bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional labor market integration of women and the share of women in management: are family firms different?
Authors: Welch Natalie , Ahrens Jan-Philipp , Block Joern 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The underrepresentation of women in management positions remains a significant barrier to achieving gender equality. While previous research has examined how national institutional contexts influence women’s career choices, the role of regional contexts has been largely overlooked. This study addresses this gap by analyzing how regional institutions affect the share of women in management roles within mid-sized firms. We argue that stronger regional labor market integration for women facilitates their progression into management positions, thereby increasing their representation in firms’ leadership. Furthermore, we differentiate between family and non-family firms, suggesting that regional institutional effects are less influential in family firms. To assess the regional labor market integration of women, we develop an indicator comprising three key components: the female employment ratio, the childcare participation rate, and the proportion of fathers receiving parental allowance. Analyzing a large sample of mid-sized German firms (50 to 500 employees) across 400 regions, our regression results show that regional labor market integration significantly affects women’s representation in management. However, this effect is weaker in family firms compared to non-family firms. These findings suggest that research on women in management and their influence on firm outcomes should account for the role of regional institutions.
A survey on Swedish maritime pilots’ trust, training, understanding, and use of the portable pilot unit’s predictor automation
Authors: Westin Carl , Lundberg Jonas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Technological advances such as electronic charts and course prediction systems provide invaluable support to navigation officers and maritime pilots in navigating confined waters. However, recent maritime accidents have been attributed to operators lacking a clear understanding of how the automation works and how to use it, leading to both misuse and disuse. Two concerns emerge: inadequate training and poor automation design, making it difficult and complex to use. To investigate challenges related to understanding, use, and trust in automation, we surveyed Swedish maritime pilots to investigate their experiences with the course predictor automation tool on their portable pilot units. This technology predicts ship trajectories and is commonly used in modern bridge systems. This paper contributes empirical evidence on how maritime pilots trust the predictor currently used, providing insight into their perceptions and experiences of training, level of understanding, and patterns of usage. The results of 69 respondents revealed limited formal training in the predictor, with knowledge acquired primarily from self-learning and practical experience. Although pilots value the predictor and use it frequently, they struggle with sensor error detection and understanding how it works. The trust in the predictor was inversely correlated with age and experience, with lower age and experience associated with higher trust, more frequent use, greater perceived importance, better understanding, and fewer unexplained behaviours encountered. Based on these findings, recommendations are proposed to improve predictor training and improve its transparency through design.
On a Cross-Diffusion Model in Ecohydrology: Theory and Numerics
Authors: Moreno-Villamil Iván , Rueda-Gómez Diego A. , Villamizar-Roa Élder J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we consider a version of the mathematical model introduced in (Wang et al. in Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. 42:571–584, 2017) to describe the interaction between vegetation and soil water in arid environments. The model corresponds to a nonlinear parabolic coupled system of partial differential equations, with non-flux boundary conditions, which incorporates, in addition to the natural diffusion of water and plants, a cross-diffusion term given by the hydraulic diffusivity due to the suction of water by the roots. The model also considers a monotonously decreasing vegetation death rate capturing the infiltration feedback between plants and ground water. We first prove the existence and uniqueness of global solutions in a large class of initial data, allowing non-regular ones. These solutions are in a mild setting and under additional regularity assumptions on the initial data and the domain, they are classical. Second, we propose a fully discrete numerical scheme, based on a semi-implicit Euler discretization in time and finite element discretization (with “mass-lumping”) in space, for approximating the solutions of the continuous model. We prove the well-posedness of the numerical scheme and some qualitative properties of the discrete solutions including, positivity, uniform weak and strong estimates, convergence towards strong solutions and optimal error estimates. Finally, we present some numerical experiments in order to showcase the good behavior of the numerical scheme including the formation of Turing patterns, as well as to validate the convergence order in the error estimates obtained in the theoretical analysis.
Seismic fragility curves with unconventional ground motion intensity measures from physics-based simulations
Authors: Franco I. E. Monsalvo , Smerzini C. , Rosti A. , Rota M. , Paolucci R. , Penna A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper explores the performance of different ground motion intensity measures in observational fragility studies, using damage data from the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake and leveraging physics-based numerical simulations (PBS) to calibrate fragility functions. The dataset included masonry and reinforced concrete (RC) buildings representative of the Italian building stock. The optimality (efficiency, proficiency and practicality) of a wide set of ground motion intensity measures was assessed with two methodologies introduced specifically in this work for such purpose. Results from both methodologies are consistent, highlighting the superior performance of average spectral acceleration, particularly for RC buildings. On the other hand, peak ground acceleration was found to perform well especially for masonry buildings. Among integral intensity measures, Housner intensity emerged as the most effective, while Arias intensity and cumulative absolute velocity displayed weaker correlations with damage. Although based on a single case study, these findings offer initial insights into the optimality of different intensity measures for observational seismic fragility studies and underscore the potential of PBS in enhancing region- and site-specific seismic risk assessments.
Predicting outcomes in persistent atrial fibrillation: the impact of surface ECG f-wave amplitude following pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Baskaralingam Aruran , Marchetti Matteo , Solana-Munoz Jorge , Teres Cheryl , Le Bloa Mathieu , Porretta Alessandra Pia , Domenichini Giulia , Ascione Ciro , Roten Laurent , Knecht Sven , Kühne Michael , Sticherling Christian , Pascale Patrizio , Pruvot Etienne , Luca Adrian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Fibrillatory wave amplitude (fWA) on 12-lead ECG predicts the outcome of ablation in atrial fibrillation (AF). We hypothesized that changes in fWA following wide circumferential isolation of pulmonary veins (WPVI) in persistent AF (peAF) is a better predictor of ablation outcome compared to baseline fWA.

Methods
Eighty-nine patients (sustained peAF 7 ± 7 months) underwent a first-time WPVI. Sixty-second ECG signals devoid of QRST waves were recorded at baseline and at the end of the WPVI (endWPVI). fWA for each ECG lead and mean fWA (meanfWA) across the 12-lead ECG were computed. Patients with recurrence after the index WPVI underwent a redo to ensure complete PVI. The primary endpoint was long-term AF freedom OFF antiarrhythmics drugs (AADs) after one or two WPVI (SUCCESS group). The FAILURE group was defined as AF recurrence post-redo.

Results
Over a mean follow-up of 35 ± 10 months, freedom from AF OFF AADs was achieved in 61% (SUCCESS group), while 29% had AF recurrence after redo WPVI (FAILURE group). The SUCCESS group showed significantly higher fWA values in ECG leads V1, V4, and V5 at baseline (p < 0.05), as well as in leads III, aVL, aVF, and V4, and in meanfWA at endWPVI (p < 0.05) compared to the FAILURE group. A baseline mean fWA ≥ 0.044 mV or a decrease in mean fWA ≤ 11% following WPVI predicted long-term sinus rhythm restoration with a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 69% (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Low fWA values and a significant reduction in fWA following WPVI are associated with a high risk of AF recurrence in patients with peAF.

Graphical Abstract
Fibrillatory wave amplitude changes after WPVI can predict long-term sinus rhythm maintenance.
Exploring the synergy of human-robot teaming, digital twins, and machine learning in Industry 5.0: a step towards sustainable manufacturing
Authors: Langås Even Falkenberg , Zafar Muhammad Hamza , Sanfilippo Filippo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Sustainable manufacturing remains a central objective of Industry 5.0. By successfully implementing harmonic human-robot teams in intelligent industrial systems, the efficiency and well-being of human workers can be increased. Achieving this requires a gradual approach from caged robots to advanced, seamless collaboration between humans and robots. Initially, that means transitioning to human-robot interaction (HRI) where there is an exchange of commands between the human and the robot. Further advancements within safety considerations, including collision avoidance through advanced machine vision, enable the exchange of workspace that defines human-robot collaboration (HRC). The next stage is physical HRC (pHRC) which requires safe and controlled exchange of forces through impedance and admittance control. Finally, this paper describes human-robot teaming (HRT), which is defined by the exchange of solutions as teammates. This is enabled by combining cutting-edge technologies such as digital twin (DT), advanced vision sensors, machine learning (ML) algorithms and mixed reality (MR) human–machine interfaces for operators. A key contribution of this work is reviewing the integration of HRT with DT and ML, highlighting how these technologies enable seamless perception, prediction, and decision-making in human-centric industrial systems. By reviewing these technologies, the paper highlights current challenges, limitations and research gaps within the field of HRT and suggests potential future possibilities for HRT, such as advanced disassembly of used goods for a more sustainable manufacturing industry.
Affected Other Prevalence and Profiles: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Australian Population-Representative Gambling Study
Authors: Dowling Nicki A. , Spence Kimberley , Browne Matthew , Rockloff Matthew , Merkouris Stephanie S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Gambling-related harm can extend to family members and friends but few population-representative studies have investigated affected other (AO) prevalence estimates and profiles in the general population. Using data from the 5000 adult respondents in the Fourth Social and Economic Impact Study of Gambling in Tasmania, this study aimed to: (1) identify prevalence estimates of AO status and professional help-seeking; (2) establish the socio-demographic and gambling profiles of AOs; (3) extend the growing literature examining negative mental health characteristics experienced by AOs, after accounting for socio-demographic characteristics and other potential sources of harm; and (4) explore the degree to which gender moderates these relationships. Results found that 1 in 20 adults (5.11%, 95% CI: 4.33, 6.01) reported past-year AO status but only 1 in 7 AOs (14.15%, 95% CI: 9.01, 21.52) had ever sought help in relation to another person’s gambling (i.e., < 1% of all adults). AOs were significantly more likely than non-AOs to be younger, Australian-born, employed, and living in households with children. They were significantly more likely than non-AOs to report depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, binge drinking, tobacco use, and drug use, even after controlling for socio-demographics and other potential sources of harm. Finally, they were more likely to report their own gambling participation, problems, and harm but only 2.20% (95% CI: 0.69, 6.78) had ever sought help for their own gambling. These findings suggest that a considerable proportion of AOs in the general population may benefit from support to improve their own mental health and address their own gambling harm.
Bio-Polyethylene Furanoate Production in Latin America as a Response to the Current Needs for Sustainable Food Packaging
Authors: Martínez Bello Lory Ireri , Vázquez Cuevas Vimanely Yaneth , González-Contreras Moisés , Gomez-Maldonado Diego , Hernández-Guerrero Maribel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Plastic materials have long been essential in the production of food packaging, due to their advantageous properties, cost-efficiency, and durability. Nevertheless, alarming reports from the United Nations indicate that Latin America generates 17,000 tons of plastic waste daily, with 30% of it being released into the environment. As a reaction, major companies in the food industry have committed to introduce more environmentally friendly packaging solutions. This research aimed to gather the reported packaging needs of some major Latin American food industries and propose a suitable bioplastic or natural polymer alternative to traditional plastics. Polyethylene Furanoate (Bio-PEF), derived from biomass, is highlighted as the most promising bioplastic. The study outlines a detailed production process for Bio-PEF from sucrose and ethylene, including four stages: obtention of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, oxidation to furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), production of ethylene glycol (EG), and polymerization of FDCA and EG. Braskem (Brazil), a pioneering and leading producer of bio-polyethylene (bio-PE), was identified as one of the most potential companies in Latin America to manufacture Bio-PEF. Although, the technology can be applied to any bioethanol company operating under a biorefinery scheme. In the Bio-PE process, Braskem uses sucrose from sugar cane to produce ethylene which could be subsequently used to synthesize Bio-PEF. Braskem is equipped with the necessary technology and scale for Bio-PEF production. Material balances using 10% of the sucrose and ethylene as inputs in a four stages production demonstrated a potential yield of 35.49 kg/h of Bio-PEF, producing 0.31 kg of Bio-PEF/Kg of sucrose.
Nutrientscape ecology: a whole-system framework to support the understanding and management of coastal nutrient connectivity
Authors: Palola Pirta , Pittman Simon J. , Collin Antoine , Benkwitt Cassandra E. , Thomson Eleanor , Malhi Yadvinder , Graham Nicholas A. J. , Wedding Lisa M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Context
Nutrient connectivity across landscapes and seascapes plays a fundamental role in shaping the structure and function of coastal ecosystems. A whole-system understanding of the spatial–temporal dynamics and ecological significance of nutrient connectivity is essential for developing more effective coastal management strategies.

Objectives
The aim of this study is to summarize the recent state-of-science in coastal nutrient connectivity research and identify future research needs. We then propose an integrated and solution-oriented scientific framework to advance a landscape ecology approach to address the research needs.

Methods
We conducted a systematic literature review of 77 studies on nutrient flows in tropical and subtropical coastal marine environments (coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrasses) that have been conducted over the past decade.

Results
Few studies considered interlinkages between multiple coastal habitats. Most (73%) studies that examined ecological impacts of nutrient connectivity focused on anthropogenic terrestrial runoff and indicated negative ecological responses to nutrients. Few studies adopted landscape ecology concepts and methods. We identified 15 research needs for advancing coastal nutrient connectivity research. Urgent research needs include the impacts of climate change on nutrient connectivity, the interactions between multiple nutrient pathways across habitats, and the social-economic drivers and impacts of change. An integrated framework that we term nutrientscape ecology is presented as a way forward.

Conclusions
The nutrientscape ecology framework emphasizes the spatially explicit study of pattern-process relationships across multiple scales and leverages concepts and methods from landscape ecology and systems thinking. We seek to inspire interdisciplinary research collaborations and the development of a predictive science of nutrient connectivity that informs coastal management.
A dualist theory of experience
Authors: Saad Bradford 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Dualism holds that experiences somehow arise from physical states, despite being neither identical with nor grounded in such states. This paper motivates a stringent set of constraints on constructing a dualist theory of experience. To meet the constraints, a dualist theory must: (1) construe experiences as causes of physical effects, (2) ensure that experiences do not cause observable violations of the causal closure of the physical domain, (3) avoid overdetermination, (4) specify a set of psychophysical laws that yield experiences as a function of physical states, and (5) ensure that functional duplication preserves phenomenology. After motivating these constraints and explaining why existing dualist theories satisfy only some of them, I construct a dualist theory that satisfies all of them. On the resulting theory—which I call delegatory dualism—experiences uphold causal responsibilities “delegated” to them by physical states.
How to ground (higher-order) identities
Authors: Lo Tien-Chun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The purity principle requires that identity truths such as “Hesperus is identical to Phosphorus” are grounded. This argument from purity for the groundedness of identity truths for first-order entities can be naturally generalized to higher-order identities like “to be a vixen is to be a female fox.” In this paper, I will examine various accounts of the grounds of identity truths by taking the cases of higher-order identities into consideration. Drawing on some essentialist insights, I will propose a novel account and argue that it offers an attractive explanation of how identities, including both first-order and higher-order cases, are grounded.
Old wine in a postmodern bottle: Aleksandr Dugin’s “Fourth political theory” and Aurel Kolnai’s War against the West
Authors: Sharpe Matthew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The first section reconstructs Dugin’s claims to have charted a “fourth political theory” (4PT), which would have broken from “fascism” and “Nazism”, the “third political theory” (as well liberalism and communism, the first and second “PTs” respectively). The second section of the paper critically unpacks four Duginian claims to defend this position, despite his avowed recourse to intellectuals who became Nazi Party Members and public advocates of the Third Reich, led by Martin Heidegger and Carl Schmitt. In the third section, we assess whether Dugin’s substantive claims hold up about “Nazism” and “fascism”, which enable him to present his 4PT as “anti-Nazi/fascist/racist”, by recourse to Aurel Kolnai’s monumental 1938 work The War on the West: the most extensive anglophone examination of the intellectual sources, texts, and parameters of “the Nazi creed, … its fundamental principles and its details” (Kolnai 1938: 18). Our argument is that Dugin’s “4PT” involves a more or less clever ideological repackaging of the “3PT” in the face of continuing horror at the Nazi’s crimes, rather than a novel political theory, based on a “retreat[ing] from the “sub-standard” Hitler to the “eminent” Spengler, Heidegger or Nietzsche” (Lukács 1980: p. 8).
Intact embodiment during perspective-taking in older adults is not affected by focal tDCS
Authors: Roheger Mandy , Mäder Anna , Riemann Steffen , Niemann Filip , Kessler Klaus , Martin Andrew K. , Meinzer Marcus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Embodied processing is crucial for visual perspective taking (VPT), with evidence from non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) suggesting a causal role of the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ). However, it is not known whether such embodied factors are maintained in older adults or whether rTPJ-tDCS has comparable effects in advanced age. We employed a balanced and sham-tDCS controlled, double-blinded, cross-over design, including two randomized experimental groups of healthy older adults, receiving focal tDCS over either the rTPJ (n = 30), or a control region in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC, n = 30). A healthy young control group (n = 30, not receiving tDCS) was included to investigate potential changes in embodied processing in older adults. All groups completed neuropsychological baseline testing and an experimental VPT paradigm, in which perspective-taking (requiring embodied rotation) and perspective-tracking (line-of-sight judgements) were assessed. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired to conduct individualized current flow simulations, aimed at identifying potential changes in neurophysiological effects of tDCS in older adults. Older adults responded slower across perspective tracking and perspective taking tasks but showed comparable embodied effects of body posture and angle of rotation during perspective taking. Contrary to previous results in younger adults that demonstrated regionally and task-specific effects of focal rTPJ-tDCS, no stimulation effects on embodied processing were found in older adults. Electrical field simulations suggested focal current delivery in both age-groups but also significantly reduced current strength in the target regions for tDCS in older adults. Older adults are as embodied as young adults during perspective taking. However, tDCS administered to the rTPJ or dmPFC had no effect, which may be explained by reduced current delivery to the target regions due to age-associated changes in skull and brain anatomy and/or functional brain reorganization. Our results are in line with previous studies suggesting that tDCS effects obtained in young participants may not translate directly to advanced age. Future studies could address this by using individualized modelling approaches aimed at adjusting current dose for (older) study participants and pre-stimulation functional imaging involving VPT tasks-of-interest, to identify optimized target regions for tDCS.
Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04633499.