bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interplay of Motivation, Attitude, and Anxiety on L1 and L2 Reading Frequency in Indonesia
Authors: Murtiningsih Sri Rejeki , Puspitasari Evi , Purbohadi Dwijoko , Hidayatullah Sibakhul Milad Malik 
Published: December 2024

Motivation, attitude, and anxiety are significant to overall academic achievement. However, these variables were often looked at in isolation. This study examined reading motivation and attitude, reading anxiety, and reading frequency among high school students in Indonesia (n = 4738). Three close-ended questionnaires—the Foreign Language Reading Attitudes and Motivation Scale (FLRAMS), the Foreign Language Reading Anxiety Scale (FLRAS), and a reading frequency scale—were employed and distributed electronically. Descriptive quantitative analysis was used to map the current condition of reading based on three variables. The data revealed the correlation between reading motivation and attitude with reading frequency in L1 and L2 and reading anxiety in two different realms. The result showed that the level of motivation and attitude (M= 2.75; SD= 0.45) and anxiety (M= 2.71; SD= 0.49) in reading was at a moderate-to-high level. The L1 and L2 reading frequency differed in that L1 was at 5-6 hours a week (M= 2.81; SD= 1.06) and L2 at 2-4 hours a week (M= 1.82; SD= 0.87). The correlation then showed a positive significant correlation between reading motivation and frequency in both L1 and L2, though positively weak in L1 (p value= 0.000 < 0.05, r = 0.075) and very weakly negative in L2 (p value= 0.000 < 0.05; r= -0.058). Reading anxiety did not significantly correlate with L1 reading frequency (p value= 0.538 > 0.05; r = 0.009) but showed a significant correlation in L2 (p value= 0.003 < 0.05, r = -0.043). The result highlights the need for effective reading strategies and comprehensive teacher strategies that address diverse student needs. It finally emphasizes the importance of integrating cognitive and socio-cultural factors into literacy theories to enhance overall literacy outcomes, particularly in reading.
Strategies of Normative Ambivalence in Critical Theories of Recognition for the Decolonised Diagnosis of Conflict and Oppression
Authors: Allsobrook Christopher 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A context of protracted postcolonial misrecognition and social injustice brought most of the contributors to this special issue together. This context raises an acute awareness of the ideological limitations not only of the dominant normative frameworks of recognition, developed by social and political theorists such as Axel Honneth, Nancy Fraser, and Charles Taylor, but of the African philosophical conceptions of recognition represented by ubuntu. What is the ethical or normative status of the insights into social ontology that we find in theories of recognition? The authors acknowledge the entanglement of norms of recognition in contested relations of power that influence the formation of subjects and the normative ambivalence of recognition which enables and constrains subjective agency. Ongoing inequality and social injustice makes palpable the practical effects of norms of mis/recognition. The authors reinterpret the concept of recognition to allow for normative ambivalence and ideological sensitivity in the current postcolonial setting.
Navigating the ‘Ideology of Eros’ in the Politics of Recognition
Authors: Hurst Andrea 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article discusses Charles Taylor's analysis of the ‘politics of recognition’, which reveals that the major versions of the latter share an ideological conception of Eros as a binding, unifying force. Such striving for oneness is seen as key to forming harmonious, just communities and nations, and ultimately global cohesion. I refer to this as the ‘ideology of Eros’. However, Taylor highlights an ironically divisive opposition concerning how to realise such oneness, based on incompatible foundational principles: ‘sameness’ and ‘difference’. Instead of a choice, Taylor opts for the demanding political task of ongoing negotiation between them. I augment Taylor's analysis by re-evaluating the figure of ‘non-recognition’ arising from Lacan's critique of the ‘ideology of Eros’, which is centred on Socrates’ encounter with Alcibiades in Plato's Symposium and to which he adds his notion of genuine love, which affirms an ethic of healthy ‘non-recognition’. I argue that this ethic supports the difficult political task that Taylor rightly calls for.
I See You, You See Me
Authors: Kelland Lindsay 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this article, I explore the potential of reciprocal relations of recognition of epistemic agency to respond to calls to transform pedagogical practice in the South African academy and, in particular, to disrupt ongoing epistemic injustice in the academy. First, I put forward a picture of recognition as a practice underpinned by an attitude of playful self-discipline and spend some time elucidating what this attitude involves. Second, I turn to a description of epistemic agents as socially and historically situated knowers with normative status. Third, I bring these discussions together to speak about the practice of recognising our own and one another's epistemic agency. And, finally, I explore how intentionally engaging in this practice might serve to respond to calls to transform pedagogical practice and address epistemic injustice in the academy.
Two-stage spinal osteotomy combined with lateral lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar kyphosis: illustrative case
Authors: Nakano Masato , Yashima Yushi , Imai Tatsuro , Kondo Miho , Kawaguchi Yoshiharu 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
Adult spinal reconstructive surgery that requires multilevel spinal fusion is highly invasive and requires two-stage surgery using lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) and/or percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS) fixation to make it less invasive. However, it is still difficult to make spinal osteotomy less invasive, and the high complication rate is an issue.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors present the surgical techniques of a two-stage Schwab grade 4 spinal osteotomy using LLIF, which could reduce surgical invasiveness and enable good correction and anterior spinal column reconstruction for lumbar kyphosis, and also report a case treated with this procedure. The first surgery consisted of L2–5 LLIF and L6–S1 posterior lumbar interbody fusion with temporary PPS fixation. The second surgery, 2 weeks after the first surgery, was a grade 4 osteotomy performed in the L4 vertebral body at a 30° angle toward the center of the LLIF cage between L3 and L4, followed by PPS fixation from T10 to the pelvis and additional fixation with two collateral rods.

LESSONS
Two-stage grade 4 osteotomy using LLIF could reduce invasiveness and blood loss while providing good anterior support. This surgical method is expected to make spinal reconstruction surgeries requiring osteotomy less invasive.
https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24515
Hierarchical photonic LANs using spectral folding
Authors: Joseph Sabu , Todd Terence D. 
Published: December 2024

Local area networks based on passive optical star couplers were originally proposed to exploit the enormous bandwidth of optical fiber [1]. Unfortunately, the maximum throughput of these systems is restricted by the limited number of channels which can be achieved in practice. To address this problem, two‐level hierarchical WDM LANs have been proposed [2–4]. These architectures can increase system capacity by permitting a set of local channels (i.e., the local waveband) to be spatially reused across a number of local optical networks (LONs). Full connectivity is maintained by a globally shared remote waveband. In systems of this kind the channels are typically accessed using a single wavelength‐agile transmitter at each station [4]. Since fast receiver tuning is currently more difficult to achieve, practical designs are based on dynamic transmitter tuning only [2–4]. Receiver tuning is performed only rarely or during system initialization. An unfortunate complication with hierarchical networks is that stations must maintain a presence in both wavebands. In fixed‐tuned receiver designs this means that each station must have one receiver for each waveband. As a result, the amount of station receiver hardware is at least twice that required for single passive star networks just to maintain full connectivity. In this paper, a simple technique is proposed for eliminating this requirement. In the remote section of the network, fixed wavelength conversion is used to fold certain remote wavelengths onto the local ones. This results in an interesting design where the local/remote allocation of bandwidth is dynamically controlled temporally by the stations from the edge of the network. Full connectivity can be maintained with only half the total number of station receivers and the capacity can scale linearly with the number of LONs, as in conventional hierarchies. The price to pay for this simplification however, is that capacity is lost through the wavelength folding process. New media access protocols are required to prevent conflicts in this case. The capacity and delay performance of the system is investigated for four proposed media access control protocols.
On dynamically establishing and terminating isochronous message streams in WDM star‐based lightwave networks
Authors: Wang Bin , Hou Jennifer C. , Han Ching‐Chih 
Published: December 2024

Complement to our prior work in [21], we address in this paper the problem of dynamically establishing/terminating real‐time message streams in response to call setup/clear requests in single‐hop star‐coupled WDM optical networks. We consider a network architecture in which N stations are connected to a star coupler with W data channels (W≤N) and one control channel. Each of the W data channels is slotted and shared by the N stations by means of time division multiplexing. The control channel is used for stations to coordinate the call establishment and termination operations. We propose a distributed, dynamic slot allocation scheme to allocate/de‐allocate time slots on the W data channels to message streams, with the objective of meeting message deadlines. To facilitate slot assignment, the proposed scheme first decomposes each message stream into a set of message sub‐streams, and groups the time slots on each wavelength channel into sub‐channels. In response to a call setup request, the proposed scheme then allocates one or more empty sub‐channels available over the W data channels to a message stream to fulfill its temporal requirement, subject to the source/destination constraints and that the temporal guarantees to existing message streams should not be violated. On the other hand, in response to a call clear request, the proposed scheme releases the slots allocated to the terminated message stream, and merges, if appropriate, empty sub‐channels to facilitate future message stream establishment. We formally prove the properties, and the correctness of, the proposed dynamic slot allocation scheme.
ETERCA: an End‐to‐End Rate Control Algorithm for packet switching networks
Authors: Mascolo S. , Grieco L.A. , Di Sciascio E. 
Published: December 2024

This paper presents an end‐to‐end rate control algorithm for packet switching networks that is executed at the traffic entry nodes. The controller estimates both the bottleneck queue length and available bandwidth to compute the input rate. The aim of the algorithm is to preserve all advantages of the end‐to‐end principle without incurring in reduced performances typical of algorithms that do not use explicit feedback. The proposed End‐to‐End Rate Control Algorithm (ETERCA) is implemented in the context of ATM networks and compared w.r.t. the Explicit Rate Indication Control Algorithm (ERICA) over single bottleneck scenarios and GFC‐2 test bed. Simulation results clearly indicate that ETERCA ensures network stability, full utilization and fairness in bandwidth allocation also in the presence of networks with large bandwidth‐delay product.
Pengaruh Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia terhadap Kinerja Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) melalui Komitmen Afektif sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Ahmad Fahrur Rizal , Wati Intan Ratna 
Published: December 2024

ENGLISHEmployee performance is the most important factor, but there is a decline in performance at the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) Pati Regency. This study aims to analyze the effect of human resource development on employee performance with affective commitment as an intervening variable. The population in this study were employees of BPKAD Pati Regency using purposive sampling with a sample size of 124 employees involved in this study. This study uses descriptive and quantitative methods, as well as multivariate analysis tools. Extensive variable analysis is provided by the Smart Partial Least Square (PLS) application program. The research results show that human resource development has a positive effect on affective commitment and employee performance. Affective commitment also has a positive effect on employee performance, and affective commitment can mediate the influence between HR development and performance. INDONESIAKinerja karyawan merupakan faktor terpenting, akan tetapi terjadi penurunan kinerja pada Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan Dan Aset Daerah (BPKAD) Kabupaten Pati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana pengembangan sumber daya manusia berdampak pada kinerja karyawan dengan komitmen afektif sebagai variabel intervening. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan BPKAD Kabupaten Pati dengan menggunakan purposive sampling diperoleh sampel sebanyak 124 karyawan. Studi ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan kuantitatif, serta alat analisis multivariat. Analisis variabel lebih mendalam diberikan dengan penggunaan model Structural Equation Modelling dan menggunakan program aplikasi Smart Partial Least Square (PLS). Penelitian ini memiliki hasil bahwa pengembangan SDM memiliki pengaruh positif pada komitmen afektif dan kinerja karyawan. Komitmen afektif juga memiliki pengaruh positif pada kinerja karyawan, dan komitmen afektif dapat memediasi pengaruh antara pengembangan SDM dan kinerja.
Synthesis, Antibacterial Properties and Molecular Docking of Nitrobenzoylthiourea Compounds and their Copper(II) Complex
Authors: MOHD YUNUS NURINA ASYURA BINTI , MOHAMAD ARIF MAYA ASYIKIN , MOHAMAD SINANG FAZIA 
Published: December 2024

The rise of multidrug-resistant microbial pathogens has increased the demand for highly effective antibiotics. Five nitrobenzoylthiourea ligands (1–5) with amino acid side chains and their corresponding Cu(II) complexes (6–10) were synthesised with yields ranging from 43% to 90%. The successful synthesis of ligands 1-5 were confirmed by the absence of the ν(NCS) stretching band and the presence of the ν(NH) band, indicating the complete reaction of all (NCS) with a series of amino acids as well as the appearance of two N-H signals in the 1H NMR spectra of all the synthesised ligands. On the other hand, the shift of the (C=O) carboxylic peaks in the Cu(II) complexes suggested successful coordination of ligands to the metal ion via the carboxylate group. The antibacterial activities of these compounds were tested against six bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the disc diffusion method. The Cu(II) complexes (6-10) exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity compared to the ligands (1-5), especially against gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa). For example, compound 4 showed moderate activity against K. pneumoniae with a 14 mm inhibition zone while its Cu(II) complexes, 8 recorded better inhibition against K. pneumoniae with a 16 mm inhibition zone. Molecular docking studies on all complexes (6-10) also revealed higher binding affinity with targeted proteins with binding energy between -10.4 kcal/mol to -9.0 kcal/mol, in comparison with ligand 2 and 4 with the binding energy of only -7.7 kcal/mol (against S. aureus) and -6.9 kcal/mol (against K. pneumoniae). The enhanced antibacterial activity of all complexes correlates with the higher binding affinity obtained for all complexes. Hence, this study concludes that the nitrobenzoylthiourea derivatives, and particularly their Cu(II) complexes can show potential as antibacterial agent although more thorough investigation are required to develop these compounds into useful drugs.
Effectiveness of educational intervention in improving physical activity and nutritional performance among pregnant women: a pre-post quasi-experimental study using health belief model
Authors: Khani Jeihooni Ali , Razmjouie Fatemeh , Jormand Hanieh , Sedghi Jahromi Fariba , Afzali Harsini Pooyan , Kamyab Amirhossein , Ghalehgolab Farzaneh 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPhysical activity and proper nutrition during pregnancy are crucial for maternal and fetal health. However, many pregnant women fail to meet recommended guidelines. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) in improving these behaviors.MethodsA pre-post with control quasi-experimental study was conducted among 200 pregnant women (100 experimental and 100 control) in Shiraz, Iran. The intervention group attended eight weekly 50-minute educational sessions based on the HBM. Physical activity and nutritional performance were assessed using validated questionnaires at baseline and three months post-intervention. Data were analyzed using paired and independent t-tests, with effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals reported.ResultsThe intervention significantly improved physical activity (mean score: 29.25 ± 4.42 vs. 12.28 ± 4.36, p &lt; 0.001) and nutritional performance across all food groups (p &lt; 0.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Key constructs of the HBM, including perceived sensitivity, severity, benefits, self-efficacy, and cues to action, showed significant increases with notable effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals, while perceived barriers significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsThe educational intervention based on the HBM effectively improved physical activity and nutritional performance among pregnant women. Integrating such programs into routine prenatal care is recommended, with emphasis on personalized counseling, regular follow-ups, and spousal involvement to sustain behavioral changes and promote maternal and fetal health.
Efficacy and safety of chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting BCMA and GPRC5D in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Yang Xu , Wang Feiqing , Yuan Xiaoshuang , Yang Bo , Chen Juan , Cheng Jinyang , Liu Guangyang , Tang Dongxin , Xu Xiao , Wang Sanbin , He Zhixu , Liu Yang , Li Yanju 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundClinical studies have demonstrated the high efficacy of using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and orphan G protein-coupled receptor, class C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) to treat relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). In this study, we compared the efficacy and safety of BCMA CAR-T-cell therapy (BCMA CAR-T) and GPRC5D CAR T-cell therapy (GPRC5D CAR-T) in patients with RRMM.MethodsWe retrieved and included eligible clinical trials of BCMA or GPRC5D CAR-T for RRMM patients. The primary outcomes for efficacy were overall response rate (ORR), complete response rate (CRR), minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity, and relapse rate. The primary outcomes for safety were cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS).ResultsWe incorporated 18 early-phase, single-arm clinical trials, which included 503 and 133 patients receiving BCMA CAR-T and GPRC5D CAR-T, respectively. For the GPRC5D CAR-T cohort, the estimated ORR, CRR, MRD negativity rate, and relapse rate were found to be 89.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), 82.8%–96.9%], 50.5% (95% CI, 38.0%–62.9%), 78.8% (95% CI, 53.0%–100%), and 26.0% (95% CI, 7.4%–44.6%), respectively. In the BCMA CAR-T group, the ORR was 76.3% (95% CI, 67.9%–84.7%), the CRR was 34.3% (95% CI, 25.9%–42.7%), the MRD negativity rate was 76.5% (95% CI, 63.1%–90.0%), and the recurrence rate was 57.3% (95% CI, 47.7%–66.9%). These values were significantly lower than those observed in the GPRC5D CAR-T cohort. Both BCMA and GPRC5D CAR-T demonstrated acceptable safety. The estimated incidence of BCMA CAR-T resulting in grade 3–5 CRS and ICANS was only 5.4% (95% CI, 2.0%–10.4%) and 3.3% (95% CI, 0.6%–8.0%), respectively. The estimated incidence of GPRC5D CAR-T resulting in grade 3–5 CRS and ICANS was only 1.6% (95% CI, 0.0%–6.5%) and 2.7% (95% CI, 0.7%–6.2%), respectively.ConclusionGPRC5D CAR-T potentially demonstrates enhanced effectiveness relative to BCMA CAR-T in treating patients with RRMM. Therefore, GPRC5D CAR-T can be regarded as the preferred therapeutic option for RRMM, particularly among patients who have undergone relapse subsequent to BCMA CAR-T treatment.
Enhancing oncolytic virotherapy by extracellular vesicle mediated microRNA reprograming of the tumour microenvironment
Authors: Jennings Victoria A. , Rumbold-Hall Reah , Migneco Gemma , Barr Tyler , Reilly Katrina , Ingram Nicola , St Hilare Isabelle , Heaton Samuel , Alzamel Noura , Jackson David , Ralph Christy , Banerjee Susan , McNeish Iain , Bell John C. , Melcher Alan A. , Ilkow Carolina , Cook Graham P. , Errington-Mais Fiona 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThere has been limited success of cancer immunotherapies in the treatment of ovarian cancer (OvCa) to date, largely due to the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME). Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a major component of both the primary tumour and malignant ascites, promoting tumour growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, chemotherapy resistance and immunosuppression. Differential microRNA (miRNA) profiles have been implicated in the plasticity of TAMs. Therefore, delivering miRNA to TAMs to promote an anti-tumour phenotype is a novel approach to reverse their pro-tumour activity and enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) preferentially replicate in tumour cells making them ideal vehicles to deliver miRNA mimetics to the TME. Importantly, miRNA expressed by OVs get packaged within tumour-derived extracellular vesicles (TDEVs), and release of TDEV is augmented by OV infection, thus enhancing the dissemination of miRNA throughout the TME.MethodSmall RNA sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed miRNA during TAM generation and following LPS/IFNγ stimulation to induce an anti-tumour phenotype. Two differentially expressed miRNA identified, miR-155 and miR-19a, were cloned into oncolytic rhabdovirus (ORV), and anti-tumour efficacy was investigated using both in vitro and in vivo models of OvCa.ResultsThis study demonstrates that ORV infection enhances TDEV production in OvCa cell lines both in vitro and in vivo and that TDEV are preferentially taken up by myeloid cells, including TAMs. Small RNA sequencing identified 23 miRNAs that were significantly upregulated in anti-tumour TAMs, including miR-155-5p. While 101 miRNAs were downregulated during pro-tumour TAM differentiation, including miR-19a-3p. Culturing TDEV expressing miR-155 or miR-19a with TAMs reversed their immunosuppressive activity, as measured by T cell proliferation. While ORV-miR-155 enhanced the generation of anti-tumour T cells, only ORV-miR19a significantly improved survival of mice bearing ovarian tumours.ConclusionThis study demonstrates (i) that arming ORVs with immunomodulatory miRNA is an effective approach to deliver miRNA to myeloid cells within the TME and (ii) that miRNA have the capacity to reverse the tumour promoting properties of TAMs and improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies, such as OV.