bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yield and quality of brown rice noodles processed from early-season rice grains
Authors: Huang Min , Xiao Zhengwu , Chen Jiana , Cao Fangbo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProducing rice noodles using early-season rice grains is a way to bypass difficulties in marketing early-season rice that does not meet consumer preference for soft-textured rice. In recent years, brown rice foods including noodles have attracted great attention due to their health and nutritional benefits. This study was conducted to evaluate the yield and quality of brown rice noodles processed from two early-season rice cultivars. Results showed that the yield of brown rice noodles was 12–19% higher than that of white rice noodles. Although the cooked break rate and cooking loss rate were 5–10% higher in brown rice noodles compared to white rice noodles, both were within an acceptable range for brown rice noodles. Cooked brown rice noodles had 21–27% lower hardness and chewiness than cooked white rice noodles, though differences in the elasticity parameters springiness, cohesiveness, and resilience were not significant or were inconsistent between cooked brown and white rice noodles. These results suggest that it is feasible to process early-season rice to produce brown rice noodles of desirable yield and quality.
Electric field detection as floral cue in hoverfly pollination
Authors: Khan Shahmshad Ahmed , Khan Khalid Ali , Kubik Stepan , Ahmad Saboor , Ghramh Hamed A. , Ahmad Afzal , Skalicky Milan , Naveed Zeenat , Malik Sadia , Khalofah Ahlam , Aljedani Dalal M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPollinators can detect the color, shape, scent, and even temperature of the flowers they want to visit. Here, we present the previously unappreciated capacity of hoverflies (Eristalis tenax and Cheilosia albipila) to detect the electric field surrounding flowers. Using hoverflies as key dipteran pollinators, we explored the electrical interactions between flies and flowers—how a hoverfly acquired a charge and how their electrical sensing ability for target flowers contributed to nectar identification and pollination. This study revealed that rapid variations in a floral electric field were related to a nectar reward and increased the likelihood of the fly’s return visits. We found that thoracic hairs played a role in the polarity of hoverfly charge, revealing their electro-mechanosensory capability, as in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris). Electrophysiological analysis of the hoverfly’s antennae did not reveal neural sensitivity to the electric field, which favors the mechanosensory hairs as putative electroreceptive organs in both species of hoverflies.
Unconventional critical behaviour in weak ferromagnets Fe2-xMnxCrAl (0 ≤ x < 1)
Authors: Yadav Kavita , Ranaut Dheeraj , Mukherjee K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRecent investigation on weak ferromagnets Fe2-xMnxCrAl (0 ≤ x < 1) reveal the existence of a cluster glass phase (CGP) and a Griffiths-like phase (GP) below and above the ferromagnetic transition temperature (TC), respectively [(2019) Sci. Rep.9 15888]. In this work, the influence of these inhomogeneous phases on the critical behaviour (around TC) of the above-mentioned series of alloys has been investigated in detail. For the parent alloy Fe2CrAl, the critical exponent γ is estimated as ~ 1.34, which lies near to the ordered 3D Heisenberg class, whereas the obtained value of the critical exponent β ~ 0.273 does not belong to any universality class. With increment in Mn concentration, both exponents γ and β increase, where γ and β approach the disordered and ordered 3D Heisenberg class, respectively. The observed deviation of γ and unconventional value of δ can be ascribed to the increment of GP with Mn-concentration. The trend noted for β can be attributed to the increment in CGP regime with an increase in Mn-content. The estimated critical exponents are consistent and reliable as corroborated using the scaling law and equations of state. Our studies indicate that the critical phenomenon of Fe2-xMnxCrAl (0 ≤ x < 1) alloys possibly belong to a separate class, which is not described within the framework of any existing universal model.
Hollow polyhedral ZnCo2O4 superstructure as an ethanol gas sensor and sensing mechanism study using near ambient pressure XPS
Authors: Yuan Guotao , Zhang Hui , Cheng Yufeng , Zhong Yihong , Zhuo Qiqi , Sun Xuhui 
Published: September 2021

ZnCo2O4 hollow polyhedrons assembled by small nanoparticle building blocks were prepared and exhibited high response to ethanol. NAPXPS spectral indicate that oxygen abosorbed on the surface can react with ethanol molecules to form carboxylates.
A power system transient stability assessment method based on active learning
Authors: Zhang Yuqiong , Zhao Qiang , Tan Bendong , Yang Jun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDue to the wide deployment of phasor measurement unit, the real‐time assessment of transient stability based on machine learning shows great potential for development. In order to solve the problem of time‐consuming data generation of offline training in such methods and the difficulty of quickly updating the model after the grid changes, the paper proposes a method for transient stability assessment (TSA) of power systems based on active learning. Firstly, different operation conditions and different faults are considered to perform short‐time simulation (simulation to the instant of fault clearance) to generate unlabelled samples. After the careful selection of critical TSA features, a part of samples are randomly selected for long‐term simulation to label the transient status of these samples, and random forest is further trained to construct TSA model. Finally some data is selected in the remaining unlabelled samples with higher information entropy to label and retrain the model until the model accuracy no longer changes. The simulation on the test power system shows that the method proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the time of offline simulation, and greatly improve the efficiency of model, and is also robust to wide‐area noise.
Can nebular He II emission be explained by ultra-luminous X-ray sources?
Authors: Simmonds Charlotte , Schaerer Daniel , Verhamme Anne 
Published: September 2021

Context. The shape of the ionising spectra of galaxies is a key ingredient to reveal their physical properties and for our understanding of the ionising background radiation. A long-standing unsolved problem is the presence of He II nebular emission in many low-metallicity star-forming galaxies. This emission requires ionising photons with an energy > 54 eV; it is important to note that these particular photons are not produced in sufficient amounts by normal stellar populations.
Aims. To examine if high mass X-ray binaries and ultra-luminous X-ray sources (HMXBs and ULXs) can explain the observed He II nebular emission and how their presence alters other emission lines, we computed photoionisation models of galaxies including such sources.
Methods. We combined spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of integrated stellar populations with constrained SEDs of ULXs to obtain composite spectra with varying amounts of X-ray luminosity, parameterised by LX/SFR. With these, we computed photoionisation models to predict the emission line fluxes of the optical recombination lines of H and He+, as well as the main metal lines of [O III], [O II], [O I], and [N II]. The predictions were then compared to a large sample of low-metallicity galaxies.
Results. We find that it is possible to reproduce the nebular He II λ4686 and other line observations with our spectra and with amounts of LX/SFR compatible with the observations. Our work suggests that HMBXs and ULXs could be responsible for the observed nebular He II emission. However, the strengths of the high and low ionisation lines, such as He II and [O I] λ6300, strongly depend on the X-ray contribution and on the assumed SEDs of the high energy source(s), the latter being poorly known.
The C60:C60+
ratio in diffuse and translucent interstellar clouds
Authors: Rouillé Gaël , Krasnokutski Serge A. , Carpentier Yvain 
Published: September 2021

Context. Insight into the conditions that drive the physics and chemistry in interstellar clouds is gained from determining the abundance and charge state of their components.
Aims. We propose an evaluation of the C60:C60+ ratio in diffuse and translucent interstellar clouds that exploits electronic absorption bands so as not to rely on ambiguous IR emission measurements.
Methods. The ratio is determined by analyzing archival spectra and literature data. Information on the cation population is obtained from published characteristics of the main diffuse interstellar bands attributed to C60+ and absorption cross sections already reported for the vibronic bands of the cation. The population of neutral molecules is described in terms of upper limits because the relevant vibronic bands of C60 are not brought out by observations. We revise the oscillator strengths reported for C60 and measure the spectrum of the molecule isolated in Ne ice to complete them.
Results. We scale down the oscillator strengths for absorption bands of C60 and find an upper limit of approximately 1.3 for the C60:C60+ ratio.
Conclusions. We conclude that the fraction of neutral molecules in the buckminsterfullerene population of diffuse and translucent interstellar clouds may be notable despite the non-detection of the expected vibronic bands. More certainty will require improved laboratory data and observations.
Des mers anthropocéniques ? Un colloque au Muséum national d’histoire naturelle
Authors: Artaud Hélène , Chlous Frédérique , Mariat-Roy Émilie 
Published: September 2021

Le 6 février 2020 a eu lieu, à l’auditorium de la grande galerie du Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, le colloque intitulé « Mer et Anthropocène », organisé par H. Artaud, F.  Chlous et É. Mariat-Roy. Cet évènement entendait réfléchir à un objet devenu désormais incontournable et pourtant relativement peu exploré dans une perspective interdisciplinaire par les études récentes menées sur la mer : la notion d’Anthropocène. L’objectif du colloque était donc d’ouvrir frontalement ce débat, en interrogeant le caractère tardif et relativement marginal de son application à la mer, et en précisant les façons dont ces mers anthropocéniques se déclinent dans l’histoire environnementale, l’anthropologie, l’histoire de l’art, l’art plastique ou les sciences politiques. Nous présentons dans ce compte rendu le contexte scientifique qui a stimulé cet évènement, l’apport de chacune des communications ainsi que les principales pistes de réflexion ouvertes par les débats.
Thymol and Piperine-Loaded Poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)
Nanoparticles Modulate Inflammatory Mediators and Apoptosis in Murine
Macrophages
Authors: Dzoyem Jean Paul , Boulens Nathalie , Allémann Eric , Delie Florence 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study aimed at preparing and characterizing thymol, eugenol, and
piperine-loaded poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles and
evaluating the effect on inflammatory mediators secretion and apoptosis in Raw
264.7 macrophage cells. Nanoparticles were produced by the solvent evaporation
technique. Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy were used
to study the physicochemical characteristics. Raw 264.7 macrophage cells were
used as a model for in vitro assays. The
2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium assay
was used to determine the cytotoxicity of the formulated nanoparticles. An
annexin V apoptosis detection kit was used to assess apoptosis. Nitric oxide
production was determined using the Griess reagent, and the inflammatory
mediators level was evaluated with Th1/Th2 cytokine and fluorometric
cyclooxygenase kits. The loaded nanoparticles showed a particle size around
190 nm with a low polydispersity between 0.069 and 0.104 and a zeta
potential between–1.2 and–9.5 mV. Reduced cytotoxicity
of nanoparticles compared to free molecules against Raw 264.7 macrophage cells
was observed and seemed to occur through a mechanism associated with apoptosis.
A decrease in cyclooxygenase enzyme activity with an increasing concentration
was observed. Both free molecules and nanoparticles showed their capacity to
modulate the inflammatory process mostly by inhibiting the investigated
inflammatory cytokines. The data presented in this study indicate that thymol
and piperine-loaded poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles could
serve as a novel anti-inflammatory colloidal drug delivery system with reduced
toxicity. However, further study should be considered to optimize the
formulation’s loading capacity and thereby probably enhance their
bioactivity in treating inflammatory diseases.
Gesundheitskompetenz in Deutschland vor und während der
Corona-Pandemie
Authors: Schaeffer Doris , Klinger Julia , Berens Eva-Maria , Gille Svea , Griese Lennert , Vogt Dominique , Hurrelmann Klaus 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Im Mittelpunkt des Artikels stehen neue Befunde zur
Gesundheitskompetenz (GK), die einen Vergleich der GK der Bevölkerung in
Deutschland vor dem Ausbruch der Corona-Pandemie und während ihres
Anhaltens ermöglichen. Verglichen werden die allgemeine und die digitale
GK. Daneben werden Veränderungen der GK in unterschiedlichen
Bevölkerungsgruppen untersucht.
Methodik Die Analysen basieren auf
bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Querschnittsdaten, die
2019/2020 vor und 2020 während der Pandemie erhoben wurden.
Dabei kam ein international weiterentwickelter und abgestimmter Fragebogen
(HLS19) zur Messung der GK zum Einsatz, in dem erstmals in diesem
Kontext auch die digitale GK in Deutschland erhoben wurde.
Verände-rungen in den Gruppen wurden bivariat analysiert.
Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die GK der Bevölkerung
in Deutschland während der Pandemie gegenüber der Zeit davor
tendenziell verbessert hat. Dieser Effekt ist besonders bei der Beurteilung von
Gesundheitsinformationen und der digitalen GK zu sehen. Er ist bei Frauen,
Menschen mit niedriger und mittlerer Bildung, jüngeren
Bevölkerungsgruppen und Personen mit eigener Migrationserfahrung
besonders stark ausgeprägt. Bei älteren Personen ist keine
Veränderung zu verzeichnen und bei Personen mit mehreren chronischen
Erkrankungen weisen die Ergebnisse sogar auf eine Verschlechterung hin.
Schlussfolgerung Die systematische Auseinandersetzung mit den klar
strukturierten, häufig wiederholten Gesundheitsinformationen
während der Corona-Pandemie hat in Deutschland offenbar dazu
geführt, dass sich die Gesundheitskompetenz verbessert hat und der
Umgang mit gesundheitsbezogenen Informationen subjektiv als weniger schwierig
eingeschätzt wird. Vor allem die Kompetenz zum Umgang mit digitalen
Informationen ist gestiegen. Dabei gibt es teils große Unterschiede
zwischen den einzelnen Bevölkerungsgruppen.
3D MRI in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Oei Edwin H.G. , van Zadelhoff Tijmen A. , Eijgenraam Susanne M. , Klein Stefan , Hirvasniemi Jukka , van der Heijden Rianne A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is among the top 10 burdensome diseases, with the knee the most affected joint. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows whole-knee assessment, making it ideally suited for imaging OA, considered a multitissue disease. Three-dimensional (3D) MRI enables the comprehensive assessment of OA, including quantitative morphometry of various joint tissues. Manual tissue segmentation on 3D MRI is challenging but may be overcome by advanced automated image analysis methods including artificial intelligence (AI). This review presents examples of the utility of 3D MRI for knee OA, focusing on the articular cartilage, bone, meniscus, synovium, and infrapatellar fat pad, and it highlights several applications of AI that facilitate segmentation, lesion detection, and disease classification.
Expectant Versus Interventionist Care in the Management of Severe Preeclampsia Remote from Term: A Systematic Review
Authors: Quintero-Ortíz María Andrea , Grillo-Ardila Carlos Fernando , Amaya-Guio Jairo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective To compare the effects of expectant versus interventionist care in the management of pregnant women with severe preeclampsia remote from term.
Data sources An electronic search was conducted in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS, for its Spanish acronym), World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO-ICTRP), and OpenGrey databases. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO, for its French acronym), Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG), American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), and Colombian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (CJOG) websites were searched for conference proceedings, without language restrictions, up to March 25, 2020.
Selection of studies Randomized clinical trials (RCTs), and non-randomized controlled studies (NRSs) were included. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to evaluate the quality of the evidence.
Data collection Studies were independently assessed for inclusion criteria, data extraction, and risk of bias. Disagreements were resolved by consensus.
Data synthesis Four RCTs and six NRS were included. Low-quality evidence from the RCTs showed that expectant care may result in a lower incidence of appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration (Apgar) scores < 7 at 5 minutes (risk ratio [RR]: 0.48; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.23%to 0.99) and a higher average birth weight (mean difference [MD]: 254.7 g; 95%CI: 98.5 g to 410.9 g). Very low quality evidence from the NRSs suggested that expectant care might decrease the rates of neonatal death (RR: 0.42; 95%CI 0.22 to 0.80), hyaline membrane disease (RR: 0.59; 95%CI: 0.40 to 0.87), and admission to neonatal care (RR: 0.73; 95%CI: 0.54 to 0.99). No maternal or fetal differences were found for other perinatal outcomes.
Conclusion Compared with interventionist management, expectant care may improve neonatal outcomes without increasing maternal morbidity and mortality.
Effect of Bidirectional Insertion of External Skeletal Fixation Pins on Axial Pullout Strength in Canine Cadaveric Bone
Authors: Park Jane , Dugat Danielle , Rochat Mark , Griffin Hall , Payton Mark E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bidirectional insertion on axial pullout strength of tapered run out (TRO), traditional negative profile (TNP) and positive profile (PP) pins.
Study Design Cadaveric adult canine tibiae were harvested. Tapered run out pins (Group 1) were inserted unidirectionally to the desired position; bidirectionally past the desired position, then withdrawn to the desired position (Group 2); and bidirectionally as described for Group 2, repeated twice (Group 3). Traditional negative profile pins (Group 4–6) and PP pins (Group 9–11) were placed in the same manner. Tapered run out (Group 7), TNP (Group 8) and PP pins (Group 12) were driven unidirectionally such that the shaft of the pin violated the cis-cortex. A servohydraulic testing machine extracted the pins and measured axial peak pullout strength.
Results Positive profile pins had significantly greater pullout strength than TRO and TNP pins placed unidirectionally to the desired position. Method of insertion had no effect on peak pullout strength of TNP pins. TRO and PP pins inserted unidirectionally to the desired position had significantly greater peak pullout strengths than insertion bidirectionally or if the shaft of the pin violated the cis-cortex.
Conclusion The authors recommend that pins used for external skeletal fixation should be placed unidirectionally to the desired position with fluoroscopic guidance, intra-operative depth gauge measurements or measurements from preoperative radiographs. Repositioning pins results in loss of peak pullout strength with TRO and PP pins.
Ki-67/MIB-1 and Recurrence in Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Tadokoro Kent , Wolf Colten , Toth Joseph , Joyce Cara , Singh Meharvan , Germanwala Anand , Patel Chirag 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objectives Ki-67/MIB-1 is a marker of cellular proliferation used as a pathological parameter in the clinical assessment of pituitary adenomas, where its expression has shown utility in predicting the invasiveness of these tumors. However, studies have shown variable results when using Ki-67/MIB-1 association with recurrence. The purpose of this study is to determine if a high Ki-67/MIB-1 labeling index (LI) is predictive of recurrence in pituitary adenomas.
Methods A retrospective chart review was performed for patients undergoing pituitary adenoma resection with at least 1 year of follow-up. Additionally, systematic data searches were performed and included studies that correlated recurrence rate to Ki-67/MIB-1 LI. Our institutional data were included in a synthesis with previously published data.
Results Our institutional review included 79 patients with a recurrence rate of 26.6%. We found that 8.8% of our patients had a high Ki-67/MIB-1 LI (>3%); however, high Ki-67/MIB-1 was not associated with recurrence. The systematic review identified 244 articles and 49 full-text articles that were assessed for eligibility. Quantitative analysis was performed on 30 articles including our institutional data and 18 studies reported recurrence by level of Ki-67/MIB-1 LI. Among studies that compared Ki-67/MIB-1 ≥3 vs. <3%, 10 studies reported odds ratios (OR) greater than 1 of which 6 were statistically significant. A high Ki-67/MIB-1 had higher odds of recurrence via the pooled odds ratio (OR = 4.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.31–7.42).
Conclusion This systematic review suggests that a high Ki-67/MIB-1 should prompt an increased duration of follow-up due to the higher odds of recurrence of pituitary adenoma.
Transposition and duplication of MADS-domain transcription factor genes in annual and perennial
Arabis
species modulates flowering
Authors: Madrid Eva , Severing Edouard , de Ansorena Elisa , Kiefer Christiane , Brand Luise , Martinez-Gallegos Rafael , Woetzel Stefan , Kemi Ulla , Jiao Wen-Biao , Schneeberger Korbinian , Coupland George 
Published: September 2021

Significance
Annual and perennial species differ in their timing and intensity of flowering, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We hybridized closely related annual and perennial plants and used genetics, transgenesis, and genomics to characterize differences in the activity and function of their flowering-time genes. We identify a gene encoding a transcription factor that moved between chromosomes and is retained in the annual but absent from the perennial. This gene strongly delays flowering, and we propose that it has been retained in the annual to compensate for reduced activity of closely related genes. This study highlights the value of using direct hybridization between closely related plant species to characterize functional differences in fast-evolving reproductive traits.