bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of wound healing and patient comfort in partial‐thickness burn wounds treated with SUPRATHEL and epictehydro wound dressings
Authors: Schiefer Jennifer Lynn , Aretz Genoveva Friederike , Fuchs Paul Christian , Bagheri Mahsa , Funk Martin , Schulz Alexandra , Daniels Marc 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAmong the available dressings for partial‐thickness burn wound treatment, SUPRATHEL has shown good usability and effectiveness for wound healing and patient comfort and has been used in many burn centres in the last decade. Recently, bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) has become popular for the treatment of wounds, and many studies have demonstrated its efficacy. epicitehydro, consisting of BNC and 95% water, is a promising product and has recently been introduced in numerous burn centres. To date, no studies including direct comparisons to existing products like SUPRATHEL have been conducted. Therefore, we aimed to compare epicitehydro to SUPRATHEL in the treatment of partial‐thickness burns. Twenty patients with partial‐thickness burns affecting more than 0.5% of their total body surface area (TBSA) were enrolled in this prospective, unicentric, open, comparative, intra‐individual clinical study. After debridement, the wounds were divided into two areas: one was treated with SUPRATHEL and the other with epicitehydro. Wound healing, infection, bleeding, exudation, dressing changes, and pain were documented. The quality of the scar tissue was assessed subjectively using the Patient and Observer Scar Scale. Wound healing in patients with a mean TBSA of 9.2% took 15 to 16 days for both treatments without dressing changes. All wounds showed minimal exudation, and patients reported decreased pain with the only significant difference between the two dressings on day 1. No infection or bleeding occurred in any of the wounds. Regarding scar evaluation, SUPRATHEL and epicitehydro did not differ significantly. Both wound dressings were easy to use, were highly flexible, created a safe healing environment, had similar effects on pain reduction, and showed good cosmetic and functional results without necessary dressing changes. Therefore, epicitehydro can be used as an alternative to SUPRATHEL for the treatment of partial‐thickness burn wounds.
Low‐temperature stress during the flowering period alters the source–sink relationship and grain quality in field‐grown late‐season rice
Authors: Huang Min , Cao Jialin , Liu Yu , Zhang Mingyu , Hu Liqin , Xiao Zhengwu , Chen Jiana , Cao Fangbo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLate‐season rice, a major contributor to the production of high‐quality rice in China, often experiences low temperatures during the flowering period. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of low temperature stress on grain quality and to identify related physiological factors in late‐season rice. Sink and source characteristics and grain quality traits of two high‐quality late‐season rice cultivars were compared between a year in which low temperatures occurred during the flowering period (2020) and a normal year (2019) under field conditions. Low temperatures during the flowering period in 2020 resulted in a reduction in spikelet filling and consequent increases in source–sink ratios and grain weight and N content compared to 2019. The head rice rate and protein content of the milled rice were increased in 2020 compared to 2019. Starch gel consistency and peak, trough, breakdown, final, and consistency viscosities were reduced while setback viscosity, paste temperature, and texture properties (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, resilience, and chewiness) were increased for milled rice (or milled rice flour or cooked milled rice) in 2020 compared to 2019. The glucose production rate and total glucose production from in vitro digestion of cooked milled rice was reduced in 2020 compared to 2019. The results of this study suggest that low temperature stress during the flowering period can improve milling, nutritional, and health qualities but reduce the cooking and eating quality in late‐season rice by altering the source–sink relationship.
Affective disgust predicts blame for gay male homicide victims
Authors: Quinn Elizabeth A. , Skinner‐Dorkenoo Allison L. , Wages James E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFor certain crimes there is a tendency in the United States to blame individuals for their victimization. Previous work has shown that affective states can impact blame attribution. Drawing upon this work, the purpose of the current pre‐registered research was to examine the relation between affective disgust and victim blame attribution. In Study 1, as participants’ (N = 203) level of implicit disgust associations with gay men increased, their tendency to blame a gay male homicide victim also increased, whereas their agreement that the homicide qualified as a hate crime decreased. In Study 2, disgust was experimentally induced by exposing participants (N = 431) to disgusting (e.g., vomit, insects) or neutral images (e.g., mug, stapler). Inducing disgust increased victim blame and decreased perceptions that the homicide constituted a hate crime. However, exploratory mediation analyses in both studies showed that the impact of disgust on hate crime applications is best explained as an indirect effect of victim blame. Taken together, these findings suggest that both individual differences in implicit gay‐disgust and situational feelings of disgust may underlie people’s perceptions of how blameworthy a victim is for the crime committed against them.
Clinician perspectives on implementing a team‐based metacognitive strategy training approach to stroke rehabilitation
Authors: Hunt Anne W. , Allen Kay‐Ann , Dittmann Katherine , Linkewich Elizabeth , Donald Michelle , Hutter Jennifer , Patel Alexandra , McEwen Sara 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe objective of this research study was to explore site and clinician specific experiences, successes and challenges in implementing a complex intervention (cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance approach) to enhance stroke team's ability to address cognitive impairments as part of comprehensive stroke rehabilitation.MethodsA focus group was held with clinicians from five study sites, all rehabilitation stroke hospitals in a large urban setting, to discuss implementation experiences. Participants were clinicians (site champions) from each of the five participating stroke program study sites and included four occupational therapists, three physiotherapists and one speech‐language pathologist. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes that represented clinicians' perspectives.ResultsImplementing this complex team‐based intervention was influenced by three themes—organizational support, experiential evidence, and clinicians' perspectives. Continued implementation of the intervention following the withdrawal of study support was represented on a continuum that ranged from not using the approach at all to implementing it with all patients. Sites where managers encouraged and supported use of the intervention within teams (organization support), continued to use it after the study support period as did clinicians who were willing to try new interventions (clinicians' perspectives). Development of iterative conclusions through implementation or attempts to implement the intervention had both positive and negative effects on continued implementation (experiential evidence).ConclusionsStrategies that reinforce development of positive experiential evidence and building organizational support for innovative practice were found to be useful adjuncts in facilitating implementation of complex interprofessional interventions.
Family members' experience improves with care preference documentation in home based primary care
Authors: Levy Cari , Esmaeili Aryan , Smith Dawn , Hogikyan Robert , Periyakoil Vyjeyanthi , Carpenter Joan G. , Sales Anne , Ersek Mary 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Veterans Health Administration (VA) implemented the comprehensive life‐sustaining treatment (LST) Decisions Initiative to provide training and standardize documentation of goals of care and LST preferences for seriously ill Veterans to improve end‐of‐life (EOL) outcomes. LST documentation is expected for all Home‐Based Primary Care (HBPC) Veterans because they are at high risk of hospitalization and mortality.MethodsA retrospective, cross‐sectional analysis compared associations between Bereaved Family Survey (BFS) EOL care ratings and LST documentation. Participants were Veterans who died August 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019 in one of 55 VA HBPC programs. Regression modeling generated odds for key BFS outcomes. LST template completion rate was plotted by month to understand the interaction between time, LST completion rate, and EOL care family ratings.ResultsLST preferences were documented for 39% of HBPC Veterans. Family members rated overall EOL care as excellent for 53% of Veterans but significant divergence in BFS ratings occurred during the last 7 months of the study with 60% of family members of LST completers rating care as excellent compared with 48% for Veterans lacking LST documentation (p = 0.003). The adjusted odds of rating overall care in the final month of life as excellent was higher among those with a completed LST template (1.64 95% CI 1.19, 2.26).ConclusionsHigher rates of LST documentation were associated with more favorable ratings of EOL but not in initial months following implementation of the comprehensive initiative; however, LST documentation rates were lower than expected among HBPC Veterans. Following an initial period of implementation of a comprehensive national initiative to promote Veteran choice about care during serious illness, documented LST preferences were associated with better family ratings of EOL care. HBPC clinicians may improve the bereaved family experience by using LSDTI tools and training to elicit and document preferences.
‘What about the poor people's rights?’ The dismantling of social citizenship through access to justice and welfare reform policy
Authors: SIGAFOOS JENNIFER , ORGAN JAMES 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRecent extensive reforms to the welfare system and concurrent reduction in the provision of free legal advice have had a major impact on the meaning of social citizenship. This article examines this changed meaning, drawing mainly on the findings of a study funded by the Equality and Human Rights Commission into the impact of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012. The study provides evidence of the interrelationship between civil and social rights, and of how the changes to legal advice provision have had a negative impact on the ability of citizens to establish or enforce welfare rights. The effect is a perception that the state is failing to uphold its end of a reciprocal bargain with its citizens. We argue that limited reciprocity and inclusion, along with distrust in the system, have profound implications for social and civil rights, undermine the state's political legitimacy, and are causing the dismantling of social citizenship.
Spatial organization of dinoflagellate genomes: Novel insights and remaining critical questions
Authors: Lin Senjie , Song Bo , Morse David 
Published: August 2021

As is true for many other aspects, genome architecture, evolution, and function in dinoflagellates are enigmatic and, in the meantime, continuous inspiration for scientific quests. Recent third‐generation sequencing and Hi‐C linkage analyses brought new insights into the spatial organization of symbiodiniacean genomes, revealing the topologically associated domains, discrete gene clusters and their cis and trans orientations, and relationships with transcription. Where do these new findings bring us in dinoflagellate genomics? Here, we aim to place these new results in the backdrop of the long history of research on this topic and in the context of what critical questions remain to be pursued in the future. The new data suggest, pending verification of other complete chromosome assemblies, a potential evolutionary trend in chromosome number decrease and length increase within the Symbiodiniaceae. While questions remain about the mechanics of the three‐dimensional chromosome structure and cell cycle‐related DNA replication, the mechanisms of gene transcription and genome size evolution, these latest findings set new starting points for further inquiries.
Making sense of the new: Progress of modernity in colonial Odisha (1866–1916) Part I
Authors: Satpathy Sumanyu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe article is in two parts. The first part tries to make an intervention in the ongoing debates on modernity. Based on extensive archival research on the numerous discussions and debates around questions of the ‘new kind of newness’, in the nascent Odia print public‐sphere, it offers a detailed analysis of the advent of modernity in colonial Odisha. It works under the premise that since much of the Anglophone analysis of modernity in specific historical periods is conducted in non‐vernacular idioms, the discourse itself does not remain uncontaminated by the historical baggage of the source cultures. Instead, this article prefers to bring into focus and analyse extant discourses in the vernacular to understand how the new Odia elite responded to Euromoderity when it impacted their culture under colonial hegemony. Beginning with the earliest discussions of newness in education, technology, medicine, notions of enlightenment and reason, and new literary genres, the Odia elite used such terms as bartaman, navya, nutana etc. as adjectives to refer to the newness. Soon, the term adhunik (for modern) came into vogue; but, the earliest deployment of this term was rather tentative, and began to stabilize around the turn of the century. This in itself tells the story of the uncertain steps Euromodernity takes in the colonial context. The analysis focuses on understanding how the cognitive and empirical aspects of modernity are understood in the Odia vernacular, as it tries to trace the progress of modernity in the Odia‐speaking tracts. It looks to identify the moment of rupture in Odisha that changed the way the Odia elite saw themselves. The second part to follow will examine such questions as the possible co‐existence of tradition and modernity; contradictions involved in the reception of modernity and whether Euromodernity itself remains unchanged in its new location.
Optimal investment for retail investors
Authors: Belak Christoph , Mich Lukas , Seifried Frank T. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe study optimal portfolio decisions for a retail investor that faces a strictly positive transaction cost in a classical Black‐Scholes market. We provide a construction of optimal trading strategies and characterize the value function as the unique viscosity solution of the associated quasi‐variational inequalities. Moreover, we numerically investigate the optimal trading regions for a variety of real‐world cost structures faced by retail investors. We find that the cost structure has a strong effect on the qualitative shape of the no‐trading region and optimal strategies.
Distributionally robust portfolio maximization and marginal utility pricing in one period financial markets
Authors: Obłój Jan , Wiesel Johannes 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe consider the optimal investment and marginal utility pricing problem of a risk averse agent and quantify their exposure to model uncertainty. Specifically, we compute explicitly the first‐order sensitivity of their value function, optimal investment policy and Davis' option prices to model uncertainty. To achieve this, we capture model uncertainty by replacing the baseline model with an adverse choice from a small Wasserstein ball around in the space of probability measures. Our sensitivities are thus fully non‐parametric. We show that the results entangle the baseline model specification and the agent's risk attitudes. The sensitivities can behave in a non‐monotone way as a function of the baseline model's Sharpe's ratio, the relative weighting of assets in the agent's portfolio can change and marginal prices can both increase or decrease when the agent faces model uncertainty.
Consumer stockpiling and demand elasticity biases: A theoretical note with applications
Authors: Li Ruochen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractConsumer stockpiling can result in biased empirical estimates of own‐ and cross‐price elasticities of demand with significant implications for a range of policy issues. To further the theoretical understanding of such biases, I develop a simple, yet general theoretical framework. For any given demand and prices, I show both the own‐ and cross‐price elasticities biases can be over‐ or underestimated depending upon a single intuitive condition. I then illustrate the importance of these insights by applying them to some example applications, including the measurement of market power and the estimated effects of tax increases on consumption.
Ecology drives the evolution of diverse social strategies in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Figueiredo Alexandre R. T. , Wagner Andreas , Kümmerli Rolf 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBacteria often cooperate by secreting molecules that can be shared as public goods between cells. Because the production of public goods is subject to cheating by mutants that exploit the good without contributing to it, there has been great interest in elucidating the evolutionary forces that maintain cooperation. However, little is known about how bacterial cooperation evolves under conditions where cheating is unlikely to be of importance. Here we use experimental evolution to follow changes in the production of a model public good, the iron‐scavenging siderophore pyoverdine, of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. After 1200 generations of evolution in nine different environments, we observed that cheaters only reached high frequency in liquid medium with low iron availability. Conversely, when adding iron to reduce the cost of producing pyoverdine, we observed selection for pyoverdine hyperproducers. Similarly, hyperproducers also spread in populations evolved in highly viscous media, where relatedness between interacting individuals is increased. Whole‐genome sequencing of evolved clones revealed that hyperproduction is associated with mutations involving genes encoding quorum‐sensing communication systems, while cheater clones had mutations in the iron‐starvation sigma factor or in pyoverdine biosynthesis genes. Our findings demonstrate that bacterial social traits can evolve rapidly in divergent directions, with particularly strong selection for increased levels of cooperation occurring in environments where individual dispersal is reduced, as predicted by social evolution theory. Moreover, we establish a regulatory link between pyoverdine production and quorum‐sensing, showing that increased cooperation with respect to one trait (pyoverdine) can be associated with the loss (quorum‐sensing) of another social trait.
Genome‐wide molecular phylogenetic analyses and mating experiments which reveal the evolutionary history and an intermediate stage of speciation of a giant water bug
Authors: Suzuki Tomoya , Yano Koki , Ohba Shin‐ya , Kawano Keisuke , Sekiné Kazuki , Bae Yeon Jae , Tojo Koji 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe intermediate stages of speciation are important for understanding the processes involved in the creation of biodiversity, and also comprise a number of interesting phenomena. However, difficulties are associated with dividing clear speciation stages because speciation is a continuous process. Therefore, the elucidation of speciation is an interesting and important task in evolutionary biology. We herein present an example of a species in an intermediate stage of speciation using the giant water bug Appasus japonicus (Heteroptera, Belostomatidae) that was investigated using mating experiments and phylogenetic analyses of the mtDNA COI (658 bp) and 16S rRNA (435 bp) regions, and nDNA SSR (13 loci) and its genome‐wide SNPs (11,241 SNPs). The results of our phylogenetic analyses based on their mtDNA data set and the genome‐wide SNPs data set strongly supported the paraphyly of the Japanese populations. Therefore, it is suggested that their ancestral lineage which being distributed in the Japanese Archipelago subsequently migrated to the Eurasian Continent (i.e., back‐dispersal occurred). Furthermore, the results of the mating experiments suggested that among A. japonicus, even between closely related lineages, premating reproductive isolation has been established by the differentiation of copulatory organ morphologies. In contrast, premating reproductive isolation is not established in the absence of the differentiation of copulatory organ morphologies, even if genetic differentiation is prominent. These results suggested that their phylogenetic distance does not predict premating reproductive isolation. Furthermore, in the present study, we present a clear example of premating reproductive isolation driving speciation between closely related lineages.
Rate‐dependent fracture modeling of bituminous media using nonlinear viscoelastic cohesive zone with Gaussian damage function
Authors: Kim Yong‐Rak , Teixeira Jamilla E. S. L. , Kommidi Santosh R. , Little Dallas N. , Aragao Francisco T. S. , Manrique‐Sanchez Laura , Souza Flavio V. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCracking of bituminous materials is one of the main distresses that results in roadway failure. As bituminous media are highly rate‐dependent at intermediate temperatures due to the viscoelastic nature of the binding materials, cracking is also highly rate‐dependent viscoelastic. This presents a clear need to address the phenomenon in the modeling‐analysis process for a more accurate design of mixtures and pavements. This study proposes an advanced computational modeling method to predict complex rate‐dependent cracking in bituminous materials and pavements. In particular, we explored an extrinsic nonlinear viscoelastic cohesive zone (NVCZ) integrated with Gaussian damage evolution. To examine the modeling method and its validity, two modeling efforts in multiple length scales were made: mm‐scale material‐level modeling and cm‐m scale hierarchical modeling that linked the mixture with pavement structure. The NVCZ modeling with Gaussian damage evolution successfully predicted material cracking and damage at different loading rates by using a single set of fracture parameters. This implies that the complex cracking behavior of bituminous materials can be characterized by material‐specific fracture parameters that can be identified by a simple fracture test. The pavement modeling through a parametric analysis demonstrated the sensitivity and capability of the modeling to effectively capture the interrelated influence of several core design variables, such as traffic, material properties, and layer configurations, all of which affect pavement responses and damage evolution. The computational modeling presented in this study has the scientific rigor to predict nonlinear rate‐dependent viscoelastic fracture of bituminous materials and pavements with a good modeling efficiency by significantly reducing laboratory tests.