bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtually Possible
Authors: Huang Laura Y. , McKenty Nathan , Alvarez Armando , Gober Joslyn , Irwin Robert , Molinares Diana , Price Chane , Sherman Andrew , Tiu Timothy , Gater David R. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The novel coronavirus 2019 pandemic has led to new dilemmas in medical education because of an initial shortage of personal protective equipment, uncertainty regarding disease transmission and treatments, travel restrictions, and social distancing guidelines. These new problems further compound the already existing problem of limited medical student exposure to the field of physical medicine and rehabilitation, particularly for students in medical schools lacking a department of physical medicine and rehabilitation, approximately 50% of medical schools. A virtual medical student physical medicine and rehabilitation rotation was created to mitigate coronavirus 2019–related limitations and impact on medical education. Using audiovisual technology, students had the opportunity to participate in clinical inpatient and outpatient care, live-streamed procedures, and virtual didactics, develop and showcase their clinical knowledge and reasoning skills, and become familiar with the culture of the physical medicine and rehabilitation residency program. Adaptive educational approaches, including integration of the flipped classroom model, success, pitfalls, and areas for improvement will be described and discussed. Providing nontraditional methods for physical medicine and rehabilitation education and exposure to medical students is crucial to maintain and promote growth of the field in this unprecedented and increasingly virtual era.
Depression and HIV viral nonsuppression among people engaged in HIV care in an urban clinic, 2014–2019
Authors: Lesko Catherine R. , Hutton Heidi E. , Fojo Anthony T. , Shen Nicola M. , Moore Richard D. , Chander Geetanjali 
Published: June 2021

Objective:
The aim of this study was to describe the risk of viral nonsuppression across the depression care cascade.

Design:
A clinical cohort study.

Methods:
We used depressive symptoms (PHQ-8 ≥ 10) self-reported on computer-assisted surveys, clinical diagnoses of depression in the medical record in the prior year and pharmacologic (any prescription for an antidepressant) and psychologic treatments for depression (attendance at at least two mental health visits in the prior year) to classify patients into groups: no history of depression; prior depression diagnosis; current indication for depression treatment (symptoms or clinical diagnosis); and treated depression (stratified by presence of persistent symptoms). We associated position in the depression care cascade with viral nonsuppression (>200 copies/ml) 7 days before to 6 months after the index self-report of depressive symptoms.

Results:
History of depression [adjusted risk difference (aRD) relative to no history = 5.9%, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.5–10.3] and current depression (symptoms or diagnosis) in the absence of treatment (aRD relative to no current depression or depression treatment = 4.8%, 95% CI: 1.8–7.8) were associated with a higher risk of viral nonsuppression than no history of depression. Depression treatment mitigated this association (aRD = −0.4%, 95% CI: −2.5 to 1.7).

Conclusion:
The relationship between depression care cascade and viral suppression is complex. Untreated depression and clinically unrecognized depressive symptoms were both related to viral nonsuppression. Treated depression was not associated with viral nonsuppression; however, a high proportion of treated patients still had depressive symptoms. Depression treatment should be titrated if patients’ symptoms are not responsive and patients with a history of depression should be monitored for ART adherence.
Brief Report: Are Serious Falls Associated With Subsequent Fragility Fractures Among Veterans Living With HIV?
Authors: Womack Julie A. , Murphy Terrence E. , Ramsey Christine , Bathulapalli Harini , Leo-Summers Linda , Smith Alexandria C. , Bates Jonathan , Jarad Samah , Gill Thomas M. , Hsieh Evelyn , Rodriguez-Barradas Maria C. , Tien Phyllis C. , Yin Michael T. , Brandt Cynthia , Justice Amy C. 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The extensive research on falls and fragility fractures among persons living with HIV (PWH) has not explored the association between serious falls and subsequent fragility fracture. We explored this association.

Setting:
Veterans Aging Cohort Study.

Methods:
This analysis included 304,951 6-month person- intervals over a 15-year period (2001–2015) contributed by 26,373 PWH who were 50+ years of age (mean age 55 years) and taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). Serious falls (those falls significant enough to result in a visit to a health care provider) were identified by the external cause of injury codes and a machine learning algorithm applied to radiology reports. Fragility fractures were identified using ICD9 codes and included hip fracture, vertebral fractures, and upper arm fracture and were modeled with multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations.

Results:
After adjustment, serious falls in the previous year were associated with increased risk of fragility fracture [odds ratio (OR) 2.10; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.83 to 2.41]. The use of integrase inhibitors was the only ART risk factor (OR 1.17; 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.33). Other risk factors included the diagnosis of alcohol use disorder (OR 1.49; 95% CI: 1.31 to 1.70) and having a prescription for an opioid in the previous 6 months (OR 1.40; 95% CI: 1.27 to 1.53).

Conclusions:
Serious falls within the past year are strongly associated with fragility fractures among PWH on ART—largely a middle-aged population—much as they are among older adults in the general population.
Performance Analysis of Three Commercial Kits Designed for RNA Quantification of HIV-1 Group O Variants
Authors: Alessandri-Gradt Elodie , Unal Guillemette , Baron Adeline , Leoz Marie , Gueudin Marie , Plantier Jean-Christophe ,   the RES-O Network
Published: June 2021

Background:
The genetic divergence of HIV-1 group O is high relative to pandemic group M, which could impact detection and quantification of plasma RNA. Recent commercial kits for RNA quantification seem to show good performances in HIV-1/O, but discrepancies are still observed. Here, we compare the performances of 3 commercial assays for the RNA quantification of HIV-1/O.

Methods:
We studied the RNA quantification of 117 clinical samples using Abbott RealTime HIV-1, Cepheid Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load, or Roche Cobas TaqMan HIV-1 v2. First, we conducted a qualitative description, and second, we focused on a quantitative analysis of the results above 40 cp/mL. The degree of agreement between methods and the strength of the correlation of viral load determination were estimated using Bland–Altman plot and Passing–Bablok regression with the Spearman coefficient, respectively.

Results:
Our 2-by-2 analysis showed that the Abbott and Cepheid assays were very close in terms of correlation and dispersion of points, whereas Roche presented higher values in the highest range of quantification (>5 log10). The Cepheid assay combined better correlation with the consensus value and a lower dispersion of values, leading to an overall better performance of quantification. The quantification was still impacted by intragroup genetic diversity with, here, 1 strain (YBF26).

Conclusions:
Using a new approach to compare the performances of RNA quantification between more than 2 techniques, we demonstrated that Cepheid could be the most suitable assay for HIV-1/O quantification, although the results from all assays remained strain dependent.
Brief Report: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Virological Suppression in People Living With HIV Attending a Large Italian HIV Clinic
Authors: Giacomelli Andrea , Bonazzetti Cecilia , Conti Federico , Pezzati Laura , Oreni Letizia , Micheli Valeria , Mancon Alessandro , Vimercati Stefania , Albrecht Maria , Passerini Matteo , Cossu Maria Vittoria , Capetti Amedeo Ferdinando , Meraviglia Paola , Antinori Spinello , Rizzardini Giuliano , Galli Massimo , Ridolfo Anna Lisa 
Published: June 2021

Background:
We assessed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on HIV suppression rates in people living with HIV (PLWH) attending a large Italian HIV clinic.

Setting:
The HIV outpatient clinic of the Infectious Diseases Department of Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy, which serves more than 5000 PLWH per year.

Methods:
A before and after quasi-experimental study design was used to make a retrospective assessment of the monthly trend of HIV-RNA determinations of ≥50 among the PLWH attending our clinic, with “before” being the period from January 1, 2016 to February 20, 2020, and “after” being the period from February 21, 2020 to December 31, 2020 (the COVID-19 period). Interrupted time series analysis was used to evaluate any changes in the trend.

Results:
During the study period, 70,349 HIV-RNA viral load determinations were made, and the percentage of HIV-RNA viral load determinations of <50 copies/mL increased from 88.4% in 2016 to 93.2% in 2020 (P < 0.0001). There was a significant monthly trend toward a decrease in the number of HIV-RNA determinations of ≥50 copies/mL before the pandemic (β −0.084; standard error 0.015; P < 0.001), and this did not significantly change after it started (β −0.039, standard error 0.161; P = 0.811).

Conclusions:
A high prevalence of viral suppression was maintained among the PLWH referring to our clinic, despite the structural barriers raised by the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of simplified methods of delivering care (such as teleconsultations and multiple antiretroviral treatment prescriptions) may have contributed to preserving this continuum.
Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Once-Daily Multiple-Dose Administration of Islatravir in Adults Without HIV
Authors: Matthews Randolph P. , Jackson Rudd Deanne , Zhang Saijuan , Fillgrove Kerry L. , Sterling Laura M. , Grobler Jay A. , Vargo Ryan C. , Stoch S. Aubrey , Iwamoto Marian 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Islatravir (MK-8591) is a novel nucleoside analog in development for the treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infection. Islatravir has potent antiviral activity and a long intracellular half-life.

Setting:
A 3-panel, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-dose study in 36 adults without HIV evaluated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of islatravir after daily administration.

Methods:
Islatravir or placebo was administered orally once daily for 42 days (5 mg) or 28 days (0.25 mg; 0.75 mg). Blood samples were taken at prespecified time points for pharmacokinetic analysis of islatravir (plasma) and islatravir-triphosphate (ISL-TP; peripheral blood mononuclear cells [PBMCs]). Rectal and vaginal tissue samples were also collected in a subset of participants. Safety and tolerability were evaluated throughout.

Results:
The pharmacokinetics of islatravir were approximately dose proportional, with concentrations approaching a steady state between days 14 and 21 in plasma and by day 28 for ISL-TP in PBMCs. Plasma exposure accumulation was 1.5-fold to 1.8-fold, and ISL-TP exposure accumulation was ∼10-fold. The apparent terminal half-life of ISL-TP was 177–209 hours. The ISL-TP pharmacokinetic trough threshold—the minimal concentration required for efficacy—of 0.05 pmol/106 cells was achieved after a single administration at all dose levels. Rectal and vaginal tissue also exhibited potentially therapeutic concentrations. Islatravir was generally well tolerated at all doses.

Conclusions:
ISL-TP levels in PBMCs were above the threshold projected for antiviral efficacy against wild-type HIV after a single 0.25-mg dose. Multiple once-daily dosing of islatravir in adults without HIV was generally well tolerated up to doses of 5 mg administered for up to 6 weeks.
Follicular Thyroid Adenoma Showing Avid Uptake on 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT
Authors: Ou Lei , Wu Junhao , Wu Ji , Mou Chunru , Zhang Chunyin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We describe the case of a 48-year-old man suspected to have recurrent colon carcinoma who underwent 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT, revealing the presence of an incidentaloma with intense FAPI uptake in the left thyroid lobe. Based on PET/CT findings, malignancy was suspected. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of follicular thyroid adenoma with fibrosis and calcification. This case emphasizes the need to increase awareness of this benign lesion in the differential diagnosis of incidental thyroid nodules with high FAPI activity.
Glomangiopericytoma Uptake With 99mTc-MIBI, 18F-FDG, and 11C-Choline
Authors: Nguyen Ba Duong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The author presents 3 incidental cases of glomangiopericytoma exhibiting avidity of 99mTc-MIBI, 18F-FDG, and 11C-choline, respectively, during SPECT/CT evaluation of hyperparathyroidism, and PET/CT monitoring of metastatic melanoma and biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. All the 3 cases show similar functional and anatomic features of tracer-avid lesion in the right nasal cavity from histologically proven glomangiopericytoma.
Unusual Variant of Breast Cancer Presenting With Pituitary Symptoms Detected on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT
Authors: Dev Indraja D. , Puranik Ameya D. , Rangarajan Venkatesh , Purandare Nilendu C. , Agrawal Archi , Shah Sneha , Sahay Ayushi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Carcinoma of breast with neuroendocrine differentiation is an extremely rare entity, especially in male population. Although the “garden variety” of male breast cancers is often metastatic at presentation, with an aggressive course, there is hardly any literature about neuroendocrine variants. We report a case of a 57-year-old man who had pituitary symptoms, which on 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT imaging turned out to be a metastatic lesion, with somatostatin expressing primary in breast and other sites, with histopathological confirmation of neuroendocrine differentiation in breast cancer.
Colon Transit Scintigraphy in Schaaf-Yang Syndrome
Authors: Infante Jose R. , Baena Alvaro , Martinez Andres , Rayo Juan I. , Serrano Justo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Schaaf-Yang syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, hypotonia, intellectual disability, feeding difficulties, and variable dysmorphic facial features. It is an extremely rare disorder with over 250 cases reported in the medical literature. This condition has been determined to be inherited by an autosomal dominant pattern. We present colon transit scintigraphy of a 6-year-old boy with history of chronic constipation with poor response to medical treatment, clinical characteristics, and gene mutations consistent with this syndrome. After oral administration of 111In-DTPA, planar and SPECT/CT images showed rapid proximal colonic transit and anorectal retention.
Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Expression in Metastatic Angiosarcoma Detected on 18F-PMSA PET/CT
Authors: Marafi Fahad , Esmail Abdulredha , Usmani Sharjeel 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

18F-PSMA is a promising tracer for both staging and detection of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer. PSMA is also expressed in the endothelium of tumor-associated neovasculature of various solid malignancies possibly due to tumor-associated angiogenic factors and endothelial cell sprouting. We report a case of a 59-year-old man with known case of prostate cancer underwent 18F-PSMA for restaging. 18F-PSMA PET/CT shows multiple lytic bone lesions with high PSMA expression. Histopathological evaluation showed metastatic angiosarcoma. 18F-PSMA expression in the angiosarcoma can be potentially guided to radionuclide legend therapy.
Changes of Ocular Surface Before and After Treatment of Blepharoptosis With Combined Fascial Sheath Suspension and Frontal Muscle Flap Suspension
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Huixing , Bai Ping 
Published: June 2021

Objective:
To explore the ocular surface changes after ptosis surgery in patients with severe congenital blepharoptosis.

Methods:
The patients were divided into group A and group B, Group A received conjoint fascial sheath suspension, and group B received frontal muscle flap suspension. The ocular surface changes were followed upon the 7th day and in the 1st and 3rd month after operation, which included Schirmer test (ST), break-up time (BUT), tear meniscus height (TMH). For normal distribution variables, t test was used before and after operation, and the Wilcoxon test was used for variables with abnormal distribution.

Results:
Compared to preoperative status, the ST and TMH were not significantly changed after surgery (P > 0.05), but BUT higher on the 7th day and in the 1st and 3rd month after operation (P < 0.05). The fluorescence staining (FL) score was higher in the 3rd month than that in the 1st month (P < 0.05), but was not significantly different between the 7th and in the 1st month after operation (P > 0.05). The ST, TMH, and BUT after surgery were not significantly different between groups of A and B (P > 0.05), but the FL score lower in the 3rd month than on the 7th day and in the 1st month after operation (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The ST, BUT, and TMH were not significantly changed after surgery between groups of A and B, but the FL score was lower in group A than that in group B in early postoperative time.
Three-Dimensional Facial Soft Tissue Changes After Orthognathic Surgery in Cleft Patients Using Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Landmark Autodigitization
Authors: Seo Jihee , Yang Il-Hyung , Choi Jin-Young , Lee Jong-Ho , Baek Seung-Hak 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate three-dimensional facial soft tissue changes after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery (BOGS) in patients with cleft lip and palate. The samples consisted of 34 Korean young adult patients with skeletal class III malocclusion who underwent BOGS for maxillary advancement/posterior impaction and mandibular setback. They were divided into cleft-class III (C-CIII) group (n = 18) and noncleft-class III (NC-CIII) group (n = 16). Three-dimensional computed tomography images were taken 1 month before (T1) and 3 months after (T2) surgery. After 34 hard/soft tissue landmarks were automatically identified using software, the amount and direction of change in landmarks and the amount of change in 16 soft tissue variables during T1-T2 were calculated. Then, statistical analysis was performed. Compared to NC-CIII group, C-CIII group showed more posteriorly-positioned hard/soft tissue landmarks, larger alar width, alar base width and philtrum width, and more obtuse nasal tip angle at both T1 and T2 stages. C-CIII group exhibited higher soft-to-hard tissue movement ratios at the bottom of the nose (ΔSn/ΔANS, 1.08 versus 0.81) and the upper part of the upper lip (ΔPoint A’/ΔPoint A, 1.08 versus 0.91), but a lower ratio at the lower part of the upper lip (ΔLs’/ΔIs, 0.72 versus 1.01) than NC-CIII group. The number of hard-soft tissue landmarks with high correlation (>0.90) was smaller in C-CIII group than in NC-CIII group (2 versus 6). Scar tissues and abnormal muscles in the nose and upper lip might elicit different responses in the nasolabial soft tissues to BOGS between C-CIII and NC-CIII patients.
Midline Mandibular Cleft Treatment
Authors: Dadaci Mehmet , Ismayilzade Majid , Yildirim Mehmet Emin Cem , Ince Bilsev 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Tessier 30 cleft is a more rare anomaly comparing the other clefts and has variable clinical presentations. According to the literature, there were only 66 cases with Tessier 30 cleft reported since 2007. Furthermore, because of the rarity and variable clinical presentation of this condition, there is no consensus on the mode of management and timing of surgical procedures. In this case, we demonstrated the earlier treatment method of a newborn case with Tessier 30 cleft.
Hypothermic Machine Perfusion as a National Standard Preservation Method for Deceased Donor Kidneys
Authors: Brat Aukje , de Vries Kirsten M. , van Heurn Ernst W. E. , Huurman Volkert A. L. , de Jongh Wim , Leuvenink Henri G. D. , van Zuilen Arjan D. , Haase-Kromwijk Bernadette J. J. M. , de Jonge Jeroen , Berger Stefan P. , Hofker Sijbrand H. 
Published: June 2021

Background.
Recently, continuous nonoxygenated hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) has been implemented as standard preservation method for deceased donor kidneys in the Netherlands. This study was designed to assess the effect of the implementation of HMP on early outcomes after transplantation.

Methods.
Kidneys donated in the Netherlands in 2016 and 2017 were intended to be preserved by HMP. A historical cohort (2010–2014) preserved by static cold storage was chosen as the control group. Primary outcome was delayed graft function (DGF). Additional analyses were performed on safety, graft function, and survival up until 2 y after transplantation.

Results.
Data were collected on 2493 kidneys. Analyses showed significantly more donation after circulatory death, preemptive transplantation, and retransplants in the project cohort. Of the 681 kidneys that were transplanted during the project, 81% were preserved by HMP. No kidneys were discarded due to HMP-related complications. DGF occurred in 38.2% of the project cohort versus 43.7% of the historical cohort (P < 0.001), with a significantly shorter duration within the project cohort (7 versus 9 d, P = 0.003). Multivariate regression analysis showed an odds ratio of 0.69 (95% confidence interval, 0.553-0.855) for the risk of DGF when using HMP compared with cold storage (P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in kidney function, graft survival, and recipient survival up until 2 y posttransplantation.

Conclusions.
This study showed that HMP as a standard preservation method for deceased donor kidneys is safe and feasible. HMP was associated with a significant reduction of DGF.
Prognostic Impact of Early Recovering Acute Kidney Injury Following Liver Transplantation: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Dewitte Antoine , Defaye Mylène , Dahmi Anissa , Ouattara Alexandre , Joannes-Boyau Olivier , Chermak Faiza , Chiche Laurence , Laurent Christophe , Battelier Mathieu , Sigaut Stéphanie , Khoy-Ear Linda , Grigoresco Bénédicte , Cauchy François , Francoz Claire , Paugam Burtz Catherine , Janny Sylvie , Weiss Emmanuel 
Published: June 2021

Background.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after liver transplantation (LT), but the specific impact of rapidly resolving AKI is not elucidated. This study investigates the factors associated with early recovery from AKI and its association with post-LT outcomes.

Methods.
Retrospective analysis of 441 liver transplant recipients with end-stage liver disease without pretransplant renal impairment. AKI was defined according to Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria and early renal recovery by its disappearance within 7 d post-LT.

Results.
One hundred forty-six patients (32%) developed a post-LT AKI, of whom 99 (69%) recovered early and 45 (31%) did not. Factors associated with early recovery were Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes stage 1 (odds ratio [OR],14.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.59-40.22; P < 0.0001), minimum prothrombin time >50 % (OR, 4.50; 95% CI, 1.67-13.46; P = 0.003) and aspartate aminotransferase peak value <1000 U/L (OR, 4.07; 95% CI, 1.64-10.75; P = 0.002) within 48 h post-LT. Patients with early recovery had a renal prognosis similar to that of patients without AKI with no difference in estimated glomerular filtration rate between day 7 and 1 y. Their relative risk of developing chronic kidney disease was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.55-1.41; P = 0.6) with survival identical to patients without AKI and better than patients without early recovery (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions.
Most patients with post-LT AKI recover early and have a similar renal prognosis and survival to those without post-LT AKI. Factors associated with early renal recovery are related to the stage of AKI, the extent of liver injury, and the early graft function. Patients at risk of not recovering may benefit the most from perioperative protective strategies, particularly those aimed at minimizing the adverse effects of calcineurin inhibitors.