bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ridge augmentation—The new field of computerized guided surgery: A technical note for minimal‐invasive bone splitting
Authors: Alevizakos Vasilios , Mitov Gergo , Schiller Marcus , von See Constantin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDifferent instrumentation procedures of the alveolar ridge expansion technique (ARST) with or without Guided Bone Regeneration have proven to be effective for successful implant placement in cases of alveolar bone width between 3mm and 6mm. Conventional bone splitting techniques require flap arising. This technical note demonstrates a method for flapless guided bone splitting. For this purpose, a newly developed surgical guide with internal irrigation channels was used.Using CAD‐CAM additive technology, a narrow slot along the field of interest and a pin of a cooling pipe was designed and implemented in a surgical guide template. The bone split was performed flapless through the surgical guide while the cooling pipe was connected to it.During surgery, the piezo‐driven instrument was moved within that slot, and the irrigation solution was directly rinsing it at point of entry through the irrigation channel. This procedure was performed on a 3.3 mm wide alveolar ridge achieving over 3 mm of bone gain.The described method combines several positive aspects. The micro‐invasive flapless surgical procedure might improve postoperative healing. Additionally, sufficient cooling of the bone might lead to less thermal affection of bone cells and less resorption of the cortical bone. However, systematic studies are needed to confirm the observations of the presented case report.
Performance of a Fixed‐Bed Bioreactor Using Diatom Biofilms for Wastewater Bioremediation
Authors: Chaib Nadjla , Dzizi Sabrina , Kaddeche Hadjer , Noune Faiza 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis present study aims to demonstrate the efficiency of a simple biological wastewater treatment process using diatoms for removing mainly nitrogen and phosphorus from four types of effluents: synthetic wastewater (SW), a real urban effluent (RUE), industrial effluent (IE), and agricultural sewage (AS). The process consists of promoting the attachment of diatoms to several grain sizes to form biofilms, to define the best grain size for the performance and to study the evolution of diatom biofilms and some parameters, such as ammonium, nitrate, phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Diatoms used in this study are collected from the highest rate of biomass growth of diatoms grown in an experimental photobioreactor. Initially, four fixed‐bed bioreactors in batch mode are experienced over artificial conditions and filled with coarse sand (B1), small gravel (B2), medium gravel (B3), and coarse gravel (B4). The bioreactor B2 is selected to study the evolution of nutrients for the four types of wastewater. The best removal rates are measured as 75.26% for ammonium, 72.43% for nitrate, and 61.65% for phosphorus for SW. Important rates of COD are also recorded for RUE (75.29%). These results demonstrate that nutrients in the wastewater can be successfully removed by diatom biofilms.
COVID‐19 in cancer patients may be presented by atypical symptoms and higher mortality rate, a case‐controlled study from Iran
Authors: Shahidsales Soodabeh , Aledavood Seyed Amir , Joudi Mona , Molaie Fatemeh , Esmaily Habibollah , Javadinia Seyed Alireza 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic imposes serious problems to health systems around the world and its rapid expansion makes it difficult to serve patients with certain health conditions such as cancer patients which might be at high risk for mortality if they are infected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.AimTo compare the outcomes of cancer patients admitted due to COVID‐19 and compare them with data of COVID‐19 infected patients without a history of cancer.MethodsIn this case‐controlled study, 93 healthy people and 92 patients with malignancy admitted for COVID‐19 were enrolled. The clinical features and laboratory indicators were assessed at the presentation and both groups were followed‐up for treatment options and outcomes prospectively and compared at the level of P ≤ .05.ResultsCOVID‐19 related mortality rate in malignant patients was significantly higher than patients without malignancy (41.3% vs 17.2%, P = .0001). The risk of death increased significantly in patients with malignancy (OR = 8.4, P = .007) and mechanical ventilation (OR = 3.3, P = .034) independent of other variables. Fever (64.5% vs 43.5%, P = .004), chill (35.5% vs 14.1%, P = .001), malaise (49.5% and 30.4%, P = .008), dry cough (51.6% vs 26.1%, P = .0001), and vomiting (17.2% vs 5.4%, P = .012) were reported significantly lower in cancer patients.ConclusionThe results suggest that cancer patients who were infected by COVID‐19 may present with atypical symptoms are at higher risk of mortality independent of the demographic data, comorbidities, and treatments.
Stress‐induced cognition among radiologic technologists in COVID‐19 quarantine centres in Palestine
Authors: Rimawi Omar , ALMasri Hussein 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe outbreak of COVID‐19 brought high mortality rate from the viral infection and caused a huge psychological stress for healthcare staff who work under great pressure during the pandemic.AimsThe purpose of this study is to assess the level of stress‐induced cognition among radiologic technologists (RTs) in COVID‐19 quarantine centres in Palestine after the outbreak of COVID‐19.MethodsStress‐induced cognition was assessed using Stress‐induced Cognition Scale (SCS) questionnaire. The validity and stability of the measuring tool was verified. The sample consisted of 61 RTs who are working currently at various quarantine centres in Palestine.ResultsCognition‐induced stress was higher than average. There was a statistically significant difference between RTs working directly with COVID‐19 patient compared with RTs working indirectly. Additionally, results show an increased level of stress for RTs having children compared with single or non‐parent RTs. Also, RTs who dealt with COVID‐19 patients for prolonged periods over a month had higher level of stress‐induced cognition. Other variables did not show significant differences among RTs.ConclusionIt is recommended to provide psychological support for RTs who dealt and are currently involved in COVID‐19 quarantine centres to alleviate stress‐induced cognition.
Roost sites of chimney swift (Chaetura pelagica) form large‐scale spatial networks
Authors: le Roux Courtney E. , Nocera Joseph J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSeveral biodiversity‐centered metrics exist to quantify the importance of landscape and habitat features for conservation efforts. However, for species whose habitat use is not quantified by these metrics, such as those in urban areas, we need a method to best identify features for targeted conservation efforts. We investigated the use of social network analysis (SNA) to identify and quantify these critical habitat features. We used SNA to identify network existence in chimney swift (Chaetura pelagica) roost usage, quantify the importance of each roost site, and evaluate the impact of the loss of key sites. We identified a network consisting of ten chimney swift roosts in southern Nova Scotia, Canada, and found that 76% of swifts used more than one roost throughout the breeding season. We also isolated three key (most connected) roost sites. We evaluated the effect of loss of these key sites on the network by using a Wilcoxon‐Pratt signed‐rank test and by analyzing the structure of the subsequent network. We found that connections between roosts and the structure of the network were significantly affected by the loss of these key sites. Our results show that SNA is a valuable tool that can identify key sites for targeted conservation efforts for species that may not be included in conservation efforts focused purely on biodiversity.
Who let the dogs out? Exploring the spatial ecology of free‐roaming domestic dogs in western Kenya
Authors: Muinde Patrick , Bettridge Judy M. , Sousa Filipe M. , Dürr Salome , Dohoo Ian R. , Berezowski John , Mutwiri Titus , Odinga Christian O. , Fèvre Eric M. , Falzon Laura C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe spatial ecology of free‐roaming dogs determines their role in the transmission of zoonoses. This study describes the geographic range of and identifies sites frequently visited by free‐roaming domestic dogs in western Kenya.Eight sites in Busia county, western Kenya, were selected. At each site, ten dog‐keeping households were recruited, a questionnaire was administered, and a GPS logger was fixed around the neck of one dog in each household. Loggers were programmed to capture the dog's position every minute, for five consecutive days. Individual summaries of GPS recordings were produced, and the daily distance traveled was calculated. 50% and 95% utilization distribution isopleths were produced, and the area within these isopleths was extracted to estimate the size of the core and extended Home Ranges (HRs), respectively. Linear regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with the movement parameters. The centroid points of the 10, 50, and 90% isopleths were reproduced, and the corresponding sites identified on the ground.Seventy‐three dogs were included in the final analyses. The median daily distance traveled was 13.5km, while the median core and extended HRs were 0.4 and 9.3 ha, respectively. Older dogs had a larger extended HR and traveled more daily, while the effect of sex on dog movement depended on their neutering status. Dogs spent most of their time at their household; other frequently visited sites included other household compounds, fields, and rubbish dumps. One of the centroids corresponded to a field located across the international Kenya–Uganda border, emphasizing the fluidity across the border in this ecosystem. Multiple dogs visited the same location, highlighting the heterogeneous contact networks between dogs, and between dogs and people.The field data presented are of value both in understanding domestic dog ecology and resource utilization, and in contextualizing infectious and parasitic disease transmission models.
Exploring the drivers of variation in trophic mismatches: A systematic review of long‐term avian studies
Authors: Zhemchuzhnikov Mikhail K. , Versluijs Tom S. L. , Lameris Thomas K. , Reneerkens Jeroen , Both Christiaan , van Gils Jan A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Many organisms reproduce in seasonal environments, where selection on timing of reproduction is particularly strong as consumers need to synchronize reproduction with the peaked occurrence of their food. When a consumer species changes its phenology at a slower rate than its resources, this may induce a trophic mismatch, that is, offspring growing up after the peak in food availability, potentially leading to reductions in growth and survival. However, there is large variation in the degree of trophic mismatches as well as in its effects on reproductive output.

Here, we explore the potential causes for variation in the strength of trophic mismatches in published studies of birds. Specifically, we ask whether the changes in the degree of mismatch that have occurred over time can be explained by a bird's (a) breeding latitude, (b) migration distance, and/or (c) life‐history traits.

We found that none of these three factors explain changes in the degree of mismatch over time. Nevertheless, food phenology did advance faster at more northerly latitudes, while shifts in bird phenology did not show a trend with latitude.

We argue that the lack of support in our results is attributable to the large variation in the metrics used to describe timing of food availability. We propose a pathway to improve the quantification of trophic mismatches, guided by a more rigorous understanding of links between consumers and their resources.
Is increased male flower production a strategy for avoidance of predispersal seed predation in andromonoecious plants?
Authors: Kudo Gaku , Shibata Akari 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFloral gender in angiosperms often varies within and among populations. We conducted a field survey to test how predispersal seed predation affects sex allocation in an andromonoecious alpine herbPeucedanum multivittatum. We compared plant size, male and perfect flower production, fruit set, and seed predation rate over three years among nine populations inhabiting diverse snowmelt conditions in alpine meadows. Flowering period of individual populations varied from mid‐July to late August reflecting the snowmelt time. Although perfect flower and fruit productions increased with plant size, size dependency of male flower production was less clear. The number of male flowers was larger in the early‐flowering populations, while the number of perfect flowers increased in the late‐flowering populations. Thus, male‐biased sex allocation was common in the early‐flowering populations. Fruit‐set rates varied among populations and between years, irrespective of flowering period. Fruit‐set success of individual plants increased with perfect flower number, but independent of male flower number. Seed predation by lepidopteran larvae was intense in the early‐flowering populations, whereas predation damage was absent in the late‐flowering populations, reflecting the extent of phenological matching between flowering time of host plants and oviposition period of predator moths. Seed predation rate was independent of male and perfect flower numbers of individual plants. Thus, seed predation is a stochastic event in each population. There was a clear correlation between the proportion of male flowers and the intensity of seed predation among populations. These results suggest that male‐biased sex allocation could be a strategy to reduce seed predation damage but maintain the effort as a pollen donor under intensive seed predation.
COMBINE: a coalesced mammal database of intrinsic and extrinsic traits
Authors: Soria Carmen D. , Pacifici Michela , Di Marco Moreno , Stephen Sarah M. , Rondinini Carlo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe use of species’ traits in macroecological analyses has gained popularity in the last decade, becoming an important tool to understand global biodiversity patterns. Currently, trait data can be found across a wide variety of data sets included in websites, articles, and books, each one with its own taxonomic classification, set of traits, and data management methodology. Mammals, in particular, are among the most studied taxa, with large sources of trait information readily available. To facilitate the use of these data, we did an extensive review of published mammal trait data sources between 1999 and May 2020 and produced COMBINE: a COalesced Mammal dataBase of INtrinsic and Extrinsic traits. Our aim was to create a taxonomically integrated database of mammal traits that maximized trait number and coverage without compromising data quality. COMBINE contains information on 54 traits for 6,234 extant and recently extinct mammal species, including information on morphology, reproduction, diet, biogeography, life habit, phenology, behavior, home range, and density. Additionally, we calculated other relevant traits such as habitat and altitudinal breadths for all species and dispersal for terrestrial non‐volant species. All data are compatible with the taxonomies of the IUCN Red List v. 2020‐2 and PHYLACINE v. 1.2. Missing data were adequately flagged and imputed for non‐biogeographical traits with 20% or more data available. We obtained full data sets for 21 traits such as female maturity, litter size, maximum longevity, trophic level, and dispersal, providing imputation performance statistics for all. This data set will be especially useful for those interested in including species’ traits in large‐scale ecological and conservation analyses. There are no copyright or proprietary restrictions; we request citation of this publication and all relevant underlying data sources (found in Data S1: trait_data_sources.csv), upon using these data.
Dipeptidyl peptidase 3, a marker of the antagonist pathway of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system in patients with heart failure
Authors: Boorsma Eva M. , ter Maaten Jozine M. , Damman Kevin , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Dickstein Kenneth , Anker Stefan D. , Filippatos Gerasimos , Lang Chim C. , Metra Marco , Santos Karine , Voors Adriaan A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimsRecently, dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (DPP3) has been discovered as the peptidase responsible for cleavage of angiotensin (1–7) [Ang (1–7)]. Ang (1–7) is part of the angiotensin‐converting enzyme–Ang (1–7)–Mas pathway which is considered to antagonize the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS). Since DPP3 inhibits the counteracting pathway of the RAAS, we hypothesize that DPP3 might be deleterious in the setting of heart failure. However, no data are available on DPP3 in chronic heart failure. We therefore investigated the clinical characteristics and outcome related to elevated DPP3 concentrations in patients with worsening heart failure.Methods and resultsDipeptidyl peptidase 3 was measured in 2156 serum samples of patients with worsening heart failure using luminometric immunoassay (DPP3‐LIA) by 4TEEN4 Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Hennigsdorf, Germany. Predictors of DPP3 levels were selected using multiple linear regression with stepwise backward selection. Median DPP3 concentration was 11.45 ng/mL with a range from 2.8 to 84.9 ng/mL. Patients with higher DPP3 concentrations had higher renin [78.3 (interquartile range, IQR 26.3–227.7) vs. 120.7 IU/mL (IQR 34.74–338.9), P < 0.001, for Q1–3 vs. Q4] and aldosterone [88 (IQR 44–179) vs. 116 IU/mL (IQR 46–241), P < 0.001, for Q1–3 vs. Q4] concentrations. The strongest independent predictors for higher concentration of DPP3 were log‐alanine aminotransferase, log‐total bilirubin, the absence of diabetes, higher osteopontin, fibroblast growth factor‐23 and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide concentrations (all P < 0.001). In univariable survival analysis, DPP3 was associated with mortality and the combined endpoint of death or heart failure hospitalization (P < 0.001 for both). After adjustment for confounders, this association was no longer significant.ConclusionsIn patients with worsening heart failure, DPP3 is a marker of more severe disease with higher RAAS activity. It may be deleterious in heart failure by counteracting the Mas receptor pathway. Procizumab, a specific antibody against DPP3, might be a potential future treatment option for patients with heart failure.
Italian Society of Interventional Cardiology (GIse) registry Of Transcatheter treatment of mitral valve regurgitaTiOn (GIOTTO): impact of valve disease aetiology and residual mitral regurgitation after MitraClip implantation
Authors: Bedogni Francesco , Popolo Rubbio Antonio , Grasso Carmelo , Adamo Marianna , Denti Paolo , Giordano Arturo , Tusa Maurizio , Bianchi Giovanni , De Marco Federico , Bartorelli Antonio L. , Montorfano Matteo , Godino Cosmo , Citro Rodolfo , De Felice Francesco , Mongiardo Annalisa , Monteforte Ida , Villa Emmanuel , Giannini Cristina , Crimi Gabriele , Tarantini Giuseppe , Testa Luca , Tamburino Corrado 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimsThe Italian Society of Interventional Cardiology (GIse) registry Of Transcatheter treatment of mitral valve regurgitaTiOn (GIOTTO) was conceived in order to assess the safety and efficacy of MitraClip therapy in Italy. The aim of this study was to assess procedural and mid‐term outcomes, and clinical and echocardiographic predictors of mid‐term mortality after MitraClip therapy, stratifying the results according to the diagnosis of functional and degenerative mitral regurgitation (FMR vs. DMR).Methods and resultsBetween January 2016 and March 2020, 1659 patients were prospectively included in the GIOTTO registry (FMR 59.4% vs. DMR 40.6%). Acute Mitral Valve Academic Research Consortium (MVARC) technical success was achieved in 97.2% of patients, without differences between FMR and DMR and with sustained results at 30 days. In the study population, all‐cause mortality was 4.0%, 17.5% and 34.6% at 30 days, 1 year and 2 years, respectively. Cardiovascular death was the most frequent cause of mortality. Overall hospitalization rates were 6.3%, 23.4% and 31.7% at 30 days, 1 year and 2 years, respectively. The most frequent cause of hospitalization was heart failure, particularly in the first 30 days. FMR and MVARC structural and functional failure were strongly associated with 1‐year mortality. Residual mitral regurgitation 1+ (rMR) was independently related to a reduced risk of 1‐year mortality (hazard ratio 0.62; P = 0.005). Coherently, at 2‐year follow up, FMR was associated with worse outcomes than DMR, and Kaplan–Meier all‐cause mortality was related to rMR.ConclusionsFunctional mitral regurgitation aetiology affects 1‐year mortality after MitraClip implantation, and differences in mortality and hospitalization rates between FMR and DMR can be observed within 2 years. Optimal rMR 1+ was correlated to a more favourable mid‐term outcome, particularly in FMR.
Biotin‐Appended Iron(III) Complexes of Curcumin for Targeted Photo‐Chemotherapy
Authors: Sahoo Somarupa , Raghavan Abinaya , Kumar Arun , Nandi Dipankar , Chakravarty Akhil R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIron(III) complexes of curcumin (Hcur) having a tridentate NNN‐donor dipicolylamine‐based ligand L1 and its biotinylated analogue L2, namely, [Fe(L1)(cur)Cl] (1) and [Fe(L2)(cur)Cl] (2), were prepared, characterized and their photo‐induced cytotoxicity studied. The complexes exhibited curcumin‐based absorption band near 430 nm and emission maxima at 520 nm. Complex 2 with a biotin moiety showed enhanced cellular uptake and higher cytotoxicity compared to its non‐biotin analogue 1. The visible light induced cytotoxicity was studied in HeLa, MCF‐7 and HepG2 cell lines. Complex 2 displayed photodynamic effect (400–700 nm, 10 J cm−2) giving an IC50 value of ∼4 μM in HeLa and MCF‐7 cells, while being significantly non‐toxic in the dark (IC50>100 μM). A 5‐fold increase in cytotoxicity was observed in HepG2 cells (IC50∼0.7 μM) for the biotin‐appended complex 2. In vitro generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed from dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) assay. The mode of cell death was apoptotic. Formation of hydroxyl radicals as the ROS was evidenced from the plasmid pUC19 DNA photo‐cleavage studies. The complexes demonstrated the ability to act as targeted PDT (photodynamic therapy) drugs.