bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 over distances greater than two metres: a rapid systematic review
Authors: Palmer Jennifer C , Duval Daphne , Tudge Isobel , Sarfo-Annin Jason Kwasi , Pearce-Smith Nicola , O’Connell Emer , Bennett Allan , Clark Rachel 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the potential for long-distance (over two metres) airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor community settings and investigate factors which may impact this transmission.DesignSystematic review and narrative synthesis.Data sourceMEDLINE, Embase, medRxiv, Arxiv and WHO COVID-19 Research Database for studies published from 27 July 2020 to 21 April 2021; existing relevant rapid systematic reviews for studies published between 1 January to 27 July 2020.Eligibility criteria for study selectionObservational studies that included a thorough epidemiological assessment of routes of transmission and which reported on the likelihood of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at a distance greater than two metres in indoor community settings.Data extraction and synthesisData extraction was completed by one reviewer and independently checked by a second reviewer. Primary outcomes were COVID-19 infections via airborne transmission over distances greater than two metres and any factors that may have modified transmission risk. Included studies were rated using a quality criteria checklist (QCC) for primary research and certainty of key outcomes was determined using GRADE. Narrative synthesis was themed by setting.ResultsOf the 3,780 articles screened for inclusion, 15 publications reporting on 13 epidemiological investigations were included (three high, six medium and four low quality). Airborne transmission at distances greater than two metres was likely to have occurred for some or all transmission events in 12 studies and was unclear in one study (GRADE: very low certainty). In all studies, one or more factors plausibly increased the likelihood of long-distance airborne transmission occurring, particularly insufficient air replacement (GRADE: very low certainty), recirculating air flow (GRADE: very low certainty) and singing (GRADE: very low certainty). In nine studies, the primary cases were reported as being asymptomatic, presymptomatic or around symptom onset at the time of transmission.ConclusionThis rapid systematic review found evidence of long-distance airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor community settings and identified factors that likely contributed to this transmission in all included studies. These results strengthen the need for adequate mitigation measures in indoor community settings, particularly adequate ventilation with fresh air, and caution required with the use of recirculating air flow systems.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42021236762
Repurposed nystatin to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and mutants in the GI tract
Authors: Virág Eszter , Seffer Dénes , Pénzes-Hűvös Ágota , Varajti Krisztina , Hegedűs Géza , Jankovics István , Pallos József Péter 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe SARS-CoV-2 infections are considered as respiratory system diseases, mostly. In COVID-19, it might also be the infection of gastrointestinal (GI) tract too, especially at patients in severe clinical condition. SARS-CoV-2 can destroy the intestinal barrier, capable to spread into internal organs via blood and/or lymphatic circulation, and to cause serious damage there. Infected GI tract of COVID-19 patients is ideal environment for the coronavirus infection, replication and as virus reservoir might be the major source of pandemic reinfections, too. The process of virus budding is dependent on the host cell lipid rafts containing membrane-sterols, mainly cholesterol. The viral envelope may be challenged by polyene antibiotics, such as nystatin, which has strong affinity to sterols. Nystatin may block the establishment of the virus-host cell connection, too. In this study, the nystatin was investigated, as antiviral agent to SARS-CoV-2. We demonstrated by tests in Vero E6 cell based cytopathic assay, nystatin blocked the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in concentration 62.5 μg/ml (IC50) at Wuhan and British mutant strains. No efficient SARS-CoV-2 antiviral agent is known so far to alleviate pandemic, to disinfect GI tract, where vaccines might have limited effect, only. Nystatin might be the first one with emergency use authorization, either, as a safe and efficient non-systemic antiviral drug, with well-established use, since decades.
Preparation of ingestible antibodies to neutralize the binding of SarsCoV2 RBD (receptor binding domain) to human ACE2 Receptor
Authors: Kadiyala Gopi , Iyer Subramanian , Meher Kranti , Vangala Subhramanyam , Chandran Satish , Saxena Uday 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCOVID19 continues to be a serious threat to human health and mortality. There is dire need for new solutions to combat this pandemic especially for those individuals who are not vaccinated or unable to be vaccinated and continue to be exposed to the SARSCoV2. In addition, the emergence of new more transmissible variants such as delta pose additional threat from this virus.To explore another solution for prevention and treatment of COVID 19, we have produced chicken egg derived IgY antibodies against the Receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARSCoV2 spike protein which is involved in binding to human cell ACE2 receptors. The – RBD IgY effectively neutralize the binding of RBD to ACE2 and prevent pseudovirus entry in a PRNT assay. Importantly our anti-RBD IgY also neutralize the binding of Sars CoV2 delta variant RBD to ACE2. Given that chicken egg derived IgY are safe and permissible for human consumption, we plan to develop these ingestible antibodies for prevention of viral entry in the oropharyngeal and digestive tract in humans as passive immunotherapy.
A dual involvement of Protocadherin-18a in stromal cell development guides the formation of a functional hematopoietic niche
Authors: Touret Anne-Lou , Vivier Catherine , Schmidt Anne , Herbomel Philippe , Murayama Emi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) emerge from the aorta and migrate to the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT) of zebrafish larvae, the hematopoietic equivalent of the mammalian fetal liver, for their proliferation and differentiation. We previously reported that somite-derived stromal cells were a key component of the CHT niche. Here we found that the cell adhesion protein protocadherin-18a (Pcdh18a) is expressed in the stromal cell progenitors (SCPs) emigrating from somites toward the future CHT. Deletion of most of the intracellular domain of Pcdh18a caused a decrease in the number of SCPs, the directionality of their migration, and the cell-contact mediated repulsion that normally occurs between migrating SCPs. These defects were followed by abnormal morphogenesis of the venous plexus that forms the CHT framework, and the inability of the resulting CHT to function as a niche for HSPCs. Finally, we found that the extracellular domain of Pcdh18a mediates trans heterophilic adhesion of stromal cells to endothelial cells in vivo and thereby the reticular vs. perivascular fate of SCPs. Our study demonstrates that Pcdh18a expression in SCPs is essential for the proper development of the hematopoietic niche.
Evaluation of design criteria for mini unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) applications
Authors: P.S. Ramesh , J.V. Muruga Lal Jeyan 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to evaluate the factors that dictate the design of a mini unmanned aircraft system (UAS).

Design/methodology/approach
This paper analyses various dimensions that dictate the design criteria for a mini UAS.

Findings
Compared to civil applications, design of mini UAS for military application is much more challenging owing to combat restrictions. Topics related to civil applications dominate research in the field of mini UAS, with over 60% of the papers accounting for civil applications. Limited published articles related to military applications are available. While 86% of the in-production mini UAS is primarily meant for military applications, only 9% of the research is devoted to military applications of mini UAS. Most mini UAS, although designed primarily for military applications, are also extensively used for various civil applications. Critical aspects that influence the employment of mini UAS in the tactical battlespace are area of interest, type of operation, type of operational tasks, terrain and network-centric operations. All these factors collectively impact the design of a mini UAS.

Practical implications
According to various studies, mini UAS is the fastest growing segment amongst all classes of UAS. This paper will provide vital inputs to the designers and manufacturers of mini UAS for both military and civil applications.

Social implications
Mini UAS are in the list of “must-have” for modern militaries across the world and is also growing exponentially in the civil domain. Therefore, it is important to understand the critical factors that dictate the design of mini UAS.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, such an analysis is not available in the open domain.
Buyer–supplier collaborative cost sharing and the performance of fresh agricultural produce cold chains: a retailer fairness concern perspective
Authors: Zi Wucheng , Li Guodong , Li Xiaolin , Zhou JiaYu 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis study explores how collaborative cost sharing between the buyer and the supplier in cold chain equipment and marketing and advertising affects the performance of a fresh agricultural produce supply chain (FAP-SC).Design/methodology/approachWe use a contingency approach to modeling different scenarios and analyzing how fairness perception, interplaying with corporative–retailer cost sharing., influences the performance of fresh agricultural produce cold chains.FindingsThe findings of the research highlight the crucial role of the retailer's fairness concern. When the retailer's fairness concern is absent, cost sharing (in cold chain equipment and marketing and advertising) is found to help boost demand and enhance the profits of members of the supply chain; bilateral cost sharing is found to have a more significant impact than unilateral cost sharing. When the retailer's fairness concern is taken into account, however, cost sharing is found to reduce demand at a lower level of fairness coefficient but increases demand at a higher level of fairness coefficient; bilateral cost sharing boosts both demand and profit of the supply chain when the retailer is in a “high concern, high anger” state.Originality/valueThe findings of the research highlight the important role of the buyer's farness perception when supply chain partners adopt collaborative cost sharing programs. This study contributes significantly to research and practice in supply chain collaboration and agricultural cold chain performance.
Meat-free diets and their relationship with the meaning of food and eco-friendly purchase and consumption behaviours
Authors: Chinea Montesdeoca Cristina , Suárez Ernesto , Hernández Bernardo , Rolo-González Gladys 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe paper aims to determine whether people with different eating patterns, specifically meat-free diets, engage in other types of eco-friendly behaviours and whether the meanings attributed to food allow for a better understanding of this relationship.Design/methodology/approachData were collected between 2019 and 2020, on the island of Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. Different instruments were used: The meaning of food in life questionnaire (MFLQ; Arbit et al., 2017); the dietarian identity questionnaire (DIQ; Rosenfeld and Burrow, 2018) and the frugal behaviour scale (Muiños et al., 2015) and two items were used to identify the frequency with which participants purchased ecological or second-hand products. The final sample consisted of 202 participants who ate a vegan, vegetarian or omnivorous diet. Spearman's Correlations were performed and the Kruskal–Wallis statistical test was used.FindingsPeople with a vegan or vegetarian diet purchased ecological (p ≤ 0.001) and second-hand products (p = 0.006) more frequently compared to omnivores. Furthermore, the meanings attributed to food, specifically the moral, sacred and health meanings, were related to differences in eating patterns (p ≤ 0.001), while also being related to some eco-friendly purchase and consumption behaviours. Lastly, frugal behaviour was only found to be related to the health factor of meaning in food (rs = 0.27).Research limitations/implicationsThe measurement used to evaluate the purchase of ecological and second-hand products is very simple/the role of the meaning of food in guiding more eco-friendly behaviours and promoting less ecologically impactful eating patterns.Originality/valueThe study provides valuable information on how vegan, vegetarian and omnivorous diets relate to eco-friendly behaviours.
Board human capital diversity and corporate innovation: a longitudinal study
Authors: Wang Tao 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of board human capital diversity on corporate innovation. Moreover, it examines the moderating effect of internal social capital on the relationship between board human capital diversity and corporate innovation.Design/methodology/approachThe hypotheses are tested using a data set on Standard & Poor’s 1500 firms from 2000 to 2015. To overcome omit variable bias and reverse causality, this paper uses change-on-change regression by exploring the exogenous shock of the death of the directors.FindingsFindings show that board industry diversity has a curvilinear relationship with corporate innovation. In addition, the board co-tenure experience, a key factor of internal social capital, can mitigate the risk of board industry diversity and improve corporate innovation.Originality/valuePrior studies mostly considered the demographic dimension of diversity and, therefore, have overlooked how other dimensions influence firms. This paper considers the human capital dimension of board diversity and investigates the effect of board industry diversity on the firm’s innovation outcome. In addition, this paper also addresses the question of whether the interaction of different director attributes, namely, board human capital and board internal social capital, can complement each other to enhance corporate innovation.
Profiling the “big fish in a small pond” and examining which one swims the most happily
Authors: Boulet Maude 
Published: October 2021

PurposeTo disentangle the impact of each type of overqualification, the author created four profiles of overqualified workers based on the metaphor of the big fish in a small pond: “the fish that fits the pond,” “the unaware big fish in a small pond,” “the fish fitting the pond, but feeling cramped” and “the aware big fish in a small pond.”Design/methodology/approachUsing a Canadian representative survey, the author examined the distinctive effect of objective and subjective overqualification on job satisfaction among recent graduate workers. The subjective measure is based on the individual's perception of the match of his/her education level, training and experience with the requirements of his/her job; and the objective measure assesses the match between the individual's educational attainment and the skill level associated with his/her occupational group.FindingsThe results show that only the “the fish fitting the pond, but feeling cramped” and “the aware big fish in a small pond” profiles of overqualified workers lead to a lower probability of being satisfied with their job compared to “fish that fits the pond.”Originality/valueThe current study is original because the findings reveal that being objectively overqualified without feeling cramped has no consequence on workers' job satisfaction, while feeling cramped without being objectively overqualified leads to lower job satisfaction. Recruiters should therefore avoid to focus on overeducation since it has no impact on their job satisfaction. They should pay more attention to the feeling of being cramped when they look for the best candidates. Even if the candidate's diploma corresponds to that required by the position, this feeling reduces their chances to be satisfied with the job.
Triggering events in the decision to be an entrepreneur: an analysis of their influence on higher education graduates
Authors: Ruiz-Rosa Inés , Gutiérrez-Taño Desiderio , García-Rodríguez Francisco J. , Gil-Soto Esperanza 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe present research focuses on an understudied field in the entrepreneurial process: the events that transform intention into effective entrepreneurial behavior.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper a comparative analysis, using the t-test on related samples, is made of the perceptions of these triggering events of a group of graduates who showed entrepreneurial intention in higher education but, up to now, had not taken the decision to start a business with those of a group who had started a business. To do this, a sample of 227 graduates from a medium-sized European University located in Spain, with manifest entrepreneurial intention was used.FindingsThe results show that there are important differences between perceptions of entrepreneurship triggering events of potential entrepreneurs who have yet to start a company compared to entrepreneurs who have actually started a company. In this sense, the overevaluation by those who have not yet become entrepreneurs of events related to access to finance and the greater relevance for those with entrepreneurial experience of having a good team and contacts consisting of other entrepreneurs, mentors and advisers stand out.Research limitations/implicationsSome of the limitations observed in this work are related to the size of the sample analyzed. In the future, the study should be broadened, and different entrepreneurial behavior by academic specialization, gender, sector and/or type of activities should be investigated.Originality/valueOur study focuses on the phase of the entrepreneurship process in which intention becomes action and, more specifically, on those events that favor this change in behavior.
Engaging students in experiential learning through a public health campaign: a pre–post survey on hypertension and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yeong Siew-Wei , Kon Zhien-Hung , Ong Siew-Chin , Babar Zaheer-Ud-Din 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis study looked at the impact of a community-based public health campaign on hypertension and diabetes mellitus awareness and prevention, as well as student experiential learning in a campaign conducted by pharmacy students.Design/methodology/approachA convenience sampling cross-sectional pre–post survey was done to assess disease awareness and knowledge among those who attended the health campaign. The data analysis includes a total of 230 participants with complete data. After the campaign, the pharmacy students used self-assessment to reflect their learning experience.FindingsMost participants were unaware of their blood pressure and blood glucose readings, but they reported improved awareness of diseases and prevention of hypertension and diabetes after the health campaign. Although most participants correctly identified the common signs and symptoms of hypertension, few could associate it with overweight. Most participants were unaware of the 5 g per day salt intake limit for controlling hypertension before the campaign. Most participants were less aware that diabetes is associated with impaired vision, peripheral neuropathy, renal and heart diseases. Students expressed increased confidence in leadership, teamwork and communication abilities after the campaign based on self-assessment.Practical implicationsA health campaign enhances the disease knowledge of the general public. It has been suggested that experiential learning be encouraged in the pharmacy curriculum.Originality/valueThis study adds to the knowledge on the roles of community-based health campaigns and the value of pharmacy students’ involvement in experiential learning.
Antecedents and outcomes of teacher leadership: the role of teacher trust, teacher self-efficacy and instructional practice
Authors: Kılınç Ali Çağatay , Bellibaş Mehmet Şükrü , Bektaş Fatih 
Published: October 2021

PurposeMuch of the literature on school leadership has concerned itself with the leadership practices of school principals, largely ignoring the leadership capacity of teachers. Much remains unexplored regarding the factors influencing teacher leadership, as well as the impact it has on teaching and learning. Addressing this gap in the literature, this study sought to investigate (1) whether teacher trust influences teacher leadership and (2) whether teacher leadership influences instructional practices directly or indirectly through teacher self-efficacy.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a cross-sectional survey design using quantitative methods. A total of 618 teachers participated in the study. By performing structural equation modeling (SEM), we examined the direct and indirect effect of teacher leadership on instructional practice, with self-efficacy as the mediating variable while teacher trust was treated as the antecedent of teacher leadership.FindingsThe results indicated that teacher trust had a direct effect on teacher leadership, and while teacher leadership had no direct effect on instructional practices, an indirect effect was evident through the mediating effect of teacher self-efficacy.Research limitations/implicationsOur findings suggested that teacher leadership is a salient factor that influences teacher instructional practice by enhancing teachers' belief in their capability to cope with problems and improve student learning. Moreover, teacher trust provides intangible support for teachers to engage in leadership work. Since the current study employed a cross-sectional survey rather than a longitudinal one, we cannot accurately establish causal relationships among the study variables.Originality/valueThis study adds nuance to the literature on teacher leadership, where there is still limited international evidence regarding the factors that influence the enactment of teacher leadership, as well as those that mediate its effects on teaching and learning.