bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro studies of Psorinum 6x on several human cancer cell lines reveal its anti-cancer potential
Authors: Khuda-Bukhsh Anisur Rahman 
Published: September 2021

Objective: Psorinum therapy is claimed to combat/ameliorate a variety of human cancers, but for obvious reasons these studies are devoid of any untreated/placebo-treated controls. Therefore, if Psorinum 6x administration to cancer cells of different origin can show visible anti-cancer effects in a controlled in vitro study has been examined.
Materials & Methods: Psorinum 6x was provided by Hahnemann Publishing Company (HAPCO), 165 BB Ganguly Street, Kolkata for our research. It was prepared by HAPCO by following standard homoeopathic guidelines from authentic pus cells obtained from an eczema patient being treated at National Institute of Homeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata. MTT assay was initially done on several cancer cell lines like A549 (lung cancer), HeLa (cervix cancer), HepG2 (liver cancer) and MCF7 (breast cancer). Psorinum 6x showed strongest anticancer effect against A549 though it also had lesser effect against other cell lines tested. Therefore, A549 was chosen as the model cell line for further study using several relevant protocols. Effects of Psorinum 6x were compared with that of "Placebo 6x" control made of the same stock of "vehicle" used for preparation of Psorinum 6x. Protocols like analysis of cell cycle progression, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), change in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and actual cell death (apoptosis), if any, were analysed flow-cytometrically. Whether Psorinum 6x could damage DNA and induce morphological changes were also determined microscopically. Expression of different signal proteins related to cell death (apoptosis) and survival were critically studied by western blot analysis and confocal microscopy. Further, to determine if Psorinum 6x could interact directly with DNA to induce any conformational changes was also determined by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy.
Results: Psorinum 6x treatment reduced cell viability and inhibited cell proliferation at 24h after treatment, arresting cell cycle at sub-G stage. Upon Psorinum treatment, there were increase of ROS and MMP depolarization, morphological changes and DNA damage typical of apoptosis in A549 cells, along with externalization of phosphatidyl serine. Further, an increase in p53 level, Bax translocation into mitochondria, cytochrome c release into cytosol along with reduction of Bcl2 level and caspase 3 activation were noted which eventually drove A549 cells towards apoptosis; the apoptotic signalling was found to be through mitochondria-mediated caspase 3 dependent pathway. Evidence of direct interaction of Psorinum with cellular DNA was revealed from CD-spectroscopy.
Conclusion: Thus, Psorinum 6 x had positive anti-cancer effects against a number of cancer cells, of which it appeared to have strongest effect against the lung cancer cell, A549.
Ensemble streamflow data assimilation using WRF-Hydro and DART: novel localization and inflation techniques applied to Hurricane Florence flooding
Authors: El Gharamti Mohamad , McCreight James L. , Noh Seong Jin , Hoar Timothy J. , RafieeiNasab Arezoo , Johnson Benjamin K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Predicting major floods during extreme rainfall events remains an important challenge. Rapid changes in flows over short timescales, combined with multiple sources of model error, makes it difficult to accurately simulate intense floods. This study presents a general data assimilation framework that aims to improve flood predictions in channel routing models. Hurricane Florence, which caused catastrophic flooding and damages in the Carolinas in September 2018, is used as a case study. The National Water Model (NWM) configuration of the WRF-Hydro modeling framework is interfaced with the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART) to produce ensemble streamflow forecasts and analyses. Instantaneous streamflow observations from 107 United States Geological Survey (USGS) gauges are assimilated for a period of 1 month. The data assimilation (DA) system developed in this paper explores two novel contributions, namely (1) along-the-stream (ATS) covariance localization and (2) spatially and temporally varying adaptive covariance inflation. ATS localization aims to mitigate not only spurious correlations, due to limited ensemble size, but also physically incorrect correlations between unconnected and indirectly connected state variables in the river network. We demonstrate that ATS localization provides improved information propagation during the model update. Adaptive prior inflation is used to tackle errors in the prior, including large model biases which often occur in flooding situations. Analysis errors incurred during the update are addressed using posterior inflation. Results show that ATS localization is a crucial ingredient of our hydrologic DA system, providing at least 40 % more accurate (root mean square error) streamflow estimates than regular, Euclidean distance-based localization. An assessment of hydrographs indicates that adaptive inflation is extremely useful and perhaps indispensable for improving the forecast skill during flooding events with significant model errors. We argue that adaptive prior inflation is able to serve as a vigorous bias correction scheme which varies both spatially and temporally. Major improvements over the model's severely underestimated streamflow estimates are suggested along the Pee Dee River in South Carolina, and many other locations in the domain, where inflation is able to avoid filter divergence and, thereby, assimilate significantly more observations.
The role of grain size evolution in the rheology of ice: implications for reconciling laboratory creep data and the Glen flow law
Authors: Behn Mark D. , Goldsby David L. , Hirth Greg 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Viscous flow in ice is often described by the Glen flow law – a
non-Newtonian, power-law relationship between stress and strain rate with a
stress exponent n ∼ 3. The Glen law is attributed to
grain-size-insensitive dislocation creep; however, laboratory and field
studies demonstrate that deformation in ice can be strongly dependent on
grain size. This has led to the hypothesis that at sufficiently low
stresses, ice flow is controlled by grain boundary sliding, which explicitly incorporates the grain size dependence of ice rheology. Experimental studies
find that neither dislocation creep (n ∼ 4) nor grain boundary
sliding (n ∼ 1.8) have stress exponents that match the value of
n ∼ 3 in the Glen law. Thus, although the Glen law provides an
approximate description of ice flow in glaciers and ice sheets, its
functional form is not explained by a single deformation mechanism. Here we
seek to understand the origin of the n ∼ 3 dependence of the
Glen law by using the “wattmeter” to model grain size evolution in ice.
The wattmeter posits that grain size is controlled by a balance between the
mechanical work required for grain growth and dynamic grain size reduction.
Using the wattmeter, we calculate grain size evolution in two end-member
cases: (1) a 1-D shear zone and (2) as a function of depth within an
ice sheet. Calculated grain sizes match both laboratory data and ice core
observations for the interior of ice sheets. Finally, we show that
variations in grain size with deformation conditions result in an effective
stress exponent intermediate between grain boundary sliding and dislocation
creep, which is consistent with a value of n = 3 ± 0.5 over the range
of strain rates found in most natural systems.
Scriptwriting as creative writing research: a preface
Authors: Baker Dallas J 
Published: September 2021

It is an unusual step to publish a collection of unproduced scripts. Rarely, if ever, are scripts treated as texts in their own right and seen as deserving of publication, irrespective of any staging or production. This perceived unpublishable status of unproduced scripts fosters a sense that such scripts are not a suitable focus of scholarly discussion. They are dismissed as somehow amateur or unworthy; this despite the fact that many of the most successful scriptwriters have written at least one script, usually many more, that never ‘made it’ to stage or screen. Are these works somehow less worthy of critical discussion, or weaker examples of the writer’s creative and research processes, than their produced works? I would argue that they are not.
A aula de Língua Portuguesa como um espaço de promoção do letramento digital: uma proposta de trabalho com o gênero discursivo “meme”
Authors: Fogaça Sanches Simm Juliana , Lemes Guerra Junior Antonio , De Cássia Santos Pinho Ednéia , Sheuer Nantes Eliza Adriana 
Published: September 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é ilustrar a possibilidade de mobilização das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação, no âmbito do ensino de Língua Portuguesa, com vistas à promoção do letramento digital.
Para isso, é apresentada uma proposta de trabalho, baseada na abordagem do gênero discursivo “meme”, em aulas voltadas a uma turma do 8º ano do Ensino Fundamental II. Metodologicamente, procedeu-se a uma observação assistemática das aulas conduzidas sob os fundamentos teóricos-metodológicos da Linguística Aplicada e sob o amparo das pesquisas recentes sobre as intersecções entre ensino e tecnologia. Os resultados alcançados apontam para a proficuidade da presença, na sala de aula, dos gêneros emergentes dos ambientes hipertextuais, uma vez que se percebe o maior engajamento dos estudantes nas atividades, bem como o desenvolvimento de sua postura crítica frente às práticas sociais contemporâneas.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ МЕХАНИЗМА И ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ ПРОЦЕССОВ ОСАЖДЕНИЯ ПОКРЫТИЙ С МОДИФИЦИРУЮЩИМИ ФУНКЦИЯМИ
Authors: Сейткулов Абдумалик Рахимович , Жусупов Кенес Амирлович , Козбагаров Рустем Ашимович , Есенгалиев Манарбек Нурасбекович 
Published: September 2021

Модифицирование металлов – это введение в металлические расплавы модификаторов, т.е. веществ, небольшие количества которых (обычно не более десятых долей процента) способствуют созданию дополнительных искусственных центров кристаллизации и, следовательно, образованию структурных составляющих в измельченной или округлой форме, что улучшает механические свойства металла. В статье анализированы функциональные требования к модифицирующим покрытиям. Исследовано влияние термомеханического воздействия на режущий инструмент. Установлены особенности формирования покрытий с применением фильтруемого катодно-вакуумно-дугового осаждения, обеспечивающие многократное повышение стойкости инструмента. Показано, что разработанные композиционные покрытия обладают достаточно высокими физико-механическими свойствами упрочненных слоёв. Выявлены возможности направленного изменения структуры слоёв покрытия в зависимости от технологических параметров процесса осаждения покрытий. Установлены главные преимущества твердосплавного инструмента с разработанными покрытиями по сравнению с контрольными твердосплавными инструментами без покрытия и с рекомендованными покрытиями.
АЙМАҚТЫҚ КӨЛІКТІК ЛОГИСТИКАЛЫҚ ЖҮЙЕ БОЙЫНША ЖҮКТЕРДІ ЖЕТКІЗУ ТИІМДІЛІГІ
Authors: Усербаева Айнаш Сатановна 
Published: September 2021

Логистиканың жалпы тұжырымдамалары аймақтық көліктік логистикалық жүйенің не екенін анықтауға мүмкіндік береді. Бұл оңтайлы түрде ұйымдастырылған аймақтық материалдық ағындарға көліктік қызмет көрсетудің бірыңғай процесін қамтамасыз ететін, қарастырылып отырған аймақтың шекараларында құрылған күрделі экономикалық жүйе.
Көліктік логистикалық жүйелерді құру және жұмыс істеу мақсаты айқын және нақты тұжырымдалған: өндірістік немесе жеке тұтынуға барынша дайындалған тауарларды белгіленген жерге және белгіленген мерзімде, қажетті мөлшерде және ассортиментте, белгіленген деңгейден аспайтын шығындармен сөзсіз жеткізу.
Аймақтық көліктік логистикалық жүйелердің негізгі элементтері: көлік, экспедиторлық және қойма кәсіпорындары болып табылады. Олар бір-бірімен тығыз байланыста уақыт пен жалпы шығындар тұрғысынан тауарларды жеткізудің тиімді нұсқаларын жүзеге асырады. Батыс мамандарының бағалауы бойынша, тіпті жоғары ұйымдастырылған экономикада да логистикалық көлік тізбегін дамыту жалпы шығындарды 20% - дан астамға қысқартуға мүмкіндік береді. Оңтүстік аймаққа келетін болсақ, 2 темір жол, инфрақұрылымы бар 12 теңіз және 3 өзен порты, 60-қа жуық кеме қатынасы компаниясы, 140-қа жуық экспедиторлық компания, көптеген автомобиль тасымалдаушылары және т. б. көліктік логистикалық жүйелердің әлеуетті қатысушылары бола алады.
OPTIMIZATION OF FREIGHT FORWARDING SUPPORT FOR INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDORS
Authors: Tursynbay Temirlan , Yerembesova Aishabibi , Nemasipova Anar 
Published: September 2021

With the modern development of the economy and foreign economic relations, a new approach to cargo flows, their distribution and, directly, to the development of transport is required. At the current stage of foreign trade growth, the classic approach of the logistics system in the medium and long term requires a deep and qualitative revision, this is necessary for long-term development, although this approach will still work for the current period and in the near future. Of course, we need to use new technologies to reach goals of optimization all freight forwarding system and international transport corridors. The new projects same as optimization need investments because corridor routes have a different direction vector depending on the profitability of national economies and companies, but their formation is based on a support network of transport and logistics centers in key nodes (points) of consolidation and distribution of cargo flows, and favorable conditions are created for investment projects.
Due to the geographical location of Kazakhstan, the main transport routes connecting the States of the Asian and European continents pass through its territory and cargo transportation in interstate communication of the countries of the near and far abroad. They are carried out by rail and road transport in almost all main directions of the land road network. According to the UN classification, Kazakhstan, along with Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Turkey, is currently included in the transcontinental countries of interstate land communication. Therefore, it is very important for Kazakhstan to use its transit position to boost the economy and be a full-fledged participant in the global transport system.
РАЗРАБОТКА И ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ ВИЗУАЛЬНОГО КОНТРОЛЯ НА ОСНОВЕ ОБРАТНОЙ СВЯЗИ MONO SLAM ДЛЯ ПОРТАТИВНЫХ 3D ПРИНТЕРОВ
Authors: Чигамбаев Темырбай Отарбаевич , Юсупова Салтанат Абеновна , Готькин Валерий Валерьевич 
Published: September 2021

Технологии 3D-печати позволяют производить объекты с очень сложной формой или геометрией, благодаря передовым исследованиям, связанным с точностью, повторяемостью, видами материалов и т. д. Размер 3D-печатных объектов также меняется. Национальная лаборатория Ок-Ридж напечатала 17,5 футов длинный, 5,5 футов шириной и 1,5 футов высотой инструмент для Boeing, который весит 1650 фунтов. С другой стороны, используя Two Photon полимеризации, могут быть получены структуры размером менее микрона. Дизайн большинства современных 3D-принтеров напоминает традиционный 3D-принтер FDM. Стационарный принтер в период печати, ограничивает зону печати определенным размером, независимо от конструкции принтера (Декартовы, полярные, дельта- или шарнирные). К тому же, все современные 3D-принтеры работают как автономное оборудование, что дает возможность дальнейшего ускорения изготовления с использованием нескольких сотрудничающих 3D-принтеров. Однако, основные проблемы остаются нерешенными в текущих исследованиях мобильных 3D-принтеров, такие как точные локализация робота, проскальзывание материала, накопительная ошибка печати и т. д. В этой статье система управления представлена ​​как решение этих проблем в мобильных 3D-принтерах. Система оборудована одиночными камерами. Использование (SLAM) методов в мобильных 3D-принтерах может обеспечить большую точность печати. Проскальзывание и накопительную ошибку можно также исключить с помощью данной системы. Система также дает возможность одновременной работы нескольких 3D-принтеров. Считается, что мобильные 3D-принтеры, оснащенные системой управления с обратной связью, могут иметь большой потенциал в будущем.
LIGHT REGULATION SYSTEMS IMPROVEMENT ANALYSIS TO FORECAST THE TRANSPORT FLOWS IN ALMATY
Authors: Sailau Assel Aliyadynovna 
Published: September 2021

The number of vehicles on the roads of Almaty, Kazakhstan is growing from year to year. This brings about an increasing intensity and density of traffic flows in the streets which leads to congestion, decreasing speed of the traffic flow, increasing environmental pollution caused by car emissions, and which can potentially lead to the road traffic accidents (RTA), including fatalities.
While the number of injuries grows up mainly due to drivers’ non-compliance with the speed limit, the environmental pollution is caused by longer traffic jams. Therefore, to reduce the level of road traffic injuries and emissions into the environment it is necessary to ensure the uniform movement of traffic flows in cities. Currently, one of the effective ways to do it is the use of transport telematics systems, in particular, control systems for road signs, road boards and traffic lights.
The paper presents an analysis of existing systems and methods of traffic light regulation. The analyses of the systems and methods are based on the use of homogeneous data, that is the data on standard parameters of traffic flows. The need in collecting and analyzing additional semi-structured data on the factors that have a significant impact on the traffic flows parameters in cities is shown as well.
The work is dedicated to solving the problem of analysis and forecast of traffic flows in the city of Almaty, Kazakhstan. GPS data on the location of individual vehicles is used as the initial data for solving this problem. By projecting the obtained information onto the graph of the city's transport network, as well as using additional filtering, it is possible to obtain an estimate of individual parameters of traffic flows. These parameters are used for short-term forecast of the changes in the city's transport network.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОХРАНЫ ТРУДА НА ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНОМ ТРАНСПОРТЕ
Authors: Курманова Шолпан Кажихамитовна , Курмашев Бауржан Бекболатович 
Published: September 2021

В статье рассмотрены вопросы по улучшению состояния по травматизму на железнодорожном транспорте, необходимости изменения подходов к проведению инструктажей и обучению работников безопасным методам к форме изложения материала, уделению основного внимания опасным факторам с показом видеоматериала. Подготовкой стендов, схем с моделированием ситуаций. Руководители должны быть заинтересованы в качественном обучении и поэтому должны принять участие в подготовке и обучении работников. Для понятия основных причин возникновения травматизма на производстве был взят обзор травматизма и проведен анализ произошедших несчастных случаев на АО «НК «ҚТЖ».
The use of visualization technologies in the engineering training of vocational education teachers
Authors: Гузанов Б.Н. , Федулова К.А. 
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматриваются вопросы повышения эффективности изучения сложных технических дисциплин путем совершенствования образовательных технологий через использование инновационных цифровых средств и ресурсов, основанных на визуализации учебных элементов. Цель статьи — рассмотреть сущность визуализации учебной информации, которая направлена не только на демонстрацию инженерных процессов и систем, но и на активизацию познавательной деятельности обучающихся и стимулирование мотивации к изучению специальных дисциплин будущей профессиональной деятельности. Теоретическая значимость статьи заключается в обосновании необходимости использования цифровых технологий визуализации для обеспечения эффективности изучения сложных инженерных дисциплин. С помощью созданного визуального фрейма работа позволяет обучать на практике будущих педагогов профессионального образования разрабатывать, модифицировать и использовать в дальнейшем компьютерные модели для подготовки инженеров. В статье по-новому на трех уровнях рассматривается сущность визуализации учебных элементов, что важно при использовании данной технологии в образовательном процессе.
The article deals with the issues of increasing the efficiency of studying complex technical disciplines by improving educational technologies through the use of innovative digital tools and resources based on the visualization of educational elements. The purpose of the article is to consider the essence of visualization of educational information, which is aimed not only at demonstrating engineering processes and systems but also at activating students’ cognitive activity and motivating them to study special disciplines of future professional activity. The theoretical significance of the article lies in the justification of the necessity of using digital visualization technologies to ensure the effectiveness of studying complex engineering disciplines. The practical significance is presented through the created visual frame, which enables high-quality training of vocational training teachers in the development, modification and further use of computer models for engineering training. The article considers the essence of educational elements visualization in a new way at three levels, which is important when using this technology in the educational process.