bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Lower Grade Insular Glioma Molecular Pathology Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging Metric-Based Histogram Parameters
Authors: Huang Zhenxing , Lu Changyu , Li Gen , Li Zhenye , Sun Shengjun , Zhang Yazhuo , Hou Zonggang , Xie Jian 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesTo explore whether a simplified lesion delineation method and a set of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metric-based histogram parameters (mean, 25th percentile, 75th percentile, skewness, and kurtosis) are efficient at predicting the molecular pathology status (MGMT methylation, IDH mutation, TERT promoter mutation, and 1p19q codeletion) of lower grade insular gliomas (grades II and III).Methods40 lower grade insular glioma patients in two medical centers underwent preoperative DTI scanning. For each patient, the entire abnormal area in their b-non (b0) image was defined as region of interest (ROI), and a set of histogram parameters were calculated for two DTI metrics, fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). Then, we compared how these DTI metrics varied according to molecular pathology and glioma grade, with their predictive performance individually and jointly assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves. The reliability of the combined prediction was evaluated by the calibration curve and Hosmer and Lemeshow test.ResultsThe mean, 25th percentile, and 75th percentile of FA were associated with glioma grade, while the mean, 25th percentile, 75th percentile, and skewness of both FA and MD predicted IDH mutation. The mean, 25th percentile, and 75th percentile of FA, and all MD histogram parameters significantly distinguished TERT promoter status. Similarly, all MD histogram parameters were associated with 1p19q status. However, none of the parameters analyzed for either metric successfully predicted MGMT methylation. The 25th percentile of FA yielded the highest prediction efficiency for glioma grade, IDH mutation, and TERT promoter mutation, while the 75th percentile of MD gave the best prediction of 1p19q codeletion. The combined prediction could enhance the discrimination of grading, IDH and TERT mutation, and also with a good fitness.ConclusionsOverall, more invasive gliomas showed higher FA and lower MD values. The simplified ROI delineation method presented here based on the combination of appropriate histogram parameters yielded a more practical and efficient approach to predicting molecular pathology in lower grade insular gliomas. This approach could help clinicians to determine the extent of tumor resection required and reduce complications, enabling more precise treatment of insular gliomas in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Overnight Continuous Saline Bladder Irrigation After En Bloc Resection of Bladder Tumor Does Not Improve Oncological Outcomes in Patients Who Have Received Intravesical Chemotherapy
Authors: Yang Yongjun , Liu Chao , Yan Xiaoting , Li Jiawei , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of overnight continuous saline bladder irrigation (CSBI) for patients who have received thulium laser en bloc resection of bladder tumor (TmLRBT) combined with immediate intravesical chemotherapy previously.MethodsFrom October 2014 to June 2018, 235 patients with newly diagnosed non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) were included in this retrospective study. All patients received intravesical instillation of pirarubicin immediately after TmLRBT. The patients were divided into two groups according to the duration of postoperative bladder irrigation with normal saline. After immediate intravesical chemotherapy, patients in group 1 received overnight CSBI, while patients in group 2 did not receive overnight CSBI. Data on the time of initial tumor recurrence, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates, and perioperative complications were collected and analyzed.ResultsOf 235 included patients (129 in group 1 and 106 in group 2), the median follow-up periods were 42 and 38 months, respectively. There were no significant differences in patients’ baseline characteristics between the two groups. The RFS rates of patients in group 1 were 90.7, 82.7, and 76.8% at the end of the first, third, and fifth years, while the corresponding RFS rates of patients in group 2 were 87.7, 78.9, and 73.3%, respectively. Four patients in group 1 and five patients in group 2 experienced tumor progression. No significant differences between the two groups were observed in the time of initial tumor recurrence, RFS, and PFS rates. Only Grade I complications occurred in the two groups, and no significant difference was reached between the two groups.ConclusionsFor patients with NMIBC who have previously received TmLRBT combined with immediate intravesical chemotherapy, overnight CSBI may not improve oncological outcomes and reduce perioperative complications.
Pharmacogenetics–Based Preliminary Algorithm to Predict the Incidence of Infection in Patients Receiving Cytotoxic Chemotherapy for Hematological Malignancies: A Discovery Cohort
Authors: Martinez Matias F. , Alveal Enzo , Soto Tomas G. , Bustamante Eva I. , Ávila Fernanda , Bangdiwala Shrikant I. , Flores Ivonne , Monterrosa Claudia , Morales Ricardo , Varela Nelson M. , Fohner Alison E. , Quiñones Luis A. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Infections in hematological cancer patients are common and usually life-threatening; avoiding them could decrease morbidity, mortality, and cost. Genes associated with antineoplastics’ pharmacokinetics or with the immune/inflammatory response could explain variability in infection occurrence.Objective: To build a pharmacogenetic-based algorithm to predict the incidence of infections in patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy.Methods: Prospective cohort study in adult patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy to treat leukemia, lymphoma, or myeloma in two hospitals in Santiago, Chile. We constructed the predictive model using logistic regression. We assessed thirteen genetic polymorphisms (including nine pharmacokinetic—related genes and four inflammatory response-related genes) and sociodemographic/clinical variables to be incorporated into the model. The model’s calibration and discrimination were used to compare models; they were assessed by the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test and area under the ROC curve, respectively, in association with Pseudo-R2.Results: We analyzed 203 chemotherapy cycles in 50 patients (47.8 ± 16.1 years; 56% women), including 13 (26%) with acute lymphoblastic and 12 (24%) with myeloblastic leukemia.Pharmacokinetics-related polymorphisms incorporated into the model were CYP3A4 rs2242480C&gt;T and OAT4 rs11231809T&gt;A. Immune/inflammatory response-related polymorphisms were TLR2 rs4696480T&gt;A and IL-6 rs1800796C&gt;G. Clinical/demographic variables incorporated into the model were chemotherapy type and cycle, diagnosis, days in neutropenia, age, and sex. The Pseudo-R2 was 0.56, the p-value of the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was 0.98, showing good goodness-of-fit, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.93, showing good diagnostic accuracy.Conclusions: Genetics can help to predict infections in patients undergoing chemotherapy. This algorithm should be validated and could be used to save lives, decrease economic costs, and optimize limited health resources.
Development of Nationwide Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk Evaluation Methods with Comprehensive Past Asbestos Exposure Reconstruction
Authors: Kang Dongmug , Lee Seung Ho , Kim Yoon Ji , Kim Tae Kyoung , Kim Ju Young , Kim Youngki 
Published: March 2021

Although exposure to asbestos via various routes has been acknowledged, comprehensive exposure and risk assessment methods have not been developed at the national level. We conducted a study to reconstruct comprehensive past asbestos exposure estimations and to suggest a method to calculate the Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) of Koreans. The past occupational exposure reconstruction was conducted by rebuilding the previous general population job-exposure matrix (JEM). The para-occupational and household exposure estimation was based on the pooled analysis of data from other countries as well as Korea. The neighborhood exposure from occupational sources by distance was estimated by the exponential decay model. As a result, 141 JEM exposure groups across four periods including ~79, the 80s, 90s, 2000s with a ratio of 2.0:1.0:0.5:0.05 were reconstructed. The para-occupational and household exposures were 11% and 1% of the JEM respectively. The environmental exposure source concentration from outside occupational exposure was 2.5% of the inside concentration. The ratio of the concentration of environmental exposure source (C0) to distance d (Cd) was exp−kd with a decay constant k of 6.834. The mean concentrations (f/cc) were 2.28 × 10−3 for outdoor, 4.65 × 10−5 for indoor, 1.95 × 10−2 for transportation activity, 4.44 × 10−2 for agricultural activity, and 4.68 × 10−2 for daily life activity in naturally occurring asbestos areas. Indoor and outdoor asbestos concentrations from living in a slate roof house were 1.73 × 10−6 and 2.70 × 10−8, respectively. For improved generalizability, validity, and applicability of the proposed method, further studies on each route with real assessments and experiments are required.
GAMBARAN KADAR UREUM DAN KREATININ SERUM PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIS (GGK) YANG MENJALANI TERAPI HEMODIALISIS DI RSUD SANJIWANI GIANYAR
Authors: Arjani Ida 
Published: March 2021

The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste from the body such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine. When these organs stop functioning properly, waste builds up to high levels in the blood. In patients with kidney failure are usually equipped with a blood chemistry that urea and serum creatinine as an amplifier diagnosis of the patient's illness. CKD is the progressive loss of function of kidney and patient requires a long treatment in the form of renal replacement therapy. Hemodialysis is one of the renal replacement therapy, during waste products of the body are removed. Patients with kidney failure are associated with increased levels of some biochemical parameters. In several studies, urea and creatinine serum of CKD patients pre-dialysis revealed abnormal levels and indicated hyperuremic.
Therefore, this study was aimed to analyzed urea and creatinine serum in CKD patient undergoing hemodialysis in Sanjiwani Hospital. A description study, used purposive sampling methods, involving 30 patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. Blood samples were analyzed for urea and creatinin level. Data are presented as table.
Results of this study showed that all samples (100%) had serum urea and creatinine levels high or exceed the normal limits. While of urea/creatinine levels as many as 20 patients (66,7%) had low ratio, 7 patients (23,3%) had a normal ratio, and 3 patients (10%) have a high ratio, so that it can be concluded that all patients had hyperuremic.

Key words: Urea, Creatinine, Hemodialysis
EFEK ANTI JAMUR AIR RENDAMAN DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR Trichophyton mentagrophytes SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Inyoman Jirna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Moringa oleifera is a plant that all parts can be used for medicinal purposes. Roots, flowers, bark, stems, leaves and seeds of Moringa has antimicrobial properties. Compound content in leaves of moringa, such as tannin,steroid, alkaloid, saponins ,and flavonoids .
ObjectiveThe purpose of this research was to know the different of Trichophyton mentagrophytes growth on various leaves of moringa (Moringa oleifera) concentration extract.
Methods This research uses a true experimental with post test only kontrol group design. The antifungal activity test use diffusion disk method, these were divided into four test group with concentration 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% and two kontrol group were positive kontrol (ketokonazole 2%) and negatif kontrol (sterile distilled water).
The result of this study showed that the average diameter of inhibition zone of concentration 25% until 100% is 0 mm. Statistic analysis was done by using Kolmogorof Smirnov test and Kruskal Wallis test. The test showed there was not a significant mean difference between group. All consentration haven’t an effect on Trichophyton mentagrophytes growth inhibition zone diameter.
For next research with same topics using pure extract leaves of moringa was recommended.

Keywords: Inhibition zone, Moringa oleifera, Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK DAUN KENIKIR (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Lutpiatina Leka , Amaliah Nur Rizqi , Dwiyanti Ratih Dewi 
Published: March 2021

Daun kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) sudah lama dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk dikonsumsi maupun pengobatan tradisional. Daun kenikir memiliki kandungan fenol, flavonoid, saponin dan tanin yang berfungsi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi hambat minimal dan konsentrasi bunuh minimal ekstrak daun kenikir terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus secara in vitro. Penelitian ini bersifat true eksperiment dengan rancangan postest only control group design. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi ekstrak daun kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.). Variabel terikat dalam penelitian ini adalah bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Hasil penelitian Konsentrasi Hambat Minimal (KHM) menunjukkan kekeruhan pada konsentrasi 160 mg/ml, 320 mg/ml dan adanya kejernihan pada konsentrasi 340 mg/ml, 380 mg/ml dan 400 mg/ml. Hasil penelitian Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimal (KBM) diperoleh jumlah koloni pada konsentrasi 160 mg/ml sebanyak 60 CFU/ml, 320 mg/ml sebanyak 12 CFU/ml, 340 mg/ml sebanyak 3 CFU/ml, 380 mg/ml sebanyak 0 CFU/ml dan 400 mg/ml sebanyak 0 CFU/ml. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa KHM ekstrak daun kenikir adalah 340 mg/ml dan KBM ekstrak daun kenikir adalah 380 mg/ml. Disarankan dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai pengaruh ekstrak daun kenikir terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus adalah dengan menggunakan pelarut lain.
GAMBARAN KADAR KREATININ SERUM PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT SANGLAH DENPASAR
Authors: Arjani Ida 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTBackground Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease which characterized by hyperglycemia due to abnormalities insulin secretions, insulin performance, or both of them. The condition of insulin resistance in DM type 2 causes chronic complications such as diabetic nephropathy. It has become the second leading cause of end-stage kidney disease, and one of the most common and demaging complication of diabetes. The level of creatinine in blood is one of the parameters used to assess renal function, as in the plasma concentration and excretion in the urine within 24 hours. Serum creatinine levels greater than the normal value suggests an impaired renal function. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine serum creatinine levels in patients with DM type 2 in Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar. Methods The method uses an analytical study with description, used accidental sampling methods, involving 30 patients with DM type 2. Blood samples were analyzed for creatinine levels and data are presented as table. The reslts of this study showed that 60% samples had high levels of serum creatinine, 30% samples had normal levels serum creatinine, and 10% samples had low levels serum creatinine. From the result was concluded, most patients with DM type 2 in Sanglah Genaral Hospital have highly serum creatinine levels. Keywords: creatinine serum, DM type 2
Correlation between personality traits in parents and symptoms of autism in children
Authors: Pondé Milena Pereira , Oliveira Sabrina Calmon , Merelles Saulo Leal , Marcelino Siquara Gustavo 
Published: March 2021

Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder may be more likely to have a mental disorder, both due to genetic and environmental reasons. A cross-sectional study involving 161 children, 161 mothers and 108 fathers. Diagnosis followed the criteria established in DSM–5. Symptom severity was evaluated using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale. The Factorial Personality Inventory served to evaluate parents’ personality traits. Several correlations were found between mothers and fathers personality traits and children symptoms. In both parents, personality traits associated with greater intransigence/less flexibility and fewer social skills were those associated with more severe autism symptoms in the children.
Total Nephron Number and Single-Nephron Parameters in Patients with IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Marumoto Hirokazu , Tsuboi Nobuo , D’Agati Vivette D. , Sasaki Takaya , Okabayashi Yusuke , Haruhara Kotaro , Kanzaki Go , Koike Kentaro , Shimizu Akira , Kawamura Tetsuya , Rule Andrew D. , Bertram John F. , Yokoo Takashi 
Published: March 2021

Key Points

This is the first study that estimated total nephron number and related single-nephron parameters in patients with IgA nephropathy.Associations of nephron-level parameters with CKD stage and clinicopathologic findings were cross-sectionally investigated.This study illustrates the feasibility and usefulness of estimating single-nephron dynamics in human GN.

Background
Single-nephron dynamics in progressive IgA nephropathy (IgAN) have not been studied. We applied novel methodology to explore single-nephron parameters in IgAN.

Methods
Nonglobally sclerotic glomeruli (NSG) and globally sclerotic glomeruli (GSG) per kidney were estimated using cortical volume assessment via unenhanced computed tomography and biopsy-based stereology. Estimated single-nephron GFR (eSNGFR) and single-nephron urine protein excretion (SNUPE) were calculated by dividing eGFR and UPE by the number of NSG. Associations with CKD stage and clinicopathologic findings were cross-sectionally investigated.

Results
This study included 245 patients with IgAN (mean age 43 years, 62% male, 45% on renin-angiotensin aldosterone system [RAAS] inhibitors prebiopsy) evaluated at kidney biopsy. CKD stages were 10% CKD1, 43% CKD2, 19% CKD3a, 14% CKD3b, and 14% CKD4–5. With advancing CKD stage, NSG decreased from mean 992,000 to 300,000 per kidney, whereas GSG increased from median 64,000 to 202,000 per kidney. In multivariable models, advancing CKD stage associated with lower numbers of NSG, higher numbers of GSG, and lower numbers of GSG + NSG, indicating potential resorption of sclerosed glomeruli. In contrast to the higher mean glomerular volume and markedly elevated SNUPE in advanced CKD, the eSNGFR was largely unaffected by CKD stage. Lower SNGFR associated with Oxford scores for endocapillary hypercellularity and crescents, whereas higher SNUPE associated with segmental glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial scarring.

Conclusions
SNUPE emerged as a sensitive biomarker of advancing IgAN. The failure of eSNGFR to increase in response to reduced number of functioning nephrons suggests limited capacity for compensatory hyperfiltration by diseased glomeruli with intrinsic lesions.
Effects of Montmorillonite and Cane Sugar Composition on The Properties of Montmorillonite-Carbon Sulfonate Catalyst
Authors: Ferdinan Rizan , Utami Putri Qodria , Riyanti Fahma , Yuliasari Nova , Hasanudin Hasanudin 
Published: March 2021

The influence of montmorillonite and cane sugar mixture with composition of 1:3, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 to the characteristics of the synthesized montmorillonite-carbon sulfonate composite catalyst had been investigated. The mixture of montmorillonite and cane sugar was carbonized at 400 oC for 15 hours and then sulfonated using sulfuric acid at 175 oC for 15 hours. The presence of sulfonate group was detected using FT-IR and the surface topology of the catalyst was characterized using SEM-EDX. FT-IR spectra showed the existence of sulfonate group at wave number of 1095 cm-1. SEM-EDX analysis showed that the catalyst with the montmorillonite and cane sugar ratio of 1:2 consisted of 1.06% sulfur. The catalyst activity was examined using an esterification reaction between acetic acid and ethanol, and the reaction products were characterized using GC-MS. The chromatogram peak at m/z = 88 confirmed that the product was ethyl acetate. Catalyst with the montmorillonite and cane sugar ratio of 1:2 was shown to have the highest acidity and gave the highest esterification product with 76.97% conversion.
Spin Hall effect in amorphous YPt alloy
Authors: Shirokura Takanori , Fujiwara Kou , Nam Hai Pham 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We investigated the spin Hall effect (SHE) in amorphous YPt alloy. In amorphous YPt thin films with various resistivity and thickness, we observed strong sensitivity of the effective spin Hall angle to resistivity, which was found to be governed by the intrinsic mechanism with large intrinsic spin Hall conductivity of 700 ± 100 Ω−1 cm−1 and the extrinsic side-jump mechanism with opposite polarity. Despite the amorphous nature, the measured spin relaxation length in YPt is 0.9 nm, which is longer than that expected for crystallized Pt-based alloys with the same resistivity. Our results highlight the importance of the intrinsic mechanism to the SHE in amorphous alloys.
The promising thermoelectric performance of newly synthesized bulk SrCu2GeSe4 and BaCu2SnSe4 associated with superior band degeneracy
Authors: Wang Cong , Ding Guangqian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The thermoelectric transport properties with the variations of carrier concentration, temperature and strain of bulk SrCu2GeSe4 and BaCu2SnSe4 are studied by using the first-principles calculations with the Boltzmann transport equation. A multi-valley degenerate valence band is gained for BaCu2SnSe4, which is responsible for its comparatively high power factor. The power factor of p-type doped SrCu2GeSe4 is enhanced to 35 μW cm−1 K−2 when applying a 2% tensile strain at 300 K. The ZT values of 1.01 (0.94) and 1.60 (1.36) are acquired at 700 K for n- and p-type BaCu2SnSe4 (SrCu2GeSe4), respectively, predicting that both the two compounds are hopeful thermoelectric materials.
Revista Vol 10 No 3. Didáctica comprensivo edificadora - DCE
Authors: De la Herrán Gascón Agustín 
Published: March 2021

HACIA UNA DIDÁCTICA COMPRENSIVO EDIFICADORA. artículo de reflexión propositiva elaborado por el académico Julio César Arboleda, Director Red Iberoamericana de Pedagogía, Grupo de Investigación Redipe. A la luz de orientaciones tales como las pedagogías mesoaxiológica, de la alteridad, radical - inclusiva, y en particular la perspectiva comprensivo edificadora (PCE) de la educación y la formación que el autor ha venido proponiendo en la última década, este documento, de carácter crítico y propositivo, expone algunas deudas de la didáctica, atada a la soberbia de la racionalidad y el pensamiento moderno, así como ideas, conceptos y estratagemas para una didáctica otra que tenga al ser humano, la vida y la existencia como piedra angular y sentido que impulsa sus ocupaciones como dominio multisaber en torno a la enseñanza, la formación y los aprendizajes.