bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Safety and Efficacy of Day-care Surgery in Children in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India
Authors: Kumar Ravikesh , Choudhury Subhasis Roy , Yadav Pratap Singh , Kundal Raksha , Gupta Amit , Hayaran Nitin , Chadha Rajiv 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Advances in surgery and anesthesia have paved the way for the establishment of day-care surgery (DCS). Observations that children achieve better convalescence in the home environment along with significant economic advantages have led to this paradigm shift in clinical practice.

Aims and Objectives:
This study is aimed to evaluate the feasibility of performing various surgical procedures on day-care basis and assess parental satisfaction with DCS in children.

Materials and Methods:
In this prospective observational study, all children >3 months of age undergoing various elective surgical procedures as day-care cases in our institution were enrolled. Types of operations, complications, including any unplanned admissions and parental satisfaction, were recorded.

Results:
Between December 2015 and December 2018, a total of 654 day-care surgeries were performed in our institution by pediatric surgeons. The mean age was 5.5 years with M: F 5.5:1. Thirty different surgical procedures were successfully performed as DCS, the common procedures being inguinal herniotomy (31.5%), and orchidopexy (14.3%). Unplanned admissions were recorded in 2.29% (15/654) patients (scrotal edema-5, postoperative pain-8, and a long recovery from anesthesia-2). No major complications occurred; two minor complications during follow-up were superficial wound infection and drug reaction. Overall parental satisfaction was very high (100%)-preoperative prolonged fasting period and long waiting time in the preoperative room of afternoon shift patients (7.95% and 8.3%) were the reasons for their discontent.

Conclusions:
DCS in children is safe and effective with high parental satisfaction. It can substantially reduce the waiting list for several surgical procedures in children.
Congenital Pouch Colon
Authors: Duci Miriam , Fascetti-Leon Francesco , Pergola Enrico La , Midrio Paola , Gamba Piergiorgio 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Congenital pouch colon (CPC) is a rare variant of anorectal malformations (ARM) with its highest reported incidence in India. We aimed to describe five patients affected by CPC, in which the tissue from the terminal dilated colon has been successfully used and to discuss our results on the light of an extended revision of the literature.

Materials and Methods:
The clinical details of five cases treated for CPC in two Italian Centers were retrospectively reviewed assessing the fate of the terminal dilated colon.

Results:
In all cases, the tissue from dilated colon has been used. The double vascular system of the dilated pouch allowed increasing bladder capacity (case 4), reconstruction of the vagina (case 3, 5), and lengthening of the colon (case 1, 2, 5).In our series, 3/5 have a good bowel control with daily bowel management after ARM correction. In literature, there are not differences in terms of dependence from bowel management in patients with pouch resected and in patients with pouch saved (P = 0.16).

Conclusions:
We acknowledge that the analysis of the available literature is limited by the absence of studies with high level of evidence and the removal or the preservation of the abnormal colon tissue seems to follow the surgeon preferences.
Isolated Fetal Ascites
Authors: Sablok Aanchal , Sharma Akshatha , Gupta Rachna , Thakur Seema , Kaul Anita 
Published: May 2021

Introduction:
Isolated fetal ascites is an uncommon finding, and it may be difficult to elucidate the underlying pathology. This is more so when there are limited resources to investigate the patient adequately. This study was undertaken to see the etiology of isolated fetal ascites and analyze the outcomes.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-three cases of isolated fetal ascites were retrospectively analyzed from December 2007 to June 2018. All cases were investigated with detailed ultrasound with other investigations as required. Postnatal data included gestational age at birth, mode of delivery, weight, and postnatal outcome.

Results:
The mean age at diagnosis was 26 gestational weeks. Structural abnormalities without any underlying chromosomal or genetic cause were identified in 10/23 (43.4%) cases with the most common structural abnormality related to the gastrointestinal tract where ultrasound proved to the most useful tool. The overall good prognosis was seen in 13/23 (56.5%) cases.

Conclusion:
Appropriate perinatal care, timely referral and delivery at tertiary care setup, and timely surgical intervention are measures which can improve the outcome and survival in fetuses diagnosed with isolated fetal ascites.
Isolated Penile Injury in Boys
Authors: Pant Nitin , Singh Sudhir , Pandey Anand , Wakhlu Ashish 
Published: May 2021

Aim:
The aim of the study was to highlight the etiology, spectrum of presentation, and management of isolated penile trauma in boys.

Methods:
A retrospective review of boys treated for isolated penile trauma between January 2015 and June 2019 at a tertiary-level hospital.

Results:
Nine children were admitted over 4½ years. Etiology: The mechanism of penile injury (PI) was penile hair tourniquet (n = 5), postcircumcision (n = 2), dog bite (n = 1), and scald injury (n = 1). Extent of injury includes complete urethral transection at corona (n = 4); loss of urethral plate in a case of hypospadias (n = 1); complete loss of glans (n = 1); penile transection at corona (n = 1); total penile amputation (n = 1); and deep partial-thickness burns of penile shaft and adjacent suprapubic skin (n = 1). Management: One patient absconded. The remaining patients were managed as follows: calibration of urethral meatus (n = 1); penile burn was managed with dressing and antibiotics; coring of glans with urethral end–end anastomoses (n = 4); Bettocchi's quadrangular lower abdominal flap phalloplasty (n = 1); and Bracka's staged urethroplasty (n = 1). Complications include wound infection following trauma (n = 4), postsurgical infection (n = 3), urethrocutaneous fistula (n = 2), and reapplication of penile hair tourniquet (n = 1).

Conclusion:
Isolated PI in boys is not uncommon. Most are preventable if the parents are apprized and watchful. The clinician should also be vigilant regarding child maltreatment. A staged approach tailored to the type of injury provides a satisfactory outcome.
THE FOUR-FACTOR MODEL AND STOCK RETURNS IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Khan Muhammad Saifuddin , Fahim Md. Miad Uddin 
Published: May 2021

For determining the expected return, and asset pricing, CAPM (Capital asset pricing model) is being used dominantly grounded on only the market (systematic) risk-factor though several anomalies have been revealed in this model. Fama and French (1993) have addressed those anomalies and developed the Three-factor model by combining size and value factors besides market factors. Over time, Carhart (1997) has further developed a model addressing momentum factor besides the three factors of Fama and French (1993) which is known as the Carhart four-factor model. Though several kinds of research have been conducted on the CAPM and three-factor model, little works have been accompanied by the Carhart four-factor model in an evolving market like Bangladesh. The goal of this work is to examine the validity of the Carhart four-factor model and examine the loftier explanatory power in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE). From the regression analysis of the Carhart model, we have found that market, size, value, and momentum explain the excess stock return. This study indicates that the Carhart model has the lowest GRS F-statistic, highest adjusted R-squared, and lowest Sharpe ratio in contrast to the CAPM and three-factor model which indicates the superior explanatory power and statistical validity of the Carhart model.
JEL Classification Codes: G12, G13, G14.
Behavioral Problems among Visually Impaired Children Studying at Special School for Blindness
Authors: Mohamed Amany A. , Abdelrahem Aml S. A. , Ahmed Sanaa M. 
Published: May 2021

Background: Visual impairment and blindness are significant ophthalmic disorders around the world. Behavioral problems in visually impaired children considered as one of the most serious health problems.
Aim: The study aimed to assess behavioral problems among visually impaired children studying at a special school for blindness and assess the association between behavioral problems scores and selected demographic variables of studied children.
Methods: The research design adopted for this study was descriptive correlational design. Sample: A purposive sample composed of one hundred and one (101) parents of children with visual impairment. Setting: The children studying at El Nour School for blindness in Minia city. Tools: The data were collected using the parents' interview questionnaire and Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 (CBCL/4-18).
Results: Withdrawn syndrome represented the highest clinical level among the studied children, followed by clinical aggressive behavior. Also, less than a fifth of them had clinical internalizing problems, and 17.8% of them had clinical externalizing problems. A highly statistically significant correlation revealed between the score of total behavior syndromes and age of studied children.
Conclusion: Visually impaired children had problems in the total social competence score and all its subscales. About one-third of them had borderline and clinical problems regarding total score of behavioral syndromes. Also, internalized and externalized problems had reported. The study recommended further intervention studies are necessary, which include parents' class about behavioral problems of visually impaired children and methods to limit its effect on children life.
GENÇ KADINLARDA PRİMER DİSMENORE İLE ANTROPOMETRİK ÖLÇÜMLER VE VÜCUT KOMPOZİSYONLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: METİN Ebru , KAHYAOĞLU SÜT Hatice 
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Çalışmada, genç kadınlarda primer dismenore ile antropometrik ölçümler ve vücut kompozisyonları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte bu araştırmanın verileri, Ocak-Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında bir Üniversite’nin Sağlık Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi Acil Servis İzlem Alanında ve aynı Üniversite’nin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi’nde toplanmıştır. Araştırma; primer dismenoresi olan (n=120) ve olmayan (n=120) 18-25 yaş arası genç kadınlar (n=240) üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri; tanıtıcı anket formu, Vizüel Analog Skala (VAS), antropometrik ölçümler ise mezura kullanılarak ve vücut kompozisyonları da vücut analiz baskülü ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmada, genç kadınlarda kalça çevresi arttıkça primer dismenore yaşanmasının arttığı ve yüzde yağ oranı arttıkça primer dismenore yaşanmasının azaldığı bulunmuştur. Kalça çevresi artışının (OR=1.09; %95 GA:1.00-1.19; p=0.043) primer dismenore artışı üzerine etkili bir risk faktörü olduğu, vücut yüzde yağ oranı artışının primer dismenore için koruyucu bir faktör olduğu belirlenmiştir (OR=0,093; %95 GA:0,87-0,99; p=0.021). VAS puan ortalamasına göre; primer dismenoresi olan genç kadınların (6,28±1,71) orta şiddette ağrı yaşadığı, primer dismenore olmayan kadınların (0,98±1.23) ağrı yaşamadığı bulunmuştur (p
HEMŞİRELERİN KANIT TEMELLİ UYGULAMALARDAN HABERDARLIK DÜZEYİ: PERİFERİK İNTRAVENÖZ KATETER UYGULAMALARI
Authors: DAYAN Ayşenur , OWUSU ANSAH Nadia , İNCE Serpil 
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma periferik venöz kateter girişimlerinde ve bakımında kanıta dayalı hemşirelik uygulamasının temellendirilmesi gerekliliğini vurgulamak ve periferik intravenöz kateter uygulamalarında kanıta dayalı gelişmelerden hemşirelerin haberdarlık düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı kesitsel tipte olan çalışma, bir üniversite hastanesinde, tabakalı örneklem yöntemiyle dahili, cerrahi ve yoğun bakım birimlerinde çalışan mevcut hemşirelerle yapılmıştır. Araştırma verileri hemşirelerin demografik özelliklerini içeren “Hemşire Tanıtım Formu” ve araştırmacılar tarafından ilgili literatürden yararlanılarak hazırlanan “Periferik İntravenöz Kateter Yerleştirilmesi ve Bakım Uygulamaları Formu” kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin %82.8’i kadın, %57.5’i bekar, % 78.8’i lisans mezunu, %17.2’ i yoğun bakımda, %57.5’i dahili kliniklerde, %25.4’ü cerrahi kliniklerde çalışmaktadır. Hemşirelerin Periferik İntravenöz Kateter Yerleştirilmesi ve Bakım Uygulamaları Formu’nda yer alan önermelere verdikleri yanıtlar incelendiğinde; “Kateter bölgesinde herhangi bir değişiklik ya da yeni bir rahatsızlık oluşması durumunda hastanın bu durumu sağlık ekibine bildirmesi için teşvik edilmelidir” önermesine en yüksek oranda (% 99.3) katıldıkları görülmüştür. “Hastanın klinik enfeksiyon belirtisi yoksa gazlı bez ve opak pansumanlar çıkarılmamalıdır” önermesine hemşirelerin %40.3’ü katılmadıklarını, %22.4’ü ise “Sadece lipidden oluşan solüsyonların infüzyonları 12 saat içinde tamamlanmalıdır” önermesine bir fikri olmadıklarını belirtmişlerdir.
Sonuç ve Önerileri: Araştırma sonucunda pansumanın değiştirilme durumları, tedavi süresine göre kateterin hastada kalma süreleri ve hastaya intravenöz yolla verilen sıvıların özelliklerine göre kateter seçimi konularına ilişkin kanıtlardan haberdar olma oranları düşük bulunmuştur.
GEOESPACIONALIZAÇÃO DOS ÍNDICES: HÍDRICO, ARIDEZ E UMIDADE E NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO IPOJUCA
Authors: Morant de Holanda Romildo , Mainar de Medeiros Raimundo , Marcelo Fallé Saboya Luciano , Vieira de França Manoel , Liana Freire Pereira Márcia , Ewen Braga Salatiel , Cartaxo Rolim Net Fernando , Rodolfo de Araújo Wagner 
Published: May 2021

Os índices: hídrico, aridez e umidade tem como finalidade a distinção climática de uma área. Objetiva-se calcular o Balanço Hídrico e analisar os seus índices: umidade, hídrico e aridez além das deficiências e excedentes hídricos do período de 1962 a 2019 para a bacia hidrografia do rio Ipojuca e seu entorno, buscando averiguar possíveis mudanças. Realizou-se o balanço hídrico seguindo a metodologia de Thornthwaite e Mather, por intermédio do programa computacional Balanço Hídrico Normal utilizando-se de planilha eletrônica. Os índices de aridez na região central da bacia são de fortes a moderados superando os valores postos para a desertificação. No índice de umidade registraram-se reduções na região da Zona da Mata e no alto rio Ipojuca. Reduções significativas em alguns municípios foram registradas nos índices de umidade. As deficiências hídricas oscilam quando reduz a capacidade d’água disponível no solo, tornando-se notório em alguns municípios, ao passo que os excedentes hídricos dependem exclusivamente dos fatores inibidores ou provocadores de chuva na área estudada.
Sport and physical activity across the lifespan: “Sports Trajectory Questionnaire”
Authors: Riera Batalla Verònica , Moragas Marta 
Published: May 2021

Activity and participation in sport have garnered a great deal of attention over the past few decades, due in part to growing awareness of the benefits they offer that lead to a better quality of life. This situation has opened up new lines of investigation in the sport sciences field, including the study of physical activity and sport participation according to the perspective of Lifespan Developmental Psychology, the approach that underlies this study. The aim of this research is (1) to design an instrument to collect information on individuals’ lifelong relationships with sport and physical activity (2) to implement the instrument through a pilot test to create profiles that can be compared with other variables, all in order to study the role that physical activity and sport participation play in a range of aspects throughout the lifespan. The results indicate the questionnaire was effective and capable of collecting data on the physical and sport activities of the members of the sample at different moments in the lifespan. It was also able to generate profiles that can be used to analyze the variables of participation in sport and/or physical activity in conjunction with other variable, thus offering a way to measure the impact of physical activity on human development.
Keywords: Sports trajectories; lifespan; physical activity questionnaire; physical activity profiles
Partial-fistulectomy and Ksharasutra application in the management of complicated fistula-Clinical images
Authors: Shah Bijendra , Dudhamal Tukaram 
Published: May 2021

Under the spinal anesthesia painting draping done and methylene dye was passed through one external opening to identify the course of track during procedure (Figure-2-3). Probing was done (Figure-4) and coring of complete fistulous tract was done up to sphincter (Figure-5-6). After partial fistulectomy the Ksharasutra was applied in reaming tract (3 to 3 o clock and 4 to 6 o clock) to preserve the sphincter (Figure-8).
Post-operative IV fluids (2 days) antibiotics and analgesic (7 days) and multivitamins (2 months) were given. Along with this sitz bath with Panchavalkal (daily), laxative (at night) and dressing with Jatyadi taila (daily once) and Ksharasutra change (weekly once) was done till complete recovery. The post operative progress was well that is wound healing was going normally and cutting of remaining tract was 0.5 cm weekly as shown in the Figures-9-13. Follow up was done after one and half year and there was no recurrence (Figure-14). Finally the case was cured completely and patient enjoying his quality of life without any complication and recurrence. Hence this clinical images showed that the integrative approach of partial fistulectomy and Ksharasutra provide early recovery without recurrence.
Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam upaya Preventif Pornografi
Authors: Indrianto Indrianto , Arifianto Yonatan Alex , Triposa Reni 
Published: May 2021

Pornography is an audio-visual product, image or writing that can design the sexual lust of someone who reads or watches it. According to the Christian view, pornography depicts sex in a sinful way, degrades human dignity, destroys marital commitments, and engenders lust and adultery. The cause of pornography addiction is due to internal and external factors. Pornography is bad for teenagers because it causes addiction, damages the brain, the desire to try and imitate, and initiates sexual acts. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, it can be concluded that the role of the teacher and Christian religious education is a teaching and learning process that is based on the Bible, centered on Christ, and depends on the power of the Holy Spirit to guide each person at all levels of faith growth. The role of the Christian Religious Education teacher is not just to provide guidance and teaching in the field of Christian Religious Education to students, but the goal that the teacher wants to achieve is to develop and foster faith, attitudes, and actions in accordance with the testimony in the Bible and applied to them. daily life of students. So that it can seek to prevent pornography in all aspects within the scope of education. Abstract Pornografi adalah sebuah produk audio-visual, gambar ataupun tulisan yang bisa merancang nafsu birahi seksual seseorang yang membaca ataupun menontonnya. Menurut pandangan Kristen pornografi menggambarkan seks dalam cara berdosa, merendahkan martabat manusia, menghancurkan komitmen perkawinan, dan menanamkan hawa nafsu dan perzinahan. Penyebab kecanduan pornografi karena ada faktor internal dan eksternal. Pornografi berdampak buruk bagi remaja karena menyebabkan kecanduan, merusak otak, keinginan untuk mencoba serta meniru, dan mulai melakukan tindakan seksual. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa peran guru dan pendidikan agama Kristen adalah proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran yang berdasarkan Alkitab, berpusat pada Kristus, dan bergantung kepada kuasa Roh Kudus yang membimbing setiap pribadi pada semua tingkat pertumbuhan iman. Peran guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen bukan sekedar memberikan bimbingan dan pengajaran dalam bidang Pendidikan Agama Kristen kepada peserta didik, namun tujuan yang hendak di capai oleh guru yaitu untuk mengembangkan dan menumbuhkan iman, sikap, serta tindakan sesuai dengan kesaksian yang ada dalam Alkitab dan di aplikasikan kedalam kehidupan peserta didik sehari-hari. Sehingga dapat mengupayakan pencegahan pornografi dalam segala aspek dalam lingkup pendidikan.
Refleksi Teologis Kitab Hosea Tentang Peran Tuhan Terhadap Kekudusan
Authors: Baskoro Paulus Kunto 
Published: May 2021

Holiness is a very serious matter before God and is not compromised at any price. Holiness is the most important part of a relationship between God and humans. However, it cannot be denied that because of sin, the quality of human holiness with God is destroyed. God cannot compromise sin. Sin severed man's relationship with God. Seeing how very important holiness is, it is necessary to seriously discuss the meaning of holiness before God. Because what is happening at this time, holiness has begun to fade with evidence of moral destruction and several principles of good life in the family, dating style, service standards and even in work, holiness is not a priority, because holiness remains the highest standard. Through descriptive qualitative method with literature study approach, it can be concluded that in order for people to believe in returning to the divine quality of life, that is, living in holiness according to God's heart. The book of Hosea becomes a reference for serious contemplation with the meaning of a holiness from the side of God's role. And the discussion of this context will focus on the theological understanding of the Book of Hosea by using the method of extracting literature and several sources of writings that strongly strengthen the theological concept. So that from exploring the theological concepts of God's role in the holiness of the Book of Hosea, we can get a reflection of life that holiness is the most important part in the standard of life forever. AbstrakKekudusan menjadi hal yang sangat serius dihadapan Tuhan dan tidak ada ditawar-tawar dengan harga apapun. Kekudusan menjadi bagian terpenting bagi sebuah hubungan antara Tuhan dengan manusia. Namun tidak bisa dipungkiri, karena dosa, maka kualitas kekudusan manusia dengan Allah menjadi hancur. Allah tidak bisa kompromi dengan dosa. Dosa membuat hubungan manusia dengan Allah menjadi terputus. Melihat betapa sangat pentingnya kekudusan, maka perlu dibahas secara serius arti sebuah kekudusan dihadapan Allah. Sebab yang terjadi saat ini, kekudusan sudah mulai luntur dengan terbuktinya kehancuran moral dan beberapa prinsip-prinsip kehidupan baik dalam keluarga, gaya pacaran, standart pelayanan bahkan dalam pekerjaan, kekudusan menjadi hal yang tidak diutamakan, sebab kekudusan tetap menjadi standart tertinggi. Melalui metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka dapat disimpulkan bahwa supaya orang percaya kembali kepada kualitas hidup ilahi, yaitu hidup dalam kekudusan sesuai dengan hati Tuhan. Kitab Hosea menjadi acuan untuk perenungan secara serius dengan arti sebuah kekudusan dari sisi peran Tuhan. Dan pembahasan konteks ini akan difokuskan kepada pemahaman teologis dari Kitab Hosea dengan menggunakan metode penggalian pustaka dan beberapa sumber penulisan-penulisan yang sangat menguatkan konsep teologisnya. Sehingga dari penggalian konsep-kosep teologis peran Tuhan dalam kekudusan dari Kitab Hosea, didapatkan refleksi kehidupan bahwa kekudusan menjadi bagian terpenting dalam standart kehidupan sampai selama-lamanya.