bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting helpful attention and interpretation patterns to reduce anxiety and depression in young people: Weaving scientific data with young peoples’ lived experiences
Authors: Lau Jennifer , Watkins-Muleba Rebecca , Lee Isabelle , Pile Victoria , Hirsch Colette 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression are common, disabling and frequently start in youth, underscoring the need for effective, accessible early interventions. Promoting adaptive cognitive patterns could reflect “active ingredients” in the treatment and/or prevention of youth anxiety and depression. Here, we described and compared different therapeutic techniques that equipped young people with a more flexible capacity to use attention and/or promoted a tendency to positive/benign (over threatening/negative) interpretations of uncertain situations. We also consulted young people with lived experiences on how effective these strategies are used in daily life and their views on whether additional techniques could be used to promote resilient cognitive patterns.METHODS: We searched electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and PsycARTICLES) for studies containing words relating to: intervention; youth; anxiety and/or depression and attention and/or interpretation, and selected studies which sought to reduce self-reported anxiety/depression in youth by explicitly altering attention and/or interpretation patterns. Ten young people with lived experiences of anxiety and depression and from diverse backgrounds were invited to give their views on our findings.RESULTS: Two sets of techniques, each targeting different levels of responding with different strengths and weaknesses were identified. Cognitive bias modification training (CBM) tasks were largely able to alter attention and interpretation biases but the effects of training on clinical symptoms was more mixed. In contrast, guided instructions that teach young people to regulate their attention or to evaluate alternative explanations of personally-salient events, reduced symptoms but there was little experimental data establishing the intervention mechanism. Young people reported on additional strategies that could be targeted to promote adaptive cognitive patterns. DISCUSSION: CBM techniques target clear hypothesised mechanisms but require further co-design with young people to make them more engaging and augment their clinical effects. Guided instructions benefit from being embedded in clinical interventions, but lack empirical data to support their intervention mechanism, underscoring the need for more experimental work. Young peoples’ feedback suggest that combining complimentary techniques within multi-pronged “toolboxes” to develop resilient thinking patterns in youth is empowering.
Decreasing hospital burden of COVID-19 during the first wave in Regione Lombardia: an emergency measures context
Authors: Grosso Francesca Maria , Presanis Anne Margaret , Kunzmann Kevin , Jackson Chris , Corbella Alice , Grasselli Giacomo , Andreassi Aida , Bodina Annalisa , Gramegna Maria , Castaldi Silvana , Zanella Alberto , Salmoiraghi Marco , Castrofino Ambra , Castillo Gabriele Del , Crottogini Lucia , Tirani Marcello , Cereda Danilo , De Angelis Daniela 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to quantify the hospital burden of COVID-19 during the first wave and how it changed over calendar time; to interpret the results in light of the emergency measures introduced to manage the strain on secondary healthcare. Methods: This is a cohort study of hospitalised confirmed cases of COVID-19 admitted from February-June 2020 and followed up till 17th July 2020, analysed using a mixture multi-state model. All hospital patients with confirmed COVID-19 disease in Regione Lombardia were involved, admitted from February-June 2020, with non-missing hospital of admission and non-missing admission date.Results: The cohort consists of 40,550 patients hospitalised during the first wave. These patients had a median age of 69 (interquartile range 56-80) and were more likely to be men (60%) than women (40%). The hospital-fatality risk, averaged over all pathways through hospital, was 27.5% (95% CI 27.1-28.0%); and steadily decreased from 34.6% (32.5-36.6%) in February to 7.6% (6.3-10.6%) in June. Among surviving patients, median length of stay in hospital was 11.8 (11.6-12.3) days, compared to 8.1 (7.8-8.5) days in non-survivors. Averaged over final outcomes, median length of stay in hospital decreased from 21.4 (20.5-22.8) days in February to 5.2 (4.7-5.8) days in June.Conclusions: The hospital burden, in terms of both risks of poor outcomes and lengths of stay in hospital, has been demonstrated to have decreased over the months of the first wave, perhaps reflecting improved treatment and management of COVID-19 cases, as well as reduced burden as the first wave waned. The quantified burden allows for planning of hospital beds needed for current and future waves of SARS-CoV-2.
Needs Assessment of Family With Neonates Hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Razzaghi Sedigheh , Pasha Yadollah Zahed , hajian-Tilaki Karimollah , valizadeh Sousan , Arzani Afsaneh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The neonate’s birth and subsequent hospitalization cause families to experience various needs. Assessing the family needs can lead identify the real needs of parents, provide qualitative services and implement family-centered care by nurses. The aim of this study was to assess the needs of families with neonates hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 360 parents of neonates admitted to NICU in northern Iran in 2018- 2019. Data were collected by demographic questionnaire of parents and neonates and NICU Family Needs Inventory (NFNI) of Ward with 5 dimensions of proximity, assurance, information, comfort and support. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients. Results: The most important dimensions of family needs, proximity to infant (93.59%), information (90.53%), assurance (89.18%), comfort (86.70%) and support (80.78%).Comparison indicated that the dimensions of need including assurance of multiparous parents (P<0.001) and comfort in parents with term infants (P<0.02) were significantly more than the rest. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the most important dimension of family needs is proximity to infants. Therefore, it is recommended that the relevant authorities should take effective measures to provide parent-infant proximity.
A Novel Zero-Watermarking Scheme Based on NSCT-SVD and Blockchain for Video Copyright
Authors: Wu Xiangqi , Ma Peng , Jin Zihan , Wu Yuxuan , Ou Wei , Han Wenbao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
With the advent of information era, issues about video copyright continue to emerge. In the grey industrial chain of piracy, the film industry is a major disaster area so far. The current protection schemes for video copyright are inefficient and costly so that video industry still has to face the infringement. Research on a simple and efficient protection technology of video copyright is urgent. To address the inefficiency and irregularity of the current protection schemes for video copyright, this paper proposes a simple and efficient protection scheme for video copyright based on zero-watermarking and blockchain. The results show that the proposed key-frames extraction method of proposed scheme performs well and achieves low-cost protection of video copyright in pratical environment. In addition, video zero-watermarking algorithm of proposed scheme works well with blockchain. Proposed scheme improves some extent on the database centralization and evidential difficulties of traditional video zero-watermarking schemes, and it is more reliable, simpler and more effective than traditional video zero-watermarking schemes.
Human Blastocyst is Susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 Infection based on Protein Level Examination of Key Entry Factors in Human Oocytes and Early Embryos
Authors: liu xingping , Ma Bing-xin , Zhou Li-quan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective ACE2, TMPRSS2 and NRP1 are key factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we used immunofluorescence to examine the expression patterns of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and NRP1 in human oocytes and different stages of preimplantation embryos to investigated the susceptibility to be infected by SARS-CoV-2.Methods We collected human GV oocytes and different stages of early embryos donated by patients and then performed immunofluorescence followed by confocal microscopy for signals of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and NRP1 proteins in these oocytes and embryos.Results We found that ACE2 was abundant in both inner cell mass and trophectoderm at blastocyst stage, while TMPRSS2 was mainly enriched in trophectoderm. Both of the two factors had faint signal in cleavage embryos and oocytes. In contrast, NRP1 was barely detectable in oocytes or any stage of early embryos. Conclusion Taken together, we propose that human blastocysts, instead of human oocytes and other stages of early embryos, are susceptible to be infected by SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, specific attention should be paid to manipulation of human blastocysts in assisted reproductive technology.
Impact of Air-Sea Coupling on the Climate Change Signal Over The Iberian Peninsula
Authors: VARA ALBA DE LA , Cabos William , Sein Dmitry V. , Teichmann Claas , Jacob Daniela 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this work we use a regional ocean-atmosphere coupled model (RAOCM) and its stand-alone atmospheric component to gain insight into the impact of atmosphere-ocean coupling on the climate change signal over the Iberian Peninsula (IP). The IP is a well suited location for this study as high-resolution models are required to realistically reproduce its current and future climate. We find that under the RCP8.5 scenario, the generalized 2-m air temperature (T2M) increase by the end of the 21st century (2070-2099) in the atmospheric-only simulation is tempered by the coupling. The impact of coupling is specially seen in summer, when the warming is stronger. Precipitation shows regionally-dependent changes in winter, whilst a drier climate is found in summer. The coupling generally reduces the magnitude of the changes. Differences in T2M and precipitation between coupled and uncoupled simulations are caused by changes in the Atlantic large-scale circulation and in the Mediterranean Sea. Additionally, the differences in projected changes of T2M and precipitation with the RAOCM under the RCP8.5 and RCP4.5 scenarios are tackled. Results show that in winter and summer T2M increases less and precipitation changes are of a smaller magnitude with the RCP4.5. Whilst in summer changes present a similar regional distribution in both runs, in winter there are some differences in the NW of the IP due to differences in the North Atlantic circulation. The differences in the climate change signal from the RAOCM and the driving Global Coupled Model shows the added value of regionalization in terms of higher resolution over the land and ocean.
Association of Hepatic Steatosis and Metabolic Dysfunction With Incident Cardiovascular Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Jeong Seogsong , Oh Yun Hwan , Choi Seulggie , Chang Jooyoung , Kim Sung Min , Son Joung Sik , Lee Gyeongsil , Kim Won , Park Sang Min 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background/purpose: Metabolic dysfunction (MD)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is new clearer nomenclature with positive diagnostic criteria on the basis of hepatic steatosis and MD, involving exclusion criteria for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 333,389 participants who received health examination between 2009 and 2010 from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Hepatic steatosis was defined using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-derived NAFLD scoring system. Participants were followed over 5-6 years from the index date of health examination to 31 December 2015 for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The Cox proportional hazards regression was adopted to determine adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for CVD according to the presence of hepatic steatosis, MD, and MAFLD.Results: This study included 179,437 men and 153,952 women with a median age of 57 years. Hepatic steatosis with MD (aHR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.89-2.13) and without MD (aHR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.10-1.54) significantly increased the risk of CVD compared to no steatosis without MD (reference). However, steatosis revealed no significant difference in the risk of CVD compared to no steatosis among participants with one metabolic dysfunction (aHR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.91-1.30). In participants with steatosis, the presence of one and ≥2 metabolic dysfunctions had aHR of 1.25 (95% CI, 0.87-1.79) and 1.71 (95% CI, 1.22-2.41) compared to no MD, respectively.Conclusion: MAFLD was significantly associated with increased CVD risk and had better predictive performance for CVD risk compared to hepatic steatosis or metabolic dysfunction alone.
Low-Cost Alternative Biodiesel Production Apparatus Based on Household Food Blender for Continuous Biodiesel Production for Small Communities
Authors: Wongjaikham Wijittra , Wongsawaeng Doonyapong , Ratnitsai Vareeporn , Kamjam Manita , Ngaosuwan Kanokwan , Kiatkittipong Worapon , Hosemann Peter , Assabumrungrat Suttichai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) are sustainable biofuel that can alleviate high oil cost and environmental impacts of petroleum-based fuel. A modified 1,200 W high efficiency fruit blender was employed for continuous transesterification of various refined vegetable oils and waste cooking oil (WCO) using sodium hydroxide as a homogeneous catalyst. The following factors have been investigated on their effects on FAME yield: baffles, reaction volume, total reactant flow rate, methanol-oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration and reaction temperature. Results indicated that the optimal conditions were: 2,000 mL reaction volume, 50 mL/min total flow rate, 1% and 1.25% catalyst concentration for refined palm oil and WCO, respectively, 6:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio and 62 - 63oC, obtaining yield efficiency over 96.5% FAME yield of 21.14 ´ 10-4 g.J-1 (for palm oil) and 19.39 ´ 10-4 g.J-1 (for WCO). All the properties of produced FAMEs meet the EN 14214 and ASTM D6751 standards. The modified household fruit blender could be a practical and low-cost alternative biodiesel production apparatus for continuous biodiesel production for small communities in remote areas.
Third Order Nonlinear Optical Characteristics of&nbsp;Er3+ doped BaMoO4 Nanostructures
Authors: sharath RA , rahulan K Mani , Flower N Angeline Little , sujatha annie , vinitha g , Rajeev Reshma , saha tandrima , Prakashbabu D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We report the third order nonlinear optical properties of Er3+-doped BaMoO4 nanostructures, and its dependence on Er dopant concentration. BaMoO4 nanostructures with different concentration of Er were synthesized by chemical precipitation method and were characterized by UV-Vis absorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence measurements. The incorporation of Er ions shifted the absorption band of BaMoO4 towards higher wavelength and enhanced the light absorption in the visible region. XRD patterns showed that the powders crystallize in scheelite-type tetragonal structure. The nonlinear optical behavior of the nanostructures was investigated by a Z-scan technique at 532 nm using continuous wave Nd:YAG laser. Experimental results suggested that the addition of Er can considerably enhance the nonlinear absorption and refractive index coefficients of BaMoO4 which could be used as a potential for nonlinear optical device applications.
Action Grammars of Human Behavior – Measurement, Evolution, and Neural Representation
Authors: Stout Dietrich , Chaminade Thierry , Apel Jan , Faisal A. Aldo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Human behaviors from tool-making to language are thought to rely on a uniquely evolved capacity for hierarchical action sequencing. Testing this idea will require objective, generalizable methods for measuring the structural complexity of real-world behavior. Here we present a data-driven approach for extracting action grammars from basic ethograms, exemplified with respect to the evolutionarily-relevant behavior of stone tool-making. We analyzed sequences from the experimental replication of ~2.5 Mya Oldowan vs. ~0.5 Mya Acheulean tools, finding that, while using the same “alphabet” of elementary actions, Acheulean sequences are quantifiably more complex and Oldowan grammars are a subset of Acheulean grammars. We illustrate the utility of our complexity measures by re-analyzing data from an fMRI study of stone tool-making to identify brain responses to structural complexity. Beyond specific implications regarding the co-evolution of language and technology, this exercise illustrates the general applicability of our method to investigate naturalistic human behavior and cognition.
Outcomes that explain excess of body fat mass in preschoolers: a cross-sectional exploratory study
Authors: Nobre Juliana Nogueira Pontes , Morais Rosane Luzia de Souza , Ramos-Jorge Maria Letícia , Fernandes Amanda Cristina , Viegas Ângela Alves , Figueiredo Pedro Henrique Scheidt , Costa Henrique Silveira , Esteves Elizabethe Adriana , Júnior Fidelis Antônio da Silva , Camargos Ana Cristina Resende , Mendonça Vanessa Amaral , Lacerda Ana Cristina Rodrigues 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Childhood obesity requires approaches that combine personal interventions with social and environmental changes. The preschool period is crucial in the context of the expansion of adipose tissue since it covers the adiposity rebound. Although emerging studies verifying a range of possible social, environmental, and personal explanatory variables for childhood obesity, the assessment of body fat mass using a gold standard instrument, is still a gap especially during the preschool period. The aim of this study was to determine social, environmental, and personal factors associated to the excess of body fat mass in preschool period. Methods: Quantitative, exploratory, cross-sectional study developed in public schools. Results: Analyzes using univariate and multivariate models demonstrated that parental obesity, highest quality of environmental stimulation and screen time explained almost 50% the excess of body fat mass in preschoolers. Conclusion: The presence of obesity in one parent, a home environment with high stimulation, and permanence for a long period on-screen are outcomes strongly associated with the presence of an excess of body fat mass in the preschool period. These findings may assist the development of public guidelines focusing on child health to outline effective strategies that contribute to the quality of life and treatment of preschoolers with excess body fat mass.
YIV-906 Potentiated anti-PD1 Action Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Enhancing Adaptive and Innate Immunity in the Tumor Microenvironment.
Authors: Yang Xiaochen , lam wing , Jiang Zaoli , Guan Fulan , Han Xue , Hu Rong , Cai Wei , Cheng William , Liu Shwu-Huey , Cheng Peikwen , Cai Yuping , Rattray Nicholas J.W. , Johnson Caroline H. , Chen Lieping , Cheng Yung-Chi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
YIV-906 (PHY906) is a standardized botanical cancer drug candidate developed with a systems biology approach - inspired by a traditional Chinese herbal formulation, historically used to treat gastrointestinal symptoms including diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. In combination with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, preclinical and clinical results suggest that YIV-906 has the potential to prolong survival and improve quality of life for cancer patients. Here, we demonstrated that YIV-906 plus anti-PD1 could eradicate all Hepa 1–6 tumors in all tumor bearing mice. YIV-906 was found to have multiple mechanisms of action to enhance adaptive and innate immunity. In combination, YIV-906 reduced PD1 or counteracted PDL1 induction caused by anti-PD1 which led to higher T-cell activation gene expression of the tumor. In addition, YIV-906 could reduce immune tolerance by modulating IDO activity and reducing monocytic MDSC of the tumor. The combination of anti-PD1 and YIV-906 generated acute inflammation in the tumor microenvironment with more M1-like macrophages. YIV-906 could potentiate the action of IFNg to increase M1-like macrophage polarization while inhibiting IL4 action to decrease M2 macrophage polarization. Flavonoids from YIV-906 were responsible for modulating IDO activity and potentiating IFNg action in M1-like macrophage polarization. In conclusion, YIV-906 could act as an immunomodulator and enhance the innate and adaptive immune response and potentiate anti-tumor activity for immunotherapies to treat cancer.
Correlation Between Muscle Architecture and Anaerobic Power in Athletes Involved in Different Sports
Authors: Lee Kyu-Lim , Oh Tae-Woong , Gil Young-Chun , Kim Hee-Jin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Athletes cultivate highly developed muscles based on their sport category, creating a body shape that matches the characteristics of that sports category. We tested the significance of the correlation between muscle development characteristics and anaerobic power in athletes to build a database for each category.Methods: Fifty-eight college athletes participated in this study. To assess muscle characteristics, muscle thickness (MT) and fascicle angle (FA) were measured by ultrasonography (US) in lower limb. Furthermore, anaerobic power was measured with the Wingate test.Results: Analysis of the correlation between muscle structure and anaerobic power revealed significant differences between the sports categories, except for the MT of the medial head of gastrocnemius (Gm), lateral head of gastrocnemius, and FA of Gm. A significant difference was observed for all parameters, except for the arrival time to peak power in the anaerobic power items; in particular, a high degree of correlation in mean power/kg and peak power/kg was observed.Conclusion: A similar tendency was observed in the correlation between muscle structure and anaerobic power in most sports categories, but certain muscle characteristic factors were prominent in each sport. Based on these, it is possible to contribute to predicting and promoting athletic performance.