bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Coronary Artery Spasm after Mitral Valve Replacement and Cox-Maze IV Procedure: a case report
Authors: Lang Qianlei , Li Chunyan , Qin Chaoyi , Meng Wei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Little case was reported about coronary artery spasm after a mitral valve replacement and concomitant Cox-Maze IV procedure. We reported a case of an adult male who develop right coronary artery (RCA) spasm after a mitral valve replacement with tricuspid valve repair and Cox-Maze IV procedure.Case presentation: A 66-year-old male, complaining progressive exertional shortness of breath, was diagnosed as severe mitral stenosis, moderate tricuspid regurgitation, complete right bundle branch block and persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) in our clinic. The patient underwent elective mitral valve replacement, tricuspid valve repair and Cox-Maze IV procedure. 4 h after surgery, a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) showed progressive elevation of ST-segment in the avF and III leads and Troponin-T was over 7000 pg/mL. After 1 h, Troponin-T increased to over 10000 pg/mL and ECG still showed persisted ST-segment elevation in inferior leads. Emergent angiography was performed and intra-coronary administration of nitroglycerin completely relieved the spasm. Conclusions: Potential risks of coronary injury after valvular surgery and Cox-Maze IV procedure need further aggressive investigation and postoperative ischemia should prompt an emergent coronary angiography to identify the cause and apply immediate therapy.
OnTrack Chile for People With Early Psychosis: a Study Protocol for a Hybrid Type 1 Trial
Authors: Mascayano Franco , Bello Iruma , Andrews Howard , Arancibia Diego , Arratia Tamara , Burrone María Soledad , Conover Sarah , Fader Kim , Jorquera Maria Jose , Gomez Mauricio , Malverde Sergio , Martínez-Alés Gonzalo , Ramírez Jorge , Reginatto Gabriel , Restrepo-Henao Alexandra , Rosenheck Robert , Schilling Sara , Smith Thomas E. , Soto-Brandt Gonzalo , Tapia Eric , Tapia Tamara , Velasco Paola , Wall Melanie M. , Yang Lawrence , Cabassa Leopoldo , Susser Ezra , Dixon Lisa , Alvarado Rubén 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Substantial data from high-income countries support early interventions in the form of evidence-based Coordinated Specialty Care (CSC) for people experiencing First Episode Psychosis (FEP) to ameliorate symptoms and minimize disability. Chile is unique among Latin American countries in providing universal access to FEP services through a national FEP policy that mandates identification of FEP individuals in primary care and guarantees delivery of community-based FEP treatments within a public health care system. Nonetheless, previous research has documented that FEP services currently provided at mental health clinics do not provide evidence-based approaches. This proposal aims to address this shortfall by first adapting OnTrackNY (OTNY), a CSC program currently being implemented across the US, into OnTrackChile (OTCH), and then examine its effectiveness and implementation in Chile.Methods: The Dynamic Adaptation Process will be used first to inform the adaptation and implementation of OTCH to the Chilean context. Then, a Hybrid Type 1 Trial design will test its effectiveness and cost and evaluate its implementation using a cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) (N = 300 from 21 outpatient clinics). The OTCH program will be offered in half of these outpatient clinics to individuals ages 15-35. Usual care services will continue to be offered at the other clinics. Given the current COVID-19 pandemic, most research and intervention procedures will be conducted remotely. The study will engage participants over the course of two years, with assessments administered at enrollment, 12 months and 24 months. Primary outcomes include: implementation (fidelity, acceptability, and uptake) and service outcomes (person-centeredness, adherence, and retention). Secondary outcomes comprise participant-level outcomes such as symptoms, functioning, and recovery orientation. Over the course of the study, interviews and focus groups with stakeholders will be conducted to better understand the implementation of OTCH. Discussion: Findings from this study will help determine the feasibility, effectiveness, and cost for delivering CSC services in Chile. Lessons learned about facilitators and barriers related to the implementation of the model could help inform the approach needed for these services to be further expanded throughout Latin America.Trial registration number: www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04247711. Registered 30 January 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04247711.
RNA-Seq based transcriptome analysis in oral lichen planus
Authors: Wang Haoyu , Deng Yiwen , Peng Siqi , Yan Li , Xu Hui , Wang Qingzhong , Shen Zhengyu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease recognized as an oral potential malignant disorder (OPMD) with the precise mechanism unknown. This study focused on the transcriptional profiles of OLP to elucidate its potential pathogenesis. Methods: We conducted RNA sequencing on matched 6 OLP tissues (n = 6) and 6 normal oral mucosal tissues (n = 6). Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed on differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We utilized qRT-PCR to validated the top dysregulated genes and hub genes in another 10 pairs of specimens.Results: A total of 153 DEGs (p-values< 0.05) were detected from RNA-Seq. According to GO and KEGG analysis, the dysregulated genes were mainly related to T cell related pathway and Wnt signaling. Based on the WGCNA analysis, 5 modules with high intramodular connectivity and hub genes in each module were gained.Conclusions: RNA-Seq and bioinformatic methods offered a valuable understanding of the biological pathways and key genes in the regulation of OLP. The identified DEGs and hub genes categorized into 2 groups including T cell regulation and inflammation and Wnt signaling pathway may serve as potential novel molecular targets for therapy.
Improving Reliability of the Virtual Screening Process for Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Enzyme by Combination of the Ensemble and Consensus Docking Approaches
Authors: Chilingaryan Garri , Abelyan Narek , Sargsyan Arsen , Nazaryan Karen , Serobian Andre , Zakaryan Hovakim 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The inconsistencies in the performance of the virtual screening (VS) process, depending on the used software and structural conformation of the protein, is a challenging issue in the drug design and discovery field. Varying performance, especially in terms of early recognition of the potential hit compounds, negatively affects the whole process and leads to unnecessary waste of the time and resources. Appropriate application of the ensemble docking and consensus-scoring approaches can significantly increase reliability of the VS results. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is a key enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. It is considered as a valuable therapeutic target in cancer, autoimmune and viral diseases. Based on the conducted benchmark study and analysis of the effect of different combinations of the applied methods and approaches, here we suggested a structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) workflow that can be used to increase the reliability of VS.
In vivo Toxicity and Antitumor Activity of Newly Green Synthesized Reduced Graphene Oxide / Silver Nanocomposites
Authors: El-Zahed Mohamed M. , Baka Zakaria Awad , Abou-Dobara Mohamed Ismail , El-Sayed Ahmed Kassem , Aboser Magy Mohamed , Hyder Ayman 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A novel biosynthesis of dual reduced graphene oxide/silver nanocomposites (rGO/AgNC) using the crude metabolite of Escherichia coli D8 (MF06257) strain and sunlight is introduced in this work. Physicochemical analysis of these rGO/AgNC revealed that they are sheet-like structures having spherically shaped AgNPs with an average particle size of 8 to 17 nm, and their absorption peak ranged from 350 to 450 nm. The biosynthesized rGO/AgNC were characterized by UV-Vis and FT-IR spectra, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. After the injection of these nanocomposites to mice, their uptake by the kidney and liver has been proven by the ultrastructural observation and estimation of the hepatic and renal silver content. These nanocomposites caused a moderate toxicity for both organs. Changes in the liver and kidney functions and histopathological effects had been observed. The rGO/AgNC revealed a remarkable antitumor effect. They showed a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells in vitro. Treatment of mice bearing EAC tumors intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg rGO/AgNC showed an antiproliferative effect on EAC cells, reduced ascites volume, and maintained mice survival. The results indicate that this green synergy of silver nanoparticles with reduced-graphene oxide may have a promising potential in cancer therapy.
Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes Promote Tendon Healing by Activating Both SMAD1/5/9 and SMAD2/3
Authors: Liu Hengchen , Zhang Mingzhao , Shi Manyu , Zhang Tingting , Lu Wenjun , Yang Shulong , Cui Qingbo , Li Zhaozhu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The use of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (ADSC-Exos) may become a new therapeutic method in biomedicine owing to their important role in regenerative medicine. However, the role of ADSC-Exos in tendon repair has not yet been evaluated. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the healing effects of ADSC-Exos on tendon injury.Methods: The adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) and tendon stem cells (TSCs) were isolated from subcutaneous fat and tendon tissues of Sprague Dawley rats, respectively, and exosomes were isolated from ADSCs. The proliferation and migration of TSCs induced by ADSC-Exos were analyzed by EdU, cell scratch and transwell assays. We used western blot to analyze tenogenic differentiation of TSCs and the role of the SMAD signaling pathways. Then we explored a new treatment method for tendon injury, combining exosome therapy with local targeting using a biohydrogel. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of inflammatory and tenogenic differentiation after tendon injury, respectively. The quality of tendon healing was evaluated by Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and biomechanical testing.Results: ADSC-Exos could be absorbed by TSCs, and promoted the proliferation, migration, and tenogenic differentiation of these cells. This effect may have depended on activation of the SMAD2/3 and SMAD1/5/9 pathways. Furthermore, ADSC-Exos inhibited the early inflammatory reaction and promoted tendon healing in vivo.Conclusions: Overall, we demonstrated that ADSC-Exos contributed to tendon regeneration and provided proof of concept of a new approach for treating tendon injuries.
Histopathological, Immunohistochemical and Molecular Biologic Study of an Enucleated Specimen of a Case of Eales’ Disease.
Authors: Shah Amravi , Giridhar Sneha , Patnaik Gazal , Mhatre Radhika , Das Dipankar , Janani MK , Mahadevan Anita , Biswas Jyotirmay 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Eales' disease is a retinal vasculitis characterized by retinal inflammation, ischemia, and neovascularization. Exact pathogenesis of this disease is yet to be found out. We present a 29-year-old male, diagnosed as Eales’ disease in both eyes with persistent intraocular inflammation. Enucleation of the pthisical right eye was subjected for histopathological examination immunohistochemistry and molecular biologic study for mycobacterial tuberculosis DNA. Our study showed that Eales disease is a T cell mediated disease which is triggered by mycobacterial TB DNA
Off-label prescription of fixed-dose combination of tramadol and dexketoprofen in primary health care. Evidence-based or cause for concern?
Authors: Viñas-Bastart Montserrat , Oms-Arias Míriam , Pedraza-Gutiérrez Àfrica , Lizano-Díez Irene , Mariño Eduardo L. , Modamio Pilar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The increase of consumption of the fixed-dose combination of tramadol/dexketoprofen in Spain and other countries is noteworthy. The authorised therapeutic indication is symptomatic short-term treatment of moderate to severe acute pain in adult patients.Objective: Describe the pattern of use of tramadol/dexketoprofen in the field of primary health care to examine potential off-label prescribing and warn about possible risks.Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional and multicenter study carried out between March 2017 and March 2018. Total population were patients covered by the public health service in Catalonia, Spain, with an active prescription of tramadol/dexketoprofen on March 28, 2018. Target population were those patients who were prescribed tramadol/dexketoprofen over 20 day’s treatment.Results: There were 176 patients with active prescription of tramadol/dexketoprofen. All patients (100%) had a treatment duration exceeding 5 days and 72.7% (N=128) exceeding 20 days. The average length of treatment was 224±160.8 days. 35.1% of patients were treated with >2 medicines for pain concomitantly with tramadol/dexketoprofen.Conclusion: Tramadol/dexketoprofen fixed-dose combination in practice was used frequently off labelled according to the product characteristics and the literature reviewed. This study highlights potential harmful or ineffective effects of this combination since no adequate evidence exists about its off-label use.
Insulin-degrading Enzyme Regulates the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Porcine Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells via Myostatin/MYOD Pathway
Authors: Wang Bingyuan , Guo Jiankang , Zhang Mingrui , Liu Zhiguo , Zhou Rong , Guo Fei , Li Kui , Mu Yulian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Identifying the genes relevant for muscle development is pivotal to improve meat production and quality in pigs. Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), a thiol zinc-metalloendopeptidase, has been known to regulate the myogenic process of mouse and rat myoblast cell lines, while its myogenic role in pigs remained elusive. Therefore, the current study aimed to identify the effects of IDE on the proliferation and apoptosis of porcine skeletal muscle stem cells and underlying molecular mechanism.Results: We found in the present study that IDE was widely expressed in porcine tissues, including kidney, lung, spleen, liver, heart, and skeletal muscle. Then, to explore the effects of IDE on the proliferation and apoptosis of porcine skeletal muscle stem cells, we subjected the cells to siRNA-mediated knockdown of IDE expression, which resulted in promoted cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis. As one of key transcription factors in myogenesis, MYOD, its expression was also decreased with IDE knockdown. To further elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism, RNA sequencing was performed. Among transcripts perturbed by the IDE knockdown after, a down-regulated gene myostatin (MSTN) which is known as a negative regulator for muscle growth attracted our interest. Indeed, MSTN knockdown led to similar results as those of the IDE knockdown, with upregulation of cell cycle-related genes, downregulation of MYOD as well as apoptosis-related genes, and enhanced cell proliferation.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that IDE regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of porcine skeletal muscle stem cells through MSTN/MYOD pathway. Thus, we recruit IDE to the gene family of regulators for porcine skeletal muscle development, and propose IDE as an example of gene to prioritize in order to improve pork production.
Circular RNA hsa_circ_0081343 promotes trophoblast cell migration and invasion and inhibits trophoblast apoptosis by regulating miR-210-5p/DLX3 axis
Authors: Xie Jiansheng , Wang Hui , Luo Caiqun , Wu Xiaoxia , Zhang Jianming , Xu Zhiyong , Liu Yang , Li Bohong , Li Jing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Various circular RNAs (circRNAs) are dysregulated in the placenta of fetal growth restriction fetuses, but their role and regulatory mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the role of hsa_circ_0081343 in regulating the migration, invasion, and apoptosis in the human extravillous trophoblast HTR-8 cells.Methods: circRNA and miRNA levels were examined using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Overexpression plasmid constructs and siRNA were used to overexpress and knockdown hsa_circ_0081343, respectively. Transwell assay and flow cytometry analysis were performed to evaluate the effect of hsa_circ_0081343 or miR-210-5p on migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Protein levels were analyzed using western blot. Dual luciferase activity assay and anti-AGO2 RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were performed to identify the relationship between miR-210-5p and hsa_circ_0081343.Results: Hsa_circ_0081343 expression was significantly downregulated in 37 FGR placental tissues as compared to healthy placental control tissues. Hsa_circ_0081343 overexpression possibly inhibits apoptosis by downregulating the expression of cleaved caspase 3 and caspase 9 and alleviates the migration and invasion of HTR-8 cells by inducing the expression of MMP2 and MMP9. The dual luciferase activity and anti-AGO2 RIP assay results showed that hsa_circ_0081343 binds to miR-210-5p. miR-210-5p overexpression eliminated the effect of hsa_circ_0081343 overexpression in HTR-8 cells. Finally, DLX3 was identified as a direct target of miR-210-5p. Conclusions: Hsa_circ_0081343 regulates the migration, invasion, and apoptosis of HTR-8 cells via the hsa-miR-210-5p/DLX3 axis. Thus, hsa_circ_0081343 plays a key role in the etiology and pathogenesis of FGR implicating its importance as a novel candidate for targeted FGR therapy.
First report of Bitylenchus ventrosignatus (Tobar Jiménez, 1969) Siddiqi, 1986 associated with wild grass in Botswana
Authors: Shokoohi Ebrahim 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
During a survey on the biodiversity of plant-parasitic nematodes of natural areas in Botswana, Bitylenchus ventrosignatus was discovered around the rhizosphere of wild grass. The nematodes were extracted using the tray method and then fixed according to the available protocols. The morphological characters fit well with the description of B. ventrosignatus. In addition, molecular analysis using 18 S and 28 S rDNA indicated 98% (KJ461617) and 95% (KJ461567) similarity with the Spanish population of B. ventrosignatus. The phylogenetic analysis of 18 S and 28 S rDNA placed the examined population with other populations of B. ventrosignatus in a group with a posterior probability support value of 100. According to published literature, this is the first report of B. ventrosignatus from Botswana.
The electrical conductivity of albite feldspar: Implications for oceanic lower crustal sequences and subduction zones
Authors: Amulele George M. , Lanati Anthony W. , Clark Simon M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Volatile-sensitive electrical soundings are becoming more widely adopted, with large nationwide arrays currently being acquired globally. This boom in new data is despite several key uncertainties relating to the electrical responses of a wide range of minerals that make up crustal regions. Complications include the influence of mineral chemistry, hydrous or nominally hydrous phases, and oxygen fugacity on charge-carrying ion activity within a mineral substrate. Feldspars are the most abundant mineral group in the Earth’s crust, comprising about 60% of its mineral assemblages and are particularly prevalent within subduction zones and lower crustal sequences. These areas are known locations where ore systems are commonly rooted, making them among the most widely studied regions in the Earth. To date, few studies exist that cover the electrical behavior of the feldspar mineral albite. To help address some of these issues and complications, we have undertaken electrical conductivity investigations on a single crystal of gem-quality albite (Ab49An48Or3) from Nuevo Casas Grande, Chihuahua, Mexico. Electrical conductivity measurements using impedance spectroscopy were performed at a pressure of 1 GPa over a temperature range of 373–1273 K in a multi-anvil high-pressure apparatus. Experiments were carried out using different metal electrodes: molybdenum, nickel, and rhenium to vary the oxygen fugacity during the experiments. FTIR measurements of the starting and final materials confirm that the initial samples are completely dry but absorb an average of 67 ppm H2O by mass during the experiments from the surrounding pressure medium materials. We observe no correlation in the amount of water absorbed in the feldspar to the oxygen fugacity under water-undersaturated conditions. Our investigations show that the activation enthalpy increases from ~0.77 to ~1.0 eV from the nominally hydrous to the completely dry feldspar. The activation enthalpy decreases with increasing oxygen fugacity for comparable water contents. An oxygen fugacity exponent of –0.069 is calculated at the nominal water content measured in the experiments, indicating an electrical conductivity mechanism that also involves the mobility of hydrogen.
Melting phase relation of Fe-bearing Phase D up to the uppermost lower mantle
Authors: Xu Chaowen , Inoue Toru , Gao Jing , Noda Masamichi , Kakizawa Sho 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Dense hydrous magnesium silicates (DHMSs) are considered important water carriers in the deep Earth. Due to the significant effect of Fe on the stability of DHMSs, Fe-bearing Phase D (PhD) deserves much attention. However, few experiments have been conducted to determine the stability of PhD in different bulk compositions. In this study, we provide experimental constraints for the stability of PhD in the AlOOH-FeOOH-Mg1.11Si1.89O6H2.22 system between 18 and 25 GPa at 1000–1600 °C, corresponding to the P-T conditions of the mantle transition zone and uppermost lower mantle.
Fe3+-bearing PhD was synthesized from the FeOOH-Mg1.11Si1.89O6H2.22 binary system with two different Fe3+ contents. The resultant Al,Fe3+-bearing compositions are close to analog specimens of the fully oxidized mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) and pyrolite in the AlOOH-FeOOH-Mg1.11Si1.89O6H2.22 ternary system. The substitution mechanism of Fe is shown to be dependent on pressure, and Fe3+ occupies both Mg and Si sites in PhD at pressures below 21 GPa. In contrast, Fe3+ only occupies Si site at pressures exceeding 21 GPa. The presence of Fe3+ results in a slight reduction in the thermal stability field of PhD in the FeOOH-Mg1.11Si1.89O6H2.22 system in comparison to Mg-bearing, Fe-free PhD. In contrast, Al,Fe3+-bearing PhD is more stable than Mg-bearing PhD in both MORB and pyrolite compositions. In this regard, Al,Fe3+-bearing PhD could act as a long-term water reservoir during subduction processes to the deep mantle.