bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of mutual protection between human osteoclasts and chondrocytes in damaged joints initiates osteoclast-mediated cartilage degradation by MMPs
Authors: Larrouture Quitterie C. , Cribbs Adam P. , Rao Srinivasa R. , Philpott Martin , Snelling Sarah J. , Knowles Helen J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOsteoclasts are multinucleated, bone-resorbing cells. However, they also digest cartilage during skeletal maintenance, development and in degradative conditions including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and primary bone sarcoma. This study explores the mechanisms behind the osteoclast–cartilage interaction. Human osteoclasts differentiated on acellular human cartilage expressed osteoclast marker genes (e.g. CTSK, MMP9) and proteins (TRAP, VNR), visibly damaged the cartilage surface and released glycosaminoglycan in a contact-dependent manner. Direct co-culture with chondrocytes during differentiation increased large osteoclast formation (p < 0.0001) except when co-cultured on dentine, when osteoclast formation was inhibited (p = 0.0002). Osteoclasts cultured on dentine inhibited basal cartilage degradation (p = 0.012). RNA-seq identified MMP8 overexpression in osteoclasts differentiated on cartilage versus dentine (8.89-fold, p = 0.0133), while MMP9 was the most highly expressed MMP. Both MMP8 and MMP9 were produced by osteoclasts in osteosarcoma tissue. This study suggests that bone-resident osteoclasts and chondrocytes exert mutually protective effects on their ‘native’ tissue. However, when osteoclasts contact non-native cartilage they cause degradation via MMPs. Understanding the role of osteoclasts in cartilage maintenance and degradation might identify new therapeutic approaches for pathologies characterized by cartilage degeneration.
Phosphorus for Sustainable Development Goal target of doubling smallholder productivity
Authors: Langhans C. , Beusen A. H. W. , Mogollón J. M. , Bouwman A. F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPhosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for life. In many tropical countries, P-fixing soils and very low historical P input limit uptake of P in crops and thus yields. This presents a serious obstacle for achieving the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 2.3 of doubling productivity in smallholder farms. We calculated the geographic distribution of P limitation (1 – actual/potential P uptake) and the P input required to achieve this SDG target by 2030 in comparison to the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP2) scenario for five world regions where smallholder farms dominate. To achieve target 2.3, these regions require 39% more P application (126 Tg) between 2015 and 2030. While P limitation is most widespread in sub-Saharan Africa, it is the only region on track to achieving the doubling of productivity in the SSP2 scenario (increase by a factor of 1.8). Achieving the target requires a strong increase in P input, while protecting soils and waterways from excessive P runoff.
KMT-2018-BLG-1988Lb: Microlensing super-Earth orbiting a low-mass disk dwarf
Authors: Han Cheongho , Gould Andrew , Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Kil Jung Youn , Kim Doeon , Lee Chung-Uk , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yee Jennifer C. , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. , Kim Chun-Hwey 
Published: November 2021

Aims. We reexamine high-magnification microlensing events in the previous data collected by the KMTNet survey with the aim of finding planetary signals that were not noticed before. In this work, we report the planetary system KMT-2018-BLG-1988L, which was found from this investigation.
Methods. The planetary signal appears as a deviation with ≲0.2 mag from a single-lens light curve and lasted for about 6 h. The deviation exhibits a pattern of a dip surrounded by weak bumps on both sides of the dip. The analysis of the lensing light curve indicates that the signal is produced by a low-mass-ratio (q ~ 4 × 10−5) planetary companion located near the Einstein ring of the host star.
Results. The mass of the planet, Mplanet = 6.8−3.5+4.7 M⊕ and 5.6−2.8+3.8 M⊕ for the two possible solutions, estimated from the Bayesian analysis indicates that the planet is in the regime of a super-Earth. The host of the planet is a disk star with a mass of Mhost = 0.47−0.25+0.33 M⊙ and a distance of DL = 4.2−.14+1.8 kpc. KMT-2018-BLG-1988Lb is the 18th known microlensing planet with a mass below the upper limit of a super-Earth. The fact that 15 out of the 18 known microlensing planets with masses ≲10 M⊕ were detected in the 5 yr following the full operation of the KMTNet survey indicates that the KMTNet database is an important reservoir of very low-mass planets.
Moderate or Severe Functional MR and Severe AS: Is Mitral Valve Surgery Justified?
Authors: Pingpoh Clarence , Donfack Duchelle , Berger Tim , Kreibich Maximillian , Beyersdorf Friedhelm , Puiu Paul , Schroefel Holger , Hochholzer Willibald , Czerny Martin , Siepe Matthias 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective Mitral regurgitation (MR) and severe aortic valve stenosis often coexist. Concomitant replacement of both valves is associated with a significantly higher morbidity and mortality. This study sought to investigate the progression of MR after isolated aortic valve replacement.
Methods We analyzed the severity and progression of MR, survival and echocardiographic parameters in 506 patients with severe aortic valve stenosis and moderate to severe functional MR who received isolated aortic valve replacement during a 9-year period.
Results Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was performed in 381 patients and 125 patients received surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). The median age of the cohort was 82 years. Median ejection fraction before and after TAVI or SAVR was 35 and 36% respectively (p = 0.64). There was a statistically significant reduction in the MR (p < 0.001) within both groups. Survival in both groups at 5 years was at 25%.
Conclusion Isolated aortic valve replacement in patients with accompanying moderate to severe functional MR may present an adequate treatment option for this high-risk patient collective.
Obstetric Inpatient and Ultrasound Clinical Personnel Absences during the COVID-19 Pandemic in New York City
Authors: Spiegelman Jessica , Bertozzi-Villa Clara , D'Alton Mary E. , Aubey Janice J. , Fuchs Karin , Goffman Dena , Gyamfi-Bannerman Cynthia , Miller Russell , Robinson Kenya E. , Sheen Jean-Ju , Simpson Lynn L. , Valderrama Natali E. , Wen Timothy , Zork Noelia , Friedman Alexander M. 
Published: November 2021

Objective To review obstetric personnel absences at a hospital during the initial peak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection risk in New York City from March 25 to April 21, 2020.
Study Design This retrospective study evaluated absences at Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital. Clinical absences for (1) Columbia University ultrasonographers, (2) inpatient nurses, (3) labor and delivery operating room (OR) technicians, (4) inpatient obstetric nurse assistants, and (5) attending physicians providing inpatient obstetric services were analyzed. Causes of absences were analyzed and classified as illness, vacation and holidays, leave, and other causes. Categorical variables were compared with the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test.
Results For nurses, absences accounted for 1,052 nursing workdays in 2020 (17.2% of all workdays) compared with 670 (11.1%) workdays in 2019 (p < 0.01). Significant differentials in days absent in 2020 compared with 2019 were present for (1) postpartum nurses (21.9% compared with 12.9%, p < 0.01), (2) labor and delivery nurses (14.8% compared with 10.6%, p < 0.01), and (3) antepartum nurses (10.2% compared with 7.4%, p = 0.03). Evaluating nursing assistants, 24.3% of workdays were missed in 2020 compared with 17.4% in 2019 (p < 0.01). For ultrasonographers, there were 146 absences (25.2% of workdays) in 2020 compared with 96 absences (16.0% of workdays) in 2019 (p < 0.01). The proportion of workdays missed by OR technicians was 22.6% in 2020 and 18.3% in 2019 (p = 0.25). Evaluating attending physician absences, a total of 78 workdays were missed due to documented COVID-19 infection. Evaluating the causes of absences, illness increased significantly between 2019 and 2020 for nursing assistants (42.6 vs. 57.4%, p = 0.02), OR technicians (17.1 vs. 55.9%, p < 0.01), and nurses (15.5 vs. 33.7%, p < 0.01).
Conclusion COVID-19 outbreak surge planning represents a major operational issue for medical specialties such as critical care due to increased clinical volume. Findings from this analysis suggest it is prudent to devise backup staffing plans.
Key Points
Electrical properties of low-temperature SiO2 thin films prepared by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition with different plasma times
Authors: Kim Taehyeon , Oh Changyong , Park So Hee , Lee Joo Won , Lee Sang Ik , Kim Bo Sung 
Published: November 2021

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) thin films were prepared by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) at a low temperature of 150 °C using di-isopropylaminosilane and oxygen with different plasma times. While SiO2 films deposited with a short plasma time of 0.5 s exhibited high leakage current, SiO2 films deposited with a plasma time of 7 s at 150 °C showed excellent dielectric properties, including a low current density of 4.8 × 10−9 A/cm2 at 1 MV/cm and a high breakdown field of 10.5 MV/cm, comparable to those of PEALD-SiO2 films deposited at 350 °C. As the plasma time increased from 0.5 to 7 s, the dielectric constant of SiO2 films decreased from 7.5 to 4.0, which was close to the value of stoichiometric SiO2. Appropriate conduction mechanisms of these SiO2 films with differing electrical characteristics by plasma time were examined. Analyses by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed that the quality of SiO2 films largely depended on the amount of defects such as hydroxyl and hydrogen-related species generated by low-temperature deposition.
Near-field hyper-spectral imaging of resonant Mie modes in a dielectric island
Authors: Granchi Nicoletta , Montanari Michele , Ristori Andrea , Khoury Mario , Bouabdellaoui Mohammed , Barri Chiara , Fagiani Luca , Gurioli Massimo , Bollani Monica , Abbarchi Marco , Intonti Francesca 
Published: November 2021

All-dielectric sub-micrometric particles have been successfully exploited for light management in a plethora of applications at visible and near-infrared frequencies. However, the investigation of the intricacies of the Mie resonances at the sub-wavelength scale has been hampered by the limitations of conventional near-field methods. In this paper, we address the spatial and spectral mapping of multipolar modes of a Si island by hyper-spectral imaging. The simultaneous detection of several resonant modes allows us to clarify the role of the substrate and the incidence angle of the impinging light, highlighting spectral splitting of the quadrupolar mode and resulting in different spatial features of the field intensity. We explore theoretically and experimentally such spatial features. Details as small as 200 nm can be detected and agree with simulations based on the finite difference time domain method. Our results are relevant to near-field imaging of dielectric structures, the comprehension of the resonant features of sub-micrometric Mie antennas, beam steering, and the resonant coupling with light emitters. Our analysis suggests a novel approach to control the absorption of a single emitter in the framework of surface enhanced absorption or stimulated emission applications.
Turn-taking in dialogue interpreting
Authors: Tiselius Elisabet , Dimitrova Birgitta Englund 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study addresses cognitive aspects of turn-taking and the role of experience in dialogue interpreting, by
investigating the temporal and textual properties of the coupled turn (i.e. the original utterance and its
interpretation). A comparison was made using a video-recorded scripted role-play between eight interpreters, with Swedish-French
or Swedish-Spanish as working languages and with different levels of experience. Cognitively challenging long stretches of talk
were introduced in both directions of the working languages and analyzed with a multi-modal approach. We identified a number of
quantitative measures, such as the number of coupled turns and the time used. Furthermore, we qualitatively analyzed the types of
renditions. The findings suggest that the mean length of time of the coupled turn, which we label processing
span, is a measure that is not primarily related to interpreting experience but rather reflects the constraints of the
interpreter’s working memory. A further finding is that the inexperienced interpreters have a higher percentage of reduced
renditions than the experienced interpreters, and this difference is statistically significant.
Investigating post-editing effort
Authors: Stasimioti Maria , Sosoni Vilelmini , Chatzitheodorou Konstantinos 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The working environment of translators has changed significantly in recent decades, with post-editing (PE)
emerging as a new trend in the human translation workflow, particularly following the advent of neural machine translation (NMT)
and the improvement of the quality of the machine translation (MT) raw output especially at the level of fluency. In addition, the
directionality axiom is increasingly being questioned with translators working from and into their first language both in the
context of translation (Buchweitz and Alves 2006; Pavlović and Jensen 2009; Fonseca and Barbosa 2015; Hunziker Heeb 2015; Ferreira 2013, 2014; Ferreira et al. 2016; Feng 2017) and in the context of PE (Garcia 2011; Sánchez-Gijón and Torres-Hostench 2014; da Silva
et al. 2017; Toledo Báez 2018). In this study we employ product- and
process-oriented approaches to investigate directionality in PE in the English-Greek language pair. In particular, we compare the
cognitive, temporal, and technical effort expended by translators for the full PE of NMT output in L1 (Greek) with the effort
required for the full PE of NMT output in L2 (English), while we also analyze the quality of the final translation product. Our
findings reveal that PE in L2, i.e., inverse PE, is less demanding than PE in L1, i.e., direct PE, in terms of the time and
keystrokes required, and the cognitive load exerted on translators. Finally, our research shows that directionality does not imply
differences in quality.
Stress, cognitive, emotional and ergonomic demands in interpreting and translation
Authors: Gieshoff Anne Catherine , Lehr Caroline , Hunziker Heeb Andrea 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The autonomic nervous system is responsible for modulating peripheral functions in the human body and consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic branches. Its activation affects, among other things, heart rate, respiratory rate, salivation, perspiration, pupillary dilation, and blink rate. For some years now, physiological measurements have found their way into interpreting and translation studies to investigate, in particular, cognitive, emotional and ergonomic demands and stress in translating, interpreting and post-editing. We conducted a meta-review of publications from 1990 until 2020 in order to investigate the relevance of (a) the four constructs of emotional, cognitive and ergonomic demands and physiological stress and of (b) physiological data for translation and interpreting research. With our selection of search terms, we identified 369 publications investigating one of the four constructs, of which 28 use physiological data. Analysis of the 28 studies shows a tendency towards triangulating physiological with other types of data, which reflects the complexity of the investigated tasks and constructs. Moreover, there seems to be an effort to increase sample size, which is an important step towards more robust results in quantitative research in the field.
Bridging the epistemological gap
Authors: García Álvaro Marín 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDespite Cognitive Translation Studies’ (CTS) interest in didactic applications, the actual impact of research on training programs has been modest in comparison with the advances made in terms of methodology, theoretical sophistication and expansion of the object of study. It is argued that the modest impact of CTS on training originates, on the one hand, in an epistemological problem – one of mild incommensurability – and, on the other, on the difficulty of developing realistic cognitive task models. Adopting constructs and models in CTS and didactics that share an embodied, extended view on cognition may contribute to fitting empirical data and describing skill development. To that end, a sketch of a template to develop translation task models is presented for discussion.
Discourse markers in relation tonon-verbal behavior
Authors: Mlakar Izidor , Rojc Matej , Majhenič Simona , Verdonik Darinka 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe research proposed in this paper focuses on pragmatic interlinks between discourse markers and non-verbal behavior. Although non-verbal behavior is recognized to add non-redundant information and social interaction is not merely recognized as the transmission of words and sentences, the evidence regarding grammatical/linguistic interlinks between verbal and non-verbal concepts are vague and limited to restricted domains. This is even more evident when non-verbal behavior acts in the foreground but contributes to the structure and organization of the discourse. This research focuses on investigating the multimodal nature of discourse markers by observing their linguistic and paralinguistic properties in informal discourse. We perform a quantitative analysis with case studies for representative cases. The results show that discourse markers and background non-verbal behavior tend to follow a similar functionality in interaction. Therefore, by examining them together, one gains more insight into their true intent despite the high multifunctionality of both non-verbal behavior and DMs.
Predatory Journals and Meetings in Forensic Sciences: What Every Expert Needs to Know about This “Parasitic” Publishing Model
Authors: Dinis-Oliveira Ricardo Jorge 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The emergence of the Internet has transformed all areas of society. This includes the universe of scientific publications, with several publishers now exclusively focusing on the electronic format and open access model while expanding to a megajournal scope. In this context, the pandemic of predatory open access journals (POAJs) and meetings are of grave concern to the academic and research community. This new shift within academia produces a variety of new victims; namely, the authors themselves. In turn, scientific knowledge is often discredited, with the public placing less trust in science. Now more than ever, performing research with integrity and selecting a journal in which to publish requires close attention and expertise. The “predatory movement” has developed increasingly sophisticated techniques for misleading people into believing what seem to be credible professional layouts and legitimate invitations. Initiatives such as the Jeffrey Beall’s list, the Cabell’s Scholarly Analytics and Think.Check.Submit offer some guidance to uncover the “parasitic” intervention of predatory journals and meetings, but specific education in this field is sorely needed. This work aims to review the main characteristics of predatory journals and meetings and to analyze this topic in the context of forensic and legal medicine research.
Research on influence of mesh parameters modification on solution accuracy of finite element analysis
Authors: Handrik M , Majko J , Vaško M , Dorčiak F , Kopas P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper deals with the solution accuracy of the stress in the structure using the finite element analysis. In general, hexahedron elements are more accurate than tetrahedron elements and quadratic elements are more accurate than linear elements. The primary aim of the article is to perform comparison of the obtained results and calculation parameters (such as time and so on) for different types of elements and the elements size. Usage less accurate elements like linear tetrahedron under certain circumstances could lead to sufficiently accurate result of stress analysis.
Thermal specification of 3D printed injection moulds made from PA12GB
Authors: Raz K , Chval Z , Habrman M , Milsimerova A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper deals with the usage of the injection mould made from the plastic material. This technology is rapidly decreasing the time, necessary to the production of the prototype. This attribute takes nowadays a key role in the industry, especially in the automotive. Technology of using injection moulds from the plastic material (produced by additive technologies) has advantages in the decreasing of the time demands and cost reduction during the production of the prototype part. Unfortunately, plastic moulds have worse surface quality, lower lifetime of the mould (measured in number of produced parts) and more difficulties of moulding process regulation with respect to the metal moulds. This paper is focused on the injection process and it is describing the thermal distribution and specification of the comparable plastic specimen during injection into the metal and plastic mould. The results are the temperature and cycle-times comparisons. The effectivity of cooling is also compared in this work. It is obvious, that the plastic mould has worse results compared to the metal mould. However, this is clearly balanced by the speed of production and price of plastic mould. The prototype of the plastic mould was made from the material PA12GB with usage of 3D printer HP MJF4200
Design and FEM strength analysis of an innovative design of a front loader with an extension dedicated to the KUBOTA M5
Authors: Gierz Łukasz , Zwiachel Tomasz , Spadło Mikołaj , Olga Zharkevich , Kukesheva Aliya , Marx Ainash , Mataj Maciej 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Most of the front loaders are compact structures that do not allow loading at greater heights. On the Polish and foreign market, there was a need to develop a front loader design that would allow to increase the loading height. As a result, the front loader was designed a front loader with the possibility of extending the arms for the Kubota M5 agricultural tractor. The system enables unloading and loading of cubes, straw and hay bales on higher piles. Before starting the design process, the available front loader solutions were analyzed and on this basis, three concepts of design solutions were proposed. These concepts were scored on the basis of the adopted criteria and the one with the highest number of points was selected. For the selected concept, strength analytical calculations and verification calculations using the FEM method were performed. The developed loader is innovative compared to other available designs and has a good chance of implementation.