bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MDCTA volumetric analysis for the quantification and grading of acute non-cerebral, non-gastrointestinal hemorrhage. A feasibility study.
Authors: Spiliopoulos Stavros , Theodosis Antonios , Palialexis Konstantinos , Efthimiou Evgenia , Reppas Lazaros , Argentos Stylianos , Filippiadis Dimitrios , Kelekis Nikolaos , Brountzos Elias 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives To assess the feasibility of Multi-Detector Computed Tomography Angiography (MDCTA) volumetry for the quantification and grading of acute non-cerebral, non-gastrointestinal bleeding.Methods This retrospective, single-center, study investigated consecutive patients with MDCTA positive for active non-cerebral, non-gastrointestinal bleeding, between January 2020 and June 2020. Outcome measures were the quantification of active extravasation at the arterial and parenchymal phase using volumetry measurements, the calculation of active bleeding rate and bleeding grading, 30-day mortality rate, identification of independent predictors of mortality and correlation between volumetric analysis, various clinical features and the decision to proceed with an intervention.Results In total 30 patients (17 females; 56.6%; mean age 70.0±16.0 years) were analyzed. Volumetric analysis was feasible in all cases resulting in excellent inter-observer variability (interclass correlation coefficient 0.999 for arterial and 0.919 for venous volume measurements). Mean volume of contrast extravasation was 1.06±1.09ml and 3.07±2.48 ml at the arterial and parenchymal phases, respectively. Mean bleeding rate was 6.95±7.82 ml/min. High bleeding volume at arterial phase (grade 4 bleeding) was the only independent predictor of 30-day mortality (HR 1383.58; p=0.042). There was a positive correlation between bleeding volume at arterial phase (rs= 0.340; p=0.033) and arterial bleeding rate (rs= 0.381; p=0.019) with the decision to proceed with an intervention. Bleeding volume of 0.6ml was the cutoff value for the prediction of intervention (sensitivity 96.3%; specificity 66.7%).Conclusions MDCTA volumetric analysis for the quantification and grading of acute hemorrhage was feasible with excellent inter-observer agreement. The proposed bleeding grading system could optimize decision making and predict clinical outcomes.
Fabrication of A novel polyvinylpyrrolidone/abeitic acid hydrogel by gamma irradiation for the recovery of Zn, Co, Mn and Ni from aqueous acidic solution
Authors: Masry Botros A. , Elhady Mohamed A. , Mousaa Issa M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As heavy metals are a group of pollutants that originate from industrial and nuclear facilities has become of major concern in the aquatic environment due to their toxicity to all living organisms. In this context; this study was aimed to prepare sustainable and efficient hydrogel for the removal of heavy metals such as Co, Ni, Zn and Mn from aqueous acidic solution. The polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/abietic acid (AA) hydrogel were prepared by gamma irradiation at 50 kGy. The characterization of PVP/AA hydrogel were investigated by water absorbancy, gel content, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The characterizations indicate that bio-sorbent composite hydrogel networks provide advantageous over conventional preparation techniques. PVP/AA hydrogel was implanted for batch process with studying the effect different parameters on the sorption of the investigated metal ions such as radiation dose; pH, contact time, metal ions, V/m and temperature. The results illustrate that the highest uptake% was obtained at radiation dose 30 kGy at optimum pH = 3. The maximum adsorption capacity of PVP-AA adsorbent was reached 32, 32.5,19 and 32.5 mg.g− 1 for Zn(II), Co(III), Ni (III) and Mn(II) ions respectively. The changes in the values of free energy (ΔG) and enthalpy (ΔH) confirm the spontaneous nature of the adsorption reaction with an endothermic process. The maximum desorption of the investigated metal ions was achieved with 1 M HNO3 of (97%, 98%, 70% and 60%) and takes the order: Co > Ni > Zn > Mn. The highest separation factor for Zn/Co = 26 and Zn/Ni = 8.6 at pH = 0.75.
Factors influencing Research Engagement among Medical students in the United Kingdom (REMED-UK): protocol for a prospective, observational, national, multi-centre questionnaire - study
Authors: Osunronbi Temidayo , Adeboye William , Faluyi David , George Jasmine , Sofela Agbolahan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction: There has been a decline in the number of academic clinicians in the UK. Also, there is sex and ethnic inequalities in research opportunities amongst UK clinicians. The decision to get involved in research as a clinician is usually made as a medical student. Hence, this study aims to investigate the factors affecting UK medical students’ involvement in research, and to understand their perceptions of research, motivation for and the barriers to their engagement in research.Methods: This study is a prospective, observational, national, multi-centre study that will utilise an online questionnaire using the QualtricsTM survey tool. Medical students that are at least 18 years old and enrolled in a UK medical school in the 2020/21 academic year are eligible to partake in this study. The following data will be collected: demographic, research experience, research perception, research self-efficacy, motivation, and barriers to engaging in research. The outcome measures are: number of research projects, publications, presentations, and successful grant applications.Conclusion: This study will produce evidence-based reports that will guide UK medical schools and relevant organisations in developing resources and programmes that will increase the number of future academic clinicians and resolve inequalities in research opportunities and engagement amongst future clinicians.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) information content in the diagnosis of type 1 choroidal neovascularization combined with pigment epithelium detachment
Authors: Neroev V. V. , Ryabina M. V. , Sarygina A. P. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose of the study is to determine the reliability of OCT angiography in the diagnosis of type 1 choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in wet age-related macular degeneration depending on the height of pigment epithelium detachment (PED).Material and methods. The study included 82 patients (114 eyes) with confirmed type 1 CNV, who were examined using spectral OCT and OCTA. The patients were divided into two groups depending on PED height: group 1 consisted of 69 eyes with PED height less than 300 μm, while group 2 (45 eyes) had PED height of more than 300 μm. A separate comparative analysis of the visualization of pathological vessels was made in a group of untreated patients (56 eyes) and a group of patients (58 eyes) treated with angiogenesis inhibitors.Results. In group 1 with a PED height less than 300 μm (167.0 ± 60.4 μm) OCTA detected blood flow along abnormal vessels in 100 % of cases. In group 2 with a PED height above 300 μm (484.7 ± 131.9 μm) CNV vessels were visualized in 24.4 % of eyes. The PED height of patients after intravitreal injections of angiogenesis inhibitors (IVI IA) ranged from 38 to 683 μm (221 ± 133 μm). According to OCTA visualization of type 1 CNV vasculature was noted in 55 eyes (94.8 %). In patients who received no antiangiogenic therapy, with a PED height 59 - 800 μm (238 ± 149 μm) CNV was visualized in 41 % of cases (23 eyes).Conclusion. OCTA showed high reliability in the diagnosis of type 1 CNV with low PED. This method was significantly less informative when the height of the neovascular PED exceeded 300 μm, with the exception of PED after IVI IA.
Role of emollients in the prevention of skin diseases in young children
Authors: Tamrazova Olga B. , Dubovets Nataliya F. , Tamrazova Anait V. , Seleznev Sergey P. 
Published: March 2021

Epidermis plays an important role in protecting the body from negative environmental influences. The horny layer plays a special role in carrying out these functions. Skin defense mechanisms are multistage and include 5 protective barriers responsible for maintaining the integrity and performing the main functions of the skin. The first one is a microbial barrier – determined by commensal flora which prevents contamination of pathogenic microorganisms; the second one is a physical barrier preventing mechanical skin damage, penetration of allergens and microorganisms; the third one is a chemical barrier achieved by forming pH and components of natural moisturizing factor as well as epidermal lipids; the fourth one – immune barrier – Langerhans cells, tissue basophils, lymphocytes etc.;the fifth is the neurosensory barrier – numerous nerve endings transmitting signals of skin integrity damage and controlling metabolic processes and homeostasis maintenance. Epidermal barrier of newborns and infants is imperfect and differs in its structure and functional activity from that of adults. Children’s skin is prone to excessive dryness, irritation, allergic reactions and inflammation. For young children, it is very important to minimize the risk of these manifestations. Individual selection and use of emollients in the basic care of infants promotes the functional stability of five protective «frontiers» of the epidermal barrier: prevents skin damage when exposed to unfavorable environmental factors, reduces TEWL, supports the normal microbiome, has antipruritic and anti-inflammatory action. Modern emollients restore the hydrolipidic layer of the epidermis and prevent the development of dermatitis and skin infection in children. An important role when choosing an emollient is played by its texture, which can be represented by a lotion, cream, balm, ointment. Chemically, creams, lotions and balms are emulsions, i.e. they consist of two immiscible components – fat (oil) and water. In this case, one of the components is in the other in the form of tiny droplets. Most skin diseases faced by young children are related to the integrity of the epidermis, which is why daily care should be primarily focused on protecting the skin barrier
Experience of using a complex bioregulatory drug in young children
Authors: Vakhitov Khakim M. , Makhmutiva Alina G. , Vakhitova Lilia F. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The paper presents modern insights into the pathogenesis and role of inflammatory reactions in the developmentof the respiratory pathology. The safety and high potential of the use of complex bioregulatory drugs as elements of pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy of the respiratory diseases have been substantiated. The authors present the results of their own clinical observations on the use of a complex bioregulatory drug as an anti-inflammatory agent to treat acute respiratory diseases in young children.Clinical case 1. The observation included 102 children aged 1 to 3 years with the symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection, who underwent outpatient treatment. 53 children of them received a complex bioregulatory drug as a symptomatic antiinflammatory and antipyretic therapy according to the treatment regimen set out in the patient information leaflet. The comparison group consisted of 49 children, who received acetaminophen derivatives to relieve the similar symptoms at least once per day. The findings showed that the bioregulatory drug, when used according to the treatment regimen, effectively relieved the symptoms of fever in 46 children (87%), the same indicator in the comparison group was 44 children (89%) (p > 0.05%).Clinical case 2.We observed 26 children aged 9 to 18 months with teething syndrome, which was treated with a bioregulatory drug as a symptomatic therapy. The therapy lasted 3 to 7 days. The results showed that the bioregulatory drug effectively relieved the whole complex of teething symptoms.Сonclusion. Viburcol has been shown to be highly effective as an antipyretic agent, as well as a drug to relieve symptoms during teething. No children who used the drug showed side effects. The authors advise the widespread use of complex bioregulatory drugs in routine paediatric practice.
Practical aspects of prescribing antiparkinsonian drugs. The place of amantadines in the management of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Titova N. V. , Portupeev A. A. 
Published: March 2021

Treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) includes the administration of dopaminergic and occasionally non-dopaminergic drugs, in mono- or in combination therapy. One of the key drug used to treat Parkinson’s disease is levodopa considered a gold standard. In addition levodopa can also be used as a challenge test to confirm the accuracy of diagnosis of PD known as the “Levodopa challenge test”. However many non levodopa class of drugs are also used and consist of dopamine agonists (ADRs), MAO-B and COMT inhibitors, as well as drugs working on glutamate such as a group of drug with NMDA receptor inhibitor activity (amantadines). The successful treatment of PD therefore depends on the correct choice of drugs to initiate treatment and sustainance of such therapy. The main parameters for personolised treatment include the patient’s age, severity and pattern of motor deficit, the state of cognitive function and lifestyle. Levodopa, although the most effective, is almost invariably associated with motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. Before prescribing levodopa, in addition to MAO-B inhibitors and ADRs, amantadines can be used as a monotherapy. Once replacement of therapy is required, then it is necessary to use a coefficient to calculate an equivalent dose of levodopa known as the levodopa equivalent dose. Progression of PD is inevitable inspite of adequate symptomatic therapy and at the advanced stage of PD approaches for the management of motor complications of levodopa need to be considered. For motor fluctuations these strategies require a change in the dosage regimen of levodopa (daily dose and frequency of intake), as well as the addition of an adjunct drug – ADRs, MAO-B inhibitor or COMT inhibitor. When dyskinesias arise, the management depends on correct identification of the type of dyskiensias. The commonest type of dyskinesia is peak dose dyskinesias related to peak plasma levodopa levels after intake. Amantadine provides a quick and long-lasting antidyskinetic effect which has been confirmed in open label as well as double-blind placebo-controlled studies. Compared to аmantadine chloride, amantadine sulfate has more stable pharmacokinetic parameters and a better safety profile. In addition, parenteral administration of amantadine sulfate can be utilized for severely ill patients with akinetic crisis in PD. Amantadine also has a broad spectrum effect and these may include improvement of fatigue and apathy. Some data also suggest that the use of amantadine in patients may increase life expectancy, improve survival and reduce the risk of dementia.
Podstępne wprowadzenie w błąd (kan. 1098 KPK) w opublikowanych orzeczeniach Roty Rzymskiej z lat 2010-2012
Authors: Góralski Wojciech 
Published: March 2021

The subject of this study is the jurisprudence of the Roman Rota Court regarding deceptive misleading (canon 1098 CIC) from 2010-2012, contained in Decisione seu sententiae. During this period, the title of marriage annulment was included in twelve judgments; ten of them have been published.
The analysis of rotating sentences was presented in the following thematic areas: deceptive misleading as a factor protecting marriage consent; deceptive action; error as a result of deception; the attribute of a person as an object of deceptive action (in genere and in individual judgments); deceptio dolosa prove.
Undoubtedly, the jurisprudence of the Roman Rota also provides for the area of ​​deceptive misleading, the appropriate point of reference in the resolution of nullitatis matrimonii cases by church tribunals of lower degrees of jurisdiction.
Single-cell RNA Sequencing Analysis Identifies Key Genes in Brain Metastasis from Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Zilong , Cui Feifei , Zhou Murong , Wu Song , Zou Quan , Gao Bo 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) is the most common type of lung cancer
and is a subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Approximately 40% of LADC patients experience
brain metastases (BMs) during the course of the disease. In this study, integrated bioinformatics
methods were applied to identify key genes related to brain metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods:
We derived and characterized genes differentially expressed between the primary tumour
and brain metastases using tumour cells isolated from two lung cancer Patient-derived xenografts
(PDX) cases (GSE 69405). Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses
were applied, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and Cytoscape software were utilized
to identify key genes.

Results:
Four key genes, including CKAP4 (Cytoskeleton Associated Protein 4), SERPINA1 (Serpin
Family A Member 1), SDC2 (Syndecan 2) and GNG11 (G Protein Subunit Gamma 11) were
identified for BM-LADC by the Venn diagram.

Conclusion:
We believe these key genes may be potential biomarkers for improved prognosis and
treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
Influenza Viral Infections Surveillance and Clinical Presentations in Hospitalized Children: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Al-Iede Montaha , Sarhan Lena , Abushanab Leen , BaniAhmad Tamara , Almiani Refa , Alyasi Aysha , Khader Shatha , Aleidi Shereen M. , Alqutawneh Basim , Al-Zayadneh Enas 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Influenza virus and other respiratory viruses have been identified as an essential
cause of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children worldwide. However, there are few
data on its frequency and clinical presentation in Jordan.

Objectives:
We aimed to identify the viral etiology of acute respiratory infections and the various
clinical presentations in hospitalized children, especially those with influenza viruses compared to
other respiratory viruses.

Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted at the Jordan University Hospital. All the positive
nasopharyngeal aspirates that were collected from hospitalized children aged 0-19 years from January
2017 to January 2019 were reviewed.

Results:
A total of 338 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) with positive viral serology results were
reviewed. Among the patients younger than four years, the RSV virus was the most frequently detected.
However, the Influenza B virus was the most commonly seen in patients older than 5 years,
H1N1 was more frequent in autumn (29.5%), and RSV was the most frequent virus in winter. Bronchopneumonia
was the most frequent diagnosis among all hospitalized patients, followed by bronchiolitis.
Out of 338 patients, 50.3% had tachypnea, 70.7% of patients were admitted to the pediatric
floor, while 18.6% presented with a severe illness and required admission to the pediatric intensive
care unit (PICU).
Infants under the age of one were more likely to have higher co-infection rates with other viruses
compared to children over five years that had influenza.

Conclusion:
Presentations of influenza and other respiratory viruses vary between different age
groups, such as sepsis in children younger than one year.
Theoretical Basis of Technical-tactical Behavior and its Application in Ultimate Full Contact Training
Authors: Pinto Fernando C. Loio , Neiva Henrique P. , Ferraz Ricardo 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Technical-tactical training has been shown to be relevant to performance in a competition. In this regard, several studies have analysed the efficiency of technical-tactical dynamics in combat sports. However, these researchers have mainly focused on technical efficiency, and therefore more research is needed regarding tactical efficiency. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, there are no published experiential studies on Ultimate Full Contact.

Objective:
This brief review will analyse the theoretical basis of technical-tactical behaviour for training application in Ultimate Full Contact, characterising the modality under cognitive and dynamic-ecological approaches. This knowledge can be transferred and applied to similar modalities, such as Pankration, Free Fight, Shooto, and Mixed Martial Arts (MMA).

Conclusion:
The theoretical technical-tactical knowledge created through competition is essential because it is the only way that improvement in the training process can occur. Ultimate Full Contact is characterised as a combat sport of special complexity and intermitent intensity, where the technical-tactical factors are decisive for the performance while the physical component can be a conditioning factor. A careful regulation between technical-tactical training load and physiological load is essential to obtain adjustable adaptations. Both cognitive and dynamic-ecological approaches should be considered based on the respective training models.
Grieks (aan)leren in de Oudheid
Authors: Van Elst Valerie 
Published: March 2021

The desert of Egypt has brought to light a number of grammatical exerciseswritten on papyrus, which originally circulated in the classroom of the γραμματικός or ancient teacher of Greek grammar. As "direct" sources, theseschool papyri provide us - more than the indirectly transmitted literarysource material - with specific information about daily school practice, aboutthe didactic methods used by teachers and students, and about the contentand purpose of grammatical instruction in Greek antiquity. Moreover, giventheir varied character, they can be subdivided into several types: a series offragmentary preserved grammatical manuals; a set of morphological paradigmsof the verb, the noun, and the pronoun; 2 lists with a phonetic classificationof the letters of the alphabet; a couple of exercises with an elementaryform of syntax; and the inflection of a whole sentence. The present paperseeks to discuss a selection of school texts out of this direct and varied papyrologicalsource material in order to give the reader a short introduction toancient grammatical instruction.
‘Working from Home’ – Recent development trends in terraced housing design in a new suburban township in Malaysia
Authors: Kholid Mohd Fairus , Zaharin Puteri Mayang Bahjah , Kasmuri Kartini , Zahari Yasin Ramadhan 
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 outbreak has caused a massive increase in the number of Malaysians working from home. This scenario has put the living and working gap at disposal, questioning the relevance of the ‘living lifestyle’, particularly in new housing township projects. This paper investigates the culture of working from home (WFH) and its influence on the spatial design of developer-designed terraced housing scheme for a new Suburban Township in Malaysia. Using qualitative observation and comparative analysis between developer’s home buying guide and the show unit, the findings suggest that ‘flexible open volume’ plan created through nooks and openings are the speculative future in promoting working from home. Hence, it advocates developers towards a double-frontage housing township that allows integration of living-working lifestyle as everyone works where they live and not vice-versa.
Keywords: Working from home; Mindfulness; Spatial innovation; Housing development trend
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i16.2728