bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
University Student’s Lifestyle Changes During COVID-19 Lockdown: A Spanish Cross-Sectional Survey.
Authors: Ruiz-Zaldibar Cayetana , García-Garcés Laura , Vicario-Merino Ángel , Mayoral-Gonzalo Noemí , Lluesma-Vidal Marta , Ruiz-López Montserrat , Pérez-Manchón David 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has an impact on the university student’s lifestyles. The present study aims to investigate the perceived changes in lifestyles among Spanish university students during the confinement.
Method:

An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study with a 2-time cut was conducted during the month of April in 2020. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data was then obtained. The FANTASTIC questionnaire was used to assess lifestyles of the 488 participants who took part in the study. The STROBE cross-sectional reporting guidelines were followed on this study.
Results

76.3% of the participants were female. Overall, the lifestyles of university students had significantly deteriorated during the period of confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. University female students have been especially affected compared to their male fellows (p = .010). For women, social and family relationships (p < .001), personality (p < .001), interior (p < .001) and career (p < .001) were the aspects that worsened during confinement. For men, lack of physical exercise practice (p < .001), social and family relationships (p < .001) and career (p = .002) were affected to a greater extent. In both cases confinement was a protective factor against the consumption of tobacco, toxins (p < .001) and alcohol (p < .001). Gender (p = .008) and obesity (p = .044) are the two factors that most affected the change in the score of the FANTASTIC questionnaire.
Conclusions

The Spanish university students’ lifestyles have worsened during the lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, especially women who were the most affected. Some aspects such as those related to social and emotional behaviors have been deeply affected, while confinement could be a protective factor against previous toxic habits.
Trade-Off Between Duration of Pupal Hypoxia For Irradiation and Transportation and Quality Control Parameters of Sterile Queensland Fruit Fly Bactrocera Tryoni (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Gaire Sushil Kumar , Rempoulakis Polychronis , Taylor Phillip W. , Mainali Bishwo P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
High Rates of Streptococcus Agalactiae Clindamycin and Erythromycin Resistance in Vietnamese Pregnant Women
Authors: Du Vu , Dung Pham Thai , Toan Nguyen Linh , Mao Can , Bac Nguyen Thanh , Tong Hoang Văn , Son Ho Anh , Viet Nguyen Thanh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns. Maternal GBS colonization rates vary depending on geographic area, ethnic and social conditions worldwide. Many studies suggested the continuous surveillance of GBS to provide data to guide decision-making and planning prevention and control strategies. Here, we report the rate and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of GBS from Vietnamese pregnant women over 5 year period.
Methods

We worked with 3863 Vietnamese pregnant women at < 37 weeks of gestation at the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hanoi, Vietnam from Jan 2016 to Dec 2020. The data were recorded and retrieved from the computerized laboratory database. GBS was identified according to the American Society for Microbiology’s guidelines. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by the VITEK 2 system or E-test strips. The results were calculated according to the MIC breakpoints recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
Results

The positivity for GBS was 8.02% (310/3863) and the highest resistance rate was to tetracycline 89.66% (234/261), followed by 76.23% (202/265) for erythromycin, 58.21% (156/268) for clindamycin. The multidrug-resistance rate was 59.19% (161/272), and 8.46% (23/272) of isolates were resistant to 6 to 7 of the 12 antibiotics. Resistance to clindamycin in the absence of erythromycin resistance was found in 6/272 (2.2%) samples. The resistance rate to clindamycin was significantly increased (p < 0.01) over the time study period. Nevertheless, all isolates were sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, quinupristin/dalfopristin, and vancomycin.
Conclusion

Our results indicate that penicillin and ampicillin are currently the drugs of choice for the prevention and treatment of GBS-related diseases for Vietnamese pregnant women. However, antibiotic resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was high. Thus, it reinforces the need for continuous surveillance of GBS to provide data to guide planning prevention and control strategies.
Identifying Unintentional Medication Discrepancies at Admission among Elderly Inpatients in Vietnam
Authors: Dong Phuong Thi Xuan , Pham Van Thi Thuy , Nguyen Linh Thi , Nguyen Thao Thi , Nguyen Huong Thi Lien , Hua Susan , Li Shu Chuen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Elderly patients are at high risk of unintentional medication discrepancies during transition care as they are more likely to have multiple comorbidities and chronic diseases that require multiple medications. The main objective of the study was to measure the occurrence and identify risk factors for unintentional medication discrepancies in elderly inpatients during hospital admission.Methods A prospective observational study was conducted from July to December 2018 in a 800-bed geriatric hospital in Hanoi, North Vietnam. Patients over 60 years of age, admitted to one of selected internal medicine wards, taking at least one chronic medication before admission, and staying at least 48 hours were eligible for enrolment. Medication discrepancies of chronic medications before and after admission of each participant were identified by a pharmacist using a step-by-step protocol for the medication reconciliation process. The identified discrepancies were then classified as intentional or unintentional by an assessment group comprised of a pharmacist and a physician. A logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors of medication discrepancies.Results Among 192 enrolled patients, 328 medication discrepancies were identified; of which 87 (26.5%) were unintentional. 32.3% of patients had at least one unintentional medication discrepancy. The most common unintentional medication discrepancy was omission of drugs (75.9% of 87 medication discrepancies). The logistic regression analysis revealed a positive association between the number of discrepancies at admission and the type of treatment wards. Conclusions Medication discrepancies are common at admission among Vietnamese elderly inpatients. This study confirms the importance of obtaining a comprehensive medication history at hospital admission and supports implementing a medication reconciliation program to reduce the negative impact of medication discrepancy, especially for the elderly population.
Descriptive epidemiology and survival analysis of acromegaly in Korea
Authors: Yun Soo Jin , Lee Jung Kuk , Park Jinsun , Park So Young , Chin Sang Ouk 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Acromegaly is a rare, slowly progressive disease. Its mechanism is not fully understood, and epidemiological research on Korean patients with acromegaly is scarce. To determine the incidence and prevalence of acromegaly and assess the comorbidities and survival benefits based on treatment options. This nationwide population-based cohort study was conducted using data of the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment claims database to evaluate the incidence of newly diagnosed acromegaly cases during 2013–2017. During the 5-year period, 1,093 patients were newly diagnosed with acromegaly. The average annual incidence was 4.2 cases per million per year, and the prevalence was 32.1 cases per million during this period. The incidence of hypertension was low after medical treatment (hazard ratio 0.257, 95% confidence interval: 0.082–0.808, P = 0.0201), but the incidence of diabetes showed no significant difference across treatment modalities. Over a period of 6 years since diagnosis, we found that patients treated for acromegaly had a significantly higher survival rate than those untreated (P = 0.0003). The annual incidence rate of Korean patients with acromegaly was similar to that reported in previous studies. Using nationwide population data, our study emphasized the importance of treatment in acromegaly patients.
Collinsella provencensis sp. nov., a new species identified from healthy human gut microbiota.
Authors: BENABDELKADER Sarah , LO Cheikh Ibrahima , NAUD Sabrina , DIONE Niokhor , ALIBAR Stéphane , FADLANE Amael , FOURNIER Pierre-Edouard , FENOLLAR Florence , Lagier Jean-Christophe 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A Gram-positive and anaerobic bacterium was isolated from the stool sample of a healthy French volunteer. A taxonogenomics approach was adopted to characterize it. Cells are rod shaped non-spore-forming and non-motile. Growth of strain Marseille-P3740 occurs at 37°C in anaerobic atmosphere at pH 7. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis of the novel strain Marseille-P3740 displayed 96.31% similarity in nucleotide sequence with Collinsella intestinalis strain JCM 10643, the phylogenetically closest related species with standing in nomenclature. C16:0, C18:1n9 and C18:2n6 are the major cellular fatty acid components. The genomic of strain Marseille-P3740T is 1.74 Mbp long with 59.1 mol% of G + C content. Based on the taxonogenomic description and the phenotypic and biochemical properties of this bacterium, we propose the strain Marseille-P3740T (= CSUR P3740 = CCUG 70947) as a new species, Collinsella provencensis sp. nov.
Effect of Employing Chromium as a Buffer Layer on the Crystallinity of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Films Grown by LPCVD
Authors: Chen Xi , Luan Kairan , Zhang Wenbo , Liu Xiuhuan , Zhao Jihong , Hou Lixin , Gao Yanjun , Song Junfeng , Chen Zhanguo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Using chromium (Cr), which was deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering, as a buffer layer for synthesizing high-quality hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) films by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) was demonstrated. The effect of growth temperature and annealing process on the quality of the Cr buffer layer was investigated. The characterization of the dependence of hBN film quality on growth temperature, substrate, and annealing process was discussed. All evidence shows that using a Cr buffer layer can significantly improve the crystalline quality of hBN. A DUVPD based on hBN film using Cr as the bottom electrode was fabricated with a small leakage current. The photocurrent is 3.5 nA at a bias of 500 V, and it exhibits good switching characteristics.
Nurse Leaders’ Reflections and Difficulties Fighting the NCP Epidemic： A Qualitative Study
Authors: Wang Jing , Tang Lihua , Da Huanyuan , Lu Huan , Shi Xinping , Li Lu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective. To understand the difficulties and survival strategies in nursing during NCP outbreak, and to reflect and summarize the experience. Background. Since December 2019, the highly infectious novel coronavirus pneumonia overwhelmed health care systems and medical workers who had to provide care in situations involving high personal risk and stress, some becoming infected and dying. Nurse leaders had to develop new strategies for nursing care. Methods. Using the phenomenological research method in qualitative research, 8 head nurses who participated in NCP treatment were interviewed in-depth, and then Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was used to summarize.Results. Working under great pressure, nursing leaders led the team through a period of crisis: shock and fear, learning in chaos, supporting nurses, and rewarding nurses. Conclusion. As important intervention performers in the crisis, nurse leaders need to have their own outstanding leadership to effectively manage internal conflicts and interpersonal relationships, strengthen teamwork training and establish supportive system so as to better deal with the management of similar public health events in the future. Relevance to clinical practice. Findings will assist nurse leaders to prepare themselves in the outbreak. It is hoped that the results of this study will contribute to disaster management in similar infectious outbreaks in the future.
Isoconazole and Clemizole Hydrochloride Partially Reverse the Xeroderma Pigmentosum C Phenotype
Authors: Kobaisi Farah , Sulpice Eric , Barette Caroline , Fayyad Nour , Fauvarque Marie-Odile , Badran Bassam , Fayyad-Kazan Mohammad , Fayyad-Kazan Hussein , Gidrol Xavier , Rachidi Walid 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Xeroderma Pigmentosum protein C (XPC) is involved in recognition and repair of bulky DNA damage such as lesions induced by Ultra Violet (UV) radiation. XPC-mutated cells are, therefore, photosensitive and accumulate DNA damage leading to increased cancer incidence. Here, we performed a high-throughput screen to identify chemicals capable of normalizing the XP-C phenotype (hyper-photosensitivity and accumulation of photoproducts). Fibroblasts from XP-C patients were treated with a library of approved chemical drugs. Out of 1280 tested chemicals, 16 showed ≥ 25% photo-resistance with RZscore above 2.6 and two drugs were able to favor repair of 6 − 4 pyrimidine pyrimidone photoproducts (6-4PP). Among these two compounds, Isoconazole could partially inhibit apoptosis of the irradiated cells especially when cells were post-treated directly after UV irradiation while Clemizole Hydrochloride-mediated increase in viability was dependent on both pre and post-treatment. No synergistic effect was recorded following combined drug treatment and the compounds exerted no effect on the proliferative capacity of the cells post UV exposure. Amelioration of XP-C phenotype is a pave way towards understanding the accelerated skin cancer initiation in XP-C patients. Further examination is required to decipher the molecular mechanisms targeted by these two chemicals.
Incorporating Missing Outcome Data in The Sample Size Calculation For a Future Trial: A Case Study Using a Single Trial, a Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Spineli Loukia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: To illustrate the advantages of using network meta-analysis (NMA) as compared to a trial or a pairwise meta-analysis to estimate the amount of missing outcome data (MOD) for a target comparison in order to adjust the required sample size for possible participant losses in a future trial.Methods: We introduced the concept of transitive risks to obtain the absolute risks of MOD for all interventions of the network. We used the network of a published systematic review on a binary outcome to apply the proposed concept and to calculate the required sample size in a future trial for a selected target comparison. For that comparison, we also calculated the required sample size using the corresponding trials separately, and after pooling these trials in a random-effects meta-analysis. Results: Ignoring MOD from the sample size calculation led to the smallest sample size. When either trial was considered, the risk of MOD ranged from 1% to 13% in the compared intervention arms, therefore, increasing the sample size from 1% to 12%. Performing a pairwise meta-analysis yielded a risk of MOD equal to 6% and 9% in the active and control arms, respectively, which inflated the sample size by 8%. Using NMA, the corresponding risks of MOD were 10% and 13%, which increased the sample size by 13%. Conclusions: Provided that the transitivity assumption holds, incorporating the absolute risks of MOD in the sample size calculation for a target comparison of the network led to better planning of a future trial.
Predictors of Postoperative Delirium&nbsp;in Elderly Patients Following Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta‑Analysis
Authors: Quan Zhou , Xin-feng Zhou , Jun-xin Zhang , Xin Tian , Hui-lin Yang , Fan He , Tao Liu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is widely reported as a very common postoperative complication following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) of the hip and knee in elderly patients, leading to a variety of adverse effects. We sought to investigate predictors of delirium after TJA.Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched up to May 2020 for studies examining POD following TJA in elderly patients. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) of those who experienced delirium compared to those who did not were calculated for each variable. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used for the study quality evaluation. Results: Fifteen studies with 31 potential factors were included in the meta-analysis. In the primary analysis, 9 factors were associated with POD, comprising advanced age (MD 3.81; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.80–5.83), dementia (OR 24.85; 95% CI 7.26–85.02), hypertension (OR 2.26; 95% CI 1.31–3.89), diabetes (OR 2.02; 95% CI 1.15–3.55), stroke (OR 14.61; 95% CI 5.26–40.55), psychiatric illness (OR 2.72; 95% CI 1.45–5.08), use of sedative-hypnotics (OR 6.42; 95% CI 2.53–16.27), lower preoperative levels of hemoglobin (MD −0.56; 95% CI −0.89–−0.22), and lower preoperative mini-mental state examination score (MD −0.40; 95% CI −0.69–−0.12). Twelve studies were included in the systematic review, of which 24 factors were additionally correlated with POD using single studies.Conclusions: We identified predictors of POD in elderly patients following TJA. These findings may be used to identify patients with a high risk of delirium who are most likely to benefit from postoperative recovery.
Low and Medium dose Statins Improve Function and Prognosis of Asian Ischemic Stroke Patients with Intravenous Thrombolysis
Authors: Cui Chaohua , Bao Jiajia , Gao Lijie , He Li 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: For acute ischaemic stroke, intravenous thrombolysis combined with statins might increase the therapeutic effect; however, it is uncertain whether this is effective. Additionally, statins can increase the risk of intracerebral haemorrhage in ischaemic stroke patients, further raising doubts regarding the safety of this combination. Methods: Data from consecutive acute ischaemic stroke patients with intravenous thrombolysis were prospectively collected. Efficacy outcomes included NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) score improvement at 7 days after admission and mRS (Modified Rankin Scale) improvement at 90 days. Safety outcomes included haemorrhage events in the hospital and death events within 2 years. Results: The study finally included 222 patients. The statin group had a higher percentage of NIHSS improvement at 7 days (p<0.001) and a higher percentage of a favourable functional outcome (FFO) (p<0.001) at 90 days. The statin group had a lower percentage of intracerebral haemorrhage (p<0.001) and gastrointestinal haemorrhage (p=0.004) in the hospital and a lower percentage of death events (p<0.001) within 2 years. Logistic regression indicated that statin use was significantly related to NIHSS improvement (OR=2.291, p=0.014), a lower percentage of intracerebral haemorrhage (OR=0.379, p=0.008) and gastrointestinal haemorrhage (OR=0.027, p=0.023), and a lower percentage of death events (OR=0.196, p<0.001). Conclusion: For Asian acute ischaemic stroke patients after intravenous thrombolysis, the use of low- and medium-dose statins was related to NIHSS improvement of moderate stroke patients at 7 days, with a reduced percentage of haemorrhage events in the hospital and a lower percentage of death events within 2 years, especially for moderate stroke or noncardioembolic stroke patients.
The prevalence and contextual correlates of non-communicable diseases among inter-provincial migrants and non-migrants in South Africa
Authors: Ajaero Chukwuedozie Kelechukwu , Wet-Billings Nicole De , Atama Chiemezie , Agwu Prince , Eze Eberechukwu Jennifer 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

The socioeconomic conditions of different environments manifest in varying experiences of illnesses. Even as migrants do transit across these different environments for various reasons, including settlement, they are bound to have peculiar experiences of diseases, which could be traced to lifestyle, gender, adaptation, and reactions to specific social, economic, psychological and climatic conditions. Paying attention to such unique scenarios, our study examines the prevalence and contextual correlates of non-communicable diseases among inter-provincial migrants and non-migrants in South Africa.
Methods

Data was from the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS), waves 5 of 2017, which comprised of 28,055 respondents aged 15–64 years made up of 22,849 inter-provincial non-migrants and 5,206 inter-provincial migrants. A composite dependent/outcome variable of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) was generated for the study and data analysis involved descriptive statistics, chi Square analysis and multilevel logistic regression analysis
Results

More migrants (19.81%) than non-migrants (16.69%) reported prevalence of NCDs. With the exception of household size for migrants and smoking for non-migrants, the prevalence of NCDs showed significant differences in all the community, behavioral, and individual variables. The factors in the full model, which significantly increased odds of NCDs among the migrants and the non-migrants, were older populations, the non-Blacks, and those with higher education levels. On the one hand, being married, having a household with 4–6 persons, and being residents of urban areas significantly increased odds of NCDs among the migrant population. While on the other, living in coastal provinces, being a female, and belonging to the category of those who earn more than 10,000 Rands were significantly associated with increased odds of NCDs among the non-migrants.
Conclusions

These findings, therefore, among other things underscore the need for increased education and awareness campaigns, especially among the older populations on the preventive and mitigative strategies for NCDs. In addition, changes in lifestyles with regard to smoking and physical exercises should be more emphasized in specific contextual situations for the migrant and non-migrant populations, as highlighted by the results of this study.
Incidence, risk factors, and mortality of acute kidney injury within 1-month after lung transplantation
Authors: Kim Nam Eun , Kim Chi Young , Kim Song Yee , Kim Ha Eun , Lee Jin Gu , Paik Hyo Chae , Park Moo Suk 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

After lung transplantation (LT), some patients are at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI), which is associated with worse outcomes and increased mortality.
Method

Among 161 patients who underwent LT at Severance hospital in Seoul, Korea from October 2012 to September 2017, 148 patients were retrospectively enrolled.
Results

59 (39.8%) developed AKI within 1-month after LT. Stage I or II, and stage III AKI were recorded in 26 (17.5%) and 33 (22.2%), respectively. AKI III usually occurred within 7 days after transplantation (early vs. late AKI III, 72.5% vs 21.1%). Pre-operative anemia, units of red blood cells transfused during surgery, colistin intravenous infusion for treating multi drug resistant pathogens were independent risk factors for AKI development. Post-operative bleeding, grade 3 PGD within 72 hrs, and sepsis were more common in the AKI group. Patients with AKI III ([24/33] 72.7%) had significantly higher 1-year mortality than the no-AKI ([18/89] 20.2%), and AKI I or II group ([9/26] 34.6%), log-rank test, P < 0.001).
Conclusion

AKI was associated with worse post-operative outcome, 3-month, and 1-year mortality after LT. Severity of AKI was usually determined in early post op period after LT, so optimal post-operative management as well as recipients selection should be considered.