bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-Demographic, Clinical and Psychological Profile of Frailty Patients Living in the Home Environment and Nursing Homes: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Muszalik Marta , Kotarba Agnieszka , Borowiak Ewa , Puto Grażyna , Cybulski Mateusz , Kȩdziora-Kornatowska Kornelia 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Frailty syndrome, as a physiological syndrome, is characterized by a gradual decline in physiological reserve and a lowered resistance to stress-inducing factors, leading to an increased risk of adverse outcomes. It is significantly connected with dependence on care and frequent hospitalizations.Objectives: The aim of the study was to describe socio-demographic, clinical and psychological profile of frailty older adults living in their own homes and to nursing homes.Methods: The study was conducted with 180 patients who were over 60 years of age, the mean (±SD) was 74.1 (±8.8) years. Among the subjects, 90 individuals were community-dwelling older adults. The survey used a list of socio-demographic questions, as well as the following scales: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), SHARE-FI, and The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-Bref).Results: Pre-frailty was confirmed in 49 (27.2%) patients, and frailty syndrome was noticed in 47 patients (26.1%). The prevalence of frailty syndrome in the study group was related to: place of living (p &lt; 0.001), age (p &lt; 0.001), widowhood (p &lt; 0.001), a poor economic situation (p &lt; 0.001), basic education level (p &lt; 0.001), living alone (p &lt; 0.001), longer duration of illness (p &lt; 0.001), comorbidities (p &lt; 0.001), more medications taken (p &lt; 0.001), deterioration of hearing (p = 0.003), impairment of cognitive functions (p &lt; 0.001), depression (p &lt; 0.001), and decreased quality of life (p &lt; 0.001).Discussion: A lot of socio-demographic and medical factors, particularly cognitive and mental functioning were connected with the prevalence and progression of frailty syndrome in the study group. Quality of life was significantly dependent on the presence of frailty syndrome, both in homes and in nursing homes.
Physician's Burnout and the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study in Austria
Authors: Kurzthaler Ilsemarie , Kemmler Georg , Holzner Bernhard , Hofer Alex 
Published: December 2021

Background: The current study assesses the prevalence of burnout and psychological distress among general practitioners and physicians of various specialities, who are not working in a hospital, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally in this context, contributing factors are registered.Materials and Methods: Burnout and psychological distress were assessed with the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18). A newly developed self-reporting questionnaire was used to evaluate demographic data and pandemic-associated stress factors.Results: 252 general practitioners and 229 private practice physicians provided sufficient responses to the outcome variables for analysis. The prevalence of clinically relevant psychological distress was comparable between groups (12.4 vs. 9.2%). A larger proportion of general practitioners than specialists had intermediate (43.8 vs. 39.9%) or high burnout (26.9 vs. 22.0%) without reaching statistical significance for either category. When combining study participants with intermediate and high levels of burnout, the group difference attained significance (70.7 % vs. 61.9%).Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence that practicing physicians are at high risk of burnout in the context of the pandemic. Being single (standardized beta = 0.134), financial problems (beta = 0.136), and facing violence in patient care (beta = 0.135) were identified as significant predictors for psychological distress. Burnout was predicted by being single (beta = 0.112), financial problems (beta= 0.136), facing violence in patient care (beta = 0.093), stigmatization because of treatment of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients (beta = 0.150), and longer working hours during the pandemic (beta = 0.098).
Gender Differences in the Association Between Cataract and Mental Health in Adults With Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From the Spanish National Health Survey 2017
Authors: López Sánchez Guillermo F. , Smith Lee , Jacob Louis , Shin Jae Il , Koyanagi Ai , Pardhan Shahina 
Published: December 2021

Objective: This study aimed to explore gender differences in the associations between cataracts and self-reported depression and chronic anxiety in Spanish adults with diabetes.Methods: Cross-sectional data from the Spanish Health Survey 2017 were analyzed. Inclusion criterion was a positive response to the question “Have you ever been diagnosed with diabetes?” Diabetes, cataracts, depression and chronic anxiety were based on self-reported lifetime diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between cataracts and depression or anxiety among respondents with diabetes, stratifying by gender.Results: Out of a total 23,089 respondents, 2,266 people self-reported suffering from diabetes (50.2% women; average age 69.7 ± 12.7 years; age range 15-98 years). In people with diabetes, the presence of cataracts was associated with significantly higher odds for depression (OR = 1.655; 95% CI = 1.295-2.115). Gender-stratified analyses showed that only women with cataracts were significantly associated with higher odds for depression (OR = 1.762; 95% CI = 1.307-2.374) and chronic anxiety (OR = 1.519; 95% CI = 1.067-2.163).Conclusion: Cataracts are a significant risk factor for depression and chronic anxiety in Spanish women with diabetes, but not in men. Women with both diabetes and cataracts require assessment for depression and chronic anxiety, and possibly earlier interventions in order to reduce the potential risk of further mental health complications.
Carbon Ion Radiotherapy Evokes a Metabolic Reprogramming and Individualized Response in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ning Renli , Pei Yulei , Li Ping , Hu Wei , Deng Yong , Hong Zhengshan , Sun Yun , Zhang Qing , Guo Xiaomao 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) is a novel treatment for prostate cancer (PCa). However, the underlying mechanism for the individualized response to CIRT is still not clear. Metabolic reprogramming is essential for tumor growth and proliferation. Although changes in metabolite profiles have been detected in patients with cancer treated with photon radiotherapy, there is limited data regarding CIRT-induced metabolic changes in PCa. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the impact of metabolic reprogramming on individualized response to CIRT in patients with PCa.Materials and Methods: Urine samples were collected from pathologically confirmed patients with PCa before and after CIRT. A UPLC-MS/MS system was used for metabolite detection. XCMS online, MetDNA, and MS-DIAL were used for peak detection and identification of metabolites. Statistical analysis and metabolic pathway analysis were performed on MetaboAnalyst.Results: A total of 1,701 metabolites were monitored in this research. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a change in the patient's urine metabolite profiles following CIRT. Thirty-five metabolites were significantly altered, with the majority of them being amino acids. The arginine biosynthesis and histidine metabolism pathways were the most significantly altered pathways. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) showed that after CIRT, the patients could be clustered into two groups according to their metabolite profiles. The arginine biosynthesis and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis pathways are the most significantly discriminated pathways.Conclusion: Our preliminary findings indicate that metabolic reprogramming and inhibition are important mechanisms involved in response to CIRT in patients with PCa. Therefore, changes in urine metabolites could be used to timely assess the individualized response to CIRT.
Metastasis Pattern and Survival Analysis in Primary Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma: A SEER-Based Study
Authors: Gu Yanmei , Deng Haixiao , Wang Daijun , Li Yumin 
Published: December 2021

Background: Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare gastrointestinal tumor with high malignancy. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the distant metastasis pattern and establish nomograms predicting survival for SBA.Methods: From 2010 to 2015, patients diagnosed with SBA were identified based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was applied to compare survival differences between metastasis patterns. Then, univariate and multivariate cox analyses were applied to screened out independent prognostic factors of cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS), and identify the risk factors for metastasis of SBA. To assess the discrimination and calibration of nomograms, the concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC), and decision curve analysis (DCA) were calculated.Results: Kaplan–Meier curves revealed that metastasis patterns were significantly correlated with CSS (p &lt; 0.001) and OS (p &lt; 0.001). Then, the metastasis pattern was showed to be an independent prognostic factor of OS and CSS in patients with SBA, as well as age, grade, T stage, N stage, surgery, retrieval of regional lymph nodes, and chemotherapy. Combining these factors, we constructed prognostic nomograms, which suggested that the metastasis pattern made the greatest contribution to the survival of patients with SBA. Nomograms for OS and CSS had a C-index of 0.787 and 0.793, respectively. Calibration curves showed an excellent agreement between probability and actual observation in the training and validation cohort. Decision curve analysis also exhibited its clinical value with an improved net benefit. In addition, the models we constructed had better prognostic accuracy and clinical utility than traditional TNM staging based on C-index and ROC. Further, Cox regression analysis showed that old age, poor differentiation, N2, and not receiving chemotherapy were the risk factors for prognosis in patients with metastatic SBA.Conclusion: As an independent prognostic factor, the metastasis pattern exhibited the greatest predictive effect on OS and CSS for patients with SBA. Adjuvant chemotherapy had a positive effect on the survival of patients with SBA. Nomograms for predicting 3-and 5-year OS and CSS of patients with SBA were constructed, which could identify patients with higher risk and might be superior in predicting the survival of patients with SBA than TNM staging.
Santé publique et économie de la santé : ébauche d'un bilan
Authors: Riou Françoise 
Published: December 2021

Public health and the economics of health : a rough evaluation.
Public health and the economics of health have a common purpose : the optimization of health options. Various professional origins have permitted the protagonists to clain their specificity in a changing field.
Anyhow, other lines of différenciation exist ; they are related to strategic choices (the positioning of both actors and administrators of medical care) or theoretical ones.
L'économie de la santé à la croisée des chemins
Authors: Moatti Jean-Paul 
Published: December 2021

The economics of health in search of its way.
Since the 70's, the development of health economics research in France has met some significant difficulties. For the author, one basic reason for such difficulties lies in the limited attempt to clarify the theoretical foundations of empirical work. An illustration is given in the field of applications of economic analysis (cost/effectiveness, cost/benefit...) to evaluation of medical procedures or public health programmes. Practical consequences of these methodological debates for resource allocation in the health care system are evoked in conclusion.
Alcool et économie de la santé
Authors: Delande Guy 
Published: December 2021

Le thème abordé dans cet article est assez insolite et trouve sa justification dans le fait que l'économie de la santé constitue un outil indispensable de la santé publique et que l'alcool et la politique de l'alcool posent un problème majeur de santé publique.
Après un rappel rapide de la problématique de l'économie de la santé, sont abordés en 2e partie les enjeux socio-économiques du secteur alcool. Les éléments disponibles pour dresser un bilan économique sont encore très largement incoordonnés, ce qui conduit à s'interroger sur l'insuffisance d'une approche économique et sur l'intérêt de son dépassement afin de dégager quelques linéaments sommaires d'une stratégie possible.
Pour une politique de santé publique : les propositions du «Groupe des Cinq»
Authors: Grémy François 
Published: December 2021

For a public health policy : the proposals of the «Group of Five ».
A working group of five experts has proposed to the french governement the frame of a public health policy, with the specific aims of reducing the social inequalitties in mortality and morbidity, and of protecting youth against dangerous behavior.
The main points are :
-suppressing completely every form of publicity, direct or indirect, in favor of any form of tabacco,
-reducing the publicity for alcoholic beverages in the press read by adults,
-increasing the prices of tabacco and alcohol,
-organizing campaigns for screeming and early diagnosis of breast and cervix cancers,
-reinforcing the operationnal tools of the ministery of Health.
Identité et culture : concepts fondateurs ou phénomènes de mode ?
Authors: Caune Jean 
Published: December 2021

Identity and culture : basic concepts or fashion phenomenae ?
The concept of corporate culture legitimates the idea of management made necessary by the adaptation of the employees to the eventual changes brought about by the economical crisis. The consequences expected from the culture produced by the institution, over the process of change and the fact of belonging to the entreprise, explain this reference.
How could that culture becomes so operational as to lead the social changes ? And how should we interpret the relationship of this culture with the identity of the firm ? Identity and corporate culture are considered at two interrelated levels : the individual and the structure of the organisation ; organisation and society.
The aim of this article is to show in what theorical conditions the relationship between identity and culture may be designed both as a built social and a semiotic relationship.
Appropriation des technologies de communication et conflit de modèles. Le cas des PME et du vidéotex
Authors: Mayère Anne 
Published: December 2021

Les modèles actuels de l'entreprise sont en bonne part indissociables des références à l'information, à la communication, et aux technologies associées. En observant les représentations de l'information et de la communication qui s'affrontent lors de la mise en place d'une nouvelle technologie, on peut mesurer l'ampleur du spectre des significations mobilisées sous un même terme, et la diversité associée des modèles de «l'entreprise communicante ».
On peut trouver dans ces conflits de modèles des tentatives de légitimation professionnelle et sociale relativement classiques. Mais aussi on peut interpréter les débats sur les modèles comme étant articulés sur des enjeux économiques très directs, qui concernent la définition et la répartition de la valeur ajoutée économiquement validée.
Mobilisation de la recherche et politiques urbaines
Authors: Gaudin Jean-Pierre 
Published: December 2021

En 1991, une démarche sans précédent en France a mis en place les modalités d'un débat entre chercheurs et décideurs au cours du processus d'élaboration de la loi «d'orientation pour la ville ».
Cet article est consacré à l'analyse de ce processus et de ses significations. On s'interrogera en particulier sur la spécificité de la démarche par rapport à d'autres pays où la distance entre recherche et action serait traditionnellement moins grande, ou bien qui auraient été marqués par des courants intellectuels différents dans l'approche de la société urbaine.
Le modèle de carrière des ingénieurs à l'épreuve des mutations techniques et organisationnelles des entreprises
Authors: Moysan-Louazel Anne 
Published: December 2021

El modelo de carrera los ingeniero frente a las mutaciones técnicas y organizacionales de las empresas
Este articulo trata de la constitucion histórica y de la renovación actual de la profesión de ingeniero situándose en su modelo de carrera en la industria. La gran empresa en la cual se ha construido el modelo clásico de carrera de los ingenieios se ha transformado profundamente bajo el efecto de una modificacion de la competencia, de la organización y de las técnicas. Esta empresa busca una nueva coherencia apoyándose en el aprendizaje de nuevas convenciones : se dibujan entonces nuevas trayectorias de movilidad que podrián en el futuro abrir cam i no a nuevos tipos de carrera interna para un numéro de ingenieros cada vez más importante
Frontière et isolement. Le cas des petites économies insulaires
Authors: Fustier Bernard , Burgarella-Mattei Marie-Noëlle 
Published: December 2021

The frontier, the boundary and isolation. The case of small insular economies
This paper deals with isolation as a bad development factor for little insular regions. From a sample data dealing with some European regions, the regional GDP is explained by two variables which are linked with the external economic potential of the corresponding regions : population and distance from the European centre of economic gravity. The majority of islands are shown to have negative residues. Isolation (which we have to distinguish from the concept of peripherality) is thought to be responsible for this result. Isolation is not only a territorial discontinuity which hinders the island-continent relations ("external" isolation), it also refers to the state of insular society on the whole, and it has a negative effect upon its dynamics.
La cogestion allemande. Redistribution du pouvoir au sein de l'entreprise
Authors: Keller Tiziana 
Published: December 2021

La cogestión alemana. Una redistribución del poder dentro de la empresa.
La cogestión constituye uno de los pilares del sistema aleman de relaciones prefesionales. Al hacer participar a los trabajadores en el proceso de decisión, conduce a una nueva distribución del poder en la empresa. Se puede interrogar uno sobre su legitimidad y su eficacia : las respuestas qui aqui se dan se hacen a partir de una retrospectiva histórica sobre su nacimiento, un analisis de los modelos teóricos utilizados para explicarla y, por fin, la presentación de algunos estudios empiricos.
Industries culturelles et attention publique. Une perspective cavalière
Authors: Rouet François 
Published: December 2021

The cultural industries and public concern. The perspective of partnership
Cultural industries have experienced deep changes during the last twenty-five years and the attention paid to them by the public authorities, in particular in fields of culture, has considerably developed. The public support policies that were implemented in the various cultural sectors were in the first place formulated as a whole body. But later, due to the first shocks undergone by the cultural industries and their environment, the public authorities were led to take a more heterogeneous line. Culture industries, when considered together, go to make up a field with durably blurred outlines, which calls for a particular, culture-oriented attention from the public authorities, taking into account their specific relation to creation as well as the applying of the legislation regarding copyright and neighbouring rights which enable a measure of redistribution through collective action.
Évolution des procès de travail et des formes de valorisation dans les industries culturelles
Authors: Azpillaga Patxi , Carlos Miguel Juan , Zallo Ramon 
Published: December 2021

The evolution of the work process and the form of valorization in cultural industries
This paper analyses, from the point of view of the cultural industries, changes which have come about recently in the realms of culture and communication. Starting from such axes as the work process and valorization, we examine the effects on the cultural structuration of society of technical transformations, deregulation and new forms of business management. We maintain discriminating and contrasted analyses which will enable us to avoid the mystification of technical discourse.
Patrimoines en ligne. La mémoire comme objet industriel
Authors: Négrier Emmanuel , Valarié Pierre 
Published: December 2021

Patrimony on line. Memory as an industrial object
The notion of heritage is currently undergoing a profound reworking by the extension, both ecological and localist, of the objects of which it has traditionally been composed. Over and above the national and highly diverse public policies that have been focused on matters of heritage, the process itself of hybridization has generated tensions between the classical conception of heritage as preservation and transmission, and a more recent conception of creation and mass diffusion of this newly created heritage. Multimedia has taken a lead within this context as a solution to these tensions. It is currently transforming the status of the ensemble of our heritage, creating a whole new potential public for it, and radically transforming the classical hierarchy of its objects. It is transforming heritage into an industrial object.
La pluie et le beau temps dans les conversations quotidiennes. Aspects rituels et thématiques
Authors: Traverso Véronique 
Published: December 2021

El tiempo en las conversaciones de cada dia : aspectos rituales y tematicos
Se describe el funcionamiento de los intercambios relativos al tiempo en las conversaciones de cada dia. Una presentación de las concepciones que interactuan muestra que casi siempre sólo se toman en cuenta algunos aspectos del intercambio meteorologico en las representaciones propuestas (la comunión fatica, la seguridad del tema, la obligación de evitar el silencio), hasta considerarlo un "puro" ritual. El analisis propuesto, realizado a partir de un corpus de intercambios auténticos, muestra que ademas de estas utilizaciones de las que se propone una tipologia, cabe prestar atención a la "tematica meteorológica" para restituir la propensión de los locutores a hablar del tiempo.
La réglementation des entreprises de service public. Analyse économique, fondements juridiques et modalités institutionnelles
Authors: Kirat Thierry 
Published: December 2021

La regulación de las empresas del servicio publico. Analisis económica, fundamentos juridicos y modalidades institucionales
Las actividades de servicio publico tienen formas muy diversas que van del monopolio publico hasta empresas privadas reguladas. El articulo trata principalmente de este ultimo punto. El analisis comparado -que se refiere al caso de Francia y de los Estados Unidos -e histórico de la organización y de la regulación de las empresas privadas del servicio publico subraya que es importante considerar los regimenes juridicos e institucionales.
Economie et technoscience (1) Une perspective d'anthropologie économique
Authors: Prades Jacques 
Published: December 2021

Economy and techno-science. (1) A economico-anthropological view
The market system and techno-science are part of the same dynamic, underpinned by an unlimited desire to rationally control the world. But neither man nor nature are commodities in the ordinary sense of the word. The sense of incompletion highlighted as much by Polanyi as by Heidegger, necessitates ever increasing means to correct and oust the effects of rationalization. Amongst these means, supposed progress plays a primordial role.