bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiomics Nomograms Based on Multi-Parametric MRI for Preoperative Differential Diagnosis of Malignant and Benign Sinonasal Tumors: A Two-Centre Study
Authors: Bi Shu-cheng , Zhang Han , Wang He-xiang , Ge Ya-qiong , Zhang Peng , Wang Zhen-chang , Hao Da-peng 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesTo investigate the efficacy of multi-parametric MRI-based radiomics nomograms for preoperative distinction between benign and malignant sinonasal tumors.MethodsData of 244 patients with sinonasal tumor (training set, n=192; test set, n=52) who had undergone pre-contrast MRI, and 101 patients who underwent post-contrast MRI (training set, n=74; test set, n=27) were retrospectively analyzed. Independent predictors of malignancy were identified and their performance were evaluated. Seven radiomics signatures (RSs) using maximum relevance minimum redundancy (mRMR), and the least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO) algorithm were established. The radiomics nomograms, comprising the clinical model and the RS algorithms were built: one based on pre-contrast MRI (RNWOC); the other based on pre-contrast and post-contrast MRI (RNWC). The performances of the models were evaluated with area under the curve (AUC), calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA) respectively.ResultsThe efficacy of the clinical model (AUC=0.81) of RNWC was higher than that of the model (AUC=0.76) of RNWOC in the test set. There was no significant difference in the AUC of radiomic algorithms in the test set. The RS-T1T2 (AUC=0.74) and RS-T1T2T1C (RSWC, AUC=0.81) achieved a good distinction efficacy in the test set. The RNWC and the RNWOC showed excellent distinction (AUC=0.89 and 0.82 respectively) in the test set. The DCA of the nomograms showed better clinical usefulness than the clinical models and radiomics signatures.ConclusionsThe radiomics nomograms combining the clinical model and RS can be accurately, safely and efficiently used to distinguish between benign and malignant sinonasal tumors.
Metabolic Insight Into the Neuroprotective Effect of Tao-He-Cheng-Qi (THCQ) Decoction on ICH Rats Using Untargeted Metabolomics
Authors: Yang Rui-Pei , Cai Da-Ke , Chen Yu-Xing , Gang Hai-Ning , Wei Mei , Zhu De-Quan , Li Su-Mei , Yang Jiu-Mei , Luo Si-Ni , Bi Xiao-Li , Sun Dong-Mei 
Published: May 2021

Tao-He-Cheng-Qi decoction (THCQ) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine used to treat intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study was performed to investigate the possible neuroprotective effect of THCQ decoction on secondary brain damage in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage and to elucidate the potential mechanism based on a metabolomics approach. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups: the sham group, collagenase-induced ICH model group, THCQ low-dose (THCQ-L)-treated group, THCQ moderate-dose (THCQ-M)-treated group and THCQ high-dose (THCQ-H)-treated group. Following 3 days of treatment, behavioral changes and histopathological lesions in the brain were estimated. Untargeted metabolomics analysis with multivariate statistics was performed by using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS). THCQ treatment at two dosages (5.64 and 11.27 g/kg·d) remarkably improved behavior (p &lt; 0.05), brain water content (BMC) and hemorheology (p &lt; 0.05) and improved brain nerve tissue pathology and inflammatory infiltration in ICH rats. Moreover, a metabolomic analysis demonstrated that the serum metabolic profiles of ICH patients were significantly different between the sham group and the ICH-induced model group. Twenty-seven biomarkers were identified that potentially predict the clinical benefits of THCQ decoction. Of these, 4 biomarkers were found to be THCQ-H group-specific, while others were shared between two clusters. These metabolites are mainly involved in amino acid metabolism and glutamate-mediated cell excitotoxicity, lipid metabolism-mediated oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by energy metabolism disorders. In addition, a correlation analysis showed that the behavioral scores, brain water content and hemorheology were correlated with levels of serum metabolites derived from amino acid and lipid metabolism. In conclusion, the results indicate that THCQ decoction significantly attenuates ICH-induced secondary brain injury, which could be mediated by improving metabolic disorders in cerebral hemorrhage rats.
A Survey Among Italian Physicians During COVID-19 Outbreak. Could Bacillus Calmette–Guérin Vaccine Be Effective Against SARS-CoV2?
Authors: Patella Vincenzo , Sanduzzi Alessandro , Bruzzese Dario , Florio Giovanni , Brancaccio Raffaele , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Delfino Gabriele 
Published: May 2021

Background: Epidemiological studies show that BCG-vaccinated population seems to be more likely protected from COVID-19 infection, but WHO gave a stark warning on use of BCG vaccine without confirmed COVID-19 trials. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether TB vaccination, performed several years earlier, could confer protection against COVID-19.Methods: After the Ethical Committee authorization, professional orders were used to contact physicians with an online survey. Specialty, COVID-19 infection and previous BCG vaccination were recorded. Statistical data analysis was performed.Results: 1906 physicians answered the questionnaire, (M = 1068; F = 838; mean age 50.7 ± 13.3 years; range 24–87), more than half (1062; 55.7%) experienced BCG vaccination. Professional activity was recorded, and only 49 subjects (2.6%) of them were infected by SARS-CoV2. Among the group of infected people, asymptomatic form occurred in 12 subjects (24.5%); a pauci-symptomatic form in 24 subjects (49.0%); and a severe form (pneumonia and/or respiratory distress) in 13 (26.5%). Considering only the clinically relevant form of COVID-19, period prevalence was 2.2% (23/1062) in the vaccinated group and 1.7% (14/844) in the unvaccinated group (OR: 1.31, 95% C.I.: 0.68–2.63, p = 0.427).Conclusion: Our experience does not confirm the possible protective role of BCG vaccination, performed years earlier, against COVID-19. Although recent epidemiological studies point out in BCG-vaccinated population a lower prevalence of SARS-CoV2 infection, in our cohort of physicians no significant difference was found in terms of prevalence of COVID-19 infection. Our data underline the necessity to follow the WHO warning about the indiscriminate use of BCG vaccine, until clear evidence of protection by BCG vaccination against COVID-19 is fully demonstrated.
Amphetamine Induces Oxidative Stress, Glial Activation and Transient Angiogenesis in Prefrontal Cortex via AT1-R
Authors: Basmadjian Osvaldo M. , Occhieppo Victoria B. , Marchese Natalia A. , Silvero C. M. Jazmin , Becerra María Cecilia , Baiardi Gustavo , Bregonzio Claudia 
Published: May 2021

Background: Amphetamine (AMPH) alters neurons, glia and microvessels, which affects neurovascular unit coupling, leading to disruption in brain functions such as attention and working memory. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in these alterations. The angiotensin type I receptors (AT1-R) mediate deleterious effects, such as oxidative/inflammatory responses, endothelial dysfunction, neuronal oxidative damage, alterations that overlap with those observed from AMPH exposure.Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the AT1-R role in AMPH-induced oxidative stress and glial and vascular alterations in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate the involvement of AT1-R in the AMPH-induced short-term memory and working memory deficit.Methods: Male Wistar rats were repeatedly administered with the AT1-R blocker candesartan (CAND) and AMPH. Acute oxidative stress in the PFC was evaluated immediately after the last AMPH administration by determining lipid and protein peroxidation. After 21 off-drug days, long-lasting alterations in the glia, microvessel architecture and to cognitive tasks were evaluated by GFAP, CD11b and von Willebrand immunostaining and by short-term and working memory assessment.Results: AMPH induced acute oxidative stress, long-lasting glial reactivity in the PFC and a working memory deficit that were prevented by AT1-R blockade pretreatment. Moreover, AMPH induces transient angiogenesis in PFC via AT1-R. AMPH did not affect short-term memory.Conclusion: Our results support the protective role of AT1-R blockade in AMPH-induced oxidative stress, transient angiogenesis and long-lasting glial activation, preserving working memory performance.
Physical Activity, Boredom and Fear of COVID-19 Among Adolescents in Germany
Authors: Bösselmann Vincent , Amatriain-Fernández Sandra , Gronwald Thomas , Murillo-Rodríguez Eric , Machado Sergio , Budde Henning 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundThe effectiveness of physical activity (PA) as an intervention against anxiety disorders and depression is undeniable in clinical psychology. Therefore, the question arose whether these effects also occur when a fear stimulus, like the COVID-19 pandemic, affects otherwise healthy adolescents. Boredom is closely linked to symptoms of fear and anxiety, but the connection between PA, boredom and fear is partly unclear.MethodsA cross-sectional online study was conducted that involved 122 students. Participants were 13–19 years old (Mage = 15.83, SD = 1.73). The survey was available online from April 27th to May 3rd, 2020. At this time, schools in Germany had already been closed for 6 weeks. A self-report questionnaire was used to measure physical activity, boredom, and fear of COVID-19. A multiple linear regression model was conducted.ResultsThe reported fear of COVID-19 significantly correlates with total PA, quantity of strenuous PA, and boredom. Furthermore, a significant regression equation was found. The variables boredom, PA, and age contribute significantly to predicting the fear of COVID-19 [R2 = 0.127, F(3,118) = 6.876, p &lt; 0.000], among adolescents.ConclusionOur results indicate that there is an association between PA, boredom and the quarantine experience of adolescents. Students who were physically more active, especially with strenuous intensity, did not feel bored and showed less fear of COVID-19.
Stakeholder-Guided Development of Dialysis Vascular Access Education Materials
Authors: Dorough Adeline , Narendra Julia H. , Wilkie Caroline , Hegde Akhil , Swain Kawan , Chang Emily H. , Oliver Terence , Flythe Jennifer E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Key Points

Guided by 105 stakeholders, we developed mixed-media vascular access education materials that acknowledge common patient concerns.Preliminary findings suggest that the education materials are promising to improve vascular access understanding among patients.

Background
Initiating hemodialysis via an arteriovenous (AV) access is considered best practice for most patients. Despite the well-recognized advantages of AV access, 80% of US patients start hemodialysis with a catheter. Limited patient knowledge about vascular access, among other factors, may play a role in this high rate. We used iterative stakeholder input to develop novel, mixed media vascular access education materials and evaluated their preliminary acceptability.

Methods
We conducted preliminary focus groups and interviews with key stakeholders to assess patient vascular access understanding and elicit perspectives on existing education materials. We then used stakeholder input to inform initial development and iterative updates to the content and design of an animated video and complementary brochure. Video development (scripting, storyboarding, animation) was guided by an evidence-based framework and two health behavior change models. We assessed acceptability of the completed materials with patients and medical providers/personnel via interviews.

Results
Overall, 105 stakeholders participated in education materials development and review (80 patients/care partners, 25 medical providers/personnel). Preliminary qualitative work included 52 patients/care partners and 16 providers/personnel; video development included 28 patients/care partners and nine providers/personnel. The video script, storyboards, and animation underwent 14, four, and nine stakeholder-guided iterations, respectively. Responsive changes included aesthetic modifications, technical updates, and content additions (e.g., HD circuit, access self-monitoring, enhanced patient testimonials). The final 18-minute video and complementary brochure define vascular access types, describe care processes, outline potential complications, and address common patient concerns. Interviews with 28 patients/care partners and nine providers/personnel from diverse geographic regions revealed preliminary acceptability of, and enthusiasm for, the materials by patients and providers.

Conclusions
In collaboration with key stakeholders, we developed mixed media vascular access education materials that were well-received by patients and providers. Preliminary findings suggest that the materials are promising to improve vascular access understanding among patients.
ANALISIS USAHA TERNAK BABI DI KECAMATAN SONDER KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Sarajar Marsel J , Elly F H , Wantasen E , Umboh S J.K 
Published: May 2021

ANALYSIS OF PIG FARMING IN SONDERDISTRICTMINAHASA REGENCY. Pigs are developed by the community in Minahasa Regency as a business that supports the livestock farmers' economy. The development of pig farming in this area was carried out in order to increase consumption of animal protein. The problem is that the development of pig farms is not continuous and there have not known factors that influence pork production. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing production factors that influence the production of pig farming in Sonder District, Minahasa Regency. Survey method was used with direct observation in the field. Sources of data collected are primary and secondary data. Location samples and respondents were determined by using of Cluster Random Sampling metho. Data analysis was conducted by useing descriptive analysis. The results showed that pigs were sold in the form of seeds (starter period pigs) and pork per kg. The price of seeds is Rp. 900,000 per head and the price of pork is Rp. 60,000 per kg. Based on the study results showed that the factors such as feed, labor and cage simultaneously had a significant effect on pig production. Keywords: Pigs, cages, labor, feed
DIVERSIFIKASI OLAHAN IKAN PADA WANITA KAUM IBU GPIJS KOTA BITUNG PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Dotulong Verly , Montolalu Lita 
Published: May 2021

Ikan mengandung protein yang tinggi , murah harganya, mudah diperoleh dan halal untuk semua golongan ditinjau dari segi kesehatan maupun agama, oleh karena itu Gerakan Memasyarakatkan Makan Ikan (GEMARIKAN) harus dilaksanakan, salah satu cara adalah dengan melakukan diversifikasi produk olahan hasil perikanan. Berdasarkan hal ini maka FPIK Unsrat, khususnya Program Studi Teknologi Hasil Perikanan melakukan Program Kemitraan Masyarakat pada Kelompok Wanita Kaum Ibu (WKI) Gereja Pekabaran Injil Jalan Suci (GPIJS) Kota Bitung. Kelompok ini berdomisili di Kelurahan Manembo-Nembo Kecamatan Matuari, termasuk di wilayah Kota Bitung berjarak ± 51 km dari kampus Unsrat dengan Jumlah jiwa 59, sebagian besar adalah remaja dan anak-anak. Pekerjaan sambilan kepala keluarga sebagian besar adalah nelayan dengan hasil tangkapan ikan yang sering melimpah dan tidak bisa dimanfaatkan maksimal. Diversifikasi produk olahan ikan merupakan salah satu cara untuk mempertahankan mutu ikan dan meningkatkan konsumsi makan ikan terutama bagi remaja dan anak-anak untuk peningkatan gizi. Program kemitraan ini melaksanakan pelatihan dan pendampingan tentang pengolahan nugget dan kakinaga ikan layang (Decapterus sp) dengan porsi ikan 60 dan 80%. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa penerimaan konsumen terbanyak terhadap nugget dan kakinaga ikan dari segi warna, tektur, citarasa dan tingkat kesukaan ditemukan pada produk nugget dan kakinaga ikan dengan konsentrasi ikan 80%.
Perancangan Aplikasi Mobile E-Marketplace Rumah Kost (Studi Kasus : Kabupaten Karawang)
Authors: Darmansyah Darmansyah , Parpati Popi , Gunawan Rahmat 
Published: May 2021

Karawang Regency is one of the industrial estates in West Java Province In addition,there are also many universities in Karawang Regency. The number of nomands in Karawang Regency until 2018 recorded 1.7 milion inhabitans. The nomands wo live in Karawang need a temporary residence or boarding house. During this time migrants in search of boarding house information by asking friends, asking the surrounding community and visiting one by one the location of boarding houses. This method is consiidered ineffective because it takes a lot of time to get the approciate boarding house information. In this study the authors made a mobile application E-Marketpalce boarding house in Karawang Regency. The system design method in this thesis research uses the Software Deplopment Life Cycle (SDLC) method with the waterfall model. This E-Marketplace mobile application was created using a bootstrap web platform, a programming language using PHP with a Codeigniter framework, Database Management System (DBMS) using MySQL and object-oriented modeling namely Unified Modeling Language (UML). The result of this study can be conclded that by making a mobile application E-Marketplace boarding house in Karawang regency that can help to facilitate boarding owners in marketing their boarding house.
Keywords: E-Marketplace, Boarding House, Codeigniter.
Mapping Schistosoma haematobium for Novel Interventions against Female Genital Schistosomiasis and Associated HIV Risk in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Livingston Mahala , Pillay Pavitra , Zulu Siphosenkosi Gift , Sandvik Leiv , Kvalsvig Jane Dene , Gagai Silindile , Galappaththi-Arachchige Hashini Nilushika , Kleppa Elisabeth , Ndhlovu Patricia , Vennervald Birgitte , Gundersen Svein Gunnar , Taylor Myra , Kjetland Eyrun F. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract.Women with female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) have been found to have genital symptoms and a three-fold higher risk of HIV infection. Despite WHO recommendations, regular antischistosomal mass drug administration (MDA) has not yet been implemented in South Africa possibly because of the lack of updated epidemiological data. To provide data for future prevention efforts against FGS and HIV, this study explored Schistosoma haematobium prevalence in girls and young women and the effects of antischistosomal MDA, respectively. Urinary schistosomiasis and genital symptoms were investigated in 70 randomly selected secondary schools in three districts within KwaZulu-Natal and 18 primary schools. All study participants were treated for schistosomiasis, and schools with the highest urinary prevalence were followed up after 1 and 4 years of MDA. At baseline, urine analysis data showed that most schools were within the moderate-risk prevalence category where biennial antischistosomal MDA is recommended, as per WHO guidelines. Young women had high prevalence of genital symptoms (36%) after correcting for sexually transmitted infections. These symptoms may be caused by infection with schistosomes. However, FGS cannot be diagnosed by urine analysis alone. In KwaZulu-Natal rural schools, this study suggests that antischistosomal MDA with praziquantel could prevent genital symptoms in more than 200,000 young women. Furthermore, it is feasible that more than 5,000 HIV infections could be prevented in adolescent girls and young women by treatment and prevention of FGS.
Waterborne Urinary Tract Infections: Have We Overlooked an Important Source of Exposure?
Authors: Graham Jay P. , Amato Heather K. , Mendizabal-Cabrera Renata , Alvarez Danilo , Ramay Brooke M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract.The presence of intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli in drinking water is well recognized as a risk for diarrhea. The role of drinking water in extraintestinal infections caused by E. coli—such as urinary tract infections (UTIs)—remains poorly understood. Urinary tract infections are a leading cause of outpatient infections globally, with a lifetime incidence of 50–60% in adult women. We reviewed the scientific literature on the occurrence of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) in water supplies to determine whether the waterborne route may be an important, overlooked, source of UPEC. A limited number of studies have assessed whether UPEC isolates are present in drinking water supplies, but no studies have measured whether their presence in water may increase UPEC colonization or the risk of UTIs in humans. Given the prevalence of drinking water supplies contaminated with E. coli across the globe, efforts should be made to characterize UTI-related risks associated with drinking water, as well as other pathways of exposure.
Molecular Detection of Human Herpes Viruses in Suspected Measles Serum Samples from Senegal, 2014 to 2017
Authors: Jallow Mamadou Malado , Fall Amary , Wade Serigne Fallou , Fall Ndeye Sophie , Kiori Davy , Sy Sara , Sadio Bacary Djilocalisse , Diaw Yague , Goudiaby Déborah , Diop Boly , Niang Mbayame Ndiaye , Dia Ndongo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract.Herpesviruses are known to cause a diversity of clinical syndromes, ranging from minor cutaneous lesions to life-threatening illnesses, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Here, we investigate retrospectively the contribution of five human herpesviruses, including herpes simplex virus Cytomegalovirus (CMV), the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus 6, and varicella zoster virus (VZV) in serum samples collected from measles suspected patients with at least fever and rash. Sera specimens were first tested for serological evidence of measles and rubella virus infection by ELISA, and DNA extracted from an aliquot of each clinical specimen for molecular detection of human herpes viruses by RT-qPCR. A total of 3,358 specimens have been collected and tested for herpes viruses. Nearly half of the overall suspected cases were children younger than 5 years (49.4%). Of the 3,358 sera tested by ELISA, 227 (6.7%) were measles laboratory confirmed and 152 (4.5%) rubella laboratory confirmed. Herpes viruses were detected in 1763 (52.5%), and VZV was the most common with 44.3%, followed by EBV with 10.7%. Coinfections were found in 352 (20%) cases, and the most common co-detections were VZV/EBV or VZV/CMV (169 and 81 cases, respectively). A clear seasonal pattern of VZV, EBV, and CMV identification was observed, with the highest incidence between February and April each year. Results of this investigation provide more insights into cutaneous rash syndrome etiologies in patients sampled in the framework of measles/rubella surveillance in Senegal, which is useful for the guidance of both case definition revision and clinical practice as well as for public health policy.
Impact of a Measles and Rubella Vaccination Campaign on Seroprevalence in Southern Province, Zambia
Authors: Carcelen Andrea C. , Mutembo Simon , Matakala Kalumbu H. , Chilumba Innocent , Mulundu Gina , Monze Mwaka , Mwansa Francis D. , Moss William J. , Hayford Kyla 
Published: May 2021

Abstract.Zambia conducted a measles and rubella (MR) vaccination campaign targeting children 9 months to younger than 15 years of age in 2016. This campaign was the first introduction of a rubella-containing vaccine in Zambia. To evaluate the impact of the campaign, we compared the MR seroprevalence estimates from serosurveys conducted before and after the campaign in Southern Province, Zambia. The measles seroprevalence increased from 77.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 73.2–81.9) to 96.4% (95% CI, 91.7–98.5) among children younger than 15 years. The rubella seroprevalence increased from 51.3% (95% CI, 45.6–57.0) to 98.3% (95% CI, 95.5–99.4). After the campaign, slightly lower seroprevalence remained for young adults 15 to 19 years old, who were not included in the campaign because of their age. These serosurveys highlighted the significant impact of the vaccination campaign and identified immunity gaps for those beyond the targeted vaccination age. Continued monitoring of population immunity can signal the need for future targeted vaccination strategies.