bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dendrite‐Free Reverse Lithium Deposition Induced by Ion Rectification Layer toward Superior Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Lin Liang , Liu Fang , Yan Xiaolin , Chen Qiulin , Zhuang Yanping , Zheng Hongfei , Lin Jie , Wang Laisen , Han Lianhuan , Wei Qiulong , Xie Qingshui , Peng Dong‐Liang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractConsiderable endeavors are developed to suppress lithium (Li) dendrites and improve the cycling stability of Li metal batteries in order to promote their commercial application. Herein, continuous zinc (Zn) nanoparticles‐assembled film with homogenous nanopores is proposed as a modified layer for separator via a scalable method. The in situ formed LiZn alloy film during initial Li plating can serve as a Li+ ion rectification and lithiophilic layer to regulate the nucleation and reverse deposition of Li. When applied in Li|LiFePO4 full cells with traditional carbonate‐based electrolyte, the modified separator enables outstanding cycling stability of up to 350 cycles without capacity loss at a large rate of 5 C (3.4 mA cm−2) and a remarkable reversible capacity of 144 mAh g−1 after 120 cycles at a commercial mass loading as high as 19.72 mg cm−2. The excellent electrochemical performances are ascribed to the dendrite‐free reverse Li deposition induced by modified layer by means of its lithiophilic property for regulating homogeneous Li nucleation on the separator as well as its well‐distributed nanopores for homogenizing Li+ ion flux and enhancing electrolyte wetting.
A Mannosylated, PEGylated Albumin as a Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of Cancer Stroma Cells
Authors: Mizuta Yuki , Maeda Hitoshi , Ishima Yu , Minayoshi Yuki , Ichimizu Shota , Kinoshita Ryo , Fujita Issei , Kai Takuma , Hirata Kenshiro , Nakamura Teruya , Saruwatari Junji , Arima Hidetoshi , Watanabe Hiroshi , Otagiri Masaki , Maruyama Toru 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMannose receptors that are expressed on macrophages and fibroblasts in cancer stroma are promising therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Albumin can be used as a drug carrier in chemotherapeutics due to its accumulation in the tumor tissue by the enhanced permeability and retention effects. A mannosylated albumin was recently developed as a new drug carrier targeting cells that express mannose receptors such as macrophages and fibroblasts in cancer stroma. The mannosylated albumin is specifically distributed to hepatic macrophages in vivo, leading to an extremely short residence time in the blood. Here, a dual‐modified albumin, i.e., mannosylated and polyethylene glycosylated (PEGylated) is reported, to improve its blood circulating time and stromal cell targeting. The product efficiently delivers paclitaxel to stromal cells in a mouse melanoma model, thus resulting in the disruption of stromal cells and suppressed tumor growth, which is seven times stronger than that for PEGylated albumin. The findings suggest that the dual‐modified albumin has the potential to provide maximal therapeutic efficacies of chemotherapeutics for the treatment of intractable cancer.
Strong Interlayer Transition in Few‐Layer InSe/PdSe2 van der Waals Heterostructure for Near‐Infrared Photodetection
Authors: Ahmad Waqas , Liu Jidong , Jiang Jizhou , Hao Qiaoyan , Wu Di , Ke Yuxuan , Gan Haibo , Laxmi Vijay , Ouyang Zhengbiao , Ouyang Fangping , Wang Zhuo , Liu Fei , Qi Dianyu , Zhang Wenjing 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNear infrared (NIR) photodetectors based on 2D materials are widely studied for their potential application in next generation sensing, thermal imaging, and optical communication. Construction of van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructure provides a tremendous degree of freedom to combine and extend the features of 2D materials, opening up new functionalities on photonic and optoelectronic devices. Herein, a type‐II InSe/PdSe2 vdWs heterostructure with strong interlayer transition for NIR photodetection is demonstrated. Strong interlayer transition between InSe and PdSe2 is predicted via density functional theory calculation and confirmed by photoluminance spectroscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy. The heterostructure exhibits highly sensitive photodetection in NIR region up to 1650 nm. The photoresponsivity, detectivity, and external quantum efficiency at this wavelength respectively reaches up to 58.8 A W−1, 1 × 1010 Jones, and 4660%. The results suggest that the construction of vdWs heterostructure with strong interlayer transition is a promising strategy for infrared photodetection, and this work paves the way to developing high‐performance optoelectronic devices based on 2D vdWs heterostructures.
Single Atom‐Modified Hybrid Transition Metal Carbides as Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Catalysts
Authors: Gu Yitao , Wei Bo , Legut Dominik , Fu Zhongheng , Du Shiyu , Zhang Haijun , Francisco Joseph S. , Zhang Ruifeng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are promising hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts owing to their metallic conductivity, abundant surface active sites, and high specific surface area. The introduction of a single transition metal atom (TM) at the surface is a good way to improve the HER performance of MXenes. However, the effect of TM on MXenes in previous theoretical studies focused on pure functional groups, and ignored the hybrid‐functionalized ones, which are mostly observed in experiments. Herein, the HER performance of four O/F ratios stable hybrids MXenes, Ti2CTx (T = O, F), is explored. Ti2CO1.33F0.67 exhibits superior HER catalytic activity, comparable to that of platinum metals. Further combinatorial screening of ≈200 TMs based on Ti2CTx structures suggests that Rh, Ti, Ir, and Pt are optimal TM candidates that enhance the sensitivity to strain modulation and reduce the activation barrier for hydrogen generation. A descriptor ψ is used to quantify HER performance and reveals the role of the electron filling of TM to the antibonding orbitals. These findings propose feasible candidates with high HER performance through single‐atom modification for hybrid‐functional MXenes, and a useful descriptor to screen for MXenes with desirable catalytic properties.
Geometrically Reconfigurable, 2D, All‐Organic Photonic Integrated Circuits Made from Two Mechanically and Optically Dissimilar Crystals
Authors: Ravi Jada , Kumar Avulu Vinod , Karothu Durga Prasad , Annadhasan Mari , Naumov Panče , Chandrasekar Rajadurai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWith the rising concerns about global cybersecurity, safe data transduction that would be impervious to cyber attacks necessitates an immediate shift from electron‐based to light‐based devices. Here, the construction of silicon‐free, all‐organic photonic integrated circuits by micromanipulation of organic crystals of two mechanically different materials with complementary optical properties, one of which is plastically bendable, is described. The resulting optical circuits are endowed with mechanical reconfiguration at two levels: first, the individual components can be processed into arbitrary shape before integration into the circuit, and second, the circuit itself is reconfigurable even after it is fabricated. The results do not only demonstrate the infinite structural variations in optical microstructures one can build by using organic crystals, but they also show that deformable light‐transducive organic crystals carry an untapped potential for lightweight all‐organic optical minicircuitry.
A Deep Eutectic Solvent‐Based Approach to Intravenous Formulation
Authors: Kim Jayoung , Shi Yujie , Kwon Christopher J. , Gao Yongsheng , Mitragotri Samir 
Published: August 2021

AbstractClinically viable formulations of hydrophobic drugs, for example, chemotherapeutics, require strategies to promote sufficient drug solubilization. However, such strategies often involve the use of organic solvents that pose a significant risk in generating toxic, unstable products. Using verteporfin as a drug, a deep eutectic solvent (DES)‐based approach to solvate drugs in a simple one‐step process is reported. Lipoidal DES composed of choline and oleate is used to successfully solvate verteporfin, resulting in stable sub‐100 nm nanocomplexes. The nanocomplexes successfully demonstrate efficient cellular uptake as well as retention, tumor spheroid penetration, and tumor accumulation in vivo. Systemic administration of the formulation significantly inhibits the primary tumor growth and its lung metastasis in the orthotopic 4T1 murine breast tumor model. Collectively, biocompatible DES shows great potential as a novel material for intravenous formulation of chemotherapeutics.
Spinal Cord Neuronal Network Formation in a 3D Printed Reinforced Matrix—A Model System to Study Disease Mechanisms
Authors: Fischhaber Natalie , Faber Jessica , Bakirci Ezgi , Dalton Paul D. , Budday Silvia , Villmann Carmen , Schaefer Natascha 
Published: August 2021

Abstract3D cell cultures allow a better mimicry of the biological and mechanical environment of cells in vivo compared to 2D cultures. However, 3D cell cultures have been challenging for ultrasoft tissues such as the brain. The present study uses a microfiber reinforcement approach combining mouse primary spinal cord neurons in Matrigel with melt electrowritten (MEW) frames. Within these 3D constructs, neuronal network development is followed for 21 days in vitro. To evaluate neuronal development in 3D constructs, the maturation of inhibitory glycinergic synapses is analyzed using protein expression, the complex mechanical properties by assessing nonlinearity, conditioning, and stress relaxation, and calcium imaging as readouts. Following adaptation to the 3D matrix‐frame, mature inhibitory synapse formation is faster than in 2D demonstrated by a steep increase in glycine receptor expression between days 3 and 10. The 3D expression pattern of marker proteins at the inhibitory synapse and the mechanical properties resemble the situation in native spinal cord tissue. Moreover, 3D spinal cord neuronal networks exhibit intensive neuronal activity after 14 days in culture. The spinal cord cell culture model using ultrasoft matrix reinforced by MEW fibers provides a promising tool to study and understand biomechanical mechanisms in health and disease.
Out‐Of‐Plane Ordered Laminate Borides and Their 2D Ti‐Based Derivative from Chemical Exfoliation
Authors: Dahlqvist Martin , Zhou Jie , Persson Ingemar , Ahmed Bilal , Lu Jun , Halim Joseph , Tao Quanzheng , Palisaitis Justinas , Thörnberg Jimmy , Helmer Pernilla , Hultman Lars , Persson Per O. Å. , Rosen Johanna 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExploratory theoretical predictions in uncharted structural and compositional space are integral to materials discoveries. Inspired by M5SiB2 (T2) phases, the finding of a family of laminated quaternary metal borides, M′4M″SiB2, with out‐of‐plane chemical order is reported here. 11 chemically ordered phases as well as 40 solid solutions, introducing four elements previously not observed in these borides are predicted. The predictions are experimentally verified for Ti4MoSiB2, establishing Ti as part of the T2 boride compositional space. Chemical exfoliation of Ti4MoSiB2 and select removal of Si and MoB2 sub‐layers is validated by derivation of a 2D material, TiOxCly, of high yield and in the form of delaminated sheets. These sheets have an experimentally determined direct band gap of ≈4.1 eV, and display characteristics suitable for supercapacitor applications. The results take the concept of chemical exfoliation beyond currently available 2D materials, and expands the envelope of 3D and 2D candidates, and their applications.
Rational Design of a High Performance and Robust Solar Evaporator via 3D‐Printing Technology
Authors: Chaule Sourav , Hwang Jongha , Ha Seong‐Ji , Kang Jihun , Yoon Jong‐Chul , Jang Ji‐Hyun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUtilizing the broad‐band solar spectrum for sea water desalination is a promising method that can provide fresh water without sophisticated infrastructures. However, the solar‐to‐vapour efficiency has been limited due to the lack of a proper design for the evaporator to deal with either a large amount of heat loss or salt accumulation. Here, these issues are addressed via two cost‐effective approaches: I) a rational design of a concave shaped supporter by 3D‐printing that can promote the light harvesting capacity via multiple reflections on the surface; II) the use of a double layered photoabsorber composed of a hydrophilic bottom layer of a polydopamine (PDA) coated glass fiber (GF/C) and a hydrophobic upper layer of a carbonized poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVA/PVP) hydrogel on the supporter, which provides competitive benefit for preventing deposition of salt while quickly pumping the water. The 3D‐printed solar evaporator can efficiently utilize solar energy (99%) with an evaporation rate of 1.60 kg m–2 h–1 and efficiency of 89% under 1 sun irradiation. The underlying reason for the high efficiency obtained is supported by the heat transfer mechanism. The 3D‐printed solar evaporator could provide cheap drinking water in remote areas, while maintaining stable performance for a long term.
Surface Design for Antibacterial Materials: From Fundamentals to Advanced Strategies
Authors: Li Wenlong , Thian Eng San , Wang Miao , Wang Zuyong , Ren Lei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHealthcare‐acquired infections as well as increasing antimicrobial resistance have become an urgent global challenge, thus smart alternative solutions are needed to tackle bacterial infections. Antibacterial materials in biomedical applications and hospital hygiene have attracted great interest, in particular, the emergence of surface design strategies offer an effective alternative to antibiotics, thereby preventing the possible development of bacterial resistance. In this review, recent progress on advanced surface modifications to prevent bacterial infections are addressed comprehensively, starting with the key factors against bacterial adhesion, followed by varying strategies that can inhibit biofilm formation effectively. Furthermore, “super antibacterial systems” through pre‐treatment defense and targeted bactericidal system, are proposed with increasing evidence of clinical potential. Finally, the advantages and future challenges of surface strategies to resist healthcare‐associated infections are discussed, with promising prospects of developing novel antimicrobial materials.
In Vitro Strategies to Vascularize 3D Physiologically Relevant Models
Authors: Dellaquila Alessandra , Le Bao Chau , Letourneur Didier , Simon‐Yarza Teresa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractVascularization of 3D models represents a major challenge of tissue engineering and a key prerequisite for their clinical and industrial application. The use of prevascularized models built from dedicated materials could solve some of the actual limitations, such as suboptimal integration of the bioconstructs within the host tissue, and would provide more in vivo‐like perfusable tissue and organ‐specific platforms. In the last decade, the fabrication of vascularized physiologically relevant 3D constructs has been attempted by numerous tissue engineering strategies, which are classified here in microfluidic technology, 3D coculture models, namely, spheroids and organoids, and biofabrication. In this review, the recent advancements in prevascularization techniques and the increasing use of natural and synthetic materials to build physiological organ‐specific models are discussed. Current drawbacks of each technology, future perspectives, and translation of vascularized tissue constructs toward clinics, pharmaceutical field, and industry are also presented. By combining complementary strategies, these models are envisioned to be successfully used for regenerative medicine and drug development in a near future.
Strain Sensing by Electrical Capacitive Variation: From Stretchable Materials to Electronic Interfaces
Authors: Nesser Hussein , Lubineau Gilles 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSensing the motion of objects and humans is essential for various applications, including human‐machine interfaces. Over the past few years, motion sensing has been extensively studied using capacitive strain sensors that can be utilized for wireless communications. The performance and functionality of capacitive strain sensors have been improved by achieving high sensitivity, large‐area sensing, ultra‐stretchability, and simplicity in design, measurement methods, and wireless integration. This review article highlights recent developments in capacitive strain sensors, including their characteristics and applications. First, the mechanisms and techniques employed to enhance the sensitivity of capacitive strain sensors are reviewed. Then, the notable features of this sensing strategy are highlighted, such as its ability to cover a wide area, properties of the required electronic interface, and sensor implementation inside a remote measurement system via an oscillating circuit. Therefore, a global review of the capacitive strain sensor that has been previously attempted can participate in developing an effective sensing method to meet the market need.
Manipulating Cu Nanoparticle Surface Oxidation States Tunes Catalytic Selectivity toward CH4 or C2+ Products in CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Fan Qikui , Zhang Xue , Ge Xiaohu , Bai Licheng , He Dongsheng , Qu Yunteng , Kong Chuncai , Bi Jinglei , Ding Dawei , Cao Yueqiang , Duan Xuezhi , Wang Jin , Yang Jian , Wu Yuen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHerein, a facile seed‐assisted strategy for preparing Cu nanoparticles (NPs) with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) capping is presented. Compared to the Cu NPs with deficient PVP protection, the Cu NPs capped with a sufficient amount of PVP remain almost completely as Cu0 species. In contrast, the Cu NPs that are considered PVP deficient form an oxide structure in which the inner layer is face‐centered cubic Cu and the outer layer is, at least in part, made up of Cu2O species. Furthermore, to eliminate CO2 molecule diffusion and simultaneously obtain significant current density (200 mA cm−2) for industrial applications, a flow cell configuration is used for carbon dioxide electro reduction reaction (CO2RR) testing in 0.5 m potassium hydroxide solution. The Cu NPs with zero valence deliver Faradaic efficiencies (FEs) for the CO2 reduction to CH4 of over 70%, with a current density exceeding 200 mA cm−2, outstripping the performances of the majority of the reported CO2 electrocatalysts. Interestingly, the distribution of products catalyzed by the Cu NPs with +1 valence includes multicarbon products (C2+) such as C2H4, C2H5OH, CH3COOH, and C3H7OH with combined FEs of >80%, with current densities of up to 300 mA cm−2. The above results unambiguously establish that surface oxidation of Cu species plays a crucial role in the CO2RR.
A Multifunctional Dual‐Salt Localized High‐Concentration Electrolyte for Fast Dynamic High‐Voltage Lithium Battery in Wide Temperature Range
Authors: Lin Shuangshuang , Hua Haiming , Lai Pengbin , Zhao Jinbao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this work, a multifunctional 2m dual‐salt sulfolane (TMS)/ethyl acetate (EA)‐based localized high‐concentration electrolyte (LHCE) with 10 wt% fluorocarbonate (FEC) is reported. Its incorporation into a Li||Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 battery enables it to maintain nearly 89% capacity retention after 200 cycles with 1 C (200 mA g−1) charge/discharge current density charged to 4.6 V at 25 °C, showing good high‐voltage cyclic stability. A superior 10 C high‐rate performance with 65% (≈130 mAh g−1) specific capacity is also achieved. Furthermore, it still remains a liquid and exhibits good ionic conductivity even at −80 °C, and enables Li||Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 batteries to deliver more than 50% of their room‐temperature capacity at −40 °C and remains stable for over 200 cycles under the same condition as before, realizing outstanding low‐temperature fast‐charging/discharging performance. It also demonstrates compatibility with both lithium metal and graphite anode. All in all, this work provides a new idea for the design of a fast‐dynamic, high‐voltage, and low‐temperature lithium battery electrolyte. The findings of this work indicate that LHCEs made directly from the optimal high‐concentration electrolyte are not the most suitable approach, combining the diluent with an additive is necessary and effective.
Nanocomposites: A New Opportunity for Developing Highly Active and Durable Bifunctional Air Electrodes for Reversible Protonic Ceramic Cells
Authors: Song Yufei , Liu Jiapeng , Wang Yuhao , Guan Daqin , Seong Arim , Liang Mingzhuang , Robson Matthew J. , Xiong Xiandong , Zhang Zhiqi , Kim Guntae , Shao Zongping , Ciucci Francesco 
Published: August 2021

AbstractReversible protonic ceramic cells (RePCCs) can facilitate the global transition to renewable energy sources by providing high efficiency, scalable, and fuel‐flexible energy generation and storage at the grid level. However, RePCC technology is limited by the lack of durable air electrode materials with high activity toward the oxygen reduction/evolution reaction and water formation/water‐splitting reaction. Herein, a novel nanocomposites concept for developing bifunctional RePCC electrodes with exceptional performance is reported. By harnessing the unique functionalities of nanoscale particles, nanocomposites can produce electrodes that simultaneously optimize reaction activity in both fuel cell/electrolysis operations. In this work, a nanocomposite electrode composed of tetragonal and Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) perovskite phases with a surface enriched by CeO2 and NiO nanoparticles is synthesized. Experiments and calculations identify that the RP phase promotes hydration and proton transfer, while NiO and CeO2 nanoparticles facilitate O2 surface exchange and O2‐ transfer from the surface to the major perovskite. This composite also ensures fast (H+/O2‐/e‐) triple‐conduction, thereby promoting oxygen reduction/evolution reaction activities. The as‐fabricated RePCC achieves an excellent peak power density of 531 mW cm‐2 and an electrolysis current of −364 mA cm‐2 at 1.3 V at 600 °C, while demonstrating exceptional reversible operation stability of 120 h at 550 °C.
Superionic Fluorinated Halide Solid Electrolytes for Highly Stable Li‐Metal in All‐Solid‐State Li Batteries
Authors: Yu Tianwei , Liang Jianwen , Luo Liang , Wang Limin , Zhao Feipeng , Xu Guofeng , Bai Xiangtao , Yang Rong , Zhao Shangqian , Wang Jiantao , Yu Jinqiu , Sun Xueliang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe halide solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) have received significant attention due to their high ionic conductivity and desirable compatibility with cathode materials. However, the reduction potential of the halide is still >0.6 V (versus Li/Li+). Reduction stability is still one of the challenges that need to be addressed. The fluorides have a wide electrochemical stability window due to the large electronegativity of F–. In contrast, Li3YBr6 (LYB) bromides have a narrower electrochemical window, although they have high lithium ion conductivity (>10–3 S cm–1). Herein, a fluorine doping strategy is employed. The interfacial stability between fluoride‐doped bromides and lithium metal is researched by cycling of lithium symmetric cells. Li plating/stripping can maintain over 1000 h at 0.75 mA cm–2. Interfacial protection mechanisms investigated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A fluoride‐rich interfacial layer is formed in situ during the cycle, which achieves inhibition of the reduction. The Li metal treated fluorine doping of LYB exhibits significant potential in full cells. In fact, the induction of a stable in situ interfacial layer by fluorine doping can effectively improve the interfacial stability of bromides to lithium metal. Fluorine‐doped modification offers a new attempt to realize lithium metal applications in all‐solid‐state lithium batteries.