bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Middle Frontal Gyrus and Area 55b: Perioperative Mapping and Language Outcomes
Authors: Hazem Sally Rosario , Awan Mariam , Lavrador Jose Pedro , Patel Sabina , Wren Hilary Margaret , Lucena Oeslle , Semedo Carla , Irzan Hassna , Melbourne Andrew , Ourselin Sebastien , Shapey Jonathan , Kailaya-Vasan Ahilan , Gullan Richard , Ashkan Keyoumars , Bhangoo Ranjeev , Vergani Francesco 
Published: March 2021

Background:The simplistic approaches to language circuits are continuously challenged by new findings in brain structure and connectivity. The posterior middle frontal gyrus and area 55b (pFMG/area55b), in particular, has gained a renewed interest in the overall language network.Methods:This is a retrospective single-center cohort study of patients who have undergone awake craniotomy for tumor resection. Navigated transcranial magnetic simulation (nTMS), tractography, and intraoperative findings were correlated with language outcomes.Results:Sixty-five awake craniotomies were performed between 2012 and 2020, and 24 patients were included. nTMS elicited 42 positive responses, 76.2% in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and hesitation was the most common error (71.4%). In the pMFG/area55b, there were seven positive errors (five hesitations and two phonemic errors). This area had the highest positive predictive value (43.0%), negative predictive value (98.3%), sensitivity (50.0%), and specificity (99.0%) among all the frontal gyri. Intraoperatively, there were 33 cortical positive responses—two (6.0%) in the superior frontal gyrus (SFG), 15 (45.5%) in the MFG, and 16 (48.5%) in the IFG. A total of 29 subcortical positive responses were elicited−21 in the deep IFG–MFG gyri and eight in the deep SFG–MFG gyri. The most common errors identified were speech arrest at the cortical level (20 responses−13 in the IFG and seven in the MFG) and anomia at the subcortical level (nine patients—eight in the deep IFG–MFG and one in the deep MFG–SFG). Moreover, 83.3% of patients had a transitory deterioration of language after surgery, mainly in the expressive component (p= 0.03). An increased number of gyri with intraoperative positive responses were related with better preoperative (p= 0.037) and worse postoperative (p= 0.029) outcomes. The involvement of the SFG–MFG subcortical area was related with worse language outcomes (p= 0.037). Positive nTMS mapping in the IFG was associated with a better preoperative language outcome (p= 0.017), relating to a better performance in the expressive component, while positive mapping in the MFG was related to a worse preoperative receptive component of language (p= 0.031).Conclusion:This case series suggests that the posterior middle frontal gyrus, including area 55b, is an important integration cortical hub for both dorsal and ventral streams of language.
Analysis of Gut Microbiome Using Explainable Machine Learning Predicts Risk of Diarrhea Associated With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Neratinib: A Pilot Study
Authors: Wong Chi Wah , Yost Susan E. , Lee Jin Sun , Gillece John D. , Folkerts Megan , Reining Lauren , Highlander Sarah K. , Eftekhari Zahra , Mortimer Joanne , Yuan Yuan 
Published: March 2021

Neratinib has great efficacy in treating HER2+ breast cancer but is associated with significant gastrointestinal toxicity. The objective of this pilot study was to understand the association of gut microbiome and neratinib-induced diarrhea. Twenty-five patients (age ≥ 60) were enrolled in a phase II trial evaluating safety and tolerability of neratinib in older adults with HER2+ breast cancer (NCT02673398). Fifty stool samples were collected from 11 patients at baseline and during treatment. 16S rRNA analysis was performed and relative abundance data were generated. Shannon’s diversity was calculated to examine gut microbiome dysbiosis. An explainable tree-based approach was utilized to classify patients who might experience neratinib-related diarrhea (grade ≥ 1) based on pre-treatment baseline microbial relative abundance data. The hold-out Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic and Area Under Precision-Recall Curves of the model were 0.88 and 0.95, respectively. Model explanations showed that patients with a larger relative abundance of Ruminiclostridium 9 and Bacteroides sp. HPS0048 may have reduced risk of neratinib-related diarrhea and was confirmed by Kruskal-Wallis test (p ≤ 0.05, uncorrected). Our machine learning model identified microbiota associated with reduced risk of neratinib-induced diarrhea and the result from this pilot study will be further verified in a larger study.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02673398.
Impact of Radiation Dose on Postoperative Complications in Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Junction Cancers
Authors: Kastelowitz Noah , Marsh Megan D. , McCarter Martin , Meguid Robert A. , Bhardwaj Narine Wandrey , Mitchell John D. , Weyant Michael J. , Scott Christopher , Schefter Tracey , Stumpf Priscilla , Leong Stephen , Messersmith Wells , Lieu Christopher , Leal Alexis D. , Davis S. Lindsey , Purcell William T. , Kane Madeleine , Wani Sachin , Shah Raj , Hammad Hazem , Edmundowicz Steven , Goodman Karyn A. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The impact of radiation prescription dose on postoperative complications during standard of care trimodality therapy for operable stage II-III esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancers has not been established.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 82 patients with esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancers treated between 2004 and 2016 with neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by resection at a single institution. Post-operative complications within 30 days were reviewed and scored using the Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI). Results were compared between patients treated with &lt;50 Gy and ≥ 50 Gy, as well as to published CROSS study neoadjuvant chemoradiation group data (41.4 Gy).Results: Twenty-nine patients were treated with &lt;50 Gy (range 39.6–46.8 Gy) and 53 patients were treated with ≥ 50 Gy (range 50.0–52.5 Gy) delivered using IMRT/VMAT (41%), 3D-CRT (46%), or tomotherapy IMRT (12%). Complication rates and CCI scores between our &lt;50 Gy and ≥ 50 Gy groups were not significantly different. Assuming a normal distribution of the CROSS data, there was no significant difference in CCI scores between the CROSS study neoadjuvant chemoradiation, &lt;50 Gy, or ≥ 50 Gy groups. Rates of pulmonary complications were greater in the CROSS group (50%) than our &lt;50 Gy (38%) or ≥ 50 Gy (30%) groups.Conclusions: In selected esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer patients, radiation doses ≥ 50 Gy do not appear to increase 30 day post-operative complication rates. These findings suggest that the use of definitive doses of radiotherapy (50–50.4 Gy) in the neoadjuvant setting may not increase post-operative complications.
The Role of Preoperative Computed Tomography Radiomics in Distinguishing Benign and Malignant Tumors of the Parotid Gland
Authors: Xu Yuyun , Shu Zhenyu , Song Ge , Liu Yijun , Pang Peipei , Wen Xuehua , Gong Xiangyang 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop and validate an integrated prediction model based on clinicoradiological data and computed tomography (CT)-radiomics for differentiating between benign and malignant parotid gland (PG) tumors via multicentre cohorts.Materials and MethodsA cohort of 87 PG tumor patients from hospital #1 who were diagnosed between January 2017 and January 2020 were used for prediction model training. A total of 378 radiomic features were extracted from a single tumor region of interest (ROI) of each patient on each phase of CT images. Imaging features were extracted from plain CT and contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) images. After dimensionality reduction, a radiomics signature was constructed. A combination model was constructed by incorporating the rad-score and CT radiological features. An independent group of 38 patients from hospital #2 was used to validate the prediction models. The model performances were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the models. The radiomics signature model was constructed and the rad-score was calculated based on selected imaging features from plain CT and CECT images.ResultsAnalysis of variance and multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that location, lymph node metastases, and rad-score were independent predictors of tumor malignant status. The ROC curves showed that the accuracy of the support vector machine (SVM)-based prediction model, radiomics signature, location and lymph node status in the training set was 0.854, 0.772, 0.679, and 0.632, respectively; specificity was 0.869, 0.878, 0.734, and 0.773; and sensitivity was 0.731, 0.808, 0.723, and 0.742. In the test set, the accuracy was 0.835, 0.771, 0.653, and 0.608, respectively; the specificity was 0.741, 0.889, 0.852, and 0.812; and the sensitivity was 0.818, 0.790, 0.731, and 0.716.ConclusionsThe combination model based on the radiomics signature and CT radiological features is capable of evaluating the malignancy of PG tumors and can help clinicians guide clinical tumor management.
Evaluation of Phytochemicals and Bioactive Properties in Mangrove Associate Suaeda monoica Forssk. ex J.F.Gmel. of Indian Sundarbans
Authors: Roy Madhumita , Dutta Tapan K. 
Published: March 2021

Suaeda monoica Forssk. ex J.F.Gmel. (Amaranthaceae), a mangrove associate and ethno-medicinal herb of Indian Sundarbans, was investigated as a promising source of bioactive compounds. Various polar and nonpolar solvent extracts of the leaf and root-shoot parts of the plant exhibited antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, allelopathic, mosquitocidal, antihaemolytic and antidiuretic potential. Moreover, to meet pharmacological requirements, the antioxidant ability of the plant was validated by both chemical and biological analyses. Extraction yield and presence of different phytochemicals like phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and saponins were compared in various solvent-extracted fractions. Principle component analysis revealed that the antioxidant property present in different extracts maintained a positive correlation with the occurrence of polyphenols (phenolics, tannins and flavonoids). Biochemical evaluation, HPLC examination and GC–MS analysis showed a differential level of the presence of various phytochemicals in different solvent extracts. In contrast to mosquitocidal, antioxidant, antihaemolytic and phytotoxic properties which were observed to be dominant in polar solvent extracts, maximum antibacterial potency was detected in nonpolar n-hexane fractions. Overall, the plant extract is nontoxic in nature and a dose amounting to 3,000 mg/kg was well tolerated by Swiss albino mice. A combination of HPLC and GC–MS analyses showed the presence of a large number of structurally diverse phytochemicals, many of which had already been reported as insecticidal, mosquitocidal, antibacterial, herbicidal, antidiuretic, antioxidant and anti-haemolytic compounds. All these findings support that the least explored traditional edible medicinal mangrove associate S.monoica is enriched with multiple bioactive molecules and may be considered as one of the richest sources of various lead molecules of pharmaceutical importance.
Exercise and Use of Enhancement Drugs at the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicultural Study on Coping Strategies During Self-Isolation and Related Risks
Authors: Dores Artemisa R. , Carvalho Irene P. , Burkauskas Julius , Simonato Pierluigi , De Luca Ilaria , Mooney Roisin , Ioannidis Konstantinos , Gómez-Martínez M. Ángeles , Demetrovics Zsolt , Ábel Krisztina Edina , Szabo Attila , Fujiwara Hironobu , Shibata Mami , Ventola Alejandra Rebeca Melero , Arroyo-Anlló Eva Maria , Santos-Labrador Ricardo M. , Griskova-Bulanova Inga , Pranckeviciene Aiste , Kobayashi Kei , Martinotti Giovanni , Fineberg Naomi A. , Barbosa Fernando , Corazza Ornella 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Little is known about the impact of restrictive measures during the COVID-19 pandemic on self-image and engagement in exercise and other coping strategies alongside the use of image and performance-enhancing drugs (IPEDs) to boost performance and appearance.Objectives: To assess the role of anxiety about appearance and self-compassion on the practice of physical exercise and use of IPEDs during lockdown.Methods: An international online questionnaire was carried out using the Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI), the Appearance Anxiety Inventory (AAI), and the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) in addition to questions on the use of IPEDs.Results: The sample consisted of 3,161 (65% female) adults from Italy (41.1%), Spain (15.7%), the United Kingdom (UK) (12.0%), Lithuania (11.6%), Portugal (10.5%), Japan (5.5%), and Hungary (3.5%). The mean age was 35.05 years (SD = 12.10). Overall, 4.3% of the participants were found to engage in excessive or problematic exercise with peaks registered in the UK (11.0%) and Spain (5.4%). The sample reported the use of a wide range of drugs and medicines to boost image and performance (28%) and maintained use during the lockdown, mostly in Hungary (56.6%), Japan (46.8%), and the UK (33.8%), with 6.4% who started to use a new drug. Significant appearance anxiety levels were found across the sample, with 18.1% in Italy, 16.9% in Japan, and 16.7% in Portugal. Logistic regression models revealed a strong association between physical exercise and IPED use. Anxiety about appearance also significantly increased the probability of using IPEDs. However, self-compassion did not significantly predict such behavior. Anxiety about appearance and self-compassion were non-significant predictors associated with engaging in physical exercise.Discussion and Conclusion: This study identified risks of problematic exercising and appearance anxiety among the general population during the COVID-19 lockdown period across all the participating countries with significant gender differences. Such behaviors were positively associated with the unsupervised use of IPEDs, although no interaction between physical exercise and appearance anxiety was observed. Further considerations are needed to explore the impact of socially restrictive measures among vulnerable groups, and the implementation of more targeted responses.
Antimicrobial stewardship in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based cohort study and interrupted time-series analysis
Authors: Rezel-Potts Emma , L’Esperance Veline , Gulliford Martin C 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has altered the context for antimicrobial stewardship in primary care.AimTo assess the effect of the pandemic on antibiotic prescribing, accounting for changes in consultations for respiratory and urinary tract infections (RTIs/UTIs).Design and settingPopulation-based cohort study using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD database from January 2017 to September 2020.MethodInterrupted time-series analysis evaluated changes in antibiotic prescribing and RTI/UTI consultations adjusting for age, sex, season, and secular trends. The authors assessed the proportion of COVID-19 episodes associated with antibiotic prescribing.ResultsThere were 253 655 registered patients in 2017 and 232 218 in 2020, with 559 461 antibiotic prescriptions, 216 110 RTI consultations, and 36 402 UTI consultations. Compared with prepandemic months, March 2020 was associated with higher antibiotic prescribing (adjusted rate ratio [ARR] 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11 to 1.16). Antibiotic prescribing fell below predicted rates between April and August 2020, reaching a minimum in May (ARR 0.73; 95% CI = 0.71 to 0.75). Pandemic months were associated with lower rates of RTI/UTI consultations, particularly in April for RTIs (ARR 0.23; 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.25). There were small reductions in the proportion of RTI consultations with antibiotic prescribed and no reduction for UTIs. Among 25 889 COVID-19 patients, 2942 (11%) had antibiotics within a COVID-19 episode.ConclusionPandemic months were initially associated with increased antibiotic prescribing, which then fell below expected levels during the national lockdown. Findings are reassuring that antibiotic stewardship priorities have not been neglected because of COVID-19. Research is required into the effects of reduced RTI/UTI consultations on incidence of serious bacterial infections.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN GIZI EKSTRAK KULIT SALAK PRODUKSI KELOMPOK TANI ABIAN SALAK DESA SIBETAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI PRODUK PANGAN LOKAL
Authors: Putri Dhyana 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundSnakefruit more technically known as ‘Salak’ (Salacca sp) is native fruit of Indonesia regarded as exotic fruit that can consumed not only its flesh fruit but also its skin in the form of extract as it has an efficacy. Extract of snakefruit rind can be proceed into a healthy beverages that contains phenolic compounds which known as natural antioxidants.
ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the content of nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and antioxidants in the extract of snakefruit rind products. This data will be useful as information material to local food industryas well as further research on the processed products for health.
Methods This research is a descriptive study that examines the content of carbohydrates, protein, and antioxidants in the extract of snakefruit rind products. Samples were rind of snakefruit with various concentration masses, in water ratio 1%, 5%, 10%, and non compositions.
ResultCarbohydrate, protein, antioxidant capacity and IC50 respectively for each composition, are (1) the composition of the 1%: -0.04%; 0.21%; 20.70 ppm, 426.58 ppm; (2) the composition of 5%: 0.82%; 0.20%; 73.40 ppm; 151.41 ppm; (3) the composition of 10%: 0.93%; 0.20%; 110.29 ppm; 87.11 ppm; (4) non composition: 28.14%; 44.90%; 215.10 ppm; 56.10 ppm, and non composition: 1.00%; 0.00%; 25.73 ppm; 92.18 ppm.
The most potential nutrient compound in extract of snakefruit rind is the antioxidant, which produced as beverages like tea product. The composition of 10% is the most active category of antioxidant activity, whereas 5% in medium category, and composition of 1% in weak category. Carbohydrates and proteins compound are gradually lower in each composition, caused by boiling process due to the process of water dilution.
ConclusionsThis study revealed that extract of snakefruit rind can produced as healthy beverages (such as tea), as it is a potential wastes treatment for local food products. The extract of snakefruit rind consist of nutrition just like proteins, carbohydrates which are great for health and also contains lots of a powerful antioxidant and works well to prevent cardiovascular disease, strokes, and even cancer, prevent allergies, increase fertility, and boost immunity.

Keywords: Rind of snakefruit. Antioxidant, Tea
IDENTIFIKASI TELUR CACING NEMATODA USUS PADA KUKU TANGAN PENGRAJIN GENTENG DI DESA PEJATEN, KEDIRI, TABANAN Ni Luh Gede Mulan Tirtayanti1, Cok. Dewi Widhya H.S.2, IGA. Sri Dhyanaputri3.
Authors: Dewi Cok 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds: Workers have a risk of getting a disease caused by their job. Groups of workers while do their jobs are always in direct contact with soil as a medium of transmission of the worm eggs like roof tile maker. Based on data from health worm infection at Puskesmas I Kediri in the last three years there are three persons from Pejaten village who check worm infection and two of them showed positive result that they were infected by intestinal worm eggs. Objective: This study aims to find out the existence of the worm eggs Intestinal Nematode on the roof tile maker’s fingernails in Pejaten village, Kediri, Tabanan. Methods: This research did on January until June 2016. This research use descriptive study. Sample are taken with purposive sampling technique and researcher take 26 samples. The examination is searching for worm eggs at 26 fingernails specimens had done by floating methods using a solution of 2% eosin. Results: From this results, as much as 50% samples contained worm eggs. The infection rate of each worm eggs type is Ascaris lumbricoides 53,8%, Hookworm 23,1%, mix of Ascaris lumbricoides and Hookworm 15,4% and 7,7% of the sample identified containing worm eggs from the mix of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura. Based on the characteristics of the respondents, high presence of worm eggs found in the range age 26-45 years 34,6%, male gender 30,8% and respondents who don’t attend school 23,1%. Based on the personal hygiene, high presence of worm eggs found in respondents who have bad habits of cutting nails 46,2%, bad handwashing habits 42,3%, respondents who don’t use hand gloves 50% and bad footwear usage habits 34,6%. Recommended: Suggestion for a roof tile maker are to maintain the cleanliness of nails, washing hands after contact with soil, and also using hand gloves and footwear while they working.

Keyword : roof tile maker; fingernails; worm eggs.
PEMERIKSAAN KLINIK BERBASIS BIOSENSOR BAGIAN 2: Biosensor Virus Untuk Deteksi Penyakit Patogen
Authors: HABIBAH NUR 
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, rapid determination of several viruses which caused pathogen diseases is really important. Most of rapid detection of human pathogen viruses was developed by using biosensor technology. Biosensor technology offers several advantages, such as simple, efficient, low cost, fast response, easy to operate, and reliable. Viral detection by using biosensor can also avoid the delay of diagnosis, so the doctor can determine the type of drugs quickly and also can decide the type of patient care, properly.
Most of biosensor for virus detection was exploited by using electrochemical principle, with amperometric and volumetric transducer. Almost of virus biosensor used immobilized antibody onto electrode surface as a biorecognition element. Some of viruses that could be detected by using electrochemical biosensor are HCV, HBV, HIV and influenza virus.
However, quality control of the biosensor result is important, so the biosensor could be selected as an alternative method for on-site determination, especially in clinical determination.

Keywords: biosensor, virus biosensor, virus detection, pathogen diseases detection
TINJAUAN TENTANG KOLESTEROL DARAH PADA SOPIR BUS PARIWISATA DI KABUPATEN BADUNG
Authors: Mastra Nyoman 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Background The lifestyle of consuming high fatty foods, smoking and drinking coffee frequently in the work place could be expected to cause high cholesterol that affects the health of the tourism bus driver.
Objective The aims study to determine a cholesterol levels in tourism bus driver at Badung regency.
Methods This research is a descriptive study. Tourism bus driver who works at Indah Putra Transport.
Result Of the 39 respondents obtained 18% had normal cholesterol levels and 82% had high cholesterol levels. Based on the frequency of smoking every day, the highest frequency indicated by smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day by 25 respondents (64%). The frequency of coffee consumption < 5 cups per day, 41% had high cholesterol levels, consume coffee > 5 cups of coffee per day, 41% have cholesterol levels high. Based on Physical activity habits 3˗4 times a week indicated 5% had high cholesterol levels and physical activity < 3 times a week indicated 77% had high cholesterol levels. 1˗5 year working period earned as much as 8% had high cholesterol levels, 6˗10 year working period earned 3% had normal cholesterol levels and 23% had high cholesterol and the rest of the respondents were 51% in working period above of 11 years have high cholesterol levels.
Conclution It can be conceded that bad lifestyle of tourism bus drivers can affect the level of cholesterol.
Keywords : driver, cholesterol, lifestyle