bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SUBSTANTIVE ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES IN SHARIA COMPLIANTS AS AGREED-UPON PROCEDURES SERVICE IN ITALIAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Authors: De Nichilo Stefano 
Published: January 2021

Islamic finance is a complex of banking, financial and insurance activities carried out in accordance with the dictates of Islamic law (shari'a) and which can be framed in the broader genus of ethical or sustainable finance.
Since its inception, but especially in the last thirty years, it has experienced constant and surprisingly rapid growth. However, the rise of Islamic finance has remained confined to some specific geographic realities, failing, at least for the moment, to establish solid roots in the European, Australian or American markets.
Although Islamic finance began to appear on the European scene as early as the early 2000s, the response of the states was, in general and with some relevant exceptions, rather disappointing.
In Italy, for example, the spread of this phenomenon is hindered by the absence of regulatory frameworks, by a distorted narrative and communication as well as by technical and cultural barriers.
This work aims to be a reflection on various aspects - historical, social and economic - of Islamic finance of which our country, by virtue of its geopolitical position and its historical traditions, should become more aware. [1]
Utility of a pediatric fast magnetic resonance imaging protocol as surveillance scanning for traumatic brain injury
Authors: Shope Chelsea , Alshareef Mohammed , Larrew Thomas , Bolling Christopher , Reagan Justin , Yazdani Milad , Spampinato Maria , Eskandari Ramin 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a prevalent pediatric pathology in the modern emergency department. Computed tomography (CT) is utilized for detection of TBI and can result in cumulatively high radiation exposure. Recently, a fast brain magnetic resonance imaging (fbMRI) protocol has been employed for rapid imaging of hydrocephalus in pediatric patients. The authors investigate the utility of a modified trauma-focused fbMRI (t-fbMRI) protocol as an alternative to surveillance CT in the setting of acute TBI in pediatric patients, thus reducing radiation exposure while improving diagnostic yield.

METHODS
A retrospective review was performed at the authors’ institution for all pediatric patients who had undergone t-fbMRI within 72 hours of an initial CT scan, using a 1.5- or 3-T MR scanner for trauma indications. Forty patients met the study inclusion criteria. The authors performed a comparison of findings on the reads of CT and fbMRI, and a board-certified neuroradiologist conducted an independent review of both modalities.

RESULTS
T-fbMRI outperformed CT in specificity, sensitivity, and negative predictive value for all injury pathologies measured, except for skull fractures. T-fbMRI demonstrated a sensitivity of 100% in the detection of extraaxial bleed, intraventricular hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage and had a sensitivity of 78% or greater for epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, and intraparenchymal hemorrhage. T-fbMRI yielded a specificity of 100% for all types of intracranial hemorrhages, with a corresponding negative predictive value that exceeded that for CT.

CONCLUSIONS
In pediatric populations, the t-fbMRI protocol provides a valid alternative to CT in the surveillance of TBI and intracranial hemorrhage. Although not as sensitive in the detection of isolated skull fractures, t-fbMRI can be used to monitor pathologies implicated in TBI patients while minimizing radiation exposure from traditional surveillance imaging.
Simultaneous translation on two rods improves the correction and apex translocation in adolescent patients with hypokyphotic scoliosis
Authors: Sakai Daisuke , Schol Jordy , Hiyama Akihiko , Katoh Hiroyuki , Tanaka Masahiro , Sato Masato , Watanabe Masahiko 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE
The objectives of this study were to apply the simultaneous translation on two rods (ST2R) maneuver involving rods contoured with a convexity at the desired thoracic kyphosis (TK) apex level and to assess the effects on the ability to support triplanar deformity corrections, including TK apex improvement, in patients with hypokyphotic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

METHODS
Using retrospective analysis, the authors examined the digital records that included 2- to 4-week, 1-year, and 2-year postoperative radiographic follow-up data of female hypokyphotic (TK < 20°) AIS patients (Lenke type 1–3) treated with ST2R. The authors assessed the corrections of triplanar deformities by examining the main Cobb angle, TK, rib hump, apical vertebral rotation, Scoliosis Research Society 22-item questionnaire scores, and TK apex translocation. In order to better grasp the potential of ST2R, the outcomes were compared with those of a historical matched case-control cohort treated with a standard rod rotation (RR) maneuver.

RESULTS
Data were analyzed for 25 AIS patients treated with ST2R and 27 patients treated with RR. The ST2R group had significant improvements in the main Cobb angle and TK, reduction in the rib hump size at each time point, and a final correction rate of 72%. ST2R treatment significantly increased the kyphosis apex by an average of 2.2 levels. The correction rate was higher at each time point in the ST2R group than in the RR group. ST2R engendered favorable TK corrections, although the differences were nonsignificant, at 2 years compared with the RR group (p = 0.056). The TK apex location was significantly improved in the ST2R cohort (p < 0.001). At the 1-month follow-up, hypokyphosis was resolved in 92% of the ST2R cohort compared with 30% of the RR cohort.

CONCLUSIONS
Resolving hypokyphotic AIS remains challenging. The ST2R technique supported significant triplanar corrections, including TK apex translocation and restoration of hypokyphosis in most patients. Comparisons with the RR cohort require caution because of differences in the implant profile. However, ST2R significantly improved the coronal and sagittal corrections. It also allowed for distribution of correctional forces over two rod implants instead of one, which should decrease the risk of screw pullout and rod flattening. It is hoped that the description here of commercially available reducers used with the authors’ surgical technique will encourage other clinicians to consider using the ST2R technique.
Reintervention rate of arachnolysis versus shunting for nonforaminal syringomyelia
Authors: Guillaumet Gonzague , Aghakhani Nozar , Morar Silvia , Copaciu Razvan , Parker Fabrice , Knafo Steven 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE
Surgical treatment for nonforaminal syringomyelia related to spinal arachnoiditis is still controversial. The authors sought to assess respective outcomes and rates of reintervention for shunting and spinal cord untethering (arachnolysis) in spinal arachnoiditis with syringomyelia.

METHODS
This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single reference center for syringomyelia. Patients undergoing arachnolysis and/or shunting interventions for nonforaminal syringomyelia were screened.

RESULTS
The study included 75 patients undergoing 130 interventions. Arachnolysis without shunting was performed in 48 patients, while 27 patients underwent shunting. The mean follow-up between the first surgery and the last outpatient visit was 65.0 months (range 12–379 months, median 53 months). At the last follow-up, the modified McCormick score was improved or stabilized in 83.4% of patients after arachnolysis versus 66.7% after shunting. Thirty-one (41.3%) patients underwent reintervention during follow-up, with a mean delay of 33.2 months. The rate of reintervention was 29.2% in the arachnolysis group versus 63.0% in the shunting group (chi-square = 8.1, p = 0.007). However, this difference was largely driven by the extension of the arachnoiditis: in patients with focal arachnoiditis (≤ 2 spinal segments), the reintervention rate was 21.6% for arachnolysis versus 57.1% for shunting; in patients with extensive arachnoiditis, it was 54.5% versus 65.0%, respectively. Survival analysis assessing the time to the first reintervention demonstrated a better outcome in both the arachnolysis (p = 0.03) and the focal arachnoiditis (p = 0.04) groups.

CONCLUSIONS
Arachnolysis led to fewer reinterventions than shunting in patients with nonforaminal syringomyelia. There was a high risk of reintervention for patients with extensive arachnopathies, irrespective of the surgical technique.
DERADICALIZING RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM LINGUISTICALLY: AN INTERTEXTUAL APPROACH TO ISLAMIC EXTREMISTS’ VIEW ON THE QUR’ANIC INTERPRETATION
Authors: Ninsiana Widhiya 
Published: February 2021

This article is a qualitative-descriptive study which employs which concern the existing phenomenon underlying in the translation of Qur'anic verses that are generally interpreted as a means for legitimizing the acts of terrorism by radical Islamists. The integration on the linguistic knowledge of Islamic texts has been studied as a process of incorporating new information into the existing knowledge with an interdisciplinary approach. The importance of language in the multitude of learning and the discipline of science has led to its status as a condition for correct understanding of the Qur'anic messages. This study used Fairclough’s intertextual approach on the potentially abused Qur’anic verses for violence acts in the name of Islam by extremist groups such ISIS. Two patterns of understanding Islamic texts become the spectrum of how the teachings of Islam are fairly understood. Linguistic provides general criticism toward the radicals’ interpretations in understanding the Islamic sources (primarily the Qur’anic verses). Then the study ends up with an argument that the radicalism in many groups in Islam is connected with the reality of Islamic sources which essentially needs to be interpreted in the context of Islamic societies and requires dynamic reading and prospective production on the meanings of a sacred text.
Keywords: intertextuality, language, and radicalism
DAKWAH COMMUNICATION STRATEGY IN EMPOWERING THE LABOR COMMUNITY IN PANJANG DISTRICT BANDAR LAMPUNG CITY TO IMPROVE THEIR RELIGIOUS PRACTICE
Authors: Aliyandi Aliyandi 
Published: February 2021

This research is to explain about the role of Dakwah communication strategy in the empowerment of the labor community in Panjang Sub-District, Bandar Lampung in improving the practice of the implementation of sharia. This is descriptive qualitative research, where the data were collected throuh interviews, observation, and documentation. The data were then analyzed qualitatively using inductive thinking approach. The result of this research shows that the communication strategy used by the preacher in Panjang Sub-district was by giving motivation through the message of dawah conveyed to the community, Providing religious guidance, including religious activities such as five-time prayer, memorizing prayers, taking care of the corps and protecting the environment, establishing good relations with the community, either through regular recitation at the ta’lim assembly or taking the advantage of Arisan for savings and loan activities, interacting and seeing firsthand situation and conditions that exist in the community, then cooperate with the government by providing assistance in the form of funds and food. The most inhibiting factor is mad’u, especially in terms of understanding the message (somatic), closed to change (self-image), and motivation, marked by the passiveness communicant in receiving da’wah from the preacher because the preacher can not fully know the limits of somatic knowledge from the community.
Advanced Trauma Life Support training. How useful it is?
Authors: Dogjani Agron , Gjata Arben , Haxhirexha Kastriot , Shandro Sindi , Laqja Seimir 
Published: January 2021

For more than 20 years, following the changes that took place in Albania in 1992, we receive information from trauma patients in the media about the delivery of trauma services. Police records are worthy of a war balance report. Trauma is estimated to be the cause of deaths in 13.7% / 100,000 people. Every two days three Albanian Citizens die because of Automobile Accidents…
Changes have already taken place, but the question arises, who cares about the trauma and its management?
Formerly and now the state ... ok ... but? Is this enough?
The Ministry of Health should have a “Trauma Committee” if yes… is it active?
Already of the three years at the heart of these medical emergency management networks is a National Center of Medical Emergency (NCME).
The trauma service delivery is now evolving along the lines of a central and spoken model with a concentration of expertise and specialization in the center surrounded by smaller units that feed on the center.
The study showed a 19% increase in the chances of survival since the introduction of these changes. Another 1,600 trauma victims are alive today due to developments in the administration of trauma patients in England over the past six years.
In this system or mode of organizing what is today the NCME or organizing the transport of traumatized from the scene to the University Hospital of Trauma... by medical staff who have done a substantial part of the PhTLS® course ... How is the educational status of personal in other regions far from Capital? ATLS® student courses in our country have been implemented by few and individually… ASTES, by default rules, has acquired the right to organize ATLS® in Albania…
Salvage Total Hip Replacement after Failed Internal Fixation of Trochanteric Fracture Femur.
Authors: Ruci Vilson , Selmani Edvin , Dogjani Agron 
Published: January 2021

Background: Total hip replacement (THR) is one treatment option for failed hip fracture fixation. It is considered as a salvage procedure for older patients, patients with poor bone stock, avascular necrosis of the femoral head, associated with damaged acetabular articular cartilage.
Patients and Methods: Total hip replacement was done for forty patients with failed internal fixation of trochanteric femoral fractures, 28 males and 12 females completed the follow up and six patients were lost. The procedure was carried out through a lateral exposure in all cases. Harris hip score (HHS) was used for clinical evaluation preoperatively, postoperatively. Radiographic evaluation comprising anteroposterior radiographic views of the pelvis and femur and a lateral view of the femur were performed at follow-up visits.
Results: The mean time of follow up was 48 months (range from 36-72 months). The mean Harris hip score was improved from a mean of 24 points preoperative to 88 points at final follow up. Pain relief and gait correction were noted at the final follow up. Twenty-eight patients (70%) could freely walk outdoors using a cane or elbow crutch; eight patients (20 %) had a limited walking ability using two axillary crutches, and four patients (10 %) were able to walk indoors only.
Conclusion: Total hip arthroplasty is a good salvage procedure after failed internal fixation of trochanteric femoral fractures. Individual selection of the implant depends upon the age of patient, level of activity, the bone stock of proximal femur, and the condition of the acetabulum. To maintain stability, reattachment of the greater trochanter should be done. To avoid intraoperative fractures of osteoporotic bone, dislocation of the hip should be very careful.
An Overview of Treatment of Crush Syndrome.
Authors: Rroji Merita , Seferi Saimir , Barbullushi Myftar 
Published: January 2021

Natural mass disasters directly or indirectly affect huge populations, who need basic infrastructural help and assistance to survive. However, despite the potentially negative impact on survival chances, the authorities often dismiss these health care issues.
This impact is of great importance, especially in the emerging world, where the casualty rates are much higher because of inappropriate building materials and lack of appropriate construction standards. Thus, massive destruction can occur with earthquakes of even moderately low magnitude.
The first description of the crush syndrome appeared in the modern medical literature after the Messina earthquake in 1909. Since crush syndrome is quite rare in daily practice, mistakes are frequent in treating these cases.
This review summarizes the etiopathogenesis of traumatic rhabdomyolysis and crush syndrome based acute kidney injury. The clinical and laboratory features, prophylaxis, and treatment of crush cases are described as well.
The importance of early and dynamic fluid resuscitation is indicated for the prophylaxis of acute kidney injury. Treatment of both acute and chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) is especially problematic after disasters because they almost always require complex technology and equipment, whereas specific drugs may be difficult to obtain to treat chronic kidney patients.
Although crush syndrome is a major cause of mortality in the rescued victims of massive earthquakes, the number of deaths due to crush syndrome (or fatalities of renal disaster) can be decreased by appropriate management.
plaints.
Efficacy and Safety of AZD1222, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Alimehmeti Ilir 
Published: January 2021

SARS-CoV-2, the beta coronavirus causing COVID-19, was isolated and categorizes as a novel one on January 7th, 2020 in China.[1] To date, official reports depict that SARS-CoV-2 has already infected 88.828.387 persons and caused 1.926.625 deaths worldwide.[2] On January 12th, 2020, China officials made public its genetic sequence, thus paving the way towards the research and development of diagnostic tests and vaccines.
With regard to vaccination, e large number of clinical trials were designed and are currently undergoing, of which 189 are listed in ClinicalTrials.gov. [3] However, up to date, only three vaccines have published their respective phase III clinical trial results in peer-reviewed medical journals. [4-6]
Vaccines are needed to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with Covid-19, and multiple vaccine platforms as AZD1222 (AstraZeneca) [4], BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) [5] and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) have been involved in the rapid development of vaccine candidates.
Methodology: In this review, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, medRxiv, and bioRxiv were systematically scrutinized for peer-reviewed and preprint articles on phase III clinical trials of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. In total, only three peer-reviewed papers fulfilling the search criteria were identified.
Conclusions; All vaccine candidates should publish in peer-reviewed journals their efficacy and safety well before requesting approval to the national or international authorities…
TO STUDY THE HEMOGLOBIN, SERUM FERRITIN, SERUM IRON, HEMATOCRIT VALUES AND PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEAR IN CHILDREN WITH FEBRILE SEIZURE.
Authors: Choudhary Deepak , Kulhari Sandeep 
Published: January 2021

Background: To study the hemoglobin, serum ferritin, serum iron, hematocrit values and peripheral blood smear in children with febrile seizure.
Methods: Hospital based Prospective, Analytical, Case – Control study conducted on 100 patients were enrolled in the study out of which 50 were cases which were febrile convulsion patients and 50 were control who were age and weight matched children.
Results: Mean hemoglobin level was 10.37±1.85 and 11.84±1.69 in study and control groups respectively and this difference was found statistically highly significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that low serum iron levels and the presence of anemia can serve as strengthening factors for the FSs in children. Therefore, ID can be added to the list of risk factors for febrile convulsions. Accordingly, children with FSs are suggested to be monitored for diagnosis and treatment of IDA.
Keywords: Hemoglobin, IDA, Epilepsy.
COMPARISON OF INTRATHECAL BUPRENORPHINE VERSUS CLONIDINE AS AN ADJUVANT TO 0.5% HYPERBARIC BUPIVACAINE IN LOWER ABDOMINAL SURGERIES
Authors: Kumar Jagdish , Seervi Satya Narayan 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Present study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of intrathecal clonidine or buprenorphine with bupivacaine in lower abdominal surgeries.
Methods:90 ASA I and II patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries were randomly allocated into three groups(n=30). Group A received 3ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with 1ml normal saline, GroupB received 3ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with 60 mcg buprenorphine(1:5 dilution) and Group C received 3ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with 30mcg clonidine(1:5 dilution) respectively (Total volume 4ml). Onset time and duration of sensory and motor block, duration of analgesia, hemodynamics, VAS score, sedation score and side effect were compared.
Results: The duration of analgesia was significantly longest in GroupC (354.50±38.48min), followed by Group B (277.10±25.47min) and Group A(131.50±20.15min) (p<0.001)
Conclusion: On comparing the two drugs, Clonidine appears to be superior in terms of postoperative analgesia.
Keywords: Clonidine, Buprenorphine, Intrathecal
Сукупність принципів формування системи моніторингу і попередження військ (сил) про надзвичайні ситуації на потенційно-небезпечних об’єктах
Authors: Koval Volodymyr , Levischenko Evgen 
Published: January 2021

У статті проаналізовано проблеми формування системи моніторингу і попередження військ (сил) про надзвичайні ситуації. Розкрито загальні принципи організації єдиної державної системи цивільного захисту, системи моніторингу та попередження про надзвичайні ситуації загальносистемних принципів побудови організаційно-технічних систем, аналізу відомих принципів військового управління, обґрунтуванню основних принципів розвитку систем управління.
PENGARUH FAKTOR PRODUKSI TAHU TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PADA USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UMKM) GUNUNG KIJANG DI LINGKUNGAN SARATA KELURAHAN PARUGA KOTA BIMA
Authors: Sandi Ahmad , Mandyara Dewi Ratna Muchlisa , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Pengaruh Faktor Produksi Tahu Terhadap Pendapatan Pada Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah (UMKM) Gunung Kijang di Lingkungan Sarata Kelurahan Paruga Kota Bima. Penelitian ini menggunakan penedekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskripstif. Jenis data penelitian terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Adapun yang menjadi sumber data penelitian adalah manajer sekaligus pemilik usaha mikro kecil dan menengah (UMKM) Kijang sebanyak 3 orang, yaitu 1 orang manajer dan 2 orang karyawan. Teknik pengempulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi teknik data Reduction (Reduksi Data), Data Display (penyajian data), dan Conclusion Drawing/verification (penarikan kesimpulan (Sugiyono, 2012: 246-252). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Faktor Produksi Alam, adalah tersedianya bahan baku kedelai sebagai bahan baku utama dalam proses pembuatan tahu. Apabila pada saat musim panen ketersediaan bahan baku kedelai dipasar mudah diperoleh. Namun, apabila musim panen telah berlalu maka ketersediaan bahan baku menjadi berkurang bahkan sangat sulit untuk diperoleh; (2) Faktor tenaga kerja, adalah ketersediaan tenaga kerja dalam proses produksi. Tanpa tenaga kerja maka proses produksi usaha tahu tidak akan berjalan dengan lancar bahkan tidak bisa; (3) Faktor Modal atau Kapital, adalah faktor terpenting dalam memulai usaha Tahu. Tanpa dukungan modal maka usaha Tahu tidak bisa berjalan dengan lancer; dan (4) Faktor keahlian, adalah faktor yang berpengaruh selanjutnya setelah faktor produksi alam, tenaga kerja dan modal. Tanpa adanya keahlian maka usaha tahu tidak bisa berjalan dengan sukses.