bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study in the changes of the moisture content in wood
Authors: Teodorescu I , Erbaşu R , Branco J M. , Tăpuşi D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The presence of water in wooden elements is an important factor in the understanding of the evolution of this material used for a structure. This happens because wood has the ability to change its volume due to climate variations; it can shrink or it can double its size depending on the season. This can influence the mechanical properties of the wooden piece and introduce in the structure deformations and changes in sectional efforts that can be very dangerous. For this study, environmental conditions have been tampered with so that wood that has moisture content of 12% will intake or output water, in order to arrive at a moisture content of 8% respectively 16%. In this way, the moisture content of untreated Spruce (Picea abies) and Chestnut (Castanea Sativa) has been modified in a climatic chamber at certain conditions of temperature and relative humidity. The wooden pieces have been verified for their moisture content in an oven with a temperature of 105°C after a complete dry. The purpose of the study is to follow the behaviour of wooden pieces when found in other environments.
Renewable energy in European countries, retrospective analysis
Authors: Stoenoiu C E , Birou I , Cristea C , Serban F M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study performs an exploratory analysis of the evolution of primary production of RES for EU28 countries over the ten years studied. Through the analysis, the document presents: the structure of production by sectors of production and by renewable energy sources, analyses the evolution of the mentioned indicators both in total and in detail on each renewable energy source and allows the identification of differences in the level of production from RES: between countries and regions. The analysis shows that these countries have implemented EU strategies in the field and exceeded the proposed target for 2020 starting from 2017. Among the most important RESs in primary energy production were the sources: Hydro, Wind and Solar, in the countries from the EU28 due to the existence of a natural potential that has been exploited and encouraged by the country-specific internal policies, but also due to the development of technologies and lower costs for these renewable energy sources.
Impact assessment of terrain specifics on wind energy production over semi-complex terrains
Authors: Terziev A K , Iliev I K , Beloev H I , Panteleev Y P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Estimated energy production for a wind farm depends on the wind shear who is influenced by both the roughness factor and terrain specifics. Tall towers measurements allow accurate determination of the velocity profile around the mast. Away from the point of measurements the reliability of the extrapolated data depends on complexity of the terrain and the extrapolation technique applied, as the error may exceeded 30 %. In terms of this, the use of one high mast to predict the energy potential is inaccurate. However, installing more than two tall masts is expensive. Therefore, a novel approach is used to analyse the wind potential for semi-complex terrains - one tall and one short (reference) masts. The novelty in the study here is that the short mast collects wind data for high and low terrain points. The data collected shows that the complex character of the terrain significantly increases the thickness of the surface boundary layer making the data obtained with 20 m masts quite unreliable. However, the 20 m mast data provides useful information for boundary layer that is used for refinement of the tall tower wind shear. Thus, the use of high and short masts improves the estimated energy production.
Fault analysis for wastewater treatment plant equipment using thermography
Authors: Nicolescu F , Robescu D N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Infrared thermography is a very effective non-destructive control method for detecting and locating defects. It is a technique that allows to obtain, with the help of an equipment called thermal imaging camera, the image or thermal imprint of a targeted area in the field of infrared radiation. Infrared thermography deals with the acquisition and analysis of thermal information obtained using non-contact infrared scanning equipment.
Thermal comfort evaluation inside a car parked under sun and shadow using a thermal manikin
Authors: Danca P A , Nastase I. , Croitoru C. , Bode F. , Sandu M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
During the summer, vehicle passengers may reach a comfort state, if the sun direct solar radiation do not affect them. Human body parts exposed to the sun, experience a high uncomfortable state which have a direct impact to the global sensation of the all body. The purpose of this study is to deepen the knowledge about the thermal phenomena that occur in cabin and its effects to the thermal state experienced by the driver during a summer sunny. This way we compare temperatures, humidity and Equivalent Temperature (teq) index acquired with an advanced thermal manikin for 3 scenarios. Results reveals that for a direct solar radiation of 500 Wm−2 temperature inside of the car rise with 10°C. Also, the values of teq for the manikin parts exposed exceed value of 36°C leading to a very hot thermal state for all body.
Small scale simulation of artificial smoke optical properties
Authors: Burlacu D , Georgescu A M , Trache Ş N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The use of numerical simulations in Fire Safety Engineering provides faster and more affordable ways of research and development, with the drawback that their use is often conditioned by available expertise and thorough validation. In this paper, the results of two small scale numerical simulations of artificially generated smoke are being validated by comparison of the smoke’s light extinction coefficient values and those of the visibility levels in the testing enclosures with the results obtained through experimental testing. The influence of grid size on simulation accuracy and computational time is evaluated by presenting the small gain in accuracy and the important increase in computational time for different sized meshes, showing that at least in numerical simulations dealing with artificial smoke, a larger grid size can produce fairly accurate results. A comparative evaluation of the effect that the positioning of the measuring devices inside the testing enclosure has on the results is also performed, both for the experimental setup and the numerical simulations.
Seismic behaviour of ten storeyed concentrically braced frames
Authors: Marcu R , Köber H 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The present paper is intended to illustrate the main advantages and disadvantages of four different ten storeyed concentrically braced frames designed under severe seismic actions. All structural members (braces, beams and columns) had built up I-shaped cross-sections, sized according to the provisions of P100-1/2013 and SR EN 1993-1-1. Each of the four considered braced frames were subjected to nonlinear dynamic analyses, using three base excitations (from the 1977-, 1986- and 1990-Vrancea earthquakes), recorded at the INCERC Institute in Bucharest, calibrated all to a peak ground acceleration value of about 0.3 times the acceleration of gravity. Rayleigh damping was taken into consideration. The maximum values of inelastic deformations, bending moments and axial forces in various structural elements, the amount of energy dissipated through plastic deformations and the estimated steel consumption were compared. The extreme values of base shear forces and horizontal displacements were observed. The successive formation of plastic hinges in the different braced frames was analysed.
The soil structure interaction for 3D irregular problem
Authors: Kamel A , Andronic A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As we are going through advancements in construction field and the imperatives of reliability requirements of the structure, soil always have an important role as a material that supports the whole structures, the Soil structure interaction is one of the most vital arts, nowadays and with the new technologies of soil testing and as we get closer for a better understanding of soil behaviour, we have the chance to model and anticipate the real behaviour of the structures resting on the soil. In this study, the effect of soil as a supporting material will be revealed and carefully studied to clarify and dye out the importance of Soil structure Interaction, and its effect on the governing efforts that are used in design of the structural elements. Soil structure interaction it is not just about the coupling of the soil and the structure, but also studying the effect of construction phase change between the adjacent buildings. The elastic settlements are going to be calculated using analytical solution, Boussinesq iterative solution, and elastic solution of Abaqus finite element model, then will be coupled as springs that model soil elastic half space (EHS) to check the impact of SSI.
Seismic design methods for concentrically braced frames
Authors: Marcu R , Köber H 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The present paper is intended to point out the main differences existing among the seismic design procedures for concentrically braced frames contained in different seismic design codes. Two ten storeyed concentrically braced frames were designed taking into consideration the provisions of three seismic design codes: the Romanian norm P100-1/2013 [1], the European standard EN 1998-1:2004 [2] (respectively SR EN 1998-1:2005 [3]) and the American code AISC 341-16 [4]. All structural members of the concentrically braced frames (braces, beams and columns) had built up I-shaped cross-sections, sized according to the provisions of SR EN 1993-1-1:2006 [5]. Each designed frame was subjected to static nonlinear analyses. The seismic design loading state in different kind of structural members and the estimated steel consumption, the maximum values of base shear forces and horizontal floor displacements were compared. The successive formation of plastic hinges and the plastic failure mechanism in the different designed frames was analysed. A configuration with additional potentially plastic zones along the frame girders was proposed in order to improve the behaviour of the concentrically braced frames during static and dynamic nonlinear analyses.
Air quality in urban areas. Pollutants, issues related to the monitoring of concentrations of gaseous pollutants and aerosols
Authors: Şuică Marian , Năstase Ilinca 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Despite the latest global developments (new materials and less polluting technologies) and in spite of the treaties signed at world level (the Kyoto Protocol 1997 and the Doha-2012 amendment, the Paris Treaty 2015) regarding global climate change, the implementation of these measures to reduce pollution, protect the environment and strictly respect them, leave it to be desired. Climate change caused by global pollution, in large industrial regions and in major cities of the world, has led to and continues to lead to a decline in the air quality we breathe in Europe and in the world. The degree of urban and industrial agglomeration of the cities, contributes significantly to the increase of local pollution by mixing all the pollutants present in the air, this mixture of pollutants is favoured by street canyons and implicitly by the significantly lower dispersion of pollutants in atmosphere. Monitoring air quality in the urban environment and measuring as accurately as possible the concentrations of air pollutants, through the presence of as many sensors and monitoring stations in the monitored area as possible, as well as the implementation of analysis and interpretation hardware and software solutions of the data gathered in real time by these monitoring stations, is very important for the future of large urban agglomerations.
The influence of different air flows introduced on the thermal comfort of car passengers during the cooling period – Numerical Study
Authors: Danca P A , Nastase I , Bode F 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this article the effects of different airflow rates introduced by the ventilation system are investigating by numerical simulation over the thermal comfort of the driver in a regular vehicle. The 3D LDV (Laser Doppler Velocimetry) measurement for the diffusers velocity field was imposed as boundary condition at the inlets of the investigated domain. Also, the flow rate discharged by each diffuser was measured for the first three positions of the air conditioning system. In the numerical model which was previously validated we imposed the boundary conditions from the experimental sessions. Thermal comfort was assessed by calculation of the equivalent temperature on the surface of a virtual manikin on the driver place and by the determination of the maps of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and the Draft rate indices. A first conclusion is that the results of the three flowrates may assure the comfort of the front passengers and a draft sensations and uncomfortable state for the rear passengers.
Strategic Value of Marble Mine Management for Community Economic Improvement and Challenges Keeping Sustainable Environmental Support in Tulungagung Regency
Authors: Sumarmi  , Wahyuningtyas N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Tulungagung Regency is famous as a marble producer. The utilization of marble resources in Tulungagung has been ongoing since the discovery of the location of a marble mine by the Dutch East Indies government in the 1934s. Over time, more and more companies have joined in setting up marble mines in Tulungagung Regency, especially in Besole Village. The major impact of the marble mines, which is the reduction in natural resources that cannot be renewed. Therefore, although this activity is one step to improve the quality of life to be able to compete. However, this activity is one step towards a resource crisis. The purpose of this study: (1) knowing the management of marble mines to improve the economy of the Tulungagung community, (2) knowing the types of management of marble mines in Tulungagung (3) knowing the challenges of preserving the environment sustainably in the former marble quarry area. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. The collected data were analyzed using triangulation techniques.The results showed that mining in the study area has strategic value to improve the community’s economy. The types of community activities in mining management includeminers, calcium processors, dolocytes processors, marble processors (block cutting, cross-cutting, calibrating, putty, polishing), and marketing. The challenge of maintaining environmental sustainability is to integrate ethical business practices and environmental preservation.
Sub-watershed prioritization inferred from geomorphometric and landuse/landcover datasets in Sari Watershed, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan O , Nandini R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sub-watershed prioritization based on erosion propensity plays essential roles in decision making in implementing management practices, especially in the sensitive semiarid regions. Geomorphometric and landuse/landcover datasets are crucial in terms of sub-watershed prioritization for integrated watershed management. Our study was held in Sari Watershed, Sumbawa Island, which needs to be given proper consideration of prioritizing sub-watersheds that need immediate handling. Integration of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Weighted Sum Approach (WSA) was used to determine the final sub-watershed prioritization. The use of PCA aimed to define significant parameters, while WSA was employed to determine the weights for significant parameters and calculate the compound values for priority ranking. The result showed that the integration of PCA and WSA was robust enough to define significant and more effective parameters with their weighted values for the sub-watershed prioritization. The adopted methodology in this study can be applied to different susceptibility in sub-watershed prioritization, such as a flash flood. This study also provides essential information for watershed managers to prioritize the program’s implementation in the prioritized sub-watershed.
The Enrichment of Historical Learning Material Through Tracking The Role of Minority Group in The Crosses of Indonesia’s Struggle For Independence
Authors: Sumantri Y K , Yulianti I 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper is aimed at enriching the role of minority groups in Indonesia during the struggle for independence. The period that became the focus of this study was the period of the national movement until the proclamation of independence. The minority group in question is Indonesian citizens who are part of the migration process from outside the country. This study will focus on the role of Arab descent in the process of the struggle of Indonesia’s independence. This paper was developed through the historical research methodology, namely heuristic, critic, interpretation, and historiography. This study is based on the importance of building a complete reconstruction of the role of all community groups in Indonesian history. So far, the existing studies have focused more on Overseas Chinese. Meanwhile, studies on other peranakan (descent) groups, in this case, Arabic are rarely the focus of study in history textbooks. This study seeks to study, analyze, and describe the role of peranakan/Arab descent in Indonesian history, especially during the Indonesian independence struggle, which can then be used as a supplement in history textbooks. So that it can build a complete reconstruction of historical events that can produce information, perceptions and historiography of the roles of all elements of Indonesian society in Indonesian history for the benefit of historicaleducation.
Vocational and senior high school differences in financial literacy
Authors: Khusaini  , Mutiah  , Ramdani H C 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLack of knowledge and understanding of students in financial has an impact on difficulties in financial management and its decision making, so they tend to behave consumptively. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in financial literacy between senior high school students and those from vocational high schools according to the characteristics of gender, education, and parents’ income in the Tangerang Regency. The design of the research was comparative research. The number of samples was 371 samples chosen by using proportionate random sampling. The research instrument had been verified for its validity and reliability. The authors used crosstab, independent samples t-test, and ANOVA analysis. Results showed that the level of students’ financial literacy was in the category of the medium tier. It was revealed that there was a significant correlation between senior high school and vocational school related to student financial literacy; however, gender, parents’ education, and parents’ income had no significance. Meanwhile, the result of the different tests according to school characteristics showed that there was no significant difference in the level of financial literacy between senior high school students and vocational high schools, as well as gender characteristics, education, and parents’ income. The results of this study contributed to schools to increase understanding of the importance of financial literacy for students.
Banua Anyar Culinary Tourism Area: Study Of Economic Activities As A Learning Resource on Social Studies
Authors: Abbas E W , Jumriani  , Mutiani  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Research Economic activities in the culinary tourism area of Banua Anyar as a social science learning resource are intended so that students not only gain knowledge of economic activities in the form of production, distribution and consumption theoretically, but can understand economic activities in the social studies learning-based student environment as contextual learning. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method is used in this research with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis using Miles and Huberman’s model: data reduction, data presentation, and verification by testing the validity of the data by triangulating techniques, sources, and time. The research results confirm: (1) economic activity in the culinary tourism area of Banua Anyar includes three aspects, namely production, distribution, and consumption is carried out by business owners in collaboration with the community around the culinary area and the city government of Banjarmasin to produce culinary products in the form of staple foods, side dishes and traditional cakes that are traded at restaurants in the culinary tourism area of Banua Anyar and through social media, (2) economic activities in the area Banua Anyar culinary tourism is relevant as a source of social studies learning in the sub-material of economic activities, the role of science and technology in economic activities, and developing the creative economy based on the regional potential to improve the welfare of the community. Conformity This is based on the analysis of social studies subject material content in grade VII at the junior high school level.
Socio-Edu -Eco-Tourism: An Integrated History Learning Design to Foster Entrepreneurship Awareness
Authors: Sayono J , Ayundasari L , Filasari R , Nasikh  , Ridhoi R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The challenges in the 21st century should be an important factor in developing learning in schools, including learning history. Historical learning that emphasizes the concepts of space and time must be required to be relevant to the times so that students are able to face the challenges of change. Research that discusses the design of history learning is important to do by utilizing the tourism potential in the surrounding environment. This study uses a qualitative approach located in Dampit District. Dampit Subdistrict is one of the areas in Malang Regency which has the potential for natural, cultural, and artificial tourism, but it is not explored further and even students sometimes don’t know it. Even though the tourism potential can be optimized in fostering entrepreneurial interest, so that it can improve people’s welfare. Therefore, to realize this goal, it can be started by designing history learning in schools based on socio-edu-eco-tourism so that it can foster student interest in entrepreneurship by optimizing tourism potential in the surrounding environment.
Factor analysis of ruangguru application use on high school students in Jember
Authors: Rahmawati R , Sukidin  , Suharso P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The quality of education in Indonesia is oriented toward the education in Jakarta. PISA 2015 Results in Focus published in 2018 indicates that Indonesia occupies the 62nd place of 70 countries. On the other hand, COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact in education. All schools in the world are simultaneously doing online learning, which leads to a shift in interaction patterns in the world of education from face-to-face to technology-based learning. The aim of the research is to know the dominant factors in influencing high school students in Jember on the use of Ruangguru Online Tutoring application. The research used the quantitative method. The sampling technique in the research was the incidental sampling technique to 100 respondents. We have found the most dominant factor of some other influencing factors for Ruangguru users was the product, besides that there was a significant influence between product, price, location, promotion and service with purchasing decision. We recommend that the Ruangguru application is more innovative in technology-based education contents.