bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenology dictates the impact of climate change on geographic distributions of six co‐occurring North American grasshoppers
Authors: Lemoine Nathan P. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThroughout the last century, climate change has altered the geographic distributions of many species. Insects, in particular, vary in their ability to track changing climates, and it is likely that phenology is an important determinant of how well insects can either expand or shift their geographic distributions in response to climate change. Grasshoppers are an ideal group to test the hypothesis that phenology correlates with range expansion, given that co‐occurring confamilial, and even congeneric, species can differ in phenology. Here, I tested the hypothesis that early‐ and late‐season species should possess different range expansion potentials, as estimated by habitat suitability from ecological niche models. I used nine different modeling techniques to estimate habitat suitability of six grasshopper species of varying phenology under two climate scenarios for the year 2050. My results suggest that, of the six species examined here, early‐season species were more sensitive to climate change than late‐season species. The three early‐season species examined here might shift northward during the spring, while the modeled geographic distributions of the three late‐season species were generally constant under climate change, likely because they were pre‐adapted to hot and dry conditions. Phenology might therefore be a good predictor of how insect distributions might change in the future, but this hypothesis remains to be tested at a broader scale.
Ultra‐thin ISFET‐based sensing systems
Authors: Shojaei Baghini Mahdieh , Vilouras Anastasios , Douthwaite Matthew , Georgiou Pantelis , Dahiya Ravinder 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe ion‐sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs), proposed little over 50 years ago, today make the most promising devices for lab‐on‐a‐chip, implantable, and point‐of‐care (POC) diagnostics. Their compatibility with CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) technology and the low cost through mass production have been the driving factors so far. Nowadays, they are also being developed in flexible form factors for new applications such as wearables and to improve the effective usage in existing applications such as implantable systems. In this regard, the CMOS ultra‐thin chip (UTC) technology and the bonding by printing are the noteworthy advances. This paper comprehensively reviews such new developments in the CMOS‐compatible ISFETs, along with their theory, readout circuitries, circuit‐based techniques for compensation of the ISFET's instabilities, such as the offset, flicker noise, and drift. The sensing mechanisms and the properties of interface between the electrolyte under test and the metal‐oxide based ion‐sensitive electrodes have been discussed along with a brief overview of the metal‐oxide based pH sensors. An overview of the reported mechanically flexible pH sensors, including ISFETs, is provided and the history of ISFET applications are also covered. Finally, established models that can be used to design flexible circuits are presented, and possible opportunities to use circuit techniques to compensate for mechanical deformation are discussed.
Flood risk of embanked areas and potential use of dredge spoils as mitigation measures in the southwest region of the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna Delta, Bangladesh
Authors: Valentine Leslie , Wilson Carol A. , Rahman Md. Munsur 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn the 1960s, earthen embankments, locally known as polders, were first constructed in the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna (GBM) Delta with the intention of protecting agricultural lands from salinity; however, unintended consequences of the barriers have negatively impacted the region. Once‐active distributary channels have morphed into terminal, headless tidal channels as the sediment‐laden water that was once dispersed across the tidal delta plain is now restricted by embankments. Elevation loss within embankments and channel siltation adjacent to embankments are deleterious consequences of hard engineering and pose significant flood risk when effective sea level rise is considered. The purpose of this study is to assess the current and future flood risks of the embanked areas in the southwest region of the GBM Delta and to expand on the potential for local‐based solutions (e.g. mud plinths and embankments). We propose a novel source of material for these structures—repurposed dredge spoils.Project sites are along terminal tidal channels, proximal to coastal towns in the southwest region of the delta. We calculate here that as the effective sea level rise will continue to increase in the years to come, the flood risk will correspondingly increase (>67%). Geospatial analyses reveal that several prominent tidal channels have reduced in width over the last 30+ years, and recent dredging operations removed ~1.7 × 106 m3 of sediment infill. Using conservative values, we estimate that the dredge spoils could be used to elevate ~20 000 houses on mud plinths or raise 18 km of existing embankments. On a delta‐wide scale, if all infilled tidal channels were dredged to 10% of their original widths, ~547 000 houses could be raised above the flood levels and ~500 km of embankments could be elevated. With a mean household population of 4.3 people, repurposing dredge spoils can positively impact ~2.4 million people within the vulnerable southwest region of the GBM Delta.
Differential Organic Contaminant Ionization Source Detection and Identification in Environmental Waters by Nontargeted Analysis
Authors: Ng Brian , Quinete Natalia , Gardinali Piero 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The development of nontargeted analysis (NTA) methods to assess environmental contaminants of emerging concern, which are not commonly monitored, is paramount, especially when no previous knowledge on the identity of the pollution source is available. We compared complementary ionization techniques, namely electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), in the detection and identification of organic contaminants in tap and surface waters from South Florida. Furthermore, the performance of a simple rationalized NTA method was assessed by analyzing 10 complex mixtures as part of the US Environmental Protection Agency's Non-targeted Analysis Collaborative Trial interlaboratory study, where limitations of the NTA approach have been identified (e.g., number of employed databases, false positives). Different water bodies displayed unique chemical features that can be used as chemical fingerprints for source tracking and discrimination. The APCI technique detected at least threefold as many chemical features as ESI in environmental water samples, corroborating the fact that APCI is more energetic and can ionize certain classes of compounds that are traditionally difficult to ionize by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Kendrick mass defect plots and Van Krevelen diagrams were applied to elucidate unique patterns and theoretical chemical space regions of anthropogenic organic compounds belonging to homologous series or similar classes covered by ESI and APCI. Overall, APCI and ESI were established as complementary, expanding the detected NTA chemical space which would otherwise be underestimated by a single ionization source operated in a single polarity setting. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1154–1164. © 2021 SETAC
Abstract
Detection and identification of the chemical space in terms of organic chemicals of concern by non-targeted ESI and APCI methods of environmental water samples from South Florida. ESI = electrospray ionization, APCI = atmospheric pressure chemical ionization; PAH = polyaromatic hydrocarbon; PEG/PPG = polyethylene glycol/polypropylene glycol; PFAS = per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances; PBDE = polybrominated diphenyl ether; PCB = polychlorinated biphenyl; H:C = ratio of hydrogen to carbon; O:C = ratio of oxygen to carbon.
Water Chemistry, Exposure Routes, and Metal Forms Determine the Bioaccumulation Dynamics of Silver (Ionic and Nanoparticulate) in Daphnia magna
Authors: Lesser Emma , Sheikh Fatima Noor , Sikder Mithun , Croteau Marie-Noële , Franklin Natasha , Baalousha Mohammed , Ismail Niveen S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Treatment wetlands utilize various physical and biological processes to reduce levels of organic contaminants, metals, bacteria, and suspended solids. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one type of contaminant that can enter treatment wetlands and impact the overall treatment efficacy. Grazing by filter-feeding zooplankton, such as Daphnia magna, is critical to treatment wetland functioning; but the effects of AgNPs on zooplankton are not fully understood, especially at environmentally relevant concentrations. We characterized the bioaccumulation kinetics of dissolved and nanoparticulate (citrate-coated) 109Ag in D. magna exposed to environmentally relevant 109Ag concentrations (i.e., 0.2–23 nmol L−1 Ag) using a stable isotope as a tracer of Ag. Both aqueous and nanoparticulate forms of 109Ag were bioavailable to D. magna after exposure. Water chemistry affected 109Ag influx from 109AgNP but not from 109AgNO3. Silver retention was greater for citrate-coated 109AgNP than dissolved 109Ag, indicating a greater potential for bioaccumulation from nanoparticulate Ag. Feeding inhibition was observed at higher dietary 109Ag concentrations, which could lead to reduced treatment wetland performance. Our results illustrate the importance of using environmentally relevant concentrations and media compositions when predicting Ag bioaccumulation and provide insight into potential effects on filter feeders critical to the function of treatment wetlands. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:726–738. © 2021 SETAC
Abstract
Overview of experimental approach and key findings from development of biodynamic model comparing exposure of daphnids to dissolved and nanoparticulate silver (Ag). kuf = rate constant of dietborne 109Ag; AE = assimilation efficiency; IR = ingestion rate; ke = rate constant of 109Ag loss; kuw = influx rate constant of 109Ag.
Hydrogen production coupled with water and organic oxidation based on layered double hydroxides
Authors: Song Yingjie , Ji Kaiyue , Duan Haohong , Shao Mingfei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHydrogen production via electrochemical water splitting is one of the most green and promising ways to produce clean energy and address resource crisis, but still suffers from low efficiency and high cost mainly due to the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) process. Alternatively, electrochemical hydrogen‐evolution coupled with alternative oxidation (EHCO) has been proposed as a considerable strategy to improve hydrogen production efficiency combined with the production of high value‐added chemicals. Although with these merits, high‐efficient electrocatalysts are always needed in practical operation. Typically, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been developed as a large class of advanced electrocatalysts toward both OER and EHCO with high efficiency and stability. In this review, we have summarized the latest progress of hydrogen production from the perspectives of designing efficient LDHs‐based electrocatalysts for OER and EHCO. Particularly, the influence of structure design and component regulation on the efficiency of their electrocatalytic process have been discussed in detail. Finally, we look forward to the challenges in the field of hydrogen production via electrochemical water splitting coupled with organic oxidation, such as the mechanism, selected oxidation as well as system design, hoping to provide certain inspiration for the development of low‐cost hydrogen production technology.
Fabrication and characterization of a pH‐sensitive intelligent film incorporating dragon fruit skin extract
Authors: Azlim Nurnabila Afiqah , Mohammadi Nafchi Abdorreza , Oladzadabbasabadi Nazila , Ariffin Fazilah , Ghalambor Pantea , Jafarzadeh Shima , Al‐Hassan A. A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA novel intelligent pH‐sensing indicator based on gelatin film and anthocyanin extracted from dragon fruit skin (Hylocereus polyrhizus) (DFSE) as a natural dye was developed to monitor food freshness by the casting method. Anthocyanin content of DFSE was 15.66 ± 1.59 mg/L. Dragon fruit bovine gelatin films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Moisture content, mechanical properties, water solubility, water vapor permeability (WVP), light transmittance, color, and pH‐sensing evaluations were evaluated for potential application. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that the extracted anthocyanin could interact with the other film components through hydrogen bonds. When the extract was added, films showed a smooth and clear surface as observed by SEM. The addition of anthocyanin increased the moisture content, thickness, and water solubility of the films, but decreased the WVP and light transmittance of films. Also, the incorporation of 15% v/v DFSE decreased the tensile strength from 17.04 to 12.91 MPa, increasing the elongation at break from 91.19% to 107.86%. The films showed higher ΔE with increasing DFSE content, which indicated that the film had good color variability. A significant difference in the color of the films was observed with exposure to different pH buffer solutions. The findings demonstrated that gelatin film incorporated with DFSE could be used as a visual indicator of pH variations to monitor the freshness of foods during storage time.
Fusion‐positive salivary gland carcinomas
Authors: Skálová Alena , Hyrcza Martin D. , Vaneček Tomáš , Baněčková Martina , Leivo Ilmo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSalivary gland tumors are a rare, heterogeneous group of neoplasms that pose significant diagnostic challenges for the histopathologist. Histopathological diagnosis relies primarily on morphological assessment, with ancillary special stains and immunohistochemistry. In recent years, new defining genomic alterations have been characterized in these tumors. In particular, they include gene fusions which have shown to be tightly tumor‐type specific, and thus valuable for use in diagnostically challenging cases. These discoveries also help in refining tumor classification. Furthermore, such genetic alterations may have prognostic as well as potentially therapeutic implications in the era of personalized medicine. This review aims at providing a summary of the most recent updates in this field.
Observations of postglacial sea‐level rise in northwest European traditions
Authors: Nunn Patrick D. , Creach Axel , Gehrels W. Roland , Bradley Sarah L. , Armit Ian , Stéphan Pierre , Sturt Fraser , Baltzer Agnès 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn preliterate contexts, diverse knowledge was accumulated, processed and communicated orally. Recent research demonstrates that observations of memorable events were transferred in this way for thousands of years sometimes. Much of this information was eventually written down to reach literate audiences, which commonly judge such ‘myths and legends’ to be cultural inventions rather than ancient memories. This study examines 15 ‘submergence stories’ from northwest European coasts and argues that they plausibly represent memories of postglacial sea‐level rise, which, in this region, was spatially and temporally variable owing to the interaction of sea‐level rise with glacial isostatic adjustment. This study combines culture history and knowledge of earth rheology to argue that memories of the effects of postglacial land submergence in northwest Europe have endured for 5000–15,000 years. This requires a longevity of memory, orally communicated, that is not unprecedented, yet surprises many. It also shows that scientists might benefit from trying to better understand oral traditions from cultures elsewhere in the world that may have preserved observations of memorable events.
Prediction of biochemical nonresolution in patients with chronic drug‐induced liver injury: A large multicenter study
Authors: Wang Chun‐Yan , Deng Ya , Li Ping , Zheng Sujun , Chen Guofeng , Zhou Guangde , Xu Jing , Chen Yan‐Ping , Wang Zheng , Jin Xueyuan , Tang Jin‐Mo , Hu Kun‐Peng , Bi Jing‐Feng , Zhang Ping , Li Chun‐Xia , Huang Ang , Lv Gui‐Ji , Xiao Xiao‐He , Zou Zhengsheng , Ji Dong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
To clarify high‐risk factors and develop a nomogram model to predict biochemical resolution or biochemical nonresolution (BNR) in patients with chronic DILI.

Approach and Results
Retrospectively, 3655 of 5326 patients with chronic DILI were enrolled from nine participating hospitals, of whom 2866 underwent liver biopsy. All of these patients were followed up for over 1 year and their clinical characteristics were retrieved from electronic medical records. The endpoint was BNR, defined as alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase >1.5× upper limit of normal or alkaline phosphatase >1.1× ULN, at 12 months from chronic DILI diagnosis. The noninvasive high‐risk factors for BNR identified by multivariable logistic regression were used to establish a nomogram, which was validated in an independent external cohort. Finally, 19.3% (707 of 3655) patients presented with BNR. Histologically, with the increase in liver inflammation grades and fibrosis stages, the proportion of BNR significantly increased. The risk of BNR was increased by 21.3‐fold in patients with significant inflammation compared to none or mild inflammation (p < 0.001). Biochemically, aspartate aminotransferase and total bilirubin, platelets, prothrombin time, sex, and age were associated with BNR and incorporated to construct a nomogram model (BNR‐6) with a concordance index of 0.824 (95% CI, 0.798–0.849), which was highly consistent with liver histology. These results were successfully validated both in the internal cohort and external cohort.

Conclusions
Significant liver inflammation is a robust predictor associated with biochemical nonresolution. The established BNR‐6 model provides an easy‐to‐use approach to assess the outcome of chronic DILI.
Overall survival benefit of osimertinib and clinical value of upfront cranial local therapy in untreated EGFR‐mutant nonsmall cell lung cancer with brain metastasis
Authors: Zhao Yang , Li Shuyan , Yang Xi , Chu Li , Wang Shengping , Tong Tong , Chu Xiao , Yu Fan , Zeng Ya , Guo Tiantian , Zhou Yue , Zou Liqing , Li Yida , Ni Jianjiao , Zhu Zhengfei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOsimertinib, as a third‐generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), showed more potent efficacy against brain metastasis (BM) in untreated EGFR‐mutant nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the FLAURA study. However, the overall survival (OS) benefit of osimertinib and clinical value of cranial local therapy (CLT) in these patients remain undetermined. Here we conducted a retrospective study involving untreated EGFR‐mutant NSCLC patients with BMs receiving first‐line osimertinib or first‐generation EGFR‐TKIs. Upfront CLT was defined as CLT performed before disease progression to the first‐line EGFR‐TKIs. Pattern of treatment failure and survival outcomes were extensively investigated. Among the 367 patients enrolled, first‐generation EGFR‐TKI was administered in 265, osimertinib in 102 and upfront CLT performed in 140. Patients receiving osimertinib had more (P < .001) and larger BMs (P = .003) than those receiving first‐generation EGFR‐TKIs. After propensity score matching, osimertinib was found to prolong OS (37.7 vs 22.2 months, P = .027). Pattern of failure analyses found that 51.8% of the patients without upfront CLT developed their initial progressive disease (PD) in the brain and 59.0% of the cranial PD occurred at the original sites alone, suggesting potential clinical value of upfront CLT. Indeed, upfront stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and/or surgery was associated with improved OS among those receiving first‐generation EGFR‐TKIs (P = .019) and those receiving osimertinib (P = .041). In summary, compared to first‐generation EGFR‐TKIs, osimertinib is associated with improved OS in untreated EGFR‐mutant NSCLC with BMs. Meanwhile, upfront SRS and/or surgery may provide extra survival benefit, which needs to be verified in future studies.
A novel discriminant feature selection–based mutual information extraction from MR brain images for Alzheimer's stages detection and prediction
Authors: Shankar Venkatesh Gauri , Sisodia Dilip Singh , Chandrakar Preeti 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is a form of dementia. Quick or early diagnosis of AD is essential, but most of the available studies have focused on clinical or survey‐based data, leading to data inconsistency as many people feel hesitant or hide information due to disease and societal stigma. Nowadays, current computer‐aided support and techniques are mainly based on feature extraction, but due to redundant or similarly extracted features, any specific model is not producing best performance. This paper proposes a novel mutual relationship–based feature selection model with high‐altitude acute response like features for the brain‐predefined feature areas using magnetic resonance imaging. The mutual relationship between features is used to avoid similar features or create discrimination between different features due to which accuracy gets affected. In this work, four machine learning classifiers, namely decision tree, support vector machine (SVM), k‐nearest neighbor, and Naive Bayes are used for developing predictive model and algorithms. To avoid overfitting in model selection, we have used a 10‐fold cross‐validation for model training and testing. We collected data set from Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative repository. The performance of supervised classifiers was estimated with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score assessment measures. The results indicate SVM to be the best performing classifier for prediction (SVM recording the highest average area under curve score of 0.936, accuracy of 94.1%, precision of 96.9%, recall of 96.6%, and F1‐score of 96.8%) with 37 discriminant features.
Optimal delipidation solvent to secure extracellular matrix from human perirenal adipose tissue
Authors: Chun So Young , Ha Yun‐Sok , Yoon Bo Hyun , Lee Eun Hye , Kim Bo Mi , Gil Haejung , Han Man‐Hoon , Kwon Tae Gyun , Kim Bum Soo , Lee Jun Nyung 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study was to select the optimal delipidation solvent for preparation of human perirenal adipose tissue‐derived extracellular matrix (ECM). Human perirenal adipose tissue can be obtained in large amounts during surgery, and it can be an alternative source of human ECM. Delipidation is an essential procedure for the ECM preparation, because lipid strongly inhibits regeneration of target tissue. Isopropanol has been widely used as a delipidation solvent for adipose tissue. However, because adipose tissue is mostly composed of nonpolar lipid, a nonpolar solvent might be more effective for delipidation. We evaluated the delipidation efficiency of acetone, chloroform, methanol, ether, ethanol, isopropanol, water, chloroform/methanol, ethanol/heptane, ether/methanol, hexane/ethanol, and butanol/methanol solvents for ECM extraction from human perirenal adipose tissue. Among them, acetone‐treated adipose tissue showed the greatest delipidation efficiency (93.05%), significantly lower residual DNA content, and the greatest residual collagen concentration (42.49 ± 0.05 μg/g). In addition, acetone‐treated tissue also had well‐preserved ultrastructure with high porosity and significantly low in vitro cytotoxicity. These results suggested that acetone may be an optimal delipidation solvent for extraction of ECM from human perirenal adipose tissue.