bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State security and individual security as exemplified by operational surveillance used by the Polish counter-intelligence service
Authors: Rosicki Remigiusz 
Published: November 2021

The material scope of the research problem presented in the text encompasses the issues concerned with operational surveillance that the Polish civilian counter-intelligence service, i.e. the Internal Security Agency (in Polish abbreviated as ABW – Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego), is authorised to. The main purpose of the analysis is to assess the changes introduced as a result of the passing of the so-called Surveillance Act in 2016. The Act was supposed to introduce new regulations with regard to the powers concerning operational surveillance and obtaining of ICT data, granted to particular secret and police services. The said changes were enforced by the judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal, which in 2014 found numerous violations of the provisions of the Constitutions of the Republic of Poland caused by the existing regulations authorising the services to engage in particular operational and investigative actions.
In order to elaborate the material scope of the research problem, and to present the conclusions, the following research questions have been presented in the text: Do the legal regulations concerning the powers vested in the Polish civilian counter-intelligence service within operational surveillance infringe individual rights and freedoms (e.g. the right to privacy, protection of personal information, privacy of correspondence), and if so, then to what extent?
Functional and pro-constitutional interpretations have been applied to assess the provisions regulating the powers of the Internal Security Agency with regard to operational surveillance and obtaining of ICT data. The functional interpretation focuses on the function of selected legal solutions, whereas the pro-constitutional interpretation focuses on the assessment of legal solutions in the context of the principles of a democratic state ruled by law, as well as human rights and freedoms. As regards the pro-constitutional interpretation, the tool used for assessment is the test of proportionality, i.e. the rule used for interpreting legal norms according to the degree and legitimacy of the interference in individual rights and freedoms.
Activities of the Social-Cultural Society of Germans in Opole Silesia in the aspect of ethnic policy of the Polish state
Authors: Szczepański Andrzej 
Published: November 2021

Some of the most important principles of state ethnic policy are to ensure national and ethnic minorities possibility of continuing their national distinction and to enable them participation in public life, including political. The German minority residing in Poland, the most numerous among national minorities, participates actively in realization of the above-mentioned principles. The German minority is most numerous in Upper Silesia area where since 1990 the biggest minority organization in Poland, the Social-Cultural Society of Germans in Opole Silesia (TSKN), has been operating.
The basic aim of this article was to make an attempt to describe TSKN activities in the aspect of Polish state ethnic policy assumptions. Research tools and methods used were: historical, comparative, statistical, source study and literature review. Essential research was also study of Internet sources, first and foremost Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration websites as well as TSKN websites. Research hypothesis had been formulated, according to which the Third Republic of Poland ethnic policy not only enable keeping national identity for the German minority living in the region of Opole Silesia, but also creates for the minority appropriate conditions to participate in public life of the region. As a result of research process above-mentioned hypothesis was verified positively.
The historical and sociological determinants of Polish-Ukrainian political dialogue
Authors: Trosiak Cezary 
Published: November 2021

The presence of over a million Ukrainian immigrants in Poland has inspired various analyses and studies. They seek to answer the question of how this largest group of immigrants, living in Poland mainly for economic and educational purposes,will influence the course of discussions on the social, political, cultural and, finally, economic consequences of migration.
Yet another question, which the author of this article is attempting to answer, concerns how historical events such as the “Volhynia slaughter” and the forced displacement of Polish and Ukrainian people from 1939 to 1952 will affect the content and intensity of Polish-Ukrainian political dialogue and the content of political history. The author formulates the thesis that both Poles and Ukrainians can use these events to achieve short-term political goals.
Overcoming historical burdens is a process that will take many years and last for generations. Politics, however, is more short-term and its vectors frequently change. This observation should encourage taking up the challenges related to Polish-Ukrainian reconciliation, which is a necessary condition for good neighbourly relations between the Republic of Poland and Ukraine, and more broadly, between Poles and Ukrainians, both in Poland and in Ukraine.
Gender equality policy in Georgia and challenges
Authors: Letodiani Tamar 
Published: November 2021

Scientific research confirms that equal opportunities for girls and boys is one of the most important determinants of development, which has a positive impact on the country’s progress in all vital areas, the country’s economy, politics and social life.
The paper “Gender equality policy in Georgia and challenges” combines a mixed study to explore important aspects of gender equality principles in Georgia a variety of areas, including women’s political involvement, quotas and mechanisms during elections, domestic violence and violence against women. Prevention, premature marriage as a form of violence.
Public or non-governmental institutions working on these issues, research of state programs, which programs help citizens in involvement and development, empowerment of women and rural women, and economic prosperity. Georgian legislation, as well as gender budgeting and programs were studied.
The data obtained from the studies give us a basis to draw the following conclusions:

Despite the positive general legal framework, Georgia fails to meet its international commitments in practice to uphold the principles of equal rights for women and gender equality.
Quotas system and mechanisms have been improved in Georgia again.
Georgia still lacks shelters and services for victims of violence.
There are no solid coordination mechanisms between the state agency and local self-governments.
Public servants need to acquire additional knowledge and experience on gender sensitivity, budgeting and program planning.
Hepatotoxicidad colestásica asociada a tratamiento con enoxaparina
Authors: Velasco de Cos Guillermo , Sánchez-Molina Acosta Isabel , Iturralde Ros Marta , Maiztegi Azpitarte Ainhoa , Moyano Martinez Ana 
Published: November 2021

Resumen

Objectivos
El uso de heparina de bajo peso molecular está muy extendido en la práctica clínica. En muy raras ocasiones, algunos pacientes desarrollan hepatitis pocos días después de haber iniciado el tratamiento, y la inmediata suspensión del mismo resulta determinante a la hora de evitar que esta se cronifique.

Caso clínico
Estos episodios suelen producirse solo en presencia de niveles elevados de transaminasas. Presentamos el caso de un paciente que presentó hepatotoxicidad con patrón colestásico, que es muy poco frecuente en este tipo de fármaco.

Conclusiones
La hepatitis asociada al uso de heparinas es una entidad infradiagnosticada. Dado que esta patología no se suele manifestar con un claro perfil clínico, el laboratorio juega un papel fundamental en su diagnóstico.
Existence of multiple nontrivial solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger-Korteweg-de Vries type system
Authors: Geng Qiuping , Wang Jun , Yang Jing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper we are concerned with the existence, nonexistence and bifurcation of nontrivial solution of the nonlinear Schrödinger-Korteweg-de Vries type system(NLS-NLS-KdV). First, we find some conditions to guarantee the existence and nonexistence of positive solution of the system. Second, we study the asymptotic behavior of the positive ground state solution. Finally, we use the classical Crandall-Rabinowitz local bifurcation theory to get the nontrivial positive solution. To get these results we encounter some new challenges. By combining the Nehari manifolds constraint method and the delicate energy estimates, we overcome the difficulties and find the two bifurcation branches from one semitrivial solution. This is an new interesting phenomenon but which have not previously been found.
Development and implementation of an online platform for curriculum mapping in medical education
Authors: Majerník Jaroslav , Kacmarikova Andrea , Komenda Martin , Kononowicz Andrzej A. , Kocurek Anna , Stalmach-Przygoda Agata , Balcerzak Łukasz , Hege Inga , Ciureanu Adrian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Nowadays universities face ever-increasing demands on quality of education, which is crucial from perspective of future graduates. In face of the need of constant quality improvements of medical curricula, it is important to seek strategies for their efficient management. The general trend is to develop electronic support tools to streamline the curricular design, analysis and harmonization.

Methods
Based on the requirements we have identified by the needs analysis among curriculum designers, teachers and managers at five universities involved in the Building Curriculum Infrastructure in Medical Education (BCIME) project, and evidence published in literature on curriculum development, we have developed methodological guidelines on curriculum innovations and a software-based tools that help manage, map and analyse curricula in the medical and healthcare study fields.

Results
In this paper, we share our experiences with building and implementation of EDUportfolio, an online platform developed within our consortium and intended to facilitate harmonisation and optimisation of medical outcome-based curricula. Its functionalities and outputs were verified by pilot mapping of Anatomy curricula as taught at partner universities in five European countries.

Conclusions
The visualisation and the analysis of described curriculum data using natural language processing techniques revealed both the hidden relations between curriculum building blocks and a set of overlaps and gaps in curricula. In addition, we demonstrate both the usability of the platform in the context of the involved academic environments and the capability to map and compare curricula across different institutions and different countries.
Iconic strategies in lexical sensory signs in Finnish Sign Language
Authors: Keränen Jarkko 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIconic strategies—methods of making iconic forms—have been mostly considered in terms of concrete semantic fields such as actions and objects. In this article, I investigate iconic strategies in lexical sensory signs—signs that semantically relate to the five senses (sight, touch, smell, sound, and taste) and to emotions (e.g., anger)—in Finnish Sign Language. The iconic strategy types I discuss are hand-action, entity, drawing, and locating. I also discuss the indexical strategy type (e.g., finger pointing). To gain as rich and broad a view as possible, the mixed methods in the research consist of three components: intuition based, intersubjective, and statistical analyses. The main findings are (1) that, in order from most preferred to least preferred strategy, the hand-action, the entity, the indexical, and the drawing were found in lexical sensory signs; the locating strategy was not found at all, and (2) that the interpretation of iconic strategies is not always unambiguous and absolute. In conclusion, I reflect on methodological issues, and suggest that the concept of cross-modal iconicity and indexicality should be further studied in sign language linguistics.
Multigraded Castelnuovo–Mumford regularity via Klyachko filtrations
Authors: Miró-Roig Rosa M. , Salat-Moltó Martí 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we considerℤr{\mathbb{Z}^{r}}-graded modules on theCl⁡(X){\operatorname{Cl}(X)}-graded Cox ringℂ⁢[x1,…,xr]{\mathbb{C}[x_{1},\ldots,x_{r}]}of a smooth complete toric varietyX. Using the theory of Klyachko filtrations in the reflexive case, we construct a collection of lattice polytopes codifying the multigraded Hilbert function of the module. We apply this approach to reflexiveℤs+r+2{\mathbb{Z}^{s+r+2}}-graded modules over any non-standard bigraded polynomial ringℂ⁢[x0,…,xs,y0,…,yr]\mathbb{C}[x_{0},\ldots,x_{s},\allowbreak y_{0},\ldots,y_{r}]. In this case, we give sharp bounds for the multigraded regularity index of their multigraded Hilbert function, and a method to compute their Hilbert polynomial.
High power microbial fuel cell operating at low temperature using cow dung waste
Authors: Çek Nurettin , Erensoy Ahmet , Ak Namık , Uslu Hasan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Moving towards green technology, alternatives to current detrimental, unsustainable, and expensive energy applications for eco-friendly energy are attracting great attention. Resource recycling and the convenient treatment of animal waste to diminish its nature impact are recently momentous subjects. Microbial fuel cells used cow waste have remarkable potential in electrical energy generation for clean, renewable and sustainable operation. In this study, double-chambered MFC was manufactured using cow manure as raw material at the anode chamber, graphite as the anode and cathode electrodes, fountain water in the cathode chamber, and proton exchange membrane. Because bacteria a catalytic reaction for the latent chemical energy of the cow manure was effectuated as a result of this, MFCs produced electricity. Electricity production performance of this MFC at low temperature (0–10 °C) conditions was examined. This MFC produced a maximum of 204.9 ± 0.1 mV open circuit voltage and 57.387 mW/m2 power density under low temperature conditions. In particular, the sustainability and applicability of MFCs have been increased thanks to this operation done at low temperatures (0–10 °C).
Dynamics investigation on methane hydrate formation process with combined promotion methods
Authors: Wei Yuanxia , Bai Jing , Xu Junhao , Zhang Chaoyue , Xie Gengbiao , Li Pan , Chang Chun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Rapid generation of natural gas hydrates is the basis for the application of hydrate storage and transportation. In this work, the kinetic parameters of methane hydrate formation (gas consumption, gas consumption rate constant and reaction space velocity) both in the liquid continuous impinging stream (LIS) system and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) + water and LIS combination system were investigated in a liquid-continuous impinging stream reactor. The gas consumption rate constant was 3.40 × 10−8 mol2 s−1 J−1 without the impinging stream, while it increased with the increase of impinging strength and reached the maximum value of 3.68 × 10−8 mol2 s−1 J−1 when the impinging strength was 0.21. In the SDS + water and LIS combination system, when the SDS concentration was 600 mg/L, the maximum gas consumption rate constant was 3.99 × 10−8 mol2 s−1 J−1 without the impinging stream, while it reached the maximum value of 4.61 × 10−8 mol2 s−1 J−1 when the impinging strength was 0.38. The results showed that the impinging stream can effectively promote the formation rate of methane hydrate, and single mechanical promotion was better than non-promoting mode but combination promotion methods was better than single mechanical promotion.
The vehicle routing problem in the dairy sector: a case study
Authors: Rinaldi Marta , Bottani Eleonora , Solari Federico , Montanari Roberto 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The vehicle routing problem is one of the most studied NP-hard combinatorial problem. In the food sector, the complexity of the issue grows because of the presence of strict constraints. Taking into account the variability and the restrictions typical of the dairy sector, the aim of this paper is to provide a practical tool for solving the milk collection problem in real scenarios. A heuristic approach has been proposed to determine a feasible solution for a real-life problem, including capacity and time constraints. Two different applications of the Nearest Neighbor algorithm have been modelled and compared with the current system. Different tests have been implemented for evaluating the suitability of the outcomes. Results show that the greedy approach allows for involving less vehicles and reducing the travel time. Moreover, the tool has been proved to be flexible, able to solve routing problems with stochastic times and high supply variability.
Terminology as a source of difficulty in translating international legal discourses: an empirical cross-genre study
Authors: Prieto Ramos Fernando , Cerutti Giorgina 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Despite the persistent focus on terminology in legal translation studies, to date, no large-scale research has empirically explored the difficulty of terminology in translating legal genres. Approaches to translation difficulty in translation studies more broadly remain limited in scope. To fill this gap, a study was conducted to measure the difficulty associated with the translation of legal terminology and phraseology, as well as with terminology of other domains, in the LETRINT 1+ corpus, including nine representative genres of three institutional settings (the European Union, the United Nations and the World Trade Organization). For comparative purposes, four levels of translation difficulty were assigned to multiple terminological features by a group of specialized translators through a consensus-building process of annotation based on the cognitive effort estimated for translation decision-making. The difficulty scores obtained confirm the correlation between legal singularity and higher translation difficulty, as well as the connection of more commonly used legal terms and phrasemes, and core economic terms, with lower difficulty levels. The findings also provide evidence of the prominence of non-legal specialized terminology in institutional legal discourses, and the aggregate terminological difficulty levels of each genre examined, which can be particularly useful for informing translation quality assurance, project management and translator training.
Inertial accelerated algorithms for solving split feasibility with multiple output sets in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Okeke Chibueze C. , Jolaoso Lateef O. , Shehu Yekini 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we propose two inertial accelerated algorithms which do not require prior knowledge of operator norm for solving split feasibility problem with multiple output sets in real Hilbert spaces. We prove weak and strong convergence results for approximating the solution of the considered problem under certain mild conditions. We also give some numerical examples to demonstrate the performance and efficiency of our proposed algorithms over some existing related algorithms in the literature.
Artificial neural network for improving the estimation of weighted mean temperature in Egypt
Authors: Abdelfatah Mohamed Amin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
One of the most important parameters in meteorological data is the Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV). It can be measured by radiosonde stations (RS), but the fact is that RS are not available in all times. Therefore, GNSS satellite signals are considered an accurate function to compute it within a conversation factor. The conversation factor depends on the weighted mean temperature (

T

m

{T_{m}}

) which is non-measurable.
In this research, a new idea to estimate

T

m

{T_{m}}

is provided, which can potentially contribute to the GNSS meteorology. The

T

m

{T_{m}}

was designed, including six RS, over one year in Egypt as input parameters. The machine learning (ML) model has been utilized in the design (IBM SPSS Statistics 25 package). The new model needs to collect the day of year (DOY), site location information and surface temperature to predict the

T

m

{T_{m}}

. The results of ML model and four other empirical models (Bevis et al., Wayan and Iskanda, Yao and Elhaty et al. models) are compared. The validation work is carried out, using the radiosonde data, and results indicate that the new

T

m

{T_{m}}

model can achieve the best performance with RMS of 1.7 K.
Construction of 3D model of knee joint motion based on MRI image registration
Authors: Zhang Lei , Lai Zheng Wen , Shah Mohd Asif 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
There is a growing demand for information and computational technology for surgeons help with surgical planning as well as prosthetics design. The two-dimensional images are registered to the three-dimensional (3D) model for high efficiency. To reconstruct the 3D model of knee joint including bone structure and main soft tissue structure, the evaluation and analysis of sports injury and rehabilitation treatment are detailed in this study. Mimics 10.0 was used to reconstruct the bone structure, ligament, and meniscus according to the pulse diffusion-weighted imaging sequence (PDWI) and stir sequences of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Excluding congenital malformations and diseases of the skeletal muscle system, MRI scanning was performed on bilateral knee joints. Proton weighted sequence (PDWI sequence) and stir pulse sequence were selected for MRI. The models were imported into Geomagic Studio 11 software for refinement and modification, and 3D registration of bone structure and main soft tissue structure was performed to construct a digital model of knee joint bone structure and accessory cartilage and ligament structure. The 3D knee joint model including bone, meniscus, and collateral ligament was established. Reconstruction and image registration based on mimics and Geomagic Studio can build a 3D model of knee joint with satisfactory morphology, which can meet the requirements of teaching, motion simulation, and biomechanical analysis.
An unusual presentation of primary adrenal insufficiency with new onset type 1 diabetes: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Graf Shelby , Poeppelman Rachel Stork , McVean Jennifer , Rayannavar Arpana , Sunni Muna 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To describe an atypical presentation of primary adrenal insufficiency in conjunction with new onset type 1 diabetes.

Case presentation
Here, we describe a case of new-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) presenting simultaneously with an unusual presentation of primary adrenal insufficiency in a previously healthy 16-year-old. He was admitted for a typical presentation of diabetic ketoacidosis, but with extreme hyponatremia. An extensive workup revealed a low aldosterone level, appropriate cortisol level, and positive 21-hydroxylase antibodies. While the phenomenon of multiple autoimmune conditions developing in the same patient is well-described, this particular case has several atypical aspects. Our patient’s case highlights the danger of relying on random serum cortisol in the setting of acute illness to rule out adrenal insufficiency.

Conclusions
Adrenal insufficiency can present as isolated hypoaldosteronism without hypocortisolemia and can manifest as severe hyponatremia in the context of diabetic ketoacidosis. Workup for an unusual presentation of T1D should include a 21-hydroxylase antibody, as well as thyroid and celiac disease studies.