bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Pilot Randomized Trial of a Coping Skills Intervention for Low-SES Latinx Families of Children With Asthma
Authors: Rodríguez Erin M. , Horner Sharon D. , Bearman Sarah Kate , Gulbas Lauren , George-Jones Julia , Alvarado Cinthia , Esperanza Catherine 
Published: October 2021

Objective: Psychosocial stress contributes to asthma disparities for low-socioeconomic status (SES) Latinx children, but primary and secondary control coping by children and parents is associated with better psychosocial and asthma outcomes. Therefore, we developed and pilot tested Adapt 2 Asthma (A2A), a family based coping and asthma self-management intervention for low-SES Latinx families. Method: Children, parents, and primary care providers ( N = 16) participated in five focus groups to refine A2A’s content and delivery. Subsequently, families of children ages 9–12 with asthma ( N = 24) were recruited from primary care clinics and randomly assigned to receive A2A or enhanced usual care (EUC). Results: Based on focus groups, A2A was refined to address feasibility, Latinx-specific cultural factors, and provider-family gaps. Results of the pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) showed that 92% of families completed all sessions of A2A, and there were high levels of satisfaction with and fidelity to A2A. There were no statistically significant differences between the A2A and EUC groups at three-month follow-up, although there were small, nonsignificant effects favoring A2A on parent-reported asthma control, parent secondary control coping, and emergency department visits. Conclusions: We found evidence of acceptability, feasibility, and potential benefits of A2A for low-SES Latinx families. Findings provide guidance for future implementation in primary care. Implications for Impact Statement This study developed and tested Adapt 2 Asthma (A2A), a combined coping skills and asthma self-management intervention program for low-socioeconomic status (SES) Latinx children with asthma and their parents. We found that A2A was feasible and acceptable, and may improve asthma control and parent coping. Intervention approaches that incorporate coping skills and culturally responsive content may support asthma control for low-SES Latinx children.
Ethics in Pediatric Psychology: Considerations for Trainees Transitioning to the Medical Setting
Authors: Fehr Karla K. , Chambers Danielle E. , VanderWoude Chelsea K. 
Published: October 2021

Objective: The Society of Pediatric Psychology Task Force on Competencies and Best Training Practices in Pediatric Psychology identified ethics as one of the key domains within the recommended professional competencies for training in pediatric psychology. Despite this, there has been minimal research examining specific ethical competencies required at various training levels and the necessary steps to achieve these goals. While psychology trainees have didactic and applied training in general ethical principles in clinical psychology, the introduction to clinical work in pediatric psychology presents distinct ethical challenges that are likely not covered within general ethical training as a graduate student (e.g., confidentiality within multidisciplinary interactions, different ethical standards across professions). Furthermore, there is minimal guidance available to supervisors and supervisees on strategies to prepare trainees for ethical dilemmas when entering pediatric psychology settings. Both supervisors and supervisees would benefit greatly from discussion of unique challenges and potential training solutions for trainees beginning clinical work in a pediatric medical setting. Method: The current article presents an overview of the unique ethical issues that trainees may encounter and training needs when entering the pediatric setting. Recommendations for trainees and supervisors are then provided. Results/Conclusions: Trainee recommendations include enrolling in a pediatric psychology course, reviewing available ethics resources, continually considering and revisiting ethical issues, and seeking supervision to ensure ethical practice and skill development. Supervisor recommendations include setting the expectation to discuss ethical issues, providing ongoing opportunities for ethics discussions, assessing supervisee competence, and fostering a positive training relationship to encourage disclosure and discussion of ethics-related issues. Implications for Impact Statement This article advances the field of pediatric psychology by highlighting the importance of targeted assessment and training in the area of ethics when psychology trainees first enter the medical setting. Furthermore, common ethical challenges encountered and real-life strategies that trainees and supervisors can implement to support trainee development of ethical skills are provided.
Plasmon-induced trap filling at grain boundaries in perovskite solar cells
Authors: Yao Kai , Li Siqi , Liu Zhiliang , Ying Yiran , Dvořák Petr , Fei Linfeng , Šikola Tomáš , Huang Haitao , Nordlander Peter , Jen Alex K.-Y. , Lei Dangyuan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe deep-level traps induced by charged defects at the grain boundaries (GBs) of polycrystalline organic–inorganic halide perovskite (OIHP) films serve as major recombination centres, which limit the device performance. Herein, we incorporate specially designed poly(3-aminothiophenol)-coated gold (Au@PAT) nanoparticles into the perovskite absorber, in order to examine the influence of plasmonic resonance on carrier dynamics in perovskite solar cells. Local changes in the photophysical properties of the OIHP films reveal that plasmon excitation could fill trap sites at the GB region through photo-brightening, whereas transient absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations correlate this photo-brightening of trap states with plasmon-induced interfacial processes. As a result, the device achieved the best efficiency of 22.0% with robust operational stability. Our work provides unambiguous evidence for plasmon-induced trap occupation in OIHP and reveals that plasmonic nanostructures may be one type of efficient additives to overcome the recombination losses in perovskite solar cells and thin-film solar cells in general.
Sperm epigenetic alterations contribute to inter- and transgenerational effects of paternal exposure to long-term psychological stress via evading offspring embryonic reprogramming
Authors: Zheng Xiaoguo , Li Zhenhua , Wang Guishuan , Wang Hanshu , Zhou Yuchuan , Zhao Xinzhi , Cheng C. Yan , Qiao Yunbo , Sun Fei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPaternal life experiences impact offspring health via germline, and epigenetic inheritance provides a potential mechanism. However, global reprogramming during offspring embryogenesis and gametogenesis represents the largest hurdle to conceptualize it. Yet, detailed characterization of how sperm epigenetic alterations carrying “environmental memory” can evade offspring embryonic reprogramming remains elusive. Here, mice exposed to long-term restraint stress were employed to study the mechanisms underlying inter- and transgenerational effects of paternal exposure to a long-term psychological stress. We found that stress could induce paternal inheritance of reproductive, behavioral, and metabolic disorders. Bisulfite methylation profiling of 18 sperm and 12 embryo samples of three consecutive generations identified inter- and transgenerational inheritance of paternal Differential DNA Methylation Regions (DMRs) at frequencies ~11.36% and 0.48%, respectively. These DMRs related to genes with functional implications for psychological stress response, and tissue inheritance of these DMRs passed paternal disorders epigenetically to offspring. More importantly, these DMRs evaded offspring embryonic reprogramming through erasure and subsequent reestablishment, but not via un-erasure way. Nonetheless, their reestablishment proportions in the primitive streak (E7.5) stage were altered. Furthermore, sncRNA-seq revealed that stress-induced tsRNA, miRNA and rsRNA dysregulation in paternal sperm might play important roles in DMRs occurrence and paternal inheritance. These finding implied that sperm epigenetic alterations contribute to inter- and transgenerational effects of paternal exposure to long-term psychological stress, and highlighted the possible underlying molecular mechanism.
Seismic constraints from a Mars impact experiment using InSight and Perseverance
Authors: Fernando Benjamin , Wójcicka Natalia , Maguire Ross , Stähler Simon C. , Stott Alexander E. , Ceylan Savas , Charalambous Constantinos , Clinton John , Collins Gareth S. , Dahmen Nikolaj , Froment Marouchka , Golombek Matthew , Horleston Anna , Karatekin Ozgur , Kawamura Taichi , Larmat Carene , Nissen-Meyer Tarje , Patel Manish R. , Plasman Matthieu , Posiolova Lilya , Rolland Lucie , Spiga Aymeric , Teanby Nicholas A. , Zenhäusern Géraldine , Giardini Domenico , Lognonné Philippe , Banerdt Bruce , Daubar Ingrid J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNASA’s InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) mission has operated a sophisticated suite of seismology and geophysics instruments on the surface of Mars since its arrival in 2018. On 18 February 2021, we attempted to detect the seismic and acoustic waves produced by the entry, descent and landing of the Perseverance rover using the sensors onboard the InSight lander. Similar observations have been made on Earth using data from both crewed1,2and uncrewed3,4spacecraft, and on the Moon during the Apollo era5, but never before on Mars or another planet. This was the only seismic event to occur on Mars since InSight began operations that had an a priori known and independently constrained timing and location. It therefore had the potential to be used as a calibration for other marsquakes recorded by InSight. Here we report that no signal from Perseverance’s entry, descent and landing is identifiable in the InSight data. Nonetheless, measurements made during the landing window enable us to place constraints on the distance–amplitude relationships used to predict the amplitude of seismic waves produced by planetary impacts and place in situ constraints on Martian impact seismic efficiency (the fraction of the impactor kinetic energy converted into seismic energy).
A high-fidelity residential building occupancy detection dataset
Authors: Jacoby Margarite , Tan Sin Yong , Henze Gregor , Sarkar Soumik 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper describes development of a data acquisition system used to capture a range of occupancy related modalities from single-family residences, along with the dataset that was generated. The publicly available dataset includes: grayscale images at 32-by-32 pixels, captured every second; audio files, which have undergone processing to remove personally identifiable information; indoor environmental readings, captured every ten seconds; and ground truth binary occupancy status. The data acquisition system, coined the mobile human presence detection (HPDmobile) system, was deployed in six homes for a minimum duration of one month each, and captured all modalities from at least four different locations concurrently inside each home. The environmental modalities are available as captured, but to preserve the privacy and identity of the occupants, images were downsized and audio files went through a series of processing steps, as described in this paper. This dataset adds to a very small body of existing data, with applications to energy efficiency and indoor environmental quality.
Mapping of population disparities in the cholangiocarcinoma urinary metabolome
Authors: Alsaleh Munirah , Leftley Zoe , O’Connor Thomas , Hughes Thomas , Barbera Thomas A. , Koomson Larry K. , Zabron Abigail , Reeves Helen , Cramp Matthew , Ryder Stephen D. , Greer Shaun , Prince Martin , Sithithaworn Paiboon , Khuntikeo Narong , Loilome Watcharin , Yongvanit Puangrat , Cox I. Jane , Williams Roger , Wadsworth Christopher A. , Holmes Elaine , Nash Kathryn , Andrews Ross , Taylor-Robinson Simon D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPhenotypic diversity in urinary metabolomes of different geographical populations has been recognized recently. In this study, urinary metabolic signatures from Western (United Kingdom) and South-East Asian (Thai) cholangiocarcinoma patients were characterized to understand spectral variability due to host carcinogenic processes and/or exogenous differences (nutritional, environmental and pharmaceutical). Urinary liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC–MS) spectral profiles from Thai (healthy = 20 and cholangiocarcinoma = 14) and UK cohorts (healthy = 22 and cholangiocarcinoma = 10) were obtained and modelled using chemometric data analysis. Healthy metabolome disparities between the two distinct populations were primarily related to differences in dietary practices and body composition. Metabolites excreted due to drug treatment were dominant in urine specimens from cholangiocarcinoma patients, particularly in Western individuals. Urine from participants with sporadic (UK) cholangiocarcinoma contained greater levels of a nucleotide metabolite (uridine/pseudouridine). Higher relative concentrations of 7-methylguanine were observed in urine specimens from Thai cholangiocarcinoma patients. The urinary excretion of hippurate and methyladenine (gut microbial-host co-metabolites) showed a similar pattern of lower levels in patients with malignant biliary tumours from both countries. Intrinsic (body weight and body composition) and extrinsic (xenobiotic metabolism) factors were the main causes of disparities between the two populations. Regardless of the underlying aetiology, biological perturbations associated with cholangiocarcinoma urine metabolome signatures appeared to be influenced by gut microbial community metabolism. Dysregulation in nucleotide metabolism was associated with sporadic cholangiocarcinoma, possibly indicating differences in mitochondrial energy production pathways between cholangiocarcinoma tumour subtypes. Mapping population-specific metabolic disparities may aid in interpretation of disease processes and identification of candidate biomarkers.
A case–control study in Taiwanese cohort and meta-analysis of serum ferritin in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Park Ji Min , Mau Chen-Zou , Chen Yang-Ching , Su Yen-Hao , Chen Hsin-An , Huang Shih-Yi , Chang Jung-Su , Chiu Ching-Feng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal diseases which lack an early diagnostic marker. We investigated whether serum ferritin (SF) reflects risk for pancreatic cancer and potential genes that may contribute ferritin and pancreatic cancer risks. We performed a meta-analysis of relevant studies on SF and pancreatic cancer risk by searching articles in PUBMED and EMBASE published up to 1 March 2020. We also collected serum samples from Taipei Medical University Joint Biobank and compared SF levels in 34 healthy controls and 34 pancreatic cancer patients. An Oncomine database was applied as a platform to explore a series of genes that exhibited strong associations between ferritin and pancreatic cancer. Herein, we show that high levels of SF can indicate risk of pancreatic cancer, suggesting SF as the new tumor marker that may be used to help pancreatic cancer diagnosis. We also found that expressions of iron homeostasis genes (MYC, FXN) and ferroptosis genes (ALOX15, CBS, FDFT1, LPCAT3, RPL8, TP53, TTC35) are significantly altered with pancreatic tumor grades, which may contribute to differential expression of ferritin related to pancreatic cancer prognosis.
Probiotic-mediated p38 MAPK immune signaling prolongs the survival of Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Dinić Miroslav , Jakovljević Stefan , Đokić Jelena , Popović Nikola , Radojević Dušan , Strahinić Ivana , Golić Nataša 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe host-microbiota cross-talk represents an important factor contributing to innate immune response and host resistance during infection. It has been shown that probiotic lactobacilli exhibit the ability to modulate innate immunity and enhance pathogen elimination. Here we showed that heat-inactivated probiotic strain Lactobacillus curvatus BGMK2-41 stimulates immune response and resistance of the Caenorhabditis elegans against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. By employing qRT-PCR and western blot analysis we showed that heat-inactivated BGMK2-41 activated PMK-1/p38 MAPK immunity pathway which prolongs the survival of C. elegans exposed to pathogenic bacteria in nematode killing assays. The C. elegans pmk-1 mutant was used to demonstrate a mechanistic basis for the antimicrobial potential of BGMK2-41, showing that BGMK2-41 upregulated PMK-1/p38 MAPK dependent transcription of C-type lectins, lysozymes and tight junction protein CLC-1. Overall, this study suggests that PMK-1/p38 MAPK‐dependent immune regulation by BGMK2-41 is essential for probiotic-mediated C. elegans protection against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and could be further explored for development of probiotics with the potential to increase resistance of the host towards pathogens.
EEG microstate analysis of emotion regulation reveals no sequential processing of valence and emotional arousal
Authors: Zerna Josephine , Strobel Alexander , Scheffel Christoph 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn electroencephalography (EEG), microstates are distributions of activity across the scalp that persist for several tens of milliseconds before changing into a different pattern. Microstate analysis is a way of utilizing EEG as both temporal and spatial imaging tool, but has rarely been applied to task-based data. This study aimed to conceptually replicate microstate findings of valence and emotional arousal processing and investigate the effects of emotion regulation on microstates, using data of an EEG paradigm with 107 healthy adults who actively viewed emotional pictures, cognitively detached from them, or suppressed facial reactions. Within the first 600 ms after stimulus onset only the comparison of viewing positive and negative pictures yielded significant results, caused by different electrodes depending on the microstate. Since the microstates associated with more and less emotionally arousing pictures did not differ, sequential processing could not be replicated. When extending the analysis to 2000 ms after stimulus onset, differences were exclusive to the comparison of viewing and detaching from negative pictures. Intriguingly, we observed the novel phenomenon of a microstate difference that could not be attributed to single electrodes. This suggests that microstate analysis can detect differences beyond those detected by event-related potential analysis.
3D printed and spiral lithographically patterned erbium-doped polymer micro-waveguide amplifiers
Authors: Gao Hongwei , Li Huimin , Chen G. F. R. , Xing P. , Tan M. C. , Tan D. T. H. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInfrared (IR)-emitting RE doped materials have been extensively used to fabricate active components of integrated optical devices in various fields, such as fiber amplifiers, telecommunications, optoelectronics, and waveguides. Among various RE elements, trivalent erbium ions (Er 3+) are of great interest since their emissive behavior span the low loss telecommunication window of 1300–1650 nm. In this paper, we report two types of polymeric waveguide amplifiers. 8 cm long, lithographically patterned spiral waveguides provide 8 dB of gain using a 980 nm pump power of 95 mW. Gain is observed from 1530 to 1590 nm. We further report the first demonstration of polymeric waveguide amplifiers fabricated using 3D printing methods based on two-photon lithography, paving the way for rapid prototyping of active 3D printed devices and active photonic devices which may transcend planar limitations.
Evaluation of hypoglycemic effect, safety and immunomodulation of Prevotella copri in mice
Authors: Verbrugghe Phebe , Brynjólfsson Jón , Jing Xingjun , Björck Inger , Hållenius Frida , Nilsson Anne 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe gut bacterium Prevotella copri (P. copri) has been shown to lower blood glucose levels in mice as well as in healthy humans, and is a promising candidate for a next generation probiotic aiming at prevention or treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this study the hypoglycemic effect of live P. copri was confirmed in mice and pasteurization of P. copri was shown to further enhance its capacity to improve glucose tolerance. The safety of live and pasteurized P. copri was evaluated by a 29-day oral toxicity study in mice. P. copri did not induce any adverse effects on body growth. General examination of the mice, gross pathological and histological analysis showed no abnormalities of the vital organs. Though relative liver weights were lower in the pasteurized (4.574 g ± 0.096) and live (4.347 g ± 0.197) P. copri fed groups than in the control mice (5.005 g ± 0.103) (p = 0.0441 and p = 0.0147 respectively), no liver biochemical marker aberrations were detected. Creatinine serum levels were significantly lower in mice fed with live (p = 0.001) but not pasteurized (p = 0.163) P. copri compared to those of control mice. Haematological parameter analysis and low plasma Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein (LBP) levels ruled out systemic infection and inflammation. Immunomodulation capacity by P. copri as determined by blood plasma cytokine analysis was limited and gut colonisation occurred in only one of the 10 mice tested. Taken together, no major adverse effects were detected in P. copri treated groups compared to controls.
Computed tomography reveals hip dysplasia in the extinct Pleistocene saber-tooth cat Smilodon
Authors: Balisi Mairin A. , Sharma Abhinav K. , Howard Carrie M. , Shaw Christopher A. , Klapper Robert , Lindsey Emily L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractReconstructing the behavior of extinct species is challenging, particularly for those with no living analogues. However, damage preserved as paleopathologies on bone can record how an animal moved in life, potentially reflecting behavioral patterns. Here, we assess hypothesized etiologies of pathology in a pelvis and associated right femur of a Smilodon fatalis saber-toothed cat, one of the best-studied species from the Pleistocene-age Rancho La Brea asphalt seeps, California, USA, using visualization by computed tomography (CT). The pelvis exhibits massive destruction of the right hip socket that was interpreted, for nearly a century, to have developed from trauma and infection. CT imaging reveals instead that the pathological distortions characterize chronic remodeling that began at birth and led to degeneration of the joint over the animal’s life. These results suggest that this individual suffered from hip dysplasia, a congenital condition common in domestic dogs and cats. This individual reached adulthood but could not have hunted properly nor defended territory on its own, likely relying on a social group for feeding and protection. While extant social felids are rare, these fossils and others with similar pathologies are consistent with a spectrum of social strategies in Smilodon supported by a predominance of previous studies.