bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOCIALIZATION COMMUNICATION ROLE OF TEACHERS AND PREVENTION OF TEENAGE PREGNANCIES IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NAROK COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Miriti Purity , Mberia Hellen , Wa Ngula Kyalo 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: The purpose was to assess the socialization communication role of teachers and prevention of teenage pregnancies in public secondary schools in Narok County, Kenya.
Methodology: A mixed research design was used in the study. The population of the study included all the 8994 female students of Narok County from 52 secondary schools in the Narok County in the year 2019. The respondents were aged between 13-19 years attending both boarding and day public secondary schools in Narok County in both. Stratified technique of sampling was used to sample the population into strata. The study selected proportionally the subjects from different strata. Total study sample size was 536; 500 respondents for the questionnaire, 12 for the interview, and 24 for the focus group discussions. A questionnaire, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect data. Quantitative data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences computer software package (SPSS statistics version 22). Descriptive statistics drawn include mean, and standard deviation which were presented in tables, frequencies and percentages. Inferential statistics drawn include multiple regression and correlation analysis.
Findings: A significant majority (86.3%) of the respondents indicated that teachers advise on teenage pregnancy impacts positively on student behavior while the rest indicated that it impacted negatively
Unique Contribution to the Society, Policy and Theory: The findings of this research showed that socialization communication helps prevent teenage pregnancies. This therefore means that girls would be able to complete school advance in their studies and when they eventually are of age and ready for marriage, they can help alleviate vicious cycle of poverty as they are eligible to formal employment. There will be general growth in society as women will be empowered. The government and stakeholders should strengthen policies and enhance initiatives to educate more girls and reduce early marriages to the elders in the society, to socialize teenagers in the reality of modern life and the challenges that result in teenage pregnancies. The study improves the theory in that it connects socialization to the role of the teacher
Editorial
Authors: Revista Travessia  
Published: March 2021

Migrar não é apenas sair, caminhar.É também ficar, resistir.
Migrar é caminho para superar a fome pela fartura, a escravidão pela liberdade, o sobreviver pelo viver.Migrar é movimento que buscaeducação,saúde,nova terra,uma melhora.Migrar é passagemda rua, cortiço, favela ou aluguelpara a casa própria;da desocupação e trabalho de "bico"para o emprego estável;do jugo da precisãopara o reino da abundância. [...]
Entre as demandas de Deus e as da sobrevivência
Authors: Beserra Bernadete 
Published: March 2021

Em 26 de novembro de 2005, visitei a Igreja Adventista de Fala Portuguesa de Chino, grande Los Angeles, onde havia realizado pesquisa entre 1997 e 2000. Não vi o pastor David Bravo entre os que dirigiam o culto, mas soube, depois, que ele estava no Brasil, de férias. Reconhecí alguns amigos e conhecidos do tempo da pesquisa, mas pelo menos metade, das cerca de 70 pessoas que assistiam ao culto naquele sábado, eram desconhecidas.[...]
Famílias de emigrantes no norte do Paraná
Authors: Dornelas Sidnei Marco 
Published: March 2021

A região norte do Paraná está marcada historicamente pela migração. Se no espaço de pouco mais de trinta anos ela se povoou intensamente no ritmo da expansão do café, em menos de dez anos ela conheceu um movimento extraordinário de emigração, movido pela urbanização do país, pelo avanço da fronteira agrícola em direção à Amazônia e pela sua própria modernização agrícola e concentração fundiária, que veio esvaziando, desde então, o campo paranaense. Os efeitos para a população rural e urbana se fizeram sentir, principalmente, sobre os grupos mais vulneráveis, o chamado proletariado rural. Essa história de migração influenciou de diferentes maneiras a atuação da Igreja Católica nessa região. Atualmente, as tendências que levaram a esta crescente expulsão de população continuam a agir, atingindo até mesmo a classe média urbana, e criando, a partir da última década, um grande movimento de emigração para fora do país. Trata-se de um fato novo, que traz para dentro da Igreja e da Pastoral do Migrante uma diversificação de problemas e de pessoas a serem acompanhadas, levando inclusive a se perguntar: é possível uma pastoral dos ausentes? [...]
Vivencias discriminatorias según colombianas y paraguayas radicadas en Ecuador y Brasil
Authors: Ruano Elizabeth , Martuscelli Patrícia Nabuco 
Published: March 2021

A partir de las respuestas de migrantes colombianas y paraguayas radicadas en Ecuador y Brasil respectivamente y, en perspectiva con las disposiciones de los tratados internacionales, se objetiva analizar la yuxtaposición de formas de discriminación negativa, género, nacionalidad, lingüística, étnico-racial y estatus migratorio. La intersección analítica entre esas afirmativas y los dispositivos internacionales contra la discriminación, de los cuales son signatarios los cuatro países aquí analizados, ratifica la distancia entre los postulados de esas normativas internacionales y la situaciones cotidianas de discriminación que obstaculizan la inserción digna de las inmigrantes en los países de destino
Assessment of Factors Affecting Attendance of Antenatal Care in Kagote Health Center III, Kabarole District, Uganda
Authors:   , APISO MARGARET 
Published: March 2021

Background: Antenatal care is generally thought to be an effective method of improving outcomes in pregnant women and their babies, although many specific Antenatal Care practices have not been subject to rigorous evaluation Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Kagote HCIII aimed at assessing the factors affecting ANC attendance in the Kabarole district. Using a convenience sampling method, Kagote HCIII was chosen by the random sampling method. A sample of 100 respondents was interviewed. Questionnaires were used to obtain data from the individuals and these were in form of closed and open-ended questions. Results: The majority of the respondents 92(92%) used ANC information in subsequent pregnancies. 48(48%) said that multiparous women did not need to attend ANC if they were healthy while 12% were not sure. Challenges include long distance from the ANC clinic 32(13%), harsh health service providers 8(3%), lack enough support from husbands 22(9%), segregation and discrimination 12(5%), negative attitude towards ANC 16(7%), high transport costs 37(15.4%), lack of enough money 43(18%), lack of enough time 10(4%), too much workload at home 16(7%), long waiting time 20(8.3%), unavailability of some drugs at times 24(10%). Conclusion and recommendation: The factors affecting ANC attendance in Kagote HCIII are; age, occupation, education level, marital status, address, the number of health workers, their cadre, skill, authority, knowledge, nature, the services they and how they offer them, availability of incentives like drugs, multiparity, the order of pregnancy and the challenges mentioned above. There is a need for the MOH to continue sensitizing people about the importance of ANC attendance, outreaches by the health facility to the community to offer the service and encourage attendance, a collaboration between the health facility and the village health team continued health education of women of reproductive age about ANC and its attendance.
Comparison of greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical forests and oil palm plantations on mineral soil
Authors: Drewer Julia , Leduning Melissa M. , Griffiths Robert I. , Goodall Tim , Levy Peter E. , Cowan Nicholas , Comynn-Platt Edward , Hayman Garry , Sentian Justin , Majalap Noreen , Skiba Ute M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. In Southeast Asia, oil palm (OP) plantations have largely replaced
tropical forests. The impact of this shift in land use on greenhouse gas
(GHG) fluxes remains highly uncertain, mainly due to a relatively small pool
of available data. The aim of this study is to quantify differences of
nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes as well as soil
carbon dioxide (CO2) respiration rates from logged forests, oil palm
plantations of different ages, and an adjacent small riparian area. Nitrous
oxide fluxes are the focus of this study, as these emissions are expected to
increase significantly due to the nitrogen (N) fertilizer application in the
plantations. This study was conducted in the SAFE (Stability of Altered
Forest Ecosystems) landscape in Malaysian Borneo (Sabah) with measurements
every 2 months over a 2-year period. GHG fluxes were measured by static
chambers together with key soil physicochemical parameters and microbial
biodiversity. At all sites, N2O fluxes were spatially and temporally
highly variable. On average the largest fluxes (incl. 95 % CI) were measured
from OP plantations (45.1 (24.0–78.5) µg m−2 h−1 N2O-N), slightly smaller fluxes from the riparian area (29.4 (2.8–84.7) µg m−2 h−1 N2O-N), and the smallest fluxes from logged forests
(16.0 (4.0–36.3) µg m−2 h−1 N2O-N). Methane fluxes
were generally small (mean ± SD): −2.6 ± 17.2 µg CH4-C m−2 h−1 for OP and 1.3 ± 12.6 µg CH4-C m−2 h−1 for riparian, with the range of measured CH4 fluxes
being largest in logged forests (2.2 ± 48.3 µg CH4-C m−2 h−1). Soil respiration rates were larger from riparian areas
(157.7 ± 106 mg m−2 h−1 CO2-C) and logged forests
(137.4 ± 95 mg m−2 h−1 CO2-C) than OP plantations
(93.3 ± 70 mg m−2 h−1 CO2-C) as a result of larger
amounts of decomposing leaf litter. Microbial communities were distinctly
different between the different land-use types and sites. Bacterial
communities were linked to soil pH, and fungal and eukaryotic communities were linked to
land use. Despite measuring a large number of environmental parameters,
mixed models could only explain up to 17 % of the variance of measured
fluxes for N2O, 3 % of CH4, and 25 % of soil respiration.
Scaling up measured N2O fluxes to Sabah using land areas for forest and
OP resulted in emissions increasing from 7.6 Mt (95 % confidence interval,
−3.0–22.3 Mt) yr−1 in 1973 to 11.4 Mt (0.2–28.6 Mt) yr−1 in 2015 due
to the increasing area of forest converted to OP plantations over the last
∼ 40 years.
Prevalence and clinical correlates of insomnia symptoms and their association with quality of life in Chinese patients with HBV-related liver disease
Authors: Zhao Jing , Liu Mei , Ungvari Gabor S. , Ng Chee H. , Chow Ines Hang Iao , Wang Ting , Chen Yu , Duan Zhongping , Xiang Yu-Tao , Zheng Su-Jun 
Published: March 2021

Objective
This study aimed to describe the one-month prevalence of insomnia symptoms (insomnia hereafter) and the demographic and clinical correlates, and its association with quality of life (QOL) in Chinese patients with HBV-related liver disease.

Method
A total of 689 patients with HBV-related liver disease in Beijing, China formed the study sample. Three forms of insomnia including difficulty initiating sleep (DIS), difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS) and early morning awakening (EMA) were assessed using standardized questions. QOL was measured using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 12 (SF-12).

Results
The one-month prevalence of at least one type of insomnia was 69.5%, while DIS, DMS and EMA were 60.4%, 54.7% and 50.9%, respectively. Only 4.8% of patients suffering from insomnia received treatment. Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that pre-existing medical conditions were positively associated with DIS and EMA; patients with more severe depressive symptoms were more likely to have DIS, DMS and EMA; local residents were less likely to have DIS; and those who were married and older were more likely to have DMS. Insomnia was not independently associated with QOL.

Conclusions
Insomnia is common in Chinese patients with HBV-related liver disease with a very low rate of treatment. Greater attention should be given to identify and treat insomnia in this patient population.
Contraceptive use during lactational amenorrhea
Authors: Hight‐Laukaran V. , Rutstein S.O. , Labbok M.H. , Ballard E. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: The study uses data from nationally representative sample surveys in developing countries to estimate the overlap between lactational amenorrhea and contraceptive use during the first 6 months postpartum. Method: Secondary analyses of survey data were used to tabulate the proportion of the population in lactational amenorrhea among contraceptive users for all women, for postpartum women and for the country as a whole. Results: Among postpartum women, the proportion in lactational amenorrhea was particularly high in Africa and the Near East and lower in Latin America and the Caribbean where breast‐feeding practices have declined. The median duration of use for oral contraceptives is also presented as an aid to interpreting the significance of the findings. Conclusions: The significance of the findings is considered in the context of planning reproductive health services in the postpartum period. Decisions about timing of contraceptive use for postpartum women, while arrived at on an individual basis, also result from program strategies that focus counseling immediately postpartum or at a later interval, such as when menses resume. On a national level the impact of postpartum contraception policies on use of commodities may be substantial.
Effect of carbamazepine on agitation and emotional lability associated with severe dementia
Authors: Lemke MR 
Published: July 2002

SummaryIn an open prospective study, the stabilizing effects of carbamazepine on agitation, impulsivity and affective lability were investigated in 15 severely demented patients, who had failed to respond to prior neuroleptic medication. Because of leukopenia and allergic reactions in two subjects, carbamazepine treatment was discontinued. In nine patients a clinically relevant improvement was observed.
Development of mechanically stable alginate/chondrocyte constructs: effects of guluronic acid content and matrix synthesis
Authors: Wong Marcy , Siegrist Mark , Wang Xuanhui , Hunziker Ernst 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate factors which enhanced the compressive properties of alginate/chondrocyte constructs. Firstly, we studied the effect of biochemical composition (high, mid and low guluronic acid content) and sterilization method on alginate properties. Secondly, we studied the biosynthetic characteristics of chondrocytes in three different alginate compositions and performed mechanical tests to determine whether the synthesis of cartilage matrix components could significantly enhance the compressive properties. 2% alginate solutions containing an initial cell density of 4 × 106 cells/ml were cast into cylinders and cultured for seven weeks. Compression tests, biochemistry, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy were performed at fixed intervals during the seven‐week culture period. The dynamic modulus, peak strain, and peak stress were maximum for alginate with the highest guluronic acid content. The presence of cells and their respective matrix components enhanced the equilibrium modulus of the constructs for all types of alginate, though this effect was small. Alginate containing the middle amount of guluronic acid resulted in constructs which were both mechanically stable and which promoted synthesis of cartilage matrix proteins. In experiments and applications in which the mechanical integrity of the alginate is important, the composition and purity of the alginate and its method of sterilization should be selected with care. © 2001 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Developmentally regulated serotonin 5‐HT2B receptors
Authors: Nebigil C.G. , Etienne N. , Schaerlinger B. , Hickel P. , Launay J.‐M. , Maroteaux L. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractSerotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine, 5‐HT) binds to numerous cognate receptors to initiate its biological effects. In this review, we have focused on the 5‐HT2B receptor to address how signaling and expression of this receptor is specifically implicated in embryonic development and adult health and disease. Transduction of the 5‐HT2B signaling is complex, including phospholipase C and A2 stimulation, cGMP production and a mitogenic signal that integrates the tyrosine kinase‐signaling pathway. Furthermore, 5‐HT, through the 5‐HT2B receptors, has the ability to control serotonergic differentiation of committed neuron‐like cells. In addition, 5‐HT2B receptors are actively involved in the transient action of 5‐HT during embryonic morphogenesis. Our recent data presented the first genetic evidence that 5‐HT via 5‐HT2B receptors regulates cardiac embryonic development and adult functions and suggested that this receptor subtype may be involved in other physiopathological situations. In particular, 5‐HT‐dependent molecular mechanisms may be involved in embryonic development and postnatal maturation of the enteric nervous system. Also, the involvement of the 5‐HT2B receptor in the vascular growth often observed in hypertension is likely. These probably result from reactivation of developmentally regulated receptors in pathological situations. Finally, embryonic functions of 5‐HT2 receptors observed in Drosophila gastrulation suggest evolutionary conserved mechanisms.
Comparison of CSF neurofilament light chain, neurogranin, and tau to MRI markers
Authors: Mielke Michelle M. , Przybelski Scott A. , Lesnick Timothy G. , Kern Silke , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Knopman David S. , Graff‐Radford Jonathan , Petersen Ronald C. , Jack Clifford R. , Vemuri Prashanthi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe determined whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light (NfL), neurogranin (Ng), and total‐tau (t‐tau) differentially mapped to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of cortical thickness, microstructural integrity (corpus callosum and cingulum fractional anisotropy [FA]), and white matter hyperintensities (WMH).MethodsAnalyses included 536 non‐demented Mayo Clinic Study of Aging participants with CSF NfL, Ng, t‐tau, amyloid beta (Aβ)42 and longitudinal MRI scans. Linear mixed models assessed longitudinal associations between CSF markers and MRI changes.ResultsHigher CSF NfL was associated with decreasing microstructural integrity and WMH. Higher t‐tau was associated with decreasing temporal lobe and Alzheimer's disease (AD) meta region of interest (ROI) cortical thickness. There was no association between Ng and any MRI measure. CSF Aβ42 interacted with Ng for declines in temporal lobe and AD meta ROI cortical thickness and cingulum FA.DiscussionCSF NfL predicts changes in white matter integrity, t‐tau reflects non‐specific changes in cortical thickness, and Ng reflects AD‐specific synaptic and neuronal degeneration.
Synthesis and docking calculations of tetrafluoronaphthalene derivatives and their inhibition profiles against some metabolic enzymes
Authors: Erdoğan Musa , Taslimi Parham , Tuzun Burak 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSyntheses of tetrahydroepoxy, O‐allylic, O‐prenylic, and O‐propargylic tetrafluoronaphthalene derivatives, starting from 1‐bromo‐2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorobenzene, are reported here for the first time. The O‐substituted tetrafluoronaphthalene derivatives were designed and also synthesized via a one‐pot nucleophilic substitution reaction in excellent yields, whereas the tetrafluorotetrahydroepoxynaphthalene derivate was synthesized via a reduction reaction in excellent yield. The chemical structures of all the synthesized molecules were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, and high‐resolution mass spectrometry techniques. In this study, a series of novel tetrafluoronaphthalene derivatives (2, 2a, 4–6) was tested toward several enzymes including α‐glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and human carbonic anhydrase I and II (hCA I/II). The tetrafluoronaphthalene derivatives 2, 2a, and 4–6 showed IC50 and Ki values in the range of 0.83–1.27 and 0.71–1.09 nM against hCA I, 1.26–1.85 and 1.45–5.31 nM against hCA II, 39.02–56.01 and 20.53–56.76 nM against AChE, and 15.27–34.12 and 22.58–30.45 nM against α‐glucosidase, respectively. Molecular docking calculations were made to determine the biological activity values of the tetrafluoronaphthalene derivatives against the enzymes. After the calculations, ADME/T analysis was performed to examine the effects on human metabolism. Finally, these compounds had antidiabetic and anticholinesterase potentials.
Radius, rotational period, and inclination of the Be stars in the Be/gamma‐ray binariesMWC148 andMWC656
Authors: Zamanov Radoslav K. , Stoyanov Kiril A. , Mart Josep , Marchev Vladislav D. , Nikolov Yanko M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUsing TESS photometry and Rozhen spectra of the Be/γ‐ray binaries MWC 148 and MWC 656, we estimate the projected rotational velocity (vsini), rotational period (Prot), radius (R1), and inclination (i) of the mass donor. For MWC 148, we deriveProt= 1.10 ± 0.03 day,R1= 9.2 ± 0.05Rsun,i = 40° ± 2°, andvsini = 272 ± 5km s−1. For MWC 656, we obtainProt= 1.12 ± 0.03 day,R1= 8.8 ± 0.5Rsun,i = 52° ± 3°, andvsini = 313 ± 3km s−1. For MWC 656, we also find that the rotation of the mass donor is coplanar with the orbital plane.
Drimane Derivatives as the First Examples of Covalent BH3 Mimetics that Target MCL‐1
Authors: Daressy Florian , Malard Florian , Seguy Line , Guérineau Vincent , Apel Cécile , Dumontet Vincent , Robert Aude , Groo Anne‐Claire , Litaudon Marc , Bignon Jérôme , Desrat Sandy , Malzert‐Fréon Aurélie , Wiels Joëlle , Lescop Ewen , Roussi Fanny 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDrimane sesquiterpenoid dialdehydes are natural compounds with antiproliferative properties. Nevertheless, their mode of action has not yet been discovered. Herein, we demonstrate that various drimanes are potent inhibitors of MCL‐1 and BCL‐xL, two proteins of the BCL‐2 family that are overexpressed in various cancers, including lymphoid malignancies. Subtle changes in their structure significantly modified their activity on the target proteins. The two most active compounds are MCL‐1 selective and bind in the BH3 binding groove of the protein. Complementary studies by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analyses, but also synthesis, showed that they covalently inhibit MCL‐1 though the formation of a pyrrole adduct. In addition, cytotoxic assays revealed that these two compounds show a cytotoxic selectivity for BL2, a MCL‐1/BCL‐xL‐dependent cell line and induce apoptosis.
Bipedal locomotion in Octopus vulgaris: A complementary observation and some preliminary considerations
Authors: Amodio Piero , Josef Noam , Shashar Nadav , Fiorito Graziano 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLacking an external shell and a rigid endoskeleton, octopuses exhibit a remarkable flexibility in their movements. Bipedal locomotion is perhaps the most iconic example in this regard. Until recently, this peculiar mode of locomotion had been observed only in two species of tropical octopuses: Amphioctopus marginatus and Abdopus aculeatus. Yet, recent evidence indicates that bipedal walking is also part of the behavioral repertoire of the common octopus, Octopus vulgaris. Here we report a further observation of a defense behavior that encompasses both postural and locomotory elements of bipedal locomotion in this cephalopod. By highlighting differences and similarities with the other recently published report, we provide preliminary considerations with regard to bipedal locomotion in the common octopus.