bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photoresponsive Superhydrophobic Membrane Crosslinked by Bipedal Pillararenes with Patterned Wettability
Authors: Li Jinjie , Dong Jinhui , Wang He , Yang Xiaoyan , Chen Jianzhuang , Gu Jinlou , Lin Shaoliang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe facile fabrication of superhydrophobic membrane with patterned and controllable wettability is crucial to the exploitation of precise control of water flow path. Here, an azobenzene‐bridged bipedal pillararenes‐crosslinked polypseudorotaxane is used to fabricate a superhydrophobic membrane via the combination of electrospraying and breath figure approaches. Regulation of the relative humidity during electrospraying process and the trans‐cis isomerization of azobenzene provide the capability to control the water adhesion force of membrane. These rules are applied to engineer the wettability of membrane into various patterns via re‐electrospraying or light irradiation with patterned photomask. These efforts demonstrate the potential of polypseudorotaxanes for applications in smart membrane with patterned wettability.
Improving the Sensitivity of SPR Sensors with Au–Ag alloys and 2D Materials — a Simulation‐Based Approach
Authors: Das Chandreyee Manas , Guo Yan , Kang Lixing , Poenar Daniel Puiu , Xiong Jiaqing , Ramaswamy Yogambha , Martinez‐Martin David , Yong Ken‐Tye 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPlasmonic‐based sensing revolves around the generation of plasmons as a result of light–matter interactions. Analytical and/or diagnostic technologies based on this principle are extremely successful and popular in the bio‐medical industry due to their high sensitivity as well as real‐time and label‐free sensing capabilities. Employing 2D multilayers as the main plasmonic substrate instead of pure metals is a relatively new concept that can provide advantages for the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor. In this work, the gain in sensitivity of the Au–Ag based SPR sensors is evaluated by employing 2D materials like graphene, MoS2, and WS2 in a multilayer SPR system. The simulations calculate the sensitivity of such multi‐layered SPR structures and indicate that the use of WS2 in the modified system can lead to an increased sensitivity (1.53 times) as compared to the standard Au‐based Kretschmann configuration.
Stunting is the natural condition of human height
Authors: Scheffler Christiane , Hermanussen Michael 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivesHuman body height differs within a wide range and has conventionally been associated with genetic, nutritional, and environmental conditions. In this study, we try to broaden this perspective and add the evolutionary aspect of height differences.Sample and MethodWe revisited height from archeological data (10 000–1000 BC), and historical growth studies (1877–1913). We analyzed height, weight, and skinfold thickness of 1666 Indonesian schoolchildren from six representative rural and urban elementary schools in Bali and West Timor with a stunting prevalence of up to 50%.ResultsStature in the Holocene prehistory of the Near East and Europe varied with maxima for women usually ranging below 160 cm, and maxima for men between 165 and 170 cm. Stature never rose above 170 cm. European and white US‐American schoolchildren of the 19th and 20th century were generally short with average height ranging between −1.5 and −2.2 hSDS, yet in the absence of any evidence of chronic or recurrent undernutrition or frequent illness, poverty, or disadvantageous living conditions. The same is found in contemporary Indonesian schoolchildren.ConclusionStunting is frequently observed not only in the poor, but also in affluent and well‐nourished social strata last 10 000 years. Only in very recent history, and only in a few democratic, modern societies, stature has increased beyond the long‐lasting historic height average. Viewed from an evolutionary perspective, and considering adaptive plasticity of and community effects on growth, competitive growth and strategic growth adjustments, stunting appears to be the natural condition of human height.
Silylative Cyclization with Dehydrogenation Leading to Benzosilole‐Fused Azulenes Showing Unique Stimuli‐Responsive Fluorescence
Authors: Murai Masahito 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUse of an iridium precatalyst with a pyridine‐based bidentate ligand allowed the efficient synthesis of benzosilole‐fused azulene derivatives via intramolecular dehydrogenative silylation of C−H bonds of azulene. Unique stimuli‐responsive fluorescence occurred upon acid treatment by appropriate fusing direction of the azulene ring. TD‐DFT calculations suggested that the major radiative decay pathway switched from S2→S0 to S1→S0 upon protonation, and the fusing mode greatly affected the degree of orbital overlap between the two related states that determine emissions of azulene.
General Synthesis of Multiple‐Cores@Multiple‐Shells Hollow Composites and Their Application to Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhao Jilu , Wang Jiangyan , Bi Ruyi , Yang Mei , Wan Jiawei , Jiang Hongyu , Gu Lin , Wang Dan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRational nanostructure design has proved fruitful in addressing the bottlenecks of diverse fields. Especially hollow multi‐shelled structures (HoMS) have stood out due to their temporal–spatial ordering mass transfer and buffering effect. Localizing multiple cores in a HoMS is highly desired, which could endow it with more fascinating properties. However, such a structure has been barely reported due to the highly challenging fabrication. Here, we develop a controllable synthesis strategy to realize such a structure, which is applicable for diverse cores and shells. Additionally, cores and shells could be tuned to be homogeneous or heterogeneous, with the core and shell number well controlled. In situ TEM analysis verifies that the inner shell confines the expansion orientation of cores, while the outer shell maintains a stable interface. In addition to energy storage, such structure is also promising for multi‐drug co‐delivery and sequential responsive release as well as tandem catalysis applications.
Substratinspirierte Fragment‐Fusion und ‐Erweiterung führt zu wirksamen LasB‐Inhibitoren
Authors: Kaya Cansu , Walter Isabell , Yahiaoui Samir , Sikandar Asfandyar , Alhayek Alaa , Konstantinović Jelena , Kany Andreas M. , Haupenthal Jörg , Köhnke Jesko , Hartmann Rolf W. , Hirsch Anna K. H. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractExtrazelluläre Virulenzfaktoren haben sich als attraktive Ziele in der aktuellen Antibiotikaresistenzkrise erwiesen. Der Gram‐negative Erreger Pseudomonas aeruginosa sezerniert den Virulenzfaktor Elastase B (LasB), der eine wichtige Rolle im Infektionsprozess spielt. Hier berichten wir über einen submikromolaren, nicht‐peptidischen, fragmentartigen Inhibitor von LasB, der durch sorgfältige visuelle Analyse von Strukturdaten entdeckt wurde. In Anlehnung an das natürliche LasB‐Substrat wurde das ursprüngliche Fragment erfolgreich fusioniert und vergrößert. Der optimierte Inhibitor ist durch einfache Chemie zugänglich und behält seine Selektivität bei, wobei die Aktivität erheblich verbessert wird, was durch die Kristallstruktur von LasB im Komplex mit dem Inhibitor erklärt werden kann. Wir zeigen auch eine verbesserte in vivo‐Wirksamkeit des optimierten Hits in Galleria mellonella‐Larven, was die Bedeutung dieser Klasse von Verbindungen als vielversprechende Arzneimittelkandidaten unterstreicht.
A Bivalent Activatable Fluorescent Probe for Screening and Intravital Imaging of Chemotherapy‐Induced Cancer Cell Death
Authors: Barth Nicole D. , Mendive‐Tapia Lorena , Subiros‐Funosas Ramon , Ghashghaei Ouldouz , Lavilla Rodolfo , Maiorino Laura , He Xue‐Yan , Dransfield Ian , Egeblad Mikala , Vendrell Marc 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe detection and quantification of apoptotic cells is a key process in cancer research, particularly during the screening of anticancer therapeutics and in mechanistic studies using preclinical models. Intravital optical imaging enables high‐resolution visualisation of cellular events in live organisms; however, there are few fluorescent probes that can reliably provide functional readouts in situ without interference from tissue autofluorescence. We report the design and optimisation of the fluorogenic probe Apotracker Red for real‐time detection of cancer cell death. The strong fluorogenic behaviour, high selectivity, and excellent stability of Apotracker Red make it a reliable optical reporter for the characterisation of the effects of anticancer drugs in cells in vitro and for direct imaging of chemotherapy‐induced apoptosis in vivo in mouse models of breast cancer.
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is not related to carotid atherosclerosis progression and cardiovascular events in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: Results from the IMPROVE study
Authors: Mannarino Massimo R. , Bianconi Vanessa , Gigante Bruna , Strawbridge Rona J. , Savonen Kai , Kurl Sudhir , Giral Philippe , Smit Andries , Eriksson Per , Tremoli Elena , Veglia Fabrizio , Baldassarre Damiano , Pirro Matteo ,   IMPROVE study group
Published: November 2021

AbstractInflammation is a component of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a possible inflammation metric for the detection of ASCVD risk, although results of prospective studies are highly inconsistent on this topic. We investigated the cross‐sectional relationship between NLR and carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT) in subjects at moderate‐to‐high ASCVD risk. The prospective association between NLR, cIMT progression, and incident vascular events (VEs) was also explored. In 3341 subjects from the IMT‐Progression as Predictors of VEs (IMPROVE) study, we analyzed the association between NLR, cIMT, and its 15‐month progression. The association between NLR and incident VEs was also investigated. NLR was positively associated with cross‐sectional measures of cIMT, but not with cIMT progression. The association between NLR and cross‐sectional cIMT measures was abolished when adjusted for confounders. No association was found between NRL and incident VEs. Similarly, there were no significant differences in the hazard ratios (HRs) of VEs across NLR quartiles. NLR was neither associated with the presence and progression of carotid atherosclerosis, nor with the risk of VEs. Our findings do not support the role of NLR as a predictor of the risk of atherosclerosis progression and ASCVD events in subjects at moderate‐to‐high ASCVD risk, in primary prevention. However, the usefulness of NLR for patients at a different level of ASCVD risk cannot be inferred from this study.
Mechanistic discoveries and simulation‐guided assay optimization of portable hormone biosensors with cell‐free protein synthesis
Authors: Hunt John Porter , Galiardi Jackelyn , Free Tyler J. , Yang Seung Ook , Poole Daniel , Zhao Emily Long , Andersen Joshua L. , Wood David W. , Bundy Bradley C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNuclear receptors (NRs) influence nearly every system of the body and our lives depend on correct NR signaling. Thus, a key environmental and pharmaceutical quest is to identify and detect chemicals which interact with nuclear hormone receptors, including endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), therapeutic receptor modulators, and natural hormones. Previously reported biosensors of nuclear hormone receptor ligands facilitated rapid detection of NR ligands using cell‐free protein synthesis (CFPS). In this work, the advantages of CFPS are further leveraged and combined with kinetic analysis, autoradiography, and western blot to elucidate the molecular mechanism of this biosensor. Additionally, mathematical simulations of enzyme kinetics are used to optimize the biosensor assay, ultimately lengthening its readable window by five‐fold and improving sensor signal strength by two‐fold. This approach enabled the creation of an on‐demand thyroid hormone biosensor with an observable color‐change readout. This mathematical and experimental approach provides insight for engineering rapid and field‐deployable CFPS biosensors and promises to improve methods for detecting natural hormones, therapeutic receptor modulators, and EDCs.
The roles of ferroptosis regulatory gene SLC7A11 in renal cell carcinoma: A multi‐omics study
Authors: Xu Fangshi , Guan Yibing , Xue Li , Zhang Peng , Li Mingrui , Gao Mei , Chong Tie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe ferroptosis inhibitory gene Solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) provides a new strategy for anticancer treatment. However, its function in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains elusive.MethodsThe expression and somatic mutation information of SLC7A11 in RCC samples were determined using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Oncomine, and cBioPortal databases. The prognostic value of SLC7A11 was assessed through survival analysis, Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, independent prognostic analysis, clinical subgroup analysis, and nomogram. Its prognostic value was also validated in the ICGC and GSE29607 cohorts. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was employed to investigate the effects of SLC7A11 on multiple metabolic pathways. The CIBERSORT algorithm and single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) method were applied to evaluate the effects of SLC7A11 on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIM). SLC7A11’s therapeutic correlations were analyzed using the GSE87121, GSE67501, and GSDC datasets. Finally, the biofunctions of SLC7A11 in renal cancer cells and ferroptosis were ascertained by MTT, wound healing, transwell, and western blot assays.ResultsThrough multiple datasets, SLC7A11 was found to be markedly upregulated in RCC. In terms of prognosis, SLC7A11 overexpression conferred a worse prognosis and was identified as an independent prognostic factor. Its prognostic value was validated in ICGC cohort. Moreover, high SL7CA11 expression could stimulate nucleotides, fatty acids, and amino acid metabolism to meet the proliferative consumption of tumor cells. As for the immune effect, SLC7A11 suppressed antitumor immunity by reducing the abundances of CD8+ T and NK cells. Regarding the therapeutic response, SLC7A11 expression was not correlated with the sensitivities of most chemotherapy and targeted drugs. Finally, SLC7A11 promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of renal cancer cells by enhancing GPX4 output, which in turn inhibits ferroptosis.ConclusionsSLC7A11 not only deeply influences RCC prognosis and TIM, but also promotes RCC progression by inhibiting ferroptosis and inducing metabolic reprogramming. In addition, SLC7A11 weakly affects the therapeutic effect and sensitivities of multiple chemotherapy and targeted drugs.
The Modified Osseodensification Visco‐Elastic (MOVE) Sinus Protocol: A Case Series to Illustrate the Combination of Osseodensification with Viscoelastic Bone Replacement Material
Authors: Puterman Israel , Weinstein Bradley , Walton Philip , Fien Matthew 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionThe Modified Osseodensification Visco‐Elastic (MOVE) protocol combines two established techniques for sinus lifting: osseodensification drills to elevate the Schneiderian membrane, and the use of a viscoelastic putty to distribute forces on the membrane, a combination first described by Neiva et al. (2019). This case series elucidates the technique for combining these materials, and its possible benefits, which include reduced procedure time, less traumatic sinus elevation, and more versatility for unusual sinus anatomy, such as sloped sinus floors and immediate implant sites.Case SeriesThe three cases, illustrating a single implant, adjacent implants, and an immediate implant, demonstrate various indications for using the MOVE protocol, documented with two‐ and three‐dimensional radiography. The MOVE protocol is explained in detail with supplemental photos of the steps.ConclusionApplying the MOVE protocol has the potential to allow for same‐day implant placement in sites that previously required preoperative bone augmentation or lateral wall sinus access, thereby reducing the extent of surgical invasiveness associated with implant placement in the posterior maxilla.
Massive vagal schwannoma in an 11‐year‐old girl
Authors: Feit Noah Z. , Fitzgerald Conall W. R. , Mclean Tim , Wong Richard J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe describe an unusual case of a young girl presenting with a large vagal schwannoma necessitating a transcervical‐mandibulotomy approach for total tumor resection. The presentation is unique due to the size of the lesion, the patient’s age, the operative approach, and molecular pathology.
Monitoring of hemodynamic changes during huge cystic lymphangioma resection in a 91‐day‐old infant
Authors: Kim Sung Wan , Lee Kyung Hyun , Eom Deuk Won , Kim Tae Hyung , Park Sang Yoong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCystic lymphangioma (CL) is a rare benign lesion that can be treated with surgical resection. We describe the monitoring of hemodynamic changes in a 91‐day‐old girl undergoing resection of a huge CL. Monitoring was managed through continuous central venous pressure monitoring using a central catheter in the inferior vena cava.
One‐Step Synthesis of Spherical MoSe2 Nanoflowers@Graphene as a Photoelectrochemical Photodetector
Authors: Wang Kai , Qiao Hui , Li Jun , Qi Xiang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMoSe2, a promising candidate for electronics material due to its unique structure and the suitable band gaps, plays a vital role in the field of photoelectrochemistry. Meanwhile, it has been widely recognized that the introduction of graphene can improve the transport of electrons, which has significant implications for its applications. In this work, we fabricated spherical MoSe2 nanoflowers@graphene by using a simple one‐step hydrothermal method and used it to set up a photoelectrochemical (PEC) photodetector. The photodetector we constructed shows a prominent self‐powered property in the simulated sunlight range, which presents a maximum responsivity 15.4 μA/W at 0 V bias. Meanwhile, the performance of the equipment could still be well maintained after a 4000 s cycle measurement, which demonstrates the excellent stability and durability. In terms of this work, we have confirmed the superior photoresponse behavior of the photodetector based on MoSe2 nanoflowers@graphene.
DABCO‐based chiral ionic liquids as recoverable and reusable organocatalyst for asymmetric Diels–Alder reaction
Authors: Aalam Mohd Jubair , Deepa  , Chaudhary Pooja , Meena Dhan Raj , Yadav Geeta Devi , Singh Surendra 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNew DABCO‐based chiral ionic liquids were synthesized and evaluated in asymmetric Diels–Alder reaction of cyclopentadiene with α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes or 4‐phenyl‐3‐buten‐2‐one. Chiral ionic liquid of modified MacMillan catalyst having a DABCO cation and hexafluorophosphate anion acts as organocatalyst (5 mol%) for the Diels–Alder reaction of crotonaldehyde and cyclopentadiene producing 98% of the product and 87% ee (endo) in CH3CN/H2O (95/5) at 25°C in 2 h. The scope and limitations of the catalysis were also studied by using cyclopentadiene and α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes, and the Diels–Alder products were obtained in 18%–92% yields with 68%–93% ee. The catalyst was recycled and reused up to 6 cycles with a slight drop in ee and conversion of the product.
Combination of Laser and Thermal Sintering of Thermoelectric Ca3Co4O9 Films
Authors: Wolf Mario , Rehder Lena , Steinbach Frank , Abt Marvin , Hinterding Richard , Overmeyer Ludger , Feldhoff Armin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe manufacturing technology of thermoelectric materials is laborious and expensive often including complex and time‐intensive preparation steps. In this work, a laser sintering process of the oxide‐based thermoelectric material Ca3Co4O9 is investigated. Samples based on spray‐coated Ca3Co4O9 were prepared and subsequently sintered under various laser parameters and investigated in terms of the microstructure and thermoelectric properties. Here, the combination of laser sintering and subsequent thermal sintering proved to be a promising concept for the preparation of thermoelectric films. Laser sintering can thus make a great contribution in improving the processing of thermoelectric materials, especially when films are applied that cannot be sintered under pressure.
Doxorubicin in combination with cisplatin, 5‐flourouracil, and vincristine is feasible and effective in unresectable hepatoblastoma: A Children's Oncology Group study
Authors: Katzenstein Howard M. , Malogolowkin Marcio H. , Krailo Mark D. , Piao Jin , Towbin Alexander J. , McCarville M. Beth , Tiao Gregory M. , Dunn Stephen P. , Langham Max R. , McGahren Eugene D. , Finegold Milton J. , Ranganathan Sarangarajan , Weldon Christopher B. , Thompson Patrick A. , Trobaugh‐Lotrario Angela D. , O’Neill Allison F. , Furman Wayne L. , Chung Nadia , Randazzo Jessica , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Meyers Rebecka L. 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe Children's Oncology Group (COG) adopted cisplatin, 5‐flourouracil, and vincristine (C5V) as standard therapy after the INT‐0098 legacy study showed statistically equivalent survival but less toxicity in comparison with cisplatin and doxorubicin. Subsequent experience demonstrated doxorubicin to be effective in patients with recurrent disease after C5V, and this suggested that it could be incorporated to intensify therapy for patients with advanced disease.MethodsIn this nonrandomized, phase 3 COG trial, the primary aim was to explore the feasibility and toxicity of a novel therapeutic cisplatin, 5‐flourouracil, vincristine, and doxorubicin (C5VD) regimen with the addition of doxorubicin to C5V for patients considered to be at intermediate risk. Patients were eligible if they had unresectable, nonmetastatic disease. Patients with a complete resection at diagnosis and local pathologic evidence of small cell undifferentiated histology were also eligible for an assessment of feasibility.ResultsOne hundred two evaluable patients enrolled between September 14, 2009, and March 12, 2012. Delivery of C5VD was feasible and tolerable: the mean percentages of the target doses delivered were 96% (95% CI, 94%‐97%) for cisplatin, 96% (95% CI, 94%‐97%) for 5‐fluorouracil, 95% (95% CI, 93%‐97%) for doxorubicin, and 90% (95% CI, 87%‐93%) for vincristine. Toxicity was within expectations, with death as a first event in 1 patient. The most common adverse events were febrile neutropenia (n = 55 [54%]), infection (n = 48 [47%]), mucositis (n = 31 [30%]), hypokalemia (n = 39 [38%]), and elevated aspartate aminotransferase (n = 28 [27%]). The 5‐year event‐free and overall survival rates for the 93 patients who did not have complete resection at diagnosis were 88% (95% CI, 79%‐93%) and 95% (95% CI, 87%‐98%), respectively.ConclusionsThe addition of doxorubicin to the previous standard regimen of C5V is feasible, tolerable, and efficacious, and this suggests that C5VD is a good regimen for future clinical trials.