bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERIODONTITIS IS PREVALENT IN HYPERTENSIVE RENAL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS AND IS CORRELATED WITH OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ARTERIAL STIFFNES
Authors: Kovacevic Katja , Oreskovic Josip , Vuckovic Marijana , Raos Hrvoje , Roguljic Marija , Gelemanovic Andrea , Radic Josipa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective:
The balance between oxidative stress (OS) and antioxidants is speculated to be associated with occurrence, severity, and progression of periodontal disease. Previous studies suggested that OS regulates the relationship between periodontitis and endothelial dysfunction. The increased arterial stiffness is a major pathophysiological player involved in the adverse cardiovascular profile of renal transplant recipients (RTRs) and graft survival due to the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and severity of periodontitis among RTRs suffering from arterial hypertension (AH) and to investigate possible correlation with OS arterial stiffness and blood pressure parameters regards severity of periodontitis.

Design and method:
A comprehensive medical and periodontal examination was performed and for each RTR and data were collected. To measure arterial pressure (both peripheral and central, systolic and diastolic) and parameters of arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation Index (AIx)) Agedio B900 device was used. Oral periodontal status included full mouth plaque score (FMPS), full mouth bleeding score (FMBS), periodontal probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL), all measured at six sites of each tooth. Also, to measure Advanced Glycation End products (AGE) proteins in tissue the AGE Reader was used.

Results:
Out of 55 RTRs suffering from periodontitis, 45 (82%) had AH, out of which 9 (20%) were classified as periodontitis stage I (mild), 14 (31%) as stage II (moderate) and 22 (49%) as stage III and IV (severe). With the severity of periodontitis increasing, statistically significant increase was observed in parameters CAL and AGE (P < 0.001 and P = 0.045, respectively). In addition, CAL showed positive correlation with AGE and PWV (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). Three groups of patients did not show any statistically significant difference in arterial blood pressure (both peripheral and central, systolic and diastolic).

Conclusions:
The results showed that incidence of periodontitis is high and that almost half of RTRs with AH had severe stage of periodontitis. Also, severity of periodontitis is correlated with markers of OS and arterial stiffens. Despite the small sample size, we showed that as periodontitis severity is increasing arterial stiffness is higher.
ASSESSMENT OF 10 YEARs CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN RURAL AREA OF SRI LANKA: A COMMUNITY BASED STUDY
Authors: Gamage Nadun Danushka Pitiduwa , Kumarage Shirmila , Samarasekara Tharanga , Koottage Menaka , Nilupuli Emashi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective:
Prevalence of non communicable diseases (NCDs) are rising rapidly around the globe. It is also getting more and more prevalent in the rural areas as well. However rural areas of Sri Lanka still does not have enough evidence of cardiovascular risk status.
The objective is to screen for NCDs and stratify risk of the 10 cardiovascular disease among the community based patient sample.

Design and method:
Non interventional descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in a rural area of Sri Lanka. All the patients were measured for body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), fasting blood sugar (FBS) values and lipid profile values as well. The Framingham score was used to calcuate the 10% CVD risk.
The data was analiyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package of Social Sciences). Ethical clearance was obtained before the commencement study.

Results:
Total of 255 (number of males 54 and female 201) participants with the age range of 21 -86, mean (SD) 56.2 (13.1) were selected for the study. The prevalence of major CVD risk factors was: hypertension 27.1%, diabetes 26.7%, elevated total cholesterol 11.8 %, obesity 29.8% and current smoking 9.1%.
Utilizing the Framingham 10-year Risk Estimation 61.57% of the study population were identified to be under lower risk level (<10%) category while 23.53% were represented intermediate risk level (10–20%) and 14.90% noted with high risk level.
Accessing the difference between gender and the 10 - year CVD risk, from the male population 50% of majority were noted with high risk level and 29.63%, 20.37% respectively for intermediate and low risk level. Similarly for the female population, 5.47% was presented with high risk level while 21.89% for intermediate and 72.64% with low risk level.

Conclusions:
NCD prevalences are higher in the rural areas at present. 10 year CVD risk is comparatively higher among the males rather than females. Gender specific interventions should be implemented to reduce the risk among males.
PORTUGUESE RESISTANT HYPERTENSION POPULATION: IS IT POSSIBLE A RISK SCORE?
Authors: Pereira Flávio , Lopes Susana , Briosa Ana , Cavadas Susana , Mesquita José 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective:
Introduction: Resistant hypertension isn’t well studied with Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM).
Study in a RH population obtained in hypertension department to characterize it and identify cardiovascular (CV) outcome predictors.

Design and method:
ABPM - collected 1999–2018. Identified RH patients according to the ESC Guidelines 2018. Sample was characterized and analysed for predictors of CV events (CVe). CVe were ischaemic (IS), haemorrhagic stroke (HS), transient ischaemic attack (if hospitalized - TIA), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute heart failure (if hospitalized - AHF), peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Follow-up finished with event, the last evaluation of the patient or death. Statistical significance was assumed if p < 0.05.

Results:
Sample - 268 patients (161 males and 107 females) with RH. Age - 60.4 + /- 11.3 years (mean + /- SD). Follow-up - 5.5 + /- 4.9 years. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) - 44.4%, dyslipidaemia -75.4%, obesity - 45.1%, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) - 32.1%, history of previous CVe - 34.7% (PCVe). CVe observed - 55 (18 IS, 3 HS, 1 TIA, 16 ACS, 11 AHF, 6 PAD). 12 death from non-CVe. When the sample was analysed events vs no-event, those who with event, were older, had higher glycaemia, more prevalence of DM, history of PCVe and CKD.
In Univariate Cox analysis for the prognosis of future CVe, it was significant: gender, DM, PCVe, age, glycaemia (Table 1). In a multivariate Cox Analysis with all these variables in the same sample, those who stood significant: glycaemia, age, gender, PCVe (Table 1). Even when these variables were adjusted to 24 h systolic blood pressure (24SBP) and night-time blood pressure (NSBP), they remained significant, but the 24SBP and NSBP didn’t (Table 1).
In Kaplan-Meier survival curve free of events, being male, history of PCVe revealed worst survival prognosis (respectively log rank 5.74, p < 0.05; 18.50, p = 0.000).

Conclusions:
In our population of RH, age, glycaemia, male, DM and history of PCVe are associated with markers of worst prognosis independent of blood pressure values. Perhaps in the future in larger samples, these variables can be taken in account for a risk score.
ASSESSING THE SENSITIVITY OF NECK CIRCUMFERENCE AS A PREDICTOR OF CENTRAL OBESITY IN ADULT HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Patil Mansi , Patil Vishal , Schlaich Markus , Lambert Gavin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective:
Waist circumference has been used till now for determining central obesity which is found to be considerably variable over a short period of time. Neck circumference on the other hand is reliable and does not show short term variability. The objective of the study was to determine the cut-off values of neck circumference as a predictor of central obesity in adult hypertensive patients.

Design and method:
A cross-sectional study was carried out on 500hypertensive patients under treatment to assess the correlation of neck circumference and waist circumference by applying the pairwise correlation coefficient. Height, weight and waist circumference were measured using the NHANES standard procedures. BMI was calculated from the data. ROC curve analysis was performed and Youden index was calculated. Neck circumference yielding the maximum Youden Index was considered as the cut-off for central obesity.

Results:
Neck circumference was found to be significantly associated with waist circumference in both females and males with b-coefficients of 1.06 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.17) and 0.71 (95% CI:0.51, 0.79), respectively.
After applying ROC analysis, neck circumferences more than equal to 34 cms in females and more than equal to 38 cms in males was determined as the best cut-off to predict central obesity. When compared with BMI, AUC of NC (0.75; 95% CI: 0.73–0.78) for predicting central obesity was higher than AUC of BMI (0.74; 95% CI: 0.72–0.77).

Conclusions:
Neck circumference could be considered as an alternative for screening for central obesity in hypertensive patients.
Neck circumference can be used as a screening tool for pregnant women or for patients suffering from ascites and does not require removal of clothing.
The procedure for measurement of neck circumference requires minimal training with lesser scope of error in measurement.
Position of measurement (supine/prone/standing), meal consumption or respiration does not hamper the measurement and can be measured in bed-ridden patients also.
ASSOCIATION OF SOLUBLE DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE-4 AND PLATELET-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO WITH PULSE PRESSURE IN TREATMENT-NAIVE HYPERTENSIVES
Authors: Olatunji Victoria , Olaoye Morolake , Arinde Olufemi , Olarinoye John , Bolarinwa Oladimeji , Olatunji Lawrence 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective:
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and the burden is increasing globally especially in Africans. This is as a result of increasing adult population, rapid urbanization and uptake of western lifestyles. Hypertensive patients with elevated pulse pressure (PP) have increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Soluble dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (sDPP-4) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been linked to the development and progression of CVD. We hypothesized that sDPP-4 and PLR would be correlated with PP in hypertensive Nigerians.

Design and method:
A cross-sectional study comparing the anthropometrical, hematological, inflammatory and cardiometabolic disorder markers between normotensives (blood pressure less than or equal to 120/80 mmHg; n = 19) and treatment-naïve hypertensive adults (sustained blood pressure equals to or greater than 140/90 mmHg; n = 48).

Results:
Our results showed that hypertensive group had significantly higher body weight, neck circumference, hip circumference, mid-arm circumference, LDL-cholesterol, PP, systolic and diastolic blood pressure than the normotensive group. Using multivariate linear regression analysis, results indicated that PP (R2 = 0.22) was correlated with sDPP-4 (Beta = 0.41, p = 0.004) and PLR Beta = 0.31, p = 0.025) in the hypertensive group. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis also revealed that area under curve (AUC) for sDPP-4 was 0.65 (p = 0.04) and AUC for PLR was 0.74 (p = 0.001) and are efficient predictors of PP in hypertensives.

Conclusions:
Findings from the present study reveal that circulating sDPP-4 and PLR are strongly correlated with PP in treatment-naive hypertensive individuals.
CORRELATION BETWEEN SUBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF STRESS LEVEL AND BLOOD PRESSURE OR OTHER CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS AMONG STUDENTS OF WROCLAW UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Niewiadomska Joanna , Wolinska Anna , Ziemer Marta , Zuromski Adrian , Zawadzki Jacek , Gac Pawel , Poreba Malgorzata 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective:
Hypertension is a global public health problem and one of the crucial risk factors for cardiovascular disorders. There are many agents that can influence blood pressure such as smoking, physical activity, obesity, diet, alcohol consumption, stress. Stress plays a major role in various pathophysiological processes associated with the circulatory system. The aim of the study was to examine whether subjective assessment of stress level is correlated with blood pressure or other cardiovascular risk factors among the students of Wroclaw Universities.

Design and method:
The study group consists of 122 students (61 females and 61 males) with average age 21,60 ± 2,15 years. The stress level was evaluated using authorial questionnaire for assessment of cardiovascular risk factors prevalence among students. The questionnaire comprised the assessment of health status based on the medical history, eating habits, physical activity, family history and intake of drugs. Anthropometric measurements and calculations included body weight, body height, BMI (Body Mass Index) and WHR (Waist Hip Ratio). The systolic and the diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were measured by the traditional sphygmomanometer with participant in a sitting position. The U Manna Whitney or ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test were used to analyze the data. P value was set at value < 0.05.

Results:
Only 9,8% (n = 12) of students declared their lifestyle as not stressful. Other interviewees established their exposure to stress as: daily- 27,0% (n = 33), at least several times weekly- 36,1% (n = 44), periodically- 27,0% (n = 33). No assosiation were found for level of stress and other cardiovascular risk factors. The study group characterized high prevalence of drug intake: smoking declared 11,5% (n = 14) of students, strong alcohol consumption 46,7% (n = 57), weak alcohol 77,9% (n = 95) consumption, hard drugs intake 1,6% (n = 2) and soft drugs intake (especially cannabis products [hash and marijuana]) 13,9% (n = 17). Differences in strong alcohol consumption were significantly higher among the group of male students (p < 0,05).

Conclusions:
According the study there was no statistically significant correlation between the value of stress level declared by student and blood pressure or other cardiovascular risk factors. We observed high percentage of miscellaneous drug intake among the study group.
CARDIOVASCULAR RISK PROFILE OF A YOUNG ADULT POPULATION WITH HIGH RISK FOR OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SCREENED BY STOP-BANG AND EPWORTH SLEEPINESS SCALE IN A PRIMARY HEALTH CARE UNIT
Authors: Barbalho Daniella Gomes , De Souza Mello Tomas , Zink Luciana Oliveira , Louzada Vinicius Leiria Teixeira , Borges Rodrigo Eugênio Vinuto , Ribeiro Sávio Ferreira , De Hollanda João Victor Gonçalves , Botelho Bruna Gopp , Da Silva Amanda Oliveira , Silva Rodrigo , Ushijima Natalia Rossilho Moyses , Kendler Daniel Barreto , Fernandes Ana Cristina Tenório Da C. , Muxfeldt Elizabeth Silaid 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective:
To establish the relationship between cardiovascular (CV) risk profile and detected risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in two questionnaires - STOP-BANG (SB) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), in a young population of adults registered in a Primary Health Care unit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Design and method:
This cross-sectional population study enrolled adults between 20–50 years old, registered in a primary healthcare unit in Rio de Janeiro. A database is being developed including sociodemographic and anthropometric data, and CV risk factors. Office blood pressure (BP) and Home Blood Pressure Monitoring (HBPM) (7-day protocol) (Omron-705CP). Moreover, OSA was investigated by SB and ESS. Patients with a high risk for OSA in either of these two questionnaires were subsequently assigned for polysomnography (PSG).

Results:
A total of 562 subjects were evaluated [40% males, 38.9 ± 8.8 years], where 151 (26.9%) were identified as high risk for OSA by the SB questionnaire and 210 (37.4%) by ESS. The most common CV risk factor was physical inactivity (43%), followed by dyslipidemia (38%) and obesity (28%). By OBP, the prevalence of hypertension was 13.4% while by HBPM was 18.6%, with a low concordance between them (kappa = 0.472). Subjects with a high risk at SB are older, with a higher prevalence of obesity, hypertension and higher office BP and HBPM. On the other hand, individuals with high-risk by ESS were more obese, with increased waist circumference, higher prevalence of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, there was no difference in BP levels. Among the subjects submitted to PSG, 46% had a diagnosis of OSA (AHI higher 5/hour) and 23% of moderate/severe OSA (AHI higher 15/hour). The best predictor of AOS was SB, positive in 100% of subjects with moderate/severe OSA, while ESS was positive in only 20% of them.

Conclusions:
This young and apparently healthy population presented a high prevalence and risk for OSA. The SB had a higher association with higher BP levels, while ESE was associated with a worse metabolic profile. SB questionnaire seems to be the best predictor for moderate/severe OSA in this young adult population.
SERUM PROTEOME AND HIGH WATTAGE E-CIGARETTE VAPING: A RANDOMIZED CROSSOVER STUDY
Authors: Chaumont Martin , Communi David , Tagliatti Vanessa , Colet Jean -Marie , Van de Borne Philippe 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective:
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are battery-powered devices that aerosolize a liquid (i.e. “e-liquid”) composed of propylene glycol (PG) and/or glycerol (GLY), flavorings and most commonly, nicotine. Suspension of fine particles in a gas forms the aerosol, that is inhaled (i.e. “vaped”). As these small hydrophilic molecules have a short serum/urine half-live, we hypothesized that short-term cessation of vaping in regular users would change serum proteomic signatures.

Design and method:
Thirty regular e-cigarette users were enrolled in this randomized, investigator-blinded, three-period crossover-study. The periods consisted of nicotine-vaping (nicotine-session), nicotine-free vaping (nicotine-free-session), and complete cessation of vaping (stop-session), all maintained for five days before the session began. Multiparametric metabolomic analyses on urine and serum were used to verify subjects’ protocol compliance, which was 95%. Serum proteomic analysis was performed with Sequential Windowed Acquisition of All theoretical Fragment Ion Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS)

Results:
Complete cessation of vaping allowed to identify 13 proteins in the serum, which were differentially modulated among sessions. The following proteins of coagulation cascade: anti thrombin III, heparin cofactor II and alpha-2-antiplasmin were higher in the stop-session compared to nicotine- and nicotine-free session. Compared to stop-session, two proteins of complement cascade were lower in the stop-session compared to the nicotine-session.
Finally; lower levels of apolipoprotein E were also found in the stop-session compared to the nicotine-free session. (Table 1)

Conclusions:
In conclusion, our study reveals that short-term e-cigarette cessation in regular users modified several proteins involved in the coagulation pathways, complement cascade and lipid transport. E-cigarette cessation could have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular health by decreasing the level of proteins involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, irrespective of the presence of nicotine. This will need further researches in order to confirm our findings in cellular and animal models and to find potential biomarkers of vaping toxicity.
EXCESSIVE SALT INTAKE: PREVALENCE AND ECONOMIC BURDEN IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Balanova Yulia , Shalnova S , Imaeva A , Kontsevaya A , Myrzamatova A , Mukaneeva D , Khudyakov M 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
WHO recommended average salt intake is 5 g/day. However, in the Russian market basket (the minimum food consumption norms approved by the government) include the salt norm is 10.1 g / day for the working population.
Aim. To assess the prevalence of excess salt intake (ESI) and the economic burden (EB) of ESI in the Russian Federation (RF) in 2016: direct costs of the health care system and indirect economic losses due to morbidity and mortality from chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD) associated with ESI.

Design and method:
A cross-sectional study Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases in the RF (ESSE) was carried out in 14 Russian regions (2012–13). Randomly selected aged 25–64 years males (N = 8304), females (N = 13464) were included (response rate>80%). Standard epidemiology methods and criteria were used. The prevalence of ESI was determined using questionnaire. Data sources included federal statistics, regulatory documents. Based on prevalence ESI in the RF and relative risks (RR) derived from meta-analyzes, population attributable risk (PAR) for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), stroke, type 2 diabetes (T2D), stomach cancer (SC) was calculated. Indirect costs (IC) associated with ESI included costs of premature death and disability. The calculations were performed in Microsoft Excel 10.0.

Results:
The prevalence of ESI was 49.9%, higher among males (54.2% vs 47.1%, p < 0,001). PAR of ESI was 5% for CVD mortality, 6% for CVD morbidity; stroke: 17%&10% accordingly, 18% for DM2 morbidity, and 7% for SC morbidity. The highest contribution of the ESI to the EB is associated with CVD (122.8 billion rubles), where half(68,1 billion rubles) is attributable to the EB associated with stroke. In the structure of the EB of each analyzed CNCD, ESI cause from 4.5% (CVD) to 16,1% (stroke) and 17% (for T2D) of the entire burden. The economic burden to CNCD associated with ESI in the RF in 2016 reached 160.9 billion rubles.

Conclusions:
ESI was found in half of Russian population aged 25–64. In the burden structure the direct costs were only12%, the economics losses were 88%. Total economic impact due to ESI in the RF was 0.19% of the gross domestic product(2016).
BIRTH WEIGHT AND RISK FACTORS FOR ATHEROSCLEROSIS -RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY IN JAPANESE WORKERS
Authors: Azegami Tatsuhiko , Takeda Ayano , Yokoyama Hirokazu , Wainai Yumiko , Hirose Hiroshi , Makino Shinji , Nishimura Tomoyasu , Goto Nobuko , Itoh Hiroshi , Mori Masaaki 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
Low birth weight is associated with chronic health conditions later in life. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is recently recognized as one of prognostic factors for cardiovascular events in general population. However, the association between the birth weight and BNP remains unclear. We aimed to examine the relation of birth weight with atherosclerotic risk factors including BNP among Japanese workers.

Design and method:
This study included 517 male and 592 female Japanese workers aged 40–70 years who attended an annual health checkup in 2018. The participants were divided into three groups according to their birth weight and evaluated the association between birth weight and risk factors for atherosclerosis including BNP, body mass index, blood pressure, creatinine, uric acid, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, glucose and HbA1c.

Results:
Trend test according to birth weight category showed that birth weight was inversely associated with HbA1c in men and with diastolic blood pressure in women, whereas it was not related with BNP levels in both men and women. Correlation coefficient test for birth weight data also revealed the correlation of birth weight with HbA1c in men (Pearson correlation coefficient -0.217, 95% CI [-0.350, -0.084]) and with diastolic blood pressure in women (-0.091, [-0.195, 0.000]), but not with log-transformed BNP level (-0.006, [-0.130, 0.142] for men, and -0.047 [-0.152, 0.057] for women). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that birth weight was one of explanatory factors for HbA1c and regression model including birth weight, body mass index, ALT, creatine, hemoglobin, WBC, and platelet predicted HbA1c levels in men (R2 = 0.278).

Conclusions:
The present study showed no significant association between birth weight and BNP, whereas inverse associations of birth weight with HbA1c in men and with diastolic blood pressure in women were found. These data suggest that the birth weight may partially predict the future risk factors for atherosclerosis.