bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of childhood brain tumors after exposure to CT radiation: A nationwide population‐based case–control study in Finland
Authors: Abuhamed Jad , Nikkilä Atte , Raitanen Jani , Lohi Olli , Auvinen Anssi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this nationwide population‐based case–control study, we assessed the risk of childhood brain tumors following exposure to radiation from CT. Brain tumors diagnosed in Finland during 1990–2016 were identified by the Finnish Cancer Registry. For each case, three age‐ and sex‐matched controls were sampled from the Population Information System. The study population was linked to a CT dataset encompassing pediatric CTs performed in Finland during 1975–2011. We implemented a 5‐year lag period and excluded participants with cancer predisposition syndromes or previous malignancies. We estimated brain doses using the NCICT program. Overall, 1067 brain tumors were diagnosed in children aged 0–15 years during 1990–2016, 58% of which were gliomas. Among eligible participants, nine cases (1%) and 10 controls (0.4%) had undergone at least one head/neck CT scan. The mean cumulative brain dose was 22 mGy for exposed participants. Participants who had undergone one or more head/neck CTs had a higher risk of developing brain tumors compared to unexposed individuals (Odds ratio [OR] = 2.84, 95% CI 1.12, 7.19). The excess OR (EOR) per 100 mGy of brain dose was 5.50 (95% CI 0.31, 10.95) for all brain tumors, and 1.06 (95% CI −6.55, 9.30) for gliomas. Our results suggest a positive association between head/neck CT imaging and the risk of childhood brain tumors. These findings contribute to the existing knowledge about the hazards of low dose ionizing radiation in pediatric populations. Further research with more precise dosimetry, including dose distribution within the brain, is needed.
A Review of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Delivery Strategies and Applications in Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Tu Yuhan , Li Yang , Qu Gaoer , Ning Yangyang , Li Bin , Li Guoben , Wu Min , Li Shijun , Huang Yangge 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBasic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a significant member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. The bFGF has a three‐dimensional structure comprising 12 reverse parallel β‐folds. This structure facilitates tissue wound repair, angiogenesis, bone formation, cartilage repair, and nerve regeneration. Consequently, it has garnered significant attention from scholars both domestically and internationally. However, the instability and degradation properties of bFGF in vivo have limited its clinical application. Significant interest has arisen in the development of novel bFGF delivery systems that can address the shortcomings of bFGF and enhance its bioavailability by controlling the release amount, timing, and location. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the research and recent advances in various bFGF delivery systems, including hydrogels, liposomes, microspheres, and nanoparticles. Subsequently, the applications of bFGF pharmaceutical preparations in various fields are described. Finally, the current clinical applications of bFGF drug formulations and those in clinical trials are discussed, along with their clinical translation and future trends.
Beneficial Effects of Tilapia Fish Skin on Excisional Skin Wound Healing in a Type I Diabetic Rat Model
Authors: Hosny Omar Hussein , Radad Khaled , Ali Magda Mahmoud , Ahmed Ahmed Fathy 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionProlonged hyperglycemia in diabetic patients often impairs wound healing, leading to chronic infections and complications. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of fresh Tilapia fish skin as a treatment to enhance wound healing in diabetic rats. MethodsThirty‐nine healthy adult albino rats, weighing between 150 and 200 g, were divided into three groups: non‐diabetic rats with untreated wounds [C‐], diabetic rats with untreated wounds [C+], and diabetic rats treated with fresh Tilapia skin [TT]. The healing process was monitored through clinical observation, gross examination, and histopathological analysis. ResultsThe results demonstrated that the Tilapia skin treatment accelerated wound healing, as evidenced by complete reepithelialization, full epidermal cell differentiation, an intact dermo‐epidermal junction, and a reorganized dermis with fewer blood vessels. ConclusionFresh Tilapia skin proved to be a safe and effective dressing for promoting wound healing and managing infection in diabetic wounds.
Machine Learning‐Corrected Simplified Time‐Dependent DFT for Systems With Inverted Single‐t‐o‐Triplet Gaps of Interest for Photocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Curtis Kevin , Odoh Samuel O. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHydrogen gas (H2) can be produced via entirely solar‐driven photocatalytic water splitting (PWS). A promising set of organic materials for facilitating PWS are the so‐called inverted singlet‐triplet, INVEST, materials. Inversion of the singlet (S1) and triplet (T1) energies reduces the population of triplet states, which are otherwise destructive under photocatalytic conditions. Moreover, when INVEST materials possess dark S1 states, the excited state lifetimes are maximized, facilitating energy transfer to split water. In the context of solar‐driven processes, it is also desirable that these INVEST materials absorb near the solar maximum. Many aza‐triangulenes possess the desired INVEST property, making it beneficial to describe an approach for systematically and efficiently predicting the INVEST property as well as properties that make for efficient photocatalytic water splitting, while exploring the large chemical space of the aza‐triangulenes. Here, we utilize machine learning to generate post hoc corrections to simplified Tamm–Dancoff approximation density functional theory (sTDA‐DFT) for singlet and triplet excitation energies that are within 28–50 meV of second‐order algebraic diagrammatic construction, ADC(2), as well as the singlet‐to‐triplet, ΔES1T1, gaps of PWS systems. Our Δ‐ML model is able to recall 85% of the systems identified by ADC(2) as candidates for PWS. Further, with a modest database of ADC(2) excitation energies of 4025 aza‐triangulenes, we identified 78 molecules suitable for entirely solar‐driven PWS.
Avoiding Secants of Given Size in Finite Projective Planes
Authors: Héger Tamás , Nagy Zoltán Lóránt 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLet be a prime power and be a natural number. What are the possible cardinalities of point sets in a projective plane of order , which do not intersect any line at exactly points? This problem and its variants have been investigated before, in relation with blocking sets, untouchable sets or sets of even type, among others. In this article, we show a series of results which point out the existence of all or almost all possible values for , provided that is not close to the extremal values 0 or . Moreover, using polynomial techniques we show that for every prescribed list of numbers , there exists a point set with the following property: holds for the th line , .
Intersectional Anticipated Discrimination Among Women Experiencing Homelessness in Argentina
Authors: Lenta Malena , Iorio Jorgelina Di , Vázquez José Juan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWomen experiencing homelessness constitute a group with idiosyncratic characteristics and needs that have largely remained invisible. Their discriminatory situation has been studied very little which may limit the design of specific intervention strategies. Buenos Aires (Argentina) is one of the main megalopolises in Latin America, where information on women experiencing homelessness is scarcely available. The main objective of this paper is to analyze different aspects related to intersectional anticipated discrimination perceived by women experiencing homelessness in Buenos Aires (n = 72). A structured interview was used to collect the information. The findings show that the vast majority of women experiencing homelessness in Buenos Aires reported experiencing unfair treatment and anticipated discrimination. In addition, more than two‐thirds of the women interviewed indicated that they felt they could be insulted or detained without cause, among other unfair treatment. Among the main reasons attributed by the interviewees to these situations of discrimination were the fact of being homeless, being women (cis or trans), and being poor. The results obtained may be useful to guide the design and implementation of policies, services, and programs for women experiencing homelessness with a gender perspective.
Polyaniline‐modified anodes for brewery waste treatment in microbial fuel cells: insights into inoculum selection, cell configuration, and lactic acid valorization
Authors: Garduño‐Ibarra I. Rafael , Tanga Shruti , Tsitouras Alexandra , Kinsley Chris , Baranova Elena 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study focuses on the treatment of brewery waste slurries (BWS) with high chemical oxygen demand (COD) using a single‐chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) inoculated with heat‐treated anaerobic seed sludge. A co‐substrate of 5 g L−1 glycerol was added, and carbon felt (CF) was employed as the anode material, enhanced through in situ polymerization of aniline (PANI/CF). Additionally, the adsorption of ruthenium dioxide nanoparticles onto the modified CF was assessed (PANI‐RO/CF).RESULTSTests conducted at room temperature (19 °C to 22 °C) achieved an average COD reduction of 36%. The PANI‐RO/CF electrode accumulated 24% more charge, resulting in the highest coulombic efficiency of 75.1%, significantly exceeding similar studies. However, the PANI‐modified anode generated more energy, exceeding that of the bare CF by more than double, reaching 57.1 mW m−2. An optimized working volume was identified in relation to other reported works. Microbial population analysis revealed an interaction between Staphylococcus epidermidis and a rarely reported psychrophilic Bacillus species. After 30 h, lactic acid emerged as the main by‐product, with a concentration of 7.5 ± 0.6 g L−1.CONCLUSIONSThese findings highlight an optimization approach based on cell configuration and inoculum selection, as well as a significant valorization pathway that is frequently overlooked in the existing literature on brewery wastewater treatment using MFCs, particularly regarding the attractiveness of lactic acid production. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Cross‐sectional area on magnetic resonance images of the semitendinosus tendon is strongly related to the collagen fibril diameter
Authors: Mizuno Yushin , Nakase Junsuke , Ishikawa Tatsuya , Asai Kazuki , Takata Yasushi , Kanayama Tomoyuki , Sengoku Takuya , Ozaki Noriyuki , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeUsing a thin semitendinosus tendon as an autograft is a risk factor for poor clinical outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Preoperative evaluation of the cross‐sectional area of the semitendinosus tendon using magnetic resonance imaging is useful. However, studies comparing the cross‐sectional area of the semitendinosus tendon on magnetic resonance imaging and the collagen fibril diameter of the semitendinosus tendon are lacking. We aimed to investigate the relationship between collagen fibril diameter and cross‐sectional area of the semitendinosus tendon using magnetic resonance imaging.MethodsWe included 14 patients (24.5 ± 12.3 years) who underwent anterior cruciate or medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction using the semitendinosus tendon. Samples not used to prepare autografts were used to evaluate the collagen fibril diameter. Transmission electron microscopy was used to measure several hundred short fibril diameters per sample. Magnetic resonance imaging (T2‐weighted imaging) was used to assess the cross‐sectional area of the semitendinosus tendon, measured 8 cm proximal to the tibial attachment. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were determined for collagen fibril diameter and cross‐sectional area of the semitendinosus tendon on magnetic resonance imaging, and the relationship between both parameters was evaluated.ResultsThe collagen fibril diameter of the semitendinosus tendon was calculated from 10,279 fibrils. The correlation coefficient between the collagen fibril diameter and the cross‐sectional area of the semitendinosus tendon was 0.821 (p < 0.001).ConclusionsA strong positive correlation was observed between the collagen fibril diameter and cross‐sectional area of the semitendinosus tendon. A small cross‐sectional area on the magnetic resonance image of the semitendinosus tendon indicated a thin collagen fibril diameter, which may affect the mechanical strength of the autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The collagen fibril diameter can be predicted preoperatively by measuring the cross‐sectional area of the semitendinosus tendon using magnetic resonance imaging.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Positive Co‐Degree Turán Number for C5 and C5−
Authors: Wu Zhuo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe minimum positive co‐degree of a nonempty ‐graph is the maximum such that if is an ‐set contained in a hyperedge of , then is contained in at least hyperedges of . For any ‐graph , the positive degree Turán number is defined as the maximum value of over all ‐vertex ‐free nonempty ‐graphs . In this paper, we determine the positive degree Turán number for and .
ATM/ATR‐Mediated DNA Damage Response Facilitates SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike Protein‐Induced Syncytium Formation
Authors: Zhao Xiaotong , Wei Tingting , Hou Yujia , Wu Yanjin , Zhou Haitao , Meng Jiahui , Wang Qin , Liu Yang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMultinucleated cells are present in lung tissues of patients infected by SARS‐CoV‐2. Although the spike protein can cause the fusion of infected cells and ACE2‐expressing cells to form syncytia and induce damage, how host cell responses to this damage and the role of DNA damage response (DDR) signals in cell fusion are still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein on the fusion of homologous and heterologous cells expressing ACE2 in vitro models, focusing on the protein levels of ATR and ATM, the major kinases responding to DNA damage, and their substrates CHK1 and CHK2. We found that both homologous and heterologous cell fusion activated the ATR‐CHK1 and ATM‐CHK2 signaling axis and induced the aggregation of γH2AX, 53BP1 and RAD51 in syncytia. In addition, siRNA or inhibitors of ATM and ATR suppressed syncytia formation by decreasing the level of S protein. These results showed the important role of DDR in stabilizing the S protein and in favoring its induction of cell fusion and syncytium formation, suggesting that the virus exploits the host DDR to facilitate its spread among infected cells.
RNA Modifications and Their Role in Regulating KSHV Replication and Pathogenic Mechanisms
Authors: Schultz S. , Gomard‐Henshaw K. , Muller M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTKaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus is an oncogenic gammaherpesvirus that plays a major role in several human malignancies, including Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman's disease. The complexity of KSHV biology is reflected in the sophisticated regulation of its biphasic life cycle, consisting of a quiescent latent phase and virion‐producing lytic replication. KSHV expresses coding and noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, which play crucial roles in modulating viral gene expression, immune evasion, and intercellular communication. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of RNA modifications, also known as the epitranscriptome, in regulating KSHV‐encoded RNAs, adding a novel layer of posttranscriptional control previously unknown. These RNA modifications, such as N6‐methyladenosine, A‐to‐I editing, and N4‐acetylcytidine, are involved in fine‐tuning KSHV gene expression during both latency and lytic replication. Understanding the role of RNA modifications in KSHV infection is essential for revealing new regulatory mechanisms and identifying therapeutic opportunities. Targeting these RNA modifications could serve as a strategy to disrupt key viral processes, offering promising insights into KSHV pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.
When Complexity Meets Complexity: COVID‐19‐Induced Supply Chain Disruptions and Strategy Portfolio Efficiency
Authors: Yildiz Hakan , Yan Tingting , Hatton Marc , Fowler John , Kull Thomas J. , Sisk Lori 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDue to the COVID‐19 pandemic, global supply chains have experienced sustained impacts from unprecedented complex disruptions in different combinations and at different times. From an efficiency perspective, do these complex supply chain disruptions call for more complex risk management strategies? To answer this, we built an empirically grounded discrete event simulation model, the results of which were analyzed using data envelopment analysis. Results show that with unprecedented complex disruption patterns, a multi‐strategy portfolio approach is usually less efficient than a single‐strategy or a do‐nothing approach unless the strategy portfolio has certain characteristics. The most efficient strategy portfolios typically consist of a moderate number of diverse strategies. Too many strategies in a portfolio can be problematic, leading to increased costs that outpace improvement in revenue and service level. Results illustrate that even a strategy that generally performs poorly can be part of a very good strategy portfolio and vice versa. This study provides nuanced and novel findings that contribute to the resolution of the literature debate about the value of multi‐strategy portfolios in addressing complex disruption patterns. Highlighting the value of a strategy portfolio view, these insights help firms better prepare for the next complex and sustained global supply chain disruptions.
Racial Disparities in the Use of Minimally Invasive Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer
Authors: Gurau Andrei , Monton Olivia , Greer Jonathan B. , Nicolson Norman G. , Johnston Fabian M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionRacial disparities in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) utilization across gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are not well characterized. We evaluated racial/ethnic disparities in the use of MIS approaches and associated outcomes.MethodsWe analyzed a cohort of patients with GI cancer in the National Cancer Database (2010–2020). Multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between race/ethnicity and approach. Logistic regression was used to assess 30‐day readmission and 90‐day mortality. Cox regression was used to analyze overall survival. Models were adjusted for demographics, clinical characteristics, cancer factors, and facility features.ResultsOf the 839 398 patients included, 76.9% were White, 11.6% Black, 6.6% Hispanic/Latino, 4.0% Asian, and 0.3% Indigenous. Compared with patients of White race, the odds of robotic surgery were lower for Black (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.86–0.93) and Indigenous patients (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.59–0.89), but higher for Hispanic/Latino (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.08–1.17) and Asian patients (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.21–1.34). Indigenous patients had higher odds of readmission (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.23–1.62), 90‐day mortality (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.11–1.54), and worse overall survival (HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.05–1.18).ConclusionIndigenous and Black patients have lower utilization of minimally invasive approaches and worse outcomes in GI cancer care.
Impact of Metastatic Pattern on Survival Following Pancreatectomy for Cancer
Authors: Gunder Meredith A. , DeBeer Tonner , Siegel Julie A. , Egger Michael E. , McMasters Kelly M. , Martin Robert C. G. , Philips Prejesh A. , Vitale Gary C. , Scoggins Charles R. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and MethodsThe incidence of pancreatic cancer is increasing, and up to 55% of patients present with metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Many patients also develop metastatic disease following surgical resection. The impact of metastatic patterns on outcomes has not been described. A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated at a tertiary care center from 2012 to 2023. Patients who presented with metastatic disease or developed metastatic disease during their treatment course were identified. Univariate analysis was performed to identify factors associated with specific metastatic patterns. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were estimated for metastatic sites and stratified by treatment.ResultsOf the 330 patients identified, 192 (58.2%) presented with locoregional disease and underwent curative intent surgery before developing metastases, and 138 (41.8%) presented initially with metastatic disease. Median overall survival (OS) with metastases for all patients was 6 months. For patients who underwent curative intent surgery, OS was significantly worse for those who developed peritoneal metastasis compared to patients who developed other sites of metastases (median OS 5.4 vs. 9.2 months, p = 0.0005).ConclusionThe development of peritoneal metastases after surgery for pancreatic cancer is associated with worse OS compared to other sites of metastatic disease.
Recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology for the Treatment of Neoplastic Pericardial Effusion
Authors: Carvalho Erlon de Avila , Oliveira Rachid Eduardo Noleto da Nobrega , Ribeiro José Henrique Agner , Gross Jefferson Luís , Galhardo Cezar Augusto Vendas , Neto Heládio Feitosa e Castro , Santos Giovana dos , Ribeiro Reitan , Oliveira Alexandre Ferreira , Pinheiro Rodrigo Nascimento 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis document presents guidelines to assist surgeons in the diagnosis and management of this condition, emphasizing a multidisciplinary approach. Recommendations described by a group of physicians members of the Brazilian Society of Oncological Surgery regarding the treatment of neoplastic pericardial effusion, developed to guide oncological surgeons, cardiothoracic surgeons and general surgeons in their clinical practice. Members of the Thoracic Neoplasms Committee carried out a literature review and discussion among expert peers to create a guideline that would help in managing this very serious clinical condition in our oncology practice: Neoplastic pericardial effusion.
A Single Institution Experience With Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction: Impact of Insurance Coverage on Risk Reduction
Authors: Huang Anne , Koesters Emma , Garza Rebecca M. , Hanson Summer E. , Chang David W. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesImmediate lymphatic reconstruction (ILR) performed to prevent breast cancer related lymphedema is not consistently covered by insurance payors in the United States.MethodsRetrospective review was performed on a prospective database of ILR candidates from 2018 to 2022. Candidates were identified as patients with clinical axillary lymph node involvement at the time of breast cancer diagnosis. Patient demographics, insurance type, and development of lymphedema were recorded.ResultsOne hundred and eighty ILR candidates were identified, 50 of whom underwent ILR. Non‐ILR patients were more likely to be of black race, have Medicaid health insurance, earn lower median household income, and have lower rates of out‐of‐pocket payment when not covered by insurance. In 40 cases where ILR was indicated but not performed, 55% were due to financial reasons. After a minimum of 1 year follow up, 14.6% (6/41) of patients who underwent ILR had lymphedema, compared with 12.5% (9/72) of patients who had no clinical indication for ILR and 40% (10/25) of patients who did not undergo ILR when clinically indicated (p = 0.012).ConclusionsDisparities in insurance coverage and financial resources may adversely impact access and outcomes in patients clinically indicated for ILR.