bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Intimates
Authors: Kommoss Paula 
Published: June 2021

AbstractContemporary digital technology is dramatically changing the ways in which intimacy is perceived. To be able to stay in touch, one is dependent on virtual forms of communication through computers and smartphones. These modes of online communication are increasingly generating the paradox of physical anonymity and virtual intimacy. The increasing touch-responsiveness of tablets responds to the current concern that through a constant touching of the screen, one may argue, that the human touch becomes redundant. Nevertheless the notion of touch will remain relevant, allowing for a critical investigation of the use of physical tactility within contemporary art, by examining a range of artistic approaches to bodily closeness in the post-digital age.
Technik, Pflegeinnovation und Implementierungsbedingungen
Authors: Zerth Jürgen , Jaensch Peter , Müller Sebastian 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungPflegeinnovationen liegen in technischer Hinsicht in mannigfaltiger Weise vor, finden aber nur sehr unzureichend Umsetzung in die Pflegepraxis. Dabei greifen Pflegetechnologien in vielfältiger Hinsicht an den Sorgebeziehungen Pflege an. Die Auswahl und Implementierung von Pflegetechnologien verändert das soziotechnische System Pflege, d. h. es gilt der Blick sowohl auf die handelnden Akteure als auch auf die begleitenden Strukturen sowie die durch Technik veränderten Auf- und Ablaufprozesse zu nehmen. Erfolgreiche Implementierungen können vom Wissen der Akteure und der Einrichtungen über gelingende Adoptionsbedingungen profitieren. Gleichwohl gilt es festzuhalten, dass im Pflegebereich, insbesondere im organisierten Bereich, den verschiedenen Handlungsrollen zwischen Nutzern, Nutznießern und Nachfragern Rechnung getragen werden muss. Die Frage der Verbreitung von Technologien im Sinne einer Diffusion benötigt jedoch neben einer gelungenen Adoptierbarkeit in einem pflegerischen Setting belastbare Hinweise zur Transferierbarkeit in ähnliche Pflegekontexte. Hier systematisches Pflegewissen institutionell zu fördern, auch als Teil einer Reformulierung von Infrastrukturen, kann zur effektiveren und effizienteren Nutzung von Technologien für die und mit der Pflege führen.
Gerechte Priorisierungen?
Authors: Lob-Hüdepohl Andreas 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Sars-CoV-2-Pandemie hat von Anfang an Priorisierungen erforderlich gemacht. Oberstes Ziel war und ist die Verhinderung schwerster und letaler Krankheitsverläufe sowie eines Kollapses der Gesundheitssystems. Die dazu erforderliche umfassende Strategie der körperlichen Distanz hat zu erheblichen Schäden geführt, die auch die gesundheitliche Versorgung vieler erkrankter und pflegebedürftiger Menschen betraf. Priorisierungen sind der Versuch, Bevorzugungen und die damit unweigerlich verbundenen Hintanstellungen von Personen durch eine nachvollziehbare, kriteriengeleitete Güterabwägung moralisch zu begründen. Oberstes und als einziges absolut geltendes Kriterium ist die Menschenwürde. Sie steht für die Selbstzwecklichkeit jedes Menschen und seinen Anspruch auf Zugehörigkeit zur menschlichen Gemeinschaft. Gerade im Bereich der Pflege wird die Zugehörigkeit über leibliche Berührungen zwischen den Pflegebedürftigen und ihren An- und Zugehörigen sowie den Pflegefachkräften erfahrbar. Genau diese Taktilität wird durch die soziale Isolation unterbunden. Und selbst die medizinische Triage wirkt sich bis in die Pflege aus.
Weak gravity bounds in asymptotic string compactifications
Authors: Bastian Brice , Grimm Thomas W. , van de Heisteeg Damian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We study the charge-to-mass ratios of BPS states in four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supergravities arising from Calabi-Yau threefold compactifications of Type IIB string theory. We present a formula for the asymptotic charge-to-mass ratio valid for all limits in complex structure moduli space. This is achieved by using the sl(2)-structure that emerges in any such limit as described by asymptotic Hodge theory. The asymptotic charge-to-mass formula applies for sl(2)-elementary states that couple to the graviphoton asymptotically. Using this formula, we determine the radii of the ellipsoid that forms the extremality region of electric BPS black holes, which provides us with a general asymptotic bound on the charge-to-mass ratio for these theories. Finally, we comment on how these bounds for the Weak Gravity Conjecture relate to their counterparts in the asymptotic de Sitter Conjecture and Swampland Distance Conjecture.
Clifford Spinors and Root System Induction: $$H_4$$ and the Grand Antiprism
Authors: Dechant Pierre-Philippe 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRecent work has shown that every 3D root system allows the construction of a corresponding 4D root system via an ‘induction theorem’. In this paper, we look at the icosahedral case of $$H_3\rightarrow H_4$$

H
3

→

H
4

in detail and perform the calculations explicitly. Clifford algebra is used to perform group theoretic calculations based on the versor theorem and the Cartan–Dieudonné theorem, giving a simple construction of the $${\mathrm {Pin}}$$
Pin
and $${\mathrm {Spin}}$$
Spin
covers. Using this connection with $$H_3$$

H
3

via the induction theorem sheds light on geometric aspects of the $$H_4$$

H
4

root system (the 600-cell) as well as other related polytopes and their symmetries, such as the famous Grand Antiprism and the snub 24-cell. The uniform construction of root systems from 3D and the uniform procedure of splitting root systems with respect to subrootsystems into separate invariant sets allows further systematic insight into the underlying geometry. All calculations are performed in the even subalgebra of $${\mathrm {Cl}}(3)$$

Cl
(
3
)

, including the construction of the Coxeter plane, which is used for visualising the complementary pairs of invariant polytopes, and are shared as supplementary computational work sheets. This approach therefore constitutes a more systematic and general way of performing calculations concerning groups, in particular reflection groups and root systems, in a Clifford algebraic framework.
Detecting Karst Voids Based on Dominant Frequencies of Seismic Profiles
Authors: Rao Ying , Guo Yongxin , Xu Duo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe presence of near-surface karst voids is an extremely difficult issue in the construction of a high-speed rail (HSR) foundation. Seismic constant-offset profile (COP) method is one of the shallow geophysics technologies which may be used for the detection of karst voids. Although a COP image does not directly reveal the characters related to the anomalies in a karst terrain, the dominant frequency of the COP image in a karst terrain is significantly lower than the dominant frequency over the background without karstification or voids. This dominant-frequency anomaly is due to the strong attenuation effect when seismic waves propagate through any karst voids. Thus, we propose using the dominant-frequency anomalies of the COP image to directly detect near-surface karst voids in a karst terrain. First, we generate a high-resolution time–frequency spectrum for each COP trace, using the modified Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD) algorithm which combines WVD with a multichannel maximum entropy method. Second, we estimate a high-precision dominant-frequency function which varies along the reflection time, based on the corresponding high-resolution time–frequency spectrum. Finally, we detect the geological anomalies by analyzing low-frequency distributions in the dominant-frequency image for all traces. We demonstrate this procedure with a case study for the detection of karst voids within the high-speed rail foundation in a karst terrain, and verify the interpretation of hidden voids, cavities, clays and peats directly with drilling cores.
Sheaves of maximal intersection and multiplicities of stable log maps
Authors: Choi Jinwon , van Garrel Michel , Katz Sheldon , Takahashi Nobuyoshi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA great number of theoretical results are known about log Gromov–Witten invariants (Abramovich and Chen in Asian J Math 18:465–488, 2014; Chen in Ann Math (2) 180:455–521, 2014; Gross and Siebert J Am Math Soc 26: 451–510, 2013), but few calculations are worked out. In this paper we restrict to surfaces and to genus 0 stable log maps of maximal tangency. We ask how various natural components of the moduli space contribute to the log Gromov–Witten invariants. The first such calculation (Gross et al. in Duke Math J 153:297–362, 2010, Proposition 6.1) by Gross–Pandharipande–Siebert deals with multiple covers over rigid curves in the log Calabi–Yau setting. As a natural continuation, in this paper we compute the contributions of non-rigid irreducible curves in the log Calabi–Yau setting and that of the union of two rigid curves in general position. For the former, we construct and study a moduli space of “logarithmic” 1-dimensional sheaves and compare the resulting multiplicity with tropical multiplicity. For the latter, we explicitly describe the components of the moduli space and work out the logarithmic deformation theory in full, which we then compare with the deformation theory of the analogous relative stable maps.
Diversity and substrate-specificity of green algae and other micro-eukaryotes colonizing amphibian clutches in Germany, revealed by DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Anslan Sten , Sachs Maria , Rancilhac Lois , Brinkmann Henner , Petersen Jörn , Künzel Sven , Schwarz Anja , Arndt Hartmut , Kerney Ryan , Vences Miguel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAmphibian clutches are colonized by diverse but poorly studied communities of micro-organisms. One of the most noted ones is the unicellular green alga, Oophila amblystomatis, but the occurrence and role of other micro-organisms in the capsular chamber surrounding amphibian clutches have remained largely unstudied. Here, we undertook a multi-marker DNA metabarcoding study to characterize the community of algae and other micro-eukaryotes associated with agile frog (Rana dalmatina) clutches. Samplings were performed at three small ponds in Germany, from four substrates: water, sediment, tree leaves from the bottom of the pond, and R. dalmatina clutches. Sampling substrate strongly determined the community compositions of algae and other micro-eukaryotes. Therefore, as expected, the frog clutch-associated communities formed clearly distinct clusters. Clutch-associated communities in our study were structured by a plethora of not only green algae, but also diatoms and other ochrophytes. The most abundant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in clutch samples were taxa from Chlamydomonas, Oophila, but also from Nitzschia and other ochrophytes. Sequences of Oophila “Clade B” were found exclusively in clutches. Based on additional phylogenetic analyses of 18S rDNA and of a matrix of 18 nuclear genes derived from transcriptomes, we confirmed in our samples the existence of two distinct clades of green algae assigned to Oophila in past studies. We hypothesize that “Clade B” algae correspond to the true Oophila, whereas “Clade A” algae are a series of Chlorococcum species that, along with other green algae, ochrophytes and protists, colonize amphibian clutches opportunistically and are often cultured from clutch samples due to their robust growth performance. The clutch-associated communities were subject to filtering by sampling location, suggesting that the taxa colonizing amphibian clutches can drastically differ depending on environmental conditions.
Artificial intelligence in hospitals: providing a status quo of ethical considerations in academia to guide future research
Authors: Mirbabaie Milad , Hofeditz Lennart , Frick Nicholas R. J. , Stieglitz Stefan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe application of artificial intelligence (AI) in hospitals yields many advantages but also confronts healthcare with ethical questions and challenges. While various disciplines have conducted specific research on the ethical considerations of AI in hospitals, the literature still requires a holistic overview. By conducting a systematic discourse approach highlighted by expert interviews with healthcare specialists, we identified the status quo of interdisciplinary research in academia on ethical considerations and dimensions of AI in hospitals. We found 15 fundamental manuscripts by constructing a citation network for the ethical discourse, and we extracted actionable principles and their relationships. We provide an agenda to guide academia, framed under the principles of biomedical ethics. We provide an understanding of the current ethical discourse of AI in clinical environments, identify where further research is pressingly needed, and discuss additional research questions that should be addressed. We also guide practitioners to acknowledge AI-related benefits in hospitals and to understand the related ethical concerns.
Nematic–Isotropic Phase Transition in Liquid Crystals: A Variational Derivation of Effective Geometric Motions
Authors: Laux Tim , Liu Yuning 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this work, we study the nematic–isotropic phase transition based on the dynamics of the Landau–De Gennes theory of liquid crystals. At the critical temperature, the Landau–De Gennes bulk potential favors the isotropic phase and nematic phase equally. When the elastic coefficient is much smaller than that of the bulk potential, a scaling limit can be derived by formal asymptotic expansions: the solution gradient concentrates on a closed surface evolving by mean curvature flow. Moreover, on one side of the surface the solution tends to the nematic phase which is governed by the harmonic map heat flow into the sphere while on the other side, it tends to the isotropic phase. To rigorously justify such a scaling limit, we prove a convergence result by combining weak convergence methods and the modulated energy method. Our proof applies as long as the limiting mean curvature flow remains smooth.
Framed sheaves on projective space and Quot schemes
Authors: Cazzaniga Alberto , Ricolfi Andrea T. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe prove that, given integers$$m\ge 3$$m≥3,$$r\ge 1$$r≥1and$$n\ge 0$$n≥0, the moduli space of torsion free sheaves on$${\mathbb {P}}^m$$Pmwith Chern character$$(r,0,\ldots ,0,-n)$$(r,0,…,0,-n)that are trivial along a hyperplane$$D \subset {\mathbb {P}}^m$$D⊂Pmis isomorphic to the Quot scheme$$\mathrm{Quot}_{{\mathbb {A}}^m}({\mathscr {O}}^{\oplus r},n)$$QuotAm(O⊕r,n)of 0-dimensional lengthnquotients of the free sheaf$${\mathscr {O}}^{\oplus r}$$O⊕ron$${\mathbb {A}}^m$$Am. The proof goes by comparing the two tangent-obstruction theories on these moduli spaces.
Predictive approaches to guide the expression of recombinant vaccine targets in Escherichia coli: a case study presentation utilising Absynth Biologics Ltd. proprietary Clostridium difficile vaccine antigens
Authors: Hussain Hirra , McKenzie Edward A , Robinson Andrew M , Gingles Neill A , Marston Fiona , Warwicker Jim , Dickson Alan J 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBacterial expression systems remain a widely used host for recombinant protein production. However, overexpression of recombinant target proteins in bacterial systems such as Escherichia coli can result in poor solubility and the formation of insoluble aggregates. As a consequence, numerous strategies or alternative engineering approaches have been employed to increase recombinant protein production. In this case study, we present the strategies used to increase the recombinant production and solubility of ‘difficult-to-express’ bacterial antigens, termed Ant2 and Ant3, from Absynth Biologics Ltd.’s Clostridium difficile vaccine programme. Single recombinant antigens (Ant2 and Ant3) and fusion proteins (Ant2-3 and Ant3-2) formed insoluble aggregates (inclusion bodies) when overexpressed in bacterial cells. Further, proteolytic cleavage of Ant2-3 was observed. Optimisation of culture conditions and changes to the construct design to include N-terminal solubility tags did not improve antigen solubility. However, screening of different buffer/additives showed that the addition of 1–15 mM dithiothreitol alone decreased the formation of insoluble aggregates and improved the stability of both Ant2 and Ant3. Structural models were generated for Ant2 and Ant3, and solubility-based prediction tools were employed to determine the role of hydrophobicity and charge on protein production. The results showed that a large non-polar region (containing hydrophobic amino acids) was detected on the surface of Ant2 structures, whereas positively charged regions (containing lysine and arginine amino acids) were observed for Ant3, both of which were associated with poor protein solubility. We present a guide of strategies and predictive approaches that aim to guide the construct design, prior to expression studies, to define and engineer sequences/structures that could lead to increased expression and stability of single and potentially multi-domain (or fusion) antigens in bacterial expression systems.
SFTPA1 is a potential prognostic biomarker correlated with immune cell infiltration and response to immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yuan Lu , Wu Xixi , Zhang Longshan , Yang Mi , Wang Xiaoqing , Huang Wenqi , Pan Hua , Wu Yuting , Huang Jihong , Liang Wenyu , Li Jiaxin , Zhu Xiaodi , Wang Shuang , Guan Jian , Liu Laiyu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPulmonary surfactant protein A1 (SFTPA1) is a member of the C-type lectin subfamily that plays a critical role in maintaining lung tissue homeostasis and the innate immune response. SFTPA1 disruption can cause several acute or chronic lung diseases, including lung cancer. However, little research has been performed to associate SFTPA1 with immune cell infiltration and the response to immunotherapy in lung cancer. The findings of our study describe the SFTPA1 expression profile in multiple databases and was validated in BALB/c mice, human tumor tissues, and paired normal tissues using an immunohistochemistry assay. High SFTPA1 mRNA expression was associated with a favorable prognosis through a survival analysis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) samples from TCGA. Further GeneOntology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses showed that SFTPA1 was involved in the toll-like receptor signaling pathway. An immune infiltration analysis clarified that high SFTPA1 expression was associated with an increased number of M1 macrophages, CD8+ T cells, memory activated CD4+ T cells, regulatory T cells, as well as a reduced number of M2 macrophages. Our clinical data suggest that SFTPA1 may serve as a biomarker for predicting a favorable response to immunotherapy for patients with LUAD. Collectively, our study extends the expression profile and potential regulatory pathways of SFTPA1 and may provide a potential biomarker for establishing novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for lung adenocarcinoma.
Rifaximin use favoured micafungin-resistant Candida spp. infections in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Marzuttini Francesca , Mancusi Antonella , Bonato Samanta , Griselli Mario , Tricarico Sara , Casarola Genni , Paradiso Matteo , Ruggeri Loredana , Terenzi Adelmo , Merluzzi Mara , Prigitano Anna , Tortorano Anna Maria , Pitzurra Lucia , Falini Brunangelo , Carotti Alessandra , Velardi Andrea , Pierini Antonio 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDamage to gut mucosa following conditioning regimens may favour bacterial infections that can trigger graft versus host disease (GvHD) in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Rifaximin, an oral and non-absorbable antibiotic, has been recently proposed as effective prophylaxis to reduce bacterial infections in the gut and consequently acute GvHD in this setting. The present study evaluated safety and outcomes of HSCT patients that were treated with rifaximin prophylaxis at Perugia University Hospital. Rifaximin prophylaxis was introduced as standard of care in HSCT patients in May 2018. We retrieved data from 118 consecutive transplants, and we compared the outcomes of rifaximin-treated patients with historical controls that did not receive antibiotic prophylaxis. While incidences of neutropenic fever, documented bacterial infections, and aGvHD were similar in the two groups, we found an increased frequency of invasive candidiasis and clinically relevant Candida spp. infections in rifaximin-treated patients (5 patients vs 1 patient, 25% [± 0.99%] vs 1% [± 0.01%], p < .0001). Three rifaximin-treated patients experienced life-threating candidemia (2 C. krusei, 1 C. orthopsilosis). Rifaximin was the only factor that increased the risk of Candida spp. infections. Rifaximin could have contributed to microbiome disruption which favoured an outbreak of life-threatening Candida infections. This important complication forced us to halt its use. Larger, prospective studies are needed to assess the impact of rifaximin prophylaxis on incidence of bacterial infections, aGvHD, and survival of HSCT patients.
3D lidar point-cloud projection operator and transfer machine learning for effective road surface features detection and segmentation
Authors: Li Heyang Thomas , Todd Zachary , Bielski Nikolas , Carroll Felix 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe classification and extraction of road markings and lanes are of critical importance to infrastructure assessment, planning and road safety. We present a pipeline for the accurate segmentation and extraction of rural road surface objects in 3D lidar point-cloud, as well as a method to extract geometric parameters belonging to tar seal. To decrease the computational resources needed, the point-clouds were aggregated into a 2D image space before being transformed using affine transformations. The Mask R-CNN algorithm is then applied to the transformed image space to localize, segment and classify the road objects. The segmentation results for road surfaces and markings can then be used for geometric parameter estimation such as road widths estimation, while the segmentation results show that the efficacy of the existing Mask R-CNN to segment needle-type objects is improved by our proposed transformations.
Update of the fractions of cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders attributable to psychosocial work factors in Europe
Authors: Niedhammer Isabelle , Sultan-Taïeb Hélène , Parent-Thirion Agnès , Chastang Jean-François 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objectives
The objectives of this study were to provide the fractions of cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders attributable to five psychosocial work exposures, i.e. job strain, effort-reward imbalance, job insecurity, long working hours, and bullying in Europe (35 countries, including 28 European Union countries), for each one and all countries together, in 2015.

Methods
The prevalences of exposure were estimated using the sample of 35,571 employees from the 2015 European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) for all countries together and each country separately. Relative risks (RR) were obtained via literature reviews and meta-analyses already published. The studied outcomes were: coronary/ischemic heart diseases (CHD), stroke, atrial fibrillation, peripheral artery disease, venous thromboembolism, and depression. Attributable fractions (AF) for each exposure and overall AFs for all exposures together were calculated.

Results
The AFs of depression were all significant: job strain (17%), job insecurity (9%), bullying (7%), and effort-reward imbalance (6%). Most of the AFs of cardiovascular diseases were significant and lower than 11%. Differences in AFs were observed between countries for depression and for long working hours. Differences between genders were found for long working hours, with higher AFs observed among men than among women for all outcomes. Overall AFs taking all exposures into account ranged between 17 and 35% for depression and between 5 and 11% for CHD.

Conclusion
The overall burden of depression and cardiovascular diseases attributable to psychosocial work exposures was noticeable. As these exposures are modifiable, preventive policies may be useful to reduce the burden of disease associated with the psychosocial work environment.