bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porosity-Thermal Conductivity Relationships in Plasma Sprayed Zirconia Coatings
Authors: Kulkarni A.A. , Sampath S. , Goland A. , Herman H. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are used on heat engine parts to impart protection to components against failure under excessive heat loads, to increase inlet temperatures with consequent improvements in efficiency, and to reduce requirements for cooling. Control of thermal conductivity is addressed since low thermal conductivity depends not only on the nature of the yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) layer, but also on the morphology of pores and cracks, which are closely linked to process parameters. This paper will present the influence of feedstock characteristics (particle size distribution and powder morphology) and thermal cycling on porosity content and thermal conductivity of zirconia coatings. The results show increased porosity with particle size, due to an increase in the degree of particle fragmentation and unmelted particles, leading to lower thermal conductivity. Coatings sprayed with powders of different powder morphology yielded changes in porosity and interlamellar contact, thus, influenced thermal conductivity. Sintering effects during thermal cycling resulted in reduced porosity and increased thermal conductivity.
Observation on the WC-Co Coating Used in a Zinc Pot of a Continuous Galvanizing Line
Authors: Seong B.G. , Hwang S.Y. , Kim M.C. , Kim K.Y. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A continuous galvanizing line (CGL) has a zinc pot, which is filled with molten zinc for zinc coating. In a zinc pot there are pot rolls to guide steel strip. Usually WC-Co thermal sprayed coatings are used for protection of the pot rolls from severe corrosion by molten zinc. Authors analyzed WC-Co coatings used in a zinc pot of a CGL for 33 and 56 days. On the surface of a WC-Co coated roll, many kinds of deposits were observed including top dross, Fe2Al5 inter-metallic compound, which might induce dross defect on the surface of galvanized steel. Diffusion depth of zinc into the WC-Co coating used for 33 days was only within 10µm but some areas were severely attacked along cracks within the coating layer. Usually molten zinc contains small amount of aluminum about 0.12 - 0.2%. Through SEM study, we observed that not only zinc but also aluminum diffused into the WC-Co coating after service in the zinc pot for 56 days. Al-Fe rich layers were observed on the surface of the spray coating for some cases. The phase of those layers might be Fe2Al5 since their chemical compositions are similar to Fe2Al5 top dross.
Correlation Between Deposition Efficiency, Hardness, and Elastic Modulus for Thermally Sprayed Zirconia
Authors: Lima R.S. , Kucuk A. , Berndt C.C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Results concerning the relationship between deposition efficiency and mechanical properties with coating roughness are presented. A commercial partially stabilized zirconia powder was plasma sprayed at different power levels, H2/Ar ratio and spray distance. Coatings sprayed at high deposition efficiencies demonstrated improved mechanical properties. The deposition efficiency is also proportional to the coating roughness. When prepared with a high plasma power and a high H2/Ar ratio, and at short spray distances, these coatings exhibited the highest deposition efficiency and coating roughness. The high coating roughness associated with a high deposition efficiency arises because coarse powder particles are likely to be melted at higher plasma power. However, opposite trends were also observed within different regimes of powder size distribution and torch power. Another objective of this work was to demonstrate that a surface profilometer can be used to understand the deposition efficiency and mechanical properties of thermal spray coatings. Key words: Roughness, Mechanical Properties, DE.
Study on the Long-Term Stability of Plasma Spraying
Authors: Leblanc L. , Moreau C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The damaging of the electrodes during spraying can affect the reproducibility of the plasma spray process. Indeed, this may influence the plasma characteristics and the energy transfer to the sprayed particles resulting in significant changes in the coating attributes. In this paper, results from a detailed investigation on the stability of plasma spraying are presented. Specifically designed diagnosis tools were used to study the evolution of key parameters of a plasma spray process during a long-term experiment. A comprehensive analysis is carried out on the collected set of data, with an emphasis on the correlation that may exist among them. Results show significant variations in the particle state and gun characteristics with the spraying time. These variations are reflected in the microstructure of the sprayed coatings. The investigation also gives some indication on how the spray process could be controlled.
Properties of Plasma Sprayed Functionally Graded YSZ/NiCoCrAlY Composite Coatings
Authors: Khor K.A. , Gu Y.W. , Dong Z.L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings often face the problems of spallation and cracking in service owing to their poor bond strength and high residual stresses. Functionally graded thermal barrier coatings with a gradual compositional variation from heat resistant ceramics to fracture resistant metals are proposed to mitigate these problems. In this paper, functionally graded Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) / NiCoCrAlY composite coatings were prepared using pre-alloyed and spheroidized composite powders. The mechanical and thermal properties of graded YSZ/NiCoCrAlY composite coatings, such as elastic modulus, bond strength, coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal cycling and oxidation resistance were investigated. Results showed that the bond strength and thermal cycling resistance of FGM coatings were much better than that of the duplex coatings. The coefficient of thermal expansion and elastic modulus changed gradually through the 5-layer functionally graded coating.
Deposition and Testing of Thermal Barrier Coatings on Gas Turbine Vanes
Authors: Tului M. , Gualco G.C. , Scarpellini R. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
An innovative methodology to deposit, by plasma spraying, ceramic thermal barrier coatings on gas turbine blades and vanes was developed. Such a methodology produces a pattern of microcracks in the coating, thus improving its thermal shock resistance. After a laboratory campaign of process optimization and coating characterization, real components were coated with a 150µm thick layer of NiCoCrAlY as a bond coat and a 300µm thick layer of ZrO2, partially stabilised with 8%of Y2O3, as a top coat. In particular, four vanes, taken from the first stage of a land based gas turbine (V64.3, produced by Ansaldo), were coated on the whole airfoil. The four vanes were submitted to a cyclic oxidation test in a burner rig simulating the operative conditions of a gas turbine. In particular, they were exposed to a gas flow with the same composition, temperature and speed of the inlet gas of a real gas turbine; moreover, they were cooled by an internal stream of compressed air for obtaining the same temperature profile of a vane in operation. The surface temperature of the vanes was monitored during the test by an optical pyrometer and the internal temperature by a thermocouple. After 550 hours of test, corresponding to 550 cycles, the four vanes did not show any sign of damage.
Kajian Retorika Struktur Argumen Karya Tulis Ilmiah Siswa Hasil Ekstrakurikuler Karya Ilmiah Remaja SMA
Authors: Darlina Eka , Wardhana Dian Eka Chandra , Ariesta Ria 
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan struktur argumen latar belakang karya ilmiah yang tertuang pada pendahuluan karya tulis ilmiah ekstrakurikuler KIR siswa SMA. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi yang bersumber dari karya tulis ilmiah siswa ektrakulikuler karya ilmiah remaja SMA. Teknik analisis data dengan langkah-langkah pengkodean, pengklasifikasian, dan penafsiran. Uji keabsahan dengan member check dan uji pakar wacana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur argumen karya tulis ilmiah siswa hasil ektrakulikuler karya ilmiah remaja SMA berpola: 1) pernyataan, pembenaran, dan kesimpulan; 2) pernyataan, pembenaran, kesimpulan, dan subkesimpulan; 3) pernyataan, subpernyataan, pembenaran, dan kesimpulan; 4) pernyataan, pembenaran, subpembenaran, dan kesimpulan; 5) pernyataan dan pembenaran. Struktur argumen dalam karya tulis ilmiah sudah baik, walaupun ada yang belum lengkap terutama belum dihadirkannya kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan agar ditindaklanjuti khususnya bagi pelatih ektrakulikuler karya ilmiah remaja SMA untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada siswa dalam menulis paragraf argumentasi dengan menggunakan variasi pola argumen yang lengkap yaitu pernyataan, pembenaran, dan kesimpulan.
ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT OF ESOPHAGEAL-BRONCHIAL FISTULA IN A PATIENT WITH A LEYDEN MUTATION
Authors: Gasanov A. , Danielyan S. , Tarabrin E. , Kanibolotskiy A. , Nikolaeva E. , Kvardakova O. , Muslimov R. , Kammaev K. , Palagina V. 
Published: July 2021

Bronchoesophageal Fistula (BEF) is an uncommon condition related to complex thoracic surgery. The development of BEF is usually an indication of the progression of bronchial or lung cancer; whereas the etiology of this illness being recorded as benign is much rarer – not exceeding 4 - 6%. [1, 2].
Surgery is the main method for treating patients who have benign BEF, allowing for the reliable result. At the same time, similar operations are extremely traumatic and are fraught with the development of post-operation complications, especially when concerning patients with genetically determined coagulopathy.
Factor V Leiden mutation is a hereditary coagulopathy in which there is a point mutation in the gene that encodes blood coagulation factor V. Factor V Leiden mutation is the most common cause of the hereditary disposition to thrombosis, heart attacks, strokes in Europeans. The frequency of occurence among the population of the USA is 4 – 6% [3].
We present our own observation of successful endoscopic surgery to treat BEF in a patient with Factor V Leiden mutation and chronic pulmonary embolism.
Rzut oka na prawnokarne instrumenty zapobiegania i zwalczania przestępczości o charakterze terrorystycznym w polskim prawie karnym (uwagi poświęcone pamięci Pana Profesora Stanisława Pikulskiego)
Authors: Cieślak Wojciech 
Published: July 2021

Twórczość naukowa Profesora Stanisława Pikulskiego niewątpliwie ugruntowuje wiele istotnych zagadnień związanych z rozwojem nauk penalnych. Szczególnej atencji wymaga problematyka terroryzmu, a zwłaszcza odniesienie do prawnych środków zapobiegania i zwalczania tego zjawiska. Niniejsze opracowanie ujmuje m.in. zagadnienia związane z zasadnością wprowadzenia do polskiego systemu prawnego definicji przestępstwa o charakterze terrorystycznym i odpowiedniego zaostrzenia kar za przestępstwa tego typu. Podejmowane refleksje przedstawione są na tle rozważań naukowych podjętych przez Profesora Stanisława Pikulskiego w wymienionym zakresie. Niewątpliwie także zaostrzono ustawowy wymiar kary za czyny o charakterze terrorystycznym. Jak się wydaje, wprowadzone w ostatnim czasie przepisy tworzą spójny i, jak się wydaje, szczelny system norm umożliwiających zapobieganie i zwalczanie przestępczości o charakterze terrorystycznym. Trudno jednak jednoznacznie oceniać ich skuteczność, podobnie zresztą jak skuteczność rozwiązań instytucjonalnych, organizacyjnych czy strategicznych, funkcjonujących w naszym kraju. Powodem jest niewielkie, wręcz śladowe występowanie czynów o charakterze terrorystycznym. Nie zwalnia to jednak z obowiązku stałego monitorowania zjawiska oraz elastycznego reagowania (także w wymiarze odpowiedniego kształtowania uregulowań prawnych) na każde niepokojące sygnały.
Projekt zmian w ustawie o odpowiedzialności podmiotów zbiorowych za czyny zabronione pod groźbą kary w świetle wskazań decyzji ramowej Rady Europy 2002/475/WSiSW z dnia 13 czerwca 2002 r. w sprawie zwalczania terroryzmu (Dz.Urz. WE Nr 164, z późn. zm.)
Authors: Werbel-Cieślak Marta 
Published: July 2021

Przedmiotem i celem niniejszych rozważań jest wskazanie i omówienie unormowań związanych z projektowaną zmianą Ustawy o odpowiedzialności podmiotów zbiorowych za czyny zabronione pod groźbą kary z dnia 28 października 2002 r. (Dz.U. 2002 nr 197 poz. 1661 ze zm.) Wymieniona problematyka o charakterze materialnoprawnym (w zakresie ukształtowania przesłanek odpowiedzialności podmiotów zbiorowych) koreluje z zagadnieniami procesowymi dotyczącymi zmian regulacji prawnych w wymienionym zakresie. W opracowaniu sformułowano postulaty de lege ferenda, zwłaszcza odnośnie zdynamizowania postępowań prowadzonych na podstawie wymienionej Ustawy. Nadto, wskazano na zagrożenia, w sferze prawa karnego oraz ekonomiki, jakie mogą zaistnieć po wejściu w życie proponowanych zmian.
Przestępczość osób starszych – wybrane aspekty kryminologiczne
Authors: Świerczewska-Gąsiorowska Anna 
Published: July 2021

Obok obserwowanych zmian dynamiki w liczbie ludności na świecie należy zwrócić uwagę na postępujące zjawisko demograficzne, jakim jest starzenie się społeczeństw. Fenomen tego procesu definiuje się, jako wzrastający odsetek osób starszych w populacji ludzkiej. Można ten proces określić, jako współczesny trend światowy, który stał się przedmiotem panelów dyskusyjnych w gremiach międzynarodowych zarówno na poziomie państw jak i organizacjach pozarządowych. Wydaje się zatem koniecznym podejmowanie współcześnie dyskursu w obszarze kryminologii nie tylko w kontekście osób starszych jako ofiar przestępstw ale także osób starszych jako ich sprawców. Zasadniczym celem artykułu jest ukazanie, czym charakteryzuje się współczesna przestępczość osób starszych w Polsce w aspekcie jej rozmiarów, dynamiki i struktury. Analiza wyników badań pozwoliła wyprowadzić następujące wnioski: przestępstwa popełniane przez osoby starsze dotyczą seniorów w wieku 65,27 lat, mediana zaś wynosi 64 lata. Przestępstwa osób starszych zdecydowanie najczęściej podlegają kwalifikacji z kodeksu karnego. Stanowią one bowiem - 93% ogółu wszystkich przestępstw popełnianych przez osoby starsze. Analiza wyników badań doprowadziła również do wniosku, że udział przestępstw osób starszych wahał się w zależności od regionu Polski tj. od 1,4% do 3,1%.
Pengaruh Disiplin Dan Aktivitas Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Mahasiswa Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah FAI UM Sumatera Barat Tahun Ajaran 2022/2021
Authors: Susanti Dini , Nastuti Reni 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian expost facto, penelitian ini dilakukan setelah melihat fenomena-fenomena yang telah terjadi pada mahasiswa PGMI FAI Um Sumatera Barat setelah melakukan observasi. Hasil observasi menemukan bahwa terdapat mahasiswa yang belum disiplin dalam belajar dan masih kurang aktif dalam mengikuti pelajaran. Peneliti ingin mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh disiplin dan aktivitas belajar ini terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Pengaruh disiplin terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa PGMI, (2) pengaruh aktivitas belajar terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa PGMI, (3) pengaruh disiplin dan aktivitas belajar secara bersama-sama terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa PGMI. Instrumen penelitian untuk meneliti kedisiplinan dan aktivitas terhadap hasil belajar adalah teknik angket yang dimana telah disediakan alternatif-alternatif jawaban yang telah disediakan. Kemudian populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa PGMI tahun ajaran 2020/2021.
ANALISA KERUSAKAN PIPA AIR PENGUMPAN BOILER
Authors: Sukandar Sukandar , Heryana Yana 
Published: July 2021

Abstrak: Pipa air pengumpan boiler adalah suatu sistem pengumpan air ke boiler. Untuk pelindungan dari serangan korosi pada pipa disuntikkan inhibitor. Kerusakan terjadi pada pipadi ujung pipa injeksi inhibitor setelah 7 tahun operasi. Lokasi pipa inhibitor adalah 800 mm setelah swing check valve. Untuk mencari akar penyebab dilakukan analisa kerusakan. Untuk mendukung analisa kerusakan dilakukan pengujian dan pemeriksaan komposisi kimia, fraktografi, metalografi, kekerasan, produk korosi, polarisasi, simulasi aliran dan rasio Na dan PO4 dalam inhibitor. Hasil pemeriksaan komposisi kimia menunjukkan bahwa material pipa adalah sesuai standar. Hasil pemeriksaan fraktografi menunjukkan kerusakan berupa penipisan lokal berbentuk cekungan sepatu kuda. Hasil pemeriksaan metalografi menunjukkan struktur mikro material pipa adalah ferit dan perlit normal. Hasil pemeriksaan produk korosi menunjukkan kandungan oksigen yang sangat tinggi. Hasil pengujian polarisansi dengan inhibitor adalah 19,991 mpy. Hasil simulasi aliran menunjukkan di lokasi pipa injeksi inhibitor adalah zona aliran diam. Hasil pemeriksaan kandungan inhibitor menunjukkan bahwa rasio Na dan PO4 dibawah 2,85:1. Dari hasil pemeriksaan dan pengujian tersebut dapat dikerucutkan bahwa akar penyebab kerusakan pipa air pengumpan boiler adalah serangan korosi akibat konsentrasi oksigen.Kata kunci: Pipa Air Pengumpan Boiler, Baja Karbon, Inhibitor, Aliran Diam, Caustic Gouging, Konsentrasi Oksigen.
Pengantar Komunikasi
Authors: Othman Mohd. Baharudin , Ahmad Mohd. Khairie 
Published: July 2021

Buku ini membincangkan prinsip-prinsip asas bidang komunikasi, meliputi sejarah perkembangan ilmu komunikasi, model, komponen, bentuk mesej, jenis-jenis komunikasi, komunikasi pembangunan, komunikasi massa, komunikasi organisasi dan bidang-bidang profesional komunikasi seperti perhubungan awam, kewartawanan dan pengiklanan.
Antara ciri unik buku ini ialah skop penulisannya meliputi asas pengajian komunikasi, objektif pelajaran disediakan di setiap bab, soalan perbincangan di akhir setiap bab, kajian kes dan contoh tempatan digunakan, dan senarai rujukan lengkap berserta tautan laman sesawang mengikut bab. Justeru, buku ini amat sesuai dijadikan rujukan pelajar kursus asas komunikasi di Institut Pengajian Tinggi (IPT) dan bacaan umum.
Comparison of 2507 Duplex and 28 % Cr- Austenitic Stainless Steel Corrosion Behavior for High Pressure and High Temperature (HPHT) in Sour Service Condition with C-ring Experiment
Authors: Prabowo Harris , Munir Badrul , Pratesa Yudha , Soedarsono Johny W. 
Published: July 2021

The scarcity of oil and gas resources made High Pressure and High Temperature (HPHT) reservoir attractive to be developed. The sour service environment gives an additional factor in material selection for HPHT reservoir. Austenitic 28 Cr and super duplex stainless steel 2507 (SS 2507) are proposed to be a potential materials candidate for such conditions. C-ring tests were performed to investigate their corrosion behavior, specifically sulfide stress cracking (SSC) and sulfide stress cracking susceptibility. The C-ring tests were done under 2.55 % H2S (31.48 psia) and 50 % CO2 (617.25 psia). The testing was done in static environment conditions. Regardless of good SSC resistance for both materials, different pitting resistance is seen in both materials. The pitting resistance did not follow the general Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN), since SS 2507 super duplex (PREN > 40) has more pitting density than 28 Cr austenitic stainless steel (PREN < 40). SS 2507 super duplex pit shape tends to be larger but shallower than 28 Cr austenitic stainless steel. 28 Cr austenitic stainless steel has a smaller pit density, yet deeper and isolated.
Determining an effective and economic fungicide spray schedule for reducing blast of wheat
Authors: Kabir MH , Tisha FS , Nayan HR , Islam MA , Kashem MA , Uddin MI , Islam MR , Meah MB 
Published: July 2021

Wheat blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum (MoT), constitutes one of the major obstacles to the expansion of wheat production in Bangladesh. In the absence of resistant variety, fungicide control is the first-hand effort. Determining an effective and economic fungicide spray schedule in controlling blast disease of wheat was aimed. Ten fungicides were tested during two consecutive cropping seasons of 2018-2019 to 2019-2020. The wheat plants of blast susceptible cultivar BARI Gom 26 were inoculated with spores (107 spores ml-1) of MoT at pre-heading stage of wheat (52 days age). Fungicides were applied both before inoculation and after the appearance of blast symptoms in cocktail for three times starting from booting of wheat at 7 days interval. Plants received the combination of Filia (Tricyclazole 40% + Propiconazole 12.5%) and Seltima (Pyraclostrobin 10%) had significantly lower blast incidence and severity (1.23% and 3.33%) against untreated plants. Cocktail of Nativo and Trooper (Tricyclazole 75 wp) proved 2nd best curative measure. Application of Nativo (Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25%) alone ranked third in its efficacy. The fungicide spray schedule covered booting, pre-heading and heading stages of wheat. The results indicate a mixture of Tebuconazole + Tricyclazole + Pyraclostrobin is more effective (97% blast reduction) and economic (BCR 1.45) than a single compound application in reducing incidence and severity of wheat blast.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 10-16, June 2021
Association of common bacterial blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli) epidemics with agro ecological factors in Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Adila W , Terefe H , Bekele A 
Published: July 2021

Common bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, is an economically important disease of common bean and causes significant yield losses in Ethiopia. A field survey was conducted to understand the spatial distribution, relative importance and association of common bacterial blight epidemics with agro-ecological factors in low and mid-land areas of Southwestern, Ethiopia, during the 2018-19 cropping season. A total 85 bean fields were assessed in four common bean growing districts. High diseases incidence and severity was recorded at Debub Ari (77.6 and 52.7%, respectively) while the lowest was from Male (38.5 and 28.0%, respectively). The associations between disease parameters and agro-ecological factors were analyzed using multiple logistic regression models. Agronomic practices including NPS fertilization, preceding crop, weed management and plant population had highly significant (P<0.0001) association with both disease incidence and severity. Also, altitude, seed source and cropping system significantly (P<0.05) influenced disease severity while cropping pattern showed significant (P<0.05) association with disease incidence in the reduced model. Higher mean disease severity (≥40%) had high probability of association with district, absence of NPS fertilization, poor weed management practice, and preceding crops, than their counter parts. Adequate NPS fertilization increases growth performance of the crop in turn decreases disease intensity, weed serve as alternate host for incoming inoculum and previous crops were source for inocula as well as crop rotation used as reduce inoculum load. Therefore, the present study showed that the disease is a major production constraint of common bean, and suggested proper nutrient and weed management practices, and crop rotation to reduce common bacterial blight in the study areas.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 74-83, June 2021