bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ameliorative effect of Aerva lanata against nephrolithiasis following chronic administration of Ethylene glycol in male wistar Albino rats
Authors: S Ankul Singh , K Gowri , V Chitra 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nephrolithiasis appear to be a major health crisis among the population with serious medical related consequences throughout the lifetime of patient. The aim of the study was to evaluate the preventive effect of the hydro-alcoholic extract of A. lanata roots on Urolithiasis rats. Thirty adults male wistar Albino rats weighing 200 – 250 g were divided into five groups comprising 6 rats in each. Group I Served as positive control with water ad libitum. Group II as negative control which is disease treated group receiving 0.75% ethylene glycol mixed with drinking water for 28 days. Group III chosen as standard group receiving ethylene glycol for first 14 days and Cystone 750 mg/Kg from day 15 till day 28. Group IV and V received ethylene glycol for first 14 days and treatment regimen of LD (400 mg/Kg) and HD 800 mg/Kg orally from day 15 till day 28. Invitro studies like Nucleation, Aggregation and Growth assays were performed. Urine volume and pH was collected and observed for change in appearance, pH, odour and turbidity. Extract was given by preparing suspension and stability was observed by measuring its parameters. On Day 29, the kidneys were dissected and histopathology was done to check tubular injury. There was Increase in urine volume, enhanced excretion of urinary constituents like citrate, oxalate etc. and improving clearance rate. Improvement in pH and antioxidant activity was observed in treated groups. The extract showed that it has prominent effect on nephrolithiasis and has better safety profile in the dose given.
Genomic hallmarks of cellular dormancy in cancer and therapeutic implications
Authors: Secrier Maria , Wiecek Anna , Cutty Stephen , Kornai Daniel , Parreno-Centeno Mario , Gourmet Lucie , Tagliazucchi Guidantonio Malagoli , Jacobson Daniel , Zhang Ping , Xiong Lingyun , Bond Gareth , Barr Alexis 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Therapy resistance in cancer is often driven by a subpopulation of cells that are temporarily arrested in a non-proliferative, quiescent or ‘dormant’ state, which is difficult to capture and whose mutational drivers remain largely unknown. We developed methodology to uniquely identify this state from transcriptomic signals and characterised its prevalence and genomic constraints in solid primary tumours. We show dormancy preferentially emerges in the context of more stable, less mutated genomes which maintain TP53 integrity and lack the hallmarks of DNA damage repair deficiency, while presenting increased APOBEC mutagenesis. We uncover novel genomic dependencies of this process, including the amplification of the centrosomal gene CEP89 as a driver of dormancy impairment. Lastly, we demonstrate that dormancy underlies unfavourable responses to various therapies exploiting cell cycle, kinase signalling and epigenetic mechanisms in single cell data, and propose a signature of dormancy-linked therapeutic resistance to further study and clinically track this state.
Research Trends in Japanese Public Administration: Statistical Content Analyses of Article Titles in Public Administration Review Quarterly (1978 to 2019)
Authors: Moteki Yasutoshi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper quantitatively explains research trends in postwar administrative studies in Japan using statistical analyses of nearly 40 years of article titles from Public Administration Review Quarterly, from its first issue (1978) to the 165th issue (2019). Co-occurrence network analysis and correspondence analysis revealed changes in research interests. There was substantially more research on administrative reforms through the post-war Showa and Heisei eras. The configuration figures of correspondence analysis can be interpreted to mean that the first dimension concerns administrative reforms; the second dimension concerns historical events/administrative systems; and the third dimension concerns evaluations and Kaizen. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that the studies during the Showa era (1978–1988) could be partly characterized by the two extracted compound words: the United States and the United Kingdom. Japan became a feature of studies of public administration during the Heisei era (1989–2018). These features are basically consistent with the previous quantitative studies.
Moving from Basic to More Advanced: Is there an Increase Over Time in the Complexity of Teacher Questions and Student Responses in Case Based Clinical Seminars?
Authors: Gartmeier Martin , Hapfelmeier Alexander , Grünewald Marc , Häusler Janina , Pfurtscheller Theresa , Seidel Tina , Berberat Pascal 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Case-based group discussions (CBGD) are a specific, interaction-focused form of case based medical education dedicated to foster medical students’ skills of applying basic biomedical knowledge to patient cases. In such seminars, teacher question-student response patters are a crucial aspect. We empirically investigate to which degree clinical teachers progress from more basic, knowledge-oriented towards more advanced, elaboration-oriented questions in CBGD-seminars.Methods: We video recorded 32 case-based seminars in the areas of surgery and internal medicine. 21 different clinical teachers had taught and 398 medical students had attended these seminars. We coded closed-reproductive and open-elaborative teacher questions as well as reproductive and elaborative student responses to these questions. Interrater reliability was satisfactory. For determining trends regarding the teacher questions / student responses, we compared eight equally long time-segments per seminar.Results: Overall, clinical teachers posed more closed-reproductive than open-elaborative questions to students and the latter gave more reproductive than elaborative responses. Regarding the frequencies of these forms of teacher questions / student responses, we found no significant differences over time.Discussion: We found that clinical teachers did not deliberately modify the types of questions they posed over time to push their students towards more elaborative responses. Generally, this raises the critical question to which degree promising didactic concepts are actually put into clinical teaching practice. In our sample, we observed substantial heterogeneity regarding the variables in focus of our study. We conclude that medical education researchers should more thoroughly take different starting conditions and teaching approaches of different teachers into account.
The Design and Manufacture of Custom Ocular Prostheses (COPs) Based on Computer-Aided Semi-automation Workflow
Authors: Ye Xin , Wang Jun , Fang Wei , Qian Zhenbin , Shen Lijun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: It is important to correct the ocular disfigurement by wearing prostheses as soon as possible after healing from the eye enucleation surgery. This study aimed to develop a new computer-aided approach to fabricate custom ocular prostheses (COPs) with higher accuracy and efficiency and to fit different anophthalmia sockets. Results: Five patients underwent enucleation surgery from November 2018 to October 2020 were enrolled in the study. The semi-automatic design and fabrication workflow of COPs was based on the conjunctival sac impression, combined with Computer-aided design/Computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) workflow, which involves computer image analysis, reverse engineering (RE), and 3-dimensional (3D) printing technologies. The height of palpebral fissure in the artificial eye group was 0.8000 ± 0.09529, N=5.The height of palpebral fissure in the healthy eye group was 0.7660 ± 0.1147, N=5, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups (p>0.05). The artificial eye in the conjunctival sac had a good effect on the reconstruction of orbital fullness. Both of the vertical activity and horizontal activity of COPs is smaller than that of healthy eyes (p<0.05).Conclusions: COPs made by RE and 3D printing technologies can effectively make the COPs suitable for patients' conjunctival sac. This workflow improved the accuracy of the COPs, and also reduced patients’ waiting time, which is worthy to be popularized and applied.
Comparing methods to place adaptive local RTC actuators for spill volume reduction from multiple CSOs
Authors: Eulogi M. , Ostojin S. , Skipworth P. , Kroll S. , Shucksmith J. D. , Schellart A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The selection of flow control device (FCD) location is an essential step for designing real-time control (RTC) systems in sewer networks. In this paper, existing storage volume-based approaches for location selection are compared with hydraulic optimisation-based methods using genetic algorithm (GA). A new site pre-screening methodology is introduced, enabling the deployment of optimisation-based techniques in large systems using standard computational resources. Methods are evaluated for combined sewer overflow (CSO) volume reduction using the CENTAUR autonomous local RTC system in a case study catchment, considering overflows under both design and selected historic rainfall events as well as a continuous 3-year rainfall time series. The performance of the RTC system was sensitive to the placement methodology, with CSO volume reductions ranging between −6 and 100% for design and lower intensity storm events, and between 15 and 36% under continuous time series. The new methodology provides considerable improvement relative to storage-based design methods, with hydraulic optimisation proving essential in relatively flat systems. In the case study, deploying additional FCDs did not change the optimum locations of earlier FCDs, suggesting that FCDs can be added in stages. Thus, this new method may be useful for the design of adaptive solutions to mitigate consequences of climate change and/or urbanisation.
Assessment of gridded precipitation products in the hydrological modeling of a flood-prone mesoscale basin
Authors: Khan Salman , Khan Farhan , Guan Yiqing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Precipitation plays a critical role in hydrometeorological studies. A predictive analysis of gridded rainfall datasets may provide a cost-effective alternative to conventional rain gauge observations. Here, our objective is to evaluate the performance of satellite and reanalysis precipitation products in the hydrological modeling of a mesoscale watershed. The research also examines the accuracy of hydrological simulations in a sizeable flood-prone watershed in the absence of observed data associated with the myriad water retaining structures present in the catchment. We use three precipitation products, namely Tropical Rainfall Measurement Missions (TRMM) 3B42 Version 7, Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), and daily precipitation data recorded at multiple rain gauges in the upper Huai River Basin to simulate streamflow. The Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is utilized for runoff modeling, while SWAT-CUP is used to perform sensitivity analysis and to calibrate and validate the simulation results. Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency, percent bias, and Kling-Gupta efficiency (KGE) are employed to evaluate modeling efficiency for three precipitation datasets on different temporal scales. The results indicate that TRMM and CFSR datasets provide satisfactory results on both daily and monthly scales. Specifically, the SWAT model performs better at monthly simulations than daily simulations for all precipitation datasets used.
Enhanced index for water body delineation and area calculation using Google Earth Engine: a case study of the Manchar Lake
Authors: Ismail Muhammad Ali , Waqas Maria , Ali Amjad , Muzzamil Mirza Muhammad , Abid Uzair , Zia Talha 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The sustainability of the hydrological and ecological ecosystems of any region requires continuous monitoring of the water bodies. Recent advancements in satellite-based remote optical sensors, big data analysis and cloud computing have given new dimensions to the field of water body studies including their detection as well as analysis. The present study extends the existing methods to assess the contemporary surface water detection and monitoring techniques via remote sensing. The proposed technique implies an improved hybrid approach for the purpose along with the calculation of the boundary areas. The study has been carried out on the Manchar Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in Pakistan as well as in South Asia. The proposed hybrid water index along with the different existing water body detection indices and spectral bands have been worked out on the satellite images retrieved from the Google Earth Engine to detect and analyze the area/flow changes in the water body. Based on the 7 years of data, the proposed algorithm calculates the water body area more precisely. With limited availability of metadata about the study area, the results have been validated both qualitatively through national-met data and statistically. These results help to better preserve and improve the quality of the water resource.
Multiscale coherence analysis of reference evapotranspiration of north-western Iran using wavelet transform
Authors: Sreedevi V. , Adarsh S. , Nourani Vahid 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study applies different wavelet coherence formulations for investigating the multiscale associations of reference Evapotranspiration (ET0) of Tabriz and Urmia stations in North West Iran with five climatic variables: mean temperature (T), pressure (P), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (U) and Solar Radiation (SR). The relationships between different variables are quantified using the Average Wavelet Coherence (AWC) and the Percentage of Significant Coherence (PoSC). The Bivariate Wavelet Coherence (BWC) analysis showed that mean temperature (AWC = 0.73, PoSC = 59.18%) and wind speed (AWC = 0.63, PoSC = 49.55%) are the dominant predictors at Tabriz and Urmia stations. On considering the Multiple Wavelet Coherence (MWC) analysis, it is noticed that among the two-factor combinations, the T-P and P-RH combinations resulted in the highest coherence values for Tabriz and Urmia stations. T-U-SR combination produced the highest multiple wavelet coherence values among the three-factor cases for both the stations. The Partial Wavelet Coherence (PWC) analysis indicated a drastic reduction in coherence from the values of respective BWC analysis, indicating a strong interrelationship between different variables and ET0. The interrelationship between meteorological variables and ET0 is more apparent at Tabriz, while it is controlled more by the local-scale meteorology at Urmia.
Chromone, A Privileged Scaffold in Drug Discovery: Developments in the Synthesis and Bioactivity
Authors: Radhakrishnan Ethiraj Kannatt , Benny Anjitha Theres , Arikkatt Sonia D. , Vazhappilly Cijo George , Kannadasan Sathananthan , Thomas Renjan , Leelabaiamma Manju Sreedharan Nair , Shanmugam Ponnusamy 
Published: November 2021

:Chromones are the class of secondary metabolites that broadly occur in the plant kingdom in a noticeable quantity. This rigid bicyclic system has been categorized “as privileged scaffolds in compounds” in medicinal chemistry. Their wide biological responses have made them an important moiety in a drug discovery program. This review provides updates on the various methods of synthesis of chromones and biological applications in medicinal chemistry. Various synthetic strategies for the construction of chromones include readily available phenols, salicylic acid and its derivatives, ynones, chalcones, enaminones, and 2-hydroxyarylalkylketones as starting materials. Synthesis of chromones by using metal, metal-free, nanomaterials and different other catalysts is herein included. Details of diverse biological activities of chromone derviatives, such as anti-cancer, antimicrobial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, as Monoamine Oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors, anti- Alzheimer’s agents, anti-diabetic agents, having antihistaminic potential, and acting as antiplatelet agents, are discussed.
Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Cross Infection Control Among Students of Dentistry, Dental Hygiene, and Dental Technology in Jordan
Authors: Bakri Isra A. Al , Omari Wael M. Al , Ananzeh Aisha Y. , Alshatrat Sabha M. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Cross infection control, to reduce the incidence of disease transmission between patients and dental team personnel, is an integral part of good clinical practice.

Objective:
To assess knowledge, attitude and practice of cross infection control among dental, dental hygiene, and dental technology students.

Methods:
Data were collected by a self-administrated questionnaire assessing knowledge, attitude, and practice of infection control measures. The questionnaire was published electronically to final year dental, dental hygiene, and dental technology students through student’s official social media groups .

Results:
Statistically significant difference was found in relation to students' specialization (p-value ≤ 0.05). None of the dental hygienist students had a negative attitude about infection control, while most of participants with a negative attitude were dental technology students (84.6%). No statistically significant difference (p>0.05) was found between groups in regard to cross-infection knowledge, where the level of knowledge ranged from moderate to good.

Conclusion:
Good knowledge, attitude, and practice were reported for dental and dental hygiene students, while good knowledge with a negative attitude was found amongst dental technology students. Specialty affected the practice of infection control measures, yet gender was not a significant variable. Improvement of the university curriculum, particularly for dental technology students, to increase awareness and knowledge of cross infection control is highly recommended.
The impact of women in the literary life of Gibran Khalil Gibran
Authors: Al Tuma Qayssar Abed Kadhim , Mottaqi Amir Moqaddam , Seyedi Seyed Hosein 
Published: November 2021

Gibran Khalil Gibran loved women, but he did not love one woman, for he shared his life with a number of women, and these women saw him under different names such as mother, sister, beloved, friend and others, but did Gibran appreciate their great role in the stages of his life and did they influence These women in his literary life and how they affected? This research aims to shed light on this aspect of the life of this writer, answering such two questions, to show the extent of the impact of women in Gibran's literary life, using the descriptive-analytical approach. And the most important findings of the research. The results are that the woman played a great role in the formation of Gibran's literary personality, as his works gave a special color and character that differed from the works of others, and this is evident through his writings. This Mary Haskell was unique among all women with the first lover in his literary life, as he still frequently shows his love for her in his words to the point of illusion that he did not love another woman.
The systemic pro- and antioxidant processes in preschool children with recurrent acute respiratory diseases
Authors: Ovcharenko L.S. , Tymoshyna O.V. , Vertehel A.O. , Andrienko T.G. , Samokhin I.V. , Kryazhev O.V. , Chakmazova O.M. 
Published: November 2021

Background. The imbalance of innate defense early mechanisms in children from pathogens — peroxidation and antioxidant system, can lead to a decrease in the efficiency of the entire immune system. The study of the lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant protection (AOP) status in children with recurrent acute respiratory diseases will complement the scientific data on the antimicrobial immunity formation processes. The study was aimed to increase the information value of timely detected pro- and antioxidant processes disorders in children with recurrent acute respiratory diseases by studying the primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary compounds of LPO and AOP in the serum. Materials and methods. Sixty children aged from 2 to 5 years were examined. Two groups were formed: group 1 — children with respiratory acute infectious more than six times per year (n = 30); group 2 — children with respiratory acute infectious six or fewer times per year (n = 30). Results. The children in group 1 more often presented with high serum levels of lipid hydroperoxides (by 80.0 %; p < 0.05), diene conjugates (by 80.0 %; p < 0.05), malonic dialdehyde (76.7 %; p < 0.05), diene ketones (76.7 %; p < 0.05), Schiff bases (76.7 %; p < 0.05). ceruloplasmin (80.0 %; p < 0.05), superoxide dismutase (80.0 %; p < 0.05), glutathione peroxidase (86.7 %; p < 0.05), catalase activity (86.7 %; p < 0.05). The values of retinol, tocopherol, ascorbic acid in children in the observation groups did not differ statistically significantly. Conclusions. The children aged from 2 to 5 years old with recurrent acute respiratory diseases have an imbalance of the LPO and AOP systems. It was characterized by a simultaneous increase in the serum content of the primary, secondary, and end-products of LPO, enzymes of anti-peroxide and anti-oxygen protection against the background of the lack of adaptive increase in the content of anti-radical compounds.
The effect of sports participation in obese boys on some obesity indicators and physical fitness parameters
Authors: Dinç Engin , Arslan Serdar 
Published: November 2021

Background. To examine the effects of sports participation in obese boys on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, muscle strength, muscular endurance, balance and agility. Materials and methods. Sixty-three obese children with a mean age of 10.80 ± 0.58 were included in the study. Participants participated in sports, including judo, table tennis and basketball, for three months at their schools. Body weight, waist circumference and hip circumference of the participants were measured before and after participating in sports. Before and after participating in sports, grip strength, bent arm hanging, single-leg stance balance and plate tapping tests were applied to the participants. Results. While before participating in sports, BMI, waist and hip circumference outcomes of the participants were 23.04 ± 2.89 cm/m2, 81.61 ± 8.56 cm and 87.69 ± 6.52 cm, respectively; after participating in sports, BMI, waist circumference and hip circumference outcomes were 22.51 ± 2.88 cm/m2, 79.38 ± 8.74 cm and 85.73 ± 6.65 cm, respectively. The results of the single leg balance and bent arm-hanging tests after participation in sports increased compared to the results which before participating in sports (p < 0.05). However, the results of plate tapping test results that after participation in sports were less than the results which before participating in sports (p < 0.05). The result obtained from the grip strength after participation in sports was not different from the result obtained before participating in sports (p > 0.05). Conclusions. Participation in regular sports in obese children has positive effects on BMI, waist circumference and hip circumference, which are associated with chronic diseases. Additionally, the participation of obese children in regular sports contributes to the development of physical fitness parameters, which are indicators of health.