bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Utility of the 6-Item CTS, Boston-CTS, and Hand-Diagram for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Schulze Daniel Gregor , Nilsen Kristian Bernhard , Killingmo Rikke Munk , Zwart John Anker , Grotle Margreth 
Published: July 2021

Background: Self-reported measures are often used in research and clinical practice to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and guide therapeutic choices. We aimed to assess the clinical utility of the Norwegian versions of two self-reported outcome measures for symptom severity assessment, the 6-item CTS (CTS-6), and Boston-CTS (BCTQ), and of one diagnostic measure, the hand-diagram, by evaluating measurement properties including discriminative ability for severity assessment (CTS-6, BCTQ), and diagnosis of CTS (hand-diagram).Methods: We performed forward and backward translation and cultural adaptation of the Norwegian CTS-6 and BCTQ. Following COSMIN guidelines, we investigated internal consistency, reliability, construct validity, and discriminative ability for distinguishing between severity levels of CTS in patients with confirmed CTS for the CTS-6 and BCTQ and reliability and discriminative ability for diagnosing CTS for the hand-diagram.Results: Two hundred and fifty-one patients referred for diagnostic work-up for CTS with nerve conduction studies (NCS) participated. The CTS-6 and BCTQ had acceptable internal consistency (Crohnbach's α = 0.82 and 0.86, respectively), reliability (ICC = 0.86 and 0.90; SEM = 0.24 and 0.20; SDC95% = 0.68 and 0.55, respectively), construct validity (all eight pre-defined hypotheses confirmed) and discriminative ability to distinguish between severity levels of CTS [Area under the curve (AUC) = 0.75, 95% CI 0.64–0.85]. The hand-diagram had acceptable reliability (Cohen's kappa = 0.69) and discriminative ability to diagnose CTS (sensitivity = 0.72, specificity = 0.90).Conclusion: Our findings support the clinical utility of the CTS-6 and BCTQ for symptom severity assessment and of the hand-diagram for diagnostic screening.
Cardiac Involvement in Women With Pathogenic Dystrophin Gene Variants
Authors: Solheim Tuva Å. , Fornander Freja , Raja Anna A. , Møgelvang Rasmus , Poulsen Nanna S. , Dunø Morten , Bundgaard Henning , Vissing John 
Published: July 2021

Objective: To determine the frequency and extent of cardiac involvement in female carriers of pathogenic variants in DMD, 53 women were examined through an observational, cross-sectional study.Methods: Genetically verified female carriers of pathogenic DMD variants were examined by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) with late gadolinium enhancement, echocardiography, 24-h Holter monitoring, ECG, and blood concentrations of skeletal and cardiac muscle biomarkers.Results: Fifty-three female carriers of pathogenic DMD variants (mean age 49.6 years, 33 associated with DMD, and 20 with BMD) were included in the study. Sixty-two percent had cardiac dysfunction on echocardiography. On CMR, 49% had myocardial fibrosis, 35% had dilated left ventricles, and 10% had left ventricular hypertrophy. ECGs were abnormal in 72%, and abnormal Holter monitoring was found in 43%. Age did not correlate with myocardial fibrosis or cardiac dysfunction. Myocardial fibrosis was more frequent in carriers of pathogenic variants associated with DMD vs. BMD (61 vs. 28%, p = 0.02).Conclusion: This study shows that cardiac involvement, affecting both structure and function of the heart, is found in over 2/3 of women with a pathogenic DMD variant. The study supports early cardiac screening, including ECG, Holter, and cardiac imaging, in this group of carriers, so that symptoms related to pathogenic variants in DMD can be recognized, and relevant treatment can be initiated. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess morbidity and mortality related to single, pathogenic DMD variants in women.
Associations Among Parental Caregiving Quality, Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Expression-Based Polygenic Scores, and Infant-Parent Attachment: Evidence for Differential Genetic Susceptibility?
Authors: Potter-Dickey Amelia , Letourneau Nicole , Silveira Patricia P. , Ntanda Henry , Giesbrecht Gerald F. , Hart Martha , Dewell Sarah , de Koning A. P. Jason 
Published: July 2021

Attachment is a biological evolutionary system contributing to infant survival. When primary caregivers/parents are sensitive and responsive to their infants’ needs, infants develop a sense of security. Secure infant attachment has been linked to healthy brain and organ-system development. Belsky and colleagues proposed the term differential susceptibility to describe context-dependent associations between genetic variations and behavioral outcomes as a function of parenting environments. Variations in the Cannabinoid Receptor Gene 1 (CNR1) are associated with memory, mood, and reward and connote differential susceptibility to more and less optimal parental caregiving quality in predicting children’s behavioral problems.AimTo determine if parental caregiving quality interacts with children’s expression-based polygenic risk score (ePRS) for the CNR1 gene networks in the prefrontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampus in predicting the probability of attachment security and disorganized attachment.DesignProspective correlational methods examined maternal-infant pairs (n = 142) from which infants provided DNA samples at 3 months. Parental caregiving quality was assessed via the Child Adult Relationship Experiment (CARE)-index at 6 months, and attachment security via the Strange Situation Procedure at a mean age of 22 months. The CNR1 ePRSs include genes co-expressed with the CNR1 genes in the prefrontal cortex, striatum, or hippocampus, and were calculated using the effect size of the association between the individual single nucleotide polymorphisms from those genes and region-specific gene expression (GTEx). Logistic regression was employed (alpha &lt; 0.05, two-tailed) to examine the main and interaction effects between parental caregiving quality and ePRSs in predicting attachment patterns. Interpretation of results was aided by analyses that distinguished between differential susceptibility and diathesis-stress.ResultsSignificant interactions were observed between (1) maternal sensitivity and ePRS in the striatum in predicting attachment security, (2) maternal unresponsiveness with the ePRS in the hippocampus in predicting disorganization, and (3) maternal controlling with the ePRS in the hippocampus in predicting disorganization.ConclusionThese findings offer support for genetic differential susceptibility to the quality of maternal sensitivity in the context of the ePRS in the striatum. However, the significant interactions between hippocampal ePRS and maternal unresponsiveness and controlling in predicting the probability of disorganization were more suggestive of the diathesis-stress model.
Hybrid Procedures. Opening Doors for Surgeon and Cardiologist Close Collaboration
Authors: Gil-Jaurena Juan-Miguel , Zunzunegui José-Luis , Pérez-Caballero Ramón , Pita Ana , Pardo Carlos , Calle Corazón , Murgoitio Uxue , Ballesteros Fernando , Rodríguez Alejandro , Medrano Constancio 
Published: July 2021

Background: Collaboration between cardiac surgeons and cardiologists can offer interventions that each specialist may not be able to offer on their own. This type of collaboration has been demonstrated with the hybrid Stage I in patients with hypoplastic heart syndrome. Since that time, a hybrid approach to cardiac interventions has been expanded to an incredible variety of potential indications.Methods: Seventy-one patients were scheduled for a hybrid procedure along 8 years. This was defined as close collaboration between surgeon and cardiologist working together in the same room, either cath-lab (27 patients) or theater (44 patients).Results: Six groups were arbitrarily defined. A: vascular cut-down in the cath-lab (27 neonates); B: bilateral banding (plus ductal stent) in hypoplastic left heart syndrome or alike (15 children); C: perventricular closure of muscular ventricular septal defect (10 cases); D: balloon/stenting of pulmonary branches along with major surgical procedure (12 kids); E: surgical implantation of Melody valve (six patients) and others (F, one case). Two complications were recorded: left ventricular free wall puncture and previous conduit tearing. Both drawbacks were successfully sort out under cardiopulmonary by-pass.Conclusion: Surgeon and cardiologist partnership can succeed where their isolated endeavors are not enough. Hybrid procedures keep on spreading, overcoming initial expectations. As a bridge to biventricular repair or transplant, bilateral banding plus ductal stent sounds interesting. Novel indications can be classified into different groups. Hybrid procedures are not complication-free.
Community Violence Exposure and School Functioning in Youth: Cross-Country and Gender Perspectives
Authors: Koposov Roman , Isaksson Johan , Vermeiren Robert , Schwab-Stone Mary , Stickley Andrew , Ruchkin Vladislav 
Published: July 2021

Background:Many children and adolescents experience violent events which can be associated with negative consequences for their development, mental health, school, and social functioning. However, findings between settings and on the role of gender have been inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate cross-country and gender differences in the relationship between community violence exposure (CVE) and school functioning in a sample of youths from three countries.Methods:A self-report survey was conducted among school students (12–17 years old) in Belgium (Antwerp,N= 4,743), Russia (Arkhangelsk,N= 2,823), and the US (New Haven,N= 4,101). Students were recruited from within classes that were randomly selected from within schools that had themselves been randomly selected (excepting New Haven, where all students were included). CVE was assessed with the Screening Survey of Exposure to Community Violence. School functioning was assessed with four measures: the Perceived Teacher Support scale, Negative Classroom Environment scale, and Academic Motivation and Perception of Safety at School scales. Multivariate Analyses of Covariance were performed to assess differences in the levels of school-related problem behaviors in boys and girls, who reported different degrees of CVE.Results:Participants in all three countries reported a relatively high prevalence of violence exposure (36.2% in Belgium, 39.3% in Russia and 45.2% in the US who witnessed violence), with a higher proportion of girls than boys witnessing violent events (varied from 37.4 to 51.6% between the countries), whereas boys reported more episodes of victimization by violence than girls (varied from 32.3 to 49.9% between the countries). Youths who experienced increased CVE (from no exposure to witnessing to victimization) reported an increase in all school functioning problems in all of the countries and this association was not gender-specific.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that regardless of differences in the level of CVE by country and gender, violence exposure is negatively associated with school functioning across countries. Nonetheless, even though reactions to community violence among adolescents may be expressed in a similar fashion, cross-country differences in social support systems should also be taken into account in order to provide culturally sensitive treatment modalities.
Dois caminhos de leitura dos livros ilustrados: Menina Bonita do Laço de Fita e Niña Bonita, de Ana Maria Machado
Authors: Cortez Mariana , Ferreira Sandra De Oliveira 
Published: July 2021

Este artigo analisa a relação entre as narrativas textuais e visuais propostas em dois projetos gráficos: Menina Bonita do Laço de Fita (1996), de Ana Maria Machado, editado no Brasil pela Ática e sua tradução Niña Bonita (2004), realizada por Verónica Uribe, publicado por Ediciones Ekaré, Venezuela. Os objetivos de análise são: 1) refletir sobre a imagem da criança negra em dois livros ilustrados publicados em países diferentes da América Latina e 2) discutir sobre a narrativa visual como produtora de novos sentidos na composição de um projeto gráfico em português e em sua tradução para o espanhol. Tal análise se justifica, pois ambos os países latino-americanos passaram por longos processos de escravidão que provocaram marcas estruturais de racismo nessas sociedades. Assim sendo, considerar os contextos de produção dos livros infantis que compõem o corpus de investigação se torna relevante na medida em que reproduzem diferentes imagens da criança negra como personagem e de seus espaços de circulação. Na narrativa brasileira, a espacialização não está evidenciada na ilustração, enquanto a edição venezuelana insere a história no ambiente rural. Pontua-se que no texto verbal não há afastamento do original em português, já as propostas visuais imprimem nos livros ilustrados novos sentidos, confirmando, portanto, sua característica como objeto sincrético (NIKOLAJEVA e Scott, 2011). A análise pautou-se em teóricos como Colomer (2002) e Nikolajeva e Scott (2011) para refletir acerca do livro ilustrado para crianças e em Fanon (2008) e Canclini (2003) para discutir sobre a imagem da criança negra.
A visita do Imperador Pedro II ao Norte da Província do Rio de Janeiro: disputas políticas no 4º distrito eleitoral (1844/1848)
Authors: Soares de Lemos Carlos Eugênio 
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo analisa as relações das elites políticas do município de Campos dos Goytacazes com os seus presidentes de província, e, secundariamente, com a Assembleia Legislativa provincial, entre os anos de 1843 e 1848. Baseado em diferentes fontes históricas, tomando como referências as acirradas eleições legislativas de 1844 e a visita do Imperador Pedro II ao Norte da província do Rio de Janeiro, em 1847, procura entender os embates e negociações de tais elites com os governos do conservador João Caldas Vianna (1843/1844) e do áulico-liberal Aureliano de Souza e Oliveira Coutinho (1844/1848). Por fim, conclui que, diferente do papel passivo que lhes reservou a historiografia clássica sobre o período, as elites políticas locais se mostraram atentas às mudanças conjunturais e, por meio da Câmara Municipal e do colégio de eleitores, buscaram garantir os seus interesses políticos e econômicos durante o processo de construção do estado imperial brasileiro.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE AHP PADA SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENYELEKSIAN NASABAH PINJAMAN KREDIT
Authors: Darojat Irfak Lahumu , Hadikurniawati Wiwien 
Published: July 2021

Sistem pendukung keputusan (SPK) dapat dipergunakan untuk membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan atau membantu dalam pengambilan suatu keputusan yang bersifat semi terstruktur ataupun bersifat terstruktur. Contoh penggunaan SPK yaitu untuk pemilihan calon nasabah pinjaman dana kredit. PT. Mandala Multifinance cabang Bawen merupakan salah satu lembaga keuangan yang bersifat swasta dan bergerak dalam bidang peminjaman atau perkreditan. Begitu meningkatnya minat masyarakat yang mengajukan pinjaman dana kredit dengan status kondisi perekonomian yang berbeda–beda membuat PT. Mandala Multifinance cabang Bawen membutuhkan suatu sistem yang dapat membantu proses penyeleksian secara tepat, cepat dan akurat untuk menentukan calon nasabah penerima pinjaman yang layak. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan metode AHP ( Analytical Hierarchy Process), metode ini paling banyak dipergunakan dalam pemecahan suatu permasalahan yang bersifat multikriteria. Dalam seleksi calon nasabah penerima pinjaman dana kredit, terdapat 6 kriteria utama yang digunakan, yaitu kriteria Pemohon Penjamin, Check BI, Jaminan, Survey Lingkungan,Pekerjaan, dan Penghasilan. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa sistem berhasil mengimplementasikan pemanfaatan metode Analitycal Hieararchy Process dalam proses penyeleksian calon nasabah.
PENGARUH PRODUK DAN PROMOSI TABUNGAN TAMARAH TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN NASABAH MENABUNG PADA KSPPS BAITUL MAAL WAT-TAMWIL (BMT) EL-USWAH DHARMASRAYA
Authors: Aziz Nazaruddin , Biisnillah Biisnillah 
Published: July 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of Tamara savings productsmand promotions on customer decisions to save at KSPPS BAITUL MAAL WAT-TAMWIL (BMT) EL-USWAH DHARMASRAYA.The variables used in this study are the dependent variable namely customer decisions (Y) and the independent variable consisting of the product (X1), promotions(X2). The type of data used in this study is quantitative data. The accumulated data used in this study are primary data from quenstionnaires and use purposive sampling techinique, data analysis techniques use classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, F test, t test, R test using the SPSS 16 program, The population in this study are customers at KSPPS BAITUL MAAL WAT-TAMWIL (BMT) EL-USWAH DHARMASRAYA, the sample in this study amounted to 96 respondents, the results showed that the product had a significant positive effect on customer decisions to save, the promotion of Tamara savings had a significant positive effect on kep the customer delegate saves, products and promotion of Tamara savings collectively have a significant positive effect on customer decisions to save.
The Masses of Supernova Remnant Progenitors in NGC 6946
Authors: Koplitz Brad , Johnson Jared , Williams Benjamin F. , Long Knox S. , Blair William P. , Murphy Jeremiah W. , Dolphin Andrew , Hillis Tristan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We constrained the progenitor masses for 169 supernova remnants (SNRs), eight historically observed supernovae (SNe), and the black hole formation candidate in NGC 6946, finding that they are consistent with originating from a standard initial mass function. Additionally, there were 16 remnants that showed no sign of nearby star formation consistent with a core-collapse SN, making them good Type Ia candidates. Using Hubble Space Telescope broadband imaging, we measured the stellar photometry of ACS/WFC fields in the F435W, F555W, F606W, and F814W filters, as well as WFC3/UVIS fields in F438W, F606W, and F814W. We then fitted this photometry with stellar evolutionary models to determine the ages of the young populations present at the positions of the SNRs and SNe. We then inferred a progenitor mass probability distribution from the fitted age distribution. For 37 SNRs, we tested how different filter combinations affected the inferred masses. We find that filters sensitive to Hα, [N ii], and [S ii] gas emission can bias mass estimates for remnants that rely on our technique. Using a Kolmogorov–Smirnov test analysis on our most reliable measurements, we find that the progenitor mass distribution is well matched by a power-law index of

−

2.6

−
0.6

+
0.5

, which is consistent with a standard initial mass function.
Explosive Ejections Generated by Gravitational Interactions
Authors: Rivera-Ortiz P. R. , Rodríguez-González A. , Cantó J. , Zapata Luis A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
During the fragmentation and collapse of a molecular cloud, it is expected that it will have close encounters with (proto)stellar objects that can lead to the ejection of a fraction of them as runaway objects. However, the duration and consequences of such encounters are perhaps small enough for there to be no direct evidence of their occurrence. As a first approximation, herein we analytically study the interaction of a massive object that moves at high velocity into a cluster of negligible-mass particles with an initial number density distribution ∝ R
−α
. We have found that the runaway conditions of the distribution after the encounter are related to the mass and the velocity of the star and the impact parameter of each particle to the stellar object. Then, the cluster particles are gravitationally accelerated by the external approaching star, destroying the cluster, and the dispersion and velocities of the particles have explosive characteristics. We compare this analytical model with several numerical simulations and, finally, apply our results to the Orion fingers in the Orion BN/KL region, which show an explosive outflow that could be triggered by the gravitational interaction of several (proto)stellar objects.
Revisiting Dynamical Friction: The Role of Global Modes and Local Wakes
Authors: Tamfal Tomas , Mayer Lucio , Quinn Thomas R. , Capelo Pedro R. , Kazantzidis Stelios , Babul Arif , Potter Douglas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The orbital decay of a perturber within a larger system plays a key role in the dynamics of many astrophysical systems—from nuclear star clusters or globular clusters in galaxies, to massive black holes in galactic nuclei, to dwarf galaxy satellites within the dark matter halos of more massive galaxies. For many decades, there have been various attempts to determine the underlying physics and timescales of the drag mechanism, ranging from the local dynamical friction approach to descriptions based on the back-reaction of global modes induced in the background system. We present ultra-high-resolution N-body simulations of massive satellites orbiting a Milky Way-like galaxy (with > 108 particles), that appear to capture both the local “wake” and the global “mode” induced in the primary halo. We address directly the mechanism of orbital decay from the combined action of local and global perturbations and specifically analyze where the bulk of the torque originates.
An Atlas of Dynamical Evolution Models of 361 Fanaroff–Riley Type II Radio Sources
Authors: Machalski Jerzy , Kozieł-Wierzbowska Dorota , Goyal Arti 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Dynamical evolution models of 361 extragalactic Fanaroff–Riley type II radio sources selected from the Cambridge 3CRR, 6CE, 5C6, and 5C7 Sky Surveys, as well as the Bologna B2, Green Bank GB, and GB2 Surveys, are presented. Their spectra, compiled mostly from the recent catalogs of radio sources and the available NASA/IPAC and Astrophysical Catalogs Support System databases, along with morphological characteristics of the sources determined from their radio maps, have been modeled using the DYNAGE algorithm and/or its extension (KDA EXT) for the hypothetical case of further evolution after the jet’s termination. The best-fit models provide estimates of a number of important physical parameters of the sources, as (i) the jet power, (ii) the density distribution of the external gaseous medium surrounding the radio core and the jet propagating through it, (iii) the initial energy distribution of the relativistic particles accelerated at the shock fronts, and (iv) the age of the observed radio structure. Additionally, estimates of some derivative parameters are provided, e.g., the radio lobes’ pressure, their longitudinal expansion velocity, the magnetic field strength, and the total energy deposited in the lobes. The observed spectra and their best-fit models are included. Finally, one of the useful applications of the above models is presented, namely a strong correlation between the ambient medium density and the rest-frame two-point spectral index available directly from the observed spectra.
Résilience collective assistée : les apports des TIC dans le contexte de la Covid-19
Authors: Comtet Isabelle 
Published: July 2021

Le télétravail a peiné à se développer jusqu’à la crise de la Covid19 : dans ce contexte, les Technologies d’Information et de communication (TIC) et les Systèmes d’information (SI) ont facilité une grande partie des acteurs du secteur tertiaire afin de permettre une continuité de leur activité professionnelle à distance. Cette utilisation, plus ou moins « forcée » des dispositifs sociotechniques dans ce cadre, a fait naitre une résilience collective. Sans méconnaitre les limites et difficultés du télétravail, ce processus de résilience collective assistée par les TIC permet, au moins à court terme, une poursuite de l’activité professionnelle malgré la distance.