bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hidden quasi-symmetries stabilize non-trivial quantum oscillations in CoSi
Authors: Guo Chunyu , Hu Lunhui , Putzke Carsten , Diaz Jonas , Huang Xiangwei , Manna Kaustuv , Fan Feng-Ren , Shekhar Chandra , Sun Yan , Felser Claudia , Liu Chao-Xing , Bernevig Bogdan , Moll Philip 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Unlocking the exotic properties promised to occur in topologically non-trivial semi-metals currently requires significant fine-tuning. Crystalline symmetry restricts the location of topological defects to isolated points (0D) or lines (1D), as formalized by the Wigner-Von Neumann theorem. The scarcity of materials in which these anomalies occur at the chemical potential is a major obstacle towards their applications. Here we show how non-crystalline quasi-symmetries stabilize near-degeneracies of bands over extended regions in energy and in the Brillouin zone. Specifically, a quasi-symmetry is an exact symmetry of a k∙p Hamiltonian to lower-order that is broken by higher-order terms. Hence quasi-symmetric points are gapped, yet the gap is parametrically small and therefore does not influence the physical properties of the system. We demonstrate that in the eV-bandwidth semi-metal CoSi an internal quasi-symmetry stabilizes gaps in the 1-2 meV range over a large near-degenerate plane (2D). This quasi-symmetry is key to explaining the surprising simplicity of the experimentally observed quantum oscillations of four interpenetrating Fermi surfaces around the R-point. Untethered from the limitations of crystalline symmetry, quasi-symmetries eliminate the need for fine-tuning as they enforce sources of large Berry curvature to occur at the chemical potential, and thereby lead to new Wigner-Von Neumann classifications of solids. Quasi-symmetries arise from a comparable splitting of degenerate states by spin-orbit coupling and by orbital dispersion - suggesting a hidden classification framework for symmetry groups and materials in which quasi-symmetries are critical to understand the low-energy physics.
Preanesthetic Ultrasonography Assessment of Inferior Vena Cava Diameter in the Supine Position, Left Lateral Tilt Position, and with the Left Uterine Displacement Maneuver in Full-Term Pregnant Women: A Randomized Cross-Over Design Study
Authors: Furuya Tomonori , Hirose Noriya , Sato Hanae , Niikura Risa , Kijima Miho , Suzuki Takahiro 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundWe used preanesthetic ultrasonography evaluation to study the effectiveness of left lateral tilt position (LLT) and the left uterine displacement maneuver (LUD) on increasing inferior vena cava diameter (IVCD) in healthy full-term pregnant women, using a randomized, single blinded, cross-over design study.MethodsTwenty-two parturients scheduled for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were recruited. All patients were sequentially placed in the supine position (SPN), LLT and with LUD before induction of spinal anesthesia. Indices of IVCD, measured by subxiphoid ultrasonography, including maximum IVCD (IVCDmax), minimum IVCD (IVCDmin) and collapsibility index (CI), and hemodynamic parameters, such as heart rate and blood pressure, were recorded in each of the postures. Mean or median values of all measurements were compared among the postures.ResultsThe mean values of IVCDmax observed with both LLT and LUD were significantly larger than those in the SPN, respectively (SPN vs. LLT: P <0.05, SPN vs. LUD: P <0.01), although there were no significant differences between IVCDmax with LLT and LUD. There were no significant differences in IVCDmin, CI and hemodynamic parameters between any of the postures. IVCDmax was highest with LUD in 11 patients (55%), in the LLT position in seven patients (35%) and in the SPN in two patients (10%).ConclusionsLLT and LUD might be equally effective in enlarging the narrowed IVCD as compared to SPN. However, both LLT and LUD might not necessarily be appropriate treatment to relieve IVC compression in some cases.Trial registrationThis study was registered in the “UMIN Clinical Trials Registry” (ID no.: 000024344, date. 10th October 2016).
Functional Divergence of AP1 And FUL Genes Related To Flowering Regulation In Upland Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.)
Authors: Zhang Xiaohong , Ren Zhongying , Hu Genhai , Wei Hengling , Fan Shuli , Ma Qifeng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The AP1/FUL transcription factors are important for floral development, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we cloned and identified two AP1/FUL-like genes, GhAP1.1 and GhFUL2, in upland cotton, which is a commonly cultivated economically valuable crop. Sequence alignments and phylogenetic analyses indicated GhAP1.1 and GhFUL2, which are encoded by genes in the AP1/FUL clade, have conserved N-terminals, but diverse C-terminal domains. A quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that GhAP1.1 and GhFUL2 were expressed in the flower and root, and had the opposite expression patterns during different shoot apical meristem stages. The upregulated expression of GhAP1.1 in Arabidopsis and the silencing of GhAP1.1 did not induce significant changes to the flowering time or floral organs, but the transcript levels of the florigen FT gene and the AP1 homolog GhMADS42 increased. The overexpression of GhFUL2 in Arabidopsis delayed flowering and promoted bolting by decreasing the FT and LFY expression levels. Silencing GhFUL2 in cotton dramatically increased the expression of GhFT and GhMADS42 and promoted flowering. Additionally, yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays indicated that GhAP1.1 can interact with the SVP homolog GhSVP2.2, whereas GhFUL2 can form heterodimers with GhSEP3/GhSEP4 homologs, and GhSVP2.2. Therefore, we proved that the functional divergence of GhAP1.1 and GhFUL2, which involved changes in sequences and expression patterns, influenced the regulation of cotton flower development and plant architecture.
Sunset Without AIDS:Protocol for A Randomized Controlled Trial of A Brief Video-Based Intervention To Improve The Ability of AIDS Prevention In Elderly Men.
Authors: Ren Jianlan , Li Mei , Luo Yue , Wang Ying , Chen Yanhua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Although progress has been made in the prevention and treatment of AIDS in China, there are still a considerable number of new infections annually, especially in older men. AIDS health education for older men face a major challenge. Evidence-based, acceptable and scalable interventions are urgently needed to increase their capacity to prevent HIV. We describe a trial protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief video-based intervention targeting older men's ability of AIDS prevention.Design: This study is a randomized controlled trial.The trial will be held in the residents' activity centers of three communities.Methods: A total of 450 older men will be randomly divided into three groups (Sunset Without AIDS intervention group and two control groups) for two weeks. We will assess the feasibility and acceptability of intervention through interviews. The outcomes include changes in participants' knowledge, stigma attitude, risk behaviors attitude and risk behaviors related to AIDS after two weeks and one, three, six months of intervention.Discussion: Sunset Without AIDS may be an innovative way to helpolder men improve AIDS prevention capabilities, fill the gap in video-based AIDS prevention education for the older men in China, and gain experience of AIDS education. This project will innovate the AIDS education ideas of older men and enrich the theoretical research content of AIDS related education of older men.The findings may also provide the basis for the research and formulation of more reasonable AIDS education strategies and prevention and control policies for the elderly.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100045708(data assigned:23 April 2021,http://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx).
Study On Setting Method of Flatness Target Curve of SUNDWIG 20-High Mill Considering Target Crown
Authors: Sun Jianliang , Yan Mingze , Li Mingyuan , Hao Tongtong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The flatness target curve is important in the flatness control theory. The accuracy of flatness target curve is an important factor to determine the load of flatness control means and flatness quality. Aiming at the defect that crown of each pass after rolling cannot be controlled quantitatively in the traditional target curve formulation of cold rolling, a new method considering the target crown was proposed. Specifically, the target crown of each pass can be set by combining the total proportional crown change in hot rolling field to each pass and the instability discrimination model in cold rolling field. the total proportional crown change of incoming material and finished product is allocated to each pass, and the instability discrimination model is applied to ensure the stability of the plate. The purpose of new method is to control of the crown of each pass quantitatively, so that the flatness and thickness of plate can meet the production requirements. Taking SUNDWIG 20-high mill and typical rolling products as an example, the simulation results show that, on the basis of ensuring the flatness and obtaining the minimum available crown after rolling, the model can make the flatness and crown meet the production requirements at the same time and control the crown of each pass after rolling quantitatively by setting the target crown of each pass.
Sustainable Healthcare In Medical Education: The Student Perspective
Authors: Gupta Dhruv , Shantharam Lahvanya , MacDonald Bridget Kathryn 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background:It is now a General Medical Council requirement to incorporate sustainable healthcare teaching (SHT) into medical curricula. To date, research has focussed on the perspective of educators and which sustainable healthcare topics to include in teaching. However, to our knowledge, no previous study has investigated the perspective of both undergraduate and postgraduate medical students in the UK regarding current and future incorporation of SHT in medical education.Methods:A questionnaire was circulated to clinical year medical students and students intercalating after completing at least one clinical year in a London University. The anonymous questionnaire consisted of sections on the environmental impact, current teaching and future teaching of SHT.Results:163 students completed the questionnaire. 93% of participants believed that climate change is a concern in current society, and only 1.8% thought they have been formally taught what sustainable healthcare is. No participants strongly agreed, and only 5 participants (3.1%) agreed, that they would feel confident in answering exam questions on this topic, with 89% agreeing that more SHT is needed. 60% believe that future teaching should be incorporated in both preclinical and clinical years, with 31% of participants preferring online modules as the method of teaching.Conclusion: Our novel study has stressed the lack of current sustainable healthcare teaching in the medical curriculum. From a student perspective, using online modules throughout medical school presents an attractive method of incorporating sustainable healthcare teaching in the future.
Human-to-dog Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Lota Variant: Should COVID-19 Patients Avoid Close Contact with their Pets During Illness?
Authors: Rivero Ricardo , Garay Evelin , Botero Yesica , Serrano-Coll Hector , Gastelbondo Bertha , Muñoz Marina , Ballesteros Nathalia , Castañeda Sergio , Patiño Luz , Ramirez Juan David , Calderon Alfonso , Guzman Camilo , Martinez-Bravo Caty , Aleman Ader , Arrieta German , Mattar Salim 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of the current COVID-19 pandemic, has been proven to have a broad range of host species, including non-human primates, as well as domestic animals and pets. A high conservation degree in the structure of the ACE2 receptor, which is the critical protein for viral infection among vertebrate species, could lead to anthroponotic events. The present paper reports the first symptomatic human-to-dog transmission event of the SARS-CoV-2 Iota variant in Latin America. We found a total of 21 mutations shared across the complete genomes of owner and dog viral sequences. Further phylogenetic and molecular analysis showed a 100% support of clade co-localization supporting the transmission event. Spike protein structure prediction of sequenced virus and docking analyses showed that E484K mutation in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) could enhance viral affinity towards dACE2. Therefore, close contact should be avoided between humans infected with SARS-CoV-2 and pets to avoid the appearance of novel mutations of importance in public health from anthroponotic events.
Rate-dependent Asymmetric Hysteresis Modeling and Robust Adaptive Trajectory Tracking for Piezoelectric Micropositioning Stages
Authors: Nie Linlin , Luo Yiling , Gao Wei , Zhou Miaolei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Hysteresis is an inherent characteristic of piezoelectric materials that can be determined by not only the historical input but also the input signal frequency. Hysteresis severely degrades the positioning precision of piezoelectric micropositioning stages. In this study, the hysteresis characteristics and the excitation frequency effects on the hysteresis behaviors of the piezoelectric micropositioning stage are investigated. Accordingly, a rate-dependent asymmetric hysteresis Prandtl-Ishlinskii (RDAPI) model is developed by introducing a dynamic envelope function into the play operators of the Prandtl-Ishlinskii (PI) model. The RDAPI model uses a relatively simple analytical structure with fewer parameters then other modified PI model to characterize the rate-dependent and asymmetric hysteresis behavior in piezoelectric micropositioning stages. Considering practical situations with the uncertainties and external disturbances associated with the piezoelectric micropositioning stages, the system dynamics are described using a second-order differential equation. On this basis, a corresponding adaptive robust control method that does not involve the construction of a complex hysteretic inverse model is developed. The Lyapunov analysis method proves the stability of the entire closed-loop control system. Experiments confirm that the proposed RDAPI model achieves a significantly improved accuracy compared with the PI model. Furthermore, compared with the inverse RDAPI model-based feedforward compensation and the inverse RDAPI model-based proportional-integral-derivative control methods, the proposed robust adaptive control strategy exhibits improved tracking performance.
Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation inside Giant Vesicles Drives Shape Deformations and Induces Lipid Membrane Phase Separation
Authors: Su Wan-Chih , Gettel Douglas , Rowland Andrew , Keating Christine , Parikh Atul 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
An astounding variety of cellular contexts converge to the process of liquid-liquid phase separation for the creation of new functional levels of organization. But the kinetic pathways by which intracellular phase separation proceeds – typically in physically confined and macromolecularly crowded volumes of topologically closed cellular and intracellular compartments –remain incompletely understood. Here, we monitor the dynamics of liquid-liquid phase separation of mixtures of phase-separating polymers (i.e., polyethyleneglycol and dextran) inside all-synthetic, cell-sized giant unilamellar vesicles in real-time. We dynamically trigger phase separation by subjecting an initially homogeneous polymer solution inside vesicles to an abrupt osmotic quench. The latter removes water and elevates polymer concentrations in the phase-coexistence regime thereby initiating a segregative phase separation of the polymers. We find that the ensuing relaxation – en route to the new equilibrium – is non-trivially modulated by a dynamic interplay between the coarsening of the evolving droplet phase and the interactive membrane boundary. The early trajectory of droplet coarsening exhibit significant acceleration, but a competing process of membrane-droplet interactions – one in which the membrane boundary is preferentially wetted by one of the incipient phases – dynamically arrests the progression and deforms the membrane. As a result, a novel multi-bud morphology, reminiscent of cellular blebs, decorate the vesicle surface. Furthermore, when the vesicles are composed of phase-separating mixtures of common lipids, the three-dimensional liquid-liquid phase separation within the vesicular interior becomes coupled to the membrane’s compositional degrees of freedom producing microphase-separated membrane textures. This coupling of bulk and surface phase separation processes suggests a new physical principle by which liquid-liquid phase separation inside living cells might be dynamically regulated and materially communicated inside-out to the cellular boundaries.
A Combined Behavioural Economics- and Simulation-based Medical Education to Promote Effectiveness among Medical Residents in Coping with Workplace Violence in Northern China: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Liu Chao , Liu Weijing , Jiao Mingli , Li Ye , Zhang Gangyu , Wei Lifeng , Zhou Shuang , Li Yuanheng , Sha Zhuowa , Hao Yanhua , Wu Qunhong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Workplace violence is internationally recognized as a major concern for the workforce, which entails serious consequences, and research shows that medical residents are more likely than other doctors to experience violence in the workplace. This study examines the effectiveness of simulation-based medical education on the one hand, and simulation-based medical education combined with behavioural economics on the other as interventions in medical residents' perception of, attitude toward, and self-efficacy in coping with violence in the workplace. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was used, 190 participants having been randomised into three study groups to respectively test the effect of simulation-based medical education only and simulation-based medical education plus with behavioural economics interventions, compared with a control group. Data were obtained from structured questionnaires, including (1) a perception of aggression scale, a management of aggression and violence attitude scale, a general self-efficacy scale, and (2) sociodemographic characteristics. Results: The results show that the scores attained by simulation-based medical education (SBME) and simulation-based medical education combined with behavioural economics (SBME+BE) interventions for perception, attitude, and self-efficacy were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < .01). The SBME+BE group recorded a higher improvement in perception, which could be ascribed to the behavioural economics effect. In addition, the higher perception of workplace violence is correlated with single residents and those with more work experience, prior experiences of violence in the workplace, and training related to workplace violence. A higher positive correlation of workplace violence was recorded by female and widowed residents; and a higher level of self-efficacy related to violence in the workplace correlated with male, widowed and senior (third-year) residents. Conclusions: This study contributes important evidence regarding changes in the perception, attitude, and self-efficacy of subjects following both the SBME+BE and SBME interventions among medical residents in coping with workplace violence, the highest perception change having been recorded after the SBME+BE intervention, which can be explained by the inclusion of behavioural economics.
Immunophenotype in Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Xiong Xiao-feng , Zhu Min , Wu Hong-xia , Fan Li-li , Cheng De-yun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease, and the immune inflammatory response is thought to play an important role in pathogenesis. However, the immunophenotype of patients with COPD is unknown. Herein, we evaluated the immunophenotype of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in West China Hospital from September 2018 to October 2019. The proportion of CD4+ T lymphocyte subtypes (Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg) and the levels of serum cytokines in the peripheral blood of patients with AECOPD, stable COPD (SCOPD), and healthy controls (HCs) were evaluated.Results: A total of 34 HCs, 53 patients with SCOPD, and 75 patients with AECOPD were included. Compared with patients with SCOPD, Th1 cells, Th17 cells, Treg cell ratio, Th1/Th2 cell ratio, and the levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 were significantly increased in patients with AECOPD (P < 0.001), while the proportion of Th2 cells was significantly reduced (P < 0.01). The proportion of Th17 cells was positively correlated with COPD Assessment Test score (r = 0.243, P = 0.006), modified Medical Research Council dyspnea score (r = 0.326, P < 0.0001), and Th1 cell ratio (r = 0.353, P < 0.0001), and negatively correlated with the forced vital capacity (r = -0.308，P = 0.014) and proportion of Th2 cells (r = -0.653, P < 0.0001).Conclusions: The immunophenotype of patients with AECOPD shows abnormal activation of Th1, Th17 and Treg cells. There is a correlation between the proportion of Th17 cells and the severity of COPD; therefore, this may represent a novel index for the evaluation of COPD severity.Trial registration: China Clinical Trials Registry, ChiCTR1800018452, registered 19 September 2018, https://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx.
Gross and Histopathological Lesion Induced on the Gills Ofbarbus Fish by Monogenea Trematods Habiteting in Western Part of Lake Tana, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Workeale Abiyot , melkamu samrawit 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Back ground: Gill parasitic is common on cultured and wild fish. Many of these species have long been recognized to have the potential to affect the growth, fecundity and survival of hosts.the objective of the study were to determine the prevalence and identify, gross and histopathological lesion of gills caused by Dactylogyrus and Gryodactylus spp. parasitic infection on naturally infected barbus fish.Result: A cross sectional study was conducted from in Lake Tana, amhara region. Three hundred eight four gill specimens were collected from barbus fish and of these, 22 (5.7%) of fish were infected with monogenean parasites. Higher prevalence of Dactylogyrus spp. (4.86%) was recorded than Gryodactylus sp (1.04). Large size fishes (≥ 20cm) were more susceptible to Dactylogyrus spp and Gryodactylus spp. However, highest prevalence of Dactylogyrus sp. was found in large fish size (6.85%). Gryodactylus sp. was not recorded in all small size fish. Descriptive statistics such as percentages was used to describe the nature and the characteristics of the disease. At gross examination of gills, hyperaemia and swollen, excess mucus secretion, paleness, congestion of branchial blood vessel were observed. Gills specimens of infected fish were fixed with10% formalin, for further identification and stained with the haematoxylin-eosin. Histopathological changes included hyperplasia, congestion and mucous cell proliferation of the gill epithelium and damaged primary and secondary lamellae, the uplifting of respiratory epithelial wall and damaged pillar cells. Conclusion: Gross and histopathological changes induced by the Dactylogyrus spp and Gryodactylus spp of parasites adversely affected the proper functioning of the gills of the host fish which can lead to detrimental effect on the health status of the fish and may result in huge economic losses through increased mortality.