bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute and Chronic Temporomandibular Disorder Pain: A critical review of differentiating factors and predictors of acute to chronic pain transition
Authors: Sabsoob Omar , Elsaraj Sherif M. , Gornitsky Mervyn , Laszlo Elise , Fricton James R. , Schiffman Eric L. , Velly Ana M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsThe aims of this critical review were to: (i) assess the factors that differentiate acute from chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD) pain; (ii) assess the risk factors associated with the transition from acute to chronic TMD pain; and (iii) summarize and appraise the studies.MethodThe databases used were MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Eligible studies included articles comparing acute to chronic TMD pain, and cohort studies assessing the risk factors implicated in the transition from acute to chronic TMD pain.ResultsSeven articles were selected: one case‐control study, three cross‐sectional studies, and three cohort studies. These studies found that psychological factors were more common in chronic than acute TMD pain patients; however, these factors did not increase the transition risk in the multivariable model. Myofascial and baseline pain intensity were associated with the transition from acute to chronic TMD pain at a 6‐month follow‐up. Due to methodological weaknesses in the available literature, more research is required to establish the risk factors implicated in the transition from acute to chronic TMD pain.ConclusionThis review found some evidence that myofascial pain is associated with the transition risk from acute to chronic TMD pain at a 6‐month follow‐up and that pain intensity at baseline is associated with more intense TMD pain 6 months later. There is insufficient evidence to draw conclusions about the role of demographics and psychological disorders as independent risk factors.
PIL transcription factors directly interact with SPLs and repress tillering/branching in plants
Authors: Zhang Lichao , He Guanhua , Li Yaping , Yang Ziyi , Liu Tianqi , Xie Xianzhi , Kong Xiuying , Sun Jiaqiang 
Published: November 2021

Summary

Tillering is an important parameter of plant architecture in cereal crops. In this study, we identified the PHYTOCHROME‐INTERACTING FACTOR‐LIKE (PIL) family transcription factors as new repressors of tillering in cereal crops.

Using biochemical and genetic approaches, we explore the roles of TaPIL1 in regulating wheat plant architecture. We found that the PIL protein TaPIL1 controls tiller number in wheat.

Overexpression of TaPIL1 reduces wheat tiller number; additionally, overexpression of TaPIL1‐SUPERMAN repression domain increases wheat tiller number. Furthermore, we show that TaPIL1 activates the transcriptional expression of wheat TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (TaTB1); moreover, TaPIL1 physically interacts with wheat SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN‐LIKE (TaSPL)3/17, which are activators of TaTB1 transcription. In rice, overexpression and loss‐of‐function mutations of OsPIL11 reduce or increase tiller number by regulating the expression of OsTB1. In Arabidopsis, we demonstrate that PHYTOCHROME‐INTERACTING FACTOR 4 interacts with SPL9 to inhibit shoot branching.

This study reveals that PIL family transcription factors directly interact with SPLs and play an important role in repressing tillering/branching in plants.
‘Like jumping off a ledge into the water’: A qualitative study of trauma‐focussed imaginal exposure for hearing voices
Authors: Feary Natalie , Brand Rachel , Williams Anne , Thomas Neil 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveThere is growing evidence of a link between the experience of hearing voices and past traumatic events, and trauma‐focussed psychological interventions are being applied to hearing voices as an emerging treatment direction. To inform the ongoing development and implementation of this application, there is a need to understand clients’ therapy experiences.DesignQualitative study exploring the experience of people who received an intervention for voices linked to a previous traumatic event.MethodTen participants experiencing voices with some connection to a previous traumatic event participated in individual semi‐structured interviews following six sessions of imaginal exposure, an exposure‐based trauma‐focussed intervention. Participant responses were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsParticipants reported a range of benefits from the intervention, including improved mental health, reduction of distressing voice‐hearing experiences, and increased clarity of the traumatic event. The therapy was perceived as distinctly different to previous therapy experiences, and participants noted that therapy could be intense and challenging, yet helpful later. Participants also reported that outside circumstances impacted on their progress in therapy and their voice‐hearing experience.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that exposure‐based trauma‐focussed therapies may be beneficial for people who hear trauma‐related voices. However, this intervention can be intense and clinicians and consumers need to consider the timing of delivery, and pay attention to internal and external resources that can increase participants’ sense of safety.Practitioner points

Imaginal exposure may be an effective intervention for people who hear voices that they perceive to be associated with a past traumatic event.

Positive changes associated with the intervention may be highly variable between individuals, and encompass changes in sense of self, changes to internal states, and changes to voice‐hearing experience.

Imaginal exposure interventions may involve some temporary discomfort and symptom exacerbation, which may affect the acceptability of the intervention. This needs to be considered in both future research and clinical delivery.
Spray‐induced gene silencing targeting a glutathione S‐transferase gene improves resilience to drought in grapevine
Authors: Nerva Luca , Guaschino Micol , Pagliarani Chiara , De Rosso Mirko , Lovisolo Claudio , Chitarra Walter 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlong with the ongoing climate change, drought events are predicted to become more severe. In this context, the spray‐induced gene silencing (SIGS) technique could represent a useful strategy to improve crop stress resilience. A previous study demonstrated that the Arabidopsis mutants for a glutathione S‐transferase (GST) gene had increased abscisic acid (ABA) levels and a more activated antioxidant system, both features that improved drought resilience. Here, we used SIGS to target a putative grape GST gene (VvGST40). Then, ecophysiological, biochemical and molecular responses of ‘Chardonnay’ cuttings were analysed during a drought and recovery time‐course. Gas exchange, ABA and t‐resveratrol concentration as well as expression of stress‐related genes were monitored in not treated controls, dsRNA‐VvGST40‐ and dsRNA‐GFP‐ (negative control of the technique) treated plants, either submitted or not to drought. VvGST40‐treated plants revealed increased resilience to severe drought as attested by the ecophysiological data. Analysis of target metabolites and antioxidant‐ and ABA‐related transcripts confirmed that VvGST40‐treated plants were in a priming status compared with controls. SIGS targeting an endogenous gene was successfully applied in grapevine, confirming the ability of this technique to be exploited not only for plant protection issues but also for functional genomic studies.
Insights into ROS‐dependent signalling underlying transcriptomic plant responses to the herbicide 2,4‐D
Authors: Romero‐Puertas María C. , Peláez‐Vico Maria Ángeles , Pazmiño Diana M. , Rodríguez‐Serrano María , Terrón‐Camero Laura , Bautista Rocío , Gómez‐Cadenas Aurelio , Claros M. Gonzalo , León José , Sandalio Luisa M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe synthetic auxin 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D) functions as an agronomic weed control herbicide. High concentrations of 2,4‐D induce plant growth defects, particularly leaf epinasty and stem curvature. Although the 2,4‐D triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, little is known about its signalling. In this study, by using a null mutant in peroxisomal acyl CoA oxidase 1 (acx1‐2), we identified acyl‐coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACX1) as one of the main sources of ROS production and, in part, also causing the epinastic phenotype following 2,4‐D application. Transcriptomic analyses of wild type (WT) plants after treatment with 2,4‐D revealed a ROS‐related peroxisomal footprint in early plant responses, while other organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, are involved in later responses. Interestingly, a group of 2,4‐D‐responsive ACX1‐dependent transcripts previously associated with epinasty is related to auxin biosynthesis, metabolism, and signalling. We found that the auxin receptor auxin signalling F‐box 3 (AFB3), a component of Skp, Cullin, F‐box containing complex (SCF) (ASK‐cullin‐F‐box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which mediates auxin/indole acetic acid (AUX/IAA) degradation by the 26S proteasome, acts downstream of ACX1 and is involved in the epinastic phenotype induced by 2,4‐D. We also found that protein degradation associated with ubiquitin E3‐RING and E3‐SCF‐FBOX in ACX1‐dependent signalling in plant responses to 2,4‐D is significantly regulated over longer treatment periods.
The volatile cedrene from Trichoderma guizhouense modulates Arabidopsis root development through auxin transport and signalling
Authors: Li Yucong , Shao Jiahui , Fu Yansong , Chen Yu , Wang Hongzhe , Xu Zhihui , Feng Haichao , Xun Weibing , Liu Yunpeng , Zhang Nan , Shen Qirong , Xuan Wei , Zhang Ruifu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRhizosphere microorganisms interact with plant roots by producing chemical signals that regulate root development. However, the distinct bioactive compounds and signal transduction pathways remain to be identified. Here, we showed that sesquiterpenes are the main volatile compounds produced by plant‐beneficial Trichoderma guizhouense NJAU4742. Inhibition of sesquiterpene biosynthesis eliminated the promoting effect of this strain on root growth, indicating its involvement in plant‐fungus cross‐kingdom signalling. Sesquiterpene component analysis identified cedrene, a highly abundant sesquiterpene in strain NJAU4742, to stimulate plant growth and root development. Genetic analysis and auxin transport inhibition showed that the TIR1 and AFB2 auxin receptors, IAA14 auxin‐responsive protein, and ARF7 and ARF19 transcription factors affected the response of lateral roots to cedrene. Moreover, the AUX1 auxin influx carrier and PIN2 efflux carrier were also found to be indispensable for cedrene‐induced lateral root formation. Confocal imaging showed that cedrene affected the expression of pPIN2:PIN2:GFP and pPIN3:PIN3:GFP, which might be related to the effect of cedrene on root morphology. These results suggested that a novel sesquiterpene molecule from plant‐beneficial T. guizhouense regulates plant root development through the transport and signalling of auxin.
“That's when the relationship shifted”: Relational and communicative turning points in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias
Authors: Cooper R. Amanda , Pitts Margaret J. , Harwood Jake 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the relational turning points experienced by caregiving spouses across the trajectory of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Data were collected using a modified version of the retrospective interviewing technique which facilitated close analysis of relational turning points and the role of communication in shaping and managing these turning points. Caregiving spouses described nine relational turning points across the disease trajectory. The turning points coalesced under four broad changes in the marital relationship: my spouse has dementia, from spouse to caregiver, my spouse is gone, and transcending dementia through love. Participants used five communication strategies to manage their relationships: having open and intimate conversations, avoiding confrontation, avoiding bringing attention to symptoms, engaging in daily conversations and activities, and communicating love and affection. Findings reveal the specific turning points that mark relational change across the disease trajectory and caregiving spouses' strategies to maintain their relationship through this prolonged end‐of‐life transition.
Genetic testing and insurance implications: Surveying the US general population about discrimination concerns and knowledge of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA)
Authors: Prince Anya E. R. , Uhlmann Wendy R. , Suter Sonia M. , Scherer Aaron M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGlobally, due to public concerns of genetic discrimination, some countries and insurance industries have adopted policies restricting insurer use of genetic information, such as the US Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA). This study reports on a combined analysis of two surveys assessing public knowledge of GINA and concerns of genetic discrimination in a diverse US sample (N = 1616). We focus on whether occupation, genetic testing history, and insurance status are correlated with knowledge of GINA or concerns of discrimination. While bivariate analysis identified some populations with higher subjective/objective knowledge and concern relative to counterparts, multivariable regression identified very few significant associations with outcomes of interest. Overall, this study highlights a lack of awareness and understanding of GINA, even among subpopulations hypothesized to have greater knowledge of the law. These findings have implications for the broader debate around insurer use of genetic information.
Dynamic version of Okun’s law in the EU15 countries—The role of delays in the unemployment‐output nexus
Authors: Obst Thomas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper estimates Okun's law in the EU15 countries between 1980 and 2018. It employs different versions with a focus on the dynamic part of the short‐run relationship. We find that the negative relationship between unemployment and output generally holds over time. However, Okun's coefficient varies substantially across countries. The dynamic version can shed light on different country estimates found in the literature. The paper argues that lag effects need to be considered to avoid possible misspecification. A mixed‐lag structure indirectly controls for potential missing explanatory variables such as the role of labour market institutions.
Human–buffalo conflicts and intimacies in ‘modernising’ Nepal
Authors: Fuller Sascha 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn Nepal ‘development’ (bikas) frames local socio‐cultural practices, including gendered and environmental practices, with lasting gendered and ecological outcomes. This tension is at the heart of everyday life in Ludigaun, a Bahun (high caste Hindu) village in West Nepal. Utilising a framework of a local familiar tension between ‘traditional’ ideas/practices and those imagined through ‘modernity’, I draw on ethnographic material describing a year‐long family conflict over keeping buffalo, to allow the tension and contradictions inherent in village life – of gender, generations, and caste – and their articulation with national and global relations – to come into focus. For an older generation of women, their work and relationships with buffalo are at stake, presenting an uncertain future and a possible crisis of identity and of place. I argue that the relationship between these women and their buffalo extends beyond material needs and is a crucial emotional attachment; it is an intimate ‘mode of care’ that is integral to village social reproduction. Women's work with buffalo (although it has no positive status of its own) demonstrates the older generation of women are not passive but active players in constituting caste, gendered and social status identities. Keeping buffalo is fundamental to the ways in which and older generation of Bahun women exert their influence. Building on the work of Campbell (Animals in Person: Cultural Perspectives on Human–Animal Intimacies, 2005b, pp. 79–100; Living Between Juniper and Palm: Nature, Culture and Power in the Himalayas, 2013), Tsing (The Mushroom at the End of the World: On the Possibility of Life in Capitalist Ruins, 2015), Harraway (Staying with the Trouble: Making Kin in the Chthulucene, 2016) and Govindrajan (Animal Intimacies: Interspecies Relatedness in India’s Central Himalayas, 2018), the human–buffalo relationship presented here demonstrates the human–animal relationship as a key relationship of value to Bahun women at a time when the out‐migration phenomenon has taken their children away. I argue that in this way, and at a time when human–environment relationships are increasingly disembedded, human–buffalo relationships in West Nepal emphasise a unity between humans and their environment and remind us that intimacy and becoming are multispecies affairs.
Letermovir conversion after valganciclovir treatment in cytomegalovirus high‐risk abdominal solid organ transplant recipients may promote development of cytomegalovirus‐specific cell mediated immunity
Authors: Jorgenson Margaret R , Kleiboeker Hanna , Garg Neetika , Parajuli Sandesh , Mandelbrot Didier A , Odorico Jon S , Saddler Christopher M , Smith Jeannina A 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the association of conversion from valganciclovir to letermovir on cytomegalovirus‐specific cellular immunity.MethodsAdult patients were included if they received a kidney or liver transplant between 8/1/2018‐12/31/20, developed symptomatic, high‐level CMV viremia and were converted to letermovir 480 mg daily as monotherapy after treatment with ganciclovir‐derivatives for a minimum of 4 weeks and had subsequent CMV cell‐mediated immunity (CMI) testing via ICS assay by flow cytometry (Viracor Eurofins T Cell Immunity Panel).ResultsSeven patients met inclusion criteria; 87.5% were male and recipients of a kidney transplant. All patients were CMV high risk (D+/R‐). Mean time from transplant to CMV disease was 200 ± 91 days. Peak viral load (VL) during CMV treatment was 540,341 ± 391,211 IU/mL. Patients received a mean of 30 ± 24 weeks (range: 4‐78 weeks) of therapy with ganciclovir‐derivatives at induction doses prior to letermovir introduction. The median absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) at letermovir initiation was 400/μL (IQR 575) and the median VL was 51.6 (range: ND‐490) IU/mL. Most patients (n = 5/7, 71.4%) experienced an increase in VL 1 and/or 2 weeks after conversion to letermovir. All patients had positive CMI per ICS assay after conversion. Patients received a mean of 10.3 ± 6.9 weeks of letermovir prior to having a positive result. Median ALC at positivity was 900/μL. Immunosuppression was not further reduced from initiation of letermovir to demonstration of CMV CMI. No patient had progressive replication or breakthrough disease while maintained on letermovir and three patients (42.9%) underwent antiviral withdrawal without recurrence at the last follow‐up.ConclusionIn this case series of abdominal transplant recipients with severe or persistent CMV infection, patients developed CMV‐specific CMI after conversion to letermovir monotherapy. These data suggest that using letermovir in place of valganciclovir for secondary prophylaxis may address the lack of efficacy previously seen with this approach, as well as the issues that plague antiviral withdrawal with systematic monitoring. Future prospective studies are needed to evaluate this effect in a more controlled research environment with serial CMI testing to elucidate the optimal duration of letermovir when used in this way
Scientific and psychosocial ethical considerations for initial clinical trials of kidney xenotransplantation
Authors: Hurst Daniel J. , Padilla Luz A. , Cooper David K.C. , Paris Wayne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe initial clinical trials of pig solid organ xenotransplantation (XTx) are drawing closer and could begin in the coming years. The first clinical trials may aim to transplant genetically‐modified pig kidneys into adult humans. The impetus for beginning these first‐in‐human trials is the severe lack of deceased donor kidneys for transplantation and the number of patients with end‐stage renal disease currently on transplant waitlists, which in the USA approaches 100 000. The majority of patients on the kidney transplant waitlist receive continuous renal replacement therapy. In the United States, for patients on the kidney waitlist, the median wait‐time to receive a deceased human donor organ is approximately 4.5 years for patients aged 45–74, with a 5‐year mortality (or removal from the waitlist because of deteriorating health) of approximately 40%. XTx has the potential to reduce the kidney waitlist morbidity and mortality while improving quality of life. By focusing on scientific and psychosocial criteria, we present ethical considerations of certain inclusion and exclusion criteria for these first‐in‐human clinical trials that we suggest have not yet been fully explored.
ARE YOU WHO YOU SAY YOU ARE? COMPUTER SCIENCE AND THE PROBLEM OF DIVINE SELF‐AUTHENTICATION
Authors: McFarlane Andrew 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA vital axiom of Reformed theology is that God is who God claims to be, and that he acts to “self‐authenticate” his identity to humans through the internal witness of the Holy Spirit. But how ought theologians to represent and make sense of the multiform nature of divine self‐authentication (DSA)? And can their models account for the various kinds of evidence God utilizes in acts of DSA, or explain why doubt and deception about divine identity persists despite it? Operating at the intersection of theology and computer science, this study examines how modern authentication technologies can deepen theological reflection upon the nature, evidence, and efficacy of DSA. It proposes that computer authentication “trust systems”: (1) offer a valuable schematic for representing the variegated structural patterns inherent in DSA; (2) shed critical light on the forms and functions of evidence used in DSA; and (3) provide strategies and practical measures for offsetting the continuing risk of deception about human and divine identity.
Designing and Testing a Closed-Loop Magnetically Actuated Laser Scanning System for Tissue Ablation
Authors: Mohammadbagherpoor Hamed , Acemoglu Alperen , Mattos Leonardo S. , Caldwell Darwin , Johnson James J. , Muth John , Grant Edward 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Biomedical robotic systems continue to hold unlimited potential for surgical procedures. Robotized laser endoscopic tools provide surgeons with increased accuracy in the laser ablation of tissue and tumors. The research here catalogs the design and implementation of a new laser endoscopic tool for tissue ablation. A novel feature of this new device is the inclusion of a feedback loop that measures the position of the laser beam via a photodetector sensor. The scale of this new device was governed by the dimensions of the photodetector sensor. The tip of the laser's fiber optic cable is controlled by the torque interaction between permanent magnet rings surrounding the fiber-optic and the custom-designed solenoid coils. Prior to building the physical test-bed, the system was modeled and simulated using comsol software. In preclinical trials, the physical experimental results showed that the designed prototype laser scanner system accurately tracks different ablation patterns and gives a consistent output position for the laser beam; however, the heat diffusion into the tissue around the desired line of the geometric shape would give wider ablation margins than was desirable.