bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social and Regional Factors Predict the Likelihood of Admission to a Nursing Home After Acute Hospital Stay in Elderly People with Chronic Health Conditions: A Multilevel Analysis Using Routinely Collected Hospital and Census Data in Switzerland.
Authors: Bachmann Nicole , Zumbrunn Andrea , Bayer-Oglesby Lucy 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: If hospitalisation becomes inevitable in the course of a chronic disease, discharge from acute hospital care in elderly individuals is often associated with temporary or persistent frailty, functional limitations and the need for help with daily activities. Thus, acute hospitalisation represents a particularly vulnerable phase of transient dependency on social support and health care. This study examines how social and regional inequality affect the decision for an institutionalisation after acute hospital discharge in Switzerland. Methods: The current analysis uses routinely collected inpatient data from all Swiss acute hospitals that was linked on the individual level with Swiss census data. The study sample included N=60,209 patients 75 years old and older living still at a private home and being hospitalised due to a chronic health condition in N=199 hospitals between 2010 and 2016. Random intercept multilevel logistic regression was used to assess the impact of social and regional factors on the odds of a nursing home admission after hospital discharge. Results: Results show that 7.8% of all patients were admitted directly to a nursing home after hospital discharge. We found significant effects of education level, insurance class, living alone and language regions on the odds of nursing home admission in a model adjusted for age, gender, nationality, health status, year of hospitalisation and hospital-level variance. The language regions moderated the effect of education and insurance class but not of living alone.Conclusion: Acute hospital discharge in elderly is a critical moment of transient dependency. Social and health care should work closely and coordinated together for a well-supported hospital discharge to avoid unnecessary institutionalisations of socially disadvantaged patients.
Foliar-Applied Selenium Nanoparticles Alleviate Cadmium Stress Through Changes in Physio-Biochemical Status and Essential Oil Profile of Coriander (Coriandrumsativum L.) Leaves
Authors: Babashpour-Asl Marzieh , Tabrizi Elnaz Farajzadeh Memari , Yousefpour-Dokhanieh Afsaneh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Since large areas of agricultural soils around the world are contaminated by Cd, a cost-effective and practical method is needed for the safe production of edible plants. The effective role of many nanomaterials to improve plant yield and alleviate environmental pollutions is addressed; however, selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) potential has not been well-known yet. The aim of this work was to investigate foliar application of Se-NPs on yield, water content, proline concentration, phenolic content, lipid peroxidation, and essential oil (EO) attributes of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) under Cd stress. This study consisted of Cd contamination (0, 4, and 8 mg L-1) and foliar application of Se-NPs (0, 20, 40, and 60 mg L-1) in a hydroponic system. The results showed enhanced Cd concentration of root and shoot of coriander under Cd stress; however, Se-NPs alleviate the uptake of Cd. There were observed the decreased shoot and root weight, chlorophyll (Chl) content and relative water content (RWC) by progressing Cd toxicity, but Se-NPs improved these attributes. Moderate Cd stress and 40 or 60 mg L-1 Se-NPs increased phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as EO yield. Proline concentration and malondialdehid (MDA) increased by enhancing Cd stress, but Se-NPs decreased MDA. The GC/MS analysis showed that the main EO constitutes were n-decanal (18.80-29.70%), 2E-dodecanal (14.23-19.87%), 2E-decanal (12.60-19.40%), and n-nonane (7.23-12.87%), representing different amounts under Cd pollution and Se-NPs. To sum up, 40-60 mg L-1 Se-NPs are effective in alleviating Cd stress.
Macrophage-derived microRNA-223 Promotes Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Dysfunction via Exosomal Pathways in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: CHang Xin , Song Yi-hang , He Zi-xuan , Zhao Sheng-bing , Wu Jia-yi , Gu Lun , Li Zhao-shen , Xu Can , Wang Shu-ling , Bai Yu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background & Aim: Exosomes are effective mediators of cell-to-cell interactions and carry many regulatory molecules, including miRNAs, that can play crucial roles in diverse fundamental biological processes. However, to date, no study has reported macrophage exosomal involvement in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study investigated the specific miRNAs in macrophage-derived exosomes in IBD and the potential molecular mechanism. Methods: Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to generate IBD mice. The supernatants of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were collected for exome isolation and miRNA sequencing. Lentiviruses were used to modify miRNA expression and further investigate the role of macrophage-derived exosomal miRNAs. In vitro, both mouse and human organoids were applied to a Transwell system in co-culture with BMDMs as a cellular IBD-related challenge.Results: Here, we show that LPS-induced macrophages can release exosomes containing various miRNAs, aggravating IBD. We analyzed miRNA sequencing of macrophage-derived exosomes, and miR-223 was selected for further study. In vivo, exosomes with high miR-223 expression contributed to the exacerbation of intestinal barrier dysfunction, which was further verified in both mouse and human colon organoids. Furthermore, time-dependent analysis of the mRNAs of DSS-induced colitis mouse tissue combined with miR-223 target gene prediction was performed to select the candidate gene, and the barrier-related factor TMIGD1 was identified.Conclusion: Collectively, these data indicated that macrophage-derived exosomal miR-223 played a novel role in intestinal barrier dysfunction by inhibiting TMIGD1 in the progression of DSS-induced colitis.
Optimal Surveillance of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas Focusing on Remnant Pancreas Recurrence After Surgical Resection
Authors: FUJI Tomokazu , UMEDA Yuzo , TAKAGI Kosei , YOSHIDA Ryuichi , YOSHIDA Kazuhiro , YASUI Kazuya , MATSUMOTO Kazuyuki , KATO Hironari , YAGI Takahito , FUJIWARA Toshiyoshi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The international consensus guidelines for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas (IPMN) presented clinical features as indications for surgery. Whereas surveillance for recurrence including de novo lesions is essential, optimal surveillance protocols have not been established.Aim and Methods: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical features of recurrence at the remnant pancreas (Rem-Panc) and extra-pancreas (Ex-Panc) after surgery for IPMN. Ninety-one cases of IPMN that underwent detailed preoperative assessment and pancreatectomy were retrospectively analyzed, focusing especially on the type of recurrence.Results: The IPMNs were finally diagnosed as low-grade dysplasia (LDA, n=42), high-grade dysplasia (HAD, n=19), and invasive carcinoma (IPMC, n=30). Recurrence was observed in 26 cases (28%), of which recurrence was seen at Rem-Panc in 19 cases and at Ex-Panc in 7 cases. The frequency of Rem-Panc recurrence was 10% in LDA, 21% in HDA, and 37% in IPMC. On the other hand, Ex-Panc recurrence was observed only in IPMC (23%). Ex-Panc recurrence showed shorter median recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) than Rem-Panc recurrence (median RFS 8 months vs 35 months, p<0.001; median OS 25 months vs 72 months, p<0.001). Regarding treatment for Rem-Panc recurrence, repeat pancreatectomy resulted in better OS than no-pancreatectomy (MST 36 months vs 15.5 months, p=0.03). On multivariate analysis, main duct stenosis or disruption as a preoperative feature (hazard ratio [HR] 10.6, p=0.002) and positive surgical margin (HR 4.4, p=0.018) were identified as risk factors for Rem-Panc recurrence.Conclusions: The risk factors for Rem-Panc and Ex-Panc recurrence differ. Optimal surveillance based on these features is desirable to ensure that repeat pancreatectomy for Rem-Panc recurrence can be an appropriate surgical intervention.
The Feasibility and Utility of Hair Follicle Sampling To Measure FMRP and FMR1 mRNA in Children With or Without Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Jalnapurkar Isha , Frazier Jean A. , Roth Mark , Cochran David M. , Foley Ann , Merk Taylor , Venuti Lauren , Ronco Lucienne , Raines Shane , Cadavid Diego 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background:

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common cause inherited cause of intellectual disability in males and the most common single gene cause of autism. This X-linked disorder is caused by an expansion of a trinucleotide CGG repeat (>200 base pairs) on the promotor region of the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (FMR1). This leads to the deficiency or absence of the encoded protein, Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). FMRP has a central role in the translation of mRNAs involved in synaptic connections and plasticity. Recent studies have demonstrated the benefit of therapeutics focused on reactivation of the FMR1 locus towards improving key clinical phenotypes via restoration of FMRP and ultimately disease modification. A key step in future studies directed towards this effort is the establishment of proof of concept (POC) for FMRP reactivation in individuals with FXS. For this it is key to determine the feasibility of repeated collection of tissues or fluids to measure FMR1 and FMRP.
Methods:

Individuals, ages 3 to 22 years of age, with FXS and those who were typically developing participated in this single-site pilot clinical biomarker study. The repeated collection of hair follicles was compared with the collection of blood and buccal swabs for detection of FMR1 mRNA and FMRP and related molecules.
Results:

There were n = 15 participants, of whom 10 had a diagnosis of FXS (7.0 ± 3.56 years) and 5 were typically developing (8.2 ± 2.77 years). Absolute levels of FMRP and FMR1 mRNA were substantially higher in healthy participants compared to full mutation and mosaic FXS participants, and lowest in the FXS boys. Measurement of FMR1 and FMRP levels by any method did not show any notable variation by collection location at home versus office across the various sample collection methodologies of hair follicle, blood sample, and buccal swab.
Conclusion:

Findings demonstrated that repeated sampling of hair follicles in individuals with FXS, in both, home and office settings, is feasible, repeatable, and can be used for measurement of FMR1 and FMRP in longitudinal studies.
Formation Control For Discrete-Time Multi-Agent System With Input and Output Delays Under Network Attacks
Authors: Jian Yuan , Hailin Liu , Wenxia Zhang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper addresses the mean square consensus-based formation control for multiple agent system (MAS) with input and output delays under network attacks, process noise, and measurement noise in MAS. Firstly, a time delay-free transformation approach for a multi-agent system with input and output delays is presented. The MAU system is transformed into a formal delay-free discrete-time system using the delay-free transformation method. Then a state observer based on Kalman filter is presented to estimate the states of agents. A distributed predictive consensus protocol based on the estimated states of each MAUS is proposed for the leader-following MAUS. The sufficient and necessary conditions of mean square consensus for MAUS under DoS attacks are derived. Finally, a numerical example of consensus-based formation control for Multi-agent systems is provided to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed consensus control protocol.
The cross-scale correlations between individuals and nations in COVID-19 mortality
Authors: Zhang Lei , She Yu-Rong , She Guang-Hui , Li Rong , She Zhen-Su 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
It is challenging to quantitatively clarify the determining medical and social factors of COVID-19 mortality, which varied by 2-3 orders of magnitude across countries. Here, we present evidence that the whole-cycle patterns of mortality follow a logistic law for 52 countries. A universal linear law is found between the ICU time in the early stage and the most important quantity regarding the epidemic: its duration. Saturation mortality is found to have a power law relationship with median age and bed occupancy, which quantitatively explains the great variation in mortality based on the two key thresholds of median age (=38) and bed occupancy (=15%). We predict that deaths will be reduced by 36% when the number of beds is doubled for countries with older populations. Facing the next wave of the epidemic, this model can make early predictions on the epidemic duration and medical supply reservation.
Community Structure and Co-Occurrence Network Analysis of Bacteria and Fungi in Wheat Fields vs Fruit Orchards
Authors: Cui Xinyu , He Huan , Zhu Fengxiao , Liu Xiaobo , Ma You , Xie Wenming , Meng Han , Zhang Limin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Soil microorganisms play a vital role in biogeochemical processes and nutrient turnover in agricultural ecosystems. However, the information on how the structure and co-occurrence patterns of microbial communities respond to the change of planting methods is still limited. In this study, a total of 34 soil samples were collected from 17 different fields of two planting types (wheat and orchards) along the Taige Canal in Yangtze River Delta. The distribution and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities in soil were determined using amplicon sequencing targeting the 16S rRNA gene and ITS gene, respectively. The dominated bacteria were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidota, and Firmicutes. The relative abundance of Actinobacteriota and Firmicutes was higher in the orchards, while Chloroflexi and Nitrospirota were more abundant in wheat fields. Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Basidiomycota were the predominant fungi in both types of soils. The diversity of bacterial and fungal communities was greater in the wheat fields than in the orchards. The statistical analyses showed that pH was the main factor shaping the community structure. Moreover, high co-occurrence patterns of bacteria and fungi were confirmed in both wheat fields and orchards. Network analyses showed that both the wheat fields and orchards occurred modular structure, which mainly contained nodes of Acidobacteriota, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadota, Nitrospirota and Ascomycota. In summary, our work showed the co-occurrence network and the convergence/divergence of microbial community structure in wheat fields and orchards, giving a comprehensive understanding of the microbe-microbe interaction during planting methods changes.
[68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT in The Staging of Gastric Cancer: Improved Diagnostic Efficacy Confirmed By Postoperative Histopathology
Authors: Lin Rong , Lin Zefang , Chen Zhenying , Zheng Shan , Zhang Jiaying , Zang Jie , Miao Weibing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose

This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [18F]-FDG PET/CT in the primary and metastatic lesions of gastric cancer.
Methods

Fifty-six patients with histologically proven gastric carcinomas were enrolled in this study. Each patient underwent both [18F]-FDG and [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT within one week. Activity of tracer accumulation in lesions were assessed by maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and TBR (lesions SUVmax/ ascending aorta SUVmean). Histological work-up including immunohistochemical staining for FAP served as a standard of reference.
Results

[68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT is superior in detecting primary tumors both in patient-based (100% [45/45] vs. 97.8% [44/45]) and lesion-based analyses (97.8% [45/46] vs. 95.7% [44/46]), showing higher SUVmax (10.25 vs. 8.13, P = 0.004) and TBR (11.63 vs. 5.83, P < 0.001), compared with [18F]-FDG PET/CT. The specificity and positive predictive value of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI were significantly higher than that of [18F]-FDG (100.0% vs. 97.7%, P < 0.001; 100.0% vs. 57.1%, P = 0.001) in determining the lymph node (LN) metastases. [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT was superior to [18F]-FDG PET/CT in N-staging (47.1% [8/17] vs. 23.5% [4/17]), and in evaluation for LN, peritoneum and bone metastases. [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT detected positive recurrent lesions in all patients and showed more positive lesions and clearer tumor delineation. Two patients underwent follow-up [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT scans after chemotherapy, which both showed remission.
Conclusions

[68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT can better detect primary gastric cancer and metastatic lesions in peritoneum, abdominal LNs and bone, showing high usefulness in guiding N staging. Furthermore, [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT provides more information for patients with recurrence detection and also has great potential in monitoring response to treatment.
Phacoemulsification Without Hydro-procedure: A Novel Technique to Deal with Posterior Polar Cataracts.
Authors: Bardoloi Narayan , Sarkar Sandip , Das Himanshu , Burgute Pankaj Suresh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To describe a new phacoemulsification technique without hydro-procedures in patients of posterior polar cataract (PPC) and determine the posterior capsular rate (PCR) and postoperative outcomes.Methods: After capsulorhexis, we insert the phacoemulsification probe inside the eye and shave the cortex and epinucleus within the capsulorhexis area. Then the phaco probe is buried deep into the center, and an anteroposterior crack is fashioned. Then the probe is placed at 7’ o clock to chop away a triangular piece of the nucleus. A similar maneuver is done at a 4' o clock position to take out another piece. The phacoemulsification tip and the chopper are now positioned at the cracked site of the lower fragments. Using the 2 instruments, the fragments are now pushed away and easily emulsified.Results: We conducted a retrospective study with 115 eyes of 77 patients. The mean age of the study population was 51.87 + 14.19 years (range 22-87 years). Out of 77 patients, 39 (50.64%) patients had unilateral PPC, and 38 (49.35%) had bilateral PPC. PCR occurred in 9 eyes (7.82%). Two patients had fragment drop, and only 1 (0.87%) patient was left aphakic. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at postoperative day 30 was 20/20 or better in 102 (88.69%) eyes, 20/32-20/80 was in 11(9.56%) eyes, and BCVA 20/80-20/200 was in 2 (1.73%) eyes.Conclusion: Phacoemulsification without hydro-procedure is a novel technique that can be successfully implemented in PPC cases and expect an excellent visual outcome.
Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Patients With Antiphospholipid Antibodies Based on Cluster Analysis: An 8-Year Cohort Study
Authors: Qi Wanting , Zhao Jiuliang , Huang Can , Jiang Nan , Li Jing , Wu Chanyuan , Zhang Shangzhu , Hu Chaojun , Xu Dong , Wang Qian , Li Mengtao , Tian Xinping , Zhao Yan , Zeng Xiaofeng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) positivity with a wide manifestation spectrum. A risk stratification is needed for management guidance and prognosis assessment. We aimed to identify phenotypes among aPL-positive patients and assess the prognosis of each phenotype.Methods: This was a single-center, prospective cohort study of aPL-positive patients presented to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2012 to 2020. Demographic characteristics, aPL-related manifestations, cardiovascular risk factors and antibodies profiles were recorded. The primary endpoint was defined as a combination of newly-onset thrombosis, major bleeding events, non-criteria manifestations and all-cause death. Hierarchical cluster analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were performed.Results: Four clusters among 383 patients (70.2% female; mean age 37.7 years) were identified. Cluster 1 (n=138): patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and non-criteria manifestations; Cluster 2 (n=112): patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors; Cluster 3 (n=83): female patients with obstetric morbidity; Cluster 4 (n=50): patients with isolated lupus anticoagulant (LA) positivity.Non-criteria manifestations were found aggregated with SLE from cluster analysis of variables. Cluster 3 showed the best outcome, while cluster 2 suffered highest frenquency of newly-onset arterial thrombosis.Conclusions: We identified 4 clinical phenotypes of aPL-positive patients. Non-criteria manifestations may indicate underlying SLE, for which immunosuppressive therapy besides anticoagulation may be necessary. Patients with isolated LA positivity suffered similar risks with secondary APS and patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Attention should be paid to male patients, and the screening of cardiovascular risk factors should never be ignored.
Periodically kicked feedforward chains of simple excitable FitzHugh-Nagumo neurons
Authors: Ambrosio B. , Mintchev S.M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article communicates results on regular depolarization cascades in periodically-kicked feedforward chains of excitable two-dimensional FitzHugh-Nagumo systems driven by sufficiently strong excitatory forcing at the front node. The study documents a parameter exploration by way of changes to the forcing period, upon which the dynamics undergoes a transition from simple depolarization to more complex behavior, including the emergence of mixed-mode oscillations. Both rigorous studies and careful numerical observations are presented. In particular, we provide rigorous proofs for existence and stability of periodic traveling waves of depolarization, as well as the existence and propagation of a simple mixed-mode oscillation that features depolarization and refraction in alternating fashion. Detailed numerical investigation reveals a mechanism for the emergence of complex mixed-mode oscillations featuring a potentially high number of large amplitude voltage spikes interspersed by an occasional small amplitude reset that fails to cross threshold. Further careful numerical investigation provides insights into the propagation of this complex phenomenology in the downstream, where we see an effective filtration property of the network; the latter amounts to a successive reduction in the complexity of mixed-mode oscillations down the chain.
A Novel Variant of SMARCB1 in Rare Familial Schwannomatosis Identified by Whole-Exome Sequencing and Genotype-Phenotype Correlation Analysis.
Authors: Wang Conghui , Chai Yuqiong , Zhao Xuechao , Li Qianqian , Chen Chen , Kong Xiangdong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Variants in the tumor suppressor gene SMARCB1 could cause different conditions. In some cases, germline and somatic variants in SMARCB1 are implemented in schwannomatosis. But the genotype and phenotype correlation for variants in SMARCB1 has not been determined.Methods: A Chinese schwannomatosis family with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern was recruited. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to discover the causative variant, followed by Sanger sequencing. We evaluated the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) regarding SMARCB1 variants and validated associated phenotype records to assess phenotype-genotype relationships. Results: A novel deletion variant c.885_896delGAAGCTGTGCTC p.(295_299del） in SMARCB1 was identified in the affected family members and cosegregated with phenotypes in the pedigree. About 51.1% of variants in SMARCB1 located in Snf5 subunit, 80.7% of variants were loss-of-function (LOF) variants, and more variants located in the Snf5 subunit of SMARCB1 in Rhabdoid tumour (67.8%) than that in schwannomatosis (25.7%).Conclusions: Our study expands the variant spectrum of SMARCB1 and the genetic background of schwannomatosis, confirms the clinical indications for genetic screening of the SMARCB1 gene, and has implications for genetic counseling in this disease.