bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for a scoping review on rehabilitation among individuals who experience homelessness and traumatic brain injury
Authors: Chan Vincy , Estrella Maria Jennifer , Babineau Jessica , Colantonio Angela 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionRehabilitation is key to improving outcomes and quality of life after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, individuals experiencing homelessness are rarely represented in research that informs evidence-based rehabilitation guidelines even though TBI is disproportionately prevalent among this population. This protocol is for a scoping review to explore the extent to which rehabilitation, including the types of rehabilitation interventions, is available to, or used by, individuals who experience homelessness and TBI to inform (1) opportunities to integrate rehabilitation for individuals experiencing homelessness and TBI, (2) considerations for existing clinical and practice guidelines for rehabilitation and (3) recommendations for future research.Methods and analysisThe scoping review will be guided by six stages described in scoping review methodology frameworks. Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase and Embase Classic, Cochrane CENTRAL Register of Clinical Trials, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, and Nursing and Allied Health), reference list of included articles and scoping or systematic reviews identified from the search and grey literature, defined as reports from relevant brain injury, housing and rehabilitation organisations, will be searched. Two reviewers will independently screen all articles based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A descriptive numerical summary of data items will be provided and qualitative content analytic techniques will be used to identify and report common themes. Preliminary findings will be shared with stakeholders to seek feedback on the implications of the results.Ethics and disseminationEthics review will not be required, as only publicly available data will be analysed. Findings from the scoping review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific meetings and to stakeholders, defined as service providers in the housing and TBI sectors; health professionals who provide care for individuals with TBI and/or homelessness; health administrators, decision-makers and policy-makers; researchers; and caregivers or family members of individuals with lived experience of TBI and homelessness.
Malnutrition and contributing factors among newborns delivered at the University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gonete Almaz Tefera , Alemu Tewodros Getaneh , Mekonnen Eskedar Getie , Takele Wubet Worku 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of various indicators of malnutrition (stunting, wasting, low birth weight, concurrent stunting and wasting, overweight/obesity and double burden malnutrition) among newborns and to investigate factors associated with these nutritional disorders.MethodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 10 March through to May 2020. A total of 419 newborns were recruited into the study to estimate the prevalence of low birth weight and stunting. After excluding 28 newborns whose length was less than 45 cm, 394 newborn–mother dyads were approached to estimate wasting and overweight/obesity. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select participants. All independent variables were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model and variables that had significant associations were identified based on a p value.ResultsA very small proportion of the newborns 2.5% (0.9% to 4.1%) were concurrently wasted and stunted. The prevalence rates of low birth weight and wasting were 20.8% (16.8% to 24.6%) and 10.9% (7.82% to 14.01%), respectively. The magnitude of overweight/obesity was 12.7% (9.3% to 15.9%) where 2.8% (1.1% to 4.4%) of newborns have the double burden of malnutrition. Having a father with a primary level of education 2.82 (1.19 to 6.65) and being stunted at birth 3.17 (1.6 to 6.0) were variables that were associated with increased odds of low birth weight. The odds of being overweight/obese are significantly higher among newborns born to mothers who are urban dwellers 0.35 (0.12 to 0.99).ConclusionsThe study underscores that malnutrition is a pressing public health concern that demands due emphasis. Fathers’ educational status (low level) and being stunted are associated with a high burden of low birth weight. Mothers’ residency (being urban) is associated with an elevated risk of overweight/obesity among newborns. Thus, improving the health literacy of fathers and preventing stunting at birth are recommended to mitigate low birth weight.
Development and evaluation of guidelines for prevention of retraumatisation in torture survivors during surgical care: protocol for a multistage qualitative study
Authors: Schippert Ana Carla , Grov Ellen Karine , Dahl-Michelsen Tone , Silvola Juha , Sparboe-Nilsen Bente , Danielsen Stein Ove , Aaland Mariann , Bjørnnes Ann Kristin 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionHealthcare professionals working in somatic departments are not trained to recognise signs of torture or provide appropriate healthcare to torture survivors, which may result in retraumatisation during surgical treatment.Methods and analysisThis protocol outlines a four-stage qualitative-method strategy for the development and evaluation of guidelines for prevention of retraumatisation of torture survivors during surgical care. The systematic search for literature review in stages 1 and 2 was conducted in August 2019 and March 2021, respectively, using nine databases. The search strategies employed in stage 1, without imposing any date limits, resulted in the inclusion of eight studies that addressed inadequate healthcare strategies associated with retraumatisation. The clinical guidelines review in stage 2 will include publications from 2000 onwards, which will be appraised using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation Version II instrument. Following multi-institutional recruitment in Norway, stage 3 will explore survivors’ experiences of receiving surgical treatment using indepth interviews (n=8–12), which will be audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using the interpretative phenomenological analysis approach. In stage 4a, based on the findings from stages 1, 2 and 3, a set of clinical guidelines for preventing retraumatisation during surgical treatment will be developed. Next, the feasibility and acceptability of the guidelines will be assessed in stage 4b in three interdisciplinary focus group interviews (n=5 per group) and text condensation analyses.Ethics and disseminationThe Regional (South-East C) Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics approved the study in May 2021 (#227624). In stages 3 and 4, an informational letter and an informed consent form will be distributed to the participants to sign before the interview. The study results will be disseminated through publications, conference presentations, and national and local public forums to healthcare professionals, service managers, policymakers and refugee-supporting agencies.
Physicians’ clinical experience and its association with healthcare quality: a systematised review
Authors: Ajmi Soffien Chadli , Aase Karina 
Published: November 2021

Background and purposeThere is conflicting evidence regarding whether physicians’ clinical experience affects healthcare quality. Knowing whether an association exists and which dimensions of quality might be affected can help healthcare services close quality gaps by tailoring improvement initiatives according to physicians’ clinical experience. Here, we present a systematised review that aims to assess the potential association between physicians’ clinical experience and different dimensions of healthcare quality.MethodsWe conducted a systematised literature review, including the databases MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and PubMed. The search strategy involved combining predefined terms that describe physicians’ clinical experience with terms that describe different dimensions of healthcare quality (ie, safety, clinical effectiveness, patient-centredness, timeliness, efficiency and equity). We included relevant, original research published from June 2004 to November 2020.ResultsFifty-two studies reporting 63 evaluations of the association between physicians’ clinical experience and healthcare quality were included in the final analysis. Overall, 27 (43%) evaluations found a positive or partially positive association between physicians’ clinical experience and healthcare quality; 22 (35%) found no association; and 14 (22%) evaluations reported a negative or partially negative association. We found a proportional association between physicians’ clinical experience and quality regarding outcome measures that reflect safety, particularly in the surgical fields. For other dimensions of quality, no firm evidence was found.ConclusionWe found no clear evidence of an association between measures of physicians’ clinical experience and overall healthcare quality. For outcome measures related to safety, we found that physicians’ clinical experience was proportional with safer care, particularly in surgical fields. Our findings support efforts to secure adequate training and supervision for early-career physicians regarding safety outcomes. Further research is needed to reveal the potential subgroups in which gaps in quality due to physicians’ clinical experience might exist.
Results of watchful waiting of unruptured intracranial aneurysms in a Western patient population: a single-center cohort
Authors: Aubertin Mathilde , Jourdaine Clément , Thépenier Cédric , Labeyrie Marc-Antoine , Civelli Vittorio , Saint-Maurice Jean-Pierre , Guédon Alexis , Houdart Emmanuel 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe natural history of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) in Western populations is still debated, especially for those <7 mm. Reporting data of a large single-center cohort managed with watchful waiting is therefore interesting.MethodsFrom January 2011 to June 2019, 662 UIAs were followed up by yearly MR angiography. Morphologically stable UIAs were managed conservatively while unstable UIAs were offered treatment. The patients’ clinical and radiological data were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsUIAs were ≤4 mm in 60%, 4.1–7.0 mm in 33%, and >7 mm in 7%. They were located on the anterior circulation in 90% of cases. The mean follow-up duration was 51.32 months for a total of 2831 aneurysm-years. During follow-up, 37 UIAs (5.5%) were treated because of an increase in size, and 8 UIAs were treated because of patient decision. Three aneurysms ruptured during follow-up for an annual risk of rupture of 0.1% (95% CI 0% to 0.24%). No risk factors for rupture were identified. The three ruptured cases made an excellent recovery. During follow-up, annual mortality from unrelated causes was 0.8% (95% CI 0.51% to 1.18%).ConclusionsThis single-center cohort evaluated our watchful waiting policy applied in two-thirds of all incidental UIAs. Morphological change of UIAs during follow-up led to treatment in 5.5% of cases. With such a management paradigm, we found a low rupture rate in these selected UIAs and the mortality was unrelated to aneurysms.
Impact of axial spondyloarthritis on mental health in Europe: results from the EMAS study
Authors: Garrido-Cumbrera Marco , Gálvez-Ruiz David , Delgado-Domínguez Carlos J , Poddubnyy Denis , Navarro-Compán Victoria , Christen Laura , Mahapatra Raj , Makri Souzi , Bundy Christine 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveTo determine the presence of mental disorder risk and associated factors in European patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).MethodsData from 2,166 patients with axSpA in 12 European countries were collected from 2017 to 2018 through the European Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis online survey. Risk of mental disorders was assessed using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Possible predictors included age, gender, relationship status, patient organisation membership, job status, educational level, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), functional limitation (0–54) and self-reported depression or anxiety. Bivariate analyses were conducted to determine predictors of risk of mental disorders (Mann-Whitney and χ2) and multivariable analysis identified factors associated with risk of mental disorders.Results60.7% of patients reported risk of mental disorders: they were younger (41.7 vs 46.0 years), more likely female (68.2% vs 57.9%), unemployed (7.5% vs 2.7%), on temporary (15.9% vs 5.4%) or permanent sick leave (13.2% vs 8.0%), reported depression (45.2% vs 14.2%) or anxiety (41.3% vs 12.5%), higher disease activity (BASDAI ≥4; 87.6% vs 62.3%) and functional limitation (16.5 vs 10.8). The factors most associated with risk of mental disorders were disease activity (OR=2.80), reported depression (OR=2.42), anxiety (OR=2.39), being unemployed or on sick leave (OR=1.98), functional limitation (OR=1.02) and younger age (OR=0.97).ConclusionsCompared with the general population, patients with axSpA show disproportionately worse mental health associated mainly with disease activity and employment status. Healthcare professionals should pay close attention to patients with high disease activity and address internally or refer to specialist services, where appropriate to ensure optimal patient outcomes.
A new scoring system for use in capture–recapture studies for bowhead whales photographed with drones
Authors: Koski William R. , Young Brent G. 
Published: November 2021

Effective management of animal populations requires knowledge of life history parameters and estimates of population abundance. One method commonly used to estimate abundance is capture–recapture analyses of photographs. Small, relatively inexpensive, rotary-wing drones have become an effective platform for obtaining high-quality aerial photographs of whales. To conduct capture–recapture analyses the animal needs to be defined as marked or unmarked and the photographs must be of high quality. While a system for scoring quality and markedness has previously been developed for bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus Linnaeus, 1758) ( Rugh et al. 1998 . Rep. int. Whal. Commn. 48: 501–512), a revised scoring system was needed to incorporate increased information in photographs taken by drones. We present a revised scoring system that enlarges two of the previously defined areas of the whale examined for markings and incorporates smaller markings into the definition of marked whales. We scored 30 whales using the previous criteria and the revised criteria developed in this paper. More whales were identified as marked (23%) and mark scores were higher for 30% of the zones scored using the new system. Increasing the number of marked whales during capture–recapture studies increases the precision of estimated parameters and permits us to make those estimates with smaller samples of photographs.
User identification system for inked fingerprint pattern based on central moments
Authors: Baker Esraa Jaffar , Alazawi Sundos Abdulameer , Ahmed Nada Thanoon , Arfian Ismail Mohd , Hassan Rohayanti , Halim Shahliza Abd , Sutikno Tole 
Published: November 2021

The <span>use of the fingerprint recognition has been and remains very important in many security applications and licensing systems. Fingerprint recognition is required in many areas such as licensing access to networks, corporate computers and organizations. In this paper, the system of fingerprint recognition that can be used in several cases of fingerprint such as being rounded at an angle by a randomly inked fingerprint on paper. So, fingerprint image is tooked at a different angle in order to identify the owner of the ink fingerprint. This method involves two working levels. The first one, the fingerprint pattern's shape features are calculated based on the central moments of each image being listed on a regular basis with three states rotation. Each image is rotated at a specified angle. In the second level, the fingerprint holder entered is identified using the previously extracted shape features and compared to the three local databases content of three rotation states. When applied the method for several persons by taken their inked fingerprint on the paper, the accuracy of the system in identifying the owner of the fingerprint after rotation states were close to 83.71.</span>
A Game Theoretic Analysis of Competition Between Vaccine and Drug Companies during Disease Contraction and Recovery
Authors: Hausken Kjell , Ncube Mthuli 
Published: November 2021

Background Infectious diseases such as COVID-19 and HIV/AIDS are behaviorally challenging for persons, vaccine and drug companies, and donors. Methods In 3 linked games in which a disease may or may not be contracted, [Formula: see text] persons choose risky or safe behavior (game 1). Two vaccine companies (game 2) and 2 drug companies (game 3) choose whether to develop vaccines and drugs. Each person chooses whether to buy 1 vaccine (if no disease contraction) or 1 drug (if disease contraction). A donor subsidizes vaccine and drug developments and purchases. Nature probabilistically chooses disease contraction, recovery versus death with and without each drug, and whether vaccines and drugs are developed successfully. COVID-19 data are used for parameter estimation. Results Each person chooses risky behavior if its utility outweighs safe behavior, accounting for nature’s probability of disease contraction which depends on how many are vaccinated. Each person buys a vaccine or drug if the companies produce them and if their utilities (accounting for side effects and virus mutation) outweigh the costs, which may be subsidized by a sponsor. Discussion Drug purchases depend on nature’s recovery probability exceeding the probability in the absence of a drug. Each company develops and produces a vaccine or drug if nature’s probability of successful development is high, if sufficiently many persons buy the vaccine or drug at a sales price that sufficiently exceeds the production price, and if the donor sponsors. Conclusion Accounting for all players’ interlinked decisions allowing 14 outcomes, which is challenging without a game theoretic analysis, the donor maximizes all persons’ expected utilities at the societal level to adjust how persons’ purchases and the companies’ development and production are subsidized. Highlights A game theoretic approach can help explain the production decisions of vaccine and drug companies, and the decisions of persons and a donor, impacted by Nature. In 3 linked games, N persons choose risky behavior if its utility outweighs safe behavior. Vaccine and drug companies develop vaccines and drugs sponsored by a donor if profitable, allowing 14 outcomes.
P-element Induced WImpy protein-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2 regulates tumor cell progression, apoptosis, and metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Sen , Yang Song , Li Fang , Hou Jingying , Chang Hong 
Published: November 2021

Objective P-element Induced WImpy protein-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2 (PIWIL2) is a reported oncogene strongly associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the potential function of PIWIL2 in oral cancer is still largely unclear. Methods In this study, we investigated the clinical significance of PIWIL2 expression in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines and tissues. We also examined its function in OSCC pathogenesis by knocking down PIWIL2 expression with short hairpin RNAs, followed by phenotypic experiments focused on cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and apoptosis rates. Results We found that PIWIL2 was overexpressed in OSCC cell lines and tissues and significantly correlated with the malignancy stage. Furthermore, knockdown of PIWIL2 in a human OSCC cell line Tca8113 induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Silencing PIWIL2 expression also significantly suppressed the migration and invasion abilities of Tca8113 cells. Conclusions Collectively, our results suggest a functional role of PIWIL2 in regulating OSCC pathogenesis. Our data imply that PIWIL2 could serve as a potential therapeutic target for OSCC treatment.
Evaluation of the risk factors for antepartum hemorrhage in cases of placenta previa: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kuribayashi Momoko , Tsuda Hiroyuki , Ito Yumiko , Tezuka Atsuko , Ando Tomoko , Tamakoshi Koji , Mizuno Kimio 
Published: November 2021

Objective The aim of this study was to examine the risk factors for antepartum hemorrhage (APH) in women with placenta previa. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the medical records of 233 women with singleton pregnancies presenting with placenta previa whose deliveries were performed at our hospital between January 2009 and July 2018. Results Of the 233 women included in this study, 130 (55.8%) had APH. In the APH group, the gestational age and neonatal birth weight were significantly lower compared with the no hemorrhage group. Maternal age <30 years and multiparity were identified as significant risk factors for APH in both the univariate and multivariate analyses. Focusing on the previous route of delivery in multiparous women, the risk of APH was significantly higher in multiparous women who had experienced at least one vaginal delivery compared with nulliparous women (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 3.42 [95% confidence interval: 1.83–6.38]). Conclusion We showed that women with placenta previa who were under 30 years old and who had a history of vaginal delivery may be at significant risk of experiencing APH.