bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle changes associated with COVID-19 quarantine among young Saudi women: A prospective study
Authors: Al-Musharaf Sara , Aljuraiban Ghadeer , Bogis Rania , Alnafisah Ruyuf , Aldhwayan Madhawi , Tahrani Abd 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundNegative lifestyle behaviors are associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes from coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This study aimed to assess lifestyle changes affecting weight, sleep, mental health, physical activity, and dietary habits prospectively from before COVID-19 to during lockdown.MethodsA total of 297 Saudi women, aged 19–30 years (mean age, 20.7 ± 1.4 years), were interviewed at two time points, before and during the quarantine. The data collected included anthropometrics, sociodemographic data, clinical history, food frequency questionnaire responses, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) responses, and Perceived Stress Scale measures. In addition, during quarantine, COVID-19 and nutrition-related information and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores were collected. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine the indicators of weight gain and loss from before COVID-19 (baseline) until during lockdown.ResultsAlthough approximately half of the participants did not report a weight change, 30% revealed weight loss and 18%, weight gain. The variables associated with increased weight gain were self-quarantine since COVID-19 started (OR: 5.17, 95% CI: 1.57–17.01, p = 0.007), age (OR: 1.53, 1.03–2.28, p = 0.04), and stress at baseline and during lockdown (OR: 1.15, 1.03–1.29, p = 0.01; OR: 1.10, 1.01–1.19, p = 0.03, respectively). The variables associated with a reduced risk of weight gain were the GPAQ score during lockdown (OR: 0.16, 0.04–0.66, p = 0.01), coffee consumption (OR: 0.36, 0.19–0.67, p = 0.01), and total sleep time (OR: 0.70, 0.51–0.97, p = 0.03).ConclusionWhile most young Saudi women experienced no weight change during the COVID-19 lockdown, one-third lost weight and a significant proportion gained weight. Factors associated with weight, such as stress, sleep hours, physical activity, and coffee consumption, highlight the need to carefully consider those at risk during future circumstances that may require lockdowns. These factors could also aid in implementing policies for future lockdowns and support those most at risk of gaining weight.
Understanding frailty among older people living in old age homes and the community in Nepal: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shah Richa , Carandang Rogie Royce , Shibanuma Akira , Ong Ken Ing Cherng , Kiriya Junko , Jimba Masamine 
Published: April 2021

Introduction
Frailty is a state of being vulnerable to adverse health outcomes such as falls, delirium, and disability in older people. Identifying frailty is important in a low-income setting to prevent it from progressing, reducing healthcare costs, increasing the chances of reversibility, and implementing effective interventions. The factors affecting frailty in older people living in old age homes could differ from those living in the community. This study was conducted to identify the factors associated with frailty in older people residing in old age homes and communities in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study conducted from April to June 2019 in three districts of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Data were collected from 193 older people residing in old age homes and 501 residing in communities aged 60 and above using convenience sampling. Frailty was measured using the Groningen Frailty Indicator. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between independent variables and frailty.

Results
Frailty was more prevalent among older people in old age homes (71.5%) compared to those in the community (56.3%). Older people who were satisfied with their living environment had lower frailty scores in both old age homes (β = -0.20, p<0.01) and the community (β = -0.15, p<0.001). Those who had self-rated unhealthy lifestyle had higher frailty scores in both old age homes (β = 0.45, p<0.001) and the community (β = 0.25, p<0.001). In the community, those over 80 years of age had higher frailty scores (β = 0.15, p<0.01) and those with higher education had lower scores (β = -0.13, p<0.05).

Conclusion
The living environment and lifestyle are key modifiable risk factors of frailty, both in old age homes and the community. The findings suggest a need for lifestyle modification and reforms in building standards, especially in old age homes, to promote age-friendly communities.
Linearisierung der Prozesse Kraftwerkseinsatzplanung und Redispatch
Authors: Klabunde Christian , Wolter Martin 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Optimierung von Engpassmanagementmaßnahmen ist ein bedeutender Forschungsschwerpunkt in der elektrischen Energieversorgung. Hierfür haben sich unterschiedlichste Methoden etabliert. Diese Methoden verwenden sowohl klassische als auch heuristische Optimierungsalgorithmen, um das Engpassmanagementproblem zu lösen. Der Fokus dieser Veröffentlichung liegt auf der Darstellung aller Schritte, die zur Linearisierung des Engpassmanagementproblems notwendig sind. Darauf aufbauend wird ein gemischt ganzzahliges lineares Optimierungsproblem aufgebaut, das sowohl die Kraftwerkseinsatzplanung als auch das Engpassmanagement umfasst. Die entwickelten Optimierungsalgorithmen werden auf ein Testszenario basierend auf dem IEEE 24 Knoten Netz angewandt. Mit Hilfe des vorgestellten Algorithmus ist es möglich, das Netz engpassfrei zu betreiben. Zum Ausgleich des Linearisierungsfehlers muss der Algorithmus auf das Beispielnetz dreimal angewandt werden.
Adaptation to driver-assistance systems depending on experience
Authors: Ucińska Monika 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMany tasks that until recently could only be performed by humans are now entrusted to machines. Automation plays an increasingly important role in many areas of life, and its special role is observed in broadly understood transport, affecting the mobility, behaviour, and safety of drivers. Faced with the threat of a large number of accidents, deaths, and injuries, vehicles equipped with driver-assistance systems, the so-called ADAS (advanced driver-assistance system), are a significant support for the driver in reacting to the unexpected situations. The studies conducted so far indicate that the experience of using these systems may increase not only the comfort but most of all the safety of road users. In Poland, such analyses are still a challenge. The aim of the study designed by scientists from the Motor Transport Institute was to analyse the impact of the experience in using a vehicle equipped with systems on the speedy adaptation to the use of new driver-assistance systems. The adaptation process for the use of three systems was taken into account: adaptive cruise control, blind spot detection system, and lane keeping assistant. The research was carried out in real traffic. Particular attention was paid to the reactions of people who have no experience with the use of driver-assistance systems in vehicles, compared to those who have used these systems before. Proprietary questionnaires on the drivers’ feelings were used for the analyses. As expected, the analyses showed that experience with driver-assistance systems is an important factor influencing the speed of adaptation and the sense of comfort in using the systems.
Analysis of effect of modification of silica and carbon black co-filled rubber composite on mechanical properties
Authors: Wang Xuefei , Wu Lingling , Yu Haiwen , Xiao Tongliang , Li Huaming , Yang Jun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Silica and carbon black (CB) co-filled rubber composite was widely used for tire tread and other rubber products because of combined advantages of binary fillers, such as low hysteresis, good abrasion resistance, and reinforcement. Numerous studies have been focused on the filler–rubber interaction with the aim of obtaining optimum performances. To investigate the effect of modification on properties of rubber composite, modified silica and CB co-filled rubber composite was prepared with a multi-functional silane coupling agent, 2-aminoethyl-2-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)aminoethyl disulfide (ATD). Such modification significantly enhanced the filler–rubber interaction and improved the filler dispersion. For the modified composites, the state of cure, hardness, tensile strength before and after aging, stress at 300% elongation, tear strength, abrasion resistance, rebound resilience, compression set, temperature rise, and the value of dynamic loss coefficient ranging from −20°C to 80°C were significantly improved, especially with low ATD dosage (3.0 phr). This modification provides an effective route to prepare silica and CB co-filled rubber composites with improved mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties.
BSDEs with Logarithmic Growth Driven by Brownian Motion and Poisson Random Measure and Connection to Stochastic Control Problem
Authors: Oufdil Khalid 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we study one-dimensional backward stochastic differential equations under logarithmic growth in the 𝑧-variable

(

|
z
|

⁢

|

ln
⁡

|
z
|

|

)

(\lvert z\rvert\sqrt{\lvert\ln\lvert z\rvert\rvert})

.
We show the existence and the uniqueness of the solution when the noise is driven by a Brownian motion and an independent Poisson random measure.
In addition, we highlight the connection of such BSDEs with stochastic optimal control problem, where we show the existence of an optimal strategy for the control problem.
The crystal structure of catena-poly[diaqua-bis(μ2-2-((2-(2-phenylacetyl)hydrazineylidene)methyl)benzoato-κ2
O:O')zinc(II)], C32H30N4O8Zn
Authors: Du Lian-Cai , Tai Xi-Shi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
C32H30N4O8Zn, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\bar{1}$

(no. 2), a = 4.4080(3) Å, b = 12.1316(10) Å, c = 14.0769(12) Å, α = 102.810(7)°, β = 97.455(7)°, γ = 97.982(7), V = 716.81(10) Å3, Z = 1, R

gt
(F) = 0.0367, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0761, T = 149.99(10) K.
Review on nanocomposites based on aerospace applications
Authors: Bhat Aayush , Budholiya Sejal , Aravind Raj Sakthivel , Sultan Mohamed Thariq Hameed , Hui David , Md Shah Ain Umaira , Safri Syafiqah Nur Azrie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Advanced materials were used and are being implemented in structural, mechanical, and high-end applications. Contemporary materials are used and being implemented in structural, mechanical, and high-end applications. Composites have several major capabilities, some of them being able to resist fatigue, corrosion-resistance, and production of lightweight components with almost no compromise to the reliability, etc. Nanocomposites are a branch of materials within composites, known for their greater mechanical properties than regular composite materials. The use of nanocomposites in the aerospace industry currently faces a research gap, mainly identifying the future scope for application. Most successes in the aerospace industry are because of the use of suitable nanocomposites. This review article highlights the various nanocomposite materials and their properties, manufacturing methods, and their application, with key emphasis on exploiting their advanced and immense mechanical properties in the aerospace industry. Aerospace structures have used around 120,000 materials; herein, nanocomposites such as MgB2, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene/montmorillonite nanocomposites are discussed, and these highlight properties such as mechanical strength, durability, flame retardancy, chemical resistance, and thermal stability in the aerospace application for lightweight spacecraft structures, coatings against the harsh climate of the space environment, and development of microelectronic subsystems.
Impacts of using a social robot to teach music to children with low-functioning autism
Authors: Taheri Alireza , Shariati Azadeh , Heidari Rozita , Shahab Mojtaba , Alemi Minoo , Meghdari Ali 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article endeavors to present the impact of conducting robot-assisted music-based intervention sessions for children with low-functioning (LF) autism. To this end, a drum/xylophone playing robot is used to teach basic concepts of how to play the instruments to four participants with LF autism during nine educational sessions. The main findings of this study are compared to similar studies conducted with children with high-functioning autism. Our main findings indicated that the stereotyped behaviors of all the subjects decreased during the course of the program with an approximate large Cohen’s d effect size. Moreover, the children showed some improvement in imitation, joint attention, and social skills from the Pre-Test to Post-Test. In addition, regarding music education, we indicated that while the children could not pass a test on the music notes or reading music phrases items because of their cognitive deficits, they showed acceptable improvements (with a large Cohen’s d effect size) in the Stambak Rhythm Reproduction Test, which means that some rhythm learning occurred for the LF participants. In addition, we indicated that parenting stress levels decreased during the program. This study presents some potential possibilities of performing robot-assisted interventions for children with LF autism.
Oregano essential oil inhibits Candida spp. biofilms
Authors: Hacioglu Mayram , Oyardi Ozlem , Kirinti Alpcan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Candida spp. can form biofilms on mucosal surfaces and epithelial cells as well as on devices implanted in the body such as catheters and dentures, which are thought to underlie the most recalcitrant infections. It was aimed to show antifungal and antibiofilm activities of oregano oil (Origanum onites). The antifungal activities of some essential oils were investigated against C. spp. and among them, oregano oil was found to be the most effective oil and further biofilm studies were conducted with it. Oregano oil inhibited biofilm adhesion and formation of C. spp. and mature biofilms and also displayed the ability to reduce biofilm formation when they were allowed to form on surfaces previously coated with oil (up to 50% inhibition rates). In addition, oregano oil was found to be effective against dual biofilms of Candida albicans + Staphyloccocus aureus at different concentrations. This study suggests that O. onites essential oil has useful antibiofilm effects against C. spp. The inhibitory effects of O. onites essential oil, against C. spp., were demonstrated for the first time. It also had antifungal effect on biofilm formation and established biofilm even at MIC level.
A Hollow Cylinder Torsional Shear Device to Explore Behavior of Soils Subjected to Complex Rotation of Principal Stresses
Authors: Prasanna R. , Sivathayalan S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A hollow cylinder torsional shear device that is modified to simulate more generalized earthquake loading, involving simultaneous compression and shear wave loading in situ, is presented. The nature and degree of stress rotation due to coupled action of compression waves and shear waves are discussed, and illustrative experiments conducted to simulate different loading scenarios in the laboratory are presented. The stress rotation due to this coupled loading is significantly influenced by the initial consolidation stress state and shearing parameters such as the ratio between shear stress and normal stress increments (ΔS/ΔN) and the phase shift (ϕ) between the waves. The representative (ΔS/ΔN) ratios were obtained from the numerical simulations and used in hollow cylinder torsional shear apparatus to investigate the cyclic response of Fraser River sand under the simultaneous action of normal and shear stresses. Typical cyclic test results demonstrating the capability of a hollow cylinder torsional shear apparatus commissioned at Carleton University in following complicated cyclic loading paths are presented in this paper. It is noted that loading under such nonconventional stress paths, such as elliptical and circular paths, could be initiated along different pathways. Cyclic test results along these pathways demonstrate that soil response is dependent on the overall path including the initial stress state. Test results also highlighted the significance of stress rotation and cyclic stress paths in affecting the liquefaction susceptibility of sands.
Sometimes It’s Necessary to Break a Few Rules
Authors: Téllez Michelle , Alvarez Maribel , Herrera Brianna P. 
Published: April 2021

In October of 2020, the University of Arizona’s College of Social and Behavioral Sciences hosted a lecture series called Womanpower. The final lecture was an interview between Michelle Téllez and Yalitza Aparicio—an Indigenous woman, actress, and activist. This interview transcript (originally conducted in Spanish) discusses Aparicio’s childhood, her experiences with discrimination, her role in the groundbreaking film Roma, and her activism on behalf of domestic workers and Indigenous peoples. In this interview, Téllez highlights issues of Indigenous rights, recognizing how Aparicio’s platform can bring visibility to the O’odham land defenders fighting for their sacred lands today, but also to Indigenous peoples fighting for their territories in Mexico, as alluded to in Roma. Téllez wanted to recognize the power that is ever-present in the bodies and minds of women workers who create possibilities despite their circumstances, and who maneuver between space and place, languages and cultures as they center homes, both their own and others. She points us to Aparicio’s role as a domestic worker to remind us of the silent but ever-present power of women. Téllez connects the interview with her own research and personal experiences growing up along the U.S./Mexico border in the cities of San Diego/Tijuana – where she was witness to the racial, gendered, and classed dynamics of power and exclusion.
Rare presentation of collapse and cardiomyopathy in phaeochromocytoma
Authors: Singh Rajiv , Mohandas Cynthia 
Published: April 2021

Summary
A phaeochromocytoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumour derived from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Tumours can produce excessive amounts of catecholamines. The presenting symptoms can vary but often include the classic triad of episodic headaches, sweating and palpitations. Due to catecholamine excess, patients can develop cardiomyopathy. Bradycardia and collapse could be the result of sinus node dysfunction or transient dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system. Patients with co-existing diabetes can have improvement or resolution of their diabetes after successful adrenalectomy. We report a case of an 87-year-old lady who initially presented with sweating, palpitations and collapse, resulting in a permanent pacemaker insertion. She was later found to have a large adrenal incidentaloma with subsequent markedly elevated plasma metanephrine levels. She later presented with chest pain and in acute pulmonary oedema with normal coronary arteries visualised on coronary angiogram. After surgical excision of her phaeochromocytoma, her diabetes resolved with her HbA1c improving from 68 to 46 mmol/mol, with no further requirement for diabetic medications. Her pulmonary oedema improved with no ongoing need for diuretic therapy. This case highlights that phaeochromocytomas can affect multiple systems and there should be a very high index of suspicion in patients presenting with sweating, palpitations, hypertension and a history of diabetes and even in those with collapse.

Learning points

There should be a high index of suspicion for phaeochromocytomas in patients with palpitations, diaphoresis, anxiety, hypertension and diabetes.

Rarely phaeochromocytomas can present as bradycardia and collapse due to sinus node dysfunction or transient autonomic dysregulation and that should be considered in older patients.

Catecholamine cardiomyopathy can occur in phaeochromocytoma with potential resolution after successful surgical excision.

Diabetes can resolve after successful surgical treatment of a phaeochromocytoma.
A Utilização do Geoprocessamento como Ferramenta de Gestão no Processo de Modernização da Iluminação Pública na Cidade do Recife-PE
Authors: Júnior Lúcio Luiz Fidélis de Freitas , Silva Marília Dantas da , Moura Micaella Raíssa Falcão de 
Published: April 2021

O trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar as principais características e vantagens apresentadas mediante a otimização do gerenciamento do setor de Iluminação Pública (IP) da cidade do Recife-PE, especialmente considerando a aquisição de dados técnicos e uso das geotecnologias como ferramenta estratégica da IP. Para tal, melhorias foram implantadas no setor responsável pela gestão da iluminação pública da cidade, sendo realizadas as seguintes etapas: i) Identificação das necessidades físicas e operacionais, para devida reestruturação; ii) Gestão estratégica, considerando a elaboração dos projetos, especificação e qualidade de materiais e fiscalização das obras; iii) Definição de indicadores para monitoramento dos serviços e controles contratuais; e iv) Análise dos indicadores dos ativos de iluminação pública. A metodologia utilizou ainda o projeto Ilumina Recife, promovido pela prefeitura da cidade do Recife, o qual realizou a instalação de 5.045 novos pontos luminosos de iluminação pública em LED nos grandes corredores, periferias, praças e parques da cidade. Como principais resultados, têm-se que o geoprocessamento das informações obtidas a partir da aquisição de dados técnicos atualizados do sistema de iluminação pública permite ao gestor público que as manutenções corretivas a serem realizadas pelas equipes técnicas sejam mais eficientes, melhorando a qualidade e garantindo a continuidade do serviço prestado à população.