bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and preventive strategies for unintentionally retained surgical sharps: a systematic review
Authors: Weprin Samuel , Crocerossa Fabio , Meyer Dielle , Maddra Kaitlyn , Valancy David , Osardu Reginald , Kang Hae Sung , Moore Robert H. , Carbonara Umberto , J. Kim Fernando , Autorino Riccardo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
A retained surgical item (RSI) is defined as a never-event and can have drastic consequences on patient, provider, and hospital. However, despite increased efforts, RSI events remain the number one sentinel event each year. Hard foreign bodies (e.g. surgical sharps) have experienced a relative increase in total RSI events over the past decade. Despite this, there is a lack of literature directed towards this category of RSI event. Here we provide a systematic review that focuses on hard RSIs and their unique challenges, impact, and strategies for prevention and management.

Methods
Multiple systematic reviews on hard RSI events were performed and reported using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and AMSTAR (Assessing the methodological quality of systematic reviews) guidelines. Database searches were limited to the last 10 years and included surgical “sharps,” a term encompassing needles, blades, instruments, wires, and fragments. Separate systematic review was performed for each subset of “sharps”. Reviewers applied reciprocal synthesis and refutational synthesis to summarize the evidence and create a qualitative overview.

Results
Increased vigilance and improved counting are not enough to eliminate hard RSI events. The accurate reporting of all RSI events and near miss events is a critical step in determining ways to prevent RSI events. The implementation of new technologies, such as barcode or RFID labelling, has been shown to improve patient safety, patient outcomes, and to reduce costs associated with retained soft items, while magnetic retrieval devices, sharp detectors and computer-assisted detection systems appear to be promising tools for increasing the success of metallic RSI recovery.

Conclusion
The entire healthcare system is negatively impacted by a RSI event. A proactive multimodal approach that focuses on improving team communication and institutional support system, standardizing reports and implementing new technologies is the most effective way to improve the management and prevention of RSI events.
EIF4A3-induced circ_0084615 contributes to the progression of colorectal cancer via miR-599/ONECUT2 pathway
Authors: Jiang Zhipeng , Tai Qinwen , Xie Xiaojun , Hou Zehui , Liu Wei , Yu Zhuomin , Liang Zhiqiang , Chen Shuang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to take part in the progression of CRC. However, the functions of circ_0084615 in CRC development are still undefined. In this study, we aimed to explore the functions and underlying mechanisms of circ_0084615 in CRC.

Methods
qRT-PCR, western blot assay and IHC assay were utilized for the levels of circ_0084615, miR-599, ONECUT2 or EIF4A3. 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay and colony formation assay were conducted for cell proliferation ability. Wound-healing assay and transwell assay were applied to evaluate cell migration and invasion. Tube formation assay was used to analyze angiogenesis ability. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay, RNA pull down assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to analyze the relationships of circ_0084615, miR-599, ONECUT2 and EIF4A3. Murine xenograft model assay was employed for the role of circ_0084615 in vivo.

Results
Circ_0084615 was elevated in CRC tissues and was linked to TNM stages, lymph node metastasis, differentiation and overall survival rate. Circ_0084615 knockdown inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis in vitro and hampered tumorigenesis in vivo. Circ_0084615 sponged miR-599 and miR-599 inhibition reversed circ_0084615 knockdown-mediated effects on CRC cell growth, motility and angiogenesis. ONECUT2 was identified as the target gene of miR-599. ONECUT2 overexpression recovered the effects of miR-599 on CRC malignant behaviors. Additionally, EIF4A3 induced circ_0084615 expression.

Conclusions
EIF4A3-induced circ_0084615 played an oncogenic role in CRC development via miR-599/ONECUT2 axis.
Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and potential intervention approaches
Authors: Khateeb Jasmin , Li Yuchong , Zhang Haibo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe major variant of concerns (VOCs) have shared mutations in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike proteins, mostly on the S1 unit and resulted in higher transmissibility rate and affect viral virulence and clinical outcome. The spike protein mutations and other non-structural protein mutations in the VOCs may lead to escape approved vaccinations in certain extend. We will discuss these VOC mutations and discuss the need for combination therapeutic strategies targeting viral cycle and immune host responses.
GRIDSS2: comprehensive characterisation of somatic structural variation using single breakend variants and structural variant phasing
Authors: Cameron Daniel L. , Baber Jonathan , Shale Charles , Valle-Inclan Jose Espejo , Besselink Nicolle , van Hoeck Arne , Janssen Roel , Cuppen Edwin , Priestley Peter , Papenfuss Anthony T. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGRIDSS2 is the first structural variant caller to explicitly report single breakends—breakpoints in which only one side can be unambiguously determined. By treating single breakends as a fundamental genomic rearrangement signal on par with breakpoints, GRIDSS2 can explain 47% of somatic centromere copy number changes using single breakends to non-centromere sequence. On a cohort of 3782 deeply sequenced metastatic cancers, GRIDSS2 achieves an unprecedented 3.1% false negative rate and 3.3% false discovery rate and identifies a novel 32–100 bp duplication signature. GRIDSS2 simplifies complex rearrangement interpretation through phasing of structural variants with 16% of somatic calls phasable using paired-end sequencing.
Telomere-to-telomere assembly of a fish Y chromosome reveals the origin of a young sex chromosome pair
Authors: Xue Lingzhan , Gao Yu , Wu Meiying , Tian Tian , Fan Haiping , Huang Yongji , Huang Zhen , Li Dapeng , Xu Luohao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The origin of sex chromosomes requires the establishment of recombination suppression between the proto-sex chromosomes. In many fish species, the sex chromosome pair is homomorphic with a recent origin, providing species for studying how and why recombination suppression evolved in the initial stages of sex chromosome differentiation, but this requires accurate sequence assembly of the X and Y (or Z and W) chromosomes, which may be difficult if they are recently diverged.

Results
Here we produce a haplotype-resolved genome assembly of zig-zag eel (Mastacembelus armatus), an aquaculture fish, at the chromosomal scale. The diploid assembly is nearly gap-free, and in most chromosomes, we resolve the centromeric and subtelomeric heterochromatic sequences. In particular, the Y chromosome, including its highly repetitive short arm, has zero gaps. Using resequencing data, we identify a ~7 Mb fully sex-linked region (SLR), spanning the sex chromosome centromere and almost entirely embedded in the pericentromeric heterochromatin. The SLRs on the X and Y chromosomes are almost identical in sequence and gene content, but both are repetitive and heterochromatic, consistent with zero or low recombination. We further identify an HMG-domain containing gene HMGN6 in the SLR as a candidate sex-determining gene that is expressed at the onset of testis development.

Conclusions
Our study supports the idea that preexisting regions of low recombination, such as pericentromeric regions, can give rise to SLR in the absence of structural variations between the proto-sex chromosomes.
Laparoscopic management of isolated metachronous adrenal metastases in a patient with esophageal cancer: a case report
Authors: Jindal Tarun , Sarwal Ankush , Pawar Pravin , Dhanalakshmi M. , Subedi Neeraj 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The presence of isolated metachronous adrenal metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer is rare. There is significant controversy regarding the management of such patients. Adrenal metastasectomy has been shown to be of benefit in some reports. Minimally invasive approach, although the gold standard for adrenalectomy, has not been used commonly in a postesophagectomy setting owing to the anticipated technical difficulties. We describe one such case wherein this approach helped in early recovery and long-term survival.

Case presentation
A 59-year-old male of Asian ethnicity presented with an isolated left adrenal nodule, 3 years after an Ivor Lewis esophagectomy for a lower esophageal adenocarcinoma. The biopsy of the nodule was suggestive of metastatic adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent laparoscopic excision of the left adrenal gland.

Conclusion
Adrenal metastasectomy, in postesophagectomy patients can provide good oncological control. Laparoscopic approach, though technically challenging, can provide results equivalent to those of open surgery, albeit with less morbidity.
Massive uterine fibroid: a diagnostic dilemma: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Viva Wiesener , Juhi Dhanawat , Kristin Andresen , Micaela Mathiak , Marcus Both , Ibrahim Alkatout , Dirk Bauerschlag 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Fibroids of the uterus are the most common benign pelvic tumors in women worldwide. Their diagnosis is usually not missed because of the widespread and well-established use of ultrasound in gynecological clinics. Hence, the development of an unusually large myoma is a rare event, particularly in first-world countries such as Germany. It is even more uncommon that a myoma is misdiagnosed as a dietary failure.

Case presentation
Herein, we report the case of a Caucasian woman with a giant fibroid that reached a size of over 50 cm, growing slowly over the past 15 years, and was misdiagnosed as abdominal fat due to weight gain. We aim to discuss the factors that lead to the growth of such a huge tumoral mass, including misdiagnosis and treatment, and the psychological impact. Through this case, we intend to increase the awareness among general physicians and gynecologists. Although menstrual disorders incorporate several pathologies, adequate assessment remains the primary responsibility of health care providers. A literature review revealed approximately 60 cases of giant uterine fibroids.

Conclusion
The use of clinical and diagnostic devices, especially ultrasound, in this case, is indispensable. In conclusion, the growth of a giant fibroid can have disastrous effects on a woman’s health, including surgical trauma and psychological issues.
Rapid diagnostics for Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi (syn. Gnomoniopsis castaneae) in chestnut nuts: new challenges by using LAMP and real-time PCR methods
Authors: Vettraino Anna Maria , Luchi Nicola , Rizzo Domenico , Pepori Alessia Lucia , Pecori Francesco , Santini Alberto 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNuts of the sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa) are a widely appreciated traditional food in Europe. In recent years producers and consumers reported a drop of nut quality due to the presence of rot diseases caused by Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi. Early detection of this pathogen is fundamental to the economic viability of the chestnut industry. In the present study, we developed three molecular methods based on real-time portable LAMP, visual LAMP and qPCR assays for G. smithogilvyi. The molecular assays were specific for G. smithogilvyi and did not amplify the other 11 Gnomoniopsis species and 11 other fungal species commonly associated with chestnuts. The detection limit of both the qPCR and real-time portable LAMP (P-LAMP) assays was 0.128 pg/µL, while the visual LAMP (V-LAMP) assay enabled the detection up to 0.64 pg/µL. By using these newly developed molecular tools, the pathogen was detected in symptomatic and asymptomatic nuts, but not in leaves. The reliability of these molecular methods, including the P-LAMP assay, was particularly useful in detecting G. smithogilvyi of harvested nuts in field, even in the absence of rot symptoms.
J-ministernotomy for aortic valve replacement: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Torky Mohammad A. , Arafat Amr A. , Fawzy Hosam F. , Taha Abdelhady M. , Wahby Ehab A. , Herijgers Paul 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The advantage of minimally invasive sternotomy (MS) over full sternotomy (FS) for isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR) is still controversial. We aimed to examine if J-shaped MS is a safe alternative to FS in patients undergoing primary isolated AVR. This study is a retrospective and restricted cohort study that included 137 patients who had primary isolated AVR from February 2013 to June 2015. Patients with previous cardiac operations, low ejection fraction (< 40%), infective endocarditis, EuroSCORE II predicted mortality > 10%, and patients who had inverted T or inverted C-MS or right anterior thoracotomy were excluded. Patients were grouped into the FS group (n=65) and MS group (n=72). Preoperative variables were comparable in both groups. The outcome was studied, balancing the groups by propensity score matching.

Results
Seven (9%) patients in the MS group were converted to FS. Cardiopulmonary bypass (98.5 ± 29.3 vs. 82.1 ± 13.95 min; p ≤ 0.001) and ischemic times (69.1 ± 23.8 vs. 59.6 ± 12.2 min; p = 0.001) were longer in MS. The MS group had a shorter duration of mechanical ventilation (10.1 ± 11.58 vs. 10.9 ± 6.43 h; p = 0.045), ICU stay (42.74 ± 40.5 vs. 44.9 ± 39.3; p = 0.01), less chest tube drainage (385.3 ± 248.6 vs. 635.9 ± 409.6 ml; p = 0.001), and lower narcotics use (25.14 ± 17.84 vs. 48.23 ± 125.68 mg; p < 0.001). No difference was found in postoperative heart block with permanent pacemaker insertion or atrial fibrillation between groups (p = 0.16 and 0.226, respectively). Stroke, renal failure, and mortality did not differ between the groups. Reintervention-free survival at 1, 3, and 4 years was not significantly different in both groups (p = 0.73).

Conclusion
J-ministernotomy could be a safe alternative to FS in isolated primary AVR. Besides the cosmetic advantage, it could have better clinical outcomes without added risk.
Hallucinations in the general population across the adult lifespan: prevalence and psychopathologic significance
Authors: Yates Kathryn , Lång Ulla , Peters Evyn M. , Wigman Johanna T. W. , McNicholas Fiona , Cannon Mary , DeVylder Jordan , Ramsay Hugh , Oh Hans , Kelleher Ian 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundCommunity studies have found a relatively high prevalence of hallucinations, which are associated with a range of (psychotic and non-psychotic) mental disorders, as well as with suicidal ideation and behaviour. The literature on hallucinations in the general population has largely focused on adolescents and young adults.AimsWe aimed to explore the prevalence and psychopathologic significance of hallucinations across the adult lifespan.MethodUsing the 1993, 2000, 2007 and 2014 cross-sectional Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey series (N = 33 637), we calculated the prevalence of past-year hallucinations in the general population ages 16 to ≥90 years. We used logistic regression to examine the relationship between hallucinations and a range of mental disorders, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.ResultsThe prevalence of past-year hallucinations varied across the adult lifespan, from a high of 7% in individuals aged 16–19 years, to a low of 3% in individuals aged ≥70 years. In all age groups, hallucinations were associated with increased risk for mental disorders, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, but there was also evidence of significant age-related variation. In particular, hallucinations in older adults were less likely to be associated with a cooccurring mental disorder, suicidal ideation or suicide attempt compared with early adulthood and middle age.ConclusionsOur findings highlight important life-course developmental features of hallucinations from early adulthood to old age.
SAKK 16/14: Durvalumab in Addition to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Stage IIIA(N2) Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer—A Multicenter Single-Arm Phase II Trial
Authors: Rothschild Sacha I. , Zippelius Alfred , Eboulet Eric I. , Savic Prince Spasenija , Betticher Daniel , Bettini Adrienne , Früh Martin , Joerger Markus , Lardinois Didier , Gelpke Hans , Mauti Laetitia A. , Britschgi Christian , Weder Walter , Peters Solange , Mark Michael , Cathomas Richard , Ochsenbein Adrian F. , Janthur Wolf-Dieter , Waibel Christine , Mach Nicolas , Froesch Patrizia , Buess Martin , Bohanes Pierre , Godar Gilles , Rusterholz Corinne , Gonzalez Michel , Pless Miklos ,   for the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK)
Published: July 2021

PURPOSE For patients with resectable stage IIIA(N2) non–small-cell lung cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin and docetaxel followed by surgery resulted in a 1-year event-free survival (EFS) rate of 48% in the SAKK 16/00 trial and is an accepted standard of care. We investigated the additional benefit of perioperative treatment with durvalumab. METHODS Neoadjuvant treatment consisted of three cycles of cisplatin 100 mg/m2 and docetaxel 85 mg/m2 once every 3 weeks followed by two doses of durvalumab 750 mg once every 2 weeks. Durvalumab was continued for 1 year after surgery. The primary end point was 1-year EFS. The hypothesis for statistical considerations was an improvement of 1-year EFS from 48% to 65%. RESULTS Sixty-eight patients were enrolled, 67 were included in the full analysis set. Radiographic response rate was 43% (95% CI, 31 to 56) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 58% (95% CI, 45 to 71) after sequential neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Fifty-five patients were resected, of which 34 (62%) achieved a major pathologic response (MPR; ≤ 10% viable tumor cells) and 10 (18%) among them a complete pathologic response. Postoperative nodal downstaging (ypN0-1) was observed in 37 patients (67%). Fifty-one (93%) resected patients had an R0 resection. There was no significant effect of pretreatment PD-L1 expression on MPR or nodal downstaging. The 1-year EFS rate was 73% (two-sided 90% CI, 63 to 82). Median EFS and overall survival were not reached after 28.6 months of median follow-up. Fifty-nine (88%) patients had an adverse event grade ≥ 3 including two fatal adverse events that were judged not to be treatment-related. CONCLUSION The addition of perioperative durvalumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage IIIA(N2) non–small-cell lung cancer is safe and exceeds historical data of chemotherapy alone with a high MPR and an encouraging 1-year EFS rate of 73%.
Effect of Intraoperative Arterial Hypotension on the Risk of Perioperative Stroke After Noncardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Wongtangman Karuna , Wachtendorf Luca J. , Blank Michael , Grabitz Stephanie D. , Linhardt Felix C. , Azimaraghi Omid , Raub Dana , Pham Stephanie , Kendale Samir M. , Low Ying H. , Houle Timothy T. , Eikermann Matthias , Pollard Richard J. 
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND:
Intraoperative cerebral blood flow is mainly determined by cerebral perfusion pressure and cerebral autoregulation of vasomotor tone. About 1% of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery develop ischemic stroke. We hypothesized that intraoperative hypotension within a range frequently observed in clinical practice is associated with an increased risk of perioperative ischemic stroke within 7 days after surgery.

METHODS:
Adult noncardiac surgical patients undergoing general anesthesia at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts General Hospital between 2005 and 2017 were included in this retrospective cohort study. The primary exposure was intraoperative hypotension, defined as a decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) below 55 mm Hg, categorized into no intraoperative hypotension, short (<15 minutes, median [interquartile range {IQR}], 2 minutes [1–5 minutes]) and prolonged (≥15 minutes, median [IQR], 21 minutes [17–31 minutes]) durations. The primary outcome was a new diagnosis of early perioperative ischemic stroke within 7 days after surgery. In secondary analyses, we assessed the effect of a MAP decrease by >30% from baseline on perioperative stroke. Analyses were adjusted for the preoperative STRoke After Surgery (STRAS) prediction score, work relative value units, and duration of surgery.

RESULTS:
Among 358,391 included patients, a total of 1553 (0.4%) experienced an early perioperative ischemic stroke. About 42% and 3% of patients had a MAP of below 55 mm Hg for a short and a prolonged duration, and 49% and 29% had a MAP decrease by >30% from baseline for a short and a prolonged duration, respectively. In an adjusted analysis, neither a MAP <55 mm Hg (short duration: adjusted odds ratio [ORadj], 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85–1.07; P = .417 and prolonged duration: ORadj, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.91–1.55; P = .220) nor a MAP decrease >30% (short duration: ORadj, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.67–1.42; P = .883 and prolonged duration: ORadj, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.89–1.90; P = .176) was associated with early perioperative stroke. A high a priori stroke risk quantified based on preoperatively available risk factors (STRAS prediction score) was associated with longer intraoperative hypotension (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.04–1.05; P < .001 per 5 points of the STRAS prediction score).

CONCLUSIONS:
This study found no evidence to conclude that intraoperative hypotension within the range studied was associated with early perioperative stroke within 7 days after surgery. These findings emphasize the importance of perioperative cerebral blood flow autoregulation to prevent ischemic stroke.
The Wisconsin Oneida and the WPA: Stories of Corn, Colonialism, and Revitalization
Authors: Webster Rebecca M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractColonization efforts over time have changed Oneida relationships with corn drastically. This study examines that history through a collection of stories told by Oneida people for the Work Progress Administration (WPA) between 1938 and 1942. Furthermore, the people’s changing relationship with corn over time highlights the effects of removal, allotment, and assimilation on the Oneida within the American context. Finally, while change occurred, the WPA interviews uncover continuity in Oneida Country as members struggled to maintain their relationship with corn and other traditional foodways in the wake of colonialism.