bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wire EDM Parameter Optimization of AlSi10Mg Alloy Processed by Selective Laser Melting
Authors: P Vaidyaa , J Jefrin John , M Puviyarasan , T Ram Prabhu , N Eswara Prasad 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This work attempts to optimize the multi-objective characteristics of wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) in SLM fabricated AlSi10Mg through a hybrid artificial neural network (ANN) coupled Genetic algorithm approach. The SLM is unambiguously one of the most effective commercially viable successful additive manufacturing (AM) technologies that have the potential to replace many traditional methods of manufacturing. However, the highly intricate metallic support structures created in SLM are too strong to be eliminated by hands for which precision machining operations such as WEDM are widely employed for post-processing of SLM-AlSi10Mg. The Taguchi experimental design, considering the three most influencing factors, was performed to obtain micro-hardness and surface roughness results. The input factors for optimization are discharge current, discharge voltage, and pulse time-on in the WEDM process. The multi-objective optimization is performed using the ANN coupled (GA) approach where the ANN model has been generated first and the results of the best model are fed to GA for optimization. For this, five variants of three-layered, multi-perceptron models with feed-forward (BP) neural structures are also developed. The current model is supplemented with a Levenberg-Marquart algorithm that uses Logarithmic Sigmoid (Logsig) and Linear (Purelin) transfer functions. Finally, the response values from the best ANN model (3-10-2) are employed for multi-objective optimization using GA. The present study establishes the following optimized process parameters. 12 A discharge current, 42 V discharge voltage, and 12 µs time-on for maximized microhardness of 478 VHN and minimized surface roughness of 4.3 µm, both with greater than 98% confidence level. The present study reports briefly phase characterization such as the presence of Si particles, α-Al, and Mg2Si phases on the re-cast surface. The surface quality of the optimized specimen exhibits superior surface quality than its other experimental counterparts.
Human-nature connectedness as a pathway to sustainability: a global meta-analysis
Authors: Barragan-Jason Gladys , de Mazancourt Claire , Parmesan Camille , Singer Michael , Loreau Michel 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Internationally-agreed sustainability goals are being missed. Here, we document a potential reason for this failure and show how the extent to which humans see themselves as part of nature – known as human-nature connectedness (HNC) – can be used as a leverage point for increasing public engagement towards sustainability targets. We conduct the first global quantitative analysis of the HNC literature, with meta-analyses of 59 experimental and 147 correlational studies. Meta-analysis of experiments documents significant increases in HNC after manipulations involving contact with nature and "mindfulness" practices (focusing on oneself and surroundings in the present moment). By contrast, estimated effects on HNC of environmental education and virtual nature experience were minimal. Meta-analysis of correlational studies documents that individuals with high HNC had higher levels of physical contact with nature, more engagement in mindfulness and more pro-nature behaviours. They also felt significantly happier and healthier than those with low HNC. Thus, HNC is positively linked to mindsets that value sustainability and behaviours that enhance it. Further, we show that HNC can be enhanced by interventions and we identify techniques most likely to succeed. These results suggest that enhancing HNC, via promotion of targeted practices, can improve sustainability.
Intrinsic Zero-Linear and Zero-Area Compressibility over an Ultra-Wide Pressure Range within a “Gear-Spring” Structure
Authors: Jiang Dequan , Wen Ting , Song Huimin , Jiang Zimin , Li Chen , Liu Ke , Yang Wenge , Mao Ho-Kwang , Wang Yonggang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Materials with zero-linear compression (ZLC) and zero-area compression (ZAC) hold great promises for specific applications retaining constant in specific directions or planes under external impaction. Up to now, no more than ten ZLC/ZAC materials have been reported, most of which are of very limited working pressure ranges (< 10 GPa). Herein, we report the observation of concurrent ZLC and ZAC in Li2Ti(IO3)6 with a “Gear-Spring” type structure over an ultra-wide pressure range (0 ~ 40 GPa). Structure analysis reveals that the rotatable metal coordination polyhedra (gears) and extremely compressible metal chains (springs) work together to form an exquisite mechanical unloading device with intrinsic ZLC and ZAC behavior. Moreover, Li2Ti(IO3)6 sets a record-wide ZLC/ZAC working pressure range (up to 40 GPa) among anisotropic compression materials. The demonstration of intrinsic and long-lasting ZLC/ZAC with a “Gear-Spring” mechanism paves the way to shock-resistant precision optics applied under extreme conditions.
Cold Gas in Massive Galaxies as A Critical Test of Black Hole Feedback Models
Authors: Shi Jingjing , Peng Yingjie , Diemer Benedikt , Stevens Adam , Pillepich Annalisa , Renzini Alvio , Dou Jing , Gao Yu , Gu Qiusheng , Ho Luis , Kong Xu , Lagos Claudia , Li Di , Li Jiaxuan , Maiolino Roberto , Mannucci Filippo , Xie Lizhi , Zhang Chengpeng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Black hole feedback has been widely implemented as the key recipe to quench star formation in massive galaxies in modern semi-analytic models and hydrodynamical simulations. As the theoretical details surrounding the accretion and feedback of black holes continue to be refined, various feedback models have been implemented across simulations, with notable differences in their outcomes. Yet, most of these simulations have successfully reproduced some observations, such as stellar mass function and star formation rate density in the local Universe. We use the recent observation on the change of neutral hydrogen gas mass (including both H2 and H1) with star formation rate of massive central disc galaxies as a critical test of black hole feedback models across several simulations. We find that IllustrisTNG reproduces the observations significantly better than the other models that we have tested. This favors IllustrisTNG's treatment of active galactic nuclei---where kinetic winds are driven by black holes at low accretion rates---as the most physically plausible amongst those we test. In turn, this also supports the idea that the massive central disc galaxy population in the local Universe was likely quenched by AGN feedback.
Cell-cell Communication Inference from Single-cell RNA-Seq Data: a Comparison of Methods and Resources
Authors: Dimitrov Daniel , Türei Dénes , Boys Charlotte , Nagai James , Flores Ricardo Ramirez , Kim Hyojin , Szalai Bence , Costa Ivan , Dugourd Aurelien , Valdeolivas Alberto , Rodriguez Julio Saez 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The growing availability of single-cell data has sparked an increased interest in the inference of cell-cell communication from this data. Many tools have been developed for this purpose. Each of them consists of a resource of intercellular interactions prior knowledge and a method to predict potential cell-cell communication events. Yet the impact of the choice of resource and method on the resulting predictions is largely unknown. To shed light on this, we created a framework, available at https://github.com/saezlab/liana/tree/biorxiv-clean, to facilitate a comparative assessment of methods for inferring cell-cell communication from single cell transcriptomics data and then compared 15 resources and 6 methods. We found few unique interactions and a varying degree of overlap among the resources, and observed uneven coverage in terms of pathways and biological categories. We analysed a colorectal cancer single cell RNA-Seq dataset using all possible combinations of methods and resources. We found major differences among the highest ranked intercellular interactions inferred by each method even when using the same resources. The varying predictions lead to fundamentally different biological interpretations, highlighting the need to benchmark resources and methods.
Quantitative research on kidney transplants over 10 years in Brazil
Authors: de Oliveira Marcella Thamirys Leles , Japiassu Renato Barbosa , Rached Chennyfer Dobbins Abi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Chronic Kidney Failure is a chronic-degenerative disease that causes irreversible renal pathological changes, paralyzing the vital functions of the kidneys. This study aims to carry out a survey of the absolute number of kidney transplants in Brazil in the period from 2010 to 2020. This work is a bibliographic research of an explanatory nature and quantitative approach, where it is intended to quantify the absolute number of Chronic Kidney Patients in a period 10 years, who underwent kidney transplantation in Brazil. In this study it is possible to identify the continuous growth in the absolute number of transplants in Brazil, but although there has been an increase in the number of transplants, it still does not meet the expected growth so that it can better meet the needs of the Brazilian population, since today the kidney disease and underlying diseases, such as diabetes and systemic arterial hypertension, have been increasing the number of cases of the disease, and the public service must equally meet these needs, especially regarding financial investments and guidance from the multidisciplinary team, always focusing on primary care of health.
Factors Affecting Lymph Node Yield in Surgically Resected Colorectal Cancer Specimens
Authors: Nagarajan Deepa , Jain Rupa Ashish , Shah Anita Bharat , Munde Rajesh , Shah Mita Y 
Published: July 2021

Background: Currently, the CAP protocol mandates evaluation of ≥12 Lymph nodes as a quality indicator for the adequacy of pathologic examination of colorectal cancer resection specimens. Aim: To identify factors that may influence the lymph node yield in colorectal cancer specimens and to compare with the relevant publications.

Methods: The retrospective study of seventy patients with loco-regional colorectal adenocarcinomas treated by standard surgical resection from April 2015- April 2017 was included. All cases with inadequate lymph nodes had been re-grossed by another pathologist. Variables like age, gender, primary site, type of surgery, specimen length, tumour size, grade and stage, neoadjuvant therapy and tumour site perforation were evaluated for their impact on the average total number of nodes examined.
Results: Out of seventy, eleven [15.71%] patients had inadequate mean nodal yield [MNY]. Of these eleven patients, MNY was greater in males [6.6] than in females [6.4]. MNY was lesser in patients with age >50years [5.71] than patients ≤ 50 years [8]. The yield increased exponentially with increasing tumour stage and tumour size. Yield was higher in tumours with perforation. Specimens longer than 20cm had a higher yield [7.29] than in shorter specimens [5.25]. The yield was lesser when tumour is located more distally [APR:4.5 and AR &sigmoid colectomy:7.7]. Seven patients had taken neoadjuvant therapy [63.6%] of whom, six had moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma & one had no tumour.
Conclusion: Factors like neoadjuvant therapy, age & gender of the patient, type of surgery, length of the specimen, tumour size, grade, stage, site & perforation, affect the MNY in colorectal cancers.
Comparison of KOH with Culture in the Diagnosis of Dematophytic Fungal Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kataria Shaveta , Galhotra Shipra , Kapoor Priya , Jindal Neerja , Bains Trimaan Kaur , Kansal Rinkal Kaur 
Published: July 2021

Background: Skin mycoses also called dermatophytosis is the most common fungal infection affects 20-25% of World population. Its prevalence varies place to place with climatic changes, time to time with age, sex and lifestyle of the population. Dermatophytoses could be caused by dermatophytes and non-dermatophytes, their frequency of isolation differs with geographical variation.
Objectives: To study various clinical presentations of skin mycosis and compare KOH with culture in the diagnosis of dermatophytic infections in a tertiary care hospital.
Material & Methods: A total of 98 skin scrapings collected from consecutive OPD patients from 1st June 2016 to 31st May 2017 examined using KOH and culture on modified Sabouraud’s dextrose agar medium. The isolated fungi were identified by morphology, lactophenol cotton blue, slide culture and biochemical tests.
Results & Discussions: T. corporis (40.82%) was the most common clinical presentation followed by T. cruris (17.35%), T. pedis (15.31%), T. capitis (8.16%). Fungal infections were demonstrated in 52/98(53.06%). The male to female ratio of the positive cases was 15:9. The most affected age group in males 30-40yrs and females 40-50yrs. KOH positive were 43.87% (43/98). The samples which were positive in both KOH and culture were 17.35% (17/98), those positive in KOH and culture negative were 26.53% (26/98) and KOH negative and culture positive were 7.14% (7/98). Out of 24 positive cultures, 21 were dermatophytes and three were non-dermatophytes. The most common dermatophytes were T. mentagrophytes (62.5%) followed by T. rubrum (20.8%) and M. gypseum (4.33%).
Conclusion: Skin mycoses is caused mainly by dermatophytes (T. mentagrophytes followed by T. rubrum) but non-dermatophytic infections do occur. Therefore, fungal culture is imperative for correct diagnosis and proper treatment.
Identification, Dimension and Evaluation of Catalytic Projects in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Sarkheyli Elnaz , Zakerhaghighi Kianoosh 
Published: July 2021

Since the 1980s, a wide range of physical and non-physical interventions, including megaprojects and flagships to small-scale projects and temporary usage, are prescribed as catalysts for urban regeneration. The strategy of utilizing urban catalysts as a tool for urban renewal has been encouraging by many city authorities through specific subsidization and privileges. However, there is no correct and precise definition of the tools and the qualities they should provide as their impacts. Besides, some criticize the catalytic projects due to their unsustainable, unjust, and destructive consequences. This paper intends to provide a more comprehensive definition of urban catalysts by reviewing the existing literature. The research has been done through a deductive and inductive approach to reach the principal dimensions and criteria for catalytic projects. It uses a series of potential projects and interventions in the City of Tehran (16 projects and practices) as case studies to check the dimensions and criteria and the quality of each project as catalysts. The quality of the selected case studies was ranked through expert judgment and checklist method. The findings show the cases' rank on how their catalytic impacts comply with sustainable development goals. According to the results, seven criteria (environmental sustainability, context-based development, pattern making, branding, social quality of life, economic prosperity, and market adaptability) are essential to ensure the sustainability of catalytic impacts of catalyst projects.
Hydrochemical study of bottled water in Rwanda and relationship with their origin
Authors: Iyakare J. D. , Taupin J-D. , Hitimana C. N. , Dusabimana T. , Ghalit M. , El Ouahabi M. , Benali M. , Ngendo C. , Gharibi E. K. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In Rwanda, commercialized bottled water comes mainly from aquifers located in Rwanda and in neighboring countries. In this study, we compare geochemical parameters of bottled water from the great lakes region and seek to correlate mineralization, hydrochemistry and geological facies of the water reservoir. Based on the results obtained from major ions, trace elements and stable isotopes, 15 bottled waters were analyzed. Bottled waters show low mineralization and various chemical facies, with mainly the dominance of sodium due to the occurrence of alkaline granites in the East Africa region. Bottled water quality was evaluated using various classification systems. All bottled waters show low mineralization attributed to low rock-water interaction with granite, and to unconfined aquifer close to the surface fed by direct infiltration and possibly with high transit fractured circulation. In this region, the very high population density with high agricultural activities lead to strong anthropogenic conditions, but most of the bottled waters do not show any evidence of influence. However, this does not prevent regular control of water quality. Stable water isotopes (δ2H and δ18O) highlighted the altitude of aquifers and waters origin of the bottled waters, which is linked to direct rainfall infiltration.
Reabilitação Feita com Próteses Parciais Removíveis - Relato de Caso Clínico
Authors: Hermanson Stefani Duque , Inocencio Athaluama Pires da Silva , Mello Carla Minozzo , Barbosa Oswaldo  Luiz Cecilio , Rodrigues Carlos Roberto Teixeira 
Published: July 2021

A procura por tratamento dentário estético vem aumentando consideravelmente no decorrer dos anos, ao qual muitos pacientes optam pela utilização de Próteses Parciais Removíveis. O objetivo deste artigo foi relatar, através de uma revisão de literatura e descrição de um caso clínico de reabilitação estética feita com próteses parciais removíveis com finalidade estética e funcional. Conclui-se que a reabilitação através de próteses parciais removíveis é uma excelente opção para tratamentos funcionais e estéticos e em alguns casos, para se manter a harmonia do sorriso, são necessários outros procedimentos estéticos como a restauração com resina composta.
Palavras-chave: Reabilitação; Prótese Parcial Removível; Estética.
Correlates of Infant Feeding Practices Among HIV-positive Mothers and Controls in Northeast Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Mohammed A. , Iliyasu Zubairu , Adamu Aishatu L. , Abubakar Isa S. , Salihu Hamisu M. , Aliyu Muktar H. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Despite the global decline in pediatric HIV infections, infants in sub-Saharan
Africa still acquire HIV infection through inappropriate feeding.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to compare knowledge and predictors of infant feeding
behavior between mothers living with HIV and controls of unknown HIV status in Gombe, northeast
Nigeria.

Methods:
A cross-section of clinic-based samples of 84 HIV-positive mothers and 170 controls of
unknown status were interviewed using validated questionnaires. Knowledge scores and self-reported
infant feeding practices were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed
to determine predictors for infant feeding practices.

Results:
Transmission risk perception (95.2% vs. 65.3%) (p<0.05) and adequate knowledge of infant
feeding (77.4% vs. 51.2%) (p<0.05) were higher among HIV-positive mothers than controls.
Compared with mothers of unknown status (56.5%), a higher proportion of HIV-positive mothers
(84.5%) reported breastfeeding the index infant exclusively for 6 months (p<0.05). In contrast,
mixed feeding was more prevalent among controls (19.4% vs. 4.8%) (p<0.05). Further, over a third
(39.3%) of HIV-positive mothers and 27.6% of controls weaned their infants at ≥12 months
(p>0.05). Antenatal attendance, hospital delivery, knowledge, and positive attitude predicted infant
feeding practices in both groups. The predictive roles of education and parity were limited to HIVpositive
mothers, while the effects of maternal age and infant death were restricted to controls.

Conclusion:
Risk perception, knowledge, and exclusive breastfeeding rates were higher among
mothers living with HIV. Antenatal care, hospital delivery, knowledge, and attitude predicted infant
feeding practices in both groups. Girl child education, antenatal care, hospital delivery, and sustained
promotion of exclusive breastfeeding with antiretroviral therapy are key to HIV-free infant
survival.
Pseudo-ginsenoside Rh2 Induces Protective Autophagy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells
Authors: Zhang Fuyuan , Xu Huali , Xia Rui , Yu Ping , Li Yuangeng , Yu Xiaofeng , Sui Dayun 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Pseudo-ginsenoside-Rh2 (pseudo-G-Rh2), a novel derivative of ginsenoside
Rh2, is reported to exert a pro-apoptotic effect on various malignancies. However, whether
this anti-cancer action of pseudo-G-Rh2 involves autophagy remains to be determined and explored.

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to investigate the pseudo-G-Rh2-induced apoptosis and
autophagy and the underlying mechanism.

Methods:
In the present study, the MTT assay was used for evaluating cell viability, and the lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH) assay was performed to assess cell toxicity. Autophagy evaluation was performed
using monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and transmission electron microscopy
(TEM). The levels of autophagy-associated and apoptosis-associated proteins were determined using
Western blotting. The Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) assay was used to assess apoptosis.

Results:
The Annexin V-FITC/PI assay revealed that the percentage of apoptotic cells in HepG2
cells at concentrations 0, 20, 40, and 60 μM was 3.75%±1.37%, 5.70%±1.04%, 12.30%±2.10%,
and 34.26%±4.73%, respectively. Pseudo-G-Rh2 was observed to significantly increase the expressions
of BAX, cleaved-caspase-3, and cleaved-caspase-9, while it decreased the Bcl-2 expression.
MDC and TEM analysis revealed that pseudo-G-Rh2 at concentrations 20, 40, and 60 μM significantly
facilitated the accumulation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes within the HepG2 cells.
Moreover, pseudo-G-Rh2 significantly increased the expressions of LC3 II/LC3 I and Beclin-1 and
decreased the expression of p62. The Annexin V-FITC/PI assay also revealed that in comparison to
the pseudo-G-Rh2 group, the concurrent treatment with pseudo-G-Rh2 and an autophagy inhibitor
(CQ or 3-MA) significantly induced distinct apoptosis. In addition, pseudo-G-Rh2 activated
AMPK and inhibited the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in a concentration-dependent manner. Pseudo-
G-Rh2 is similar to the current patents, which enhanced its anti-cancer activity by combining
with autophagy inhibitors.

Conclusion:
Pseudo-G-Rh2 could induce protective autophagy in HepG2 cells, at least in part, via
AMPK and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.