bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing the Creativity of Chinese Upper-Secondary-School Students Participating in Programming Education
Authors: Liu Jun , Sun Xue , Sun Meng , Zhou Yan , Li Xinyue , Cao Jinbo , Liu Zile , Xu Fei 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: This study explored whether instructional characteristics, learner characteristics, family socioeconomic status, and gender influence creativity in the context of programming education in China.Methods: A total of 851 upper-secondary-school students in Beijing, China, were surveyed using the Creativity Scale, Programming Learning Scale, Programming Teaching Scale and Family Socioeconomic Status Questionnaire. SPSS (version 22) was used for correlation analysis, t-test and regression analysis.Results: (1) Teachers’ programming teaching method and management; students’ programming learning approach, attitude, and engagement; gender; and family economic capital were all significantly associated with creativity. (2) There were significant differences between males and females in terms of creativity, programming learning approach and programming learning attitude. (3) Learner attitudes, engagement, and approach, and their family economic capital, were strong predictors of creativity, with the strongest influence of learners’ attitudes to programming learning and weaker influence of family economic capital.Conclusion: The main factors that influence creativity in the context of programming education are programming teaching method, programming teaching management, programming learning approach, programming learning attitude, programming learning engagement and family economic capital. Among these, learner factors (attitude, engagement, and approach) and family economic capital are the key factors influencing creativity. These findings provide a basis for improving the creativity of Chinese programming learners and inspire teachers to consider learner factors and gender differences as they design and manage their instruction. Furthermore, the influence of family economic capital on the creativity of learners cannot be ignored.
Measuring Seclusion in Psychiatric Intensive Care: Development and Measurement Properties of the Clinical Seclusion Checklist
Authors: Ruud Torleif , Haugom Espen Woldsengen , Pincus Harold Alan , Hynnekleiv Torfinn 
Published: December 2021

Background: Acute psychiatric units in general hospitals must ensure that acutely disturbed patients do not harm themselves or others, and simultaneously provide care and treatment and help patients regain control of their behavior. This led to the development of strategies for the seclusion of a patient in this state within a particular area separated from other patients in the ward. While versions of this practice have been used in different countries and settings, a systematic framework for describing the various parameters and types of seclusion interventions has not been available. The aims of the project were to develop and test a valid and reliable checklist for characterizing seclusion in inpatient psychiatric care.Methods: Development and testing of the checklist were accomplished in five stages. Staff in psychiatric units completed detailed descriptions of seclusion episodes. Elements of seclusion were identified by thematic analysis of this material, and consensus regarding these elements was achieved through a Delphi process comprising two rounds. Good content validity was ensured through the sample of seclusion episodes and the representative participants in the Delphi process. The first draft of the checklist was revised based on testing by clinicians assessing seclusion episodes. The revised checklist with six reasons for and 10 elements of seclusion was tested with different response scales, and acceptable interrater reliability was achieved.Results: The Clinical Seclusion Checklist is a brief and feasible tool measuring six reasons for seclusion, 10 elements of seclusion, and four contextual factors. It was developed through a transparent process and exhibited good content validity and acceptable interrater reliability.Conclusion: The checklist is a step toward achieving valid and clinically relevant measurements of seclusion. Its use in psychiatric units may contribute to quality assurance, more reliable statistics and comparisons across sites and periods, improved research on patients' experiences of seclusion and its effects, reduction of negative consequences of seclusion, and improvement of psychiatric intensive care.
Distance Learning Effects Among Italian Children and Parents During COVID-19 Related School Lockdown
Authors: Crisci Giulia , Mammarella Irene C. , Moscardino Ughetta M. M. , Roch Maja , Thorell Lisa B. 
Published: December 2021

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, both children and their parents experienced consequences related to distance learning (DL). However, positive and negative effects have varied greatly among families, and the specific factors explaining these differences in experiences are still underexplored. In this study, we examined children's executive functions (EF) and parents' psychological well-being in relation to negative and positive effects of DL on both children and their parents.Method: Participants were 637 Italian parents (92% mothers) with a child (48% male) aged between 6 and 19 years involved in DL due to school closures during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected using an online survey. We performed three fixed-order hierarchical multiple regression analyses with child age and sex, children's EF deficits, and parents' psychological well-being as independent variables, and DL-related negative effects (on the child and on the parent) and DL-related positive effects as dependent variables.Results: The results of the regression analyses showed that for negative effects of DL, younger age and greater EF deficits explained most part of the variance. Specifically, regarding negative effects on children, the most important factor was EF deficits, whereas regarding negative effects on parents, child age was the most important factor. For positive effects of DL, all variables explained only a small part of the variance. Child age was the most important factor, but EF deficits and parents' psychological well-being also had a significant impact.Conclusions: The effects of DL during school closures vary widely across families. Our findings indicate that intervention efforts need to consider background variables, child factors, as well as parent factors when supporting families with homeschooling in times of pandemic.
Comparison of Tumor Seeding and Recurrence Rate After Laparoscopic vs. Open Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Transitional Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Morselli Simone , Vitelli Ferdinando Daniele , Verrini Giorgio , Sebastianelli Arcangelo , Campi Riccardo , Liaci Andrea , Spatafora Pietro , Barzaghi Paolo , Ferrari Giovanni , Gacci Mauro , Serni Sergio , Brausi Maurizio 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Cell Carcinoma (UTUC) is still debated for its possible seeding risk and thus consequent oncological recurrences, especially for atypical ones. The aim of the study is to compare recurrence and survival after Laparoscopic vs. Open Radical Nephroureterectomy (RNU) for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Cancer (UTUC).Method: A retrospective evaluation of UTUC consecutive surgeries from 2008 to 2019 was conducted, including pT ≥ 2, High Grade UTUC who underwent RNU with bladder cuff excision without concomitant lymphadenectomy in three urological tertiary centers. Statistical analyses compared recurrence and cancer specific survival, based on surgical approach, while logistic multivariate analyses and Kaplan Meyer survival curve analyzed possible risk factors for recurrence and survival.Results: One hundred seven cases of RNU, 47 (43.9%) laparoscopic and 60 (56.1%) open, were included in this report. Preoperative characteristics were comparable between groups. However, tumor stage was higher in the Open arm [T3–T4 in 44 (73.3%) vs. 20 (43.4%) in Laparoscopic]. Mean follow-up was 91.6 months in laparoscopy RNU vs. 93.5 months in open RNU. Recurrence rate (RR) was comparable between groups (p = 0.594), and so was the site, although 3 (6.3%) peritoneal recurrences were found only in laparoscopic group (p = 0.057). At multivariate logistic regression, tumor stage and surgical approach were independent predictors of recurrence (p &lt; 0.05), while only tumor stage was predictor of cancer specific death (p = 0.029).Conclusion: Surgical approach has no impact on recurrence site, overall survival, and RR. Still, according to our data peritoneal carcinomatosis was present only in laparoscopic arm, despite how it didn't reach statistical significance.
An Ovine Model of Awake Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Qi Jiachen , Gao Sizhe , Liu Gang , Yan Shujie , Zhang Min , Yan Weidong , Zhang Qiaoni , Teng Yuan , Wang Jian , Zhou Chun , Wang Qian , Ji Bingyang 
Published: December 2021

Background: Large animal models are developed to help understand physiology and explore clinical translational significance in the continuous development of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) technology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the establishment methods and management strategies in an ovine model of VA-ECMO.Methods: Seven sheep underwent VA-ECMO support for 7 days by cannulation via the right jugular vein and artery. The animals were transferred into the monitoring cages after surgery and were kept awake after anesthesia recovery. The hydraulic parameters of ECMO, basic hemodynamics, mental state, and fed state of sheep were observed in real time. Blood gas analysis and activated clotting time (ACT) were tested every 6 h, while the complete blood count, blood chemistry, and coagulation tests were monitored every day. Sheep were euthanized after 7 days. Necropsy was performed and the main organs were removed for histopathological evaluation.Results: Five sheep survived and successfully weaned from ECMO. Two sheep died within 24–48 h of ECMO support. One animal died of fungal pneumonia caused by reflux aspiration, and the other died of hemorrhagic shock caused by bleeding at the left jugular artery cannulation site used for hemodynamic monitoring. During the experiment, the hemodynamics of the five sheep were stable. The animals stayed awake and freely ate hay and feed pellets and drank water. With no need for additional nutrition support or transfusion, the hemoglobin concentration and platelet count were in the normal reference range. The ECMO flow remained stable and the oxygenation performance of the oxygenator was satisfactory. No major adverse pathological injury occurred.Conclusions: The perioperative management strategies and animal care are the key points of the VA-ECMO model in conscious sheep. This model could be a platform for further research of disease animal models, pathophysiology exploration, and new equipment verification.
Increase in the Length of Lung Cancer Patient Pathway Before First-Line Therapy: A 6-Year Nationwide Analysis From Hungary
Authors: Kiss Zoltan , Bogos Krisztina , Tamási Lilla , Ostoros Gyula , Müller Veronika , Urbán László , Bittner Nóra , Sárosi Veronika , Vastag Aladár , Polányi Zoltán , Nagy-Erdei Zsófia , Knollmajer Kata , Várnai Máté , Nagy Balázs , Horváth Krisztián , Rokszin György , Abonyi-Tóth Zsolt , Barcza Zsófia , Moldvay Judit , Gálffy Gabriella , Vokó Zoltán 
Published: December 2021

Objective: This study aimed to examine the characteristics of the lung cancer (LC) patient pathway in Hungary during a 6-years period.Methods: This nationwide, retrospective study included patients newly diagnosed with LC (ICD-10 C34) between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2016, using data from the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) of Hungary. The following patient pathway intervals were examined: system, diagnostic and treatment interval by age, gender, tumor type, study year and first-line LC therapy.Results: During the 6-years study period, 17,386 patients had at least one type of imaging (X-ray or CT/MRI) prior to diagnosis, and 12,063 had records of both X-ray and CT/MRI. The median system interval was 64.5 days, and it was 5 days longer among women, than in men (68.0 vs. 63.0 days). The median system interval was significantly longer in patients with adenocarcinoma compared to those with squamous cell carcinoma or small cell lung cancer (70.4 vs. 64.0 vs. 48.0 days, respectively). Patients who received surgery as first-line treatment had significantly longer median system intervals compared to those receiving chemotherapy (81.4 vs. 62.0 days). The median system interval significantly increased from 62.0 to 66.0 days during the 6-years study period.Conclusion: The LC patient pathway significantly increased in Hungary over the 6-years study period. There were no significant differences in the length of the whole LC patient pathway according to age, however, female sex, surgery as first-line treatment, and adenocarcinoma were associated with longer system intervals.
Study on Influencing Factors of Helicopter Brownout Evolution Based on CFD-DEM
Authors: Cao Yihua , Wang Gaozhan , Jiang Chongwen 
Published: December 2021

The gas-solid two-phase flow model is constructed based on the Euler-Lagrangian framework. The SST k−ω two-equation turbulence model and the soft ball model are coupled by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and a discrete element model (DEM). Brownout is then simulated by the above method with sliding mesh. As the calculation examples show, the simulations and experiments of the Lynx rotor and the Caradonna–Tung rotor are compared. The coupling method is verified through calculation of the rotor lift coefficient, blade section pressure coefficient and tip vortex shedding position. The results show that when the helicopter is hovering at a height of 0.52R from the ground, it will cause brownout and the pilot’s vision will be obscured by sand. When the hovering height is 1R, the phenomenon of brownout is not serious. The movement speed of most sand dust is about 12 m/s, and the height of the sand dust from the ground will gradually increase over time. Large particles of sand are more difficult to be entrained into the air than the small particles, and the particles with a radius of 50 um are basically accumulated on the ground. Moreover, the slotted-Tip rotor has an effect on restraining brownout.
Comparative analysis of the most important economic criteria for the company’s investment projects
Authors: Iankovyi Vladymyr 
Published: December 2021

The theoretical aspects of company’s investment management are discussed. The properties and characteristics of seven main economic criteria-indicators of investment projects, in particular, net present value, profitability index, simple and modified internal rate of return, simple and discounted payback period, efficiency coefficient are considered in detail. The aim of the study is a critical comparative analysis of the most important economic criteria of the company’s investment projects, such as internal rate of return (IRR) and modified internal rate of return (MIRR), their advantages and disadvantages, as well as further development of objective theoretical ideas about properties and relationships criteria for future investments, in particular, between the profitability index (PI) and the modified internal rate of return (MIRR).The economic and mathematical properties of the function describing the dependence of the net present value on the value of the discount rate are studied. The attention of project analysis specialists and top managers of companies is drawn to the shortcomings of the internal rate of return, which, in certain cases, due to the peculiarities of the calculation carries a potential threat of artificially overestimating the efficiency of an investment project. This fact is a significant basis for a complete rejection of using this indicator as a quantitative characteristic of the effectiveness of future production and financial projects. It is proposed to use exclusively the criterion «modified internal rate of return» as an indicator of efficiency of an investment project, which is completely objective, universal and can serve as a basis for calculating the profitability index. A formula of the functional interrelation between the value of the modified internal rate of return and the profitability index of the future production and financial projects of the company is derived.
Quality of service as a factor of forming competitiveness in cruise tourism
Authors: Gordiichuk Yevgeniia 
Published: December 2021

The article highlights the development trends of the cruise industry as a promising direction of tourism industry, which shows steady growth over the past ten years. The aim of the article is to determine the current trends in the cruise market development in modern conditions and the levers for competitive tourist offer formation, taking into account the key principles of behavioral and impression economy. Using the methods of analysis and synthesis made it possible to generalize the competitive advantages of cruise tourism in accordance with modern development trends in the context of an inclusive economy of impressions. The factors of competitiveness formation in cruise tourism are highlighted and the importance of service quality as a determining factor for meeting the needs of tourists is substantiated, which affects the overall satisfaction of tourists and their choice in the future. A number of factors that have a significant influence on the competitiveness formation in cruise tourism are considered. The generally accepted factors that have a significant influence on the cruise industry competitiveness and their relationship with the basic principles of impression economy are analyzed. The interrelation of offer differentiation taking into account the individual subjectivity of the consumer is substantiated. It was proven, that marketing, innovation and service quality are elements of brand image formation and vital elements in a commercial environment and key factors for success in the cruise business sector. The emphasis is made on the importance of service component in the cruise industry competitiveness formation. Recommendations for identifying effective mechanisms for determining the degree of customer satisfaction are formulated. Key groups of quality indicators of cruise services which can influence the general satisfaction of tourists are proposed. The expediency of conducting a survey and questioning of cruise passengers in order to further improve the quality of cruise tourism services to increase the company’s competitiveness is substantiated.
CONTENT AND METHODS OF TEACHING THE GERMAN LANGUAGE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF WESTERN UKRAINE (SECOND HALF OF XIX – EARLY XX CENTURY)
Authors: VYKHRUSHCH N. 
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the analisys of content and methods of teaching the German language in secondary schools of Western Ukraine in the second half of XIX – early XX century. It summarizes positive historical experience of Western Ukraine in teaching the German language, identifies distinctive features of content and methods of teaching the German language in secondary schools in this period and clarifies the importance of researches by Ukrainian scholars, educators and methodologists in order to improve school educational content in modern conditions. To make teaching of the German language more effective diferent tyres of exercises were used: explanatory reading, reading excerpts from prose and poetic works of the past with oral and written retelling, oral and written translation, copying from a texbook, explanatory dictations, memorizing poems and excerpts from prose and writing them from memory in class, grammar and lexical tests. It has been defined that the ideas about daily study of the German language is well worth noting. Grammatical material cannot underlie the study of the German language and should be used to explain complicated structures in the texts.
PEDAGOGICAL INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY OF CASE-STUDY IN TRAINING ON MANAGEMENT AND MARKETING IN PHARMACY IN THE PROCESS OF FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETITION
Authors: VOSKOBOINIKOVA G. , DOVDGUK V. , KONOVALOVA L. 
Published: December 2021

The article substantiates the application of pedagogical innovation and case-study technology in training in management and marketing in pharmacy in the process of forming the professional competence of future masters in higher education institutions.
Professional training of masters of the pharmaceutical industry in higher education institutions should be aimed at ensuring the formation of their professional competence for successful professional self-realization of the individual in today's labor market.
The strategic landmark of our country's development - European integration determines the modernization of Ukraine's higher education system, which includes modernization processes and improvement of higher pharmaceutical education, in accordance with social conditionality and labor market demands, optimization of integration processes, adaptation to the European pharmaceutical market and labor market. New demands of the pharmaceutical market lead to the improvement of the system of professional training of future specialists in the pharmaceutical industry in higher education institutions on the basis of the competence approach and their readiness to perform professional competencies.
It is established that the modernization of educational processes in the training of future masters of the pharmaceutical industry requires the introduction of sectoral and educational innovations and technologies that will ensure their competitiveness in the modern labor market and further development of the pharmaceutical industry in terms of European integration.
Cases of professional-pharmaceutical model situations and level diagnostic packages of tests have been developed, which in complex use provides an opportunity to assess students' academic achievements and diagnose the level of professional competence, readiness to implement professional competencies in management and marketing in pharmacy.
A systematic analysis and differential assessment of the formation of professional competence and readiness to implement professional pharmaceutical competencies and research competencies of future masters in applied industry research in management and marketing in pharmacy based on students solving professional-pharmaceutical model situations and test tasks diagnostic packages.