bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Branch Campus and and Institutional Social Capital
Authors: Kohler Christopher 
Published: February 2021

The number of international branch campuses (IBCs) has continued to increase over the past few decades. Despite this increase, empirical research is lacking when it comes to the social implications for both the institutions engaged in transnational higher education through the development of IBCs and the students participating in these degree programs. The students studying at international branch campuses are both local and international, undertaking an international education without venturing overseas. The purpose of this study is to understand how students who have studied and are currently studying at an IBC narrate their experiences and expectations from transnational higher education, particularly focusing on the development and manifestation of institutional social capital and students’ ability to use this social capital in their specific local contexts. Through a pilot study employing semi-structured one-on-one interviews and focus group interactions with current students and alumni of an American IBC in Singapore, it is found that enrollment at IBC is mostly a feature of lack of access to one of the local universities, which hold the highest status. However, for some students with an interest in pursuing jobs or graduate studies overseas, earning an American degree is seen as a way to enhance their career prospects. The development of a strong alumni group in Singapore is highlighted as a way to increase the value of the degree in the Singapore context.
Balance of Power: The Governance Structure of International Branch Campus in China
Authors: Wang Yanhao 
Published: February 2021

Overseas branch campus is an important component of the internationalization of higher education. This research studies three branch campuses in China—NYU-Shanghai, Duke Kunshan and Wenzhou-Kean University, analyzing their senior leaderships and the power of the home university and the local partners. Though this research is still in process, it would certainly contribute to our understanding of the internationalization of higher education in China and help institutions to choose appropriate strategies.
role of emotions in High School students’ scientific initiation in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Santos Bruna Navarone , Cabral Félix de Sousa Isabela 
Published: February 2021

The Oswaldo Cruz Foundation's Scientific Vocation Program (Provoc-Fiocruz) is a non-formal educational program for scientific initiation directed to High School students in Brazil since 1986, in the areas of Biological Sciences, Health, Human or Social Sciences. This research is qualitative and it will be conducted semi-structured interviews with up to fifteen High School students and fifteen researchers-advisors from Provoc-Fiocruz, to understand the role of both students’ and advisors’ emotions in their knowledge socialization to develop scientific research. The data will be analyzed through content analysis and this research is grounded in the discipline of Sociology of Emotions and relate social markers differences such as gender, race and class in the construction of knowledge that result in academic and professional choices.
Qualitative Analysis: Mexican University Student Written Advice to Future Students at the Conclusion of a Semester Abroad Experience
Authors: Drabier Renee 
Published: February 2021

This study is an analysis of student reflective advice written to future semester abroad students based upon their personal experience in a semester study abroad program. In December 2018, 36 Mexican students wrote individual letters composed during an end-of-term session and were asked to reflect upon their semester abroad experience in San Antonio, Texas. The students composed letters to provide advice for the next student cohort based on what they had learned and what they wished someone had told them to help make the most of their experience. The aims of the analysis is to gain insight into the student’s experience, to evaluate how student learning can be used to improve future student experiences, and to provide peer advice for future students in their semester abroad experience.
Ready, Fire, Aim: Adapting to COVID-19
Authors: Smith Wade 
Published: February 2021

This paper provides insight into the rapid transition experienced by the students and staff who, before COVID-19 mandated shutdowns, were part of a blended instructional format for their classes. The students reported general satisfaction with the online transition while expressing reservations about the loss of personal interaction and concerns about inabilities to engage field experiences deemed critical to completion of the program.
Let us stand with Julia!
Authors: Bista Krishna 
Published: February 2021

Julia Iafrate, a Canadian-born immigrant medical doctor, who now works at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, shared her personal story with CNN’s Chris Cuomo that her green card was denied. She received the news of denial while she was treating critically ill coronavirus patients in the ICU in early May 2020. Julia earned all her medical degrees and credentials from American universities-- Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Mayo Clinic, and the University of Iowa Hospital & Clinics. She is one of millions of former international students or immigrant workers in the United States. Currently, there are more than 44,728,721 immigrants living and working in the United States. This short essay reviews the contributions of former international students or immigrants in the United States who have contributed significantly to U.S. health and medicine, science and technology, education and business, government and military, and job creation and innovation.
Re-thinking International Students' Voice in South-South Cooperation in Higher Education 关于发展中国家留学生在华学习体验的反思
Authors: Yuan Tingting 
Published: February 2021

This article provides an initial reflection based on a recent qualitative study on China’s higher education and scholarship provision to international students from developing countries. The empirical data collected from focus groups reveal two emerging aspects of students’ overall experience: those of equality and sustainability. These two features fundamentally reflect China’s distinctiveness in its higher education provision in South-South Cooperation and its status in contemporary global political economy.文章从国际发展视角对一项近期进行的质性研究进行了阶段性的反思。该研究对获得中国奖学金的发展中国家在华留学生进行了访谈。初步研究结果将在华留学这个高等教育范畴内的实践和中国在南南合作中所做的贡献联系起来。本文旨在揭示留学生体验的两点鲜明特征，即在华留学的“平等性”和“可持续性”。而这两点特征也在根本上体现了中国提供的高等教育的特殊性和中国在当前国际政治经济中的角色和地位。
Why study in Finland: RAMK, SAMK, and PBL
Authors: Khramtsova Irina 
Published: February 2021

In September 2011, I visited two universities in Finland as part of Magellan faculty exchange: Rovaniemi University of Applied Sciences in Pori (RAMK) and Satakunta University of Applied Sciences in Pori and Rauma (SAMK). It was such a wonderful and rewarding trip that I decided to share my experience with students to encourage them to study abroad. to encourage them to study abroad. Arkansas State University is a member of Magellan Exchange Program (http://www.magellanexchange.org/). The mission of this program is “to provide opportunities for students and faculty to have an affordable educational and cultural immersion experience.” I decided to apply for this exchange to foster my professional development and to establish new contacts for cross-cultural collaboration in my area of research.
International Students: Strengthening a Critical Resource
Authors: Bhandari Amrita 
Published: February 2021

International student mobility is changing quickly in institutions of higher education in the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Canada. In the U.S. alone, the total number of global mobile students reached 9.5 million in 2012. In comparison to other European countries, there are fewer published resources about and for international students in the U.S. In this demanding academic context, I consider International Students: Strengthening a Critical Resource written by Maureen S. Andrade and Norman W. Evans as an important handbook for international students’ educators and administrators. This book addresses eight major issues: adjustment, persistence, recruitment, orientation, English language programs, social support services, intercultural communication and learning, and immigration and legal issues.
Vocabulary Acquisition: Practical Strategies for ESL Students
Authors: Min Young-Kyung 
Published: February 2021

The English language is considered to have the largest vocabulary in the world (Crystal, 2002). Educated native speakers of English are expected to know approximately 20,000 word families or 70,000 words (Nation, 2001); however, educated non-native speakers of English know less than one quarter of the native speakers’ vocabulary (Laufer & Yano, 2001). Nonnative speakers of English must increase their vocabulary knowledge in order to become successful in their academic endeavors in English-medium educational environments. A solid foundation of vocabulary knowledge is essential at every stage of the learner’s second language (L2) development. Regardless of the degree of the learner’s competency in grammar and pronunciation; one cannot have effective communication without sufficient vocabulary knowledge.
A Chinese Nurse’s Socio-Cultural Experiences in Australia
Authors: Huang Yang 
Published: February 2021

Studying overseas for international students means a lot--not only being away from home but also experiencing quite a few unexpected difficulties. It looks like a triangle of a pyramid since each part is closely connected with each other, and it falls apart if one part is not functioning! Studying abroad is full of challenges for every student due to the language barrier, culture shock and homesickness. For students who speak English as a second or foreign language, this is because being disconnected with families, friends, familiar environment and even preferred food may lead to directly or indirectly physical discomfort and emotional stress. I chose overseas studying as I was eager to understand the cultural differences, linguistic variables, and to establish my interest in community and medicine!
Relevant and current issues faced by American institutions of higher education as they attempt to design and implement affirmative action plans vis-à-vis admissions and faculty/staff hiring policies and practices
Authors: Wazin Angel 
Published: February 2021

This article provides an overview of opposing perspectives on affirmative action and makes a case for affirmative action on the grounds of diversity and from the perspective of a necessity to remedy past discrimination (Hasnas, 2018; Wright & Garces, 2018; Kaplin & Lee, 2013). My argument employs Hurtado, Milem, Clayton-Pedersen, and Allen’s (2010) four (4) dimensions of educational programs and practices needed in assessing diversity in the institution: historical legacy of inclusion/exclusion of racial/ethnic groups; structural diversity regarding numerical representation ; the psychological climate of perceptions and attitudes ; and the behavioral climate dimension. Additionally, because the expressed consideration of race and gender in admissions and hiring processes have legal implications, I provide legal guidelines and precedents to mitigate litigation.
Organizações de serviços extrajudiciais baianas em tempos de sindemia – uma análise pela perspectiva da teoria da ecologia das populações
Authors: Prado Vaner José do , Costa Joany Mara Souza Tavares , Gileá José 
Published: February 2021

Este artigo analisa a população de organizações prestadoras de serviços notariais e registrais, (organização técnica/administrativa), nos termos do artigo 1º da Lei 6.015/73 e artigo 1º da Lei 8.935/94, destinados a dar publicidade, autenticidade, eficácia e segurança aos atos jurídicos do estado da Bahia, à luz da teoria da ecologia das populações, no contexto sindêmico da COVID-19. A questão de pesquisa suscitada é, se nessa população ou comunidade de organizações (as serventias extrajudiciais), a imposição de atos normativos regulatórios diante do ambiente pandêmico (sindêmico) e das exigências de manutenção da qualidade na prestação de serviços à sociedade, levou titulares e interinos a buscar a otimização na utilização dos recursos escassos e incertos e o que ou quais recursos são passíveis de otimização? O objetivo é analisar como os tipos de organizações, dentro de suas populações de organizações de serviços extrajudiciais, podem utilizar novas combinações dos recursos presentes no ambiente para sobreviver, sendo esta sobrevivência com o sentido de cumprir os propósitos de atender as demandas da sociedade e proporcionar retorno para a organização. A pesquisa foi realizada no estado da Bahia, no ano de 2020, elaborada em três etapas: a) conceitual; b) caracterização da população e; c) análise comparativa das ações realizadas. Diante disso, mesmo com sistemas estáveis, essa população foi desestabilizada por fatores ambientais, que fugiram ao alcance puramente gerencial. Mudanças disruptivas do ambiente sindêmico, expuseram conhecimentos sólidos (no caso o técnico/jurídico), passando rapidamente a exigir outros conhecimentos (neste caso o gerencial e de tecnologias digitais).
O sentido do trabalho do docente universitário: reflexões para o pós-pandemia à luz do pensamento de Viktor Frankl
Authors: Silva Flávio Luiz Honorato da , Simões Raisa Fernandes Mariz , Queiroz Rouseane da Silva Paula , Pontes Alisson de Meneses 
Published: February 2021

O docente exerce diversas funções na universidade, a exemplo da pesquisa, ensino e extensão, e isto pode gerar uma sobrecarga física e mental. Eles devem guiar-se e orientar os alunos para uma tarefa a ser realizada, um valor, um sentido a buscar, e, como consequência, encontrar a realização de vida (autorrealização) suas e dos alunos. O objetivo deste estudo foi, portanto, refletir sobre o a vocação/missão do trabalho do docente universitário à luz da Logoterapia e Análise Existencial, propondo caminhos para lidar com o ensino-aprendizagem e a relação com o aluno no período do pós-pandemia. Utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica em livros e artigos em bases de dados. Constatou-se que o docente que encontra sua missão exercendo a docência e desenvolvendo nela seus valores criativos, mesmo com todos os obstáculos e sobrecargas de ordem física e mental, é capaz de, na sua dimensão noética, autotranscender e chamar outros à autotranscendência, atuando como condutor que orienta ao sentido, principalmente nas situações que exigem uma ressignificação. No pós-pandemia certamente haverá um novo educar, e o professor e aluno devem acolher-se mutualmente nas diversas demandas que serão consequências deste período, buscando mais que uma transmissão do conhecimento, mas principalmente um encontro existencial.
Analise e desenvolvimento de um software para o gerenciamento do demonstrativo de fluxo de caixa da merenda escolar de uma escola pública municipal da Cidade de Amorinópolis – Goiás
Authors: Reis Maira Cristina dos , Cardoso Luciana Recart 
Published: February 2021

A alimentação escolar, mais conhecida como “merenda escolar” é um direito dos alunos de escolas da rede públicas. O objetivo dessa alimentação é contribuir para o desenvolvimento integral dos alunos e consequentemente colaborar com seu aprendizado. Os recursos destinados à merenda escolar são repassados mensalmente, baseados no valor percapita, é no censo escolar, assim os governos estadual e federal ficam responsáveis pelo repasse das verbas as escolas públicas. Com o recebimento de recursos é determinado que as escolas prestem contas anualmente sobre os valores utilizados. No mercado atual a poucos softwares que auxiliem na prestação de contas relacionada a merenda, além de não serem gratuitos. Diante disso, o presente estudo tem por objetivo descrever as atividades inerentes a analise e modelagem de um software na plataforma Web com o intuito de gerenciar os recursos destinados à merenda escolar. Metodologicamente, o estudo classifica-se como sendo de natureza qualitativa, empregada através de entrevistas e pesquisa bibliográfica. Com o desenvolvimento do software espera-se contribuir para o aprimoramento do controle dos dados relacionados à merenda escolar, visando aperfeiçoar o aproveitamento dos recursos destinados através do planejamento informatizado de cardápios e geração de relatórios.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus casei Affect Various Stages of Gardnerella Species Biofilm Formation
Authors: He Yuanhui , Na Risu , Niu Xiaoxi , Xiao Bingbing , Yang Huixia 
Published: February 2021

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) and its recurrence are most commonly associated with the formation of Gardnerella species biofilm. Probiotics are typically used to treat BV; however, the optimal period of Lactobacillus probiotic application in BV treatment remains uncertain. The present study aimed to explore the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus casei on various stages of biofilm formation in Gardnerella species. The biofilm-forming ability of seven strains, including one Gardnerella vaginalis ATCC 14018 and six clinically isolated Gardnerella species, was determined via gentian violet staining assay. Moreover, the sensitivity of the planktonic and biofilm forms toward metronidazole and clindamycin was assessed via microdilution broth method. L. rhamnosus Xbb-LR-1 and L. casei Xbb-LC-1 were added during various stages of biofilm formation in Gardnerella species and were cocultured for 24 h. The biofilm thickness of each sample was determined via confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The absolute quantities of Gardnerella species in each sample was obtained via real time polymerase chain reaction method, and the pH value was obtained using a pH indicator paper. Biofilm formation by Gardnerella species in a medium with distinct pH values was observed via gentian violet staining, CLSM, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The biofilm increased the resistance of Gardnerella species toward metronidazole and clindamycin. L. rhamnosus added at the initial biofilm formation stage in Gardnerella species exhibited highest inhibitory effect, with a percentage inhibition of 38.17% ± 1.35%. When the pH value of the culture medium was &lt;4.5 or &gt;6.5, ATCC 14018 could hardly form a biofilm; however, at pH ≥4.5 and ≤6.5, it was able to form a stronger biofilm. The amount of biofilm attained maximum value at optical density of 3.29 ± 0.28 (595 nm), pH 5.5, and at 36 h. Biofilm formation increases the resistance of Gardnerella species toward antibiotics. Maintaining an acidic vaginal environment with pH &lt;4.5 and a vaginal microbiota dominated by Lactobacillus remarkably prevents the formation of Gardnerella species biofilm at the initial stage, which further has a significant impact on the treatment and prevention of biofilm-related infections.
Evaluation of SNA001, a Novel Recombinant Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Injection, in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Gu Yushen , Xu Hongrong , Yang Yanling , Xiu Yan , Hu Pengcheng , Liu Min , Wang Xiangqing , Song Jun , Di Yan , Wang Jian , Zhang Xiaoxia , Xu Tao , Li Xuening , Shi Hongcheng 
Published: February 2021

SNA001 is a novel recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH). rhTSH has long been approved in several countries to facilitate monitoring and ablation of thyroid carcinoma without hypothyroidism caused by thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW). To assess the safety, tolerance, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of SNA001, the two-period (SNA001 period and THW period), dose-ascending study in well-differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients was designed. Three doses (0.45 mg, 0.9 mg, and 1.35 mg) of SNA001 were intramuscularly injected, twice in the SNA001 period to stimulate iodine-131 uptake and thyroglobulin (Tg) release. 24 h after the last dose of SNA001, iodine-131 (111–185 MBq) was administrated, followed by whole-body scan (WBS) 48 h later. THW period began just after SNA001 washout and lasted for about 3–6 weeks. When TSH level was above 30 mU/L, iodine-131 (111–185 MBq) was administrated, followed by a WBS and Tg detection 48 h later. Twenty-four DTC patients after thyroidectomy were enrolled; mean peak concentrations of SNA001 in 0.45, 0.9, and 1.35 mg groups were 18.5, 26.7, and 37.0 ng/ml (about 244.7, 354.2, and 489.6 mU/L) respectively, within 28–32 h after first dose of SNA001. SNA001 was metabolized in a dose-dependent manner. The results of WBS and Tg release in the SNA001 period were compared with those in the THW period. Compared to Tg level in baseline, the Tg levels in SNA001 and THW periods were increased, with 78% of subjects showing higher Tg levels in the THW period. 100% of the patients had concordant qualitative results of the scans within two periods in three groups. Symptoms of hypothyroidism were relieved in the SNA001 period compared with THW period, though there was no significant difference in most of the scale scores. There were no serious adverse events related to SNA001; the most common adverse events were gastrointestinal symptoms of mild and transient nature. Thus, SNA001 promises to be a safe and effective method to stimulate iodine-131 uptake and Tg secretion during monitoring and ablation for DTC without the disadvantages of incidental hypothyroidism.
No Clinically Relevant Effect of Heart Rate Increase and Heart Rate Recovery During Exercise on Cardiovascular Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Mensah-Kane Josephine , Schmidt Amand F. , Hingorani Aroon D. , Finan Chris , Chen Yutang , van Duijvenboden Stefan , Orini Michele , Lambiase Pier D. , Tinker Andrew , Marouli Eirini , Munroe Patricia B. , Ramírez Julia 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundReduced heart rate (HR) increase (HRI), recovery (HRR), and higher resting HR are associated with cardiovascular (CV) disease, but causal inferences have not been deduced. We investigated causal effects of HRI, HRR, and resting HR on CV risk, all-cause mortality (ACM), atrial fibrillation (AF), coronary artery disease (CAD), and ischemic stroke (IS) using Mendelian Randomization.Methods11 variants for HRI, 11 for HRR, and two sets of 46 and 414 variants for resting HR were obtained from four genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on UK Biobank. We performed a lookup on GWASs for CV risk and ACM in UK Biobank (N = 375,367, 5.4% cases and N = 393,165, 4.4% cases, respectively). For CAD, AF, and IS, we used publicly available summary statistics. We used a random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method and sensitivity analyses to estimate causality.ResultsIVW showed a nominally significant effect of HRI on CV events (odds ratio [OR] = 1.0012, P = 4.11 × 10–2) and on CAD and AF. Regarding HRR, IVW was not significant for any outcome. The IVW method indicated statistically significant associations of resting HR with AF (OR = 0.9825, P = 9.8 × 10–6), supported by all sensitivity analyses, and a nominally significant association with IS (OR = 0.9926, P = 9.82 × 10–3).ConclusionOur findings suggest no strong evidence of an association between HRI and HRR and any outcome and confirm prior work reporting a highly significant effect of resting HR on AF. Future research is required to explore HRI and HRR associations further using more powerful predictors, when available.