bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and radiological response of aggressive dural arteriovenous fistula after combined glue embolization and hypofractionated helical TomoTherapy
Authors: Vuthiwong Withawat , Watcharawipha Anirut , Jia- Mahasap Bongkot , Nobnop Wannapha , Chitapanarux Imjai 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurpose:We reported the clinical and radiological outcome of an aggressive dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) after combined glue embolization and hypofractionated helical TomoTherapy (Hypo-HT).Materials and methods:Eleven patients whose radiological examinations are consistent with aggressive DAVF were treated with combined glue embolization and Hypo-HT 30–36 Gy in 5–6 fractions. The dosimetric analysis, clinical response and radiological imaging obliteration rate by magnetic resonance angiography or computed tomography angiography were investigated.Results:There were eight males and three females with a male and female ratio of 2·67. The mean age was 51·2 years old (range 37–69). Anatomical imaging sites of disease included transverse-sigmoid sinuses (n = 7), superior sagittal sinus (n = 3) and tentorium cerebelli (n = 1). The mean pitch and MF of treatment plans were 0·273 ± 0·032 and 1·70 ± 0·31, respectively. The average size of PTV were 15·39 ± 7·74 cc whereas the Reff,PTV was 1·50 ± 0·25 cm. The average Dmax and Dmin were 37·52 ± 3·34 and 31·77 ± 2·64 Gy, respectively. HI, CI and CI50 were 0·16 ± 0·06, 1·80 ± 0·56 and 7·85 ± 4·16, respectively. The Reff,Rx and Reff,50%Rx were 1·80 ± 0·24 and 2·90 ± 0·45 cm, respectively. The Reff between 50%Rx and 100%Rx was 1·10 ± 0·28 cm on average. With a mean follow up of 28·5 months (range 9–48), the complete recovery of symptoms was found in 72·7 % (eight patients) within 2–12 months after completion Hypo-HT. Partial recovery was reported in 18·2% (two patients). No clinical response was found in 9·1% (one patient). The total radiographic obliteration rate was 27·3% (three patients), subtotal obliteration was 27·3% (three patients) and partial obliteration was 45·4% (five patients).Conclusions:Satisfactory clinical response of aggressive DAVF was found in all treated patients by combining glue embolization and Hypo-HT. All dosimetric parameters were acceptable. We still need an extended follow up time to assess further radiographic obliteration rate and late side effects of the treatment.
Hospital admission at the time of a postpartum psychiatric emergency department visit: the influence of the social determinants of health
Authors: Barker Lucy C. , Bronskill Susan E. , Brown Hilary K. , Kurdyak Paul , Vigod Simone N. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Aims
Social determinants of health have the potential to influence mental health and addictions-related emergency department (ED) visits and the likelihood of admission to hospital. We aimed to determine how social determinants of health, individually and in combination, relate to the likelihood of hospital admission at the time of postpartum psychiatric ED visits.

Methods
Among 10 702 postpartum individuals (female based on health card) presenting to the ED for a psychiatric reason in Ontario, Canada (2008–2017), we evaluated the relation between six social determinants of health (age, neighbourhood quintile [Q, Q1 = lowest, Q5 = highest], rurality, immigrant category, Chinese or South Asian ethnicity and neighbourhood ethnic diversity) and the likelihood of hospital admission from the ED. Poisson regression models generated relative risks (RR, 95% CI) of admission for each social determinant, crude and adjusted for clinical severity (diagnosis and acuity) and other potential confounders. Generalised estimating equations were used to explore additive interaction to understand whether the likelihood of admission depended on intersections of social determinants of health.

Results
In total, 16.0% (n = 1715) were admitted to hospital from the ED. Being young (age 19 or less v. 40 or more: RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.45–0.82), rural-dwelling (v. urban-dwelling: RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.62–0.91) and low-income (Q1 v. Q5: RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.66–0.98) were each associated with a lower likelihood of admission. Being an immigrant (non-refugee immigrant v. Canadian-born/long-term resident: RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.06–1.56), of Chinese ethnicity (v. non-Chinese/South Asian ethnicity: RR 1.88, 95% CI 1.42–2.49); and living in the most v. least ethnically diverse neighbourhoods (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.01–1.53) were associated with a higher likelihood of admission. Only Chinese ethnicity remained significant in the fully-adjusted model (aRR 1.49, 95% CI 1.24–1.80). Additive interactions were non-significant.

Conclusions
For the most part, whether a postpartum ED visit resulted in admission from the ED depended primarily on the clinical severity of presentation, not on individual or intersecting social determinants of health. Being of Chinese ethnicity did increase the likelihood of admission independent of clinical severity and other measured factors; the reasons for this warrant further exploration.
Depression in Institutionalized Adolescents: The Role of Memories of Warmth and Safeness, Shame and Self-criticism
Authors: Santos Sara , do Céu Salvador Maria 
Published: April 2021

AbstractInstitutionalization is a current problem, related to several indicators of psychological maladjustment. In the same way, there are several studies that point to the role of shame and self-criticism in the development of psychopathology. Therefore, our study explored, in institutionalized adolescents, whether early memories of warmth and safeness (EMWS) were associated to depression through external shame and self-criticism. The sample included 171 institutionalized adolescents (60.2% girls;Mage= 15.56;SD= 1.49). Depression, EMWS, external shame and self-criticism were assessed. The EMWS didn’t show a direct effect on depression, exerting its effect indirectly through external shame and self-criticism. The relationship between EMWS and self-criticism was fully mediated by external shame, and the relationship between external shame and depression was fully mediated by self-criticism. In conclusion, the way the individual sees and relates to the self seems to impact on psychological adjustment and in the development of psychopathology. The fact that external shame and self-criticism fully mediated the relationship between EMWS and depression emphasizes the relevance of preventive and therapeutic approaches that aim to promote a healthier way of relating to the self.
Chin-Chun-Chan:Popular Sinophobia in Early Twentieth-Century Mexico City
Authors: Buffington Robert M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article looks at popular responses to the zarzuela Chin-Chun-Chan and the issues that surfaced around its timely subject in early twentieth-century Mexico City. The principal source is the Mexico City satiric penny press for workers, supplemented by somewhat less polemical broadsides, both sold on the streets of the capital. Aimed mostly at working-class Mexicans, these sources offer a glimpse at popular attitudes circulating in a public sphere otherwise dominated by the perspective of educated elites. The article has four sections. First, it briefly reviews social commentary on the democratization of musical theater. Second, it examines Chin-Chun-Chan as a political symbol that crystalized around working-class complaints about the Porfirian regime, especially its alleged disregard for Mexican workers and Mexican national identity. Third, it analyzes the ways in which the phrase “Chin-Chun-Chan” entered popular language as a racial signifier for a range of things, some of which bore little relation to its theatrical origins. Finally, it links popular Sinophobia in late Porfirian Mexico City to the virulent anti-Chinese campaigns in northern Mexico, which played a key role in defining national identity after the 1910 Revolution, and to the “hemispheric orientalism” that has characterized anti-Asian sentiments throughout the Americas.
Validierung der deutschen Übersetzung des Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ2)
Authors: Pedersen Anya , Sieprath Katrin , Köhler Martina 
Published: April 2021

Zusammenfassung. Der Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ; Dencker, Taft, Bergqvist, Lilja & Berg, 2010 ) ist ein reliables und valides Instrument zur Erfassung der Geburtserfahrung. Ziel der Studie war, die revidierte Fassung des CEQ (CEQ2) ins Deutsche zu übersetzen und an einer Stichprobe aus 295 Wöchnerinnen zu validieren. In einer konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalyse konnte die 4-faktorielle Struktur der Originalversion nicht repliziert werden. Stattdessen wurden in einer explorativen Faktorenanalyse vier neue Faktoren gewonnen, die ähnlichen übergeordneten Facetten des Geburtserlebens zugeordnet wurden. Für die neu gewonnenen Skalen erwiesen sich die internen Konsistenzen als überwiegend zufriedenstellend bis gut. Der Zusammenhang zwischen dem CEQ2 und der konstruktnahen Salmon′s Item List ( Stadlmayr et al., 2001 ) spricht zudem für die konvergente Validität. Ebenso zeigten sich auch die erwarteten Zusammenhänge mit relevanten Außenkriterien. Die Ergebnisse dieser ersten Validierungsstudie sind somit vielversprechend, wobei weitere Studien in anderen Settings sowie im Längsschnitt wünschenswert sind.
Assessment of Lead (Pb) Leakage From Abandoned Mine Tailing Ponds to Klity Creek, Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand
Authors: Srirattana Supawan , Piaowan Kitsanateen , Imthieang Thanyathit , Suk ‐in Jiraporn , Phenrat Tanapon 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn 2013, Klity Creek became the site of Thailand's first legally required remediation, 15 years after the spill of lead (Pb)‐contaminated mine tailings into the creek. Even today, nature cannot attenuate Pb‐contaminated sediment, arguably due to either high geological background Pb or continuous leakage of Pb from the unlined tailing ponds, upstream of the creek. In this study, four lines of evidence were used to reveal that the leakage from tailing ponds is primarily responsible for the long‐term Pb contamination. First, stable Pb isotope ratios (206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/207Pb) were used to apportion sources between the tailings and geological background. The analysis of samples from the tailing ponds, geological background, and local zinc (Zn)‐Pb deposit revealed five different Pb sources (i.e., two distinct mine tailings, two different backgrounds, and a local Zn‐Pb deposit) in the area based on five unique isotope ratios. Using source apportionment analysis, Pb‐contaminated sediments in Klity Creek were consistent with tailings being the dominant source (30%–100%). Likewise, an analysis of Pb radionuclide (210Pb) revealed the Pb in the contaminated sediment was relatively new, 0–6.7 years old, suggesting that the Pb source was recent leakage from the tailing ponds rather than the 15‐year‐old tailing spill. Isotope evidence was supported by the elevated Pb‐contaminated seepage (0.30 ± 0.22 mg/L) from the tailing ponds and groundwater samples (up to 0.225 mg/L) collected from monitoring wells surrounding the tailing ponds. Consequently, proper management of Pb leakage from the tailing ponds is critical for successful Klity Creek remediation.
Diversification of Iron‐Biomineralizing Organisms During the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum: Evidence From Quantitative Unmixing of Magnetic Signatures of Conventional and Giant Magnetofossils
Authors: Wagner Courtney L. , Lascu Ioan , Lippert Peter C. , Egli Ramon , Livi Kenneth J. T. , Sears Helen B. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractConventional magnetofossils represent magnetic mineral remains of magnetotactic bacteria. Giant magnetofossils have no known modern analog. Both conventional and giant magnetofossil assemblages can record paleoenvironmental information through changes in magnetotactic bacteria diversity driven by nutrient supply and oxygenation. We use marine sediments that record a rapid global warming event, the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum (∼56 Ma), to assess how abundant well‐preserved magnetofossils with high morphological disparity record paleoenvironmental information. We find that conventional magnetofossils can be distinguished from giant, needle‐shaped magnetofossils using principal component analysis of first‐order reversal curves (FORC‐PCA); moreover, FORC‐PCA may be able to distinguish between well‐preserved magnetically soft and magnetically hard magnetofossils. FORC‐PCA is a robust, nondestructive technique that can be applied to other marine archives to understand how these ecosystems respond to rapid environmental change. We hypothesize that the sudden appearance of giant magnetofossils represents a natural response to niche expansion within the water column (a thicker oxic‐anoxic interface) and eutrophication (via iron supply) by protists that biomineralize giant magnetofossils. This application has potential as a proxy for changes in marine oxygen and iron concentrations stimulated by rapid planetary change.
Triptolide suppresses the growth and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer by inhibiting β-catenin-mediated epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Authors: Deng Qiu-di , Lei Xue-ping , Zhong Yi-hang , Chen Min-shan , Ke Yuan-yu , Li Zhan , Chen Jing , Huang Li-juan , Zhang Yu , Liang Lu , Lin Zhong-xiao , Liu Qing , Li Song-pei , Yu Xi-yong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is characterized by a high incidence of metastasis and poor survival. As epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is well recognized as a major factor initiating tumor metastasis, developing EMT inhibitor could be a feasible treatment for metastatic NSCLC. Recent studies show that triptolide isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F attenuated the migration and invasion of breast cancer, colon carcinoma, and ovarian cancer cells, and EMT played important roles in this process. In the present study we investigated the effect of triptolide on the migration and invasion of NSCLC cell lines. We showed that triptolide (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 nM) concentration-dependently inhibited the migration and invasion of NCI-H1299 cells. Triptolide treatment concentration-dependently suppressed EMT in NCI-H1299 cells, evidenced by significantly elevated E-cadherin expression and reduced expression of ZEB1, vimentin, and slug. Furthermore, triptolide treatment suppressed β-catenin expression in NCI-H1299 and NCI-H460 cells, overexpression of β-catenin antagonized triptolide-caused inhibition on EMT, whereas knockout of β-catenin enhanced the inhibitory effect of triptolide on EMT. Administration of triptolide (0.75, 1.5 mg/kg per day, ip, every 2 days) for 18 days in NCI-H1299 xenograft mice dose-dependently suppressed the tumor growth, restrained EMT, and decreased lung metastasis, as evidence by significantly decreased expression of mesenchymal markers, increased expression of epithelial markers as well as reduced number of pulmonary lung metastatic foci. These results demonstrate that triptolide suppresses NSCLC metastasis by targeting EMT via reducing β-catenin expression. Our study implies that triptolide may be developed as a potential agent for the therapy of NSCLC metastasis.
The impact of non-additive genetic associations on age-related complex diseases
Authors: Guindo-Martínez Marta , Amela Ramon , Bonàs-Guarch Silvia , Puiggròs Montserrat , Salvoro Cecilia , Miguel-Escalada Irene , Carey Caitlin E. , Cole Joanne B. , Rüeger Sina , Atkinson Elizabeth , Leong Aaron , Sanchez Friman , Ramon-Cortes Cristian , Ejarque Jorge , Palmer Duncan S. , Kurki Mitja ,   FinnGen Consortium, Aragam Krishna , Florez Jose C. , Badia Rosa M. , Mercader Josep M. , Torrents David 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGenome-wide association studies (GWAS) are not fully comprehensive, as current strategies typically test only the additive model, exclude the X chromosome, and use only one reference panel for genotype imputation. We implement an extensive GWAS strategy, GUIDANCE, which improves genotype imputation by using multiple reference panels and includes the analysis of the X chromosome and non-additive models to test for association. We apply this methodology to 62,281 subjects across 22 age-related diseases and identify 94 genome-wide associated loci, including 26 previously unreported. Moreover, we observe that 27.7% of the 94 loci are missed if we use standard imputation strategies with a single reference panel, such as HRC, and only test the additive model. Among the new findings, we identify three novel low-frequency recessive variants with odds ratios larger than 4, which need at least a three-fold larger sample size to be detected under the additive model. This study highlights the benefits of applying innovative strategies to better uncover the genetic architecture of complex diseases.
Stretchable chiral pockets for palladium-catalyzed highly chemo- and enantioselective allenylation
Authors: Zhang Yuchen , Zhang Xue , Ma Shengming 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPyrazolones are a vital class of heterocycles possessing various biological properties and much attention is paid to the diversified synthesis of enantiopure pyrazolone derivatives. We describe here the development of diphenylphosphinoalkanoic acid based chiral bisphosphine ligands, which are successfully applied to the palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allenylation of racemic pyrazol-5-ones. The reaction affords C-allenylation products, optically active pyrazol-5-ones bearing an allene unit, in high chemo- and enantioselectivity, with DACH-ZYC-Phos-C1 as the best ligand. The synthetic potential of the C-allenylation products is demonstrated. Furthermore, the enantioselectivity observed with DACH-ZYC-Phos-C1 is rationalized by density functional theory studies.
A warm jet in a cold ocean
Authors: MacKinnon Jennifer A. , Simmons Harper L. , Hargrove John , Thomson Jim , Peacock Thomas , Alford Matthew H. , Barton Benjamin I. , Boury Samuel , Brenner Samuel D. , Couto Nicole , Danielson Seth L. , Fine Elizabeth C. , Graber Hans C. , Guthrie John , Hopkins Joanne E. , Jayne Steven R. , Jeon Chanhyung , Klenz Thilo , Lee Craig M. , Lenn Yueng-Djern , Lucas Andrew J. , Lund Björn , Mahaffey Claire , Norman Louisa , Rainville Luc , Smith Madison M. , Thomas Leif N. , Torres-Valdés Sinhué , Wood Kevin R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUnprecedented quantities of heat are entering the Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean through Bering Strait, particularly during summer months. Though some heat is lost to the atmosphere during autumn cooling, a significant fraction of the incoming warm, salty water subducts (dives beneath) below a cooler fresher layer of near-surface water, subsequently extending hundreds of kilometers into the Beaufort Gyre. Upward turbulent mixing of these sub-surface pockets of heat is likely accelerating sea ice melt in the region. This Pacific-origin water brings both heat and unique biogeochemical properties, contributing to a changing Arctic ecosystem. However, our ability to understand or forecast the role of this incoming water mass has been hampered by lack of understanding of the physical processes controlling subduction and evolution of this this warm water. Crucially, the processes seen here occur at small horizontal scales not resolved by regional forecast models or climate simulations; new parameterizations must be developed that accurately represent the physics. Here we present novel high resolution observations showing the detailed process of subduction and initial evolution of warm Pacific-origin water in the southern Beaufort Gyre.
Collective and synchronous dynamics of photonic spiking neurons
Authors: Inagaki Takahiro , Inaba Kensuke , Leleu Timothée , Honjo Toshimori , Ikuta Takuya , Enbutsu Koji , Umeki Takeshi , Kasahara Ryoichi , Aihara Kazuyuki , Takesue Hiroki 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNonlinear dynamics of spiking neural networks have recently attracted much interest as an approach to understand possible information processing in the brain and apply it to artificial intelligence. Since information can be processed by collective spiking dynamics of neurons, the fine control of spiking dynamics is desirable for neuromorphic devices. Here we show that photonic spiking neurons implemented with paired nonlinear optical oscillators can be controlled to generate two modes of bio-realistic spiking dynamics by changing optical-pump amplitude. When the photonic neurons are coupled in a network, the interaction between them induces an effective change in the pump amplitude depending on the order parameter that characterizes synchronization. The experimental results show that the effective change causes spontaneous modification of the spiking modes and firing rates of clustered neurons, and such collective dynamics can be utilized to realize efficient heuristics for solving NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems.
13 million years of seafloor spreading throughout the Red Sea Basin
Authors: Augustin Nico , van der Zwan Froukje M. , Devey Colin W. , Brandsdóttir Bryndís 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe crustal and tectonic structure of the Red Sea and especially the maximum northward extent of the (ultra)slow Red Sea spreading centre has been debated—mainly due to a lack of detailed data. Here, we use a compilation of earthquake and vertical gravity gradient data together with high-resolution bathymetry to show that ocean spreading is occurring throughout the entire basin and is similar in style to that at other (ultra)slow spreading mid-ocean ridges globally, with only one first-order offset along the axis. Off-axis traces of axial volcanic highs, typical features of (ultra)slow-spreading ridges, are clearly visible in gravity data although buried under thick salt and sediments. This allows us to define a minimum off-axis extent of oceanic crust of <55 km off the coast along the complete basin. Hence, the Red Sea is a mature ocean basin in which spreading began along its entire length 13 Ma ago.
Specificity of AMPylation of the human chaperone BiP is mediated by TPR motifs of FICD
Authors: Fauser Joel , Gulen Burak , Pogenberg Vivian , Pett Christian , Pourjafar-Dehkordi Danial , Krisp Christoph , Höpfner Dorothea , König Gesa , Schlüter Hartmut , Feige Matthias J. , Zacharias Martin , Hedberg Christian , Itzen Aymelt 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTo adapt to fluctuating protein folding loads in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the Hsp70 chaperone BiP is reversibly modified with adenosine monophosphate (AMP) by the ER-resident Fic-enzyme FICD/HYPE. The structural basis for BiP binding and AMPylation by FICD has remained elusive due to the transient nature of the enzyme-substrate-complex. Here, we use thiol-reactive derivatives of the cosubstrate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to covalently stabilize the transient FICD:BiP complex and determine its crystal structure. The complex reveals that the TPR-motifs of FICD bind specifically to the conserved hydrophobic linker of BiP and thus mediate specificity for the domain-docked conformation of BiP. Furthermore, we show that both AMPylation and deAMPylation of BiP are not directly regulated by the presence of unfolded proteins. Together, combining chemical biology, crystallography and biochemistry, our study provides structural insights into a key regulatory mechanism that safeguards ER homeostasis.