bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid detection and structural characterization of methysticin metabolites generated from rat and human liver microsomes and hepatocytes using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Tuerxuntayi Adila , Tusun Abudourusuli , Tajiguli Abulikemu 
Published: October 2021

RationaleMethysticin is a naturally occurring ingredient isolated from Piper methysticum Forst. The metabolic profile of methysticin is unknown. The goal of this study was to elucidate the metabolism of methysticin using rat and human liver microsomes and hepatocytes.MethodsThe incubation samples were analyzed using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole/orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐HRMS). The structures of the metabolites were characterized based on the elemental composition, exact mass, and product ions.ResultsA total of 10 metabolites were detected and identified. Among these metabolites, M4 (ring opening of 1,3‐benzodioxole) was the predominant metabolite in rat and human liver microsomes. M4 and its glucuronide conjugate (M2) were the major metabolites in rat and human hepatocytes. The metabolic pathways of methysticin are summarized as follows: (a) oxidative ring opening of 1,3‐benzodioxole forms the catechol derivative (M4), which subsequently undergoes glucuronidation (M1 and M2), methylation (M8), and sulfation (M7). (b) Demethylation to yield desmethyl methysticin (M6), followed by glucuronidation (M3 and M5). (c) Hydroxylation (M9 and M10).ConclusionsFor the first time, this study provides new information on the in vitro metabolic profiles of methysticin, which facilitates an understanding of the disposition of this bioactive ingredient.
Regrouped design in privacy analysis for multinomial microdata
Authors: Wan Shu‐Mei , Chung Wen‐Yaw , Mayeni Manurung Monica , Chang Kwang‐Hwa , Wu Chien‐Hua 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we are dealing with the dual goals for protecting privacy and making statistical inferences from the disseminated data using the regrouped design. It is not difficult to protect the privacy of patients by perturbing data. The problem is to perturb the data in such a way that privacy is protected, and also, the released data are useful for research. By applying the regrouped design, the dataset is released with the dummy groups associated with the actual groups via a pre‐specified transition probability matrix. Small stagnation probabilities of regrouped design are recommended to reach a small disclosure risk and a higher power of hypothesis testing. The power of test statistic in the released data increases as the stagnation probabilities depart from 0.5. The disclosure risk can be reduced further if more quasi‐identifiers are relocated. An example of National Health Insurance Research Database is given to illustrate the use of the regrouped design to protect the privacy and make the statistical inference.
Facilitating marginalized youths' identification with STEM through everyday science talk: The critical role of parental caregivers
Authors: Cian Heidi , Dou Remy , Castro Sheila , Palma‐D'souza Elizabeth , Martinez Alexandra 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAn individual's sense of themselves as a “STEM person” is largely formed through recognition feedback. Unfortunately, for many minoritized individuals who engage in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) in formal and informal spaces, this recognition often adheres to long‐standing exclusionary expectations of what STEM participation entails and institutionalized stereotypes of what it means to be a STEM person. However, caregivers, who necessarily share cultural backgrounds, norms, and values with their children, can play an important role in recognizing their children's interest and inclination towards STEM in ways that support children's authoring of their STEM identity in the face of these marginalizing discourses. To explore this idea, we conducted phenomenological interviews with STEM students attending a Hispanic‐serving university, examining the nature of STEM‐related conversations these students had with their parents during childhood. Participant recollections provide evidence of conversational content, contexts, and structures that supported their identification with STEM even when faced with marginalizing experiences. We found that though this phenomenon was recounted across parent profiles, participant narratives also reflected differences in conversation content, context, and structure based on factors associated with STEM stereotypes, including gender, formal education or training in STEM, and parents' immigration experiences. Viewed within larger sociocultural discourses of whose knowledge “counts” in STEM, our work suggests the need for educational institutions to acknowledge and embrace families' ability to foster youths' affinity with STEM contexts, while also recognizing and responding to institutionalized impediments to authentic STEM participation.
Ways of Reading: Cultural Revolution Reading Acts
Authors: Henningsen Lena 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis chapter and the next situate manuscript fiction within the wider Cultural Revolution reading cosmos. To this end, this chapter investigates which texts were particularly popular among the educated youth. Autobiographical documents about texts read during the era are analyzed for which texts impacted how on their readers at the time. For this purpose, more than 1000 reading acts, i.e., interactions with texts recorded in almost 100 autobiographical accounts, were sampled in the ReadAct database. A combination of distant and close reading of these sources brings to light which genres, authors and concrete texts were read most widely at the time—and considered memorable in hindsight by the former educated youth. The chapter ends with elaborations on the blind spots in the sample.
The charm of 331
Authors: Buras Andrzej J. , Colangelo Pietro , De Fazio Fulvia , Loparco Francesco 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We perform a detailed analysis of flavour changing neutral current processes in the charm sector in the context of 331 models. As pointed out recently, in the case of Z′ contributions in these models there are no new free parameters beyond those already present in the Bd,s and K meson systems analyzed in the past. As a result, definite ranges for new Physics (NP) effects in various charm observables could be obtained. While generally NP effects turn out to be small, in a number of observables they are much larger than the tiny effects predicted within the Standard Model. In particular we find that the branching ratio of the mode D0→ μ+μ−, despite remaining tiny, can be enhanced by 6 orders of magnitude with respect to the SM. We work out correlations between this mode and rare Bd,s and K decays. We also discuss neutral charm meson oscillations and CP violation in the charm system. In particular, we point out that 331 models provide new weak phases that are a necessary condition to have non-vanishing CP asymmetries. In the case of ∆ACP, the difference between the CP asymmetries in D0→ K+K− and D0→ π+π−, we find that agreement with experiment can be obtained provided that two conditions are verified: the phases in the ranges predicted in 331 models and large hadronic matrix elements.
Axiogenesis from SU(2)R phase transition
Authors: Harigaya Keisuke , Wang Ruoquan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The baryon asymmetry of the universe may be explained by rotations of the QCD axion in field space and baryon number violating processes. We consider the minimal extension of the Standard Model by a non-Abelian gauge interaction, SU(2)R, whose sphaleron process violates baryon number. Assuming that axion dark matter is also created from the axion rotation by the kinetic misalignment mechanism, the mass scale of the SU(2)R gauge boson is fixed as a function of the QCD axion decay constant, and vise versa. Significant portion of the parameter space has already been excluded by new gauge boson searches, and the high-luminocity LHC will further probe the viable parameter space.
Interactions of two and three mesons including higher partial waves from lattice QCD
Authors: Blanton Tyler D. , Hanlon Andrew D. , Hörz Ben , Morningstar Colin , Romero-López Fernando , Sharpe Stephen R. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We study two- and three-meson systems composed either of pions or kaons at maximal isospin using Monte Carlo simulations of lattice QCD. Utilizing the stochastic LapH method, we are able to determine hundreds of two- and three-particle energy levels, in nine different momentum frames, with high precision. We fit these levels using the relativistic finite-volume formalism based on a generic effective field theory in order to determine the parameters of the two- and three-particle K-matrices. We find that the statistical precision of our spectra is sufficient to probe not only the dominant s-wave interactions, but also those in d waves. In particular, we determine for the first time a term in the three-particle K-matrix that contains two-particle d waves. We use three Nf = 2 + 1 CLS ensembles with pion masses of 200, 280, and 340 MeV. This allows us to study the chiral dependence of the scattering observables, and compare to the expectations of chiral perturbation theory.
Exact four-point function and OPE for an interacting quantum field theory with space/time anisotropic scale invariance
Authors: Shimada Hidehiko , Shimada Hirohiko 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We identify a nontrivial yet tractable quantum field theory model with space/time anisotropic scale invariance, for which one can exactly compute certain four-point correlation functions and their decompositions via the operator-product expansion(OPE). The model is the Calogero model, non-relativistic particles interacting with a pair potential $$ \frac{g}{{\left|x-y\right|}^2} $$

g

x
−
y

2

in one dimension, considered as a quantum field theory in one space and one time dimension via the second quantisation. This model has the anisotropic scale symmetry with the anisotropy exponent z = 2. The symmetry is also enhanced to the Schrödinger symmetry. The model has one coupling constant g and thus provides an example of a fixed line in the renormalisation group flow of anisotropic theories.We exactly compute a nontrivial four-point function of the fundamental fields of the theory. We decompose the four-point function via OPE in two different ways, thereby explicitly verifying the associativity of OPE for the first time for an interacting quantum field theory with anisotropic scale invariance. From the decompositions, one can read off the OPE coefficients and the scaling dimensions of the operators appearing in the intermediate channels. One of the decompositions is given by a convergent series, and only one primary operator and its descendants appear in the OPE. The scaling dimension of the primary operator we computed depends on the coupling constant. The dimension correctly reproduces the value expected from the well-known spectrum of the Calogero model combined with the so-called state-operator map which is valid for theories with the Schrödinger symmetry. The other decomposition is given by an asymptotic series. The asymptotic series comes with exponentially small correction terms, which also have a natural interpretation in terms of OPE.
ModMax meets Susy
Authors: Bandos Igor , Lechner Kurt , Sorokin Dmitri , Townsend Paul K. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We give a prescription for $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 supersymmetrization of any (four-dimensional) nonlinear electrodynamics theory with a Lagrangian density satisfying a convexity condition that we relate to semi-classical unitarity. We apply it to the one-parameter ModMax extension of Maxwell electrodynamics that preserves both electromagnetic duality and conformal invariance, and its Born-Infeld-like generalization, proving that duality invariance is preserved. We also establish superconformal invariance of the superModMax theory by showing that its coupling to supergravity is super-Weyl invariant. The higher-derivative photino-field interactions that appear in any supersymmetric nonlinear electrodynamics theory are removed by an invertible nonlinear superfield redefinition.
Large D black holes in an environment
Authors: Mandal Taniya , Saha Arunabha 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We construct dynamical black hole solutions to Einstein Equations in presence of matter in the large D limit. The matter stress tensors that we consider are weak in the sense that they source asymptotic spacetimes with internal curvatures of the order of $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(D0). Apart from this, we work with a generic stress tensor demanding only that the stress tensor satisfies the conservation equations. The black hole solutions are obtained in terms of the dual non-gravitational picture of membranes propagating in spacetimes equivalent to the asymptotes of the black holes. We obtain the metric solutions to the second sub-leading order in 1/D. We also obtain the equations governing the dual membranes up to the first sub-leading order in 1/D.
Kritische Ereignisse in der Akutschmerztherapie – eine Risikoanalyse von CIRS-Meldungen
Authors: Erlenwein J. , Maring M. , Emons M. I. , Gerbershagen H. J. , Waeschle R. M. , Saager L. , Petzke F. 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Tätigkeitsgebiete mit vielen Schnittstellen, wie die Akutschmerztherapie, gelten per se als Bereiche, in denen ein erhöhtes Risiko für Fehler und Zwischenfälle besteht.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziele waren die Risikoidentifikation und Graduierung des Risikos von gemeldeten Zwischenfällen im Kontext der Akutschmerztherapie.

Material und Methoden
Aus 5365 Fällen des bundesweiten Meldesystems CIRSmedical Anästhesiologie wurden 508 Berichte mit dem Selektionskriterium „Schmerz“ identifiziert und 281 Berichte (55 %) analysiert und anhand einer Risikomatrix graduiert.

Ergebnisse
Diese eingeschlossenen Fälle standen im Kontext parenteraler Analgetikaapplikationen (40 %) und rückenmarknaher (40 %) bzw. peripherer Regionalanästhesieverfahren (23 %) sowie der patientenkontrollierten Analgesie in 13 % der Meldungen (Mehrfachnennung möglich). Die meisten Ereignisse waren anhand der Schilderungen auf fachliche Fehler, Kommunikationsdefizite und ein Abweichen von der Routine zurückzuführen. Sie basierten meist auf Zugangs‑, Dosis- oder Wirkstoffverwechslungen. Etwa ein Drittel der Fehlerquellen war organisatorischer Art. Ein mögliches vitales Risiko war anhand der Berichte in 59 % der Fälle anzunehmen; 16 % der Fälle gingen mit tatsächlichen vitalen Komplikationen einher. Die Risikograduierung ergab zusammengefasst in Risikoklassen in 7 % ein „extrem hohes“, in 62 % ein „hohes“, in 25 % ein „moderates“ und in 6 % ein „niedriges“ Risiko.

Diskussion
Insgesamt stellte sich ein relevantes Risikopotenzial für die Patienten dar. Gerade Zwischenfälle mit menschlichen Fehlern, Abweichen von der Routine und organisatorischen Aspekten gehen mit hohem Risiko einher.
Artificial intelligence in fiction: between narratives and metaphors
Authors: Hermann Isabella 
Published: October 2021

AbstractScience-fiction (SF) has become a reference point in the discourse on the ethics and risks surrounding artificial intelligence (AI). Thus, AI in SF—science-fictional AI—is considered part of a larger corpus of ‘AI narratives’ that are analysed as shaping the fears and hopes of the technology. SF, however, is not a foresight or technology assessment, but tells dramas for a human audience. To make the drama work, AI is often portrayed as human-like or autonomous, regardless of the actual technological limitations. Taking science-fictional AI too literally, and even applying it to science communication, paints a distorted image of the technology's current potential and distracts from the real-world implications and risks of AI. These risks are not about humanoid robots or conscious machines, but about the scoring, nudging, discrimination, exploitation, and surveillance of humans by AI technologies through governments and corporations. AI in SF, on the other hand, is a trope as part of a genre-specific mega-text that is better understood as a dramatic means and metaphor to reflect on the human condition and socio-political issues beyond technology.
Non Uniqueness of Power-Law Flows
Authors: Burczak Jan , Modena Stefano , Székelyhidi László 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe apply the technique of convex integration to obtain non-uniqueness and existence results for power-law fluids, in dimension$$d\ge 3$$d≥3. For the power indexqbelow the compactness threshold, i.e.$$q \in (1, \frac{2d}{d+2})$$q∈(1,2dd+2), we show ill-posedness of Leray–Hopf solutions. For a wider class of indices$$q \in (1, \frac{3d+2}{d+2})$$q∈(1,3d+2d+2)we show ill-posedness of distributional (non-Leray–Hopf) solutions, extending the seminal paper of Buckmaster & Vicol [10]. In this wider class we also construct non-unique solutions for every datum in$$L^2$$L2.
Minimally Invasive Versus Open Radical Antegrade Modular Pancreatosplenectomy: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Wu Eric Jinyi , Kabir Tousif , Zhao Joseph J. , Goh Brian K. P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundRadical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) was introduced to improve the tangential resection margin rates and N1 node clearance following resection of malignancies of the pancreatic body and tail. Owing to its technical complexity, minimally invasive RAMPS (MI‐RAMPS) has only been reported by a few centers worldwide. We performed this meta‐analysis to compare both short‐ and long‐term outcomes between open RAMPS (O‐RAMPS) and minimally invasive RAMPS (MI‐RAMPS).MethodsA systematic search of the electronic databases PubMed, Medline (via PubMed), Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science was performed to identify eligible studies published in the English language regardless of study design. The outcomes of interest were operation time, estimated blood loss, transfusion rates, overall complications, Grade B/C post‐operative pancreatic fistula (POPF) rates, post‐pancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH), delayed gastric emptying (DGE), length of stay (LOS), R0 resection rates, lymph node (LN) yield and overall survival (OS).ResultsFive non‐randomized studies comprising of a total 229 patients (89 MI‐RAMPS, 140 O‐RAMPS) were included for analysis. Intra‐operative blood loss was observed to be significantly reduced in MI‐RAMPS as compared to O‐RAMPS (MD –256.16, P < 0.001), while LN yield was higher in O‐RAMPS as compared to MI‐RAMPS (MD ‐2.73, P = 0.02). There were no statistically significant differences observed for the other perioperative, oncologic and survival outcomes.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis provides early evidence to suggest that MI‐RAMPS may produce comparable short‐ and long‐term outcomes to O‐RAMPS, when undertaken by appropriately skilled surgeons in well‐selected patients. Further large‐scale prospective studies are required to corroborate these findings.
Growth differentiation factor 15 predicts poor prognosis in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction and anemia: results from RED-HF
Authors: Ueland Thor , Gullestad Lars , Kou Lei , Young James B. , Pfeffer Marc A. , van Veldhuisen Dirk Jan , Swedberg Karl , Mcmurray John J. V. , Desai Akshay S. , Anand Inderjit S. , Aukrust Pål 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Aims
We aimed to assess the value of GDF-15, a stress-responsive cytokine, in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and anemia

Methods and results
Serum GDF-15 was assessed in 1582 HFrEF and mild-to-moderate anemia patients who where followed for 28 months in the Reduction of Events by Darbepoetin alfa in Heart Failure (RED-HF) trial, an overall neutral RCT evaluating the effect darbepoetin alfa on clinical outcomes in patients with systolic heart failure and mild-to-moderate anemia. Association between baseline and change in GDF-15 during 6 months follow-up and the primary composite outcome of all-cause death or HF hospitalization were evaluated in multivariable Cox-models adjusted for conventional clinical and biochemical risk factors. The adjusted risk for the primary outcome increased with (i) successive tertiles of baseline GDF-15 (tertile 3 HR 1.56 [1.23–1.98] p < 0.001) as well as with (ii) a 15% increase in GDF-15 levels over 6 months of follow-up (HR 1.68 [1.38–2.06] p < 0.001). Addition of change in GDF-15 to the fully adjusted model improved the C-statistics (p < 0.001). No interaction between treatment and baseline or change in GDF-15 on outcome was observed. GDF-15 was inversely associated with several indices of anemia and correlated positively with ferritin.

Conclusions
In patients with HF and anemia, both higher baseline serum GDF-15 levels and an increase in GDF-15 during follow-up, were associated with worse clinical outcomes. GDF-15 did not identify subgroups of patients who might benefit from correction of anemia but was associated with several indices of anemia and iron status in the HF patients.

Graphic abstract
Disease-modifying effects of ranibizumab for central retinal vein occlusion
Authors: Huang Jason M. , Khurana Rahul N. , Ghanekar Avanti , Wang Pin-wen , Day Bann-Mo , Blodi Barbara A. , Domalpally Amitha , Quezada-Ruiz Carlos , Ip Michael S. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To identify anatomic endpoints altered by intravitreal ranibizumab in central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) to determine any potential underlying disease modification that occurs with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy beyond best-corrected visual acuity and central optical coherence tomography outcomes.

Methods
A post hoc analysis of a double-masked, multicenter, randomized clinical trial was performed. A total of 392 patients with macular edema after CRVO were randomized 1:1:1 to receive monthly intraocular injections of 0.3 or 0.5 mg of ranibizumab or sham injections. Central reading center-read data were reviewed to explore potential anatomic endpoints altered by therapy.

Results
At 6 months, there was a reduction in the ranibizumab groups compared with sham groups with respect to total area of retinal hemorrhage (median change from baseline in disc areas: − 1.17 [sham], − 2.37 [ranibizumab 0.3 mg], − 1.64 [ranibizumab 0.5 mg]), development of disc neovascularization (prevalence: 3% [sham], 0% [ranibizumab 0.3 mg], 0% [ranibizumab 0.5 mg]), and presence of papillary swelling (prevalence: 22.9% [sham], 8.0% [ranibizumab 0.3 mg], 8.3% [ranibizumab 0.5 mg], p < 0.01). There was no difference between groups in collateral vessel formation. Analysis of vitreous and preretinal hemorrhage could not be performed due to low frequency of events in both treated and sham groups.

Conclusions
Ranibizumab for CRVO resulted in beneficial disease-modifying effects through a reduction in retinal hemorrhage, neovascularization, and papillary swelling. These findings may form the basis for future work in the development of a treatment response or severity scale for eyes with CRVO.