bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JB3, an IGF-I Receptor Antagonist, Inhibits Early Renal Growth in Diabetic and Uninephrectomized Rats
Authors: HAYLOR JOHN , HICKLING HELEN , EL ETER EMAN , MOIR ARTHUR , OLDROYD SIMON , HARDISTY COLIN , EL NAHAS A. MEGUID 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
Biochemical evidence suggests that insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) may play an important role as a mediator of kidney growth. In the present study, an IGF-I receptor antagonist (JB3) was synthesized, and its effect on the renal growth that follows the induction of diabetes or unilateral nephrectomy (UNx) was examined. JB3 was generated by solid phase peptide synthesis. Its activity as an IGF-I antagonist was confirmed in an opossum kidney cell line from its inhibitory effect on the increase in thymidine incorporation into DNA induced by recombinant human IGF-I. Male Wistar rats were anesthetized with halothane and subjected to either the induction of diabetes by streptozotocin (intravenous 60 mg/kg) for 4 d (control animals received citrate buffer) or UNx for 11 d (control animals were sham operated). JB3 was delivered by subcutaneous infusion using an osmotic minipump implanted 3 d before the induction of diabetes or UNx. Kidney wet weight, DNA, and protein all were significantly higher 4 d after the induction of diabetes (24%) or 11 d after UNx (55%). Dose-response studies (1 to 30 μg/kg per day) showed JB3 administration to inhibit the increase in kidney growth in both diabetic and UNx rats. The increase in kidney wet weight, DNA, and protein was significantly lower in UNx rats that were treated with JB3 10 μg/kg per day (P < 0.05) than in saline vehicle controls but was abolished in diabetic rats that were treated with JB3 3 μg/kg per day (P < 0.01). Increasing the dose of JB3 to 30 μg/kg per day was associated with a decrease in its inhibitory effect, resulting in bell-shaped dose-response curves. JB3 administration had no effect on the blood glucose concentration or food consumption by either diabetic or nondiabetic animals. The results support the concept of IGF-I as an important mediator of the early renal growth that follows the induction of diabetes or UNx in the rat.
Glomerular Monocyte-Macrophage Features in ANCA-Positive Renal Vasculitis and Cryoglobulinemic Nephritis
Authors: RASTALDI MARIA PIA , FERRARIO FRANCO , CRIPPA ANDOR , DELL'ANTONIO GIACOMO , CASARTELLI DONATELLA , GRILLO CARLO , D'AMICO GIUSEPPE 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
Although it is widely known that many macrophages are present in glomeruli of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-positive renal vasculitis (ANCA + RV) and are believed to contribute to necrotizing extracapillary damage, their precise role is not yet completely understood, especially in humans. The goal of this study was to provide evidence of glomerular macrophage properties in human vasculitis. Twenty-five renal biopsies of ANCA + RV and 18 cases of cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis (cryoGN), a disease characterized by massive glomerular macrophage infiltration but absence of necrotizing extracapillary lesions, were selected, and macrophage number, adhesion, acute activation, proliferation, and apoptosis were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Accumulation of macrophages in ANCA + RV was found in areas of glomerular active lesions, whereas in cryoGN, they homogeneously occupied the entire glomerular tuft. Considering the areas of accumulation, comparable macrophage numbers were detected in both diseases. Glomerular vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 was found only in ANCA + RV and only in areas of active lesions. Acute macrophage activation (HLA class II, 27E10) and proinflammatory cytokine production (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1α) were prominent in ANCA + RV, whereas in cryoGN, 30% of glomerular macrophages seemed activated and cytokine expression was limited to a few glomerular cells (P = 0.01). Moreover, only in ANCA + RV proliferative markers were shown on glomerular macrophages and apoptotic macrophages were found. From the data, it seems that ANCA + RV and cryoGN differ profoundly in macrophage properties, namely adhesion, proliferation, and apoptotic clearance. Moreover, acute activation and cytokine production seem to be present in a greater number of macrophages in ANCA + RV, giving this disease a stronger severity that could be taken into account for therapeutic strategies.
Tunneled-Cuffed Catheter Associated Infections in Hemodialysis Patients Who Are Seropositive for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: MOKRZYCKI MICHELE H. , SCHRO[Combining Diaeresis]PPEL BERND , GERSDORFF GERO VON , RUSH HEATHER , ZDUNEK MIROSLAW P. , FEINGOLD ROBERT 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
Infection rates in tunneled-cuffed catheters (TCC) are reported to be higher in immunocompromised patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate TCC-associated infection rates in patients with HIV infection (HIV+). Data were collected in 40 HIV + patients and 41 controls (C), and in 118 TCC (HIV+, 58; C, 60) for 28,146 catheter days (HIV+, 16,227; C, 11,919). There were no significant differences in the TCC bacteremia rates (HIV+, 2.23 versus C, 2.53 per 1000 TCC days, P = NS) or in the TCC exit site infection rates (HIV+, 2.20 versus C, 2.24 per 1000 TCC days, P = NS) between the groups. The number of TCC removed due to infection was also similar, (HIV+ versus C: 17 versus 15%, P = NS). In the HIV+ group, the association of hepatitis B surface antigenemia with TCC exit site infection was dependent on the history of injection drug use. Black race was a significant risk factor for higher TCC exit site infection rates, whereas prophylactic antibiotic use and high CD4 count were significantly associated with lower TCC exit site infection rates. None of the factors significantly predicted bacteremia rate in either group (HIV+ or C). In comparison to controls, HIV+ patients had a fivefold increased risk of having a Gramnegative organism (P = 0.02) and a sevenfold increased risk of a fungal isolate (P = 0.08), although the latter finding was not statistically significant. HIV infection is not a significant risk factor for TCC-associated infection but is associated with a higher prevalence of Gram-negative and fungal species.
Chronic Angiotensin II Infusion But Not Bradykinin Blockade Abolishes the Antiproteinuric Response to Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition in Established Adriamycin Nephrosis
Authors: WAPSTRA FRITS H. , NAVIS GERJAN , DE JONG PAUL E. , DE ZEEUW DICK 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
Angiotensin-convernting enzyme (ACE) inhibition reduces proteinuria in established adriamycin nephrosis. To investigate whether the reduction in proteinuria is due to decreased generation of angiotensin II (AngII) or to decreased degradation of bradykinin, four series of experiments in established adriamycin nephrosis were performed. In the first series, 2 mg/kg lisinopril reduced BP from 117 ± 4 to 67 ± 2 mmHg and proteinuria from 335 ± 66 to 57 ± 10 mg/24 h after 2 wk of treatment. Subsequent continuous intraperitoneal infusion of AngII (250 ng/kg per min) for 2 wk partially restored proteinuria to 180 ± 42 mg/24 h, whereas BP increased to 97 ± 3 mmHg. Subsequent withdrawal of AngII restored the antiproteinuric effects of lisinopril, whereas subsequent withdrawal of lisinopril restored proteinuria to pretreatment values. In the second series, AT1 receptor blockade induced a fall in BP and proteinuria similar to that by lisinopril. In the third series, lisinopril reduced BP from 121 ± 5 to 68 ± 2 mmHg and proteinuria from 355 ± 90 to 101 ± 10 mg/24 h. Subsequent intraperitoneal infusion of bradykinin antagonist (HOE 140; 1 mg/kg per 24 h) for 2 wk did not affect BP (72 ± 2 mmHg) or proteinuria (92 ± 15 mg/24 h). In the fourth series, bradykinin (3 mg/kg per 24 h) was infused for 2 wk to mimic decreased bradykinin breakdown. This did not affect proteinuria, but induced a fall in BP from 114 ± 3 to 93 ± 4 mmHg. The BP-lowering effect of exogenous bradykinin was completely reversed by 1 wk infusion of HOE 140 (93 ± 4 to 113 ± 4 mmHg), while proteinuria remained unchanged. In conclusion, the antiproteinuric effect of ACE inhibition appears to be independent of bradykinin in this model, supporting a main role for reduction of AngII in the antiproteinuric action of ACE inhibition.
SISTEMA UNA-SUS COMO FERRAMENTA DE DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO PERMANENTE EM SAÚDE
Authors: Da Silva Gasque Kellen Cristina , Magalhães de Souza Rodrigues Moreno , Feliciano Lemos Alysson , De Guimarães Araújo Daniel 
Published: April 2021

O Sistema UNA-SUS foi instituído em atenção à Política Nacional de Educação Permanente em Saúde, composta de uma rede de 34 instituições responsáveis por ofertas educacionais on-line, em resposta às demandas geradas pelo Ministério da Saúde. Objetivos: verificar o perfil dos usuários e a capilarizarão dos cursos autoinstrucionais da UNA-SUS e a possível contribuição para a democratização da educação permanente dos trabalhadores da saúde. Métodos: levantamento de dados na Plataforma Arouca e análise do software estatístico livre R 3.6. Resultados: houve mais de 2,7 milhões de matrículas em cursos autoinstrucionais da UNA-SUS e capilaridade para todas as regiões de saúde, todos os municípios brasileiros e todos os estados, sendo que a maior procura foi por cursos relacionados a importantes situações clínicas enfrentadas pelos profissionais da Atenção Básica. Houve predomínio de mulheres (80%), brancos (36%), seguidos por pardos (33%), solteiros (57%) e na faixa etária de 21 a 40 anos (70%). Enfermeiros, médicos e dentistas foram os profissionais que mais procuraram cursos da UNA-SUS. Não houve relação entre o número de matrícula em cursos autoinstrucionais ponderados pela população e o IDH do estado, porém foi estabelecida uma relação negativa entre o coeficiente de Gini e o número de matrículas nos cursos; quanto mais desigual a região, menos alunos matriculados ela possuía. Conclusão: o Sistema UNA-SUS mostrou-se efetivo em oportunizar a Educação Permanente aos trabalhadores da saúde residentes em todas as regiões geográficas do país, incluindo aqueles de áreas com poucas ofertas educacionais presenciais ou gratuitas, contribuindo para a democratização da educação no país.
How Do Statistical Parameters of Induced Seismicity Correlate with Fluid Injection? Case of Oklahoma
Authors: Aochi Hideo , Maury Julie , Le Guenan Thomas 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The seismicity evolution in Oklahoma between 2010 and 2018 is analyzed systematically using an epidemic-type aftershock sequence model. To retrieve the nonstationary seismicity component, we systematically use a moving window of 200 events, each within a radius of 20 km at grid points spaced every 0.2°. Fifty-three areas in total are selected for our analysis. The evolution of the background seismicity rate μ is successfully retrieved toward its peak at the end of 2014 and during 2015, whereas the triggering parameter K is stable, slightly decreasing when the seismicity is activated. Consequently, the ratio of μ to the observed seismicity rate is not stationary. The acceleration of μ can be fit with an exponential equation relating μ to the normalized injected volume. After the peak, the attenuation phase can be fit with an exponential equation with time since peak as the independent variable. As a result, the evolution of induced seismicity can be followed statistically after it begins. The turning points, such as activation of the seismicity and timing of the peak, are difficult to identify solely from this statistical analysis and require a subsequent mechanical interpretation.
Microbiological profile of COVID-19 patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Rani Anju , Gupta Varuna , Gandhi Kandhakumari , Dhanvijay Ashok Kumar 
Published: April 2021

Background: The pandemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has drawn worldwide worst effect with diagnostic challenge. Every investigation has its own importance for diagnosis, care, treatment and for management of corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients. Here this prospective study aimed to investigate the microbiological profile, prevalence of co-infection, and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2.Methods: A total of 336 samples were processed in COVID laboratory, Department of Microbiology. An array of serological investigations was done by rapid card screening test. C-Reactive protein (CRP) was analyzed by nephelometer. Blood culture was done by automated system and urine culture on Cystine-Lactose-Electrolyte-Deficient (CLED) Agar. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Out of 336 samples tested 76%were male and 24%were female. All samples tested were negative for HIV, HBsAg, HCV, syphilis, malarial parasite. CRP and Typhi -dot with IgM and IgG antibody were positive in 89.28% and 11.42% respectively. About 27% of COVID-19 patients showed bacterial and fungal co-infections. The most prevalent organisms were MR-CoNS (26%), K. pneumoniae (19%) and less prevalent were P. aeruginosa (6%) and A. baumannii (4%). C. albicans (11%) was the only isolated fungi. All gram positive isolates were 100% sensitive to Linezolid and vancomycin, among gram negative isolates, 100% were sensitive to colistin and polymyxin B.Conclusions: Microbiological investigation for presence of other co-infecting agents among patients with COVID-19 infection should be considered, and prompt treatment should be carried out accordingly.
Clinical profile and outcome of patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a large-scale observational study from Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: K. Senthil Raj , Suresh Adithyan Geetha , S. Selvavinayagam T. , Geetha Shruthee Suresh , K. Vinay Kumar , B. Viduthalai Virumbi , Nithyanandham Saravana Kumar , Palani Sarath 
Published: April 2021

Background: This study aims to assess the socio-demographic and clinical profile of the patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Tamil Nadu, India and to identify the associated prognostic determinants.Methods: Facility-level observational data pertaining to the case investigation of 15045 lab confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported in Tamil Nadu from March to June 2020 was used for the purpose of the study. The demographic and clinical profile of the COVID-19 confirmed cases and age-sex specific estimates of severity of illness were analysed. Determinants of prognosis were tested for statistical significance using Chi square and Student t test as appropriate.Results: The mean age was 40±7 years with a male predilection. Thirty six percent of the cases were symptomatic, with fever being the predominant symptom, followed by cough and breathlessness. The Case ICU rate and Case Fatality rate were found to be 6.2% and 2.9% respectively. Increasing age, male sex and underlying comorbid illness were found to significantly affect prognosis in these patients. However, it was observed that females experienced higher risk of severe illness and fatality in the younger age groups.Conclusions: While the observed findings reiterate the prognostic significance of age, gender and comorbidity as evidenced by other studies, the increased risk of severe illness and fatality among younger females provides a new direction for further research from a socio-epidemiological perspective.
A rare case of peripheral T cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified with cutaneous involvement and diffuse systemic metastasis
Authors: Khade Pandharinath K. , Bose Agni K. , Kharkar Vidya D. 
Published: April 2021

<p class="abstract">Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), a subdivision of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), is rare and different from the more common cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. PTCL is a diverse group of disorders and carries a poor prognosis. Peripheral T cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) is the most common and aggressive disorder out of the group, which involves the lymph nodes followed by the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal tract. We hereby report a case of a 60 years old female who presented to us with complaints of multiple painful dark-coloured nodular lesions and indurated plaques over bilateral upper limbs, lower limbs and trunk, for 3 months. After detail laboratory investigations, histopathological and immunohistochemistry which was positive for CD30 antigen we confirmed the diagnosis as PTCL-NOS. Radiological imaging showed involvement of gastrointestinal tract, adrenal gland and vertebrae. After thorough workup the patient was started on palliative radiotherapy, unfortunately she succumbed to death. In conclusion, PTCL-NOS with CD30 positivity is rare and aggressive with a poor prognosis, it is important to identify such cases and work in conjugation with an oncologist for proper management.</p>
Rola plastyczności komórkowej w procesie powstawania przerzutów nowotworowych.
Authors: Bajdak-Rusinek Karolina 
Published: April 2021

Przerzuty nowotworowe stanowią ogromne wyzwanie kliniczne, ponieważ odpowiedzialne są za 90% wszystkich zgonów spowodowanych rakiem. Stąd też istnieje silna potrzeba zapobiegania tworzenia się przerzutów albo celowanego niszczenia już istniejących. Obecnie przyjmuje się, że zainicjowanie procesu przejścia epitelialno - mezenchymalnego (EMT) w zróżnicowanych nowotworach, może silnie zwiększać potencjał migracyjny i inwazyjność komórek nowotworowych. Molekularnym zmianom zachodzącym podczas EMT towarzyszą zmiany morfologiczne, których efektem jest zmiana fenotypu epitelialnego na mezenchymalny oraz nabycie przez komórki nowotworowe wzmożonej ruchliwości i zdolności do inwazji. Po utworzeniu przerzutu w miejscu odległym od ogniska pierwotnego, komórki nowotworowe ulegają procesowi odwrotnemu, przejściu mezenchymalno - epitalialnemu (MET), zyskując z powrotem fenotyp epitelialny. To właśnie zdolność komórki nowotworowej do przechodzenia z jednego stanu do drugiego, pozwala na jej trwałe przystosowanie się do wymagających warunków zmieniającego się środowiska i sprzyja powstawaniu przerzutów.
W niniejszym artykule przeglądowym omówię dwa zasadnicze typy progresji przerzutów: typ plastyczny obejmujący przejściowy proces EMT-MET i typ genetyczny obejmujący wewnętrzne zmiany genetyczne utrzymujące komórki w ciągłym stanie EMT.
Ta uproszczona klasyfikacja łączy ze sobą klinicznie istotne aspekty spoczynku komórkowego, tropizmu tkankowego i oporności na terapię, a także wskazuje perspektywy strategii leczenia przerzutów.
Condiciones de vida y factores socioculturales detrás del riesgo de exposición a metales pesados e hidrocarburos en población indígena amazónica
Authors: Portocarrero Julio 
Published: April 2021

La presente revisión descriptiva busca identificar las condiciones de vida y los factores socioculturales detrás de los riesgos de exposición a metales pesados y metaloides en el contexto indígena amazónico, principalmente en Perú y Ecuador. Los resultados encontrados sugieren que la exposición a metales pesados y metaloides en población indígena es multifactorial, combinando aspectos como: la presencia de actividad extractiva asociada a los lugares de residencia, pesca y caza de la población; antecedentes históricos de fuentes antropogénicas o naturales de metales pesados o metaloides; estructura alimentaria y patrones de preparación, almacenaje y consumo de alimentos; fuentes y procesamiento de agua; patrones de almacenaje de alimentos y material potencialmente contaminante así como material industrial; actividades de reutilización de material industrial; acceso y uso de material industrial; división del trabajo (casa, pesca, horticultura).
Longevidad y pobreza extrema en Huancavelica, Perú
Authors: Sandoval Úrsula , Sandoval Tatiana 
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo examina el interesante caso de pobladores andinos longevos que se sitúan en los estratos de pobreza extrema en el Perú. Se usa el término “longevidad” para referirse a cualquier individuo que tiene más de noventa años y que es activamente funcional. Existen escasas referencias antropológicas sobre la longevidad en los andes peruanos. Aquí nos enfocamos en las personas que alcanzan los cien años o más en condiciones de extrema pobreza y a quienes pudimos visitar en el campo, en donde nos contaron sus modos de vida y lo que significa para ellos llegar a tan avanzada edad y cómo perciben su propia longevidad. Para ello, se tomaron en cuenta diversos factores como la alimentación, las relaciones sociales y las creencias de estas personas.
PROFIL PERILAKU PENGELOLAAN OBAT PADA LANSIA
Authors: Assalwa Ubaida , Ningrum Galuh P. , Tindawati Terid M. , Zahro Sa’adatuz , Trisfalia Rizqa R. , Yuliani Agnes P. , Syarifudin Firman , Najah Adinda L.N , Devi Adelia S. , Irmatiara Feriska , Priyandani Yuni 
Published: April 2021

Lansia (lanjut usia) adalah seseorang yang telah mencapai usia 60 tahun keatas. Pada usia ini terjadi penurunan fungsi organ (fisiologis), penurunan pengetahuan (kognitif), dan penurunan psikologis yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi penyakit sehingga menyebabkan lansia menerima obat dalam jumlah yang banyak dan dapat mengakibatkan permasalahan dalam mengkonsumsi obat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil perilaku pengelolaan obat pada lansia. Lokasi pengambilan data dilakukan di kelurahan Pucang Sewu pada tanggal 11-15 September 2019. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Data diambil dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada lansia. Variable penelitian ini meliputi cara mendapatkan, menggunakan, menyimpan, dan membuang obat yang digunakan oleh lansia. Dari 108 responden, sebanyak 51,85% menjawab lansia menebus obat untuk dirinya sendiri, sebanyak 12,96% keluarga lansia membantu lansia untuk minum obat, sejumlah 21,30% menyimpan obat untuk lansia disembarang tempat, dan 60,19% obat langsung dibuang ke tempat sampah tanpa dihancurkan/dikeluarkan isinya terlebih dahulu.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP PASIEN HIPERTENSI TERHADAP KEPATUHAN PENGGUNAAN OBAT AMLODIPIN DI PUSKESMAS ARJUNO KOTA MALANG
Authors: Haldi Taufik , Pristianty Liza , Hidayati Ika Ratna 
Published: April 2021

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang memiliki angka prevalensi yang tinggi. Hipertensi dapat distabilkan dengan melakukan pola hidup yang sehat dan menggunakan obat antihipertensi, salah satunya amlodipin. Penggunaan obat amlodipin diperlukan kepatuhan agar hipertensi dapat terkontrol. Kepatuhan pasien dalam melaksanakan pengobatan harus dipertahankan dalam jangka waktu yang lama, oleh sebab itu pasien harus memiliki pengetahuan yang baik dan sikap yang positif terhadap hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap pasien hipertensi terhadap kepatuhan penggunaan obat amlodipin di Puskesmas Arjuno Kota Malang. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Data dikumpulkan dengan memberikan kuesioner yang terdiri dari 76 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi pada bulan Agustus–September 2019 di Puskesmas Arjuno Kota Malang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pasien memiliki pengetahuan yang baik (59%), cukup baik (18%), kurang baik (12%), dan tidak baik (11%). Pasien yang memiliki sikap positif (59%) dan sikap negatif (41%). Pasien yang patuh (74%) dan tidak patuh (26%). Hasil uji chi square antara pengetahuan terhadap kepatuhan (p-value = 0,031). Sikap terhadap kepatuhan (p-value = 0,002). Pada uji regresi logistik pengetahuan dan sikap diuji secara bersamaan terhadap kepatuhan dan didapatkan masing-masing nilai p-value 0,026 (OR = 1,794) dan 0,005 (OR = 5,208). Pasien memiliki pengetahuan yang baik (59%), sikap positif (59%), dan patuh dalam menggunakan obat amlodipin (74%). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan terhadap kepatuhan (p-value = 0,031). Terdapat hubungan antara Sikap terhadap kepatuhan (p-value 0,002). Secara bersamaan terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan (p-value = 0,026) dan sikap (p-value = 0,005) dengan kepatuhan.