bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
𝑯(curl
2)-Conforming Spectral Element Method for Quad-Curl Problems
Authors: Wang Lixiu , Li Huiyuan , Zhang Zhimin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we propose an

H
⁢

(

curl
2

)

\boldsymbol{H}(\mathbf{curl}^{2})

-conforming spectral elements to solve the quad-curl problem on cubic meshes in three dimensions.
Starting with generalized vectorial Jacobi polynomials, we first construct the basis functions of the

H
⁢

(

curl
2

)

\boldsymbol{H}(\mathbf{curl}^{2})

-conforming spectral elements using the contravariant transform together with the affine mapping from the reference cube onto each physical element.
Falling into four categories, interior modes, face modes, edge modes, and vertex modes, these

H
⁢

(

curl
2

)

\boldsymbol{H}(\mathbf{curl}^{2})

-conforming basis functions are constructed in an arbitrarily high degree with a hierarchical structure.
Next,

H
⁢

(

curl
2

)

\boldsymbol{H}(\mathbf{curl}^{2})

-conforming spectral element approximation schemes are established to solve the boundary value problem as well as the eigenvalue problem of quad-curl equations.
Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the ℎ-version and the 𝑝-version of our

H
⁢

(

curl
2

)

\boldsymbol{H}(\mathbf{curl}^{2})

-conforming spectral element method.
Microstructure and properties of Co–Al porous intermetallics fabricated by thermal explosion reaction
Authors: Kang Xueqin , Qiao Lei , Zhang Haifei , Wang Jianzhong , Feng Peizhong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Co–Al porous intermetallics were fabricated by an efficient and energy-saving method of thermal explosion (TE) reactions. The effects of Co/Al molar ratios on the temperature profiles, phase compositions, expansion behaviors, density, pore characteristics, and oxidation resistance were investigated. When the target furnace temperature was set at 700°C, there was an obvious exothermic peak in the temperature profiles. The ignition temperatures were in the range of 600–645°C, and the combustion temperatures were in the range of 984–1,421°C. Co–Al porous intermetallics had the open porosity of 27–43%, and the pores were from nonfully dense green compacts and explosion behaviors of TE. The specimen with Co:Al = 2:9 possessed a higher open porosity of 42.8%, the lowest density of 1.86 g cm−3, and the largest volume expansion of 76.7%. The porous specimens with Co:Al = 1:1 possessed the highest open porosity of 43.2%, the lowest volume expansion of 12.3%, and the highest density of 3.42 g cm−3. All Co–Al porous intermetallics showed excellent oxidation resistance at 650°C in air, especially the specimen with Co:Al = 1:1 had the highest oxidation resistance.
L2 use of pragmatic markers in peer talk: Mandarin utterance-final particles
Authors: Diao Wenhao , Chen Chen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis mixed-methods study investigates how Mandarin L1 and L2 speakers use final-utterance particles to negotiate difference and affect. Utilizing a corpus consisting of spontaneous conversations between American study abroad students and their Chinese peers in shared dorm rooms, the focus here is a set of utterance-final pragmatic particles that are multifunctional in Mandarin spoken discourse. This study combines a corpus-based approach with qualitative discourse analysis to reveal differences between L1 and L2 speakers in terms of frequency and pragmatic functions in the discourse context. The findings show that utterance-final pragmatic particles were among the most silent lexical differences between L1 and L2 speakers. Significant differences between the two groups are found in the use of every particle. Qualitative results reveal how L1 speakers use the particles to negotiate intercultural differences and manage interpersonal relationship, while L2 learners’ use of them was limited in terms of variety and function.
What is the Place of My Rest? Being Migrant People(s) of the God of All the Earth
Authors: Hays Christopher M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article provides a theological reading of Acts 6–7, combining biblical and social-scientific insights to support constructive Christian engagement with the phenomena of twenty-first century migration. It responds broadly to US-American migratory phenomena, while drawing on insights from the Bible, migration studies, and the author’s own work with Colombian victims of forced migration. The article begins with an exegetical examination of the dispute between Hebrews and Hellenists in Acts 6 and Stephen’s speech in Acts 7, arguing that migratory issues underlie both the conflicts in these texts and the theological arguments Stephen adduces in his own defense. These biblical-theological reflections are then supplemented with an introduction to two social-scientific concepts that have been influential in migration studies, specifically, the notions of identity hybridity and migrant integration (as opposed to assimilation). The article demonstrates how the book of Acts reflects the benefits of healthy forms of identity hybridity and migrant integration and commends similar approaches for contemporary migrants and Christian communities in the Americas (both the United States and Colombia).
The phenotypic spectrum associated with OTX2 mutations in humans
Authors: Gregory Louise C , Gergics Peter , Nakaguma Marilena , Bando Hironori , Patti Giuseppa , McCabe Mark J , Fang Qing , Ma Qianyi , Ozel Ayse Bilge , Li Jun Z , Poina Michele Moreira , Jorge Alexander A L , Benedetti Anna F Figueredo , Lerario Antonio M , Arnhold Ivo J P , Mendonca Berenice B , Maghnie Mohamad , Camper Sally A , Carvalho Luciani R S , Dattani Mehul T 
Published: May 2021

Objective
The transcription factor OTX2is implicated in ocular, craniofacial, and pituitary development.

Design
We aimed to establish the contribution of OTX2 mutations in congenital hypopituitarism patients with/without eye abnormalities, study functional consequences, and establish OTX2 expression in the human brain, with a view to investigate the mechanism of action.

Methods
We screened patients from the UK (n = 103), international centres (n = 24), and Brazil (n = 282); 145 were within the septo-optic dysplasia spectrum, and 264 had no eye phenotype. Transactivation ability of OTX2 variants was analysed in murine hypothalamic GT1-7 neurons. In situ hybridization was performed on human embryonic brain sections. Genetically engineered mice were generated with a series of C-terminal OTX2 variants.

Results
Two chromosomal deletions and six haploinsufficient mutations were identified in individuals with eye abnormalities; an affected relative of one patient harboured the same mutation without an ocular phenotype. OTX2 truncations led to significant transactivation reduction. A missense variant was identified in another patient without eye abnormalities; however, studies revealed it was most likely not causative. In the mouse, truncations proximal to aa219 caused anophthalmia, while distal truncations and the missense variant were tolerated. During human embryogenesis, OTX2 was expressed in the posterior pituitary, retina, ear, thalamus, choroid plexus, and partially in the hypothalamus, but not in the anterior pituitary.

Conclusions
OTX2 mutations are rarely associated with hypopituitarism in isolation without eye abnormalities, and may be variably penetrant, even within the same pedigree. Our data suggest that the endocrine phenotypes in patients with OTX2 mutations are of hypothalamic origin.
“Under the Lebanese flag”: National Unity in the Movement of October 17th
Authors: Rakickaja Marija 
Published: May 2021

This article aims to understand how national unity is being constructed in the context of the protest movement, started on October 17th, 2019 in Lebanon, what it is grounded on and what is the role of the elite in the process. The study is based on an ethnographic research conducted in Beirut between October 17th and December 19th, 2019, and analyzes the movement of October 17th as an instance of nation-building from below.
It became clear that a unity across different communities has emerged from below and reached “tipping point” coinciding with the movement of October 17th, which provided new spaces for people to engage in “viral peer-to-peer networking” creating a “feedback loop” reinforcing the unity based on shared grievances and idea of a civil state. It is argued that elite is not necessary for a national sentiment to emerge. Its durability is though assumed to be related to efficacy and thus possibly impacted by leadership.
Respon Komunitas Paradise Striver terhadap Dakwah Ustadz Abu Takeru
Authors: Trisna Neng Rita , Rahman Encep Taufik , Saepuloh Uwoh 
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to determine the response of attention, understanding, and acceptance of the Paradise Striver Community towards the mission of Abu Takeru. In this research, the method used is descriptive method using quantitative approach. The study used questionnaire as the instrument filled out by respondents who are members of the community. Sampling of 50 respondents was taken by using the Taro Yamane formula. shows that the hypothesis Ha was accepted while Ho was rejected. The variable x has a positive response to the variable y. The results of the calculation of Path Analysis (Coefficient of etermination) produces R2 of 0.612 or 61.2%. This shows a high significance level with the percentage of response contribution of variable x, and variable y at 61.2% meanwhile, the remaining of 38.8% are in fluenced or explained by other variables that are not examined by the researchers.
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon perhatian, pengertian, dan penerimaan Komunitas Paradise Striver terhadap dakwah Abu Takeru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian menggunakan kuesioner diisi oleh responden yang bertindak sebagai anggota Komunitas. Pengambilan sampel sebanyak 50 responden, diambil menggunakan rumus Taro Yamane. Hasil penelitian respon perhatian, pengertian, dan penerimaan Komunitas Paradise Striver terhadap Dakwah Abu Takeru, menghasilkan hipotesis Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Variabel x memiliki respon positif terhadap variabel y. Perhitungan Analisis Path (Koefisien Determinasi) menghasilkan R2 sebesar 0,612 atau sebesar 61,2%. Hal ini menunjukan tingkat signifikansi yang kuat dengan persentase sumbangan respon variabel x, dan variabel y sebesar 61,2%. Sedangkan sisanya 38,8% dipengaruhi atau dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti oleh peneliti.
Yazar Otorite Dizininde Karşılaşılan Sorunlar: Ankara Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: Koç Okan , Atılgan Doğan 
Published: May 2021

Otorite dizinleri, kütüphane dermesinin etkin ve doğru bir şekilde kullanıcıyla paylaşılmasını kolaylaştırdığı gibi, ulusal ve uluslararası standartlaşmanın sağlanması konusunda anahtar bir role sahiptir. Yazar adlarının bilgiye erişimde tarama seçeneği olarak ilk önce tercih ediliyor olması, yazar otorite dizinlerinin gerekliliğini ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Yazar otorite dizinleri kütüphane dermesinin kontrolü noktasında bir zorunluluk olarak görülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada yazar otorite dizinlerinin gerekliliği, bibliyografik kontrol açısından önemi ve otorite dizini oluşturulurken karşılaşılan sorunlar tartışılmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında örneklem olarak seçilen Ankara Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi kataloğundaki 8980 bilgi kaynağı incelenmiştir. Aynı zamanda yazarlara ait farklı isim ve mahlasların belirlenebilmesi için mevcut basılı kaynaklar, veri tabanları ve elektronik kaynaklar incelenmiştir. Ayrıca VIAF üzerinde yer alan Türk yazarlara ait otorite kayıtları Ankara Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi kayıtları ile karşılaştırılmış, yazar giriş tutarlılıkları ve hataları belirlenmiştir. VIAF ve RDA rehberliğinde bir yazar otorite dizini hazırlanırken hangi kurallar ve ilkelerin dikkate alınması gerektiği vurgulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda yazar otorite dizinlerinin nasıl hazırlanacağı ve kullanımının yaygınlaştırılması doğrultusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Urinary Excretion of Aquaporin-2 in Rat Is Mediated by a Vasopressin-Dependent Apical Pathway
Authors: WEN HUAJIE , FRØKIÆR JØRGEN , KWON TAE-HWAN , NIELSEN SØREN 
Published: May 2021

Abstract.
Clinical studies have shown that aquaporin-2 (AQP2), the vasopressin-regulated water channel, is excreted in the urine, and that the excretion increases in response to vasopressin. However, the cellular mechanisms involved in AQP2 excretion are unknown, and it is unknown whether the excretion correlates with AQP2 levels in kidney or levels in the apical plasma membrane. The present study was undertaken to clarify these issues. Immunoblotting of rat urine samples revealed significant excretion of AQP2, whereas AQP3, being a basolateral aquaporin in the same cells, was undetectable. Thus, there was a nonproportional excretion of AQP2 and AQP3 (compared with kidney levels), indicating that AQP2 is excreted predominantly via a selective apical pathway and not by whole cell shedding. Urinary AQP2 was associated with small vesicles, membrane fragments, and multivesicular bodies as determined by immunoelectron microscopy and negative staining techniques. In rats with normal water supply, daily urinary excretion of AQP2 was 3.9 ± 0.9% (n = 6) of total kidney expression. Treatment with desmopressin acetate subcutaneously caused a fourfold increase in urinary excretion of AQP2 during 8 h. Forty-eight hours of thirsting, known to increase endogenous vasopressin secretion, resulted in a three-fold increase in kidney AQP2 levels but urinary excretion increased ninefold to 15 ± 3% (n = 6) of AQP2 in kidney of thirsted rats. Moreover, rats that were thirsted for 48 h and subsequently allowed free access to water for 24 h produced a decrease in urinary AQP2 excretion to 38 ± 15% (n = 6) of that during thirsting. In Brattleboro rats or lithium-treated normal rats completely lacking vasopressin action, and hence having extremely low levels of AQP2 in the apical plasma membrane, AQP2 was undetectable in urine. Thus, conditions with known altered vasopressin levels and altered levels of AQP2 in the apical plasma membrane were associated with corresponding major changes in AQP2 urine excretion. In contrast, in such conditions, kidney AQP2 levels and urinary AQP2 excretion did not show a proportional relationship.
Thrombin Stimulates Synthesis of Type IV Collagen and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1 by Cultured Human Mesangial Cells
Authors: KAIZUKA MITSUAKI , YAMABE HIDEAKI , OSAWA HIROSHI , OKUMURA KEN , FUJIMOTO NOBORU 
Published: May 2021

Abstract.
Glomerular accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) is the common pathologic feature following glomerular injury, and the alteration in the synthesis and degradation of ECM may be involved in the glomerular accumulation of ECM. Glomerular fibrin formation occurs in various forms of human and experimental glomerulonephritis, and it may play an important role in progressive glomerular injury. Thrombin, a multifunctional serine proteinase that is generated at the site of vascular injury, has central functions in hemostasis and it also shows various biologic effects. In this study, it is hypothesized that thrombin may alter the production and the degradation of type IV collagen, which is an important component of ECM in the glomeruli. Human mesangial cells (HMC) were cultured, and the levels of type IV collagen, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in the culture supernatants were measured by enzyme immunoassay using specific antibodies. MMP-2 activity was also evaluated by zymography using polyacrylamide/sodium dodecyl sulfate gel-containing gelatin. Thrombin increased the production of type IV collagen and TIMP-1 in a dose- and time-dependent manner, but it did not increase MMP-2. Thrombin also stimulated the gene expressions of the type IV collagen and TIMP-1 in HMC in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Thrombin treated with diisopropylfluorophosphate, a serine proteinase inhibitor, did not show any of these effects. Hirudin, a natural thrombin inhibitor, and anti-transforming growth factor-β-neutralizing antibody inhibited the stimulating effect of thrombin. These findings suggest that thrombin may contribute to the excessive accumulation of ECM and progression of glomerulosclerosis through an increase of type IV collagen production and a decreased matrix degradation presumably via a transforming growth factor-β-dependent mechanism.
The Relation Between Body Size and Normalized Small Solute Clearances in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: TZAMALOUKAS ANTONIOS H. , MURATA GLEN H. , PIRAINO BETH , MALHOTRA DEEPAK , BERNARDINI JUDITH , RAO PANDURANGA , OREOPOULOS DIMITRIOS G. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract.
The normalized peritoneal clearances of small solutes depend on the ratio of their concentration in dialysate and plasma (D/P) and the drain volume (Dv) corrected for some measure of body size such as body water (V) or body surface area (BSA). The clearance formulas (D/P) × (Dv/V) and (D/P) × (Dv/BSA) can be used to examine why large individuals tend to be underdialyzed. Large people have low normalized drain volumes (Dv/V, Dv/BSA). It is not known whether size affects the D/P ratios. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between normalized peritoneal clearances (Kt/V
urea, C
Cr per 1.73 m2 BSA) and four size indicators (weight, height, V, BSA) in 301 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (four daily exchanges with 2-L exchange volume) who underwent 613 clearance studies. Highly significant (P < 0.001) nonlinear relationships were found between Kt/V
urea and weight (r
2 = 0.371), height (r
2 = 0.289), BSA (r
2 = 0.436), and V (r
2 = 0.527); and between CCr and weight (r
2 = 0.178), height (r
2 = 0.115), BSA (r
2 = 0.199), and V (r
2 = 0.151). There were also significant negative correlations between the normalized drain volumes (Dv/V and Dv/BSA) and all four indicators of body size. Raw (not normalized) peritoneal clearances and drain volumes correlated positively with size. However, D/P
urea or D/P
creatinine did not vary with any size indicator except for a weak association between D/P
creatinine and V (r = 0.089, P = 0.028). This association was not confirmed when V was used to stratify subjects into quartiles, and group differences for D/P
creatinine were tested by one-way ANOVA. This study shows that the exclusive cause of the low normalized peritoneal clearances in large subjects on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is a low normalized drain volume. No evidence was found to indicate that body size influences the D/P ratio of small solutes. The portion of the variance in normalized clearance explained by size varies by size indicator and solute (urea versus creatinine).
A Constraint-based Analysis of Obligatory Contour Principle in Anaang Morphological Constructions
Authors: Akpabio Unwana , Babarinde Olusanmi , Iloene George 
Published: May 2021

The obligatory contour principle forbids identical consecutive features in the underlying representation. This work undertakes a description of the Anaang tonal structure, the tonal behaviour of compounds and reduplicates in the language, bearing in mind their sensitivity to the OCP and the environments that trigger the adherence. An adapted Ibadan wordlist of 400 Basic Items (Trial) English version was used via interview for data collection from six men and six women within Abak Local Government Area in Akwa Ibom State. The data were analysed using optimality theoretical framework. The analysis shows that Anaang compounds as well as reduplicates exhibit cases of tonal modifications in line with OCP. For compounds, the tone of the second noun changes depending on the tonal sequence. In the HH noun base, the second-high tone of the second noun changes to a low tone, in the LH noun base, the tone of the second noun is raised to a down-stepped high tone, the LL noun base sees the tone of the second noun being raised to a high tone. For reduplication, the tone of the L verb base changes when the redup
lication is partial. When the reduplication is complete, the high tone of the second noun is down-stepped.
AN ECOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF METAPHOR TO ENHANCE THE VALUE OF PRODUCTS IN ADVERTISEMENTS
Authors: Ahmed Fasih , Ain Quratul , Ghilzai Shazia Akbar 
Published: May 2021

Purpose of the study: The study investigates metaphors in advertisements from the perspective of ecolinguistics. It focuses on the reasons for which the manufacturers use metaphors for the advertising of their products. It also aims to find the role of metaphor in arising feelings of the consumers towards the products.
Methodology: The data have been collected from the official website of four multinational companies named A, B, C, and D. Only thirteen advertisements are analyzed in this research. The selection is made based on the use of metaphor in the advertisements—theory of Conceptual metaphor by Lakoff and Johnson (2008) and Stibbe (2015)’s Model of encolinguistic analysis guided the mode of the present research.
Main Findings: It is found that the manufacturers make use of metaphors to grab the attention of the audience towards the product through its sensual appeal. Moreover, the advertising agencies assign some other entity qualities through meta help in the positive evaluation of their products’ value.
Application of the study: Since the research analyzes metaphors in advertisements, it helps educate the common masses about metaphors and their impact on the customers’ feelings. The affiliation of the advertised products with positive qualities or entities makes the product the right choice for the audience and enhances its value.
Novelty/ Originality of the study: The study is novel because it investigates the reasons for using metaphors in advertisements and how it helps the manufacturers persuade consumers to buy their products. The use of metaphor enhances the value of the products. In contrast, the consumers overlook the product’s importance and get the product’s illusion as something bringing feelings of joy and pleasure to the consumers.
Perfiles de competencias TIC en la práctica educativa ante el reto de la enseñanza remota
Authors: Valbuena Duarte Sonia , Rodríguez González Dariana , Tavera Andrea Viviana 
Published: May 2021

Los conocimientos y competencias en el uso de las tecnologías en el sentido didáctico y pedagógico en relación con los impactos en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje han sido tendencia de estudio. Esta investigación centró su atención en describir y examinar perfiles y niveles de apropiación de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en la práctica profesional del profesor de matemática en función de los usos que desde lo didáctico y pedagógico están presentes en el microcurriculo de este saber disciplinar, la relevancia temática se tiene por las características de la población estudiantil actual y que de manera adicional se devela en estos momentos cruciales de la historia de la humanidad donde el uso de las TIC dejó de ser optativo puesto que debe atender una enseñanza remota. Para tal fin se recolectó información de profesores de matemáticas de 17 colegios de educación básica y media de la región caribe colombiana a través de entrevistas, grupo focal, observación no participante, revisión documental y análisis didáctico. Del análisis de los resultados se infiere el bajo uso de las tecnologías desde lo pedagógico y didáctico por parte de los profesores integradas en el microcurriculo y a su práctica profesional, evidenciando en su mayoría un uso puramente instrumental de la tecnología en el microcurriculo. Del estudio se logra concluir el poco desarrollo de las competencias TIC en el profesor de matemáticas y aspectos emergentes que posibilitarían optimizar el aprendizaje escolar, complementarios a otros previamente descritos en la literatura.