bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NtrC, The Master Regulator Controls the Utilization of Alternative Nitrogen Sources in Pseudomonas Stutzeri A1501
Authors: Yang Zhimin , Li Qin , Yan Yongliang , Ke Xiubin , Han Yueyue , Wu Shaoyu , Lv Fanyang , Shao Yahui , Jiang Shanshan , Lin Min , Zhang Yunhua , Zhan Yuhua 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501 is the model strain for studying associative nitrogen fixation and possesses the nitrogen regulatory NtrC protein in the core genome. Nitrogen source is one of the important factors affecting the efficiency of biological nitrogen fixation in the natural environment. However, the regulation of NtrC in nitrogen metabolism of P. stutzeri A1501 is not clear. In this work, phenotypic analysis of the ntrC mutant characterized the roles of NtrC for the nitrogen metabolism and oxidative stress response of P. stutzeri A1501. To systematically identify NtrC-controlled gene expression, RNA-seq was performed to further analyze the gene expression differences between the wild type strain and the ∆ntrC mutant under nitrogen fixation conditions. A total of 1431 genes were found to be significantly altered by the ntrC deletion, among which 147 associative genes had NtrC-binding sites, and pathways for nitrogen fixation regulation, the acquisition and catabolism of nitrogenous compounds and nitrate assimilation were particularly discussed. Furthermore, the oxidative stress-related gene (katB), upregulated by the ntrC deletion, was suggested to be the potential target gene of NtrC, underlining the importance of NtrC to nitrogenase protection against oxygen damage. Based on these findings, we propose that NtrC is a high-ranked element in the regulatory network of P. stutzeri A1501 that controls a variety of nitrogen metabolic and oxidative stress responsive traits required for adaptation to complex rhizosphere environment.
Tight Gas Reservoir Dynamic Reserve Calculation with Modified Flowing Material Balance Method
Authors: He Jie , Guo Xiangdong , Cui Hongjun , Lei Kaiyu , Lei Yanyun , Zhou Lin , Liu Qinghai , Zhu Yushuang , Liu Linyu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The determination of dynamic reserves of gas well is an important basis for rational production allocation and development of a single well. The commonly used flow material balance method (FMB method) uses the slope of the curve of wellhead pressure and cumulative production after stable production of gas well to replace the slope of the curve of average formation pressure and cumulative production to calculate the controlled reserves of single well. However, based on the theoretical calculation, the FMB method ignores the change of natural gas compression coefficient, viscosity and deviation coefficient in the production process. After considering these changes, the slope of the curve of the relationship between bottom hole pressure and cumulative production and the slope of the curve of the relationship between average formation pressure and cumulative production are not equal. In order to solve this problem, the influence of pressure on each parameter is considered, and the equation of modified flowing material balance method is derived. The application of Yan'an gas field in Ordos Basin shows that: compared with the results of the material balance method, the result of the flow material balance method is smaller, and the maximum error is 58.816%. The consequence of the modified mobile material balance method is more accurate, and the average error is 2.114%, which has good applicability. This study provides technical support for an accurate evaluation of dynamic reserves of tight gas wells in Yan'an gas field, and has important guiding significance for economic and efficient development of gas reservoir.
Immuno-Genomic Landscape of Cutaneous Melanoma Identifies a Prognostic and Immunotherapeutically Relevant Gene Signature
Authors: Yang Ronghua , Sun Yidan , Chen Tianqi , Li Jiehua , Pi Xiaobing , Xiang Shijian , Gao Runxing , Chen Xiaodong , Zhou Sitong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe tumorigenesis of Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is still a mystery. Our study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the immune cell infiltration in the TME of SKCM. Based on the differential expression genes in the cluster grouped by the immune infiltration status, a set of hub genes related to the clinical prognosis of SKCM and tumor immune infiltration were explored.MethodsWe analyzed the immune cell infiltration in two independent cohorts, and then assessed the relationship between the internal pattern of immune cell infiltration and SKCM characteristics, including clinicopathological features, potential biological pathways and gene mutations. We further divided the three clusters of differential genes into two groups with different unique biological processes. The Signature gene-A gene set was mainly manifested as exon skipping (ES) in SKCM patients, while the Signature gene-B gene set has no obvious alternative splicing form. Subsequently, we not only analyzed the genetic variation of the two signatures, but also constructed a ceRNA regulatory network..LASSO Cox regression was utilized to find the immune infiltration signature and the risk score of SKCM. ResultWe finally obtained 13 Hub genes, and calculated the risk score based on the coefficient of each gene to further explore the impact of the high and low-risk score on the biologically related functions and prognosis of SKCM patients.The correlation between the risk score and the clinicopathological characteristics of SKCM patients indicated that the low risk score was associated with TMECluster-A classification (P <0.001) and metastatic SKCM (P <0.001). We finally obtained 13 Hub genes which showed different prognostic effects in pan-cancers. The IHC staining results showed that Ube2L6, SRPX2, IFIT2 were higher expression while CLEC4E, END3, KIR2DL4 were lower expression in 25 melanoma specimens.ConclusionWe performed a comprehensive assessment of SKCM's immune environment and constructed a set of unprecedented immune signatures related to the immune landscape (EDN3、CLEC4E、SRPX2、KIR2DL4、UBE2L6、IFIT2), which are correlated with the different prognosis and drug response of SKCM. The immune gene signature we constructed can be used as a robust prognostic biomarker of SKCM and a predictor of immunotherapy effect.
Sentinel Node Biopsy or Neck Dissection for Early-Stage Oral Cancer For Long Term Follow-Up: Matched-Pair Analysis for pN0 Necks
Authors: Chone Carlos Takahiro , de Carvalho Guilherme M. , Kruschewsky Maria , Crespo Agricio N. , Etchebehere Elba C. , Altemani Albina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Oral cancer spreads preferentially through lymphatics with a high rate of micrometastases. We studied the rate of neck recurrence in patients with T1/T2 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral cavity with clinically negative necks (cN0) submitted to elective neck dissection (END) or sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with a histopathologically negative specimen of END (pN0) or sentinel nodes (SN). Methods: Prospective study matched paired with a retrospective control group. We studied forty-three patients: 25 in the SLNB group and 18 in the control group (END), and compared both patient cohorts, with negative lymph node metastases with more than five years of follow-up. We matched both groups by gender, age, site, stage, pathological status of the primary lesion, adjuvant treatment, length of follow-up by Odds ratio analysis with 95% confidence interval and t-test without significant difference all categories(p>0.05). Results: Both SLNB and END groups had a similar recurrence rate in the neck, without significant difference. Conclusions: Elective neck dissection may be unnecessary in this study population when SN comes out without metastases after extensive histopathological evaluation.
Comparison of the Discrimination Capacity of the ROX and HACOR Scales to Predict High-flow Nasal Cannula Failure in Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia
Authors: Lucero Oscar , Valencia Carlos Fernando , Castro Onofre Casas , Sanko Andrey , Olejua Peter Alfonso 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe pandemic of SARSCov2 infection has created a challenge in health services worldwide. Some scales have been applied to evaluate the risk of intubation, such as the ROX and HACOR. The objective of this study is to compare the predictive capacity of the HACOR scale and the ROX index and define the optimal cut-off points.MethodsStudy of diagnostic tests based on a retrospective cohort. Composite outcome was the proportion of patients that needed orotracheal intubation or died of COVID19 pneumonia. Discrimination capacity was compared by the area under the curve of each of the two scales and the optimal cut-off point was determined using the Liu method.Results245 patients were included, of which 140 (57.14%) required OTI and 152 (62.04%) had the composite end result of HFNC failure. The discrimination capacity was similar for the two scales with an AUROC of 0.71 and 0.72 for the HACOR scale for the ROX index, respectively. The optimal cut-off point for the ROX index was 5.62 (sensitivity 62% specificity 65%), while the optimal cut-off point for the HACOR scale was 5.5 (sensitivity 66% specificity 65%).ConclusionsThe HACOR scale and the ROX index have a moderate predictive capacity to predict failures to the HFNC strategy. They can be used in conjunction with other clinical variables to define which patients may require invasive mechanical ventilation.
Treatment of De Novo Chronic Total Occlusions with Drug-Coated Balloon-Only
Authors: Shin Eun-Seok , jun Eun Jung , Teoh Eu-Vin , Bhak Youngjune , Yuan Song Lin , Chu Chong-Mow , Garg Scot , Liew Houng Bang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the impact of angiographic and clinical outcomes of the drug-coated balloon (DCB)-only treatment for de novo coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO). One hundred one vessels with de novo CTO lesions dilated by balloon angioplasty with thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow-grade 3 were assigned. Among them, we analyzed 93-vessel treated using DCB-only treatment. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), a composite of cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), target vessel revascularization (TVR), and target vessel thrombosis. The secondary endpoint was late lumen loss (LLL) on follow-up coronary angiography. All 84-patient were followed up clinically, and 67-vessel underwent scheduled coronary angiography after 6-month. There were no procedural complications, and three vessels required bailout-stenting. MACE occurred in 14 patients, including 2 cardiac deaths, 3 non-fatal MIs, and 11 TVRs. There was no target vessel thrombosis. The mean LLL was 0.03 ± 0.53mm. Binary restenosis occurred in 10 and re-occlusion in 2 vessels. The results from a 2-year follow-up with DCB-only treatment are encouraging, with a low rate of hard endpoints and acceptable MACE rates. It may offer an alternative to the implantation of a drug-eluting stent if the CTO lesions have TIMI flow-grade 3 after pre-dilation.
Araloside C Prevent Myocardial Cell Apoptosis Through Regulating PI3K/AKt to Relieve Heart Failure
Authors: Zhao Xingsheng , Ren Yu , Ren Hongkun , Wu Yun , Liu Xi , Chen Hua , Ying Chun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Araloside C (AsC), a natural saponin isolated from Aralia elata, has a wide range of anti-inflammatory properties and has been found in recent years to have heart-protective effects. Present study aimed to determine the effects of AsC on myocardial cell apoptosis through regulating PI3K/AKt. Methods and Results Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPadPrism7.0 software. The differences between two groups and multiple groups were analyzed using t-test and one-way ANOVA, respectively. In vivo results showed that AsC administration could improve cardiac functions and apoptotic rate in HF model through PI3K/AKt signaling pathway, including increasing left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS), and decreasing left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) in detection of myocardial function, inhibiting LDH, CK, CK-MB, CK and HBDH in biochemical index level assessment, inhibiting BNP, ANG II, IL-1b, IL-4, IL-6 and TNF-a in immunological index level. ASC regulates the expression of key apoptotic molecules, including increasing the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax. ASC also regulates phosphorylation of p-PI3K and p-Akt.Conclusion This study suggested for the first time that AsC could partially regulate the PI3K/AKt signaling pathway to prevent myocardial cell apoptosis. This study provided a basis for further research on effective substances in the treatment of HF.
Construction and Validation of Convenient Clinicopathologic Signatures for Predicting the Prognosis of Stage I-III Gastric Cancer
Authors: You Weiqiang , Cai Zerong , Sheng Nengquan , Yan Li , Wan Huihui , Wang Yongkun , Ouyang Jian , Xie Lu , Wu Xiaojian , Wang Zhigang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPatients with stage I-III gastric cancer (GC) undergoing R0 radical resection display extremely different prognosis. How to discriminate high-risk patients with poor survival conveniently is a clinical conundrum to be solved urgently.MethodsPatients with stage I-III GC from 2010 to 2016 at Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital were included in our study. The associations of clinicopathological features with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were examined via Cox proportional hazard model. Nomograms were developed which systematically integrated prognosis-related features. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to compare DFS and OS among groups. The results were then externally validated by The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University.ResultsA total of 585 and 410 patients were included in the discovery cohort and in the validation cohort. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that T stage, N stage, lymphatic/vascular/nerve infiltration, preoperative CEA and CA199 were independent prognostic factors (P < 0.05). The 3-year and 5-year calibration curves based on the nomograms showed perfect correlation between predicted and observed outcomes. Distinct differences were noticed in the survival of different risk groups (p < 0.001). Patients with low risk signature had a 5-year rate of 84.0% for DFS and 83.0% for OS, whereas high risk signature had the worst 5-year rate (only 35.0% for DFS and 24.0% for OS). Similar results were achieved in validation cohort.ConclusionsThe signatures based on clinicopathologic features demonstrate the powerful ability to conveniently identify distinct subpopulations, which may provide significant suggestions for individual follow-up and adjuvant therapy.
Role and Mechanism of Chronic Restraint Stress in Regulating Energy Metabolism and Reproductive Function Through Hypothalamic Kisspeptin Neurons
Authors: Huang Yin-qiong , Wen Junping , Chen Gang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, affecting energy homeostasis and reproductive function. The hypothalamic Kisspeptin neurons might be a new important central target in stress affecting energy metabolism and reproductive function.The aim of this study is to investigate whether stress affected energy metabolism and reproductive function through the glucocorticoid receptor on Kisspeptin neurons in the hypothalamus. Methods: There were four groups, that were control group, chronic restraint stress group (stress group), Kisspeptin specific glucocorticoid receptor knock out group (KGRKO group) and KGRKO+stress group. Body weight, food intake, the estrous cycle of female mice, serum sex hormone levels, serum corticosterone and prolactin, Kisspeptin expression in the hypothalamus were measured. Results: The restraint stress group showed a significant weight loss compared with the control group. Compared with the restraint stress group, the KGRKO+restraint stress group had a reduced weight loss, suggesting that restraint stress might partially affect the energy metabolism through GR on Kisspeptin neurons. In terms of reproductive function, the restraint stress group and the KGRKO+restraint stress group showed missing pre-estrus period or prolonged estrous cycles. Serum LH and FSH in KGRKO + restraint stress group decreased significantly compared with KGRKO group. However, no significant difference in the level of serum testosterone was observed. After restraint stress, the levels of serum cortisol and prolactin in male and female mice were significantly higher than the control group, and the hypothalamus Kiss1 gene mRNA expression and Kisspeptin protein expression were significantly decreased. Conclusion: Chronic restraint stress induced weight loss in mice. Chronic restraint stress played a negative role in regulating reproductive function. The effects of chronic restraint stress on energy metabolism and reproduction were partially mediated by glucocorticoid receptor on Kisspeptin neurons in the hypothalamus.
Gender Difference in Health Condition Among Emirati Adolescent: Role of Environment and Parent Perceptions
Authors: Maghelal Praveen , Alawadi Khaled , Wahdain Abeer 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is one of the developed nations in the middle-east with the obesity rate among the youth two to three times greater than the international standards. Therefore, this research aims to study the variation of perception of the built environment among Emirati male and female adolescents and their parents. Also, the role of determinants of the health condition of Emirati adolescents is analyzed. Method: A total of 335 students (aged 14-20) from six schools in the Al Ain region of Abu Dhabi Emirate and 250 parent responses were used to conduct the mean-test of perception of hindrances and multinomial logit of the health condition using the perception, behavior and built environment measures. Results: Emirati males perceive the built environment factors as barriers more than female adolescents. Parents perceive street-crossing (p<0.016) and sidewalk characteristics (p<0.020) to be more of a hindrance to walking to school than students. Traffic exposure and walkability at home and schools report a significant effect on the health condition of the Emirati adolescents along with the self-reported physical activity. Marginal effect reports sedentary and low-levels of activity predicts the probability of an Emirati adolescent being not just overweight or obese (p<0.001), but also underweight (p<0.05)Conclusion: Recommendations for parents and school authorities, Abu Dhabi Municipality and Urban Planning department, and to enhance the built environment are discussed. Also recommendation to address both, levels of obesity and being underweight, are discussed.
In Vitro Induction and Assessment of Tetraploid Plants From Shoot Cultures of Diploid Niger (Guizotia Abyssinica (L.f.) Cass): a Multipurpose Oilseed Crop
Authors: Chambhare Mahadev Ramkisan , Nikam Tukaram Dayaram 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Agronomic traits improvement in crop plant can be accomplished by induction of polyploidy. Niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.) is one of the important edible oil yielding diploid crop (2n = 30). In the present study, the tetraploidization in Niger plants was achieved by treating apical portion of in vitro raised shoots with colchicine and their confirmation by chromosome counting and flow cytometry. The in vitro shoots were raised from leaf explants on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP (6-benzylaminopurine). The survival and nature of growth of treated shoots was variable with colchicine concentration (0.0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, and 0.04%) and exposure time (4, 8, 12, and 16 h). The maximum tetraploid induction ratio was recorded with 0.02% colchicine treatment for 8 h which yielded 38.4% tetraploids. The chromosome number in root cells of tetraploid plantlets was 2n=4x=60 and the DNA content in leaf cells was 10.34 pg which was double to the diploid plant (4.70 pg) cells. In addition, there was significant difference exist in leaf characteristics of diploid and tetraploid plantlets. Compared to diploid plantlets, the tetraploid plantlets showed larger leaves, larger stomatal size, low stomatal index, larger capitula, larger seeds, and a greater number of seeds per capitula. The oil content in seeds was higher and associated with altered fatty acid profile. The results demonstrated that the tetraploid plantlets obtained in this study exhibited some superior agronomical traits (as mentioned above) compared to diploid. The developed protocol and produced tetraploid plantlets will open the new door in improvement of edible oil yielding crop Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.
CK2α/CSNK2A1 Induces Resistance to Doxorubicin Through SIRT6 Mediated Activation of the DNA Damage Repair Pathway
Authors: Hussein Usama Khamis , Ahmed Asmaa Gamal , Song Yiping , Park See-Hyoung , Kim Kyoung Min , Moon Young Jae , Ahn Ae-Ri , Park Ho Sung , Ahn Su Jin , Kim Jung Ryul , Jang Kyu Yun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

BackgroundCK2α/CSNK2A1 is involved in cancer progression by phosphorylating various signaling molecules. Considering the role of CSNK2A1 in cancer progression and phosphorylation of SIRT6 and the role of SIRT6 in chemoresistance through the DNA damage repair pathway, CSNK2A1 and SIRT6 might be involved in resistance to the conventional anti-cancer therapies.MethodsWe evaluated the expression of CSNK2A1 in the 37 osteosarcoma patients and investigated the effects of CSNK2A1 and phosphorylation of SIRT6 on Ser338 on the resistance to the anti-cancer effects of doxorubicin. Results Higher expression of CSNK2A1 predicted shorter overall survival and relapse-free survival in both general osteosarcoma patients and sub-population of patients who received postoperative chemotherapies. U2OS and KHOS/NP osteosarcoma cells with induced overexpression of CSNK2A1 were resistant to cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin, and knock-down of CSNK2A1 potentiated the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin. CSNK2A1 overexpression-mediated resistance to doxorubicin was associated with SIRT6 phosphorylation and induction of the DNA damage repair pathway molecules ATM and Chk2. CSNK2A1 and SIRT6 mediated resistance to doxorubicin in vivo was attenuated via mutation of SIRT6 at the Ser338 phosphorylation site. Emodin, a CSNK2A1 inhibitor, potentiated the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin in osteosarcoma cells in vitro. ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that the expression of CSNK2A1 might be used as a prognostic indicator of osteosarcoma. In addition, it suggests that CSNK2A1 induces resistance to doxorubicin through phosphorylation of SIRT6-mediated activation of the DNA damage repair pathway. Therefore, blocking the CSNK2A1-SIRT6-DNA damage repair pathway might be a new therapeutic stratagem for the poor prognostic subgroup of osteosarcomas with high expression of CSNK2A1.