bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reverse pseudohyperkalemia in a newly diagnosed pediatric patient with acute T-cell leukemia and hyperleukocytosis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Alabdulqader Muneera , Al Alawyat Hanaa , Kasem Mohammed F. , Ibrahim Abdelfattah , Omara Abdelwahab 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundHyperkalemia is a serious medical condition that requires immediate intervention. However, pseudohyperkalemia and reverse pseudohyperkalemia are misleading clinical manifestations that can result in incorrect diagnosis and consequent harmful intervention.Case presentationAn 11-year-old girl manifested an incidental finding of hyperleukocytosis (WBC > 400 × 109/L), with 90% blast cells during routine pre-operative investigations for adenotonsillectomy. Initial investigations demonstrated elevated serum potassium levels (7.5 mmol/L), despite concomitantly normal levels in venous blood gas samples (3.9–4.4 mmol/L) and being clinically stable with normal 12-lead ECG. Surprisingly, plasma potassium level was exacerbated, in comparison to the serum level by > 1 mmol/L. This finding is consistent with reverse pseudohyperkalemia that is associated with hyperleukocytosis in acute leukemia that does not require any active intervention.ConclusionThis case report emphasizes the significance of interpreting potassium levels accurately, preferably utilizing whole-blood potassium level over serum and plasma level in newly diagnosed leukemia cases with hyperleukocytosis. Additionally, having a high index for the possibility of reverse pseudohyperkalemia, secondary to leakage from fragile leukocytes, avoids unnecessary treatment that might cause harm to the patient.
Sharks, rays and chimaeras of the Seine and Unicorn seamounts (NE Atlantic Ocean)
Authors: FREITAS Mafalda , SOUSA Ricardo , IDEIA Pedro , GASPAR Madalena , DELGADO João , COSTA Ana Luísa , dos SANTOS Antonina , BISCOITO Manuel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Seamounts are underwater mountains which typically rise rather steeply at least several hundred meters above the deep-sea floor. These geological features interrupt water flow and hence may induce changes in the circulation of different water masses, in turn causing different physical and biological effects. For this reason, seamounts are biodiversity hotspots, housing a wide number of species, as is with the case of the Seine and Unicorn seamounts, which are a part of the Madeira-Tore seamount chain located between Portugal mainland, southwestern Europe and Madeira archipelago (NE Atlantic).

Methods
Fisheries independent surveys allowed the collection of Chondrichthyes specimens from the Seine and Unicorn seamounts. Individuals were caught over the course of two research cruises, first in 2004 and later in 2017, with species distribution ranging from the summit down to 2500 m of depth.

Results
Fifteen species belonging to 7 different taxonomical families were collected in the two surveyed areas. Two species were recorded for the first time and added to the checklist of the Seine seamount (Centrophorus granulosus and Somniosus rostratus), and three species for the Unicorn seamount (C. granulosus, Centroscymnus coelolepis and Centroselachus crepidater). Distribution and frequency of occurrence for the collected species were evaluated in relation to depth.

Conclusions
This work is a valuable contribution to the knowledge of seamount-associated fish fauna. Moreover, the checklist of sharks, rays and chimaeras was updated for the Seine and Unicorn seamounts, summing up 20 species.
Incidental exposure to hedonic and healthy food features affects food preferences one day later
Authors: Dutriaux Léo , Papies Esther K. , Fallon Jennifer , Garcia-Marques Leonel , Barsalou Lawrence W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMemories acquired incidentally from exposure to food information in the environment may often become active to later affect food preferences. Because conscious use of these memories is not requested or required, these incidental learning effects constitute a form of indirect memory. In an experiment using a novel food preference paradigm (n = 617), we found that brief incidental exposure to hedonic versus healthy food features indirectly affected food preferences a day later, explaining approximately 10% of the variance in preferences for tasty versus healthy foods. It follows that brief incidental exposure to food information can affect food preferences indirectly for at least a day. When hedonic and health exposure were each compared to a no-exposure baseline, a general effect of hedonic exposure emerged across individuals, whereas health exposure only affected food preferences for high-BMI individuals. This pattern suggests that focusing attention on hedonic food features engages common affective processes across the general population, whereas focusing attention on healthy food features engages eating restraint goals associated with high BMI. Additionally, incidental exposure to food features primarily changed preferences for infrequently consumed foods, having less impact on habitually consumed foods. These findings offer insight into how hedonic information in the obesogenic food environment contributes to unhealthy eating behavior that leads to overweight and obesity. These findings further motivate the development of interventions that counteract the effects of exposure to hedonic food information and that broaden the effects of exposure to healthy food information.
Optimizing song retention through the spacing effect
Authors: Katz Joel J. , Ando Momo , Wiseheart Melody 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe spacing effect refers to the improvement in memory retention for materials learned in a series of sessions, as opposed to massing learning in a single session. It has been extensively studied in the domain of verbal learning using word lists. Less evidence is available for connected discourse or tasks requiring the complex coordination of verbal and other domains. In particular, the effect of spacing on the retention of words and music in song has yet to be determined. In this study, university students were taught an unaccompanied two-verse song based on traditional materials to a criterion of 95% correct memory for sung words. Subsequent training sessions were either massed or spaced by two days or one week and tested at a retention interval of three weeks. Performances were evaluated for number of correct and incorrect syllables, number of correctly and incorrectly pitched notes, degree notes were off-pitch, and number of hesitations while singing. The data revealed strong evidence for a spacing effect for song between the massed and spaced conditions at a retention interval of three weeks, and evidence of no difference between the two spaced conditions. These findings suggest that the ongoing cues offered by surface features in the song are strong enough to enable verbatim recall across spaced conditions, as long as the spacing interval reaches a critical threshold.
Eliciting health state utilities for Aromatic L-amino Acid Decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency: a UK vignette study
Authors: Smith Adam B. , Hanbury Andria , Buesch Katharina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to generate health state utilities for aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency, a rare genetic, lifelong neurogenerative condition predominantly manifesting in young infants.

Methods
Participants were presented with health state vignettes. These had been previously developed based on published literature, clinician input, interviews with parents of AADC deficiency patients and expert opinion. A total of 5 health state vignettes were presented: bedridden, head control, sitting unsupported, standing with assistance and walking with assistance. Health state utilities (HSU) were elicited using time-trade off (TTO; 10-year time horizon) and the standard gamble (SG). The vignettes were completed online by panel participants drawn from a representative sample of the United Kingdom residential population.

Results
A total of 1598 participants completed the vignettes. Around 21% had incongruent responses (higher utilities for the bedridden compared to walking health states). Incongruent responses were associated with shorter task completion times, gender and parental status. These responses were removed from the analysis. Health state utilities (HSU) increased correspondingly as health states improved for both the TTO and SG. The mean HSU (standard deviation) for the TTO task were: bedridden state 0.49 (0.34); head control 0.54 (0.33), sitting unsupported 0.63 (0.31); standing with assistance 0.68 (0.31); and walking with assistance 0.73 (0.31). For the SG, mean health state utilities were: 0.56 (0.28), 0.57 (0.27), 0.67 (0.24), 0.70 (0.24), and 0.75 (0.25), respectively.

Conclusion
Health state utilities were derived for AADC deficiency through a vignette study. These will be used for a cost-effectiveness model of an AADC deficiency treatment.
Multidisciplinary management of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
Authors: Abouzeid Walid , Sultan Ahmed , Shadad Mohamed 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare benign, but the locally aggressive, vascular tumor that occurs almost exclusively in young men. Although this tumor accounts for only about 0.5% of head and neck tumors, it is by far the most common benign nasopharyngeal neoplasm. It is presented typically with epistaxis, obstructive symptoms, and chronic otomastoiditis. The examination of this tumor reveals pale reddish-blue mass. The tumor is seen on imaging as vividly augmenting soft-tissue mass centered on the sphenopalatine foramen. The treatment of choice is usually surgical resection; either open or endoscopic. Pre-operative embolization is usually done to help with hemostasis. We aim to address the efficiency and the safety of endovascular modality in JNA.

Methods
In the period between January 2012 to December 2017, 20 male patients with age ranging from 6 to 20 years were referred to the Endovascular Unit, at Departments of Neurosurgery in Sohag, Alexandria, and Tanta University Hospitals with JNF. Preoperative trans-arterial embolization was done, followed by endoscopic surgical resection by our ENT surgeons. All patients were subjected to clinical and radiological Imaging evaluation pre embolization, post embolization, and post endoscopic resection. All patients had clinical and radiological follow-ups for at least 1 year.

Results
20 male patients with JNA underwent preoperative super-selective trans-arterial embolization. The average age at presentation was 13 years. All patients underwent successful embolization with total obliteration of vascular blush of the tumor in 15 patients, and near-total obliteration of blush in 5 patients. The dramatic effect of preoperative embolization was observed on limiting intraoperative blood loss (average 200 ml) and decreasing the time of surgery (average 2.5 h). There was no permanent morbidity or mortality related to either embolization or endoscopic resection in all patients.

Conclusions
Trans-arterial embolization is strongly recommended in patients with JNA, it offers a good assist to the surgeon, reduces blood loss, decreases the amount of transfusion, improves the degree of resection, reduces operative time, and decreases the incidence of recurrence.
The “needle re-entry” technique for infrainguinal arterial calcified occlusive lesions
Authors: Haraguchi Takuya , Kashima Yoshifumi , Tsujimoto Masanaga , Watanabe Tomohiko , Shitan Hidemasa , Sugie Takuro , Hachinohe Daisuke , Kaneko Umihiko , Kobayashi Ken , Kanno Daitaro , Sato Katsuhiko , Fujita Tsutomu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Vascular calcification is a predictor of poor clinical outcome during and after endovascular intervention. Guidewire crossing techniques and devices have been developed, but chronic total occlusions (CTOs) with severe calcification often prevent subintimal re-entry. We propose a novel guidewire crossing approach combined needle rendezvous with balloon snare technique, named the “needle re-entry” technique, for treatment of complex occlusive lesions.

Main text
A 73-year-old female with severe claudication in her right calf with ankle brachial index of 0.62, and a computed tomography angiogram showed a long occlusion with diffuse calcification in superficial femoral artery. She was referred to our department to have peripheral interventions. Since the calcified vascular wall of the lesion prevented the successful re-entry, the “needle re-entry” was performed. First, a retrograde puncture of the SFA, distally to the occlusion, was performed and an 0.018-in. guidewire with a microcatheter was inserted to establish a retrograde fashion. Second, an antegrade 5.0-mm balloon was advanced into a subintimal plane and balloon dilation at 6 atm was maintained. Third, an 18-gauge needle was antegradely inserted from distal thigh to the dilated 5.0-mm balloon. After confirming a balloon rupture by the needle penetration, we continued to insert the needle to meet the retrograde guidewire tip. Then, a retrograde 0.014-in. guidewire was carefully advanced into the needle hole, named the “needle rendezvous” technique. After further guidewire advancement to accomplish a guidewire externalization, the needle was removed. Finally, since the guidewire was passing through the 5.0-mm ruptured balloon, the balloon was withdrawn, and the guidewire was caught with the balloon and successfully advanced into the antegrade subintimal space, named the “balloon snare” technique. After the guidewire was advanced into the antegrade guiding sheath and achieved a guidewire externalization, an endovascular stent graft and an interwoven stent were deployed to cover the lesion. After postballoon dilation, an angiography showed a satisfactory result without complications. No restenosis, reintervention, and limb loss have been observed for one year follow-up period after this technique.

Conclusions
The “needle re-entry” technique is a useful guidewire crossing technique to revascularize femoropopliteal complex CTOs with severe calcification which prevent the achievement of guidewire crossing with the conventional procedures.
Seizures in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: blood pressure management in normotensive patients
Authors: Lu Lu , Xiong Weixi , Zhang Yingying , Xiao Yingfeng , Zhou Dong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPosterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare clinical disease that refers to the subcortical vasogenic edema involving bilateral parieto-occipital regions, with a usually reversible syndrome when causes are eliminated or controlled. Hypertension or blood pressure fluctuations are most common causes of PRES, but other contributors like chemotherapy and autoimmune disorders have also been reported. PRES has rapid onset of symptoms. Therefore, it is of major importance to determine whether blood pressure management plays an important role in prognosis. We presented two PRES patients who developed non-convulsive seizure but had normal baseline blood pressure at the time of presence of cause. The diagnosis of PRES was made by neurologists. The patients had no history of seizure or hypertension, but during the disease course they presented with temporal elevation of blood pressure with different durations. The second patients without instant blood pressure control developed residual symptoms of seizure at 90- and 120-day follow-up. Although the exact pathophysiology of PRES remains to be fully understood, primary and secondary prolonged blood pressure fluctuations may be associated with the prognosis of this syndrome. Early blood pressure management would be critical to favorable outcome.
A review on the efficacy of Ocimum gratissimum, Mentha spicata, and Moringa oleifera leaf extracts in repelling mosquito
Authors: Ojewumi Modupe Elizabeth , Obanla Oyinlola Rukayat , Atauba Daniel Mfon 
Published: December 2021

Abstract@@@In recent times, repellents and synthetic drugs have been identified as having negative toxicity effects on humans and the environment. Apart from the unfavourable effects on man and livestock caused by these chemicals-based (synthetic) repellents, they are also expensive, non-biodegradable, and no more effective because mosquitoes are getting adapted. With these drawbacks, an eco-friendly plant-based insecticide as a substitute is needed urgently. This paper reviews the extraction and use of essential oil from the leaves ofMentha spicata,Ocimum gratissimum, andMoringa oleiferaas mosquito repellent. Carvone, Eugenol, and 9-Octadecenoic acid were discovered to be the most active components in theM. spicata,O. gratissimum, andM. oleiferaextracts, respectively, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).HighlightsIn recent times, repellents and synthetic drugs have been identified as having negative toxicity effects on humans and the environment. Apart from the unfavorable effects on man and livestock caused by these chemical-based (synthetic) repellents, they are also expensive, non-biodegradable, and no more effective because mosquitoes are getting adapted.An eco-friendly plant-based insecticide as a substitute is needed urgently.Diseases transmitted by mosquitoes are still a significant reason for the global mortality rate, with over 700 million individuals experiencing such diseases every year.With the proper formulation of other repellent forms using their oils, they can replace non-degradable synthetic mosquito repellents since they are eco-friendly. In general, the mosquitocidal activity and percentage protection of plant extract increase with increasing concentration of the extracts in different formulations.This paper is our original work. We certify that this manuscript has not been published in part or whole elsewhere in any language, and it has not been submitted to any other journal for reviews.
What drives local currency bond market development in Saudi Arabia: do macroeconomic and institutional factors matter?
Authors: Boukhatem Jamel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe main objective of this study is to empirically determine which factors are related to the development of local-currency bond market (LCBM) in Saudi Arabia over the period 1990–2019. Using ARDL modeling, the results reveal long-run cointegrating relationships between LCBM capitalization and macroeconomic, financial, and institutional factors. Unlike institutional ones, macroeconomic and financial factors seem to matter more in developing LCBM in the short run. However, in the long run, larger economic size more government spending, low inflation levels, broader and deeper banking system, higher bureaucratic quality, and better investment profile, all play a crucial role in the determination of Saudi LCBM. Policy implications include measures toward sound macroeconomic fundamentals, broad and deep banking system, efficient stock market, and high-quality governance institutions.
Memory and rejuvenation in a quasicrystal
Authors: Joshi D. C. , Gebresenbut G. , Pay Gomez C. , Mathieu R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The glassy features of a single crystal of the icosahedral quasicrystal i-GdCd7.5 were investigated by means of squid magnetometry. The temperature-dependent zero-field–cooled magnetization was recorded on re-heating from low temperatures after halts in the cooling. The results evidence dynamical features akin to those of archetypal spin glasses, such as aging, memory, and rejuvenation. The results are compared to those of model spin glasses with different spin dimensionality, suggesting a qualitative similarity to the behaviour of metallic RKKY “Heisenberg” spin glasses.
Increased Dosage of MRA Improves BP and Urinary Albumin Excretion in Primary Aldosteronism With Suppressed Plasma Renin
Authors: Saiki Aya , Otsuki Michio , Tamada Daisuke , Kitamura Tetsuhiro , Mukai Kosuke , Yamamoto Koichi , Shimomura Iichiro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Purpose
Excessive aldosterone secretion causes a high risk of cardio-cerebrovascular events. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) is 1 of the treatment strategies for primary aldosteronism (PA). However, current MRA treatment is insufficient because MRA-treated patients with suppressed plasma renin activity (PRA) &lt; 1 ng/mL/h still had a higher risk of cardiovascular disease than those with unsuppressed PRA. This is a prospective interventional study to determine the effects of an increase in MRA dosage on blood pressure (BP) control and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) in MRA-treated PA patients.

Methods
Thirty-four PA patients were recruited, and 24 patients (6 male, 18 female) completed this study. Serum potassium concentration was assessed every two months to adjust the dosage of MRA safely for 6 months. The primary outcomes were the changes in BP and UAE between baseline and 6 months.

Results
Systolic BP (SBP) and log10UAE decreased significantly as the daily dose of MRA increased. Diastolic BP (DBP) tended to decrease. We divided the PA patients into two groups (baseline PRA &lt; 1 ng/mL/h and baseline PRA ≥ 1 ng/mL/h) according to PRA. In the group with baseline PRA &lt; 1 ng/mL/h but not that with baseline PRA ≥ 1 ng/mL/h, SBP, DBP and log10UAE after 6 months were significantly lower than those at baseline.

Conclusions
The increase in MRA dosage improved BP and UAE in PA patients with suppressed PRA.
Evaluation of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism on Changes in NT-proBNP Among Persons With HIV
Authors: Srinivasa Suman , deFilippi Christopher , Fitch Kathleen V , Iyengar Sanjna , Shen Grace , Burdo Tricia H , Walpert Allie R , Thomas Teressa S , Adler Gail K , Grinspoon Steven K 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Subclinical myocardial dysfunction is prevalent among well-treated persons with HIV (PWH). We have previously demonstrated unique renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system physiology among PWH with metabolic dysregulation. Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade may be a targeted treatment strategy for subclinical heart disease in PWH. Forty-six PWH were randomized to receive either eplerenone 50 mg daily or placebo in a 6-month randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. We assessed changes in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), a biomarker of cardiac stretch, under controlled posture and dietary conditions. The eplerenone- and placebo-treated groups demonstrated a long duration of HIV with good immunological control. NT-proBNP levels were similar between the groups at baseline (41.1 [20.2, 97.9] vs 48.9 [29.2, 65.4] ng/L, P = .80) and decreased significantly more in the eplerenone- vs placebo-treated groups after 6 months (change NT-proBNP -9.6 [-46.8, 0.3] vs -3.0 [-17.0, 39.9] ng/L, P = .02 for comparison of change between groups). Decreases in NT-proBNP were independent of changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and related to decreases in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (ρ = 0.32, P = .05) and inversely to increases in serum aldosterone (ρ = -0.33, P = .04) among all participants. Treatment with eplerenone for 6 months vs placebo significantly decreases NT-proBNP levels among PWH, independent of eplerenone’s known blood pressure-lowering effects. Further studies should elucidate whether lowering NT-proBNP in this at-risk metabolic population with subclinical heart disease will offer cardioprotection.

Clinical Trial Registration
NCT01405456