bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol predict coronary heart disease risk in patients with stable angina
Authors: Caselli Chiara , De Caterina Raffaele , Smit Jeff M , Campolo Jonica , El Mahdiui Mohammed , Ragusa Rosetta , Clemente Alberto , Sampietro Tiziana , Clerico Aldo , Liga Riccardo , Pelosi Gualtiero , Rocchiccioli Silvia , Parodi Oberdan , Scholte Arthur , Knuuti Jhuani , Neglia Danilo ,   EVINCI and SMARTool
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe assessed whether high triglycerides (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, expressed by an increased TG/HDL-C ratio, predict coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD) outcomes in patients with stable angina. We studied 355 patients (60 ± 9 years, 211 males) with stable angina who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), were managed clinically and followed for 4.5 ± 0.9 years. The primary composite outcome was all-cause mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction. At baseline, the proportion of males, patients with metabolic syndrome, diabetes and obstructive CAD increased across TG/HDL-C ratio quartiles, together with markers of insulin resistance, hepatic and adipose tissue dysfunction and myocardial damage, with no difference in total cholesterol or LDL-C. At follow-up, the global CTA risk score (HR 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.09, P = 0.001) and the IV quartile of the TG/HDL-C ratio (HR 2.85, 95% CI 1.30–6.26, P < 0.01) were the only independent predictors of the primary outcome. The TG/HDL-C ratio and the CTA risk score progressed over time despite increased use of lipid-lowering drugs and reduction in LDL-C. In patients with stable angina, high TG and low HDL-C levels are associated with CAD related outcomes independently of LDL-C and treatments.Trial registration. EVINCI study: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00979199, registered September 17, 2009; SMARTool study: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04448691, registered June 26, 2020.
Comprehensive investigations of mixed convection of Fe–ethylene-glycol nanofluid inside an enclosure with different obstacles using lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Fu Chenqi , Rahmani Amin , Suksatan Wanich , Alizadeh S. M. , Zarringhalam Majid , Chupradit Supat , Toghraie Davood 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the present paper, nanofluid mixed convection is investigated in a square cavity with an adiabatic obstacle by using the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). This enclosure contains Fe–ethylene-glycol nanofluid and three constant temperature thermal sources at the left wall and bottom of the enclosure through a lateral wall. The fluid is incompressible, laminar, and Newtonian. The obtained results are presented in the constant Ra = 104and a Pr = 0.71 for different Ri = 0.1, 1, and 10. The effects of the slope of the enclosure, volume fraction of nanoparticles$$\left( \varphi \right)$$φ, the location of adiabatic obstacles, and nanoparticle diameter in the fluid are investigated on the value of heat transfer. A change in the attack angle of the enclosure leads to changes in the movement distance for fluid between hot and cold sources and passing fluid through case E, which affects the flow pattern strongly. In each attack angle, on colliding with an obstacle, the fluid heat transfers between two sources, which leads to uniform heat transfer in the enclosure. By increasing the velocity of the lid, the Richardson number decreases leading to improvement of the convective heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number enhancement. The results so obtained reveal that by augmenting$$\varphi$$φvalue the effect of Richardson number reduction can augment Nusselt number and the amount of absorbed heat from the hot surface. Consequently, in each state where a better flow mixture and lower depreciation of fluid velocity components, due to the penetration of lid movement and buoyancy force, occurs higher heat transfer rate is accomplished. Furthermore, it is shown that when Ri = 0.1, the effect of cavity angle is more important but when Ri = 10, the effect of the position of obstacle is more visible.
Vitamin D epimers are associated with circulating haemoglobin levels independently of C-reactive protein
Authors: Chailurkit La-or , Sritara Piyamitr , Vathesatogkit Prin , Yamwong Sukit , Thongmung Nisakron , Ongphiphadhanakul Boonsong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVitamin D deficiency has been shown to be associated with anaemia. Circulating 25(OH)D consists of both epimeric and nonepimeric forms. However, the relative roles of epimeric and nonepimeric vitamin D in regulating anaemia and haemoglobin levels remain unknown. Therefore, in this study, we examined the effect of vitamin D, including its epimers, on haemoglobin levels, independently of its effect on circulating high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). This was a cross-sectional study of 1655 subjects from a long-term follow-up cohort at the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand. Venous blood sample were collected for determination of vitamin D [25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3, 3′-epi-25(OH)D2, and 3′-epi-25(OH)D3], haemoglobin, and hsCRP levels. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) were significantly associated with circulating haemoglobin levels, while no association was found between total serum 25(OH)D and haemoglobin levels. However, when total 25(OH)D was separated into 3′-epimeric and non-3′-epimeric forms, 3′-epi-25(OH)D was significantly associated with haemoglobin levels, independently of age, sex, and BMI (P < 0.01). No association was found between non-3′-epi-25(OH)D and haemoglobin. When hsCRP was added to the model, the effect 3′-epi-25(OH)D on haemoglobin levels remained significant (P < 0.01). In conclusion, vitamin D epimers are associated with circulating haemoglobin levels, which supports the role of vitamin D in red blood cell and iron physiology.
Effect of straw biochar amendment on tobacco growth, soil properties, and rhizosphere bacterial communities
Authors: Zheng Jiayu , Zhang Jixu , Gao Lin , Wang Rui , Gao Jiaming , Dai Yanchen , Li Wei , Shen Guoming , Kong Fanyu , Zhang Jiguang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBiochar is an effective soil conditioner. However, we have limited understanding of biochar effects on the tobacco growth and bacterial communities in rhizosphere. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different straw biochar amendment (0, 2, 10, and 50 g/kg dry soil) on tobacco growth, soil properties, and bacterial communities in rhizosphere by pot trials. Most of tobacco agronomic traits increased when the application rate varied from 0 to 10 g/kg, but were inhibited by 50 g/kg of biochar application. Soil pH, SOC, available nutrients and soil urease, invertase, and acid phosphatase activities were all increased with the biochar application, whereas catalase activity decreased or remained unchanged. The OTUs and bacterial community diversity indices differed with the biochar application doses in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils. And significant differences in bacterial communities were found between the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils despite the biochar addition.Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria,Bacteroidetes, andActinobacteriawere the dominant phyla in all soil samples, but they had different abundances in different treatment influenced by the rhizosphere and biochar effect. The high dose of biochar (50 g/kg) decreased the similarity of soil bacterial community structure in rhizosphere compared with those in non-rhizosphere soil. These results provide a better understanding of the microecological benefits of straw biochar in tobacco ecosystem.
Calophyllaceae plastomes, their structure and insights in relationships within the clusioids
Authors: Trad Rafaela Jorge , Cabral Fernanda Nunes , Bittrich Volker , Silva Saura Rodrigues da , Amaral Maria do Carmo Estanislau do 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA complete chloroplast genome is not yet available for numerous species of plants. Among the groups that lack plastome information is the clusioid clade (Malpighiales), which includes five families: Bonnetiaceae, Calophyllaceae, Clusiaceae, Hypericaceae, and Podostemaceae. With around 2200 species, it has few published plastomes and most of them are from Podostemaceae. Here we assembled and compared six plastomes from members of the clusioids: five from Calophyllaceae (newly sequenced) and one from Clusiaceae. Putative regions for evolutionary studies were identified and the newly assembled chloroplasts were analyzed with other available chloroplasts for the group, focusing on Calophyllaceae. Our results mostly agree with recent studies which found a general conserved structure, except for the two Podostemaceae species that have a large inversion (trnK-UUU–rbcL) and lack one intron from ycf3. Within Calophyllaceae we observed a longer LSC and reduced IRs in Mahurea exstipulata, resulting in some genic rearrangement, and a short inversion (psbJ–psbE) in Kielmeyera coriacea. Phylogenetic analyses recovered the clusioids and the five families as monophyletic and revealed that conflicts in relationships reported in the literature for the group agree with nodes concentrating uninformative or conflicting gene trees. Our study brings new insights about clusioid plastome architecture and its evolution.
Neurocraft: software for microscale brain network dynamics
Authors: Sakellariou Dimitris Fotis , Vakrinou Angeliki , Koutroumanidis Michalis , Richardson Mark Phillip 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe brain operates at millisecond timescales but despite of that, the study of its functional networks is approached with time invariant methods. Equally, for a variety of brain conditions treatment is delivered with fixed temporal protocols unable to monitor and follow the rapid progression and therefore the cycles of a disease. To facilitate the understanding of brain network dynamics we developed Neurocraft, a user friendly software suite. Neurocraft features a highly novel signal processing engine fit for tracking evolving network states with superior time and frequency resolution. A variety of analytics like dynamic connectivity maps, force-directed representations and propagation models, allow for the highly selective investigation of transient pathophysiological dynamics. In addition, machine-learning tools enable the unsupervised investigation and selection of key network features at individual and group-levels. For proof of concept, we compared six seizure-free and non seizure-free focal epilepsy patients after resective surgery using Neurocraft. The network features were calculated using 50 intracranial electrodes on average during at least 120 epileptiform discharges lasting less than one second, per patient. Powerful network differences were detected in the pre-operative data of the two patient groups (effect size = 1.27), suggesting the predictive value of dynamic network features. More than one million patients are treated with cardiac and neuro modulation devices that are unable to track the hourly or daily changes in a subject’s disease. Decoding the dynamics of transition from normal to abnormal states may be crucial in the understanding, tracking and treatment of neurological conditions. Neurocraft provides a user-friendly platform for the research of microscale brain dynamics and a stepping stone for the personalised device-based adaptive neuromodulation in real-time.
Comparison of cognitive performance between patients with Parkinson’s disease and dystonia using an intraoperative recognition memory test
Authors: Shi Lin , Yuan Tianshuo , Fan Shiying , Diao Yu , Qin Guofan , Liu Defeng , Zhu Guanyu , Qin Kai , Liu Huanguang , Zhang Hua , Yang Anchao , Meng Fangang , Zhang Jianguo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNeuroscientific studies on the function of the basal ganglia often examine the behavioral performance of patients with movement disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dystonia (DT), while simultaneously examining the underlying electrophysiological activity during deep brain stimulation surgery. Nevertheless, to date, there have been no studies comparing the cognitive performance of PD and DT patients during surgery. In this study, we assessed the memory function of PD and DT patients with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). We also tested their cognitive performance during the surgery using a continuous recognition memory test. The results of the MoCA and MMSE failed to reveal significant differences between the PD and DT patients. Additionally, no significant difference was detected by the intraoperative memory test between the PD and DT patients. The intraoperative memory test scores were highly correlated with the MMSE scores and MoCA scores. Our data suggest that DT patients perform similarly to PD patients in cognitive tests during surgery, and intraoperative memory tests can be used as a quick memory assessment tool during surgery.
Optimizing drug selection from a prescription trajectory of one patient
Authors: Aguayo-Orozco Alejandro , Haue Amalie Dahl , Jørgensen Isabella Friis , Westergaard David , Moseley Pope Lloyd , Mortensen Laust Hvas , Brunak Søren 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIt is unknown how sequential drug patterns convey information on a patient’s health status and treatment guidelines rarely account for this. Drug-agnostic longitudinal analyses of prescription trajectories in a population-wide setting are needed. In this cohort study, we used 24 years of data (1.1 billion prescriptions) from the Danish prescription registry to model the risk of sequentially redeeming a drug after another. Drug pairs were used to build multistep longitudinal prescription trajectories. These were subsequently used to stratify patients and calculate survival hazard ratios between the stratified groups. The similarity between prescription histories was used to determine individuals’ best treatment option. Over the course of 122 million person-years of observation, we identified 9 million common prescription trajectories and demonstrated their predictive power using hypertension as a case. Among patients treated with agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system we identified four groups: patients prescribed angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor without change, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) without change, ACE with posterior change to ARB, and ARB posteriorly changed to ACE. In an adjusted time-to-event analysis, individuals treated with ACE compared to those treated with ARB had lower survival probability (hazard ratio, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.64–0.82]; P < 1 × 10−16). Replication in UK Biobank data showed the same trends. Prescription trajectories can provide novel insights into how individuals’ drug use change over time, identify suboptimal or futile prescriptions and suggest initial treatments different from first line therapies. Observations of this kind may also be important when updating treatment guidelines.
Taxus yunnanensis genome offers insights into gymnosperm phylogeny and taxol production
Authors: Song Chi , Fu Fangfang , Yang Lulu , Niu Yan , Tian Zhaoyang , He Xiangxiang , Yang Xiaoming , Chen Jie , Sun Wei , Wan Tao , Zhang Han , Yang Yicheng , Xiao Tian , Dossa Komivi , Meng Xiangxiao , Cao Fuliang , Van de Peer Yves , Wang Guibin , Chen Shilin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTaxol, a natural product derived from Taxus, is one of the most effective natural anticancer drugs and the biosynthetic pathway of Taxol is the basis of heterologous bio-production. Here, we report a high-quality genome assembly and annotation of Taxus yunnanensis based on 10.7 Gb sequences assembled into 12 chromosomes with contig N50 and scaffold N50 of 2.89 Mb and 966.80 Mb, respectively. Phylogenomic analyses show that T. yunnanensis is most closely related to Sequoiadendron giganteum among the sampled taxa, with an estimated divergence time of 133.4−213.0 MYA. As with most gymnosperms, and unlike most angiosperms, there is no evidence of a recent whole-genome duplication in T. yunnanensis. Repetitive sequences, especially long terminal repeat retrotransposons, are prevalent in the T. yunnanensis genome, contributing to its large genome size. We further integrated genomic and transcriptomic data to unveil clusters of genes involved in Taxol synthesis, located on the chromosome 12, while gene families encoding hydroxylase in the Taxol pathway exhibited significant expansion. Our study contributes to the further elucidation of gymnosperm relationships and the Taxol biosynthetic pathway.
Mitigating the non-specific uptake of immunomagnetic microparticles enables the extraction of endothelium from human fat
Authors: Antonyshyn Jeremy A. , Mazzoli Vienna , McFadden Meghan J. , Gramolini Anthony O. , Hofer Stefan O. P. , Simmons Craig A. , Santerre J. Paul 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEndothelial cells are among the fundamental building blocks for vascular tissue engineering. However, a clinically viable source of endothelium has continued to elude the field. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of sourcing autologous endothelium from human fat – an abundant and uniquely dispensable tissue that can be readily harvested with minimally invasive procedures. We investigate the challenges underlying the overgrowth of human adipose tissue-derived microvascular endothelial cells by stromal cells to facilitate the development of a reliable method for their acquisition. Magnet-assisted cell sorting strategies are established to mitigate the non-specific uptake of immunomagnetic microparticles, enabling the enrichment of endothelial cells to purities that prevent their overgrowth by stromal cells. This work delineates a reliable method for acquiring human adipose tissue-derived microvascular endothelial cells in large quantities with high purities that can be readily applied in future vascular tissue engineering applications.
Cognitive Measures and the Acceptable Noise Level
Authors: Hedrick Mark , Stigers Abbey , Grayless Brittany , Plyler Patrick , Bolden Jenn , Springer Cary 
Published: October 2021

Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine the relation between the acceptable noise level (ANL) and cognitive measures of auditory attention and working memory.

Design:
Young adults were administered the following tests: the ANL, the Digit Span and Letter–Number Sequencing subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition, the Auditory Attention subtest from the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities, the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT), and the operation span (OSPAN) test. A correlation matrix was constructed using Pearson coefficients.

Study sample:
Twenty-four young adults aged 20–29 years with normal hearing participated in the study.

Results:
No significant relationships were found among the ANL and the different cognitive tasks, nor was there a significant relation found between the ANL and the HINT. However, significant relationships were found between individual cognitive tasks. There was a significant relation found between selective attention and the most comfortable level of presentation of a story.

Conclusion:
Selective attention may be a key cognitive function in acceptance of background noise.
Hybrid‐adaptive differential evolution with decay function applied to transmission network expansion planning with renewable energy resources generation
Authors: Zhang Xuexia , Wang Xiaomei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs the country implements the reform of the electricity market and a large number of renewable energy resources (RES) are connected to the grid, the model and algorithm of traditional transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) are not suitable. A model of TNEP is built, in which the investment cost of new lines and the market‐based annual congestion surplus are selected as objective functions. A probabilistic DC power flow method is used to describe uncertainties of RES generation. A new algorithm, Hybrid‐Adaptive Differential Evolution with Decay Function (HyDE‐DF), is applied to solve the model of TNEP for the first time. Analysis and comparison in the IEEE 18‐bus system and the 52‐bus system in an area of Sichuan Province prove the feasibility, effectivity, and practicability of the model and solving algorithm. Some comparisons are performed using other variants of Differential Evolution (DE) and a swarm intelligence optimization algorithm to demonstrate the performance superiority of the new algorithm and new application. It is worth mentioning that in the 52‐bus system of an area of Sichuan Province, the investment cost obtained by the new algorithm is at least one or two orders of magnitude lower than other algorithms.
Compact dual‐layer substrate‐integrated waveguide bandpass filters with controllable transmission zeros
Authors: Liu Qing , Wei Jinjin , An Na , Tang Min , Zhang Dewei , Zhou Dongfang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA design method for compact substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filters (BPF) with controllable finite transmission zeros (FTZs) is proposed in this work, which is realised by a dual‐layer SIW structure with two single‐mode SIW cavities in the upper substrate and one dual‐mode SIW cavity in the lower substrate. A basic dual‐layer SIW BPF in box‐section coupling scheme is proposed and analysed. Two FTZs can be produced for the bypass couplings between the diagonal cross‐coupling paths. To enhance the cross‐coupling strength, a magnetic coupling window between the two single‐mode SIW cavities is designed. To further improve the selectivity of passband, a frequency‐dependent coupling is designed between the two single‐mode SIW cavities to produce an additional FTZ. Characteristics of the proposed dual‐layer SIW filters with controllable FTZs are analysed. For the demonstration, some design examples with the centre frequency of 7.5 GHz and bandwidth of 240 MHz are presented, and two design examples are fabricated to verify the performance of the proposed design method for compact dual‐layer SIW filters with controllable FTZs.
Sky–ground wave signal separation in enhanced Loran based on Levenberg–Marquart algorithm
Authors: Zhao Zhenzhu , Liu Jiangfan , Zhang Jinsheng , Xi Xiaoli 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study proposes a high‐precision algorithm used in enhanced Loran sky–ground wave separation based on the Levenberg–Marquart algorithm. The simulation results show that, compared with the existing algorithms, the algorithm proposed in this study has higher accuracy, especially in the case of a low signal‐to‐noise ratio. Furthermore, when the skywave of enhanced Loran has at least a 35 μs time delay compared with the groundwave, the performance of the algorithm is significantly better than that of other algorithms. Analysis of an actual signal showed that the average correlation coefficient was greater than 99% and that the signal was successfully separated.