bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bevacizumab (Avegra®) for the treatment of gynecological cancers: joint experience of several centers
Authors: Kedrova A. G. , Krasilnikov S. Е. , Ogay D. S. , Maksimenko Т. A. , Voznesenskiy V. I. , Berishvili А. I. , Greyan Т. A. 
Published: March 2021

Tumors of the female reproductive system are among the five most common cancers in women worldwide. Up to 60 % of these patients require chemotherapy to reduce the risk of recurrence. Currently, an additional treatment option is available for patients with advanced cancers of the female reproductive system, namely vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor bevacizumab. To assess the efficacy and safety of Avegra®, Russian generic of bevacizumab, we summarized the experience of 5 specialized healthcare institutions that used it for the treatment of 178 patients with tumors of the female reproductive system. The analysis of side effects in 1,074 treatment cycles demonstrated that Avegra® had a good safety profile. Clinical effects of Avegra® were similar to those of the original drug.
Human papillomavirus and endometrial cancer (review of literature and meta-analysis)
Authors: Ibragimova M. К. , Kokorina E. V. , Tsyganov М. M. , Churuksaeva О. N. , Litviakov N. V. 
Published: March 2021

The important role of human papillomavirus (HPV) of high carcinogenic risk in the emergence and development of cervical cancer is undeniable. Approximately 90 % of cases of verified cervical cancer are HPV positive. The level of infection with this virus exceeds that of gonococci, chlamydia and yeast infections. Currently, one of the most discussed issues is the possibility of the association of HPV with the risk of developing malignant neoplasms when localized in organs that are anatomically close to the cervix. One of these localizations is the body of the uterus. It is known that endometrial cancer is based on its pronounced hormone dependence. Nevertheless, many factors are involved in the carcinogenesis of endometrial neoplasms, including genetic and epigenetic disorders, as well as risk factors, which include alimentary, hormonal, hereditary causes. At the same time, a controversial issue is the involvement of HPV in the development of this type of cancer. The data on the presence of HPV in endometrial cancer are extremely contradictory: the researchers claim both the complete absence of the effect of the virus on the development of this type of cancer, and the detection of HPV in 60–80 % of cases of tumors. In this regard, it becomes necessary to systematize the currently available research results on this issue and to conduct a meta-analysis of the association of HPV infection with the risk of endometrial cancer.
Pregnancy & Covid 19 infection: Our experience
Authors: Pandya Manish R , Patel Meenakshi , Bhesaniya Janaki , Patel Shyam , Patel Sneha , Patel Khushbu , Dave Amit 
Published: March 2021

Corona virus disease also known as Covid -19 pandemic has represented major impact to health system and societies world-wide. There is no particular high risk seen among mother and fetus. In addition to these aspects specifically to Covid -19 and gestation that should be known by specialist in order to correctly diagnose disease, classify severity, distinguish obstetric complications with specific signs of Covid -19 and for taking most appropriate management decision. The pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has exposed vulnerable populations to global health crisis. Mother and fetuses are particularly susceptible to poor outcome. There are very limited data how SARS‐CoV‐2 behaves in pregnant women & their infants. We pearly reviewed 52 gravida infected with covid-19 pneumonia. Out of which 25 symptomatic patients admitted to our hospital while 27 asymptomatic but Covid positive patients care taken on OPD basis followed by home quarantine for 14 days. 1) To summarize the clinical features of Covid-19 in pregnancy; 2) Any intervention helps for better maternal and perinatal outcome. 3) Safety profile of Remdesivir in third trimester of pregnancy with Covid-19 pneumonia. This was a single-centre; meta-analysis performed at Sunshine global hospital Vadodara Gujarat designated hospitals for pregnancy with COVID-19 in the epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and medical consultation/collaboration with Scientific Research Institute, Surendranagar, Gujarat. We included pregnant women with COVID-19 from inpatient & outpatient department.
Use of 25 MCG for early induction of labour in active management of labour –Study of 100 cases in private setup
Authors: Pandya Manish R , Khandheriya Kalpana , Thakor Rina , Modesara Jeel , Patel Khushbu 
Published: March 2021

Induced labour is one in which pregnancy is terminated artificially, any time after fetal viability is attained by a method that aims to secure vaginal delivery. It is one of the important procedures in obstetrics. The key factor for a successful induction is the cervical status, consistency and dilatation which is determined by the Bishop’s score. Prostaglandins are more effective in cases of unfavourable cervix or in the pregnancies remote from the term. Misoprostol, a prostaglandin E1 analogue is relatively inexpensive, can be easily stored at room temperature and has fewer systemic adverse effects. It has rapid absorption both orally and vaginally.To determine the efficacy and safety of vaginally administered misoprostol for third trimester cervical ripening or induction of labour in a study conducted on 100 patients in Mahaveer Hospital, Scientific Research Institute, Surendranagar, Gujarat.This was prospective study conducted in private setup from October 2020 to February 2021. Study population comprised of 100 subsequent pregnant women who required induction of labour were recruited after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The progress of labour was charted on the partograph. The mean induction delivery interval, mode of delivery, maternal and neonatal outcome and complications were observed.
A survey of women’s birth experiences using the Birth Satisfaction Scale–Revised Indicator (BSS-RI)
Authors: N Madhumithaa , Kirubamani N Hephzibah 
Published: March 2021

Birth satisfaction is the key indicator for maternal and perinatal services. Analysis of birth experience is important to improve maternity care. The objective of this article is to assess the birth experience of the women delivering at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital and to compare the satisfaction scores in different modes of delivery and the satisfaction scores amongst women based on their parity.Prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted after ethical clearance and informed consent, among 100 women going through delivery at Saveetha Medical College, Obstetrics and Gynaecology department. The women were assessed by interview method with the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised Indicator and made to score from 0-2. The demographic details of the patient and the type of delivery along with their parity were also included. The results were analysed statistically based on which the care given during intrapartum period can be improved.Amongst the 100 women who participated in the study, 31 were primiparas and 57% of the women underwent normal vaginal delivery. The average score in women undergoing normal delivery was 5.15, with Caesarean section having an average score of 4.62. Multiparous women had an average score of 5.24 compared to primiparous women, who had an average score of 4.22.The satisfaction scores of women who underwent normal vaginal delivery was better than those who underwent Caesarean sections. Also, primiparas experienced more distress during labour compared to multiparas.
Seroprevalence of TORCH infection and adverse reproductive outcome in women with bad obstretic history
Authors: Makhijani Shrishti , Raut Sharmila S 
Published: March 2021

Aim of the study was to know the seroprevalence of TORCH infection in antenatal women with bad obstetric history and to co relate the same with different clinical presentations. IgM antibodies for TORCH infection were analyzed in the serum samples of 172 Bad obstetric history (BOH)cases attending Ante Natal clinic by using ELISA according to manufacturer’s instructions. Seroprevalence for , Rubella, CMV and HSV-2 was found to be 12.79%, 11.62%, 04.65% and 02.32% respectively. Highest seropositivity in spontaneous abortions (16.25%)and early neonatal deaths (8.33%) cases was seen with infection. In cases with history of IUD (09.37%) and congenitally malformed babies (22.22%) maximum seropositivity was found for Rubella. History of still births (25%) was equally associated with and Rubella infection. There is a need of screening programmes during antenatal visits to reduce repeated pregnancy wastages in our country. Early detection of IgM by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is useful for diagnosis of TORCH infection to reduce adverse fetal outcome.
Predictive value of thyroid stimulating hormone as a biomarker in intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Ganju Shriya 
Published: March 2021

Normal maternal thyroid function is essential for fetal growth and neurocognitive development. Intra uterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a complex condition arising from maternal, placental, or fetal mechanisms and any imbalance in thyroid function may lead to undesirable results for both mother and fetus.The aim of this study was to co-relate the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in clinically diagnosed cases of intra uterine growth restriction.A prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital for a period of one year in which one hundred and twenty consecutive clinically suspected cases of singleton IUGR pregnancies at 34-40 weeks of gestation were enrolled. The reference level of TSH during the third trimester was taken as 0.3 to 3.0 mIU/ L. The TSH levels were recorded and a descriptive analysis of the data was performed.Among the 120 clinically diagnosed cases of IUGR only three antenatal mothers from rural background had TSH levels below 0.3 mIU/L. All three were vegetarians. In these, hypothyroid antenatal mothers, the delivery outcomes were; one was born dead while the other two babies were born alive and required caesarean section. However, the two born alive had a very low birth weight; less than 1.5 kgs and both needed admission to neonatal intensive care unit.Since the causation of IUGR is multifactorial, the role of TSH alone may not be accurate to be used as biomarker for prediction of IUGR.
Prevalence and causes of stillbirths at a tertiary care hospital: One year study
Authors: Thaker Rajal V , Makwana Nilesh M , Baranda Shyama B , Tyagi Aditi A , Patel Foram P 
Published: March 2021

Stillbirth is a major obstetrical complication and devastating experience for parents as well as obstetricians. Identification of causes of stillbirth will be helpful in counselling of parents as well as formulating preventive measures. Objectives of current study were to study the prevalence, causes of stillbirth and associated complications to suggest preventive measures. This retrospective observational study was carried out from July 2018 to June 2019 at a teaching tertiary care hospital. Total number of birth during the study period was 6587 and total number of stillbirth was 109, hence prevalence of stillbirth was 16.5 per 1000 total births. Majority of patients 41(37.6%) belonged to maternal age group of 20-24 years of age. Majority of patients 73(67%) were multigravida. Majority 72(66.0%) were emergency admissions. Majority of stillbirth 88(80.7%) were preterm, less than 37weeks of gestational age. Majority of stillbirth 49(44.9%) were weighted from 1000-1499gram. Majority of stillbirth 65(59.6%) were male. Vaginal delivery occurred in 93(85.3%) and 16(14.7%) required surgical intervention. In 21(19.2%) no identifiable cause of stillbirth was found whereas causes identified in 88(80.8%). Stillbirth occurred in 27(24.8%) cases of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and 24(22%) patients of anaemia. Other causes of stillbirth were Abruption 9(8.2%), IUGR 9(8.2%), oligohydramnios 5(4.6%) congenital malformation 3(2.8%), fever 3(2.7%), placenta previa 3(2.8%), gestational diabetes 2(1.9%), hypothyroidism 2(1.9%) and uterine rupture in 1(0.9%). DIC occurred in 4(3.6%). Majority of patients were unregistered and had not taken antenatal care or had inadequate antenatal care. Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy were the leading cause for stillbirth followed by anemia and unexplained causes. A significant proportion of stillbirths can be prevented by health education regarding importance of adequate antenatal care, warning signs and institutional deliveries. Emotional support and counseling of patients and her relatives are very much essential in patients having stillbirth.
Obstetric outcome after emergency cervical cerclage: A prospective observational study performed in CSI Kalyani hospital, Chennai
Authors: Shalini  , Meena Umachander , Malsri R 
Published: March 2021

Cervical insufficiency is a well documented etiological factor in preterm delivery. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Emergency cervical cerclage in women who presented with advanced cervical changes such as cervical dilatation and bulging fetal membranes. The study was prospective observational study performed in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology CSI Kalyani General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu over a duration of 18 months. This study included all women who presented in late second trimester with advanced cervical dilatation (2 to 4cms) for whom emergency cervical cerclage was done by McDonald technique. Out of the 15 patients for whom emergency cerclage was performed, 3 had spontanous abortion after cerclage, 6 had PROM and 5 of these patients had term delivery. The time interval between emergency cervical cerclage and delivery was 11 weeks. No surgical complications were reported. The mean gestational age at delivery was 32 weeks. 11 fetuses were live born after the period of viability. 3 of these babies were admitted to NICU. Post emergency cervical cerclage, the outcomes in terms of prolongation of pregnancy, live births and neonatal survival are better.
A study on role of cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) in diagnosis of genital tuberculosis among patients of infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease
Authors: Kesarwani Pushkar , Keshari Versha , Srivastava Reena , Pandey Sarita , Mishra Devendra 
Published: March 2021

Female genital TB (FGTB)– referring to TB of the uterus, fallopian tubes and/or Ovaries. It poses a diagnostic dilemma because of its varied presentations and lack of sensitive and specific methods of diagnosis, though CBNAAT gives rapid result. To study the role of CBNAAT in the Diagnosis of Genital Tuberculosis among infertility and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) Patients. 102 patient of infertility (52) and chronic PID (50) were enrolled for our cross-sectional study. Mantoux, ESR, Histopathology, CBNAAT was performed in all 102 cases and Hysterosalpingography (HSG), Laparoscopy, Hysteroscopy in selected cases. Patient with clinical features of genital TB, supported with TB suggestive test were diagnosed as high suspicious genital TB (GTB+) and rest Low suspicious GTB (GTB-) cases. 14/ 52 cases of infertility and 18/ 50 cases of chronic PID were clinically diagnosed as High suspicious genital TB (GTB+). In our study, overall Prevalance of GTB was 31.37%, among infertility patient prevalence was 26.92% and among chronic PID was 36%. 16/32 (50%) mantoux positive, 25/32 (78.13%) had increased ESR. On HSG, 10/52 (19.23%) infertility cases, on laparoscopy 24/32 (75%), on endometrial histopathology only 3/32 (9.37%) cases had finding suggestive of TB. CBNAAT could detect tubercular bacilli only in 25% (8/32) TB cases. High index of suspicion for FGTB is must for diagnosis. Unlike Pulmonary TB, role of CBNAAT in the diagnosis of female genital TB is limited. PPV of CBNAAT for diagnosis of GTB is almost 100%.
Impact of Kangaroo mother care on the maintenance of temperature and weight gain of newly born low birth weight babies
Authors: Margekar Purnima , Parekh Premlata , Margekar Shubha Laxmi 
Published: March 2021

In preterm and LBW infants, skin-to-skin contact between the mother and her infant decreases maternal postpartum depressive symptoms and improves self-efficacy and mother-child bonding. However, evidence supporting it is lacking. To evaluate the impact of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) on the maintenance of temperature and weight gain of newly born low birth weight babies. Fifty newborn babies weighing less than 1.8 kgs were studied at a tertiary level neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)from August 2013 to August 2014. An equal number of new-borns from the same setting, matched for weight and gestational age received routine care (warmer) and acted as controls. A special bag or kangaroo pouch was designed to keep the baby in close contact with the mother to provide KMC. Weight gain and temperature maintenance were studied. Maximum number of cases and control was 1-10 days old. A maximum number of cases and controls were babies between 1.251 to 1.800 kgs i.e. 70% and 72% respectively. In the KMC group, the majority (52%)had weight gain between 100-200gm, while in the control group 52% of subjects had weight gain between 0-100 gm. Maximum number of babies in KMC group (52%) gained 15.1-20gm/day vs 0-5 gm/day in controls (42%). 70% of the KMC group while 66% of the control group was discharged between 1.25-1.5 kg weight. The pre-intervention mean temperature in neonates of the case group was 35.99 ± 0.59 °F, while the post-intervention mean temperature in the case of group neonates was 37.01 ± 0.22 °F. Thus, the neonates in the case group had gained temperature after the intervention (p&#60;0.001).The babies in the KMC group demonstrated more weight gain and temperature.
Sexual practices in pregnant women belonging to low socio-economic status at a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, India
Authors: Rai Chanda , Banerjee Ananya , Meena Manisha 
Published: March 2021

Sexual changes in pregnancy remains a rarely discussed topic here in India because of social taboos and the embarrassment couples face in discussing these issues. To highlight the sexual changes that take place in all three trimesters of pregnancy and to evaluate the various factors which influence it. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics & Gynecology at VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi.. Two hundred and five consenting women were asked open end questions about their sexual health and variation in the different trimesters. Women with complications like any bleeding or leaking in pregnancy were excluded from the study. Factors affecting their sexual life were taken into account. Data was summarized using descriptive statistics and analysed in SPSS software. Our study showed a decline in the frequency of sexual activity by the third trimester with the percentage of women engaging in sexual activities in the first, second and third trimester being 36.6%, 43.9% and 6.3% respectively. Around 9.8% women totally refrained from coitus throughout pregnancy. Libido was found to decrease in 38% of women. The prohibiting factors for coitus included the risk of preterm labour, bleeding and chances of infection to the baby. None of these couple thought of seeking a health professional’s advise for their sexual problems. Counselling for sexual health must be initiated by the health workers as it will help couples who are embarrassed to discuss these issues owing to the social and cultural norms. This will help to bridge the communication barrier and will be instrumental to a healthy sexual life of married couples who are expecting a child. Sexual health in pregnant women largely remains a less discussed topic.There is a decline in coital frequency during pregnancy.There are many factors like fear of harming of the fetus which women do not discuss with their health-care providers.
Induction of labour with oral misoprostol solution 20 microgram versus vaginal misoprostol 25 microgram 6th hourly
Authors: Uthrakumar Vijayalakshmi , Sarella Lavanyakumari 
Published: March 2021

Induction of labour is the artificial initiation of labour before the spontaneous onset, and it is the common obstetric intervention. To compare the potency of oral misoprostol solution with vaginal misoprostol to induce labour at term. This randomized control study was carried out from July 2020 to September 2020 at Government General Hospital, Kakinada. : 80 women requiring induction were recruited in the study. The women were randomized to receive 20 micrograms of oral misoprostol solution every 2 hourly or vaginally 25 micrograms of misoprostol every 6 hourly until the labour sets in the active phase of labour. Delivery within 24 hours was the outcome in the study. Data were documented in Microsoft excel and analyzed using SPSS software. : 82.5% of women in the oral group delivered by spontaneous vaginal delivery, whereas 75% in the vaginal group. In the oral group, 37.5% of delivery occurred within 6-12 hours, 40% delivered within 12-18hours duration, whereas in the vaginal group, 12.5% delivered within 6-12hours duration, 50% delivered within 12-18hours duration. Oxytocin augmentation was required in 25% of the oral group, whereas 42.5% in the vaginal group. Meconium stained liquor was 12.5% in the oral group, whereas 20% in the vaginal group.12.5% underwent cesarean section in the oral group, 10% in the vaginal group. Compared with vaginal misoprostol, oral misoprostol solution results in shorter induction delivery interval and less oxytocin augmentation required.
A comparative study to assess the prevalence of depression among postnatal mothers undergoing normal versus caesarean delivery
Authors: Rajaratnam Annie , Junaidi Shifa , Safoorah Ayshath , Kakunje Anil 
Published: March 2021

Among the women during the time of pregnancy and childbirth the most common psychiatric morbidity seen is post natal depression. In order to reduce the effect of delivery on the mental health of mothers and also to increase the quality of life among such mothers numerous scales have been developed and one of such scale is Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) which is considered to be reliable and effective in diagnosing mothers who are at risk for Post Partum depression. The present comparative study was done at a tertiary care centre from December 2019 to February 2020. Study subjects were divided into two groups (Normal delivery and caesarean delivery) and a total of 40 study subjects were included in each group for the purpose of the study. Prevalence of postnatal depression measured by EPDS scale was high in caesarean sections compared to normal deliveries. In normal delivery group, 27.5% of subjects had postnatal depression and in caesarean group, 55% of subjects had postnatal depression. The p value was found to be significant for Post natal depression between both the groups.In the present study it was concluded that the post natal depression was more among the subjects who underwent caesarean section when compared to those who underwent normal delivery.