bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Optical Gain of Solution‐Processed Mixed‐Cation CsPbBr3 Thin Films towards Enhanced Amplified Spontaneous Emission
Authors: Li Meili , Shang Qiuyu , Li Chun , Li Shuai , Liang Yin , Yu Wenjin , Wu Cuncun , Zhao Liyun , Zhong Yangguang , Du Wenna , Wu Xianxin , Jia Zhili , Gao Yan , Chen Hui , Liu Xinfeng , Guo Shaojun , Liao Qing , Xing Guichuan , Xiao Lixin , Zhang Qing 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA solution‐processed thin film made of all‐inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite is a promising candidate for low‐cost and flexible green‐color lasers. However, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) of solution‐processed CsPbBr3 films still experiences a high threshold owing to poor morphology and insufficient optical gain. Here, a multiple‐cation doping strategy is demonstrated to develop compact, smooth thin films of Cs0.87(FAMA)0.13PbBr3/(NMA)2PbBr4 (FA: formamidinium; MA: methylammonium; NMA: naphthylmethylammonium) with a record high net modal optical gain of ≈3030 cm−1 and low propagation loss of 1.0 cm−1. The FA and MA cations improve the crystallization kinetics to form continuous films, and the NMA cations reduce the grain dimension, increase film dispersibility/uniformity, and enhance spatial confinement to promote optical gain. Room‐temperature ASE is demonstrated under a low threshold of ≈3.8 µJ cm−2 without degradation after four months of storage in glove box or excitation by 3 × 107 laser pulses. These findings provide insights into enhancing the optical gain and lowering the threshold of perovskite lasers in terms of molecular synthesis and microstructure engineering.
Tailoring Surface Self‐Organization for Nanoscale Polygonal Morphology on Germanium
Authors: Kamaliya Bhaveshkumar , Garg Vivek , Liu Amelia C. Y. , Chen Yu (Emily) , Aslam Mohammed , Fu Jing , Mote Rakesh G. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe evolution of polygonal‐shaped nanoholes on the (100) surface of germanium, aided by focused ion beam induced self‐organization, is presented. The energetic beam of ions creates a viscous phase which, at a thermodynamical minimum, leads to surface self‐organization. A directed viscous‐flow along the predefined nanoholes provides well‐ordered polygonal nanostructures, ranging from triangles to hexagons and octagons, as desired. The amorphization exhibiting a confined viscous‐flow at the walls of nanoholes is attributed to the localized melting zones induced by site‐specific thermal spikes during ion irradiation, as revealed by microscopy and molecular dynamics studies. This leads to a local self‐organization in the vicinity of each circular nanohole via a viscous‐fingering process at the nanoscale. Such controlled self‐organization, with the help of a predefined scanning grid, transforms the circular holes into the desired polygonal shape. The present morphology manipulation promises to surmount the barriers concerning the size reduction efforts in the field of nanofabrication.
Capturing Cytokines with Advanced Materials: A Potential Strategy to Tackle COVID‐19 Cytokine Storm
Authors: Meng Qian‐Fang , Tian Rui , Long Haiyi , Wu Xianjia , Lai Jialin , Zharkova Olga , Wang Jiong‐Wei , Chen Xiaoyuan , Rao Lang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic, induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has caused great impact on the global economy and people's daily life. In the clinic, most patients with COVID‐19 show none or mild symptoms, while approximately 20% of them develop severe pneumonia, multiple organ failure, or septic shock due to infection‐induced cytokine release syndrome (the so‐called “cytokine storm”). Neutralizing antibodies targeting inflammatory cytokines may potentially curb immunopathology caused by COVID‐19; however, the complexity of cytokine interactions and the multiplicity of cytokine targets make attenuating the cytokine storm challenging. Nonspecific in vivo biodistribution and dose‐limiting side effects further limit the broad application of those free antibodies. Recent advances in biomaterials and nanotechnology have offered many promising opportunities for infectious and inflammatory diseases. Here, potential mechanisms of COVID‐19 cytokine storm are first discussed, and relevant therapeutic strategies and ongoing clinical trials are then reviewed. Furthermore, recent research involving emerging biomaterials for improving antibody‐based and broad‐spectrum cytokine neutralization is summarized. It is anticipated that this work will provide insights on the development of novel therapeutics toward efficacious management of COVID‐19 cytokine storm and other inflammatory diseases.
On the Improvement of Alveolar‐Like Microfluidic Devices for Efficient Blood Oxygenation
Authors: Malankowska Magdalena , Pellejero Ismael , Julian Ignacio , Rho Hoon Suk , Pinczowski Pedro , Tiggelaar Roald M. , Gardeniers Han , Mallada Reyes , Pina Maria Pilar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this work, alveolar‐like microfluidic devices are studied with a horizontal membrane arrangement that demonstrate a great potential as small‐scale blood oxygenator. The design criteria for the fabricated devices are to maximize the oxygen saturation level and minimize liquid chamber volume while ensuring the physiological blood flow in order to avoid thrombus formation and channel blockage during operation. The liquid chamber architecture is iteratively modified upon analysis of the fluid dynamics by computer modeling. Accordingly, two alveolar type architectures are fabricated, Alveolar Design 1 (AD1) and Alveolar Design 2 (AD2), and evaluated for oxygenation of sheep blood. The attained O2 transfer rate at 1 mL min−1 of blood flow rate for both devices is rather similar: 123 and 127 mL min−1 m−2 for AD1 and AD2 microfluidic devices, respectively. Among the studied, AD2 type geometry would lead to the lowest pressure drop and shear stress value upon implementation in a scaled microfluidic artificial lung (μAL) to satisfy oxygenation requirements of a 2.0 kg neonate.
Conduction Cooling and Plasmonic Heating Dramatically Increase Droplet Vitrification Volumes for Cell Cryopreservation
Authors: Zhan Li , Guo Shuang‐Zhuang , Kangas Joseph , Shao Qi , Shiao Maple , Khosla Kanav , Low Walter C. , McAlpine Michael C. , Bischof John 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDroplet vitrification has emerged as a promising ice‐free cryopreservation approach to provide a supply chain for off‐the‐shelf cell products in cell therapy and regenerative medicine applications. Translation of this approach requires the use of low concentration (i.e., low toxicity) permeable cryoprotectant agents (CPA) and high post cryopreservation viability (>90%), thereby demanding fast cooling and warming rates. Unfortunately, with traditional approaches using convective heat transfer, the droplet volumes that can be successfully vitrified and rewarmed are impractically small (i.e., 180 picoliter) for <2.5 m permeable CPA. Herein, a novel approach to achieve 90–95% viability in micro‐liter size droplets with 2 m permeable CPA, is presented. Droplets with plasmonic gold nanorods (GNRs) are printed onto a cryogenic copper substrate for improved cooling rates via conduction, while plasmonic laser heating yields >400‐fold improvement in warming rates over traditional convective approach. High viability cryopreservation is then demonstrated in a model cell line (human dermal fibroblasts) and an important regenerative medicine cell line (human umbilical cord blood stem cells). This approach opens a new paradigm for cryopreservation and rewarming of dramatically larger volume droplets at lower CPA concentration for cell therapy and other regenerative medicine applications.
Cold surge invading the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Competition Zones and the predictability in BCC‐AGCM model
Authors: Li Xiang , Gao Hui , Ding Ting 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe 24th Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games will be held at three competition zones in North China. The cold surge is considered as the most dominant weather affecting the game schedule by the Organizing Committee of Beijing Olympic Games. In this article, both the frequency of 124 cold surge cases invading the competition zones and the corresponding atmospheric circulation during the winters of 1985–2020 are first analyzed. The results show that the frequency has not been reduced by the global warming. On the contrary, it has been increasing slightly in recent decade. By verifying the forecast skill of temperature drop at the zones in Beijing Climate Center‐Atmospheric General Circulation Model (version 2.2), it is found that the average efficient forecast leading time with persistent temperature drop exceeding 1°C is about 7 days, but significant differences exist among the individual cases. The 20 best forecasts and the 20 worst forecasts were selected for further analysis. In the 20 worst forecasts, the cold surge processes cannot be forecasted even 1 day in advance. It is mainly due to the great deviation of the simulated circulation from the observation, especially the failure to forecast the enhancement of the Siberian High especially in its southeast part before the cold surge occurrence. While in the 20 best forecasts, the model can capture the cold surges 9 days before the occurrence, owing to its skill in forecasting the positive sea level pressure anomalies from the southern Barents Sea and the Kara Sea to eastern China. Above evaluations can provide useful information to the forecast of cold surge invading the competition zones beyond 1 week.
The tree of life describes a tripartite cellular world
Authors: Nasir Arshan , Mughal Fizza , Caetano‐Anollés Gustavo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe canonical view of a 3‐domain (3D) tree of life was recently challenged by the discovery of Asgardarchaeota encoding eukaryote signature proteins (ESPs), which were treated as missing links of a 2‐domain (2D) tree. Here we revisit the debate. We discuss methodological limitations of building trees with alignment‐dependent approaches, which often fail to satisfactorily address the problem of ‘‘gaps.’’ In addition, most phylogenies are reconstructed unrooted, neglecting the power of direct rooting methods. Alignment‐free methodologies lift most difficulties but require employing realistic evolutionary models. We argue that the discoveries of Asgards and ESPs, by themselves, do not rule out the 3D tree, which is strongly supported by comparative and evolutionary genomic analyses and vast genomic and biochemical superkingdom distinctions. Given uncertainties of retrodiction and interpretation difficulties, we conclude that the 3D view has not been falsified but instead has been strengthened by genomic analyses. In turn, the objections to the 2D model have not been lifted. The debate remains open. Also see the video abstract here:https://youtu.be/-6TBN0bubI8
Simple and sensitive detection of deoxyribonucleic acid using a RecA−GFP fusion protein–DNA filament as probe
Authors: Ren Zijing , Zhang Yuanfu , Wu Tao , Xue Qingwang , Wang Shuhao 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA simple, rapid and highly sensitive method for detection of double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) was developed using a novel fluorescence probe composed of a RecA–GFP fusion protein that had specific recognition of ssDNA complexes (RecA–GFP–DNA filament). The RecA–GFP fusion protein not only had strong fluorescence, but could also occur by homologous recombination. In the presence of the target dsDNA, the complementary ssDNA of the RecA–GFP–DNA filaments invaded one end of the dsDNA chain. In addition, the other end of the ssDNA dissociated the RecA–GFP filaments. An assay of the probe showed a linear relationship with dsDNA concentration in the range 1–11 nM, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9923. The limit of detection for dsDNA was determined experimentally to be 0.3 nM (3δ). Compared with conventional methods, this method has the advantages of simple operation, high specificity, and high sensitivity.
Optimization of culture conditions for human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cell expansion in macrocarrier‐based Tide Motion system
Authors: Bhat Samatha , Chiew Geraldine Giap Ying , Ng Jia Xing , Lin Xiangliang , Seetharam Raviraja N. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundWith high cell doses required for mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) clinical trials, there is a need to upgrade technologies that facilitate efficient scale up of MSCs for cell therapy. Conventional expansion with 2D culture vessels becomes the bottleneck when large cell dosages are required. Tide Motion bioreactors offer a robust, scalable platform using BioNOC II macrocarriers developed for the production of adherent cells.MethodsWe evaluated the growth and expansion of bone marrow‐derived MSCs (BM‐MSCs) on the macrocarrier‐based culture system by optimizing key parameters such as cell seeding densities, culturing conditions, and harvesting procedures to achieve optimal cell growth. BM‐MSCs expanded in conventional 2D adherent cultures were seeded into BioNOC II macrocarriers and grown in serum‐containing or serum‐free medium.ResultsBM‐MSCs attained a maximum cell density of 0.49 ± 0.07 × 106 cells/carrier after 12 days of culture in BioNOC II macrocarriers with cell viability > 86% while retaining MSC specific characteristics such as surface marker expression, tri‐lineage differentiation potential, immunosuppressive properties, and potency.ConclusionThese results reveal the feasibility of BM‐MSC expansion in the scalable macrocarrier‐based Tide Motion system both under serum and serum‐free conditions and represent an important step for the large‐scale production system of BM‐MSC based cellular therapies.
Clinical significance of CDKN2A homozygous deletion in combination with methylated MGMT status for IDH‐wildtype glioblastoma
Authors: Funakoshi Yusuke , Hata Nobuhiro , Takigawa Kosuke , Arita Hideyuki , Kuga Daisuke , Hatae Ryusuke , Sangatsuda Yuhei , Fujioka Yutaka , Sako Aki , Umehara Toru , Yoshitake Tadamasa , Togao Osamu , Hiwatashi Akio , Yoshimoto Koji , Iwaki Toru , Mizoguchi Masahiro 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveAccumulating evidence from recent molecular diagnostic studies has indicated the prognostic significance of various genetic markers for patients with glioblastoma (GBM). To evaluate the impact of such genetic markers on prognosis, we retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of patients with IDH‐wildtype GBM in our institution. In addition, to assess the impact of bevacizumab (BEV) treatment, we compared overall survival (OS) between the pre‐ and post‐BEV eras.MethodsWe analyzed the data of 100 adult patients (over 18 years old) with IDH‐wildtype GBM from our database between February 2006 and October 2018. Genetic markers, such as MGMT methylation status, EGFR amplification, CDKN2A homozygous deletion, and clinical factors were analyzed by evaluating the patients’ OS.ResultsCDKN2A homozygous deletion showed no significant impact on OS in patients with methylated MGMT status (p = 0.5268), whereas among patients with unmethylated MGMT status, there was a significant difference in OS between patients with and without CDKN2A homozygous deletion (median OS: 14.7 and 16.9 months, respectively, p = 0.0129). This difference was more evident in the pre‐BEV era (median OS: 10.1 and 15.6 months, respectively, p = 0.0351) but has become nonsignificant in the post‐BEV era (median OS: 16.0 and 16.9 months, respectively, p = 0.1010) due to OS improvement in patients with CDKN2A homozygous deletion. However, these findings could not be validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort.ConclusionsMGMT and CDKN2A status subdivided our cohort into three race‐specific groups with different prognoses. Our findings indicate that BEV approval in Japan led to OS improvement exclusively for patients with concurrent unmethylated MGMT status and CDKN2A homozygous deletion.
Targeted Degradation of PARP14 Using a Heterobifunctional Small Molecule
Authors: Wigle Tim J. , Ren Yue , Molina Jennifer R. , Blackwell Danielle J. , Schenkel Laurie B. , Swinger Kerren K. , Kuplast‐Barr Kristy , Majer Christina R. , Church W. David , Lu Alvin Z. , Mo Jason , Abo Ryan , Cheung Anne , Dorsey Bryan W. , Niepel Mario , Perl Nicholas R. , Vasbinder Melissa M. , Keilhack Heike , Kuntz Kevin W. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPARP14 is an interferon‐stimulated gene that is overexpressed in multiple tumor types, influencing pro‐tumor macrophage polarization as well as suppressing the antitumor inflammation response by modulating IFN‐γ and IL‐4 signaling. PARP14 is a 203 kDa protein that possesses a catalytic domain responsible for the transfer of mono‐ADP‐ribose to its substrates. PARP14 also contains three macrodomains and a WWE domain which are binding modules for mono‐ADP‐ribose and poly‐ADP‐ribose, respectively, in addition to two RNA recognition motifs. Catalytic inhibitors of PARP14 have been shown to reverse IL‐4 driven pro‐tumor gene expression in macrophages, however it is not clear what roles the non‐enzymatic biomolecular recognition motifs play in PARP14‐driven immunology and inflammation. To further understand this, we have discovered a heterobifunctional small molecule designed based on a catalytic inhibitor of PARP14 that binds in the enzyme's NAD+‐binding site and recruits cereblon to ubiquitinate it and selectively target it for degradation.
Systemic pigmented contact dermatitis to cobalt following ingestion of cobalamin supplement
Authors: Pongcharoensuk Thanet , Thaiwat Supitchaya 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSystemic contact dermatitis (SCD) is a condition occurring in previously sensitized individuals after systemic re‐exposure to the same or cross‐reacting substance. Pigmented systemic contact dermatitis after intake of cobalt containing diet has never been reported.
Crystal Engineering Using Polyiodide Halogen and Chalcogen Bonding to Isolate the Phenothiazinium Radical Cation and Its Rare Dimer, 10‐(3‐Phenothiazinylidene)phenothiazinium
Authors: Peloquin Andrew J. , McMillen Colin D. , Iacono Scott T. , Pennington William T. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUtilizing facile one‐electron oxidation of 10H‐phenothiazine by molecular diiodine, the solid‐state structure of the 10H‐phenothiazinium radical cation was obtained in three cation:iodide ratios, as well as its THF and acetone solvates. Oxidation of 10H‐phenothiazine with molecular diiodine in DMSO or DMF provided the structure of the radical coupling product 10‐(3‐phenothiazinyldene)phenothiazinium, which has not been crystallographically characterized to date. The radical cations were balanced by a mixture (I7)−, (I5)−, (I3)−, and I− anions, where a variety of chalcogen, halogen, and hydrogen bonding interactions stabilize the structures to reveal these interesting cationic species.
Molecular Sieving of Acetylene from Ethylene in a Rigid Ultra‐microporous Metal Organic Framework.
Authors: Jiang Xue , Pham Tony , Cao Jian‐Wei , Forrest Katherine A. , Wang Hui , Chen Juan , Zhang Qiu‐Yu , Chen Kai‐Jie 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRigid molecular sieving materials are the ideal candidates for gas separation (e. g., C2H2/C2H4) due to their ultrahigh adsorption selectivity and the absence of gas co‐adsorption. However, the absolute molecular sieving effect for C2H2/C2H4 separation has rarely been realized because of their similar physicochemical properties. Herein, we demonstrate the absolute molecular sieving of C2H2 from C2H4 by a rigid ultra‐microporous metal‐organic framework (F−PYMO−Cu) with 1D regular channels (pore size of ca. 3.4 Å). F−PYMO−Cu exhibited moderate acetylene uptake (35.5 cm3/cm3), but very low ethylene uptake (0.55 cm3/cm3) at 298 K and 1 bar, yielding the second highest C2H2/C2H4 uptake ratio of 63.6 up to now. One‐step C2H4 production from a binary mixture of C2H2/C2H4 and a ternary mixture of C2H2/CO2/C2H4 at 298 K was achieved and verified by dynamic breakthrough experiments. Coupled with excellent thermal and water stability, F−PYMO−Cu could be a promising candidate for industrial C2 separation tasks.
Construction of an Octanuclear Zn(II)‐Yb(III) Schiff Base Complex for the NIR Luminescent Sensing of Nitrofuran Antibiotics
Authors: Niu Mengyu , Yang Xiaoping , Ma Yanan , Wang Chengri , Hao Wenxin , Shi Dongliang , Schipper Desmond 
Published: April 2021

Main observation and conclusionOne near‐infrared (NIR) luminescent octanuclear Zn(II)‐Yb(III) complex [Zn6Yb2L4(OAc)2(DMF)EtOH] (1) was obtained from a new multidentate Schiff base ligand. It exhibits interesting luminescent sensing activity to antibiotics, in particular to nitrofuran antibiotics (NFAs) with high sensitivity due to the inner filter effect. The NIR luminescence quenching constants and limits of the detection of the complex towards NFAs are 2.9 × 104—5.5 × 104 L/mol and 1.27—2.38 μmol/L, respectively. Its high luminescence sensitivity to NFAs is not changed with the existence of other antibiotics.
Variability and trait‐specific accessions for grain yield and nutritional traits in germplasm of little millet (Panicum sumatrense Roth. Ex. Roem. & Schult.)
Authors: Vetriventhan Mani , Upadhyaya Hari D , Azevedo Vania CR , Allan Victor , Anitha Seetha 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLittle millet (Panicum sumatrense Roth. Ex. Roem. & Schult.), a member of the grass family Poaceae, is native to India. It is nutritionally superior to major cereals, grows well on marginal lands, and can withstand drought and waterlogging conditions. Two‐hundred diverse little millet landraces were characterized to assess variability for agronomic and nutritional traits and identify promising accessions. Highly significant variability was found for all the agronomic and grain nutrient traits. Accessions of robusta were high yielding whereas those of nana were rich in grain nutrients. About 80% of the accessions showed consistent protein and zinc (Zn) contents whereas iron (Fe) and calcium (Ca) contents were less consistent (29.5 and 63.5%, respectively) over 2 yr. Promising trait‐specific accessions were identified for greater seed weight (10 accessions), high grain yield (15), high biomass yield (15), and consistently high grain nutrients (30) over 2 yr (R2 = .69–.74, P ≤ .0001). A few accessions showed consistently high for two or more nutrients (IPmr 449 for Fe, Zn, Ca, and protein; IPmr 981 for Zn and protein). Five accessions (IPmr 855, 974, 877, 897, 767) were high yielding and also rich in Ca. Consumption of 100 g of little millet grains can potentially contribute to the recommended dietary allowance of up to 28% Fe, 37% Zn, and 27% protein. Multilocation evaluation of the promising accessions across different soil types, fertility levels, and climatic conditions would help to identify valuable accessions for direct release as a cultivar or use in little millet improvement.
Influence of reaction conditions on the hydrodeoxygenation of light components in bio‐oil to long‐chain alkanes over Ni/HZSM‐5‐γ‐Al2O3
Authors: Li Zhiyu , Jiang Enchen , Xu Xiwei , Han Ping , Lu Fangyuan , Teng Jie , Zhou Ling 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA modified γ‐Al2O3‐supported nickel‐based Ni/HZSM‐5 catalyst prepared by the impregnation method was characterized by physical adsorption of N2, X‐ray diffraction, temperature‐programmed desorption of ammonia, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The influence of temperature, pressure, flow, and space velocity on the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of light components in bio‐oil was studied, and a lifespan test was performed on the Ni/HZSM‐5‐γ‐Al2O3 catalyst. The results showed that at a reaction temperature of 380°C, pressure of 2 MPa, flow rate of 380 ml min−1, and mass space velocity of 0.78 h−1, the hydrocarbon content of the upgraded oil was the highest, reaching 89.49%. Long‐chain alkanes were the main hydrocarbons in the upgraded oil. The results of a lifespan experiment show the good stability of the Ni/HZSM‐5‐γ‐Al2O3 catalyst in the HDO of bio‐oil over 5 h of reaction. The HDO reaction pathway of bio‐oil mainly resulted in conversion into long‐chain alkanes through a condensation reaction, a decarbonylation/decarboxylation reaction and hydrogenation. This study provides a reference for the preparation of high‐quality liquid fuels from biomass. [Correction added on June 18, 2021, after first online publication: 89.47% changed to 89.49%]