bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Path combinatorics and light leaves for quiver Hecke algebras
Authors: Bowman Chris , Cox Anton , Hazi Amit , Michailidis Dimitris 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe recast the classical notion of “standard tableaux" in an alcove-geometric setting and extend these classical ideas to all “reduced paths" in our geometry. This broader path-perspective is essential for implementing the higher categorical ideas of Elias–Williamson in the setting of quiver Hecke algebras. Our first main result is the construction of light leaves bases of quiver Hecke algebras. These bases are richer and encode more structural information than their classical counterparts, even in the case of the symmetric groups. Our second main result provides path-theoretic generators for the “Bott–Samelson truncation" of the quiver Hecke algebra.
Subterranean Microbiome Affiliations of Plantain (Musa spp.) Under Diverse Agroecologies of Western and Central Africa
Authors: Kaushal Manoj , Kolombia Yao , Alakonya Amos Emitati , Kuate Apollin Fotso , Ortega-Beltran Alejandro , Amah Delphine , Masso Cargele 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPlantain (Musa spp.) is a staple food crop and an important source of income for millions of smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, there is a paucity of knowledge on soil microbial diversity in agroecologies where plantains are grown. Microbial diversity that increases plant performance with multi-trophic interactions involving resiliency to environmental constraints is greatly needed. For this purpose, the bacterial and fungal communities of plantain fields in high rainfall forests (HR) and derived savannas (SV) were studied using Illumina MiSeq for 16S rDNA and ITS amplicon deep sequencing. Microbial richness (α- and β-diversity), operational taxonomic units, and Simpson and Shannon–Wiener indexes (observed species (Sobs), Chao, ACE; P < 0.05) suggested that there were significant differences between HR and SV agroecologies among the most abundant bacterial communities, and some specific dynamic response observed from fungal communities. Proteobacteria formed the predominant bacterial phylum (43.7%) succeeded by Firmicutes (24.7%), and Bacteroidetes (17.6%). Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Zygomycota were the three most dominant fungal phyla in both agroecologies. The results also revealed an immense array of beneficial microbes in the roots and rhizosphere of plantain, including Acinetobacter, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas spp. COG and KEGG Orthology database depicted significant variations in the functional attributes of microbes found in the rhizosphere to roots. This result indicates that the different agroecologies and host habitats differentially support the dynamic microbial profile and that helps in altering the structure in the rhizosphere zone for the sake of promoting synergistic host-microbe interactions particularly under resource-poor conditions of SSA.
Preventive treatment options for fear of falling within the Swiss healthcare system
Authors: Lenouvel Eric , Novak Lan , Biedermann Andreas , Kressig Reto W. , Klöppel Stefan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFear of falling (FoF) results in social, functional, physical, and psychological symptoms, including secondary disorders, such as depression and general anxiety disorder (GAD). A vicious cycle develops, where symptoms maintain and reinforce FoF and its consequences, including increasing the risk of falling. In this position paper, we suggest screening for FoF using the falls efficacy scale international (FES-I) questionnaire. The presence of a high score (> 23) warrants an investigation into frailty and exclusion of depression and GAD, during the clinical interview. Stratifying frailty, based on the Fried frailty criteria will guide treatment options based on the most significant health concerns. Frail older adults should first receive physiotherapy and exercise interventions, as physical disabilities are their most significant characteristic, while pre-frail and non-frail older adults should receive multicomponent interventions, consisting of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with physical exercise. The non-frail with predominantly GAD and depression should receive specialized CBT interventions. Currently, only exercise interventions are available for FoF treatment in Switzerland. Although some exercise interventions use CBT elements, such as goal setting and reflections on behavior and feelings, they are not systematically used, are not part of a quality-assured procedure, and do not address the psychological-cognitive aspects of FoF. As the pre-frail and non-frail are the largest groups to use these services, adapting current exercise programs by incorporating a CBT component would be the most practical means to provide optimized care.
The effect of elevated muscle pain on neuromuscular fatigue during exercise
Authors: Norbury Ryan , Smith Samuel A. , Burnley Mark , Judge Megan , Mauger Alexis R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Muscle pain can impair exercise performance but the mechanisms for this are unknown. This study examined the effects of muscle pain on neuromuscular fatigue during an endurance task.

Methods
On separate visits, twelve participants completed an isometric time-to-task failure (TTF) exercise of the right knee extensors at ~ 20% of maximum force following an intramuscular injection of isotonic saline (CTRL) or hypertonic saline (HYP) into the vastus lateralis. Measures of neuromuscular fatigue were taken before, during and after the TTF using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and peripheral nerve stimulation.

Results
The mean pain intensity was 57 ± 10 in HYP compared to 38 ± 18 in CTRL (P < 0.001). TTF was reduced in HYP (4.36 ± 0.88 min) compared to CTRL (5.20 ± 0.39 min) (P = 0.003). Maximum voluntary force was 12% lower at minute 1 (P = 0.003) and 11% lower at minute 2 in HYP (P = 0.013) compared to CTRL. Voluntary activation was 4% lower at minute 1 in HYP compared to CTRL (P = 0.006) but not at any other time point (all P > 0.05). The TMS silent period was 9% longer at 100 s during the TTF in HYP compared to CTRL (P = 0.026).

Conclusion
Muscle pain reduces exercise performance through the excacerbation of neuromuscular fatigue that is central in origin. This appears to be from inhibitory feedback from group III/IV nociceptors which acts to reduce central motor output.
The Need of a Systemic Approach in Climate Change Education: the Example of the EIT Climate-KIC Journey Summer School
Authors: Passarella Marinella 
Published: September 2021

AbstractClimate change is a “super wicked” problem. Policy regulation and research suggest that a systemic approach is needed and that education is a key element of the necessary multi-disciplinary, transformative, and holistic solutions. Higher education institutions can play a crucial role in facilitating mitigation and adaptation by enabling and empowering young generations to act. This article presents the work of Montanuniversität Leoben Resources Innovation Center (MUL RIC) in climate education actions, within the framework of EIT Climate-KIC. It gives insights from the largest summer school regarding climate system innovation in the EU—“The Journey”, which has been co-organized by MUL RIC since 2018. In this contribution, The Journey is shown as an example of a systemic approach applied to higher education as a driver of climate solutions. It also discusses how it relates to EU policy and to recommendations of higher education for climate change.
Nachhaltige Entwicklungsziele – Der Beitrag der Montanuniversität zur Erstellung eines Optionenpapiers für die österreichische Bundesregierung
Authors: Trummer Patrick 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Beschluss der Vereinten Nationen im Jahr 2015 zu Agenda 2030 für Nachhaltige Entwicklung hat zur Gründung des Projekts UniNEtZ in Österreich geführt. Ziel ist die Erarbeitung von Optionen zur Erreichung der Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Somit haben sich österreichische Universitäten und Forschungseinrichtungen aus den verschiedensten Disziplinen zusammengetan, um mit ihrem gemeinsamen Wissen und Erfahrungen Optionen gemeinsam zu entwickeln. Die Montanuniversität Leoben mit der Expertise im Bereich Rohstoffe, Werkstoffe und deren Verarbeitung ist dadurch ein wichtiger Partner. Das Resources Innovation Center Leoben als Teil der Montanuniversität ist federführenden bei SDG 7 und SDG 12. Die Thematik der Ressourcen speziell der mineralischen Rohstoffe adressiert das Subziel 12.2 und ist ebenso ein wesentlicher Bestandteil einer Kreislaufwirtschaft, da Rohstoffe eine essentielle Rolle in einer industrialisierten Welt spielen. Eine effiziente und effektive Nutzung von Ressourcen stellt eine Schüsselfunktion für eine Nachhaltige Entwicklung dar. Daraus entstand im SDG 12 eine Option zum Thema Rohstoffe, die sich speziell am Beginn der Kreislaufwirtschaft platziert. Ziele sind die nachhaltige Gestaltung von Produktionsprozessen, die ganzheitliche Verwendung von Rohstoffen sowie ein nachhaltiges und intelligentes Rohstoffmanagement zu forcieren.
Survival rate and peri-implant evaluation of immediately loaded dental implants in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Andrade Carlos Alexandre Soares , Paz João Lucas Carvalho , de Melo Gabriel Simino , Mahrouseh Nour , Januário Alessandro Lourenço , Capeletti Lucas Raineri 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the survival rate, success rate, and peri-implant biological changes of immediately loaded dental implants (ILs) placed in type 2 diabetic patients (DM2).

Materials and methods
The present study was registered on PROSPERO and followed the PRISMA checklist. The search was performed by the first reviewer in January 2021. The electronic databases used were MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane, BVS, Web of Science, Scopus, LIVIVO, and gray literature. The risk of bias analysis was performed using an instrument from the Joanna Briggs Institute.

Results
A total of 3566 titles and abstracts were obtained. The qualitative synthesis included 7 studies, while the quantitative synthesis included 5 studies. The meta-analysis of IL in individuals with DM2 compared to nondiabetic individuals showed no significant difference among the groups regarding the survival rate of dental implants (RR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.96–1.04; p = 0.91; I2 = 0%), even if the patient had poor glycemic control (RR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.87–1.33; p = 0.48; I2 = 70%). Meta-analysis of marginal bone loss in IL compared to conventional loading in DM2 patients also showed no significant difference (mean difference =  − 0.08, 95% CI − 0.25–0.08; p = 0.33; I2 = 83%).

Conclusions
Type 2 diabetes mellitus does not seem to be a risk factor for immediately loaded implants if the glycemic level is controlled, the oral hygiene is satisfactory, and the technical steps are strictly followed.
Clinical relevance
Rehabilitation in diabetic individuals is more common due to the highest prevalence of edentulism in this population. It is essential to establish appropriate protocols for loading dental implants.
Clamped-end effect on static detection signals of DNA-microcantilever
Authors: Wu Junzheng , Zhang Nenghui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBoundary constraint induced inhomogeneous effects are important for mechanical responses of nano/micro-devices. For microcantilever sensors, the clamped-end constraint induced inhomogeneous effect of static deformation, so called the clamped-end effect, has great influence on the detection signals. This paper is devoted to developing an alternative mechanical model to characterize the clamped-end effect on the static detection signals of the DNA-microcantilever. Different from the previous concentrated load models, the DNA adsorption is taken as an equivalent uniformly distributed tangential load on the substrate upper surface, which exactly satisfies the zero force boundary condition at the free-end. Thereout, a variable coefficient differential governing equation describing the non-uniform deformation of the DNA-microcantilever induced by the clamped-end constraint is established by using the principle of minimum potential energy. By reducing the order of the governing equation, the analytical solutions of the curvature distribution and static bending deflection are obtained. By comparing with the previous approximate surface stress models, the clamped-end effect on the static deflection signals is discussed, and the importance of the neutral axis shift effect is also illustrated for the asymmetric laminated microcantilever.
Sleep medication use and risk of fractures in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Haque Reina , Chlebowski Rowan T. , Chen LieHong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Sleep problems are more common in breast cancer survivors than those without a cancer history. Our goal was to examine the risk of fractures among breast cancers survivors who used prescription sleep aids.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 21,346 adult women diagnosed with stage 0–III breast cancer between 2009 and 2016 and followed them through 2017. We examined person-year rates of fractures by sleep medication use and calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with Cox proportional hazards models using time-dependent variables for sleep medications and covariate medications (antidepressants, anti-anxiety medications, and bisphosphonates) adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, and tumor characteristics and cancer treatments.

Results
The sleep medication use was common (40%) in breast cancer survivors and was associated with a 33% increased risk of fractures (adjusted HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.20–1.49). Further, in a sensitivity analysis based on new use of sleep medication, the fracture risk was even stronger (adjusted HR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.26–1.64).

Conclusion
Given the high use of sleep medications and the high risk of fractures in breast cancer survivors, this study suggests that non-pharmacologic management of sleep problems might be considered as alternative therapy.
Explicating Exact versus Conceptual Replication
Authors: Hudson Robert 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhat does it mean to replicate an experiment? A distinction is often drawn between ‘exact’ (or ‘direct’) and ‘conceptual’ replication. However, in recent work, Uljana Feest argues that the notion of replication in itself, whether exact or conceptual, is flawed due to the problem of systematic error, and Edouard Machery argues that, although the notion of replication is not flawed, we should nevertheless dispense with the distinction between exact and conceptual replication. My plan in this paper is to defend the value of replication, along with the distinction between exact and conceptual replication, from the critiques of Feest and Machery. To that end, I provide an explication of conceptual replication, and distinguish it from what I call ‘experimental’ replication. On the basis, then, of a tripartite distinction between exact, experimental and conceptual replication, I argue in response to Feest that replication is still informative despite the prospect of systematic error. I also rebut Machery’s claim that conceptual replication is fundamentally confused and wrongly conflates replication and extension, and in turn raise some objections to his own Resampling Account of replication.
Assessing Psychosocial Distress in Cystic Fibrosis: Validation of the ‘Distress in Cystic Fibrosis Scale’
Authors: Finlay Caroline , Patel Sejal , Evans Jonathan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractExperiences of anxiety and depression are common in adults with Cystic Fibrosis (AwCF) (e.g. Quittner in Thorax 69:1090-1097, 2014) and may impact on a wide range of important health-related behaviours, such as adherence to medication and timely attendance for medical review when experiencing pulmonary exacerbation. Common screening measures used in CF such as the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 may reflect an absence of anxiety or depression when clinically significant emotional difficulties are apparent on further assessment. This study preliminarily validated the previously developed Distress in Cystic Fibrosis Scale (DCFS) (Patel in Journal of Cystic Fibrosis 15:S26, 2016); a 23-item questionnaire to assess psychosocial distress in AwCF. Inpatient and outpatient participants with CF (N = 119) completed a battery of questionnaires, including the DCFS. PCA results supported a single component model. The DCFS showed high internal consistency and correlated significantly with measures of mood and quality of life. The DCFS shows promise as a screening tool to assess clinically significant psychosocial distress in an adult CF population.
Parenting Skills, Family Functioning and Social Support in Situations of Child-to-Parent Violence: a Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Arias-Rivera Shirley , Lorence Bárbara , Hidalgo Victoria 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to carry out a scoping review to analyze the available evidence regarding parenting skills, family functioning and social support in situations of CPV. When violent behavior occurs, roles, communication and emotional expression are affected, impacting both parenting skills and family functioning. The confluence of these variables could explain the perpetuation of violent behavior over time. The scoping review encompassed peer-reviewed articles published in English and Spanish from 2000 to 2019, located through searches carried out in relevant international databases (Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, ERIC, Dialnet Plus). 22 relevant studies were identified. The collected data showed that, in situations of CPV, parents have low levels of perceived self-efficacy and difficulties regulating their emotions, and they display submissive behavior in parent–child interactions. The analyzed articles also described the presence of a negative family climate and a tendency to relativize violent acts perpetrated by children. Lastly, the evidence shows that social relations are altered by mistrust of formal support resources and a certain level of social isolation. The discussion of the obtained results highlights the need for interventions aimed at fostering parenting skills and improving formal support resources to enhance family functioning in situations of CPV.
Error Constants for the Semi-Discrete Galerkin Approximation of the Linear Heat Equation
Authors: Mizuguchi Makoto , Nakao Mitsuhiro T. , Sekine Kouta , Oishi Shin’ichi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we propose $$L^2(J;H^1_0(\Omega ))$$

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and $$L^2(J;L^2(\Omega ))$$

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norm error estimates that provide the explicit values of the error constants for the semi-discrete Galerkin approximation of the linear heat equation. The derivation of these error estimates shows the convergence of the approximation to the weak solution of the linear heat equation. Furthermore, explicit values of the error constants for these estimates play an important role in the computer-assisted existential proofs of solutions to semi-linear parabolic partial differential equations. In particular, the constants provided in this paper are better than the existing constants and, in a sense, the best possible.
Non-technical losses detection in energy consumption focusing on energy recovery and explainability
Authors: Coma-Puig Bernat , Carmona Josep 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNon-technical losses (NTL) is a problem that many utility companies try to solve, often using black-box supervised classification algorithms. In general, this approach achieves good results. However, in practice, NTL detection faces technical, economic, and transparency challenges that cannot be easily solved and which compromise the quality and fairness of the predictions. In this work, we contextualise these problems in an NTL detection system built for an international utility company. We explain how we have mitigated them by moving from classification into a regression system and introducing explanatory techniques to improve its accuracy and understanding. As we show in this work, the regression approach can be a good option to mitigate these technical problems, and can be adjusted in order to capture the most striking NTL cases. Moreover, explainable AI (through Shapley Values) allows us to both validate the correctness of the regression approach in this context beyond benchmarking, and improve the transparency of our system drastically.
Future Directions for Clinical Respiratory Fungal Research
Authors: Armstrong-James Darius 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThere has been a growing appreciation of the importance of respiratory fungal diseases in recent years, with better understanding of their prevalence as well as their global distribution. In step with the greater awareness of these complex infections, we are currently poised to make major advances in the characterization and treatment of these fungal diseases, which in itself is largely a consequence of post-genomic technologies which have enabled rational drug development and a path towards personalized medicines. These advances are set against a backdrop of globalization and anthropogenic change, which have impacted the world-wide distribution of fungi and antifungal resistance, as well as our built environment. The current revolution in immunomodulatory therapies has led to a rapidly evolving population at-risk for respiratory fungal disease. Whilst challenges are considerable, perhaps the tools we now have to manage these infections are up to this challenge. There has been a welcome acceleration of the antifungal pipeline in recent years, with a number of new drug classes in clinical or pre-clinical development, as well as new focus on inhaled antifungal drug delivery. The “post-genomic” revolution has opened up metagenomic diagnostic approaches spanning host immunogenetics to the fungal mycobiome that have allowed better characterization of respiratory fungal disease endotypes. When these advances are considered together the key challenge is clear: to develop a personalized medicine framework to enable a rational therapeutic approach.