bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nomogram based on SIS predicting the survival of non-surgical thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated by IMRT
Authors: Du Xingyu , Zhu Shuchai , Dong Jing , Yan Ke , Wang Xiaobin , Shen Wenbin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Several inflammatory markers have been reported to be associated with clinical outcomes in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study was to evaluate several pre-radiotherapy serum inflammatory indicators, including the neutrophil / lymphocytes ratio (NLR), platelet / lymphocyte (PLR), systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), systemic inflammation score(SIS), and compare which one has the highest predicted survival value. Finally, combining inflammatory markers with traditional prognostic factors, a new Nomogram model was developed to predict overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for ESCC patients receiving radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed the data of 245 patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) underwent RT or CRT in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2013 to December 2015. The survival differences of these indexes were compared by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the univariate and the multivariate analyses were performed to determine these prognostic factors of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to create nomogram for OS and PFS.Results: 239 patients met the eligibility criteria. The estimated 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and PFS rates were 74.6%, 36.8%, 26.5% and 58.4%, 31.3%, 20.5%, respectively, for the whole group. The difference in survival between OS and PFS was significant when univariate analysis were applied based on these inflammation-based measures. Multivariate analysis showed that tumor length, T stage, TNM stage, chemotherapy, SIS were predictive variables for OS and PFS in the multivariate model. The nomogram model established based on multivariate models of training data set had good predictive ability, the unadjusted C-index was 0.701 (95% CI, 0.662– 0.740) and 0.695 (95% CI, 0.656 - 0.734) for OS and PFS. Conclusions: This study show that SIS, as a comprehensive indicator of inflammation and nutrition, had the strongest predictive power for evaluating prognosis. Moreover, our nomogram can accurately predict OS and PFS after treatment and may provide guidance regarding adjuvant therapy and surveillance.
Effects of Renewable Diesel Exhaust on Lung Function and Self-rated Symptoms for Healthy Volunteers in a Human Chamber Exposure Study&nbsp;
Authors: Gren Louise , Dierschke Katrin , Mattsson Fredrik , Assarsson Eva , Krais Annette M. , Kåredal Monica , Lovén Karin , Löndahl Jakob , Pagels Joakim , Strandberg Bo , Tunér Martin , Xu Yiyi , Wollmer Per , Albin Maria , Nielsen Jörn , Gudmundsson Anders , Wierzbicka Aneta 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Diesel engine exhaust causes adverse health effects. Meanwhile, the impact of renewable diesel exhaust on human health is less known. In this study, nasal patency, pulmonary function, and self-rated symptoms were assessed in 19 healthy volunteers after two separate 3-hour exposures to renewable diesel (hydrotreated vegetable oil [HVO]) exhaust, and exposure to filtered air (FA) for comparison. The HVO exposures were generated with two modern non-road vehicles (2019) having either: 1) no aftertreatment system (HVOPM+NOx), or 2) an aftertreatment system containing a diesel oxidation catalyst and a diesel particulate filter (HVONOx). The exposure concentrations complied with current EU occupational exposure limits (OELs) of NO, NO2, formaldehyde, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and future OELs of elemental carbon (EC) from 2023. Results: Exposure to HVOPM+NOx consisted of PM1 (≈90 µg m-3, 54 µg m-3 EC) and NOx (NO 3.4 ppm, NO2 0.6 ppm). The average total respiratory tract deposition of PM1 was 27 µg h-1. The deposition fraction of HVO PM1 was 40-50% higher compared to diesel exhaust PM1 from an older vehicle, due to smaller particle sizes of the HVOPM+NOx exhaust. Exposure to HVONOx consisted mainly of NOx (NO 2.0 ppm, NO2 0.7 ppm) with low level of PM1 (~1 µg m-3). Compared to filtered air, exposure to HVOPM+NOx and HVONOx caused higher incidence of self-reported symptoms (78%, 63%, respectively, vs. 28% for FA, p<0.03). Especially, exposure to HVOPM+NOx showed 40-50% higher eye and throat irritation symptoms. Compared to filtered air, a decrement in nasal patency was found for the HVONOx exposures (-18.1, 95%CI: -27.3 to -8.8 L min-1), and for the HVOPM+NOx (-7.4 (-15.6 to 0.8) L min-1). Overall, no change was indicated in the pulmonary function tests (spirometry, peak expiratory flow, forced oscillation technique), except a slight increase in FEV1/FVC after exposure to HVONOx.Conclusion: Short-term exposure to HVO exhaust below the EU OELs did not cause severe pulmonary function changes in healthy subjects. However, an increase in self-rated mild irritation symptoms, and mild decrease in nasal patency after two HVO exposures may indicate irritative effects from exposure to HVO exhaust from modern non-road vehicles below future OELs.
Evaluation of Therapeutic Results of A Series of Moroccan Patients Aged 20 To 60 Years Treated According To The Acute Myeloid Leukaemia 03 Protocol At The Paediatric Haematology Oncology Centre In Casablanca
Authors: IGALA Marielle , LAMCHAHAB Mouna , CHERKAOUI Siham , Khoubila Nisrine , OUKKACHE Bouchra , HDA Nezha , BACHIR Fatima , QACHOUH Meryem , RACHID Mohamed , MADANI Abdellah , QUESSAR Asma 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia (AML) is a malignant haemopathy characterized by infiltration and accumulation in the bone marrow by myeloblastic-type blast cells causing medullary insufficiency. At the global level, the search for improved AML treatment is a long-standing concern.PurposeTo evaluate a new protocol AML MA 2003 its therapeutic results and tolerance in de novo AML patients.MethodsIt was a prospective and descriptive unicentre study carried out from January 2003 to December 2010. It included adults of 20 to 60 years with a diagnosis of de novo AML except a promyelocytic leukemia and without treatment by hydroxyurea.ResultsA total of 962 AMLs were diagnosed, 438 met the inclusion criteria, 48.4% women and 51.6% men with a median age of 39.8 years. 36.1% received hydroxyurea in pre-induction. 96.3% patients were induced, 76 (18%) died. A total of 178 (40.6%) of the 438 evaluable patients reached the maintenance phase. The overall survival of all patients was 32.4% at 5 years. Survival without event was 17.6% for all patients.ConclusionThe results of this single-center study illustrate the difficulty of treating AML patients despite the use of drugs recognised for their effectiveness in appropriate doses.
Characteristics of Multifragmentary Patellar Fractures: Three-dimensional Computed Tomography-based Fracture Mapping Study
Authors: Cho Jae-Woo , Yang Zepa , Lim Eic Ju , Sakong Seungyeob , Choi Wonseok , Son Whee Sung , Kim Hanju , Chang An Seong , Lim Do-Young , Kim Youngwoo , Kim Beom-Soo , Oh Jong-Keon 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Limited literature is available regarding anatomic patterns of articular injuries in comminuted patellar fractures. The present study aimed to map the location and frequency of fracture lines on the coronal and sagittal planes of the articular surface in AO/OTA 34C3 fractures. The directions of the fracture lines from the CT scans of 66 multifragmentary patellar fractures were highlighted in the coronal plane of the articular surface and in the midsagittal plane. The images of all fractures were then oriented to fit and superimposed over a single template. The primary horizontal fracture lines were identified in 63 patients (95.4%) using coronal articular surface fracture mapping. The average value of the primary horizontal fracture line was located between the middle and inferior facets. The secondary horizontal fracture lines ran frequently on the inferior border of the articular facet (83.3%). The secondary vertical fracture lines created satellite fragments and were mostly located on the periphery of the bilateral facet. Sagittal fracture mapping of the primary and secondary horizontal fracture lines with the main coronal fracture line revealed a predominantly X-shaped fracture map. The presence of the free articular type of coronal split fragment was significantly related to inferior pole fractures (OR: 8.15, P = 0.01).
The Architecture of the Primary Mental Healthcare System for Older People in India – What Public Policies Tell Us
Authors: Kafczyk Tom Manuel , Haemel Kerstin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Old age mental healthcare is an issue that cuts across old age, general health, and mental healthcare policies. While strengthening the primary mental healthcare system in India is a common strategy across policy fields to improve the mental health of older persons, very little is known about the system’s planned architecture. This study explores public policy strategies for and approaches to the mental health of older persons, focusing on the primary healthcare (PHC) level and the role of the family.Methods: A document analysis of 39 key public national policy documents (2007-2019) from three thematically grouped policy fields (mental health, old age, and general health) was conducted.Results: Comprehensive community-based primary mental healthcare – focusing on vulnerable population groups including older persons – has been strengthened significantly since 2007. The promulgated approaches and strategies build on traditional community-based approaches to mental healthcare in India. They focus on (a) integrating community health workers into primary mental healthcare, (b) empowering the community to participate in healthcare planning, implementation, and monitoring, (c) supporting the family through a family-led approach to mental healthcare, and (d) integrating traditional Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Sowa-Rigpa and Homeopathy (AYUSH) services into primary mental healthcare.Conclusions: While all policy fields address mental PHC, they do so in different ways, and approaches and strategies that promote an integrated perspective across policy fields are lacking. Further research should evaluate strategies and approaches in light of social developments such as eroding family norms and the poor state of the public health system in India in order to assess their opportunities, challenges, and overall feasibility, with the benefits older people would experience taking center stage in these inquiries.
Copolymerization And Solvothermal Synthesis of S-Scheme Cds/g-C3N4 to Improve the Photocatalytic Degradation Activity of Rhb Under UV-Visible Light
Authors: Darkwah Williams Kweku , Teye Godfred Kwesi , Ki Li , Jingyu Huang , Yi Li 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The synthesis of photocatalysts with high charge separation and transfer efficiency are of immense significance in the process of using photocatalysis technology for wastewater treatment. In this study CdS/g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst presented an improved morphology in its characterization using techniques such as SEM, DRS, PL, MS, EIS, and XRD, and enhanced photodegradation of oxcarbazepine. Different composites were obtained as confirmed by the various characterization techniques studied, including CdS/g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst. The synthesized photocatalysts showed high visible light absorption efficiency within a range of ~655 to 420 nm. S-Scheme CdS/g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst demonstrated high photocatalytic activity ascribed to high load separation and transition as shown in PL, Photocurrent reaction and EIS. It is understandable that CdS/g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst have confirmed to be one of the ultimate promising entrants for groundbreaking photocatalyst scheming.
Discovering critical proteins in the learning process in a Down Syndrome model of mouse through machine learning
Authors: Polisi Xhoena , Topal Ali Osman , Uka Arban 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Caused by an extra copy of the human chromosome21 (Hsa21), Down syndrome produces an intellectual disability that is still unknown and requires further research in order to have a better perception. One research conducted in this area of study has analysed different protein levels of the Ts65Dn mouse model of DS. Many researchers are trying to find the critical proteins that categorize the mice classes accurately by using machine learning. In this study, we expand the problem by trying to find the critical proteins that affect different types of learning. The protein subsets are found using forward feature selection method, ReliefF respectively and four different supervised learning algorithms are used. The experimental results are compared with previous related work, and demonstrated that the proposed method outperforms, or is comparable to, its competitors in term of accuracy. Then, a thorough analysis is done to identify the critical proteins for each learning case, by lowering the number to 9 critical proteins that can help in a better categorization of the mice. We hope that our work withhelp the scientists on their further research on finding a treatment that may help the learning process and ease the intellectual disability caused by Down Syndrome.
Lesion Activity Assessment of Early Caries Using Dye-enhanced Quantitative Light- Induced Fluorescence
Authors: Park Seok-Woo , Kang Si-Mook , Lee Hyung-Suk , Kim Sang-Kyeom , Lee Eun-Song , Kim Bo-Ra , Jong Elbert de Josselin de , Kim Baek-Il 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We aimed to determine whether dye-ehanced quantitative light-induced fluorescence (DEQLF), wherein the porous structure of carious lesions is filled in with a fluorescent dye, can be used to quantitatively and intuitively distinguish between active and inactive carious lesions. To simulate active and inactive caries, lesions were artificially formed on 126 bovine specimens. They were demineralized with 1% carbopol solution for 3 (A3), 5 (A5), and 10 days (A10). Half the specimens in each group were remineralized with 2% NaF (I3, I5, and I10). The specimens were dehydrated for 10 s and dyed with 100-µM sodium fluorescein for 10 s. Images were captured with a QLF-digital 2+ Biluminator. Fluorescence intensity of the lesions (ΔG) between the groups and absolute changes in ΔG (|ΔΔG|) between dehydration and dye penetration were compared using the independent t-test. ΔG in A3, A5, and A10 were higher than those in I3, I5, and I10 (P<0.001). In |ΔΔG| comparisons, dye penetration was 3.1-3.7 times higher than dehydration in the active group (P<0.001), and was 1.7-2.2 times lower than dehydration in I3 and I5 (P<0.05), with no significant difference in I10. DEQLF may be used to clinically evaluate early caries activity, and longitudnally monitor changes in lesion activity.
Improving the Surface Quality Through a Laser Scan and Machining Strategy Combining Powder Bed Fusion and Machining Processes
Authors: Furumoto Tatsuaki , Abe Satoshi , Yamaguchi Mitsugu , Hosokawa Akira 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper focuses on the unconventional laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technique in which the LPBF and machining processes were executed alternately to fabricate higher quality parts compared to those obtained using subtractive machining processes. The additional machining process changed the stress distribution inside the built part, resulting in the deformation of the surface morphology in the final part. The phenomenon pertaining to the combined LPBF and machining process based fabrication was investigated, and the influence of the process parameters on the formation of the surplus part and deformation of the machined surface was evaluated. In addition, a laser scan and machining strategy was formulated to improve the surface quality of the built part. The surplus buildup at the edge of the fabricated part occurred owing to the difference in the thermal properties between the solidified part and deposited metal powder. The laser-irradiated position at the first layer buildup and energy density were the principal factors affecting the formation of the surplus part, and the surplus buildup could be reduced using the laser scan strategy, in which the laser-irradiated position was shifted inward. The peripheral face of the built part formed periodical steps, owing to the deformation induced by the change in the thermal distribution inside the built part. These steps could be reduced using the machining strategy combining the rough machining process with a finishing allowance and stepwise finishing process.
The high-frequency limit of spectroscopy
Authors: Nazarov Vladimir U. , Baer Roi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We consider a quantum-mechanical system, initially in its ground-state, exposed to a time-dependent potential pulse, with a slowly varying envelope and a high carrier frequency. By working out a rigorous solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation in the high-frequency limit, we show that the linear response is completely suppressed after the switch-off of the pulse. We show, at the same time, that to the lowest order in the inverse frequency, observables are given in terms of the linear density response function, despite the problem's inherent nonlinearity. We propose a new spectroscopic technique based on these findings, which we name the Nonlinear High-Frequency Pulsed Spectroscopy (NLHFPS). An analysis of the jellium slab and jellium sphere models reveals very high surface sensitivity of NLHFPS, which produces a richer excitation spectrum than accessible within the linear regime. Combining the advantages of the extraordinary surface sensitivity, the absence of constraints by the conventional dipole selection rules, and the clarity of theoretical interpretation utilizing the linear response time-dependent density functional theory, NLHFPS emerges as a powerful characterization method in nanoscience and nanotechnology.
How Did a Change in Regulatory Guidance regarding the AstraZeneca Vaccine impact Vaccine Hesitancy? A Repeated Cross-Section Event Study from the UK
Authors: Comerford David A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
On April 7th 2021 the UK regulator recommended against delivering the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine (AZ vaccine) to those under-30 if an alternative vaccine could be offered instead. The news followed deaths arising from blood clots and a suspension of use of the AZ vaccine by various other countries. The story became headline news and online search querying vaccine safety increased. What happened to Covid-19 vaccine intentions and attitudes? I collected relevant data the day after the story hit the front page. I asked UK adults if they intended to get the vaccine and measured their attitudes towards it (after revision period: n = 502). I compare these data against two previous waves that used precisely the same methods of data collection (see Comerford et al., 2021). The first was taken before stories linking the AZ vaccine to bloodclots had been reported (baseline period: March 12th -15th ; n = 241). The second was taken after the AZ bloodclot story led EU countries to suspend use of the vaccine but before UK regulator changed guidance (before revision period: March 17th ; n = 305). The data show no change in intentions or attitudes in the sample as a whole, nor in the subgroups who we would expect to be most affected by the UK regulators’ guidance (under-30s and those aged 30–40).
PENGARUH BESARAN RUANG DAN JUMLAH MAHASISWA TERHADAP TEMPERATUR DI RUANG KELAS
Authors: Nurputra M. Irham , Mulyadi Rosady , Ishak Muhammad Taufik 
Published: April 2021

Title: Influence of Space and Number of Students on Classroom Temperature
This study aims to examine the classroom temperature in the Class Room building Faculty of Engineering at Gowa campus. And will focus on classroom temperature influenced by conditioning the dimension of space and the number of students in the Class Room building. The reasearch method used the is quantitative-descriptive. Then collecting data related with the measurement of space, the temperature measured with the instrument then presented in tabular form for later the comparisson with the data from the treated classroom. From the result of this research, concludes that the temperature in the classroom related with changes in the size classroom and the number of students in the classroom indicates that with the addition of the number of users in the classroom will increase the temperature and fewer user in different classrooms shows the decrease the classromm temperature.
PENINGKATAN RANCANGAN WAYFINDING (MENEMUKAN JALAN) UNTUK SEKOLAH PENYANDANG DISABILITAS VISUAL DI SURABAYA DAN PELUANG PENGEMBANGANNYA UNTUK BANGUNAN PUBLIK LAINNYA
Authors: Setiawan Tutus , Tanuwidjaja Gunawan , Muhaidhori Mohamad Ali 
Published: April 2021

Title: Wayfinding Design Improvement for the Blind School in Surabaya and Development Opportunities for Other Public Buildings
Yayasan Pendidikan Anak Buta (Blind Children Education Foundation or YPAB) Special Junior High School in Surabaya is a dedicated institution for teaching blind students. Unfortunately, the school is found less accessible for the blind because it was designed for the farming school with spread buildings’ footprints in the 1970s. A literature review and accessibility evaluation conclude that besides architecture improvement, a small architectural model is needed to teach the students to be able to conduct orientation and mobility. The model should be accessible to blind students, total blind and low vision, with various information such as voice, braille, contrasting colour, and tactile marking. This architecture model is designed in collaboration of YP AB teachers, Architecture Program Study, Electrical Program Study of Petra Christian University and Prototype Studio. The model is created with laser cutting and equipped with electronic circuits for the voice of wayfinding instructions for blind students. The model is found improving the blind students to practice orientation and mobility in the school. Further research pursues improving public building wayfinding for the blind persons as described in the State Library of Queensland (SLQ).
INTENSITAS PENCAHAYAAN ALAMI PADA RUANG PERTEMUAN DI GEDUNG COT, FAKULTAS TEKNIK GOWA, UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN
Authors: Wika Annajma Nurul , Jamala Nurul 
Published: April 2021

Title: Natural Light Intensity Analysis in the Meeting Room at COT Building, Gowa Engineering Faculty, Hasanuddin University
Lighting is an essential factor in supporting out activities. However, excessive brightness can also cause discomfort. This study aims to examine the intensity of natural lighting in the meeting room of the COT building, Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University. This type of research used is quantitative analysis and data collection methods directly using the lux meter measuring instrument, then presented in tabular form. The study's conclusion is that the intensity of natural lighting in the meeting room of the 1st floor, 2nd and 3rd-floor COT buildings, all exceeding 300 lux from the lighting standards. The average significant light intensity outside the building with clear sky conditions in the morning is 29950 lux; daytime is 18360 lux and afternoon is 14550 lux. The average light intensity outside the building with cloudy sky conditions in the morning is 9200 lux, daytime is 8750 lux, and afternoon is 9350 lux. The average significant light intensity outside the building with cloudy sky conditions in the morning is 3250 lux, daytime is 6610 lux, and the afternoon is 5425 lux. The magnitude of the natural light intensity outside the building with any sky conditions significantly affects the natural lighting in the building. The higher the intensity of the sun light outside the building, the higher the illumination that comes to the building.