bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capitalizing on Opportunities during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wang (王思萌) Simeng , Chen (陈柙兵) Xiabing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article analyses business transitions among Chinese immigrant entrepreneurs in France during the Covid-19 pandemic. Drawing on a historical overview of the development of ethnic Chinese businesses over the last century and an empirical study carried out in five different industrial sectors (import and export, retail, catering, hotel, and tobacco) of the French economy, we examine what challenges these entrepreneurs have faced during the pandemic, what strategies they have adopted in response to these challenges, and what has enabled them to shift business patterns and commercial practices in this unprecedented situation. Our findings show that the Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated the transition of Chinese immigrant entrepreneurship in France, from offline operations to digital business. However, the pandemic may not be the direct cause of this business transition; rather, it has created unique conditions which facilitate the transition. Before the pandemic, some Chinese entrepreneurs had already made or partially made the transition to “integrating online and offline businesses,” “hiring beyond Chinese ethnic networks,” and “paying attention to the local country’s policy directions,” which helped them greatly reduce the negative impacts of the pandemic. During the pandemic, two unprecedented business opportunities were opened up: “fostering local production” and “seeking low-risk sectors,” which some Chinese entrepreneurs have proactively pursued since April/May 2020. These may be the new trends for Chinese entrepreneurs in France in the future. Theoretically, our study suggests that business transitions among Chinese entrepreneurs in France need to be examined beyond the framework of pure economic rationality, taking into consideration the intersection of new dynamics of Chinese migration into host country and the cross-cultural, cross-institutional, cross-thinking, and cross-border social engagement of the entrepreneurs themselves before, during, and after the pandemic.
Transgenerational Intent of Taiwanese Business Families in Brisbane, Australia
Authors: Han (韩逸平) Stone , Chang (张静芳) Artemis Ching-Fang , Chung (钟喜梅) Hsi-Mei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of immigrant context on continuity and success in Chinese family business. We conceptualize the immigrant context as exposure to country differences in family logic, arguing that the immigrant context influences transgenerational intent by affecting family practices and relations. Based on a multiple-case study of Taiwanese business families in Brisbane, Australia, we show that variations in three family practices – parental control, children’s filial piety, and parental role in children’s career development – play an important role in this matter. To explain why, we theorize that the extent to which Taiwanese immigrant business families continue with or depart from traditional Chinese family logic in terms of these three practices enables particular meaning of intrafamily succession to prevail in the family, which ultimately affects their transgenerational intent.
Kuyper’s Spirituality in Its Calvin-Context
Authors: van Vlastuin Willem 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article explores Abraham Kuyper’s spirituality by comparing it to that of John Calvin. Calvin’s Institutes exhibits three dimensions of his spirituality in the context of the mystical union with Christ, namely, the affective character of this union, its effects and its significance for a correct estimation of the world. By comparison, Kuyper put a greater emphasis on the importance of the affections in mystical union because he gives more weight to the regenerated life. This focus also coheres with Kuyper’s more optimistic approach to the Christian life, which contrasts with Calvin’s emphasis on the need for daily justification. In Kuyper’s approach the indwelling of the Spirit represents the union between heaven and earth, while Calvin stresses that God’s future kingdom is beyond the here and now.
Legal Protection of the Right to be Forgotten on the Internet in European and Arab Legislation
Authors: Barafi Jamal , Al-Obeidi Ali Hadi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The development of the Internet and mass media has facilitated access to information and freedom of expression in unprecedented ways, but in so doing there have been many violations, especially of the right to privacy. Such violations have led to calls for the establishment of the right to be forgotten. In this paper, we focus on clarifying the concept of the right to be forgotten and the conditions for establishing this. Moreover, we consider the European approach to the right to be forgotten (RTBF), showing how different European instruments have been employed to recognize this right, such as recommendations, regulations, and directives, in order to coordinate national efforts on this issue. In addition, this paper will analyze the stance of some national Arabic legislation regarding the RTBF.
Female Representation in the Golden Age of Kuwaiti Television
Authors: Alshammari Shahd , Alshammari Abrar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper addresses the representation of female rebellion and madness in the Kuwaiti musalsal ʿIla al-dunya al-salam which was produced in 1987. The show revolves around two sisters, Mahthootha and Mabrooka, adult women who are residents of a mental institution. The law dictates that their uncle is their guardian and has complete control of their finances. He devises a plan to strip them of their rights and their inheritance by committing them to the psychiatric institution. At the hospital, the audience meets many women with similar fates. The stereotypes of madness present it as dangerous and as affecting more women than men. Male domination features as a recurrent theme throughout, as all the male characters abuse their power, whether in the form of familial or medical authority. The dichotomy of sane/insane is reversed as the characters outside the hospital are cruel, corrupt and yet empowered due to social factors, gender and class. The series raises important questions and considers patriarchal oppression and Kuwaiti women’s experience in both the private and public spheres.
Representations of Non-Resident Indians from the Gulf in Online Comedy Videos
Authors: Lenze Nele 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Longstanding connections between Indian residents and traders and the Gulf are not only featured in multiple Arab and Indian films but also in online media. Social media practices serve as tools to express and communicate identity through video and visual images. Self-representation of first- and second-generation Gulf migrants from Kerala finds its way into memes, GIF s and videos. On YouTube, comedic (self-) representation of Malayalis is introduced in a variety of genres, produced both in the United Arab Emirates and India. Although life in the Gulf is displayed from the perspective of more fortunate migrants, whose economic circumstances are often more secure than those of Indians in Kerela, these YouTube stories also depict alienation and their newfound identities as Indians from the Gulf. Ahmad Al Kaashekh’s Instagram and YouTube representations serve as one example of a comedic approach to claiming a Malayali identity in the Gulf. Through video analysis and interviews, I analyze notions of identity representation as well as the role of humor in the sources.
Changing Winds
Authors: Sunya Samhita 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
By exploring the case of Oman TV’s broadcasting of Indian films in the 1970s and 1980s, I uncover the gulf between historiographies of national cinema and television that are framed by histories of production, on the one hand, and accounts of (new) media distribution that are framed by neoliberal contexts of globalization since the late 1990s, on the other. From archival sources, including Indian government documents and trade journals, three intriguing patterns emerge: (1) In lists of countries to which Indian films were being exported in the 1980s, the importer is mentioned, specifically and uniquely, as ‘Oman TV’ instead of ‘Oman’. (2) By the 1980s, Oman TV was a crucial conduit through which Indian films were readily and easily available to audiences in Pakistan, among other locations across the Middle East and South Asia, regardless of national import/export policies. (3) Weekly broadcasts of Indian films on Oman TV fueled demand for both VHS tapes of Indian films and the local exhibition of Indian films in cinema halls. Together, these strands reveal a key moment of infrastructure development in the Gulf, a period of burgeoning labor migrations and major shifts in transregional media distribution and viewing practices.
Migrant Images
Authors: Menon Bindu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper is an exploration of the large corpus of vlogs and short films (produced by migrants) that carve out a moral language of citizenship in the city of Dubai. These visual materials were created by Filipinos, Pakistanis, Indians, Sri Lankans, Bangladeshis, Iranians and Nigerians; they circulate and function as visual maps that help migrants ‘see’ and negotiate the city. Speaking to categories of formal citizenship that evade them, the ‘undocumented’ and ‘illegal’ often erupt into visibility through these peripheral media texts. Set against the backdrop of formal media production in the highly organized media production zones of Dubai, this article explores what forms of aesthetic practice and cultural production emerge from the precarious conditions of migrant life. In doing so, the paper analyzes intersecting concepts of lateral agency, aesthetic forms, media labor and citizenship in the post-oil Dubai economy.
Blameworthiness and Time
Authors: Haji Ishtiyaque 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The following theses concerning moral obligation are widely accepted. Future Obligation: it is possible that at some time you are morally obligated to do something that you have not yet done but will do at a future time. Obligation-Changeability: it is possible that although it is obligatory, at some specified time, for you to do something later, at a time pursuant to this specified time you no longer have this obligation. The author argues that analogous theses concerning moral blameworthiness are true too: it’s possible that you may now be blameworthy for something you have not yet done but will do, and that blameworthiness can change with the passage of time.
Reasons to Be Rational
Authors: Gillessen Jens 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In the wake of Kolodny (2005) and Raz (2005), the normativity of rationality has become the topic of an intricate debate: what normative reasons are there, if any, to be rational? This article explains what kinds of ‘reasons to be rational’ there are. It then argues that, while we often have reason to be rationally disposed, rationality is neither itself normative nor necessarily underwritten by normative reasons – at any rate not when construed as conformance with coherence requirements. Allegedly omnipresent reasons to be coherent are shown to be ‘ghost-like’: hard to disprove, and yet irrational to believe in. This conclusion is rendered persuasive with scenarios featuring rewards for violating coherence constraints. The article also deals with the long-standing objection that such ‘irrationality rewards’ would be reasons ‘of the wrong kind’. Furthermore, Kolodny’s explanation of why rationality has the appearance of being normative is replaced with a more credible ‘error theory’.
La mise en scène de Fin de partie par Alain Françon
Authors: Protin Matthieu 
Published: October 2021

Résumé
A première vue, la mise en scène par Alain Françon, en 2011, de Fin de partie sur la scène du théâtre de la Madeleine, paraît s’ inscrire dans la tradition des mises en scène françaises soucieuses de respecter le texte, rien que le texte, et, évidemment, ses didascalies. Cependant, cette conformité n’ est qu’ apparente. En prenant en compte les mises en scène réalisées par Beckett lui-même, en établissant le texte à partir des réécritures opérées à l’ occasion de celles-ci, Alain Françon opère une véritable révolution – au sens de renversement du regard – dans l’ appréhension non seulement de l’ œuvre, mais de l’ auteur lui-même. Ainsi s’ opèrent un nombre de ruptures significatives qui la rendent à la fois exemplaire, et profondément singulière.
Beckett, une affaire de “sons fondamentaux”
Authors: Osinski Jacques , Clément Bruno 
Published: October 2021

Résumé
Jacques Osinski s’ entretient avec Bruno Clément des deux textes de Beckett qu’ il a récemment mis en scène en France (Cap au pire en 2017 et La dernière bande en 2019). C’ est pour lui l’ occasion de préciser qu’ il a voulu, dans ces deux spectacles comme dans ceux qu’ il prépare et qu’ il évoque aussi, être attentif à la musicalité du texte de Beckett comme à sa proximité avec la danse.
Integrative taxonomic revision of the New Caledonian endemic genus Taophila Heller (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Eumolpinae)
Authors: Platania Leonardo , Gómez-Zurita Jesús 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
There are 96 endemic species of Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) described from New Caledonia, but some estimates propose that the actual number could be at least twice this figure. Not surprisingly, when a particular species assemblage has been revised, the number of species in that group increases significantly. Here, we revise the New Caledonian endemic genus Taophila Heller, 1916, the best studied in this fauna and currently known to include eleven species, one in the subgenus Jolivetiana Gómez-Zurita & Cardoso, 2014, and ten in the nominal subgenus. The analysis of morphological differences in a large sample of Taophila and the validation of the resulting species hypotheses in an integrative fashion based on a phylogenetic analysis of partial mtDNA sequences (cox1 and rrnS) resulted in the addition of eleven more taxa. Taxonomic splits mainly reinterpreted the previous observation of mtDNA paraphyly affecting T. subsericea Heller, 1916, shown to represent a complex of species mostly distinguishable by diagnostic differences among females. The new species described are: T. bituberculata
n. sp., T. carinata
n. sp., T. dapportoi
n. sp., T. davincii
n. sp., T. draco
n. sp., T. goa
n. sp., T. hackae
n. sp., T. samuelsoni
n. sp., T. sideralis
n. sp., T. taaluny
n. sp. and T. wanati
n. sp. These additions and the synonymy T. subsericea Heller = Stethotes mandjeliae Jolivet, Verma & Mille, 2010 n. syn., bring to 21 the total number of species in Taophila. Moreover, we also found the first evidence of mtDNA introgression between species of New Caledonian Eumolpinae, resulting from putative recent hybridization of T. subsericea and T. dapportoi where these species coexist. We describe a model incorporating the mtDNA genealogy of T. subsericea about the conditions that may have favored the secondary geographic encounter required for the hybridization of these species.
The polyfunctional lexeme /fard/ in the Arabic dialects of Iraq and Khuzestan
Authors: Leitner Bettina , Procházka Stephan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The primary aim of this paper is to explore the functions of the word /fard/ in Iraqi and Khuzestani Arabic. The study is based on the analysis of various text corpora and the elicitation of further examples from native speakers of the varieties investigated. The analysis of these data has shown that /fard/ is a polyfunctional item. Its various functions are the result of several grammaticalization processes. In the first stage, the noun “individual” has become a quantifier that expresses singularity. From this stage it developed into an intensifier, a marker of approximation and the scalar adverb “only.” It has been demonstrated that, from its use as a presentative marker, it developed toward an indefinite article. In contrast to the definite article, which is a grammatical category in nearly every variety of Arabic, the use of an indefinite article is rarely found in spoken Arabic. In Iraqi and Khuzestani Arabic, /fard/ is an indefinite article that possesses a wide range of applications and only a limited set of constraints. Its use, however, remains optional to a very high degree. Its main function is that of a presentative—i.e., introducing a new referent into a discourse. In addition, it also functions as an individuation marker, as a marker for expressing the speaker’s epistemic status (knowledge/ignorance) regarding a referent, and indicating free choice from a set of potential referents. Related to this last function is its use as a mitigating device in imperatives and polite requests.
The Muʿtazila on Covenantal Theology: A Study of Individualist Approaches
Authors: Jaffer Tariq 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article examines how three leading exegetes of the Muʿtazilite school tradition – ʿAbd al-Jabbār (d. 415/1025), Jishumī (d. 494/1101), and Zamakhsharī (d. 538/1144) – conceptualized the Qurʾānic idea of covenant in divergent ways. It also illustrates how they related the idea of covenant to their broader thought world to forge an interpretation of the meaning of human history and salvation. It argues that these three commentators, although they are linked to one another by a loose form of teacher-student discipleship, share only basic ideas and applied hermeneutical devices and interpretive principles in considerably different ways. It is unlikely that they relied on one another when they composed their commentaries.
Seeking ‘Truth’ After Devastating, Multi-Layered Conflict
Authors: Owiso Owiso 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In August 2015, the Government of South Sudan and other parties to the country’s civil conflict signed a peace agreement, the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan, aimed at ending the civil conflict that broke out on 15 December 2013. After this agreement failed to hold, South Sudan descended into a second wave of civil conflict. A recommitment to the agreement was secured through regional efforts on 12 September 2018. Dubbed the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan, the agreement provides a transitional justice architecture which includes a truth commission, a hybrid court and a reparations authority. This paper examines the potential of the proposed Commission for Truth, Reconciliation and Healing to contribute towards sustainable transitional justice solutions in South Sudan, based on contemporary standards and practice of transitional justice. Through historical, descriptive and analytical approaches, the paper grapples with South Sudan’s complex truth-seeking journey following years of multi-layered conflict.
Verwaltetes Leben, erzähltes Leben
Authors: Brockstieger Sylvia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Writing by hand in calendaric diaries is one of the most important cultural techniques of the early modern period. The epistemic framework of the printed calendar, whose premises are by no means unproblematic, enables the writing self to document, narrate, and reflect on its own life against the background of the temporal framework of past, present, and future. Thereby, the latter is always subject to scrutiny by empiricism. The narrating ‘ego’ emerges from the calendaric order: authorship is constituted by an act of reception.
A Focus on Male Homosexuality in Psychoanalytic Literature
Authors: Cannou Emmanuel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Homosexuality has long been classified by many authors as a form of psychic immaturity. Today, it is widely accepted that homosexuality is not by definition a pathological development. In this article, I will focus on male homosexuality because I have been working with homosexual men for quite some time. In the first part, we will see that the Freudian and post-Freudian authors examined have largely emphasized the narcissistic failings of male homosexuals. In the Jungian corpus, which also serves as a reference, the homosexual is frequently considered as an individual whose relationship to his inner feminine is the result of a fusional identification with his mother. The abstract concepts of anima/animus have done little to remove homosexuality from the category of identity disorders. In the second part, I assume the possible existence of a homosexual instinct which everyone is confronted with and which would manifest itself in specific conditions. Certainly, no distinction between men and women should be made regarding my hypothesis of a homosexual instinct. However, from a scientific point of view, it has been impossible for me to prove that such an instinct really exists.
In and Around the Balkans: Romance Languages and the Making of Layered Languages
Authors: Gardani Francesco , Loporcaro Michele , Giudici Alberto 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The languages of the Balkans are a rich source of data on contact-induced language change. The result of a centuries long process of lexical and structural convergence has been referred to as a ‘sprachbund’. While widely applied, this notion has, however, increasingly been questioned with respect to its usefulness. Addressing the linguistic makeup of the Balkan languages, the notion of sprachbund is critically assessed. It is shown that a) the Balkan languages and the Balkan linguistic exclaves (Albanian and Greek spoken on the Italian peninsula) share similar contact-induced phenomena, and b) the principal processes underlying the development of the Balkan languages are borrowing and reanalysis, two fundamental and general mechanisms of language change.
Eastern and Western Romance in the Balkans – the Contrasting but Revealing Positions of the Danubian Romance Languages and Judezmo
Authors: Friedman Victor A. , Joseph Brian D. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The fate of two languages in the Balkans under conditions of language contact is discussed here. These languages, representing different branches of the Romance family, are the Ibero-Romance language Judezmo from the eastern branch and the South Danubian language Aromanian from the western branch. Both have been subject to intense contact with other languages in the Balkans but they show differential outcomes of this contact and thus differential degrees of involvement in the Balkan sprachbund. We document the similarities and differences in these outcomes, offer an explanation of their causes, and discuss the consequences they have for understanding the Balkan sprachbund.
Some temporal expressions in early Southern Min play scripts
Authors: LIEN Chinfa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Drawing on the data in early Southern Min play scripts, this paper explores temporal expressions—in particular temporal adverbials—which bear on the issues of their grammatical categories and syntactic placement. Considerable space is devoted to clarifying two kinds of distinctions of temporal adverbials on the strength of attested examples. A distinction is made between deictic temporal adverbials and determiner phrase-derived temporal adverbials. Similarly, durative adverbials are shown to behave differently from punctual adverbials. Finally, I argue that the metonymic semantic shift of deictic temporal adverbials denoting tomorrow and yesterday/the day before yesterday is grounded in the constraint of proximity to the deictic center of today in connection with the backdrop of diachronic development.