bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flood debit analysis based on land use: A case of Batang Arau Watershed, Padang
Authors: Utama L , Amrizal  , Berd I , Zuherna  
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A flood may occur for both climatology and human action factors. The climatology factors can be in the form of land degradation, land-use changes, and population increase. The land-use changes can identify when there is a conversion of recharge area into a built area. The conversion may happen because there is potency for a flood area to transform into a place of cities development and settlements. When the population increases, space needed also enlarges. Consequently, the surface flow increase and can cause a flood. Padang - Indonesia, has high rainfall intensity around 3,329 to 4,296 mm/year, which results in a frequent flood. The worst flood occurred on 26 September 2018 and 2 November 2018, which washed away a bridge and caused a 3-meter high puddle. In analyzing those phenomena, this study applied a descriptive qualitative method. The image used in the map was analyzed with Argis X quantum program to get a flood-prone map. The rainfall was calculated by using methods of Thiesen, Gumbel, and Log Pearson III, while the debt calculated using the rational method. The difference debit between these was 42,030m3/second. The results, the amount of land used to discharge was higher than due to the rainfall.
Auditing carbon reduction potential of green concrete using life cycle assessment methodology
Authors: Bhagat G V , Savoikar P P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The production of concrete in its traditional form have reported a notable impact on the environment in terms of resource depletion and the carbon footprint it generates in the entire life cycle. To reduce these impacts, the ‘Green Concrete’ concept is at focal point of research in the construction industry. The advantage of resource conservation of ‘Green concrete’s is evident from usage of industrial by-products like fly ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume etc. as alternative binder materials and recycled wastes like construction and demolished waste and other industrial wastes as aggregate fillers. However, the quantification of environmental impact of such concretes in terms of most crucial emissions, like CO2 emissions in an objective way would confirm the eco-friendly face of ‘Green concrete’. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is one of the most trusted tools to arrive at carbon score of such green concrete. This paper presents a step-by-step procedure of estimation of carbon footprint of a green concrete considering all possible phases of the life cycle of concrete including the post use phase. The conclusive findings from available literature for different types of ‘Green concrete’ are also presented to reflect the environmental advantage/disadvantage. The effect of system boundary, carbon uptake and allocation of impact are also discussed with reference to the results available in the literature.
Modelling and Analysis of a Solid Waste Composter for Urban Houses
Authors: Srinivasan Naveen Raj , Chamala Vaishnavi J , Anuja V , Akash Menon S , Devendrán  , Krishnasamy Karunamurthy , Kumar Rajendra , Jebaseelan Davidson 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Disposal of waste is an important issue faced by sanitation agencies, especially in India, where the volume of waste generated has been increasing rapidly over the last few years. According to the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, as of January 2020, 147,613 metric tonnes (MT) of solid waste is generated per day in the country. Part of the waste that is expunged on a daily basis from homes, is food and other kitchen waste, which are biodegradable or compostable. In rural areas, such waste is disposed of in landfills, such that they get decomposed to form compost that is used as manure for crops. But this is not feasible in large cities where empty land, as well as the time required for waste to get converted into compost, is in short supply. Composting is a proven method to reduce the volume of waste, to almost 15-20% of its original amount. Therefore, this work is focused on designing an electric composter that could decompose waste artificially, and is compact, efficient, odourless, and easy to operate. This product can thus manage biodegradable waste at the source of its generation, and effectively supplant the wastebasket in a kitchen by occupying no greater space than the latter. The yield of compost would also provide nutritive natural fertilizer to homes wherein kitchen gardens or terrace farms have been set up, as well as promote the creation of the same wherever space is available. In this paper, the important parameters involved in the design of composter, including geometry parameters and the ones of operational significance such as speed and number of blades of agitator and bin temperature, have been discussed thoroughly, along with providing an understanding of the processes and considerations necessitated.
Experimental Studies on an Inclined Collector Divergent Chimney Pilot Plant
Authors: Rajamurugu N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Renewable energy sources become suitable valid options to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels or petroleum products. The International Renewable Energy Agency reports that the world will harvest 40% of energy from renewable energy sources by 2030. Conventional technologies such as solar PV technology, consumes higher capital per unit (kWh) of electricity generation cost significantly higher than the traditional sources. Hence, solar chimney power generation system can be suitable option for generating low cost energy. Solar chimneys are developed and tested by different researchers in enhancing the performance of the system. Studies on the geometric modifications of the collector, and chimney are limited. The aim of this paper is to analyse the experimental data obtained from a divergent solar chimney. Experimentation is carried under sunlight in an open atmosphere. The airflow rates in the chimneys are tested under different collector outlet height. The experimental results showed that a chimney with higher collector openings was performed well than other models. The computational analysis is also carried out using ANSYS Fluent software package which shows that the collector opening of 2.5m is recommended for higher high mass flow rate and system efficiency.
A Study on Numerical Methodologies in Solving Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Problems
Authors: Harish S. , Kishorre Annanth V. , Abinash M. , Kannan K.R. , Agarwal Sahil , Mohana N. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Numerical methods are described as techniques by which several mathematical problems are formulated, because they may be easily solved with arithmetic operations. These methodologies have a great impact on the current development of finite element theory and other areas. We have given a short study of numerical methodologies applied in fluid flow and heat and mass transfer problems in mechanical engineering which includes finite difference method, Finite element method, Boundary value problems (general), Lattice Boltzmann’s methods, Crank-Nicolsan scheme methods, boundary integral method, Runge-Kutta method, Taylor series method and so on. We have discussed some phenomena taking place in fluids such as surface tension, coning, water scattering, Stokes law, gravity-capillary, and unsteady free-surface flows, swirling, and so on. We have also analyzed boundary value problems on boundary problems, eigenvalue problems and found a numerical way to solve these problems. We have presented different numerical methods applied to different fundamental modeling approaches in heat transfer and the performance of the mechanisms (modes) vary concerning the methods applied. The paper is dedicated to demonstrating how the methods are beneficial in solving real-life heat transfer problems in engineering applications. Results of the parameters like thermal conductivity, energy flux, entropy, temperature, etc. have been compared with the existing methods
Comparison of Numerical Models of Flow and Heat Transfer Through Porous Medium in a Vertical Channel
Authors: Trilok G , Gnanasekaran N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Porous medium modelling technique has opened up ways for number of numerical studies to investigate the performance of many devices that involve heat exchanging process. Such modelling technique not only avoids huge cost and time as compared to experimental analysis but also makes computationally less time-consuming as in case of numerical simulation by exact geometry modelling of porous materials. In this regard the present paper analyses two different thermal models namely local thermal equilibrium model and local thermal non equilibrium model along with two different flow models namely Darcy flow model and Darcy extended Forchheimer model. Suitability of the mentioned models in predicting heat transfer through metal foam and wire mesh porous medium is examined subjected to variations in structural aspects of the porous medium that could be primarily represented by variation in porosity and pore density. For this purpose, a vertical channel subjected to constant heat flux capable of housing porous medium reported in literature is numerically modelled and air flow is numerically simulated through the channel. A variety of structural configuration (combination of different porosity and pore density) of the mentioned porous media are considered and among the mentioned flow and thermal models, best suited models for predicting flow and heat transfer through such medium are identified with appropriate justifications. It is revealed from the present study that, Darcy-Forchheimer and LTNE models are best suited to predict flow and heat transfer through porous media than the basic Darcy and LTE models.
CFD investigation on the performance analysis of Tesla turbine
Authors: Kevin Joseph J , Jeyanthinathan R , Harish R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A Tesla turbine is a bladeless turbine in which fluid flows in the direction of the centripetal path. It uses fluid properties such as Boundary layer & adhesion of fluid on a series of discs keyed to a shaft. The initial cost and maintenance cost of the Tesla turbine is very low. Our project’s main motive is to improve the performance of a Tesla turbine by changing various parameters such as disc diameter and disc rotating speed through the CFD simulation software using water as a working fluid. The CAD model is designed using Ansys design modeler, meshing is performed using Ansys meshing and post processing is carried out in Ansys fluent. The numerical simulations were carried out using Ansys Fluent which is based on the finite volume method and the changes that occurred in the pressure and velocities are investigated. The parametric study is performed by varying the turbine disc speed. By performing CFD simulations, total pressure contour and velocity magnitude contours are plotted and it is found that pressure and velocity are maximum when the clearance between disc and turbine casing is lesser and at higher turbine disc speeds. The power output of the Tesla turbine is also plotted for various rpm where higher rpm gives maximum power output. The results from the present study would be useful in designing an efficient Tesla turbine with improved performance.
Heat transfer analysis on different pin fin types using Solid Works
Authors: Pant Harshita , Shukla Divyanshi , Rathor Shriya , Senthur Prabu S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A fin is an extended part of an object whose purpose is to raise the rate of heat transfer mainly by convection. The heat flow in any object depends on the surface area, temperature difference, and convection coefficient. As convection coefficient cannot vary after a certain limit and temperature difference depends on the process, the way to increase the rate of heat transfer is to increase surface area which was done by adding fins. In this study, steady-state thermal analysis is performed on different types of fins and fins of different heights by using Solid works simulation. Different materials of fins are also used to verify results as the rate of heat transfer is independent of material. Aluminum 6061 and Copper is used as material for rectangular and cylindrical pin fins. In comparison, rectangular pin fin has a high rate of heat transfer as compared to copper pin fin, and also the rate of heat transfer is directly proportional to the height of the fins irrespective of the profile.
Design and Analysis of Multi-Device Interleaved Boost Converter Driving an Induction Motor
Authors: Latha R , Adharsh Babu S , Vivek Kumar M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Electric vehicles are the future of mobility solutions. The electric vehicles are driven by an electric motor with the help of a power electronic interface. The power electronic interface needs to be designed in an efficient way both in mechanical and electrical aspects. This paper proposes the concept of design, simulation and analysis of a 10 kW Multi-Device Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter (MDIBC) to drive a 4 kW Induction Motor. The motor is driven from the MDIBC through an inverter with SPWM technique. The variation in DC link voltage due to motor is controlled and stabilized to give a constant DC of 400 V. MDIBC consists of semi-controlled switches topology excited by Phase Shifted PWM technique to reduce the ripple current in interleaving inductors. The dual loop control methodology using PI controller is adopted to reduce the ripple in input inductor current and DC link voltage. The open loop simulation and closed loop simulation are done in MATLAB Simulink environment. The simulation results show that the overshoots and steady state error in inductor currents and output voltage are reduced in addition with reduction in current and voltage ripples.
The ‘sense of place’ and the environmental context of Ar-Rahman Mosque architecture
Authors: Bahauddin A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper main factors are mosque architecture, the theoretical framework of the ‘Sense of Place’, the creation of ‘Sacred Places’, the architectural and cultural heritage of Masjid Ar-Rahman, Kelantan, Malaysia. These factors are based on the Islamic religious understanding, and they are interrelated. The mosque is a sacred important symbol in Islam. The Malay Mosque is medium scale architecture, a humble typology but demonstrates strong cultural and architectural heritage. However, the current mosque architecture is dominated by the monumental domes and towers, the two foreign elements that replace native parts and alter the archipelago official mosque appearances. Hence the lack of local ‘Sense of Place’ and connection to the environment. The conceptual framework capitalizes the research gap found in mosque architecture by further delving into the creation of ‘Sacred Places’ through the ‘Sense of Place’. The Masjid Ar-Rahman of Pulau Gajah, constructed in 2016, demonstrates simplicity both in its traditional image and architectural scale with the Hindu-Buddhist syncretism. It is the value of hybrid assimilation and tolerance and coined as the Nusantara hybridised Malay and Javanese architectural styles and cultural heritage. This research employs qualitative methods of phenomenological and case study propositions supported by architectural evidence in emphasizing the symbolic and semiotic aesthetics aspects in constructing the ‘Sacred Spaces’ through the ‘Sense of Place’. The findings demonstrated that the ‘Sense of Place’ of Masjid Ar-Rahman is created by the simplicity of the mosque design reflected by the Sufistic beliefs and its connection to the environment.
Overview on built environment planning: Residential overhang factors in malaysia affordable housing
Authors: Adzhar S M , Rahim N A , Basrah N , Majid R A , Mustafar S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Affordable housing remains a prevalent issue in the country. The definition suggests affordable housing as adequate housing in quality, location, and known as not so costly that prevents its occupants from meeting other essential living needs. In the effort of providing sufficient affordable housing, various affordable housing programs, namely Residensi Wilayah and PR1MA, are currently in the market with the aims to develop and deliver new affordable housing, which targeted the middle-and low-income group. Although the lacking of affordable housing persists, the severe glut in the property market has also records to reach an all-time high. The overhang crisis in the country became an infamous issue in the country with the slow market, which led to the increase in the overhang unit’s statistics year over a year which partially in affordable housing segmentation. It is highlighted that the overhang in affordable housing has shown significant rising despites of its strong demand. This paper attempts to examine the overhang issue in affordable housing in Malaysia and related factors. This research will add up some points of discussion as regards the impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic towards the issue of affordable housing and the strategies in reducing the overhang issue during the pandemic. A review of the past literature related to the topics was carried out and data derived from journals, reports, and websites were gathered and examined to establish the framework on this issue and to identify the overhang factors in affordable housing. The developers are urged to build houses that can cater to the demand of buyers in terms of the property type, location, and also price range. The overhang units did not attract the target market while the product mismatch is one of the contributing factors. Other related factors are affordability, high living costs, and stagnant income growth, cooling measures, financing, unsuitable location, accessibility, the lack of timely and accurate data of buyer’s preference including the shift in demand towards the better-quality project. A study on the overhang factors of affordable housing is needed to resolve the issue, or else, the overhang issue will be worsened and will create a lot of negative impacts in the future. At the end of the research, the list of the property overhang factors and its framework able to be identified and to be used as guidelines and references to the public.
Bustanussalatin Park characteristics as an image shaper of Banda Aceh City
Authors: Auliza M , Wulandari E , Qadri L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Imagery is a memory of an event that is re-conveyed through the traces of historical relics or collective memories of society. Bustanussalatin Park is currently a small part of Ghairah Park, which was built by Sultan Iskandar Tsani during the Sultanate of Aceh. Bustanussalatin Park has an area of 2.18 ha which is smaller than before due to the physical development of the city at that time by the Dutch colonial. This paper aims to identify and analyze garden elements (hardscape and softscape) in Bustanussalatin Park and explore public perceptions regarding the characteristics of the current Bustanussalatin park. This study contains public perceptions of the history, extrinsic, and ecological aspects of Bustanussalatin Park as a green open space in providing design recommendations by the image of Banda Aceh City as the city center of the past Islamic empire. The approach of study in the form of qualitative architectural history study is descriptive chronologically. The results show two important things: a) the historical value of the park has not been a major consideration; b) most of the community still wants the presence of Acehnese plant elements, in addition to presenting the needs of public play facilities for now. Recommendations bustanussalatin park design in shaping the image of the city of Banda Aceh by presenting a variety of typical plants of Aceh by the function of the park in the form of protective plants (Jeumpa), directing plants and plants for aesthetics.
Evaluation of air quality in office rooms (case study: the rector’s office building of Syiah Kuala University)
Authors: Farizly H R , Munir A , Sari L H , Zahriah  
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Rector’s Office Building of Syiah Kuala University is the administrative headquarters at Syiah Kuala University which has a high density schedule. Employees in the building, work for 8 hours a day in the building. Staying in a room for an extended period of time can lead to disease, particularly Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). Poor air quality as a result of air pollution and poor air exchange is the primary cause of SBS. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the air quality in the room to prevent SBS. This research was conducted with a quantitative approach by measuring the physical and chemical quality of the indoor air. The study was conducted on two sample rooms, namely the administration room and the student affairs office. The method of collecting data is descriptive by evaluating based on the regulations of the minister of health and SNI. Air quality is also seen based on the results of room simulations using ANSYS 2019 R3. Based on the results of field measurements, the air quality in the room is not good. Thus, 60% of the employees in the Administration Room and 64.71% of the employees in the Student Affairs Office were infected with SBS.
Built environment and water: Toward a better quality of life
Authors: Rizky S F , Edytia M H A , Zahrah A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Covid-19 pandemic reminds us repeatedly of the need to keep clean such as washing hands. This shows that the presence of water in the midst of human activities is important. This article examines what if the element of water is presented naturally in the between human activities: its psychological effects and design. The study was conducted by raising and describing the conditions of settlements in Indonesia which are still in direct contact with the water element and the benefits provided by its existence. Furthermore, the right design to make these water facilities actually have a better impact on the quality of human life will be studied by giving examples of related and similar facilities. These facilities are considered adequate supported by visitor opinions and scientific approach in supporting the prevention of Covid-19 transmission through physical distancing. Studies show that facilities that provide direct access for visitors in contact with water have a better impact and are more attractive to visitors in addition to other existing features.
Understanding Aceh’s contemporary architecture: Neuheun Mandiri Housing, in the hills of Aceh Besar coastal village
Authors: Nursaniah C , Machdar I , Azmeri  , Munir A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper attempts to examine the uniqueness of architectural culture to show that through regionalism, Acehnese architecture can still be built by saving and adapting regional conceptions of culture and nature. In the design and construction of housing in Aceh today, the territorial approach is rarely considered due to the dominance of universal architectural trends that spread through globalization. The process of building the Neuheun Mandiri housing includes an astute attitude in dealing with the currents of modernity by reinterpreting the architecture of the past to be updated, and making modifications to suit the current environmental conditions. This paper aims to interpret the vernacular aspects of Aceh in the modernity of the housing development of Neuheun Mandiri in the hills of a coastal village, Aceh Besar, where the locality aspect is shown through the building mass pattern, traditional material approaches, and construction techniques.