bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of celiac disease in women with infertility—A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Glimberg Ida , Haggård Linnea , Lebwohl Benjamin , Green Peter H. R. , Ludvigsson Jonas F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeTo determine the prevalence of celiac disease in infertile women.MethodsA systematic search of four databases was conducted up until February 6, 2020. The search terms “c(o)eliac disease”, “gluten”, “vill(o)us atrophy”, “infertility” and “subfertility” yielded 1142 unique hits. Articles in other languages than English, conference abstracts, letters, and publications where relevant information was missing were excluded. In our main analysis, celiac disease had to be verified by duodenal biopsy. The titles and abstracts, and the full‐text articles were independently reviewed by two researchers. A fixed‐effect model was used to calculate the weighted prevalence.ResultsBased on 11 studies (1617 women), the pooled prevalence of biopsy‐confirmed celiac disease was 0.7% (95% CI = 0.2%‐1.2%) in women with any infertility. Restricting our study population to women with unexplained infertility, the pooled prevalence of biopsy‐confirmed celiac disease was 0.6% (95% CI = 0.0%‐1.6%). When including studies where celiac disease had been defined per serology (20 studies; 5158 women), the pooled prevalence of celiac disease was 1.1% (95% CI = 0.6%‐1.6%) in women with any infertility.ConclusionOur results indicate that celiac disease is not more common in infertile women than in the general population. Celiac screening in infertile women may have low yield.
Ferulic Acid Promotes Bone Defect Repair After Radiation by Maintaining the Stemness of Skeletal Stem Cells
Authors: Liang Jia-Wu , Li Pei-Lin , Wang Qian , Liao Song , Hu Wei , Zhao Zhi-Dong , Li Zhi-Ling , Yin Bo-Feng , Mao Ning , Ding Li , Zhu Heng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The reconstruction of irradiated bone defects after settlement of skeletal tumors remains a significant challenge in clinical applications. In this study, we explored radiation-induced skeletal stem cell (SSC) stemness impairments and rescuing effects of ferulic acid (FA) on SSCs in vitro and in vivo. The immunophenotype, cell renewal, cell proliferation, and differentiation of SSCs in vitro after irradiation were investigated. Mechanistically, the changes in tissue regeneration-associated gene expression and MAPK pathway activation in irradiated SSCs were evaluated. The regenerative capacity of SSCs in the presence of FA in an irradiated bone defect mouse model was also investigated. We found that irradiation reduced CD140a- and CD105-positive cells in skeletal tissues and mouse-derived SSCs. Additionally, irradiation suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, and osteogenic differentiation of SSCs. The RNA-Seq results showed that tissue regeneration-associated gene expression decreased, and the Western blotting results demonstrated the suppression of phosphorylated p38/MAPK and ERK/MAPK in irradiated SSCs. Notably, FA significantly rescued the radiation-induced impairment of SSCs by activating the p38/MAPK and ERK/MAPK pathways. Moreover, the results of imaging and pathological analyses demonstrated that FA enhanced the bone repair effects of SSCs in an irradiated bone defect mouse model substantially. Importantly, inhibition of the p38/MAPK and ERK/MAPK pathways in SSCs by specific chemical inhibitors partially abolished the promotive effect of FA on SSC-mediated bone regeneration. In summary, our findings reveal a novel function of FA in repairing irradiated bone defects by maintaining SSC stemness and suggest that the p38/MAPK and ERK/MAPK pathways contribute to SSC-mediated tissue regeneration postradiation.
Blood glucose‐lowering effect of water and ethanolic extracts of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr
Authors: Aung Cho L. , Kawakami Fumitaka , Imai Motoki , Lwin Thet‐Thet , Kanzaki Makoto , Mar Ohn , Phyu Khin P. , Thwin Mya M. , Maruyama Hiroko 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTAimGynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. (GP) has drawn attention as an alternative drug for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, while most previous studies were done in diabetic mice to investigate the antidiabetic effect, this study investigated the blood glucose‐lowering action of GP in diet‐induced obese mice and clarified the possible mechanism of the glucose‐lowering action of GP in muscle and adipose cells.MethodsThe mice were divided into four groups (n = 6 in each group) depending on the diet that they received (i.e., the normal diet (ND), normal diet + 1% GP powder (ND + GP), high‐fat diet (HFD), high‐fat diet + 1% GP powder (HFD + GP) groups), and the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed after one, three and five months. Immunocytochemistry revealed GLUT4 translocation in cells stably expressing myc‐GLUT4‐ECFP. The effect of GP extracts on the expression of GLUT4 and phosphorylation of 5'‐adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Akt/protein kinase B (PKB) in C2C12 (muscle cell) and 3T3‐L1 (adipocyte) cells, was determined by western blot analysis.ResultsThe results showed that the significantly raised serum glucose levels in the HFD group were reduced following treatment with GP powder. Moreover, treatment with the GP extracts promoted GLUT4 membrane translocation more prominently in the C2C12 cells as compared to the 3T3‐L1 cells, whereas GLUT4 expression was significantly increased only in the 3T3‐L1 cells. AMPK phosphorylation was significantly increased by both extracts in both C2C12 cells and 3T3‐L1 cells.ConclusionThe findings of the present study reveal that GP may correct glucose intolerance and both the ethanolic and water extracts of GP have a blood glucose‐lowering effect, possibly via AMPK‐mediated signaling pathways in the muscle and adipose tissues.
Panax ginseng modulates oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, and inflammations induced by silicon dioxide nanoparticles in rats
Authors: El‐Demerdash Fatma M. , El‐Magd Mohammed A. , El‐Sayed Raghda A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSilicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) are extensively used in cosmetics, food, and drug delivery. The main mechanism of SiO2NPs toxicities depends on oxidative stress. Ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) is used in various medicinal applications because of its antioxidant efficiency. Therefore, the present study was carried out to investigate the possible combated role of ginseng against SiO2NPs toxicity in rat liver. Thirty‐five male rats (160–180 g) were allocated into five groups of seven rats each, randomly. The first group was used as a control while groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were treated orally with ginseng (Gin; 75 mg/kg, 1/10 LD50), SiO2NPs, (200 mg/kg, 1/10 LD50), Gin + SiO2NPs (protection group), and SiO2NPs + Gin (therapeutic group) for 5 weeks, respectively. Treatment with SiO2NPs increased lipid peroxidation, liver function enzymes, and decreased antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx, GST) activity and non‐enzymatic antioxidant (GSH) level. SiO2NPs administration motivated liver apoptosis as revealed by the upregulation of the apoptotic genes, Bcl2‐associated x protein (Bax), and Beclin 1 and downregulation of the anti‐apoptotic gene, B‐cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) as well as increase in DNA damage. Also, SiO2NPs administration caused inflammation as indicated by upregulation of the inflammation‐related genes (interleukin 1 beta [IL1β], tumor necrosis factor‐alpha [TNFα], nuclear factor kappa B [NFκB], cyclooxygenase 2 [Cox2], transforming growth factor‐beta 1 [TGFβ1]) as well as cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase of liver cells. Moreover, histopathological examination proved the biochemical and molecular perturbations occurred due to SiO2NPs toxicity. On the other hand, ginseng caused a significant modulation on the deleterious effects induced by SiO2NPs in rat liver. In conclusion, ginseng has a potent preventive effect than the therapeutic one and might be used in the treatment of SiO2NPs hepatotoxicity.
The inventory of camel feed resource and the evaluation of its chemical composition in south‐east rangelands of Ethiopia
Authors: Habte Matiwos , Eshetu Mitiku , Andualem Dereje , Maryo Melesse , Legesse Abiyot 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundEvaluations of available camel feed nutritive value are relevant to generate evidence on further camel feed improvements and find out the components to be supplemented.ObjectiveThis study aim to evaluate seasonal variations on chemical composition of selected camel feed in semi‐arid regions of south‐east Ethiopia.MethodsSamples of edible portions from 15 browse species were collected during the dry and wet seasons, and their chemical compositions were analysed.ResultsThe crude protein (CP), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and relative feed value (RFV) of evaluated browse species were higher (p < .01) in wet season than the dry season except for Acacia asak, Ipomoea donaldsonii and Acacia mellifera. Nonetheless, the neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) contents were higher (p < .01) in the dry season except for A. asak and I. donaldsonii. Moreover, A. asak, I. donaldsonii and A. mellifera were the browse species with higher (p < .01) RFV, IVDMD and CP but lower NDF and ADF during the dry season than the wet season, and these species are qualified as good‐quality forage. Thus. Barleria spinisepala were better to use in both seasons, but browse species like I. donaldsonii and A. asak in dry season were ranked as best quality roughage.ConclusionAt richest level on vital components (CP and fibres), these species can serve as well ruminant diets, like for camel. Further investigations based on animal trials are needed in order to confirm the classification standards of feed quality used in this study.
Influence Of Lithium Coordinating Additives On The Structure Of Phenyldimethylsilyllithium
Authors: Achternbosch Moritz , Brieger Lukas , Strohmann Carsten 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe synthesis and structural investigation of two dimethylphenylsilyllithium adducts with coordinating nitrogen donors quinuclidine and 1,3,5‐tri‐tert‐butylhexahydro‐1,3,5‐triazine (tbtac) are presented. The structures show a comparatively long Si−Li distance and one amongst the shortest in monomeric silyllithiums reported so far, respectively. The structural investigations shed light on the influence of the donating additive for the lithium center on the structure of silyllithium compounds.
Quantum Algorithms
Authors: Hughes Ciaran , Isaacson Joshua , Perry Anastasia , Sun Ranbel F. , Turner Jessica 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe have come a long way from Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-61601-4_1 To recap on what we have learnt, we have understood important quantum mechanical phenomena such as superposition and measurement (through the Stern-Gerlach and Mach-Zehnder experiments). We have also learnt that while quantum computers can in principle break classical encryption protocols, they can also be used to make new secure channels of communication. Furthermore, we have applied quantum logic gates to qubits to perform quantum computations. With entanglement, we teleported the information in an unknown qubit to another qubit. This is quite a substantial achievement.
Being a ‘Good Researcher’ in Transdisciplinary Research: Choreographies of Identity Work Beyond Community
Authors: Schikowitz Andrea 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDifferent contemporary developments are challenging the notion of a rather exclusive and lasting belonging of individual researchers to the one disciplinary community into which they had been socialised, to which they subsequently contribute, and which they reproduce. In turn, the very meaning of community is challenged when there is a perpetual exchange of community members. This chapter deals with how researchers with diverse and dynamic relations to different collectives develop a self-understanding of what it means to be a good researcher, i.e. what the normative ideals are that they should strive for. It is empirically analysed how researchers who engage in transdisciplinary research occasionally or regularly narrate, adopt, translate, resist, and combine the different imaginations of being a good researcher that they encounter. The sensitizing concept of ‘choreography’ is proposed to analyse the identity work done under conditions of multiple and flexible belongings that is held together by a certain style, rhythm, and pattern. In this sense, a specific way of moving constitutes an identity in the first place by aligning otherwise separate belongings.
The Emergence of Technoscientific Fields and the New Political Sociology of Science
Authors: Raimbault Benjamin , Joly Pierre-Benoît 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis chapter conceptualizes the emergence of a techno-scientific field (TSF) as a multiscalar and progressive establishment of a new set of epistemic and social rules. Drawing on science and technology studies and field theories, we design an original conceptual framework that allows us to formulate three propositions to characterize the process of emergence of a TSF. We use the emergence of synthetic biology (Synbio) as a ‘laboratory’ to test this framework. Each proposition refers to a determinant dimension in the process of emergence—heterogeneity, hierarchy, and autonomy. First, we claim that heterogeneity (of disciplines, research questions, visions, social norms) is constitutive of the emergence of a new TSF. Second, the population of Synbio researchers is highly stratified; a core group of scientific entrepreneurs (incumbents and challengers) plays an active role in the process of emergence. Third, strategies for the control of external resources are crucial to the structuration of the field, which is mirrored by the prominent role of core-group members as boundary spanners. An original scientometric approach is used to create specific variables that allow us to investigate both network and field structural dynamics bridging qualitative and quantitative approaches.
Community by Template? Considering the Role of Templates for Enacting Membership in Digital Communities of Practice
Authors: Jarke Juliane 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis chapter attends to how the concept of “communities of practice” (Lave and Wenger, Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation, learning in doing. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1991) has been taken up by managers and policy makers in trans-local contexts. Although the concept was developed for co-located communities, it was transferred to distributed settings. In such settings, the sharing of practices is not necessarily active, and the performance of community not necessarily tied to their sharing. Some of the ambiguities of the original concept became problematic. The chapter is based on two vignettes that demonstrate how community is understood by policy makers and managers as a form of organisation that needs to be cultivated and coordinated. Continuing on the success of “communities of practice”, a focus of such striving became the sharing of experiences (and “good practices”) in order to foster community building. In a trans-local context, this meant—for the actors responsible for building community—a focus on how practices may be shared actively. One answer to this challenge was to describe local practices in standardised templates. However, different ways of organising the sharing of knowledge objects (e.g. who are the actors that define the structure of templates or how do they determine what counts as ‘good practice’) resulted in different forms of communality.
Constructing a universe for the setoid model
Authors: Altenkirch Thorsten , Boulier Simon , Kaposi Ambrus , Sattler Christian , Sestini Filippo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe setoid model is a model of intensional type theory that validates certain extensionality principles, like function extensionality and propositional extensionality, the latter being a limited form of univalence that equates logically equivalent propositions. The appeal of this model construction is that it can be constructed in a small, intensional, type theoretic metatheory, therefore giving a method to boostrap extensionality. The setoid model has been recently adapted into a formal system, namely Setoid Type Theory (SeTT). SeTT is an extension of intensional Martin-Löf type theory with constructs that give full access to the extensionality principles that hold in the setoid model.Although already a rich theory as currently defined, SeTT currently lacks a way to internalize the notion of type beyond propositions, hence we want to extend SeTT with a universe of setoids. To this aim, we present the construction of a (non-univalent) universe of setoids within the setoid model, first as an inductive-recursive definition, which is then translated to an inductive-inductive definition and finally to an inductive family. These translations from more powerful definition schemas to simpler ones ensure that our construction can still be defined in a relatively small metatheory which includes a proof-irrelevant identity type with a strong transport rule.
Interpolation and Amalgamation for Arrays with MaxDiff
Authors: Ghilardi Silvio , Gianola Alessandro , Kapur Deepak 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this paper, the theory of McCarthy’s extensional arrays enriched with a maxdiff operation (this operation returns the biggest index where two given arrays differ) is proposed. It is known from the literature that a diff operation is required for the theory of arrays in order to enjoy the Craig interpolation property at the quantifier-free level. However, the diff operation introduced in the literature is merely instrumental to this purpose and has only a purely formal meaning (it is obtained from the Skolemization of the extensionality axiom). Our maxdiff operation significantly increases the level of expressivity; however, obtaining interpolation results for the resulting theory becomes a surprisingly hard task. We obtain such results via a thorough semantic analysis of the models of the theory and of their amalgamation properties. The results are modular with respect to the index theory and it is shown how to convert them into concrete interpolation algorithms via a hierarchical approach.
Nominal Equational Problems
Authors: Ayala-Rincón Mauricio , Fernández Maribel , Nantes-Sobrinho Daniele , Vale Deivid 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe define nominal equational problems of the form $$\exists \overline{W} \forall \overline{Y} : P$$

∃

W

¯

∀

Y

¯

:
P

, where $$P$$
P
consists of conjunctions and disjunctions of equations $$s\approx _\alpha t$$

s

≈
α

t

, freshness constraints $$a\#t$$

a
#
t

and their negations: $$s \not \approx _\alpha t$$

s

≉
α

t

and "Equation missing", where $$a$$
a
is an atom and $$s, t$$

s
,
t

nominal terms. We give a general definition of solution and a set of simplification rules to compute solutions in the nominal ground term algebra. For the latter, we define notions of solved form from which solutions can be easily extracted and show that the simplification rules are sound, preserving, and complete. With a particular strategy for rule application, the simplification process terminates and thus specifies an algorithm to solve nominal equational problems. These results generalise previous results obtained by Comon and Lescanne for first-order languages to languages with binding operators. In particular, we show that the problem of deciding the validity of a first-order equational formula in a language with binding operators (i.e., validity modulo $$\alpha $$
α
-equality) is decidable.
A String Diagrammatic Axiomatisation of Finite-State Automata
Authors: Piedeleu Robin , Zanasi Fabio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe develop a fully diagrammatic approach to finite-state automata, based on reinterpreting their usual state-transition graphical representation as a two-dimensional syntax of string diagrams. In this setting, we are able to provide a complete equational theory for language equivalence, with two notable features. First, the proposed axiomatisation is finite— a result which is provably impossible for the one-dimensional syntax of regular expressions. Second, the Kleene star is a derived concept, as it can be decomposed into more primitive algebraic blocks.
Learning Pomset Automata
Authors: van Heerdt Gerco , Kappé Tobias , Rot Jurriaan , Silva Alexandra 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe extend the$$\mathtt {L}^{\!\star }$$L⋆algorithm to learn bimonoids recognising pomset languages. We then identify a class of pomset automata that accepts precisely the class of pomset languages recognised by bimonoids and show how to convert between bimonoids and automata.
Fixpoint Theory – Upside Down
Authors: Baldan Paolo , Eggert Richard , König Barbara , Padoan Tommaso 
Published: March 2021

AbstractKnaster-Tarski’s theorem, characterising the greatest fix- point of a monotone function over a complete lattice as the largest post-fixpoint, naturally leads to the so-called coinduction proof principle for showing that some element is below the greatest fixpoint (e.g., for providing bisimilarity witnesses). The dual principle, used for showing that an element is above the least fixpoint, is related to inductive invariants. In this paper we provide proof rules which are similar in spirit but for showing that an element is above the greatest fixpoint or, dually, below the least fixpoint. The theory is developed for non-expansive monotone functions on suitable lattices of the form$$\mathbb {M}^Y$$MY, whereYis a finite set and$$\mathbb {M}$$Man MV-algebra, and it is based on the construction of (finitary) approximations of the original functions. We show that our theory applies to a wide range of examples, including termination probabilities, behavioural distances for probabilistic automata and bisimilarity. Moreover it allows us to determine original algorithms for solving simple stochastic games.
“Most of” leads to undecidability: Failure of adding frequencies to LTL
Authors: Bednarczyk Bartosz , Michaliszyn Jakub 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLinear Temporal Logic (LTL) interpreted on finite traces is a robust specification framework popular in formal verification. However, despite the high interest in the logic in recent years, the topic of their quantitative extensions is not yet fully explored. The main goal of this work is to study the effect of adding weak forms of percentage constraints (e.g. that most of the positions in the past satisfy a given condition, or that $$\sigma $$
σ
is the most-frequent letter occurring in the past) to fragments of LTL. Such extensions could potentially be used for the verification of influence networks or statistical reasoning. Unfortunately, as we prove in the paper, it turns out that percentage extensions of even tiny fragments of LTL have undecidable satisfiability and model-checking problems. Our undecidability proofs not only sharpen most of the undecidability results on logics with arithmetics interpreted on words known from the literature, but also are fairly simple. We also show that the undecidability can be avoided by restricting the allowed usage of the negation, and discuss how the undecidability results transfer to first-order logic on words.