bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategy and Master Plan for Water Supply and Domestic Wastewater in Klungkung Regency, Bali
Authors: Septiariva I Y , Suryawan I W K , Suhardono S , Sofiyah E S , Zahra N L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Klungkung Regency is the second smallest regency/city area after Denpasar City. The declaration of the Indonesian government in meeting the MDG’s target for zero slums has been followed by the district government of Klungkung with a focused policy and strategic direction. The identification of slum issues is carried out on several indicators for the conditions of water supply and wastewater services. The purpose of this paper is to make long-term planning to realize integrated domestic wastewater treatment until 2033. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods and data analysis was performed by data display, verification, and conclusion drawing. To overcome the problem of fulfilling raw water, efforts are made to handle it through plans for phases I, II, III, and IV. In the period from 2019-2023, a drinking water supply system will be developed by utilizing raw water from the Muara Unda Reservoir, which is 300 L/sec. In phase III, a transmission unit will be built in the raw water delivery system from the Penida Spring with an additional capacity of 20 L/sec. In Klungkung Regency, there is no centralized wastewater treatment plant to treat wastewater from this domestic activity. Most residents in Klungkung Regency dispose of their domestic waste/water through septic tanks (for black water), while gray water is directly channeled into drainage channels or directly discharged into rivers.
Performance Evaluation of Different Objective Function in PID Tuned by PSO in DC-Motor Speed Control
Authors: Maghfiroh H , Saputro J S , Hermanu C , Ibrahim M H , Sujono A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The electric motor is an electromagnetic device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. There are many industrial sectors using electrical motors. Almost 90% of industries still use PID control because of its simplicity, applicability, and reliability. However, the weakness of PID is that it takes a long time to tune. PSO is one of the optimization methods which can be used to tune PID. The objective function is needed when using PSO to tune PID control. Five different objective functions which are ISE, IAE, ITSE, ITAE, and MSE is compared in terms of performance and control energy. The PID controller is applied in DC motor speed control in a simulation environment. Three testing condition is carried out which is step responses, set-point changes, and disturbance rejection. The simulation result shows that in terms of performance, ITSE is the best one. On the other hand, in terms of control energy, ISE is using the lowest energy to control the plant.
Multi DC Load Single Port Output Adaptive Power Charge Using Fuzzy Logic Controller
Authors: Maulidyna A N , Sudiharto I , Murdianto F D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The battery is an electronic device that is capable of storing electrical energy. The ability of batteries to store electrical energy is widely used to supply DC loads. Batteries on a wide range of DC loads have varying voltages and capacities. Generally, battery chargers are likely to be static with one specific load voltage. One charge device is usually used to charge one type of DC load. The Adaptive power charge system can be used to charge various types of DC loads with different voltages and capacities through one output port. In this paper method of charging with constant voltage, to keep the output voltage from the SEPIC converter stable used fuzzy logic controller. In this research, the adaptive power charge system using a fuzzy logic controller can charge various types of DC loads with different voltages, has a 99.8% precision with an average error of less than 0.16% and the system reaches a steady-state at 0.4 seconds. Adaptive power charge makes it easy to charge various types of DC loads.
Cyber-Physical Systems-Based PID Controller for Three Interacting Tank Process Level Control
Authors: Joelianto E , Nadhira V , Hammami H , Hariyadi  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper considers the performance improvement of PLC-based process control systems through Industry 4.0 by harnessing cyber-physical systems (CPS), which is an integration of control, computation, and networking to intertwine intensely cyber and physical components. To accomplish these needs, open process control (OPC) unified architecture (UA) is exercised as a horizontal and vertical integrator of the CPS-based process automation. The three interacting tank process is the preferred testing plant because this system has become a proven benchmark for testing advanced control system in the laboratory scale. In this paper, the cyber component accomplishes parameter optimization of the PID controller for the level control of the three interacting tank process and schedules the appropriate PID controller that matches the level operating conditions. The control implementation shows that CPS for the level control of the three interacting tank process works well by resulting in smaller integral square error (ISE) value. Moreover, the cloud-based database can be established directly using OPC UA for real-time monitoring of the process through websites using the Internet network with data delivery rate of 100%.
Prediction Point of Fault Location on Its Campus Power Grid by using Neural Artificial Method
Authors: Syamsudin A , Hafidz I , Rahmatullah D , Asfani D A , Negara I M Y 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The dispersed electric load connected to the power system leads to various nominal current and direction. However, to protect the plan optimally, relay settings must be updated according to its configuration. This paper investigates the prediction of fault location point for Directional Overcurrent Relay (DOCR). The system used Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) Campus electricity system connected to the grid utility. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) include data combination of power flow and short circuit as input data, can determine the appropriate fault location of the system. From the result, the data set in the master control has a smaller composition than by performing manual looking for tables. From the simulation result, 313 testing data obtained an average error of 0.002614377 so that the test results are quite close to the target data. Another advantage is that fewer data must be entered in Master control when using ANN, 136 data, compared using a lookup table, 1512 data. Through this method, the user can predict the fault location quickly and accurately.
Design and Implementation of Hybrid Filter for Harmonic Reduction and Damped Resonances in Non-Linear Loads
Authors: Arif Y C , Raharja L P S , Auladah S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The use of Power Factor Correction (PFC) is generally used to increase the power factor in a system plan. However, the system will be dangerous if there are non-linear loads on the system that causes resonance risk. The impedance of the capacitor bank for PFC can interact with the non-linear loads and the impedance of the up-transformer which causes series and/or parallel resonances. Resonance causes surges in currents and voltages at harmonic frequencies. This problem can be solved by adding a detuned reactor filter in PFC. However, the implementation of detuned LC passive filters can’t reduce all harmonic components. This paper presents a hybrid filter consisting of a detuned LC passive filter and an active filter to reduce harmonics, avoid the system from resonance risk, and to improve the power factor. This system using 5Kvar of capacitor bank and a 14% detuned reactor filter combined with an active filter. The results of power quality increasing the power factor from 0.6 to 0.88, THDi is reduced from 49.5% to 18% after using a hybrid filter.
Implementation of Real-Time Edge Detection Using Canny and Sobel Algorithms
Authors: Lynn N D , Sourav A I , Santoso A J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The process of performing tasks related to image processing requires the use of potential techniques such as edge detection. The technique can be used to accomplish tasks related to video and image manipulation. The process of edge detection is very virtual as it acts as the first phase of image analysis and understanding. In this paper, the edges of real-time images were detected for easy extraction of meaningful information from images. A prototype was implemented on OpenCV which is an in-built function cv2. () using python. Canny and Sobel edge detection algorithms are chosen to be used in this paper for comparison purposes to find out which method is better at edge detection. After using both algorithms to detect edges of real-time images, the result showed that the Canny algorithm produced thick edges compared to the Sobel algorithm. The canny algorithm follows the criteria of; Good detection, Good localization, and Minimal response, to output good edge detection results More so, canny uses a double threshold for edge revelation and applies the Gaussian filter which removes of any noise from an image, unlike Sobel which is not resistant to noise. The developed prototype for this study can detect edges of real-time objects without the intervention of any sensor input.
Emission Dispersion Modelling using AERMOD on GT 1.3 PLTGU Muara Karang in Evaluate Combustor Upgrade Effect
Authors: Leilan F , Revina T , Hutajulu D S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Muara Karang power plant dominated by Gas Turbine Power Plant. One of those there is Gas Turbin 1.3 has been upgraded, thus make load ouput become increased. This study aims to see the emission dispersion generated from combustor before and after being upgraded. The emission data is obtained from combustion modelling on combustor GT 1.3 pre and post extendor using CFD methode. Then, the data will be used for emission dispersion modelling using AERMOD. The emission dispersion modelling uses two condition. First is the initial state based on environment assessment document in 2010 and second is in current environment state. The modelling shows that after the combustor upgraded, the NOx emission increase by 15%, CO emission decrease by 37%. Emission dispersion modelling result shows that there is a change in the area that has the highest concentration. In the initial environment state, area with highest concentration is on the west side of the power plant with NOx concentration is 35.46303 ug/m3, And CO concentration is 1.3362 ug/m3. In the current environment state, the area is on the east side of the power plant area with highest concentration is NOx concentration is 61.47481ug/m3 And CO concentration is 2.3163 ug/m3.
Decarbonizing Electricity in Indonesia: Opportunity in the Implementation of Rooftop Solar PV
Authors: Sukarso P , Adimas  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Efforts to decarbonize the electricity generation system to mitigate the environmental impacts including climate change are done around the world. The world is in an act of transfer from fossil fuel to new and renewable energy. Indonesia is trying to achieve future energy mix target through penetration in technology and policies emphasize. Indonesia through its state-owned company, PT Pembangkitan Jawa Bali (PT PJB) has a huge potential for new and renewable energy, particularly rooftop solar photovoltaic. Indonesia solar PV capacity installation was only 0.04% on 2017 whilst theoretical solar potential production is around 207.9 GW (4.8 kWh/m2/day). This article results that utilization rooftop asset from PT PJB can produce 8.09 GWh/year of electricity and reduce carbon dioxide which parameter greenhouse gas emission from electricity around 8.81 tonCO2eq in accordance with comparisons from coal power plant.
Exergy and Energy Analysis of CFPP
Authors: Musyafa R J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Energy and exergy analysis of Pulverized Coal Fired Subcritical Power Plant (CFPP) performed to assess power plant performance and identify major losses both energy and exergy term. It’s found that, based on energy analysis, major losses occur in condenser, moisture in coal and steam turbine. While exergy analysis result that most exergy losses and destruction was in boiler and feedwater heater. Energy efficiency of boiler on 250MW, 300MW and 380MW was 68.56%, 69.56% and 72.42% respectively while exergetic efficiency was 52.81%, 56.33% and 57.39% respectively.
Simulation of Effects Off Service Closed Feedwater Heater on Steam Power Plant Performance Using Cycle Tempo 5.0
Authors: Mahendra R , Wiratama C G , Setiyawan A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Steam power plant needs three important things in its operation, they are safety, reliability, and efficiency. Steam power plant efficiency can be elevated by installing regenerative feedwater heater. Feedwater heater is used to increase the temperature of water needed for combustion process in the boiler, therefore minimizing the fuel used in boiler. Case study is taken from PT. PJB UP Muara Karang Steam Power Plant unit 4 and 5. HPH 4 off service in August 2018 caused thermal efficiency drop about 1.86 % from the previous month. The same case was found in January 2019, in which HPH F off service caused 0.68 % from the previous month. This study’s aim is to find out the effect of off service closed feedwater heater to steam power plant performance using Cycle Tempo 5.0. Steam power plant unit 5 with 172 MW load is modelled on Cycle Tempo. Validation is done by comparing some parameter of simulation result to performance test result with 5% error tolerance. Few variation off service feedwater heater conditions are done by regulating valve for line bypass in order to set feedwater flow into tubes as well as drain flow. NPHR analysis is done by gathering net power and heat needed in boiler for each variation. The result obtained from this study shows that off service feedwater heater cause NPHR enhancement. The highest NPHR increase is achieved when HPH F is on off service condition, with value about 30.58 kCal/kWh. Off service HPH has bigger effect on NPHR increase than LPH on the same condition. Steam power plant efficiency increase continuously with the greater amount of operating feedwater heater. 3 LPH and 2 HPH usage on steam power plant with 172 MW load is assessed as adequate efficient, with all feedwater heater operating at 33.39 %.
Hybrid Grey Wolf Algorithm for Energy-Efficient Scheduling with Sequence-Dependent Setup Times: A Case Study
Authors: Utama D M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Non-renewable energy consumption is one of the dominant factors in global warming. The industrial sector has a significant contribution to this problem. At present, the company is required to carry out efficiency, especially energy consumption, because the industry contributes to the most significant energy consumption. One effort to minimize energy consumption in the industrial sector is with proper scheduling. This research attempts to develop the Hybrid Grey Wolf Optimizer (HGWO) Algorithm to complete Energy-Efficient Scheduling (EES) on the Permutation Flow Shop Scheduling Problem (PFSP). This study considers Sequence-Dependent Setup Times on the PFSP problem. A case study was used to resolve EES on PFSP problems. The HGWO parameter experiment was also used to test the parameters in the case study solving. This research also compares HGWO with several popular procedures. The comparison of algorithms shows that the results of the HGWO algorithm are more competitive for completing EES in PFSP problems.
Surging Phenomenon in Gas Engine Crankcase
Authors: Arsana V M , Riski R R , Wahyudi P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An internal combustion engine is an engine whose combustion process is inside a closed room or often referred to as the combustion chamber. The Wartsila W20V34SG engine is one of the internal combustion engines used to turn generators to generate electricity, over time some new problems arise that cause engine trip. One cause of a sudden increase in crankcase pressure is the occurrence of the phenomenon of surging in the crankcase. The causes of surging originating from the phenomenon of bursts of engine exhaust gas leaks to the surface of the oil mist pipe. Where the average temperature of the exhaust gas is approximately 530 °C so that the hot gas burst increases the temperature of the oil mist pipe and result in lower gas density and oil vapor. This phenomenon causes the air to become lighter and rise to the top and make the room in the crankcase more vacuum up to -6.29 mBar at which point the pressure will rise significantly up to ± 25 mBar. This value has exceeded the limit of the crankcase pressure protection setting which is 5.57 mBar causing the engine to trip.
Computational Simulation of Gas-Solid Flow to Reduce Erosion in a Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) Boiler
Authors: Wisyaldin M K , Akshinta P Y , Barkati A , Pariaman H , Hisjam M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) is one type of coal combustion technologies that plays an essential role in the power generation. CFB boilers use the principle of the thermal inertia of material deliberately inserted into the furnace (known as bed materials) which is usually sand particles. The existence of materials in the form of particles with high speed can lead to erosion on the wall furnace. The amount of erosion in the furnace wall is influenced by the speed and flow pattern as well as the particle shape of the particle. This paper performed three-dimensional simulations of a CFB boiler using CPFD software to determine the behavior and location of erosion on furnace modelling and simulation. A computational particle fluid dynamics model of a pilot-scale circulating fluidized bed (CFB) was used to simulate its gas-solid flow characteristics numerically. The accuracy of the model was confirmed by a comparison of the simulation results with the operation data. Decreasing the operating parameters according to the calculation of stoichiometry reactions shows a decrease in erosion, thereby making CFB boiler more reliable. Furthermore, the simulation result provide a reference for further comprehension of the flow characteristics in CFBs.
Influence of Reactive Ion Etching Time on Fabrication of Porous Silicon on Si (110) Substrates
Authors: Suryana R , Mas’ud M M , Nakatsuka O 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Porous silicon (PSi) has been fabricated by photolithography and Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) with various etching times in the previous study. The PSi surfaces have the pore size in the range of 12.6-28.0 nm for PSi (111) and 17.4-37.7 nm for PSi (100). Meanwhile, the PSi has the resistivity around (1.14-2.60)×10−4 Ω.cm for PSi (111) and (3.85-9.03)×10−4 Ω.cm for PSi (100). In this study, N-type Si (110) substrate was used to form PSi with various etching times for 10, 20 and 40 min. The PSi samples were characterized by SEM, Dektak XT profilometer, UV-Vis and FPP equipment. PSi formed into a spherical shape which distributed throughout the Si surface. Pore sizes, pore depths and resistivity of patterned PSi increased as the etching time increases, i.e., 4.04 µm, 30.85 nm and 2.26×10−4 Ω.cm (10 min); 4.98 µm, 51.93 nm and 3.86×10−4 Ω.cm (20 min); 6.00 µm, 80.67 nm and 5.77×10−4 Ω.cm (40 min), respectively. This indicated that the pores could be considered as defects or dislocation inside material which resist electrons diffuse toward the electrode. Moreover, the PSi reflectance value decreases 30% to around 10% on the visible light range with the increasing of etching time.
Synthesis LiFePO4 at Various Atmosphere Condition
Authors: Lestari I P , Arinawati M , Hutama A P , Yudha C S , Rahmawati M , Widiyandari H , Nur A , Purwanto A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
LiFePO4 is considered the most environmentally friendly, inexpensive, abundant, has good cycle stability and thermal stability. However, LiFePO4 has the main disadvantage of potential voltage and conductivity which is relatively lower than other batteries. This can be overcome by adding carbon and reducing particle size. The method used in this research is the rheological phase method. This method was chosen because the material used is easy to obtain and the price is cheap, no requires a lot of tools, and good homogeneity. LiFePO4 is very sensitive to direct air. So in this study an evaluation of the effect of argon gas, hydrogen, and nitrogen on the material. LiFePO4 analyzed its morphology with SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), its crystallinity with XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) and functional group of LiFePO4 with FTIR (Furier Transformation Infra-Red). Based on the characterization result, the optimum synthesis product continued battery performance test. LiFePO4 H2-Ar produces the best battery capacity compared to other gases because it uses reducing gas which can increase the carbon content of the material.
Heterozygous KCNH2 variant phenotyping using Flp-In HEK293 and high-throughput automated patch clamp electrophysiology
Authors: Ng Chai-Ann , Farr Jessica , Young Paul , Windley Monique J , Perry Matthew D , Hill Adam P , Vandenberg Jamie I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
KCNH2 is one of the 59 medically actionable genes recommended by the American College of Medical Genetics for reporting of incidental findings from clinical genomic sequencing. However, half of the reported KCNH2 variants in the ClinVar database are classified as variants of uncertain significance. In the absence of strong clinical phenotypes, there is a need for functional phenotyping to help decipher the significance of variants identified incidentally. Here, we report detailed methods for assessing the molecular phenotype of any KCNH2 missense variant. The key components of the assay include quick and cost-effective generation of a bi-cistronic vector to co-express Wild-type (WT) and any KCNH2 variant allele, generation of stable Flp-In HEK293 cell lines and high-throughput automated patch clamp electrophysiology analysis of channel function. Stable cell lines take 3–4 weeks to produce and can be generated in bulk, which will then allow up to 30 variants to be phenotyped per week after 48 h of channel expression. This high-throughput functional genomics assay will enable a much more rapid assessment of the extent of loss of function of any KCNH2 variant.