bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
World’s End: Punk Films from London and New York, 1977–1984
Authors: Halligan Benjamin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This chapter discusses punk films set in London and New York from the late 1970s to the early 1980s. Their chief characteristics are considered in relation to two areas of discussion. First, it addresses an idea of an endemic alienation that, unlike the alienation understood to determine previous periods of filmmaking about youthful rebels, may seem without the possibility of exit or alleviation. Punk versions of “no future” are contrasted with the optimism detected in films allied with disco. Second, it looks at an idea of liminal spaces, arising from uses and repurposings of semi-abandoned inner-city areas. An essential divergence in the possibilities of the punk lifestyle is identified and explored: that New York punk cinema more typically suggests the beginnings of a regeneration and cultural renaissance, while London punk cinema seems uniformly downbeat.
Postericide and Intergenerational Ethics
Authors: McKinnon Catriona 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the Anthropocene, future people are dangerously vulnerable to the conduct of present people. The advances made by humanity since the Industrial Revolution give the current generation the ability to damage and degrade the environment in ways that could make humanity go extinct. What measures should be taken to protect future people from the dangers of extinction they face? This chapter outlines a new international crime of postericide as a morally required response to humanity’s changed circumstances. Postericide is committed when an agent intentionally or recklessly performs conduct fit to bring about the extinction of humanity. International criminal law contains no precedents for the prosecution of postericide. A proper understanding of the moral imperatives embodied in international criminal law shows that it is, in this respect, incomplete. Drawing on political and legal theory, moral philosophy, and jurisprudence, this chapter defends postericide as a moral necessity in the Anthropocene, and shows how it is entailed by the ideals at the heart of international criminal law.
Celebrating Holidays and Instilling Values
Authors: Baun Dylan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Religion is not often a subtopic in historical studies on youth culture in the twentieth century. This is because scholars often stress the retreat of religion in the face of global secularization. However, religion permeated through youth culture during the modern age in both overt and subtle ways. A focus on youth organizations—specifically in the so-called “sectarian society” of Lebanon and others like it in the Global South—and the sources they left behind work to prove this contention. Religion, nation, and masculine uprightness were inseparable and equal parts of youth culture in the twentieth century. This can be seen by exploring two fields in the historical construction of youth: religious holidays and values. Whether in practice or morals, religious doctrine was not central to youth organization in pluralistic societies during this period. Yet, religious identity served as the basis for group structure, discipline, and youth experience.
Health Justice, Activism, and the Crisis of HIV/AIDS in South Africa
Authors: Mbali Mandisa 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The political economy of the AIDS crisis in South Africa’s past can be understood in terms of the concept of health justice. In particular, health justice can help us interpret the history of AIDS in South Africa according to the intersecting manifestations of socioeconomic inequality in the country, including the migrant labor system, the apartheid-era health system, with its racial segregation and inferior service provision for black people, the feminization of poverty, and, legal and institutionalized homophobia and transphobia. We can also use the overarching concept of health justice to understand the histories of public health and progressive health advocacy in relation to the epidemic over three periods. First, early in the history of the disease in South Africa, health injustice was manifest in the socioeconomic phenomena behind its arrival in the country in 1982. Secondly, its subsequent entrenchment in the country in the pre-1994 period can be related to South Africa’s late-apartheid political economy. Thirdly, in the postapartheid period, the Nelson Mandela (1994–1999) and Thabo Mbeki (1999–2008) administrations exhibited deficits in political will in the development of effective AIDS policies, most notably evident in Mbeki’s AIDS denialism. In response to this, in 1998 the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) emerged from the AIDS advocacy of various strands of antiapartheid activism. The last section highlights how the TAC’s activism influenced global health politics from the late 1990s to the early 2000s. This history points to the TAC’s valuable legacy of activism in addressing AIDS and general health injustices. Interpreting the socioeconomic and political history of AIDS is of wider relevance to important historiographical bodies of literature in relation to South Africa, including those around medicine and health, gender and sexuality, black politics and social movements, and, South Africa’s role in world history. The topic is therefore especially deserving of sustained study.
The Priestly Writing(s): Scope and Nature
Authors: Wöhrle Jakob 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The existence of the so-called priestly writing is one of the most important theories in the research on the formation of the Pentateuch. This essay will discuss the five most important aspects of the current debate about the priestly writing. It will address the literary character of the priestly passages, the original end of the priestly writing, the formation of the Holiness Code, the date of the priestly writing, and the overall intention of this corpus.
The Pentateuch: Five Books, One Canon
Authors: Artus Olivier 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This essay investigates the division of the Pentateuch into five scrolls of unequal length. It considers the dating of this division and the structuring that it creates, especially in relation to the Pentateuch’s narrative cycles; it also considers the ways that the combined text reflects its earlier compositional history. Finally, the essay considers the evidence for understanding each pentateuchal scroll/book as well as the Pentateuch overall as a literary unit. In the latter discussion, it gives special attention to the book of numbers.
Ancient Near Eastern Literature and the Pentateuch
Authors: Wright David P. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Modern academic biblical scholarship has observed a range of correlations between biblical texts and other texts from the larger ancient Near Eastern world. The observed correspondences have been used phenomenologically and interpretively to raise questions for investigation and offer insights for understanding the biblical texts, especially by contrasts between the texts. A more dynamic and controversial mode of comparative analysis, the focus of this survey, is to ask whether similarities point to a genetic relationship between cultures with the goal of historical reconstruction and placing the Hebrew biblical texts and ideas in their Near Eastern context.
Pentateuchal and Ancient Near Eastern Ritual
Authors: Feder Yitzhaq 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This essay will discuss recent developments in the comparative study of biblical ritual, focusing specifically on the Priestly source of the Pentateuch. It will introduce some basic problems with the definition of “ritual” and address the relationship between text and practice; provide an overview of theoretical developments in the study of ritual; focus on the identification and significant of extrabiblical parallels for dating and interpretation; and examine the contribution of these materials for understanding the textualization of priestly ritual.
The Pentateuch and the Samaritans
Authors: Kartveit Magnar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This essay traces the development in the study of the Samaritan Pentateuch in the West from its beginnings until the present. It describes the various manuscript witnesses and editions and also considers inscriptional and other archaeological evidence. It also discusses the character of the Samaritan Pentateuch in comparison with other Hebrew texts as well as early translations. The essay concludes with a discussion of recent reconstructions of the Pentateuch’s emergence in the Persian and Hellenistic periods.
Foreign Direct Investment
Authors: Wellhausen Rachel L. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Consensus on the concept of foreign direct investment (FDI) has sparked an enormous body of research that confirms the importance of separating FDI and its politics from other forms of international economy activity. At the same time, international political economy research on FDI is in danger of becoming a victim of its own success: by too readily accepting the parameters of “F,” “D,” and “I,” we risk undervaluing high-priority research agendas that push conceptual boundaries. As evidence, this chapter highlights gains made by probing the “F” in FDI—by disaggregating national origins; separating foreign state or private owners; and considering “F” in the context of its domestic counterparts. Recognizing the huge progress made due to de facto agreement on what constitutes FDI, scholars in all IPE research traditions would do well to prioritize research questions that critically engage with the concept.
Ethics of Reproductive Genetic Carrier Screening: From the Clinic to the Population
Authors: Dive Lisa , Newson Ainsley J 
Published: May 2021

AbstractReproductive genetic carrier screening (RCS) is increasingly being offered more widely, including to people with no family history or otherwise elevated chance of having a baby with a genetic condition. There are valid reasons to reject a prevention-focused public health ethics approach to such screening programs. Rejecting the prevention paradigm in this context has led to an emphasis on more individually-focused values of freedom of choice and fostering reproductive autonomy in RCS. We argue, however, that population-wide RCS has sufficient features in common with other public health screening programs that it becomes important also to attend to its public health implications. Not doing so constitutes a failure to address the social conditions that significantly affect people’s capacity to exercise their reproductive autonomy. We discuss how a public health ethics approach to RCS is broader in focus than prevention. We also show that additional values inherent to ethical public health—such as equity and solidarity—are essential to underpin and inform the aims and implementation of reproductive carrier screening programs.
Physical Therapist Recognition and Referral of Individuals With Suspected Lyme Disease
Authors: Shea Jennifer 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The most commonly reported vector-borne and tick-borne disease in the United States is Lyme disease. Individuals with Lyme disease may present with a wide array of symptoms with resultant musculoskeletal, neurological, and cardiac manifestations that may cause them to seek physical therapist services. The symptoms may develop insidiously and with a variable presentation among individuals. Many persons with Lyme disease do not recall a tick bite or present with an erythema migrans rash, which is considered pathognomonic for the disease. Even if they do, they may fail to associate either with their symptoms, making the diagnosis elusive. It is important to diagnose individuals early in the disease process when antibiotic treatment is most likely to be successful. Physical therapists are in a unique position to recognize the possibility that individuals may have Lyme disease and refer them to another practitioner when appropriate. The purpose of this article is to (1) present an overview of the etiology, incidence, and clinical manifestations of Lyme disease, (2) review evaluation findings that should raise the index of suspicion for Lyme disease, (3) discuss the use of an empirically validated tool for differentiating those with Lyme disease from healthy individuals, (4) discuss the current state of diagnostic testing, and (5) review options for diagnosis and treatment available to individuals for whom referral is recommended.
Complex Decongestive Therapy in the Physical Therapist Management of Rosacea-Related Edema (Morbus Morbihan Syndrome): A Case Report with a New Approach
Authors: Ҫinar Gamze Nalan , Özgül Serap , Nakip Gülbala , Üzelpasaci Esra , Baran Emine , Gürşen Ceren , Elҫin Gonca , Akbayrak Türkan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this case report was to describe the use of complete decongestive therapy (CDT) with a new approach in the management of a male patient with facial edema related to Morbus Morbihan Syndrome (MMS).
Methods: An 18-year-old male patient with MMS after acne treatment was the subject of this case report. Volume assessment was performed with distance measurements of the facial area using standard reference points, the overflow method, and the measurement of the percentage of subdermal fluid. Patient-reported symptoms of lymphedema (feeling of swelling and tightness) and body image perception were evaluated with the “Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)”, and the severity of anxiety was evaluated with the “State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)”. In addition, the patient’s perception of improvement was determined using a Likert-type scale. Evaluations were performed at baseline, week-4 (during the treatment) and week-8 (immediately after treatment). CDT was applied to the patient in a total of 24 sessions, 3 days a week for 8 weeks.
Results: Compared to the baseline measurement, the facial distances (tragus-mental cavity, tragus-mouth corner, mandibula-nasal canal, mandibula-internal orbita, mandibula-external orbita, mental cavity-internal orbita, mental cavity-mandibula, right–left tragus, and hairline in the forehead-mental cavity), the volume and the percentage of subdermal fluid of facial area were found to be decreased at the 4th and 8th week measurements. The anxiety score, patient reports of feelings of swelling and tightness, and body image perception improved after the 8-weeks of treatment compared to baseline.
Conclusion: This case report described the use of CDT in treating edema and patient symptoms in a patient with facial lymphedema related to MMS. Body image and level of anxiety improved.
Identification of a shared genetic risk locus for Kawasaki disease and immunoglobulin A vasculitis by a cross-phenotype meta-analysis
Authors: Carmona Elio G , García-Giménez Jose A , López-Mejías Raquel , Khor Chiea Chuen , Lee Jong-Keuk , Taskiran Ekim , Ozen Seza , Hocevar Alojzija , Liu Lili , Gorenjak Mario , Potočnik Uroš , Kiryluk Krzysztof , Ortego-Centeno Norberto , Cid María C , Hernández-Rodríguez José , Castañeda Santos , González-Gay Miguel A , Burgner David , Martín Javier , Márquez Ana ,   Spanish IgA Vasculitis Consortium;* International Kawasaki Disease Genetics Consortium
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Combining of genomic data of different pathologies as a single phenotype has emerged as a useful strategy to identify genetic risk loci shared among immune-mediated diseases. Our study aimed to increase our knowledge of the genetic contribution to Kawasaki disease (KD) and IgA vasculitis (IgAV) by performing the first comprehensive large-scale analysis on the genetic overlap between them.

Methods
A total of 1190 vasculitis patients and 11 302 healthy controls were analysed. First, in the discovery phase, genome-wide data of 405 KD patients and 6252 controls and 215 IgAV patients and 1324 controls, all of European origin, were combined using an inverse variance meta-analysis. Second, the top associated polymorphisms were selected for replication in additional independent cohorts (570 cases and 3726 controls). Polymorphisms with P-values ≤5 × 10−8 in the global IgAV–KD meta-analysis were considered as shared genetic risk loci.

Results
A genetic variant, rs3743841, located in an intron of the NAGPA gene, reached genome-wide significance in the cross-disease meta-analysis (P = 8.06 × 10−10). Additionally, when IgAV was individually analysed, a strong association between rs3743841 and this vasculitis was also evident [P = 1.25 × 10−7; odds ratio = 1.47 (95% CI 1.27, 1.69)]. In silico functional annotation showed that this polymorphism acts as a regulatory variant modulating the expression levels of the NAGPA and SEC14L5 genes.

Conclusion
We identified a new risk locus with pleiotropic effects on the two childhood vasculitides analysed. This locus represents the strongest non-HLA signal described for IgAV to date.
ESTIMATION OF THE EFFECTIVE DOSES FROM TYPICAL FLUOROSCOPIC EXAMINATIONS WITH BARIUM CONTRAST
Authors: Vodovatov Aleksandr , Golikov Vladislav , Kamyshanskaja Irina , Cheremysin Vladimir , Zinkevich Kseniya , Bernhardsson Christian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The current study aimed to estimate the effective doses and conversion coefficients (CCs) for typical barium swallow (BS), barium meal (BM) and barium enema (BE) protocols and to evaluate the impact of different examination parameters on the resulting CCs. Data were collected in surgical and therapy departments in St. Petersburg Urban Mariinsky Hospital. Computational models were developed using PCXMC 2.0 software. CCs (μSv × μGy−1 × m−2) were estimated, as follows, for over couch and under couch exposure geometries, respectively: 2.3 and 1.7 for BS (surgical department); 2.4 and 2.0 for BM (surgical department); 2.6 and 2.1 for BE (surgical department) 2.5 and 3.8 for BM (therapy department). The effective doses and CCs are mainly influenced by the combination of different fluoroscopic series and X-ray images taken in different projections, the irradiation field size and the energy characteristics of the X-ray beam.
Visceromotor roots of aesthetic evaluation of pain in art: an fMRI study
Authors: Ardizzi Martina , Ferroni Francesca , Umiltà Maria Alessandra , Pinardi Chiara , Errante Antonino , Ferri Francesca , Fadda Elisabetta , Gallese Vittorio 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Empathy for pain involves sensory and visceromotor brain regions relevant also in the first-person pain experience. Focusing on brain activations associated with vicarious experiences of pain triggered by artistic or non-artistic images, the present study aims to investigate common and distinct brain activation patterns associated with these two vicarious experiences of pain and to assess whether empathy for pain brain regions contributes to the formation of an aesthetic judgement (AJ) in non-art expert observers. Artistic and non-artistic facial expressions (painful and neutral) were shown to participants inside the scanner and then aesthetically rated in a subsequent behavioural session. Results showed that empathy for pain brain regions (i.e. bilateral insular cortex, posterior sector of the anterior cingulate cortex and the anterior portion of the middle cingulate cortex) and bilateral inferior frontal gyrus are commonly activated by artistic and non-artistic painful facial expressions. For the artistic representation of pain, the activity recorded in these regions directly correlated with participants’ AJ. Results also showed the distinct activation of a large cluster located in the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus for non-artistic stimuli. This study suggests that non-beauty-specific mechanisms such as empathy for pain are crucial components of the aesthetic experience of artworks.
Gender differences in the association of insomnia symptoms and coronary artery calcification in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis
Authors: Bertisch Suzanne M , Reid Michelle , Lutsey Pamela L , Kaufman Joel D , McClelland Robyn , Patel Sanjay R , Redline Susan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStudy ObjectivesTo quantify the gender-specific associations between insomnia symptoms and subclinical atherosclerosis, measured by coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores, which has strong predictive value for incident cardiovascular disease.MethodsWe analyzed data from 1,429 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Participants completed standardized questionnaires and underwent polysomnography (PSG) and 7-day actigraphy. Insomnia symptoms were defined as: self-reported trouble falling, staying or returning to sleep, early-morning awakenings, or hypnotic use, for ≥5 nights/week. MESA assessed CAC using computed tomography. We employed multivariable linear regression to model the probability of CAC &gt;0 overall and to model the linear continuous effect among those with nonzero CAC.ResultsOur sample was a mean age of 68.1 ± 9.1 years, 53.9% female, and 36.2% white, 28.0% black, 24.2% Hispanic, and 11.5% Chinese-American. Insomnia symptoms were present in 49.7% of men and 47.2% of women. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, insomnia symptoms was associated with an 18% higher prevalence of CAC (PR 1.18, 95% CI 1.04, 1.33) among females, but no association was observed among males (PR 1.00, 95% CI 0.91, 1.08). There was no evidence that the association between insomnia symptoms and prevalence of CAC &gt;0 differed by objective sleep duration status (by single-night PSG or multi-night actigraphy) in females or males.ConclusionsWe found that among women, insomnia symptoms were associated with an 18% higher prevalence of CAC compared to no insomnia. Insomnia symptoms were not associated with CAC prevalence in men. Additionally, there was no evidence that the association between insomnia symptoms and CAC score &gt;0 differed by objective short sleep duration status.
Single-Center Experience of Outcomes and Prescribing Patterns of IV Immunoglobulin Use in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Torbic Heather , Abdul-Wahab Sinan Samir , Ennala Sravanthi , Guduguntla Nagamani , Han Xiaozhen , Wang Xiaofeng , Duggal Abhijit , Krishnan Sudhir 
Published: May 2021

Objectives:
Previous literature has not compared prescribing practices of IV immunoglobulin in medical ICU survivors and nonsurvivors. The objective of this study was to study IV immunoglobulin use in patients admitted to a medical ICU evaluating differences between hospital survivors and nonsurvivors in regards to level of evidence supporting use, prescribing patterns, and cost.

Design:
Retrospective, observational study.

SETTING:
Single, academic medical center medical ICU.

PATIENTS:
Adults who received greater than or equal to 1 dose of IV immunoglobulin during their medical ICU admission from 2011 to 2018.

INTERVENTIONS:
Prescribing patterns, level of evidence supporting use, and cost.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
A total of 389 patients received greater than or equal to 1 dose of IV immunoglobulin for 46 discrete indications and 36.5% of indications had low-quality data supporting use of IV immunoglobulin. The primary indication for IV immunoglobulin was hypogammaglobulinemia (35.5%) followed by antibody-mediated lung transplant rejection (15.4%). Nonsurvivors received lower median dosing (g/kg) and number of doses compared with survivors (0.4 g/kg [0.4–1 g/kg] vs 0.5 g/kg [0.4–1 g/kg] [p = 0.0003] and 1.0 [1–2] vs 2 [1–3] doses [p = 0.0001], respectively). Dosing was based on ideal body weight in 258 patients (66%). High-quality data supported IV immunoglobulin use in 15 patients (4%). The median cost per dose of IV immunoglobulin in nonsurvivors was $4,893 ($4,078–$8,155) versus $5,709 ($4,078–$10,602) in survivors (p = 0.04).

Conclusions:
IV immunoglobulin is prescribed for many indications in the medical ICU with low-quality evidence supporting its use and dosing regimens are variable. Hospital survivors received a higher dose and greater number of doses of IV immunoglobulin compared with nonsurvivors. National guidelines are needed to help inform IV immunoglobulin utilization and reduce healthcare costs.