bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Setting up a diagram process for the elaboration of a new plant‐based beverage from Pinus halepensis seeds: Selection of unit operations and their conditions
Authors: Abbou Amina , Kadri Nabil , Servent Adrien , Ricci Julien , Madani Khodir , Dornier Manuel , Collignan Antoine , Achir Nawel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAleppo pine seeds are a potential candidate for the production of nondairy milk due to their high protein (26%) and lipid (37%) content and their availability. For the first time, this study presents the implementation of a manufacturing scheme from seeds to final product, including pre‐extraction, extraction, and post‐extraction (physical and microbiological stabilization), using a 2(7‐4) fractional factorial screening design. The seven factors were seed soaking time, grinding time, temperature and seed/water ratio during extraction, xanthan gum concentration, homogenization pressure, and pasteurization temperature. Beverage quality analysis consisted of measurements of chemical composition, color, stability, and rheological behavior. The results of experimental design showed that the dry matter as well as the lipid and protein contents increased significantly by increasing the ratio (grain/water) and the grinding time. On the other hand, the extraction temperature led to a better extraction of lipids but a lower extraction of proteins. Regarding stability, xanthan gum had a negative effect, while homogenization pressure and pasteurization temperature showed their effectiveness in decreasing the particle size and increasing the physical stability of the product.Practical applicationsPlant‐based drinks, also called plant milks, are interesting alternatives to animal milk. They have similar organoleptic properties but are more sustainable and offer very different nutritional composition depending on the plant used. As the consumers demand is constantly increasing, setting up fabrication processes from new plant sources is relevant. Aleppo pine seeds are a potential matrix for the production of vegetable beverages because they are very nutritious and available in the entire Mediterranean area. This study presents the setting up of a fabrication diagram of a plant‐based beverage made from Aleppo pine seeds. Seven production parameters were tested, including pre‐extraction (seed conditioning), extraction, and post‐extraction (physical and microbiological stabilization), thanks to a fractional factorial 2(7‐4) screening design. The best conditions enabled the production of a final beverage comparable to other commercialized plant‐based beverages in terms of nutritional and organoleptic quality.
Clinician knowledge and behaviors related to the 4Ms framework of Age‐Friendly Health Systems
Authors: Lesser Sarah , Zakharkin Stanislav , Louie Christina , Escobedo Marcus R. , Whyte John , Fulmer Terry 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Age‐Friendly Health Systems (AFHS) aims to improve the experience of care for adults aged 65 years and older through the 4Ms framework, an evidence‐based approach to care planning that emphasizes what matters most to the older person, mentation, mobility, and medication. The aim of this study was to examine clinicians' attitudes, knowledge, and practices concerning AFHS and the 4Ms.MethodsWe surveyed U.S.‐based health care providers randomly identified from the Medscape database. The sample was weighted based on sex, U.S. Census region, and ethnic diversity of health occupations. We examined the differences between cohorts using proportions tests and logistic regression models.ResultsMore than 90% of clinicians (n = 1684) agreed that “older patients require a different approach to care than younger patients.” Fifty percent of clinicians “always” take the age of their patient into consideration when determining care. A majority of clinicians said they discuss each of the 4Ms with older patients and/or their family caregivers. Screening for depression and review of high‐risk medication use are among the leading types of age‐friendly care that clinicians provide to older patients. A minority of clinicians are asking older adults about and aligning the care plan with What Matters.ConclusionsA majority of clinicians acknowledged the benefits of providing care via AFHS but reported limited knowledge of the specificities of the 4Ms framework and are not necessarily taking the age of their patients into consideration when determining the best form of care. Health care settings that have implemented the 4Ms framework appear to be doing so in an incomplete way. Our study reinforces the case for training primary care providers on how to adopt the evidence‐based 4Ms framework in clinical practice effectively and consistently.
Interaction of brassinosteroid and cytokinin promotes ovule initiation and increases seed number per silique in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zu Song‐Hao , Jiang Yu‐Tong , Chang Jin‐Hui , Zhang Yan‐Jie , Xue Hong‐Wei , Lin Wen‐Hui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOvule initiation is a key step that strongly influences ovule number and seed yield. Notably, mutants with enhanced brassinosteroid (BR) and cytokinin (CK) signaling produce more ovules and have a higher seed number per silique (SNS) than wild‐type plants. Here, we crossed BR‐ and CK‐related mutants to test whether these phytohormones function together in ovule initiation. We determined that simultaneously enhancing BR and CK contents led to higher ovule and seed numbers than enhancing BR or CK separately, and BR and CK enhanced each other. Further, the BR‐response transcription factor BZR1 directly interacted with the CK‐response transcription factor ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR1 (ARR1). Treatments with BR or BR plus CK strengthened this interaction and subsequent ARR1 targeting and induction of downstream genes to promote ovule initiation. Enhanced CK signaling partially rescued the reduced SNS phenotype of BR‐deficient/insensitive mutants whereas enhanced BR signaling failed to rescue the low SNS of CK‐deficient mutants, suggesting that BR regulates ovule initiation and SNS through CK‐mediated and ‐independent pathways. Our study thus reveals that interaction between BR and CK promotes ovule initiation and increases seed number, providing important clues for increasing the seed yield of dicot crops.
Serum biochemistry panel of free‐living red‐handed howler monkeys (Alouatta belzebul) in the Eastern Amazon
Authors: Guimarães Victor Yunes , Justo André Augusto , Santos Bruna dos , Ramos Marcos Montanha , Takahira Regina Kiomi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe red‐handed howler monkey (Alouatta belzebul) is one of 116 imperiled Brazilian primate species. We aimed to determine the serum biochemical profile of free‐ranging red‐handed howler monkeys in a highly disturbed area of the eastern Amazon.MethodsWe obtained serum samples from 26 monkeys, in which we analyzed 20 biochemical variables.Results and ConclusionsCalcium concentration was significantly lower in adult males (1.82 ± 0.25 mmol/L) than in adult females (2.10 ± 0.50 mmol/L). Both adults (males = 89 ± 85 UI/L, females = 62 ± 23 UI/L) had lower alkaline phosphatase serum activity than juvenile females (178 ± 120 UI/L). Adult male had higher levels of the direct bilirubin (13.9 ± 8.2 µmol/L) and creatinine (74.3 ± 19.4 µmol/L) than juvenile females (5.1 ± 1.4 µmol/L and 38.9 ± 15.0 µmol/L, respectively). This detailed biochemical profile may be useful for the management of red‐handed howler monkeys in the wild and to support further studies at ex situ facilities.
TBC1Domain Family Member 25 deficiency aggravates cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion injury via TAK1‐JNK/p38 pathway
Authors: Zhang Zongyong , Ma Tengfei , Fu Zhengyi , Feng Yu , Wang Zhen , Tian Song , Liu Zhen , Wei Wei , Li Xiang , Chen Jincao , Zhao Wenyuan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTBC1Domain Family Member 25 (TBC1D25) is a protein that contains a TBC/RAB‐GTPase activating protein (GAP) domain, which was shown to participate in autophagy in previous studies. However, the role of TBC1D25 in cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unknown. In this study, we found that the mRNA and protein expression levels of TBC1D25 decreased in mouse brain after I/R injury and primary cortical neurons treated with oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Then TBC1D25 knockout (KO) mice were applied to demonstrate that TBC1D25 ablation aggravated cerebral I/R‐induced neuronal loss and infarct size. In addition, neuronal apoptosis and inflammation were significantly potentiated in the TBC1D25‐KO group. In in vitro OGD/R model, TBC1D25 knockdown can attenuate neuronal cell viability and aggravate the process of inflammation and apoptosis. Conversely, over‐expression of TBC1D25 in primary neurons ameliorated the aforementioned processes. Mechanistically, RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq) analysis revealed mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was the most significant pathway that contributed to TBC1D25‐mediated brain I/R injury process. Through experimental verification, TBC1D25 deficiency increased the phosphorylation of the transforming growth factor‐β‐activated kinase 1 (TAK1)‐c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 axis in neurons during the brain I/R injury. Furthermore, we found that TAK1 blockade abrogated the apoptosis and inflammatory response produced by TBC1D25 knockdown in vitro. In conclusion, this study is the first to demonstrate the functional significance of TBC1D25 in the pathophysiology of brain I/R injury, and the protective mechanism of TBC1D25 is dependent on the TAK1‐JNK/p38 pathway.
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The efficacy of psychological interventions for depressed primary caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Xiaofeng , Wang Yanan , Wang Shen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo systematically evaluate the effectiveness of psychological intervention durations and different psychological interventions on treating depression in primary caregivers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.MethodsA computerized search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Ebsco, Web of Science, CNKI, CSBD, and CSTJ databases on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychological interventions for depressed primary caregivers of AD patients was performed. Depression scores were derived from the Self‐rated Depression Scale (SDS) and the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D). The results were analyzed using Revman 5.3 utilizing Trial Sequential Analysis (TSA) software for data analysis.ResultsEight RCTs involving 857 depressed primary caregivers of AD patients were included in the study. Of the four psychological interventions studied, only three (i.e., cognitive‐behavioral psychological, integrated psychological, and psychological interview intervention) were shown to significantly reduce depression levels in primary caregivers of AD patients after 2‐months, 10‐weeks, and 6‐months of treatment (p ≤ 0.05). It is uncertain that a supportive psychological intervention or a 3‐months psychological intervention reduced the level of depression. Sequential and sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of the outcome measures.ConclusionCognitive‐behavioral psychological, integrated psychological, and psychological interview interventions were able to significantly reduce depression levels in primary caregivers of AD patients. These findings reveal that psychological interventions may be a promising means for depressed primary caregivers of patients with AD.Clinical relevanceFor the primary caregivers of AD patients, effective interventions can help reduce psycho‐depressive symptoms and improve the quality of life for the caregivers and the patients. Medical staff may want to use this information to help to provide a more effective guide for primary caregivers in an effort to reduce possible levels of depression.
Hospital nurses’ experiences of assessing health status changes in stem‐cell transplanted patients in home care: A qualitative study
Authors: Wergeland Daniel , Harsten Kristine , Klarare Anna , Steindal Simen A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore hospital nurses’ experience assessing changes in the health status of stem‐cell transplanted patients in home care (HC).BackgroundStem‐cell transplanted patients in HC are treated at home instead of in hospital wards. Hospital nurses visit patients daily and play a key role in assessing the patients’ health status. Previous studies on HC for stem‐cell transplanted patients focus mainly on safety in HC versus hospital care. No studies regarding nurses’ experience assessing patients’ health status at home when patients undergo stem‐cell transplantation were found.DesignQualitative study with an explorative design.MethodsData were collected via 14 individual semi‐structured interviews with hospital nurses working with stem‐cell transplanted patients in HC. Data were analysed using systematic text condensation. The reporting of the study was guided by the COREQ checklist.ResultsThree categories emerged from the data analysis: 1) Effective communication and clinical intuition enhances the assessment of patients’ general health condition; 2) It is challenging to rely on one's own judgment in remote assessment; and 3) There are key facilitators in performing remote clinical assessments.ConclusionsEffective communication and clinical intuition enhanced the assessment of patients’ general health conditions. The lack of physical presence during remote assessments made using clinical intuition in the assessment process difficult. Experience with hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation was seen as important to facilitate accurate remote clinical assessments.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses with responsibility for hospital at‐home telephone care should receive training in remote communication and should shadow hospital at‐home nurses during in home visits to gain experience assessing patients’ health status. Telehealth aspects such as videoconferencing and remote patient monitoring should be considered for more accurate remote assessment. This could potentially result in more effective assessments and reduced readmissions and could promote nurses’ confidence in their assessments.
Extremely high anti‐Mullerian hormone levels detected during infertility workup revealing sex cord tumor with annular tubules and underlying Peutz–Jeghers syndrome: A case report
Authors: Yucel Cicek Ozge Senem , Gezer Sener , Cakir Ozgur , Hekimoglu Gurbuz Rumeysa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe report an infertile, but otherwise asymptomatic woman, whose extremely high anti‐Mullerian hormone (AMH) level detected during infertility investigation led to the diagnosis of sex cord tumor with annular tubules (SCTAT) which is a very rare sex cord‐stromal tumor (SCST) and eventually revealed a previously undiagnosed hereditary cancer syndrome, Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS). A 33‐year‐old woman attended Kocaeli University ART Clinic for infertility evaluation. Her AMH level was 319.63 ng/ml. Detection of bilateral ovarian cysts required surgical evaluation. The histopathological examination of ovaries revealed SCTAT. The strong association of SCTAT with PJS raised the suspicion of this syndrome. Whole STK11 gene sequencing confirmed PJS diagnosis. AMH has become a widely used tool in the evaluation of infertile women. Clinicians dealing with infertility should be familiar with the utility of AMH measurement besides being a marker of ovarian reserve. Detection of high AMH concentrations should raise the suspicion of an SCST.
Clinical characteristics and hematological parameters associated with disease severity in COVID‐19 positive pregnant women undergoing cesarean section: A single‐center experience
Authors: Arslan Baris , Bicer Ilhan G. , Sahin Tuna , Vay Merve , Dilek Okan , Destegul Emre 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThe study aimed to describe clinical characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women with COVID‐19 undergoing cesarean section, and evaluated the association of blood values at admission with severe COVID‐19 disease in this group of patients.MethodWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 110 patients infected with COVID‐19 who underwent cesarean section at Adana City Education and Research Hospital in Turkey. The COVID‐19 severity of the patients was classified as either severe or nonsevere disease according to World Health Organization of COVID‐19 clinical management guidance. We compared blood values, clinical characteristics, and outcomes between severe and nonsevere patients. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves analyses and area under the ROC curve (AUC) value was calculated to evaluate the predictive value of blood parameters on the COVID‐19 severity.ResultsOf the 110 women, 12 were severe cases. Severe patients had higher ferritin, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and procalcitonin levels on admission (p < 0.05). The ROC analysis demonstrated AUC of NLR, LDH, AST, ALT, ferritin, and procalcitonin was 0.757, 0.856, 0.840, 0.771, 0.821, and 0.698, respectively. The LDH had a maximum specificity (90.8%), with the cutoff value of 365. The O‐blood group was more likely to have severe illness than the non‐O‐blood group (relative risk: 3.6; 95% confidence interval; 1.2–10.4).ConclusionThis study shows that LDH values at admission are an early and powerful predictor of severe infection for pregnant women with COVID‐19 who will undergo a cesarean section.
Effect of Different Preparation Depths for an Inlay‐Retained Fixed Partial Denture on the Accuracy of Different Intraoral Scanners: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Khaled Mohamed , Sabet Ahmed , Ebeid Kamal , Salah Tarek 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeThe aim was to evaluate the effect of different preparation depths for inlay‐retained fixed partial dentures on the accuracy of intraoral scanners.Materials and MethodsTooth preparations for two inlay‐retained fixed partial dentures were done and divided according to depth of the preparation. Group A: 2 mm pulpal floor depth, 3 mm gingival floor depth and Group B: 3 mm pulpal floor depth, 4mm gingival floor depth. The CEREC Omnicam 4.4.4, Omnicam 4.6.2. Trios3 and Medit i500 intraoral scanners were used in this study. Tooth preparations were scanned by each scanner 10 times. The STL files obtained from the intraoral scanners were compared to the reference models (trueness) and within each test group (precision) using a 3D comparison software. Data were then statistically analyzed.ResultsRegarding trueness, two‐way ANOVA revealed significant differences between the different types of scanners (p < 0.001) (Omnicam 4.4.4: 65.09 ± 2.87 Omnicam 4.6.1: 52.73 ± 3.31 Medit i500: 58.45 ± 2.63 Trios 3: 41.79 ± 4.42). Preparation depth had no significant influence on the trueness (p = 0.083). For precision two‐way ANOVA revealed significant differences between the different types of scanners (p < 0.001). Preparation depth had no significant influence on the precision (p = 0.111). Statistically significant interactions were found between the different variables.ConclusionsThe depth of preparation did not have an influence on the accuracy of different scanners. However, the type of scanner influenced the accuracy of digital impressions with Trios3 showing the highest accuracy.
Technology heterogeneity and market structure
Authors: Eling Martin , Jia Ruo , Lin Jieyu , Rothschild Casey 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNew technologies may allow principals or firms to learn more quickly about the characteristics of their agents or clients—at some cost of employing that technology. We study the implications of this speed‐versus‐cost tradeoff for equilibrium pricing and purchasing decisions in insurance markets featuring adverse selection. In particular, we study dynamic competitive equilibrium in a theoretical model featuring individuals who differ in their privately known risk types and featuring two types of insurers: conventional insurers who employ a legacy learning technology and tech insurers who employ a new technology. Equilibrium in our model features sorting of low‐risk types into tech firms and high‐risk types into conventional firms. We show, intuitively, that lowering the technology cost raises this cutoff and thus increases the equilibrium market share of tech firms. Perhaps counter‐intuitively, however, we show that adverse selection effects within the conventional market can cause an attempt by conventional insurers to catch up with tech firms—by increasing the speed at which they learn about the risk types of their insureds—to backfire and lead to an increase in the market share of tech firms. Our results are readily adapted to bank lending and labor market settings.
Linked selection, ancient polymorphism, and ecological adaptation shape the genomic landscape of divergence in Quercus dentata
Authors: Zhou Biao‐Feng , Shi Yong , Chen Xue‐Yan , Yuan Shuai , Liang Yi‐Ye , Wang Baosheng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMultiple evolutionary forces contribute to heterogeneous genomic landscapes; however, disentangling their relative contributions is challenging. We sampled nine populations across the distribution of Quercus dentata, a dominant forest tree in East Asia, and used whole‐genome sequencing data to investigate mechanisms underlying divergence. We identified two genetic groups (north and south) that diverged ~1.84 million years ago, consistent with the uplift of the Qinling Mountains during the Pleistocene. The north group experienced a bottleneck during the middle–late Pleistocene and expanded from multiple refugia. The south group experienced a more severe bottleneck and showed high population differentiation, probably due to long‐term isolation and habitat fragmentation. We detected genomic islands with elevated relative differentiation (FST) scattered across the genome. Among these, 65.9% showed reduced absolute divergence (dXY) consistent with linked selection, while the remaining (34.1%) showed elevated dXY suggestive of divergent sorting of ancient polymorphisms. The recombination rate in genomic islands was lower than background, suggesting the importance of genome structure in shaping the genomic landscape. We detected 108 single nucleotide polymorphisms significantly associated with environmental factors, 12 of which clustered in a region of ~500 kb. This region showed multiple signals of positive selection in the north group, including the enrichment of XP‐extended haplotype homozygosity scores, an elevated population branch statistic, and an excess of high‐frequency derived alleles. In addition, we found that linkage disequilibrium was low and derived haplotypes declined rapidly in this region, indicating selection on standing variation. Our results clarify the evolutionary processes driving genomic divergence in Q. dentata.