bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An association of intimate partner violence during the antenatal period with birth outcome: A longitudinal study
Authors: Sharma Arvind , Patel Sunita , Lilhare Anant Kumar , Yadav Kuldeep Singh , Dhakar Jagmohan Singh 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Intimate partner violence (IPV)/domestic violence is one of the most common types of violence against women. IPV during pregnancy is associated with a negative impact on birth outcome. It exerts adverse effects both upon physical and mental health status of women. Among physical it includes unintended pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases and injuries, while among mental it includes depression, anxiety and stress. The risk of abortion, preterm birth, low birth weight babies, and intrauterine death are associated with IPV. This study was done with the objective to find out the association of IPV during the antenatal period with birth outcome.

Material and Methods:
This was a community-based longitudinal study conducted in the rural area of Jabalpur district (Madhya Pradesh). The duration of the study was 1 year (March 21–February 22). Two hundred and fifteen women in the third trimester of pregnancy were interviewed for IPV and their birth outcomes were assessed in subsequent visits of interview. IPV was assessed using the HURT, INSULT, THREATEN, and SCREAM scale (HITS scale) and birth outcome by predesigned questionnaire.

Results:
IPV was found among 28 (13%) women in the third trimester of pregnancy. One hundred and forty-nine (69.3%) newborns were term, whereas 56 (26%) newborns were preterm. Congenital disorder was found among 6 (2.8%) newborns. Strong and significant associations were found between pre-term delivery (aOR = 2.902, p = 0.0162), congenital disorder (aOR = 7.36, p = 0.034), and low birth weight (<2.5 kg) (aOR = 4.737, p = 0.0002) with IPV.

Conclusion:
IPV was a risk to the health of pregnant women and the birth outcome of pregnancy. Therefore, protection against IPV component should be implemented in various maternal and child programs for the betterment of maternal and fetal health from an early stage.
Using the ELMERI Observation Method to Investigate and Compare Laboratories at Isfahan Public Health School in Terms of Occupational Health and Safety
Authors: Habibi Ehsanollah , Mousavi Sayed Mahdi , Ebrahimi Hossein , Nakhaei pour Mojtaba 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aims:
The present study aims to investigate laboratory safety situations using the ELMERI observation method.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 in the Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences laboratory. The survey data were applied with the ELMERI observation method, and the laboratories’ safety indicators were evaluated.

Results:
The findings provide important insights into the current state of laboratory safety. The average ELMERI index score for the laboratories was 69.32, indicating that overall health and safety performance is at an average level. Laboratories in five dimensions of building safety, safety of devices and equipment, personal safety, safety of chemicals, and waste management were at a good level. However, in three dimensions of electrical safety, fire safety, and safety management and the dimension of emergency response management, there is room for improvement.

Conclusion:
The general safety situation in the laboratories is at an average level, highlighting the need for better planning at the university and faculty levels. Enhanced planning is essential for improving safety management, particularly in emergency response and can have a significant impact on occupational health and safety in laboratories.
Role of Long-Acting Porcine Sequence ACTH (Acton Prolongatum) Stimulated Cortisol in Assessing Glucocorticoid Status in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Danda Vijay S. R. , Bhandiwad Chandrashekhar , Palle Sharmila , Paidipally Srinivas R. , Kyatham Vivek 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Conflicting research on cortisol levels and COVID-19 mortality prompted this study to comprehensively assess glucocorticoid status, its links to severity and outcomes, and the role of Acton prolongatum-stimulated cortisol.

Methods:
This is a prospective observational study, conducted in 100 RT-PCR-positive COVID-19 patients of mild, moderate, and severe grades from June 2021 to May 2023. Random cortisol, plasma ACTH, and action prolongatum stimulated cortisol were measured, categorized, and analyzed.

Results:
Among 100 patients, 25 had severe disease, 35 had moderate disease, and 40 had mild disease. In the same study group, 88 recovered and 12 expired from the COVID-19-related cause. The median random basal serum cortisol level (median (IQR): 10.2 (8) vs. 11.6 (9.7) vs. 16.2 (9.5) mcg/dl; P value 0.06), median delta value (median (IQR): 6.3 (5.8) vs. 7.6 (4.8) vs. 10.9 (5.6) mcg/dl; P value < 0.001), and median plasma ACTH (median (IQR): 13 (14.7) vs. 14.4 (14.1) vs. 22.3 (13) pg/ml; P value = 0.002) were lower in severe group subjects than in the moderate and mild group. When patients were labeled as adrenal insufficiency based on random basal serum cortisol < 10 mcg/dl or delta value < 9 mcg/dl, 48% of patients had adrenal insufficiency. There was a linear correlation between random basal and ACTH-stimulated cortisol (r = 0.908, P value < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The study highlights the significance of adrenal function in COVID-19 prognosis and suggests for routine random cortisol and ACTH assessments for glucocorticoid evaluation.
Effect of Millets Once a Day on Glycaemic Control among Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Care Setting – A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Duraiswamy Mahadevan , Jayaseelan Venkatachalam , Ramakrishnan Jayalakshmy , Rengaraj Sasirekha , Krishnamoorthy Yuvaraj , Kais Mohammed , Subbaiah Murali 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects 14% of pregnancies globally, with a prevalence of 9–16% in India. Low-glycaemic index (GI) foods like millets may help control glycaemia in GDM. This study compared glycaemic control between GDM patients consuming millets once a day (MOD) and those receiving enhanced medical nutrition therapy (MNT) for 1 month.

Methods:
A parallel-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted among 224 GDM mothers at a tertiary centre from April 2022 to December 2023. Participants were randomized into two groups: The Enhanced MNT group received standard care with education materials, while the MOD group received 200 g of millets daily for 1 month and recipes. Follow-ups were at 2 weeks and 1 month. The primary outcome was the difference in glycaemic control between groups, analysed with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and P < 0.05 significance.

Results:
Of the 219 participants who completed the study (97.8%), adherence was 77.6% in the MOD group and 78.5% in the Enhanced MNT group. In an intention-to-treat analysis, an additional 11.6% (95% CI: -1.5% to 24.7%) in the MOD group achieved glycaemic control compared to the Enhanced MNT group, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.083). However, the MOD group had a significant mean post-prandial blood glucose reduction of -4.55 (95% CI: -8.55 to -0.56; P = 0.025).

Conclusion:
Both interventions effectively controlled glycaemic levels, with the MOD group showing slightly better post-prandial glucose control. Adherence to the protocol was high.

Trial Registration:
CTRI Registry CTRI/2022/04/042013.
The Impact of Social Media on Awareness of Periodontal Disease and Treatment Options
Authors: Khinda Paramjit Kaur , Mehta Anita , Khinda Vineet 
Published: December 2024

Background::
Periodontal disease is a prevalent oral health issue with systemic health implications. Despite its widespread nature, public awareness of its symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options remains inadequate. Social media platforms offer a promising avenue for disseminating health-related information to large, diverse audiences.

Aim::
To evaluate the impact of social media on awareness of periodontal disease and its treatment options among adults.

Materials and Methods::
A cross-sectional study involving 600 participants aged 18–60 years in Faridkot, India, was conducted using an online questionnaire shared through social media platforms. The questionnaire assessed demographics, social media usage patterns, and knowledge of periodontal disease. Data were analyzed using SPSS, with descriptive and inferential statistics, to explore associations between social media use and awareness levels.

Results::
Frequent social media users (75% of participants) exhibited significantly higher awareness of periodontal disease compared to occasional users (65% vs. 25% high awareness, P < 0.05). Social media platforms such as Instagram and YouTube were identified as the most effective channels for spreading periodontal health information.

Conclusion::
Social media plays a crucial role in raising awareness of periodontal disease and its treatment options. Targeted campaigns on these platforms, led by dental professionals, can significantly enhance public knowledge and encourage preventive care.
Investigating the prevalence and effectiveness of herbal and natural remedies used by patients to manage periodontal health, including their sources of information and satisfaction with these alternatives
Authors: Mathur Ritu 
Published: December 2024

Background::
The use of herbal and natural remedies in managing periodontal health has grown in popularity due to concerns about the side effects of conventional treatments. Despite this, there is limited clinical evidence supporting the effectiveness of these alternatives. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of herbal and natural remedies used for periodontal health, identify the sources of information, assess patient satisfaction, and evaluate perceived effectiveness.

Objectives::
The objective is to determine the types of herbal and natural remedies used by patients to manage periodontal health, evaluate their effectiveness, and identify the primary sources of information regarding these remedies.

Materials and Methods::
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 500 participants aged 18 and older who had a history of periodontal disease and used herbal or natural remedies. Data were collected through a questionnaire assessing remedy types, sources of information, satisfaction levels, and perceived effectiveness. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, and Chi-square tests were applied to examine associations between demographic factors and remedy use.

Results::
Seventy percent of participants reported using herbal or natural remedies, with herbal mouthwashes (45%) and toothpaste (35%) being the most common. Social media (50%) and family/friends (30%) were the primary sources of information. Overall, 65% of participants were satisfied with the remedies, while 50% perceived an improvement in their periodontal health.

Conclusion::
Herbal and natural remedies are commonly used by patients for periodontal health management, primarily influenced by social media and nonprofessional sources. While many users report satisfaction, the clinical effectiveness of these remedies remains uncertain, highlighting the need for further research. Healthcare professionals should engage patients in discussions about alternative treatments to ensure informed decision-making.
Hyperechoic papillary muscle: A sign of ALCAPA in the presence of left-to-right shunts
Authors: Arasu Thanigai , Komal T , Subramaniam Krishnan Ganapathy , Sharma Dhruva , Reddy N. Srinath 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A 10-month-old female child with failure to thrive was diagnosed to have a large atrial septal defect (ASD) with deficient rims and large patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and was referred for management. Echocardiography showed normal left ventricular (LV) function with dilated right atrium and right ventricle; the only suspicious finding was that of the hyperechoic papillary muscle. After the PDA ligation, the ASD was closed with an autologous pericardial patch when the aortic cross-clamp was released, the rhythm returned and trans-oesophageal echocardiography showed severe LV dysfunction. While still on the pump, the PA was opened, and the coronary ostia were identified as arising from the non-facing sinus. Coronary reimplantation was done, and then, the patient could be weaned off cardiopulmonary bypass uneventfully, the child was shifted to the intensive care unit with minimal inotropic support and was discharged by the 7th day with normal ventricular function. The presence of an anomalous coronary artery can be masked by the large left-to-right shunts, resulting in PA hypertension. Anomalous left coronary artery from the right pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) should be suspected in the presence of hyperechoic papillary muscles, which could be a sign of papillary muscle ischaemia. ALCAPA can be missed in the presence of significant left-to-right shunts, which increases the pulmonary artery (PA) pressures and the oxygenation of pulmonary arterial blood. We present one such case with large ASD and PDA, with normal LV function and no mitral regurgitation, with the only indicator being hyperechoic papillary muscles.
Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi infection and miscarriage in pregnancy: Are we missing the geographic demon?
Authors: Lall Sujata , Goel Nidhi , Malhotra Vani , Parmar Aparna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Salmonella enterica serotype typhi is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, flagellated and facultative intracellular bacterium. We present the case of maternal S. typhi infection leading to second-trimester miscarriage. A 26-year-old tertigravida with 25 weeks of pregnancy presented with leaking and copious discharge per vaginum for 10 h and intermittent fever for 2 days. She also gave history of intermittent episodes of severe diarrhoea, pain in the right hypochondrium and high fever for 4 weeks. There was a history a previous miscarriage at 16 weeks. Abdominal ultrasonography was consistent with absent liquor. She delivered a neonate who succumbed to a low Apgar score of 3/10 and expired within 3 h. A high vaginal swab (HVS) taken during the placental exploration grew S. typhi on pyogenic culture. The Widal test was reactive for S. typhi antibody TO-somatic antigen at a dilution of 1:160 and S. typhi antibody flagellar antigen (TH) at a dilution of 1:320. With the evidence of isolation of S. typhi from HVS and titres of H and O in the Widal, vertical transmission was considered. S. typhi infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a pregnant female presenting with complaints of fever and diarrhoea in endemic countries like India with a high index of clinical suspicion.
Management strategies of ectopic testis in children: A series of six cases
Authors: Saradar Tuser Kanti , Roy Abhishek , Halder Pankaj Kumar , Debbarma Sambreeta , Roshan M Rameez , Saha Madhurima 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The term ‘ectopic testis’ (ET) denotes the testis that the testis has settled outside its normal course of descent. The most frequent ectopic site is the superficial inguinal pouch. Other sites include the perineum, femoral canal, contralateral hemiscrotum and anterior abdominal wall. The inguinal approach or laparoscopy-assisted orchiopexy is used in the majority of patients. Transseptal or extra-peritoneal transposition is occasionally taken up for crossed testicular ectopia. We report successful surgical techniques for treating crossed testicular ectopia in six cases with various forms of ET.
Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria
Authors: Geetha K. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH) is an autosomal dominant pigmentary genodermatosis characterised by a mixture of hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules on the dorsal aspects of the hands and feet. The majority of cases of this condition have been reported in East Asian countries such as Japan, China and Taiwan. The gene responsible for DSH has been identified as adenosine deaminase acting on ribonucleic acid1 (ADAR1). To date, more than 100 ADAR1 mutations have been reported in DSH patients, and the catalytic domain deaminase is thought to be critical to the gene’s activities. We report a case of DSH, a rare cutaneous disease with classic clinical manifestations and a family history of similar illness. The skin lesions were characterised by a mixture of hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules and were localised on the dorsum of the hands and feet of three persons of the same family.
Evaluation of Efficacy of 1064 nm Q Switched Nd:YAG Laser Treatment in the Nevus of Ota: Seven-year Retrospective Study
Authors: Kaul Neenu , Kumari Neeti , Rawat Shiv D. S. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Nevus of Ota is a benign skin condition characterized by dermal melanocytosis. Q switched Nd:YAG laser (QSNYL) has become the mainstay of therapy for treating this condition probably because of the minimum side effects and their noninvasive nature.

Purpose:
The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of QSNYL in the treatment of nevus of Ota in Indian skin phototypes.

Methods:
Patients with the clinical diagnosis of nevus of Ota who had underwent multiple treatment sessions with QSNYL at 4 weekly intervals from March 2016 to March 2023 over 6 years were enrolled in the study. Serial photographs taken before starting laser treatment and after every laser session were assessed to see the effectiveness of the treatment and graded on a scale of 0–IV.

Results:
A total of 36 patients were treated with QSNYL. Their age ranged from 15 to 35 years. Out of 36 patients, 12 (33%) patients showed moderate improvement, 4 (11%) patients showed marked improvement, while mild improvement (<25%) was seen in 10 (27.8%) patients. Eight (22%) patients did not show any improvement at all. Only two patients showed near total improvement of >75%. Hypopigmentation was noted in four patients.

Conclusion:
QSNYL is an easy-to-perform and safe treatment in cases of nevus of Ota in Indian patients with minimal side effects. On comparing our results with results in other Indian studies, we observed relatively less improvement but better tolerability of treatment in our patients.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Concerns of Saudi Parents Regarding Human Papillomavirus Vaccine
Authors: Alsaati Ahmed A. , Alhasawi Roudin H. , Alzahrani Amjad S. , Sulimani Omnia A. , Alshahrani Reem A. , Almasoudi Raghad O. , Aljabri Mazin M. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Vaccines against human papillomaviruses (HPVs) can prevent infection and lower the risk of cervical cancer in women.

Purpose:
The purpose of the study was to assess parents’ awareness level and hesitancy toward HPV vaccination of their children.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study recruited Saudi parents who visited Maternity and Children Hospitals, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

Results:
A total of 591 parents were enrolled. About 49% of the parents have not heard about HPV before. Only 34% and 39.4% knew that HPV causes cervical cancer and that vaccination protects against cervical cancer, respectively. About one-third (30.3%) reported that they knew that HPV vaccine can be offered to female children 9 years old and above, and 80.2% had poor awareness level of the HPV. For those not planning to give their children the vaccination, the most reported reasons included lack of knowledge about the vaccine (40.7%) and not being recommended by medical staff (17.3%). The most reported source of information was social media (21.3%). Only 7% of parents vaccinated their children, and 55% planned to do so. Poor awareness was significantly associated with older age (P = 0.001), fathers (P = 0.002), having partially vaccinated children (P = 0.001), and the internet as an information source (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
The parents’ awareness level is poor regarding HPV infection and vaccination. The rate of children’s vaccination is very low. The identified causes of hesitancy should be targeted in future projects to increase vaccine coverage. Social media and the Internet can be utilized to disseminate reliable information about HPV and its vaccine to a large group of audience.
Happiness Index in Physiotherapy Students of Gujarat, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sheth Shivani , Trivedi Jainil , Sheth Megha 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Happiness, a mental feeling of well-being, is an important trait for a person to function with greater productivity. In undergraduate students, the psychological status can greatly impair academic outcomes.

Aim:
This study is aimed at evaluating overall happiness among physiotherapy students

Material and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the happiness index in physiotherapy students of Gujarat, India. One hundred and three physiotherapy students aged 18–25 years filled the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, which was used to evaluate their happiness index. Data analysis was done using Excel.

Results:
The mean happiness index score was 2.6 across 103 participants where 24.3% were males and 75.7% were females.

Conclusion:
The physiotherapy students of Gujarat, IN are somewhat unhappy.
Evaluation of Quality of Life in the Patients following Scaling and Root Planing: A Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Tilokani Tanvi , Nadig Prasad , Shah Monali , Gandhi Hardi , Deka Birina , Shah Pankti 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Assessing the quality of life (QOL) has gained significant importance in modern times. Dental researchers are now focusing not only on treating patients’ dental issues but also on examining how treatments affect their QOL. Following scaling and root planning (SRP), patient-centered outcomes such as bleeding gums, functionality, appearance of teeth and gums, tooth sensitivity, and bad breath are rarely evaluated from the patient’s viewpoint. Therefore, it is crucial to assess patient-based outcomes after SRP, as these directly impact the patients’ QOL.

Materials and Methods:
A questionnaire study was carried out in the department of periodontology. After fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the participants were divided into two groups who were evaluated by self-designed questionnaire. Participants were given the questionnaire consisting of 14 questions to be filled by the patients, 1 week after SRP and data from the filled questionnaire were subjected for statistical analysis.

Results:
The findings revealed a statistically significant difference among the groups in hypersensitivity after 7 days. However, there was no significant relevance detected in pain, anxiety, or food lodgment during the same time frame. In addition, 100% of patients from both the groups strongly affirmed experiencing confident smile posttreatment.

Conclusion:
SRP done by the dentists in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis showed a positive impact on QOL. The questionnaire serves as an objective tool for assessing QOL and concluded that sensitivity of teeth after SRP is an important aspect to be considered by the dentists.