bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Qualitative Study Exploring Community Pharmacists' Experiences and Views About Weight Management Interventions and Services in Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Verma Rohit Kumar , Chong Wei Wen , Taha Nur Akmar , Paraidathathu Thomas 
Published: September 2021

Objective: To qualitatively explore the perspectives of community pharmacists in Malaysia on their roles in weight management, and the barriers and facilitators in the expansion of these roles.Methods: A purposive sampling method was used to recruit community pharmacists in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with community pharmacists, with an interview guide, from May 2018 to January 2019. The interviews were conducted in person (face-to-face). All interviews were audio-recorded with consent and transcribed verbatim. The interview transcripts were analyzed thematically, whereby emerging themes were coded and grouped into categories.Results: Twenty-four community pharmacists were recruited, with years of experience in pharmacy practice ranging from 2 to 40 years. Participants described their perceptions on the different weight management interventions where they emphasized the importance of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention and viewed that it should be the first-line intervention. Participants regarded their weight management service as easily accessible or approachable since community pharmacies are often the first point of call for patients seeking advice for their conditions before consulting doctors. Barriers identified by community pharmacists were mainly organizational in nature, which included lack of private consultation rooms, lack of time, and lack of qualified staff. Participants also described the need for training in weight management.Conclusion: Community pharmacists in Malaysia believed that they can positively contribute to the area of weight management. They cited multiple roles that they could play in weight management interventions and services. The roles cited include provision of education and advice, including on lifestyle modifications, drug therapy, weight loss products and supplements, and monitoring and providing referrals to other healthcare professionals. However, barriers would need to be addressed, including through pharmacist training, to strengthen and improve community pharmacists' roles and contributions in weight management service.
Impact of an Educational Training Program on the Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceived Barriers of Community Pharmacists Towards Obesity and Overweight Management in Malaysia
Authors: Verma Rohit Kumar , Chong Wei Wen , Taha Nur Akmar , Paraidathathu Thomas 
Published: September 2021

Objective: To evaluate the impact of an educational training program on the knowledge, attitude and perceived barriers of community pharmacists (CPs) towards obesity and overweight management.Methods: This interventional study, which consisted of an educational training program, was conducted on a single cohort of Malaysian CPs. Thirty CPs attended the educational training program. The educational training program was delivered through didactic lectures, case studies and small group discussions, and consisted of various sessions covering different topics related to weight management. A validated questionnaire was used to assess the impact of the intervention on the CPs' knowledge, attitude, and perceived barriers.Results: The overall mean knowledge score increased both immediately after (14.93 ± 1.62) and 30 days following the intervention (17.04 ± 2.51), and the increment was statistically significant 30 days following the intervention (p = 0.001) compared to both pre-intervention and immediate-post intervention stages. After the intervention, the participants had a more positive attitude towards the provision of weight management service (WMS) in community pharmacies. They had significantly stronger perceptions about the importance of their role to manage overweight and obesity and their professional competence to treat obese patients. In addition, the barrier of not having space in pharmacy to perform proper counselling for weight management and the barrier of not having training sessions in the area of obesity management were perceived to be significantly less important post-intervention.Conclusion: This study showed the potential positive impact of an educational training program on CPs knowledge, attitudes and perceived barriers towards WMS.
Person-Centered Healthcare Practice in a Pandemic Context: An Exploration of People's Experience of Seeking Healthcare Support
Authors: Curnow Eleanor , Tyagi Vaibhav , Salisbury Lisa , Stuart Kim , Melville-Jóhannesson Barbara , Nicol Kath , McCormack Brendan , Dewing Jan , Magowan Ruth , Sagan Olivia , Bulley Cathy 
Published: September 2021

Background: The recent COVID-19 pandemic increased pressure upon healthcare resources resulting in compromised health services. Enforced national lockdown led to people being unable to access essential services in addition to limiting contact with social support networks. The novel coronavirus, and subsequent condition known as long covid were not well-understood and clinicians were not supported by existing guidelines or pathways. Our study explored people's experiences of healthcare during this period with a person-centered “lens.”Methods: Ninety-seven people participated in our online survey about their experiences of the pandemic, particularly while socially isolated and their experiences of healthcare. Following completion of the survey, 11 of these participants agreed to further semi-structured interviews to explore this further in their own words. Interview conversations were transcribed, checked; together with the responses to open questions in the survey. The data were then analyzed thematically by members of the research team. We conducted framework analysis from a post-positivist perspective, using the Person-centered Practice Framework to explore participants' experiences.Results: There were few examples of people describing person-centered care. People experienced barriers to accessing support, and negative experiences of care that represented complexities enacting person-centered care at each level of the framework (processes, practice environment, prerequisites, and macro context). These barriers were influenced greatly by the pandemic, for example, with health professionals being harder to access. Some experiences related to the ways in which health professionals responded to the context, for example, positive examples included active listening, recognition of people's experiences, seeking to find out more, and engaging in collaborative problem-solving.Discussion: People want to feel heard, supported to navigate healthcare systems, source trustworthy information, find appropriate services, and collaborate in learning and problem-solving with healthcare professionals. There have been enormous challenges to the provision of healthcare throughout the pandemic. Moving forward is crucial with emphasis on overcoming barriers to person-centered healthcare. This should focus on steps now and also in planning for the possibility of further rapid changes in the demand for and provision of healthcare.
Nutrient Analysis in Arctic Waters Using a Portable Sensing Platform
Authors: McCaul Margaret , Magni Paolo , Jordan Sean F , McNamara Eoghan , Satta Andrea , Diamond Dermot , Ribotti Alberto 
Published: September 2021

A portable sensing platform for the detection of nutrients (PO43−, NO2−, NO3−) in natural waters has been realized through the use of rapid prototyping techniques, colorimetric chemistries, electronics, and LED-based optical detection. The sensing platform is modular in design incorporating interchangeable optical detection units, with a component cost per unit of ca. €300, and small form factor (20 cm × 6 cm x 3.5 cm). Laboratory testing and validation of the platform was performed prior to deployment at the CNR Dirigibile Italia Arctic Research Station, Ny-Aselund (79°N, 12°E). Results obtained showed excellent linear response, with a limit of detection of 0.05 μM (NO2−, NO3−), and 0.03 μM (PO43−). On the June 22, 2016 a field campaign took place within Kongsfjorden, Ny-Aselund (78.5–79°N, 11.6–12.6°E), during which 55 water samples were acquired using 10 L Niskin bottles on board the MS Teisten research vessel. 23 hydrological casts were also performed using a Seabird 19plus V2 SeaCAT Profiler CTD probe with turbidity and dissolved oxygen sensors. Water samples were subsequently analyzed for PO43−, NO2−, NO3− at the CNR Dirigibile Italia Arctic Research Station Laboratory using the adaptive sensing platform. Nutrient concentrations were compared to hydrological data to assess the processes that influence the nutrient concentrations within the Fjord. This research highlights the potential use of the adaptive sensing platform in remote locations as a stand-alone platform and/or for the validation of deployable environmental sensor networks.
Utilizing Heart Rate Variability for Coaching Athletes During and After Viral Infection: A Case Report in an Elite Endurance Athlete
Authors: Hottenrott Laura , Gronwald Thomas , Hottenrott Kuno , Wiewelhove Thimo , Ferrauti Alexander 
Published: September 2021

Background: Viral diseases have different individual progressions and can lead to considerable risks/long-term consequences. Therefore, it is not suitable to give general recommendations on a time off from training for athletes. This case report aims to investigate the relevance of detecting heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) during an orthostatic test (OT) to monitor the progression and recovery process during and after a viral disease in an elite endurance athlete.Methods: A 30-year-old elite marathon runner contracted a viral infection (upper respiratory tract infection) 4 weeks after a marathon race. RR intervals in HR time series in supine and standing positions were monitored daily in the morning. Analyzed parameters included HR, the time-domain HRV parameter root mean square of successive difference (RMSSD), peak HR (HRpeak) in a standing position, and the time to HR peak (tHRpeak).Results: During the 6-day viral infection period, HR increased significantly by an average of 11 bpm in the supine position and by 22 bpm in the standing position. In addition, the RMSSD decreased from 20.8 to 4.2 ms, the HRpeak decreased by 13 bpm, and the tHRpeak increased by 18 s in the standing position significantly. There were no significant changes in the pre-viral infection RMSSD values in the supine position. The viral infection led to a significant change in HR and HRV parameters. The cardiac autonomic system reacted more sensitively in the standing position compared to the supine position after a viral infection in the present case study.Conclusion: These data have provided supportive rationale as to why the OT with a change from supine to standing body position and the detection of different indicators based on HR and a vagal driven time-domain HRV parameter (RMSSD) is likely to be useful to detect viral diseases early on when implemented in daily routine. Given the case study nature of the findings, future research has to be conducted to investigate whether the use of the OT might be able to offer an innovative, non-invasive, and time-efficient possibility to detect and evaluate the health status of (elite endurance) athletes.
The RAI-6 Questionnaire: A New Screening Questionnaire to Monitor Complications of Radioiodine Treatment
Authors: Buchholzer Samanta , Thakachy Subha Sethu , Tchérémissinoff Livia , Boselie Franciscus , Triponez Frédéric , Faure Frédéric , Lopez Jean-Michel , Borner Urs , Kleinjung Tobias , Seebach Jörg D. , Dulguerov Pavel , Marchal Francis 
Published: September 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop a simple and efficient screening questionnaire to be able to routinely monitor potential radioiodine therapy-induced complications.Materials and Methods: A new radioiodine 6 (RAI-6) questionnaire containing six questions adressing salivary, ocular, and nasal symptoms as well as quality of life was developed. Validation of the RAI-6 questionnaire was assessed with a group of fifty-four patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid carcinoma treated post-operatively with radioiodine therapy, and in a group of fifty healthy volunteers. The patient's group was subdivided into subgroups according to the radioiodine dose received: 23 patients received less or 30 mCi, 28 patients received 100 mCi, and three patients received between 200 and 300 mCi. We asked the patients to complete the RAI-6 questionnaire in a retrospective manner, regarding their situation before radioiodine therapy and regarding their actual symptoms after radioiodine therapy. The time needed to complete the RAI-6 was also assessed both in patients and in healthy volunteers.Results: The mean post radioiodine treatment RAI-6 score were significantly higher than the mean pre radioiodine RAI-6 scores (p &lt; 0.001) and the scores of healthy participants (p &lt; 0.001). The mean total RAI-6 scores increased significantly with increasing radioiodine dose. A total mean RAI-6 score of each question was also analysed and revealed that ocular and nasal discomfort as well as quality of life were the items which affected the patients most after radioiodine treatment. The mean time to fill the RAI-6 questionnaire was 2 min for patients and 49 s for healthy volunteers.Conclusion: The RAI-6 represents a new questionnaire which is easy and quick to complete. This simple screening tool can be recommended for general clinical practise and further epidemiological research.
Management and Follow-Up Practices of Women With Recurrent Stress Urinary Incontinence Following Transobturator Mid-urethral Synthetic Sling Procedure: A 6-Year Retrospective Monocentric University-Based Study
Authors: Huang Yi , Chen Zhengsen , Shen Baixin , Shao Yunpeng , Gao Jie , Zhou Yiduo , Margit Fisch , Wei Zhongqing , Ding Liucheng 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of management and follow-up practices in repeat retropubic mid-urethral synthetic sling (MUS) procedure after transobturator tape/tension-free vaginal tape-obturator (TOT/TVT-O) failure, and to clarify the possible etiology of recurrent stress urinary incontinence.Methods: The charts of all women patients who underwent tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) slings after previous failed transobturator MUS procedures between February 2012 and November 2018 at a single center were reviewed retrospectively. The transperineal ultrasound was performed to assess the pre-operative or post-operative urethral mobility and location of the slings. Furthermore, some essential evaluations were also made, mainly including medical history, physical examination, 1 h pad test, and urodynamic study. Finally, primary outcomes were evaluated according to the above items at 3, 6, and 12 months after the second operation, respectively.Results: Thirty-five patients were included in the primary transobturator MUS sling procedure. At the 6 months follow-up, 32 (91.42%) patients were socially continent and negative in 1 h pad test. The transperineal ultrasound measurement results revealed that the bladder neck descent (BND) values were significantly decreased after the repeat sling operation, and better urinary continence function was observed according to the post-operative urodynamic study. Multifactorial etiologies resulted in recurrent stress urinary incontinence (SUI), including poor surgical technique, inadequate sling tension when treating ISD, and inappropriate sling position. Then the detail of the surgical procedure varied with the results of pre-operative evaluations, affecting the validity of the second sling.Conclusion: Recurrent SUI has resulted from multi factors, pre-operative urodynamic study and transperineal ultrasound might be valuable tools to guide repeat sling operation and predict post-operative outcomes. A repeat TVT procedure may be regarded as a remedial measure for a failed transobturator MUS operation.
Produção e análise de biogás em perspectiva futura para geração de energia elétrica / Production and analysis of biogas in a future perspective for electricity generation
Authors: Lima Flávia Maria Torres , Da Silva Rodney Joedson Santos , Dos Santos Francisco Alves , Barbosa Sara da Silva , De Barros Jadilson Pereira 
Published: September 2021

A crescente atividade humana vem produzindo cada vez mais resíduos sólidos, que geram problemas devido ao descarte inadequado e a poluição. No entanto, estes resíduos podem gerar através da decomposição biológica da matéria orgânica o biogás, uma mistura gasosa composta principalmente por gás metano ( CH4) , gás carbônico (CO2) e umidade. A pesquisa apresenta dados referentes à produção do biogás a partir da decomposição da matéria orgânica, com a proposta de produzir energia elétrica e posteriormente reaproveitar o resíduo orgânico como biofertilizante. Foi produzido um protótipo de reatores para a geração do biogás composto por tubos de Policloreto de Vinila (PVC), conectados a uma proveta de 1L e galões de 5L, se faz necessário a adição de uma quantidade proporcional de água como forma de mobilizar os resíduos ali presentes para produção eficaz do gás metano. Através dos resultados obtidos nos experimentos pode - se verificar a produção do gás em determinadas quantidades de esterco e resíduo orgânico analisando sua eficiência nesse contexto. Mediante a análise feita, os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios para a quantidade de matéria orgânica utilizada, sendo assim, o projeto pode ser construído em grande escala para geração de energia elétrica por meio de um conjunto moto-gerador, onde essa energia elétrica pode ser utilizada tanto em residências urbanas quanto em áreas rurais devido à quantidade de matéria-prima
Early type 2 diabetes and obesity does not affect eicosanoids level and renal morphology in a rat model/ Diabetes tipo 2 no estágio inicial e obesidade não afetam o nível de eicosanóides e a morfologia renal em um modelo de rato
Authors: Ribeiro Sandra Aparecida Benite , Lima Kamila Lauany Lucas , Santos Júlia Matzenbacher dos , Cagnini Didier Quevedo , Guimarães Igo Gomes , Amaral Andréia Vitor Couto do , Oliveira Denise Silva de 
Published: September 2021

This study evaluated the effects of the early development of Diabetes Mellitus 2 (T2D) and diet-induced Obesity in the eicosanoid pathways and its effects on renal tissue. Thirty male Wistar rats were fed with a high-fat or standard diet and were divided into 3 groups: The Control group received a standard diet, the T2D group received a high-fat diet and a single dose of streptozotocin (25mg/Kg) and the Obesity group received high-fat diet. Caloric intake, feed efficiency, body weight gain, visceral fat, blood glucose, plasma levels of 14,15 EET/DHET, 20-HETE, and kidneys’ morphology were analyzed. Total caloric intake and feed efficiency were higher in the animals of the Obesity group than in Control. Body weight gain, visceral fat, and blood glucose were higher in Obesity and T2D induced groups than in Control. Body weight gain, visceral fat, and feed efficiency associated positively with blood glucose. However, there was no difference in 14,15 EET/DHET, 20-HETE levels, or kidney injury between groups. In conclusion, we were unable to assess whether changes in eicosanoids are due to obesity or diabetes induction. So, this study suggests that longer periods of homeostatic disturbance caused by these protocols seem to be necessary to induce complications related to the disruption of the eicosanoid’s pathway and its effects on renal tissue.
A influência da pandemia COVID-19 na volatilidade dos índices de mercado de ações (Ibovespa): Aplicação do modelo Markov Switching Autoregressivo / The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volatility of stock market index (Ibovespa): Application of the Markov Switching Autoregressive model
Authors: Da Silva Carlos Alberto Gonçalves 
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo utiliza o modelo Markov Switching Autoregressivo de dois estados desenvolvido por Hamilton (1989), para capturar mudanças de regime tanto na média quanto na variância dos retornos mensais do índice de mercado de ações (Ibovespa) entre janeiro de 2000 e março de 2021. Na matriz de transação e persistência dos regimes, verifica-se que o regime 1 (baixa volatilidade) é mais persistente, ou seja, a probabilidade de permanecer neste regime em período posterior é de 96,49% e no regime 2 (alta volatilidade) a probabilidade de continuar neste regime no período t+1 corresponde a 48,55%. Os resultados obtidos do modelo MS(2)-AR(1) detectaram momento das mudanças de regimes dos retornos, por causa do atentado terrorista de 11/09/2001, do momento de transição da política brasileira (vitória de Lula na eleição presidencial 2002), crises financeiras 2008 (falência do banco de investimentos dos EUA, o Lehman Brothers) e a pandemia COVID-19 (2020/2021).
Avaliação da Atividade Antagonista de Trichoderma harzianum sobre Fusarium oxysporum e Botrytis cinerea / Evaluation of the antagonistic activity of Trichoderma harzianum on Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea
Authors: Aoyagi Luciano Nobuhiro , Doi Suely Mayumi Obara 
Published: September 2021

O controle biológico, empregando microrganismos para prevenir doenças em plantas, tornou-se uma alternativa de baixo custo e menos agressiva ao meio ambiente, evitando a contaminação indesejável do ecossistema por agrotóxicos de alta estabilidade. Os fungos do gênero Trichoderma constituem uma das espécies mais estudadas e aplicadas como agentes de biocontrole, devido ao seu alto potencial antagônico a diferentes fitopatógenos, decorrentes de seu eficaz controle, alta capacidade reprodutiva, plasticidade ecológica, efeito estimulante sobre os cultivos, ação indutora de resistência sistêmica em plantas a diferentes patógenos. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a capacidade antagonista de Trichoderma harzianum sobre os fungos fitopatogênicos Botrytis cinerea e Fusarium oxysporum. Para a avaliação do antagonismo in vitro, com auxílio da escala de Bell et al., o T. harzianum foi confrontado com F. oxysporum e B. cinerea utilizando a técnica de cultivo pareado. Os resultados indicaram elevada capacidade antagônica, com 100% de inibição dos 2 fungos testados.
Aspectos clínicos e laboratoriais em cães naturalmente infectados pela Ehrlichia canis / Clinical and laboratory aspects in dogs naturally infected with Ehrlichia canis
Authors: De Lima Evilda Rodrigues , Silva Wanessa Michelle , Teixeira Mirian Nogueira , Da Silva Vanessa Carla Lima , Marinho Melânia Loureiro , Linden Lais Albuquerque van der , Oliveira Rhaysa Allayde Silva 
Published: September 2021

Avaliaram-se 20 cães de ambos os sexos, variadas raças, idades e naturalmente infectados pela Ehrlichia canis, que apresentaram sinais clínicos sugestivos da doença e positivos ao teste sorológico como método diagnóstico. Coletou-se sangue para realização de hemograma, teste sorológico e bioquímica sérico. Os sinais clínicos observados com maior frequência foram apatia (75%), vômito (50%), secreção ocular (45%) e distúrbio hemorrágico (5%). Os valores para hemácias, hemoglobina e hematócrito foram abaixo dos valores de referência além de ocorrer uma variabilidade elevada nas variáveis bastonetes e eosinófilos, com valores dos desvios padrão superiores às médias correspondentes, e valores razoavelmente elevados no desvio padrão, nas variáveis segmentados, linfócitos e monócitos. Os valores para ureia, ALT, AST, FA, e Fósforo encontraram-se dentro dos valores de referência. A proteína plasmática total estava acima dos valores de referência em 55% dos animais. Conclui-se que os sinais clínicos e as alterações laboratoriais encontrados nos cães naturalmente infectados pela Ehrlichia canis não foram sinais específicos para diagnóstico da doença, sendo necessário utilizar outros meios como ferramenta diagnóstica.