bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the value of cesarean section diverticulum area to predict the safety of hysteroscopic management for cesarean scar pregnancy patients
Authors: Du Qinghua , Zhao Wancheng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo study indicators predicting the safety of hysteroscopic management for cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective study, starting from June 1, 2020. The study included 141 CSP patients who underwent hysteroscopic surgery and met the requirements of gestational age ≤12 weeks, stable vital signs, and preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Patients were divided into control group and testing group according to surgical outcomes. Preoperative indicators were compared between the two groups, including a novel indicator, cesarean section diverticulum (CSD) area.ResultsUnivariate analysis identified five statistically significant (P < 0.05) factors associated with hysteroscopy failure including a large CSD area. Multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that the only statistically significant indicator of all five factors was the CSD area. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of CSD area was 0.848. Next, we determined three cut‐off values for CSD area that can be used to predict the outcome of surgery: 138, 189, and 300 mm2.ConclusionFor the first time, we found that CSD area could predict the safety of hysteroscopic management for CSP patients and might be helpful for clinical decision making. The findings need to be verified by further research.
Surgical management of pelvic organ prolapse in a high‐volume resource‐limited setting
Authors: Ntakwinja Mukanire , Borazjani Ali , Vodusek Ziga , Tambwe Albert Mwembo , Mukwege Denis 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the care pathway of patients with pelvic organ prolapse in a high‐volume resource‐limited setting and characterize patients undergoing surgery.MethodsThe patient care pathway at a large referral hospital in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo was determined through interviews with key personnel. Patients with apical prolapse (with or without anterior/posterior prolapse) who underwent surgery between January and December 2018 were included. Demographics and outcomes were characterized. Data were presented as means (standard deviation [SD]), medians (interquartile range), or number (percentages).ResultsA holistic care model was described. During the study period, 772 patients underwent prolapse repairs, 235 met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 55 (±14) years, and 75% (176/235) were postmenopausal. Median parity was 7 (5–9). A majority (56%, 131/233) had body mass index <18.5 (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters). Most were farmers (77%, 182/235) and had no formal education (76%, 178/235). Postmenopausal patients underwent hysterectomy, whereas premenopausal patients were treated with uterine‐preserving techniques. Most repairs were performed vaginally (96%, 225/235), and 40% (94/234) had concurrent multicompartment repairs. Most common complications were hemorrhage (4%, 9/235, intraoperative) and urinary tract infection (5%, 11/235, postoperative).ConclusionHigh‐volume surgical services for treating prolapse can be integrated into existing healthcare delivery models. Our demographic of patients differs from studies in high‐income countries. The degree to which these studies can be generalized to patients in settings similar to ours represents an opportunity for further research.
Maternal sleep duration and neonate birth weight: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Marinelli Marcella , Carsin Anne‐Elie , Turner Michelle C , Fernández‐Somoano Ana , Rodriguez‐Dehli Ana Cristina , Basterrechea Mikel , Santa‐Marina Loreto , Iñiguez Carmen , Lopez‐Espinosa Maria‐Jose , Sunyer Jordi , Julvez Jordi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between maternal sleep duration (an important health indicator) and neonate birth weight.MethodsThe study included 2536 mother‐neonate pairs of a Spanish birth cohort (2004–2006, INMA project). The exposures were questionnaire‐based measures of sleep duration before and during pregnancy. The primary outcome was neonate birth weight score (g) standardized to 40 weeks of gestation.ResultsIn women sleeping for <7 h/day before pregnancy, each additional hour of sleep increased birth weight score by 44.7 g (P = 0.049) in the minimally adjusted model, although findings were not statistically significant after considering other potential confounders (P > 0.05). However, increasing sleep duration for the group of mothers who slept for more than 9 h/day decreased birth weight score by 39.2 g per additional hour (P = 0.001). Findings were similar after adjusting for several sociodemographic confounders and maternal depression‐anxiety clinical history as an intermediate factor. Similar but attenuated associations were observed with sleep duration in the second trimester of pregnancy.ConclusionThe relationship between maternal sleep duration before and during pregnancy and neonate birth weight is an inverse U‐shaped curve. Excessive sleep duration may adversely affect neonate health through its impact on birth weight.
Optimization of extracellular matrix production from human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived fibroblasts for scaffold fabrication for application in wound healing
Authors: Marinkovic Milica , Sridharan Rukmani , Santarella Francesco , Smith Avi , Garlick Jonathan A. , Kearney Cathal J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractExtracellular matrix is a key component of all tissues, including skin and it plays a crucial role in the complex events of wound healing. These events are impaired in chronic wounds, with chronic inflammation and infection often present in these non‐healing wounds. Many tissue engineering approaches for wound healing provide a scaffold to mimic the native matrix. Fibroblasts derived from iPS cells (iPSF) represent a novel source of matrix rich in pro‐regenerative components, which can be used for scaffold fabrication to improve wound healing. However, in vitro production of matrix by cells for scaffold fabrication requires long cell culturing times which increases cost. The aim of this work is to optimize the iPSF matrix production by boosting matrix deposition, without affecting its composition. A good candidate technique to achieve this goal is macromolecular crowding, which is known to promote conversion of procollagen into mature collagen and its accumulation. We tested two molecular crowders, Ficoll and Carrageenan—in combination with ascorbic acid—over a prolonged period of time. Ficoll in combination with ascorbic acid notably increased collagen deposition and matrix dry weight compared to ascorbic acid alone, and did not affect matrix composition as measured by RT‐PCR. Interestingly, Carrageenan did not affect collagen quantity, but it significantly increased glycosaminoglycan deposition. Finally, we successfully fabricated scaffolds from harvested matrix and confirmed their ability for cell growth and viability. This work lays the foundation for development of a time and cost effective protocol for novel iPSF ECM production for tissue engineering scaffolds.
Antiosteoporosis effect of geraniin on ovariectomy‐induced osteoporosis in experimental rats
Authors: Wang Xiuhui , Wang Minghui , Cui Xu , Li Zhuokai , Guo Shengyang , Gao Feng , Ma Ming , Wang Zhe 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOsteoporosis is a skeletal condition that is characterized by decreasing bone density and deteriorating bone mass. The plant‐based phytoconstituent such as geraniin possesses better therapeutic potentials in biomedical field. In the current experimental study, we planned to scrutinize the therapeutic potential of geraniin against ovariectomy (OVX)‐induced osteoporosis in rats and find the possible mechanism. Healthy Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into six groups and subjected to geraniin and alendronate (ALN) treatment for 10 weeks. Body weight, uterus, femur weight, bone biochemical, bone turnover markers, inflammatory cytokine, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D (Vit D), urine, hormones, and antioxidant level were estimated. Geraniin significantly (p < .001) reduced the level of bone turnover markers including beta‐CrossLaps (β‐CTx), ALN, osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and bone Gla protein (BGP); reduced the biomechanical parameters including maximum load, energy, stiffness, maximum stress, and Young's modulus; reduced the level of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P); and increased the level of vitamin D (Vit D) as compared with OVX‐induced osteoporosis rats. Geraniin increased the level of bone structure parameters, namely bone mineral density, bone mineral content, tissue mineral density, bone volume fraction, and trabecular number; increased the level of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and OPG/RANKL; and reduced the level of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐Β ligand (RANKL). Geraniin significantly (p < .001) increased the level of glutathione (GSH) and reduced the level of malonaldehyde (MDA) in the liver, intestine, and bone of OVX‐induced osteoporosis rats. Geraniin significantly (p < .001) decreased the level of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) pro‐inflammatory cytokines. We also argue that geraniin could be an excellent candidate to treat and control bone‐related disease or disorders.
Exploring racial and ethnic minority individuals’ journey to becoming genetic counselors: Mapping paths to diversifying the genetic counseling profession
Authors: Alvarado‐Wing Tatiana E. , Marshall Jennifer , Best Alicia , Gomez Joanne , Cragun Deborah 
Published: March 2021

AbstractReasons for limited ethnic and racial diversity among genetic counselors in the United States may be elucidated through better understanding the experiences of individuals from racial/ethnic minority backgrounds who are enrolled in genetic counseling graduate programs as well as recent graduates. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with racial/ethnic minority participants using Journey Mapping to elicit touchpoints that positively or negatively impact success at varying points along the path to becoming genetic counselors. Negative impacts observed at various touchpoints included the following: late awareness of the profession; observing lack of diversity in the field; financial burden of the application process; and microaggressions from peers, program leadership, and clinical supervisors. Positive impacts observed at various touchpoints included the following: group or personal mentors; opportunities to interact with practicing genetic counselors; opportunities to perform ‘mock’ admissions interviews; program interviews with a conversational interview style; and attending programs in cities with racially/ethnically diverse patient populations. Findings from this research suggest the lack of adequate infrastructure necessary to recruit and support racial/ethnic minority students is a critical systemic issue impeding progress toward diversifying the genetic counseling field. As such, this study reinforces the need for development, adaptation, and implementation of evidence‐based strategies to optimize experiences of racial and ethnic minority individuals throughout the entire process of becoming a genetic counselor.
Epidemiology of Chikungunya virus isolates 2016–2018 in Pakistan
Authors: Badar Nazish , Ikram Aamer , Salman Muhammad , Alam Muhammad Masroor , Umair Massab , Arshad Yasir , Mushtaq Nighat , Mirza Hamza Ahmad , Ahad Abdul , Yasin Muhammad Talha , Qazi Javaria 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito‐transmitted alphavirus, which has infected millions of people in Africa, Asia, Americas, and Europe since it remerged in India and Indian Ocean regions in 2005–2006. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity and evolutionary changes in CHIKV from 2016 to 2018 in Pakistan. Blood specimens were collected and processed following the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Trioplex Protocol. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of complete coding sequence of representative isolates from the CHIKV outbreak was carried out during December 2016 to July 2018, a total of 1549 samples were received, out of which 50% (n = 774) were found positive for CHIKV RNA. Mean age of chikungunya positive patients was 31.8 ± 15.7 years and most affected were between 21 and 40 years of age. The Pakistan CHIKV strains clustered with the Indian Ocean sublineage of East/Central/South African with cocirculation of some variants In the structural proteins region, two noteworthy changes (A226V and D284E) were observed in the membrane fusion glycoprotein E1. Key substitutions in the neutralizing epitopes site and a few changes indicative of adaptive to other insect cells were also detected in Pakistani strains. This study provides the emerging trend of CHIKV in the country for early identification of potential variants of high virulence and preventive measures for vector borne disease especially in the endemic areas.
Regional downscaled future change of clear‐air turbulence over East Asia under RCP8.5 scenario within the CORDEX‐EA‐II project
Authors: Hu Boyan , Tang Jianping , Ding Jinfeng , Liu Gang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDriven by four global coupled atmosphere–ocean models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) ensemble (CNRM‐CM5, GFDL‐ESM2M, EC‐EARTH, and MPI‐ESM‐LR), future changes (2040–2059) of clear‐air turbulence (CAT) in winter over East Asia under Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) scenario are projected with the regional climate model (RCM) RegCM4 and 18 CAT diagnostics based on the second phase of Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment East Asia (CORDEX‐EA‐II) framework. Evaluation of RegCM4 with ERA‐Interim shows that RegCM4 and diagnostics can well reproduce the spatial distribution of CAT potential. The probability of CAT potential is expected to increase over most East Asia between 35°N and 50°N, Southeast China, western Pacific, and North India in the future. The CAT potential that significantly affects aviation safety shows a remarkable increase over North and Northeast China, part of East China, and Tibet‐Plateau. In the whole domain of East Asia, the multi‐diagnostics ensemble‐average frequency increase is 6.9% for light CAT (with an intra‐ensemble range of 4.1–18%), 9.1% (5.0–24%) for light‐to‐moderate CAT, 12% (5.9–26%) for moderate CAT, 13% (7.2–29%) for moderate‐to‐severe CAT, and 15% (8.5–33%) for severe CAT. Stronger CAT is more likely to happen, which would be a constant threat, although greater scatter exists among these diagnostics, which implies the uncertainties are also significant in the projection.
Raman spectroscopic investigation of zircon in gem‐quality sapphire: Application in origin determination
Authors: Xu Wenxing , Krzemnicki Michael S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, zircon inclusions in selected 115 unheated sapphires originating from metamorphic deposits were studied by confocal micro‐Raman spectroscopy. By comparing Raman features of zircon inclusions in gem‐quality sapphires from Myanmar, India (Kashmir), Sri Lanka, and Madagascar, it could be established that those of younger age (sapphires from Myanmar and India [Kashmir]) contain zircon inclusion which exhibit relatively low ʋ1 and ʋ3 band positions and also smaller FWHM (ʋ3) than those in the older sapphires from Sri Lanka and Madagascar. Binary plotting of ʋ1 versus ʋ3 frequencies (Figure 3) and ʋ3 wavenumber versus FWHM of the studied zircon inclusions provide a method to distinguish young sapphires formed during Alpine‐Himalayan orogeny (Kashmir, Myanmar) from those related to the Pan‐African orogeny (Sri Lanka, Madagascar). This study shows the potential of the non‐destructive method on zircon inclusions in sapphires to be used to distinguish their origin as a service to the commercial gem trade.
Preoperative nomogram to predict posthepatectomy liver failure
Authors: Dhir Mashaal , Samson Kaeli K. , Yepuri Natesh , Yanala Ujwal R. , Smith Lynette M. , Are Chandrakanth 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPosthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, it is often difficult to predict the risk of PHLF in an individual patient. We aimed to develop a preoperative nomogram to predict PHLF and allow better risk stratification before surgery.MethodsData for patients undergoing a partial or major hepatectomy were extracted from the hepatectomy‐specific NSQIP database for years 2014–2016. Data set from 2017 was used for validation. Patients with Grade B/C liver failure were compared with patients with no liver failure.ResultsA total of 10 808 patients from 2014–2016 data set were included. Of these, 316 patients (2.9%) developed Grade B/C PHLF. In the multivariable model consisting of preoperative variables, the following were predictive of Grade B/C PHLF (all p < 0.05): male gender, biliary stent, neoadjuvant therapy, viral hepatitis B or C, concurrent resections, biliary reconstruction, low sodium, and low albumin (model c statistic‐0.78). This model was used to construct a nomogram. In the 2017 validation cohort of 4367 patients the nomogram again demonstrated good c‐statistic (0.78).ConclusionsOur nomogram provides patient‐specific probabilities for PHLF, and is easy to use. This is a valuable tool that can be utilized for preoperative patient counseling and selection.
Saccade, Pupil, and Blink Responses in Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
Authors: Perkins Julia E. , Janzen Annette , Bernhard Felix P. , Wilhelm Karén , Brien Donald C. , Huang Jeff , Coe Brian C. , Vadasz David , Mayer Geert , Munoz Douglas P. , Oertel Wolfgang H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) patients exhibit deficits in saccade performance, pupil function, and blink rate. Isolated REM (rapid eye movement) Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a harbinger to PD making them candidates to investigate for early oculomotor abnormalities as PD biomarkers.ObjectivesWe tested whether saccade, pupillary, and blink responses in RBD were similar to PD.MethodsRBD (n = 22), PD (n = 22) patients, and healthy controls (CTRL) (n = 74) were studied with video‐based eye‐tracking.ResultsRBD patients did not have significantly different saccadic behavior compared to CTRL, but PD patients differed from CTRL and RBD. Both patient groups had significantly lower blink rates, dampened pupil constriction, and dilation responses compared to CTRL.ConclusionRBD and PD patients had altered pupil and blink behavior compared to CTRL. Because RBD saccade parameters were comparable to CTRL, pupil and blink brain areas may be impacted before saccadic control areas, making them potential prodromal PD biomarkers. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
An edge scanning method for the continuous deviation‐flow refueling station location problem on a general network
Authors: Abbaas Omar , Ventura Jose A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study addresses the continuous deviation‐flow refueling station location problem on a general network. Instead of having a finite number of candidate locations, we consider any point in the network as a candidate location. In addition, vehicles are allowed to deviate from their prescribed (shortest) paths to refuel. At the beginning, we focus on the location of a single refueling facility, which is a relevant problem in the initial stages of development of a refueling infrastructure for alternative fuels in a transportation network. The objective is to maximize the traffic flow covered (in roundtrips per time unit). We propose an exact algorithm that determines the endpoints of all refueling segments on each edge of the network that cover the corresponding origin–destination flows. Then, the set with the best endpoints is shown to be optimal and can be used to determine the entire set of optimal locations. Network reduction rules and a network decomposition procedure are also discussed to reduce the size of the problem and improve the computational efficiency. Later, the entire set of endpoints is used in a set covering model to locate multiple refueling stations under the assumption that every vehicle only needs to refuel once on each way of the round trip. Moreover, we limit the allowed refueling deviation distance from the shortest path. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the proposed methodology.
Nurses’ competency in Saudi Arabian healthcare context: A cross‐sectional correlational study
Authors: Feliciano Evelyn E. , Feliciano Alfredo Z. , Maniago Jestoni D. , Gonzales Ferdinand , Santos Adelina M. , Albougami Abdulrhman , Ahmad Mehrunnisha , Al‐Olah Hadeel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTo measure the competence and characteristics of nurses in Saudi Arabia delivering health care with significant correlations.DesignA cross‐sectional correlational study.MethodsData were collected in 2019 using a standardized questionnaire, Competency Inventory for Registered Nurses (CIRN), that included a purposive sample of 621 nurses working in Saudi Arabia.ResultsA positive evaluation of nurses’ overall core competency components is recognizably measured with greater competency levels in their workplace, scoring highest in “legal/ethical practice” while “critical thinking and research aptitude” represented the lowest dimension. Nurses’ marital status, years of graduation, length of service, duty hours and nurse–patient ratio affect their competency level. Nurses’ competence and their sociodemographic characteristics are significantly correlated attributes. Medical ward nurses are likely to have the greatest competence in delivering safe nursing care within training's legal borders.
Urban renewal as policy innovation in China: From growth stimulation to sustainable development
Authors: Ye Lin , Peng Xiangeng , Aniche Laura Quadros , Scholten Peter H. T. , Ensenado Elena Marie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA major policy innovation in China, urban renewal creates an opportunity to promote sustainable inner‐city development and to foster economic growth in an environmentally and culturally sound way, which demands a close investigation of its context, internal and external dynamics, and policy features. Property‐led redevelopment dominated China's urban renewal since the early 1990s, as a result of the market reform and political decentralization. Recently, it has become important to meet the interests of local communities and the diverse stakeholders in the effort to preserve the urban history and cultural fabric of cities. Contextual factors in urban renewal policy and its innovation are investigated by analyzing a pioneering case in Guangzhou from a longitudinal study approach. The impact of the structural‐instrumental, cultural‐institutional, and environmental perspective on policy innovation with the change of contextual factors that transformed the development ideology and the managerial practice are identified to provide a new angle of studying policy innovation in the urban field.
Simulation of the Air Bubble Temperature in the Firing Projectile
Authors: Bagheri Sina , Tavangar Saeed , Soury Hosein , Shariati Seyyed Hadi Motamed 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIt is important to know the process of hot spot creation to improve the safety of working with melted TNT. One of the probabilities is the air bubbles in TNT that melted during the firing and internal ballistics, which are the results of casting problems. Thus, in this paper, the accuracy of this probability was studied. Melted TNT is a highly viscous fluid, so in this study by improving the numerical code, the effects of the temperature‐dependent physical properties have been seen in the calculations. The results show that the viscosity work makes the bubble heated and rises, its temperature in comparison with the fluid environment. But the variations are a maximum of 4 °K. Therefore, it seems that the studied factors in this paper can′t be the reason for melted TNT undesirable ignition.