bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silicon-based natural zeolites in feeding store pigs
Authors: Yu Lavrentev A , Evdokimov N V , Larionov G A , Yu Nemtseva E , Mikhaylova L R , Zhestyanova L V , Sherne V S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To realize the genetic potential of pig productivity and balance diets, it is perhaps to use various additives, including silicon-containing zeolite trepel. The novelty of the work - the use of zeolite in feeding as a preventive and therapeutic additive allows you to increase productivity and reduce the cost of feed and feed costs compared to similar additives. For the experiment, 4 recipes of mixed feeds were developed: one without the content of zeolite trepel and 3 with 3, 4, 5% of this additive. It is proved that the best dose of this drug is 3% of the mass of feed. It was found that the body weight gain in II group increased by 13.5%, in III group by 7.2%, and in IV group decreased by 4.41% compared to the control group. The addition of silicon-containing zeolite in the II and III experimental groups did not affect the consumption of mixed feed, and in the IV experimental group, a decrease in the consumption of mixed feed was observed. Feed consumption in the I, III and IV experimental groups decreased by 12.1%, 6.7% and 0.3%.
Feeding stimulates functional abilities of queen bees of the Carpathian subspecies
Authors: Ulugov O P , Sharipov A , Sattarov V N , Semenov V G , Skvortsov A I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The researches were conductedon queen bees of the Carpathian subspecies in conditions of Tajikistan. Four groups of similar families were formed, 10 in each group. In the control group, sugar syrup (1:2) was given as a stimulating feeding, in small portions of 700 ml. Bees of the first experimental group were fed with the sugar syrup, with the addition of drone larvas’ homogenate. The second group was fed with the sugar syrup with addition of a feed mixture “Similak”, the third group - sugar syrup with the addition of a compositional form consisting of a feed mixture “Similak” and the drone larvas’ homogenate. In the experimental groups, in contrast to the control group, an increase in the egg production of queen bees and the brood breeding reflex by 1.3-1.44 times was found.In general, it has been established that to stimulate the physiological processes in bee’ organism, growth and development of colonies in spring, it is necessary to use stimulating feeding by sugar syrup in combination with drone larvas’ homogenate and feed mixture “Similak” 700 ml each.
Effect of hop growing technology on the accounting system in the agricultural entity
Authors: Malinina L Y , Ivanov E A , Khristolyubov S N , Pushkarenko N N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With the beginning of market relations, Russian hop-growing practically ceased to function due to the lack of purchases from the side of brewing companies. But the government policy of import substitution, pursued in recent years, has given a certain impetus to the revival of this industry. The purpose of this study is to describe the agrobiological and technological features of hop growing and their impact on the accounting process in an agricultural organization. To reveal the main scientific provisions, such general scientific techniques and methods were used as observation, comparison, analysis and synthesis, operation research, etc. Hops as a perennial crop require large capital and current expenditures. When carrying out agrotechnical measures related to the cultivation of hops, it becomes necessary to group costs in a certain system. The study shows that in the international and Russian scientific community, the issue of cost formation and accounting is considered within the framework of crop production in general. The article reveals the main stages of the formation of costs in hop-growing with an indication of accounting objects. Separately, innovations in the regulatory framework for accounting for non-current assets in connection with the reform of the national accounting system are touched upon.
Concepts and contentions of coral snake resemblance: Batesian mimicry and its alternatives
Authors: Sena Anthony Thomas , Ruane Sara 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Venomous coral snakes and non-venomous coral snake lookalikes are often regarded as a classic example of Batesian mimicry, whereby a harmless or palatable organism imitates a harmful or less palatable organism. However, the validity of this claim is questionable. The existing literature regarding coral snake mimicry presents a divisive stance on whether Batesian mimicry is occurring or whether the similarity between snakes is attributable to alternative factors. Here, we compile available literature on coral snake mimicry and assess the support for Batesian mimicry. We find that most of the recent relevant literature (after approximately 2000) supports the Batesian mimicry hypothesis. However, this is not strongly supported by empirical evidence. Potential considerations addressed here for both the Batesian and alternative hypotheses include the function of the colour pattern, predatory learning and the biogeographical distribution of similar snakes. The analyses performed previously by mimicry researchers show that the interpretation of the conditions for mimicry is not consistent throughout the scientific community when applied to coral snake systems. This review focuses on this division and stresses the need to reach an agreement about the adaptive significance of New World coral snakes and their lookalikes.
Foreign Relations Law on Treaty Matters from Restatement (Third) to Restatement (Fourth): More a Filter Than a Bridge
Authors: Miron Alina , Palchetti Paolo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The remarks contained in this article are a candid reading of Part III of the Restatement of the Law (Fourth): Foreign Relations Law of the United States (‘Treaties as Law of the United States’) through the lens of international lawyers who wonder about the role of international law in the US legal system. They turn essentially on the promise and peril of domesticating international law: Does foreign relations law as determined by Part III the Restatement (Fourth) promote compliance with international treaty law or does it rather emphasize constitutional law concerns that may limit its domestic application? To what extent do domestic judicial authorities give effect to treaties at the domestic level? Is the question of the self-executing character of a treaty provision exclusively a matter of domestic law or does it depend also on treaty interpretation? Our conclusion is that, on treaties, the Restatement (Fourth) marks a retreat in the engagement with international law from the Restatement (Third).
A systematic review and meta-analysis of beta-blockers and renin–angiotensin system inhibitors for preventing left ventricular dysfunction due to anthracyclines or trastuzumab in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Lewinter Christian , Nielsen Torsten Holm , Edfors Lars Robert , Linde Cecilia , Bland John Martin , LeWinter  M , Cleland John G F , Køber Lars , Braunschweig Frieder , Mansson-Broberg Agneta 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aims
Trastuzumab and anthracyclines, often used in the treatment of breast cancer, may impair myocardial function, and reduce left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), potentially causing heart failure. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have evaluated the effects of beta-blockers (BBs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) on trastuzumab- and anthracycline-associated cardiotoxicity. We report a meta-analysis of these RCTs in patients with breast cancer.

Methods and results
The primary analysis was on the effect of BBs and ACEI/ARBs on LVEF in patients treated with either trastuzumab or anthracyclines. A secondary analysis was done investigating the effect of BBs or ACEI/ARBs on LVEF in trastuzumab and anthracycline treatments. Only RCTs were included using the search term ‘ARBs, ACEIs, BBs, anthracyclines, trastuzumab, and breast cancer’ in PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL up to 31 March 2021. A meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the mean difference (MD) in LVEF between intervention and placebo groups at follow-up. A total of nine RCTs (n = 1362) were included in the analysis. All patients were women. BBs and ACEI/ARBs were shown to attenuate the decline in LVEF during trastuzumab and anthracycline treatments [MD: 2.4; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.3–4.2 and MD: 1.5; 95% CI: –0.6 to 3.7]. Compared with placebo, LVEF was significantly higher in patients assigned to BB or ACEI/ARB on trastuzumab (MD: 2.3; 95% CI: 0.0–4.6) but not on anthracyclines (MD: 1.9; 95% CI: –0.5 to 4.2).

Conclusion
Both BB and ACEI/ARB therapies were associated with the preservation of LVEF during trastuzumab and anthracycline-containing regimens as compared with placebo, suggesting both to be beneficial.
606 Predictive value of left atrial and left ventricular strain for the detection of atrial fibrillation in patients with cryptogenic stroke
Authors: Bufano Gabriella , Radico Francesco , D’Angelo Carolina Maria , Pierfelice Francesca , Vittoria De Angelis Maria , Faustino Massimiliano , Pierdomenico Sante Donato , Gallina Sabina , Renda Giulia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aims
Cryptogenic stroke (CS) is associated with high rate of recurrences and adverse outcomes at long-term follow-up, especially in light of its unknown etiology that often leads to ineffective secondary prevention. In such scenario, asymptomatic misdiagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) episodes could play an important pathophysiological role. Some studies have pointed left atrial (LA) and left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic dysfunction as surrogate markers of AF. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between echocardiographic parameters of LA and LV function, and the occurrence of AF revealed by continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring in a cohort of CS patients.

Methods and results
This is a single-centre prospective cohort study. Seventy-two CS patients with continuous ECG monitoring with insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). TTE was focused on LA and LV function, including both standard and longitudinal strain-derived parameters. All detected AF episodes lasting more than 2 min were considered. Patients with and without AF were homogeneous in all baseline characteristics, except for CHA2DS2-VASc score, which was significantly higher in AF group, and prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia, that was significantly higher in no-AF group. ICM revealed AF in 23 patients (32%), on average 196 days after ICM implantation. Among echocardiographic parameters, LV ejection fraction (LVEF, P = 0.007), LA end systolic area (LAES area, P = 0.006), LA volume index (LAVI, P = 0.008), total LA emptying fraction (LATEF, P = 0.013), E velocity (P = 0.042), pulmonary veins AR duration (P = 0.01), septal and median TDI E/e′ (respectively, P = 0.045 and P = 0.039), peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) in 4-chamber and in 2-chamber view (respectively, P &lt; 0.001 and P = 0.011), peak atrial contraction strain (PACS, P &lt; 0.001), LA conduit strain (P = 0.005), and LV longitudinal strain (LVLS, P = 0.001) were significantly associated to the occurrence of AF, suggesting worst atrial function in AF group. Furthermore, multivariable regression analysis revealed that PACS and LV strain were the only echocardiographic parameters independently associated with AF [confidence interval (CI) 95%: 0.48–0.90, P = 0.005 and CI 95%: 0.46–0.95, P = 0.041 respectively].

Conclusions
In a cohort of CS patients, continuous ECG monitoring with ICM revealed subclinical AF episodes in about one-third of patients. In such population, LA and LV strain analysis add predictive value for occurrence of AF over clinical and morpho-functional echocardiographic parameters. Impaired booster pump strain and LVLS strain are strong and independent predictors of AF.
754 Non-conducted premature atrial complexes: a new predictor for atrial fibrillation in cryptogenic stroke patients
Authors: Vetta Giampaolo , Parlavecchio Antonio , Caminiti Rodolfo , Magnocavallo Michele , Lavalle Carlo , Della Rocca Domenico G , Marano Giovanni , Ruggieri Chiara , Crea Pasquale , Dattilo Giuseppe , Ferrau Ludovica , Musolino Rosa , Zito Concetta , Luzza Francesco , Micari Antonio , Carerj Scipione , Di Bella Gianluca 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aims
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the main cardiac cause of stroke, but it frequently remains undetected. In these patient monitoring for AF is recommended using a Holter electrocardiogram (ECG). The aim of the present study is to study non-conducted atrial complexes (ncPAC) recorded on Holter ECG as a new predictor of AF.

Methods and results
Patients admitted to the Stroke Unit of our hospital for cryptogenic stroke from December 2018 to January 2020 who underwent 24-h electrocardiographic monitoring were prospectively enrolled in the study and were subsequently submitted to 3-month and 6-month follow-up to investigate the occurrence of AF. The study recruited 112 patients. At follow-up visit, AF was diagnosed in 21.4% of the population. The only statistically significant difference between the group with and without a AF diagnosis was the presence of ncPAC (83.3% vs. 16.7%; P &lt; 0.0001). ROC analysis was performed and showed that ncPAC had the best diagnostic accuracy in the AF diagnosis [AUC: 0.798; confidence interval (CI): 0.675–0.921]. The AUC of ncPAC was significantly better than the AUC of premature atrial complexes (PACs) (P &lt; 0.05), CHA2DS2-VASc, HATCH, HAVOC, and C2HEST scores (P &lt; 0.01). Kaplan–Meier curve survival estimate for AF onset by the presence of ncPAC revealed that there was a significant difference in the AF onset between patients with ncPAC and those without (P &lt; 0.0001) and multivariate Cox-proportional hazard analysis revealed that ncPAC presence was an independent predictors of AF onset [hazards ratio (HR): 9.28; CI 95%: 2,66–32,40; P = 0.0001].

Conclusions
The presence of ncPAC represents a new predictor of AF that could further guide the investigation of AF in patients with cryptogenic stroke.
703 Koch’s triangle voltage mapping for cryoablation of slow pathway in children: preliminary data of a novel high density technique
Authors: Cazzoli Ilaria , Tamborrino Pietro Paolo , Porco Luigina , Campisi Marta , Fanti Veronica , Annibali Roberta , Silvetti Massimo Stefano , Drago Fabrizio 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aims
Different authors have described three-dimensional (3D) voltage mapping of the Koch’s triangle (KT) in order to find low-voltage bridges (LVBs) as targets for a successful transcatheter ablation (TCA) of the slow pathway (SP) in children. Recently, the advisor high density (HD) Grid™ mapping catheter was introduced as new multipolar catheter for HD mapping. The aim of the study was to describe our preliminary experience with the use of HD Grid™ catheter in LVB and electrophysiologically guided cryoablation of SP in children.

Methods and results
Twenty-one children (mean age 13 ± 3 years) with atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) underwent cryoablation of SP guided by voltage HD mapping of the KT using HD Grid™ catheter. In order to better highlight the differences with conventional mapping, point collection was performed in each patient with this new multipolar catheter and with a quadripolar catheter. The conventional mapping collected 871 ± 262 points and used 211 ± 80 points in 887 ± 275 s, whereas HD mapping collected 7468 ± 2947 points, using 604 ± 165 points in 513 ± 181 s (P &lt; 0.001). Moreover, the LVB area mapped with HD Grid™ was about one-half smaller and clearly delineated. Cryoablation acute success rate was 100%. Overall median fluoroscopy exposure was 0.08 (0.01–5.42) µGy/m2, with a median fluoroscopy time of 0.1 (0.0–0.6) min. During the follow-up (4.8 ± 3.7 months), there were no recurrences. No complications occurred.

Conclusions
Our preliminary experience shows that HD mapping is faster and offers higher spatial resolution and definition. Procedural time can be reduced maintaining the TCA safe, with reduced fluoroscopy use, and successful.
512 Long-term survival in patients with post-operative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: analysis from a prospective-cohort study
Authors: Marazzato Jacopo , De Ponti Roberto , Verdecchia Paolo , Blasi Federico , Golino Michele , Ferrarese Sandro , Angeli Fabio 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aims
Post-operative atrial fibrillation (POP AF) is frequent in patients who undergo cardiac surgery. However, its prognostic impact in the long-term remains unclear.

Methods and results
We followed for an average of 10 ± 3 years 1386 patients who underwent a variety of cardiac surgical procedures (cardiac transplantation and surgery for heart failure included) while they were in sinus rhythm. Among 1178 patents without a history of AF, 726 (62%) did not develop AF during the entire duration of the study and 452 (38%) developed new-onset POP AF during the first 30 peri-operative days after heart surgery. Other 125 patients with a positive history of paroxysmal or persistent AF were in sinus rhythm at the time of surgery and 87 of them (70%) developed POP AF. Finally, 83 patients had permanent AF when they underwent surgery. All-cause mortality was the primary outcome of the study. We tested the associations of potential determinants with all-cause mortality using univariable and multivariable statistical analyses by means of Cox proportional hazard models. Overall, 473 patients (34%) died during a long-term follow-up. Compared with patients who never developed AF, neither the patients with new-onset POP AF [adjusted HR = 1.31 (95% CI: 0.90–1.89); P = 0.1609], nor those with history of AF at the time of surgery (adjusted HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.71–2.49; P = 0.3736) showed a significantly increased risk of mortality (Figure 1). In new-onset POP AF patients, oral anticoagulation was not associated with mortality [adjusted HR = 1.13 (95% CI: 0.83–1.54), P = 0.4299].

Conclusions
In this huge prospective cohort of patients who underwent different types of heart surgery, POP AF was not associated with an increased risk of mortality. In this setting, the role of long-term anticoagulation remains unclear.
204 Permanent his bundle pacing using stylet-driven lead in patients with right atriomegaly: a single-centre experience
Authors: Marinaccio Leonardo , Vetta Francesco , Rocchetto Eros , Napoli Paola , Marchese Domenico 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aims
His bundle pacing (HBP) is becoming an increasing widespread approach for physiological pacing. However, successful HBP procedure could be hampered by limited implantation tools especially in challenging anatomies. We aimed to report our experience with HBP technique using a novel stylet-driven lead system in patients with right atriomegaly.

Methods and results
Consecutive patients with right atrium (RA) volume &gt;25 ml/m2 in men and &gt;21 ml/m2 in women who underwent permanent HBP for standard indications were enrolled from March 2020 to March 2021. The tool of first choice for HBP attempt was a stylet-driven lead (Solia S 60, Biotronik) delivered via a dedicated introducer sheath (Selectra 3D, Biotronik). The acute, 1-month and 6-month procedural success rates were assessed. We enrolled 24 patients [median age: 75 (70–79) years, 85% men] with an average RA volume of 50.7 ± 7.8 ml/m2. At implant, conduction system pacing using stylet-driven lead was achieved in 21 patients (87%): 12 (50%) selective HBP, 6 (25%) non-selective HBP, and 3 (12.5%) left bundle branch area pacing. In the three failures, HBP was further attempted with a lumen-less lead with fixed helix (SelectSecure 3830, Medtronic) with final procedural success in two cases. In the successful cases, there was a significant reduction of QRS duration between paced and spontaneous beats [152.5 (130–167.5) ms vs. 130 (122.5–137.5) ms, P = 0.003]. No lead dislodgment nor significant pacing threshold increase was observed at 1-month (1.30 ± 0.76 V@0.4 vs. 1.32 ± 0.80 V@0.4 ms, P &gt; 0.9) and 6-month follow-up (1.30 ± 0.76 V@0.4 vs. 1.38 ± 0.97 V@0.4 ms, P = 0.66).

Conclusions
In patients with right atriomegaly, the novel stylet-driven lead system showed high implant success rates with stable pacing thresholds.
460 Assessment of long-term arrhytmic sequelae in patients recovering from COVID-19 infection
Authors: Curnis Antonio , Arabia Gianmarco , Salghetti Francesca , Cerini Manuel , Milidoni Antonino , Calvi Emiliano , Beretta Daniele , Bisegna Stefano , Ahmed Ashraf , Mitacchione Gianfranco , Bontempi Luca 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aims
COVID-19 has been associated with acute cardiac complications including cardiac arrhythmias. We aimed to assess the prevalence of long-term cardiac arrhythmias in patients recovering from severe COVID-19 infection with proved or suspected of cardiac involvement.

Methods and results
All patients with COVID-19 infection discharged from the cardiology department of our institution from the 1 March to the 30 April 2020 were considered eligible for this study. Patients were fitted out with an adhesive patch and a wireless single-lead 24-h electrocardiogram (ECG) Holter monitor (Rooti Rx® System, Rooti Labs Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan). RootiRx® is a small device consisting of an integrated sensor system, a microelectronic board with memory storage, and an internal rechargeable battery. This system can provide continuous ECG and was set to monitor heart rhythm for 24 h. The Holter system provides also blood pressure measurements and sleep apnea data which are evaluated through chest wall motion/cyclic variation of heart rate and reported along with the sleep efficiency (percentage of time spent asleep while in bed). Arrhythmic findings, sleep apnea detections, and residual COVID-19 symptoms were reported. The study follow-up was performed 174 (range = 166–190) days after hospital discharge in a cohort of 63 (76% males, median age 66 years) patients. New diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF) was performed in three sinus rhythm patients (4.8%). Eleven (18%) patients had asymptomatic bradycardia (&lt;45 b.p.m.) with no pauses lasting more than 3 s. Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (&lt;30 s) episodes were recorded in two (3.2%) patients, while no sustained ventricular arrhythmia was documented. The Holter system indicated the presence of moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea episodes in 33 (53%) patients without known history of sleep disorders. Some previously unrecognized long-lasting COVID-19 symptoms were also described: fatigue (10, 16%), myalgia (3, 4.8%), and impaired attention (1, 1.6%).

Conclusions
Six months after the infection, we performed new diagnoses of AF in patients who recovered from severe COVID-19 infection with proved or suspected cardiac involvement using 24-h Holter monitoring. No other arrhythmias were observed, but the Holter system identified obstructive sleep apnea episodes in half of the patients. A relevant percentage of patients also described persisting symptoms of COVID-19 infection. These findings suggest further prospective studies to better describe long-term arrhythmic manifestations and residual symptoms in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection.