bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Hormone Levels During the Menopausal Transition
Authors: Harlow Siobán D , Hood Michelle M , Ding Ning , Mukherjee Bhramar , Calafat Antonia M , Randolph John F , Gold Ellen B , Park Sung Kyun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Context
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread chemicals that may affect sex hormones and accelerate reproductive aging in midlife women.

Objective
To examine associations between serum PFAS concentrations at baseline (1999-2000) and longitudinal serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) at baseline and through 2015-2016.

Design
Prospective cohort.

Setting
General community.

Participants
1371 midlife women 45 to 56 years of age at baseline in the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN).

Main Outcome Measure(s)
FSH, estradiol, testosterone, SHBG.

Results
In linear mixed models fitted with log-transformed hormones and log-transformed PFAS adjusting for age, site, race/ethnicity, smoking status, menopausal status, parity, and body mass index, FSH was positively associated with linear perfluorooctanoate [n-PFOA; 3.12% (95% CI 0.37%, 5.95%) increase for a doubling in serum concentration), linear perfluorooctane sulfonate [PFOS; 2.88% (0.21%, 5.63%)], branched perfluorooctane sulfonate [2.25% (0.02%, 4.54%)], total PFOS (3.03% (0.37%, 5.76%)), and 2-(N-ethyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido) acetate [EtFOSAA; 1.70% (0.01%, 3.42%)]. Estradiol was inversely associated with perfluorononanoate [PFNA; −2.47% (−4.82%, −0.05%)) and n-PFOA (−2.43% (−4.97%, 0.18%)]. Significant linear trends were observed in the associations between PFOS and EtFOSAA with SHBG across parity (Ps trend ≤ 0.01), with generally inverse associations among nulliparous women but positive associations among women with 3+ births. No significant associations were observed between PFAS and testosterone.

Conclusions
This study observed positive associations of PFOA and PFOS with FSH and inverse associations of PFNA and PFOA with estradiol in midlife women during the menopausal transition, consistent with findings that PFAS affect reproductive aging.
The Relation Between Adult Weight Gain, Adipocyte Volume, and the Metabolic Profile at Middle Age
Authors: Verkouter Inge , Noordam Raymond , Loh Nellie Y , van Dijk Ko Willems , Zock Peter L , Mook-Kanamori Dennis O , le Cessie Saskia , Rosendaal Frits R , Karpe Fredrik , Christodoulides Costantinos , de Mutsert Renée 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Context
Weight gain during adulthood increases cardiometabolic disease risk, possibly through adipocyte hypertrophy.

Objective
We aimed to study the specific metabolomic profile of adult weight gain, and to examine its association with adipocyte volume.

Methods
Nuclear magnetic resonance–based metabolomics were measured in the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity (NEO) study (n = 6347, discovery) and Oxford Biobank (n = 6317, replication). Adult weight gain was calculated as the absolute difference between body mass index (BMI) at middle age and recalled BMI at age 20 years. We performed linear regression analyses with both exposures BMI at age 20 years and weight gain, and separately with BMI at middle age in relation to 149 serum metabolomic measures, adjusted for age, sex, and multiple testing. Additionally, subcutaneous abdominal adipocyte biopsies were collected in a subset of the Oxford Biobank (n = 114) to estimate adipocyte volume.

Results
Mean (SD) weight gain was 4.5 (3.7) kg/m2 in the NEO study and 3.6 (3.7) kg/m2 in the Oxford Biobank. Weight gain, and not BMI at age 20 nor middle age, was associated with concentrations of 7 metabolomic measures after successful replication, which included polyunsaturated fatty acids, small to medium low-density lipoproteins, and total intermediate-density lipoprotein. One SD weight gain was associated with 386 μm3 (95% CI, 143-629) higher median adipocyte volume. Adipocyte volume was associated with lipoprotein particles specific for adult weight gain.

Conclusion
Adult weight gain is associated with specific metabolomic alterations of which the higher lipoprotein concentrations were likely contributed by larger adipocyte volumes, presumably linking weight gain to cardiometabolic disease.
Extracellular Vesicles—The Next Frontier in Endocrinology
Authors: Das Gupta Anasuya , Krawczynska Natalia , Nelson Erik R 
Published: June 2021

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are emerging as important carriers of signals in normal and pathological physiology. As EVs are a long-range communication or signaling modality—just like hormones are—the field of endocrinology is uniquely poised to offer insight into their functional biology and regulation. EVs are membrane-bound particles secreted by many different cell types and can have local or systemic effects, being transported in body fluids. They express transmembrane proteins, some of which are shared between EVs and some being specific to the tissue of origin, that can interact with target cells directly (much like hormones can). They also contain cargo within them that includes DNA, RNA, miRNA, and various metabolites. They can fuse with target cells to empty their cargo and alter their target cell physiology in this way also. Similar to the endocrine system, the EV system is likely to be under homeostatic control, making the regulation of their biogenesis and secretion important aspects to study. In this review, we briefly highlight select examples of how EVs are implicated in normal physiology and disease states. We also discuss what is known about their biogenesis and regulation of secretion. We hope that this paper inspires the endocrinology field to use our collective expertise to explore these new multimodal “hormones.”
pyam: Analysis and visualisation of integrated assessment and macro-energy scenarios
Authors: Huppmann Daniel , Gidden Matthew J. , Nicholls Zebedee , Hörsch Jonas , Lamboll Robin , Kishimoto Paul N. , Burandt Thorsten , Fricko Oliver , Byers Edward , Kikstra Jarmo , Brinkerink Maarten , Budzinski Maik , Maczek Florian , Zwickl-Bernhard Sebastian , Welder Lara , Álvarez Quispe Erik Francisco , Smith Christopher J. 
Published: June 2021

The open-source Python package pyam provides a suite of features and methods for the analysis, validation and visualization of reference data and scenario results generated by integrated assessment models, macro-energy tools and other frameworks in the domain of energy transition, climate change mitigation and sustainable development. It bridges the gap between scenario processing and visualisation solutions that are "hard-wired" to specific modelling frameworks and generic data analysis or plotting packages. The package aims to facilitate reproducibility and reliability of scenario processing, validation and analysis by providing well-tested and documented methods for timeseries aggregation, downscaling and unit conversion. It supports various data formats, including sub-annual resolution using continuous time representation and "representative timeslices". The code base is implemented following best practices of collaborative scientific-software development. This manuscript describes the design principles of the package and the types of data which can be handled. The usefulness of pyam is illustrated by highlighting several recent applications.
Scapula fractures: a review
Authors: Limb David 
Published: June 2021

A consensus is beginning to emerge about the indications for fixation of fractures involving the glenoid fossa of the scapula. The same cannot be firmly said for extra-articular fractures of the blade or the processes of the scapula, with a good deal of reliance on expert opinion from high-volume centres. There are no randomized controlled studies and the systematic reviews that do exist can only pool the data from available case series, making meaningful meta-analysis of limited value. Interest in scapula fractures has increased of late due to the specific association of fractures of the scapular spine and acromion with reverse shoulder arthroplasty. This review summarizes the available evidence that can assist decision making when faced with a patient with a scapula fracture. Which patients should at least be considered for open reduction and internal fixation, either in the centre where they present or after referral to a more specialist centre? These patients are those with a fracture sufficiently displaced that it interferes with the mechanical function of the shoulder girdle and the aim of fixation is to reduce pain and disability. Since the majority of scapula fractures heal quickly with non-surgical treatment and do not cause significant disability, decision making can be difficult, and it is perhaps the case that it is easier to err on the side of caution. However, it seems that there are fracture types, such as significantly displaced double disruptions of the superior suspensory complex, widely displaced lateral column fractures and fractures producing angular deformity of the glenoid process, that benefit from early reduction and stabilization with the expectation of a good outcome for the patient.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:518-525. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210010
Pelvic discontinuity: a challenge to overcome
Authors: Babis George C. , Nikolaou Vasileios S. 
Published: June 2021

Pelvic discontinuity (PD) has been a considerable challenge for the hip revision arthroplasty surgeon. However, not all PDs are the same. Some occur during primary cup insertion, resembling a fresh periprosthetic fracture that separates the superior and inferior portions of the pelvis, while others are chronic as a result of gradual acetabular bone loss due to osteolysis and/or acetabular implant loosening. In the past, ORIF, various types of cages, bone grafts and bone cement were utilized with little success. Today, the biomechanics and biology of PD as well as new diagnostic tools and especially a variety of new implants and techniques are available to hip revision surgeons. Ultraporous cups and augments, cup-cage constructs and custom triflange components have revolutionized the treatment of PD when used in various combinations with ORIF and bone grafts. For chronic PD the cup-cage construct is the most popular method of reconstruction with good medium-term results. Dislocation continues to be the leading cause of failure in all situations, followed by infection. Ultimately, surgeons today have a big enough armamentarium to select the best treatment approach. Case individualization, personal experience and improvisation are the best assets to drive treatment decisions and strategies.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:459-471. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210022
Corona Tracing Apps – Eine Analyse und Strukturierung des europäischen Marktes
Authors: Brendel Alfred Benedikt , Greve Maike , Masuch Kristin , Trang Simon 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungApps für die Kontaktnachverfolgungen – so genannte Corona Tracing Apps – stellen einen essentiellen Teil der nationalen Strategien zur Bekämpfung des COVID-19 Virus dar. Mithilfe dieser Technologie sollen Infektionsketten effektiver nachvollzogen und schnellstmöglich unterbrochen werden. Corona Tracing Apps lassen sich aus Perspektive der Technik, der Entwicklung und der Funktionalität auf verschiedenste Weise gestalten. Aufgrund der Vielfalt an Möglichkeiten wurden seit dem Beginn der Coronapandemie mehr als 40 verschiede Apps entwickelt und in Europa veröffentlicht. Diese Vielfalt an Technologie wird zum Problem, da die Effektivität von Corona Tracing Apps davon abhängt, wieviel Bürger*innen dieselbe App nutzen. Dieser Beitrag widmet sich der Vielfalt verschiedener App Konfigurationen. Auf Basis einer morphologischen Analyse untersuchen wir, in welchen Aspekten sich die Apps unterscheiden und zeigen anschließend, dass sich diese Apps in zwei Archetypen unterscheiden lassen.
Vulnerability of agriculture to climate change increases the risk of child malnutrition: Evidence from a large-scale observational study in India
Authors: Mahapatra Bidhubhusan , Walia Monika , Rao Chitiprolu Anantha Rama , Raju Bellapukonda Murali Krishna , Saggurti Niranjan 
Published: June 2021

Introduction
The impact of climate change on agriculture and food security has been examined quite thoroughly by researchers globally as well as in India. While existing studies provide evidence on how climate variability affects the food security and nutrition, research examining the extent of effect vulnerability of agriculture to climate change can have on nutrition in India are scarce. This study examined a) the association between the degree of vulnerability in agriculture to climate change and child nutrition at the micro-level b) spatial effect of climate vulnerability on child nutrition, and c) the geographical hotspots of both vulnerability in agriculture to climate change and child malnutrition.

Methods
The study used an index on vulnerability of agriculture to climate change and linked it to child malnutrition indicators (stunting, wasting, underweight and anaemia) from the National Family Health Survey 4 (2015–16). Mixed-effect and spatial autoregressive models were fitted to assess the direction and strength of the relationship between vulnerability and child malnutrition at macro and micro level. Spatial analyses examined the within-district and across-district spill-over effects of climate change vulnerability on child malnutrition.

Results
Both mixed-effect and spatial autoregressive models found that the degree of vulnerability was positively associated with malnutrition among children. Children residing in districts with a very high degree of vulnerability were more like to have malnutrition than those residing in districts with very low vulnerability. The analyses found that the odds of a child suffering from stunting increased by 32%, wasting by 42%, underweight by 45%, and anaemia by 63% if the child belonged to a district categorised as very highly vulnerable when compared to those categorised as very low. The spatial analysis also suggested a high level of clustering in the spatial distribution of vulnerability and malnutrition. Hotspots of child malnutrition and degree of vulnerability were mostly found to be clustered around western-central part of India.

Conclusion
Study highlights the consequences that vulnerability of agriculture to climate change can have on child nutrition. Strategies should be developed to mitigate the effect of climate change on areas where there is a clustering of vulnerability and child malnutrition.
Zionism lobbies the empires
Authors: Clark Harry F. 
Published: June 2021

Review of: A Broken Trust: Sir Herbert Samuel, Zionism and the Palestinians, Sahar Huneidi, foreword by Walid Khalidi (2001)
London: I. B. Tauris, 340 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-86064-172-5, h/bk, out-of-print

The Palestine Deception, 1915–1923: The McMahon-Hussein Correspondence, the Balfour Declaration, and the Jewish National Home, J. M. N. Jeffries, edited and with an introduction by William M. Mathew (2014)
Washington, DC: Institute for Palestine Studies-USA, 175 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-88728-320-8, p/bk, $16.00

Palestine. The Reality. The Inside Story of the Balfour Declaration 1917–1938, J. M. N. Jeffries, with a new introduction by Ghada Karmi (2017)
Northampton, MA: Olive Branch Press, 800 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-56656-024-5, p/bk, $30

Israel’s Armor: The Israel Lobby and the First Generation of the Palestine Conflict, Walter L. Hixson (2019)
Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 324 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-108-70532-5, p/bk, $29.99
LOCAL COMMUNITY SUPPORT FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF A HISTORICAL BUILDING INTO A HOTEL: case of the Corupá Seminary/SC
Authors: Brogni Jaqueline de Souza , Vieira Samara Jane Effting , Limberger Pablo Flôres , Júnior Marcos Arnhold 
Published: June 2021

As part of the built historical and cultural heritage of Corupá/SC, the structure of the Sacred Heart of Jesus Seminary [Seminário Sagrado Coração de Jesus] has great tourism potential directly linked to nature, leisure, history and religion. This study investigates the support of the local community for the development of tourism in the city of Corupá and the possibility of turning the historical Seminary building into a hotel. To achieve this objective, a quantitative methodology was used to measure the residents' views on the positive and negative impacts of tourism, and on the introduction of a new hotel in the town. Among the main results, it was found that the local community has a desire to participate, contribute, and give their opinions about project, as they believe that tourism has positive impacts. They also believe that the current structure of the Corupá Seminary, which is lying dormant, is a waste, and that a building that is part of the cultural and historical heritage should not have its use restricted.
GUIDED TOUR: IN THE WAYS OF HALF A CENTURY OF HISTORY OF THE FIRST HOTEL-SCHOOL OF LATIN AMERICA.
Authors: Cobuci Leila de Assis , Da Dalt Thaís Oliveira , Amaral Nathalia Mendes do 
Published: June 2021

This work is the result of experiences lived during the stages of the project "Interpreting the ways of the Hotel-School Senac Grogotó: thematic routes as tools to promote the appreciation of the history and heritage preservation in Senac unit in Barbacena-MG." The project was developed under the extension program of the Technology School of Senac Minas, together with the graduation courses of technology in hospitality and gastronomy. The project is characterized by offering thematic routes, structured as a guided tour, which are conducted by students of the institution in order to present the history and the heritage of the hotel, aiming to sensitize students, guests and other social groups in the community. The development of research and data collection took place between July 2016 and July 2017, and currently the project is still active, with the visits already implemented, as will be seen in the topic Methodology. The methodology used was the exploratory research and intervention research. For this, information was collected from various sources of research that enabled the formatting of a tour script, which was categorized and sectorized. Within this context, it was aimed through the formatting of the guided tour the consolidation of guidelines and methodologies for the reception of groups. This initiative intended to professionalize and expand the visitation to the complex of Hotel School Grogotó. The consolidation project in Barbacena Senac unit is an effective strategy to publicize the heritage and also the educational expertise of the institution, especially in the theme of hospitality. As a result, it provided the recognition and revaluation of historical and cultural aspects of the 1st Hotel-School in Latin America, offering to Barbacena community and other interested parties educational and entertainment opportunities. The guided tour is formatted in seven points of interpretation, and along the route the places of the Hotel-School that present as relevant spaces in the professional technical training since the year 1960 are visited. In this sense, the project contributes to creating places for students and teachers to experience and materialize the construction of a more inclusive and participatory society, providing the transforming relationship between school and society, establishing the exchange of academic and popular knowledge, in order to democratize the knowledge produced in the classroom. Finally, the project opens the space for participation of the community in the Hotel-School in a more significant way.
Analisis Neraca Air dan Prasarana Tampungan Air di DAS Ciujung
Authors: Kurniasari Yulia Dwi , Arifin Hadi Susilo , Purwanto Muhammad Yanuar 
Published: June 2021

Peningkatan jumlah penduduk, laju pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pengembangan wilayah berdampak pada kondisi sumber daya air. Keterbatasan prasarana tampungan air menjadi penyebab pentingnya distribusi sumber daya air secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kondisi neraca air dan prasarana tampungan air yang ada di DAS Ciujung. Metode yang digunakan adalah menghitung kebutuhan dan ketersediaan air, Neraca surplus-defisit, Indeks Pemakaian Air (IPA) dan Indeks ketersediaan air per kapita berdasarkan metode SNI 6728.1.2015 serta indikator tampungan air. Ketersediaan air dihitung berdasarkan debit andalan 80% (Q80). Kebutuhan air dihitung dari kebutuhan rumah tangga, perkotaan, industri (RKI), irigasi, peternakan, perikanan dan pemeliharaan sungai. Prasarana tampungan air dihitung melalui indikator tampungan bangunan konservasi air yang ada. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan air di DAS Ciujung sebesar 37,52 m3/detik sedangkan ketersediaan airnya sebesar 36,57 m3/detik. Hal ini mengindikasikan adanya defisit air sebesar 0,95 m3/detik. Indeks Pemakaian Air sebesar 1,03 (kategori jelek). Indeks ketersediaan air per kapita sebesar 623,05 (indikasi kelangkaan air). Sedangkan indikator tampungan air sebesar 31,34% (kategori baik). ABSTRACTThe population growth, the rapid rate of economic growth and regional development will have an impact on the condition of water resources. Limited water storage infrastructure is the importance cause of allocating water resources. The objective of study is to know the water balance and water storage infrastructure in Ciujung Watershed. The analysis methods was used to calculate the amount of water supply and demand, to calculate the surplus-deficit balance, Water Consumption index (IPA), Water Availability Index per Capita refers to SNI 6728.1.2015 and water storage indicator. Water supply calculation based on the mainstay discharge of 80% (Q80). Water demands calculation from the demand of households, cities and industries (RKI), irrigation, livestock, fisheries and river maintenance. Capacity of existing water conservation storage used to predict the water storage infrastructure. The results of analysis show that the water demands in Ciujung Watershed is 37,52 m3/second, while the water supply is 36,57 m3/second. This indicates there is a water deficit of 0,95 m3/second. According to calculation, Water Consumption Index is 1,03 (bad category), It resulted that Water availability index per capita is 623,05 (water scarcity indicator). On the other hand, Indicator for water storage is 31,34% (good category).
Wall-crossing in genus-zero hybrid theory
Authors: Clader Emily , Ross Dustin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The hybrid model is the Landau–Ginzburg-type theory that is expected, via the Landau–Ginzburg/ Calabi–Yau correspondence, to match the Gromov–Witten theory of a complete intersection in weighted projective space. We prove a wall-crossing formula exhibiting the dependence of the genus-zero hybrid model on its stability parameter, generalizing the work of [21] for quantum singularity theory and paralleling the work of Ciocan-Fontanine–Kim [7] for quasimaps. This completes the proof of the genus-zero Landau– Ginzburg/Calabi–Yau correspondence for complete intersections of hypersurfaces of the same degree, as well as the proof of the all-genus hybrid wall-crossing [11].
𝔽p2-maximal curves with many automorphisms are Galois-covered by the Hermitian curve
Authors: Bartoli Daniele , Montanucci Maria , Torres Fernando 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLet 𝔽 be the finite field of orderq2. It is sometimes attributed to Serre that any curve 𝔽-covered by the Hermitian curveHq+1:yq+1=xq+x${{\mathcal{H}}_{q+1}}:{{y}^{q+1}}={{x }^{q}}+x$is also 𝔽-maximal. For prime numbersqwe show that every 𝔽-maximal curvex$\mathcal{x}$of genusg≥ 2 with | Aut(𝒳) | > 84(g− 1) is Galois-covered byHq+1.${{\mathcal{H}}_{q+1}}.$The hypothesis on | Aut(𝒳) | is sharp, since there exists an 𝔽-maximal curvex$\mathcal{x}$forq= 71 of genusg= 7 with | Aut(𝒳) | = 84(7 − 1) which is not Galois-covered by the Hermitian curveH72.${{\mathcal{H}}_{72}}.$