bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microvascular Decompression using muscle graft for interposition: A retrospective study
Authors: Karki Prasanna , Joshi Sumit , Paudel Prakash , Shah Damber Bikram , Sharma Gopal Raman 
Published: June 2021

Objective: This studies aims to evaluate the outcome of Microvascular Decompression (MVD) using a muscle graft for interposition in Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN), Hemifacial Spasm (HFS) and Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia (GPN). All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon (G.R.S).
Methods: In total, 26 patients with TN, HFS and GPN underwent MVD from September 2007 to April 2019. All the patients were either medically refractory or poor symptom tolerance. The mean follow-up period was 72 months.
Results: Each MVD was performed using an autologous muscle graft with interposition of vessels. One patient (3.84%) had reoccurrence after MVD with muscle graft and two patients (7.69%) had partial relief.
Conclusion: Various types of prosthesis are used for transposition and interposition of vessels in MVD surgeries. Although in our case series we didn't use any prosthesis for the comparative outcome, the use of muscle graft showed minimal reoccurrence rate with benefit of being cost effective. Therefore, we need randomized controlled trials to prove the superiority of muscle graft from other prosthesis material.
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion using polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage
Authors: Jha Rajiv 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:There are ways to operate for herniated cervical disc starting from simple discectomy to artificial disc replacement.
Materials and Methods:This is a prospective study of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) age device conducted from January 2016 till September 2019. Age, sex ratio, the level of disc prolapses, symptoms, complications of surgery and the outcome was assessed.Neurological assessment was done pre-and postoperative as defined by Odom’s criteria and Ranawat et al grading system. Check x ray was done at 3 and 6 months.
Results: The total number of cases was 82, predominantly males (62%). Disc prolapse due to degenerative disease was the most common case (68%). C5-6 was the most often disc prolapse level (40%), followed by C6-7 level (38%) with multiple level disc prolapse in 12%. Applying Ranawat grading system of neurological deficit; at presentation, majority were in Grade II (54%), followed by Grade IIIA (19%). Postoperatively there was a reduction in weakness from 54% to 16% in Grade II and from 19% to 8% for Grade IIIA. Majority had excellent and good outcome based on Odom’s criteria. The continuity of the graft and the adjacent spinal curvature was also assessed and there was more than 96% fusion rate.
Conclusion:Use of local autograft with a PEEK cage hasbenefit of working within the same operative window as the ACDF, thus reducing the infection, bleeding, and pain risks that may be encountered with a second incision. It is very safe to use in single level or multilevel cervical disc prolapse and also saves additional time of harvesting graft from donor site.
Characteristic Scales, Scaling, and Geospatial Analysis
Authors: Chen Yanguang 
Published: June 2021

Les phénomènes géographiques s’inscrivent dans deux catégories : les phénomènes dépendants d’échelle et les phénomènes invariants d’échelle. Les premiers ont des échelles caractéristiques, ce qui n’est pas le cas des seconds. Les méthodes quantitatives et mathématiques classiques ne peuvent être appliquées efficacement aux phénomènes géographiques dépendants d’échelle. L’auteur compare les systèmes géographiques dépendants d’échelle et invariants d’échelle au moyen de simples modèles mathématiques applicables à la géographie. Les perspectives sont essentiellement les suivantes. Premièrement, les phénomènes dépendants d’échelle peuvent être étudiés au moyen de méthodes mathématiques traditionnelles, alors que l’analyse des phénomènes invariants d’échelle devrait reposer sur une théorie fondée sur la mise en échelle comme celle de la géométrie fractale. Deuxièmement, les phénomènes dépendants d’échelle relèvent du géoespace basé sur la distance, tandis que les phénomènes invariants d’échelle relèvent du géoespace basé sur la dimension. Troisièmement, quatre méthodes permettant de distinguer les phénomènes invariants d’échelle des phénomènes dépendants d’échelle sont présentées : transformation d’échelle, distribution de probabilités, fonctions d’autocorrélation et d’autocorrélation partielle, et indice ht ( head/tail — tête/queue). En pratique, un système géographique complexe comporte des aspects dépendants d’échelle et des aspects invariants d’échelle. Il convient d’adapter les méthodologies aux différents types de systèmes géographiques ou aux différents aspects d’un même système géographique.
DA ÉTICA POLICIAL: um pressuposto no uso da força em Portugal
Authors: Torres Bruno Miguel Fena 
Published: June 2021

Os Direitos Humanos e a dignidade da pessoa humana são a premissa principal numa atuação policial. A legítima violência empregue pela Polícia, de modo a prover segurança aos demais cidadãos são um símbolo de soberania e a razão da existência de um Estado democrático.
Concomitantemente, a atuação das instituições securitárias poderá levantar uma dúvida Ética, já que a Ética acaba por ser o garante e a legitimação da ação das forças de segurança, poderemos questionar qual o limite em que se poderá sacrificar a Ética na atividade policial, restringindo certos direitos, liberdades e garantias dos cidadãos. Poderá uma intervenção policial violenta proteger a ética do Homem? A própria violência policial não se deve constituir como uma forma de violência destrutiva; deve sim, seguir determinados parâmetros éticos.
Em tal contexto, intenta-se investigar qual a legitimidade do uso da força em ação policial, indissociável da perspectiva normativo-legal e dos demais princípios norteadores da atividade policial, em especial dos referentes ao recurso do uso da força policial.
Makanan dan Kebiasaan Makan Ikan Sembilang (Plotosus canius) di Perairan Kota Tanjungpinang, Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Safitri Desi , Susiana Susiana , Suryanti Ani 
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis makanan, dan rasio panjang usus ikan sembilang pada perairan Kota Tanjungpinang yang meliputi index of preponderance dan indeks kepenuhan lambung. Lokasi sampling ditentukan berdasarkan metode purposive sampling dengan menetapkan 3 stasiun pengamatan dan 3 kali pengulangan yang dilaksanakan pada November 2018 sampai Maret 2019. Analisis data yang dilakukan yaitu rasio panjang usus dengan panjang total, indeks bagian terbesar, dan indeks kepenuhan lambung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rasio panjang usus dan panjang total masing-masing pada sembilang jantan dan betina di ketiga stasiun sebesar 1,24;1,26:1,30. Index of preponderance berkisar 34,4 – 50,2% pakan utama pada umumnya terdiri dari kelompok, kepiting, kerang, udang dan siput sehingga dapat disimpulkan ikan sembilang bersifat karnivora. Makanan pelengkap ikan sembilang dijumpai seperti detritus dan juga dari spesies Fitoplankton (Mikroalgae) yaitu Acinastrum sp. Chlorella sp. Pediastrum sp. Characium sp. Anabaena sp. Thalasionema sp. Oscillatoria sp. Ceratium sp. Peridinium sp. Navicula sp. Gyrosigma sp.
Novel Reviews
Authors: Molloy Deborah Snow , Briwa Robert M. 
Published: June 2021

Ann Petry, The Street (London: Virago, 2019), 416pp., £9.99 (soft back)Luis Alberto Urrea, The Devil’s Highway: A True Story (New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2004), xxi +239 pp. $16.99 (paperback).
The value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and CD8 expression as a predictor of response to anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in invasive breast carcinoma of no special type
Authors: Miskad Upik A. , Rifai Rizki A. , Masadah Rina , Nelwan Berti , Ahmad Djumadi , Cangara Husni , Prihantono Prihantono , Zainuddin Andi Alfian , Rahawarin Halidah 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: The immune system is known to play an important role in tumor cell eradication. Although cancer cells were able to escape from the immune system, many studies showed mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrates known as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) on breast cancer histopathology specimens showed better prognosis, including in disease-free survival (DFS) and chemotherapy responses. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to reveal the predictive value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) levels and CD8 expression in invasive breast carcinoma of no special type patients’ samples on response to anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS: 75 pre-treatment biopsy samples that were diagnosed as invasive breast carcinoma of no special type were evaluated. TILs level determined following recommendations of International TILs Working Group 2014, CD8 expression assessed semiquantitatively after immunohistochemistry staining. Response to anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy evaluated clinically using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) criteria and pathologically by evaluating hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained slides from mastectomy specimens after 3 or 4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS: Chi-squared analysis showed a significant relationship between TILs level and CD8 expression with chemotherapy responses clinically (p = 0.011 and p = 0.017 respectively) but not pathologically. Furthermore, the logistic regression test exhibit the predictive value of TILs level was 66.7% and CD8 expression was 64%. CONCLUSIONS: This study results suggest that TILs level and CD8 expression may be added as predictive factors to the response of anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and oncologists may take benefit in breast cancer patient’s management.
Lucy Delap: Feminisms: A Global History
Authors: Šůsová Kristina 
Published: June 2021

Feminism’s origins have often been framed around a limited cast of mostly white and educated foremothers, but the truth is that feminism has been and continues to be a global movement. For centuries, women from all walks of life have been mobilizing for gender justice. As the last decade has reminded even the most powerful women, there is nothing “post-feminist” about our world. And there is much to be learned from the passion and protests of the past.
The semiotic dominants of initiation physicality
Authors: Kostiuk Olha 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the article is to investigate the semiotic dominants of physicality in initiation practices, conditioned by both external and internal representations of human beings. The methodology is based on the use of psychoanalytic, structural-semiotic, philosophical-anthropological, and cultural-historical methods. Scientific novelty. The application of the structural-semiotic approach allows us to reconstruct the symbolic system of physicality as a text having an internal structure and to suggest ways of deciphering this text. The semiotic dominants of initiation physicality on the example of hair, hairstyle, mask, and various manipulations with the body are considered, characteristics of their filling are given. Conclusions. Examples of the semiotic dominants of initiation physicality prove that initiation is represented through the prism of a semiotic process in which physicality is a sign and the context and conditions of its expression are initiations. This theory of sign systems provides an opportunity to interpret the human experience as an interpretive structure in which the way a person uses a sign or acts through initiation practices determines the approach to a perfect image. Models of modern man's behavior are based primarily on the attainment of bodily perfection with the help of hairstyle, makeup, tattooing, piercing, aesthetic methods of surgery, etc. This process is an unconscious means of copying the actions of an archaic person who has used tattoos, scarring, and other manipulations of the body in rituals and rituals of initiation. A promising direction for further research is the detailed study of initiation physicality in contemporary cultural space as an appropriate model of positioning the individual in a society, which proclaims the requirements for manipulation and transformation in order to conform to the image of the body formed by that society.
Аctionism in the theater practices of Western Ukraine of the end of the XX century
Authors: Nadiia Babii  
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the publication is to capture the facts of theatrical actionism in Western Ukraine against the background of the socio-political crisis of the late twentieth century, to identify different contexts of perception of practices, to explore the arsenal of artistic means inherent in the phenomenon. Research methods: a factor method is used that allowed to assess the place and role of theatrical actionism in Western Ukraine in the late twentieth century in historical reality and the method of causal analysis, which traced the genesis of this phenomenon. The field research method is used to collect sources. The issue of theatrical actionism in the consolidating practices of Western Ukraine at the end of the twentieth century is considered, the key changes in the movements towards the predominance of interaction, experimentation, performativity, social activity and politicization in general are identified. Conclusions. As proved, the bright manifestations of actionism in the theatrical practices of Western Ukraine in the late twentieth century were a bold attempt to construct a new society and consciousness by means of culture. The period of experiments coincided not only with national movements, but also with the time of destruction of hierarchies: ideological, economic, value, so in each case the directors focused on their own understanding of dialogue with society, aimed not only at expression but also its formation. Common features and differences of the approach in concrete actions to translation of contents, actual symbolics, contexts are revealed: both delegated, and reflected. Forms of interaction of directors, creative groups with the public in the context of political, sociocultural and aesthetic impact are clarified. The self-reflexivity of the phenomenon is proven ,in which theatrical actionists often identified themselves with the state in the symbolic field, acquiring the characteristics of creators of new meanings, mixing artistic and social, and finally, becoming representatives of public influence.The Galician Young Theater became a system of meanings, a personal example of sacrifice, a directed action that transformed the mass consciousness of the Sovietized towns, villages of Prykarpattia and Bukovyna. The Lesya Kurbas Theater in Lviv united intellectuals and aesthetes with its actions, created a refined society, and the festival "Dislocations" demonstrated a total, anarchic fascination with both attention and space.
The language of the media as an indicator of the language culture of modern society
Authors: Lysyniuk Maryna 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of the language of the Ukrainian media as an indicator of the linguistic culture of modern society. Research methodology. The interdisciplinary nature of the study led to the use of general scientific methods, in particular, unstructured systematic observation and descriptive technique. The scientific novelty lies in the generalization of linguistic trends in modern media, in explaining the reasons for linguistic shifts in recent decades. The article notes the dominant position in the stylistic system of our time of the language of the media, which has become the main factor in the productive functioning of the Ukrainian language, a factor that determines its cultural, historical, and historical and linguistic originality. In addition, the language of the media plays the role of a kind of model of the national language in the information society, largely shaping literary norms, language tastes, and preferences, influencing the perception of politics, art, literature, and the like. Hence the urgent need to comply with the language of the media literary norms. Conclusions. The conclusions note that one of the most important areas of studying the cultural aspect of the language of the media is to find out how the latter affects culture. The essence of this influence lies in the fact that the language of the media, which covers practically unlimited topics, significantly affects the literary language, and through it, the culture. The language of the media enriches the literary language, saturating it with evaluative turns, forming a refined language, developing techniques, and methods of discussion and polemics. Developing a literary language, the language of the media also contributes to the development of culture due to, for example, the qualities of speech such as flexibility, wealth, and a variety of functions. It is emphasized that the power and advantage of journalism plays an important role in the language of the media - in the direct impact on the addressee, the audience. Therefore, the mission of a journalist is to positively influence the mass audience, to correct its motivation, behavior, and worldview. It is concluded that the language of the media should be exemplary in terms of the competent use of linguistic ethics, correct word usage, the richness of vocabulary, expressive word-formation. Attention is drawn to the fact that the role of neological vocabulary in the media, which reflects the current processes in society, remains a problem in media speech. Further research is also required by the question of the characteristics of the media language and the prospects for its development.
The artistic image of Norway: to the issue of fixation the cultural landscape
Authors: Som-Serdyukova Olena 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the article is to review changes in worldview and artistic expressions in fixing the cultural landscape of Norway; to trace the reasons in the formation of the style of romanticism, where research function in reflecting nature and culture had a big role; to analyze the features of the local artistic tradition and forms of stylistic transformations that led to the evolution of the cultural landscape vision. To achieve the goal, the analyses from the works of J. Flintoe, J.C. Dahl, N. Astrup, C. Krog, E. Munch, G. Mynthe, E. Werenskiold, K. Kielland, H. Sohlberg, B.Ness, N. Krantz. This made it possible to focus on figurative diversity in the interpretation of the cultural landscape. The research methodology is based on the application of theoretical methods, art analysis, and systematization of works that correspond to this topic. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the actualization of artistic possibilities in capturing changes in the cultural landscape. Conclusions. Paintings are becoming a part of the scientific documentation for the present day. This leads to a new perspective, where painting becomes historical evidence and valuable material for modern architects, restorers, historians, archaeologists. According to the results of the research, it was proved that in the period from the 1820s to the 1920s the most expressive and active development of the cultural landscape theme, was realized by using art as a document. Various clarifications have been developed, such as the mood of romanticism transforms into the style of modernism, and how the compositional constructions of the Middle Age are actualized in the style Art Nouveau. This strengthens the idea of using works of art as a tool for analyzing the evolution of the cultural landscape, due to its potential informative content. One of the main conclusions of the study is based on the idea of relations towards the environment while creating an artistic image of the cultural landscape. In the Norwegian context, the cultural landscape, as a human environment, has been transformed from a panoramic landscape of nature interspersed with human footprints; through the application of man to scale, as a staff, as a romantic hero, a social character. The image of cities has evolved from the documental historical place form to the conflict inside the environment, and like blended color textures. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that art is an active element in fixing the cultural landscape. It is proved that works of art of previous epochs are invaluable material in interdisciplinary research in the reality of contemporary. The comprehensive and systematic experience of Norwegian researchers should be implemented in similar assignments in Ukrainian realities.
The influence of the traditions of eastern art on the painting of Michael Guyda
Authors: Min Dong 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the article. To analyze the work of Ukrainian painter Mykhailo Huida in the context of cultural integrations of China and Ukraine in the last decades of the XX - beginning of the XXI century. as an expression of trends in contemporary art. Methodology. General scientific research methods, chronological and historical-comparative, historical-biographical, figurative-stylistic, semantic, analysis are applied. Theoretical and art terminological structures are used. The scientific novelty lies in elucidating the peculiarities of Mykhailo Huida's work and the formation of the meaningful, compositional, stylistic and aesthetic beginnings of his painting in the context of cultural integrations of China and Ukraine in the last decades of the XX - early XXI centuries. Conclusions. The peculiarities of the creative path of the Ukrainian painter Mykhailo Huida, his unique experience of work in China, which became the basis for the creation of the artist's personal artistic style, are analyzed. The study of works of art by Mikhail Guida revealed the consistent formation of features and peculiarities of his painting over the decades as a result of: a) acquaintance with the art of the East in Japan; b) stay in China, including among Chinese cultural and artistic figures; c) study the history of culture and art of China; d) deep penetration into the world of China through understanding of its nature, customs, traditions due to travel, stay in different provinces of the country, teaching in Chinese universities. The figurative and artistic content of his works reveals an innovative combination of European, including Ukrainian, and Chinese stylistics, artistic means and various linguistic methods of traditional Chinese painting. It is also important for the artist to comprehend the semantic foundations of Chinese traditional and modern art, which turned out to be in agreement with Mikhail Guidi as a person. It was found that the imagery of Mikhail Guida's painting has an internal form that embodies the image in the general structure of the subject-spiritual world. It is concluded that the involvement of the traditions of Chinese and Ukrainian art in a single work involves a philosophical understanding of the artistic heritage of both countries and their transformation into modern forms. The artist's creative path, discovering the techniques of painting in the East, enriched and elevated his work to exceptionally high standards.