bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of serum soluble ST2 in stable coronary artery disease: a prospective observational study
Authors: Kim Hack-Lyoung , Lee Jung Pyo , Wong Nathan , Lim Woo-Hyun , Seo Jae-Bin , Zo Joo-Hee , Kim Myung-A , Kim Sang-Hyun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe role of ST2 in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) has not yet been well defined. This study was performed to investigate baseline serum soluble ST2 (sST2) level can predict clinical outcomes in patients with stable CAD. A total of 388 consecutive patients with suspected CAD (65 years and 63.7% male) in stable condition referred for elective invasive coronary angiography (ICA) was prospectively recruited. Major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), including cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization (90 days after ICA), and ischemic stroke during clinical follow-up was assessed. Most of the patients (88.0%) had significant CAD (stenosis ≥ 50%). During median follow-up of 834 days, there was 29 case of MACE (7.5%). The serum sST2 level was significantly higher in patients with MACE than those without (47.3 versus 30.6 ng/ml, P < 0.001). In multiple Cox regression model, higher sST2 level (≥ 26.8 ng/ml) was an independent predictor of MACE even after controlling potential confounders (hazard ratio, 13.7; 95% confidence interval 1.80–104.60; P = 0.011). The elevated level of baseline sST2 is associated with an increased risk of adverse clinical events in stable CAD patients. Studies with larger sample size are needed to confirm our findings.
Promising effects of 33 to 36 Fr. bougie calibration for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Chang Po-Chih , Chen Kai-Hua , Jhou Hong-Jie , Chen Po-Huang , Huang Chih-Kun , Lee Cho-Hao , Chang Ting-Wei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe standard size of bougie for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is not yet established. Therefore, a systematic review and network meta-analysis were conducted to assess the weight loss effects and associated complications of LSG for patients with morbid obesity, based on different bougie sizes. A total of 15 studies were reviewed in this systemic review and network meta-analysis (2,848 participants), including RCTs and retrospective studies in PubMed, and Embase until September 1, 2020. The effectiveness of different bougie calibration sizes was assessed based on excess weight loss (EWL), total complications, and staple line leak. Within this network meta-analysis, S-sized (≤ 32 Fr.) and M-sized (33–36 Fr.) bougies had similar effects and were associated with the highest EWL improvement among all different bougie sizes (S-sized: standardized mean difference [SMD], 10.52; 95% confidence interval [CI] − 5.59 to  − 26.63, surface under the cumulative ranking curve [SUCRA], 0.78; and M-sized: SMD, 10.16; 95% CI − 3.04–23.37; SUCRA, 0.75). M-sized bougie was associated with the lowest incidence of total complications (M-sized: odds ratio, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.16–1.11; SUCRA, 0.92). Based on our network meta-analysis, using M-sized bougie (33–36 Fr.) is an optimal choice to balance the effectiveness and perioperative safety of LSG in the clinical practice.
Blocking the GITR-GITRL pathway to overcome resistance to therapy in sarcomatoid malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Chan Meilin , Wu Licun , Yun Zhihong , McKee Trevor D. , Cabanero Michael , Zhao Yidan , Kohno Mikihiro , Murakami Junichi , de Perrot Marc 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive neoplasm originating from the pleura. Non-epithelioid (biphasic and sarcomatoid) MPM are particularly resistant to therapy. We investigated the role of the GITR-GITRL pathway in mediating the resistance to therapy. We found that GITR and GITRL expressions were higher in the sarcomatoid cell line (CRL5946) than in non-sarcomatoid cell lines (CRL5915 and CRL5820), and that cisplatin and Cs-137 irradiation increased GITR and GITRL expressions on tumor cells. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the GITR-GITRL pathway was promoting tumor growth and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Furthermore, GITR+ and GITRL+ cells demonstrated increased spheroid formation in vitro and in vivo. Using patient derived xenografts (PDXs), we demonstrated that anti-GITR neutralizing antibodies attenuated tumor growth in sarcomatoid PDX mice. Tumor immunostaining demonstrated higher levels of GITR and GITRL expressions in non-epithelioid compared to epithelioid tumors. Among 73 patients uniformly treated with accelerated radiation therapy followed by surgery, the intensity of GITR expression after radiation negatively correlated with survival in non-epithelioid MPM patients. In conclusion, the GITR-GITRL pathway is an important mechanism of autocrine proliferation in sarcomatoid mesothelioma, associated with tumor stemness and resistance to therapy. Blocking the GITR-GITRL pathway could be a new therapeutic target for non-epithelioid mesothelioma.
Clinical Importance of Binaural Information: Extending Auditory Assessment in Clinical Populations Using a Portable Testing Platform
Authors: Diedesch Anna C. , Bock S. J. Adelaide , Gallun Frederick J. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to use variability on tests of basic auditory processing to allow identification of those tests that could be used clinically to describe functional hearing ability beyond the pure-tone audiogram and clinical speech-in-noise tests.

Method

Psychoacoustic tests implemented using the Portable Automated Rapid Testing system on a calibrated iPad were evaluated for nine young normal-hearing participants (
M
age
= 21.3,
SD
= 2.5) and seven hearing-impaired participants (
M
age
= 64.9,
SD
= 13.5). Participants completed 10 psychoacoustic subtests in a quiet room. Correlational analyses were used to compare performance on the psychoacoustic test battery with performance on a clinical speech-in-noise test and with the 4-frequency pure-tone average (4FreqPTA).

Results
Spectral processing ability was highly correlated with 4FreqPTA, and temporal processing ability showed minimal variability across the hearing-impaired group. Tests involving binaural processing captured variability across hearing-impaired listeners not associated with 4FreqPTA or speech-in-noise performance.

Conclusions
Tests that capture the ability to use binaural cues may add information to what current clinical protocols reveal about patients with auditory complaints. Further testing with a larger sample size is needed to confirm the need for binaural measurements and to develop normative data for clinical settings.
Speech Recognition With Informational and Energetic Maskers in Patients With Single-Sided Deafness After Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Müller Verena , Lang-Roth Ruth 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
The aim of the study was to assess the susceptibility to energetic and informational masking in patients with single-sided deafness (SSD) with one normal-hearing (NH) ear and a cochlear implant (CI) in the contralateral ear, understand the effect on speech recognition when spatially separating noise and speech maskers, and investigate the influence of the CI in situations with energetic and informational masking.

Method

Speech recognition was measured in the presence of either a modulated speech-shaped noise or one of two competing speech maskers in 11 SSD-CI listeners. The speech maskers were manipulated with respect to fundamental frequency to consider the effect of different voices. Measurements were conducted in the unaided (NH) and aided (NHCI) conditions. Spatial release from masking (SRM) was calculated for each masker type and both listening conditions (NH and NHCI) by subtracting scores of the colocated target and masker condition (S
0
N
0
) from the spatially separated target and masker conditions (S
0
N
≠0
).

Results
Speech recognition was highly variable depending on the type of masker. SRM occurred in the unaided (NH) and aided (NHCI) conditions when the speech masker had the same gender as the target talker. Adding the CI improved speech recognition when this speech masker was ipsilateral to the NH ear.

Conclusions
The amount of informational masking is substantial in SSD-CI listeners with both colocated and spatially separated target and masker signals. The contribution of SRM to better speech recognition largely depends on the masker and is considerable when no differences in voices between the target and the competing talker occur. There is only a slight improvement in speech recognition by adding the CI.
Modelling continuum intensity perturbations caused by solar acoustic oscillations
Authors: Kostogryz N. M. , Fournier D. , Gizon L. 
Published: July 2021

Context. Helioseismology is the study of the Sun’s interior using observations of oscillations at the surface. It suffers from systematic errors, for instance a center-to-limb error in travel-time measurements. Understanding these errors requires an adequate understanding of the nontrivial relationship between wave displacement and helioseismic observables (intensity or velocity).
Aims. The wave displacement causes perturbations in the atmospheric thermodynamical quantities which, in turn, perturb the opacity, the optical depth, the source function, and the local ray geometry, thus affecting the emergent intensity. We aim to establish the most complete relationship achieved to date between the wave displacement and the emergent intensity perturbation by solving the radiative transfer problem in the perturbed atmosphere.
Methods. We derived an expression for the emergent intensity perturbation caused by acoustic oscillations at any point on the solar disk by applying a first-order perturbation theory. As input perturbations, we considerd adiabatic modes of oscillation of different degrees in a spherically-symmetric solar model. The background and the perturbed intensities are computed by solving the radiative transfer equation considering the main sources of opacity in the continuum (absorption and scattering).
Results. We find that for all modes, the perturbations to the thermodynamical quantities are not sufficient to model the intensity perturbations: the geometrical effects due to the wave displacement must always be taken into account as they lead to a difference in amplitude and a phase shift between temperature perturbations at the surface and emergent intensity perturbations. The closer to the limb, the greater the differences. For modes with eigenfrequencies around 3 mHz, we found that the radial and horizontal components of the wave displacement are important, in particular, for high-degree modes.
Conclusions. This work presents improvements for the computation of the intensity perturbations, in particular, for high-degree modes. Here, we explain the differences in intensity computations seen in earlier works. The phase shifts and amplitude differences between the temperature and intensity perturbations increase toward the limb. This should prove helpful when interpreting some of the systematic centre-to-limb effects observed in local helioseismology. The computations are fast (3 s for 2000 positions and one frequency for one core) and can be parallelised. This work can be extended to models of the line-of-sight velocity observable.
Lithium depletion and angular momentum transport in F-type and G-type stars in Galactic open clusters
Authors: Dumont T. , Charbonnel C. , Palacios A. , Borisov S. 
Published: July 2021

Context. Open clusters provide unambiguous clues to understand the evolution of 7Li at the surface of low-mass stars and its possible correlation with stellar rotation, which is a challenge for both stellar hydrodynamics and Galactic chemical evolution.
Aims. We aim to quantify the efficiency of the transport processes for both angular momentum and chemicals that are required to explain simultaneously the observed behaviour of surface 7Li (and 9Be) and rotation as well as the internal rotation profiles inferred from helio- and asteroseismology in F- and G-type main sequence stars.
Methods. We apply the model for the transport of angular momentum and chemicals that we tailored in a previous work for solar-type stars to an extended range of initial masses and metallicities corresponding to F- an G-type stars in a sample of 20 Galactic open clusters. We evaluate its ability to explain the 7Li, 9Be, and rotation periods observations. This model includes atomic diffusion, rotation-induced processes (for which we tested different prescriptions for shear turbulence), penetrative convection with a rotational dependence, parametric viscosity and turbulence, and magnetic braking.
Results. Over the entire range of masses, metallicities, and ages explored, we reproduce the evolution of the surface rotation rates and predict, for the first time, the observed anti-correlation between the surface rotation rate and 7Li depletion as a consequence of the penetrative convection prescription. The 7Li behaviour and its evolution with time is well reproduced for G-type stars. However, the ability of the model to reproduce the so-called 7Li dip centred around ∼6600 K strongly depends on the adopted prescriptions for shear turbulence. It also requires a stellar mass dependence for the parametric viscosity adopted for the transport of angular momentum, similar to the behaviour predicted for the generation and luminosity of internal gravity waves generated by stellar convective envelopes. Finally, the model predicts internal rotation profiles in good agreement with asteroseismic constraints in main sequence stars.
Conclusions. We provide an efficient way to model G-type stars of different ages and metallicities successfully. However, the 7Li and 9Be dip constraints urgently call for further hydrodynamical studies to better model turbulence in stars, and for the exploration of physical processes such as tachocline mixing for the transport of chemicals and internal gravity waves for the transport of angular momentum. Finally, additional data for the internal rotation and for 9Be in main sequence low-mass stars are definitively needed.
Der Stellenwert des Bauchgefühls als Warnsignal für
Fehldiagnosen im Psychosomatischen Konsil
Authors: Seidl Otmar , Seidl Elias , Schwerthöffer Dirk 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Der Psychosomatische Konsiliardienst bietet die
Möglichkeit zur Korrektur von Fehldiagnosen. Die nicht-analytischen,
erfahrungsbasierten Bauchgefühle des Arztes spielen dabei als
diagnostische Wegbereiter eine wesentliche Rolle.
Methodik In einer Fallserien-Studie wurden die Abläufe von 165
psychosomatischen Konsilen und die dabei im Konsiliarius auftretenden
emotionalen und kognitiven Prozesse erfasst. Der diagnostische Prozess wurde
unter Bezugnahme auf die duale Prozesstheorie analysiert. Beim
Bauchgefühl wurde zwischen einem sense of alarm und einen sense of
reassurance unterschieden. Exemplarisch wurden bei vier Konsilen die Prozesse
dargestellt, die zur Aufdeckung von Fehldiagnosen führten.
Ergebnisse In 24 Konsilen (16%) wurde eine Fehldiagnose
festgestellt. Anlass hierfür war immer ein sense of alarm, der sich in
29 von 165 Konsilen (18%) einstellte. In 11 Konsilen (7%)
bestand ein sense of reassurance, der in zehn Konsilen mit einer
Bestätigung der Diagnose assoziiert war und nur in einem Fall einem
sense of alarm wich und zu einer Diagnosekorrektur führte.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Beachtung des Bauchgefühls und seines sense
of alarm ist eine effektive Methode, Fehldiagnosen zu erkennen.
Ausbildungsprogramme sollten nicht nur das rational-analytische Denken, sondern
auch die selbstkritische Introspektionsfähigkeit des Arztes
fördern.
Family as a Context for Child Development: Mothers with the FMR1 Premutation and Their Children with Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Bangert Katherine , Moser Carly , Friedman Laura , Klusek Jessica 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFragile X syndrome (FXS) is a genetic disorder caused by changes of the FMR1 gene that is passed along among families. A range of developmental processes may be impacted with wide variation in abilities across individuals with FXS. Mothers of children with FXS are often carriers of a “premutation” expansion on the FMR1 gene, which is associated with its own clinical phenotype. These maternal features may increase individual and family vulnerabilities, including increased risk for depression and anxiety disorders and difficulties in social and cognitive ability. These characteristics may worsen with age, and potentially interact with a child's challenging behaviors and with family dynamics. Thus, families of children with FXS may experience unique challenges related to genetic risk, manifested across both children and parents, that should be considered in therapeutic planning to optimize outcomes for children and their families. In this article, we review core features of the FMR1 premutation as expressed in mothers and aspects of the family environment that interface with developmental outcomes of children with FXS. Recommendations for family-centered support services are discussed.
Mental State Language Use in Children with Down Syndrome and the Role of Caregivers
Authors: Channell Marie Moore , Bosley Rebekah 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChildren with Down syndrome (DS) have both strengths and difficulties in speech, language, and social communication. Mental state language—the ability to discuss others' perspectives such as their thoughts, feelings, and intentions—represents a foundational social communicative skill that is delayed in many children with DS, even into the school-age years. The purpose of this article is to review the evidence base on mental state language development in school-age children with DS, focusing in particular on assessment and intervention. We discuss assessment procedures that are both age appropriate and developmentally appropriate for this population. We also present preliminary data highlighting the role of caregivers in supporting mental state language development in school-age children with DS through shared storytelling. We propose that interventions aimed at supporting mental state language development in DS should include a focus on caregiver–child shared storybook reading, even in the school-age years. Therefore, we discuss key considerations for clinicians when teaching caregivers strategies for supporting mental state language and social communication in children with DS.
Percutaneous Transhepatic Biodegradable Biliary Stent Placement for Benign Biliary Strictures
Authors: Abulqasim Shaima , Arabi Mohammad , Almasar Khalid , AlBdah Bayan , Salman Refaat 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of biodegradable stents in the management of benign biliary strictures. This is a retrospective observational study that included all adult patients who had biodegradable stent placement for a benign cause of biliary stricture between July 2016 and August 2019. Nineteen patients were included. Seventeen patients had liver transplant. One patient had hepaticojejunostomy due to primary sclerosing cholangitis and one patient had iatrogenic left main bile duct occlusion. Stents were successfully deployed in all 19 patients (technical success: 100%). Patency rate was 90% (17/19) at 6 months and 80% (12/15) at 12 months. Seven patients in the study had stricture recurrence and needed reintervention with mean time to reintervention of 418 days (range: 8–1,155 days). There was one major complication due to cholangitis and sepsis, which required a treatment course with piperacillin/tazobactam for 10 days. No procedure-related pancreatitis or deaths occurred. Biodegradable stents are a safe and effective treatment option for benign biliary strictures and can achieve long-term patency without the need for reinterventions.
Puccinia sorghi
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Laundon G. F. , Waterston J. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Puccinia sorghi
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pycnia and aecia on some 30 species of
Oxalis
including
O. corniculata
(some of these by artificial inoculation only). Uredia and telia on
Euchlaena mexicana, E. perennis
and
Zea mays
. DISEASE: Rust of maize causing chlorosis and death of leaves and leaf sheaths. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: The aecial infection is limited in distribution to temperate regions in Europe, the United States of America, Mexico and South Africa, with one record from Nepal (
C.P. News
7: 59, 1961). The uredial and telial stages are practically co-extensive with the distribution of their hosts (CMI Map 279). In the tropics it is less common than
Puccinia polysora
below 4, 000 feet. TRANSMISSION: By air (
Phytopathology
47: 101-7), by seed (Reyes,
Philippine J. Agric
. 18: 115-128; 1953) and probably also by infected or contaminated material.
Puccinia polysora
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Laundon G. F. , Waterston J. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Puccinia polysora
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On
Erianthus divaricatus, E. alopecuroides, Euchlaena mexicana, Tripsacum dactyloides (= T. monastachyum), T
.
lanceolatum, T. latifolium. T. laxum, T. pilosum, Zea mays
. DISEASE: Rust of maize causing chlorosis and premature death of leaves and leaf-sheaths. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Tropical, South, and Madagascar), Asia (S.E.), Australia (Queensland), Australasia, N. America (S. and E.), Central America and W. Indies, S. America (N.) (CMI Map 237). TRANSMISSION: By air over relatively short distances (37: 657) and by infected or contaminated material via air transport over long distances (38: 591).
Puccinia purpurea
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Laundon G. F. , Waterston J. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Puccinia purpurea
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On
Cymbopogon citratus, Sorghum almum, S. cafforum, S. halepense, S. nitens, S. nitidun, S. sudanense, S. verticilliflorum, S. virgatum
and
S. vulgare
. DISEASE: Leaf rust of sorghum, generally occurring on older leaves when crop is maturing and in such cases causing only slight loss. Premature leaf necrosis with reduction of forage value and grain yield is reported on some highly susceptible cultivars. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread, probably co-extensive with hosts and wherever sorghums are cultivated including North, South and Central America, West Indies, Africa, Australia, Fiji, Asia and Europe (CMI Map 212). TRANSMISSION: Probably by air-borne urediospores.
Pseudomonas sesami
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Hayward A. C. , Waterston J. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Pseudomonas sesami
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On
Sesamum orientale (Pedaliaceae
). Infects stems, pods, but not the leaves of
Phaseolus vulgaris
on inoculation. DISEASE: A leaf spot affecting aerial parts of plant. Blackish-brown spots which coalesce may extend along whole length of stem. Angular spots on leaves delimited by veins. Infected capsules blacken. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Parts of East Africa; China, Japan, Korea, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Yugoslavia, United States, Brazil (CMI Map 398). TRANSMISSION: Presumably by wind driven rain; on seed, see Noble
et al., An Annotated List Of Seed-Borne Diseases
, CMI, Kew, 1958, p. 117.