bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O TURISMO NO PARÁ E A COVID-19: DIVERSIDADE ECONÔMICA E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS REGIONAIS A PARTIR DO IMPACTO DA PANDEMIA
Authors: Tavares Maria Goretti Da Costa , Serra Hugo Rogério Hage , Da Silva Sandra Maria Sousa , Chaves Ágila Flaviana Alves Chaves Flaviana Alves Chaves , Barreto Elcivânia De Oliveira , Farias Kássia Suelen Da Silva , De Castro Milene de Cássia Santos , Paz Izabela Rodrigues 
Published: July 2021

No Estado do Pará, a diversidade territorial fez com que a Covid-19 impactasse a ativi-dade turística de forma diferenciada em suas sub-regiões. Neste sentido, levando-se em consideração uma abordagem da produção do espaço turístico, em contexto pandêmico, este artigo analisa as particularidades do impacto da Covid-19 nas seguintes regiões tu-rísticas paraenses referentes ao ano de 2020: Região Metropolitana de Belém, Região dos Campos do Marajó, Região Baixo Tapajós e Região Carajás. Nessas quatro regiões selecionadas são apresentados os impactos da Covid-19 nos fluxos de transportes e atra-tivos na região, no caso da Região do Tapajós; as contradições da pandemia da Covid-19 na região do Carajás, no que se refere aos dados de restaurantes e outros estabeleci-mentos de serviços de alimentação e bebidas e hotéis; e para a região Metropolitana de Belém e dos Campos Marajó são apresentados os impactos nos empregos no setor de Hospedagem, assim como na movimentação na atividade de organização de eventos. E, por fim, os principais impactos da pandemia apontados pelos agentes entrevistados nes-sas duas últimas regiões. A partir de dados estatísticos de instituições que fazem levan-tamento de informações periódicas, conclui-se que em todas as regiões selecionadas para análise dos impactos do turismo, ocorreu um significativo endividamento do setor du-rante o ano de 2020 a despeito das medidas adotadas pelo Estado para dirimir esses impactos. Nesse sentindo, o baixo nível de capital dos estabelecimentos e a falta de pre-visão de retomada total das atividades dos agentes do setor tem inviabilizado a retoma-da do turismo no território paraense.
High-efficiency smooth pseudo-random path planning for restraining the path ripple of robotic polishing
Authors: Li Hanjie , Li Xuyu , Wan Songlin , Wei Chaoyang , Shao Jianda 
Published: August 2021

Computer-controlled subaperture polishing technology is limited by its propensity to introduce midspatial frequency (MSF) error (ripple error), which significantly inhibits the performance improvement of optical systems. The pseudo-random polishing path is an important method for suppressing MSF error. However, a pseudo-random path that ensures both path smoothness and planning efficiency is difficult to generate. This paper proposes a novel, to the best of our knowledge, pseudo-random path planning method employing a reconstructive points algorithm that efficiently achieves full coverage of the workpiece under massive sampling points at once. Moreover, the generation time for millions of path points is reduced to less than 3 minutes. Additionally, a path modification method is proposed that achieves smooth processing on a machine tool with few additional path points; the vibration magnitude under the proposed smooth path can be reduced to 0.749 g (gravity acceleration), which is the same as that of a raster path. A precise speed management method is also proposed to ensure precise surface error corrections. Overall, the experimental results show that the peak valley of the form error can be converted to

0.115

λ

using the proposed algorithm without introducing a periodic MSF error.
Integrated nanophotonic optical diodes designed by genetic algorithms
Authors: Zhu Xiaodong , Zhang Mingda , Li Xuemei , Yang Yibiao , Fei Hongming , Cao Binzhao , Liu Xin , Zhao Xiaodan 
Published: August 2021

Integrable nanophotodiode devices have attracted much research interest in recent years because of their potential applications in all-optical computing and optical communication systems. We propose a new optical diode design scheme. We use genetic algorithms (GAs) to design an optical diode, which has a device footprint of only

2.5

×

2.5

µ

m

2

. These devices designed by GA have the ability to achieve high-efficiency unidirectional transmission. Simulations show the forward transmission efficiency can reach higher than 65% for a Gaussian beam between the wavelengths of 1400 and 1600 nm, and the peak transmission efficiency reaches 75%. The transmission contrast at the design wavelength between 1500 and 1600 nm is higher than 90%, which meets the requirements of high unidirectionality, wide operational bandwidth, and small scale. The devices have more advantages for optical diodes compared with structures designed by photonic crystals and gratings. The application of this scheme provides a new idea for the design and research of all-optical diodes in the field of optical communication.
Kidney organoids generated from erythroid progenitors cells of patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Facioli Roberta , Lojudice Fernando Henrique , Anauate Ana Carolina , Maquigussa Edgar , Nishiura José Luiz , Heilberg Ita Pfeferman , Sogayar Mari Cleide , Boim Mirian Aparecida 
Published: August 2021

Background
Kidney organoids have been broadly obtained from commercially available induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs); however, it has been a great challenge to efficiently produce renal organoid models from patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) that recapitulate both embryogenesis and the mechanisms of cystogenesis.

Methods
Blood erythroid progenitors (EPs) from two ADPKD patients and one healthy donor (HC) was used as a comparative control to normalize the many technical steps for reprogramming EPs and for the organoids generation. EPs were reprogrammed by an episomal vector into iPSCs, which were differentiated into renal tubular organoids and then stimulated by forskolin to induce cysts formation.

Results
iPSCs derived from EPs exhibited all characteristics of pluripotency and were able to differentiate into all three germ layers. 3D tubular organoids were generated from single cells after 28 days in Matrigel. HC and ADPKD organoids did not spontaneously form cysts, but upon forskolin stimulation, cysts-like structures were observed in the ADPKD organoids but not in the HC-derived organoids.

Conclusion
The findings of this study showed that kidney organoids were successfully generated from the blood EP cells of ADPKD patients and a healthy control donor. This approach should contribute as a powerful tool for embryonic kidney development model, which is able to recapitulate the very early pathophysiological mechanisms involved in cytogenesis.
“Existimos”: Health and social needs of transgender men in Lima, Peru
Authors: Reisner Sari L. , Silva-Santisteban Alfonso , Salazar Ximena , Vilela Jesse , D’Amico Lynne , Perez-Brumer Amaya 
Published: August 2021

Background
The health of transgender men (trans men)–individuals who identify as men and were assigned a female sex assigned at birth–is overlooked globally. This mixed-methods exploratory study sought to understand the lived experiences, health, and social needs of trans men in Lima, Peru to bring visibility to specific health needs and inform responsive and holistic public health efforts.

Methods
Between July 2016-January 2017, 46 trans men in Lima, Peru participated in a mixed-methods study. Four focus group discussions were conducted, complemented with 10 one-on-one interviews to explore in-depth issues that arose in groups. Two individuals participated in both a focus group and an interview. All participants completed a brief survey assessing sociodemographic characteristics and experiences with healthcare, mental health, and stigma. Audio files were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using an immersion crystallization approach to identify themes.

Results
Participants had a mean age of 24 years (range 18–48). Trans men reported a lack of awareness and information among medical providers, avoidance of healthcare due to discrimination and maltreatment, an absence of public services for medical gender affirmation (hormones, surgeries), and unmet mental health needs. Trans men described health as multidimensional and influenced by social, economic, and legal contexts including family, school, employment and work, legal identity recognition, discrimination in public spaces, and peer support. Violence, stigma, and intersecting forms of oppression were described as limiting social and legal recognition of trans identity a central dimension of health. Peer support, often in an online environment, was described as important to resistance and well-being.

Conclusions
Findings demonstrate that the physical and mental health of trans men, as well as unmet needs for healthcare services, are influenced by a complex set of social, economic, and legal challenges due to the social exclusion of trans people in Peruvian society. Results are a call to action for stakeholders in Peru to guarantee the rights, health, and wellbeing of this community.
Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions for people with dementia and mild cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis and implications for future research
Authors: Nagaoka Maki , Hashimoto Zenta , Takeuchi Hiroyoshi , Sado Mitsuhiro 
Published: August 2021

Objective
To assess the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on people with dementia and mild cognitive impairment.

Methods
We searched several electronic databases, namely Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and MEDLINE with no limitations for language or document type (last search: 1 February 2020). Randomized controlled trials of mindfulness-based interventions for people with dementia and mild cognitive impairment compared to active-control interventions, waiting lists, or treatment as usual were included. Predefined outcomes were anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, cognitive function, quality of life, mindfulness, ADL and attrition. We used the random effects model (DerSimonian-Laird method) for meta-analysis, reporting effect sizes as Standardized Mean Difference. Heterogeneity was assessed with the I2 statistics.

Results
Eight randomized controlled trials, involving 276 patients, met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. We found no significant effects for mindfulness-based interventions in either the short-term or the medium- to long-term on any outcomes, when compared with control conditions. The number of included studies and sample sizes were too small. Additionally, the quality of evidence was low for each randomized controlled trial included in the analysis. This is primarily due to lack of intent-to-treat analysis, high risk of bias, and imprecise study results. The limited statistical power and weak body of evidence prevented us from reaching firm conclusions.

Conclusions
We found no significant effects of mindfulness-based interventions on any of the outcomes when compared with control conditions. The evidence concerning the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in this population is scarce in terms of both quality and quantity. More well-designed, rigorous, and large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed.
Screening and treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia in a French sample of ambulatory care patients: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Ferrières Jean , Banks Victoria , Pillas Demetris , Giorgianni Francesco , Gantzer Laurene , Lekens Beranger , Ricci Lea , Dova-Boivin Margaux , Chauny Jean-Vannak , Villa Guillermo , Désaméricq Gaelle 
Published: August 2021

Background and aims
Untreated Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) leads to premature morbidity and mortality. In France, its epidemiology and management are understudied in ambulatory care. We described the clinical profile, pharmacological management, and clinical outcomes in a French sample of FH patients.

Methods
This was a retrospective longitudinal study on patients from The Health Improvement Network (THIN®) database in France, between October 2016-June 2019. Patients ≥18 years, with probable/definite FH based on the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) criteria were included. Baseline characteristics, lipid profile, lipid-lowering therapy (LLT), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) goal achievement; and disease management at 6-month of follow-up were analyzed.

Results
116 patients with probable (n = 70)/definite (n = 46) FH were included (mean age:57.8±14.0 years; 56.0% women; 9.5% with personal history of cardiovascular events); 90 patients had data available at follow-up. At baseline, 77.6% of patients had LDL-C>190 mg/dL, 27.6% were not receiving LLTs, 37.9% received statins alone, 20.7% statins with other LLTs, and 7.7% other LLTs. High-intensity statins were prescribed to 11.2% of patients, 30.2% received moderate-intensity statins, and 8.6% low-intensity statins. Only 6.0% of patients achieved LDL-C goal. At 6-month of follow-up, statins discontinuation and switching were 22.7% and 2.3%, respectively. None of the patients received proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors at baseline nor follow-up.

Conclusions
Despite the existence of effective LLTs, FH patients are suboptimally-treated, do not achieve LDL-C goal, and exhibit worsened pharmacological management over time. Future studies with longer follow-up periods and assessment of factors affecting LDL-C management, including lifestyle and diet, are needed.
Integrated care pathways in neurosurgery: A systematic review
Authors: Lee Keng Siang , Yordanov Stefan , Stubbs Daniel , Edlmann Ellie , Joannides Alexis , Davies Benjamin 
Published: August 2021

Introduction
Integrated care pathways (ICPs) are a pre-defined framework of evidence based, multidisciplinary practice for specific patients. They have the potential to enhance continuity of care, patient safety, patient satisfaction, efficiency gains, teamwork and staff education. In order to inform the development of neurosurgical ICPs in the future, we performed a systematic review to aggregate examples of neurosurgical ICP, to consider their impact and design features that may be associated with their success.

Methods
Electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were searched for relevant literature published from date of inception to July 2020. Primary studies reporting details of neurosurgical ICPs, across all pathologies and age groups were eligible for inclusion. Patient outcomes in each case were also recorded.

Results
Twenty-four studies were included in our final dataset, from the United States, United Kingdom, Italy, China, Korea, France, Netherlands and Switzerland, and a number of sub-specialties. 3 for cerebrospinal fluid diversion, 1 functional, 2 neurovascular, 1 neuro-oncology, 2 paediatric, 2 skull base, 10 spine, 1 for trauma, 2 miscellaneous (other craniotomies). All were single centre studies with no regional or national examples. Thirteen were cohort studies while 11 were case series which lacked a control group. Effectiveness was typically evaluated using hospital or professional performance metrics, such as length of stay (n = 11, 45.8%) or adverse events (n = 17, 70.8%) including readmission, surgical complications and mortality. Patient reported outcomes, including satisfaction, were evaluated infrequently (n = 3, 12.5%). All studies reported a positive impact. No study reported how the design of the ICP was informed by published literature or other methods

Conclusions
ICPs have been successfully developed across numerous neurosurgical sub-specialities. However, there is often a lack of clarity over their design and weaknesses in their evaluation, including an underrepresentation of the patient’s perspective.
The risky temptation of wanting to be the Legislator of the Language
Authors: Niccolai Silvia 
Published: August 2021

Criticizing the modern, rationalistic temptation to legislate on language, this article argues that issues of 'political correctness' are an aspect of the eternal problem of definitions in law. This problem has in its turn profound connections, on the one hand, with the need, entirely human, for a correct (not one-sided or arbitrary) relationship with reality; and, on the other hand, with the insidious attempt – which is all the same typically human – to deny reality, with its conflicts and ambiguities, and to replace it with a false, less challenging reality of 'objective' certainties. In law, the problem of definitions has historically followed many and different itineraries; this article briefly traces some, trying to show that the ideal of an objective definition – an ideal epitomized in the 'norm' idealized by legal positivism – has always co-existed, in the legal experience, with the different ideal of a subjective definition (dialectical, controversial, negative, refutative), of which the ancient maxims of equity, the regulae iuris, offer a model. The problem of legal definitions in law is then a matter of forms of reason that confront each other throughout the history of law, the one investing on a calculating and instrumental rationality, the other relying on a more porous and flexible reason. In the legacy of this second point of view – which, the article maintains, has more than one analogy with the paths of contemporary Feminist 'Radical' Thought – antidotes can be found to the temptation to legislate on language, which is risky. If objectivity tries to suppress subjectivity, in fact, this is in the name of the illusion, that problems that trouble the human conditions can be fixed, defined, solved once and for all. It is instead the open texture of these problems, which cannot be defined once and for all, that encourages the work of language and thought. And these latter are the resources for a living together really capable of freedom and equality, of change and future.
Diferencias sectoriales y regionales de la recesión económica motivadas por la pandemia de la COVID-19 en México y medidas de política pública para enfrentarla
Authors: Gasca Zamora José 
Published: August 2021

A partir de las medidas extraordinarias que en México implementó el Gobierno Federal para mitigar la propagación de contagios causados por la pandemia de la COVID-19, se suspendieron actividades productivas consideradas no esenciales, ello repercutió en la contracción de la economía. Diversos organismos han estimado la magnitud de este comportamiento recesivo mediante indicadores agregados a nivel nacional, sin embargo, poco se conoce cómo afectó este proceso al interior del país.
Ámbitos espaciales en la escala subnacional, como estados o municipios, presentaron afectaciones diferenciales debido a que sus estructuras productivas actuaron como moduladoras del grado en que los sectores interrumpieron sus operaciones. Sin embargo, otras condiciones internas y externas a las empresas también funcionaron como factores recesivos, tales como su mayor composición de trabajo presencial, su integración a cadenas globales de valor o su dependencia de mercados internacionales.
Este trabajo tiene un doble propósito, por una parte, evaluar el descenso de la actividad económica de las entidades federativas de México y sus sectores durante el periodo de mayores restricciones impuestas a la operación de las empresas en el 2020. En segundo lugar, analizar las medidas que emprendieron los gobiernos estatales para amortiguar los efectos que provocó esta situación. El estudio contribuye a develar los factores asociados a la vulnerabilidad de los ámbitos territoriales que se analizan y las capacidades de respuesta institucionales frente a eventos disruptivos como la COVID-19 o similares.
Národní odborné časopisy a analýza H-indexu členů jejich redakčních rad
Authors: Novotný Petr , Janštová Vanda , Schubertová Romana , Kotvaltová Sezemská Karolína 
Published: August 2021

Národní časopisy jsou důležitým prostředkem pro pěstování dialogu o směřování jednotlivých oborů. Členové redakčních rad těchto časopisů mohou ovlivnit kodifikaci měřítek prací publikovaných v daném oboru, bývají proto označováni jako gatekeepers, tedy „strážci brány vybírající, který obsah a forma vědeckého sdělení jsou přijatelné“. Abychom si vytvořili alespoň přibližnou představu o složení redakčních rad, můžeme využít scientometrické údaje. Ačkoli jsou obdobné analýzy u zahraničních periodik běžné, v našem národním prostředí jsme takovou studii nedohledali. U modelového souboru českých a slovenských časopisů z oblasti pedagogiky a didaktiky biologie jsme proto v databázi WOS vyhledali H-index členů redakčních rad a porovnali domácí a zahraniční členy z pohledu tohoto kritéria. H-index se nám podařilo dohledat u většiny domácích a zahraničních členů, neúplnost dat byla způsobena nejednoznačností interpretace a přiřazení dat dostupných v databázi WOS.
Mezi některými časopisy jsme prokázali statisticky významné rozdíly v H-skóre (průměrný H-index členů redakčních rad), pro tuto analýzu jsme použili Kruskalův–Wallisův testu. Pomocí Mannova–Whitneyho U-testu jsme ukázali, že faktor indexace časopisu v databázi Scopus nemá signifikantní vliv na H-skóre časopisu. Příspěvek zahraničních členů redakčních rad k H-skóre časopisu byl, v porovnání s příspěvkem domácích členů, signifikantně vyšší pouze u tří časopisů, u ostatních byl příspěvek domácích a zahraničních členů vyrovnaný (zde jsme použili Pearsonův chí-kvadrát test).
Mezi některými časopisy jsme prokázali statisticky významné rozdíly v H-skóre (průměrný H-index členů redakčních rad), pro tuto analýzu jsme použili Kruskalův-Wallisův testu. Pomocí Mannova-Whitneyho U testu jsme ukázali, že faktor indexace časopisu v databázi Scopus nemá signifikantní vliv na H-skóre časopisu. Příspěvek zahraničních členů redakčních rad k H-skóre časopisu byl, v porovnání s příspěvkem domácích členů, signifikantně vyšší pouze u tří časopisů, u ostatních byl příspěvek domácích a zahraničních členů vyrovnaný (zde jsme použili Pearsonův chí-kvadrát test).
Numerical study on heat transfer and flow characteristics of nanofluids in a circular tube with trapezoid ribs
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Bo , Cui Lanhua , Zheng Hongwei , Klemeš Jiří Jaromír , Wang Jin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study aims to investigate heat transfer and flow characteristics of ethylene glycol/water (EGW) and CuO–EGW nanofluids in circular tubes with and without trapezoid ribs. Nusselt number and friction factor in tubes with trapezoid ribs are analysed under a constant heat flux by changing rib bottom angles. This study compares the convective heat transfer coefficients of 6 vol.% CuO–EGW nanofluid and base fluid. It is found that under a constant Reynolds number, the Nusselt number and friction factor for CuO–EGW nanofluid and base fluid increase with an increase in the inclination angle. The Nusselt number for the CuO–EGW nanofluid in the tube with 75° rib bottom angle averagely increases by 135.8% compared to that in the smooth tube, and the performance evaluation criterion is 1.64.
Application of Fibonacci heap to fast marching method
Authors: Meng Fanchang , Liu Mingchen , Zhang Ping , Yang Junjie , Li Meng , Dong Jiguo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The fast marching method (FMM) is an efficient, stable and adaptable travel time calculation method. In the realization of this method, it is necessary to select the minimum travel time node from the narrow band many times. The selection method has an important influence on the calculation efficiency of FMM. Traditional FMM adopts the binary tree heap sorting method to achieve this step. Fibonacci heap sort method to FMM will be applied in this study. Compared with the binary tree heap sorting method, the Fibonacci heap sort method can realize the minimum travel time node selection in the narrow band in a more efficient way when the number of the narrow-band nodes is huge. The new method will be verified through error analysis and two numerical model calculations.