bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance and acceptance when using tablets as a multiple document learning tool: do application and guidance matter?
Authors: Lombard Jordan , Bråten Ivar , van de Leemput Cécile , Amadieu Franck 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study addressed whether an application adapted to working with multiple documents implemented in an iPad Pro tablet would promote students’ multiple document comprehension and acceptance of tablets as a multiple document learning tool relative to controls who used a traditional application adapted to sequential reading of single documents. Results indicated that students using the multiple document reading application outperformed the control students in terms of comprehension and also worked more efficiently on the assigned multiple document task, but only if given explicit guidance in selecting, organizing, and integrating information by utilizing the functions of the application. Still, after task completion, the more effective and efficient students guided in using the functions of the multiple document reading application displayed much less acceptance of tablets as a multiple document learning tool than did the control students. We discuss possible explanations for this intriguing performance-acceptance paradox and suggest some avenues for future research in this area.
Diagnostic utility of alarm features in predicting malignancy in patients with dyspeptic symptoms
Authors: Shetty Anurag , Balaraju Girisha , Shetty Shiran , Pai Cannanore Ganesh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Clinical features are of modest benefit in determining the etiology of dyspepsia. Dyspeptic patients with alarm features are suspected to have malignancy; but the proportions of patients and true cutoff values of various quantitative parameters in predicting malignancy are explored to a lesser extent.

Methods
This is a prospective observational study of consecutive patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for dyspeptic symptoms. Patients’ alarm features and clinical details were recorded in a predesigned questionnaire. The diagnostic accuracy of alarm features in predicting malignancy was studied.

Results
Nine hundred patients, 678 (75.3%) males, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 44.6 (13.54) years were enrolled. Commonest indication for EGD was epigastric pain in 614 (68.2%) patients. Dyspepsia was functional in 311 (34.6%) patients. EGD revealed benign lesions in 340 (37.8%) and malignancy in 50 (5.5%) patients. Among the malignant lesions, gastric malignancy was present in 28 (56%) and esophageal malignancy in 20 (40%) patients. Alarm features were present in 206 (22.9%), out of which malignant lesions were seen in 46 (22.3%) patients. Altogether, the alarm features had a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 81.2% for predicting malignancy. The sensitivity and specificity for weight loss were 76% and 90.8%, while that of abdominal mass were 10% and 99.9% respectively. Based on receiver operating characteristic curve, the optimal age for screening of malignancy was 46.5 years in this population.

Conclusions
Patients of age group 40 to 49 years with dyspeptic alarm symptoms (predominant weight loss) need prompt endoscopy to screen for malignancy. The alarm features are inexpensive screening tools, found to be useful in India, and should be utilized in countries with similar healthcare conditions and disease epidemiology.
Coeffects of diet and neonicotinoid exposure on honeybee mobility and food choice
Authors: Vodovnik Chiara , Borshagovski Anna-Maria , Hakala Sanja Maria , Leponiemi Matti , Freitak Dalial 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMalnutrition and pesticide exposure are severe factors contributing to the current losses of honeybee colonies. As these stressors often occur combined, we studied the synergistic effects of different diets and pesticide exposure on food choice and mobility of Apis mellifera. We fed beehives with different food sources and exposed the bees to sublethal doses of thiacloprid. After that three different types of honey and pollen were offered in separate choice assays and behaviour towards food was recorded. Thiacloprid significantly affected the food choice in the honey assay, increasing the bees’ preference of polyfloral honey, while pre-pesticide diet had no influence. The pollen choice remained similar regardless of treatments, as bees always preferred polyfloral pollen. Interestingly, pesticide exposure affected bee mobility differently, depending on the previous diet. These results indicate that the diet is an important factor influencing the susceptibility to pesticides.
Effect of different variants of filler metal S Ni 6625 on properties and microstructure by additive layer manufactured using CMT process
Authors: Zinke Manuela , Burger Stefan , Arnhold Julius , Jüttner Sven 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe influence of arc energy and different filler metal composition on the mechanical properties and macro- and microstructure of additively welded thin-walled structures of Ni-based alloy were investigated using four different variants commercially available solid wire electrodes of type S Ni 6625. As the welding process, the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) process was used. The heat input and cooling rate were varied by adjusting wire feed and travel speed. The results show that an increase in arc energy leads to longer t10/6 cooling times. This leads to an increase in the dendrite arm spacing and thus to a reduction in the strength values and hardness of the thin-walled structures. The higher Fe-containing variant of S Ni 6625 produces the highest strength and hardness values, while the W-alloyed solid wire electrode produces the lowest values. The porosity in the walled structures was very low, and unacceptable weld defects, hot cracks and lack of fusion did not occur. Segregations occur in all weld metal specimens. While niobium, molybdenum and titanium are the preferred segregations in the Nb-alloyed Ni 6625 type weld metal, only Mo is present in the W-alloyed Ni 6660 type weld metal.
I-surfaces with one T-singularity
Authors: Franciosi Marco , Pardini Rita , Rana Julie , Rollenske Sönke 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe classify normal stable surfaces with $$K_X^2 = 1$$

K
X
2

=
1

, $$p_g = 2$$

p
g

=
2

and $$q=0$$

q
=
0

with a unique singular point which is a non-canonical T-singularity, thus exhibiting two divisors in the main component and a new irreducible component of the moduli space of stable surfaces $${{\overline{{{\mathfrak {M}}}}}}_{1,3}$$

M
¯

1
,
3

.
Teutonic Metal: Effects of Place- and Mythology-based Labels on Record Production
Authors: Herbst Jan-Peter 
Published: April 2021

AbstractViking, Mesopotamian and Hellenic metal; place-based metal labels full of mythology are commonplace in metal music. Focusing on ‘Teutonic’ metal, this article analyses such labels through a collaboration with one of the genre’s primary record producers: Karl Bauerfeind. Reflection on sixteen selected album productions with German, British, Swedish and Brazilian bands suggests that imagined communities with symbolic boundaries and shared invented traditions not only shape fan and media discourse but have tangible effects and sonic signatures in record productions, as demonstrated by discussions between bands, producers and record companies. The findings suggest that place- or mythology-based labels evoke vivid, partly fictional, historical inspiration for artists and record producers, which are further negotiated in journalistic media and fan discourse. It is suggested that these imagined communities with respective sonic signatures are both meaningful for fans in their ‘communicative leisure’ practices and used by the music industry as ‘instrumental leisure’ in their marketing efforts.
An Intra-Hindu Comparative Analysis of Caitanya Vaiṣṇavism’s Eco-Theological Motifs
Authors: Gupta Akshay 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn the midst of the earth’s pressing climate catastrophe, the nexus between ecology and religion merits further investigation. In this article, I attempt to illuminate certain important aspects of this nexus by analyzing various Hindu eco-theological motifs, with a particular focus on those of the Hindu religious tradition known as Caitanya Vaiṣṇavism. I will compare and contrast the eco-theological motifs of Caitanya Vaiṣṇavism with those of other notable Hindu religious traditions and texts. Ultimately, I attempt to demonstrate that certain Caitanya Vaiṣṇava eco-theological motifs can, when properly interpreted and applied, serve as valuable environmentally oriented conceptual resources. I also argue that these eco-theological motifs can offset some of the conceptual pitfalls that limit the effectiveness of various pan-Hindu eco-theological motifs as conceptual resources for environmental amelioration. Although the Caitanya Vaiṣṇava eco-theological framework is not without conceptual hurdles, I nevertheless maintain that Caitanya Vaiṣṇava eco-theological motifs are worthy of further reflection.
A casting method using contrast-enhanced diethylphthalate for micro-computed tomography of snow
Authors: Lombardo Michael , Schneebeli Martin , Löwe Henning 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCasting snow is necessary to prevent metamorphism and deformation prior to X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT) imaging. Current methods are insufficient for large-scale field sampling of snow due to safety considerations associated with the casting medium and/or lengthy sample preparation times. Here, a casting method using contrast-enhanced diethylphthalate (DEP) for μCT of snow is presented. The X-ray contrast of DEP is enhanced with barium titanate nanoparticles (BaTiO3) and iodine (I2). A partially unsupervised, three-phase segmentation method utilizing traditional Gaussian smoothing followed by a three-step process to address transition voxels is also presented. Synthetic images derived from real snow samples are used to evaluate the segmentation method with various configurations of trapped air bubbles. Real snow samples spanning a range of specific surface areas (SSAs) (8–28 m2kg−1) and densities (135–463 kg m−3) are used to assess the performance of the segmentation method on real, cast samples. The method yields SSA, density and correlation length errors of less than 10% for synthetic images with air bubble surface areas less than 333 m−1per sample volume for eight of the nine snow samples. For eight of the nine cast samples, the method yields errors of less than 10% for all three parameters.
Spikes and Variance: Using Google Trends to Detect and Forecast Protests
Authors: Timoneda Joan C. , Wibbels Erik 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGoogle search is ubiquitous, and Google Trends (GT) is a potentially useful access point for big data on many topics the world over. We propose a new ‘variance-in-time’ method for forecasting events using GT. By collecting multiple and overlapping samples of GT data over time, our algorithm leverages variation both in the mean and the variance of a search term in order to accommodate some idiosyncracies in the GT platform. To elucidate our approach, we use it to forecast protests in the United States. We use data from the Crowd Counting Consortium between 2017 and 2019 to build a sample of true protest events as well as a synthetic control group where no protests occurred. The model’s out-of-sample forecasts predict protests with higher accuracy than extant work using structural predictors, high frequency event data, or other sources of big data such as Twitter. Our results provide new insights into work specifically on political protests, while providing a general approach to GT that should be useful to researchers of many important, if rare, phenomena.
Do Large Gains Make Willing Sellers?
Authors: Hong Dong , Loh Roger K. , Warachka Mitch 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUsing unique real estate data that allow for accurately measured capital gains, we examine whether sell propensities depend on the magnitude of a seller’s capital gain. We find that short-term sell propensities are flat over losses and increasing in gains. Consistent with their higher sell propensities, selling prices are lower for properties with larger gains. Large-sized short-term stock investments also have sell propensities that are flat over losses and increasing in gains, although the sell propensities of typical-sized short-term stock investments are V-shaped. Our findings provide empirical support for theories of realization utility.
BASIC PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS, MOTIVATIONAL ORIENTATIONS, EFFORT, AND VOCABULARY KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Alamer Abdullah 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study examined an integrated process model of second language motivation based on the framework of self-determination theory (SDT). Specifically, this research investigated the extent to which satisfying basic psychological needs (BPN) are related to SDT orientations and, in turn, to the effort expended and how these factors relate collectively to vocabulary knowledge. Revised scales assessing students’ BPN (the Basic Psychological Needs of Second Language Scale) and SDT orientations (the Self-Determination Theory of Second Language Scale) were considered and tested using a higher-order confirmatory factor analysis solution. The results of the structural model showed that BPN were only directly related to vocabulary knowledge, which indicated their direct importance for the attainment of the vocabulary. No other indirect effects through SDT orientations or effort were identified. Nonetheless, SDT orientations were both directly and indirectly linked to vocabulary knowledge over and above the role of expended effort. The results elucidated motivational pathways that yielded pedagogical implications for language learning.
INTERRATER RELIABILITY IN SECOND LANGUAGE META-ANALYSES
Authors: Norouzian Reza 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThere has recently been a surge of interest in improving the replicability of second language (L2) research. However, less attention is paid to replicability in the context of L2 meta-analyses. I argue that conducting interrater reliability (IRR) analyses is a key step toward improving the replicability of L2 meta-analyses. To that end, I first discuss the foundation of IRR in the context of meta-analytic research. Second, I introduce two IRR measures,S indexandSpecific Agreement, which aid in improving the replicability of meta-analytic research. Third, I offer a flexible R program,meta_rate, to facilitate the conduct of IRR analyses for L2 meta-analyses. Fourth, I apply the R program to an actual meta-analytic L2 coding sheet to demonstrate the practical use of the IRR methods discussed. Finally, I provide interpretive guidelines to assist both L2 meta-analysts and journals with the transparent reporting of the IRR findings.
Insights into migratory connectivity and conservation concerns of Red Knots Calidris canutus in the austral Pacific coast of the Americas
Authors: GHERARDI-FUENTES CAMILA , RUIZ JORGE , NAVEDO JUAN G. 
Published: April 2021

SummaryMigratory species rely on several distant sites during the annual cycle which makes their conservation more complex than that of non-migratory species. Even one of the most extensively studied migratory shorebirds - the Red Knot Calidris canutus - is currently ‘Near Threatened’ at the global level. Conflicting observations of migratory routes cast uncertainty on the subspecies classification and migratory connectivity of Red Knots in the Pacific coasts of the Americas. To fill essential information gaps, we present the first detailed population morphometrics of Red Knots during the non-breeding season in the southern Pacific coast, along with resightings of these birds throughout the Americas. We also estimated daily rate of weight gain during fuelling based on body mass at captures and known departure dates. Resightings demonstrate reliance on staging areas in both the Mid-continental and Atlantic flyways during the northward migration, and additionally in the Pacific Flyway during southward migration. In addition to the strong connection with several areas also used by C. c. rufa on the North American Atlantic coast, our results show morphometric differences within the ranges of both C. c. rufa and C. c. roselaari. Given the threats faced by Red Knots, the population in Chiloé Archipelago should be treated as a separate conservation unit within interhemispheric conservation programmes for endangered shorebirds within the Americas.
Evaluation of the relationship between ventricular function and serum growth differentiation factor-15 levels in patients with operated tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Önal Damla , Eroğlu Ayşe G. , Akyel Nazlı G. , Yüksel Esra K. , Karakaş Hasan , Pirdal Betül Z. , Adaletli İbrahim 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAim:Growth differentiation factor-15 is a novel biomarker of increasing importance in cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between ventricular measurements assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and serum growth differentiation factor-15 levels in children with surgically corrected tetralogy of Fallot.Materials and method:Serum growth differentiation factor-15 levels were measured in 40 patients (mean age: 15.2 ± 2.9 years; 52.5% male; 87.5% NYHA I). End-diastolic volume index, end-systolic volume index, and ejection fractions of both ventricles and pulmonary regurgitation fraction were measured on cardiac MRI. The correlation between growth differentiation factor-15 levels and cardiac MRI parameters of the patients was investigated. Also, growth differentiation factor-15 levels of the patients were compared with healthy controls since reference values have not been determined in children.Results:The mean growth differentiation factor-15 level was 254.9 ± 6.3 pg/ml in the patient group. There was no correlation between growth differentiation factor-15 levels and cardiac MRI parameters in patients. Also, there was no significant difference in growth differentiation factor-15 levels between the patients and control groups.Conclusion:The serum levels of growth differentiation factor-15 were uncorrelated with ventricular size, function, and pulmonary regurgitation fraction assessed by cardiac MRI in children with operated tetralogy of Fallot. Moreover, growth differentiation factor-15 levels were not different in these patients from healthy children.
What do they get out of it? Considering a partnership model in health service research
Authors: Askerud Anna , Jaye Chrystal , Doolan-Noble Fiona , McKinlay Eileen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A research study to evaluate the implementation of a long-term conditions model of care provoked questions regarding the potential impact of the researcher’s role in health service research. Traditional methods of qualitative interviewing require researchers to be a disembodied presence, objective, and free from bias. When health service research is conducted by health professionals, role conflict may occur if the topic is one they have expertise in, and therefore the ability to provide guidance or information. An alternative perspective to the idea of an independent and objective researcher is the notion of a partnership. In this research collaboration, participants utilised the interview process to reflect and explore different perspectives, and the researcher bracketed their own participation in the phenomenon being studied. Reflexivity was utilised by both participants and the interviewer to ensure transparency and thus bridge the gap between subjectivity and objectivity in qualitative health service research interviewing.
NORMAL FUNCTIONALS ON LIPSCHITZ SPACES ARE WEAK* CONTINUOUS
Authors: Aliaga Ramón J. , Pernecká Eva 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLet
$\mathrm {Lip}_0(M)$
be the space of Lipschitz functions on a complete metric space M that vanish at a base point. We prove that every normal functional in

${\mathrm {Lip}_0(M)}^*$
is weak* continuous; that is, in order to verify weak* continuity it suffices to do so for bounded monotone nets of Lipschitz functions. This solves a problem posed by N. Weaver. As an auxiliary result, we show that the series decomposition developed by N. J. Kalton for functionals in the predual of

$\mathrm {Lip}_0(M)$
can be partially extended to

${\mathrm {Lip}_0(M)}^*$
.
TRANSLATIONS BETWEEN LINEAR AND TREE NATURAL DEDUCTION SYSTEMS FOR RELEVANT LOGICS
Authors: STANDEFER SHAWN 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAnderson and Belnap presented indexed Fitch-style natural deduction systems for the relevant logics R, E, and T. This work was extended by Brady to cover a range of relevant logics. In this paper I present indexed tree natural deduction systems for the Anderson–Belnap–Brady systems and show how to translate proofs in one format into proofs in the other, which establishes the adequacy of the tree systems.
How Will Deforestation and Vegetation Degradation Affect Global Fire Activity?
Authors: Park C. Y. , Takahashi K. , Takakura J. , Li F. , Fujimori S. , Hasegawa T. , Ito A. , Lee D. K. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGlobally, many parts of fire emissions are driven by deforestation. However, few studies have attempted to evaluate deforestation and vegetation degradation fires (DDF) and predict how they will change in the future. In this study, we expanded a fire model used in the Community Land Model to reflect the diverse causes of DDF. This enabled us to differentiate DDFs by cause (climate change, wood harvesting, and cropland, pastureland, and urban land‐use changes) and seasonality. We then predicted the state of fire regimes in the 2050s and 2090s under RCP 2.6 and RCP 6.0 scenarios. Our results indicate that the area affected by global total fires will decrease from the current 452 to 211–378 Mha yr−1 in the 2090s under RCP 6.0 and to 184–333 Mha yr−1 under RCP 2.6, mainly due to socioeconomic factors such as population and economic growth. We also predict that DDF will decrease from the current 73 million hectares per year (Mha yr−1) to 54–66 Mha yr−1 in the 2090s under RCP 6.0 and 46–55 Mha yr−1 under RCP 2.6. The main contributor to these decreases in DDF burned area was climate change, especially the increasing of precipitation. The impact of future land use change on future DDF was similar or slightly lower than present‐day. South America, Indonesia, and Australia were identified as high‐risk regions for future DDF, mainly due to the expansion of wood harvest and pastureland. Appropriate land and fire management policies will be needed to reduce future fire damage in these areas.