bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioeconomic Analysis of Flavobacterium columnare Vaccine Pond Trials with Channel Catfish
Authors: Malecki Jillian K. , Roy Luke A. , Arias Cova R. , Nhat Truong Triet , Hanson Terrill R. , Lange Miles D. , Shoemaker Craig A. , Beck Benjamin H. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
While Flavobacterium columnare is a well-known fish pathogen that has been studied for over 100 years, columnaris disease remains poorly controlled and is in need of improved management solutions for U.S. catfish producers. Outside of therapeutants, the disease remains relatively unchallenged in the commercial catfish industry. Attempts to improve the management of this disease have led to the development of a live-attenuated genetic group 2 F. columnare vaccine (hereafter, “17-23 vaccine”) administered via immersion to fingerling-stage Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus. The 17-23 vaccine was confirmed to protect against F. columnare in Channel Catfish fry during previous studies. In the present study, we investigated and compared the efficacy of the 17-23 vaccine in Channel Catfish fingerlings versus nonvaccinated (control) fingerlings grown to food-size fish in earthen ponds. Data were collected from the two treatments (n = 5 ponds/treatment) to evaluate impacts on survival, growth, feed conversion, antibody development, and economic benefit. There were no natural outbreaks of columnaris disease observed during the trial and no significant difference in survival of vaccinated versus control fish. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results determined that the anti-F. columnare 17-23 antibody concentrations were significantly higher in vaccinated fish at 4 weeks postvaccination but not at 12 weeks. Vaccinated fish had a significantly higher average weight at harvest (mean ± SE = 357.5 ± 30 g) than control fish (289.3 ± 20 g), and the feed conversion ratio of vaccinated fish (1.35) was significantly better than that of control fish (2.13). Partial budget analysis of changing production from use of nonvaccinated fingerlings to use of 17-23 vaccinated fingerlings for grow out resulted in a net benefit of US$1,443/ha. Based on these results, the vaccine appears to show potential economic benefit to producers but should be further substantiated under both research and commercial settings.
Imidazolium‐based poly(ionic liquid)s for demulsification of water in crude oil emulsions
Authors: Ahmadi Leila , Ahmadi Ebrahim , Mohamadnia Zahra 
Published: April 2021

Imidazolium‐based ionic liquids (ILs) and their corresponding poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) as powerful demulsifiers for water separation from the crude oil emulsions were used. Vinyl imidazolium‐based ILs were prepared and then polymerized according to the free radical homo‐polymerization. NMR and FT‐IR analyses confirmed the successful synthesis of ILs and their corresponding polymers. Demulsifying properties of different synthetic ILs, including [C12‐VIM][Br], [C10‐VIM][Br], [C8‐VIM][Br], [C6‐VIM][Br], [C4‐VIM][Br], and [Benzyl‐VIM][Br]) and their analogous poly(ionic liquid)s were evaluated and compared with each other. The influence of the important parameters on the emulsion breaking such as demulsifier concentration, the alkyl chain length of the synthesized demulsifiers, and the operating factors such as the stirring rate, stirring time, and temperature were investigated through the bottle test. Maximum dehydration efficiencies around 99.2% for [C12‐VIM][Br] at 400 ppm and 100% for P[C12‐VIM][Br] at 50 ppm were achieved after 4 hours at 70°C, 15 minutes stirring time, and 800 rpm stirring rate. After demulsification of the crude oil emulsions, the interfacial tension decreased from 22.18 ± 0.1 to 0.83 ± 0.2 mN/m for [C12‐VIM][Br] and from 20.18 ± 0.2 to 0.70 ± 0.2 mN/m for P[C12‐VIM][Br]. The average diameter of the water droplets increased from 2‐10 ± 0.63 to 30‐140 ± 0.51 for [C12‐VIM][Br] within 20 minutes. In addition, the residual water content decreased from 20% to 0.04% for [C12‐VIM][Br] within 24 hours.
Nanofiltration‐like forward osmosis membranes on in‐situ mussel‐modified polyvinylidene fluoride porous substrate for efficient salt/dye separation
Authors: Hu Yi‐Ning , Li Qiao‐Mei , Guo Yan‐Feng , Zhu Li‐Jing , Zeng Zhi‐Xiang , Xiong Zhu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHere, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were fabricated via non‐solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) using dopamine (DA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) as the hydrophilic additives, which has a loose surface and somewhat improved hydrophilicity. Then nanofiltration (NF)‐like thin‐film composite forward osmosis (TFC FO) membrane with a loose polyamide (PA) active layer on the blend membrane was synthesized via the interfacial polymerization. The as‐prepared NF‐like TFC FO membrane exhibited a high water flux (Jw) of 29.98 L m−2 h−1 and a much low specific salt flux (Js/Jw) of 0.018 g/L, when 0.6 M NaCl was used as draw solution (DS). It had a superior rejection of malachite green (99.6% ± 0.1%) and a low rejection of NaCl (27.4% ± 4.2%), when filtrated malachite green/NaCl mixture solution in active layer‐facing draw solution (AL‐FS) mode. The results provide new insights on the design and preparation of FO membranes of selective separation for dyes from salty water.
Symptom experiences in advanced cancer: Relationships to acceptance and commitment therapy constructs
Authors: Mosher Catherine E. , Krueger Ellen , Secinti Ekin , Johns Shelley A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined relations between acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) constructs and symptom‐based subgroups of advanced cancer patients.MethodsPatients with advanced breast, gastrointestinal, lung, and prostate cancer (N = 201) completed questionnaires assessing five common symptoms and ACT variables (i.e., psychological inflexibility, cognitive fusion, values obstruction and progress, peaceful acceptance, mindfulness, and activity engagement) on one occasion.ResultsLatent profile analysis showed three patient classes: (1) normal levels of all symptoms (32%); (2) normal levels of all symptoms except for mild sleep problems and moderate fatigue (19%); and (3) normal pain, mild levels of sleep problems, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, and moderate fatigue (48%). Controlling for demographic covariates, lower psychological inflexibility, cognitive fusion, and values obstruction were associated with a higher likelihood of being in classes 1 or 2 than class 3. In addition, greater values progress, peaceful acceptance, mindfulness, and activity engagement were associated with a higher likelihood of being in class 1 than class 3. Of these four factors, only greater mindfulness and activity engagement were associated with a higher likelihood of being in class 2 than class 3.ConclusionsAdvanced cancer patients show heterogeneous symptom profiles, and even mild to moderate symptom levels are related to greater withdrawal from personally meaningful activities and less acceptance of cancer and internal experiences (e.g., symptoms, thoughts, feelings). Findings are consistent with the ACT model and support further testing of ACT to address symptom interference with functioning in advanced cancer patients.
Supramolecular Salts of Germanium (IV) with Tartaric Acid, Zinc and 1,10‐Phenanthroline/2,2‘‐Bipyridine: Synthesis, Structural Features and Selective Recognition
Authors: Afanasenko Eleonora , Seifullina Inna , Martsinko Elena , Chebanenko Elena , Dyakonenko Viktoriya , Shishkina Svitlana 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe study describes synthesis methods, structural features and thermal stability of the novel cation‐anionic coordination compounds, crystallized in Sohnke chiral space group P21[Zn(phen)3]2[Ge2(OH)(HTart)(μ‐Tart)2] ⋅ 23H2O (1) and [Zn(bipy)3][Ge2(OH)2(μ‐Tart)2] ⋅ 5H2O (2). Dependently on the second heterocyclic ligand (1,10‐phenanthroline ‐ phen (1) or 2,2’‐bipyridine ‐bipy (2)) complex zinc cations showed their ability to recognize selectively two different types of anions: dimeric [Ge2(OH)2(μ‐Tart)2]2−(2) and more complex [Ge2(OH)(HTart)(μ‐Tart)2]4−(1) with additional terminal tartaric acid ligand (HTart3−) and different coordination polyhedrons of Ge in its structure. Compounds1and2were characterized by X‐Ray, IR, MS and thermogravimetric analyzes. Analysis of intermolecular interactions using Hirshfeld surface‐based tools indicated the dominant role of various hydrogen intermolecular interactions such as H…H, H…O for both compounds, and C…C (π⋅⋅⋅π) for1.
Ocean Applications
Authors: Migliaccio M. , Nunziata F. , Marino A. , Brekke C. , Skrunes S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this chapter, the most promising techniques to observe oil slicks and to detect metallic targets at sea using polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data are reviewed and critically analysed. The detection of oil slicks in SAR data is made difficult not only by the presence of speckle but also by the presence of, e.g. biogenic films, low-wind areas, rain cells, currents, etc., which increase the false alarm probability. The use of polarimetric features has been shown to both observe oil slicks and distinguish them from weak-damping look-alikes but also to extract some of their properties. Similarly to oil slicks, the same factors can hamper the detection of metallic targets at sea. The radiometric information provided by traditional single-channel SAR is not generally sufficient to unambiguously detect man-made metallic targets over the sea surface. This shortcoming is overcome by employing polarimetry, which allows to fully characterize the scattering mechanism of such targets.
Hawking radiation from universal horizons
Authors: Herrero-Valea Mario , Liberati Stefano , Santos-Garcia Raquel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The persistence of a suitable notion of black hole thermodynamics in Lorentz breaking theories of gravity is not only a non-trivial consistency test for such theories, it is also an interesting investigation per se, as it might help us identifying the crucial features at the root of these surprising laws governing such purely gravitational objects. In past investigations, controversial findings were presented in this sense. With the aim of settling this issue, we present here two complementary derivations of Hawking radiation in geometries endowed with universal horizons: a novel feature of back holes in Lorentz breaking theories of gravity which reproduces several properties normally characterizing Killing horizons. We find that both the derivations agree on the fact that the Hawking temperature associated to these geometries is set by the generalized universal horizon peeling surface gravity, as required for consistency with extant derivations of the first law of thermodynamics for these black holes. We shall also comment on the compatibility of our results with previous alternative derivations and on their significance for the survival of the generalized second law of black hole thermodynamics in Lorentz breaking theories of gravity.
Fengyun Meteorological Satellite Products for Earth System Science Applications
Authors: Xian Di , Zhang Peng , Gao Ling , Sun Ruijing , Zhang Haizhen , Jia Xu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFollowing the progress of satellite data assimilation in the 1990s, the combination of meteorological satellites and numerical models has changed the way scientists understand the earth. With the evolution of numerical weather prediction models and earth system models, meteorological satellites will play a more important role in earth sciences in the future. As part of the space-based infrastructure, the Fengyun (FY) meteorological satellites have contributed to earth science sustainability studies through an open data policy and stable data quality since the first launch of the FY-1A satellite in 1988. The capability of earth system monitoring was greatly enhanced after the second-generation polar orbiting FY-3 satellites and geostationary orbiting FY-4 satellites were developed. Meanwhile, the quality of the products generated from the FY-3 and FY-4 satellites is comparable to the well-known MODIS products. FY satellite data has been utilized broadly in weather forecasting, climate and climate change investigations, environmental disaster monitoring, etc. This article reviews the instruments mounted on the FY satellites. Sensor-dependent level 1 products (radiance data) and inversion algorithm-dependent level 2 products (geophysical parameters) are introduced. As an example, some typical geophysical parameters, such as wildfires, lightning, vegetation indices, aerosol products, soil moisture, and precipitation estimation have been demonstrated and validated by in-situ observations and other well-known satellite products. To help users access the FY products, a set of data sharing systems has been developed and operated. The newly developed data sharing system based on cloud technology has been illustrated to improve the efficiency of data delivery.
Breastfeeding behavior is not associated with health literacy: evidence from the German KUNO-Kids birth cohort study
Authors: Graus Teresa M. , Brandstetter Susanne , Seelbach-Göbel Birgit , Melter Michael , Kabesch Michael , Apfelbacher Christian , Fill Malfertheiner Sara ,   the KUNO-Kids study group, Ambrosch A. , Arndt P. , Baessler A. , Berneburg M. , Böse-O’Reilly St. , Brunner R. , Buchalla Wolfgang , Franke A. , Häusler S. , Heid I. , Herr C. , Högler W. , Kerzel S. , Koller M. , Leitzmann M. , Rothfuß D. , Rösch W. , Schaub B. , Weber B. H. F. , Weidinger St. , Wellmann S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Despite the health benefits of full breastfeeding for both infants and mothers, less than 50% of mothers in Germany practice this method for at least 4 months after childbirth. Because of the growing importance of health literacy to improve public health, we investigated the role of maternal health literacy in breastfeeding behavior.

Methods
We analyzed the data of 1172 mother–child dyads of the KUNO-Kids health study of the University Children’s and Maternity Hospital Regensburg. Maternal health literacy was assessed with the HLS-EU-Q47 questionnaire (sub-index health care) up to 48 h after childbirth. Outcome was analyzed 6 months after childbirth and categorized into full breastfeeding for less than 4 months or for at least 4 months. The association between breastfeeding and maternal health literacy was calculated with univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses.

Results
38.8% of mothers showed inadequate or limited health literacy. 75.9% of mothers had fully breastfed their child for at least 4 months. Univariable logistic regression analysis showed that health literacy and full breastfeeding for at least 4 months were not associated (OR = 0.995 [CI 0.977–1.015], p = 0.60). After adjusting for all potentially confounding variables with a significant association (p ≤ 0.05) on both health literacy and breastfeeding, the multivariable model showed no association between health literacy and breastfeeding (OR = 0.984 [CI 0.963–1.007], p = 0.170).

Conclusion
Surprisingly, we found no association between health literacy and breastfeeding behavior in our study. Therefore, future research with comparable measurements of health literacy and breastfeeding is required to validate this result and to identify reasons for early breastfeeding cessation.
Rhabdomyosarcoma and pleomorphic sarcoma in the same location
Authors: Steiner Daniel , Smolle Maria Anna , Brcic Iva , Leithner Andreas 
Published: April 2021

SummarySoft tissue sarcomas (STS) represent a small group of adult solid malignancies, with risk factors such as environmental factors, genetic predisposition, and prior radiotherapy. In STS patients with a novel swelling, differential diagnoses include recurrence, second primary cancer, metastasis from unknown primary cancer, and radiation-associated STS, the latter usually occurring approximately 10 years after radiotherapy. We present the case of a 64-year-old male patient with pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, who underwent resection and radiotherapy. The patient presented again 5 years later with painful swelling in the area of the prior sarcoma, raising suspicion of recurrence. Resection was performed and a diagnosis of pleomorphic sarcoma (not otherwise specified [NOS]) was made. The patient was treated with radiotherapy and remained sarcoma-free for the following 7 years. A molecular analysis of both neoplasms, using RNA next-generation sequencing, did not detect any specific fusions. Due to the lack of rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in the second sarcoma and the low likelihood of a second primary in the same previously irradiated location, the diagnosis of a radiation-associated STS was suggested. This short report illustrates the difficult diagnostic work-up of a presumably radiation-associated STS, as these neoplasms lack characteristic morphological and immunohistochemical features. In our case, the suggested diagnosis may have pointed against another course of radiotherapy in an already irradiation-harmed region. Therefore, a relatively low latency period between surgery, radiotherapy, and diagnosis of another STS should not automatically point towards recurrence and may prompt further in-depth investigation.
Emulation of grid-forming inverters using real-time PC and 4-quadrant voltage amplifier
Authors: Schulze Wolf , Zajadatz Maurizio , Suriyah Michael , Leibfried Thomas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA test bed for the evaluation of novel control methods of inverters for renewable power generation is presented. The behavior of grid-following and grid-forming control in a test scenario is studied and compared.Using a real-time capable control platform with a cycle time of 50 µs, control methods developed with Matlab/Simulink can be implemented. For simplicity, a three-phase 4‑quadrant voltage amplifier is used instead of an inverter. Thus, the use of modulation and switched power semiconductors can be avoided. In order to show a realistic behavior of a grid-side filter, passive components can be automatically connected as L‑, LC- or LCL-filter. The test bed has a nominal active power of 43.6 kW and a nominal voltage of 400 V.As state-of-the-art grid-following control method, a current control in the d/q-system is implemented in the test bed. A virtual synchronous machine, the Synchronverter, is used as grid-forming control method. In combination with a frequency-variable grid emulation, the behavior of both control methods is studied in the event of a load connection in an island grid environment.
GLONASS–only FDMA+CDMA RTK: Performance and outlook
Authors: Zaminpardaz Safoora , Teunissen Peter J. G. , Khodabandeh Amir 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAn assessment of standalone GLONASS RTK performance is provided using its FDMA and CDMA signals. The new integer-estimable GLONASS FDMA model (Teunissen 2019), which guarantees the integer-estimability of its ambiguities, is employed. We introduce the combined integer-estimable GLONASS FDMA+CDMA model and compare its strength against the FDMA model for instantaneous integer ambiguity resolution and positioning. Various combinations of GLONASS signals are considered including FDMA L1, FDMA+CDMA L1+L3, FDMA L1+L2 and FDMA+CDMA L1+L2+L3. To provide insight into the current RTK performance of GLONASS, we used observations of a short baseline to analyze the integer ambiguity resolution success rate and positioning precision, formally and empirically. To provide insight into the future RTK performance of GLONASS, we present a formal analysis of the integer ambiguity resolution success rate and ADOP, assuming that all the GLONASS satellites transmit FDMA L1, L2 and CDMA L3 signals. A formal analysis of standalone GLONASS ambiguity resolution based on current and future GLONASS constellation is then presented for different locations around the world.
Anticancer effects against colorectal cancer models of chloro(triethylphosphine)gold(I) encapsulated in PLGA–PEG nanoparticles
Authors: Menconi Alessio , Marzo Tiziano , Massai Lara , Pratesi Alessandro , Severi Mirko , Petroni Giulia , Antonuzzo Lorenzo , Messori Luigi , Pillozzi Serena , Cirri Damiano 
Published: April 2021

AbstractChloro(triethylphosphine)gold(I), (Et3PAuCl hereafter), is an Auranofin (AF)-related compound showing very similar biological and pharmacological properties. Like AF, Et3PAuCl exhibits potent antiproliferative properties in vitro toward a variety of cancer cell lines and is a promising anticancer drug candidate. We wondered whether Et3PAuCl encapsulation might lead to an improved pharmacological profile also considering the likely reduction of unwanted side-reactions that are responsible for adverse effects and for drug inactivation. Et3PAuCl was encapsulated in biocompatible PLGA–PEG nanoparticles (NPs) and the new formulation evaluated in colorectal HCT-116 cancer cells in comparison to the free gold complex. Notably, encapsulated Et3PAuCl (nano-Et3PAuCl hereafter) mostly retains the cellular properties of the free gold complex and elicits even greater cytotoxic effects in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, mediated by apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, a remarkable inhibition of two crucial signaling pathways, i.e. ERK and AKT, by nano-Et3PAuCl, was clearly documented. The implications of these findings are discussed.
PHEMTO: the polarimetric high energy modular telescope observatory
Authors: Laurent P. , Acero F. , Beckmann V. , Brandt S. , Cangemi F. , Civitani M. , Clavel M. , Coleiro A. , Curado R. , Ferrando P. , Ferrigno C. , Frontera F. , Gastaldello F. , Götz D. , Gouiffès C. , Grinberg V. , Hanlon L. , Hartmann D. , Maggi P. , Marin F. , Meuris A. , Okajima T. , Pareschi G. , Pratt G. W. , Rea N. , Rodriguez J. , Rossetti M. , Spiga D. , Virgilli E. , Zane S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBased upon dual focusing techniques, the Polarimetric High-Energy Modular Telescope Observatory (PHEMTO) is designed to have performance several orders of magnitude better than the present hard X-ray instruments, in the 1–600 keV energy range. This, together with its angular resolution of around one arcsecond, and its sensitive polarimetry measurement capability, will give PHEMTO the improvements in scientific performance needed for a mission in the 2050 era in order to study AGN, galactic black holes, neutrons stars, and supernovae. In addition, its high performance will enable the study of the non-thermal processes in galaxy clusters with an unprecedented accuracy.
Functional responses of zooplankton communities to depth, trophic status, and ion content in mine pit lakes
Authors: Goździejewska Anna Maria , Koszałka Jacek , Tandyrak Renata , Grochowska Jolanta , Parszuto Katarzyna 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFunctional traits can be used to identify various ecosystem processes that are influenced by natural and anthropogenic factors. We tested the hypothesis that the species composition and functional feeding traits of zooplankton are influenced by environmental gradients, such as depth, trophic status, and ion content. This hypothesis was tested in three lignite strip mine lakes in Central Poland. Two shallow, polymictic lakes were reclaimed (1994 and 2008), and the third deep, stratified lake has been reclaimed during the flooding process, since 2011. Samples were collected monthly in 2016 and 2017. The functional responses of zooplankton communities to environmental variables were tested through redundancy analyses. Both eutrophy and oligotrophy contributed to the taxonomic heterogeneity and functional homogeneity of zooplankton. In eutrophic condition small microphagous rotifers and small-sized crustaceans dominated, while oligotrophy and high ion concentrations favored dominance of large microphagous and stationary/suspended feeders. In turn, the depth gradient of a newly emerging, stratified lake resulted in taxonomic and functional heterogeneity of zooplankton. Our results complement existing knowledge about zooplankton in post-industrial areas, and also provide new information on the mechanisms of formation and functioning of mine pit lake ecosystems.