bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implant failure and associated risk indicators: A retrospective study
Authors: Takamoli Joan , Pascual Andres , Martinez‐Amargant Josep , Garcia‐Mur Berta , Nart Jose , Valles Cristina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate early and late implant loss rates in a sample of patients who had received implant therapy in a university setting as well as patient‐ and implant‐related variables for implant failure.Material and methodsThis is a retrospective analysis in a cohort of patients who were treated with implant‐supported restorative therapy during the period 2001–2012. Patients were randomly selected from an electronic database and scheduled for an appointment to record subject and implant characteristics. The primary study outcome was implant loss (i.e., early and late implant failure).ResultsA total of 190 patients and 710 implants were included. The mean time in function was 8.2 (SD2.4) years. Four implants (0.6%) failed in four patients (2.1%) prior to connection of the restoration within a mean period of 1.5 (SD1.3) months after surgical procedure. Moreover, 17 subjects (8.9%) exhibited late implant failure, representing 26 implants (3.7%), after a mean follow‐up of 5 years (SD2.2) from prosthesis connection. The final multivariable model indicated three factors related to late implant failure: subjects <55 years (OR = 3.62; 95% CI 1.46–10.22;p = .002), smokers/former smokers (OR = 6.25; 95% CI 1.70–17.52;p = .005), and implants with no access to interproximal hygiene (OR = 7.25; 95% CI 2.20–28.25;p < .001).ConclusionsThe rate for early and late implant failure in a sample of 190 patients who had received implant therapy in a university setting was 2.1% and 8.9%, respectively, at subject level. Subjects <55 years and smokers/former smokers as well as implants with inadequate access to interproximal hygiene were significantly associated with late implant failure.
An illicit artisanal fishery for North Pacific white sharks indicates frequent occurrence and high mortality in the Gulf of California
Authors: Madigan Daniel J. , Arnoldi Natalie S. , Hussey Nigel E. , Carlisle Aaron B. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLarge sharks shape ecosystems across their geographic ranges and have become a top research and conservation priority. Eastern North Pacific (ENP) white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) aggregations off the United States and Mexico are well described, but their population status is currently uncertain. Population assessments of ENP white sharks are complicated by migrations across international boundaries, vulnerability at aggregation sites, and undetermined mortality levels. While protective legislation exists both in the United States and Mexico, ongoing incidental and unreported catch may undermine assessments and management. Here, access to a clandestine artisanal fishery provides evidence for white shark abundance and mortality in the Gulf of California that has been underestimated by other methods (e.g., satellite telemetry, [by]catch data). Shark size estimates based on tooth measurements suggest abundance of both juvenile and mature sharks in the region, and updated population models indicate the potential for substantial impacts of this fishery on ENP population viability. The data here, fisher‐provided information, and anecdotal evidence suggest potentially high abundance at two specific regions, making directed future research efforts feasible in the Gulf. These data demonstrate that cryptic life histories and geopolitical boundaries can still limit fundamental understanding of megafauna distribution, necessitating international cooperation for both research and management.
One Door Opens: Another Door Shuts?
Authors: Faciolince María , Green Duncan 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThis article explores some of the consequences of open access (OA) for scholars in the global South, centring on what constitutes their equal participation in the global circuit of knowledge production. Building on critical reflections by contributors to the ‘Power Shifts’ project within the From Poverty to Power blog, the limitations of the OA model are shown to be tied to a series of structural features characteristic of the twin systems of academic research and publishing. What the challenges faced by many scholars in the global South demonstrate is that ‘openness’, or inclusion in this format, is not yet the guarantee for equality that many had hoped. The article frames this as a systemic knowledge issue at a global scale that cannot be remedied by a simple reform to academic publishing. The article points to some creative efforts by scholars to forge alternative models for scholarly communication that move away from a marketized and restrictive model of knowledge production, and towards epistemic justice. The authors conclude that while OA represents a positive step forward in making knowledge a public good, it is no substitute for a more comprehensive rethink to pluralize our ways of knowing.
Dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in a patient with acute coronary syndrome and without the apical akinesia: Potential alternative mechanisms causing a dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction other than a compensatory basal hyperkinesis
Authors: Fujiwara Momo , Kawai Keisuke , Kanazawa Natsuki , Noguchi Masamitsu , Hasokawa Minoru , Nanahoshi Masakazu , Kobayashi Seiichi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe mechanism for dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is thought to be apical infarction with compensatory hyperkinesia of the residual normally perfused basal segments of the myocardium. However, herein, we report a patient with ACS and dynamic LVOTO (peak gradient of 250 mm Hg at rest) that could not be secondary to apical akinesia. We propose a potential alternative mechanism leading to dynamic LVOTO in ACS, namely, the interplay between sigmoid septum, basal hyperkinesis, and outflow tract narrowing induced by afterload reduction due to acute myocardial ischemia itself.
Percutaneous puncture of an aorto‐bifemoral bypass graft and successful closure with MANTA® device in transfemoral TAVR
Authors: Geyer Martin , Tamm Alexander R. , Oberhoffer Martin , Kreidel Felix , El Beyrouti Hazem , Münzel Thomas , von Bardeleben Ralph Stephan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTransfemoral aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become a standard therapeutic option for patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. Special anatomies can pose distinct challenges for vascular access and later closure of the access site, for example, in preoperated patients. Here, we elucidate a case of transfemoral TAVR with vascular access by direct puncture of an aorto‐bifemoral bypass graft and illustrate the feasibility of vascular closure by an anchored collagen‐plug vascular closure device (Teleflex MANTA®).
Oxidative stress, inflammation, blood rheology, and microcirculation in adults with sickle cell disease: Effects of hydroxyurea treatment and impact of sickle cell syndrome
Authors: Connes Philippe , Möckesch Berenike , Tudor Ngo Sock Emilienne , Hardy‐Dessources Marie‐Dominique , Reminy Karen , Skinner Sarah , Billaud Marie , Nader Elie , Tressieres Benoit , Etienne‐Julan Maryse , Guillot Nicolas , Lemonne Nathalie , Hue Olivier , Romana Marc , Antoine‐Jonville Sophie 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInflammation and oxidative stress play a key role in the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease (SCD). However, the potential influence of different sickle genotypes, or hydroxyurea (HU) treatment, on these factors remains poorly documented. The present study compared several plasma markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as microvascular function, between patients with sickle SC disease (HbSC, n = 19) and patients with sickle cell anemia (HbSS) under hydroxyurea (HU) treatment (n = 16), or not (n = 13). Hemorheological parameters and levels of inflammatory (IL‐6, IL‐8, IFN‐γ, MCP‐1, MIP‐1β, TNF‐α) and oxidative stress (AOPP, MDA, MPO) markers were determined. Peripheral microcirculatory cutaneous blood flow and immediate microvascular response to local heat were evaluated using laser Doppler flowmetry. Oxidative stress and inflammation were lower in HbSC patients and HbSS patients under HU therapy compared to HbSS patients not treated with HU. Blood viscosity was higher in HbSC than in HbSS patients treated with or not with HU. Vasodilation response of the cutaneous microcirculation to heat stress was higher in HbSS patients receiving HU treatment. Our results clearly established that both sickle cell genotype and HU treatment modulate inflammation and oxidative stress.
Characteristics and control of the 24‐hour ambulatory blood pressure in patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Huang Jian‐Feng , Li Yan , Shin Jinho , Chia Yook‐Chin , Sukonthasarn Apichard , Turana Yuda , Chen Chen‐Huan , Cheng Hao‐Min , Ann Soenarta Arieska , Tay Jam Chin , Wang Tzung‐Dau , Kario Kazuomi , Wang Ji‐Guang ,   the HOPE Asia Network
Published: February 2021

AbstractAsian countries are facing an increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which may aggravate the burden of cardiovascular diseases in this region. MetS is closely associated with ambulatory blood pressure (BP). Patients with MetS, compared to those without, had a twofold higher risk of new‐onset office, home, or ambulatory hypertension. Furthermore, the risk of new‐onset MetS in patients with white‐coat, masked and sustained hypertension was also doubled compared to normotensives. High‐risk masked hypertension and blunted nighttime BP dipping are common in patients with MetS, suggesting perfect 24‐hour BP control with long‐acting antihypertensive drugs and early initiation of combination therapy might be especially important for patients with MetS.
Identification of viral particles in the apoplast of Nicotianabenthamiana leaves infected by potato virus X
Authors: Hu Shuzhen , Yin Yueyan , Chen Buyang , Lin Qi , Tian Yanzhen , Song Xijiao , Peng Jiejun , Zheng Hongying , Rao Shaofei , Wu Guanwei , Mo Xiaohan , Yan Fei , Chen Jianping , Lu Yuwen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe apoplast is the extracellular space for signalling, nutrient transport, and plant–microbe interactions, but little is known about how plant viruses use the foliar apoplast. Proteomic analysis of the apoplasts isolated from potato virus X (PVX)‐infected Nicotiana benthamiana plants showed that the coat protein (CP) is the dominant viral component. The presence of the CP in the apoplast was confirmed by western blot, viral nucleic acid was detected by reverse transcription‐PCR and northern blot, and viral particles were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The apoplast from infected leaves was infectious if rubbed onto healthy leaves but not when infiltrated into them. The exosomes were separated from the apoplast fluid by high‐speed centrifugation and TEM showed that PVX particles were not associated with the exosomes. These results suggest that PVX virions are released to the N. benthamiana apoplast in a one‐way manner and do not share the bidirectional transport of exosomes.
Evolving the structure: climatic and developmental constraints on the evolution of plant architecture. A case study in Euphorbia
Authors: Anest Artémis , Charles‐Dominique Tristan , Maurin Olivier , Millan Mathieu , Edelin Claude , Tomlinson Kyle W. 
Published: February 2021

Summary

Plant architecture strongly influences ecological performance, yet its role in plant evolution has not been explored in depth. By testing both phylogenetic and environmental signals, it is possible to separate architectural traits into four categories: development constraints (phylogenetic signal only); convergences (environmental dependency only); key confluences to the environmental driver (both); unknown (neither).

We analysed the evolutionary history of the genus Euphorbia, a model clade with both high architectural diversity and a wide environmental range. We conducted comparative analyses of 193 Euphorbia species world‐wide using 73 architectural traits, a dated phylogeny, and climate data.

We identified 14 architectural types in Euphorbia based on trait combinations. We found 22 traits and three types representing convergences under climate groups, 21 traits and four types showing phylogenetic signal but no relation to climate, and 16 traits and five types with both climate and phylogenetic signals.

Major drivers of architectural trait evolution likely include water stress in deserts (selected for succulence, continuous branching), frost disturbance in temperate systems (selected for simple, prostrate, short‐lived shoots) and light competition (selected for arborescence). Simple architectures allowed resilience to disturbance, and frequent transitions into new forms. Complex architectures with functional specialisation developed under stable climates but have low evolvability.
Functional packaging of seeds
Authors: Huss Jessica C. , Gierlinger Notburga 
Published: February 2021

SummaryThe encapsulation of seeds in hard coats and fruit walls (pericarp layers) fulfils protective and dispersal functions in many plant families. In angiosperms, packaging structures possess a remarkable range of different morphologies and functionalities, as illustrated by thermo and hygro‐responsive seed pods and appendages, as well as mechanically strong and water‐impermeable shells. Key to these different functionalities are characteristic structural arrangements and chemical modifications of the underlying sclerenchymatous tissues. Although many ecological aspects of hard seed encapsulation have been well documented, a detailed understanding of the relationship between tissue structure and function only recently started to emerge, especially in the context of environmentally driven fruit opening and seed dispersal (responsive encapsulations) and the outstanding durability of some seed coats and indehiscent fruits (static encapsulations). In this review, we focus on the tissue properties of these two systems, with particular consideration of water interactions, mechanical resistance, and force generation. Common principles, as well as unique adaptations, are discussed in different plant species. Understanding how plants integrate a broad range of functions and properties for seed protection during storage and dispersal plays a central role for seed conservation, population dynamics, and plant‐based material developments.
Perianesthetic neurological adverse events in children: A review of the Wake‐Up Safe Database
Authors: Raghavan Kavitha C. , Hache Manon , Bulsara Purva , Lu Zhaohua , Rossi Michael G. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundPerianesthetic neurological adverse events are rare in children and have been studied in detail in the settings of cardiac surgery and regional anesthesia. Our study aims to characterize perianesthetic neurological adverse events in children in the setting of all types of surgery and diagnostic or interventional procedures, to evaluate anesthesia's role, and to identify factors amenable to prevention.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study by reviewing all the anesthetic encounters reported in the Wake‐Up Safe database between January 2010 and December 2017.ResultsThe rate of perianesthetic neurological adverse events was 0.49 per 10 000 pediatric anesthetic encounters. The odds of NAE were significantly higher in children who were older than 6 months; had American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA PS) of 3, 4, or 5; or had American Society of Anesthesiologists Emergency (ASA E) status. Seizures were the most common NAE. Overall, 23 (18.1%) children with neurological adverse events died, and 33 (26%) experienced permanent or severe permanent harm. The risk of death was higher in infants and in children with ASA PS of 3, 4, or 5; ASA E status; preexisting neurological abnormality; or preexisting neurological deficit and in events associated with cardiac arrest or trauma. Anesthesia contributed to 24 (18.9%) events; patient disease was the primary causative factor in 95 (74.8%) adverse events, and 37 (29.1%) events were preventable, including 2 deaths. Preventable factors broadly included inadequate preoptimization, complications during airway management and central venous catheter placement, and suboptimal patient positioning.ConclusionPerianesthetic neurological adverse events are rare in children and have a poor outcome. Our study has described pediatric perianesthetic neurological injury in detail and identified contributing factors that can be optimized during various phases of perianesthetic care. This information can be utilized during the informed consent process and to enhance the quality of care in children receiving anesthesia.
Deciphering the genetic basis of wheat seminal root anatomy uncovers ancestral axial conductance alleles
Authors: Hendel Elisha , Bacher Harel , Oksenberg Adi , Walia Harkamal , Schwartz Nimrod , Peleg Zvi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRoot axial conductance, which describes the ability of water to move through the xylem, contributes to the rate of water uptake from the soil throughout the whole plant lifecycle. Under the rainfed wheat agro‐system, grain‐filling is typically occurring during declining water availability (i.e., terminal drought). Therefore, preserving soil water moisture during grain filling could serve as a key adaptive trait. We hypothesized that lower wheat root axial conductance can promote higher yields under terminal drought. A segregating population derived from a cross between durum wheat and its direct progenitor wild emmer wheat was used to underpin the genetic basis of seminal root architectural and functional traits. We detected 75 QTL associated with seminal roots morphological, anatomical and physiological traits, with several hotspots harbouring co‐localized QTL. We further validated the axial conductance and central metaxylem QTL using wild introgression lines. Field‐based characterization of genotypes with contrasting axial conductance suggested the contribution of low axial conductance as a mechanism for water conservation during grain filling and consequent increase in grain size and yield. Our findings underscore the potential of harnessing wild alleles to reshape the wheat root system architecture and associated hydraulic properties for greater adaptability under changing climate.
Family-oriented interventions in long-term care residential settings: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Eltaybani Sameh , Yasaka Taisuke , Fukui Chie , Inagaki Asa , Takaoka Manami , Suzuki Haruno , Maruyama Miyuki , Yamamoto-Mitani Noriko 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The objective of this review will be to identify the characteristics (eg, type, duration, and provider) of family-oriented interventions in long-term care residential settings. The authors will also identify which outcomes are reported in the literature when implementing family-oriented interventions.

Introduction:
An array of family-oriented interventions in long-term care residential settings exist. Given the heterogeneity of current literature, mapping characteristics and intended outcomes of family-oriented interventions is an essential step to inform how best to support families of patients in long-term care residential settings.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider studies describing family-oriented interventions for families of elderly patients in long-term care residential settings, with no exclusion based on country, gender, or comorbidities. Interventions that address any family-related issue, such as quality of life, psychological burden, and family involvement in patient care, are eligible for inclusion. Studies will be excluded if the patients are cared for at their own homes or institutionalized care is provided on a temporary basis. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed method study designs will be considered for inclusion.

Methods:
A scoping review will be conducted using the JBI methodological approach. Seven databases will be systematically searched: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews including Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, OpenGrey, and the Grey Literature Report. Citations will be screened against the inclusion criteria by two reviewers independently. Relevant data will be extracted from the included studies, and will be synthesized, summarized, and reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
The Behavior of a Brittle Material at Failure
Authors: Frocht Max M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper reports a number of unusual and instructive fractures and shows that the strength of bakelite, which may be considered a typical brittle material, is determined by the maximum tensile stresses as computed by advanced methods of stress analysis. The material used in the tests here described was obtained from the Bakelite Corporation of America and is known by the numbers BT-61-893 and BT-46-001.
The Calculation of Dampers for Systems Subject to Self-Induced Vibration
Authors: Baker J. G. , Mikina S. J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The authors point out that complete elimination of self-induced vibration cannot be treated generally because the systems in which it occurs, and the conditions under which the systems are subject to this type of vibration, are so varied. However, such vibration can be reduced by damping, and the means employed can be discussed in terms applicable to the whole class of self-induced vibrations. The authors show that the time-displacement curve for the building up of a self-induced vibration is a convenient basis for calculating the amount of damping required to prevent the vibration from building up.
Working Stresses for Members Subjected to Fluctuating Loads
Authors: Marin Joseph 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Many machine members, such as shafts and axles, are subjected to stresses which do not remain constant in magnitude but fluctuate with time. Under such conditions, the resisting strength of the material is reduced and hence a different working stress from that for static stresses must be used. To determine this working stress, it is convenient to first establish the maximum working stress for simple tension in the case of fluctuating stress. With this as a basis, the case of combined stresses can then be considered. The evaluation of working stresses for members subjected to fluctuating combined stress has been made by Soderberg, based on a shear theory of failure. However, recent tests by Gough, indicate that for ductile materials, a shear-energy theory is in better agreement with experiment. The following paper deals primarily with the formulation of such a theory and its application to design. In addition, a comparison is made of designs by this theory with those now in use. In this discussion, ductile materials are considered and, in particular, medium-carbon steels.
End Reactions and Stresses in Three-Dimensional Pipe Lines
Authors: Karelitz G. B. , Marchant J. H. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The authors present a method for the numerical computation of the end forces and couples in a three-dimensional pipe line. The method takes care of a pipe line with any number of straight parts connected by bends. A procedure of computation is also shown when parts of the pipe line are skewed. The ends of the line may be partially or completely constrained against rotation and translation. A construction for the analysis of stresses in the pipe bends is given. The method is illustrated by a sample computation of the end forces and couples in a steam main which is restrained against thermal expansion.