bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune responses following third COVID-19 vaccination are reduced in patients with hematologic malignancies compared to patients with solid cancer
Authors: Fendler Annika , Shepherd Scott T.C. , Au Lewis , Wilkinson Katalin A. , Wu Mary , Schmitt Andreas M. , Tippu Zayd , Farag Sheima , Rogiers Aljosja , Harvey Ruth , Carlyle Eleanor , Edmonds Kim , Rosario Lyra Del , Lingard Karla , Mangwende Mary , Holt Lucy , Ahmod Hamid , Korteweg Justine , Foley Tara , Barber Taja , Emslie-Henry Andrea , Caulfield-Lynch Niamh , Byrne Fiona , Shum Benjamin , Gerard Camille L. , Deng Daqi , Kjaer Svend , Song Ok-Ryul , Queval Christophe , Kavanagh Caitlin , Wall Emma C. , Carr Edward J. , Namjou Sina , Caidan Simon , Gavrielidis Mike , McRae James , Kelly Gavin , Peat Kema , Kelly Denise , Murra Aida , Kelly Kayleigh , O'Flaherty Molly , Shea Robyn L. , Gardner Gail , Murray Darren , Yousaf Nadia , Jhanji Shaman , As Nicholas Van , Young Kate , Furness Andre J.S. , Pickering Lisa , Beale Rupert , Swanton Charles , Ghandi Sonia , Gamblin Steve , Bauer David L.V. , Kassiotis George , Howell Michael , Nicholson Emma , Wilkinson Robert J. , Larkin James , Turajlic Samra 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Not all patients with cancer, in particular those with hematogic malignancies, develop functional immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) following COVID-19 vaccines. Durability of vaccine-induced immunity after two doses and the impact of a third dose were evaluated in CAPTURE (NCT03226886), a longitudinal prospective cohort study of vaccine responses in patients with cancer. In evaluating 316 patients, at a median of 111 days following two doses of either BNT16b2 or ChadOX, we observed a time-dependant decline in neutralising antibody titres (NAbT) in a proportion of patients, where NAbTs became undetectable against Delta and Beta in 17% and 15% of patients, respectively. Vaccine-induced T cell responses declined in 44% of patients. Patients with breakthrough infections following two vaccines doses were characterised by absent/low NAbT to Delta prior to infection. Administration of the third vaccine dose boosted NAb responses against VOC in the majority of patients with cancer, especially those with solid cancer. In patients with hematologic malignancies who had undetectable NAbT against Delta after two vaccine doses, 54% did not develop NAb against both Beta and Delta following the third dose. Third vaccine dose boosted T cell responses were boosted in patients with both solid and hematologic malignancies. These results provide critical information on vaccine responses in patients with cancer, especially against VOCs and support widespread access to a third COVID-19 vaccination in this patient group.
Factors associated with mortality among the COVID-19 patients treated at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital: A retrospective study
Authors: Baguma Steven , Okot Christopher , Onira Nelson Alema , Apiyo Paska , Acullu Denis , Layet Paska , Oloya Johnson Nyeko , Ochula Denis , Atim Pamela , Olwedo Patrick Odong , Okot Smart Godfrey , Oyat Freddy Wathum Drinkwater , Oola Janet , Aloyo Judith , Ikoona Eric Nzirakaindi , Kitara David Lagoro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The advent of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused millions of deaths worldwide. There is a lack of data on the outcome of hospitalized African patients suffering from COVID-19.This study aimed at identifying factors associated with hospital mortality in patients who suffered from COVID-19 at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital in Northern Uganda from March 2020 to October 2021.Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective study in patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19 at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital in Northern Uganda. Socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, comorbidities, duration of hospital stay, and treatment were analyzed, and factors associated with increased odds of mortality were determined.Results: Of the 664 patients treated, 661(99.5%) were unvaccinated, 632(95.2%) recovered and 32(4.8%) died. Mortality was highest in diabetics 11(34.4%), cardiovascular diseases 12(37.5%), hypertensive 10(31.3%), females 18(56.3%), > 50-year-olds 19(59.4%), no formal education 14(43.8%), peasant farmers 12(37.5%) and those who presented with difficulty in breathing/shortness of breath and chest pain 32(100.0%), Oxygen saturation (Sp02) <80 4(12.5%), general body aches and pains 31(96.9%), tiredness 30(93.8%) and loss of speech and movements 11(34.4%). The independent factors associated with mortality among the COVID-19 patients were females AOR=0.220,95%CI:0.059-0.827;p=0.030; Diabetes mellitus AOR=9.014, 95%CI:1.726-47.067;p=0.010; tiredness AOR=0.059,95%CI:0.009-0.371; p=0.0000; general body aches and pains AOR=0.066,95%CI:0.007-0.605; p=0.020; loss of speech and movement AOR=0.134,95%CI:0.270-0.660;p=0.010 and other comorbidities AOR=6.860, 95%CI:1.309-35.957;p=0.020.Conclusion: The overall hospital mortality was 4.8%. Older age, people with diabetics, females, other comorbidities, severe forms of the disease, and those admitted to HDU were significant risk factors associated with hospital mortality. More efforts should be made to provide “Enhanced shielding” to the most vulnerable population to avoid preventable morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in Northern Uganda.
Single currency and regional integration in the ECOWAS region: A new estimation technique using the Pseudo Maximum Likelihood Poisson with High Dimensional Fixed Effects (PPMLHDFE).
Authors: N'GUESSAN MICHAEL KOUADIO 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The progress of regional integration in ECOWAS is leading to the desire to create an optimal monetary zone. This desire to create an optimal monetary zone is leading to a wave of divergent views on the effect and exchange rate regime of the single currency on trade. On the one hand, WAMZ countries want to adopt it with a flexible exchange rate, while on the other hand, WAEMU countries want to adopt it with a fixed exchange rate pegged to the euro. This divergence of views is at the heart of our problem. We need to analyze the effect of this currency and its flexible exchange rate regime on regional integration, more particularly the market integration of the Economic Community of West African States. Our evaluation is based on an augmented gravity model as the basic theoretical model, with the Pseudo Maximum Poisson Likelihood with High Dimension Fixed Effects (PPMHDFE) as the estimation method. This panel study is based on data from the World Bank (WDI), IMF (DOTS) and CEPII from 2009 to 2018. The question addressed by the analysis of the potential effect of sharing a single currency on integration by the ECOWAS market, allows us to arrive at two main results. (i) The potential effect of the single currency on trade is significant, robustness tests confirm the positive effect of currency sharing on trade. (ii) The flexible exchange rate has positive effects on trade. Thus, we therefore call on the political leaders of ECOWAS countries to make efforts to meet the convergence criteria and the establishment of this single currency in order to be the foundation of the single African currency, on the one hand. On the other hand, we recommend the adoption of a single currency with a variable exchange rate with a gradual approach.
Local Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction in Indian Summer Monsoon Multi-Decadal Variability
Authors: Goswami Dhruba Jyoti , Karumuri Ashok , Goswami Bhupendranath 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The significant multi-decadal mode (MDM) of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) during the past two millennia provides a basis for decadal predictability of the ISMR and has a strong association with the North-Atlantic variability with the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO) as a potential external driver. It is also known that the annual cycles and interannual variability of ISMR and sea surface temperatures (SST) over the tropical Indian Ocean (IO) are strongly coupled. However, the role of local air-sea interactions in maintaining or modifying the ISMR MDM remains unknown. A related puzzle we identify is that the IO SST has an increasing trend during two opposite phases of the ISMR MDM, namely during an increasing phase of ISMR (1901 to 1957) as well as a decreasing phase of ISMR (1958-2007). Here, using a twentieth-century reanalysis (20CR), we examine the role of air-sea interactions in maintaining two opposite phases of the ISMR MDM and unravel that the Bjerknes feedback is at the heart of maintaining the ISMR MDM but cannot explain the increasing trend of SST in the tropical IO during the opposite phases. Large-scale low-level vorticity influence on SST and net heat flux changes through circulation and cloudiness changes associated with the two phases of the ISMR MDM together contribute to the SST trends. The decreasing trend of low-level wind convergence during the period between 1958 and 2007 is a determining factor for the decreasing trend of ISMR in the backdrop of an increasing trend of atmospheric moisture content. Consistent with the lead of the AMO with respect to ISMR by about a decade, the AMO drives the transition from one phase of ISMR MDM to another by changing its phase first and setting up low-level equatorial zonal winds conducive for the transition.
Clinical Features of Excyclotorsion in the Non-Paretic Eye of Patients with Congenital Unilateral Superior Oblique Palsy
Authors: Cha Eun-Hyang , Ha Suk-Gyu , Suh Youngwoo , Kim Seung-Hyun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background To investigate preoperative clinical features and postoperative results according to the correspondence between excyclotorsion and the paretic eye in patients with congenital unilateral superior oblique palsy (USOP).MethodsA retrospective review of medical charts was performed. The patients were divided into the accordance (ocular excyclotorsion in the paretic eye) and discordance (ocular excyclotorsion in the non-paretic eye) groups. The degree of excyclotorsion (scale, 0–4) was measured. Age, sex, hypertropia at the primary position, fixation preference, inferior oblique overaction, and degree of excyclotorsion were measured.ResultsNinety-eight patients were included in this study. There were 70 (71.4%) and 28 patients (28.6%) in the accordance and discordance groups. Sixteen patients (22.9%) in the accordance group and 12 patients (42.9%) in the discordance group were aged under 2 years (p = 0.04). A fixation preference of the paretic eye was observed in 2 (2.9%) and 8 (28.6%) patients in the accordance and discordance groups (p < 0.01). The postoperative degree of excyclotorsion in the accordance group (0.14 ± 0.39) was lower than that in the discordance group (0.28 ± 0.71) (p = 0.01). The residual postoperative excyclotorsion (>1) in the discordance group were observed in the discordance group (14 patients, 50%) and accordance group (16 patients, 22.9%) (p = 0.01).Conclusion Preoperative discordance between excyclotorsion and the paretic eye was observed in patients who were under 2 years of age and preferred fixation of the paretic eye. The postoperative degree of excyclotorsion was lower in the accordance group.
Safety and Efficacy of Repurposed Siddha Medicines in Mild, Moderate, and Severe COVID-19 Patients Admitted To a Government Tertiary Hospital Near Chennai, Tamil Nadu– An Open-Labeled, Randomized, Controlled Trial.
Authors: J Christian G , Ramasamy Meenakumari , Ramalingam Shanthimalar , Ganesan Sankar , Muthusamy Ravichandran Vadugam , Selladurai Elansekaran , Murugan Ramamurthy , Venkatachalam Srinivasan , Elumalai Rajalakshmi , Kangusamy Boopathi , Kesavan Vennila , Mohanasundaram Nijavizhi , Ambalavanan Shakthi Paargavi , S Aruldevi , Sekaran Priyanka , Govindasamy Gajalakshmi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCOVID-19 resulted in loss of human lives owing to respiratory failure caused by dysregulated immune system. Though many treatments are evaluated, the most appropriate is yet to be established. We hypothesized accelerated recovery and reduced mortality in mild, moderate and severe COVID-19 with Siddha regimen consisting of natural products.MethodsIn a randomized, controlled open-label trial conducted on 200 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, they were allocated equally to be treated with add-on Siddha regimen with Standard care or only standard care. The primary and secondary end points were accelerated recovery (≤ 7 days) and mortality comparison between the groups respectively. Patients were followed through 90 days.ResultsIn this study the accelerated recovery was 59.0% and 27.0% in treatment and control group (ITT analyses) (p < 0.001) respectively and Odds for it were four times higher in the treatment group (OR: 3.9; 95% CI: 1.9, 8.0). The estimated median time for recovery in the treatment group was 7 days (95% CI: 6.0, 8.0; p=0.003) and 10 days (95% CI: 8.7, 11.3) in control. Hazard ratio for death in control was 2.3 times that of treatment group. No adverse reactions or alarming laboratory values were observed in response to intervention. In severe treatment group (n=80), mortality was 15.0% and 39.5% in control (n=81). The COVID stage progression was 65% less in treatment group.ConclusionSiddha regimen demonstrated that they can synergistically improve oxygenation status, enhance the recovery rate and reduce the mortality better as compared to only Standard of Care.
Development of a model for energy efficiency management of a ship at different stages of its lifecycle
Authors: Kalinichenko Yevgeniy , Shumylo Oleksandr , Kourov Mykhaylo 
Published: December 2021

The problem of increasing energy efficiency in commercial shipping has been in the focus of attention of many specialists over the past few decades. The adopted and entered into force resolutions of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) require ship-owners to develop and implement energy efficiency management plans. Considerable and increased attention is now being paid to the solution of this problem.
However, it has not yet been possible to achieve real practical results – commercial shipping already accounts for more than 3 % of greenhouse gas emissions, and this value is growing from year to year.
The reason for this effect is the practically absence of a systematic scientifically grounded approach to the issue. Management of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere is mainly in the operational phase of the ship, although the foundations are laid during the design, construction, modernization and refurbishment phases.
This study is aimed at developing a comprehensive model for managing the energy efficiency of a ship throughout the entire life cycle. It is proposed to use the cost of a full cycle and the coefficient of energy efficiency as target functions of the model. A method for solving the problem of two-criterion optimization is proposed. The use of this model will be able to significantly reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions
Incoming control parameters for PVC sheets used for the production of plastic cards
Authors: Nazarenko Olena 
Published: December 2021

One of the main requirements for obtaining high-quality raw materials for production is a clear formulation of the necessary parameters that the manufacturer of materials must comply with in the production of raw materials. The very observance of these parameters in the future will reduce the number of production of unsuitable products and plastic cards with defects.
Parameter control is carried out for each separate batch of materials. The sample during inspection should be at least 0.1 % of the total amount of material, the deviation from the parameters should be included in the tolerance.
The tasks of the stage of product quality control should ensure the implementation of the quality policy, as well as the general economic policy of the enterprise. Control is an integral part of the activities of any enterprise, a regulator of factors that form quality at all stages of the production process and ensure the release of quality products.
Based on the analysis and experimental studies, the main parameters that need to be monitored were determined: geometric dimensions, color, thickness, density, surface tension, tensile strength, uniformity of paint application, shrinkage during sheet sintering
Runoff optimization and control for basin water allocation
Authors: Lang Yongyuan , Meng Changqing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The water distribution plan for the three major irrigation districts (Changma, Shuangta, and Huahai) in the Shule River Basin in the planned year was analyzed in this study in an effort to resolve the insufficient natural endowment of water resources and contradiction between supply and demand throughout the basin. Based on this plan, and under the condition of satisfying the scheduling constraints of cascade reservoirs, the minimum total water supply shortage in the watershed was taken as the main goal coupled with the cascade reservoir runoff optimization control coefficient. An optimized dispatch model of the reservoir group was established accordingly. The large system coordination decomposition algorithm was called to solve the model and obtain the water scheduling scheme of each reservoir. After the optimal regulation of runoff, the water demand of the three major irrigation areas of Changma, Shuangta, and Huahai in the planned year is greater than the available water resources of the Shule River and the Petroleum River. The total surface runoff water shortage is 66.01 million m3, which cannot be satisfied. Among the reservoirs, Shuangta has the highest water shortage quota of 43.503 million m3, followed by Chijinxia with a water deficit quota of 22.18 million m3, and finally by Changma with a minimum water shortage quota of 0.3277 million m3. The results of this work may provide technical support for water resource allocation and regulations, as well as for the efficient usage of the Shule River Basin.
Preparation of Long-Acting Somatostatin and GnRH Analogues and
Their Applications in Tumor Therapy
Authors: Yu Fang , Zhang Tingting , Fu Fenghua , Wang Aiping , Liu Xinyong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:
Hormonal drugs are essential treatment options for some hormone-dependent or hormone-sensitive tumors. The common dosage forms of hormonal drugs have a short half-life. Hence, frequent administration is needed, which results in poor patient compliance. Nevertheless, using drug delivery technology, somatostatin analogues (SSAs) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues are prepared into long-acting formulations that can significantly prolong the action time of these drugs, reducing medication frequency and increasing patient compliance. Such drugs are advantageous when treating acromegaly, gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs), breast cancer, prostate cancer, and other diseases having a relatively long course. SSAs and GnRH analogues are two typical hormonal drugs, the long-acting formulations of which are essential in clinical practice. This review summarized the preparation methods and clinical application of long-acting formulations in cancer. Further, the action mechanism and new research of SSAs and GnRH analogues were discussed, and suggestions related to the development of long-acting SSAs and GnRH analogues were provided.
Nomogram to Predict Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage after Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke in Asian Population
Authors: Xie Xiaohua , Yang Jie , Ren Lijie , Hu Shiyu , Lian Wancheng , Xiao Jingyi , Pan Lu , Deng Liping , Ma Jiahui 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) is a serious hemorrhagic complication after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Most existing predictive scoring systems were derived from Western countries

Objective:
To develop a nomogram to predict the possibility of sICH after IVT in an Asian population.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study included AIS patients treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in a tertiary hospital in Shenzhen, China, from January 2014 to December 2020. The end point was sICH within 36 hours of IVT treatment. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of sICH, and a predictive nomogram was developed. Area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analyses were performed. The nomogram was validated by bootstrap resampling

Results:
Data on a total of 462 patients were collected, of whom 20 patients (4.3%) developed sICH. In the multivariate logistic regression model, the National Institute of Health stroke scale scores (NIHSS) (odds ratio [OR], 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.23, P < 0.001), onset to treatment time (OTT) (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01–1.03, P < 0.001), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.09–1.35, P < 0.001), and cardioembolism (OR, 3.74; 95% CI, 1.23–11.39, P = 0.020) were independent predictors for sICH and were used to construct a nomogram. Our nomogram exhibited favorable discrimination ability [AUC, 0.878; specificity, 87.35%; and sensitivity, 73.81%]. Bootstrapping for 500 repetitions was performed to further validate the nomogram. The AUC of the bootstrap model was 0.877 (95% CI: 0.823–0.922). The calibration curve exhibited good fit and calibration. The decision curve revealed good positive net benefits and clinical effects

Conclusion:
The nomogram consisted of the predictors NIHSS, OTT, NLR, and cardioembolism could be used as an auxiliary tool to predict the individual risk of sICH in Chinese AIS patients after IVT. Further external verification among more diverse patient populations is needed to demonstrate the accuracy of the model’s predictions.
Precision Medicine in Patients with Differential Diabetic Phenotypes:
Novel Opportunities from Network Medicine
Authors: Ellahham Samer , Napoli Claudio , Benincasa Giuditta 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) comprises differential clinical phenotypes ranging
from rare monogenic to common polygenic forms, such as type 1 (T1DM), type 2 (T2DM),
and gestational diabetes, which are associated with cardiovascular complications. Also, the high-
-risk prediabetic state is rising worldwide, suggesting the urgent need for early personalized strategies
to prevent and treat a hyperglycemic state.

Objective:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) comprises differential clinical phenotypes ranging
from rare monogenic to common polygenic forms, such as type 1 (T1DM), type 2 (T2DM),
and gestational diabetes, which are associated with cardiovascular complications. Also, the high-
-risk prediabetic state is rising worldwide, suggesting the urgent need for early personalized strategies
to prevent and treat a hyperglycemic state.

Conclusion:
The interactome or protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is a useful tool to identify subtle
molecular differences between precise diabetic phenotypes and predict putative novel drugs. Despite
being previously unappreciated as T2DM determinants, the growth factor receptor-bound protein
14 (GRB14), calmodulin 2 (CALM2), and protein kinase C-alpha (PRKCA) might have a relevant
role in disease pathogenesis. Besides, in silico platforms have suggested that diflunisal,
nabumetone, niflumic acid, and valdecoxib may be suitable for the treatment of T1DM; phenoxybenzamine
and idazoxan for the treatment of T2DM by improving insulin secretion; and hydroxychloroquine
reduce the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) by counteracting inflammation. Network
medicine has the potential to improve precision medicine in diabetes care and enhance personalized
therapy. However, only randomized clinical trials will confirm the clinical utility of network-
oriented biomarkers and drugs in the management of DM.