bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The associations between coronary artery disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by computed tomography
Authors: Saraya Samira , Saraya Mahmoud , Mahmoud Mohamed , Galal Mohamed , Soliman Hazem Hamed , Raafat Mariam 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing in recognition as a hepatic condition that is unrelated to significant alcoholic consumption, but has rather, been suggested to constitute cardiovascular risk (irrespective of traditional risk factors and high-risk plaque features). Both coronary artery disease and NAFLD share the same pathophysiology and metabolic profile. NAFLD can theoretically be a source/initiator for coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to study the association between NAFLD, CAD, the presence of high-risk plaque features, and the severity of stenosis.

Results
We recruited 800 patients with suspected obstructive CAD and planned for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), Exclusion criteria: heavy alcohol consumption; contraindications to contrast media; unevaluated coronary-artery segments; other known liver disease; and use of oral corticosteroids and/or amiodarone. Non-enhanced Computed Tomography abdomen was performed before the CCTA to detect NAFLD. To study the association between NAFLD and the presence of CAD, patients were classified as to either have, or not have CAD. The CAD group were then further studied for the presence of high-risk plaque features: napkin ring sign, Positive remodelling, Low Hounsfield unit (HU), and Spotty calcium; and their association with NAFLD. Thirty-two per cent of patients had NAFLD and 45% had CAD. A significant association between NAFLD and CAD was found (OR 4.21, 95% CI (confidence interval) (2.83–6.25), p = 0.000). In CAD patients, significant associations were present between NAFLD and high-risk plaque features: Napkin ring sign, Positive remodelling, Low HU, and Spotty calcium (OR 7.88, 95% CI (4.39–14.12), p < 0.001, OR 5.84, 95% (3.85–8.85), p < 0.001, OR 7.25, 95% CI (3.31–15.90), p < 0.001 and OR 6.66, 95% CI (3.75–11.82), p < 0.001), respectively. NAFLD was present in 39.30%, 50.00%, 20.00%, 54.50% and 100.00% of patients with CAD; and 1–24%; 25–49%; 50–69%; 7 = 0–99%, LMD (Left Main Disease) > 50% stenosis or 3V disease, and Total occlusion, respectively, p < 0.001.

Conclusions
NAFLD is strongly associated with CAD, high-risk plaque features and higher grade of stenosis.
Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Patients With Thyroid Cancer After Thyroidectomy: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Roh Eun , Noh Eunjin , Hwang Soon Young , Kim Jung A , Song Eyun , Park Minjeong , Choi Kyung Mook , Baik Sei Hyun , Cho Geum Joon , Yoo Hye Jin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Context
Abnormal thyroid function after thyroidectomy and subsequent thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression can have detrimental effects on glucose homeostasis in patients with thyroid cancer.

Objective
To investigate whether thyroidectomy increases the risk of type 2 diabetes in patients with thyroid cancer and to explore the association between levothyroxine dosage and type 2 diabetes risk.

Methods
A retrospective population-based cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance database. We included 36 377 thyroid cancer patients without known diabetes who underwent thyroidectomy between 2004 and 2013. Matched subjects with nonthyroid cancer were selected using 1:1 propensity score matching. The main outcome measure was newly developed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Results
Patients with thyroid cancer who underwent thyroidectomy had a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus than the matched controls (hazard ratio [HR] 1.43, 95% CI 1.39-1.47). Among patients with thyroid cancer, when the second quartile group (in terms of the mean levothyroxine dosage; 101-127 μg/day) was considered the reference group, the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus increased in the first quartile (&lt;101 μg/day; HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.36-1.54) and fourth quartile groups (≥150 μg/day; HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.29-1.45); meanwhile, the risk decreased in the third quartile group (128-149 μg/day; HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.85-0.97).

Conclusion
Patients with thyroid cancer who underwent thyroidectomy were more likely to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus than the matched controls. There was a U-shaped dose-dependent relationship between the levothyroxine dosage and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk.
Variations of C14ORF39 and SYCE1 Identified in Idiopathic Premature Ovarian Insufficiency and Nonobstructive Azoospermia
Authors: Hou Dong , Yao Chencheng , Xu Bingying , Luo Wei , Ke Hanni , Li Zheng , Qin Yingying , Guo Ting 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Context
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) are the most severe diseases causing irreversible infertility in females and males, respectively. The contribution of synaptonemal complex (SC) gene variations in the pathogenesis of sporadic patients with POI and NOA has not been systematically illustrated.

Objective
To investigate the role of SC genes in the pathogenesis of sporadic POI and NOA.

Design
Genetic and functional study.

Setting
University-based reproductive medicine center.

Patient(s)
A total of 1030 patients with sporadic POI and 400 patients with sporadic NOA.

Intervention(s)
The variations of SC genes were filtered in the in-house database of whole exome sequencing performed in 1030 patients with sporadic POI and 400 patients with sporadic NOA. The pathogenic or likely pathogenic variations following recessive inheritance mode were selected according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The pathogenic effects of the variations were verified by functional studies.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
ACMG classification and functional characteristics.

Result(s)
Two homozygous variations of C14ORF39 and 2 recessive variations of SYCE1 were first identified in sporadic patients with POI and NOA, respectively. Functional studies showed the C14ORF39 variations significantly accelerated the protein degradation and the variations in SYCE1 disrupted its interaction with SYCP1 or C14ORF39, both of which affected SC assembly and meiosis.

Conclusion(s)
Our study identified novel pathogenic variations of C14ORF39 and SYCE1 in sporadic patients with POI or NOA, highlighting the essential role of SC genes in the maintenance of ovarian and testicular function.
TRIB3 Is Highly Expressed in the Adipose Tissue of Obese Patients and Is Associated With Insulin Resistance
Authors: Lee Seul Ki , Park Chan Yoon , Kim Jimin , Kim Donguk , Choe Han , Kim Jong-Hyeok , Hong Joon Pio , Lee Yeon Ji , Heo Yoonseok , Park Hye Soon , Jang Yeon Jin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Context
The upregulation of TRIB3 (Tribbles homolog 3), a stress-inducible gene encoding a pseudokinase, has been implicated in the development of insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle and liver of patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, there is little information regarding TRIB3 expression in human adipose tissue.

Objective
To investigate whether TRIB3 expression is dysregulated in human adipose tissue in the context of obesity and type 2 diabetes and whether TRIB3 expression in adipose tissues is associated with insulin resistance.

Methods
We measured metabolic parameters and TRIB3 expression in abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in obese (with or without type 2 diabetes) and normal-weight women. Regulation of TRIB3 expression was studied in human adipocytes.

Results
TRIB3 expression in both fat depots was higher in patients with obesity and/or type 2 diabetes; in addition, the expression level was significantly associated with insulin resistance. Incubating adipocytes under conditions mimicking the microenvironment of obese adipose tissue, including increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, induced TRIB3 expression. In human adipocytes, the overexpression of TRIB3 impaired insulin-stimulated protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation and caused dysregulation of the transcription of genes encoding bioactive molecules released from adipocytes, such as proinflammatory cytokines, adiponectin, and leptin. Pioglitazone, an insulin-sensitizing agent, reduced both these effects of TRIB3 and the ER stressor–induced expression of TRB3.

Conclusion
Our data indicate that TRIB3 expression in adipose tissue is enhanced in patients with obesity and suggest that increased TRIB3 dysregulates adipocyte function, which may contribute to the development of insulin resistance.
Long-Term Effects of Metreleptin in Rabson-Mendenhall Syndrome on Glycemia, Growth, and Kidney Function
Authors: Okawa Marinna C , Cochran Elaine , Lightbourne Marissa , Brown Rebecca J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Context
Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome (RMS) is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the insulin receptor gene (INSR) leading to insulin-resistant diabetes, microvascular complications, and growth hormone resistance with short stature. Small, uncontrolled studies suggest that 1-year treatment with recombinant leptin (metreleptin) improves glycemia in RMS.

Objective
This study aimed to determine effects of long-term metreleptin in RMS on glycemia, anthropometrics, the growth hormone axis, and kidney function.

Methods
We compared RMS patients during nonrandomized open-label treatment with metreleptin (≥ 0.15 mg/kg/day) vs no metreleptin over 90 months (5 subjects in both groups at different times, 4 only in metreleptin group, 2 only in control group). Main outcome measures were A1c; glucose; insulin; 24-hour urine glucose; standard deviation scores (SDS) for height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1); growth hormone; and estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Results
Over time, metreleptin-treated subjects maintained 1.8 percentage point lower A1c vs controls (P = 0.007), which remained significant after accounting for changes in insulin doses. Metreleptin-treated subjects had a reduction in BMI SDS, which predicted decreased A1c. Growth hormone increased after metreleptin treatment vs control, with no difference in SDS between groups for IGF-1 or height. Reduced BMI predicted higher growth hormone, while reduced A1c predicted higher IGF-1.

Conclusion
Metreleptin alters the natural history of rising A1c in RMS, leading to lower A1c throughout long-term follow-up. Improved glycemia with metreleptin is likely attributable to appetite suppression and lower BMI SDS. Lower BMI after metreleptin may also worsen growth hormone resistance in RMS, resulting in a null effect on IGF-1 and growth despite improved glycemia.
Management of Childhood-onset Craniopharyngioma in Italy: A Multicenter, 7-Year Follow-up Study of 145 Patients
Authors: Zucchini Stefano , Di Iorgi Natascia , Pozzobon Gabriella , Pedicelli Stefania , Parpagnoli Maria , Driul Daniela , Matarazzo Patrizia , Baronio Federico , Crocco Marco , Iudica Giovanna , Partenope Cristina , Nardini Beatrice , Ubertini Graziamaria , Menardi Rachele , Guzzetti Chiara , Iughetti Lorenzo , Aversa Tommaso , Di Mase Raffaella , Cassio Alessandra ,   Physiopathology of Growth Processes and Puberty Study Group of the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Cianfarani Stefano , Maghnie Mohamad , Tuli Gerdi , Loche Sandro , Bruzzi Patrizia , Wasniewska Malgorzata , Salerno Mariacarolina , Rutigliano Irene , Iezzi Maria Laura , Cherubini Valentino , Grandone Anna , Faienza Maria Felicia , Tumini Stefano , Baldoli Cristina , Consales Alessandro , Genitori Lorenzo , Marras Carlo Efisio , MIlanaccio Claudia , Mortini Pietro , Vindigni Marco , Zenga Francesco , Zucchelli Mino 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Context
Nationwide data on children diagnosed with craniopharyngioma (CP) are not available in Italy.

Objective
This work aimed to identify patients’ characteristics, type of surgical approach, complications and recurrences, number of pituitary deficits, and number of patients starting growth hormone (GH) treatment.

Methods
A retrospective multicenter collection took place of 145 patients aged 0 to 18 years who underwent surgery for CP between 2000 and 2018, and followed up in 17 Italian centers of pediatric endocrinology.

Results
Age at diagnosis was 8.4 ± 4.1 years. Duration of symptoms was 10.8 ± 12.5 months and headache was most frequent (54%), followed by impaired growth (48%) and visual disturbances (44%). Most lesions were suprasellar (85%), and histology was adamantinomatous in all cases but two. Surgical approach was transcranial (TC) in 67.5% of cases and transsphenoidal (TS) in 31.%. The TC approach was prevalent in all age groups. Postsurgery complications occurred in 53% of cases, with water-electrolyte disturbances most frequent. Radiotherapy was used in 39% of cases. All patients but one presented with at least one hormone pituitary deficiency, with thyrotropin deficiency most frequent (98.3%), followed by adrenocorticotropin (96.8%), arginine vasopressin (91.1%), and GH (77.4%). Body mass index (BMI) significantly increased over time. A hypothalamic disturbance was present in 55% of cases. GH therapy was started during follow-up in 112 patients at a mean age of 10.6 years, and 54 developed a recurrence or regrowth of the residual lesion.

Conclusion
CP is often diagnosed late in Italy, with TC more frequent than the TS surgical approach. Postsurgery complications were not rare, and hypopituitarism developed almost in all cases. BMI shows a tendency to increase overtime.
Cardiometabolic and Mental Health in Women With Early Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Quansah Dan Yedu , Gross Justine , Gilbert Leah , Pauchet Amelie , Horsch Antje , Benhalima Katrien , Cosson Emmanuel , Puder Jardena J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Context
Early diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes (GDM) may reduce adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes, especially in high-risk women. However, there is a lack of data for other outcomes.

Objective
We compared cardiometabolic and mental health outcomes in women with early (eGDM) and classical (cGDM) GDM.

Methods
This prospective cohort included 1185 All women with cGDM and 76 women with eGDM. The eGDM group had GDM risk factors (BMI &gt;30 kg/m2, family history of diabetes, history of GDM, ethnicity), were tested at &lt;20 weeks gestational age, and diagnosed using American Diabetes Association prediabetes criteria. All women underwent lifestyle adaptations. Obstetric, neonatal, mental, and cardiometabolic outcomes were assessed during pregnancy and postpartum.

Results
The eGDM group had lower gestational weight gain than cGDM (10.7 ± 6.2 vs 12.6 ± 6.4; P = 0.03) but needed more medical treatment (66% vs 42%; P &lt; 0.001). They had similar rates of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, except for increased large-for-gestational-age infants (25% vs 15%; P = 0.02). Mental health during pregnancy and postpartum did not differ between groups. eGDM had more atherogenic postpartum lipid profile than cGDM (P ≤ 0.001). In eGDM, the postpartum prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) was 1.8-fold, prediabetes was 3.1-fold, and diabetes was 7.4-fold higher than cGDM (waist circumference-based MetS: 62% vs 34%/BMI-based MetS: 46% vs 24%; prediabetes: 47.5% vs 15.3%; diabetes: 11.9% vs 1.6%, all P &lt; 0.001). These differences remained unchanged after adjusting for GDM risk factors.

Conclusion
Compared with cGDM, eGDM was not associated with differences in mental health, but with increased adverse cardiometabolic outcomes, independent of GDM risk factors and gestational weight gain. This hints to a preexisting risk profile in eGDM.
Maternal 11-Ketoandrostenedione Rises Through Normal Pregnancy and Is the Dominant 11-Oxygenated Androgen in Cord Blood
Authors: He Xin , Banker Margaret , Puttabyatappa Muraly , Padmanabhan Vasantha , Auchus Richard J 
Published: October 2021

AbstractContextAdrenal-derived 11-oxygenated androgens (11oAs) are known important contributors to human physiology and disease but have not been studied in pregnancy.ObjectiveWe characterize 11oAs in normal human pregnancy and neonatal period and assess the ratios between 11oAs and compare with ratios of other steroids that undergo placental metabolism.DesignProspective cohort study, 2010-2018.SettingAcademic institution.PatientsPairs of pregnant women and newborns (n = 120) were studied. Inclusion criteria were maternal age between 18 and 42 years old, spontaneous singleton pregnancies, and intention to deliver at University of Michigan.InterventionMaternal venous blood was collected during first trimester and at term. Neonatal cord blood was collected following delivery. Steroids were measured via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Main Outcome MeasuresLevels of 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione (11OHA4), 11-ketoandrostenedione (11KA4), 11β-hydroxytestosterone, and 11-ketotestoterone (11KT) in maternal first trimester, maternal term, and neonatal cord blood were compared. 11OHA4-to-11KA4 ratios were correlated with cortisol-to-cortisone ratios.ResultsDominant 11oAs in pregnancy and the cord blood are 11OHA4 and 11KA4, compared to 11OHA4 and 11KT in adult men and nonpregnant women. We found a rise in 11oA concentrations, particularly 11KA4, from first to third trimester. In cord blood, the concentration of 11KA4 exceeded those of both 11OHA4 and 11KT, reflecting placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11βHSD2) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17βHSD2) activities, respectively. 11OHA4-to-11KA4 ratios are concordant with cortisol-to-cortisone ratios across all maternal and fetal compartments, reflecting placental 11βHSD2 activity.ConclusionsPlacental 17βHSD2 activity defends the fetus against the androgen 11KT. Our normative values may be used in future studies of 11oAs in complicated pregnancies.
Crosstalk Between Adipose and Lymphatics in Health and Disease
Authors: Westcott Gregory P , Rosen Evan D 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Adipose tissue, once thought to be an inert receptacle for energy storage, is now recognized as a complex tissue with multiple resident cell populations that actively collaborate in response to diverse local and systemic metabolic, thermal, and inflammatory signals. A key participant in adipose tissue homeostasis that has only recently captured broad scientific attention is the lymphatic vasculature. The lymphatic system’s role in lipid trafficking and mediating inflammation makes it a natural partner in regulating adipose tissue, and evidence supporting a bidirectional relationship between lymphatics and adipose tissue has accumulated in recent years. Obesity is now understood to impair lymphatic function, whereas altered lymphatic function results in aberrant adipose tissue deposition, though the molecular mechanisms governing these phenomena have yet to be fully elucidated. We will review our current understanding of the relationship between adipose tissue and the lymphatic system here, focusing on known mechanisms of lymphatic-adipose crosstalk.
SELF-PRESERVATION ATTITUDES OF YOUTH AND ADOLESCENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Simaeva Irina N. , Budarina Anna O. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose. The study is aimed at the analysis of the fundamental structure, functions and self-preservation attitudes and manifestations in the behavior of youth and adolescents in human ecology-aware contexts during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Background. Against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has come up an insufficient psychological readiness of young people of many countries, including the Russian Federation, for self-preserving behavior under the threat of an infectious disease with high virulence. The results of the study make it possible to assess the possible risks and develop preventive measures for correcting the social orientation of youth and adolescents towards maintaining health among individuals and social groups of young people.
Study Design. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the cognitive, conative (stimulating) and emotional components of the self-preservation attitudes of adolescents and youth. It is shown how the latent dysfunction of the attitude towards maintaining health and impaired self-preservation behavior in the relatively safe period, manifests itself as a predisposition to the behavior that poses a threat to human health and survival during the COVID-19 pandemic. A comparative analysis of the structure, functions and phenomena of self-preservation attitudes of young people before and during the pandemic has been made based on empirical studies of the authors conducted in the Kaliningrad region of the Russian Federation within the period of 2010–2019.
Participants. 600 respondents in the city of Kaliningrad and the Kaliningrad region were examined during the period of 10 years (2010–2019). They comprised secondary school children aged 12–16 (20%), and men (34%) and women (46%) being university and college students majoring in humanitarian and technical fields of study aged 18–24.
Methods. The authorial methodology “The Readiness for Self-Preservation Behavior” in comparison with the data analysis within the contexts of the COVID-19 pandemic which were available to access from the Internet, open global media sources, public records, and the official sources.
Results. The dysfunction and weakness of the self-preserving attitude is caused by the low level and inconsistency of the cognitive, conative (behavioral), emotional and evaluative components in the structure of the self-preserving attitude settings for different spheres of life in adolescents and students in the Kaliningrad region, as well as a lack of behavioral experience that strengthens the psychological disorientation of young people in the field of health preservation.
Findings. The low psychological readiness of young people to maintain health and display human the self-preserving behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic was manifested by irrelevant behavioral phenomena: the neglect of protective equipment and hygiene measures, as well as the open and veiled resistance to the self-isolation regime.
Dampak Pengumuman Covid-19 Terhadap Return Saham: Penelaahan Beberapa Sektor Industri
Authors: Sari Leni , Bone Hariman 
Published: October 2021

This Research is an event study that examine abnormal return difference before and after first announcement of covid-19 case in Indonesia. This Study use daily closing price data to calculate returns. We use 30 days estimation period and 20 days window period. The data collection method is purposive sampling. There are 64 companies that meet the establish criteria. Wilcoxon signed rank test and paired sample t-test were used to examine the difference in abnormal return before and after the covid-19 first case announcement in Hotel, Restaurant & Tourism, Banking and telecommunication sector. This study found that there was no difference in abnormal returns before and after the announcement of the first Covid-19 case in Hotel, Restaurant & Tourism and Banking sector. Furthermore, this study found differences in abnormal return before and after the announcement of the first covid 19 case in telecommunication sector. How to Cite:Sari, L., & Bone, H. (2021). Dampak Pengumuman Covid-19 Terhadap Return Saham: Penelaahan Beberapa Sektor Industri. Akuntabilitas: Jurnal Ilmu Akuntansi, 14(2), 269-278.