bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective review analysis of COVID-19 patients co-infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Authors: Choubey Abhinav , Sagar Diaeddin , Cawley Philippa , Miller Katherine 
Published: March 2021

Introduction:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an extremely infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The outbreak of this virus has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality throughout the world. We have seen an unprecedented spread of this virus, leading to extreme pressure on health-care services. Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes atypical bacterial pneumonia and is known to co-infect patients with viral pneumonias.

Methods:
In this retrospective study, patients' data of 580 inpatients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were reviewed retrospectively over a 3-month period which included the the first peak of COVID-19 infections in the UK.

Results:
Eight patients with COVID-19 and M. pneumoniae coinfection were identified – four males and four females. All patients were Caucasian, with an age range of 44–89 years. 37.5% of patients were hypertensive, whereas 25% had Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Dyspnea, cough, and pyrexia were found to be very common in these patients. Majority of the patients had abnormal C-reactive protein, lymphopenia, neutrophilia along with bilateral consolidation, and ground-glass opacities. Two patients required admission to intensive care, both of whom unfortunately died along with one patient receiving ward based care.

Conclusion:
Our confirmed the presence of co-infection with M. pneumoniae and describes the clinical features, investigation results, clinical course, and outcomes for these patients. Further research is needed to review the role of procalcitonin in excluding bacterial co-infection and to assess the impact of co-infection of patients with COVID-19 on morbidity and mortality.
A Social Background of Kaibarta Community in Assam
Authors: Konwar Poli 
Published: March 2021

Assam is well-known as the land of heterogeneous population with ethnic diversity. The society in the ancient days was predominantly a non-Aryan society in Assam. The people of Assam can be divided broadly into tribal and non-tribal categories from another angle. It is to be noted that the non-tribal category are included into three major groups such as the General Caste (GC), the Scheduled Castes (SC) and the Other Backward Classes(OBC). There are sixteen SC, twenty seven Scheduled Tribes (ST) and twenty nine communities are listed as OBC in Assam. The people of all communities are basically honest, truthful, straightforward and trustworthy in Assam. They are more interested to maintain social peace and harmony in Assam. They have moved away more or less from their traditional social life style after independence in Assam. The members of the Kaibarta community are playing a very important role in social development of Assam. The culture of the Kaibarta community is very rich in Assam. In this context, the present study is an attempt to discuss about the social background of Kaibarta community in Assam.
Study on Vegetative Propagation of Elionurus latiflorus (Nees Ex Steud.) Hack
Authors: Buglia Ana Gabriela 
Published: March 2021

Aims: Elionurus latiflorus (Nees ex Steud.) Hack. commonly known as Brazilian lemongrass is a medicinal plant native to Brazil. Present experiment was conducted to study the effect of number of tillers/vegetative unit of transplants on biomass production in a period of 480 days.
Study design: The experiment was conducted by using completely randomized design with three treatments i.e. plants transplanted with one tiller (T1), plants transplanted with 2 tillers (T2) and plants transplanted with 3 tillers (T3). These treatments were replicated eight times where transplantations were done in polybags which containing mixture of soil, dung and carbonized rice in 3:1:1 ratio. These polybags were kept for 160 days in greenhouse and pruning was done in every plant by maintaining 5 cm of the plant biomass for its regrowth.
Duration of Study: This experiment was carried out over 16 months.
Methodology: Every plant seedling was submitted to a cut maintaining approximately 5 cm of the plant biomass for its regrowth. After each pruning, survival percentage, increment in the number of tillers propagated, rise of plants height, fresh as well as dry mass weight were evaluated.
Results: Lower initial number of main stems influenced survival only in the early growth phase after transplantation with a loose of 73% of the population transplanted with an unique main stem. Survival kept a constant value without plant mortalities in the successive 320 days evaluated after the first pruning. The number of tillers propagated weren’t affected significantly by the number of initial main stems in a single period. In the other hand, in the comprehensive period of the experiment there was a change with mean variation from 9.68 to 36.75. Height decreased the mean from 102.82 cm to 26.66 cm. Fresh and Dry Plant Mass increased from 5.19 g/plant to 11.47 g/plant and from 2.17 g/plant to 4.93 g/plant respectively, P˂0.05.
Conclusion: This study even if elementary represents a required approach for the domestication of the species avoiding the waste of time and plant material for successive propagation works. It represents a suggestion for further research work in greenhouses with this specie for a validation of these results.
Prevalence of Severe Acute Malnutrition and Associated Mortality Rate in Infants in Tertiary Care Hospital of Hyderabad
Authors: Jamali Asif Nadeem , Siyal Habibullah , Qambrani Zamir Ahmed , Memon Naseer Ahmed , Baig Salman , Bilal Shahid 
Published: March 2021

Aims: In developing countries malnutrition is characterized as one of the major risk factors for death in children, due to improper management of cases, lack of resources and escaping the guidelines provided by WHO. However, it is also highlighted that prompt treatment and proper management can reduce the mortality rate and improve the quality of life in children. Current study is designed to investigate the frequency of SAM and its outcomes at time of discharge in tertiary care hospital of Hyderabad.
Study Design: A cross sectional study was performed.
Place and Duration of Study: Study was performed at nutritional stabilization center of pediatric department of tertiary care hospital Hyderabad from July 2019 to Jan 2020.
Methodology: Preformed proforma was designed to record the data of participants that included demographic and primary outcome variable. Hospital protocols using WHO guidelines i.e. 10 steps for in-patient care of severe malnutrition were started & followed with feeding F-75 & F-100. Data was analyzed on SPSS-19, p-value <0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: Mean age of the study participant was 13 ± 6.3 months while majority of them were male (72%). About 70% participants were below normal as per weight to height ratio. Out of recruited participants (N=273) admitted in nutritional center prevalence of severe acute malnutrition was found to be 32.6%. After admission and management protocols 91.6% recovered however, mortality was observed in 8.9% participants.
Conclusion: We conclude that effective and prompt treatment measures and appropriate management of affected patients according provided guidelines shown decrease in mortality and increased the survival rate in admitted children.
Translation, Cultural Adaptation, and Psychometric Features of the Persian Version of the Copenhagen Multi-Centre Psychological Infertility-Fertility Problem Stress Scales (COMPI-FPSS)
Authors: Ahmad-Amraji Ladan , Jafarzadeh-Kenarsari Fatemeh , Abouzari-Gazafroodi Kobra , Leyli Ehsan Kazemnezhad , Soleimani Robabeh 
Published: March 2021

Aims: This study was conducted for translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Persian version of the Copenhagen multi-centre psychological infertility-fertility problem stress scales (COMPI-FPSS).
Study Design: This study was a methodological study.
Place and Duration of Study: This research was done in an infertility clinic of an educational hospital in Rasht (north of Iran), from November 2019 to January 2020.
Methodology: This study was performed in two phases including tool translation and psychometric testing. Totally, 200 infertile people selected through convenience sampling among subjects met inclusion criteria were included in the study. After obtaining permission from the original tool designer, the COMPI-FPSS (14 items) was translated into Persian using the forward-backward method. Face, content, and construct validity, as well as internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient and McDonald's coefficient omega) were evaluated, and test-retest was conducted. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) by SPSS software Ver. 16.
Results: EFA led to retaining of 11 items with 3 factors of “personal domain”, “marital domain”, and “social domain”, which explained 54.42% of the total variance. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole questionnaire was calculated as 0.89; also the overall McDonald's coefficient omega of the questionnaire was equal to 0.82. The correlation between the two test administrations with a 14-day interval was estimated as 0.93.
Conclusion: The Persian version of the COMPI-FPSS with 11 items and 3 factors had the desired cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability and it is recommended to use it in the future studies and infertility treatment centers.
Effectiveness of Mobilizations along With Hot Therapy versus Mobilizations for Management of Chronic Neck Pain Due to Over Usage of Smart Phones among Young at LUMHS Jamshoro
Authors: Valecha Jeetendar , Ahmed Syed Mukhtar , Nabi Tasghir , Mugria Mahesh Kumar , Sangrasi Siknader Ali , Shaikh Kumail 
Published: March 2021

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of mobilizations along with hot therapy versus mobilizations for the management of chronic neck pain due to over usage of smart phones among young.
Materials and Methods: This interventional clinical trial was conducted at OPD, Institute of Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation Sciences (IPRS) in Liaquat University Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro (LUMHS). All the individuals from LUMHS Jamshoro including students, age 18-35 years and either of gender were included. All the individuals were divided in two groups (group A and group B). Cases of group A were underwent management of mobilization with hot therapy and cases of group B underwent only mobilization management. Outcome was observed in the terms of decrease the pain during work, reading and sleeping. All the data was recorded via study proforma.
Results: Total 64 individuals were studied. Mean age was 26.2+4.2 years in group A and 28.6+5.3years. Males were in majority in both groups. According to the pain assessment on movement, mild pain was in 18.8%, moderate pain was 50.0%, severe pain was in 12.5% and very severe pain was in 18.85 of the patients of group A. However in group B most of the patients 93.8% had mild pain and 6.2% patients had severe pain, while no any patients with moderate pain and very severe pain was found in group B. After treatment pain was more decreased in patients of group A as pain during work, reading and sleeping was significantly higher in only mobilizations treatment group as compared to those underwent mobilizations with hot therapy treatment, p-values were quite significant.
Conclusion: It was concluded that the treatment of mobilization with Hot pack was more effective than treatment only mobilization.
Frequency of Incidental Ageing-Related Lung Findings in an Elderly Population: A Saudi Teleradiology CT Study
Authors: Ajlan Amr M. , Eskander Ayman A. 
Published: March 2021

Objectives: To assess the frequency of ageing-related lung changes seen on computed tomography (CT) chest examinations performed on teleradiology cohort of elderly patients.
Materials and Methods: An experienced radiologist retrospectively assessed at a 3-month worth of teleradiology data of CT chest, abdomen and pelvis performed for detection or staging of malignancy is in asymptomatic patients 60 years old and older, residing in Saudi Arabia. Patients with known smoking history or obscuring abnormalities were excluded. Lung windows were analyzed to detect bronchial wall thickening, mosaic attenuation, linear scars, reticulations and pneumatocoeles. Bronchial thickening and mosaic attenuation were stratified by severity, while the scars and pneumatocoeles were stratified by number.
Results: A total of 26 cases were collected out of 137 patients, with a mean age of 67 years old (61% males). Bronchial wall thickening was detected and 56%, with 35% being of moderate degree. Mosaic attenuation was detected in 26%, with 70% being of mild degree. Linear scarring was seen and 61%, in the absence of reticulations. Pneumatocoeles were detected in 26%, with 22% being more than 2 in numbers.
Conclusion: In a select teleradiology cohort of asymptomatic CT chest imaging in elderly patients, bronchial wall thickening, mosaic attenuation, linear scarring pneumatocoeles are frequently encountered. Such findings should not lead to clinical or imaging misinterpretations.
Barriers Influencing COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake among the Public in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , Alkhawaja Faisal Z. , Alrawili Abdulrahman S. 
Published: March 2021

Aim: The aim of this study is to explore barriers that influence COVID-19 vaccination uptake among the public in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: This study included an online questionnaire that was prepared using questionnaire of previous study. After that, it was converted using Google® forms to an online form and was disseminated by social media platforms to be completed by the public.
Results: Only 13.37% of the respondents believe that COVID-19 is not serious enough to warrant vaccination, about 14.71% agreed that the vaccine does not provide benefit, about 17.64% agreed that the chance of getting COVID-19 disease is low. About 31.37% of them said that they don’t have the time to get vaccinated. About 60.78% of the respondents said that they concerned about the vaccine side effects.
Conclusion: The main barrier of COVID-19 vaccination uptake was the vaccine side effects concerns. Health care provider should provide open and transparent information about vaccine safety and the potential vaccine side effects. Health education programs could change people’s thoughts and feelings towards vaccination.
Fast and Reversible Na Intercalation in Nsutite‐Type VO2 Hierarchitectures
Authors: Chen Dong , Yang Wenjin , Jiang Yu , Ang Edison Huixiang , Feng Yuezhan , Rui Xianhong , Yu Yan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), owing to the natural abundance and low cost of sodium resources, are the promising alternative to lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) in the field of large‐scale energy storage. Nevertheless, the development of appropriate anodes for SIBs is still a challenge. Vanadium oxides with diverse crystallographic structures and high theoretical capacities hold large opportunities to construct high‐performance SIBs. Among them, new‐state nsutite‐type VO2 (VO2(N)) produced by the random intergrowth of rutile VO2(R) (superior structural stability but sluggish kinetics) and paramontroseite VO2(P) (high electronic/ionic conductivity but weak structural stability) have ample opportunity to obtain desirable sodium storage performance with high capacity, long lifespan, and rapid reaction dynamics. Herein, the spindle‐like VO2(N) is developed through a simple hydrothermal approach. It demonstrates a Na+ (de)intercalation mechanism and exhibits a high capacity of 411 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 as well as outstanding high‐rate cyclic stability (103 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1 over 6000 cycles). Furthermore, a high‐performance VO2(N)||Na3V2(PO4)2O2F full cell is developed, which shows that the VO2(N) anode has the potential for practical use.
A Metal‐Free Direct Arene C−H Amination
Authors: Wang Tao , Hoffmann Marvin , Dreuw Andreas , Hasagić Edina , Hu Chao , Stein Philipp M. , Witzel Sina , Shi Hongwei , Yang Yangyang , Rudolph Matthias , Stuck Fabian , Rominger Frank , Kerscher Marion , Comba Peter , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe synthesis of aryl amines via the formation of a C−N bond is an essential tool for the preparation of functional materials, active pharmaceutical ingredients and bioactive products. Usually, this chemical connection is only possible by transition metal‐catalyzed reactions, photochemistry or electrochemistry. Here, we report a metal‐free arene C−H amination using hydroxylamine derivatives under benign conditions. A charge transfer interaction between the aminating reagents TsONHR and the arene substrates enables the chemoselective amination of the arene, even in the presence of various functional groups. Oxygen was crucial for an effective conversion and its accelerating role for the electron transfer step was proven experimentally. In addition, this was rationalized by a theoretical study which indicated the involvement of a dioxygen‐bridged complex with a “Sandwich‐like” arrangement of the aromatic starting materials and the aminating agents at the dioxygen molecule.magnified image
How does summer environmental degradation influence native mussels in Corbicula invaded rivers?
Authors: Oosterhuis Dian , Pardo Isabel , Ferreira‐Rodríguez Noé 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Droughts and heat waves are becoming more frequent, persistent, and intense in a global warming context. Although previous studies reported Corbicula mass mortality events associated with the occurrence of extreme summer conditions, knowledge of their effects lags behind ecosystem functioning.
The goal of this study was to determine whether summer environmental degradation (droughts, extreme temperatures, and spikes in ammonium concentration) influences the survival and behaviour of native mussels in rivers invaded by Corbicula and, in consequence, their functioning in ecosystems.
Unio delphinus mussels were exposed to increasing summer environmental degradation. Water column and pore water samples were collected at six sampling time‐points for nutrient analysis. Environmental conditions, survival and behaviour were monitored at 12‐hour intervals.
Mortality risk was greatest under no‐flow conditions, reaching 100% of mortality after 84 ± 22 hours of exposure to anoxic (<2 mg O2 L−1) conditions. At the sub‐lethal level, quiescent conditions impaired filtration activity. In addition, when facing rising temperatures, native mussels buried deeply and vertical movements were depleted.
There were significant differences between the water column and the pore water in physicochemical characteristics. Oxygen and nitrate concentration were generally higher in the water column. In contrast, ammonium and phosphate maximum concentrations were measured in the pore water.
The results suggest that environmental degradation affects the role of mussels in ecosystem functioning. For instance, prolonged valve closure under poor water quality conditions may have impacts on particle removal from the water column. Furthermore, impairment of vertical movements may reduce nutrient release from sediments.
The present study has key implications for water management and for the conservation of mussel populations. For instance, a responsible approach for maintaining ecosystem integrity should include the water needs of freshwater mussels in environmental flow recommendations and the conservation of riparian vegetation corridors to mitigate the effects of increased water temperature in rivers.
Determinants of environmental innovations supporting small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises sustainable development
Authors: Carfora Alfonso , Scandurra Giuseppe , Thomas Antonio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEnterprises are increasingly required to improve their environmental performances. The adoption of environmental innovations (EIs) is believed a way to achieve this goal. So a flourishing debate about the determinants supporting investment in EIs arose. Researchers have thus far paid attention mainly to established manufacturing firms operating in traditional sectors. Hence, scientific literature recommends deepening the behavior of small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) because of the role they play in the productive systems in many Western countries. With this in mind, this study investigates a probabilistic sample of 222 innovative SMEs using the partial least squares and importance–performance map analysis in order to identify the factors affecting their propensity to invest in EIs. Findings show that the propensity results are affected by the firms' environmental awareness, company staff, and capabilities, among the internal factors, whereas among the external ones, the propensity is affected by norms and regulations. An important role is also played by the hope to improve their economic and environmental performances. Monetary and fiscal incentives reveal not to be significant. Consequently, policies should firstly propose an appropriate mix of regulations and stimuli following two directions: a compliance direction to more stringent regulations and rules to be followed through the imposition of penalties and a cultural direction aiming at improving environmental awareness of SMEs about the desirability of pursuing EIs for both ethical and economic reasons, given the potential benefits associated with such innovations.
MiRNA‐1271‐5p regulates osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells by targeting forkhead box O1 (FOXO1)
Authors: Yang Qining , Zhou Yongwei , Wang Tianbao , Cai Pengfei , Fu Weicong , Wang Jinhua , Li Xiaofei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractForkhead box O1 (FOXO1) is a key regulator of osteogenesis. The aim of this study was to identify the mechanisms of microRNAs (miRNAs) targeting FOXO1 in osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Three miRNA target prediction programs were used to search for potential miRNAs that target FOXO1. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was conducted to detect the expression of miR‐1271‐5p and FOXO1 during osteogenic differentiation. Target gene prediction and screening, luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the downstream target gene of miR‐1271‐5p. The expression levels of FOXO1 and Runx2 were detected by RT‐qPCR and Western blot analysis. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and matrix mineralization were detected by biochemical methods. The expression levels of Runx2, ALP, and osteocalcin were detected by RT‐qPCR. Our results showed that miR‐1271‐5p was downregulated during osteogenic induction. And the expression levels of miR‐1271‐5p were higher in osteoporotic tissues than that in adjacent nonosteoporotic tissues. The expression levels of FOXO1 were lower in osteoporotic tissues than that in adjacent nonosteoporotic tissues. And a negative correlation was found between miR‐1271‐5p and FOXO1 in osteoporotic tissues. Overexpression of miR‐1271‐5p downregulated FOXO1 and inhibited osteogenic differentiation in hMSCs. Overexpression of miR‐1271‐5p downregulated the expression of osteogenic markers and reduced ALP activity. In addition, ectopic expression of FOXO1 reversed the effect of miR‐1271‐5p on osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, miR‐1271‐5p functioned as a therapeutic target of osteogenic differentiation in hMSCs by inhibiting FOXO1, which provides valuable insights into the use of miR‐1271‐5p as a target in the treatment of osteoporosis and other bone metabolic diseases.