bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of dimensional accuracy of metal droplet deposition under repulsion using a lattice Boltzmann approach
Authors: Ren Yanlin , Liu Zhaomiao , Pang Yan , Wang Xiang , Gao Shanshan 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the influence of droplet infiltration and sliding on the deposition size and make a uniform deposition by controlling the interaction between droplets, using the three-dimensional lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) based on the actual working condition.

Design/methodology/approach
D3Q19 Shan-Chen LB approach is developed and optimized based on the metal droplet deposition. The Carnahan-Starling equation of state and transition layers are introduced to maintain the greater stability and low pseudo velocities. In addition, an additional collision term is adopted to implement immersed moving boundary scheme to deal with no-slip boundaries on the front of the phase change.

Findings
The numerical results show that the new¬ incoming droplet wet and slide off the solidified surface and the rejection between droplets are the reasons for the deviation of the actual deposition length. The total length of the longitudinal section negatively correlates with the deposition distance. To improve the dimensional accuracy, the deposition distance and repulsion rate need to be guaranteed. The optimal deposition distance is found to have a negative linear correlation with wettability.

Originality/value
The numerical model developed in this paper will help predict the continuous metal droplet deposition and provide guidance for the selection of deposition distance.
Mobile-based value co-creation: contextual factors towards customer experiences
Authors: Lei Sut Ieng , Wang Dan , Law Rob 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Collecting information from and interacting with customers through mobile platforms for personalization purposes have become a trend. While mobile-based value co-creation has attracted wide research attention, a noticeable gap exists regarding what might potentially affect the firm–customer interaction process through which value is co-created. This paper aims to explore how customers exchange information and communicate with firms through mobile applications for value co-creation purposes in a travel context.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on a constructivist research paradigm, this study adopted a qualitative research design. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and were analyzed following narrative analysis approach.

Findings
The findings highlight the contextual factors (individual characteristics, trip characteristics and computer-mediated communication characteristics) that facilitate and inhibit the firm–customer interaction process. Practitioners are suggested to put more efforts on creating stimuli for interactions and managing customer expectation.

Research limitations/implications
This study goes beyond technology adoption and focuses on customers’ post-adoption stage. The findings shed light on the important role of the service provider in facilitating effective interactions for value co-creation with customers.

Originality/value
This study focuses on the interaction process, rather than the antecedents and outcomes of mobile-based value co-creation. It contributes empirical evidence on how customers co-create value and why some situations present better opportunities for successful value co-creation.
Electroacupuncture alleviates spatial memory deficits in METH withdrawal mice by enhancing astrocyte‐mediated glutamate clearance in the dCA1
Authors: He Teng , Li Nanqin , Shi Pengbo , Xu Xing , Nie Jiaxun , Lu Xue , Yu Peiyao , Fan Yu , Ge Feifei , Guan Xiaowei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMethamphetamine (METH) elicits endogenous glutamate (Glu) in the brain, which could partially explain METH‐induced memory deficits. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on spatial memory deficits in METH withdrawal mice and its potential synaptic mechanisms. We found that EA at acupoints ‘Baihui’ and ‘Yintang’ ameliorated the impaired spatial memory in METH withdrawal mice. In parallel, EA attenuated the Glu levels in vivo and suppressed the neuronal activities within dCA1 of METH withdrawal mice, as indicated by the decreasing c‐Fos levels and the amplitude of mEPSP. In the dCA1, EA decreased A1‐like astrocytes but increased astrocytic glutamatergic transporting molecules including glutamate transporter 1 and glutamine synthase. However, EA seemed to have no effects on presynaptic Glu transmission from the dCA3, as evidenced by the similiar levels of c‐Fos in the dCA3 neurons, synaptic vesicular markers of dCA3 neural terminals and values of paired‐pulse ratio in the dCA1 neurons between EA‐treated and sham EA‐treated METH withdrawal mice. These findings suggest that EA might normalize the dCA1 Glu levels at least in part through enhancing astrocyte‐mediated Glu clearance. Taken together, astrocytes might be a novel target for developing therapeutic interventions against the impaired memory behaviours in METH users, and EA represents a promising non‐invasive therapeutic strategy for the management of drug‐caused memory deficits.
Parties as Disciplinarians: Charisma and Commitment Problems in Programmatic Campaigning
Authors: Hollyer James R. , Klašnja Marko , Titiunik Rocío 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe study how parties balance the benefits of disciplined programmatic campaigning with the electoral appeal of charismatic but potentially unfaithful candidates. We incorporate the well‐known collective action problem arising from candidates' inability to fully internalize the fruits of programmatic brand building. Although parties may strategically use promotions to induce brand building efforts, we show that the party may be unable to commit to such a promotion scheme when the electoral returns to candidate charisma are high. We further demonstrate how electoral volatility and parties' ingroup loyalties shape their commitment to reward brand building. Volatility increases the focus on candidate charisma and decreases programmatic campaigning, but only among parties with weak group attachments. Parties with loyal partisans place emphasis on both candidate charisma and programmatic messaging. Empirical analyses of cross‐national data and quantitative and qualitative case studies in Brazil, Austria, and Spain are consistent with our predictions.
Three‐dimensional structure of testis cords in mice and rats
Authors: Nakata Hiroki , Omotehara Takuya , Itoh Masahiro , Iseki Shoichi , Mizokami Atsushi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundTestis cord elongation and coiling, which occur in the final stage of testis formation, have been attributed to Sertoli cell proliferation; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to clarify the precise three‐dimensional structure of testis cords in the final stage of testis formation in mice and rats.Materials and methodsWe reconstructed whole testis cords in the final stage of testis formation in mice (on embryonic days 15.5 and 18.5) and rats (on embryonic days 16.5 and 19.5) using serial paraffin sections and high‐performance three‐dimensional reconstruction software.ResultsDetailed morphometric parameters were calculated for three‐dimensionally reconstructed testis cords in six mouse and rat testes each. The mean numbers of testis cords in mice and rats were 12.7 and 27.8, respectively. The mean number of branching points per testis cord was 1.52 in mice, whereas it was only 0.30 in rats. In contrast, the mean ratio of the inner cords, that is, cords not in contact with the tunica albuginea, was 23.0% in rats, whereas it was only 6.5% in mice. In both species, the cords on the cranial side coiled more strongly than those on the caudal side, consistent with the greater expansion of the testis volume on the caudal side. All cords formed right‐handed helices from the rete testis side.Discussion and conclusionsThe present results suggest that testis cords undergo anastomosis at a higher frequency in mice than in rats and that the coiling of testis cords proceeds from the cranial to caudal side of the testis in both species.
Combined treatment with FABP4 inhibitor ameliorates rosiglitazone‐induced liver steatosis in obese diabetic db/db mice
Authors: Chen Meng‐Ting , Huang Jun‐Shang , Gao Ding‐Ding , Li Ying‐Xia , Wang He‐Yao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRosiglitazone has been reported to exert dual effects on liver steatosis, and it could exacerbate liver steatosis in obese animal models, which was suggested to be closely related to the elevated hepatic expression of FABP4. This study aimed to investigate whether combined treatment with FABP4 inhibitor I‐9 could alleviate rosiglitazone‐induced liver steatosis in obese diabetic db/db mice. Male C57BL/KsJ‐db/db mice were orally treated with rosiglitazone, rosiglitazone combined with I‐9 daily for 8 weeks. The liver steatosis was evaluated by triglyceride content and H&E staining. The expression of hepatic lipogenic genes or proteins in liver tissue or in FFA‐treated hepatocytes and PMA‐stimulated macrophages were determined by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) or western blotting. Results showed that combined treatment with I‐9 decreased rosiglitazone‐induced increase in serum FABP4 level and expression of lipogenic genes in liver, especially FABP4, and ameliorated liver steatosis in db/db mice. Rosiglitazone‐induced intracellular TG accumulation and increased expression of FABP4 in the cultured hepatocytes and macrophages were also suppressed by combined treatment. We concluded that combined treatment with FABP4 inhibitor I‐9 could ameliorate rosiglitazone‐exacerbated elevated serum FABP4 level and ectopic liver fat accumulation in obese diabetic db/db mice without affecting its anti‐diabetic efficacy.
Genetic parenthood and hard cases
Authors: Simkulet William 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn a recent article Thomas Douglas and Katrien Devolder propose a theory of genetic parenthood according to which a human child can have only two genetic human parents. I argue this theory is arbitrarily narrow and fails to account for cases such as hybrids, cloning, chimerism, twinning, parthenogenesis, mitochondrial replacement techniques, and more. I propose an alternate theory of genetic parenthood, one that is prima facie consistent with our commonsense intuitions about genetic parenthood and relevant to a right to procreative autonomy.
Why do males emerge before females? Sexual size dimorphism drives sexual bimaturism in insects
Authors: Teder Tiit , Kaasik Ants , Taits Kristiina , Tammaru Toomas 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTConspecific females and males often follow different development trajectories which leads to sex differences in age at maturity (sexual bimaturism, SBM). Whether SBM is typically selected for per se (direct selection hypothesis) or merely represents a side‐effect of other sex‐related adaptations (indirect selection hypothesis) is, however, still an open question. Substantial interspecific variation in the direction and degree of SBM, both in invertebrates and vertebrates, calls for multi‐species studies to understand the relative importance of its evolutionary drivers. Here we use two complementary approaches to evaluate the evolutionary basis of SBM in insects. For this purpose, we assembled an extensive literature‐derived data set of sex‐specific development times and body sizes for a taxonomically and ecologically wide range of species. We use these data in a meta‐analytic framework to evaluate support for the direct and indirect selection hypotheses. Our results confirm that protandry – males emerging as adults before females – is the prevailing form of SBM in insects. Nevertheless, protandry is not as ubiquitous as often presumed: females emerged before males (= protogyny) in about 36% of the 192 species for which we had data. Moreover, in a considerable proportion of species, the sex difference in the timing of adult emergence was negligible. In search for the evolutionary basis of SBM, we found stronger support for the hypothesis that explains SBM by indirect selection. First, across species, the direction and degree of SBM appeared to be positively associated with the direction and degree of sexual size dimorphism (SSD). This is consistent with the view that SBM is a correlative by‐product of evolution towards sexually dimorphic body sizes. Second, within protandrous species, the degree of protandry typically increased with plastic increase in development time, with females prolonging their development more than males in unfavourable conditions. This pattern is in conflict with the direct selection hypothesis, which predicts the degree of protandry to be insensitive to the quality of the juvenile environment. These converging lines of evidence support the idea that, in insects, SBM is generally a by‐product of SSD rather than a result of selection on the two sexes to mature at different times. It appears plausible that selective pressures on maturation time per se generally cannot compete with viability‐ and fecundity‐mediated selection on insect body sizes. Nevertheless, exceptions certainly exist: there are undeniable cases of SBM where this trait has evolved in response to direct selection. In such cases, either the advantage of sex difference in maturation time must have been particularly large, or fitness effects of body size have been unusually weak.
Understanding bariatric patients' experiences of self‐management post‐surgery: A qualitative study
Authors: Youssef Alaa , Mylopoulos Maria , Maunder Robert , Wiljer David , Cassin Stephanie E. , Wnuk Susan , Leung Samantha , Sockalingam Sanjeev 
Published: June 2021

SummaryAlthough most bariatric patients achieve significant weight loss and improvements in both physical and mental health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in the short‐term, there is wide variability in weight and long‐term HRQoL outcomes. The role of bariatric patients' self‐management style in explaining variability in long‐term outcomes is unclear. This qualitative study examined bariatric patients' self‐management experiences after bariatric surgery in relation to long‐term outcomes. A qualitative study was conducted using semi‐structured individual interviews with post‐surgery patients (n = 23) at a Canadian bariatric surgery program. A constant comparative approach was used to systematically analyse the data and identify overarching themes. Variation in patients' experiences and follow‐up time were the two primary units of analysis. Patients were predominantly female (n = 19; 82.6%) and had a mean age of 50 ± 8.49 years. The median time post‐surgery was 2 years (range: 6 months–7 years). Three distinct phases described the process of self‐management post‐bariatric surgery: (1) rediscovering self‐esteem and confidence in one's ability to self‐manage (1‐month to 1.5‐years post‐surgery), (2) achieving weight maintenance and addressing emotion dysregulation (1.5–3‐years post‐surgery) and (3) embracing a flexible balanced lifestyle (beyond 3‐years). Bariatric surgery patients experience distinct challenges relative to their post‐surgery time course. Facilitating access to interprofessional bariatric care after surgery allowed patients to acquire the self‐management knowledge and skills necessary to address challenges to following the bariatric guidelines in the long‐term.
A novel dissimilarity metric based on feature‐to‐feature scatter frequencies for clustering‐based feature selection in biomedical data
Authors: Sheikhi Ghazaal , Altınçay Hakan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFilter feature selection methods have been extensively used for dimensionality reduction in biomedical data analysis. In this article, a novel dissimilarity metric based on feature‐to‐feature (F2F) scatter frequencies is proposed for clustering‐based filter feature selection. The proposed metric is computed by obtaining the feature‐level ranks of samples and identifying the features which assign close ranks to each sample. The order of ranking is determined for each feature by class labels. Samples are represented as a set of affinity sets containing features having rank differences less than a predefined proximity window size. The F2F dissimilarity of a pair of features is computed using the frequency of their appearance in different affinity sets. Features are then clustered into distinct groups using F2F dissimilarity metric. From each cluster, the feature having the highest relevance score is selected. The experiments conducted on ten biomedical datasets confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving classification performance. Notably, the proposed method outperforms the widely used schemes in terms of both classification under ROC curve and stability.
Rapid shifts in Arctic tundra species' distributions and inter‐specific range overlap under future climate change
Authors: van Beest Floris M. , Beumer Larissa T. , Andersen Asbjørn S. , Hansson Sophia V. , Schmidt Niels M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimThe Arctic is one of the planet's most rapidly warming regions, with trends expected to intensify in the future. Projections of shifts in species distributional ranges under future climate change are thus far lacking for most vertebrate species using the Arctic tundra. Our aim was to assess possible climate‐induced changes in distributional ranges and inter‐specific overlap of an Arctic species assemblage within the world's largest land‐based protected area.LocationDuring 1979–2013 location data of eight Arctic birds and mammals, Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), Arctic hare (Lepus arcticus), Arctic wolf (Canis lupus arctos), muskox (Ovibos moschatus), polar bear (Ursus maritimus), rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta), snow bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis) and snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus) were collected in the Northeast Greenland National Park.MethodsThe maximum entropy (MaxEnt) algorithm and Schoener's D niche overlap index were used to assess shifts and changes in overlap of species‐specific distributions under recent (1979–2013) and future (2061–2080; representative concentration pathways [RCPs] 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5) bioclimatic conditions.ResultsSpecies distributions were projected to shift northward and upwards across all scenarios, and at higher rates than previously reported. Future distributions were also forecasted to become spatially less clustered and to expand in size for all species. Species‐specific shifts in distribution ranges altered inter‐specific overlap, most notably by an increase in overlap under scenario RCP 8.5.Main conclusionsThe rapid shifts in distribution ranges detected here underline that climate change impacts are most pronounced in areas with higher levels of warming, leading to accelerated shifts in species’ ranges towards the poles. However, the concomitant range expansions we found may suggest that future climatic conditions in north‐east Greenland may not have such a detrimental impact on the distribution of cold‐adapted species as generally expected, at least in the near future.
Trade‐off mediated by pyrrolizidine alkaloids predicts alternative reproductive tactics in ithomiine butterflies
Authors: Gonzalez‐Karlsson Adrea , Grether Gregory F. 
Published: June 2021

1. Trade‐offs between male mating success and survival are the basis of alternative male reproductive tactics.2. Adult male Greta morgane butterflies acquire protective pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) from plants and use PA‐derived pheromones to attract females. Adult females acquire PAs from male spermatophores, thereby obtaining chemical defence against predation while avoiding costs of PA toxicity and sequestration.3. We found that males that fed longer on PA‐containing plants were more successful at mating, but males fed a diet containing PAs had a shorter lifespan than males fed a diet without PAs. Together, these results demonstrate a trade‐off between survival and reproduction in relation to male feeding behaviour.4. As predicted by the alternative reproductive tactics hypothesis, we found that some males fed preferentially on PA‐containing plants while others specialised on PA‐free plants.
Subliminal perception is continuous with conscious vision and can be predicted from prestimulus electroencephalographic activity
Authors: Railo Henry , Piccin Roberto , Lukasik Karolina M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIndividuals are able to discriminate visual stimuli they report not consciously seeing. This phenomenon is known as “subliminal perception.” Such capacity is often assumed to be relatively automatic in nature and rely on stimulus‐driven activity in low‐level cortical areas. Instead, here we asked to what extent neural activity before stimulus presentation influences subliminal perception. We asked participants to discriminate the location of a briefly presented low‐contrast visual stimulus and then rate how well they saw the stimulus. Consistent with previous studies, participants correctly discriminated with slightly above chance‐level accuracy the location of a stimulus they reported not seeing. Signal detection analyses indicated that while subjects categorized their percepts as “unconscious,” their capacity to discriminate these stimuli lay on the same continuum as conscious vision. We show that the accuracy of discriminating the location of a subliminal stimulus could be predicted with relatively high accuracy (AUC = 0.70) based on lateralized electroencephalographic (EEG) activity before the stimulus, the hemifield where the stimulus was presented, and the accuracy of previous trial's discrimination response. Altogether, our results suggest that rather than being a separate unconscious capacity, subliminal perception is based on similar processes as conscious vision.
Evaluation of the Impact of a Healthy Relationship Program Among U.S. Refugees
Authors: Young Michael , Salerno Jennifer , Rockhill Sarah , Hernandez Aida , DeMaria Rita 
Published: June 2021

SummaryThis study evaluated a program developed by the U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants; Refugee Family Strengthening Program (RFS). The study examined whether two interventions based on RFS produced significant improvements for participants in four outcome measures, when compared to controls. The study used a randomized control trial design.FindingsSignificant differences between treatment participants and controls were found at posttest and maintained at follow‐up for three of the four outcome variables: communication and relationship skills, conflict management skills, and economic stability. For the fourth variable (relationship with youngest child) treatment participants did not differ from control participants at posttest. Treatment 2 participants did, however, show an improved relationship with their youngest child, in comparison to control participants, at follow‐up, when controlling for pretest scores. When controlling for pretest scores, nationality, and treatment dose, it was Treatment 1 participants who showed an improved relationship with their youngest child at follow‐up.ApplicationVarious agencies provide programming for refugees and immigrants, but efforts to evaluate the effects of these programs have been sorely lacking. This study plays something of a pioneering role, showing that RFS programming can produce positive changes in relevant outcome variables, and these changes can be maintained over time. Record numbers of refugees are looking for an opportunity to resettle in the United States. Additional research that helps establish the long‐term success of programming like RFS is needed.