bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Patients in the Medical Emergency Department at Amissa Bongo Regional Hospital in Franceville (ABRH), Gabon; Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mba Thiery Ndong , Obiang Cedric Sima , Moundounga Hilaire Kenguele , N’Nang Elvis Othogo , Meye Bourdettes , Mba Iris Kévin Ivala Zogo , Pambo -Pambo Arnaud Brice , Mombo Landry Eric , Bisseye Cyrille , Ondo Joseph Privat , Engonga Louis-Clément Obame , Mickala Patrick 
Published: September 2021

Objective: To evaluate the different non-surgical predominant pathologies in the emergency department of the Amissa Bongo regional hospital in Franceville, Haut-Ogooué.
Materials and Methods: Using consultation registers and some medical records, we retrospectively studied the epidemiological and clinical profile of patients who consulted for a medical and non-surgical or gynaeco-obstetrical emergency, from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2018.
Results: During this period, 19597 patients consulted for a medical emergency at the Amissa Bongo regional hospital in Franceville in Haut-Ogooué (Gabon). This high score indicated that the majority of patients came from the different districts of the commune of Franceville and other departments of the province. Three periods of high attendance were distinguished: the long dry season (37.3%), the short rainy season (28.4%) and the long rainy season (24%), compared to the short dry season (10.3%). Infectious diseases were recurrent with 63.16%, and with 67% of cases, malaria (severe and simple) was more frequent. Non-infectious emergencies were also noted, such as diseases of the respiratory system (1791 cases = 24.81%), diseases of the digestive system (1028 cases = 14.24%), skin diseases (809 cases = 24.81%), cardiovascular diseases (800 cases = 11.21%), blood diseases (686 cases = 9. 5%), diseases of the urogenital system (588 cases = 8.14%), diseases of the locomotor system (510 cases = 7.06%), ENT diseases (451 cases = 6.24%), diseases of the glands and metabolism (296 cases = 4.10%), diseases of the nervous system and the senses (260 cases = 3.60%)
Conclusion: Compared to non-infectious diseases, infectious and parasitic diseases are recurrent at CHRAB. They therefore require special attention from the health authorities of this hospital, and even of Gabon.
The Well-being of Students in a Welsh Secondary School Before and After a COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Smith Andrew P. , James Arwel 
Published: September 2021

Background: There has been considerable research on the well-being of secondary school students, most of which focuses on health-related behaviour or mental health issues. The well-being process model provides a framework that examines predictors of positive and negative well-being outcomes. The model has been validated in many studies of workers and university students. The present study examined the model's applicability to secondary school students whose education is conducted through the medium of the Welsh language. COVID-19 has disrupted education and well-being, and the present study presents profiles of well-being before and after the first COVID-19 lockdown in Wales.
Aims: The first aim was to examine the applicability of the well-being process model to secondary school students. A second aim was to study students where teaching was in the Welsh language. Finally, the research examined the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown and identified predictors of current well-being after lockdown and the long term implications of COVID-19.
Methodology: The research was carried out with the informed consent of the volunteers and approved by the School of Psychology, Cardiff University ethics committee. The participants were 214 students (111 males), and they represented each year group. An online survey was carried out, and the pre-COVID-19 associations between the well-being process predictor variables and outcomes were examined using regression analyses. Predictors of current and long-term well-being post-lockdown were also examined.
Results: The data relating to the pre-COVID 19 periods confirmed that positive well-being was predicted by high scores for psychological capital and social support. Daytime sleepiness was negatively associated with positive well-being. Stress at school was predicted by high student stressors, negative coping, social support and low psychological capital scores. Post-lockdown well-being was predicted by psychological capital and negatively associated with academic stress and fear of infection, and the stress of isolation. The longer-term negative impact of COVID-19 was predicted by problem-focused coping, fear of infection, and social isolation.
Conclusion: The results confirmed the applicability of the well-being process model to Welsh secondary school students. Lockdown during COVID-19 affected well-being, with the risk of infection and the stress of isolation and academic stress being the major negative influences.
Antibacterial Activities of Calcareous/TiO2 Nanocomposites
Authors: Mariselvi P. , Kumar T. Anantha 
Published: September 2021

Aims: In the present investigation, To synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of Calcareous/TiO2 nanocomposites toward Bacillus, Proteus vulgaris, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Methodology: The resulting Calcareous/TiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by using XRD, SEM with EDAX, AFM, TEM and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The antibacterial activities of the Calcareous/TiO2 nanocomposite species were checked by using agar well diffusion method.
Results: The XRD pattern is showed that the diffraction peaks appear in the pattern corresponding to the anatase phase of TiO2. UV-Visible spectrum showed that the blue shifted when compared with bulk TiO2 (3.2 eV). The blue shift might be caused by nanosize effect and structural defect of nanomaterials. AFM image shows the morphology of Calcareous/TiO2 nanocomposites forming sharp particles on the surface. TEM image showed that the particles exhibit a relatively uniform particle size distribution. The average size of the nanocomposites estimated from the TEM image is around 50nm.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the Calcareous/TiO2 nanocomposites have been successfully synthesized. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized using various analytical tools like XRD, SEM with EDAX, AFM, TEM, UV-Vis absorption spectrum.
Development and Evaluation of Floating Microspheres of Sumatriptan Succinate using Ethyl Cellulose and Mucilage Extracted from Vigna Mungo
Authors: Kulkarni Nilesh S. , Kulkarni Mukta A. , Khiste Rahul H. , Upadhye Mohini C. , Dhole Shashikant N. 
Published: September 2021

Aim: The present investigation is to formulate and evaluate gastroretentive floating microspheres for sumatriptan succinate. Gastric retention is widely used approach to retain dosage form in stomach and to enhance absorption of drugs.
Methods: The gastroretentive floating microspheres was prepared by two different techniques as solvent evaporation and W/O/W multiple emulsion technique. Ethyl cellulose, HPMC K4M polymer and mucilage extracted from Vigna Mungo in various proportions were used for formulation of microspheres. Combination of ethyl acetate and acetone in different proportion was used as organic phase and the microspheres were characterized for particle size, shape, morphology, percentage yield, entrapment efficiency, drug loading, In-Vitro Floating/Buoyancy study, In-vitro Floating/Buoyancy study and release kinetics.
Results: The average particle size of all batches was found in the range 100 to 210 μm and the entrapment efficiency of all formulations was found in the range of 17.46 % to 59.28 %.Total floating time for Sumatriptan succinate floating microspheres was observed more than 12 h. The In-Vitro drug release study was performed for all formulations showed drug release in controlled manner.
Conclusion: The particle size was increased with increased polymer concentration and it showed that polymer concentration has an impact on the entrapment efficiency. Ethyl cellulose microspheres showed more entrapment and sustained delivery of sumatriptan Succinate than microspheres prepared by combination of Ethyl cellulose: HPMC K4M and Ethyl cellulose: Vigna mungo mucilage.
Geographical Diversity in Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anaemia among Adolescents of India-A Systematic Review
Authors: Gore Manisha , Swain Ansuman , Khismatrao Deepak , Saraf Abhay 
Published: September 2021

Background: Anaemia is a global public health issue in India with anaemia prevalence of 56% among adolescent girls. While it affects all age groups, pregnant women and children are reported to be at risk. The study aims to understand the underlying factors of anaemia among adolescents.
Methods: The systematic review has included all studies from the time period, 2000 to 2020 which had anaemia prevalence among adolescent girls (10 to 19 years of age). Scopus and Web of Science databases were used to browse relevant articles within April-June, 2020. Study design, sample size, anaemia prevalence, and the method of Haemoglobin estimation, were some of the information recorded.
Results: A total of 88 articles were selected, out of which 20 were retained as per the inclusion criteria. Study from the east zone reported an anaemia prevalence of 36.4% and a significant association between serum ferreting levels and the severity of anaemia. The anaemia prevalence of different studies from the north, west and south zones ranged from 50-70%, 80-90%, and 30-79% respectively. Socio economic status, education of parents, prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency was some of the important factors contributing to the prevalence were highlighted.
Conclusion: Anaemia prevails across and within the different zones, it is not comparable. However, strengthening of the existing level of effort is necessary to address the issue of anaemia among adolescents in India.
Qbd Based RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Estimation of Amlodipine Besylate and Lisinopril Dihydrate in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Babar Sachin A. , Padwal Sudhakar L. , Bachute Madhusudhan T. 
Published: September 2021

The objective of this experiment was to develop and validate a simple, robust, and accurate QbD based Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography method for Simultaneous estimation of Amlodipine besylate and Lisinopril dihydrate in bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage form. A box-Behnken design was employed for optimizing the mobile phase, flow rate and pH of buffer, the optimized chromatographic conditions were Phosphate buffer: Methanol (25: 75 v/v), pH of buffer: 6.5 and flow rate: 1mL/min.
Furthermore formulation injected and observed that the additives do not interfere with the peak of Amlodipine besylate and Lisinopril dehydrate. Both drugs are well resolved and Retention times were found to be 2.332 min and 3.584 min respectively.
Linearity was observed in the concentration range of 10 μg to 50 μg/mL (r2=0.999). The accuracy range was 99.75 to 100.04%. Intra-day and Inter-day precision was found to be less than 2% RSD. The proposed method was useful for the best analysis of Amlodipine besylate and Lisinopril dihydrate in Bulk, pharmaceutical dosage forms and was successfully applied to routine analysis.
Emotional content of the event but not mood influences false memory
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Cowan Georgia , Colombo Marea , Gross Julien , Hayne Harlene 
Published: September 2021

SummaryIn the present research, we used the misinformation paradigm to investigate the effects of participants' mood during encoding of an event, and the emotional content of the event on false memory. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three mood‐induction groups (positive, negative, or neutral) and they all watched a video of an event that was comprised of positive, negative, and neutral scenes. Participants returned 24‐h later, and were randomly assigned to one of three question groups (misleading, leading, or neutral). False memory was higher for information pertaining to the negative scenes of the event than for information pertaining to the positive scenes of the event. Mood during encoding, however, did not influence false memory of the event. These findings have important practical implications in the context of the courtroom where to‐be‐remembered events and witnesses' mood are often emotionally laden.
Biomimetic 4D‐Printed Breathing Hydrogel Actuators by Nanothylakoid and Thermoresponsive Polymer Networks
Authors: Zhao Hao , Huang Yiming , Lv Fengting , Liu Libing , Gu Qi , Wang Shu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractShape‐morphing actuators, which can breathe with the accompany of morphology changes to mimic botanical events, are challenging to fabricate with soft hydrogel materials. Herein, 4D printed‐smart hydrogel actuators are reported that can not only dynamically deform but also generate oxygen (O2) upon external stimulations. The printed breathing actuators featured with spinach leaf‐derived thylakoid membrane (nanothylakoid) for photothermal conversion and catalytical O2 evolution, a poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) thermoresponsive polymer network for generating deformation forces by swelling/shrinkage (rehydration/dehydration), and an asymmetric bilayer poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)/polyacrylamide (PNIPA/PAA) structure to amplify the mechanical motions. Upon thermal stimulation or laser irradiation, the actuator can reversibly bend/unbend because of the photothermal conversion of nanothylakoid and the printed thermoresponsive asymmetric bilayer structure. Additionally, the catalase‐like property of nanothylakoid imparts the actuator with O2 evolution capability to breathe for further mimicking botanical systems. Notably, 4D printing can greatly facilitate and simplify the actuator fabrication process, including adjusting the size and layer compositions. This artificial breathing actuator with photothermal and catalytical properties provides a strategy in designing intelligent hydrogel systems and proves to be a highly promising material candidates in the fields of 3D/4D printing, automated robotics, and smart biomedical devices.
Balancing Intermolecular Interactions between Acceptors and Donor/Acceptor for Efficient Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Han Chenyu , Wang Jianxiao , Chen Liangliang , Chen Jingfei , Zhou Long , Wang Pengchao , Shen Wenfei , Zheng Nan , Wen Shuguang , Li Yonghai , Bao Xichang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPromoted by uninterrupted materials and device innovation, organic solar cells have achieved impressive development. However, the complicated intermolecular interactions inside active layers are less understood. Herein, the intermolecular interactions are studied from the dual perspectives of acceptor/acceptor (A/A) and donor/acceptor (D/A), and how these interactions synergistically control the final efficiencies. Three small molecular acceptors (SMAs) are designed with different end‐caps, which manipulate the crystallinity and electrostatic potential (ESP) distributions of acceptors, and accordingly, the A/A and D/A intermolecular interactions. The results show that SMA LA17 with low A/A interactions exhibits inferior performance around 12%, owing to its strong D/A interaction with donor PM6, which shapes too miscible morphology and increases charge recombination. Instead, LA16 with strong A/A interactions and moderate D/A interactions delivers improved bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) networks, and therefore, enhances charge transport and diminishes geminate or trap‐assisted charge recombination. Consequently, PM6:LA16 records the competitive efficiency of up to 13.74% among the three systems. Therefore, this study deepens the synergistic or balancing effect of the D/A and A/A interactions on BHJ blends for efficient organic solar cells.
On‐Surface Polymerization of In‐Plane Highly Ordered Carbon Nitride Nanosheets toward Photocatalytic Mineralization of Mercaptan Gas
Authors: Guo Fangsong , Hu Bing , Yang Can , Zhang Jinshui , Hou Yidong , Wang Xinchen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract2D carbon nitride nanosheets have attracted ever‐increasing interest in photocatalysis due to their unique structural advantages. However, the nanosheets synthesized by the traditional methods, such as post oxidation and liquid exfoliation, have suffered from in‐plane disorder with abundant structural defects, which seriously counteracts their structural benefits for photocatalysis. Herein, it is demonstrated that polymer carbon nitride nanosheets with in‐plane highly ordered structure (PCNNs‐IHO) can be successfully prepared by on‐surface polymerization of melamine on NaCl crystal surface at elevated temperatures. The NaCl crystals with relative high surface energy not only facilitate the adsorption and activation of melamine to undergo condensation reaction, but also function as unique substrates to orientate the assembly of 2D nanosheet structure. In addition, NaCl also acts as a reactant to provide Na+ doping into carbon nitride matrix, affording PCNNs‐IHO with robust structural base sites. Benefiting from this structural basicity, PCNNs‐IHO exhibits superior photocatalytic performance toward CH3SH mineralization under visible light irradiation.
An Evolving Insight into the Progress of Material Design for Membrane‐Based Electrochemical Lithium Ion Detection
Authors: Bakhtiarvand Bakhtiari Atousa , Mohammadi Bahareh , Moazzam Parisa , Didehroshan Dorsa , Razmjou Amir 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe global shift of energy resources from fossil fuel to renewable energy sources has already begun. The critical energy element of lithium (Li) plays an important role in this energy transition, which is demonstrated by the fast increase in its demand. Rapid and continuous detection of Li has become an important field, as the overexploitation of Li sites, mainly brines, could compromise the nearby aqueous resources that are less salty or contain freshwater. Spent Li‐ion batteries also pose deleterious effects on the environment and aqueous resources. Monitoring of lithium in blood during treating major depressive disorders is also crucial for decreasing the risk of potential lithium toxicity. Li selectivity and stability of membranes as an essential part of any Li sensor is the key to fabricate a high‐performance Li ion‐selective electrode (ISE). Here, the latest progress in Li‐ISEs is covered along with the advanced nanostructured materials that have been recently used for the preparation of Li ion‐selective membranes. The new concepts and technologies that have been created for the purpose of Li mining to be used for Li sensing development are also critically reviewed and highlighted.
Kirigami and Mogul‐Patterned Ultra‐Stretchable High‐Performance ZnO Nanowires‐Based Photodetector
Authors: Kumaresan Yogeenth , Min Guanbo , Dahiya Abhishek Singh , Ejaz Ammara , Shakthivel Dhayalan , Dahiya Ravinder 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWearable UV photodetectors (PDs) have attracted interest recently for detection of excess exposure of the skin to the UV radiation. Despite numerous advances made in this direction, many challenges remain, particularly in terms of device reliability under extreme mechanical deformations simultaneously and self‐powering, etc. Herein, a self‐powered stretchable PD developed with kirigami‐inspired honeycomb‐patterned zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) and coupled with a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is presented. After studying in detail the influence of ZnO NWs dispersion medium and metal‐ZnO NWs contacts, a novel fabrication approach employing the structural engineering on NWs‐elastomer composite is used to achieve high stretchability. The fabricated ZnO NWs‐based UV PDs, embedded inside kirigami‐inspired honeycomb‐patterned elastomeric substrate, exhibit unprecedented stretchability (up to 125%) and high‐performance with photo/dark current ratio of ≈5 × 105, responsivity of ≈54 A W−1, and a fast recovery time of 100 ms. Further, the stretchable PD is coupled with flexible TENGs to demonstrate a self‐powered system for potential application in real‐time UV radiation monitoring using advanced wearable healthcare technology.
Organocatalytic Synthesis of Substituted Vinylene Carbonates
Authors: Onida Killian , Haddleton Alice J. , Norsic Sébastien , Boisson Christophe , D'Agosto Franck , Duguet Nicolas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe organocatalytic synthesis of substituted vinylene carbonates from benzoins and acyloins was studied using diphenyl carbonate as a carbonyl source. A range of N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) precursors were screened and it was found that imidazolium salts were the most active for this transformation. The reaction occurs at 90 °C under solvent‐free conditions. A wide range of substituted vinylene carbonates (symmetrical and unsymmetrical, aromatic or aliphatic), including some derived from natural products, were prepared with 20–99% isolated yields (24 examples). The reaction was also developed using thermomorphic polyethylene‐supported organocatalysts as recoverable and recyclable species. The use of such species facilitates the workup and allows the synthesis of vinylene carbonates on the preparative scale (>30 g after 5 runs).magnified image
Structural, Electronic, and Mechanical Properties of 2D Oxidized Diamond (100) Nanofilms
Authors: Liu Yaning , Gong Mengmeng , Jia Suna , Gao Nan , Li Hongdong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this work, the structural, electronic, and mechanical properties of 2D atomically thick diamond (100) nanofilms with surface oxygen functionalization as a function of layer number (n) are investigated by first‐principles calculation. The phonon dispersion curves and ab‐initio molecular dynamics results prove the dynamical and thermal stabilities of the structures at n ≥ 6. The bandgaps of oxidized diamond nanofilms are independent of the layer number, attributed to the main contribution of surface atoms to conductance bands and valence bands near the Fermi energy. The Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) calculations with n from 6 to 22 show that the bandgaps of nanofilms with ether groups on both outmost sides (ether groups on one side and hydrogen functional groups on the other side) are in the region of 1.308–1.838 eV (1.803–1.884 eV). The bandgap values of nanofilms with methoxyacetone groups on both outmost sides (methoxyacetone groups on one side and hydrogen functional groups on the other side) localized in the region of 3.078–3.329 eV (3.135–3.302 eV), and the flat valence bands and conduction bands near the Fermi energy make the easy transition between direct to indirect bandgaps. The calculated elastic constants and acoustic velocities of nanofilms have a significantly parity‐dependent oscillatory phenomenon and increase with increasing film thickness. This work provides new ideas for fabricating 2D diamond‐based nanodevices (i.e., optoelectrical semiconductor devices, micro‐ and nano‐electro‐mechanical systems) with high performances applied in practical fields.