bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutant alleles differentially shape fitness and other complex traits in cattle
Authors: Xiang Ruidong , Breen Ed J. , Bolormaa Sunduimijid , Jagt Christy J. Vander , Chamberlain Amanda J. , Macleod Iona M. , Goddard Michael E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMutant alleles (MAs) that have been classically recognised have large effects on phenotype and tend to be deleterious to traits and fitness. Is this the case for mutations with small effects? We infer MAs for 8 million sequence variants in 113k cattle and quantify the effects of MA on 37 complex traits. Heterozygosity for variants at genomic sites conserved across 100 vertebrate species increase fertility, stature, and milk production, positively associating these traits with fitness. MAs decrease stature and fat and protein concentration in milk, but increase gestation length and somatic cell count in milk (the latter indicative of mastitis). However, the frequency of MAs decreasing stature and fat and protein concentration, increasing gestation length and somatic cell count were lower than the frequency of MAs with the opposite effect. These results suggest bias in the mutations direction of effect (e.g. towards reduced protein in milk), but selection operating to reduce the frequency of these MAs. Taken together, our results imply two classes of genomic sites subject to long-term selection: sites conserved across vertebrates show hybrid vigour while sites subject to less long-term selection show a bias in mutation towards undesirable alleles.
Identification of TCR repertoires in functionally competent cytotoxic T cells cross-reactive to SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Shimizu Kanako , Iyoda Tomonori , Sanpei An , Nakazato Hiroshi , Okada Masahiro , Ueda Shogo , Kato-Murayama Miyuki , Murayama Kazutaka , Shirouzu Mikako , Harada Naoko , Hidaka Michihiro , Fujii Shin-ichiro 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells are scarce but detectable in unexposed healthy donors (UHDs). It remains unclear whether pre-existing human coronavirus (HCoV)-specific CD8+ T cells are converted to functionally competent T cells cross-reactive to SARS-CoV-2. Here, we identified the HLA-A24-high binding, immunodominant epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 spike region that can be recognized by seasonal coronavirus-specific CD8+ T cells from HLA-A24+ UHDs. Cross-reactive CD8+ T cells were clearly reduced in patients with hematological malignancy, who are usually immunosuppressed, compared to those in UHDs. Furthermore, we showed that CD8+ T cells in response to a selected dominant epitope display multifunctionality and cross-functionality across HCoVs in HLA-A24+ donors. Cross-reactivity of T-cell receptors isolated from them exhibited selective diversity at the single-cell level. Taken together, when stimulated well by immunodominant epitopes, selective pre-existing CD8+ T cells with high functional avidity may be cross-reactive against SARS-CoV-2.
High phenoxazinone synthase activity of two mononuclear cis-dichloro cobalt(ii) complexes with a rigid pyridyl scaffold
Authors: Muley Arabinda , Karumban Kalai Selvan , Kumbhakar Sadananda , Giri Bishnubasu , Maji Somnath 
Published: December 2021

Two mononuclear cis-dichloro cobalt(II) complexes with bidentate pyridyl ligands have been successfully synthesized and employed as active o-aminophenol oxidation catalysts resulting in high turnover numbers under aerobic conditions.
A cross‐lingual secure semantic searching scheme with semantic analysis on ciphertext
Authors: Yang Wenyuan , Sun Boyu , Ma Xuewei , Zhu Yuesheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSecure semantic searching can search arbitrary query words semantically related to keywords over the encrypted data. However, most of the current schemes perform the matching after query semantic expansion on the plaintext. The existing works rarely support cross‐lingual searching that breaks the language barrier to allow a query issued in a lingual to retrieve the documents written in other languages. Meanwhile, most of the previous schemes are difficult to be applied to real‐time applications because of their poor efficiency. This letter designs an efficient cross‐lingual secure semantic searching scheme that performs semantic analysis, semantic matching, and relevance ranking on the ciphertext. The proposed scheme encrypts the language‐aligned word vectors of the keywords, and further calculates the semantic similarity between the encrypted vectors to perform clustering for the encrypted keywords. Therefore, the scheme uses the encrypted language‐aligned word vectors of query words to perform cross‐lingual semantic matching only with the cluster centre keywords to get encrypted keywords semantically related to the query, instead of scanning all the keywords, thus significantly improving the search efficiency. The scheme also realises the ciphertext relevance ranking algorithm to rank the documents. Experimental results show the practicability of the proposed scheme.
Ceramic‐elements‐based distributed resonators and filters
Authors: Bulja Senad , Claussen Holger , Kozlov Dmitry , Munina Irina , Turalchuk Pavel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to introduce a new family of low‐profile resonators and filters that achieve high performance and low insertion loss without the need for post‐production tuning. The new resonator is termed ceramic‐element based distributed resonator and consists of a matrix of subwavelength‐length ceramic posts connected in the inter‐digital fashion to the top and bottom ground planes. Such a disposition of elements is beneficial for two main reasons. First, the frequency of operation of such a resonator becomes a function of its height, unlike in the case of standard ceramic resonators. Second, the ceramic element matrix performs inherent dimensional averaging, resulting in a filter that requires no post‐production tuning. As a demonstrator of the proposed technology, a two‐pole filter using a ceramic with a dielectric permittivity of 37 and a loss tangent of 0.0033 and operating at a centre frequency of 3.5 GHz was designed, fabricated and tested. The measured and predicted results are in excellent agreement and are extensively discussed.
CRB‐based multi‐parameter DOA estimation model for directional UCA with reflective plane
Authors: Zhao Di , Deng Zhongliang , Tan Weijie , Li Gang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this letter, a new multi‐parameter direction‐of‐arrival (DOA) estimation model for directional uniform circular array (UCA) is proposed, which considers the plane‐reflected effect. Unlike the most existing models, the proposed model explores the impact of the perturbation on radiation pattern caused by reflected signals and makes full use of the reflected radiation pattern, so it is suited to the practical situations where the impinging signals are reflected on the plane. Based on the principle of sources reconstruction, a modified 3D radiation pattern with image pattern factor is constructed. Moreover, in order to realize high reception performance on the basis of achievable DOA estimation accuracy, the multi‐parameter Cramer‐Rao Bound (CRB) function is derived to achieve the appropriate optimal parameter of height to wavelength ratio (HWR), which serves as a benchmark for optimizing the accuracy of DOA estimates. Simulation experiments are conducted to demonstrate that the DOA estimation performance of the proposed model outperforms that of the previous models.
Adjoint least mean square control for solar photovoltaic array grid‐connected energy generating system
Authors: Singh Sunaina , Kewat Seema , Singh Bhim , Panigrahi Bijaya Ketan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study deals with a new control for a double‐stage grid‐integrated solar photovoltaic array (SPVA)‐based energy generation system, which is based on adjoint least mean square (ALMS) control. This ALMS control algorithm has some new features: (1) it provides a fast rate of convergence, (2) harmonics mitigation ability, and (3) ease of implementation. The solar PV energy generating system includes a DC–DC boost converter, a voltage source converter (VSC), a ripple filter, a three‐phase grid, and local non‐linear loads. The VSC is controlled for feeding the active power from the solar array to the grid and three‐phase non‐linear loads. Moreover, VSC control is used to improve the grid current quality. A DC–DC boost converter is coupled between the photovoltaic array and the DC‐link capacitor, which tracks the maximum SPVA power from the SPV array by using perturb & observe algorithm. Here, the main goals of SPVA generating system are to eradicate power quality problems caused by unbalanced and non‐linear loads and to provide sinusoidal grid currents at solar PV array irradiance variation. Moreover, a comparison of ALMS control is made with other control algorithms. Performance of this ALMS control is studied at varying non‐linear loads and under different environmental conditions on a developed prototype in the laboratory. The simulated results of the system are validated with test results. Detailed behaviour of the grid‐integrated SPV system and harmonics spectrum of grid currents are given here while meeting the IEEE 519 Standard.
Two‐stage progressive residual learning network for multi‐focus image fusion
Authors: Wang Haoran , Hua Zhen , Li Jinjiang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBoundary artifacts and color detail distortion are easily caused by the common multi‐focus image fusion methods. In order to solve this problem, we propose a two‐stage progressive residual learning network for multi‐focus image fusion. The proposed network can progressively learn color information and detail features through end‐to‐end mapping. The whole network is composed of two sub‐networks: the initial fusion block network and the enhanced fusion block network. First, the color information in the source image is fused by the initial fusion block network to generate the initial fusion image. Then on the basis of the initial fusion image, the detailed features of the source image are further fused by enhanced the fusion network to form the final fusion image. In order to solve the problem of lack of groundtruth when multi‐focus image fusion is carried out with supervised method, the multi‐focus image fusion problem is compared to the easy‐to‐solve image restoration problem. A synthetic dataset for network training is generated by ”degenerating” the VOC2012 dataset according to the set rules. After training, the method works well for fusion tasks without further processing. Experimental results show that the proposed method is superior to the existing methods in subjective visual perception and objective quantitative evaluation.
An improved tucker decomposition‐based imputation method for recovering lane‐level missing values in traffic data
Authors: Lu Wenqi , Zhou Tian , Li Linheng , Gu Yuanli , Rui Yikang , Ran Bin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHigh‐quality lane‐scale traffic data is of great importance to the intelligent transportation system. However, missing values are sometimes inevitable due to the failure of the detectors or the low penetration rates of the connected automated vehicles. Most existing data recovery methods concentrate on traffic data of a whole section and ignore the spatio‐temporal correlations between lanes. To this end, this paper organizes the lane‐scale traffic data into tensor patterns that can simultaneously consider the spatio‐temporal dependencies of traffic flow. Then an improved Tucker decomposition‐based imputation method (ITDI) is proposed to recover the missing values of the traffic data by extending the Tucker decomposition model with an adaptive rank calculation algorithm and improved objective function. Using the real‐world traffic data to construct multiple datasets with three missing scenarios and different missing rates, the performance of the proposed model is evaluated and compared with that of state‐of‐the‐art data imputation methods. The experimental results indicate that the ITDI method has better performance than the baseline models in terms of imputation accuracy. Besides, the ITDI model can adapt to typical missing scenarios and keep stable under different missing rates.
A 28‐GHz reconfigurable 1‐bit substrate‐integrated‐waveguide based phase shifter
Authors: Acri G. , Podevin F. , Ferrari P. , Pistono E. , Boccia L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA switched‐line substrate integrated waveguide 1‐bit phase shifter is designed and measured at 28 GHz. Reconfigurability is achieved through a set of floating metallized vias whose connection to the waveguide top and bottom layers can be controlled using PIN diodes. The reconfigurable vias are used to dynamically create alternative paths having different phase delays. A three‐metal layer printed circuit board stack‐up is employed to fully integrate the diode biasing network and to ease the routing of the bias signal. The high integration of the proposed configuration makes it well suited for the implementation of reconfigurable Butler matrices. The phase shift offset between the two states of this digital 1‐bit phase shifter equals 262° at 28 GHz, leading to a measured figure of merit of 161°/dB, and input 1‐dB compression point over 20 dBm. The total area is 13.72 × 10.9 mm without feeding lines and bias.
Wide‐bandwidth signal‐based multireceiver SAS imagery using extended chirp scaling algorithm
Authors: Zhang Xuebo , Yang Peixuan , Huang Pan , Sun Haixin , Ying Wenwei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTraditional chirp scaling algorithm is often developed based on the quadratic approximation of point target reference spectrum, which neglects the higher‐order coupling between range and azimuth dimensions. Besides, the scaling operation is conducted based on quadratic term of reference range, and the residual quadratic error increases with target range far away from reference range. The analysis of phase error shows that both errors are noticeable under the case of wide‐bandwidth signal, and the imaging performance would be seriously distorted. To solve this problem, the higher‐order coupling and quadratic error are compensated by exploiting sub‐block processing method in the range dimension when the chirp scaling algorithm is exploited to reconstruct targets. Compared to traditional methods, the presented method significantly improves the focussing performance based on the simulation results. The processing of real data further shows that the performance of presented method is superior to that of traditional method.
Adaptive beamforming algorithm for coprime array based on interference and noise covariance matrix reconstruction
Authors: Du Yuxi , Xu Haiyun , Cui Weijia , Jian Chunxiao , Zhang Jian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCompared with the uniform linear array (ULA) under the same physical array element, the coprime array can obtain a higher degree of freedom and a larger array aperture, so it has received extensive attention from scholars in recent years. Based on the idea of interference plus noise covariance matrix (INCM) reconstruction, this study proposed a robust adaptive beamforming algorithm using the coprime array. In the virtual array generated by the coprime array, the authors prove from the perspective of virtual signals that the constructed Toeplitz matrix is equivalent to a virtual ULA with more array elements. Subsequently, a high‐resolution subspace algorithm is used to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of the signals, and the estimated DOA is used to reconstruct the direction vector (DV) of the coprime array. Through the eigenvalue decomposition of the reconstructed Toeplitz matrix, the corresponding relationship between the eigenvalue and the power is deduced, and the signals and noise power are estimated using the eigenvalue. Finally, combine the DV of the desired signal and the reconstructed INCM to calculate the weight vector of the proposed algorithm. The simulation results prove the superiority and effectiveness of the algorithm.
Line start synchronous reluctance motor with improved power factor for agriculture electric pump applications
Authors: Uvaraj G. Aswin , Lenin N.C. , Padmanaban Sanjeevikumar , Khan Baseem 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLine start synchronous reluctance motor (LSRM) is more efficient than the existing induction motor (IM). However, the power factor is a major concern in LSRM. The power factor of the LSRM depends on the saliency ratio. To increase the saliency ratio, either d‐axis inductance (Ld) has to be improved, or q‐axis inductance (Lq) reduced. Here, q‐axis inductance is decreased by making the minimal or negligible flux variation in the q‐axis. Initially, the rotor geometry has been optimized employing an optimization algorithm. Then, finite element analysis is adopted to predict the capability of the designed rotors. Stress analysis has been carried out for both axial and radial rotor structures to verify the mechanical robustness. The fabrication steps such as folding, stacking and screwing, wire cut, die‐casting and milling process of both the rotor structures are explained in detail. Further, both the machines are tested with the centrifugal pump. From the test results, it is observed that the proposed rotor structure provides a higher power factor.
Kernelised correlation filters target tracking fused multi‐feature based on the unmanned aerial vehicle platform
Authors: Liu Zhouzhou , Liu Mengna , Zhang Yangmei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAs unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) emerged as a flexible acquisition system that is widely used in military and civilian fields, efficient target tracking algorithm is in urgent need for UAV‐based computer vision. Although research studies have been reported on typical interferences in the tracking process such as scale change, occlusion, distortion etc., some issues still exist for the target tracking algorithm based on UAV vision. This study exploited the features hidden in different colour spaces, and proposed a multi‐feature multi‐filter fusion tracking method that combines the HSV (hue, saturation and value) colour space with the histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) feature. The HSV colour space is proved to be able to discriminate objects under different conditions. The HOG of each HSV channel is utilised to train Kernelised correlation filters (KCF), respectively. The final tracking result is the candidate result with the biggest peak sidelobe ratio (PSR). Computer simulations proved that the fusion strategy proposed in this study can effectively improve the tracking performance of the tracker especially when the image sequences are interfered by deformation, occlusion, low resolution, etc. The performance of the tracker is also tested on UAV.
Some issues of calculation of complex rod and plate systems on an elastic base
Authors: Kozunova Oksana 
Published: December 2021

This paper summarizes some issues of a new universal method for static calculation of complex rod and plate systems on an arbitrary elastic base under the influence of an external load, when modeling the base with various models, ranging from the classical Winkler model to the combined Winkler-Kogan model.
The relevance and timeliness of the proposed work lies in the fact that the issues of calculating complex structures on an elastic base have not yet been fully investigated and there is no general approach to their calculation. The author knows the works of M. I. Gorbunov-Posadov, I. A. Simvulidi, B. N. Zhemochkin, G. Ya. Popov, S. N. Klepikov, S. D. Semenyuk, S. V. Bosakov, in which various approaches have been used to conduct research on the calculation of simple core structures, isolated foundation structures, including mesh slabs, as well as spatial monolithic foundations, as a system of cross belts on an elastic base.
The proposed method is based on a mixed method of structural mechanics using the functions of the influence of an elastic medium in the relations of B. N. Zhemochkin. To simplify these relations, when determining the coefficients of canonical equations and free terms of the mixed method in the calculation of isolated and connected plates, the relations for deflections of plates with a normal pinched in the centre of the plate are used. For pivotally connected beams, it is convenient to introduce pinching with unknown displacements at the beginning or end of each beam, for frame rods-in their nodal connections. The numerical implementation of the general approach is performed using the Mathematica computer program.
Lebensstil und kardiovaskuläre Gesundheit – wie schädlich sind E-Zigaretten und Shisha-Rauchen?
Authors: Kuntic Marin , Hahad Omar , Münzel Thomas , Daiber Andreas 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungTabakrauchen ist ein Hauptauslöser chronischer nicht übertragbarer Krankheiten und ein Risikofaktor für kardiovaskuläre und pulmonale Erkrankungen. Obwohl der weltweite Tabakkonsum während der letzten 2 Jahrzehnte reduziert wurde, zeigt der Gebrauch von E-Zigaretten und Wasserpfeifen (Shisha) eine pandemische Zunahme mit hohem Anteil jüngerer Anwender. E-Zigaretten sind keine komplett schadensfreie Alternative zu herkömmlichen Tabakzigaretten, auch weil die zahlreichen Geschmacksaromen und die einfache/schnelle Verwendung eine steigende Zahl von abhängigen Anwendern hervorbringt. E-Zigaretten sind nicht unbedingt geeignet, die Nikotinabhängigkeit hinter sich zu lassen. Diese Arbeit bietet eine Übersicht über die kardiovaskulären Gesundheitsauswirkungen des Shisharauchens und E-Zigaretten-Dampfens mit Fokus auf die negativen Effekte auf die Endothelfunktion. Die schädlichen biologischen Auswirkungen der toxischen Inhaltsstoffe dieser Produkte werden vor allem im Hinblick auf
oxidativen Stress und Entzündungsreaktionen diskutiert. Abschließend wird der aktuelle Stand hinsichtlich der Empfehlungen, gesetzlichen Regelungen und kommerziellen Werbung kurz zusammengefasst.
Assessment of Sumatriptan on Sepsis-Induced Kidney injury in the
Cecal Ligation and Puncture Mice Model
Authors: Yousefi-Manesh Hasan , Shirooie Samira , Noori Tayebeh , Tavangar Seyed Mohammad , Sheibani Mohammad , Chaboki Alireza , Mohammadi Sina , Dehpour Ahmad Reza 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSepsis is a severe systemic inflammatory response with high mortality rate
resulting from different microorganisms. Cytokines activation is essential for
the immune response, but in painful conditions like sepsis, cytokines act as a
double-edged sword and dysregulate immune response which is life-threatening
owing to multiple organ dysfunction. The abnormality in 5-HT function is
involved in pathological conditions like irritable bowel syndrome, inflammation,
myocardial ischemia, itch and renal injury. Sumatriptan, a
5-HT1B/1D agonist, has anti-inflammatory and
anti-oxidative stress effects on animal models. This study was aimed to assess
the effects of sumatriptan on kidney injury, the levels of pro-inflammatory
cytokines and the percentage of survival in (CLP)-induced sepsis were
examined.Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model was done on adult C57BL/6 male
mice to induce Polymicrobial sepsis. Sumatriptan was injected intraperitoneally
1 h after the sepsis induction by CLP at doses of 0.1, 0.3, and
1 mg/kg in 3 treatment groups. To study the effect of
sumatriptan on short-term survival, septic animals were detected 72 h
after CLP. Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 were
evaluated. To study sepsis-induced acute renal failure, kidney functional
biomarkers and histopathological alterations were evaluated.Sumatriptan (0.3 mg/kg) administration significantly enhanced
survival rate (P<0.01) compared to the CLP group. The beneficial effects
of sumatriptan were related to a significant decrease in the pro-inflammatory
cytokines and elevated level of IL-10. Sumatriptan presented protective effects
on kidney biomarkers and histopathology assay.Anti-inflammatory effects of sumatriptan lead to decrease mortality rate and
inflammatory cytokines in CLP induction sepsis in C57BL/6 mice.