bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction of CL‐20 Surface Layer with Different Wetting Properties and its Effect on Slurry Rheological Behavior and Mechanical Sensitivities
Authors: Duan Shuyi , Ding Feng , Sun Haitao , Xiao Chun , Li Shangbin , Zhu Qing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo have a deep understanding of the effects of surface wettability on the mechanical sensitivity and rheological characteristics of PBX slurry, CL‐20 particles with hydrophilic property was prepared through a polymerization process of dopamine, and CL‐20 particles with hydrophobic property were prepared through a condensation polymerization process of hexadecyltrimethoxylsilane. The morphology, surface element content and surface wettability of CL‐20 crystals before and after modification were characterized by scanning electronic microscope (SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle test. The rheological characteristics of CL‐20 based PBX slurry showed that the interaction between explosive particles and binder was changed with different surface wettability of CL‐20. The weaker interaction between CL‐20@hydrophobic and binder lead to weaker solid‐liquid friction, resulted in lower apparent viscosities of CL‐20@hydrophobic based PBX slurry at high shear rate. The mechanical sensitivity of wax coated CL‐20 with different surface wettability was tested. CL‐20@hydrophobic‐wax exhibited better mechanical stability compared to CL‐20‐wax and CL‐20@hydrophilic‐wax, probably owning to the weaker interaction between CL‐20@hydrophobic surface and wax.
Aqueous metabolome of tissue‐specific conditional Pten‐knockout mouse prostate cancer and TRAMP neuroendocrine carcinoma
Authors: Kim Sangyub , Li Li , Zhang Jinhui , Jiang Cheng , Lü Junxuan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic reprograming is now a recognized hallmark of cancer. The prostate‐specific phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (Pten) gene‐conditional knockout (KO) mouse carcinogenesis model is highly desirable for studying prostate cancer biology and prevention due to its close resemblance of primary molecular defects and histopathological features of human prostate cancer. We have recently published macromolecular profiling of this model by proteomics and transcriptomics, denoting a preeminence of inflammation and myeloid suppressive immune cell features. Here, we performed metabolomic analyses of Pten‐KO prostate versus wild type (WT) counterpart for discernable changes in the aqueous metabolites and contrasted to those in the TRAMP neuroendocrine carcinoma (NECa).MethodsThree matched pairs of tissue‐specific conditional Pten‐KO mouse prostate and WT prostate of litter/cage‐mates at 20–22 weeks of age and three pairs of TRAMP NECa versus WT (28–31 weeks) were profiled for their global aqueous metabolite changes, using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsThe Pten‐KO prostate increased purine nucleotide pools, cystathionine, and both reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH, GSSG), and gluconate/glucuronate species in addition to cholesteryl sulfate and polyamine precursor ornithine. On the contrary, Pten‐KO prostate contained diminished pools of glycolytic intermediates and phosphorylcholine derivatives, select amino acids, and their metabolites. Bioinformatic integration revealed a significant shunting of glucose away from glycolysis‐citrate cycle and glycerol‐lipid genesis to pentose phosphate cycle for NADPH/GSH/GSSG redox and pentose moieties for purine and pyrimidine nucleotides, and glycosylation/glucuronidation. Implicit arginine catabolism to ornithine was consistent with immunosuppression in Pten‐KO model. While also increased in cystathionine‐GSH/GSSG, purine, and pyrimidine nucleotide pools and glucuronidation at the expense of glycolysis‐citrate cycle, the TRAMP NECa increased abundance of many amino acids, methyl donor S‐adenosyl‐methionine, and intermediates for phospholipids without increasing cholesteryl sulfate or ornithine.ConclusionsThe aqueous metabolomic patterns in Pten‐KO prostate and TRAMP NECa shared similarities in the greater pools of cystathionine, GSH/GSSG redox pair, and nucleotides and shunting away from glycolysis‐citrate cycle in both models. Remarkable metabolic distinctions between them included metabolisms of many amino acids (protein synthesis; arginine‐ornithine/immune suppression) and cholesteryl sulfate and methylation donor for epigenetic regulations.
Physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic modeling to evaluate in vitro‐to‐in vivo extrapolation for intestinal P‐glycoprotein inhibition
Authors: Yamazaki Shinji , Evers Raymond , De Zwart Loeckie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs one of the key components in model‐informed drug discovery and development, physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling linked with in vitro‐to‐in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) is widely applied to quantitatively predict drug–drug interactions (DDIs) on drug‐metabolizing enzymes and transporters. This study aimed to investigate an IVIVE for intestinal P‐glycoprotein (Pgp, ABCB1)‐mediated DDIs among three Pgp substrates, digoxin, dabigatran etexilate, and quinidine, and two Pgp inhibitors, itraconazole and verapamil, via PBPK modeling. For Pgp substrates, assuming unbound Michaelis‐Menten constant (Km) to be intrinsic, in vitro‐to‐in vivo scaling factors for maximal Pgp‐mediated efflux rate (Jmax) were optimized based on the clinically observed results without co‐administration of Pgp inhibitors. For Pgp inhibitors, PBPK models utilized the reported in vitro values of Pgp inhibition constants (Ki), 1.0 μM for itraconazole and 2.0 μM for verapamil. Overall, the PBPK modeling sufficiently described Pgp‐mediated DDIs between these substrates and inhibitors with the prediction errors of less than or equal to ±25% in most cases, suggesting a reasonable IVIVE for Pgp kinetics in the clinical DDI results. The modeling results also suggest that Pgp kinetic parameters of both the substrates (Km and Jmax) and the inhibitors (Ki) are sensitive to Pgp‐mediated DDIs, thus being key for successful DDI prediction. It would also be critical to incorporate appropriate unbound inhibitor concentrations at the site of action into PBPK models. The present results support a quantitative prediction of Pgp‐mediated DDIs using in vitro parameters, which will significantly increase the value of in vitro studies to design and run clinical DDI studies safely and effectively.
Feasibility of two robotic single‐site surgery techniques for adolescent endometriosis: Focal versus butterfly
Authors: Fan Xiaodong , Duan Kristina , Zhang Chunhua , Guan Xiaoming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the feasibility of robotic laparoendoscopic single‐site surgery (LESS) for the treatment of adolescent endometriosis (n = 36). Additionally, we assessed a novel technique known as butterfly resection for severe cases.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of women from 12 to 21 years old who received therapeutic robotic LESS for symptomatic endometriosis by a single experienced surgeon.ResultsThere were 32 cases of peritoneal and four cases of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). Focal resection was performed in 9/32 peritoneal and all DIE cases; butterfly resection was performed in the remaining 23/32 peritoneal. At 3 months, 16/23 had complete resolution of pelvic pain in the butterfly group versus 10/13 in the focal group (P = 0.64).ConclusionRobotic LESS produces safe outcomes with low complication rates. Butterfly resection may be considered for extensive lesions, with similar levels of pain relief compared to traditional focal resection techniques.CapsuleSingle‐site robotic surgery produces safe outcomes with low complication rates in adolescents with endometriosis, with techniques customized based on disease severity.
Development and Evaluation of Sn Foil Anode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kim Changhyeon , Kim Huihun , Sadan Milan K. , Jeon Minyeong , Cho Gyubong , Ahn Jouhyeon , Kim Kiwon , Cho Kwonkoo , Ahn Hyojun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMetal foil electrodes are simple to prepare and have a high active material loading, making them well suited for the fabrication of inexpensive high‐energy‐density batteries. Herein, Sn metal foil is used as a binder‐ and conductive additive‐free anode for sodium‐ion batteries, achieving a high reversible specific capacity of 692 mAh g−1 and coulombic efficiency of 99% after 100 cycles at a rate of 0.1 C. During the first discharge process, the anode undergoes area expansion. It then splits into multiple parts during the first‐charge process. Upon cycling, the separated parts reconnect and form a single piece with a porous and robust coral structure owing to the self‐healing nature of the anode. A full cell with a Sn foil anode and Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode shows a stable cycle life of 100 mAh g−1 for 300 cycles. Thus, the cracking or pulverization of the Sn anode is not the principal origin of poor cycling properties. The adopted strategy will promote the development and commercialization of high‐capacity metal foil anodes that undergo volume changes during charge/discharge cycling.
Bi‐Functional Fe3O4/Au/CoFe‐LDH Sandwich‐Structured Electrocatalyst for Asymmetrical Electrolyzer with Low Operation Voltage
Authors: Sun Fengchao , Zhou Yan , You Zihan , Xia Hanhan , Tuo Yongxiao , Wang Shutao , Jia Cuiping , Zhang Jun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe reduction of the overall electrolysis potential to produce hydrogen is a critical target for fabricating applicable hydrogen evolution cells. Sandwich‐structured Fe3O4/Au/CoFe‐LDH is synthesized via a spontaneous galvanic displacement reaction. A series of structural characterizations indicate the successful synthesis of sandwich‐structured Fe3O4/Au/CoFe‐LDH electrocatalyst. The trace amount of Au laying between Fe3O4 and CoFe‐LDH significantly improves the intrinsic conductivity and catalytic activity of the composite catalyst. In‐depth investigations indicate that Fe3O4 and CoFe‐LDH are responsible for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) whereas Au is responsible for the electrocatalytic glucose oxidation (GOR). The electrocatalytic tests indicate Fe3O4/Au/CoFe‐LDH offers excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability for both HER and GOR, even at high current density (i.e., 1000 mA cm−2). Further electrochemistry examinations in a two‐compartment cell with a two‐electrode configuration show that Fe3O4/Au/CoFe‐LDH can significantly reduce the overall potential for this asymmetrical cell, with only 0.48 and 0.89 V required to achieve 10 mA cm−2 current density with and without iR‐compensation, which is the lowest overall potential requirement ever reported. The design and synthesis of Fe3O4/Au/CoFe‐LDH pave a new way to electrochemically produce hydrogen and gluconate under extremely low cell voltage, which can readily match with a variety of solar cells.
Unveiling the Actual Catalytic Sites in Nanozyme‐Catalyzed Oxidation of o‐Phenylenediamine
Authors: Cheng Lu , Wu Fengxia , Bao Haibo , Li Fenghua , Xu Guobao , Zhang Yongjun , Niu Wenxin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNanozymes have offered remarkable advantages over natural enzymes and found widespread applications including biosensors, immunoassays, nanomedicines, and environmental remediation. Oxidation of o‐phenylenediamine (OPD) by nanozymes has been listed as a standard protocol for determining nanozyme activities. Given the complexity of OPD oxidation processes, however, the mechanism of nanozyme‐catalyzed oxidation of OPD remains elusive. In this report, mechanistic studies of nanozyme‐catalyzed oxidation of OPD are performed and a distinguishably different mechanism from that of natural enzymes is found. A combination of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and electron microscopic studies provides compelling evidence that polymerization of OPD occurs on the surface of several different nanozymes. The unexpected polymerization causes a dense coating layer of poly(o‐phenylenediamine) (POPD) on nanozymes renders the intrinsic properties of nanozymes. Therefore, this fundamental discovery raise serious concerns using OPD‐based colorimetric method for determining nanozyme activities. Without examining the surface change of nanozymes after catalytic reactions, the use of OPD‐based colorimetric method for determining nanozyme activities is strongly discouraged. Furthermore, POPD is discovered as a new oxidase mimic, and this new mechanism also provides a general and robust method to coat nanomaterials with POPD polymers of enzyme‐mimicking properties.
Ultrathin Twisted Germanium Sulfide van der Waals Nanowires by Bismuth Catalyzed Vapor–Liquid–Solid Growth
Authors: Sutter Eli , Sutter Peter 
Published: October 2021

Abstract1D nanowires of 2D layered crystals are emerging nanostructures synthesized by combining van der Waals (vdW) epitaxy and vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) growth. Nanowires of the group IV monochalcogenide germanium sulfide (GeS) are of particular interest for twistronics due to axial screw dislocations giving rise to Eshelby twist and precision interlayer twist at helical vdW interfaces. Ultrathin vdW nanowires have not been realized, and it is not clear if confining layered crystals into extremely thin wires is even possible. If axial screw dislocations are still stable, ultrathin vdW nanowires can reach large twists and should display significant quantum confinement. Here it is shown that VLS growth over Bi catalysts yields vdW nanowires down to ≈15 nm diameter while maintaining tens of µm length. Combined electron microscopy and diffraction demonstrate that ultrathin GeS nanowires crystallize in the orthorhombic bulk structure but can realize nonequilibrium stacking that may lead to 1D ferroelectricity. Ultrathin nanowires carry screw dislocations, remain chiral, and achieve very high twist rates. Whenever the dislocation extends to the nanowire tip, it continues into the Bi catalyst. Eshelby twist analysis demonstrates that the ultrathin nanowires follow continuum predictions. Cathodoluminescence on individual nanowires, finally, shows pronounced emission blue shifts consistent with quantum confinement.
Rationally Designed TiO2 Nanostructures of Continuous Pore Network for Fast‐Responding and Highly Sensitive Acetone Sensor
Authors: Suh Jun Min , Cho Donghwi , Lee Sangmin , Lee Tae Hyung , Jung Jae‐Wook , Lee Jinho , Cho Sung Hwan , Eom Tae Hoon , Hong Jung‐Wuk , Shim Young‐Seok , Jeon Seokwoo , Jang Ho Won 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFor the last several years, indoor air quality monitoring has been a significant issue due to the increasing time portion of indoor human activities. Especially, the early detection of volatile organic compounds potentially harmful to the human body by the prolonged exposure is the primary concern for public human health, and such technology is imperatively desired. In this study, highly porous and periodic 3D TiO2 nanostructures are designed and studied for this concern. Specifically, extremely high gas molecule accessibility throughout the whole nanostructures and precisely controlled internecks of 3D TiO2 nanostructures can achieve an unprecedented gas response of 299 to 50 ppm CH3COCH3 with an extremely fast response time of less than 1s. The systematic approach to utilize the whole inner and outer surfaces of the gas sensing materials and periodically formed internecks to localize the current paths in this study can provide highly promising perspectives to advance the development of chemoresistive gas sensors using metal oxide nanostructures for the Internet of Everything application.
High‐Resolution and Facile Patterning of Silver Nanowire Electrodes by Solvent‐Free Photolithographic Technique Using UV‐Curable Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Film
Authors: Yoo Dongwoo , Won Dong‐Joon , Cho Woosung , Kim Seonghyeon , Kim Joonwon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPatterning of silver nanowires (AgNWs) used in fabricating flexible and transparent electrodes (FTEs) is essential for constructing a variety of optoelectronic devices. However, patterning AgNW electrodes using a simple, inexpensive, high‐resolution, designable, and scalable process remains a challenge. Therefore, herein a novel solvent‐free photolithographic technique using a UV‐curable pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) film for patterning AgNWs is introduced. The UV‐curable PSA film can be selectively patterned by photopolymerization under UV exposure through a photomask. The AgNWs embedded in the non‐photocured adhesive areas of the film are firmly held by a crosslinked network of photocurable resin when the patterned film is attached to the AgNW‐coated substrate and additionally irradiated by UV light. After peeling off the film, the positive pattern of AgNW electrodes remains on the substrate, while the negative pattern is transferred to the film. This solvent‐free photolithographic technique, which does not use toxic solvents, provides superior pattern features, such as fine line widths and spacings, sharp line edges, and low roughness. Therefore, the developed technique could be successfully applied in the development of flexible and transparent optoelectronic devices, such as a self‐cleaning electro‐wetting‐on‐dielectric (EWOD) devices, transparent heaters, and FTEs.
Improvement in Freeze‐Thaw Stability of Rice Starch by Soybean Protein Hydrolysates‐Xanthan Gum Blends and its Mechanism
Authors: Luo Yunmei , Cheng Hao , Niu Liya , Xiao Jianhui 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo improve the freeze‐thaw stability of rice starch (RS), the soybean protein hydrolysates (SPHs), xanthan gum (XG), and the blends of SPHs with XG (SPHs‐XG) are added. The syneresis, thermal, texture, rheological properties, and morphological features of samples during seven freeze‐thaw cycles (FTCs) are investigated by syneresis measurement, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), textural properties analysis (TPA), dynamic rheological, NMR, and SEM. As a result, SPHs‐XG is more effective for improving the freeze‐thaw stability and showed improved structure manifestations with the lower retrogradation rate (22.78%), hardness (153.29 g), gumminess (54.57), and solid‐like structure (p < 0.05). Moreover, the water‐holding capacity is increased and the microstructure is effectively stabilized. All these results suggested that SPHs‐XG could be a potential ingredient to improve the quality of rice starch‐based frozen foods.
Review of European design provisions for buckling of aluminium members with longitudinal welds – part 2
Authors: Misiek Thomas , Norlin Bert , Gitter Reinhold , Höglund Torsten 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs part of the ongoing revision of the Eurocodes, design provisions in EN 1999‐1‐1 on the buckling of longitudinally welded aluminium compression members have been subjected to a critical review. The numerical investigations described in part 1 of the paper were conducted because a need for improvement was identified. In part 2 of the paper, the main observations are presented in qualitative terms. Those observations are: the influence of the allocation of the materials to buckling classes, the influence of the imperfections plus the cross‐section geometry including the position and size of the HAZ within the cross‐section. Part 3 will conclude this paper by discussing the proposed design approaches in detail.
Increased levels of soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 are associated with adverse outcome in pregnant women with COVID‐19
Authors: Torres‐Torres J. , Espino‐y‐Sosa S. , Poon L. C. , Solis‐Paredes J. M. , Estrada‐Gutierrez G. , Espejel‐Nuñez A. , Juarez‐Reyes A. , Etchegaray‐Solana A. , Alfonso‐Guillen Y. , Aguilar‐Andrade L. , Hernández‐Pacheco J. A. , Villafan‐Bernal J. R. , Martinez‐Portilla R. J. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTObjectiveIn addition to the lungs, the placenta and the endothelium can be affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1) and placental growth factor (PlGF) are markers of endothelial dysfunction and could potentially serve as predictors of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). We aimed to investigate the association of serum concentrations of sFlt‐1 and PlGF with the severity of COVID‐19 in pregnancy.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study carried out in a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City, Mexico. Symptomatic pregnant women with a positive reverse‐transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction test for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection who fulfilled the criteria for hospitalization were included. The primary outcome was severe pneumonia due to COVID‐19. Secondary outcomes were intensive care unit (ICU) admission, viral sepsis and maternal death. sFlt‐1 levels were expressed as multiples of the median (MoM). The association between sFlt‐1 and each adverse outcome was explored by logistic regression analysis, adjusted for gestational age for outcomes occurring in more than five patients, and the predictive performance was assessed by receiver‐operating‐characteristics‐curve analysis.ResultsAmong 113 pregnant women with COVID‐19, higher sFlt‐1 MoM was associated with an increased probability of severe pneumonia (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.817 (95% CI, 1.365–2.418)), ICU admission (aOR, 2.195 (95% CI, 1.582–3.047)), viral sepsis (aOR, 2.318 (95% CI, 1.407–3.820)) and maternal death (unadjusted OR, 5.504 (95% CI, 1.079–28.076)). At a 10% false‐positive rate, sFlt‐1 MoM had detection rates of 45.2%, 66.7%, 83.3% and 100% for severe COVID‐19 pneumonia, ICU admission, viral sepsis and maternal death, respectively. PlGF values were similar between women with severe and those with non‐severe COVID‐19 pneumonia.ConclusionsFlt‐1 MoM is higher in pregnant women with severe COVID‐19 and has the capability to predict serious adverse pregnancy events, such as severe pneumonia, ICU admission, viral sepsis and maternal death. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Construction and second‐order nonlinear optical properties of two 1D zigzag chains with crisscross and parallel arrangements
Authors: Huang Yong‐Qing , Wang Yang , Ding Qi‐Hui , Zhao Yue 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTwo noncentrosymmetric d10 metal centered coordination polymers with formula [Zn(PTA)Cl2] ⋅ H2O (1) and [Hg3(PTA)3Cl6] (2) have been successfully prepared by the reaction of rigid non‐centrosymmetric ligand 3,5‐dimethyl‐N‐(pyridin‐4‐ylmethylene)‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐4‐amine (PTA) and corresponding metal salts ZnCl2 and HgCl2. Both 1 and 2 feature acentric 1D zigzag chain arrangements, in which each chain is composed of linear 2‐connected PTA ligands and V‐shaped 2‐connected metal nodes Zn(II) or Hg(II). Complex 1 possesses C2 symmetric eqitlateral 1D zigzag chain structure and corresponding crisscross array. In contrast with 1, 2 displays dissymmetric ineqitlateral 1D zigzag chain structure and common parallel arrangement. Being their acentric essence as well as colorless and transparent merits, the preliminary powder NLO properties of 1 and 2 were invesigated in solid‐state. The results indicated that the SHG intensities of 1 and 2 are about 1 and o.5 times that of commercial KDP.