bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in Nanoparticle Sintering Simulation: Multiple Layer Sintering and Sintering Subject to a Heat Gradient
Authors: Dibua Obehi , Foong Chee S. , Cullinan Michael 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Nanoparticles are being used in Additive Manufacturing to improve on the minimum feature sizes that the processes are able to achieve. In order to accurately control this process, it is important to understand the underlying characteristics that define the sintering of nanoparticles. This is done by modelling the process. A nanoparticle simulation has been introduced to model the sintering between the nanoparticles in a powder bed. These simulations make use of Phase Field Modelling to track the diffusion between the particles in the system. However, the current state of the simulations only consider the sintering of single layers of powder beds subject to isothermal heating. For the simulation to be able to simulate an actual Additive Manufacturing process where a 3D part is built, the model has to consider the characteristics of multiple layers of nanoparticles in beds undergoing sintering. Additionally, during Additive Manufacturing processes like Selective Laser Sintering, where the bed is not undergoing an even temperature heating, a nanoparticle sintering simulation for this process must be able to account for these temperature changes. This paper presents advancements in simulating nanoparticle sintering to be able to model the sintering behavior between multiple layers of nanoparticles as well as the effects of a temperature gradient on the sintering of nanoparticles.
Mask-EdTM: A scoping review
Authors: Bridgman Kate , Hughes Phillip 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Simulation is commonly used in health professional education. Mask-EdTM is a novel form of teacher-in-role methodology involving the educator wearing a purpose-made silicone mask to become the simulated patient. The simulation unfolds spontaneously and in response to the students’ or cohorts’ knowledge, skills or learning objectives. The evidence to support adoption appears limited. This is significant given the resources required to establish a Mask-EdTMcharacter and the changes to courses educators will likely make to embed this simulation. This scoping review aims to explore the current literature and evidence base relating to Mask-EdTM.Methods: A scoping review was completed in September 2020 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. Five databases and Google Scholar were searched for English, peer-reviewed publications containing variants of “Mask-Ed”. Screening and data charting were completed independently by both authors and then reviewed collaboratively. A descriptive analysis was conducted reporting findings based on study design. A thematic synthesis was completed for studies containing qualitative data.Results: Eighteen studies published between 2011 and 2020 by Australian universities and health institutions were included. Twelve studies reported on 10 unique datasets drawing on survey, focus group and mixed method designs. Two studies reported case studies without data, one study was on training and a final three provided research summaries or pedagogical discussion of Mask-EdTM. Conclusion: There is emerging evidence, self-reported by preclinical nursing students, that Mask-EdTM supports improved engagement and confidence in formative learning activities. There is limited evidence, however, to support use in other health or medical disciplines or in individual or summative assessment.
Preparing dental graduates to provide care for frail and care-dependent older patients: An educational intervention
Authors: Nilsson Angie , Young Louise , Croker Felicity 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Australia’s population is living longer and retaining more of their dentition. While the demand for oral health services in residential aged-care facilities increases, there is a call for further inclusion of gerodontology in the undergraduate dental curriculum. This qualitative study explored the attitude of dental students to providing oral health care to older people using a pilot gerodontology curriculum as an intervention during a final-year clinical placement in Hobart, Tasmania.Methods: Focus groups with undergraduate dental students on clinical placement were conducted in 2018 prior to and after implementation of a pilot gerodontology curriculum. The qualitative data was thematically analysed.Results: Two focus groups were conducted with a total of 18 dental students. The main themes included: applied practical learning in aged care, unpreparedness for managing frail older patients, lack of confidence with the process of gaining consent from people with dementia, barriers to providing care to older people and interactions with residents and staff of residential aged-care facilities. Conclusions: This study highlighted the barriers for dental students providing care to older people. There is a need to evaluate how gerodontology is currently taught in the undergraduate dental curriculum to better prepare the dental workforce to respond effectively and more confidently to the growing population of dentate older people in residential aged-care facilities.
Take 5: Designing and evaluating 5-minute eLearning for busy hospital staff
Authors: May Nicholas , Young Jeanne , Gillman Lucia 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Ongoing professional education is an essential activity to ensure that hospital staff are using the best available evidence to deliver healthcare. Hospital staff from a range of professional groups cite increasing work volume and being too time poor to complete or attend education. To address this issue, a new 5-minute online education format (Take 5) was developed.Methods: A descriptive study using a short evaluation survey was undertaken at Royal Perth Hospital in Perth, Western Australia, to evaluate interprofessional healthcare staffs’ levels of engagement with the new education format.Results: The Take 5 education format facilitated the development of over 120 topics available via an intranet library page. During the study, it received 26,623 hits, averaging 19.3 visits per day. Topics were downloaded 45,611 times. Medication discrepancies (n = 1,326) and personal protective equipment (PPE) conservation (n = 1,115) were the most frequently downloaded. A total of 2,001 evaluation surveys were received, with nursing and medicine having the highest participation. The majority of staff (n = 1,895; 94.4%) rated the resource as having “good” to “high” quality content. Qualitative data showed that the topics were informative, easy to access and understand and perceived to help the participants change their clinical practice.Conclusion: The Take 5 uptake has been strong and sustained, as highlighted by the substantive utilisation and evaluation. The concept was not designed to replace formal education but to act as an adjunct, providing key education to meet staff demands. It provided immediacy of information and quality evidence-based content and directed the learner to more formal learning content and resources.
Dietary Inflammatory Index in relation to psoriasis risk, cardiovascular risk factors, and clinical outcomes: a case-control study in psoriasis patients
Authors: Kashani Arvin , Moludi Jalal , Lateef Fateh Hawal , Tandorost Arash , Jafari-Vayghan Hamed , Dey Priyankar 
Published: August 2021

Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease. Despite the understanding of disease pathogenesis, the link between diet-induced inflammation and the risk of psoriasis remains underexplored. Therefore, we examined the capability of the literature-derived energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) as a predictive tool for inflammation, incidence, and severity of psoriasis (as indexed by the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI)). We conducted a case-control study of 149 adults (75 cases and 74 controls). The E-DII score was calculated based on the dietary intake that was evaluated using a validated 168 item quantity food-frequency questionnaire. The E-DII tertile cut-offs were categorized based on the following cut points: tertiles 1 ≤ −1.99; tertiles 2 = −2.00 to 0.60; tertile 3 ≥ 0.61. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the multivariable odds ratio (OR) adjusted for confounders. Patients with higher pro-inflammatory E-DII had a 3.60-times increased risk of psoriasis relative to patients in tertiles 1 (E-DIIT3 vs E-DIIT1: OR = 3.64; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.51 to 8.79, P = 0.005). The severity of disease as indexed by PASI remained associated with E-DII (E-DIIT3 vs E-DIIT1: OR = 3.64; 95% CI 1.74 to 7.57, P = 0.015). For each unit increase in E-DII, the probability of disease severity is increased 3 times. Patients consuming a more pro-inflammatory diet were at a greater risk of psoriasis. These patients also demonstrated increased disease severity relative to individuals consuming a more anti-inflammatory diet. Novelty: A pro-inflammatory diet is associated with higher psoriasis incidence. Subjects with higher DII scores had higher inflammatory markers levels.
On the Low-Degree Solution of the Sylvester Matrix Polynomial Equation
Authors: Tian Yunbo , Xia Chao 
Published: August 2021

We study the low-degree solution of the Sylvester matrix equation

A

1

λ
+

A

0

X

λ

+
Y

λ

B

1

λ
+

B

0

=

C

0

, where

A

1

λ
+

A

0

and

B

1

λ
+

B

0

are regular. Using the substitution of parameter variables

λ

, we assume that the matrices

A

0

and

B

0

are invertible. Thus, we prove that if the equation is solvable, then it has a low-degree solution

L

λ

,
M

λ

, satisfying the degree conditions

δ
L

λ

<
Ind

A
0

−
1

A

1

and
δ
M

λ

<
Ind

B

1

B
0

−
1

.
The Efficacy of Radiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma under Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Zhang Hao , Guo Linlin , He Pengfei , Chang Zheng 
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to analyze the application value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NC) radiotherapy. In this study, 102 patients with NC were selected as the experimental group (EG), and 58 healthy people examined in hospital were included in a control group (CG). All subjects were required to be examined with routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and DTI before and after the treatment. The fractional anisotropy (FA) of the patients in EG before and after treatment and the CG were recorded. The apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) of patients in the two groups were measured and recorded before and after the treatment. The recovery rate and adverse events of the patients in EG were observed and recorded after the treatment. The results showed that the FA values of the right cerebellum and left parietal lobe (LPL) of patients after treatment in the EG were much higher than those before treatment and the CG (

P

< 0.05); the FA values of the right temporal lobe (RTL), right occipital lobe (ROL), and right parietal lobe (RPL) after treatment in the EG were obviously lower than those before the treatment and the CG (

P

< 0.05); the complete remission rate (CRR) of the EG after treatment was greatly higher than the partial remission rate (PRR) and disease stability rate (DSR) (

P

< 0.05), and the objective remission rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were higher than 90%, respectively. The ADC value of the EG before treatment was (0.752 ± 0.021) × 10−3 mm2/s, which was visibly lower than that after treatment ((1.365 ± 0.058) × 10−3 mm2/s) and that in the CG ((1.856 ± 0.079)) × 10−3 mm2/s), showing statistically obvious differences (

P

< 0.05). The incidence of anemia, oral reactions, hypertension, and gastrointestinal reaction in the EG after treatment was 61.46%, 45.35%, 47.28%, and 39.67%, respectively. In short, the FA value of DTI parameter could clearly indicate the changes in brain area characteristics of NC patients before and after treatment. The RTL, ROL, and RPL of NC patients were damaged after radiotherapy, and the FA value decreased observably, which may be related to brain edema and demyelination changes. The damage of white matter microstructure in each brain area further affected the cognitive function of the patient.
Print Culture and Sufi Modernity: Al-Tuhāmī al-Wazzānī’s Embodied Reading of Morocco’s Nahḍa
Authors: Head Gretchen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Rethinking Arabic literary modernity, this article addresses what the act of reading means as Morocco moves from manuscript to print. In 1941, a leading figure of Morocco’s nahḍa, al-Tuhāmī al-Wazzānī, began to serialize his autobiography al-Zāwiya in one of the country’s earliest newspapers. Heralded as Morocco’s first novel, the moment marks the inauguration of a new reading public. Yet the text does not rely upon the reconfigured relationship with the reader accompanying the rise of print cultures in much of the Middle East and North Africa. Al-Zāwiya is a Sufi autobiography, a genre that invites its readers to assimilate the actions found within its pages. Al-Wazzānī draws upon this long tradition, using intertextual engagement to create a space of discourse that complicates the presumed secularity of Arabic literature during the nahḍa. Early Moroccan print culture thus provides an opportunity to reconsider the continuities of tradition embedded within modern literary practices.
The Limbu Script and the Production of Religious Books in Nepal
Authors: Gaenszle Martin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
With the rise of ethnic politics in Nepal, the Limbu (or: Yakthumba) have made increasing use of the Limbu script, also known as Srijanga or Kiranti. Whereas in the past this script was suppressed by the state and known only to a minority, since the return of democracy to Nepal in the 1990s a new literature using this script has come into being. Here, religious books play a prominent role. This essay deals with the emerging importance of the script as a marker of ethnicity since its first general propagation by Iman Singh Chemjong and Phalgunanda Lingden in the early twentieth century. It focuses on the early production of printed books, in particular books published by followers of the Satyahangma movement, which promotes reforms of Kiranti religion and society.
Early Hindu Sectarian Printed Books: An Analysis of a Tamil Library
Authors: Weiss Richard S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
On a trip to South India in the early 1850s, the German missionary Karl Graul collected a library of Tamil books. His library contains some of the first books that Tamils edited and published for Tamil audiences. This article analyses the Shaiva and Vaishnava works in this collection, arguing that in this early period of Tamil publishing, Tamil Hindus turned to print in part to counter Christian evangelisation. They edited and published texts previously transmitted on manuscripts, in order to build a corpus of Shaiva and Vaishnava printed books that would challenge the Christian monopoly of Tamil print. The article focuses on the editing activities and institutional affiliations of Tamil Shaiva editors, most importantly the prominent scholar Vedagiri Mudaliyar.
Vision, Worship, and the Transmutation of the Vedas into Sacred Scripture. The Publication of Bhagavān Vedaḥ in 1970
Authors: Larios Borayin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article discusses the first Indian compilation of the four Vedic Saṃhitās into a printed book in the year 1971 entitled “Bhagavān Vedaḥ.” This endeavor was the life’s mission of an udāsīn ascetic called Guru Gaṅgeśvarānand Mahārāj (1881–1992) who in the year 1968 founded the “Gaṅgeśvar Caturved Sansthān” in Bombay and appointed one of his main disciples, Svāmī Ānand Bhāskarānand, to oversee the publication of the book. His main motivation was to have a physical representation of the Vedas for Hindus to be able to have the darśana (auspicious sight) of the Vedas and worship them in book form. This contribution explores the institutions and individuals involved in the editorial work and its dissemination, and zooms into the processes that allowed for the transition from orality to print culture, and ultimately what it means when the Vedas are materialized into “the book of the Hindus.”
Heterodox Philology: A Conversation with Gauri Viswanathan
Authors: Allan Michael 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Michael Allan and Gauri Viswanathan discuss connections among philology, literary history, and religion, drawing from writers such as Edward Said, B.R. Ambedkar, Zora Neale Hurston, Louis Massignon, and Kumud Pawde. The conversation was initially conducted via Zoom on September 2, 2020, and collaboratively edited for readability.
Printing the Goddess: Intersections of Language, Place, Technology, and Agents of Transmission in Nepali Manuscript and Early Print Culture
Authors: Birkenholtz Jessica Vantine 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In late nineteenth-century Nepal, the advent of print and mass reproduction marked a critical and as yet understudied junction in Nepal’s literary history and attendant manuscript and print cultures. This article employs Nepal’s popular Svasthānīvratakathā to illuminate key shifts and intersections between language of composition, technologies of writing, places of composition or reproduction, and the agents of transmission that are emblematic of local manuscript practices and paradigmatic of the emergent print culture in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Nepal. The practices and actors involved in Svasthānī transmission shifted the text away from the private, domestic sphere to the public, translocal realm on multiple levels. Attending to these shifts as evidenced in one living devotional tradition indexes significant developments and intersections that deepen our knowledge of the changing linguistic, technological, geocultural, and socioeconomic aspects of the literary landscape in Nepal and South Asia more broadly.
Print Cultures in the Making in 19th- and 20th-Century South Asia: Beyond Disciplinary Boundaries
Authors: Pecchia Cristina , Buss Johanna , Chudal Alaka A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The study of the history of print technology in South Asia is a multidisciplinary enterprise which involves attentive consideration of the cultural and linguistic diversity of the region, as well as of the historical time in which print technology was massively adopted, namely the colonial period. Here, we focus on the complex fabric of relationships between print and modes of recording and using texts in long present oral and manuscript cultures, also pointing out the limits of applying interpretative models based on the cultural history of Europe to the histories of print in South Asia. Furthermore, we present aspects of the formative stage of print cultures concerning Vedic, Limbu, Nepali, Newari, and Tamil textual traditions—which are studied in the essays of this special issue. This multi-layered perspective helps making sense of social and cultural dynamics concerning the uses of printed books, the (new) meanings associated with them, and the formation of hegemonic configurations within literary and religious traditions.
Modern Nepali Oral Transmissions of Vetālapañcaviṃśati Stories to Europe
Authors: Chudal Alaka Atreya 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article presents three recitation versions of two tales from the famous Vetālapañcaviṃśati (VP; the “Twenty-Five Tales of an Animated Corpse”, a medieval Sanskrit anthology of riddle-tales) that made their way orally from South Asia to Europe. The original work is one of the rare Sanskrit texts to have been disseminated widely and over a long period of time. It is a work that has thrived in oral, manuscript and printed versions. The stories in question, recorded in Germany as retold by three Nepali prisoners of war during World War I, show how this pre-modern Indian textual tradition was received into modern vernaculars and recounted in modern settings. It documents the fluidity of texts as dependent on the reciter’s, scribe’s or publisher’s own outlook, as well as on differing times and circumstances. In addition to the text’s long history of transmission, colonialism and print capitalism were further factors that influenced the retelling of the VP.
Nepali Intellectuals in Exile: The History of Nepali Printing in 19th- and 20th-Century Benares
Authors: Chudal Alaka Atreya 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Restrictions on the freedom of speech and press, along with the unavailability of competitive printing solutions in Nepal under the Rana regime, caused the centre of gravity of scholarly activities to shift to India. A number of Nepali intellectuals, who came from a variety of backgrounds and had various reasons for having migrated to India, were involved in writing and publishing starting by the end of the 19th century. In those days Benares had few if any peers among Indian cities as a centre of local traditions of education and Sanskrit learning, and as a spiritual, economic and literary destination for Nepalis. Benares, which occupies a special place in Nepali history for its immense contribution to the country’s cultural, social, literary and political evolution, was also the main hub of Nepali print entrepreneurs. This article will delve into early such entrepreneurs and an array of Nepali printing activities in Benares before 1950.
Literature in Layers: An Early Theory of Retelling the Sanskrit Epics
Authors: Hawley Nell Shapiro 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This essay reconstructs an early chapter in the history of theorizing the diverse Rāmāyaṇa and Mahābhārata literature of South Asia. Drawing upon the tenth-century literary theorist Kuntaka’s discussions of the Udāttarāghava, Uttararāmacarita, Veṇīsaṃhāra, Kirātārjunīya, and Abhijñānaśākuntala—all Sanskrit poetic (kāvya) compositions that depict stories from the Rāmāyaṇa or the Mahābhārata—I show how, in Kuntaka’s understanding, these works repair certain narrative inconsistencies and ethical ambiguities in the epics themselves. Building on the foundation laid by his predecessor, Ānandavardhana, Kuntaka illuminates the various layers of meaning that a work of literature can encompass. He shows that the epics’ different narrative layers send conflicting messages about proper conduct. He suggests, moreover, that an audience experiences a kāvya retelling of an epic story as a layered entity—a layer of epic narrative beneath a layer of kāvya—and argues that an awareness of these layers can contribute to the audience’s ethical self-cultivation. Kuntaka’s theory of retelling (truly re-telling: telling again, purposefully, and differently from a previous accepted telling) represents an important theoretical account of the relationships between South Asia’s many Rāmāyaṇas and many Mahābhāratas.
Persian Treatises on Āyurveda: The Shaping of a Genre
Authors: Speziale Fabrizio 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article examines the translation of foreign materials into post-Abbasid Muslim medical culture by looking at the production of Persian works dealing with Ayurvedic medicine. From the 14th century onwards, the composition of Persian texts on Āyurveda emerged in South Asia as a new genre of writing, which was actually a composite genre including various kinds of texts. The Muslim physicians incorporate the other’s learning not by rejecting the principles of their receiving culture but rather by empirically applying the logic of their principles in understanding the foreign environment and the receiving culture. The composition of new texts on Āyurveda in Persian constitutes a prominent aspect of this engagement as well as a central element of the creation of a Persianised version of Ayurvedic treatment more likely to be circulated among Indian Muslim physicians. The Persian treatises apply new linguistic and cognitive categories to the analysis of the translated material; the interpretation based on the criteria of the receiving culture is added to, and sometimes replaces, the criteria of the source culture.