bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Effectiveness of Lobectomy, Segmentectomy, and Wedge Resection for Pathological Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Elderly Patients: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Zhang Xining , Lin Gang , Li Jian 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: This study was designed to assess the long-term survival of lobectomy, segmentectomy, and wedge resection for pathological stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients over 75 years of age.Patients and methods: Pathological stage I NSCLC patients aged ≥75 years who underwent lobectomy, segmentectomy, or wedge resection were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Propensity score–matched and competing risks analyses were conducted. The overall survival (OS) rate and lung cancer–specific survival (LCSS) rate were compared among the three groups based on the pathological stage.Results: A total of 3,345 patients were included. In the full cohort, the OS rate and LCSS rate of lobectomy were superior to wedge resection, but not to segmentectomy, the OS advantage diminished when patients were over 85 years old or when at least one lymph node was examined during the procedure. Stratified analyses showed that there was no significant difference in OS and LCSS rates among the three surgical procedures for patients with tumors smaller than 1.0 cm. The OS and LCSS of wedge resection, not segmentectomy, were inferior to lobectomy in stage IA2–IB tumors.Conclusion: Lobectomy should be recognized as the “gold standard” procedure for pathological stage I NSCLC in patients over 75 years of age, and segmentectomy could be considered as an effective alternative. Wedge resection could be considered for patients with compromised cardiopulmonary function or tumors smaller than 1.0 cm, and intraoperative lymph node examination should be conducted.
Critical Thinking Development of Primary School Pupils by Means of Inventive Problems
Authors: Gavrysh Iryna , Dotsenko Svitlana 
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the research is to determine the effective tools for the critical thinking development for primary school pupils.
Methodology. The retrospective analysis of the primary education systems development in Ukraine and in highly developed countries was used, the primary school is determined to be the initial stage of the pupils’ critical thinking development. The material of the study is primary school educational programmes, branches of education, and existing academic subjects, it indicates the necessity to develop and implement the particular subject, and its aim is to develop critical thinking and the abilities to express one’s own opinion, assess risks and solve problems. According to the State Standard of Primary Education the key competencies require the following skills: creativity; initiative; the abilities to justify one’s position logically, to manage emotions constructively, to assess risks, to make decisions, to solve problems, to cooperate with others.
Results. The article clarifies that critical thinking is a type of thinking aimed at solving problems, namely studying the argument line (hypotheses, criteria, definitions, arguments, facts, etc.), analyzing alternative solutions; forecasting and assessing consequences. It is proved in practice that inventive problems serve as an effective way to develop critical thinking. The basis of such problems is the theory of inventive problem solving (TIPS). It is determined that an inventive problem contains a cognitive contradiction, its solving promotes the pupils’ critical thinking development. The authors’ subject ‘Eureka’ for pupils of 2-4 classes is offered. Its aim is to develop pupils’ critical thinking, creative and inventive abilities, and also primary skills to carry out natural science researches. The results of the subject approbation are given.
Conclusions. Primary school pupils’ critical thinking development can be achieved through the introduction of a range of new subjects at the initial stages of education. The aim of such subjects is to teach pupils to solve inventive problems.
The Peculiarities of Teaching Foreign Languages by Means of Information and Communication Technologies
Authors: Shevchuk Anna 
Published: April 2021

The paper investigates the peculiarities of teaching foreign languages by means of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). In the course of a comprehensive study the most effective for the development of students’ linguistic and communicative competence, the following types of ICT were singled out and analysed: Internet-based project work, online correspondence by e-mail, chat, blogs, wikis and podcasts and training programs.
The aim of the article is to identify the peculiarities of teaching foreign languages by means of ICT
The theoretical, empirical and statistical methods have been used to reach the purpose. To check the effectiveness of applying ICT in teaching foreign languages empirical (diagnostic) methods such as testing, observation and discussion were used. The pedagogical experiment with the fourth-year students of Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics was conducted. The pedagogical experiment showed the effectiveness of developing foreign language activity by means of ICT.
The statistical methods helped to evaluate the results of the research. Using ICT is really helpful to increase students’ language competencies and, respectively, it provides the development of foreign language communicative competence in general.
Conclusion: ICT creates a new environment and opportunities for foreign language acquisition; they have become an important educational tool successfully used in foreign language teaching.
PERTINENCIA DE LOS POSGRADOS MÉDICOS EN COSTA RICA
Authors: Sancho Ugalde Hilda , Cerdas Salas Oscar , Ureña Villanueva Stefany 
Published: April 2021

Se hace un análisis del desarrollo de los posgrados médicos en Costa Rica, así como del desarrollo del sector salud a nivel nacional y de los factores que han incidido en la formación de especialistas y las demandas del país sobre este recurso humano. Varios factores inciden en su pertinencia: el cambio de la pirámide demográfica, el avance de la tecnología en el campo de la medicina, el aumento de la población migrante, y los procesos de jubilación de los profesionales médicos. El resultado señala la necesidad de continuar con la formación de este recurso humano, pertinente para el logro de cubrir las necesidades que en el campo de la salud requiere el país.
PILEFLEBITIS POSTERIOR A APENDICITIS AGUDA
Authors: García Quirós Christian , Alfaro Alfaro Jairo 
Published: April 2021

La pileflebitis o piletromboflebitis corresponde a la trombosis séptica de la vena porta y de sus ramas debido a un foco infeccioso a nivel intraabdominal. Entre las etiologías más frecuentes podemos encontrar la diverticulitis, la apendicitis y colangitis. También se puede asociar a estados de hipercoagulabilidad, neoplasias y deficiencia de factores de la coagulación.
El tratamiento se enfoca en la erradiación del foco infeccioso mediante terapia antibiótica y en la prevención de su extensión e isquemia mesentérica mediante la anticoagulación.
Describimos el caso de un paciente con antecedente de apendicitis aguda quien desarrolla trombosis séptica de la vena porta, esplénica y mesentérica superior
HIPOTIROIDISMO DURANTE EL EMBARAZO
Authors: Alvarado Rodríguez Valeria Lucía , Fonseca Figueroa José Daniel , Morales Vindas Verónica 
Published: April 2021

Resumen
Las enfermedades tiroideas están entre los trastornos endocrinos más frecuentemente reportados durante el embarazo, en parte debido a los cambios fisiológicos que ocurren principalmente en el primer trimestre. En pacientes embarazadas, el hipotiroidismo clínico tiene una prevalencia de 0.3-1.9%, mientras que el hipotiroidismo subclínico de 1.5-5%. Estos porcentajes dependen de diferentes variables como la ingesta de yodo. Se ha visto que el hipotiroidismo generalmente representa un riesgo para la unidad materno-fetal, por lo que se debe tener en cuenta el rango de referencia trimestral de TSH según la población para realizar un diagnóstico apropiado. El tratamiento consiste en levotiroxina oral, según las metas establecidas. Además, la captación de aquellas pacientes que presenten factores de riesgo, así como aquellas con diagnóstico previo de hipotiroidismo permite darles el seguimiento adecuado. Por lo anterior, es necesario que los diferentes servicios cuenten con bases de datos a nivel regional o nacional para establecer rangos de referencia trimestrales específicos para la población.
Spatial Distribution Of Chlorofil-a In Laguna Kabori Manokwari Regency
Authors: Warnetti Suci Widya , Pattiasina Thomas Frans , Saleh Fitriyah Irmawati  Elyas , Alianto Alianto , Talakua Selfanie , Matulessy Marthin 
Published: April 2021

Kabori Lagoon is a lagoon located in Manokwari Regency, West Papua, where the water quality data is still very limited. Chlorophyll-a is the most important photosynthetic pigment for aquatic plants such as phytoplankton. The purpose of this study was to determine the horizontal distribution of chlorophyll-a based on the spatial data approach in the waters of the Kabori Lagoon. The study was conducted from April to May 2019. The sampling point was determined by purposive sampling at eight points for sampling of chlorophyll-a and water parameters including physics and chemistry (temperature, DO, salinity, brightness and depth). Measurement of physical and chemical parameters is carried out in situ. Chlorophyll-a analysis was carried out at the Laboratory of Water Productivity and Quality, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, Hasanuddin University. Spatial data processing used ArcGIS 10.4 and Surfer 16 to create chlorophyll-a distribution maps and bathymetry. The results showed that the chlorophyll-a content in Observation I was in the range of 0.12-2.40 mg/m3 and in Observation II it was in the range of 1.43-10.84 mg/m3. Based on the chlorophyll-a content, the Kabori Lagoon is included in the mesotrophic category. Spatially, the distribution of chlorophyll-a content varies, but tends to be higher in the southern part of the lagoon than in the northern part of the lagoon.
Spatial distribution, Chlorophyll-A, Kabori Lagoon, Mesotrophic
HUBUNGAN KEADAAN SANITASI DASAR DAN PERILAKU IBU RUMAH TANGGA DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE BALITA (Studi Kasus Di Kelurahan Banyuanyar Kecamatan Sampang Kabupaten Sampang Tahun 2019)
Authors: Rukmana Sri Wahyuning , Thohari Imam , Nurmayanti Demes 
Published: April 2021

HUBUNGAN KEADAAN SANITASI DASAR DAN PERILAKUIBU RUMAH TANGGA DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE BALITA(Studi Kasus Di Kelurahan Banyuanyar Kecamatan Sampang Kabupaten Sampang Tahun 2019) Sri Wahyuning Rukmana1, Imam Thohari2, Umi Rahayu3Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes SurabayaProgram Studi D-IV Jurusan Kesehatan LingkunganEmail : Aneng.rukmana15@gmail,com ABSTRAK Salah satu penyakit berbasis lingkungan yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat adalah penyakit diare. Penyakit diare di Kabupaten Sampang termasuk dalam 10 penyakit dengan jumlah penderita tertinggi disetiap bulan. Pada tahun 2018 kasus diare di Kabupaten Sampang mencapai 31.117 kasus, dan kelurahan Banyuanyar merupakan wilayah dengan jumlah kasus diare tertinggi ke – 3 dengan total 913 kasus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah menganalisis hubungan antara keadaan sanitasi dasar dan perilaku ibu rumah tangga dalam penanganan diare pada balita dan sanitasi dasar di Kelurahan Banyuanyar SampangJenis penelitian menggunakan diskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan Case control menggunakan teknik Simple random sampling sebanyak 69 rumah sampel kasus dan 69 rumah sampel kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, observasi, dan penyebaran kuesioner. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi- square.Hasil uji statistik sanitasi dasar rumah dengan kejadian diare (0,042) α (0,05) Ho ditolak, maka ada hubungan antara sanitasi dasar rumah dengan kejadian diare pada balita. Perilaku ibu dengan kejadian diare p value (0,000) α (0,05) Ho di tolak, maka ada hubungan antara perilaku ibu rumah tangga dengan kejadian diare pada balita. Menurut hasil observasi dari 138 rumah terdapat 65,94% penyediaan air bersih yang memenuhi syarat, 72,46% pembuangan kotoran manusia memenuhi syarat, 75,36% pembuangan air limbah memenuhi syarat, 73,19% sarana pembuangan sampah memenuhi syarat. Untuk itu disarankan supaya masyarakat sebaiknya lebih aktif dalam mengikuti kegiatan yang diadakan oleh puskesmas Banyuanyar , masyarakat lebih giat dalam melaksanakan kerja bakti membersihkan lingkungan sekitar, menerapkan hidup bersih dan sehat. Kata Kunci : sanitasi dasar, perilaku ibu, diare balita
PEMANFAATAN ISI RUMEN SAPI DI RUMAH POTONG HEWAN PEGIRIAN SEBAGAI BIOGAS
Authors: Susilo Andy , . Darjati , Adam Deddy 
Published: April 2021

Pengolahan limbah cairan isi rumen dan kotoran sapi dapat dilakukan dengan cara fermentasi anaerob (tanpa oksigen), dan merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan. Dalam proses tersebut bahan organik akan didegrasi oleh mikroba yang dapat menghasilkan biogas.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar gas metan (CH4) yang dihasilkan dari proses biogas dengan 3 (tiga) dosis aktivator EM4 yang berbeda. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimen murni dengan menggunakan desain penelitian Rancangan “Post Only With Control Grup”. Sampel menggunakan Purposive random sampling berupa isi rumen sapi. Selanjutnya uji dilakukan dengan 4 perlakuan setiap 1 perlakuan 6 replikasi. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan laboratorium pada gas metan (CH4) dapat diketahui bahwa kadar gas metan (CH4) yang tidak diberi penambahan aktivator EM4 sebesar 0,47950 dan penambahan aktivator EM4 yang efektif yaitu variasi dosis 20% sebesar 3,33103, penambahan dosis aktivator EM4 15% sebesar 2,55065 dan penambahan dosis aktivator EM4 10% sebesar 1,68862. Terdapat perbedaan kadar gas metan dengan variasi aktivator EM4 10%, 15%, dan 20% pada proses bioga dengan menggunakan isi rumen sapi. Penelitian ini dapat digunakan masyarakat sebagai bahan bakar alternatif untuk kegiatan sehari-hari. Penlitian ini juga dapat dilanjutkan dengan mengukur kadar gas metan total pada proses biogas.Kata kunci: Biogas, Isi Rumen Sapi
PEMANFAATAN SUMUR BOR PADA SISTEM PENYEDIAAN AIR BERSIH RSUD Dr. SAIFUL ANWAR MALANG
Authors: Sutijopramono Rudi , . Nurhaidah , Rokhmalia Fitri 
Published: April 2021

RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang menggunakan sumber air dari PDAM dan sumur. SAB yang bersumber pada sumur bor di IRNA I menyebabkan timbulnya pengendapan kotoran pada perpipaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan sistem penyediaan air bersih dari pemanfaatan sumur bor di IRNA I.Penelitian ini bersifat deskritif. Objek, sasaran pada penelitian ini adalah sistem penyediaan dan kualitas air bersih dari pemanfaatan sumur bor di IRNA I, Hasil penelitian pada perubahan tekanan aliran air bersih dari pola pengoperasian pompa rerata 8,78 jam/hari, 16 responden (80%) dari 20 yang diwawancarai tentang kondisi air bersih di ruang pelayanan pernah mengetahui langsung terjadinya kekeruhan/endapan hitam yang keluar sesaat dari dalam kran, ke enam parameter fisik air yang diperiksa antara lain kekeruhan, warna, zat padat terlarut (TDS), suhu, rasa, dan bau memenuhi syarat untuk air bersih sesuai Permenkes RI No. 32 Tahun 2017, walupun angka hasil pemeriksaan TDS yaitu 1000 mg/l. Disimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan sumur bor pada sistem penyediaan air bersih mengandung kadar kekeruhan dan zat padat terlarut tidak memenuhi syarat, penggunaan pompa yang tidak efektif menyebabkan terbentuknya pengendapan kotoran di dalam perpipaan. Disarankan perlunya perbaikan sistem untuk menghilangkan pengendapan kotoran, penyaringan yang mampu mengurangi kandungan TDS dan kekeruhan.Kata Kunci:Sistem penyediaan air bersih, frekuensi perubahan tekanan aliran air, air keruh/endapan hitam
Does signal reduction imply predictive coding in models of spoken word recognition?
Authors: Luthra Sahil , Li Monica Y. C. , You Heejo , Brodbeck Christian , Magnuson James S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPervasive behavioral and neural evidence for predictive processing has led to claims that language processing depends upon predictive coding. Formally, predictive coding is a computational mechanism where only deviations from top-down expectations are passed between levels of representation. In many cognitive neuroscience studies, a reduction of signal for expected inputs is taken as being diagnostic of predictive coding. In the present work, we show that despite not explicitly implementing prediction, the TRACE model of speech perception exhibits this putative hallmark of predictive coding, with reductions in total lexical activation, total lexical feedback, and total phoneme activation when the input conforms to expectations. These findings may indicate that interactive activation is functionally equivalent or approximant to predictive coding or that caution is warranted in interpreting neural signal reduction as diagnostic of predictive coding.
Community Based Tourism dalam Pengelolaan Desa Wisata Giriloyo, Wukirsari, Imogiri, Bantul
Authors: Suwarjo Suwarjo 
Published: April 2021

The results of study showed that community-based community in Giriloyo Tourism Village can be used for all community of batik artisans community who joined in paguyuban batik. Community agility from the stages of planning, evaporation, to activities. Forum meetings from hamlet level, batik community to tourist village become a forum for the community to convey aspirations and campaigns-inspiring activities. To motivate the community in Giriloyo Tourism Village, the following suggestions are offered: 1) the need for optimization of community meeting vessels to explore the potentials of interest for batik. Special tours special outbound and traditional culinary; 2) to increase the interest of the young generation of batik handicrafts in Giriloyo Tourism Village, can organize annual event with batik and staining pattern creations. Competition can be done in groups and there is no relationship that can be established relationships and close cooperation between adolescents.
Reformulasi Regulasi Radio Komunitas di Indonesia
Authors: Yudaninggar Kartika Sari 
Published: April 2021

Community Radio (CR) in Indonesia has emerged as a media that able to disseminate information to audience. Since this function can not be fullfiled by both private and public radios, CR is important for audience especially for those who lives in remote or even blank spot area. However, Government regulation on CR is feared to deprive the existence of CR. The regulation ranging from limitation of frequency allocation, criteria on coverage area and limited emmitance strength compare to public and private radios. This imply that the Government has never supported the existence of Community Radio. Government and Indonesia Broadcasting Commistion (KPI), as the powerful bodies, ought to reevaluate broadcasting regulation especially on Community Radio. Reformulation on the regulation is needed to maximilize the function of CR in Indonesia as independent media and to support democratization in the broadcasting system in Indonesia.
EFEKTIVITAS SOCIAL MEDIA INSTAGRAM #PASARSENENUKM TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PROMOSI UKM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wardhani Alysha Tri , Uljanatunnisa Uljanatunnisa , Hendrayani Yani 
Published: April 2021

#PasarsenenUKM Service is a service on Instagram social media that made public relations Ministry of SME and RI. The purpose this research is to know how much Social Media effectiveness Instagram #pasarsenenUKM to increase promotion of SMES in Indonesia. The theory used is The Hierarchy of Effects Concept, this theory explains the steps that consumers take to make decisions. The method used is quantitative with this type of an expreslanative research. The chosen population is an Instagram followers @KemenkopUKM as much as 186,000 people, using Yamane formula and then obtained the sample number of 100 respondents. This research uses questionnaire deployment techniques to get data. Based on the calculation the test results T obtained t count 11.921 > T table 1.661, it can be concluded that Ho rejected and Ha accepted meaning that Social Media effectiveness the Instagram #pasarsenenUKM has significant influence on the improvement of SME promotion in Indonesia.
The Impact of Stellar Clustering on the Observed Multiplicity and Orbital Periods of Planetary Systems
Authors: Longmore Steven N. , Chevance Mélanie , Diederik Kruijssen J. M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
It has recently been shown that stellar clustering plays an important role in shaping the properties of planetary systems. We investigate how the multiplicity distributions and orbital periods of planetary systems depend on the 6D phase space density of stars surrounding planet host systems. We find that stars in high stellar phase space density environments (overdensities) have a factor of 1.6–2.0 excess in the number of single-planet systems compared to stars in low stellar phase space density environments (the field). The multiplicity distribution of planets around field stars is much flatter (i.e., there is a greater fraction of multiplanet systems) than in overdensities. This result is primarily driven by the combined facts that (i) “hot Jupiters” (HJs) are almost exclusively found in overdensities and (ii) HJs are predominantly observed to be single-planet systems. Nevertheless, we find that the difference in multiplicity is even more pronounced when only considering planets in the Kepler sample, which contains few HJs. This suggests that the Kepler dichotomy—an apparent excess of systems with a single transiting planet—plausibly arises from environmental perturbations. In overdensities, the orbital periods of single-planet systems are smaller than orbital periods of multiple-planet systems. As this difference is more pronounced in overdensities, the mechanism responsible for this effect may be enhanced by stellar clustering. Taken together, the pronounced dependence of planetary multiplicity and orbital period distributions on stellar clustering provides a potentially powerful tool to diagnose the impact of environment on the formation and evolution of planetary systems.
Post-merger Jets from Supermassive Black Hole Coalescences as Electromagnetic Counterparts of Gravitational Wave Emission
Authors: Yuan Chengchao , Murase Kohta , Zhang B. Theodore , Kimura Shigeo S. , Mészáros Péter 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
As a powerful source of gravitational waves (GW), a supermassive black hole (SMBH) merger may be accompanied by a relativistic jet that leads to detectable electromagnetic (EM) emission. We model the propagation of post-merger jets inside a pre-merger wind bubble formed by disk winds, and calculate multiwavelength EM spectra from the forward shock region. We show that the nonthermal EM signals from SMBH mergers are detectable up to the detection horizon of future GW facilities such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). Calculations based on our model predict slowly fading transients with time delays from days to months after the coalescence, leading to implications for EM follow-up observations after the GW detection.
Les avatars de l’autorité sur Twitter : l’exemple des usagers face à l’Allocution de Nouvel An du Président Macron
Authors: Sadoun-Kerber Keren 
Published: April 2021

Cet article propose une étude de la réception de l’autorité d’un dirigeant politique sur Twitter. Le cas de figure analysé est celui des réactions à l’allocution de Nouvel An d’Emmanuel Macron en 2018. L’analyse discursive et argumentative des commentaires d’internautes a pour objectif d’explorer un phénomène contemporain : la mise en question de l’autorité du politique sur les réseaux sociaux, et plus particulièrement sur Twitter.