bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migration of adult male children and associated depression among community‐dwelling older parents: A cross‐sectional gender analysis from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, 2017–2018
Authors: Muhammad Thalil , Sulaiman Madathil K. , Srivastava Shobhit 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study empirically examines the association of migration of an adult male child (ren) on the mental health of the older parents left behind. It also examines the interaction effects of sex of older parents and male child migration on major depression to explore whether there is a gender differential in the possible association.MethodsThe data for this study were obtained from the first wave of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI, 2017–2018). The total sample size for the present study was 27,248 older adults aged 60 years and above (male‐12,624; female‐14,624). Descriptive statistics along with cross‐tabulation were presented. Proportion test was used to evaluate the significance level of differences in depression by sex. Additionally, binary logistic regression analysis was used to find out the associations. Major depression with symptoms of dysphoria, was calculated using the Short‐Form Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI‐SF).ResultsAbout 10.5% and 9.0% of older males and females had migrant sons. It was found that there was significant gender differential in depression in older age (male: 7.5% and female: 9.7%; p < 0.001). It was further found that the prevalence of depression was found among older men (9.3% vs. 7.3%) and women (12.5% vs. 9.4%) with migrant son. Older adults with migrant son had 26% significantly higher likelihood to be depressed in reference to older adults with non‐migrant son (AOR: 1.26; CI: 1.02–1.56). Further, older women with a migrant son had 76% significantly higher likelihood to be depressed in reference to older men with migrant son (AOR: 1.76; CI: 1.32–2.39).ConclusionsThis study invites policymakers' attention towards migration of adult children and its potential effects on mental health of left‐behind older parents in community‐settings and in women in particular. Policies should focus on spreading awareness to migrant children of older adults on maintaining frequent contacts and visits to their ageing parents.
Radiofrequency ablation and related ultrasound‐guided ablation technologies for treatment of benign and malignant thyroid disease: An international multidisciplinary consensus statement of the American Head and Neck Society Endocrine Surgery Section with the Asia Pacific Society of Thyroid Surgery, Associazione Medici Endocrinologi, British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons, European Thyroid Association, Italian Society of Endocrine Surgery Units, Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology, Latin American Thyroid Society, and Thyroid Nodules Therapies Association
Authors: Orloff Lisa A. , Noel Julia E. , Stack Brendan C. , Russell Marika D. , Angelos Peter , Baek Jung Hwan , Brumund Kevin T. , Chiang Feng‐Yu , Cunnane Mary Beth , Davies Louise , Frasoldati Andrea , Feng Anne Y. , Hegedüs Laszlo , Iwata Ayaka J. , Kandil Emad , Kuo Jennifer , Lombardi Celestino , Lupo Mark , Maia Ana Luiza , McIver Bryan , Na Dong Gyu , Novizio Roberto , Papini Enrico , Patel Kepal N. , Rangel Leonardo , Russell Jonathon O. , Shin Jennifer , Shindo Maisie , Shonka David C. , Karcioglu Amanda S. , Sinclair Catherine , Singer Michael , Spiezia Stefano , Steck Jose Higino , Steward David , Tae Kyung , Tolley Neil , Valcavi Roberto , Tufano Ralph P. , Tuttle R. Michael , Volpi Erivelto , Wu Che Wei , Abdelhamid Ahmed Amr H. , Randolph Gregory W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe use of ultrasound‐guided ablation procedures to treat both benign and malignant thyroid conditions is gaining increasing interest. This document has been developed as an international interdisciplinary evidence‐based statement with a primary focus on radiofrequency ablation and is intended to serve as a manual for best practice application of ablation technologies.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was conducted to guide statement development and generation of best practice recommendations. Modified Delphi method was applied to assess whether statements met consensus among the entire author panel.ResultsA review of the current state of ultrasound‐guided ablation procedures for the treatment of benign and malignant thyroid conditions is presented. Eighteen best practice recommendations in topic areas of preprocedural evaluation, technique, postprocedural management, efficacy, potential complications, and implementation are provided.ConclusionsAs ultrasound‐guided ablation procedures are increasingly utilized in benign and malignant thyroid disease, evidence‐based and thoughtful application of best practices is warranted.
Autophagy promotes hepatic cystogenesis in polycystic liver disease by depletion of cholangiocyte ciliogenic proteins
Authors: Masyuk Anatoliy I. , Masyuk Tatyana V. , Trussoni Christy E. , Pirius Nicholas E. , LaRusso Nicholas F. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Backgrounds and Aims
Polycystic liver disease (PLD) is characterized by defective cholangiocyte cilia that regulate progressive growth of hepatic cysts. Because formation of primary cilia is influenced by autophagy through degradation of proteins involved in ciliogenesis, we hypothesized that ciliary defects in PLD cholangiocytes (PLDCs) originate from autophagy‐mediated depletion of ciliogenic proteins ADP‐ribosylation factor‐like protein 3 (ARL3) and ADP‐ribosylation factor‐like protein 13B (ARL13B) and ARL‐dependent mislocation of a ciliary‐localized bile acid receptor, Takeda G‐protein‐coupled receptor 5 (TGR5), the activation of which enhances hepatic cystogenesis (HCG). The aims here were to determine whether: (1) ciliogenesis is impaired in PLDC, is associated with increased autophagy, and involves autophagy‐mediated depletion of ARL3 and ARL13B; (2) depletion of ARL3 and ARL13B in PLDC cilia impacts ciliary localization of TGR5; and (3) pharmacological inhibition of autophagy re‐establishes cholangiocyte cilia and ciliary localization of ARL3, ARL3B, and TGR5 and reduces HCG.

Approach and Results
By using liver tissue from healthy persons and patients with PLD, in vitro and in vivo models of PLD, and in vitro models of ciliogenesis, we demonstrated that, in PLDCs: ciliogenesis is impaired; autophagy is enhanced; ARL3 and ARL13B are ubiquitinated by HDAC6, depleted in cilia, and present in autophagosomes; depletion of ARL3 and ARL13B impacts ciliary localization of TGR5; and pharmacological inhibition of autophagy with mefloquine and verteporfin re‐establishes cholangiocyte cilia and ciliary localization of ARL3, ARL13B, and TGR5 and reduces HCG.

Conclusions
The intersection between autophagy, defective cholangiocyte cilia, and enhanced HCG contributes to PLD progression and can be considered a target for therapeutic interventions.
A strategy of vascular‐targeted therapy for liver fibrosis
Authors: Lin Yuan , Dong Meng‐Qi , Liu Zhi‐Min , Xu Meng , Huang Zhi‐Hao , Liu Hong‐Juan , Gao Yi , Zhou Wei‐Jie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
No effective treatments are available for liver fibrosis. Angiogenesis is deeply involved in liver fibrogenesis. However, current controversial results suggest it is difficult to treat liver fibrosis through vascular targeting. There are three different microvessels in liver: portal vessels, liver sinusoids, and central vessels. The changes and roles for each of the three different vessels during liver fibrogenesis are unclear. We propose that they play different roles during liver fibrogenesis, and a single vascular endothelial cell (EC) regulator is not enough to fully regulate these three vessels to treat liver fibrosis. Therefore, a combined regulation of multiple different EC regulatory signaling pathway may provide new strategies for the liver fibrosis therapy. Herein, we present a proof‐of‐concept strategy by combining the regulation of leukocyte cell‐derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2)/tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin‐like and epidermal growth factor–like domains 1 signaling with that of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/recombinant VEGF (rVEGF) signaling.

Approach and Results
The CCl4‐induced mouse liver fibrosis model and NASH model were both used. During fibrogenesis, vascular changes occurred at very early stage, and different liver vessels showed different changes and played different roles: decreased portal vessels, increased sinusoid capillarization and the increased central vessels the increase of portal vessels alleviates liver fibrosis, the increase of central vessels aggravates liver fibrosis, and the increase of sinusoid capillarization aggravates liver fibrosis. The combinational treatment of adeno‐associated viral vector serotype 9 (AAV9)–LECT2–short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and rVEGF showed improved therapeutic effects, but it led to serious side effects. The combination of AAV9‐LECT2‐shRNA and bevacizumab showed both improved therapeutic effects and decreased side effects.

Conclusions
Liver vascular changes occurred at very early stage of fibrogenesis. Different vessels play different roles in liver fibrosis. The combinational treatment of AAV9‐LECT2‐shRNA and bevacizumab could significantly improve the therapeutic effects on liver fibrosis.
Cardiotoxicity as an adverse effect of immunomodulatory drugs and proteasome inhibitors in multiple myeloma: A network meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Das Avash , Dasgupta Subhajit , Gong Yan , Shah Urvi A. , Fradley Michael G. , Cheng Richard K. , Roy Bhaskar , Guha Avirup 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe aim to determine the cumulative and comparative risk of cardiovascular events associated with different Immunomodulatory Drugs (iMiDs) and Proteasome Inhibitor (PIs) in Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients through pairwise and network meta‐analysis. Electronic searches were conducted using Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Clinical Trial Registry (Clinical Trials.gov) up to May 2021. Phase 3 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) reporting cardiotoxicity in MM patients (newly diagnoses and/or relapsed) treated with iMiD and/or PI. Studies, where iMiD or PI was used alongside the chemotherapy versus placebo or no additional drugs (control) in the other arm were included. The primary outcome was the presence of cardiotoxicity after follow‐up. Pairwise meta‐analysis and network meta‐analysis were performed using the frequentist's approach to estimate the odds ratio (OR). Twenty RCTs with 10,373 MM patients were included in this analysis. Eleven studies compared iMiDs with control, seven studies compared PIs with control, and two studies compared bortezomib against carfilzomib. CTACE high‐grade (≥grade 3) cardiotoxic events were increased with iMiDs compared to their control counterpart (OR 2.05; 95% CI 1.30–3.26). Similar high‐grade cardiotoxicity was also noted more frequently with PI use when compared to the control group (OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.17–2.40). Among the PIs, carfilzomib was associated with a maximum risk of cardiotoxicity (OR 2.68; 95% CI 1.63–4.40). There was no evidence of publication bias among studies. iMiDs and PIs, particularly carfilzomib, appear to be associated with increased risk of high‐grade cardiovascular events in MM patients.
Unveiling the actual cost of Schizophrenia: An Activity‐Based Costing (ABC) approach
Authors: Latorre Valeria , Messeni Petruzzelli Antonio , Uva Antonio Emmanuele , Ranaudo Carlo , Semisa Domenico 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite its relatively low lifetime prevalence, the health, social, and economic burden of Schizophrenia is very significant. In the last 10 years, several studies have analysed the economic burden of Schizophrenia, even if there is a lack of research that has considered the actual cost for the community as the result of each event in the patient's history.ObjectiveThe present study aims to cover this gap by proposing a novel model to evaluate better the cost of Schizophrenia with real data from medical records.MethodsWe applied (i) a ‘real life’ analysis of medical database to capture each event of the clinical history and healthcare that could have an economic impact; and (ii) a novel Activity‐Based Costing model to quantify the overall annual economic burden of a patient with Schizophrenia treated by public mental health services. We carried out the study with 523 patients with a diagnosis of Schizophrenia in the Department of Mental Health of Bari, in the South of Italy.ResultsOur results reveal an overall cost of €41.290 per patient with Schizophrenia per year. Almost half of the cost is due to rehabilitation. The second most important factor is instead related to disability and loss of productivity.ConclusionsWe believe that the present approach represents the most effective method to properly estimate actual costs when real‐life data are available compared with other studies mainly based on prevalence‐based approaches.
Capsaicin inhibits cell proliferation by enhancing oxidative stress and apoptosis through SIRT1/NOX4 signaling pathways in HepG2 and HL‐7702 cells
Authors: Hacioglu Ceyhan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCapsaicin could suppress the proliferation of cancer cells and inhibit many biochemical pathways associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis. This study investigates the effects of capsaicin in both hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and normal hepatocytes (HL‐7702) via the SIRT1/NOX4 signaling pathway. After determination of cytotoxic concentrations of capsaicin on HL‐7702 and HepG2 cells, we measured total oxidant status (TOS), reduced glutathione (GSH), 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG), cytochrome c (CYC), caspase3 (CASP3), Bcl‐2, Bax, sirtuin1 (SIRT1), and NADPH oxidases4 (NOX4) levels. Besides this, we analyzed the messenger RNA and protein levels of SIRT1 and NOX4. We found that capsaicin increased TOS, 8‐OHdG, CASP3, CYC, Bax, and NOX4 levels, and decreased Bcl‐2, GSH, and SIRT1 in a concentration‐dependent manner in HepG2 cells. However, especially low capsaicin concentration (128.75 µM) enhanced GSH and SIRT levels and reduced TOS, CASP3, CYC, 8‐OHdG, and NOX4 levels in HL‐7702 cells (p < 0.05). Interestingly, 128.75 and 172.8 µM capsaicin treatment increased SIRT1 expression levels in HL‐7702 cells, resulting in an increase in GSH levels and a decrease in TOS, CYC, CAPS3, and 8‐OHdG levels through NOX4 inhibition. Furthermore, we demonstrated a significant decrease in SIRT1 protein levels and an increase in NOX4 protein levels and caspase‐3/‐7 activities in both HL‐7702 and HepG2 cells treated with 261.5 µM capsaicin. Additionally, morphological changes in HL‐7702 and HepG2 cells treated with capsaicin correlated with the enhancement in oxidative burden, DNA damage, and apoptosis. Our results show that capsaicin effectively might cause higher oxidative, apoptotic, and DNA damage in HepG2 cells than in HL‐7702 cells through the SIRT1/NOX4 signaling pathway.
Plateaued functions on finite abelian groups and partial geometric difference sets
Authors: Xu Bangteng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAs a generalization of plateaued functions on finite fields and bent functions (perfect nonlinear functions) on finite abelian groups, plateaued functions on finite abelian groups were introduced in [B. Xu, Plateaued functions, partial geometric difference sets, and partial geometric designs, J. Combin. Des. 27 (2019), 756–783]. In this paper, we continue the research in the paper mentioned above. We will obtain various characterizations of plateaued functions; these characterizations establish close connections between plateaued functions and some combinatorial objects: partial geometric difference sets and related partial geometric difference families. Then we introduce the complementary matrix and Cayley matrix for a subset of a finite group and use them to characterize partial geometric difference sets. As applications, we will show how to construct directed strongly regular graphs from partial geometric difference sets and establish a natural relation between partial geometric difference sets and partial geometric designs. The tensor product of a group algebra and a cyclotomic field is an important tool for our discussions.
Identification of traumatic acid as a potential plasma biomarker for sarcopenia using a metabolomics‐based approach
Authors: Tsai Jaw‐Shiun , Wang San‐Yuan , Chang Chin‐Hao , Chen Chin‐Ying , Wen Chiung‐Jung , Chen Guan‐Yuan , Kuo Ching‐Hua , Tseng Y. Jane , Chen Ching‐Yu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe pathogenesis of sarcopenia is complex and has not been well explored. Identifying biomarkers is a promising strategy for exploring the mechanism of sarcopenia. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers of sarcopenia through a metabolomic analysis of plasma metabolites in elderly subjects (≥65 years of age) vs. younger adults (<65 years of age).MethodsOf the 168 candidates in the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and Frailty Study of Elderly Outpatients, 24 elderly subjects (≥65 years of age) with sarcopenia were age and sex matched with 24 elderly subjects without sarcopenia. In addition, 24 younger adults were recruited for comparison. Muscle strength, gait speed, and metabolic and inflammatory parameters, including plasma tumour necrosis factor‐α, C‐reactive protein, irisin, and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF‐15) levels were assessed. Metabolomic analysis was carried out using the plasma metabolites.ResultsSeventy‐two participants were enrolled, including 10 (41.6%) men and 14 (58.3%) women in both groups of elderly subjects. The median ages of elderly subjects with and without sarcopenia were 82 (range: 67–88) and 81.5 (range: 67–87) years, respectively. Among the 242 plasma metabolic peaks analysed among these three groups, traumatic acid was considered as a sarcopenia‐related metabolite. The plasma traumatic acid signal intensity level was significantly higher in elderly subjects with sarcopenia than in elderly subjects without sarcopenia [591.5 (inter‐quartile range, IQR: 491.5–664.5) vs. 430.0 (IQR: 261.0–599.5), P = 0.0063]. The plasma concentrations of traumatic acid were 15.8 (IQR: 11.5–21.7), 21.1 (IQR: 16.0–25.8), and 24.3 (IQR: 18.0–29.5) ppb in younger adults [age range: 23–37 years, 12 (50%) men], elderly subjects without sarcopenia, and elderly subjects with sarcopenia, respectively, thereby depicting an increasing tendency (P for trend = 0.034). This pattern was similar to that of GDF‐15, a recognized sarcopenia‐related factor. Plasma traumatic acid concentrations were also positively correlated with the presence of hypertension (r = 0.25, P = 0.034), glucose AC (r = 0.34, P = 0.0035), creatinine (r = 0.40, P = 0.0006), and GDF‐15 levels (r = 0.25, P = 0.0376), but negatively correlated with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease‐simplify‐glomerular filtration rate (r = −0.50, P < 0.0001). Similarly, plasma GDF‐15 concentrations were associated with these factors.ConclusionsTraumatic acid might represent a potential plasma biomarker of sarcopenia. However, further studies are needed to validate the results and investigate the underlying mechanisms.
Adolescent enriched environment exposure alleviates cognitive impairments in sleep‐deprived male rats: Role of hippocampal brain‐derived neurotrophic factor
Authors: Ghaheri Safa , Panahpour Hamdollah , Abdollahzadeh Maryam , Saadati Hakimeh 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDevelopmental life experience has long‐lasting influences on the brain and behavior. The present study aims to examine the long‐term effects of the enriched environment (EE), which was imposed during the adolescence period of life, on their passive avoidance and recognition memories as well as anxiety‐like behaviors and hippocampal brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, in sleep‐deprived male rats.In the present study, the male pups were separated from their mothers in postnatal day 21 (PND21) and were housed in the standard or EE for 40 days. In PND 61, the rats were allocated in four groups: control, SD (sleep deprivation), EE, and EE + SD groups. SD was induced in rats by a modified multiple platform model for 24 h. Open field, novel object recognition memory, and passive avoidance memory tests were used to examine behavior and cognitive ability. The expression of hippocampal BDNF levels was determined by PCR.The results revealed that SD increased anxiety‐like behaviors and impaired cognitive ability, while adolescent EE housing alleviated these changes. In addition, EE reversed SD‐induced changes in hippocampal BDNF level. We also demonstrated that EE not only has beneficial effects on the cognitive functions of normal rats but also declined memory deficits induced by SD.In conclusion, our results suggest that housing in EE during the adolescence period of life reduces cognitive impairment induced by SD. The increase of the BDNF level in the hippocampus is a possible mechanism to alleviate cognitive performance in sleep‐deprived rats.
Genomic characterization of the dominating Beta, V2 variant carrying vaccinated (Oxford−AstraZeneca) and nonvaccinated COVID‐19 patient samples in Bangladesh: A metagenomics and whole‐genome approach
Authors: Rahaman Md. Mizanur , Sarkar Md. Murshed Hasan , Rahman M. Shaminur , Islam M. Rafiul , Islam Israt , Saha Otun , Akter Shahina , Banu Tanjian Akhtar , Jahan Iffat , Habib Md. Ahasan , Goswami Barna , Bari Latiful , Malek Md Abdul , Khan Md. Salim 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBangladesh is experiencing a second wave of COVID‐19 since March 2021, despite the nationwide vaccination drive with ChAdOx1 (Oxford−AstraZeneca) vaccine from early February 2021. Here, we characterized 19 nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) samples from COVID‐19 suspect patients using genomic and metagenomic approaches. Screening for SARS‐CoV‐2 by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and metagenomic sequencing revealed 17 samples of COVID‐19 positive (vaccinated = 10, nonvaccinated = 7) and 2 samples of COVID‐19 negative. We did not find any significant correlation between associated factors including vaccination status, age or sex of the patients, diversity or abundance of the coinfected organisms/pathogens, and the abundance of SARS‐CoV‐2. Though the first wave of the pandemic was dominated by clade 20B, Beta, V2 (South African variant) dominated the second wave (January 2021 to May 2021), while the third wave (May 2021 to September 2021) was responsible for Delta variants of the epidemic in Bangladesh including both vaccinated and unvaccinated infections. Noteworthily, the receptor binding domain (RBD) region of S protein of all the isolates harbored similar substitutions including K417N, E484K, and N501Y that signify the Beta, while D614G, D215G, D80A, A67V, L18F, and A701V substitutions were commonly found in the non‐RBD region of Spike proteins. ORF7b and ORF3a genes underwent a positive selection (dN/dSratio 1.77 and 1.24, respectively), while the overall S protein of the Bangladeshi SARS‐CoV‐2 isolates underwent negative selection pressure (dN/dS = 0.621). Furthermore, we found different bacterial coinfections likeStreptococcus agalactiae, Neisseria meningitidis, Elizabethkingia anophelis, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Klebsiella pneumoniae, andPseudomonas plecoglossicida, expressinga number of antibiotic resistance genes such astetA andtetM. Overall, this approach provides valuable insights on the SARS‐CoV‐2 genomes and microbiome composition from both vaccinated and nonvaccinated patients in Bangladesh.