bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of smoking status with SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalisation and mortality from COVID-19: A living rapid evidence review with Bayesian meta-analyses (version 11)
Authors: Simons David , Shahab Lion , Brown Jamie , Perski Olga 
Published: March 2021

AIMS: To estimate the association of smoking status with rates of i) infection, ii) hospitalisation, iii) disease severity, and iv) mortality from SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 disease.

DESIGN: Living rapid review of observational and experimental studies with random-effects hierarchical Bayesian meta-analyses. Published articles and pre-prints were identified via MEDLINE and medRxiv.

SETTING: Community or hospital. No restrictions on location.

PARTICIPANTS: Adults who received a SARS-CoV-2 test or a COVID-19 diagnosis.

MEASUREMENTS: Outcomes were SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalisation, disease severity and mortality stratified by smoking status. Study quality was assessed (i.e. ‘good’, ‘fair’ and ‘poor’).

FINDINGS: v11 (searches up to 2021-02-16) included 405 studies with 62 ‘good’ and ‘fair’ quality studies included in unadjusted meta-analyses. 121 studies (29.9%) reported current, former and never smoking status with the remainder using broader categories. Recorded smoking prevalence among people with COVID-19 was generally lower than national prevalence. Current compared with never smokers were at reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (RR = 0.71, 95% Credible Interval (CrI) = 0.61-0.82, τ = 0.34). Data for former smokers were inconclusive (RR = 1.03, 95% CrI = 0.95-1.11, τ = 0.17) but favoured there being no important association (4% probability of RR ≥1.1). Former compared with never smokers were at increased risk of hospitalisation (RR = 1.19, CrI = 1.1-1.29, τ = 0.13), greater disease severity (RR = 1.8, CrI = 1.27-2.55, τ = 0.46) and mortality (RR = 1.56, CrI = 1.23-2, τ = 0.43). Data for current smokers on hospitalisation, disease severity and mortality were inconclusive (RR = 1.1, 95% CrI = 0.99-1.21, τ = 0.15; RR 1.26, 95% CrI = 0.92-1.73, τ = 0.32; RR = 1.12, 95% CrI = 0.84-1.47, τ = 0.42, respectively) but favoured there being no important associations with hospitalisation and mortality (49% and 56% probability of RR ≥1.1, respectively) and a small but important association with disease severity (83% probability of RR ≥1.1).

CONCLUSIONS: Compared with never smokers, current smokers appear to be at reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection while former smokers appear to be at increased risk of hospitalisation, greater disease severity and mortality from COVID-19. However, it is uncertain whether these associations are causal.

v7 of this living review article has been published in _Addiction_ [https://doi-org.libproxy.ucl.ac.uk/10.1111/add.15276]
Fish Health Management Considerations in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems – Part 2: Pathogens
Authors: Yanong Roy 
Published: March 2021

Recirculating aquaculture systems, also known as water reuse systems, have become more and more popular. Recirculating systems are commonly found in aquaculture facilities, wholesale and retail tropical fish facilities, and public aquaria. However, in order to successfully and most efficiently operate one of these systems, a goodunderstanding of fish health management considerations is critical. This circular is Part 2 in a three-part seriesdealing with management of fish health in recirculating systems. It explains the role of pathogens (potential disease-causing organisms) in these systems. Published December 2003.
Cir 121/FA100: Fish Health Management Considerations in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems?Part 2: Pathogens (ufl.edu)
Fish Health Management Considerations in Recirculating Aquaculture systems - Part 3: General Recommendations and Problem-Solving Approaches
Authors: Yanong Roy 
Published: March 2021

Both the popularity and use of recirculating systems have increased, and these systems are now commonly used in aquaculture facilities, wholesale and retail tropical fish facilities, and public aquaria. This circular is Part 3 of a three-part series dealing with fish health management in recirculating aquaculture systems. This document provides general recommendations for choosing, setting up, and running a system, as well as some problem-solving approaches to help maintain a well-managed system – regardless of its purpose. This basic information should assist the beginner or intermediate-level aquaculturist interested in maintaining healthy fish in recirculating systems. This document is Circular 122, one of a series from the Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date December 2003.
Cir 122/FA101: Fish Health Management Considerations in Recirculating Aquaculture systems?Part 3: General Recommendations and Problem-Solving Approaches (ufl.edu)
Florida Solid and Hazardous Waste Regulation Handbook: Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
Authors: Olexa Michael T. , Leviten Aaron , Samek Kelly 
Published: March 2021

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) manages all aspects of solid and hazardous wastes. RCRA has separate requirements for generators of wastes, transporters of wastes, and owner/operators of facilities for treatment, storage, or disposal of hazardous waste. The requirements of RCRA include: permitting by EPA and exhaustive recordkeeping. The requirements are intended to track the movement and handling of the waste until it reaches final disposal. This is known as the cradle-to-grave approach to monitoring wastes. This is EDIS document FE444, a publication of the Department of Food and Resource Economics, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, UF/IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Published December 2003.
https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fe444
Controlled-Release Fertilizer Opportunities and Costs for Potato Production in Florida
Authors: Hutchinson Chad M. , Simonne Eric H. 
Published: March 2021

The objective of this article is to compare the costs and benefits of a nitrogen CRF program to a traditional soluble N program in potato. This document is HS941, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: July 2003.
HS941/HS187: Controlled-Release Fertilizers for Commercial Potato Production in Florida (ufl.edu)
Recommendations for Degreening Florida Fresh Citrus Fruits
Authors: Ritenour Mark A. , Miller William M. , Wardowski Wilfred W. 
Published: March 2021

Early varieties of citrus fruit in Florida usually meet legal maturity standards before the peel attains the characteristic varietal color and therefore require degreening. Occasionally, later maturing varieties may similarly require degreening. The degreening process, which involves the use of ethylene gas in specially constructed degreening rooms, destroys the chlorophyll and allows the yellow or orange peel to predominate. This document is Cir 1170, Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: August 2003.
Cir 1170/HS195: Recommendations for Degreening Florida Fresh Citrus Fruits (ufl.edu)
Controlled-Release Fertilizers for Florida Citrus Production
Authors: Obreza Tom , Rouse Bob 
Published: March 2021

In the new age of Florida citrus production, Best Management Practices to protect water quality are being considered across the state. Growers have been encouraged to carefully consider nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates, application schedules, and irrigation management in their groves. Nitrogen sources have received little attention because most managers are accustomed to using water-soluble fertilizers like ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and urea. Synthetic controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) have existed commercially for more than 35 years, but other than use in young-tree fertilizer blends, Florida citrus growers have avoided them due to high cost and lack of production experience. This document is SL-214, a fact sheet of the Soil and Water Science Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: January 2004.
https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss433
Highways and Wildlife: Problems and Solutions
Authors: Schaefer Joe , Mazzotti Frank J. , Huegel Craig 
Published: March 2021

The expanding network of highways built to transport Florida's residents and visitors has a severe impact on our wildlife resources. Information on this topic is currently in great demand by conservationists, planners, and road builders. Increased knowledge of wildlife movements, use of habitat, and reactions to highways, in addition to greater experience with innovative roadway designs, offer opportunities to lessen the negative impacts of roads on native fauna. This fact sheet summarizes the known or suspected relationships between highways and wildlife in Florida, and solutions that may help to minimize problems. Readers are encouraged to consult the listed references for more information. This is document WEC-172, one of a series of the Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute ofFood and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published:1993, as SS-WIS-41. Revised: February, 2003.
https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/uw158
Interrelationship of Nutrition and Immunity
Authors: Butcher Gary D. , Miles Richard D. 
Published: March 2021

The immune system benefits greatly from proper nutrition of the bird. Not only does the immune system benefit directly from proper nutrition, but indirectly proper nutrition will also prepare the bird for periods of stress, reducing the adverse effects of stress and enhancing recovery from stressful periods. Therefore, in many instances, proper nutrition lessens the immune suppression associated with the stress response in the bird. This document is VM139, one of a series of the Veterinary Medicine-Large Animal Clinical Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date June 12, 2002.
VM139/VM104: Interrelationship between Nutrition and Immunity (ufl.edu)
TO DETERMINE THE ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS IN VAP PATHOGENS IN ICU PATIENTS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL ATTACHED TO S. P. MEDICAL COLLEGE, BIKANER
Authors: Gahlot Sangeeta , Saini Makkhan Lal 
Published: March 2021

Background: The present study aimed to find out the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the organisms isolated from cases of VAP
Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, by taking samples from clinically suspected cases of VAP from different ICU( Medical, Surgical, Neonatal and Pediatric ICU) at tertiary care hospital attached to S. P. Medical College, Bikaner.
Results: Out of 79 GNB, 63 (79.74%) isolates were found to be MDR, including 10 (66.67%)) isolates of MDR Pseudomonas.
Conclusion: Adherence to infection control protocols and short term use of invasive devices and judicious use of antibiotics are also important in preventing VAP caused by these MDR pathogens
Keywords: VAP, MDR, ICU
REFLEXÕES SOBRE O IMPACTO DA PANDEMIA POR CORONAVÍRUS NA ATUAÇÃO DO CATADOR DE MATERIAIS RECICLAVEIS
Authors: De Almeida Maia Carlos Vangerre , Feitosa Anny Kariny , Galvão Júnior Alceu De Castro , De Araújo Danielle Ferreira , Ribeiro Andrade José Hamilton 
Published: March 2021

A pandemia do Covid-19 age mais severamente nos estratos mais baixos da sociedade brasileira, onde estão os catadores de materiais recicláveis, os quais atuam de maneira organizada em associações e cooperativas ou de forma individual. Para evitar depauperação maior de sua renda, os catadores de materiais recicláveis precisam permanecer catando por mais tempo, em um momento onde os preços dos recicláveis estão caindo, mesmo com o aumento da sua produção. Isto acarreta maior exposição ao vírus do Covid-19 pois, entre os catadores de materiais recicláveis, há muitos sexagenários e indivíduos com comorbidades pré-existentes. Ademais, é necessário discutir o cenário pós pandemia, com a possibilidade do aumento substancial de novos catadores advindos da crise econômica e do incremento da oferta de material reciclável.
KEABSAHAN SERTIFIKAT DARI PERBEDAAN JANGKA WAKTU PUBLISITAS DALAM PENDAFTARAN TANAH
Authors: Nuralifah Asriyanti 
Published: March 2021

Demi terwujudnya kesejahteraan masyarakat, pemerintah Indonesia saat ini dalam mengatur kepemilikan tanah dan memimpin penggunaannya telah menyelenggarakan pendaftaran tanah di seluruh wilayah Negara Republik Indonesia. Pendaftaran tanah ini merupakan kewajiban pemerintah yang bertujuan untuk menjamin kepastian hukum. Akan tetapi dalam pelaksanaannya terdapat perbedaan pengaturan jangka waktu pengumuman pembuktian pemilikan tanah data yuridis dan data fisik bidang tanah serta peta bidang-bidang tanah diumumkan antara Peraturan Menteri Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 6 Tahun 2018 tentang Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 1997 tentang Pendaftaran Tanah. Oleh karena itu, dilakukakan penelitian ini untuk memperoleh kejelasan bagaimana keabsahan sertifikat yang diterbitkan dan bagaimana akibat hukum dari perbedaan peraturan dalam pendaftaran tanah terkait asas publisitas negatif berunsur positif.. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan analitis. Dari hasil penelitian ini kedudukan sertifikat berdasarkan perbedaan peraturan jangka waktu publisitas sah apabila tidak diadakan yudicial review dan tidak dibatalkan oleh pembatalan sertifikat.Kata kunci: Pengaturan asas publisitas, Perbedaan pengaturan, dan Keabsahan sertifikatIn order to realize the welfare of society, this time Indonesian government in regulating land ownership and leading its use that have registered land in the entire territory of the Republic of Indonesia. This land registration is a government obligation that aims to guarantee legal certainty. However, in the implementation there are different arrangements for the period of announcement of proof of land ownership of juridical data and physical data on parcels of land and maps of land parcels announced between Minister of Agrarian and Spatial Planning / National Land Agency Regulation Number 6 in 2018 concerning Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) with Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. Therefore, this research was carried out to obtain clarity on the validity of the certificates issued and how the legal consequences of the different regulations in land registration related to the principle of negative publicity are positive elements. The method used in this study is normative with a legal approach and analytical approach. From the results of this study the position of the certificate is based on differences in the rules of the period of validity of publicity if a judicial review is not held and is not canceled by the cancellation of the certificate.Keywords: Setting publicity principles, Setting differences, Certificate validity
INTEGRASI NILAI MULTIKULTURAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI DAERAH PASCA KONFLIK
Authors: Mashuri Saepudin 
Published: March 2021

Artikel ini berkenaan dengan integrasi nilai multikultural dalam pembelajaran PAI di sekolah dengan setting sosial masyarakat Poso pasca konflik yang sedang membangun perdamaian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan proses integrasi nilai multikultural dalam pembelajaran PAI di SMKN 1 dan SMAN 3 Poso, Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi multisitus di dua sekolah yang memiliki karakteristik umum yang sama. Teknik pengumpulan data, yaitu: wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipan dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode komparatif konstan untuk menemukan persamaan, perbedaan dan hubungan temuan penelitian di kedua situs. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai multikultural yang diintegrasikan di kedua sekolah adalah kontekstual dengan realitas keragaman peserta didik, masyarakat dan upaya membangun perdamaian di sekolah dan daerah Poso pasca konflik. Kemudian, nilai multikultural yang diitegrasikan bersifat universal yang mencakup: saling memaafkan, kasih sayang, saling menghormati, kepedulian, toleransi, kebersamaan dan perdamaian. Proses integrasi nilai multikultural dilakukan melalui empat pendekatan, yaitu: formal-tekstual, sosial-kontekstual, kontributif-kultural dan aditif-tematik dengan empat bentuk integrasi, meliputi: normatif, interpersonal, sosial dan budaya lokal.Kata Kunci: Integrasi, Nilai Multikultural, Pembelajaran PAI, Perdamaian, Sekolah Pasca Konflik This paper deals with multicultural values integration in Islamic education learning takes place on the social setting of post-conflict schools and society who are building peace. The purpose of this study is to reveal the process of multicultural values integration in Islamic education learning at di SMKN 1 dan SMAN 3 Poso, Central Sulawesi. The study is a qualitative approach with multi-sites study in two schools with same general characteristics. The data collection techniques are: in-depth interview, partisipant observation, and document study. Analysis was carried out by comparative constant analysis to find smillarities, difference, and correlation of the results of the research in two schools. The results of the study indicate that integration of multicultural values in Islamic education learning in both schools are contextual with the reality of students diversity, society and effort to build peace in the post - conflict schools and Poso area. Then, the integrated of multicultural values is universal. The values are forgiveness, compassion, mutual respect, care, tolerance, togetherness, and peace. The process of multicultural values integration in Islamic education learning in both schools has been performed through four approaches. The approaches consist of: formal-textual, social-contextual, contributive-cultural, and additive-thematic. While its forms of the integration include: normative, interpersonal, social, and local culture.Key Words: Integration, Multicultural Values, Islamic Educatin Leaning, Peace, Post-Conflict Schools
Integrative Analysis of Vaginal Microorganisms and Serum Metabolomics in Rats With Estrous Cycle Disorder Induced by Long-Term Heat Exposure Based on 16S rDNA Gene Sequencing and LC/MS-Based Metabolomics
Authors: An GaiHong , Zhang Yu , Fan LiJun , Chen JiaJun , Wei MengFan , Li Chao , Chen XueWei , Zhang Li , Yang DanFeng , Wang Jing 
Published: March 2021

Long term heat exposure (HE) leads to estrous cycle disorder (ECD) in female rats and damages reproductive function. However, the regulation mechanism of vaginal microorganisms and serum metabolomics remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of microbes on the vaginal secretions of rats with ECD and describe the serum metabolomics characteristics and their relationship with vaginal microorganisms. The alterations in the serum levels of neurotransmitters were used to verify the possible regulatory pathways. The relative abundance, composition, and colony interaction network of microorganisms in the vaginal secretions of rats with ECD changed significantly. The metabolomics analysis identified 22 potential biomarkers in the serum including lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and mammalian target of rapamycin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) signaling pathways. Further, 52 pairs of vaginal microbiota–serum metabolites correlations (21 positive and 31 negative) were determined. The abundance of Gardnerella correlated positively with the metabolite L-arginine concentration and negatively with the oleic acid concentration. Further, a negative correlation was found between the abundance of Pseudomonas and the L-arginine concentration and between the metabolite benzoic acid concentration and the abundance of Adlercreutzia. These four bacteria–metabolite pairs had a direct or indirect relationship with the estrous cycle and reproduction. The glutamine, glutamate, and dopamine levels were significantly uncontrolled. The former two were closely related to GnRH signaling pathways involved in the development and regulation of HE-induced ECD in rats. Serum neurotransmitters partly reflected the regulatory effect of vaginal microorganisms on the host of HE-induced ECD, and glutamatergic neurotransmitters might be closely related to the alteration in vaginal microorganisms. These findings might help comprehend the mechanism of HE-induced ECD and propose a new intervention based on vaginal microorganisms.
The Causes of Chest Pain in Children and the Criteria for Targeted Myocardial Enzyme Testing in Identifying the Causes of Chest Pain in Children
Authors: Chen Li , Duan Hongzhou , Li Xiaoyan , Yang Zuozhen , Jiao Meng , Sun Kangtai , Jin Mei 
Published: March 2021

Aims:Chest pain is a common complaint at pediatric cardiology clinics and often leads to an extensive cardiac evaluation. In this study, we analyzed the causes of chest pain in Chinese children and developed diagnostic procedures and criteria for targeted myocardial enzyme testing.Methods and Results:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients aged below 18 years visiting our hospital for chest pain between 2005 and 2019. Based on auxiliary exams and clinical diagnosis, we developed diagnostic procedures and criteria for targeted myocardial enzyme testing in children with chest pain. A total of 7,251 children were included in this study. The chest pain was of cardiac origin in 581 patients (8.0%). The incidence of non-cardiac chest pain was significantly higher in the preschool group and the school-age group than in the adolescent group (93.5 vs. 93.8 vs. 90.3%,P&lt; 0.05). Among children with cardiac chest pain, the most common concomitant symptom was chest tightness (67.0%). Myocardial enzyme testing was performed in 5,408 patients and was abnormal in 453 patients. We developed a diagnostic procedure and criteria for targeted myocardial enzyme testing using pertinent history, physical examination, and ECG findings or UCG finding. Applying the diagnostic procedure and criteria could lead to the reduction in myocardial enzyme testing while still capturing all cardiac diagnoses.Conclusion:In children, chest pain is mostly benign and rarely cardiac. During diagnosis, targeted myocardial enzyme testing based on medical history and physical examination can effectively reduce resource use.