bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Z‐plasty contributes to the coalescence of a chronic non‐healing wound
Authors: Zhang Xinling , Wang Guanhuier , Sun Yidan , Ding Pengbing , Yang Xin , Zhao Zhenmin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the treatment effect of Z‐plasty on a non‐healing wound. A total of 72 patients diagnosed with a chronic non‐healing wound in Peking University Third Hospital from November 2009 to August 2019 were retrospectively analysed. Among them, 27 patients were treated with Z‐plasty, and 45 patients were treated with the general method. Detailed patient information was retrieved from medical records, including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), alcohol, smoking, and comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart disease). Surgical parameters included operation time and intraoperative blood loss. Wound swelling, epidermal blisters, wound edge colour, and skin temperature at 1 day after surgery were assessed to evaluate the blood supply of the wound. Surgical complications included infection, haematoma, dehiscence, and non‐healing within 2 weeks postoperatively. Student t test (for continuous data) and Chi‐square test (for categorical data) were conducted to determine the statistical difference. We found no significant differences in age, gender, BMI, alcohol, smoking, and comorbidities between the two groups. Z‐plasty did not show any advantages in the surgical time, invasive blood loss, hospital days, and hospitalisation expenses. The incidence of abnormal wound edge colour with Z‐plasty was significantly lower than that with the general treatment (P < .05), and the Z‐plasty enables better healing of the patient's wound (P < .05). Z‐plasty promoted better recovery of chronic non‐healing wounds than direct suturing.
Diabetes management by either telemedicine or clinic visit improved glycemic control during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic state of emergency in Japan
Authors: Onishi Yukiko , Yoshida Yoko , Takao Toshiko , Tahara Tazu , Kikuchi Takako , Kobori Toshiko , Kubota Tetsuya , Shimmei Asuka , Iwamoto Masahiko , Kasuga Masato 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this retrospective cohort study at a Tokyo diabetes clinic was to evaluate the effect of telemedicine and clinic visit on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) during the coronavirus disease 2019 state of emergency. The effect of telemedicine and clinic visit during the emergency period on the post‐emergency measured HbA1c was evaluated by multiple regression models and logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, type of diabetes, pre‐emergency HbA1c and body mass index, and body mass index change during the emergency period. Among 2,727 patients who visited the clinic before and after the emergency period, the interval between clinic visits during the emergency period was significantly associated with HbA1c improvement. Telemedicine and clinic visit were independently associated with HbA1c improvement when pre‐emergency HbA1c was ≥7%. In conclusion, clinic visit and telemedicine during the coronavirus disease 2019 emergency period were both independently effective in HbA1c improvement in Japanese diabetes patients who had insufficient HbA1c control.
Scenario‐based extreme flood risk analysis of Xiong'an New Area in northern China
Authors: Wu Feng , Guo Naliang , Kumar Pankaj , Niu Lulu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWeather disasters, with floods amongst the most destructive, are increasingly being correlated with climate change. Flood warning measures, for which accurate simulation of flood evolution processes is required, are crucial to avoid human and economic losses. Xiong'an New Area was developed as a hub in northern China, implying an influx of residents and increased economic activity. However, this area is located downstream of the Baiyangdian Lake Basin; therefore, evaluating the flood risk here is vital. We applied a hydrodynamic model in our study and, to simulate the flood inundation process, we employed terrain spatial resolution; we calibrated and validated the model parameters using AnXin hydrological observation data. The results showed a relative water‐level error of 5.25%, indicating our model was largely reliable. We calculated the annual exceedance probability of peak discharge against the magnitude and frequency of historical flood‐peak streamflow in the basin. We simulated the flood submerged area under three scenarios, that is, return periods of 10, 50, and 100 years, and compared the effects of floods under these scenarios against the urban development planning of Xiong'an New Area. Our results provide practical guidance for flood control planning and crucial insight for urban planning in Xiong'an New Area.
Rent Extraction with Securities Plus Cash
Authors: LIU TINGJUN , BERNHARDT DAN 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTIn our target‐initiated theory of takeovers, a target approaches potential acquirers that privately know their standalone values and merger synergies, where higher synergy acquirers tend to have larger standalone values. Despite their information disadvantage, targets can extract all surplus when synergies and standalone values are concavely related by offering payment choices that are combinations of cash and equity. Targets exploit the reluctance of high‐valuation acquirers to cede equity claims, inducing them to bid more cash. When synergies and standalone values are not concavely related, sellers can gain by combining cash with securities that are more information sensitive than equities.
Clinicopathological aspects of primary mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the salivary gland: A retrospective single‐center analysis of 72 cases
Authors: Zhang Chunye , Xia Ronghui , Gu Ting , Wang Lizhen , Tian Zhen , Zhu Ling , Han Jing , Hu Yuhua , Wang Yu , Sun Jingjing , Li Jiang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundSalivary gland extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT lymphoma) is uncommon and has not been studied extensively. We aimed to investigate the features of clinicopathological and molecular changes of salivary MALT lymphoma.MethodsSeventy‐two cases of primary salivary MALT lymphoma that had clinicopathological information available were utilized in this study. MALT1 gene translocation, trisomy 3, and trisomy 18 were detected by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software package.ResultsThe ratio of male to female was 1:2.8, and the median age was 57.0 years. 12.5% (9/72) of the patients presented with multiple swellings. Among the others with solitary mass, the parotid gland was involved most frequently (47/63,74.6%), followed by the palate (7/63, 11.1%). 34.7% of patients had an autoimmune disease, with Sjögren syndrome (SS) being the most common. Among the 70 cases successfully performed, it was identified that trisomy 3 was the most frequent molecular change (41/70, 58.6%), followed by trisomy 18 (7/70, 10%) and MALT1 translocation (5/70, 7.1%). The tumor tissue tended to exhibit trisomy 3 in patients without SS (p = 0.038). The 5‐year overall survival was 94.1%, and the 5‐year disease‐free survival was 85.3% (mean follow‐up time: 104.7 months). The patients without SS and trisomy 18 had a prolonged recurrence‐free survival (p = 0.015, p = 0.001 respectively).ConclusionSalivary gland MALT lymphoma is associated with autoimmune diseases, and trisomy 3 is the most common genetic change. Trisomy 18 can be used to predict the possibility of tumor relapse.
TLR‐4 targeting contributes to the recovery of osteoimmunology in periodontitis
Authors: Yang Xi , Tao Xiaoan , Qi Weijuan , Liu Zhao , Wang Yamin , Han Qianqian , Xu Chenrong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the potential role of TLR‐4 in the osteoimmunological imbalance of periodontitis.BackgroundAlthough current evidence supports that TLR‐4 plays an important role in the inflammatory response of periodontal tissues triggered by microorganisms, little information is available regarding the function of TLR‐4 in the osteoimmune regulation of homeostasis in periodontitis.MethodsHuman gingival epithelial cells (HGEC) were isolated from the gingival tissues of 3 healthy volunteers and the expression of osteoclastogenic cytokines was evaluated by ELISA and real time RT‐PCR. In addition, 30 C57BL/6 mice were used and randomly divided into three groups: control group, periodontitis group (CP) and periodontitis+TAK‐242 (a specific inhibitor of TLR‐4) group (TAK‐242) and the expression of osteoclastogenic cytokines and the osteoclast density in the periodontal tissue were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase staining. Moreover, micro‐computed tomography (Micro‐CT) was used to assess bone resorption.ResultsThe in vitro results showed that TAK‐242 blocked the overproduction of IL‐1, IL‐6, TNF‐α and RANKL in HGEC treated with LPS. The in vivo results revealed that TAK‐242 also effectively decreased these osteoclastogenic cytokines in periodontal tissue of mice with periodontitis. More importantly, Micro‐CT analysis showed a significant reduction of the alveolar bone loss in the TAK‐242 group compared with the CP group. Furthermore, the TRAP staining showed a significant lower density of osteoclasts in the alveolar bone area of the TAK‐242 group.ConclusionTLR‐4 inhibition decreased the differentiation of osteoclast through the inhibition of the overproduction of osteoclastogenic cytokines and the prevention of the alveolar bone absorption in mouse periodontitis models. Therefore, the use of TAK‐242 might contribute to the recovery of the osteoimmunological homeostasis and might provide a potential strategy to treat periodontal diseases.
Protective mechanisms of Taiwanese green propolis toward high glucose‐induced inflammation via NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway in human gingival fibroblasts
Authors: Vo Thi Thuy Tien , Lee Chiang‐Wen , Chiang Yao‐Chang , Chen Yue‐Wen , Yu Yu‐Hsiang , Tuan Vo Phuoc , Wu Ching‐Zong , Lee I‐Ta 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate protective effects of Taiwanese green propolis (TGP) against high glucose‐induced inflammatory responses in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) through NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway.BackgroundNLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in the progression of both diabetesmellitusand periodontitis, suggesting a common potential therapeutic target for these diseases. Propolis is renowned for various biological activities, particularly anti‐inflammation and antioxidant, representing a promising therapy for many conditions. However, underlying mechanisms remain unclear.MethodsThe cytotoxicity of TGP was evaluated by cell viability assay. The mRNA levels and protein expression or secretion of various inflammatory molecules and NLRP3 inflammasome‐related molecules in high glucose‐exposed HGFs with or without pretreatment of TGP (5 μg/ml) were determined by real‐time PCR and western blot or specific kits, respectively. Intracellular and mitochondrial ROS measurements, NADPH oxidase activity determination, and subcellular fractions were performed to assess ROS generation. The transcriptional activity of NF‐κB was measured by luciferase reporter kit. The signaling components were further differentiated using pharmacological inhibitors of ROS and small interfering RNAs of TLR2, TLR4, or NF‐κB.ResultsHigh glucose could induce IL‐1β‐driven inflammatory responses in HGFs via the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome regulated by TLR2/TLR4 coupled ROS in NF‐κB‐dependent manner. TGP had no adverse impact on the cell viability of HGFs at concentrations no greater than 10 μg/ml, and could exert inhibitory effects on high glucose‐induced inflammatory responses via the interruption of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway.ConclusionTaiwanese green propolis could elicit protective effects against IL‐1β‐driven inflammation in high glucose‐exposed HGFs through TLR2/TLR4 combined ROS/NF‐κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
Clinical findings, neurological manifestations and survival of dogs with insulinoma: 116 cases (2009‐2020)
Authors: Ryan D. , Pérez‐Accino J. , Gonçalves R. , Czopowicz M. , Bertolani C. , Tabar M. D. , Puig J. , Ros C. , Suñol A. 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesTo review the clinical findings and outcome in dogs diagnosed with insulinoma, and to assess which factors are predictors of overall survival. Additionally, to describe the neurological manifestations of this population and their correlation with survival.Materials and MethodsRetrospective multicentric study of canine insulinoma cases (2009 to 2020). Signalment, clinical history, neurological examination, diagnostic findings, treatment and outcome were obtained from clinical records. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to compare the overall survival.ResultsOne hundred and sixteen cases were included. Median duration of clinical signs before presentation was 1.5 months. The most common presenting clinical signs were weakness (59.5%), epileptic seizures (33.6%) and changes in consciousness or behaviour (27.6%). Three dogs were suspected to have paroxysmal dyskinesia. Thirty‐two dogs had an abnormal neurological examination, most commonly showing obtundation (28.1%), decreased withdrawal reflexes (21.9%) and absent menace response (18.8%). Overall survival for dogs undergoing surgery (20 months) was significantly longer than in medically treated (8 months; adjusted hazard ratio: 0.33; 95% confidence interval: 0.18, 0.59). Presence of metastases was the only other variable associated with prognosis (adjusted hazard ratio 1.72; 95% confidence interval: 1.02, 2.91).Clinical SignificanceClinical signs of canine insulinoma are vague and non‐specific. Weakness, epileptic seizures and changes in mentation or behaviour were the most commonly reported. Obtunded mentation and forebrain neurolocalisation were the main neurological manifestations. Dogs undergoing surgery had a longer overall survival compared to medically treated cases, and dogs with metastasis had a shorter overall survival regardless of treatment modality. Abnormalities in the neurological examination did not correlate with prognosis.
Investigation of spatio‐temporal clusters of positive leptospirosis polymerase chain reaction test results in dogs in the United States, 2009 to 2016
Authors: Smith Amanda M. , Stull Jason W. , Evason Michelle D. , Weese J. Scott , Wittum Thomas E. , Szlosek Donald , Arruda Andréia Gonçalves 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundLeptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of concern and an investigation of recent spatio‐temporal trends of leptospirosis in dogs in the United States is needed. Leptospira PCR testing has become increasingly used in veterinary clinical medicine and these data might provide information on recent trends of disease occurrence.ObjectivesTo identify and describe clusters of PCR‐positive Leptospira test results in dogs in the United States.AnimalsLeptospira real‐time PCR test results from dogs (n = 40 118) in the United States from IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., between 2009 and 2016 were included in the analysis.MethodsIn this retrospective study, spatio‐temporal clusters for a real‐time PCR‐positive test were identified using the space‐time permutation scan statistic and the centroid of the zip code reported for each test. A maximum spatial window of 20% of the population at risk, and a maximum temporal window of 6 months were used.ResultsSeven statistically significant space‐time clusters of Leptospira real‐time PCR‐positive test results were identified across the United States: 1 each located within the states of Arizona (2016), California (2014‐2015), Florida (2010), South Carolina (2015), and 1 each located within the south‐central region (2015), midwest region (2014), and northeast region (2011). Clusters ranged from 3 to 108 dogs and were identified during all years under study, except 2009, 2012, and 2013.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe spatial and temporal components of leptospirosis in dogs in this study are similar to those in previous work. However, clusters were identified in new areas, demonstrating the complex epidemiology of this disease.
Liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin in cats with chronic kidney disease and hyperthyroidism
Authors: Kongtasai Thirawut , Meyer Evelyne , Paepe Dominique , Marynissen Sofie , Smets Pascale , Mortier Femke , Demeyere Kristel , Vandermeulen Eva , Stock Emmelie , Buresova Eva , Defauw Pieter , Duchateau Luc , Daminet Sylvie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundLiver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein (L‐FABP) and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL) are candidate biomarkers for the detection of early chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats.ObjectiveTo evaluate urinary and serum L‐FABP and NGAL concentrations in CKD cats and in hyperthyroid cats before and after radioiodine (131I) treatment.AnimalsNine CKD cats, 45 healthy cats and hyperthyroid cats at 3 time points including before (T0, n = 49), 1 month (T1, n = 49), and 11 to 29 months after (T2, n = 26)131I treatment.MethodsCross‐sectional and longitudinal study. Serum L‐FABP (sL‐FABP), serum NGAL (sNGAL), urinary L‐FABP (uL‐FABP), and urinary NGAL (uNGAL) were compared between the 3 groups and between hyperthyroid cats before and after treatment. Data are reported as median (min‐max).ResultsCKD cats had significantly higher sL‐FABP (13.50 [3.40‐75.60] ng/ml) and uL‐FABP/Cr (4.90 [0.97‐2139.44] µg/g) than healthy cats (4.25 [1.34‐23.25] ng/ml;P= .01 and 0.46 [0.18‐9.13] µg/g;P< .001, respectively). Hyperthyroid cats at T0 had significantly higher uL‐FABP/Cr (0.94 [0.15‐896.00] µg/g) than healthy cats (P < .001), thereafter uL‐FABP/Cr significantly decreased at T2 (0.54 [0.10‐76.41] µg/g,P= .002). For the detection of CKD, uL‐FABP/Cr had 100% (95% confidence interval [CI], 66.4‐100.0) sensitivity and 93.2% (95% CI, 81.3‐98.6) specificity. There were no significant differences in sNGAL and uNGAL/Cr between the 3 groups.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceL‐FABP, but not NGAL, is a potential biomarker for the detection of early CKD in cats. Utility of uL‐FABP to predict azotemia after treatment in hyperthyroid cats remains unknown.
Prevalence and determinants of concurrent wasting and stunting and other indicators of malnutrition among children 6–59 months old in Kersa, Ethiopia
Authors: Roba Aklilu Abrham , Assefa Nega , Dessie Yadeta , Tolera Abebe , Teji Kedir , Elena Hemler , Bliznashka Lilia , Fawzi Wafaie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMalnutrition is the leading cause of poor child health in Ethiopia, and progress to avert it is unacceptably slow. In addition, little is known about the magnitude and factors associated with concurrent wasting and stunting (WaSt). Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with WaSt, wasting, stunting and underweight among children 6–59 months in Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Ethiopia. Data from a total of 1091 children and their parents' were analysed from a cross‐sectional study. Household questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were used for data collection. Height‐for‐age, weight‐for‐height and weight‐for‐age indices are expressed as standard deviation units from the mean for the reference group. Multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with WaSt, wasting, stunting and underweight. Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05. The prevalence of indicators of malnutrition was WaSt (5.8%), wasting (16.8%), stunting (53.9%) and underweight (36.9%). Children aged 6–17 months had a higher odds of wasting (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–2.75) compared with those aged 36–59 months, whereas children aged 18–35 months (aOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.65–3.47) and 36–59 months (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.07–2.37) had higher odds of stunting compared with those aged 6–17 months. Similarly, children aged 18–35 months (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.07–2.37) and 36–59 months (aOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.52–3.10) had higher odds of underweight compared with children aged 6–17 months. Households that did not treat drinking water at point of use were at higher odds of WaSt (aOR 3.3, 95% CI 1.16–9.27) and stunting (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.31–2.85) compared with those who did treat drinking water. Boys were more likely to be WaSt, wasted, stunted and underweight. Cough was associated with WaSt, wasting and underweight. Furthermore, maternal education, maternal occupation and maternal age were significantly associated with wasting. Maternal body mass index (BMI) of less than 18.5 kg/m2 and maternal BMI between 18.5 and 25 kg/m2 were associated with child stunting. In Kersa, the prevalence of WaSt, wasting, stunting and underweight is very high and requires urgent public health intervention. This study highlights point‐of‐use water treatment, maternal education, hygiene and sanitation, child health service utilization and maternal BMI as important areas to improve to target child malnutrition. Furthermore, a community‐based programmatic and policy direction for early identification and management of WaSt in addition to other indicators of malnutrition is recommended.
Hyperglycemia‐induced seizures and visual symptoms due to reversible occipital damage: A case series
Authors: Baby Neena , George Minu , Divakar Anil Kumar 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSeizures associated with hyperglycemia are mostly partial motor with or without secondary generalization. Occipital lobe seizures due to hyperglycemia have been reported in few case studies. The clinical characteristics, electroencephalogram (EEG), and imaging findings of the patients with poorly controlled sugars, visual impairment, and seizures were analyzed. Three patients presented with poorly controlled sugars, seizures, and visual symptoms including visual impairment and occipital seizures over a period of 6 months. EEG showed frequent occipital spikes and electrical seizures of occipital origin. Magnetic resonance imaging brain showed T2 FLAIR hypointensity over the subcortical white matter and gyral changes over the parieto‐occipital area. All of them showed good clinical improvement with antiepileptic medications and good glycemic control. The imaging repeated on follow‐up in two patients showed complete resolution of T2 FLAIR hypointensity. Hyperglycemia‐induced changes can occur with a predeliction for occipital lobe. The visual impairment and occipital seizures respond to glycemic control and anticonvulsants.