bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic accuracy of multiplex polymerase chain reaction on tissue biopsies in periprosthetic joint infections
Authors: Lazic Igor , Feihl Susanne , Prodinger Peter M. , Banke Ingo J. , Trampuz Andrej , von Eisenhart-Rothe Rüdiger , Suren Christian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe diagnosis and treatment of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) currently relies on cultures, which are time-consuming and often fail. Multiplex PCR assays promise reliable and prompt results, but have been heterogeneously evaluated. In this study, we analyse multiplex PCR in pathogen identification using only tissue biopsies. 42 patients after revision arthroplasty of the hip or knee were evaluated using multiplex PCR to identify microorganisms. The patients were classified according to the diagnostic criteria published by Zimmerli et al. and the results were compared to the respective microbiological cultures. PJI was detected in 15 patients and 27 revisions were aseptic. The multiplex PCR of tissue biopsies had a sensitivity of 0.3 (95% CI 0.12–0.62), a specificity of 1.0 (0.87–1.0), a positive predictive value of 1.0 (0.48–1.0) and a negative predictive value of 0.73 (0.56–0.86). The diagnostic accuracy of multiplex PCR on tissue biopsy samples is low in comparison to routine microbiological cultures. The evaluation of tissue biopsies using multiplex PCR was prone to false negative results. However, multiplex PCR assays have the advantage of rapid pathogen identification. We therefore recommend further investigation of multiplex PCR in the setting of suspected PJI with a careful choice of specimens.
Effects of robot-assisted versus hand-assisted nephroureterectomy on circulating tumor cells for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Ting Hui-Kung , Cha Tai-Lung , Tsai Yi-Ta , Liu Shu-Yu , Wu Sheng-Tang , Meng En , Tsao Chih-Wei , Kao Chien-Chang , Chen Chin-Li , Sun Guang-Huan , Yu Dah-Shyong , Yang Ming-Hsin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo compare perioperative circulating tumor cells (CTC) in primary upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients who underwent hand-assisted retroperitoneoscopic nephroureterectomy (HANU) or robotic-assisted nephroureterectomy (RANU). A total of 29 patients received RANU (n = 10) or HANU (n = 19). Peripheral blood samples were collected before, 24 h after surgery (POh24) and on postoperative day 28 (POD28). The demographic and pathologic data are similar in both groups. RANU had a longer operative time (p = 0.031), less bleeding volume (p = 0.004), and comparable pain sore (p = 0.169). The mean CTC numbers before surgery (2.4 vs. 2.3, p = 0.482), POh24 (2.4 vs. 1.9, p = 0.668) and POD28 (0.5 vs. 0.6, p = 0.280) were not significant different among groups. The amount of CTCs in both groups decreased and reached similar level on POD28. No significant difference of overall and intravesical recurrence rate between the two approaches. In comparison to RANU, more surgical manipulation does not affect tumor cell translocation into the bloodstream in UTUC patients who received HANU. However, a longer follow-up would be needed for the final comparison of tumor recurrence.
Enhancing traffic capacity of multilayer networks with two logical layers by link deletion
Authors: Ma Jinlong , Sun Zhichao , Zhang Yongqiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractImproving the traffic capacity of multilayer networks has been the subject of extensive interest and research. This paper proposes an effective strategy to improve traffic capacity of three‐layer networks via the process of removing links linking to nodes with large degrees. In order to improve the traffic capacity, two different link deletion rules are proposed to remove a portion of logical layer links without the change of physical layer topology structure. It is found that the proposed strategy can improve traffic capacity; furthermore, the link deletion rule that two logical layers delete the same number of links at the same time is better than the link deletion rule that only the links of one logical layer are deleted. This work contributes to the design and optimization of realistic multilayer networks. This paper proposes an effective strategy to improve traffic capacity of three‐layer networks via the process of removing links linking to nodes with large degrees. Under the premise that the structure of physical layer in three‐layer networks does not change, some logical layer links between the nodes with large degrees are removed to improve the traffic capacity, and two different link deletion rules are proposed.
PCAF‐Net: A liver segmentation network based on deep learning
Authors: Wu Yanlin , Wang Guanglei , Wang Zhongyang , Wang Hongrui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLiver cancer poses a great threat to people's health. Accurate liver segmentation is crucial to the diagnosis of liver cancer. In recent years, great achievements have been made in liver segmentation using a series of improved networks developed based on U‐Net. U‐Net uses a skip connection splices the feature map in the encoder and decoder. However, this method ignores the difference between the two feature maps, which limits the ability of the network to extract liver structures of different sizes. This study proposes a new network structure, the pyramid convolutional attention fusion network (PCAF‐Net), for 2D liver segmentation. The PCAF mechanism was introduced to fuse the feature maps of different receptive field paths after attention mechanism processing to enhance the semantic expression ability of feature maps in skip connection and to improve the segmentation accuracy. The MICCAI 2017 LiTS dataset and CHAOS were used to validate the proposed method. The results of multi‐index evaluation showed that the segmentation performance of the proposed network was superior to those of other networks. PCAF‐Net achieved accurate liver segmentation, providing a reference for artificial intelligenceassisted clinical diagnosis of liver cancer.
A sharing deep reinforcement learning method for efficient vehicle platooning control
Authors: Lu Sikai , Cai Yingfeng , Chen Long , Wang Hai , Sun Xiaoqiang , Jia Yunyi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe combination of reinforcement learning and platooning control has been widely studied, which has been considered to be altruistic on the basis of safety. However, the platooning control method based on reinforcement learning is not mature. This paper proposes a platoon sharing deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm (PSDDPG) for a multi‐vehicle network which overcomes the problem of low efficiency of continuous action space exploration. On the basis of the noise of deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm, additional platoon noise is added to enhance the diversity of training samples during exploration and avoid using a single‐vehicle data, which could weaken model robustness. The method of using the time sequence information as an input and replay buffer backup is proposed to prevent the problems of insufficient exploration and low sampling efficiency from deteriorating the training effect. The robustness of the proposed algorithm is verified by tests using the Carla simulator. Also, the platoon merging, overtaking, cruising following and obstacle avoidance control of a vehicle platoon is realized under typical traffic flow conditions. The experimental results show that the PSDDPG algorithm can provide an efficient control strategy and thus has the potential to reduce energy consumption and improve road efficiency.
Neue Therapiestrategien beim HER2-positiven fortgeschrittenen, inoperablen bzw. metastasierten Mammakarzinom
Authors: Lüftner Diana , Peipp Matthias 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungTrotz therapeutischer Fortschritte bei der Behandlung des HER2-positiven (HER2 = humaner epidermaler Wachstumsfaktor-Rezeptor 2) fortgeschrittenen/metastasierten Mammakarzinoms besteht weiterhin ein dringender Bedarf an wirksameren Therapieoptionen. Jenseits der zweiten Therapielinie gibt es derzeit keinen definierten, zugelassenen Therapiestandard. Eine der großen Herausforderungen ist die Überwindung von Therapieresistenzen. In Abhängigkeit vom zugrunde liegenden Resistenzmechanismus werden verschiedene Strategien für neue innovative Therapiekonzepte beim HER2-positiven Mammakarzinom verfolgt. Ein wichtiger Fokus liegt dabei auf spezifisch designten Antikörpern für eine gezielte Therapie, um diesen Herausforderungen erfolgreich zu begegnen. Mit Trastuzumab-Deruxtecan (T‑DXd, DS-8201a) befindet sich ein optimiertes Antikörper-Wirkstoff-Konjugat (ADC = Antibody Drug Conjugate) in der klinischen Prüfung, das vielversprechende Studienergebnisse bei bereits intensiv vorbehandelten Patienten mit fortgeschrittenem, inoperablem oder metastasiertem HER2-positivem Mammakarzinom zeigt. Aufgrund dieser Datenlage ist T‑DXd in den USA und Japan bereits für das HER2-positive fortgeschrittene, inoperable bzw. metastasierte Mammakarzinom zugelassen – in den USA nach mindestens 2 vorangegangenen anti-HER2 zielgerichteten Therapielinien und in Japan nach vorangegangener Chemotherapie. T‑DXd steht stellvertretend für ein erfolgreiches „Antikörper-Engineering“. Seit Anfang des Jahres ist T-DXd auch in Europa als Monotherapie beim inoperablen oder metastasierten HER2-positiven Mammakarzinom zugelassen bei Patienten, die mindestens 2 gegen HER2 gerichtete Vorbehandlungen erhalten haben. In der vorliegenden Publikation werden Strategien zur Verbesserung von Therapieoptionen beim HER2-positiven fortgeschrittenen, inoperablen bzw. metastasierten Mammakarzinom vorgestellt – unter anderem am Beispiel der Entwicklung von T‑DXd.
Nerve-Sparing Radical Hysterectomy: Kobayashi's Method
Authors: Yoshikawa Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAfter Prof. S. Okabayashi introduced Okabayashi Operation in 1921, several surgeons introduced numerous improvements in Japan. One of them is so-called the Tokyo Method which was improved and revised by Dr. Kyusaku Ogino (1950), Prof. Takashi Kobayashi, University of Tokyo (1961, 1970), and Prof. Shoichi Sakamoto, University of Tokyo (1981). The nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy without sacrificing radicality was introduced in 19611 and improved in 1970 by Prof. Kobayashi.2 The autonomic nerve pathway including hypogastric nerve (sympathetic nerve), pelvic splanchnic nerve (parasympathetic nerve), and pelvic nerve plexus as a junction of the two nerves and the branch of the plexus to the bladder (vesical nerve branch) are preserved except in advanced cases. He divided the process of nerve-sparing surgery into four steps for separating the autonomic nerve pathway from adjacent tissues along the pathway consisting of cardinal, sacrouterine, rectouterine/vaginal, and vesicouterine ligaments. The first step is separation of the cardinal ligament (deep uterine vessels) from the pelvic splanchnic nerve. The second step is separation of the medial side of severed cardinal ligament from the pelvic nerve plexus. The first and second steps are performed in the lateral side of the autonomic nerve system. The third step is separation of sacrouterine and rectouterine/vaginal ligaments from hypogastric nerve and pelvic nerve plexus. The third step is necessary for achieving high radicality, namely, for severing the sacrouterine and rectouterine/vaginal ligaments near the rectum without damage to the pelvic nerve plexus. The fourth step is separation of paravaginal tissues and posterior (deep) layer of the vesicouterine ligament from the vesical nerve branches of the plexus. The third and fourth steps are performed in the medial side of the autonomic nerve system.
Ophthalmic Segment Aneurysms: Surgical Treatment and Outcomes
Authors: Kachhara Rajneesh , Nair Suresh , Nigam Pulak 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background Surgical treatment of ophthalmic segment aneurysms (OSAs) remain challenging because of complex anatomy surrounding the aneurysm and entails extensive drilling of anterior clinoid process to define proximal neck of the aneurysm and carotid exposure in the neck for proximal control.

Materials and Methods Authors present a retrospective analysis of 36 aneurysms in 35 patients with OSAs operated surgically by first author. Surgical clipping was done for the aneurysms as primary modality of treatment along with wrapping and trapping as required.

Results Commonest age group was 40 to 60 years with female preponderance of 3:1. Maximum (23) patients presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage (WFNS Gr 1), followed by asymptomatic patients (six). There were 18 small, 14 large, and four giant aneurysms, 15 dorsal wall, 17 ventral wall, three proximal posterior wall, and one blister aneurysm. Good outcome, as measured by Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) was achieved in 29 patients.

Conclusion OSAs are technically demanding aneurysms, but with due diligence to surgical principles, good outcomes may be obtained.
Correction to: Fiscal Policy, Multidimensional Poverty, and Equity in Uganda: A Child-Lens Analysis
Authors: Cuesta Jose , Jellema Jon , Ferrone Lucia 
Published: September 2021

The article ‘Fiscal Policy, Multidimensional Poverty, and Equity in Uganda: A Child-Lens Analysis’, written by Jose Cuesta, Jon Jellema and Lucia Ferrone was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 18 of May 2021 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 14 of September 2021 to © The Author(s), 2021 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.
Intermolecular latency regulates the essential C-terminal signal peptidase and sortase of the
Porphyromonas gingivalis
type-IX secretion system
Authors: Mizgalska Danuta , Goulas Theodoros , Rodríguez-Banqueri Arturo , Veillard Florian , Madej Mariusz , Małecka Ewelina , Szczesniak Katarzyna , Ksiazek Miroslaw , Widziołek Magda , Guevara Tibisay , Eckhard Ulrich , Solà Maria , Potempa Jan , Gomis-Rüth F. Xavier 
Published: September 2021

Significance
Selected gram-negative bacteria employ a type-IX secretion system to shuttle virulence proteins with a C-terminal domain (CTD) as a secretion signal across the outer membrane. Upon secretion, the CTD is cleaved and replaced with lipopolysaccharide by PorU, the only known bifunctional signal peptidase and sortase. We discovered that PorU transits between active monomers and latent dimers and determined the structure of the ∼260-kDa dimer. PorU consists of seven domains, including a gingipain-type catalytic domain, which is regulated by a long “latency β-hairpin” that forms an intermolecular β-barrel with the symmetric protomer. Homology modeling followed by in vivo validation revealed that PorU functions as a monomer through a cysteine–histidine catalytic dyad. Thus, dimerization provides an intermolecular mechanism for PorU regulation.
Effects of rain noise from metal roofs on speech identification
Authors: Chen Yan , Li Xin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Recently metal roofs were widely utilized in rainwater harvesting, and noise produced by rain on metal roofs cannot be ignored. The goal of this article is to demonstrate the effects of rain noise from the metal roofs on speech identification. Two recordings of rain noise from metal roofs and a speech corpus simulated two actual acoustical listening environments. Two experiments were carried out to investigate the interference of rain noise on speech identification in two different acoustical listening environments. Two different simplified ordinary classroom model were carried out in the article. The experiment 1 was in a classroom with a metal roof and experiment 2 was in two point in a simplified ordinary classroom which is close to other building with metal roofs. Some results were shown speech identification all dropped significantly with SNR reduces.
An Optimal Selection Algorithm Based on Q-Learning For Dual Media Communication System With Full-Duplex Relays
Authors: Wang Huifang , Zhang Shujuan , Chen Zhixiong , Huo Meiru , Fan Lei , Zhang Lixia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Full-duplex communication technology can make full use of spectrum resources through simultaneous co-frequency transmission, but the interference of the signal sent by the device itself degrades performance. The paper proposes a joint antenna and relay selection algorithm based on Q-learning, which selects the best relay with the best transmit-receive configuration for the communication between the source and the target. Specifically, by learning the dual-medium cooperative communication environment to obtain feedback in terms of interruption probability and channel capacity, so as to determine the best relay and antenna. Finally, the paper verifies the effectiveness of the algorithm by simulation.
Research on RGB-D image recognition technology based on feature fusion and machine learning
Authors: Sun Qingbo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The three-dimensional RGB-D image contains not only the color and texture information of the two-dimensional image, but also contains the surface geometry information of the target. This article analyzes the RGB-D image recognition methods, including stereo vision technology, structured light technology, etc. By studying the application points of RGB-D image recognition technology under the background of feature fusion and machine learning, the purpose is to improve the richness of image recognition content and provide reference for the smooth development of the follow-up work.
A Novel Fault Location Algorithm in Distribution Network Based on Power-on Signal and Power-off Signal
Authors: Ge Xiaojun , Chen Minyu , Mao Yaming , Lu Lizhen , He Xing , Ai Qian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In recent years, with the continuous promotion of clean and low-carbon energy strategy, power system’s operation mode has been transformed gradually. Consequently, the extended time of fault location when it occurs will jeopardize the fault restoration of distribution system and reduce the grid resilience. Hence, this paper proposes a novel fault location algorithm based on the combination of power-on signal and power-off signal, which can improve the efficiency of the fault location. First, the principle of numbering node is presented, making it convenient for computer to identify the relationship between device in the distribution network. Then, some assumptions and principles of the algorithm are shown, together with the termination condition of the proposed algorithm. Finally, case study involving an actual distribution network is carried out. Results show that the proposed algorithm is able to achieve accurate fault location meanwhile improve the efficiency of fault location.
Detection of the Impurities in Bottled Mineral Water Based on Computer Vision System
Authors: Liu Haoran 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Bottled mineral water is an indispensable drink in our daily life. It’s important for us to guarantee quality of the products. In this study, a computer vision based detection system is established to detect the impurities in bottled mineral water. With the help of high speed industrial camera, the images of RGB model images could be obtained in real-time. The recorded images are transformed into HSI color format to reduce the effect of environmental brightness on the industrial assembly line. The corresponding threshold of the hue and saturation for bottled mineral water are set, according to which the image segmentation is carried out. After Gaussian filtering, the image decomposition and edge detection are applied to the images. The impurities in the bottled mineral water could be determined, marked by red dots. Based on the detection results, unqualified products will be removed from the industrial assembly line. By using this system, the accuracy and efficiency could be improved for the detection of impurities in bottled mineral water.
Chinese text multi-classification based on Sentences Order Prediction improved Bert model
Authors: Fu Guanping , Sun Jianwei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
For the strong noise interference brought by the NSP mechanism (Next Sentences Prediction) in Bert to the model, in order to improve the classification effect of the Bert model when it is used in text classification, an SOP (Sentences Order Prediction) mechanism is used to replace the Bert model of the NSP mechanism-Multi-classification of Chinese news texts. At first, use randomly sorted adjacent sentence pairs for segment embedding. Then use the Transformer structure of the Bert model to encode the Chinese text, and obtain the final CLS vector as the semantic vector of the text. Finally, connect the different semantic vectors to the multi-category Classification. After ablation experiments, the improved SOP-Bert model obtained the highest F1 value of 96.69. The results show that this model is more effective than the original Bert model on text multi-classification problems.
Research and practice on information Technology of landslide early warning, restoration and reinforcement
Authors: Ma Rui , Wang Hanhui , Yan Fugen , Liu Chengkun , Hu Binbin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
China is one of the countries with the most serious geological disasters in the world, and landslide is the main geological disaster. China has carried out many years of research in the field of landslide and made a lot of achievements, but the information integration and visualization are not systematic, especially in the data fusion, technology integration, deduction simulation and other aspects. Starting from the framework of the software platform, this paper focuses on the research of key technologies such as multi-data fusion, whole-chain technology integration, deduction simulation; establishes landslide early warning information software platform, and carries out the application practice in the demonstration area, which is of reference significance for the information construction of landslide early warning, repair and reinforcement, to improve the landslide disaster prevention and mitigation capacity in China has a realistic significance.