bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A theoretical study of the bond-dissociation enthalpies (BDH), N–R bond lengths and proton affinities of N-substituted pyrroles, imidazoles and pyrazoles with R substituents along the periodic table
Authors: Alkorta Ibon , Elguero José 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The properties (geometry, bond-dissociation enthalpies and proton affinities) of three azoles, pyrrole, imidazole and pyrazole, with twenty-two N-substituents R covering a significant part of the periodic table [1 (lithium group, alkaline), 2 (beryllium group, alkaline earth), 13 (boron group, triel), 14 (carbon group, tetrel), 15 (nitrogen group, pnictogen), 16 (oxygen group, chalcogen) and 17 (fluorine group, halogen) of the periods 2, 3 and 4 plus the hydrogen] have been calculated with the G4 composite ab initio method. These three properties were discussed with regard to the azole and to the group R using as model compound the amines H2N–R. The large set of compounds and their consistency allowed finding many equations that related different calculated properties. General properties such as bond-dissociation enthalpies, BDH, N–R bond lengths and proton affinities were tested in search of simple equations that explain the calculated properties.

Graphical abstract
Retinoblastoma and beyond: pediatric orbital mass lesions
Authors: Rumboldt Zoran , Dodig Doris , Galluzzi Paolo , Brumini Ivan , Clarke Rebekah , Singh Sumit , Rossi Andrea 
Published: December 2024

AbstractVarious space occupying lesions can arise in the orbit, ranging from developmental anomalies to malignancies, and many of the diseases occurring in children are different from the pathologies in the adult population. As the clinical presentation is frequently nonspecific, radiologic evaluation is essential for lesion detection and characterization as well as patient management. While orbital masses may in some cases involve multiple compartments, a simple compartmental approach is the key for the diagnosis on imaging studies, and MRI is the modality of choice. This pictorial review presents the most common and characteristic non-emergent pediatric orbital lesions, stressing their MRI and CT appearances, including specific differentiating features. The lesions are subdivided into 4 compartments: intraocular, intraconal, extraconal, and orbital walls. Retinoblastoma, Coats disease and persistent fetal vasculature; optic pathway glioma and lymphovascular malformations; rhabdomyosarcoma, infantile hemangioma, neurofibroma and lymphoma; neuroblastoma, leukemia/myeloid sarcoma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis and dermoid are reviewed in their respective compartments.
Thermodynamic modeling of the Mn–Si–O system
Authors: de Abreu D. A. , Fabrichnaya O. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this study, the thermodynamic parameters of the Mn–Si–O system were re-evaluated using the CALPHAD approach. Available experimental data on phase equilibria were taken into account and thermodynamic properties such as heat capacity, standard entropy and standard enthalpy were reproduced within uncertainties. Three ternary compounds are found to be stable in the Mn–Si–O system: rhodonite (MnSiO$$_3$$

3

), braunite (Mn$$_7$$

7

SiO$$_{12}$$

12

) and tephroite (Mn$$_2$$

2

SiO$$_4$$

4

). Braunite was modeled by CEF, while tephroite and rhodonite were modeled as stoichiometric compounds. Two-sublattice partially ionic liquid model was used to describe the liquid phase. The braunite phase exhibits a homogeneity range and can dissolve Mn$$_2$$

2

O$$_3$$

3

in some extension. Phase diagrams for the MnO–SiO$$_2$$

2

system in the presence of metallic Mn and the MnO$$_x$$

x

–SiO$$_2$$

2

system in air were calculated and showed good agreement with existing literature data. The thermodynamic parameters were evaluated to describe the experimental data over the entire compositional range of the system.
Three-dimensional density measurement around a Hayabusa re-entry capsule model in the ballistic range
Authors: Yamagishi Masato , Ota Masanori , Ohtani Kiyonobu , Nagai Hiroki 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Three-dimensional density measurement around a Hayabusa re-entry capsule model using the background-oriented schlieren (BOS) technique is carried out in the ballistic range at the Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University. A Hayabusa re-entry capsule model with a diameter of 15 mm is used for a projectile, and the Mach number was 1.20. A method of model Position and Pose detection from BOS images was proposed for a capsule model, and unsteady flow field measurement around a free-flight test model was conducted. From the results, we succeeded in measuring the three-dimensional density distribution around a capsule model and visualizing the detailed structure in the wake region.
A modified Radiographic Union Score for Tibia (RUST) scoring system for patella fractures treated with osteosynthesis shows excellent intra und interobserver reliability
Authors: Lenz Julia Elisabeth , Huber Lorenz , Szymski Dominik , Alt Volker , Rupp Markus , Weber Johannes 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Patellar fractures are rare at 1% incidence of all fractures. However, they can cause significant functional impairments due to the patella’s role in knee joint extension. Current scoring systems lack objectivity in assessing patellar healing. This study aims to validate the Radiographic Union Score for Tibia (RUST) using biplanar radiographs for assessing surgically treated patellar fractures.

Materials and methods
A retrospective analysis of radiological follow-up examinations was conducted on patients undergoing surgical treatment for patellar fractures from January 1st 2013, to June 30th 2023. Thirty patients were randomly selected, yielding 105 postoperative X-rays representing various healing stages. The modified Radiographic Union Score for Tibia (RUST) was applied to these X-rays by three independent trauma surgeons. Radiological follow-up examinations were randomized, pseudonymized, and stored on a hospital server for blinded assessment by three raters. The modified RUST assessed continuity of patellar borders and cortexes, assigning scores based on cortical bridging. Interobserver and intraobserver reliability were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), adhering to recommended sample size criteria and interpretation guidelines.

Results
The mean modified RUST was 9.1 ± 2.2 points, with scores ranging from 4 to 12 points. The interobserver intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.81–0.92) and the intraobserver ICC were 0.6 (95% CI, 0.65–0.84), 0.80 (95% CI, 0.71–0.87) and 0.98 (0.98–0.99) respectively, which indicated good to excellent agreement.

Conclusions
This study validated the Radiographic Union Score for Tibia (RUST) for evaluating bone healing in patellar fractures treated with osteosynthesis, demonstrating good intra- and interobserver reliability. The modified RUST can provide a standardized method for assessing healing in patellar fractures, benefiting both clinical practice and clinical trials.
A stratified treatment algorithm in psychiatry: a program on stratified pharmacogenomics in severe mental illness (Psych-STRATA): concept, objectives and methodologies of a multidisciplinary project funded by Horizon Europe
Authors: Baune B. T. , Fromme S. E. , Aberg M. , Adli M. , Afantitis A. , Akkouh I. , Andreassen O. A. , Angulo C. , Barlati S. , Brasso C. , Bucci P. , Budde M. , Buspavanich P. , Cavone V. , Demyttenaere K. , Diaz-Caneja C. M. , Dierssen M. , Djurovic S. , Driessen M. , Ebner-Priemer U. W. , Engelmann J. , Englisch S. , Fabbri C. , Fossati P. , Fröhlich H. , Gasser S. , Gottlieb N. , Heirman E. , Hofer A. , Howes O. , Ilzarbe L. , Jeung-Maarse H. , Kessing L. V. , Kockler T. D. , Landén M. , Levi L. , Lieb K. , Lorenzon N. , Luykx J. , Manchia M. , Martinez de Lagran M. , Minelli A. , Moreno C. , Mucci A. , Müller-Myhsok B. , Nilsson P. , Okhuijsen-Pfeifer C. , Papavasileiou K. D. , Papiol S. , Pardinas A. F. , Paribello P. , Pisanu C. , Potier M. -C. , Reif A. , Ricken R. , Ripke S. , Rocca P. , Scherrer D. , Schiweck C. , Schubert K. O. , Schulze T. G. , Serretti A. , Squassina A. , Stephan C. , Tsoumanis A. , Van der Eycken E. , Vieta E. , Vita A. , Walters J. T. R. , Weichert D. , Weiser M. , Willcocks I. R. , Winter-van Rossum I. , Young A. H. , Ziller M. J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSchizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar (BD) and major depression disorder (MDD) are severe psychiatric disorders that are challenging to treat, often leading to treatment resistance (TR). It is crucial to develop effective methods to identify and treat patients at risk of TR at an early stage in a personalized manner, considering their biological basis, their clinical and psychosocial characteristics. Effective translation of theoretical knowledge into clinical practice is essential for achieving this goal. The Psych-STRATA consortium addresses this research gap through a seven-step approach. First, transdiagnostic biosignatures of SCZ, BD and MDD are identified by GWAS and multi-modal omics signatures associated with treatment outcome and TR (steps 1 and 2). In a next step (step 3), a randomized controlled intervention study is conducted to test the efficacy and safety of an early intensified pharmacological treatment. Following this RCT, a combined clinical and omics-based algorithm will be developed to estimate the risk for TR. This algorithm-based tool will be designed for early detection and management of TR (step 4). This algorithm will then be implemented into a framework of shared treatment decision-making with a novel mental health board (step 5). The final focus of the project is based on patient empowerment, dissemination and education (step 6) as well as the development of a software for fast, effective and individualized treatment decisions (step 7). The project has the potential to change the current trial and error treatment approach towards an evidence-based individualized treatment setting that takes TR risk into account at an early stage.
Comparing adolescent glomerular disease clinical outcomes to the clinical outcomes in childhood, young adult, and adult-onset glomerular disease in the CureGN database
Authors: Garrity Kelly , Putnam Nathaniel , Kamil Elaine S. , Massengill Susan , Khalid Myda , Srivastava Rachana , Isaacs Jaya , Salmon Eloise 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
There is a lack of evidence to suggest that outcomes of adolescent and adult-onset glomerular disease differ. Still, most glomerular disease trials include adults but exclude adolescents.

Methods
We designed a retrospective study using the CureGN database to compare individuals with adolescent-onset glomerular disease relative to individuals with older and younger age at onset. The two main outcomes were sustained proteinuria remission off immunosuppression treatment and composite eGFR decline.

Results
Our data did not show a significant difference in sustained proteinuria remission off treatment or composite eGFR decline between adolescent onset glomerular disease and either childhood (age 5–12), young adult (age 20–29), or adult (age 30–39) onset glomerular disease. Having high-risk APOL1 alleles and hypertension at the time of study enrollment decreased the likelihood of achieving sustained proteinuria remission off treatment. While participants with minimal change disease and IgA nephropathy were similarly likely to achieve sustained proteinuria remission off treatment, participants with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and membranous nephropathy were less likely to achieve sustained proteinuria remission off treatment compared to participants with minimal change disease. CKD stage, high-risk APOL1 alleles, hypertension stage, and education all significantly impacted the likelihood of progression to the composite eGFR decline outcome.

Conclusions
Approximately 25% of each age cohort reached the composite eGFR decline outcome within 5 years. As more glomerular disease clinical trials become available, we must consider opening these trials to people with childhood and adolescent onset disease since like adults they are at high risk of progressive kidney function decline.

Graphical abstract
A power hardware-in-the-loop test bench for emulation of test scenarios and mission profiles for high-power DC charging stations
Authors: Kleutgens P. H. Julius , Hagemann Lars , Meißen Anton , Mortimer Benedict J. , De Doncker Rik W. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a power hardware-in-the-loop test bench for high-power DC charging stations for battery electric vehicles. The test bench emulates the three-phase grid and the behavior of the electric vehicle battery, creating a dynamic and flexible testing environment. The employed grid emulator allows for reproducible testing of various grid conditions. The introduced grid conditions include the nominal three-phase grid and selected grid faults. The presented grid fault test scenarios of superimposed harmonic content of the grid voltage, voltage sags and short-term supply interruption enable testing of the charging station for resilience to these fault conditions. The significance of these test scenarios for high-power DC chargers is outlined and derived using standards. The reproducible execution of these scenarios allows the characterization and iterative adaption of the DC charging station during development to increase the resilience to these grid faults. The battery emulator enables the emulation of different battery system voltages, cell characteristics and aged batteries simultaneously to the employed AC grid scenarios. Measurements are conducted using the test bench and an industry grade high-power DC charger presenting the impact of the proposed test scenarios on the output charging current. The results show a significant dependency of the charging current ripple on the grid fault event magnitude, proving the significance of suitable testing environments for compliance with standards and for decreasing the susceptibility of the charging process to grid faults.
Efficacy and safety of rituximab in primary IgA nephropathy: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Jingzhen , Nie Zhenyu , Li Guofu , Bao Beiyan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rituximab (RTX) in primary IgA nephropathy (IgAN).

Methods
A retrospective review was conducted on the medical records of 22 patients diagnosed with primary IgAN who received RTX treatment. The clinical data, including blood tests, urine examinations and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), were analyzed at four time point: baseline, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months. Adverse events were also recorded.

Results
Our study included 9 male and 13 female participants. The level of serum albumin significantly increased after three months with RTX applied (P < 0.01). Furthermore, we observed a significant reduction in microalbuminuria and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio at twelve months (P < 0.01). However, there was no change in serum creatinine (P = 0.08), urinary red blood cell (P = 0.11) or eGFR (P = 0.09) during the course of one year. Two cases achieved complete remission, while eleven cases experienced partial remission, resulting in an overall remission rate of 50.0%. During the treatment period, three patients developed infections and two patients encountered infusion-related adverse reactions.

Conclusion
In our retrospective study, RTX demonstrated a significant improvement in serum albumin levels and a reduction in proteinuria among primary IgAN patients. Although no statistically significant difference was observed in terms of renal function, there was an observable trend towards improvement. Therefore, we propose that RTX may be an alternative treatment option for primary IgAN patients who cannot tolerate glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants.
Improved phosphorus MRSI acquisition through compressed sensing acceleration combined with low-rank reconstruction
Authors: Songeon Julien , Lazeyras François , Agius Thomas , Dabrowski Oscar , Ruttimann Raphael , Toso Christian , Longchamp Alban , Klauser Antoine , Courvoisier Sebastien 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (31P-MRSI) is a non-invasive tool for assessing cellular high-energy metabolism in-vivo. However, its acquisition suffers from a low sensitivity, which necessitates large voxel sizes or multiple averages to achieve an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), resulting in long scan times.

Materials and methods
To overcome these limitations, we propose an acquisition and reconstruction scheme for FID-MRSI sequences. Specifically, we employed Compressed Sensing (CS) and Low-Rank (LR) with Total Generalized Variation (TGV) regularization in a combined CS–LR framework. Additionally, we used a novel approach to k-space undersampling that utilizes distinct pseudo-random patterns for each average. To evaluate the proposed method’s performance, we performed a retrospective analysis on healthy volunteers’ brains and ex-vivo perfused kidneys.

Results
The presented method effectively improves the SNR two-to-threefold while preserving spectral and spatial quality even with threefold acceleration. We were able to recover signal attenuation of anatomical information, and the SNR improvement was obtained while maintaining the metabolites peaks linewidth.

Conclusions
We presented a novel combined CS–LR acceleration and reconstruction method for FID-MRSI sequences, utilizing a unique approach to k-space undersampling. Our proposed method has demonstrated promising results in enhancing the SNR making it applicable for reducing acquisition time.
Nonstructural landslide mitigation of the Republic of Korea
Authors: Eu Song , Seo Junpyo , Lee Kihwan , Woo Choongshik , Lee Changwoo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Landslides are major forest disasters in the Republic of Korea that result in significant loss of life and property damage. Since the 1980s, the National Institute of Forest Science has conducted various studies on nonstructural landslide mitigation, including early warning systems and susceptibility mapping, to reduce damage induced by landslides. A landslide early warning system based on the TANK model was developed and used for decision-making on the preparedness level and for ordering evacuations for local people. A nationwide 5-level landslide susceptibility map was developed based on logistic regression in the 2010s, considering geological, geographical, and forest characteristics. In addition, we provide primary data for determining evacuation priorities by developing debris-flow hazard zonation and societal vulnerability assessments in that area. For public awareness, all of this information is provided through the WebGIS platform “Landslide Information System.”
Farmers’ perceptions of the practices, benefits and challenges of on-farm tree planting in Akure, Nigeria
Authors: Olatujoye Folasade , Oluwajuwon Tomiwa V. , Olasuyi Kehinde E. , Bukoye Joel A. , Bodunde Tolulope O. , Oke David O. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
On-farm tree planting is recommended to enhance agricultural productivity while promoting ecological conservation and providing socio-economic benefits. However, limited studies distinguish this practice from other agroforestry methods, particularly in evaluating its adoption, benefits, and constraints. This study assessed farmers’ perceptions of on-farm tree planting in Akure, Nigeria, through a survey of 100 respondents across four communities. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires and field observations and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, and the logit model. Findings revealed that 57% of respondents were male, 62% were self-employed, and 42% had over 25 years of farming experience. Most farmers acquired land through purchase (36%) or inheritance (24%), with 86% practising on-farm tree planting. Timber species dominated, with fewer fruit trees, deviating from common reports. Farmers were primarily motivated by direct benefits such as timber (27%), improved crop productivity (25%), shade, building materials, firewood, fruits, and medicinal uses. Ecosystem services like soil protection, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration also motivated farmers. However, around 60% of farmers noted that tree planting negatively affected farming activities, limiting the practice's broader adoption. Other major challenges were inadequate technical support, lack of credit, limited knowledge, land tenure issues, and tree interactions with crops and animals. Adoption of tree planting was significantly associated with farmers’ age, education level, household size, employment status, land ownership, farming experience, and perceptions. Age, education, and employment status were the most influential factors. Addressing these challenges and enhancing the perceived benefits are crucial for wider adoption and upscaling of on-farm tree planting.
Effects of vaginal estrogen on serum estradiol during aromatase inhibitor therapy in breast cancer patients with vulvovaginal atrophy: a prospective trial
Authors: Faltinová Mária , Vehmanen Leena , Lyytinen Heli , Savolainen-Peltonen Hanna , Virtanen Anni , Haanpää Mikko , Hämäläinen Esa , Tiitinen Aila , Mattson Johanna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to analyze changes in serum estradiol (E2) levels during concurrent vaginal estradiol therapy and adjuvant letrozole in postmenopausal breast cancer (BC) patients with vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA). Secondary objectives included assessing the effects of therapy on vaginal atrophy, quality of life (QoL) and menopause-related symptoms.

Methods
20 postmenopausal patients undergoing adjuvant letrozole therapy and experiencing VVA symptoms were treated with vaginal estradiol for 12 weeks. Gynecologic examination and symptom screening were conducted at baseline and after 12 weeks. Serum E2 levels were analyzed at baseline, and at two, four, eight, and 12 weeks. E2 levels were measured using both a routine liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method and a highly sensitive (hsE2-MS) LC–MS/MS method.

Results
At baseline, serum E2 levels, measured with hsE2-MS, were below the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) in all patients. E2 remained below LLOQ throughout the treatment period in three patients (15%). Persistent E2 elevation above LLOQ was observed in six patients (30%), while isolated E2 elevations occurred in 10 patients (50%). One patient experienced transient E2 elevation in two sporadic measurements. Serum E2 variations were shown by using both LC–MS/MS methods. Vaginal pH, vaginal maturation index (VMI), and VVA symptoms significantly improved during treatment.

Conclusion
Intravaginal estradiol therapy (10ug) during adjuvant letrozole resulted in transient increases in systemic E2 levels among early BC patients with VVA. Highly sensitive LC–MS/MS is a promising method for monitoring E2 levels during aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy.