bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breast metastasis from medullary thyroid carcinoma: a report of a case
Authors: Omi Yoko , Kamio Hidenori , Yoshida Yusaku , Masui Kenta , Yamamoto Tomoko , Nagashima Yoji , Okamoto Takahiro 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Metastasis to the breast is rare. We herein report a patient with metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma to the breast for whom measuring the calcitonin level was an important clue to the correct diagnosis.

Case presentation
A 54-year-old woman visited our hospital for the treatment of recurrent metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma due to multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A and breast cancer. Positron emission tomography performed before the operation for metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma recurrence in the neck showed the accumulation of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in the bilateral breast at sites other than the disease in the neck. Ultrasonography revealed multiple tumors in both breasts. A core needle biopsy of three breast tumors was performed. Microscopically, the tumor cells showed solid growth and did not show a tubular structure. She was diagnosed with triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma. Post-operative positron emission tomography was performed as the serum calcitonin level increased after the operation. The accumulation of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in the bilateral breast tumors and lymph nodes in the neck was noted. The possibility of the breast tumors being metastasis of metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma was considered. Needle aspiration was performed for three breast tumors. The calcitonin level of the washout fluid was measured and found to be ≥ 17,500 pg/mL. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor cells were calcitonin-positive and gross cystic disease fluid protein-15-negative. Vandetanib was started as recurrent metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma with breast metastasis was finally diagnosed. The serum calcitonin level decreased after 1 month.

Conclusion
Although breast metastasis of medullary thyroid carcinoma is rare, a correct diagnosis is indispensable for appropriate treatment. When a breast tumor shows atypical morphological features for breast cancer according to the histopathology in a patient with a history of cancer, metastasis to the breast should be considered. Calcitonin measurement of the needle washout fluid was useful for confirming metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma.
Health facility-based counselling and community outreach are associated with maternal dietary practices in a cross-sectional study from Tanzania
Authors: Dearden Kirk A. , Bishwakarma Ramu , Crookston Benjamin T. , Masau Benesta T. , Mulokozi Generose I. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundAnemia and underweight among women are major public health challenges. Access to health services can improve dietary behaviors and women’s nutritional status. We examined whether exposure to health services is associated with women’s dietary practices in Tanzania.MethodsData come from a cross-sectional baseline survey among 5000 female primary caregivers who were randomly selected via two-stage sampling, prior to implementing a maternal and child nutrition program. We ran frequencies on women’s exposure to existing health facility-based counselling, community health worker visits, and attendance at women’s support groups. We examined associations between exposure to these interventions and maternal diets and adjusted for sociodemographic covariates using ordinary least squares regression and ordered logistic regression.ResultsA third of the sample (34.1%) had received any antenatal care (ANC) during their most recent pregnancy or had been advised by anyone about nutrition (37.0%). 68.0% had never had a community health worker (CHW) speak to them about their children’s health and 9.4% had participated in a women’s group. Only 8.0% of mothers ate more than usual during pregnancy and 7.1% ate more types of foods. After adjusting for mother’s age, education and household assets, women who received nutrition advice were 1.3 times (95% CI: 1.1, 1.7) more likely than mothers who did not to eat more during pregnancy. Receiving antenatal care (ANC) and advice on nutrition before, during, and after pregnancy and delivery were highly associated with the mother eating more types of foods. Hearing from a CHW about children’s health but not support group attendance was often associated with various dietary practices. Almost all measures of access to health services were significantly associated with mothers’ frequency of eating in the previous 24 h. Receiving advice on nutrition during pregnancy and after giving birth and CHW contact were associated with mothers’ dietary diversity in the previous 24 h.ConclusionsSeveral program exposure variables—especially being counselled about nutrition—were associated with improved dietary practices. Improving service delivery at scale may contribute to improved dietary behaviors in larger populations, given the associations we describe, along with findings from the existing literature.
Findings from a feasibility study of estradiol for hypogonadal women with cystic fibrosis-related bone disease
Authors: Wu Malinda , Tirouvanziam Rabindra , Arora Neha , Tangpricha Vin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Advancements in therapies for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have decreased mortality, leading to increased prevalence of chronic complications including bone disease. CF-related bone disease (CFBD) is characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and fragility fractures. Estrogen deficiency increases bone resorption, resulting in decreased BMD that can be restored with estrogen replacement. Current CF guidelines recommend treating female hypogonadal patients with CFBD with estrogen replacement, but no prospective study has investigated the effects of estrogen supplementation on CFBD. Estrogen is known to modulate inflammatory markers and autoimmune diseases.
We proposed to test the hypothesis that estrogen status plays a critical role in optimizing bone health, modulating inflammation, preserving lung function, and maximizing quality of life in premenopausal women with CF.

Methods
We planned a randomized, placebo-controlled, investigator- and patient-blinded, pilot trial with two parallel arms. Eligible subjects were women with CF 18–50 years old with hypogonadism and low BMD who were not taking systemic glucocorticoids, had not had a prior transplant, and did not have contraindications to oral estradiol. Subjects would be block randomized to receive oral estradiol or placebo for 6 months. The primary outcome was feasibility metrics. Secondary outcomes included relative changes in estradiol, bone turnover markers, lung function, inflammatory markers, and quality of life metrics. The study was funded through departmental funds.

Results
Of 233 subjects screened, 86 subjects were women with CF 18–50 years old and none were eligible for participation. Most subjects were excluded due to absent DXA report (24%), normal BMD (22%), or use of systemic estrogen (16%). Due to difficulty recruiting the planned 52 subjects, the trial was closed for recruitment and no subjects were randomized.

Conclusion
This study was designed to investigate the feasibility of a safety and efficacy trial of estrogen therapy for women with CF. Unfortunately, due to eligibility criteria, the study was unable to recruit subjects. This feasibility study highlights the need for improved BMD screening in young women with CF. Future study designs may require the incorporation of a screening DXA as part of subject recruitment.

Trial registration
The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03724955).
Exercise training complementary to specialised early intervention in patients with first-episode psychosis: a feasibility randomised trial
Authors: Midtgaard Julie , Schnor Helle , Bjerre Eik D. , Jespersen Tobias , Jelsøe Nina , Frølund Nanna , Seier Søren , Rønbøg Jacob W. , Nordsborg Nikolai B. , Ebdrup Bjørn H. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to examine feasibility of trial processes and group-based, structured exercise training in patients with first-episode psychosis.

Methods
Twenty-five patients with first-episode psychosis took part in a two-arm randomised feasibility trial. They were individually randomised (1:1) via a computer-generated randomisation sequence and allocated to either an exercise intervention group (INT) or a control group (CON). Patients allocated to INT completed a physical exercise training programme at moderate-to-vigorous intensity, 1 h three times weekly for 8 weeks. CON patients were encouraged to continue their usual level of activity and were offered the training programme after 8 weeks. Primary outcomes included screening rate, recruitment rate, retention rate, attendance and adverse events. Secondary outcomes included heart rate response during training, cardiovascular health (VO2max, resting heart rate, blood pressure), body composition (muscle mass, fat percentage), muscle strength (sit-to-stand, grip strength, jump height) and balance.

Results
Recruitment lasted 6 weeks and 86 out of 324 patients (27%) were screened, 71 of whom (83%) were deemed eligible. Twenty-five (35%) accepted inclusion (mean age 25.5; mean body mass index 25.1) and were subsequently randomised (INT = 13, CON = 12). Retention of patients was 76% and 52% at the 8-week and 16-week follow-up, respectively. Attendance was 43% (min. 9%, max. 96%). No significant changes were observed between groups in secondary physiological outcome measures.

Conclusions
Feasibility was challenged by limited recruitment and retention rates, suggesting that modifications are required if a large-scale randomised controlled trial is to be conducted. Recommendations for modifications are presented and discussed.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03409393. Retrospectively registered.
Examination of the frequency of upward and downward fluctuations in the pressure obtained from the cuff pressure-time curve by continuous measurement of endotracheal tube cuff pressure during thyroid surgery: a case series
Authors: Adachi Koko , Kameyama Yoshinobu , Andoh Kohkichi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Few studies examined time-to-time changes of cuff pressure of an endotracheal tube during surgery. We retrospectively analyzed the changes of cuff pressure during thyroid surgery and examined its relationships with postoperative airway complications.

Case presentation
Cuff pressure was initially adjusted at 26 cmH2O and continuously measured in 61 patients. The cuff pressure-time curve dynamically fluctuated, and exceeded 30 cmH2O in all patients, whereas decreased to ≤ 20 cmH20 in 42 (69%) patients. Ratio of the period with such an increase and decrease of cuff pressure to the total duration of surgery were 40% (28–66%) and 9% (0–21%), respectively (median, interquartile range). No patients showed symptoms of airway stenosis requiring treatment except one who developed recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. No patients had lower respiratory tract infection.

Conclusions
Cuff pressure dynamically fluctuated during thyroid surgery. Preventing an increase as well as decrease of cuff pressure is required.
A new range-extending record of the invasive sea squirt Styela clava in the north of Scotland
Authors: Want Andrew , Kakkonen Jenni E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA new record of an individual of the invasive sea squirt, Styela clava, is reported from Scapa Flow in Orkney, Scotland. This represents a 1.54° latitudinal extension (168 km) from the previous northern-most record in UK waters. Diver surveys of hard substrates in the immediate area, part of local biosecurity protocols, did not find any additional individuals. Possible transport vectors, likelihood of an established reproductively active population, and implications to local biodiversity are discussed.
Inoculating against the spread of Islamophobic and radical-Islamist disinformation
Authors: Lewandowsky Stephan , Yesilada Muhsin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe report the results of a preregistered study that tested the effectiveness of inoculating participants against Islamophobic and radical-Islamist disinformation. Participants in the experimental (inoculation) condition watched a video that explained common rhetorical markers of radical-Islamist and Islamophobic disinformation that had been identified in an analysis of YouTube content. The information was presented in a neutral context not involving Islam and focused on analysis of the misleading argumentation. The control group watched a video about an unrelated topic. Participants were then exposed to target videos with “gateway” content that constituted an entry point to potential Islamist or Islamophobic radicalization. Both videos contained numerous items of disinformation. Participants then answered a variety of questions such as how likely they were to share the video, their level of agreement, and their perceived accuracy of the video. Participants who had received the inoculation displayed less agreement with the video content, perceived the video as less reliable, and were less likely to share it in comparison with participants in the control group. The study provides support for the use of argument-based inoculation in combatting extremist messages.
High-definition mapping of the atria using a novel multipolar mapping catheter in patients with complex adult congenital heart disease
Authors: Paymard Mohammad , Chakrabarti Santabhanu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
The Advisor™ HD Grid Mapping Catheter (Abbott Technologies, Minneapolis, MN) has been recently introduced. Although the clinical use of HD Grid mapping catheter is well described in adults with no congenital heart disease, there is limited data on the feasibility of using the HD Grid multipolar catheter to create voltage and activation mapping in adults with congenital heart disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and technical feasibility of using the Advisor™ HD Grid mapping catheter during the catheter ablation of atrial arrhythmias in adults with congenital heart disease. We included 6 consecutive adults with congenital heart disease suffering from atrial arrhythmias in our study. The HD Grid mapping catheter was used to perform voltage and activation mapping.

Results
Six patients with congenital heart diseases (d-TGA n = 1, Tricuspid atresia n = 1, atrioventricular defect repair n = 1, secundum atrial septal defect n = 1, double-inlet single-ventricle n = 1, Tetralogy of Fallot = 1); majority (84%) male, with the mean age was 35 ± 10 years included in our series. The mean ablation duration and the fluoroscopy time were 789 ± 433 and 502 ± 355 s, respectively. The mean radiation dose was 7.52 ± 9 milliGy/cm2. The HD Grid mapping catheter was used successfully for entire arrhythmia mapping in 5 out of 6 cases. During one procedure, HD Grid mapping catheter could not be used for the entire mapping due to suboptimal reach through baffle puncture. The acute success rate of ablation was 100% with no immediate complications.

Conclusions
The use of HD Grid mapping catheter is a safe and valuable adjunct to accurately create voltage and activation mapping in ACHD patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation. However, a contact force-sensing ablation catheter should be considered in conjunction to supplement data acquisition in challenging anatomy and substrates.
Development of a support system for creating disaster prevention maps focusing on road networks and hazardous elements
Authors: Takenouchi Kaname , Choh Ikuro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs a disaster prevention measure based on self-assistance and mutual assistance, disaster prevention maps are being created with citizen participation throughout Japan. The process of creating disaster prevention maps is itself a disaster prevention measure that contributes to raising awareness of disaster prevention by promoting exchange and cooperation within the region. By focusing on relations between road networks and hazardous elements, we developed a system to support disaster prevention map creation that visualizes roads at high risk during a disaster and facilitates the study of evacuation simulations. This system leads to a completed disaster prevention map in three phases. In the first phase, we use a device with GPS logging functions to collect information related to hazardous elements. In the second phase, we use Google Maps (“online map,” below) to visualize roads with high evacuation risk. In the final phase, we perform a regional evaluation through simulations of disaster-time evacuations. In experimental verifications, by conducting usability tests after creating a disaster prevention map in the target area, we evaluated the system in terms of simple operability and visibility. We found that by implementing this series of processes, even users lacking specialized knowledge regarding disaster prevention can intuitively discover evacuation routes while considering the relations between visualized road networks and hazardous elements. These results show that compared with disaster prevention maps having simple site notations using existing WebGIS systems, disaster prevention maps created by residents while inspecting the target area raise awareness of risks present in the immediate vicinity even in normal times and are an effective support system for prompt disaster prevention measures and evacuation drills.
The traditional and medicinal use of African breadfruit (Treculia africana Decne): an underutilized ethnic food of the Ibo tribe of South East, Nigeria
Authors: Ojimelukwe Philippa C. , Ugwuona Fabian U. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAfrican breadfruit is an underutilized food security crop which is a delicacy for the Ibo ethnic group of South East Nigeria. It is commonly found in West and Central Africa. It is an evergreen large tree that bears about 20–30 pods containing edible seeds, annually. The edible seeds are used as specialty dishes by the Ibo tribe of South East Nigeria. African breadfruit meals have high dietetic value. The pods, leaves and roots are use in traditional medicine. The leaves are particularly rich in carbohydrates, phytochemicals (flavonoids, phenols, cardiac glycosides and anthraquinones) and minerals. These constituents contribute to its antioxidant, antimicrobial and wound healing properties. The stem bark extract is used as a cough remedy and has antimicrobial properties. The water and ethanoic extracts of the root possess antihyperglycaemic properties and also discourage the development of secondary complications of type 2 diabetes. Many of the perceived medicinal and chemical properties have not been scientifically investigated. Although other members of the mulberry family (especially the Artocarpus species) have received some research attention, Treculia africana remains underutilized despite its great potentials as a food security and medicinal crop.
Short-term forecasting of daily infections, fatalities and recoveries about COVID-19 in Algeria using statistical models
Authors: Khan Firdos , Lounis Mohamed 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundA viral disease due to a virus called SARS-Cov-2 spreads globally with a total of 34,627,141 infected people and 1,029,815 deaths. Algeria is an African country where 51,690, 1,741 and 36,282 are currently reported as infected, dead and recovered. A multivariate time series model has been used to model these variables and forecast their future scenarios for the next 20 days.ResultsThe results show that there will be a minimum of 63 and a maximum of 147 new infections in the next 20 days with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals of − 89 to 214 and 108–186, respectively. Deaths’ forecast shows that there will be 8 and 12 minimum and maximum numbers of deaths in the upcoming 20 days with their 95% confidence intervals of 1–17 and 4–20, respectively. Minimum and maximum numbers of recovered cases will be 40 and 142 with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals of − 106 to 185 and 44–239, respectively. The total number of infections, fatalities and recoveries in the next 20 days will be 1850, 186 and 1680, respectively.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that the new infections are higher in number than recover cases, and therefore, the number of infected people may increase in future. This study can provide valuable information for policy makers including health and education departments.
Appraisal of patient-level health economic models of severe mental illness: systematic review
Authors: Altunkaya James , Lee Jung-Seok , Tsiachristas Apostolos , Waite Felicity , Freeman Daniel , Leal José 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundHealthcare decision makers require accurate long-term economic models to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of new mental health interventions.AimsTo assess the suitability of current patient-level economic models to estimate long-term economic outcomes in severe mental illness.MethodWe undertook pre-specified systematic searches in MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO to identify reviews and stand-alone publications of economic models of interventions for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder (PROSPERO: CRD42020158243). We screened paper titles and abstracts to identify unique patient-level economic models. We conducted a structured extraction of identified models, recording the presence of key predefined model features. Model quality and validation were appraised using the 2014 ISPOR and 2016 AdViSHE model checklists.ResultsWe identified 15 unique patient-level models for psychosis and major depressive disorder from 1481 non-duplicate records. Models addressed schizophrenia (n= 6), bipolar disorder (n= 2) and major depressive disorder (n= 7). The predominant model type was discrete event simulation (n= 9). Model complexity and incorporation of patient heterogeneity varied considerably, and only five models extrapolated costs and outcomes over a lifetime horizon. Key model parameters were often based on low-quality evidence, and checklist quality assessment revealed weak model verification procedures.ConclusionsExisting patient-level economic models of interventions for severe mental illness have considerable limitations. New modelling efforts must be supplemented by the generation of good-quality, contemporary evidence suitable for model building. Combined effort across the research community is required to build and validate economic extrapolation models suitable for accurately assessing the long-term value of new interventions from short-term clinical trial data.