bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unstable entropies and dimension theory of partially hyperbolic systems
Authors: Tian Xueting , Wu Weisheng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper we define unstable topological entropy for any subsets (not necessarily compact or invariant) in partially hyperbolic systems as a Carathéodory–Pesin dimension characteristic, motivated by the work of Bowen and Pesin etc. We then establish some basic results in dimension theory for Bowen unstable topological entropy, including an entropy distribution principle and a variational principle in general setting. As applications of this new concept, we study unstable topological entropy of saturated sets and extend some results in Bowen (1973 Trans. Am. Math. Soc.
184 125–36); Pfister and Sullivan (2007 Ergod. Theor. Dynam. Syst.
27 929–56). Our results give new insights to the multifractal analysis for partially hyperbolic systems.
Controlling the dynamics of ultracold polar molecules in optical tweezers
Authors: Sroczyńska Marta , Dawid Anna , Tomza Michał , Idziaszek Zbigniew , Calarco Tommaso , Jachymski Krzysztof 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ultracold molecules trapped in optical tweezers show great promise for the implementation of quantum technologies and precision measurements. We study a prototypical scenario where two interacting polar molecules placed in separate traps are controlled using an external electric field. This, for instance, enables a quantum computing scheme in which the rotational structure is used to encode the qubit states. We estimate the typical operation timescales needed for state engineering to be in the range of few microseconds. We further underline the important role of the spatial structure of the two-body states, with the potential for significant gate speedup employing trap-induced resonances.
Removal of selected pesticides from water using granular activated carbon
Authors: Ilavský J , Barloková D , Marton M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Pesticides are intensively used for the protection of field crops, orchards and vineyards, but they are also used in the removal of undesirable stands on non-agricultural land (railway embankments, playgrounds, handling areas, etc.), in water management (in coastal management, destruction of growths in irrigation canals), in forestry, etc. Regular application of pesticides increases their content in the aquatic environment and agricultural products. Their occurrence in water is relatively common and it follows that these substances are used in large quantities. Residues of these substances can persist in soils for 2 to 12 weeks. Due to their good solubility in water, they are easily transported from the soil to aquifers.
Several methods can be used to remove pesticides from water, e.g., coagulation, filtration, precipitation, ozonation, adsorption, ion exchange, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and advanced oxidation processes. Their effectiveness varies considerably and depends mainly on the chemical nature of the pesticide being removed.
This article studies adsorption on two granular activated carbons Filtrasorb 400 and Norit 1240. Mixture of the pesticide standards (acetochlor, alachlor, dimethachlor, propachlor, metazachlor and metolachlor) was added to drinking water with concentration of approximately 1 µg/L. The experiments were performed in the glass bottles with the volume of 200 mL of water. The granular activated carbons (200 mg) were added to the bottles. Subsequently these bottles were regularly stirred, and the samples were taken out at times 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 and 360 minutes. Samples were taken by pipette into the 40 ml glass vials with added thiosulphate for preservation. Analyses of target pesticides were performed in laboratories of ALS Czech Republic in Prague. LC-MS using the internal standard method was used to determine chlorinated pesticides in water samples. The adsorption efficiency of pesticides removal and the adsorption capacity of granular activated carbon depends on the time of contact of water with the material. The results showed that the efficiency of selected pesticides removal and adsorption capacity for two granular activated carbons used varied. Filtrasorb F400 proved to be a better sorption material than Norit 1240. The efficiency of this material ranged from 18 to 60%, while the efficiency of Norit 1240 was significantly lower.
Adsorption capacity of activated carbons for selected pesticides and reaction kinetics of 0th, 1st, 2nd and 3rd order was also studied.
Assessment of environmental impacts and costs during life cycle stages of selected family houses
Authors: Kridlova Burdova E , Vilcekova S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
According to the European Green Deal, climate change and environmental degradation pose an existential threat to Europe and the world. Therefore, Europe needs a new “green” strategy to transform the EU into a modern and competitive, resource-intensive economy, with zero net greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. As a result, economic growth will be decoupled from resource use. The ever-increasing requirements for the urban environment to be carbon neutral lead to the rising needs for buildings from three dimensions of sustainability. It is well known that the construction and operation of buildings are the primary consumers of energy and material resources and significant polluters of the environment during all stages of their life cycle. This paper deals with analysing environmental impacts and life cycle cost of two family houses located in Kosice, eastern Slovakia. The total greenhouse gas emissions for family house 1 generates 45.89% more CO2 emissions during its life cycle. Discounted life cycle cost of a family house 1 is 74.33% higher and nominal even 77.22% higher than the nominal life cycle cost of a family house 2.
Comparison of standard methods for determining the color of water in several countries
Authors: Kubínová T , Kyncl M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Determination of water color is one of the important indicators in assessing water quality. This article compares the available methods used to determine water color according to the international standard ISO 7887 or according to standard methods published by American organizations. The comparison takes into account the specific application of the legislation in the selected countries.
Monitoring the effectiveness of selected sorption materials in removing diclofenac from water
Authors: Moravcikova S , Biela R 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
One of the contemporary problems is the widespread use of medicaments, which leads to an increased occurrence of these substances in the environment. The efficiency of conventional treatment processes for removing drugs from water is in most cases very little, if not zero. Treatment processes for removal of drugs include adsorption on activated carbon, membrane processes, and advanced oxidation processes. Within a specific university research project, a laboratory test was performed at the Institute of Municipal Water Management of the Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology, to monitor the effectiveness of diclofenac removal by selected sorption materials. Diclofenac was chosen for this experiment as a representative of one of the most widespread groups of drugs - non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The removal of diclofenac from water was performed using columns filled with sorption materials Filtrasorb F100, GEH and Bayoxide E33. The aim of the test was to compare the selected sorption materials in terms of their effectiveness in removing diclofenac from water. From analyses of water taken at predetermined time intervals after filtration through said materials, it was found that the most suitable material for removing diclofenac from water is Filtrasorb F100.
Enzyme production by soilborne fungal strains of Aspergillus niger isolated from different localities affected by mining
Authors: Nosalj S , Šimonovičová A , Vojtková H 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The research focused on the enzyme production/activity of sixteen Aspergillus niger strains isolated from different localities. The soils vary mainly in their pH value, which ranges from an ultra-acidic (< 3.5) to a very strongly alkaline (> 9.0) environment. Contamination caused by several centuries of mining activities at old mining sites persists at all the localities. The concentrations of toxic elements, such as As, Sb, Zn, Cu and Pb, very often exceed the common limit values. Presence of toxic elements in contaminated sites may affect microscopic fungi and cause changes of their physiology, including the production of different metabolites, such as enzymes. Production of esterase, cellulase, lipase and protease was investigated. Changes in physiological properties, such as the growth and enzymatic activity of the sixteen A. niger wild type strains, were determined. Esterase, cellulase and lipase activity was not determined in the sixteen strains tested. Considerable differences were recorded in the size of the colonies also within strains cultivated on the same nutrient medium. The control strain from locality Gabčíkovo formed the smallest colonies when tracking LA, EA and PA compared with the other strains. Lipase production was determined for several strains at different intensities and was highest in the strain isolated from the uncontaminated locality Gabčíkovo. The enzymatic activity of the other strains isolated from contaminated sites was very low. The achieved results confirmed the direct influence of environmental factors on the physiological properties of the studied strains of Aspergillus niger.
Treatment and utilization of artificial aggregate in the production of cement composites
Authors: Papesch R , Macalova K , Charvat J , Dvorsky T , Vaclavik V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The aim of the work is to find a suitable way of treatment of steel ladle slag for subsequent use as a partial replacement of the binder component in cement composites. The goal is based on the raw materials policy of the Czech Republic. Within this work is solved the issue of possible use of steel slag as the largest by-product of steel production. The work is focused on a specific ladle slag from ladle furnaces, by which are equipped the modern steel plants. Ladle slag is similar in chemical composition to Portland cement. However, its mineralogical composition should be taken into account in relation to its expansion reactions and lower hydraulic activity. One of the goals is the research of effect of particle size in cement-slag mixtures. The slag was ground for research on two different specific surfaces - coarsely in a vibrating mill and finely in a ball mill. The research within the experimental part of the work verified the positive influence of ladle slag on the properties of fresh and hardened mortar mixtures. Tensile bending strengths and compressive strengths are for some mixtures with ladle slag even higher than the strengths of the reference mixtures.
Effective combination of management methods suppresses invasive Jerusalem artichoke
Authors: Švehláková H , Turčová B , Rajdus T , Plohák P , Nováková J 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The main intention of our research is to determine an effective method to suppress invasive plant populations of Helianthus tuberosus spreading uncontrollably in the territory of the Poodří Protected Landscape Area (PLA) in the Czech Republic. This article brings together the results of selected management methods from 2017-2019 (mechanical, chemical and their combination) and their effect on the growth and reproductive characteristics of Helianthus tuberosus as well as the biodiversity of the local habitats. The combination of mowing and application herbicide based on clopyralid, fluroxypyr and MCPA proves to be the most effective. The partial results have been published before [1,2]. We present a complete research overview of the Helianthus tuberosus disposal.
The dynamic coastal evidence of Jakarta Bay during Late Pleistocene-Recent
Authors: Novico F , Endyana C , Menier D , Mathew M , Kurniawan I , Bachtiar H , Ranawijaya D , Hendarmawan H 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSome significant indication identifying a coastal dynamic during Late Pleistocene to Recent is the evolution of isochrone patterns throughout glacial-interglacial stages. This study aims to identify the sediments stratification of Jakarta Bay during the Late Pleistocene – Recent in the framework of coastal dynamic triggered by the sea-level changes of last prominent climatic stages. The several high-resolution seismic records in Jakarta Bay lines were interpreted to illustrate the different sequences from the top down to the oldest by line-drawing the more robust seismic reflectors as a sequence limit surface. Furthermore, the isochrone map series of unit boundary (UB) were reconstructed to delineate isochrone contour patterns from the oldest until modern. The selected isochrones map of UB-3 and UB-5 with their unit facies are somehow favorable to be compared for observing the coastal dynamic of Jakarta Bay during the last climatic variability. Finally, the coastal dynamic of Jakarta Bay is discovered by the movement series of isochrones contour patterns that correspond to the sea-level changes during the last prominent glacial-interglacial stages.
New single vortex generation method for flame/vortex interaction using flow behind a rotating cylinder
Authors: Hazel Soufyane , Huang Yong , Ait Amirat Mokhtar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates a new experimental method to generate a single two-dimensional translated vortex for flame/vortex interaction studies. A rotating cylinder is immersed in a uniform flow and, its rotating speed is impulsively reduced. This sudden action triggers the generation of a single vortex when both the initial and the final rotation speeds are in the range of a steady-state regime. Flow visualization allows confirming the applicability of this method, while a complementary two-dimensional numerical simulation is conducted to understand the vortex formation process. A vorticity layer is detached from the cylinder, initiating a feeding process and gradual growth of a single leading vortex. The feeding process is saturated at a specific distance from the cylinder and, vortex separation from the vorticity layer is observed. At the final stage of the formation process, the generated vortex is advected away and, a steady-state regime is again established behind the cylinder. The vortex characteristics appear to be related to the normalized reduction in the rotation rate

Δ
α

, defined as the initial and final rotation rates difference normalized by the initial rotation rate. Several combinations of initial and final rotation rates corresponding to different normalized reductions are investigated experimentally and numerically. The results allow understanding the effect of this parameter; a higher normalized reduction generates a stronger, more rapidly growing vortex. However, its trajectory is related to the wake deviation corresponding to the final rotation rate.
Focusing on the relationship between the precipitated phases and the pitting corrosion of ZL101A aluminum alloy
Authors: Liu Chao , Li Qinglin , Zhang Tianyi , Ding Xiaoming , Li Xiaorong , Li Xiaogang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The pitting corrosion behavior of ZL101A aluminum alloy in simulated marine environment was investigated for guiding the composition design. The Volta potential of the precipitated phases was mainly characterized via the in situ SKPFM technique. The obtained results indicated that the precipitated phases of ZL101A were composed of Al–Si phase, Si–Mg–Fe phase and Si-rich/Al-poor phase, accelerating the formation of corrosion pits during immersion test. Both Al–Si phase and Si–Mg–Fe phase accelerated the corrosion process through the self-dissolution and the galvanic effect, respectively, which can be contributed to the high corrosion sensitivity of the two phases. Si-rich/Al-poor phase presented high corrosion resistance, which should be related to the deficiency of impure elements such as Mg and Fe.
On the derivation of a Nonlinear Generalized Langevin Equation
Authors: Di Cairano Loris 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We recast the Zwanzig’s derivation of a nonlinear generalized Langevin equation (GLE) for a heavy particle interacting with a heat bath in a more general framework. We show that it is necessary to readjust the Zwanzig’s definitions of the kernel matrix and noise vector in the GLE in order to recover the correct definition of fluctuation-dissipation theorem and to be able performing consistently the continuum limit. As shown by Zwanzig, the nonlinear feature of the resulting GLE is due to the nonlinear dependence of the equilibrium map by the heavy particle variables. Such an equilibrium map represents the global equilibrium configuration of the heat bath particles for a fixed (instantaneous) configuration of the system. Following the same derivation of the GLE, we show that a deeper investigation of the equilibrium map, considered in the Zwanzig’s Hamiltonian, is necessary. Moreover, we discuss how to get an equilibrium map given a general interaction potential. Finally, we provide a renormalization procedure which allows to divide the dependence of the equilibrium map by coupling coefficient from the dependence by the system variables yielding a more rigorous mathematical structure of the nonlinear GLE.
Numerical evaluation of the residual stresses in shot peening of alloy steels
Authors: Patanaik Mahenk Kumar , Tiwari Gaurav , Govande Akshay R , Sunil B Ratna , Dumpala Ravikumar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the present numerical study, the residual stresses generated during the shot peening process were evaluated using the finite element method. The influence of shot velocity on the residual stress distribution due to the indentation of a rigid shot over the target plate of alloy steel was studied. The finite element package ABAQUS 6.20 is used for simulating the shot peening process considering the target plate to be deformable. A parametric study was performed by introducing strain hardening rate as H1 = 800 MPa, keeping the dimension of target plate same with variation in shot velocity 20, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 m s−1 to check the behavior of residual stress distribution. As the indentation takes place over the metallic target plate, elastic-plastic deformation was observed. The indentation of the shot with a different velocity range causes the difference in the depth and size of the dent and induces the compressive residual stress. For perfectly plastic and the strain hardened material, the residual stress contour was simulated. The simulated results for strain hardened material show the significant change in the compressive residual stress in the sub-surface region of the target plate. It is evident from the results that the shot velocity has a significant effect on the residual stress distribution. The maximum compressive residual stress is achieved when the shot is indented at a velocity of 125 m s−1.
Watkins’s conjecture for elliptic curves with non-split multiplicative reduction
Authors: Caro Jerson , Pasten Hector 
Published: December 2021

Let

E
E

be an elliptic curve over the rational numbers. Watkins [Experiment. Math. 11 (2002), pp. 487–502 (2003)] conjectured that the rank of

E
E

is bounded by the

2
2

-adic valuation of the modular degree of

E
E

. We prove this conjecture for semistable elliptic curves having exactly one rational point of order

2
2

, provided that they have an odd number of primes of non-split multiplicative reduction or no primes of split multiplicative reduction.
Photochemical performance of reproductive structures in Great Basin bunchgrasses in response to soil-water availability
Authors: Hamerlynck Erik P , O’Connor Rory C 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Active restoration, especially seeding, is necessary in sagebrush steppe rangelands degraded by the spread and dominance of exotic invasive annual grasses, in part due to low, episodic seed production of native perennial bunchgrasses. In contrast, the widespread exotic bunchgrass, crested wheatgrass, readily produces viable seed cohorts. How soil-water availability affects the ecophysiology of the reproductive structures that may underlie these differences are unclear. To address this, we measured pre- and post-anthesis chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of optimal (Fv/Fm) and light-adapted PSII quantum yield (ϕ PSII) and ϕ PSII-derived electron transport rate (ETR) response to photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) in seed heads and flag leaves of watered and unwatered crested wheatgrass and squirreltail wild rye. Watering increased Fv/Fm in the sampled structures of both species, but ϕ PSII was similar between watering treatments. Pre- to post-anthesis Fv/Fm levels were maintained in crested wheatgrass seed heads but declined in flag leaves, with the opposite pattern apparent in squirreltail. Watering did not affect the ETR–PPFD response, but crested wheatgrass seed heads maintained higher ETR across saturating PPFD than did squirreltail. These findings suggest (i) photochemical efficiency is expressed in structures most closely associated with reproductive effort, and (ii) documented differences in seed head photosynthetic characteristics likely include some degree of allocation to individual floret photosynthetic capacity in addition to structural characteristics. We concluded that these physiological and structural differences may contribute to the differential ability of these species to establish from seed, and may help in effective plant material selection needed to improve restoration and conservation success in sagebrush steppe rangelands.
Joint latent space models for network data with high-dimensional node variables
Authors: Zhang Xuefei , Xu Gongjun , Zhu Ji 
Published: December 2021

Summary
Network latent space models assume that each node is associated with an unobserved latent position in a Euclidean , and such latent variables determine the probability of two nodes connecting with each other. In many applications, nodes in the network are often observed along with high-dimensional node variables, and these node variables provide important information for understanding the network structure. However, classical network latent space models have several limitations in incorporating node variables. In this paper, we propose a joint latent space model where we assume that the latent variables not only explain the network structure, but are also informative for the multivariate node variables. We develop a projected gradient descent algorithm that estimates the latent positions using a criterion incorporating both network structure and node variables. We establish theoretical properties of the estimators and provide insights into how incorporating high-dimensional node variables could improve the estimation accuracy of the latent positions. We demonstrate the improvement in latent variable estimation and the improvements in associated downstream tasks, such as missing value imputation for node variables, by simulation studies and an application to a Facebook data example.