bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicenter, Observational Study of Lanreotide Autogel for the Treatment of Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors in Routine Clinical Practice in Germany and Austria
Authors: Rinke Anja , Maintz Christoph , Müller Lothar , Weber Matthias M. , Lahner Harald , Pavel Marianne , Saeger Wolfgang , Houchard Aude , Ungewiss Hanna , Petersenn Stephan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background The long-acting somatostatin analog lanreotide autogel is effective in the treatment of patients with neuroendocrine tumors.
Objective To evaluate the long-term treatment response in patients with neuroendocrine tumors receiving lanreotide autogel in routine clinical practice.
Methods Non-interventional, 24-month study in patients with neuroendocrine tumors treated with lanreotide autogel (NCT01840449).
Results Patients (n=80) from 26 centers in Germany and Austria were enrolled. Neuroendocrine tumors were mainly grade 1/2, metastasized, intestinal, and associated with carcinoid syndrome; 88.9% had received previous neuroendocrine tumor treatment. Of those, 84.4% had previous surgery, 18.7% had received octreotide. The primary endpoint, defined by a <50% chromogranin A increase at month 12 compared with the lowest value between baseline and month 3 was achieved by 89.5% patients. Stable disease according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 was observed in 76.9 and 75.0% patients at months 12 and 24 of lanreotide treatment, respectively. Mean change of chromogranin A levels from baseline to month 24 was −0.12 × upper limit of normal (95% CI, −0.22; −0.45). In a post hoc analysis, 38.5% of the subgroup of patients with carcinoid syndrome had daily diarrhea at baseline vs. 21.4% at month 24. At baseline, 27.8% of patients received lanreotide 120 mg every 4 weeks vs. 56.7% at month 24. Quality of life data were heterogeneous. No new safety issues arose and/or required further investigation.
Conclusions Our study reflects routine lanreotide autogel use in patients with advanced/metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. This analysis shows effectiveness with stabilization of disease-related symptoms and good tolerability of lanreotide autogel in clinical practice.
Übersetzung und transkulturelle Adaptation des Prosthesis
Mobility Questionnaire 2.0 (PMQ) ins Deutsche und dessen Reliabilität
und Validität bei Patienten mit Majoramputation der unteren
Extremität
Authors: Ranker Alexander , Örgel Marcus , Schiller Jörg , Egen Christoph , Ranker Anna Helena , Greitemann Bernhard , Gutenbrunner Christoph 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Das Ziel dieser prospektiven Validierungsstudie war es,
den Prosthesis Mobility Questionnaire 2.0 (PMQ) leitlinienkonform ins Deutsche
zu übersetzen und anschließend mittels Verfahren der klassischen
Test-Theorie auf Validität und Reliabilität zu
überprüfen.
Methodik Der PMQ wurde gemäß ISPOR-Leitlinien zweifach
vorwärts- und zweifach rückwärtsübersetzt und
mittels Pilottest (N=10) finalisiert. Anschließend erfolgte eine
Überprüfung der Gütekriterien an N=61 Patienten
mit unilateraler Majoramputation der unteren Extremität von März
2020 bis August 2020. Die konvergente Konstruktvalidität wurde mittels
der deutschen Version des Locomotor Capabilities Index-5 (LCI-5-D), dem
Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI), dem Timed up and go Test (TUG) sowie anhand der
Mobilitätsgrade ermittelt. Zur Überprüfung der internen
Konsistenz wurde Cronbachs Alpha berechnet sowie die Trennschärfe durch
Item-Skala-Korrelationen ermittelt. Die Test-Retest-Reliabilität wurde
mittels ICC (2,1) berechnet. Darauf aufbauend wurde die minimale detektierbare
Differenz berechnet.
Ergebnisse Der Übersetzungsprozess erforderte kleine
Änderungen nach dem Pilottest. Die Validierungsstudie wurde an
N=61 Patienten durchgeführt (56,59±13,16 Jahre,
m/w=38/23). Im Mittel konnte ein PMQ von
26,23±8,89 Punkten erreicht werden. Decken- oder Bodeneffekte zeigten
sich im Gesamtscore nicht. Die Konstruktvalidität zeigte starke positive
Korrelationen zum LCI-5-D (r=0,74, p<0,001), RMI (r=0,63
p<0,001) sowie Mobilitätsgraden (r=0,61
p<0,001). Ebenso eine moderate negative Korrelation zum TUG
(r=− 0,49, p<0,001). Die interne Konsistenz war
sehr gut (Cronbachs Alpha=0,95). Alle Items zeigten einen Wert
größer r=0,40 bei der Item-zu-Gesamtscore Korrelation.
Test-Retest-Reliabilität war mit einem ICC (2,1)=0,98 exzellent
bei einem Erhebungsintervall zwischen T0 und T1 von 3,2±2,83 Tagen.
Darauf aufbauend betrug die minimale detektierbare Differenz 3,40 Punkte.
Schlussfolgerung Die deutsche Version des Prosthesis Mobility
Questionnaire 2.0 ist ein valides und reliables
Selbsteinschätzungs-Instrument zur Messung der Mobilität und
Funktionsfähigkeit von Patienten mit Exoprothese bei unilateraler
Majoramputation der unteren Extremität. Es kann für den
deutschsprachigen Raum verwendet werden.
Continuous monitoring of colonoscopy performance in the Netherlands: first results of a nationwide registry
Authors: Nass Karlijn J. , van der Schaar Peter J. , van der Vlugt Manon , Ledeboer Michiel , van Esch Aura A. J. , van der Beek Sander , Lacle Miangela M. , van Leerdam Monique E. , Ouwendijk Rob J. T. , Spaander Manon C. W. , Wouters Michel W. J. M. , Fockens Paul , Dekker Evelien 
Published: July 2021

Background To optimize colonoscopy quality, several performance measures have been developed. These are usually assessed without distinction between the indications for colonoscopy. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of linking two national registries (one for colonoscopy and one for adverse events of gastrointestinal endoscopies in the Netherlands), and to describe the results of colonoscopy quality per indication.
Methods This retrospective study was conducted with prospectively collected data of the Dutch Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Audit (DGEA) and the Dutch Registration of Complications in Endoscopy (DRCE). Data between 01–01–2016 and 01–01–2019 were analyzed. To calculate adverse event rates, data were linked at the level of endoscopy service.
Results During the 3-year study period, 266 981 colonoscopies were recorded in DGEA. Of all indications, cecal intubation rate was highest in fecal immunochemical test (FIT)-positive screening colonoscopies (97.1 %), followed by surveillance (93.2 %), diagnostic (90.7 %), and therapeutic colonoscopies (83.1 %). The highest rate of adequate bowel preparation was observed in FIT-positive screening colonoscopies (97.1 %). A total of 1540 colonoscopy-related adverse events occurred (0.58 % of all colonoscopies). Bleeding and perforation and rates were highest for therapeutic (1.56 % and 0.51 %, respectively) and FIT-positive screening (0.72 % and 0.06 %, respectively) colonoscopies. The colonoscopy-related mortality was 0.006 %.
Conclusion This study describes the first results of the Dutch national colonoscopy registry, which was successfully linked to data from the national registry for adverse events of gastrointestinal endoscopies. In this large dataset, performance varied between indications. Our results emphasize the importance of defining benchmarks per indication in future guidelines.
Convenient One-Pot Synthesis of 9H-Carbazoles by Microwave Irradiation Employing a Green Palladium-Based Nanocatalyst
Authors: Gerbino Darío C. , Steingruber H. Sebastián , Mendioroz Pamela , Volpe María A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAn efficient palladium-catalyzed tandem reaction for the one-pot synthesis of 9H-carbazoles under microwave irradiation is developed. This approach involves a sequential Buchwald–Hartwig amination and a direct arylation from affordable and inexpensive anilines and 1,2-dihaloarenes. For the development of this purpose, a novel and magnetically recoverable palladium nanocatalyst supported on a green biochar under ligand-free conditions is used. Compared to other existing palladium-based protocols, the present synthetic methodology shows a drastic reduction in reaction times and excellent compatibility with different functional groups allowing to obtain a small library of 9H-carbazoles in high yields and with good regioselectivity. This procedure represents the first example in the direct synthesis of carbazoles using a heterogeneous palladium nanocatalyst from commercial precursors. To examine the application of this protocol, a direct and scalable synthesis of the bioactive carbazole alkaloid clausenalene from commercially available starting materials is described.
Chimeric ALT Plus TFL Perforator Flap for Breast Reconstruction Post Radical Mastectomy with Large Skin Defect
Authors: Jaiswal Dushyant , Mantri Mayur Raman , Shankhdhar Vinay Kant , Wagh Snehjeet Hemant 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA 17-year-old girl with large malignant phyllodes tumor of left breast underwent a radical mastectomy with large skin excision resulting in defect of 20 cm × 18 cm. Postoperative radiation therapy necessitated robust cover with flap. The challenge was compounded by her body habitus. Both abdomen and back were deficient as donor sites and a single-island anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap would need skin grafts, volume deficit withstanding. We harvested chimeric ALT plus tensor fascia lata (TFL) perforator free flap sparing all muscles and nerves. Microvascular anastomoses were done to the second internal mammary artery (IMA) perforator artery and vein. The donor site was closed primarily. The TFL flap territory recruited almost three times the volume of ALT territory and allowed us to create a matching breast mound in addition to covering the defect. She tolerated 40 Gy radiation well and doesn’t desire further augmentation. Consistency of ALT and TFL perforators makes this a replicable procedure.
Examination in the Time of COVID-19—MCh Plastic Surgery Examination: How Did We Do It?
Authors: Chauhan Shashank , Dash Suvashis , Ranjan Piyush , Singhal Maneesh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Many aspects of life have been changed, after the starting of the pandemic. Modifications and improvisation in our day-to-day activities is now a new norm. During the pandemic period, continuation academic activities and conductance of examination is difficult but essential. We are sharing our experience of conductance of MCh examination during the pandemic and preparations made. This article also discussed the future of surgical assessment examination, use of technology in surgical assessment changing times.
Methods Procedural flow of the examination, Logistics and arrangements were planned and checked. Reliability and validity of questions were maintained by providing a similar set of questions and stepwise objective assessment. Assessment and feedback by the examinees and examiners on the pattern and conductance of examination were assessed by a Likert scale.
Results We found, 73% agreed examination patterns were able to test the knowledge fairly. While 80 % believed the pattern was the same for all the candidates. All the stakeholders agreed the examination conducted in a Safe and stress-free atmosphere and use of technology helpful. Fifty- three % agreed the case scenarios correctly simulate the clinical presentations. Lastly, 66 % felt the examination process is adequate for summative assessment.
Conclusions It is vital to reflect regarding the need for a uniform module to handle changing scenarios keeping the integrity and quality of the examination. Interactive screen, mannequin, and 3D model will be useful in the examination. In future, standardized examination modules for the surgical trainees will be required to perform a comprehensive assessment.
A Never Described Variant of the Cervical Rib Causing Arterial Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: World's First Case
Authors: Kaderi Saif Abdeali A. , Shinde Pravin , Tilloo Raviraj , Chetan Sonewane , Dalal Tanvi , Vaghmare Sahil , Bhesaniya Dhaval , Shah Sulay , Rege Sameer 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCervical ribs, also known as Eve's ribs, are rare and found in 1% of population. They are more common in females and more common on right side. They are asymptomatic in 90% of cases. Cervical rib fused with transverse process of sixth vertebra is rarer. We present a case of dry gangrene of lateral three fingers with right radial and subclavian artery thrombosis with rest pain, due to right cervical rib fused with transverse process of sixth vertebra. After development of line of demarcation of the dry gangrene, patient was operated for excision of cervical rib and sixth cervical vertebral transverse process followed by Ray's amputation of right second finger. Postoperative course was uneventful. Patient was discharged with oral anticoagulation and a healthy wound in right hand.
Financial Inclusion and Household Welfare: An Entropy-Based Consumption Diversification Approach
Authors: Chakrabarty Manisha , Mukherjee Subhankar 
Published: July 2021

AbstractState-led financial inclusion programmes have been implemented in many developing countries, but their effectiveness in raising welfare remains widely debated. In this article, we report evidence on this issue, against the backdrop of recent policy initiatives on financial inclusion in India. We employ Theil’s entropy-based index to estimate diversification in consumption expenditure, and use this as a measure of welfare. Using household-level panel data across all regions of the country, we find evidence that greater financial inclusion increases diversity in non-food items. Further, we also notice that there is a shift in consumption basket from food items to non-food items. These findings suggest an improvement in welfare for both rural as well as urban households.
Interfacial stiffness of nematic–smectic B interface in Gay–Berne liquid crystals using capillary wave theory
Authors: Kaur Jagroop , Deb Debabrata 
Published: July 2021

The interfacial stiffness for nematic–smectic B (nm–smB) interface in a liquid crystalline (LC) material is calculated using Capillary Wave Theory (CWT) and molecular dynamics simulations. The Gay–Berne (GB) pair potential with parameters κ, κ′, μ, and ν equal to 3, 5, 2, and 1 is used to model the LC material. Using a smart three-step recipe, we have obtained an nm–smB phase coexistence in our simulations where the nm and smB directors are nearly parallel to each other and perpendicular to the interface normal. The density profiles are used to compute the nm–smB coexisting density range, the interfacial width, and its position. The smectic phase is differentiated from the nematic phase by using the local bond order parameter (q6q6), which has helped us to demonstrate that the interface is indeed rough. Finally, the interfacial stiffness of the nm–smB interface is computed by following the CWT analysis and is found to be γ̃nm−smB=0.39861kBT/σee2=0.04429/σss2, where σee and σss are the length and diameter of the GB LC particles.
Bandgap bowing parameter and alloy fluctuations for β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 alloys for x ≤ 0.35 determined from low temperature optical reflectivity
Authors: Bhattacharjee Jayanta , Ghosh Sahadeb , Pokhriyal Preeti , Gangwar Rashmi , Dutt Rajeev , Sagdeo Archna , Tiwari Pragya , Singh S. D. 
Published: July 2021

A bandgap bowing parameter of 0.4 ± 0.2 eV for β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 alloys, with Al compositions (x) up to 0.35, has been determined from the bandgap obtained from low temperature optical reflectivity, which suppresses the effect of electron–phonon interaction on the bandgap. A length scale of inhomogeneity of 0.21 ± 0.03 times of the electron–hole mean free path length has been estimated for β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 alloys. The unit cell of β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 alloys compresses, and the lattice parameters vary linearly with Al substitution. Our results provide insight into bandgap engineering and alloy disorder for β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 alloys, which are an important material system for applications in deep ultraviolet opto-electronic devices.
The magnitude of germinal center reactions is restricted by a fixed number of preexisting niches
Authors: Avancena Patricia , Song Tengfei , Yao Yonghong , Fehlner-Peach Hannah , Diamond Betty , Gu Hua , Rajewsky Klaus , Zou Yong-Rui 
Published: July 2021

Significance
The germinal center (GC) reaction generates high-affinity antibody–producing plasma cells and memory B cells that are pivotal for immune responses against pathogens and effective vaccination. However, it remains a challenging task to enhance GC reactions because increased antigen doses or repeated immunization, which should activate more B and T cells for GC formation, do not significantly augment antibody affinity. Here, we show that predetermined GC niches set the ceiling of GC numbers and thus limit GC responses. Clearance of the GC niche occupied by preexisting GC B cells may be a strategy to improve vaccine effectiveness or restore repressed antibody responses in autoimmune patients.
Characterization of DNA–protein complexes by nanoparticle tracking analysis and their association with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Juul-Madsen Kristian , Troldborg Anne , Wittenborn Thomas R. , Axelsen Mads G. , Zhao Huaying , Klausen Lasse H. , Luecke Stefanie , Paludan Søren R. , Stengaard-Pedersen Kristian , Dong Mingdong , Møller Holger J. , Thiel Steffen , Jensen Henrik , Schuck Peter , Sutherland Duncan S. , Degn Søren E. , Vorup-Jensen Thomas 
Published: July 2021

Significance
Progress in understanding and treating inflammatory diseases relies on accurate characterization of the molecular pathology. From application of nanoparticle tracking analysis, we expose a fundamental insight in oligomeric protein structure as polyvalent stimulants of autoreactive B cells. Quantification of hydrodynamic radii implicates these large proteins as part of vascular damage, which is an important source of morbidity and death in consequence of autoimmunity. Dysregulated alterations in protein concentration have been often sought as an explanation for diseases. Our work highlights now protein size as a key parameter in the inflammatory response both in and outside lymphoid organs. In this way, our findings may have wide implications for understanding disease associations based on polymerization and hydrodynamic radius changes of biological macromolecules.
Recopilación del léxico disponible dialectal en Andalucía sobre alimentos desde el análisis sociolingüístico de la
muestra sevillana
Authors: Trigo Ibáñez Ester , Clotilde Santos Díaz Inmaculada , Romero Oliva Manuel Francisco 
Published: July 2021

Resumen
El análisis de las voces dialectales de una comunidad hablante es trascendental en múltiples disciplinas: la
dialectología, la etnografía, la sociología y la enseñanza de idiomas, entre otras. Los objetivos de esta investigación son, por
un lado, analizar el léxico dialectal consignado en el léxico disponible de Sevilla y, por otro, recopilar los dialectalismos del
centro de interés “Alimentos y bebidas” presentes en los diccionarios de disponibilidad léxica de las ocho provincias andaluzas.
Para la recogida de datos y la selección de la muestra se han seguido las directrices del Proyecto Panhispánico de Disponibilidad
Léxica. Los resultados estadísticos muestran que las variables socioculturales (sexo, tipo de centro educativo, población y nivel
sociocultural) no influyen significativamente en el léxico dialectal de sus hablantes. En cuanto a Andalucía, se han registrado 95
vocablos que han sido aportados en una sola provincia y 34 que aparecen en dos o más provincias. El repertorio léxico obtenido
supone una valiosa fuente de información para la selección del vocabulario en la enseñanza de español y para realizar futuras
comparaciones diatópicas y diacrónicas tanto en España como en otros países de habla hispana.
El complemento directo y de régimen en español y sus equivalencias en croata
Authors: Mikelenić Bojana , Oliver Antoni 
Published: July 2021

Resumen
El presente estudio se basa en la teoría sobre la relación del complemento directo (CD) y de régimen (CR) en
español –la posibilidad de su coocurrencia en el mismo predicado (Alarcos, 1966; Bosque, 1983; Rojo, 1983) y los predicados en
los que estos dos complementos pueden alternar– para analizar las diferencias en la traducción de estos verbos y sus argumentos al
croata. Mediante búsquedas en un corpus paralelo español-croata y la herramienta ReSiPC (Regular Expression Search in
Parallel Corpora): (Antoni Oliver y Bojana Mikelenić, 2020) desarrollados ambos para esta investigación, se muestran ejemplos de diferentes soluciones al
traducir dichas estructuras –verbos diferentes, el mismo verbo con el régimen diferente, cambio del verbo dependiendo del
significado del complemento–, al igual que ciertos paralelismos entre los esquemas de los dos idiomas. Con esta aproximación se
pretende contribuir en el desarrollo de la metodología y herramientas que facilitarán otros trabajos de esta índole, subrayando
también su valor descriptivo, dado el escaso número de trabajos que comparan estos dos idiomas.
Influencia de la lengua materna y del conocimiento de lenguas
extranjeras en el léxico disponible en ELE
Authors: Hidalgo Gallardo Matías 
Published: July 2021

Resumen
Son numerosas las voces que abogan por la inclusión de la lengua
materna en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras en pos de un aprendizaje más
positivo, lo que demuestra la incidencia de esta en la competencia lingüística
de los discentes, y más concretamente en la competencia léxica. También son
numerosos quienes defienden las bondades del multilingüismo en este contexto
educativo. Es, por tanto, evidente el interés que estos dos factores despiertan
en el campo de la investigación y de la didáctica de idiomas. En este sentido,
en el presente trabajo se pretende analizar qué influencia ejercen la lengua
materna (chino mandarín y chino cantonés) –y, en consecuencia, el bilingüismo en
ambas lenguas– y el conocimiento de varias lenguas extranjeras (computadas según
el número) en la competencia léxica en ELE de informantes sinohablantes, más
concretamente en su léxico disponible en español. A través de una serie de
análisis estadísticos comprobamos que la lengua materna no ejerce un impacto
significativo desde una perspectiva cuantitativa, mientras que la competencia
multilingüe sí se revela algo más influyente, aunque solo en las fases iniciales
del proceso de aprendizaje.
Entre la oración y el discurso
Authors: Matute Cristina 
Published: July 2021

Resumen
Este trabajo investiga la adquisición de las funciones adversativa y concesiva del adverbio todavía por parte de
aprendices de español no nativos. Los métodos de enseñanza por lo general solamente presentan su valor como adverbio aspectual, lo
cual permite explorar en qué medida estos aprendices son capaces de desarrollar sin enseñanza explícita funciones más complejas
así como su configuración en la sintaxis discursiva. Dado que los valores adversativo y concesivo únicamente se registran en la
interlengua de aprendices de lenguas maternas en las que existe un elemento equivalente, el estudio especifica las equivalencias
en los niveles léxico, sintáctico y discursivo que parecen subyacer a la transferencia de la L1 a la L2, y concluye que el proceso
se beneficiaría de la enseñanza para llegar a un uso nativo.