bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Thermal Comfort in Industrial Buildings, Heated by Radiation
Authors: Filipovici Alexandru , Mirela Ţoropoc Sanda , Adam Marius , Rusen Daniela , Tokar Danut , Tokar Adriana 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper is focused on a study between different heating systems commonly used in industrial installations. Industrial heating systems generally raise difficult problems in choosing the most economical system. If several solutions technically meet the requirements of the indoor climate, in terms of energy efficiency we must focus on the optimal solution. The study was conducted to choose the optimal heating solution for an industrial hall, from the point of view of evaluating the efficiency of the installation of an exhaust gas recirculation equipment. The heating of industrial premises generally raises difficult problems due to the diversity of the types of buildings encountered, the variety of activities carried out and the need to choose the most economical system, both in terms of investment and operation. The radiation heating system using natural gas offers the solution of this problem, in situations where the classic heating systems (hot air heating or static bodies) cannot ensure optimal indoor conditions (in the sense that they do not achieve a relatively uniform temperature in the heated space, cause drafts and have low yields). For spaces with a high height (over 4m) these systems can only be considered satisfactory in the case of general heating with very high energy consumption. From the study performed, but also from the specialized technical literature, it is concluded that these systems offer an energy saving, compared to the classical systems.
Mathematical Modelling of Processes in Apparatus with Flowing Three-Dimensional Electrodes for Calculation of Galvanic Waste Water Purification Modes
Authors: Varentsov Valery , Kuzina Valentina , Koshev Alexander 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The ecology of the urban environment significantly depends on the intensity and toxicity of industrial and other wastewater discharges, both within the city limits and in the areas adjacent to the city. This paper discusses advanced technologies for wastewater treatment from heavy and non-ferrous metal ions in industrial and small enterprises of urban agglomerations. An analysis of the efficiency of using flow-through three-dimensional electrodes for wastewater treatment from harmful reagents is presented. The use of mathematical modeling allows calculating and predicting the results of the technological process, as well as optimizing the process by calculating the effective values of the control parameters, in particular, calculating the modes of treatment of galvanic wastewater from heavy and non-ferrous metals in devices with three-dimensional flow electrodes. The given mathematical models of electrochemical processes in three-dimensional flow electrodes in relation to the extraction of metals from solutions of galvanochemical production allow us to conduct computational experiments. For this purpose, a set of programs has been developed that allows calculating the parameters of the electrochemical process of metal deposition from electrolyte solutions on three-dimensional flow electrodes. The input data for the calculation are the parameters of the deposited component (ion valence, diffusion coefficient), the ion concentration of the deposited component in the solution, the flow rate of the solution, the mass transfer coefficient, the electrical conductivity of the solid and liquid phases of the electrode – solution system, the overall current density, the electrode parameters (porosity, fiber radius, electrode thickness), the electrolysis time. The results of the calculation are: the concentration of metal ions (calculation can be carried out for one or two metal ions contained in the solution), the distribution through the thickness (volume) of the electrode, its conductivity, the mass of metals, the speed of flow of the electrolyte, the coefficients of mass transfer of metal ions, the mass transfer coefficient for oxygen, the potential profiles of the current metals, profile of the current oxygen profile of the current hydrogen, given the profile of the current metals. The solution of a scientific problem of practical importance for improving the ecological state of the urban environment is presented.
Temporary Shoring System on Masonry Buildings After an Earthquake
Authors: Için Helin , Arun Görün 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Historical masonry structures that make up the cultural assets of a country constitute the identity of the society to which it belongs. For this reason, it should be protected and should be transferred from generation to generation. Earthquakes are threatening action to masonry structures. The force generated by the ground movement may cause shear cracks in masonry structures that may lead to fragmentation and even collapse of the structure. It is necessary to know the earthquake behaviour of masonry structures to be able to apply appropriate temporary shoring system after a damage caused by earthquake in order to prevent the future damages during aftershocks. Thus, the progress of the damages in the building is prevented and it is ensured to survive until detailed investigation or restoration. However, when the applied temporary shoring system designs were examined, the environmental conditions of the building were not taken into account in any guideline on immediate shoring. In this paper, temporary shoring system for 3 traditional houses of Bey District is designed for possible earthquake damages. This district has many registered civil architectures lined side by side along very narrow streets. Some masonry buildings were changed to reinforced concrete with multiple floors. This study includes the registration status of the buildings, their location, the number of floors to be supported, the heights between floors, the height of the forces that can be brought by the adjacent building elements, the width of the street where the facade to be supported, whether there is a window or door opening in the facade to be supported etc. If there are window or door openings, the distances of the opening to the corner points of the building and the distances between the two openings has to be recorded. According to these determinations, possible damages that may occur in the buildings are defined and a temporary shoring system is designed in accordance with the buildings and the surrounding conditions.
Photovoltaic Systems Integration Rules and Restrictions in the Historic Buildings Architecture
Authors: Shuldan Larysa , Al-Akhmmadi Saer 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Solar photovoltaic systems integration into historic buildings can change significantly the expenses and energy consumption balance in the most energy-unfavourable urban planning segment. A major challenge of renewable energy sources integration is historic buildings value and aesthetics preservation, subject to present legislation compliance and legacy preservation policies. This publication evaluates the solar photovoltaic systems integration in the scope of finding consistency between legal and aesthetic restrictions.
Advances in Vibration-Based Scour Monitoring for Bridge Foundations
Authors: Lan Tianyang , Xu Weimin , Zhao Shichao , Liu Feng , Liu Yang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Scouring around bridge foundations is one of the main factors causing structural damage of bridges. Traditional scour monitoring techniques generally require a large number of sensing devices set up underwater, which is difficult to be implemented for actual bridges. To address this issue, scour monitoring technology based on structural vibrations is paid attention gradually, because this technique can work well with less equipment and can be free from the influence of the submerged environment. This study presents a systematic summary and analysis of the selection of scour indicators, sensor deployment principles and other related research involved in scour monitoring technology based on structural vibration. On this basis, the research status of the bridge scour monitoring method based on vehicle excitation is further summarized. Finally, the prospects for the application of vibration-based bridge foundation scour monitoring technology are presented, discussing the technologies that are currently missing and urgently needed for this monitoring method and the challenges faced today.
Shear Assessment of Existing Prestressed Box Girder Bridge
Authors: Baran Jaroslav , Borzovič Viktor , Šenšelová Žaneta 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The paper deals with the shear assessment of existing prestressed concrete box-girder bridges. Mainly focuses on the historical development of technical standards used in the design of prestressed concrete road bridges in the Slovak Republic. The standards for bridge design have been amended several times. A parametric study was performed on a model post-tensioned concrete bridge with a box-girder cross-section, which compares the internal forces along the length of the bridge using various standards and technical regulations., The differences in design principles and shear capacity were investigated while the amount and geometry of the longitudinal prestressing of the bridge were the same for all cases. Case of study is a road three-span post-tensioned concrete bridge with a main span of 50 m and end spans of 40 m. The single box-girder cross section height is constant of 2.5 m. The bridge is straight without any curvature in the horizontal plane. The thickness of the bottom slab is variable near the inner supports. The prestressing is formed by 19-strands tendons with a strand diameter of 15.7 mm with a polygonal cable geometry. The numerical model is considered as a beam element with neglecting of the torsional effects of the load. The parametric study points out the differences in the internal forces with use of different design regulations and standards. It also focuses on the shear resistance of the walls of the box-girder cross-section of the bridge. Differences in design methods are presented by the required area of shear reinforcement in the wall of box cross-section. The aim of the study is to point out the historical development of design from the point of view of shear resistance of prestressed bridges. When assessing existing older bridges and trying to achieve reliability according to the current Eurocodes, there is subsequently a requirement for additional shear reinforcement.
The perspective of coworking offices in the context of the small business development
Authors: Foryś Iwona 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Basing on the experience of countries where coworking is developing dynamically, the study assesses the development prospects of coworking in Poland. It identified the opportunities and threats as well as strengths and weaknesses of this form of approaching office space in the conditions of the Polish real estate market. SWOT analysis is used as a methodology to capture the advantages of new concept of business office. To this end, statistical and econometric tools were used. The study revealed strong entrepreneurs' attachment to the ownership of office buildings used for their own purposes and the correlation between the number of coworking facilities and the number of small companies, especially in the service sector. The advantages and disadvantages of coworking offices were also pointed out, in the context of the expectations of modern lessees. The opinions of women and men about the features typical of coworking offices vary considerably, which also may be a subject for further research. The existing surveys from the local market were also referred to, which may serve as a premise for further studies. This requires a global research to capture the change and its implication on real estate market in Poland and its impact on office market. The study recommendation is to celebrate and entrepreneurial activity and introduce entrepreneurial studies at schools to influence a positive change. Research indicates that the working culture is changing, which are reflected in the use of office space, and that after a period of social distancing the approach to shaping social relationships within office work will change as well. The research might therefore assist in revealing further “understanding” forms of interactions and mechanisms of decisions about best form of office space. The study findings fill the research gap in the field of office space sharing. They are also an important indication for potential investors who are looking for new investment areas in the times of pandemic. Moreover, the analyses results will allow lessees of traditional office space to consider alternative solutions for the future while seeking to improve their business situation after restrictions imposed in 2020. In this study, has enabled new insights into the coworking office and social role this form of work, which capture the behavioral and cultural factors.
Integral diagnosis on the use of sustainable water treatment technologies
Authors: Muñoz Laura Arboleda , Tamayo Lizeth Peláez , Marulanda David Pineda , Peláez Gloria Carvajal , Pérez Margarita Hincapié 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The water sector problems are framed by the low rate of adoption of technological innovation, in addition to the great environmental challenges. In Colombia, due to its topography, the provision of the aqueduct and sewerage service is difficult, causing the association of small rural communities to try to supply their need for drinking water for daily activities in a handcrafted way, this added to the increase of the limitations of the different natural resources, it becomes a challenge to guarantee the fundamental right to water and sanitation. This article, based on the UN's Sustainable Development Goals: "Health and well-being", "Clean water and sanitation", "Sustainable cities and communities, and "Responsible consumption and production" presents the results of a research carried out to validate sustainable technologies for safe water treatment systems in communities. Data were collected for a qualitative analysis through interviews applied to representative actors of the sector: water quality laboratories, aqueducts, and utility companies. The study provides information on the different needs identified for each segment, and provides information on the decisions companies make regarding investment in sustainable technologies, highlighting the existing gap in the water sector in innovation management, it presents a diagnosis on the uses of technologies on the water treatment market.
Architecture as a Product of Tourism Consumption
Authors: Cheirchanteri Georgia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Nevertheless, iconic architecture assists in the identification of a place, city or precinct, so, structural, functional and aesthetic aspects of architecture, particularly those that represent unique features, attract tourists. Architecture, according to Aldo Rossi, "is at the same time a place, an event and a symbol". Apart from the construction in the "traditional" sense that one perceives, it is also the process by which a building is lined up. It is therefore understood that the concept of architecture which is used, depending on the purpose, as a means of representation, use, impression, but also commercialization. In particular, regarding to the relationship between Architecture and Tourism, buildings and spaces are understood as "products", that means as a series of enhancing activities while at the same time are completing the image and identity of a place (place branding). The aim of this study is to explore the value of iconic buildings to tourism, while assessing their economic and social value in tourism using the benefit transfer method. For example, the Sydney Opera House is exemplary in this respect and is estimated to contribute "US $ 640 million in annual expenses to visitors to Sydney", as it attracts visitors, indirectly encouraging them to spend the night and further. Concluding, it is noted that the value of virtual architecture is often attributed to the construction of brick and reinforced concrete, while the wider benefits that a building can offer are often overlooked or underestimated. However, what attracts the most stray visitors is the design of the buildings and the virtual architecture which in turn identify a part (country or city) of these important landmarks. While the goal of architects is not to create tourist attractions with economic benefits, however, many are increasingly aware that successful design and functional buildings become attractions for visitors on their own – which form an external environment that requires appreciation, so in the end to end up like tourist products.
Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Timber Portal Frame with Semi-Rigid Knee Joints
Authors: Ozola Lilita , Fabriciuss Janis 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The problems related to development of rotational deformations of a knee joints and crack propagation in rafter elements of timber portal frames were discussed in this article. The rotational displacement, which develops between the rafter and column members due to the bending deformations of the bolts in the knee joint with a simultaneous embedment into the wood, increases the global deformations of the portal frame. Additionally, to axial force and bending moment the rafter elements are heavily loaded with shear force at the sections near knee joint especially. All effects together create very complicated complex of affecting factors. In the current study the design methodology of timber portal frames has been revised with the purpose to develop a more comprehensive set of design conditions for timber portal frames with dowel type fasteners in the knee joints. It is suggested to use the Hoffman failure criterion taking into account the difference of strength in tension and compression to manage the effects of plastic yielding combined with the crack development in wood assumed it as an orthotropic material. It has been proved by case studies of timber portal frames under service loads, as well as by tests and theoretical considerations. The set of design conditions must be supplement by additional clauses comprising Hoffman failure criterion regarding timber sections heavily loaded in shear and cross grain tension. Also, it is recommended that the design capacity of dowel type fastener should be decreased when shear force transferred by the bolt acts perpendicular to the grain direction inducing tension cross grain direction. Other measure may be application of some surface strengthening method.
Application of Ceramsite Dust as an Active Pozzolan Additive in the Cement-Based Compositions
Authors: Yakovlev Grigory , Saidova Zarina , Gordina Anastasiya , Kuzmina Natalia , Ginchitskaya Yulia , Knyazeva Svetlana , Elrefai Ali Elsaed Mohamed Mohamed 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ceramsite (expanded clay) dust is a waste material, obtained in large volumes all over the world as a by-product of ceramsite gravel production. With the development of the construction industry and the ever-growing amount of ceramsite dust disposed in the landfills, the recycling and rational use of this material is becoming a relevant issue. The currently available technologies for the ceramsite waste recycling are very limited, this is why it is necessary to develop a new effective way to involve this waste into the new production. The present research is based on the assumption that ceramsite dust can be applied effectively as an active pozzolanic mineral additive in the cement-based materials. In order to study the composition, structure and properties of the original clay used for the production of ceramsite, as well as the dehydrated clay dust, captured in the dust removing systems of kilns at ceramsite gravel plants, physical and chemical analysis methods were used. Based on the experimental data, the influence of ceramsite dust on the structure and properties of cement compositions was evaluated. Mechanical tests of the samples showed that the introduction of ceramsite dust as an additive in the amount of 3% by the cement weight leads to an increase in compressive strength by 23% in comparison with the reference composition. The paper also presents the results of microstructural analysis, IR spectral analysis and differential thermal analysis of samples modified with the optimal amount of this microadditive. The study of the microstructure of the modified samples shows that the introduction of ceramsite dust into the composition of the cement stone does not only change the morphology of new formations, thus increasing the density of the structure, but also varies the mineralogical composition of the cement matrix with the formation of stronger and more water-resistant minerals in the form of calcium silicate hydrates and calcium aluminosilicate hydrates. This technology allows the recycling of waste from the production of ceramsite stone, thus improving the environmental situation and contributing to the creation of a circular economy.
Industrial space in Bydgoszcz
Authors: Brzeziński Piotr 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Because of its specific, industrial space, a challenge from the planning stage to the design stage is constituted. Proper zoning of this space has positive effects on the industrial function, spatial exposure and environmental impact. Proper creation of industrial areas means the impact of these processes on a macro scale. Local government authorities have the most important influence on the formation of industrial areas, which are necessary for the functioning and economic development of a region. The right regional development policy is what places the industrial space in symbiosis with areas of a different purpose. The most important is the selection of an appropriate space - an enclave, where this specific function can exist and be developed without affecting the surroundings, which may be the adjacent urban space. Due to its specifics, locating of industrial areas has a fundamental role in these multifaceted processes. Bydgoszcz Industrial and Technological Park (BPPT) is the biggest industrial area in the district and one of the biggest industrial and technological parks in Poland. As city authorities say “According to the independent report of the World Bank “Doing Business in Poland 2015”, Bydgoszcz is the best city for investment. The potential of the Park and his rapid development are found disregarding not only amongst investors, but also amongst other operators receiving the BPPT infrastructure.” Referred to the above, there are several important questions. How do these assumptions relate to the industrial zone if an urban area is in the close neighbourhood? How should the development of industrial spaces look like, so that it does not adversely affect urban living space? How do the above assumptions refer to the Bydgoszcz Industrial and Technological Park (BPPT)? The matrix presented in the article compares the general assumptions of the interactions of industrial processes and their application for the Bydgoszcz Industrial and Technological Park.
Application of Waste Rock Dust in Cement Binding Mixtures Used in Roadway
Authors: Topoliński Szymon , Gorączko Aleksandra , Beycioğlu Ahmet , Bagriaçık Baki 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article contains the results of research on the effect of waste rock dust on the properties of cement-bound mixtures. Gabbro-limestone dust with a significant proportion of active silica and calcium carbonate was used for the tests. The results of strength tests after 28 days of maturation with a variable proportion of cement (3%, 5%, 7%) and rock dust (0%, 10%, 20%) are presented. The stabilized aggregate was fine sand. The obtained results did not show the expected strength and frost resistance of the tested samples. The analysis of the results shows that the addition of rock dust is not applicable in dusty soils.