bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Government plans in the 2016 and 2021 Peruvian presidential elections: A natural language processing analysis of the health chapters
Authors: Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M. , Castillo-Cara Manuel , Lovón-Melgarejo Jesús 
Published: November 2021

Background:While clinical medicine has exploded, electronic health records for Natural Language Processing (NLP) analyses, public health, and health policy research have not yet adopted these algorithms. We aimed to dissect the health chapters of the government plans of the 2016 and 2021 Peruvian presidential elections, and to compare different NLP algorithms.Methods:From the government plans (18 in 2016; 19 in 2021) we extracted each sentence from the health chapters. We used five NLP algorithms to extract keywords and phrases from each plan: Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF), Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), TextRank, Keywords Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (KeyBERT), and Rapid Automatic Keywords Extraction (Rake).Results:In 2016 we analysed 630 sentences, whereas in 2021 there were 1,685 sentences. The TF-IDF algorithm showed that in 2016, nine terms appeared with a frequency of 0.10 or greater, while in 2021 43 terms met this criterion. The LDA algorithm defined two groups. The first included terms related to things the population would receive (e.g., ’insurance’), while the second included terms about the health system (e.g., ’capacity’). In 2021, most of the government plans belonged to the second group. The TextRank analysis provided keywords showing that ’universal health coverage’ appeared frequently in 2016, while in 2021 keywords about the COVID-19 pandemic were often found. The KeyBERT algorithm provided keywords based on the context of the text. These keywords identified some underlying characteristics of the political party (e.g., political spectrum such as left-wing). The Rake algorithm delivered phrases, in which we found ’universal health coverage’ in 2016 and 2021.Conclusion:The NLP analysis could be used to inform on the underlying priorities in each government plan. NLP analysis could also be included in research of health policies and politics during general elections and provide informative summaries for the general population.
Timing of parental depression on risk of child depression and poor educational outcomes: A population based routine data cohort study from Born in Wales, UK
Authors: Brophy Sinead , Todd Charlotte , Rahman Muhammad A. , Kennedy Natasha , Rice Frances 
Published: November 2021

Background
Maternal depression is a risk factor for depression in children, though the influence of paternal depression has been less well examined. We examined the association between maternal and paternal depression, and the timing of their depression (before or after the child’s birth) and outcomes for the child including incidence of child depression and poor educational attainment.

Methods
A linked routine data cohort study linking General Practitioner(GP), hospital and education records of young people (aged 0 to 30 years) in Wales. Parental and child diagnosis of depression was identified from GP data. Regression analysis examined the association of maternal and paternal depression with time to diagnosis of depression in the child and odds of attaining educational milestones.

Outcomes
In adjusted models, the relative risk of offspring developing depression was 1.22 if the mother had depression before the child was born, 1.55 if the mother had depression after the child was born and 1.73 if she had depression both before and after the child was born (chronic depression), compared to those were there was no maternal depression history. For achieving milestones at end of primary school, odds were 0.92, 0.88 and 0.79 respectively. Association of depression in the child was similar if the male living in the household had depression with risk ratios of 1.24 (before), 1.43 (after) and 1.27 (before and after) for child diagnosed depression and 0.85, 0.79 and 0.74 for achieving age 11 milestones.

Interpretation
Children who live with a parent who has depression are more likely to develop depression and not achieve educational milestones, compared to children who live with a parent who has a history of depression (but no active depression in child’s lifetime) and compared to those with no depression. This finding suggests that working closely with families where depression (particularly chronic depression) is present in either parent and treating parental depression to remission is likely to have long-term benefits for children’s mental health and educational attainment.
The effects of quality of evidence communication on perception of public health information about COVID-19: Two randomised controlled trials
Authors: Schneider Claudia R. , Freeman Alexandra L. J. , Spiegelhalter David , van der Linden Sander 
Published: November 2021

Background
The quality of evidence about the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical health interventions is often low, but little is known about the effects of communicating indications of evidence quality to the public.

Methods
In two blinded, randomised, controlled, online experiments, US participants (total n = 2140) were shown one of several versions of an infographic illustrating the effectiveness of eye protection in reducing COVID-19 transmission. Their trust in the information, understanding, feelings of effectiveness of eye protection, and the likelihood of them adopting it were measured.

Findings
Compared to those given no quality cues, participants who were told the quality of the evidence on eye protection was ‘low’, rated the evidence less trustworthy (p = .001, d = 0.25), and rated it as subjectively less effective (p = .018, d = 0.19). The same effects emerged compared to those who were told the quality of the evidence was ‘high’, and in one of the two studies, those shown ‘low’ quality of evidence said they were less likely to use eye protection (p = .005, d = 0.18). Participants who were told the quality of the evidence was ‘high’ showed no statistically significant differences on these measures compared to those given no information about evidence quality.

Conclusions
Without quality of evidence cues, participants responded to the evidence about the public health intervention as if it was high quality and this affected their subjective perceptions of its efficacy and trust in the provided information. This raises the ethical dilemma of weighing the importance of transparently stating when the evidence base is actually low quality against evidence that providing such information can decrease trust, perception of intervention efficacy, and likelihood of adopting it.
Prevalence of migraine in adults with celiac disease: A case control cross-sectional study
Authors: Fanaeian Mohammad M. , Alibeik Nazanin , Ganji Azita , Fakheri Hafez , Ekhlasi Golnaz , Shahbazkhani Bijan 
Published: November 2021

AimCeliac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder with various manifestations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) and extra-intestinal symptoms of celiac patients, especially migraine, and compare it with healthy individuals.MethodsWe compared 1000 celiac subjects (CS) registered at our celiac center with the control group for headache-based on International Classification of Headache Disorders, third edition criteria and their GI symptoms. Besides, CS with migraine and non-migrainous headache were compared in terms of GI symptoms and accompanied conditions.ResultsHeadache was more common in CS than controls (34% vs 27% respectively, P value<0.001) and more prevalent in females (71.9% in females vs 28% in males, P value = 0.004). Moreover, the prevalence of migraine in CS was higher than controls (20.7 vs 11.9% respectively, P value<0.001). Furthermore, migraine was more prevalent in females with CD (80% in females vs 19% in males, P value = 0.033), and often without aura (76%). Abdominal pain (76.9%, P value = 0.025), diarrhea (54.9%, P value = 0.002), and constipation (42.9%, P value = 0.011) were the most common GI symptoms in CS with headache and more prevalent in CS with migraine. Conversely, type 1 diabetes mellitus was less common in CS with migraine than in CS with non-migrainous headache. (P value = 0.001). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, female sex (OR 1.50, 95%CI 1.22–1.83, P value < 0.001), and CD (OR 1.36, 95%CI 1.12–1.65, P value = 0.002) were independent predictors of headache, whereas age more than 60 years (OR 0.70, 95%CI 0.50–0.97, P value = 0.032) had a protective effect.ConclusionHeadache especially migraine is more prevalent in CS than healthy controls. In addition, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and constipation are more common in CS with migraine than in CS with non-migrainous headaches. Therefore, evaluation of CD in patients with migraine and these simultaneous GI symptoms seems reasonable.
EFEKTIVITAS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 7/PUU-XII/2014 TERHADAP PEKERJA DENGAN PERJANJIAN KERJA WAKTU TERTENTU
Authors: Muchtar Andhyka , Sulistiyono Adi 
Published: November 2021

Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 7 / PUU-XII / 2014 dalam dalam pelaksanaannya dinilai belum efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana legalitas pelaksanaan Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu (PKWT) pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 7 / PUU-XII / 2014 dan Faktor apakah yang menyebabkan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 7 / PUU-XII / 2014 tidak efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis empiris, dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: Pertama, Pengadilan negeri berwenang mengesahkan status Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tidak Tertentu berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan pegawai Pemeriksa Ketenagakerjaan Kedua, pelaksanaan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 7 / PUU-XII / 2014 ternyata belum pernah dilaksanakan sebagai norma baru sehingga dinilai belum efektif.
Infrequent association of two rare diseases: amniotic band syndrome and osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Darakci Savaş Mert , Ertuğrul Sabahattin , Tanrıverdi Yılmaz Sibel , Ünal Edip , Yolbaş İlyas , Değer İbrahim 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Amniotic band syndrome and osteogenesis imperfecta are two distinct diseases that develop due to structural defects of the collagen protein. In our paper, we report the concurrence of these two diseases rarely seen in the newborn period.

Case presentation
A female infant born at 33rd gestational week was found to have constrictive bands in her right lower extremity and flexion contractures in distal joints of lower and upper extremities due to amniotic bands in postnatal physical examination. While being treated for respiratory difficulty, she was diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta and treated with bisphosphonates upon being found to suffer bilateral humeral fractures on the sixth day of life. She received respiratory support with mechanical ventilation due to respiratory tract complications related to osteogenesis imperfecta and died on the 384th day of life.

Conclusions
One should bear in mind that other collagen tissue diseases may accompany the amniotic band syndrome; this possibility should be definitely pursued if clinical suspicion exists.
Editorial: What is semiotics but a series of modeling
Authors: Yu Hongbing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The present issue of Chinese Semiotic Studies is published in memory of Thomas A. Sebeok. Sebeok was not only a master semiotician, but more importantly a grand artist in semiotics. As one of the most important contemporary figures in semiotics, linguistics, ethnology, and cultural studies, Sebeok made profound contributions to the progress of global semiotics through his distinguished theoretical achievements and promotional activities. His works have proven to be so relevant that they continue to exert a determinative influence and provide directions for the development of semiotics and its many subdivisions, especially biosemiotics, beyond the 20th century. Now, 21 years into the present century, during which semiotic studies around the world have made remarkable progress, it is about time to highlight some specific ways in which his contributions will continue to shape and guide semiotic studies, demonstrating the relevance of these contributions to the 21st century challenges. To this end, this special issue presents some up-to-date and informed studies that explore Sebeok’s contributions to semiotics and their vital implications for fundamental problems relevant to humanity as a semiotic animal in the present day and in the rest of this century and beyond.
Linguïculture: Thomas A. Sebeok as a revolutionary ethnographer
Authors: Gorlée Dinda L. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sebeok started his career as an ethnographer, focusing on the verbal art of anthropology to describe the cultures associated with then-called “primitive” languages. He followed Bloomfield’s linguistics to study Boas’ anthropology of primitive art to investigate man as a civilized member of a native indigenous community with art-like speech habits. Sebeok’s earliest articles were ethnographic descriptions of non-Western folktales from the Cheremis people, which he reformulated into Saussure’s phonetic system to involve literal but culturally free translations. Later, Sebeok developed Peirce’s ethnosemiotics by explaining Sapir-Whorf’s two-way differentiation of linguistic-and-cultural texts. The coded interplay of anthroposemiotics moved Sebeok from language-and-culture to language-with-culture, thence to build up the merged compound of linguïculture.
From signs of language and culture to semioses of life: appreciating Tom Sebeok’s role in the building of global semiotics
Authors: Wąsik Zdzisław 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper is an attempt at evaluating the advancement of the conceptual and methodological framework of semiotics across its neighboring disciplines as launched and promoted by Thomas Albert Sebeok on a worldwide scale. Writing in a first-person account, the author describes, firstly, his own road to the semiotic study of linguistics, owing to the acquaintance with editorial outputs as well as with the professional proficiency of this founding father of global semiotics as a visiting scholar with an affiliation in the Research Center for Language and Semiotic Studies of Indiana University at Bloomington. And secondly, he also tries to assess the power of Sebeok’s influence on the career progress of his contemporaries, scholars, followers, and pupils. Some of them, including the author himself, acted soon after as distinguished masters of particular semiotic disciplines or organizers of international enterprises. Finally, the author provides an epistemological evaluation of semiotic thresholds in the research activities of scientists.
The Hungarian Sebeok
Authors: Voigt Vilmos 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
It was never a secret that Thomas A. Sebeok was born in Hungary, and he always referred to his Hungarian background. He emigrated from Hungary (1936) to England and later (1937) to the United States, where he Americanized his family name, Sebők. As a scholar, he started Finno-Ugric studies (not only in Hungarian, but also in Cheremis). Sebeok continued as a general linguist, and then as a communication expert. From the 1960s, he became a semiotician, a key figure in building an international semiotic network. Sebeok often visited Hungary in connection with his research activities. He was a foreign member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and became Honorary Professor at Loránd Eötvöspapers University in Budapest. Such was the respect he garnered that an international congress was organized in Budapest in honor of his 70th birthday, and his papers and books were also translated into Hungarian. From his very wide range of interests, I mention here only the Hungarian context of studying animal signs. Prolific writer, excellent organizer, and eloquent speaker, Sebeok is unforgettable as a world-renowned person – with many ties to his home culture, which he referred to as his “Hungarian frame.”
Language variation and change in the formation of Greek superlative constructions
Authors: Melissaropoulou Dimitra , Papanagiotou Christos 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper addresses variation and change in the realization of superlative constructions in the light of the evidence provided by Modern Greek dialectal variation as a window into the study of the organization of grammar. Dialectal data show that analyticity prevails in the realization of relative comparative constructions, while absolute ones seem to resist more persistently due to their high relevance with another morphological category, evaluative intensification. Our findings argue in favour of the strong interplay among all three processes, viewed as realizations of the conceptual category of gradation, accounted for in terms of a continuum. The proposed organization captures the strong interplay between intensification and absolute superlatives on the one hand, while relative and absolute superlative formations on the other. On a theoretical level, this account could contribute further to important issues such as the controversial status of comparison and evaluation in grammar, which may differ cross-linguistically, suggesting that a combined account of the three processes might prove more adequate.
On continental Basque dialects and some aspects of their chronology
Authors: Camino Iñaki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the innovations of the Basque in the Salazar Valley, which is located in northeastern Navarre, and compare them with those of the Continental Basque Country in order to try to obtain chronological and geolinguistic information on the innovations of the wide eastern Basque Country. To achieve my purpose, I drew upon descriptions of the Basque dialect spoken in the Salazar Valley. This study analyzed texts dating from the 16th, 17th, 18thand 19thcenturies from the Continental Basque Country as well as samples from the last two centuries from the Navarrese Pyrenees. The data collected from this region were examined with regard to the behavior of the isoglosses within the Continental Basque Country in earlier stages. I examined innovations with particular attention to what geographical diffusion model they showed and how far they spread. In addition, I analyzed what isogloss boundaries are recurrent and what innovations were transferred from the Pyrenees toward Navarre. I found that the Basque spoken in Lower Navarre has undergone change that has spread toward Labourd. Regarding contact with other dialects, it shares features with Labourdin to the west, and with Souletin to the east. On the assumption that Lower Navarre and Labourd have recently converged, a future hypothesis to test would be whether Lower Navarre merged with Soule in earlier stages.
Interaction of high-intensity endurance exercise and nandrolone on cardiac remodeling: role of adipo-cardiac axis
Authors: Motevalian Manijeh , Joukar Siyavash , Esmaeili-Mahani Saeed , Karimi Abdollah , Masoumi-Ardakani Yaser , Safari Sepideh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Given the cardiac pathological remodeling following to anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) consumption, we examined the effect of chronic administration of nandrolone decanoate with high-intensity endurance exercise on the left ventricular hypertrophy index, levels of hydroxyproline, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), adiponectin (APN) and its receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) expression in rats’ hearts.

Methods
The male Wistar rats randomly divided to six groups included the control (CTL), exercise (Ex), nandrolone (Nan), vehicle (Arach), trained vehicle (Ex + Arach), and trained nandrolone (Ex + Nan) groups that were treated for eight weeks.

Results
Nandrolone consumption significantly enhanced the hypertrophy index (p<0.05) and exercise intensified this effect. It also increased the level of cardiac hydroxyproline (p<0.001), however exercise completely masked this effect. The values of TNF-α protein and AdipoR1 protein significantly increased in trained nandrolone-treated (Ex + Nan) group in comparison with CTL group (p<0.05), however, did not show significant alteration in Nan or Ex groups. High-intensity endurance exercise significantly enhanced the AdipoR2 protein (p<0.05), but, co-administration of nandrolone with exercise prevented this effect. The mRNA expression of AdipoR1 significantly reduced in the animals that received nandrolone for eight weeks and exercise recovered this effect (p<0.001).

Conclusions
Despite an additive effect of high-intensity endurance exercise plus nandrolone on TNF-α level, their effects on hydroxyproline and APN receptors expression is incompatible in heart of rat. It is suggests a part of beneficial regulatory role of endurance exercise against nandrolone induced heart remodeling may apply through modulation of APN system.
Errancia y psicogeografía enCuaderno alemányBuenos Aires Tourde María Negroni
Authors: Oliver María Paz 
Published: November 2021

ResumenEste trabajo se propone analizar el concepto de errancia y su resonancia psicogeográfica enCuaderno alemán(2015) yBuenos Aires Tour(2006), de la escritora argentina María Negroni. Entendida como un movimiento vagabundo y sin rumbo, la errancia plantea una crisis de la presencia del sujeto y una búsqueda donde la percepción del espacio, a través de la escritura de un diario sobre los recorridos por ciudades alemanas, modifica el sentido turístico del viaje e instala una dimensión emotiva e íntima de la ciudad. En la errancia, por lo tanto, se forja un sentido del lugar gracias a los sentimientos y significados que surgen en la interacción con el espacio urbano. Por una parte, se investigará cómo estas obras representan el aspecto psicogeográfico del espacio, es decir, los efectos psíquicos y afectivos del entorno urbano en el sujeto, mediante una cartografía emotiva que registra la experiencia del movimiento en la ciudad. Y, por otra, se examinarán los diversos modos en que ese paisaje sensorial se construye a través del diálogo entre imagen y texto, como una forma de capturar el sentido de la errancia a través del registro emotivo y no necesariamente representativo del viaje.
Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow and Mixing Dynamics inside Planetary Roller Extruders
Authors: Winck J. , Frerich S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this contribution, the fluid flow and mixing dynamics inside planetary roller extruders are simulated using the finite element method (FEM) and the mesh superposition technique (MST). Three-dimensional configurations with planetary spindles of varying number and geometry of planetary spindles were created to analyse the influence of the spindle configuration and the rotational speed on the process behavior. Therefore, pressure gradients, flow velocities and directions, shear rates, the mixing index and residence time distributions were evaluated. The distributive and dispersive mixing efficiencies varied depending on the planetary spindle configuration, and these configurations thus suit different processing tasks. In comparison to the standard planetary spindles, the TT3 spindles, with their incomplete toothing, and the knob spindles, with their double transversal helical toothing, showed intense axial and radial mixing. In general, the mixing performance of the planetary roller extruder is explained by a high rate of extensional flow and frequent changes in flow type. The reported numerical approach allows, for the first time, a comprehensive observation of the process behavior of planetary roller extruders.