bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender as a determinant of lifestyle in young university students
Authors: Sánchez-Rojas IA , Castro-Jiménez LE , Argüello-Gutiérrez YP , Aguirre-Rueda DM 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Lifestyles is part of the subject's personal decisions, resulting from the exposure and interaction of factors such as living conditions, behavior patterns, socio-cultural elements, a set of norms, habits, and routines, which affect negatively or positively the health, but since it is a personal decision, it is detached from determinants such as gender. Therefore, the objective of the study was to identify the differences in the lifestyle of university students according to gender.

Methods
Analytical cross-sectional study. The FANTASTIC questionnaire was applied to 187 students with an average age of 20.5 years from the Santo Tomás University in Bogotá and Bucaramanga, Colombia. A chi-square test was performed for each qualitative question and an ANOVA for the quantitative data resulting from each factor, taking gender as the basis of analysis. Statistical analyzes were processed in SPSS 25.0, at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05.

Results
It was found that women walk daily for more than 30 minutes (p = 0.00; 95% OR: +4.0 women); men are more likely to smoke (p = 0.001; 95% OR: +2.6 men) and drive after drinking alcohol (p = 0.012; 95% OR: +2.5 men); performance of periodic medical check-ups (p = 0.007; 95% OR: +2.0 men) and compliance with traffic orders (p = 0.004: 95% OR: +2.9 men) and seat belt use (p = 0.006; 95% OR: +1.0 men) is higher in men. Significant differences were found between tobacco consumption (p = 0.001), and alcohol (p = 0.013), physical activity (p = 0.011) and other behaviors (p = 0.001).

Conclusions
Men are more likely to engage in risky behaviors, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption and less physical activity; therefore, gender is a determining factor for the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits.

Key messages
The lifestyle of the university population is influenced by gender, which is why promotion and prevention campaigns must be differential between men and women. Sex is a determining factor for a healthy lifestyle.
Increasing planning targets is not enough: health workforce management in rheumatology in Germany
Authors: Kuhlmann E , Bruns L , Hoeper K , Witte T , Ernst D , Jablonka A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Health workforce shortage in German rheumatology and its negative impact in healthcare are increasingly recognised. Health policy has increased staffing targets, but effective intervention strategies are lacking. This paper aims to systematically map the rheumatology workforce and to explore opportunities for intervention, thus contributing to better health workforce management.

Methods
The WHO National Health Workforce Accounts (NHWA) provided a conceptual framework for the mapping exercise. Four major sets of indicators were selected, comprising staffing levels, health labour market flows, skill-mix and education/training. Comparison of age-groups and time series was applied to explore trends. Public statistics and other secondary sources served the analysis, using descriptive methodology.

Results
Rheumatologists nearly doubled in absolute numbers since 2000, but this trend shows a problematic demographic bias. Between 2000 and 2019 numbers increased markedly in the groups aged +50 years, but only about 9% in younger groups under 50 years. Most alarming, since 2010 the group 40 to 50 years showed a reverse trend and strong decreases. In 2019, absolute numbers of rheumatologists working in healthcare after retirement-age exceeded those aged 40 and under. Since 2015 an expanding workforce trend overall flattened, but strongest in the hospital sector; annual inflows do not show relevant growths.

Conclusions
Health workforce assessment reveals negative demographic trends and decreasing appeal of the specialty especially to men, thus highlighting a need for more effective health workforce management. Intervention strategies should target innovation in resident training and task shifting and improve gender equality.

Key messages
Health workforce trends indicate that new health policy planning targets cannot be met with an available stock of rheumatologist. The WHO NHWA provide a useful toolbox to map health workforce trends and identify weaknesses and gaps.
The public’s views on responsibility for medical errors in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Tsigengagel O , Glushkova N , Khismetova Z , Korostova Ye , Kussainova D , Sovetbekov D , Alchimbayeva M , Rakhypbekov T 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Healthcare professionals, public committees and leaders, as well as and people in positions of responsibility, deeply apprehensive with improving patient safety in Kazakhstan. Patient attitude towards of medical error is relatively well studied in developed countries of the world, but little is known about Central Asian countries, especially post-soviet space. This study aimed to analyze the attitude towards medical errors, depending on whether the respondents themselves or their relatives had this experience in the Republic of Kazakhstan from 2019 to 2021.

Methods
The study included two hundred sixty-seven participants. The statistical analysis of data on medical error was performed for the whole country. Data on medical error from public were retrieved for the period 2019-2020. Respondents were asked about the causes of and solutions to the challenge of preventable medical errors and what the consequences of medical error should be.

Results
A total of 40.8% (109/267) of respondents confirmed that they had experienced problems regarding medical errors while 59.2% (158/267) had not encountered any medical errors in their life experience. Nearly one in three Kazakhstan's adults agree that cause of medical errors is lack of professional qualifications of health professionals 36.3% (97/267). The respondents noted that hospital administration 47.6% (127/267) should be held accountable for medical errors, followed by the health professionals 25.5% (68/267).

Conclusions
There were significant differences between the regions of the country in the causes of medical errors in the opinion of public, as well as in indicators of the degree of responsibility for and response to medical errors. There is a need for further study of the causes and attitudes of public, which may have helped to better understand the challenge of medical errors in Kazakhstan.

Key messages
There is a need to performing regular analysis and evaluation to find out the cause of the problem and taken into account in deciding regarding the medical error. We recommend raising awareness about medical errors and the need for incident reporting, introducing training and learning workshops, and improving medical error reporting.
Reducing gaps in incindent reporting: an integrated information system
Authors: Nante N , Pasquetti E , Diodati G , Kolarikkal MJ , Riganelli P , Gentile AM 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
In Hospitals,interventions aimed at identifying adverse events are based on voluntary reporting by health care professionals. We evaluate the incident reporting system in a Private Clinic which provides medical-surgical-rehabilitative health care services both to NHS and Private Patients.

Methods
A retrospective study was carried out by retrieving reports of adverse events that occurred from January 2011 to December 2015(processing of the years 2016-2020 is ongoing).Data were obtained from various information sources: institutional incident reporting; reports for administrative and insurance purposes; surveillance activities of the health management; organizational environmental reports; tabulations of transfer to the emergency department.

Results
A total of 306 adverse events were recorded during the study period. The most reported were transfers(51%), followed by falls(31%).Among those reporting adverse events, the main ones were Doctors(44.72%), followed by Nurses(9.15%) and Physical Therapists(1.41%).The institutional incident reporting system detected 42.5% of the adverse events, underestimating at least 57.5%; moreover, only 27.7% of the events were reported in more than one of the above sources.We are now processing the 2016-2020 data,which can be presented at the EPH Conference.

Conclusions
It is necessary to use several information sources to reconstruct a reliable epidemiology of adverse events in the hospital,in order to structure an effective system of audit and quality improvement.

Key messages
Only an integrated risk assessment can promote changes in clinical practice. Reducing gaps in reporting tools means increasing the safety, effectiveness and efficiency.
Infectious illnesses of young children: financial burden for rich countries - a literature review
Authors: Graichen J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

While childcare assistance has indisputable positive effects on female employment and economic growth, children attending day care centres show a considerably higher number of infections compared to those raised at home. This is not only a substantial threat to the well-being of families, but also a major economic burden for society. This review aims at examining studies that describe and quantify the costs of illnesses that are possibly transmitted in kindergarten to enable development of policies and interventions. A scientific literature search was performed. The electronic databases PubMed and Medline were searched with keywords and MeSH terms (Cost of Illness; Health Care Costs; Child). Articles were considered relevant, if published after the year 2000 in English, if conducted in Europe, USA or Australia, examining contagious illnesses (respiratory, influenza(-like), gastrointestinal diseases) of children and if not solely focused on hospitalization costs. A total of 504 records were identified. After abstract and full text screening, 15 articles were selected. No article summarizes all illnesses that are possibly transmitted in kindergarten, studies rather estimate costs for one diagnosis or one symptom group only. Main cost buckets considered are direct medical, direct non-medical and indirect costs (mainly due to loss of workdays of caregivers). Focus and perspective of the studies and thus the quantification of costs differs widely (e.g., for respiratory illnesses per non-hospitalized case one study claims 123 vs. 49 Euro in neighbouring countries). Existing cost of illness studies cannot easily be combined to one overall cost estimation for sick kindergarten children, which is needed to foster public health actions and to enable cost-efficient design. However, solely looking at single illnesses already reveals the big potential which comes with reducing contagious illnesses in the child age and thus, the urgent need to action to relieve children and society.

Key messages
The economic burden arising from contagious illnesses among kindergarten children is substantial and reveals the need for policies and interventions to relieve children and society. Further research is needed to get a comprehensive view of cost of illnesses for children with illnesses transmitted in kindergarten to enable cost-efficient design of interventions.
Analysis of infant mortality caused by sudden infant death syndrome in the Russian Federation
Authors: Panchina A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is one of the leading causes of infant death and it caused the death of 40 thousand babies around the world in 2017. In the Russian Federation, there are no large and long-term studies of the epidemiology of SIDS.

Methods
A descriptive study of infant mortality associated with SIDS in the regions of the Russian Federation in 2019 according to the Federal State Statistics Service.

Results
In 2019, SIDS caused the death of 259 children and ranked 7th in the structure of infant mortality. The infant mortality rate due to SIDS was 0.17 per 1000 live births (median for the regions of the Russian Federation - 0.13, IR 0.0 - 0.27). The infant mortality rate due to SIDS among the rural population was 0.27 per 1000 live birth in the relevant area, among the urban population - 0.14, among boys - 0.20, among girls - 0.15 per 1000 live birth of the corresponding sex. From 2008 to 2019, the indicator in the Russian Federation decreased by 56% (in 2008 - 0.39 per 1000 live birth). The highest infant mortality rate due to SIDS in 2019 was recorded in the Far Eastern Federal District (0.31 per 1000 live births), the lowest was in the Central FD (0.10). SIDS was not recorded in 28 constituent entities, in 4 of them there was not a single case for the period from 2013 to 2019. In 21 regions, the infant mortality rate was higher than 0.27 per 1000 per live birth. The relative risk of SIDS was quite variable across the regions of the Russian Federation.

Conclusions
The analysis revealed the scatter of the infant mortality rate due to SIDS among the regions of the Russian Federation. It is necessary to study the problem of SIDS at the state level to explain the results.

Key messages
The development and implementation of programs for the prevention of SIDS should be based on the study of the epidemiology of this pathology in each region separately and in the country as a whole. Significant differences in the infant mortality rate due to SIDS among the regions of Russian Federation require detailed study.
Factors associated with the breastfeeding intention
Authors: Marín Leal A , Villegas Domínguez J , Rodriguez Gonzalez RD , Sanchez Rodriguez A , Márquez Celedonio FG 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
In Mexico, 47.7% of newborns are breastfed within the first hour of life and 28.6% are exclusively breastfed until 6 months of age, which does not meet the WHO definition of successful breastfeeding. Attitudes are expressed through beliefs, emotions and intentions wich represent a link between attitude and behavior, that is, a strong predictor of behavior.
Objetive: to determine the factors associated with the intention of breastfeeding in womeńs next pregnancy.

Methods
A cross-sectional, prospective, observational and comparative study was carried out. Women between 18 and 35 years old, residents from Veracruz in Mexico, were between July and December 2020. Virtual surveys were applied through social networks, using a non-probabilistic sampling, evaluating knowledge about breastfeeding through the application of the ‘Breastfeeding knowledge questionnaire' (Cronbach's Alpha 0.722) and social characteristics were also recorded.

Results
1241 participants were included, with a mean age of 22.1 (± 3.5) years. The prevalence of the intention to exclusively breastfeed was 41.2%; the factors that registered a positive association for the intention to grant exclusive breastfeeding were the age between 18 and 25 years (OR 2.0 95%IC 1.4-2.9), high knowledge (OR 2.0 IC95%1.3-2.9), being single (OR 3.7, CI95% 2.4-5.6), studyng high school (OR 1.3, 95%CI 1.05-1.7), being students (OR 2.2, 95%CI 1.7-2.8), have medical service through social security (OR 1.4, 95%CI 1.1-1.7), know what is a breastfeeding room (OR 1.9 95%CI 1.5-2.4), as well as know different points of the law in support of lactation had OR values higher than 1, with p values &lt;0.05 in all cases.

Conclusions
Age, knowledge about breastfeeding, marital status, scholarship, occupation, having medical attention for social security, not having children, knowing the legal aspects about breastfeeding in Mexico and knowing the concept of breastfeeding room are associated with the intention to exclusively breastfeed.

Key messages
Women who receive medical care in the public health system increase their intention to exclusively breastfeed in their next pregnancy. High knowledge about breastfeeding, the laws that support it, being young, single, and knowing what abreastfeeding room is all favor the intentions of giving exclusive breastfeeding.
Underestimation of energy intake in overweight siberian adolescents
Authors: Berezovikova I , Denisova D , Shcherbakova L 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
According to some epidemiological studies, in the Russian Federation the prevalence of overweight in children in different regions of Russia is from 5.5 to 11.8%. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutrition of Siberian adolescents with different weight status.

Methods
A cross-sectional population survey (2019) was conducted on a random representative sample of schoolchildren aged 14-18 years of both sexes, 612 people were examined: 249 boys (40.9%), 360 girls (59.1%). To assess levels of overweight and obesity IOTF cut offs were used. The basal metabolic rate (BMR) was calculated using formulas proposed by FAO/WHO/ONU. For evaluation of misreporting of energy intake the equations, proposed by Goldberg G.R. et al were applied to derive cut-offs. Reported Energy Intake should be calculated as average value based on EI estimated for each of non-consecutive days applying 24-h dietary recall. Under-reporters energy intake estimate if EI/BMR &lt; 0,97 for boys and &lt;0,95 for girls.

Results
The prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Novosibirsk was 22.1% in boys and 14.4% in girls. Quotas of fat energy in general, saturated fatty acids, easily digestible sugars exceed recommended levels in all weight status groups. The fiber content was below the recommended level by more than 2 times. Above 80% of overweight adolescents underestimate energy intake. Percent of under-reporting of energy intake in boys was 45,8% in underweight group; 48,6% in normal weight group; 80,6% in overweight group. In girls - 26,8%, 54,1% and 85,1%, respectively.

Conclusions
Overweight adolescents exceeded the energy of fat, saturated fatty acids, added sugar, protein in the total energy intake. A low intake of total carbohydrates, vegetable protein, and dietary fiber was noted.
Supported by grant No. 19-013-00800 of RFBR.

Key messages
Above 80% of overweight adolescents underestimate energy intake. The results presented that nutritional corrections requires both adolescents with overweight and obesity, as well as with normal weight.
Mother's hesitancy of vaccinating their children in Japan – Text analysis survey
Authors: Tanaka Y , Tsuchiya Y 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
the world is facing a novel coronavirus pandemic, and the role of vaccination and vaccination acceptance is playing an important role under current vaccination deployment. Japan's vaccination system has progressed these days greatly; however, the non-mandatory vaccination rate for children such as mumps, influenza is still low due to mothers' hesitancy. Given this circumstance, we conducted a qualitative analysis using text analysis methods for Japanese mothers with children about their hesitancy to vaccinate their children in Japan.

Methods
We used the data of a questionnaire survey first conducted in 2012, where two hundred and twenty-six mothers participated with an average age of 44.7 years (SD ± 5.02). The questionnaire included open-ended questions, where mothers wrote their opinion freely about vaccination about their children. We conducted text analysis focusing on the keywords of ‘hesitancy' (IBM SPSS Text Analytics for Surveys 4.0).

Results
The keywords that extracted frequently included; vaccination (n = 160), hesitancy (n = 66), difficulty in access to vaccination (n = 57), knowledge/information scarcity (n = 31), fear for side effect (n = 30), complexity of vaccination schedule (n = 23) and government subsidies (n = 20). The most related keyword with hesitancy was; side effect (n = 20), expensive cost (n = 12), and non-mandatory (n = 10). A keyword of having natural immunity was also closely connected (n = 8).

Discussion and Conclusions
To ameliorate hesitancy among mothers against vaccination of their children, local government notification and subsidy as mandatory vaccination, providing the correct information about diseases and side effects of vaccinations would work as plus factors.

Key messages
For pandemic preparedness, it is necessary to research vaccine acceptance among children. This research is to explore vaccine hesitancy among mothers and factors related to their unwillingness.
Mental health needs assessment in the time of covid-19 pandemic: the Delphi study based consensus
Authors: Makivić I , Selak Š , Švab V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Backgrounds
The COVID-19 pandemic affected mental health of population around the world. To be able to address mental health field effectively evidence based solutions through needs assessment with inclusion of all stakeholders - politicians, service providers, users and caregivers is needed.

Methods
The first group of priority activities was listed within two professional groups. Additional 129 participants of all stakeholder groups were invited to participate in the Delphi study consequently. After the first round activities were meaningfully formed into set of activities. In the second round, participants rated the importance on a scale of 1 to 5 (5 means very important activity).

Results
Among the participants in the Delphi study (response rate 37.9%), half of them were professionals and the other half equally distributed among policy- or decision-makers and services' users or carers. The average score of activities was 4.3 (important) with high consensus level (84.3%). The study provided a list of important activities including COVID 19 pandemic in Slovenia recognised in the system and service levels. These are single entry point, establishment of appropriate and accessible psychological assistance to most exposed individuals and to infected ones, continuously implemented destigmatization campaigns, regular consultations among professionals in health, social and educational services also for needs assessment, strengthened services addressing domestic violence, strengthen advocacy and representation services for people with mental health disorders and others.

Conclusions
The Delphi study provided consensus based list of activities at the system and service levels, important in the time of COVID-19 epidemics that are in line with international standards. These measures are also in line with several already launched preventive measures in Slovenia that were established also regarding detected needs.
Work was supported by Slovenian Research Agency, project No.: Z3-2652.

Key messages
Delphi study achieved civil society’s influence and co-design of emergency activities. According to recognized needs establishment of additional services is needed, especially for vulnerable groups.