bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Color Doppler Ultrasonography of an Agitated Solution is Predictive of Accurate Catheter Placement for a Continuous Popliteal Sciatic Nerve Block
Authors: Bowens Clifford , Badiola Ignacio , Allen Brian , Canlas Christopher , Gupta Rajnish , Jaeger Lisa , Briggs Eric , Corey John , Shi Yaping , Schildcrout Jonathan , Malchow Randall 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Continuous peripheral nerve catheters (PNCs) have been shown to provide superior postoperative analgesia, decrease opioid consumption, and improve patient satisfaction compared with single injection techniques. In order to achieve success and reliability, accurate catheter positioning is an essential element of PNC placement. An agitated solution of normal saline, D5W, or a local anesthetic solution can be produced by the introduction of air to the injectate, creating air bubbles that can enhance ultrasonographic visualization and possibly improve block success.Methods: Eighty-three patients were enrolled. Ultrasound-guided continuous popliteal sciatic nerve blocks were performed by positioning the tip of a Tuohy needle between the tibial and common peroneal branches of the sciatic nerve and threading a catheter. An agitated local anesthetic solution was injected through the catheter, viewed with color Doppler ultrasound and video recorded. A peripheral block score (lower score = greater blockade, range 0-14) was calculated based upon the motor and sensory testing at 10, 20, and 30 minutes after block completion. The color Doppler agitation coverage pattern for the branches of the sciatic nerve was graded as follows: complete (> 50%), partial (> 0%, ≤ 50%), or none (0%).Results: The degree of nerve blockade at 30 minutes as judged by median (10 th, 90 th percentile) peripheral block score was significant for partial or complete color Doppler coverage of the sciatic nerve injectate compared to no coverage [3 (0, 7) vs 8 (4, 14); p < 0.01] and block onset was faster (p = 0.03). The block success was higher in groups with partial or complete coverage of the branches of the sciatic nerve vs no coverage (96% vs 70%; p = 0.02).Conclusions: Injection of an agitated solution through a popliteal sciatic perineural catheter is predictive of accurate catheter placement when partial or complete coverage of the sciatic nerve branches is visualized with color Doppler ultrasound.Trial Registration: NCT01591603
Heterologous Expression, Characterization and Evolution Prediction of a Diaphorase From Geobacillus sp. Y4.1MC1
Authors: Shang Jinzhao , Yue Shuohao , Zeng Fang , Chen Yun , Jia Longgang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
β-hydroxybutyric acid is the most sensitive indicator in ketoacidosis detection, and accounts for nearly 78% of the ketone bodies. Diaphorase is commonly used to detect the β-hydroxybutyric acid in clinical diagnosis. However, the extraction of diaphorase from animal myocardium is complex and low-yield, which is not convenient for large-scale production. In this study, a diaphorase from Geobacillus sp. Y4.1MC1 was efficiently heterologous expressed and purified in E. coli a yield of 110 mg/L culture. The optimal temperature and pH of this recombinant diaphorase (rDIA) were 55 °C and 6.5, respectively. It was proved that rDIA was a dual acid- and thermo-stable enzyme, and which showed much more accurate detection of β-hydroxybutyric acid than the commercial enzyme. Additionally, we also investigated the molecular interaction of rDIA with the substrate, and the conformation transition in different pH values by using homology modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The results showed that 141-161 domain of rDIA played important role in the structure changes and conformations transmission at different pH values. Moreover, it was predicted that F105W, F105R and M186R mutants were able to improve the binding affinity of rDIA, and A2Y, P35F, Q36D, N210L, F211Y mutants were benefit for the stability of rDIA.
Percutaneous Full Endoscopic Posterior Decompression for Revision of Lumbar Spinal Dynamic Stabilization
Authors: Zheng Changkun , Liao Zhong , cui Weiliang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective: The objective of this article was to analysis the efficacy of percutaneous full endoscopic posterior decompression for revision of lumbar spinal dynamic stabilization.Methods: Twenty consecutive patients with failed lumbar spinal dynamic stabilization presenting with leg pain that had supporting imaging diagnosis of lateral stenosis and /or residual / recurrent disc herniation, or whose pain complaint was supported by relief from diagnostic and therapeutic injections, were offered percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy and foraminoplasty over a repeat open procedure. Each patient sought consultation following a transient successful, partially successful or unsuccessful open lumbar spinal dynamic stabilization surgery for disc herniation or spinal stenosis. Endoscopic foraminoplasty was also performed to either decompress the bony foramen for foraminal stenosis, or foraminoplasty to allow for endoscopic visual examination of the affected traversing and exiting nerve roots in the axilla. The average follow up time was, average 37.9 months, minimum 24 months. Outcome data at each visit included Macnab, VAS and ODI.Results: The average leg Visual Analog Scale improved from 8.9 ± 2.6 to 1.08± 0.7 (p < 0.005). Fifteen patients had excellent outcomes, four had good outcomes, one had fair outcomes, and no had poor outcomes, according to the Macnab criteria (Table 2). Nineteen of 20 patients had excellent or good outcomes, for an overall success rate of 95%. No patients required reoperation. There were no incidental durotomies, infections, vascular or visceral injuries. They were also relieved to be able to avoid "open" decompression.Conclusion: The transforaminal endoscopic approach is effective for failed lumbar spinal dynamic stabilization surgery due to residual/recurrent nucleus pulposus and lateral stenosis. Failed initial index surgery may involve failure to recognize patho-anatomy in the axilla of the foramen housing the traversing and the exiting nerve. The transforaminal endoscopic approach effectively decompresses the foramen and does not further destabilize the spine needing stabilization. It also avoids going through the previous surgical site.
Topical Corticosteroid Therapy for Facial Acneiform Eruption due to EGFR Inhibitors in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Starting with a Very Strong or a Weak Topical Corticosteroid (FAEISS Study, NCCH1512, Colorectal Part)
Authors: Kikuchi Katsuko , Yamazaki Naoya , Nozawa Keiko , Fukuda Haruhiko , Shibata Taro , Machida Ryunosuke , Hamaguchi Tetsuya , Takashima Atsuo , Shoji Hirokazu , Boku Narikazu , Takatsuka Sumiko , Takenouchi Tatsuya , Nishina Tomohiro , Yoshikawa Shusuke , Takahashi Masanobu , Hasegawa Akiko , Kawazoe Akihito , Masuishi Toshiki , Mizutani Hitoshi , Kiyohara Yoshio 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Althoughpre-emptive therapy with oral tetracycline, moisturizer, sunscreen and topical corticosteroid isuseful for preventing acneiform eruption (AfE) due to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, no studies have examinedthe efficacy of topical corticosteroids themselves, or investigated the optimal strength of the corticosteroid for treating facial AfE (FAfE).Patients and Methods: Screened patients with RAS wild-typecolorectal cancerstarted pre-emptive therapy with oral minocycline and moisturizeron initiation of cetuximab or panitumumab therapy. Patients who developed grade 1 or 2 FAfEwere randomly allocated to two groups:a ranking-down (RD) group,started with a very strong corticosteroid, and serially ranked down every 2 weeks unless FAfE exacerbated, and a ranking-up (RU) group, started with a weak corticosteroid and serially ranked up at exacerbation. FAfE grade, patient quality of life, and adverse events (AEs) with topical corticosteroid were evaluated every 2 weeks.The primary endpoint was the total number of times grade 2 or higher FAfEidentified in thecentral review of the 8-weektreatment period.Results: No significant differences in total numbers of grade 2 or higher FAfE and inAEs caused by topical corticosteroids were observedbetweengroups during the 8-week. Incidence of grade 2 or higher FAfEwas tended to lower inthe RD group during the first 2 weeks.Conclusion: Considering long-term care of FAfE, the RU regimen appears suitableand should be considered the standard treatment for FAfEdue to EGFR inhibitor therapy. Trial registration: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000024113)
Long COVID in Hospitalized and Non-Hospitalized Patients in a Large Cohort in Northwest Spain, A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: González Alexandre Pérez , Araújo Alejandro , Fernández-Villar Alberto , Crespo Manuel , Poveda Eva 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background. Survivors to COVID-19 have described long-term symptoms after acute disease. These signs constitute a heterogeneous group named long COVID or persistent COVID.Objective: The aim of this study is to describe persisting symptoms six months after COVID-19 diagnosis in a prospective cohort in the Northwest SpainDesign. This is a prospective cohort study performed in the COVID-19 Cohort of Galicia Sur Health Institute (COHVID-GS). Participants: This cohort includes patients in clinical follow-up in a health area of 569,534 inhabitants after SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 diagnosis. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics were collected during the follow up.Main measures and key results. A total of 284 patients completed 6 months follow-up, 176 (69.4%) required hospitalization and 29 (10.2%) of them needed critical care. At six months, 119 (48.0%) patients described one or more persisting symptoms. The most prevalent were: extra-thoracic symptoms (39.1%), chest symptoms (27%), dyspnoea (20.6%), and fatigue (16.1%). These symptoms were more common in hospitalized patients (52.3% vs 38.2%) and in women (59.0% vs 40.5%). The multivariate analysis identified Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), female gender and tobacco consumption as risk factors for long COVID.Conclusions. Persisting symptoms are common after COVID-19 especially in hospitalized patients compared to outpatients (52.3% vs. 38.2%). Based on these findings, special attention and clinical follow-up after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection should be provided for hospitalized patients with previous lung diseases, tobacco consumption, and females.
Agro-Waste Mediated Silica Nanoparticles and Their Application to Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Goswami Pooja , Mathur Jyoti 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Sustainable managing of environment implies the utilization of green approaches in agronomy for growth and crop protection. Since crop production is determined by extensive application of pesticide to resist plant infection and fertilizers to increase fertility of soil, these processes result in ecological unit deterioration as well economic cost. The current research aims at assessment of the potential of nanofertilizers and fungicidal activity of Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) which have synthesized from agro-waste (sugarcane bagasse and corn cob).SiNPs Nanoparticles display exceptional biological functions and might behave as novel antifungal agents. SiNPs were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX).The plant reaction to SiNPs treatments were observed in relation to germination, growth characteristics, protein, chlorophyll, antioxidant and antifungal activities. Germination rate was enhanced upto 95.5% with SiNPsconcentration and growth parameters were increased upto1000ugL-1. The physiological changes showed the increment in protein and chlorophyll content upto 14.8mg g-1 and 4.08 mg g-1, respectively. Other than this, maximum mycelia growth inhibition was reported for Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger as73.42% and 58.92%, respectively. SiNPs positive response on Eruca sativa plant might improve its productivity and act as a potential antifungal agent against pathogenic fungi.
The Effect of Amendment Addition Drill Cuttings On Heavy Metals Accumulation In Soils And Plants: Experimental Study And Artificial Network Simulation
Authors: Kujawska Justyna , Pawłowska Małgorzata 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A greenhouse experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of drill cuttings addition on the accumulation of heavy metals in soil, in plant biomass (Trifolium pretense L.) cultivated on soils with the addition of this type of waste. The transfer and transformation of heavy metals in the soil with drill cuttings– Trifolium pretense L were discussed.Drilling waste in the amount of 2.5%, 5%, 10% and 15% of dry weight were added to acidic soil. The concentrations of heavy metals in the soil and plant materials were determined by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method. Results indicated that drilling wastes addition had a positive influence on the growth of Trifolium pretense L. However, the concentrations of heavy metals increased in the prepared mixtures along with the dose of drilling wastes. The drilling wastes addition also changed the metal accumulation capacity in plant parts. Nevertheless, the concentrations of heavy metals in soils and above-ground parts of plants did not exceed the permissible values in respective legal standards. The values of the heavy metals bioconcentration coefficient in Trifolium pretense L at the highest dose of drill cuttings were as follows: in the above-ground parts Cd>Cu>Ni>Cr>Pb>Zn, in roots Cd>Ni>Cr>Zn>Pb>Cu.An artificial neural network model was developed in order to predict the concentration of heavy metals in the plants cultivated on the soils polluted with drill cuttings. The input (drill cuttings dose, pH, organic matter content) and the output data (concentration of heavy metals in the shoot cover) were simulated using an artificial neural network program. The results of this study indicate that an artificial neural network trained for experimental measurements can be successfully employed to rapidly predict the heavy metal content in clover. The artificial neural network achieved coefficients of correlation over 90%.
The Anatomical Position and Size of Greater Palatine Foramen and Canal in an Iranian Sample Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Valizadeh Solmaz , Ahmadi Seyedeh Mahshid , Ahsaie Mitra Ghazizadeh , Vasegh Zahra , Jamalzadeh Navid 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
IntroductionDetection of exact location of greater palatine foramen and its anatomical variations are vital prior to posterior maxillary surgeries and gingival grafts. The aim of this study is to determine the anatomical position and size of the greater palatine canal (GPC) and foramen (GPF) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans.Materials and methodsIn this descriptive-analytic study, CBCT images of 148 patients were assessed. To determine the anatomical foramen position, the posterior maxilla area was divided into five regions on the axial view (A: from the mesial surface of the second molar to the center of the second molar, B: from the center of the second molar to its distal, C: from the mesial surface of the third molar to the center of the third molar, D: from the center of the third molar to the distal of the third molar, E: distal to the third molar.). The length of the canal was investigated on both coronal and sagittal views. Independent and paired T-test were used to analyze the data.ResultsAmong 80 females -68 males, the anatomical position of the GPF was mainly located in region E on the left (55%) and the right (50%), and then, respectively, in region D and region C. The mean diameter of GPF was 4/48 mm on the left and 4/63 mm on the right side (P-value = 0/01). The average length of the canal on the coronal view was 29.46 mm on the left side and 29.75 mm on the right (P-Value = 0/005). The average length of the canal on the sagittal view was 29.62 mm on the left and 30.02 mm on the right (P-value = 0/001).ConclusionThe anatomical position of the GPF was primarily located distal to the third maxillary molar. CBCT is a valuable diagnostic tool for evaluation of vital anatomic landmarks in the maxillofacial region prior to surgeries and interventions.
Pickering Emulsion Stabilized By Hydrophobically Modified Spherical Cellulose Nanocrystals With Special Response To pH
Authors: Dong Hui , Jiang Yifei , Li Xia , Han Wenjia , Ding Qijun , Lou Jiang , Zhang Yang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The aims of this study were to study the performance changes of S-CNCs (spherical cellulose nanocrystals) modified by OSA (octenyl succinic anhydride) stabilized Pickering oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and contact angle change of the MS-CNCs (modified spherical cellulose nanocrystals) prove the successful modification of OSA and the improvement of hydrophobicity. The effect of a series of MS-CNCs concentration on the volume mean diameter, emulsion ratio, stability and micro-rheological characteristic viscosity of the emulsion was studied. The results show that the emulsifying ability of the S-CNCs have been greatly improved. In addition, at a concentration of 10g/l, the volume mean diameter reaches the nanometer level (0.95 µm), and the emulsion ratio reaches 100%, while still maintaining its unique ultra-low viscosity characteristics. Furthermore, the emulsion still exhibits high-strength resistance to ionic strength, but exhibits unique responsiveness to pH (pH≤5) at special stages.
Co-Creation of HIVST Delivery Approaches for Improving Urban Men’s Engagement with HIV Services in eThekwini District, KwaZulu-Natal: Nominal Group Technique
Authors: Mashamba-Thompson Tivani , Lessells Richard , Dzinamarira Tafadzwa , Drain Paul , Thabane Lehana 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: HIV self-testing (HIVST) is one of the recommended approaches for HIV testing services, particularly for helping reach populations who would not normally access facility-based HIV testing. HIVST must be tailored to different populations to ensure uptake. Objective: The main objective of this study was to develop an acceptable HIVST delivery strategy to help improve urban men’s engagement with HIV services. Methods: We invited key stakeholders for urban men’s HIV services to participate in a co-creation workshop aimed at developing HIVST delivery approaches for urban men, using eThekwini municipality as a study setting. We conducted purposive sampling to include health care users and health care providers, representing a range of views across the public sector and voluntary sector. We employed the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) method for data collection. The NGT workshop was conducted in two consecutive phases: phase one was focused on determining barriers for men’s engagement with the current/facility-based HIV testing services; phase two was aimed at determining HIVST delivery strategies. We used the results of the NGT to design a tailored HIVST strategy for urban men in eThekwini District. Results: Participants identified the following psychological factors as the most important barriers to uptake of HIV testing services by urban men: stigma, ignorance about the importance of testing and testing process as well as fear of positive test results. Key stakeholders suggested internal motivation strategies as a potentially effective approach to support HIVST delivery strategy. Guided by the NGT results, we designed a HIVST delivery strategy that is supported by a risk communication approach. Conclusion: We designed an evidence-based risk communication mobile health (mHealth) strategy coupled with SARS COV-2 self-testing tailored to improve men’s uptake of HIVST. A follow-up study to evaluate the feasibility of implementing these approaches is recommended.
The Influence of the Femoral Condyle Sagittal Curvature on ACL Rupture
Authors: Milovanović Darko , Bumbaširević Marko , Kadija Marko , Begović Ninoslav , Djulejić Vuk , Aleksić Dubravka , Starčević Ana , Stijak Lazar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The femoral condyle diameter may influence anterior tibial translation whose main stabilizer is the ACL. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of the size of the lateral and medial femoral condyles on ACL rupture. Methods: 41 matched pairs of subjects were included in the study who had suffered knee injury and were either professional or recreational athletes engaged in track and field or sports involving intensive rotation movements. The experimental group was composed of patients with ACL rupture, while the control group comprised patients with joint distortion without ACL. The diameter of the medial and lateral condyles were measured on sagittal MRI images of these patients’ knees. Results: Subjects with ACL rupture had a highly statistically significantly shorter diameter of the lateral condyle as compared to their matched pairs from the control group (p<0.01). Also, the lateral condyle of the subjects with ACL rupture had a significantly lesser diameter as compared to the medial condyle (p<0.01), which was not the case in patients without ACL rupture (p>0.05). Patients with intact ACL demonstrated significant indirect correlation of the diameter of both femoral condyles with the valgus angle of the lower leg (p<0.01). Conclusions: The shorter diameter of the lateral femoral condyle is connected with ACL rupture, both in women and men. The lack of correlation between the diameter of the femoral condyles and the valgus angle of the lower leg also represents a factor connected to ACL rupture.