bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatal Intra-Abdominal Hemorrhage in a Middle Aged Lady with Severe COVID-19
Authors: Hoque Mohammad Mahfuzul , Datta Ponkaj Kanti 
Published: January 2021

Contrast enhance CT scan of Abdomen showing a large encysted collection at the left of the abdomen extending from lumbar region to left iliac region pushing the surrounding viscera forward. Collection was due to retro-peritoneal hemorrhage in a Middle aged Lady with COVID-19 who was on therapeutic dose of anticoagulation with Low Molecular Weight Heparin.
J MEDICINE JAN 2021; 22 (1) : 84-85
Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Four Local Medicinal Plants
Authors: Goswami Barna , Akter Shamoly , Nandi Nemai Chandra , Banu Tanjina Akthar , Akter Shahina , Afrin Sadia , Habib Ahashan , Khan Salim 
Published: January 2021

Potential antioxidant and antibacterial activity of methanolic, chloroformic and n-hexane leaf extracts of four local important medicinal plants like Ocimum americanum, O. basilicum, O. gratissimum and Centella asiatica was investigated. The methanolic leaf extracts of these plant species exhibited the potent DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC50 value, 2.67 ± 0.01, 14.17 ± 0.11, 60.22 ± 0.01 and 2.39 ± 0.025 μg/ml, respectively). Methanolic leaf extract of C. asiatica showed strongest antioxidant activity. Chloroformic leaf extracts possessed moderate antioxidant activity (IC50 value of 79.44 ± 0.05, 110.56 ± 0.02, 54.95 ± 0.05, 101.0 ± 1.0 μg/ml, respectively) in all samples. The lowest antioxidant activity was recorded from n-hexane leaf extracts of O. americanum, O. gratissimum, C. asiatica and Ocimum basilicum (IC50 value 147.87 ± 0.06, 378.19 ± 2.65, 104.65 ± 0.39, 467.58 ± 0.52 μg/ml, respectively). Methanolic and chloro-formic leaf extracts showed antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, namely Bacillus megaterium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi. Methanolic leaf extract of O. americanum and chloroformic extract of C. asiatica showed excellent antimicrobial activity.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(2): 179-187, 2020 (December)
Life cycle of the dung beetle Onthophagus cervus (Fabricius, 1798) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) in moist belts of south India
Authors: Prameela K. , Thomas K. Sabu 
Published: January 2021

Biology, nesting behaviour, and the factors favouring the high abundance of prominent dung beetle species, Onthophagus cervus (Fabricius, 1798) in an open agricultural field in North Kerala were studied. Short life cycle with high fecundity, low egg mortality, shorter larval duration, shorter developmental period, short generation time, female-biased sex ratio, and longer survivability of females were recorded. Female-biased sex ratio in O. cervus indicates that mating competition takes place between male offsprings and the high cost of producing males led to their reduction. Broad categorization of Onthophagus species is provided based on the comparison of data of brood mass production, fecundity, duration of egg, larval, pupal, adult stages, adult mortality and life span of various Onthophagus species. Higher abundance of O. cervus in the region is attributed to traits that are characterize of r-selection such as high fecundity, small body size, low egg mortality, shorter larval duration, early onset of maturity, and shorter developmental period. Short generation time which enables attaining maturity earlier together with female biased sex ratio, longer duration of females favouring high egg production and shallow tunnels which enable easy and fast tunnelling process and development in thin soil top soil layer are the other factors that contributed to the higher abundance of O. cervus. Present study showed that geographic region wise knowledge on the life history traits of prominent dung beetles are necessary for interpretation of the exact mechanism behind their seasonality and abundance in specific regions and the generated data will be useful for the conservation of species in natural habitats.
Checklist of cockroaches (Blattodea) of Kerala, India
Authors: Prabakaran S. , Senraj M. , Jaiswal Deepa 
Published: January 2021

Cockroach fauna comprises of 23 valid species under 14 genera. Information on the distribution, synonymy, type locality, type depository are provided. Thirteen species of blattids are added to the fauna of Kerala based on literature survey and study of specimens available in Western Ghat Field Research Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Kozhikode, Kerala. There are four species endemic to Kerala.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING CHRONOLOGICAL PARAGRAPH STRATEGY TOWARD STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL
Authors: Anggraini Siti Wahyu Puji , Lume Lume 
Published: January 2021

This study aims to identify the effect of chronological order strategy on improving students' ability in writing paragraphs. The sample of this study was 40 students of SMPN 9 SATAP Pujut Central Lombok. This study employed a pre-experimental method by using intact-group comparison. To gather the data, the pre-test and post-test were distributed to the groups to collect the writing score and the percentage of students’ writing classification. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to testing the hypothesis. The finding data shows that there was enhancement of students’ classification in writing between pre-test and post-test. In pre-test the average of students’ classification between fair, poor and very poor. But in post-test the average of students’ classification improved into very good, good, fair and poor. The result of data analysis indicates a significant effect of using chronological order to improve students’ writing ability. It evidenced by the significant level was lower than 0.05 (0.00<0.05).
Análise e classificação da rugosidade palatina em um grupo de jovens adultas brasileiras
Authors: Manganotti Ana Beatriz Manetti , Faria Nicole Cordeiro , Franzak Fernanda Darlene , Amaral Marcelo Augusto 
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a rugosidade palatina de um grupo de jovens adultas brasileiras, classificar por meio da técnica rugoscópica esta amostra, bem como avaliar possíveis diferenças entre faixas de idade, cor da pele, uso de aparelho ortodôntico e realização de cirurgias bucais nas pesquisadas. Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional, classificatório e transversal, com abordagem quantitativa das rugas do palato. A amostra de conveniência foi obtida a partir de 30 universitárias do sexo feminino do curso de Odontologia de uma instituição privada. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio de fotografias intrabucais do palato de cada uma das participantes, sendo realizado um destaque das rugas palatinas com auxílio do Microsoft Paint®, com posterior classificação das imagens por uma única pesquisadora. Para a classificação das rugas palatinas das universitárias, levou-se em consideração o método proposto por Carrea (1937). Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente com a utilização dos testes Qui-Quadrado, Exato de Fischer e Razão de Verossimilhança (p=0,05). Resultados: Houve predominância de mulheres com faixa de idade de 19 a 22 anos (70,0%), leucoderma (83,3%), que fizeram uso de aparelho ortodôntico (83,3%) e negaram ter realizado qualquer tipo de cirurgia bucal (56,7%). O estudo identificou de sete a 18 rugas palatinas, com variados formatos. Conclusão: Houve maior incidência de rugas com direção em sentidos variados (tipo IV). A rugoscopia palatina não resultou em caracterizações com diferenças etárias, de ancestralidade e uso de aparelho ortodôntico. No entanto, verificou-se associação significativa entre o perfil rugoscópico das universitárias avaliadas e a realização de cirurgias bucais prévias.
Anthropogenic disturbances stimulate natural regeneration of Euxylophora paraensis Huber in a forest fragment in the eastern Amazon
Authors: Duarte Joyce Ananda Paixão , Silva José Natalino Macedo , Pires Jakeline Prata de Assis , Ferreira Gracialda Costa , Dionisio Luiz Fernandes Silva 
Published: January 2021

In the Brazilian Amazon, forest fragments increase annually leading many species to local extinction. Euxylophora paraensis Huber is an endemic species whose natural habitat is restricted to the north of Brazil. The natural regeneration was evaluated using 10 circular plots of land each with a radius of 20 meters. The density of regenerating individuals at the edge and the interior of the fragment and the behavior in relation to the parent tree. The Periodic Annual Increment of the diameter and the height were calculated individually for each plant that remained alive during all four measurements and GLM (General Linear Model) was applied to verify if there were differences between environments and the size of the individuals. The results show that the density of natural regeneration increases as the distance from the parent tree increases and has a significant negative correlation with canopy area, the smaller the canopy area the higher the density of individuals. Larger diametric growth was observed in saplings and small trees at the edge and larger increments of height in small trees were observed both at the edge and interior of the fragments. Therefore, natural regeneration is influenced by the process of forest fragmentation where the germination of seeds and establishment of saplings is favorable, however, there were no adult trees at the edge.
Crush Injury During Winter in the Backcountry: A Case Report
Authors: Keating Brad , Tobin Dennis 
Published: January 2021

Crush injuries are complicated and uncommon in prehospital medicine. They combine the complications of traumatic injuries, medical syndromes, and technical rescue. This conflagration of complex management issues can be very difficult for prehospital providers to control. Managing a crush injury in an austere environment adds a much higher degree of complication. In this article we present the case of an adult male who sustained a right leg injury when a boulder pinned his leg on a trail in Eldorado Springs Canyon, Colorado during a winter storm with subfreezing temperatures. Remote location and a harsh environment added to the complexity of this already difficult patient injury. A positive outcome was achieved by early recognition of the potential for crush syndrome by the treating medics, a coordinated lift operation with rescue crews, and a prompt field evacuation via litter.Cu
Exercise Training Stabilizes RyR2-Dependent Ca2+ Release in Post-infarction Heart Failure
Authors: Danielsen Tore Kristian , Sadredini Mani , Manotheepan Ravinea , Aronsen Jan Magnus , Frisk Michael , Hansen Marie Haugsten , Andressen Kjetil Wessel , Hougen Karina , Levy Finn Olav , Louch William E. , Sejersted Ole Mathias , Sjaastad Ivar , Stokke Mathis Korseberg 
Published: January 2021

Aim: Dysfunction of the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) is an almost ubiquitous finding in animal models of heart failure (HF) and results in abnormal Ca2+ release in cardiomyocytes that contributes to contractile impairment and arrhythmias. We tested whether exercise training (ET), as recommended by current guidelines, had the potential to stabilize RyR2-dependent Ca2+ release in rats with post-myocardial infarction HF.Materials and Methods: We subjected male Wistar rats to left coronary artery ligation or sham operations. After 1 week, animals were characterized by echocardiography and randomized to high-intensity interval ET on treadmills or to sedentary behavior (SED). Running speed was adjusted based on a weekly VO2max test. We repeated echocardiography after 5 weeks of ET and harvested left ventricular cardiomyocytes for analysis of RyR2-dependent systolic and spontaneous Ca2+ release. Phosphoproteins were analyzed by Western blotting, and beta-adrenoceptor density was quantified by radioligand binding.Results: ET increased VO2max in HF-ET rats to 127% of HF-SED (P &lt; 0.05). This coincided with attenuated spontaneous SR Ca2+ release in left ventricular cardiomyocytes from HF-ET but also reduced Ca2+ transient amplitude and slowed Ca2+ reuptake during adrenoceptor activation. However, ventricular diameter and fractional shortening were unaffected by ET. Analysis of Ca2+ homeostasis and major proteins involved in the regulation of SR Ca2+ release and reuptake could not explain the attenuated spontaneous SR Ca2+ release or reduced Ca2+ transient amplitude. Importantly, measurements of beta-adrenoceptors showed a normalization of beta1-adrenoceptor density and beta1:beta2-adrenoceptor ratio in HF-ET.Conclusion: ET increased aerobic capacity in post-myocardial infarction HF rats and stabilized RyR2-dependent Ca2+ release. Our data show that these effects of ET can be gained without major alterations in SR Ca2+ regulatory proteins and indicate that future studies should include upstream parts of the sympathetic signaling pathway.
Micro-Textural Controls on Magma Rheology and Vulcanian Explosion Cyclicity
Authors: Bain Amelia A. , Kendrick Jackie E. , Lamur Anthony , Lavallée Yan , Calder Eliza S. , Cortés Joaquín A. , Cortés Gloria Patricia , Gómez Martinez Diego , Torres Roberto A. 
Published: January 2021

Understanding the relationship between degassing, crystallization processes and eruption style is a central goal in volcanology, in particular how these processes modulate the magnitude and timing of cyclical Vulcanian explosions in intermediate magmas. To investigate the influence of variations in crystal micro-textures on magma rheology and eruption dynamics, we conducted high-temperature (940°C) uniaxial compression experiments at conditions simulating a shallow volcanic conduit setting on eight samples of high-crystallinity andesite with variable plagioclase microlite populations from the 2004 to 2010 Vulcanian explosions of Galeras volcano, Colombia. Experiments were conducted at different strain rates to measure the rate-dependence of apparent viscosities and assess the dominant deformation processes associated with shear. Variations in plagioclase micro-textures are associated with apparent viscosities spanning over one order of magnitude for a given strain rate. Samples with low numbers of large prismatic microlites behaved consistently with published rheological laws for crystalline dome samples, and displayed extensive micro-cracking. Samples with high numbers of small tabular microlites showed a lower apparent viscosity and were less shear-thinning. The data suggest a spectrum of rheological behavior controlled by concurrent variations in microlite number, size and shape. We use previously published micro-textural data for time-constrained samples to model the apparent viscosity of magma erupted during the 2004–2010 sequence of Vulcanian explosions and compare these results with observed SO2 fluxes. We propose that variations in magma decompression rate, which are known to produce systematic textural differences in the plagioclase microlite cargo, govern differences in magma rheology in the shallow conduit. These rheological differences are likely to affect the rate at which magma densifies as a result of outgassing, leading to magmatic plugs with a range of porosities and permeabilities. The existence of magmatic plugs with variable physical properties has important implications for the development of critical overpressure driving Vulcanian explosions, and thus for hazard assessment during volcanic crises. We suggest a new conceptual model to explain eruption style at andesitic volcanoes based on micro-textural and rheological differences between “plug-forming” and “dome-forming” magma. We advance that existing rheological laws describing the behavior of andesitic magma based on experiments on dome rocks are inappropriate for modeling large Vulcanian explosions (∼106 m3), as the magma involved in these eruptions lacks the characteristics required to form exogenous lava domes.
Breast Cancer Mortality in Young Women in Brazil
Authors: Silva Juliana Dalcin Donini E. , de Oliveira Rosana Rosseto , da Silva Mariana Teixeira , Carvalho Maria Dalva de Barros , Pedroso Raissa Bocchi , Pelloso Sandra Marisa 
Published: January 2021

ObjectiveMalignant breast cancer is the leading cause of death by cancer in young women. The study aimed to determine if breast cancer mortality among young women has increased between the period from 1996 to 2017 in Brazil.MethodsA time-series analysis of breast cancer mortality rate in young women (20–39 years old) was carried out. Mortality data, from 1996 to 2017, were collected from the Mortality Information System of the Health Ministry, and demographic data, from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Trends in mortality were performed by Joinpoint Regression, the spatial distribution of the mortality rate was done with the QGIZ Software version 2.18, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to correlate the mortality rates with the Human Development Index.ResultsThere was an increase in breast cancer mortality rates in young women in the majority of Brazilian states, with an upward trend in all regions. The correlation with the Municipal Human Development Index, income, and education had a significant impact on the mortality rate for women from 30–39 years old in both time frames evaluated and for women from 20–29 years old, only from 1996 to 2000.ConclusionThe data obtained in the study, showed that even though the breast cancer mortality rate of young women is lower than women over 40 years old, it has been increasing in all regions of Brazil, mostly for women from 30–39 years old, suggesting that this group should be included in screening programs.
Cesarean Section Due to Social Factors Affects Children's Psychology and Behavior: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shi Xiu-Yu , Wang Jing , Zhang Wei-Na , Zhao Meng , Ju Jun , Li Xiao-Yan , Lu Qian , Wang Bin , Zou Li-Ping 
Published: January 2021

Background: Cesarean section (CS) use has reached a frequency well-above what is expected on the basis of obstetric indications. The large increase in CS use, often for non-medical indications, is of concern given the risks for both women and children. Research about the influence of CS on children's behavior is not new, but most studies didn't differentiate CS due to social factors (such as fear of labor pain, auspicious dates, etc.) from CS with medical indications. Medical indications for CS include fetal distress and intrauterine hypoxia, which may also affect the mental and physical health of the children, thus be a confounding factor. In China, a significant proportion of women undergo CS because of social factors, which provides us a good model to study whether non-fetal triggered delivery will affect children's behavior. Thus, we assessed the impact of CS due to social factors on child psychology and behavior.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study. Children were divided into three groups according to delivery mode: vaginal delivery (VD), CS with medical indications, and CS due to social factors (also called as elective cesarean section, ECS). Parents or guardians were required to complete four rating scales of Chinese version [Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS), Child Behavior Checklist-Parent Form (CBCL-PF), Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham rating scale-Parent Form (SNAP-IV-PF), and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Parent Form (BRIEF-PF)] on psychological and behavioral problems regarding their children.Results: Among the 38,780 children aged 7–15 years, 29,103 (75.05%) were delivered by VD and 9,677 (24.95%) were delivered by CS (7,844 with medical indications; 1,833 by ECS). Ten covariates were found to significantly affect ECS. Four rating scales were used in this study: CPRS, CBCL-PF, SNAP-IV-PF, and BRIEF-PF. ECS affected child psychology and behavior in several aspects including inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, social problems, and executive dysfunction. Regarding to inattention, the ECS group had a higher SNAP-IV-PF inattention score (P = 0.03), compared with the VD group. Logistic multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that in the ECS group, the ORs were 1.20 in the partially adjusted analyses of SNAP-IV-PF and CPRS. Regarding to social problems, ECS group had a higher CBCL-PF score for the social problems category compared with the VD group (P = 0.0001). Kruskal–Wallis rank sum tests showed that the ECS group had higher BRIEF-PF scores regarding Working Memory (P = 0.04), and Organize (P = 0.01) compared with the VD group.Conclusions: CS affected the offspring's psychology and behavior. After removing possible influence of medical indications, the effect of CS due to social factors on the offspring's psychology and behavior still exists.
Exploration of the Optimal Desmopressin Treatment in Children With Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis: Evidence From a Chinese Cohort
Authors: Liu Jiaojiao , Ni Jiajia , Miao Qianfan , Wang Chunyan , Lin Fang , Cao Qi , Guo Wei , Yang Xue , Ji Xiaolu , Zhai Yihui , Bi Yunli , Shen Qian , Xu Hong 
Published: January 2021

Objectives:Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a common pediatric condition, and desmopressin (dDAVP) is a first-line therapy for NE. The standard initial dosage of dDAVP is 0. 2 mg/day, and most guidelines recommend that the dose should be increased at 0.2 mg increments until dryness is achieved or to the maximal recommended dose. However, previous evidence has shown that this strategy seems insufficient to further improve efficacy and results in unnecessarily high doses for some patients. Our study aimed to assess the efficacy of our modified dDAVP treatment regimen in children with MNE in China and evaluate predictive factors associated with the dDAVP response.Methods:All MNE patients at the Department of Nephrology at Children's Hospital of Fudan University from January to December 2019 were prospectively and consecutively enrolled. dDAVP treatment comprised a dose titration period and a 3-month maintenance period. The efficacy of dDAVP was assessed according to the latest International Children's Continence Society criteria at the end of the study. Predictive factors were evaluated by logistic regression analysis.Results:Overall, 322 MNE patients were enrolled in our study, and 225 (69.9%) completed the study. The intention to treat analysis showed that the overall dDAVP response rate was 69.9%: among these patients 32.3% were complete responders, and 37.6% were partial responders. At the end of the study, 194/225 (86.2%) patients received a final dose of 0.2 mg, 24/225 (10.7%) patients received a final dose of 0.3 mg, and 7/225 (3.1%) patients received a final dose of 0.4 mg. Multivariate analysis showed that patients requiring lower doses to achieve responses were significantly more likely to experience complete response during the maintenance period [odds ratio (OR)=9.683; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.770–33.846].Conclusions:Our results indicate that the dDAVP treatment regimen provides a comparable efficacy to the international conventional treatment regimen with a lower overall dose. Low-dose responders were likely to achieve a complete response without increasing the dose; in these cases, the maximum dose might not be necessary.