bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stroke-Related Mortality at Different Altitudes: A 17-Year Nationwide Population-Based Analysis From Ecuador
Authors: Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Espinosa Patricio S. , Borrero Alfredo , Cordovez Simone P. , Vasconez Jorge E. , Barreto-Grimales Alejandra , Coral-Almeida Marco , Henriquez-Trujillo Aquiles R. , Simbaña-Rivera Katherine , Gomez-Barreno Lenin , Viscor Gines , Roderick Paul 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Worldwide, more than 5.7% of the population reside above 1,500 m of elevation. It has been hypothesized that acute short-term hypoxia exposure could increase the risk of developing a stroke. Studies assessing the effect of altitude on stroke have provided conflicting results, some analyses suggest that long-term chronic exposure could be associated with reduced mortality and lower stroke incidence rates.Methods: An ecological analysis of all stroke hospital admissions, mortality rates, and disability-adjusted life years in Ecuador was performed from 2001 to 2017. The cases and population at risk were categorized in low (&lt;1,500 m), moderate (1,500–2,500 m), high (2,500–3,500 m), and very high altitude (3,500–5,500 m) according to the place of residence. The derived crude and direct standardized age-sex adjusted mortality and hospital admission rates were calculated.Results: A total of 38,201 deaths and 75,893 stroke-related hospital admissions were reported. High altitude populations (HAP) had lower stroke mortality in men [OR: 0.91 (0.88–0.95)] and women [OR: 0.83 (0.79–0.86)]. In addition, HAP had a significant lower risk of getting admitted to the hospital when compared with the low altitude group in men [OR: 0.55 (CI 95% 0.54–0.56)] and women [OR: 0.65 (CI 95% 0.64–0.66)].Conclusion: This is the first epidemiological study that aims to elucidate the association between stroke and altitude using four different elevation ranges. Our findings suggest that living at higher elevations offers a reduction or the risk of dying due to stroke as well as a reduction in the probability of being admitted to the hospital. Nevertheless, this protective factor has a stronger effect between 2,000 and 3,500 m.
Analyzing the Role of Repolarization Gradients in Post-infarct Ventricular Tachycardia Dynamics Using Patient-Specific Computational Heart Models
Authors: Sung Eric , Prakosa Adityo , Trayanova Natalia A. 
Published: September 2021

Aims: Disease-induced repolarization heterogeneity in infarcted myocardium contributes to VT arrhythmogenesis but how apicobasal and transmural (AB-TM) repolarization gradients additionally affect post-infarct VT dynamics is unknown. The goal of this study is to assess how AB-TM repolarization gradients impact post-infarct VT dynamics using patient-specific heart models.Method: 3D late gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance images were acquired from seven post-infarct patients. Models representing the patient-specific scar and infarct border zone distributions were reconstructed without (baseline) and with repolarization gradients along both the AB-TM axes. AB only and TM only models were created to assess the effects of each ventricular gradient on VT dynamics. VTs were induced in all models via rapid pacing.Results: Ten baseline VTs were induced. VT inducibility in AB-TM models was not significantly different from baseline (p&gt;0.05). Reentry pathways in AB-TM models were different than baseline pathways due to alterations in the location of conduction block (p&lt;0.05). VT exit sites in AB-TM models were different than baseline VT exit sites (p&lt;0.05). VT inducibility of AB only and TM only models were not significantly different than that of baseline (p&gt;0.05) or AB-TM models (p&gt;0.05). Reentry pathways and VT exit sites in AB only and TM only models were different than in baseline (p&lt;0.05). Lastly, repolarization gradients uncovered multiple VT morphologies with different reentrant pathways and exit sites within the same structural, conducting channels.Conclusion: VT inducibility was not impacted by the addition of AB-TM repolarization gradients, but the VT reentrant pathway and exit sites were greatly affected due to modulation of conduction block. Thus, during ablation procedures, physiological and pharmacological factors that impact the ventricular repolarization gradient might need to be considered when targeting the VTs.
Remote Work Decreases Psychological and Physical Stress Responses, but Full-Remote Work Increases Presenteeism
Authors: Shimura Akiyoshi , Yokoi Katsunori , Ishibashi Yoshiki , Akatsuka Yusaku , Inoue Takeshi 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Remote work was widely promoted in 2020, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the effects of remote work on psychological and physical stress responses and presenteeism of workers remain unclear. This research aims to provide empirical evidence of the implications for people and organizations of this new scenario of working from home.Methods: A two-wave panel survey of before and after the pandemic was performed to investigate the effects of remote work on these aspects among office workers. A total of 3,123 office workers from 23 tertiary industries responded to a questionnaire. Participants were surveyed about their job stress conditions and sleep practices in both 2019 and 2020, who had not done remote work as of 2019 were included in the study. The effects of remote work on psychological and physical stress responses and presenteeism were analyzed by multivariate analysis, with the adjustment of age, gender, overtime, job stressors, social support, and sleep status.Results: The multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that remote work was associated with the reduction of psychological and physical stress responses independently of changes of job stressors, social support, sleep disturbance, and total sleep time on workdays. On the other hand, remote work of 5 days a week (full-remote) was associated with the reduction of work productivity.Conclusion: Promoting remote work can reduce psychological and physical stress responses, however, full-remote work has the risk of worsening presenteeism. From the viewpoint of mental health, the review of working styles is expected to have positive effects, even after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Role of Socioeconomic Status, Family Resilience, and Social Support in Predicting Psychological Resilience Among Chinese Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Qiu Yuan , Huang Yingying , Wang Yuxin , Ren Liya , Jiang Hao , Zhang Liping , Dong Chaoqun 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Evidence regarding the possible influence of social factors on psychological resilience among maintenance hemodialysis patients is scarce. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship among socioeconomic status, family resilience, and social support, and psychological resilience among Chinese maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the hemodialysis centers of three comprehensive hospitals in China from September to December 2020 using convenience sampling. Two hundred fifty-eight patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis were investigated using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), Chinese Family Resilience Assessment Scale (C-FRAS), and Chinese version of the Conner and Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC).Results: Maintenance hemodialysis patients reported a low level of physical resilience, with a score of (58.92 ± 15.27). Hierarchical linear regression analysis showed that education level (β = 0.127, p = 0.018), maintenance of a positive outlook by the family (β = 0.269, p = 0.001), positive social interaction support from the family (β = 0.233, p = 0.002), and tangible support (β = −0.135, p = 0.037) were significantly associated with psychological resilience.Conclusion: SES, family resilience and social support may be potential predictive factors of psychological resilience. Interventions to improve the family resilience and social support may be beneficial to promote the psychological resilience of Chinese maintenance hemodialysis patients.
The Impact on HIV Testing Over 6 Months When Free Oral HIV Self-Test Kits Were Available to Truck Drivers in Kenya: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kelvin Elizabeth A. , George Gavin , Romo Matthew L. , Mantell Joanne E. , Mwai Eva , Nyaga Eston N. , Odhiambo Jacob O. , Govender Kaymarlin 
Published: September 2021

Background: Studies suggest that offering HIV self-testing (HIVST) increases short-term HIV testing rates, but few have looked at long-term outcomes.Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial (RIDIE 55847d64a454f) on the impact of offering free oral HIVST to 305 truck drivers recruited from two clinics in Kenya. We previously reported that those offered HIVST were more likely to accept testing. Here we report on the 6-month follow-up during which intervention participants could pick-up HIVST kits from eight clinics.Results: There was no difference in HIV testing during 6-month follow-up between participants in the intervention and the standard of care (SOC) arms (OR = 1.0, p = 0.877). The most common reasons given for not testing were lack of time (69.6%), low risk (27.2%), fear of knowing HIV status (20.8%), and had tested recently (8.0%). The null association was not modified by having tested at baseline (interaction p = 0.613), baseline risk behaviors (number of partners in past 6 months, interaction p = 0.881, had transactional sex in past 6 months, interaction p = 0.599), nor having spent at least half of the past 30 nights away from home for work (interaction p = 0.304). Most participants indicated a preference for the characteristics associated with the SOC [preference for blood-based tests (69.4%), provider-administered testing (74.6%) testing in a clinic (70.1%)]. However, those in the intervention arm were more likely to prefer an oral swab test than those in the SOC (36.6 vs. 24.6%, p = 0.029).Conclusions: Offering HIVST kits to truck drivers through a clinic network had little impact on testing rates over the 6-month follow-up when participants had to return to the clinic to access HIVST. Clinic-based distribution of HIVST kits may not address some major barriers to testing, such as lack of time to go to a clinic, fear of knowing one’s status and low risk perception. Preferred HIV testing attributes were consistent with the SOC for most participants, but oral swab preference was higher among those in the intervention arm, who had seen the oral HIVST and had the opportunity to try it. This suggests that preferences may change with exposure to different testing modalities.
The CO2 Human Emissions (CHE) Project: First Steps Towards a European Operational Capacity to Monitor Anthropogenic CO2 Emissions
Authors: Balsamo Gianpaolo , Engelen Richard , Thiemert Daniel , Agusti-Panareda Anna , Bousserez Nicolas , Broquet Grégoire , Brunner Dominik , Buchwitz Michael , Chevallier Frédéric , Choulga Margarita , Denier Van Der Gon Hugo , Florentie Liesbeth , Haussaire Jean-Matthieu , Janssens-Maenhout Greet , Jones Matthew W. , Kaminski Thomas , Krol Maarten , Le Quéré Corinne , Marshall Julia , McNorton Joe , Prunet Pascal , Reuter Maximilian , Peters Wouter , Scholze Marko 
Published: September 2021

The Paris Agreement of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is a binding international treaty signed by 196 nations to limit their greenhouse gas emissions through ever-reducing Nationally Determined Contributions and a system of 5-yearly Global Stocktakes in an Enhanced Transparency Framework. To support this process, the European Commission initiated the design and development of a new Copernicus service element that will use Earth observations mainly to monitor anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The CO2 Human Emissions (CHE) project has been successfully coordinating efforts of its 22 consortium partners, to advance the development of a European CO2 monitoring and verification support (CO2MVS) capacity for anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Several project achievements are presented and discussed here as examples. The CHE project has developed an enhanced capability to produce global, regional and local CO2 simulations, with a focus on the representation of anthropogenic sources. The project has achieved advances towards a CO2 global inversion capability at high resolution to connect atmospheric concentrations to surface emissions. CHE has also demonstrated the use of Earth observations (satellite and ground-based) as well as proxy data for human activity to constrain uncertainties and to enhance the timeliness of CO2 monitoring. High-resolution global simulations (at 9 km) covering the whole of 2015 (labelled CHE nature runs) fed regional and local simulations over Europe (at 5 km and 1 km resolution) and supported the generation of synthetic satellite observations simulating the contribution of a future dedicated Copernicus CO2 Monitoring Mission (CO2M).
Outcome of Pantalar Fusion With Femoral Head Allograft in Avascular Necrosis of Talus
Authors: Ramu Thiru Karthikeyan , Bajuri Mohd Yazid , Hayyun Muhammad Fathi , Mazli Norliyana 
Published: September 2021

Background: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the talus is a challenging condition that is caused primarily by trauma. The severity of the talus fracture determines the risk of AVN. Severe osteonecrosis with the loss of talar integrity can be treated with arthrodesis and structural bone graft.Method: This study shows the experience of pantalar arthrodesis using hindfoot arthrodesis nail, screw fixation, and femoral head allograft in four patients.Result: All patients were satisfied in terms of pain and function after an average of 4 months postsurgery. Limb length discrepancy was &lt;1 cm and hindfoot fusion was achieved by 3 months. The mean score for SF-36 physical function and AOFAS hindfoot score at a 2-year postpantalar arthrodesis was 88 and 80.8, respectively.Conclusion: Hindfoot ankle arthrodesis, with the usage of femoral head allograft, can be successfully used for the treatment of traumatic AVN of talus.
Cloning Coconut via Somatic Embryogenesis: A Review of the Current Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Kalaipandian Sundaravelpandian , Mu Zhihua , Kong Eveline Yee Yan , Biddle Julianne , Cave Robyn , Bazrafshan Amirhossein , Wijayabandara Kusinara , Beveridge Fernanda Caro , Nguyen Quang , Adkins Steve W. 
Published: September 2021

Coconut [Cocos nucifera L.] is often called “the tree of life” because of its many uses in the food, beverage, medicinal, and cosmetic industries. Currently, more than 50% of the palms grown throughout the world are senile and need to be replanted immediately to ensure production levels meet the present and increasing demand for coconut products. Mass replanting will not be possible using traditional propagation methods from seed. Recent studies have indicated that in vitro cloning via somatic embryogenesis is the most promising alternative for the large-scale production of new coconut palms. This paper provides a review on the status and prospects for the application of somatic embryogenesis to mass clonal propagation of coconut.
Pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease progression over 4 years in the context of the Public Health System in Brazil: is ethnicity a factor?
Authors: Dalamura Luciana dos Santos Tirapani , Suassuna Lucas Fernandes , Pereira João Eduardo Cascelli Schelb Scalla , Huaira Rosália Maria Nunes Henriques , Fernandes Neimar da Silva , Carmo Priscylla Aparecida Vieira , Maria da Silva Fernandes Natalia 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly increased, and populations with high social vulnerability tend to have worse CKD progression. Objective: To evaluate the impact of ethnicity on the control of pre-dialytic CKD in a Brazilian Unified Health System interdisciplinary outpatient clinic. Material and Methods: Data of 1,992 CKD patients were retrospectively collected from August/2010 to December/2014. Patients referred by primary health care, >18 years, ≥ two consultations were included. Sociodemographic data were collected upon admission; clinical and laboratory data were obtained at each consultation. Patients were divided into groups according to skin colour (self-identified). A descriptive analysis was performed; variables were compared using ANOVA, chi-square or Mann-Whitney U tests. Variables associated with the delta of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were evaluated using linear regression, adjusting for confounding variables. Results: 25.1% were black, 34.4% brown, and 40.5% white. Approximately 51.2% had income ≤ two minimum wages, 84.8% had low level education, 14.0% were illiterate. Black patients were younger and had lower education level; they had higher systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, intact parathyroid hormone; their haemoglobin and vitamin D were lower. The median annual eGFR loss was 0 (P25 −6.70, P75 +8.76), 36.5% had rapid eGFR loss (>5 ml/min/year). Only use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and low proteinuria were determined as significant for the outcome (RR: 0.92, CI: 0.010–0.684, p=0.02; RR: 0.8, CI: 0.998-0.999, p=0.001). Conclusion: Ethnicity did not impact CKD progression, even though black patients presented clinical and sociodemographic characteristics associated with worse disease progression.
TRAJETÓRIAS DE PESQUISA, TRAJETÓRIAS DE VIDA: EXPERIÊNCIA E CONSTITUIÇÃO DE UM PESQUISADOR
Authors: Polato de Castro Roney 
Published: September 2021

O artigo se propõe a discutir elementos que constituiriam o que nomeamos como pesquisa-experiência, inspirado nas teorizações sobre experiência de Jorge Larrosa e Michel Foucault. Busca apresentar tal perspectiva intimamente vinculada a processos de pesquisa vividos pelo autor em suas trajetórias pela pós-graduação. Retomando argumentações construídas em uma tese de doutorado em Educação, com foco na formação docente enquanto formação-experiência e formação ética-estética-política, o artigo investe no atravessamento entre trajetória de vida e de pesquisa, tendo em vista a potencialidade dessa experiência na constituição de um sujeito pesquisador.

Palavras-chave: experiência; pesquisa-experiência; Michel Foucault; pesquisa em educação; (des)subjetivação.
Exploring Relationship Between Controllable Metrics and Socio-Environmental Performance Indicators in Responsible Tourism Context Using Temporal Causal Model
Authors: BAKSI ARUP KUMAR , PARIDA BIVRAJ BHUSAN 
Published: September 2021

This study explores relationship between the controllable issues in responsible tourism and the key socio-environmental performance indicators, using the Temporal Causal Modeling (TCM) approach. TCM uses an autoregressive approach to build a causal model for a specified set of target series from a set of candidate inputs. Unlike the conventional time series, modeling TCM does not use an explicit predictor. TCM is likely to identify the controllable inputs that have maximum impact on key performance indicators. The study used 5-year time series data (2014-2018) on socio-environmental performance indicators in Indian tourism context and normalized controllable metrics related to responsible tourism. The analysis identified restoration programmes, recycling & reusing products, biological conservation, ecological carrying capacity and ethno-cultural advocacy as controllable metrics of responsible tourism and found to share significant relationship with 10 socio-environmental key performance indicators. The analysis identified restoration programmes, recycling & reusing products, biological conservation, ecological carrying capacity and ethno-cultural advocacy as controllable metrics of responsible tourism and found to share significant relationship with 10 socio-environmental key performance indicators.
Key words: Responsibility; Sustainability; Causal; Indicators; Controllable; Tourism.
Country of Origin, Covid-19 Vaccine and the Future of Travel: a Preliminary Study in Iran
Authors: Mirzaee Sara , Jalalinejad Reyhaneh , George Babu 
Published: September 2021

Country-of-origin is one of the most crucial aspects of a brand's success. Country-of-origin has a significant impact on how brands are perceived, especially in terms of the promise of quality they deliver. While different countries have announced vaccines, there has been a global hesitation to buy into those claims. Successful adoption of a successful vaccine is critical to re-launching global travel and the leisure economy. In this article, we discuss the importance of country of origin in products getting the trust needed for them to succeed – particularly a vaccine for Covid-19. A preliminary survey was conducted among 662 Iranian social media users, directly on LinkedIn and also via a Google survey instrument. Germany merged to be the iconic symbol of quality and transparency and respondents felt confident that they would not hesitate to be subjected to a German made vaccine. Germany is globally perceived as a quality leader in high technologies and medicine and Iranians concurred with this belief.
Keywords: Country of origin; Branding; Vaccine; Covid-19; Tourism; Iran.
Host Community’s Perception Towards Socio-Cultural Impacts of Tourism: an anthropological study of host destinations of Kashmir
Authors: Mir Mudasir Ahmad 
Published: September 2021

The study endeavors to know the host community’s perception regarding the socio-cultural impacts of tourism in the tourist destination of Gulmarg. The present study adopted a quantitative approach and distributed the questionnaire among the respondents of the study. The investigation is based on the findings of a survey of 147 residents of tourist destination. For descriptive statistics and factor analysis technique SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) software was used. The unidimensionality (Confirmatory Factor Analysis CFA) of the identified factors was tested through AMOS. The findings of the study revealed that host community perceive positive socio-cultural impacts of tourism i.e. the host residents perceive that the tourism development is creating employment opportunities, improving local peoples’ incomes, and stimulating the local economy. Residents in tourist destination also agreed that tourism has improved security in their local communities and has preserved and conserved the local culture and traditions of the area. Furthermore, the findings of the survey revealed that host communities do not perceive any socio-cultural negative impact of the tourism development in the area. Therefore, the investigation will assist tourism planners and local government in the planning and implementation of tourism development strategies for the area aiming at consolidating local residents’ support for tourism.
Key words: Socio-cultural impacts; Host community; Tourism.