bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hormonal profile and haematological parameters of Wistar albino rats treated with methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Schleichera oleosa
Authors: Jose Sophy , Sinha M. P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The present study aims to study the Hormonal profile and haematological parameters of Wistar albino rats treated with methanolic and aqueous extracts of Schleichera oleosa.Result: The amount of RBC was found to be 9.6±0.057106/mm3, 9.7±0.0125, 106/ 9.5±0.003, 106/mm3 9.5±0.012 106/mm3 and 9.5±0.023 106/mm3. The amount of WBC was found to be 13.5±0.058 103/mm3,13.6±0.0113 103/mm3,13.7±0.021 103/mm3, 9.5±0.012 103/mm3 and 9.5±0.023 103/mm3. Platelets, 396±0.577 103/mm3, 395±0.03 103/mm3 , 397±0.042103/mm3 , 398±0.020103/mm3, and 397±0.011103/mm3 for controlled group, low dose of methanolic extract, high dose of methanolic extract, low dose of aqueous extract and high dose of aqueous extract respectively. The packed cell volume, haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and amount of neutrophils, Eosinophils, Lymphocytes, Basophils and Monocytes were measured and no significant change was noticed. The amount of testosterone showed significant increase from 0.75± 0.024 pg/ mL (control) 2.96± 0.088 pg/ mL, 3.9± 0.14pg / mL, 1.85± 0.076 pg/ mL and 2.85± 0.074 pg/ mL.Conclusions: The study suggests that the prolonged treatment of Wistar rats with both low dose and high dose of methanolic as well as the aqueous extract of Schleichera oleosa is not toxic and they increased the amount of testosterone in the blood which is indicative of their testosterone enhancement.
Autophagy-Mediated Clearance of free Genomic DNA in the Cytoplasm Protects the Growth and Survival of Cancer Cells
Authors: Yao Mengfei , Wu Yaqian , Cao Yanan , Liu Haijing , Ma Ningning , Chai Yijie , Zhang Shuang , Zhang Hong , Nong Lin , Liang Li , Zhang Bo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The cGAS (GMP-AMP synthase)-triggered senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in promotion of cancer progression has been extensively documented. However, the role of cGAS-mediated DNA autophagy is little evaluated in cancer cells.Methods: Immunofluorescence, senescence associated-β-galactosidase staining (SA-β-gal) and Western blot were performed to detect gene expression, distribution and phenotypes. PCR, IP-PCR, FISH, BrdU, Comet assay, coimmunoprecipitation, sucrose density gradient centrifugation were carried out to detect possible mechanisms. Trypan blue exclusion, Live/dead staining and MTS assay were to measure the cell viability. All analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism 8. Relationships were analyzed using t-tests. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. All statistical tests and P values were 2-sided, and the level of significance was set at <0.05 (*), <0.01 (**), <0.001 (***), or<0.0001 (****); ns indicates no significance.Results: Active DNA autophagy but not SASP activity could be detected in the BT-549 breast cancer cells with high micronucleus (MN). The selective autophagy of free genomic DNA in the cytoplasm is mediated by cGAS and usually coordinated with SQSTM1-mediated autophagy of ubiquitinated histones. Cytoplasmic DNA together with nuclear proteins derive from DNA replication-induced nuclear damage and MN collapse. The inhibition of DNA autophagy through either chemical inhibitors or genomic silencing of cGAS or SQSTM1 suppresses the growth and survival of cancer cells, while enhanced DNA damage increases the sensitivity to these inhibitors. Human cancer cells with either high DNA autophagy or enhancement of DNA damage are sensitive to inhibition of DNA autophagy.Conclusions: Our investigation revealed DNA autophagy in breast cancer cells with high MN formation. Autophagy of genomic DNA in the cytosol could be mediated by cGAS but is usually coordinated with other autophagic mediators. The selective autophagy mediated clearance of free genomic DNA protects of growth and survival cancer cells, and autophagic inhibition could be a potential therapeutic approach for cancer cells with high DNA autophagic activity.
Highly stable visible-light photocatalytic properties of black rutile TiO2 hydrogenated in ultrafast flow
Authors: Gao Junzheng , Zhang Jing , Huang Wanxia , Zheng Shuping , Shi Qiwu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The hydrogenation and introducing oxygen vacancies (VO) can lead to surface lattice-disorder in TiO2, which is a new form of TiO2 named black TiO2, with excellent visible-light photocatalytic activity, but this TiO2 is easy to failure because oxidation makes the concentration of surface VO decrease rapidly in a short time. In this work, black TiO2 nanoparticles with VO almost concentrated inside nanoparticles were fabricated under ultrafast hydrogen flow. These bulk VO shortened the bandgaps of black TiO2, enhanced its visible light absorption, and meanwhile provided extremely strong stability. A series of characterization methods confirmed the location of VO, and degradation experiments on Cr6+ or rhodamine B demonstrated the good visible-light photocatalytic performance of our material. After 18 months of natural aging treatment (in the air), our samples showed no discoloration and maintained 89.5% photocatalytic efficiency, and further study exhibited that this black TiO2 also contained excellent acid-resistance and moderate alkaline-resistance. This work could help design lattice-disorder to obtain more stable and practical black TiO2.
Identification and mapping of CpPM10.1, a major gene involved in powdery mildew (race 2 France of Podosphaera xanthi) resistance in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.)
Authors: Wang Yunli , Qi Cong , Luo Yusong , Zhang Feng , Dai Zuyun , Li Man , Qu Shuping 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM) is one of the most destructive fungal diseases, reducing the productivity of Cucurbita crops globally. In the present study, the zucchini inbred line ‘X10’ had highly stable PM resistance at the key time of inoculation (6 hpi to 48 hpi), and ‘Jin234’ showed PM susceptible. Genetic analysis revealed that PM resistance in ‘X10’ is controlled by one major dominant locus, CpPM10.1 . Based on the strategy of QTL-seq combined with linkage analysis and the Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) method, CpPM10.1 was located in a 382.9 kb region on chromosome 10. Using 1,400 F 2 individuals and F 2:3 offspring of the recombinants, CpPM10.1 was defined as a region of approximately 20.9 kb that contained 5 coding genes. Among them, Cp4.1LG10g02780 , Cp4.1LG10g02800 and Cp4.1LG10g02750 contained a RPW8 domain, which controls resistance to a broad range of PM pathogens. Nonsynonymous SNPs existed between ‘X10’ and ‘Jin234’ in Cp4.1LG10g02780 and Cp4.1LG10g02750 . Furthermore, the expression of Cp4.1LG10g02780 in ‘X10’ and the R-F2 pool was significantly higher than that in ‘Jin234’ and the S-F2 pool at the key period of inoculation, which showed that the expression of Cp4.1LG10g02780 was strongly positively involved in PM resistance. Further allelic diversity analysis in zucchini germplasm resources indicated that PM resistance associated with two SNPs in the RPW8 domain of Cp4.1LG10g02780 . This study not only provides highly stable PM resistance gene resources in cucurbit crops but also lays the foundation for the functional analysis of PM resistance and resistance breeding in zucchini.
Effects of nanosilica to improve the mechanical, electrical and durability properties of fiber-reinforced high-volume processed sugarcane bagasse ash cement mortar
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Ramasamy , KAVERI RAVI , JohnKirubahar A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Nanosilica (NS) has attracted wide variety of usage as cement ingredients. While many other studies have focused on early cement hydration and hardening properties, there is less data available on the impact of NS on the behavior of fiber-reinforced high-volume sugarcane bagasse cement mortar (HVSCBAM). The effects of NS on the fiber-reinforced durability of HVSCBAM, having the properties of sugarcane bagasse ash/binder in an average of 50% by weight, have been presented in detail in this study. Four NS/binder weight ratio dosages of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% of and another four total PVA fiber/volume ratio dosages of 0%, 0.2%, 0.5% and 1.0% were used. Compared to 0.2-1 vol.% of PVA fiber–reinforced HVSCBAM, the 1.5 wt.% of NS would enhance the compressive strength further. Various reports on mineralogy and microstructure have demonstrated that NS facilitates fiber/matrix bonding. These conclusions provide an insight into the pozzolanic materials of cement that are used in a large volume in the designs and applications of nanoparticles.
Improving Impedance Matching of Flaky Carbonyl Iron Based on the Surface Modification by Binary Coupling Agents
Authors: Wu Huimin , Xie Guozhi , Zhu Yan , Xie Ningyan , Chen Jing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the impedance matching of the flaky carbonyl iron was improved by surface modification with binary coupling agents. The microstructure, phase and electromagnetic parameters were detected by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Agilent vector network analyzer, respectively. After binary coupling agent applied, the shape and particle size of the flaky CIP have changed significantly, whereas the phase remained α-Fe phase. On the other hand, with the addition of binary coupling agents, the complex permittivity of flaky CIP is reduced, which is beneficial to impedance matching. The doping with 2wt% calcium stearate and 2ml titanate to flaky CIP has a minimum reflection loss peak of −13 dB at the thickness of 2 mm. It is noted that the effective absorption bandwidth (RL<-10dB) is up to 0.8GHz (1.8~2.6GHz). Moreover, the magnetic tangent loss of the samples can be significantly improved by the addition of binary coupling agents. Therefore, the surface modification of binary coupling agent can make flaky CIP get better impedance matching and absorbing performance in S band.
How Accurate Is Semi-quantitative Elastography for Calculating Strain Ratios? A Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Valera-Calero Juan Antonio , Fernández-de-las-Peñas César , Fernández-Rodríguez Tomás , Arias-Buría José Luis , Gallego-Sendarrubias Gracia María , Cimadevilla-Fernández-Pola Eduardo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Elastography is a promising imaging technique for evaluating various musculoskeletal tissues which uses acoustic radiation force pulse sequences to generate shear waves, which propagate perpendicular to the ultrasound beam causing transient displacements to calculate the tissues stiffness. Objective: The aims were to assess the validity, inter-examiner reliability and stability of semi-quantitative elastography for calculating strain ratios (SR) in a homogeneous gel phantom in different locations within the image. Methods: A diagnostic accuracy study was performed in a homogeneous stiffness phantom. Two examiners (one novice and one experienced) performed 50 imaging captures in 5 series of 10 captures with 1-minute difference between captures and 30 minutes difference be-tween series. Each examiner assessed the SR in two locations. Difference between-examiners, stability of measurements, SR error and absolute error, mean error of the measurements and coefficient of variation were calculated. Results: The agreement between examiners, validity and stability of measurements were higher in the central area than the lateral limits of the images. Thus, the experience of the examiner showed to be relevant for the concordance of the measurements in the lateral limits of the images (SR difference of 0.13 ± 0.02; p<0.001), but not for the central area (SR difference of 0.00 ± 0.01; p>0.05). Conclusion: Semi-quantitative elastography seems to be an accurate tool for assessing stiffness differences within the same image. Further validity and reliability studies in different materials and in-vivo tissues are needed to ensure the utility of this method.
Mitochondrial composition of and diffusion limiting factors of three social wasp genera Polistes, Ropalidia, and Parapolybia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
Authors: luo Li , Huang Pan , Chen Bin , Li Tingjing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Social wasps Polistes, Ropalidia, and Parapolybia, belonging to the subfamily Polistinae, have obviously different distribution patterns, yet the factors leading to this difference remain unknown.
Results

In this study, mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of 21 species of these three wasp genera were used to phylogenetic analyses, including 17 newly sequenced ones. It is revealed that both evolutionary selection pressure of protein-coding genes (PCGs) and gene rearrangement events are related to the corresponding distribution patterns. In addition, our fossil-calibrated divergence time estimation suggests the diversification of Polistes was in the Late Cretaceous (~ 69 million years ago, Ma), and that of Ropalidia and Parapolybia occurred in the Tertiary (~ 61 Ma). In view of the divergence time and the history of continental drifts, we speculate that Polistes may spread from Africa to South America via the Atlantic Ocean rather than from Asia to South America. On the other hand, combining divergence time and climate changes of both past and the present-day, it is inferred that Quaternary Ice Ages and temperature could be limitation factors in their present distribution patterns.
Conclusions

There are obvious differences in the mitochondrial composition of Polistes, Ropalidia, and Parapolybia with different distribution ranges. According to the reconstructed time-calibrated framework, we found that the climate and the continental drifts are diffusion limiting factors of the three genera.
Measurement of Fasting Breath Hydrogen Concentration as a Simple Diagnostic Method for Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency
Authors: Uetsuki Kota , Kawashima Hiroki , Ohno Eizaburo , Ishikawa Takuya , Iida Tadashi , Yamamoto Kenta , Furukawa Kazuhiro , Nakamura Masanao , Honda Takashi , Ishigami Masatoshi , Hirooka Yoshiki , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) is associated with the outcome of pancreatic disease. However, there is no method for assessing PEI that can be used noninvasively and easily for outpatient. It has been reported that changes in intestinal bacteria caused by PEI may increase breath hydrogen concentration (BHC) levels during glucose or lactose loading. We have evaluated the usefulness of fasting breath hydrogen concentration (FBHC) measurement without glucose loading for the evaluation of PEI.MethodsSixty patients underwent FBHC measurement, BT-PABA testing, and microbiome analysis.They were classified into PEI group (PABA excretion rate <73.4%, n=30) and non-PEI group (n=30). The FBHC of the two groups were compared, and the diagnostic ability of PEI by them was evaluated. The 16s rRNA (V3-V4) from fecal samples was analyzed by MiSeq.ResultsFBHC levels was higher in the PEI group (15.70 (1.4 to 77.0) than in the non-PEI group 2.80 (0.7 to 28.2) ppm, P 0.0001). FBHC was negatively correlated with PABA excretion rate (r = -0.523, P < 0.001). The cutoff value of FBHC of 10.7 ppm (95% CI: 0.678-0.913, P 0.001) showed a sensitivity of 73.3% and specificity of 83.3% for PEI diagnosis. In the PEI group, there was a significant increase of relative abundance of phylum Firmicutes (P < 0.05) and the genus Clostridium (P < 0.05). ConclusionFBHC shows good potential as a simple and repeatable test for the diagnosis of PEI. The elevated FBHC levels may be caused by hydrogen-producing bacteria such as Clostridium.
Regional differentials in early antenatal care, health facility delivery and early postnatal care among women in Uganda
Authors: Atuhaire Ruth , Wamala Robert , Atuhaire Leonard K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMaternal health equality is an ultimate goal for a better world. Early maternal healthcare service utilization is hindered by numerous social and economical barriers, along with widespread inequalities in utilization of existing services. To better understand variations existing in Uganda, we assessed differences in early antenatal care, health facility delivery and early postnatal care among women in selected sub regions. The differences were decomposed into components attributed to variation in women's characteristics and the effects of coefficients.MethodsWe used a sample of 1,521 women of reproductive ages (15-49), who delivered a child five years prior to the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey. Non-linear Oaxaca’ Blinder Multivariate Decomposition method and STATA 13.0 software were used.ResultsSignificant differences in early ANC, health facility delivery and EPNC among women in Eastern and Western sub regions were attributed to both variation in women’s characteristics and effects of coefficients. Overall gap in early ANC (57.39%), health facility delivery (63.88%) and EPNC (59.06%) was attributed to differences in women's characteristics, whereas differences in effects of coefficients attributed 42.61% variations in early ANC, 36.12% in health facility delivery, and 40.94% in EPNC.Specifically, overall gap in early ANC would reduce if differences in availability of community health workers (31.6%) and media exposure (34.7%) were to disappear. Furthermore, the gap would increase by 68.8% and 12.6% in absence of the variation in effects of maternal education, and wealth differences respectively. Overall gap in health facility delivery would reduce if differences in community health worker availability (24.6%) and media exposure (37.2%) were to disappear, and increase by 54.9% in the absence of variations in effects of maternal education. The overall gap in EPNC would reduce if differences in maternal education (18.5%) and community health worker availability (17.17%) were to disappear and increase by 52.8% and 8.4% in the absence of the variation in effects of maternal education and wealth quintile respectively.ConclusionProgress towards equitable maternal health should focus more on strategies that guarantee even distribution of community health workers, broad dissemination of maternal healthcare information and girl child education completion in Uganda.
Current standart protocols of RT-PCR of nasopharyngeal swab in neonatal patient is not sensitive enough for determination of vertical transmission
Authors: Fusco Maria Alice , Mantini Vinícius , Júnior Jarba S. S. , Gomes Raphael G. C. , Salmont Camilla G. , Abuassi Clarissa , Lima Andressa R. O. , Clarim Helena L. O. , Ferreira Erika Caminha , Almeida Simone S. A. , Rodrigues Felipe V. F. , Zanirati Gabriele , Becker Nicole , Galina João P. , Costa Jaderson C. da , Marinowic Daniel Rodrigo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The pandemic experienced in recent months has raised questions that should be investigate in the clinical practice. Transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and the consequences to the fetus and newborn have called attention due to the increasing number of infections, contradicting previous evidences that there was no possibility of coronavirus transmission from the mother to the fetus. In this work we showed three cases of pregnant women with positive SARS-CoV-2 antibodies serology on admission in Naval Hospital Marcílio Dias (HNMD), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Samples of umbilical cord blood was double positive (IgM and IgG) for one patient, double negative for one patient and positive for IgG and negative for IgM for third patient. Maternal and neonatal nasopharyngeal swab samples analyzed by PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was positive for two maternal patients and negative for all newborns tested. It was possible to detect the SARS-CoV-2 in amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood using the nested-PCR technics, thus being successfully evidenced transplacental transmission. We suggested that nasopharyngeal swab PCR test of neonates does not have a correlation with vertical transmission and thus, this molecular test is not useful for investigation of transplacental infection.
Pengukuran Pengaruh Tantangan Pada Gim Bergenre Puzzle Dengan Metode PLS-SEM Terhadap Pembelajaran Anak
Authors: Rizky Hazmi , Wibowo Hardianto , Husniah Lailatul 
Published: February 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini akan menjelaskan tentang pengaruh dari Gim terhadap pembelajaran, poin-poin gim yang akan dinilai pengaruhnya antara lain adalah Engagement, Immersion, Challenge, dan Skill. Data yang digunakan adalah hasil kuesioner serta nilai Try Out-UN siswa-siswi kelas 12 SMK 3 Malang. Menggunakan permainan Angry Bird, responden nantinya akan bermain selama kurang lebih 30 menit sebelum melakukan kegiatan belajar seperti biasanya. Hal ini dilakukan dalam waktu kurang lebih sekitar satu bulan. Setelah itu responden akan diminta untuk mengisi kuesioner yang nantinya akan diolah dengan metode SEM-PLS. Hasil dari pengolahan data kuesioner tersebut adalah seberapa besar pengaruh gim terhadap pembelajaran berdasarkan poin-poin yang sudah disebutkan di atas. Sedangkan nilai dari Try Out dan UN digunakan untuk mengetahui besar pengaruh gim terhadap pelajaran secara keseluruhan, menggunakan metode paired t-test. Setelah melalui pengujian, hasil yang didapatkan adalah bahwa stimulus gim terhadap pembelajaran berpengaruh secara positif. Dan Engagement menjadi poin paling berpengaruh dalam penilaian prosentase yaitu 32%, disusul dengan Immersion 9.34%, Skill 6.86%, dan Challenge 2.25%.Abstract This study will explain the influence of the game on learning, the game points that will be assessed for influence include Engagement, Immersion, Challenge, and Skill. The data used are the results of the questionnaire and the Try Out-UN scores of 12th grade students of SMK 3 Malang. Using the Angry Bird game, respondents will play for about 30 minutes before doing their usual learning activities. This is done in approximately one month. After that the respondent will be asked to fill out a questionnaire which will later be processed by the SEM-PLS method. The result of processing the questionnaire data is how much influence the game has on learning based on the points mentioned above. While the value of Try Out and UN is used to determine the effect of the game on the overall lesson, using the paired t-test method. After testing, the results obtained are that the game stimulus to learning has a positive effect. And Engagement became the most influential points in the percentage assessment of 32%, followed by Immersion 9.34%, Skill 6.86%, and Challenge 2.25%.
Uji Daya Simpan dan Efektivitas Prototipe Pupuk Hayati Mikoriza dengan Media Pembawa Pasir Vulkanik dan Pasir Laut
Authors: JUNIARI KADEK , RAI I NYOMAN , SUKEWIJAYA I MADE 
Published: February 2021

Time Storage and Effectivity of the Prototype of Mychorrhiza Biological Fertilizer with Volcanic and Sea Sand as the Carrier Media. This research aimed to study time storage and the efectivity of prototype of mychorrhiza biological fertilizer with volcanic and sea sand as the carrier media. The study was arranged using a randomized block design with 2 factors. The first factor was carrier media of mychorrhiza spore consist of 2 levels i.e. volcanic and and sea sand, and the second factor was time storage of prototype of mychorrhiza biological fertilizer consist of 3 levels i.e. 1, 2, and 3 month. The result of research showed that volcanic sand carrier media was better than the sea sand media proved by higher total dry weight. The best time storage of prototype of mychorrhiza biological fertilizer in this research was 1 month indicated by the highest amount of spores after storage. The interaction between carrier media and time storage gave significantly different just to stem diamater and fresh weight of corn cob.