bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global uniform asymptotical stability for fractional-order gene regulatory networks with time-varying delays and structured uncertainties
Authors: Wu Zhaohua , Wang Zhiming , Zhou Tiejun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate a class of fractional-order gene regulatory networks with time-varying delays and structured uncertainties (UDFGRNs). First, we deduce the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium for the UDFGRNs by using the contraction mapping principle. Next, we derive a novel global uniform asymptotic stability criterion of the UDFGRNs by using a Lyapunov function and the Razumikhin technique, and the conditions relating to the criterion depend on the fractional order of the UDFGRNs. Finally, we provide two numerical simulation examples to demonstrate the correctness and usefulness of the novel stability conditions. One of the most interesting findings is that the structured uncertainties indeed have an impact on the stability of the system.
A new extension to the controlled metric type spaces endowed with a graph
Authors: Mlaiki Nabil , Souayah Nizar , Abdeljawad Thabet , Aydi Hassen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we initiate a new extension of b-metric spaces, called controlled metric-like spaces, by changing the condition $$ \bigl[\wp (s,r)=0 \Leftrightarrow s=r\bigr]\quad \text{by } \bigl[\wp (s,r)=0 \Rightarrow s=r\bigr] $$

[
℘
(
s
,
r
)
=
0
⇔
s
=
r
]

by

[
℘
(
s
,
r
)
=
0
⇒
s
=
r
]

and that means basically we may have a non-zero self-distance. We prove some fixed point theorems which generalize many results in the literature. Also, we present an interesting application to illustrate our results by considering controlled metric-like spaces endowed with a graph.
Comparable results using 2.0-mm vs. 3.5-mm screw augmentation in midshaft clavicle fractures: a 10-year experience
Authors: Wurm M. , Zyskowski M. , Greve F. , Gersing A. , Biberthaler P. , Kirchhoff C. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Absence of cortical alignment in wedge-shaped and multifragmentary fractures (Fx) results in decreased fixation stability. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome using 2.0- vs. 3.5-mm screws for open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in dislocated, wedge-shaped or fragmentary midshaft clavicle fractures.

Materials and methods
Patients suffering from AO/OTA 15 2.A-C midshaft clavicle fractures were operatively treated between 2008 and 2018. 2.0- or 3.5-mm cortical screws were used to restore anatomic alignment in dislocated, wedge-shaped and fragmentary clavicle fractures. Data of radiologic outcome were collected until fracture consolidation was identified.

Results
80 consecutive patients with a mean age of 44.5 ± 16.3 years, who were operatively treated for dislocated midshaft clavicle fractures were enrolled. 40 patients were treated using 2.0-mm and 40 patients using routine 3.5-mm cortical screws, respectively. Time to fracture consolidation was 12.8 ± 7.8 months. No mal- or non-unions occurred during routine follow-up until 18 months postoperatively.

Conclusion
Restoring anatomic alignment in wedge or fragmentary clavicle fractures can ultimately be addressed using cortical screw augmentation. Both groups showed comparable results with respect to fracture reduction, fixation and stability as well as time to consolidation of the fracture, while the 2.0-mm screw diameter was associated with easier handling of small Fx fragments.
Identifying adverse childhood experiences in maternity services
Authors: Mortimore Vivien , Richardson Michelle , Unwin Sally 
Published: February 2021

Background Maternity services have a unique opportunity to support women and families to build resilience and mitigate against the harmful impact of parental exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) but, most importantly, to prevent exposure to ACEs in future generations. Aim To identify ACEs in families who use maternity services in order to improve the professional response to risk, build parental resilience and strengthen parenting capacity. Methods A quality improvement project piloted an ACEs screening tool with 44 women and their partners when booking for maternity services. Implementation was supported by the development of a range of bespoke tools. Evaluation took place through quantitative data analysis and qualitative feedback from professionals and parents. Findings The use of the ACEs screening tool successfully identified ACEs which would otherwise not have been known using the previous antenatal booking questions. The bespoke tool kit was well-received by women, their partners and professionals. Identification and discussion of ACEs enabled appropriate support to be offered. Conclusion Identifying ACEs in maternity services and offering additional support requires further work before wider implementation. These interventions have the potential to reduce risk, build resilience and strengthen parenting capacity which could protect infants from experiencing a cycle of adversity.
El monstruo desde la exterioridad y la virtualidad: prácticas digitales en César González
Authors: Rangel Manrique Emily 
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo reflexiona sobre el uso de la marginalidad en la cultura audiovisual digital como un elemento monstruoso «necesario» en la producción e intensificación de la subjetividad y la realidad social. Se reflexiona a partir de los análisis de la película subida a YouTube ¿Qué puede un cuerpo? (2014)de César González, así como del examen a la escritura y publicaciones en su blogCamilo Blajaquis. En el análisis se establece una articulación entre las nociones de exterioridad, virtualidad y «estética de la política» (Rancière) para indagar cómo estas prácticas digitales se sitúan en la lucha por nuevos canales de movilización afectiva.
Full 3D+1 modeling of tilted-pulse-front setups for single-cycle terahertz generation: comment
Authors: Bakunov M. I. , Bodrov S. B. 
Published: February 2021

Wang et al. [J. Opt. Soc. Am. B
37, 1000 (2020)JOBPDE0740-322410.1364/JOSAB.379142]
simulated terahertz generation by tilted-pulse-front optical
excitation of a lithium niobate crystal and made predictions about the
optimal generation conditions and spatial distribution of the
generated terahertz beam. We point out that the formulas used by Wang
et al. for the tilted-pulse-front
optical pulse and optically induced nonlinear polarization are
irrelevant to the conventional tilted-pulse-front configuration. The
predictions made by Wang et al. appear
inadequate for optimizing typical tilted-pulse-front experimental
setups.
Grayscale image for broadband linear polarization measurement by an ultracompact metasurface
Authors: Cao Yue , Tang Lili , Jin Renchao , Li Jiaqi , Wang Jin , Dong Zheng-Gao 
Published: February 2021

The polarization of light, the vector nature of electromagnetic waves, is one of the fundamental parameters. Finding a direct and efficient method to measure the state of polarized light is extremely urgent for nano-optical applications. Based on Malus’s law, we design an ultracompact metasurface composed of silver nanorods, which is demonstrated to directly measure the state of linear polarization by a grayscale image. Using an ultrathin metasurface, we generate grayscale images with gradient grayscale levels which are linked directly to the polarization state of the incident light. The direction of the linear polarization of incident light can be conveniently and efficiently obtained through extracting the angle of the brightest area of the grayscale image. The ultrathin metasurface operates in the broadband 750–1100 nm spectral range. It is a novel and significant method to analyze the linear polarization state of light, which provides opportunities for various applications, such as polarimetric multispectral imaging and miniaturized polarimeter.
Short-term outcomes of pubertal suppression in a selected cohort of 12 to 15 year old young people with persistent gender dysphoria in the UK
Authors: Carmichael Polly , Butler Gary , Masic Una , Cole Tim J. , De Stavola Bianca L. , Davidson Sarah , Skageberg Elin M. , Khadr Sophie , Viner Russell M. 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundIn adolescents with severe and persistent gender dysphoria (GD), gonadotropin releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa) are used from early/middle puberty with the aim of delaying irreversible and unwanted pubertal body changes. Evidence of outcomes of pubertal suppression in GD is limited.MethodsWe undertook an uncontrolled prospective observational study of GnRHa as monotherapy in 44 12–15 year olds with persistent and severe GD. Prespecified analyses were limited to key outcomes: bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD); Child Behaviour CheckList (CBCL) total t-score; Youth Self-Report (YSR) total t-score; CBCL and YSR self-harm indices; at 12, 24 and 36 months. Semistructured interviews were conducted on GnRHa.Results44 patients had data at 12 months follow-up, 24 at 24 months and 14 at 36 months. All had normal karyotype and endocrinology consistent with birth-registered sex. All achieved suppression of gonadotropins by 6 months. At the end of the study one ceased GnRHa and 43 (98%) elected to start cross-sex hormones.There was no change from baseline in spine BMD at 12 months nor in hip BMD at 24 and 36 months, but at 24 months lumbar spine BMC and BMD were higher than at baseline (BMC +6.0 (95% CI: 4.0, 7.9); BMD +0.05 (0.03, 0.07)). There were no changes from baseline to 12 or 24 months in CBCL or YSR total t-scores or for CBCL or YSR self-harm indices, nor for CBCL total t-score or self-harm index at 36 months. Most participants reported positive or a mixture of positive and negative life changes on GnRHa. Anticipated adverse events were common.ConclusionsOverall patient experience of changes on GnRHa treatment was positive. We identified no changes in psychological function. Changes in BMD were consistent with suppression of growth. Larger and longer-term prospective studies using a range of designs are needed to more fully quantify the benefits and harms of pubertal suppression in GD.
Cost-effectiveness of the long-acting regimen cabotegravir plus rilpivirine for the treatment of HIV-1 and its potential impact on adherence and viral transmission: A modelling study
Authors: Parker Ben , Ward Tom , Hayward Olivia , Jacob Ian , Arthurs Erin , Becker Debbie , Anderson Sarah-Jane , Chounta Vasiliki , Van de Velde Nicolas 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionCombination antiretroviral therapy (cART) improves outcomes for people living with HIV (PLWH) but requires adherence to daily dosing. Suboptimal adherence results in reduced treatment effectiveness, increased costs, and greater risk of resistance and onwards transmission. Treatment with long-acting (LA), injection-based ART administered by healthcare professionals (directly observed therapy (DOT)) eliminates the need for adherence to daily dosing and may improve clinical outcomes. This study reports the cost-effectiveness of the cabotegravir plus rilpivirine LA regimen (CAB+RPV LA) and models the potential impact of LA DOT therapies.MethodsParameterisation was performed using pooled data from recent CAB+RPV LA Phase III trials. The analysis was conducted using a cohort-level hybrid decision-tree and state-transition model, with states defined by viral load and CD4 cell count. The efficacy of oral cART was adjusted to reflect adherence to daily regimens from published data. A Canadian health service perspective was adopted.ResultsCAB+RPV LA is predicted to be the dominant intervention when compared to oral cART, generating, per 1,000 patients treated, lifetime cost-savings of $1.5 million, QALY and life-year gains of 107 and 138 respectively with three new HIV cases averted.ConclusionsEconomic evaluations of LA DOTs need to account for the impact of adherence and HIV transmission. This study adds to the existing literature by incorporating transmission and using clinical data from the first LA DOT regimen. Providing PLWH and healthcare providers with novel modes of ART administration, enhancing individualisation of treatment, may facilitate the achievement of UNAIDS 95-95-95 objectives.
HIV testing uptake and prevalence among hospitalized older adults in Togo: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Gbeasor-Komlanvi Fifonsi Adjidossi , Zida-Compaore Wendpouire Ida Carine , Sadio Arnold Junior , Tchankoni Martin Kouame , Kadangha Balakiyem Magnim , Salou Mounerou , Dagnra Anoumou Claver , Ekouevi Didier Koumavi 
Published: February 2021

Objectives
This study aimed to describe HIV testing uptake, as well as HIV prevalence and its associated factors among older adults aged ≥50 years in health facilities in Togo.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out from February 2018 to June 2019 among hospitalized older adults aged ≥50 years in tertiary and secondary hospitals in Togo. HIV testing was performed according to the national algorithm. Socio-demographic data and HIV testing history were collected using a standardized questionnaire.

Results
A total of 619 patients (43.9% female) of median age 61 years, (IQR: 55–70) were recruited and offered HIV testing. Among them, 25.7% had never previously tested for HIV. In total, 91.6% (567/619) accepted HIV testing while 8.4% (52/619) refused to be tested. Of those who tested, forty patients were HIV positive, yielding a prevalence of 7.1%. Twenty-three patients (57.5%) were newly diagnosed with HIV infection. In multivariable analysis, two factors were associated with HIV infection: living alone (aOR = 5.83; 95%CI = [2.26–14.53]) and being <60 years (aOR = 3.12; 95%CI = [1.51–6.66]).

Conclusion
The majority of older adults in this study accepted testing for HIV and almost three in five HIV positive older adults were newly diagnosed with HIV as a result of this testing. There is an urgent need to integrate older adults into responses to the HIV epidemic and to strengthen targeted prevention care and treatment in this population.
Representation of Parkinson's disease and atypical Parkinson's syndromes in the Czech Republic—A nationwide retrospective study
Authors: Búřil Jiří , Búřilová Petra , Pokorná Andrea , Kováčová Ingrid , Baláž Marek 
Published: February 2021

Background
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease which causes health problem that affects more patients in the past few years. To be able to offer appropriate care, epidemiological analyses are crucial at the national level and its comparison with the international situation.

Aim
The demographic description of reported patients with parkinsonism (including Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonian syndromes) according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) from the national health registries.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of data available from the National Health Information System–NHIS and the National Registry of Reimbursed Health Services (NRRHS). Analyzed epidemiological data are intending to determine the regional and specific prevalence of Parkinsonism in the Czech Republic. The International Classification of Diseases diagnoses (ICD-10) of G20 (Parkinson’s disease—PD) and G23.1, G23.2, G23.3 (other degenerative disorders of basal ganglia), and G31.8 (another degenerative disease of basal ganglia) from the period of 2012 to 2018 were included into the analysis.

Results
We identified 78 453 unique patients from national registries in the period 2012 to 2018. Diagnoses of G20, G23.1, G23.2, and G31.8 were registered as the principal diagnoses in 76.6% of all individual patients.

Conclusion
We have found a growing number of patients coded with ICD-10 of dg. G20, G23.1, G23.2, G23.3, or G31.8 (N = 27 891 in 2012, and N = 30 612 in 2018). We have proven regional differences in the prevalence of Parkinson´s diagnoses. Therefore we assume most likely also differences in the care of patients with PD based on the availability of specialty care centers.
The Epistemology and Ethics of Taklif: An Analysis of the Legal Subjectivity of the Majnūn
Authors: Alaghbri Alla Ahmed 
Published: February 2021

Legal subjectivity, particularly that of the majnūn, is an understudied topic that is often only glossed over or nominaly referenced in academic scholarship on Islamic jurisprudence. In attempting to fill this gap in scholarship, this article aims at examining the epistemological and ethical dimensions of legal subjectivity, particulary as it relates to the insane. The article takes the the concept of taklif in classical Ash'arite works of jurisprudence as the center of its analysis of legal subjectivity. Taklif, it characteristics, the relationship between the law giver and the legal subject, and the host of epistemological and ethical assumptions embedded in assigning legal subjectivity to certain individuals and excluding others from it, were among the main issues that classical Muslim jurists grappled with. Understanding the concept of taklif as a form of prescriptive speech, Ash'arite jurist-theologians went on to articulate a theory of legal subjectivity that emphasized the mental capability of the legal subject to comprehend the moral import of divine prescriptive address and to respond to it with cognizant and intentional obedience. In stressing the value of cognitive ability, Muslim jurists contended that the comprehension of insane individuals fell short of the level necessary to acquire legal subjectivity. Beyond the issue of the legal subjectivity of the insane, this study of the concept of taklif allows us to understand some of the ways Muslim jurists conceived of reason/rationality, the relationship between intentionality, knowledge and action, and the nature of divine speech and its normative value.
BenderNet and RingerNet: Highly Efficient Line Segmentation Deep Neural Network Architectures for Ice Rink Localization
Authors: Walters Pascale , Clausi David , Wong Alexander , Fani Mehrnaz 
Published: February 2021

A critical step for computer vision-driven hockey ice rink localization from broadcast video is the automatic segmentation of lines on the rink. While the leveraging of segmentation methods for sports field localization has been previously explored, the design of deep neural networks for segmenting ice rink lines has not been well studied. Furthermore, the exploration of efficient architecture designs is very important given the operational requirements of real-time sports analytics. Motivated by this, BenderNet and RingerNet, two highly efficient deep neural network architectures, have been designed specifically for ice rink line segmentation. Experiments on a dataset of annotated NHL broadcast video demonstrate high accuracy while maintaining high model efficiency, thus making the proposed methods well-suited for real-time ice hockey rink localization.
A network analysis of problematic smartphone use symptoms in a student sample
Authors: Huang Shunsen , Lai Xiaoxiong , Xue Ye , Zhang Cai , Wang Yun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsPrevious research has established risk factors for problematic smartphone use (PSU), but few studies to date have explored the structure of PSU symptoms. This study capitalizes on network analysis to identify the core symptoms of PSU in a large sample of students.MethodsThis research investigated 26,950 grade 4 students (male = 13,271) and 11,687 grade 8 students (male = 5,739) using the smartphone addiction proneness scale (SAPS). The collected data were analyzed using a network analysis method, which can provide centrality indexes to determine the core symptoms of PSU. The two networks from the different groups were compared using a permutation test.ResultsThe results indicated that the core symptoms of students' problematic smartphone use were the loss of control and continued excessive use across the two samples.Discussion and conclusionsThese findings suggest that loss of control is a key feature of problematic smartphone use. The results also provide some evidence relevant to previous research from the perspective of network analysis and some suggestions for future treatment or prevention of students' problematic smartphone use.
A daily diary investigation on the job-related affective experiences fueled by work addiction
Authors: Balducci Cristian , Spagnoli Paola , Avanzi Lorenzo , Clark Malissa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsWe studied the quality of the job-related emotional experiences associated with work addiction. We hypothesized that work addiction would fuel both a higher level of daily job-related negative affect and a lower level of daily job-related positive affect and that such affective experiences would mediate the relationship between work addiction and emotional exhaustion reported at the end of the working day. Additionally, in light of typical behaviors and cognitions associated with work addiction, we also hypothesized that work addiction would modify the relationships between day workload and same day emotional strain reactions (i.e., job-related negative affect and job-related positive affect).MethodsParticipants were 213 workers (42.5% female), most of whom holding a high-profile job position, who were followed for 10 consecutive working days in the context of a daily diary study.ResultsMultilevel analyses controlling for neuroticism revealed that work addiction was uniquely and positively related to daily job-related negative affect and that the latter mediated the relationship between work addiction and daily emotional exhaustion. On the other hand, work addiction was not negatively related to daily job-related positive affect; this relationship emerged only when removing neuroticism from the model. Additionally, work addiction strengthened the relationship between day workload and day job-related negative affect.DiscussionResults indicate that work addicted are characterized by the experience of a negatively connotated affect during work, and that this kind of affect may be a mechanism explaining the work addiction-burnout relationship.