bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Megachip: An Advanced Packaging Solution for Chiplet Integration
Authors: Das Rabindra N. , Plant Jason , Ricci Matthew , Johnson Ryan , Juodawlkis Paul W. 
Published: February 2025

We present our development of a novel heterogeneous chip-tiling approach that enables the realization of extremely large-area integrated circuits (ELAICs) or “Megachips”- containing tens of closely spaced small chiplets that are interconnected via redistribution layers (RDLs) fabricated using a lithographic process on top of the tiled chiplets. The concept of the Megachip approach is to interconnect small specialized chiplets, into a large, single-chip-like monolithic integrated circuit. Multiple heterogeneous chiplets can be interconnected within layers that redistribute, or reroute, the electrical inputs and outputs (I/O) to enable chiplet-to-chiplet (C2C) communication. This architecture relies on chip-like electrical traces having narrow line width (~1-2 μm) and close C2C spacing (~5-20 μm) to achieve high I/O density, high bandwidth, and low-latency circuits. A Megachip has a chip-like silicon content (about 99%), allowing highly stable and inexpensive fabrication of a heterogeneous system-on-chip with chip-like wiring densities. Megachip tiling with mix-and-match die is well suited to meet the high-end electronics requirement of smaller form factors, higher performance, and increased packaging flexibility.
Measurement-based Characterization and Application of Low-Loss Dielectric Materials for Development of 6G Sub-THz Antennas
Authors: Ndip Ivan , Le Thi Huyen , Murugesan Kavin Senthil , Schneider Jens , Gerhold Lutz , Hichri Habib , Oishi Ryohei , Nakano Reki , Schneider-Ramelow Martin 
Published: February 2025

The development of high-frequency components for future 6G sub-terahertz (THz) systems is a challenging task, partly because of extremely high signal losses at sub-THz frequencies. This includes intra-system and inter-system losses. One way to overcome intra-system losses is to use packaging materials with smaller loss tangents (Df) for the development of 6G components. To overcome inter-system losses, high gain antennas and efficient power amplifiers are required to increase the equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP). However, these amplifiers generate heat, which may cause the values of the relative dielectric constant (Dk) and Df of the material to change with temperature. This change in Dk and Df values may degrade the performance of antennas and other components integrated in the vicinity of the amplifiers. Therefore, low-loss materials whose Dk and Df values do not fluctuate significantly with temperature are required for future 6G systems. In this paper, we present and illustrate methods for accurate extraction of the Dk and Df values of packaging materials at sub-THz frequencies, considering a low-loss Ajinomoto Build-up Film® (ABF) material as an example. The Dk and Df values of the non-metallized and metallized ABF material were extracted in the 140 GHz band using the Fabry-Pérot and planar resonator methods, respectively. Furthermore, temperature-dependent Dk and Df values of the ABF material were also extracted up to 100°C. Our results reveal that the Dk and Df values of this material are stable over a wide range of temperatures. Finally, we used the characterized low-loss ABF material to develop a 6G sub-THz antenna array. The 1x5 elements series-fed U-slot patch antenna array was designed, fabricated and measured in the 140 GHz band. A large impedance bandwidth and high peak gain of approximately 15 GHz and 12 dBi respectively, were measured. Excellent correlation was obtained between measurement and simulation results.
Recent Advances and Perspectives of Atherosclerotic Occlusive Disease
Authors: Karrar Hani Raka , Nouh Mahmoud Ismail , Alnami Amnah Alhassan , Alrasheedi Bashayr Eid , Alrwilli Shuaa Rakan , Durbashi Najwa Ahmed , Baghlaf Lujain Badr , AlGhamdi Ahmed Jamaan , Otayn Zakaria Yahya , Aowaiwi Waad Fareed H. , Alghamdi Khalid Saad S. , Aljohani Alwaleed Oudah Hamdan , Alzahrani Abdulrahman Saeed A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Atherosclerotic occlusive disease in developed nations, the primary causes of death and disability are atherosclerotic diseases, such as stroke and acute coronary syndromes. The most common acute vascular events are brought on by the rupture or erosion of hemodynamically insignificant atherosclerotic plaques. The most frequent cause of both carotid and coronary steno-occlusive disease is atherosclerosis. The atherosclerotic plaque starts progressing when the foam cells break down and release lipids into the extracellular space when the stimulus for atherogenesis is intensified. Thus, creating a lipid pool that is primarily acellular. At the same time, activated smooth muscle cells go into the intimal layer and multiply, dramatically improving their capacity to make collagen and maintain the fibrous cap. As the plaque thickens, its deeper layers may become hypoxic, causing angiogenesis and microvessel multiplication from the adventitial vasa vasorum. Since the middle of the 20th century, there have been significant drops in the incidence and mortality from ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke in high-income countries. Blood tests are typically performed to measure cholesterol and blood sugar levels and are used as diagnostic tests for atherosclerosis. Cardiograms and exercise stress tests are also used for diagnosis. Risk factors of atherosclerosis include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, obesity, diet, sedentary lifestyle, and high total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The cornerstones of managing atherosclerotic are still medical care and lifestyle changes. A growing number of atherosclerotic types can benefit greatly from endovascular therapy. When compared to normal surgical procedures, it is linked with much lower morbidity and mortality, as well as a quicker recovery time. This article aims to provide a brief introduction, risk factors, epidemiology, diagnostic tests, prevention, and good practice management advice for atherosclerosis.
Evaluating the efficacy of a smartphone application in reducing preoperative anxiety in children: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Pan Yiting , Wan Lichun , Xue Qineng , Ran Guo , Chen Kaizheng , Shen Xia 
Published: February 2025

Background and Aims:
Preoperative anxiety is a common issue in paediatric patients, which can negatively impact perioperative outcomes. While various interventions have been explored, the use of smartphone applications (apps) remains underinvestigated. This study aims to evaluate whether a specific smartphone app offering video-based tools can effectively alleviate perioperative anxiety in children.

Methods:
This study involved 104 children, aged 4–10 years, scheduled for otorhinolaryngology surgery, who were randomly allocated into two groups: Group C (standard care) and Group MP (provided with access to the smartphone app). Anxiety levels were evaluated at five specific time points using the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale-Short Form: during the pre-anaesthesia consultation on the day before surgery, upon arrival in the preoperative holding area, at the moment of parental separation when transitioning to the operating room, after entering the operating room and immediately before anaesthesia induction. Guardian anxiety was assessed at the first three time points using a visual analogue scale to better understand family dynamics during the perioperative period. In addition, the cooperation of paediatric patients during mask induction for anaesthesia was evaluated.

Results:
Compared to the Group C, children in Group MP showed significantly reduced anxiety levels before anaesthesia induction (median: 34.4 versus 57.3, P = 0.012). The anxiety level of the guardian at separation was lower in Group MP (median: 3.0 versus 5.0, P = 0.013). Patients also showed improved cooperation during mask induction for anaesthesia (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
A smartphone app with video tools may effectively reduce perioperative anxiety in children and their guardians and enhance their cooperation during mask induction for anaesthesia.
Comparison of WALA Ridge and Dental Arch Dimension Changes Before, after, and 1-year Postorthodontic Treatment in Skeletal and Dental Class I, Class II, and Class III Malocclusion – A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ramachandran Uma Maheswari , Suresh Krishna Priyaa , Jeyaram S. Vinith 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives:
The objective is to evaluate the dental arch and WALA ridge dimension in adults with skeletal and dental Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions before (To), after (T1), and 1 year after (T2) orthodontic treatment, and to establish whether there was a correlation between them.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective study that evaluated pretreatment, posttreatment, and 1-year posttreatment cast records of 60 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria was conducted. Measurements were assessed using digital Vernier calipers.

Results:
The mean difference of 2.98 ± 1.32 mm and 2.26 ± 1.54 mm at the inter-first premolar arch width at the cusp point in Class I and III malocclusion, respectively, showed high statistical significance. The mean difference of 1.93 ± 1.21 mm and 1.83 ± 1.25 mm at the inter-first premolar arch width at the buccal axis point in Class II and III malocclusion, respectively, showed high statistical significance. A strong positive correlation between the dental arch and the WALA ridge was evident. A medium positive correlation was noted in the inter-arch width of the first premolar between extraction and nonextraction mechanotherapy.

Conclusion:
There was a significant difference in the inter-arch width of canines, bicuspids, and the first molar in posttreatment. WALA ridge is a defendable landmark for the customization of archwires in the lower arch to maintain a stable position in the postretention period.
PENGEMBANGAN AKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA KONTEKSTUAL (GUNUNG MERAPI) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN GOOGLE EARTH
Authors: Kinanti Theresia Restu , Gunardi Devina Pratmasari , Rudhito Marcellinus Andy 
Published: February 2025

Pembelajaran matematika adalah suatu langkah pembelajaran yang dikemas dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar mencakup konsep dan materi matematika. Salah satu cara dalam mengaktifkan siswa adalah dengan memberikan pemahaman konsep matematika melalui pembelajaran kontekstual yang melibatkan kehidupan sehari-hari. Pembelajaran kontekstual melalui Gunung Merapi dapat menjadi pendekatan yang menarik dan relevan bagi siswa. Salah satu media pembelajaran yang digunakan adalah menggunakan Google Earth. Tujuan kajian ini adalah mengembangkan aktivitas pembelajaran kontekstual melalui konteks Gunung Merapi yang dapat optimalkan kemampuan siswa untuk berfikir kritis saat belajar matematika menggunakan Google Earth, serta mengetahui validasi atau evaluasi hasil pengembangan aktivitas pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan model ADDIE yang mencakup Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Hasil kajian ini, pembangunan aktivitas pembelajaran matematika kontekstual (gunung merapi) menggunakan Google Earth. Dalam materi geometri, luas permukaan dan volume sisi lengkung khususnya kerucut kelas IX (sembilan). Pengembangan ini dapat dikategorikan valid atau layak diterapkan pada pembelajaran untuk mengoptimalkan berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran matematika berbasis Google Earth.AbstractMathematics learning is a learning step that is packaged in teaching and learning activities including mathematical concepts and materials. One way to activate students is to provide an understanding of mathematical concepts through contextual learning that involves everyday life. Contextual learning through Mount Merapi can be an interesting and relevant approach for students. One of the learning media used is using Google Earth. The purpose of this study is to develop contextual learning activities through the context of Mount Merapi that can optimize students' ability to think critically when learning mathematics using Google Earth, as well as to find out the validation or evaluation of the results of the development of learning activities. This study uses the ADDIE model which includes Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The results of this study, the development of contextual mathematics learning activities (Mount Merapi) using Google Earth. In geometry material, surface area and volume of curved sides, especially cones, class IX (nine). This development can be categorized as valid or feasible to be applied to learning to optimize critical thinking in mathematics learning based on Google Earth.
Направления улучшения взаимодействия участников инвестиционного процесса муниципального образования на примере муниципального образования Абинский район
Authors: Левочкина Д.С. , Булгаров М.А. 
Published: February 2025

Одна из важнейших задач, стоящих перед органами государственной власти и местного самоуправления Российской Федерации на современном этапе, заключается в создании необходимых условий для интенсификации экономического роста, повышения качества жизни населения страны. На местном уровне это выражается в обеспечении комплексного социально-экономического развития каждого поселения, что неразрывно связано с эффективным управлением инвестиционными процессами органами местного самоуправления на подведомственной территории.
One of the most important tasks facing state authorities and local self-government of the Russian Federation at the present stage is to create the necessary conditions for intensifying economic growth and improving the quality of life of the country’s population. At the local level, this is expressed in ensuring the comprehensive socio-economic development of each settlement, which is inextricably linked with the effective management of investment processes by local governments in the territory under their jurisdiction.
Российско-китайское сотрудничество в экономической и финансовой сфере
Authors: Лю С. , Сунь С. , Ло Ц. , Юань Ч. , Ван Си. 
Published: February 2025

В статье исследуются ключевые аспекты российско-китайского экономического сотрудничества в области финансовых технологий и «зеленого» финансирования в контексте современных геополитических вызовов. Анализируются основные направления взаимодействия стран, включая интеграцию платежных систем, развитие альтернативных механизмов международных расчетов и формирование инфраструктуры для «зеленых» инвестиций. Особое внимание уделяется совместным инициативам в сфере цифровых валют центральных банков и проектам устойчивого развития. Рассматриваются перспективы углубления сотрудничества в контексте инициативы «Один пояс, один путь» и ЕАЭС. Выявлены основные факторы, определяющие заинтересованность обеих стран в развитии партнерства, включая необходимость создания независимой финансовой инфраструктуры и достижение целей устойчивого развития. На основе анализа текущих проектов и институциональных механизмов взаимодействия определены ключевые направления дальнейшего развития двустороннего сотрудничества.
The article explores key aspects of Russian-Chinese economic cooperation in the field of financial technologies and green finance in the context of modern geopolitical challenges. The article analyses the main directions of interaction between the countries, including integration of payment systems, development of alternative mechanisms of international settlements and formation of infrastructure for ‘green’ investments. Special attention is paid to joint initiatives in the field of central bank digital currencies and sustainable development projects. Prospects for deepening cooperation in the context of the ‘One Belt, One Road’ initiative and the EAEU are considered. The main factors determining the interest of both countries in developing the partnership are identified, including the need to create an independent financial infrastructure and to achieve sustainable development goals. Based on the analysis of current projects and institutional mechanisms of interaction, the key directions of further development of bilateral cooperation are identified.
Integrating Hypermedia in Instruction of Social Studies and its Effect on Performance among Primary School Pupils
Authors: Kioko Wambua P. , Kariuki Moses G. , Kiio Mueni N. 
Published: February 2025

This study was done to establish the effects of integrating hypermedia in instruction among primary school pupils. The study adopted a quasi-experimental research design. The target population was two thousand four hundred and seventy-eight class seven pupils, one hundred and sixty-four teachers of Social Studies in eighty-three diverse primary schools in Kibwezi Sub County. The study used four schools in the experimental group and four other schools in control group. Each school had a representation of forty-five learners. The sample size was three hundred and sixty learners and thirty-two teachers which were purposively selected. Data was analyzed using t-tests and results were presented using tables. The2 results on academic achievements of learners in3pre-test and post-tests in4theeexperimental groups were as follows: for pre-test (M = 7.272, SD = 8.364) while for post-test (M = 14.939, SD = 38.825) with t-test score of (t [146] = -21.581, p=2.86E-47). The results indicated a significant difference in academic achievements. The findings showed that incorporation of hypermedia in instruction of peace and conflict resolution topic in social studies was effective and learners enjoyed interacting with the technology hence there was a significant difference in academic performance in social studies among the experimental group category as compared to control group. Based on the findings, Integration of Hypermedia in instruction of Social Studies has a positive impact on academic achievement of pupils. The study recommended that; government should incorporate a policy for hypermedia integration in instruction in all subjects in order to improve the general academic performance of learners in all levels.
Visualizing Taxonomic Reasoning: Casta Paintings and the Hierarchization of Bodily Differences
Authors: Arcila-Valenzuela Migdalia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article delves into the intricacies of casta paintings, particularly focusing on the anonymous eighteenth-century work, Las Castas, produced in Mexico. Las Castas serves as a testimony to the complexities of colonial racialized subjectivity. More precisely, Las Castas presents us with a depiction of mestizaje as a rigid system of social stratification, with black individuals occupying a predetermined and inescapable role. The article introduces the irreversibility thesis, challenging prevailing notions of the race mixing process (mestizaje) in colonial Latin America, and asserting that being of black descent, contrary to being of indigenous and Spaniard descent (mestizo), was considered an irreversible stain determining one’s social position within the mestizaje process. This article explores the genre of casta paintings as a colonial artifact and highlights the complexities inherent in colonial subjectivity through a taxonomic visual epistemology lens.
Better regulation by standards? Harmonized technical standards, transparency, and the rule of law
Authors: Davies Zachariah , Van Waeyenberge Arnaud 
Published: February 2025

p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
normal;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"font face="TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT, serif"This article outlines the characteristics and latest developments of the EU standardization system and analyses recent case law, particularly the Malamud case (Case C-588/21P). It then considers the future of this innovative governance system.The authors argue that, in view of the use of harmonized technical standards in areas with considerable potential societal impact (such as the Artificial Intelligence Act), and the fact that harmonized technical standards are now considered to form part of EU law, certain changes to the EU standardization system are required in order for harmonized technical standards to fully comply with the requirements inherent to the rule of law. The authors propose targeted improvements to the EU standardization system that aim for progressive and evolutionary improvement as opposed to a complete overhaul. The focus of these proposals is on retaining the system’s core philosophy and dynamics while addressing its weaknesses in transparency, accountability, and governance. /font
State-of-the-art strategy in machine learning for credit card fraud detection
Authors:   4] B. Tech Student, 5Assistant Professor, LIET  [1,2,3,4,5] Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Lendi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vizianagaram, Vyshnav K. Jyothsna 
Published: February 2025

People can use credit cards for online transactions as it provides an efficient and easy-to-use facility. With the increase in usage of credit cards, the capacity of credit card misuse has also enhanced. Credit card frauds cause significant financial losses for both credit card holders and financial companies. In this research study, the main aim is to detect such frauds, including the accessibility of public data, high-class imbalance data, the changes in fraud nature, and high rates of false alarm. The main focus has been to apply the recent development of machine learning algorithms for this purpose. Comparative analysis of machine learning algorithms was performed to find efficient outcomes. A comprehensive empirical analysis has been carried out by applying variations in the number of hidden layers, epochs and applying the latest models.

Key Words: Credit Card Fraud, Machine Learning, Fraud Detection, Algorithm Comparison, Financial Security
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES PARA O LETRAMENTO DIGITAL NA REDE ESTADUAL DE ENSINO DO AMAZONAS
Authors: De Araujo Carla Valentim Baraúna , de Souza Ana Cláudia Ribeiro 
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir os dados de um estudo sobre a formação continuada de professores para o letramento digital na rede estadual de ensino do Amazonas, ofertada pela Secretaria de Educação e Desporto Escolar (SEDUC/AM) por meio do Centro de Formação Profissional Padre José Anchieta (CEPAN), no período de 2018 a 2020. Para tanto, foi utilizada como metodologia a pesquisa qualitativa, baseada em Creswel (2007). A avaliação da formação foi baseada no modelo de Kirkpatrick (2006) que consiste em quatro níveis: reação, aprendizagem, comportamento e resultados. Nessa pesquisa foi considerado o primeiro nível “reação” verificando os critérios de coerência, conformidade, eficácia e eficiência. Os resultados mostraram que a oferta de formação continuada aos professores contribuiu para sua prática docente, porém ainda existem lacunas no processo formativo para que os docentes utilizem as tecnologias dentro de uma compreensão crítica considerando suas implicações sociais, éticas e cognitivas, além de desenvolver habilidades de interpretar, produzir e avaliar informações digitais. Espera-se que a pesquisa traga contribuições significativas para a área de ensino, com foco em uma prática educativa inovadora e alinhada às demandas contemporâneas. Portanto, enquanto Centro de Formação, o CEPAN precisa considerar os pontos de atenção e as possibilidades de melhorias para planejamento das formações futuras.