bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Qualitative Study Exploring Teachers’ Attitudes towards Breastfeeding Education in Family and Consumer Science Classrooms
Authors: Singletary Nicola , Bruce Jackie , Goodell L. Suzanne , Fogleman April 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Research shows that some school-aged children have considered infant feeding choices for when they become parents and are interested in learning about breastfeeding in school. Despite recommendations to include infant feeding education in secondary school classrooms, teachers’ practices and attitudes regarding this topic have been the subject of minimal research. The purpose of this study was to explore North Carolina (NC) family and consumer sciences (FCS) teachers’ infant feeding education practices and their views on incorporating breastfeeding education in the curriculum. Methods: The study used a purposeful sample of 19 teachers who participated in semi-structured qualitative telephone interviews exploring their attitudes and practices relating to infant feeding education. We transcribed and analyzed the interviews using the constant comparative method through the lens of the theory of planned behavior. Results: Teachers had predominantly positive attitudes towards the inclusion of breastfeeding education in high school parenting, child development, and nutrition courses, citing the need to normalize breastfeeding and support students’ ability to make informed choices when they become parents as justification. Teachers’ social norms included concerns about parents’ and administrators’ views on the appropriateness of the content and apprehension about negative student responses. Perceived behavioral controls included student maturity, teachers’ own experiences and comfort with infant feeding, and the view that curriculum guidelines limit content selection. Conclusions: The results of this study can be used in the development and implementation of secondary school education programs that increase knowledge about infant feeding and positive attitudes towards breastfeeding for all members of the community. Teachers’ concerns should be addressed in the implementation of these programs.
Synthesis of Lapachol-Based Glycosides and Glycosyl Triazoles with Antiproliferative Activity Against Several Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Ottoni Flaviano Melo , Marques Lucas Bonfim , Ribeiro Juliana Martins , Franco Lucas Lopardi , Filho José Dias Souza , Pádua Rodrigo Maia , Souza-Fagundes Elaine Maria , Alves Ricardo José 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Lapachol (1), a natural naphthoquinone, presents several biological activities including antitumor activity, used as anticancer coadjuvant whose use was abandoned because of adverse effects. Herein, we reported the synthesis and cytotoxicity evaluation against cancer cell lines of a series of Oglycosides and glycosyl triazoles derived from lapachol. In addition to the determination of IC50, the DNA fragmentation and clonogenicity were also evaluated. The glycoside derived from D-glucose (5) was far more active than lapachol (1) and more active in tumor cell lines HL60, Jurkat, THP-1 and MDA-MB-231 than to the non-tumoral PBMC cell line, indicating an improvement in activity and selectivity as compared with lapachol (1). Compound 5 and the glycosides derived from D-galactose (14), D-N-acetylglucosamine (15) and L-fucose (16) showed good results in the DNA fragmentation and clonogenicity assays in the studies of subdiploid DNA content, indicating a pro-apoptotic potential and a good antiproliferative activity of these glycosides.
The Reduction of 1st Metatarsal Plantar Pressures With a Novel Offloading Device (the Mandakini) in a Singaporean Population
Authors: Lee Melissa Yan Ting , Kong Pui Wah , Tunprasert Thanaporn 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
AimsThere is an overall lack of affordable and accessible offloading modalities for diabetic foot ulceration. The Mandakini is a cheap offloading device made-up of gloves. This study aims to investigate its effectiveness in reducing plantar pressures compared to 7mm semi-compressed felt (SCF) and barefoot walking. Materials and methodsPlantar pressures of 30 healthy staff from a local hospital in Singapore were captured under three offloading conditions – the Mandakini, SCF and barefoot walking (control). Peak pressure (PP), pressure-time integral (PTI) and contact time (CT) at the 1st metatarsal and its surrounding regions were analysed. Participants rated their comfort levels in each condition on a visual analogue scale from 1 to 10.Results Statistically significant reductions in PP and PTI of 43 ± 12 kPa (14%) and 14 ± 4 kPa.s (16%) respectively were observed at the 1st metatarsal with the Mandakini compared to control (p=0.001, p=0.002). Reductions were however significantly lower than SCF which reduced PP and PTI by 83 ± 11 kPa (28%) and 28 ± 3 kPa.s (33%) respectively compared to control (p<0.001, p<0.001). No statistically significant difference in CT was observed with the Mandakini compared to control (p=0.499). Comfort levels were not significantly different between the Mandakini and SCF with means 5.7 ± 1.8 and 6.2 ± 2.1 respectively (p=0.257). Conclusion This study highlights the Mandakini’s potential in providing cost-effective offloading through pressure redistribution. Nonetheless, in barefoot conditions, SCF should remain the preferred modality. Future pressure studies on patients with diabetes will provide better representations of the Mandakini’s effectiveness on the target population.
Trends in Malaria Indicators After Scale-Up of Community-Based Malaria Management in Afghanistan
Authors: Mahmoodi Sayed Daoud , Atarud Abdul Alim , Sadiqi Ahmad Walid , Gallalee Sarah , McFarland Willi , Aynie Temesgen Birara , Nahzat Mohmmad Sami , Hamid Hamida , Qader Ghulam Qader , Tamim Shoaib , Mirzazadeh Ali 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The Community-Based Malaria Management (CBMM) strategy, introduced in 2013 and expanded to all health facilities and health posts in Afghanistan by 2016, aimed to deliver rapid diagnostic testing and more timely treatment to all communities nationwide. In this study, we compared the trends in several malaria outcome indicators before and after the expansion of the CBMM strategy.Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis of surveillance data Methods: Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models with a Poisson distribution were used to assess trends of three key outcomes before (2012-2015) and after (2016-2019) CBMM expansion. These outcomes were annual malaria incidence rate (both all and confirmed malaria incidence), malaria death rate, and malaria test positivity rate. Additional variables assessed included annual blood examination rates (ABER) and malaria confirmation rate.Results: Average malaria incidence rates decreased from 13.1 before CBMM expansion to 10.0 per 1000 persons per year after CBMM expansion (P<0.001). The time period after CBMM was expanded witnessed a 339% increase in confirmed malaria incidence as compared to the period before (IRR 3.39, 95% CI 2.18, 5.27; P<0.001). In the period since the expansion of CBMM (2016-2019), overall malaria incidence rate declined by 19% each year (IRR 0.81, 95% CI 0.71,0.92; P=0.001) and the malaria death rate declined by 85% each year (IRR 0.15, 95% CI 0.12, 0.20; P<0.001). In comparing the before period to the after period, the ABER increased from 2.3 to 3.5 per 100 person/year, the malaria test positivity rate increased from 12.2% to 20.5%, and the confirmation rate increased from 21% before to 71% after CBMM.Conclusions: Afghanistan’s CBMM expansion to introduce rapid diagnostic tests and provide more timely treatment for malaria through all levels of care temporally correlates with significant improvement in multiple indicators of malaria control.
Prognostic Significance of Tumor–infiltrating Lymphocytes and Androgen Receptors in Patients with Early Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Vuger Ana Tečić , Šeparović Robert , Šitić Sanda , Vazdar Ljubica , Pavlović Mirjana , Vrbanec Damir 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aims

This study aimed to investigate the association between tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and androgen receptors (AR) and to assess their impact on early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) prognosis. Previous studies analyzed only stromal TIL (sTIL) and intratumoral (ITIL), while this study includes an additional spatial analysis for TIL in central tumor (CT) and invasive margin (IM) compartments and correlation with AR expression and overall survival (OS).
Methods

A retrospective cohort study encompassing 152 early TNBC tissue samples from patients treated at a tertiary oncologic center between 2009 and 2012. TIL and AR were assessed using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples, using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. AR-positive tumors were considered those with ≥ 1% nuclear-stained cells.
Results

High TIL indicators were found to be positive prognostic factors. Although AR was not an independent prognostic factor, its interactions with sTIL and ITIL at IM impacted OS. Positive AR along with high sTIL and ITIL in IM were associated with favorable OS (HR for sTIL 0.22; 95%CI 0.05–0.97; p = 0.045 and HR for ITIL 0.10; 95%CI 0.01–0.78; p = 0.028).
Conclusion

Spatial morphological analysis of TIL reveals an additional prognostic value when combined with AR status, and shows a clinically significant impact on OS in early TNBC.
UV-Visible Characterization of Zinc and Potassium Zinc Pyrophosphate
Authors: Said Rahma Ben , Moutia N. , Louati B. , Guidara K. , Khirouni K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
New Zn2P2O7, K2ZnP2O7 and KZn1.5P2O7 compounds were synthesized with conventional solid solid reaction method. The optical properties have been studied by using UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The optical band gaps (Eg) were found to be 3.76 eV, 3.39 eV and 3.59eV respectively. Optical parameters such as refractive index, Cauchy’s parameters and conductivity were deduced. The refractive index fitting in the visible range and the dispersion parameters (E0 and Ed) of these compounds were estimated using the Wemple–DiDomenico model.
Publication Trends Related to Social Capital and Governance: Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Baharuddin Tawakkal , Sairin Sjafri , Qodir Zuly , Jubba Hasse 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This article analyzes the trend of publications related to social capital with governance. This study used bibliometric analysis with the data source coming from the research database, called Scopus. The analytical tool used was Vosviewer analysis software. Vosviewer assisted the process of determining the calculated weights and selection of relevant published documents. The findings of this study indicated that the concept of social capital was to analyze proper governance systems by assessing aspects of networking, collaboration, and trust in the relationship between the private sector, the community, and the government. Several new topics in research publications have been experiencing a reasonably good trend that is rarely studied, including conflict resolution and co-management. These two themes are relatively new, especially in social capital. In addition to these themes, general themes in research publications were found, including coastal protection, environmental, climate change, and network governance. These themes are rarely published but still considered important in influencing other research publication trends to date. The contribution of this research is deemed critical to the development of research on social capital with governance systems. A bibliometric analysis approach in this study can influence subsequent studies in compiling and shaping the contribution position.
Spatial distribution of heavy metals in surface sediments of Kalametiya Lagoon in southern Sri Lanka; insight towards pollution status and socio-economic interactions
Authors: Kodikara Sunanda , Tiemoory Hossein , De Silva Mangala Chathura , Ranasinghe Pathmasiri , Somasiri Sudarshana , Madarasinghe Sanduni K , Gunathilake Udara , Danaee M , LP Jayatissa , Julian Andruie , DAHDOUH-GUEBAS Farid 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) pollution has become a serious threat to coastal aquatic ecosystems. This study, therefore, aimed at assessing the spatial distribution of selected heavy metals/metalloids including Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), and Mercury (Hg) in surface sediment (0–15 cm) samples collected across Kalametiya Lagoon in southern Sri Lanka. Forty-one (41) grid points of the lagoon were sampled and the sediment samples were analyzed for HM content by using ICP-MS. A questionnaire survey was carried out to investigate the possible sources for HM pollution in Kalametiya Lagoon. Water pH and salinity showed significant variation across the lagoon. Overall mean value of pH and salinity were 6.68 ± 0.17 and 2.9 ± 2.2 PSU respectively. The spatial distribution of the heavy metals was not monotonic and showed a highly spatial variation. The kernel density maps of the measured heavy metals demarcated several different areas of the lagoon. The mean contents of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb were lower than that of threshold effect level (TEL) however, higher for Hg at the North Inlet. Nevertheless, it was still lower than potential effect level (PEL). Socio-economic interactions have dramatically reduced during the past two decades. Industrial sewage, river suspended sediments and agrochemicals such as fertilizers, pesticides were reportedly identified as the possible sources for heavy metal loads. Accumulation of toxic heavy metals can be minimized by detouring the water inflow to the lagoon.
Survival in critically ill pediatric surgical patients with elevated PYMS and caloric deficit
Authors: Morales Taymi Castro , Portelles Alfredo Carlos Rodriguez , Assa Alberto Ruben Piriz , Romulo Arianna Maite Cespedes 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The nutritional counseling of the critical surgical pediatric patient is complex, it requires nutritional monitoring tools to improve their survival. The Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS) is highly valid for determining nutritional risk. In Cuba there are no comparative studies on survival and PYMS. Objective: To determine survival in pediatric surgical patients with high PYMS and caloric deficit. Methods: An observational, prospective, cross-sectional and survival study was carried out in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of the Octavio de la Concepción de la Pedraja Pediatric Hospital, Holguín, Cuba, in the period from January 2018 to January 2019. analyzed 21 demographic and nutritional variables. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for the bivariate variables. Kaplan Mier survival curves and ROC curves were created to determine optimal cut-off points for mortality. Results: All patients who did not survive presented high PYMS (p = 0.001) log Rank: X2 10.5, the patients with better caloric adequacy had better survival (p = 0.513) log Rank: X2 0.428 but without statistical significance. The area under the curve to determine mortality according to the PYMS score was higher (0.891) than caloric deficit (0.468) with a sensitivity of 1 and a specificity of 0.66. Conclusions: The survival of critical surgical pediatric patients with high PYMS and caloric deficit was determined. The non-survivors of the study had an elevated PYMS. The PYMS score is a better predictor of mortality than the caloric deficit. Demonstrating its excellent utility in advising nutritional risk in pediatric intensive care.
Prognostic Outcomes in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Without Standard Modifiable Risk Factors: A Multi-Ethnic Study Of 8680 Asian Patients
Authors: Kong Gwyneth , Chew Nicholas WS , Ng Cheng Han , Ho Yeung Jek , Mai Aaron ST , Lim Oliver ZH , Ambhore Anand , Ng Gavin , Kong William , Poh Kian-Keong , Foo Roger , Yip James , Yeo Tiong-Cheng , Low Adrian Fatt-Hoe , Lee Chi-Hang , Chan Mark Yan-Yee , Tan Huay-Cheem , Loh Poay-Huan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
IMPORTANCEThere are growing concerns that patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) without standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (SMuRFs), including hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and smoking, have increased mortality.OBJECTIVEThis study examined the outcomes of ACS in patients without SMuRFs (termed SMuRF-less) in a multi-ethnic Asian population which remains unknown.DESIGNThis retrospective study was conducted from 1st January 2011 to 31st March 2021.SETTINGThis study was conducted in a tertiary healthcare institution in Singapore.PARTICIPANTSConsecutive patients presenting with ACS disease were recruited in the study.EXPOSUREThe outcomes of SMuRF-less patients were compared with SMuRF patients.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was cardiovascular mortality. Secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality, readmission, cardiogenic shock, stroke and heart failure. Multivariable regression analysis adjusted for covariates including age, sex, ethnicity, chronic kidney disease, ACS type, cardiac arrest, and left main and/or left anterior descending coronaryRESULTSOf the 8680 patients studied, 8.6% were SMuRF-less patients. SMuRF-less patients were significantly younger and had fewer comorbidities including stroke and chronic kidney disease, but higher rates of ventricular arrhythmias and inotropic or invasive ventilation requirement compared to the SMuRF group. Multivariable analysis showed higher rates of cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.09–1.86, p=0.048), cardiogenic shock (RR: 1.31, 95% CI 1.09–1.52, p=0.015) and stroke (RR: 2.51, 95% CI 1.67–3.34, p=0.030) in SMuRF-less patients compared to SMuRF patients. Both groups had similar readmission (RR: 1.10, 95% CI 0.87–1.39, p=0.413) and heart failure (RR: 0.82, 95% CI 0.56–1.21, p=0.326) rates. Kaplan-Meier curve showed higher 30-day cardiovascular mortality in the SMuRF-less group compared to SMuRF group (HR: 1.84, 95% CI 1.45-2.33, p<0.001), with similar significant trends found in men, STEMI patients, and the three Asian ethnicities. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCEAlthough the proportion of ACS patients without standard risk factors in our Asian population is lower than those reported in the West, they also have worse short-term mortality compared to those with SMuRF. This calls for a global focus on the management of this unexpectedly high-risk subgroup of patients.
Dexmedetomidine Reduces IL-4 and IgE Expression Through Downregulation of TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway to Alleviate Airway Hyperresponsiveness in OVA Mice
Authors: Zhi Juan , Duan Qirui , Wang Qian yu , Du Xiyu , Yang Dong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Asthma is a disease that affects health worldwide. It is characterised by inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. Because airway hyperreactivity can occur in other diseases, perioperative airway hyperreactivity is more insidious and widespread than in asthma and has serious implications that need to be addressed urgently. The use of dexmedetomidine in acute asthma and lung protection has been reported, but the exact mechanism is unclear. Objective: To investigate the effectiveness and mechanisms associated with dexmedetomidine in airway hyperresponsiveness.Methods: Forty BALB/c female mice were randomly divided into five groups: group K (blank group), group A (asthma group), group HD (asthma + dexmedetomidine treatment group), group TH (asthma + yohimbine group) and group HT (asthma + dexmedetomidine + yohimbine group), and the airway resistance of group K, group A and group HD were analysed by invasive airway resistance assay, ELISA assay, immunohistochemistry and q-PCR, respectively. Airway resistance; IL-4 and IgE levels in serum and BLAF; and IL-4, IL-13, Muc5AC, NFκB, TLR2, TLR4 and TSLP1 protein levels in lung tissues of the 5 groups were analysed by invasive airway resistance assay, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and qPCR. Results: Compared with group A, there were statistical differences in airway resistance (P < 0.05); LIL-4 and IgE (P < 0.05) in serum and BLAF; and Muc5AC, TLR4 and NFκB protein contents (P < 0.05) in lung tissues in the HD group. Conclusion: 1. Dexmedetomidine can attenuate airway hyperresponsiveness in the OVA asthma model; 2. Dexmedetomidine reduced the production of IL-4 and IgE by down-regulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing the lung inflammatory response and airway hyperresponsiveness in the OVA-induced asthma model.
As Escolhas Contábeis na Mensuração de Ativos Biológicos estão Associadas ao Perfil do Profissional Contábil?
Authors: Cavalheiro Rafael Todescato , Gimenes Régio Marcio Toesca , Binotto Erlaine 
Published: September 2021

Com a entrada em vigor da IAS 41 no Brasil, a discricionariedade das escolhas contábeis relativas a mensuração de ativos biológicos se apresenta como um desafio para os profissionais contábeis e para as entidades que atuam no setor do agronegócio, sendo este, um enriquecido campo de pesquisa para a Contabilidade. Nesse sentido, esse estudo tem por objetivo identificar as escolhas contábeis no contexto da mensuração de ativos biológicos e verificar se tais escolhas estão associadas ao perfil dos profissionais que os mensuram. O levantamento das escolhas contábeis foi realizado mediante a aplicação de questionário enviado a uma amostra de empresas do setor sucroenergético brasileiro e a referida associação foi testada por meio do teste exato de Fisher com nível de significância fixado em 5%. Obteve-se 32 respostas válidas que permitem inferir uma associação significativa entre o tempo de experiência do profissional na mensuração de ativos biológicos e as escolhas contábeis relativas a avaliação desses ativos, especificamente quanto a definição do método de mensuração, da taxa de desconto, do horizonte de projeção dos fluxos de caixa, do coeficiente beta e da consideração ou não do risco país na definição do custo do capital próprio das empresas componentes da amostra. Essa associação contribui para o debate, no sentido de que, não só o background cultural individual dos profissionais, mas a experiência e o know-how, podem explicar as escolhas contábeis.
Лексичко-семантичко поље „породица” и словенске посесивне форме
Authors: Маројевић Рaдмило Н. 
Published: September 2021

У овом раду разматрају се посесивне форме у лексичко -семантичком пољу „породично -сроднички односи”, и то: а) посесивни суфикс -ьńь, б) атрибутивне посесивне категорије, посесиви у значењу припадања и посесиви у значењу посједовања, в) посесивне изведенице у кругу имена по мужу и г) посесивне изведенице у кругу женских патронима. Помоћу суфикса -ьńь лексичко -семантичко поље „породично -сроднички односи” добило је и специфично граматичко обиљежје.
Self-forming dynamic membrane filtration for drinking water treatment
Authors: Celik Suna Ozden , Tufekci Nese , Koyuncu Ismail 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Lab-scale continuous operation of self-forming microfiltration (MF) or ultrafiltration (UF) dynamic membranes were investigated simultaneously by applying iron oxide as an alternative treatment option in those waters having natural organic matter (NOM), iron and manganese. Both dynamic membranes gave high removal rates and effluent concentrations of pollutants were below the limit values in synthetic water. 60 and 62% (of DOC) and 75 and 78% (of UV254) were removed in low dissolved organic carbon (DOC) synthetic (LS) water by MF and UF dynamic membranes, respectively. Although only 42 and 49% (of DOC) and 48 and 53% (of UV254) could be removed by MF and UF dynamic membranes, respectively, a remarkable effect on fouling alleviation was observed in high DOC synthetic (HS) water. Iron oxide did not enhance the removal of organic matter in low DOC natural (LN) water as much as it did in synthetic water. Iron oxide led to the removal of high molecular weight organics, thus reversible fouling was reduced almost 2 orders of magnitude through both types of dynamic membranes in high DOC natural (HN) water. Reversible and irreversible resistances were reduced by iron oxide to some extent in LN water. Nevertheless the effect of iron oxide on fouling alleviation was much higher in HN rather than in LN water.