bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventions and intersections: institutional environment and local level autonomy in LEADER. A comparative study
Authors: Brooks Elizabeth , Kovács Katalin 
Published: December 2021

In 2010, when hope emerged that the new conservative government would improve the governance of the LEADER Programme, the Naturama Alliance, a co-operative network of seven Hungarian LAGs, issued a Declaration that summarised procedural issues to be addressed by a revision[1]. After introducing the alliance, the first chapter was entitled “Decentralisation and Autonomy”, indicating the direction of the desired shift towards a more autonomous operation. The LEADER Programme is scrutinised in this article from the point of view of autonomy and local democracy, exploring to what extent these are linked with or distinct from higher level governance transformations towards decentralisation or recentralisation.
Theoretical approaches derived from rural and government studies are interpreted in the first sections of the paper, exploring the debate regarding the correlation of autonomy and local democracy and the way it is manifested in LEADER. Most authors regard LEADER as a promoter of local democracy and identify a positive correlation between democracy and an enhanced local autonomy. However, a consensus among scholars also seems to be unfolding from these studies suggesting that the scope of ‘LEADER democracy’ is mostly narrow, restricting participation to more resourceful social groups due both to the ‘thematic filters’ of the Local Development Strategy and to ‘procedural filters’, such as capacities allocated to the staff for animation and assistance to overcome difficulties of application.
The empirical research background of this article is provided by two case studies, which were conducted in 2018-2019, one in England (Northumberland Uplands) and one in Hungary (Balaton Uplands), two states with complex recent histories and trajectories in terms of devolution of governance to lower levels and local autonomy. The secondary interpretation of these case studies focuses on the degree of participation and autonomy of LAGs. The analysis reveals that the degree of autonomy (and to some extent of participation) declined in both countries in the last iteration compared to the 2007-13 programming cycle. It has also been uncovered that rather than the ‘post transition’, recentralised Hungarian context, it was the British institutional system and governance tradition that permitted more top-down intervention and less autonomy for the LAGs.

[1] A NATURAMA Szövetség Akciócsoportjainak javaslatai az UMVP III. IV. tengelye intézkedéseinek
hatékonyabb megvalósítása érdekében. [Suggestions of the NATURAMA Alliance for the more effective implementation of III-IV axes of the RDP], 2010.
http://leadercontact.com/images/stories/https___leaderkontakt.pdf
A Dominant Position as a Sign of Strategic Importance of an Economic Society
Authors: Mazurenko V. A. 
Published: December 2021

The paper analyzes regulatory legal acts governing implementation of transactions with securities, stakes, property or rights in relation to business entities that occupy a dominant position in a certain commodity market. The paper examines the issues related to the possibility of recognizing a dominant position as a criterion for classifying an economic society as an economic society of strategic importance for ensuring the country’s defense and state security (hereinafter: strategic importance) using as an example legislative restrictions on implementation of economic concentration in relation to organizations, providing communication services, port services, as well as in relation to natural monopolies. Based on the results of the study, a conclusion is made about the validity of modern approaches to establishing strategic importance of an economic society through the concept of a dominant position that over time can be transformed to use the concept of a dominant position as an independent criterion for establishing strategic importance of an economic society.
Specyfika nauczania leksyki języka obcego w przypadku uczniów z myśleniem o charakterze klipowym
Authors: Kozieł Joanna 
Published: December 2021

Artykuł stanowi próbę przybliżenia zjawiska myślenia klipowego. Termin ten, choć mało rozpowszechniony w polskim dyskursie naukowym, trafnie wskazuje na istotne zmiany, które dokonały się w umysłach pokolenia „cyfrowych tubylców”. W dobie postępującej cyfryzacji coraz częstsze stały się bowiem problemy związane z deficytem uwagi. Z jednej strony obserwuje się tendencję do powierzchownego przyjmowania informacji i generalizacji, co w konsekwencji utrudnia całościowe rozumienie zjawiska, pozbawia umiejętności krytycznego myślenia. Z drugiej zaś strony myślenie klipowe może nieść z sobą pozytywne aspekty. W artykule dokonano próby odnalezienia metod dydaktycznych, rozwijających korzystne strony tego zjawiska, które jednocześnie zwiększają efektywność i atrakcyjność lekcji języka rosyjskiego jako obcego. Jako narzędzie metodologiczne wybrano podejście kognitywne. Przeprowadzona analiza wskazała, że szczególną uwagę należy zwrócić na nauczanie holistyczne oraz ćwiczenie umiejętności wskazywania przyczyn oraz skutków wydarzeń. Następnie autorka przedstawiła typy zadań, które mogą sprzyjać wprowadzaniu danych założeń do glottodydaktyki.
ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE CONFIGURATION SPACE OF CHARGED BLACK HOLES
Authors: Gladush V.D. 
Published: December 2021

Some properties of the configuration space (CS) of charged black holes (BH) we are considered. A reduced action for the spherically symmetric configuration of the gravitational and electromagnetic fields is constructed. We restrict ourselves to considering of T-region, where the studied fields have a dynamic meaning. Using the Hamiltonian constraint, we exclude the nondynamic degree of freedom. This leads to the action of the system in the CS with the corresponding supermetric. It turns out that the CS is flat, and its metric admits a twoparametric group of motions. This group generates conservation laws for the geodesic equations. The first law is the charge conservation law, and second is the mass conservation law (the mass function). Using the Hamiltonian constraint, they allow one to find momenta as a function of the field variables andcalculate the action as a function of the conserved quantities and field variables in CS. We emphasize that to find this action, we use only the integrability condition for a differential form. The quantization of the system is reduced to the uantization of a free particle in a three-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space. The natural measure corresponding to the CS metric is used to construct the Hermitian DeWitt and mass operators. Based on the self-consistent solution of quantum DeWitt equations and equations for the eigenvalues of the mass and charge operators, the wave function for the spherically symmetric configuration of the gravitational and electromagnetic fields in the T- region is constructed. As a result, we get a model of charged BH with continuous mass and charge spectra.
Nuevas narrativas digitales, juegos de realidad alternativa y Unfiction: contando historias en línea
Authors: Rojas Juan Carlos 
Published: December 2021

En los últimos años han surgido innumerables proyectos y experiencias de narrativas digitales que se valen de las diferentes características de lo virtual para crear nuevas plataformas y formatos donde contar historias. En este artículo se hablará de la Unfiction, un nuevo fenómeno que combina la interacción que provee un videojuego, la inmersión de un juego de rol en vivo y el alcance del video digital. Esta combinación la vuelve un medio extremadamente rico, donde una gran variedad de proyectos comerciales e independientes pueden desarrollarse, y muchos ya han logrado enorme éxito utilizándolo. Para analizar estos proyectos se realizó un muestreo dirigido tomando en cuenta distintas variables, como popularidad o disponibilidad de información.
Uno de los puntos fundamentales que vuelven a la Unfiction tan interesante en épocas de aislamiento y pandemia es su capacidad de crear comunidades, pues son estas las que le dan vida al proyecto. Sin una red de públicos y jugadores interactuando constantemente, este género simplemente no podría existir. Es en los foros en línea, salas de chat y secciones de comentarios donde realmente se construyen estas experiencias.
Leadership of learning and change for successful learning outcome in History Education
Authors: Tabe Hennades , Heystek Jan , Warnich Pieter 
Published: December 2021

Managing History learning and teaching in schools of South Africa over the years has been characterised by diverse opinions regarding the causes of learner underperformance, who is to be held responsible over learner performance and possible leadership influence on History learner performance. In addressing the problem of underperformance in History from a leadership point of view, the researchers were guided by the managerial leadership and humanism learning theories. The selected qualitative methodology adopted an ethnographic design to establish hidden inferences. A sample of thirty participants comprising the provincial coordinator for History, subject advisor, principals, departmental heads, teachers and learners was obtained based on the availability of History-offering schools in the study area. Data collection was mainly through interviews and meta-analysis of documents. Both deductive and inductive reasoning was applied using ATLAS.ti version 8.4 and thematic analysis in the data analyses process. The findings suggest several managerial leadership measures ranging from policy to practice. These amongst others include the recommendation that History as part of social science should be separated in totality from Geography.
KOMPETENSI DASAR DI SEKTOR TRANSPORTASI LAUT DAN LOGISTIK
Authors: Mulyono Tri , Verawati Kencana 
Published: December 2021

The highest development in the marine transportation and logistics sector at this time is adapting to Industry 4.0. Logistic productivity without involving comptencies human resources with expertise is inevitable. Including the development of technology, information and computers. A cluster of related knowledge, skills, and abilities that affects a role or responsibility, that correlates with performance on the job, that can be measured against well accepted standards, and that can be improved via training and development are comptencies needed in marine transportation and logistics sector. Based on literature from various books, journals and websites that are searched on the internet to answer the question of what competency is needed and why it is needed? The aim of research is to understand or explain basic competencies for logistics experts. The research is explanatory research. The basic competencies for logistics experts are (1) individual competencies as soft skill is represent personal attributes, and (2) academic competencies are critical competencies primarily learned in a school setting include cognitive functions and thinking styles.
Uncovering predictability of individual and team success: Significant Hot Hand Effect in International Cricket
Authors: Ram Sumit Kumar , Nandan Shyam , Sornette Didier 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We investigate the predictability and persistence (hot-hand effect) of individual and team performance by analyzing the complete recorded history of international cricket. We introduce an original temporal representation of performance streaks, which is suitable to be modelled as a self-exciting point process. We confirm the presence of predictability and hot-hands across the individual performance and the absence of the same in team performance and game outcome. Thus, Cricket is a game of skill for individuals and a game of chance for the teams. Our study contributes to recent historiographical debates concerning the presence of persistence in individual and collective productivity and success. The introduction of several metrics and methods can be useful to test and exploit clustering of performance in the study of human behavior and design of algorithms for predicting success.
Diagnostic Performance Improvement with Combined use of Proteomics Biomarker Assay and Breast Ultrasound
Authors: Ha Su Min , Kim Hong-Kyu , Kim Yumi , Noh Dong-Young , Han Wonshik , Chang Jung Min 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the combined use of blood-based 3-protein signature and breast ultrasound (US) for validating US detected lesions.Methods: From July 2011 to April 2020, women who underwent whole-breast US within at least 6 months from sampling period were retrospectively included. Blood-based 3-protein signature (Mastocheck®) value and US findings were evaluated. Following outcome measures were compared between US alone and the combination of Mastocheck® value with US: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and biopsy rate. Results: Among the 237 women included, 59 (24.9%) were healthy individuals and 178 (75.1%) cancer patients. Mean size of cancers was 1.2±0.8 cm. Median value of Mastocheck® was significantly different between non-malignant (-0.24, interquartile range [IQR], -0.48, -0.03) and malignant lesions (0.55, IQR, -0.03, 1.42) (P < .001). Utilizing Mastocheck® value with US increased the AUC from 0.67 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61, 0.73) to 0.81 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.88; P < .001), specificity from 35.6% (95% CI: 23.4, 47.8) to 64.4% (95% CI: 52.2, 76.6; P < .001) without loss in sensitivity. PPV was increased from 82.2% (95% CI: 77.1, 87.3) to 89.3% (95% CI: 85.0, 93.6; P < .001), and biopsy rate was significantly decreased from 79.3% (188/237) to 72.1% (171/237) (P < .001). Consistent improvements in specificity, PPV, and AUC were observed in asymptomatic women and in those with normal/benign mammographic findings. Conclusion: Mastocheck® is an effective tool that can be used with US to improve diagnostic specificity and reduce false-positive findings and unnecessary biopsies.
Deuterium labeling enables non-invasive 3D proton MR imaging of glucose and neurotransmitter metabolism in the human brain
Authors: Bednarik Petr , Goranovic Dario , Svátková Alena , Niess Fabian , Hingerl Lukas , Strasser Bernhard , Deelchand Dinesh , Spurny-Dworak Benjamin , Trattnig Siegfried , Hangel Gilbert , Scherer Thomas , Lanzenberger Rupert , Bogner Wolfgang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Impaired brain glucose metabolism characterizes most severe brain diseases. Recent studies have proposed deuterium (2H)-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) as a reliable, non-invasive, and safe method to quantify the human metabolism of 2H-labeled substrates such as glucose and their downstream metabolism (e.g., aerobic/anaerobic glucose utilization and neurotransmitter synthesis) and address the major drawbacks of positron emission tomography (PET) or carbon (13C)-MRS. Here, for the first time, we show an indirect dynamic proton (1H)-MRSI technique in humans, which overcomes four critical 2H-MRSI limitations. Our innovative approach provides higher sensitivity with improved spatial/temporal resolution and higher chemical specificity to differentiate glutamate (Glu4), glutamine (Gln4), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA2) deuterated at specific molecular positions while allowing simultaneous mapping of both labeled and unlabeled metabolites without the need for specialized hardware. Our novel method demonstrated significant Glu4, Gln4, and GABA2 decreases, with 18% faster Glu4 reduction in the gray matter than white matter after ingestion of deuterated glucose. Thus, robustly detected downstream glucose metabolism utilizing clinically available MR hardware without the need for radioactive tracers and PET.
Microseismicity and lithosphere thickness at a nearly amagmatic mid-ocean ridge
Authors: Chen Jie , Crawford Wayne , Cannat Mathilde 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Successive flip-flop detachment faults in a nearly-amagmatic region of the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) at 64°30'E accommodate ~100% of plate divergence, with mostly ultramafic seafloor. As magma is the main heat carrier to the oceanic lithosphere, the nearly-amagmatic SWIR 64°30'E is expected to have a very thick lithosphere. Here, our microseismicity data shows a 15-km thick seismogenic lithosphere, actually thinner than the more magmatic SWIR Dragon Flag detachment with the same spreading rate. This challenges current models of how spreading rate and melt supply control the thermal regime of mid-ocean ridges. Microearthquakes with normal focal mechanisms are colocated with seismically imaged damage zones of the detachment and reveal hanging-wall normal faulting, which is not seen at more magmatic detachments at the SWIR or the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. We also document a two-day seismic swarm, interpret as caused by an upward-migrating melt intrusion in the detachment footwall (6-11 km), triggering a sequence of shallower (~1.5 km) tectonic earthquakes in the detachment fault plane. This points to a possible link between sparse magmatism and tectonic failure at melt-poor ultraslow ridges.
A Comparative Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Across Different Altitudes
Authors: Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Fernandez-Naranjo Raul , Vásconez Jorge Eduardo , Vallejo-Janeta Alexander Paolo , Rivera-Olivero Ismar A , Lozada Tannya , Viscor Gines , Garcia-Bereguiain Miguel Angel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: SARS-CoV-2 has spread throughout the world, including areas located at high or very high altitudes. There is a debate about the role of high altitude hypoxia on viral transmission, incidence, and COVID-19 related mortality. This is the first comparison of SARS-CoV-2 viral load across elevations ranging from 0 to 4,300 m.Objective: To describe the SARS-CoV-2 viral load across samples coming from 62 cities located at low, moderate, high, and very high altitudes in Ecuador.Methodology: An observational analysis of viral loads among nasopharyngeal swap samples coming from a cohort of 4,929 patients with a RT-qPCR test positive for SARS-CoV-2.Results: The relationship between high and low altitude only considering our sample of 4,929 persons is equal in both cases and not significative (p-value 0.19). In the case of low altitude, adding the gender variable to the analysis, it was possible to find a significative difference between female and male gender (p-value 0.068). Considering initially gender and then altitude, it was possible to find a significative difference between high and low altitude for male gender (p-value 0.065). There is not enough evidence to state that viral load is affected directly by altitude range but adding a new variable as sex in the analysis shows that the presence of new variables influences the relationship of altitude range and viral load.Conclusions: There is no evidence that viral load differs at altitude level when we consider only one measure. Using as reference the variable gender is possible to note that at low altitude there is a difference between female and male gender. There is not difference between gender at high altitude level. In the case of considering gender as reference variable, it was possible to find that high and low altitude are different for male gender an equal for female gender. Viral load not only depends on altitude range; it also is affected by other variables like sex.
Living with dementia under COVID-19 restrictions: coping and support needs among people with dementia and carers from the IDEAL cohort
Authors: O'Rourke Gareth , Pentecost Claire , Heuvel Eleanor van den , Victor Christina , Quinn Catherine , Hillman Alexandra , Litherland Rachael , Clare Linda 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Stringent social restrictions imposed during 2020 to counter the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic could significantly affect the well-being and quality of life of people with dementia living in the community and their family carers. We explored the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on people with dementia and family carers in England and considered how negative effects might be mitigated. We conducted semi-structured telephone interviews with 11 people with dementia and 11 family carers who were ongoing participants in the IDEAL cohort during the initial ‘lockdown’ period in May-June 2020, and follow-up interviews with five people with dementia and two carers as restrictions were eased in July. We analysed interview data and triangulated the findings with issues raised in dementia-specific online forums. Findings showed some people with dementia were coping well, but others experienced a range of negative impacts, with varying degrees of improvement as restrictions were eased. The need for clear personalised information relating to COVID-19 and the value of support in the form of regular ‘just checking’ phone calls was emphasised. This exceptional situation provides a natural demonstration of how social and psychological resources shape the potential to ‘live well’ with dementia. While some support is recommended for all, a personalised approach to determine needs and coping ability would ensure that further practical and emotional support is targeted effectively.
Bacterial Product Template Domain: An Evolutionary Intermediate between Dehydratase and Aldol Cyclase of Type I Polyketide Synthases
Authors: Feng yuanyuan , Yang Xu , Ji Huining , Deng Zixin , Lin Shuangjun , Zheng Jianting 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The product template (PT) domains act as an aldol cyclase to control the regiospecific aldol cyclization of the extremely reactive poly-β-ketone intermediate assembled by an iterative type I polyketide synthases (PKSs). Up to now, only the structure of fungal PksA PT that mediates the first-ring cyclization via C4-C9 aldol cyclization is available. We describe here the structural and computational characterization of a bacteria PT domain that controls C2-C7 cyclization in orsellinic acid (OSA) synthesis. Mutating the catalytic His949 of the PT abolishes production of OSA and results in a tetraacetic acid lactone (TTL) generated by spontaneous O-C cyclization of the acyl carrier protein (ACP)-bound tetraketide intermediate. Crystal structure of the bacterial PT domain closely resembles dehydrase (DH) domains of modular type I PKSs in the overall fold, dimerization interface and catalytic “His-Asp” dyad organization, but is significantly different from PTs of fungal iterative type I PKSs. QM/MM calculation reveals that the catalytic His949 abstracts a proton from C2 and transfers it to C7 carbonyl to mediate the cyclization reaction. According to the structural similarity to DHs and the functional similarity to fungal PTs, we propose that the bacterial PT represents an evolutionary intermediate between the two tailoring domains of type I PKSs.
Jaya Optimization Algorithm Implemented on A New Novel Design of 6-DOF AUV Body: A Case Study
Authors: Basil Noorulden , Marhoon Hamzah M. , Ibrahim Ahmed R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Novel Jaya Optimization Algorithm (JOA) was utilized in this research to evaluate the efficiency of a new novel design of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV). The Three Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers were used to obtain the optimum output for the AUV Trajectory, which can be considered as a main side of the research for solving the AUV Performance. The optimization technique has been developed to solving the motion model of the AUV in order to reduce the rotations of trajectory for the AUV 6-DOF Body in the axis’s in x, y and z for the overall positions, velocity... etc., and to execute the optimum output for the dynamic kinematics model based on the Novel Euler-6 DOF AUV Body Equation implemented on MATLAB R2021a Version.