bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Neighborhood Characteristics on HIV Treatment Outcomes Among Adults: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Kimaru Linda Jepkoech , Habila Magdiel , Mantina Namoonga , Madhivanan Purnima , Connick Elizabeth , Ernst Kacey , Ehiri John 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe HIV pandemic has caused enormous suffering and loss of life in the last forty years. Currently more than 34 million people have died as a result of HIV infection and over 37 million people are currently living with HIV. There have been tremendous global efforts to address the HIV pandemic and although significant progress has been made in treatment and prevention of HIV, many people living with HIV still do not have appropriate access to treatment and care. Current HIV interventions have focused more on individual factors than on community level factors. Community level factors influence individual behavior by enhancing or limiting access to- and utilization of HIV care. The objective of this scoping review is to assess and critically examine the association between neighborhood characteristics and outcomes of HIV treatment.Methods The following databases will be searched for studies published on and prior to May 31, 2021: PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and EMBASE. We will include published full text studies with both experimental and observational study designs that discussed neighborhood characteristics and HIV treatment outcomes. We will exclude abstracts only publications and studies reporting opinion. Data generated from the search will be managed using Mendeley ﻿1.19.8. The review will be conducted using Arskey and Levac’s methodological framework for scoping reviews. A narrative synthesis will be conducted on the included studies. Discussion Sustainability of HIV interventions that focus on individual behaviors rely on the community level factors that influence those individual behaviors. This review will enhance the understanding of the impact of neighborhood characteristics on HIV treatment outcomes among adults, and possibly shed a light on potential points of intervention that will aid in improving ART initiation, ART adherence, and HIV viral load suppression.Scoping Review Registration: OSF 10.17605/OSF.IO/MD89T
Intraoral Swallow Pressure Profiles-General Features and Aids to Categorization
Authors: Casey Vincent , Perry Alison , Conway Richard 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The primary goal of this study was to establish a normative data set representing intraoral time series swallow pressure profiles for healthy adults using a novel wearable intraoral pressure sensing system, OroPress, developed to help with dysphagia (swallow disorder) clinical screening. Methods: Swallow intraoral pressure-time profiles for 35 healthy adults (17 male, 18 female) swallowing water (3 × 5cm3 ; 3 × 10cm3 ) and custard (3 × 5cm3 ) boluses (N = 9 × 35 = 315) were recorded using OroPress. Results: General swallow profile traits are identified to characterise an effective, efficient swallow. A profile-specific swallow envelope function is devised which in combination with profile metrics, provides a simple means of categorizing swallows as effective or impaired. Conclusion: The swallow profile data trace with superimposed and colour coded peaks, envelope function and related swallow metrics provides a simple human readable graphic to aid the real-time instrumented identification of subjects warranting more in-depth clinical assessment. It may also prove useful in the selection of training set profiles for machine learning and other analysis tools which could improve the discriminatory capabilities of intraoral pressure measurement in dysphagia diagnostics.
The Effect of Depression in High-Risk Pregnant Women On Self-Care Agency: The Mediating Role of Resourcefulness
Authors: Zhang ke , Tao hongxia , Wang yanhong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Mental problems such as anxiety and depression are prominent among high-risk pregnant women, and their self-care agency is poor. As an effective cognitive-behavioral self-control technique, resourcefulness 's mechanism in the effect of depression on self-care agency is still unclear. Therefore, this article aims to construct and test a hypothetical model linking the resourcefulness of high-risk pregnant women with depression and prenatal self-care agency.
Methods

500 high-risk pregnant women from three tertiary hospitals in Gansu, North-west of China, were recruited. Chinese Resourcefulness Scale, the Reliability and Validity of Patient Health Questionnaire Module (PHQ-9), and Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale were used. Structural equation modeling was used to explore the path relationships and mutual effects between resourcefulness, depression and self-care agency.
Results

Self-care agency is a protective factor for depression in high-risk pregnant women(OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.32 ~ 0.75). The level of resourcefulness is negatively correlated with depression(r=-0.34, P < 0.01). Resourcefulness has a direct positive predictive effect on the self-care agency of high-risk pregnant women(r = 0.52, P < 0.01). The resourcefulness is a mediating variable between depression and self-care agency, and the mediating effect accounts for 65.99% of the total effect.
Conclusion

Resourcefulness is a mediating variable between depression and self-care agency in high-risk pregnant women. Nurses should pay attention to the level of resourcefulness of high-risk pregnant women and conduct positive assessments, so as to take intervention to reduce the level of depression and increase self-care agency.
The Implication of Language Background of Students’ in Academic Performance: Case of Engineering University
Authors: Sanyang Embrima , Shamim Md. Rashedul Huq Huq , Raihan Md. Abu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A language of instruction is used to deliver explanations about the concepts that are taught, discuss among students and teachers, and solve academic tasks such as exercises and assignments. At the Islamic University of Technology (IUT), students are drawn from different OIC countries whose language background is either the host country's language, e.g. Bangla, or other OIC member state languages e.g. French, Arabic, or English. This study investigates the implications of students’ language background towards their academic performance in IUT with specific objectives of assessing the impact of student’s level of English Language (EL) proficiency against their academic performance and determining the relationship between the constructs of the level of English Language proficiency and academic performance. The quantitative research design was used including close-ended questionnaires to collect data about the implication of language background on students’ performance. It was discovered that the implication of writing on students’ performance was minor and depended on the insight it was viewed in. Secondly, reading played an important part in building students’ confidence, increases participation and self-expression. Third, it was noted that perceived understanding had a slightly negative impact on student performance and, finally reading as part of background language had a significant positive role in the performance of students. Other factors such as the background of students in terms of origin, students’ interest in courses, etc. also influenced students’ academic performance. Further study in the future could explore other factors that determine students’ performance and issues of language to improve engineering knowledge and skills.
Predicting Temperature And Precipitation During The Flood Season Based On Teleconnection
Authors: Jung Jaewon , Kim Hung Soo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the damages resulting from abnormal hydrometeorological climate have substantially increased over the world due to the climate variability and change. Especially, the flood damage has been severely occurred during the flood season almost every year in Korea. For an example, we had the localized heavy rainfalls for 54 days in flood season of 2020 and had huge property damage and loss of life. Therefore, the study needs to be conducted to improve the predictive power of seasonal time-scale forecasts spanning one to several months for the damage reduction and prevention. In this regard, this study aims to provide a priori predictions (several months ahead) of the climate variable at target sites with a statistical method based on teleconnection with global climatic conditions. Herein, the paradigm of the temperature and precipitation prediction in the Geum river basin in Korea is presented. The purposes of the study are also (1) to analyse the characteristics of summer temperatures and precipitation according to the occurrence of El Niño/La Niña and (2) to suggest a seasonal prediction model that can consider the effects of the occurrence of El Niño and La Niña during the flood season. The model is constructed by classifying the data period into El Niño, La Niña, and neutral status. Then we have shown that the prediction model improves the predictive power for the predictions of climate variables such as temperature and precipitation at midlatitude stations which Korea is located. Therefore, this study demonstrates the possibility of improving the predictive power for forecasting temperature and precipitation by the prediction model considering climate variability.
Preliminary Study on the Role and Mechanism of KIRREL3 in the Development of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC)
Authors: Yang Bingbing , Zhang Xiane , Zhou Hao , Zhang Xiaoyan , Yang Wanjing , Lu Jing , Guo Zhiyu , Dong Ziming , Wu Qinghua , Tian Fang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract, which is very harmful to human health. The JAK-STAT signaling pathway is a recognized carcinogenic pathway that plays a role in the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of a variety of cancer cells. Some studies have shown that the activation status of STAT3 affects the expression of KIRREL3. However, the expression of KIRREL3 in ESCC and its relationship with KIRREL3 or the JAK-STAT signaling pathway is still unclear.Methods: In this study, we used immunohistochemistry and western blotting to analyze the protein expression levels of KIRREL3 in tumor tissues and ESCC cell lines. We applied proliferation assays, plate clone formation assays, Transwell assays, flow cytometry analysis, and CDX animal models to examine the role of KIRREL3 in ESCC.Results: The results indicate that KIRREL3 is highly expressed to varying degrees in ESCC tissues and cell lines. Knocking down KIRREL3 expression in ESCC cells could correspondingly inhibit cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and migration, and had some effects on cell cycle progression and apoptosis. In addition, overexpressing KIRREL3 in these cells had opposite effects. Tumor formation in nude mice experiments also confirmed that KIRREL3 is involved in the growth of ESCC cells in vivo. Conclusions: These data suggest that KIRREL3 plays a key role in the development of ESCC, and KIRREL3 is a potential new target for the early diagnosis and clinical treatment of this disease.
Construction And Verification of A Prognostic Model Related To RNA-Binding Proteins In Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Jia Yukun , Peng Zhan , Wang Guangye 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: RNA binding proteins (RBP) plays an important role in post-transcriptional regulation. Although the dysregulation of RBP expression is closely related to the occurrence and metastasis of a variety of tumors, there are few reports on RBP in endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). This study aims to establish a RBP-related prognostic model of UCEC. Methods: We downloaded UCEC gene expression and clinical information data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GEO database, and determined RBPs that are differentially expressed between tumors and normal tissues. Then, used functional enrichment analysis to analyze the biological functions of the differentially expressed RBP. Used univariate Cox regression analysis to screen prognostic-related RBP and construct a prognostic model. Subsequently, Kaplan-Meier and recipient operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to evaluate the model. Finally, established a nomogram. Results: This study identified 531 differentially expressed RBPs, including 325 up-regulated and 206 down-regulated RBPs, respectively. Then six independent prognostic-related RBPs (REXO2, MARS2, XPO5, YBX1, YBX2, and CELF4) were used to construct a prognostic model. According to this model, the overall survival (OS) of patients in the high-risk score group was significantly lower than that of the low-risk score group. In the training queue and the test queue, the areas under the ROC curve were 0.799 and 0.669, respectively, showing the moderate predictive value of the model. Conclusion: We have developed and validated the RBP-related prognostic model.
Association of Toll –like Receptors 1, 2, 4, 6 ,8, 9 and 10 Genes Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Tuberculosis in Sudanese Patients
Authors: Mhmoud Najwa A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Genetic factors are important contributors to the development of a wide range of complex disease. Polymorphisms in genes encoding for toll like receptors (TLRs) usually influence the efficiency of the immune response to infection and are associated with disease susceptibility and progression. Therefore, we aims to describe the first association between TLR1, TLR2, TLR4 TLR6 , TLR8 , TLR9 ,and TLR10 genes polymorphisms and susceptibility to tuberculosis in Sudanese patients.Methodology: Here we performed a case study which included 160 tuberculosis patients and 220 healthy matched controls from Sudan. In the study population, we evaluated the possible association between 86 markers in TLR1, TLR2, TLR4 TLR6 , TLR8 , TLR9 ,and TLR10 genes polymorphisms and susceptibility to tuberculosis disease in Sudanese population using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) . Result: From our results It appeared that in the tuberculosis population the TLR1 rs5743557, TLR1 rs4833095, TLR1 rs5743596, TLR2 rs5743704, TLR2 rs5743708, TLR2 rs3804099 , TLR4 rs4986790 ,TLR4 rs4986791, TLR6 rs5743810 , TLR8 rs3764879 , TLR8 rs3764880, TLR9 rs352165, TLR9 rs352167, TLR9 rs187084 and TLR10 rs4129009 were significantly more often encountered (p<0.0001) than in the control population and were associated with tuberculosis in the Sudanese population. For the other polymorphisms tested, no association with tuberculosis was found in the population tested. Conclusion: This indicates that the genotypes obtained for TLR1 rs5743557, TLR1 rs4833095, TLR1 rs5743596, TLR2 rs5743704, TLR2 rs5743708, TLR2 rs3804099 , TLR4 rs4986790 ,TLR4 rs4986791, TLR6 rs5743810 , TLR8 rs3764879 , TLR8 rs3764880, TLR9 rs352165, TLR9 rs352167, TLR9 rs187084 and TLR10 rs4129009 allele have a significant role in the genetic susceptibility to development tuberculosis in Sudanese population.
Upregulation of PTGFRN in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Predicts Poor Prognosis: A Study Based on the TCGA Database
Authors: Tan Yanlin , Wu Fan , Lin Wenzhen , Wei Yuqin , Lin Yitong , Chao Naixia , Zhou Qingniao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background. The importance of prostaglandin F2 receptor inhibitors (PTGFRN) in the progression of a variety of malignant tumors has been recognized in recent years. So far, no role of PTGFRN in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been reported. In this study, we focused on the possible mechanisms of PTGFRN in HCC based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. Methods. The mRNA gene expression data of PTGFRN were downloaded from TCGA database to analyze the expression level of PTGFRN in HCC. According to the human protein atlas database, the expression difference of PTGFRN protein between HCC and adjacent tissues was verified. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between PTGFRN and clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to explore the prognostic role of PTGFRN in HCC. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of PTGFRN in HCC. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to investigate the function of PTGFRN related Gene sets. Finally, obtain the co-expressed genes of PTGFRN through the cBioPortal database, and use the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis to further explore the role of PTGFRN in HCC regulated related pathways.Results. Analysis of mRNA expression data of 377 HCC patients showed that the expression of PTGFRN was up-regulated in HCC, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The overexpression of PTGFRN was significantly correlated with clinical stage (P = 0.028) and histological grade (P = 0.027). High expression of PTGFRN was associated with poorer overall survival.. Meanwhile, multivariate Cox analysis showed that PTGFRN may be a potential independent risk factor for HCC. GSEA enrichment results showed that the up-regulated PTGFRN phenotype was concentrated in "endocytosis", "oocyte meiosis" and "ERBB signaling pathway". In addition, through the analysis of KEGG and GO pathways, we found that PTGFRN co-expressed genes are mainly involved in extracellular matrix tissue, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell adhesion and cell cycle, and PI3K-Akt/NF-kB signaling pathways.Conclusions. PTGFRN is highly expressed in HCC and can be used as an independent predictor of the clinical prognosis of HCC.
Which Is the Optimal Method of Early Rehabilitation in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: a Protocol for Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Ding Nannan , Peng Huizhen , Guo Yaru , Li Haiyun , Zhao Wenli 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction Early rehabilitation of mechanically ventilated patients is safe, feasible and beneficial to prevent ICU-AW and its consequences. However, there are no guidelines or evidence-based studies about the optimal protocol of early rehabilitation. There is traditional meta-analysis about the effect of simple protocol, such as active mobilization, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, in-bed cycling exercise, interactive video games and so on, but no studies to explore the effects of multiple protocols together. For the extensive clinical implementation, it is important to conduct a network meta-analysis to compare the effect of different protocols of early rehabilitation.Methods and analysis PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of Science, EMbase, grey literature and referent literature will be searched from inception to August 2019. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment will be performed independently by two reviewers. The primary outcome is ICU acquired weakness (ICU-AW), secondary outcomes include the duration of mechanical ventilation and length of stay in ICU and hospital. Statistical analysis and graphical presentations will be conducted by R software (V.3.6.0). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews (V5.1.0) will be used to conduct the quality assessment. The rank possibility will be performed by the histogram. Statistical inconsistency assessment, sensitivity analysis and publication bias will be performed.Discussion This protocol is prepared in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. The protocol gives an insight into the scope and parameters for the systematic review to be carried out.Registration number PROSPERO CRD42020141901
Using a Patterned Sapphire Template And The Lift-off Technique To Synthesize ZnO Nanoflower Arrays With Enhanced Photoluminescence Properties
Authors: TSENG Hsien-Wei , WANG Ching-Shan , WANG Fang-Hsing , LIU Han-Wen , YANG Cheng-Fu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study, the hydrothermal method was used to synthesize ZnO nanorods and ZnO nanoflower arrays. Two different substrates were used to prepare the ZnO seed layer. For the p-type silicon <100> wafer, a prepared ZnO gel was deposited as the seed layer using the spin coating method. When a patterned sapphire recess-type substrate was used as a template, Al film, with a thickness of 120 nm, and OE-6370HF AB glue were used as a sacrificial layer and an imprinting lithography carrier for the ZnO seed layer, respectively. To prepare the array-patterned ZnO seed layers with a protrusion structure, a lift-off technique was used. A 0.2 M solution of zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(CH3COO)2-2H2O) was used at a synthesis temperature of 90°C and a synthesis time of 10–60 min. Because the ZnO seed layer had a protrusion and matrix structure, the ZnO nanorods grew in the vertical bottom direction to form ZnO nanoflower arrays. X-ray diffraction patterns, scanning electron microscopy, and a focused ion beam system were used to analyze and compare the crystal characteristics and the heights and widths of the ZnO nanorods and ZnO nanoflower arrays. We found that the photoluminescence properties were enhanced in the ZnO nanoflower arrays compared with the ZnO nanorods.
Placental Plasmodium Parasitemia and Pregnancy Outcome In Asymptomatic Parturients at Term In A Tertiary Institution South East Nigeria
Authors: Nwigboji Wilson Ndukwe , Egede John Okafor , Igwe Peace Chinyere , Igwe Matthew Nwali , Nwigwe Gregory Chinedu , Adiele Alfred Nnabugwu , Edegbe Felix O , Dimejesi Ikechukwu Bonaventure Okechukwu , Omo-Aghoja Lawrence O 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Malaria in pregnancy is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa and can result in placental malaria with its associated adverse pregnancy outcomes.Method: This was a case control study involving 190 consenting, asymptomatic, booked parturients, recruited consecutively at 36 week. The aim was to determine the effect of placental malaria on pregnancy outcome in asymptomatic women delivering at term. The participants were screened for malaria parasites using peripheral blood film. Based on their results, the participants were grouped into parasitemia positive cases (Group 1) and parasitemia negative controls (Group 2). Both groups were then followed up in the clinic till they presented in labour at term. In labour, participants’ peripheral venous blood sample were collected and used to determine intrapartum haematocrit and peripheral parasitemia. After delivery, cord blood and a section of the placenta were collected for investigation. Data analysis: Collected data were analysed using Statistical Product and service solutions (SPSS) software (version 20). Numerical variables were presented as mean and standard deviation (Mean SD), while categorical variables were presented as numbers and percentages. Chi-square test(X2) was used to compare qualitative variables. Odds ratio (OR) and Confidence interval(CI) were used to observe the odds of outcomes. A p-value 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The prevalence of placental malaria and congenital malaria were 41.05% and 29.47% respectively. Birth weight, APGAR score, NICU admission or congenital malaria were not statistically significant between the two groups. The mean birth weight was 3.16 ± 0.5 kg while 17.89% had low birth weight. There was also no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the association of placental parasitaemia and maternal anaemia or dose of IPT taken. There was no significant association between placental parasitaemia and low parity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of maternal anaemia and low birth weight showed significant placental parasitaemia in both cases (p = 0.004). Conclusion: Placental parasitaemia is a major complication of malaria in pregnancy and is associated with adverse feto-maternal effects. Early booking and uptake of intermittent preventive therapy with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine may help reduce the adverse effects.