bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technical Aspects And Early Results of Uniportal Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Complex Segmentectomy: A 30 Case-Series Study
Authors: Kong Xianglong , LU Jun , Li Peng-Ju , Ni Bo-Xiong , Zhu Kai-Bin , Xu Hai , Xu Shi-Dong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background. With the advantages of better cosmetic incision and faster recovery, uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (UP-VATS) has developed rapidly worldwide in recent decades and indications for UP-VATS were further expanded as those for conventional VATS. Complex segmentectomy that makes several, or intricate intersegmental planes, with more a complex procedure, continues to be a difficulty in minimally invasive techniques. However, there are few reports as yet on UP-VATS complex segmentectomy. In this report, we describe the perioperative clinical data and operative techniques and present our early results of UP-VATS complex segmentectomy in our hospital. Methods. The records of a total of 30 patients who underwent UP-VATS complex segmentectomy by a single surgeon between January 2021 and June 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. We defined cases as complex segmentectomy if they required resection of segment 9, 10, combined segmentectomy, segmentectomy+subsegmentectomy, subsegmentectomy, or combined subsegmentectomy. Results. The mean age was 52.8±9.9 years old; mean nodule size was 0.84±0.36 cm; the mean margin width was 2.307±0.309 cm; median operative time was 229.0±58.06 minutes; mean operative hemorrhage was 56.60±17.95 mL; 5.58±1.74 lymph nodes dissected had not metastasized; mean duration of postoperative chest tube drainage was 4.7±1.4 days; and mean postoperative hospital stay was 6.5±3.0 days. Although 1 patient experienced a prolonged air leak, the other 29 recovered uneventfully. Another patient failed to reach the 2cm safe margins who received completion lobectomy later. Conclusions. UP-VATS complex segmentectomy is a safe and effective procedure in the treatment of lung cancers, sparing more pulmonary parenchyma and ensuring safe margins, the disadvantage being lengthy operative times during early acquisition of skills.
Short-Term Effect of Acute Aerobic Exercise On Arterial Stiffness in People with Different Smoking Statuses
Authors: Wang Xianxuan , Chen Guanzhi , Huang Zegui , Zang Yiran , Cai Zefeng , Ding Xiong , Chen Zekai , Lan Yulong , Li Weijian , Fang Wei , Wu Weiqiang , Chen Zhichao , Wu Shouling , Chen Youren 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Smoking is strongly associated with arterial stiffness. Long-term regular aerobic exercise is an effective lifestyle intervention that improve arterial stiffness in healthy young people, however, the results of research on the immediate effect of short-term aerobic exercise on arterial stiffness in individuals with different smoking statuses have been inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of acute aerobic exercise on arterial stiffness in people with different smoking statuses.
Method:

People who participated in the sixth follow-up visit of the Kailuan Study (trial registration number: ChiCTR-TNRC-11001489) and participated in the fifth National Physical Fitness Monitoring were selected as subjects. All participants completed measurements of brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity, blood pressure, and heart rate before and after a two-stage load test on a power bicycle. The generalized linear model was established to analyze between-group differences in the change in brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity before and after aerobic exercise in people with different smoking statuses.
Results

There was a total of 940 male participants (36.82 ± 7.76 years old). On the basis of the smoking status, the subjects were divided into the following four groups: never smokers (n = 231), former smokers (n = 165), low-intensity smokers (n = 254), and high-intensity smokers (n = 290). After the two-stage load test, brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity was immediately decreased overall (1375.08 ± 209.09 vs. 1341.53 ± 208.04 cm/s, P < 0.05). The generalized linear model showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, the β-values and 95% confidence intervals of former smokers, low-intensity smokers, and high-intensity smokers were − 12.17 (− 30.08, 5.75), − 18.43 (− 34.69, − 2.16), and − 22.46 (− 38.39, − 6.54) cm/s compared with never smokers, respectively.
Conclusion

Our results suggest that a single short-term aerobic exercise can immediately improve arterial stiffness in people with different smoking statuses. and clinicians must prescribe individualized exercises for different groups of people to improve arterial stiffness, and reduce the damage to blood vessels caused by smoking.
L-theanine Prevents Progression of Nonalcoholichepatic Steatosis by Regulating Hepatocyte Lipid Metabolic Pathways via the CaMKKβ-AMPK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liang Juanjuan , Gu Lili , Liu Xianli , Yan Xintong , Bi Xiaowen , Fan Xirui , Zhou Jinyi , Lu Shuai , Luo Lan , Yin Zhimin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: L-theanine, a non-protein amino acid found principally in the green tea, has been previously shown to possess potent anti-obesity property and hepatoprotective effect. Herein, we investigated the effects of L-theanine on alleviating nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis in vitro and in vivo, and explored the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods: In vitro, HepG2 and AML12 cells were treated with 500 μM oleic acid (OA) or treated with OA accompanied by L-theanine. In vivo, C57BL/6J mice were fed with normal control diet (NCD), high‐fat diet (HFD), or HFD along with L-theanine for 16 weeks. The levels of TG, accumulation of lipid droplets and the expression of genes related to hepatocyte lipid metabolic pathways were detected in vitro and in vivo.Results: Our data indicated that, in vivo, L-theanine significantly reduced body weight, hepatic steatosis, serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), TG and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) in HFD-induced Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mice. In vitro, L-theanine also significantly alleviated OA induced hepatocytes steatosis. Mechanic studies showed that L-theanine significantly inhibited the nucleus translocation of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) through AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway, thereby contributing to the reduction of fatty acid synthesis. We also identified that L-theanine enhanced fatty acid β-oxidation by increasing the expression of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor α (PPARα) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 A (CPT1A) through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Furthermore, our study indicated that L-theanine can active AMPK via its upstream kinase Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-β (CaMKKβ). Conclusions: Taken together, our findings suggest that L-theanine alleviates nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis by regulating hepatocyte lipid metabolic pathways via the CaMKKβ-AMPK signaling pathway.
Secondary Metabolites Evaluation On Medicago Sativa L. Plants Treated By (Fe, Ag, Cu)-TiO2 Nanostructured Materials Towards Sustainable Agriculture.
Authors: Páramo Luis , Feregrino-Pérez Ana Angélica , Guevara-González Ramón Gerardo , Vega-González Marina , Escobar-Alarcón Luis , Esqu Karen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The present study analyzed Medicago sativa L. crops irrigated by TiO2 in the anatase phase and TiO2 doped with Ag, Fe, Cu ions at 0.1%w synthesized by the sol-gel method (SG) and the sol-gel coupled with microwaves (Mw-SG). The materials were added to the irrigation water at different concentrations (50, 100, and 500 ppm). Affectation levels were observed by measuring stem morphology, chlorophyll content, secondary metabolite content (total phenolic, flavonoids), and antioxidant activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical assay. The results revealed a reduction in stem and leave size at different concentrations and chlorophyll content, showing no correspondence with the applied dose. Nanostructured materials in the soil generated nitrogen, boron, and potassium deficiencies observed in leaves. No linear effect related to the increase in total gallic acid, rutin content, and antioxidant activity dependent on concentration was determined. The stress factor depended on the dopant type, generating different stress levels at the three organs investigated (leaves, roots, stem). The metabolite augmentation was mainly obtained at 100 and 500 ppm for both synthesis methods.
Niche-Specialist And Age-Related Microbial Ecosystem: Correlation Analysis With Immune Cells In Oral Homeostasis
Authors: Lin Dongjia , Yang Lisa , Hu Qiannan , Wang Dikan , Dai Wenxiao , Xiao Yiwei , Lu Huanzi , Fang Juan , Wang Zhi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The oral microbial ecosystem, with distinct characteristics in structure and evolution, plays an important role in the mucosal homeostasis. The characterization of baseline microbial and functional diversity in the oral microbiome has been discussed, yet the taxon-taxon relationships, and the role of the microbes themselves to the host mucosa are still lack of discussing. In addition, the current literature seems insufficient to draw a definitive conclusion about a possible impact of ageing on the oral microbiota. Therefore, the study focuses on the spatial and temporal characteristics of the oral microbial ecosystem, and its correlation with immune cell in oral homeostasis. Results: The V3V4 region of 16S rRNA gene of 30 samples from different sites (gingiva, palate, buccal, tongue) and life stages (adult, old) was analyzed. Flow cytometry was used to investigate the residing immune cells. The niche-specialist and age-related communities, characterized by alterations in microbiota structure, taxon-taxon relationship, microbial functions, and immune cell inhabiting, have been addressed. Interestingly, network analysis shows more antagonistic interactions in gingiva, palatal site, and old mice saliva, where harbor a richer diversity. While in buccal mucosa and tongue, it appears more synergic interactions to maintain the ecosystem balance. Functional analysis reveals that the significant factor that determines the niche for a microbe is its local habitat in the content of one specific age, which includes its immediate neighbors. Correlation analysis suggests strong associations between distinct oral bacteria and Th cells exist in different life stages. Conclusions: Our findings propose that the oral microbial ecosystem, with niche-specialist and age-related characteristics, has unique evolution and co-evolution with the host to maintain oral homeostasis, which provides critical insights on mucosal microbiology.
Role of Three Dimensional Doppler Ultrasonography And Leukemia Inhibitory Factor From Endometrial Secretion In Predicting Clinical Pregnancy In IVF Treatment
Authors: Sini Ivan , Handayani Nining , MD Ph.D Hara Alida , Boediono Arief , Wiweko Budi , Hadisaputra Wachyu , Soebijanto Soegiharto , Aprilliana Tri , Polim Arie Adrianus , Pradana Aryando 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the potential synergistic role of three-dimensional power Doppler angiography ultrasound and the expression of Leukemia Inhibitory factor (LIF) protein in predicting the endometrial receptivity of fresh In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) cycles. Materials and methods This prospective study involved 29 good prognosis women who underwent fresh IVF cycles with fresh blastocysts transfer. Serial measurements of sub-endometrial parameters via power Doppler angiography including vascularity index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI) were conducted consecutively on the day of oocyte maturation trigger, ovum pick-up, and blastocyst transfer. Aspiration of endometrial secretion was performed on the day of embryo transfer. ResultsAfter performing multiple logistic regression analyses, the mean index of VI on the trigger day and LIF protein concentration at the window of implantation was significantly higher in clinically pregnant women than that of the non-pregnant women (p <0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of LIF concentration was shown to have a powerful predictive value to forecast clinical pregnancy (0.884, p <0.05), with a cut-off value of 713 pg/mL. Likewise, VI index on the trigger day was adequate to become a predictor for the pregnancy event (AUC 0.803, the cut-off value >5.381, p<0.05). A combination of both variables utilizing the cut-off value was adequate for the differentiation of pregnant and non-pregnant cases (p <0.05). ConclusionVI index assessed on trigger day and the expression of LIF protein concentration at the window of implantation provided sufficient information to predict endometrial receptivity.
Preventative Effects of 1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline Derivatives (N-Functional Group Loading) On MPTP-Induced Parkinsonism In Mice
Authors: Munakata Hiroko , Ishikawa Risa , Saitoh Toshiaki , Kambe Toshie , Chiba Terumasa , Taguchi Kyoji , Abe Kenji 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline (TIQ) is endogenously present in human brain, and some of its derivatives are thought to contribute to the induction of Parkinson’s disease (PD)-like symptoms in rodents and primates. In contrast, the endogenous TIQ derivative 1-methyl-TIQ (1-MeTIQ) is reported to be neuroprotective. In the present study, we compared the effects of artificially modified 1-MeTIQ derivatives (loading an N-propyl, N-propenyl, N-propargyl, or N-butynyl group) on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD-like symptoms in mice. In a behavioral study, MPTP-induced bradykinesia was significantly decreased by all compounds. However, only 1-Me-N-propargyl-TIQ showed an inhibitory effect by blocking the MPTP-induced reduction in striatal dopamine content and the number of nigral tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells. Western blot analysis showed that 1-Me-N-propargyl-TIQ and 1-Me-N-butynyl-TIQ potently prevented the MPTP-induced decrease in dopamine transporter expression, whereas 1-MeTIQ and 1-Me-N-propyl-TIQ did not. Induction of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) by MPTP in the substantia nigra was significantly suppressed by not only 1-Me-N-propargyl-TIQ and 1-Me-N-butynyl-TIQ, but also by 1-Me-N-propyl-TIQ; in contrast, 1-Me-N-propenyl-TIQ had no effect. These results suggest that although loading an N-propargyl group on 1-MeTIQ clearly enhanced neuroprotective effects, other N-functional groups showed distinct pharmacological properties characteristic of their functional groups. Thus, the number of bonds and length of the N-functional group may contribute to the observed differences in effect.
Screening of Bacteria in the Biodegradation of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate (LBAS) From Car Wash Waste Water in Tehran (Iran)
Authors: Fakhar Vida , Ghasemi Hanieh , Naghmachi Mohsen , Amini Javid , Amirmahani Farzane , Danaei Marzieh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LABS) is a substance used as a surfactant in anionic detergents. Today, it is the most widely used surfactant in detergent products after soap. The aim of this study was to screen effective isolates for the degradation of LABS from car wash effluents in Tehran (Iran). In this study, 10 effluent samples were randomly collected from car washes in Tehran (Iran). Isolation of mesophilic aerobic bacteria was performed by direct and pre-enrichment culture techniques. Biodegradation of sodium dodecyl sulfonate by isolates and turbidity was investigated by methylene blue active substance (MBAS) method, and the superior strain was identified by molecular method (Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR), which approximately 86% of the material was degrade by the bacterial isolate, and the isolate was identified as Bacillus licheniformis.The results of MBAS method showed that the rate of LBAS degradation by bacteria was 86%, which indicates the high power of this bacterium to degrade LABS from sewage systems (car wash effluents). It was also shown that the concentration of LABS during 8 days of biodegradation period by this bacterium decreased from 80%, which indicates a significant decrease in LABS by Bacillus licheniformis. According to our results, Bacillus licheniformis can be used to dagrade LABS and its degradation in wastewater treatment systems of car wash effluents whose effluents are based on alkyl benzene sulfonates.
CHA2DS2-VASc, a Simple Clinical Score Expanding Its Boundaries To Predict Contrast Induced Acute Kidney Injury After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Interventions
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Batra Mahesh Kumar , Khowaja Sanam , Ammar Ali , Kumar Ashok , Mengal Muhammad Naeem , Naqvi Syeda Kahkashan Zehra , Sial Jawaid Akbar , Saghir Tahir , Karim Musa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Promising results of CHA2DS2-VASc score have been reported for the prediction of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, data of its predictive strength in the context of primary PCI is not available. Therefore, in this study, we have assessed predictive value of CHA2DS2-VASc score for CIN after primary PCI.
Methodology
: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2021 and June 2021 at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan. Inclusion criteria of the study was consecutive adult patients undergone primary PCI. Baseline CHA2DS2-VASc score was calculated and either 25% or 0.5 mg/dL increase in post-procedure serum creatinine level as compared to baseline level was categorized as CIN.
Results
A total of 691 patients were included, of which 82.1% (567) were male. CIN after primary PCI was observed in 63 (9.1%) patients out of which 66.7% (42) patients had CHA2DS2-VASc score of ≥ 2. The area under the curve (AUC) for the score was 0.725 [0.662 to 0.788] with sensitivity and specificity of 66.7% [63.1–70.2%] and 66.7% [53.7–78.1%] respectively at cut-off value of ≥ 2. In multivariable analysis, left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 30% and CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2 were found to be independent predictors with adjusted odds ratios of 2.19 [1.06–4.5] and 2.13 [1.13–4.01] respectively.
Conclusions
CHA2DS2-VASc score has good predictive value for the prediction of CIN after primary PCI. Criteria of CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2 can be used for the risk stratification of CIN after primary PCI.
Epidemiology and Impact of Thoracic Trauma on the Mortality of Multi-trauma Patients: Results From a French Road Trauma Registry 1997-2016
Authors: Benhamed Axel , Ndiaye Amina , Emond Marcel , Lieutaud Thomas , Douplat Marion , Gossiome Amaury , Laumon Bernard , Gadegbeku Blandine , Tazarourte Karim 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Thoracic trauma is the third most common cause of death in multi-trauma patients. One of the most frequent mechanism is road traffic accident (RTA). The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of severe (abbreviated injury scale, AIS≥3) injuries in each body region on the mortality of multi-trauma patients with a particular attention to thoracic trauma. We also described the epidemiology and injury pattern of these patients when presenting with at least one AIS ≥2 thoracic injury (AISThorax≥2). Patients included in the Rhône RTA registry between 1997 and 2016, with at least one AIS ≥2 injury in any body region were included. Two subgroups were defined according to whether patients presented at least one AISThorax≥2 injury or not. Multivariate regression analysis with mortality as outcome was performed. A total of 46,526 patients had at least one AIS≥2 injury, among them 6,382 (13.7%) had at least one AISThorax≥2 injury. Severe thoracic injuries (OR=12.2, 95%CI [8.4;17.7]) were strongly associated with death, second to severe head injuries were (OR=26.8, 95%CI [20.4;35.2]). Chest wall injuries were the most frequent thoracic injury (62.1%, n=5,419) and 52.4% of these were multiple rib fractures. Severe thoracic injury is a priority in multi-trauma patients; both in the detection but also in the management.
Preparedness for Emergency Events Among Patients with Chronic Diseases in China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Hui , Liu Yu , Du Meichen , Zhang Ping , Yu Xiaoyan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Large-scale emergencies hurt the chronically ill immensely. Improving personal emergency preparedness is an effective means to protect themself. Our objective is to evaluate the emergency preparedness level and its influencing factors among patients with chronic diseases in China.
Methods

A paper-based self-administrated questionnaire collected data. Descriptive statistics and univariate analysis were used to illustrate the chronically ill's general characteristics and preparedness level. Regression models were constructed to identify influencing factors of preparedness.
Results

A total of 771 samples were included. Only 23% of respondents prepared three days of water, three days of food, available flashlights, and available radios. 50% were equipped with three-day prescription drugs. Patients with chronic respiratory diseases or cancer were less prepared (p < 0.01). Patients who were never married or married (compared with widowed, divorced, or separated); had junior high school degrees (compared with a college degree and above); had monthly household incomes of more than 10,000 yuan; suffered from two or above chronic diseases, often and rarely discussed emergencies with families (compared with never); perceived learning emergency-related information as essential; participated in emergency drills; believed their families have prepared; and had high levels of mental health are more likely to have the four preparations. Factors related to higher levels of prescription drug reserve include owning junior high school or high school degrees, having two or above chronic diseases, being sick for five to nine years (compared to less than or equal to one year), being interested in gathering information about the emergency response, and perceived learning emergency-related information is crucial.​
Conclusion

Patients with chronic diseases have a low level of emergency preparedness. Public health officials should formulate tailored policies, information, and intervention measures that target chronically ill patients to improve their emergency preparedness, particularly those with low income, low mental health, divorce, widowhood, or separation.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Low-Risk Patients: A Meta-Analysis Based On a 2-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Chen Chang-Gan , Xi Bei-Bei , Deng Qiu-Feng , Zhang Xin-Yuan , Lin Wei-Cheng , Chen Liang-Wan , Qiu Zhi-Huang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown that transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is the best alternative therapy to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in high-risk surgical patients with aortic stenosis (AS). However, it is not clear whether TAVI can be utilised in low-risk surgical patients with AS. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TAVI in low-risk patients.Methods: From the outset of our initiative until June 2021, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane were thoroughly searched, yielding the selection of 3 randomised controlled trials including 2633 patients with AS, to assess outcome measures at distinct follow-up time periods. Results: The mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Mortality score of patients was 2.2. At the 30-day and 1-year follow-up, TAVI was associated with a lower incidence of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, acute kidney injury (stage 2 or 3), life-threatening or significant bleeding, and new atrial fibrillation (NAF), but an increased risk of permanent pacemaker implantation. At the 2-year follow-up, TAVI only had an advantage in NAF (RR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.14–0.51; P＜0.0001) without any significant difference in any of the other outcome measures.Conclusions: For low-risk surgical patients with AS, the efficacy of TAVI was superior to that of SAVR by the 30-day and 1-year follow-up. This was most evident by the 2-year follow-up, except for the advantages of NAF, with no other significant differences.