bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Listeriosis in infants: Prospective surveillance studies in Canada and Switzerland
Authors: Abu-Raya Bahaa , Jost Marianne , Bettinger Julie A , Bortolussi Robert , Grabowski Janet , Lacaze-Masmonteil Thierry , Robinson Joan L , Posfay-Barbe Klara M , Galanis Eleni , Schutt Elizabeth , Mäusezahl Mirjam , Kollmann Tobias R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
International data on listeriosis during infancy from large populations are essential to guide evidence-based empiric antibiotic guidelines for sepsis in infancy. We aimed to determine the incidence, clinical manifestations, and outcome of listeriosis in infants &lt;6 months of age in Canada and Switzerland.

Methods
Prospective, active surveillance of listeriosis in infants &lt;6 months of age was conducted through the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (May 2015 to April 2017) and the Swiss Paediatric Surveillance Unit (April 2017 to March 2018). Confirmed and probable cases were included.

Results
In Canada, eight sporadic listeriosis cases were reported (incidence, 1.1/100,000 live births/year). In Switzerland, four cases were reported (incidence, 4.5/100,000 live births/year) of which three were part of a confirmed outbreak with an unclear source. In the two countries, eight of the 12 cases (66.6%) presented as early-onset disease (within the first 7 days of life) and none presented after 28 days life.

Conclusions
Neonatal listeriosis is rare. Infants presenting with sepsis, especially after 4 weeks of life, may not routinely require empiric antibiotic coverage for listeriosis. Outbreak-related cases still occur. Continued surveillance is important.
The Arabidopsis circadian clock protein PRR5 interacts with and stimulates ABI5 to modulate abscisic acid signaling during seed germination
Authors: Yang Milian , Han Xiao , Yang Jiajia , Jiang Yanjuan , Hu Yanru 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSeed germination and postgerminative growth require the precise coordination of multiple intrinsic and environmental signals. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) suppresses these processes in Arabidopsis thaliana and the circadian clock contributes to the regulation of ABA signaling. However, the molecular mechanism underlying circadian clock-mediated ABA signaling remains largely unknown. Here, we found that the core circadian clock proteins PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR5 (PRR5) and PRR7 physically associate with ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5), a crucial transcription factor of ABA signaling. PRR5 and PRR7 positively modulate ABA signaling redundantly during seed germination. Disrupting PRR5 and PRR7 simultaneously rendered germinating seeds hyposensitive to ABA, whereas the overexpression of PRR5 enhanced ABA signaling to inhibit seed germination. Consistent with this, the expression of several ABA-responsive genes is upregulated by PRR proteins. Genetic analysis demonstrated that PRR5 promotes ABA signaling mainly dependently on ABI5. Further mechanistic investigation revealed that PRR5 stimulates the transcriptional function of ABI5 without affecting its stability. Collectively, our results indicate that these PRR proteins function synergistically with ABI5 to activate ABA responses during seed germination, thus providing a mechanistic understanding of how ABA signaling and the circadian clock are directly integrated through a transcriptional complex involving ABI5 and central circadian clock components.
The Impact of Airport Noise on House Prices
Authors: Kaur Kanwal Preet , Cardak Buly A , McAllister Richard 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Using individual house sale data and the release of an airport noise contour map, the relationship between airport noise contours and house prices in Melbourne is studied. House prices are not related to noise contours but annual aircraft movements and distance from the runway are both identified as important determinants of the price of houses near the airport. Houses farther from the airport runway but with the same observable characteristics command a premium of up to 37 per cent which is likely attributable to a range of externalities from the nearby airport including airport noise. Results are robust to tests for time variation in airport disamenity values. The results suggest households use distance to the runway as a proxy for the effects of airport noise.
Anti-nuclear matrix protein 2 antibody-positive inflammatory myopathies represent extensive myositis without dermatomyositis-specific rash
Authors: Ichimura Yuki , Konishi Risa , Shobo Miwako , Inoue Sae , Okune Mari , Maeda Akemi , Tanaka Ryota , Kubota Noriko , Matsumoto Isao , Ishii Akiko , Tamaoka Akira , Shimbo Asami , Mori Masaaki , Morio Tomohiro , Kishi Takayuki , Miyamae Takako , Tanboon Jantima , Inoue Michio , Nishino Ichizo , Fujimoto Manabu , Nomura Toshifumi , Okiyama Naoko 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) define distinct clinical subsets of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). The anti-nuclear matrix protein 2 (NXP2) antibody, a MSA detected in juvenile/adult IIMs, has been reported to be associated with a high risk of subcutaneous calcinosis, subcutaneous oedema and internal malignancies. The study aimed to clarify the clinical features of anti-NXP2 antibody-positive IIMs in detail.

Methods
This was a multicentre retrospective observational study on 76 anti-NXP2 antibody-positive patients. The antibody was detected via a serological assay using immunoprecipitation and western blotting. The patients were selected from 162 consecutive Japanese patients with IIMs.

Results
The cohort of anti-NXP2 antibody-positive IIMs included 29 juvenile patients and 47 adult patients. Twenty-seven (35.5%) patients presented with polymyositis phenotype without dermatomyositis-specific skin manifestations (heliotrope rash or Gottron sign/papules); this was more common in the adults than children (48.9% vs 15.8%, P &lt; 0.01). Nine (11.8%) patients had subcutaneous calcinosis, and 20 (26.3%) patients had subcutaneous oedema. In addition, the proportion of patients with muscle weakness extending to the distal limbs was high (36 patients [47.4%]) in this cohort. Adult patients had a higher prevalence of malignancy than the general population (age-standardized incidence ratio of malignancies: 22.4).

Conclusion
Anti-NXP2 antibody-positive IIMs, which include dermatomyositis sine dermatitis, are characterized by atypical skin manifestations and extensive muscular involvement.
Objective rapid eye movement sleep characteristics of recurrent isolated sleep paralysis: a case–control study
Authors: Kliková Monika , Piorecký Marek , Miletínová Eva , Janků Karolina , Dudysová Daniela , Bušková Jitka 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Study Objectives
Recurrent isolated sleep paralysis (RISP) is a rapid eye movement (REM) parasomnia characterized by a dissociative state with characteristics of REM sleep and wakefulness. Pathophysiology has not yet been clarified and very little research has been performed using objective polysomnographic measures with inconsistent results. The main aim of our study was to find whether higher REM sleep fragmentation is consistent with the theory of state dissociation or whether signs of dissociation can be detected by spectral analysis.

Methods
A total of 19 participants in the RISP group and 19 age- and gender-matched participants in the control group underwent two consecutive full-night video-polysomnography recordings with 19-channel electroencephalography. Apart from sleep macrostructure, other REM sleep characteristics such as REM sleep arousal index, percentage of wakefulness and stage shifts within REM sleep period were analyzed, as well as power spectral analysis during REM sleep.

Results
No difference was found in the macrostructural parameters of REM sleep (percentage of REM sleep and REM latency). Similarly, no significant difference was detected in REM sleep fragmentation (assessed by REM sleep arousal index, percentage of wakefulness and stage shifts within REM sleep). Power spectral analysis showed higher bifrontal beta activity in the RISP group during REM sleep.

Conclusions
The results showed an underlying persistent trait of higher cortical activity that may predispose patients with sleep paralysis to be more likely to experience recurrent episodes, without any apparent macrostructural features including higher REM sleep fragmentation.
Validity of Self-Reported Endometriosis: A Comparison Across Four Cohorts
Authors: Shafrir A. L. , Wise L. A. , Palmer J. R. , Shuaib Z. O. , Katuska L. M. , Vinayak P. , Kvaskoff M. , Terry K. L. , Missmer S. A. 
Published: June 2021

(Abstracted from Hum Reprod 2021;36:1268–1278)
Approximately 10% of reproductive-aged women are affected by endometriosis, a condition in which endometrial-like tissue is found outside of the uterus causing severe pain and infertility. Diagnosis requires surgical visualization resulting in many studies relying on medical record abstraction or insurance claim information for diagnosis.
Detection of Growth-Restricted Fetuses During Pregnancy Is Associated With Fewer Intrauterine Deaths But Increased Adverse Childhood Outcomes: An Observational Study
Authors: Andreasen L. A. , Tabor A. , Nørgaard L. N. , Rode L. , Gerds T. A. , Tolsgaard M. G. 
Published: June 2021

(Abstracted from BJOG 2021;128:77–85)
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with a number of adverse outcomes, including stillbirth, need for early delivery, and long-term neurodevelopmental problems. Identifying FGR early allows for heightened monitoring of the fetus in utero and during labor and for planning an appropriate time for delivery.
Emergency Department-initiated Buprenorphine and Referral to Follow-up Addiction Care: A Program Description
Authors: Regan Susan , Howard Sydney , Powell Elizabeth , Martin Alister , Dutta Sayon , Hayes Bryan D. , White Benjamin A. , Williamson Dawn , Kehoe Laura , Raja Ali S. , Wakeman Sarah E. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
Emergency department (ED) initiated opioid use disorder (OUD) care is effective; however, real-world predictors of patient engagement are lacking.

Objective:
This program evaluation examined predictors of ED-based OUD treatment and subsequent engagement.

Method:
Program evaluation in Boston, MA. Adult patients who met criteria for OUD during an ED visit in 2019 were included. Patients were included if a diagnosis of OUD or opioid-related overdose was associated with the ED visit or if they met previously validated criteria for OUD within the previous 12 months. We assessed predictors of ED-OUD treatment receipt and subsequent engagement, using Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set definition of initial encounter within 14 days of discharge and either 2 subsequent encounters or a subsequent buprenorphine prescription within 34 days of the initial encounter. We used generalized estimating equations for panel data.

Results:
During 2019, 1946 patients met criteria for OUD. Referrals to Bridge Clinic were made for 207 (11%), buprenorphine initiated for 106 (5%), and home induction buprenorphine kits given to 56 (3%). Following ED discharge, 237 patients (12%) had a visit within 14 days, 122 (6%) had ≥2 additional visits, and 207 (11%) received a subsequent buprenorphine prescription. Young, White, male patients were most likely to receive ED-OUD care. Patients who received ED-OUD care were more likely to have subsequent treatment engagement (adjusted rate ratio: 2.30, 95% confidence intervals: 1.62–3.27). Referrals were made less often than predicted for Black (-49%) or Hispanic/Latinx (-25%) patients.

Conclusions:
Initiating treatment for OUD in the ED was associated with increased engagement in outpatient addiction care.
A Pilot Investigation of Nonpharmacological Pain Management Intervention Groups in Methadone Maintenance Treatment
Authors: DiMeola Kimberly A. , Haynes Jeff , Barone Meredith , Beitel Mark , Madden Lynn M. , Cutter Christopher J. , Raso Anthony , Gaeta Marina , Zheng Xiaoying , Barry Declan T. 
Published: June 2021

Objectives:
We examined the feasibility (i.e., single-session attendance) of conducting 3 counselor-delivered nonpharmacological pain management intervention (NPMI) groups in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT): (1) Coping with Pain, an intervention based on cognitive-behavioral therapy, (2) Wii-Covery, an exergame intervention to facilitate exercise, and (3) Juggling Group, an intervention to promote social inclusion and reduce stress. We examined pre-post session changes in pain and mood associated with group attendance.

Methods:
Over 1 month at an MMT clinic with 1800 patients, each NPMI group was offered daily Monday-Friday and 1 was offered on Saturdays. A standardized but unvalidated measure was administered before and after sessions to assess acute changes in current pain intensity and mood states. Paired t-tests with Bonferroni corrections were performed for each NPMI group (P < 0.0007 [.05/7]).

Results:
About 452 patients (67% male, 84% White, mean age, 40) attended at least 1 NPMI group. About 57% reported current chronic pain. Attendance at any NPMI group (for the whole sample and the subset with chronic pain) was significantly associated with acute reductions in current pain intensity, anxiety, depression, and stress, and acute increases in current energy and happiness. Attendance at Coping with Pain and Juggling Group was also associated with acute increases in compassion.

Conclusions:
Coping with Pain, Wii-Covery, and Juggling Group are feasible to conduct in MMT, and acute improvements in current pain intensity and specific mood states associated with a single session attendance point to the importance of examining systematically the efficacy of these and other NPMIs in MMT.
Risk of Feeding Problems Among Infants With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Mensah Nana A. , Madden Erin F. , Qeadan Fares 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The rate of infants born with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) increased by more than 500% between 2004 and 2016. Although feeding problems among infants diagnosed with NAS have been documented, the risk of feeding problems among infants diagnosed with NAS has not been estimated.

Purpose:
This study evaluates the extent to which feeding problems among infants diagnosed with NAS differ from thise in infants without an NAS diagnosis.

Methods/Search Strategy:
A matched retrospective cohort study (2008-2017) of infants diagnosed with NAS in the United States was conducted using hospital admission data from the Cerner Health Facts Database. Multivariable logistic regressions controlling for confounders were used to assess whether an NAS diagnosis is associated with hospital admission due to feeding problems.

Findings/Results:
Infants with NAS were nearly 3 times as likely (OR = 2.81; 95% CI, 2.68-2.95) to have feeding problems compared with infants without NAS after adjusting for infant and hospital characteristics. Lower birth weight, higher infant age, Hispanic ethnicity, and hospital location in the Midwest region were also associated with higher odds of feeding problems. Infants diagnosed with NAS who had feeding problems had slightly lower odds of being offered lactation services than infants without NAS who had feeding problems.

Implications for Practice:
These findings suggest the need for targeted feeding interventions.

Implications for Research:
Future research on infants with NAS may build on these findings by assessing the role of maternal factors such as nutrition and substance use to understand how parental characteristics also influence the risk for hospitalization.
A Broadly Applicable Method for Characterizing the Slope of the Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potential Amplitude Growth Function
Authors: Skidmore Jeffrey , Ramekers Dyan , Colesa Deborah J. , Schvartz-Leyzac Kara C. , Pfingst Bryan E. , He Shuman 
Published: June 2021

Objectives:
Amplitudes of electrically evoked compound action potentials (eCAPs) as a function of the stimulation level constitute the eCAP amplitude growth function (AGF). The slope of the eCAP AGF (i.e., rate of growth of eCAP amplitude as a function of stimulation level), recorded from subjects with cochlear implants (CIs), has been widely used as an indicator of survival of cochlear nerve fibers. However, substantial variation in the approach used to calculate the slope of the eCAP AGF makes it difficult to compare results across studies. In this study, we developed an improved slope-fitting method by addressing the limitations of previously used approaches and ensuring its application for the estimation of the maximum slopes of the eCAP AGFs recorded in both animal models and human listeners with various etiologies.

Design:
The new eCAP AGF fitting method was designed based on sliding window linear regression. Slopes of the eCAP AGF estimated using this new fitting method were calculated and compared with those estimated using four other fitting methods reported in the literature. These four methods were nonlinear regression with a sigmoid function, linear regression, gradient calculation, and boxcar smoothing. The comparison was based on the fitting results of 72 eCAP AGFs recorded from 18 acutely implanted guinea pigs, 46 eCAP AGFs recorded from 23 chronically implanted guinea pigs, and 2094 eCAP AGFs recorded from 200 human CI users from 4 patient populations. The effect of the choice of input units of the eCAP AGF (linear versus logarithmic) on fitting results was also evaluated.

Results:
The slope of the eCAP AGF was significantly influenced by the slope-fitting method and by the choice of input units. Overall, slopes estimated using all five fitting methods reflected known patterns of neural survival in human patient populations and were significantly correlated with speech perception scores. However, slopes estimated using the newly developed method showed the highest correlation with spiral ganglion neuron density among all five fitting methods for animal models. In addition, this new method could reliably and accurately estimate the slope for 4 human patient populations, while the performance of the other methods was highly influenced by the morphology of the eCAP AGF.

Conclusions:
The novel slope-fitting method presented in this study addressed the limitations of the other methods reported in the literature and successfully characterized the slope of the eCAP AGF for various animal models and CI patient populations. This method may be useful for researchers in conducting scientific studies and for clinicians in providing clinical care for CI users.
Association of Nutritional Status with New-Onset Delirium in Elderly, Acute Care, Orthopaedic Trauma Patients: A Single-Center Observational Study
Authors: Maher Susan S. , Franco-Garcia Esteban , Zhou Carmen , Heng Marilyn , van Pelt Maria , Akeju Oluwaseun , Quraishi Sadeq A. 
Published: June 2021

Objective:To determine whether nutritional status at hospital admission is independently associated with new-onset delirium (NOD) in elderly, orthopaedic trauma patients.Design:Single-center, retrospective, cross-sectional study.Setting:Data from patients at a large teaching hospital in Boston, MA, were analyzed.Patients:All patients were ≥65 years and hospitalized for acute surgical management of their major fractures after trauma.Intervention:None.Main Outcome Measurement:Nutritional status was assessed at admission using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF). Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method within 24 hours of admission and daily throughout hospitalization.Results:The incidence of delirium was 20% (94/471). Each unit decrement in MNA-SF was associated with a 14% higher risk of NOD (adjusted OR 1.14; 95% CI 1.05–1.28). Moreover, malnourished patients (MNA-SF score 0–7) were twice as likely to develop NOD (adjusted OR 2.07; 95% CI 1.01–4.35) compared with patients who were not malnourished (MNA-SF score 8–14).Conclusions:In hospitalized, elderly, orthopaedic trauma patients, poor nutritional status may be a modifiable risk factor for NOD. Future studies are needed to determine whether aggressive nutritional interventions can reduce the incidence of NOD and improve outcomes in this cohort of patients.Level of Evidence:Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Superficial Deltoid Ligament and Deep Deltoid Ligament Play Equally Important Roles in the Stability of Isolated Lateral Malleolus (OTA/AO 44-B1) Fractures: A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Hempen Eric C. , Butler Bennet A. , Barbosa Mauricio , Muriuki Muturi , Havey Robert M. , Kadakia Anish R. 
Published: June 2021

Objective:
To evaluate the individual contributions to stability of the superficial and deep deltoid ligaments in the setting of SER IV ankle fractures.

Methods:
Nineteen total cadaveric specimens were used. SER IV injuries were created with the rupture of either the superficial (SER IV-S) (n = 9) or deep deltoid (SER IV-D) (n = 10). These were tested by applying an external rotation force (1 Nm, 2 Nm, 3 Nm, and 4 Nm). Changes in the position of the talus were recorded with a 3D motion tracker. Injury conditions were compared with a 4-step general linear model with repeated measures. Injury condition was also compared with the intact state and to each other using 2-tailed t tests.

Results:
The general linear model showed that increased loading had a significant effect with axial rotation (P = 0.02) and sagittal translation (P = 0.003). SER IV-S and SER IV-D showed significantly greater instability compared with the intact state in axial rotation (1 Nm, 2 Nm, and 3 Nm). SER IV-S and SER IV-D did not significantly differ from each other.

Conclusions:
SER IV fracture patterns can be unstable with isolated injury to either the superficial or deep deltoid. This challenges the notion that deep deltoid rupture is necessary. Further clinical studies would help quantify the consequences of this instability.
Implementation of Vancomycin Therapeutic Monitoring Guidelines: Focus on Bayesian Estimation Tools in Neonatal and Pediatric Patients
Authors: Han Jihye , Sauberan Jason , Tran Martin Tuan , Adler-Shohet Felice C. , Michalik David E. , Tien Tran Hoang , Tran Lan , DO Dylan Huy , Bradley John S. , Le Jennifer 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The 2020 consensus guidelines for vancomycin therapeutic monitoring recommend using Bayesian estimation targeting the ratio of the area under the curve over 24 hours to minimum inhibitory concentration as an optimal approach to individualize therapy in pediatric patients. To support institutional guideline implementation in children, the objective of this study was to comprehensively assess and compare published population-based pharmacokinetic (PK) vancomycin models and available Bayesian estimation tools, specific to neonatal and pediatric patients.

Methods:
PubMed and Embase databases were searched from January 1994 to December 2020 for studies in which a vancomycin population PK model was developed to determine clearance and volume of distribution in neonatal and pediatric populations. Available Bayesian software programs were identified and assessed from published articles, software program websites, and direct communication with the software company. In the present review, 14 neonatal and 20 pediatric models were included. Six programs (Adult and Pediatric Kinetics, BestDose, DoseMeRx, InsightRx, MwPharm++, and PrecisePK) were evaluated.

Results:
Among neonatal models, Frymoyer et al and Capparelli et al used the largest PK samples to generate their models, which were externally validated. Among the pediatric models, Le et al used the largest sample size, with multiple external validations. Of the Bayesian programs, DoseMeRx, InsightRx, and PrecisePK used clinically validated neonatal and pediatric models.

Conclusions:
To optimize vancomycin use in neonatal and pediatric patients, clinicians should focus on selecting a model that best fits their patient population and use Bayesian estimation tools for therapeutic area under the –curve–targeted dosing and monitoring.