bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Riscos Associados à automedicação do Cloridrato de Nafazolina e o farmacêutico como protagonista para o uso racional de medicamentos
Authors: Lima Marina Inácia Maia de Melo , Silva Jullys Menezes , Siqueira Lidiany da Paixão 
Published: November 2021

A nafazolina tem sua eficácia comprovada na redução das manifestações da obstrução nasal que tanto prejudica a qualidade de vida das pessoas, porém seus benefícios têm tido caminhos distorcidos, colocando em risco a saúde humana, principalmente quando existe o uso descontrolado e prevalente. Alguns excipientes utilizados no cloridrato de nafazolina podem causar a diminuição significativa da função pulmonar e reações de hipersensibilidade em pacientes asmáticos, além de poder agravar o quadro de rinite medicamentosa induzida por descongestionantes nasais. A facilidade em obter a nafazolina contribui para o agravamento de algumas patologias já pré-existentes e o aparecimento de efeitos adversos pelo uso incorreto, a dependência à substância, e em alguns casos pode ocasionar algumas outras patologias como a rinite medicamentosa, e a potencialização dos efeitos em contato com outros medicamentos. A falta de conhecimento, os riscos da automedicação, a venda sem prescrição médica, o baixo custo e a oferta destes descongestionantes são fatores que influenciam o consumo desordenado do medicamento, um grave problema de saúde pública. O atual estudo tem o objetivo de analisar os riscos na automedicação, e o uso incorreto de descongestionantes nasais que possuam Cloridrato de Nafazolina na sua composição e o farmacêutico como protagonista para o uso racional de medicamentos. Foram utilizados base de dados online aplicando coo descritores: cloridrato de nafazolina, nafazolina, derivados imidazolínicos, intoxicações por nafazolina, dependência à nafazolina, descongestionantes nasais, rinite medicamentosa. A orientação farmacêutica torna-se imprescindível para orientar o uso correto do medicamento, visto que este profissional possui o conhecimento específico sobre os medicamentos em geral independentemente de sua classe e quais benefícios e riscos ele pode oferecer a saúde afim de evitar futuras patologias além de contribuir com a política nacional do uso correto de medicamentos. O farmacêutico tem uma função importante em ajudar a sociedade, promovendo a educação em saúde quanto ao uso de medicamentos e seus principais efeitos adversos, intervindo na automedicação e minimizando a mesma.
NEGARA KESEJAHTERAAN (WELFARE STATE) DALAM KONTEKS KEBIJAKAN POLITIK EKONOMI ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Jamil Irpan 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRAKDalam konteks keislaman, Islam adalah ajaran yang komprehensif yang didalamnya memiliki konsep negara, pemerintahan, kesejahteraan ekonomi dan lain-lain. Dalam pandangan Islam, negara tidak bisa lepas dari konsep kolektif yang didalamnya termasuk landasan moral dan syariah Islam. Dalam konteks sekarang, negara kesejahteraan (Welfare State) merupakan sesuatu yang sangat penting dan mempunyai nilai yang strategis, mengingat bahwa negara kesejahteraan dianggap sebagai salah satu jawaban yang paling tepat atas bentuk keterlibatan negara dalam mengubah kesejahteraan rakyat. Dalam konteks keindonesiaan cita-cita mewujudkan negara kesejahteraan sudah direncanakan jauh sejak negara ini didirikan, walaupun dalam perjalanannya menemui banyak permasalahan dan tantangan, bahkan ketika upaya-upaya yang berkaitan dengan perangkat untuk menuju konsep tersebut sudah tersedia termasuk didalamnya aturan-aturan yang telah disusun dalam bentuk perundangan ataupun kebijakan politik. ABSTRACTIn the context of Islam, Islam is a comprehensive teaching which includes the concept of the state, government, economic welfare and others. In the view of Islam, the state cannot be separated from the collective concept which includes the moral foundation and Islamic sharia. In the current context, the welfare state is something that is very important and has strategic value, considering that the welfare state is considered as one of the most appropriate answers to the form of state involvement in changing people's welfare. In the Indonesian context, the ideals of realizing a welfare state have been planned long since this country was founded, although along the way it encounters many problems and challenges, even when efforts related to the tools to achieve this concept are already in place, including the rules that have been compiled in form of legislation or political policy.
Exchange of experience in the field of medical services as a form of international cooperation between Ukraine and Poland
Authors: Adamyk Viktoriia , Shcherbiak Khrystyna 
Published: November 2021

Introduction. The development of bilateral relations in the context of globalization and European integration involves expanding the range of forms of cooperation, as well as those areas covered by cooperation. The implementation of medical reform in Ukraine necessitates the intensification of the exchange of experience in the medical field with other countries, including Poland. The rapid processes of digitalization against the background of the Kovid-19 pandemic determine the modernization of communication tools and cooperation in the field of health services.The purpose of the article is to study the state and prospects of exchange of experience in the field of medical services between Ukraine and Poland.Research methods. To achieve the goal set in the article, general scientific and special methods were used, namely: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction and concretization, systematization, as well as elements of comparative analysis. The methodological basis for the study are national and international regulations of Ukraine and Poland, which regulate the functioning of health care and bilateral relations in the field of medical services, scientific works of domestic and foreign researchers, statistical reports and more.Results. The exchange of experience in the provision of medical services between Ukraine and Poland is carried out in a slightly different state of health care and taking into account Ukraine’s integration intentions using tools such as conferences, seminars, webinars, academic mobility of scientists and students, bilateral agreements between medical institutions with the support of local governments and self-government, etc. Digitalization, on the one hand, expands opportunities for collaboration, and on the other - necessitates the need to improve the quality of technical equipment of hospitals and makes new demands on human capital. Improving the exchange of experience in the field of medical services is enhanced by receiving technical assistance from Polish partners, including under the auspices of international institutions, such as the EU, WHO, UNICEF, etc. Perspective areas are the introduction of the eHealth system in Ukraine, as well as the involvement of Polish specialists to modernize the management system in domestic health care facilities. The article details the recommendations for intensifying the exchange of experience between Ukraine and Poland in areas and tools.Perspectives. Future research is important to focus on an interdisciplinary analysis of the consequences of health care reform in Ukraine and Poland in the context of the impact on the well-being of citizens.
Digital ECG Phantom Design to Represent the Human Heart Signal for Early Test on ECG Machine in Hospital
Authors: Ardila Sella Octa , Yulianto Endro , Sumber Sumber 
Published: November 2021

Electrocardiograph (ECG) is a diagnostic tool that can record the electrical activity of the human heart. By analyzing the resulting waveforms of the recorded electrical activity of the heart, it is possible to record and diagnose disease. Given the importance of the ECG recording device, it is necessary to check the function of the ECG recording device, namely by performing a device calibration procedure using the Phantom ECG which aims to simulate the ECG signal. The purpose of this research is to check the ECG device during repairs, besides that the Electrocardiograph (EKG) tool functions for research purposes on ECG signals or for educational purposes. Electrocardiograph (EKG) simulator or often called Phantom ECG is in principle a signal generator in the form of an ECG like signal or a recorded ECG signal. This device can be realized based on microcontroller and analog circuit. The advantage of this simulator research is that the ECG signal displayed is the original ECG recording and has an adequate ECG signal database. ECG This simulator also has the advantage of providing convenience for research on digital signal processing applications for ECG signal processing. In its application this simulator can be used as a tool to study various forms of ECG signals. Based on the measurement results, the error value at BPM 30 and 60 is 0.00% at the sensitivity of 0.5mV, 1.0mV, and 2.0mV, then the measurement results for the error value at BPM 120 are 0.33% and at the BPM 180 value, the error value is 0.22%. From these results, it can be concluded that the highest error value is at BPM 120 with sensitivities of 0.5mV, 1.0mV, and 2.0mV.
Brinell Fault Injection to Enable Development of a Low-Cost Wheel Bearing Fault Monitoring System for Automobiles
Authors: Garner Graeme 
Published: November 2021

Although bearing condition monitoring and fault diagnosis is a widely studied and mature field, applications to automotive wheel bearings have received little attention. This is likely due to the lack of business case, as the vehicle’s four wheel bearings are typically designed to last the vehicle life with low failure rates. Rapid advancements in battery technology are expected to open the door for EVs with million-mile lifespans, exceeding the reliable life of existing low-cost wheel bearing designs. Vehicle designers and fleet owners must choose between paying a higher price for bearings with a longer life or replacing wheel bearings periodically throughout the vehicle life. The latter strategy can be implemented most effectively with the implementation of a low-cost fault detection system on the vehicle.

To develop such a system, data from systems with healthy and faulty wheel bearings is needed. This paper discusses the options for generating this data, such as simulation, bench tests, and vehicle-level tests. The challenges and limitations of each are explored, and the specific challenges of developing an approach for a wheel bearing fault detection system are discussed in detail. A method for injecting Brinell Dent failures is developed, and the results of injecting a total of 40 faulty wheel bearings are presented. Metrics of measuring and summarizing the ground-truth health of a wheel bearing using vibration signals recorded on a test bench are explored. These wheel bearings are used to collect preliminary vehicle data, and some initial analysis is shared highlighting the differences between healthy and faulty wheel bearings, setting the stage for future work to develop a low-cost wheel bearing fault detection system.
Bayesian network-based root cause analysis and fault pathway identification in complex industrial processes
Authors: Zope Kalyani , Singhal Tanmaya , Nistala Sri Harsha , Runkana Venkataramana 
Published: November 2021

Real-time root cause identification (RCI) of faults or abnormal events in industries gives plant personnel the opportunity to address the faults before they progress and lead to failure. RCI in industrial systems must deal with their complex behavior, variable interactions, corrective actions of control systems and variability in faulty behavior. Bayesian networks (BNs) is a data-driven graph-based method that utilizes multivariate sensor data generated during industrial operations for RCI. Bayesian networks, however, require data discretization if data contains both discrete and continuous variables. Traditional discretization techniques such as equal width (EW) or equal frequency (EF) discretization result in loss of dynamic information and often lead to erroneous RCI. To deal with this limitation, we propose the use of a dynamic discretization technique called Bayesian Blocks (BB) which adapts the bin sizes based on the properties of data itself. In this work, we compare the effectiveness of three discretization techniques, namely EW, EF and BB coupled with Bayesian Networks on generation of fault propagation (causal) maps and root cause identification in complex industrial systems. We demonstrate the performance of the three methods on the industrial benchmark Tennessee-Eastman (TE) process. For two complex faults in the TE process, the BB with BN method successfully diagnosed correct root causes of the faults, and reduced redundancy (up to 50%) and improved the propagation paths in causal maps compared to other two techniques.
Remaining Useful Life Estimation from Event Data
Authors: Alam Mahbubul , Jalali Laleh , Alam Mahbubul , Farahat Ahmed , Gupta Chetan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract—Prognostics aims to predict the degradation of equipment by estimating their remaining useful life (RUL) and/or the failure probability within a specific time horizon. The high demand of equipment prognostics in the industry have propelled researchers to develop robust and efficient prognostics techniques. Among data driven techniques for prognostics, machine learning and deep learning (DL) based techniques, particularly Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have gained significant attention due to their ability of effectively representing the degradation progress by employing dynamic temporal behaviors. RNNs are well known for handling sequential data, especially continuous time series sequential data where the data follows certain pattern. Such data is usually obtained from sensors attached to the equipment. However, in many scenarios sensor data is not readily available and often very tedious to acquire. Conversely, event data is more common and can easily be obtained from the error logs saved by the equipment and transmitted to a backend for further processing. Nevertheless, performing prognostics using event data is substantially more difficult than that of the sensor data due to the unique nature of event data. Though event data is sequential, it differs from other seminal sequential data such as time series and natural language in the following manner, i) unlike time series data, events may appear at any time, i.e., the appearance of events lacks periodicity; ii) unlike natural languages, event data do not follow any specific linguistic rule. Additionally, there may be a significant variability in the event types appearing within the same sequence. Therefore, this paper proposes an RUL estimation framework to effectively handle the intricate and novel event data. The proposed framework takes discrete events generated by an equipment (e.g., type, time, etc.) as input, and generates for each new event an estimate of the remaining operating cycles in the life of a given component. To evaluate the efficacy of our proposed method, we conduct extensive experiments using benchmark datasets such as the CMAPSS data after converting the time-series data in these datasets to sequential event data. The event data conversion is carried out by careful exploration and application of appropriate transformation techniques to the time series. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time such event-based RUL estimation problem is introduced to the community. Furthermore, we propose several deep learning and machine learning based solution for the event-based RUL estimation problem. Our results suggest that the deep learning models, 1D-CNN, LSTM, and multi-head attention show similar RMSE, MAE and Score performance. Foreseeably, the XGBoost model achieve lower performance compared to the deep learning models since the XGBoost model fails to capture ordering information from the sequence of events.
أثر المقاصد الشرعية في الجمع والترجيح بين الأدلة المتعارضة- دراسة أصولية تطبيقية
Authors: موسى مؤيد 
Published: November 2021

تنوعت وجوه الجمع والترجيح بين الأدلة المتعارضة عند الفقهاء والأصوليين، وتأتي هذه الدراسة لتسلط الضَوْء على الجمع والترجيح بين الأدلة المتعارضة باعتبار مقاصد الشريعة، وذلك ببيان مفهوم الجمع والترجيح بين الأدلة المتعارضة بمقاصد الشريعة، وأدلة اعتباره.
ثم تأتي الدراسة على بعض التطبيقات والتي من خلالها يبرز هذا الوجه من وجوه الجمع والترجيح، ففي شأن الجمع بين الأدلة المتعارضة باعتبار مقاصد الشريعة تناولت الدراسة مسألتين، هما: بيع الحاضر للبادي، وحكم إنشاد الشعر، وفي شأن الترجيح بين الأدلة المتعارضة باعتبار مقاصد الشريعة تناولت الدراسة مسألتين أخريين، هما: إجبار الولي المرأة البكر على الزواج، والأصل في الطلاق الحظر أم الإباحة.
وانتهت هذه الدراسة لتتوصل إلى أهمية هذا الوجه من وجوه الجمع والترجيح بين الأدلة المتعارضة، لما يتضمنه من فهم للنص الشرعي وفق الوجه الذي يريده الشارع.
رسالة في حقيقة الحكم الشرعي وأنواعه وعلله وأسبابه تأليف: شيخ الإسلام أحمد بن عبد الحليم بن عبد السلام بن تيمية الحراني (ت728هـ)
Authors: الحيص إبراهيم 
Published: November 2021

فإنَّ المؤلف تناول في هذه الرِّسالة ثلاثة معالم للحُكْم الشَّرعيِّ:
الأول: تناول مَفْهُوم الحُكم الشَّرعيِّ؛ ببيان مذاهب النَّاس فيه مع تمييز الصَّواب منها، والتَّمثيل عليها بنظائرها من المسائل؛ كالنِّزاع في حقيقة كون العبد رسولاً نبيًّا، ثم بيان مُتَعَلَّق القول وأقسامه، ووجه ارتباطه بالخطاب الشَّرعيِّ.
الثاني: تناول مفهوم تعليل الحُكم الشَّرعيِّ وأحكامه؛ ببيان حقيقة العِلَّة وما قيل فيها، مع بيان وجه الصواب فيها، ثم توضيح أَثَر مفهوم العلَّة على مفهوم الخطاب الشَّرعيِّ بشيءٍ مِنَ التَّفصيل.
الثالث: تناول أقسام أحكام الأفعال، وهو تقسيمها إلى شرعيَّةٍ وعقليَّةٍ، ومَحل الشَّرع والعقل منها قبل وُرُود الشَّرع وبعده، وأنَّ أحكام الأفعال العقلية: هي المعروفة بمسألة (الحُسْن والقُبْح العقليَّين)، وأنَّها من أصول المسائل التي فَرَّع الناس عليها أمورًا كثيرةً، واضطربوا فيها اضطرابًا كبيرًا، والنَّصُّ على أنَّ تحقيق الكلام فيها يتضمن فُصُولاً، ثم الشُّرُوع في الكلام على هذه الفُصول وأصولها التي بُنيت عليها بإجابةٍ شافيةٍ كافيةٍ.
طريقة الانتقاء عند الإمام البخاري في صحيحه دراسة تطبيقية على مرويات عبد الرزاق (الصنعاني) عن معمر بن راشد
Authors: العبدالغني إيمان 
Published: November 2021

هذا البحث يتعرض لدراسة قضية مهمة في منهج الإمام البخاري في صحيحه، وهي طريقة الانتقاء، حيث استخدمها في جمعه للروايات الصحيحة، وفيها رد على من يطعن في صحيحه بوجود الرواة الضعفاء في أسانيده، وتم اختيار دراسة تطبيقية على مرويات عبد الرزاق الصنعاني عن معمر بن راشد لتأكيد هذه المنهجية، حيث إن عبد الرزاق مع أنه أثبت تلاميذ معمر إلا أنه يخطئ في بعض الروايات عنه، كما أنه اتهم بالتشيع، والتلقين، والاختلاط.
فتتبع طريقة البخاري في روايته له عن معمر يبرز دقائق طريقة الانتقاء التي استخدمها البخاري في التعامل مع روايات الراوي.
ومن أهم نتائج الدراسة التطبيقية أن البخاري لم يرو لعبدالرزاق عن معمر إلا ما كان في أصل كتابه المصنف، أو جامع معمر، وهذا ينطبق على أغلب الروايات، أو بذكر المتابعة أو الشاهد، أو في فضائل الأعمال والمناقب، وهو قليل جدا.
تمر العجوة في السنة النبوية مكانته واستخداماته
Authors: الغملاس نورة 
Published: November 2021

جمع الأحاديث الواردة في استخدامات تمر العجوة ودراستها وفق منهجية علمية مع الوقوف على أقوال الأئمة والعلماء المختصين في ذلك
إيجاد مرجع علمي ثابت في هذا الموضوع للاستفادة منه من قبل المهتمين بهذه المواضيع
منهج البحث: المنهج الاستقرائي الاستنتاجي
أهم النتائج: أن تمر العجوة من أفضل التمور وأطيبها، وله مكانة في السنة. وأنه يستخدم لعلاج العديد من الأمراض كما ثبت في السنة.
أهم التوصيات: أدعوا الباحثين والمهتمين وأصحاب الاختصاص لتكثيف الجهد وإجراء مزيد من الأبحاث حول هذا الصنف من التمور.
أدعو الباحثين في السنة النبوية للحرص على إبراز هذا الإرث النبوي وتنقيته من شوائب الفهم.
Desarrollo profesional docente, caso Centro Universitario de Petén, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala.
Authors: Lorenzo Zetino Silvia , Martínez Cuestas Marco Antonio 
Published: November 2021

Los docentes del siglo XXI para responder a las demandas actuales tienen que estar comprometidos con su autoaprendizaje. Alarcón (2007) propone que el reto es motivarlos a perfeccionar su práctica docente a través de la formación continua, para cambiar la cultura tradicional de la enseñanza superior. El docente debe aceptar el compromiso de educar y formar, también debe tener una actitud de aprendizaje y mejora, un espíritu de aprender y desaprender en un mundo cambiante. Imbernón and Guerrero (2018a) afirma que lejos quedo la idea del aprendizaje intra aula a través de enseñar la reproducción de contenidos, valorizados por la calificación. En el Centro Universitario de Petén el 76% de los docentes laboran como interinos y el 24% son titulares, de esta población el 27% son mujeres y únicamente el 4% son titulares para el año 2020. De la población de titulares el 13% cuentan con estudios de postgrado. Sin embargo, las carreras no cuentan con un plan que contemple las capacitaciones docentes| y no existen evidencias de las acciones que realizan los profesionales para el desarrollo de sus temáticas, porque no hay seguimiento en el proceso. No se localizan trabajos científicos que los profesionales realicen, las evaluaciones docentes realizadas por la Comisión de Evaluación Docente COMEVAL, carecen de objetividad, porque se realizan por procesos y no por resultados.

Palabras clave: Desarrollo profesional, docente universitario, conocimiento, enseñanza, educación de calidad.
Globular Cluster Candidates in the Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy
Authors: Piatti Andrés E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Recently, new Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf-galaxy globular clusters were discovered, which opens the question of the actual size of the Sgr globular cluster population, and therefore on our understanding of the Sgr galaxy formation and accretion history of the Milky Way. Based on Gaia EDR3 and SDSS IV DR16 (APOGEE-2) data sets, we performed an analysis of the color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of the eight new Sgr globular clusters found by Minniti et al. from a sound cleaning of the contamination of Milky Way and Sgr field stars, complemented by available kinematic and metal abundance information. The cleaned CMDs and spatial stellar distibutions reveal the presence of stars with a wide range of cluster membership probabilities. Minni 332 turned out to be a younger (<9 Gyr) and more metal-rich ([M/H] ≳ −1.0 dex) globular cluster than M54, the nuclear Sgr globular cluster; as could also be the case of Minni 342, 348, and 349, although their results are less convincing. Minni 341 could be an open cluster candidate (age < 1 Gyr, [M/H] ∼ −0.3 dex), while the analyses of Minni 335, 343, and 344 did not allow us to confirm their physical reality. We also built the Sgr cluster frequency (CF) using available ages of the Sgr globular clusters and compared it with that obtained from the Sgr star formation history. Both CFs are in excellent agreement. However, the addition of eight new globular clusters with ages and metallicities distributed according to the Sgr age–metallicity relationship turns out in a remarkably different CF.