bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial and Molecular Differences According To The Location of Head and Neck Cancers
Authors: Kim Yun Kyeong , Kwon Eun Jung , Yu Yeuni , Kim Jayoung , Woo Soo-Yeon , Choi Hee-Sun , Kwon Munju , Jung Keehoon , Kim Hyung-Sik , Park Hae Ryoun , Lee Dongjun , Kim Yun Hak 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Microbiome has been shown to substantially contribute to some cancers. However, the diagnostic implications of microbiome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain unknown. Here, we report for the first time, the molecular difference in the microbiome of oral and non-oral HNSCC.
Methods
Primary data was downloaded from the Kraken-TCGA dataset. The molecular differences in the microbiome of oral and non-oral HNSCC were identified using the linear discriminant analysis effect size method. Using phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUST) and ANOVA-like differential expression (ALDEx2), we predicted bacterial metabolic contributions of oral rich and non-oral rich bacteria, common rich bacteria in two groups and their pathways. A Correlation analysis was performed between RNA expression data and common bacteria data and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was performed using correlated genes. Finally, to find out unique microbial signatures, we performed Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways and Gene ontology (GO) analysis using the PPI results.
Results
The common microbiomes in oral and non-oral cancers were Fusobacterium, Treponema, and Selenomonas and Clostridium and Massilia, respectively. We found unique microbial signatures that positively and negatively correlated with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways in oral cancer and negatively correlated KEGG pathways in non-oral cancer. In oral cancer, positively correlated genes were mostly found in bacterial infection pathways, while negative correlated genes were involved in HTLV-I infection, signal transduction, cell adhesion, and cancer-associated pathway. In non-oral cancer, positively correlated genes did not show any significant results, and negatively correlated genes showed results from focal adhesion pathway and regulation of actin cytoskeleton pathway.
Conclusions
These results could help in understanding the underlying biological mechanisms of the microbiome of oral and non-oral HNSCC. Microbiome-based oncology diagnostic tool warrants further exploration.
Comparative Analysis of Two Flap Designs for the Extraction of Impacted Mandibular Horizontal Third Molars: a Multicenter Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Naruse Tomofumi , Rokutanda Satoshi , Inokuchi Satoshi , Omori Keisuke , Yanamoto Souichi , Umeda Masahiro 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Most patients experience postoperative complications caused by the extraction of impacted mandibular horizontal third molars. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of two flap designs as a refinement on the reduction of postoperative complications. One hundred eighty-eight patients with impacted mandibular horizontal third molars were included in this single-blind, multicenter, randomized control trial. The allocation was determined using a modified envelope flap (mEF) and triangular flap (TF) at 1:1 by the data manager. Postoperative complications (pain, hemorrhage, nerve paralysis, dry socket, and infection) and operation time were assessed 7 ± 1 days after surgery. In all cases, postoperative pain was significantly lower in the mEF group (P<0.05). In the subgroup analysis, postoperative pain was significantly lower in patients with low difficulty (IA, IIA, IIA, IB), which were classified by G.B. Winter classification (P<0.05). Other factors were not significantly associated with the flap design. Our study suggests that mEF resulted in less postoperative pain with a low difficulty of impacted mandibular horizontal third molars. However, the evidence at present is not sufficient to suggest the use of either flap design.
Gene Expression Profiles for Recurrence of Lymph Node-positive Primary Breast Cancer in Women Over 40 Years of Age
Authors: Ma Sean Si Qian , Ye Luyi , Zhang Fan , Xu Tiansheng , Ji Zai-Si , Liu Enuo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Specific gene expression profiles correlate with recurrence of breast cancer in lymph node-negative patients. In contrast, insufficient knowledge is available regarding tumor-specific gene expression in patients with lymph node metastasis before surgery. Furthermore, such patients experience cumulative incidences of relapse greater than 50%. Methods: Sections of formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) were prepared from breast tumors of 37 patients who were followed for at least 5 years. FFPE samples of patients with recurrent ductal breast cancer (n = 25) and 12 FFPE samples of such patients without recurrence were subjected to microarray analysis to identify gene expression profiles specifically associated with positive lymph nodes confirmed during surgery that were accompanied by lymphocytic invasion. Immunohistochemistry was employed to determine the estrogen receptor (ER) status of cancer tissues. All patients were administered tamoxifen after surgery, and this treatment continued for more than 5 years, or until cancer recurred. This strategy eliminated interactions between different therapeutics as potential confounding factors that influenced patients' outcomes.Results: Sixteen genes were expressed at significantly higher levels in patients with ER-positive (+) breast cancer with recurrence compared with those without recurrence. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis of The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) identified 73 genes encoding olfactory receptors included in the “Olfactory transduction” pathway that were enriched in the ER+ recurrence group (FDR P < 0.05). The KEGG “Histidine metabolism” and “Retinol metabolism” pathways were enriched in patients with ER-negative (–) breast cancer with recurrence (FDR P < 0.05). Conclusions: The present study is the first, to our knowledge, to identify 16 genes encoding proteins with diverse functions as well as 73 genes encoding olfactory receptors. These genes may serve as presurgical biomarkers for the recurrence of ER+ breast cancers with lymph node metastasis before surgery. These findings identify potential therapeutic targets for preventing cancer relapse, particularly after lymph nodes metastasis.
Establishment of a 8 Immune-Related LncRNA Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Authors: Liu Yuhang , Liu Changjiang , Yu Aixi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Soft tissue sarcoma is relatively rare and highly heterogeneous, which brings great difficulties to treatment. Long non-coding RNA acts a vital role in the occurrence and progression of soft tissue sarcoma, especially in the tumor-related immune process, which has become a hot spot of current research. Therefore, we are committed to developing lncRNA markers related to immunity to promote the treatment and prognosis of patients with soft tissue sarcoma.Methods：Based on the TCGA-SARC and GTEx data set, we screened out 8 prognostic-related immune lncRNAs and constructed a nomogram, which was verified in the test set. Furthermore, immune infiltration analysis was carried out on patients of high and low risk.Results: Based on the results of Pearson's correlation coefficient, we obtained 859 immune-related lncRNAs. After difference analysis, we finally determined 54 different lncRNAs. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis finally determined 8 immune-related lncRNAs to construct prognostic models and nomograms to predict the prognosis of STS patients. The above results have been verified in external data sets, indicating that this model has good predictive ability. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and ESTIMATE analysis showed obviously differences exist in the immune infiltration status and immune cell subtypes of high- and low-risk patients.Conclusion: We constructed an immune-related lncRNA pattern to predict the survival status of soft tissue sarcoma patients.
WITHDRAWN: Suppression Application of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles for Wilt-Inducing Fusarium Equiseti in Wheat
Authors: Abdelghany Tarek , Alharbi Asmaa A. , Al-Rajhi Aisha M. H. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Recently, nanoparticles has proposed as a different and ecofriendly tools for solving many problems in agricultural field. Aim: The current investigation is an attempt to assess the antifungal activity of Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) against wheat wilt disease. Results: Isolates of Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp. and Rhizoctonia sp. species were recovered from wheat roots showed willt symptoms. Highest frequency (77.12%) was associated to Fusarium sp. Fusarium sp. isolates from pathogenicity test indicated that isolate (F1) out the highest frequency isolates caused high percentage of wilt reached to 65.1%. Molecular identification of F1 isolate was performed using ITS rRNA gene, and confirmed that it belong to F. equiseti. Inhibition (%) of F. equiseti growth was 3.45 and 16.66% at 100 ppm, and it was 74.14 and 78.21% at 400 ppm of CuONPs at 5 and 8 days, respectively. The action mechanism of CuONPs on F. equiseti inhibition was elucidated by transmission electron microscopy. CuONPs induced morphological changes and damage of the cell membranes of the F. equiseti. Healthy wheat plant without F. equiseti infection exhibited 11.24 ug. g-1dry weight of total phenol content (TPC), while infected plant showed highest content 14.25 ug. g-1dry weight. CuONPs at 200ppm induced TPC of infected plant by F. equiseti to 16.67 ug. g-1dry weight. Increment in Peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase activities in wheat plant cultivated in soil inoculated by F. equiseti and amended with 400 ppm of CuONPs were recorded comparatively to wheat plant cultivated in soli inoculated by F. equiseti but without CuONPs. Conclusion:The inhibitory effects of CuONPs are very actual management strategies for the control wheat wilt disease caused by F. equiseti in respective to present and future studies.
“attitudes of the Spanish Police Towards Patients With Schizophrenia or Depressive Disorders”
Authors: Mengual-Pujante Miguel , Morán-Sánchez Inés , Luna-Ruiz Aurelio , Pérez-Cárceles María-Dolores 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Police officers have become an important part of psychiatric patients´ care; however, few studies have assessed the Police´s attitudes toward these patients. Our aim is to analyze the effect of the stigma associated with different mental illnesses on police officers.Methods: the attitudes of 927 officers of the Spanish National Police Force towards a person with schizophrenia or depressive disorder in the role of person in need of assistance, victim, witness, or suspect, were assessed by means of the Attribution Questionnaire adapted to the police context. Different socio-demographic variables were also collected. Results: Police officers expressed more willingness to help, felt more pity and considered psychiatric patients to be less responsible for their situation than people who were not described as being mentally ill. They also showed increased feelings of anger and avoidance, greater danger perception and need for segregation and coercion for medical treatment, especially in schizophrenia. Being a woman, the elderly and having more working experience, are associated with less stigmatizing attitudes among officers. Conclusions: Police officers have certain attitudes about mental illness particularly schizophrenia, that require special attention, as they may disrupt police action. We found several factors associated with the persistence of these stigmatizing attitudes in the Police that can guide us to implement training programs to promote attitude changing especially at the beginning of the professional career.
Healthcare Costs of Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Denmark – Hospital Treated Versus Primary Care Only
Authors: Lykkegaard Jesper , Nielsen Jesper Bo , Storsveen Maria Munch , Jarbøl Dorte Ejg , Søndergaard Jens 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Many patients are treated for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in primary care but have never received COPD treatment in secondary care. They are seldom included in COPD cost studies but may account for a substantial proportion of the total costs.Objective: To estimate and specify the total healthcare costs of patients treated for COPD in Denmark comparing those who have- and have not had COPD treatment in secondary care.Setting: Denmark, population 5.7 million citizens.Methods: Via national registers, we specified the total healthcare costs of all +30-years-old current users of respiratory pharmaceuticals. We then compared those with at least one episode of hospital treatment for COPD (=secondary-care) to those with no hospital treatment for COPD but who redeem prescriptions specifically for COPD (=primary-care-only).Results: Among totally 329,428 users of respiratory drugs, we identified 46,084 with secondary-care- and 68,471 with primary-care-only COPD. Primary-care-only accounted for 40% of the two groups’ total healthcare costs. The age- and gender-adjusted coefficient relating the individual total costs secondary-care versus primary-care-only was 2.19. The individual costs ranged widely and overlapped considerably (p25-75: secondary-care 2,175€ - 12,625€, primary-care-only 1,110€ - 4,350€). Hospital treatment accounted for most of the total cost (secondary-care 78%, primary-care-only 62%; coefficient 2.81), pharmaceuticals (secondary-care 16%, primary-care-only 27%; coefficient 1.28), and primary care costs (secondary-care 6%, primary-care-only 11%; coefficient 1.13).Conclusion: Healthcare cost estimators and planners should consider the substantial volume of patients who are treated for COPD in primary care, but do not appear in hospital statistics.
Synthesis of BiSI/Ag2CO3 Composite Material for Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B under Visible Light
Authors: Zhang Rui , chen ziyin , Zhao Chen , Zeng Kunlin , Cai Lu , Yu Junrong , Yang Ze , Jiang Jiacheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A novel binary BiSI/Ag2CO3 photocatalyst with excellent visible light-driven photocatalytic performance was prepared. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The photocatalytic activity of the samples were evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B(RhB) under the irradiation of visible light. The results showed that the BiSI improves the photocatalytic activity of BiSI/Ag2CO3. Moreover, when the mass ratio of BiSI in BiSI/Ag2CO3 composites was 40%, the as-prepared BiSI/Ag2CO3 composite exhibited the best photocatalytic activity for degrading RhB. Finally, the possible mechanism for photodegradation over the BiSI/Ag2CO3 composites is also proposed.
Dynamic Behaviors of Soliton Solutions for a Three-Coupled Lakshmanan-Porsezian-Daniel Model
Authors: Hu Beibei , Lin Ji , Zhang Ling 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we use the Riemann-Hilbert (RH) approach to examine the integrable three-coupled Lakshmanan-Porsezian-Daniel (LPD) model, which describe the dynamics of alpha helical protein with the interspine coupling at the fourth-order dispersion term. Through the spectral analysis of Lax pair, we construct the higher order matrix RH problem for the three-coupled LPD model, when the jump matrix of this particular RH problem is a 4×4 unit matrix, the exact N-soliton solutions of the three-coupled LPD model can be exhibited. As special examples, we also investigate the nonlinear dynamical behaviors of the single-soliton, two-soliton, three-soliton and breather soliton solutions. Finally, an integrable generalized N-component LPD model with its linear spectral problem is discussed.
Silicon on-chip Electro-optic Modulation With Ito Film Stacks
Authors: Lotkov Evgeniy S. , Baburin Alexander S. , Ryzhikov Ilya A. , Sorokina Olga S. , Ivanov Anton I. , Zverev Alexander V. , Bykov Igor V. , Baryshev Alexander V. , Panfilov Yuri V. , Rodionov Ilya A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Indium tin oxide (ITO) platform is one of the promising solutions towards state-of-the-art integrated optical modulators for silicon photonics applications. We demonstrate the way to obtain both high extinction ratio and low insertion loss electro-optic modulation with ITO-based film stack. By investigating e-beam evaporated 20 nm-thick ITO films with amorphous, heterogeneously crystalline, homogeneously crystalline with hidden coarse grains and pronounced coarsely crystalline structure, a low carrier concentration (from 1·1020 to 2·1020 cm-3) is achieved. The mechanism of oxygen migration in ITO film crystallization is proposed based on morphological features observed under low-energy growth conditions. We compare three electro-optic modulator active elements (current-voltage and optical characteristics) and reach strong ITO dielectric permittivity variation induced by charge accumulation/depletion (Δn = 0.199, Δk = 0.240 at λ = 1550nm under ±16V). Our simulations and experimental results demonstrate the unique potential to create integrated GHz-range electro-optical modulators with sub-db losses.
Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Elevation of Interleukin-1β Secretion in Infection by Sever Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus
Authors: Li Zhifeng , Hu Jianli , Bao Changjun , Gao Chengfeng , Zhang Nan , Cardona Carol J. , Xing Zheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging phlebovirus that causes a hemorrhagic fever known as the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). Inflammasomes are a molecular platform that are assembled to process pro-caspase 1 and subsequently promote secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β/IL-18 for proinflammatory responses induced upon infection. We hypothesize that inflammasome activation and pyroptosis induced in SFTS results in elevated levels of IL-1β/IL-18 responsible for high fever and hemorrhage in the host, characteristic of SFTS. Here we report that IL-1β secretion was elevated in SFTS patients and infected mice and IL-1β levels appeared to be reversibly associated to disease severity and viral load in patients’ blood. Increased caspase-1 activation, IL-1β/IL-18 secretion, cell death, and processing of gasdermin D were detected, indicating that pyroptosis was induced in SFTSV-infected human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs). To characterize the mechanism of pyroptosis induction, we knocked down several NOD-like receptors (NLRs) with respective shRNAs in PBMCs and showed that the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome was critical for processing pro-caspase-1 and pro-IL-1β. Our data with specific inhibitors for NLRP3 and caspase-1 further showed that activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome was key to caspase-1 activation and IL-1β secretion which may be inhibitory to viral replication in PBMCs infected with SFTSV. The findings in this study suggest that the activation of the NLPR3 inflammasome and pyroptosis, leading to IL-1β/IL-18 secretion during the SFTSV infection, could play important roles in viral pathogenesis and host protection. Pyroptosis as part of innate immunity might be essential in proinflammatory responses and pathogenicty in humans infected with this novel phlebovirus.
Analysis of Temperature Characteristics of High-speed Rail Bearings based on Dynamics Model and Thermal Network Method
Authors: Wang Bao-sen , Liu Yongqiang , Zhang Bin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper establishes a dynamics model of the axle box bearing of high-speed trains. The model can obtain contact force and its change law. Between rollers and raceway when the bearing contains outer ring faults, inner ring faults, and rolling element faults. Based on the model, the thermal network method is introduced to study the temperature characteristics of axle box bearings of high-speed trains. In this model, the bearing can be divided into some isothermal nodes. The heat generation, conduction, and dispersion of these isothermal nodes can be solved. The results show that the temperature of the contact point between the outer ring raceway and the rolling elements is the highest. By analyzing the relationship between the node and the speed and fault size, it is obtained that the higher the speed, the higher the node temperature. When the fault size increases, the node temperature first increases and then decreases.
Quality and Efficacy of Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) Quality Assessment Tools and Discussion Checklists: A Systematic Review
Authors: Brown George T F , Bekker Hilary L , Young Alastair L 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
MDT discussion is the gold standard for cancer care in the UK. With the incidence of cancer on the rise, demand for MDT discussion is increasing. The need for efficiency, whilst maintaining high standards, is therefore clear. Paper-based MDT quality assessment tools and discussion checklists may represent a practical method of monitoring and improving MDT practice. This reviews aims to describe and appraise these tools, as well as consider their value to quality improvement.
Methods
Medline, EMBASE and PsycInfo were searched using pre-defined terms. The PRISMA model was followed throughout. Studies were included if they described the development of a relevant tool, or if an element of the methodology further informed tool quality assessment. To investigate efficacy, studies using a tool as a method of quality improvement in MDT practice were also included. Study quality was appraised using the COSMIN risk of bias checklist or the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, depending on study type.
Results
The search returned 6888 results. 17 studies were included. In total 6 tools were identified. Overall, methodological quality in tool development was adequate to very good for assessed aspects of validity and reliability. Clinician feedback was positive. In one study, the introduction of a discussion checklist improved MDT ability to reach a decision from 82.2–92.7%. Improvement was also noted in the quality of information presented and the quality of teamwork.
Conclusions
Several tools for assessment and guidance of MDTs are available. Although limited, current evidence indicates sufficient rigour in their development and their potential for quality improvement.