bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thick-Wall Elastic Collapse for Casing Design
Authors: Mitchell Robert F. 
Published: June 2021

Summary
Elastic collapse is an important piece of the tubular collapse formulation in API TR 5C3 (2008) and ISO/TR 10400 (2007). Elastic collapse is significant because it is independent of the strength of the tubing; for example, K-55 and Q-125 have the same resistance to elastic collapse. Advanced collapse models, such as Klever and Tamano (2006), require a thick-wall collapse result as part of their formulation.
What effect would a thick wall have on elastic collapse? There really is no way to tell from the classic formulation. The primary issue is whether the elastic collapse formula overpredicts or underpredicts collapse pressure. The developers of the API collapse equation thought the thin-wall equation overpredicted collapse pressure and put in terms to reduce the predictions. Other studies suggested the opposite effect.
What is needed is a formulation that is based on an elastic solution for a thick-wall cylinder, but that can derive the classic solution for a thin wall.
The elastic equations for a thick-walled cylinder exist, known as the Kirsch equations (Kirsch 1898). A new set of physically reasonable boundary conditions is proposed for the Kirsch equation, which is then used to determine the collapse resistance for a thick-wall pipe. This result also yields the classic result in the limit as t/D becomes small.
The thick-wall elastic collapse formula is then applied to the standard API TR 5C3 (2008) collapse formulation and to the Klever-Tamano formulation (Klever and Tamano 2006).
Essential Self-adjointness of Differential Operators on Riemannian Manifolds
Authors: Atia Hany , Donia Hassan Abu , Emam Hala 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper we have studied the essential self-adjointness for the differential operator of the form: T=Δ⁸+V, on sections of a Hermitian vector bundle over a complete Riemannian manifold, with the potential V satisfying a bound from below by a non-positive function depending on the distance from a point. We give sufficient condition for the essential self-adjointness of such differential operator on Riemannian Manifolds.
Analgesic Efficacy of Single-Shot Adductor Canal Block Before Versus After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Heller Snir , Shemesh Shai , Rukinglaz Oleg , Cohen Nir , Velkes Steven , Fein Shai 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with severe postoperative pain. Multimodal analgesia, including peripheral nerve block, is recommended for post-operative pain relief. Administration of some pain medications prior to surgery has shown to be more effective than after the operation. This is a prospective, randomized controlled trial designed to compare the analgesic efficacy of the adductor canal block (ACB) performed immediately before or immediately after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We hypothesized that ACB before the surgery will reduce postoperative pain and improve knee function.Methods: A total of 50 patients were enrolled and randomized into 2 groups, with 26 patients receiving a preoperative ACB and 24 receiving a postoperative ACB. Results: Treatment groups were similar in terms of gender (p=0.83), age (p=0.61) weight (p=0.39) and ASA score. Average visual analogue scale (VAS) on arrival to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) were 4.9±3.2 in the preoperative ACB versus 3.4±2.8 for the postoperative ACB (p=0.075). VAS scores at different time points as well as the mean, minimal and maximal reported VAS scores were not significantly different between the two groups. The cumulative quantities of Fentanyl administered by the anesthesia team was comparable between the groups. Similarly, the dosage of Morphine, Tramadol, Acetaminophen and Dipyrone showed only small variations. The Quality of Recovery Score, Knee Society Scores and knee range of motion did not differ between the groups. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate no significant differences in patient total narcotics consumption, pain scores and functional scores, between preoperative and postoperative ACB in patients undergoing TKA. Trial Registration: The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov and was assigned the registration number NCT02908711Level of Evidence: level I randomized controlled trial
Design of Therapeutic Education Workshops for Home Heamodialysis in a Patient-Centered CKD Research: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Guerraoui Abdallah. , Galland Roula. , Belkahla-Delabruyere Flora , Didier Odile , Berger Veronique. , Sauvajon Pierre. , Serve Christian. , Zuriaga Jean charles. , Riquier Fréderic , Caillette-Beaudoin Agnes 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Rationale & Objective: A quarter of the patients did not receive any information on any modality before the start of Renal Remplacement Therapy (RRT). We have therapeutic education workshops for all RRT except for home heamodialysis (HHD). We aimed to identify and describe the needs of patients and caregivers for RRT with HHD. Lastly, to conceive and carry out a Therapeutic Education Workshop. Setting & Participants: Two sequential methods of qualitative data collection were undertaken: (1) interviews with a patient who had been on HHD and a doctor specialized in HHD (2) semi-structured interviews with HHD patients in our center. Analytic Approach: Thematic analysis. Results: We identified six themes related to the barriers, facilitators, and potential solutions to home dialysis therapy: (1) HHD allows autonomy and freedom with constraints, (2) safety of the care environment, (3) the caregiver and family environment, (4) patient’s experience and experiential knowledge, (5) self-treatment experience - Impact on life, and (6) factors that impact the choice of treatment with HHD.We designed a model for a therapeutic education workshop in a group of patients and caregivers. . Conclusions: Our study confirmed previous results obtained about the major barriers, facilitators, and potential solutions to HHD. There are three important points regarding HHD: (1) the impact of the HHD on the caregiver, (2) the experience of patients already treated with HHD, and (3) the role of nurses and nephrologists in informing and educating. A program to develop patient-to-patient peer mentorship, allowing patients to discuss their dialysis experience, would be invaluable.
A situational analysis of child and adolescent mental health services and systems in the Western Cape Province of South Africa
Authors: Mokitimi Stella , Schneider Marguerite , de Vries Petrus J 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background:

Child and Adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and systems need strengthening globally. This requires knowledge of the hardware elements of the system (human resources, financing, medicines, technology, organisational structure, service infrastructure, and information systems). This study sought to examine these elements of CAMHS in the Western Cape Province of South Africa
Methods:

The World Health Organization Assessment Instrument of Mental Health Systems (WHO-AIMS) version 2.2 of 2005 was adapted to identify key variables of interest in CAMHS. Data were collected for the calendar year 2016 and focused on the public health sector. We outlined findings based on best available data across the six domains of the WHO-AIMS.
Results:

In domain 1, we found no provincial CAMHS policy or implementation plans to support the national CAMHS policy, and were unable to identify a CAMHS-specific budget. In domain 2, there was no dedicated provincial leadership structure for CAMHS, and no dedicated or ‘child- and adolescent-friendly’ mental health services at primary or secondary care levels. At tertiary level, there were only three specialist CAMH teams. The majority of CAMHS resources were based in the City of Cape Town, with limited resources in the rural districts. Essential medicines were available in all facilities, and the majority of children and adolescents had access to free services. In domain 3, data were limited about the extent of training offered to primary healthcare staff, and little or no psychosocial interventions were available in primary care. Domain 4 identified a small and variable CAMHS workforce across all levels of care. In domain 5 few public health campaigns focused on CAMH, and little evidence of formal intersectorial collaboration on CAMHS was identified. Domain 6 identified significant limitations in health information systems for CAMHS, including lack of child- and adolescent-specific and disaggregated data to establish baselines for policy development, monitoring, evaluation and CAMHS research.
Conclusions:

This study identified significant structural weaknesses in CAMHS and present a clear call for action to strengthen services and systems in the province and in South Africa. it would be important to expand research also to include provider and user perspectives for service-strengthening.
Proteomics Analysis of Differential Expression of Lung Proteins In Response To Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Infection In Chicken
Authors: Vijayakumar Periyasamy , Raut Ashwin Ashok , Chingtham Santhalembi , Murugkar Harshad V , Kulkarni Diwakar D. , Singh Vijendra Pal , Mishra Anamika 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Elucidation of molecular pathogenesis underlying virus-host interaction is important for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) infection in chicken. However, chicken HPAI viral pathogenesis is not completely understood. To elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways and critical host proteins associated with influenza pathogenesis, we characterized the lung proteome of chicken infected with HPAI H5N1 virus (A/duck/India/02CA10/2011/Agartala). The chicken mass spectra data sets comprised1, 47, 451 MS scans and 19, 917 MS/MS scans. At local FDR 5% level, we identified total 3313 chicken proteins with presence of at least one unique peptide. At 12 hrs, 247 proteins are downregulated while 1754 proteins are downregulated at 48 hrs indicating that the host has succumbed to infection. There is expression of proteins of the predominant signaling pathways, such as TLR, RLR, NLR and JAK-STAT signaling. Activation of these pathways is associated with cytokine storm effect and thus may be the cause of severity of HPAI H5N1 infection in chicken. Further we identified proteins like MyD88, IKBKB, IRAK4, RELA, and MAVS involved in the critical signaling pathways and some other novel proteins (HNF4A, ELAVL1, FN1, COPS5, CUL1, BRCA1 and FYN) as main hub proteins that might play important roles in influenza pathogenesis in chicken. Taken together, we characterized the signaling pathways and the proteomic determinants responsible for disease pathogenesis in chicken infected with HPAI H5N1 virus.
Symptoms and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Suzuki Nana , Okuyama Toru , Akechi Tatsuo , Kusumoto Shigeru , Ri Masaki , Inagaki Atsushi , Kayukawa Satoshi , Yano Hiroki , Yoshida Takashi , Shiraga Kazuhide , Hashimoto Hiroya , Aiki Sayo , Iida Shinsuke 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Cross-sectional observational studies indicate that patients with multiple myeloma (MM) experience negative physical and psychological symptoms and low health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The study aim was to determine symptom prevalence, symptom trajectories, HRQOL, and symptoms associated with HRQOL in patients with MM.
Methods
This multicenter longitudinal cohort study was conducted in four hospitals in Japan. Patients with newly diagnosed MM were asked to report their symptom intensity and HRQOL using validated questionnaires at three points: at diagnosis (T1), 1 month (T2), and 12 months after diagnosis (T3). Symptoms associated with HRQOL were explored using a mixed-effect model.
Results
A total of 106 patients completed the assessment at T1. The most frequently reported symptoms were pain and disturbed sleep at T1; pain and dry mouth at T2; and fatigue, numbness or tingling, and pain at T3. Three symptom trajectory patterns were identified: a peak at T1 and reduction over time (pain, disturbed sleep, distress, lack of appetite, sadness, depression), a peak at T2 (fatigue, drowsiness, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting), and a V-shaped pattern (shortness of breath, numbness or tingling, difficulty remembering). Pain, depression, and gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly associated with HRQOL.
Conclusion
The finding that more than 30% of MM patients experienced pain and various symptoms indicates that patients had substantial palliative care needs within a year after starting initial chemotherapy. Different symptom trajectories were identified. Pain, depression, and gastrointestinal symptoms should be the main targets of palliative care interventions to improve HRQOL in this population.
An Efficient Simultaneous Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim by Photoelectro-Fenton Process Under Non-Modified pH Using a Natural Citric Acid Source: Study of Biodegradability, Ecotoxicity and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Delgado-Vargas Carlos Andrés , Espinosa-Barrera Paula Andrea , Villegas-Guzman Paola , Martínez-Pachón Diana , Moncayo-Lasso Alejandro 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this work, the photoelectro-Fenton system was evaluated as an alternative for the degradation of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim at unmodified pH by using citric acid present in extracts from a natural source as organic residues (orange and lemon peels). The addition of natural citric acid showed an efficient degradation of the antibiotics similarly to the efficiency by adding commercial reagent citric acid. The observed high efficiencies and rate constants are attributed to the increment of ferrous ion in the solution due to the fast conversion of iron form its ferric to ferrous state leading to the Fenton reaction and so increasing the hydroxyl radicals production. Although the addition of citric acid present in the extracts slightly increases the organic matter of the solutions, the degradation of the antibiotics was achieved simultaneously and efficiently, converting the photoelectro-Fenton process with the addition of natural citric acid into an alternative ecological system and sustainable for water contaminated with pharmaceutics. Additionally, the high biodegradable character and low ecotoxicity of the treated solutions were determined by a modified Zahn Wellens test and a bioassay with D. magna, respectively. Finally, simultaneous degradation of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim was reached after only 45 min of treatment in which the antibacterial activity was completely eliminated, suggesting that degradation products do not represent any environmental risk nor human health.
WITHDRAWN: A FoxM1/lncRNA PTTG3P/YAP1 Positive Feedback Loop Controls Colorectal Cancer Progression
Authors: zheng Yang , yu Guilin , Liu Yiyang , Xie Longfei , Ge Jinnian , wang Yue , Zhao Guohua 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Pseudogenes are vital regulators of cancer progression. PTTG3P biological function in colorectal cancer (CRC) needs further to be clarified. Methods qRT-PCR was adopted to measure the PTTG3P expression. Functional studies were examined by CCK-8, glucose uptake, lactate assay, ATP assay, ECAR assay and xenograft mice model. The mechanism of PTTG3P was carried by GSEA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase assay were explored to certify the binding activity between PTTG3P promoter region and FoxM1. Results Ectopic expression of PTTG3P was involved in CRC and related to dismal prognosis. Experimental evidence discovered that PTTG3P enhanced cell proliferation and glycolysis through YAP1 and regulated FoxM1(Hippo pathway target gene). Further, LDHA knockdown or glycolysis inhibitor (2-DG,3-BG) recovered PTTG3P-induced proliferation. Mechanically, FoxM1 increase PTTG3P expression at transcription level and the PTTG3P promoter region of -900 to -1200 nt is necessary for binding with FoxM1, thus forming a positive feedback loop to facilitates the CRC progression. Additionally, FoxM1 depletion could rescue the PTTG3P function. Conclusions A FoxM1/lncRNA PTTG3P/YAP1 positive feedback loop plays a vital part in CRC progression, and targeting FoxM1, PTTG3P and YAP1 provides therapeutic targets for CRC treatment.
Methylprednisolone Treatment Versus Standard Supportive Care for Adult Covid19 Mechanically Ventilated, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients
Authors: Rahman Masood Ur , Nair Satish Chandra , Din Mehraj Ud , Dar Mohd , Masood Murriam , Sreedha Jayadevan , Almenhali Alreem , Alnuaimi Mouza , Gasmelseed Huda , Khan Asad 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A myriad of symptoms presented by severely ill mechanically ventilated Covid19 patients has added pressure on the caregivers to explore therapeutic options. Systemic steroids have been reported to therapeutically benefit patients with elevated inflammatory markers, during the severe acute respiratory syndrome, and the Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak. Covid19 disease is characterized by inflammation of the respiratory system and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Given the lack of specific treatment for Covid19, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the therapeutic benefit of methylprednisolone as an add-on treatment for mechanically ventilated hospitalized COVID19 patients with severe covid pneumonia. Data was collected retrospectively from the electronic patient medical records, and inter-rater reliability was determined to limit selection bias. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyze the data. The variables were cross-tabulated with the clinical outcome and the Chi-Square test used to determine association between the outcomes and other independent variables. Patients. Sixty-one percent (43/70) of the Covid19 ARDS patients received standard supportive care, and the remainder were administered. methylprednisolone (40 mg daily to 40 mg q 6 hours). A 28-day all-cause mortality rate, in the methylprednisolone group was 18% (5/27, p < 0.01) significantly lower, compared to the group receiving standard supportive care (51%, 22/43). The median number of days, for the hospital length of stay (18 days), ICU-length of stay (9.5 days), and the number of days intubated (6 days) for the methylprednisolone treated group was significantly lower (p < 0.01), when compared with the standard supportive care group. Methylprednisolone treatment also reduced the C-reactive protein levels, compared to the standard care group on day 7. Our results strengthen the evidence for the role of steroids in reducing mortality, ICU LOS, and ventilator days in mechanically ventilated Covid 19 patients with respiratory distress syndrome.
Inhibition of the IL-17A axis Protects against Immune-related Adverse Events while
Supporting Checkpoint Inhibitor Anti-tumor Efficacy
Authors: Lechner Melissa , Patel Anushi , Hugo Willy , Angell Trevor , Chen Ho-Chung , Pioso Marissa , Hoang Aline , Yakobian Natalie , McCarthy Ethan , Rodriguez Eduardo , Cheng Mandy , Guo Lily , Drakaki Alexandra , Ribas Antoni , Su Marueen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy leverages the body’s own immune system to attack cancer cells but leads to unwanted autoimmune side effects in up to 60% of patients. Such immune related adverse events (IrAE) lead to treatment interruption, permanent organ dysfunction, hospitalization and premature death. Thyroiditis is one of the most common IrAE, but the cause of thyroid IrAE remains unknown. Here we present a novel mouse model in which checkpoint inhibitor therapy leads to multi-organ autoimmune infiltrates and show that activation and infiltration of Type 3 immune cells including IL17A+ RORγt+ CD4+ (T helper 17 or Th17) and gamma delta 17 (γδT17) T cells promote thyroid IrAE development. In parallel, Th17 and γδT17 cells were similarly expanded in cancer patients treated with ICI. Furthermore, antibody-based inhibition of IL-17A, a clinically available therapy, significantly reduced thyroid IrAE development in ICI-treated mice. Finally, combination of IL-17A neutralization with ICI treatment in a mouse tumor model did not reduce ICI anti-tumor efficacy and indeed showed a trend toward enhancement. These studies suggest that targeting Th17 and γδ17 function may reduce IrAE without impairing ICI anti-tumor efficacy and may be a generalizable strategy to address IL17-mediated IrAE.
Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Verification of A Cable-Driven Continuum Manipulator With Cable-Constrained Synchronous Rotating Mechanisms
Authors: Zheng Xudong , Yang Taiwei , Zhu Xianjin , Chen Zhang , Wang Xueqian , Liang Bin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The cable-driven segmented manipulator with cable-constrained synchronous rotating mechanisms (CCSRM) is a new type of continuum manipulator, which has large stiffness and less motors, and thus exhibits excellent comprehensive performance. This paper presents a dynamic modeling method for this type of manipulator to analyze the friction and deformation of the cables on the dynamical behaviors of the system. First, the driving cables are modeled based on the ALE formulation, the strategies for detecting stick-slip transitions are proposed by using a trial-and-error algorithm, and the stiff problems of the dynamic equations are released by a model smoothing method. Second, the dynamic modeling method for rigid links is presented by using quaternion parameters. Third, the connecting cables are modeled by torsional spring-dampers and the frictions between the connecting cables and the conduits are considered based on a modified Coulomb friction model. Finally, the numerical results are presented and verified by comparing with experiment results. The study shows that the friction and cable deformation play an important role in the dynamical behaviors of the manipulator. Due to these two factors, the constant curvature bending of the segments does not remain.
Changing To Removable Casts During The Coronavirus Pandemic – Has It Affected Outcomes For Distal Radius Fractures?
Authors: Newman Samuel , Singh Amit , Ramesh Ashwanth , Mahomed Ebrahim , Millar Timothy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: BOAST (British Orthopaedic Association Standards for Trauma & Orthopaedics) guidelines recommended that during the coronavirus pandemic most upper limb fractures should be treated conservatively, and removable casts should be used, where possible. As a result, our district general hospital started using a new soft combination (soft-combi) casting technique for conservative management of distal radius fractures (DRFs) in an attempt to reduce follow-up attendances.Aims: To assess if radiological outcomes of soft-combi casts are better or worse than previously used rigid casts for DRFs.Methods: 20 DRFs treated with soft-combi casts were compared with 20 DRFs treated with the old rigid cast types. Radiological parameters were measured pre-manipulation, post-manipulation, at 2-week follow-up, and at final follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed to assess for significant differences seen at follow-up between the groups.Results: The mean loss of volar angulation seen at 2-week follow-up was 4.9 degrees for the rigid casts vs. 1.5 degrees for the soft-combi casts (p=0.158). The mean loss of radial height after 2 weeks was 0.2 mm vs 0.5 mm (p=0.675), and the mean loss of radial inclination was 2.0 degrees vs 1.0 degrees (p=0.349), respectively.Conclusion: The soft-combi casts appeared to be equally effective at maintaining the reduction of DRFs compared to their rigid counterparts, as no statistically significant difference was seen in our study. We can be reassured that continued use of these removable casts in the current climate is unlikely to have a detrimental effect on outcomes for DRFs.