bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint Association of Moderate-to-vigorous Intensity Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior With Incident Functional Limitation: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Authors: Master Hiral , Thoma Louise M. , Dunlop Dorothy D. , Christiansen Meredith B. , Voinier Dana , White Daniel K. 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTo examine the joint association of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior with the risk of developing functional limitation 4 years later in adults with knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsUsing 48-month (baseline) accelerometry data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative, we classified participants as Active-Low Sedentary (≥ 1 10-min bout/week of MVPA, lowest tertile for standardized sedentary time), Active-High Sedentary (≥ 1 10-min bout/week of MVPA, top 2 tertiles for standardized sedentary time), Inactive-Low Sedentary (zero 10-min bouts/week of MVPA, lowest tertile for standardized sedentary time), and Inactive-High Sedentary (zero 10-minute bouts/week of MVPA, top 2 tertiles for standardized sedentary time) groups. Functional limitation was defined as > 12 seconds for the 5-repetition sit-to-stand test (5XSST) and < 1.22 m/s gait speed during the 20-meter walk test. To investigate the association of exposure groups with risk of developing functional limitation 4 years later, we calculated adjusted risk ratios (aRR; adjusted for potential confounders).ResultsOf 1091 and 1133 participants without baseline functional limitation, based on the 5XSST and 20-meter walk test, respectively, 15% and 21% developed functional limitation 4 years later. The Inactive-Low Sedentary and Inactive-High Sedentary groups had increased risk of developing functional limitations compared to the Active-Low Sedentary and Active-High Sedentary groups. The Inactive-Low Sedentary group had 72% (aRR 1.72, 95% CI 1.00–2.94) and 52% (aRR 1.52, 95% CI 1.03–2.25) more risk of developing functional limitation based on the 5XSST and 20-meter walk test, respectively, compared to the Active-Low Sedentary group.ConclusionRegardless of sedentary category, being inactive (zero 10-min bouts/week in MVPA) may increase the risk of developing functional limitation in adults with knee OA.
Alternative Approaches to Mentoring
Authors: Dirks Joni L. 
Published: February 2021

Topic
Various approaches facilitate mentoring for critical care nurses.

Clinical Relevance
Mentoring is an important strategy to help recruit, retain, and develop nurses with critical care expertise. Mentoring benefits nurses at all career stages, from novice to expert. Effective mentoring programs benefit not only mentors and mentees but also organizations and patients by ensuring adequate numbers of nurses with critical care knowledge and skills.

Purpose
Mentoring programs require careful planning to ensure that the objectives of the program align with the needs of the target audience, and that adequate resources are available to support the mentor-mentee relationship. This article identifies opportunities for mentoring in critical care nursing and provides recommendations from the literature for developing an effective program.

Content Covered
Various objectives for mentoring programs are described, including supporting retention, providing clinical development, and planning succession. Program logistics are explored, such as selecting mentors, matching mentors with mentees, setting goals and expectations, and evaluating the program. In addition, the article identifies strategies for overcoming common barriers to mentoring, which include a lack of time and poor access to qualified mentors.
C-Type Lectin Maintains the Homeostasis of Intestinal Microbiota and Mediates Biofilm Formation by Intestinal Bacteria in Shrimp
Authors: Zhang Yu-Xuan , Zhang Ming-Lu , Wang Xian-Wei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Intestinal microbiota are closely related to host physiology. Over the long course of evolution and interaction, both commensal bacteria and their host have evolved multiple strategies to adapt to each other. However, in invertebrates, the regulatory mechanism of intestinal microbiota homeostasis is largely unknown. In the current study, a digestive tract–specific C-type lectin, designated as CTL33, was identified because of its abundance and response to bacteria in the intestine of kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus). Silencing of CTL33 expression led directly to intestinal dysbiosis, tissue damage, and shrimp death. CTL33 could facilitate biofilm formation by the intestinal bacteria. This function originated from its unique architecture, with a lectin domain responsible for bacteria recognition and a coiled coil region that mediated CTL33 dimerization and cross-linked the bacteria into a biofilm-like complex. By mediating the formation of a biofilm, CTL33 promoted the establishment of intestinal bacteria in intestine and maintained the homeostasis of the microbiota. Thus, to our knowledge, we demonstrated a new mechanism of C-type lectin–mediated biofilm formation by intestinal bacteria, providing new insights into intestinal homeostasis regulation in invertebrates.
[First record of the runt eggs of the Imperial Cormorant <em>Phalacrocorax atriceps</em> and the Rock Shag <em>P. magellanicus</em> in the San Jorge Gulf, Argentina]
Authors: Punta Gabriel , Covazzi Harriague Anabella 
Published: February 2021

[The present study describes for the first time the abnormally small (runt) eggs of the Imperial Cormorant (IC) and Rock Shag (RS) observed during the breeding seasons of 1990/91, 1992/93, 1993/1994, 1994/95 and 1996/97 on the Isabel Island (45°07’S, 66°30’W) and the Galiano Island (45°06’S, 66°25’W), located in the northern San Jorge Gulf, Argentina. The frequency of occurrence of IC runt eggs was 0.2% (n = 995) and their average volume was significantly lower than normal eggs (t = 17.4, P< 0.0001, n = 824). The runt eggs were more spherical than those of normal size (Shape Index: 70.6 vs 64.5 for CI and 74.9 vs 63.9 for RS). The volume of the RS runt egg was 21.1 cm3. The cutoff between normal and runt eggs is between 30 and 35 cm3 for the IC and between 24 and 30 cm3 for the RS. The volume of the runt egg was 42.1% and 53.4% the average volume of the two remaining eggs of the clutch for CI and RS, respectively. None of the consistently observed IC runt eggs hatched and it seems that none of the eggs showing a volume lower than the proposed cutoff is destined to hatch]. [Article in Italian]
Willingness to quit substance abuse in motor parks among commercial drivers in Lagos, Nigeria - A cross-sectional study
Authors: Onigbogi Olanrewaju Olusola , Onigbogi Modupe Olajumoke , Odugbemi Tinuola Omotomilayo , Ojo Omobola Yetunde 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Substance abuse among commercial drivers in Nigeria is a major public health problem. This study was designed to determine the willingness of drivers to quit substance abuse in motor parks.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 commercial drivers across motor parks in Ikorodu Division of Lagos State in June 2019. Participants were selected using the multistage sampling technique, while information was obtained using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed in August 2019 with univariate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) used to determine the correlates of willingness to quit (WTQ).

Results:
Two hundred and eight respondents (59.4%) had engaged in substance abuse in the motor parks within the past month with most using depressants (98.1%), nonopioid pain relievers (61.1%), and stimulants (60.6%). One hundred and twenty-six respondents, that is, 60.5% of persons who had abused substances while in the motor parks. Greater WTQ was associated with road traffic crash within the past 12 months (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.22–1.51), working for more than 5 days a week (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.04–1.42), and existing diagnosis of a non–communicable disease (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.14–1.71). Reduced WTQ was associated with lower educational status (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.21–0.94) and younger age (OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.22–0.68).

Conclusion:
WTQ substance abuse in motor parks is high among the respondents. The correlates of increased or reduced WTQ should be taken into consideration when planning interventions to reduce substance abuse in motor parks.
Clinical profile and management of pediatric hand injuries in Lagos, South-west Nigeria - A retrospective study
Authors: Belie Orimisan , Mofikoya Bolaji O. , Ugburo Andrew Omotayo 
Published: February 2021

Background:
The hand can be described as the sixth-sense organ due to its rich sensory innervations and its irreplaceable role in daily functioning. It is an organ of exploration, especially in the children; hence, higher predisposition to trauma. Early surgical treatment as required is expedient to prevent complications such as contractures due to rapid wound healing in these patients.

Methods:
The demographic characteristics of the patients, causes of injuries, treatment modalities, and outcome of treatment were documented after retrieving the information from the case notes.

Results:
A total of 352 hand cases were seen over 5 years. Out of this, 57 (16.3%) were pediatric patients. Burn injury was the most common cause of hand injury seen in 38.6% of patients, and fingertip injury was the most common form of open soft-tissue injury seen in 22.8% of cases. Hand fractures were infrequent.

Conclusion:
Closer monitoring of children is important for trauma prevention. Early intervention in the form of soft-tissue repair/skin resurfacing is important for improved outcome.
Psychometric evaluation of the Bengali version of irritable bowel syndrome quality of life questionnaire
Authors: Giri Mohan , Roy Swastika , Nahar Laijun , Paul Swapan , Chattopadhyay Abhijit , Ali Sk. Swaif , Basu Anamika , Koley Munmun , Saha Subhranil 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has a significant impact on the quality of life (QOL). IBSQOL questionnaire is a 34-item valid instrument aimed at measuring QOL in IBS-D (predominant diarrhea) patients. To date, no Bengali version of the questionnaire is available. We aimed to develop so and examine its cross-cultural adaptability considering linguistic equivalence.

Methods:
IBSQOL Bengali version (IBSQOL-B) was produced by forward-backward translations. A cross-sectional study was conducted through consecutive sampling at Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Howrah, and National Institute of Homoeopathy, Kolkata. A mixed method study was conducted involving 350 patients suffering from IBS-D. The study consisted of standardized translation of the IBSQOL questionnaire into Bengali, followed by formal validation. Psychometric analysis was run to examine its factor structure, validity, and reliability.

Results:
The overall internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's α and intraclass correlation coefficient 0.965; 95% confidence interval 0.960–0.970). Test-retest reliability (P > 0.05) was satisfactory. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO = 0.928) and Bartlett's test of sphericity (Chi-square 4284.193, P < 0.001) both suggested sample adequacy. In factor analysis, all the items loaded above the prespecified value of 0.4 and identified five components (psychological impact, limitation of daily activities, displeasure, limitation of sexual activity, and over concern) and one single isolated item; explaining 67.1% of the variation. The goodness-of-fit in CFA model was acceptable (Chi-square: 1238.436, P < 0.001; Comparative Fit Index = 0.819, Tucker–Lewis Index = 0.803, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.094, and Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.130).

Conclusions:
The developed IBSQOL-B contains 34 items that are constructed within 5-component and a single isolated item model. It is a reasonably valid and reliable tool, enabled to measure the impact of IBS-D in QOL in Bengalee patients.
An exploration of profile, perceptions, barriers, and predictors of research engagement among resident doctors
Authors: Igbokwe Martin , Adebayo Oladimeji , Ogunsuji Oluwaseyi , Popoola Gbenga , Babalola Rereloluwa , Oiwoh Sebastine Oseghae , Makinde Anuoluwapo Mojisola , Adeniyi Adebayo Makinde , Kanmodi Kehinde , Umar Wasinda Francis , Omololu Ayanfe , Oduyemi Ibiyemi , Yahya Abdulmajid Ibrahim , Sokomba Aliyu 
Published: February 2021

Purpose/Aims:
This research aimed to study the profile, perceptions, barriers, and predictors of Nigerian resident doctors’ level of engagement in scientific research.

Methods:
This study was a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative survey of 438 resident doctors in Nigeria. This study forms a part of the big CHARTING Study, the protocol of which was published in “Nigeria Journal of Medicine 2019;28:198-205.”

Results:
Three hundred and eighteen (72.8%) respondents were male and 119 (27.2%) were female. There were 229 (52.4%) registrars and 208 (47.6%) senior registrars, while residents in surgical versus nonsurgical specialties were 190 (44.5%) and 237 (55.5%), respectively. Three hundred and sixty-eight (85%) respondents had participated previously in research; 67 (15.6%) and 72 (16.6%) had their papers published in local or international journals, respectively; and only 46 (10.6%) had held first authorship positions in peer-reviewed journal publications. The significant barriers to research identified among them included lack of funding, lack of free time, inadequate training/knowledge on research methodology, and the onerous nature of clinical research. The independent predictor of previous engagement with research was years on current job (P = 0.007). This was similar to finding for the first authorship of a peer-reviewed article among the respondents (P = 0.017).

Conclusion:
This study concludes that publication and grantsmanship rates were very low among the surveyed resident doctors, despite their high rate of engagement in research projects. There is a need for increased research capacity building among resident doctors in Nigeria.
Thalassemia Patients from Baluchistan in Pakistan Are Infected with Multiple Hepatitis B or C Virus Strains
Authors: Ahmed Sheikh , Ayub Muhammad , Naeem Muhammad , Nazir Faisal Hayat , Hussain Abrar , Ghilzai Daud , Magnius Lars O. , Sajjad Ashif , Norder Heléne 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThere are an estimated 2,000 children with β-thalassemia in the province Baluchistan of Pakistan. These children are at high risk of acquiring transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) due to their need of regular blood transfusions for survival. Therefore, we investigated the frequencies of TTIs among these multi-transfused patients in a region where the WHO guidelines for blood safety are not always followed. Sera from 400 children (mean age 7.7 ± 4.70 years) treated at two thalassemia centers in Baluchistan were investigated for TTIs. Eleven (2.8%) were hepatitis B surface antigen positive, and 72 (18.3%) had anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV), two of which were infected with both viruses. Only 22% of the children had been reached by the program for universal hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination which started in 2004. Half (51%) of the HCV infected had also been HBV infected. The HBV- and HCV-infected patients were older and had received more blood transfusions than the uninfected patients (P < 0.001). Molecular characterization of the viral strains revealed the presence of several genetically different strains in at least three HBV- and seven HCV-infected children. This is the first study to demonstrate infections with multiple HBV or HCV strains simultaneously infecting thalassemia patients. These may become the source for new emerging recombinant viruses of unknown virulence. The high prevalence of anti–HCV-positive children, and the presence of HBV infections among children who should have been vaccinated, highlights an urgent need for improvements of blood safety in this region of Pakistan.
Uso Off-Label de BTX em Tratamento da Rosácea
Authors: Rodrigues Adriana Novaes , Guzmán Luisa Fernanda 
Published: February 2021

Introdução: O eritema facial é uma característica clínica da rosácea e a injeção intradérmica de toxina botulínica tipo A (BoNT / A) tem sido usada off-label como uma forma de tratamento. Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo é discutir esse tratamento, por meio do relato de um caso clínico. Métodos: Relato de caso, com discussão baseada em artigos indexados, sobre a melhora clínica do uso da toxina botulínica no tratamento da rosácea. Resultados: Melhora clínica considerável, a partir do segundo mês, após a aplicação. Conclusão: A aplicação da toxina botulínica mostrou-se eficaz no tratamento da rosácea
Gimnástica del talento. Desarrollo de competencias y habilidades en entornos sociolaborales
Authors: Crespo Luis Poveda , Antonio Maria Jesús Vitón de 
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo ofrece un acercamiento y una visión general de la investigación realizada sobre el aprendizaje y desarrollo de competencias que configuran “talento” en entornos sociolaborales denominada “Gimnástica del Talento”.
La metodología de aprendizaje propuesta en el modelo permite una transformación y mejora progresiva de las habilidades asociadas a la actividad profesional que se desarrolla en las Familias Profesionales de Comercio y Marketing y Gestión Comercial y de Ventas, desplegadas por el Instituto Nacional de Cualificación profesional(INCUAL). Se presenta una innovación conceptual; primero al desagregar las actividades y tareas que se realizan en el desempeño de la profesión “Modelo de los Nueve Pasos”, segundo; asociar las competencias críticas y prioritarias en cada uno de los pasos propuestos en el modelo y tercero; diseñar un programa de ejercicios para el entrenamiento de cada una de las competencias asociadas. Los resultados de la investigación nos indican que el enfoque de ejercicios propuesto y la triangulación realiza entre las actividades y tareas a desempeñar, las competencias y el conocimiento de las técnicas de entrenamiento son altamente satisfactorios al proporcionar una reducción en el tiempo de aprendizaje por la propia experiencia y mejorar los indicadores de resultados pre y post.
Characterization of Climate Change Communication: Implication for Environmental Sustainability in Ogba, Egbema, Ndoni Local Government Area of River State, Nigeria
Authors: Nwaerema Peace , Ikoro Nwokezi John 
Published: February 2021

Communicating climate change occurrence in Ogba Egbema Ndoni Local Government Area of Rivers State was the key interest of this study due to the incessant environmental degradation caused by multinational oil and gas companies in the area. This study used multi-stage cluster sampling technique and administered four hundred (400) questionnaires in a study population of 445,760 persons determined by Taro Yamane statistical technique. The findings revealed that the stakeholders felt that climate change really occurred in the area but had not adequately adapted to the impact of climate change with 69.3% showing poor preparedness to climate change adaptation. The radio, television and town-hall meeting were the most effective media of climate change communication, but social media such as WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Telegram et cetera were poorly used to communicate climate change phenomenon. Thus, the indigenous town-crying communication medium showed 95% response of disagreement of not being used to inform the stakeholders of climate change occurrence. However, 68% response revealed that the government was not concerned with climate change communication in the area, rather, Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs), Community Based Organizations (CBOs) and the host companies relatively showed concerned in communicating climate change occurrence to the stakeholders. The result indicated that the level of climate change occurrence did not statistically significantly relate with climate change communication in the area. Thus, it was recommended that community stakeholders should have access to weather information, agricultural extension services, educational and school curriculums should integrate climate change communication, indigenous knowledge and communication media should be used as well as government should be serious with issues of climate change communication so as to cushion the effects of climate change impact in Ogba Egbema Ndoni Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria.
Youth Perception and the Effects of Disciplinary Action Implemented in School
Authors: Junaidi Noni Harianti , Richard Lisa , Busrah Nur Hafizah 
Published: February 2021

The disciplinary problem in school has become one of the popular issues in Malaysia. The purpose of this study is to describe youth perceptions and the effects of disciplinary action implemented in school. It intends to achieve three main objectives which are to identify the perceptions of youth towards disciplinary action practice in school, to examine the effects of disciplinary action practice, and to make comparisons between gender and its acceptance towards disciplinary action in school. Data collection had been carried out using a quantitative approach through convenient sampling. There were 260 questionnaires distributed to respondents from the diploma and degree students under the Faculty of Administrative Science & Policy Studies at MARA University of Technology (UiTM) in Kota Samarahan. Findings showed that most youths agreed on the good perception of the disciplinary action implemented in school. However, there were also respondents who had given some opinions and recommendations. Nevertheless, only some of the students tend to access aggressive solutions. This study also did a comparison between gender and its acceptance toward disciplinary action in school. However, finding indicated there was no difference of acceptance between genders.
Aquaporins; Systemic, Functional and Therapeutic Correlations in Health and Disease
Authors: Talal Ahmed  , Sarah Ghafoor  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The aquaporins (AQPs) are transcellular proteins that majorly consist of a tetrametric hour-glass like structure. AQPs have a definitive function in transpositioning of water and solutes across cell membrane. This review provides information regarding structure, expression and functions of AQPs in the human body. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of physiological and pathophysiological correlations related to AQPs and their therapeutic implications. Absence or mutations of different aquaporins are believed to be linked to clinical diseases including Sjogren’s Syndrome, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, liver dysfunction and obesity. Modern therapeutic techniques are utilizing aquaporins in gene therapy for Sjogren’s Syndrome and cholestasis. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive description of localization, function, abnormal clinical conditions and therapeutic implications of aquaporin proteins.
Keywords: Classification, Clinical, Human Aquaporins, Localization, Continuous....
Legal policy in the field of legal responsibility for environmental offenses
Authors: Мангильдина Н.А. , Комаров С.А. 
Published: February 2021

В статье рассматривается правовая политика в сфере юридической ответственности за экологические правонарушения; характеризуются виды юридической ответственности за экологические правонарушения; выявляются проблемы применения юридической ответственности за данную категорию преступлений.
The article considers the legal policy of legal liability for environmental offenses, studies the types of legal liability for environmental offenses, identifies the problems of legal liability of the considered category of crimes.