bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversités sexuelles et construction nationale : Une exploration des frontières de l'homonationalisme au Québec
Authors: Lapointe Valérie , Turgeon Luc 
Published: June 2021

RésuméCet article fait l'analyse des discours homonationalistes dans un contexte qui a été peu exploré à ce jour, soit celui d'une nation minoritaire (le Québec) à l'intérieur d'un État multinational (le Canada). Dans la mesure où le nationalisme se construit souvent en opposition avec un « Autre », nous tentons de cerner qui est cet « Autre » dans l'homonationalisme québécois. En particulier, nous explorons si cet « Autre » peut également prendre la forme de la nation majoritaire par l'entremise d'une analyse d'articles publiés entre 1990 et 2017 dans différents journaux québécois (La Presse, Le Devoir et le Journal de Montréal). Nos résultats démontrent que si c'est le « Canada anglais » qui était plus susceptible dans la première moitié des années 2000 d’être « l'Autre » du nationalisme sexuel québécois, depuis la fin des années 2000, ce sont davantage les musulman/es (ici et ailleurs) et les immigrant/es qui font l'objet d'une altérisation dans les discours homonationalistes au Québec.
Nitroglycerin inhalation for acute treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Marwali Eva Miranda , Rayhan Muhammad , Roebiono Poppy S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectives:Acute pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary hypertensive crisis may result in adverse clinical outcomes if unsuccessfully treated. Inhaled nitric oxide has long been considered as the standard pharmacotherapy for acute pulmonary hypertension, but lack of feasibility in some settings and evidences challenging its benefits lead to the use of alternative treatment, amongst which is nitroglycerin inhalation. The purpose of this review article is to discuss available data on the use of nitroglycerin inhalation for acute treatment of pulmonary hypertension in children with CHD and its potential benefit in post-operative setting.Data sources:Literatures included in this review were acquired by searching in PubMed online database. Keywords used were “Pulmonary Hypertension”, “Congenital heart defects”, “Pediatrics”, “Inhaled nitroglycerin”, and its synonyms.Study selection:Title and abstract were screened to select relevant literatures including the three paediatric clinical trials on nitroglycerin inhalation. Critical appraisal of the clinical trials was then done using the University of Oxford Centre of Evidence-Based Medicine Critical Appraisal Tools.Conclusions:Paediatric studies showed the benefit of nitroglycerin inhalation in uncorrected cases of CHD during catheterisation procedures. Until recently, there have been no studies conducted in paediatric post-operative CHD cases. Further study is required to provide evidence for inhaled nitroglycerin use in this setting including the appropriate dosing and potential side effects with repeated administration,
Neurodevelopmental and psychosocial interventions for individuals with CHD: a research agenda and recommendations from the Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative
Authors: Cassidy Adam R , Butler Samantha C , Briend Jennie , Calderon Johanna , Casey Frank , Crosby Lori E , Fogel Jennifer , Gauthier Naomi , Raimondi Carol , Marino Bradley S , Sood Erica , Butcher Jennifer L 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn 2018, the Neurodevelopmental and Psychosocial Interventions Working Group of the Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative convened through support from an R13 grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute to survey the state of neurodevelopmental and psychosocial intervention research in CHD and to propose a slate of critical questions and investigations required to improve outcomes for this growing population of survivors and their families. Prior research, although limited, suggests that individualised developmental care interventions delivered early in life are beneficial for improving a range of outcomes including feeding, motor and cognitive development, and physiological regulation. Interventions to address self-regulatory, cognitive, and social-emotional challenges have shown promise in other medical populations, yet their applicability and effectiveness for use in individuals with CHD have not been examined. To move this field of research forward, we must strive to better understand the impact of neurodevelopmental and psychosocial intervention within the CHD population including adapting existing interventions for individuals with CHD. We must examine the ways in which dedicated cardiac neurodevelopmental follow-up programmes bolster resilience and support children and families through the myriad transitions inherent to the experience of living with CHD. And, we must ensure that interventions are person-/family-centred, inclusive of individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds as well as those with genetic/medical comorbidities, and proactive in their efforts to include individuals who are at highest risk but who may be traditionally less likely to participate in intervention trials.
THE RULE OF LAW AND THE LIMITS OF ANARCHY
Authors: Pavel Carmen E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAnarchy is often contrasted with law, order, or security. But anarchist societies, by which I mean societies that lack a monopoly of coercive force, need not be lawless. They can develop sophisticated legal systems that regulate the behavior of their members and protect their rights. International law, market anarchism, and other models of anarchism such as the one proposed by Chandran Kukathas already exhibit or could plausibly exhibit complex legal rules and institutions. I will show that insofar as these models rely on consent, they all share similar structural flaws, namely, that they cannot meet basic rule-of-law values such as equality before the law and access to legal remedies for wrongs that embody and respect individual moral equality, even minimally conceived. The implication of this argument is not to vindicate state-based legal systems. Rather it is to show that legal systems, state-based or not, must have a strong nonconsensual, coercive element: the process of making, applying, and enforcing law must, to some extent, be severed from consent if law is to perform its function of providing for minimal justice.
Naming in Older Adults: Complementary Auditory and Visual Assessment
Authors: Hamberger Marla J. , Heydari Nahal , Caccappolo Elise , Seidel William T. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectives:Naming difficulty is a common symptom of multiple age-related neurodegenerative disorders. As naming difficulty increases with age, valid, up-to-date naming assessment tools are crucial for differentiating between neurotypical changes in healthy aging and pathological naming difficulty. We aimed to develop and provide normative data for complementary auditory description naming and visual naming tests for older adults. Furthermore, these measures would include not only untimed accuracy, typically the sole naming performance measure, but also additional scores that incorporate features characteristic of actual word finding difficulty.Methods:A normative sample of 407 healthy older adults, aged 56–100 years, were administered the Auditory Naming Test (ANT) and Visual Naming Test (VNT), and other standardized measures.Results:Item analyses resulted in 36 stimuli for both tests. Age-stratified, education-based normative data are provided for accuracy, response time, tip-of-the-tongue (i.e., delayed, yet accurate responses plus correct responses following phonemic cueing), and multiple Summary Scores. Internal and test–retest reliability coefficients were reasonable (.59–.84). Untimed accuracy scores were high across age groups, seemingly reflecting stability of naming into late adulthood; however, time- and cue-based scores revealed reduced efficiency in word retrieval with increasing age.Conclusions:These complementary auditory and visual naming test for older adults improve upon the current standard by providing more sensitive performance measures and the addition of an auditory–verbal component for assessing naming. Detection of subtle naming changes in healthy aging holds promise for capturing symptomatic naming changes during the early stages of neurocognitive disorders involving expressive language, potentially assisting in earlier diagnoses and more timely treatment.
HF‐VHF Electromagnetic Emissions From Collisions of Sprite Streamers
Authors: Garnung M. B. , Celestin S. , Farges T. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSprites are complex transient plasma discharges that consist of many plasma filaments named streamers. They are produced high above thunderstorms. Sprites are known to produce electromagnetic radiation observed typically in the extremely low (ELF), ultra low (ULF), to as high as medium frequency (MF) radio bands. Recent research work showed that head‐on streamer collisions lead to a reinforcement of the electric field over a short time scale, typically a few picoseconds at ground‐level. The use of the similarity laws leads to a corresponding time scale on the order of a fraction of a microsecond at 50 km altitude, which opens the eventuality for HF‐VHF emissions from sprites. In this study, using a multifluid streamer model paired with an antenna model assimilating the streamer as a straight segment. We simulate head‐on collision between two streamers with opposite polarities in order to evaluate their electromagnetic emissions. We report numerical prediction of the electromagnetic signature for 50, 60, 70, and 80 km altitudes. The magnetic field radiated varies over four orders of magnitude, between less than 0.1 fT and 7 pT. Comparing the spectral density from the head‐on collision between two streamers with IME‐HF (TARANIS), ICE (DEMETER), and FORTE RF payload, we find that IME‐HF and ICE could detect these signatures. We compare these results with sensitive ground‐based instruments like the radiotelescope NenuFAR, and show that detections of such events might be possible with this type of fast and sensitive radiotelescopes.
Anomalous Increase in the Occurrence of Post‐Midnight FAI Radar Echoes in September 2019 and Its Relation With the Austral Sudden Stratospheric Warming
Authors: Meenakshi S. , Sridharan S. , Solomon Ivan J. , Hozumi K. , Yatini C. Y. , Yokoyama T. , Hashiguchi H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe F‐region observations of field aligned irregularities (FAI) by the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) at Kototabang (0.2°S, 100.3°E, 10.36°S dip latitude) show maximum percentage of occurrence (PO) of post‐midnight echoes due to spread F during boreal summer of solar minimum years. However, the PO is observed to be anomalously high during September 2019, when compared to the similar solar minimum year 2018 even after removing geomagnetically disturbed days indicating the lower atmospheric dynamical forcing. Coincidently, an austral polar sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event has occurred during September 2019, which precedes large planetary wave activity. Due to the circulation changes associated with the SSW, though the accumulation of ozone over the equatorial stratosphere is inferred from the space‐borne Sounding of the Atmosphere by Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) measurements, the expected enhancement in the amplitude of the upper mesospheric migrating semi‐diurnal tide (SW2) is not observed in SABER temperature. But there is a drastic decrease in the amplitude of the migrating diurnal tide (DW1). The enhancement of stationary diurnal tide (DS0) suggests that the DW1 may have interacted with the planetary wave of zonal wavenumber 1 to generate DS0 at the expense of the DW1 tide. It is suggested that the relative increase of SW2 over DW1 leads to the dominant semi‐diurnal variation of the zonal electric field, which can become eastward at a later time as observed in the ionosonde measurements and lift the F‐layer to higher heights creating favorable conditions for the growth of Rayleigh‐Taylor instability to generate spread F around midnight.
Effects of Bubble Injections on the Plasma Sheet Configuration
Authors: Sadeghzadeh Sina , Yang Jian , Wang Chih‐Ping , Mousavi Ameneh , Wang Wenrui , Sun Weiqin , Toffoletto Frank , Wolf Richard 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe bimodal transport in the plasma sheet consists of sunward large‐scale, coherent, and slow motion of charged particles in the closed‐field‐line region as well as meso‐scale, localized, and transient fast flow bursts. It has been found that these earthward moving bursty bulk flows, also called “bubbles,” play a crucial role not only in the transporting mass and energy, but also in resolving the pressure‐balance crisis with their integrated effects. In this study, we examine how bubbles can affect the average configuration of the middle and inner plasma sheet using the Inertialized Rice Convection Model (RCM‐I). Bubbles are sporadically imposed at on the nightside plasma sheet, with optimized parameters that constrain their statistical properties. The consequence of the injection of these series of bubbles is evaluated by comparing against observed statistical results, including plasma moments and magnetic field configuration. Our findings confirm that bursty bulk flows are indispensable elements in the magnetotail plasma sheet.
Cost-effectiveness of bariatric surgery and non-surgical weight management programmes for adults with severe obesity: a decision analysis model
Authors: Boyers D. , Retat L. , Jacobsen E. , Avenell A. , Aveyard P. , Corbould E. , Jaccard A. , Cooper D. , Robertson C. , Aceves-Martins M. , Xu B. , Skea Z. , de Bruin M. ,   and the REBALANCE team, Jacobsen E. , Boyers D. , Cooper D. , Retat L. , Aveyard P. , Stewart Fiona , MacLennan Graeme , Webber Laura , Corbould E. , Xu B. , Jaccard A. , Boyle Bonnie , Duncan Eilidh , Shimonovich Michal , Fraser Cynthia , Kemp Lara 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the most cost-effective weight management programmes (WMPs) for adults, in England with severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2), who are more at risk of obesity related diseases.MethodsAn economic evaluation of five different WMPs: 1) low intensity (WMP1); 2) very low calorie diets (VLCD) added to WMP1; 3) moderate intensity (WMP2); 4) high intensity (Look AHEAD); and 5) Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, all compared to a baseline scenario representing no WMP. We also compare a VLCD added to WMP1 vs. WMP1 alone. A microsimulation decision analysis model was used to extrapolate the impact of changes in BMI, obtained from a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of WMPs and bariatric surgery, on long-term risks of obesity related disease, costs, quality adjusted life years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) measured as incremental cost per QALY gained over a 30-year time horizon from a UK National Health Service (NHS) perspective. Sensitivity analyses explored the impact of long-term weight regain assumptions on results.ResultsRYGB was the most costly intervention but also generated the lowest incidence of obesity related disease and hence the highest QALY gains. Base case ICERs for WMP1, a VLCD added to WMP1, WMP2, Look AHEAD, and RYGB compared to no WMP were £557, £6628, £1540, £23,725 and £10,126 per QALY gained respectively. Adding a VLCD to WMP1 generated an ICER of over £121,000 per QALY compared to WMP1 alone. Sensitivity analysis found that all ICERs were sensitive to the modelled base case, five year post intervention cessation, weight regain assumption.ConclusionsRYGB surgery was the most effective and cost-effective use of scarce NHS funding resources. However, where fixed healthcare budgets or patient preferences exclude surgery as an option, a standard 12 week behavioural WMP (WMP1) was the next most cost-effective intervention.
Retrograde nerve growth factor signaling modulates tooth mechanical hyperalgesia induced by orthodontic tooth movement via acid-sensing ion channel 3
Authors: Gao Meiya , Yan Xinyu , Lu Yanzhu , Ren Linghuan , Zhang Shizhen , Zhang Xiaoqi , Kuang Qianyun , Liu Lu , Zhou Jing , Wang Yan , Lai Wenli , Long Hu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOrthodontic tooth movement elicits alveolar bone remodeling and orofacial pain that is manifested by tooth mechanical hyperalgesia. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is upregulated in periodontium and may modulate tooth mechanical hyperalgesia. The objectives were to examine the role of NGF in tooth mechanical hyperalgesia and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Tooth mechanical hyperalgesia was induced by ligating closed coil springs between incisors and molars in Sprague–Dawley rats. Retrograde labeling was performed by periodontal administration of fluor-conjugated NGF and the detection of fluorescence in trigeminal ganglia (TG). Lentivirus vectors carrying NGF shRNA were employed to knockdown the expression of NGF in TG. The administration of agonists, antagonists, and virus vectors into TG and periodontium was conducted. Tooth mechanical hyperalgesia was examined through the threshold of biting withdrawal. Our results revealed that tooth movement elicited tooth mechanical hyperalgesia that could be alleviated by NGF neutralizing antibody and that NGF was upregulated in periodontium (mainly in periodontal fibroblasts) and TG. Retrograde labeling revealed that periodontal NGF was retrogradely transported to TG after day 1. Acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) and NGF were co-expressed in trigeminal neurons and the percentage of co-expression was significantly higher following tooth movement. The administration of NGF and NGF neutralizing antibody into TG could upregulate and downregulate the expression of ASIC3 in TG, respectively. NGF aggravated tooth mechanical hyperalgesia that could be alleviated by ASIC3 antagonist (APETx2). Moreover, NGF neutralizing antibody mitigated tooth mechanical hyperalgesia that could be recapitulated by ASIC3 agonist (GMQ). NGF-based gene therapy abolished tooth mechanical hyperalgesia and downregulated ASIC3 expression. Taken together, in response to force stimuli, periodontal fibroblasts upregulated the expressions of NGF that was retrogradely transported to TG, where NGF elicited tooth mechanical hyperalgesia through upregulating ASIC3. NGF-based gene therapy is a viable method in alleviating tooth-movement-induced mechanical hyperalgesia.
A metabolome-wide association study in the general population reveals decreased levels of serum laurylcarnitine in people with depression
Authors: Zacharias Helena U. , Hertel Johannes , Johar Hamimatunnisa , Pietzner Maik , Lukaschek Karoline , Atasoy Seryan , Kunze Sonja , Völzke Henry , Nauck Matthias , Friedrich Nele , Kastenmüller Gabi , Grabe Hans J. , Gieger Christian , Krumsiek Jan , Ladwig Karl-Heinz 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDepression constitutes a leading cause of disability worldwide. Despite extensive research on its interaction with psychobiological factors, associated pathways are far from being elucidated. Metabolomics, assessing the final products of complex biochemical reactions, has emerged as a valuable tool for exploring molecular pathways. We conducted a metabolome-wide association analysis to investigate the link between the serum metabolome and depressed mood (DM) in 1411 participants of the KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Augsburg Region) F4 study (discovery cohort). Serum metabolomics data comprised 353 unique metabolites measured by Metabolon. We identified 72 (5.1%) KORA participants with DM. Linear regression tests were conducted modeling each metabolite value by DM status, adjusted for age, sex, body-mass index, antihypertensive, cardiovascular, antidiabetic, and thyroid gland hormone drugs, corticoids and antidepressants. Sensitivity analyses were performed in subcohorts stratified for sex, suicidal ideation, and use of antidepressants. We replicated our results in an independent sample of 968 participants of the SHIP-Trend (Study of Health in Pomerania) study including 52 (5.4%) individuals with DM (replication cohort). We found significantly lower laurylcarnitine levels in KORA F4 participants with DM after multiple testing correction according to Benjamini/Hochberg. This finding was replicated in the independent SHIP-Trend study. Laurylcarnitine remained significantly associated (pvalue < 0.05) with depression in samples stratified for sex, suicidal ideation, and antidepressant medication. Decreased blood laurylcarnitine levels in depressed individuals may point to impaired fatty acid oxidation and/or mitochondrial function in depressive disorders, possibly representing a novel therapeutic target.
Contribution of common risk variants to multiple sclerosis in Orkney and Shetland
Authors: Barnes Catriona L. K. , Hayward Caroline , Porteous David J. , Campbell Harry , Joshi Peter K. , Wilson James F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOrkney and Shetland, the population isolates that make up the Northern Isles of Scotland, are of particular interest to multiple sclerosis (MS) research. While MS prevalence is high in Scotland, Orkney has the highest global prevalence, higher than more northerly Shetland. Many hypotheses for the excess of MS cases in Orkney have been investigated, including vitamin D deficiency and homozygosity: neither was found to cause the high prevalence of MS. It is possible that this excess prevalence may be explained through unique genetics. We used polygenic risk scores (PRS) to look at the contribution of common risk variants to MS. Analyses were conducted using ORCADES (97/2118 cases/controls), VIKING (15/2000 cases/controls) and Generation Scotland (30/8708 cases/controls) data sets. However, no evidence of a difference in MS-associated common variant frequencies was found between the three control populations, aside fromHLA-DRB1*15:01tag SNP rs9271069. This SNP had a significantly higher risk allele frequency in Orkney (0.23,pvalue = 8 × 10–13) and Shetland (0.21,pvalue = 2.3 × 10–6) than mainland Scotland (0.17). This difference in frequency is estimated to account for 6 (95% CI 3, 8) out of 150 observed excess cases per 100,000 individuals in Shetland and 9 (95% CI 8, 11) of the observed 257 excess cases per 100,000 individuals in Orkney, compared with mainland Scotland. Common variants therefore appear to account for little of the excess burden of MS in the Northern Isles of Scotland.
Modeling electrochemical properties of LiMn$$_{1-x}$$Co$$_{x}$$BO$$_3$$ for cathode materials in lithium-ion rechargeable batteries
Authors: Nhapulo Sérgio Leonardo , de Almeida Jailton Souza 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this work, we report first-principle calculations of the electrochemical properties of lithitated and delithiated LiMn$$_{1-x}$$

1
-
x

Co$$_{x}$$

x

BO$$_3$$

3

($$x = 0$$

x
=
0

, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) crystals based on the density functional theory (DFT) with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and also considering the on-site Coulomb interaction, the so-called Hubbard correction. We found that the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band of these crystals are mainly formed by the hybridization of the 3d orbitals of mixed Mn$$_{1-x}$$

1
-
x

Co$$_{x}$$

x

ions and oxygen 2p orbitals. We observed a band gap narrowing with an increase of cobalt concentration and that the Hubbard correction implies a better theoretical description of their electronic structures. When considering the delithiated materials, our calculations show a metallic behavior for intermediate cobalt concentrations ($$x = 0.25$$

x
=
0.25

, 0.5, 0.75), which is a good quality for cathodic materials, as it improves the battery discharge process. We also obtained high (4.14 V vs. Li$$^+$$

+

/Li$$^0$$

0

and 4.16 V vs. Li$$^+$$

+

/Li$$^0$$

0

) open circuit voltage (OCV) values at cobalt concentrations of $$x = 0.5$$

x
=
0.5

and 0.75, where we believe that if these high OCV values are accompanied by a high charge storage capacity, these compounds can become promising and useful cathode materials. Finally, our results are in accordance with previous calculations and also with experimental results.