bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROTOCOL: Effectiveness of parent‐engagement programs to reduce truancy and juvenile delinquency: A systematic review
Authors: Kethineni Sesha , Frazier‐Kouassi Susan , Shigemoto Yuki , Jennings Wesley , Cardwell Stephanie M. , Piquero Alex R. , Gay Kimberly , Sundaravadivelu Dayanand 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis review aims to synthesize the evaluation evidence for parent‐engagement programs that focus on reducing juvenile truancy as the primary outcome. Delinquent behavior will be assessed as a secondary outcome when included. This objective is guided by the following research questions: (1) what is the effectiveness of parent‐engagement programs for children in preschool (ages 4–5) through secondary education (ages 13–19) on primarily (a) reducing student truancy (i.e., unexcused or unauthorized absence) and secondarily (and when included) (b) reducing delinquent behaviors? (2) Is there variability in the effectiveness of parent‐engagement programs across moderators such as gender, age, grade levels, settings, and contexts? (3) What factors (e.g., groups, settings, and contexts) explain the variability in the effectiveness of engagement programs in a multivariate framework?
Patient characteristics and acute cardiovascular event rates among patients with very high‐risk and non‐very high‐risk atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Authors: Fonarow Gregg C. , Kosiborod Mikhail N. , Rane Pallavi B. , Nunna Sasikiran , Villa Guillermo , Habib Mohdhar , Arellano Jorge , Mues Katherine E. , Sun Kainan , Wade Rolin L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe risk for subsequent major cardiovascular (CV) events among patients with very high‐risk (VHR) atherosclerotic CV disease (ASCVD) remains to be fully elucidated.HypothesisWe assessed the characteristics and major CV event rates of patients with VHR versus non‐VHR ASCVD in a real‐world setting in the United States (US), hypothesizing that patients with VHR ASCVD would have higher CV event rates.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study conducted from January 01, 2011, to June 30, 2018, in the US using the Prognos LDL‐C database linked to the IQVIA PharMetrics Plus® database supplemented with the IQVIA prescription claims (Dx/LRx) databases. Patients were ≥18 years old and had  ≥2 non‐ancillary medical claims in the linked databases at least 30 days apart. The study was conducted in 2 stages: (1) identification of patients with ASCVD who met the definition of VHR ASCVD and a matched cohort of non‐VHR ASCVD patients using the incidence density sampling (IDS) approach; (2) estimation of the occurrence of major CV events.ResultsAmong patients with ≥1 major ASCVD event (N=147,679), most qualified as VHR ASCVD (79.5%). There were 115,460 patients each in IDS‐matched VHR and non‐VHR ASCVD cohorts. The composite myocardial infarction/ischemic stroke event rates in the VHR and non‐VHR ASCVD cohorts were 8.04 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 7.87‐8.22) and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.77‐0.88) events per 100 patient‐years, respectively, during the 1‐year post‐index period.ConclusionsMost patients with ≥1 previous major ASCVD event treated in real‐world US clinical practice qualified as VHR ASCVD. Patients with VHR ASCVD had much higher rates of major CV events versus non‐VHR ASCVD patients.
Economic distress, financial toxicity, and medical cost‐coping in young adult cancer survivors during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Findings from an online sample
Authors: Thom Bridgette , Benedict Catherine , Friedman Danielle N. , Watson Samantha E. , Zeitler Michelle S. , Chino Fumiko 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundYoung adult (YA) cancer survivors are at risk for financial toxicity during and after cancer treatment. Financial toxicity has been associated with medical‐related cost‐coping behaviors such as skipping or delaying treatment. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has resulted in dire economic consequences that may worsen financial hardship among young survivors.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional survey; data collection occurred online. A convenience sample was recruited through YA cancer advocacy groups and social media. Negative economic events associated with the COVID‐19 pandemic (eg, income loss, increased debt, and decreased job security) and medical‐related cost‐coping were documented. A validated measure assessed cancer‐related financial toxicity.ResultsParticipants (N = 212) had a mean age of 35.3 years at survey completion and a mean age of 27.4 years at diagnosis. Financial toxicity (mean, 14.0; SD, 9.33) was high. Two‐thirds of the sample experienced at least 1 negative economic event during COVID‐19, and 71% engaged in at least 1 medical cost‐coping behavior. Cost‐coping and pandemic‐related negative economic events were significantly correlated with cancer‐related financial toxicity. In multivariable analyses, pandemic‐related negative economic events and financial toxicity were associated with cost‐coping.ConclusionsAcute negative economic events associated with the COVID‐19 pandemic may exacerbate cancer‐related financial toxicity and overall financial hardship among YAs and lead to cost‐coping behaviors that can compromise survivorship care and health outcomes. Multilevel, systematic interventions are needed to address the financial needs of YA survivors after the global pandemic.
Molecular and Spectroscopic Characterization of Green and Red Cyanine Fluorophores from the Alexa Fluor and AF Series
Authors: Gebhardt Christian , Lehmann Martin , Reif Maria M. , Zacharias Martin , Gemmecker Gerd , Cordes Thorben 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe front cover artwork was provided by Gabriel Moya, a PhD student in the Cordes lab (LMU Biocenter Munich, Germany). The cover image shows an artistic impression of the chemical structures of two fluorophores investigated in the paper. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cphc.202000935.
Environmental and seasonal correlates of capercaillie movement traits in a Swedish wind farm
Authors: Kämmerle Jim‐Lino , Taubmann Julia , Andrén Henrik , Fiedler Wolfgang , Coppes Joy 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAnimals continuously interact with their environment through behavioral decisions, rendering the appropriate choice of movement speed and directionality an important phenotypic trait. Anthropogenic activities may alter animal behavior, including movement. A detailed understanding of movement decisions is therefore of great relevance for science and conservation alike. The study of movement decisions in relation to environmental and seasonal cues requires continuous observation of movement behavior, recently made possible by high‐resolution telemetry. We studied movement traits of 13 capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), a mainly ground‐moving forest bird species of conservation interest, over two summer seasons in a Swedish windfarm using high‐resolution GPS tracking data (5‐min sampling interval). We filtered and removed unreliable movement steps using accelerometer data and step characteristics. We explored variation in movement speed and directionality in relation to environmental and seasonal covariates using generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs). We found evidence for clear daily and seasonal variation in speed and directionality of movement that reflected behavioral adjustments to biological and environmental seasonality. Capercaillie moved slower when more turbines were visible and faster close to turbine access roads. Movement speed and directionality were highest on open bogs, lowest on recent clear‐cuts (<5 y.o.), and intermediate in all types of forest. Our results provide novel insights into the seasonal and environmental correlates of capercaillie movement patterns and supplement previous behavioral observations on lekking behavior and wind turbine avoidance with a more mechanistic understanding.
Behavior‐specific habitat models as a tool to inform ungulate restoration
Authors: Lowrey B. , DeVoe J. D. , Proffitt K. M. , Garrott R. A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAcross North America, many ungulate species that experienced historic population declines and range contractions are now broadly distributed across their native ranges after the implementation of successful restoration programs. The use of translocation continues to serve as an important restoration tool and is often informed through habitat models used to identify potential translocation areas based on biotic and abiotic landscape characteristics. Within the context of partially migratory wildlife populations, resident and migrant population segments can select for varying habitat characteristics, yet these population segments are often pooled when building habitat models. We used a large spatial dataset collected from eight bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) populations to build separate winter and summer resource selection models for migrant and resident animals with the purposes of (1) characterizing differences in seasonal selection patterns between resident and migrant population segments and (2) generating broad spatial predictions of bighorn sheep habitat to inform future translocations across western Montana, USA. Lastly, we used the model to inform two potential management scenarios, first to establish a new population in an unoccupied area and second to expand the distribution of existing populations through intra‐mountain translocations. Selection patterns were generally similar among migrants and residents, especially in winter. Summer selection patterns varied between the two behaviors, with migrants selecting for higher elevations and residents selecting for lower elevations. Throughout the western Montana prediction area, bighorn sheep habitat was centered around mountain areas in all seasons. In the first management scenario, our model predicted that adequate resident and migratory bighorn sheep habitat existed in the restoration area, thus justifying the use of either resident or migrant source populations in translocation. In the second management scenario, our model predicted that there was broad potential for translocations into unoccupied areas adjacent to the current bighorn sheep distribution in western Montana. The behavior‐specific approach to predicting bighorn sheep seasonal habitat captures the specific habitat characteristics of multiple migratory behaviors and may help to inform targeted and effective translocation programs.
Techno‐economic analysis and energy performance of a geothermal earth‐to‐air heat exchanger (EAHE) system in residential buildings: A case study
Authors: Mostafaeipour Ali , Goudarzi Hossein , Khanmohammadi Mohammadali , Jahangiri Mehdi , Sedaghat Ahmad , Norouzianpour Hirbod , Chowdhury Shahariar , Techato Kuaanan , Issakhov Alibek , Almutairi Khalid , Hosseini Dehshiri Seyyed Jalaladdin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNatural air ventilation in the hot‐dry regions plays a key role to decrease indoor air temperature in hot season, also to improve thermal comfort during the cold season. One of the most common ways to take advantage of natural ventilation is using wind catcher with an underground tunnel. In this method, the tower catches the airflow and directs it to the underground tunnel to decrease the air temperature by transferring heat to the ground, which is cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter. Earth‐to‐air heat exchanger (EAHE) is a modern form of wind catcher with underground tunnel. In this method, air after passing through buried pipes exchanges heat with the ground, and its temperature increases in the winter and decreases during the summer. This study analyzes the energy performance and cost‐effectiveness of earth‐to‐air heat exchanger to be utilized in a residential building in climate condition of the province of Kermanin Iran. In this regard, 9 different configurations of the EAHE are investigated to find the optimized EAHE. The system performance and cost‐effectiveness are studied in 3 different depths including 1, 2, and 3 m with 3 different pipe lengths including 25, 50, and 75 m. The results show that the EAHE is capable of reducing the inlet air temperature by 0.5‐9.9℃ in the summer and increasing it by 0.9‐11.2℃ in the winter. Furthermore, by integrating the EAHEs in a building design, one can reduce the total annual cooling load by 1.25%‐3.97% and for heating by 1.34%‐3.96%. The payback period of the system with a pipe length of 25 m is 16 years, but for the systems with pipe lengths of 50 and 75 m, this period reduces to almost 3 years.
Multi‐objective optimization of integrated gas–electricity energy system based on improved multi‐object cuckoo algorithm
Authors: Yang Bowen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWith the depletion of sources of primary energy across the world, the prospect of a global energy crisis in the near future has raised considerable concern. Among the many sources of clean energy, wind energy is considered to be the most effective means of sustainable and environmentally friendly energy. Traditional systems of energy based on oil and natural gas still operate in a discrete manner, and the promise offered by the mutual coordination between energy systems to draw complementary benefits has not yet been fully exploited. This has prompted all energy sectors to examine the optimal integration of interconnected gas–electricity energy systems. In this context, this study proposes a multi‐objective collaborative operational optimization model of P2G for an interconnected, integrated gas–electricity energy system in case of uncertain wind power. Based on the effect of carbon capture by using P2G, the effect of coupling gas and electricity, and the cost of low‐capacity reserves, the authors use conditional risk values to design four targets of optimization—the operating cost of the system, rate of consumption of the natural gas system, total carbon emissions and capacity stand‐by cost—according to the power system, natural gas system, thermal energy system, and their elements of coupling from multiple perspectives to clarify the constraints on the model. Moreover, to reduce the likelihood of the optimal solution falling into the local optimum, the improved cuckoo algorithm is used to optimize the multi‐objective scheduling model. The authors used a 10‐node power system and a six‐node natural gas system as examples for simulation to verify the proposed model. The results of empirical analysis show the following: (a) Once the P2G equipment had been connected, it reduced the total operating cost and improved the consumption of wind power of the natural gas system regardless of whether backup services were provided. (b) The P2G equipment could be combined with gas‐fired CHP units to “cut peaks and fill valleys” in the electrical load of the power system. These results verify the effectiveness of the proposed multi‐objective optimal dispatch model of an interconnected gas–electricity energy system.
Brutish Neanderthals: History of a merciless characterization
Authors: Madison Paige 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe idea that Neanderthals were brutish and unintelligent is often traced back to Marcellin Boule, a French paleontologist who examined the specimen known as the Old Man in the first decades of the 20th century. This article examines the work of Boule's predecessors and aggregate a variety of literature to underline an argument that this idea has much earlier origins and is rooted in the first recognized specimen discovered in the Neander Valley in 1856. Reorienting our understanding of the brutish Neanderthal to account for its 19th‐century origins, allows for a reexamination of the factors in 19th‐century culture, science, and society which contributed to this caricature, especially the concepts of race and species' extinction. Such a reexamination dismantles the narrative of Boule's error while providing a new vantage point to think about Neanderthals in the present.
Optimization of novel multigrain pasta and evaluation of physicochemical properties: using D‐optimal mixture design
Authors: Kamali Rousta Leila , Pouya Ghandehari Yazdi Amir , Khorasani Sepideh , Tavakoli Mohammad , Ahmadi Zahra , Amini Mahdi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractD‐optimal mixture design looked to be a priceless tool for optimizing the influences of semolina flour (SF), defatted soy flour (DSF), whole quinoa flour (WQF), whole rye flour (WRF), whole oat flour (WOF), whole barley flour (WBF), and rice flour (RF) on the quality attributes of multigrain pasta (MP). Multigrain flours were considered as the independent variables evaluated with respect to three response variables containing hardness and the amount of protein and fiber. Quadratic, linear, and linear models were chosen to explain the hardness and the amount of protein and fiber of the MPs, respectively. In optimal formulation of MP, that is, SF (57.34%,), DSF (14%), WQF (11%), WRF (7.54%), WOF (5.61%), WBF (2.51%), and RF (2%), the content of fiber and protein enhanced more than 4.12 and 1.34 times compared with SP, respectively. Therefore, according to the European Union law, it can be claimed that this pasta is a source of fiber. As the amount of protein and fiber increased, the hardness and optimal cooking time decreased, while the cooking loss increased. After cooking, MP was murkier and less yellow in color. The 2, 2‐ diphenyl‐ 1‐ picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition activity of the MP was about 2.5 times higher than the SP. Analysis of the antioxidant properties of the samples after cooking showed that the DPPH inhibition activity of the SP and MP reduced. The results indicated that the overall acceptability of MP was higher than SP. Based on our findings, these multigrain flours are probable to be applied as nutritious complements in the pasta industry to improve the functional characteristics.
Single stock futures and their impact on market quality: Be careful what you wish for
Authors: Curran Edward , Hunt Jack , Mollica Vito 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe explore the relationship between efficiency and fairness around a natural experiment resulting in the delisting of equity‐linked single stock futures on the National Stock Exchange of India. We provide evidence that the presence of a derivative improves the liquidity of the underlying but decreases the degree of fairness—proxied by manipulation likelihood. Our study highlights that a leveraged derivative entices manipulation of the underlying and that typical inhibitors of manipulation, high execution costs, are conducive to successful market abuse.
Could COVID‐19 mark a turning point for global action on climate change?
Authors: Patel Riya Rameshkumar , Dickson Rebecca Jane Lynette 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCOVID‐19 and climate change are both threats of immense proportions, however, the differing perception of climate change as far‐off, projected and unpredictable, persists as a marked barrier to global action. COVID‐19 is increasing awareness of the connection between human actions and environmental consequences. The current slowdown of fossil fuel use has given a glimpse of the quitter, cleaner and more caring world that effective climate change could also achieve. Decisions made in coming months can either “lock in” economic development patterns that will do permanent and escalating damage to the ecological systems, or, if wisely taken, can promote a healthier and greener world.
Quality assessment of case reports in high‐impact urology journals using SCARE guideline
Authors: Moradi Asaad , Moghimian Mehran , Ghoreifi Alireza , Shakiba Behnam 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsThe usefulness of case reports is dependent on the complete, consistent, and rigorous reporting of these cases. In order to provide a standard guideline for reporting surgical case reports, the SCARE (Surgical CAse REport) guidelines were developed in 2016. The present study evaluated the completeness and transparency of published case reports in high‐impact urology journals based on the SCARE guideline.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was performed on 100 case reports published in Urology, Urology Journal, BMC Urology, and Urology Case Reports journal. Two independent reviewers performed the scoring using the last version of SCARE statement. Each of the 34 items of SCARE guideline were classified as “yes” if the item was reported in the case report text. The SCARE items were classified as “no” when the authors of case reports had not reported that item or could not tell something about reporting the item. Completeness of reporting (COR) score was calculated for each case report. COR score (%) is defined as [“yes” answers/(“yes” answers + “no” answers)] × 100 for each case report.ResultsThe mean COR score for all the assessed case reports was 49%, ranging from 21% to 79%. Topics with the highest mean COR score were introduction (77% ± 42%), additional information (75% ± 43%), patient information (65% ± 19%), and abstract (66% ± 24%). In contrast, topics with the lowest mean COR were patient perspective (1% ± 10%) and keywords (3% ± 17%).ConclusionThe present study showed that case reports published in urology journals suffer from insufficient reporting. SCARE or CARE guidelines can provide a framework for assessing the reporting quality of case reports before publication. Nevertheless, further studies are highly recommended to better evaluate the efficacy of these guidelines' endorsement on the quality of case reports published in urology journals.
Associations between critical consciousness and well‐being in a national sample of college students during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Maker Castro Elena , Dull Brandon , Hoyt Lindsay T. , Cohen Alison K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCritical consciousness (CC) may promote well‐being, particularly during the COVID‐19 pandemic. In a national survey of 707 college students conducted in April 2020, we first validated the Short Critical Consciousness Scale (ShoCCS) among youth groups not often specifically examined in CC measurement (i.e., Asian, immigrant‐origin, LGBQ+, and women youth). Next, we examined associations between ShoCCS subscales and validated measures of both anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7) and hopefulness (The Individual‐Differences Measure in Hopefulness). The ShoCCS achieved measurement invariance across racial/ethnic groups and immigrant‐origin status, and partial invariance among LGBQ+ and women‐identifying youth. We found critical reflection and action associated with anxiety for the full sample, but no evidence of moderation by sociodemographic factors. ShoCCS subscales were differentially associated with hopefulness for Asian youth and LGBQ+ youth. This study contributes to the evolution of CC measurement and extends the field by identifying well‐being associations during the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic.