bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D patient-specific spinal cord computational model for SCS management: potential clinical applications
Authors: Solanes Carmen , Durá Jose L. , Ángeles Canós M , De Andrés Jose , Martí-Bonmatí Luis , Saiz Javier 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objective. Although spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an established therapy for treating neuropathic chronic pain, in tonic stimulation, postural changes, electrode migration or badly-positioned electrodes can produce annoying stimulation (intercostal neuralgia) in about 35% of the patients. SCS models are used to study the effect of electrical stimulation to better manage the stimulation parameters and electrode position. The goal of this work was to develop a realistic 3D patient-specific spinal cord model from a real patient and develop a future clinical application that would help physicians to optimize paresthesia coverage in SCS therapy. Approach. We developed two 3D patient-specific models from a high-resolution MRI of two patients undergoing SCS treatment. The model consisted of a finite element model of the spinal cord and a sensory myelinated nerve fiber model. The same simulations were performed with a generalized spinal cord model and we compared the results with the clinical data to evaluate the advantages of a patient-specific model. To identify the geometrical parameters that most influence the stimulation predictions, a sensitivity analysis was conducted. We used the patient-specific model to perform a clinical application involving the pre-implantation selection of electrode polarity and study the effect of electrode offset. Main results. The patient-specific model correlated better with clinical data than the generalized model. Electrode-dura mater distance, dorsal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) thickness, and CSF diameter are the geometrical parameters that caused significant changes in the stimulation predictions. Electrode polarity could be planned and optimized to stimulate the patient’s painful dermatomes. The addition of offset in parallel electrodes would not have been beneficial for one of the patients of this study because they reduce neural activation displacement. Significance. This is the first study to relate the activation area model prediction in dorsal columns with the clinical effect on paresthesia coverage. The outcomes show that 3D patient-specific models would help physicians to choose the best stimulation parameters to optimize neural activation and SCS therapy in tonic stimulation.
Section 1.01 Methodology for assessing local overloads of elements of fixed offshore platforms with corrosion defects based on data on temperature contrasts: results of physical modeling
Authors: Starokon I V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Today, offshore oil and gas fields are being developed in the world using stationary offshore platforms. Offshore platforms are corrosive during operation. As a result of this effect, cavities or crack-like defects are formed in the platform elements, which are stress concentrators and can cause a critical overload of the platform elements. In order to prevent such a situation, it is necessary to identify dangerous corrosion defects in a timely manner. The author set up a physical experiment, which consisted in the creation of artificial corrosion defects of the V-shaped form, followed by the action of intense heat flows on them. On the basis of the formulas obtained by the author, a practical solution to the problem is given, which makes it possible to determine the size of corrosion damage and, from temperature contrasts, to calculate local overloads in the elements of the offshore platform.
Development and design of a mobile power plant in the form of a standalone power supply
Authors: Abramovich B N , Ustinov D A , Abdallah W J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The work is devoted to increasing the energy efficiency of uninterruptible power supplies in enterprises with a continuous technological cycle. During the operation of continuous technological processes, a power failure even for a short period of time leads to significant economic damage. The most modern technical solution to this problem is the creation of guaranteed power supply systems using diesel power plants (DES) and uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), based on rechargeable batteries and supercapacitor modules. It is proposed to use supercapacitors in parallel with the battery in order to ensure the stable operation of the diesel generators under starting conditions, as well as during load transfer. In this case, when using supercapacitors, it becomes possible to reduce the power capacity of the generators and uninterruptible power supplies along with the size of their batteries. Therefore, the cost of the solution decreases and its energy efficiency increases. To test the efficiency of the system, a computer model was created using MATLAB. The system showed a successful operation in supplying the load from all the power sources as well as maintaining Unity Power Factor at the Mains/Generator side.
Vacuum contactor operation with parallel connection of independent consumers
Authors: Belsky R A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This work presents a model of a transformer substation with parallel connection of independent consumers via vacuum switches. Several options of an electric arc model are considered upon switching off a vacuum switch such as: KEMA model and “black box” model. Modern computer models of vacuum switches were analyzed. Since the model data were not suitable for the conditions of the experiment, a simulation computer model was developed that reflects the specifics of the operation of the substation and of the transition process upon disconnection of one or several vacuum switches. The results of the developed methodology of analyzing transition processes were verified. To check the results of computer simulation, an experimental model was constructed, it consisted of: an electric load (inductive nature), a power supply, two vacuum switches, and a measuring circuit. The circuit is switched on and off using a pneumatic system controlled by a microcontroller. The primary purpose of the work is to check mutual influence of vacuum switches upon parallel disconnection, since there may be a restrike caused by effects of switching overvoltage between neighboring switches upon irregular disconnection. The effects of a transition process in one switch on the total current of the entire system were identified. A stand for a projected trial was demonstrated as well.
Modeling the process of redistributing power consumption using energy storage system with various configurations to align the electrical loads schedule
Authors: Bardanov A I , Vasilkov O S , Pudkova T V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper considers issues related to the analysis and adjustment of electrical load schedules. The main characteristics of the load graphs are represented in this paper. The research deals with issues of possibility of aligning load graphs by using energy storage devices. The configuration of the storage system has been identified, which allows expanding its functionality. A logical-numerical model of a hybrid energy storage system has been developed. As a result of the simulation, dependencies are obtained that confirm the efficiency of using power storage devices to align the load schedules.
Power stabilization system for the regulated electric drive of transport vehicles
Authors: Bolshunova O M , Korzhev A A , Vatlina A M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
One of the important parameters of using the hydraulic transport system in mining enterprises is considered. A method for regulating the ground pump drive and a computer model of the drive power stabilization system are proposed. The simulation was performed in the Scilab program. The performance of the proposed model was checked. The results of simulation with different values of the current and torque are shown. The efficiency of the proposed method for regulating the ground pump drive is evaluated.
Modelling of induction motor incorporating magnetic saturation
Authors: Ustinov D A , Garipov B I 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper studies the need to take into account the magnetic saturation of a squirrel-cage induction motor (IM). A mathematical description of an IM with linear and nonlinear magnetic characteristics is given. The simulation of motor’s direct start, as well as the field oriented control (FOC) system in Simulink Matlab environment is presented. The results of simulation are presented: time diagrams and mechanical characteristics of the motor. The conclusion is made whether it is necessary to take into account saturation in the study of transients in an asynchronous squirrel-cage motor.
Simulation of the process of isothermal backward extrusion of a thick-walled hollow billet
Authors: Pasynkov A A , Larin S N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The processes of extrusion of bar billets are the most widely used for producing metal products in the form of a tall cylinder with thin or thick walls. The process is characterized by high hydrostatic pressure, which makes it possible to achieve high degrees of deformation. However, it is worth noting that in this case great forces and loads on the tool take place. Implementation of the processes of extrusion of billets from difficult-to-form alloys can significantly reduce the deformation forces and ensure the formation of an advantageous strain-stress state. This process is rather sophisticated, subject to the theoretical justification. It is a matter of interest to provide justification of the processes of isothermal extrusion of thick-walled hollow billets, allowing one to produce cylindrically shaped products with relatively thin walls and a thick bottom with a hole. The paper discusses the process of isothermal extrusion of thick-walled hollow billets from high-strength non-ferrous alloys. The process simulation was performed using a software package based on the finite-element method. The influence of various parameters on stresses and strains, varying during deformation in the component, was determined. The conditions of loading for the process were analyzed. The results obtained can form the basis for the development of techniques for performing the backward extrusion of hollow billets in isothermal conditions.
Sizing parameters of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor based on torque-speed characteristics
Authors: Shklyarskiy Y E , Shklyarskiy A Y , Lutonin A S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a sizing algorithm for an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor based on its torque-speed characteristic and how these characteristic shifts because of changing motor’s parameters. This knowledge must be helpful in designing motor control systems, where there is no need for a precise model. Also, the proposed method is useful for rapid prototyping based on the existing motor model. The methodology for calculating the torque-speed characteristics is given. The resulting calculated graphs are given. PMSM motor control parameters are designed based on the reference model and verified in MATLAB/Simulink software package. Simulation results are given.
Modelling the motion of a mobile robotic complex in the coastal zone
Authors: Makarov V S , Belyaev A M , Belyakov V V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the modeling of the curvilinear motion of a mobile robotic complex (MRC) with a caterpillar-modular mover on sandy deformable soil. Dependencies describing the main characteristics of the support base (modulus of elasticity, angle of internal friction, specific cohesion of soil, soil density) are given. The simulation was conducted in the Adams Tracked Vehicle environment. Shown are 3D views of the developed model of MRC. Typical sections of MRC curvilinear motion simulation on a sandy support base are considered. Graphs of changes in resistance to movement MRC are given for curved and straight sections. The calculations of the total resistance in a rectilinear motion and during rotation showed that the average values of the resistance to movement in a rectilinear motion are 1.6 kN with a curvilinear of 1.94 kN. The experimental values of the resistance force in a rectilinear motion were 1.45-1.7 kN. Thus, the maximum deviation between theoretical and experimental data was no more than 10%.
The influence of power system parameters on breaks of fault currents in the generator circuit breaker
Authors: Safonov E , Frolov V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to study the factors that influence on the delayed current zeros phenomena in the generator network. For this purpose the equivalent circuit of the generator network was developed. The fault transients simulations have been performed by means of the Matlab/Simulink software package. Consequently, the dependence characteristics of the delayed current zeros phenomenon on the external power system parameters (inductance, length of power lines, reactive power balance) were obtained. The amount of reactive power generated by power lines depends on its length. This power, in turn, is consumed by the generation network and external power system. The greater the reactance of the external power system, the greater of this reactive power the generator consumes, which, in turn, increases direct-axis armature reaction and direct component of the short-circuit currents. The long arcing time by the delayed current zeros phenomena will cause damage to the transformer, circuit breaker and can negatively affect the stability of the power system. These results are also demonstrated numerically.
Accounting for the plasma background radiation influence and calibration curve export in atomic emission spectrometry with CCD-based registration system when determining metal and alloy impurities
Authors: Sukhomlinov V S , Mustafaev A S , Popova A N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper is dedicated to development and application of an algorithm allowing determining an accurate actual value of the plasma background radiation under the analytic element line using standard data obtained from emission spectrometer registration system. A unique technique has been developed that allows calibrating spectrometers in the range of small concentration of impurities with two standard samples, which is very relevant for analysis of metals and alloys, powdered samples, ultrapure materials. The paper demonstrates efficiency of this technique when applied to series-produced emission spectrometers manufactured in Russia.
Modelling and operation analysis of autonomous electromechanical power supplies with a commensurate power load
Authors: Ustinov D A , Abramovich B N , Abdallah W 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, diesel power plants (DPS) are widely used as sources of primary, backup or emergency power supply for various facilities. Mathematical modeling and optimization techniques are widely used for studies in order to improve energy and economic efficiency of diesel power plants. The article describes the modeling of a stand-alone electromechanical power system consisting of a Diesel Power Plant and an ESS (Energy Storage System) based on supercapacitors with a load of comparable power of a diesel motor to increase its energy efficiency.
Automating production engineering for custom and small-batch production on the basis of simulation modeling
Authors: Khrustaleva I N , Lyubomudrov S A , Chernykh L G , Stepanov S N , Larionova T A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper describes a simulation model of production engineering for custom and small-batch production. The described simulation model includes three levels: control over the operation of separate elements of the production system and their interaction, planning and modeling of various variants of a processing route, selection of rational cutting parameters, and constraints analysis of the production system. In order to determine the rational cutting modes, total accuracy of processing is calculated and Taguchi method is applied. A rational variant of the production process is selected by multiple criteria analysis.
Analysis of the voltage drop of a drilling rig connected to a local energy network
Authors: Chervonchenko S S , Frolov V Ya 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article discusses and analyzes the operation of an autonomous electrical complex of a drilling rig in an emergency mode, namely when the supply voltage drops. The concept of voltage drop is also described, a comparative characteristic of technical devices and methods of overcoming voltage drops, indicating the disadvantages and advantages, is given. Modeling of an autonomous electrical complex of a drilling rig is performed in the MATLAB Simulink software package with a description of the parameters of the main elements. The voltage drop is achieved by a sharp increase in the load power consumption, which in reality is achieved by the drilling rig head getting stuck in the hard layers of the earth’s surface. As a result, there are graphs of changes in the voltage value at the terminals of the electric motor of the drilling rig, depending on the magnitude of the load. Based on these graphs, we can conclude that with an increase in load, the autonomous system does not have its own reserves and power reserves (and according to regulatory documents, this margin is 20%) in order to overcome the voltage drop and return it to acceptable values for further uninterrupted operation. As a conclusion, we can say that today the only optimal option in terms of material costs and technical features is to connect a backup diesel generator connected in parallel to the main one and having a comparative power.
Nondestructive quality testing of concrete and asphalt concrete pavements
Authors: Potapov A I , Shikhov A I , Dunaeva E N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The technical level of the applied methods and controls has an impact on the result of construction and installation works. One of the main tasks of contractors in the process of paving is to quickly determine the parameters of asphalt pavement. The quality of the asphalt pavement device allows you to increase the service life and reduce the cost of repairing road surfaces. A number of methods and means of nondestructive quality testing of concrete and asphalt concrete pavements are considered. Some characteristics of defects of concrete and asphalt concrete pavements are given. The main attention is paid to ground-penetrating radar methods, eddy-current, radiation and acoustic, also the devices implementing these methods are considered.
Complex simulation model of functioning mine telecommunication system using Power Line Communication technology
Authors: Shpenst V A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper considers a modern development of telecommunication systems as a part of electrical complexes of underground facilities, namely, application of PLC technologies for complexing electrical systems. A description is provided of the main tool of experimental studies of such systems, a simulation model of operation, its structure, development sequence and main elements, as well as an experimental validation of the model.
The proposed model will allow solving a wide range of problems in the process of studying telecommunications systems and power supply systems for underground structures. Model development included the formulation of complex research tasks, the creation of the conceptual model, the formation of a set of requirements for the modeling algorithm, the development of a mathematical model, creating a simulation program in C++ with the use of JBuilder, the company Embarcadero version 10.3, as well as the verification of the simulation model. Based on the considered structure of the PLC network, it is proposed to include an information generation module, a connection module, a transmission line module, a modulation, encoding and decoding module, an information processing and noise reduction module, a subscriber module and a performance evaluation module in the model of integration of power supply and telecommunications systems for underground structures. To solve the problem verify the model was developed methods of research the effectiveness of various algorithms for transmission power supply networks underground structures, allowing an informed choice of data transfer methods and rational selection of the non-necessity to implement the methods selected equipment and conducted a series of experimental studies on real industrial underground facilities.
Simulation of parallelization options for the computational image formation algorithm in the synthetic aperture radar for oil spill detection
Authors: Shpenst V A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the methods of parallelization of the computational image formation algorithm in radar stations designed to detect oil spills. The methods are based on parallel calculations. The methods for modeling the image formation process, the method for extracting information dependencies and the method for scaling and distributing subtasks were developed. The technique for analyzing the efficiency of the parallelization process and evaluating the algorithm stability was suggested, and the computational experiment was conducted. Its results were evaluated.
Use of gelling compositions to prevent salt deposition
Authors: Almukhametova E M , Kuzmina V V , Shadrina P N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The main source of salt release is water produced in conjunction with oil. Improving the efficiency of oil production is currently mainly achieved by preventing deposits of inorganic salts during well operation. Of the currently known methods of controlling scaling, the method of preventing deposits using gel-forming components is the most effecient. There are various compositions of gelling compositions to solve this problem. For example, mixtures based on hydrochloric acid, nepheline, high alumina cement, etc. However, these compositions also have some drawbacks. Due to the rapid neutralization of acid, the composition quickly loses its properties. In addition, difficulties may arise when dosing the chemical component and preparing the composition. The formation of the gel directly in the reservoir conditions allows you to create a zone (screen) with increased filtration resistance and exclude inter-reservoir flows, pulling bottom water and fight against scaling. In order for the oil production process to be the most effective, it is very important to choose the optimal option for preventing scaling, taking into account the features of the operation of wells in specific fields.
Downhole screw motor with integrated telemetry system
Authors: Davydov A Y , Yakhina I A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The experience of using downhole screw motors with an integrated telemetry system manufactured by Research and Production Company VNIIGIS-ZTK LLC, which allows solving urgent problems of horizontal well construction — precise determination of the opening time of a productive formation and operational control of the wellbore trajectory with the aim of conducting it along the most productive collector.