bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retracted: An efficient medical image super resolution based on piecewise linear regression strategy using domain transform filtering
Authors: Lepcha Dawa Chyophel , Goyal Bhawna , Dogra Ayush , Wang Shui‐Hua 
Published: October 2021

SummaryHigh quality medical images are expected for the detailed analysis in medical diagnostic system. However, spatial resolution of medical images mostly suffers from the factors such as medical equipment and time constraints. Despite these limitations, a well‐designed super‐resolution (SR) algorithm will help to improve the resolution of the medical images for medical diagnosis. When comparing to upgrade medical equipment, the adaptation of SR algorithms as a post‐processing method after medical imaging gives the benefits of lower cost and superior performance. This article proposes a piecewise linear regression system for learning image specific low‐to‐high resolution mapping via domain transform filtering and weighted least squares (WLS) optimization framework. We initially employed a WLS optimization framework for gradually coarsen the original input images and extract the multi‐scale information by constructing edge‐preserving multi‐scale decompositions. Then, with the aim of adequately preserving the edges of the medical images, we utilize a recursive filtering in transform domain. The Hadamard patterns generated from low‐resolution training patches are then used to classify the LR–HR training patch pairs into different classes. In the end, the piecewise linear regression system is utilized to learn the mapping relationship between LR space to HR space for each class, which is subsequently utilized to obtain desired HR image. In the context of quantitative metrices and qualitative analysis, our proposed method generates high‐quality medical images as compares to other existing state‐of‐the‐art SR methods.
Designing a multi‐layer full‐adder using a new three‐input majority gate based on quantum computing
Authors: Seyedi Saeid , Jafari Navimipour Nima 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecently, quantum dot‐cellular automata (QCA) has fascinated much attention because of its potential less area consumption, low power usage, less intricacy, and low delay. The full‐adder circuit is used in this technology for several procedures, like multiplication, subtraction, and division in the arithmetic logic unit. For this reason, the full‐adder is generally investigated as a central unit in the development of QCA technology. The present investigation demonstrates a new efficient QCA‐based full‐adder layout utilizing the TIEO gate and new 3‐input majority gate. In this design, the inputs get inside one side, and the outputs are derived from another circuit side. Other cells do not embrace the output and input signals, and they may simply be available, helping produce a more impressive circuit layout. Concretely speaking, in this design, the 0.02 μm2 region and the latency of the 0.5 clock cycle have been implemented using only 18 cells. Utilizing the QCADesigner tool, the suggested design in the current investigation has been functionally approved. The simulation outcomes show that this layout conducts properly and works faster than the oldest designs.
Probing Adsorption of Dipeptides on Anatase in H2O and D2O: Thermodynamics and Molecular Geometry
Authors: Korina Elena , Naifert Sergey , Palko Nadezhda , Grishina Maria , Potemkin Vladimir , Morozov Roman , Adawy Alaa , Merono Rafael , Avdin Vyacheslav , Schelokov Artyom , Popov Vadim , Bol'shakov Oleg 
Published: October 2021

AbstractConsidering the vast importance of peptide and protein interactions with inorganic surfaces, probing hydrogen bonding during their adsorption on metal oxide surfaces is a relevant task that could shed light on the essential features of their interplay. This work is devoted to studying the dipeptides’ adsorption on anatase nanoparticles (ANs) in light and heavy water to reveal differences arising upon the change of the major hydrogen bonding carrier. Thermodynamic study of six native dipeptides’ adsorption on ANs in both media shows a strong influence of the solvent on the Gibbs free energy and the effect of side‐chain mobile protons on the entropy of the process. The adsorption is endothermic irrespective of the medium and is entropy‐driven. Computer simulations of peptide adsorption in both media shows similarity in binding via an amino group and demonstrates structural features of protonated and deuterated peptides in obtained complexes. Calculated peptide‐ anatase nanoparticle (AN) descriptors indicate surface oxygens as points of peptide‐nanoparticle contacts.
MPSA: A real‐time collaborative scheduling algorithm for wireless rechargeable sensor networks
Authors: Wang Kun , Zeng Gang , Wang Lei , Yang Ziyu 
Published: October 2021

SummaryIn this paper, we mainly focus on the influence of network partitioning on the network and develop a new Multi‐chargers region Partition charging Scheduling Algorithm (MPSA) based on network information. By studying the influence of the different number of partitions and partition mode on the whole sensor networks, and simultaneously comparing different MCs scheduling algorithms from multiple perspectives, such as the effective energy usage efficiency and the survival rate of sensor nodes in the whole network, the superiority of Multi‐chargers region Partition charging Scheduling Algorithm (MPSA) scheduling strategy and the rationality and necessity of layered mechanism are proven. Simulations are conducted to verify the advantages of our scheme, revealing that our scheme outperforms in terms of dead node number, energy usage efficiency, and so on.
Merkel cell carcinoma presenting as a malignant pleural effusion post‐COVID‐19 hospitalization: A case report and literature review
Authors: Lanceta Joel , Toprak Mesut , Rosca Oana C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, highly aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, associated with immunosuppression, UV light exposure, and the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Cases of metastatic MCC diagnosed in body fluid cytology are extremely rare; only five cases have been reported previously in the English literature. We present a case of a 65‐year‐old male with acute respiratory failure and an enlarged right pleural effusion. He had two hospitalizations for COVID‐19 pneumonia 2 months prior, for which he received steroid treatment and tocilizumab. Emergent thoracentesis was done, with pleural fluid sent for cytologic evaluation. Both the Papanicolaou stained ThinPrep slide and cell block demonstrated clusters of predominantly small to medium sized blue round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, scant cytoplasm and fine chromatin, in a background of rare mesothelial cells, macrophages and numerous lymphocytes. Tumor cells were positive for CD56, chromogranin, synaptophysin, SAT2B, MCPyV, and CK20 in perinuclear dot like pattern, while negative for TTF‐1 and CD45 immunostains. Ki67 proliferative index was approximately 40%. The patient had a history of MCC of the right ulnar forearm 4 years before the current presentation, which was unknown to us at the time of cytologic evaluation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the sixth case of metastatic MCC diagnosed by fluid cytology and the first reported in a patient receiving immunosuppressive treatment for COVID‐19. Further reporting of such cases may increase awareness, especially when prior history is not readily available, such as in our case.
Immune response differs between intralymphatic or subcutaneous administration of GAD‐alum in individuals with recent onset type 1 diabetes
Authors: Dietrich Fabrícia , Barcenilla Hugo , Tavira Beatriz , Wahlberg Jeanette , Achenbach Peter , Ludvigsson Johnny , Casas Rosaura 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimsImmunomodulation with autoantigens potentially constitutes a specific and safe treatment for type 1 diabetes (T1D). Studies with GAD‐alum administrated subcutaneously have shown to be safe, but its efficacy has been inconclusive. Administration of GAD‐alum into the lymph nodes, aimed to optimise antigen presentation, has shown promising results in an open‐label clinical trial. Herein, we compared the immune response of the individuals included in the trial with a group who received GAD‐alum subcutaneously in a previous study.Materials and methodsSamples from T1D individuals collected 15 months after administration of either three doses 1 month apart of 4 μg GAD‐alum into lymph nodes (LN, n = 12) or two doses 1 month apart of 20 μg subcutaneously (SC, n = 12) were studied. GADA, GADA subclasses, GAD65‐induced cytokines, peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation, and T cells markers were analysed.ResultsLow doses of GAD‐alum into the lymph nodes induced higher GADA levels than higher doses administrated subcutaneously. Immune response in the LN group was characterised by changes in GADA subclasses, with a relative reduction of IgG1 and enhanced IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 proportion, higher GAD65‐induced secretion of IL‐5, IL‐10, and TNF‐α, and reduction of cell proliferation and CD8+ T cells. These changes were not observed after subcutaneous (SC) injections of GAD‐alum.ConclusionsGAD‐specific immune responses 15 months after lymph node injections of GAD‐alum differed from the ones induced by SC administration of the same autoantigen.
High‐altitude adaptation in vertebrates as revealed by mitochondrial genome analyses
Authors: Wang Xibao , Zhou Shengyang , Wu Xiaoyang , Wei Qinguo , Shang Yongquan , Sun Guolei , Mei Xuesong , Dong Yuehuan , Sha Weilai , Zhang Honghai 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe high‐altitude environment may drive vertebrate evolution in a certain way, and vertebrates living in different altitude environments might have different energy requirements. We hypothesized that the high‐altitude environment might impose different influences on vertebrate mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA). We used selection pressure analyses and PIC (phylogenetic independent contrasts) analysis to detect the evolutionary rate of vertebrate mtDNA protein‐coding genes (PCGs) from different altitudes. The results showed that the ratio of nonsynonymous/synonymous substitutions (dN/dS) in the mtDNA PCGs was significantly higher in high‐altitude vertebrates than in low‐altitude vertebrates. The seven rapidly evolving genes were shared by the high‐altitude vertebrates, and only one positive selection gene (ND5 gene) was detected in the high‐altitude vertebrates. Our results suggest the mtDNA evolutionary rate in high‐altitude vertebrates was higher than in low‐altitude vertebrates as their evolution requires more energy in a high‐altitude environment. Our study demonstrates the high‐altitude environment (low atmospheric O2 levels) drives vertebrate evolution in mtDNA PCGs.
Eu3Be22N16O: A Highly Condensed Oxonitridoberyllate
Authors: Elzer Eugenia , Weidemann Martin , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe oxonitridoberyllate Eu3Be22N16O was synthesized from Eu(NH2)2, Be3N2 and BeO in a W crucible under N2 atmosphere in a radio‐frequency furnace at 1400 °C. The crystal structure was solved and refined from X‐ray diffraction data (C2/c (no. 15), a=20.620(2), b=8.722(6), c=17.506(2) Å, β=120.782(3)°) and confirmed with Rietveld refinement methods as well as lattice‐energy calculations (Madelung part of lattice energy, MAPLE). Eu3Be22N16O consists of a rigid network of edge‐sharing BeX4 (X=N, O) tetrahedra and trigonal‐planar BeN3 units resulting in a high degree of condensation κ=1.29. The charge of the anionic network is compensated by Eu2+. Magnetic susceptibility measurements exhibit Curie‐Weiss behavior above 2 K with an effective magnetic moment of 7.82 μB/f.u., which is in accordance with the theoretical value for EuII.
Thermohydraulic performance improvement and entropy generation characteristics of a microchannel heat sink cooled with new hybrid nanofluids containing ternary/binary hybrid nanocomposites
Authors: Souby M. Mohamed , Bargal Mohamed H. S. , Wang Yiping 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecently, the combination of hybrid nanofluids with microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) has led to superior heat removal from high heat flux electronics chips. The present work aimed to evaluate numerically the first and second law performances of MCHSs using the new cost‐effective binary/ternary hybrid nanofluids. Water‐based binary and ternary hybrid nanofluids include the MgO/TiO2 nanocomposite and the CuO/MgO/TiO2 nanocomposite, respectively. The effects of the hybrid nanofluid volume concentration (vol.%) and Reynolds number (Re) on the heat transfer, pressure drop, combined thermohydraulic characteristics, and entropy generation characteristics of the MCHSs are discussed. The results show that higher values of the convective heat transfer coefficient, pressure drop, and frictional entropy generation rate are obtained when using hybrid nanofluids with high Re and vol.% values. Furthermore, by increasing the Re and vol.% values of the hybrid nanofluids, the bottom wall temperature, total thermal resistance, and thermal entropy generation rate decreased, and an increased temperature uniformity was obtained on the bottom surface of the MCHSs. In conclusion, the applied hybrid nanofluids are considered to be more promising heat transfer fluids when compared with conventional fluids such as water. Particularly, the CuO/MgO/TiO2‐water ternary hybrid nanofluid exhibited a better heat transfer efficiency than did the MgO/TiO2‐water binary hybrid nanofluid.
Theoretical study on the application of isothermal compression technology in vapor‐compression refrigeration systems with an isothermal piston
Authors: Hu Yu , Xu Weiqing , Ren Teng , Cai Maolin , Yang Bo , Shi Yan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVapor‐compression refrigeration systems are widely used in refrigeration equipment. Theoretically, the process is typically divided into two isobaric processes: an adiabatic isentropic compression process and adiabatic isentropic throttling process. The refrigeration compressor is the main energy‐consuming component in vapor‐compression refrigeration systems. However, this device has a large energy loss and low overall efficiency in the adiabatic isentropic compression process. In this study, a modified vapor‐compression refrigeration cycle with an isothermal piston is proposed to realize near‐isothermal compression of a refrigerator to significantly reduce the energy loss in the compression process and improve the system performance. A real‐gas compression process model is established, and the heat transfer index Hex is set. By changing the heat transfer index Hex, the performances of the vapor‐compression refrigeration system under ideal and real compression conditions are compared and analyzed. Compared with a traditional vapor‐compression refrigeration system, the coefficient of performance of the compressor with an isothermal compression process is increased by approximately 17%. The results also demonstrate that the lower the evaporation temperature Te and higher the condensation temperature Tc, the greater the optimization effect of the isothermal compression.
Determinants of adoption of computer‐assisted audit tools and techniques among internal audit units in Ghana
Authors: Awuah Benjamin , Onumah Joseph Mensah , Duho King Carl Tornam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the determinants of adoption of computer‐assisted audit tools and techniques (CAATTs) among internal audit units in Ghana. Data for the study was drawn from a sample of 75 private and state‐owned enterprises through questionnaires while the partial least squares structural equation modeling was employed to analyze and test the hypotheses. The findings indicate that albeit CAATT adoption within internal audit units is fairly high, the actual usage in the areas of risk assessment, fraud detection, substantive testing, and analytical procedures are still low. Using the extended technology‐organization‐environment (TOE) framework, results show that CAATT behavioral intention is driven by technological readiness, organizational readiness, and environmental readiness but not personal innovativeness. In addition, CAATT behavioral intention influences CAATT adoption among the internal audit units. The findings provide valuable insights to management, heads of audit units, policymakers, and regulators on ways to improve the adoption and use of CAATT. Firms should invest more in training workshops on big data analytics, hiring more data scientists or data engineers, and equipping internal audit units with the information technology infrastructure. The paper complements prior research by applying a hierarchical component modeling technique to the extended TOE framework to investigate CAATT adoption in internal audits.
Front Cover
Authors: Lee Jae‐Hun , Carpena Nathaniel T. , Kim Sehwan , Lee Min Young , Jung Jae Yun , Choi Ji Eun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPhotobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has been introduced as noninvasive treatment modality for peripheral nerve injuries. Despite numerous reports of the positive effect of PBM on peripheral nerve regeneration, there remains no agreement on the optimal parameters to support the best therapeutic activity in facial nerve regeneration. We assessed the effects of PBM of various wavelengths on cell viability under the oxidative stress and nerve regeneration after facial nerve injuries.Further details can be found in the article by Jae‐Hun Lee, Nathaniel T. Carpena, Sehwan Kim, Min Young Lee, Jae Yun Jung, and Ji Eun Choi (e202100159)
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Inside Front Cover
Authors: Steelman Zachary A. , Coker Zachary N. , Kiester Allen , Noojin Gary , Ibey Bennett L. , Bixler Joel N. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe introduce quantitative phase imaging (QPI) as a useful tool for the study of single cells undergoing cytoskeletal remodeling after nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) exposure. In particular, we use cell swelling, dry mass and disorder strength measurements derived from QPI phase images to monitor the cellular response to nsPEFs, augmenting more traditional fluorescence‐based methods.Further details can be found in the article by Zachary A. Steelman, Zachary N. Coker, Allen Kiester, Gary Noojin, Bennett L. Ibey, and Joel N. Bixler (e202100125)
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Diaphragmatic ultrasound: Prospects as a tool to assess respiratory muscle involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Rajula Rahul Reddy , Saini Jitender , Unnikrishnan Gopikrishnan , Vengalil Seena , Nashi Saraswati , Bardhan Mainak , Huddar Akshata , Chawla Tanushree , Sindhu Dodmalur Mallikarjuna , Ganaraja Valakunja Harikrishna , Polavarapu Kiran , Preethish‐Kumar Veeramani , Kandavel Thennarasu , Sathyaprabha Talakad N. , Nalini Atchayaram 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundUltrasonography (USG) of the diaphragm is a promising alternative to pulmonary function tests (PFT) for assessing respiratory function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease (ALS/MND).MethodsWe studied 33 patients fulfilling Awaji criteria (definite = 14; probable = 12; possible = 7) and 33 age and gender‐matched controls. Diaphragm thickness was measured using USG at the end of expiration (DTex) and end of inspiration (DTin). The thickness ratio (TR) was calculated as DTin/DTex. The mean age at onset and duration were 49.73 ± 12.7 years and 13.57 ± 9.7 months, respectively. Men = 25 (75.8%); Limb onset ALS/MND = 24 patients (72.7%); bulbar onset = 9 (27.3%).ResultsCompared to controls, ALS/MND patients had reduced mean DTex (2.22 ± 0.29 mm vs. 2.02 ± 0.32 mm, p = .012) and DTin (4.0 ± 0.71 mm vs. 3.41 ± 0.38 mm, p < .001). PFTs done in 31 patients showed restrictive abnormality in 80.6%. Significant positive correlation was seen between percentage of predicted forced vital capacity (FVC%) and DTin (p = .009) and TR (p = .037) but not with DTex (p = .852). No significant correlation was seen between diaphragmatic thickness and other PFT parameters or ALSFRS scores.ConclusionThe diaphragmatic thickness showed a significant decrease in ALS/MND as compared to controls. End‐inspiratory diaphragmatic thickness and TR correlated well with %FVC. Thus, diaphragmatic USG could be a potential alternative to PFTs in assessing respiratory function in ALS/MND patients having the advantage of less patient participation and ease of performing in late stages of ALS/MND.
Soccer league optimization for load flow analysis of power systems
Authors: Srilakshmi Koganti , Babu P. Ravi , Venkatesan Yogambari , Palanivelu Aravindhababu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a generalized soccer league optimization (SLO) based load flow (LF) method suitable for both transmission and distribution systems. The LF problem is formulated as an optimization problem of lowering the sum of squares of active and reactive power mismatches at all busses, while taking the net corrections of bus voltage angles and magnitudes as unknown decision variables. The formulated problem is then solved using SLO, a population‐based algorithm imitated from the behavior of team players of soccer league competition. The performances in respect of accuracy, robustness to different line r/x ratios, and computational efficiency are studied on six standard IEEE transmission and distribution systems and the results are presented.
Perioperative parenteral fish oil supplementation improves postoperative coagulation function and outcomes in patients undergoing colectomy for ulcerative colitis
Authors: Zhang Tenghui , Li Guangke , Duan Ming , Lv Tengfei , Feng Dengyu , Lu Nan , Zhou Yan , Gu Lili , Zhu Weiming , Gong Jianfeng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveUlcerative colitis (UC) is an independent risk factor for thromboembolism, especially during the perioperative period. This study aimed to determine the effects of perioperative parenteral nutrition (PN) supplemented with fish oil (FO) on coagulation function and postoperative outcomes in patients with UC.MethodsThis retrospective cohort included 92 consecutive patients who underwent colectomy for UC. Postoperative coagulation indices and outcomes, including thromboelastography (TEG) findings and comprehensive complication index (CCI), were compared. The relative change in serum D‐dimer (ΔD‐dimer) levels and maximal amplitude (ΔMA) on TEG were also determined.ResultsPatients receiving PN supplemented with FO (n = 48) had lower D‐dimer (P = .036) levels on postoperative day (POD) 5 and a higher MA (P < 0.001) on POD 1 than those who did not receive it (n = 44). A lower ΔD‐dimer level (P = .048) and ΔMA (P < 0.001) were also observed in patients receiving FO. The incidence of major postoperative complications (6.3 vs 22.7%; P = .017) and CCI (20.9 vs 23.4%; P = .044) were significantly lower in patients receiving FO. In multivariate analysis, FO (odds ratio, 0.231; 95% confidence interval, 0.055–0.971; P = .046) was a positive protector of major postoperative complications.ConclusionPerioperative PN supplemented with FO improved coagulation function and reduced major postoperative complications in patients with UC requiring colectomy. These results may provide cues in formulating management strategies for preventing thromboembolisms and postoperative complications in patients with UC.