bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sigmoidal water retention function with improved behaviour in dry and wet soils
Authors: de Rooij Gerrit Huibert , Mai Juliane , Madi Raneem 
Published: February 2021

Abstract. A popular parameterized soil water retention curve (SWRC) has a hydraulic conductivity curve associated with it that can have a physically unacceptable infinite slope at saturation. The problem was eliminated before by giving the SWRC a non-zero air entry value. This improved version still has an asymptote at the dry end, which limits its usefulness for dry conditions and causes its integral to diverge for commonly occurring parameter values. We therefore joined the parameterizations' sigmoid midsection to a logarithmic dry section ending at zero water content for a finite matric potential, as was done previously for a power-law-type SWRC. We selected five SWRC parameterizations that had been proven to produce unproblematic near-saturation conductivities and fitted these and our new curve to data from 21 soils. The logarithmic dry branch gave more realistic extrapolations into the dry end of both the retention and the conductivity curves than an asymptotic dry branch. We tested the original curve, its first improvement, and our second improvement by feeding them into a numerical model that calculated evapotranspiration and deep drainage for nine combinations of soils and climates. The new curve was more robust than the other two. The new curve was better able to produce a conductivity curve with a substantial drop during the early stages of drying than the earlier improvement. It therefore generated smaller amounts of more evenly distributed deep drainage compared to the spiked response to rainfall produced by the earlier improvement.
Analisis Pendapatan Usahatani Kedelai (Glycine Max L) Di Desa Malik Kecamatan Bualemo Kabupaten Banggai
Authors: Tatu Irsan , Zaenuddin Ruslan , Artedane Putu 
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui tingkat pendapatan petani pada usahatani kedelai di Desa Malik Kecamatan Bualemo Kabupaten Banggai serta Untuk mengetahui Tingkat Kelayakan Usahatani Kedelai di Desa Malik Kecamatan Bualemo Kabupaten Banggai. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer dapat dilakukan dengan cara wawancara langsung dengan responden dengan bantuan daftar pertanyaan (quisioner) sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari instansi terkait yang ada hubungannya dengan penelitian. Penentuan responden dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode sampel sensus, dimana jumlah populasi petani kedelai adalah 30 KK sehingga dalam pengambilan sampel (responden) penelitian mengambil keseluruhan dari populasi yaitu 30 KK. Model analisis data yang di gunakan dalam penelitian Ini adalah analisis pendapatan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian usahatani Kedelai di Desa Malik Kecamatan Bualemo selama satu musim tanam yaitu Besarnya pendapatan petani kedelai di Desa Malik Kecamatan Bualemo dari hasil pengurangan antara Total Penerimaan (TR) sebesar Rp 10.905.333,33 dengan Total Biaya (TC) sebesar Rp 4.980.448,22 adalah sebesar Rp. 5.924.885,11. Besarnya Tingkat Kelayakan Usahatani Kedelai (R/C ratio) 2,19 Artinya usahatani Kedelai di Desa Malik layak untuk diusahakan dan ini berarti setiap penambahan pengeluaran sebesar 1,00 akan menyebabkan penambahan penerimaan sebesar Rp 2,19.
This study aims to determine the level of farmers' income in soybean farming in Malik Village, Bualemo District, Banggai Regency and to determine the Feasibility Level of Soybean Farming in Malik Village, Bualemo District, Banggai Regency. The data collected in this study are primary data and secondary data. Primary data can be done by direct interviews with respondents with the help of a questionnaire, while secondary data is obtained from related agencies that are related to the research. Determination of respondents can be done using the census sample method, where the population of soybean farmers is 30 households so that in taking the sample (respondents) the study took the entire population, namely 30 households. The data analysis model used in this research is income analysis. Based on the results of research on soybean farming in Malik Village, Bualemo District during one planting season, namely the amount of soybean farmers' income in Malik Village, Bualemo District, from the reduction between Total Revenue (TR) of IDR 10,905,333.33 with a Total Cost (TC) of IDR 4,980. 448.22 is Rp. 5,924,885.11. The amount of Soybean Farming Feasibility (R / C ratio) 2.19 This means that the Soybean farming in Malik Village is feasible to be cultivated and this means that each additional expenditure of 1.00 will cause an additional income of Rp 2.19.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Usahatani Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale L) di Desa Malik Makmur
Authors: Rustiawati Yuni , Yatim Hertasning , Triantoro Bambang 
Published: February 2021

Jambu mete merupakan kualitas unggulan di Desa Malik Makmur. Sebagian besar usahatani jambu mete adalah perkebunan rakyat. Total luas areal perkebunan jambu mete di Desa Malik Makmur pada bulan Mei tahun 2018 adalah sebesar 152 Ha dengan jumlah produksi 98 ton. Penelitian yang dilakukan di Desa Malik Makmur, Penentuan responden dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode sensus dengan total 86 orang petani. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa: Koefisien X1 (Luas Lahan) = 1,782 artinya luas lahan mengalami peningkatan sebesar 1%, sementara Bibit, tenaga kerja dan sanitasi dianggap tetap maka akan menyebabkan kenaikan produksi Mete di Desa Malik Makmur Kecamatan Bualemo sebesar 1,782%. Koefisien X2 (Bibit) = -0,255 artinya Jika penggunaan bibit ditambahkan sebesar 1%, sementara Luas Lahan, tenaga kerja dan sanitasi dianggap tetap maka akan menyebabkan penurunan produksi Mete di Desa Malik Makmur Kecamatan Bualemo sebesar -0,255%. Koefisien X3 (Tenaga Kerja) = 0,157, artinya Jika Tenaga Kerja mengalami peningkatan sebesar 1%, akan menyebabkan kenaikan produksi Mete di Desa malik Makmur Kecamatan Bualemo sebesar 0,157%. Koefisien X4 (Sanitasi) = -0,026 artinya Jika Sanitasimengalami peningkatan sebesar 1%, sementara Bibit, tenaga kerja dan lahan dianggap tetap maka akan menyebabkan Penurunan produksi Mete di Desa malik Makmur Kecamatan Bualemo sebesar -0,026%.
Cashew nuts are of prime quality in Malik Makmur Village. Most of the cashew farming is smallholder plantation. The total area of ​​the cashew plantation in Malik Makmur Village in May 2018 was 152 Ha with a total production of 98 tons. The research was conducted in the village of Malik Makmur. The respondents were determined using the census method with a total of 86 farmers. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that: Coefficient X1 (land area) = 1.782 means that the land area has increased by 1%, while seeds, labor and sanitation are considered constant, it will cause an increase in cashew production in Malik Makmur Village, Bualemo District by 1.782%. The coefficient of X2 (seeds) = -0.255 means that if the use of seeds is added by 1%, while the land area, labor and sanitation are considered constant, it will cause a decrease in cashew production in Malik Makmur Village, Bualemo District by -0.255%. The coefficient of X3 (labor) = 0.157, meaning that if the workforce has increased by 1%, it will cause an increase in cashew production in Malik Makmur Village, Bualemo District by 0.157%. The coefficient of X4 (Sanitation) = -0.026 means that if sanitation has increased by 1%, while seeds, labor and land are considered constant, it will cause a decrease in cashew production in Malik Makmur Village, Bualemo District by -0.026%.
Movimento Negro em Alagoas
Authors: Bezerra Gomes Sara Angélica 
Published: February 2021

Movimento Negro em Alagoas RESUMO O Movimento Negro Contemporâneo (MNC) no Brasil apresentou diferentes tipos de atuação política nos processos de luta pela valorização da cultura, da estética e do trabalho de homens e mulheres negras/os. Nos anos seguintes, após a instalação da ditadura empresarial-civil-militar em 1964, esse movimento procurou formar uma rede de estratégias antirracistas, na tentativa de criticar a ideologia de democracia racial. Nesse contexto, foi criado o Movimento Negro Unificado (MNU), importante organização do MNC, responsável também por articular as lutas contra a desigualdade racial e contra a ideologia da democracia racial em várias regiões do Brasil, na medida em que articulava o debate sobre gênero, raça e classe. E, além dele, no período de 1980 a 2000, no estado de Alagoas, foram criadas a Comissão Pastoral da Terra de Alagoas (CPT/AL), a Associação Cultural Zumbi (ACZ), os Agentes de Pastoral Negros (APNs), o Programa de Ações Afirmativas da Universidade Federal de Alagoas (PAAE/UFAL), o Núcleo de Identidade Étnico-Racial, a Fundação Municipal de Ação Cultural de Maceió, entre outras organizações, que passaram a articular a discussão sobre a questão racial junto aos movimentos sociais e organizações negras nesse estado. Esse artigo, portanto, objetiva discutir com base na bibliografia existente, como a questão racial e a questão da luta contra a ideologia da democracia racial estiveram presentes no MNC e no MNU, assim como em alguns movimentos sociais e organizações negras do estado de Alagoas. Palavras-Chave: Movimento Negro, Ideologia da Democracia Racial, Alagoas.
Sentidos do Trabalho no Ensino de História: revisão da produção científica produzida no período de 1996 a 2018
Authors: Coutinho Luciana Cristina Salvatti , Capucho Vera Alves Crispim , Marinho Genilson Cordeiro 
Published: February 2021

A proposta do presente artigo é apresentar e discutir um estudo sobre o sentido do trabalho no ensino de História. Com vistas a identificar o sentido atribuído ao trabalho nas produções sobre Ensino de História, foi realizada a revisão sistemática das teses produzidas nos programas de Pós-Graduação brasileiros entre 1996 e 2018. A constituição do corpus da pesquisa se processou desde a consulta à Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), totalizando 84 teses. Após a análise crítica, guiada pelos fundamentos do materialismo histórico dialético, conclui-se que na produção acadêmica relativa ao ensino de História são múltiplos os sentidos atribuídos ao trabalho, sendo recorrente a pouca atenção dada a este como categoria de análise, ou em última instância, sua morfologia se apresenta profundamente alterada, negando a realização de sua potencialidade.
Discurso do sujeito coletivo sobre efeitos pós-barragem de usinas hidrelétricas no Rio Tocantins - Brasil
Authors: Lima Adila Maria Taveira de , Buschbacher Robert John , Pinto Mac David da Silva , Marques Elineide Eugênio 
Published: February 2021

Essa pesquisa buscou analisar os efeitos pós-barragem do processo de implementação de Usinas Hidrelétricas de Energia (UHE), considerando a visão dos representantes locais, desde a época da implementação aos dias atuais, identificando as principais implicações percebidas em decorrência do empreendimento nas localidades. Para isso, foram visitados os municípios de Peixe, Paranã, São Salvador, Palmeirópolis, Babaçulândia, Palmeirante e Filadélfia, no estado do Tocantins, que foram diretamente atingidos pelas hidrelétricas: Peixe Angical, São Salvador e Estreito. A metodologia de análise para essa pesquisa foi a construção do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) a partir dos relatos coletados nas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os atores locais. Desse modo, foram realizadas 54 entrevistas no total, que versam sobre as expectativas local, participação/Comunicação, medidas de mitigação e compensação, efeitos pós-barragem, pontos positivos e negativos do empreendimento, e, por fim o relato das experiências e contribuições adquiridas com o processo. Os discursos dos representantes apontam que as promessas de desenvolvimento para o município não foram alcançadas e que houveram várias implicações negativas na localidade, destacando a frustração das expectativas locais, deficiência na comunicação e participação no processo, bem como, a evidência de pontos negativos se sobressaindo aos pontos positivos como percepção dos efeitos pós-barragem para o cenário atual.
Assessment of Activity Pacing in Relation to Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Abonie Ulric S. , Seves Bregje L. , Hoekstra Femke , Hoekstra Trynke , van der Woude Lucas H.V. , Dekker Rienk , Hettinga Florentina J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background:
Activity pacing is a behavioral strategy for coping with fatigue, optimizing physical activity (PA) levels, and achieving a paced approach to lifestyle and sustainable self-regulated exercise practice to optimize health and well-being. Yet little is known about how activity pacing affects PA and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) while controlling for fatigue and demographic characteristics over time in adults with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study examined the natural use of activity pacing and how it is associated with PA and HRQOL over time in adults with MS.

Methods:
Sixty-eight adults with MS (mean ± SD age, 45.2 ± 10.9 years) completed questionnaires on their activity pacing, fatigue, PA, and HRQOL 14, 33, and 52 weeks after rehabilitation. Associations between the variables were examined using multilevel models.

Results:
No associations were found between activity pacing and PA (β = −0.01, P = .89) or between activity pacing and HRQOL (β = −0.15, P = .09).

Conclusions:
This study provides an initial understanding of how activity pacing relates to PA and HRQOL in people with MS over time and indicates that there is no clear strategy among adults with MS that is successful in improving PA and HRQOL in the short or long term. Persons with MS may benefit from goal-directed activity pacing interventions to improve longitudinal engagement in PA, and the present study provides a foundation for further intervention development.
Harnessing the Web: How Chiropractic Education Survives and Thrives During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Chiropractic Educators Research Forum (CERF), December 5, 2020
Authors:   Chiropractic Educators Research Forum
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
This conference was convened by the Chiropractic Educators Research Forum (CERF) on December 5, 2020. This meeting provided a forum for the presentation of scholarly works in chiropractic education theory and practice. This conference specifically focused on research related to chiropractic education during the COVID-19 pandemic. During the December 2020 CERF meeting, presenters and panelists took an in depth look at how programs worked to meet program objectives, graduation requirements, accreditation, and other activities during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Hand Hygiene: Knowledge and Practice among Healthcare Workers in the Paediatrics and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital
Authors: Appiah-Thompson Peter , Ashong Josephine 
Published: February 2021

Aims: To assess the knowledge of hand hygiene among health care workers in the Paediatrics Department and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital (CCTH). To determine the hand hygiene practice among health care workers. To determine the barriers to hand washing practices in the Paediatrics Department.
Study Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was done.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Paediatrics between 14th February, 2020 to 12th March ,2020
Methodology: 81 health workers including 31 doctors and 50 nurses (35 working nurses and 15 nursing students) who have direct contact to patients on the wards were included in the study. A World Health Organization (WHO) adopted self-administered questionnaire on hand hygiene was used.
Results: From the study, 75.3% of the respondents had fair knowledge on hand hygiene and 24.7% also had poor knowledge. Most doctors generally had a better knowledge of hand hygiene whilst nurses generally had poor knowledge. With a p-value of 0.002, a statistical association was found between having received formal education and the performance of routine hand hygiene practices. Some barriers affecting hand hygiene practice included forgetfulness, lack of time and lack of alcohol-based hand rub.
Conclusion: In conclusion, most of the health care workers had a fair knowledge on hand hygiene with a few having poor knowledge. Majority of health care workers reported they routinely use hand washing and alcohol hand rub in their daily practice.
Regular education and practice of hand hygiene are essential to prevention of spread of diseases especially during this time of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Microsurgery Training: Are the Live Models Era Coming in to the Tail? – A Literature Review
Authors: Hosain M. M. 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Microsurgery is a relatively new speciality with steep learning patterns. Before practice in real fields surgeons need adequate training to gain the expertise. Different types of living and non-living simulators are used to gain the efficiency. As the living simulator has issues with complexity, availability, cost, ethical approval and special setting and available resources an alternative less complex, inexpensive, no ethical issues, easily available, effective non-living models are demanded by the trainers.
Objective: Review the relevant articles to see the justification of use of live models for microsurgery training and to see is there any alternative non-living model to replace living model.
Materials and Methods: A PubMed and Google Scholar search for key words ‘(microsurgery) AND (training)) AND (live models)) AND (non-living models)) AND (education)’ were performed in February 2021. Total 422 literatures were found from January 1990 to February 2021. Among them 29 were found relevant with topics. Among them 17 were finally selected for discussion.
Conclusion: Evidences showed non-living low fidelity models are as effective as high fidelity living model in microsurgery training. Many of the studies with ex vivo models have showed promising results which support replacement of live models in basic and intermediate courses. However, those are not sufficient to support for total ban of live models specially in advance microsurgery courses. We are hoping, in near future some blended non-living models may come up using digital or virtual reality technology which can replace the live model era. Further research with highest level of evidences are required.
Laser‐Empowered Random Metasurfaces for White Light Printed Image Multiplexing
Authors: Destouches Nathalie , Sharma Nipun , Vangheluwe Marie , Dalloz Nicolas , Vocanson Francis , Bugnet Matthieu , Hébert Mathieu , Siegel Jan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPrinted image multiplexing based on the design of metasurfaces has attracted much interest in the past decade. Optical switching between different images displayed directly on the metasurface is performed by altering the parameters of the incident light such as polarization, wavelength, or incidence angle. When using white light, only two‐image multiplexing is implemented with polarization switching. Such metasurfaces are made of nanostructures perfectly controlled individually, which provide high‐resolution pixels but small images and involve long fabrication processes. Here, it is demonstrated that laser processing of nanocomposites offers a versatile low‐cost, high‐speed method with large area processing capabilities for controlling the statistical properties of random metasurfaces, allowing up to three‐image multiplexing under white light illumination. By independently controlling absorption and interference effects, colors in reflection and transmission can be varied independently yielding two‐image multiplexing under white light. Using anisotropy of plasmonic nanoparticles, a third image can be multiplexed and revealed through polarization changes. The design strategy, the fundamental properties, and the versatility of implementation of these laser‐empowered random metasurfaces are discussed. The technique, applied on flexible substrate, can find applications in information encryption or functional switchable optical devices, and offers many advantages for visual security and anticounterfeiting.
Tandem Interactive Sensing Display De‐Convoluting Dynamic Pressure and Temperature
Authors: Jin Wookyoung , Kim Eui Hyuk , Lee Seokyeong , Yu Seunggun , Han Hyowon , Kim Gwangmook , Lee Seung Won , Jang Jihye , Lee Chang Eun , Shim Wooyoung , Park Cheolmin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDespite great advances in stimuli‐interactive displays, which can directly visualize pressure, temperature, and humidity, a single interactive display platform capable of quantitatively discriminating the dynamic variation of two stimuli has yet to be developed. Here, a tandem interactive sensing display demonstrates not only direct visualization of both pressure and temperature but also the quantitative de‐convolution of these two simultaneously varied stimuli. The tandem display consists of five polymer layers vertically stacked on a transparent substrate: a temperature‐responsive ionic polymer, field‐induced blue light‐emitting unit (1), conductive polymer electrode with a parallel gap, field‐induced orange‐light‐emitting unit (2), and topologically structured pressure‐responsive layer. Impedance change of the responsive layers upon dynamic temperature and pressure is monitored simultaneously, providing stimuli‐interactive electroluminescence of light‐emitting units (1) and (2), respectively, when an alternating current (AC) field is applied between two polymer electrodes. Dynamic and simultaneous variation of temperature, 30–80 °C, and pressure, 0.5–20 kPa, are conveniently mapped in 3D coordinates of light intensity (z‐axis) and color (x‐y plane), producing a 2D contour surface plot. This provides an efficient and quantitative de‐convolution of unknown combinations of temperature and pressure stimuli. Furthermore, arrays of the tandem interactive displays broaden the versatility of dynamic visualization of multiple stimuli.
Wielding the Double‐Edged Sword of Inflammation: Building Biomaterial‐Based Strategies for Immunomodulation in Ischemic Stroke Treatment
Authors: Letko Khait Nitzan , Ho Eric , Shoichet Molly S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractStroke is a leading cause of disability with no current treatment to regenerate lost brain tissue. Innovative preclinical and clinical trials have attempted to improve stroke recovery by promoting cell survival, downregulating astrogliosis and inflammation, and improving neurogenesis and angiogenesis; however, the complexity of stroke pathophysiology raises many challenges. Previous attempts to grossly inhibit the inflammatory reaction failed to improve stroke outcomes, prompting scientists to explore selective modulation rather than unbiased inhibition. Although experimental studies involving immunomodulation are successful, strategies have largely failed in the clinic. Some of these approaches are hindered by poor delivery efficiency or cell survival, challenges that could be at least partially overcome using biomaterials. Biomaterials may enhance immunomodulatory processes by improving drug and cell delivery to the injured tissue. Furthermore, the materials themselves can support healing and may be designed to act as immunomodulators, thereby contributing to tissue regeneration and endogenous repair processes. Described here are novel biomaterial‐based strategies to modulate the immune response after ischemic stroke, with an emphasis on extracellular matrix mimetics and hydrogels for local delivery of drugs and cells. Finally, a future perspective is described, highlighting the potential of these therapies to achieve clinical translation and improve patients’ functional repair.