bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of A Risk Score Model Constructed By m6A Methylation Regulators In Breast Cancer
Authors: Qiu Xiaowei , Zhang Qiaoli , Xu Jingnan , Jiang Xin , Qi Xuewei , Chang Xin , Lei Yong , Huang Jinchang , Tian Yehong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation modification can affect the tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis of breast cancer (BC). Up to now, a prognostic model based on m6A methylation regulators for BC is still lacking. This study aimed to construct an accurate prediction prognosis model by m6A methylation regulators for BC patients.Methods: After processing of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets, the differential expression and correlation analysis of m6A RNA methylation regulators were applied. Next, tumor samples were clustered into different groups and clinicopathologic features in different clusters were explored. By univariate Cox and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) analysis, m6A regulators with prognostic value were identified to develop a prediction model. Furthermore, we constructed and validated a predictive nomogram to predict the prognosis of BC patients.Results: 19 m6A related genes were extracted and 908 BC patients enrolled from TCGA dataset. After univariate Cox and LASSO analysis, 3 m6A RNA methylation regulators (YTHDF3, ZC3H13 and HNRNPC) were selected to establish the prognosis model based on median risk score (RS) in training and validation cohort. With the increasing of RS, the expression levels of YTHDF3 and ZC3H13 were individually elevated, while the HNRNPC expressed decreasingly. By survival analysis and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, we found that the overall survival (OS) of high-risk group was significantly shorter than that of the low-risk group based on Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis in each cohort. Univariate and multivariate analysis identified the RS, age, and pathological stage are independent prognostic factors. A nomogram was constructed to predict 1- and 3-year OS and the calibration plots validate the performance. The C-index of nomogram reached 0.757 (95% CI:0.7-0.814) in training cohort and 0.749 (95% CI:0.648-0.85) in validation cohort, respectively.Conclusions: We successfully constructed a predictive prognosis model by m6A RNA methylation regulators. These results indicated that the m6A RNA methylation regulators are potential therapeutic targets of BC patients.
Lnc BACE1-AS Promotes The Progression of Osteosarcoma Through miR-762/SOX7 Axis
Authors: yanlong qu , Chunlei Wang , Tao Zhang , Li Yang , Xinyu Na 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare malignant primary tumor of mesenchymal origin affecting bone that occurs in adolescents and children. LncRNAs are important regulators of tumorigenesis and development. This study aimed to explore the role and molecular basis of LncRNA BACE1-AS in OS. Methods and results : Through the analysis of differential expressed lncRNAs in OS tissues by GEO database, LncRNA BACE1-AS displayed a remarkably lower expression. This found could also be observed in both OS tissues and cell lines by qRT-PCR. Furthermore, using Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell, wound healing and westernblot assays, overexpression LncRNA BACE1-AS remarkably reduced cell proliferation, migration and invasion abilities in OS. In addition, LncRNA BACE1-AS was validated as a sponge of miR-762 through the prediction of lncRNASNP. Further, luciferase reporter and RIP assays were conducted to confirm the binding sites between LncRNA BACE1-AS and miR-762. SOX7 was a target of miR-762 and could be regulate by LncRNA BACE1-AS. Moreover, inhibition of miR-762 could attenuate the role of sh-LncRNA BACE1-AS in OS cells, at meanwhile reduced the expression of SOX7. Conclusion : In this study, LncRNA BACE1-AS regulated proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of OS cells by miR-762/SOX7 axis, implying that LncRNA BACE1-AS was a potential target for OS therapy.
Development of Lignocellulase Enzyme Cocktail—A Logical Use of Statistical Experimental Design Techniques
Authors: Obeng Eugene Marfo , Ongkudon Clarence M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The derivation of reduced sugars from lignocellulosic biomass requires an optimum blend of cellulolytic enzymes and reaction conditions that favour high sugar yield. In this respect, statistical design of experiment strategies become useful, but the technique is often misguided such that enzyme redundancy becomes overlooked. Herein, we demonstrate a systematic approach that involves simplex lattice mixture design and central composite design for optimizing enzyme cocktails for the saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. The simplex lattice mixture design yielded 0.3333: 0.3333: 0.3333 of Celluclast (5%), Hemicellulase (5%) and Laccase (2%), respectively, as the optimum enzyme blend (volume) ratio for the saccharification of hydrothermally pretreated empty palm fruit bunch (EPFB, 10% solid loading). A subsequent application of central composite design resulted in 40 oC, pH 6 and 24 hrs as the optimum saccharification conditions. The individual Celluclast (5%) and Hemicellulase (5%) yielded a reduced sugar equivalence (RSE) of 1.77 mg/mL and 1.67 mg/mL, respectively. However, the blended enzyme cocktail upon subjection to simplex lattice mixture design and subsequent central composite design yielded an RSE of 2.215 mg/mL and 2.431 mg/mL, respectively. The overall results exemplify the significance of enzyme synergism in lignocellulosic biomass saccharification. The approach herein is intended as an easy-to-copy plan for optimizing enzyme cocktails.
A Follow-up Study on the Degeneration of Adjacent Segments After TLIF and Foraminal Endoscopy
Authors: shunmin wang , luo xi , wang yuan , guo yongfei , shi jiangang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) and endoscopic discectomy in the treatment of postoperative adjacent segment degeneration in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods From 2014 to 2017, 87 patients who were diagnosed with single-levelLDH and received surgery of TLIF (group X, n = 43) or endoscopic discectomy (group F, n = 44) were retrospectively analyzed. X-ray, MRI, CT and clinical symptoms were recorded before operation and at the last follow-up. The neurological function was originally evaluated by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score. Radiological evaluation included the height of intervertebral space (HIS), intervertebral foramen height (FH), intervertebral foramen area (FA), lumbar lordosis (CA) and intervertebral disc degeneration Pfirrmann score.Results There was no significant difference in average operation age, JOA improvement rate, reoperation rate and complications between the two groups. The average blood loss, average hospital stays and average operation time in group F were lower than those in group X. During the last follow-up, HIS, CA and FA decreased in both groups, and the changes in group X were more significant than those in group F (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative FH between the two groups, but it decreased more in group X (P < 0.05).Conclusion Both TLIF and endoscopic surgery can achieve good results in the treatment of LDH, but the risk of lumbar adjacent segment degeneration after intervertebral foraminal surgery is lower.
The Metabolite β-Hydroxybutyrate of Lactobacillus Plantarum YZX21 Improves Type 2 Diabetes By Promoting Intestinal Secretion of GLP-1
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Liang Xi , Tong Lingjun , Lv Youyou , Lu Haiyan , Zhao Maozhen , Gong Pimin , Liu Tongjie , Yi Huaxi , Zhang Lan Wei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Probiotics and their metabolites regulate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by promoting GLP-1 secretion, but the mechanism has not yet been fully clarified. Results: In order to reveal the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum（L. plantarum）YZX21 on the regulation of T2DM, type 2 diabetic C57BL/6 mice induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) were divided into different groups and were daily treated with L. plantarum YZX21 for 8 weeks. We identified that L.plantarum YZX21 reduced blood glucose, insulin levels and HOME-IR. Histopathology was found that L.plantarum YZX21 restored the mouse islet cells morphology and increased insulin secretion. The Elisa and immumohistochemical staining revealed concentration of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) was increased in the mice colon. UPLC-MS/MS based widely-targeted metabolomics analysis was used to identify the differential intestinal metabolites in the mice colon. It was found that the metabolite β-Hydroxybutyrate(BHB) of L.plantarum YZX21 had a negative associated with T2DM. Subsequent, type 2 diabetic C57BL/6 mice was established and used to verify hpyerglycemic effest by daily treated with BHB for 8 weeks. It was found that BHB improved pathoglycemia, insulin resistance and increased the intestinal GLP-1 levels, especially reduced free fatty acid (FFA) levels. The expression of receptors G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) was verified by RT-PCR. The GPR109a receptor was significantly stimulated which was up-regulated the expression of GLP-1, but not GPR41 and GPR43 in the mice colon.Conclusions: We found that the hypoglycemic effect of L.plantarum YZX21 was demonstrated by increasing the intestinal GLP-1 levels in the diabetic mice. Through the widely-targeted metabolomics, we identify the close correlation between serum concentrations of BHB and T2DM. In T2DM mice model, BHB reduced the FFA levels and increased the intestinal GLP-1 levels, which is associated with the downregulated expression of GPR109a. These results demonstrated that L.plantarum YZX21 alleviated T2DM by upregulating BHB/GPR109a/GLP-1 associated pathway.
Human Antigen D (HuD) Promotes Tumorigenesis And Invasion of Small Cell Lung Cancer Via Targeting lncRNA LYPLAL1-DT /miR-204-5P/Profilin 2 Axis
Authors: Li Shuxin , Lv Jianyi , Zhang Xing , Li Zhihui , Huo Xueyun , Guo Meng , Liu Xin , Gao Ran , Gong Jianan , Li Changlong , Li Weiying , Zhang Tongmei , Wang Jinghui , Chen Zhenwen , Du Xiaoyan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the most malignant tumors with poor prognosis. RNA-binding protein (RBP) human antigen D (HuD) has been indicated in the process of tumorigenesis and progression of lung tumors, as well as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA). However, the role of HuD and lncRNA in SCLC remains unknown. Methods: Realtime PCR were used to examine the circulating levels of LYPLAL1-DT in the 46 SCLC patients and 18 normal controls. Assays of dual- luciferase reporter system, RNA pull-down were performed to determine that LYPLAL1-DT could sponge miR-204-5p to upregulate the expression of PFN2. Migration and invasion assay, CCK8 and colony formation assay were used to detect the malignant effect of HuD and LYPLAL1-DT. Tumor xenograft model was established and IHC assay was performed to determine how HuD and LAPLAL1-DT impact in vivo. Results: We revealed that HuD was highly expressed in SCLC tissues and cell lines. HuD boosts the proliferation, migration, invasion of SCLC cells by increasing the PFN2 mRNA stability, which promotes cytoskeleton formation. HuD also enhanced the stability of lncRNA LYPLAL1-DT, which expressed highly in the serum of patients with SCLC and acted as an oncogenic lncRNA in SCLC cells as confirmed in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LYPLAL1-DT functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for sponging miR-204-5p, leading to the upregulation of its target PFN2 to promote SCLC cell proliferation and invasion. In summary, our data reveal a regulatory pathway in which HuD stabilizes PFN2 mRNA and LYPLAL1-DT, which in turn increases PFN2 expression by binding to miR-204-5p, and ultimately promotes tumorigenesis and invasion in SCLC.Conclusions: Our findings reveal novel regulatory axes involving HuD/PFN2 and lncRNA LYPLAL1-DT/miR-204-5p/PFN2 in the development and progression of small cell lung cancer (SCLC), providing novel prognostic indicators and promising therapeutic targets.
Bi-Doped SnO2 Transparent Conducting Thin Films Deposited By Spray Pyrolysis: Structural, Electrical, Optical And Photo-Thermoelectric Properties
Authors: Khademi N. , Bagheri-Mohagheghi Mohammad , shirpay A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this research, light and heavy Bi-doped SnO2 thin films were prepared on glass substrates by spray pyrolysis technique. The effect of heavy doped-Bi on the structural, morphological, electrical, photo-thermo-electrical, optical properties of SnO2 films has been investigated. The Bi/Sn atomic ratios (x = [Bi/Sn]) were varied from 0 to 0.30 in the spray solution. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of SnO2 tetragonal rutile structure in low doped deposited films and amorphous structure for heavy Bi-doped SnO2. Also, the SnO2-Bi2O3 binary thin films were formed for x= [Bi/Sn] =0.05. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicated that nanostructure of the condensed films has a rectangular-particle growth toward particle- spherical growth. The Hall effect measurements have shown n-type conductivity in all deposited films. The lowest sheet resistance of 39.3 MΩ/□ and highest carrier concentration of n=4.53 × 1018 cm−3 were obtained for the thin film deposited with x = 0.10. The maximum of the Seebeck coefficient (S)=325 μVK−1 and figure of merit (ZT) = 1.85 was obtained for the thin film deposited with x = 0.20. The average transmittance of films varied over the range of T=72%-84%. The band gap values of samples were obtained in the range of Eg=3.52–3.88 eV for direct band gap. From the photoconductivity studies, the sample prepared with x = 0.20 exhibited the highest photoconductivity among the SnO2: Bi thin films.
Cost-Utility Analysis of Antibiotics Compared with Operative Treatment in Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis.
Authors: Poprom Napaphat , Pattanaprateep Oraluck , Wilasrusmee Chumpon , Rattanasiri Sasivimol , McKay Gareth , Attia John , Thakkinstian Ammarin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Appendicitis is the most common acute abdominal condition affecting general surgical practice. Although appendectomy has been considered the “gold standard” treatment, it has been associated with post-operative complications. Recently, conservative treatment with antibiotics has been considered as an alternative. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate if antibiotics could be cost-effective when compared to laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) or open appendectomy (OA).Methods: A prospective study was undertaken to estimate health-related quality of life using a European Quality of Life–5 Dimensions questionnaire for antibiotic and operative treatment and to ascertain indirect and direct non-medical costs in a cohort between November 2018 and October 2019. An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) at 1 month and a net benefit at 1 year after surgery were estimated. A Tornado diagram was plotted to determine one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses; a cost-effectiveness (CE) scatter plot and CE acceptability curve were also generated.Results: ICERs were estimated from cost-utility analysis comparisons between individual antibiotics (beta-lactam, quinolone, and cephalosporin + metronidazole), LA, and OA in uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Antibiotics showed improved cost utility compared to operative treatments with an ICER of -9,585.66 USD per utility gained at 1 month, and the net benefit at 1 year was 3,250.08 USD. Conclusions: Base on short term evaluation, antibiotics might represent a lower cost treatment option with better cost utility compared to operative treatment options in uncomplicated acute appendicitis patients. As such, antibiotic treatment might be considered as an alternative option where resources are limited to minimize complication rates associated with operative treatments.
Provocation of Dry Eye Disease during COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Neti Nutnicha , Prabhasawat Pinnita , Chirapapaisan Chareenun , Ngowyutagon Panotsom 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To assess the impact of COVID-19 lockdown measures on dry-eye symptoms in a community-based population, a cross-sectional study was conducted during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in Thailand. An online survey was distributed via social media between June and July 2020. The questionnaire elicited information on demographics, dry-eye symptoms, viewing habits, and mental health status. There were 535 respondents. Thirty-seven percent reported having been diagnosed with dry-eye disease (DED). During the lockdown, the mean dry-eye symptom score (DESS) of overall participants dropped significantly from 81.6±15.9 to 79.8±17.4 (P<0.001). The mean, daily, visual display terminal (VDT) usage increased from 10.55±5.16 hours to 13.08±5.65 hours (P<0.001). A negative correlation between age and VDT usage was observed in both the normal and lockdown situations. One-quarter of all participants had an abnormal mental health status. The female gender (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.14–3.04) and increased VDT usage during the lockdown (OR 5.68; 95% CI 3.49–9.23) were independently associated with worsening dry-eye symptoms. The lockdown measures abruptly altered the behaviors and lifestyles of the overall population. Excessive exposure to VDTs were associated with deteriorated dry-eye symptoms, and it possibly contributed to the increased DED incidence in the general population.
Household Food Insecurity and Unavailability of Toilet Facility Contribute to Adverse Health Outcomes of Under-five Children in Bangladesh: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Islam Mohammad Ashraful , Rahman Mahfuzur , Uddin Md. Fakhar , Tariqujjaman Md. , Karmakar Gobinda , Rahman Mohammad Ashikur , Kelly Matthew , Gray Darren , Ahmed Tahmeed , Sarma Haribondhu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDespite recent progress in rural economic development and food production, the prevalence of household food insecurity (FI) and use of unimproved toilet facilities are widespread in Bangladesh. Limited studies have sought to understand the relationship of household FI and sanitation, separately and in combination, with child morbidity. This paper aimed to assess the effect of FI and unimproved toilet facility of households on adverse health outcomes of children less than five years of age in Bangladesh.MethodsWe used data from a cross-sectional survey that was conducted as part of an evaluation of the Maternal, Infant and Young Child Nutrition (MIYCN) Program in Bangladesh. The study population included children aged 6-59 months and their caregivers, identified using a two-stage cluster-sampling procedure. Child morbidity status was the outcome variable, and household FI status and type of toilet used were considered the main exposure variables in this study. We performed logistic regression, calculated adjusted odds ratios (AOR) to assess the association of child morbidity with household FI and unimproved toilet facility after adjusting for potential confounders. ResultsA total of 1,728 households were eligible for this analysis. About 23% of the households were food-insecure, and a large number of households had improved toilet facilities (93.4%). In the multivariable logistic regression model, we found that children in food-insecure households with unimproved toilet facility had 5.88 (AOR: 5.88; 95% CI 2.52, 13.70) times more chance, of being morbid compared to the children of food-secure households with improved toilet facility. A similar association of FI and toilet facilities with each of the morbidity components was observed, including diarrhea (AOR:3.6; 95% CI 1.79, 7.89), fever (AOR:3.47; 95% CI 1.72, 6.99), difficult or fast breathing with cough (AOR:3.88; 95% CI 1.99, 7.59), and difficult or fast breathing with blocked or running nose (AOR:1.29; 95% CI 0.56, 2.95).ConclusionsOur study shows that household FI and unimproved toilet facility jointly have more deteriorative effects on child morbidity than either of these conditions alone. Therefore, it is important to consider these two critical factors while designing a public health intervention for reducing morbidity among under-five children.
Detachable Dissolvable Microneedles: Intra-epidermal and Intradermal Diffusion, Effect on Skin Surface, and Application in Hyperpigmentation Treatment
Authors: Sawutdeechaikul Pritsana , Kanokrungsee Silada , Sahaspot Thanyapat , Thadvibun Kamonwan , Banlunara Wijit , Limcharoen Benchaphorn , Sansureerungsikul Titiporn , Rutwaree Teeranut , Oungeun Miranda , Wanichwecharungruang Supason 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Delivering bioactive compounds into skin tissue has long been a challenge. Using ex vivo porcine and rat skins, here we demonstrate that a detachable dissolvable microneedle (DDMN) array, a special dissolvable microneedle that allows needle detachment from the base within 2 min post administration, can effectively embed a model compound into epidermis and dermis. Diffusion of the compound from the needle embedding sites to the nearby skin tissue is demonstrated at various post administration periods. The relationship between the time that a conventional dissolvable microneedle array is left on skin without needle detachment from the base and the degree of skin surface abrasion at each microneedle penetration spot is also demonstrated on skin of human volunteers. Co-loading glutathione with vitamin C (vitC) can stabilize vitC in the DDMN. DDMN loaded with vitC and glutathione can help erasing post-acne-hyperpigmentation spots.
Climate change in Carpathian forests: natural logging in Sibiu area Romania case study Identifying the effects of climate change in the forests in the Sibiu area: forest wind damage
Authors: BRATU Iulian Alexandru 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Climate change is becoming more acute, including in terms of individual perception. Forest, as an ecosystem, has a special role to play in mitigating climate change, protecting the soil, water and air. There are forests of scientific interest, preservation of the Eco fund and forest Geno fund, as well as recreational forests, so that the ecological functions are fulfilled in the optimum. Also, alongside the social function, green energy generation is one of the main attributes of the forest. In addition to preserving biodiversity, the forestry administration has as objectives the provision of the necessary resources for the short, medium and long-term development of local communities. Forest management that harmoniously combines ecological, economic and social functions cannot be sustained, at least in the information age, without relying on information technology. This article aims to address the issue of information technology in the forest administration, identifying needs and providing viable, high quality, open source solutions.
Capacitive Sensor Accuracy Optimisation by the Frequency Range Appropriate Choice
Authors: Ghemari Zine , Belkhiri Salah 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Measuring rotating machine vibrations requires an electronic instrument called a vibration sensor. In this work, the vibration sensor with capacitive detection is chosen to measure the vibrations movement. In order to fulfill the objectives of reducing the measurement error and achieving high sensor accuracy, this sensor is modeled by the application of motion law. The results obtained by the developed model simulation showed that it was possible to extract a formula linked to relative frequency of the vibrating structure and to the capacitive sensor natural frequency, this makes it possible to reduce the measurement error and improve the capacitive sensor accuracy