bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact&nbsp;of social capital, gender and education on the utilization&nbsp;of public health services: A Cross sectional study&nbsp;based on&nbsp;the China Migrant Dynamic Survey
Authors: Yang Zhen , Jiang Chenghua 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: China is making every effort to promote equal access to public health services(PHS) for the internal migrants. Studies have demonstrated that the impact of social capital on PHS is different among subgroups of people. Clarifying these differences will help China accurately promote the equalization of PHS for the internal migrants and provide reference for other developing countries.Methods: Data from the China Migrant Dynamic Survey of 2017, involving 130642 migrants in 31 provinces were used to clarify the complex relationship between social capital and the utilization of National Essential Public Health Services (NEPHS). Social capital was divided into regional cognitive social capital (RCSC), regional structural social capital (RSSC), individual cognitive social capital (ICSC), and individual structural social capital (ISSC). Then, multi-level logistic regression was conducted to analyze their impacts on the utilization of NEPHS of the migrants, and whether such effects are moderated by gender and education. Results: The results suggest: (1) There are significant differences in the levels of CSC, SSC, and NEPHS utilization between different genders and educational subgroups of the migrants, among which the educational difference is more prominent. (2) An interaction exists between the levels and dimensions of social capital and NEPHS projects. Also, the impact of SSC on NEPHS is always greater than that of CSC at the same level. (3) The effects of RCSC, RSSC, ICSC, and ISSC on NEPHS utilization by migrants are not moderated by gender. However, education could weaken the relationship between RCSC and health education, ISSC and health education, and RSSC and health records but strengthen the correlation between RSSC and health education. Conclution: This study demonstrated complex interactions between the dimensions and levels of social capital, NEPHS projects, and the population characteristics of migrants. As the government strives towards the equalization of NEPHS, these interactions should be fully considered.
Klinefelter Syndrome with Azoospermia：Identiﬁcation of a Neocentromic Y Chromosome with No Detectable DYZ3 Centromeric Sequence
Authors: Wu Qiong , Zhou Yu-Lin , Kong Hui , GE Yun-Sheng , Shen Yan-Yan , Guo Qi-Wei , Huang Xin-Li 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Individuals with rare cytogenetic variants have contributed to our understanding of the genetics of sex chromosome and its disorders. Here, we report on a 23 years old man with a de novo 47,XX,+mar.ish der(Y)neo(Y)(pter-->p11.2::q11.23-->neo-->q11.23-->qter)(DYZ3-,SRY+,WCPY+) chromosome complement, accompanying with azoospermia and some of other clinical features suggestive of Klinefelter's Syndrome. The constitution of the patient was verified by GTG-banding, QFQ-banding, Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization and Polymerase Chain Reaction. Accordingly, we report the finding of a structurally abnormal chromosome Y with no detectable DYZ3 centromeric sequence and with no detection of AZF a, AZF b and AZF c, with clinical features suggestive of Klinefelter's Syndrome. This is the first reported case of Klinefelter's Syndrome involving a neocentromic Y among previously described cases with a neocentromere. Case presentation we report on a 23 years old man with a de novo 47,XX,+mar.ish der(Y)neo(Y)(pter-->p11.2::q11.23-->neo-->q11.23-->qter)(DYZ3-,SRY+,WCPY+) chromosome complement, accompanying with azoospermia and some of other clinical features suggestive of Klinefelter's Syndrome. The constitution of the patient was verified by GTG-banding, QFQ-banding, Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization FISH and Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR. Conclusions It can be inferred that a neocentromic Y is formed by identification of FISH, PCR and the fact that this markerof Y chromosome is present in 100% of peripheral blood cells and has been efficiently retained through cell divisions despite the absence of the endogenous cen­tromere region. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Klinefelter's Syndrome involving a neocentromic Y among previously described cases with a neocentromere, which adds to the catalog of chromosomal aberrations. The present study not only improves the understanding of karyotype/phenotype relationships between neocentric marker Y chromosomes and KFS male infertility, but also supports the hypothesis that the combined application of molecular cytogenetic analysis might help to identify breakpoints, origins, and the constitution of the marker chromosomes.
A New Strategy to Uncover Fragile X Proteomic Biomarkers Using the Nascent Proteome of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells&nbsp;(PBMCs)
Authors: Dionne Olivier , Corbin François 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most prevalent inherited cause of intellectual disabilities and autism spectrum disorders. FXS result from the loss of expression of the FMRP protein, an RNA binding protein that regulate the expression of key synaptic effectors. FXS is also characterized by a wide array of behavioral, cognitive and metabolic impairments. The severity and penetrance of those comorbidities are extremely variable, meaning that a considerable phenotypic heterogeneity is found among fragile X individuals. Unfortunately, clinicians currently have no tools at their disposal to assay patient’s prognosis upon diagnosis. Since the absence of FMRP was repeatedly associated with an aberrant translational metabolism, we decided to study the nascent proteome in order to screen for potential proteomic biomarkers of FXS.Method: We used a BONCAT (Bioothogonal Non-canonical Amino Acids Tagging) method coupled to label-free mass spectrometry to purify and quantify nascent proteins of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 7 fragile X male patients that do not express FMRP and 7 age-matched controls. Candidate biomarkers were confirmed by Western blot. Results: The proteomic analysis identified several proteins which were either up or downregulated in absence of FMRP in FXS individuals as compared to controls. Eleven of those proteins were considered as potential biomarkers, from which 5 were further validated by Western blot. The gene ontology enrichment analysis highlighted molecular pathway that may contribute to FXS physiopathology. Conclusions: Our results showed that the nascent proteome is well suited for the discovery of FXS biomarkers. In fact, taking advantage of a key alteration in FXS physiopathology led us to successfully identified 11 potential biomarkers.
Acetylshikonin Suppresses Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Cell Growth By Targeting The TOPK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Cui Jieke , Guo Rong , Wang Yingjun , Song Yue , Song Xuewen , Zeng Chong , Li Hongwen , Li Jiwei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is one of the most common causes of cancer death worldwide, and responds badly to the existing treatment. Thus, identifying the novel therapeutic targets of DLBCL are urgent. Methods and results: In this study, we found that the T-lymphokine-activated killer cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK) was highly expressed in DLBCL cells and tissues. The TOPK expression were analyzed by bioinformatics analysis, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot analysis. TOPK knockdown inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis of DLBCL cells with MTS and flow cytometry. Further experiments demonstrated that acetylshikonin, the targeted compound of TOPK, could attenuate the cell growth and aggravate the cell apoptosis through TOPK/extra cellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 signaling using MTS, flow cytometry and western blot analysis. In addition, we demonstrated that TOPK overexpression signiﬁcantly reduced the acetylshikonin effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis in U2932 and OCI-LY8 cells using MTS, flow cytometry and western blot analysis. Conclusions: Taken together, the present study suggests that the targeted inhibition of TOPK by acetylshikonin may be a promising approach to the treatment of DLBCL.
Forecasting of Future Medical Care Expenditure in Japan Using a System Dynamics Model
Authors: Inoue Sachie , Xu Hua , Maswana Jean-Claude , Kobayashi Makoto 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background:Japanese society is facing marked changes due to the aging population and concomitant rapid increase in the national medical care expenditure. To maintain a sustainable national health insurance system, it is important to pursue the efficient allocation of medical care resources. The aim of this study was to construct a system dynamics (SD) model to estimate the future medical care expenditure and to address the dynamic issues of health care that should be resolved. In particular, the measures for promoting the spread of generic drug (GE drug) usage in Japan and reducing cancer-related medical expenses were investigated regarding their future impact on medical finances.Methods:The SD model was constructed to estimate the medical care expenditure from FY 2018 to FY 2050. The change in the future GE drug quantity share was analyzed by using a regression equation, and the target value of the GE quantity share was set exceeding 90% by referring to trends in other countries. The impact of the increase in medical expense for cancer and the change in the future national medical care expenditure were also estimated assuming the current tendency of increase in the medical expense for cancer continues.Results:It was estimated that the annual total medical care expenditure in FY 2050 would arrive at 58.9–64.2 trillion JPY (1.3-1.5-times higher than that in FY 2018) with different trends in age groups. The cumulative total medical care expenditure was expected to decrease by about 787.0-989.4 billion JPY if the impact of the spread of GE drug usage was considered. On the other hand, due to the continuous increase in the cancer-related medical expense, the cumulative total medical care expenditure was estimated to increase about 7,554.3–11,715.0 billion JPY.Conclusions:If the cancer-related medical expense continues to increase in the future, an increase of 686.4-1,104.2 billion JPY in FY2050 is expected which suggests that this disease field should be prioritized regarding the measures to maintain medical finances. This study may serve as a reference for designing a policy in countries that will enter a super-aging society in the future such as that in Japan.Trial registration: Not applicable
Investigation of Leish-111f Epitopes to Design a New Multi-epitope Vaccine Against Leishmania Major Using Immunoinformatics Approaches
Authors: Rabienia Mahsa , Daneshi Rasoul , Mortazavidehkordi Nahid , Ghanbariasad Ali , Abdollahi Abbas , Roudbari Zahra , Farjadfar Akbar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSince the incidence of various types of leishmaniasis, no definitive treatment has been considered for the disease, and due to its high prevalence worldwide, this issue has caused many concerns. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form of the disease which, can cause malignant lesions on the skin. Vaccination for the prevention and treatment of leishmaniasis can be the most effective way to combat this disease. In this study, we designed a new multi-epitope vaccine using immunoinformatics tools, which confirmed its effectiveness in the in silico.MethodsSequences Leish-111f protein (TSA, Leif, and LMSTI1) of Leishmania major (L. major) were downloaded from GenBank and with the help of immunoinformatic tools, was designed a new multi-epitope vaccine antigen of L. major.ResultTh and Tc epitopes of the leish-111f protein were predicted using bioinformatics tools. The final multi epitope was consisted of 18 CTL epitopes that joined by AAY linker. There are also 9 HTL epitopes in the structure of the final vaccine that were joined by GPGPG linker. The profilin adjuvant was also added into the construct by AAY Linker. There were 613 residues in the structure of the final construct. The multi epitope was stable and non-allergic. the data obtained from the binding of final multi-epitope vaccine-TLR11 residues (band lengths and weighted scores) showed that the ligand and the receptor have a high affinity to bind to each other. Moreover, in silico cloning approach, was improved the expression of proposed vaccine in E. coli host. Codon adaptation index and GC percent were calculated 1.0 and 53.35, respectivelyConclusionBased on these results, we hope that the multi-epitope vaccine, which contains the most appropriate epitopes of a strong Leishmania major immunogen, along with an adjuvant capable of binding to TLR11, will further stimulate the immune system against the L.major.
The yearly financing need of providing paid maternity leave in the informal sector in Indonesia
Authors: Siregar Adiatma , Pitriyan Pipit , Hardiawan Donny , Zambrano Paul , Vilar-Compte Mireya , Belismelis Graciela Ma Teruel , Moncada Meztli , Tamayo David , Carroll Grace , Perez-Escamilla Rafael , Mathisen Roger 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe economic cost of not breastfeeding in Indonesia is estimated at US$1.5–9.4 billion annually, the highest in South East Asia. Half of the 33.6 million working women of reproductive age (WRA) in Indonesia (15-49 years) are informal employees, meaning they are working as casual workers or they are self-employed (small scale business) and assisted by unpaid/family worker(s). No specific maternity protection entitlements are currently available for WRA working informally in Indonesia. This study aims to estimate the financing need of providing maternity leave cash transfer (MCT) for WRA working in the informal sector in Indonesia.MethodThe costing methodology used is the adapted version of the World Bank methodology by Vilar-Compte et al, following pre-set steps to estimate costs using national secondary data. We used the 2018 Indonesian National Socio-Economic Survey to estimate the number of women working informally who gave birth within the last year. The population covered, potential cash transfer’s unitary cost, the incremental coverage of the policy in terms of time and coverage, and the administrative costs were used to estimate the cost of MCT for the informal sector. ResultAt 100% coverage for 13 weeks of leave, the yearly financing need of MCT ranged from US$175million (US$152/woman) to US$669million (US$583/woman). The share of the yearly financing need did not exceed 0.5% of Indonesian Gross Domestic Product (GDP).ConclusionThe yearly financing need of providing MCT for eligible WRA working in the informal sector is economically attractive as it amounts to less than 0.5% of GDP nominal of Indonesia. While such a program would be perceived as a marked increase from current public health spending at the onset, such an investment could substantially contribute to the success of breastfeeding and substantial corresponding public health savings given that more than half of working Indonesian WRA are employed in the informal sector. Such policies should be further explored while taking into consideration realistic budget constraints and implementation capacity.
Predicting the Incidence of COVID-19 Using Data Mining
Authors: Ahouz Fatemeh , golabpour amin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The high prevalence of COVID-19 has made it a new pandemic. Predicting both its prevalence and incidence throughout the world is crucial to help health professionals make key decisions. In this study, we aim to predict the incidence of COVID-19 within a two-week period to better manage the disease. Methods: The COVID-19 datasets provided by Johns Hopkins University, contain information on COVID-19 cases in different geographic regions since January 22 and are updated daily. Data from 252 such regions were analyzed as of March 29, 2020, with 17,136 records and 4 variables, namely latitude, longitude, date, and records . In order to design the incidence pattern for each geographic region, the information was utilized on the region and its neighboring areas gathered two weeks prior to the designing. Then, a model was developed to predict the incidence rate for the coming two weeks via a Least-Square Boosting Classification algorithm. Results: The model was presented for three groups based on the incidence rate: less than 200, between 200 to 1000, and above 1000. The model evaluation error rates were 4.71%, 8.54%, and 6.13%, respectively. Also, comparing the forecast results with the actual values in the period in question showed that the proposed model predicted the number of globally confirmed cases of COVID-19 with a very high accuracy of 98.45%. Conclusion: Using data from different geographical regions within a country and discovering the pattern of prevalence in a region and its neighboring areas, our boosting-based model was able to accurately predict the incidence of COVID-19 within a two-week period.
Risk factors for developing high-output ileostomy: a retrospective study
Authors: Jian'an Xiao , Bai Dongxiao , Li Lei , Shen Zhiling , Huang Tianchen , Wang Qingbing , Wang Yanjun , Zhang Yong , Guo Zhipeng , Li Kan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Prophylactic ileostomy and colostomy have been widely used to reduce the risk and complications of anastomotic leakage with high-risk colorectal cancer after operation. However, prophylactic ileostomy itself has some complications, and ileostomy high out-put syndrome is one of them. This study was performed to explore the risk factors of HOS in ileostomy.Methods A total of 114 patients with HOS were screened out from 494 eligible ileostomy patients in the last five years. The clinical and pathological data were analyzed. The relationship between HOS and clinicopathological data was analyzed. Multivariate analysis was performed by logistic regression.Results There was no clear correlation between the occurrence of HOS with sex, age, gross typing, histological grade, location of tumors, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (p>0.05). Preoperative complications including inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes mellitus and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were risk factors for HOS (p<0.05). Total colectomy and abdominal infection were risk factors for HOS (p<0.05) during operation.Conclusion Inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes mellitus and neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer are the preoperative risk factors for HOS. Total colectomy and postoperative abdominal infection are the postoperative risk factors for HOS.
Accurate Determination of Genotypic Variance of Cell Wall Characteristics of a Populus trichocarpa Pedigree Using High-Throughput Pyrolysis-Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Harman-Ware Anne Elizabeth , Macaya-Sanz David , Abeyratne Chanaka Roshan , Doeppke Crissa , Haiby Kathleen , Tuskan Gerald A. , Stanton Brian , DiFazio Stephen P. , Davis Mark F. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry (py-MBMS) analysis of a pedigree of Populus trichocarpa was performed to study the phenotypic plasticity and heritability of lignin content and lignin monomer composition. Instrumental and microspatial environmental variability were observed in the spectral features and corrected to reveal underlying genetic variance of biomass composition.Results Lignin-derived ions (including m/z 124, 154, 168, 194, 210 and others) were highly impacted by microspatial environmental variation which demonstrates phenotypic plasticity of lignin composition in Populus trichocarpa biomass. Broad-sense heritability of lignin composition after correcting for microspatial and instrumental variation was determined to be H2 = 0.56 based on py-MBMS based on ions known to derive from lignin. Heritability of lignin monomeric syringyl/guaiacyl ratio (S/G) was H2 = 0.81. Broad-sense heritability was also high (up to H2 = 0.79) for ions derived from other components of the biomass including phenolics (e.g., salicylates) and C5 sugars (e.g., xylose). Lignin and phenolic ion abundances were primarily driven by maternal effects, and paternal effects were either similar or stronger for the most heritable carbohydrate-derived ions.Conclusions We have shown that many biopolymer-derived ions from py-MBMS show substantial phenotypic plasticity in response to microenvironmental variation in plantations. Nevertheless, broad-sense heritability for biomass composition can be quite high after correcting for spatial environmental variation. This work outlines the importance in accounting for instrumental and microspatial environmental variation in biomass composition data for applications in heritability measurements and genomic selection for breeding poplar for renewable fuels and materials.
Career aspirations among specialty residents in France: a cross-sectional gender-based comparison
Authors: Cathelain Alice , Jourdain Mercedes , Cordonnier Charlotte , Jonard Sophie Catteau , Sebbane Deborah , Copin Marie-Christine , Berlingo Laura , Rubod Chrystele , Garabedian Charles 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Most studies evaluating career aspirations among gender are performed in Anglo-Saxon countries. Two recent French studies looked at the career choice of residents in obstetrics & gynecology. It seemed useful to us to broaden this questioning to other specialties, by proposing a study to all residents in the same Faculty. The objective of our study was to describe residents’ career aspirations and possible barriers according to gender.Methods: Declarative cross-sectional survey, using questionnaires sent by email to the specialty residents of the Faculty of Medicine of Lille (France). An analysis by specialty group (i.e., medicine, surgery, obstetrics & gynecology, and anesthesia & resuscitation) and a comparison of the results according to gender were performed.Results: Of the 1,384 specialty residents currently in training, 462 answered the questionnaire (33.38%), among whom 289 women and 173 men (average age = 27.08 ± 0.091 years). Seventeen women (5.9%) were currently considering a university hospital career versus 37 men (21.4%) (p = 0.001).Gender analysis made it possible to identify obstacles to engaging in a university career: lacking a female model, more frequent doubting the ability to undertake this type of career among women (61.6%) than men (35.3%) (p < 0.001), and gender discrimination felt in the workplace for 51.6% of women (versus 7.5% of men, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed specificities related to each specialty.Conclusions: Few residents plan to embark upon a university hospital career, let alone female residents. There are considerations specific to each specialty and marked gender differences regarding career aspirations. Many features have been identified as obstacles to access to university hospital positions for women. It is important to develop strategies to remove these barriers and enable women to pursue such university careers.Trial registration: Not applicable (no intervention)