bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Practice Satisfaction and Quality of Life among Early-Career Doctors in Nigeria
Authors: Folayan Olumuyiwa , Amoo Abimbola , Buowari Dabota , Yahya Abdulmajid , Kanmodi Kehinde Kazeem , Umar Shehu Salihu , Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen , Osasona Oluwatoba E. , Francis Umar Wasinda , Ogunsuji Oluwaseyi , Salihu Mumeen Olaitan , Ekuaze Esele Fortunate , Adedamola Alatishe Taiwo , Babalola Rereloluwa N. , Adufe Iyanu , Uyilawa Okhuaihesuyi , Williams Adedayo , Obazenu Lawson , Adebayo Oladimeji 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
Job satisfaction and quality of life (QOL) are critical issues among early-career doctors (ECDs) in Nigeria; however, there is a paucity of data on these two issues. This study explored job satisfaction and QOL among ECDs in Nigeria.

Methods:
It was a cross-sectional study that used a self-administered questionnaire to collect data on sociodemographic and job satisfaction parameters from 667 ECDs in seven Nigerian tertiary hospitals. The World Health Organisation QOL-BREF tool was used to assess their QoL.

Results:
Results showed that the ECDs were satisfied with their career choice; however, they were not satisfied in the areas of remuneration, workload, and work environment. Furthermore, QOL was fairly above average, with the lowest scores reported in the environmental domain and only a slight male-to-female difference in the physical domain.

Conclusion:
Clinical practice dissatisfaction among ECDs could negatively impact healthcare service delivery. Therefore, it is recommended that the quality of the workplace environment and infrastructure in society at large should be improved upon by various stakeholders. This will positively impact the QoL of ECDs and enhance optimal healthcare delivery to the nation's teeming population.
The Outcome of Intervention, Characteristics, and Determinants of Treatment Failure in HIV-Infected Adolescents on First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at a Tertiary Health Institution, in South-East Nigeria
Authors: Orji Maria-Lauretta , Onyire Nnamdi Benson , Ojukwu James Olisaluka , Oyim-Elechi Cecilia Oluchukwu 
Published: October 2021

Background:
The adolescent phase of life is characterized by the desire for independence, experimentation, and heightened peer influence. These may affect HIV prevention, care, treatment, and support in adolescents.

Objective:
This study was aimed at determining the outcome of intervention and factors responsible for treatment failure among adolescents on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Materials and Methods:
It was an interventional cohort study that studied 88 adolescents on ART. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data on sociodemographics. Assessment of adherence was done by pill count and self-reports. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify the amount of HIV RNA in participants.

Results:
A total of 22 (25.0%) out of 88 adolescents had viral load assays of ≥1000 copies/ml despite being on first-line ART for a mean period of 5.70 ± 3.21 years. After enhanced adherence counselling (EAC) of three months, 10 (44.5%) of the 22 adolescents achieved viral suppression (<1000 copies/ml). Being tired of taking drugs was the major reason (41.1%) for non-adherance to ART. There were significant relationships between treatment failure and age (P = 0.010), gender (P = 0.024), socio-economic class (P = 0.020), orphan status (P = 0.010), type of ART (P = 0.008), HIV status disclosure (P ≤ 0.001), and sexual experience in the adolescent (P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion:
Viral suppression rate after EAC was low. There is a need to address modifiable factors that influence viral non-suppression in adolescents through adolescent-friendly and responsive services geared toward counselling, skill acquisition, and empowerment to help adolescents navigate this stage of life.
Post-transurethral resection of prostate urethral strictures
Authors: Sekar Hariharasudhan , Palaniyandi Velmurugan , Krishnamoorthy Sriram , Kumaresan Natarajan 
Published: October 2021

Objectives:
Post-transurethral resection of prostate urethral stricture (PTS) is a well-documented delayed complication following transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The aim is to analyze various risk factors of PTS and see if the overall incidence is underreported.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted in our institution between January 2017 and December 2018 in men who underwent TURP. Data obtained from the medical records department were analyzed. Statistical analysis was done using Fisher's exact test. A two-tailed P < 0.05 is considered statistically significant.

Results:
Of the 447 men who underwent TURP, 57 developed PTS. Fifteen of 334 patients who underwent calibration before the procedure developed stricture compared to 42 of 137 without calibration (P < 0.01). There was a significantly lesser incidence of stricture with 24 Fr resectoscope compared with 26 Fr sheath (P < 0.04). Two patients with 24 Fr Foley and 30 of 35 (86%) patients with 22 Fr Foley catheter developed stricture of urethra. Distal bulbar urethra was the most common site of narrowing following TURP. Eighteen patients had Salvaris swab placed for traction and 12 patients required full-thigh traction, of which majority developed meatal stenosis.

Conclusions:
TURP is one of the common surgical procedures performed by urologists. Meatitis and meatal stenosis, if included as complications of TURP, would increase the overall incidence of PTS. Factors such as the size of resectoscope sheath used, size of catheter inserted, placement of Salvaris swab traction, and preoperative calibration of urethra have a significant impact on the ultimate outcome.
Note: The Ebb and Flow of the Democratization Process in Africa
Authors: Byness Aschalew Ashagre 
Published: October 2021

Democracy and democratization are two faces of a coin, and democracy is unattainable in the absence of the democratization process. This note deals with some salient points regarding the processes, challenges and obstacles of democratization in Africa since the early 1960s. The roles of traditional institutions for democratization in Africa have also been highlighted. I argue that the democratization process in Africa is characterized by ebb and flow. There are various challenges and obstacles to democratization in spite of strong aspirations. Yet, Africa should strive hard to overcome these challenges and obstacles since it has no choice other than democratization.
The Effects of Leveled Reading on Second Language Learners
Authors: Alowais Aisha 
Published: October 2021

This study examines the significance of using leveled texts in the improvement of second language learners’ word recognition skills, accuracy and fluency. For this purpose, the research explores students’ readings levels, word identification and decoding skills, reading accuracy and reading fluency before and after the leveled reading program. In addition, the study investigates the English teachers’ perspectives about leveled reading and their outlook on parental. Lastly, the article explores parents’ views towards the impact of parental involvement towards child’s development. The research followed a mixed method research design, combining quantitative and qualitative data. The study was conducted in four elementary private schools in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. The findings showed steady growth in word recognition abilities and improved automaticity. Results from running records exhibited a substantial increase in accuracy. Fluency assessments displayed a rise in fluency rate and fluency scores. Implications from this study indicate the positive effects of readings at the frustration level. Therefore, it is encouraged to explore further the impact of providing challenging reading materials.
Maximizing Scalability in Literacy Game App Design for Minority Languages
Authors: Hemphill Christy , Hemphill Aaron 
Published: October 2021

Minority language communities lack access to educational technology that facilitates literacy skill building. The approach currently taken by most educational game app developers privileges widely spoken languages and often requires intensive resource investment. In response, a new game app was designed to provide easily localized, pedagogically appropriate games for literacy skill building. Scalability to multiple minority languages was possible through a programming design based on language packs that could be compiled by local implementation teams without specialized technical skills and without significant resource investment. We describe the scalability issues encountered when localizing the app for the initial ten minority language pilot groups and how a language-neutral app design that relies on language packs to specify language-specific content and parameters can adequately address these issues. When it comes to meeting the demands of growing education technology markets in underserved Indigenous and minority communities, localizing an app initially designed for maximum scalability is more feasible than investing significant resources converting apps custom designed for one language into new languages.
Factors influencing career paths in Infectious Disease and/or HIV pharmacy: An exploratory study of pharmacy school graduates
Authors: Childs-Kean Lindsey M. , Bhatt Sita , Egelund Eric F. 
Published: October 2021

Objective: This study aimed to determine what impact an elective course in HIV had on pursuing a speciality in Infectious Disease (ID) and/or Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pharmacy.
Methods: Graduates enrolled in an HIV elective in three subsequent years were recruited. A cross-sectional study assessed what career path participants chose post-graduation, what impact the elective had on their career path, and if they obtained the AAHIVE/AAHIVP credential using this elective to fulfil the credential’s educational requirement.
Results: Three hundred and twenty-five emails were sent to graduates. Sixty-eight (20.9%) participants responded. Ten of the respondents (14.7%) considered themselves to be practising in ID pharmacy and/or HIV pharmacy. Of these ten respondents, four indicated that taking the HIV elective made them more likely to become an ID or HIV pharmacy specialist; seven of those respondents became, or are planning to become, an AAHIVE/AAHIVP-credentialed pharmacist.
Conclusion: Taking an HIV elective may influence post-graduation career choices in this small cohort.
Montesquieu et Mme de Lambert : une année en manuscrits (1726)
Authors: Volpilhac-Auger Catherine 
Published: October 2021

La nouvelle édition de la correspondance de Montesquieu, désormais en libre accès en ligne pour la période 1700-1728 (Montesquieu. Bibliothèque & éditions, http://montesquieu.huma-num.fr), apporte son lot de révélations. Elle jette notamment un jour nouveau sur la publication en 1726 d’un ouvrage de Mme de Lambert, Avis d’une mère à son fils (ou Lettre sur la vraie gloire) : le processus de publication auquel Montesquieu a été associé implique deux de ses amis proches, Jean-Jacques Bel à Bordeaux et l’oratorien Desmolets à Paris ; ces relations éclairent en retour son activité en une année décisive où, renonçant à sa charge de président à mortier au parlement de Bordeaux, il devient une personnalité majeure du monde littéraire parisien.
La dispersion du livre aquitain en Europe
Authors: C. Montoya Alicia 
Published: October 2021

Quelle fut la diffusion du livre français régional et du livre aquitain dans les bibliothèques européennes ? Quels titres y trouve-t-on, et d’où proviennent-ils ? Nous répondons à ces questions en nous servant d’une base de données hébergeant 600 catalogues de bibliothèques privées vendues entre 1665 et 1830, MEDIATE (Measuring Enlightenment: Disseminating Ideas, Authors, and Texts in Europe). À partir d’une comparaison de la place du livre régional dans les bibliothèques françaises, aquitaines et européennes, nous montrons que le livre régional français est quasiment absent des petites bibliothèques européennes de notre corpus. Néanmoins, un certain nombre de tendances se laisse entrevoir : une teinte d’exotisme liée aux éditions aquitaines, voire bordelaises, le succès à l’étranger des commentaires de Robert Balfour et Foix-Candale, enfin le rôle clé joué par l’« internationale protestante » dans la diffusion européenne des livres issus des presses régionales françaises.
Peran Instagram sebagai Media Dakwah pada Masa Pandemi
Authors: Ar’Rayyan Farhan , Kamalludin Kamalludin , Suhendra Suhendra 
Published: October 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic is an abnormal condition that has an impact on various aspects of life ranging from social, educational, economic, including the impact on da'wah activities. Barriers to social interaction in the practice of syi'ar Islam are indirectly a problem that must be resolved. The use of social media is a possible alternative tool in the midst of current policies. One community that is able to adapt by utilizing social media as a medium of da'wah is the Penuntut Ilmu Bogor community. Therefore, in this study the researcher wanted to find out how the role of social media Instagram as a medium of da'wah during the pandemic and how the da'wah strategy was carried out by the community. The research method used is qualitative, with data collection techniques of observation, interviews and documentation. The results obtained in this study, Instagram social media as a medium of da’wah during the pandemic has various roles by utilizing the features contained in it, besides that Instagram acts as a communication medium, sharing media, charity media, promotional media and storage media. The da'wah strategy is divided into 3 stages, namely the planning stage, the implementation stage, and the assessment stage. there is a da’wah strategy used is da’wah bil hal, da’wah bil qolam and da’wah bil hal.
Manajemen Da’wah Rosulullah saw: Dalam Merubah Masyarakat
Authors: Ma'mun Sukron 
Published: October 2021

Syukron Ma’mun, M.Pd.I

Dari uraian diatas menunjukan bahwa ilmu manajemen sangatlah mendukung dalam keberlangsungan da’wah, agar da’wah itu dapat berjalan secara teratur dan sistematis serta meraih hasil yang memuaskan.

Dosen Pendidikan Agama Islam Institut Agama Islam Nasional (IAIN) Laa Roiba Bogor
Pendekatan Strategis Manufacturing Terpadu Dalam Industri dan TQM
Authors: Hanoum Farah Chalida , Kusumaningrum Ria 
Published: October 2021

The term integrated manufacturing is currently vogue and yet because of its poor definitation it is a concept which is difficult to apply. A strategic levell view of integrated manufacturing can provide a framework and some tools will be useful to the operating manager in thinking about integration. Meanwhile another way explaining the TQM revolution is to say that it focusses attention once new sense of time and relationship. Doing job right the first time requires investing resources in understanding system and enabling people to improve processes continually. TQM asks to focus an increasing quality of what is produced. The result of this different sense of time is usually a larger qualy and better quality. The new same of time goes hand in hand wuth a rethinking most important in organizations first and fore most, the relationship with employees must be rethought. Employees, according to TQM want responsibility, want to learn and improve and to demonstrate self-mastery and achievement. This is a far cry from treating employees as than who need to be helped and motivated to produce quality goods and services.
Learning Supervision as Implementation of Learning Leadership at MTs Nurul Huda Bogor City
Authors: Sukriyatun Gunarti 
Published: October 2021

Teachers as determinants of the success of the learning process in schools/madrasahs have a very important role. In its activities the teacher must carry out several efforts so that the planned learning objectives are achieved. Various plans and preparations made in the learning process must be evaluated programmatically and continuously. One of the evaluation methods is the supervision of learning carried out by the principal/madrasah. With the supervision of learning, it is possible to know the problems that arise as well as find ways to solve the problems that exist in learning. Learning supervision is carried out as well as the implementation of learning leadership carried out by the principal/madrasah. From the results of the performance assessment of the head of Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) Nurul Huda Bogor City, it was found that the supervision of teachers and education staff obtained a score of 42 out of a maximum score of 44 or 95.45%. The performance indicators of the head of madrasa in carrying out supervision are met with complete data support. Thus efforts to make changes in learning towards improvement will be realized.
Keyword: supervision; learning; Islamic school; leadership.
Revisiting a Hypothesis: Tracing Early Buddhist Heritage in Central-Eastern Europe
Authors: Puskas Khetani Katalin 
Published: October 2021

The following paper is a revisitation of a hypothesized cultural connection between the Szekler gates, predominantly from Transylvania (in the Carpathian Basin), and the Sacred gate tradition found across Asia. The structure of this paper is built upon three different approaches: firstly, the recent publications and historical records on this topic; secondly the ethnographical similarities in function and symbolism between the Szekler gates and the gateways found across Asia; and thirdly the observable similarities and analogies between the ornaments and symbols used on Szekler gates and other Asian gateway structures are examined. This article aims to investigate if the observable analogies and similarities are just the result of a strange coincidence, or if there is indeed a cultural connection between the Szekler gate and the similar constructions across Asia as hypothesized by several 19th and early 20th-century researchers of the topic.
Impact of NPIs for COVID-19 on Other Infectious Diseases and Mental Illnesses in South Korea
Authors: Noh Hyun Seo , Kim Mi Sung 
Published: October 2021

Due to COVID-19, high-intensity nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are implemented and these regulations may trigger changes in the incidence of other infectious diseases. The goal is to determine the impact of NPIs on other infectious diseases and mental illnesses in South Korea. Data were collected from an open-source dataset concerning NPIs covering the period of January 2018 to July 2020. The data comprised average daily mask production volume and number of companies newly authorized to offer disinfection and sterilization services, and numbers of patients with sentinel surveillance infectious disease and mental illness. This study compared changes in NPIs and incidence of infectious diseases and mental illnesses before and after the COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea.
In 2020, the average daily mask production volume and the number of companies newly authorized to offer disinfection and sterilization services markedly increased following the virus outbreak (380% and > 94.8–99.5%, respectively). Meanwhile, the incidence of respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases declined, including those of influenza (49–55%), acute respiratory infection (78–79%), hand-foot-and-mouth disease (84–94%), enterovirus (94–97%), and intestinal infectious disease (36–40%). The weekly incidence of sexually transmitted diseases in 2020 remained constant regardless of the COVID-19 outbreak. Meanwhile, the number of outpatients increased by 7–16% for depressive episodes, 5–12% for other anxiety disorders, and 10–28% for sleep disorders. NPIs significantly reduced the incidence of respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases and negatively affected mental health. Therefore, while NPIs should be continued to prevent the spread of infections, systematic policies must be enacted to support mental health.
The Effect of Ligands on Noble Metal Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems to the Brain
Authors: Shroff Shailee , Curtis Chad 
Published: October 2021

metal nanoparticles have been used to address these diseases in the brain, however very few of these formulations have made it through clinical trials. This review will be discussing the role of noble metal nanoparticles as drug delivery systems specifically to the brain. A common problem many researchers and clinical physicians are facing problems because they are unable to access the brain without highly invasive surgery. Nanoparticles allow access to the brain without invasive surgery. Noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs) are of particular interest because of their inherent characteristics which are amplified or reduced by ligands. The various ligands available change the method of transportation for a NMNPs traveling through the blood barrier. We will examine various ligands and their benefits and potential drawbacks. Furthermore, the optimal usage for each ligand and associated nanoparticle will also be examined.
This review will go into detail about pure noble metal nanoparticle, glucose, PEG, CTAB, Transferrin, Anti-Microbial Peptide, and Chitosan as coatings. All of these are commonly used among researchers. The absorptivity into various cell types in the brain along with future implications will be examined.
Mathematical Modeling of the Origami Navel Shell
Authors: Kaur Gurmeher , Soong Crystal , Kaur Jasleen 
Published: October 2021

The well-known Nautilus shell has been modeled extensively both by mathematicians and origamists. However, there is wide disagreement on the best-fitting mathematical model — partly because there is significant variability across different Nautilus Shells found in nature, and no single model can describe all of them well. Origami structures, however, have precise repeatable folding instructions, and do not exhibit such variability. Ironically, no known mathematical models exist for these structures. In this research, we mathematically model a prominent origami design, the Navel Shell by Tomoko Fuse, believed to be based on the Nautilus.
We use first-principles geometric and trigonometric constructs for developing a non-smooth Geometric Model of the ideal origami spiral. We then search for the best-fitting parametric smooth spiral approximation, by formulating the fitting problem as a minimization problem over four unknowns. We write a Python computer program for searching the space numerically. Our evaluations show that: (i) the Smooth spiral is an excellent fit for the Geometric Model; (ii) our models for Origami Navel Shell are different from prior mathematical models for the Nautilus shell, but they come close to a recent model for a rare species of Nautilus; (iii) the Geometric Model explains the outer edges of origami images quite well and helps identify construction errors in the inner edges; and (iv) the Smooth Model helps understand how well the ideal Navel Shell matches different variants of the Nautilus species. We hope our research lays the foundation for further mathematical modeling of origami structures.