bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of low temperature plasma pretreatment on drying process of vegetables with waxy layer
Authors: Wu Wenfu , Jin Xing , Liu Zhe , Xu Yan , Zhu Fengwu , Zhang Jinsong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this study, low temperature plasma technology was used as an efficient pretreatment method of vegetables with waxy layer before drying. The effects of different low plasma pretreatment power (200, 300, 400, and 500 W), low plasma pretreatment time (30, 40, and 50 s) and drying temperature on the thin layer drying process of vegetables (peppers, lentils, and peas) were investigated. Peppers after plasma pretreatment were dried at 45, 50, and 55°C. Lentils and peas after plasma pretreatment were dried at 65, 70, and 75°C. Results showed that low temperature plasma can effectively improve the drying efficiency, promote the moisture diffusion and shorten the drying time. After pretreatment power of 500 W for 30 s at 55°C, drying time of peppers was shortened by 18.75%, the maximum effective moisture diffusivity is 5.843 × 10−10 m2·s−1, and lower activation energy (Ea) is 69.349 kJ·mol−1 in comparison with 71.118 kJ·mol−1 for the control group. After pretreatment power of 500 W for 30 s at 75°C, drying time of lentils and peas was shortened by 33.33 and 27.27%, respectively. The maximum effective moisture diffusivity of lentils is 2.526 × 10−9 m2·s−1, and lower activation energy (Ea) is 27.359 kJ·mol−1 in comparison with 33.366 kJ·mol−1 for the control group. The maximum effective moisture diffusivity of peas is 1.867 × 10−9 m2·s−1, and lower activation energy (Ea) is 23.583 kJ·mol−1 in comparison with 29.107 kJ·mol−1 for the control group. Results indicate that the higher plasma pretreatment power led to the higher drying efficiency but higher plasma pretreatment time cannot further shorten the drying time.Practical ApplicationsVegetable is important in daily life, but easy to dehydrate in a natural state. The transportation and storage are more convenient after drying. Low temperature plasma technology does not need high pressure and low energy consumption, which can maintain the color and nutrition of vegetables to a large extent. In industry, it can be applied to pretreat fruits, vegetables, and other foods before drying. It can effectively enhance the drying efficiency, and shorten the drying time.
Market segmentation strategies can be used to overcome COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy and other health crises
Authors: Meng Matthew D. , Olsen Mitchell C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs the COVID‐19 pandemic continues to impact everyone to some degree, it has become clear that experts from many disparate fields must work together to overcome such public health crises. Even now, a significant portion of U.S. residents remain hesitant to receive a vaccine. In the quest to safely return to a fully open economy, time is of the essence, as many lives and livelihoods can be saved by even marginal improvements in vaccination rates. To reach widespread immunization sooner, science stands to benefit by using market segmentation strategies with vaccine holdouts, much like brands do with customers. As evidence, we present results from a national survey segmented into four groups of COVID‐19 vaccine holdouts. When viewed and considered as separate segments, important distinctions regarding the nature and strength of reasons behind COVID‐19 vaccine aversion, and the solutions to which people are most open, become clearer.
Impacts of skin disorders associated with facial discoloration on quality of life: Novel insights explaining discordance between life quality scores and willingness to pay
Authors: Yang Ting‐Ting , Lan Cheng‐Che E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundHow diseases associated with skin discoloration affect the quality of life (QoL) has rarely been examined. In this study, we directly compared the QoL and willingness to pay (WTP) among patients with skin disorders associated with facial discoloration.MethodsA single‐center, cross‐sectional study consisting of patients seeking treatment for facial discoloration was performed. All patients completed the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) and the short form 36 (SF‐36) health survey questionnaires. Additionally, information regarding monthly income and the WTP for a complete cure of the affected condition was obtained.ResultsPatients with melasma (58), lentigo (56), postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (5), vitiligo (51), acne‐induced erythema (10), and rosacea (31) were enrolled. Vitiligo, acne‐induced erythema, and rosacea patients reported significantly worse QoL compared to lentigines or melasma patients as evaluated by DLQI. Using SF‐36, rosacea patients were affected mentally the most as they reported the worst mental component scores, and the scores were significantly worse than that of melasma patients (rosacea vs. melisma = 46.5 vs. 52.7,p = 0.007). Vitiligo patients had the worst general health scores. Although there were no differences in the WTP among different diseases, the vitiligo group had the highest percentage of patients willing to pay more than 40% of their monthly income for a complete cure.ConclusionsThe impact on QoL is different among skin diseases associated with facial discoloration. Only vitiligo patients reported worse general health as compared to the general population, explaining the discordance between life quality scores and WTP in these patients.
Non‐cultured epidermal cells suspended in either platelet‐rich plasma or ringer lactate for stable vitiligo: A prospective comparative study
Authors: Albalat Waleed , Elsayed Manal , Salem Amira , Ehab Rana , Fawzy Manal 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundNoncultured epidermal cell suspension (NCES) transplantation is a commonly used surgical treatment for resistant stable vitiligo. The combination of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) with different therapeutic modalities for vitiligo yielded higher repigmentation response, probably due to platelet‐derived growth factors.AimTo evaluate the efficacy of PRP‐suspended NCES compared to NCES suspended in Ringer's lactate (RL) solution in the treatment of stable vitiligo.Patients and methodsA prospective comparative study was conducted on 40 patients with stable vitiligo. They were divided into two equal groups: group A (treated with RL‐suspended NCES) and group B (treated with PRP‐suspended NCES). All patients were followed‐up for 6 months for assessment of their therapeutic response regarding clinical outcomes and immunohistochemical expression of HMB‐45 in lesional skin.ResultsPatients treated with PRP‐suspended NCES showed a significantly higher repigmentation response compared to those treated with RL‐suspended NCES at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment (p = 0.015, 0.023, 0.029, respectively). The expression of HMB‐45 significantly increased in both groups after therapy, but without a significant difference between the two groups.ConclusionThe repigmentation response of NCES can be enhanced by suspending the melanocytes in autologous PRP.
Prevalence and perinatal risk factors of parent‐reported colic, abdominal pain and other pain or discomforts in infants until 3 months of age ‐ A prospective cohort study in PreventADALL
Authors: Despriee Åshild Wik , Mägi Caroline‐Aleksi Olsson , Småstuen Milada Cvancarova , Glavin Kari , Nordhagen Live , Jonassen Christine M. , Rehbinder Eva Maria , Nordlund Björn , Söderhäll Cilla , Carlsen Karin Lødrup , Skjerven Håvard Ove 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo estimate the prevalence and perinatal risk factors associated with parent reported colic, abdominal pain and pain or other discomforts in infants until 3 months of age.BackgroundInfant colic is a common concern for parents and clinicians. The prevalence varies in different studies and its symptoms overlap with other conditions like abdominal pain and discomfort. Diagnosis criteria are challenging, pathogenesis unclear and risk factors are conflicting.DesignThis was a prospective cohort study.MethodsThe 1852 mother–child pairs from the PreventADALL prospective birth‐cohort answering the 3 months questionnaire were included. Information on perinatal risk factors was collected from the inclusion visit and questionnaires during pregnancy at 18 and 34 weeks, as well as birth charts. STROBE checklist was followed.ResultsThe reported prevalence of colic was 3% (59/1852), abdominal pain 22% (415/1852) and pain or other discomfort 6% (119/1852), with a total of 26% (478/1852) infants. Mothers on sick leave in pregnancy and reporting any allergic diseases had a significantly higher odds of reporting infant colic, abdominal pain and pain or other discomforts. Mothers with higher perceived stress in pregnancy exhibited a trend towards higher odds for reporting infant pain. Mothers coming from Sweden were less likely to report infant abdominal pain compared to mothers from Norway.ConclusionsThe prevalence of abdominal pain and pain or other discomforts was higher than the prevalence of colic. Perinatal risk factors connected to maternal health were associated with all three symptoms.Relevance to clinical practiceColic and abdominal pain are stressful, symptoms overlap and risk factors for both can be identified in pregnancy. Our study suggests that it is difficult for parents to distinguish among infant colic, abdominal pain and other pain or discomfort and some report two or all three symptoms. Identifying the perinatal risk factors associated with infant pain may help target and support parents.
Vaginal pessary sharpens uterocervical angle in uterine prolapse during pregnancy. A case report
Authors: Matsuda Yoshio , Tagawa Miki , Shirai Yohei , Hattori Minako , Matsumine Miki , Matsumine Hisami 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA 37‐year‐old multiparous woman complained of uterine prolapse at 14 weeks of gestation. A silicone ring‐shaped middle‐size vaginal pessary (# 62 mm) was placed into the vagina to reduce prolapsed uterus. Because the cervical length became shortened at 25 weeks of gestation, we decided to start intramuscular administration of progesterone (250 mg) weekly. At 33 weeks of gestation, she complained of the vaginal pessary spontaneous falling out, so we inserted a vaginal pessary of the same size again. The uterocervical angle became acute, going from 100° to 60° after placing the vaginal pessary into the vagina. We took the vaginal pessary out at 37 weeks of gestation. The patient gave birth at 39 weeks by spontaneous vaginal delivery to a healthy baby. A vaginal pessary may help continue a pregnancy via the same mechanism as a cervical pessary, which sharpens the uterocervical angle.
Mobile health technologies for the monitoring of menstrual cycle: A systematic review of online stores in Brazil
Authors: Dantas Lucas Ogura , Carvalho Cristiano , Pena Caroline , Breda Carolina Carreira , Driusso Patricia , Ferreira Cristine Homsi Jorge , Bø Kari 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimTo perform a systematic review of available mHealth apps for menstrual cycle monitoring in Brazil.MethodsA search for menstrual cycle mHealth apps from the Google Play Store and AppStore in Brazil was performed by two independent reviewers on October 2020, and the quality of eligible mHealth apps was assessed using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS).ResultsOur review identified 2400 potentially relevant mHealth apps, of which 56 were eligible for inclusion. The majority of the apps offered tools to track menstruation symptoms (63%) and educational content for users (32%). The mean ( ±SD) MARS app quality score for the 28 evaluated apps in Android was 3.5 ± 0.6 on a 0–5 scale. For the 28 evaluated apps in iOS, the mean app quality score was 3.8 ± 0.4. Most of the included apps, for both systems, scored average for credibility, user interface, and engagement.ConclusionThe majority of available tools in Brazil are of moderate quality and limited functionality for menstrual cycle monitoring. This study highlights the top three mHealth apps available on each online store for individuals seeking menstrual cycle monitoring options.
Health‐related out‐of‐pocket expenses for children living with rare diseases ‐ tuberous sclerosis and mitochondrial disorders: A prospective pilot study in Australian families
Authors: Deverell Marie , Phu Amy , Elliott Elizabeth J , Teutsch Suzy M , Eslick Guy D , Stuart Clare , Murray Sean , Davis Rebecca , Dalkeith Troy , Christodoulou John , Zurynski Yvonne A 
Published: October 2021

AimWe aimed to describe health‐related out‐of‐pocket (OOP) expenses incurred by Australian families living with children with chronic and complex diseases.MethodsA prospective pilot study of OOP expenses in families with children with tuberous sclerosis (TS) or mitochondrial disorders (MD) in 2016–2017. An initial survey assessed the family's financial situation, child's health functioning and estimated previous 6 months' and lifetime OOP expenses. Thereafter, families completed a survey each month for 6 months, prospectively tracking OOP expenses.ResultsInitial surveys were completed by 13 families with 15 children; median age 7 years (range: 1–12); 5 with MD, 10 with TS. All families reported OOP expenses: 38% paid $2000 per annum, more than double the annual per‐capita OOP costs reported for Australia by the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development. Eight families estimated $5000–$25 000 in OOP expenses over their child's lifetime and 62% of mothers reduced or stopped work due to caring responsibilities. Eleven families paid annual private health insurance premiums of $2000–$5122, but 72% said this was poor value‐for‐money. Prospective tracking by eight families (9 children) identified the median OOP expenditure was $863 (range $55–$1398) per family for 6 months. OOP spending was associated with visits to allied health professionals, non‐prescription medicines, special foods, supplements and disposable items. Eight families paid for 91 prescription medications over 6 months.ConclusionAll families caring for children with TS or MD reported OOP expenses. A larger study is needed to explore the affordability of health care for children living with a broader range of chronic diseases.
Geographical Networks in the Divergence of Australian Positive Behavior Support Policy
Authors: Hayward Brent A. , McKay‐Brown Lisa , Poed Shiralee 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPositive behavior support (PBS) is an example of a disability policy that has gained international acceptance through its promotion as a means of improving personal outcomes, reducing restrictive practices, and upholding human rights. We take the situation of devolution of responsibility for restrictive practices in the Australian National Disability Insurance Scheme to examine how policies for PBS have diverged. We use references in PBS policies to study the influence of geography and interpersonal relationships in policymaking. Using a variety of network science methods, we explore what has led to the development of divergent PBS policy. The results show that only a small number of co‐cited references were used, the majority of which are not PBS‐specific, are not from Australia, and are not freely available online. Geographical patterns of reference use are evident, and brokers can be identified. This geographical divergence may have negative outcomes for people with disability, particularly those with ID who are at greater risk of not having their needs met. The methodology can be applied internationally in a variety of policy contexts to demonstrate local influences on policy development and identify opportunities to strategically effect changes.
Cystectomy for patients with Hunner‐type interstitial cystitis at a tertiary referral center in Japan
Authors: Akiyama Yoshiyuki , Niimi Aya , Igawa Yasuhiko , Nomiya Akira , Yamada Yuta , Sato Yusuke , Kawai Taketo , Yamada Daisuke , Kume Haruki , Homma Yukio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the outcomes of partial and total cystectomy in patients with refractory Hunner‐type interstitial cystitis (HIC).MethodsPatients with end‐stage HIC who underwent supratrigonal partial cystectomy with augmentation ileocystoplasty (PC‐CP) or total cystectomy with ileal conduit (TC‐IC) were identified retrospectively. Changes in the 11‐point numerical rating scale of bladder pain and in 7‐grade quality of life (QOL) scores were evaluated. Changes in the O'Leary and Sant's Symptom Index (OSSI) and O'Leary and Sant's Problem Index (OSPI) were analyzed in patients with PC‐CP. Peri‐ and postoperative complications and patient satisfaction with overall outcomes were examined.ResultsFour patients (one female) underwent PC‐CP and 13 (nine females) underwent TC‐IC. Bladder pain persisted in three PC‐CP patients, but resolved completely in all TC‐IC patients. Pain scale and QOL scores improved significantly in patients with TC‐IC (P < .01), but not in those with PC‐CP. OSSI/OSPI scores did not improve significantly in patients with PC‐CP. Three PC‐CP patients required clean intermittent catheterization due to voiding dysfunction or persistent pain. Two TC‐IC patients developed stricture of the ureteroileal anastomosis, resulting in permanent placement of a ureteral stent in one case and nephrostomy in the other. Satisfaction rate was higher in the TC‐IC than in the PC‐CP group (76.9% vs 25.0%, P < .05).ConclusionsTC‐IC provided reliable pain relief and improved QOL in patients with end‐stage HIC, but the small case number and limited methodology restrict interpretation of the results. Further studies are needed to identify appropriate candidates and optimal surgical procedures.
Population genetics as a tool to elucidate pathogen reservoirs: Lessons fromPseudogymnoascus destructans, the causative agent of White‐Nose disease in bats
Authors: Fischer Nicola M. , Altewischer Andrea , Ranpal Surendra , Dool Serena , Kerth Gerald , Puechmaille Sebastien J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEmerging infectious diseases pose a major threat to human, animal, and plant health. The risk of species‐extinctions increases when pathogens can survive in the absence of the host. Environmental reservoirs can facilitate this. However, identifying such reservoirs and modes of infection is often highly challenging. In this study, we investigated the presence and nature of an environmental reservoir for the ascomycete fungusPseudogymnoascus destructans, the causative agent of White‐Nose disease. Using 18 microsatellite markers, we determined the genotypic differentiation between 1497P.destructansisolates collected from nine closely situated underground sites where bats hibernate (i.e., hibernacula) in Northeastern Germany. This approach was unique in that it ensured that every isolate and resulting multilocus genotype was not only present, but also viable and therefore theoretically capable of infecting a bat. The distinct distribution of multilocus genotypes across hibernacula demonstrates that each hibernaculum has an essentially unique fungal population. This would be expected if bats become infected in their hibernaculum (i.e., the site they spend winter in to hibernate) rather than in other sites visited before they start hibernating. In one hibernaculum, both the walls and the hibernating bats were sampled at regular intervals over five consecutive winter seasons (1062 isolates), revealing higher genotypic richness on walls compared to bats and a stable frequency of multilocus genotypes over multiple winters. This clearly implicates hibernacula walls as the main environmental reservoir of the pathogen, from which bats become reinfected annually during the autumn.
Modern Philosophy and Origen
Authors: Edwards Mark J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis essay asks in what ways modern (i.e. twentieth‐century) philosophy can either make use of Origen or inform our reading of him. It argues in the first section that the predominantly exegetic method of Origen makes it difficult for analytic philosophy to accommodate his reasoning. In the second section it examines the comparisons drawn by John Lyons between Origen and Teilhard de Chardin, which also suggest affinities with Henri Bergson, but concludes that the disparity between modern evolutionary thinking and Origen’s timeless approach to the truth of scripture is not easily overcome. The rest of the article suggests that it would be more illuminating to note affinities between Origen and modern theorists who pursue their arguments in dialogue with canonical texts. In particular, Origen’s ubiquitous search for Christ in the text of scripture, without clear evidence of authorial intent, might be more intelligible in modern eyes if Christ were seen as a Derridean pharmakos or Girardean scapegoat.
Subtle interplay between trichome development and cuticle formation in plants
Authors: Berhin Alice , Nawrath Christiane , Hachez Charles 
Published: October 2021

SummaryTrichomes and cuticles are key protective epidermal specializations. This review highlights the genetic interplay existing between trichome and cuticle formation in a variety of species. Controlling trichome development, the biosynthesis of trichome‐derived specialized metabolites as well as cuticle biosynthesis and deposition can be viewed as different aspects of a common defensive strategy adopted by plants to protect themselves from environmental stresses. Existence of such interplay is based on the mining of published transcriptomic data as well as on phenotypic observations in trichome or cuticle mutants where the morphology of both structures often appear to be concomitantly altered. Given the existence of several trichome developmental pathways depending on the plant species and the types of trichomes, genetic interactions between cuticle formation and trichome development are complex to decipher and not easy to generalize. Based on our review of the literature, a schematic overview of the gene network mediating this transcriptional interplay is presented for two model plant species: Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum lycopersicum. In addition to fundamental new insights on the regulation of these processes, identifying key transcriptional switches controlling both processes could also facilitate more applied investigations aiming at improving much desired agronomical traits in plants.
Prevalence and risk factors for myopia and high myopia: A cross‐sectional study among Han and Uyghur students in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Jing Sili , Yi Xianglong , Lei Yaolong , Hu Lumei , Cheng Wenbo , Wen Tao , Liu Xiaoxiao , Luo Mei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for myopia and high myopia among Han and Uyghur students in Xinjiang, China.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study with a multistage, stratified cluster sampling method was completed in Xinjiang, China. Visual acuity and noncycloplegic refraction were measured. The crude and sex‐ and age‐adjusted prevalence of myopia and high myopia in Han and Uyghur students were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to identify risk factors associated with myopia and high myopia.ResultsIn total, 84,033 participants were included in the final analysis, comprising 64,110 Han and 19,923 Uyghur participants. The overall age‐ and sex‐adjusted prevalence of myopia and high myopia were 47.70% (95% CI: 47.67–47.74) and 2.55% (95% CI: 2.54–2.56), respectively. Compared to the Uyghur population, the Han population had a higher prevalence of myopia (63.59% vs. 21.34%, p < 0.0001) and high myopia (4.68% vs. 0.6%, p < 0.0001). Han ethnicity, age, female sex, higher education level and living in urban areas were found to be positively associated with myopia and high myopia. Living in northern Xinjiang was found to be positively associated with myopia but negatively associated with high myopia.ConclusionsOur study investigated the prevalence of myopia and high myopia among Han and Uyghur students aged 4–23 years in Xinjiang, China. The Han population had a higher prevalence of myopia and high myopia than the Uyghur population. However, the prevalence of myopia among the Uyghur population showed a more remarkable increasing trend than that among the Han population in Xinjiang.