bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perioperative predictors of early surgical revision and flap-related complications after microvascular free tissue transfer in head and neck reconstructions: a retrospective observational series
Authors: Burkhard John-Patrik , Pfister Jelena , Giger Roland , Huber Markus , Lädrach Claudia , Waser Manuel , Olariu Radu , Engel Dominique , Löffel Lukas M. , Schaller Benoît , Wuethrich Patrick Y. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of perioperative fluid management and administration of vasopressors on early surgical revision and flap-related complications in free tissue transfer.

Materials and methods
Intraoperative amount of fluid and of vasopressors, relevant perioperative parameters, and comorbidities were recorded in 131 patients undergoing head and neck microvascular reconstruction and compared with early surgical complications, defined as interventions requiring surgery after a flap-related complication, and/or other surgical problems in the operating room within 30 days after initial surgery. The relationship between perioperative variables for each revision category was determined using an optimized multiple logistic regression.

Results
The administration of diuretics (p=0.001) as a treatment for perioperative fluid overload and the type of flap (p=0.019) was associated with a higher risk of early surgical revisions. Perioperative fluid overload (p=0.039) is significantly related to flap-related complications. We found no effect of intraoperative administration of vasopressors on early surgical revisions (p=0.8) or on flap-related complications (norepinephrine p=0.6, dobutamine p=0.5).

Conclusion
Perioperative fluid overload is associated with higher risks of early surgical revision and flap-related complications. In contrast, the administration of vasopressors seemed to have no effect on either surgical revision rate or flap-related complications.

Clinical relevance
In patients receiving microvascular reconstructions, a balanced fluid administration perioperatively and a targeted use of vasopressors should be the necessary strategy to reduce the complication rates in head and neck surgery.
Complications of cranioplasty in relationship to traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shepetovsky David , Mezzini Gianluca , Magrassi Lorenzo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDespite being a common procedure, cranioplasty (CP) is associated with a variety of serious, at times lethal, complications. This study explored the relationship between the initial injury leading to decompressive craniectomy (DC) and the rates and types of complications after subsequent CP. It specifically compared between traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients and patients undergoing CP after DC for other indications.A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases using PRISMA guidelines was performed to include case-control studies, cohorts, and clinical trials reporting complication data for CP after DC. Information about the patients’ characteristics and the rates of overall and specific complications in TBI and non-TBI patients was extracted, summarized, and analyzed.A total of 59 studies, including the authors’ institutional experience, encompassing 9264 patients (4671 TBI vs. 4593 non-TBI) met the inclusion criteria; this total also included 149 cases from our institutional series. The results of the analysis of the published series are shown both with and without our series 23 studies reported overall complications, 40 reported infections, 10 reported new-onset seizures, 13 reported bone flap resorption (BFR), 5 reported post-CP hydrocephalus, 10 reported intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and 8 reported extra-axial fluid collections (EFC). TBI was associated with increased odds of BFR (odds ratio [OR] 1.76, p < 0.01) and infection (OR 1.38, p = 0.02). No difference was detected in the odds of overall complications, seizures, hydrocephalus, ICH, or EFC.Awareness of increased risks of BFR and infection after CP in TBI patients promotes the implementation of new strategies to prevent these complications especially in this category of patients.
Quantitative Precipitate Classification and Grain Boundary Property Control in Co/Ni-Base Superalloys
Authors: McAuliffe T. P. , Bantounas I. , Reynolds L. R. , Foden A. , Hardy M. C. , Britton T. B. , Dye D. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA correlative approach is employed to simultaneously assess structure and chemistry of (carbide and boride) precipitates in a set of novel Co/Ni-base superalloys. Structure is derived from electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) with pattern template matching, and chemistry obtained with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). It is found that the principal carbide in these alloys is Mo and W rich with the M6C structure. An M2B boride also exhibiting Mo and W segregation is observed at B levels above approximately 0.085 at. pct. These phases are challenging to distinguish in an SEM with chemical information (EDS or backscatter Z-contrast) alone, without the structural information provided by EBSD. Only correlative chemical and structural fingerprinting is necessary and sufficient to fully define a phase. The identified phases are dissimilar to those predicted using ThermoCalc. We additionally perform an assessment of the grain boundary serratability in these alloys, and observe that significant amplitude is only obtained in the absence of pinning intergranular precipitates.
Development and Validation of a UHPLC-MS/MS Method for the Analysis of Fusarium Mycotoxins in Onion
Authors: Rämö Sari , Haapalainen Minna , Latvala Satu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFusarium basal rot (FBR) of onion is a serious disease problem worldwide. The Fusarium species causing FBR can also produce mycotoxins that are potentially harmful to humans and animals. In this study, a multiple reaction monitoring technique with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (MRM UHPLC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for onion matrix to study Fusarium mycotoxins in the harvested onions. This study was focused on fumonisins B1, B2, and B3 (FB1, FB2, and FB3), beauvericin (BEA), and moniliformin (MON), which are the main mycotoxins produced by Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium proliferatum. In the in-house validated protocol, the onion samples were extracted with methanol:water (3:1) using magnetic stirring for 15 min. FBs and BEA were determined directly from the filtered extracts, whereas MON required sample concentration prior to analysis. No cleanup of extracts was needed prior to analysis. The target mycotoxins were separated on an Acquity UPLC system BEH C18 column with gradient elution. Mycotoxins were identified and quantified using 13C-FB1 as internal standard. Minor matrix effect was compensated using multi-point matrix-matched calibration curves with uninfected onion sample. For the mycotoxins studied, a good linearity was obtained (R2 ≥ 0.99) and the recoveries were in the range of 67–122%, with the highest standard deviation for MON, 22%. The limits of quantification were from 2.5 to 10 ng g−1 in onion matrix. The method was successfully employed for the analysis of mycotoxins in harvested onions showing FBR symptoms and found to be infected with F. oxysporum and F. proliferatum.
Effective source rock selection and oil–source correlation in the Western Slope of the northern Songliao Basin, China
Authors: Bi He , Li Peng , Jiang Yun , Fan Jing-Jing , Chen Xiao-Yue 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study considers the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation, Yaojia Formation, and the first member of the Nenjiang Formation in the Western Slope of the northern Songliao Basin. Dark mudstone with high abundances of organic matter of Gulong and Qijia sags are considered to be significant source rocks in the study area. To evaluate their development characteristics, differences and effectiveness, geochemical parameters are analyzed. One-dimensional basin modeling and hydrocarbon evolution are also applied to discuss the effectiveness of source rocks. Through the biomarker characteristics, the source–source, oil–oil, and oil–source correlations are assessed and the sources of crude oils in different rock units are determined. Based on the results, Gulong and Qijia source rocks have different organic matter primarily detrived from mixed sources and plankton, respectively. Gulong source rock has higher thermal evolution degree than Qijia source rock. The biomarker parameters of the source rocks are compared with 31 crude oil samples. The studied crude oils can be divided into two groups. The oil–source correlations show that group I oils from Qing II–III, Yao I, and Yao II–III members were probably derived from Gulong source rock and that only group II oils from Nen I member were derived from Qijia source rock.
The Anti-cancer Effect of Olea europaea L. Products: a Review
Authors: Antoniou Chrystalla , Hull Jonathon 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) has featured as a significant part of medicinal history, used to treat a variety of ailments within folk medicine. The Mediterranean diet, which is rich in olive products, is testament to Olea europaeas positive effects on health, associated with reduced incidences of cancer and cardiovascular disease. This review aims to summarise the current literature regarding the therapeutic potential of Olea europaea products in cancer, detailing the possible compounds responsible for its chemotherapeutic effects.

Recent Findings
Much of the existing research has focused on the use of cell culture models of disease, demonstrating Olea europaea extracts, and specific compounds within these extracts, have efficacy in a range of in vitro and in vivo cancer models. The source of Olea europaeas cytotoxicity is yet to be fully defined; however, compounds such as oleuropein and verbascoside have independent cytotoxic effects on animal models of cancer.

Summary
Initial results from animal models are promising but need to be translated to a clinical setting. Treatments utilising these compounds are likely to be well tolerated and represent a promising direction for future research.
Adverse cardiovascular magnetic resonance phenotypes are associated with greater likelihood of incident coronavirus disease 2019: findings from the UK Biobank
Authors: Raisi-Estabragh Zahra , McCracken Celeste , Cooper Jackie , Fung Kenneth , Paiva José M. , Khanji Mohammed Y. , Rauseo Elisa , Biasiolli Luca , Raman Betty , Piechnik Stefan K. , Neubauer Stefan , Munroe Patricia B. , Harvey Nicholas C. , Petersen Steffen E. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disproportionately affects older people. Observational studies suggest indolent cardiovascular involvement after recovery from acute COVID-19. However, these findings may reflect pre-existing cardiac phenotypes.

Aims
We tested the association of baseline cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) phenotypes with incident COVID-19.

Methods
We studied UK Biobank participants with CMR imaging and COVID-19 testing. We considered left and right ventricular (LV, RV) volumes, ejection fractions, and stroke volumes, LV mass, LV strain, native T1, aortic distensibility, and arterial stiffness index. COVID-19 test results were obtained from Public Health England. Co-morbidities were ascertained from self-report and hospital episode statistics (HES). Critical care admission and death were from HES and death register records. We investigated the association of each cardiovascular measure with COVID-19 test result in multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation, body mass index, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, and prior myocardial infarction.

Results
We studied 310 participants (n = 70 positive). Median age was 63.8 [57.5, 72.1] years; 51.0% (n = 158) were male. 78.7% (n = 244) were tested in hospital, 3.5% (n = 11) required critical care admission, and 6.1% (n = 19) died. In fully adjusted models, smaller LV/RV end-diastolic volumes, smaller LV stroke volume, and poorer global longitudinal strain were associated with significantly higher odds of COVID-19 positivity.

Discussion
We demonstrate association of pre-existing adverse CMR phenotypes with greater odds of COVID-19 positivity independent of classical cardiovascular risk factors.

Conclusions
Observational reports of cardiovascular involvement after COVID-19 may, at least partly, reflect pre-existing cardiac status rather than COVID-19 induced alterations.
Can theory of mind of healthy older adults living in a nursing home be improved? A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cavallini Elena , Ceccato Irene , Bertoglio Silvana , Francescani Andrea , Vigato Federico , Ianes Aladar Bruno , Lecce Serena 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundResearch in nursing homes mainly focused on interventions for residents affected by cognitive decline. Few studies have considered healthy older adults living in nursing homes, and this research targeted cognitive functioning.AimsTo evaluate whether socio-cognitive abilities can be improved by means of a theory of mind (ToM) training conducted by nursing home’s operators.MethodsResultsResults revealed that older adults benefitted from the ToM intervention in both practiced and non-practiced tasks, while the control group showed no change from pre- to post-test evaluation. Analyses on errors scores indicated that the ToM intervention led to a reduction of both excessive mentalizing and absence of mental states inference.DiscussionThe conversation-based ToM intervention proved to be effective in improving socio-cognitive skills in cognitively healthy nursing home residents. Notably, older adults were able to transfer the skills acquired during the training to new material.ConclusionsPromoting healthy resident’s ToM ability could positively impact on their social cognition, consequently increasing their quality of life. Our findings showed that the intervention can be feasibly managed by health care assistants within the residential context.
Contemporaneous financial intermediation
Authors: Merz Markus 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDigital innovations in banking and payments recently have garnered a great deal of attention. Specifically, distributed ledger technology (DLT) has the potential to fundamentally change the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders in the financial sector. DLT is a novel and fast-evolving approach to record and share data, e.g., payment transactions, among members of a decentralized network. Using transaction cost theory, the paper examines how DLT will change the cross-border payment infrastructure. DLT can reduce the overall transaction costs potentially resulting in the disappearance of correspondent banks.
Does Teen Triple P Affect Parenting and the Social and Emotional Behaviours of Teenagers? A Study of the Positive Parenting Programme in the Netherlands
Authors: Steketee Majone , Jonkman Harrie , Naber Pauline , Distelbrink Marjolijn 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTriple P is a parenting programme used in the youth healthcare practice of many Dutch municipalities to support parents in raising their children. According to international research, this Australian intervention is effective for parents with children up to the age of 12. It shows positive effects on parenting skills and on the reduction of both parents' child-rearing stress and their children's behavioural and emotional problems. Our study examined the effectiveness of Teen Triple P level 4: a training programme for parents of teenagers aged 10–16. The programme included five group sessions of 1.5–2 h each, as well as three individual (phone) consultations. Through a matching procedure, 103 parents who participated in Teen Triple P were compared in a quasi-experimental study with 397 parents in a control group. Compared with the control group, parents who received the Teen Triple P training reported a significant improvement in their parental practice. Now, they are more involved with their child, more responsive to the needs of the children, and they report fewer parent–child conflicts. Some positive differences in behavioural problems among adolescents, as reported by their parents, could be found among the experimental group. These findings remained the same at the follow-up.
Latent cause inference during extinction learning in trauma-exposed individuals with and without PTSD
Authors: Norbury Agnes , Brinkman Hannah , Kowalchyk Mary , Monti Elisa , Pietrzak Robert H. , Schiller Daniela , Feder Adriana 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundProblems in learning that sights, sounds, or situations that were once associated with danger have become safe (extinction learning) may explain why some individuals suffer prolonged psychological distress following traumatic experiences. Although simple learning models have been unable to provide a convincing account of why this learning fails, it has recently been proposed that this may be explained by individual differences in beliefs about the causal structure of the environment.MethodsHere, we tested two competing hypotheses as to how differences in causal inference might be related to trauma-related psychopathology, using extinction learning data collected from clinically well-characterised individuals with varying degrees of post-traumatic stress (N = 56). Model parameters describing individual differences in causal inference were related to multiple post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptom dimensions via network analysis.ResultsIndividuals with more severe PTSD were more likely to assign observations from conditioning and extinction stages to a single underlying cause. Specifically, greater re-experiencing symptom severity was associated with a lower likelihood of inferring that multiple causes were active in the environment.ConclusionsWe interpret these results as providing evidence of a primary deficit in discriminative learning in participants with more severe PTSD. Specifically, a tendency to attribute a greater diversity of stimulus configurations to the same underlying cause resulted in greater uncertainty about stimulus-outcome associations, impeding learning both that certain stimuli were safe, and that certain stimuli were no longer dangerous. In the future, better understanding of the role of causal inference in trauma-related psychopathology may help refine cognitive therapies for these disorders.
Projections of Poisson cut-outs in the Heisenberg group and the visual 3-sphere
Authors: DUFLOUX LAURENT , SUOMALA VILLE 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe study projectional properties of Poisson cut-out setsEin non-Euclidean spaces. In the first Heisenbeg group\[\mathbb{H} = \mathbb{C} \times \mathbb{R}\], endowed with the Korányi metric, we show that the Hausdorff dimension of the vertical projection\[\pi (E)\](projection along the center of\[\mathbb{H}\]) almost surely equals\[\min \{ 2,{\dim _\operatorname{H} }(E)\} \]and that\[\pi (E)\]has non-empty interior if\[{\dim _{\text{H}}}(E) > 2\]. As a corollary, this allows us to determine the Hausdorff dimension ofEwith respect to the Euclidean metric in terms of its Heisenberg Hausdorff dimension\[{\dim _{\text{H}}}(E)\].We also study projections in the one-point compactification of the Heisenberg group, that is, the 3-sphere\[{{\text{S}}^3}\]endowed with the visual metricdobtained by identifying\[{{\text{S}}^3}\]with the boundary of the complex hyperbolic plane. In\[{{\text{S}}^3}\], we prove a projection result that holds simultaneously for all radial projections (projections along so called “chains”). This shows that the Poisson cut-outs in\[{{\text{S}}^3}\]satisfy a strong version of the Marstrand’s projection theorem, without any exceptional directions.
Evaluation of equity-linked products in the presence of policyholder surrender option using risk-control strategies
Authors: Gaillardetz Patrice , Hachem Saeb , Moghtadai Mehran 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThroughout the past couple of decades, the surge in the sale of equity-linked products has led to many discussions on the evaluation and risk management of surrender options embedded in these products. However, most studies treat such options as American/Bermudian style options. In this article, a different approach is presented where only a portion of the policyholders react optimally due to the belief that not all policyholders are rational. Through this method, a probability of surrender is obtained based on the option moneyness and the product is partially hedged using local risk-control strategies. This partial hedging approach is versatile since few assumptions are required for the financial framework. To compare the different surrender assumptions, the initial capital requirement for an equity-linked product is obtained under a regime-switching equity model. Numerical examples illustrate the dynamics and efficiency of this hedging approach.
The Breathing Plasmasphere: Erosion and Refilling
Authors: Gallagher D. L. , Comfort R. H. , Katus R. M. , Sandel B. R. , Fung S. F. , Adrian M. L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGlobal observations of He+ ions from the Imager for Magnetopause‐to‐Aurora Global Exploration mission Extreme Ultraviolet Imager are used to examine the dynamics of plasmasphere content using integrated mass through times of erosion and refilling for . Perhaps the most basic and important attributes of the plasmasphere are its mass and spatial distribution. However, our understanding is often constrained by the method of measurement. Storm‐time loss of plasmasphere content is a kind of exhalation where plasma is lost. Refilling or inhalation into the body of the plasmasphere occurs during the following calm. Using a follow‐the‐mass approach, storm‐time plasmasphere loss for is found to range from 32% to 62% during three events. Plasma lost inside the average eroded plasmapause boundary ranges from 22% to 42% and outside from 35% to 72%. Following the start of refilling, the innermost L‐shells show the lowest observed refilling rates. Mass refilling rates at higher L‐shells rise to a maximum observed ∼6 Mt/day near L = 4.5 that is less at higher L‐shells (Mt/d = 1,000 kg/day). More variability and higher refilling rates are found during lower solar activity. The mass content of the plasmasphere between L = 1.5 and 3.0 was also followed for 54 days when it exhibited eight “breathes.” Using this analogy, only the first inhale/exhale is “deep.” The remaining carry forward the consequences of past and continued activity that prevents full recovery. There appears to be a month‐long declining trend in the mass of the inner plasmasphere during the last two thirds of this time.
Data‐Driven Modeling of Atomic Oxygen Airglow over a Period of Three Solar Cycles
Authors: Mackovjak Š. , Varga M. , Hrivňak S. , Palkoci O. , Didebulidze G. G. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Earth's upper atmosphere is a dynamic environment that is continuously affected by space weather from above and atmospheric processes from below. An effective way to observe this interface region is the monitoring of airglow. Since the 1950s, airglow emissions have been systematically measured by ground‐based photometers in specific wavelength bands during the nighttime. The availability of the calibrated data from over 30 years of photometric airglow measurements at Abastumani in Georgia (41.75° N, 42.82° E), at wavelengths of 557.7 and 630.0 nm, enable us to investigate if a data‐driven model based on advanced machine learning techniques can be successfully employed for modeling airglow intensities. A regression task was performed using the time series of space weather indices and thermosphere‐ionosphere parameters. We have found that the developed data‐driven model has good consistency with the commonly used GLOW airglow model and also captures airglow variations caused by cycles of solar activity and changes of the seasons. This enables us to visualize the green and red airglow variations over a period of three solar cycles with a one‐hour time resolution.