bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Groundwater quality modeling: On the analogy between integrative PSO and MRFO mathematical and machine learning models
Authors: Zounemat‐Kermani Mohammad , Mahdavi‐Meymand Amin , Fadaee Marzieh , Batelaan Okke , Hinkelmann Reinhard 
Published: June 2021

AbstractReliable and accurate modeling of groundwater quality is an important element of sustainable groundwater management of productive aquifers. In this research, specific conductance (SC) of groundwater is predicted based on different individual and integrative machine learning, adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), and nonlinear mathematical models. For developing the integrative models, the well‐known particle swarm optimization (PSO) and novel manta ray foraging optimization (MRFO) heuristic algorithms are embedded in the models. Presenting different univariate, bivariate, and multivariate input scenarios, the parameters used to develop and validate the models include groundwater level, salinity, and water temperature at an observation well near Florida City. The findings reveal that applying more independent parameters (multivariate scenario) enhances the performance of both the mathematical and machine learning models. Even though the mathematical models present an acceptable performance for the prediction of SC (index of agreement, IA, equals 0.933), the ANFIS models provide the most accurate SC predictions (IA = 0.943). Both the PSO and MRFO algorithms improved the prediction capability of the ANFIS models with, respectively, 13% and 5% for the RMSE.
Agroecology and the metropolitan biopolitics of food in Cape Town and Johannesburg
Authors: Kroll Florian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAs urban food systems erode the ecological foundations of society, researchers advocate multi‐level and adaptive governance to promote transitions toward sustainability. Agroecological discourse proposes transition to resilient, localized, and democratic city–region food systems, but neoliberal interpretations subvert radical aspirations. In the South African metropoles of Johannesburg and Cape Town, the governance terrain entails a concentrated industrial food system providing large, impoverished populations with unhealthy food derived from monocultures and transported along global value chains. Governing these urban food systems toward agroecological transition requires engagement with state governance mechanisms and rationalities. Considering state capabilities to promote agroecological transitions, the paper shows that fragmented institutional structures, policy patchworks, intersecting logics of control, and divergent ideologies constitute an ambiguous governance terrain posing major hurdles to transition. For metropolitan states to muster the will and assemble means for deep transformation of food systems and dominant state rationalities, a compelling alternative narrative must emerge. This requires persistent strategic engagement between officials and agroecological movements. To cultivate fertile political ground for seeds of deep, just transitions to take root, agroecology movements must grasp the nettle of metropolitan state capabilities.
Cerebrospinal fluid analysis lacks diagnostic specificity in dogs with vestibular disease
Authors: Danciu Cecilia Gabriella , Szladovits Balazs , Crawford Abbe Harper , Ognean Laurentiu , De Decker Steven 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlthough, vestibular syndrome is a common neurological presentation, little is known about the diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis in vestibular syndrome in dogs.MethodsMedical records were retrospectively reviewed, and dogs with vestibular disease that had undergone magnetic resonance imaging of the head, CSF analysis and were diagnosed with central or peripheral vestibular syndrome were included. Disorders affecting the central vestibular system included meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO), brain neoplasia, ischaemic infarct, intracranial empyema or metronidazole toxicity. Disorders affecting the peripheral vestibular system included idiopathic vestibular disease, otitis media/interna or neoplasia affecting the inner ear structures. Total nucleated cell concentration (TNCC), total protein concentration (TP) and cytologic assessment were recorded.ResultsA total of 102 dogs met the inclusion criteria. The sensitivity and specificity of increased CSF TNCC to differentiate central from peripheral vestibular syndrome was 49% and 90%, while the sensitivity and specificity of increased TP was 58% and 39%, respectively. The TNCC and TP in dogs with MUO were significantly higher than in dogs with idiopathic vestibular disease (p = 0.000 and p = 0.004). MUO was associated with lymphocytic pleocytosis, while idiopathic vestibular disease and ischaemic infarct were associated with the presence of activated macrophages or normal cytology (p = 0.000).ConclusionAlthough consistent CSF abnormalities were observed in dogs with MUO, CSF analysis did not allow reliable differentiation between central and peripheral vestibular syndrome. CSF analysis is not reliable as the sole diagnostic technique in dogs with vestibular disease.
KLT factorization of winding string amplitudes
Authors: Gomis Jaume , Yan Ziqi , Yu Matthew 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We uncover a Kawai-Lewellen-Tye (KLT)-type factorization of closed string amplitudes into open string amplitudes for closed string states carrying winding and momentum in toroidal compactifications. The winding and momentum closed string quantum numbers map respectively to the integer and fractional winding quantum numbers of open strings ending on a D-brane array localized in the compactified directions. The closed string amplitudes factorize into products of open string scattering amplitudes with the open strings ending on a D-brane configuration determined by closed string data.
Role of pressure in stabilization of oxynitride phosphor synthesis
Authors: Adamczyk Barbara J. , Poelman Dirk , Korthout Katleen , Michalik Daniel , Pawlik Tomasz , Sopicka-Lizer Małgorzata 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe possibilities of improving the crystallization and optical properties of strontium europium oxonitridosilicate phosphor powders were discussed. Two different routes of synthesis were presented: traditional solid-state reaction method and gas pressure synthesis. It was proven that altering the partial pressure during the process of synthesis enhances crystallization of a desired single, triclinic SrSi2O2N2 phase. XANES measurements confirmed complete reduction of the trivalent europium activator ions in all of the tested materials. The photoluminescent properties were determined by emission, excitation and decay times measurements. CIE1931 colour points and luminous efficacy were calculated as well. Thermal quenching studies in the range of 0–225 °C confirmed good thermal stability of the investigated powders combined with excellent quantum efficiency at room temperature.
Cognitive trajectories in multiple sclerosis: a long-term follow-up study
Authors: Carotenuto Antonio , Costabile Teresa , Pontillo Giuseppe , Moccia Moccia , Falco Fabrizia , Petracca Maria , Petruzzo Martina , Russo Cinzia Valeria , Di Stasi Martina , Paolella Chiara , Perillo Teresa , Vola Elena Augusta , Cipullo Maria Brunella , Cocozza Sirio , Lanzillo Roberta , Brescia Morra Vincenzo , Saccà Francesco 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Cognitive impairment occurs in multiple sclerosis (MS) and undergoes a progressive worsening over disease course. However, clinicians still struggle to predict the course of cognitive function. To evaluate baseline clinical and imaging predictors of cognitive abilities worsening over time, we performed a latent trajectory analysis for cognitive performances in MS patients, up to 15 years from disease onset.

Methods
We collected age, sex, education, dominant and non-dominant 9-hole peg test (9HP) and timed 25-foot walk (T25-FW) as well as MRI measures (grey matter volume and lesion load) within 6 months from disease diagnosis for relapsing–remitting MS (RR-MS) patients. At diagnosis and over the follow-up, we also assessed cognitive status through the symbol digit modalities test (SDMT). Cognitive impairment was defined by applying age-, gender- and education-adjusted normative values. Group-based trajectory analysis was performed to determine trajectories, and the predictive value of clinical and imaging variables at baseline was assessed through multinomial logistic regression.

Results
We included 148 RR-MS (98 females and 50 males). Over 11 ± 4 year follow-up, 51.4% remained cognitively stable whereas 48.6% cognitively worsened. Cognitively worsening patients had a higher T25FW time (p = 0.004) and a reduced hippocampal volume at baseline (p = 0.04).

Conclusion
Physical disability as well as hippocampal atrophy might depict patients at risk of cognitive worsening over the disease course. Therefore, using such predictors, clinicians may select patients to carefully evaluate for cognitive impairment as to eventually introduce cognitive rehabilitation treatments.
Wing-waving behaviors are used for conspecific display in the Japanese scorpionfly, Panorpa japonica
Authors: Ishihara Ryo , Miyatake Takahisa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSpecies of scorpionfly (Mecoptera) in the family Panorpidae perform wing-waving behaviors, whereby they rotate their front and rear wings at the same time. Previous studies have suggested that a male, which carries food for use as nuptial gifts for females, performs the wing-waving behavior when the male gives the gift to a female or competes with other males. However, when and how the wing-waving behavior occurs during a series of nuptial giftings and male–male competitions have not been investigated. Therefore, we here observed the role of wing-waving behavior during the processes of giving nuptial gifts and male–male competition in the Japanese scorpionfly Panorpa japonica in the laboratory and field. Unlike previous studies, only males performed wing-waving behavior toward females, while females did not exhibit the behavior in the wild. Also, males always performed wing-waving behavior before male–male competition. After a male–male competition, winner males continued wing-waving behavior, but loser males never performed the behavior against the winner male. A comparison of wing-waving behaviors before competitions between winner and loser males showed that the frequencies of wing-waving behaviors were higher in winner than in loser males. The present results suggest that the wing-waving behavior functions in the inter-sexual and intra-sexual selection in P. japonica. Digital video images related to the article are available at http://www.momo-p.com/showdetail-e.php?movieid=momo210513pj01a and http://www.momo-p.com/showdetail-e.php?movieid=momo210513pj02a and http://www.momo-p.com/showdetail-e.php?movieid=momo210513pj03a.
Schwannoma of the abdominal wall: updated literature review
Authors: Panici Tonucci Tommaso , Sironi Andrea , Pisa Eleonora , Di Venosa Benedetta , Bonavina Luigi 
Published: June 2021

Summary
Background
Schwannoma is a benign tumor arising from Schwann cells of the peripheral nerves. It is often asymptomatic and can develop in the retroperitoneum, mediastinum, head and neck region, and upper and lower extremities. Schwannoma of the abdominal wall is extremely rare, but differential diagnosis with malignant neoplasms is important to reduce the risk of undertreatment.

Methods
A narrative review of abdominal wall schwannoma was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science database and the search terms “schwannoma”, “neurinoma”, “neurilemmoma”, “soft tissue tumors”, “neurogenic tumor”, “rectus abdominis mass”, “abdominal wall”. In addition, the hospital charts were reviewed to report the personal experience.

Results
Only 9 single case-reports of benign schwannoma of the abdominal wall were found in the English medical literature over the past decade. None of the patients received preoperative biopsy and all were resected with clear margins. In addition to the literature review, we report the case of a 58-year-old man referred for a palpable mass in the left upper abdominal quadrant. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a solid and well-encapsulated mass inside the left rectus abdominis muscle. A core biopsy of the lesion provided the diagnosis of cellular schwannoma and this was confirmed by histopathologic examination of the surgical specimen.

Conclusions
Benign schwannoma of the abdominal wall is extremely rare. Percutaneous core needle biopsy is important for the differential diagnosis with more common and biologically more aggressive malignancies, such as desmoid tumors and sarcomas, and may be relevant for planning the most appropriate management.
Hydrolytic stability of anticancer drugs and one metabolite in the aquatic environment
Authors: Toński Michał , Dołżonek Joanna , Stepnowski Piotr , Białk-Bielińska Anna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDue to the genotoxic, carcinogenic and teratogenic mechanism of action, anticancer drugs are highly hazardous compounds. Their occurrence, fate, and effects in the environment have not been systematically studied as compared to other medicaments. Therefore, reliable data, including their stability and persistency, is required in order to assess it. Taking into account, that hydrolysis is one of the most important factors regarding stability of chemicals in water, the aim of our study was to investigate the hydrolytic stability of five commonly used anticancer drugs (ifosfamide, cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, imatinib, and methotrexate) and one metabolite (7-hydroxymethotrexate), as the systematized and coherent data available is limited. The hydrolysis studies have been prepared according to the OECD 111 procedure to obtain standardized and comparable results. The preliminary tests at pH 4, 7, and 9 and 50 °C show that only cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide are unstable, whereas the estimated t1/2 at 25 °C is >1 year for other investigated compounds. Moreover, much more detailed experiments were performed and indicate that at environmentally relevant temperatures, cyclophosphamide, and ifosfamide would be quite persistent in the terms of hydrolytic stability. Moreover, the preliminary investigation on the hydrolysis products was performed.
Environmental Product Declarations for plants and soils: how to quantify carbon uptake in landscape design and construction?
Authors: Kuittinen Matti , Hautamäki Ranja , Tuhkanen Eeva-Maria , Riikonen Anu , Ariluoma Mari 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurposeCurrently, no clear guidance exists for ISO and EN standards of calculating, verifying, and reporting the climate impacts of plants, mulches, and soils used in landscape design and construction. In order to optimise the potential of ecosystem services in the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions in the built environment, we unequivocally propose their inclusion when assessing sustainability.MethodsWe analysed the life cycle phases of plants, soils, and mulches from the viewpoint of compiling standard-based Environmental Product Declarations. In comparison to other construction products, the differences of both mass and carbon flows were identified in these products.ResultsLiving and organic products of green infrastructure require an LCA approach of their own. Most importantly, if conventional life cycle guidance for Environmental Product Declarations were to be followed, over time, the asymmetric mass and carbon flows would lead to skewed conclusions. Moreover, the ability of plants to reproduce raises additional questions for allocating environmental impacts.ConclusionsWe present a set of recommendations that are required for compiling Environmental Product Declarations for the studied products of green infrastructure. In order to enable the quantification of the climate change mitigation potential of these products, it is essential that work for further development of LCA guidance be mandated.
The Age of Artificial Intelligence: Use of Digital Technology in Clinical Nutrition
Authors: Limketkai Berkeley N. , Mauldin Kasuen , Manitius Natalie , Jalilian Laleh , Salonen Bradley R. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose of review
Computing advances over the decades have catalyzed the pervasive integration of digital technology in the medical industry, now followed by similar applications for clinical nutrition. This review discusses the implementation of such technologies for nutrition, ranging from the use of mobile apps and wearable technologies to the development of decision support tools for parenteral nutrition and use of telehealth for remote assessment of nutrition.

Recent findings
Mobile applications and wearable technologies have provided opportunities for real-time collection of granular nutrition-related data. Machine learning has allowed for more complex analyses of the increasing volume of data collected. The combination of these tools has also translated into practical clinical applications, such as decision support tools, risk prediction, and diet optimization.

Summary
The state of digital technology for clinical nutrition is still young, although there is much promise for growth and disruption in the future.
Trajectory Design for the ESA LISA Mission
Authors: Martens Waldemar , Joffre Eric 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe three Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) spacecraft are going to be placed in a triangular formation in an Earth-trailing or Earth-leading orbit. They will be launched together on a single rocket and transferred to that science orbit using Solar Electric Propulsion. Since the transfer Δv depends on the chosen science orbit, both transfer and science orbit have been optimised together. For a thrust level of 90 mN, an allocation of 1092 m/s per spacecraft is sufficient for an all-year launch in 2034. For every launch month a dedicated science orbit is designed with a corner angle variation of 60° ± 1.0° and an arm length rate of maximum 10 m/s. Moreover, a detailed navigation analysis of the science orbit insertion and the impact on insertion errors on the constellation stability has been conducted. The analysis shows that Range/Doppler measurements together with a series of correction manoeuvres at the beginning of the science orbit phase can reduce insertion dispersions to a level where corner angle variations remain at about 60° ± 1.1° at 99% C.L. However, the situation can become significantly worse if the self-gravity accelerations acting during the science orbit phase are not sufficiently characterised prior to science orbit insertion.
Integrative Analysis of Genome, 3D Genome, and Transcriptome Alterations of Clinical Lung Cancer Samples
Authors: Li Tingting , Li Ruifeng , Dong Xuan , Shi Lin , Lin Miao , Peng Ting , Wu Pengze , Liu Yuting , Li Xiaoting , He Xuheng , Han Xu , Kang Bin , Wang Yinan , Liu Zhiheng , Chen Qing , Shen Yue , Feng Mingxiang , Wang Xiangdong , Wu Duojiao , Wang Jian , Li Cheng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Genomic studies of cancer cell alterations, such as mutations, copy number variations (CNVs), and translocations, greatly promote our understanding of the genesis and development of cancers. However, the 3D genome architecture of cancers remains less studied due to the complexity of cancer genomes and technical difficulties. To explore the 3D genome structure in clinical lung cancer, we performed Hi-C experiments using paired normal and tumor cells harvested from patients with lung cancer, combining with RNA sequenceing analysis. We demonstrated the feasibility of studying 3D genome of clinical lung cancer samples with a small number of cells (1 × 104), compared the genome architecture between clinical samples and cell lines of lung cancer, and identified conserved and changed spatial chromatin structures between normal and cancer samples. We also showed that Hi-C data can be used to infer CNVs and point mutations in cancer. By integrating those different types of cancer alterations, we showed significant associations between CNVs, 3D genome, and gene expression. We propose that 3D genome mediates the effects of cancer genomic alterations on gene expression through altering regulatory chromatin structures. Our study highlights the importance of analyzing 3D genomes of clinical cancer samples in addition to cancer cell lines and provides an integrative genomic analysis pipeline for future larger-scale studies in lung cancer and other cancers.
Adherence to Personal Protective Equipment Guidelines During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Health-Care Personnel: A Louisiana Case Study
Authors: Aggarwal Ayushi , Darwish Oliver A. , Karvar Mehran , Ma Chenhao , Wu Mengfan , Haug Valentin , Orgill Dennis P. , Panayi Adriana C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to determine the extent that appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidance, was used during the coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic by health-care personnel (HCP) in Louisiana in 5 clinical settings.Methods:An online questionnaire was distributed to the LA Nursery registry. Appropriate use of PPE in each of the 5 clinical scenarios was defined by the authors based on CDC guidelines. The scenarios ranged from communal hospital space to carrying out aerosol generating procedures (AGPs). A total of 1760 HCP participated between June and July 2020.Results:The average adherence in LA was lowest for the scenario of carrying out AGPs at 39.5% compliance and highest for the scenario of patient contact when COVID-19 not suspected at 82.8% compliance. Adherence among parishes varied widely. Commentary to suggest a shortage of PPE supply and the practice of re-using PPE was strong.Conclusions:Use of appropriate PPE varied by setting. It was higher in scenarios where only face masks (or respirators) were the standard (ie, community hospital or when COVID-19 not suspected) and lower in scenarios where additional PPE (eg, gloves, eye protection, and isolation gown) was required.