bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Peranan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah untuk Pemberdayaan UMKM di Kabupaten Sijunjung
Authors: Arwin Arwin - 
Published: July 2021

Berdirinya Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah di Kabupaten Sijunjung merupakan kabar gembira bagi masyarakat, karena selain untuk mendapatkan pembiayaan yang bisa diakses oleh masyarakat kecil dengan persyaratan yang mudah. Akan tatapi produk-produknya sesuai dengan akad Syariah, sehingga terhindar dari transaksi riba. Oleh karena itu peneliti tertarik untuk menenliti lebih mendalam tentang peranannya dalam pemberdayaan UMKM di Kabupaten Sijunjung. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai pada penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan peranan Koperasi Syariah dalam pemberdayaan UMKM di Kabupaten Sijunjung. Peranan Koperasi Syariah Al-Furqan memberikan akses pembiayaan kepada masyarakat untuk membuka dan mengembangkanUMKM. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian lapangan, sedangkan sumber data dalam penelitian diperoleh dari observasi, hasil wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis data menggunakan semi kuantitatif analisis. Penelitian ini dibatasi pada koperasi syariah Al-Furqan Kupitan. Hasil penelitian ini memaparkan peranan Koperasi Syariah Al-Furqan terhadap pemberdayaan UMKM, yaitu; satu, Koperasi Syariah Al-furqon Kupitan memberikan kemudahan-kemudahan bagi masyarakat untuk memperoleh pembiayaan untuk modal atau untuk mengembangkan UMKM. Pemberian pembiayaan pada tahun 2018 sebesar 682.615.000,- rupiah ( 15,71%) persen. Pembiayan yang dicairkan pada tahun 2019 sebesar 887.068.000,- rupiah (12,08%). Tiga,Peranan Koperasi Syariah Kupitan terhadap pemberdayaan UMKM di Kabupaten Sijunjung pada tahun 2018 sebesar 5,81 persen dan pada tahun 2019 meningkat menjadi 7,62 persen.
TO STUDY THE RISK FACTOR OF POST-PARTUM HEMORRHAGE IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN NORTH WEST RAJASTHAN
Authors: Khajotia Santosh , Choudhary Kavita , Khichar Moolchand , Gupta Manoj , Sharma Madhuri , Bijarniya Mamta 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Present study was conducted to evaluate the risk factor of PPH.
Methodology: Study group comprises of 100 females attending obstetrics and gynecology department in S.P. Medical College, Bikaner. Delivered women ? 28 weeks seen during the first hour of PPH with visual blood loss >500 ml in normal vaginal delivery and > 1000 ml during LSCS were included in the study.
Results: Out of 100 cases, 17(17%) had multiparity followed by 7(7%) each had previous LSCS and prolonged labor, 5(5%) each had multiple pregnancy and macrosomia, 3(3%) each had placenta previa and previous 2 LSCS, 2(2%) each had postdatism and precipitate labor and 1(1%) had breech.
Conclusion: Multiparty was most common risk factor.
Keywords: Hemorrhage, Post-partum, Risk factor
Melatonin promotes gastric healing by modulating the components of matrix metalloproteinase signaling pathway: a novel scenario for gastric ulcer management
Authors: Majumder Romit , Datta Madhuri , Chattopadhyay Aindrila , Bandyopadhyay Debasish 
Published: July 2021

Over the past few decades, since the induction of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors (PPI) as a therapeutic tool in controlling gastropathy, a substantial decline in the incidence of gastric ulcer and its related manifestations has been achieved globally. However, there are a lot of skeptics on the steady rise in the list of complications following long-term use of these drugs, especially in chronic and elderly patients. Hence, the search for a sustainable cure for these gastropathies has never actually ended; this let us consider that melatonin, an endogenous antioxidant, might have a utility in this respect. Although researchers have linked melatonin with accelerated post ulcerative wound healing, many of these studies have failed to identify the confounding factors and plausible healing mechanisms. In this review, we attempt to identify the underline mechanisms as to the protective effects of melatonin on a variety of gastropathies. Based on the evidence, we select the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) to be the main targets of melatonin. MMPs play a key role in maintaining the balance between extracellular matrix degradation and tissue remodeling, therefore, they act as the integral connection between the ulcer manifestation and healing. Thus, gastric ulceration occurs where this balance is disrupted. Melatonin can preserve this balance during the onset of gastric ulcers. In this review, we have also discussed the effects of melatonin on the different isoforms of MMPs and their roles in gastric ulceration, respectively. We hope that this will bestow us with a better understanding of the development of the gastric ulcer, as well as its cure.
Parametric Study on Co-Feeding of Municipal Solid Waste and Coal in an IGCC Power Plant with Pre-Combustion Carbon Capture
Authors: Hossain Md Shahriar , Kamal Suprio , Chowdhury Mahbub , Islam Md Tariful , Kirtania Kawnish 
Published: July 2021

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the top contributors in greenhouse gas (i.e. methane) emissions - particularly from landfill disposals. However, it could be a remarkable source of renewable energy. In Bangladesh, generation of municipal solid waste is at least 2.7 million tonne per year in the major cities, implying a heavy environmental burden. On the other hand, there are several coal-based power plants are in the pipeline to meet the increasing energy demand in Bangladesh with the potential of significant CO2 emission. To find a remedy to the above situation, a power plant using Integrated Gasification and Combustion Cycle (IGCC) technology with pre-combustion carbon capture is considered in this study. IGCC has the advantage of producing high quality syngas from a wide variety of feed and assists in the capture of CO2 at a lower cost while providing high electric efficiency. The power plant was simulated by commercial simulation packages (Aspen PLUS™ and Aspen HYSYS™) using MSW and bituminous coal (Indonesian) as a combined feed. With a feed rate of 1800 tonne per day, Syngas produced from an entrained flow type gasifier was then treated for CO2 removal using mono-ethanol amine (MEA) solvent after necessary shift in a high temperature shift reactor. About 91% efficiency was achieved in the shift reactor while the CO2 capture efficiency was varied for this study from 30% to 85%. Further parametric variation was studied by varying the moisture content of MSW and MSW to coal feed ratio. Through combustion of the H2 rich syngas in a gas turbine and subsequent steam cycle with reheat resulted in 125 MW of electricity at an efficiency of 28.95% while capturing 50% of the CO2 generated in the process for an MSW to Coal feed ratio of 1:1. With variation in moisture content especially during monsoon season, the plant efficiency could be affected remarkably. On the other hand, it was observed that the energy requirement varied from 6 to 8 MW for every 10% increase in CO2 capture quantity. Overall, by capturing 50% of the generated CO2, it is possible to reduce the emission of a same size ultra-supercritical coal-based power plant from about 700 kg CO2/MWh to about 360 kg of net CO2/MWh incorporating co-feeding and pre-combustion capture in an IGCC power plant.
Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 21(2020) 37-42
Effect of Single and Mixed Inoculum on Biogas Yield During Dry Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Hossain Md Shahadat , Rahman Md Anisur , Karim Tahmid Ul , Onik Mahade Hassan , Yousuf Abu 
Published: July 2021

Organic municipal solid waste (OMSW) - a potential energy source - is creating serious environmental hazards across Bangladesh, but it can be digested for biogas production to meet the ever-increasing energy demand of the country. The present study applied the dry anaerobic digestion (DAD) process for biogas production from OMSW with inoculum cow manure (CM) and anaerobic sludge (AS) in single and mixed modes. The performance of the DAD process was evaluated in batch digesters with a multilayer inoculum flow pattern maintained at the constant mesophilic condition of 37 °C. Firstly, CM and AS were studied individually, and later on, both of them were used together in different ratios (AS:CM = 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 2:1) to maximize the biogas yield from the DAD process. CM alone produced a total of 2.91 ml biogas/ g of biomass over 35 days of DAD while this yield was increased to 3.19 ml/g for mixed inoculum at the ratio of 1:3. These results imply that mixed-mode inoculums would be a promising option in the DAD process for biogas production which will reduce both the energy scarcity and the burden of municipal solid waste (MSW) management.
Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 21(2020) 77-81
Heat and Mass Transfer Predictive 3D Model of Mango Kernel During Convection Oven Drying Process
Authors: Islam Md Shafiul , Ali Md Sumon , Rahman Mohammad Nurur , Das Pabitra Chandra 
Published: July 2021

A large number of mangoes are utilized in process industries which produce a large amount of mango kernel that can be utilized effectively as a by-product. Processing and utilization of mango kernel flour is getting more scientific interest day by day. Drying is one of the major operations of flour processing where the moisture loss and heat transfer phenomena across the different portions of the products have to be pre-defined for better drying accuracy. The study was conducted to define a compatible predictive model that represents a 3D expression of heat penetration through the mango kernel slice (MKS) and moisture losses during drying with convective oven dryer using COMSOL Multiphysics with originated boundary conditions, excluding the changes of properties due to varying mangoes species. The model was validated using a convective drying process for varying thicknesses 4, 6 and 8 mm of MKSs having temperature elevated to 60oC and 1 ms-1 air velocity up to 5 hr. The developed model was concurred and correlated well with the experimental data and can be used in describing heat and mass transfer phenomena while drying the mango kernel.
Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 21(2020) 82-87
Technical and Economic Aspects of Reusing Textile Effluent as Process Water: A Case Study of Denim Washing Factory
Authors: Ahmad Mesbah , Abir Majed Alam , Khan Mohidus Samad 
Published: July 2021

Textile and apparel industries are the major role-players in the fast-growing economy of Bangladesh. However, the textile sector consumes a large amount of water for various wet processing operations. Currently 98% of the water used by local textile factories is groundwater, which is causing depletion of ground water levels at a high rate. Considering the gravity of groundwater crisis in future, Bangladesh Government and international brands and retailers are advocating local textile factories to reuse textile effluents and implement ZLD (zero liquid discharge) option in the upcoming years. However, it is a new concept for Bangladesh textile sector, and there is limited understanding regarding technical and economic issues associated to advanced treatment and reusing textile effluent. In this paper, a case study is presented to analyse the application of advanced membrane treatment of conventional ETP (effluent treatment plant) treated water of a denim washing factory. The corresponding technical and economic issues of water recycling and reusing were also analyzed. The selected denim washing factory runs a conventional biological effluent treatment plant (ETP) which satisfies the basic requirements of national and international standards. For advanced treatment, a mobile setup of ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) unit was used at factory premises to further treat ETP treated water. The advanced treatment was carried out for three different permeate to reject ratios to observe changes in the permeate and reject water quality. Capital expenditure and operational costs were also assessed to see the economic feasibility of the approach. This study will help local textile factories with real time data to understand the technical and economic issues associated to reusing textile wastewater as process water.
Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 21(2020) 127-132
Study of Growth Kinetics of High Lipid Content Algae in Local Environment
Authors: Ferdous Anika , Khandaker Md Mursalin Rahman , Ahmad Farid , Munshi John Liton , Khan Mohidus Samad 
Published: July 2021

In recent years algae has been receiving a lot of interest as an alternate source of biofuel. Fast growth and rich lipid content make algae a great candidate for producing eco-friendly and non-toxic biodiesel. The strain Chlorella vulgaris, has shown great potential as a source of oil. To optimize the mass culture of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris, it is necessary to develop growth kinetic model of Chlorella vulgaris. This work presents a comparative study on growth kinetics of Chlorella vulgaris in batch cultures in four different media, namely- CH, modified CH, Bold’s Basal (BB), and modified Bold’s Basal (BB). Spectroscopic analysis was supported by visual change of color in the algal biomass solution and the microscopic imaging, and was validated with dry cell mass measurement in this study. The data were analyzed to produce growth curves to find exponential phase for each medium. Exponential phases are the best period to harvest the culture. Hence the duration of exponential phase and the final biomass concentration at the end of exponential phase are two important parameters to determine the most suitable medium for mass culture. In this study the overall specific growth, doubling time and biomass productivity of Chlorella vulgaris for CH, modified CH, BB and modified BB media were measured. This study will help to find a suitable media to culture Chlorella vulgaris, a high lipid content algae in the local environment. The information can be used to design a system for mass culture of the strain for biodiesel production.
Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 21(2020) 133-138
Light diffraction in a plane-parallel layered structure with the parameters of a Pendry lens
Authors: Selina N V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The solution of Maxwell’s equations for a plane electromagnetic wave and a Gaussian beam propagating in a Pendry lens has been obtained. The mathematical form of the solution explains details of image formation in such a structure. It is shown that not only the plane wave but also the Gaussian beam in this case is characterized by the absence of diffraction, so the Gaussian beam does not expand when propagated in a multilayer Pendry lens of any size.
PLXNC1: A Novel Potential Immune-Related Target for Stomach Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ni Zhizhan , Huang Chenshen , Zhao Hongmei , Zhou Jinzhe , Hu Muren , Chen Qing , Ge Bujun , Huang Qi 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundGastric cancer is associated with tumor microenvironment and chronic inflammation, but the underlying tumor-promoting mechanisms still remain unknown.MethodsThe ATAC-seq was used to identify genes with chromatin accessibilities in promoter regions. The RNA-seq datasets were performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Pearson correlation analysis with the mRNA expression of three families of tumor-related inflammation TFs was used to filter downstream DEGs. Cox univariate survival analysis was performed to identify the prognostic value. The ImmPort database and CIBERSORTx algorithm were used to investigate the regulatory relationship between hub DEGs and immune cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and multidimensional database were performed to verification.ResultsIn this case, we require 2,454 genes with chromatin accessibility in promoter regions by ATAC-seq. Based on the gene expression profiles (RNA-seq), we identified 365 genes with chromatin accessibility and differential expression. Combined with the Cox univariate survival analysis, we identified 32 survival-related DEGs with chromatin accessibility. According to ImmPort database, CXCL3, PLXNC1, and EDN2 were identified as immune- related genes in STAD. By applying the CIBERSORTx algorithm and Pearson correlation, PLXNC1 was the only gene correlated with various immune cells, significantly associated with M2 macrophages. Furthermore, gene set variation analysis (GSVA) suggests the “hallmark_interferon_gamma_response” pathway was most significantly correlated with PLXNC1. Immunohistochemistry results revealed that PLXNC1 protein level was significantly higher in STAD tissues than in normal tissues (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionPLXNC1, regulated by IRF5, is an immune-related gene that was significantly associated with M2 macrophages and poor outcome in stomach adenocarcinoma.
m6A Regulator-Associated Modification Patterns and Immune Infiltration of the Tumor Microenvironment in Hepatocarcinoma
Authors: Li Jianhao , Wang Weiwei , Zhou Yubing , Liu Liwen , Zhang Guizhen , Guan Kelei , Cui Xichun , Liu Xin , Huang Maoxin , Cui Guangying , Sun Ranran 
Published: July 2021

Background: Immunotherapy elicits durable responses in many tumors. Nevertheless, the positive response to immunotherapy always depends on the dynamic interactions between the tumor cells and infiltrating lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Currently, the application of immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has achieved limited success. The ectopic modification of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a common feature in multiple tumors. However, the relationship between m6A modification with HCC clinical features, prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy efficacy remains unclear.Materials and Methods: Here, we comprehensively evaluated m6A modification clusters based on 22 m6A regulators and systematically explored the relationship between m6A modification with tumor progression, prognosis, and immune cell infiltration characteristics. The m6Ascore was calculated by principal component analysis to quantify the m6A modifications of individual patients. Key regulators involved in immunoregulation in HCC were identified using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.Results: Three distinct m6A modification clusters were identified. The m6A clusters were significantly associated with clinical features, prognosis, and immune cell infiltration. The three clusters were highly consistent with the three tumor immune phenotypes, i.e., immune-excluded, immune-inflamed, and immune-desert. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis revealed that high m6Ascore was closely associated with tumor progression, poor prognosis, and immunotherapy non-response. m6A regulators were dysregulated in HCC tissues. Hence, they play a role as predictors of poor prognosis. Tissue microarray demonstrated that overexpressed YTHDF1 was associated with low CD3+ and CD8+ T cell infiltration in HCC.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that m6A modification patterns play a crucial role in the tumor immune microenvironment and the prognosis of HCC. High YTHDF1 expression is closely associated with low CD3+ and CD8+ T cell infiltration in HCC.
Formaldehyde Analysis in Non-Aqueous Methanol Solutions by Infrared Spectroscopy and Electrospray Ionization
Authors: Barakoti Krishna K. , Subedi Pradeep , Chalyavi Farzaneh , Gutierrez-Portocarrero Salvador , Tucker Matthew J. , Alpuche-Aviles Mario A. 
Published: July 2021

We present the analysis of formaldehyde (HCHO) in anhydrous methanol (CH3OH) as a case study to quantify HCHO in non-aqueous samples. At higher concentrations (C &gt; 0.07 M), we detect a product of HCHO, methoxy methanol (MM, CH3OCH2OH), by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, FTIR. Formaldehyde reacts with CH3OH, CD3OH, and CD3OD as shown by FTIR with a characteristic spectral feature around 1,195 cm−1 for CH3OH used for the qualitative detection of MM, a formaldehyde derivative in neat methanol. Ab initio calculations support this assignment. The extinction coefficient for 1,195 cm−1 is in the order of 1.4 × 102 M−1cm−1, which makes the detection limit by FTIR in the order of 0.07 M. For lower concentrations, we performed the quantitative analysis of non-aqueous samples by derivatization with dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). The derivatization uses an aqueous H2SO4 solution to yield the formaldehyde derivatized hydrazone. Ba(OH)2 removes sulfate ions from the derivatized samples and a final extraction with isobutyl acetate to yield a 1:1 methanol: isobutyl acetate solvent for injection for electrospray ionization (ESI). The ESI analysis gave a linear calibration curve for concentrations from 10 to 200 µM with a time-of-flight analyzer (TOF). The detection and quantification limits are 7.8 and 26 μM, respectively, for a linear correlation with R2 &gt; 0.99. We propose that the formaldehyde in CH3OH is in equilibrium with the MM species, without evidence of HCHO in solution. In the presence of water, the peaks for MM become less resolved, as expected from the well-known equilibria of HCHO that favors the formation of methylene glycol and polymeric species. Our results show that HCHO, in methanol does not exist in the aldehyde form as the main chemical species. Still, HCHO is in equilibrium between the production of MM and the formation of hydrated species in the presence of water. We demonstrate the ESI-MS analysis of HCHO from a non-aqueous TiO2 suspension in methanol. Detection of HCHO after illumination of the colloid indicates that methanol photooxidation yields formaldehyde in equilibrium with the solvent.
Analysis of Hub Genes and the Mechanism of Immune Infiltration in Stanford Type a Aortic Dissection
Authors: Gao Haoyu , Sun Xiaogang , Liu Yanxiang , Liang Shenghua , Zhang Bowen , Wang Luchen , Ren Jie 
Published: July 2021

Background: Stanford type A aortic dissection (AAD) is a catastrophic disease. An immune infiltrate has been found within the aortic wall of dissected aortic specimens. The recall and activation of macrophages are key events in the early phases of AAD. Herein, the immune filtration profile of AAD was uncovered.Methods: Gene expression data from the GSE52093, GSE98770 and GSE153434 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of each dataset were calculated and then integrated. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established with the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING), and the hub genes were identified in Cytoscape. Furthermore, gene ontology (GO) functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of hub genes were performed. Finally, we set GSE52093 and GSE98770 as the training set and GSE153434 as the validation set to assess immune infiltration in AAD using CIBERSORTx and analyzed the correlations between immune cells and hub genes in both the training and validation sets.Results: Sixty-one integrated DEGs were identified. The top 10 hub genes were selected from the PPI network, and 140 biological process (BP) terms and 12 pathways were enriched among the top 10 hub genes. The proportions of monocytes and macrophages were significantly higher in AAD tissues than in normal tissues. Notably, this result was consistent in the training set and the validation set. In addition, we found that among the hub genes, CA9, CXCL5, GDF15, VEGFA, CCL20, HMOX1, and SPP1 were positively correlated with CD14, a cell marker of monocytes, while CA9, CXCL5, GDF15, and VEGFA were positively correlated with CD68, a cell marker of macrophages in the training set. Finally, according to the results of the GO and KEGG analysis of hub genes, we found that the monocyte/macrophage-related genes were involved in immune-inflammatory responses through degradation of the extracellular matrix, endothelial cell apoptosis, hypoxia and the interaction of cytokines and chemokines.Conclusion: The monocyte-macrophage system plays a major role in immune-inflammatory responses in the development of AAD. Several hub genes are involved in this process via diverse mechanisms.