bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of dietary advanced glycation end-products restriction on type 2 diabetes mellitus control: a systematic review
Authors: Oliveira Julia S , de Almeida Carolina , de Souza Ângela M N , da Cruz Luciana D , Alfenas Rita C G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Context
Reducing dietary advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) may favor diabetes control.

Objective
Critically analyze studies about the effect of dietary AGEs restriction on inflammation, oxidative stress, and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2).

Data Source
This systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA methodology. The PubMed, Web of Science, LILACS, and Cochrane Library databases were searched, using the terms “type 2 diabetes,” “advanced glycation end products” and “diet.”

Data Extraction
Seven original studies were included in this review. The duration of the studies ranged from 1 day to 16 weeks. All extracted data were compiled, compared, and critically analyzed.

Data Analysis
Glycemic variables were considered the primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes were glycation, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers.

Conclusion
Although serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and glycated hemoglobin values were lower after the consumption of AGEs restricted diets in most studies, there was a lack of unanimity regarding dietary AGEs’ positive effect on inflammation, oxidative stress, and blood glucose.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020152640.
Integration of Cell Growth and Asymmetric Division during Lateral Root Initiation in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Schütz Lilli Marie , Louveaux Marion , Vilches Barro Amaya , Bouziri Sami , Cerrone Lorenzo , Wolny Adrian , Kreshuk Anna , Hamprecht Fred A , Maizel Alexis 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Lateral root formation determines to a large extent the ability of plants to forage their environment and thus their growth. In Arabidopsis thaliana and other angiosperms, lateral root initiation requires radial cell expansion and several rounds of anticlinal cell divisions that give rise to a central core of small cells, which express different markers than the larger surrounding cells. These small central cells then switch their plane of divisions to periclinal and give rise to seemingly morphologically similar daughter cells that have different identities and establish the different cell types of the new root. Although the execution of these anticlinal and periclinal divisions is tightly regulated and essential for the correct development of the lateral root, we know little about their geometrical features. Here, we generate a four-dimensional reconstruction of the first stages of lateral root formation and analyze the geometric features of the anticlinal and periclinal divisions. We identify that the periclinal divisions of the small central cells are morphologically dissimilar and asymmetric. We show that mother cell volume is different when looking at anticlinal vs. periclinal divisions and the repeated anticlinal divisions do not lead to reduction in cell volume, although cells are shorter. Finally, we show that cells undergoing a periclinal division are characterized by a strong cell expansion. Our results indicate that cells integrate growth and division to precisely partition their volume upon division during the first two stages of lateral root formation.
The delivery of obesity interventions to children and adolescents with physical disabilities: a systematic review
Authors: Matizanadzo Joshua T , Paudyal Priyamvada 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
To examine the process and mechanisms of delivering obesity interventions to physically disabled children/adolescents.

Methods
PubMed, Medline, CINAHL Plus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov, Science Direct were systematically and manually searched for studies conducted in physically disabled children/adolescents (0–18 years). Included interventions were physical activity, diet and obesity prevention education. Included outcomes were body mass index (BMI)/weight and obesity prevention knowledge. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool aided methodological quality assessments. Data were extracted and delivery models were synthesized and narratively summarized using the social ecological model.

Results
Seven studies of low (n = 4) and moderate (n = 3) scoring on methodological quality were eligible for inclusion. Study duration was 5 months or less (n = 5), 8 months (n = 1) and 2 years (n = 1). Interventions were delivered at home, school, hospital and rehabilitation centre through the internet, face-to-face and parents. No intervention was delivered at three or more levels of individual, interpersonal, institutional or community levels. No study reported significant outcomes on reduction in BMI/weight, or increase in obesity prevention knowledge.

Conclusions
Evidence reviewed in this study shows that obesity interventions for physically disabled children/adolescents lack both in delivery and design. Gaps revealed should be considered when developing interventions for this special population.
Effectiveness and safety of mizoribine for the treatment of IgG4-related disease: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Fukui Sho , Kawaai Satoshi , Nakai Takehiro , Suda Masei , Ikeda Yukihiko , Nomura Atsushi , Tamaki Hiromichi , Kishimoto Mitsumasa , Ohde Sachiko , Okada Masato 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objective
Patients with IgG4-related disease (IgG4RD) usually require steroid-sparing agents due to relapse with tapering glucocorticoids (GC). We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of mizoribine (MZR) among IgG4RD patients.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed records of IgG4RD patients at Immuno-Rheumatology Center in St. Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. Patients treated with MZR were classified into the MZR group, and those treated with GC alone or with other immunosuppressants were included in the control group. Disease exacerbation, GC dose, IgG-IgG4 titre and adverse events were evaluated using univariate analyses, including the Kaplan–Meier method. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate risk factors for disease exacerbation.

Results
A total of 14 and 29 cases were included in the MZR and control group. Multiple organ involvement (three or more organs) was significantly more frequent in the MZR group [10 (71.4%) vs 9 (31.0%), P= 0.021]. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed a significant reduction inexacerbation in patients with multiple organ involvement (P&lt; 0.001) but not in total (P= 0.42). The adjusted hazard ratios of MZR use and multiple organ involvement for exacerbation were 0.34 (95%CI 0.12–1.01; P = 0.052) and 3.51 (95%CI 1.29–9.51; P= 0.014). The cumulative GC dose (mg per year, interquartile range) tended to be lower in the MZR group [1448 (1003–1642) vs 2179 (1264–3425); P= 0.09].

Conclusion
MZR decreased disease exacerbation among IgG4RD patients with multi-organ involvement and showed a steroid-sparing effect. MZR could be a treatment option for IgG4RD.
Implementation of a Universal Screening Process for Substance Use in Pregnancy
Authors: Ulrich Micah , Memmo Elise Petersen , Cruz Alissa , Heinz Alexandra , Iverson Ronald E. 
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE:
To implement a standardized universal substance use screening process in an outpatient prenatal clinic at an urban tertiary care hospital.

METHODS:
Using a quality-improvement framework that involved process modeling, stakeholder analyses, and plan-do-study-act cycles, we implemented universal substance use screening for prenatal patients using a modified 5Ps screening tool (Parents, Peers, Partner, Past, Present). Implementation included an operational workflow based on the SBIRT (Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral to Treatment) model. The primary outcome measure was percentage of patients who were screened for substance use, with a goal of 90% screened. Secondary outcome measures were percentage who screened positive and percentage of the time a positive screen resulted in documentation of a brief intervention by a health care practitioner.

RESULTS:
Over a 19-month implementation period, 733 patient encounters were sampled. A substance use screen was completed in 618 (84%). We exceeded our goal of screening 90% of eligible patients for the final 6 months of data collection. Of the 618 completed screens, 124 (20%) screened positive. Health care practitioner documentation of brief interventions for patients with a positive screen reached 80% in the final phase of implementation, but then declined to 50% by the completion of the study period.

CONCLUSION:
A sustainable and generalizable process to carry out substance use screening within a large prenatal practice is feasible, and assisted with identification of patients not known to be at risk. Further efforts are needed to evaluate how to sustain health care practitioner documentation of intervention in response to positive screens.
Predictors of Initiation of Medication for Opioid Use Disorder and Retention in Treatment Among U.S. Pregnant Women, 2013–2017
Authors: Nguemeni Tiako Max Jordan , Friedman Ari , Culhane Jennifer , South Eugenia , Meisel Zachary F. 
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE:
To describe trends and factors associated with medication administration for opioid use disorder (OUD) and retention in treatment among pregnant women with OUD.

METHODS:
This is a retrospective, nationwide, cross-sectional analysis of treatment episodes for primary OUD among pregnant women from 2013 to 2017. The primary outcome was initiation of methadone, buprenorphine, or naltrexone. Secondary outcomes were retention in treatment defined as length of treatment episode lasting six months or greater, and completion of treatment. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were applied to describe trends in, and identify factors associated with the outcomes.

RESULTS:
There were 42,239 treatment episodes for primary OUD among pregnant women who reported using heroin (65.0%, 27,459), synthetic opioid (33.2%, 14,034), or nonprescribed methadone (1.8%, 746) between 2013 and 2017. Medications for OUD were administered in 47.4% (20,013) of episodes. Retention in treatment occurred in 16.6% of episodes without medications for OUD, and 37.8% of episodes with medications for OUD (P=.01). The rate of medication administration for OUD increased from 41.0% in 2013 to 52.0% in 2017; however, retention rates declined from 39.0% to 33.0% among treatment episodes with medication for OUD. History of at least one prior treatment episode was associated with both administration of medications for OUD and retention in treatment.

CONCLUSION:
In spite of current guidelines, most treatment episodes for OUD during pregnancy did not involve administration of medications for OUD. Although administration of medications for OUD has improved over time, retention in treatment is lagging. These findings highlight gaps in the U.S. addiction care system.
Length of the Second Stage of Labor in Women Delivering Twins
Authors: Levin Gabriel , Meyer Raanan , Many Ariel , Schwartz Anat , Tsur Abraham , Yinon Yoav , Yogev Yariv , Yagel Simcha , Rosenbloom Joshua I. 
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the length of the second stage of labor in twin deliveries and to compare the length of the second stage in twin and singleton gestations.

METHODS:
This is a retrospective cohort study from three large hospitals in Israel. Clinical data were collected from the electronic medical record. The primary outcome was the length of the second stage (the time from documented 10-cm dilation until spontaneous vaginal delivery of the first twin). Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the association of clinical factors with the length of the second stage. The length of the second stage in twin and singleton pregnancies was compared.

RESULTS:
From 2011 to June, 2020, there were 2,009 twin deliveries and 135,217 singleton deliveries. Of the twin deliveries, 655 (32.6%) of the patients were nulliparous (95th percentile length of the second stage 3 hours and 51 minutes), 1,235 (61.5%) were parous (95th percentile 1 hour 56 minutes), and 119 (5.9%) were grand multiparous (five or more prior deliveries) (95th percentile 1 hour 24 minutes). In women delivering twins, epidural use was associated with a statistically significant increase in the length of the second stage of 40 minutes in nulliparous patients and 15 minutes in parous patients. In all groups, the length of the second stage was longer in patients delivering twins compared with singletons. Second-stage length longer than the 95th percentile in twins was associated with admission to the neonatal intensive care unit and need for phototherapy.

CONCLUSION:
Second-stage labor is longer in twins than singletons and is associated with obstetric history. Normal ranges for the second stage may be useful in guiding clinical practice.
Accuracy, Clinical Utility, and Usability of a Wireless Self-Guided Fetal Heart Rate Monitor
Authors: Porter Paul , Muirhead Fleur , Brisbane Joanna , Schneider Brooke , Choveaux Jennifer , Bear Natasha , Carson Jennie , Jones Kym , Silva Desiree , Neppe Cliff 
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the accuracy, clinical utility, and usability of a wireless fetal and maternal heartbeat monitor to monitor fetal heart rate (FHR).

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective, single-center study of a convenience sample of women aged 18 years or older with a singleton pregnancy of at least 12 weeks of gestation. Fetal heart rate recordings were performed using both the heartbeat monitor and cardiotocography to evaluate accuracy. Clinicians used the heartbeat monitor in the clinic. Women used the device, unassisted, during a clinic visit or at home. Obstetricians assessed the clinical utility of FHR traces. Women rated the heartbeat monitor using the System Usability Scale.

RESULTS:
A total of 81 participants provided 126 recordings. The accuracy of the heartbeat monitor was excellent compared with cardiotocography, with limits of agreement (95%) for mean FHR between −1.6 (CI −2.0 to 1.3) and +1.0 (CI 0.7–1.4) beats per minute (bpm), mean difference −0.3 bpm, intraclass coefficient 0.99. The FHR was detected on all occasions. Clinicians took a median (interquartile range) of 0.5 (0.2–1.2) minutes to detect the FHR, obtaining a continuous trace of longer than 1 minute in 95% (39/41) of occasions. Home users took a median of 0.5 (0.2–2.0) minutes to detect the FHR, obtaining a continuous trace of longer than 1 minute in 92% (24/26) of occasions, with a median total trace time of 4.6 (4.4–4.8) minutes. The traces were deemed clinically useful in 100% (55/55) of clinician and 97% (31/32) of home recordings. The heartbeat monitor ranked in the 96–100th percentile for usability and learnability.

CONCLUSION:
The heartbeat monitor was accurate and easy for clinicians and participants to use. Data recorded at home were equivalent to those obtained using current assessment protocols for low-risk pregnancies, potentially allowing the device to be used in telehealth consultations.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry, ACTRN12620000739910.

FUNDING SOURCES:
The HeraBEAT devices used in this study were loaned by HeraMED Pty Ltd (HeraMED, Netanya, ISRAEL). The study was supported by PHI Research Group (not-for-profit), which was responsible for Statistician fees and Research Assistants' salaries. Joondalup Health Campus provided infrastructure support, and IT services in-kind to the PHI research group.
Behavioral Smoking Cessation Counseling During Pregnancy
Authors: Bacheller Hannah L. , Hersh Alyssa R. , Caughey Aaron B. 
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE:
To examine the cost effectiveness of using behavioral smoking cessation counseling during pregnancy.

METHODS:
We designed a decision-analytic model using TreeAge Pro 2020 software to compare the cost effectiveness and outcomes among women who received behavioral smoking cessation counseling compared with women who received usual care during pregnancy. We used a theoretical cohort of 285,000 women, the approximate number of pregnant women who smoke each year in the United States. Outcomes included maternal abstinence from smoking, fetal growth restriction, stillbirth, preterm delivery, neonatal death, and cerebral palsy, in addition to cost and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) for both the woman and the neonate. All model inputs were derived from the literature, and a willingness-to-pay threshold was set at $100,000 per QALY. Sensitivity analyses were performed to determine the robustness of baseline assumptions.

RESULTS:
In our theoretical cohort, behavioral smoking cessation counseling compared with usual care was associated with 9,019 additional women stopping smoking during pregnancy (34,604 vs 25,585). Smoking cessation counseling also resulted in 911 fewer cases of fetal growth restriction, 20 fewer stillbirths, 250 fewer preterm deliveries, 11 fewer neonatal deaths, and one less case of cerebral palsy. Using behavioral smoking cessation counseling interventions during pregnancy led to better outcomes despite higher costs, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $71,658 per QALY, which was below our willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000 per QALY, making the intervention cost effective. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the counseling intervention was cost effective at probabilities of smoking cessation greater than 11.6% (baseline input: 12.1%) or the cost of the behavioral intervention was less than $475.21 (baseline input: $368.78).

CONCLUSION:
Behavioral smoking cessation counseling during pregnancy was associated with fewer adverse neonatal outcomes and was cost effective. Increasing utilization of such interventions and increasing insurance coverage of this care are important initiatives to improve outcomes in this at-risk population.
Perioperative Outcomes Following Combined Versus Isolated Colorectal and Liver Resections
Authors: Ward William H. , Hui Jane , Davis Catherine H. , Li Tianyu , Goel Neha , Handorf Elizabeth , Ross Eric A. , Curley Steven A. , Karachristos Andreas , Esnaola Nestor F. 
Published: March 2021

Objectives:
Our objective was to compare outcomes following combined versus isolated resections for metastatic colorectal cancer and/or liver metastases using a large, contemporary national database.

Background:
Controversy persists regarding optimal timing of resections in patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastases.

Methods:
We analyzed 11,814 patients with disseminated colorectal cancer and/or liver metastases who underwent isolated colon, rectal, or liver resections (CRs, RRs, or LRs) or combined colon/liver or rectal/liver resections (CCLRs or CRLRs) in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Participant Use File (2011–2015). We examined associations between resection type and outcomes using univariate/multivariate analyses and used propensity adjustment to account for nonrandom receipt of isolated versus combined resections.

Results:
Two thousand four hundred thirty-seven (20.6%); 2108 (17.8%); and 6243 (52.8%) patients underwent isolated CR, RR, or LR; 557 (4.7%) and 469 (4.0%) underwent CCLR or CRLR. Three thousand three hundred ninety-five patients (28.7%) had serious complications (SCs). One hundred forty patients (1.2%) died, of which 113 (80.7%) were failure to rescue (FTR). One thousand three hundred eighty-six (11.7%) patients experienced unplanned readmission. After propensity adjustment and controlling for procedural complexity, wound class, and operation year, CCLR/CRLR was independently associated with increased risk of SC, as well as readmission (compared with LR). CCLR was also independently associated with increased risk of FTR and death (compared with LR).

Conclusions:
Combined resection uniformly confers increased risk of SC and increased risk of mortality after CCLR; addition of colorectal to LR increases risk of readmission. Combined resections are less safe, and potentially more costly, than isolated resections. Effective strategies to prevent SC after combined resections are warranted.
Utilization of a Novel Negative Pressure Platform Wound Dressing on Surgical Incisions: A Case Series
Authors: Cooper Laura E. , O’Toole Megan C. , Fields Kristopher L. , Eriksson Elof K. , Chan Rodney K. 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Closed incision negative pressure therapy (ciNPT) has been shown to improve wound healing for patients at high risk for wound complications. Current devices consist of opaque interface dressings that do not allow ongoing visual evaluation of the surgical incision and utilize a negative pressure of −80 mm Hg to −125 mm Hg. The Negative Pressure Platform Wound Dressing (NP-PWD) was developed to address these aspects. This case series is the first evaluation of the NP-PWD in a clinical setting.

Methods:
Patients aged 18–85 undergoing an operation with an anticipated incision and primary closure were screened. Demographics, comorbidities, and operation performed were recorded. Following closure, the incision was measured and photographed before NP-PWD placement. The NP-PWD was removed at the first postoperative check (POC) between postoperative days (PODs) 3–5. Subjects were followed until PODs 9–14. POCs consisted of incision assessment, measurement, photography, and adverse event monitoring.

Results:
A total of 8 patients with 10 incisions were included in the study. Five patients were men. Median age was 56 years (IQR 53–74 years). All incisions were intact and without inflammation or infection at all POCs. Three adverse events, including small blisters and interruption of therapy, were noted.

Conclusions:
This case series reports that patients tolerated the NP-PWD on closed surgical incisions well and that all incisions were intact without evidence of inflammation or infection after 2 weeks of follow-up. Future controlled, clinical studies should further examine the safety and efficacy of the use of the NP-PWD.
The partial saphenous nerve injury model of pain impairs reward-related learning but not reward sensitivity or motivation
Authors: Phelps Caroline E. , Lumb Bridget M. , Donaldson Lucy F. , Robinson Emma S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Chronic pain is highly comorbid with affective disorders, including major depressive disorder. A core feature of major depressive disorder is a loss of interest in previously rewarding activities. Major depressive disorder is also associated with negative affective biases where cognitive processes are modulated by the affective state. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that reward-related learning and memory is impaired in rodent models of depression generated through a variety of different manipulations. This study investigated different aspects of reward-related behaviour in a rodent model of chronic pain, the partial saphenous nerve injury (PSNI). Using our reward-learning assay, an impairment in reward learning was observed with no difference in sucrose preference, consistent with a lack of effect on reward sensitivity and similar to the effects seen in depression models. In a successive negative contrast task, chronic pain was not associated with changes in motivation for reward either under normal conditions or when reward was devalued although both sham and PSNI groups exhibited the expected negative contrast effect. In the affective bias test, PSNI rats developed a positive affective bias when treated with gabapentin, an effect not seen in the controls suggesting an association with the antinociceptive effects of the drug inducing a relatively more positive affective state. Together, these data suggest that there are changes in reward-related cognition in this chronic pain model consistent with previous findings in rodent models of depression. The effects seen with gabapentin suggest that pain-associated negative affective state may be remediated by this atypical analgesic.