bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methodological approaches and algorithms for recognizing and counting animals in aerial photographs
Authors: Mikhailov Vladimir , Sobolevskii Vladislav , Kolpaschikov Leonid , Soloviev Nikolay , Yakushev Georgiy 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The complexity of recognition and counting of objects in a photographic image is directly related to variability of related factors: physical difference of objects from the same class, presence of images similar to objects to be recognized, non-uniform background, change of shooting conditions and position of the objects when the photo was taken. Most challenging are the problems of identifying people in crowds, animals in natural environment, cars from surveillance cameras, objects of construction and infrastructure on aerial photo images, etc. These problems have their own specific factor space, but the methodological approaches to their solution are similar. Purpose: The development of methodologies and software implementations solving the problem of recognition and counting of objects with high variability, on the example of reindeer recognition in the natural environment. Methods: Two approaches are investigated: feature-based recognition based on binary pixel classification and reference-based recognition using convolutional neural networks. Results: Methodologies and programs have been developed for pixel-by-pixel recognition with subsequent binarization, image clustering and cluster counting and image recognition using the convolutional neural network of Mask R-CNN architecture. The network is first trained to recognize animals as a class from the array of MS COCO dataset images and then trained on the array of aerial photographs of reindeer herds. Analysis of the results shows that feature-based methods with pixel-by-pixel recognition give good results on relatively simple images (recognition error 10–15%). The presence of artifacts on the image that are close to the characteristics of the reindeer images leads to a significant increase in the error. The convolutional neural network showed higher accuracy, which on the test sample was 82%, with no false positives. Practical relevance: А software prototype has been created for the recognition system based on convolutional neural networks with a web interface, and the program itself has been put into limited operation.
A COMPARISON OF URETEROSCOPY WITH SUPINE-TRANS-GLUTEAL EXTRA-CORPOREAL SHOCK-WAVE LITHOTRIPSY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DISTAL URETERIC CALCULUS.
Authors: Kumar Gulshan 
Published: October 2021

Background: Uro-lithiasis is one of the most frequent urological disorders seen on a daily basis. Ureterorenoscopic Lithotripsy has traditionally been used to treat distal ureteric calculus (URSL). Extra-corporeal Shock-wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) using a trans-gluteal route has recently been investigated.
Aims & objectives: The goal of this study is to see how supine trans-gluteal ESWL works on distal ureteric calculus and compare it to semi-rigid ureterorenoscopy in the management of distal ureteric calculus.
Material & methods: A total of 240 subjects were included in our trial, which lasted a year and was randomly separated into two categories by an independent observer. After collecting consents, taking a full history and doing clinical examinations as needed, and conducting the necessary biochemical and radiological studies, Category A was offered ESWL while Category B was offered URSL. After 15 days after the procedure, the subjects were followed up on.
Results: Many subjects, especially the elderly, obese, and those with physical disabilities or poor mobility, prefer the supine posture SWL. When the patient and calculus characteristics were compared, there was no discernible difference between the two categories. In both categories, males make up the bulk of the subjects (82 percent). The supine trans-gluteal SWL category had an 89 percent calculus-free rate.
Conclusion: We conclude that ESWL management has a low morbidity and high effectiveness, and that the results are comparable to those of uretero-scopy with intra-corporeal lithotripsy, with the added benefits of an outpatient operation, no need for anaesthesia, and the use of DJ stents.
Keywords: Distal Ureteric Calculus, URSL, Trans-gluteal ESWL, Calculus clearance.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA ONLINE TERHADAP SIKAP BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Hafidah Nur 
Published: October 2021

Di Indonesia, perkembangan internet mengalami perkembangan yang cukup pesat. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari merebaknya berbagai penyedia jasa layanan internet, menjamurnya warung/kafe internet, dan keterjangkauan akses internet dari segi biaya. Dewasa ini teknologi internet sudah tidak dianggap barang mewah lagi, bahkan sudah menjadi kebutuhan. Internet menimbulkan dampak seperti banyaknya perubahan tatanan sosial budaya. keberadaan internet banyak menimbulkan
perubahan yang cukup besar bagisiswa sehingga , siswa dapat mengakses berbagai macam informasi, materi-materi pelajaran secara mandiri dan dapat dijadikan sebagai motivasi belajar. Pembelajaran fisika berbasis website peneliti anggap cocok dilakukan dalam situasi tersebut. Konsep pembelajaran berbasis websit memungkinkan siswa untuk dapat belajar dengan mandiri, menyelesaikan tes tutorial, diskusi, chatting, bahkan mengikuti evaluasi melalui media website. Dengan konsep tersebut, siswa mampu berdiskusi secara online dan dipandu untuk mengemukakan pertanyaan yang baik untuk mendorong kemampuan siswa. Media pembelajaran online yang telah dilakukan menunjukan bahwa media pembelajaran online sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan nilai efektifitas terendah 52,00% sampai tertinggi 94,47% dengan rata-rata 79,05%.
Pengujian Intrumen Evaluasi Kinerja Konselor Profesional di Sekolah
Authors: - Amiruddin 
Published: October 2021

Konselor yang profesional membedakan anda dari para pofesional lain yang menggunakan label konselor/penasihat. Para konselor profesional, tanggungjawab tersebut meliputi hal-hal sebagai berikut: para konselor profesional harus terlatih sepenuhnya dan berkualifikasi agar sanggup memenuhi kebutuhan populas klien yang mereka tangani atau dipercayakan padanya, pelatihan mensyaratkan tingkat pendidikan yang memadai (minimal master atau sarjana strata dua lainnya) yang akan memampukan calon konselor profesional memahami dan menyadari betul-betul teori sistematik yang menuntun praktik profesionalnya; para konselor profesional secara aktif harus mencari dan mendapatkan sertifikat atau lisensi yang tepat sesuai pelatihan, latar belakang dan lingkup praktiknya; para konselor profefsional perlu berkomitmen secara pribadi dan profesional untuk mempebaharui dan meningkatkan keahlian dan pengetahuan mereka sebagai cerminan dan representasi kemajuan terbaru dibidang profesi mereka; para konselor profesional menyadari dan berkontribusi bagi pengembangan profesi dengan melakukan dan berpartisipasi dalam studi-studi riset yang dirancang untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang profesinya.
Penggunaan Tes terstandar (Standardized test), di dalam tes yang terstandar yang disusun oleh peneliti ini sudah dicantumkan petunjuk pelaksanaan, waktu yang dibutuhkan, bahan yang tercakup, dan hal-hal lain adalah validitas dan realibitas hasil instrumen.
Analisis data uji instrumen dengan SPSS 17 menggunakan analisis statistik Alpha Cronbach diperoleh nilai koefisien realibilitas sebesar 0, 924 kriteria keoefisien realibitas tinggi setelah empat kali analisis. Pada analisis pertama, koefisien korelasi sebesar 0, 859 dengan kriterian tinggi. Namun pada tabel Total Item Statistic terdapat empat item yang tidak memenuhi kriteria ≥ 0,3 yakni item11, item12, item13 dan item14, maka item tersebut digugurkan.
Impaired Relaxation and Reduced Lusitropic Reserve in Atrial Myocardium in the Obese Patients
Authors: Wen Yan , Deißler Peter M. , Primeßnig Uwe , Dushe Simon , Falk Volkmar , Parwani Abdul Shokor , Boldt Leif-Hendrik , Blaschke Florian , Knosalla Christoph , Grubitzsch Herko , Pieske Burkert M. , Heinzel Frank R. 
Published: October 2021

Background: Obesity can influence the structure and function of the atrium, but most studies focused on the relationship of body mass index (BMI) and overt left atrium (LA) dysfunction as assessed by clinical imaging. We combined the assessment of right atrium (RA) function in vivo and in vitro in obese and non-obese patients scheduled for elective cardiac surgery.Methods: Atrial structure and function were quantified pre-operatively by echocardiography. RA tissue removed for the establishment of extracorporeal support was collected and RA trabeculae function was quantified in vitro at baseline and with adrenergic stimulation (isoproterenol). Fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) was quantified in RA tissue. Results were stratified according to the BMI of the patients.Results: About 76 patients were included pre-operatively for the echocardiographic analysis. RA trabeculae function at baseline was finally quantified from 46 patients and RA function in 28 patients was also assessed with isoproterenol. There was no significant correlation between BMI and the parameters of atrial function measured by the clinical echocardiography. However, in vitro measurements revealed a significant correlation between BMI and a prolonged relaxation of the atrial myocardium at baseline, which persisted after controlling for the atrial fibrillation and diabetes by the partial correlation analysis. Acceleration of relaxation with isoproterenol was significantly lower in the obese group (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). As a result, relaxation with adrenergic stimulation in the obese group remained significantly higher compared to the overweight group (25 kg/m2 ≤ BMI &lt; 30 kg/m2, p = 0.027) and normal group (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI &lt; 25 kg/m2, p = 0.036). There were no differences on impacts of the isoproterenol on (systolic) developed force between groups. The expression of FABP3 in the obese group was significantly higher compared to the normal group (p = 0.049) and the correlation analysis showed the significant correlations between the level of FABP3 in the RA trabeculae function.Conclusion: A higher BMI is associated with the early subclinical changes of RA myocardial function with the slowed relaxation and reduced adrenergic lusitropy.
Characterization and Comparison of Intestinal Bacterial Microbiomes of Euschistus heros and Piezodorus guildinii Collected in Brazil and the United States
Authors: Moro Matheus Sartori , Wu Xing , Wei Wei , Mendes Lucas William , Allen Kerry Clint , Pinheiro José Baldin , Clough Steven J. , Zucchi Maria Imaculada 
Published: October 2021

Background: Herbivorous insects are one of the main biological threats to crops. One such group of insects, stink bugs, do not eat large amounts of tissue when feeding on soybean, but are damaging to the quality of the seed yield as they feed on green developing seeds leading to poorly marketable harvests. In addition to causing physical damage during sucking-feeding activities, the insects can also transmit microbial pathogens, leading to even greater yield loss. Conducting surveys of the insect intestinal microbiome can help identify possible pathogens, as well as detail what healthy stink bug digestive systems have in common.Methods: We used the conserved V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene to characterize the bacterial microbiome of the red-banded stink bug Piezodorus guildinii collected in Brazil and the United States, as well as the neotropical brown stink bug Euschistus heros collected in Brazil.Results: After quality filtering of the data, 192 samples were kept for analyses: 117 samples from P. guildinii covering three sites in Brazil and four sites in the United States, and 75 samples for E. heros covering 10 sites in Brazil. The most interesting observations were that the diversity and abundance of some bacterial families were different in the different ecoregions of Brazil and the United States.Conclusion: Some families, such as Acetobacteraceae, Bacillaceae, Moraxellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Rhodocyclaceae, may be related to the better adaptation in some localities in providing nutrients, break down cellulose, detoxify phytochemicals, and degrade organic compounds, which makes it difficult to control these species.
Quantification of Daily-Living Gait Quantity and Quality Using a Wrist-Worn Accelerometer in Huntington's Disease
Authors: Keren Karin , Busse Monica , Fritz Nora E. , Muratori Lisa M. , Gazit Eran , Hillel Inbar , Scheinowitz Micky , Gurevich Tanya , Inbar Noit , Omer Nurit , Hausdorff Jeffrey M. , Quinn Lori 
Published: October 2021

Background: Huntington's disease (HD) leads to altered gait patterns and reduced daily-living physical activity. Accurate measurement of daily-living walking that takes into account involuntary movements (e.g. chorea) is needed.Objective: To evaluate daily-living gait quantity and quality in HD, taking into account irregular movements.Methods: Forty-two individuals with HD and fourteen age-matched non-HD peers completed clinic-based assessments and a standardized laboratory-based circuit of functional activities, wearing inertial measurement units on the wrists, legs, and trunk. These activities were used to train and test an algorithm for the automated detection of walking. Subsequently, 29 HD participants and 22 age-matched non-HD peers wore a tri-axial accelerometer on their non-dominant wrist for 7 days. Measures included gait quantity (e.g., steps per day), gait quality (e.g., regularity) metrics, and percentage of walking bouts with irregular movements.Results: Measures of daily-living gait quantity including step counts, walking time and bouts per day were similar in HD participants and non-HD peers (p &gt; 0.05). HD participants with higher clinician-rated upper body chorea had a greater percentage of walking bouts with irregular movements compared to those with lower chorea (p = 0.060) and non-HD peers (p &lt; 0.001). Even after accounting for irregular movements, within-bout walking consistency was lower in HD participants compared to non-HD peers (p &lt; 0.001), while across-bout variability of these measures was higher (p &lt; 0.001). Many of the daily-living measures were associated with disease-specific measures of motor function.Conclusions: Results suggest that a wrist-worn accelerometer can be used to evaluate the quantity and quality of daily-living gait in people with HD, while accounting for the influence of irregular (choreic-like) movements, and that gait features related to within- and across-bout consistency markedly differ in individuals with HD and non-HD peers.
Deviation Analyses of Computer-Assisted, Template-Guided Mandibular Reconstruction With Combined Osteotomy and Reconstruction Pre-Shaped Plate Position Technology: A Comparative Study
Authors: Chen Jie , Zhang Ruipu , Liang Ye , Ma Yujie , Song Saiwen , Jiang Canhua 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundComputer-assisted and template-guided mandibular reconstruction provides higher accuracy and less variation than conventional freehand surgeries. The combined osteotomy and reconstruction pre-shaped plate position (CORPPP) technique is a reliable choice for mandibular reconstruction. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of CORPPP-guided fibular flap mandibular reconstruction and analyze the possible causes of the deviations.Patients and MethodsFrom June 2015 to December 2016, 28 patients underwent fibular flap mandibular reconstruction. Virtual planning and personalized CORPPP-guided templates were applied in 15 patients while 13 patients received conventional freehand surgeries. Deviations during mandibulectomy and fibular osteotomy, and overall and triaxial deviation of the corresponding mandibular anatomical landmarks were measured by superimposing the pre- and postoperative virtual models.ResultsThe deviation of the resection line and resection angle was 1.23 ± 0.98 mm and 4.11° ± 2.60°. The actual length of fibula segments was longer than the designed length in 7 cases (mean: 0.35 ± 0.32 mm) and shorter in 22 cases (mean: 1.53 ± 1.19 mm). In patients without ramus reconstruction, deviations of the ipsilateral condylar head point (Co.), gonion point (Go.), and coracoid process point (Cor.) were 6.71 ± 3.42 mm, 5.38 ± 1.71 mm, and 11.05 ± 3.24 mm in the freehand group and 1.73 ± 1.13 mm, 1.86 ± 0.96 mm, and 2.54 ± 0.50 mm in the CORPPP group, respectively, with significant statistical differences (p &lt; 0.05). In patients with ramus reconstruction, deviations of ipsilateral Co. and Go. were 9.79 ± 4.74 mm vs. 3.57 ± 1.62 mm (p &lt; 0.05), and 15.17 ± 6.53 mm vs. 4.36 ± 1.68 mm (p &lt; 0.05) in the freehand group and CORPPP group, respectively.ConclusionMandibular reconstructions employing virtual planning and personalized CORPPP-guided templates show significantly higher predictability, convenience, and accuracy of mandibular reconstruction compared with conventional freehand surgeries. However, more clinical cases were required for further dimensional deviation analysis. The application and exploration of clinical practice would also continuously improve the design of templates.
Patient Engagement in Health Management as a Mediator Between Perceived Risk and COVID-19 Related Distress in Patients With IBD: A Structural Equation Model
Authors: Castellini Greta , Palamenghi Lorenzo , Savarese Mariarosaria , Barello Serena , Leone Salvatore , Previtali Enrica , Armuzzi Alessandro , Graffigna Guendalina 
Published: October 2021

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 emergency on patients with IBD's psychological distress, understanding the role of patient engagement as a mediator.Methods: An online questionnaire was created, measuring perceived risk susceptibility toward COVID-19, perceived stress, and patient engagement. The questionnaire was distributed to a purposive sample of IBD patients who belonged to the Italian Association for patients with IBD (AMICI Onlus) in April 2020. Structural equation models were implemented.Results: The effect of the perceived risk susceptibility toward COVID-19 contagion on the perceived stress is fully mediated by patient engagement (β = 0.306, p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, the patient engagement mitigates the perceived stress (β = −0.748, p &lt; 0.001) in our sample of IBD patients, and it is negatively influenced by the perceived risk susceptibility toward COVID-19 (β = −0.410, p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Patient engagement is the key factor that explains how the perceived risk susceptibility toward COVID-19 affects the perceived psychological distress in patients with IBD, underlining that the perceived risk of contagion increases their perceived level of stress through a decrease of patient engagement.
The Linkages Between Reimbursement and Prevention: A Mixed-Methods Approach
Authors: Zwaagstra Salvado Ellen , van Elten Hilco J. , van Raaij Erik M. 
Published: October 2021

Background: The benefits of prevention are widely recognized; ranging from avoiding disease onset to substantially reducing disease burden, which is especially relevant considering the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases. However, its delivery has encountered numerous obstacles in healthcare. While healthcare professionals play an important role in stimulating prevention, their behaviors can be influenced by incentives related to reimbursement schemes.Purpose: The purpose of this research is to obtain a detailed description and explanation of how reimbursement schemes specifically impact primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary prevention.Methods: Our study takes a mixed-methods approach. Based on a rapid review of the literature, we include and assess 27 studies. Moreover, we conducted semi-structured interviews with eight Dutch healthcare professionals and two representatives of insurance companies, to obtain a deeper understanding of healthcare professionals' behaviors in response to incentives.Results: Nor fee-for-service (FFS) nor salary can be unambiguously linked to higher or lower provision of preventive services. However, results suggest that FFS's widely reported incentive to increase production might work in favor of preventive services such as immunizations but provide less incentives for chronic disease management. Salary's incentive toward prevention will be (partially) determined by provider-organization's characteristics and reimbursement. Pay-for-performance (P4P) is not always necessarily translated into better health outcomes, effective prevention, or adequate chronic disease management. P4P is considered disruptive by professionals and our results expose how it can lead professionals to resort to (over)medicalization in order to achieve targets. Relatively new forms of reimbursement such as population-based payment may incentivize professionals to adapt the delivery of care to facilitate the delivery of some forms of prevention.Conclusion: There is not one reimbursement scheme that will stimulate all levels of prevention. Certain types of reimbursement work well for certain types of preventive care services. A volume incentive could be beneficial for prevention activities that are easy to specify. Population-based capitation can help promote preventive activities that require efforts that are not incentivized under other reimbursements, for instance activities that are not easily specified, such as providing education on lifestyle factors related to a patient's (chronic) disease.
KEPUASAN PENGGUNA ATAS LAYANAN WEBSITE DITINJAU DARI ASPEK DESAIN WEB DAN KUALITAS INFORMASI PADA WEBSITE
Authors: Rahmi Palupi Permata 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini membahas tentang pentingnya pemanfaatan internet untuk meningkatkan daya saing dengan perguruan tinggi lain. Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi (STIE) INABA Bandung memiliki website yaitu www.inaba.ac.id yang berfungsi sebagai media komunikasi yang dapat memberikan informasi bagi mahasiswa, dosen, dan masyarakat umum. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh desain website dan kualitas informasi terhadap kepuasan pengguna atas layanan website dengan menyebarkan 39 angket kepada mahasiswa pascasarjana semester 1 tahun akademik studi manajemen 2020 sebagai responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Menggunakan model metode persamaan struktural - partial least square SEM - PLS. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desain website dan kualitas informasi mempengaruhi kepuasan pengguna atas layanan website.
Kata Kunci: Kepuasan Pengguna, Desain Web, Kualitas Informasi, Nilai Inovasi, Teknologi, SEM, PLS.
Relationship between blurring factors and interfacial effects in chemically amplified resist processes in photomask fabrication
Authors: Kozawa Takahiro , Tamura Takao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Chemically amplified resists are an indispensable technology for photomask fabrication. The formation of latent images near interfaces in resist films is strongly affected by low-energy electron dynamics at the interfaces. On the other hand, the latent images are blurred by low-energy electron migration and acid diffusion in latent image formation. In this study, the relationship between blurring factors and interfacial effects was investigated by simulating the latent image formation on the basis of the sensitization and reaction mechanisms of chemically amplified electron beam resists. For low-energy electron dynamics, the interfacial effects on the protected unit distribution was reduced and the chemical gradient slightly increased with decreasing thermalization distance. For acid diffusion, the decrease in exposure pattern width significantly reduced the interfacial effects on the protected unit distribution in the depth direction because the acid diffusion length can be increased without sacrificing resolution.