bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Collaborative Learning Application in Reading Material at Ninth Grade of SMPN 7 Kinali Pasaman Barat
Authors: Sukini Sukini , Putri Hilma Pami 
Published: July 2021

This research was designed to find out and analyze of the collaborative learning application in reading material at ninth grade of SMPN 7 Kinali Pasaman Barat. This research conducted due to several problems found in the field which were students make a fuss when working in groups, students do not listen to given the assignment by the teacher. It can be seen that there were students who work on group assignments that care and others were just busy talking with others. This research was done in order to answer the research question “What were the role of student and what were the role of teacher in collaborative learning at the ninth grade of SMPN 7 Kinali Pasaman Barat?” This research was a qualitative research using collaborative learning strategy. The purpose of this research was to find out and analyze the collaborative learning applicationin reading material at the ninth grade of SMPN 7 KinaliPasaman Barat by analyzing the teacher’s and students’ role in the collaborative learning. The researcher used interview and observation as the instrument of the research. The interview was directed to both students and teacher, which for the students contained 12 questions and for the teacher contained 7 questions. The researcher took 2 classes namely IX1 and IX2 as the observation object. Based on the finding from interview and observation of the collaborative learning in SMPN 7 Kinali Pasaman Barat, it was found that the teacher already fulfilled her role in the collaborative learning effectively, in the other hand the students still lack of the role as the cheer leader. They still laughed at their friends mistake. Besides that, the other roles that the students supposed to have were already done effectively. As the conclusion, the collaborative learning in SMPN 7 Kinali Pasaman Barat was good since the students and the teacher were doing their role effectively
Surgical intervention and patient factors associated with poor outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury at a tertiary care hospital in Uganda
Authors: Spears Charis A. , Adil Syed M. , Kolls Brad J. , Muhumza Michael E. , Haglund Michael M. , Fuller Anthony T. , Dunn Timothy W. 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether neurosurgical intervention for traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with reduced risks of death and clinical deterioration in a low-income country with a relatively high neurosurgical capacity. The authors further aimed to assess whether the association between surgical intervention and acute poor outcomes differs according to TBI severity and various patient factors.

METHODS
Using TBI registry data collected from a national referral hospital in Uganda between July 2016 and April 2020, the authors performed Cox regression analyses of poor outcomes in admitted patients who did and did not undergo surgery for TBI, with surgery as a time-varying treatment variable. Patients were further stratified by TBI severity using the admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score: mild TBI (mTBI; GCS scores 13–15), moderate TBI (moTBI; GCS scores 9–12), and severe TBI (sTBI; GCS scores 3–8). Poor outcomes constituted Glasgow Outcome Scale scores 2–3, deterioration in TBI severity between admission and discharge (e.g., mTBI to sTBI), and death. Several clinical and demographic variables were included as covariates. Patients were observed for outcomes from admission through hospital day 10.

RESULTS
Of 1544 patients included in the cohort, 369 (24%) had undergone surgery. Rates of poor outcomes were 4% (n = 13) for surgical patients and 12% (n = 144) among nonsurgical patients (n = 1175). Surgery was associated with a 59% reduction in the hazard for a poor outcome (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.23–0.72). Age, pupillary nonreactivity, fall injury, and TBI severity at admission were significant covariates. In models stratifying by TBI severity at admission, patients with mTBI had an 80% reduction in the hazard for a poor outcome with surgery (HR 0.20, 95% CI 0.04–0.90), whereas those with sTBI had a 65% reduction (HR 0.35, 95% CI 0.14–0.89). Patients with moTBI had a statistically nonsignificant 56% reduction in hazard (HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.17–1.17).

CONCLUSIONS
In this setting, the association between surgery and rates of poor outcomes varied with TBI severity and was influenced by several factors. Patients presenting with mTBI had the greatest reduction in the hazard for a poor outcome, followed by those presenting with sTBI. However, patients with moTBI had a nonsignificant reduction in the hazard, indicating greater variability in outcomes and underscoring the need for closer monitoring of this population. These results highlight the importance of accurate, timely clinical evaluation throughout a patient’s admission and can inform decisions about whether and when to perform surgery for TBI when resources are limited.
FA’LIYAH ISTIKHDAMUSH SHURAH FI TA’LIMUL MUFRADAT BI MTSN LANGSA
Authors: Fitriani  , Nasir Mohd 
Published: July 2021

Sesungguhnya media memiliki peranan penting dalam proses belajar mengajar guna tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran. Tapi yang menjadi permasalahannya di dalam proses belajar bahasa arab adalah masalah kurangnya media pembelajaran, kalau di lihat dari segi materi bahasa arab bukanlah sesuatu yang asing dalam dunia pendidikan islam. Hal ini dapat di lihat dari persentase keinginan siswa dan siswi di dalam belajar bahasa arab.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang efektifitas penggunaan media gambar di dalam mengajar mufradat di madrasah Tsanawiyah negeri langsa sekaligus untuk mengetahui kendala apa saja yang di hadapi oleh guru dalam mengajar mufradat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian uji-t. Populasi dari penelitian ini meliputi para siswa di kelas 2,4 & 2,6 di MTsN Langsa Tahun Pelajaran 2013-2014. Adapun instrumen penelitian adalah peneliti sendiri, observasi, wawancara, angket, tes dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengajaran mufradat di MTsN langsa menunjukkan bahwa proses pembelajaran mufradat berbeda beda antara satu guru dengan guru yang lainnya. Hal ini di sebabkan karena jenjang / tingkat kelas yang berbeda pula, tapi kalau di lihat dari segi metode pengajarannya, semua guru jarang menggunakan media gambar.).
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF CHEST X-RAY IN THE DETECTION OF PNEUMOTHORAX IN BLUNT CHEST TRAUMA PATIENTS WITH CT AS THE GOLD STANDARD
Authors: Kynshikhar Danquale Vance , Kaushal Chaman Lal , Tomar Ashwani , Aggarwal Neeti 
Published: July 2021

Background: To study the diagnostic accuracy of chest X-ray in the detection of pneumothorax in blunt chest trauma patients with CT as the Gold Standard
Methods: The present study was conducted from 31th July 2018 to 30th July 2019. A total of 36 patients were enrolled in the study.
Results: On Chest X-Ray Supine AP view, pneumothorax was detected in 11 of 24 patients. The sensitivity of Chest X-Ray Supine AP view was 45.83%, specificity was 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) was 48% and accuracy was 63.89% for the diagnosis of pneumothorax.
Conclusion: A Chest radiograph is the most preferred and relevant primary investigation in the diagnosis of pneumothorax even with the various advanced techniques that are available. X-ray being relatively cheaper and is easily available even at the peripheral centers at the primary health care level.
Keywords: X-ray, CT, Pneumothorax
PATTERN OF MYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS IN ISCHEMIC AND NON ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Kaushal Chaman Lal , Kynshikhar Danquale Vance , Jhobta Anupam , Kaushal Dimple 
Published: July 2021

Background: The cardiomyopathies are defined as “heterogenous group of diseases of the myocardium associated with mechanical or electrical dysfunction that usually (but not invariably) exhibit inappropriate ventricular hypertrophy or dilatation and are due to variety of causes that frequently are genetic.
Methods: The cross sectional hospital based study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis in patients with heart failure with LVEF (Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction) of <45% without RWM (Regional Wall Motion) abnormality on echocardiography evaluated in department of cardiology at IGMC, Shimla over a period of one year.
Demographics:

Demographics

Overall Group

Male

Female

Mean Age (year ) ± SD

53.86 ± 16.34

54.45 ± 19.41

53.94 ± 16.36

Gender (n)

38

17 (44.73%)

21(55.26%)

Results: Myocardial fibrosis was seen in 4 (100%) patients of ischemic cardiomyopathy and 3 (18.75%) patients of non ischemic cardiomyopathy with significant P value of 0.01 and odd ratio of 1.67. The subendocardial myocardial fibrosis was seen in 3 (75%) patients of ischemic cardiomyopathy while it was not seen in non ischemic cardiomyopathy with significant P value of < 0.01 and odd ratio of 3.59.
Conclusion: Cardiac MRI has important role in dilated cardiomyopathies for distinguishing ischemic and non ischemic types as well as in evaluation of various etiological types.
Keywords: MRI, Myocardial, Cardiomyopathies
Sentinelas disfarçadas nas portas das drogas
Authors: Fortin Charles 
Published: July 2021

Insidioso aos povos e às frágeis sociedades da América Latina e Caribe (ALC) a produção ilícita de drogas e seu tráfico se constituem em grande ameaça aos Estados Unidos. As deportações dos Estados Unidos exacerbam essa tragédia. Em 1996, o Congresso Americano aprovou uma lei que requer que todos os sentenciados estrangeiros devam ser deportados aos seus países de origem se seus sustentos estiverem envolvidos com o crime organizado. Pela lei, o departamento intitulado Administração da Repressão às Drogas (DEA em inglês) só pode operar nos Estados Unidos e não pode investigar e prender, unilateralmente, traficantes de drogas de alta periculosidade no exterior. Dadas as deficiências de controle na redução da produção de drogas nos países produtores, a Organização dos Estados Americanos (Comissão Interamericana para o Controle do Abuso de Drogas - CICAD) disponibiliza a troca de informações e capacitação para os funcionários no combate às drogas, ALC. Esse artigo busca refletir na eficácia de três dessas iniciativas: controle dos portões de entrada aéreos, interrupção do fluxo de insumos para a produção de drogas e o tráfico via internet.
Palavras-chave: Aplicação da lei contra drogas.Treinamento. Vigilância aos portões de entrada. Produtos químicos precursores. Tráfico de drogas via Internet. Silk Road. Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA).
Fundamentos da interiorização do ensino superior no Brasil
Authors: Araújo dos Santos Maria Nainam Silvino , Romani de Campos Luis Henrique 
Published: July 2021

Partindo da percepção de que a abertura de unidades federais de ensino superior no interior do Brasil atrelada à presença de Arranjos Produtivos Locais apresenta-se como uma política includente de oportunidade educacional capaz de favorecer o desenvolvimento do local e da região onde estão inseridas, este artigo buscou identificar de que forma fundamentou-se esta recente expansão tomando por critério de análise os seus desdobramentos sobre a adequação das estruturas políticas de funcionamento, as relações de cooperação, aprendizagem e cultura da inovação no contexto de Arranjos Produtivos Locais. Para tanto, após desenho e composição da amostra, realizou-se, em um primeiro momento, a pesquisa direta, por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, com representantes, em diferentes graus, das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior. Além disso, também foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados obtidos apontam para uma necessidade de aproximação das IES para com os diferentes atores que compõem as aglomerações produtivas através de, entre outros aspectos, práticas de pesquisa e extensão, cooperação e parcerias locais e internacionais, identificação, reconhecimento e esforços que caminhem na direção de promover a atenção às realidades e necessidades locais a partir do olhar para as suas demandas e singularidades. Por fim, percebe-se que os efeitos observados em cada campus, em uma análise primária, aparentam ser derivados do capital social presente na região onde estão inseridos.
Synthesis, characterization and pharmacokinetic studies of 4-(3-aryl-1, 6-dihydro-6-iminopyridazin-1-yl)butanoic acid hydrochlorides
Authors: Islam Md Din , Kumar Samiron , Chowdhury Tahmina Akter , Sarker Mahe Zame , Nishino Hiroshi , Haque Md Aminul , Rahman Mohammad Mostafizur 
Published: July 2021

A series of six title compounds have been prepared using 3-amino- 6-chloropyridazine as starting material collected from commercial sources and were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, and high-resolution mass spectral (HRMS) data. The method involves three steps: Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction, N(2)-alkylation, and acid hydrolysis, respectively, to obtain final products with good yields. According to Lipinski's rule of five and Veber's rule, pharmacokinetics studies of the synthesized compounds showed that all the parameters were in between the permissible limits. The toxicity parameters were low for the compounds to act as drugs.
J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 45(1); 37-47: June 2021
Optimizing the wash time of the washing machine using several types of fuzzy numbers
Authors: Islam Md Azharul , Hossain Md Sahadat 
Published: July 2021

In this paper we used various fuzzy numbers to calculate wash time for washing machines and provided various decisions after comparison among them. Again, this paper shows the importance of fuzzy logic control-based washing machine to get an appropriate wash time for the degree of dirt and the quantity of grease present on the clothes. This method is predicated on a fuzzy inference system. A fuzzy inference system using the Mamdani controller type is illustrated in this paper. From the utilization of fuzzy logic control, the machine can respond in several conditions. The simulation was done by MATLAB programming language.
J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 45(1); 105-116: June 2021
REVITALISASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER MELALUI KEGIATAN TRAINING OF TRAINER (ToT)
Authors: Suhilmiati Endhang 
Published: July 2021

Revitalisasi Pendidikan karakter sebagai upaya pendidikan secara holistis yang menghubungkan dimensi moral dengan ranah sosial dalam kehidupan peserta didik sebagai pondasi bagi terbentuknya generasi yang berkualitas, mampu hidup mandiri dan memiliki prinsip suatu kebenaran yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Atau dapat dikatakan bahwa pendidikan karakter memiliki esensi dan makna yang sama dengan pendidikan moral dan pendidikan akhlak yang bertujuan untuk membentuk pribadi anak, supaya menjadi manusia yang baik, warga masyarakat, dan warga negara yang baik dengan kriteria secara umum adalah nilai-nilai sosial tertentu, yang banyak dipengaruhi oleh budaya masyarakat dan bangsanya dalam hal ini kegiatan Training of Trainer (ToT) yang akan berdampingan beriringan dengan konsep pendidikan karakter karna pendidikan Training of Trainer adalah pelatihan yang diperuntukkan bagi siswa yang diharapkan setelah selesai pelatihan mampu menjadi pelatih dan mampu mengajarkan materi pelatihan tersebut kepada orang lain.
Implementasi Permenag Nomor 2 Tahun 2008 Dan Permendikbud Nomor 20 Tahun 2016 Tentang Standar Kompetensi Lulusan Di MAN Prambon Nganjuk
Authors: Rahmah Novita 
Published: July 2021

Implementasi Permenag Nomor 2 Tahun 2008 dan Permendikbud Nomor 20 Tahun 2016 Tentang Standar Kompetensi Lulusan perlu dikuatkan dalam pelaksanaan di lapangan karena ditengarai di MAN Prambon muncul permasalahan pedagogik guru yang belum maksimal, sarana dan prasarana pembelajaran yang belum lengkap, input siswa kurang berkualitas, sebagian tamatan SMP kurang mampu mempelajari Mapel Bahasa Arab. Minat, motivasi dan disiplin belajar siswa kurang maksimal, dan belum maksimalnya pos-pos pembiayaan untuk kegiatan pembelajaran dan kegiatan ekstra kurikuler serta pembiayaan kegiatan pengembangan diri karena minimnya sumber pendapatan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Bentuk Implementasi Permenag No. 2 Tahun 2008 dan Permendikbud Nomor 20 tahun 2016 tentang Standar Kompetensi Lulusan di MAN Prambon Nganjuk bagi guru PAI dan Bahasa Arab adalah berikut: a) Guru melaksanakan kegiatan pembelajaran dengan menerapkan strategi dan metode mengajar yang sesuai, mengadakan penilaian dan analisis hasil belajar, serta evaluasi, mengadakan program remidi dan pengayaan, b) Pengadaan tes peminatan pada siwa baru untuk penempatan jurusan. 2) Implikasi Implementasi Permenagsebagai berikut: a) Implikasinya didasarkan pada pada tujuan pendidikan nasional, b) didasarkan pada ruang lingkup standar kompetensi lulusan, c) dilakukan dengan cara mengadakan monitoring dan evaluasi, d) dilaksanakan berdasar kebijakan kepala madrasah, e) dijalankan dengan baik sesuai dengan rencana. 3) Faktor-faktor Pendukung antara lain: a) Kondisi riil standar isi yang bagusdan Respon komite dan siswa sangat baik. Sedangkan faktor-faktor penghambatnya antara lain: fasilitas untuk memenuhi terlaksnanya kurikulum 13 sangat terbatas.
AKTIVITAS ASAP CAIR CANGKANG BUAH Hevea braziliensis SEBAGAI ANTI BAKTERI Staphylacoccus aureus
Authors: Agustina Widiya , Sumpono Sumpono , Elvia Rina 
Published: July 2021

The aims of this research is to know the activity of liquid smoke Hevea braziliensis Seed Shell as antibacterial of Staphylacoccus aureus. The synthesis of liquid smoke on this research through some process such as pyrolysis, sedimentation, filtration, distillation and redistillation. H.braziliensis Seed Shell liquid smoke obtained phenol levels 0.84% and pH 2.548. Antibacterial activity tested by hollow difusion methode with variations concentration of liquid smoke .at 5%, , 10 , 25 , 50, 75, and 100 % v/v. The effective concentration H.braziliensis liquid smoke in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus bacteria is 75% v/v with strong antibacterial level that showed by an inhibition zone at 10,6 mm. On this research One Way ANOVA test showing the Fcount ? F table, which means there is a significant difference between the diameter of the inhibition zone on various concentrations of H.braziliensis seed shell.iquid smoke..
PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK AIR BUAH Flacourtia inermis Roxb. (LOBI-LOBI) SEBAGAI PENGAWET IKAN LAUT
Authors: Pribadi Ade , Nurhamidah Nurhamidah , Elvinawati Elvinawati 
Published: July 2021

[THE UTILIZATION OF Flacourtia inermis Roxb. (LOB-LOBI ) FRUIT WATER EXTRACTS AS A MARINE FISH PRESERVATIVE] This research aims to determine the magnitude of the concentration and the length of time the optimum soaking water extracts of fruit Flacourtia inermis Roxb. (lobi-lobi ) as well as measuring its potential for use as a preservative in marine fish. Sample marine fish used is Kerapu Macan (Epinephelus fuscogultatus). The concentration of water extract from the fruit of F.inermis Roxb is at levels at 10, 20, 30 and 40% with soaking time each at 1, 2 and 3 hours for any variation of the concentration. Observation of the level of the fish freshness is done with a variety of storage time of 12, 18, and 24 hours at room temperature to any variation of the concentration of extract and soaking time. The parameters used in determining the level of the freshness of the sample fish is a rate of Total Volatile Bases (TVB), moisture content, and pH. The results of the research done indicate that extracts water from the fruit of F.inermis Roxb L are potential for use as a preservative of marine fish based on the values of pH and the levels of TVB. The most optimum concentration and soaking time in Kerapu Macan fish preserve during its storage was soaking with a concentration of 30% for 1 hour, i.e., able to withstand the pace of the decline of the quality of the Kerapu Macan sample for 18 hours at room temperature: with the pH 6.7 and fish TVBvalue at 29.4 mgN/100 g.
POTENSI EKSTRAK METABOLIT SEKUNDER Eugenia uniflora L. SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGAWET TAHU
Authors: Tria Genesis , Nurhamidah Nurhamidah , Amir Hermansyah 
Published: July 2021

[POTENTIAL OF Eugenia uniflora L SECONDARY METABOLITES EXTRACT AS A TOFU PRESERVATIVE]. The purpose of this research is to know the secondary metabolite compounds from the Eugenia uniflora L (Dewandaru) fruit extracts , as well as to measure the potential of water extract from the fruit of E. uniflora L for the use in the tofu preserve as well as measure the impact of the addition of water extract of the fruit of E. uniflora L against moisture, pH, protein on tofu. The process of preserving test against tofu on the research done by soaking time at 2, 3 and 4 hour with each variation of the concentration of extract at 10, 15 and 20% as well as the observation time at 24 and 48 hours for each treatment.The result of the test water extract of the fruit of the phytochemical profile E. uniflora L showed the content of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic , saponins and steroid compounds. Test results from the granting of water extract from the fruit of E.uniflora L in the preserve of tofu with the variation of concentration and soaking time is proven to affect the value of water content, pH, and protein on tofu that was tested.The results of the research done indicate that the granting of a water extract of the fruit of E.uniflora L proven useful to be used as a natural preservative for tofu at 24 hours with a 20% concentration and a soaking time at 2 and 3 hours. From the results, it can be concluded that water extracts from the fruit of E.uniflora L. potential to be used as a natural preservative for tofu.
ANALISIS ION MERKURI (II) MENGGUNAKAN NANO PARTIKEL PERAK TERIMOBILISASI PADA KERTAS SARING
Authors: Meileza Nessi , Firdaus M. Lutfi , Elvinawati Elvinawati 
Published: July 2021

The aims of this research is improve stability and sensitivity of silver nanoparticles (NPP) immobilizatied on filter paper. Silver nanoparticles synthesized by reducing the ascorbic acid using a chemical reduction method. Immobilization NPP on filter paper is done with the technique of immobilization (immunosystem) is the process of molecular bonding reagent in supporting materials, so physically bound NPP the surface of filter paper is composed of cellulose fibers. The results obtained for the stability of immobilization NPP on filter paper can be last up to stable 60-daywhile liquid NPP stability can only last for 30 days. To maintained the stability ofimmobilization on filter paper is saved in a closed box. For the determination of sensitivity of immobilization NPP in the filter paper test is performed against the mercury (II) ion with each different concentrations. The results obtained for sensitivity of immobilization NPP on the filter paper is analyzed in digital image can be detect mercury (II) ion until the concentration of ppb. The results of measurement Limit of Detection (LOD) or limit the smallest NPP can detect mercury (II) ion is under 0.863 ppb, while liquid NPP able to detect only concentration 1.448 ppb.. The results of this research NPP immobilization on filter paper can be an alternative to increasingstability and sensitivity of NPP compared with liquid NPP, and can be applied into the colourimetry indicator is inexpensive and practical to analysis of mercury (II) ion in the digital image.