bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Der TSV im Spannungsfeld von Baugrundrisiko und Sphärentrennung
Authors: Purrer Walter 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe institution of a neutral Tunnelling Expert (TE) has proven to be of benefit to Austrian Tunnelling Projects. However, misdevelopments have been observed during recent years, which lead to setbacks and obstructions against utilizing its full potential. On the basis of practical experiences, the reasons and backgrounds are explained and options for improved collaboration of the participants by targeted involvement of the TE are shown. These considerations are not restricted to structural topics. They also take into account the mechanism of the social system of manpower cooperating in construction projects.
Einsatz kombinierter Bohrverfahren zur Vorauserkundung mit digitalem Bohrdatenmanagement
Authors: Kratz Thorsten , Vogel Guido , Ouschan Michael 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe purpose of exploration drillings in tunnelling operations is to investigate rock structure, geological composition of the rock, especially with regard to fault zones, and the identification and characterisation of water‐bearing zones. When determining the quality of exploration, the economic parameters must be taken into account. The application of combined exploration drilling methods allows the successful drilling of exploration drillings even in complex geotechnical and hydrogeological rock conditions. The concept provides the flexibility to switch between drilling systems and to realise probe measures tailored to the specific geology quickly and according to economic requirements. For successful exploration projects, documents and findings from past projects are used in the planning phase. The use of digital drilling data management offers enormous potential for optimising data evaluation. The determination of machine, equipment and the preparation of a drilling plan can thus be prepared much more specifically for the upcoming exploration. During execution, direct conclusions can be reached regarding e.g. drillability or drilling tool condition on the basis of the process‐oriented process analysis.
„Fliegendes” Andrehen mit einer Gripper‐TBM in Flach‐ und Steilstrecke
Authors: Türtscher Matthias , Mark Simon , Leitner Wolfgang , Innerhofer Guntram 
Published: October 2021

AbstractContractor G. Hinteregger & Söhne Baugesellschaft mbH submitted an alternative proposal for the ”Rodundwerk I, new headrace and distribution pipe system“ project commissioned by Illwerke vkw AG which uses a new launch structure for an open gripper TBM. An Austrian utility model has been registered for this new development. This paper describes the process.
Erkenntnisse aus den „Tunnel Seismic While Drilling” Messungen während des Vortriebs am Koralmtunnel Baulos KAT2
Authors: Chwatal Werner , Domenig Angela , Kostial Dieter , Rudel Thomas , Schlögel Günter , Katzianer Erhard , Wagner Hanns 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe 32.9 km long Koralm tunnel (Austria) is the core piece of the Koralm railway and will be one of the longest railway tunnels worldwide after completion. At the longest construction section ”KAT2“ two approx. 17 km long parallel single‐track tunnels were driven by two double‐shield tunnel boring machines with a diameter of about 10 m. Accompanying the tunnelling of the two tubes, the continuous Tunnel Seismic While Drilling (TSWD) method was used shortly after the start of mechanical excavation in January 2013 until the final position was reached in February 2018. The aim was to consistently explore the rock mass up to 100 m in front of the tunnel face to detect faults and water‐bearing zones which were relevant for tunnel construction. Another purpose of the measurements was to reduce the number of exploration drillings ahead of the tunnel face. After an initial test phase of about 5000 m, where exploration drillings were continuously carried out parallel with TSWD, an advanced and optimized exploration concept was evaluated and performed for permanent operation. This paper summarizes the findings gained from the TSWD measurements at this tunnel site.
S1 Tunnel Donau‐Lobau – Der komplexe Weg zur Baugrunderkundung im Nationalpark Donau‐Auen
Authors: Schröfelbauer Thomas , Permanschlager Katrin , Montag Oliver , Avender Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe S1 Donau‐Lobau tunnel closes the gap in the road network around Vienna. Its two tunnel tubes run under the Danube and the Donau‐Auen National Park, with the provision that no work is allowed to take place on the surface of the site. The (hydro‐)geological subsurface conditions in the project area can be described as ”difficult“. The tunnel project must also meet all safety‐related requirements that arise during construction and operation, while at the same time minimizing the environmental impact.This article describes the essential special civil engineering and tunnelling measures in connection with the local subsoil conditions. It outlines the geotechnical exploration goals required for the structural tendering and detailed planning as well as for limiting the subsoil risk. Just obtaining the necessary permits for the exploration work required extensive preparatory work. As a result, both the exploration programme and the tunnel itself have been further adapted. The approved explorations were completed in the shortest possible time in compliance with extensive environmental requirements during a single winter season.
Highly specialized geophysical methods for undergroud construction works – Semmering Base Tunnel, a practice report
Authors: Radinger Alexander , Hofmann Thomas , Holzer Robert , Fasching Florian , Kusnirak David 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe use of geophysical methods for the planning of complex underground structures such as deep tunnels has made significant progress in the last two decades. The realization of large underground construction projects in complex geological environments has led to an increase of geophysical exploration during excavation activities, drilling, and geological documentation. The aim is to continuously update and improve the geological model in order to identify and mitigate potential risks. Flexible planning of geophysical measurements and their fast and efficient implementation are required to minimize the impact on ongoing construction works.During construction of the Semmering Base Tunnel geophysical measurements were and are used to supplement exploratory drillings and tunnel documentation. This paper presents results from the construction lots SBT1.1 (Gloggnitz) and SBT3.1 (Grautschenhof) with an emphasis on carbonate prediction, and from the Göstritz cavern where sudden water ingress required an update of the geologic model. For each assignment a tailored‐made geophysical methodology was designed and applied.
Towards the integration of smart techniques for tunnel seismic applications
Authors: Dickmann Thomas , Hecht‐Méndez Jozsef , Krüger Dirk , Sapronova Alla , Unterlaß Paul Johannes , Marcher Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractApplications of seismic measurements for the prediction of hazard zones are applied practice in many tunnel drives in rock mass today. Next to a large exploration range and accurate localisation of discontinuities, seismic data provide attributes for a comprehensive characterisation of the ground conditions. A good synchronisation of all technical components is required to obtain optimum data quality and quantity while the tunnel excavation is not obstructed thereby. Firstly, the signal source must feed as much energy as possible into the rock in a very short time. Secondly, continuity of the signal generation with constant quality and its precise timing by means of wireless data transmission also ensure a reliable measurement process. Artificial intelligence is used to determine the quality of the recorded data already in the tunnel and feedback is given to the user keeping the data quality high. From the tunnel site, recorded raw data can be transferred to a cloud, from where an authorised processor collects them, wherever in the world. An immediately started data processing delivers a result within an hour that includes a geological forecast of up to 150 m of heading, depending on the rock mass condition. In addition to data quality, the quality of the results is crucial. Therefore, techniques are currently under development using machine learning to correlate and analyse seismic attributes with geological properties. This should lead to a more objective evaluation of the geological forecast in the future.
Anwendungsmöglichkeiten eines digitalen Baugrundmodells im Infrastrukturbau
Authors: Gächter Werner , Exenberger Hans , Fasching Alfred , Hillisch Stefan , Mulitzer Günther , Seywald Martin , Rettenbacher Martin , Fleischmann Gregor , Fröch Georg , Flora Matthias 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe BIM pilot project ”New Köstendorf‐Salzburg Line“ for ÖBB‐Infrastruktur AG covers a new twin‐track section about 21 km long involving a wide variety of different engineering structures and a corresponding need for close interdisciplinary collaboration within a sensitive project space. The pilot project successfully achieved its objective of generating a largely software‐independent overall model and transferring the knowledge gained to the Employer's Information Requirements and subsequently to a BIM execution plan. In addition to internal coordination meetings, a preliminary external meeting took place to discuss the model elements required for a government agency as part of an approval process and the availability of such elements by means of direct access to the model.By adopting an integrated, collaborative approach to project management, it was possible to define extensive procedures and workflows adapted to the needs of the respective project partners for the single‐discipline models (specialist models) and to coordinate an overall federated model. The results of the co‐ordinated overall model show the ample opportunities afforded by a parameterised ground model for transparent risk and project assessment, paving the way for a holistic, phase‐based infrastructure information model. In this regard, the authors felt that it was important to adapt the project partners' established internal procedures only minimally and to translate them into BIM‐compatible, cooperative workflows.
The trajectory of the medial longitudinal fasciculus in the human brain: A diffusion imaging‐based tractography study
Authors: Li Mengjun , Yeh Fang‐Cheng , Zeng Qingrun , Wu Xiaolong , Wang Xu , Zhu Zixin , Liu Xiaohai , Liang Jiantao , Chen Ge , Zhang Hongqi , Feng Yuanjing , Li Mingchu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the trajectory of medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) and explore its anatomical relationship with the oculomotor nerve using tractography technique. The MLF and oculomotor nerve were reconstructed at the same time with preset three region of interests (ROIs): one set at the area of rostral midbrain, one placed on the MLF area at the upper pons, and one placed at the cisternal part of the oculomotor nerve. This mapping protocol was tested in an HCP‐1065 template, 35 health subjects from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), 20 healthy adults and 6 brainstem cavernous malformation (BCM) patients with generalized q‐sampling imaging (GQI)‐based tractography. Finally, the 200 μm brainstem template from Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University (Duke CIVM), was used to validate the trajectory of reconstructed MLF. The MLF and oculomotor nerve were reconstructed in the HCP‐1065 template, 35 MGH health subjects, 20 healthy adults and 6 BCM patients. The MLF was in conjunction with the ipsilateral mesencephalic part of the oculomotor nerve. The displacement of MLF was identified in all BCM patients. Decreased QA, RDI and FA were found in the MLF of lesion side, indicating axonal loss and/or edema of displaced MLF. The reconstructed MLF in Duke CIVM brainstem 200 μm template corresponded well with histological anatomy. The MLF and oculomotor nerve were visualized accurately with our protocol using GQI‐based fiber tracking. This GQI‐based tractography is an important tool in the reconstruction and evaluation of MLF.
Low‐dose ketamine infusion in treatment‐resistant double depression: Revisiting the adjunctive ketamine study of Taiwanese patients with treatment‐resistant depression
Authors: Chen Mu‐Hong , Wu Hui‐Ju , Li Cheng‐Ta , Lin Wei‐Chen , Tsai Shih‐Jen , Hong Chen‐Jee , Tu Pei‐Chi , Bai Ya‐Mei , Mao Wei‐Chung , Su Tung‐Ping 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhether a single low‐dose ketamine infusion may have rapid antidepressant and antisuicidal effects in patients with treatment‐resistant double depression remains unclear.MethodsThis study enrolled 35 patients with treatment‐resistant double depression, 12 of whom received 0.5 mg/kg ketamine, 11 received 0.2 mg/kg ketamine, and 12 received normal saline as a placebo. The patients were assessed using the 17‐item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS) prior to the initiation of infusions, at 40 and 240 min post‐infusion, and sequentially on Days 2–7 and on Day 14 after ketamine or placebo infusions.ResultsA single 0.5 mg/kg ketamine infusion had rapid antidepressant (p = 0.031, measured by the HDRS) and antisuicidal (p = 0.033, measured by the HDRS item 3 scores) effects in patients with treatment‐resistant double depression. However, 0.2 mg/kg ketamine was insufficient to exert rapid antidepressant and antisuicidal effects in this patient population with severe and chronic illness.DiscussionIn this patient population, the commonly used dose of 0.5 mg/kg was sufficient. Additional studies are required to investigate whether repeated infusions of low‐dose ketamine may also maintain antidepressant and antisuicidal effects in patients with treatment‐resistant double depression.
Transparent, Conducting Self‐Assembled CuS Nanostructures at and beyond Liquid‐Liquid Interface and their Electrocatalytic Properties
Authors: Tomar Yeshvi , Swaroop Pathak Sushil , Jain Siddarth , Panchakarla Leela S 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe liquid‐liquid interface (LLI) technique has been used to form thin films of various materials parallel to the interface. In this report, by taking CuS as an example, we show that CuS not only adopts thin film structures at the liquid‐liquid interface parallel to the interface but can also utilize beyond the interface to form self‐supported vertically aligned CuS thin films by controlling the precursor concentration. We also report the formation of a self‐assembled monolayer of CuS nanoparticles in the dichlorobenzene‐water interface at a lower concentration of copper. Thin films generated at LLI show p‐type conductivity with a sheet resistance of ∼350 Ω/□ and transparency up to 72 % at 550 nm. CuS also show electrocatalytic activity towards glucose sensing with a sensitivity of 3958 μA mM−1 cm−2, which is among the best in copper‐based materials.
Improved hemocompatibility by modifying acellular blood vessels with bivalirudin and its biocompatibility evaluation
Authors: Du Pengchong , Li Xiafei , Sun Lulu , Pan Yuxue , Zhu Hengchao , Li Yangyang , Yang Yingjie , Wei Xieze , Jing Changqin , Chen Hongli , Shi Qizhong , Li Wenbin , Zhao Liang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe incidence rate of cardiovascular diseases is increasing year by year. The demand for coronary artery bypass grafting has been very large. Acellular blood vessels have potential clinical application because of their natural vascular basis, but their biocompatibility and anticoagulant energy need to be improved. We decellularized the abdominal aorta of SD rats, and then modified with bivalirudin via polydopamine. The mechanical properties, blood compatibility, cytocompatibility, immune response, and anticoagulant properties were evaluated, and then the bivalirudin‐modified acellular blood vessels were implanted into rats for remodeling evaluation in vivo. The results we got show that the bivalirudin‐modified acellular blood vessels showed good cytocompatibility and blood compatibility, and its anti‐inflammatory trend was dominant in the immune response. After 3 months of transplantation, the bivalirudin‐modified acellular blood vessels did not easily form thrombus. It was not easy to form calcification and could make the host cells grow better. Through vascular stimulation and immunofluorescence test, we found that vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells proliferated well in the bivalirudin group. Bivalirudin‐modified acellular blood vessels provided new idea for small diameter tissue engineering blood vessels, and may become a potential clinical substitute for small‐diameter vascular grafts.
Ultrasound assessment of the inferior vena cava in children: A comparison of sub‐xiphoid and right lateral coronal views
Authors: Yamaguchi Yoshikazu , Moharir Alok , Kim Stephani S. , Wakimoto Mayuko , Burrier Candice , Shafy Shabana Z. , Hakim Mohammed , Tobias Joseph D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVCCI) has been used to assess the respiratory variation of the inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter and hence intravascular volume. The sub‐xiphoid view (SXV) is the standard view to evaluate the IVC. The right lateral transabdominal view (RLV) has been shown in adults to be an alternative view to evaluate the IVC when the SXV is not feasible. The aim of the study was to compare IVC dimensions from these two views and thus determine whether the RLV view can be used instead of the SXV in pediatric patients.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center prospective observational crossover study. Study subjects were ASA physical status 1–2 children, 1–12 years of age scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia. Anesthesia was maintained by mask with spontaneous ventilation with end‐tidal sevoflurane at 2%–5% after the induction of anesthesia. IVCCI was measured using M‐mode in both the SXV and RLV.ResultsThe study cohort included 50 children with a mean age of 5.1 years. The median value for the IVCCI‐sx was 0.45 (IQR: 0.28–0.70) while the IVCCI‐rl was 0.30 (0.19–0.5). The mean difference between the two groups was 0.12 (95% CI: 0.177–0.066, p < .001, two‐tailed paired t‐test). Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was 0.66. The univariate linear regression model was IVCCIsx = 0.21 + 0.77 × IVCCIrl.ConclusionsIVCCIrl was lower than IVCCIsx. IVCCI measured from the right lateral view tended to overestimate the patient's fluid‐responsiveness and therefore these two values are not interchangeable.
Energy in the Anthropocene: How the concept of energy shaped both our current crisis and its professed solution
Authors: Simon‐Stickley Anna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis essay traces how the concept of energy—defined as the ability to do work in physics—informed two similar fields of knowledge with very dissimilar results. One, the resource economy in the late 19th century, laid some important epistemic and ideological foundations for the destruction of the environment in the present. The other, ecology, introduced a new holistic view of nature, which laid the groundwork for the recent reconceptualization of ethics, epistemology, and humankind's role on Earth culminating in the Anthropocene hypothesis—formulated in direct opposition to the capitalist, anthropocentric notions inherited from the 19th century. In both cases, it was the concept of energy that enabled thinking about the multifarious visualities, materialities, and temporalities of natural phenomena as united in a single causal substructure of energy exchanges. In resource economics, the energetic worldview imposed an anthropocentric useful/useless divide on the environment—modeled, I argue, on the energy/entropy distinction—and made it “logical” to think of minerals, plants, and human labor as analogous resources, justifiably equated and linked in the economic system. The same ability to equate and connect was fundamental to the discipline of ecology and its application to sociology in the 20th century, and, in more recent years, to philosophy and historiography. In stripping nature of all surface illusions, energy proved enormously efficient for exposing the entanglement of large‐scale systems composed of animate and inanimate actors equally imbued with agency.
Elucidating the Binding Mode between Heparin and Inflammatory Cytokines by Molecular Modeling
Authors: Yu Mingjia , Zhang Tianji , Li Jin‐ping , Tan Yingxia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHeparan sulfate (HS) interacts with a broad spectrum of inflammatory cytokines, thereby modulating their biological activities. It is believed that there is a structural‐functional correlation between each protein and sugar sequences in the HS polysaccharides, however, the information in this regard is limited. In this study, we compared the binding of four inflammatory cytokines (CCL8, IL‐1beta, IL‐2 and IL‐6) to immobilized heparin by an SPR analysis. To define the molecular base of the binding, we used a heparin pentasaccharide as representative structure to dock into the 3D‐molecular structure of the cytokines. The results show a discrepancy in KD values obtained by SPR analysis and theoretical calculation, pointing to the importance to apply more than one method when describing affinity between proteins and HS. By cluster analysis of the complex formed between the pentasaccharide and cytokines, we have identified several groups in heparin forming strong hydrogen bonds with all four cytokines, which is a significant finding. This molecular and conformational information should be valuable for rational design of HS/heparin‐mimetics to interfere cytokine‐HS interactions.
Outcomes of intensification of induction chemotherapy for children with high‐risk acute myeloid leukemia: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Elgarten Caitlin W. , Wood Andrew C. , Li Yimei , Alonzo Todd A. , Brodersen Lisa Eidenschink , Gerbing Robert B. , Getz Kelly D. , Huang Y‐S Vera , Loken Michael , Meshinchi Soheil , Pollard Jessica A. , Sung Lillian , Woods William G. , Kolb E. Anders , Gamis Alan S. , Aplenc Richard 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐risk pediatric acute myeloid leukemia confers a poor prognosis, and alternative strategies are needed to improve outcomes. We hypothesized that intensifying induction on the AAML1031 clinical trial would improve outcomes compared to the predecessor trial AAML0531.MethodsPatients on AAML0531 received cytarabine (1600 mg/m2)/daunorubicin (150 mg/m2)/etoposide (ADE) for induction II and patients on AAML1031 received mitoxantrone (48 mg/m2)/cytarabine (8000 mg/m2) (MA). Stem cell transplant (SCT) conditioning included busulfan/cyclophosphamide on AAML0531, whereas AAML1031 used busulfan/fludarabine and liberalized donor eligibility. Patients were included in this analysis if they met high‐risk criteria common to the two trials by cytogenics or poor disease response after induction I ADE.ResultsMA provided no benefit over ADE at: induction II response (complete response [CR]: 64% vs. 62%, p = .87; measurable residual disease [MRD]+: 57% vs. 46%, p = .34); or intensification I response (CR: 79% vs. 94%, p = .27; MRD+: 27% vs. 20%, p = 1.0). When considered with altered SCT approach, MA did not improve 5‐year disease‐free survival (24% ± 9% vs. 18% ± 15%, p = .63) or 5‐year overall survival (35% ± 10% vs. 38% ± 18%, p = .66). MA was associated with slower neutrophil recovery (median 34 vs. 27 days, p = .007) and platelet recovery (median 29 vs. 24.5 days, p = .04) and longer hospital stay (32 vs. 28 days, p = .01) during induction II.ConclusionIntensification of induction II did not improve treatment response or survival, but did increase toxicity and resource utilization. Alternative strategies are urgently needed to improve outcomes for pediatric patients with high‐risk acute myeloid leukemia (trials registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT01371981, NCT00372593).