bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-Effectiveness Assessment of Different Glucosamines in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Simulation Model Adapted to Germany
Authors: Bruyère Olivier , Detilleux Johann , Reginster Jean-Yves 
Published: April 2021

Background:
The use of symptomatic slow-acting drugs for osteoarthritis (OA) (e.g.,
glucosamine, chondroitin) is largely debated in the scientific literature. Indeed, multiple formulations
of these agents are available, both as pharmaceutical-grade products and as nutritional supplements
, but while all preparations may claim to deliver a therapeutic effect, not all are supported
by clinical evidence. Moreover, few data are available regarding the cost-effectiveness of all these
formulations. Usually, access to individual patient data is required to perform economic evaluations
of treatments, but it can be challenging to obtain. We previously developed a model to simulate individual
health utility scores from aggregated data obtained from published OA trials.

Objective:
In the present study, using our new simulation model, we investigated the costeffectiveness
of different glucosamines used in Germany.

Methods:
We used our validated model to simulate the utility scores of 10 published trials that
used different glucosamine preparations. Using the simulated utility scores, the quality-adjusted life
years (QALYs) were calculated using the area-under-the-curve method. We used the 2018 public
costs of glucosamine products available in Germany to calculate the Incremental
Cost/Effectiveness Ratio (ICER). We performed analyses for pharmaceutical-grade Crystalline
Glucosamine Sulfate (pCGS) and other formulations of glucosamine (OFG). A cost-effectiveness
cut-off of 30,000 €/QALY was considered.

Results:
Of 10 studies in which utility was simulated, four used pCGS, and six used OFG. The
ICER analyses showed that pCGS was cost-effective compared to a placebo, with an ICER of 4489
€/QALY at month 3, 4112 €/QALY at month 6, and 9983 €/QALY at year 3. The use of OFG was
not cost-effective at any of the time points considered.

Conclusion:
Using our previously published model to simulate the individual health utility scores
of patients, we showed that, in the German context, the use of pCGS could be considered costeffective,
while the use of OFG could not. These results highlight the importance of the formulation
of glucosamine.
Forecasting Future Asthma Hospital Encounters of Patients With Asthma in an Academic Health Care System: Predictive Model Development and Secondary Analysis Study
Authors: Tong Yao , Messinger Amanda I , Wilcox Adam B , Mooney Sean D , Davidson Giana H , Suri Pradeep , Luo Gang 
Published: April 2021

Background
Asthma affects a large proportion of the population and leads to many hospital encounters involving both hospitalizations and emergency department visits every year. To lower the number of such encounters, many health care systems and health plans deploy predictive models to prospectively identify patients at high risk and offer them care management services for preventive care. However, the previous models do not have sufficient accuracy for serving this purpose well. Embracing the modeling strategy of examining many candidate features, we built a new machine learning model to forecast future asthma hospital encounters of patients with asthma at Intermountain Healthcare, a nonacademic health care system. This model is more accurate than the previously published models. However, it is unclear how well our modeling strategy generalizes to academic health care systems, whose patient composition differs from that of Intermountain Healthcare.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the generalizability of our modeling strategy to the University of Washington Medicine (UWM), an academic health care system.

Methods
All adult patients with asthma who visited UWM facilities between 2011 and 2018 served as the patient cohort. We considered 234 candidate features. Through a secondary analysis of 82,888 UWM data instances from 2011 to 2018, we built a machine learning model to forecast asthma hospital encounters of patients with asthma in the subsequent 12 months.

Results
Our UWM model yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.902. When placing the cutoff point for making binary classification at the top 10% (1464/14,644) of patients with asthma with the largest forecasted risk, our UWM model yielded an accuracy of 90.6% (13,268/14,644), a sensitivity of 70.2% (153/218), and a specificity of 90.91% (13,115/14,426).

Conclusions
Our modeling strategy showed excellent generalizability to the UWM, leading to a model with an AUC that is higher than all of the AUCs previously reported in the literature for forecasting asthma hospital encounters. After further optimization, our model could be used to facilitate the efficient and effective allocation of asthma care management resources to improve outcomes.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.2196/resprot.5039
Engagement With COVID-19 Public Health Measures in the United States: A Cross-sectional Social Media Analysis from June to November 2020
Authors: Massey Daisy , Huang Chenxi , Lu Yuan , Cohen Alina , Oren Yahel , Moed Tali , Matzner Pini , Mahajan Shiwani , Caraballo César , Kumar Navin , Xue Yuchen , Ding Qinglan , Dreyer Rachel , Roy Brita , Krumholz Harlan 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundCOVID-19 has continued to spread in the United States and globally. Closely monitoring public engagement and perceptions of COVID-19 and preventive measures using social media data could provide important information for understanding the progress of current interventions and planning future programs.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to measure the public’s behaviors and perceptions regarding COVID-19 and its effects on daily life during 5 months of the pandemic.MethodsNatural language processing (NLP) algorithms were used to identify COVID-19–related and unrelated topics in over 300 million online data sources from June 15 to November 15, 2020. Posts in the sample were geotagged by NetBase, a third-party data provider, and sensitivity and positive predictive value were both calculated to validate the classification of posts. Each post may have included discussion of multiple topics. The prevalence of discussion regarding these topics was measured over this time period and compared to daily case rates in the United States.ResultsThe final sample size included 9,065,733 posts, 70% of which were sourced from the United States. In October and November, discussion including mentions of COVID-19 and related health behaviors did not increase as it had from June to September, despite an increase in COVID-19 daily cases in the United States beginning in October. Additionally, discussion was more focused on daily life topics (n=6,210,255, 69%), compared with COVID-19 in general (n=3,390,139, 37%) and COVID-19 public health measures (n=1,836,200, 20%).ConclusionsThere was a decline in COVID-19–related social media discussion sourced mainly from the United States, even as COVID-19 cases in the United States increased to the highest rate since the beginning of the pandemic. Targeted public health messaging may be needed to ensure engagement in public health prevention measures as global vaccination efforts continue.
Matriz de contabilidad social: reflexiones para el análisis económico de México
Authors: Blancas Andrés , Aliphat Rodrigo 
Published: April 2021

El texto muestra la construcción y utilidad de una Matriz de Contabilidad Social (MCS) para México 2013; presenta la metodología para su elaboración, características y cualidades como herramienta contable para la evaluación de la política económica vinculada al estudio del crecimiento y desarrollo económico. La MCS incluye 21 sectores económicos, cuatro tipos deindustrias de bienes de importación y cuatro sectores institucionales subdivididos en hogaresde ingreso bajo, medio y alto; así como sociedades financieras y no financieras públicas y privadas, gobierno y resto del mundo.
Geographic Indeterminacy of the Russian Youth State and Civic Identity
Authors: Perednya D. G. 
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of the nature and characteristics of Russian national identity. The research focus is concentrated on the youth state and civic identity study. State and civic identity was defined through its spatial embodiment. The spatial identity of Russians is largely subject to cognitive processes, and is associated with knowing, or not knowing the names of the cities of the residence country and ideas about their territorial location in the geographical space. Students of Moscow universities acted as carriers of information on the problem. A survey technique was used. The author assumed that the representatives of Russian youth adequately perceive the geography of the country. In particular, it had to be expressed in a relatively correct idea of the location of large cities in Russia. The hypothesis was based on the knowledge that the citizens of Russia socialized in the socio-cultural conditions of Russian society, took on the formative influence of educational and upbringing institutions, and therefore have a formed Russian identity.It was found that socialization in the current socio-cultural conditions does not lead to the formation of an adequate state-civil identity of young people. Based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of empirical data, the article discusses the reasons that determine the current state of affairs. Considerations are expressed about the potential negative consequences of such a state of identity for the national security and territorial integrity of the Russian Federation.
Autismikirjon poikien intonaation käyttö kysymys- ja kerrontavuoroissa spontaanissa vuorovaikutuksessa
Authors: Wiklund Mari , Ihaksinen Kia , Vainio Martti 
Published: April 2021

Autismikirjon häiriö on aivojen neurobiologinen kehityshäiriö, jota luonnehtivat mm. sosiaalisen vuorovaikutuksen ongelmat, aistiyliherkkyydet sekä rajoittuneet kiinnostuksen kohteet (APA, 2013). Autismikirjon henkilöillä puheen prosodiaan liittyy usein epätyypillisiä piirteitä. Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan autismikirjon poikien puheen lausumanloppuista nousevaa intonaatiota ja sen käyttöä kysymys- ja kerrontavuoroissa spontaanissa vuorovaikutuksessa. Aihe on tärkeä, koska vaikka autismikirjoon liittyviä prosodisia piirteitä onkin jo tutkittu melko paljon, spontaania puheaineistoa, joka mahdollistaisi autismikirjon henkilöiden intonaation käytön havainnoimisen, ei ole aiemmin juurikaan tutkittu.
Tutkimuksen aineistona käytetään autenttisia ryhmäkuntoutuskeskusteluja, joissa 11–13-vuotiaat autismikirjon pojat (n = 7) keskustelevat kuntouttajiensa kanssa. Tutkimuksessa käytetään fonetiikan ja keskustelunanalyysin menetelmiä.
Tutkimuksen tulokset viittaavat siihen, että autismikirjon pojat osaavat käyttää nousevaa loppuintonaatiota vuorovaikutuskeinona sekä tuottaa että tulkita oikein päättyvyyttä ilmaisevia prosodisia piirteitä spontaanissa vuorovaikutuksessa. He osaavat myös käyttää prosodisia piirteitä korostuskeinoina, kutsua intonaation loppunousun avulla reaktioita muilta osallistujilta sekä ilmaista vastaanottajan huomioonottamista. Autismikirjon pojat vaikuttaisivat siis pystyvän käyttämään hyväkseen intonaatiota vuorovaikutuksellisena resurssina, vaikka vastavuoroinen vuorovaikutus on yleisesti ottaen autismikirjon henkilöille vaikeaa (APA, 2013).
International business & family business: Potential dialogue between disciplines
Authors: Casillas José C. , Moreno-Menéndez Ana M. 
Published: April 2021

25 years ago, Gallo and Sveen (1991) published the first paper about internationalization of family businesses. Since then, research in this area has steadily increased. In this article, I review the evolution of the literature that has combined international business and family firms (102 papers from 1991 to 2015), and I identify six promising areas for research through a dialogue between both disciplines: (1) mission and objectives of firms: the meaning of “performance”, (2) corporate government and international business, (3) attitude to risk and internationalization patterns, (4) timing, pace and speed of internationalization, (5) cross-cultural management, and (6) network perspective and social capital of firms.
La ausencia presente de Nietzsche en Ser y tiempo. Proximidad entre el concepto nietzscheano ‘interpretación’ y el heideggeriano ‘comprensión’
Authors: Torres Vizcaya Manuel 
Published: April 2021

Estableciendo como hilo conductor el concepto de interpretación (Auslegung) en Nietzsche y comprensión (Verstehen) en Heidegger, se pretende concluir que el concepto nietzscheano interpretación anticipa el heideggeriano comprensión. A una con ello se señala que la obra de 1927 repite y prolonga la crítica al logos iniciada por Nietzsche y que ello se manifiesta característica­mente en la vinculación entre ambos conceptos. Se convierte así en tarea urgente la reconstrucción de la ausencia de Nietzsche en Ser y tiempo.
Invariance property of a five matrix product involving two generalized inverses
Authors: Jiang Bo , Tian Yongge 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Matrix expressions composed by generalized inverses can generally be written as f(A
−
1, A
−
2, . . ., A
−

k
), where A
1, A
2, . . ., A

k
are a family of given matrices of appropriate sizes, and (·)− denotes a generalized inverse of matrix. Once such an expression is given, people are primarily interested in its uniqueness (invariance property) with respect to the choice of the generalized inverses. As such an example, this article describes a general method for deriving necessary and sufficient conditions for the matrix equality A
1
A
−
2
A
3
A
−
4
A
5 = A to always hold for all generalized inverses A
−
2 and A
−
4 of A
2 and A
4 through use of the block matrix representation method and the matrix rank method, and discusses some special cases of the equality for different choices of the five matrices.
Qualitative results in thermoelasticity of type III for dipolar bodies
Authors: Marin M. , Vlase S. , Öchsner A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In our study we formulated the mixed initial boundary value problem corresponding to the thermoelasticity of type III for bodies with dipolar structure. In main section we approached four qualitative results regarding the solutions for this problem. In two of these (in the first two theorems) we obtained two results of uniqueness, proved in different ways. Also, we proven two results which show that the solutions of the considered problem depend continuously with respect to the supply terms. We use different procedures in the two theorems on continuous dependence, but we essentially rely on the auxiliary results from Section 3 and Gronwall-type inequalities. It is important to emphasize that all results are obtained by imposing on the basic equations and basic conditions, average constraints that are common in the mechanics of continuous solids.
How to Impress the Public: Farinelli's Venetian Debut in 1728–1729
Authors: Over Berthold 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Farinelli came to Venice only when his career was already well advanced. In 1728/29 he performed there in two operas, Catone in Utica by Leonardo Leo and Semiramide riconosciuta by Nicola Porpora. These operas needed to become a financial success because of the high remuneration the star singer earned. The composition and adaptation of the operas to the stage uncover the strategies by the impresarios of the Teatro San Giovanni Grisostomo, the Grimani brothers, and by Farinelli himself to secure income and renown. Catone in Utica underwent a highly unusual procedure at its very premiere because the opera was “impasticciata”, i.e. merged with pre-existing or newly-composed music by other composers. The substitutions reveal Farinelli's aim to stun the audience in his very first aria on stage. His brother's (Riccardo Broschi's) “Mi lusinga il cor d’affetto” Farinelli had sang earlier in 1728 presents his entire vocal profile in a single aria. In subsequent arias, Farinelli adds some features not present in this aria or concretizes several aspects of it. In the second opera, Porpora's Semiramide riconosciuta, Farinelli concentrates on another feature of his vocal style: small, fast, quasi-improvisational motives. Although they are also found in operas by other composers and were also sung by other singers, Semiramide riconosciuta is a special case because of their high frequency in Farinelli's role. All in all, the two operas of his first appearance in Venice seem to follow the intention to present his entire vocal spectrum to the audience.
Investigating Binding Mechanisms of Small Molecules to Quadruplex DNA
Authors: Rangaswamy Alana 
Published: April 2021

Guanine quadruplexes (G4) are dynamic structures found naturally in guanine-rich DNA. When folded, they have been found to block the expression of genes related to diseases including cancer1 and are therefore of significant interest in the field of biomedical research. Our research group has developed a family of chemical binders which strongly stabilize folded G4. This project focuses on quantifying the interaction of these binders with various quadruplexes, through their binding constant (a measure of relative preference for the bound vs unbound state). This constants can be determined through the use of a Fluorescence Intercalation Displacement (FID) biophysical assay,2 a method which measures the competitive binding of the binder molecule and a fluorescent probe to the quadruplex (see figure 1). As a preliminary step, we perform direct titrations of the fluorescent probe, Thiazole Orange (TO), with quadruplex DNA, to determine its binding constant and TO:DNA stoichiometry. TO fluoresces only when bound to a substrate,3 allowing us to track the formation of the TO*DNA complex through an increase in fluorescence. In the FID titration, however, the binder displaces the fluorescent probe, and a decrease in fluorescence intensity is observed. We also discuss mathematical methods used to fit the experimental data in order to determine binding constants for both the fluorescent probe and our binders. A robust model should give evidence in support of the expected binding phenomena.
References
1. Hurley, L. et. al. The Febs Journal, 2010, 277, 3459-3469 2. Monchaud, D. et. al. Biochimie, 2008, 90: 1209-1223 3. Yaron, D. et. al. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 2008, 112, 9692-9701
7. Shape and Motion Integration in People Perception Depends on the Action of the Performer
Authors: Honda Claire 
Published: April 2021

Perception of human action depends on both the body shape and motion of a performer. We can indirectly perceive the properties of an object being acted upon even when visual information is limited and the object itself is not visible; we accomplish this using internal models of a body’s dynamics and an action’s kinematics (Runeson & Frykholm, 1981). We are also sensitive to correlations between a performer’s shape and motion, known as internal consistency (Runeson & Frykholm, 1983). To investigate how decorrelating shape and motion affects indirect object perception, we ran an experiment where participants watched realistic avatars of performers manipulating invisible objects. Unbeknownst to participants, half of the stimuli were internally inconsistent: the shape of one performer was combined with the motion of a performer with a dissimilar body shape. Participants saw sled pushes, beanbag throws, and box lifts, and estimated the sled weight, throw distance, or box weight. For sled pushes, there was a shape-motion interaction such that heavy bodies were perceived as pushing heavier weights when animated with motion from light performers, and light bodies were perceived as pushing lighter weights when animated with motion from heavy performers. In contrast, participants estimated beanbag throw distance primarily from performer motion. Interpretation of the box lift data is more complex. In conclusion, the way in which our visual system combines shape and motion information depends on the role of body shape and centre of mass on the outcome of an action.
12. Studying the effect of Heartfulness Meditation on Brain Activity
Authors: Gupta Pallavi , Kumar Anirudh , Mundluru Jahnavi , Patel Arth , Pathmakanthan Shankar , Subhan Abdul 
Published: April 2021

Long-term meditation practice is increasingly recognized for its health benefits. Heartfulness meditation represents a quickly growing set of practices that is largely unstudied. Heartfulness is unique in that it is a meditation practice that focuses on the Heart. It helps individuals to connect to themselves and find inner peace. In order to deepen ones’ meditation, the element of Yogic Energy (‘pranahuti’) is used as an aid during meditation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether consistent EEG effects of Heartfulness meditation be observed in sixty experienced Heartfulness meditators, each of whom attended 6 testing sessions. In each session, participants performed three conditions: a set of cognitive tasks, Heartfulness guided relaxation, and Heartfulness Meditation. Participants during the cognitive portion were required to answer questions that tested their logical thinking (Cognitive Reflective Test) and creative thinking skills. (Random Associative Test) The order of condition was randomly counter balanced across six sessions. It was hypothesized that Heartfulness meditation would bring increased alpha (8-12Hz) brain activity during meditation and better cognitive task scores in sessions where the tasks followed meditation. Heartfulness meditation produces a significant decrease in brain activity (as indexed by higher levels of alpha during the early stages of meditation. As the meditation progressed deep meditative state (as indexed by higher levels of delta) were observed until the end of the condition. This lead to the conclusion that Heartfulness Meditation produces a state that is clearly distinguishable from effortful problem solving.
Comparison between fine-needle aspiration cytology and histopathology in leprosy: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Dominic Swapna , Asokan N. , Nandakumar G. , George Biju 
Published: April 2021

Objectives:
The objectives of the study were (1) to study the fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) features of skin lesions of leprosy, (2) to determine the agreement between FNAC and histopathology to classify leprosy into different groups of the spectrum, and (3) to determine the sensitivity and specificity of FNAC to classify leprosy into different groups of the spectrum against the gold standard of histopathology.

Materials and Methods:
All newly diagnosed cases of leprosy who attended the outpatient department of dermatology and venereology of a tertiary referral center during the 16 months study period were included in this cross-sectional study. Based on FNAC and histopathology, patients were classified into different groups of the spectrum. Agreement between FNAC and histopathology to classify leprosy was determined by Kappa statistics. Sensitivity and specificity of FNAC to classify leprosy were determined against the gold standard of histopathology.

Results:
All the 47 study participants had histopathology features of leprosy. FNAC could obtain adequate aspirate in 30 patients (63.8%), who were considered for further analysis. There was moderate agreement (76.6%) between classification of leprosy by FNAC and histopathology on Kappa statistics (Kappa value 0.766). FNAC showed 80–100% sensitivity and 84–100% specificity to classify leprosy against the gold standard of histopathology.

Limitation:
Small sample size.

Conclusion:
When adequate aspirate is obtained, FNAC could serve as a useful tool in classification of leprosy.