bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation optimization research of anti-freezing heat pipe for preheating fresh air in wellbore
Authors: Zhang Yaping , Qu Fangfang , Chen Yao , He Zhiyin , Jiang Haochen , Hao Haohao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In order to solve the icing phenomenon of mine wind gap, a physical model of L-type gravity heat pipe was designed in combination with calculation of shaft operating condition, which based on the new idea that geothermal energy of thermostatic formation is used as driving heat source of heat pipe for shaft antifreeze. The numerical simulation showed that the condensation end temperature of the heat pipe could reach 275K. The heat pipe optimization simulation was carried out for the length of the condensation and insulation section of the heat pipe. When the condensing section is 5 m, the effect is the best. The results showed that the temperature at the condenser end of the heat pipe was increased by 275.6K after optimization. The optimized scheme for extracting heat energy from thermostat by heat pipe has a good effect.
Study on the model binary mixtures for actual EPS extracted from the activated sludge in MBR on membrane fouling
Authors: Gao Zhenfu , Wang Dong , Fan Zhiyun , Liu Ying , Wang Zhan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In order to find a model solution to simulate actual extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) solution in terms of filterability behavior, a series of experiments were conducted in a dead-end unstirred cell with 0.1 μm polyvinylidene fluoride membranes using single/binary mixtures consisting of sodium alginate (SA), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and humic acid (HA). It can obtain that the presence of BSA and SA is a necessary condition for model the filtration behavior of the actual EPS solution. Meanwhile, compared the actual EPS solution with binary mixtures model EPS solution can find that BSA/SA=140/58.3 and SA/HA=107/28.5 can exhibit the similar filtration behavior as actual EPS, while BSA/HA are far from that of actual EPS solution. The suitable type and combination of simulated solution were determined to improve the consistency with EPS solution in actual MBR system.
Performance and foulants characterization of the industrial integrated membrane system
Authors: Luo Huijia , Cui Yong , Wang Zhan , Guo Yangyang , Wang Xi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In order to objectively elucidate the state of the membrane after long-term operation, the performance of a full-scale microfiltration-reverse osmosis (MF-RO) integrated membrane system with production capacity of 20,000 m3/d for wastewater reclamation was evaluated by collecting 10 years performance data. The foulants on 1 MF membrane and 12 RO membranes along the feed channel also were analyzed by membrane autopsy. The results indicate that the water quality of the system can still meet the customer requirements while the mechanical and desalting properties of the membranes were close to the abandoned standards. In terms of foulants distribution, the MF membrane surface was covered by a thick cake layer and the leading RO membrane suffered the highest fouling load. The predominate organic foulants on the membrane surface were protein and polysaccharide, and the main inorganic foulants were Fe and Ca, and their distribution showed two different trends along the feed channel. Regarding bio-foulants, the compositions of bacterial colonies on 12 RO membranes were basically the same, but the relative abundance of the dominant bacteria was different and the microbial diversity increased gradually from the leading element to the terminal one in both the two stages.
Synthesis of Guar Gum Stabilized Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron for Cr (VI) Removal in Water
Authors: Wei Liu , Tielong Li , Fangchun Lu , Jinjuan Zhang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Guar gum was used in the preparation of a new stabilized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), as a biodegradation stabilizer. The TEM results showed that the nanoparticles were coated by guar gum, and average particle size was 87.4 nm; XRD results showed that guar gum stabilized nZVI was α-nanoFe0. The batch test results showed that the degradation rate of guar gum stabilized nZVI was 12 times than 200 mesh reduced iron powder. Guar gum could hinder the formation of Fe(III)-Cr(III) precipitate by chelating Fe(III), consequently enhanced the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III).
Diagnosis of Post-Arc Residual Plasma in Vacuum Breaker
Authors: Bohao Zhang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The residual plasma in the gap between the anode and cathode has an important influence on the recovery characteristics of the medium after the arc current zero in the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber. A diagnostic system for post-arc residual plasma is proposed and designed to diagnose the density of residual plasma during sheath expansion. The experimental platform is built on the basis of the synthetic circuit and detachable vacuum chamber. The diagnostic system uses Langmuir probe array to diagnose the post-arc plasma density change in vacuum interrupter, which reflects the dynamic process of sheath expansion in the gap. The effect of different current sizes and contact spacing on residual plasma is discussed in this paper. The plasma densities diagnosed by different position probes are used to analyze the post-arc characteristics of vacuum circuit breakers from a micro-level. The accuracy and reliability of the diagnostic system are verified by comparing with the previous studies, which provides some reference value for the future research on the post-arc micro-characteristics of vacuum breaker.
Transfering heat performance for controlling the spontaneous combustion in coalfield of heat pipe
Authors: Zhang Ya-ping , Jiang Hao-chen , Hao Haohao , Qu Fangfang , He Zhiyin , Quan Xin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A heat pipe coal pile experiment platform was established to test the performance of the heat pipe in the heat transfer of the coal pile. Experiments were carried out to measure and analyze the continuous cooling characteristics and cooling rate of the internal heat dissipation of coal piles of different heights under different temperature heat sources. The results show that when the heat source temperature is higher, there is a greater cooling rate inside the coal pile. The closer it is to the heat source, the more obvious the heat dissipation inside the coal pile will be affected by the heat pipe and heat source. This experiment verifies the feasibility of the heat pipe to automatically and continuously transfers the internal heat of the coal pile under the action of the difference between the outside temperature and the internal temperature of the coal pile, to achieve the purpose of preventing spontaneous combustion of the coal pile.
Effect of biogas slurry on water footprint in cauliflower production
Authors: Zhichao Zhao , Shifeng Zhao , Yanqin Wang , Longyun Fu , li Yao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We conducted a field experiment consisting of five treatments during topdressing (CK: no N input, CON: farmer’s conventional N fertilizer input, HBS: substitution of half the amount of N fertilizer with vegetable waste biogas slurry, BS: substitution of the total amount of N fertilizer with vegetable waste biogas slurry, and DBS: substitution of double the amount of N fertilizer with vegetable waste biogas slurry) to evaluate the effect of biogas slurry topdressing on the water footprint (WF) of cauliflower. The results showed that The WF of cauliflower production with the BS treatment was the lowest, which was 18%, 15%, 34%, and 52% lower than that with the DBS, HBS, CON and CK treatments, respectively. The main water consumption sources were blue water consumption via irrigation and grey water consumption, and they accounted for 93%~98% of the total water consumption. Considering the increased cauliflower yield, the substitution of fertilizer N with equal amount of vegetable waste biogas slurry during topdressing in the production of cauliflower is recommended in northern China. Water footprint can be reduced by reducing irrigation and nitrogen leaching.
Membrane fouling of actual extracellular polymeric substances
Authors: Li Qiang , Hu Ge , Song Peng , Khaliunaa Natsagdorj , Khurram Rooha , Zhang Hu , Liu Xuguo , Wang Zhan , Gao Shujuan , Liu Chao , Wang Xi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) in activated sludge suspensions are the key substances leading to the membrane fouling. In order to understand the effect of EPSs on the membrane fouling, the actual EPSs solution extracted from activated sludge suspensions was used as the feed solution to conduct dead-end microfiltration experiment under different pressures by using different membranes. The flux (J), fouling resistances (Rm, Rp, Rc
and Rtotal
) and the available membrane area (A/A0
) were used to describe the membrane fouling. The results showed that with the increase of pressure, J and Rtotal
increased. Rp
firstly increased and then kept constant, Rc
always increased and became the dominant resistance. A/A0
decreased from 1 to a constant. Rc
plays a key role on Rtotal
for different membranes under the same pressure. The sequence of the steady available membrane area (A
steady/A0
) for different pressures was: 63.0% (0.05MPa)> 56.5% (0.08MPa)> 53.6% (0.10MPa), and that for different membranes was: 80.1% (0.2μm PES) > 79.9% (0.1μm PES) > 78.4% (0.1μm PAN) > 53.6% (0.1μm PVDF).
Research on Balanced Management Topology of Series Battery Pack
Authors: Fu Rifucairen , Huo Qunhai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the rapid development of renewable energy, energy storage battery technology has made great progress, and it has also caused the rapid development of electric vehicles. There is an inevitable difference between a large number of battery cells in the energy storage battery pack of electric vehicles. This difference will increase with time, and ultimately affect the safe operation of electric vehicles. Aiming at the problem of voltage imbalance in series battery packs, an improved balanced topology based on energy storage inductors is proposed. The basic working principle of the active balanced topology is analyzed, and the charging and discharging process of the balanced topology is theoretically derived. Finally, the simulation model of the balanced control during the charging and discharging process of the battery pack is built using MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results show that the battery pack has a good balance effect during charging and discharging, which can provide an effective solution to the balance problem of series battery packs.
Study on the mechanical characteristics of steel truss cable-stayed bridge with water pipeline
Authors: Li Ranran , Wang Xiaoshan , Zhang Yajun , Xue Yuxin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Based on the engineering background of a water pipeline cable-stayed bridge, the static characteristics, dynamic behavior and stability of the bridge were studied through the finite element numerical simulation. In terms of static characteristics, the mechanical characteristics of each member of the main truss were analyzed. In the aspect of dynamic characteristics and stability, the influence of different connection modes of pipes and main beam on the dynamic characteristics and stability of the structure was compared. The results show that compared with the bridge used for traffic, the special pipeline bridge bears much more load, and its safety should be paid more attention to. Due to the direct action of the pipeline, the cross beam of the steel truss is the weakest member, which should be paid attention to in the design. When the rigid connection is adopted between the pipeline and the main beam, the lateral rigidity of the structure is larger and the stability is better. It is suggested that the rigid connection should be adopted between the pipeline and the main beam in the design of this kind of bridge to ensure that they can bear the load together.
Influence of temperature and pressure change on CO2 foaming characteristics in crude oil
Authors: Zhang Shuhao , Hongtao Ma , Li Yuxing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
CO2 flooding is an effective technology to improve oil recovery. However, because the foam layer produced in the actual production may affect the gas-liquid separation effect, a set of equipment for analyzing the foaming behavior of dissolved gas crude oil by using the depressurization method is designed, to record the generation and decaying process of foam. The effects of depressurization method, depressurization rate, initial pressure and temperature on the foaming process of crude oil are studied. Studies showed that the use of stepwise depressurization and low depressurization rate is beneficial to increase the effect of gas-liquid separation. There is an optimal temperature to maximize the separation effect.
Research on bearing jacking method of steel -concrete composite beam bridge
Authors: Liu Jinxin , Ma Xiaowei , Zhang Xin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There are plenty of advantages of steel-concrete composite beam bridges. However, Transverse cracks in composite girder bridges usually appear because of the tensile stresses in the concrete deck induced by the negative bending moment at the intermediate supports of continuous composite girder bridges. There are many measures to reduce the tensile stress in the negative bending moment zone of steel-concrete composite beams. At present, bearing jacking method is used more and more in engineering. Taking a composite beam in Shaanxi province as an example, this paper studies the influence of jacking amount and span number on the improvement effect of bearing jacking method. The improvement of stress level of concrete deck in negative moment zone of steel-concrete composite beam bridge is studied and analysed which puts forward relevant engineering solution.
Equilibrium strategy of economic cost and carbon emission reduction of green electric-coal supply chain
Authors: Zhang Liming , Chen Xuewu , Yang Wei , Xiao Gang , Zhao Siwei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As the government pays more attention to energy conservation and emission reduction in the energy industry, the contradiction between economic cost and carbon emission reduction in the electric-coal supply chain becomes more and more serious, which needs to be solved urgently. Therefore, based on the theory of green supply chain, this research constructs a dynamic multi-objective model under the uncertain decision-making environment with the realization of the equilibrium of the total economic cost and carbon emission of electric-coal supply chain as the decision goal, and taking the coal supply capacity and and other practical requirements as the constraints. The following equilibrium model is applied to a electric-coal supply chain in the southwestern region of Y Province. With full consideration of different carbon emission reduction scenarios, the total economic cost and carbon emission balance plan of electric-coal supply chain under five different emission reduction scenarios were obtained, which verified the practicability and effectiveness of the equilibrium model. The results show that the equilibrium model can effectively alleviate the conflict between the economic cost and carbon emission reduction. Finally, based on data analysis, we put forward management suggestions from macro, meso and micro levels to better realize the greenization of electric-coal supply chain.
Research on the Impact of Policies under the Bayesian Network Model on the Consumption Behavior of New Energy Vehicles
Authors: Li JiaHui , Liu Qin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Based on the Bayesian network, this paper uses consumer models to extract several factors that affect the consumption behavior of new energy vehicles, and combines principal component analysis to extract the main factors to construct the model. Using the past sales changes of various models under various policy environments, this paper assign probabilities to the model, and use genetic algorithms to find the value of each factor when the predicted value of new energy vehicle sales growth is the highest. Through correlation analysis, the relevant information of each factor is analyzed, and it is concluded that subsidies have a greater impact on the consumption of new energy vehicles. In the car itself, people pay more attention to the durability of the battery than the performance of the car. Combining the predicted value of the model with the current policy background, it puts forward recommendations on loans, batteries, environmental awareness, and charging infrastructure for new energy vehicle policies.
Free surface flow over two-dimensional dunes under different flow regimes
Authors: Zhao Chenwei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To explore the influence of different flow regimes on fluid dynamics over dunes after the construction of the Three Gorges Dam, a model is applied by utilizing a large eddy simulation, immersed boundary method and level set method to address the turbulence, dune morphology and free water surface, respectively. Seven simulations with incrementally increased Froude numbers are simulated based on previous experimental work. The vertical profiles of the non-dimensional double-averaged streamwise velocity agree well with the experimental data. The profiles display an inflection caused by the effects of the dunes within the form-induced sublayer, where the individual profiles are reduced by wake flow. As the Froude number increases, the flow regime transitions from subcritical flow to supercritical flow, and the mean streamwise velocity and the shear velocity increase. Additionally, the reattachment location of the recirculation zone downstream of the crest moves upwards, while the location of the highest water elevation moves downwards, approaching the crest of the dune. The fluctuation in the free water surface increases as the Froude number increases.
Operation and Control Analysis of Dual Evaporator Heat Pump-solar Drying System
Authors: Xue Hanling , Yan Yuting , Wu Yehao , Wan Xuening 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In order to meet the new environmental requirements of drying technology and reduce energy consumption costs, this paper uses solar energy and air energy to combine multiple heat sources to propose a heat pump-solar drying system for crop drying. Among them, the heat pump system is a dual evaporator parallel mode, and the solar energy adopts the form of comprehensive application in the system. The operation principle of the system is analyzed, and the operation effect of the vacuum tube hot water collection system is obtained through Trnsys simulation, and a multi-energy complementary control method is proposed for the system, which makes the system operation more energy-saving and flexible.
Optimization of Control Strategy for Photovoltaic Power Generation System in Weak Grid
Authors: Chen Pengfei , Zhao Youning , Wang Yitong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the continuous use of traditional fossil energy, the energy crisis and environmental pollution problems become increasingly obvious. As a recyclable, renewable and pollution-free clean energy, solar energy has received more and more social attention. Photovoltaic power generation has become one of the main forms of solar energy utilization for its convenience, safety and other advantages. This paper presents a control method to achieve maximum output efficiency tracking, guaranteeing the output current quality of photovoltaic cells. The design of photovoltaic power generation system and the setting of control parameters are often based on ideal conditions. However, in the real process such as long distance transmission, a large number of line impedances will inevitably be introduced into the power grid, which will lead to the increase of harmonic content of grid connected current and the generation of spike resonance among parameters. Under the combined action of non-linear load and line impedance, how to improve the system stability and reduce the negative impact on the inverted grid connected system has become a problem to be solved. This paper presents an impedance reconfiguration method to increase the stability of photovoltaic power generation system in weak grid.
Aggregation Optimization Method of Virtual Energy Storage for Electric Vehicles Considering User Elasticity
Authors: Liu Lu , Niu Meng , Li Bei , Zhang Yue , Zou Mengjiao , Liu Dunnan , Zhang Tingting , Wang Lingxiang , Shang Shanshan , Liu Mingguang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the continuous development of electric vehicle charging facilities, the impact of electric vehicles on the power grid is growing. Considering the automatic demand response technology of smart grid, charging pile operators participate in the demand response plan and guide users to charge according to the price signal or incentive mechanism, which can ensure the safety of the power grid and reduce the negative effects of electric vehicles on the grid influence. Based on the theory of demand side response elasticity, this paper analyzes the whole process of electric vehicle users' participation in demand response and its influencing factors, classifies electric vehicle users based on demand response, and then quantitatively analyzes users' demand response from the perspective of electricity price elasticity and consumption psychology. Finally, the demand side response model with user participation is established. The application of the model can effectively improve the enthusiasm of electric vehicle users to participate in demand side response, and reduce the negative impact of electric vehicles on the power grid.
Trading Model and Development Path of Demand-Side Resource Aggregators
Authors: Liu Dunnan , Zhang Yue , Zou Mengjiao , Zhang Tingting , Wang Lingxiang , Shang Shanshan , Liu Mingguang , Wang Wen , Peng Xiaofeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the accelerating process of re-electrification, the high-proportion access of new energy and the rapid development of flexible demand-side resources, it is of great significance to fully tap demand-side resources, and explore the trading mode and market mechanism of a wide range of load aggregators participating in the operation of the power system. This paper studies the trading mode and development path of load aggregators participating in the electricity market, which can guide the demand-sides resources to participate in the power grid regulation, and link the demand-side resources ‘flexibility value with the power system’s regulation demand. At the same time, the uncertainty and randomness of the load-side resources will be reduced, and the system regulating performance and renewable energy consumption capacity will be improved.
Consolidation analysis and effect analysis in the treatment of soft foundation by vacuum preloading
Authors: Fan Ling , Chen Shaofan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Vacuum preloading is a common method in the treatment of soft soil foundation. Combined with field test engineering cases, the plastic drainage board is equivalently processed into sand well units. The analytical solution of the sand well consolidation equation under the linear attenuation of vacuum preloading is derived to evaluate the consolidation degree of the site. The results showed that the vacuum negative pressure reached -85 kPa at 20 d, and the pore water pressure in the silt soil continued to dissipate to produce negative pore pressure, and finally reached a stable value at 60 d. Considering that the vacuum negative pressure affects the change of pore pressure, it is concluded that the vacuum negative pressure attenuates 3.4 kPa/m along the depth of the soil. Based on the data obtained on site, the solution in this paper is compared with the Hansbo solution, which is closer to the actual project.