bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pursuing Regional Opportunities for Mentoring, Innovation, and Success for English Learners (PROMISE) Initiative: A Three-Year Pilot Study Research Monograph
Authors: Olsen Laurie , Lindholm-Leary Kathryn , Lavadenz Magaly , Armas Elvira , Dell'Olio Franca 
Published: April 2021

The Pursuing Regional Opportunities for Mentoring, Innovation, and Success for English Learners (PROMISE) Initiative Research Monograph is comprised of four sub-studies that took place between 2006 and 2009 to examine the effectiveness of the PROMISE Initiative across six implementing counties. Beginning in 2002, the superintendents of the six Southern California County Offices of Education collaborated to examine the pattern of the alarmingly low academic performance of English learners (EL) across Los Angeles, Orange, San Bernardino, San Diego, Riverside, and Ventura. Together, these six counties serve over one million EL students, more than 66% of the total EL population in the state of California, and close to 20% of the EL population in the nation. Data were compiled for the six counties, research on effective programs for ELs was shared, and a common vision for the success of ELs began to emerge. Out of this effort, the PROMISE Initiative was created to uphold a critical vision that ensured that ELs achieved and sustained high levels of proficiency, high levels of academic achievement, sociocultural and multicultural competency, preparation for successful transition to higher education, successful preparation as a 21st century global citizen, and high levels of motivation, confidence, and self-assurance. This report is organized into six chapters: an introductory chapter, four chapters of related studies, and a summary chapter. The four studies were framed around four areas of inquiry: 1) What is the PROMISE model? 2) What does classroom implementation of the PROMISE model look like? 3) What leadership skills do principals at PROMISE schools need to lead transformative education for ELs? 4) What impact did PROMISE have on student learning and participation? Key findings indicate that the PROMISE Initiative: •	resulted in positive change for ELs at all levels including achievement gains and narrowing of the gap between ELs and non-ELs •	increased use of research-based classroom practices •	refined and strengthened plans for ELs at the district-level, and •	demonstrated potential to enable infrastructure, partnerships, and communities of practice within and across the six school districts involved. The final chapter of the report provides implications for school reform for improving EL outcomes including bolstering EL expertise in school reform efforts, implementing sustained and in-depth professional development, monitoring and supporting long-term reform efforts, and establishing partnerships and networks to develop, research and disseminate efforts.
Diagnostic Utility of Creatine Kinase in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department with Chest Pain
Authors: Thiruganasambandamoorthy Venkatesh , Lam Brandon , Chaudry Hina , Mukarram Muhammad , Nemnom Marie-Joe , Kim Soo-Min , Ishimwe Aline Christelle , Taljaard Monica , Beanland Robert , Booth Ronald , Hebert Guy , Stiell Ian 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Creatine Kinase (CK) is routinely performed in some emergency departments (ED) for Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) workup. Its diagnostic utility is not well understood. The objectives of this study were to assess the value of CK in NSTEMI diagnosis in the troponin era and the association between the highest CK/Troponin values and ejection fraction (EF) during NSTEMI follow-up.

Methods: A prospective cohort study conducted at the two EDs of The Ottawa Hospital from March 2014 to March 2016 enrolled adults (≥18 years) for whom troponin I (TnI) and CK were ordered for NSTEMI symptoms. We excluded those with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). The primary outcome was a NSTEMI within 30 days. We used descriptive statistics and report test diagnostic characteristics with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We compared the highest median CK/Troponin values using Wilcoxon test.

Results: Of the 2,153 patients enrolled, 99 (4.6%) suffered a NSTEMI. The sensitivity and specificity were: CK (cutoff >250U/L) 31.3% (95%CI 22.2, 40.5) and 91.1% (95%CI 89.9, 92.4) respectively; TnI (cutoff >0.045µg/L) 98.0% (95%CI 95.2, 100) and 86.2% (95%CI 84.7, 87.7) respectively. The median CK values were not significantly different between those with normal (n=267) and abnormal EF (n=55) on follow-up (107 U/L and 118 U/L respectively; p=0.31), whereas the median TnI values were significantly different (0.02 µg/L and 0.1 µg/L respectively; p<0.0001).

Conclusions: CK measurements do not provide any value in the ED work-up of NSTEMI and is not associated with EF on follow-up. Discontinuing routine CK measurements would improve resource utilization.
Bacterial Diversity in Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) from Two States in Nigeria
Authors: Agwunobi Desmond Onyeka , Kamani Joshua , Zheng Hongyuan , Guo Lida , Yu Zhijun , Liu Jingze 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) is the most widely distributed tick species globally and plays a major role in tick-borne pathogen transmission among canine populations. The microbial community of this tick has not been characterized previously in Nigeria. Thus, in this study, the bacterial diversity in R. sanguineus collected from two states in Nigeria was explored using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing (IonS5TM XL sequencing platform). Three hundred genera (although 18 groups belong to unidentified genera) of bacteria belonging to 22 phyla were detected after pooling and sequencing, indicating a diverse bacterial community profile. At the phylum level, Actinobacteria (47.39%) was the most abundant phylum in the Benue state samples, followed by Proteobacteria (43.87%) and Firmicutes (8.21%), whereas Fusobacteria (38.14%) was the most abundant phylum in Plateau state samples, followed by Bacteroidetes (17.57%) and Firmicutes (17.54%). Proteobacteria accounts for 17% of samples from Plateau state. In general, Cetobacterium (35.86%) was the most abundant genus, followed by an unidentified genus under Corynebacteriaceae (29.94%) and Stenotrophomonas (19.52%). Coxiella spp., one common endosymbiont found in various tick species, was present in R. sanguineus. This study provides a baseline of knowledge of the bacterial microbiome of R. sanguineus in Nigeria. Nonpathogenic bacteria species were prevalent, and not much is known about their role. Thus, their composition, functional, and ecologic implications merit further investigation because this will aid in the subsequent management of ticks and tick-borne diseases.
SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AND BEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES IN SOUTH KOREA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Shahjehan Asad , Afridi Sajjad Ahmad , Haider Maqsood , Iqbal Amjad , Aziz Shahab 
Published: April 2021

Purpose of the study: There is considerable debate on smartphone addiction and its relationship with behavioral outcomes however in literature there is only one meta-analysis in the country-specific context and none in the South Korean context. Ranked 6th based on smartphone penetration in the world it is imperative to quantify the association.
Methodology: A systematic review was conducted to collect published sources about smartphone addiction and its relationships with behavioral outcomes. The identified sources were evaluated for appropriateness and inclusion in the meta-analysis was made. Thirty-one studies were included in the Meta-analysis providing data from 32 samples (n=11,002) and presented associations with 13 behavioral outcomes.
Main Findings: Meta-analytical tests presented a positive and significant relationship between smartphone addiction and the overall subject’s behavioral outcomes. Among the behavioral outcomes identified through the systematic review, six had significant while seven had an insignificant association with smartphone addiction. Lastly, these behavioral outcomes were quantitatively classified into 6 groups based on direction, significance, and heterogeneity of their reported effects. Overall smartphone addiction has a significant role in modifying certain behaviors of an individual.
Applications of this study: The results of this study enforce the opinion that smartphone addiction tends to significantly enhance negative behavioral outcomes while limits positive outcomes in the South Korean population.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This is the first country-specific study conducted regarding smartphone addiction. This is also the first meta-analysis study conducted which evaluated the effects of smartphone addiction on multiple behavior outcomes.
Confirmatory Evaluation of the Modified Medical Research Council Questionnaire for Assessment of Dyspnea in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Portugal
Authors: Ribeiro Soraia , Cardoso Carlos Seiça , Valério Margarida , Machado João , Costa José , Rodrigues Cidália , Rebelo-Marques Alexandre 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The Modified British Medical Research Council Questionnaire is considered an adequate and simple measure of breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is widely used in clinical practice in Portugal, but it still lacks confirmatory evaluation for the Portuguese setting. The aim of this study was to perform a cultural adaptation and validation of the Modified British Medical Research Council Questionnaire so that its most suitable version can be made available to researchers and clinicians in Portugal.Material and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional descriptive study involving patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease aged 40 years or older. We applied the Modified British Medical Research Council Questionnaire and the previously validated Portuguese-language version of the clinical questionnaire for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease between January and June 2019. We determined the agreement between the two questionnaires with kappa agreement, with a 95% confidence interval, and we used Spearman correlation to find a correlation between two scores.Results: The study included 65 patients managed in a hospital pulmonology clinic (aged 68 ± 7 years; with predicted FEV1 of 49.86% ± 16.5%). The Modified British Medical Research Council scale correlated significantly with all the domains and the overall score of the clinical questionnaire for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (0.46 < r < 0.68; p < 0.001). In bilingual patients, interclass correlation coefficient was 0.912 (p < 0.001).Conclusion: The Portuguese version of the Modified British Medical Research Council Questionnaire is a valid instrument for measurement of breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Analysis of Avicennia Sp. Plants Herbivory and Associated Insects in Mangrove Ecosystem Restoration
Authors: Kadarsah Anang 
Published: April 2021

Herbivory is<strong> </strong>a<strong> </strong>natural mechanisms for adjustment of tree growth, form, survivorship, and reproductive output of forest ecology including in mangrove ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to compare herbivory and insect diversity in various growth stages of <em>Avicennia</em> Sp. related with restoration of mangrove ecosystem. The research was carried out four months (July-October 2020) in Pagatan Besar mangrove ecosystem in Tanah Laut District, South Kalimantan Province. The results showed that marginal pattern is the most leaf attack case, both in every plant growth stages (39-68%) and canopy (53-58%)<strong> </strong>of <em>Avicennia </em>Sp. The highest average of leaf damage was found in lower canopy (3.06%), and the growth stage of seedling (3.62%). Herbivory most often found at lower canopy (3.17%) and seedling life stages (3.76%) of <em>Avicennia </em>Sp. It was found about 13 species of insects in all growth stages of Avicennia Sp. with the highest Biodiversity Index found in seedling (0.753). Insects function on all life stages of <em>Avicennia</em> Sp. was dominated by predator.
Efektivitas Minyak Cengkeh, Nimba dan Kemiri Sunan, serta Ekstrak Babadotan Terhadap Penyakit Karat Daun Kopi (Hemileia vastatrix)
Authors: Taufiq Efi , Indriati Gusti , Harni Rita , Pranowo Dibyo 
Published: April 2021

<p><em>Leaf rust disease </em>(Hemileia vastatrix)<em> is commonly controlled using synthetic fungicides. Plant oils and extracts are expected to reduce the pathogen. The research aimed to determine the effectiveness of clove, </em>Reutealis trisperma<em>, </em><em>and neem oils, and </em>Ageratum conyzoides<em> extract against </em>H. vastatrix<em>. The study was conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse of the Indonesian Industrial and </em><em>Beverage Crops Research Institute and smallholder coffee plantation in Garut, West Java, from January to December 2018. </em>The A. conyzoides<em> were extracted in the laboratories. Plant oils and extract's effectiveness</em><em> was tested in vitro against the germination of urediniospore and in a greenhouse to inhibit disease development. The in vitro experiment were evaluated the eight concentrations of extract and oil were: 0 (steril water), 250, 500, 1000, 1500, 3000, and 5000 ppm. Whereas, in the greenhouse experiments used three concentrations of 1000, 2500, and 5000 ppm of the extract and oil, and 2000 ppm of Mankozeb (positive control). The greenhouse test was carried out on Arabica coffee plants, completely randomized design and five replications. The number of spots, disease intensity, and plant growth were examined periodically. The results showed that all of the the extract and oil inhibited the urediniospores germination, and the most effective concentrations were 500 ppm, 3000 ppm, and 5000 ppm. </em>A. conyzoides<em> extract, and clove oil effectively suppressed the infection of </em>H. vastatrix<em> by 75.99% and 64.00%, respectively, and comparable to the synthetic fungicide (68.00%).</em></p>
Pengujian Umur Simpan Kopi Arabika Bubuk Pada Jenis Kemasan dan Suhu Simpan Yang Berbeda
Authors: Tarigan Elsera Br , Wardiana Edi , Supriadi Handi 
Published: April 2021

<p><em>Coffee is a beverage that is widely consumed around the world. Proper packaging and storage temperature may extend shelf life of ground coffee. The study aimed to analyze the shelf life of ground Arabica coffee stored in different packaging types and temperature, conducted at smallholder coffee plantations in Garut Regency and the Integrated Laboratory of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from June to August 2018. A completely randomized design in factorial was used with 3 factors and 2 replications. The first factor was the packaging type which consisted of 3 types: thick alumunium foil 65</em><em>m</em><em> (AF65), thick alumunium foil 130</em><em>m</em><em> (AF130), and thick lamination 114</em><em>m</em><em> (L144). The second factor was the storage temperature which consisted of 3 levels: 25 <sup>o</sup>C, 35 <sup>o</sup>C, and 45 <sup>o</sup>C, while the third factor was the storage period which consisted of 5 levels: coffee unstored, and coffee stored for 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 8 weeks. The variables observed were the water and fat content, and the analysis of shelf life was carried out using the ASLT (Accelerated Shelf Life Test) method. The results showed that during storage, the water content increased, whereas the fat content decreased. Fat content is a critical variable in determining the shelf life of coffee. The coffee in AF130 packaging has longer shelf life than in AF65 and L144. To extend the shelf life of coffee packaged in AF130 and L144 is best kept at 45<sup> o</sup>C whereas coffee in AF65 packaging is ideally at 25<sup> o</sup>C.</em></p>
Determining the Slip Rate and Earthquake Recurrence Interval on the Tip of a Foreberg in the Gobi-Altai, Mongolia
Authors: Lee C.H. , Seong Y.B. , Oh J.-S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
––The Gobi-Altai, Mongolia, includes high mountain ranges that have accommodated the compressional stresses derived from the collision between the Eurasian and Indian Plates. The Gurvan Bogd, which is one of the main mountain ranges in the Gobi-Altai, is a restraining bend along the Bogd sinistral fault. Although surface ruptures did not form near the Artz Bogd during the Mw = 8.1 Gobi-Altai earthquake of 1957, it is still active, as evidenced by a growing topography (i.e., forebergs). Six foreberg ridges have formed in the foreland of the Artz Bogd, which are considered to be the result of surface deformation of alluvial fans due to thrusting. One stream has cut down to expose a foreberg tip, providing the opportunity to explore the slip evolution of the region. Here we map a growing fault structure related to blind thrusting. We identify five faulting events from an analysis of the outcrop and apply optically stimulated luminescence dating to the faulted sedimentary layers, yielding an average slip rate of 0.045 ± 0.007 m/kyr and an earthquake recurrence interval of 5.8 ± 0.5 kyr over the last ~32 kyr. Furthermore, the long-term (~600 kyr) uplift rate of the foreberg is 0.067 ± 0.007 m/kyr, as deduced by dividing the vertical displacement of the alluvial fan surface by the 10Be surface exposure ages of boulders on the fan. The discrepancy (20–30%) between these two deformation rates may be due to the different timescales they cover and an along-strike gradient in slip rate.
Efektivitas Sistem Temu Kembali Informasi Online Public Catalog (OPAC) Dengan Tinjauan Precision Menggunakan Pendekatan Judul Dan Subjek Di Perpustakaan Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu
Authors: Kartina Linda , Purwaka Purwaka , Samosir Fransiska Timoria 
Published: April 2021

Library as a centre for information resources is the backbone of the progress of an educational institution. Imbalance between the use of information retrieval system facilities advance search and a quick search of the catalogue are very common in a search. This study was aimed to know and to describe how the precision of information retrieval system by using title field and subject on OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog) ) at Muhammaddiyah University Library of Bengkulu is effective as an information retrieval system. This study was a quantitative descriptive study using analytical methods. The technique of data collection in this study was by using trace observation on the Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC). The study was carried out by using the title of the names of study programs and the subject to study program as the study sample a mounted to 206. Sample were taken by using purposive sampling techniques. The result of the study showed that search using advanced search features by using the section title of sociology subject obtained a precision marks of 0,98 while the use of advanced search features by using biology education subject obtainrd precision mark of 0,66. The use of quick search feature by using the sociology subjects get a precision marks of 0,98 while the use of quick search feature by using biology education subject obtained a precision marks of 0,99. The testing on the four search shows that the quick search and advanced search features in the title and subject are in the average range of 0,90 so it is said that the search system of OPAC at Muhammadiyah University Library of Bengkulu is effective as an information retrieval system.
Empirical Modelization of Intermittent Gas/Liquid Flow Hydrodynamic Parameters: The Importance of Distinguishing between Plug and Slug Flows
Authors: Arabi Abderraouf , Azzi Abdelwahid , Kadi Rabah , Al-Sarkhi Abdelsalam , Hewakandamby Buddhika 
Published: April 2021

SummaryIntermittent flow is one of the most complex flow regimes in horizontal pipes. Various studies have classified this regime as two distinct subregimes: plug and slug flow. This classification has been made based on flow observations. In this work, the behavior of several flow parameters that characterize plug and slug flow are presented. Data from eight published works in the open literature were collected and studied to explain the behavior of both regimes. These data include pressure drop, void fraction, and slug frequency, as well as the lengths of liquid slugs and elongated bubbles for slug and plug regimes.It is observed from the evolution and analysis of these parameters that plug and slug flows have several different distinct features and should be considered as two separate regimes for the empirical modelization of the hydrodynamic parameters. The mixture Froude number, and to a lesser extent the liquid superficial velocity to gas superficial velocity ratio, seem to have significant impacts on the plug-to-slug flow transition.
Long-term outcomes of synchronous splenectomy and hepatectomy or radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma and esophagogastric variceal bleeding
Authors: Ma Jia-li , Jiang Li , Li Ping , He Ling-ling , Wei Hong-shan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to compare the long-term outcomes of hepatectomy and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with pericardial devascularization (PCDV) plus splenectomy for patients with cirrhosis having hepatocellular carcinoma and esophagogastric variceal bleeding.Materials and Methods: Between October 2008 and March 2018, 46 patients with cirrhosis having hepatocellular carcinoma and esophagogastric variceal bleeding for portal hypertension were included in this study. The overall survival curves, recurrence-free survival curves, and rebleeding-free survival curves were plotted using Kaplan–Meier analysis. The log-rank test was used to compare time-to-event curves between groups.Results: The median follow-up time was 38 months. Among 20 patients undergoing RFA, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 95.00%,60.00%, and 35.00%, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were 35.00%, 25.00%, and 10.00%, respectively. The 1,3- and 5-year rebleeding-free survival rates were 85.00%, 60.00%, and 40.00%, respectively. Among 26 patients undergoing hepatectomy, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 96.15%,50.00%, and 34.62%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were 65.38%, 19.23%, and 11.54%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year rebleeding-free survival rates were 73.08%, 42.31%, and 26.92%, respectively. No significant differences were found in overall, recurrence-free, and rebleeding-free survival rates.Conclusions: Hepatectomy or RFA with PCDV plus splenectomy might be a safe and effective treatment for patients with cirrhosis having hepatocellular carcinoma and esophagogastric variceal bleeding. “Hepatectomy first” strategy may be considered due to its lower and later recurrence. More attention should be paid to background liver diseases after surgery.