bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol consumption and the risk of rosacea: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Lin , Xue Yuzhou , Chen Yangmei , Pu Yihuan , Zhang Yujie , Zhang Lingzhao , Shao Xinyi , Chen Jiayi , Chen Jin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundRosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects people's life quality. It has been found to be related to many detrimental factors including ultraviolet exposure. However, the association between alcohol consumption and rosacea has long been debated.AimsTo elucidate this association, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsWe performed a systematic search of the literature published before February 16, 2021 on PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane database and used a meta‐analytic approach to calculate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsFinally, 14 eligible studies were identified, and alcohol consumption was not found to be a risk factor for rosacea. However, in subgroup analysis, alcohol consumption increased the risk of phymatous rosacea (PhR) and the pooled OR was 4.17 (95% CI = 1.76–9.91).ConclusionOverall, our study showed that alcohol consumption was a risk factor in phymatous rosacea (PhR). More studies of rosacea investigating sex distribution, alcohol intake levels, and types of alcoholic beverages consumed are needed in the future.
Inhibitory effect of Pyr6 (an Orai channel blocker) on agonist‐induced contractions in rat uterus
Authors: de Sousa Ícaro Araújo , de Meneses Gabriel Medina Sobreira , Cardoso José Victor Miranda , Lopes Pablo Queiroz , de Sousa Joubert Aires , Cavalcanti Suzana Maria Pereira Galvão , da Silva Cavalcanti Paulo Marques , Filho Francisco Chagas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimBoth human and rat myometrium express stromal interaction molecule (STIM) and Orai/transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) proteins, which are components of plasma membrane Ca2+ store‐operated channels. There are reports that these proteins mediate agonist‐induced Ca2+ influx in cultured myometrial cells. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of Pyr6, an Orai channel blocker, on different agonist‐induced contractions in isolated segments of rat uterus.Main findingsIn Ca2+‐free Tyrode's solution, Pyr6 (3 μM) promoted a reduction in both the magnitude and frequency of Ca2+ (1 mM)‐induced uterine contractions after the addition of carbachol (CCh, 100 μM), but not after the addition of oxytocin (OT, 150 nM). In Ca2+ (0.18 mM)‐Tyrode's solution, Pyr6 completely relaxed uterine contractions induced by both CCh and cloprostenol (300 nM), but not those induced by either KCI (40–80 mM) or OT. The addition of Pyr6 abolished the oscillatory uterine contractions induced by Ca2+ after the addition of cyclopiazonic acid (CPA, 10 μM). When pre‐incubated (5 min), Pyr6 reduced the magnitude of both CCh‐induced phasic and tonic contractions. The addition of Pyr2 (3 μM), an Orai and TRPC channel blocker, abolished uterine contractions induced by CCh or OT.ConclusionConsidering Pyr6 as an Orai channel blocker and its inhibitory effect on uterine contractions induced by CCh, CPA, and cloprostenol, we suggest that Orai channels are required for the maintenance of contractions induced by these agonists in rat uterus.
Innovative idea generation in problem finding: Abductive reasoning, cognitive impediments, and the promise of artificial intelligence
Authors: Garbuio Massimo , Lin Nidthida 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article addresses gaps about abductive reasoning—widely considered key to design‐thinking but rarely detailed in design‐thinking and innovation literatures—by examining two types of abduction; identifying impediments to it; and proposing the promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to mitigate those impediments. Contrasting with the deductive and inductive approaches that dominant problem‐solving, we distinguish and elucidate explanatory abduction and innovative abduction in problem finding, where the problem to solve is itself uncertain. We argue these are appropriate for generating innovative problem‐finding ideas. Focusing thenceforth on problem finding alone, the heart of the article proposes a comprehensive conceptual model of innovative idea generation in that more ambiguous, complex, under‐researched but exciting problem space. The model details three chief stages: (1) problem search frame, combining leadership’s vision and innovators’ knowledge; (2) generating abductive hypotheses from often‐surprising observations and their synthesis into insights; and (3) evaluating abductive hypotheses, against the novel quality criteria of plausibility and relevance. Among cognitive impediments we show how the downsides of mental model, limited cognitive load and exemplifying heuristics and cognitive biases, such as confirmation bias, can hinder each stage. Conversely, we examine how support from AI can help human innovators improve the quantity, speed, and quality of their innovative idea generation.
Factors affecting long‐term changes of liver stiffness in direct‐acting anti‐hepatitis C virus therapy: A multicentre prospective study
Authors: Rosato Valerio , Ascione Antonio , Nevola Riccardo , Fracanzani Anna Ludovica , Piai Guido , Messina Vincenzo , Claar Ernesto , Coppola Carmine , Fontanella Luca , Lombardi Rosa , Staiano Laura , Valente Giovanna , Fascione Maria Chiara , Giorgione Chiara , Mazzocca Annalisa , Galiero Raffaele , Perillo Pasquale , Marrone Aldo , Sasso Ferdinando Carlo , Adinolfi Luigi Elio , Rinaldi Luca 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe long‐term changes of liver stiffness (LS) in patients who achieve viral clearance after direct‐acting anti‐HCV therapy remain undefined. We conducted a multicentre prospective study to investigate this aspect. Patients with HCV infection treated with DAAs were enrolled from six Italian centres; they underwent clinical, biochemical, ultrasound and transient elastography evaluations before treatment (T0), 12 weeks (SVR12) and 24 months (T24) after the end of therapy. Among the 516 consecutive patients enrolled, 301 had cirrhosis. LS significantly decreased from T0 to SVR (14.3 vs 11.1 kPa, p = .002), with a progressive reduction until T24 (8.7 kPa, p < .001). However, only patients with steatosis and those who developed HCC did not experience a late improvement in LS. Multivariate analysis of baseline and follow‐up variables identified steatosis as the only independent predictor of failure of LS improvement (OR 1.802, p = .013). ROC curve analysis of the association of LS with the risk of developing HCC showed that SVR12 ≥14.0 kPa had the highest accuracy (sensitivity 82%, specificity 99%; AUC: 0.774). Multivariate analysis revealed that LS was the only variable independently associated with an increased risk of developing HCC (OR 6.470, p = .035).Achieving an SVR was associated with a progressive, long‐term decline of LS, suggesting a late improvement in liver fibrosis, besides the resolution of inflammation. Fatty liver and the development of HCC interfered with late reduction of LS. Patients with an LS ≥14 kPa at 12 weeks after the end of treatment were at higher risk for developing HCC.
Dynamics of contention in the gig economy: Rage against the platform, customer or state?
Authors: Wood Alex J. , Martindale Nicholas , Lehdonvirta Vili 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProtest in the gig economy has taken many forms and targets (platforms, customers and state officials). However, researchers are yet to adequately account for this diversity. We use a European survey of Upwork and PeoplePerHour platform workers to investigate worker orientation towards different forms of protest. Results reveal that worker anger, dependence and digital communication shape contention in the remote gig economy. Support for collective organisation is associated with anger at platforms as well as their dependence on the platform and communication with other workers. Individual action against clients is associated with anger and communication but not dependence. Support for state regulation is associated only with anger but not dependence or communication. We conclude that the relational approach entailed by Mobilisation Theory can aid explanation in the gig economy by shedding light on the dynamic process by which solidarity and dependence alter the perceived cost/benefits of particular remedies to injustice.
A review of carbon farming impacts on nitrogen cycling, retention, and loss
Authors: Almaraz Maya , Wong Michelle Y. , Geoghegan Emily K. , Houlton Benjamin Z. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSoil carbon (C) sequestration in agricultural working lands via soil amendments and management practices is considered a relatively well‐tested and affordable approach for removing CO2 from the atmosphere. Carbon farming provides useful benefits for soil health, biomass production, and crop resilience, but the effects of different soil C sequestration approaches on the nitrogen (N) cycle remain controversial. While some C farming practices have been shown to reduce N fertilizer use in some cases, C farming could also impose an unwanted “N penalty” through which soil C gains can only be maintained with additional N inputs, thereby increasing N losses to the environment. We systematically reviewed meta‐analysis studies on the impacts of C farming on N cycling in agroecosystems and estimated the cumulative effect of several C farming practices on N cycling. We found that, on average, combined C farming practices significantly reduced nitrous oxide emissions and nitrate leaching from soils, thus inferring both N cycling and climate change benefits. In addition to more widely studied C farming practices that generate organic C, we also discuss silicate rock additions, which offer a pathway to inorganic C sequestration that does not require additional N inputs, framing important questions for future research.
Is a small change approach for weight management effective? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Graham Henrietta Emily , Madigan Claire Deborah , Daley Amanda Jane 
Published: September 2021

SummaryTraditional weight management interventions typically involve people making large changes to their energy intake and/or expenditure and can be effective in the short term, but weight regain is common. An alternative strategy is a small change approach, which asks people to make small(er) changes to their diet and/or physical activity behaviors (e.g., 100‐kcal reduction or increases of 1000 steps/day). This approach may lead to sustained weight management because such energy‐deficit goals are easier for people to integrate into their lives and then maintain. This systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized and quasi‐randomized controlled trials assessed the effectiveness of a small change approach for weight management; 21 trials were included. In weight gain prevention trials with adults, the mean difference in weight change between groups was −0.7 kg (95% CI −1.0 to −0.4, 95% PI −1.1 to −0.3) at program‐end and −0.9 kg (95% CI −1.5 to −0.3, 95% PI −3.1 to 1.3) at last follow‐up, favoring small change interventions. A small change approach was not effective for weight loss. Only 2/21 trials had a low risk of bias. Initial evidence supports the effectiveness of a small change approach for weight gain prevention but not weight loss. Further high‐quality trials with longer follow‐up are required.
A prospective observational study on the feasibility of subumbilical laparoscopic procedures under epidural anesthesia in sedated spontaneously breathing infants with a natural airway
Authors: Opfermann Philipp , Marhofer Peter , Springer Alexander , Metzelder Martin , Zadrazil Markus , Schmid Werner 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic procedures are usually performed under general anesthesia with a secured airway including endotracheal intubation or supraglottic airways.AimsThis is a prospective study of the feasibility of subumbilical laparoscopic procedures under epidural anesthesia in sedated, spontaneous breathing infants with a natural airway.MethodsWe consecutively enrolled 20 children <3 years old with nonpalpable testes scheduled for diagnostic laparoscopy with or without an ensuing orchidopexy, inguinal revision, or Fowler‐Stephens maneuver. Inhalational induction for venous access was followed by sedation with propofol and ultrasound‐guided single‐shot epidural anesthesia via the caudal or thoracolumbar approach using 1.0 or 0.5 ml kg−1 ropivacaine 0.38%, respectively. The primary outcome measure was block success, defined as no increase in heart rate by >15% or other indicators of pain upon skin incision.ResultsOf the 20 children (median age: 10 months; IQR: 8.3−12), 17 (85%) were anesthetized through a caudal and 3 (15%) through a direct thoracolumbar epidural, 18 (90%) underwent a surgical procedure and 2 (10%) diagnostic laparoscopy only. Five patients (25%) received block augmentation using an intravenous bolus of fentanyl (median dose: 0.9 µg kg−1; IQR: 0.8−0.95) after the initial prick test and before skin incision. There was no additional need for systemic pain therapy in the operating theater or recovery room. No events of respiratory failure or aspiration were observed.ConclusionsIn experienced hands, given our success rate of 100%, epidural anesthesia performed in sedated spontaneously breathing infants with a natural airway can be an alternative strategy for subumbilical laparoscopic procedures.
Peace as Intrinsic Value: The Pacifist Intuition and Intuitive Pacifism
Authors: Fiala Andrew 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThose who think of peace as an intrinsic value might be called “intuitionist pacifists” or “intuitive pacifists.” For pacifists of this sort, peace functions as an unanalyzable foundational value. The pacifist intuition is often meta‐ethical and not the result of argument or inference. Understanding pacifism in this way helps explain some disputes between pacifism and its critics. The article makes this argument with appeal to historical sources, both in the literature on pacifism and in the literature on intuitionism. It contributes to our understanding of the history of pacifism, while also offering a pacifist contribution to the theory of intuitionism.
Social Public Purchasing: Addressing a Critical Void in Public Purchasing Research
Authors: Hafsa Fatima , Darnall Nicole , Bretschneider Stuart 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSince governments are the largest buyers globally, they have enormous purchasing power. Government purchasing, therefore, has potential to be leveraged to improve social outcomes, such as helping disadvantaged communities, ensuring labor rights, and minimizing negative environmental impacts. However, as yet, there is little understanding about social public purchasing research in the field of public administration. We provide a theoretical framework for organizing research around social public purchasing. We then survey both the scholarly and practitioner research on social public purchasing in order to develop a clear understanding of the critical knowledge gaps and the potential for important social public purchasing research.
Tests of multivariate copula exchangeability based on Lévy measures
Authors: Bahraoui Tarik , Quessy Jean‐François 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces tests for the symmetry of the copula of random vector. The proposed statistics are based on the copula characteristic function and the weight function that appears naturally in their definition are assumed to belong to the general family of Lévy measures. The proposed test statistics are rank‐based and expresses as weighted ‐norms computed from a vector of empirical copula characteristic functions. Their nondegenerate asymptotic distributions under the null hypothesis and general alternatives, as well as the validity of a multiplier bootstrap for the computation of p‐values, are derived using nonstandard arguments. Extended Monte–Carlo experiments show that the new tests hold their size well and are powerful against a wide range of alternatives, and appear to be more powerful than a Cramér–von Mises test based on empirical copulas.
Long‐term vision outcomes and breed differences of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve implantation in 132 eyes of 122 dogs
Authors: Saito Akihiko , Iwashita Hiroko , Kazama Yoshiyuki , Wakaiki Shinsuke 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the long‐term vision outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in dogs.ProceduresThe medical records of dogs that underwent AGV implantation from January 2010 to December 2019 were reviewed to assess the duration of post‐surgical vision preservation (PVP). The relationship between PVP and the underlying cause of glaucoma, implant placement, and preoperative intraocular pressure was evaluated.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐two eyes of 122 dogs (mean age, 8.3 ± 2.6 years) were included. The mean ± standard error of PVP for all eyes was 57.5 ± 3.9 months. PVP in the dogs with primary acute glaucoma and prior history of cataract surgery was 56.4 ± 4.7 and 59.3 ± 5.9 months, respectively (p = .712). The PVP of the Shiba Inu, American Cocker Spaniel, and other breeds was 63.1 ± 5.5, 33.7 ± 5.3, and 59.1 ± 6.3 months, respectively (p < .05). The PVP in dogs with medial implantation was 61.9 ± 4.7 months, and in those with lateral implantation was 45.4 ± 6.4 months (p = .034). Among the 132 eyes investigated, 48 (36.4%) lost vision by the last follow‐up, and 18 eyes retained vision for more than 5 years. Two of the total number of eyes retained their vision for more than 8 years.ConclusionsThe vision outcomes regarding the use of AGV for the management of canine glaucoma were favorable in dogs.
Humero‐anconeal elbow incongruity in spaniel breed dogs with humeral intracondylar fissure: Arthroscopic findings
Authors: Danielski Alan , Yeadon Russell 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo report arthroscopic findings in dogs with humeral intracondylar fissure (HIF) and compare these findings in joints of dogs not affected by HIF on preoperative CT images.Study designControlled clinical study.AnimalsDogs with HIF (14 dogs, 21 elbows) and dogs without HIF (20 dogs, 31 elbows).MethodsA caudo‐medial arthroscope portal was used to inspect all elbow joints. Arthroscopic features of 21 joints of dogs with HIF were compared with 31 control elbows of HIF‐ negative dogs.ResultsAll elbows with HIF showed a focal cartilage lesion on the caudal aspect of the humeral condyle. The lesions ranged from a simple indentation into the articular surface to a full thickness cartilage erosion. Humero‐anconeal incongruity was identified in all elbows with HIF as absence of joint space at the point of contact between the tip of the anconeal process and the cartilage lesion, with a wider joint space distally within the ulnar trochlear notch. None of the elbows without HIF showed the cartilage lesion or evidence of humero‐anconeal incongruity.ConclusionUse of a novel arthroscope portal allowed description of a previously unreported cartilage lesion on the caudal humeral condyle of dogs with HIF. The lesion was found in all dogs with HIF but in no dogs without HIF.Clinical significanceHumero‐anconeal incongruity and an associated cartilage lesion appear to be present in dogs with HIF. We propose that this lesion may be associated with humero‐anconeal incongruity. This may be considered as a possible future therapeutic target for HIF.
Accommodation of Multishaft Gas Turbine Switching Control Gain Tuning Problem to Inlet Guide Vane Position
Authors: Ma Yujia , Liu Jinfu , Zhu Linhai , Li Qi , Liu Huanpeng , Yu Daren 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This article aims to discuss the influence of compressor inlet guide vane (IGV) position on gas turbine switching control system gain tuning problem. The distinction between IGV and normally reckoned working conditions is differentiated, and an improved double-layer linear parameter varying (LPV) model is proposed to estimate the protected parameters under various IGV positions. Controller gain tuning is conducted with single and multi-objective intellectual optimization algorithms. Simulation results reveal that normally used multi-objective optimization procedure is unnecessary and time-consuming. While with the comprehensive indicator introduced in this paper, the calculation burden can be greatly eased. This improvement is especially advantageous when tuning work is carried out under multiple IGV positions.
Virtual Gas Turbines Part I: A Top-Down Geometry Modeling Environment for Turbomachinery Application
Authors: Kulkarni Davendu , Lu Gan , Wang Feng , Mare Luca di 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The gas turbine engine design involves multidisciplinary, multifidelity iterative design-analysis processes. These highly intertwined processes are nowadays incorporated in automated design frameworks to facilitate high-fidelity, fully coupled, large-scale simulations. The most tedious and time-consuming step in such simulations is the construction of a common geometry database that ensures geometry consistency at every step of the design iteration, is accessible to multidisciplinary solvers, and allows system-level analysis. This paper presents a novel design-intent-driven geometry modeling environment that is based on a top-down feature-based geometry model generation method. The geometry features in this modeling environment are organized in a turbomachinery feature taxonomy. They produce a tree-like logical structure representing the engine geometry, wherein abstract features outline the engine architecture, while lower-level features define the detailed geometry. This top-down flexible feature-tree arrangement enables the design intent to be preserved throughout the design process, allows the design to be modified freely, and supports the design intent variations to be propagated throughout the geometry model automatically. The application of the proposed feature-based geometry modeling environment is demonstrated by generating a whole-engine computational geometry model. This geometry modeling environment provides an efficient means of rapidly populating complex turbomachinery assemblies. The generated engine geometry is fully scalable, easily modifiable, and is re-usable for generating the geometry models of new engines or their derivatives. This capability also enables fast multifidelity simulation and optimization of various gas turbine systems.