bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low serum 3‐methyl histidine level is associated with aortic stiffness in maintenance hemodialysis patients
Authors: Chang Yu‐Chi , Wang Chih‐Hsien , Lai Yu‐Hsien , Lin Yu‐Li , Kuo Chiu‐Huang , Hsu Bang‐Gee , Tsai Jen‐Pi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract3‐Methylhistidine (3MH) is an indicator of muscle catabolism. Subclinical protein malnutrition is an independent predictor of aortic stiffness (AS). We aimed to study the relationship between serum 3MH level and AS among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity was applied to measure AS of 110 MHD patients. Serum 3MH levels were analyzed using high‐performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. AS was defined as cfPWV >10 m/s. Forty‐five (40.9%) patients were categorized as having AS. Multivariable logistic (odds ratio: 0.792, p < 0.001) and linear (β = −0.322, p < 0.001) regression analysis revealed that serum 3MH is an independent factor associated with AS among MHD patients. The diagnostic power of 3MH for AS in patients undergoing MHD was 0.691 (95% CI: 0.595–0.775, p = 0.0002). Low serum 3MH levels could be a potential biomarker related to AS among MHD patients.
A Revolution in Catholic Thought on Poverty: Engaging the Poor Means Engaging in History
Authors: Kelly Thomas M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPerhaps nowhere else has the Vatican II document Gaudium et Spes been appropriated more radically and completely than by the Catholic Church of Latin America. The gathering of bishops at Medellín, Colombia in 1968 and the documents produced there represent a significant appropriation of the new possibilities opened up by Gaudium et Spes. The new emphasis on “justice” allowed the church to leave older “charity” approaches aside and the “dynamism” embodied by social doctrinal change would allow this episcopal body to affirm a preferential option for the poor that was both multifaceted and revolutionary. A careful consideration of documents from the Medellín Conference reveals the strong influence of Gaudium et Spes, especially in how the Latin American Church moved beyond the traditional societas perfectas model of church/state relations indicative of past centuries with its new commitment to transforming the world. This article highlights certain texts of Gaudium et Spes and their influence upon the Medellín documents.
Puerarin attenuates preeclampsia‐induced trophoblast mobility loss and inflammation by modulating miR‐181b‐5p/RBAK axis
Authors: Guo Jinjuan , Bian Weiqiao , Jiang Huadong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractProblemPreeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy complication characterized by inflammation and impaired trophoblast motility. Puerarin (Pue) is a functional compound with anti‐PE potential. The current study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of Pue on PE as well as the associated mechanism by focusing on the interaction between Pue and microRNAs (miRs).Methods of studyHuman villous trophoblast HTR‐8/SVneo cells were treated with TNF‐α and Pue, and a change in miR expression profile was determined. The anti‐PE effects of Pue were validated in rat models by measuring blood pressure, 24‐h proteinuria, and cytokine levels. The mechanism was explored by focusing on miR‐181b‐5p/RBAK axis.ResultsThe induction of PE increased blood pressure and 24‐h proteinuria, and induced TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 levels, which was reversed by Pue. In in vitro assays, TNF‐α suppressed viability, induced apoptosis and inflammatory response, and inhibited migration in trophoblasts, which was attenuated by Pue. At molecular level, the expression level of miR‐181b‐5p was both induced in vivo and in vitro with the development of PE symptoms, contributing to the inhibited expression of RBAK. The induced expression of miR‐181b‐5p under Pue treatment showed that the reinduction of miR‐181b‐5p counteracted the effects of Pue, indicating the key role of the miR in the protective effects of Pue against PE.ConclusionsThe current study verified the anti‐PE function of Pue: the compound suppressed inflammatory response associated with PE, and improved trophoblast motility. The effects depended on the inhibition of miR‐181b‐5p that inhibited the expression of RBAK.
Rural suicide risk and physical ill health: A qualitative study of the Victorian Suicide Register, 2009‐2015
Authors: Kennedy Alison J. , Adams Jessie , Dwyer Jeremy , Brumby Susan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo gain new insight into contextual factors shaping how physical ill health acts as a stressor in rural suicides—informing the development of appropriate targeted interventions.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingNon‐metropolitan Victoria, Australia.Sample802 rural (non‐metropolitan) suicide deaths between the years 2009 and 2015.Main outcome measureQualitative data from the Victorian Suicide Register relating to physical ill health of suicide decedents.ResultsThematic analysis identified 4 themes: (a) ‘living with physical ill health in a rural area’ highlights both practical and cultural challenges associated with managing physical ill health within the context of life in a rural setting; (b) ‘causes and experience of chronic pain’ highlights rural risk factors for chronic pain, how pain was experienced and treatment managed; (c) ‘when living an independent, contributing life is no longer possible’ describes the debilitating physical and mental outcomes of chronic ill health and pain; and (d) ‘the cumulative impact of physical ill health and other factors on suicide risk’ highlights the complexity of risk factors—in combination with (or as a result of) physical ill health—that contribute to a suicide death.ConclusionIdentified themes suggest pathways to improve understanding and support for those experiencing physical ill health and associated suicide risk. These supports include contextually and culturally appropriate rural services to provide effective and necessary treatment, pain relief and mental health support; acknowledgement and response to a culture of alcohol misuse as an (ultimately ineffective) coping strategy; proactive psychosocial support mechanisms; and alternative approaches to support including consideration of innovative peer support models.
Use of a standardized reporting template: can we improve report quality in pancreatic and peri‐ampullary malignancy?
Authors: Hodnett Robert , MacCormick Andrew , Ibrahim Rashid , Miles Gemma , Puckett Mark , Aroori Somaiah 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundAccurate pancreatic and periampullary cancer staging with resectability assessment is vital to optimize surgical management and improve patient outcomes. The aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of a standardized reporting template.MethodsRetrospective review of all surgically managed patients with pancreatic or periampullary malignancy between January 2018 and June 2019. Pre‐operative CT imaging report was anonymised and audited against a modified NCCN reporting template. The same imaging studies were re‐reported by two experienced GI radiologists using the same template.ResultsFifty‐nine patients (37 male) with median age of 68 years (36–83) underwent surgery for suspected pancreatic/peri‐ampullary malignancy. The median time between pre‐operative CT scan and surgery was 56.5 days (14–225). The use of reporting template resulted in significant increase in number of reported key features (p < 0.005), interobserver agreed features (p < 0.005) and overall k‐value assessed interobserver agreement (p < 0.005). Template reports correlated closely with key intraoperative findings whilst primary free text reports did not (k‐value 0.85–0.96 versus 0.20–0.46, p < 0.05).ConclusionThe use of a reporting template resulted in a more complete and accurate pancreatic/peri‐ampullary tumour evaluation, improved inter‐observer relatability and correlation with intraoperative findings.
Risk prediction with imperfect survival outcome information from electronic health records
Authors: Hou Jue , Chan Stephanie F. , Wang Xuan , Cai Tianxi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractReadily available proxies for the time of disease onset such as the time of the first diagnostic code can lead to substantial risk prediction error if performing analyses based on poor proxies. Due to the lack of detailed documentation and labor intensiveness of manual annotation, it is often only feasible to ascertain for a small subset the current status of the disease by a follow‐up time rather than the exact time. In this paper, we aim to develop risk prediction models for the onset time efficiently leveraging both a small number of labels on the current status and a large number of unlabeled observations on imperfect proxies. Under a semiparametric transformation model for onset and a highly flexible measurement error model for proxy onset time, we propose the semisupervised risk prediction method by combining information from proxies and limited labels efficiently. From an initially estimator solely based on the labeled subset, we perform a one‐step correction with the full data augmenting against a mean zero rank correlation score derived from the proxies. We establish the consistency and asymptotic normality of the proposed semisupervised estimator and provide a resampling procedure for interval estimation. Simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed estimator performs well in a finite sample. We illustrate the proposed estimator by developing a genetic risk prediction model for obesity using data from Mass General Brigham Healthcare Biobank.
The perceptions of early childhood children and parents towards children's participation rights: ‘Yes, I and I Disagree!’
Authors: Aydilek Çiftçi Münire , Yücesan Yasemin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this study, the primary purpose is to analyse early childhood children's and their parents’ perceptions towards ‘children's participation rights. Accordingly, this study applies a phenomenology model pattern which is one of the qualitative research approaches. Fifteen children between 48 and 72 months and one of the parents (mother or father) participated in this study. The semi‐structured interview technique was selected to collect data. Content analysis was applied to analyse the data, and specific codes and themes were created. The findings obtained from data analysis were discussed with the participation ladder proposed by Roger Hart.
An easy and rapid staining method for confocal microscopic observation and reconstruction of three‐dimensional images of echinoderm larvae and juveniles
Authors: Tokanai Kohei , Kamei Yasuhiro , Minokawa Takuya 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe morphologies of the internal organs of echinoderm larvae and juveniles are difficult to study using conventional optical microscopes because of their structural complexity and opaqueness. This paper describes an easy and rapid protocol involving Nile blue staining followed by benzyl alcohol/benzyl benzoate (BABB) clearing to overcome this limitation. This method was developed for a three‐dimensional (3D) analysis of the internal structures of advanced larvae and juveniles of echinoderms (the sea lily Metacrinus rotundus, the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus, and the sand dollar Scaphechinus mirabilis) and is suitable for obtaining serial optical images by confocal microscopy without the use of specific antibodies or special reagents for labeling. Nile blue is an easy‐to‐use stain that offers several advantages for confocal microscopy such as it can stain various tissues with strong fluorescent signals without substantial bleaching during observation. We found that the strong fluorescence signal of Nile blue quickly yielded clear high‐resolution optical section images for 3D reconstruction. BABB clearing rendered opaque larvae highly transparent. The clearing procedure was also easy and quick. During the process, agarose embedding prior to staining and clearing was found to be critical for handling the samples of less than 500‐μm length and stabilizing their orientations. To conclude, the protocol described is useful for performing a rapid and accurate 3D morphological analysis of echinoderm larvae and juveniles.
Environmental constraints, biological growth and fleet dynamics of a developing fishery: A model study of the Barents Sea snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio, Majidae) fishery
Authors: Hogrenning Egil , Eide Arne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio, Majidae) has recently entered the Barents Sea, and a crab fishery is developing. Information on how the crab appeared and where it is moving is limited. We study how the characteristics of the fleet may affect the further development of the fishery. A spatial model is constructed as a grid of cells given a carrying capacity for crab determined by environmental data, assumed to reflect crabs' preferences. The biological dynamics are modelled using cellular automata, describing the growth and movements of the crabs. The fleet dynamics is represented by scenarios of fleet behaviour and aptitude, using standard theories of harvest production and economics. Pattern‐oriented modelling is used to calibrate the model. The fishery started in the Loophole, but is anticipated to expand as the crabs populate adjacent areas. We use simulations to explore a potential geographical expansion of the fishery. The fleet is assumed to continually expand the current fishing area by initiating fishing in adjacent areas, relying only on their own judgement to locate promising fishing grounds. We find an inability to successfully quantify the amount of crabs in the areas subject to exploration and the willingness to take risks to be two forces contributing to a long‐term utilization of the stock. Both forces appear to make the fishers explore non‐lucrative grounds, potentially leading them to lucrative grounds. However, information from other sources indicating the presence of crabs at various locations appears to be necessary to ensure a more complete exploration of the fishery.
Comparative soft‐tissue preservation in Holocene‐age capelin concretions
Authors: Mojarro Angel , Cui Xingqian , Zhang Xiaowen , Jost Adam B. , Bergmann Kristin D. , Vinther Jakob , Summons Roger E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDetermining how soft tissues are preserved and persist through geologic time are continuing challenge because decay begins immediately after senescence while diagenetic transformations generally progress over days to millions of years. However, in recent years, carbonate concretions containing partially‐to‐fully decayed macroorganisms have proven to be remarkable windows into the diagenetic continuum revealing insights into the fossilization process. This is because most concretions are the result of biologically induced mineral precipitation caused by the localized decay of organic matter, which oftentimes preserves a greater biological signal relative to their host sediment. Here we present a comparative lipid biomarker study investigating processes associated with soft‐tissue preservation within Holocene‐age carbonate concretions that have encapsulated modern capelin (Mallotus villosus). We focus on samples collected from two depositional settings that have produced highly contrasting preservation end‐members: (1) Kangerlussuaq, Greenland: a marine environment, which, due to isostatic rebound, has exposed strata containing concretions exhibiting exceptional soft‐tissue preservation (6–7 kya), and (2) Greens Creek, Ottawa, Canada: a paleo brackish‐to‐freshwater marine excursion containing concretions exhibiting skeletal remains (~11 kya). Lipid biomarker analysis reveals endogenous capelin tissues and productive waters at Kangerlussuaq that are in sharp contrast to Greens Creek concretions, which lack appreciable capelin and environmental signals. Comparable distributions of bacterial fatty acids and statistical analyses suggest soft‐tissue preservation within concretions is agnostic to specific heterotrophic decay communities. We, therefore, interpret preservation within carbonate concretions may represent a race between microbially induced authigenic precipitation and decay. Namely, factors resulting in exceptional preservation within concretions likely include: (1) organic matter input, (2) rate of decay, (3) carbonate saturation, (4) porewater velocity, and (5) rate of authigenic (carbonate) precipitation resulting in arrested decay/bacterial respiration due to cementing pore spaces limiting the diffusion of electron acceptors into the decay foci.
Reticulocalbin 1 is required for proliferation and migration of non‐small cell lung cancer cells regulated by osteoblast‐conditioned medium
Authors: Fu Haijing , Chen Rui , Wang Yue , Xu Yang , Xia Chun , Zhang Bing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractReticulocalbin1 (RCN1) is implicated in tumorigenesis and tumour progression. However, whether RCN1‐mediated bone metastasis of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells was elusive. Here, we assessed the effect of osteoblast‐conditioned medium (CM) on proliferation and migration of NSCLC cell line, NCI‐H1299 and NCI‐H460 cells, and identified the soluble mediators in CMs from osteoblasts and NSCLC cells using MTT, Clonogenicity, Transwell, wound healing, RT‐PCR, and Western blotting assays, and LC‐MS/MS analysis, respectively. Furthermore, the role of RCN1 was investigated in NSCLC cells cultured with or without osteoblast‐CM. Tumour growth and bone resorption were measured in a nude mouse model bearing NCI‐H1299 cells transduced with shRNA/RCN1 vector using in vivo imaging technique and micro‐CT. The results showed that RCN1 with a higher abundance in osteoblast‐CM, which was present in extracellular vesicles (EVs), enhanced RCN1 expression in NSCLC cells. Osteoblast‐CM partially offset the inhibitory effect of RCN1 depletion on proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells. RCN1 depletion‐induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused by increasing GRP78, CHOP, IRE1α, p‐IRE1α, p‐PERK and p‐JNK, which was positively regulated by self‐induced autophagy, contributed to suppression of proliferation and migration in NCI‐H1299 cells. Therefore, osteoblasts produced RCN1 to transfer into NSCLC cells partially through EVs, facilitating proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells via blocking ER stress. RCN1 could be required for proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells regulated by osteoblast‐CM.
Long‐term follow‐up of hand eczema in hairdressers: a prospective cohort study of Danish hairdressers graduating from 1985 to 2007
Authors: Havmose M. , Thyssen J.P. , Zachariae C. , Johansen J.D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundOccupational hand eczema is common among hairdressers and implementing effective preventive measures requires a good understanding of the disease’s epidemiology.ObjectiveTo investigate the long‐term development of hand eczema (HE) in hairdressers.MethodsA prospective cohort study of all hairdressers graduating from Danish hairdressing vocational schools from 1985 to 2007 was conducted. A self‐administered questionnaire was sent in 2009 with follow‐up in 2020. Data from the Danish labour market supplementary pension scheme provided information on yearly affiliation with the hairdressing trade.ResultsThe cumulative lifetime prevalence of HE increased from 42.3% at baseline to 45.2% at follow‐up (odds ratio [OR], 1.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0‐1.2). The incidence rate decreased from 42.8 cases/1000 person‐years (95% CI, 40.8–44.8) at baseline to 3.4 cases/1000 person‐years (95% CI, 2.5–4.6) within the follow‐up period. HE onset occurred within 8 years of beginning an apprenticeship for >90% of cases and occurred within the apprenticeship period for 68% of cases. The risk factors associated with having had HE at baseline were a previous positive patch test (adjusted OR [aOR], 5.3; 95% CI, 4.2–6.6), a history of atopic dermatitis (aOR, 3.4; 95% CI, 2.9–4.0) and female sex (aOR, 1.8; 95% CI 1.4–2.3). The most important risk factors at follow‐up were previous HE (aOR, 10.1; 95% CI, 7.3–13.8) and a positive patch test within the follow‐up period (aOR, 4.5; 95% CI, 3.0–6.8). Among the hairdressers who had HE at baseline, 65.5% exhibited remission, whereas 34.6% had persistent and often severe HE at follow‐up. Hairdressers with persistent HE were the subgroup of the study population most frequently affected by the risk factors identified for HE.ConclusionsPrimary prevention of HE should focus on hairdressing apprentices and fully trained hairdressers who have recently graduated. Approximately one‐third of trained hairdressers develop persistent and often severe HE, emphasizing the need for early intervention.
Relationship between visual and neurodevelopmental measures at 2 years with visual acuity and stereopsis at 4.5 years in children born at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia
Authors: Paudel Nabin , Thompson Benjamin , Chakraborty Arijit , Harding Jane , Jacobs Robert J , Wouldes Trecia A , Yu Sandy TY , Anstice Nicola S ,   the CHYLD Study Team
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeMild to moderate vision loss affects many children and can negatively impact a child's early literacy and academic achievement. Nevertheless, there is no consensus on which factors present in early childhood indicate the need for long‐term ophthalmic follow up, particularly in children with a history of perinatal adversity. This study identified the relationship between visual, cognitive, motor and demographic factors at 2 years of age and visual acuity (VA) and stereoacuity at 4.5 years of age.MethodsFive hundred sixteen children identified as being at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia were recruited soon after birth. At 2 years of age, binocular VA, stereoacuity and non‐cycloplegic refraction were measured and a clinical neuro‐developmental assessment with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development III (BSID‐III) was conducted by a trained examiner. Monocular VA and stereoacuity were measured at 4.5 years of age.ResultsThree hundred twenty‐eight children completed both the 2 and 4.5 year vision and neurodevelopmental assessments. Multiple linear regression showed oblique astigmatism and motor function at 2 years were significantly associated with VA at 4.5 years of age, while spherical equivalent refraction, motor scores and stereoacuity at 2 years were significantly associated with stereoacuity at 4.5 years of age. BSID‐III motor scores had the best sensitivity (81.8%) and specificity (51.5%) for identifying impaired stereoacuity at 4.5 years. However, all measures at 2 years were poorly associated with VA at 4.5 years old.ConclusionVision and neurodevelopmental measures at 2 years were poorly associated with visual function at 4.5 years of age. However, lower scores on tests of motor function at 2 years may be associated with vision abnormalities, particularly reduced stereopsis, at 4.5 years of age and referral for comprehensive vision assessment for these children may be warranted.
Peptide‐coating 2D and small chemical molecules prolong the passage of porcine spermatogonia stem cells
Authors: Zhang Ying , de Lima Camila Bruna , Zhou Zhe , Shen Qiaoyan , Zhu Zhenshuo , Hua Jinlian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPorcine spermatogonia stem cells (pSSCs) are the only type of somatic stem cell that can pass genetic information to the successive generations. Little is known about pSSCs vitality in vitro, and due to their increasing importance in stem cell research, here, we optimized a protocol to culture pSSCs and explored their potential fate in vitro. Utilizing a feeder‐free culture system with a 2D peptide‐coating and small chemical molecules (including CHIR99021, Repsox, vitamin C, folic acid, and CD lipid concentrate), we were able to prolong the culture time of pSSCs by at least three months compared with previous methods. Moreover, we found that pSSCs could proliferate and self‐renew in the seminiferous tubules of infertile mice. However, they could not perform meiosis. Our study shows that this feeder‐free culture system optimizes cell culture and may facilitate advanced research on SSC biology and genetic manipulation of germ cells.