bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EXAMINING THE DYNAMIC PROCESS LINKING PERSONALITY, HEALTH BEHAVIORS AND STRESS, AND HEALTH OUTCOMES
Authors: Luo Jing , Zhang Bo , Yoneda Tomiko , Graham Eileen , Mroczek Daniel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Personality has been found to contribute to individual differences in health and aging. In search of the underlying mechanisms, health behavior and stress have been shown to play roles in the personality-health association. However, given the evidence that personality traits are dynamic within individuals, it remains unclear how the dynamic intraindividual connections between personality and health behavior engagement and stress experiences contribute to interindividual differences in health and health change over time. Using 10-wave data from the Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences (N = 3,421), the current study examined the effects of the intraindividual interplays between changes in personality and changes in health behaviors and stress on individual differences in different health outcomes and changes in health outcomes. Adopting multilevel structural equation modeling, the results suggested that after controlling personality at the interindividual level, the dynamic intraindividual interplays between extraversion, openness and smoking at each time point still displayed significant effects on interindividual differences in smoking, which in turn significantly contributed to interindividual differences in self-rated health and symptom complains in the last wave and changes in general disease level and cardiovascular diseases over time. Meanwhile, the dynamic intraindividual interplays between extraversion, conscientiousness and perceived stress were significantly related interindividual differences in perceived stress, which were significantly linked to interindividual differences in the levels of and changes in all health outcomes. The current findings enhance our understanding of how the dynamic intraindividual connections between personality and people’s behaviors and experiences may inform interindividual differences in health during aging.
LIFE SATISFACTION MODERATES LIFESPAN DECLINES IN STRESS REACTIVITY
Authors: Chopik William 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Positive psychological well-being is often conceptualized as a protective factor for maintaining health across the lifespan. But why does psychological well-being confer such benefits? One potential possibility is that it shapes how we respond to stressors on a daily basis. However, much of existing research on this topic will examine these associations in the context of short-term experience sampling studies. Although useful in linking well-being to how we perceive and experience stress, this research can be limited in that it rarely tests prospective effects of well-being on stress reactivity over longer intervals. In the current study, I examined changes in stress reactivity across three waves of the National Study of Daily Experiences from approximately 1996 to 2017 (N = 1,500; Mage = 46.74; 54.1% women; 91.7% white) as a function of life satisfaction at wave 1. Employing three-level multi-level models, I reproduced recent research showing stress reactivity declines across life (b = -.02, p &lt;.001); life satisfaction predicts lower stress reactivity both overall (b = -.04, p &lt;.001) and in the context of a higher number of average (b = -.04, p &lt;.001) and daily stressors (b = -.02, p &lt;.001). Integrating repeated measures of life satisfaction and stress reactivity in the context of a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model suggested that reduced stress reactivity might lead to increases in life satisfaction across life. The results will be discussed in the context of how daily processes might “trickle up” to cultivate variation in global reports of well-being.
DAILY AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES AND NEEDS IN OLDER AGES: A MIXED METHODS STUDY
Authors: Cruz Michelle , Chu Li , Gonzalez Laura Paola Gomezjurado , Zhang Ruohan , Wu Jiajun , Fei-Fei Li , Carstensen Laura 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Modern societies face two trends that are seemingly unrelated yet concurrently impacting our lives: population aging and technological advancements. Both trends are happening rapidly in today’s society, and in combination raise an important question: How can we guide future technologies and their deliveries to better suit older adults’ needs so older adults are not “left behind” in the fast-changing cultural shifts due to technological advancements? A growing body of literature captures technological needs and problems among older adults. Yet, many of these studies used relatively small sample sizes consisting of relatively young older adults who are homogeneous in terms of race and ethnicity to represent all older adults. The present study utilizes a mixed methods design to ensure qualitative findings are generalizable. We recruited a racially diverse sample of Asian, Black/African, Hispanic, and White community-dwelling older adults over the age of 75 from the San Francisco Bay Area to form eight focus groups. Participants freely discussed their daily challenges and needs, and how technology may meet these needs. With manual coding and natural language processing techniques, we identified close to 30 areas where technologies may contribute to daily life. Findings from the qualitative sessions and a follow-up survey will be presented. Our findings have the potential to inform service providers, government, technologists, and entrepreneurs how they can better support older adults who are independent living but have started to observe difficulties.
CAN INTERMITTENT FASTING SLOW PRIMARY AND SECONDARY AGING IN HUMANS?
Authors: Peterson Courtney 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Calorie restriction slows primary and secondary aging and increases lifespan in multiple animal species. However, recent evidence suggests that calorie restriction extends lifespan largely via extended fasting periods rather than energy restriction per se. The practice of periodically extending the fasting period is known as intermittent fasting. Dozens of studies in animals suggest that intermittent fasting decreases body weight; reduces the incidence of and/or progression of several chronic diseases; and extends lifespan. In humans, there are a wide range of intermittent fasting approaches, including alternate-day fasting, alternate-day modified fasting, the 5:2 diet, the fasting-mimicking diet, and time-restricted eating (TRE). In this presentation, I will briefly review evidence showing that intermittent fasting extends lifespan in animals. I will then define and discuss the various forms of intermittent fasting studied in humans. I will cover what is known about the feasibility of different types of intermittent fasting and their effects on primary and secondary aging in humans. I will conclude with a deeper dive into the most popular form of intermittent fasting, TRE. I will discuss its effects on weight loss, cardiometabolic health, and primary and secondary aging in humans.
CAPABLE CARE PARTNER
Authors: Paone Deborah , Schuller Jeanne , Szanton Sarah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We created and tested a prototype of CAPABLE Care Partner as an enhancement to CAPABLE. We developed this through a three-phased approach over three years and incorporated care partners, older adults, clinicians, and administrators to design and test this enhancement using human-centered design principles. We created this to recognize the role and supportive actions of care partners and to provide some support for their needs as well as those of the older adult participant. We conducted a pilot in 2023 in three U.S. implementation sites--programs that had successfully offered CAPABLE for at least one year. Results from post-pilot assessments and 360 degree qualitative interviews showed positive effect on care partners, and provided real-world insights on how to incorporate a social support specialist into the program, so that the care partner and the older adult dyad connect to social support/community resources, attend to self-care, and are better positioned to address current and future needs to age in community.
SOCIAL INTEGRATION OF OLDER MEN AND WOMEN ACROSS EUROPEAN WELFARE STATES: ESTABLISHING A NEW COMPARATIVE INDEX
Authors: Brandt Martina , Levinsky Michal , Wagner Melanie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Social integration is a crucial factor for health and mortality in old age. However, despite the increasing attention in aging populations, there is currently no instrument available for comparing social integration of older adults across Europe. In this study, we aim to investigate a social integration index established by Berkman and colleagues across welfare regimes and gender in Europe, with a focus on family policy and gender roles. We utilize data from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) and conduct multivariate regression analysis to examine the interactions between gender and welfare regimes on social integration based on this index. Our findings suggest that women are less socially integrated than men, and that older adults in more ‘familialistic’ regimes tend to be less socially integrated. Moreover, care regimes are important for the gender gap in social integration. Women tend to be less integrated in family-oriented welfare systems, presumably due to their role as primary caregivers, which can limit their opportunities for social integration activities outside the home. This study contributes to the literature on social integration and highlights the importance of developing policies that promote social integration among individuals, particularly women, in different welfare systems.
STUDY DESIGN OF THE AGING AND COGNITIVE HEALTH EVALUATION IN ELDERS (ACHIEVE) TRIAL
Authors: Huang Alison 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This presentation describes the design, interventions, participants, and primary and exploratory outcomes of the Aging and Cognitive Health Evaluation in Elders (ACHIEVE) study. The ACHIEVE study is a multicenter, randomized controlled trial designed to test the effect of a best-practice hearing intervention vs. health education control on cognitive decline (primary outcome) and other exploratory health outcomes, such as physical activity and function, over 3 years. Participants were 977 community-dwelling adults aged 70-84 years with untreated hearing loss and without substantial cognitive impairment. The ACHIEVE study was partially nested within the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities [ARIC] study; participants were recruited from the ARIC study (n=238) and de novo (n=739) from the surrounding communities of four U.S. sites. Participants were randomized 1:1 to hearing intervention or health education control and followed for 3 years. The study’s primary outcome was cognitive decline; measures of physical activity (accelerometry-based and self-reported physical activity), fatigue, and physical function were collected as exploratory outcomes. Participants were median age 76.4 years, 53.5% female, 87.8% White, and 53.3% held a Bachelor’s degree or higher. Compared to the ARIC cohort, participants recruited de novo were younger, had fewer chronic conditions, higher cognitive function, and worse self-reported hearing-related quality of life at baseline. Differences in participant characteristics by recruitment source are important considerations in the interpretation of intervention effect. This presentation provides important background for contextualization of ACHIEVE study findings on physical activity and function presented in this symposium.
LIVING ALONE AND LIKELIHOOD OF HAVING HIGH DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Chang (Gudjonsson) Milan , Eymundsdottir Hrafnhildur , Sigurdardottir Sigurveig , Launer Lenore , Gudnason Vilmundur , Jonsson Palmi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Depression significantly impacts the overall well-being and quality of life in older adults, leading to reduced engagement in social and physical activities and an increased vulnerability to disability. Older individuals living alone may be more prone to have depressive feelings than those residing with a spouse or family members. This study aimed to investigate the association between living status and high depressive symptoms among Icelandic older adults.

Methods
The analytical sample comprised 4,492 participants with a mean age of 76.3 years, of which 2,564 were women (57.1%), drawn from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study. Participants with diagnosed dementia and clinical depression were excluded from the analysis. Living arrangements were categorized as living alone (n=1,650, 36.7%) or with others. High depressive symptomatology (HDS) was defined as a Geriatric Depression Scale-15 score of 6 or higher (n=236, 5.3%). Logistic regression analysis was performed, adjusting for age, gender, education, body size, diabetes, hypertension, cholesterol, physical activity, and leisure activity.

Results
After full adjustment, individuals living alone showed a significantly higher likelihood of experiencing HDS compared to those living with others (Beta = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.10 ~ 1.94, P &lt;= 0.01).

Conclusion
These findings emphasize the critical need to recognize potential mental health implications for older adults living alone, underscoring the imperative for targeted interventions and supportive healthcare systems. Addressing the unique challenges faced by solitary older adults is crucial for enhancing their mental well-being and overall quality of life.
NIGHTTIME AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AND SLEEP IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Baniassadi Amir , Yu Wanting , Travison Thomas , Lipsitz Lewis , Manor Brad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Sleep quality is a key contributor to overall health and wellbeing in older adults. While lab-based studies demonstrate that changes in ambient temperature influence sleep quality and duration, our understanding of these associations in older adults’ own home, where they have some degree of control over the temperature, is limited.

Aim
To examine the relationships between bedroom ambient temperature and outcomes related to sleep in community dwelling older adults.

Methods
In this longitudinal observational study, we monitored 50 older adults (average age=79 ±7.2y, 41 females) living in Boston, for 18 months. We used wearable sleep monitors and environmental sensors to measure sleep duration, and efficiency (ratio of time spent asleep to time spent in bed) along with bedroom temperature and humidity.

Results
Sleep was most efficient when the nighttime ambient temperature was between 20-24˚C, with a clinically relevant 5-10% drop in sleep efficiency when the temperature increased beyond this range by 5 ˚C. The associations were primarily nonlinear, with significant between-subject variations.

Discussion
Sleep disturbances and difficulties falling asleep are common in older adults, often without undiagnosed underlying conditions. Our study identifies bedroom temperature as a crucial regulator of sleep even within home where the individual can control the temperature. This highlights the potential impact of climate change on sleep in older adults, especially those of lower socioeconomic status. Furthermore, our findings suggest that optimizing bedroom temperature can enhance sleep quality in older adults and emphasize the importance of personalized temperature adjustments based on individual needs and circumstances.
TRAJECTORIES OF SOCIAL SUPPORT AMONG FAMILY CAREGIVERS: THE ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE
Authors: Lim-Soh Jeremy , Ping Yongjing , Quach Ha-Linh , Ang Shannon , Malhotra Rahul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Social support has been widely acknowledged as an important factor impacting family caregivers’ outcomes including burden and depression. However, research focused on social support as an independent factor, and how it changes over time, is limited. This study is the first to describe heterogeneous trajectories (patterns of change over time) in perceived social support among family caregivers of older adults. It also investigates if caregiver psychological resilience influences these trajectories. This study draws on a longitudinal survey of 278 Singaporean family caregivers of community-dwelling older adults aged 75 years and above with activities of daily living limitations. Caregivers were interviewed up to four times across two years. Perceived social support and psychological resilience were measured by Pearlin’s and Connor-Davidson’s scales respectively. We applied Group-Based Trajectory Modeling, an approach that is sensitive to within-population heterogeneity, to describe change over time in perceived social support. We modeled psychological resilience as a time-varying covariate in the model. Five distinct trajectories of perceived social support were identified, with three stable trajectories (91% of caregivers) and two declining trajectories (9%). Psychological resilience was positively associated with perceived social support only in the stable trajectories. While most family caregivers of older adults may experience stable perceived social support over time, a minority do report declining perceived social support. Further investigation is needed to understand the reasons for this decline and design effective interventions targeting this vulnerable group.
JOINT TRAJECTORIES OF CAREGIVING BURDEN AND BENEFITS AMONG FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Ping Yongjing , Lim-Soh Jeremy , Østbye Truls , Malhotra Rahul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Caregiving is often associated with burden, but it can also benefit family caregivers. While the two phenomena can co-exist, existing studies have largely considered the two separately. Studies considering the two together are mostly cross-sectional, even though caregiving is dynamic over time, requiring longitudinal study. It is also important to understand the heterogeneity in the joint (co-existing) trajectories (patterns over time) of caregiving burden and benefits as it can help identify family caregivers who are continuously vulnerable and determine modifiable factors linked with detrimental trajectories. We conducted group-based multi-trajectory modelling on longitudinal data – collected at four time-points, at six-to-twelve-month intervals – on burden (negative domains of modified Caregiver Reaction Assessment) and benefits (short Positive Aspects of Caregiving scale) from 274 family caregivers in Singapore. We identified four trajectory groups, each with distinct joint trajectories of burden and benefits – “balanced” (44.5%, least burden and relatively high benefits), “satisfied” (23.0%, second lowest burden and highest benefits), “dissatisfied” (19.0%, second highest burden and least benefits), and “intensive” (13.5%, highest burden and relatively high benefits). Relative to caregivers in the “balanced” group, those supported by trained migrant domestic workers were less likely to be in the other three groups and those more prepared for caregiving were more likely to be in the “satisfied” group. The findings highlight the heterogeneity in the caregiving experience over time and suggest that promoting migrant domestic worker training and family caregiver preparedness for caregiving may contribute to advantageous patterns of burden and benefits of caregiving over time.
HEALTH PRIORITIES IDENTIFICATION FOR INDIVIDUALS LIVING WITH DEMENTIA AND THEIR CAREGIVERS
Authors: Banks Jack , Blaum Caroline 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
“What matters” is the foundation for the Age-Friendly Health System Initiative and yet many clinicians have a difficult time addressing it with their patients. Patient Priorities Care (PPC) is an evidence-based approach that identifies health priorities by first eliciting health values of older adults with multiple chronic conditions, integrating values into health outcome goals, and describing the one-thing to focus on. Clinicians’ then consider patients’ conditions and current treatments to identify care options that align with the identified health priorities. Furthermore, care of persons living with dementia (PlwD) involves care partners, thus identifying what matters most to PlwD is dyadic in nature. Recent studies have examined dyadic decision-making using the PPC approach with PlwD and their care partners. This symposium will present results from three studies that use PPC across diverse cultural and clinical contexts and discuss the role of PPC to achieve better dementia care. The first presentation will describe how clinicians consider health priorities with dyads facing dementia and discuss how health priorities identification can help care partners become better decision makers for their family members with dementia and multimorbidity. The second presentation will describe the cultural adaptation process of the PPC approach for older Hispanics with multimorbidity and dementia. The third presentation will describe how PPC facilitates deprescribing among older adults with multimorbidity and dementia. The panel will provide suggestions on how to better identify health priorities with PlwD and their care partners and share resources to facilitate the adoption and implementation of PPC with these dyads.
PRIORITIES ALIGNED DEPRESCRIBING FOR PERSONS LIVING WITH DEMENTIA AND THEIR CARE PARTNERS
Authors: Naik Aanand 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
PlwD average 8 daily medications compared to 3 for persons without dementia. PlwD have high polypharmacy burden from anticholinergic and psychotropic medications. PlwD, their care partners and clinicians endure the workload of managing multiple medications, and want to decrease this burden. Thus, a shift that reduces polypharmacy, and focuses medication use on what matters most is needed. Deprescribing is an approach to reduce polypharmacy for PlwD. However, deprescribing studies for PlwD have a narrow scope. Few studies place deprescribing within ambulatory care contexts for patients with mild to moderate dementia. Appropriate deprescribing in dementia requires identifying health priorities. Deprescribing is most appropriate when guided by priorities of patients and care partners. Patient Priorities Care (PPC) is an evidence-based approach to health priorities aligned decision making. We found evidence that PPC facilitates deprescribing by identifying health priorities that are misaligned with current medications. When used in the care of PlwD and their care partners, PPC could facilitate deprescribing. Less is known about how PPC works in the triadic context of clinician, care partner, and PlwD. Care partners may have concerns about stopping medications considered inappropriate such meds help manage symptoms. Clinicians may focus on cognitive and functional harms of medications without considering tradeoffs of stopping medications. Without eliciting priorities, families and care partners of PlwD may make decisions to stop medication without communication with their clinicians. We recently completed a study using PPC to deprescribe unnecessary medications among PlwD. We will discuss our findings and the implications for future work.