bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LncRNA ITSN1-2 knockdown inhibits OGD/R-induced inflammation and apoptosis in mouse hippocampal neurons via sponging miR-195-5p
Authors: Zhu Fei , Luo Ermin , Yi Fei , Xiong Jianzhong , Huang Chun , Li Runying 
Published: September 2021

Objective
The upregulation of long noncoding RNA intersectin 1-2 (lnc ITSN1-2) is associated with poor prognosis in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients, but the role and mechanism of lnc ITSN1-2 in AIS are rarely reported, which, thus, are highlighted in this study.

Methods
AIS cell model was constructed by oxygen glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R). The quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of lnc ITSN1-2 in HT22 cells. The effects of lnc ITSN1-2 overexpression or knockdown on viability, LDH release, apoptosis, inflammatory and apoptotic factor expressions in OGD/R-induced HT22 cells were measured by cell counting kit-8 assay, LDH release kit, flow cytometry, ELISA and western blot, respectively. Starbase was used to screen the target genes of lnc ITSN1-2. The targeting relationship between lnc ITSN1-2 and miR-195-5p was predicted by starbase and verified by dual-luciferase report assay. The above assays were conducted again to study the function of miR-195-5p. Lastly, the levels of activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway-related proteins were determined by western blot.

Results
OGD/R treatment reduced the HT22 cell viability and enhanced LDH release rate and lnc ITSN1-2 expression. Lnc ITSN1-2 overexpression promoted the cell injury, apoptosis and inflammation in OGD/R-induced HT22 cells, while lnc ITSN1-2 knockdown generated the opposite effect and deactivated the MAPK pathways. However, the effect of lnc ITSN1-2 knockdown in OGD/R-induced HT22 cells was reversed by miR-195-5p inhibitor.

Conclusion
Lnc ITSN1-2 knockdown suppressed the inflammation and apoptosis in OGD/R-induced HT22 cells by regulating the miR-195-5p-mediated MAPK pathways.
A Transdiagnostic Data-driven Study of Children’s Behaviour and the Functional Connectome
Authors: Jones J. S. ,   the CALM Team, Astle D. E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBehavioural difficulties are seen as hallmarks of many neurodevelopmental conditions. Differences in functional brain organisation have been observed in these conditions, but little is known about how they are related to a child’s profile of behavioural difficulties. We investigated whether behavioural difficulties are associated with how the brain is functionally organised in an intentionally heterogeneous and transdiagnostic sample of 957 children aged 5-15. We used consensus community detection to derive data-driven profiles of behavioural difficulties and constructed functional connectomes from a subset of 238 children with resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data. We identified three distinct profiles of behaviour that were characterised by principal difficulties with hot executive function, cool executive function, and learning. Global organisation of the functional connectome did not differ between the groups, but multivariate patterns of connectivity at the level of Intrinsic Connectivity Networks (ICNs), nodes, and hubs significantly predicted group membership in held-out data. Fronto-parietal connector hubs were under-connected in all groups relative to a comparison sample, and children with hot vs cool executive function difficulties were distinguished by connectivity in ICNs associated with cognitive control, emotion processing, and social cognition. This demonstrates both general and specific neurodevelopmental risk factors in the functional connectome.
Image model embeddings for digital pathology and drug development via self-supervised learning
Authors: Baykaner Khan , Xu Mona , Bordeaux Lucas , Gu Feng , Selvaraj Balaji , Gaffney Isabelle , Dillon Laura , Hipp Jason 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTWhole slide images (WSIs) contain rich pathology information which can be used to diagnose cancer, characterize the tumour microenvironment (TME), assess patient prognosis, and provide insights into the likelihood of whether a patient may respond to a given treatment. However, since WSI availability is generally scarce during early stage clinical trials, the applicability of deep learning models to new and ongoing drug development in early stages is typically limited. WSIs available in public repositories, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), enable an unsupervised pretraining approach to help alleviate data scarcity. Pretrained models can also be utilised for a range of downstream applications such as automated annotation, quality control (QC), and similar image search.In this work we present DIME (Drug-development Image Model Embeddings), a pipeline for training image patch embeddings for WSIs via self-supervised learning. We compare inpainting and contrastive learning approaches for embedding training in the DIME pipeline, and demonstrate state-of-the-art performance at image patch clustering. In addition, we show that the resultant embeddings allow for training effective downstream patch classifiers with relatively few WSIs, and apply this to an AstraZeneca-sponsored phase III clinical trial. We also highlight the importance of effective colour normalisation for implementing histopathology analysis pipelines, regardless of the core learning algorithm. Finally, we show via subjective exploration of embedding spaces that the DIME pipeline clusters interesting histopathological artefacts, suggesting a possible role for the method in QC pipelines. By clustering image patches according to underlying morphopathologic features, DIME supports subsequent qualitative exploration by pathologists and has the potential to inform and expediate biomarker discovery and drug development.
Awareness of Big Data concept in the Dominican Republic construction industry: an empirical study
Authors: Reyes Veras Paola , Renukappa Suresh , Suresh Subashini 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe construction industry, being one of the main activities in the ever-demanding need for technology developments, sometimes falls short of other industries in terms of implementation. The adoption of Big Data (BD) in industries such as health and retail has had positive impacts in aspects such as decision-making processes and forecasting trends that allow planning some future business movements. Hence, the question of whether these results can be imitated in the construction industry. Therefore, this paper aims to address the level of awareness identified as a first step towards implementation of the BD concept within the construction industry in the Dominican Republic (DR).Design/methodology/approachAs little to no information exist on the subject; the selected approach to perform this research was qualitative methodology; 21 semi-structured interviews were studied using situational awareness. Four levels of awareness were developed based on the Endsley’s Situation Awareness model.FindingsThe results showed that nearly 95% of the interviewees had either no knowledge or very basic awareness of the BD requirements or intermediate awareness, but only 5% had applied BD concepts in the construction industry.Originality/valueThis study shows the gaps that exist in the understanding and implementation of BD concepts in the DR construction industry. This paper establishes the need to develop continuous professional development programmes for construction professionals and a need to update curriculum in construction-related education.
From research to practice: a multifaceted and dimensional approach to psychopathy
Authors: Steinert Steven W. , Shankar Sneha , Arble Eamonn P. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to evaluate trends in research and clinical practice that may contribute to the limited utility of assessment and treatment modalities designed to capture and address psychopathy. It identifies a lack of consistency between the academic understanding of psychopathy and how the construct is applied in clinical contexts. The authors provide clarity and direction for a more effective application of the psychopathy construct in practical contexts.

Design/methodology/approach
This review first examines the etiology of important limitations to psychopathy research and practical application, and proposes the adoption of the most recent empirical conceptualization of the construct into practical contexts. It then evaluates the current functionality of psychopathy in practical contexts. The review ultimately proposes a method for designing intervention practices based on the model used in the development of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for borderline personality disorder, which will improve the practical utility of the construct.

Findings
The present review provides evidence that a multifaceted and dimensional perspective of psychopathy will improve the practical utility of the construct and help move the field forward. It suggests that considering independent components of the psychopathy construct along a continuous scale, as with DBT, will contribute to improvements in assessments and treatments that target psychopathy.

Practical implications
The current review applies relevant research to a model for developing an intervention modality particularly in forensic or correctional settings where individuals high in psychopathy are often seen. The implications outlined provide a framework that could impact practice and assessment in forensic contexts moving forward.

Originality/value
Previous research has not concisely outlined problems concerning the link between psychopathy research and how the construct is applied in practical settings. Few researchers have proposed plausible solutions that could improve the utility of the construct in such settings.
How customer-driven and vendor-driven information cues shape a travel app user behaviour?
Authors: Turulja Lejla , Činjarević Merima 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
This study aims to apply the stimulus-organism-response framework to uncover the underlying mechanism by which the perceived helpfulness of online customer reviews (OCRs) drives behavioural intentions in mobile travel app commerce. Also, the current study explores how vendor-driven perceived usefulness of a product and its attributes influence the mediated relationship between perceived helpfulness of OCRs (OCRs helpfulness) and behavioural intentions.

Design/methodology/approach
The online survey (n = 151) was used to collect the data. The authors used structural equation modelling and the bias-corrected bootstrap method to test the proposed conceptual model for mediation and moderated-mediation effect.

Findings
Findings indicate that the perceived OCRs helpfulness has an indirect positive effect, via trust and attitude, on travel app downloading intention. Moreover, results suggest that the presence of vendor cues (vendor-generated informational content about a travel app) does not significantly moderate the mediating effect of perceived OCRs helpfulness on travel app downloading intention.

Originality/value
The present study reinforces the applicability of the warranting principle in the context of travel app commerce by exploring the relative effectiveness of customer-generated and vendor-generated informational content in influencing travel app downloading intention.
Novel process for suppressing orange peel formation in polymer laser sintering through pretreatment with low-power laser irradiation
Authors: Kobayashi Ryuichi , Kigure Takashi , Yang Ming 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to describe a new process for suppressing the formation of orange peel, which is a polymer laser sintering (LS) process error.

Design/methodology/approach
The target for controlling the suppression of orange peel is securing the contact between the molten polymer and the surrounding powder. The authors set the powder bed temperature closer to the melting temperature than that for a typical LS. Alternatively, the authors use a low-power laser to irradiate the powder bed surrounding the parts being built. The surface finish of the built parts was evaluated using a three-dimensional scanner.

Findings
Both approaches were effective in suppressing orange peel. From the viewpoint of reusability of the used powder, the process that includes low-power laser irradiation is practical. The presence or absence of contact between the surrounding powder and the molten polymer determines whether the orange peel is formed.

Research limitations/implications
The authors have not tested orange peel suppression for complex shapes.

Originality/value
The authors have demonstrated a concrete process that can suppress orange peel formation even for powders with low melt-flow rates. Furthermore, a mechanism for the formation/suppression of orange peel based on the experimental results was proposed.
Long‐term litter removal rather than litter addition enhances ecosystem carbon sequestration in a temperate steppe
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhang Ang , Zheng Yujin , Song Jian , Ru Jingyi , Zheng Mengmei , Hui Dafeng , Wan Shiqiang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Global change can greatly affect plant productivity and subsequently litter input to soil, with potential impacts on soil carbon (C) fluxes. However, the effects of litter layer in mediating C cycling and budget at an ecosystem scale are still not clear.

As part of a long‐term litter fall manipulation experiment in a temperate steppe on the Mongolian Plateau, this study was conducted to explore effects of litter removal and addition on ecosystem C budget and the associated mechanisms.

Overall, litter removal enhanced photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) at soil surface by 31.0%, but litter addition reduced it by 26.5%. Litter removal decreased soil inorganic nitrogen (SIN) content at the depth of 0–10 cm by 13.6%, but litter addition enhanced it by 14.1%. Litter removal increased legume abundance by 131.1%, whereas litter addition enhanced grass abundance by 30.7% but decreased forb abundance by 33.1%. Litter removal increased gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) through enhancing PAR and legume abundance, whereas litter addition elevated GEP by changing plant community composition mediated by decreasing PAR and increasing SIN. Litter removal did not affect ecosystem respiration (ER), but litter addition stimulated ER by 14.9%. Therefore, while litter addition did not affect net ecosystem productivity (NEP), litter removal surprisingly enhanced NEP by 23.9% over the later 7 years.

Our findings highlight that more above‐ground litter input derived from biomass production may not necessarily result in a larger ecosystem C sink in grasslands under global change scenarios in the future. On the contrary, proper litter removal may be an effective way to increase the ecosystem C sink in grassland management.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Re‐fractures of the paediatric radius and/or ulna: A systematic review
Authors: Bhanushali Ameya , Axelby Evelyn , Patel Prajay , Abu‐Assi Rabieh , Ong Belinda , Graff Christy , Kraus Manuel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundFractures of the radius and/or ulna are one of the most common injuries in children. Evidence identifying risk factors for refracture, however, has not been summarised in a systematic review. Guidance for counselling patients and parents to minimise the risk of refracture is limited. The aims of this study are to 1) to determine if casting time 6 weeks or less is a risk factor for refracture after paediatric radius and/or ulna fractures, 2) to identify other risk factors for refracture after paediatric radius and/or ulna fractures and 3) to develop more accurate guidelines for counselling parents after a radius and/or ulna fracture in their child.MethodsA thorough search was performed in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines for systematic review. JBI Critical Appraisal checklists were used for risk of bias assessment.ResultsDiaphyseal both‐bone fractures treated non‐surgically should be casted for longer than 6 weeks. Surgically treated patients can be casted for less than 6 weeks. Diaphyseal and greenstick fractures have a higher risk of refracture. Residual angulation and incomplete healing in greenstick fractures may lead to a higher risk of refracture. Gender does not affect refracture risk. Falls, use of wheeled vehicles, playground activities and trampolining confer high‐risk of refracture. Refracture risk is greatest up to 9 months from initial fracture.ConclusionFurther case‐controlled studies with sub‐group analysis are required to further investigate risk factors for refracture after radius and/or ulna fractures in children.
Diastolic function grading by American Society of Echocardiography guidelines and prediction of heart failure readmission and all‐cause mortality in a community‐based cohort
Authors: Lavine Steven J. , Murtaza Ghulam , Rahman Zia Ur , Kelvas Danielle , Paul Timir K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundDiastolic function (DF) guidelines have been simplified but lack extensive outcome data. Using a rural university heart failure (HF) database, we assessed whether DF grading could predict HF, HF readmission, and all‐cause mortality (ACM).MethodsIn this single‐center retrospective study that included 613 patients in sinus rhythm hospitalized for HF (HF with preserved—254 patients, with mid‐range—216 patients, and reduced ejection fraction—143 patients), we recorded demographics, Doppler‐echo, Framingham HF score, laboratories, HF readmission, and ACM with follow‐up to 2167 days.ResultsDiastolic dysfunction (Ddys) parameters (left atrial volume index [LAVI] > 34 ml/m2, tricuspid regurgitation [TR] velocity > 2.8 m/sec, and E/e’ > 14) had moderate sensitivity (46.2%–65.0%) for predicting HF among all phenotypes combined with DF grading having moderate predictability and additive to a clinical composite for HF prediction (AUC = .677, P < 0.0001; difference = .043, P < 0.001) for combined phenotypes. Ddys parameters and Ddys severity (2016 ASE criteria: grade II and III) were significantly associated with HF readmission for decompensated HF within 60–2167 days of follow‐up (LAVI > 34 ml/m2: HR 1.56 [1.26–2.19]; E/e’ > 14: HR 1.44 [1.21–1.99]; TR > 2.8 m/sec: H1.43 [1.19–1.88]; LV Dys grade II: HR 2.12 [1.42–2.96]; LV Ddys grade III: HR 2.39 [1.57–4.82]).ConclusionThe findings of this study highlight the clinical and prognostic relevance of determining the severity of LV Ddys in patients with HF with regard to HF verification and HF readmission.
Right ventricular time intervals – Comparison between pulsed wave Doppler and tissue Doppler imaging
Authors: Dammassa Valentino , Colombo Costanza Natalia Julia , Greco Alessandra , Guida Stefania , Boffi Andrea , Mojoli Francesco , Ghio Stefano , Price Susanna , Tavazzi Guido 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundCardiac time intervals are used as indices of systolic and diastolic function. Echocardiographic assessment of these intervals is based on either pulsed wave Doppler (PWD) or tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). We investigated the agreement between the two techniques in the evaluation of right ventricular (RV) time intervals in healthy adults.MethodsIn 123 healthy volunteers we used both PWD and TDI to assess RV time intervals (filling time – RVFT, ejection time – RVET), heart rate‐corrected intervals (total filling time – t‐FT, total ejection time – t‐ET) and RV performance indices (total isovolumic time – t‐IVT, myocardial performance index – MPI). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson analysis (r coefficient) were used to evaluate the agreement and correlation between the two techniques.ResultsPWD and TDI had excellent agreement and correlation in measuring RVFT (ICC 0.94 [95% CI 0.85 – 0.97], r 0.91) whereas a good agreement was found for RVET (ICC 0.63[95% CI ‐ 0.14 – 0.84]; r 0.68). Good agreement and strong correlation were found for both t‐FT (ICC 0.67 [95% CI 0.36 – 0.82]; r 0.59) and t‐ET (ICC 0.71 [95% CI ‐ 0.06–0.88]; r 0.74). The two methods had lower agreement in assessing RV t‐IVT (ICC 0.52 [95% CI 0.3187–0.6622]; r 0.57) and MPI (ICC 0.36 [95% CI – 0.05–0.43]; r 0.50).ConclusionIn healthy adults, PWD and TDI are interchangeable in measuring RVFT, RVET, RV t‐FT and RV t‐ET. Lower agreement between the two techniques was found for RV t‐IVT and MPI.
Embedded intelligent fetal heart rate monitoring system under empirical mode decomposition algorithm and its usage in pregnant women with pregnancy bacterial infection complications and nursing
Authors: Lian Faying , Liu Hui , Shao Huan , Han Yanyan 
Published: September 2021

Abstractthis study was to discuss the application value of the embedded intelligent fetal heart rate monitoring system (EI system) based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm in the monitoring of pregnant women with pregnancy bacterial infection complications, aiming to provide a reference basis for timely nursing of pregnancy bacterial infection complications. In this study, the blind source separation method was introduced to denoise the screened intrinsic modal function (IMF) components based on the EI system and the EMD algorithm. The signal to noise ratio (SNR) based on the EMD optimization algorithm was compared with that of other algorithms. Two hundred and sixty‐eight pregnant women in the obstetric clinic were selected as the research objects and divided into an observation group (abnormal fetal heart rate) and a control group (normal fetal heart rate). The pregnant women in both groups accepted the conventional nursing methods, and the EI system was adopted to monitor the fetal heart rate. The probability of abnormal fetal heart monitoring of pregnant women in observation group and control group was analysed. At the same time, the probability of bacterial infection complications was analysed. It was found that the EI system based on EMD algorithm showed obviously higher SNR in contrast to other algorithms. The waveforms of fetal heart monitoring in the observation group and the control group were significantly different (χ2 = 11.215, p < 0.05); microscopic examination of pregnant women secretion in the bacterial infection group revealed the presence of a large number of pathogenic bacteria; it was found that the infection rate of vaginosis was significantly different between the control group and the observation group (p < 0.01); there was a significant difference between the observation group and the control group in the complication of premature rupture of fetal membrane caused by bacteria (χ2 = 11.2, p < 0.01). In conclusion, the EI system based on the EMD algorithm could be undertaken as a tool for the preliminary diagnosis of pregnancy bacterial infection complications in pregnant women, which provided relevant basis for later nursing.