bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rupture process of theMs6.6 Superstition Hills, California, earthquake determined from strong-motion recordings: Application of tomographic source inversion
Authors: Frankel Arthur , Wennerberg Leif 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe analyze strong-motion recordings of the Ms 6.6 Superstition Hills earthquake to determine the timing, location, spatial extent, and rupture velocity of the subevents that produced the bulk of the high-frequency (0.5 to 4 Hz) seismic energy radiated by this shock. The earthquake can be characterized by three principal subevents, the largest ones occurring about 3 and 10 sec after initiation of rupture. Timing relationships between pulses on the seismograms indicate that the three subevents are located within 8 km of each other along the northern portion of the Superstition Hills fault. The two largest subevents display different directivity effects. We apply a tomographic source inversion to the integrated accelerograms to determine the slip acceleration on the fault as a function of time and distance, based on a one-dimensional fault model. The azimuthal distribution of amplitudes for the second subevent can be largely explained by a rupture that propagated about 2 km to the southeast along the Superstition Hills fault at a velocity about equal to the P-wave velocity. An alternative model with rupture propagating to the northeast along a conjugate fault plane can also account for the observed directivity of this subevent, but it is not supported by the aftershock distribution. The third subevent ruptured to the southeast along an 8-km long portion of the Superstition Hills fault at about the shear-wave velocity. This rupture propagation caused the relatively large accelerations and velocities observed in strong-motion records for stations southeast of the hypocenter. The long time intervals between the subevents and their relative proximity to each other indicate a very slow component to the rupture development. The southern half of the Superstition Hills fault did not generate significant high-frequency strong ground motion, although it showed substantial co-seismic surface displacement. The subevents are situated along the same northern portion of the fault where most of the aftershocks are located. The locations of the subevents appear to be controlled by bends in the fault mapped at the surface and by changes in basement structure at depth.
Fault parameters and slip distribution of the 1915 Avezzano, Italy, earthquake derived from geodetic observations
Authors: Ward Steven N. , Valensise Gianluca R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper analyzes static surface displacements associated with the Avezzano, Italy, earthquake (Ms = 6.9) of 13 January 1915. The Avezzano event locates on a shallow normal fault centered in the Apennine mountains near a Quaternary tectonic depression named “Conca del Fucino.” The 1915 earthquake is the only sizable event to have occurred in the area for at least a millennium, although many Holocene and Quaternary faults can be recognized in the field. Awareness of the seismic potential of the Fucino region has heightened in recent years with the outward expansion of metropolitan Rome (80 km southwest). Because of a fortuitous pre-earthquake leveling survey near the fault in the mid 19th century, good quality geodetic data exist that illuminate details of the 1915 rupture. We modeled the faulting using both uniform (USP) and variable (VSP) slip planar dislocations. The best fitting focal mechanism includes pure dip slip on a plane striking 135° and plunging 63° to the southwest. This fault geometry is consistent with surface scarps and the broad scale tectonics of the region and is common to several large earthquakes of the south-central Apennines. The USP analysis estimates fault length, width, slip and moment to be 24 km, 15 km, 83 cm, and 9.7 × 1018 N-m, respectively. Numerical simulations indicate that residuals left in the uniform slip model are not entirely random and represent systematically unmodeled features of fault slip. VSP models of the earthquake significantly reduce the USP variance and reveal a broad two-lobed slip pattern, separating a central region of low moment release. New formulations detailing the relationships between VSP and minimum model norm solutions to underdetermined inverse problems are presented as well as concise statements dealing with the intrinsic and combined resolving power of a geodetic network.
Deriving source-time functions using principal component analysis
Authors: Vasco D. W. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFactors such as source complexity, microseismic noise, and lateral heterogeneity all introduce nonuniqueness into the source-time function. The technique of principal component analysis is used to factor the moment tensor into a set of orthogonal source-time functions. This is accomplished through the singular value decomposition of the time-varying moment tensor. The adequacy of assuming a single source-time function may then be examined through the singular values of the decomposition. The F test can also be used to assess the significance of the various principal component basis functions. The set of significant basis functions can be used to test models of the source-time functions, including multiple sources. Application of this technique to the Harzer nuclear explosion indicated that a single source-time function was found to adequately explain the moment tensor. It consists of a single pulse appearing on the diagonal elements of the moment-rate tensor. The decomposition of the moment tensor for a deep teleseism in the Bonin Islands revealed three basis functions associated with relatively large singular values. The F test indicated that only two of the principal components were significant. The principal component associated with the largest singular value consists of a large pulse followed 16-sec later by a diminished pulse. The second principal component, a long-period oscillation, appears to be a manifestation of the poor resolution of the moment-rate tensor at low frequencies.
2-D tomographic imaging of velocities in the Wichita uplift-Anadarko basin region of southwestern Oklahoma
Authors: Zhu Xianhuai , McMechan George A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn January of 1985, a densely-recorded, wide-aperture seismic experiment was performed by the University of Texas at El Paso and at Dallas, across the southwestern Oklahoma aulacogen. A two-dimensional P-wave velocity distribution is estimated for the Wichita uplift, the Anadarko basin, and the interface between them, by iterative tomographic imaging of travel-time picks from seven shots located near the 100-km-long recording line. The region that is imaged is roughly triangular in shape, with depth = 0 km at the ends of line and ≈ 15 km near its center. The main features that are revealed are a high-velocity (&gt;6.8 km/sec) central core in the Wichita uplift and an asymmetrical Anadarko basin with decreasing velocities toward the basin axis. There are indications, within the uplift, of local high-velocity sills and a local low-velocity region that may be a remnant of normal crustal material.
The Darrington seismic zone in northwestern Washington
Authors: Zollweg J. E. , Johnson Peggy A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Earthquakes occurring between 1971 and 1988 are evidence for a small zone of crustal seismicity under the western North Cascades near Darrington, Washington. Better-quality hypocenters imply the activity occurs on a fault or fault zone striking N80°W ± 20°, dipping nearly south at 40° ± 15°, with a length along strike of at least 10 km and possibly 20 km or more. We term this feature the Darrington Seismic Zone (DSZ). Focal depths range between 3 and 15 km. A single-event and a composite focal mechanism show nearly pure thrust faulting with one nodal plane in agreement with the hypocenter pattern. P axes strike N20°W to N25°W, in accord with a regional stress direction due to relative motion of the Pacific and North American Plates. No mapped fault can be identified as the surface expression of the zone. The area of the DSZ is adequate to generate a magnitude 5+ earthquake should it rupture in a single event, and an ML 5.6±earthquake on 29 April 1945 in the Cascades ESE of Seattle demonstrates that crustal earthquakes having such magnitudes are possible beneath the western North Cascades. The DSZ is the first crustal seismogenic structure to be identified beneath the North Cascades.
Effects of Short Term Inspiratory Muscle Training in Hospitalised Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients - An Experimental Study
Authors: Naik Varun , Nair Vishagh , S. Gautam 
Published: July 2021

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) is a progressive irreversible lung disorder characterised by air way limitation which worsens on expiration and may additionally lead to compression of small airway ensuring air trapping in the lungs and subsequent hyperinflation. <strong>Objective:</strong> to evaluate the effects of short term muscle training in hospitalised chronic obstuctive pulmanory disease patients in terms of blood pressure heart rate PFT values functional cappacity. Methods: This study was a randomized control trial. A total number of participants participated in this study was 17 (n=17) the purpose of the study was explained to the participants in their vernacular language and a written informed consent was obtained from all the subjects. <strong>Result:</strong> value&lt;0.05 was considered as significant. This shows that majority of the subjects in the sample are of the age group “51-60 years” followed by “61-70 years” 12(70.59%) subjects in the sample are males, mean BMI of subjects in the sample is 26.29 ± 5.23(kg/m2 ). 8(47.06%) of 17 subjects in the sample had normal BMI followed by 5(29.41%) had obesity and 4(23.53%) had overweight. mean respiratory rate of subjects in the sample is 24.06 ± 3.58.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
FOLKLORE OF THE PEOPLES OF DAGESTAN
Authors: Gasharova Aida Ruslanovna 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The article focuses on the genetic relationship of Dagestan people majority, which was reflected in the archaic layer of culture, on the processes of interethnic historical and cultural interrelations, which are generally characterized with a sufficient intensity in Dagestan.
Methodology: The article is a generalizing analysis of multinational Dagestan oral-poetic creativity, the statement of the positions and conclusions on the genesis and the centuries-old functioning of a unique folkloric unity in diversity.
Main Findings: Dagestan folklore material, in particular such genres as myths, legends, legends, heroic epic, heroic historical and historical songs and ballads, ritual poetry genres, unconscious lyrics, the fairy epics of its variety, parables, oral stories and anecdotes, proverbs, sayings and riddles are characterized by their commonality and mutual influences, conditioned by the historical and cultural interrelationships of Dagestan peoples.
Implications: Dagestan folklore material allows us to draw important conclusions concerning not only the peculiarities of the functioning of folklore in a particular region, but also the general theory of folklore.
Novelty: The very syncretic nature of folklore dictates the need for a complex attraction to the object of analysis of the verbal, musical, ethno-graphic and other components of this field of art, which makes it possible to more deeply and broader comprehend the above unity in diversity.
Аналіз методів визначення швидкості об’єктів систем гіркової автоматизації
Authors: Мойсеєнко В.І. , Сафін В.Т. , Жебко В.О. , Некрасов О.Л. 
Published: July 2021

Стаття присвячена дослідженню проблем модернізації систем автоматизації сортувальних гірок, зокрема в частині вимірювання швидкості скочування відчепів. Аналіз наукових публікацій з цієї проблеми на залізничному транспорті та в інших галузях техніки вказує на перспективність використання лідара як датчика первинної інформації про параметри руху вагона. Запропоновано технічне рішення системи гіркової автоматизації з використанням лідара як багатоінформаційного перетворювача
CHARACTERISTIC AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PATIENTS WITH PERFORATED PEPTIC ULCER WHO UNDERWENT OPEN SURGERY THERAPY AT DR.SOETOMO GENERAL ACADEMIC HOSPITAL, SURABAYA, INDONESIA
Authors: Rachmani Alfi Nureta , Putro Mamiek Dwi , Rahniayu Alphania 
Published: July 2021

Background: Perforated peptic ulcer is a form of complications from peptic ulcer and one of the most common emergency conditions in medicine. Objective: To describe the characteristic and histopathological features of patients with perforated peptic ulcer who underwent open surgery therapy in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive study by observing patients’ data from medical records (secondary data) at Medical Record Center of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, in 2016. Data obtained were analyzed descriptively. Results: Forty-six patients were identified (34 male, 12 female), most of them were between 56-65 years old for male and ≥66 years old for female. Majority of the subjects had a history of herbal medicine consumption (54%) as risk factors for developing perforated peptic ulcer and the most frequent comorbid diseases were diabetes and hypertension. The histopathological features found mostly were inflammation (100%), necrosis (44%), fibrosis (36%), granulation (17%) and positive Helicobacter pylori (6%). Conclusion: Majority of the subjects were male, mostly between 56-65 years old for male and ≥66 years old for female. The histopathological features showed that all subjects had inflammations.
Kiat Pembelajaran Daring di Era Covid-19 Sebagai Upaya Penerapan Psikologi Pendidikan Pada Proses Belajar Siswa SMP
Authors: Mayangsari Marina Dwi , Nurrachmah Dwi 
Published: July 2021

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman tentang kiat-kiat pembelajaran melalui penerapan teori psikologi pendidikan seperti cara mengelola stres, menemukan gaya belajar, dan cara mengatur waktu dengan menentukan skala prioritas siswa kelas VII SMP Santa Maria Banjarmasin. Tujuan diberikannya pemahaman ini adalah untuk meningkatkan prestasi siswa yang mengalami penurunan dalam pembelajaran online di masa pandemi covid-19 saat ini. Siswa membutuhkan kiat-kiat agar tetap semangat meningkatkan prestasi selama pembelajaran daring yang diterapkan oleh semua sekolah untuk mengurangi penyebaran covid-19. Siswa merasa kurang siap dalam menerima pembelajaran online karena selama ini mereka selalu menerima pembelajaran tatap muka. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan melalui seminar online (webinar) dengan tema “Kiat Pembelajaran Daring Di Era Covid-19 dengan Penerapan Teori Psikologi Pendidikan”. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah ceramah oleh narasumber tentang manajemen stres, gaya belajar, dan manajemen waktu terkait skala prioritas. Hasil yang diharapkan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah mahasiswa dapat mengaplikasikan materi yang telah disampaikan oleh narasumber dengan melakukan manajemen stres dengan baik khususnya dalam pembelajaran online sehingga proses pembelajaran dapat berjalan dengan lancar, mengetahui gaya belajar yang ada pada individu sehingga memudahkan dan meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa, serta manajemen waktu yang tepat berdasarkan penentuan skala prioritas. Kata Kunci : pembelajaran daring, penerapan teori psikologi pendidikan , siswa SMP
Investigation of the physical and mechanical properties of composite materials obtained using additive technologies
Authors: Solovei Vladyslav , Oleksyshen V. Vitalii 
Published: July 2021

The prevalence of polymers in all spheres of human life necessitates the creation of new more effective composite materials based on polymer matrices and reinforcing fillers, which by their characteristics meet the growing needs of society. In modern industry, production speeds are constantly increasing, so additive technologies are becoming a powerful alternative to traditional single and small-scale production.
Among the existing types of additive technologies, the method of fused deposition modeling (FDM) deserves special attention, which provides an opportunity to organize production in conditions of limited material, time and human resources. As opposite to traditional production technologies, such as injection molding, FDM allows you to create products of more complex geometric shapes, using different combinations of polymer matrices and reinforcing fillers and thus create composite materials with the required physico-mechanical, rheological and other properties. At the same time, the main advantages of FDM also cause a number of serious disadvantages, such as anisotropy of the properties of finished products, printing defects that lead to increased yields of defective products, uneven physical and mechanical properties etc. In particular, the anisotropy of the properties of FDM-printed products results in significantly lower strength of the parts in the transverse direction to the 3D printing direction (strand overlay direction) compared to the longitudinal one, and the discontinuity of the reinforcing fibers in the strands of polymeric material leads to reduced strength.
The main areas of research to modernize the process of manufacturing products on a 3D printer using the FDM method are: modernization of components and structures of 3D printers to improve the melting process and layering of materials, aimed at improving print quality and speed, as well as reducing defective yield products; improving the properties of raw materials and creating composite materials to improve the quality of finished products and their characteristics, such as electrical, chemical, mechanical, thermal, environmental, etc .; development of new biopolymers, technologies of their production and use for 3D-printing, which in the future are planned to be used in the creation of bionic parts of human bodies, etc.
To overcome the main shortcomings of FDM technology, it is proposed to modernize the method of 3D printing and the extruder unit of the 3D printer, which allows to create composite materials directly (directly in the extruder), using different combinations of polymer matrices and solid reinforcing fibers.
Determination of the mechanical properties of 3d-printed polymer products by methods of structural mechanics
Authors: Solovei Vladislav , Karvatskii Аnton , Lazarev Taras , Mikulionok Іgor , Omelchuk Iryna 
Published: July 2021

Mathematical models of stress-strain state (SSS) for modeling tests of polymer composite samples obtained by fused deposition modeling (FDM) in approximations of isotropic and orthotropic media are formulated. An algorithm for solving the inverse SSS problem to determine the effective mechanical properties in the orthotropic approximation of composite products printed by the FDM method has been developed. Numerical models have been developed to solve inverse SSS problems to determine the effective orthotropic mechanical properties of composite products with different degrees of reinforcement, obtained using additive technologies based on the FDM method. The grid convergence of the developed numerical models by the method of double recalculation is investigated. It is established that the used mesh of geometric models of product samples leads to errors in determining the vector of the modulus of elasticity in the range of 0–3.19%, and the vector of the shear modulus does not exceed 0.05–0.2%. Numerical experiments to determine the effective mechanical properties of samples of composite polymeric materials in the approximation of orthotropic homogeneous medium were performed. The obtained results are compared with the data of calculations by analytical dependences to determine the effective mechanical properties of composite materials. It is shown that the results of numerical studies agree satisfactorily with the corresponding data obtained from analytical dependences in the range of 0.081–5.696%. It is established that all three components of the vectors of modulus of elasticity and shear increase with the degree of reinforcement. The largest increase is observed for the components of vectors and , which is due to the reinforcement in the direction , and the difference between the values ​​of the components of vectors and and and is due to the cross-sectional asymmetry of the strand. Dependences for operative prediction of effective orthotropic mechanical properties of composites based on PLA + KEVLAR 29 within the limits of change in the volume fraction of reinforcing fibers up to 5% are obtained. To develop new composite materials with predetermined properties, it is not necessary to perform multivariate, rather complex and cumbersome numerical experiments in solving the inverse SSS problem.
Contextualization of Qiwamah Meaning: Reflection on Abdullah Saeed, Application and Consistency
Authors: Musfiroh Mayadina Rohmi , Syamsuddin Sahiron 
Published: July 2021

<p class="06IsiAbstrak"><em>Textual interpretation potentially emerges conflict because it denies the social cultural context in which Al-Qur’an is used a way of life in the present context. Especially if the verse interpreted textually is related to the division of roles and rights that must be fulfilled in a family relationship. This article aims to examine the principles of interpretation, application and consistency of Saeed’s contextual interpretation in the qiwamah verse. This research is a library research with a data collection model and is presented in an analytical descriptive. The results of this study found that: First, Saeed’s contribution in contextual interpretation was a theoretical-methodological contribution by establishing nine principles in treating texts. Secondly, Saeed has applied three hermeneutical stages in interpreting verses related to male and female relationship, but it is not entirely consistent with the contextual interpretation model he initiated, especially in the third (meaning for the first recipient) and the fourth (meaning for the present). He explores the opinions of pre-modern to modern scholars more to describe the shift in context and the possibility of radically changing interpretation but he tends not to convey his personal opinion regarding the meaning of qiwamah. </em></p>