bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring three-dimensional shapes of stable solar prominences using stereoscopic observations from SDO and STEREO
Authors: Zhou Chengrui , Xia Chun , Shen Yuandeng 
Published: January 2021

Aims. Although the real shapes and trajectories of erupting solar prominences in three dimensions have been intensively studied, the three-dimensional (3D) shapes of stable prominences before eruptions have not been measured accurately so far. We intend to make such a measurement to constrain 3D prominence models and to extend our knowledge of prominences.
Methods. Using multiperspective observations from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) and the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager on board the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO), we reconstructed 3D coordinates of three stable prominences: a quiescent, an intermediate, and a mixed type. Based on the 3D coordinates, we measured the height, length, and inclination angle of the legs of these prominences. To study the spatial relationship between the footpoints of prominences and photospheric magnetic structures, we also used the Global Oscillation Network Group Hα images and magnetograms from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the SDO.
Results. In three stable prominences, we find that the axes of the prominence legs are inclined by 68 ± 6° on average to the solar surface. Legs at different locations along a prominence axis have different heights with a two- to threefold difference. Our investigation suggests that over 96% of prominence footpoints in a sample of 70 footpoints are located at supergranular boundaries. The widths of two legs have similar values measured in two orthogonal lines of sight. We also find that a prominence leg above the solar limb showed horizontal oscillations with larger amplitudes at higher locations.
Conclusions. With a limited image resolution and number of cases, our measurement suggests that the legs of prominences may have various orientations and do not always stand vertically on the surface of the sun. Moreover, the locations of prominence legs are closely related to supergranules.
Spectroscopic properties of a Cr3+, Er3+ and Pr3+ co-doped CaLu0.2La0.8Ga3O7 single crystal for a 2.7 μm laser
Authors: Liu Yunyun , Pan Fei , Tu Chaoyang , Huang Chuanxin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A new laser crystal, Cr/Er/Pr:CaLu0.2La0.8Ga3O7 (Cr/Er/Pr:LuCLGO), was successfully grown by the Czochralski method for the first time. The structural parameters of Cr/Er/Pr:LuCLGO crystal were determined by the x-ray Rietveld refinement method. Optical absorption, fluorescence spectra and lifetime decay profiles were measured for the crystal. The co-doped Cr3+ ion expands the absorption cross-section considerably for 400–700 nm bands, which is beneficial for xenon lamp pumping. Also the co-doped Pr3+ ions decrease the population of the Er3+:4I13/2 energy state effectively. The energy transfer efficiencies of the Er3+:4I11/2 → Pr3+:1G4 and Er3+:4I13/2 → Pr3+:3F4 processes were calculated, showing that Pr3+ ions can play an important role as deactivators for Er3+ ions. Furthermore, the energy transfer mechanisms among Cr3+, Er3+ and Pr3+ ions were studied. The results suggest that Cr/Er/Pr:LuCLGO crystal is a new promising laser medium for 2.7 μm xenon lamp pumping solid-state lasers.
On the eve of the new leap in measurement science
Authors: Sapozhnikova K , Taymanov R , Kostromina S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
At the beginning of the 21st century, the multidimensional problems of studying human and society have gone beyond separate sciences. As a result, the need for measuring properties (with providing measurement result traceability), which were considered immeasurable before, has increased. By performing cross-disciplinary and interdisciplinary investigations, to meet this requirement has become possible. In recent years, such investigations have received increased attention at the IMEKO congresses and symposia as well as other international congresses and conferences devoted to measurement science. Interaction in a creative team that consists of professionals in various scientific fields, development of common databases, work in the Internet on joint documents, etc. result in new problems. Organization difficulties concerning such investigations, capacities for overcoming them as well as the efficiency and features of collaborative work in a creative team, have been shown using the example of the experience obtained at the D.I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology.
Soft measurements of qualitative integral indicators for monitoring quantitative dataset
Authors: Novikova S V , Kremleva E S , Valitova N L , Snegurenko A P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In many areas, the criteria for the adoption of certain decisions are not quantitative, but qualitative assessments of some crucial criteria. This applies, in particular, to the integral assessment of the health status of patients, or the assessment of the ecological state of the environment, etc. Therefore, an integral qualitative assessment of an object, based on the known numerical states of its individual elements, is an urgent non-trivial task.
Currently, there are methods for calculating the quantitative integral assessment, which is a kind of “code” for the qualitative assessment. A direct verbal evaluation is obtained, as a rule, by ranking the possible numerical values of the resulting integral code, and assigning to each given interval a certain qualitative definition. However, well-known methods for constructing analytical computational integrated assessment are not effective.
As an alternative, the authors of the article propose an approach consisting in a comprehensive assessment of the state of objects based on the allocation of “similar” groups, and analysis of the basic general properties of objects in the group. Such problems can be solved by cluster analysis methods. Cluster analysis allows you to group (decompose) data that has the property of “similarity” in a given sense and to separate them from “dissimilar” data. By analyzing data in groups, experts can give a high-quality interpretation of homogeneous data in a cluster.
However, when analyzing the obtained groupings by domain experts, a situation often arises when the data in some groups have a sufficient degree of homogeneity in order to give them a qualitative assessment, and in others the mathematical method of clustering does not allow to separate heterogeneous data from each other, and experts cannot give rating.
So the idea to apply step-by-step clusterization when in each step it is decided whether every cluster has a sufficient degree of homogeneity or not. If not, all non-homogeneous clusters should be further decomposed into two or more clusters. It remained to decide which clustering method to choose for the data decomposition. To address this problem, reconnaissance experiments were conducted. As a result, the Kohonen Self-Organizing Map (SOM-cards) method has been proved to be the best.
The proposed algorithm for multilevel clustering was called the Cascade Neural Network Filtering Data. Its effectiveness was confirmed by numerical experiments.
Expert group information formalization based on Z-numbers
Authors: Poleshchuk O M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A model for formalizing expert group information with a given level of reliability was developed in the paper. To formalize the information Z-numbers were used, components of which are formalizations (fuzzy numbers) of terms of Full Orthogonal Semantic Scopes (linguistic variables with the properties of completeness and orthogonality). If experts evaluate a characteristic X of objects, then individual expert criteria for evaluating this characteristic are represented as a set of Z-numbers, the first components of which are formalizations of the terms of Full Orthogonal Semantic Scope with the title X, and the second component are formalizations of the terms of Full Orthogonal Semantic Scope with the title “Reliability”. The group expert criterion is also determined in the form of a set of Z-numbers, first components of which satisfy the Pareto condition. For Z-numbers, aggregation segments are determined, which are used to determine the distance between two Z-numbers and to recognize the reliability of the group expert criterion. Reliability recognition and identification with one of the linguistic terms (and, accordingly, with the fuzzy number formalizing this term) of the semantic scope “Reliability” is based on a comparative analysis of the distances between Z-number belonging to the group criterion and Z-numbers, the first component of which coincides with the first component of Z-number from the group criterion, and the second components are formalizations of the terms of semantic scope “Reliability”. The reliability of expert group evaluation (the second component of Z-number from the group criterion) is determined by the linguistic value (and, accordingly the fuzzy number formalizing this value) that corresponds to the minimum distance.
Development of models and methods for creating a digital twin of plant within the cyber-physical system for precision farming management
Authors: Skobelev P O , Mayorov I V , Simonova E V , Goryanin O I , Zhilyaev A A , Tabachinskiy A S , Yalovenko V V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper discusses creation of a digital twin (DT) of plant for an intelligent cyber-physical system for managing precision farming. A new approach to formalization of DT knowledge is proposed to form expert knowledge within the subject area based on the ontological specification of stages of plant growth and development and multi-agent technology for creating stage agents and coordinated dynamic recalculation of stage duration and yield forecast based on events in the environment. The paper proposes a method for calculating the forecast for duration of plant development stages and yield based on expert knowledge. A “tube” model of the range of changes in parameters of plant development for each stage has been developed. The paper also introduces a method for calculating the yield forecast, as well as the dates of beginning and end for each plant development stage within the “tube” during their normal development and in case of critical situations, for example, frost or drought. Ontology of plant development is constructed for implementation of the “tube” model of environmental parameters, which is converted into a digital form within the ontology editor, available for use by agents. The paper describes the structure and functions of a smart plant DT, built on the basis of a knowledge base and a module for multi-agent planning of plant development stages (for example, wheat), integrated with external weather forecast and fact services. A brief description of the created prototype of the intelligent plant DT system in Java is given. Using the system, agronomists can create their own knowledge bases and DTs of the cultivated plants for each field or even field section. The system will be useful in modern crop production for precision farming, not only “place-wise” but also “time-wise”, i.e. in terms of the best time for performing agrotechnical operations.
Threats of information security in the application of GIS in the interests of the digital economy
Authors: Burlov V G , Gryzunov V V , Tatarnikova T M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The development of a digital economy is impossible without the use of geographic information systems (GIS). On the other hand, the use of GIS entails the implementation of new threats. The article analyses possible threats, the requirements of regulators, formulates the necessary and sufficient conditions for ensuring security when using GIS.
Conceptual modelling of public administration the innovation process in the context of digitalization with catch-up modernization
Authors: Sirota E N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to the conceptual modelling of state management of the innovation process in modern conditions. The construction of the conceptual model included the identification and operational description of the goals of state management of the innovation process, the definition of significant controlled inputs to this process from the state, as well as possible types and tools of control actions on them. The article substantiates the roles of the following key parameters of the state impact model on the innovation process: the national innovation resource, the institutional, legal, economic, socio-psychological conditions for its formation, and the state order for socially significant innovations. It is shown that the main and most effective control actions of the social state on the innovation process should be aimed at reducing the cost and providing wide access to modern forms of education at all levels based on digitalization and artificial intelligence. The author substantiates the need for a closer link between the formation of scientific and technological schools of the country and the specifics of its natural resource base, as well as the institutionalization of economic responsibility of experts with state funding of socially significant innovations. The presentation of this conceptual model can become a material for discussion, which will facilitate the transition from conceptual to numerical and simulation modelling of the process under consideration. The article was prepared based on the results of research carried out at the expense of budgetary funds on the state order of the Financial University
The approach to the development of a probabilistic model to determine the optimal mechanism for an unfinished oil well fund subsidising
Authors: Feshina S S , Nikolaev D A , Feshina Y O , Caruana E M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the context of the coronavirus pandemic and quarantine measures taken by the international community, energy demand declined significantly in the second quarter of 2020. In April, oil prices fell to a record low of $13-$14 per barrel. In order to restore oil prices, OPEC+ imposed strict restrictions on production in May. This has in turn decreased the number of drilling wells significantly and has had a negative impact on oilfield service companies. The decline of the oilfield services can lead to a loss of skills in the development of hard-to-recover reserves and to a loss of global market share. In order to reduce risks and ensure accelerated recovery of production volumes, a number of countries are developing and introducing methods of state subsidising to stimulate the construction of oil wells up to the moment of their completion. In Russia, the Ministry of Industry and Trade is also developing a plan to provide preferential loans to oilfield service organisations, and then oil companies will redeem finished wells. Given the recession in the global economy, the high volatility of macro parameters, the risk of the second wave of coronavirus and the new OPEC+ restrictions, makes it necessary to determine the best and most sufficient, but not excessive, mechanism for supporting oilfield services and stimulating the optimal pace of construction of oil wells depending on the type of oil fields and their remoteness from world markets’ sales. In view of the high uncertainty of model parameters, this paper proposes to use probabilistic methods and Bayesian methods to solve the above problems.
Active identification of object parameters with non-scalar inputs-outputs
Authors: Troshina G V , Voevoda А А 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this work, within the framework of the active identification problem, the recurrent least squares method is used to determine the object parameters with non-scalar signals at the input and output of the system. The proposed technique is shown using the example of a third order object. Calculations are executed in Simulink environment. Parameter estimates are received for a discrete description of a third-order object as a result of modeling in Simulink environment. Convergence graphs of parameter estimates to the base values of the in question object are given. It should be noted the rapid convergence of parameter estimates. A meander type signal was used to test the proposed parameter estimation algorithm.
Models and methods of decision-making and probabilistic methods in information processing as an applied tool for data evaluation
Authors: Zbrishchak S G , Zvyagin L S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Decision-making is a process that requires a lot of effort, sufficient knowledge, and making a choice by analyzing various solutions to many problems. The set of problems is called in another way the set of alternatives x. When solving the problem of decision-making in organizational models, in fact, we make a choice, giving preference to one or another option, based on characteristics and certain criteria. But first, you need to correctly form the initial alternatives, based solely on the conditions and limitations of external systems that affect the problem being solved. If the decision-maker (hereinafter referred to as the LPR) decides to ignore the requirements of external systems, the formed alternatives will not be complete enough, and the choice will be limited. As a result, it will not be possible to find the best solution among the presented ones. In General, it is accepted to consider the decision-making process as a system that consists of a certain set of typical stages and their actions that interact with each other. The number and stages of actions may vary, because the conditions and types of tasks are different. In turn, among all existing methods of data processing and analysis, mathematical methods of information processing are distinguished, which include statistical sequential analysis, the basis of which is probabilistic methods, which serve as one of the most effective analysis tools.
The possibility of using the potentiometric titration method to determine the antioxidant properties of wines
Authors: Solovyova L M , Grishin Y V , Kazak A N , Oleinikov N N , Chetyrbok P V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The results of study of phenolic composition, antioxidant activity and oxidation state of phenolic substances of white and red table wine materials were presented. Close correlational between the antioxidant activity of white table wine materials, the oxidation parameter of phenolic composition and the content of monomeric, oligomeric and polymeric forms of phenolic compounds were established., The correlation between antioxidant activity and oxidation parameter of phenolic substances has not been established for red wine materials. Direct effect of the oxidation state of phenolic substances in white table wine materials on their antioxidant activity was shown. The oxidation parameter of phenolic substances can be used as a criterion of assessing the antioxidant properties of white table wine materials and wines. The method of potentiometric titration may be recommended for use in processing, training and experimental analytical laboratories to assess the antioxidant activity of white table wine materials and wines.
Technological aspects of the trust in cross-border paperless exchange
Authors: Kustov V N , Silanteva E S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To operate high quality expert and decision support systems we need to use data that could be trusted. Given differences in technical, legal, and administrative environments, cross-border paperless exchange poses significant challenges to the data validation. These challenges could be overcome due to the provision of the trust to the technologies used to exchange data across borders. That is why this article discusses trust technologies that allow cross-border data exchange in electronic form. The article provides a brief description of advantages and disadvantages of the three main validation protocols: DVCS, XKMS, and OASIS DSS. As the main form to provide trust in cross-border documents exchange we propose trusted third party (TTP) technology. Hardware and software aspects of the TTP implementation in the form of hardware and software package are described in the article with the examples of successful implementation of cross–border electronic legally significant documents flow implementation.
Numerical analysis of a two-stage forming process for a hollow part with external flange
Authors: Winiarski G , Bulzak T , Szala M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the results of a numerical analysis of a two-stage forging process for producing a hollow part with an external flange. The numerical analysis was performed via the finite element method using Deform-2D/3D. The analysed case included a cold forming process. The billet was a tube made of a low alloy steel grade 42CrMo4 with its flow curve described by a constitutive equation. The forming process involved the use of two operations: extrusion and forging in a tapered die cavity. The objective of the study was to determine whether the proposed forming technique could be used for production of hollow flanged parts. The kinematics of material flow, distributions of effective strains and the Cockcroft–Latham ductile fracture criterion, as well as force parameters were examined. The conducted research confirmed the correctness of the proposed method.
Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of physical examination and MRI for ligament and meniscus injuries
Authors: Krakowski P , Karpiński R , Jonak J , Maciejewski R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Surgical planning shall be based on thorough physical examination and radiological findings during patient evaluation. The use of computational methods in the evaluation of diagnostic tests may facilitate the decision-making process as well as reduce treatment costs. Conventional X-ray is a modality of choice for bone visualisation however, it is not suitable for soft tissue evaluation. MRI is a tool designated for soft tissue examination however, its accuracy is debated in the literature. This study was performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MRI in most common knee injuries in comparison to physical examination. The evaluation of selected diagnostic methods used in the evaluation of ligaments and meniscus was carried out based on statistical indicators and ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curves. The indicators were determined using Statistica and Matlab software. 69 patients were enrolled in the study, who were previously scheduled for arthroscopic knee surgery. Each patient underwent a closed protocol physical evaluation prior to surgery. MRI reports were collected and stored. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated with the use of ROC curves. Physical examination presented greater diagnostic accuracy than MRI in ACL tears. The same dependency was found in lateral and medial meniscal tears. MRI showed AUC of 0.835 for MM, 0.788 for LM, and 0.870 for ACL, respectively. The physical examination had the greatest diagnostic accuracy in comparison with ACL tears, where AUC for the Lachman test reached 0,902. Apley test was most accurate for LM tears with AUC reaching 0,842, while the McMurray test was the most accurate for MM lesions. MRI is a preferable addition to a thorough physical examination.
Buckling numerical analysis of composite plate element in asymmetrical configuration
Authors: Falkowicz K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The work presents the original conception of a thin-walled plate element with the central rectangular cut-out for use as an elastic or load-bearing element, subjected to uniform compression. Plates were simply supported on shorter edges, made of composite with high strength properties. The analysis aimed to choose a laminate layer configuration that would ensure the lowest buckling form about bending-torsional character, ensuring stable construction work in the post-critical range. The influence of cut-out geometrical parameters and the angle of fibre layout on the value of the critical load of the structure was measured. To develop a discrete model and to perform numerical calculations the commercial ABAQUS program was used.