bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of HLA-G polymorphism with oral and genital HPV infection in men
Authors: Suominen Nelli T. , Jaakola Anna J. , Roger Michel , Faucher Marie-Claude , Syrjänen Kari J. , Grénman Seija E. , Syrjänen Stina M. , Louvanto Karolina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe host genetic factors that influence the natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in men are not well known. Our aim was to evaluate the role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G polymorphism in oral and genital HPV infection in men. Altogether, 130 men from the Finnish Family HPV Study, with a 6-year follow-up, were included in the analyses. HLA-G alleles were tested by direct sequencing. Oral, urethral, and semen samples were collected and analyzed for 24 different HPV genotypes. Unconditional logistic regression was used to determine associations between HLA-G alleles and genotypes with HPV infection and its outcomes. Overall, eight different HLA-G alleles were identified with 15 different HLA-G genotype combinations. The most common HLA-G allele among the men was G*01:01:01 (86.2%, n = 112) followed by G*01:01:02 (36.2%, n = 47). Allele G*01:01:02 showed to be protective against any- and high-risk (HR) oral HPV (OR range of 0.20–0.24, 95% CI range of 0.06–0.85). Men having allele G*01:01:01 showed a reduced risk for incident (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.11–0.84) and persistent (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.08–0.69) oral infections. Allele G*01:01:03 was associated with increased risk for urethral HR-HPV infections (OR 4.94, 95% CI 1.34–18.27). Among self-reported demographic data, genotype G*01:01:01/01:01:03 was associated with an increased risk for oral warts (OR 8.00, 95% CI 1.23–51.89) and allele G*01:03:01 increased the risk of pollen and/or animal allergy (OR 13.59, 95% CI 1.57–117.25). To conclude, HLA-G polymorphism in men largely impacts the outcome of an oral HPV infection and seems to associate with self-reported allergies.
The Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Different Anticoagulation Strategies for Treatment of Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus in the Setting of Chronic Anticoagulation for Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter
Authors: Kołakowski Karol , Farkowski Michał M. , Pytkowski Mariusz , Gardziejczyk Piotr , Kowalik Ilona , Dąbrowski Rafał , Firek Bohdan , Jaworski Krzysztof , Klisiewicz Anna , Maciąg Aleksander 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To compare effectiveness of different treatments for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients who were scheduled for cardioversion (CV) or ablation (CA) presenting with left atrium appendage (LAA) thrombus despite chronic oral anticoagulation therapy (OAC).

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study. We analyzed 2014–2019 medical records of patients scheduled for CV or CA of AF who were diagnosed with LAA thrombus despite optimal OAC and had a follow-up transesophageal echocardiogram (TOE). Changes in treatment were divided into the following groups: switch to a drug with different mechanism of action, switch to a drug with similar mechanism of action, initiation of combination therapy, or deliberate no change in treatment. Patients with contraindications to non-vitamin K antagonists were excluded from the analysis.

Results
We analyzed data of 129 patients comprising 181 cycles of treatment. The overall effectiveness of LAA thrombus dissolution was 51.9% regardless of the number of cycles and 42.6% for the first cycle of treatment. Any change of treatment was more effective than deliberate no change—OR 2.97 [95% CI: 1.07–8.25], P = 0.031, but no particular strategy seemed to be more effective than the other. Left atrium area (OR 0.908 [95% CI: 0.842–0.979]) and number of treatment cycles (OR 0.457 [95% CI: 0.239–0.872]) were both adversely related to thrombus resolution. There was one ischemic and three bleeding adverse events during the treatment.

Conclusion
LAA thrombus resolution in patients already on OAC may require a change of previous OAC treatment but the overall effectiveness of dissolution seems to be about 50%.
The ThermiVa In Genital Hiatus Treatment (TIGHT) Study
Authors: Pather Kaveshan , Dilgir Sapna , Rane Ajay 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Vaginal laxity or the sensation of vaginal looseness affects anywhere from 24% to 50% of postpartum women.

Aim
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the ThermiVa (ThermiAesthetics, TX, USA) monopolar radiofrequency device in the treatment of vulvovaginal laxity and sexual dysfunction

Methods
The TIGHT study was a prospective single blinded randomized sham-control trial conducted over 3 sites in Australia and India. The study included parous woman over the age of 18 who complained of vaginal laxity/looseness. Participants were randomized into a treatment group and a sham group. Patients in the treatment group were treated with an active probe, whereas, women in the placebo group were treated with sham probes that only reached subtherapeutic temperatures.

Main Outcome Measures
Subjective success was determined by improvement in the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Vaginal Laxity Questionnaire (VLQ), Vaginal Flatus Score (VFS), and the Vaginal laxity Bother Score (VLBS). Objective success was measured via the Modified Oxford Score (MOS) and Genital Hiatus (GH) length.

Results
Sixty-three participants were recruited (sham n = 29, treatment n = 34). In the treatment group, FSFI scores improved at 3 months (mean difference 8-points, P value .02), and at 6 months (mean difference 5-points, P value .07). At baseline 89.7% and 87.2% of patients in the sham and treatment groups, respectively, classified themselves as “loose” on the VLQ. At 6 months 73.1% of patients in the sham group still identified as “loose” compared to 32.4% of patients in the active group (P value .01). Subjective success was also noted in the VLBS (P value .02). Results pertaining to VLFS, MOS, and GH did not reveal statistically significant results.

Conclusion
Treatment with ThermiVa was associated with a modest subjective improvement in vaginal laxity and sexual dysfunction and proved to be safe over the 6-month trial period.
Incidence of healthcare-associated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the state of Geneva
Authors: Mongin Denis , Catho Gaud , Iten Anne , Harbarth Stephan , Courvoisier Delphine S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAn examination of all coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and patient movements in Geneva indicated important disease activity within the healthcare system since the beginning of the pandemic. We estimate that 4.3% of all COVID-19 cases were likely acquired within the healthcare system, contributing to 62% of the COVID-19–related deaths.
Electrochemotherapy for the palliative management of non-skin-origin head and neck cancer: case series and UK national survey
Authors: McCaffer C , Wong B Y W , Murugan C S , Muir T , Lester S 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesElectrochemotherapy uses electric fields to facilitate the influx of chemotherapy into cancer cells, producing a targeted effect. For head and neck cancer, it is mainly used for palliation of non-skin-origin metastases. It is used infrequently in the UK. This paper presents our experience and a UK survey to identify its frequency of use.MethodsBetween 2016 and 2019, a prospective database was created and reviewed. Only patients with non-skin-origin metastatic head and neck cancer, with no other palliative options, were included. Survival length, complications and symptomatic benefit were assessed. The survey was conducted via e-mail.ResultsFive patients were included: three with squamous cell carcinoma, one with esthesioneuroblastoma and one with hepatocellular carcinoma. Survival ranged from 1 month to over 20 months. Minor complications were seen. Only 15 out of 69 UK head and neck multidisciplinary teams offer electrochemotherapy.ConclusionElectrochemotherapy is a well-tolerated adjunct to standard palliation of metastatic head and neck cancer, and is offered by a limited number of UK multidisciplinary teams.
Brain food: rethinking food-borne toxocariasis
Authors: Healy Sara R. , Morgan Eric R. , Prada Joaquin M. , Betson Martha 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHuman toxocariasis is a neglected tropical disease, which is actually global in distribution and has a significant impact on global public health. The infection can lead to several serious conditions in humans, including allergic, ophthalmic and neurological disorders such as epilepsy. It is caused by the common roundworm speciesToxocara canisandToxocara cati, with humans becoming accidentally infectedviathe ingestion of eggs or larvae.Toxocaraeggs are deposited on the ground when infected dogs, cats and foxes defecate, with the eggs contaminating crops, grazing pastures, and subsequently food animals. However, transmission ofToxocarato humansviafood consumption has received relatively little attention in the literature. To establish the risks that contaminated food poses to the public, a renewed research focus is required. This review discusses what is currently known about food-borneToxocaratransmission, highlighting the gaps in our understanding that require further attention, and outlining some potential preventative strategies which could be employed to safeguard consumer health.
Developing a multisensory methodology to explore older people's landscape experience in Australian aged-care facilities
Authors: Tsai Mimi , Brough Mark , Cushing Debra Flanders 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper aims to develop a sensory methodological framework to explore older user's landscape experience. Applying empirical experience in Australian aged-care facilities, it addresses a methodological gap in the current literature to help move beyond the current taken-for-granted approaches such as interviews, cognitive mapping, behavioural observation and visual methods. We propose a more holistic method which enables the exploration of older people's in situ environmental experience. The multisensory framework we propose here is based on the first author's doctoral fieldwork experience that took place in two aged-care facilities in Brisbane, Australia. Findings suggest this framework facilitates an understanding of users’ olfactory, auditory and visual responses to the physical environment, and promotes a deeper engagement with the landscape. We argue that this is essential to promoting good landscape design which genuinely connects with older people's needs.
See the self through others’ eyes: The development of moral emotions in young children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Li Boya , Tsou Yung-Ting , Stockmann Lex , Greaves-Lord Kirstin , Rieffe Carolien 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDespite the important social functions of moral emotions, they are understudied in the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) population. This three-wave longitudinal study is among the first to examine the development of moral emotions and their associations with theory of mind in 3- to 7-year-old children with ASD, using observational tasks. One hundred and forty-two children (52 with ASD) were followed over a period of 2 years. We found that while the expressions of shame and guilt remained stable in non-ASD children, they decreased with age in children with ASD. No group differences were found in the levels or the developmental trajectories of pride. Besides, better false-belief understanding was uniquely related to the expressions of pride in children with ASD. Our findings highlight the importance of enhancing understanding of moral emotion development and related factors in children with ASD.
The “Magdala stone table”: its function and role in determining the liturgical furniture in the ancient synagogue
Authors: Weiss Zeev 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe discovery of low stone tables at Magdala and a few other sites in the Galilee and Golan allows us to examine, for the first time, this liturgical piece of furniture used by several communities in the late Second Temple period and the first centuries of the Common Era. This article defines the purpose of these stone tables based on analysis of the archaeological finds and examination of the literary sources associated with the Torah-reading ceremony conducted in the synagogues of ancient Palestine. The reading of the Torah throughout this long period was conducted standing with the open Torah scroll held in raised hands. Our study demonstrates that this table was not intended to be used for reading the Torah, but rather functioned as a low stand upon which the scroll was placed before the Torah-reading ceremony, during the breaks between the readers, and after completion of the ceremony.
Little Change in Ice Age Water Mass Structure From Cape Basin Benthic Neodymium and Carbon Isotopes
Authors: Hines Sophia K. V. , Bolge Louise , Goldstein Steven L. , Charles Christopher D. , Hall Ian R. , Hemming Sidney R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA common conception of the deep ocean during ice age episodes is that the upper circulation cell in the Atlantic was shoaled at the Last Glacial Maximum compared to today, and that this configuration facilitated enhanced carbon storage in the deep ocean, contributing to glacial CO2 draw‐down. Here, we test this notion in the far South Atlantic, investigating changes in glacial circulation structure using paired neodymium and benthic carbon isotope measurements from International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1479, at 2,615 m water depth in the Cape Basin. We infer changes in circulation structure across the last glacial cycle by aligning our site with other existing carbon and neodymium isotope records from the Cape Basin, examining vertical isotope gradients, while determining the relative timing of inferred circulation changes at different depths. We find that Site U1479 had the most negative neodymium isotopic composition across the last glacial cycle among the analyzed sites, indicating that this depth was most strongly influenced by North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) in both interglacial and glacial intervals. This observation precludes a hypothesized dramatic shoaling of NADW above ∼2,000 m. Our evidence, however, indicates greater stratification between mid‐depth and abyssal sites throughout the last glacial cycle, conditions that developed in Marine Isotope Stage 5. These conditions still may have contributed to glacial carbon storage in the deep ocean, despite little change in the mid‐depth ocean structure.
Neurological complications after first dose of COVID-19 vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Patone Martina , Handunnetthi Lahiru , Saatci Defne , Pan Jiafeng , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , Razvi Saif , Hunt David , Mei Xue W. , Dixon Sharon , Zaccardi Francesco , Khunti Kamlesh , Watkinson Peter , Coupland Carol A. C. , Doidge James , Harrison David A. , Ravanan Rommel , Sheikh Aziz , Robertson Chris , Hippisley-Cox Julia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEmerging reports of rare neurological complications associated with COVID-19 infection and vaccinations are leading to regulatory, clinical and public health concerns. We undertook a self-controlled case series study to investigate hospital admissions from neurological complications in the 28 days after a first dose of ChAdOx1nCoV-19 (n = 20,417,752) or BNT162b2 (n = 12,134,782), and after a SARS-CoV-2-positive test (n = 2,005,280). There was an increased risk of Guillain–Barré syndrome (incidence rate ratio (IRR), 2.90; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.15–3.92 at 15–21 days after vaccination) and Bell’s palsy (IRR, 1.29; 95% CI: 1.08–1.56 at 15–21 days) with ChAdOx1nCoV-19. There was an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke (IRR, 1.38; 95% CI: 1.12–1.71 at 15–21 days) with BNT162b2. An independent Scottish cohort provided further support for the association between ChAdOx1nCoV and Guillain–Barré syndrome (IRR, 2.32; 95% CI: 1.08–5.02 at 1–28 days). There was a substantially higher risk of all neurological outcomes in the 28 days after a positive SARS-CoV-2 test including Guillain–Barré syndrome (IRR, 5.25; 95% CI: 3.00–9.18). Overall, we estimated 38 excess cases of Guillain–Barré syndrome per 10 million people receiving ChAdOx1nCoV-19 and 145 excess cases per 10 million people after a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. In summary, although we find an increased risk of neurological complications in those who received COVID-19 vaccines, the risk of these complications is greater following a positive SARS-CoV-2 test.
Discovering disease–disease associations using electronic health records in The Guideline Advantage (TGA) dataset
Authors: Guo Aixia , Khan Yosef M. , Langabeer James R. , Foraker Randi E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCertain diseases have strong comorbidity and co-occurrence with others. Understanding disease–disease associations can potentially increase awareness among healthcare providers of co-occurring conditions and facilitate earlier diagnosis, prevention and treatment of patients. In this study, we utilized the valuable and large The Guideline Advantage (TGA) longitudinal electronic health record dataset from 70 outpatient clinics across the United States to investigate potential disease–disease associations. Specifically, the most prevalent 50 disease diagnoses were manually identified from 165,732 unique patients. To investigate the co-occurrence or dependency associations among the 50 diseases, the categorical disease terms were first mapped into numerical vectors based on disease co-occurrence frequency in individual patients using the Word2Vec approach. Then the novel and interesting disease association clusters were identified using correlation and clustering analyses in the numerical space. Moreover, the distribution of time delay (Δt) between pair-wise strongly associated diseases (correlation coefficients ≥ 0.5) were calculated to show the dependency among the diseases. The results can indicate the risk of disease comorbidity and complications, and facilitate disease prevention and optimal treatment decision-making.
Treatment of Underlying Forms: A Bayesian Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Treatment and Person-Related Variables on Treatment Response
Authors: Swiderski Alexander M. , Quique Yina M. , Dickey Michael Walsh , Hula William D. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This meta-analysis synthesizes published studies using “treatment of underlying forms” (TUF) for sentence-level deficits in people with aphasia (PWA). The study aims were to examine group-level evidence for TUF efficacy, to characterize the effects of treatment-related variables (sentence structural family and complexity; treatment dose) in relation to the Complexity Account of Treatment Efficacy (CATE) hypothesis, and to examine the effects of person-level variables (aphasia severity, sentence comprehension impairment, and time postonset of aphasia) on TUF response.

Method
Data from 13 single-subject, multiple-baseline TUF studies, including 46 PWA, were analyzed. Bayesian generalized linear mixed-effects interrupted time series models were used to assess the effect of treatment-related variables on probe accuracy during baseline and treatment. The moderating influence of person-level variables on TUF response was also investigated.

Results
The results provide group-level evidence for TUF efficacy demonstrating increased probe accuracy during treatment compared with baseline phases. Greater amounts of TUF were associated with larger increases in accuracy, with greater gains for treated than untreated sentences. The findings revealed generalization effects for sentences that were of the same family but less complex than treated sentences. Aphasia severity may moderate TUF response, with people with milder aphasia demonstrating greater gains compared with people with more severe aphasia. Sentence comprehension performance did not moderate TUF response. Greater time postonset of aphasia was associated with smaller improvements for treated sentences but not for untreated sentences.

Conclusions
Our results provide generalizable group-level evidence of TUF efficacy. Treatment and generalization responses were consistent with the CATE hypothesis. Model results also identified person-level moderators of TUF (aphasia severity, time postonset of aphasia) and preliminary estimates of the effects of varying amounts of TUF for treated and untreated sentences. Taken together, these findings add to the TUF evidence and may guide future TUF treatment–candidate selection.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16828630
Recent Advances on Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric C–H Arylation Reactions
Authors: Wang Jun , Li Mingliang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTransition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric C–H functionalization has become a powerful strategy to synthesize complex chiral molecules. Recently, catalytic enantioselective C–H arylation has attracted great interest from organic chemists to construct aryl-substituted chiral compounds. In this short review, we highlight recent advances in asymmetric C–H arylation from 2019 to late 2021, including enantioselective C(sp2)–H arylation to construct axial or planar chiral compounds, and enantioselective C(sp3)–H arylation to introduce central chirality via desymmetrization of the methyl group or methylene C–H activation. These processes proceed with palladium, rhodium, iridium, nickel, or copper catalysts, and utilize aryl halides, boron, or diazo derivatives as arylation reagents.1	Introduction2	Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric C(sp2)–H Arylation2.1	Chelation-Assisted Asymmetric C(sp2)–H Arylation for the Construction of Atropisomer2.2	Chelation-Assisted Asymmetric C(sp2)–H Arylation for the Construction of Planar Chiral Compounds2.3	Chelation-Assisted Asymmetric C(sp2)–H Arylation and Axial-to-Central Chirality Transfer for the Construction of Spirocycles2.4	Other Asymmetric C(sp2)–H Arylation Reactions3	Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric C(sp3)–H Arylation3.1	Chelation-Assisted Enantioselective C(sp3)–H Arylation through Desymmetrization3.2	Chelation-Assisted Enantioselective Methylene C(sp3)–H Aryl­ation3.3	Other Asymmetric C(sp3)–H Arylations4	Conclusion and Outlook
Increasing fire and the decline of fire adapted black spruce in the boreal forest
Authors: Baltzer Jennifer L. , Day Nicola J. , Walker Xanthe J. , Greene David , Mack Michelle C. , Alexander Heather D. , Arseneault Dominique , Barnes Jennifer , Bergeron Yves , Boucher Yan , Bourgeau-Chavez Laura , Brown Carissa D. , Carrière Suzanne , Howard Brian K. , Gauthier Sylvie , Parisien Marc-André , Reid Kirsten A. , Rogers Brendan M. , Roland Carl , Sirois Luc , Stehn Sarah , Thompson Dan K. , Turetsky Merritt R. , Veraverbeke Sander , Whitman Ellen , Yang Jian , Johnstone Jill F. 
Published: October 2021

Significance
Black spruce is the dominant tree species in boreal North America and has shaped forest flammability, carbon storage, and other landscape processes over the last several thousand years. However, climate warming and increases in wildfire activity may be undermining its ability to maintain dominance, shifting forests toward alternative forested and nonforested states. Using data from across North America, we evaluate whether loss of black spruce resilience is already widespread. Resilience was the most common outcome, but drier climatic conditions and more severe fires consistently undermine resilience, often resulting in complete regeneration failure. Although black spruce forests are currently moderately resilient, ongoing warming and drying may alter this trajectory, with large potential consequences for the functioning of this globally important biome.