bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Death by AI: Will large language models diminish Wikipedia?
Authors: Wagner Christian , Jiang Ling 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe argue that advances in large language models (LLMs) and generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) will diminish the value of Wikipedia, due to a withdrawal by human content producers, who will withhold their efforts, perceiving less need for their efforts and increased “AI competition.” We believe the greatest threat to Wikipedia stems from the fact that Wikipedia is a user‐generated product, relying on the “selfish altruism” of its human contributors. Contributors who reduce their contribution efforts as AI pervades the platform, will thus leave Wikipedia increasingly dependent on additional AI activity. This, combined with a dynamic where readership creates authorship and readers being disintermediated, will inevitably cause a vicious cycle leading to a staling of the content and diminishing value of this venerable knowledge resource.
Lanthanide‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks Offering Hydrogen Bonding Cavities: Luminescent Characteristics and Sensing Applications
Authors: Ahlawat Deepti , Pachisia Sanya , Aashish  , Gupta Rajeev 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis work presents the synthesis and characterization of three isomorphous lanthanide‐based metal‐organic frameworks (Ln‐MOFs) (Ln3+=Eu (1), Tb (2), and Sm (3)) supported by a pyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxamide‐based linker offering appended arylcarboxylate groups. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies highlight that these Ln‐MOFs present three‐dimensional porous architectures offering large cavities decorated with hydrogen bonding (H‐bonding) groups. These Ln‐MOFs display noteworthy luminescent characteristics. The mixed‐metal strategy affords a series of Ln‐MOFs exhibiting color‐tunable emissions. The Eu‐MOF was utilized for the nanomolar sensing of both nitrobenzene and 4‐nitrophenol. The critical role of H‐bonding in detecting these analytes is validated through multiple spectroscopic, ξ potential, and molecular docking studies. The Eu‐MOF illustrated notable anticounterfeiting as well as practical sensing applications.
Concealed penis: A review of multilevel classification and surgical reconstruction techniques
Authors: Xiang Bo‐yu , Peng Jing‐xuan , Shang Xue‐jun , Zu Xiong‐bing , Li Dong‐jie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractConcealed penis (CP), also known as hidden or buried penis, is an external genital deformity in which a normal‐sized penis is covered by skin, subcutaneous tissue or fat tissue in the prepubic area, leading to abnormal exposure. This condition has significant morbidity and a negative effect on certain aspects of the patient's quality of life, including but not limited to hygiene, micturition, self‐image and sexual function. Current classification systems for CP are heterogeneous, but most of these further classify CP based on their division into congenital concealed penis (CCP) and adult‐acquired buried penis (AABP). The aetiology and pathogenesis of this disease are understood to some extent, but the specific underlying mechanisms need further research. Although conservative treatment may be effective for some children with CCP, surgical intervention is still the main treatment for other children with CCP and AABP. There is no ‘gold standard’ surgical treatment for CP, but there are various surgical methods available; therefore, individualized surgical plans should be created after a comprehensive evaluation based on the classification and aetiology of CP patients.
Quantification of Difference in Nonselectivity Between In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices
Authors: Fauskanger Pernille Kjeilen , Sandberg Sverre , Johansen Jesper , Keller Thomas , Budd Jeffrey , Miller W. Greg , Stavelin Anne , Delatour Vincent , Panteghini Mauro , Støve Bård 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCorrect measurement results from in vitro diagnostic (IVD) medical devices (MD) are crucial for optimal patient care. The performance of IVD‐MDs is often assessed through method comparison studies. Such studies can be compromised by the influence of various factors. The effect of these factors must be examined in every method comparison study, for example, nonselectivity differences between compared IVD‐MDs are examined. Historically, selectivity or nonselectivity has been defined as a qualitative term. However, a quantification of nonselectivity differences between IVD‐MDs is needed. This paper fills this need by introducing a novel measure for quantifying differences in nonselectivity (DINS) between a pair of IVD‐MDs. Assuming one of the IVD‐MDs involved in the comparison exhibits high selectivity for the analyte, it becomes feasible to quantify nonselectivity in the other IVD‐MD by employing this DINS measure. Our approach leverages elements from univariate ordinary least squares regression and incorporates repeatability IVD‐MD variances, resulting in a normalized measure. We also introduce a plug‐in estimator for this measure, which is notably linked to the average relative increase in prediction interval widths attributable to DINS. This connection is exploited to establish a criterion for identifying excessive DINS utilizing a proof‐of‐hazard approach. Utilizing Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate how the estimator relates to population characteristics like DINS and heteroskedasticity. We find that DINS impacts the mean, variance, and 99th percentile of the estimator, while heteroskedasticity affects only the latter two, and to a considerably smaller extent compared to DINS. Importantly, the size of the study design modulates these effects. We also confirm, when using clinical data, that DINS between pairs of IVD‐MDs influence the estimator correspondingly to those of simulated data. Thus, the proposed estimator serves as an effective metric for quantifying DINS between IVD‐MDs and helping to determine the quality of a method comparison study.
Seasonal Variability of Bioluminescence and Abundance of the Dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans in the Arabian Sea
Authors: Piontkovski Sergey A. , Al‐Lawati Hajir M. , Al‐Hashmi Khalid A. , Melnik Alexandr V. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBioluminescence is a functional property used by many marine organisms for multilateral communications. In the Arabian Sea, the dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans (Macartney) Kofoid and Swezy, 1921, contributes gradually to the bioluminescent potential (BP) of the phytoplankton community. Experiments, field sampling, and remote sensing were employed, to estimate the seasonal variation of the BP and the abundance of cells in the northwestern Arabian Sea. An experimental setup for BP measurements integrated a “Chelsea Instruments” GlowTracka sensor, which required ~5 N. scintillans cells to obtain a statistically robust signal. Plankton were sampled with 200‐μm mesh size nets, in the upper mixed layer. Also, N. scintillans cells were counted in Niskin bottle samples collected from the deep chlorophyll maximum. The remotely sensed chlorophyll‐a concentration was analyzed, for the period from 2000 to 2022. A positive linear relationship between the abundance of N. scintillans cells in experiments and their BP was elucidated. Peaks of BP in experiments fit the Northeast and Southwest Monsoon periods and so did the N. scintillans abundance peaks in situ. These findings showed that BP may serve as an indicator of N. scintillans abundance and biomass in the northwestern Arabian Sea.
Simultaneous Eco‐Friendly Spectrofluorometric Estimation of Itraconazole and Ibuprofen in Pharmaceutical and Biological Matrices
Authors: Bakr Engy Attaa , Zeid Abdallah M. , Shalan Shereen M. , El‐Shabrawy Yasser 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA rapid, facile, and green spectrofluorometric method was developed for the concurrent precise estimation of itraconazole and ibuprofen. The developed method involved the use of Tween‐80 micelle as a green sample matrix for the efficient assay of the analytes of interest. Besides the greenness of Tween‐80, it significantly enhanced the native fluorescence of itraconazole by about 450%. The spectrofluorometric measurements of studied analytes were conducted in a 1% Tween‐80 micellar medium at 370 nm for itraconazole and 288 nm for ibuprofen, following an excitation at 260 nm for both drugs. The fluorescent intensity–concentration relationships for both drugs were linear within the concentration ranges of 30–400 ng mL−1 for itraconazole and 300–5000 ng mL−1 for ibuprofen, showing high correlation coefficient values. The method exhibited high precision, with quantitation limits of 13.3 ng mL−1 for itraconazole and 260.6 ng mL−1 for ibuprofen. Successful application to commercial tablet formulations demonstrated the method's accuracy and sensitivity. Validation per ICH guidelines confirmed its effectiveness for quantifying the drugs in spiked human plasma, achieving high recovery rates. Furthermore, an evaluation of the method's environmental impact using GAPI and analytical Eco‐Scale metrics confirmed its eco‐friendliness.
Interfacial stabilization of lithium metal anodes in propylene carbonate electrolytes with tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite
Authors: Kim Dagyo , Heo Ji Seong , Kim Youngkwon , Yim Taeeun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlthough lithium (Li) metal is considered a next‐generation material owing to its high theoretical capacity, several challenges restrict its use, such as rapid dendrite formation and continuous decomposition of the electrolyte at the interfaces. In this regard, we propose tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite (TMSP) as an effective additive for stabilizing Li metal anodes in the presence of propylene carbonate (PC) solvent. Incorporating the TMSP additive into PC‐based electrolytes provides a highly stable and robust interface at the Li anode because the TMSP additive facilitates the formation of LiSiOx and LixPOyFz‐based solid electrolyte interfaces (SEI) at the Li anode. These stable TMSP‐derived SEI layers inhibit the uneven dendritic Li growth at the anode interface, effectively preventing further decomposition of the PC‐based electrolyte. In Li/NCM622 cells, the TMSP‐P‐SE exhibited stable cycling retention after 100 cycles (72.3%), whereas the P‐SE revealed a drastic decrease in cycling retention after only 10 cycles. These results indicate that the SEI formed on the Li anode in the presence of TMSP effectively inhibits parasitic reactions, thereby enhancing cycling retention significantly.
Identification of the Pharmacological Components and Its Targets of Sanghuang by Integration of Nontarget Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology Analysis
Authors: Lu Hengqian , Zhang Jintao , Wang Yongzhong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study is to comprehensively to identify the core pharmacological components and their respective targets of three medicinal fungi Sanghuangs including Sanghuangporus vaninii (SV), Sanghuangporus lonicericola (SL), and Inonotus hispidus (IH). Metabolomics analysis indicated that a total of 495 and 660 differential metabolites were obtained in mycelium and fermentation broth samples among three Sanghuangs, respectively. The network pharmacology analysis showed that 6‐[1]‐ladderane hexanol, R‐nostrenol, candidone, ellagic acid, and quercetin were the overlapping active ingredients of three Sanghuang species for diabetes mellitus, immune system disease, and neoplasm. Certonardosterol A, dalamid, and ethylene brassylate are unique active ingredients in SV, and certonardosterol K, kaempferide, and esculetin are unique active ingredients in SL. Asbestinine, neoandrographolide, isosakuranetin, and daucosterin are unique active ingredients in IH. Accordingly, the common core targets of active ingredients of the three Sanghuangs were ESR1, PIK3CA, and LYN. PRKCA, EGFR, and STAT3 were the unique targets of SV, SL, and IH, respectively. The primary active components and their respective targets, in addition to the component–target interaction of Sanghuangs that have been identified in the present study, provide a foundation for future research on the prevention and treatment of disease using Sanghuangs.
Pharmacokinetic Study of Ginkgolide B in Dog After Intravenous Administration
Authors: Li Li , Yu Dan , Sun Wen‐Fei , Jin Qi‐Zhong , Chang Xing‐Jie , Shi Qian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGinkgolide B (GB) is the main active ginkgolide in Ginkgo biloba leaves extract. Pharmacological study suggested that GB exhibits protective effect on nervous system impaired and can be used in the treatment of dementia, cerebral insufficiency or related cognitive decline. However, the information on pharmacokinetics of GB in vivo was limited. In this study, a sensitive LC–MS/MS analytical method was developed to accurately determinate the concentration of GB in dog plasma and applied to the pharmacokinetic study of GB in dogs after bolus injection of GB. A portion of 100 μL dog plasma was pretreated by liquid–liquid extraction using 1 mL of ethyl acetate. The GB and IS were separated on a Waters ACQUITY HSS T3 column using acetonitrile and water containing 0.1% formic acid as mobile phase, at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Multiple‐reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used for quantitative analysis of GB and tolbutamide (internal standard) in negative electrospray ionization. GB showed excellent linearity with correlation coefficient >  0.99 over the concentration range of 1–5000 ng/mL. The intra and interday RSD% were less than 7.4%, while the RE% ranged from −6.1% to 9.6%. The mean extraction recovery was >  83.1%. The validated method was further successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study of GB in dog plasma. Dose‐proportional pharmacokinetics of GB were observed after bolus injection administration in dogs. This comprehensive study of the pharmacokinetics of GB in dogs will provide useful information for its further development in clinic.
Recent Advances in Enantiorecognition and Enantioseparation Techniques of Chiral Molecules in the Pharmaceutical Field
Authors: Barman Kuladip , Islam Md Mustahidul , Das Km Supriya , Singh Neha , Priya Sakshi , Kurmi Balak Das , Patel Preeti 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEnantioseparation and enantiorecognition are crucial in the pharmaceutical analysis of chiral substances, impacting safety, efficacy, and regulatory compliance. Enantioseparation refers to the process of separating enantiomers from a mixture, typically achieved through chromatography techniques like HPLC and SFC. In contrast, enantiorecognition involves the identification of enantiomers based on their interaction with a chiral selector without the need for separation. Recent advancements in these techniques have significantly improved enantioseparation efficiency and resolution. Chiral stationary phases (CSPs) have evolved, offering better selectivity, including hybrid organic–inorganic materials and miniaturization. The use of green solvents has also reduced environmental impact. Non‐chromatographic methods, such as circular dichroism (CD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, enable enantiorecognition through interactions with polarized light or chiral solvents. However, these methods face challenges, including high costs, limited solvent compatibility, and shorter operational lifespans compared with chromatographic techniques. Recent developments in solvent‐tolerant hybrid CSPs aim to address these limitations. This review highlights these innovations, focusing on their relevance to the pharmaceutical industry, pollution control, and quality assurance, and emphasizes the growing importance of these techniques in the production and regulation of chiral drugs.
Circulating CD3+CD8+ T Lymphocytes as Indicators of Disease Status in Patients With Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Chen Han‐Kun , Chen Yi‐Ling , Chung Wei‐Pang , Loh Zhu‐Jun , Lee Kuo‐Ting , Hsu Hui‐Ping 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying breast cancer markers with superior sensitivity, cost‐effectiveness, and practicality is imperative. Circulating immune cells and plasma cytokines hold promise as potential breast cancer markers.AimsTo search and validate subtype of circulating immune cells and plasma cytokines as biomarkers for breast cancer patients.Materials & MethodsUsing flow cytometry, we investigated circulating immune cell profiles in patients with breast cancer and healthy controls. To validate clinical observations, an orthotopic breast cancer model was established.ResultsWe analyzed 19 healthy controls and 27 patients (22 testing group and 5 validation group) with breast cancer and revealed distinct populations, including CD3+CD4+ T lymphocytes, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs; CD3+CD8+), polymorphonuclear myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (PMN‐MDSCs), and monocytic (M)‐myeloid‐derived suppressive cells. Patients with breast cancer exhibited reduced CD3+CD4+ T lymphocyte, CD3+CD8+ CTL, and CD33+CD15− M‐MDSC levels compared with healthy controls. Diminished CD3+CD8+ CTL levels correlated with advanced cancer grade, extensive intraductal components, and positive lymphatic tumor emboli. Treatment effects included decreased T lymphocyte/PMN‐MDSC levels, contrasting with elevated circulating CD3+CD8+ cell levels posttreatment, subsequently declining upon recurrence in the validation group. Elevated plasma chemokine (C–C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) levels distinguished patients with breast cancer from healthy controls. Our orthotopic model supported decreased circulating CD3+CD8+ CTL levels in cancer‐bearing mice, followed by a postresection increase.DiscussionWe found that circulating CD3+CD8+ CTL levels decreased in patients with breast cancer, increased after treatment, and decreased again upon recurrence.ConclusionCirculating CD3+CD8+ CTL emerged as promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in breast cancer management.
Haven schools: A pilot evaluation of a school‐based programme to reduce anxiety in young people
Authors: Grohmann Dominique , Banham Claire , Mengoni Silvana , Wellsted David , Irvine Karen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to conduct a pilot evaluation of a novel six‐week school‐based intervention (‘Haven Schools’) on young people's psychological wellbeing.MethodsOne hundred and forty‐one students (ages 12–16 years) from 11 schools in England attended up to six sessions of the intervention at their school during the day. Psychological wellbeing was evaluated at each session using the overall score on the Young Person's Core‐10 (YP CORE‐10) outcome measure, and anxiety and self‐harm were evaluated using individual questions in the YP CORE‐10.ResultsParticipants' psychological wellbeing was significantly better at their last session compared to their first session. Anxiety and thoughts of self‐harm were also significantly lower in last sessions compared to first sessions. Attendance was good, with 64% attending at least four sessions (M = 3.99 sessions attended).ConclusionsThe Haven Schools programme appears to have promising initial results; however, further investigation using a control group and longer‐term follow up are warranted.Patient Consent StatementThis was an analysis of secondary data used to evaluate the programme, and therefore did not fall within the remit required for ethical review. Each school managed the issue of parental consent differently depending on their own rules. One school felt that it was not necessary to get parental consent as they felt it could be a barrier to some young people attending as they may not want their parents to know. However, most schools sent parents of students who indicated an interest an information letter, and asked parents to email the school with consent.
Hydroxytyrosol‐Rich Olive Mill Wastewater, a Potential Protector Against Dyslipidemia, Diabetes, and Diabetic Retinopathy in Psammomys obesus
Authors: Achour Oumaima , Haffani Yosr Z. , Mbarek Sihem , Hammami Oumayma , Feki Monssef , Zemmel Ayachi , Picaud Serge , Boudhrioua Nourhène , Chaouacha‐Chekir Rafika Ben 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOlive mill wastewater (OMWW), a byproduct of olive oil extraction, constitutes a natural resource of phenolic compounds. Hydroxytyrosol (HT), the predominant compound, was reported to have antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. This research aims to evaluate the effect of OMWW bioproduct rich in HT on retinal glial function, glutamate metabolism, and synaptic transmission alterations mediated by hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in high‐calorie diet (HCD)‐induced diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Psammomys obesus. Animals were divided into four groups. Two diabetic animal groups (D) received an HCD, one untreated (D) and another receiving HT‐OMWW treatment (20 mg/kg body weight: bw) (D+); the two other groups were used as controls (C and C+). During 7 months, food and water intake, body weight, glycemia, hematocrit, and serum lipid parameters were assessed. At 3, 5, and advanced 7 months of DR, immunohistochemical studies were performed to identify key proteins implicated in the protection of DR. HT‐OMWW has anti‐obesity, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic effects. Its long‐term administration attenuates retinal glial reactivity, microglia number, changes in glutamate homeostasis, and synaptic function in diabetic animals with retinopathy. These results suggest that HT‐OMWW extract seems to have promising in vivo anti‐diabetic, anti‐dyslipidemic, and neuroprotective effects in P. obesus, a model of DR‐like humans.
Percutaneous Closure of Sub‐Annular Rupture Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Complicated by Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation
Authors: Faroux Laurent , Urena‐Alcazar Marina , Villecourt Aurélien , Boyer Fanny 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAortic annular rupture is a rare and usually fatal complication of TAVR. We report the case of a sub‐annular aortic rupture contained in the right ventricle and percutaneously repaired. The procedure was complicated by new‐onset severe tricuspid regurgitation related to tricuspid injury during wire externalization and immediately treated by transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair.
Rare Case of Giant Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumor Behind Left Shoulder: A Case Report
Authors: Riaz Abdul Ahad , Naseer Faisal , Khan Allahdad , Sheikh Muhammad Asjad , Malik Linta , Kamal Aseel , Malik Anam 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTProliferating trichilemmal tumor (PTT) is a rare, benign adnexal tumor of hair follicles that commonly mimics malignancy. Excellent outcomes can be achieved with early surgical excision. Delayed presentations—as in this giant shoulder PTT—are made possible, in part, by patient education and healthcare accessibility in low‐resource settings.
Absent Pericardium Causing Extreme Levoposition in a Child
Authors: Rorris Filippos‐Paschalis , Tsoutsinos Alexandros , Kanakis Meletios 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDuring surgical repair of congenital heart defects, surgeons often come across anomalies that might not have been adequately illustrated in preoperative imaging. In this case image, we describe the absence of pericardium which was discovered during surgical repair of a sinus venosus defect in a small child.