bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design thinking: Critical analysis and future evolution
Authors: Verganti Roberto , Dell’Era Claudio , Swan Kenneth Scott 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe importance of design as a source of value creation has been studied for decades. In the late 90s, however, a specific approach in the practice of design achieved a rapid diffusion across organizations: Design Thinking. This is a formal method for creative problem solving characterized by user‐centeredness, ideation, and iterative prototyping. The rapid diffusion of Design Thinking in practice has not been coupled with similarly rapid and robust development of its theoretical underpinnings. Most contributions have been inward‐oriented toward a confined community of scholars; therefore, the scientific discourse on Design Thinking has unfolded in a vacuum—often independently from other innovation management theories. The consequence has been that Design Thinking is often confused (especially among those new to the field) with the entire practice of design. Subsequently, we still lack an understanding on whether, why, and when Design Thinking contributes to innovation. In this editorial, we discuss the journey to the Special Issue “Design Thinking and Innovation Management: Matches, Mismatches and Future Avenues” that intends to critically reflect and enrich the scientific debate around Design Thinking. First, we aim at clarifying the distinction between “design” and “Design Thinking.” The former is a practice, to be studied; the latter is a paradigm, that is, a set of specific principles, methods, and tools to practice design. Second, we offer a brief overview of the community that has been investigating Design Thinking, a synthesis of the ten papers included in the Special Issue (distributed across this and the next issue), and show how they contribute to close the theoretical and empirical gaps with innovation studies. Finally, we suggest that the paradigm of Design Thinking is significantly contingent: its diffusion and success have been favored by the emergence of specific contextual conditions (substantially by the ubiquitous diffusion of digital technologies in direct interaction with users). As the context is dramatically shifting again, we wonder whether Design Thinking will keep its relevance and ability to support organizations in addressing the new challenges ahead? We address this question with the support of a contingent framework to position several design paradigms and suggest that the context ahead, where problems have multiple stakeholders and are undefined, will require the emergence of new paradigms characterized by a systemic (rather than user‐centered) and reflective (rather than ideative) practice. We therefore propose a few research questions that will hopefully encourage and shape future scholarly efforts into the study of the design practice for innovation in organizations.
Usefulness of cardiac biomarker screening to detect dilated cardiomyopathy in Dobermanns
Authors: Dukes‐McEwan J. , Garven K. E. , Lopez Alvarez J. , Oliveira P. , Motskula P. F. , Willis R. 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesTo assess the diagnostic accuracy of two cardiac biomarker assays (N‐terminal pro‐BNP , Troponin I) in detecting dilated cardiomyopathy in Dobermanns.Materials and MethodsDobermanns undergoing cardiac biomarker testing were screened by echocardiography and Holter monitoring, then assigned to a group: normal, equivocal, arrhythmia form of dilated cardiomyopathy, echocardiographic form of dilated cardiomyopathy or both. Some were reassessed to identify final status. Initial cardiac biomarker results were compared to final status. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to identify area under the curve and corresponding sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp) for different cut‐offs (CO) for each cardiac biomarker.ResultsA total of 118 Dobermanns with cardiac biomarker data had echocardiography/Holter assessment. Repeat assessment was carried out in 47 Dobermanns after 394.5 ±151.0 days. Seventeen dogs changed group between initial and final status. The final status of 59 was normal, nine were equivocal and 50 had dilated cardiomyopathy (prevalence 42.4%). Of the dilated cardiomyopathy group, 25 had dilated cardiomyopathy‐both, 13 dilated cardiomyopathy‐echocardiography and 12 dilated cardiomyopathy‐Holter. Receiver operating characteristic area under the curve=0.807 for N‐terminal proBNP (Se 0.69 and Sp 0.81) and 0.873 for high‐sensitivity cardiac Troponin I (Se 0.77 and Sp 0.86). When both Se and Sp were optimised for all forms of dilated cardiomyopathy, N‐terminal proBNP cut‐off was 626 pmol/L (Se and Sp 0.79) and high‐sensitivity cardiac Troponin I cut‐off was 0.056 ng/mL (Se and Sp 0.84). Receiver operating characteristic area under the curve was higher for dilated cardiomyopathy‐echocardiography (NT‐proBNP 0.883; high‐sensitivity cardiac Troponin I 0.907) than dilated cardiomyopathy‐Holter.Clinical SignificanceCardiac biomarker screening may be useful to select Dobermanns which would benefit from further assessment by echocardiography and Holter.
Does race matter? An examination of defendant race on legal decision making in the context of actuarial violence risk assessments
Authors: Davis Riley M. , Batastini Ashley B. , Sacco Donald , Dahlen Eric R. , Jones Ashley C. T. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPurposeThere is no doubt that racial biases contribute to the overrepresentation of people of colour in the justice system. Specialized violence risk tools are meant to increase the objectivity with which certain legal decisions are made. However, the degree to which racial biases influence risk‐related decisions remains unclear despite the use of these tools.MethodsThis study examined whether a hypothetical defendant's race would influence the risk‐related perceptions and decisions of 280 jury‐eligible participants in the United States when presented with expert opinions concerning the defendant's likelihood of future violence. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions that varied the identified race of the defendant (i.e., Black, White, or not reported).ResultsParticipants reported their perceptions about the defendant's likelihood of violence, desired social distance from the defendant, and the severity of punishment they would recommend. Contrary to hypotheses, there were no statistically significant effects of defendant race on risk decisions, suggesting that expert testimony may have mitigated the influence of race. However participants higher in explicit racial bias were more likely to perceive a Black defendant as higher risk; no association between racial attitudes and risk perception emerged in the other defendant conditions.ConclusionsLimitations and future directions for research, including methods for increasing external validity, assessing impression management, and diversifying demographics, are discussed. In the current socio‐political climate, it is imperative that forensic psychological research continue to explore the ways in which racial biases may lead to inequitable psycho‐legal decisions.
The new therapeutic option for female stress and stress‐predominant mixed urinary incontinence: Periurethral hypertonic saline (10%) injection
Authors: Tahtali Ibrahim Nuvit , Yildiz Turan , Dincer Muhammed Murat 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of periurethral hypertonic saline (10% NaCl) injection in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and stress‐predominant mixed urinary incontinence (S‐MUI) in women.MethodsThis was a prospective study conducted between January 2014 and April 2018 with 64 women (44 SUI and 21 S‐MUI). Patients with SUI and S‐MUI were evaluated using the Urinary Distress Inventory 6. Quality of life was evaluated with the Incontinence Quality of Life Scale and lower urinary tract symptoms of the women were evaluated with the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Modules. Incontinence status and treatment success were assessed via the Stamey incontinence grade and pad test.ResultsThe subjective success rate was 58.5%, and the objective success rate was 81.5%. The rate of reinjection was 21.5%, and the mean duration of reinjection was 8.92 months (3‐19 months). Minor adverse effects were observed in 30.4% of the 79 injections. International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Modules and Incontinence Quality of Life Scale scores improved remarkably starting from the first month. Urinary Distress Inventory 6 scores in the S‐MUI group also improved.ConclusionsThe results indicate that hypertonic saline injection is an effective and safe method in the treatment of SUI and S‐MUI. Since hypertonic saline is a much cheaper and more accessible substance compared to bulking agents, it seems to be a viable alternative for urinary incontinence treatment in women.
Restoring Rotation Center in Total Hip Arthroplasty for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip with the Assistance of Three Dimensional Printing Technology: A Pilot Study
Authors: Zhang Heng , Guan Jian‐zhong , Zhang Zheng , Chen Xiao‐tian , Ma Xiao‐dong , Zhao Jian‐ning , Zhou Jian‐sheng 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveTo develop a new method to restore hip rotation center exactly and rapidly in total hip arthroplasty (THA) with the assistance of three dimensional (3D) printing technology and evaluate its clinical and radiological outcomes.MethodsFrom March 2014 to July 2018, a total of 17 patients (five hips of four men and 16 hips of 13 women) with end‐stage osteoarthritis secondary to developmental dysplasia of the hip who underwent THA were analyzed and followed up retrospectively. The average age is 58.00 ± 8.12 years (range from 45 to 71 years). Simulated operations were performed on 3D printed hip models for preoperative planning. The morphology of Harris fossa and acetabular notches were recognized and restored to locate the acetabular center. The size of bone defect was measured by the bone wax method. The agreement on the size of acetabular cup and bone defect between simulated operations and actual operations were analyzed. Harris Hip Score (HHS) was used to evaluate the recovery of hip joint function. The vertical distance and horizontal distance of the rotation center on the pelvis plain radiograph were measured, which were used to assess the efficacy of restoring hip rotation center and acetabular cup migration.ResultsThe mean sizes of bone defect in simulated operations and THA were 4.58 ± 2.47 cm2 and 4.55 ± 2.57 cm2 respectively. There was no significant difference statistically between the sizes of bone defect in simulated operations and the actual sizes of bone defect in THA (t = 0.03, P = 0.97). The sizes of the acetabular cup of simulated operations on 3D print models showed a high rate of coincidence with the actual sizes in the operations (ICC = 0.93). All 17 patients were available for clinical and radiological follow‐up. The average follow‐up time was 18.35 ± 6.86 months (range, 12–36 months. The average HHS of the patients was improved from (38.33 ± 6.07) preoperatively to the last follow‐up (88.61 ± 3.44) postoperatively. The mean vertical and horizontal distances of hip rotation center on the pelvic radiographs were restored to 15.12 ± 1.25 mm and 32.49 ± 2.83 mm respectively. No case presented dislocation or radiological signs of loosening until last follow‐up.ConclusionsThe application of 3D printing technology facilitates orthopedists to recognize the morphology of Harris fossa and acetabular notches, locate the acetabular center and restore the hip rotation center rapidly and accurately.
Effect of IL‐35 on apoptosis, adhesion, migration, and activation of eosinophils in allergic rhinitis
Authors: Zeng Qingxiang , Zeng Yinhui , Tang Yiquan , Liu Wenlong , Sun Changzhi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundEosinophils play critical roles in the development of allergic rhinitis (AR) by releasing toxic substance. Interleukin‐35 (IL‐35), a newly identified anti‐inflammatory cytokine, had potent inhibitive role for eosinophil infiltration in allergic disease. However, the direct effect of IL‐35 on eosinophil was not clear.MethodsTwenty AR children and sixteen controls were recruited. The correlation between IL‐35 protein expression and blood eosinophil counts and activation was analyzed. The effect of IL‐35 on eosinophil apoptosis and adhesion was analyzed by flow cytometry. Transwell system was used for the migration assay. The eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) from supernatant of eosinophils after IL‐35 stimulation was detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits.ResultsThe IL‐35 protein levels were negatively correlated with eosinophil counts (p < .01) and ECP concentration (p < .01) in AR children. IL‐35 promotes apoptosis and inhibits adhesion, migration, and activation of eosinophils. Moreover, the mRNA expression of IL‐12 receptor β2 and glycoprotein 130 were significantly enhanced by eosinophils after IL‐35 stimulation. The apoptosis induced by IL‐35 was mediated by phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) pathway. IL‐35 inhibits adhesion of eosinophils through extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) and PI3K pathways. The eosinophil chemotaxis and activation affected by IL‐35 were mediated by PI3K and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways.ConclusionOur results confirmed that IL‐35 played inhibitive roles in apoptosis, adhesion, migration, and activation of eosinophils in AR, implying that IL‐35 may be used as treatment target in future.
BGvar: A comprehensive resource for blood group immunogenetics
Authors: Rophina Mercy , Pandhare Kavita , Jadhao Sudhir , Nagaraj Shivashankar H. , Scaria Vinod 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundBlood groups form the basis of effective and safe blood transfusion. There are about 43 well‐recognised human blood group systems presently known. Blood groups are molecularly determined by the presence of specific antigens on the red blood cells and are genetically determined and inherited following Mendelian principles. The lack of a comprehensive, relevant, manually compiled and genome‐ready dataset of red cell antigens limited the widespread application of genomic technologies to characterise and interpret the blood group complement of an individual from genomic datasets.Materials and MethodsA range of public datasets was used to systematically annotate the variation compendium for its functionality and allele frequencies across global populations. Details on phenotype or relevant clinical importance were collated from reported literature evidence.ResultsWe have compiled the Blood Group Associated Genomic Variant Resource (BGvar), a manually curated online resource comprising all known human blood group related allelic variants including a total of 1700 International Society of Blood Transfusion approved alleles and 1706 alleles predicted and curated from literature reports. This repository includes 1682 single nucleotide variations (SNVs), 310 Insertions, Deletions (InDels) and Duplications (Copy Number Variations) and about 1360 combination mutations corresponding to 43 human blood group systems and 2 transcription factors. This compendium also encompasses gene fusion and rearrangement events occurring in human blood group genes.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, BGvar is a comprehensive and a user‐friendly resource with most relevant collation of blood group alleles in humans. BGvar is accessible online at URL: http://clingen.igib.res.in/bgvar/
Short‐term high‐dose intravenous iron reduced peri‐operative transfusion after staggered bilateral total knee arthroplasty: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Park Hee‐Sun , Bin Seong‐Il , Kim Ha‐Jung , Kim Tae‐Yop , Kim Jiyoung , Kim Hyungtae , Ro Youngjin , Koh Won Uk 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesStaggered bilateral total knee arthroplasty, two procedures performed 4–7 days apart during a single hospitalization, has an increased risk of blood transfusion. This observational study aimed to evaluate whether immediate post‐operative single, high‐dose intravenous iron supplementation could reduce transfusion requirements and facilitate anaemia recovery in patients.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analysed 131 patients who underwent staggered bilateral total knee arthroplasty. The ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) group received 1000 mg of FCM after the first operation. The non‐FCM group did not receive intravenous iron. The transfusion rate and post‐operative complications were compared between the groups. The anaemia rate was evaluated pre‐operatively, during hospitalization, and 5 weeks after the second total knee arthroplasty.ResultsThe FCM group comprised 78 patients (59.5%). The rate (21.8% vs. 47.2%, p = 0.004) and amount of transfusion (0 [0–2] vs. 0 [0–0], p = 0.001) was significantly lower in the FCM group than in the non‐FCM group. Although both groups' pre‐operative haemoglobin concentrations were not significantly different, the FCM group demonstrated higher haemoglobin values 5 weeks post surgery (12.25 ± 0.83 mg/dl vs. 11.48 ± 1.36 mg/dl, p < 0.001). More non‐FCM patients developed moderate to severe anaemia at 5 weeks post surgery (p < 0.001). The mortality and complication rates were not significantly different.ConclusionsImmediate post‐operative, high‐dose, intravenous iron treatment may contribute to reduced transfusion rates, facilitate haemoglobin recovery after staggered bilateral total knee arthroplasty, and minimize the development of moderate to severe anaemia.
Identification of the circ_PRKDC/miR‐20a‐3p/RASA1 axis in regulating HaCaT keratinocyte migration
Authors: Jiang Li‐na , Ji Xiaohui , Liu Wei , Qi Chuanchuan , Zhai Xiaomei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMigration of keratinocytes plays a crucial role in the re‐epithelialization phase during wound healing. Circular RNA (circRNA) protein kinase, DNA‐activated, catalytic subunit (circ_PRKDC, hsa_circ_0084443) has been identified as a regulator of keratinocyte migration. However, the molecular basis governing it remains unclear. The levels of circ_PRKDC, microRNA (miR)‐20a‐3p, and RAS p21 protein activator 1 (RASA1) were assessed by quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) or western blot. Subcellular localization, Actinomycin D, and Ribonuclease (RNase) R assays were performed to characterise circ_PRKDC. Cell migration was gauged by transwell and wound‐healing assays. A direct relationship between miR‐20a‐3p and circ_PRKDC or RASA1 was verified by dual‐luciferase reporter and RNA pull‐down assays. Circ_PRKDC expression was reduced in wound skin during wound healing. Circ_PRKDC modulated migration of HaCaT keratinocytes. Mechanistically, circ_PRKDC directly targeted miR‐20a‐3p. The regulation of circ_PRKDC on HaCaT keratinocyte migration was mediated by miR‐20a‐3p. RASA1 was identified as a direct and functional target of miR‐20a‐3p, and miR‐20a‐3p‐mediated inhibition of RASA1 impacted HaCaT keratinocyte migration. Circ_PRKDC acted as a post‐transcriptional modulator of RASA1 expression through miR‐20a‐3p. Moreover, circ_PRKDC modulated migration of HaCaT keratinocytes by RASA1. Our findings demonstrated a novel molecular basis, the miR‐20a‐3p/RASA1 axis, for the regulation of circ_PRKDC on HaCaT keratinocyte migration.
A Model-Based FDD Approach for an EHA Using Updated Interactive Multiple Model SVSF
Authors: Saeedzadeh Ahsan , Habibi Saeid , Alavi Marjan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ubiquitous applications, especially in harsh environments and with strict safety requirements, make Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) in hydraulic actuators an imperative concern for the industry. Model-based FDD uses estimation strategies, including observers and filters as estimation tools. In these methods, observability is a limiting factor in information extraction and parameter estimation for most applications such as in fluid power systems. To address the observability problem, adaptive strategies like Interactive Multiple Model (IMM) estimation have proven to be effective. In this paper a computationally efficient form of IMM referred to as the Updated IMM (UIMM) is used and applied to an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA) for FDD. The UIMM is suited to fault conditions that are irreversible, meaning that if a fault happens it will persist in the system. In essence the UIMM follows through a progression of models that in line with the progression of the fault condition in lieu of having all models being considered at the same time (as is the case for IMM). Hence, UIMM significantly reduces the number of models running in parallel and at the same time. This has two major advantages which are higher computational efficiency and avoiding combinatorial explosion. The state and parameters estimation strategies that is used in conjunction with UIMM is the Variable Boundary Layer Smooth Variable Structure Filter (VBL-SVSF). The VBL SVSF is a robust optimal estimation strategy that is more stable than the Kalman Filter in relation to system and modeling uncertainties. The UIMM method is validated by simulation of fault conditions on an EHA.
Blade Control for Surface Profile Tracking by Heavy-Duty Bulldozers
Authors: Mononen Teemu , Mattila Jouni , Kolu Antti 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The bulldozer is a heavy-duty earthmoving machine used in ground surface profiling and soil manipulation. Tracking the desired surface gradients with the hydraulically actuated manipulator while compensating for the mobile base motion is important in high-performance surface grading and traction control. In this paper, we present an approach for surface elevation tracking control for earthmoving work done by bulldozers using inertial measurement units (IMUs) and roof mounted global navigation satellite system (GNSS) antennas. We use mapping between the desired surface profile and hydraulic actuator velocities using the elevation surface and its gradient, the mobile manipulator Jacobian, and mobile base pose estimation by the extended Kalman filter (EKF) framework. With the proposed method, a relatively simple low-level actuator space control scheme can produce sufficient accuracy in varying elevation requirements besides leveling work. In an experimental setup, flat and uneven surface profiles were followed with average errors below 2 cm computed using kinematics. An external GNSS survey gave a coarse verification of the actual surface profile, showing average errors below 4 cm. This paper demonstrates a blade controller on a heavy-duty tracked vehicle with high manipulator inertia, hydraulic dynamics, and body vibrations. The experimental results validate the efficacy of the proposed method, also revealing the needs for further development.
Analysis of Cavitation Characteristics of High Temperature Fuel Piston Pump in the Process of Suction and Discharge
Authors: Wang Tianzhao , Jiao Hongyi , Ma Xingjia , Ouyang Xiaoping , Zhang Heran 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The fuel piston pump is the core power component of the aircraft engine fuel control system. The key technology of improving the reliability of the pump is the suppressing of the cavitation at the interface between the valve plate and the cylinder block. This article aims to solve the problem of cavitation caused by high temperature in the process of suction and discharge. The theoretical model of cavitation related to the interface is established. The influence of different working conditions and valve plate structures are considered, and the performance such as gas volume fraction and pulsation are analyzed separately. A new valve plate with combined damping groove is proposed. A hydraulic system test rig to verify the performance of the pump is built. In summary, the results of simulation and test show that the new combined damping groove effectively suppress the cavitation at the interface under high temperature. The non-cavitation time of the fuel piston pump is extended from 20h to 450h, which significantly improves its reliability.