bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is there a relationship between anti-HPA-1a concentration and severity of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia?
Authors: Bessos H. , Turner M. , Urbaniak S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
There is uncertainty about the relationship between anti-HPA-1a levels and severity of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT). To investigate this relationship further, the concentration of anti-HPA-1a in HPA-1b homozygous women was determined, using a newly developed quantitative ELISA that uses purified anti-HPA-1a to obtain a standard curve. Seventy-eight samples collected from 22 HPA-1b homozygous pregnant women at various stages of pregnancy were tested. These included five women who had delivered babies with severe NAIT. A national HPA-1a antibody standard (NIBSC 93/710), designated as 1 arbitrary unit/mL (AU/mL), was used in each ELISA to calibrate the purified anti-HPA-1a, enabling the presentation of results as AU/mL. Moreover, selected samples were also assayed by PAK 12 and their reactivity compared with quantity of antibody. The use of the purified HPA-1a antibody yielded consistent sigmoid curves, enabling the measurement of HPA-1a antibody concentration in the test samples. The antibody concentration was significantly correlated with the antibody titer in the 78 samples studied (R = 0.54, p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between PAK 12 and the quantitative ELISA in a selected number of cases, with or without NAIT (R = 0.71, n = 10; p < 0.02). On the other hand, there was no correlation of antibody concentration with NAIT incidence (R = –0.046). This study indicates that there is no relationship between anti-HPA-1a concentration and severity of NAIT when ELISA is used, although the correlation between ELISA and other methods, such as monoclonal antibody immobilization of platelet antigens (MAIPA) assay, remains to be determined.
Immunohematology

2005;21:102–108.
Review: complement receptor 1 therapeutics for prevention of immune hemolysis
Authors: Yazdanbakhsh K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The complement system plays a crucial role in fighting infections and is an important link between the innate and adaptive immune responses. However, inappropriate complement activation can cause tissue damage, and it underlies the pathology of many diseases. In the transfusion medicine setting, complement sensitization of RBCs can lead to both intravascular and extravascular destruction. Moreover, complement deficiencies are associated with autoimmune disorders, including autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). Complement receptor 1 (CR1) is a large single-pass glycoprotein that is expressed on a variety of cell types in blood, including RBCs and immune cells. Among its multiple functions is its ability to inhibit complement activation. Furthermore, gene knockout studies in mice implicate a role for CR1 (along with the alternatively spliced gene product CR2) in prevention of autoimmunity. This review discusses the possibility that the CR1 protein may be manipulated to prevent and treat AIHA. In addition, it will be shown in an in vivo mouse model of transfusion reaction that recombinant soluble forms of CR1 can reduce complement-mediated RBC destruction, thereby prolonging survival of transfused RBCs. It is proposed that CR1-based therapeutics have potential for effective and safe prophylactic short-term use and for treatment of hemolytic transfusion reactions.
Immunohematology

2005;21:109–118.
A bicarbonate anion-dependent anti-’N’ MoAb
Authors: Iyer Y.S. , Vasantha K. , Joshi S.R. , Patwardhan M. , Pujari V. , Jadhav S. , Mohanty D. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
While studying the serologic characteristics of certain monoclonal blood group antibodies, we observed a hybridoma clone (5A- 11E10) with anti-N–like serologic specificity that was dependent on the presence of the bicarbonate anion. The diluted cell culture supernatant preferentially agglutinated M–N+ RBCs by immediate spin. This supernatant also agglutinated M–N+ RBCs that had been treated with trypsin or sialidase (to remove N-reactivity), suggesting anti-’N’ activity. Anti-’N’ specificity was confirmed by the supernatant’s non-reactivity with N+ RBCs treated with papain (to remove ‘N’ reactivity) or with (‘N’-negative) M+N–U– RBCs. The requirement for bicarbonate in the MoAb’s formulation was not a function of pH. Both sodium and ammonium bicarbonate supported agglutination, but neither sulfate nor carbonate was effective.
Case report: exacerbation of hemolytic anemia requiring multiple incompatible RBC transfusions
Authors: Svensson A.M. , Bushor S. , Fung M.K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
RBC transfusions in a patient with a history of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) can represent both a laboratory and a clinical challenge. The development of high-titer low-avidity antibodies and antibodies to high-frequency antigens may further impair the ability to identify compatible donor RBCs. Not infrequently, incompatible RBCs must be used and the desire to increase oxygen carrying capacity conflicts with the desire to avoid exacerbating the autoimmune hemolytic process with RBC transfusions. A 66-year-old Caucasian female with coronary artery disease and a history of refractory AIHA had recently developed anemia and required multiple RBC transfusions. The patient had maintained adequate RBC counts with erythropoietin and prednisone therapy for the previous 16 months. With the recent worsening of her hemolytic anemia, she had developed angina that was treated with RBC transfusions in an outpatient setting. However, her angina increased as her RBC counts decreased, leading to hospital admission for further management of her hemolytic anemia and angina. She subsequently required multiple incompatbile RBC transfusions despite increased prednisone therapy and did not improve until after coronary artery stent placement and high dose IVIG therapy. This case demonstrates the usefulness of early patient phenotyping in a case of accelerating hemolytic anemia to aid in donor RBC selection, the value of communicating with clinicians and the patient regarding the use of least-incompatible RBCs, and the importance of optimizing the patient’s clinical condition to avoid ischemia. In addition, it demonstrates the value of repeated attempts with IVIG treatment despite previous refractoriness to this treatment.
Water leakage detection and localization using hydraulic modeling and classification
Authors: Mohammed Eliyas Girma , Zeleke Ethiopia Bisrat , Abebe Surafel Lemma 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A significant percentage of treated water is lost due to leakage in water distribution systems. The state-of-the-art leak detection and localization schemes use a hybrid approach to hydraulic modeling and data-driven techniques. Most of these works, however, focus on single leakage detection and localization. In this research, we propose to use combined pressure and flow residual data to detect and localize multiple leaks. The proposed approach has two phases: detection and localization. The detection phase uses the combination of pressure and flow residuals to build a hydraulic model and classification algorithm to identify leaks. The localization phase analyzes the pattern of isolated leak residuals to localize multiple leaks. To evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, we conducted experiments using Hanoi Water Network benchmark and a dataset produced based on LeakDB benchmark's dataset preparation procedure. The result for a well-calibrated hydraulic model shows that leak detection is 100% accurate while localization is 90% accurate, thereby outperforming minimum night flow and raw- and residual-based methods in localizing leaks. The proposed approach performed relatively well with the introduction of demand and noise uncertainty. The proposed localization approach is also able to locate two to four leaks that existed simultaneously.
Growth of science in activated sludge modelling – a critical bibliometric review
Authors: Ahnert Markus , Krebs Peter 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the tool of bibliometric analysis is applied to the field of activated sludge modelling and its suitability as a first step of a literature analysis is assessed. The analysis is applied to the total dataset considered as well as a time-based classification. It can be shown that this tool is very well suited to filtering the relevant authors and publications, thus enabling a subsequent visual review. The methodology presented can also be applied to sub-disciplines or other subject areas. However, the sole use of the multiple statistical and visual tools is critically questioned. Thus, misinterpretations and apparent findings can result from structural problems in the data or parameters used. Not all of the metrics used are suitable for finding relevant publications, but rather for ranking the criteria studied. However, the latter represents the most widespread application of bibliometrics. From the analysis of the keywords, it could be deduced that there has been a temporal shift from fundamental model aspects to detailed questions such as the integration of sorption and adsorption processes or anaerobic digestion. The modelling of biological phosphorus removal has also surprisingly lost a great amount of importance in the scientific literature.
Integration of Digital Tools Into Community Mental Health Care Settings That Serve Young People: Focus Group Study
Authors: Knapp Ashley A , Cohen Katherine , Nicholas Jennifer , Mohr David C , Carlo Andrew D , Skerl Joshua J , Lattie Emily G 
Published: May 2021

Background
Digital mental health tools have substantial potential to be easily integrated into people’s lives and fundamentally impact public health. Such tools can extend the reach and maximize the impact of mental health interventions. Before implementing digital tools in new settings, it is critical to understand what is important to organizations and individuals who will implement and use these tools. Given that young people are highly familiar with technology and many mental health concerns emerge in childhood and adolescence, it is especially crucial to understand how digital tools can be integrated into settings that serve young people.

Objective
This study aims to learn about considerations and perspectives of community behavioral health care providers on incorporating digital tools into their clinical care for children and adolescents.

Methods
Data were analyzed from 5 focus groups conducted with clinicians (n=37) who work with young people at a large community service organization in the United States. This organization provides care to more than 27,000 people annually, most of whom are of low socioeconomic status. The transcripts were coded using thematic analysis.

Results
Clinicians first provided insight into the digital tools they were currently using in their treatment sessions with young people, such as web-based videos and mood-tracking apps. They explained that their main goals in using these tools were to help young people build skills, facilitate learning, and monitor symptoms. Benefits were expressed, such as engagement of adolescents in treatment, along with potential challenges (eg, accessibility and limited content) and developmental considerations (eg, digital devices getting taken away as punishment). Clinicians discussed their desire for a centralized digital platform that securely connects the clinician, young person, and caregivers. Finally, they offered several considerations for integrating digital tools into mental health care, such as setting up expectations with clients and the importance of human support.

Conclusions
Young people have unique considerations related to complex accessibility patterns and technology expectations that may not be observed when adults are the intended users of mental health technologies. Therefore, these findings provide critical insights to inform the development of future tools, specifically regarding connectivity, conditional restraints (eg, devices taken away as punishment and school restrictions), expectations of users from different generations, and the blended nature in which digital tools can support young people.
Evaluasi Luaran Klinis Terapi Antibiotika pada Pasien Anak Rawat Inap Dengan Infeksi Saluran Kemih di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta
Authors: Adhitama Widya , Puspitasari Ika , Laksanawati Ida Safitri 
Published: May 2021

Infeksi Saluran Kemih (ISK) merupakan penyakit infeksi yang sering terjadi pada anak selain infeksi saluran nafas atas dan diare di negara berkembang. Salah satu terapi yang diberikan adalah antibiotik, pemilihan antibiotik harus didasarkan pola resistensi bakteri lokal. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menilai hubungan rasionalitas antibiotik empiris terhadap luaran klinis pasien anak rawat inap dengan ISK di Rumah Sakit dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional menggunakan rancangan deskriptif-analitik dengan desain cohort retrospektif. Subyek penelitian adalah pasien anak rawat inap dengan ISK di Rumah Sakit dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta periode 1 Januari 2016 – 31 Desember 2018. Jumlah pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi sebanyak 63 pasien dengan 70 regimen antibiotik. Rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik empiris dievaluasi menggunakan metode Gyssens. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan antibiotik empiris yang rasional yaitu sebesar 84,3% (59 regimen), dan yang tidak rasional sebesar 15,7% (11 regimen). Pada penggunaan antibiotik yang rasional dan memberikan luaran klinis membaik sebesar 82,9%, dan dianalisis dengan uji Fisher menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara rasionalitas antibiotik empiris terhadap luaran klinis pasien anak ISK dengan nilai p=0,011. Gambaran pola bakteri pada pasien ISK anak yaitu bakteri yang menginfeksi terbesar dari bakteri gram negatif (81,97%) dan bakteri gram positif sebesar 18,03%.
The Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Impoverished Communities in Northern Lima, Peru
Authors: Kramer Adam Samuel , Thomas Michaella , Makowski Andrew , Drozek David 
Published: May 2021

Context: Vitamin D deficiency is a global concern. There are many factors that affect the levels of vitamin D including demographics, gender, skin pigmentation, geographic location, and body mass index (BMI). In Lima, Peru, vitamin D levels may be influenced by ethnicity, socioeconomic status, overcrowded conditions, air pollution, and chronic disease status.
Objective: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to measure the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in a sample of impoverished adults living in northern Lima. It was hypothesized that more than 40% of the study sample would have deficient levels of vitamin D. The Endocrine Society defines deficient levels asbeing < 20 ng/mL of 25(OH)D3, insufficient being 21–29 ng/mL of 25(OH)D3.
Methods: In June 2016, a Global Health team from Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine provided medical clinics in impoverished communities in northern Lima. From a random sample of consenting adults, finger stick capillary blood samples were applied to Whatman protein saver cards and subsequently dried.Dried blood samples were punched, extracted, and analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Participants had BMI measured as well.
Results: 25(OH)D3 samples were obtained from 144 adults, 116 (80.6%) women, 20 (13.9%) men, 8 (5.6%) unspecified gender, age range of 18–94 with a mean of 39 years. In 66 patients (45.8%), 25(OH)D3 was deficient. In 74 patients (51.4%), 25(OH)D3 was insufficient. In 4 patients (2.8%), 25(OH)D3 was sufficient. For the women, 57 (49.1%) were deficient, 56 (48.3%) insufficient. For the men, 7 (35%) were deficient, 13 (65%) insufficient. Mean BMI was 27.3, with a range of 17.3–43.3; 40.3% were overweight and 23.6% were obese. No relationship between vitamin D levels and gender was identified (p = 0.203). There was no significant association betweenBMI levels and vitamin D levels (p = 0.418).
Conclusions: In this sample, nearly one half of those tested had deficient levels of 25(OH)D3, with the vast majority (97%) having less than sufficient levels. This study population also demonstrated an average BMI of 27.3. Further study is needed to clarify the role of vitamin D as a therapeutic and its relationship with BMI.
Manuel António Pina entre Rossellini e Shindo: os procedimentos neo-relistas dum regresso à infância
Authors: Nenê Paulo 
Published: May 2021

A obra poética de Manuel António Pina distingue-se pela tentativa de atingir a primordialidade (a infância) nos arredores do verbo. A memória afigura-se deste modo como o principal mecanismo capaz de superar a barreira do tempo e assim aproximar o sujeito poético da sua realidade perdida. A poesia de Manuel António Pina, pautada pela isotopia do regresso, consubstancia na sua totalidade imagens puras dum tempo perdido em muito similares aos planos-sequências do neo-realismo italiano. O presente trabalho tem por objectivo estudar o modo como a imagem fílmica assegura uma ligação cósmica e colectiva muito forte entre o ser e o objecto recordado, tal como o processo de rememoração encetado pelo poeta português, um pouco à maneira dum filme documentário neo-realista.
Putusan Tentang Pemidanaan Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penadahan
Authors: Listiana Listiana , Sudarti Elly 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis putusan dalam tindak pidana penadahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Keputusan Pengadilan Negeri Sarolangun menunjukkan dalam penjatuhan pidana, hakim belum menerapkan ketentuan sanksi pidana yang terdapat dalam Undang-Undang secara maksimal. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari pemidanaan yang dijatuhkan terhadap pelaku penadahan kurang dari 1 (satu) tahun penjara, sementara ancaman maksimal dari tindak pidana penadahan adalah 4 (empat) tahun penjara. Hal ini mengakibatkan pemidanaan tidak akan memberikan efek jera bagi pelaku.
ABSTRACT
This article aims to find out and analyze the verdict of criminal offence. The research methods is normative research. The Sarolangun District Court's decision shows that in a criminal sentence, the judge did not apply the provisions of criminal sanctions contained in the law to the maximum. This can be seen from the punishment imposed on perpetrators of detention of less than 1 (one) year in prison, while the maximum threat of criminal offense is 4 (four) years in prison. This resulted in the punishment will not give a deterrent effect for the offender.
Kedudukan Hukum Deponeering dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana
Authors: Ratnasari Desi , Lasmadi Sahuri , Sudarti Elly 
Published: May 2021

This article aims to identify and analyze the legal implications and analyze the regulation of public interest as a condition for implementing deponeering by the Attorney General for the sake of the public interest in the perspective of the development of criminal procedural law. This research is a legal research, obtained from statutory studies (statute approach), concept (conceptual approach), cases. The result of this research is that there is discrimination against equality before the law contained in Article 27 Paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and can trigger misinterpretation by the Attorney General. Then in its implementation there is no clear regulation regarding the application of the opportunity principle related to the authority of the attorney general in the implementation of case waiver (deponeering) for the public interest in the Criminal Procedure Code.
Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis implikasi hukum serta menganalisis terhadap regulasi kepentingan umum sebagai syarat pelaksanaan pengesampingan perkara (deponeering) oleh Jaksa Agung demi kepentingan umum dalam prespektif perkembangan hukum acara pidana. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum, yang diperoleh dari studi perundang-undangan (statute approach), konsep (conceptual approach), kasus. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah adanya diskriminatif terhadap equality before the law yang terdapat dalam Pasal 27 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 dan dapat memicu salah tafsir oleh Jaksa Agung. Lalu di dalam pelaksanaannya belum terdapat regulasi yang jelas mengenai penerapan asas oportunitas yang berhubungan dengan kewenangan jaksa agung dalam pelaksanaan pengesampingan perkara (deponeering) demi kepentingan umum di dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum acara Pidana (KUHAP).
Nonfinancial Measures and Fraud Risk: Evaluating Investors' Reactions to Greater Transparency
Authors: Brazel Joseph F. , Carpenter Tina D. , Jones Keith L. , Thayer Jane M. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
We examine whether increased transparency in the comparison of financial measures and nonfinancial measures (NFMs) influences nonprofessional investors' reactions to the risk of fraudulent financial reporting. We consider a comparison of key financial measures and NFMs to be transparent when the relevant information is presented in close proximity and formatted to provide an easy comparison of the individual measures. We manipulate the presence of an NFM red flag and the transparency of the comparison of financial measures and NFMs. We find that when the NFM red flag is present (i.e., higher fraud risk) and transparent, investors choose lower investment levels. However, without increased transparency, as is typical in the current reporting environment, we observe that investors are more likely to increase their investment levels in firms with elevated fraud risk. Additionally, we observe that the effect of transparency on investment levels is driven by investors with greater investing experience.
Data Availability: Contact the authors.
JEL Classifications: M40; M41; M48.
Valoración de la herramienta Google Drive durante el trabajo colaborativo universitario
Authors: Rangel Romero Miguel Ángel , Íñiguez Carrillo Adriana Lorena , López Villalvazo Abraham Jair 
Published: May 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación, cuyo enfoque fue descriptivo y transversal, se enfocó en conocer la opinión de estudiantes universitarios sobre su experiencia al utilizar Google Drive para trabajar de manera colaborativa. El tema abordado con dicha estrategia colaborativa fue la elaboración del planteamiento del problema de una investigación, apartado constituido por la contextualización del tema, su justificación y las preguntas y objetivos de investigación. Los participantes fueron alumnos inscritos en las asignaturas Metodología y Práctica de la Investigación de la licenciatura en Negocios Internacionales (LINI) y Metodología de la Investigación de la carrera de Médico Cirujano Partero (MCP) del ciclo escolar 19-B (antes de la pandemia covid-19) en el Centro Universitario del Sur (CUSur). Los resultados demuestran que Google Drive resultó de gran ayuda para desarrollar cada una de las tareas indicadas. De hecho, los alumnos identificaron como atractivo su uso, pues al poder compartir y modificar documentos en la nube pudieron vencer las barreras de los horarios y de la presencia física.