bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
C-type natriuretic peptide stimulates function of the murine Sertoli cells via activation of the NPR-B/cGMP/PKG signaling pathway
Authors: Yu Yuejin , Chen Yao , Mei Chunlei , Li Na , Wu Kejia , Huang Donghui 
Published: July 2021

C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an important regulator of the male reproductive process. Our previous investigations showed that CNP can significantly stimulate the mRNA expression of androgen-binding protein (Abp) and transferrin (Trf) in the rat Sertoli cells, but the pathways responsible for this process remain to be elucidated. We predict that CNP binds the natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) to regulate expression of ABP and TRF through the intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway. To address this question, in this study, we first confirmed the expression and localization of CNP and NPR-B in rat testes by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Then, ELISA and real-time PCR were performed to investigate the signaling pathway of CNP in Sertoli cells in rat testes. Our results showed that CNP was mainly localized in the germ cells and Leydig cells, and its receptor, NPR-B, was mostly expressed in the Sertoli cells and vascular endothelial cells. CNP supplementation in the Sertoli cell medium was accompanied by an increase in the amount of intracellular cGMP and in the production of Abp and Trf mRNA, whereas inhibition of PKG with KT5823 led to a decrease in the expression of Abp and Trf mRNA. Moreover, Abp and Trf mRNA were no longer elevated when we used liposome-mediated RNA interference technology to silence the NPR-B gene in a mouse Sertoli cell line (TM4). These results suggest that CNP contributes to the regulation of ABP and TRF in the Sertoli cells through the NPR-B/cGMP/PKG signaling pathways.
Techniques for Reducing Iron (Fe) Content in Groundwater: an Article Review
Authors: Yazid Edy Agustian , Wafi Abdul , Saraswati Arina 
Published: July 2021

Iron is a chemical element that is found in almost every place on earth, including in well water or groundwater. Iron can be suspended in water with organic substances or inorganic solids in the form of ferrous cations (Fe2+) and ferries (Fe3+). The presence of iron that exceeds the threshold can cause detrimental effects such as corrosion of the piping, the color of the water turns brown, smells bad, and can cause health problems. The iron content in groundwater can be reduced so that it can be used as water that is fit for consumption or use in everyday life. This study aims to determine several types of techniques used to reduce iron in groundwater or well water through literature studies. Techniques covered include filtration, aeration, adsorption, coagulation, electrocoagulation, and cascade aerators. The results showed that the greatest reduction in efficiency was found in the combination type of adsorption technique and filtration technique by more than 99.1%, then followed by the electrocoagulation technique of 99.74%. From all the techniques studied in this study, it can be concluded that all techniques can reduce iron levels in which the combination of adsorption and filtration techniques is the most effective.Keywords: Technique, reduction, iron content, groundwater
The Discourse of Islamophobia in Indonesian Popular Movie “Mencari Hilal” (2015)
Authors: Rahayu Mundi 
Published: July 2021

<span lang="IN">Most of the study of Islamophobia, the hatred </span><span lang="EN-US">and</span><span lang="IN"> fear of Muslims, take the locus in Western countries in which Muslims are a minority group. The present study aims at answering the gap of study. This study specifically discusses the Islamophobia represented in popular culture, in a movie entitled “Mencari Hilal.” Discussion in this paper covers two questions. First, how is the discourse of Islamophobia represented in the film? Second, what is the ideology represented in the film? The present article is based on two arguments. First, Islamophobia does not only happen in Western countries. Instead, the phobia also happens within Muslim communities. Second, the film is a popular cultural text that reflects people's anxiety and desire, as well as expresses important problems that people encounter in history. This study applies Fairclough’s CDA with three levels of analyses, micro, meso, and macro. The discourse of Islamophobia in this movie is presented in more subtle ways, but the potential conflict is obviously represented. The ideology of pluralism is implied in this film to give the space for the audience to think and rethink their religious assumptionKeywords: Ancient tombs; preservation; cultural heritage.</span>
Hak Asasi Politik Perempuan di Indonesia Dalam Perlindungan Hukum Positif dan Hukum Islam
Authors: Fernando Alam Subuh 
Published: July 2021

<p>Data accumulation literature is the method used in this research, in this article it will describe women’s political rights and opened up framework that always considered women marginalized. And indoctrinating the false paradigm of woman. In the presence convention ratification of the political rights of women, that means the state has an obligation to ensure and aluminate the right of woman on the political rights. CEDAW, UDHR and DUHAM states that the rights and freedoms need to be owned by everyone without discrimination. Therefore with positive legal regulations and Islamic law the state should ensure and protect of HAM, UDHR and DHAM tend to anthropocentralize the meaning of human beings as objects in its assertion, while HAM in Islamic law is more the centralized meaning Qur’an and Hadith as its object.</p><p> </p>
Negara Ideal dalam Pemikiran Fundamentalis Islam
Authors: Sukri Mhd Alfahjri 
Published: July 2021

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><em><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-US">This research aims to explain the problem of Islamic fundamentalism and analyze the thoughts of Islamic fundamentalist figures, namely Abul A'la Al-Maududi, Hasan Al-Banna, and Taqiyuddin An-Nabhani about the ideal state. Qualitative methods are used in this research with data obtained through books, journals, scientific articles, and other related sources. The results showed that the ideal country according to the thoughts of Abul A'la Al-Maududi, Hasan Al-Banna, and Taqiyuddin An-Nabhani is a country based on Islam. These figures made Rasulullah when he founded the state of Medina until the time of Khulafaur Rasyidin as the reference for the ideal state. Because for them, at that time Islam was used as the main reference and foundation of life and could solve all problems, including problems in living as a state. These figures also reject the separation between religion and state (secularism), and agree to make sovereignty in God's hands. According to them, religion has an important role in the state. In addition, they also placed Ahlul Halli wal Aqdi as an important part of an Islamic state.</span></em></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><em><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-US">This research aims to explain the problem of Islamic fundamentalism and analyze the thoughts of Islamic fundamentalist figures, namely Abul A'la Al-Maududi, Hasan Al-Banna, and Taqiyuddin An-Nabhani about the ideal state. Qualitative methods are used in this research with data obtained through books, journals, scientific articles, and other related sources. The results showed that the ideal country according to the thoughts of Abul A'la Al-Maududi, Hasan Al-Banna, and Taqiyuddin An-Nabhani is a country based on Islam. These figures made Rasulullah when he founded the state of Medina until the time of Khulafaur Rasyidin as the reference for the ideal state. Because for them, at that time Islam was used as the main reference and foundation of life and could solve all problems, including problems in living as a state. These figures also reject the separation between religion and state (secularism), and agree to make sovereignty in God's hands. According to them, religion has an important role in the state. In addition, they also placed Ahlul Halli wal Aqdi <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>as an important part of an Islamic state.</span></em></p>
Nuclear membrane-tethered FRAP method for measuring protein complex off-rates in live cells
Authors: Pack Lindsey R. , Daigh Leighton H. , Chung Mingyu , Meyer Tobias 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Understanding the stability or binding affinity of protein complex members is important for understanding their regulation and roles in cells. While there are many biochemical methods to measure protein-protein interactions in vitro, these methods often rely on the ability to robustly purify components individually. Moreover, few methods have been developed to study protein complexes within live cells. Binding parameters for cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) complexes have been challenging to measure due to difficulty expressing and purifying CDKs separately from activating cyclins. Here, we develop a method to measure off-rates of protein complex components in live-cells. Our method relies on the stable tethering of CDK to the inner nuclear membrane (Figure 1), and the utilization of FRAP to measure the off-rate of soluble, fluorescently-tagged CDK binding proteins. We use this method to study dimeric CDK complexes, measuring the off-rates of cyclins or INK4 CDK inhibitor p16 from CDKs, and trimeric CDK complexes, measuring the off-rate of cyclins and CIP/KIP CDK inhibitors p21 and p27 when bound together.
Involvement of Mucosal Flora and Enterochromaffin Cell of Cecum and Descending Colon in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Yang Jingze , Wang Peng , Liu Tong , Lin Lin , Li Lixiang , Kou Guanjun , Zhou Ruchen , Li Pan , li yanqing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe comparison between microbiota of cecal and colonic mucosa in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was rarely studied. In addition, enterochromafﬁn (EC) cell had interaction with IBS. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among gut microbiota, EC cell and diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) symptoms in cecum and descending colon. ResultsTotal of 22 IBS-D patients and 22 health controls (HCs) were enrolled. The relative abundance of Ruminococcus_torques_group (4.91% vs. 2.20%, P = 0.04763) of cecum increased in IBS-D, while Raoultella (1.58% vs. 1.76%, P = 0.03117) and Fusobacterium (0.12% vs. 1.66%, P = 0.01892) were less abundant. In descending colon, the relative abundances of Ruminococcus_torques_group (5.94% vs. 2.29%, P = 0.04183) and Dorea (2.68% vs. 1.14%, P = 0.04962) of IBS-D increased but Fusobacterium (1.52% vs. 1.89%, P = 0.0345) decreased. EC cells number in cecum of IBS-D was higher than that in HCs and TPH1 level of IBS-D was higher than that of HCs in cecum and descending colon. Correlation analysis showed that Ruminococcus_torques_group were positively associated with HAM-A (r= 0.66, P = 0.004), HAM-D (r= 0.61, P = 0.009), EC cell number (r= 0.49, P = 0.047), IBS-SSS (r= 0.65, P = 0.004), Degree of Abdominal Pain (r = 0.63, P = 0.007), Frequency of Abdominal Pain (r = 0.63, P = 0.007), Frequency of Defecation (r = 0.60, P = 0.011). The abundance of Dorea were positively associated with EC cell number (r = 0.57, P = 0.018), IBS-SSS (r = 0.52, P = 0.034), HAM-A (r = 0.72, P = 0.001), HAM-D (r = 0.59, P = 0.012), Frequency of Abdominal Pain (r = 0.67, P = 0.003).ConclusionsEC cells number increased in IBS-D patients and the expression of TPH1 was higher than HCs. In addition, our results suggested Ruminococcus_torques_group and Dorea may be targets for treatment of IBS-D but still need further studies.
Anthropogenic Influence on Long-Term Surface Air Temperature Trends: Attribution of Temperature Changes Across East Asia
Authors: Allabakash S. , Lim S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Climate change is an ongoing process impacting ecosystem functions and human health; East Asia (EA) is one of the most vulnerable regions being influenced by such changes. This study examines the long-term variability of surface air temperatures (SATs) across EA using the new Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) datasets. Historical simulations (20th century) and future (21st century) SAT projections were investigated based on multi-model ensemble simulations. We also demonstrate the contribution of external and natural (NAT) forcings to SAT change. This study mainly focuses the effect of anthropogenic forcings (ANT) on EA climate for a long period (1850-2100). Our simulations show that SAT in EA increased by 0.031 °C/decade during the period 1850–2014 owing to combined ANT and NAT (‘ALL=ANT+NAT’) forcings, while an increase of 0.08 °C/decade can be attributed to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The ANT forcing rapidly increased after the third industrial revolution (after 1969). Consequently, SAT change accelerated to 0.255 °C/decade and 0.268 °C/decade owing to ALL and GHG forcings, respectively. Human-induced GHG emissions and land use were the dominant factors driving SAT warming during the study period, and will contribute to substantial future warming trends. Furthermore, optimal fingerprinting method demonstrates the significance of ANT influences on climate change in EA. ANT forcing was clearly detected and distinct from NAT forcing in a two-signal analysis. In a three-signal analysis, GHG was clearly detected for EA region in separation from ANT and NAT influences. The shared socioeconomic pathway emission scenarios (SSP1–2.6, SSP2–4.5, and SSP5–8.5) showed future projections (warming trends) from 2015–2100. This analysis suggests that climate change could be mitigated by restricting anthropogenic factors (especially GHG) and land use/activities in EA.
Multifaceted Phytogenic Silver Nanoparticles by a Rare Insectivorous Plant Drosera Spatulata Labill Var.bakoensis and its Enhanced Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antifungal and in Vitro Cytotoxic Studies
Authors: Gaddam Susmila Aparna , Kotakadi Venkata Subbaiah , Kalavakunta Gunasekhar. , Penchalaneni Josthna , Challagundla Varadarajulu Naidu , DVR Sai Gopal , Pasupuleti Visweswara Rao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The current investigation highlights the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by the insectivorous plant Drosera spatulata Labill var.bakoensis, which is the first of its kind. The biosynthesized nanoparticles revealed a UV visible surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 427 nm. The natural phytoconstituents which reduce the monovalent silver were identified by FTIR. The particle size of the Ds-AgNPs was detected by the Nanoparticle size analyzer confirms that the average size of nanoparticles was around 23 ± 2 nm. Ds-AgNPs exhibit high stability because of their high negative zeta potential (-34.1 mV). AFM studies also revealed that the Ds-AgNPs were spherical in shape and average size ranges from 10 to 20 ± 5 nm. TEM analysis also revealed that the average size of Ds-AgNPs was also around 21 ± 4 nm and the shape is roughly spherical and well dispersed. The crystal nature of Ds-AgNPs was detected as a face-centered cube by the XRD analysis. Furthermore, studies on antibacterial and antifungal activities manifested outstanding antimicrobial activities of Ds-AgNPs compared with standard antibiotic Amoxyclav. In addition, demonstration of superior free radical scavenging efficacy coupled with potential in vitro cytotoxic significance on Human colon cancer cell lines (HT-29) suggests that the Ds-AgNPs attain excellent multifunctional therapeutic applications.
Neuroprotective Role of Camel α-Lactalbumin Via Regulating SIRT1/FOXO3a Pathway Against Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity
Authors: Ubaid Saba , Pandey Shivani , Akhtar Mohd. Sohail , Rumman Mohammad , Singh Babita , Mahdi Abbas Ali 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Camel milk is rich in nutritional factors, such as α- Lactalbumin, and important for brain development. It is known to act as a potential therapeutic candidate for brain disorder via regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. Mechanisms that are critically involved with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and the aberrated ubiquitin-proteasome system. Adverse effects of current therapies are imposing the need for the development of natural neuroprotective agents that are very effective and have fewer or no side effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential activity of camel α-Lactalbumin (α-LA) in rotenone induced in-vitro PD model. In this study, we hypothesized the use of camel α-lactalbumin as an effective curative agent for PD. The mechanism of action of camel α-lactalbumin was investigated by assessing the effect of α-LA on the level of nitric oxide, NADH, MMP9, inflammatory markers, and on the expression level of SIRT1 and FOXO3a in SH-SY5Y cell line. Overall, the results revealed the potent neuroprotective efficacy of α-Lactalbumin in rotenone-induced PD model via effectively modulating apoptotic pathways, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammatory cascades. Conclusively, these findings confirmed that α-LA could be a biologically effective protective agent against rotenone induced neurotoxic impacts and neurobehavioral aberrations.
Design of Smart Light Source based on Bi-color LED with Single Duty Cycle for Correlated Color Temperature Adjustment
Authors: Qiao Lingyuan , Zhang Huanyue , Yu Jingjie , Cao Fan , Gao Yingming 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Color-adjustable light sources facilitate both mood lighting and daylight harvesting. A single duty cycle can be used by a bi-color LED to adjust the correlated color temperature by associating it with the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation dimming signal of the cold and warm light sources. The one-to-one mapping relationship between the single duty cycle and the correlated color temperature is based on the color mixing theory of bi-color LEDs. A method to correlate the dimming signals for cold and warm LEDs is presented. The influence of the time characteristics of the two basic signals on dimming and color temperature adjustment is analyzed. The dimming system of bi-color LEDs is designed, and the method used to adjust the correlated color temperature with a single duty cycle is verified. The experiment showed that the correlated color temperature can be accurately adjusted by the proposed method.
Comparison Of Algorithms For Agave Detection On Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Images
Authors: Escobar-Flores Jonathan Gabriel , Sandoval Sarahi , Gámiz-Romero Eduardo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, six supervised classification algorithms were compared. The algorithms were based on cluster analysis, distance, deep learning and object-based image analysis. Our objective was to determine which of these algorithms has the highest overall accuracy in both detection and automated estimation of agave cover in a given area to help growers manage their plantations. An orthomosaic with a spatial resolution of 2.5 cm was derived from 300 images obtained with a DJI Inspire 1 unmanned aerial system. Two training classes were defined: 1) sites where the presence of agaves was identified, 2) “absence”; where there were no agaves but other plants were present. The object-oriented algorithm was found to have the highest overall accuracy (0.963), followed by the support-vector machine with 0.928 accuracy and the neural network with 0.914. The algorithms with statistical criteria for classification were the least accurate; Mahalanobis distance = 0.752 accuracy and minimum distance = 0.421. We recommend that agave plantation managers use drones for their efficiency and speed. We further recommend that the object-oriented algorithm be used, because in addition to having the highest overall accuracy for the image segmentation process, it yields parameters that are useful for estimating the coverage area, size, and shapes, which can aid in better selection of agave individuals for harvest.
Analysis of Nutrient Intakes And Food Sources of Selected Breastfeeding Mothers In Metro Manila, Philippines
Authors: Agdeppa Imelda , Custodio Ma. Rosel , Tanda Keith 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: This study evaluated the food and nutrient intakes of breastfeeding mothers and identified the top food sources for their nutrient intakes. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational, non-interventional study conducted in one of the private medical centers in Metro Manila, Philippines. Participants: The sample size included 70 mothers of healthy, term, exclusively breastfed infants aged 21-26 days at enrollment. Quantitative dietary data was collected by a 3-day non-consecutive dietary diary for each visit during the clinic hours. Mean food intakes were calculated. A software known as PC-SIDE program or PC-Software for Intake Distribution Estimation was used in the estimation of inadequate intakes. Results: The mean energy intake of breastfeeding mothers was 2516.7 kcal/day, which was 28.6% higher than the EER of 1957 kcal/day. Protein intake was inadequate (37%) while fat intake was excessive by 4%. Nutrient inadequacy is high for almost all nutrients: iron (99%), folate (96%), riboflavin (39%), vitamin B6 (63%), vitamin B12 (46%) and thiamine (22%). The top 5-food sources with highest percent contribution to energy are rice (43.1%), bread (8.1%), pork (7.7%), powdered milk (5.9%), and sweet bakery products (5%). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of protein and micronutrient inadequacies in the diet of breastfeeding mothers, which may be explained by the low variety and nutrient-poor foods consumed by the mothers. Understanding the dietary patterns and nutrient gaps of breastfeeding mothers may help target appropriate nutritional and behavioral interventions to improve their nutritional status, and also ensure adequate levels of nutrients in their milk for the growth and development of infants.
Amyloid precursor protein localises to ependymal cilia in vertebrates and is required for ciliogenesis and brain development in zebrafish
Authors: Chebli Jasmine , Rahmati Maryam , Lashley Tammaryn , Edeman Brigitta , Oldfors Anders , Zetterberg Henrik , Abramsson Alexandra 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is ubiquitously expressed in human, mice and in zebrafish. In zebrafish, there are two orthologues, Appa and Appb. Interestingly, some cellular processes associated with APP overlap with cilia-mediated functions. Whereas the localization of APP to primary cilia of in vitro-cultured cells has been reported, we addressed the presence of APP in motile and in non-motile sensory cilia and its potential implication for ciliogenesis using zebrafish, mouse, and human samples. We report that Appa and Appb are expressed by ciliated cells and become localized at the membrane of cilia in the olfactory epithelium, otic vesicle and in the brain ventricles of zebrafish embryos. App in ependymal cilia persisted in adult zebrafish and was also detected in mouse and human brain. Finally, we found morphologically abnormal ependymal cilia and smaller brain ventricles in appa-/-appb-/- mutant zebrafish. Our findings demonstrate an evolutionary conserved localisation of APP to cilia and suggest a role of App in ciliogenesis and cilia-related functions.