bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les dimensions systémiques de la crise des abus dans l’Église catholique et la réforme de l’ecclésiologie courante
Authors: Legrand Hervé 
Published: October 2021

Dans la gestion peu évangélique des délits sexuels, commis par des clercs, l’ecclésiologie catholique courante a montré des faiblesses systémiques, qu’illustre particulièrement l’usage de la dichotomie « sacerdoce et laïcat » dans la forme qu’a favorisée le tridentinisme. Ce dernier a compris l’ordination moins comme accès au pastorat d’une Eglise et plus comme une dotation personnelle de pouvoirs sacramentels, sans liens nécessaires avec une Église locale. Ce modèle connaît sa fin en Occident, malgré son exaltation récente, conjuguée à celle des nouveaux mouvements. Le renouveau passerait par une plus grande responsabilisation des diocèses et de leurs évêques, allant de pair avec une synodalité effective, un statut renouvelé du clergé et une révision de la théologie de la vocation aux ministères ordonnés, dans le sens rappelé par saint Pie X.
Efficacy of Levamisole, Piperazine and their Combination in the Control of Gastrointestinal Worms in Guinea Fowl
Authors: Amemor E. , Nyarku R.E. , Cudjoe P. , Opoku-Agyemang T. , Tasiame W. , Emikpe B.O. 
Published: October 2021

Guinea fowl production is gaining prominence in Ghana and the major health problems associated is helminthosis. However, studies on the use of anthelmintics in guinea fowl had been scanty in literature despite research into more effective drug strategies in controlling helminth infections in poultry. This study was carried out to compare the efficacy of piperazine, levamisole and their combination in the control of gastrointestinal worms from August- December 2019. Six-thousand-layer guinea fowls were divided into four groups (1, 2, 3 and 4). Group 1 was treated with piperazine at 100g/100 L of water, Group 2 with levamisole at 100g/200 L of water, Group 3 with a combination of levamisole and piperazine and Group 4 was the control group. All treatments were administered via water medication and the control group was offered plain water. Faecal samples were collected before and after treatment from each bird. Faecal egg count reduction (FECR) rate was determined for each group. Predominant helminth infections from pre- treatment faecal examinations were Ascaridia galli 100 (60.24 %) which was the highest, followed by Heterakis gallinarum 43 (25.90%), Strongyloides avium 15 (9.04%), Raillietina echinobothridia 7 (4.22) and Syngamus trachea 1 (0.6%). Reduction was statistically significant, p-value ˂ 0.0001 at confidence interval of 95%. The percentage reduction in faecal egg count was 143 (35.75%) for piperazine treatment group, 172 (43%) for levamisole treatment group, 350 (87.50%) for piperazine- levamisole combination group and 4 (1.05%) for the control group. The use of piperazine-levamisole combination was more efficacious and recommended in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in guinea fowl.
The efficacy of a single oral dose of albendazole against soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Sam-Wobo S.O. , Garba Amadou D. , Vlaminck J. , Levecke B. , Adekunle O.N. , Surakat O.A. 
Published: October 2021

Soil Transmitted Helminths (STHs) are Neglected Tropical Diseases of global public health importance. This study evaluated the efficacy of albendazole (ALB) amongst primary school children aged 6 – 16 years in STH-endemic communities in Ogun State, Nigeria. Demographic characteristics were obtained and stool samples were collected and analysed by Kato-Katz at baseline and 15 and 21 days post-treatment. All study participants were treated with a single ALB 400 mg tablet. A total of 282 participants were screened at baseline, of which 151 were found to be excreting STH (51.4%) of which A. lumbricoides was the most prevalent STH (n = 137, 48.6%), followed by hookworm (n = 60 children, 21.3%) and T. trichiura (n = 3; 1.1%). The prevalence across the four schools varied from 31.3% to 73.9% for A. lumbricoides, from 6.8% to 56.3% for hookworm, and from 0.0% and 2.2% for T. trichiura infections. Of the 151 children excreting any STH infection at baseline, 131 (86.8%) provided a stool sample 15 and 21 days after treatment. The mean fecal egg counts across these complete cases at baseline was 5,096 (± 13,735) eggs per gram (EPG) for A. lumbricoides, 2,202 (±7,849) for hookworms and 288 (±375) for T. trichiura. Fifteen days after drug administration the therapeutic efficacy, measured as the reduction in mean fecal egg count (FEC) following drug administration (ERR), was 99.7% (95CI: 99.4-99.9) for A. lumbricoides and 69.2% (95CI: 28.7-92.8) for hookworms. The hookworm ERR at day 14 was reduced due to the continued high egg output of one highly infected individual. One week later, 21 days following drug administration, ERR for hookworm also reached satisfactory levels (99.4% (95CI: 98.7-99.8)). This study highlights that ALB still shows satisfactory efficacy to Ascaris and hookworm infections in Ogun State, Nigeria.
Possible impact of Urbanization on the breeding of Blackfly Vector and transmission of Onchocerciasis in some parts of Nigeria
Authors: Nwoke B.E.B. , Ikpeama C. , Mafuyai H.B. 
Published: October 2021

Onchocerciasis, caused by Onchocerca volvulus is transmitted in Nigeria by female blackflies of the Simulium damnosum group. To monitor interruption of transmission and or elimination of onchocerciasis, traps are normally set and or human landing collection of female flies carried out at high risk areas along these river banks (the breeding sites). Currently, the protocol demands that at least 6000 female flies be collected from each transmission zone for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis in order to determine the infectivity rate of the female blackflies. During the May 2021 Nigerian Onchocerciasis Elimination Committee (NOEC) Meeting, it was observed that very low or no female S. damnosum flies were trapped and or caught in 18 months of field exercise from the river systems in Kebbi and Zamfara States as well as Abuja the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). These river systems hitherto were productive breeding sites of blackfly vector hence transmission of onchocerciasis was active and the areas were endemic for onchocerciasis. Again, these rivers are known to traverse the semi-urban and urban centres in these areas. It was suggested that among other factors, that rapid urbanization in these areas may be a major contributory factor that has affected the ecology of the breeding sites and has made the rivers currently considered non-suitable breeding waters for the blackfly vectors. This study was a literature search undertaken to bring to focus the possibility that urbanization may have negatively impacted on the breeding of Simulium vectors and transmission of onchocerciasis in Kebbi and Zamfara States as well as Abuja, the Federal Capital Territory, and helped the elimination of the disease. Some research questions are also thrown up to guide empirical and operational studies.
Xenomonitoring of trypanosome infectivity in Tse tse flies from Kagarko Local Government Area, Kaduna State Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed S.A. , Auta I.K. , Adamu S.U. , Dadi-Mamud N.J. , Kugu B.A. 
Published: October 2021

Trypanosomiasis is a re-emerging neglected tropical disease, afflicting domestic, wild animals and humans. In this study, the tsetse fly infectivity and species composition of Trypanosoma species were determined in Kagarko Local Government Area, Kaduna State Nigeria using entomological protocol. The tsetse flies were sampled using standard biconical traps and the flies collected were dissected for trypanosome using microscopy as well as expression of tsetse antigen 5 (TAg 5) using molecular tools. Forty seven (47) tsetse flies were collected over a period of four months, of which 13 (34.21%) were infected with Trypanosoma spp. The species of trypanosome identified include T. vivax 7(53.85%), T. congolense 5(38.46%) and T. brucei 1(7.69%), while expression of TAg 5 was observed in four of the examined flies. The presence of the flies with trypanosome of veterinary and medical importance demonstrate the risk of transmission of trypanosomiasis in the study area.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PROFESIONAL GURU (PKP) DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Nafrizal Nafrizal 
Published: October 2021

Upaya untuk meningkatkan kreativitas siswa terhadap materi pembelajaran dapat dilakukan jika minat dan perhatian siswa terfokus untuk memfokuskan minat dan perhatian siswa pada pembelajaran, dapat dilakukan berbagai macam cara misalnya dengan memotivasi, mengikut sertakan siswa untuk bertanya atau menanggapi materi pelajaran yang disajikan dan menggunakan media pembelajaran yang tepat dan menantang. Pembelajaran dapat berlangsung efektif, menarik minat dan perhatian serta menyenagkan jika guru yang mengajar dan siswa yang berperan aktif. Sebagai motivator, fasilitator pembelajaran guru harus mampu menciptakan kondisi yang kondusif, agar siswa belajar lebih tertarik, tertantang dan termotivasi.
Kondisi seperti dapat diciptakan jika guru mampu memilih variasi metode yang sesuai dengan materi pembelajaran yang hendak disajikan. Metode yang baik adalah metode yang membuat siswa belajar aktif dalam kegiatan, kreatif mencari alternatif dalam pemecahan masalah yang dihadapi, konstruktif dalam membangun atau mengadukan bebarapa masalah menjadi lebih baik dan dapat belajar menemukan hal-hal yang baru.
Model Fasilitasi Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru (Sebuah Gagasan Penelitian & Pengembangan)
Authors: Yanawati Hj. 
Published: October 2021

Kompetensi guru merupakan faktor penting bagi keberhasilan upaya meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Standar kompetensi guru meliputi kompetensi paedagogik, kepribadian, profesional, sosial, spiritual dan leadership. Sejalan dengan tantangan kehidupan global, maka peran dan tanggung jawab guru pada masa mendatang akan semakin kompleks, sehingga menuntut guru senantiasa melakukan berbagai peningkatan dan penyesuaian penguasaan kompetensinya.
Untuk menambah standar kualitas guru, Kemendikbud akan mengajukan tiga pola pembinaan guru, yaitu uji kompetensi, penilaian kinerja (PKG), dan diklat secara berkelanjutan dan berjenjang (PKB). Salah satu dari sekian banyak kegiatan PKB untuk pengembangan diri adalah kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh guru secara mandiri dan yang dilakukan oleh guru bekerja sama dengan guru lain dalam satu sekolah. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini relatif lebih mandiri dan berbeda-beda antara satu guru dengan guru yang lain dalam satu sekolah, maupun antar satu sekolah dengan sekolah lain.
Secara teknis kegiatan ini juga tidak diatur secara baku, hal ini sangat mungkin akan menimbulkan berbagai kendala bagi guru, bahkan mungkin dapat muncul kerancuan. Kesemuannya ini dikhawatirkan akan mengakibatkan hal yang kontra produktif, khususnya yang terkait dengan pencapaian standar-standar peningkatan kompetensi guru yang seharusnya dipenuhi sesuai kebutuhan. Untuk meminimalisasi berbagai kekuaran yang ada, maka diperlukan model yang dapat memfasilitasi kegiatan ini secara komprehensip, sehingga pelaksanaannya dapat lebih terstandar.
Gagasan ini merupakan gagasan penelitian menggunakan jenis Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan/research and development (R&D). Model yang digunakan adalah R&D model Borg &Gall, yang meliputi sepuluh langkah yaitu: (1) Research and Information Collection, (2) Planning, (3) Develop Preliminary form Product, (4) Preliminary Fieild Testing, (5) Main Product Revision, (6) Main Field Testing, (7) Operational Produc Revision, (8) Operational Field Testing, (9) Final Product Revision, and (10) Disemination and Implementasi.
Hoe je moeder te vermoorden?
Authors: Lardinois André 
Published: October 2021

Summary
In this paper I argue for a psychological reading of the Electra of Euripides. The negative qualifications of Clytaemnestra by the farmer, the chorus and the old man strengthen the conviction of Electra and Orestes that they have no choice but to kill their mother, so that in the first half of the play they only consider how to do it, not if they should do it. Their conviction is challenged when Clytaemnestra arrives on stage in the fourth episode and is allowed to defend herself, but only radically changes after they have committed the murder. Then they come, as it were, to their senses and the chorus too sees their actions in a different light. To shed light on the processes at play, I draw comparisons with such modern concepts as ‘peer pressure’ and ‘tunnel vision’ and discuss the jealousy Electra seems to feel for her mother, which fuels her anger. As a starting point, the introduction explains the democratic qualities of the genre of tragedy, in particular the way it asked the original audience to judge the characters on stage in the same way as they had to judge plaintiffs or the accused in the Athenian law courts.
Het schild van Achilles in Euripides’
Authors: van Uum Paul 
Published: October 2021

Summary
This article examines the first stasimon of Euripides’ Electra, which contains a description of the shield of Achilles. After an introduction on the choral ode, the shield of Achilles is subjected to archaeological analysis. This analysis focuses on the question whether the decorative emblems on the shield are realistic or fantastic. The question is, in other words, whether this shield could appear on the archaic-classical battlefield. Important in this discussion is also to what extent the shield design is influenced by the description of Achilles’ shield in Iliad 18. The article ends with a literary interpretation of the shield emblems, relating for instance the images of Perseus and the Gorgon, the sun and stars, as well as the Sfinx and the Chimaera to the events in the plot.
Geef leerlingen ruimte om de Aeneis te interpreteren
Authors: Adema Suzanne 
Published: October 2021

Summary
The interpretation of Greek and Latin texts is one of the learning objectives of the Dutch secondary school curriculum in Greek and Latin languages and cultures. In this context, ‘interpretation’ entails both the skill to find meaning in Greek and Latin texts yourself and knowledge of existing interpretations. This article aims to combine these two aspects of interpretation when teaching Virgil’s Aeneid. I suggest that a narratological approach of space enables students to interpret the text themselves, while it subsequently enables their teachers to give insight into existing interpretations and academic discussions of the poem.
Cicero’s defence of Sextus Roscius and the Sullan res publica
Authors: Steel Catherine 
Published: October 2021

Summary
The approach Cicero takes in his defence of Sextus Roscius forces him to discuss recent political events, above all the proscriptions and Sulla’s position as dictator. This is a deliberate choice by Cicero, which does not prevent him from constructing an effective defence but allows him to combine that defence with the articulation of a vision for the Sullan res publica. This vision does not conflict with any of Sulla’s acts, but allows Cicero to argue that more work needs to be done to secure Sulla’s achievement and to suggest that he, despite his youth and lack of experience, can be part of the res publica towards which he and the jurors should work.
Achtergronden bij het gebruik van het augment in Homerus
Authors: van Beek Lucien , van der Lugt Joris 
Published: October 2021

Summary
The function of the augment in Homer is a widely discussed issue in Greek linguistics. The traditional view that the Homeric augment is a temporal marker, just like in Classical Greek, has been questioned during the last decades. This article first summarizes the most relevant observations that have been made and evaluates their strengths and weaknesses. First of all, the high frequency of the augment on the aorist in gnomes and similes, but also when the current result of a past action is highlighted, suggests that the augment does not refer to a past event. The type of discourse, moreover, correlates with the frequency of the augment: it is used relatively often in similes and character speech, but not in narrative. This is why the function of the augment has in recent years been interpreted as deictic (Bakker) or pragmatic (Mumm). In our view, metrical considerations and morphological restrictions influence the use of the augment rather heavily, but if that is taken into consideration, a pragmatic function of the augment seems plausible. We illustrate these points and the remaining problems by discussing augment use in three passages from the Iliad.
Waarom nedum altijd ‘laat staan’ betekent
Authors: Schrickx Josine 
Published: October 2021

Summary

Nedum is comparable to English let alone, German geschweige (denn) and Dutch laat staan (dat). Like these modern counterparts it can be paraphrased with ‘much more’ or ‘much less’, depending on the context. If nedum introduces a clause, it can always be paraphrased with ‘much less’. If it introduces only part of a clause and does not have an inflected verb in its scope, the paraphrase depends on the previous clause. If this previous clause contains a semantic negation, nedum can be paraphrased with ‘much less’, if it contains a lexical or pragmatic negation or no negation at all, nedum can be paraphrased with ‘much more’.
Iconiciteit als taalkundig anker
Authors: Nijk Arjan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
One of the central precepts in classical rhetorical theory is that form should match content. In many places, classical rhetoricians encourage their readers to use iconic language, which means that the speech or written discourse resembles the conceptual content in its form (for example, through sound effects, rhythmic patterns, clause length). This presupposes that the processing of the formal properties of the discourse (mainly a perceptual operation) interferes with the processing of the linguistic meaning it conveys (a conceptual operation). The question is how this interaction between the two types of operation can be described in linguistic terms. I argue that a meaningful answer to these questions can be given within the framework of Cognitive Linguistics. In this paradigm, iconicity can be understood as a communicative strategy whereby the depictive aspects of the discourse facilitate the processing of its conceptual meaning.
HUBUNGAN PENDAPATAN EKONOMI DENGAN TINGKAT DEPRESI GURU SELAMA WORK FROM HOME PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Leonita Acknes , Mandagi Ayik Mirayanti , Fakhira Amira Dhisa , Rahmasari Nadiyah 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTThe Covid-19 pandemic has prompted the government to adopt a work from home policy. Not only has an impact on the economic sector during the Covid-19 pandemic, but impact on the education sector. The learning activities are also conducted online. During the Covid-19 pandemic, rates of depression may increase due to social isolation. The purpose of this research determined the relationship between economic income and the level of teacher depression while WFH during the Covid-19 pandemic in Jabodetabek. This research uses a quantitative descriptive with a cross-sectional study design theory of Isac Michael I. Data was collectedin by distributing questionnaires, order to obtain a sample of 100 teachers. Based on the results of statistical tests used the Chi-square test, the data obtained p-value = 0.523, it means that there was no relationship teacher economic income and the level of depression. The conclusion from the results of the research was that most teachers experienced a reduction in salaries during the Covid-19 pandemic, but based on statistical results there was no relationship economic income and the level of teacher depression. Recommendation that teachers can do is to improve time management properly during WFH in order to prevent depression during the Covid-19 pandemicKeywords: Economic Income, Depression Level, Work from Home.

ABSTRAKPandemi Covid-19 mendorong pemerintah untuk mengadopsi kebijakan bekerja dari rumah (WFH). Tidak hanya berdampak pada sektor ekonomi dimasa pandemi Covid-19, tetapi juga berdampak pada sektor pendidikan. Kegiatan belajar mengajar juga dilakukan secara online. Selama pandemi Covid-19, tingkat depresi dapat meningkat karena isolasi sosial. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pendapatan ekonomi dengan tingkat depresi guru selama WFH pada pandemi Covid-19 di Jabodetabek. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional menggunakan teori Isac Michael I. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara online dengan menyebarkan kuesioner, sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 100 guru. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik chi-square diperoleh data p-value= 0,523 artinya tidak ada hubungan antara pendapatan ekonomi guru dengan tingkat depresi. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sebagian besar guru mengalami pengurangan gaji selama masa pandemi Covid-19, namun berdasarkan hasil statistik tidak terdapat hubungan antara pendapatan ekonomi dengan tingkat depresi guru. Rekomendasi yang dapat dilakukan guru adalah meningkatkan manajemen waktu dengan baik selama WFH agar dapat mencegah kejadian depresi selama pandemi Covid-19.Kata Kunci: Pendapatan Ekonomi, Tingkat Depresi, Bekerja Dari Rumah.
Azacitidine (Onureg)
Authors: Reimbursement Team  
Published: October 2021

CADTH recommends that Onureg be reimbursed by public drug plans as maintenance therapy for the treatment of adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who have achieved complete remission (CR) or complete remission with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) after induction therapy with or without consolidation treatment, and are ineligible for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), if certain conditions are met.
Onureg should only be covered to treat adult patients (at least 18 years of age) with newly diagnosed AML who have certain genetic changes that lead to greater risk of having unfavourable disease outcomes (i.e., intermediate- or poor-risk cytogenetics) and who are ineligible for HSCT. Patients eligible for reimbursement of Onureg must have achieved first remission (defined as CR or CRi) following induction with or without consolidation chemotherapy, have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 3, and adequate organ function.
Onureg should only be reimbursed if prescribed by clinicians with expertise managing patients with AML, familiarity with Onureg’s toxicity profile exists, and its cost is reduced.