bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hot deformation activation energy of a 5E83 alloy prepared with centrifugal casting
Authors: Qian Xiaoming , Zhang Yu , Wang Zhaodong , Li Yong , Li Jiadong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
5E83 aluminum pipe was produced withy centrifugal casting, the hot deformation were performed on the inner, middle, and outer layers of the pipe, the hot deformation activation energy Q were calculated. The results revealed that the hot deformation flow stresses exhibited increase tendency along with the inner, middle, and outer layer, the hot deformation activation energy Q increased from 164.5MPa for the inner layer to 197.6 and 214.9MPa for the middle and the outer layer respectively. Along with the layer of inner, middle, and outer, the solid solution level increased and the grain size decreased. Correspondingly, the solid solution hardening became stronger and the grain refinement mechanism was enhanced, resulting in the increased hot deformation flow stresses and activation energy Q.
An investigation of binary surfactant in the synthesis of gold nanorods
Authors: Wei Ming-Zhang , Deng Tian-Song , Zhang Qi , Gu Yi-Jie , Cheng Zhiqun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The method by using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium oleate (NaOL) as binary surfactant mixture to synthesize high quality gold nanorods (AuNRs) has been one of the most widely used methods in this field. But the specific influence on the obtained AuNRs of these two surfactants has not been systematically studied in previous works. Here, we carry out series of experiments and characterized the results. By using the UV-VIR spectrophotometer and transmission electron microscope, we found the higher CTAB concentrations will lead to the larger aspect ratios of the obtained AuNRs. In addition, the final products under this method are more sensitive to the NaOL concentration.
Particulates Distribution in the Dynamic Pressure Sliding Bearing under the Oil Lubrication Condition
Authors: He Chen , Yu Fanzhen , Yang Kun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In the dynamic pressure sliding bearing under the oil lubrication condition, the lubrication oil between the journal and the bearing bush maintains the normal operation of the bearing, which is affected by the complete oil film, the boundary lubrication and the mixed film. With the increase of oil input and journal speed, it is not uniform towards the dynamic pressure distribution inside the sliding bearing. At the same time, cavitation is occurring, causing that particulates fall off the bearing surface, as well as the increase of the improper noises, which reduce the service life of the sliding bearing. The experimental result shows that the wear particles in the oil film are affected by the rotation speed of the shaft journal, the external load of the bearing and the size of the wear particles, so the wear particles in the bearing oil film are concentrated at the working face of the bearing bush and the minimum thickness of the oil film by centrifugal motion. Therefore, the study of the physical and chemical characteristics, which are talked on wear particles in the lubricating oil film of dynamic pressure sliding bearings, will play an important role in the fault diagnosis and condition monitoring of sliding bearings in the mechanical field.
Surface Integrity of Turned 6061 Aluminum Alloy using Liquid Nitrogen as Cooling Medium
Authors: Pan Duo , Wang Xiangyu , Niu Jintao , Qiao Yang , Guo Peiquan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Aluminum alloy is widely used in automobile, aerospace and other fields due to its excellent strength-to-weight ratio. And machined surface integrity is an important factor affecting the service performance of parts. In this paper, surface integrity of turned 6061 aluminum under liquid nitrogen cooling condition was studied. The results shows that, cryogenic cooling cutting with liquid nitrogen could effectively reduce the surface roughness, inhibit the generation of residual tensile stress and improved the surface microhardness compared with dry and emulsion cooling cutting. Cryogenic cooling processing has great advantages in cutting machining.
Effect of roller speed on heat transfer for ultra-thick steel plate during quenching
Authors: Tian Xiuhua , Fu Tianliang , Wang Zhaodong , Wang Guodong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn order to clarify the effect of roller speed on the heat exchange characteristics for ultra-thick steel plate during cooling, the roller quenching experiment was completed with the variable roller speed in the range of 3.2-12.8 mm/s. The surface heat transfer conditions were obtained by inverse heat conduction, and used to study the effect of roller speed on the surface rewetting phenomenon and heat flux. It was found that the rewetting speed and rewetting temperature increased with the increase of roller speed, and a higher surface heat flux was reached. By comparing the maximum cooling speed at different temperature measured points, increasing the roller speed had a positive effect on increasing the cooling uniformity along the horizontal direction. However, the cooling difference alone the thickness direction was enlarged. The above research results would provide method and basis for the technology optimization of roller quenching for ultra-thick steel plate.
In-situ observation of temperature effect on the tensile deformation behavior in laser melting deposited TA15 alloy
Authors: Rizwan Muhammad , Lu Junxia , Ullah Rafi , Zhang Yuefei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this study, laser melting deposited TA15 alloy was examined by in-situ SEM tensile deformation at a range of temperatures; RT, 300℃ and 500℃. The as-fabricated microstructure consists of prior β grains boundaries and fine basketweave microstructure. Due to LMD fabricated alloys’ anisotropic behavior, the tested samples were collected from the same region and direction. The XRD and SEM results showed that the temperature up to 500℃ has no impact on the phase constituent and structure morphology, revealing a stable microstructure. The tensile deformation at room temperature (RT) revealed that slip lines were the primary deformation mechanism generated in the parallel and larger alpha grain. An increase in temperature triggered grain boundary sliding during deformation, which enhanced the elongation in the material at the cost of tensile strength reduction. The grain boundary resistance to dislocation slip was affected by the sliding phenomenon due to increased temperature. Overall, the material showed stable tensile characteristics related linearly to the temperature variation.
Fabrication of antireflective hydrophobic periodic micro-hole structures on ZnS surface by femtosecond laser direct writing
Authors: Zhou Kun , Yuan Yanping , Chen Jimin , Wang Chunlian , Xiang Shibo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
ZnS has a promising wide range of applications in optical and optoelectronic areas. But the Fresnel reflection on ZnS surface reduces the transmittance of light and causes an obstacle in its applications. Thus, it is crucial to minimize the Fresnel reflection to promote the antireflection property. This paper demonstrates an effective way to fabricate antireflective periodic micro-hole structures on ZnS surface by femtosecond laser direct writing. The effects of laser power, scanning speed on the morphology of the holes are investigated. The fabricated structures exhibit an excellent antireflection property, and achieve more than 30% decrease in reflectance in the near-ultraviolet spectral wavelength range and near-infrared spectral region (200-800 nm), reducing 35% in 280 nm, especially. Besides, the prepared surface demonstrates effective performance concerning hydrophobicity with a contact angle of 107.4°, and the contact angle of unprocessed ZnS is 96.2°. These results show that the femtosecond laser can induce the antireflection and hydrophobic properties on the surface of ZnS, which has a potential application in outdoor optical and optoelectronic devices.
Thermal and Visual Comfort Analysis Using CBE Tools And Velux Simulation of Classroom in R.21 in Gedung Kuliah Bersama V University of Bengkulu
Authors: Seftyarizki D , Prihatiningrum A , Ramawangsa A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Thermal and Visual Comfort are two important subjects in building science. These two requirements also play important roles in creating good indoor environment quality. So does with R.21 in Gedung Bersama V Universitas Bengkulu, which used as a classroom. In a previous study, daylight visual comfort and mean radiant temperature for thermal comfort are already identified. However, the visual comfort of the previous study only defined the annual daylight. Meanwhile, thermal comfort was only defined by the mean radiant temperature obtained. In this recent study, different methods will be conducted to get more reliable results as well as upgrading the research quality. Thermal and Visual Comfort on August at 9 am, 11 am, and 1 pm and 3 pm will be identified. Thermal comfort quality will be measured with PMV standard from CBE calculation. Meanwhile, visual comfort quality will be interpreted using Velux daylight analysis and visualization. Weather data input is collected from Meteoblue. The result of the study showed that thermal comfort of the classroom is higher than standard, with PMV 1. Whereas visual comfort obtained already met the standard. Nevertheless, more output data obtained can improve the research map.
Development of the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) Method in calculating Embodied Energy Materials on Residential Buildings
Authors: Primasetra Anjar , Larasati Dewi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOne of the benefits of BIM towards a sustainable design is it can make a design system that will calculate the building energy in aim to give alternatives on energy-efficient design. BIM can be utilized to integrate the calculation of Embodied Energy (EE) Building Materials with the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) method. EE calculation could be easier for architects; hence, the architects can understand the impact of carbon emissions caused by construction activities during the design process. This paper aims to provide an overview of the use of BIM in calculating the EE value of the designed building material on the apartment project. Since the development and construction of flats and apartments, especially in Indonesia, are growing fast, this will give highly environmental impact if it is not properly controlled. The results showed that the BIM implementation in calculating the EE value could be done. Collaboration with other platforms can also be done to make the final calculation, and it will be displayed in attractive data visualizations. The percentage comparison of the embodied energy value in all of the building component materials can also be seen in the results of the analysis. In this case, the highest embodied energy percentage is the structural component, which is 53.16%. It is hoped that the development of this calculation method will contribute to the development of LCA so that EE can be easy to be calculated and have a good impact on the construction industry in the future, especially in Indonesia.
Energy Optimization on Campus Building Using Sefaira
Authors: Wibawa B. A. , Saraswati R. S. , Chandra A. B. , Saputro B. E. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Energy efficiency in buildings is an important target to be met to reduce the greenhouse effect’s impact. Simulation methods and techniques are essential for conducting energy analysis and producing targets more accurately and quickly. This research calculates and simulates the Energi Use Intensity (EUI) and Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sDA) in Semarang’s campus building. Simulations are carried out using Sefaira software as a plug-in to the Sketchup software. The first energy use simulation (EUI) analysis as a baseline was carried out using the ASHRAE 90.1-2019 material standard resulting in a 144 kWh/m2/yr. The second simulation on the facade’s conditions and existing materials becomes my baseline result increasing to EUI 157 kWh/m2/year. The first engineering improvement was to replace the existing TL/PL lighting with an LPD value of 15.0 watts/m2 and replaced it with LED with an efficiency of 5.0 watts/m2, which can reduce energy use 131 kWh/m2/year. Furthermore, the 2nd scenario reduced window openings on the west and east sides, which had an immense contribution to heat intake, resulting in an additional efficiency of 118 kWh/m2/year. In the third scenario, replacing all glass types with several alternatives results in a reduced value EUI 99-109 kWh/m2/year. Still, All changes to this type of glass resulted in a decrease in natural lighting quality so that the sDA value fell below 50%, with the status changing from my baseline “well lit” to “under lit.” 4th scenario, the analysis was carried out by replacing glass without reducing the wall openings (WWR reduction). The results show that all changes to glass types/colors resulted in a decrease in natural lighting quality, except for replacing the Panasap Euro Gray glass types that still provide 61% sDA and 11% ASE values, thus providing a “well lit” quality. Of the four scenarios, only scenarios 1 to 3 provide a value of natural lighting quality that remains “well lit.” Scenario 4 causes the rate to drop to “under-lit.” Furthermore, from scenarios 1, 2, and 3, the lowest EUI value is in scenario 2 with a value of 118 kWh/m2/yr, so the 2nd scenario is the best in this optimization process. The first section in your paper
An Analysis on a Vernacular Design in Wetland Environment Using Reconstruction Simulation Method
Authors: Muchamad Bani Noor , Mentayani Ira , Saud Mohammad Ibnu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This research aimed to reveal the vernacular designs formed by wetland environment and explain how the designs have been able to survive in a condition that the soil or land has low carrying capacity for structures. This research used a 3D-simulation method to reconstructed the situation, and for this purpose, Banjarese house that is Bubungan Tinggi house in South Borneo Province was chosen as the object of the study. By the method, the house was reconstructed digitally to prove that the information about how it had been able to stand firmly on a wetland. The 3D-simulation results were then analyzed so that the information of the construction pattern and the design type were generated. The result of typology analysis showed five types of designs which were then identified as the design concept of vernacular constructions of wetland environment. These five types of construction designs were (1) floating foundation, (2) continuous pillar, (3) pillar-binding beam, (4) beam-binding beam, and (5) pillar-locking beam. These five construction designs altogether formed a firm and stable structure on a wetland environment that known as indigeneous local of wetland vernacular.
The effect of insufficient artificial lighting on workers’ moods and physiology: preliminary research
Authors: Aryani S M , Kusumawanto A , Suryabrata J A , Airin C M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In line with the sustainability issue, the current research related to lighting has been focused on maintaining the health and well-being of the workers, not only for energy saving considerations. This preliminary research observed the effect of artificial light below the recommended illuminance levels for the workplace on the workers’ moods and their physiological condition. The researchers employed a quasi-experimental approach by observing the participants’ sleepiness state, mood, and physiological condition related to their cortisol levels in the first two and last two hours of their work shift. The research subjects were five male printing workers who worked in the basement of an office building in Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. As the room was below the ground floor, to accommodate their work activities, the employees relied on artificial lighting, complemented by a small amount of natural lighting entering the basement. The lighting was measured on the illuminance level of 250s lx and the CCT of 5000s K. The research revealed that there is no complaint or problem regarding the illuminance level, no effect on the individuals’ state of sleepiness, or on their moods. However, the cortisol level tended to decrease faster than the normal circadian curve. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that even though ‘insufficient’ lighting levels can accommodate activities, the physiological condition of the subjects shows different results which indicate a negative increment.
Optimization of Natural and Artificial Lighting System in UPGRIS Lecturer’s Workspace using Dialux Evo
Authors: Saraswati Ratri Septina , Wibawa Baju Arie , Saputra Bambang Eko 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Semarang city in Central Java has natural lighting from sunlight, throughout the year and can be optimized when integrated with artificial lighting. It will be reduce electrical consumption. Research in lecturer’s workspace in Gedung Pusat UPGRIS performs a simulation analysis of natural and artificial lighting and their integration using the Dialux EVO version 9.0. The simulation results of the existing condition of natural lighting is 164 Lux (09.00 AM) and 225 Lux (01.00 PM), while the existing simulation results provide 201 Lux with a power consumption of 1.69 Watt/m2. The results of the integration natural and artificial lighting produce 265 Lux (09.00 AM) and 256 Lux (01.00 PM) with the same electrical consumption of 0.84 Watt / m2. This value shows that the existing simulations of natural, artificial and integrated of them are still less than the SNI 16-7062-2004 standard is 350 Lux. The first retrofitting by changing the type and number of lamps resulted in 393 Lux higher from SNI standard 350 Lux. The simulation produced 556 Lux at 09:00AM and 648 Lux at 01:00PM, veryhigher than SNI standart 350 Lux. Through this retrofitting approach, artificial lighting at night shows minimum standard because no light. The second retrofitting effort is to turn off the lights automatically Lux sensor in the workspace area near the windows the natural lighting is strong enough, the results show that the illumination strength of 402 Lux at 09:00AM and 494 Lux at 01:00PM with low electrical consumption during the day becomes 2.92 Watt/m2.
Evaluation of lighting design on Working Space (Case Study: Indo Global Mandiri Faculty office)
Authors: Febrina S E , Ali R A N 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
These days when a well-lit working space yet with sustainable building are significant issues in building performance. A building that designed to be an office should have enough illumination and low energy consumption. The newest constructed and finished building designated for Faculty members of Indo Global Mandiri University (UIGM) is expected to provide the optimum well-lit working space that can give a good support for accomplishing work and task given. Therefore, an evaluation on illumination level obtained from lighting design on working space for this building should been done. Evaluation is carryout by simulation tools to find out the illumination level contour, and daylight factor. Several factors will be accounted for the evaluation such as opening, arrangement and type of luminaries, and material. The method used in this evaluation is simulation software that shows the value of illumination on working level plane and validate with field measurement. The result of this evaluation will show whether lighting design on working space in the case study meets the standard illumination for working space. Optimized daylight for minimum energy consumption in artificial lighting could be the proposed recommendation.
Implementation of the Greenship Rating Tools in The Centre of Excellent (CoE) building at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Authors: Busono T , Rahmanisa H O , Surahman U , Mulyadi Y , Setiawan W 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Environmental problems, especially global warming, have become the main topics discussed recently, and one of the causes is coming from the construction sectors. Therefore, to reduce environmental damage and global warming caused by the construction sectors, design and planning of buildings refer to the concept of green buildings. Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI), especially the Faculty of Technology and Vocational Education (FPTK), intended to implement the Green Buildings concept in the design and planning of the Center of Excellent (CoE) Technical And Vocational Education And Training (TVET) Building. For this reason, an evaluation of the implementation of the green building concept was carried out by using the criteria assessment based on the Greenship Assessment tool for New Buildings version 1.2 belongs to the Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI). This research aims to obtain an assessment index and evaluate the green building concept in that building design. It was conducted at the Design Recognition (DR) stage, which is the assessment stage carried out when the project is in design and planning finalization. The data used is in the form of secondary data from the planner, including a plan drawing, BoQ (Bill of Quantity), and DED (Detail Engineering Design). The results generate ratings of greenship level at a percentage of 62.34%, with the predicated Gold. The category which generates the most point is the energy efficiency and Appropriate category with the improvement in building material used. Recommendations are divided into design recommendations (architectural) and management recommendations (non-architectural).
Books and Discussion Hybrid Space for Creative City
Authors: Awaliyah Dian Nafiatul 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWhen pandemic covid-19 happen, many reading community basecamp are closed. It is because of the danger for the visitors to come. The small reading house can’t provide enough space for visitors to get physical distancing. So it is important to think about future city planning that solve this problem. We know that creative place is important to raise creative vibe for encouraging the growth of creative citizen. The online platforms become alternative space that also supports this purpose. So we may need the hybrid space which combine between physical and digital space. With qualitative method we can find out some ‘ideal spaces’ that can be learnt and being inspiration for that purpose. Ubud Writers Readers Festival, Asian Literary Festival, International Literary Festival and Patjar Merah Literary Festival can be the study cases. The creative festivals have components that we need to replicate in the ideal space for discussion and reading public space. Europe cities have corners where people can charity their books while another citizen uses the books by reading them on the spot or bring them to home. Exchanging books and ideas not only become good culture but also create citizens great bounding for stronger city.