bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tiny Taps and Noisy Hacks
Authors: Brown Kristen Rose 
Published: April 2021

At the turn of the twentieth century, Dakota artist-activist Gertrude Bonnin, widely known by her self-chosen name, Zitkala Ša, brought attention to the violence of compulsory boarding schools with a series of narrative essays published in the Atlantic Monthly. Existing scholarship focusing on her activism, however, lacks a sustained study of the subversive role of sound, especially music and dance, in her literary and musical projects. This essay aims to address that gap through a study of Zitkala Ša’s sophisticated sonic politics.
After discussing the historical tension between prohibiting and appropriating Indigenous sounds, I explore how the boarding school press became a formidable engine for assimilation projects. A close reading in tandem with tracing the reception of Zitkala Ša’s essay “The Indian Dance: A Protest Against Its Abolition” highlights her reverse-gaze strategy while also underscoring how effectively it agitated strident assimilationists. Likewise, her collaboration on The Sun Dance Opera resulted in the project’s defying tidy categorization and denying full disclosure of the ceremony, thereby rendering its own sonic politics of self-determination. Often mistakenly considered a domesticity-centered hiatus in her literary career, Zitkala Ša’s years on the Uintah-Ouray Reservation were a period of creative sonic productivity and constitute a significant era in Zitkala Ša’s developing activism, bridging her younger, serial publication years with the sophistication of the federal-level vocal activism of her later years.
Risk Factors for Maltreatment in Siblings of Abused Children
Authors: Kisely Steve , Strathearn Lane , Najman Jake M. 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVES:
To examine the association between child maltreatment (abuse and neglect) in one sibling and that in another as well as associated risk factors.

METHODS:
The participants were 520 sibling pairs enrolled in a population-based birth cohort study in Brisbane, Australia (N = 1040). Exposure to suspected child maltreatment was measured by linkage with state child protection agency data. Self-reports of childhood sexual abuse were also collected at the 21-year follow-up.

RESULTS:
There were notifications in both children for 8.5% of the sibling pairs (n = 44). A notification in the first sibling was associated with a 60-fold increase in the likelihood of a notification in the second sibling (95% confidence interval: 29.3–125.1), resulting in nearly three-quarters being the subject of a report. In terms of the subtypes, neglect revealed the strongest association, followed by sexual abuse. At the 21-year follow-up, 58% of second siblings reported sexual abuse when the first sibling disclosed similar experiences. On adjusted analyses, maternal age of &lt;20 years was the strongest and most consistent predictor of abuse, with indigenous status, maternal depression, parental relationship, and familial poverty playing a lesser role.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results highlight the close association between child abuse in one sibling and maltreatment in a second sibling as well as possible risk factors. Greater awareness of these factors may inform interventions, particularly primary and secondary prevention.
Az elsősegélynyújtási attitűd változása a COVID–19-járvány idején
Authors: Betlehem József , Bánfai-Csonka Henrietta , Musch János , Deutsch Krisztina , Sánta Emese , Bánfai Bálint 
Published: April 2021

Összefoglaló. Az új típusú koronavírus (SARS-CoV-2 ) okozta járvány
hirtelen megnövekedett betegszámai és halálozásai komoly kihívás elé állították
az egészségügyi ellátás minden színterét. A magas időfaktorú kórképek
ellátásában a laikusok által végzett elsősegélynyújtás alapvető fontosságú a
beteg túlélése és maradandó egészségkárosodásának elkerülése szempontjából. Az
áttekintés célja rávilágítani arra, hogy a SARS-CoV-2 okozta járvány idején az
első észlelők által megkezdett azonnali beavatkozások késlekedése mögött az
elsősegélynyújtói attitűd változása feltételezhető. A társadalmilag fontos
elsősegélynyújtás fenntartása érdekében az Európai Újraélesztési Tanács is
módosította az elsősegélyre, az alapvető, eszköz nélküli újraélesztésre
vonatkozó irányelveit, továbbá ajánlásokat fogalmazott meg a járvány idején a
biztonságos elsősegélynyújtás oktatásával kapcsolatban. A hazai adaptáció
érdekében a jelen áttekintés összefoglalja a legfontosabb eljárásrendi
szempontokat, kiegészítéseket, és kitér azok gyakorlati alkalmazhatóságára is.
Az eljárásrendek változásának legfőbb célja, hogy a segítségnyújtói szándékot a
koronavírus-járvány előtti motiváltsági szintre lehessen visszahozni és azt
tovább fokozni szakszerű oktatási anyagok és korszerű módszerek révén. Orv
Hetil. 2021; 162(15): 571–578.
Summary. The sudden increase in the number of patients and deaths
from this novel type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic poses a serious
challenge to all arenas of health care delivery system. The care of high-time
dependent-factor illnesses is essential for the survival of a patient and the
need for avoiding impairment of health. The purpose of the review is to
highlight that a change in first-aid attitudes can be assumed behind the delay
in immediate interventions initiated by first responders during the SARS-CoV-2
pandemic. To maintain socially important first aid, the European Resuscitation
Council amended its guidelines on first aid, basic life support and made further
recommendations at the time of pandemic on first-aid education, too. For
effective domestic adaptation, the present overview summarises the most
important aspects of guidelines and their supplements and also covers their
practical implementations. The main purpose of the change in guidelines is to
bring the willingness of the first responders back to the level before the
coronavirus pandemic, and to further enhance it with professional educational
materials and modern methods. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(15): 571–578.
Lehetőségek és buktatók a SARS-CoV-2-antigén és az ellene termelt antitestek kimutatásában
Authors: Medgyaszai Melinda , Péterfi Zalán , Valkó Anna 
Published: April 2021

Összefoglaló. A koronavírus-betegség 2019 (COVID–19)-pandémia komoly
kihívás elé állította nemcsak a mikrobiológiai laboratóriumokat, hanem az
eredmények interpretálásában a klinikumban dolgozó kollégákat is. Az
orvostudomány specializált világában az immunológiai és a fertőző betegségekkel
kapcsolatos ismeretek az antimikrobás terápiás megoldások sikeressége, valamint
a széles körű vakcináció miatt az idők folyamán számos szakterületen háttérbe
szorultak, felfrissítésük sürgető és elengedhetetlen része a pandémiával való
megküzdésnek. A diagnosztikai vizsgálatok fontos eszközei a járvány
megfékezésének, illetve a betegek ellátásának, azonban a vírus és az emberi
szervezet interakciójának megértése elengedhetetlenül szükséges a korrekt
epidemiológiai és gyógyászati véleményalkotáshoz. Jelen cikkünk az orvosi
gyakorlat számára foglalja össze a súlyos akut légzőszervi szindrómát okozó
koronavírus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) kimutatására, valamint az immunrendszer specifikus
immunválaszának szerológiai vizsgálatára irányuló, gyakorlatban használatos
módszereket, azok helyét, szerepét és értékelésük szempontjait a tudomány jelen
állása szerint. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(15): 563–570.
Summary. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic posed a
serious challenge not only for microbiology laboratories, but also for the
clinicians in interpretation of the results. In the specialized world of
medicine, knowledge of immunological and infectious diseases has been relegated
to the background in many disciplines over time due to the success of
antimicrobial therapies and widespread vaccination, so updating them is an
urgent and essential part of the fight against the pandemic. Diagnostic tests
are important tools for controlling the epidemic and caring for patients, but
understanding the interaction between the virus and the human body is essential
to form a correct epidemiological and medical opinion. This paper summarizes the
medical methods for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the serological testing of the specific immune
response of the immune system, their place, role and criteria of their
evaluation according to current scientific knowledge. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(15):
563–570.
COMPETENCIAS TRANSVERSALES EN INGENIERÍAS
Authors: Torres-Barreto Martha Liliana , Álvarez-Melgarejo Mileidy , Plata-Gómez Karen Rocío 
Published: April 2021

La investigación sobre gamificación reviste una tendencia creciente en la última década, con aplicaciones de principios y elementos propios del juego en ambientes no lúdicos para motivar el aprendizaje a diferentes niveles educativos, desde básica primaria, hasta entornos empresariales. Dado el potencial de estas estrategias para realizar cambios estructurales dentro y fuera del aula, esta investigación aplica los principios de gamificación propuestos por Noran (2016), para el diseño y prototipado de una herramienta gamificada, que apoye transversalmente los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en una facultad de ingeniería. Para ello se trabajó con 121 estudiantes y 166 egresados que participaron en la priorizaron de competencias relevantes para ingenieros. Los resultados señalan tres capacidades prioritarias para este ejercicio: 1) adquirir nuevo conocimiento y usarlo eficazmente, 2) identificar y resolver problemas de ingeniería, y 3) trabajar en equipo. Además, se diseñó la herramienta con tres lúdicas gamificadas que buscan reforzar las competencias transversales priorizadas.
Multifocal Electroretinography as a Method of Functional Assessment of Retinal Laser Injury in Experimental Studies
Authors: Suetov A. A. , Alekperov S. I. , Odinokaya M. A. , Kostina A. A. , Petrova E. A. 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: to investigate local functional changes in the rabbit retina by multifocal electroretinography under pulsed laser radiation.Materials and methods. Transpupillary applications by single laser pulses (Nd:YAG laser, 532 nm, 50 ms) with the diameter of the laser beam spot on the retina surface of 132 µm (15 eyes) and 200 µm (15 eyes) were performed on 30 eyes of 15 rabbits. In each eye were applied 6 applications of different laser pulse power (15, 30, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mW). The diameter of the injury zone was assessed ophthalmoscopically and histologically. Multifocal electroretinography was performed before and 30 minutes after exposure using a module for multifocal electroretinography Neuro-ERG (Neurosoft, Russia), topographically comparing a pattern of 61 hexagons with an ophthalmoscopic fundus picture. The amplitude (µV) of the P1 peak and the implicit times (ms) of the P1 and N1 peaks were estimated in the first-order response in the hexagons corresponding to the laser damage zones.Results. When using a laser spot on the retina of 132 microns and 200 microns, the threshold level of laser radiation power for the development of significant local changes in the bioelectric activity of the retina was 50 and 30 mW, respectively (p < 0.05). The minimal diameter of the laser damage at which significant functional changes are recorded by multifocal electroretinography with a pattern stimulator consisting of 61 hexagons was 127.2 ± 6.4 µm (spot 132 µm, energy 50 mW), while a significant relationship was found between changes in the peak amplitude P1 and ophthalmoscopic and histological dimensions of the damage zone (r = 0.73 and r = 0.71, respectively, p < 0.01).Conclusion. The use of multifocal electroretinography can be used to quantify functional changes in local laser damage to the retina in experimental studies on rabbits.
New Hyaluronic Acid Preparations in the Treatment of Children with Dry Eye Syndrome
Authors: Brzheskiy V. V. , Gorbachevskaya I. N. , Golubev S. Y. 
Published: April 2021

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the preparations Optinol® Express Moisture (0.21 %) and Optinol® Deep Moisture (0.4 %) in the treatment of children with dry eye syndrome (DES) and to determine the indications for prescribing these drugs for various etiologies and clinical course of the disease.Patients and methods. The study involved 56 children aged 4–17 years with DES, which were divided into 3 groups, depending on its pathogenetic type. The first consisted of 24 children with DES, which developed on the basis of chronic blepharitis, the second — 12 children with neuroparalytic keratitis, and the third — 18 children with chronic uveitis, in whom DES was caused by prolonged instillations of eye drops with benzalkonium chloride. Each group was divided into 2 more equal subgroups, the first of which was prescribed the drug Optinol® Express Moisture, and the second — Optinol® Deep Moisture with a frequency of 4 times a day.Results. In all children, from the very first days of instillation of the studied drugs, a decrease in the severity of subjective signs of DES (OSDI) was noted, as well as a gradual decrease in the degree of xerotic changes in the ocular surface (severity of its staining with vital dyes) and an increase in the stability of the tear film (M.Norn). At the same time, the positive dynamics of the controlled parameters increased with the continuation of therapy, reaching a maximum by the 30th day of treatment. Moreover, the effectiveness of therapy depended on the severity of xerosis of the ocular surface: it was maximal in children with mild, and minimal in children with an extremely severe form of xerosis (with neuroparalytic keratitis). Moreover, the drug Optinol® Express Moisture was more effective in the treatment of children with mild and extremely severe forms of DES, and Optinol® Deep Moisture — with moderate and severe xerosis.Conclusion. The preparations Optinol® Express Moisture and Optinol® Deep Moisturization are effective in the treatment of children with DES, which has developed on the basis of pathology of the ocular surface of neurotrophic and artifact genesis, as well as increased volatility of the precorneal tear film against the background of chronic blepharitis.
Clinical Course and Results of Anti-VEGF Therapy of Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Katargina L. A. , Demchenko E. N. , Kogoleva L. V. 
Published: April 2021

The clinical course of active retinopathy after anti-VEGF therapy, the possibility and timing of recurrence of the disease, anatomical and functional outcomes of treatment are widely discussed in the press, not fully studied and relevant.Purpose: to study the clinical course of active retinopathy of prematurity after anti-VEGF therapy and clinical and functional outcomes.Patients and Methods. Children with active retinopathy of prematurity, who turned to the Helmgoltz National Medical Research Centre of Eye Diseases after anti-VEGF therapy, examined by indirect binocular ophthalmoscopy and digital retinal camera (RetcamShuttle). Children were monitored from 1.5 to 6 years (average 2.94 ± 1.47). All children underwent routine examination, 4 children older than 3 years underwent optical coherence tomography.Results. In all cases, after anti-VEGF therapy, there was a decrease in vascular activity and continued vascularization of the retina. Recurrence of the disease requiring additional treatment, were detected in 11 (42.3 %) eyes within 6–22 weeks (in average 13.33 ± 5.57) after intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy. Laser coagulation of the retina was carried out in 4 children (7 eyes) and repeated administration of anti-VEGF drug — 2 children (4 eyes), which led to regression of the disease. In the long-term period, all 13 (100 %) children had successful outcomes.Conclusion. Anti-VEGF therapy is effective in plus-zone 1 disease and posterior aggressive retinopathy of prematurity. Its advantages include the ability to treat retinopathy in zone 1 posterior, the absence of “blockade” of the peripheral retina with the possibility of continued growth of blood vessels to the periphery, lower frequency and severity of myopia. The disadvantages include the possibility of recurrence of the disease, which requires long-term regular monitoring.
Clinical and Functional Results of a Combined Surgical Treatment of Pellucid Marginal Degeneration
Authors: Kalinnikov Yu. Yu. , Nevrov D. V. , Kalinnikova S. Yu. , Tkachenko I. S. 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical results of a combined approach to the treatment of pellucid marginal degeneration, that includes femtolaser-assisted keratotomy, intrastromal lamellar keratoplasty with a use of refractive lenticule and a simultaneous intracorneal ring segment implantation, followed by a local collagen cross-linking.Patients and methods. An analysis of the outcomes of the surgical treatment performed in 20 eyes of 15 patients from 36 to 57 years old who were diagnosed with pellucid marginal degeneration in both of their eyes. During the first stage of the treatment patients underwent a femtolaser-assisted keratotomy in a steep meridian, intrastromal lamellar keratoplasty in the zone of corneal thinning and a simultaneous implantation of intracorneal ring segments with an arc-length of 80 to 160 degrees, followed by a local corneal cross-linking during the second stage. Refractive lenticules obtained during the ReLEx® SMILE procedure were used as a lamellar graft.Results. By the end of the follow-up period of 12 months the UCVA had improved from 0.1 ± 0.07 to 0.33 ± 0.23 and the BCVA from 0.4 ± 0.25 to 0.7 ± 0.28 (p < 0.05). The corneal topography demonstrated a decrease in maximum simulated keratometry values from 49.28 ± 2.57 D to 46.15 ± 1.73 D and an astigmatism reduction from 7.4 ± 3,9 D to 2.1 ± 0,53 D. The corneal thickness increased from 508.0 ± 31.0 μm to 606.0 ± 36.0 μm in the zone of the thinning.Conclusions. The analysis of the clinical outcomes has demonstrated the high efficacy of the combined approach to the treatment of pellucid marginal degeneration. The ICRS implantation allowed for a significant cylinder reduction and an improvement of visual acuity. The lamellar keratoplasty allowed for a reinforcement of the thinned cornea, and the subsequent local collagen cross-linking ensured corneal stability.
Outcomes of Application Two-Piece Microkeratome-Assisted Mushroom Keratoplasty
Authors: Trufanov S. V. , Budnikova E. A. , Rozinova V. N. 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: to evaluate outcomes and to expose possible specific complications of two-piece mushroom keratoplasty.Patients and methods. A total of 9 patients (9 eyes) with corneal perforations and deep stromal opacities involving the Descemet membrane were undergone surgery. In all cases, preserved hypothermic corneoscleral buttons (in Borzenok– Moroz medium) for up to 5 days were used as donor material. The two-piece mushroom keratoplasty was performed using a microkeratome and vacuum trephines set in the variant proposed by M. Busin.Results. Success survival was obtained in 78 % of patients (7 out of 9 cases). Best spectaclecorrected visual acuity (BSCVA) 1 year after surgery averaged 0.54 ± 0.20. The average of corneal astigmatism was 3.41 ± 1.89 D. Endothelial cell density in 6 months after surgery was on average 2364 ± 236/mm2, and in 1 year — 2082 ± 228/mm2. A false chamber formation between separate parts of the graft as a specific complication was detected in 2 patients on 1 day after surgery. In one case it was eliminated by air re-injecting into the ocular anterior chamber. The second patient underwent conventional PKP due to the lack of graft adaptation. In addition, 1 patient also underwent conventional PKP as a result of postoperative crystalline infectious keratopathy, which is the non-specific complication of mushroom keratoplasty.Conclusion. The two-piece microkeratome-assisted mushroom keratoplasty is an effective method of surgical treatment of corneal perforations and deep stromal opacities involving the Descemet membrane.
Avaliação dos cursos na modalidade a distância do IFPB: um caminho em construção
Authors: Paiva Juliana Da Silva , Guerra Maria das Graças Gonçalves Vieira 
Published: April 2021

<p>Este trabalho avaliou os cursos na modalidade a distância do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba – IFPB, na visão dos gestores e alunos. Foram aplicados questionários aos gestores e aos discentes dos cursos superiores em Administração (bacharelado) e Letras (licenciatura). É uma pesquisa aplicada, com utilização de questionário, com uma amostra por conveniência a 04 gestores e 107 alunos. Como resultado, constatou-se a existência de lacunas na Educação a Distância - EaD do IFPB, apresentando um parâmetro mediante o posicionamento dos gestores e alunos no que concerne ao ensino-aprendizagem, à gestão estrutural e administrativa. Os resultados obtidos apontaram uma necessidade do IFPB de repensar os aspectos que assegurem a continuidade das ações, de redesenhar os procedimentos e processos acadêmico-administrativos e de gestão, de maneira que se adequem aos padrões de qualidade para a consolidação da modalidade de ensino a distância.</p>
O Crescimento Pôndero-Estatural de Lactentes Cujas Mães Fizeram Uso de Cocaína e/ou Crack Durante o Período Gestacional: Revisão Integrativa
Authors: De Aquino Gustavo Selenko , Simão Carolina , De Vargas Divane , Minagawa Toriyama Áurea Tamami , Ramallo Veríssimo Maria De La Ó 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: sintetizar estudos sobre o crescimento pôndero-estatural de lactentes (de 0 até 1 ano) cujas mães fizeram uso de cocaína e/ou crack durante o período gestacional. Materiais e Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa que buscou artigos com medidas de peso, estatura e/ou perímetro cefálico, até o primeiro ano de vida, nas bases Scopus, Cinahl, Embase, Web of Science e PsycNET e nos portais Pubmed e BVS. Resultados: na busca inicial, foram identificados 567 estudos, organizados pela plataforma EndNote®. Ao fim da leitura dos materiais, foram incluindo 7 estudos, publicados entre os anos de 1992 e 2011, todos dos Estados Unidos. Os lactentes expostos apresentaram valores menores nas medidas de crescimento, quando comparados a grupo controle, sendo este dado mais expressivo ao nascimento. Com o passar dos meses, ocorreu aproximação nos valores entre os grupos. O padrão de consumo de substâncias foi descrito num estudo somente, fator que implica diretamente na análise dos dados. Conclusão: segundo a literatura, o uso de cocaína e/ou crack durante o período gestacional proporciona desfechos de crescimento pôndero-estatural menores, quando comparados a não expostos, ocorrendo catch-up entre o sexto e o décimo segundo mês de vida.
O Impacto dos Aspectos Socioambientais na Qualidade de Vida Das Pessoas com Doença Falciforme
Authors: De Souza Natânia Pereira 
Published: April 2021

RESUMO: Objetivo: Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os fatores socioambientais que interferem na gravidade da doença falciforme e diminuem a qualidade de vida das pessoas com a doença. Materiais e métodos: Os doentes falciformes foram localizados por busca ativa e pelo método de bola de neve e entrevistados com o objetivo de obter dados clínicos e socioambientais, bem como ter o sangue coletado para diagnóstico das hemoglobinas e determinação dos haplótipos. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 29 pessoas, dessas 59% tiveram dificuldades para estudar, 45% tiveram dificuldades para conseguir emprego ou se manter nele, 62% declararam nível médio de conforto do domicílio, e 55% residem em bairros mais afastados do centro da cidade. As pessoas com a doença, classificadas com maior gravidade clínica, apresentaram genótipo HbSS (66%) e tiveram nível de conforto intermediário baixo, sendo o haplótipo Bantu o mais frequente. Conclusão: Portanto, o perfil socioambiental de parte das pessoas com doença falciforme foi caracterizado por condições de moradia com nível de conforto baixo ou intermediário, associado à baixa renda per capita. Esses fatores estão relacionados com a perda da qualidade de vida do doente falciforme, o que favorece o agravamento do seu quadro clínico.