bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Exenatide on Urinary Albumin in Overweight/Obese Patients with T2DM: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kang Chao , Qiao Qiao , Tong Qiang , Bai Qian , Huang Chen , Fan Rong , Wang Hui , Kaliannan Kanakaraju , Wang Jian , Xu Jing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of exenatide (EXE), a glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor agonist, on kidney function, obesity indices, and glucose control in overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 159 overweight/obese patients with T2DM were randomized to the EXE group or insulin glargine (GLAR) control group for a total treatment period of 24 weeks. EXE intervention significantly reduced the UAC at both week 12 and week 24 endpoints. The levels of the anthropometric parameters and glucose parameters, lipid parameters (TG and HDL-c), and inflammation biomarkers (CRP and TNF-α) in the EXE group were improved at 12 weeks or 24 weeks respectively (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, a comparison between two groups showed significant (P < 0.05) changes in anthropometric parameters, glucose parameters (FBG HBA1C, C-peptide, and HOMA-IR), lipid parameters (TG and HDL-c) and serum levels of CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α. Correlation network analysis showed that FGF 21 had a more central role in improving metabolism in the EXE group, and the change of FGF 21 was significantly negatively correlated with UAC at week 12 and week 24 respectively (r=-0.297, P = 0.010; r=-0.294, P = 0.012). Our results showed that EXE could help patients improve UAC, glycemic levels, and inflammatory biomarkers after a follow-up period of 24 weeks intervention, which may be partly mediating by FGF 21, indicating that EXE is an effective and safe way for albuminuria control in overweight/obese patients with T2DM.
Recent invasion and eradication of two members of the Euwallacea fornicatus species complex (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) from tropical greenhouses in Europe
Authors: Schuler Hannes , Witkowski Radosław , de Vossenberg Bart van , Hoppe Björn , Mittelbach Moritz , Bukovinszki Tibor , Schwembacher Stefan , de Meulengraaf Bas van , Lange Uwe , Rode Sabine , Andriolo Alessandro , Belka Marta , Mazur Andrzej , Battisti Andrea 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ambrosia beetles of the Euwallacea fornicatus species complex are emerging tree pests with a broad host range including important agricultural crops. Native to Southeast Asia, these species were introduced into various countries, where they cause considerable damage to many tree species. Here we report several outbreaks of E. fornicatus s.l. in Europe. The first individuals were found in 2017 in a palm house of a botanical garden in Poznan (Poland) whereas in 2020 an outbreak was detected in a tropical greenhouse in Merano (Italy). In 2021, two additional outbreaks were detected in two greenhouses in Germany, in Erfurt and Berlin. For the latter cases it was possible to trace back the invasion to a distributor of exotic plants in the Netherlands where several infected plants were detected. Molecular analysis show that individuals from Poland and Italy are genetically identical but belong to a different mitochondrial clade than individuals in Germany which are identical to most individuals of two greenhouses in the Netherlands. Moreover, in the two greenhouses in the Netherlands we found beetles that belong to another haplotype of E. fornicatus and two haplotypes of E. perbrevis, a species in the E. fornicatus complex, which has not been previously intercepted in Europe. Our study provides novel insights into the invasion history of E. fornicatus and the first eradication measures in Europe. Considering the high potential of introduction and establishment of Euwallacea ambrosia beetles, particular attention should be paid to monitor the presence of these pests in greenhouses across Europe.
Anionic Methyl Orange Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Activated Carbon Reinforced Conducting Polyaniline as Adsorbent: Synthesis, Characterization, Adsorption Behavior, Regeneration and Kinetics Study
Authors: Bekhoukh Amina , Moulefera Imane , Zeggai Fatima Zohra , Benyoucef Abdelghani , Bachari Khaldoune 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This work investigated the elimination of Methyl Orange (MO) using a new adsorbent prepared from Activated Carbon (AC) with polyaniline reinforced by a simple oxidation chemical method. The prepared materials were characterized using XRD, TGA, FTIR and nitrogen adsorption isotherms. Furthermore, PANI@CA highest specific surface area values (near 332 m2.g− 1) and total mesoporous volume (near 0.038 cm3.g− 1) displayed the better MO removal capacity (192.52 mg.g− 1 at 298 K and pH 6.0), which is outstandingly higher than that of PANI (46.82 mg.g− 1). Besides, the process's adsorption, kinetics, and isothermal analysis were examined using various variables such as pH, MO concentration and contact time. To pretend the adsorption kinetics, various kinetics models, the pseudo first- and pseudo second- orders, were exercised to the experimental results. The kinetic analysis revealed that the pseudo second order rate law performed better than the pseudo first order rate law in promoting the formation of the chemisorption phase. In the case of isothermal studies, an analysis of measured correlation coefficient (R2) values showed that the Langmuir model was a better match to experimental results than the Freundlich model. By regeneration experiments after five cycles, acceptable results were observed.
Linear programming feedrate optimization - Adaptive path sampling and feedrate override
Authors: Petráček Petr , Vlk Bořivoj , Švéda Jiří 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper focuses on two aspects of feedrate optimization via linear programming methods. Namely, the effect of curve sampling on time optimality of the resultant feedrate profile and a method of feedrate profile adaptation in response to a feedrate override command. A comparison of three distinct curve sampling approaches (uniform in parameter, uniform in arc length and curvature adaptive) is performed on a series of standard tool path curves. Results show that the curvature-adaptive sampling approach leads to substantial machining time reduction for tool path curves displaying high degree of curvature variation. Secondly, a method by which a new feedrate profile can be calculated in response to a feedrate override command is developed. The method formulates a new set of boundary conditions on the control point sequence of the feedrate curve in such a way that the resulting profile is guaranteed to coincide with the currently active profile up to the moment of override command, while minimizing the arc length necessary for transition to the newly commanded feedrate.
Determination of Some Growth Characteristics and Some Blood Values of The Goat Kids Fed with the Feed Containing Whey and Propolis
Authors: MANAV Selda , YILMAZ Murat 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to obtain an alternative, more economical and preferable milk substitute feed by adding whey powder to cow's milk in kid rearing and to determine the effect of propolis supplement on this diet. 40 Saanen goat kids born in the same period were divided into 4 groups, on average 7 days after taking colostrum, and while the 10 kids in the control group were kept together with their mothers. the kids in the other three groups, 10 heads in each one, were taken into seperate sections. Kids in all three experimental groups were fed only formula. In addition to the feed, 0.4 cc and 0.2 cc propolis were given to the kids in the second and third experimental groups, respectively, once a day. Some growth and development parameters and rectal temperature were measured once a week for 5 weeks from all groups and morning and evening diarrhea scoring was done. Some biochemical and hematological analyzes were performed. According to all the results obtained, the differences between the groups were found to be significant in terms of body temperature, glucose and urea evaluations, and the differences within the group in other characteristics were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The insignificant difference between the average growth and development parameters of the kids in the groups fed with the formula and the average of the kids in the control group is an important result in terms of growing kids economically and bringing goat's milk to the economy. According to the diarrhea scores, it has been observed that propolis is effective on diarrhea and can be used in growing kids as a preventive measure. Feeding kids with the formula was found more economical than feeding their mother's milk. As a result of this study, it can be said that the use of milk replacers containing whey and propolis will positively affect the growth, development and health of the kid.
Characterization of Aluminium Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites
Authors: Srivast Siddharth , Malik Vansh , Bhatnagar Mudit K. , Verma Neeraj , G Mamatha T , VISHNOI MOHIT 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Hybrid Metal Matrix composites have emerged as an epicentre of material research due to their vast applications and a wide array of reinforcement combinations. In this experiment, a hybrid Aluminum metal matrix composite has been fabricated by the double (two steps) stir casting method. The present study evaluates the mechanical properties of AA6061 in varying concentrations of silicon carbide with 5, 10, 15 and 20 weight percent (wt.%), in addition to Rice Husk Ash, Tungsten Carbide and Alumina Powder which are in a fixed quantity. Mechanical properties have been evaluated by conducting an Impact test, Hardness test, Flexural test and Tensile Strength. In addition, micrograph Images have been incorporated for analysing the microstructural characteristics of the Hybrid AMMC. It was observed that MMC properties such as Tensile Strength, Yield Strength, Hardness, Impact Strength were highest at 20 wt.% SiC. Hence, it was inferred that 20wt% SiC was an appropriate concentration for applications in automobile and aerospace pertaining to its augmented mechanical properties. In conclusion, prospects of future research are also explored.
Induced Genetic Variations in Stomatal Density and Size of Rice Strongly Affect Water-Use Efficiency, Drought Tolerance, and Responses to Abiotic Stresses
Authors: Pitaloka Mutiara K. , Caine Robert S. , Hepworth Christopher , Harrison Emily L. , Sloan Jen , Chutteang Cattleya , Phuntong Chutima , Nongngok Rungsan , Toojinda Theerayut , Ruengpayak Siriphat , Arikit Siwaret , Gray Julie E. , Vanavichit Apichart 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRice (Oryza sativa) is one of the world’s most important crops and is especially important in Asia. Because irrigated rice consumes about 34–43% of the total water used for irrigation globally, increasing drought and global temperature will increase the risk of rice crop loss. However, rice is among the least efficient crops in terms of water use, whereby most of the uptaken water is used for transpirational cooling via stomatal pores on the leaf blades and sheaths. To increase the water-use efficiency of rice, alterations in stomatal density and size may help to reduce transpiration and thereby increase water-use efficiency (WUE). ResultsWe identified four stomatal model lines—with either high-density (HD) or low-density (LD) stomata and small-sized (SS) or big-sized (BS) stomata—from the Mutant Core Collection (MCC) of 216 mutants. Gas exchange analysis revealed that the stomatal model lines have similar photosynthetic assimilation (A) and chlorophyll fluorescence. With increasing CO2 concentration, A of all stomatal model lines was observed to respond similarly at 100–600 ppm CO2, but beyond this point, SS was more responsive to increasing CO2 concentration than the other stomatal model lines. HD had higher stomatal conductance (gs) and gsmax than the other stomatal model lines. In response to a mild heat at 30 °C, both SS and LD had higher canopy temperature than HD, BS, and JHN-wt as a result of heat retention. All stomatal model lines are also similar in their rhythmic stomatal responses to ten-minute dark/light transition cycles, except that initial stomata closure in SS was more rapid than in BS. The stomatal model lines did not show any significant differences in the response to short-term water stress. Long-term water stress had less impact on leaf drying, Fv/Fm, grain yield, and harvest index in LD and SS. In the field, all stomatal model lines and JHN-wt had similar WUE in the sufficient-water treatment. LD had the highest WUE and biomass/plant than any stomatal model lines in the long-term restricted-water treatment. ConclusionsTaken together, our results suggest that induced alterations in stomata density and size influence rice WUE and the responses to drought and heat stresses, providing further understanding of the roles of stomata density and size in related processes. The low-density and small stomata lines have high potential as genetic donors for improving WUE and drought in climate-ready rice.
Kangiella Shandongensis Sp. Nov., A Novel Species Isolated From Saltern In Yantai, China
Authors: Peng Li-Yang , Yin Rui , Gao Shu-Kun , Jiang Hui-Ning , Liu Xiao-Xiao , Ma Yu , Zhou Yan-xia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, wheat, rod-shaped, motile, non-spore forming, and aerobic bacterium, designated as strain PIT, was isolated from saline silt samples collected in saltern in Yantai, Shandong, China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed a clear affiliation of strain PIT with the genus Kangiella. Strain PIT showed the closest phylogenetic relationship with Kangiella taiwanensis KT1T with the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 98.3%. The genome size of the strain PIT was 2809662 bp consisting of 2653 genes which include 39 tRNAs genes, 2 sRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. The major cellular fatty acids of strain PIT were identified as iso-C15:0, iso-C11:0, iso-C11:0 3-OH and Summed Feature 9 (iso-C17:1ω9c), and the major respiratory isoprenoid quinone was Q8. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine (PME) and phosphatidylinositol (PI). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 45.8 mol%. The Average Amino Acid identity (AAI) value between strain PIT and Kangiella sediminilitoris was 83.9%. The Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) values between strain PIT and Kangiella sediminilitoris, Kangiella aquimarina and Kangiella taiwanensis were 76.9%, 71.0% and 74.6%, respectively. The digital DNA-DNA Hybridization (dDDH) values between strain PIT and Kangiella sediminilitoris, Kangiella aquimarina and Kangiella taiwanensis were 19.8%, 19.1% and 18.7%, respectively. The results of 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, phenotypic characterizations, chemotaxonomic characterization and genome features indicate that strain PIT represents a novel specie of the genus Kangiella, for which the name Kangiella shandongensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PIT (KCTC 82509T = MCCC 1K04352T).
FCER1G Positively Relates To Macrophage Infiltration In Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma And Contributes To Unfavorable Prognosis By Regulating Tumor Immunity
Authors: Dong Keqin , Chen Wenjin , Pan Xiuwu , Wang Hongru , Sun Ye , Qian Cheng , Chen Weijie , Wang Chao , Yang Fu , Cui Xingang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are closely related to unfavorable prognosis of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, the important molecules in the interaction between ccRCC and TAMs are unclear.Methods: TCGA-KIRC gene expression data of tumor tissues and normal tissues adjacent to tumor were compared to identify differentially expressed genes in ccRCC. TAMs related genes were discovered by analyzing the correlation between these differentially expressed genes and common macrophage biomarkers. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed to predict functions of TAMs related gene. The findings were further validated using RNA sequencing data obtained from the CheckMate 025 study and immunohistochemical analysis of samples from 350 patients with ccRCC. Kaplan–Meier survival curve, Cox regression analysis and Harrell’s concordance index analysis were used to determine the prognostic significance.Results: In this study, we applied bioinformatic analysis to explore TAMs related differentially expressed genes in ccRCC and identified 5 genes strongly correlated with all selected macrophage biomarkers: STAC3, LGALS9, TREM2, FCER1G, and PILRA. Among them, FCER1G was abundantly expressed in tumor tissues and showed prognostic importance in patients with ccRCC who received treatment with Nivolumab; however, it did not exhibit prognostic value in those treated with Everolimus. We also discovered that high expression levels of FCER1G are related to T cell suppression. Moreover, combination of FCER1G and macrophage biomarker CD68 can improve the prognostic stratification of patients with ccRCC from TCGA-KIRC. Based on the immunohistochemical analysis of samples from patients with ccRCC, we further validated that FCER1G and CD68 are both highly expressed in tumor tissue and correlate with each other. Higher expression of CD68 or FCER1G in ccRCC tissue indicates shorter overall survival and progression-free survival; patients with high expression of both CD68 and FCER1G have the worst outcome. Combining CD68 and FCER1G facilitates the screening of patients with a worse prognosis from the same TNM stage group.Conclusions: High expression of FCER1G in ccRCC is closely related to TAMs infiltration and suppression of T cell function. Combining the expression levels of FCER1G and macrophage biomarker CD68 may be a promising postoperative prognostic index for patients with ccRCC.
Cross-Condition and Cross-Platform Remaining Useful Life Estimation Via Adversarial-Based Domain Adaptation
Authors: Zhao Dongdong , Liu Feng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Supervised machine learning is a traditionally remaining useful life (RUL) estimation tool, which requires a lot of prior knowledge. For the situation lacking labeled data, supervised methods are invalid for the issue of domain shift in data distribution. In this paper, a adversarial-based domain adaptation (ADA) architecture with convolution neural networks (CNN) for RUL estimation of bearings under different conditions and platforms, referred to as ADACNN, is proposed. Specifically, ADACNN is trained in source labeled data and fine-tunes to similar target unlabeled data via an adversarial training and parameters shared mechanism. Besides a feature extractor and source domain regressive predictor, ADACNN also includes a domain classifier that tries to guide feature extractor find some domain-invariant features, which differents with traditional methods and belongs to a unsupervised learning in target domain, which has potential application value and far-reaching significance in academia. In addition, according to different first predictive time (FPT) detection mechanisms, we also explores the impact of different FPT detection mechanisms on RUL estimation performance. Finally, according to extensive experiments, the results of RUL estimation of bearing in cross-condition and cross-platform prove that ADACNN architecture has satisfactory generalization performance and great practical value in industry.
UbiSites-SRF: Ubiquitination Sites Prediction Using Statistical Moment with Random Forest Approach
Authors: Murad Shazia , Mashat Arwa , Mahfooz Alia , Khan Sher Afzal , Barukab Omar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ubiquitination is the process that supports the growth and development of eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. It is helpful in regulating numerous functions such as the cell division cycle, caspase-mediated cell death, maintenance of protein transcription, signal transduction, and restoration of DNA damage. Because of these properties, its identification is essential to understand its molecular mechanism. Some traditional methods such as mass spectrometry and site-directed mutagenesis are used for this purpose, but they are tedious and time consuming. In order to overcome such limitations, interest in computational models of this type of identification is therefore being developed. In this study, an accurate and efficient classification model for identifying ubiquitination sites was constructed. The proposed model uses statistical moments for feature extraction along with random forest for classification. Three sets of ubiquitination are used to train and test the model. The model is assessed through 10-fold cross-validation and jackknife tests. We achieved a 10-fold accuracy of 100% for dataset-1, 99.88% for dataset-2 and 99.84% for the dataset-3, while with Jackknife test we got 100% for the dataset-1, 99.91% for dataset-2 and 99.99%. for the dataset-3. The results obtained are almost the maximum, which is far better as compared to the pre-existing models available in the literature.
Analysis of Abrasives On Cutting Edge Preparation By Drag Finishing
Authors: Lv Dejin , Wang Yongguo , Yu Xin , Chen Han , Gao Yuan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cutting edge preparation has become more important for tool performance. The micro-shape, radius and surface topography of the cutting edge plays a significant role in the machining process. The cutting edge of solid carbide end mills have some micro-defects after grinding. For eliminating aforementioned problem, this study investigates drag finishing (DF) preparation for solid carbide end mills reconstruct cutting edge micro-geometry. This paper is to present the design of DF experimental set-up and analysis the characterization of various abrasive media (K3/600, K3/400, HSC 1/300 and HSO 1/100) on the evolution of the surface /roughness along the cutting edge. In parallel, the mechanism of material removal and the kinematics trajectory of the drag finishing are presented. In fact, the form factor (also called as “K-factor”) of the cutting edge micro-geometry is quantified. Comparing with four lapping media, the higher material removal rate (MRR) and the lower surface roughness are obtained by HSO 1/100 abrasive process. The results show that the cutting edge K-factor, MRR and surface topography are influenced by the abrasive particles size, composition and process time. The cutting edge micro-geometry is measured through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and 3D Optical measuring instrument.
The Intermediation Role of Central Cyclooxygenase Products TXA2, PGF2α, PGE, and PGD in Orexin-evoked Cardiovascular Effects
Authors: Altınbaş Burçin , Bayram Gökcen Guvenc , Yalcin Murat 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Centrally injected some prostaglandins (PG) and orexin (OX) produce similar cardiovascular responses. We have recently reported that both central cyclooxygenase (COX) and central lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes mediate the cardiovascular effects of OX. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the mediating effects of thromboxane (TX) A2, PGD, PGE, and PGF2a, as COX pathway subproducts known to be active in cardiovascular control, on cardiovascular responses elicited by OX. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of OX increased cardiovascular levels in normotensive male Sprague Dawley rats. Moreover, central pretreatment with the TXA2 synthesis inhibitor furegrelate, PGF2α receptor antagonist, PGF2α-dimethylamine, PGE, and PGD receptor antagonist AH6809 partially attenuated the centrally administered OX -induced pressor and tachycardic cardiovascular responses in rats. In conclusion, our results show that i.c.v. injection of OX increases blood pressure and heart rate. Moreover, TXA2, PGF2α, PGE, and PGD mediate, at least in part, the centrally applied OX -evoked pressor and tachycardic responses. The results suggest that centrally injected OX -evoked pressor and tachycardia responses may also be mediated by arachidonic acid metabolites other than TXA2, PGF2α, PGE, and PGD.