bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of circadian variation, lifestyle and environment on hematological parameters: A narrative review
Authors: Feriel Joffrey , Tchipeva Draga , Depasse François 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe complete blood count (CBC) is the most widely prescribed laboratory test. It plays a key role in screening, diagnosing, and monitoring a variety of medical disorders. Preanalytical and analytical variables are responsible for more than 50% of laboratory errors that may lead to spurious CBC results. The effects of blood sampling, transport, storage, and analytical errors on hematological parameters have been well described. Circadian variation and changes in lifestyle and environment can also affect blood cells. It has been extensively studied in the past, but highly variable methodology and the presence of confounding factors have provided scattered and inconsistent results. We have investigated the literature to define the impact of circadian variation, modification of the sleep‐wake cycle, acute and chronic exercise, eating habits, alcohol, tobacco, drugs of abuse, high‐altitude, heat/cold exposure, and air pollution on CBC results. The affected cell type along with the intensity and duration of changes are detailed for each condition. We aim at providing a comprehensive overview of which situations may induce clinically significant changes and have to be taken into account by healthcare professionals before considering a hematological parameter as pathological and requesting complementary tests.
Trait emotional intelligence and quality of life among breast cancer patients: The mediating role of fear of cancer recurrence
Authors: Chen Wen Yu , Wang Shuang , Peng Xue , Zhu Yun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundTrait emotional intelligence and fear of cancer recurrence could predict quality of life, but the mechanism between the three is poorly understood.MethodsThe aim of this study was to investigate the associations between trait emotional intelligence, fear of cancer recurrence and quality of life in patients with breast cancer.A cross‐sectional study was conducted with 215 breast cancer patients recruited from two hospitals in China. Data were collected from December 2018 to April 2019. Questionnaires measured demographic and medical characteristics, trait emotional intelligence, fear of cancer recurrence and quality of life. Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modelling were conducted to analyse the data.ResultsAs expected, trait emotional intelligence was positively related to quality of life and negatively correlated with fear of cancer recurrence. Fear of cancer recurrence was negatively associated with quality of life. This relationship between trait emotional intelligence and quality of life was mediated by fear of cancer recurrence.ConclusionsThese results shed light on underlying mechanisms by which trait emotional intelligence affects quality of life. Trait emotional intelligence training could reduce fear of cancer recurrence to improve quality of life for cancer patients.
Verbal notification of radiology results: are radiologists meeting expectations?
Authors: Preece Eliza , Whitchurch Max , Sutherland Tom 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundDelayed communication of radiographic findings is associated with poor patient outcomes and significant medicolegal risk. Radiologists verbally contact referring practitioners with urgent findings, although practitioner's expectations regarding notification have rarely been examined.AimTo assess differences in preferred practice between radiologists and referring practitioners in the verbal communication of urgent radiology findings.MethodsFor 33 clinical stems, respondents were asked if they would issue (radiologists) or expect to receive (referring practitioners) verbal notification of results or routine written communication only. Surveys were emailed to radiologists and referring practitioners of varying experience at a tertiary referral hospital in Melbourne, Victoria.ResultsA total of 97 survey responses was received. Eighty responses were from referring practitioners and 17 from radiologists. Referring practitioners were seen to slightly prefer verbal notification more often than issued by radiologists overall (61%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 57–66% verbal notification expected vs 58%; 95% CI 52–64% issued). More senior referring practitioners with greater than 10 years' experience expected verbal notification more often (67%; 95% CI 59–75%), and more senior radiologists issued verbal reports less often (54%; 95% CI 39–69%). More junior referring practitioners, for example, registrars or fellows, expected notification less often overall (59%; 95% CI 43–76%). Subgroup analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences in notification preferences for certain clinical scenarios.ConclusionsOverall results show fair correlation between referrer's expectations of verbal notification and the provision of verbal notification by radiologists. However, there were discrepancies in the practice and preferences of more junior and senior practitioners in certain clinical scenarios.
MiR‐193b deregulation is associated with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Baghi Masoud , Yadegari Elaheh , Rostamian Delavar Mahsa , Peymani Maryam , Ganjalikhani‐Hakemi Mazdak , Salari Mehri , Nasr‐Esfahani Mohammad Hossein , Megraw Timothy L. , Ghaedi Kamran 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPGC‐1α/FNDC5/BDNF has found to be a critical pathway in neurodegeneration. MicroRNAs (miR(NA)s) are non‐coding regulatory RNAs whose dysregulation has been observed in multiple neurological disorders, and miRNA‐mediated gene deregulation plays a decisive role in PD. Here, candidate miRNA was chosen based on the literature survey and in silico studies. Chronic and acute models of PD were created using MPP+‐treated SH‐SY5Y cells. Twenty PD patients and 20 healthy volunteers were recruited. RT‐qPCR was performed to assess the expression of miRNA and genes. Severe mitochondrial dysfunction induced by acute MPP+ treatment instigated compensatory mechanisms through enhancing expression of PGC‐1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway genes, while chronic MPP+ toxicity led to down‐regulated levels of the genes in SH‐SY5Y cells. PD peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) also showed decreased expression of target genes. There were significant changes in the level of miR‐193b in both models, as well as PD PBMCs. Moreover, miR‐193b overexpression significantly affected PGC‐1α, FNDC5 and TFAM levels. Interestingly, down‐regulations of PGC‐1α, FNDC5, BDNF and TFAM were inversely correlated with miR‐193b up‐regulation in PD PBMCs. This study showed the deregulation of PGC‐1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway in PD models and PBMCs, verifying its importance in neurodegeneration. Our findings also revealed that miR‐193b functions in PD development, possibly through regulating PGC‐1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway, suggesting miR‐193b as a potential biomarker for PD diagnosis.
Bank size and performance: An analysis of the industry in the United States in the post‐financial‐crisis era
Authors: Nippani Srinivas , Ling Ran 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe compare the 2007–2009 post‐financial‐crisis performance of US banks with their performance before the financial crisis, based on bank size using financial ratios. We find bank performance declined in the post‐financial‐crisis period as compared to its pre‐financial‐crisis performance, evidenced by reduced return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA), higher debt ratios, lower net interest margin, increased net loan losses, more nonperforming loans, and, to a lesser extent, estimated losses on loans. In difference‐in‐differences tests between the largest and smallest groups, we find the biggest banks report significantly higher ROA and lower debt ratio, in addition to outperforming small banks in net interest margin and loan loss reserves. Smaller banks did better only in net loan losses. General economic conditions and interest rate changes are controlled for in our results. We conclude that small banks have a significant disadvantage in the industry in the post‐financial‐crisis era compared to both big banks and their own pre‐financial‐crisis historical performance.
Brassinosteroids inhibit miRNA‐mediated translational repression by decreasing AGO1 on the endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Wang Taiyun , Zheng Yanhua , Tang Qi , Zhong Songxiao , Su Wei , Zheng Binglian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTranslational repression is a conserved mechanism in microRNA (miRNA)‐guided gene silencing. In Arabidopsis, ARGONAUTE1 (AGO1), the major miRNA effector, localizes in the cytoplasm for mRNA cleavage and at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for translational repression of target genes. However, the mechanism underlying miRNA‐mediated translational repression is poorly understood. In particular, how the subcellular partitioning of AGO1 is regulated is largely unexplored. Here, we show that the plant hormone brassinosteroids (BRs) inhibit miRNA‐mediated translational repression by negatively regulating the distribution of AGO1 at the ER in Arabidopsis thaliana. We show that the protein levels rather than the transcript levels of miRNA target genes were reduced in BR‐deficient mutants but increased under BR treatments. The localization of AGO1 at the ER was significantly decreased under BR treatments while it was increased in the BR‐deficient mutants. Moreover, ROTUNDIFOLIA3 (ROT3), an enzyme involved in BR biosynthesis, co‐localizes with AGO1 at the ER and interacts with AGO1 in a GW motif‐dependent manner. Complementation analysis showed that the AGO1–ROT3 interaction is necessary for the function of ROT3. Our findings provide new clues to understand how miRNA‐mediated gene silencing is regulated by plant endogenous hormones.
Myological variation in the forearm anatomy of Callitrichidae and Lemuridae
Authors: Dickinson Edwin , Boettcher Marissa L. , Smith Madison R. , Worden Nikole A. , Swindell Sidney R. , Seelye Jason S. , Pastor Francisco , Hartstone‐Rose Adam 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe anatomy of the primate forearm is frequently investigated in terms of locomotor mode, substrate use, and manual dexterity. Such studies typically rely upon broad, interspecific samples for which one or two representative taxa are used to characterize the anatomy of their genus or family. To interpret variation between distantly related taxa, however, it is necessary to contextualize these differences by quantifying variation at lower hierarchical levels, that is, more fine‐grained representation within specific genera or families. In this study, we present a focused evaluation of the variation in muscle organization, integration, and architecture within two speciose primate families: the Callitrichidae and Lemuridae. We demonstrate that, within each lineage, several muscle functional groups exhibit substantial variation in muscle organization. Most notably, the digital extensors appear highly variable (particularly among callitrichids), with many unique configurations represented. In terms of architectural variables, both families are more conservative, with the exception of the genus Callimico—for which an increase is observed in forearm muscle mass and strength. We suggest this reflects the increased use of vertical climbing and trunk‐to‐trunk leaping within this genus relative to the more typically fine‐branch substrate use of the other callitrichids. Overall, these data emphasize the underappreciated variation in forearm myology and suggest that overly generalized typification of a taxon's anatomy may conceal significant intraspecific and intrageneric variation therein. Thus, considerations of adaptation within the forearm musculature should endeavor to consider the full range of anatomical variation when making comparisons between multiple taxa within an evolutionary context.
‘I want to get back!’ A qualitative study of long‐term critically ill patients’ inner strength and willpower: Back home after long‐term intensive care
Authors: Alexandersen Ingeborg , Haugdahl Hege Selnes , Stjern Berit , Paulsby Tove Engan , Lund Stine Borgen , Haugan Gørill 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo provide insights into what promotes and challenges inner strength and willpower in formerly critically ill patients back home after a long‐term ICU stay.BackgroundCritically ill patients demand great resources during an ICU stay, some experience great challenges after discharge from hospital. Knowledge about how health professionals can promote former long‐term critically ill patients’ inner strength and willpower after discharge is essential, but still missing.DesignA qualitative, hermeneutic‐phenomenological approach using in‐depth interviews with former long‐term ICU patients.MethodsSeventeen long‐term ICU patients were interviewed 6–20 months after ICU discharge. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research was used (COREQ,2007).ResultsBack home after hospital discharge, some former patients coped well while others suffered heavy burdens mentally and physically, along with economic problems. They handled their challenges differently: some found comfort and insight by reading their diary written by their ICU nurses, while several were struggling alone experiencing a lonesome silent suffering; these called for a follow‐up support by the healthcare system.ConclusionLong‐term ICU patients’ inner strength and willpower are vital salutogenic resources supporting the fight back to one’s former independent life. However, physical, mental and economic challenges drain their inner strength to go on and succeed. Several long‐term ICU patients need health‐promoting follow‐up support after hospital discharge.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study disclosed a lonely and silent suffering indicating a need for development of systematical health‐promoting follow‐up programmes including salutogenic components such as health‐promoting conversations, diaries and web‐based recovery programme along with a cell phone app.
Gender, family separation, and negative emotional well‐being among recent Mexican migrants
Authors: Arenas Erika , Yahirun Jenjira , Teruel Graciela , Rubalcava Luis , Gaitán‐Rossi Pablo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the scale and scope of family separation among Mexican immigrants in the United States and the association between family separation and immigrants' emotional health.BackgroundPrior research documents the negative consequences of family separation on the health of immigrants. However, population‐level data on the exposure to family separation among Mexican immigrants living in the United States have been unavailable, leaving a gap in understanding the scale of its effects on immigrant emotional well‐being.MethodsUsing representative panel data from Waves 1 and 3 of the Mexican Family Life Survey, this study describes rates of separation from family members among a recent cohort of Mexican immigrants living in the United States. Next, the associations between family member separation (from a partner and/or offspring, or mother) and different dimensions of immigrant emotional health are assessed and gender differences in the association are also explored.ResultsThis study found that 24% of Mexican immigrants in the sample were separated from a partner and/or offspring and 79% were separated from a mother who lived in Mexico. For migrant women, separation from family members had negative consequences on multiple dimensions of emotional well‐being whereas migrant men were less negatively impacted by family separation.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that separation from one's partner and/or offspring, and mother, impose an emotional toll on newly arrived immigrant women, with implications for future health trajectories.
Property rights and long‐run capital
Authors: Dávila Julio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractProprietary capital falling into the public domain inefficiently decreases capital accumulation. As a consequence, the market steady state consumption underperforms the planner's by 4.6%–9.1% in a neoclassical infinitely‐lived agents economy with constant returns to scale and standard empirically supported parameters. The results extend robustly to an overlapping generations economy, for which the gap is 10.5% when similarly parametrized. A policy decentralizing, in the latter, the planner's steady state instead consists of (i) subsidizing the rental rate of private capital at its depreciation rate, and (ii) taxing households' negative net position between, on the one hand, firm and depreciated capital ownership, and on the other, borrowing. Under this policy, the necessary tax rate on households' negative net position is smaller the bigger the absolute value of the latter and, hence, the bigger the corresponding monetary real balances held by households.
Reading Fluency and Reading Motivation in Hebrew in Students with Reading Disabilities
Authors: Vaknin‐Nusbaum Vered , Nevo Einat 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe examined the relationships of two aspects of reading motivation with reading fluency performance in 79 third‐ to sixth‐grade Hebrew‐speaking students with reading disabilities. Reading fluency tests were administered, in addition to a reading motivation questionnaire (MRP‐R), all of which examined students' self‐concept as readers, as well as the value they attach to reading. Correlations were found between students’ self‐concept and their reading performance. Additionally, no differences were found between grade levels in reading motivation. Furthermore, word rate, accuracy, and reading self‐concept predicted text rate beyond grade level. Finally, significant differences were found in reading measures in favor of readers with a high self‐concept, suggesting that students with reading disabilities should not be perceived as a homogenous group.
Why is primary endosymbiosis so rare?
Authors: Stephens Timothy G. , Gabr Arwa , Calatrava Victoria , Grossman Arthur R. , Bhattacharya Debashish 
Published: May 2021

SummaryEndosymbiosis is a relationship between two organisms wherein one cell resides inside the other. This affiliation, when stable and beneficial for the ‘host’ cell, can result in massive genetic innovation with the foremost examples being the evolution of eukaryotic organelles, the mitochondria and plastids. Despite its critical evolutionary role, there is limited knowledge about how endosymbiosis is initially established and how host–endosymbiont biology is integrated. Here, we explore this issue, using as our model the rhizarian amoeba Paulinella, which represents an independent case of primary plastid origin that occurred c. 120 million yr ago. We propose the ‘chassis and engine’ model that provides a theoretical framework for understanding primary plastid endosymbiosis, potentially explaining why it is so rare.
Multisensor Fusion of Remotely Sensed Vegetation Indices Using Space-Time Dynamic Linear Models
Authors: Johnson Margaret C , Reich Brian J , Gray Josh M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
High spatiotemporal resolution maps of surface vegetation from remote sensing data are desirable for vegetation and disturbance monitoring. However, due to the current limitations of imaging spectrometers, remote sensing datasets of vegetation with high temporal frequency of measurements have lower spatial resolution, and vice versa. In this research, we propose a space-time dynamic linear model to fuse high temporal frequency data (MODIS) with high spatial resolution data (Landsat) to create high spatiotemporal resolution data products of a vegetation greenness index. The model incorporates the spatial misalignment of the data and models dependence within and across land cover types with a latent multivariate Matérn process. To handle the large size of the data, we introduce a fast estimation procedure and a moving window Kalman smoother to produce a daily, 30-m resolution data product with associated uncertainty.
Young plasma administration mitigates depression‐like behaviours in chronic mild stress‐exposed aged rats by attenuating apoptosis in prefrontal cortex
Authors: Ghaffari‐Nasab Arshad , Badalzadeh Reza , Mohaddes Gisou , Alipour Mohammad Reza 
Published: May 2021

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Young plasma contains several rejuvenating factors that exert beneficial effects in ageing and neurodegenerative diseases: can repeated transfusion of young plasma improve depressive behaviour in aged rats?
What is the main finding and its importance?
Following chronic transfusion of young plasma, depressive behaviour was improved in the depression model of aged rats, which was associated with reduced apoptosis process in the prefrontal cortex.
AbstractBrain ageing alters brain responses to stress, playing an essential role in the pathophysiology of late‐life depression. Moreover, apoptotic activity is up‐regulated in the prefrontal cortex in ageing and stress‐related mood disorders. Considerable evidence suggests that factors in young blood could reverse age‐related dysfunctions in organs, especially in the brain. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of young plasma administration on depressive behaviours in aged rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), with a focus on the apoptosis process. Young (3 months old) and aged (22 months old) male rats were randomly assigned into four groups: young control (YC), aged control (AC), aged rats subjected to CUMS (A+CUMS) and aged rats subjected to CUMS and treated with young plasma (A+CUMS+YP). In the A+CUMS and A+CUMS+YP groups, CUMS was used to generate the depression rat model. Moreover, the A+CUMS+YP group received pooled plasma (1 ml, intravenously), collected from young rats, three times per week for 4 weeks. Young plasma administration significantly improved CUMS‐induced depression‐like behaviours, including decreased sucrose consumption ratio, reduced locomotor activity and prolonged immobility time. Importantly, young plasma reduced neuronal apoptosis in the prefrontal cortex that was associated with reduced TUNEL‐positive cells and cleaved caspase‐3 protein levels in the A+CUMS+YP compared with the A+CUMS group. Young plasma can partially improve the neuropathology of late‐life depression through the apoptotic signalling pathways.
A Data-Driven Machine Learning Approach to Predict the Natural Gas Density of Pure and Mixed Hydrocarbons
Authors: Tariq Zeeshan , Hassan Amjed , Waheed Umair Bin , Mahmoud Mohamed , Al-Shehri Dhafer , Abdulraheem Abdulazeez , Mokheimer Esmail M. A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Natural gas is one of the main fossil energy resources, and its density is an effective thermodynamic property, which is required in almost every pressure–volume–temperature (PVT) calculation. Conventionally, the density of natural gas is determined from the gas deviation (Z-) factor using an equation of states (EOS). Several models have been developed to estimate the Z-factor utilizing the EOS approach, however, most of these models involve complex calculations and require many input parameters. In this study, an improved natural gas density prediction model is presented using robust machine learning techniques such as artificial neural networks and functional networks. A total of 3800 data points were collected from different published sources covering a wide range of input parameters. Moreover, explicit empirical correlations are also derived that can be used explicitly without the need for any machine learning-based software. The proposed correlations are a function of molecular weight (Mw) of natural gas, pseudo-reduced pressure (Ppr), and pseudo-reduced temperature (Tpr). The proposed correlations can be applied for the gases having Mw between 16 and 129.7 g, Ppr range of 0.02–29.3, and Tpr range 0.of 5–2.7. The prediction of the new correlation was compared against the most common methods for determining the natural gas density. The developed correlation showed better estimation than the common prediction models. The estimation error was reduced by 2% on average using the new correlations, and the coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.98 using the developed correlation.