bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phantom to control the thermal ablation process
Authors: Makarov V. N. , Shmeliova D. V. , Boos N. A. 
Published: March 2021

Medical equipment, due to its specificity, requires precise adjustment and testing. Therefore, before direct exposure to a human organism, the equipment is tested on specialized mock-ups of human tissue – phantoms. The physicochemical characteristics of phantoms should be close to the characteristics of the selected biological tissue. Depending on the task at hand, the design of the phantom itself and its properties will be different. The aim of this work is to create a phantom that clearly demonstrates the distribution of the thermal field in the volume during heating while maintaining the heating pattern for several hours. The studies were carried out on an experimental stand, which contained a device for radio frequency ablation of tissues “METATOM-3” with a set of electrodes, a thermal imager, and a tripod for fixing the electrodes. Animal tissue (pig liver) and plant tissue (potatoes) were used as biological tissue simulators. The most suitable imitator turned out to be potatoes, because the electrophysical parameters of potatoes are close to those of the human parenchymal organs. Thermal exposure of potatoes at 58–62°C leads to changes in the starch characteristics: the appearance of a fine-crystalline structure filled with water from the surrounding space is observed. As a result, volumetric changes in the structure of plant tissue appear at the place of heating, which makes it possible to evaluate the results of thermal exposure. To form a clearer thermogram, part of the potato is cut off. In general, potatoes have a narrow temperature range of reaction in the range of 58–62°C, which conveniently coincides with the temperature of cell death (60°C). The experiments carried out show the effectiveness of such a phantom. The obtained pictures of thermal field are reliable and persist for several hours. Experimental studies of various singleelectrode and multi-electrode systems provide ground for recommending this phantom for the practice of developing radio-frequency and microwave ablation systems.
Penyuluhan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Hayati di Kampung Talang Jawa Kelurahan Pulo Kerto Kota Palembang
Authors: Marlina Neni , Rosmiah Rosmiah , Siti Amniah Iin , Hawayanti Erni 
Published: March 2021

Pupuk organik hayati merupakan pupuk organik yang berbahan baku limbah asal hewani atau nabati yang diperkaya dengan bakteri. Limbah asal hewani dan nabati yang selama ini kurang termanfaatkan atau berserakan di lingkungan sekitar Kampung dapat termanfaatkan menjadi pupuk organik hayati. Pupuk organik hayati ini merupakan salah satu teknologi yang dapat mengefisienkan pemakaian pupuk pada tanaman. Pembuatannya praktis dan sangat mudah dilakukan oleh masyarakat serta pemanfaatannya besar dalam meningkatkan produksi tanaman. Penyuluhan dilaksanakan di Kampung Talang Jawa Kelurahan Pulo Kerto Kecamatan Gandus Kota Palembang pada tanggal 25 Agustus 2019 bersama mahasiswa KKN Angkatan 52 tahun 2019. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu sosialisasi cara pembuatan pupuk organik hayati dengan menggunakan limbah hewani dan nabati yang ada disekitar lingkungan. Masyarakat Kampung Talang Jawa sangat antusias dan semangat untuk mencoba membuat pupuk organik hayati.
A note on the diophantine equation x<sup>2</sup> = y<sup>2</sup> + 3z<sup>2</sup>
Authors: Majumdar Abdullah Al Kafi , Ahmed Abul Kalam Ziauddin 
Published: March 2021

In the study of 60-degree and 120-degree triangles, one encounters the Diophantine equations of the form x2 = y2 + 3z2. This paper considers the characteristics of the solution of the Diophantine equation. More specifically, it is shown that the equation has solutions of the form x= p = 3n + 1 for some integer n (>0), where p is a prime with 7£ p £199.
Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 44, No. 2, 201-205, 2020
Sociodemographic, Clinico-Laboratory Characteristics with Short Outcome among Acute Heart Failure Patients Admitted for First Time in a Tertiary Care Hospital: a Real Life Experience
Authors: Kabir AKM Humayon , Sayeed SK Jakaria Been , Biswas Prodip Kumar , Hossain Mohammad Zaid , Rahman Sabrina , Rana Md Masud , Majumder Manash Shekhar , Basak Deepankar Kumar , Kabir ABM Shafiullah , Adnan Mirza Asif 
Published: March 2021

Acute heart failure is one of the common causes of morbidity & mortality among the patients admitted in hospital. This prospective observational study was done to characterize sociodemographic, clinical & laboratory characteristics with short clinical outcome. Total 110 patients of acute heart failure were included in this study where mean age was 53.88 (± 14.6) years. Majority of the patients were aged between 51-60 years 35 (32%). 79(72%) of them smoker and 12(11%) were alcoholic. Major comorbidities were hypertension 59 (53.63%), ischemic heart disease 42 (38.18%), DM 39(35.45%), chronic kidney disease 25(22.72%). Most common symptoms at presentation were shortness of breath110(100%) along with palpitation 96(87.27%), orthopnea 85(77.27%), paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea 59(53.63%), ankle edema 71(64.54%), raised JVP 75(68.18%), bilateral basal crepitation on auscultation 80(72.72%), anemia 19 (17.27%) & oliguria 23(20.90%) where mean duration of symptoms was 11 ± 2 days. Lab investigations revealed decreased Hemoglobin (10.71 ± 1.49) g/dl, proteinuria in 31 (28.18%), ketone body 5 (4.5%), raised creatinine in 23(20.93%), hyponatremia 38 (34.54%), hypernatremia 6 (5.45%), hypokalemia 6 (5.45%), hyperkalemia 3 (2.72%). Regarding cardiac events 37(33.63%) encounter myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock 29(26.36%), Cardiac arrhythmia 27 (24.5%), cardiac arrest 6 (5.45%), non-cardiac events like stroke 6(5.45%), hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state 2(1.8%), diabetic ketoacidosis 5(5.45%), acute kidney injury 23(20.90%). However, among cardiac arrhythmia atrial fibrillation found 13(11.81%) followed by multiple ventricular ectopic 12 (10.90%), ventricular tachycardia 7 (6.36%), Complete heart block 6 (5.45%), variable heart block 4 (3.63%), long QT 2(1.8%). Regarding short clinical outcome 52(47.27%) were improved, 40 (36.36%) had persistent symptoms & rest 18 (16.36%) expired. Most common causes of those deceased person were cardiogenic shock 9(50%) followed by cardiac arrest 6 (6.33%). In conclusion we can say clinical characteristics are more or less similar but those who have reduced ejection fraction with comorbidities are very prone to develop cardiac arrhythmia causing sudden cardiac death in heart failure.
J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 28, No.2, October, 2019, Page 192-198
Pattern of Presentation and Organ Involvement in Dengue Fever at Dhaka Medical College Hospital
Authors: Rahman Motlabur , Hasan Pratyay , Farheen Tanjina , Islam Md Khairul , Rashid Md Harun Ur , Haque Md Manjurul , Faruq Imtiaz , Chowdhury Jobayer Anam , Datta Ponkaj Kanti 
Published: March 2021

Dengue fever first identified as ‘Dhaka Fever’ in 1964 & became endemic around 2000. The most recent spreading of dengue in 2019 was also notable for change in the presenting features of the patients attributed by some to the fact that causative virus might be of different serotype. Our study aims to assess the current pattern of presentation of dengue virus infection, done in inpatient of Department of Medicine of Dhaka Medical College Hospital Dhaka. This was a crosssectional, observational, descriptive study conducted between 1st August and 30th September 2019. A total 70 subjects, age >12 years were included in this study. Among them 55 were male & 15 were female, with a mean age of 28.33(±12.15) years. Comorbidities noticed in few cases such as DM (2, 2.90%), HTN (3, 4.35%), IHD (1,1.45%), CKD & COPD (1,1.45%). The most common presentation were fever (64, 91.43%), headache (62, 88.57%) anorexia (59, 85.51%), generalised pain (51, 73.91%), nausea (49, 71.01%). Examination findings at admission were temperature was high but not very high, pulse were normal, both systolic & diastolic pressure were somewhat normal, among the warning signs, severe abdominal pain (27.54%), persistent vomiting (21.74%), lethargy /restlessness /sudden behavioural change (21.74%) were most common. The common haematological parameters & routine investigation values were not deviated from expected range. As dengue is likely to continue to constitute a serious public health problem in Bangladesh, this study may help the practitioners to understand the changing pattern & to manage patients accordingly.
J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 28, No.2, October, 2019, Page 199-207
Ultrasonographic Evaluation in Early Diagnosis of Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Authors: Saha Gopal Chandra , Biswas Prodip Kumar , Uddin Md Nasir , Hossain Sahadat , Jahan Nur Wa Bushra , Khatun Mst Habiba , Ahmed Md Zobaer , Chowdhury A H 
Published: March 2021

Background: Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is a common cause of gastric outlet obstruction in infants. This study was conducted to identify the accuracy of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of infantile Hypertrophic pyloric Stenosis.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive. Study was conducted in Department of radiology and imaging, institute of child and mother health during two year period from 16th September 2016 to 16th September 2018. Fifty patients <8 weeks of age who presented with complaints of non-bilious vomiting were included in the study. Abdominal ultrasound was performed in all the cases. On ultrasonography pyloric canal length, diameter and pyloric muscle wall thickness was measured. Open surgery was performed as per indications and after informed consent. The pre-operative findings were compared with ultrasongraphic findings. Study variable were male to female ratio, percentage of cases in which pyloric mass was palpable. We also compare the duration of onset of symptoms with pyloric canal length, diameter and muscle thickness.
Results: In this study, out of 50 patients, 46 (92%) were male and 4 (8%) were females. Gastric peristalsis was visible in 100% patients and mass was palpable in 14 (28%) patients. Pyloric canal length was more than standard in 98% cases; canal diameter was more than the standard in 87% cases and pyloric muscle thickness in 60% of cases. Ultrasonographic findings remained 98% accurate in this study.
Conclusion: Ultrasonography is an investigation of choice for early diagnosis of IHPS before significant fluid and electrolyte imbalance occur. It is cost effective, harmless, freely available and easier to perform.
J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 28, No.2, October, 2019, Page 208-211
Cutting efficiency of ProDesign R, Reciproc Blue and WaveOne Gold reciprocating instruments
Authors: Campos Ana Elisa Aguiar , Soares Adriana de Jesus , Limoeiro Ana Grasiela da Silva , Cintra Fernanda Tessaro , Frozoni Marcos , Campos Gabriel Rocha 
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to evaluate, in vitro, the cutting efficiency and time spent for instrumentation of three different heat-treated reciprocating systems in simulated straight canals. Forty-five acrylic blocks with a straight simulated root canal with 21 millimeters in length were initially weighed (P1). After weighing the blocks were divided into three groups (n = 15) and each group prepared with the following systems: ProDesign R 25.06 (Bassi/Easy, Belo Horizonte, Brazil), Reciproc Blue25.08 (VDW, Munich, Germany) and Wave one Gold (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland). The time spent for the total preparation of each block was recorded. After instrumentation, they were subjected to final weighing (P2). The difference between P1 and P2 determined the amount of material removed (cutting efficiency) by each mechanized system. The statistical analysis was performed by the ANOVA test of each of the variables, for multiple comparisons of means the turkey test was used. As for preparation time, it can be seen that ProDesign R showed a longer preparation time (P <0.5) compared to Reciproc Blue and Wave one Gold. Regarding cutting efficiency, there was no statistical difference between the groups (P> 0.5). In straight simulated canals, the type of reciprocating instrument influences the time for instrumentation; however, it shows similar cutting efficiency.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Toro Rosso Team as a Supporting Team of Red Bull Concern in Formula 1
Authors: Egorov Nikita , Averin Alexander 
Published: March 2021

Background. The main goal of this research was to study the activities of Formula 1 team Toro Rosso in order to understand the peculiarities of its functioning and its role in realization of the performance program of Red Bull concern in this auto racing championship. This study provided an in-depth look at one of the most unusual examples of partnership in professional sports – Red Bull and Toro Rosso alliance.
Methods. The main research method was the collection and interpretation of statistical data concerning various characteristics of the performance of Toro Rosso team and its pilots in Formula 1, primarily sports performance. Also, additional facts were collected, which made it possible to give a more detailed description of the role of the Toro Rosso team in realizing the goals of Red Bull concern in Formula 1.
Results. During the study various characteristics were identified that reflect the peculiarities of managing Toro Rosso team. Among them we want to admit the next ones: A) Toro Rosso confirms the status of the team that prepares pilots for the performance in the main team Red Bull; B) TR, with some features, matches the status of “junior” team; C)–among the personnel decisions, connected with the Toro Rosso team in Formula 1, there were both successful and ineffective ones; D) the team brings sufficient benefits to both the main team of Red Bull and the entire Austrian concern.
Conclusions. Toro Rosso team proves the effectiveness of its existence and its value for Red Bull concern, and in order to increase the efficiency of its activity the leaders of Austrian company should continue to realize the strengths of the team, taking into account the interests of the RB main team, and, at the same time, improve the principles of personnel policy, carefully think out the positioning of team and correct the character of work of Red Bull Junior Team program.
Keywords: sports partnership, management, motorsport, team-satellite.
Activation of Bone Marrow Adaptive Immunity in Type 2 Diabetes: Rescue by Co-stimulation Modulator Abatacept
Authors: Santopaolo Marianna , Sullivan Niall , Thomas Anita Coral , Alvino Valeria Vincenza , Nicholson Lindsay B. , Gu Yue , Spinetti Gaia , Kallikourdis Marinos , Blom Ashley , Madeddu Paolo 
Published: March 2021

Background: Chronic low-grade inflammation and alterations in innate and adaptive immunity were reported in Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we investigated the abundance and activation of T cells in the bone marrow (BM) of patients with T2D. We then verified the human data in a murine model and tested if the activation of T cells can be rescued by treating mice with abatacept, an immunomodulatory drug employed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical evidence indicated abatacept can slow the decline in beta-cell function.Methods: A cohort of 24 patients (12 with T2D) undergoing hip replacement surgery was enrolled in the study. Flow cytometry and cytokine analyses were performed on BM leftovers from surgery. We next compared the immune profile of db/db and control wt/db mice. In an additional study, db/db mice were randomized to receive abatacept or vehicle for 4 weeks, with endpoints being immune cell profile, indices of insulin sensitivity, and heart performance.Results: Patients with T2D showed increased frequencies of BM CD4+ (2.8-fold, p = 0.001) and CD8+ T cells (1.8-fold, p = 0.01), with the upregulation of the activation marker CD69 and the homing receptor CCR7 in CD4+ (1.64-fold, p = 0.003 and 2.27-fold, p = 0.01, respectively) and CD8+ fractions (1.79-fold, p = 0.05 and 1.69-fold, p = 0.02, respectively). These differences were confirmed in a multivariable regression model. CCL19 (CCR7 receptor ligand) and CXCL10/11 (CXCR3 receptor ligands), implicated in T-cell migration and activation, were the most differentially modulated chemokines. Studies in mice confirmed the activation of adaptive immunity in T2D. Abatacept reduced the activation of T cells and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and improved cardiac function but not insulin sensitivity.Conclusions: Results provide proof-of-concept evidence for the activation of BM adaptive immunity in T2D. In mice, treatment with abatacept dampens the activation of adaptive immunity and protects from cardiac damage.
Pan-Cancer Analysis of NOS3 Identifies Its Expression and Clinical Relevance in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zou Dan , Li Zhi , Lv Fei , Yang Yi , Yang Chunjiao , Song Jincheng , Chen Yang , Jin Zi , Zhou Jinpeng , Jiang Yang , Ma Yanju , Jing Zhitao , Tang Yu , Zhang Ye 
Published: March 2021

Background:NOS3 (endothelial NOS, eNOS) is a member of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme family, mainly participating in nitric oxide (NO) generation. NOS3 has been reported to inhibit apoptosis and promote angiogenesis, proliferation, and invasiveness. However, the expression pattern of NOS3 and its diagnostic and prognostic potential has not been investigated in a pan-cancer perspective.Methods: Data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), and the Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP) were employed and NOS3 expression was comprehensively analyzed in normal tissues, cancer tissues, and cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining of tissue sections were used to validate the prognostic role of NOS3 in gastric cancer patients. GSVA and GSEA analyses were performed to investigate signaling pathways related to NOS3 expression.Results: In normal tissues, NOS3 was expressed highest in the spleen and lowest in the blood. NOS3 expression was increased in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) and significantly associated with poor prognosis of patients. Immunohistochemical staining validated that NOS3 was an independent prognostic factor of gastric cancer. Several canonical cancer-related pathways were found to be correlated with NOS3 expression in STAD. The expression of NOS3 was related to the response to QS-11 and brivinib in STAD.Conclusions:NOS3 was an independent prognostic factor for patients with STAD. Increased expression of NOS3 influenced occurrence and development of STAD through several canonical cancer-related pathways. Drug response analysis reported drugs to suppress NOS3. NOS3 might be a novel target for gastric cancer treatment.
Third Follow-Up of the Study on Occupational Allergy Risks (SOLAR III) in Germany: Design, Methods, and Initial Data Analysis
Authors: Forster Felix , Kreißl Sylvia , Wengenroth Laura , Vogelberg Christian , von Mutius Erika , Schaub Bianca , Nowak Dennis , Weinmann Tobias , Radon Katja , Gerlich Jessica 
Published: March 2021

Introduction:Asthma and allergies are complex diseases affected by genetic and environmental factors, such as occupational and psychosocial factors, as well as interactions between them. Although childhood is a critical phase in the development of asthma and allergies, few cohort studies on occupational outcomes followed up participants from childhood onwards. We present design, methods, and initial data analysis for the third follow-up of SOLAR (Study on Occupational Allergy Risks), a prospective and population-based German asthma and allergy cohort.Methods:The SOLAR cohort was initially recruited in 1995–1996 for Phase II of the German branch of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC II) and followed up three times since, in 2002–2003, 2007–2009, and 2017–2018. During the third follow-up (SOLAR III), participants were between 29 and 34 years old. Since SOLAR focuses on occupational exposures, follow-ups were conducted at important points in time of the development of participants' career. To evaluate the potential of selection bias, responders and non-responders were compared based on variables from earlier study phases. In responders, frequency and pattern of missing values were examined and compared within the subsets of paper and online versions of the used questionnaires.Results:In total, 1,359 participants completed the questionnaire of the third follow-up (47.3% of eligible participants). Initially, the cohort started with 6,399 participants from the ISAAC II questionnaire study. A selection process led to a study population that is more female, higher educated, smokes less and has a higher proportion of certain asthma and allergy symptoms (also in their parents) than the initial cohort. Pattern and frequency of missing values were different for paper and online questionnaires.Discussion:The third follow-up of the SOLAR cohort offers the opportunity to analyze the course of asthma and allergies and their associations to environmental, occupational and psychosocial risk factors over more than 20 years from childhood to adulthood. Selection processes within the cohort might lead to bias that needs to be considered in future analyses.
Protection Against Solar Ultraviolet Radiation in Outdoor Construction Workers: Study Protocol for a Non-randomized Controlled Intervention Study
Authors: Keurentjes Anne J. , Kezic Sanja , Rustemeyer Thomas , Hulshof Carel T. J. , van der Molen Henk F. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) incidence is increasing, and occupational solar exposure contributes greatly to the overall lifetime ultraviolet radiation (UVR) dose. This is reflected in an excess risk of NMSC showing up to three-fold increase in outdoor workers. Risk of NMSC can be reduced if appropriate measures to reduce UVR-exposure are taken. Regular use of sunscreens showed reduced risk of NMSC. However, sun-safety behavior in outdoor workers is poor. The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of an intervention aiming at increasing sunscreen use by construction workers.Methods: This non-randomized controlled intervention study is comprised of two intervention and two control groups recruited at four different construction sites in the Netherlands. The study population comprises ~200 construction workers, aged 18 years or older, followed during 12 weeks. The intervention consists of providing dispensers with sunscreens (SPF 50+) at construction sites and regular feedback on the application achieved by continuous electronic monitoring. All groups will receive basic information on UV-exposure and skin protection. Stratum corneum (SC) samples will be collected for measurement of biomarkers to assess internal UV-dose. External UV-dose will be assessed by personal UV-sensors worn by the workers during work-shifts in both groups. To detect presence of actinic keratosis (AK) or NMSC, a skin check of body parts exposed to the sun will be performed at the end of the study. The effect of the intervention will be assessed from data on self-reported sunscreen use by means of questionnaires collected on baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention (primary outcome). Levels of SC biomarkers of internal UV-dose, external UV-dose, number of sunburn episodes, and prevalence of NMSC including AK will be assessed as secondary outcomes. The electronically monitored sunscreen consumption will be assessed as process outcome.Discussion: This study is intended to provide evidence of the effectiveness of a technology-driven intervention to increase sunscreen use in outdoor construction workers. Furthermore, it will increase insight in the UV-protective behavior, external and internal UV-exposure, and the prevalence of NMSC, including AK, in construction workers.Trial Registration: The Netherlands Trial Register (NTR): NL8462 Registered on March 19, 2020.