bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bharat Forge: entrepreneurial leadership triumphs disruptive times
Authors: Gupta Praveen 
Published: December 2021

Theoretical basis
There had been many pieces of research on international expansion approaches, and they continued to grow. However, research about the firms belonging to emerging nations and that went global were still in the early stages. It had been argued that most theories on international expansion had focused on explaining the internationalization of large firms, majorly originating in developed countries. This case study offers an intriguing reading about an Indian MNC, successfully entering the developed markets and competing thereof amidst tough and complex world. Moreover, the leaders like Baba Kalyani met the stiff challenge from complexities and disruption successfully through entrepreneurial mindset. The case study offers insights into “Creating Value Through Entrepreneurial Leadership Framework”.

Research methodology
The case study has been developed through secondary data sources. The published online resources, the firm's annual reports formed the basis of the research work. Author accessed online news articles, auto component industry experts' views and reports from global consultancy firms, and auto industry body such as SIAM (Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers) reports helped the research. The views and interviews by promoters of the company are available online for deeper insights and analysis.

Case overview/synopsis
An Indian multinational, Bharat Forge Limited (BFL), was a shining example of achieving global manufacturing standards through perseverance and entrepreneurial leadership. For more than the past four decades, BFL faced complexities, uncertainties and disruptions multiple times, and every time, the business world saw a resurgent company, Bharat Forge. The company achieved growth through diversification, related and unrelated, acquisition, product innovation, portfolio expansion and expansion in domestic and global development. Competitive market, economic slowdown, innovation and technology disruption had not deterred BFL from growing into a worldwide auto component giant. BFL overcame all hurdles with grit and enterprise. It achieved a paradigm shift with over half the revenue from non-automotive sectors such as defence, electric vehicle components, e-mobility, power electronics and aluminium light-weighting.

Complexity academic level
This case is planned for MBA students, primarily in the second half of the course curriculum. It can be executed in marketing, strategic marketing and strategic management courses. The conceptual framework pertaining to corporate strategy, global expansion, diversification, product development, innovation, disruption, market development and entrepreneurial leadership can be taught through the case. The case is suitable for MBA executive students as well, in courses mentioned above in addition to courses such as strategic leadership.
Assessing the effectiveness of accounting information systems in the era of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Al-Okaily Manaf 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the Accounting Information Systems (AIS) effectiveness on the organizational level by extending DeLone and McLean success model in developing countries like Jordan. Unlike other studies, this study investigates the effects of system quality, information quality, process quality, collaboration quality, service quality, individual performance and workgroup performance toward organizational performance during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak.

Design/methodology/approach
A self-administrated survey was used to collect data from 104 accounting managers operating in listed Jordanian firms in the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). The partial least squares-structural equation modeling method was used for data analysis.

Findings
Eight relationships were tested, whereby six were supported as was expected. Particularly, the empirical results reveal that individual performance is positively and significantly influenced by information quality, process quality and service quality. Furthermore, workgroup performance is positively and significantly influenced by individual performance. The results also show that organizational performance is impacted by individual performance and workgroup performance.

Originality/value
The current study is among the first empirical studies that has extended the information systems success model to evaluate AIS success during COVID-19 pandemic. This study also offers insights into the importance of AIS success among listed Jordanian firms in ASE.
YIMBY: The Latest Frontier of Gentrification
Authors: Wyly Elvin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe growth of ‘Yes In My Back Yard’ (YIMBY) activism seems at first a simple story of a new social movement led by a new generation frustrated with the housing supply shortages created by decades of Not In My Back Yard (NIMBY) conservative spatial privilege and exclusion. Yet YIMBY/NIMBY dialectics reflect more fundamental transformations of intergenerational inequalities between past and present amidst today's multiple scales of intensifying competition in urban life. YIMBY movements, therefore, must be understood as part of the long history of gentrification and the current, accelerating co‐evolution of socio‐cultural change and the circulation of capital. YIMBY activism reflects a complex hybrid of a previous century's axioms of trickle‐down filtering theory and contemporary progressive moral‐ethical discourses of dynamic, diversifying lived experiences of intersectionality at the scales of individuals, families, communities, nations, and cultures. As intensified urban competition co‐evolves with diverse, recombinant axes of Western/non‐Western and colonial/decolonial relations of space and time, localized economic rent gaps become transnational, transhistorical moral rent gaps constituted through competing claims for inclusion into the inherent exclusivity of capitalizable property rights. YIMBY activism reveals the evolutionary frontiers of escalating competition legitimating itself on a gentrifying urban planet.
The pikas of China: a review of current research priorities and challenges for conservation
Authors: LAMBERT Joseph P. , ZHANG Xiaozheng , SHI Kun , RIORDAN Philip 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOf the approximately 30 extant species of pika (Ochotona; Ochotonidae; Lagomorpha), at least 23 occur in China. Of these, 8 are endemic, and 3 are classified as Endangered by the IUCN. Research into most Chinese species is scarce, and there is much to learn about basic aspects of their ecology. We reviewed the literature on the 23 Chinese Ochotona species, with the aim of highlighting knowledge gaps and biases in research allocation. Specifically, we identify (1) which pika species receive the most attention from researchers, (2) which topics are the most frequently studied, and (3) how well research satisfies conservation priorities. We covered a total of 879 articles, most of which were written in English or Chinese. Around 75% of all publications focused on the plateau pika Ochotona curzoniae. Seven species were represented by 10 or fewer publications each. Endangered and endemic species were particularly poorly represented. 204 papers treated pikas as a pest, while 13 studied conservation issues. Nine species were considered possible targets for pest control, including some poorly known endemics. We make some recommendations on how research into Chinese Ochotona could be improved, including: (1) recognizing that the current species‐level taxonomy may be an ineffective way to prioritize conservation research in Ochotona, (2) directing more research toward threatened and endemic species, subspecies, and populations, (3) researching the ecosystem engineering effects of pikas, (4) collecting basic data on natural history of the many understudied species, and (5) researching threats, including climate change and pest control campaigns.
Population genomics provides insights into the evolution and adaptation of tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) in China
Authors: REN Yue , JIA Ting , ZHANG Hao , ZHU Wanlong , WANG Zhengkun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPhysiological adaptation of tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) to changing environmental temperature has been reported in detail. However, the T. belangeri origin (mainland or island), population history, and adaptation to historical climate change remain largely unknown or controversial. Here, for the first time, we sequenced the simplified genome of 134 T. belangeri individuals from 12 populations in China and further resequenced one individual from each population. Using population genomic approaches, we first observed considerable genetic variation in T. belangeri. Moreover, T. belangeri populations formed obvious genetic structure and reflected different demographic histories; they generally exhibited high genetic diversity, although the isolated populations had relatively low genetic diversity. The results presented in this study indicate that T. b. modesta and T. b. tonquinia were separated recently and with a similar population dynamics. Second, physical barriers rather than distance were the driving factors of divergence, and environmental heterogeneity may play an important role in genetic differentiation in T. belangeri. Moreover, our analyses highlight the role of historical global climates in the T. belangeri population dynamics and indicate that the decrease of the T. belangeri population size may be due to the low temperature. Finally, we identified the olfaction‐associated adaptive genes between different altitude populations and found that olfactory‐related genes of high‐altitude populations were selectively eliminated. Our study provides demographic history knowledge of T. belangeri; their adaption history offers new insights into their evolution and adaptation, and provides valuable baseline information for conservation measures.
How do trained panelists characterize baby leafy greens? A comparison of descriptive analysis and Napping
Authors: O'Brien Regina , Simon James E. , Tepper Beverly J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBaby leafy greens are one of the fastest growing segments of the salad green market. Baby leafy greens are generally more mild tasting than their fully‐mature counterparts. Nevertheless, a diversity of plant species can be grown as baby greens, which exhibit a wide range of sensory attributes. Sensory profiles of baby leaf varieties have not been well described in the literature. This study aimed to describe the differences between several baby leafy green varieties from the plant family Brassicaceae and those which were non‐Brassicaceae, and to compare two descriptive methods, traditional descriptive analysis (DA) and Napping, a rapid profiling technique. Both methods used the same trained panelists. In the first study, the panel (n = 11) developed a lexicon for and evaluated four samples grown in a controlled aeroponic environment. In the second study, 12 commercially available samples were evaluated with DA (n = 8) and Napping (n = 11). Panelists identified differences in the pungency, bitterness, and ‘‘green’’ attributes across all samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to model associations between the samples and the sensory attributes. The PCA extracted three factors. PC1 ranged from pungent qualities to sweet/grassy, PC2 included green color, and PC3 included saltiness and sourness. The Napping showed similar sample separation (RV = 0.67), but included relevant textural terms (‘‘chewy’’; ‘‘rubbery’’) not used in the DA. The current lexicon can be applied to a large range of baby leafy greens. Napping showed good correspondence with DA and can be deployed with agricultural products where time and other resources may be limited.Practical ApplicationSensory evaluation methods have traditionally been applied in the food industry with processed products.While traditional methods such as descriptive analysis have been used to profile products, rapid and inexpensive profiling methods should be screened for their value in describing agricultural products. The results of this study can be applied to breeding and grow‐out programs to aid in optimization of the processing,storage, and quality control for the rapidly expanding baby leafy green market.
Water is a preservative of microbes
Authors: Hallsworth John E. 
Published: December 2021

SummaryWater is the cellular milieu, drives all biochemistry within Earth’s biosphere and facilitates microbe‐mediated decay processes. Instead of reviewing these topics, the current article focuses on the activities of water as a preservative—its capacity to maintain the long‐term integrity and viability of microbial cells—and identifies the mechanisms by which this occurs. Water provides for, and maintains, cellular structures; buffers against thermodynamic extremes, at various scales; can mitigate events that are traumatic to the cell membrane, such as desiccation–rehydration, freeze–thawing and thermal shock; prevents microbial dehydration that can otherwise exacerbate oxidative damage; mitigates against biocidal factors (in some circumstances reducing ultraviolet radiation and diluting solute stressors or toxic substances); and is effective at electrostatic screening so prevents damage to the cell by the intense electrostatic fields of some ions. In addition, the water retained in desiccated cells (historically referred to as ‘bound’ water) plays key roles in biomacromolecular structures and their interactions even for fully hydrated cells. Assuming that the components of the cell membrane are chemically stable or at least repairable, and the environment is fairly constant, water molecules can apparently maintain membrane geometries over very long periods provided these configurations represent thermodynamically stable states. The spores and vegetative cells of many microbes survive longer in the presence of vapour‐phase water (at moderate‐to‐high relative humidities) than under more‐arid conditions. There are several mechanisms by which large bodies of water, when cooled during subzero weather conditions remain in a liquid state thus preventing potentially dangerous (freeze–thaw) transitions for their microbiome. Microbial life can be preserved in pure water, freshwater systems, seawater, brines, ice/permafrost, sugar‐rich aqueous milieux and vapour‐phase water according to laboratory‐based studies carried out over periods of years to decades and some natural environments that have yielded cells that are apparently thousands, or even (for hypersaline fluid inclusions of mineralized NaCl) hundreds of millions, of years old. The term preservative has often been restricted to those substances used to extend the shelf life of foods (e.g. sodium benzoate, nitrites and sulphites) or those used to conserve dead organisms, such as ethanol or formaldehyde. For living microorganisms however, the ultimate preservative may actually be water. Implications of this role are discussed with reference to the ecology of halophiles, human pathogens and other microbes; food science; biotechnology; biosignatures for life and other aspects of astrobiology; and the large‐scale release/reactivation of preserved microbes caused by global climate change.
Overcoming the pitfalls of merging dietary metabarcoding into ecological networks
Authors: Cuff Jordan P. , Windsor Fredric M. , Tercel Maximillian P. T. G. , Kitson James J. N. , Evans Darren M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe construction of increasingly detailed species interaction networks is extending the potential applications of network ecology, providing an opportunity to understand complex eco‐evolutionary interactions, ecosystem service provision and the impacts of environmental change on ecosystem functioning. Dietary metabarcoding is a rapidly growing tool increasingly used to construct ecological networks of trophic interactions, enabling the determination of individual animal diets including difficult‐to‐distinguish prey taxa and even for species where traditional dietary analyses are unsuitable (e.g. fluid feeders and small invertebrates).Several challenges, however, surround the use of dietary metabarcoding, especially when metabarcoding‐based interactions are merged with observation‐based species interaction data.We describe the difficulties surrounding the quantification of species interactions, sampling perspective discrepancy (i.e. zoocentric vs. phytocentric sampling), experimental biases, reference database omissions and assumptions regarding direct and indirect consumption events.These problems are not, however, insurmountable. Effective experimental design and data curation with appropriate attention paid to these problems renders the incorporation of dietary metabarcoding into ecological network analysis a powerful tool for the construction of highly resolved networks. Throughout, we discuss how these problems should be addressed when merging data to construct ecological networks.
Sex differences in acute cannabis effects revisited: Results from two randomized, controlled trials
Authors: Arkell Thomas R. , Kevin Richard C. , Vinckenbosch Frederick , Lintzeris Nicholas , Theunissen Eef , Ramaekers Johannes G. , McGregor Iain S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSome evidence suggests that males and females may differ in their responses to acute cannabis effects, including subjective drug effects and behavioural effects, and cannabinoid pharmacokinetics. This is significant given current changes to cannabis‐related policies and, in consequence, increased cannabis accessibility. The present study combines data from two randomized controlled trials to investigate possible differences among males (n = 21) and females (n = 19) in the acute effects of vaporized cannabis containing 13.75 mg Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), with and without cannabidiol (CBD; 13.75 mg). To control for differences in the timing of assessments, peak (or peak change from baseline) scores were calculated for a range of measures including subjective drug effects, cognitive performance, cardiovascular effects, and plasma concentrations of THC, CBD, and their respective primary metabolites. While THC elicited robust and significant changes in all but one outcome measure relative to placebo, relatively few sex differences were observed after controlling for BMI and plasma THC concentrations. Relative to females, males performed better overall on a divided attention task (DAT) and had higher peak plasma concentrations of 11‐nor‐9‐carboxy‐THC (11‐COOH‐THC). Males and females did not differ with respect to plasma concentrations of any other analyte, subjective drug effects, or cardiovascular measures. These data indicate an absence of systematic sex differences in acute cannabis effects given a moderate dose of vaporized cannabis. They do not preclude the possibility that sex differences may emerge with higher THC doses or with other commonly used routes of administration (e.g., orally administered oils or edibles).
Evidence of facilitation between early‐successional tree species and the regenerating plant community in a tropical seasonally dry environment
Authors: Sales Lucas Diego , Pereira de Oliveira Dayana Maria , Dantas Carvalho Ellen Cristina , Soares Arlete Aparecida , Boscaini Zandavalli Roberta 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEarly‐successional tree species may facilitate the establishment of the regenerating plant community in semi‐arid environments by creating more favourable microenvironments and reducing environmental stress. However, it is not clear how these tree species can influence morphofunctional and physiological responses of the regenerating plant community. In field conditions, we used three early‐successional tree species in the adult stage (Combretum leprosum, Cenostigma bracteosum and Mimosa tenuiflora) as potential facilitators, and two regenerating ones as target species (Cordia oncocalyx and Croton blanchetianus). We then evaluated the effect of the former on the leaf anatomy, physiology and growth of the latter. We found that C. leprosum and C. bracteosum acted as facilitators, resulting in a 55% and 22% reduction in solar radiation in the rainy season, and an 11% and 10% reduction in the dry season, respectively. In addition, we observed a higher soil moisture under the canopy of nurse species, especially under C. leprosum, which showed an increase of over 38% in gravimetric water content in the rainy and dry seasons. These results favoured gas exchange (CO2 uptake, stomatal conductance and transpiration) and growth in Cordia oncocalyx and C. blanchetianus. Furthermore, we did not observe any stress reduction under the canopy of M. tenuiflora and in the open area, where target species showed reduced gas exchange and growth. The positive morphological and ecophysiological responses of the target species under C. leprosum and C. bracteosum reinforce the importance of studying microenvironments created by early‐successional tree species. This way, we can understand the mechanisms promoting facilitation and the influence of this positive interaction on the restructuring process of the plant community in a semi‐arid environment.
Quo vadis, Brazil? Environmental Malgovernance under Bolsonaro and the Ambiguous Role of the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Bastos Lima Mairon G. , Da Costa Karen 
Published: December 2021

Brazil has continuously been in the international spotlight, first as an emerging economy improving social inclusion and sustainable development, then suddenly as a global pariah on environmental governance. Using two case studies – the rising deforestation of the Amazon and the 2019 oil spill on Brazil's Northeast coast – we examine the Bolsonaro administration in the context of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, to reveal a combination of misgovernance and malgovernance, where transgressions are intentional. The article develops these analytical concepts, explores how environmental malgovernance in Brazil may be addressed and discusses how Bolsonaro's malpractices are internationally challenged, but also condoned.
Using Position‐Based Dynamics for Simulating Mitral Valve Closure and Repair Procedures
Authors: Walczak Lars , Georgii Joachim , Tautz Lennart , Neugebauer Mathias , Wamala Isaac , Sündermann Simon , Falk Volkmar , Hennemuth Anja 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo achieve the best treatment of mitral valve disease in a patient, surgeons aim to optimally combine complementary surgical techniques. Image‐based in silico simulation as well as visualization of the mitral valve dynamics can support the visual analysis of the patient‐specific valvular dynamics and enable an exploration of different therapy options. The usage in a time‐constrained clinical environment requires a mitral valve model that is cost‐effective, easy to set up, parameterize and evaluate. Working towards this goal, we develop a simplified model of the mitral valve and analyse its applicability for the sketched use‐case. We propose a novel approach to simulate the mitral valve with position‐based dynamics. The resulting mitral valve model can be deformed to simulate the closing and opening, and incorporate changes caused by virtual interventions in the simulation. Ten mitral valves were reconstructed from transesophageal echocardiogram sequences of patients with normal and abnormal physiology for evaluation. Simulation results showed good agreements with expert annotations of the original image data and reproduced valve closure in all cases. In four of five pathological cases, abnormal closing behaviour was correctly reproduced. In future research, we aim to improve the parameterization of the model in terms of biomechanical correctness and perform a more extensive validation.