bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left Ventricular Concentric Geometric Patterns Are Associated With Worse Prognosis Among Patients With Type‐A Aortic Dissection
Authors: Rocha Walter E. M. , Oliveira Matheus F. R. A. , Soares Julia D. , L'Armée Victor M. F. S. , Martins Mayara P. G. , Rocha Aloísio M. , Feitosa Audes D. M. , Lima Ricardo C. , Oliveira Pedro P. M. , Silveira‐Filho Lindemberg M. , Coelho‐Filho Otavio R. , Matos‐Souza José R. , Petrucci Orlando , Sposito Andrei C. , Nadruz Wilson 
Published: February 2021

Background
This study compared left ventricular (LV) characteristics between patients with type‐A and type‐B aortic dissection (AD) and evaluated the ability of LV remodeling phenotypes (hypertrophy, concentricity, or geometric patterns) to predict mortality in both AD types.

Methods and Results

We evaluated 236 patients with type A and 120 patients with type B who had echocardiograms within 60 days before or after AD diagnosis (median [25th, 75th percentiles] time difference between echocardiogram and AD diagnosis=1 [0, 6] days) from 3 centers. Patients were stratified according to LV phenotypes, and early (90‐day) and late (1‐year) mortality after AD diagnosis were assessed. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, patients with type A had higher and lower odds of concentric and eccentric hypertrophy (odds ratio [OR], 2.56; 95% CI, 1.50–4.36;
P
<0.001; and OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.31–0.97;
P
=0.039, respectively) than those with type B. Results of multivariable Cox‐regression analysis showed that LV remodeling phenotypes were not related to mortality in patients with type B. By contrast, LV concentricity was associated with greater early and late mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 2.22; 95% CI, 1.24–3.96;
P
=0.007 and HR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.20–3.54;
P
=0.009, respectively) in type A. In further analysis considering normal LV geometry as reference, LV concentric remodeling and concentric hypertrophy were associated with early mortality (HR, 7.78; 95% CI, 2.35–25.78;
P
<0.001 and HR, 4.38; 95% CI, 1.47–13.11;
P
=0.008, respectively), whereas concentric remodeling was associated with late mortality (HR, 5.40; 95% CI, 1.91–15.26;
P
<0.001) among patients with type A. Assessment of LV geometric patterns and concentricity provided incremental prognostic value in predicting early and late mortality beyond clinical variables in patients with type A based on net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement.

Conclusions
LV geometric patterns derived from LV concentricity were associated with greater mortality among patients with type A and may be markers of adverse prognosis in this population.
Perceived Discrimination and Hypertension Risk Among Participants in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Forde Allana T. , Lewis Tené T. , Kershaw Kiarri N. , Bellamy Scarlett L. , Diez Roux Ana V. 
Published: February 2021

Background
Black Americans have a higher risk of hypertension compared with White Americans. Perceived discrimination is a plausible explanation for these health disparities. Few studies have examined the impact of perceived discrimination on the incidence of hypertension among a racially diverse sample. Our study examined associations of everyday and lifetime discrimination with incidence of hypertension and whether these associations varied by sex, discrimination attribution, and racial residential segregation.

Methods and Results
The study included 3297 Black, Hispanic, Chinese, and White participants aged 45 to 84 years from the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis who were without hypertension at exam 1 (2000–2002) and who completed at least 1 of 5 follow‐up exams (2002–2018). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate associations of perceived discrimination with incident hypertension. Over the follow‐up period, 49% (n=1625) of participants developed hypertension. After adjustment for age, sex, socioeconomic status, hypertension risk factors, and study site, Black participants reporting any lifetime discrimination (compared with none) were more likely to develop hypertension (hazard ratio [HR], 1.35; 95% CI, 1.07–1.69). In fully adjusted models, everyday discrimination (high versus low) was associated with a lower risk for hypertension among Hispanic participants (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55–0.98). Statistically significant interactions of perceived discrimination (everyday and lifetime) with sex, discrimination attribution, and racial residential segregation were not observed.

Conclusions
This study suggests that lifetime, but not everyday discrimination is associated with incident hypertension in Black Americans.
Portable Neuromonitoring Device Detects Large Vessel Occlusion in Suspected Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Sergot Paulina B. , Maza Andrew J. , Derrick Bruce J. , Smith Lane M. , Berti Liam T. , Wilcox Madeleine R. , Kesinger Matthew R. , Peacock W. Frank , Fontenette Roderick W. , Parker-Cote Jennifer L. , Knapp Barry J. , Feronti Charles J. , Herres Joseph P. , Kelly John J. , Wang Henry E. , Ottman Misty , Nishijima Daniel K. , Shah Shreyansh , Bouffler Andrew S. , Counselman Francis L. 
Published: February 2021

Background and Purpose:
Early detection of large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke optimizes endovascular therapy and improves outcomes. Clinical stroke severity scales used for LVO identification have variable accuracy. We investigated a portable LVO-detection device (PLD), using electroencephalography and somatosensory-evoked potentials, to identify LVO stroke.

Methods:
We obtained PLD data in suspected patients with stroke enrolled prospectively via a convenience sample in 8 emergency departments within 24 hours of symptom onset. LVO discriminative signals were integrated into a binary classifier. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was documented, and 4 prehospital stroke scales were retrospectively calculated. We compared PLD and scale performance to diagnostic neuroimaging.

Results:

Of 109 patients, there were 25 LVO (23%), 38 non-LVO ischemic (35%), 14 hemorrhages (13%), and 32 stroke mimics (29%). The PLD had higher sensitivity (80% [95% CI, 74–85]) and similar specificity (80% [95% CI, 77–83]) to all prehospital scales at their predetermined high probability LVO thresholds. The PLD had high discrimination for LVO (
C
-statistic=0.88).

Conclusions:
The PLD identifies LVO with superior accuracy compared with prehospital stroke scales in emergency department suspected stroke. Future studies need to validate the PLD’s potential as an LVO triage aid in prehospital undifferentiated stroke populations.
Unregistered Children: a Systematic Literature Review of Explanations and Consequences Associated with Failure to Fulfil Children’s Right to Registration
Authors: Huseby-Lie Iselin , Sørvig Øystein Sivertsen , Dybdahl Ragnhild 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study aims systematically to review the knowledge base of the factors associated with missing birth records in sub-Saharan Africa in terms of both possible explanations and possible consequences. Although all children have the right to be registered, millions of children worldwide remain unregistered or lack birth certificates. The results of this study indicate that the main explanations in the research field for why children are not registered are low education among parents, belonging to a family that lives in a rural area, and weaknesses in the system of registration. Although this study finds insufficient empirical research on the consequences of children being unregistered, the main consequences include limited opportunities for community development, limited access to education, and limited access to health care. This study discusses the findings and their implications from a human rights perspective and suggests possible interventions to bring about change.
The Political Was Personal: Shifting Images of 76 Korean pow s Who Went to Neutral Nations
Authors: Byung Joon Jung 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Under the terms of the Korean War armistice, prisoners of war (pow s) could reject repatriation. The vast majority of non-repatriates went to either of the Koreas, China, or Taiwan. But a small group consisting of 76 Korean and twelve Chinese pow s exercised their option to go to neutral nations instead. This article examines how South Korean discourse about these outlier pow s shifted over the decades. An early assumption was that they had made a principled, ideological decision to reject both blocs of a global Cold War. But their choice of neutral countries was a more personal than ideological one. Their anti-communism appeared muted, since they also eschewed the other side. This interpretation contained little direct knowledge of the pow s themselves; it owed more to how the South Korean public saw the war that devastated their peninsula. There also was the influence of “The Square” in the Korean intellectual society and the mass media in their understanding of these Korean prisoners. After the collapse of the Soviet bloc, South Koreans became more confident about the rivalry with North Korea. This led to a reengagement with the memory of the pow s who had spurned both Koreas, making rejection of Communist North Korea more convincing and their refusal to remain in South Korea was less problematic.
Characterization and comparison of the wood anatomical traits of plantation grown Quercus acutissima and Quercus variabilis
Authors: Wang Jie , Li Shan , Guo Juan , Ren Haiqing , Wang Yurong , Zhang Yonggang , Yin Yafang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Oaks are important tree species, providing essential biomaterial for the wood industry. We characterize and compare wood anatomical traits of plantation grown Quercus acutissima Carruth. and Q. variabilis Blume to provide more detailed information to understand xylem radial growth, structure, and function, as well as differences between sapwood and heartwood, to provide data relevant for tree breeding and value-added wood utilization of oak plantations in China. In this study, radial strips were collected at breast height from the main trunk of the two species. Latewood percentage and growth ring width were investigated by X-ray densitometry and a Tree Ring Analysis System, respectively. Vessel and fibre lumen diameter, vessel and fibre wall thickness, vessel density, fibre wall thickness/diameter ratio, tissue proportions, and pit membrane thickness in between vasicentric tracheids were observed with light microscopy and electron microscopy and quantified. There were significant differences in a few wood anatomical traits between the two species: vessel wall thickness and vessel lumen diameter were higher in Q. acutissima than in Q. variabilis, while higher axial parenchyma proportion in sapwood was found in Q. variabilis than in Q. acutissima. More abundant tyloses were found in heartwood than in sapwood of both species. Our work showed the intraspecific and interspecific variation of the two species. Most differences between sapwood and heartwood must be attributed to differences in cambial age during their formation.
Balloon anchoring to traverse the sigmoid sinus for delivery of large-caliber venous stents: A technical note
Authors: Murakami Tomoaki , Toyota Shingo , Suematsu Takuya , Wada Yuki , Nakagawa Kanji , Shimizu Takeshi , Mori Kanji , Taki Takuyu 
Published: February 2021

Background In the reconstruction of the superior sagittal sinus or transverse sinus, it is desirable to place a large-diameter guiding catheter into the transverse sinus to introduce the stent delivery system smoothly. The utility of an anchoring technique with a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) balloon for navigating an 8 F guiding catheter into the transverse sinus is demonstrated. Case Descriptions: Two dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) cases (Cognard type II a +b, Borden type II) that underwent sinus stenting are presented. In both cases, when the 8 F guiding catheter was placed in the jugular vein, the stent delivery system could not enter the transverse sinus because it could not pass through the transverse-sigmoid sinus junction. Introduction of an 8 F guiding catheter into the transverse sinus was attempted but failed. An 8-mm or 9-mm PTA balloon was used as a distal anchor, and this technique allowed easier guiding of catheter advancement into the transverse sinus. In both cases, Carotid WALLSTENTS were placed in the sinus easily, with no complications. Conclusion Balloon anchoring in the venous system is useful for achieving large-caliber catheter access across difficult anatomy and is technically feasible.
Pulmonary hypertension in eosinophilicversusnoneosinophilic COPD
Authors: Alzghoul Bashar N. , As Sayaideh Mohammad , Moreno Brian F. , Singh Saminder K. , Innabi Ayoub , Reddy Raju , Papierniak Eric S. , Alnuaimat Hassan M 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThe eosinophilic COPD phenotype is associated with greater airway remodelling, exacerbation risk and steroid responsiveness. However, little is known about the prevalence and characteristics of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in this patient population.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated a cohort of COPD patients with right heart catheterisation (RHC) data at a university hospital between January 2011 and May 2019 and compared the pulmonary vascular profile and prevalence of PH between eosinophilic and noneosinophilic patients using a definition of eosinophilic COPD as at least three blood eosinophil values ≥300 cells·µL−1. We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the association between eosinophilic COPD and various PH categories adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (%), smoking status and use of supplemental oxygen.ResultsAmong 106 COPD patients with RHC data and at least three blood eosinophil values, 25% met the definition of eosinophilic COPD. Fewer patients among the eosinophilic group required long-term oxygen therapy (69%versus93%, p=0.001) and total lung capacity was significantly lower in the eosinophilic group (p=0.006). This group had higher mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) (median (interquartile range) 30 (27–41) mmHgversus25 (22–30) mmHg, p=0.001) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) (4 (2.8–5.1) Wood unitsversus2.9 (2.1–4.1) Wood units, p=0.018). On multivariable logistic regression analyses, eosinophilic phenotype was associated with PH (adjusted (a)OR 6.5, 95% CI 1.4–30.7; p=0.018) and pre-capillary PH (aOR 3.2, 95% CI 1.1–9; p=0.027), but not severe PH (aOR 2.1, 95% CI 0.6–7.2; p=0.219).ConclusionEosinophilic COPD was associated with higher mPAP and PVR and increased likelihood of PH. More studies are needed to further explore this finding.
Half-day trading and spillovers
Authors: Chen Yifan , Yu Limin , Gang Jianhua 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the linkage of returns and volatilities between the United States and Chinese stock markets from January 2010 to March 2020. We use the dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) and asymmetric Baba–Engle–Kraft–Kroner (BEKK) GARCH models to calculate the time-varying correlations of these two markets and examine the return and volatility spillover effects between these two markets. The empirical results show that there are only unidirectional return spillovers from the U.S. stock market to the Chinese stock market. The U.S. stock market has a consistently positive spillover to China’s next day’s morning trading, but its impact on China’s next day’s afternoon trading appears to be insignificant. This finding implies that information in the U.S. stock market impacts the performance of the Chinese stock market differently in distinct semi-day trading. Moreover, with respect to the volatility, there are significant bidirectional spillover effects between these two markets.
Correlation between the severity of erectile dysfunction and prostate size in patients with benign prostatic enlargement
Authors: Obiatuegwu Kenenna , Atim Terkaa , Abu Sadiq , Aisuodionoe-Shadrach Oseremen , Dakum Nuhu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundErectile dysfunction (ED) is persistent inability to achieve and maintain an erection for sufficient satisfactory intercourse. Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are defined as a constellation of storage, voiding and post-micturition symptoms following bladder outlet obstruction. Preservation of sexual function remains an important component of quality of life and should be considered in the management of patients with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE), and many data report evidence of a link between ED and BPE. This study aimed to evaluate the link between ED, size of the prostate and symptom in patients with BPE.MethodsBy simple random sampling, patients who presented at the Urology Clinic of the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, with BPE were assessed for the presence of ED. Three questionnaires (a proforma, the IIEF-5 and the IPSS) were administered to all the patients that met the inclusion criteria to objectively assess ED and LUTS due to BPE without bias. Data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0.Pvalue of less than 0.05 shall be considered statistically significant.ResultsOne hundred and seventeen male patients with BPE were enrolled for the study. Ninety patients (76.9%) had ED while twenty-seven patients (23.1%) had no ED. Mean age of patients with severe ED was 64.00 years ± 7.07 while the mean age of patients with moderate ED was 64.13 years ± 7.26. Mean age of patients with mild to moderate ED, mild ED and no ED was 64.62 years, 59.90 years and 57.96 years, respectively. Patients with severe ED had the highest mean prostate volume of 122.95 cm3 ± 40.16. Mean prostate volume of 85.24 cm3 ± 40.23 was noted in patients who had moderate ED while a mean prostate volume of 76.42 cm3 ± 26.45 and 60.35 cm3 ± 21.39 was noted in patients with mild to moderate ED and mild ED, respectively. Patients with no ED had a mean prostate volume of 49.75 cm3 ± 15.55.Pvalue (0.001) was significant.ConclusionThis study shows that erectile function has a direct relationship with prostate size. There was a positive correlation between ED and prostate size. Adopting a holistic approach in the management of ED and BPE will have laudable impact on patients’ performance.
CeNet Omnibus: an R/Shiny application to the construction and analysis of competing endogenous RNA network
Authors: Wen Xiao , Gao Lin , Song Tuo , Jiang Chaoqun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulation is a newly discovered post-transcriptional regulation mechanism and plays significant roles in physiological and pathological progress. CeRNA networks provide global views to help understand the regulation of ceRNAs. CeRNA networks have been widely used to detect survival biomarkers, select candidate regulators of disease genes, and predict long noncoding RNA functions. However, there is no software platform to provide overall functions from the construction to analysis of ceRNA networks.

Results
To fill this gap, we introduce CeNet Omnibus, an R/Shiny application, which provides a unified framework for the construction and analysis of ceRNA network. CeNet Omnibus enables users to select multiple measurements, such as Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC), mutual information (MI), and liquid association (LA), to identify ceRNA pairs and construct ceRNA networks. Furthermore, CeNet Omnibus provides a one-stop solution to analyze the topological properties of ceRNA networks, detect modules, and perform gene enrichment analysis and survival analysis. CeNet Omnibus intends to cover comprehensiveness, high efficiency, high expandability, and user customizability, and it also offers a web-based user-friendly interface to users to obtain the output intuitionally.

Conclusion
CeNet Omnibus is a comprehensive platform for the construction and analysis of ceRNA networks. It is highly customizable and outputs the results in intuitive and interactive. We expect that CeNet Omnibus will assist researchers to understand the property of ceRNA networks and associated biological phenomena. CeNet Omnibus is an R/Shiny application based on the Shiny framework developed by RStudio. The R package and detailed tutorial are available on our GitHub page with the URL https://github.com/GaoLabXDU/CeNetOmnibus.
Genome-wide identification and gene-editing of pigment transporter genes in the swallowtail butterfly Papilio xuthus
Authors: Liu Guichun , Liu Wei , Zhao Ruoping , He Jinwu , Dong Zhiwei , Chen Lei , Wan Wenting , Chang Zhou , Wang Wen , Li Xueyan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Insect body coloration often functions as camouflage to survive from predators or mate selection. Transportation of pigment precursors or related metabolites from cytoplasm to subcellular pigment granules is one of the key steps in insect pigmentation and usually executed via such transporter proteins as the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transmembrane transporters and small G-proteins (e.g. Rab protein). However, little is known about the copy numbers of pigment transporter genes in the butterfly genomes and about the roles of pigment transporters in the development of swallowtail butterflies.

Results
Here, we have identified 56 ABC transporters and 58 Rab members in the genome of swallowtail butterfly Papilio xuthus. This is the first case of genome-wide gene copy number identification of ABC transporters in swallowtail butterflies and Rab family in lepidopteran insects. Aiming to investigate the contribution of the five genes which are orthologous to well-studied pigment transporters (ABCG: white, scarlet, brown and ok; Rab: lightoid) of fruit fly or silkworm during the development of swallowtail butterflies, we performed CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing of these genes using P. xuthus as a model and sequenced the transcriptomes of their morphological mutants. Our results indicate that the disruption of each gene produced mutated phenotypes in the colors of larvae (cuticle, testis) and/or adult eyes in G0 individuals but have no effect on wing color. The transcriptomic data demonstrated that mutations induced by CRISPR/Cas9 can lead to the accumulation of abnormal transcripts and the decrease or dosage compensation of normal transcripts at gene expression level. Comparative transcriptomes revealed 606 ~ 772 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the mutants of four ABCG transporters and 1443 DEGs in the mutants of lightoid. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that DEGs in ABCG transporter mutants enriched to the oxidoreductase activity, heme binding, iron ion binding process possibly related to the color display, and DEGs in lightoid mutants are enriched in glycoprotein binding and protein kinases.

Conclusions
Our data indicated these transporter proteins play an important role in body color of P. xuthus. Our study provides new insights into the function of ABC transporters and small G-proteins in the morphological development of butterflies.