bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entomopathogenic Rickia wasmannii fungal infection generated colony-level stress effects cause size decline in Myrmica ants
Authors: Csősz Sándor , Rádai Zoltán , Tartally András , Ballai Lilla Erika , Báthori Ferenc 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Parasitism-generated negative effects on ant societies are multifaceted, implying individual and colony-level responses. Though laboratory based evidence shows that the sublethal fungus Rickia wasmannii is responsible for physiological and behavioral responses that may negatively affect individual workers’ resilience and life expectancy in Myrmica ant workers, colony-level stress response to this parasite is largely unknown. Here, we focus on understanding of a long-term, colony-level effect of Rickia infection on Myrmica scabrinodis ant populations by tracking trait size-based changes. We collected worker specimens from infected and uninfected colonies from the same population in order to: (i) compare body size in response to parasitism, (ii) assess the extent to which possible changes in size are associated with the severity of infection, and (iii) investigate shifts in body size in response to infection over time by testing correlation of workers’ ages and sizes. We found that workers from infected colonies were significantly smaller than their healthy congeners, but neither infection level nor the age of the workers showed significant correlation with the size in infected colonies. Decreasing body sizes in infected colonies can be ascribed to workers’ mediated stress toward developing larvae, which are unable to attain the average body size before they pupate.
Population Based Cohort Study of Fetal Deaths, and Neonatal and Perinatal Mortality at Term Within a Somali Diaspora
Authors: Contag Stephen , Nardos Rahel , Buhimschi Irina , Almanza Jennifer 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Delivery among Somali women occurs later, we have no information on the associated perinatal mortality. Our objective is to compare perinatal mortality among Somali women with the population rates.Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study 2011-2017. Information was obtained from certificates of birth, neonatal and fetal death through data use agreement signed between the Minnesota Department of Health and the University of Minnesota. Data derived from 470,550 non-anomalous births >20 weeks of gestation in Minnesota 2011-2017. We included all U.S. born White, U.S. born Black, women born in Somalia or self-identified as Somali, and women who identified as Hispanic regardless of place of birth (377,426), and excluded births <37 weeks and >42 weeks, > 1 fetus, age <18 or >45 years, or women of other ethnicities. The exposure was documented ethnicity or place of birth, and the outcomes were live birth, fetal death, neonatal death prior to 28 days, and perinatal mortality rates. These were calculated using binomial proportions with 95% confidence intervals and compared using odds ratios (aOR) adjusted for diabetes, hypertension and maternal body mass index.Results: The aOR for fetal and neonatal death in the Somali cohort was greater than for U.S. born White (aOR, 2.05 [95%CI: 1.49 - 2.83], aOR 1.84 [95%CI: 1.36 - 2.48]) and Hispanic women (aOR, 1.90 [95%CI: 1.30 - 2.79] and 1.47 [95%CI: 1.05 - 2.06] respectively). Limiting the analysis to those with spontaneous onset of labor (SOL) did not modify the results. This effect persisted up to 41 weeks after which the risk was similar to that of U.S. born White women but lower than for U.S. born Black women and Hispanic women.Conclusions: Despite greater mean gestational age, Somali fetal death rates are similar to population rates. Neonatal mortality is increased compared with White women, but similar to that of other minorities in Minnesota. Somali neonatal mortality decreased and was comparable to that of the White population after 41 weeks.
Fear Inoculation Among Snake Experts
Authors: Coelho Carlos M. , Polák Jakub , Suttiwan Panrapee , Zsido Andras N. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Fear acquisition of certain stimuli, such as snakes, is thought to be rapid, resistant to extinction, and easily transferable onto other similar objects. It has been hypothesized that due to increased survival chances, preparedness to instantly acquire fear towards evolutionary threats has been hardwired into neural pathways of the primate brain. Here, we compare participants’ fear of snakes according to experience; from those who often deal with snakes and even suffer snakebites to those unfamiliar with snakes. Methods: The Snake Questionnaire-12 (SNAQ-12) and Specific Phobia Questionnaire (SPQ) were administered to three groups of participants with a different level of experience with snakes and snakebites: 1) snake experts, 2) firefighters, and 3) college students. Results: This study shows that individuals more experienced with snakes demonstrate lower fear. Moreover, participants who have suffered a snakebite (either venomous or not) score lower on fear of snakes (SNAQ-12), but not of all other potentially phobic stimuli (SPQ). Conclusions: Our results suggest that a harmless benign exposure might immunize people to highly biologically prepared fears of evolutionary threats, such as snakes.
GoodReports - developing a website to help health researchers find and use reporting guidelines
Authors: Struthers Caroline , Harwood James , Beyer Jennifer Anne de , Dhiman Paula , Logullo Patricia , Schlüssel Michael 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The EQUATOR Network improves the quality and transparency in health research, primarily by promoting awareness and use of reporting guidelines. In 2018, the UK EQUATOR Centre launched GoodReports.org, a website that helps authors find and use reporting guidelines. This paper describes the tool’s development so far. We evaluated user experience and behaviour while using the website as part of manuscript submission to a journal to inform future development. Methods: We conducted a survey to collect data on users’ experience of the GoodReports website during manuscript submission. We assessed the tool’s reliability by checking our agreement with the tool’s checklist recommendation on a random sample of manuscripts submitted to a partner journal. We compared the proportion of authors submitting a reporting checklist alongside their manuscripts between groups exposed or not exposed to the GoodReports tool. We compared the text of manuscripts before an author received a reporting guideline recommendation with the text subsequently submitted to the partner journal. Results: Seventy percent (423/599) of survey respondents rated GoodReports 8 or more out of 10 for usefulness, and 74% (198/267) said they had made changes to their manuscript after using the website. We agreed with the GoodReports reporting guideline recommendation in 84% (72/86) of cases. Of authors who completed the guideline finder questionnaire, 14% (10/69) failed to submit a completed checklist compared to 30% (41/136) who did not use the tool. Of the 69 authors who received a GoodReports reporting guideline recommendation, 20 manuscript pairs were included in a before-and-after study. Five included more information in their methods section after exposure to GoodReports. On average, authors reported 57% of necessary reporting items before completing a checklist on GoodReports.org and 60% after. Conclusion: The data provide encouraging signs that GoodReports could increase the use of reporting guidelines. They also underline the need for reporting guidance to be introduced early in the writing process. We are developing GoodReports by adding more reporting guidelines to the database, and by developing the functionality to integrate reporting items into Word article templates. We will test whether GoodReports users write more complete study reports in a randomised trial.
Thioxanthone-based thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters showing fast reverse intersystem crossing for efficient organic light-emitting diodes with small efficiency roll-off
Authors: Ren Yongxia , Wada Yoshimasa , Suzuki Katsuaki , Kusakabe Yu , Geldsetzer Jan , Kaji Hironori 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence-based organic light-emitting diodes (TADF OLEDs) usually suffer from severe efficiency roll-off at high brightness which is considered to originate from slow reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) and resulting long-lived triplet excitons. The development of TADF molecules with very fast RISC is an effective approach to overcome this issue. Here, we report two TADF molecules (MCz-TXO, DMCz-TXO) having thioxanthone as an acceptor unit to introduce heavy atom effect. Theoretical calculations predict that both molecules will achieve close energy level matching of the charge-transfer and locally excited triplet states (3CT and 3LE, respectively), together with a small energy gap between 3CT and the lowest excited singlet state. The newly designed molecule, MCz-TXO, showed an extremely large rate constant of RISC (kRISC) of 6.4×107 s− 1, one of the largest kRISC values among all reported pure organic TADF emitters. Moreover, DMCz-TXO showed not only a large kRISC but also a large rate constant of radiative decay both exceeding 107 s− 1, offering a sub-microsecond-scale delayed lifetime (~ 0.8 µs). These thioxanthone-based emitters exhibited great device performances with suppressed efficiency roll-offs at high luminance when applied to OLEDs.
Gliadin-mediated green preparation of Hybrid Zinc Oxide Nanospheres With Antibacterial Activity and Low Toxicity
Authors: Wang Qun , Ji Peng , Yao Yansheng , Liu Yi , Zhang Yajie , Wang Xianglong , Wang Yuhang , Wu Jinyan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The development of inorganic antibacterial agents that impart antibacterial properties to biomaterials has attracted widely attention. The paper introduced a kind of hybrid nanosphere antibacterial agent composed of wheat gliadin (WG) and zinc oxide (ZnO), with antibacterial effecacy and low toxicity. The ZnO/WG hybrid nanospheres were environment-friendly integrated by molecular self-assembly co-precipitating and freeze-drying transformating, and were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), bacteriostasis test and safety evaluation. It was found that the prepared hybrid nanospheres were composed of two components, ZnO and wheat gliadin, with a diameter scope of 100~200 nm. The content of ZnO in the hybrid nanospheres can reach 46.9~70.2% (w/w); The anti-bacteria tests proved that the prepared ZnO/WG nanospheres (containing 70% ZnO) have an significant inhibitory effect on E. coli (E.C.) and Staphylococcus aureus(S.A.) while the suspension concentration of the nanospheres was above 5 mg/mL. Furthermore, the ZnO/WG nanospheres are relatively safe and highly effective in cells and mice. Therefore, the prepared novel ZnO/WG hybrid nanospheres were supposed to apply in the preparation of anti-infective wound dressings, tissue engineering skin scaffold materials, food and cosmetics preservatives, and so on.
Novel Thiadiazoline Spiro Quinoline Analogues Induced Cell death in MCF-7 cells via G2/M Phase Cell Cycle Arrest
Authors: Shyamsivappan Selvaraj , Vivek Raju , Suresh Thangaraj , Kaviyarasu Adhigaman , Amsaveni Sundarasamy , Athimoolam Shunmuganarayanan , Mohan Palathurai Subramaniam 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A progression of novel thiadiazoline spiro quinoline derivatives were synthesized from potent thiadiazoline spiro quinoline derivatives . The synthesized compounds portrayed by different spectroscopic studies and single X-ray crystallographic studies. The compounds were assessed for in vitro anticancer properties towards MCF-7 and HeLa cells. The compounds showed superior inhibition action MCF-7 malignant growth cells. Amongst, the compound 4a showed significant inhibition activity, the cell death mechanism was evaluated by fluorescent staining, and flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and western blot analyses. The in vitro anticancer results revealed that the compound 4a induced apoptosis by inhibition of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. The binding affinity of the compounds with ERα and pharmacokinetic properties were confirmed by molecular docking studies.
The fear of social stigma experienced by men: A barrier to male involvement in maternal services in Misungwi District, rural Tanzania
Authors: Boniphace Maendeleo , Matovelo Dismas , Laisser Rose , Yohani Victoria , Swai Hadija , Subi Leonard , Masatu Zabroni , Tinka Sylvia , Mercader Hannah Faye G. , Brenner Jennifer L. , Mitchell Jennifer L. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Evidence have shown that male involvement is associated with improved maternal health outcomes. In rural Tanzania, men are the main decision makers and may determine women’s access to health services and ultimately their health outcomes. Despite efforts geared towards enhancing male participation in maternal health care, participation remains low; one barrier that impacts men’s participation is the fear and experience of social stigma. This study, built on previous findings about men’s perspectives in attending antenatal care appointments in Misungwi district in Tanzania, more closely examines the fear of social stigma among men attending maternal health services. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted on data collected for a broader research study on male involvement in maternal services. We conducted twelve focus group discussions with males of reproductive age, and six in depth interviews with health care workers and village leaders. Interviews were audiotaped and transcripts were transcribed and translated to English. Transcripts were organized in NVivo V.12 then analyzed using thematic approach. Results: Three main themes were found to create fear of social stigma for men: 1. Fear of HIV testing; 2. Traditional Gender Norms and 3. Financial and material insecurity. Conclusion: Respondent’s experiences reveal that fear of social stigma is a major barrier to attend maternal services with their partners. Attention must be given to the complex sociocultural norms and social context that underly this issue at the community level. Strategies to address fear of social stigma require an understanding of the real reasons some men do not attend maternal services and require community engagement of community health workers (CHWs), government officials and other stakeholders who understand the local context.
Inkjet-printed Plasma Sheet: From Manufacturing to Application
Authors: Kim Jinwoo , Park Sanghoo , Choe Wonho 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The global health crisis caused by the recent pandemic has led to increasing social demand for ‘new normal’ sanitizing and disinfecting facilities to fit our ‘new normal’ lives. Here, we introduce an inkjet-printed, thin-film plasma source applicable to dry disinfection processes. In contrast to conventional plasma reactors, the merits of plasma produced on a film include disposability, cost-effectiveness, and applicability to high-dimensional objects such as the human body. The developed flexible plasma film can be applied to a wide variety of shapes via origami — remaining plasma stable even when bent. However, electrode dissipation has been a practical issue in the long-term operation of inkjet-printed plasma sources, which is troublesome from application perspectives. We focus on making the inkjet-printed electrode more plasma stress-resistant, thereby increasing its lifespan from a few minutes to two hours of continuous operation with optimal inkjet printing and passivation, thus increasing the practicality of the source. Considering the fact that ozone and nitrogen oxides are selectively produced by plasma, we implement a disposable pouch-type plasma source and examine its usefulness in extending the shelf life of food.
Impact of Obesity on Adverse Pathological Characteristics After Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Xia Shuai , Zhuo JiaTong , Li Tao , Liu Ranlu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The effect of obesity on pathological features was different from country to country in other studies. To investigate whether obesity affected pathological characteristics of PCa after laparoscopic radical prostatectmy (LRP) in Chinese man.Methods: Medical record of 670 Chinese patients who underwent LRP between 2018 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient height and weight were meaured before surgery to calculate the body mass index (BMI). They were categorized into three groups according to Chinese classification of obesity: normol weight (BMI＜24.0kg/m2),overweight (24.0 ≤ BMI ＜28.0kg/m2) and obese(BMI≥28.0kg/m2). The associations between BMI and operating age, preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, were assessed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. The associations between BMI and pathological features were assessed with chi –square test.Results: Of the 670 patients, 31.5% patients were normal weight, 51.3% were overweight, 17.2% were obese. Operating age (P=0.029) tend to decrease as BMI increased. Seminal vesicle invasion differ significantly among BMI categoties (P=0.003), and other adverse pathologic characteristics , such as positive surgical margin (PSM) (P=0.851), International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade(P=0.194), extracapsular extension(P=0.460) were not associated with BMI categoties. In the Logistic regression model, higher BMI was an independent risk factors for seminal vesicle invasion after adjusting for multiple clinical preoperative characteristics.Conclusions: Overweight and obese Chinese PCa patients treated by LRP had lower operating age compared to normal weight patients. Seminal vesicle invasion was associated with higher BMI and other adverse pathologic characteristics are not significantly affected by BMI.
Association of Body Mass Index and maternal age with first stage duration of labour
Authors: Lundborg Louise , Liu Xingrong , Åberg Katarina , Sandström Anna , Tilden Ellen L. , Stephansson Olof , Ahlberg Mia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To evaluate associations between early-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) and active first stage labour duration, accounting for possible interaction with maternal age, we conducted a cohort study of women with spontaneous onset of labour allocated to Robson group 1. Quantile regression analysis was performed to estimate first stage labour duration between BMI categories in two maternal age subgroups (more and less than 30 years). Results show that obesity (BMI > 30) among younger women (< 30 years) increased the median labour duration of first stage by 30 minutes compared with normal weight women (BMI < 25), and time difference estimated at the 90 th quantile was more than one hour. Active first stage labour time differences between obese and normal weight women was modified by maternal age. In conclusion: a) obesity is associated with longer duration of first stage of labour, and b) maternal age is an effect modifier for this association. This novel finding of an effect modification between BMI and maternal age contributes to the body of evidence that supports a more individualized approach when describing labour duration.
Decoding the molecular mechanism of parthenocarpy in Musa spp. through protein-protein interaction network
Authors: Suthanthiram Backiyarani , Rajendran Sasikala , Simeon Sharmiladevi , Subbaraya Uma 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Banana, one of the most important staple, delicious fruit among global consumers is highly sterile owing to natural parthenocarpy. Identification of genetic factors responsible for parthenocarpy would facilitate the conventional breeders to improve the seeded accessions. We have constructed Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network through mining differentially expressed genes and the genes used for transgenic studies with respect to parthenocarpy. Based on the topological and pathway enrichment analysis of proteins in PPI network, 12 candidate genes were shortlisted. By exploring the PPI of candidate genes from the putative network, we postulated a putative pathway that bring insights into the significance of cytokinin mediated CLV-WUSHEL signaling pathway in addition to gibberellin mediated auxin signaling pathway in parthenocarpy. Further validation of candidate genes in seeded and seedless accession of Musa spp using qRT-PCR put forward AGL8, MADS16, IAA (GH3.8), RGA1, EXPA1, GID1C, HK2 and BAM1 as possible target genes in natural parthenocarpy. In contrary, expression profile of ACLB-2 and ZEP is anticipated to highlight the difference in artificially induced and natural parthenocarpy. Our analysis is the first attempt to identify candidate genes and to hypothesize a putative mechanism that bridges the gaps in understanding natural parthenocarpy through protein-protein interaction network.
HER2-antigen-specific humoral immune response in breast cancer lymphocytes transplanted in hu-PBL hIL-4 NOG mice
Authors: Ohno Yusuke , Oshima Shino , Miyamoto Asuka , Kametani Fuyuki , Ito Ryoji , Tsuda Banri , Kasama Yukie , Nakada Shunsuke , Kashiwagi Hirofumi , Yasuda Atsushi , Seki Toshiro , Ando Kiyoshi , Ito Mamoru , Tokuda Yutaka , Kametani Yoshie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The status of humoral immunity of cancer patients is not clear compared to cellular immunity because the ability of specific antibody production is difficult to analyze in vitro. We previously developed a humanized mouse model to evaluate antigen-specific antibody production by transplanting human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) into NOG-hIL-4-Tg mice (hu-PBL hIL-4 NOG). In this study, these mice were transplanted with PBMCs derived from breast cancer patients (BC) and immunized with a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) peptide, CH401MAP, to analyze humoral immunity of BCs. The hu-PBL hIL-4 NOG mice recapitulated immune environment of BCs as the ratio of CD8+/CD4 + T cells was lower and that of PD-1 + T cells were higher compared to healthy donor (HD). Diverse clusters were detected in BC-mouse (BC-M) plasma components involving immunoglobulins and complements unlike HD-M, and there was a significant diversity in CH401MAP-specific IgG titers in BC-M. The number of B cell clones producing high CH401MAP-specific IgG was not increased by immunization in BC-M unlike HD-M. These results demonstrated that the humoral immunity of BCs appeared as diverse phenotypes different from HDs in hu-PBL hIL-4 NOG mice, which may provide important information for the study of personalized medicine. (198)
How psychological frustration tolerance and self-esteem influence the association between father absence and hostility in depressed adolescents: a multiple mediation model
Authors: Liu Xiao-Ge , Xie Ru-Yue , Li Yang , Xiong Fang , Li Wen-Tian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: In China, father absence is a very common phenomenon, causing many mental health problems, such as the hostility of depressed teenagers. This study is to explore the relationship between father absence and hostility of depressed adolescents as well as the mediating effects of self-esteem and psychological frustration tolerance.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among depressed adolescents in Wuhan mental health center. They were assessed with Father absence questionnaire, Chinese Hostility Inventory, Psychological Endurance Questionnaire and Self-esteem Scale. We used PROCESS macro for SPSS to perform mediation analyses.Results: The level of adolescent hostility was positively correlated with father absence, and negatively correlated with self-esteem and psychological frustration tolerance. Father absence had not a direct impact on the level of hostility with depression, but had indirect impact via psychological frustration tolerance and self-esteem. Conclusion: Psychological frustration tolerance and self-esteem has a chain mediating effect on the relationship between father absence and hostility. Future intervention strategies could focus on psychological frustration tolerance and self-esteem to reduce the level of hostility of adolescents with depression.