bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Video-assisted self-reflection of resuscitations for resident education and improvement of leadership skills: A&nbsp;pilot study
Authors: Kava Lauren , Jones Kerin , Ehrman Robert , Smylie Laura , McRae Matthew , Dubey Elizebeth , Reed Brian , Messman Anne 
Published: November 2021

Introduction One of the most challenging aspects of Emergency Medicine (EM) residency is mastering the leadership skills required during a resuscitation. Use of resuscitation video recording for debriefing is gaining popularity in graduate medical education. However, there are limited studies of how video technology can be used to improve leadership skills in the emergency department. We aim to evaluate the utility of video-assisted self-reflection, compared with self-reflection alone, in the setting of resuscitation leadership.
Methods This was a prospective, randomized, controlled pilot study conducted in 2018 at an urban level 1 trauma center with a three-year EM residency program. The trial included postgraduate year (PGY) 2 and 3 residents (n = 10). Each resident acted as an individual team leader for a live real-time resuscitation in the emergency department. The authors classified a patient as a resuscitation if there was an immediate life- or limb-threatening disease process or an abnormal vital sign with an indication of hypoperfusion. Each resident was recorded as the team leader twice. Both control and intervention groups produced written self-reflection after their first recording.
The Management Response to Wind Disturbances in European Forests
Authors: Sanginés de Cárcer Paula , Mederski Piotr S. , Magagnotti Natascia , Spinelli Raffaele , Engler Benjamin , Seidl Rupert , Eriksson Andreas , Eggers Jeannette , Bont Leo Gallus , Schweier Janine 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose of the Review
The review synthesises the current knowledge of post-windstorm management in selected European countries in order to identify knowledge gaps and guide future research.

Recent Findings
Despite the differences in forest ownership and national regulations, management experiences in Europe converge at (1) the need for mechanization of post-windthrow management to ensure operator safety, (2) the importance to promote operator training and optimise the coordination between all the actors involved in disturbance management and (3) the need to implement measures to consolidate the timber market while restoring forest ecosystem services and maintain biodiversity.

Summary
Windstorms are natural disturbances that drive forest dynamics but also result in socio-economic losses. As the frequency and magnitude of wind disturbances will likely increase in the future, improved disturbance management is needed. We here highlight the best practices and remaining challenges regarding the strategic, operational, economic and environmental dimensions of post-windthrow management in Europe. Our literature review underlined that post-disturbance management needs to be tailored to each individual situation, taking into account the type of forest, site conditions, available resources and respective legislations. The perspectives on windthrown timber differ throughout Europe, ranging from leaving trees on site to storing them in sophisticated wet storage facilities. Salvage logging is considered important in forests susceptible to bark beetle outbreaks, while no salvage logging is recommended in forests protecting against natural hazards. Remaining research gaps include questions of balancing between the positive and negative effects of salvage logging and integrating climate change considerations more explicitly in post-windthrow management.
Electrical Impedance Tomography Analysis Between Two Similar Respiratory System Compliance During Decremetal PEEP Titration in ARDS Patients
Authors: Su Po-Lan , Lin Wei-Chieh , Ko Yen-Fen , Cheng Kuo-Sung , Chen Chang-Wen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level with best respiratory system compliance (Crs) is frequently used for PEEP selection in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. On occasion, two similar best Crs (where the difference between the Crs of two PEEP levels is < 1 ml/cm H2O) may be identified during decremental PEEP titration. Selecting PEEP under such conditions is challenging. The aim of this study was to provide supplementary rationale for PEEP selection by assessing the global and regional ventilation distributions between two PEEP levels in this situation.

Methods
Eight ARDS cases with similar best Crs at two different PEEP levels were analyzed using examination-specific electrical impedance tomography (EIT) measures and airway stress index (SIaw). Five Crs were measured at PEEP values of 25 cm H2O (PEEP25), 20 cm H2O (PEEP20), 15 cm H2O (PEEPH), 11 cm H2O (PEEPI), and 7 cm H2O (PEEPL). The higher PEEP value of the two PEEPs with similar best Crs was designated as PEEPupper, while the lower designated as PEEPlower.

Results
PEEPH and PEEPI shared the best Crs in two cases, while similar Crs was found at PEEPI and PEEPL in the remaining six cases. SIaw was higher with PEEPupper as compared to PEEPlower (1.06 ± 0.10 versus 0.99 ± 0.09, p = 0.05). Proportion of lung hyperdistension was significantly higher with PEEPupper than PEEPlower (7.0 ± 5.1% versus 0.3 ± 0.5%, p = 0.0002). In contrast, proportion of recruitable lung collapse was higher with PEEPlower than PEEPupper (18.6 ± 4.4% versus 5.9 ± 3.7%, p < 0.0001). Cyclic alveolar collapse and reopening during tidal breathing was higher at PEEPlower than PEEPupper (34.4 ± 19.3% versus 16.0 ± 9.1%, p = 0.046). The intratidal gas distribution (ITV) index was also significantly higher at PEEPlower than PEEPupper (2.6 ± 1.3 versus 1.8 ± 0.7, p = 0.042).

Conclusions
PEEPupper is a rational selection in ARDS cases with two similar best Crs. EIT provides additional information for the selection of PEEP in such circumstances.
Vibration-Induced Heating of Energetic Materials: A Review
Authors: Perry J. I. , Walley S. M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe transport of energetic materials—whether by truck over rough terrain, or attached to the undercarriage of a high-performance jet aircraft—carries a certain level of inherent risk as the repeatedly applied stresses from vibration may lead to heating, mechanical degradation, and potentially even the triggering of an ignition event. Increasing knowledge of the underlying physics which control ignition is allowing us to better understand, and thus reduce, the risk of a catastrophic event occurring. The Apollo and Space Shuttle programmes provided motivation for research into the topic in the 1960s and 1970s, and some recent studies have focussed on the grain-scale physics of ignition. However, much of the useful insight has arisen from work with other primary applications in mind. Therefore, this review aims to bring together literature from several fields, with the intention of better understanding vibration-induced heating (VIH) phenomena in energetic materials. Sensitivity, VIH in viscoelastic polymers and inert composites, and a technique known as vibrothermography which uses VIH to detect cracks, are all considered where relevant read-across can be found. Often being viscoelastic materials and composites with complex rheology, energetic materials subjected to vibrational loading tend to warm up, with potential for even greater temperature rises due to anisotropy-driven localised heating mechanisms. Binders soften as temperature rises, and the chance of damage increases, which may lead to runaway heating and thermal failure (if mechanical failure does not occur first).
Asymptotic distribution of odd balanced unimodal sequences with rank congruent to a modulo c
Authors: Garnowski Taylor 
Published: November 2021

AbstractKim et al. (Proc Am Math Soc 144:687–3700, 2016) introduced the notion of odd-balance unimodal sequences in 2016. Like was shown by Bryson et al. (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109:16063–16067, 2012) for the generating function of strongly unimodal sequences, the generating function for odd-balanced unimodal sequences also has quantum modular behavior. Odd-balanced unimodal sequences thus appear to be a fundamental piece in the world of modular forms and combinatorics, and understanding their asymptotic properties is important for understanding their place in this puzzle. In light of this, we compute an asymptotic estimate for odd balanced unimodal sequences for ranks congruent to $$a \pmod {c}$$

a

(
mod

c
)

for $$c\ne 2$$

c
≠
2

or a multiple of 4. We find the interesting result that the odd balanced unimodal sequences are asymptotically related to the overpartition function. This is in contrast to strongly unimodal sequences which, are asymptotically related to the partition function. Our proofs of the main theorems rely on the representation of the generating function in question as a mixed mock modular form.
Barriers to completing the 4AT for delirium and its clinical implementation in two hospitals: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Alhaidari Abdullah A. O. , Matsis Kyriakos P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the clinical implementation and barriers to completing the 4AT for delirium in general medical and geriatric patients over 75 years upon admission to Wellington and Kenepuru Hospitals during the first eight months of 2017, 2018 and 2019.

Methods
Retrospective data from electronic health records were analysed using an explanatory-sequential mixed-methods approach. The initial quantitative phase measured doctors’ adherence to the 4AT and the rate of positive 4ATs (≥ 4). The subsequent qualitative phase identified doctors’ main reasons for omitting the 4AT through conventional content analysis.

Results
The quantitative population included 7799 acute admissions (mean age 84, 58.2% female). There was good clinical implementation of the 4AT, evidenced by an overall adherence rate of 83.2% and a rate of positive 4ATs of 14.8% that is in keeping with expected delirium rates in similar settings. The qualitative sample consisted of 875 acute admissions (mean age 84, 56.3% female) with documented reasons for omitting the 4AT. The main barriers to completing the 4AT were: reduced patient alertness, communication barriers (language, deafness, aphasia and dysarthria), prioritising patients’ wellness and comfort (addressing critical illnesses, symptoms, end-of-life issues and promoting sleep), pre-existing cognitive disorders, and unstructured delirium assessments.

Conclusion
Adherence to the 4AT was high and sustainable in both hospitals. Most barriers to completing the 4AT were potentially avoidable. Education about the 4AT in relation to these barriers may improve its implementation.
WARA-PS: a research arena for public safety demonstrations and autonomous collaborative rescue robotics experimentation
Authors: Andersson Olov , Doherty Patrick , Lager Mårten , Lindh Jens-Olof , Persson Linnea , Topp Elin A. , Tordenlid Jesper , Wahlberg Bo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA research arena (WARA-PS) for sensing, data fusion, user interaction, planning and control of collaborative autonomous aerial and surface vehicles in public safety applications is presented. The objective is to demonstrate scientific discoveries and to generate new directions for future research on autonomous systems for societal challenges. The enabler is a computational infrastructure with a core system architecture for industrial and academic collaboration. This includes a control and command system together with a framework for planning and executing tasks for unmanned surface vehicles and aerial vehicles. The motivating application for the demonstration is marine search and rescue operations. A state-of-art delegation framework for the mission planning together with three specific applications is also presented. The first one concerns model predictive control for cooperative rendezvous of autonomous unmanned aerial and surface vehicles. The second project is about learning to make safe real-time decisions under uncertainty for autonomous vehicles, and the third one is on robust terrain-aided navigation through sensor fusion and virtual reality tele-operation to support a GPS-free positioning system in marine environments. The research results have been experimentally evaluated and demonstrated to industry and public sector audiences at a marine test facility. It would be most difficult to do experiments on this large scale without the WARA-PS research arena. Furthermore, these demonstrator activities have resulted in effective research dissemination with high public visibility, business impact and new research collaborations between academia and industry.
Robust feature space separation for deep convolutional neural network training
Authors: Sekmen Ali , Parlaktuna Mustafa , Abdul-Malek Ayad , Erdemir Erdem , Koku Ahmet Bugra 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces two deep convolutional neural network training techniques that lead to more robust feature subspace separation in comparison to traditional training. Assume that dataset hasMlabels. The first method createsMdeep convolutional neural networks called$$\{\text {DCNN}_i\}_{i=1}^{M}$${DCNNi}i=1M. Each of the networks$$\text {DCNN}_i$$DCNNiis composed of a convolutional neural network ($$\text {CNN}_i$$CNNi) and a fully connected neural network ($$\text {FCNN}_i$$FCNNi). In training, a set of projection matrices$$\{\mathbf {P}_i\}_{i=1}^M$${Pi}i=1Mare created and adaptively updated as representations for feature subspaces$$\{\mathcal {S}_i\}_{i=1}^M$${Si}i=1M. A rejection value is computed for each training based on its projections on feature subspaces. Each$$\text {FCNN}_i$$FCNNiacts as a binary classifier with a cost function whose main parameter is rejection values. A threshold value$$t_i$$tiis determined for$$i^{th}$$ithnetwork$$\text {DCNN}_i$$DCNNi. A testing strategy utilizing$$\{t_i\}_{i=1}^M$${ti}i=1Mis also introduced. The second method creates a single DCNN and it computes a cost function whose parameters depend on subspace separations using the geodesic distance on the Grasmannian manifold of subspaces$$\mathcal {S}_i$$Siand the sum of all remaining subspaces$$\{\mathcal {S}_j\}_{j=1,j\ne i}^M$${Sj}j=1,j≠iM. The proposed methods are tested using multiple network topologies. It is shown that while the first method works better for smaller networks, the second method performs better for complex architectures.
Land-Law Reforms in Vietnam and Myanmar: “Legal Transplant” Viewed from Asian Recipients
Authors: Kaneko Yuka 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper focuses on the conflict of norms in the interface between the “transplanted” formal law and the local social norms in the land-law reforms in Vietnam and Myanmar, each representing different legal families, while sharing commonness in that both have attempted law-making in the post-colonial independence period in order to restore the basis of the livelihoods of the local population. Both of the legal concepts of “land-use right” (quyen su dung dat) in Vietnam and “land-use right for cultivation” (loat paing kwint) in Myanmar have been the product of law-makers’ restorative attempts at farmland security, while intentionally avoiding usage of the term “ownership” that would result in the capitalist transaction of land as a commodity. However, the contemporary land-law reforms led by donor-oriented “legal transplant” in these countries have resulted in the plunder of such policy, by reintroducing the same mechanisms of land exploitation as existed in the colonial days. Roaring protests of the local agricultural population seem to be a rising-up of the social norm descended from the immemorial past as an unwritten Constitution to bring an end to the centuries-long movement of “legal transplant” of the modern capitalist law.
From Mythic Saviours to #MeToo at the Indian Supreme Court
Authors: Das Acevedo Deepa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe Indian Supreme Court has long enjoyed an almost mythic reputation for progressive and creative jurisprudence, but a series of recent scandals is beginning to erode this well-settled authority. One of the most troubling of these incidents has been an allegation of sexual harassment and intimidation by a Court staffer against then sitting Chief Justice of India (CJI) Ranjan Gogoi. This article draws on media analysis and ethnographic research conducted in the immediate aftermath of the “CJI Scandal” to explore what it means for judges and judging in contemporary India. I argue that the justices’ response to the allegations are part of a broader shift in Indian judging. Far from being the product of an institution imbued with mythic qualities, judging in India is increasingly coming to represent an example ofmythos, or “an assertive discourse of power and authority … something to be believed and obeyed.”
The disruption of the care chain: why do Lithuanian migrant home care workers return to their home country?
Authors: Ayalon Liat , Rapolienė Gražina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study examined reasons for return migration among Lithuanian migrant home care workers who provided care to older adults abroad. In total, 13 interviews were conducted with a diverse sample of returnees. Using constant comparison, three major themes were identified. The first theme described the undocumented nature of the job as a reason to return. The emotional consequences of the job as well as its physically demanding aspects also were portrayed. The third theme addressed the increased awareness to possible losses and care needs brought by the job. Our findings stress the importance of the job characteristics of the worker as a push factor that results in the return of migrant workers to their home. The importance of the documentation status of the job and its precarious nature are discussed.
Les néologismes en-ageen français contemporain : héritage verbal et polysémie
Authors: Huyghe Richard , Lombard Alizée 
Published: November 2021

RÉSUMÉCet article porte sur les propriétés sémantiques et syntaxiques des néologismes déverbaux en-ageen français contemporain. À partir de l’analyse d’un échantillon de 139 néologismes et de leurs bases verbales, selon le type de procès décrit, l’aspect lexical, la structure argumentale et la grille thématique, l’étude montre que la suffixation en-ageproduit essentiellement des noms de procès similaires à ceux décrits par leur base. L’hypothèse est formulée que les décalages aspectuels observés dans le lexique entre verbes et nominalisations en-agesont dus au processus de lexicalisation, et non à la construction morphologique. S’agissant de la sélection des bases, contrairement à ce qui est parfois défendu pour les noms lexicalisés, aucune prédilection pour les verbes transitifs n’apparaît, et la classe aspectuelle la plus représentée est celle des activités. Par ailleurs, la polysémie des néologismes en-agerelève principalement du type ‘action’ / ‘résultat’, et certains éléments laissent penser qu’elle résulte d’une figure métonymique, et non de la dérivation. Enfin, il apparaît que la formation de noms en -agedans le discours peut être diversement motivée, et que de nombreux néologismes sont créés en surabondance lexicale.
Linear logic in normed cones: probabilistic coherence spaces and beyond
Authors: Slavnov Sergey 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Ehrhard et al. (2018. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages, POPL 2, Article 59.) proposed a model of probabilistic functional programming in a category of normed positive cones and stable measurable cone maps, which can be seen as a coordinate-free generalization of probabilistic coherence spaces (PCSs). However, unlike the case of PCSs, it remained unclear if the model could be refined to a model of classical linear logic. In this work, we consider a somewhat similar category which gives indeed a coordinate-free model of full propositional linear logic with nondegenerate interpretation of additives and sound interpretation of exponentials. Objects are dual pairs of normed cones satisfying certain specific completeness properties, such as existence of norm-bounded monotone weak limits, and morphisms are bounded (adjointable) positive maps. Norms allow us a distinct interpretation of dual additive connectives as product and coproduct. Exponential connectives are modeled using real analytic functions and distributions that have representations as power series with positive coefficients. Unlike the familiar case of PCSs, there is no reference or need for a preferred basis; in this sense the model is invariant. PCSs form a full subcategory, whose objects, seen as posets, are lattices. Thus, we get a model fitting in the tradition of interpreting linear logic in a linear algebraic setting, which arguably is free from the drawbacks of its predecessors.
Observed Changes of Köppen Climate Zones Based on High‐Resolution Data Sets in the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau
Authors: Guan Yanlong , Cui Wenhui , Liu Junguo , Lu Hongwei , Jiang Yelin , Xue Yuxuan , Heiskanen Janne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEmerging and disappearing climate zones are frequently used to diagnose and project climate change. However, little attempt has been made to quantify shifts of climate zones in Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP) based on the high‐resolution data sets. Our results show that highland climate was decreased substantially during 1961–2011 and were mainly replaced by boreal climate. We also found that the mean elevation of boreal and highland climate continues to rise, with obvious longitudinal geographical characteristics over the study period. Furthermore, we found that the climate spaces (a climate space defined as the volume of 10°C × 500 mm here) of both boreal and highland climate types tend to be warm and humid ones, which may provide more suitable climate conditions for species to maintain and promote diversity. Characterization of changes in QTP climate types deepens our understanding of regional climate and its biological impacts.
Surface‐Wave Dispersion in Partially Saturated Soils: The Role of Capillary Forces
Authors: Solazzi Santiago G. , Bodet Ludovic , Holliger Klaus , Jougnot Damien 
Published: November 2021

AbstractImproving our understanding of the relation between the water content and the seismic signatures of unconsolidated superficial soils is an important objective in the overall field of hydrogeophysics. Current approaches to constrain the water content in the vadose zone from seismic data are based on computing the ratio between compressional and shear wave velocitiesVp/Vs. While this allows for the detection of pronounced changes in saturation, such as the groundwater table, it is essentially insensitive to variations in the saturation‐depth profile. Conversely, evidence shows that surface waves are sensitive to both the location of the water table and the saturation‐depth profile. Classic rock physics models are unable to explain the corresponding observations. We propose to estimate surface‐wave signatures accounting for capillary suction effects. We extend the Hertz‐Mindlin model using Bishop's effective stress definition, thus accounting for stiffness changes associated with capillary stresses acting on the soil's frame. We then compute the elastic properties of the partially saturated medium using the Biot‐Gassmann‐Wood model. Considering a 1D unconsolidated porous medium under steady‐state saturation conditions, as given by Richards' equation, we simulate body‐wave travel times and surface‐wave dispersion characteristics for different water table depths and overlying soil textures. Our results illustrate that surface‐wave phase velocity dispersion curves are remarkably sensitive to capillary effects in partially saturated soils, exhibiting velocity changes of up to 20% in the 10–100 Hz frequency range. These effects, which are particularly important in medium‐to fine‐grained soils, are virtually nonexistent in the correspondingVp/Vsprofiles.