bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health extension service utilization and associated factors in East Gojjam zone, Northwest Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Aynalem Bewket Yeserah , Melesse Misganaw Fikrie 
Published: August 2021

Introduction
Health Extension Program is a preventive, promotive, and basic curative service targeting households to improve the health status of families with the effective implementation of 16 health extension packages. We, therefore, did this study to assess health extension package utilization and associated factors in the East Gojjam zone, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based mixed cross-sectional study was conducted on households of East Gojjam Zone, from January 1 to April 30, 2020. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 806 study participants in this study. We used EPI info version 7 for data entry and SPSS version 24 software for cleaning and analysis. Variables having a P-value of less than 0.25 in the bivariate logistic regression analysis were fitted into the multivariable logistic regression model. The 95% confidence interval of odds ratio was computed and a variable having P-value less than 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression analysis was considered as statistically significant.

Results
The study showed that 119 (14.8%) respondents have utilized health extension packages. Knowledge health extension package (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.22, 2.79), residence (AOR = 3.55, 95% CI: 1.99,6.33),visited health post(AOR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.054,2.50), home visited by health extension worker (AOR = 1,68, 95% CI: 1.025,2.74) and involving in model family training(AOR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.38,3.215) were significant factors for health extension service utilization.

Conclusion
The magnitude of health extension service utilization was low since the Ethiopian government recommends 100% health extension service utilization coverage. Knowledge of health extension package, residence, health post-visit, home visit, and model family training were significant factors for health extension service utilization. So expanding the model family training and strict home-to-home visit especially in rural areas may increase the health extension package utilization.
Absence of bubbling phenomena for non-convex anisotropic nearly umbilical and quasi-Einstein hypersurfaces
Authors: De Rosa Antonio , Gioffrè Stefano 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We prove that, for every closed (not necessarily convex) hypersurface Σ in

ℝ

n
+
1

{\mathbb{R}^{n+1}}

and every

p
>
n

{p>n}

, the

L
p

{L^{p}}

-norm of the trace-free part of the anisotropic second fundamental form controls from above the

W

2
,
p

{W^{2,p}}

-closeness of Σ to the Wulff shape. In the isotropic setting, we provide a simpler proof. This result is sharp since in the subcritical regime

p
≤
n

{p\leq n}

, the lack of convexity assumptions may lead in general to bubbling phenomena.
Moreover, we obtain a stability theorem for quasi-Einstein (not necessarily convex) hypersurfaces and we improve the quantitative estimates in the convex setting.
Die Anschlussfähigkeit verloren
Authors: Knaup Horand 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Wenige Monate vor der Bundestagswahl hat sich die Union in den Umfragekeller manövriert – und die SPD kann in keiner Weise davon profitieren. Wie konnte es dazu kommen? Für seine Kampagne hat Spitzenkandidat Olaf Scholz die Aufbruchs- und Wechselstimmung im Elektorat unterschätzt. In ihren früheren Hochburgen hat die Partei dramatisch an Rückhalt verloren, zentrale Zielgruppen – Jungwähler*innen, Gewerkschafter, urbanes Publikum – haben sich verabschiedet. Die Partei hat ein massives Imageproblem, gilt nach 19 Regierungsjahren nicht mehr als Motor gesellschaftlichen Fortschritts und hat obendrein den Anschluss an neue soziale Bewegungen verloren. Noch immer steht der klassische Industriearbeiter im Mittelpunkt der sozialdemokratischen politischen Ansprache. Nur schwerfällig realisiert die Partei, dass sich die Arbeitswelt dramatisch verändert hat und immer mehr dienstleistungs- und wissensbasierte Branchen zur Wertschöpfung beitragen. Ein bezeichnendes Detail: Das aktuell gültige Grundsatzprogramm stammt aus dem Jahr 2007 – in bewegten Zeiten zu alt für eine Partei der Postmoderne.
Die AfD vor der Bundestagswahl 2021
Authors: Ruhose Fedor 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungAuch für die AfD ist die Bundestagswahl 2021 eine „kritische Wahl“. Sie tritt an, zum zweiten Mal in den Bundestag einzuziehen. Dies wäre für die Alternative für Deutschland ein Erfolg, unabhängig vom Wahlergebnis. Der Wiedereinzug würde sie noch stärker im Parteiensystem etablieren. Dabei setzt die AfD auf eine Wahlkampagne, die Querverbindungen zwischen ihrem Markenkern und den übrigen, für die Wählerschaft wichtigen Themen zieht. Die AfD ist dabei eine von tiefen Konflikten gezeichnete Partei, die zwar bei der Wahlentscheidung für oder gegen sie keine Rolle spielen, deren Auflösung aber eine bedeutende Rolle bei der Entwicklung der Partei in der Zeit nach der Bundestagswahl 2021 spielen wird. Auch darauf müssen die anderen politischen Akteure im Wahlkampf und später im Bundestag eine Antwort finden müssen.
Demokratie und Islam. Die Beteiligung von Muslim*innen in Deutschland
Authors: Maisenbacher Jan 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung

Demokratie und Islam. Die Beteiligung von Muslim*innen in Deutschland. Sogenannte Islamkritiker*innen behaupten, „der Islam“ und die Demokratie seien unvereinbar. Ablehnung und Vorbehalte gegenüber Muslim*innen und somit weit verbreitete Islamfeindlichkeit werden dadurch befördert. Infolgedessen kann eine Beteiligung von Menschen muslimischen Glaubens an der Gesellschaft und Demokratie erschwert sein. Jan Maisenbacher geht in seinem Beitrag der Frage nach, wie demokratische Beteiligung von Muslim*innen unter diesen Umständen ausgeübt wird. Welche förderlichen Faktoren können identifiziert werden und was hat das Engagement mit dem islamischen Glauben zu tun? Nach der Darstellung und Diskussion der Erkenntnisse aus der dem Beitrag zugrundeliegenden Interviewstudie kommt er zu dem Schluss, dass Muslim*innen gestärkt und sichtbarer werden sollten durch die Anerkennung ihres Engagements und die Einbeziehung von Moscheegemeinden in lokale zivilgesellschaftliche Zusammenschlüsse.
Typological explanations in synchrony and diachrony: on the origins of third person zeroes in bound person paradigms
Authors: Cristofaro Sonia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA well-known cross-linguistic pattern in bound person paradigms is for zero marking to be restricted to third person forms, particularly third person singular subjects. This has been explained in terms of general language preferences for third person zeroes, possibly determined by principles of iconicity or economy. This paper discusses several diachronic phenomena that result in third person zeroes cross-linguistically, and argues that these phenomena pose two challenges for this type of explanations. First, several phenomena do not appear to be related to general language preferences for third person zeroes. Second, different phenomena are a result of different causal factors, meaning that third person zeroes are not amenable to a unified explanation. This calls for a source-oriented approach to third person zeroes and recurrent cross-linguistic patterns in general, one where these patterns are accounted for in terms of the properties of different diachronic phenomena that shape the pattern over time, rather than synchronic properties of the pattern in itself.
How to restructure a grammatical category: the innovative person system of Chamacoco (Zamucoan, northern Paraguay)
Authors: Ciucci Luca 
Published: August 2021

AbstractChamacoco is a Zamucoan language of northern Paraguay that has considerably restructured its person reference system. Starting from the existing reconstruction of Proto-Zamucoan, I will analyze the evolution of person marking in free pronouns, verbs and possessable nouns. The verb lost the realis/irrealis distinction in speech act participants, while the third person underwent some allomorphic changes and introduced a distinction between third singular and plural, dependent on an innovative animacy hierarchy. The first person proved overall particularly unstable. In possessable nouns, it was replaced by a form for unspecified possessor, while a new exponent was created for the latter. In free pronouns, the first plural shifted to the first singular and then grammaticalized to the new verb prefix for the first singular. The most significant changes concern the introduction of clusivity in verbs and free pronouns, which was combined with an unusual number term: the greater plural. Besides, the verbal first-person exclusive is typologically unexpected, since it derives from the inclusive. I will discuss the reasons for these and other minor changes, which involve internal factors and language contact. Finally, I will show how recent contact with Spanish has affected the Chamacoco person system.
Are more humorous children more intelligent? A case from Turkish culture
Authors: Arslan Deniz , Sak Ugur , Atesgoz Nazmiye Nazli 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between intelligence and humor ability in a Turkish sample. The sample included 217 middle-school students with a wide range of intelligence measured by a Turkish intelligence test (ASIS). Humor ability was measured using the Humor Ability Assessment Form. Students were instructed to write captions for 10 cartoons that were as funny and relevant as possible. Seven experts rated the funniness of the captions and their relevance to the cartoons, yielding a total of 30,380 ratings (217 students × 10 cartoons × two criteria × seven experts). The findings showed that both general intelligence and the second-level components (verbal ability, visual-spatial ability, and memory) had high correlations with humor ability. Intelligence explained 68% of the variance in humor ability. Among the third-level factors, verbal analogical reasoning was the primary predictor of humor ability (β = 0.325, p < 0.001). Humor ability scores significantly differed across intelligence clusters, implying that highly humorous children may be highly intelligent.
Potential of a mixed culture of microalgae for accumulation of beta-carotene under different stress conditions
Authors: Ghorbani Azita , Rafiee Poorya , Hosseini Maryam , Ebrahimi Sirous 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Beta-carotene, a pigment found in plants, is mainly produced by microalgae. Nevertheless, this production has only been investigated in pure cultures. Beta-carotene production through mixed culture eliminates the costly procedure of sterilization and contamination prevention needed for pure cultures. In this study, for the first time, the growth, beta-carotene, and chlorophyll production of a mixed culture of microalgae from Caspian Sea was investiagted under different stress conditions. At the condition of tripled light intensity and nitrogen starvation, beta-carotene content increased from 18.03 to 43.8 and 46.5 mol beta-carotene g−1 protein, respectively. However, the salinity of 4 mol L−1 caused the beta-carotene content to fall to zero. The blank sample reached a constant value of 23 mol beta-carotene g−1protein. The comparable results with the specific monoculture species exhibit the high potential of a mixed culture of microalgae for beta-carotene production without need of the high sterilization cost. Nevertheless, more research is needed for where it can be a good substitute for pure culture.
Development of an accelerated test for pitting corrosion of CUSTOM 450 by rDHM
Authors: Pedram Omid , Poursaeidi Esmaeil , Khamedi Ramin , Shayani-jam Hassan , Mollapour Yousef 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A key application of CUSTOM 450 alloy is in the construction of gas turbine compressor blades. The study of pitting corrosion can prevent the failure of many gas turbine compressor blades. In this study, a reflective digital holography microscopy method was employed to investigate the growth of pitting corrosion in depth. To this end, a constant potential of 350 mVSCE in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was applied to the specimen. The generated pits were simulated in three dimensions, and it was indicated that pitting corrosion rate was decreased as time passed. Comparing the obtained experimental data with the data gathered from the real industrial environment surrounding a compressor installation, an accelerated test was proposed. By the proposed accelerated test, it is possible to produce a pit similar to the one that will be initiated and propagated at any time in the future in real conditions.
Synthesis and characterizations of metal ions doped barium strontium titanate (BST) nanomaterials for photocatalytic and electrical applications: A mini review
Authors: Kelele Kiflom Gebremedhn , Tadesse Aschalew , Desalegn Tegene , Ghotekar Suresh , Balachandran Ruthramurthy , Murthy Hanabe Chowdappa Ananda 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe ferroelectric barium strontium titanate (Ba1-xSrxTiO3) is a homogeneous solid solution prepared from the mixture of barium titanate (BaTiO3), strontium titanate (SrTiO3) and titanium (IV) isopropoxide. Barium strontium titanate (BST) nanomaterials with improved permittivity and dielectric properties due to their nano-properties have attracted great interest for extensive and versatile applications as super capacitors, dielectrics, ceramics and catalysts. Introduction of metal ion dopants into the parent system of BST significantly alters its structural, morphological, electrical, optical and dielectric characteristics. This review is aimed at addressing synthesis, characterization methods, photocatalytic and electrical applications of metal ions doped BST nanomaterials. The effect of doping BST, through metal ions, on its properties and application with most probable reasons have been thoroughly discussed.
Osteopathic interventions via telehealth in a pediatric population: a retrospective case series
Authors: Kramer Joanna L. , De Asis Kathleen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Context
Healthcare delivery was dramatically affected during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Many outpatient visits were cancelled or forgone for fear of exposure to the virus, allowing telemedicine to take on a much larger role in healthcare. The delivery of manual therapies, such as osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT), via telehealth posed a unique challenge as these are typically provided in-person by a trained osteopathic physician. This study provides a description of one osteopathic pediatrician’s experience in delivering osteopathic interventions to pediatric patients via telehealth. To our knowledge, these techniques have not previously been described in the literature.

Objectives
To detail the experience of one osteopathic pediatrician’s experience in delivering osteopathic interventions via telehealth.

Methods
Patients were offered the option of converting their existing OMT appointment to a telehealth visit. Prior to the appointment, instructions were emailed to the patient’s parent or guardian along with a voluntary survey to provide feedback. Thirty-minute telehealth visits were conducted during which the provider gave verbal and visual instructions to a parent or guardian over a video platform to guide them in providing treatment to the patient based on osteopathic principles. Patients aged 3 and older rated their pain before and after the appointment using the Wong-Baker FACES scale. Deidentified patient demographics, chief complaints, treatments, anatomic locations, and pain scores were recorded in a REDcap database. Descriptive statistics were analyzed and paired samples t-tests were used with a p-value of <0.05 used to determine significance.

Results
Eighteen patients ranging from 6 months to 19 years of age were treated utilizing osteopathic interventions via telehealth during 54 distinct visits. The most common chief complaints treated were back (n=31; 26.3%) and neck (n=28; 23.7%) pain. The most common osteopathic techniques upon which instruction was based were inhibition (n=131; 29.7%) soft tissue (n=127; 28.8%) and counterstrain (n=78; 17.7%). The average post-treatment pain score (2.57) was significantly lower than the average pre-treatment pain score (6.77) p<0.01. No serious complications were observed.

Conclusions
In our small retrospective case series, osteopathic interventions via telehealth resulted in decreased average pain scores following treatment while minimizing risk of viral exposure and transmission. Further study is needed to determine if such treatment methods could be effective on a larger scale when distance or illness preclude an in-person OMT visit.
Growth hormone replacement therapy: is it safe to use in children with asymptomatic pituitary lesions?
Authors: Sheldon Breanna L. , O’Brien Michael W. , Adamo Matthew A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Small pituitary cysts are commonly discovered on pediatric brain magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs), particularly in patients with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). We examined the need for operative management in children with these masses as well as the effect of growth hormone replacement (GHR) on these lesions.

Methods
This was a retrospective review of pituitary protocol MRIs conducted in children 0–19 at a single center between April 2010–November 2020. Sex, indication for initial MRI, volume, and whether surgery was performed was determined. Records were reviewed to determine whether GHD was present and treatment with GHR documented. For patients with subsequent MRIs, volume on most recent scan was calculated.

Results
Of the 101 children with cysts, 25 had laboratory-confirmed GHD and 76 did not. GHD patients had a higher mean age compared to no growth hormone deficiency (NGHD) cohort (11.2 and 8.4 years, respectively; p=0.02) and a larger proportion of males (p<0.001). The mean cyst volume on initial MRI was not significantly smaller in patients with GHD (0.063 ± 0.012 cm3) vs. those without GHD (0.171 ± 0.039 cm3, p=0.11). Of the 21 GHD patients who received GHR and had follow-up MRIs, 10 had no change in pituitary cyst size, two had cysts that shrank, and seven disappeared. The remaining two cysts enlarged an average of 0.061 ± 0.033 cm3. Zero GHR recipients required surgical intervention.

Conclusions
Small sellar cysts discovered incidentally on imaging in children are unlikely to require surgical intervention. GHR does not appear to significantly enlarge these pediatric pituitary lesions and is safe for use.
Higher order TN
approximation for the neutron diffusion problem in a slab reactor
Authors: Öztürk H. , Durmaz B. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Higher order approximations of the Chebyshev polynomials of first kind (TN) are used for the first time in calculation of the diffusion lengths of monoenergetic neutrons in a homogeneous slab. In the method, the diffusion lengths of the neutrons are calculated using various values of the c, the number of secondary neutrons per collision. First, the traditional Legendre polynomials (PN) approximation and then the present TN method are used separately. The numerical results for the diffusion lengths are tabulated in the tables up to an order of N = 9. A brief comparison is also done between the results obtained from the present method and the ones in literature. The advantages of the present method can easily be observed from the good accordance between results given in the tables for comparison and its easily executable equations. For many of the c values, the results obtained from TN method are better than the results obtained from PN method.
The Rule of Law as an Emergent Social Norm: Evidence from Qualitative Research in Russia
Authors: Borodina Svetlana , Deakin Simon , Hamilton John 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We study attitudes to legality and the rule of law in Russia through analysis of interviews with legal and business professionals conducted in 2013–14, the high point of the stabilisation of the Russian economy and polity following the transition of the 1990s. The annexation of Crimea occurred during the course of our fieldwork but the effects of the cooling of relations with the west and the introduction of sanctions were yet to be felt. We observed a perception that the administration of civil justice was not uniformly corrupt, but that in ‘political’ cases, that is, those involving state officials or powerful private interests, judicial decisions could in effect be bought and sold. This commodification of civil justice was the result of an empowered but predatory state. While the state was strong enough to engage in predation, however, it was seen as lacking the capacity to manage the economy in an effective way or to deliver essential public goods. We consider the implications of our findings for a conception of the rule of law as an emergent social norm. We conclude that the 1990s policy of weakening the state through privatisation and the removal of regulatory controls, a policy designed to ensure that the command economy did not return, has left Russia with a dysfunctional public order, under which the ‘normality’ envisaged by the reforms of the 1990s is a distant prospect.
Effect of Bi dopant on morphological and optical properties of ZnO semiconductor films produced by the sol-gel spin coating process
Authors: Yıldız Tülay , Katı Nida , Yalçın Kadriye 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this study, undoped semiconductor ZnO thin film and Bi-doped ZnO thin films were produced using the sol-gel spin coating method. By changing each parameter of the spin coating method, the best conditions for the formation of the film were determined via the trial and error method. When the appropriate parameter was found, the specified parameter was applied for each film. The structural, superficial, and optical properties of the films produced were characterized via atomic force microscope (AFM), UV-visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and the effects of Bi dopant on these properties were investigated. When the morphological properties of the undoped and Bi-doped ZnO films were examined, it was observed that they had a structure in a micro-fiber shape consisting of nanoparticles. When the surface roughness was examined, it was observed that the surface roughness values became larger as the rate of Bi dopant increased. By examining the optical properties of the films, it was determined that they were direct band transition materials and Bi-doped thin films were involved in the semiconductor range. In addition, optical properties changed positively with Bi dopant. Since Bi-doped ZnO thin film has a wide bandgap and good optical properties, it is a material that can be used in optoelectronic applications.
Abortion Laws in Muslim Countries: Modern Reconfiguration of Pre-modern Logic
Authors: Osman Amr 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In most countries where Islam is acknowledged as a, or the, source of legislation, abortion is permitted under certain conditions and at certain stages of pregnancy. This article examines some of these laws and argue that they represent a continuation of the logic that governed the views of pre-modern Muslim jurists on abortion, that is, harm aversion. However, these laws also add a ‘modernist’ twist to that logic – rather than repealing that logic altogether, modernist views on ‘rights’ and the advancement of medical knowledge and technology have influenced the priorities of Muslim jurists and lawmakers as far as abortion and the issues associated with it are concerned. This influence has furthermore been possible by a conscious selection and blending of pre-modern views to serve modern concerns. In all this, however, harm aversion remains the centrifugal principle, even when the abortion discourse in Muslim countries appears couched in the modernist discourse of rights.