bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regression Models for Determining Dependencies on Various Factors on the Railway Line Zohor – Záhorská Ves
Authors: Čamaj Juraj , Čarný Štefan , Šperka Adrián 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Public passenger transport is presented as an opportunity to achieve future goals for establishing sustainable transportation systems. These systems are demanded from every member country of the EU for securing an ecologically friendly, fast, and reliable way of traveling in regions. Railway passenger transport is proven as a reliable and capable way of connecting regions. In many EÚ countries, railway transport has a certain gap, that could be improved without significant investments. In this study, we are focusing on negative consequences emerging from the cancelling operation of passenger transport on the chosen railway track. Most of the cancelations are affected by external influences. Individual car transport presents significant reasons with a noticeable impact on the potential of railway passenger transport in every region. On the railway line addressed in this article, passenger transport was cancelled in December 2019. This step was implemented for the constantly declining number of passengers. The object of the research is statistical dependence, characterized by the fact that the dependent variable is affected not only by independent variables but also by other unspecified variables and random effects. They are often called model faults or errors. This fact must be captured in a mathematical expression in a regression model. Based on this decision, it is necessary to seek answers to this situation using regression models that show the relationships between the number of passengers carried and the factors influencing their development. The main hypothesis is that the canceled of passenger transport was caused by low use by passengers. For example, with an increase/decrease in population, the number of passengers should increase/decrease the article verifies the dependences of the use of railway transport on the population of individual municipalities and on the development of fuel prices. Various dependencies (linear, polynomial, etc.) are used to test hypotheses. Testing of these dependencies will be performed using Fisher–Snedecor distribution. In the final part, the article also deals with the possibilities of using this line, as freight railway transport is no longer operated on this line. The research was carried out by a case study.
Clean Air for Indian Cities – Causes and Alleviation Strategies
Authors: Ramasesha Sheela K. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Air pollution in cities across the world is rising at an alarming rate. This rise in pollution has an adverse effect on people’s health leading to breathing difficulties, skin diseases and even cancer. The pollution in cities is mainly due to fossil fuel fired vehicles plying on the roads. Different polluting gases and particulate matter are discussed in the manuscript. Indian cities are no exception to this problem. With the general increase in population in the country, migration into cities has increased many folds. As a result, vehicular traffic on the roads has increased polluting the city atmosphere. This pollution has turned cities into heat islands. Two major cities of India, namely, Bengaluru and Delhi are considered in the manuscript for discussion. There are no simple ways of controlling this vehicular pollution and regulating the pollution. Strong policies have to be made and implemented. The way forward is pondered upon in the manuscript.
Modified technique for medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction – Its outcome with 2-year follow-up
Authors: Khetan Vatsal , Sabnis Bhushan , Usman Sajeer , Joshi Anant 
Published: January 2021

Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to present our modified technique for MPFL reconstruction. We also present its functional outcome, complications, and patients’ satisfaction from the procedure.

Materials and Method:
This study is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data during the period of July 2015 and March 2019. Forty cases in patients with recurrent symptomatic patellar instability without a patellar fracture and who underwent isolated MPFL reconstruction were included in the study. Kujala scoring was done to assess the functional outcome at follow-up. Post-operative dislocation and apprehension were recorded in each case along with any complication. Patients were asked to complete a subjective questionnaire postoperatively during follow-up, to assess their satisfaction with the surgical procedure.

Results:
Pre-operative Kujala score was 45.85 which improved to 92.72 postoperatively at the time follow-up. The improvement in Kujala score was found to be highly significant (P < 0.01). Subjective assessment of the procedure: 72.5% of the patients had an excellent outcome. About 15% of the patients had a good outcome whereas 10% had a fair outcome. Only one patient had a poor outcome.

Conclusion:
In properly selected patients with recurrent patellar instability, isolated MPFL reconstruction appears to be a safe and efficient surgical procedure for the stabilization of patella, with a low failure rate. Consistent good results with early rehabilitation can be obtained using suture anchors to fix the implant on patella and using the described technique.
Hubungan Kemelimpahan Fitoplankton dengan Faktor Lingkungan di Perairan Pantai Desa Madayin Lombok Timur
Authors: Armiani Sucika , Harisanti Baiq Muli 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan kemelimpahan fitoplankton dengan faktor lingkungan di perairan pantai Desa Madayin Kecamatan Sambelia Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret -ÃÂ Juni 2018. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling sebanyak 6 titik sampling yaitu 3 titik (stasiun 4, 5 dan 6) diambil dari muara outlet pembuangan limbah tambak udang, 1 titik (stasiun 3) diambil dari muara sungai, dan 2 titik (stasiun 1 dan 2). Sampel air yang diambil (50 liter) disaring mengunakan jaring plankton ukuran 25ÃÂµm. Air hasil saringan dimasukkan ke dalam botol dan diberi formalin 4%. Analisis fitoplankton dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi Fakultas MIPA Universitas Mataram. Pengukuran terhadap variabel kualitas fisik-kimia air yaitu: suhu, kecerahan, salinitas, pH, DO dilakukan secara in-situ. Sementara pengukuran terhadap kadar nitrat dan fosfat dilakukan di laboratorium dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai kualitas perairan berupa suhu, salinitas, pH, DO, kecerahan, Nitrat dan Fosfat masih tergolong baik dan mendukung untuk kehidupan aquatik khususnya fitoplankton. Diantara faktor lingkungan tersebut, faktor suhu dan fosfat memiliki korelasi yang tinggi terhadap kemelimpahan fitoplankton dengan nilai r sebesar 0,57.ÃÂ Kata Kunci : Kemelimpahan, Fitoplankton, Lingkungan
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Terhadap Literasi Sains Peserta Didik
Authors: Marlina Lena , Muntari Muntari , Sofia Baiq Fara Dwirani 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terhadap literasi sains peserta didik kelas X pada materi pokok larutan elektrolit dan non-elektrolit. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode quasi experiment dengan rancangan penelitian post-test only control group design. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas X MIAÃÂ MAN 2 Model Mataram. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X MIA 1 and X MIA 4 MAN 2 Model Mataram.Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa literasi sains peserta didik pada materi larutan elektrolit dan non-elektrolit dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah menghasilkan nilai rata-rata posttest ÃÂ 76,17. Sedangkan pada kelas yang menggunakan metode konvensional menghasilkan nilai rata-rata posttest ÃÂ 66,75. Pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan rumus uji-t sparated varians. HasilÃÂ uji-t pada taraf signifikan 5% diperoleh nilai thitung(4,14) Ã¢â°Â¥ÃÂ ttabel (1,671), yang berarti H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hal perhitungan tersebut menunjukan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBM) memberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap literasi sains peserta didik kelas X pada materi pokok larutan elektrolit dan non-elektrolit dibandingkan modelÃÂ pembelajaran konvensional.
Eco-design processes in the automotive industry
Authors: Staniszewska Ewelina , Klimecka-Tatar Dorota , Obrecht Matevž 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Every year approximately 70 million passenger cars are being produced and automotive industry is much bigger then just passenger cars. The impact of automotive industry on the environment is tremendous. From extracting raw materials through manufacturing and assembly processes, exploitation of the vehicle to the reprocessing irreversible, extensive environmental damage is done. The goal of this study is to show how implementing eco-design processes into supply chain management can reduce the impact of automotive industry on the environment by e.g. reducing the use of the fuel, increasing the use of recycled materials. Focus is on evaluation of current state, environmental impacts and potential improvements for design, raw materials, manufacturing and distribution and end-of-life phase.
Parametric optimization of process parameters for Electric discharge Machining of Tungsten carbide (93% WC and 7%Co)
Authors: Rajiv Sharma Kumar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Nowadays there is a huge demand of High Strength Temperature Resistance (HSTR) alloys such as titanium, carbide, nimonics and ceramics in aerospace, defence and electronics. Among these alloys machining of tungsten carbide alloy is of interest, because of its numerous applications. Complex shapes of tungsten carbide are not generally made by traditional manufacturing process. To machine tungsten carbide with high accuracy, non-traditional machining process like Laser beam machining, Electron beam machining and Electrical discharge machining are a proper choice. In the present paper, the authors have machined Tungsten carbide (93% WC and 7%Co) with copper electrode. The machining is performed on EDM MODEL 500 X 300 ENC with VELVEX EDMVEL-2 as dielectric oil. The 17 experiments are carried out based on RSM (Box-Behnken) method. Further, in order to find the optimum combination grey relational approach is used. The results showed that pulse-on-time of 40μs, pulse-off-time of 2μs and current of 8A are optimum combination for machining of Tungsten carbide (93% WC and 7%Co). Lastly, the confirmation experiment has been conducted.
Effect of non-zero mean stress bending-torsion fatigue on fracture surface parameters of 34CrNiMo6 steel notched bars
Authors: Macek Wojciech , Szala Mirosław , Trembacz Jarosław , Branco Ricardo , Costa José 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Modern methods of testing materials require the use of the latest technologies and combining measurement and calculation methods. It is important to find a quantitative way of describing, among other things, the failures so that it can help to design with high accuracy. This paper studies loading orientations on crack shape and fracture surface changes. The advantage of the entire fracture surface method is simplicity and applicability in studies on other materials, shapes and loadings. A higher values of fracture surface parameters (Sx, Vx) was observed in failure specimens with lower σ/τ (B/T) ratios. It has been observed that largest crack lengths with a small number of cycles occur for loading combinations different then B=T. As well as analyzed surface parameters Sx, Vx, are higher for larger number of cycles to crack initiation (Ni) values.
COMPLICATIONS IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DACRYOCYSTITIS
Authors: Minaiev O.O. 
Published: January 2021

Relevance. Effective treatment of chronic dacryocystitis (CD) remains an urgent problem of modern ophthalmology and rhinology. When studying this issue, not enough attention is always paid to complications.
Objective – to analyze the existing complications in the surgical treatment of patients with СD.
Material and methods. The study group (1st group) consisted of 45 patients with CD, who underwent endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EEDCR) according to the developed own method, the comparison group (2nd group) included 36 patients who after performing the developed EEDCR a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) conductor was installed in the area of the dacryorhinostoma. The control group (3rd group) included 28 patients who underwent EEDCR according to the traditional method: with the preservation and plastic placement of mucous flaps and with the installation of PVC-conductor. Patients of the 1st and 2nd groups were divided into 2 subgroups: 1A and 2A included patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) of the lacrimal ducts in the preoperative period according to the developed method and patients of subgroups 1B and 2B – according to the traditional algorithm. Statistical analysis was performed using the licensed program MedCalc (MedCalc Software bvba, Ostend, Belgium; 2017).
Results. In patients of subgroups 2A, 2B, and group 3 in the period of 1.5 months after surgery, local complications of the eyeball were recorded: epiphora during implant wearing, severe conjunctivitis, prolapse and displacement of the implant, granulation in the lower lacrimal duct, ectopia of the lower lacrimal point. No such complications were observed in patients of subgroups 1A and 1B. In patients of subgroups 1B, 2B, and group 3 in the early postoperative period were recorded varying degrees of swelling of the lower eyelid, as well as nosebleeds after removal of tampons. No such complications were observed in patients of subgroups 1A and 2A, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (p <0.05).
Conclusion. CT of the lacrimal ducts and EEDCR according to the developed methods are effective and allow their combined use to avoid local complications from the nasal cavity and eyeball.
ETHNO-BOTANICAL SURVEY OF PLANTS USED IN A RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS TREATMENT: A CASE STUDY OF JOS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Tongshuwar G.T. , Ojetunde A.O. , Oyegoke A.F. , Oyegoke T. 
Published: January 2021

Relevance. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder leading to the inflammation of the joints. This inflammation finds expression in the lining of the synovial tissues causing swellings and severe pains and deterioration of the bone in the long run. This disease's exact etiology is not yet to be ascertained; however, there are claims of the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. RA is one of the diseases ravaging the people of Jos in Nigeria, owing to the high cost of orthodox medicine.
Objective. The study was carried out to collect information and find out plants used to treat rheumatoid arthritis in Jos, Nigeria, in addition to the availability of the plant(s).
Materials and methods. An electronic-based questionnaire was used to get information from the respondents.
Result. Eight species of plants were reported to be used. Garlic (Allium sativum), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), and Onion (Allium cepa) were the dominant plants reportedly used. The parts of plants used are the plant bulb and stem. They are reported to be prepared by grinding and herbal mixture; chewing and decoction were not popular. Respondents with this information reported their willingness to share with both family and friends.
Conclusion. This study shows the availability of traditional RA treatment and the preservation of verbal form knowledge.
THE CASES OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN PROTRACTED QUARANTINE CAUSED BY COVID-19
Authors: Babkina O.P. , Ushko I.A. , Danylchenko S.I. , Tarasyuk V.O. , Vako I.I. 
Published: January 2021

Relevance. The analysis demonstrated that legislative documents in Ukraine were developed to prevent and combat domestic violence, protect and respect human rights. The basic standards of the regulatory framework of Ukraine are consistent with the Istanbul Convention. A positive moment in the modern legislation of Ukraine is the establishment of restrictive measures for people who have committed domestic violence in the form of a ban on staying in a place of joint residence with a person who has suffered from domestic violence. Some recommendations on conducting a forensic medical examination in cases of domestic violence are proposed. Displayed aspects of an ethical approach in the "Rules for the Examination of Victims, Accused, and Other Persons" in order to reduce psychological trauma during the examination.
Objective: to analyze and summarize the legal and forensic aspects of providing legal assistance to victims of domestic violence in Ukraine and to offer recommendations for their improvement
Material and methods. The materials are data from available Internet sources within the spring of 2020; 68 appeals to forensic medical institutions. The analysis was performed using a descriptive method; fixation methods, statistical processing of the results.
Results. Ukraine is oriented towards European standards, including in the area of issues of prevention and counteraction to domestic violence and respect for human rights. Recommended using modern methods of fixation during data collection and further examination of the victim in order to be able to use the obtained data by the parties to criminal proceedings / Сourt.
Conclusions. The issue of prevention and counteraction to domestic violence needs special attention and further resolution due to the increase in domestic violence cases, especially during quarantine caused by COVID-19.
Maternal Risk Factors of Placenta Praevia and Its Effects on Maternal and Fetal Outcome
Authors: Adhikary Alpana , Begum Anwara , Joty Fahmida Sharmin , Sarker Nihar Ranjan , Sultana Rifat 
Published: January 2021

Placenta praevia is one of the most serious obstetric emergencies, which continues to be an important contributor to perinatal mortality and is responsible for leading maternal and infant morbidity. Very few data on etiology of placenta praevia are available till now. This study aims to explore the maternal risk factors related to occurrence of placenta praevia and its effects on maternal and fetal outcome. This cross-sectional observational study was carried out among 3279 obstetrics patients admitted in labour ward in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sher-e-Bangla Medical College Hospital from January to December 2006. Out of 3279 obstetrics patients 93 placenta praevia cases were identified purposively as study subjects. The patients of placenta praevia were selected either diagnosed clinically by painless antepartum haemorrhage or asymptomatic placenta praevia diagnosed by ultrasonography irrespective of age, gestational age, parity, booking status. Pregnant woman admitted with painful antepartum haemorrhage were excluded from the study. With the ethical approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC), patients were selected after taking their written consent. A structured questionnaire and a chick list were designed with considering all the variables of interest. Out of 93 respondents, 73.88% were associated with risk factors in addition to advanced maternal age and high parity. Among them 24.73%, 33.33% and 7.52% had history of previous caesarean section (CS), MR and abortion and both CS & abortion previously. Patients aged above 30 years were 47% and 35.48% were in their 5th gravid and more; whereas, 31.18% patients were asymptomatic, 68.82% patients presented with varying degree of vaginal bleeding, among them 12.08% were in shock. Active management at presentation was done on 76.34% patients and 23.66% were managed expectantly. CS was done o 82.79% patients and only 17.2% were delivered vaginally. Case fatality rate was 1.07% and about 22% perinatal death was recorded, majority belonged to low birth weight (<1500 gm). About 10% patients required caesarean hysterectomy, 3.22% required bladder repair. Advanced maternal age, high parity, history of previous CS and abortion found to be common with the subsequent development of placenta praevia. Proper diagnosis, early referral and expectant management of patients will reduce prematurity, thereby improvised foetal outcome but to improve maternal outcome rate of primary CS have to be reduced and increase practice of contraception among women of reproductive age.
Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 7-12
Study on Day Care Transfusion Services in Transfusion Medicine Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Parvin Farida , Islam Md Ashadul , Dipta Tashmim Farhana , Biswas Danish Arefin , Bhuiyan Fakruddin , Naznin Bepasha , Md Wasim - , Chowdhury Romana , Hasan Md Nazmul 
Published: January 2021

Transfusion of blood components and derivatives in day care unit is an eminent part of management of transfusion dependent patients. Day care transfusion service is an alternative to hospital admission and beneficial for those patients who receive blood more frequently for their survival. The aim of present study is to assess Transfusion Services provided in a Day Care Unit (DCU) of a tertiary care hospital. This study was carried out in DCU of Transfusion Medicine Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, (BSMMU), in Dhaka during January to December 2014. Data were collected from record registers. Recorded retrospective data were analyzed as percentage and proportion. Total recipients were 718. Among those 424 (59.05%) were male and 294 (40.95%) were female and 562 (78.27%) were between 10 to 40 years. A total of 8587 units of blood components were used during this period. Red Cell Concentrate was most commonly utilized product 6388 (74.39%) followed by FFP 1360 (15.83%), Platelet Concentrate 544 (6.33%), Whole blood 260 (3.05%) and Cryoprecipitate 35(0.40%). Transfusion was required more frequently in thalassaemic 365(50.88%) patients. Haemophilia 77(10.72%) and aplastic anaemia patients 49 (6.82%) were next high. The main transfusion reaction observed during transfusion was febrile non-haemolytic reactions. For increasing use of specific blood product and hassle free transfusion services this kind of day care unit services should be strengthened. Long term study of this kind will help us to develop safe clinical transfusion practice.
Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 28-31
Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with Rotaviral Diarrhoea among Under Five Children in Sylhet Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Habib Farjana Binte , Rahman Mohammed Mirazur , Haque Md Moynul , Dey Probhat Ranjan , Das Premananda , Das Shantanu , Sutradhar Ipsita , Hasan Md Nazmul 
Published: January 2021

Retrovirus is the major cause of acute severe diarrhea in under five children and contributing 10,000 to 27000 deaths each year in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the risk factors associated with Rotaviral among under five children admitted in the Department of Paediatrics, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet and was carried out in the Department of Microbiology during the period from 1st January to 31st December, 2018. Total 184 under five children with acute watery diarrhoea were enrolled in this study by convenient sampling. Stool samples were obtained and assayed for rotavirus antigens by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Rotaviral antigen was found positive in 86 cases.The Rotavirus infection was found highest in age group of 7 to 12 months (50.56%) and in male (59.30%) children. It was found significantly higher in patients from lower socio-economic condition (64.00%), those who were from rural area (48.75%) and children who were not exclusively breastfed (83.87%). Bottle feeding, lower educational level of mother and overweight of children may serve as predisposing factors of rotavirus disease in these children.
Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 32-37