bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic placement of Wallenia, Vegaea, and Solonia (Primulaceae: Myrsinoideae), three genera endemic to the Caribbean Islands
Authors: Flickinger Jonathan A. , Campbell Keron C. St. E. , Commock Tracy , Jiménez‐Rodríguez Francisco , Prieto Ramona Oviedo , Santiago‐Valentín Eugenio , Jestrow Brett 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPrimulaceae subfam. Myrsinoideae are a diverse group of flowering plants that includes three genera endemic to the Caribbean Islands (Wallenia, Vegaea, Solonia) within a mostly woody and tropical clade characterized by drupaceous fruits. A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis based on ITS and trnL‐trnF DNA sequence data from 50 taxa of Myrsinoideae, emphasizing Neotropical species, was conducted to place four species from each of the two subgenera of Wallenia and the monotypic genera Vegaea and Solonia in a phylogenetic context. Several clades of drupaceous‐fruited Myrsinoideae are recovered, which are comparable to those of previous studies. Wallenia is polyphyletic, with the species of W. subg. Wallenia and W. subg. Homowallenia plus Vegaea forming separate clades. Wallenia subg. Wallenia and Solonia appear in a clade of Caribbean species within the New World Ardisioids that includes the type of Ardisia, while W. subg. Homowallenia and Vegaea, the former paraphyletic with respect to the latter, occur in an unresolved position among the Myrsinoid genera. The foliar anatomy of four investigated species representing Ardisia, W. subg. Wallenia, W. subg. Homowallenia, and Vegaea differs in a manner that parallels the phylogenetic results in that the abundance of fibers, mesophyll structure, predominant type of crystal, stomatal type, and strength of reaction with iodine‐potassium iodide are similar for Ardisia and W. subg. Wallenia on the one hand and W. subg. Homowallenia and Vegaea on the other. Variation in the distribution of granular trichomes on the inner surface of the corolla and the extent of corolla fusion and sexual dimorphism is evident in flowers of three investigated species of W. subg. Homowallenia. The problem of the limits of Ardisia in the Neotropics and the affinity of the Homowallenia‐Vegaea clade to Cybianthus are discussed in light of the present results. The species of W. subg. Wallenia and Solonia are transferred to Ardisia, and the species of W. subg. Homowallenia are transferred to an expanded Vegaea. Twenty‐three new combinations and eight new names are proposed to effect the taxonomic changes. Twenty‐four lectotypes, one neotype, and a type for W. subg. Homowallenia are designated. This study contributes to the systematics of Myrsinoideae while reducing the number of genera endemic to the Caribbean Islands by two.
When a monolingual science teacher and multilingual girls engage in science sensemaking through translanguaging: A pedagogical practice, disciplinary tool, and dignity‐affirming stance
Authors: Kayumova Shakhnoza , Harper Akira , Stronach Rachel L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMultilingual youth, from nondominant communities, are often denied critical opportunities for engagement in robust sensemaking due to deficit‐based perspectives and linguistic hierarchies. To advance equity, it is important to recognize all youth as epistemic agents and facilitate opportunities to take on intellectual positions. Drawing on translanguaging theory and critical sociocultural learning perspectives, we examine how a monolingual science teacher employed translanguaging as a dignity‐affirming stance, pedagogical practice, and disciplinary tool, providing multilingual girls with intellectual positions to engage in robust sensemaking. Using video‐interactional analysis, we explore a case of sophisticated sensemaking orchestrated by the teacher's discursive and embodied moves, following the girls' translanguaging practices and disciplinary ideas. Our findings demonstrate how a teacher's translanguaging stance, enacted as a pedagogical practice and disciplinary tool, supported him in developing interpretive power, revealing the multilingual girls' social, cognitive, and communicative brilliances.
Younger age as an independent factor for second primary head and neck cancer in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients after curative esophagectomy: A two‐center retrospective study
Authors: Tsai Ping‐Chung , Hung Ting‐Chun , Liu Chia , Hsu Po‐Kuei , Tseng Yen‐Chiang , Goan Yih‐Gang , Tang En‐Kuei , Hsu Han‐Shui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative survival of esophageal cancer patients has improved with advances in technology and treatment modalities. However, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) often affects the esophagus together with the head and neck regions, with second primary head and neck cancer (SPHNC) adversely influencing the patients' quality of life. Therefore, patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) should be carefully followed up postoperatively. This study evaluated the risk of developing SPHNCs after an esophagectomy for ESCC.MethodsPatients with ESCC who underwent curative esophagectomy from January 2008 to December 2017 from two tertiary medical centers, Taipei Veteran General Hospital and Kaohsiung Veteran General Hospital, were retrospectively reviewed. SPHNC development was documented according to the anatomic region and the cumulative incidence rate and risk factors were analyzed.ResultsThe median follow‐up period of the 435 patients included in our study was 48.5 months [interquartile range (IQR) 16.7–92.4 months]. Among the ESCC patients after curative esophagectomy, younger age <50 [hazard ratio 4.13, 95% CI: 2.53–6.75, p < 0.001) was the only independent factor for developing SPHNCs in the multivariable analysis. The cumulative incidence rate of SPHNCs of patients aged <50 years old was 14.3%, 22.1%, and 34.2% after 3, 5, and 10 years, respectively.ConclusionsThere was a high risk of secondary cancer after ESCC in the upper aerodigestive tract, especially the head and neck regions; therefore, active surveillance is strongly recommended, especially in younger patients.
Vocational Pathways in and for the Integration of At-Risk Youth: Concepts, Theoretical Framework and Research Methodology
Authors: Tikkanen Tarja , Ümarik Meril , Loogma Krista 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter introduces the main parameters of the study, as well as the rationale, purpose and objectives of the book. It also presents an overview of the social and institutional context of the research topic, empowerment of at-risk VET students. We highlight the state of the art and current limitations of research on vocational integration and empowerment of at-risk youth in VET and working life. We also introduce the key concepts of our study, and the main theoretical frameworks applied, the socio-ecological approach and the resiliency or protective process approach, addressing also critical accounts to VET when it comes to students who are at-risk of social exclusion and marginalization. Further, the chapter describes our research methodology built on mixed methods design, closing with brief introductions to the book chapters.
Vocational Pathway to Empowerment for At-Risk Youth in Lithuania—A Typical Case of Neoliberal Reforms?
Authors: Tūtlys Vidmantas , Kaminskienė Lina , Daukilas Sigitas , Gedvilienė Genutė , Vaitkutė Lina 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe focus of this chapter is on the critical analysis and review of the implications of the institutional, procedural and curricular reforms of VET provision for their potential to empower socially vulnerable youth in Lithuania. Particular attention is paid to the shifts of the VET policy and the reform goals between the social integration and development of human capital according to business needs and the implications of such double orientation for the potential of VET schools to facilitate vocational and labour market integration of socially vulnerable youth. The chapter presents the findings of the qualitative study carried out in the VET schools of Lithuania through interviewing vulnerable VET students and teaching staff. This research discloses various supportive and hindering factors which affect the empowerment of these vulnerable VET students.
Social Ecology of Youth in Drop Out Risk from Initial Vocational Education: The Case of Estonia
Authors: Loogma Krista , Bentsalo Inna , Ümarik Meril , Väljataga Terje 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter presents the Estonian case to analyse the social ecology of the development of students in the case of the risk of dropping out from IVET (Initial Vocational Education and Training). The persistence of the interrelated problems, such as early school-leaving and drop out from vocational education, leaving education without qualifications, being vulnerable in the labour market and the risk of social exclusion, refer to the existence of a “wicked” or complex set of interrelated problems that are approached from the perspective of social ecology. Two key aspects of social ecology are discussed: the main institutional developments of the Estonian VET system with a specific emphasis on the institutional and macro-contextual factors that could affect vulnerable youth groups in VET, and the micro-level empirical research to better understand the proximal processes of learning and development of students that risk drop-out. The sample of students interviewed consisted of 20 students (14 female and 6 male) aged between 16 and 22 years, from different vocational schools and regions in Estonia and studying different specialities. The empirical analysis identified three clusters of students, representing three separate ecologies of vulnerable students. The ecologies reflect the different experiences in getting help, or not, in the surrounding environment, in the case of emerging problems, and the consequences of their self-agency capacities and their perspectives for their future life.
Educational Learning Labs for Empowering Educators and Promoting the Social Inclusion of Vulnerable Youth in VET
Authors: Ümarik Meril , Väljataga Terje , Moen Vegard , Tūtlys Vidmantas , Bruin Marieke , Bentsalo Inna , Loogma Krista 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter discusses the results of the final stage of the EmpowerVET project research—the five educational interventions conducted in Estonia, Norway and Lithuania. These educational intervention studies were targeted at VET teaching staff and have followed the Educational Learning Lab Model characterized by the co-creation between researchers and vocational teachers and workplace training instructors, aimed to promote ownership of the changes, adoption, and sustainability of pedagogical innovations. The results of the five intervention studies have enabled us to make conclusions and suggest some critical points to consider when planning and implementing future educational interventions.
Conclusions, and the Implications for Research and Practice
Authors: Tūtlys Vidmantas , Tikkanen Tarja , Ümarik Meril , Sloka Biruta 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter outlines and discusses the main research findings by triangulating them based on the personal strategies of socially vulnerable VET students, the pathways of empowerment provided by the VET systems and the capacities of VET schools. It also provides insights into their implications for VET research and practice, as well as suggestions for future research in the field of empowerment for vulnerable VET students.
Economic evaluation of critically ill adult CAR-T cell recipients—analysis from a healthcare payer perspective
Authors: Roedl Kevin , Ahmadi Paymon , Essmann Sonja , Aamir Sarosh , Haar Markus , Ayuk Francis , Karagiannis Panagiotis , Kröger Nicolaus , Kluge Stefan , Wichmann Dominic 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
CAR-T cell (chimeric antigen receptor T) therapy is now part of standard of care treatment of B‑cell lineage malignancies. Although it is an effective treatment, it comes along with adverse side effects and toxicities that may require intensive care therapy. The costs related to critical care therapy in critically ill patients after CAR‑T administration have not been evaluated.

Patients and methods
Retrospective analysis of all patients who had received CAR‑T therapy and were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care university medical centre in Germany between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2022. Cause of admission and ICU therapy as well as treatment and total hospitals costs were evaluated.

Results
Thirty patients with a history of CAR-T cell therapy for underlying haematological malignancy were included. The median age of all patients was 60 years (interquartile range [IQR] 50–70) and 37% (n = 11) were female. 93% (n = 28) of patients had non-Hodgkin lymphoma and 7% (n = 2) had multiple myeloma. The cohort was stratified whether the ICU admission was CAR‑T therapy related (i.e. within 30 days after CAR‑T therapy; 73%, n = 22) or the admission was of an other cause (> 30 days after CAR‑T therapy) (27%, n = 8). The median duration from CAR‑T therapy to ICU admission was 6 (range 5–8) days in CAR-T cell therapy associated ICU admissions compared with 52 (range 31–126) days in other admissions. The overall illness severity on admission was numerically higher in CAR-T-related ICU admission compared to other admissions (46 vs. 43 points, p = 0.18). Vasopressor therapy (50% vs. 75%; p = 0.19), invasive mechanical ventilation (27% vs. 50%; p = 0.24) and renal replacement therapy (14% vs. 50%; p < 0.05) were used in CAR-T-associated admission compared to other admissions, respectively. The ICU mortality (23% vs. 50%; p = 0.15) was higher in patients with other ICU admission. Median total costs of the entire inpatient stay in hospital were € 27,845 (range 8661–368,286 €) in CAR-T-associated ICU admissions compared to € 59,234 (range 23,182–127,044 €) in the group of other ICU admissions (costs of the CAR‑T product not included).

Conclusion
In relation to the total costs of CAR-T-cell therapy (production of the CAR‑T product), therapy-associated complications have a relatively low impact on the costs and utilization of ICU resources.
Telemedizin und KI-gestützte Diagnostik im Alltag der Viszeralmedizin
Authors: Grade Matthias , Uslar Verena 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die Fortschritte von Augmented (AR) und Virtual Reality (VR) in der Telemedizin sind rasant. Eine über die Distanz verfügbare AR konnte beispielsweise bereits erfolgreich in der Krisenintervention, z. B. in Kriegsgebieten, eingesetzt werden. Vielversprechend erscheinen die Potenziale der Telemedizin auch in strukturschwachen Gebieten oder in der Hinzuschaltung von Expertinnen oder Experten in Notaufnahmesituationen. Der Einsatz von Avataren in der Telemedizin bedarf noch weiterer Forschung und Entwicklung, um das Gefühl der Präsenz zu verbessern und damit die Akzeptanz zu erhöhen. Künstliche Intelligenz in der Endoskopie v. a. in der Koloskopie ist bereits in vielen gastroenterologischen Abteilungen gelebte tägliche Praxis. Über eine erhöhte Adenomdetektionsrate (ADR) ist der Benefit klar belegt. Studien konnten zudem eine im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe erhöhte Detektionsrate für sessile serratierte Adenome (SSA) und eine signifikant erhöhte Rate an dysplastischen Barrett-Arealen im oberen Gastrointestinal(GI)-Trakt (eventuelle Barrett-Karzinome) zeigen.
Effects of tannin-geopolymer impregnation on wood: leachability, biodegradation resistance and mechanical properties
Authors: López-Gómez Yeray Manuel , Barbero-López Aitor , Suvanto Sari , Venäläinen Martti , Haapala Antti 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Geopolymers have elicited significant attention in the field of construction and building materials due to their enhanced durability, physical load-bearing ability and chemical resistance. This study investigates the effects of geopolymer impregnation on wood, together with commercial tannin-rich bark extract Colatan GT10, which, by itself, preserves wood against decay but leaches out once the wood is exposed to water. The efficacy of the treatments is evaluated through attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR FTIR) spectroscopy, mechanical testing, decay resistance assessment (EN 113) and leachability analysis (EN 84). The results showed that the two-step tannin-geopolymer impregnation improved the durability of wood against wood decay fungi. The mechanical properties of the treated wood specimen were not different from that of the untreated controls, and the performance of the treated wood specimen was retained after the leaching test. The FTIR revealed that the absorbance of tannin at 10 and 5% treatments was reduced after leaching, indicating the leachability of tannin. The combination of tannin at 5% with subsequent geopolymer at 4% treatment yielded the best performance, showing no significant change in absorbance before and after the leaching test. Overall, this study highlights the potential of combining tannin and geopolymer impregnation treatments to enhance the performance of wood in terms of fixation, leachability and wood decay resistance. These findings contribute to the development of a durable wood material for various applications, such as outdoor construction, where resistance to decay is a critical factor.
$$n\mathbb {Z}$$-cluster tilting subcategories for Nakayama algebras
Authors: Herschend Martin , Kvamme Sondre , Vaso Laertis 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

$$n\mathbb {Z}$$

n
Z

-cluster tilting subcategories are an ideal setting for higher dimensional Auslander–Reiten theory. We give a complete classification of

$$n\mathbb {Z}$$

n
Z

-cluster tilting subcategories of module categories of Nakayama algebras given by quivers with relations. In particular, we show that there are three kinds of Nakayama algebras that admit

$$n\mathbb {Z}$$

n
Z

-cluster tilting subcategories: finite global dimension, selfinjective and non-Iwanaga–Gorenstein. Only the selfinjective ones can admit more than one

$$n\mathbb {Z}$$

n
Z

-cluster tilting subcategory. It has been shown by the second author, that each such

$$n\mathbb {Z}$$

n
Z

-cluster tilting subcategory induces an

$$n\mathbb {Z}$$

n
Z

-cluster tilting subcategory of the corresponding singularity category. For each Nakayama algebra in our classification, we describe its singularity category, the canonical functor from its module category to its singularity category, and provide a complete comparison of

$$n\mathbb {Z}$$

n
Z

-cluster tilting subcategories in the module category and the singularity category. This relies heavily on results by Shen, who described the singularity categories of all Nakayama algebras.
Age, growth, and intrinsic sensitivity of Endangered Spinetail Devil Ray (Mobula mobular) and Bentfin Devil Ray (M. thurstoni) in the Indian Ocean
Authors: Barrowclift Ellen , Temple Andrew J. , Pardo Sebastián A. , Khan Alexander M. A. , Razzaque Shoaib Abdul , Wambiji Nina , Ismail Mochamad Rudyansyah , Dewanti Lantun Paradhita , Berggren Per 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDevil rays (Mobula spp.) are caught in fisheries across the Indian Ocean, with reports of significant recent declines in catch and sightings. Globally, the few populations studied have extremely low population growth rates due to low fecundity and long reproductive cycles, making them highly vulnerable to overfishing. To allow for assessment of the current sustainability of devil ray catch in the Indian Ocean, we provide estimates of age using the caudal vertebrae; somatic growth using a Bayesian, multi-model approach; maximum intrinsic rate of population increase (rmax); and fishing mortality for Endangered Spinetail Devil Ray (Mobula mobular) and Bentfin Devil Ray (M. thurstoni) sampled from small-scale fisheries catch in Indonesia, Kenya, and Pakistan. The oldest individuals of Spinetail Devil Ray (n = 79) and Bentfin Devil Ray (n = 59) were 17.5 and six years, respectively. Both species had relatively low growth coefficients (k = 0.05 and g = 0.19 year−1, respectively), with the von Bertalanffy and logistic models providing the best fitting growth models, and low rmax (0.109 and 0.107 year−1, respectively) indicating that they are highly sensitive to overexploitation. Fishing mortality F estimates (0.16 and 0.18 year−1, respectively) were higher than rmax and exploitation ratio E (0.77 and 0.80, respectively) were higher than an optimum value of 0.5 for biological sustainability for both species, suggesting that the fisheries catches of the species are unsustainable. We demonstrate an approach to assess data-poor species and apply this to two Indian Ocean devil ray species. The results highlight the urgent need for better management actions to reduce the catch of all devil rays to prevent species extinction and aid in population recovery.
Wood fuel consumption in the city of Barcelona in the medieval and early modern periods. An overview based on archaeological wood charcoal analysis
Authors: Bianco Sabrina , Banks Philip , Allué Ethel , Picornell-Gelabert Llorenç , Miró Alaix Carme , Riera Mora Santiago 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWood fuel was essential for urban development in the Mediterranean area during the Middle Ages. Therefore, wood gathering practices and supply can be investigated through the study of wood-charcoal fragments obtained from urban archaeological contexts. This paper considers anthracological remains from 14 archaeological rescue-interventions in Barcelona (NE Iberia), to reconstruct the city’s wood-fuel usage from the 6th to the 17th century ce. The diachronic anthracological sequence, compared with a previous study of the Roman period, reveals significant changes in the city's energy supply and woodland impact over time. Between the 6th and 13th centuries ce, there was a reduction in Quercus ilex (holm oak) wood exploitation and an increase in the use of shrubby vegetation, due to oak woodland degradation, partly caused by agriculture and grazing expansion. The growing use of vine, olive and other fruit tree prunings during the Middle Ages indicates the spread of arboriculture in the Barcelona plain. Furthermore, despite local oak woodland regression, evergreen and deciduous oak wood usage increased from the 14th century onwards, due to fuel imports to meet the growing urban energy demands. Differences in fuel consumption among the city’s socio-economic sectors are discussed, revealing discrepancy between urban fuel and that used outside the city walls on the shore. Finally the fuel used in some urban productive activities is also examined, highlighting a heterogeneous range of solutions, based on local availability and convenience. Overall, this research provides the first extensive diachronic analysis of fuel consumption in a Mediterranean city, illustrating the importance of archaeobotany for understanding pre-industrial urban resource management.