bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adult Children’s Education and Older Mothers’ Health: Are Offspring’s Problems Mediators or Moderators?
Authors: Frase Robert , Bauldry Shawn , Suitor J Jill , Gilligan Megan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Despite the growing body of literature documenting positive effects of adult children’s education on older mothers’ health outcomes there is limited research exploring the mechanisms that underlie and influence this relationship. This lack of knowledge limits our understanding of how or under what conditions older mothers benefit from their offspring’s resources. In this paper, we draw from theories of the life course, cumulative inequality, and the social foreground to explore how adult children’s problems (physical and emotional, personal and financial, and deviant behaviors) mediate and moderate the effect of adult children’s education on older mothers’ self-rated health and depressive symptoms. To address this question we use data collected from 420 mothers aged 75-85 reporting on their 1,514 adult children, as part of the Within Family Differences Study. Theoretically, this project adds to existing scholarship on intergenerational support in later-life families by identifying the conditions under which adult children’s resources improve parents’ well-being. Preliminary findings reveal that less educated adult children experience more problems, which in turn, negatively impact mothers’ health. Additionally, when adult children experience problems in their own lives, mothers receive less care and financial support from their offspring, even from those who are well-educated and would otherwise have been expected to have shared resources. The findings will have implications for practice by increasing health care providers’ awareness that older parents may be at risk for unmet needs for care even when adult children have resources that would have been expected to serve as a safety net.
Early Trauma and Later Health: Examining the Mediation of Social Relationships in Adulthood in HRS
Authors: Liu Yin , Chopik William , Leggett Amanda , Kong Jooyoung , Polenick Courtney 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Early trauma is associated with compromised health and well-being in later life, but whether social functioning mediates the association is unclear. Participants in the Health and Retirement Study (n = 15,946) had baseline surveys in years 2006 and 2008 (T1), and were followed up twice (T2-3) every 4 years. Health outcomes included depressive symptoms, chronic health conditions, and subjective memory complaints. Social relationships were measured by contacts, relationship strains, and feelings of loneliness. Early trauma was measured by parental physical abuse and alcohol and drug problems in the family before the age of 16. Social contacts decreased over time, while relationship strains and loneliness increased especially for older adults with early trauma, which in turn mediated the associations between early trauma and poorer health in later life. The findings suggested that maintaining positive social relationships are beneficial for better health in late life, especially for individuals with early trauma exposures.
Daily Social Interactions as a Route to Purposeful Days in Older Adulthood
Authors: Pfund Gabrielle , Allemand Mathias , Hofer Matthias 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sense of purpose predicts slower cognitive decline, reduced risk for health issues, and greater longevity (Pfund & Lewis, 2020). However, work is limited regarding how we can help older adults maintain purposefulness in daily life. The current study explored positive daily social interactions as a route to daily purposefulness in older adults, using a measurement burst design. Older adults completed surveys for five-day bursts spread six months apart (Mean age = 70.75, SD = 7.23; n = 104). Multilevel models demonstrated that on days when individuals reported more positive social interactions, they reported feeling more purposeful (b = 0.39, 95% CI [0.28, 0.51]) when accounting for health, employment, and relationship status. Employment status moderated this association, as daily social interactions were more strongly associated with daily purpose for unemployed/retired individuals (b = -0.23, 95% CI [-0.38, -0.08]). Positive social interactions thus may help older adults maintain purposefulness, particularly after retirement.
The Wisconsin Longitudinal Study: Overview, Data Linkages, and Future Plans
Authors: Engelman Michal 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The WLS is a study of Wisconsin high school class of 1957 graduates, with follow-ups in 1964, 1975, 1993, 2004, 2011, and 2020. The data reflect the life course of the graduates (and their siblings), initially covering education, switching to family, career, and social participation in midlife, and physical and mental health, cognitive status, caregiving, and social support as respondents age. The WLS is linked to multiple administrative data sources including: parent earnings from state tax records (1957-60) and Social Security earnings and benefits for respondents; 1940 Census data; characteristics of high schools and colleges, employers, industries, and communities of residence; voting records from 2000-2018; Medicare claims; and the National Death Index. Efforts are underway to expand the racial/ethnic and educational composition of the WLS by supplementing the original sample with a new cohort of age-matched adults drawn from Wisconsin’s Black, Hispanic, Asian-American, and Native American communities.
How to Access and Use Data From the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study
Authors: Roan Carol 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With over 27,000 analysis variables covering more than 60 years of participants’ lives, the WLS data can be overwhelming to new users who are looking for the measures they need to answer their research questions. Core WLS survey data is free and easy to download from our website. As we add new types of measures and new waves of data, we refine our data sharing methods to balance our need to make the data easily available with the need to protect the confidentiality of participants. This presentation will teach users how to access to the data files they need for their research and how to use our online documentation of survey instruments and data files. Symposium attendees will also receive a USB drive with the publicly available data and complete documentation.
A Toolkit for Advancing Age Inclusivity in Higher Education
Authors: Montepare Joann , Farah Kimberly 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The pioneering Age-Friendly University (AFU) initiative, endorsed by GSA’s Academy for Gerontology in Higher Education (AGHE), calls for institutions of higher education to respond to shifting demographics and the needs of our aging populations through more age-friendly programs, practices, and partnerships. Over 70 institutions have joined the AFU global network and adopted the 10 AFU guiding principles. In support of the initiative, a GSA-AGHE-AFU workgroup was organized to develop strategies to help GSA members and their campuses explore how they can be more age-inclusive and create pathways to joining the AFU network. One outcome of the workgroup’s efforts was the creation “Tools for Advancing Age Inclusivity in Higher Education”, designed with support from AARP. In this symposium, workgroup members describe this suite of tools which can be used by faculty, students, administrators, and other campus leaders. Montepare will introduce the symposium with an overview of the AFU network and the workgroup’s goals. Morrow-Howell and Schumacher will discuss tools for “Making the Case” with examples from efforts on their campuses. Porter and Bergman will describe tools for “Getting Started” and how campuses can begin to mobilize age-friendly efforts. Andreoletti and June will share tools for “Gaining Momentum” with tips for creating age-friendly campus connections and collaborations. Silverstein and Gugliucci will describe tools for “Assessing and Tracking Success” that can be used at any stage of the process for exploring a campus’s age-friendliness. Information about joining the AFU network will be provided.
Gaining Momentum Around Advancing Age Inclusivity
Authors: Andreoletti Carrie , June Andrea 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Have you already experienced some success with age friendly initiatives at your institution but are wondering how you might broaden your reach? Fostering connections across disciplines and units on your campus as well as with organizations in your community is the key to gaining momentum and advancing age inclusivity. This presentation will discuss strategies for connecting and engaging faculty, staff, students, and community members in age friendly programs and practices. We will share examples and tips for supporting others to be more age inclusive in their teaching, research, and community engagement. We will share ideas from the AFU toolkit for creating learning groups, collaborative community events, and intergenerational exchange as well as our own experience which has demonstrated that many smaller efforts over time can go a long way toward building momentum and creating a more age inclusive campus.
Facility Characteristics Associated With Intensity of Care of Nursing Home Residents With Advanced Dementia
Authors: Hendricksen Meghan , Mitchell Susan , Lopez Ruth , Mazor Kathleen , McCarthy Ellen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Profound variations in care intensity of nursing home (NH) residents with advanced dementia exist for NHs within and across hospital referral regions (HRRs). Little is known about how these levels of influence relate. Nationwide 2016-2017 Minimum DataSet was used to categorize NHs and HRRs into 4 levels of care intensity based on hospital transfer and tube-feeding rates among residents with advanced dementia: low intensity NH in low intensity HRR; high intensity NH in low intensity HRR; low intensity NH in high intensity HRR; and high intensity NH in high intensity HRR. We used multinomial logistic regression to identify NH characteristics associated with belonging to each of 4-levels of intensity as compared to low intensity NH in low intensity HRRs (reference). We found high intensity NHs in high intensity HRRs were more likely to be in an urbanized area, not have an dementia unit, have an NP/PA on staff, have a higher proportion of residents who were male, age &lt;65, of Black race, and had pressure ulcers, and relatively fewer days on hospice. Whereas in low intensity HRRs, higher proportion of Black residents was the only characteristic associated with being a high intensity NH. These findings suggest potentially modifiable factors within high intensity HRRs that could be targeted to reduce burdensome care, including having a dementia unit, palliative care training for NP/PAs, or increased use of hospice care. This study underscores the critical need to better understand the role race plays in the intensity of care of NH residents with dementia.
Developing Educational Materials to Support Older Adults With Hypertension Management
Authors: Rogers Wendy , Nie Qiong , Harris Maurita , Al-Saleh Stacy , Floresca Ysabel Beatrice 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A comprehensive approach to hypertension management requires medication adherence as well as more general health behavior changes. Our primary objective is to provide evidence-based and tailored education about hypertension, medications, and health self-management strategies with consideration for different stages of behavior change, health literacy, education, disease knowledge, and experience. To facilitate health behavior change, enable information seeking, and increase engagement, the educational materials provide different layers of information, including tips and information in the MEDSReM app, as well as more detailed educational content on the web portal. We will present examples of the materials in different formats to show how they are tailored to ease comprehension, support adherence, and influence behavior change. These educational materials will have broad utility outside of the MEDSReM system, and will also serve as the education-only comparison condition for the randomized controlled trial.
Usability Evaluation Methods Used to Ensure the Usability of the MEDSReM-2 System
Authors: Hale Timothy , Smith Carson , Trinh Mimi , Rogers Wendy 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A key objective of the MEDSReM-2 study is to promote medication taking decisions and improve adherence to hypertensive medications for older adults. New functionalities include enhanced decision-support algorithms for missed medications, automated entry of blood pressure measurements, improved data visualizations, and an easy-to-use online web portal. In support of these enhancements, the User Testing subteam is tasked with providing ongoing evaluation and feedback on the usability of early design concepts, prototypes, beta software, wireless blood pressure monitors, and instructional materials. The overall project comprises multiple working teams, whose efforts must be coordinated. We will describe the challenges of working with these interdisciplinary teams and the usability evaluation methods used to support the needs of each team in creating the enhanced MEDSReM-2 system that is easy-to-use and effective in helping older adults improve their hypertension medication adherence. These processes inform the research and design efforts of other technology interventions.
Tailored Music Listening to Improve Sleep in Older Adults With Dementia: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Petrovsky Darina , Gooneratne Nalaka , Bradt Joke , McPhillips Miranda Varrasse , Etokebe Ime , Gitlin Laura , Hodgson Nancy 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sleep disturbances in persons living with dementia (PLWD) contribute to reduced well-being. Music has shown promise to improve sleep among older adults, but there is limited evidence of music interventions improving sleep specifically in PLWD. The purpose of this wait-list RCT was to examine the i) feasibility; ii) acceptability and iii) preliminary efficacy of tailored music listening intervention in community-dwelling PLWD and their caregivers (dyads). Thirty consented dyads out of 33 (91%) completed the RCT. Tailored music for sleep was feasible based on screening (26%), enrollment (89%), and recruitment (3 dyads/month) rates. The intervention was found acceptable, as evidenced by post-intervention interviews. Compared to controls, PLWD in the intervention group reported greater global sleep quality improvement post-intervention (PSQI mean change -0.08 vs -1.65; p=0.06). The results from this feasibility RCT have informed the development of a music mobile application that will be tested in a future clinical trial.
Strengthening Anti-Racist Gerontology Research: Does One Size Fit All?
Authors: Holley Lyn 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper is based on a scoping review and conceptual analysis of research literature about incorporating anti-racism into social science research practices. In his examination of how anti-racist research can effectively borrow key concepts such as “validation and “reliability” from traditional social science research, Dei concludes that these concepts must be reconsidered to addresses the main issues of anti-racism. (2005). A further critique of these concepts is that they do not account for differences among racism as it is applied to different minoritized groups. Public Health Nurses and other practitioners have long recognized the importance of understanding and taking these differences into account in their “culturally competent” practice. (Lipscomb, Culture Care) Although there is some literature about de-centering whiteness in research (e.g., https://libguides.umn.edu/antiracismlens ), little is available to guide research that acknowledges and addresses overlapping yet differing contours of racism as experienced by different “races”, e.g., Black-Americans, Native American Indians”.
Biological Pathways Underlying the Longitudinal Association Between Loneliness and Cognitive Decline
Authors: Yu Kexin , Ng Ted 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Loneliness has been recognized as a risk factor for cognitive decline (CD) in older adults. However, how loneliness “gets under the skin” to influence CD has been conceptually proposed but rarely empirically examined. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether cardiovascular and kidney biomarkers mediate the longitudinal association between loneliness and CD. We used the cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) to examine the hypothesized relationships with 2006, 2010 and 2014 waves of data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Loneliness is measured with 3-item UCLA loneliness scale. Cognitive health was assessed using the total cognition score. Biomarkers considered including HbA1C, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, CRP, and Cystatin C. Among all five biomarkers examined, HbA1c significantly mediated the longitudinal association between loneliness and CD. The other biomarkers examined did not mediate the relationship between loneliness and CD. The study findings show loneliness might affect CD through elevating HbA1C levels.
A Public Health Analysis of the Relationship Between Loneliness, Isolation, and Dementia
Authors: Victor Christina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Loneliness and isolation are now characterised as major public health problems largely because of reported associations with negative health outcomes including dementia. We adopt a public health perspective and review the relationship between loneliness/isolation and dementia focussing on how these concepts are defined, measured, and reported. We identified community based longitudinal studies which measured loneliness/isolation at baseline and dementia at follow up (minimum 12 months) published up to February 2021. We identified 12 papers for loneliness and 15 for isolation which demonstrated substantial heterogeneity in how exposure (loneliness/ isolation) and outcome (dementia) were measured and reported. For example, dementia was measured in 5 different ways: death, hospitalisation, clinical diagnosis, dementia screening tools or cognitive function. Evidence to support a relationship between loneliness/isolation and dementia is inconclusive largely because of this methodological heterogeneity. Using consistent exposure and outcome measures is a prerequisite for determining the health consequences of loneliness and isolation.
How Biomarker-Based Diagnosis and Treatment Affect Alzheimer’s Stigma: Results of a Randomized Trial
Authors: Stites Shana , Gill Jeanine , Largent Emily , Harkins Kristin , Krieger Abba , Karlawish Jason 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) causes progressive disability and, ultimately, death. Currently no therapy can delay or slow cognitive and functional decline. This prognosis contributes to the general public’s negative reactions—discrimination, pity, and social distance—toward individuals with AD and their families. But what if, using AD biomarker tests, diagnosis was made earlier and treatment was available? Stigma of AD might change. This project aimed to discover how diagnosis and treatment of AD before the onset of cognitive impairment would change public stigma, and how these effects might differ in ethnoracial populations. Comparisons of 12 experimental conditions (i.e., 2 (biomarker test result) x 2 (treatment availability) x 3 (cognitive impairment: none, mild, moderate)) are conducted in two independent samples of self-identified White (N=800) and Black (N=800) Americans. Findings anticipate the translation of the preclinical AD construct into care and will inform public policies and interventions to mitigate public stigma of AD.
The Benefit of Autonomy and Control: A Positive Characteristic of the Home Health Aide Position
Authors: Gleason Hayley , Miller Edward 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Home Health Aides’ (HHAs) are one of the fastest growing workforces in the country, yet the industry struggles to recruit new aides into the field and retain current workers. This study explored HHAs’ experiences with the level of autonomy and control granted to them within their day-to-day work. Findings from six focus groups with 37 HHAs showed that many aides select home care because of the control and independence the positions offer. Interacting one-on-one with clients and being able to self-structure their daily tasks were major benefits that drew HHAs to the field. Additionally, the HHAs highlighted the control they have over their schedule and the flexibility the position offers to enable them to accommodate other responsibilities, like childcare or other jobs. Being able to decline a client because of travel distance, the hours required, or not feeling that it is a “good fit” was also a welcomed aspect of the position. Despite complaints about the job, such as low pay, lack of benefits, and limited support, many of the HHAs admitted staying on in their positions because of the flexibility, autonomy, and control provided. Findings highlight the value that HHAs place on autonomy and control and the potential benefit that these job qualities have for promoting greater recruitment and retention of the home care workforce. Amplifying opportunities for these aspects of the job may thus entice new individuals to pursue a career as an HHA, as well as help to maintain those individuals currently in the position.
Mental Health Among Informal Caregivers of Older Adults in Asia
Authors: Gao Xiang , Wang Kaipeng , Sun Fei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this symposium is to highlight the mental health needs and factors associated with mental health among informal caregivers of older adults in Asia. The symposium consists of five papers. The first paper explores the perceived role, needs, and rewards of informal caregiving among caregivers of residents in independent long-term care facilities in South India. The second paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between long-term care service use and informal caregiver burden, depression, and health status. The third paper examines the association between caregivers’ characteristics and quality of life among informal caregivers of older adults with cognitive impairment in China. The fourth paper examines the association between coping strategies and caregiver burden and depression among Chinese caregivers of older adults with cognitive impairment. The last paper examines the association between cohort, meaning making, and depression among adult caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong. Taken together, these five papers underscore of the mental health needs and protective and risk factors of mental well-being among caregivers in Asia. Findings of those papers inform the development and adaptation of culturally sensitive interventions to improve mental health outcomes among informal caregivers in Asia. The disccuant will comment on the strengths and limitations of these papers in terms of their contributions to the theory, research, and practice on mental health among informal caregivers in Asia.