bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19, emergency remote teaching evaluation: the case of Indonesia
Authors: Cahyadi Ani , Hendryadi  , Widyastuti Sri , Suryani  
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has challenged educational institutions worldwide to rapidly shift to an online mode of teaching. In this paper, we discuss the concept of emergency remote teaching (ERT), including its implementation and evaluation, in the context of higher education in Indonesia. The Context, Input, Process, and Product framework was used to evaluate the implementation of ERT based on the experiences of 45 faculty members and 82 students from seven universities and colleges in three provinces in Indonesia. This study revealed several points of view. First, the shift to the ERT process depends on various aspects: internal organizational resources (curriculum, staff development, and technology), and external challenges (lack of access to a fast, affordable, and reliable Internet connection and the socioeconomic problems of the participants). Second, the ERT learning design needs to be framed using three principles: simplicity, flexibility, and empathy. The schools/administrators understand that this is not a normal situation in which learning competency standards must be rigorously met. In a crisis, given the facts that show disparities in technology and Internet networks, curriculum fulfillment is not the sole issue; it is also important to care for and support learners during this difficult time. This study provides recommendations that will serve as input for future strategies and educational policies in Indonesia, and developing countries in general. Additionally, this study can also be used as a benchmark for evaluating learning in similar situations in other countries.
The role of non-invasive imaging modalities in cardiac allograft vasculopathy: an updated focus on current evidences
Authors: Sciaccaluga C , Ghionzoli N , Mandoli GE , Sisti N , D’Ascenzi F , Focardi M , Bernazzali S , Vergaro G , Emdin M , Valente S , Cameli M 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is an obliterative and diffuse form of vasculopathy affecting almost 50% of patients after 10 years from heart transplant and represents the most common cause of long-term cardiovascular mortality among heart transplant recipients. The gold standard diagnostic technique is still invasive coronary angiography, which however holds potential for complications, especially contrast-related kidney injury and procedure-related vascular lesions. Non-invasive and contrast-sparing imaging techniques have been advocated and investigated over the past decades, in order to identify those that could replace coronary angiography or at least reach comparable accuracy in CAV detection. In addition, they could help the clinician in defining optimal timing for invasive testing. This review attempts to examine the currently available non-invasive imaging techniques that may be used in the follow-up of heart transplant patients, spanning from echocardiography to nuclear imaging, cardiac magnetic resonance and cardiac computed tomography angiography, weighting their advantages and disadvantages.
Effect on Jarlskog Determinant Above the GUT Scale Within Four Flavor Neutrino Framework
Authors: Nautiyal Vivek Kumar , Koranga Bipin Singh 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe study the Planck scale effects on Jarlskog determiant in the four flavor framework. On electroweak symmetry breaking, quantum gravitational effects lead to an effective SU(2) × U(1) invariant dimension-5 Lagrangian including neutrino and Higgs forces, which perturbed the neutrino mass term and produce an extra terms in the neutrino mass matrix. We consider that gravitational interaction is independent from flavor and compute the Jarlskog determiant due to Planck scale effects. In the case of leptonic sector, the strentgh of CP violation is measured by Jarlskog determiant. We applied our approach to study Jarlskog determinant in the four flavor neutrino mixing above the GUT scale.
YBa2Cu3O7 films grown onto SrTiO3 and YSZ substrates by chemical solution deposition of trifluoroacetates
Authors: Domínguez A. Bustamante , De Los Santos Valladares L. , Cornejo H. Sanchez , Osorio-Anaya A. M. , Santibañez J. Flores , Sovero L. Sanchez , Barnes C. H. W. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe report the preparation and characterization of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) films grown onto SrTiO3 and YSZ substrates by the trifluoroacetates chemical solution deposition method and following sintering with oxygen atmosphere at 860 °C. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals (00ℓ) – oriented crystallites indicating epitaxial growth of the films in the c-direction. Despite granular morphology and the presence of Y2BaCuO5 and CuO as minor secondary phases, the technique shows the successful formation of the superconducting YBCO and preventing the formation of the unwanted BaCO3 phase. Rocking curve measurements of the (005) reflection for the YBCO/SrTiO3 was fitted with one Gaussian function with full width at the half maximum (FWHM) of 0.44° confirming that it consists of YBCO crystallites with different texture. For the sample grown on YSZ, the rocking curve was fitted with two Gaussian functions, one corresponding to the YBCO layer (FWHM = 0.4°) and another to the substrate (FWHM = 0.3°). The magnetic measurements taken in zero field cooling and field cooling modes confirm the formation of the superconducting YBCO with critical temperatures (TC) 91.8 and 85.7 K for the samples grown onto YSZ and SrTiO3, respectively. The critical current density (JC) curves indirectly calculated by using the Bean´s model from the M(T) loops were JC ~ 109 A/cm2 for the sample deposited onto YSZ and JC ~ 107A/cm2 for the YBCO deposited onto SrTiO3. Overall, the difference in TC and JC values between both samples could be related to their difference in oxygen content, porosity, hole concentration per Cu ion and the presence of secondary phases.
W[1]-hardness of the k-center problem parameterized by the skeleton dimension
Authors: Blum Johannes 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe study the k-Center problem, where the input is a graph $$G=(V,E)$$

G
=
(
V
,
E
)

with positive edge weights and an integer k, and the goal is to select k center vertices $$C \subseteq V$$

C
⊆
V

such that the maximum distance from any vertex to the closest center vertex is minimized. In general, this problem is $$\mathsf {NP}$$
NP
-hard and cannot be approximated within a factor less than 2. Typical applications of the k-Center problem can be found in logistics or urban planning and hence, it is natural to study the problem on transportation networks. Common characterizations of such networks are graphs that are (almost) planar or have low doubling dimension, highway dimension or skeleton dimension. It was shown by Feldmann and Marx that k-Center is $$\mathsf {W[1]}$$

W
[
1
]

-hard on planar graphs of constant doubling dimension when parameterized by the number of centers k, the highway dimension $$hd$$

hd

and the pathwidth $$pw$$

pw

(Feldmann and Marx 2020). We extend their result and show that even if we additionally parameterize by the skeleton dimension $$\kappa $$
κ
, the k-Center problem remains $$\mathsf {W[1]}$$

W
[
1
]

-hard. Moreover, we prove that under the Exponential Time Hypothesis there is no exact algorithm for k-Center that has runtime $$f(k,hd,pw,\kappa ) \cdot \vert V \vert ^{o(pw+ \kappa + \sqrt{k+hd})}$$

f

(
k
,
h
d
,
p
w
,
κ
)

·

|
V
|

o
(
p
w
+
κ
+

k
+
h
d

)

for any computable function f.
Factors Associated with Stunted Growth in Children Under Five Years in Antananarivo, Madagascar and Bangui, Central African Republic
Authors: Vonaesch Pascale , Djorie Serge Ghislain , Kandou Kaleb Jephté Estimé , Rakotondrainipiana Maheninasy , Schaeffer Laura , Andriatsalama Prisca Vega , Randriamparany Ravaka , Gondje Bolmbaye Privat , Nigatoloum Synthia , Vondo Sonia Sandrine , Etienne Aurélie , Robinson Annick , Hunald Francis Allen , Raharimalala Lisette , Giles-Vernick Tamara , Tondeur Laura , Randrianirina Frédérique , Bastaraud Alexandra , Gody Jean-Chrysostome , Sansonetti Philippe Jean , Randremanana Rindra Vatosoa ,   AFRIBIOTA Investigators, Barbot-Trystram Laurence , Barouki Robert , Bastaraud Alexandra , Collard Jean-Marc , Doria Maria , Etienne Aurélie , Djorie Serge Ghislain , Giles-Vernick Tamara , Godje Bolmbaye Privat , Gody Jean-Chrysostome , Hunald Francis Allen , Kapel Nathalie , Lombart Jean-Pierre , Manirakiza Alexandre , Nigatoloum Synthia Nazita , Raharimalala Lisette , Rakotondrainipiana Maheninasy , Randremanana Rindra , Randriamizao Harifetra Mamy Richard , Randrianirina Frédérique , Robinson Annick , Rubbo Pierre-Alain , Sansonetti Philippe , Schaeffer Laura , Gouandjika-Vassilache Ionela , Vonaesch Pascale , Vondo Sonia Sandrine , Vigan-Womas Inès 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesWith a fourth of all under-five children affected, stunting remains one of the biggest health challenges worldwide. Even though the main underlying factors are known, the exact pathways to stunting varying in affected regions, and interventions thus need to be tailored to the local contexts. This study aimed assessing and comparing factors associated with stunting in two understudied sub-Saharan urban contexts with some of the highest stunting prevalence globally: Bangui, Central African Republic (~ 36%) and Antananarivo, Madagascar (42%).MethodsWe performed a case–control study on 175 + 194 stunted and 237 + 230 non-stunted control children aged 2–5 years and matched for age, gender and district of residency. Factors associated with stunting were identified using a standardized, paper questionnaire delivered by trained interviewers. Statistical analysis was done using logistic regression modelling.ResultsIn both sites, formal maternal education lowered the risk of being stunted and restricted access to soap, suffering of anaemia and low birth weight were associated with higher risk of stunting. Short maternal stature, household head different from parents, diarrhoea and coughing were associated with an increased risk and continuing breastfeeding was associated with a lower risk of stunting in Antananarivo. Previous severe undernutrition and dermatitis/ fungal skin infections were associated with higher and changes in diet during pregnancy with lower risk of stunting in Bangui.ConclusionsOur results suggest maternal education, antenatal care, iron supplementation and simple WASH interventions such as using soap and infection control as general and breastfeeding (Antananarivo) or better nutrition (Bangui) as area-specified interventions.
Smartphone-based food recognition system using multiple deep CNN models
Authors: Fakhrou Abdulnaser , Kunhoth Jayakanth , Al Maadeed Somaya 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPeople with blindness or low vision utilize mobile assistive tools for various applications such as object recognition, text recognition, etc. Most of the available applications are focused on recognizing generic objects. And they have not addressed the recognition of food dishes and fruit varieties. In this paper, we propose a smartphone-based system for recognizing the food dishes as well as fruits for children with visual impairments. The Smartphone application utilizes a trained deep CNN model for recognizing the food item from the real-time images. Furthermore, we develop a new deep convolutional neural network (CNN) model for food recognition using the fusion of two CNN architectures. The new deep CNN model is developed using the ensemble learning approach. The deep CNN food recognition model is trained on a customized food recognition dataset.The customized food recognition dataset consists of 29 varieties of food dishes and fruits. Moreover, we analyze the performance of multiple state of art deep CNN models for food recognition using the transfer learning approach. The ensemble model performed better than state of art CNN models and achieved a food recognition accuracy of 95.55 % in the customized food dataset. In addition to that, the proposed deep CNN model is evaluated in two publicly available food datasets to display its efficacy for food recognition tasks.
Gone and forgotten: facilitative effects of intercropping combinations did not carry over to affect barley performance in a follow-up crop rotation
Authors: Kumar Amit , Rosinger Christoph , Chen Hao , Protic Siobhan , Bonkowski Michael , Temperton Vicky M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aim
Intercropping often leads to improved productivity of individual species compared to monocultures. We have practically little knowledge of facilitation effects in different intercropping systems and their importance in creating soil legacies that can indirectly affect the succeeding crop in a crop rotation through plant-soil feedback (PSF) effects.

Methods
To test this, we used a two-phased field experiment where we combined intercropping and crop rotation. During intercropping, we grew maize, faba bean, and lupine in monocultures or two-species crop combinations. The following season, we grew winter barley on the soil previously used for intercropping to test PSF effects under field conditions.

Results
We found evidence for facilitative effects on aboveground biomass production that were species-specific with faba bean and maize biomass benefitting when intercropped compared to their expected biomasses in monocultures. Lupine, in contrast, performed best in monocultures. After the intercropping phase, total soil mineral nitrogen was higher in legume monocultures creating soil legacies but this did not affect soil microbial parameters and barley biomass production in the follow-up rotation phase.

Conclusions
We found support for species-specific positive and negative interactions in intercropping. Our results also demonstrated that soil legacies play no significant role under moderately high nutrient environments.
Fueling the Populist Divide: Nativist and Cosmopolitan Preferences for Representation at the Elite and Mass Level
Authors: Campbell Rosie , Heath Oliver 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlthough populist leaders often employ an anti-elite discourse which presents the elite as unable or unwilling to represent ordinary citizens, we know very little about who elites actually think should be represented, or how this differs, if at, all from what ordinary citizens want. In this article we find that there is a considerable difference between the groups that voters want to see represented in parliament and those which political elites want to see represented. In particular, we find that political elites tend to hold far more ‘cosmopolitan’ preferences than ordinary voters, and prioritize the representation of greater diversity in parliament based on the groups politicised by the new social movements and identity politics of the 60s and 70s, such as women, ethnic minorities, LGBT and the disabled. By contrast, voters more often hold nativist preferences than political elites and more often prioritize the representation of groups such as the working class, and white local people. Moreover, British voters who hold nativist preferences of political representation are more likely to be politically alienated and more likely to support Brexit.
Understanding Frege’s notion of presupposition
Authors: Sander Thorsten 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhy did Frege offer only proper names as examples of presupposition triggers? Some scholars claim that Frege simply did not care about the full range of presuppositional phenomena. This paper argues, in contrast, that he had good reasons for employing an extremely narrow notion of ‘Voraussetzung’. On Frege’s view, many devices that are now construed as presupposition triggers either express several thoughts at once or merely ‘illuminate’ a thought in a particular way. Fregean presuppositions, in contrast, are essentially tied to names.
Metastable attunement and real-life skilled behavior
Authors: Bruineberg Jelle , Seifert Ludovic , Rietveld Erik , Kiverstein Julian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn everyday situations, and particularly in some sport and working contexts, humans face an inherently unpredictable and uncertain environment. All sorts of unpredictable and unexpected things happen but typically people are able to skillfully adapt. In this paper, we address two key questions in cognitive science. First, how is an agent able to bring its previously learned skill to bear on a novel situation? Second, how can an agent be both sensitive to the particularity of a given situation, while remaining flexibly poised for many other possibilities for action? We will argue that both the sensitivity to novel situations and the sensitivity to a multiplicity of action possibilities are enabled by the property of skilled agency that we will callmetastable attunement. We characterize a skilled agent’s flexible interactions with a dynamically changing environment in terms of metastable dynamics in agent-environment systems. What we find in metastability is the realization of two competing tendencies: the tendency of the agent to express their intrinsic dynamics and the tendency to search for new possibilities. Metastably attuned agents are ready to engage with a multiplicity of affordances, allowing for a balance between stability and flexibility. On the one hand, agents are able to exploit affordances they are attuned to, while at the same time being ready to flexibly explore for other affordances. Metastable attunement allows agents to smoothly transition between these possible configurations so as to adapt their behaviour to what the particular situation requires. We go on to describe the role metastability plays in learning of new skills, and in skilful behaviour more generally. Finally, drawing upon work in art, architecture and sports science, we develop a number of perspectives on how to investigate metastable attunement in real life situations.
A reliable authentication scheme of personal health records in cloud computing
Authors: Liu Chia-Hui , Chen Tzer-Long , Chang Chien-Yun , Wu Zhen-Yu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA patient-centered personal health records system has been actively promoted in recent years. Its purpose is to maintain long-term personal records and health improvement plans. It combines a cloud computing environment to build a personal health records system to quickly collect personal information and transfer it to the back end for storage for future access. However, in a cloud environment, the message transmission process is more open. Therefore, a lack of an authority security mechanism for the users of such an architecture will result in distrust and doubt by the users. This adversely affects the implementation and quality of long-term health plans. To protect the crucial privacy of the users from malicious attacks or theft, it is necessary to ensure that the users have different authority to access their personal health records under the cloud computing environment and manage the openness of their authority to other users. A secured identify authentication mechanism can ensure that only legitimate users can log in to the system and obtain system service resources through verification. For a personal health records system in the cloud computing environment, this study proposes a secure and reliable user authentication mechanism allowing relevant users access to the user’s PHR in the cloud based on their authority. The proposed authentication method uses a password combined with a smart card, allowing the owner and authorized users to log in to the system and access the relevant personal records. In this study, an authentication method based on bilinear pairing was used to verify the identity of users and to effectively prevent malicious intrusion and theft.
Total mercury and methylmercury (MeHg) in braised and crude Boletus edulis carpophores during various developmental stages
Authors: Falandysz Jerzy , Saba Martyna , Rutkowska Małgorzata , Konieczka Piotr 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe collected and processedBoletus edulis(King Bolete) carpophores grouped in four batches based on their developmental stage (button stage, young—white, large—white, and large—yellow). The study aimed, for the first time, to examine theB. eduliscontent and effect of braising and to estimate the intake of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) from a single meal based on whole (wet) weight (ww) and dry weight (dw). In braised carpophores, THg concentrations ranged from 0.2668 ± 0.0090 to 0.5434 ± 0.0071 mg kg−1ww at different developmental stages, whereas crude products concentrations ranged from 0.1880 ± 0.0247 to 0.2929 ± 0.0030 mg kg−1ww. The button stage crude carpophores were more highly contaminated with THg than at later stages of maturity, but MeHg levels were lower (p< 0.0001). On the other hand, braised button stage carpophores showed more MeHg than at later maturity stages. MeHg contributed at 1.9 ± 0.7% in THg in crude mushrooms and at 1.4 ± 0.3% in braised meals. The effect of braising was to increase the average THg and MeHg contents in fresh mushroom meals by 52 ± 31% and 53 ± 122% respectively, but a reduction of 40 ±14% and 40 ± 49% respectively was seen on a dw basis. The potential intakes of THg and MeHg from braised meals ofB. edulisstudied were small and considered safe.Graphical abstract
Bridging Capillary-Driven Fragmentation and Grain Transport with Mixed Columnar-Equiaxed Solidification
Authors: Rodrigues Christian M. G. , Wu Menghuai , Zhang Haijie , Ludwig Andreas , Kharicha Abdellah 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this study, a first attempt is made to bridge capillary-driven fragmentation and grain transport using a mixed columnar-equiaxed solidification model. Grain transport is an intrinsic feature of the employed solidification model which has been extensively investigated over the years. Regarding the capillary-driven fragmentation event, a new correlation between the number of fragments and interfacial area density of the columnar structure was recently established by Cool and Voorhees (2017) based on experimental research under isothermal conditions. Here, we propose to modify Cool and Voorhees’ equation to extend its range of applicability to the solidification-dominant stage without destroying the agreement with the reported measurements in the coarsening-dominant stage. With this improvement in the mixed columnar-equiaxed solidification model, capillary effects can be isolated from the motion of the phases during fragmentation events, which facilitates understanding of the results. Under pure diffusive solidification conditions (no flow or crystal sedimentation), the simulation results were validated against phase-field simulations. In more realistic scenarios where liquid flow and fragment sedimentation are both considered, the simulations indicate very reasonable results for the detection of columnar-to-equiaxed transition, which suggests that the newly proposed model can be an important tool for industrial casting applications. Moreover, flow direction and intensity were shown to affect the potential for local fragmentation.

Graphic Abstract