bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residue-resolved monitoring of protein hyperpolarization at sub-second time resolution
Authors: Negroni Mattia , Kurzbach Dennis 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSignal-enhancement techniques for NMR spectroscopy are important to amplify the weak resonances provided by nuclear spins. Recently, ‘hyperpolarization’ techniques have been intensively investigated. These provide nuclear spin states far from equilibrium yielding strong signal boosts up to four orders of magnitude. Here we propose a method for real-time NMR of ‘hyperpolarized’ proteins at residue resolution. The approach is based on dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP), which enables the use of hyperpolarized buffers that selectively boost NMR signals of solvent-exposed protein residues. The resulting spectral sparseness and signal enhancements enable recording of residue-resolved spectra at a 2 Hz sampling rate. Thus, we monitor the hyperpolarization level of different protein residues simultaneously under near-physiological conditions. We aim to address two points: 1) NMR experiments are often performed under conditions that increase sensitivity but are physiologically irrelevant; 2) long signal accumulation impedes fast real-time monitoring. Both limitations are of fundamental relevance to ascertain pharmacological relevance and study protein kinetics.
Organic clusters with time-dependent color-tunable dual persistent room-temperature phosphorescence
Authors: Chen Zijian , Li Mengke , Qiu Weidong , Xie Wentao , Gu Qing , Su Shi-Jian 
Published: October 2021

Time-dependent dual p-RTP was discovered in a series of organic clusters with different ring-members of heterocyclics and the relationship between molecular configurations and phosphorescence lifetimes was uncovered.
Application status and development trends for intelligent perception of distribution network
Authors: Yan Yingjie , Liu Yadong , Fang Jian , Lu Yuefeng , Jiang Xiuchen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntelligent perception is the cornerstone of digitalisation of power grid. Due to the closest connection with users, the information perception ability of distribution network directly affects the reliability of power supply. Distribution network has a wide range of geographical distribution and equipment types. The application of intelligent perception is with high complexity and dynamics under the limitation of both technology and management. Therefore, the study first sorts out the current application status of intelligent perception technology and equipment in distribution network from three application fields including distribution automation, metering systems, and inspection. Then, the constraints of existing intelligent perception applications and the key points of further research are pointed out. Finally, the development trends of intelligent perception technology in distribution network are presented from the three aspects of basic technology, perception equipment, and advanced applications. With the improvement of sensing, communication, energy acquisition, chips and perception equipments, the depth and breadth of advanced applications in distribution network will be expanded. The research results can provide references for the follow‐up research and practice of intelligent perception in distribution networks.
SiC MOSFET switching – Lower losses without increased EMI – A technique to evaluate and achieve this goal
Authors: Maier Robert W. , Bakran Mark‐M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWith increasing switching speed of new power semiconductors like the SiC MOSFET, special attention has to be paid on the electromagnetic interference and its limitations. In this work, an evaluation criterion is developed as an optimisation tool for maximum exploitation of conducted electromagnetic interference limit by optimizing the switching process of a SiC MOSFET. The switching losses of power semiconductors can be reduced by increasing their switching speed. Unfortunately, at the same time, the electromagnetic interference will increase due to higher voltage and current slopes and higher switching oscillations. The electromagnetic interference caused by the switching process can be reduced by decreasing the switching speed. This also reduces the switching oscillation but inevitably increases the switching losses. The electromagnetic interference criterion developed in this paper will help to identify the proper switching speed for minimum losses under compliance with switching process related electromagnetic interference. It can be used to evaluate the benefit of more advanced gate control methods that allow increasing the switching speed without increasing the switching oscillation amplitude. The proposed method will not replace the final electromagnetic interference testing, but it will help determine the proper gate control method for lowest possible switching losses without violating the electromagnetic interference restrictions in an early development state. Measurements show that the switching losses can be reduced by 75% with a proper gate control method, where the proposed method assures the compliance with the electromagnetic interference limit.
Maximum luminosities of normal stripped-envelope supernovae are brighter than explosion models allow
Authors: Sollerman J. , Yang S. , Perley D. , Schulze S. , Fremling C. , Kasliwal M. , Shin K. , Racine B. 
Published: October 2021

Context. Stripped-envelope supernovae (SE SNe) of Type Ib and Type Ic are thought to be the result of explosions of massive stars that have lost their outer envelopes. The favored explosion mechanism is via core-collapse, with the shock later revived by neutrino heating. However, there is an upper limit to the amount of radioactive 56Ni that such models can accommodate. Recent studies in the literature point to a tension between the maximum luminosity from such simulations and the observations.
Aims. We used a well-characterized sample of SE SNe from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) Bright Transient Survey (BTS) to scrutinize the observational caveats regarding estimates of the maximum luminosity (and thus the amount of ejected radioactive nickel) for the sample members.
Methods. We employed the strict selection criteria for the BTS to collect a sample of spectroscopically classified normal Type Ibc SNe, for which we used the ZTF light curves to determine the maximum luminosity. We culled the sample further based on data quality, shape of the light curves, distances, and colors. Then we examined the uncertainties that may affect the measurements. The methodology of the sample construction based on this BTS sample can be used for other future investigations.
Results. We analyzed the observational data, consisting of optical light curves and spectra, for the selected sub-samples. In total, we used 129 Type Ib or Type Ic BTS SNe with an initial rough luminosity distribution peaking at Mr = −17.61 ± 0.72, and where 36% are apparently brighter than the theoretically predicted maximum brightness of Mr = −17.8. When we further culled this sample to ensure that the SNe are normal Type Ibc with good LC data within the Hubble flow, the sample of 94 objects gives Mr = −17.64 ± 0.54. A main uncertainty in absolute magnitude determinations for SNe is the host galaxy extinction correction, but the reddened objects only get more luminous after corrections. If we simply exclude red objects, or those with unusual or uncertain colors, then we are left with 14 objects at Mr = −17.90 ± 0.73, whereof a handful are most certainly brighter than the suggested theoretical limit. The main result of this study is thus that normal SNe Ibc do indeed reach luminosities above 1042.6 erg s−1, which is apparently in conflict with existing explosion models.
Design and development of three test facilities to evaluate heat transfer performances of advanced and low cost materials and coatings for geothermal application
Authors: Pardelli Paolo Taddei , Mannelli Andrea , Tempesti Claretta , Romani Luca , Baroni Alberto , Bosi Lorenzo , Ferrara Giovanni 
Published: October 2021

Geothermal energy is accredited as a flexible, controllable and green source of energy.
Heat exchangers (HXs) are one of the most critical components of a geothermal power plant due to corrosion and scaling phenomena. Hence, improvements in the antiscaling and anticorrosion properties as well as heat transfer performance of the HX materials will lead to smaller, more efficient and less costly systems. EU H2020 GeoHex project relies on the use low-cost carbon steel-based material for HXs. Through modifying the surface with nano porous coating and controlling the surface chemistry, the heat transfer performance of single phase and phase change process will be improved.
This paper presents the design and development of three lab scale test rigs to test the effectiveness of innovative materials and superficial treatments on heat exchange with geothermal brine in single, condensing and evaporating phases. The rigs have been equipped with all the necessary instrumentation for control and for data acquisition. In particular, the advanced coatings are applied on a small stainless-steel plate and R134a fluid has been used for heat transfer coefficient characterization in different phase conditions.
GeoHex project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. Grant agreement n.851917.
Stirling-Engine in a Novel Alphagamma Configuration – a Key for Maintenance-free Operation
Authors: Frauscher Josef , Diermaier Franz , Brandt Hans-Jürgen , Gschwendtner Michael 
Published: October 2021

Since 2001, Frauscher Thermal Motors have been conducting research in the field of thermodynamic machines, in particular Stirling engines of various types. One important development step is the invention of a Stirling engine in an alphagamma® configuration. In this configuration, the expansion piston is designed as a differential piston with its ring surface connected to the cold volume.
In this paper, the design advantages of the alphagamma® configuration in comparison with a traditional alpha configuration are shown analytically by using a polytropic model as a modification of the ideal adiabatic analysis. The findings were confirmed by also simulating the proposed alphagamma® configuration in a Sage model which was validated against experimental data with very good agreement.
The results of both methods show that the counter-productive compression work can be reduced to almost zero – which makes the compression piston a displacer and explains the name alphagamma® – with the expansion work also reduced for the same net work output. As a consequence, the forces on the pistons, and thus, on the bearings can be significantly reduced, also leading to smaller piston side-loads, less friction and wear. The combination of all advantages allows the design of a mechanically sound and inexpensive machine.
Superradical Hysterectomy for Cervical Cancer as an Alternative to the Usual Okabayashi-Type Radical Hysterectomy
Authors: Mandai Masaki , Yamaguchi Ken , Hamanishi Junzo , Sekiyama Kentaro , Kondoh Eiji 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRadical hysterectomy is a standard operation for invasive cervical cancers. However, if the invasion to the parametrium is more advanced than estimation in the operation, it is difficult to perform usual radical hysterectomy. Superradical hysterectomy was developed by Prof. Ryukichi Mibayashi of Kyoto University and was published in 1941, and has been performed for the limited cases by a part of Japanese gynecologic surgeons. Superradical hysterectomy is a procedure in which the soft tissues in the pelvis are removed en bloc by sequential processing of the internal iliac vessels, which leads to a complete dissection of the lymphatic tissue in the pelvis to the pelvic wall.
Exploring interest intermediation in Central and Eastern Europe: is higher education different?
Authors: Dobbins Michael , Horváthová Brigitte , Labanino Rafael Pablo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHigher education interest groups remain somewhat understudied from a comparative theory-driven perspective. This is surprising because political decisions regarding higher education must increasingly be legitimized to students, taxpayers, the academic community and society. This article aims to advance our understanding of higher education stakeholders in post-communist Europe. In our view, the region deserves more attention, not least because students and academics were very instrumental in bringing down communism and institutionalizing democracy. First, we draw on Klemenčič’s (EJHE 2(1): 2–19, 2012; SHE 39(3):396–411, 2014) distinction between corporatist and pluralist as well as formalized and informal systems of representation in higher education. Looking at survey data from four countries—Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovenia—we examine to what extent post-communist democracies have established corporatist institutions to facilitate the formal participation of various crucial stakeholder organizations, e.g. students’ unions, academic unions, rectors’ conferences, etc. Then we address whether higher education organizations enjoy privileged access to policy-makers compared to those from other policy areas, while engaging with the argument that higher education is a particular case of “stakeholder democracy” in a region otherwise characterized by weak civic participation and corporatism. To wrap up, we discuss different “mutations of higher education corporatism” in each country.
Does drought limit resprouter recruitment in
Authors: Leonard Jenny , West Adam G. , van Blerk Justin J. , Ojeda Fernando 
Published: October 2021

Context It has been proposed that the distribution of resprouter and seeder Erica in the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) of South Africa is determined by drought rather than by fire frequency. Seedlings of Erica seeders are predicted to withstand the mild droughts of the southwest CFR better than those of Erica resprouters, which would account for the abundance of seeders in this region. Aims This study aimed to test this hypothesis using Erica coccinea (L.), which contains both a resprouter and a seeder form. Methods One-year-old seedlings of both forms were subjected to a progressively severe 50-day drought in the greenhouse. Key results Contrary to expectations, seeder seedlings had 67% higher mortality than resprouters during the initial phase of drought (30% vs 18% after 32 days). However, both forms were unable to survive as the drought progressed, resulting in 95% mortality by Day 50. There were limited differences between the forms in gas exchange and water potential, and no difference in root:shoot ratios. However, resprouters had significantly higher soluble carbohydrates than did seeders, which may have aided in delaying mortality. Conclusions Our results showed no evidence of resprouter seedlings being more vulnerable to mild drought than seeders in E. coccinea. Implications Our findings challenge the hypothesis that the distribution of this species can be explained by the vulnerability of resprouter seedlings to mild drought.
Neural oscillatory activity serving sensorimotor control is predicted by superoxide-sensitive mitochondrial redox environments
Authors: Spooner Rachel K. , Taylor Brittany K. , Ahmad Iman M. , Dyball Kelsey N. , Emanuel Katy , Fox Howard S. , Stauch Kelly L. , Zimmerman Matthew C. , Wilson Tony W. 
Published: October 2021

Significance
Mitochondrial integrity and associated redox profiles have long been revered as key contributors to a host of age- and disease-related pathologies, which eventually lead to neuronal and behavioral dysfunction in the sensorimotor and other systems. However, the precise role of the mitochondrial redox environment in human sensorimotor brain systems and motor behavior remains poorly understood. Herein, we provide evidence for a strong predictive capacity of superoxide and its scavenger, superoxide dismutase, on the neural oscillatory dynamics serving motor planning and execution above and beyond the effects of mitochondrial respiratory capacities alone. Importantly, these data provide insight regarding the impact of the redox environment on the population-level neural oscillations that serve motor function in healthy humans.
The Epstein–Barr virus noncoding RNA EBER2 transactivates the UCHL1 deubiquitinase to accelerate cell growth
Authors: Li Zhe , Baccianti Francesco , Delecluse Susanne , Tsai Ming-Han , Shumilov Anatoliy , Cheng Xianliang , Ma Sicong , Hoffmann Ingrid , Poirey Remy , Delecluse Henri-Jacques 
Published: October 2021

Significance
The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is an oncogenic virus that encodes multiple transforming proteins. EBV transforms resting normal B cells and is associated with multiple types of B cell lymphomas. How EBV transforms these cells is incompletely understood, in particular in tumor cells such as Burkitt’s lymphomas that do not express EBV’s oncogenes. Here, we show that the EBV noncoding RNA EBER2 accelerates B cell division through overexpression of cyclin B1 and of Aurora kinases. Mechanistically, we found that EBER2 induces the expression of the UCHL1 deubiquitinase that itself modulates expression of the cell-cycle proteins. Interestingly, this effect is modulated by the lineage of the infected cell and by polymorphisms within the viral genome.
The development of derivation in early Greek first language
acquisition
Authors: Stephany Ursula 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study is concerned with the development of
derivational prefixation and suffixation in early Greek language acquisition
and is based on the speech of a monolingual Greek girl from 1;8 to 3;0 years
in interaction with her mother (Katis Corpus). The most productive
derivational affixes are verbal prefixes while derivational suffixes prevail
in adjectives and nouns. Special attention is paid to the development of
word families (lexemes sharing a base) and word series (sets of derivatives
sharing a derivational affix) in the child’s lexicon and to a comparison
with child-directed speech. The study is committed to usage-based approaches
to language acquisition according to which “language structure emerges from
language use” (Tomasello
2003: 327) and productivity arises within item-based schemas.
Emergence and early development of derivatives in Danish child
language
Authors: Kjærbæk Laila , Basbøll Hans 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This chapter is a first attempt to describe and
characterize the development of derivational morphology in monolingual
Danish-speaking children’s early spontaneous speech. It introduces the
Danish derivational system and gives an overview of the most common
derivational types in Danish, emphasizing the interaction between derivation
and prosody. It analyses derivatives in a corpus of
parent-child-interactions and discusses factors impacting early development
of derivatives. The results show that conventional derivatives appear from
age 1;3–1;7. The most frequent derivatives and derivational patterns in
child speech are also among the most frequent in child-directed speech. Only
a very small inventory of derivational patterns has emerged up to age 3;11,
and only vague traces of an emerging knowledge of productive derivation are
found.
Early phases of development of German derivational morphology
Authors: Sommer-Lolei Sabine , Mattes Veronika , Korecky-Kröll Katharina , Dressler Wolfgang U. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This chapter presents for the first time an overall
description of the development of German derivational morphology. The
longitudinal spontaneous speech corpora of three children acquiring Standard
Austrian German and their mothers is analysed up to 3;0, with outlooks up to
6;0. The analysis focusses on nominal, verbal and adjectival derivation
patterns that play a role at this early age, as well as on age and order of
emergence, productive use and development of various patterns and its
possible correlation to the respective input. The mini-paradigm criterion is
extended to derivational morphology for attesting potential productivity in
child speech. Only a very small inventory of derivational patterns is
acquired up to 3;0; acquisition of derivation accelerates remarkably during
preschool age.
The acquisition of the Lithuanian derivational system
Authors: Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė Laura , Balčiūnienė Ingrida , Dabašinskienė Ineta 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study is based on the longitudinal corpus data of
two Lithuanian children (1;7–2;7). The aim of the research is to analyse the
production of suffixed and prefixed nouns, verbs, and adjectives in CS and
CDS during the early stages of the acquisition of Lithuanian morphology. The
acquisition of the Lithuanian derivational system seems to be quite an
effortless process. Although a considerable number of errors occurred at the
initial stages, the first derivational families emerged already at the age
of 1;8–1;9, and the number of errors started to decrease rapidly. The period
during which the first derivatives emerge in child speech corresponds to the
transition from a premorphological to a protomorphological stage.
Positronium emission from GaN(0001) and AlN(0001) surfaces
Authors: Kawasuso A , Maekawa M , Miyashita A , Wada K , Nagashima Y , Ishida A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Positronium emission from wurtzite GaN(0001) and AlN(0001) surfaces was observed by positronium time-of-flight spectroscopy. The positronium energy spectra contained two positronium components distinguished by their energies. Through detailed analyses based on Monte Carlo simulations, these two components were attributed to positronium formed from valence and conduction electrons. The obtained results augment the previous arguments regarding the contribution of conduction electrons to positronium emission from 4H SiC(0001) and Si(111) surfaces.
Superior resistance switching in monolayer MoS2 channel-based gated binary resistive random-access memory via gate-bias dependence and a unique forming process
Authors: Ansh  , Shrivastava Mayank 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Resistance switching (RS) in 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) was recently discovered. Since the discovery, many reports demonstrating MoS2 resistive random-access memory (RRAM) with synapse-like behavior have been published. These reports strongly justify applications of MoS2 RRAM in neuromorphic hardware as well as an alternative to conventional binary memories. In this work, we unveil the effect of RS, induced by current–voltage hysteresis cycles across CVD-grown monolayer MoS2-based gated RRAM, on its transistor’s electrical and reliability characteristics. A unique gate voltage dependence on the RS is identified which has a remarkable impact on the switching performance of MoS2 RRAM. RS behavior was found to be significantly dependent on the charge conduction in the channel. Moreover, we have shown a potential device-forming event when MoS2-gated RRAMs were subjected to a steady-state electrical stress. Both hysteresis and steady-state electrical stress were found to disturb the transistor action of these gated RRAMs, which can in fact be used as a signature of RS. Interestingly, current–voltage hysteresis resulted in unipolar RS, whereas steady-state electrical stress before RS measurement led to bipolar RS. Moreover, successive stress cycles of such electrical stress lead to multiple resistance states, a behavior similar to synaptic properties such as long-term potentiation and long-term depression, typically found in memristors. We find that the charge transport mechanism dominant in the MoS2 FET, in conjunction with steady-state stress-induced device forming, determine the extent of RS induced in thes MoS2-based gated RRAMs. Finally, on the basis of insights developed from the dependence on the charge transport mechanism and steady-state stress-induced forming of the MoS2 channel, we propose a certain steady-state electrical stress condition which can be used as a ‘forming’ process, employed prior to the use of MoS2-based binary RRAMs for improved switching performance.