bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining augmented reality adoption by consumers with highlights on gender and educational-level differences
Authors: Abed Salma S. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
This study aims to explore the factors that could affect consumers’ adoption of augmented reality (AR) and investigate the interaction between gender and educational level on intention to adopt AR in developing countries as demonstrated here by Saudi Arabia.

Design/methodology/approach
The examined constructs were developed by integrating factors from the unified theory of acceptance and the use of technology (UTAUT2), including performance expectancy, expectancy effort, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation and habit. Price value was eliminated and innovativeness was added to the examined constructs. Data were collected from 673 Saudi consumers through an online survey by implementing a convenience sampling. Furthermore, the effect of gender and education level on behavioral intention to adopt AR by consumers was examined.

Findings
The results of the regression analysis showed that the independent variables statistically significantly predict the consumers’ behavioral intention toward AR adoption with all the examined constructs. The proposed model was able to explain 84% of the variance of behavioral intention. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant interaction between the effects of gender and educational level on intention to adopt AR.

Practical implications
This study will clarify the relatively low diffusion rate of AR adoption in Saudi Arabia, which will help business owners and marketers to develop the right strategies, especially strategies that are associated to marketing and developing mobile applications by incorporating AR technologies, which will attract the attention of many users.

Originality/value
This is one of the few studies that has explored the intention to adopt AR by consumers by examining the UTAUT2 constructs in the Middle Eastern cultural contexts, in contrast to previous studies, specifically Saudi Arabia. This study further investigated the interaction between the effects of gender and educational level on intention to adopt AR.
Epidemiology of hidradenitis suppurativa in Taiwan: A 14‐year nationwide population‐based study
Authors: Liang Yun‐Tzu , Yeh Chih‐Jung , Huang Jing‐Yang , Wei James Cheng‐Chung 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHidradenitis suppurativa (HS), also called acne inversa, is an inflammatory skin disease, which causes HS patients to suffer from recurrent symptoms and severe comorbidities. The aim of this article was to provide evidence on the epidemiology of HS in Taiwan through a retrospective population‐based cohort study. The patients with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 705.83 and Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes for HS treatments from 2000 to 2013 in the National Health Insurance Research Database, which covers 99.9% Taiwanese residents, were enrolled in this 14‐year nationwide population‐based cohort study. The age‐ and sex‐standardized prevalence, incidence, and the prescription pattern for HS were analyzed. The annual percent change (APC) was used to estimate the trend of prevalence and incidence of HS from 2000 to 2013. During 2000–2013 in Taiwan, the 14‐year period prevalence rate was 185.6/100 000 (95% confidence interval [CI], 177.3–194.3) with an APC of –2.96% (95% CI, −1.73 to −4.17) and the mean annual adjusted incidence rate from 2001 to 2013 was 11.8/100 000 (95% CI, 11.2–12.5) with an APC of −4.65% (95% CI, −3.32 to −5.95). Female : male ratio was 0.92 and the most common onset age was 15–24 years. Major treatments were systemic corticosteroids, systemic antihistamines, systemic antibiotics, and topical antibiotics. An increasing tendency of using systemic antibiotics was noted. In Taiwan, decreasing incidence and prevalence of HS was shown during 2000–2013. Relatively lower incidence and prevalence were noted compared to Western countries. Male predominance was revealed, and the use of systemic antibiotics became the mainstream in treatment for HS.
Identification of the Flavobacterium johnsoniae cysteate‐fatty acyl transferase required for capnine synthesis and for efficient gliding motility
Authors: Vences‐Guzmán Miguel Ángel , Peña‐Miller Rafael , Hidalgo‐Aguilar Nancy Adriana , Vences‐Guzmán Maritza Lorena , Guan Ziqiang , Sohlenkamp Christian 
Published: February 2021

SummarySulfonolipids (SLs) are bacterial lipids that are structurally related to sphingolipids. Synthesis of this group of lipids seems to be mainly restricted to Flavobacterium, Cytophaga and other members of the phylum Bacteroidetes. These lipids have a wide range of biological activities: they can induce multicellularity in choanoflagellates, act as von Willebrand factor receptor antagonists, inhibit DNA polymerase, or function as tumour suppressing agents. In Flavobacterium johnsoniae, their presence seems to be required for efficient gliding motility. Until now, no genes/enzymes involved in SL synthesis have been identified, which has been limiting for the study of some of the biological effects these lipids have. Here, we describe the identification of the cysteate‐fatty acyl transferase Fjoh_2419 required for synthesis of the SL precursor capnine in F. johnsoniae. This enzyme belongs to the α‐oxoamine synthase family similar to serine palmitoyl transferases, 2‐amino‐3‐oxobutyrate coenzyme A ligase and 8‐amino‐7‐oxononanoate synthases. Expression of the gene fjoh_2419 in Escherichia coli caused the formation of a capnine‐derived molecule. Flavobacterium johnsoniae mutants deficient in fjoh_2419 lacked SLs and were more sensitive to many antibiotics. Mutant growth was not affected in liquid medium but the cells exhibited defects in gliding motility.
Review article: Have emergency department time‐based targets influenced patient care? A systematic review of qualitative literature
Authors: Walker Katie , Honan Bridget , Haustead Daniel , Mountain David , Gangathimmaiah Vinay , Forero Roberto , Mitchell Rob , Martini Ella , Tesch Greg , Bissett Ian , Jones Peter 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTime‐based targets for ED length of stay were introduced in England in 2000, followed by the rest of the UK, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, and Australia after ED crowding was associated with poor quality of care and increased mortality. This systematic review evaluates qualitative literature to see if ED time‐based targets have influenced patient care quality. We included 13 studies from four countries, incorporating 617 interviews. We conclude that time‐based targets have impacted on the quality of emergency patient care, both positively and negatively. Successful implementation depends on whole hospital resourcing and engagement with targets.
Characterization of starches obtained from several native potato varieties grown in Cusco (Peru)
Authors: Martínez Patricia , Vilcarromero Darcy , Pozo Diego , Peña Fiorela , Manuel Cervantes‐Uc José , Uribe‐Calderon Jorge , Velezmoro Carmen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTen native potato varieties grown in Cusco (at 3,672 m above sea level) were used for starches extraction (at a pilot scale), and their physicochemical, functional, morphological, and structural characteristics were assessed. The content of protein, apparent amylose and phosphorus ranged from 0.1% to 0.44%, 23.42% to 35.5%, and 0.07 to 0.10%, respectively. Starch granules revealed smooth surface, with ellipsoidal and spherical shapes, particle size analysis exhibited bimodal or multimodal distribution, while the averaged crystallinity was 27.7% assessed by XRD. Gelatinization temperatures of the starches ranged from 57.4 to 60.1 °C, 60.8 to 64.3 °C, and 68.4 to 71.1°C for To, Tp, and Tc, respectively; and the gelatinization enthalpies ranged from 15.4 to 17.1 J/g. Respect to pasting properties, the peak viscosity and setback viscosity ranged from 12,970 to 16,970 mPa⋅s and from 968 to 2498 mPa⋅s, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed no significant relationship between apparent amylose content and thermal stability. Therefore, the results reveal subtle differences in the functional characteristics of the starches from the native varieties of potato studied, which can be recommended for food industry applications.Practical ApplicationThis study contributes to show several varieties of native potatoes from Cusco and their valorization as nonconventional starch source. Describing the physicochemical, functional, and structural characteristics of these starches could be useful for food industry applications.
Nicotine e‐cigarette vapor inhalation and self‐administration in a rodent model: Sex‐ and nicotine delivery‐specific effects on metabolism and behavior
Authors: Lallai Valeria , Chen Yen‐Chu , Roybal Mikayla M. , Kotha Eashan R. , Fowler James P. , Staben Andres , Cortez Angelique , Fowler Christie D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractE‐cigarettes, which deliver vaporized nicotine, have dramatically risen in popularity in recent years, despite many unanswered questions about safety, efficacy in reducing dependence, and overall impact on public health. Other factors, such as sex, also play an important role in determining behavioral and neurochemical responses to drugs of abuse. In these studies, we sought to develop a protocol for vaporized e‐cigarette nicotine self‐administration in rats, as a foundation to better understand the differing effects of nicotine exposure routes on behavior and physiological function. We report a novel method that elicits robust nicotine vapor self‐administration in male and female rats. Our findings indicate that 5‐mg/ml nicotine vape solution provides a high level of consistency in lever‐pressing behavior for both males and females. Moreover, in male rats, we find that such e‐cigarette nicotine vapor induces similar blood levels of nicotine's main metabolite, cotinine, as that found with intravenous nicotine self‐administration. Therefore, the breathing pattern during vapor exposure in males leads to similar levels of titrated nicotine intake as with intravenous nicotine self‐administration. Interestingly, a differential effect was found in the females, in which the same conditions of vapor exposure led to decreased cotinine levels with vapor compared to intravenous self‐administration. Finally, differences in nicotine‐mediated locomotion provide further support of the physiological effects of e‐cigarette vapor inhalation. Taken together, our findings reveal important sex differences in nicotine intake based on the route of exposure, and we further establish a protocol for nicotine vapor self‐administration in rats.
Prevalence and performance effects of neonatal disease in Thoroughbred and Standardbred foals in South‐Eastern Australia
Authors: Raidal SL , Hughes KJ , Eastwell B , Noble N , Lievaart J 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThere is little information on foal mortality and the epidemiology of diseases in the neonatal period in Australian equine breeding enterprises.MethodologyThis was a prospective cohort study of 1219 foals on 15 breeding farms in south‐eastern Australia to identify the proportion of foals recognised on farm as abnormal at birth or within the first 48 h postpartum, determine the prevalence and risk factors for neonatal disease and assess the subsequent performance of foals in the study population.ResultsOverall, 27 foals died within 6 weeks of birth in the study population (2.2%), 142 foals (11.6%) were reported as abnormal at birth, and 304 (25.3%) were regarded as abnormal in the first 48 h postpartum. Non‐septic orthopaedic disease (NSOD) was the most common abnormality recognised. Premature foals and foals born after dystocia or abnormal parturition were more likely to have clinical abnormalities recognised, but the intensity of nursing care did not predict outcome. Prophylactic administration of antimicrobial drugs was associated with increased mortality and septic disease. Maternal periparturient problems, foal gender, abnormality at birth and the presence of septic disease or neonatal maladjustment were associated with decreased performance outcomes, whereas measures to assess and augment passive immune transfer were associated with improved athletic performance.Conclusions and relevanceInformation in the current study is important for the treatment and management decisions on farm and to identify industry welfare and production priorities. Although the incidence of all outcome variables was variable, factors recognised on farm in the peri‐parturient period were predictive of subsequent athletic performance.
Perceived social support, loneliness, and hope during the COVID‐19 Pandemic: Testing a mediating model in the UK, USA, and Israel
Authors: Bareket‐Bojmel Liad , Shahar Golan , Abu‐Kaf Sarah , Margalit Malka 
Published: February 2021

ObjectivesThe COVID‐19 epidemic is affecting the entire world and hence provides an opportunity examine how people from different countries engage in hopeful thinking. The aim of this study was to examine the potentially facilitating role of perceived social support vis‐à‐vis hope as well as the mediating role of loneliness between perceived social support and hope. This mediating model was tested concurrently in the UK, the USA, and Israel.MethodsIn April 2020, as the first wave of the virus struck the three aforementioned countries, we assessed perceived social support, loneliness, and hope in 400 adults per country (N = 1,200). Assessments in the UK/USA were conducted via the Prolific platform, whereas in Israel they were conducted via Facebook/WhatsApp.ResultsIn all three countries, perceived social support predicted elevated hope, although the effect was smallest in the UK. Loneliness mediated this effect in all three countries, although full mediation was attained only in the UK.ConclusionsPerceived social support may facilitate hope in dire times, possibly through the reduction of loneliness.Practitioner Points

Findings are consistent with respect to the potentially protective role of perceived social support vis‐à‐vis hope.

Perceived social support may increase hope through decreasing loneliness.

In the UK, the above‐noted mediating effect of loneliness appears to be stronger than in Israel and the USA.

Elevated levels of perceived social support should serve as a desired outcome in individual and group psychotherapy, as well as in community based interventions.
Accumulation of cellular prion protein within β‐amyloid oligomer plaques in aged human brains
Authors: Takahashi Reisuke H. , Yokotsuka Mayumi , Tobiume Minoru , Sato Yuko , Hasegawa Hideki , Nagao Toshitaka , Gouras Gunnar K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia, and β‐amyloid (Aβ) is a central factor in the initiation and progression of the disease. Different forms of Aβ have been identified as monomers, oligomers, and amyloid fibrils. Many proteins have been implicated as putative receptors of respective forms of Aβ. Distinct forms of Aβ oligomers are considered to be neurotoxic species that trigger the pathophysiology of AD. It was reported that cellular prion protein (PrPC) is one of the most selective and high‐affinity binding partners of Aβ oligomers. The interaction of Aβ oligomers with PrPC is important to synaptic dysfunction and loss. The binding of Aβ oligomers to PrPC has mostly been studied with synthetic peptides, cell culture, and murine models of AD by biochemical and biological methods. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between Aβ oligomers and PrPC remain unclear, especially in the human brain. We immunohistochemically investigated the relationship between Aβ oligomers and PrPC in human brain tissue with and without amyloid pathology. We histologically demonstrate that PrPC accumulates with aging in human brain tissue even prior to AD mainly within diffuse‐type amyloid plaques, which are composed of more soluble Aβ oligomers without stacked β‐sheet fibril structures. Our results suggest that PrPC accumulating plaques are associated with more soluble Aβ oligomers, and appear even prior to AD. The investigation of PrPC accumulating plaques may provide new insights into AD.
Anti‐arrhythmic investigations in large animal models of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Saljic Arnela , Jespersen Thomas , Buhl Rikke 
Published: February 2021

Atrial fibrillation (AF) constitutes an increasing health problem in the aging population. Animal models reflecting human phenotypes are needed to understand the mechanisms of AF, as well as to test new pharmacological interventions. In recent years, a number of large animal models, primarily pigs, goats, dog and horses have been used in AF research. These animals can to a certain extent recapitulate the human pathophysiological characteristics and serve as valuable tools in investigating new pharmacological interventions for treating AF. This review focuses on anti‐arrhythmic investigations in large animals. Initially, spontaneous AF in small and large mammals is discussed. This is followed by a short presentation of frequently used methods for inducing short‐ and long‐term AF. The major focus of the review is on anti‐arrhythmic compounds either frequently used in the human clinic (ranolazine, flecainide, vernakalant and amiodarone) or being promising new AF medicine candidates (IK,Ach, ISK,Ca and IK2P blockers).LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on Preclinical Models for Cardiovascular disease research (BJP 75th Anniversary). To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.5/issuetoc
Fiscal integration with internal trade: Quantifying the effects of federal transfers in Canada
Authors: Tombe Trevor , Winter Jennifer 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFiscal transfers between regions exist within many countries. Explicit transfers, such as Canada's equalization program, redistribute funds directly. Countless federal revenue and spending programs do so indirectly. Like capital flows between countries, such transfers interact with trade and affect the distribution of economic activity within and between subnational jurisdictions. Previous research has largely abstracted from trade considerations; we fill this gap. With the aid of a rich quantitative model and detailed data on within‐country trade and financial flows, we uncover important effects of fiscal transfers on provincial income, migration and national GDP in Canada. The effects are large. Transfers lower Alberta's real income by over 8% and its population by over 12% and increase Prince Edward Island's real income by 30% and its population by 50%. As employment shifts to lower productivity regions, we find transfers shrink Canada's real GDP by 0.8% and income‐sensitive transfers do so by as much as 1.2%—equal to $19 to $28 billion today. Finally, fiscal transfers affect the size and distribution of gains from internal trade liberalization and spread gains across all regions, even if policy (like the New West Partnership) liberalizes trade among only some.
Retracted: Arecoline induces epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation and promotes metastasis of oral cancer by SAA1 expression
Authors: Ren Hui , He Guoqin , Lu Zhiyuan , He Qianting , Li Shuai , Huang Zhexun , Chen Zheng , Cao Congyuan , Wang Anxun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractArecoline, the main alkaloid of areca nut, is well known for its role in inducing submucosal fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), however the mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to establish an arecoline‐induced epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation (EMT) model of OSCC cells and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. CAL33 and UM2 cells were induced with arecoline to establish an EMT cell model and perform RNA‐sequence screening. Luminex multiplex cytokine assays, western blot, and RT‐qPCR were used to investigate the EMT mechanism. Arecoline at a concentration of 160 μg/ml was used to induce EMT in OSCC cells, which was confirmed using morphological analysis, transwell assays, and EMT marker detection. RNA‐sequence screening and Luminex multiplex cytokine assays showed that many inflammatory cytokines (such as serum amyloid A1 [SAA1], interleukin [IL]‐6, IL‐36G, chemokine [CCL]2, and CCL20) were significantly altered during arecoline‐induced EMT. Of these cytokines, SAA1 was the most highly upregulated. SAA1 overexpression induced EMT and promoted the migration and invasion of CAL33 cells, while SAA1 knockdown attenuated arecoline‐induced EMT. Moreover, arecoline enhanced cervical lymph node metastasis in an orthotopic xenograft model of the tongue established using BALB/c nude mice. Our findings revealed that arecoline induced EMT and enhanced the metastatic capability of OSCC by the regulation of inflammatory cytokine secretion, especially that of SAA1. Our study provides a basis for understanding the mechanism of OSCC metastasis and suggests possible therapeutic targets to prevent the occurrence and development of OSCC associated with areca nut chewing.
Children expressing their views in child protection casework: Current research and their rights going forward
Authors: Falch‐Eriksen Asgeir , Toros Karmen , Sindi Ingrid , Lehtme Rafaela 
Published: February 2021

AbstractArticle 12 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) provides children with the right to express their views in matters that affect them, particularly those of an administrative and judicial nature. This paper examines the academic discourse in child protection research concerning how Article 12 of the CRC is implemented and how it is manifested in child protection service (CPS) casework practices. The systematic review was performed following the principles of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement and included 16 peer‐reviewed articles published in English in academic journals from multiple scientific databases from January 2009 to January 2019 reporting primary research with children about their experiences of participation in CPS. Despite the widespread ratification of the CRC several decades ago, the studies in the current review establish a clear and predictable pattern of an inability of children to express themselves throughout CPS proceedings. Findings consistently indicate that children in different countries felt they were not being asked, listened to or heard, in some cases even regarding harmful and unsafe situations. We argue the academic discourse must move beyond these findings and discuss how research can contribute to dealing with these obstacles and improving practices by focussing on Article 12 in particular and human rights in general throughout CPS practices.
Achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals‐2030 through the nutraceutical industry: A review of managerial research and the role of operations management
Authors: Chaurasia Shailly , Pati Rupesh Kumar , Padhi Sidhartha S. , Jensen Jennifer M. K. , Gavirneni Nagesh 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article focuses on the current state of management literature about the emerging nutraceutical industry, examining its strengths and weaknesses and future research opportunities within the context of global goals to end hunger, such as United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. In this paper, we review one decade of nutraceutical management literature in the context of international antihunger agreements, detailing trends in the literature related to geographic and temporal diffusion, journals publishing in these topics, research methodologies applied, theoretical approaches discussed, and managerial research themes addressed (including sustainability issues). Nutraceuticals have been proposed by international public–private partnerships and food industry actors as having the potential to address malnutrition and undernourishment. The review reflects that research on nutraceutical business practices is still in its early stages. The study indicates that future research and policy‐related studies should focus on resolving the operational challenges that underdeveloped and developing economies face in improving accessibility and affordability.