bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scale-Free Analysis of Intraoperative ECoG During Awake Craniotomy for Glioma
Authors: Ghinda Diana Cristina , Lambert Ben , Lu Junfeng , Jiang Ning , Tsai Eve , Sachs Adam , Wu Jin-Song , Northoff Georg 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundElectrocorticography (ECoG) has been utilized in many epilepsy cases however, the use of this technique for evaluating electrophysiological changes within tumoral zones is spare. Nonetheless, epileptic activities seem to arise from the neocortex surrounding the gliomas suggesting a link between epileptogenesis and glioma cell infiltration in the peritumoral area. The purpose of this study was to implement novel scale-free measures to assess how cortical physiology is altered by the presence of an invasive brain tumor.MethodsTwelve patients undergoing an awake craniotomy for resection of a supratentorial glioma were included. ECoG data over the main tumor and the exposed surroundings was acquired intra-operatively just prior to tumor resection. Six of the patients presented with seizures and had data acquired both in the awake and anesthetic state. The corresponding anatomical location of each electrode in relation to the macroscopically-detectable tumor was recorded using the neuronavigation system based on structural anatomical images obtained pre-operatively. The electrodes were classified into tumoral, healthy or peritumoral based on the macroscopically detectable tumoral tissue from the pre-operative structural MRI.ResultsThe electrodes overlying the tumoral tissue revealed higher power law exponent (PLE) values across tumoral area compared to the surrounding tissues. The difference between the awake and anesthetic states was significant in the tumoral and healthy tissue (p &lt; 0.05) but not in the peritumoral tissue. The absence of a significant PLE reduction in the peritumoral tissue from the anesthetic to the awake state could be considered as an index of the presence or absence of infiltration of tumor cells into the peritumoral tissue.ConclusionsThe current study portrays for the first time distinct power law exponent features in the tumoral tissue, which could provide a potential novel electrophysiological marker in the future. The distinct features seen in the peritumoral tissue of gliomas seem to indicate the area where both the onset of epileptiform activity and the tumor infiltration take place.
The Impact of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression on the Prognosis of Early Stage Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Literatures
Authors: Shi Tao , Zhu Shuai , Guo Hengjuan , Li Xiongfei , Zhao Shikang , Wang Yanye , Lei Xi , Huang Dingzhi , Peng Ling , Li Ziming , Xu Song 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionPrevious studies have demonstrated that programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) serves as biomarker for poor prognosis and survival in advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, the merit of PD-L1 expression to predict the prognosis of early stage NSCLC patients who underwent complete resection remains controversial. In the present study, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between PD-L1 expression and prognosis in patients with early stage resected NSCLC.MethodsElectronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, were searched until July 23 2020 for studies evaluating the expression of PD-L1 and the prognosis of resected NSCLCs. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were pooled and analyzed. Heterogeneity and publication bias analyses were also assessed.ResultsA total of 15 studies involving 3,790 patients were considered in the present meta-analysis. The pooled HR indicated that PD-L1 expression related to a much shorter DFS (HR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.18–2.05, p &lt; 0.01), as well a significantly worse OS (HR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.29–2.18, p &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, our analysis indicated that PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with gender (male vs. female: OR = 1.27, 95% CI:1.01–1.59, p = 0.038), histology (ADC vs. SCC: OR = 0.54, 95% CI:0.38–0.77, p = 0.001), TNM stage (I vs. II–III: OR = 0.45, 95% CI:0.34–0.60, p = 0.000), smoking status (Yes vs No: OR = 1.43, 95% CI:1.14–1.80, p = 0.002) and lymph node metastasis (N+ vs N−: OR = 1.97, 95% CI:1.26–3.08, p = 0.003).ConclusionsThe results of this meta-analysis suggest that PD-L1 expression predicts an unfavorable prognosis in early stage resected NSCLCs. The role of personalized anti-PD-L1/PD-1 immunotherapy in the adjuvant settings of resected NSCLC warrants further investigation.
Correlation of Coagulation Parameters With Clinical Outcomes During the Coronavirus-19 Surge in New York: Observational Cohort
Authors: Reyes Gil Morayma , Gonzalez-Lugo Jesus D. , Rahman Shafia , Barouqa Mohammad , Szymanski James , Ikemura Kenji , Lo Yungtai , Billett Henny H. 
Published: February 2021

ImportanceCOVID-19 has caused a worldwide illness and New York became the epicenter of COVID-19 in the United States from Mid-March to May 2020.ObjectiveTo investigate the coagulopathic presentation of COVID and its natural course during the early stages of the COVID-19 surge in New York. To investigate whether hematologic and coagulation parameters can be used to assess illness severity and death.DesignRetrospective case study of positive COVID inpatients between March 20, 2020-March 31, 2020.SettingMontefiore Health System main hospital, Moses, a large tertiary care center in the Bronx.ParticipantsAdult inpatients with positive COVID tests hospitalized at MHS.Exposure (for observational studies)Datasets of participants were queried for demographic (age, sex, socioeconomic status, and self-reported race and/or ethnicity), clinical and laboratory data.Main Outcome and MeasuresRelationship and predictive value of measured parameters to mortality and illness severity.ResultsOf the 225 in this case review, 75 died during hospitalization while 150 were discharged home. Only the admission PT, absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and first D-Dimer could significantly differentiate those who were discharged alive and those who died. Logistic regression analysis shows increased odds ratio for mortality by first D-Dimer within 48 hrs. of admission. The optimal cut-point for the initial D-Dimer to predict mortality was found to be 2.1 μg/mL. 15% of discharged patients required readmission and more than a third of readmitted patients died (5% of all initially discharged).ConclusionWe describe here a comprehensive assessment of hematologic and coagulation parameters in COVID-19 and examine the relationship of these to mortality. We demonstrate that both initial and maximum D-Dimer values are biomarkers that can be used for survival assessments. Furthermore, D-Dimer may be useful to follow up discharged patients.
The Development of Volcanic Ash Cloud Layers over Hours to Days Due to Atmospheric Turbulence Layering
Authors: Bursik Marcus , Yang Qingyuan , Bear-Crozier Adele , Pavolonis Michael , Tupper Andrew 
Published: February 2021

Volcanic ash clouds often become multilayered and thin with distance from the vent. We explore one mechanism for the development of this layered structure. We review data on the characteristics of turbulence layering in the free atmosphere, as well as examples of observations of layered clouds both near-vent and distally. We then explore dispersion models that explicitly use the observed layered structure of atmospheric turbulence. The results suggest that the alternation of turbulent and quiescent atmospheric layers provides one mechanism for the development of multilayered ash clouds by modulating vertical particle motion. The largest particles, generally μ>100 μm, are little affected by turbulence. For particles in which both settling and turbulent diffusion are important to vertical motion, mostly in the range of 10–100 μμm, the greater turbulence intensity and more rapid turbulent diffusion in some layers causes these particles to spend greater time in the more turbulent layers, leading to a layering of concentration. The results may have important implications for ash cloud forecasting and aviation safety.
Implementation of Smart Vehicle Parking System
Authors: S Hebziba Jeba Rani , P Soundarya , D Susmitha 
Published: February 2021

In today’s era one of the most common problems which the world is facing is an exponential increase in population. This has indirectly increased a lot of other issues; one of them being the quantity of vehicles on the road. The increased number of vehicles results in shortage of parking areas. This project aims to present an intelligent parking system for vehicles that identifies the parking slot automatically through sensors and displays it without making the drivers to circle around the parking area. The availability of parking slots will be displayed to the drivers at the entrance. It also captures the number plate of vehicles by using camera and recognises the number using image processing and stores it in the server at the entrance and also at the exit of parking area for ease of payment purposes. All the information’s will be simultaneously updated in the IoT server and can be used for future use. It is found that the system decreases the manual work and provides high efficiency and high accuracy.
Intelligent System for Accurate Prediction and Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: K Anusha Nambirajam , T Siva Subramanian , R Priyadharshini 
Published: February 2021

Image processing is a process of converting an image into digital form and achieve some maneuvers on it, in order to get an enhanced image or to mine some useful information from it. It is a type of signal dispensation in which the input is an image, like video frame or photograph and output, may be image along with its characteristics and features associated with that image. An image is defined as a two-dimensional function F(x,y), where x and y are spatial coordinates, and the amplitude of F at any pair of coordinates (x,y) is called the intensity of that image at that point. When x, y, and amplitude values of F are finite, we call it a digital image. Image processing mainly consists of three basic steps. They are as follows: Initially, the image will be imported by using an optical scanner or by high-digital photography. Then the captured image will be subjected to the analyzation and manipulation process. These process also includes compression of data, enhancement of the image and spotting the patterns that are not visible to human eyes like satellite photography. Finally, the output will be obtained as an alternative image or any other essential feature extraction of the pre-processed image. Image Processing consists of two major types. They are Analog Image Processing and Digital Image Processing. Digital Image Processing is a process in which a digital system is developed for processing a digital image and extracting feature form of results. Digital Image Processing works on the basis of an algorithm. An Intelligent System for Accurate Detection and Prediction of Alzheimer’s Disease mainly uses the k-nearest neighbor algorithm. Alzheimer’s Disease is a type of disease in which the brain cells tend to die away and cause memory loss. In our proposed model we predict the accuracy of the amount of memory loss occurred in an affected brain. This system is mainly developed for helping the doctors and psychologists to obtain a maximum level of accuracy of the patient’s affected brain.
Coordination Control of Microgrid using Sliding Mode Controller
Authors: T Geetha , S Chitra 
Published: February 2021

Traditional power generation and consumption are undergoing major transformation. One of the tendencies is to integrate microgrid into the distribution network with high penetration of renewable energy resources. A synchronous generator and a PV farm supply power to the system’s AC and DC sides, respectively. A DC/DC boost converter with a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function is implemented to maximize the energy generation from the PV farm. In the existing system a model predictive power and voltage control (MPPVC) method is developed for the AC/DC interlinking converter this has a drawback in smooth grid synchronization. But in the proposed system a sliding mode controller is used to link the AC bus with the DC bus while regulating the system voltage and frequency and it ensures smooth power transfer between the DC and AC sub grids. Meanwhile, smooth grid synchronization and connection can be achieved. Proposed constant frequency sliding mode control retains the advantages of good dynamic response as in hysteresis control, better reference tracking switching frequency and less sensitivity to parameter variations and non liner loads. From the Simulation results it is verified that the proposed topology is coordinated for power management in both AC and DC sides under critical loads with high efficiency, reliability, and robustness under both grid-connected and islanding modes.
Orphanage Helping System
Authors: K Santhosh Kumar , P Ashish Kumar , V.K.G. Kalaiselvi 
Published: February 2021

An orphanage is a residential institution devoted to the care of orphan-children whose parents are unwilling or unable to take care of them. The problem of orphan is acute due to urbanization and industrialization. Need for each of the orphanages varies in different categories such as food, money, clothes, medicine. Most of the people would like to help the orphanages but the major problem is that they have any idea on how to approach these orphanages. The main objective of this application is to develop a centralized site for orphanages. In our proposed system we try to create an interface between Orphanages\Old age Homes which are in need of charity and people/Volunteers who are willing to help these people. Volunteers can also approach the Orphanage managers regarding the help that they can afford. People can donate through Internet Banking or Online Money Payment applications.
A highly secure Multi- Factor authentication system using biometrics to enhance privacy in Internet of Things (IOT)
Authors: M Vijay , G Indumathi 
Published: February 2021

Authentication is becoming critical in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment because of its many applications and services have been emerging in the areas such as smart city, healthcare, industry etc. Security and privacy plays a vital role in IoT because their services can be accessed through smart device applications by the user from everywhere and at any time. Hence a multi-factor based authentication can provide high security in IOT environment. This security system incorporates most of the valuable methods such as cryptography, steganography and pattern recognition for authentication process. Among various biometric traits, palm vein is more efficient because it has essential sufficient features points for individual unique identification. The system employs registration phase and authentication phase. The registration phase enrolls person privacy data with their biometric and the obtained data’s are encrypted with the help of Elliptical Curve Cryptography (ECC) and this confidential information is embedded into person palm print image using bits substitution procedure. In authentication phase, recognition will be performed through three levels such as password, palm print and One Time Password (OTP). Using these three levels the matching can be done. The texture features can be obtained by using Multi Block Local Binary Pattern (MB-LBP) and Gabor filter. To afford high authentication, OTP method is also appended. This system provides better information security and texture analysis rather than previous approaches. Thus this multiple level approach ensures a fool proof and a reliable way for data access. Results are in terms of some validation parameters like false acceptance ratio, false rejection ratio and recognition rate. Observing from results, it is clear that the proposed approach outperform many existing methods. As a result, the proposed scheme has strong security, reliability and enhanced computational efficiency.
Experimental Study on Various Mineral Admixtures in Fibre Reinforced Concrete
Authors: E Kavitha , S Karthik , B Eithya , M Seenirajan 
Published: February 2021

The quantity of fly ash produced from thermal power plants in India is approximately 80 million tons each year, and its percentage utilization is less than 10%. An attempt has been made to utilize these cheaper materials in concrete production. This thesis aims at investigating the characteristics of fresh concrete and various strengths of hardened concrete made with various mineral admixtures such as fly ash. GGBFS, silica fume. Rice husk ash along with polypropylene fibres in various proportions. M20 grade concrete is considered for experimental studies with 53grade Ordinary Portland Cement blended with varying percentages of mineral admixtures. The maximum size of coarse aggregate used is 20mm. Various mineral admixtures such as fly ash. GGBFS.Silica fume. Rice Husk Ash were added concrete in various percentages by partially replacing cement and the optimum percentage of the mineral admixtures will be found. Based on the obtained values, the admixture with maximum mechanical strength is determined and to this polypropylene fibre is added by varying 0 to 0.5 % by weight of cement to the mix. The test results obtained were compared and discussed with conventional concrete.
Silica fume as Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete
Authors: R Selvapriya 
Published: February 2021

In the recent past, there have been considerable attempts for improving the properties of concrete with respect to strength and durability, especially in aggressive environments. High performance concrete appears to be better choice for a strong and durable structure. A large amount of by-product or wastes such as fly-ash, copper slag, silica fume etc. Are generated by industries, which causes environmental as well as health problems due to dumping and disposal. Proper introduction of silica fume in concrete improves both the mechanical and durability characteristics of the concrete. This paper present literature review on replacement of Cement by Silica Fume which includes current and future trends of research.
Solar Powered Electric Smart Skate Scooter with IoT
Authors: D Sri Vidhya , S Gomathi , T Venkatesan 
Published: February 2021

Pollution due to fuel-based vehicles can be controlled by renewable energy-based vehicles. In this project solar based electrical skate scooter was proposed. Solar based electrical skate scooter was designed with a motor coupled with wheel Motor runs with a help of a battery. Battery was charged with the solar power from solar panel fitted in the scooter. Use of a smart energy management system with solar power charging the battery reduces the pollution. The whole setup was interconnected with ARDUNIO for monitoring. The parameters such as speed, battery level and battery status (Charging/Discharging/low power/full power) was sensed and monitored by ARDUNIO. Data was processed and was transferred to the cloud with using the NodeMCU module. The data is stored in the cloud which can be received by the receiver section, which is mobile phone or laptop.
The Acceptability of Tempeh Based Sausage Formulations with Natural Preservatives Addition
Authors: Sihite Nathasa 
Published: February 2021

Sausage is a popular food for both children and adults. The main problem in sausage processing is their short shelf life. Synthetic preservatives such as nitrites are often added to sausage dough to extend the shelf life of sausages. Preservatives such as nitrites, if consumed too often can have harmful effects on health. The content of active compounds found in jasmine flowers is expected to be used as a source of natural preservatives in the processing of tempeh sausage in this study. This study aims to determine the acceptability of sausage formulations with the addition of natural preservatives. This study consisted of 3 treatments, namely tempeh sausage with extract variations of 0%, 0.1%, and 0.25%. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD). The concentration of jasmine flower extract had a significantly different effect on the taste of tempeh (p <0.05), where the higher the concentration of jasmine flower extract added to the tempeh sausage, the panelists' preference for the taste of the tempeh sausage would decrease. This is because the two basic ingredients of sausage, namely tempeh and jasmine flowers, already have a specific basic taste. The selection of preservatives made from natural ingredients can be a choice in developing food products, to minimize the use of synthetic preservatives in food products that are carcinogenic.
Keywords: Sausage, tempeh, preservatives
Partial Thickness Sclerectomy for Uveal Effusion Syndrome in nanophthalmic eyes
Authors: Khadka Simanta , Byanju Raghundandan , Pradhan Sangita , Piya Saurav , Singh Sweta , Shah Ritesh , Chaudhary Santosh 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Nanophthalmos characterized by short axial length, high lens-to-eye ratio and thick sclera, is more prone to develop uveal effusion syndrome (UES). This rare entity can result in idiopathic exudative detachment of the choroid, ciliary body and retina. Abnormality in the scleral thickness with resultant obstruction of the vortex veins and reduced trans-scleral drainage of fluid is responsible for exudative retinal detachment (ERD).
Methods: A retrospective study of UES in nanophthalmic patients treated with partial thickness sclerectomy in tertiary eye care centre from January 2015 to June 2019. Five eyes of five patients (four males and one female) with a diagnosis of nanophthalmos suffered from angle closure glaucoma associated with ERD. Raised intra-ocular pressure (IOP) not amenable to conservative medical management were subjected to surgery. Lamellar sclerectomy was performed in two or more quadrants without drainage which was judged on the basis of maximum amount of exudative fluid present in the subsequent quadrants.
Results: The average age at surgery was 39.2 years and the mean follow-up duration was 9.2 months (6 to 18 months). Revision sclerectomy was required in 2/5 (60%) eyes. The serous fluid gradually resolved and retina remained reattached at the end of final follow up. The useful vision was preserved and IOP was normalized.
Conclusion: Nanophthalmic UES remains a challenging clinical entity. Partial thickness sclerectomy may be an effective option in the treatment of nanophthalmic UES, not amenable to the conventional medical management in a low resource setup.