bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Significance of Clinical and Post-Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Associated Histomorphological Parameters in Osteosarcoma: A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Vangala Navatha , Uppin Shantveer G. , Rao K. Nageshwara , Chandrasekhar P. , Gundeti Sadashivudu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroduction Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent bone cancer in adolescents. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by resection is the current modality of treatment for osteosarcoma. Histological evaluation of extent of tumor necrosis on resection is a well-established prognostic indicator in osteosarcoma correlating with survival in most cases.Objectives The main objective of this study was to establish prognostic significance of various clinical and histological parameters post-NACT in osteosarcoma and to compare the integrated prognostic index proposed by Chui et al, with grading of response to NACT by Huvos and Rosen for osteosarcoma.Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study done over a period of four years and includes 47 cases of osteosarcoma treated with NACT. All slides were reviewed and association of various clinical and histological parameters with overall survival was assessed with chi-squared test and Cox-regression analysis.Results Statistical analysis revealed the prognostic significance of age at presentation, anatomic site, primary tumor size, metastatic status, and clinical stage. Histological parameters such as mitosis ≥10/10hpfs, ≥10% residual tumor were significantly associated with poor survival. Tumor necrosis ≥ 90% (excluding areas of hemorrhage, fibrosis and acellular osteoid) was significantly associated with increased survival. An integrated prognostic index formed by combining above parameters gives a better estimate of overall survival compared with residual disease or necrosis alone.Conclusion Integrated prognostic index improves prognostication in patients treated for osteosarcoma.
Severe Maternal Morbidity among Women in the U. S. Military, 2003–2015
Authors: Hall Clinton , Romano Celeste J. , Bukowinski Anna T. , Gumbs Gia R. , Dempsey Kaitlyn N. , Poole Aaron T. , Conlin Ava Marie S. , Lamb Shannon V. 
Published: December 2021

Objective This study aimed to assess trends and correlates of severe maternal morbidity at delivery among active duty women in the U.S. military, all of whom are guaranteed health care and full employment.
Study Design Linked military personnel and medical encounter data from the Department of Defense Birth and Infant Health Research program were used to identify a cohort of delivery hospitalizations among active duty military women from January 2003 through August 2015. Cases of severe maternal morbidity were identified by applying 21- and 20-condition algorithms (with and without blood transfusion) developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Rates (per 10,000 delivery hospitalizations) were reported overall and by specific condition. Multivariable Poisson regression models estimated associations with demographic, clinical, and military characteristics.
Results Overall, 187,063 hospitalizations for live births were included for analyses. The overall 21- and 20-condition severe maternal morbidity rates were 111.7 (n = 2089) and 37.4 (n = 699) per 10,000 delivery hospitalizations, respectively. The 21-condition rate increased by 184% from 2003 to 2015; the 20-condition rate increased by 40%. Compared with non-Hispanic White women, the adjusted 21-condition rate of severe maternal morbidity was higher for Hispanic (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–1.46), non-Hispanic Black (aRR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.21–1.49), Asian/Pacific Islander (aRR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.13–1.61), and American Indian/Alaska Native (aRR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.06–1.82) women. Rates also varied by age, clinical factors, and deployment history.
Conclusion Active duty U.S. military women experienced an increase in severe maternal morbidity from 2003 to 2015 that followed national trends, despite protective factors such as stable employment and universal health care. Similar to other populations, military women of color were at higher risk for severe maternal morbidity relative to non-Hispanic White military women. Continued surveillance and further investigation into maternal health outcomes are critical for identifying areas of improvement in the Military Health System.
Key Points
Single Chest Drain Practice Reduces Discharge Opioid Prescriptions in Thoracic Surgery
Authors: Zorrilla-Vaca Andres , Feldman Hope , Antonoff Maria , Sepesi Boris , Hofstetter Wayne , Rajaram Ravi , Swisher Stephen , Mena Gabriel , Vaporciya Ara , Mehran Reza , Rice David 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction Chest drains are placed following pulmonary resection to promote lung re-expansion. The superiority of two chest drains at preventing postoperative complications has not been established, and practice remains largely dictated by surgeon preference. We sought to compare patient outcomes based on number of chest drains used.
Methods This is a retrospective analysis including patients undergoing lobectomies and segmentectomies between March 2016 and April 2020. Patients were categorized based on number of chest drains placed and were matched 1:1 using the nearest neighbor (greedy) technique. Our primary outcome was opioid prescriptions at discharge (in morphine equivalent daily dose [MEDD]). Associations were tested using multilevel mixed-effects regression to account for variability between surgeons.
Results A total of 1,094 patients met inclusion criteria. Single chest drain was used in 922 patients, whereas 172 had two chest tubes. After matching, there were 111 patients in each group. In multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression, patients treated with a single chest drain received fewer opioid prescriptions (β: −194 MEDD, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −302 to −86 MEDD, p < 0.01), were more likely to be opioid-free at hospital discharge (odds ratio [OR] = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.08–4.12, p = 0.03), and had lower readmission rates within 30 days (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.13–0.84, p = 0.02). Single chest drain practice did not affect the risk of pulmonary complications and there was no statistically significant difference in length of hospital stay (3 days [interquartile range: 2–5] vs. 4 days [3–6], p = 0.08).
Conclusion Single chest drain practice in lobectomies and segmentectomies was associated with less opioid prescription requirement without any increase in complications.
Impact of Prematurity on the Buccal Epithelial Cells of the Neonates via Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway and Apoptosis
Authors: Donmez Hanife Guler , Celik Hasan Tolga , Kayki Gozdem , Tanacan Atakan , Cagan Murat , Yigit Sule , Yurdakok Murat , Cakar Ayse Nur , Beksac Mehmet Sinan 
Published: December 2021

Objective Understanding the reflections of prematurity is necessary for the management of neonatal complications. We focused on the impact of prematurity and related “maternal risk factors/obstetric complications” on buccal cells of the neonates via evaluation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and apoptosis.
Study Design This study consisted of “early preterm neonates (EPN) (≤34th gestational week [gw]) (n = 36),” “late preterm neonates (LPN) (34th– < 37th gw) (n = 46),” and “term neonates (control) (≥37th gw) (n = 56).” Cohort was also subclassified according to the presence of maternal risk factors, obstetric complications, and neonatal complications. Wnt/β-catenin signaling and caspase-3 activation pathways were studied immunocytochemically.
Results Wnt/β-catenin signaling positivity was statistically more frequent at buccal smears of the EPN and LPN groups compared with controls (p < 0.001). The cutoff for gestational age at delivery in receiver operating characteristic curve with the best balance of sensitivity (67.4%) and specificity (67.3%) was 35.8th gw for determining the reduction of Wnt/β-catenin signaling positivity (p < 0.001). The study demonstrated that obstetric complications significantly affected the activity of signaling, while maternal risk factors do not have any effect on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (p = 0.003 and p = 0.828, respectively). This study also demonstrated a significant relationship between Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and the presence of neonatal complications (p = 0.015).
Conclusion Dynamic characteristics of buccal cells are influenced by prematurity and related obstetric and neonatal problems. Buccal smear is a good tool to investigate the impact of prematurity and obstetric problems on perinatal outcome.
Key Points
Application of Health Technology Assessment for Oncology Care in India: Implications for Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Aarogya Yojana
Authors: Gupta Nidhi , Jyani Gaurav , Rajsekar Kavitha , Gupta Rakesh , Nagar Anu , Gedam Praveen , Prinja Shankar 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA health system is considered efficient when it provides maximum health gains to the population from the available resources. Newer drugs, diagnostics and treatment strategies aim to improve the health of the population, however, they come at an increased cost. Therefore, for an efficient health system, it needs to be decided if the extra cost being incurred is justified to achieve the extra health gains. In this regard, health technology assessment (HTA) helps to make evidence informed decisions by evaluating relative cost and benefits of the available interventions. Economic evidence generated by HTA can also be used in framing standard treatment guidelines (STGs) for high-cost cancer care. In multi-payer systems like India, the decisions regarding the clinical management of patients are taken based on the patients' ability to pay, which creates inequities in utilization of healthcare. Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Aarogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY) offers an opportunity to ensure equity as it reduces financial barriers, besides having a potential to affect efficiency by including only cost-effective interventions in the benefit package. As a result, informed clinical decisions based upon HTA evidence can make cancer treatment more efficient, equitable and affordable for the patients.
Expression Levels of the CA9, WT1, and PRAME Genes and Genotyping-Associated Antigens for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Jassim Tabark S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent type of cancer worldwide, and is one of the major health problems in Asia, Africa, Europe, and America. The tumor antigens recently are of interesting indicators as diagnostic and prognostic tools. The aim of the present study is to detect the expression levels of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9), the Wilms tumor gene (WT1), and the preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) in the peripheral blood of CRC patients in comparison with healthy controls.
Methods A prospective case-control study of CRC patients was conducted. We included 25 newly-diagnosed CRC eligible patients and obtained peripheral blood samples of them as well as 10 blood samples from the control group. All samples were then submitted to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction and a molecular study through real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results The CRC group consisted of 15 (60%) female and 10 (40%) male patients with a mean age of 50.52 ± 9.8 years, while the control group included 4 (40%) female and 6 (60%) male patients with a mean age of 47.7 ± 7.9 years. The CRC group, 24 (96%) of patient samples were CA9-positive with strong statistically significant differences (p < 0.00001; sensitivity: 96%; specificity: 90%). Regarding the WT1 gene, there were 11 (44%) positive samples in the CRC group, with no statistically significant differences (p = 0.055; sensitivity: 44%; specificity: 90%). The PRAME gene was positive in 9 (36%) samples in the CRC group, with no statistically significant differences (p = 0.357; sensitivity: 36%; specificity: 80%. Among CA9 (24 patients; 96%) of patients with CRC expressed positive results, in WT1 11(91.6%) CRC patients expressed gene, and in PRAME gene, 9 patients with CRC (81.8%) expressed positive results.
Conclusion Overexpression of the CA9 gene in CRC of high sensitivity and specificity to be used as a tool to discriminate CRC from benign associate with high accuracy compare to WT1 and PRAME genes.
Heart rate variability after bariatric surgery: The add‐on value of exercise
Authors: Belzile D. , Auclair A. , Roberge J. , Piché ME , Lebel A. , Pettigrew M. , Marceau S. , Biertho L. , Poirier P. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTPurposeTo assess the impact of bariatric surgery and an added supervised exercise training programme on heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with severe obesity.MethodsFifty‐nine patients who underwent bariatric surgery were randomised in the post‐operative period to a 12‐week supervised exercise training programme (moderate intensity combination aerobic/resistance exercise training programme) or a control group. Indices of HRV including time‐domain, spectral‐domain, and nonlinear parameters were measured preoperatively, and at 3, 6, and 12 months.ResultsAfter the surgical procedure, both groups improved anthropometric parameters. Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia resolutions were similar between groups. Total body weight loss at 6 and 12 months were also comparable between groups (6 months: 28 ± 6 vs. 30 ± 6%; 12 months: 38 ± 9 vs. 38 ± 10%; control vs. intervention group respectively). Bariatric surgery improved HRV parameters at 12 months compared to the pre‐operative values in the intervention group: standard deviation of R‐R interval (SDNN) (156.0 ± 46.4 vs. 122.6 ± 33.1 ms), low frequency (LF) (6.3 ± 0.8 vs. 5.8 ± 0.7 ms2), and high frequency (HF) (5.1 ± 0.8 vs. 4.7 ± 0.9 ms2) (all p<0.001). For the control patients, similar improvements in SDNN (150.0 ± 39.4 vs. 118.8 ± 20.1 ms), LF (6.1 ± 0.9 vs. 5.7 ± 0.8 ms2), and HF (5.0 ± 0.9 vs. 4.7 ± 0.9 ms2) were obtained (all p<0.001). However, there was no add‐on impact of the supervised exercise training programme on HRV after 12 months (p>0.05 for all HRV parameters).ConclusionBariatric surgery is associated with an improvement in HRV. A supervised exercise training programme in the post‐operative period did not modulate further the benefits of bariatric surgery regarding HRV parameters.
Atomistic simulation of ultra-short pulsed laser ablation of Al: an extension for non-thermalized electrons and ballistic transport
Authors: Eisfeld Eugen , Förster Daniel , Klein Dominic , Roth Johannes 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
For our model material aluminum, the influence of laser pulse duration in the range between 0.5 and 16 ps on the ablation depth is investigated in a computational study with a hybrid approach, combining molecular dynamics with the well known two-temperature model. A simple, yet expedient extension is proposed to account for the delayed thermalization as well as ballistic transport of the excited electrons. Comparing the simulated ablation depths to a series of our own experiments, the extension is found to considerably increase the predictive power of the model.
Dynamic resistive switching devices for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Wu Yuting , Wang Xinxin , Lu Wei D 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNeuromorphic systems that can emulate the structure and the operations of biological neural circuits have long been viewed as a promising hardware solution to meet the ever-growing demands of big-data analysis and AI tasks. Recent studies on resistive switching or memristive devices have suggested such devices may form the building blocks of biorealistic neuromorphic systems. In a memristive device, the conductance is determined by a set of internal state variables, allowing the device to exhibit rich dynamics arising from the interplay between different physical processes. Not only can these devices be used for compute-in-memory architectures to tackle the von Neumann bottleneck, the switching dynamics of the devices can also be used to directly process temporal data in a biofaithful fashion. In this review, we analyze the physical mechanisms that govern the dynamic switching behaviors and highlight how these properties can be utilized to efficiently implement synaptic and neuronal functions. Prototype systems that have been used in machine learning and brain-inspired network implementations will be covered, followed with discussions on the challenges for large scale implementations and opportunities for building bio-inspired, highly complex computing systems.
Frontally polymerizable shape memory polymer for 3D printing of free-standing structures
Authors: An Yongsan , Jang Joon Hyeok , Youk Ji Ho , Yu Woong-Ryeol 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Four-dimensional (4D) printing is used to describe three-dimensional (3D)-printed objects with properties that change over time. Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are representative materials for 4D printing technologies. The ability to print geometrically complex, free-standing forms with SMPs is crucial for successful 4D printing. In this study, an SMP capable of frontal polymerization featuring exothermic self-propagation was synthesized by adding cyclooctene to a poly(dicyclopentadiene) network, resulting in switching segments. The rheological properties of this SMP were controlled by adjusting incubation time. A nozzle system was designed such that the SMP could be printed with simultaneous polymerization to yield a free-standing structure. The printing speed was set to 3 cm min−1 according to the frontal polymerization speed. A free-standing, hexagonal spiral was successfully printed and printed spiral structure showed excellent shape memory performance with a fixity ratio of about 98% and a recovery ratio of 100%, thereby demonstrating the 3D printability and shape memory performance of frontally polymerizable SMPs.
The qutrit as a heat diode and circulator
Authors: Díaz Israel , Sánchez Rafael 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We investigate the heat transport properties of a three-level system coupled to three thermal baths, assuming a model based on superconducting circuit implementations. The system-bath coupling is mediated by resonators which serve as frequency filters for the different qutrit transitions. Taking into account the finite quality factors of the resonators, we find thermal rectification and circulation effects not expected in configurations with perfectly-filtered couplings. Heat leakage in off-resonant transitions can be exploited to make the system work as an ideal diode where heat flows in the same direction between two baths irrespective of the sign of the temperature difference, as well as a perfect heat circulator whose state is phase-reversible.
The physics program of the PADME experiment
Authors: Caricato A P , Martino M , Oceano I , Oliva F , Spagnolo S , Chiodini G , Bossi F , Buonomo B , De Sangro R , Di Giulio C , Domenici D , Finocchiaro G , Foggetta L G , Garattini M , Ghigo A , Giacchino F , Gianotti P , Sarra I , Sciascia B , Spadaro T , Spiriti E , Taruggi C , Vilucchi E , Ferrarotto F , Leonardi E , Safai Tehrani F , Valente P , Fiore S , Georgiev G , Ivanov S , Simeonov R , Kozhuharov V , Liberti B , Long E , Organtini G C , Piperno G , Raggi M , Martini M , Capirossi V , Iazzi F , Pinna F , Alexander J , Frankenthal A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
PADME (Positron Annihilation into Dark Matter Experiment) is a fixed target experiment located at the Beam Test Facility (BTF) at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF) designed to search for a massive dark photon

A
′

in the process

e

+

e

−

→
γ
A
′

, using a positron beam of energy up to 550 MeV. The experiment exploits the missing mass technique which allows for a search of

A
′

in a model independent way. A sensitivity on the mixing constant ϵ > 10−3 for a dark photon mass in the range

1
≤

m

A
′

≤
23.7

MeV

/c2 can be achieved by collecting 4 × 1013 positrons on target. Run 2 data taking finished in December 2020 and allowed to reach an integrated luminosity of 5 × 1012 positrons on target.
Propagation of dust-acoustic nonlinear waves in a homogeneous collisional dusty plasma
Authors: Alotaibi B M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Nonlinear propagation of dust-acoustic waves DAWs in a weakly collisional dusty plasma comprising warm adiabatic fluid dust particles, isothermal electrons, and ions is investigated. We used the reductive perturbation theory to reduce the basic set of fluid equations to one evolution equation, namely damped Kadomtsev–Petviashivili (DKP). The analytical stationary solutions of the DKP equation are numerically analyzed, and the effect of various dusty plasma parameters on DAWs wave propagation is taken into account. We obtained, blast, anti-kink, periodic cnoidal and cnoidal waves. It is well known that explosive waves are a double edged sword. They can be seen, for example, in the atmosphere, or in engineering applications in metal coating.
Characteristics of nanopores in terrestrial low-maturity shale based on organic-inorganic interactions: A case study on the Shahejie Formation shale in the southern Bohai Bay Basin, Eastern China
Authors: Deliang Fu , Lina Sun , Guosheng Xu , Haoran Liang , Chen Zhang , Kefei Chen , Tao Tian , Fu Yang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this study, the influence of organic matter and inorganic matter on the pore structure of the Shahejie Formation (E2-3S) shale in the Bohai Bay Basin, was analysed. The pore characteristics, including the BET surface area, BJH adsorption cumulative volume and average pore diameter of the original samples, extracted samples, H2O2-treated samples and kerogen samples, were analysed with low-pressure N2 adsorption experiment. The study showed that the soluble organic matter in low-maturity shale blocked a certain number of pores, which mainly had pore sizes below 5 nm. The solid organic matter mainly formed pore diameters of 1-2 nm and pore diameters larger than 10 nm. A large amount inorganic pore diameter in the ranges of less than 0.8 nm, 1-2 nm, and 2.3-20 nm was blocked by solid organic matter. The micropores formed by minerals were much more abundant than those formed by organic matter in the terrestrial low-maturity shale. The symbiotic relationship between the minerals and the organic matter led to a decrease in the specific surface area and pore volume of the terrestrial low-maturity shale.
Sustainability Group Status Analysis and The Role of Institution of Farmer Groups on The Income of Group Members
Authors: Sulaksana J , Dwirayani D 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This research was conducted to find out how good institutional management and the benefits felt by members by joining farmer groups. The method used in this research is mix method and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that (1) the group had good institutional strength based on the process of group formation; (2) The group has a high institutional sustainability status which shows that the institutional management in the group has run well; (3) There are some factors that have influence to the group sustainability, namely member motivation, group leadership, knowledge of member, access to information, role of village apparatus, and role of member. The most influencer is access to information; (4)The group has a role in helping to solve farming problems, easy access to information, markets, technology and capital as well as resource efficiency and (5) Revenues received by the group in 2019 amounting to Rp. 785,497.5 / 100 kg of input with an R / C ratio of 1, 85 which means the coffee processing business is profitable and can continue to run.