bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing households’ vulnerability to desertification in rural communities of Northern Katsina, Nigeria
Authors: Yahaya Olanrewaju Yusuf , Malik Nurudeen Adesola 
Published: December 2021

Rural livelihood and economic development in northern Nigeria has been characterised by the devastating effects of desertification. This paper provides an avenue to examine the peculiar factors influencing vulnerability to desertification among farm households of rural communities in desertification prone areas of Katsina State. Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select 633 respondents in 18 rural communities from the six local government areas chosen for the study. The research instruments used were questionnaire, key informant interview and focus group discussion. Findings revealed that 93% of the respondents were from male-headed farm households, 71% were above 45 years of age and 80% have no basic primary education. Millet was the most important crop grown and 73% were full time farmers. The main perceived causes of desertification are climate change, deforestation, acts of God and environmental mismanagement. Effects of desertification were manifested in declining crop yields, loss of farmlands as well as the extinction of flora and fauna species. The factors influencing vulnerability of farm households to desertification were the ages of household heads, farming status, size of the households, access to non-farm income, migration and improved seed varieties (p < 0.05). The study, therefore, recommended the need to promote adult education, increase access to improved seed varieties and farm input, encourage livelihood diversification, intensified efforts towards effective management of environmental resources, and the involvement of vulnerable groups in the formulation and implementation of policies aimed at combating desertification.
Present-day stress field pattern in the Vrancea seismic zone (Romania) deduced from earthquake focal mechanism inversion
Authors: Andrei Bala  , Mircea Radulian  , Dragos Toma-Danila  
Published: December 2021

Vrancea seismogenic zone in the South-Eastern Carpathians is characterized by localized intermediate-depth seismicity. Due to its complex geodynamics and large strain release, Vrancea represents a key element in the Carpatho-Pannonian system. Data from a recently compiled catalogue of fault plane solutions (REFMC) are inverted to evaluate stress regime in Vrancea on depth. A single predominant downdip extensive regime is obtained in all considered clusters, including the crustal layers located above the Vrancea slab. The prevalent stress regime confirms previous investigations and requires some mantle-crust coupling. The S3 principal stress is close to vertical, while S1 and S2 are horizontal, oriented perpendicularly and respectively tangentially to the Carpathians Arc bend. This configuration is present at any depth level. According to seismicity patterns, there are two main active segments in the Vrancea intermediate-depth domain, at 55 – 105 km and 105 – 180 km, both able to generate major events. The configuration of the tectonic stresses as resulted from inversion is similar in both segments. Also, high fault instability (I > 0.95) is characterizing the segments. The only notable difference is given by the friction and stress ratio parameters which drop down in the bottom segment from μ = 0.95 to μ = 0.55 and from R = 0.51 to R = 0.29. This variation is attributed to possible weakening processes activated below 100 km depth and can explain the intensification of seismicity production as earthquake rate and average energy release in the lower segment versus the upper segment.
Interpretation of Sense/Meaning in the Communicative Field
Authors: Tajsin Emilia A. , Gurianov Alexei S. 
Published: December 2021

The past century has shown the conversion of a so-called anthropological turn which began with works of Franz Brentano, into a linguistic turn (Richard Rorty’s term). The philosophy of language took the place of what once had been classical theory of cognition. It has become either a kind of epistemology, or analytical philosophy, or even a general theory of knowledge called in Greece, Germany and Russia gnoseology (from Greek: gnosis - knowledge).
It is necessary to make some clarifications in understanding the current intellectual situation in the field of communication theory.
Communication is a term containing a root morpheme ‘uni’ with the meaning of “one”, “unity”. For our purposes, the English word “conversation” is more suitable because, denoting a talk, it actually has the primary existential meaning of “living together”. Developing this topic, we can rely on the classic research in the field of theory and practice of communication conducted over several decades by the American specialist in the field of social psychology Deborah Tannen.
Medicion de la calidad del aire en la cuenca del lago de patzcuaro mediante el uso de un red de monitoreo perimetral
Authors: Varela Tania Paulina Pulido , Almanza Mariela De La Cruz , Yépez Félix Aldair Cázarez , Cázarez Marcial Reyes 
Published: December 2021

Se pretende llevar a cabo una red de monitoreo en la cuenca del lago de Pátzcuaro con la finalidad de medir la calidad del aire tomando en cuenta los contaminantes atmosféricos presentes en suelo y agua, a causa de que en el Estado de Michoacán no se da un correcto monitoreo en cuestiones de calidad. Mediante el uso de sensores para medir los siguientes parámetros. Aire: CO2, O3, CH4, Material Particulado.
Suelo: Temperatura, Humedad, Conductividad eléctrica. Agua: Temperatura, Sólidos Suspendidos Totales, pH, Conductividad eléctrica. Los resultados que se pretenden obtener son tomar mediciones no solo atmosféricas sino también en áreas como el agua y el suelo, de manera que sea posible un monitoreo completo de los contaminantes, desarrollar un dispositivo autónomo en la obtención de datos atmosféricos, para llevar un control estadístico de los mismos y lograr una estación amable con la naturaleza y que no sea intimidante con la fauna, dándole un aspecto de flora nativa.
El complejo hidrocarburífero en Mendoza
Authors: Canafoglia Eliana , Culós Verónica 
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo procura definir el aporte del complejo hidrocarburífero mendocino a la matriz productiva, el empleo y los ingresos públicos e indagar sobre la dinámica de su comercialización. Estos aspectos se relacionan para caracterizarlo en sus fases de upstream y downstream, con énfasis en su composición, los actores económicos y la dinámica de su cadena productiva durante los años 2016-2019. El método de investigación es eminentemente cuantitativo, basado en datos estadísticos de diversas fuentes gubernamentales. La participación de actores públicos y privados en el complejo denota un alto involucramiento de YPF en todas las fases del proceso. En el upstream, prevalece una modalidad de asociaciones estratégicas entre actores de distinto origen (nacional/transnacional) y tamaño (única empresa/conglomerado de accionistas) y una importante participación directa en el downstream. Esto se traduce en la presencia preponderante de YPF en todo el complejo socioproductivo, con una fuerte incidencia en la dinámica de comercialización.
Palabras clave: economía regional; hidrocarburos; complejo socioproductivo;estructura del mercado
Cost-effectiveness analysis of COVID-19 vaccination in Poland
Authors: Orlewska Katarzyna , Wierzba Waldemar , Śliwczynski Andrzej 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionTo assess the potential value of the Comirnaty COVID-19 vaccination in Poland.Material and methodsMarkov model with 1-week cycles was used to estimate patient events, direct medical costs, utilities and cost-effectiveness for one year with and without implementing the Comirnaty vaccine in Poland. The incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained vs. no vaccine was calculated for the general population as well as for selected age-groups.ResultsIn the base case analysis the incremental cost per QALY gained associated with vaccinating the whole population amounted 6,249 PLN. For individuals aged 60-69 and >80 vaccination proved to be less costly and more effective than no vaccination. The incremental cost per QALY gained when vaccinating individuals aged 40-49 and 30-39 amounted 28,135 PLN and 67,823 PLN, respectively. In the general population and in younger subpopulations the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was most sensitive to the vaccine effectiveness, vaccine price and SARS-CoV-2 infection rates.ConclusionsWhen prioritization is required due to supply constraints, vaccination of elderly is justified as it allows to achieve highest number of QALY gained and generates savings to the health care system. Continual update of the model concerning vaccine real-life effectiveness and epidemic course is required to refine the prioritisation scheme in the future.
Clinicopathologic characteristics, therapeutic modalities and survival outcomes of plasmablastic lymphoma: A real-world study
Authors: Zheng Yan-Hua , Xie Kun , Shen Hong-Yuan , Wan Zhuo , Gao Shan , Sun Wen-Rui , Gao Guang-Xun , Liu Li , Feng Juan 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionPlasmablastic lymphoma(PBL)，an extremely rare subtype of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, is characterized by aggressiveness, rapid progression and bleak prognosis. Neither standardized regimen nor consensus for PBL treatment has been established.Material and methodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathologic characteristics, therapeutic modalities and survival outcomes of 418 patients registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2008 to 2016 and 21 (19 treated) patients in our institution. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank test for overall survival and disease-specific survival were performed to compare each variable. Variables with statistical significance in the univariate Cox regression were incorporated into the multivariate model to determine the independent prognostic factors.ResultsIn patient cohort from SEER, PBL has a striking male predilection. The median OS for all PBL patients was 17 months. The 1-year,3-year and 5-year OS rate were 54.4%, 40.4% and 37.2% respectively.Chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy could significantly reduce the risk of death and extend the patients’ survival, yielding HR of 0.209(95%CI 0.152-0.288) and 0.187(95%CI 0.089-0.394), respectively. Radiation alone seemed useless. All patients from our institution were HIV-negative. The main therapeutic regimens were CHOP or CHOPE, DA-EPOCH, DHAP and ESHAP. Complete response was achieved in only 3 patients, while partial response in 10 patients. The median OS was 7 months. Fourteen patients later died of the disease progression.ConclusionsPrevious malignancy history, Ann Arbor stage and therapeutic modality were independent prognostic factors. Bortezomib combined with DA-EPOCH may serve as an effective regimen for PBL. The optimal therapeutic modality necessitates further exploration.
Upaya Peningkatan Profesionalisme Guru Al-Islam dan Kemuhammadiyahan Pemula di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah
Authors: Indra Sukri  , Aguswan Rasyid  , Mursal  
Published: December 2021

This research was conducted in order to see problems such as some students during the learning process of teaching al-Islam material and Kemuhammadiyahan there are students who are noisy, chatty and so on, when the teacher of Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan is finished. explaining and the teacher giving feedback or asking the students, some students do not understand and can not answer it, there are still many problems of student discipline in the subjects of Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan when the teacher gives exercises or submits notes about Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan, the majority of students are noisy and uneasy, those who are slow in learning Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan do not respond to learning positively then are not motivated to learn. Related to the above problems, this study aims to outline the efforts made by leaders in improving teacher profession. The method used in this study is qualitative, data collection techniques include observation, interview and documentation studies. All data collected is then analyzed with a qualitative approach. The result of this study is that the efforts made by the leadership in improving the professionalism of al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan teachers are through coaching, routine activities of al-Islam and Islamic studies. There are several supporting factors that facilitate the realization of the improvement of the professionalism of al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan teachers in MI Teluk Kuantan is the full support of the leadership of Muhammadiyah Riau region.
Transformation digitale et achat public : procédures dématérialisées, cas de l’Université Hassan II – Casablanca –
Authors: GHYATI Soufiane , KASBAOUI Tarik 
Published: December 2021

La commande publique représente une part importante des dépenses publiques : entre 15% et 17% du PIB du Maroc. La dématérialisation de la procédure des marchés publics se présente comme seule et unique solution devant les entités publiques pour renforcer leur efficacité en termes d’engagements et d’émissions. La dématérialisation de la procédure des achats des Universités va permettre d’améliorer leur efficacité et à participer à l’atteinte des objectifs de bonne gouvernance dans la gestion de la chose publique.
Dans le cadre de cette recherche, nous allons adopter une méthode d’étude qualitative basée sur un entretien en profondeur. Cette étude aura comme objectif d’étudier la fonction des achats au sein de l’Université Hassan II – Casablanca et de proposer une démarche qui intègre la digitalisation comme étant une variable importante du développement de cette fonction. L’administration dudit guide au niveau de 19 établissements, nous a permis de collecter les réponses de 13 établissements, soit un taux de couverture de la population cible de 68,42%.
Analysis of the racial profile of women with COVID-19: a cross-sectional study about evolution to death of black women in the southeast region of Brazil
Authors: Fonseca Marayah Sampaio Ruas da , Almeida Fernanda Dias Guimarães , Guimarães Gabriel Mendes Moura Ossola , Lima Fabieli Helena Paulo Comeira de , Amaral Samara Jared Mendes , Tokumoto Thais , Belmonte Terezinha de Souza Agra 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The first coronavirus disease (COVID-19) case in Brazil was registered in December 2019. Since then, an important social situation has been highlighted. Black women correspond to the highest death rate, by group, in the Southeast even not occupying the highest percentage of diagnosis. This scenario was also experienced in other places around the world. Therefore, some questions must be highlighted, such as social and economic vulnerability of black population in brazilian territory, less access to health service and testing for Covid-19. Objective: This study analyzed the clinical picture and evolution - cure or death-of black women with COVID-19 in the Southeast region. In addition, consolidating knowledge about the factors that precede death in black women and comparing them with other race groups. Methods: Cross-sectional study with data from the Ministry of Health's Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) from March to November 23, 2020, with a total number of women classified as level 5, with SARS caused by the virus SARS-Cov-2, equal to 33,991, being 21,551 white and 12,063 black. Results and Conclusion: Therefore, black women present themselves as a vulnerable group in relation to COVID-19. This group was less present in the ICU, but both groups, white and black women, had dyspnea as an aggravating factor. Considering those facts, it's possible that black women had less access, this would explain a greater number of deaths among this group compared to white women, which could signify a failure in the health care of this population. When analyzing deaths by age group, it is evident that white women followed the literature pattern - severe forms occur in patients over 65 years of age with comorbidities, while there was a rejuvenation of deaths among black women. It is a limitation of our study not to include comorbidities in the analysis. This situation becomes relevant for directing public policies that aim to reverse the factors associated with this situation. More studies are needed to elucidate the socioeconomic issues that support this outcome, seeking to reduce the number of deaths from COVID-19 in black women.
Van passend naar inclusief onderwijs?
Authors: Stolk R.J.E. 
Published: December 2021

Van passend naar inclusief onderwijs? Ontwikkelingen in het Nederlandse onderwijs langs de lat van het VN-verdrag Handicap
Wat is de betekenis van het recht op onderwijs volgens het VN-verdrag Handicap? Dat komt aan bod in dit artikel. Vervolgens worden de ontwikkelingen rondom het inclusief onderwijs in Nederland besproken, met een focus op het primair en voortgezet onderwijs. Ten slotte gaat de auteur in op de vraag hoe deze ontwikkelingen zich verhouden tot het recht op onderwijs in het VN-verdrag Handicap.
COLLATING EVIDENCE FOR A UNIVERSAL METHOD OF STABILITY ASSESSMENT OR GUIDANCE
Authors: Deakin B 
Published: December 2021

This paper reviews two related projects conducted for the Maritime and Coastguard Agency, and collates their findings with additional casualty data, in an attempt to promote a simple method of safety assessment. The method was developed by the author during research conducted for the Maritime and Coastguard Agency. It was evaluated in a subsequent research project, where the recommendations were that it was not worthy of adoption or further development for regulatory purposes.
Contrary to that evaluation, the method has received supportive comments from a number of naval architects, and this paper is offered as a means of presenting it more widely to the industry. Individuals may wish to use the method to assess their own designs, or to provide some simple safety guidance to operators.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE RELATIVE MOTIONS BETWEEN A FLOATING HARBOUR TRANSHIPPER AND A FEEDER VESSEL IN REGULAR WAVES
Authors: Macfarlane G J , Lilienthal T , Ballantyne R J , Ballantyne S 
Published: December 2021

The Floating Harbour Transhipper (FHT) is a pioneering logistics solution that was designed to meet the growing demands for coastal transhipment in the mining sector as well as commercial port operations. The primary advantage of the FHT system is that it can reduce transhipment delays caused by inclement weather, by reducing relative motions between the FHT and feeder vessel. The feeder is sheltered when inside the FHT well dock when compared to the more exposed location when a feeder is in a traditional side-by-side mooring arrangement.
This paper discusses previously published studies into the relative motions of vessels engaged in side-by-side mooring arrangements and also presents details and results from a series of physical scale model experiments. In these experiments, both side-by-side and aft well dock mooring arrangements are investigated. The results provide strong evidence that the FHT well dock concept can significantly reduce the heave, pitch and roll motions of feeder vessels when transhipping in open seas – this being the cornerstone of any successful open water transhipment operation.
HANDLING TEMPORAL COMPLEXITY IN THE DESIGN OF NON-TRANSPORT SHIPS USING EPOCH-ERA ANALYSIS
Authors: Gaspar H M , Erikstad S O , Ross A M 
Published: December 2021

A core aspect of temporal complexity in the design of non-transport vessels is the uncertainty related to the future market and contract opportunities, and the corresponding changeability that should be incorporated into the ship design to meet this uncertainty. The development of an appropriate design specification for a new ship represents a core strategic decision for ship owners as part of a fleet renewal or expansion programme, with a high financial risk and a long time horizon of typically 20-30 years. This type of temporal complexity is one out of several complexity aspects to be handled as part of a ship design process.
In this paper we model possible realizations of an uncertain future for a vessel using the Epoch-Era Analysis (EEA) method. Here, we use the epochs as the primary instrument for capturing major market developments, such as the opening of new offshore areas, new emission regulatory regimes, or the availability of new, disruptive technologies. From these, more specific epoch variables are derived, for which specific contract opportunities can be generated. The epoch-specific performance of the vessels is found by solving a Ship Design and Deployment Problem (SDDP) of concurrently identifying both a preferable ship design and the corresponding path of consecutive contracts that maximizes total revenue.
We present a case study related to the design of an Anchor Handling Tug Supply (AHTS) vessel. The study illustrates the complexity in striking the correct balance between optimizing the vessel for an initial scenario, while at the same time providing addition performance capabilities to be competitive in the context of future market requirements.
VIRTUAL ARRIVAL: A REAL OPTION FOR ENERGY SAVING?
Authors: Capurso V , Ferrando M , Gualeni P , Viviani M 
Published: December 2021

The maritime traffic is the real backbone of the international transport of goods in the world and it is driven by a severe observance of time scheduling. Nevertheless, mainly in relation with the most traveled routes, frequently it might happen that port facilities are congested, and the time schedule for ship load/unload operations is accordingly delayed. In this circumstance the choice is between meeting the original ETA (estimated time of arrival) and then let the ship riding at anchor or slowing down the ship in order to adjust the arrival to the actually needed time window.
The latter option is called "Virtual Arrival"[1] because it consists of applying a speed reduction that fits the new time for port operations instead of arriving at the original ETA. The purpose of this paper is to investigate to what extent the Virtual Arrival policy could be a valuable option providing a reasonable energy saving for ships. The potential benefits are considerable and they result in direct saving in fuel consumption, reduction of CO2 emissions and less congested port areas.
FATIGUE ASSESSMENT OF SHIP SUPERSTRUCTURE AT EXPANSION JOINT
Authors: Petinov S V , Guchinsky R V 
Published: December 2021

Despite the long history of application of subdivided superstructures and deckhouses, and efforts of ship designers and researchers a sensible solution in design of reliable details at the cut endings was not found yet. It may be explained as consequence of controversial requirements in design of the cut endings.
Fatigue design of the superstructure details is addressed to solution of the problem. Presented is an example of fatigue design of the cut ending in a fast ship superstructure based on application of modified «Strain-Life» criterion for fatigue and subsequent approach which utilizes Neuber’s formula and material cyclic properties. To realize the approach a procedure of the long-term stress distribution transformation to the block-type format is developed. Efficiency of the developed technique is illustrated by comparing the results with those of application standard S-N criteria based techniques. The results of analysis allowed selection of the expansion joint detail of the superstructure geometry and construction procedure providing necessary reliability.