bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Phenology of Four Major Hemipteran Pests to Enhance Integrated Pest Management Programs in Potatoes in the Lower Columbia Basin
Authors: Oppedisano Tiziana , Shrestha Govinda , Anderson Sarah , Thompson Ira D , Rondon Silvia I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.) is affected by various hemipteran insect pests including Circulifer tenellus Baker, Lygus spp., Myzus persicae Sulzer, and Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas. These pests can cause direct foliage damage or vector plant pathogens, and consequently reduce potato yield. Gaining insights into which factors have the greatest impact on seasonal population growth of insect pests is key for improving integrated pest management strategies. Moreover, abiotic and biotic cues such as temperature and crop growth stage can strongly influence insect population growth. Hence, the seasonal population dynamics of C. tenellus, Lygus spp., M. persicae, and M. euphorbiae, and temperature, were monitored weekly throughout potato growing seasons in commercial fields located in the lower Columbia Basin (USA). Using a multi-year dataset, we developed phenology models of each pest based on the accumulated degree days (DD) and potato days (PD). Temperature-mediated population growth models suggest that C. tenellus and Lygus spp. are the first of the pests to colonize the potato crop fields, with 90% of cumulative catch by 2,823 and 1,776 DD, respectively. In contrast, M. persicae and M. euphorbiae populations increased more gradually over the course of the season, with 90% cumulative catch by 5,590 and 5,047 DD, respectively. PD-mediated population growth models suggest that 50% of the populations of C. tenellus, Lygus spp., and M. persicae can be collected at potato tuber growth stage, while 50% of the M. euphorbiae population at tuber initiation stage. The results presented here will help in improving hemipteran potato pests’ management.
Use of Boilerplate Language in Regulatory Documents: Evidence from Environmental Impact Statements
Authors: Scott Tyler A , Marantz Nicholas , Ulibarri Nicola 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAdministrative procedures are intended to increase transparency and help agencies make better decisions. However, these requirements also increase agency workload. Understanding how public agencies satisfy procedural requirements is a critical facet of agency performance. This analysis focuses on the language used in Environmental Impact Statements (EISs) required by the US National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)—specifically, the reuse of similar text within and between assessments. We synthesize theories of institutional isomorphism and bureaucratic coping to understand why text is reused, and consider the tradeoffs of this behavior. Using a national dataset of 1015 EISs published by 22 agencies from 2013 to 2020, we apply local document alignment (LDA) to measure how boilerplate language varies by agency, authors, project type, location, and consulting firm involvement. Latent order logistic and beta regression models applied to the LDA results show that text reuse primarily occurs where there is a clear substantive rationale for boilerplate language or where studies share authors or contract consulting firms. This indicates: (1) that agencies largely do not engage in pro forma compliance efforts; and (2) that while NEPA procedures are oriented around individual projects and decisions, cross-project learning and the narrowness—or breadth—of agencies’ project portfolios shape analytical routines and the relative tradeoffs of boilerplate text in policy analysis. This article adds to our theoretical understanding of agencies’ coping strategies in response to institutional pressures and makes a methodological contribution by demonstrating the application of text reuse measurement and information extraction methods in public administration research.
Developing the Theory of Pragmatic Public Management through Classic Grounded Theory Methodology
Authors: Hafer Joseph A 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPublic administration scholars argue that further research is needed to understand ordinary day-to-day behaviors of the traditional government agency in the era of inter-organization collaboration and governance, including reconciling traditional bureaucratic management theories with modern-day cross-sector governance theories. I answered this call by utilizing classic grounded theory methodology to discover and theorize the latent patterns of behavior of such an agency—the Pennsylvania Bureau of Forestry—via the perspective of public managers. The primary source of data was unstructured interviews with 55 district and assistant district managers from the Bureau, and two interviews with executive directors of statewide nonprofits that frequently engage with the districts. Following the systematic processes of classic grounded theory methodology, I developed a theory called the Theory of Pragmatic Public Management that consists of the core category of Mission-driven Management, its four sub-core categories (Balancing, Advocating Value, Adapting to Uncertainty, and Prudent Collaboration), and two contextual conditions in the form of organization dynamics that impact the system (Organizational Capacity and Organizational Discretion). The theory is a modifiable and transferable theory that entwines traditional intra-organization management and inter-organization collaborative public management behaviors and relies on pragmatist thought for additional conceptual integration. It informs existing public management research that focuses on the day-to-day behaviors of public managers and offers practical insights on public management in the contemporary era of governance.
The double-stranded RNA-binding protein, Staufen1, is an IRES-transacting factor regulating HIV-1 cap-independent translation initiation
Authors: Ramos Hade , Monette Anne , Niu Meijuan , Barrera Aldo , López-Ulloa Brenda , Fuentes Yazmín , Guizar Paola , Pino Karla , DesGroseillers Luc , Mouland Andrew J , López-Lastra Marcelo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTranslation initiation of the viral genomic mRNA (vRNA) of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) can be mediated by a cap- or an internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-dependent mechanism. A previous report shows that Staufen1, a cellular double-stranded (ds) RNA-binding protein (RBP), binds to the 5’untranslated region (5′UTR) of the HIV-1 vRNA and promotes its cap-dependent translation. In this study, we now evaluate the role of Staufen1 as an HIV-1 IRES-transacting factor (ITAF). We first confirm that Staufen1 associates with both the HIV-1 vRNA and the Gag protein during HIV-1 replication. We found that in HIV-1-expressing cells, siRNA-mediated depletion of Staufen1 reduces HIV-1 vRNA translation. Using dual-luciferase bicistronic mRNAs, we show that the siRNA-mediated depletion and cDNA-mediated overexpression of Staufen1 acutely regulates HIV-1 IRES activity. Furthermore, we show that Staufen1-vRNA interaction is required for the enhancement of HIV-1 IRES activity. Interestingly, we find that only Staufen1 harboring an intact dsRNA-binding domain 3 (dsRBD3) rescues HIV-1 IRES activity in Staufen1 CRISPR-Cas9 gene edited cells. Finally, we show that the expression of Staufen1-dsRBD3 alone enhances HIV-1 IRES activity. This study provides evidence of a novel role for Staufen1 as an ITAF promoting HIV-1 vRNA IRES activity.
How Does the Strength of the Far Right Affect Ethnic Minority Political Behaviour?
Authors: Martin Nicole S 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article considers how the far right affects ethnic minority vote choice and party evaluations, using the case of the British National Party (BNP). Minorities were more likely to vote for Labour in 2010 where the BNP received more votes, and a quasi-experimental increase in the BNP’s salience also increased support for Labour. However, ethnic minority voters evaluated the Conservatives more positively when the BNP put forward a candidate or received more votes. The strength of the far right may mobilise and reinforce traditional partisan loyalties among minorities, while changing perceptions of traditionally unpopular—but mainstream—alternatives.
Nudging Emergency Department-Initiated Addiction Treatment
Authors: Butler Kelley , Chavez Tyler , Wakeman Sarah , Robertson Ted , Leifer Jessica , Barofsky Jeremy , Kao Lee-Sien , Lefkowitz Jaclyn , Dutta Sayon , Hayes Bryan , White Ben , Raja Ali , Martin Alister 
Published: November 2021

Objectives
When initiated in the Emergency Department (ED), medication for addiction treatment (MAT) with buprenorphine improves outcomes, increases engagement in addiction treatment and decreases the use of inpatient addiction treatment services. Unfortunately, initiating MAT in the ED is not yet standard practice. We assessed the impact of the addition of a multipart behavioral science-based intervention to increase opioid use disorder (OUD)-related treatments prescribed in the ED.

Methods
Our ED initiated a campaign to help ED faculty obtain their DEA-X waiver required to prescribe buprenorphine. In parallel, we implemented 2 ED-initiated buprenorphine treatment pathways. We then conducted a two-stage qualitative process informed by behavioral science to identify key barriers to physician use of the MAT protocol. Using these insights, we developed 4 behavioral science-based interventions. To assess the impact of the interventions on the number of OUD-related treatments per day among patients meeting the inclusion criteria we compared the number of OUD-related treatments per day before versus after the interventions began using t tests. Then, in our primary model, we estimated the causal effect of the behavioral interventions using a regression discontinuity in time approach.

Results
Across the entire year study period, there is an increase in OUD-related treatment after the interventions begin, driven by greater use of ambulatory referral orders. The unadjusted mean difference in any OUD treatments per day pre- versus post-intervention increased by 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.04, 1.56; P = 0.039) whereas the number of ambulatory referral orders placed increased by 0.82 (95% CI: 0.48,1.16; P < 0.001). Using the 120-day study window and an ordinary least squares regression discontinuity in time model, the 4-part intervention increased the number of patients receiving any opioid treatment in the ED by 1.6 additional treatments per day (95% CI: 0.04, 3.19; P = 0.045).

Conclusions
To support our protocol and increase the provision of ED-MAT, we implemented 1 patient-facing and 3 provider-facing interventions rooted in behavioral science principles. Our results show that this pack of behavioral science interventions increased the likelihood that ED providers offer MAT to patients with OUD.
Radiologic Outcomes of Bilateral and Unilateral Perthes Disease: A Comparative Cohort Study
Authors: Singh Kumar A. , Guddattu Vasudeva , Shah Hitesh 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:
This study was undertaken to compare the radiologic outcomes of bilateral and unilateral Perthes disease and also to evaluate the outcome of synchronous and metachronous bilateral Perthes disease.

Methods:
Of 353 children with Perthes disease followed up from presentation to healing during the last 10 years, 37 had bilateral involvement (11 synchronous and 26 metachronous onset). The radiologic outcomes of each hip of children with bilateral disease were compared with outcomes of 148 children with unilateral disease who were matched for age, sex, and treatment. Children with unilateral or bilateral diseases were treated with a proximal femoral varus derotation osteotomy if they fulfilled the criteria for surgery. The primary outcome measure was the shape of the femoral head at healing assessed by the Sphericity Deviation Score (SDS).

Results:
The children with bilateral disease were younger than those with unilateral disease (6.2 vs. 7.03 y; P<0.001), and they had a longer duration of the disease. All other characteristics of bilateral and unilateral cases were similar. The SDS values of unilateral and bilateral disease were comparable, as were the SDS of synchronous and metachronous bilateral disease. The effect of early surgery on the evolution of the disease in bilateral cases was similar to that reported in unilateral disease. The age of onset of the disease alone influenced the SDS in bilateral cases.

Conclusion:
The age at onset of the bilateral disease is lower, the duration of the disease longer than that of unilateral disease, but the disease outcome is similar.
Decrease in Residual Neurological Symptoms After Institutional Changes in Peripheral Nerve Block Use for Pediatric Knee Surgery
Authors: Xu Amy L. , Lee R. Jay 
Published: November 2021

Background:Peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) have recently been associated with a higher incidence of complications than previously thought. We compared: (1) incidence of PNB-related residual neurological symptoms and (2) patient selection, operative practices, and anesthesia practices for pediatric knee surgery patients before and after changes in PNB administration at our institution.Methods:We compared data from pediatric patients who underwent knee surgery with PNBs from 2014 to 2016 (cohort 1; 100 patients) or 2017 to 2019 (cohort 2; 104 patients). Cohort 2 was treated after PNB administration was limited to a dedicated anesthesia block team at our institution. We usedttests and χ2tests, with an α level of 0.05.Results:The incidence of PNB-related neurological complications was lower in cohort 2 (0.96%;) than cohort 1 (6%) (P=0.045). The 1 complication in cohort 2 was numbness proximal to the knee. Cohort 1 had 5 cases of numbness proximal to the knee and 1 case of neuropathic pain upon palpation of the PNB site. The proportion of female patients was greater in cohort 2 (57%) than cohort 1 (36%) (P=0.01); age and body mass index did not differ between cohorts. In cohort 2, the mean operating time was longer, and tourniquets were used more frequently (both,P<0.01). A greater proportion of PNBs were performed by fellows in cohort 2 (67%) versus cohort 1 (55%) (P=0.01). A smaller proportion of PNBs were performed by residents in cohort 2 (6.9%) versus cohort 1 (16%) (P=0.01). The most common anatomic site for PNBs was the femoral nerve (51%) in cohort 1 and the saphenous nerve (51%) in cohort 2 (P<0.01).Conclusions:The incidence of PNB-related complications after pediatric knee surgery decreased significantly after institutional changes in the regulation of PNB use. This decrease may be explained by shifts toward more experienced providers administering PNBs and preference for more distal anatomic sites, suggesting ways other institutions may lower their PNB complication rates.Level of Evidence:Level III—retrospective prognostic study.
Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Chinese Patients with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mei Zhu , Song Haixu , Tian Xiaoxiang , Liu Dan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objective:
Fish oil (FO) contains omega-3 that inhibits inflammation and blood lipid metabolism, giving it a protective cardiovascular effect. Due to dietary habits, a majority of large-scale clinical trials examining FO and cardiovascular health have been conducted in the Caucasian populations. However, the effects of FO on cardiovascular inflammation indicators and blood lipid metabolism in the Chinese population remain unclear. This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis to elucidate the impact of FO on cardiovascular health in the Chinese population.

Methods:
Web searches were utilized to locate records of clinical trials related to cardiovascular health and consumption of FO capsules or fish containing omega-3 in several databases, including PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and ClinicalTrial.gov, etc. We obtained lipid metabolism and related proinflammatory markers as the study outcome. We used Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 16 for the statistical analysis. If the I
2 ≥ 30%, a random effects model was used, and if the I
2 < 30%, a fixed effects model was used.

Results:
Twenty eligible trials were shortlisted from >1000 records. The meta-analysis revealed that supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid reduced systolic blood pressure by 1.88  mmHg (95% CI: −4.97 to −1.20, P = 0.23), diastolic blood pressure by 0.86  mmHg (95% CI: −1.79 to 0.06, P = 0.07), fasting blood glucose by 0.05 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.16 to 0.06, P = 0.40), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol by 0.12  mmol/L (95% CI: −0.23 to −0.01, P = 0.04), when compared to placebo. However, these supplements increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol by 0.03  mmol/L (95% CI: 0.01 to 0.05, P < 0.001), when compared to placebo. Dose subgroup analyses examining total cholesterol found that the low-dose group (mean difference = −0.44, 95% CI: −0.55 to −0.34, P < 0.001) demonstrated the best results. Further, results from dose subgroup analyses showed that the all-dose group demonstrated a decrease in tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) levels among the study subjects, when compared to other groups.

Conclusions:
Consumption of FO containing omega-3 fatty acids in the Chinese population can improve lipid metabolism and reduce levels of proinflammatory markers. Therefore, it is necessary to vigorously promote the benefits of consuming FO to prevent cardiovascular diseases throughout China.
Long Noncoding RNAs Testis Development Related Gene 1 Aggravates Transforming Growth Factor-β1–Induced Fibrogenesis and Inflammatory Response of Cardiac Fibroblasts Via miR-605-3p/Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily-21 Axis
Authors: Cheng Jinghua , Tang Yi , Cai Xiaomin , Gong Jianbin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Heart failure is mainly caused by a decline in the systolic function of the heart. Long noncoding RNAs are related to cardiac diseases. This study aimed to explore the effects of long noncoding RNAs testis development related gene 1 (TDRG1) on the fibrogenesis and inflammatory response of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1)-stimulated human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs). Levels of proinflammatory cytokines were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to reveal the expression levels of TDRG1, miR-605-3p, and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF21). Western blot analysis was prepared to detect protein levels of TNFRSF21 and fibrosis-related genes. Luciferase reporter assay was conducted for confirming the interaction between miR-605-3p and TDRG1/TNFRSF21. We found that TGF-β1–stimulated HCFs showed high concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and increased protein levels of fibrosis-related genes, suggesting the dysfunctions of TGF-β1–stimulated HCFs. In addition, TDRG1 was upregulated in TGF-β1–stimulated HCFs. We found that interfering with TDRG1 alleviated dysfunctions of TGF-β1–stimulated HCFs. Moreover, TDRG1 bound with miR-605-3p. MiR-605-3p exerted the antifibrogenic and anti-inflammatory effects in TGF-β1–treated HCFs. As a target gene of miR-605-3p, TNFRSF21 reversed the antifibrogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of TDRG1 knockdown in TGF-β1–treated HCFs. Overall, our study confirmed that TDRG1 aggravates fibrogenesis and inflammatory response in TGF-β1–treated HCFs via the miR-605-3p/TNFRSF21 axis.
Current Perspectives of the Use of Sodium–Glucose Transport-2 Inhibitors for Patients With Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Vider Etty , Sapir Ravit , Mosseri Eli , Gavioli Elizabeth 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2 inhibitors) are a relatively new class of drugs approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In 2021, the American College of Cardiology recommended the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure (HF), with or without type 2 diabetes, because of their morbidity and mortality benefits. The review provides an overview of the efficacy and safety of SGLT-2 inhibitors in HF and chronic kidney disease (CKD). We review the existing literature for SGLT-2 inhibitors by searching PubMed.gov using the keywords SGLT-2 inhibitors, HF, and CKD. A clinical treatment pathway is provided to help guide clinicians in choosing an SGLT-2 inhibitor for their patients with chronic HF and CKD.
The State of Diversity in Academic Plastic Surgery Faculty across North America
Authors: Chawla Sahil , Chawla Amey , Hussain Mehwish , Karimuddin Ahmer A. , Khosa Faisal 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Gender and racial disparity is prevalent in all surgical subspecialties with women and racial groups historically underrepresented in academic plastic surgery. This study evaluated gender and racial profiles of academic plastic surgery faculty in North America and correlated both with research productivity and its effect on academic ranks of faculty in plastic surgery.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, we compiled a list of accredited medical schools that offer plastic surgery training for residency. Data were collected on demographics, academic rank, and research output using the Doximity, LinkedIn, and Scopus databases. Data analyses were performed with a Mann-Whitney U test and a Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results:
Women who were black, indigenous, and/or other color occupied only 6.25% of plastic surgery faculty leadership positions in North America. There are more women and underrepresented minorities in leadership positions in Canada, when compared with the USA, relative to each country’s demographic. In both countries, women and underrepresented minority plastic surgeons had fewer publications, citations, and years of active research. Interestingly, having women in leadership positions was associated with a higher number of women faculty members.

Conclusions:
Gender and racial disparity exist in academic plastic surgery in North America. Several changes are required in order for women and underrepresented minorities in medicine to have an equal chance at career advancement. Better representation and diverse leadership have the potential to bring about equity, diversity, and inclusion in academic plastic surgery.
Frontal Cranioplasty with Vascularized Split-iliac Crest Bone Flap
Authors: Baudoin Morgan E. , Palines Patrick A. , Stalder Mark W. 
Published: November 2021

Summary:
Defects of the frontal bone require thoughtful consideration of reconstructive material to satisfy the aesthetic and functional demands of the region, as well as the anatomic adjacency to the frontal sinus. Some cases may be further complicated by a suboptimal operative field due to prior radiation, reconstructive procedures, or infection. Vascularized bone offers an ideal option to successfully reconstruct bony defects in harsh wound beds. Here, we report the case of a 47-year-old man with adenoid cystic carcinoma who underwent secondary reconstruction of the frontal bone with a split-iliac crest bone flap based on the deep circumflex iliac artery. The patient’s course following an initial ablative procedure was complicated by recurrent periorbital cellulitis, radiation, and eventual recurrence of the malignancy. Reconstructive requirements included restoration of the superior orbital rim, cranialization of the frontal sinus, and reconstruction of a sizeable frontal bone defect. In this setting, the iliac crest served as an excellent reconstructive option owing to its natural curvature and large surface area. The split-iliac crest deep circumflex iliac artery bone flap offers a robust and valuable reconstructive option for calvarial defects in hostile surgical fields.