bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REDEFINISI GENDER DAN SEKS
Authors: Kartini Ade , Maulana Asep 
Published: January 2021

The development of an increasingly advanced world opens up opportunities for everyone, both men and women, to take part openly in various fields of life. This is inseparable from the role and figure of women, whose work today cannot be ruled out, thus constructing gender equality, which means the claim that humans between men and women are created as creatures and that differences only lie in the quality and level of piety. There is no claim that men or women are special before God, so whoever wants to gain a high degree must be cautious. There is no reason for the difference between men and women in the capacity of humans as creatures. Both have the same potential and opportunities to become ideal beings. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the conceptual gender and perceptions between gender and sex is very necessary and important to understand correctly. This library research is conducted through documentation study and qualitative analysis. The findings of the research result state that gender is a concept that examines the differences between men and women as a result of social construction which can take the form of differences in roles, functions, and responsibilities between men and women so that they can change according to different times. gender that has been outlined by nature.
Perkembangan dunia yang semakin maju membukakan kesempatan bagi setiap orang baik laki-laki maupun perempuan untuk berkiprah secara terbuka di berbagai bidang kehidupan. Hal tersebut tidak lepas dari peran dan sosok perempuan yang hari ini kiprahnya tak bisa dikesampingkan sehingga mengonstruksi kesetaraan gender yang berarti klaim bahwa manusia antara laki-laki dan perempuan sama-sama diciptakan sebagai makhluk dan perbedaan pun hanyalah terletak pada kualitas dan kadar ketakwaannya. Tak ada klaim laki-laki ataupun perempuan yang menjadi istimewa di hadapan Tuhan, maka barang siapa yang ingin memperoleh derajat yang tinggi maka hendaklah bertakwa. Tidak ada alasan perbedaan antara laki-laki dan perempuan dalam kapasitas manusia sebagai makhluk. Keduanya mempunyai potensi dan peluang yang sama untuk menjadi makhluk yang ideal. Dengan demikian pemahaman tentang konseptual gender dan persepsi antara gender dengan seks yang komprehensif sangat diperlukan dan penting untuk dipahami secara benar. Penelitian kepustakaan ini dilakukan melalui studi dokumentasi dan analisis data kualitatif. Temuan hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa gender adalah suatu konsep yang mengaji tentang perbedaan antara laki-laki dan perempuan sebagai hasil kontruksi sosial yang dapat berbentuk perbedaan peran, fungsi, dan tanggung jawab antara laki-laki dan perempuan sehingga dapat berubah sesuai dengan perkembangan jaman berbeda halnya dengan jenis kelamin yang telah digariskan secara kodrati.
TEORI PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF JEAN PIAGET DAN PROBLEMATIKANYA PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Marinda Leny 
Published: January 2021

Cognitive development is a change processes of human life in understanding, managing information, solving problems and knowing something. Jean Piaget is one of a figures studied cognitive development and said about cognitive development steps. Jean Piaget is also a biologist who links the physical maturity development with cognitive development steps. These steps are the motoric sensory step (0–2 years), pre-operational (2-7 years), concrete operations (7–11 years) and formal operations (11–15 years). In understanding the world actively, a child uses a scheme, assimilation, accommodation, organization and equilibration. A child's knowledge formed gradually in line with the information experience found. According to Piaget, children undergo a definite sequence of cognitive development steps. In this theory, children predicted to have maturity quantity and quality based on the steps passed. a step of cognitive development is a continuation of previous cognitive development. Cognitive problems arise in elementary school children viewed from Piaget's cognitive development theory including dyslexia, dysgraphia and dyscalculia.
Perkembangan kognitif adalah tahapan-tahapan perubahan yang terjadi dalam rentang kehidupan manusia untuk memahami, mengolah informasi, memecahkan masalah dan mengetahui sesuatu. Jean Piaget adalah salah satu tokoh yang meneliti tentang perkembangan kognitif dan mengemukakan tahapan-tahapan perkembangan kognitif. Jean Piaget yang juga ahli Biologi menghubungkan tahapan perkembangan kematangan fisik dengan tahapan perkembangan kognitif. Tahapan-tahapan tersebut adalah tahap sensory motorik (0–2 tahun), pra-operasional (2–7 tahun), operasional konkret (7–11 tahun) dan operasional formal (11–15 tahun). Dalam memahami dunia secara aktif, anak menggunakan skema, asimilasi, akomodasi, organisasi dan equilibrasi. Pengetahuan anak terbentuk secara berangsur sejalan dengan pengalaman tentang informasi-informasi yang ditemui. Menurut Piaget, anak menjalani urutan yang sudah pasti dari tahap-tahap perkembangan kognitif. Pada teori ini, anak diprediksi memiliki kematangan secara kuantitas maupun kualitas berdasarkan tahapan-tahapan yang dilaluinya. Perkembangan kognitif pada satu tahap merupakan lanjutan dari perkembangan kognitif tahap sebelumnya. Problem kognitif yang muncul pada anak usia sekolah dasar dilihat dari teori perkembangan kognitif ala Piaget diantaranya disleksia, disgrafia dan diskalkulia.
PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN DAN PSIKOLOGI
Authors: Almalachim Ainul Churria , Fauziyah Nailul , Maulana Asep 
Published: January 2021

This paper is a paper that uses literature review with the theme of the concept of Educating Children from the Quranic perspective, by using the concept of literal interpretation, the results of this paper are that the success of children's educational processes in the family is very dependent on the roles and responsibilities of the family itself. Where parents as the core of the family has a very important role, it is he who is fully responsible for the educational process of children in the family, so that it can be said that the success of the child's educational process in the family is very dependent on how parents carry out their duties and responsibilities. The implication of the meaning of wisdom for educator figures is that an educator in addition to constantly trying to improve his academic abilities, he also tries to harmonize with his practice.

Paper ini adalah paper yang menggunakan kajian pustaka dengan tema konsep Mendidik Anak Perpektif al Quran, dengan menggunakan konsep interpretasi literal, hasil paper ini adalah Keberhasilan proses pendidikan anak dalam keluarga sangat tergantung pada peran dan tanggung jawab keluarga itu sendiri. Di mana orang tua sebagai inti dari keluarga memiliki peranan yang sangat penting, dialah yang bertanggung jawab penuh terhadap proses pendidikan anak dalam keluarga, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa keberhasilan proses pendidikan anak dalam keluarga sangat tergantung pada bagaimana orang tua melaksanakan tugas dan tanggung jawabnya tersebut. Implikasi dari makna hikmah bagi figur pendidik adalah bahwa seorang pendidik selain senantiasa berusaha meningkatkan kemampuan akademiknya, ia pun berupaya menselaraskan dengan amalannya.
Power and Authority di Pondok Pesantren: Potret Kepemimpinan Kiai dalam Lingkungan Multikultural
Authors: Munir Akhmad 
Published: January 2021

Abstrak
Artikel ini mencoba mengeksplorasi konsepsi kepemimpinan kiai di pondok pesantren dalam konteks kekuasaan (power) dan otoritas (authority) dalam lingkungan yang multikultural (multicultural environment). Kepemimpinan merupakan seni memengaruhi (the art of influence) agar orang melakukan sesuai dengan tujuan yang diinginkan. Kekuasaan (power) adalah kesempatan bagi manusia atau sekelompok manusia untuk menyadarkan individu atau kelompokindividulainnya terhadap kemauan yang diinginkan. Kekuasaan menjelma dalam ragam bentuk, seperti: pengaruh, persuasi, manipulasi, kekuatan (force), dan koersi. Sedangkan otoritas merupakan wewenang yang diberikan kepada seseorang atau kelompok atau instansi secara sah agar patuh terhadapnya karena didukung oleh norma dan peraturan yang dibuat. Jadi, kekuasaan terkait erat dengan kemampuan; sedangkan otoritas merupakan hak untuk mengambil tindakan yang diperlukan agar tugas dan tanggungjawab dapat dilaksanakan secara efektif dan efisien. Produktivitas kekuasaan dan otoritas selalu berjalan dinamis di dalam lingkungan multikultural. Konsepsi kepemimpinan dalam konteks lingkungan multikultural inilah yang dipraktekkan oleh founding fathers bangsa kita dulu.
Kata Kunci: kekuasaan, kepemimpinan kiai, lingkungan multikultural, otoritas, pondok pesantren

Abstract
The article is trying to explore the concept of leadership of kiai in pesantren (Islamic boarding school) in the context of power and authority on multicultural environment. Leadership is the art of influence in order to be acted by others in accordance with what he or she wants others do. Power is an opportunity for human being or community to make individual or others aware to the willingness of what he wants. Power incarnates to various forms, for instance: influence, persuasion, manipulation, force as well as coercion. On the other hand, the authority is a right given to someone or community or institution legally in order to obey because of the rules and norms as well that made. So, power is related to capability; the authority is a right to make decision as needed so that the task or assignment as well as responsibility can be carried out effectively and efficiently. The productivity of power and authority is on the tract dynamically in the context of multicultural environment. This concept of leadership in the context of multicultural environment had been practiced by our founding fathers.
Keywords: power, leadership of kiai, multicultural environment, authority, pondok pesantren
Pengembangan Daya Saing Syar’iy: Sebuah Reformulasi Kepemimpinan Pesantren
Authors: Zahroh Aminatuz 
Published: January 2021

Abstrak
Dalam decade terakhir ini, proses globalisasi dan berbagai inovasi baru telah terjadi di berbagai bidang kehidupan. Salah satu imbas dari globalisasi ini adalah pesantren sebagai tempat menggali ilmu dan menghasilkan pengetahuan agama perlu bersaing untuk kelangsungan hidup. Persaingan tersebut meliputi mutu, harga, layanan, prestasi santri dan outputnya. Pemenang dari persaingan itu adalah pesantren yang memiliki SDM yang berkualitas dalam iman, taqwa, kemampuan, ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan keterampilan. Salah satu cara untuk memenangkan persaingan tersebut adalah dengan melakukan upaya reformulasi kepemimpinan pesantren. Kepemimpinan pesantren merupakan aspek kehidupan yang menjadi perhatian banyak orang sejak puluhan tahun yang lalu. Kepemimpinan pesantren merupakan sebuah posisi sekaligus karya luhur yang memang dibutuhkan sebagai kodrat sejarah dan fitrah peradaban pesantren. Kepimimpinan dibutuhkan untuk terkelolanya pesantren, dengan arahan yang jelas, serta keadilan yang merata. Kepemimpinan pesantren memiliki ciri khas yang tidak dimiliki oleh kepemimpinan dalam organisasi dan lembaga pendidikan lainnya. Hal ini terindikasi dari eksistensi pesantren yang semakin menguat dari hari ke hari. Yang menjadi pertanyaan besar adalah bagaimana kepemimpinan pesantren dalam menghadapi perubahan sosial? Adakah terobosan-terobosan penting untuk mengembangkan daya saing syar’iy?
Kata Kunci: pengembangan daya saing syar’iy, kepemimpinan pesantren

Abstract
In the last decade, the process of globalization and various new innovations have occurred in various fields of life. One of the effects of globalization is that pesantren as a place to explore and produce religious knowledge need to compete for survival. The competition includes quality, price, service, santri achievements and output. The winners of the competition are pesantren that have quality human resources in faith, piety, ability, science, technology and skills. One way to win the competition is to make efforts to reformulate pesantren leadership. Pesantren leadership is an aspect of life that has been a concern for many people since decades ago. Pesantren leadership is a position as well as noble work that is indeed needed as a historical nature and nature of pesantren civilization. Leadership is needed for the management of pesantren, with clear direction, and equitable justice. Pesantren leadership has a characteristic that is not possessed by leadership in other organizations and educational institutions. This is indicated by the existence of pesantren which are getting stronger gradually. In its objective conditions many pesantren cannot formulate their leadership well so they cannot develop their competitiveness based syar'iat of Islam. The most in important question is how is the leadership of the pesantren in facing social change? Are there important breakthroughs to develop syar’iy competitiveness?
Key Words: developing syar’iy competitiveness, pesantren leadership
Manajemen Waktu Belajar di Perguruan Tinggi pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Fajhriani. N Dyla 
Published: January 2021

Waktu adalah bagian penting dan tidak terpisahkan dari kehidupan seseorang. Pencapaian kesuksesan ditentukan sejauh mana seseorang menentukan waktunya. Dalam dunia manajemen waktu, pendidikan juga merupakan bagian penting dari keberhasilan kegiatan pendidikan. Manajemen waktu adalah kemampuan untuk menggunakan waktu secara efektif dan efisien begitu pula manajemen waktu belajar tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam kehidupan mahasiswa. Selama pandemi COVID-19, semua mahasiswa di perguruan tinggi melakukan study from home dan melakukan kegiatan belajar menggunakan media online. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana manajemen waktu belajar selama pandemi COVID-19 pada mahasiswa Bimbingan Konseling Islam Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualilatif. Hasil penelitian yang peneliti lakukan didapatkan bahwa problematika manajemen waktu belajar di Perguruan Tinggi pada masa pandemi covid-19 bahwa manajemen waktu belajar selama masa pandemi COVID-19 perlu adaptasi dengan baik, hal ini dikarenakan pandangan bahwa kuliah satu satunya di kampus. Akhirnya banyak mahasiwa banyak yang bekerja ataupun membantu orangtua di rumah. Selain itu kendala jaringan dan faktor mencari sinyal internet juga menjadi problem mendasar dikalangan mahasisiwa.
Kata Kunci: manajemen waktu belajar, pandemi covid-19
Time is an important and inseparable part of someone’s life. Achievement of success is determined by the extent to which an individual determines the time. Within the domain of time management, education is also an important part of the success of educational activities. Time management is the ability to use time effectively and efficiently as well as learning time management in which it cannot be separated within student life. During the COVID-19 pandemic, all of the university students conducted the learning process from home and carried it out by using online media. The purpose of this study was to determine how study time management during the COVID-19 pandemic in Islamic Counseling Guidance students at the Imam Bonjol State Islamic University, Padang. The research method used is qualitative research. The results of the research suggested that the problem of study time management in universities during the Covid-19 pandemic was that learning time management during the COVID-19 pandemic needed to be well-adapted, this was due to the perception that the learning process itself were only took place at the campus. Therefore, many students work or help their parents at home. Apart from that, the internet’s network stability is also a fundamental problem among students.
Strain induced abnormal grain growth in thermally oxidized Cu2O sheets
Authors: Aggarwal Garima , Singh Akhilender Jeet , Mehtani Hitesh Kumar , Balasubramaniam K. R. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Strain induced abnormal grain growth (SIAGG) has been of great interest in metals and metallic alloys but only limited studies of this interesting phenomenon exist in bulk metal oxides. Here, we demonstrate SIAGG in thermally oxidized Cu2O by cold-working the Cu-foil prior to oxidation. During the cold-work, dislocation density increases at edges and this inhomogeneity in the microstructure give rise to AGG upon oxidative annealing. These abnormally grown grains are prepared without following strict single crystal growth protocols (long duration, high-temperature synthesis) and their diameter ranges from 2 to 10 mm, which are akin to single-crystalline Cu2O in various applications.
Evaluasi Implementasi E-learning dengan Metode Hot Fit Model
Authors: Lestariningsih Tri , Artono Budi , Afandi Yosi 
Published: January 2021

Implementasi e-learning dalam proses pembelajaran saat ini diterapkan pada lembaga pendidikan. Perguruan tinggi salah satu lembaga pendidikan yang menerapkan E-learning dalam proses pembelajaran, namun belum banyak perguruan tinggi yang melakukan evaluasi terhadap implementasi e-learning. Evaluasi terhadap implementasi e-learning itu sangat perlu dilakukan untuk menilai implementasi e-learning berdasarkan pada kepuasan pengguna e-learning tersebut. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengevaluasi implementasi e-learning di perguruan tinggi menggunakan hot fit model dengan hasil evaluasi implementasi e-learning adalah pandangan pengguna terhadap aspek teknologi adalah variabel kualitas sistem (KS), kualitas layanan (KL) dan variabel kualitas informasi (KI) berpengaruh positif terhadap penggunaan sistem (HM). Kualitas sistem (KS), Kualitas layanan (KL) dan kualitas informasi (KI) berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan pengguna (KP), dan jika dilihat dari sudut pandang terhadap aspek manusia dalam hal ini pengguna itu sendiri, dapat terlihat bahwa variabel kepuasan pengguna (KP) berpengaruh positif terhadap penggunaan sistem (HM) dan variabel kepuasan pengguna (KP) berpengaruh positif terhadap manfaat (NB).
ROLE OF GENDER IN PAKISTANI ELT TEXTBOOKS: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS APPROACH
Authors: Mahmood Sidra , Kaur Surinderpal , Daghigh Ali Jalalian 
Published: January 2021

Language and gender relations are two ways: gender is reflected by language and language assists to shape gender. Gender is less studied in the field of textbook evaluation because it states the social standards, practices and roles that distinct females from males. Critical Discourse Studies is a persuasive framework which is applied to eval­uate gender beliefs and ideologies in textbooks. It further contains the examination of ideological manipulation, he­gemony, power relations and identity. The current study examines representation of gender in Pakistani English Language Teaching schoolbooks of 9th grade and 10th grade of Balochistan which is the largest province (area) of Pakistan. A mixed method approach is used to analyse the data. ‘Three-Dimensional Model’ by Fairclough (2015) which is based on description, interpretation, and explanation has been used as the theoretical framework of the study. Moreover, the description stage has analysed four aspects. These are included as the frequency of men and women presence, gender activity, the pictorial representations, and the societal/domestic roles related with them. At large scale, the cardinal ideologies roles of power-relations and social challenges are elucidated. The analysis of the two ELT textbooks reveals a gender inequality and supports males. Such inequality has led to the females being less powerful and more stereotyped.
STUDI DESKRIPTIF MINAT MAHASISWA STT KAO TENTANG PENGEMBANGAN KARUNIA ROH KUDUS DALAM PELAYANAN PEMBERITAAN INJIL
Authors: Luhur Chandra Kirana 
Published: January 2021

Carrying out the mission of the great commission is a general church task, which must be carried out by all believers. Conducting missions in the 4.0 era is a challenge in itself, and the university must empower the student with the gift of the Holy Spirit who can answer the needs of mission services in this era. The research is a quantitative research, applying descriptive and phenomenological methods to show a description of service needs related to mission in the 4.0 era. As a result, a leader,must first be empowered in terms of gifts so as to optimize the gifts that are in the students.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGENALAN AKAN KRISTUS DALAM PEMURIDAN SPK DI GEREJA MAHANAIM COMMUNITY CHURCH SEMARANG
Authors: Luhur Chandra Kirana 
Published: January 2021

Many churches began to outreach through communal facilities in Semarang. This can be seen from the activity of the church in making discipleship for the members. From these circumstances, researchers feel interested to examine how effective the strategy of cell group leader in reaching new souls based on Act 2-4.To find out the effectiveness strategy of cell group leader to implementation in the outreach of the soul based on Act 2-4 in the Cell Groups?To know the most dominant dimension in the implementation of the effectiveness of the cell group leader in conducting the outreach by Act 2-4.To know the most influential background on the implementation of the effectiveness of the cell groupleader in conducting the outreach by Act 2-4.
Fracture Resistance of New Fiber Post System (Rebilda GT)
Authors: Emad Farhan Alkhalidi  
Published: January 2021

Background and Aims: Evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth
restored with bundle glass fiber post and tapered glass fiber post, at 45 degree oblique load.
Materials and Method: Thirty newly extracted single rooted mandibular first premolars were chosen, and
after root canal preparation and obturation, post spaces were prepared. Then the samples were separated into
three groups (n = 10) dependent on the type of restorative method used: group A restored with Rebilda fiber
post [tapered glass fiber post], group B restored with Rebilda post GT post system (bundle glass fiber post),
and group C restored with direct composite resin restoration without a post (control). Using a universal
testing machine with speed of 0.5 mm/minute at 45 degree sloping load which was applied to the restored
teeth, fracture resistance was recorded in Newton.
Results: The results showed that the fracture resistance significantly affected by different post systems (p
< 0.05). The bundle glass fiber post (rebilda Gt) showed highest fracture resistance than the other groups.
Conclusion: Rebilda GT post (bundle glass fiber system) showed higher fracture resistance than the Rebilda
fiber post (tapered glass fiber post) and control group respectively