bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Effects of Soaking Oro-Pharyngeal Pack with Triamcinolone Acetonide in Or-Base Form on Postoperative Throat Discomfort in Patients Undergoing Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgeries
Authors: Fahmy Nouran Mohsen Ahmed , Ali Sultan Sherif Sayed , Emam Dalia Fahmy , Hasan Mohamed Ibrahim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Post-operative throat complaints frequently arise after general anesthesia in the first 2 postoperative days, but they are of limited intensity and duration and often regard it as a relatively minor complication.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of adding triamcinolone acetonide to Oropharyngeal packs on decreasing the postoperative throat discomfort.

Patients and Methods
After obtaining approval from the Research Ethical Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University No. FWA 000017585 at 10th of April 2019, this study was conducted in the operating theaters of Otorhinolaryngology department, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt. Prospective, interventional double – blinded, randomized, controlled trial. Study Period: From 10th of April 2019 to 10th of September 2019.

Results
Post was followed up in the studied patients in 30 minutes postoperative, and at the duration of 2 to 6 hours postoperative and 24 hours postoperative and the median was calculated. The median IQR of patients who developed sore throat after use of oral packs in our study from 2 to 6 hours postoperative in control group was 4 with range (3 -5), median IQR in study group during the same period was 3 with range (4 -5) with test value 2.194 using Mann-Whitney test with P-value 0.028 with significant result.

Conclusion
The use of oral packs with triamcinolone acetonide showed lower proportion of patients who developed dysphagia and hoarseness of voice in patients group compared to control group, while no one of the studied patients showed postoperative nausea and vomiting as complication of use of oral packs.
Dexmedetomidine versus Ketamine-Propofol for Sedation of Obese Patients Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Authors: Zaher Ola Nasser Hussain , El Kabarity Reem Hamdy , Ali Rania Magdy Mohamed , Mohamed Mohamed Moien 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Gastrointestinal endoscopy is an uncomfortable and stressful procedure for most patients. Conscious sedation is a common strategy for improving patient comfort during this procedure. Benzodiazepines (gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists) such as midazolam have been used for sedation of patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy. The effective dose ranges of such agents differ considerably among patients, making it difficult to achieve stable sedation. Also obesity is a significant health problem that has assumed epidemic proportions. As a result, the number of obese patients requiring endoscopy is increasing. It is relatively unknown how safe the current practices of sedation for endoscopic procedures are in bariatric patients. Therefore, special consideration should be given to these patients

Aim of the Work
To compare the sedative properties and haemodynamic and respiratory effects of Dexmedetomidine and a Ketamine-Propofol combination (ketofol) in obese patients undergoing Upper GI Endoscopy.

Patients and Methods
This study was conducted in the endoscopy unit of Ain Shams
University Hospital after obtaining approval from the Research Ethical Committee of Ain Shams University. A prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial was found to be the most suitable design in order to achieve the study objectives. Cases were divided into 2 groups using computer generated random list of numbers in sealed opaque envelopes.

Results
We found that ketamine-propofol infusion (1:3) is a better sedation regimen for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy compared to dexmedetomidine as lesser time is taken to achieve optimal sedation, with no hemodynamic unstability or postprocedure complications.

Conclusion
In this study, we compared a group of 40 upper GIT endoscopy obese patients (BMI 30-40) who received procedural sedation with either Dexmedetomidine or propofolketamine combination, we found that ketamine-propofol infusion (1:3) is a better sedation regimen for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy compared to dexmedetomidine as lesser time is taken to achieve optimal sedation, with no hemodynamic unstability or post procedure complications.
Effect of Growth Hormone on Outcome of Pediatric Burn Patients
Authors: Mohamed Gihan Seif El Nasr , Amin Salwa Omar ElKhattab , Kamal Mohamed Mohamed , Loka Sherif Hany Adly 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
A burn is a thermal injury caused by biological, chemical, electrical and physical agents with local and systemic repercussions. There are several ways of classifying burns: Classification by mechanism or cause, Classification by the degree and depth of a burn, Classification by extent of burn the extent of burn.

Objectives
The objective of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of using recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in the treatment of pediatric burn victims and their ICU length of stay, mortality and morbidity.

Patients and Methods
This study was an Interventional randomized controlled Double Blind Study in which Patients subdivided randomly into 2 groups: Group A received somatotropine hormone after their 3 days of resuscitation besides their conventional treatment during their stay in the Burn ICU. Group B received the conventional treatment only in the Burn ICU.

Results
The comparison between the GH group and the control group showed that the mean ICU stay in days in GH group was 10.88 while in the control group 13.59 with P value 0.018 as a significant result as the GH group showed a less ICU stay time than the control group with approximately 20%. Mortality in the GH group was 6.2% from the total number of the group while in control group 18.8% from the total number of the group with P value 0.033 as a significant result yet the mortality may also depend on other factors as the degree of burn and the area of burn and the associated events like inhalational injury or delay post burn or any other co-morbidity. Morbidity results seen was 0% in control group and 4.7% in GH group with P value 0.080 as a non-significant result, morbidity was in the form of hyperglycemia.

Conclusion
The use of recombinant Growth hormone with a dose of 0.2 mg/Kg SQ 2 days per week with 3 days time interval in pediatric burn patients after their primary resuscitation from the burn injury, shows a marvelous improvement concerning the ICU stay time as the patient received the growth hormone showed an approximately 20% time less ICU stay than the control group this may be accounted for the faster wound healing and readiness for grafting and even faster graft healing, also a decreased mortality in a significant way, although mortality may depend on many factors in burn patients like degree of burn and the area of burn and the associated events like inhalational injury or any other co-morbidity.
Comparison between Ultrasound Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block versus Ultrasound Guided IlioInguinal/Iliohypogastric Nerves Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Unilateral Oblique Inguinal Hernia Repair Under General Anesthesia
Authors: Faramawy Shrouk Ayman Mohamed Soliman , Abdel-Latif Samia Abdel-Mohsen , Abdel-Atte Mohamed Abdel-Salam Menshawe , Ahmed Ibrahim Mohammed El Sayed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Inguinal hernia considered the third common disease in surgeries for adults after acute appendicitis and proctologic disorders. About 20 millions of inguinal hernia repairs are performed globally. Inguinal herniorrhaphy is frequently associated with persistent postoperative pain.

Objectives
The aim of this study is to assess the postoperative analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block compared to ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerves block after unilateral inguinal hernia repair regarding the pain relief, effect on hemodynamics, requirement of first supplemental doses of analgesia and total number of doses received.

Patients and Methods
The study was conducted on 70 randomly chosen patients aged 21 to 60 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I or II scheduled for elective unilateral open inguinal hernia repair under general anesthesia, in Ain Shams University Hospitals after approval of the medical ethical committee.

Results
The results of the study revealed that there is Patients receiving TAP block had significantly lower pain scores at 4 h and 6 h after operation, delay time for rescue analgesia and decrease total need of analgesic in first 24 h post operative compared with patients who received ilioinguinal/ iliohypogastric nerves block.

Conclusion
TAP block was effective in reducing postoperative pain scores for 4-6 hours, lowering total 24-h postoperative opioid and analgesic consumption and delaying the need for rescue analgesia after inguinal hernia repair under general anesthesia, compared to ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerves block. This technique can be a promising mode of postoperative analgesia when epidural catheter insertion is contraindicated.
Role of Ultrasound-Guided Tru-cut Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Peripheral Lung and Pleural Lesions
Authors: Wagih Khaled Mohamed , Osman Nehad Mohammed , Heta walid , Abdellatif Fatma El-Zahraa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Transthoracic needle biopsy is a well-established technique for diagnosing pulmonary lesions. Computed tomography (CT) is usually used as guidance. Ultrasound (US)-guided biopsy is a relatively affordable modality for diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions (PLLs; also known as peripheral pulmonary lesions [PPLs]) and peripheral pleural lesions.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to study the diagnostic yield of US guidance sampling a consecutive series of peripheral lung and pleural lesions and potential factors influencing the diagnostic yield with recording the occurrence of any complications.

Patients and Methods
This was a prospective study that was conducted at Ain Shams University Hospitals upon a population of 60 patients, during the period from September 2018 to August 2019. A special puncture transducer is used to perform US-guided biopsy with visualization of the biopsy needle and the lesion; facilitating the sampling procedure.

Results
The use of US-guided transthoracic needle biopsies across 60 patients was shown to have a yield of 75% which found the occurrence of 45 conclusive and 15 non-conclusive results From this study population, 70% (n = 42/45) were found to have malignant manifestations, of which 26 were undifferentiated high grade adenocarcinoma, and 9 were moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. As for complications arising from the biopsy procedure, twenty percent 20% (n = 12) of patients suffered from complications in the form of hemoptysis in 8 which was controlled by hemostatic measures and 4 patients acquired pneumothorax, three (¾) of them received high flow oxygen and conservative treatment and only one (1/4) patient had intercostal tube placement. Diagnostic yield was significantly increased with the presence of Wedge shaped hypoechoic lesions(p &lt; 0.001), hard Mass consistency was significantly highly associated with conclusive results (p &lt; 0.001), as well as a significant link between the longitudinal diameter of masses that had a mean length of 45.05mm ±12.93mm (#x0003D; 0.029).It also showed that more biopsies taken were highly significant correlation with conclusive outcomes (p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
US-guided biopsy is a robust and accurate procedure to effectively diagnose peripheral lung lesions, with a low incidence of complications and gradually improving results with the mastery of the procedure.
Study of long non-coding RNA and mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic rats
Authors: Kamal Haytham K , Moustafa Amr S , Elayat Wael M , Lasheen Noha N , AbouGhalia Azza H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide health problem. Many factors participate in the pathogenesis of DM, including genetic, autoimmune, metabolic, dietary and environmental factors. Intact mitochondrial function is essential for prompt cellular metabolism and energy balance. Malfunctioning mitochondria lead to disturbed glucose metabolism and therefore evolving of DM. Epigenetics plays a role in the control of geneencoded proteins of mitochondrial function and dynamics. One of the primary epigenetic effectors is a family of long non-coding RNAs. The role of lncRNA, H19 in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics has been recently investigated.

The Aim of the work
This study aims to evaluate the possible functional role of lncRNA, H19 and its relation to mitofusin-2 (MFN2) expression in diabetic rats.

Subjects and methods
This study was performed on adult male albino rats divided into diabetic and control groups. Induction of type 1 DM was conducted through single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Serum measurement of glucose, lipid profile, urea, creatinine, and creatine kinase were performed. Blood pressure measurement, ECG recording, and echocardiography were also performed. Histological examination of cardiac and renal tissues was also performed. In addition, quantitative expression of cardiac and renal tissue MFN2 and lncRNA H19 was determined using qPCR.

Results
Serum CK-MB and lipid profile levels were markedly elevated in diabetic group compared to controls. Also, kidney functions (serum creatinine, creatinine clearance and albumin creatinine ratio) were markedly elevated in diabetic group compared to controls. Histological examination revealed necrotic changes and intercellular micro hemorrhages in both cardiac and renal tissues of diabetic rats. Expression level of MFN2 gene was lower in diabetic heart and significantly lower in diabetic kidney, as compared to control. Expression of lncRNA H19 was higher in diabetic heart and diabetic kidney as compared to control but without statistical significance.

Conclusion
In diabetic rats, hyperglycemia had inverse relationship with mitofusin expression and direct proportional relationship with H19 expression. We concluded that hyperglycemia has effect on mitochondrial dynamics suppressing fusion in favor of fission and mitophagy, while H19 expression serve to counterpart the effect of hyperglycemia. In the future, MFN and H19 could serve as potential therapeutic target to reverse effects of hyperglycemia and its complications in DM.
Transcriptome Spectral Analysis using Hyperspectral Imaging for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Detection
Authors: Aboughaleb Ibrahim H , Matboli M , Shawky Sherif M , Aref Mohamed Hisham , El-Sharkawy Yasser H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a noteworthy health problem with a poor diagnosis due to limited detection techniques. Transcriptome studies can be used to classify cancer further away from anatomical location and histopathology. Recent studies demonstrated the novelty of numerous types of specific RNA biomarkers that differentially expressed both the normal liver and the HCC tissues, but those specific types overlapped with the detection of other types of cancers. In this study, total RNA was used to ensure the existence of differences between different cancer types. A multispectral light source (340-1000 nm) interacted with the sample. Multi-wavelengths images were captured using a hyperspectral camera (wavelength 380-1000 nm). The optimum wavelength to discriminate between the normal and HCC samples was selected by calculating the optical properties (transmission, absorption and scattered light). Results showed specific spectral signatures for total RNA within the red-band (633-700 nm) that discriminate HCC from control. The amount of light scattering, transmission and absorption relatively changed due to the variations of size, shape, and concentration of total RNA. The spectral RNA signature that is dependent on the shape and size of total RNA may be utilized as the gold standard for HCC detection.
The effect of nutri-epigenomic agent “pterostilbene” on the expression of ADAR enzyme(s) in HCC animal model
Authors: Desoky Islam A , Zaki Kamelia Ahmed , Mohamad Magda I , Kassim Samar Kamal 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
A-to-I RNA editing represents a new player in the pathogenesis of cancer. However, the knowledge of RNA editing process in cancer is still limited and represents only the tip of the iceberg. The ADAR gene family regulate the dynamic landscape of RNA editing. Aberrant RNA editing status played a vital role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The nutri-epigenomic agent- pterostilbene- exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and antiproliferative activities. However, the effect of pterostilbene on ADAR(s) expression in HCC was not studied before.

Aim of the work
to evaluate the potential effect of pterostilbene administration on Adar(s) expression in HCC rats.

Materials and methods
Twenty four adult male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group, untreated HCC group received diethylnitrosamine (DENA) for 14 weeks, HCC group take received pterostilbene and DENA for 14 weeks, and non-HCC rats were given pterostilbene for 14 weeks. These groups were subjected to histological examination of liver tissues, laboratory measures (serum albumin, ALT, AST, and α fetoprotein), and Adar(s) expression by real time-PCR.

Results
liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and α fetoprotein levels in treated HCC group were significantly lower than untreated HCC group (p&lt;0.05). Serum albumin levels were significantly higher in treated HCC rats than untreated HCC group (P&lt;0.05). Adar1 was highly expressed in untreated HCC rats in comparison to the control group (p&lt;0.05). Meanwhile, treated HCC group had lower expression levels of Adar1 in comparison to untreated HCC rats.

Conclusions
pterostilbene had a beneficial effect on HCC and it may alleviate the aberrant expression of Adar1 in HCC rats.

Key words
HCC, ADARs, pterostilbene, RNA editing enzymes.
Acknowledgments: No finical support was present
Conflict of interest: the authors declared that no conflicts of interest concerning the article.
Authors’ contributions: The authors contributed to the design and implementation of the research, to the analysis of the results and to the writing of the manuscript
The effect of Surgical Technique, Age and Trisomy 21 on early outcome of Surgical Management of Complete Atrioventricular Canal Defect
Authors: Azzab Sherief , Samy Ahmed , Singab Hamdy , Ghanam Mohamed EL , Tarek Ahmed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The optimal timing, surgical technique and the influence of Down syndrome on outcome of surgical repair of Complete Atrio-Ventricular Canal Defect (CAVC) remains uncertain. We reviewed our experience in repair of CAVC to identify the influence of these factors on operative outcome.

Methods
A prospective study included 70 patients who underwent repair of CAVC at Ain Shams university hospitals, academy of cardiothoracic surgery during the period from July 2016 to October 2019. Age at surgery (less than 6 months old versus later), surgical technique used [(modified single patch versus double patch technique), (use of posterior annuloplasty for repair of left AV valve or not)] and association of Down syndrome were evaluated for their impact on the outcome of surgical repair using multivariate analysis. Patients were followed up for 6 months; primary end point was mortality and secondary end point was reappearance of LAVV regurgitation.

Results
No significant difference between patients operated on, at the first 6 months of age versus later, regarding mortality or LAVV regurgitation. Down patients showed significant difference in the occurrence of postoperative compared to non-Down patients (LAVVR grade 2 + = 8.9% vs 24%, P value =0.005) respectively. Surgical repair by Modified single patch technique showed significant reduction in cross clamp time (mean = 47.6 ± 9.227 min vs 73.55 ± 21.087 min, P value 0.00), shorter bypass time (mean = 71.13 ± 13.507 min vs 99.19 ± 27.092 min, P value =0.00) and shorter duration of ICU stay (mean =3.2 ± 1.657 days vs 5.3 ± 2.761 days, P value=0.01) as compared to double patch technique. Posterior annuloplasty used for repair of LAVV compared to closure of cleft only resulted in significant reduction in the occurrence of post-operative valve regurgitation during the early period (LAVVR 2+ 43% vs 7%, P value=0.03) and at 6 months of follow up. (LAVVR 2+ 35.4% vs 0%, P value=0.01) respectively.

Conclusion
early intervention, in the first 6 months in patients with CAVC by surgical repair gives comparable acceptable results to later repair, Down syndrome was not found to be a risk factor for early intervention. Modified single patch and double patch techniques for repair, can be used both with comparable results even in large VSD component (8mm and larger), finally, repair of common AV valve by cleft closure with posterior LAV annulplasty showed better results with significant decrease in postoperative LAV regurgitation and early mortality in comparison to closure of cleft only.
Post operative echocardiographic follow up after mitral valve replacement by different types of biological valves
Authors: sayed Gamal samy , Ismael Ihab Abdel razek , Shahin Khalid Mohamed , Hanna Angelo Emad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This retrospective study compares porcine with bovine bioprosthesis in mitral position with regard to valvular degeneration.

Methods
Between 2005 and 2019, 15 patients underwent mitral valve replacement with porcine Epic biological valve (St-Jude) and 15 patients underwent mitral valve replacement by bovine Carpentier –Edwards Perimount biological valve and follow up ecocardiogarphy was done to evaluate valvular degeneration of both types

Results
Bovine type showed longer durability than porcine and less valvular degeneration within 14 years of follow up regardless age of patient, cause of valve replacement, or lesion of valve Coclusion: Bovine bioprothesis are better than porcine regarding durability
Effect of Iron deficiency on health-related quality of life in chronic heart failure patients regardless of anaemia status
Authors: Fawzy Ahmed Alaa Eldin , Keddas Viola William , Elkelany Wael Mahmoud 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) patients have marked functional limitations causing a significant impact on Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in these patients. Iron Defeciency is very common in Heart Failure patients & it is suggested that it affects HRQoL in CHF patients regardless of the Anemia status .

Objective
To evaluate the impact of iron deficiency (ID) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients using Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire (MLHFQ) in patients with normal hemoglobin levels .

Methods
From October 2018 to August 2019 ,100 patients with CHF from out- patient clinics in ASU university hospitals were subjected to history taking , examination , Echocardiography , measurement of Iron status using serum ferritin, Assessment of Health
Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) using Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) . Patients then were divided into 2 equal groups depending on their serum ferritin level & comparison of MLHFQ score between the 2 groups was done .

Results
The study population was divided into 2 groups: Iron Defecient (ID) (n = 50)
& non Iron Defecient (non ID) (n = 50) , 61 patients were males & 39 were females. The MLHFQ scores were 66.9 ± 9.1 among ID patients vs 46.9 ± 7.3 in non ID patients (p value &lt; 0.001) indicating worse HRQoL in ID group . The physical domain (p value &lt; 0.001) was markedly affected than the emotional domain (p value 0.006) of the MLHFQ score .

Conclusion
In CHF patients , HRQoL was markedly affected among ID patients than non ID patients with physical factors more affected than the emotional factors .