bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leptomeningeal Disease in Glioblastoma: Endgame or Opportunity?
Authors: Akmal Sarfraz , Ginalis Elizabeth E. , Patel Nitesh V. , Aiken Robert , Hanft Simon J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Glioblastoma is an aggressive cancer with a notoriously poor prognosis. Recent advances in treatment have increased overall survival, though this may be accompanied by an increased incidence of leptomeningeal disease (LMD). LMD carries a particularly severe prognosis and remains a late stage manifestation of glioblastoma without satisfactory treatment. The objective of this review is to survey the literature on treatment of LMD in glioblastoma and to more fully characterize the current therapeutic strategies. Methods: The authors performed a systematic review following PRISMA criteria on PubMed. Articles that included adult patients with LMD from glioblastoma multiforme were retrieved and reviewed. Results: LMD in glioblastoma patients is increasing in incidence, with reports of up to 21%. The overall survival without treatment is alarmingly brief, with patients surviving between 1.6-3.8 months. All studies showed that treatment does improve overall survival significantly, increasing to 11.7 months in one study. However, no one adjuvant or surgical therapy has been shown to improve survival in LMD significantly over another. Direct treatment methods include chemotherapy (standard, anti-angiogenic, intrathecal, immunotherapy), and radiation. Hydrocephalus is a complication in LMD that can be treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement, however treating hydrocephalus and delivering intrathecal chemotherapy is a challenge. Conclusion: Though evidence remains lacking and there is no consensus, treatments show a trend towards improving survival and should be considered on a case-by-case basis. Further studies are necessary in the pursuit of a standard of care.
Effects of Refractive Accommodation on Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Silicone Oil-Filled Eyes
Authors: Yan Ying , Liu Ran , Gao Chengyuan , Song Yanping , Ding Qin , Chang Feng , Chen Xiao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of refractive accommodation on subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in silicone oil (SO)-filled eyes.METHODS: This retrospective, self-comparative study was conducted on 40 patients with unilateral macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, who underwent vitrectomy and SO tamponade. The SFCT of SO-filled eyes and the fellow control eyes were measured using optical coherence tomography at their one-month visit after surgery. The patients wore soft contact positive lenses for 24 hours in the SO-filled eyes, to correct their refractive error. SFCT and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) were measured before and after wearing the contact lenses. Mean SFCT was compared between SO-filled eyes and the fellow control eyes, and SFCT and CVI were compared before and after refractive error correction in the SO-filled eyes.RESULTS: Mean SFCT of SO-filled eyes (221.52±38.41 um) was less than that of the fellow eyes (273.41±31.30 um) (P<0.001). After refractive error correction, the mean SFCT increased to 269.28±36.90 um(P <0.001). However, CVI decreased from 57.01±2.41 to 55.39±2.39 (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: SFCT reduction in SO-filled eyes was primarily due to the hyperopia status. The non-uniform change in CVI suggests that changes in CT are mainly attributed to a greater expansion of the stromal area instead of the choroidal vascular area.
Concordance Between The Schedule for The Evaluation of Individual Quality of Life – Direct Weighting (SEIQoL-DW) and The EuroQoL-5D (EQ-5D) Measures of Quality of Life Outcomes in Adults With X-linked Hypophosphatemia.
Authors: Jandhyala Ravi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUNDAccurate measurement of any constructs in clinical studies is of critical importance, especially if the adoption of an intervention relies on detecting a significant treatment effect where one exists. Under Neutral theory, the amount of relevant and irrelevant indicators selected to operationalise the construct contribute equally to the accuracy of the observation. The Neutral or accurate observation is achieved by observing all relevant indicators only. Generic QoL instruments such as EQ-5D are increasingly being accepted as inaccurate, especially in rare diseases, based on the relevance of their indicators. QoL is a construct that embodies a patient's subjectivity, individuality, and local circumstances at measurement. SEIQoL-DW is an instrument designed to respect these characteristics of QoL through eliciting indicators or cues directly from the subject along with the proportion of the overall QoL they contribute. EQ-5D and SEIQoL can therefore be considered as being at opposing ends of accuracy in QoL measurement. XLH is a hereditary, progressive, rare disease characterised by phosphate wasting, affecting both children and adults and impacting their QoL. The purpose of this study was to observe if any change in QoL of adult XLH patients were detectable using EQ-5D, SEIQoL eliciting new cues at each visit, and SEIQoL administering baseline cues overall visits (thereby silencing its time-dependency) versus baseline over 12 months. Secondly, to explore any association between the three sets of observations.RESULTSAll quality of life scores were observed to decrease from baseline by 13.36%, 7.32%, and 2.7% based on SEIQoLvisit_cues, SEIQoLbaseline_cues, and EQ-5D assessments, respectively. The decrease in the quality of life scores was only statistically significant (p=0.037) for SEIQoLvisit_cues. Beyond the baseline visit, the only highly positive and statistically significant pairwise association was between SEIQoLvisit_cues and SEIQoLbaseline_cues at M6 (ρ=0.782, P value<0.05) and M9 (ρ=0.879, P value<0.05).CONCLUSIONSEQ-5D and SEIQoLbaseline_cues failed to detect the same statistically significant decrease in QoL observed by SEIQoLvisit_cues. Both sets of SEIQoL observations were more closely associated with each other than with EQ-5D. Observing constructs such as QoL in rare diseases benefit from a Neutrality in indicator selection and respecting variation in dominance of various indicators over time.
Numerical quantification model and experiment of external force on roller hemming of curved edge aluminium alloy with adhesive
Authors: Li Jianjun , Zhu Wenfeng , Li Yuanhui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Accurate quantification of external force is the key to improve the high-precision hemming of autobody closure panels. However, the mechanism of external force on forming quality of complex contour sheet metal with adhesive is not clear subjected to geometric curvature and materials. In the present study, taking the curved edge aluminum sheet as the research object, SPH (smooth particle hydrodynamics) is introduced to simulate the viscous adhesive, and the SPH-FEM (Finite element method) coupling model of adhesive and panel considering the viscosity-pressure effect is established. The numerical simulation of the roller hemming process is carried out, then the validity and reliability are verified by real-time measurement of external force by triaxial force sensor. The multi-step forming process and the effect of external force on the roll in/out, surface wave and plastic strain of aluminum alloy sheet under the viscosity-pressure effect are studied, and the relationship between process parameters and external force is discussed. Results show that the coupling SPH-FEM model can well reflect the hemming process of curved edge structure. The normal force is about 2~3 times of the tangential force in the pre and final hemming process. Compared with the case without adhesive, the surface wave of flange part of the hemming with adhesive is slightly larger.The normal force and the tangential force increase about 90 N and 30 N respectively, when the height increases by 1 cm. It provides an important basis for the accurate control of hemming trajectory and the improvement of manufacturing quality of autobody closure panels..
Physical Activity Coaching Implementation Among Physiotherapists and SCI Peer Mentors: Behavioural Determinants and Effects
Authors: Shu Hattie , Ginis Kathleen Martin , Levett Catherine Le Cornu , McBride Chris , Walden Kristen , Ma Jasmin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The most profound drop in physical activity among people with spinal cord injury (SCI) is observed in the months following discharge from rehabilitation. The ProACTIVE SCI intervention has previously demonstrated large-sized effects on physical activity among people with SCI in the community setting. If implemented successfully during the transition from hospital to community setting, this intervention may help improve physical activity at a critical, yet understudied, timepoint for people with SCI. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of an implementation intervention on physical activity coaching behaviour and its determinants to inform future adaptation of the intervention for sustained implementation.Methods: This study employed a single group, pre-post design. The Knowledge to Action Framework supplemented by the Quality Implementation Framework were used to engage end-users in adapting the intervention and implementation process. The implementation intervention consisted of training (instructions, demonstration, behavioural practice, feedback), provision of educational resources, the addition of a physical activity prompt in patient discharge forms, and engagement of champions. The determinants of physical activity coaching were evaluated using a survey based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), administered before and immediately following training. Paired two-tailed t-tests were conducted to detect a significant within-subject effect over time on physical activity coaching determinants.Results: A total of ten participants attended training and completed the TDF survey. No significant differences were observed in any of the current physical activity coaching behaviours evaluated during the training period. However, participants reported significant improvements in physical activity coaching behavioural determinants including knowledge, skills, beliefs about capabilities, environmental context and resources, social influences, behavioural regulation, and memory, attention and decision processes (ps<0.05).Conclusions: Improvements in determinants signal the potential for changes in physical activity coaching behaviour. Determinant scores that remained low will be targeted to inform the ongoing adaptation of the implementation intervention. This study serves as an example of using the TDF, the Knowledge to Action Framework, and the Quality Implementation Framework to guide adaptation and implementation of an intervention.Trial Registration: U.S. National Library of Medicine, NCT04493606. Registered 29 July 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04493606
A rare MSH2 variant as a candidate marker for Lynch Syndrome II screening in Tunisia: A case of Diffuse Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Kabbage Maria , Aissa-Haj Jihenne Ben , Othman Houcemedine , Jaballah-Gabteni Amira , Laarayedh Sarra , Elouej Sahar , Medhioub Mouna , Tounsi Haifa , Khessiba Amal , Mahmoudi Moufida , BelFekih Houda , Maaloul Afifa , Touinsi Hassen , Hamzaoui Lamine , Chelbi Emna , Abdelhak Sonia , Boubaker Samir , Azzouz Moussadak 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Inherited syndromic forms of digestive cancers with age occurrence before 50 seem to be relatively in higher proportions in Tunisia suggesting genetic susceptibility. Several syndromic forms are known to predispose to early onset gastric tumors such as Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer (HDGC) and Lynch Syndrome (LS). LS II is an extracolonic cancer syndrome characterized by a tumor spectrum including gastric cancer (GC). In the current work, our main aim was to identify the mutational spectrum underlying the genetic predisposition to diffuse gastric tumors occurring in a Tunisian family suspected with both HDGC and LS II syndromes.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
The index case was a woman diagnosed with Diffuse Gastric Carcinoma (DGC) fulfilling the international guidelines for both HDGC and LSII syndromes. Genomic DNA was used for the search of CDH1 and CTNNA1 germ mutations. We performed, also a DNA repair custom panel targeting candidate genes recovering the four DNA repair systems. Structural bioinformatics analysis was conducted to predict the effect of the revealed mutations.
RESULTS
No deleterious variants have been identified neither in CDH1 nor in CTNNA1 coding and their flanking regions. DNA repair genes panel screening identified two variants: a rare MSH2 c.728G > A classified as a variant with uncertain significance and a novel FANCD2 variant c.1879G > T. The structural prediction model of MSH2 mutation and electrostatic potential calculation showed for the first time that MSH2 c.728G > A is likely pathogenic and is involved in the MSH2-MLH1 complex stability. This mutation appears to affect the MSH2-MLH1 complex as well as DNA-complex stability. The c.1879G > T FANCD2 variant was predicted to destabilize the protein structure.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results showed that MSH2 p.R243Q variant is likely pathogenic and is involved in the MSH2-MLH1 complex stability with a putative impact on the binding with MLH1 by disrupting the electrostatic potential suggesting the revision of its status from VUS to likely pathogenic. This variant seems to be a shared variant in Mediterranean region. These findings emphasize the importance of testing DNA repair genes for patients diagnosed with DGC with suspicion of LSII as well as colorectal cancer allowing better clinical surveillance for more personalized medicine.
Clinically Delivered Treatment for Glioma Patients on a Hybrid Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-Linear Accelerator (MR-Linac) and a Cone Beam CT (CBCT)-Guided Linac: Dosimetric Comparisons with In Vivo Skin Dose Correlation
Authors: Wang Michael H. , Kim Anthony , Ruschin Mark , Tan Hendrick , Soliman Hany , Myrehaug Sten , Detsky Jay , Husain Zain , Atenafu Eshetu G. , Keller Brian , Sahgal Arjun , Tseng Chia-Lin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-Linear Accelerator (MR-Linac) radiotherapy requires special consideration for secondary electron interactions within the magnetic field, which can alter dose deposition at air-tissue interfaces.
Methods

Thirty-seven consecutive glioma patients treated during their radiotherapy course with at least one fraction delivered on MR-Linac or Cone Beam CT (CBCT)-guided Linac, were analyzed. Treatment planning for both systems were completed prior to radiotherapy initiation and approved for clinical delivery using commercial treatment planning systems (TPS): a Monte Carlo calculation-based or convolution calculation-based TPS for MR-Linac or CBCT-Linac, respectively. Dosimetric parameters for planning target volume (PTV), organs-at-risk (OARs), and air-tissue interface were compared. In vivo skin dose during a single fraction of MR-Linac and CBCT-Linac treatment was measured using an Optically Stimulated Luminescent Dosimeter (OSLD) and correlated with TPS skin dose.
Results

Monte Carlo-based MR-Linac plans and convolution-based CBCT-Linac plans exhibited minimal differences in PTV and OAR parameters. However, MR-Linac plans had greater doses within tissues surrounding air cavities (1.52 Gy higher mean Dmean, p < 0.0001) and skin (1.10 Gy higher mean Dmean, p < 0.0001). In vivo OSLD skin readings were 14.5% greater for MR-Linac treatments (p = 0.0027), and were more accurately predicted by Monte Carlo-based calculation (ρ = 0.95, p < 0.0001) vs. convolution-based (ρ = 0.80, p = 0.0096).
Conclusions

The magnetic field’s dosimetric impact was minimal for PTV and OARs in glioma as compared to standard CBCT-Linac treatment plans. However, skin doses were significantly greater with the MR-Linac and correlated with in vivo measurements. Future MR-Linac planning processes are being designed to account for skin dosimetry and treatment delivery.
Parameters Identification of Nonlinear Lorenz Chaotic System and its Application to High Precision Model Reference Synchronization
Authors: Peng Chao-Chung , Li Yang-Rui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Lorenz chaotic system synchronization has been a popular research topic in the last two decades. Most of the studies focus on the design of model reference adaptive control (MRAC) synchronization schemes. In the existing MRAC schemes, adaptive laws are designed to estimate the system parameters online. However, due to the system parameters being unknown, arbitrary selection results in a longer estimation period. Although applying large values of adaptive gains can increase the estimation convergence speed, it usually induces obvious estimation oscillations and large control efforts. On the contrary, small adaptive gains result in smooth but sluggish transient estimations. None of the studies addressed on the parameters estimation and its contribution to precise synchronization. To address this issue, two system identification schemes are presented. The first applied scheme is called observer/Kalman filter identification (OKID). The second one is called bilinear transform discretization (BTD). The related detail derivations for the Lorenz chaotic system parameter identification will be presented in this paper. Results show that the proposed BTD identification algorithm is relatively simple and computationally efficient. Moreover, highly precise parameter estimations can be achieved as well. Nevertheless, due to the complex nonlinearity of the chaotic system, it will be illustrated that even extremely small parameter deviations could lead to dramatic mismatch for the chaotic system model output prediction. To further solve this issue, a MRAC is further designed in which the initial guess of the system parameters is obtained through the proposed BTD identification algorithm. Since the identified parameters are already very close to the true value, smaller values of adaptive gains can be used. With the aid of the precise parameter identification, the transient dynamics and the convergence performance of the MARC are both improved significantly. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Research on Parallel Distributed Clustering Algorithm Applied to Milling Parameter Optimization
Authors: Wei Xudong , Sun Qingzhen , Liu Xianli , Yue Caixu , Liang Steven Y. , Wang Lihui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the big data era, traditional data mining technology cannot meet the requirements of massive data processing with the background of intelligent manufacturing. Aiming at insufficient computing power and low efficiency in mining process, this paper proposes a improved K-means clustering algorithm based on the concept of distributed clustering in cloud computing environment. The improved algorithm (T.K-means) is combined with MapReduce computing framework of Hadoop platform to realize parallel computing, so as to perform processing tasks of massive data. In order to verify the practical performance of T.K-means algorithm, taking machining data of milling Ti-6Al-4V alloy as the mining object. The mapping relationship among milling parameters, surface roughness and material removal rate is mined, and the optimized value for milling parameters are obtained. The results show that T.K-means algorithm can be used to mine the optimal milling parameters, so that the best surface roughness can be obtained in milling Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy.
Single-nucleus lung transcriptomics and inflammatory responses in lethal COVID-19 reveal potential drugs in advanced-stage clinical trials
Authors: López-Cortés Andrés , Guerrero Santiago , Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Yumiceba Verónica , Vera-Gupi Antonella , Cáceres Ángela León , Simbaña-Rivera Katherine , Gómez-Jaramillo Ana María , Guevara-Ramírez Patricia , García-Cárdenas Jennyfer M. , Cabrera-Andrade Alejandro , Echeverría-Garcés Gabriela , Andrés Lourdes Puig San , Cevallos-Robalino Doménica , Bautista Jhommara , Armendáriz-Castillo Isaac , Pérez-Villa Andy , Abad-Sojos Andrea , Ramos-Medina María José , León-Sosa Ariana , Abarca Estefanía , Pérez-Meza Álvaro A. , Nieto-Jaramillo Karol , Jácome Andrea V. , Morillo Andrea , Arias-Erazo Fernanda , Fuenmayor-González Luis , Kyriakidis Nikolaos C 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
There is pressing urgency to identify drugs that allow treating COVID-19 patients effectively. Respiratory failure is the leading cause of death in patients with severe COVID-19, and the host inflammatory response at the lungs remains poorly understood. Therefore, we retrieved data from postmortem lungs from COVID-19 patients and performed in-depth in silico analyses of single-nucleus RNA sequencing data, inflammatory protein interactome network, functional enrichment, and shortest pathways to cancer hallmark phenotypes to reveal potential therapeutic targets and drugs in advanced-stage COVID-19 clinical trials. Herein, we analyzed transcriptomics data of 719 inflammatory response genes across 19 cell types (116,313 nuclei) from lung autopsies. The functional enrichment analysis of the 233 significantly expressed genes showed that the most relevant biological annotations were: inflammatory response, innate immune response, cytokine production, interferon production, macrophage activation, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, blood coagulation, IL-1 and megakaryocytes in obesity, NLRP3 inflammasome complex, and the TLR, JAK-STAT, NF-κB, TNF, oncostatin M, AGE-RAGE signaling pathways. Subsequently, we identified 34 essential inflammatory proteins with both high-confidence protein interactions and shortest pathways to inflammation, cell death, glycolysis, and angiogenesis. Lastly, we propose five small molecules involved in advanced-stage COVID-19 clinical trials: baricitinib, pacritinib, and ruxolitinib are tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 inhibitors, losmapimod is a MAP kinase p38 alpha inhibitor, and eritoran is a TLR4/MD-2 antagonist. After being thoroughly analyzed in COVID-19 clinical trials, these drugs can be considered for treating severe COVID-19 patients.
On the Study of Configuration and Kinematics of a 3-DOF Generalized Spherical Parallel Mechanism for Ankle Rehabilitation
Authors: zhang jianjun , yang shuai , liu chenglei , wang xiaohui , guo shijie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The kinematic equivalent model of the existing ankle rehabilitation robot is inconsistent with the anatomy structure of the human ankle, which will influence the rehabilitation effect . Therefore, this paper equivalent the human ankle to the UR model and proposes a novel 3-DOF generalized spherical parallel mechanism for ankle rehabilitation. The parallel mechanism has two spherical centers corresponding to the rotation center of the tibiotalar joint and subtalar joint. Via screw theory, the mobility of the parallel mechanism is analyzed, which meets the requirement of the human ankle. Its inverse kinematics is presented and singularities are identified based on the Jacobian matrix. The workspaces of the parallel mechanism are obtained by the search method and compared with the motion range of the human ankle, which shows that the parallel mechanism could meet the motion demand of ankle rehabilitation. In addition, on the basis of the motion/force transmissibility, the performance atlases are plotted in the parameter optimal design space and the optimum region is obtained according to the demands of practical application. The results show that the parallel mechanism can meet the motion requirements of ankle rehabilitation and have excellent kinematic performance in its rehabilitation range, which provides a theoretical basis for the prototype design and experiment verification.