bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intralesional pentoxifylline, triamcinolone acetonide, and their combination for treatment of keloid scars
Authors: Serag‐Eldin Yasmin Magdy Abdulrahman , Mahmoud Wael Hussein , Gamea Mohamed Mahmoud , Hegab Doaa Salah 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundKeloids are common fibroproliferative tumors, and their treatment still represents a dilemma. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) injection is effective, but frequently associated with side effects. Pentoxifyllin (PTX) is a vasodilator, anti‐inflammatory, and antifibrotic agent. Its intralesional injection in keloids has not been evaluated yet.AimsEvaluating the efficacy and safety of intralesional PTX versus intralesional TAC and their combination for treatment of keloids.Patients/MethodsThirty patients with keloids were divided into three equal groups and treated by intralesional injection of TAC, PTX, or their combination (admixed in 1:1 ratio). Injections were repeated every 3 weeks until lesional flattening or for maximum of 5 sessions. The evaluation was done using the Vancouver Scar Scale and the Verbal Rating Scale for pain and itching.ResultsA significant improvement in VSS was detected in all groups. Significantly better improvements in keloid height, pliability, pain, and itching were detected in the TAC and combination groups than in the PTX group. There was a significantly higher incidence of side effects (atrophy, hypopigmentation, telangiectasia, and precipitation of TAC) in the TAC group than in the combination group, while no side effects were reported in the PTX group. A statistically significant reduction in the number of treatment sessions (required to achieve best results) was detected in patients in the combination group.ConclusionsIntralesional injection of PTX is a potentially helpful, safe, and well‐tolerated therapeutic tool for keloids, but with lower efficacy than intralesional TAC when used solely. Combining PTX and TAC produces significantly better results for keloid treatment and lowers the risk of TAC‐induced side effects.
Emotional experience of the diagnostic process of a rare disease and the perception of support systems: A scoping review
Authors: Llubes‐Arrià Laia , Sanromà‐Ortíz Montserrat , Torné‐Ruiz Alba , Carillo‐Álvarez Elena , García‐Expósito Judith , Roca Judith 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAims and objectiveTo explore the experience of adult patients and adult patients’ families, and their perception of the support systems received during the diagnostic process of rare diseases.BackgroundThere are about 7,000 rare diseases that affect 7% of the world's population. Rare diseases are often underdiagnosed. This has been reported to have deleterious physical and psychological consequences in both the patients and their families, especially when institutional support during this process is low.DesignA scoping review was carried out following the 6‐phase model proposed by Arksey & O’Malley and Levac et al., including the consultation phase in which patients diagnosed with rare diseases were interviewed to seek their views on the bibliographic evidence reviewed and their experience during the diagnostic process.MethodsThe databases consulted were PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, OpenGrey, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. They were explored from inception–July 2020, and qualitative, quantitative and mixed method studies were included. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used for the critical evaluation of the articles. The review was based on the guidance in the PRISMA‐ScR statement.ResultsThe initial search identified 2,350 articles, of which 20 fully met the inclusion criteria and were therefore reviewed. In this analysis appeared two dimensions: internal factors: emotional aspects, and external factors: resources and support systems.Relevance to clinicalThis review provides evidence on the emotional impact of the diagnostic process and during the communication phase of the definitive diagnosis. Health systems and professionals must be strengthened in order to improve the information, training and resources. Nurses can play a key role in coordinating communication and follow‐up of those affected.
The impact of COVID‐19‐related mental health issues on menstrual cycle characteristics of female healthcare providers
Authors: Takmaz Taha , Gundogmus Ibrahim , Okten Sabri Berkem , Gunduz Anil 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate the association between menstrual cycle regularity in healthcare providers and COVID‐19 pandemic‐related anxiety, depression, stress.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted by administrating online questionnaires to female healthcare workers in Turkey. Women aged 18–40 years with regular menstrual cycles for more than 1 year before the beginning of the pandemic were included in the study and they were divided into two groups according to menstrual cycle regularity during the pandemic. The questionnaires included sociodemographic characteristics, medical and reproductive history, lifestyle information of participants, COVID‐19 Stress Scales (CSS), and a short version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS‐21).ResultsA total of 952 women were included in the study, 679 had regular menstrual cycles, and 273 had irregular menstrual cycles. The prevalence of irregular menses among Turkish women healthcare workers aged 18–40 years was 28.7%. The CSS subdimensions and total scores were significantly higher in the irregular menstruation group than in women with regular menstruation (p < 0.001). The DASS‐21 depression, anxiety, and stress subdimensions were likewise significantly higher in women with irregular menstruation (p < 0.001). Besides, both the univariable and the multivariable logistic regression results showed the relationship between irregular menstruation and CSS total score.ConclusionThe current study showed the association between the COVID‐19 pandemic‐induced anxiety, perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and increased prevalence of menstrual cycle irregularity among healthcare providers.
Improved taste and texture in novel popcorn varieties compared to conventional lines
Authors: Parsons Leandra , Rodriguez Oscar , Holding David R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractQuality Protein Popcorn (QPP) varieties were bred out of a unique germplasm pool derived from Quality Protein dent Maize and conventional popcorn lines. To identify and compare distinctive characteristics within this population, a new sensory method was employed that coupled hedonic numeric rankings of common sensory traits appearance, aroma, texture, and taste with an “overall likability” score while requiring the selection of specific descriptors for taste and texture. Participants tasted six popcorn cultivars, rated each sample based on sensory factors, and offered specific descriptors for taste and texture. This sensory method identified two QPP hybrids with higher overall likability rankings likely attributed to the diversified and improved taste and texture of QPP compared to the controls. The experimental design employed for this descriptive analysis was successful in identifying trait correlations, potential consumer preferences, and ranking of product acceptability and may serve as an efficient model for other sensory studies.Practical ApplicationQuality Protein Popcorn cultivars are novel products due to their unique genetic composition of elite popcorn and Quality Protein Maize dent maize. To evaluate consumer acceptability of these novel products, a new method for the sensory evaluation of common traits—appearance, aroma, texture, taste, and overall likability—was generated to identify desirable popcorn hybrids and correlations between overall likability and certain sensory attributes. Utilizing a numerical ranking system and categorical key descriptors, this study identified desirable popcorn characteristics and suggested explanations for these attributes. The evaluation format and experimental design employed enabled the identification of significant differences, trends, and correlations between traits and overall likability in a tested population of 112. These methods are easily transferable and may serve as an efficient model for other sensory studies identifying trait correlations, consumer preferences, and ranking of product acceptability.
Melatonin and other indoles show antiviral activities against swine coronaviruses in vitro at pharmacological concentrations
Authors: Zhai Xiaofeng , Wang Ningning , Jiao Houqi , Zhang Jie , Li Chaofan , Ren Wenkai , Reiter Russel J. , Su Shuo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), highlights major gaps in our knowledge on the prevention control and cross‐species transmission mechanisms of animal coronaviruses. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV) are three common swine coronaviruses and have similar clinical features. In the absence of effective treatments, they have led to significant economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. We reported that indoles exerted potent activity against swine coronaviruses, the molecules used included melatonin, indole, tryptamine, and L‐tryptophan. Herein, we did further systematic studies with melatonin, a ubiquitous and versatile molecule, and found it inhibited TGEV, PEDV, and PDCoV infection in PK‐15, Vero, or LLC‐PK1 cells by reducing viral entry and replication, respectively. Collectively, we provide the molecular basis for the development of new treatments based on the ability of indoles to control TGEV, PEDV, and PDCoV infection and spread.
Comparison effects of chronic sleep deprivation on juvenile and young adult mice
Authors: Li Yaqing , Xiao Xi , Wang Ling , Wang Qian , Liang Rong , Zheng Chenguang , Yang Jiajia , Ming Dong 
Published: June 2021

SummarySleeplessness leads to a spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders, affecting both juveniles and young adults. Studies have shown different sleep patterns at different stages of development. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of the same chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) on behaviours of juveniles and young adults remain elusive. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of CSD (6 days, 19 h per day) on anxiety‐like behaviour, cognitive performance and molecular alterations in juvenile and young adult mice. Change in body weight suggested impaired physical development in CSD animals, specifically juveniles gaining weight at a lower rate and young adults losing weight. Behavioural performance indicated that CSD had little effect on spatial memory, but induced analogous anxiety‐like phenotypes in both juveniles and young adults, as evidenced by no significant difference in the Y‐maze experiment (Y‐M) or the Morris water maze experiment (MWM), as well as the decreased open‐arm distance percentage in the elevated plus maze experiment (EPM). In addition, CSD reduced the N‐methyl‐D‐aspartic receptor subunit 2B (NR2B) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) levels in juveniles, but these were increased in young adults. In conclusion, our results suggested that although CSD resulted in analogous anxiety‐like behaviours in both juvenile and young adult mice, the underlying mechanisms might be different, which was indicated by the opposite change of synaptic proteins under CSD. These findings may help to better understand the important role of sleep and have constructive significance for human health.
Do sleep changes mediate the anti‐depressive and anti‐suicidal response of intravenous ketamine in treatment‐resistant depression?
Authors: Rodrigues Nelson B. , McIntyre Roger S. , Lipsitz Orly , Cha Danielle S. , Cao Bing , Lee Yena , Gill Hartej , Lui Leanna M. W. , Cubała Wiesław J. , Ho Roger , Shekotikhina Margarita , Teopiz Kayla M. , Subramaniapillai Mehala , Kratiuk Kevin , Mansur Rodrigo B. , Rosenblat Joshua D. 
Published: June 2021

SummarySleep disturbances are commonly reported in patients with treatment‐resistant depression (TRD). Available data have shown that intravenous (IV) ketamine is an effective treatment for patients with TRD and growing data suggest ketamine may improve overall sleep architecture. In the present study, we evaluated whether changes in sleep symptoms mediated the anti‐depressive and/or anti‐suicidal effects of IV ketamine and whether improvement in sleep correlated with a higher likelihood of achieving response or remission. Adults with TRD received four infusions of IV ketamine at a community‐based clinic. Total depressive symptom severity was measured with the Quick Inventory Depressive Symptoms Self‐Report 16‐Item (QIDS‐SR16) at baseline and was repeated across four infusions. Suicidal ideation (SI) and four sleep symptoms were measured using the SI item and the five sleep items on the QIDS‐SR16. A total of 323 patients with TRD received IV ketamine. Self‐reported improvements in insomnia, night‐time restlessness, hypersomnia, early morning waking, and total sleep were significant partial mediators to the improvements observed in depression severity. Similarly, insomnia, night‐time restlessness, early morning waking and total sleep improvements mediated the reduction of IV ketamine on SI. All sleep items, except for hypersomnia, were associated with an increased likelihood of achieving response or remission. Notably, each point improvement in total sleep score was significantly associated with achieving responder/remitter status (odds ratio 3.29, 95% confidence interval 2.00–5.41). Insomnia, sleep restlessness, early morning waking and total sleep improvements were significant mediators of antidepressant and anti‐suicidal improvements in patients with TRD receiving IV ketamine.
Trophic interactions and metal transfer in marine ecosystems driven by the Peruvian scallop Argopecten purpuratus aquaculture
Authors: Loaiza Iván , De Boeck Gudrun , Alcazar Juan , Campos Diego , Cárdenas‐Alayza Susana , Ganoza María , Gómez‐Sanchez Muriel , Miglio María , De Troch Marleen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the trophic interactions and As and Cd transfer along seven marine ecosystems in Peru. Five of these ecosystems are driven by aquaculture of the Peruvian scallop Argopecten purpuratus. A southward increased gradient of δ15N was observed among the three examined regions along the Peruvian coast. The stable isotope analysis in R (SIAR)‐stable isotope mixing models helped to clarify the feeding ecology of A. purpuratus and its important predators (e.g., Bursa ventricosa, Romaleon setosum). The food items of A. purpuratus can be ranked in decreasing order of importance: seston > sediment > particulate organic matter (POM) > brackish‐and‐fresh water POM input, while A. purpuratus itself was found to be the main prey item for predators. The highest trophic magnification factors (TMFs) were 1.46 and 1.07 for As and Cd, respectively, and were both found at the location in front of the Illescas Reserve Zone (northern Peru). Metal biomagnification and non‐biomagnification effects were found in the Peruvian marine food webs, but A. purpuratus always fitted the trophic metal magnification or bio‐dilution regression model as intermediate consumer and/or prey. The TMFs and linear metal relationships implied that As contamination is a serious concern in marine ecosystems in Peru.
A hierarchical, multivariate meta‐analysis approach to synthesising global change experiments
Authors: Ogle Kiona , Liu Yao , Vicca Sara , Bahn Michael 
Published: June 2021

Summary

Meta‐analyses enable synthesis of results from globally distributed experiments to draw general conclusions about the impacts of global change factors on ecosystem function. Traditional meta‐analyses, however, are challenged by the complexity and diversity of experimental results. We illustrate how several key issues can be addressed by a multivariate, hierarchical Bayesian meta‐analysis (MHBM) approach applied to information extracted from published studies.

We applied an MHBM to log‐response ratios for aboveground biomass (AB, n = 300), belowground biomass (BB, n = 205) and soil CO2 exchange (SCE, n = 544), representing 100 studies. The MHBM accounted for study duration, climate effects and covariation among the AB, BB and SCE responses to elevated CO2 (eCO2) and/or warming.

The MHBM revealed significant among‐study covariation in the AB and BB responses to experimental treatments. The MHBM imputed missing duration (4.2%) and climate (6%) data, and revealed that climate context governs how eCO2 and warming impact ecosystem function. Predictions identified biomes that may be particularly sensitive to eCO2 or warming, but that are under‐represented in global change experiments.

The MHBM approach offers a flexible and powerful tool for synthesising disparate experimental results reported across multiple studies, sites and response variables.
Young adults' romantic investment behaviors on social media
Authors: Marcotte Alexandra S. , Gesselman Amanda N. , Reynolds Tania A. , Garcia Justin R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAccording to Rusbult's (1980) investment model, relationships are built and maintained through continual investment in one partner over potential alternative partners. Social media have continued to become more integrated into people's personal lives, with romantic relationship processes often unfolding in this new landscape. A large body of extant literature has explored how social media influence ongoing romantic relationships, but less is known about how social media facilitate relationship transitions (i.e., initiation, dissolution) and associated investment behaviors. In a large and diverse sample (N = 1521), we examine young adults' (18–29 years) social media investment behaviors around the beginnings and ends of their relationships, with a particular focus on how gender, age, and sexual orientation influence behaviors such as posting and removing of images with partners, following and un‐following partners and members of partners' social networks, direct messaging, and commenting on partners' posts. Our results suggest that men and sexual minorities more often engage in investment behaviors earlier in the relationship and after relationship dissolution. However, women and sexual minorities more often engage in disinvestment behaviors after dissolution, including removing traces of an ex‐partner from one's page and blocking them on social media entirely. Our results provide further understanding of how young American adults are enacting each relationship stage on social media and how the intersection of social media and romantic relationships differs by demographic factors.
Photogrammetric Record Microsoft Word Template
Authors: Author Arthur , Author Maria J. , Author S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis is an example of an original article in the layout expected by The Photogrammetric Record. The abstract is a concise summary of the essential elements of the paper and should not contain detailed results. It should be no longer than 150 words. This template indicates how a paper submitted to the journal should be structured and formatted, including figures, tables, mathematics and references.
Nationalistic bias among international experts: evidence from professional ski jumping*
Authors: Krumer Alex , Otto Felix , Pawlowski Tim 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSki jumping competitions involve subjective evaluations by judges from different countries. This might lead to nationalistic bias, according to which judges assign higher scores to their compatriots. To test this claim empirically, we exploit within‐performance variation of scores from all World Cup, World Championship, and Olympic Games competitions between the 2010/11 and 2016/17 seasons. Our findings confirm that judges assign significantly higher scores to their compatriots. The magnitude of this nationalistic bias is significantly higher in more corrupt countries. We do not find that judges assign significantly different scores to jumpers whose compatriots are present on the judging panel.
Spectral ecologies: De/extinction in the Pyrenees
Authors: Searle Adam 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHow is extinction problematised through biotechnological and ecological interventions, and how might such mediations elucidate different understandings of biotic loss and recovery? The bucardo – an endemic ibex from the Pyrenees – is the only extinct animal to have ever been cloned, and for seven short minutes in 2003, “extinction was not forever.” Using the bucardo’s extinction as a starting point, rather than an ending, this paper addresses the “spectral ecologies” of the Pyrenees. Drawing on interviews and extensive ethnographic work conducted in Spain and France, I discuss the implications of this cloning project, and examine the various ways in which it is contested. Speculative futures of bucardo clones “returning” to the Pyrenees seem unlikely, however, following the successful introductions of another subspecies of ibex to the French Pyrenees in 2014. Such events – following the mobilities and geographies of the ibex themselves – invalidate justifications for cloning in conservation. Spectral ecologies are characterised through the unsettling of – and departures from – linear temporalities. I broaden the ontological scope of species resurrection to attend to phenotypic shifts associated with ecological restoration projects, which I call “de/extinction.” De/extinction unsettles a range of epistemological assumptions concerning two of conservation’s key concepts: species and extinction. Introduced ibex in the Pyrenees are beginning to resemble the defining features of bucardo with every new generation, a fascinating reworking of the bucardo’s absence. The figure of the ghost brings to the fore multiple pasts and futures, human and nonhuman, materialising and affecting bodies in spectral ecologies. This case offers a theoretical advance to the field of extinction studies and cultural geographies in considering different meanings of “the end,” and the imagined futures of “lost” biota.
Prandtl’s Secondary Flows of the Second Kind. Problems of Description, Prediction, and Simulation
Authors: Nikitin N. V. , Popelenskaya N. V. , Stroh A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract—
The occurrence of turbulent pulsations in straight pipes of noncircular cross-section leads to the situation, when the average velocity field includes not only the longitudinal component but also transverse components that form a secondary flow. This hydrodynamic phenomenon discovered at the twenties of the last century (J. Nikuradse, L. Prandtl) has been the object of active research to the present day. The intensity of the turbulent secondary flows is not high; usually, it is not greater than 2–3% of the characteristic flow velocity. Nevertheless, their contribution to the processes of transverse transfer of momentum and heat is comparable to that of turbulent pulsations. In this paper, a review of experimental, theoretical, and numerical studies of secondary flows in straight pipes and channels is given. Emphasis is placed on the issues of revealing the physical mechanisms of secondary flow formation and developing the models of the apriori assessment of their forms. The specific features of the secondary flow development in open channels and channels with inhomogeneously rough walls are touched upon. The approaches of semiempirical simulation of turbulent flows in the presence of secondary flows are discussed.