bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total hip arthroplasty after Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease
Authors: Abdelkhalek Mostafa S. , Ahmed Moheib , Ali Ayman M. 
Published: November 2021

Background
Patients who have hip osteoarthritis secondary to Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease (LCPD) have deformities of the acetabulum and femoral head; few studies have presented the outcome and risks associated with total hip arthroplasty (THA) for patients with a history of LCPD.

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the results and complications associated with THA for LCPD.

Patients and methods
Thirty-four patients with secondary hip osteoarthritis as a sequelae of LCPD underwent cementless THA. Their average age was 38.7 years old (range: 26–65 years old), while the average follow-up period was 6.5 years (range: 5–10 years). The patients were evaluated clinically (using the Harris hip score) and radiologically.

Results
The Harris hip score improved from 48.2 points preoperatively to 92.8 points at the time of the last follow-up. The shortening of the affected limb has improved from −1.6 to 0.2 cm. The complications included three cases of intraoperative femur fractures and three cases of sciatic nerve palsy that developed after extensive lengthening of the lower limb. Patients with a history of previous childhood hip surgery were significantly younger at the time of arthroplasty when compared with patients who were treated nonoperatively (P=0.0006).

Conclusion
Hip arthroplasty showed good outcomes in patients with LCPD at an average of 6 years follow-up. Intraoperative fractures and nerve injuries are common. Caution should be taken while restoring leg length as stretching the sciatic nerve may result in a permanent deficit.
Comparative Analysis of BIOCHIP Mosaic-based Indirect Immunofluorescence with Direct Immunofluorescence in Diagnosis of Autoimmune Bullous Diseases
Authors: Arunprasath P , Rai Reena , Venkataswamy Chaitra 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBD) are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by autoantibodies against desmosomal proteins in the pemphigus group of disorders and adhesion molecules of the dermal-epidermal junction in pemphigoid group of diseases. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) establishes the diagnosis of AIBD by demonstrating intercellular deposits of IgG and C3 in case of pemphigus and linear deposits of IgG and C3 along the basement membrane zone (BMZ) in bullous pemphigoid (BP). BIOCHIP mosaic-based indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), a novel diagnostic approach employs detection of characteristic staining pattern and target antigens in a single miniature incubation field.

Aim:
To compare the BIOCHIP mosaic-based IIF with DIF in the diagnosis of AIBD.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 40 patients of AIBD in the active phase of the disease were included in the study. Skin biopsy was done in these patients for DIF study and serum was subjected to BIOCHIP mosaic-based IIF assay. The results were then compared.

Results:
DIF revealed a diagnosis of Pemphigus in 18 patients and BP in 22 patients. BIOCHIP showed a diagnosis of pemphigus in 18 patients, BP in 18 patients and floor pattern staining in four patients, which could be attributed to any of the floor pattern staining subepidermal blistering disease.

Limitations:
Small sample size, lack of control group and no comparison made with ELISA.

Conclusion:
This study concludes that the result of BIOCHIP shows correlation with the DIF and can be used as a first line-screening tool in the diagnosis of AIBD.
INFLUENCE OF MULTICHANNEL SUPPLY CHAINS NETWORKS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED RETAIL FASHION OUTLETS IN NAIROBI
Authors: Kinyanjui Margaret , Ngugi Mr. Karanja 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The general objective of this study was to investigate the influence of multichannel retailing networks on the performance of selected fashion outlets in Nairobi.Methodology: The researcher used a descriptive research design, and the population and area of study was drawn from sampled outlets within Nairobi. The studies adopted stratified random sampling technique from the target population, as well as carried out a pilot study to pretest and validate the questionnaire. Multiple regression models were used to find out the importance of each of the four variables with reverence to the influence of multichannel retailing networks on the performance of selected fashion outlets in Nairobi.Results: Data analysis revealed that shopping experience was important in explaining performance. This is supported by a p value of 0.01 which means that shopping experience is a statistically significant predictor of performance. Findings also revealed that distribution channel is important in determining performance as demonstrated by a p value of 0.00 and a beta coefficient of 0.468.this implied that distribution channel was a statistically significant predictor of performance. Findings also indicated that organization structure was important in determining performance as demonstrated by a p value of 0.000 and a beta coefficient of 0.352. Findings reveal that capital was important in explaining performance. This was supported by a p value of 0.03 and a beta coefficient of 0.107 which means that capital was a statistically significant predictor of performance.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that the management of retail fashion outlets in Nairobi to conduct a market survey in order to establish the optimal shopping experience levels in order to reach out to more customers’ and hence achieve high performance.
Improvement of river network representation in Africa: application of an approach based on digital elevation data and environmental characteristics
Authors: Belemtougri Axel P. , Ducharne Agnès , Karambiri Harouna 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. In many continental databases representing rivers across Africa, information on rivers characteristics (length, width, intermittent or perennial) is often incomplete, and small streams are largely underrepresented. Fortunately, the use of topographic information from digital elevation models (DEMs) provides an opportunity to have more detailed information on rivers, particularly small streams in broad areas. A common approach to extract streams from DEM is to consider as a stream all DEM cells that drain at least a certain upstream surface, commonly known as the minimum contributing area (Amin). This parameter (Amin) is generally defined uniformly over large areas and this independently of the very variable climate and landscape conditions so that the generated streams have a rather uniform spatial distribution. To address this issue, using a 3′′ (approx. 90 m × 90 m) DEM of Burkina Faso, the relationship between Amin and the observed drainage density (Ddobs) was established with satisfactory performance (r2=0.86). In ongoing work, the functional relationship between the observed drainage densities (Ddobs) and environmental variables (lithology, climate, geology, vegetation cover) should allow for the establishment of the relationships between Amin and the environmental variables. This relationship allows for spatially variable Amin values depending on landscape characteristics. Before extracting river networks in Africa, the next step will be to validate or update these relationships in several countries.
Evaluation de deux méthodes de correction de biais des sorties de modèles climatiques régionaux Cordex-Africa pour la prévision des pluies : cas du bassin côtier oranais
Authors: Taïbi Sabrina , Zeroual Ayoub , Melhani Naziha 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Ce travail vise à évaluer les pluies simulées
issues des sorties de modèles climatiques régionaux Cordex-Africa
dans le bassin côtier oranais en Algérie. Pour cela les simulations
du modèle RCA4 (Rossby Centre Atmosphere model, version 4) forcé par deux modèles de circulation globale (MPI-ESM-LR et CNRM-CM5) sous
deux scenarios de forçages radiatifs «Representative Concentration
Pathways» (RCPs) RCP 4.5 et RCP 8.5 sont comparées aux pluies
observées au niveau de cinq stations pluviométriques, au cours de la
période de contrôle 1981–2005 à l'échelle mensuelle. Les
données futures simulées sont ensuite corrigées à l'aide de
deux méthodes de correction de biais, à savoir, la méthode
quantile-quantile et la méthode Delta, afin de mieux analyser leur
évolution au cours de la période de projection 2075–2099. Les
coefficients d'échange estimés au cours de la période 2075–2099
montrent que les simulations corrigées par la méthode Delta sont
moins biaisées que les simulations corrigées par la méthode
quantile-quantile. L'analyse de l'évolution future des pluies met en
évidence une réduction de −12 % à −38 % d'ici la fin du
21ème siècle selon le RCP 4.5. Cette réduction qui
est encore plus importante selon le scénario pessimiste RCP 8.5, risque
d'affecter la disponibilité des ressources en eau dans la région qui
a connu par le passé une période de sècheresse sévère et
persistante. Enfin, cette étude peut être utilisée comme outil
d'aide à la décision destiné aux parties prenantes de la gestion
intégrée des ressources en eau et de l'agriculture. Néanmoins,
pour une meilleure appréciation des impacts socio-économiques, une
étude plus approfondie en considérant plusieurs modèles
climatiques et d'autres paramètres climatiques, est recommandée.
The UNESCO FRIEND-Water program: accelerates, shares and transfers knowledge and innovation in hydrology across the world in the frame of the Intergovernmental Hydrological Program (IHP)
Authors: Mahé Gil , Abdo Gamal , Amoussou Ernest , Brou Telesphore , Dietrich Stephan , El Tayeb Ahmed , van Lanen Henny , Meddi Mohamed , Mishra Anil , Orange Didier , Quynh Le Thi Phuong , Tshimanga Raphael , Valimba Patrick , Yepez Santiago , Ogilvie Andrew , Amrouni Oula 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The FRIEND-Water program (FWP) is the oldest and the most
transverse program (i.e. Flagship Initiative) within the Hydrological
Intergovernmental Program (IHP) from UNESCO. FRIEND means “Flow Regimes
from International and Experimental Network Data”. The FWP is dedicated to
allow large communities of hydrologists and associated disciplines to
collaborate across borders on common shared data and scientific topics which
are addressed through large world regions. The program has evolved in its 35
years of existence. There are 8 large regions in the world which gather
tenths of hundreds of researchers, and organize events following several
research topics defined according to each region priorities. The FWP is
chaired by a scientific committee gathering regional coordinators and
thematic experts. Each region gives its research priorities which evolve
according to the projections given by the member States during the IHP
council every year. The future activities of the FWP are defined by the
upcoming IHP IX program and with the support of the newly created
Montpellier UNESCO Category II Center ICIREWARD, acting as FWP Secretariat.
Gliosarcoma: presentación de un caso y hallazgos por tomografía y resonancia magnética convencional y tractografía
Authors: Díaz Escareño Marco Antonio , Flores Dávila Karla , Cotes Millán Jesús Alexander , Maciel Fierro Abril Elena , Zavala Patoni Berenice , Hop García Katia , Arenas Rivera Vicente 
Published: November 2021

El gliosarcoma es un tumor raro del sistema nervioso central y de alto grado de malignidad. La OMS lo clasifica como variante del glioblastoma (grado IV) y es de mal pronóstico. Histológicamente se caracteriza por tener componentes gliales y mesenquimatosos. El cuadro clínico varía dependiendo de su localización y tamaño, los signos y síntomas más frecuentes son convulsiones, cefalea y déficit neurológico focal. El acercamiento diagnóstico inicial es la tomografía computarizada que aporta datos de sospecha; sin embargo, la resonancia magnética constituye el pilar diagnóstico, con importantes elementos de diagnóstico que se vuelven más significativos con el uso de secuencias funcionales como la tractografía. Se presenta un caso clínico con revisión de la literatura y los hallazgos más significativos en los estudios de imagen.
“Please Let me Use Google Translate”: Thai EFL Students’ Behavior and Attitudes toward Google Translate Use in English Writing
Authors: Chompurach Wichuta 
Published: November 2021

The present study aims to investigate how Thai EFL university students use Google Translate (GT) in English writing, how they post-edit (PE) its outputs, and how they view GT use in English writing. The participants were 15 third-year non-English major students from three universities in Thailand. The data collection tools were an interview and two writing assignments. After the data analysis, the findings revealed the students&rsquo; behavior of GT use and their output PE as well as their attitudes toward GT use in English writing. The results reported the students always used GT in completing writing tasks at both sentence and paragraph levels, and most students did PE the outputs before applying them. However, a few students used the outputs with no PE because they trusted in GT more than they did in themselves. Regarding the PE level, the students intended to address lexical and syntax errors, so their correcting covered the light level. The results also revealed mixed messages in their attitudes toward GT use in English writing. Most students viewed GT as a helpful, reliable assistant enhancing their writing quality, but some raw GT outputs of phrases, idioms, long sentences, and paragraphs were found incomprehensible. Also, the students acquired some bad habits from using GT. However, most students disagreed with not being allowed to use GT in English writing. The study recommended language teachers to provide Thai EFL students adequate instructions for the effective use of GT and its output PE.
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Vybrané metody využívané v praxi při posuzování úvěruschopnosti spotřebitele
Authors: Stančík Martin 
Published: November 2021

This paper deals in detail with the issue of assessing the creditworthiness of consumers. The aim of the paper is to point out not entirely clear requirements of the law and to focus on the economic and other non-legal methods that are applied in practice applied when assessing the creditworthiness of consumers.
Zrušení daně z nabytí nemovitých věcí a jeho dopad na ekonomiku státu
Authors: Papavasilevská Sandra 
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with a topic including the abolition of the tax on the acquisition of immovable property and its impact on the state economy. Although the tax on the acquisition of immovable property was abolished in September 2020, there are still many unanswered questions about the repeal. One of the main objectives of the contribution is to answer the question of why and, if so, on what grounds the cancellation was made at the most inopportune moment, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The contribution will, inter alia, address tax theory, in particular in relation to trasnfer taxes, by comparing them, including the abolition of the tax on the acquisition of immovable property itself. An integral part of this will be to look at the effectiveness of abolishing this tax and to make at least substantial assertions as to why such a repeal did not take place either sooner or later, and in particular what effect it will have on the overall economy of the state, which is already facing a burden on the state budget due to the pandemic situation.
Restless Legs Syndrome Severity and Cognitive Function in Adults With Multiple Sclerosis: An Exploratory Pilot Study
Authors: Cederberg Katie L.J. , Mathison Brianna , Schuetz Morgan L. , Motl Robert W. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sleep disorder present in as many as 26% of persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) and can be associated with cognitive function. The present study examined the relationships between RLS symptoms (severity, frequency, occurrence) and cognitive function in adults with MS who have RLS.

METHODS
Twenty-two participants attended 1 laboratory session and completed the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group Rating Scale (IRLS), the Restless Legs Syndrome-6 Scale, and then the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis battery consisting of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test; California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition; and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test–Revised.

RESULTS
Nonparametric bivariate correlations indicated that worse IRLS total severity was associated with slower processing speed (ρ = −0.42), worse verbal memory (ρ = −0.63), and worse visual memory (ρ = −0.61); worse RLS severity at falling asleep was associated with worse verbal memory (ρ = −0.45) and worse visual memory (ρ = −0.55); and worse RLS severity during the day while active was associated with slower processing speed (ρ = −0.58), worse verbal memory (ρ = −0.52), and worse visual memory (ρ = −0.60).

CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that those with more severe RLS, including worse symptoms at falling asleep and during the day while active, might experience worse cognitive function, particularly processing speed and memory. Future research should evaluate whether treatment of RLS symptoms can offer new opportunities for managing cognitive dysfunction in adults with MS.
“An Infinite and Endless Liar”: Paroles as a Case Study of the Pragmatics of Lying in Shakespeare
Authors: Beville Aoife 
Published: November 2021

Lying is part of our life and part of our literary canon, the choice to lie, not lie or almost lie is both a moral and linguistic one. In the present paper lying, and related concepts such as deliberate obfuscation and deceptive implicatures, will be examined from a pragmatic, specifically neo-Gricean perspective. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of deception in the process of characterisation, with a particular focus on the form and function of the mendacious language of Paroles, the “infinite and endless liar” in All’s Well That Ends Well. Following the analysis of current pragmatic definitions of lying, this article proposes a distinction between Off-Record Verbal Deception (ORVD) and prototypical lies in the analysis of textual examples, in order to understand how these strategic linguistic choices affect the construction of character.
Reality Media
Authors: Bolter Jay David , Engberg Maria , MacIntyre Blair 
Published: November 2021

How augmented reality and virtual reality are taking their places in contemporary media culture alongside film and television.
This book positions augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) firmly in contemporary media culture. The authors view AR and VR not as the latest hyped technologies but as media—the latest in a series of what they term “reality media,” taking their place alongside film and television. Reality media inserts a layer of media between us and our perception of the world; AR and VR do not replace reality but refashion a reality for us. Each reality medium mediates and remediates; each offers a new representation that we implicitly compare to our experience of the world in itself but also through other media.
The authors show that as forms of reality media emerge, they not only chart a future path for media culture, but also redefine media past. With AR and VR in mind, then, we can recognize their precursors in eighteenth-century panoramas and the Broadway lights of the 1930s. A digital version of Reality Media, available through the book's website, invites readers to visit a series of virtual rooms featuring interactivity, 3-D models, videos, images, and texts that explore the themes of the book.
Circular RNA RBM33 contributes to extracellular matrix degradation via miR-4268/EPHB2 axis in abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Wang Shizhi , Yuan Qingwen , Zhao Wenpeng , Zhou Weimin 
Published: November 2021

Background
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex vascular disease involving expansion of the abdominal aorta. Extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation is crucial to AAA pathogenesis, however, the specific molecular mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate differentially expressed circular RNAs (DEcircRNAs) involved in ECM degradation of AAA.

Methods
Transcriptome sequencing was used to analyze the DEcircRNAs between the AAA tissues and normal tissues. The expression of circRNAs in tissues and cells was validated using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). Overexpression of circRNAs in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) treated with angiotensin II (Ang II) was employed to explore its effect on ECM degradation of AAA. Bioinformatic technology, luciferase reporter gene assay, RT-qPCR, and rescue experiment were employed to evaluate the regulatory mechanism of circRNA.

Results
We identified 65 DEcircRNAs in AAA tissues compared with normal abdominal aortic tissues, including 30 up-regulated and 35 down-regulated circRNAs, which were mainly involved in inflammation and ECM-related functions and pathways. Moreover, circRBM33 was significantly increased in AAA tissues and Ang II-induced VSMCs compared with control samples. Overexpression of circRBM33 increased the expression of ECM-related molecule matrix metalloproteinase-2 and reduced the tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 expression. Mechanistically, miR-4268 targeted binding to circRBM33 and inhibited the luciferase activity of circRBM33. Overexpression of circRBM33 induced the expression of EPH receptor B2 (EPHB2), and this effect was countered by miR-4268 mimics.

Conclusions
Overall, our data suggest that circRBM33 might be involved in AAA progression by regulating ECM degradation via the miR-4268/EPHB2 axis.
Language Contents of Modules and Grade 7-10 Students’ Engagement during the COVID 19
Authors: L. Cossid Ruschelle 
Published: November 2021

Aims: To determine the relationship between modules’ language contents and students learning engagement during the COVID 19
Study Design: Descriptive-correlational
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Bato National High School, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur from February to June 2021.
Methodology: This research used the stratified random sampling. It involved 258 Grades 7-10 students. It utilized adopted questionnaires developed by Vergara (2017), Fredericks et al. (2005) and Moore and Lippman (2005).
Results: The level of language contents of the modules in English gained an overall mean of 4.05 (SD=0.94) described as “high.” All components under language contents had rated high as follows: presentation (4.05), communication style (4.07), assessment (4.05) and content (3.92). On the other hand, the level of student engagement gained an overall mean score of 3.96 (SD = 1.06) with a verbal description of “highly engaged.” All components under students engagement had rated high as follows: behavioral engagement (4.19), emotional engagement (4.04), and cognitive engagement (3.65). The tested hypothesis gained an r value of 0.633, and a p-value of 0.00 which is less than 0.01, the alpha level of significance is denoting a strong positive correlation between the level of language contents of the modules and engagement of students. Hence, it determined that there was a significant relationship between language content of the modules and engagement of students.
Conclusion: Although all variables in the contents of the modules and engagement are rated high and highly engaged respectively, specific statements which are within the border of often and seldom may be given attention. Moreover, the findings of this research shows significant relationship between language content of modules and students’ engagement may allow the module developers to consider that quality of modules is more relevant than quantity and that meaningful activities promote learners’ engagement.