bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency and Correlates of Mycoplasma genitalium Antimicrobial Resistance Mutations and Their Association With Treatment Outcomes: Findings From a National Sentinel Surveillance Pilot in England
Authors: Fifer Helen , Merrick Rachel , Pitt Rachel , Yung Mandy , Allen Hester , Day Michaela , Sinka Katy , Woodford Neil , Mohammed Hamish , Brown Colin S. , Hughes Gwenda , Cole Michelle ,   on behalf of the MARS Collaborators Group
Published: June 2021

Background

Mycoplasma genitalium infection is a public health concern due to extensive antimicrobial resistance. Using data from a pilot of M. genitalium antimicrobial resistance surveillance, we determined the prevalence and risk factors for resistance among specimens from sexual health clinic attendees and assessed treatment outcomes.

Methods
Seventeen sexual health clinics in England sent consecutive M. genitalium–positive specimens to the national reference laboratory from January to March 2019. Regions of the 23S rRNA, parC, and gyrA genes associated with macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance, respectively, were amplified and sequenced where appropriate. Fisher exact tests, and univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine associations between demographic, clinical, and behavioral factors and resistance-associated mutations.

Results
More than two-thirds (173 of 249 [69%]) of M. genitalium specimens had mutations associated with macrolide resistance, whereas predicted fluoroquinolone (21 of 251 [8%]) and dual-drug (12 of 237 [5%]) resistance were less prevalent. No specimens had both gyrA and parC resistance-associated mutations. Macrolide resistance was more common in specimens from men who have sex with men compared with heterosexual men (adjusted odds ratio, 2.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–6.38; P = 0.03). There was an association between both macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance and having a previous sexually transmitted infection (P = 0.06).
Only 19% of individuals returned for a test of cure. Of those infected with a macrolide-resistant genotype who were given azithromycin, 57 of 78 (73%) were known or assumed to be clinically cured; however, 43 of these 57 (75%) also received doxycycline. Of the 21 with a macrolide-resistant genotype who failed treatment, 18 of 21 (86%) also received doxycycline.

Conclusions
Although macrolide resistance was widespread, particularly among specimens from men who have sex with men and those with a previous sexually transmitted infection diagnosis in the past year, resistance-associated mutations in M. genitalium did not seem to be unequivocally predictive of treatment failure.
Hospital effects drive variation in access to inpatient rehabilitation after trauma
Authors: Lussiez Alisha , Montgomery John R. , Sangji Naveen F. , Fan Zhaohui , Oliphant Bryant W. , Hemmila Mark R. , Dimick Justin B. , Scott John W. 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND
Postacute care rehabilitation is critically important to recover after trauma, but many patients do not have access. A better understanding of the drivers behind inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) use has the potential for major cost-savings as well as higher-quality and more equitable patient care. We sought to quantify the variation in hospital rates of trauma patient discharge to inpatient rehabilitation and understand which factors (patient vs. injury vs. hospital level) contribute the most.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective cohort study of 668,305 adult trauma patients admitted to 900 levels I to IV trauma centers between 2011 and 2015 using the National Trauma Data Bank. Participants were included if they met the following criteria: age >18 years, Injury Severity Score of ≥9, identifiable injury type, and who had one of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services preferred diagnoses for inpatient rehabilitation under the “60% rule.”

RESULTS
The overall risk- and reliability-adjusted hospital rates of discharge to IRF averaged 18.8% in the nonelderly adult cohort (18–64 years old) and 23.4% in the older adult cohort (65 years or older). Despite controlling for all patient-, injury-, and hospital-level factors, hospital discharge of patients to IRF varied substantially between hospital quintiles and ranged from 9% to 30% in the nonelderly adult cohort and from 7% to 46% in the older adult cohort. Proportions of total variance ranged from 2.4% (patient insurance) to 12.1% (injury-level factors) in the nonelderly adult cohort and from 0.3% (patient-level factors) to 26.0% (unmeasured hospital-level factors) in the older adult cohort.

CONCLUSION
Among a cohort of injured patients with diagnoses that are associated with significant rehabilitation needs, the hospital at which a patient receives their care may drive a patient’s likelihood of recovering at an IRF just as much, if not more, than their clinical attributes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Care management, level IV.
Contemporary utility of diagnostic peritoneal aspiration in trauma
Authors: Schellenberg Morgan , Owattanapanich Natthida , Emigh Brent , Karavites Lindsey , Clark Damon H. , Lam Lydia , Inaba Kenji 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND
Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) has supplanted diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) as the preferred bedside evaluation for traumatic hemoperitoneum. Diagnostic peritoneal aspiration (DPA) is a simpler, faster modification of DPL with an unclear role in contemporary practice. This study delineated modern roles for DPA and defined its diagnostic yield.

METHODS
All trauma patients presenting to our Level I center who underwent DPA were included (May 2015 to May 2020). Demographics, comorbidities, clinical/injury data, and outcomes were collected. The diagnostic yield and accuracy of DPA were calculated against the criterion standard of hemoperitoneum at exploratory laparotomy or computed tomography scan.

RESULTS
In total, 41 patients underwent DPA, typically after blunt trauma (n = 37, 90%). Patients were almost exclusively hypotensive (n = 20, 49%) or in arrest (n = 18, 44%). Most patients had an equivocal or negative FAST and hypotension or return of spontaneous circulation after resuscitative thoracotomy (n = 32, 78%); or had a positive FAST and known cirrhosis (n = 4, 10%). In two (5%) patients, one obese, the catheter failed to access the peritoneal cavity. Diagnostic peritoneal aspiration sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 80%, 100%, 100%, and 90%, with an accuracy of 93%. One (2%) complication, a small bowel injury, occurred.

CONCLUSION
Despite near ubiquitous FAST availability, DPA remains important in diagnosing or excluding hemoperitoneum with exceedingly low rates of failure and complications. Diagnostic peritoneal aspiration is most conclusive when positive, without false positives in this study. Diagnostic peritoneal aspiration was most used among blunt hypotensive or postarrest patients who had an equivocal or negative FAST, in whom the preliminary diagnosis of hemoperitoneum is a critically important decision making branch point.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Diagnostic, level III.
Combat-related ocular injuries in the Israel Defense Forces during the years 2013 to 2019
Authors: Shakarchy-Kaminsky Nitzan , Megreli Jacob , Kaminsky Dan , Tsur Avishai M. , Nadler Roy , Radomislensky Irina , Gelikas Shaul , Glassberg Elon , Benov Avi , Furer Ariel 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND
Ocular injuries account for up to 13% of battle injuries, despite the implementation of advanced protective eyewear (PE). The aim of this study was to describe the extent of ocular injuries over the last years among Israel Defense Forces soldiers and to examine the change in PE policy introduced in 2013 and the effect of a high-intensity conflict on ocular injury characteristics.

METHODS
This retrospective registry-based analysis derived data from the Israel Defense Forces Trauma Registry and included soldiers who sustained combat-related ocular injuries between the years 2013 and 2019. Demographic data and injury characteristics of casualties, as well as information regarding the use of PE, were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS
A total of 2,312 military casualties were available for this study; the incidence of combat-related ocular injuries was 8.9% (n = 113). Ocular injuries occurred among male soldiers (98.2%) with a mean ± SD age of 22.7 ± 4.6 years; mechanism of injury was penetrating in 59.3% of the casualties and blunt in 22.1% of the casualties, ocular injury was isolated in 51.3% of the casualties, and others sustained concomitant injuries including head (32.7%), upper extremity injury (17.7%), lower extremity (15.9%), torso (8.0%), neck (6.2%), and other (5.9%) injuries. Ocular injuries rate was similar among casualties who used PE (11.2%) and those who did not use PE (13.0%) while injured (p = 0.596). Rate of open globe injuries was 9.1% in casualties who used PE and 39.5% (p = 0.002) in casualties who did not.

CONCLUSION
Eye protection may significantly reduce ocular injuries severity. Education of the combatants on the use of PE and guidance of medical teams on proper assessment, initial treatment, and rapid evacuation of casualties are needed to improve visual outcomes of the casualties further.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Epidemiological study, level IV.
HLA-DR Mismatch and Black Race Are Associated With Recurrent Autoimmune Hepatitis After Liver Transplantation
Authors: McCabe Marshall , Rush Natalia , Lammert Craig , Patidar Kavish R. , Nephew Lauren , Saxena Romil , Ekser Burcin , Salven James , Kubal Chandrashekhar , Ghabril Marwan 
Published: June 2021

Background.
The predictors of recurrent autoimmune hepatitis (R-AIH) after liver transplantation (LT) are heterogeneous with limited data to guide immunosuppression, with little data on impact of race.

Aims.
To describe the incidence, predictors, and outcomes of R-AIH.

Methods.
We studied patients undergoing LT for AIH during 2000–2017 at our center. Liver biopsies were performed for clinical indications. R-AIH was defined using clinical and histologic criteria.

Results.
Among 75 patients undergoing LT for AIH (mean age 45 ± 16, 65% female individuals, 19% Black), 71 (95%) received antithymocyte globulin induction with tacrolimus-based immunosuppression. R-AIH developed in 20 (27%) patients at a median interval of 313 d (interquartile range, 155–1205). R-AIH was associated with level 2 HLA-DR mismatch (hazard ratio, 3.6; (95% confidence interval, 1.3-9.9; P = 0.01) and Black race (hazard ratio, 4.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.8-11.8; P = 0.002)] in the multivariable analysis. R-AIH developed in 62% of patients with level 2 HLA-DR mismatch on single-agent immunosuppression but in <20% of patients with no or 1 HLA-DR mismatch regardless of maintenance immunosuppression. R-AIH developed in 8 (57%) of 14 Black patients (71% on single-agent and 43% on dual-agent maintenance immunosuppression). Patient and graft survival were not impacted by R-AIH over a median follow-up of 8.3 y (interquartile range, 3–12).

Conclusions.
High-level HLA-DR mismatch and Black recipient race are associated with an increased risk of R-AIH. Immunosuppression did not predict R-AIH, but higher rates of disease recurrence with single-agent maintenance immunosuppression with these risk factors were observed and may guide maintenance immunosuppression in LT for AIH.
Investigation and analysis of blood-borne occupational exposure of medical staff in a hospital in Hubei Province
Authors: Yang Yan , Yang Junzheng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesBy collecting and sorting out the data of 220 blood-borne occupational exposure medical staff’ in a hospital in Hubei Province, investigated the present situations and problems of the blood-borne occupational exposure, and the causes were analyzed and the improvement measures for personal safety of the medical staff were also made, which may provide guidance and reference significance for the medical staff.Methodsa retrospective survey was conducted to analyze occupational exposure populations by influence factors (gender, age, occupation, occurrence places, occurrence links, and exposure of pathogens types.ResultsThere were 220 medical staff of blood-borne occupational exposure in the hospital in Hubei Province from 2015 to 2017 to be investigated, and the blood-borne occupational exposure populations were mainly concentrated on nurses (65%) and doctors (31.82%) (both of populations accounted for 96.82% in total occupational exposure medical staff), and the age of blood-borne occupational exposure populations were mainly 20~29 years old (61.82%), followed by 30~39 years old (26.82%), 40~49 years old (8.64%), and >50 years old (2.73%). The main occurrence places for blood-borne occupational exposure were wards (46.36%) and treatment room/disposal rooms(26.36%); the main occurrence links of blood-borne occupational exposure were mainly injured during needle extraction (29.09%), stab and cut during treatment (23.64%), disposal of waste (17.27%) and accidental injury during operation (16.82%). The main pathogen types of blood-borne occupational exposure were hepatitis B (HBV) and syphilis, accounting for 36.36% and 10.45%, respectively.ConclusionsThe population of blood-borne occupational exposure in this hospital mainly concentrated in nurses aged 20-29 years old, followed by doctors, mainly happened at wards and treatment rooms/disposal rooms; the high-risk links were mainly injured during needle extraction and stab and cut during treatment, and the main pathogen types were HBV and syphilis. Those evidences showed that to strengthen the awareness of prevention and operation standard training for the related medical staff (mainly nurses and doctors aged 20-29 years old) and to supervise the relevant departments to do a good job of supervision, it can greatly reduce the incidence and risk of blood-borne occupational exposure in this hospital.
Toward enhanced excellence in Brazilian investment firms: the role of investors' personality assessment tools
Authors: Frantz Adriana , Olivo Rodolfo Leandro de Faria , Sales George André Willrich , Silva Fabiana 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis research aims to investigate how personality, identified through the psychological type, can contribute to a more robust process of identifying the investor's profile. The traditional process of investor profile analysis of Brazilian financial institutions is performed through a form in which basic information is required to define the profile. By adding psychological and behavioral aspects obtained through the Myers–Briggs type indicator (MBTI) typology, institutions participating in the financial and capital markets could enrich the understanding of their clients.Design/methodology/approachIt presents a quantitative approach, with an exploratory-descriptive focus, with a survey carried out on a sample of 613 investors, in which nonparametric tests were performed to test hypotheses on the influence of personality on the behavioral aspects of these investors.FindingsThe results showed a relationship between the dimensions of the personality type and the investment profile, indicating that personality is a relevant factor in guiding investor behavior. In this context, evidence of the applicability of the principles of behavioral finance to investor behavior was found, to the detriment of traditional finance principles.Practical implicationsFindings help investors to plan and manage their finances more appropriate manner. Financial institutions can create more accurate and realistic investor profile analysis processes, adding psychological and behavioral aspects obtained through the MBTI typology. In this way, companies and financial advisors will be able to provide a better-quality service to their clients, recommending the most appropriate investment strategies.Originality/valueThe elements originality of this study are as follows: (1) methodology: there is a lack of research covering the application of personality assessment tools, particularly the MBTI, to improve investor's profile analysis; (2) geographical coverage: lack of research of the theme in Brazil and Latin America in general; (3) robustness of the database.
Managerial coaching: where are we now and where should we go in the future?
Authors: Carvalho Charles , Carvalho Fallan Kirby , Carvalho Sheldon 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
In this paper, we provide a brief understanding of the field of managerial coaching, specifically, offering insights on what has been studied and ideas on where the field can move forward.

Design/methodology/approach
We review managerial coaching research, focusing in particular on its consequences and determinants. Based on the review, we uncover three areas that will help advance the development of managerial coaching research.

Findings
Our review indicates that both individual and contextual factors influence managerial coaching. Managerial coaching is beneficial not only for employees but also for managers who engage in coaching and the teams they manage. Despite the overwhelmingly positive view of managerial coaching, emerging research addresses the detrimental effects of coaching on managers who engage in coaching. We call on researchers to undertake more work on the factors that reduce managers’ inclination to coach, dark side outcomes of coaching, and role of individual and contextual factors in influencing the effects of coaching.

Originality/value
By reviewing extant managerial coaching research as well as suggesting fruitful avenues for researchers to explore, this paper serves as a useful guide for scholars interested in contributing to the emerging body of research on managerial coaching.
Fast and accurate computation of interactions between linear fiber segments
Authors: Pal Anirban 
Published: June 2021

PurposeFiber networks represent a vast class of materials, which can be modeled by representing its microstructure using one-dimensional fiber embedded in three-dimensional space. Investigating the statics, dynamics and thermodynamics of such structures from computational first principles requires the efficient estimation of cohesive-repulsive energies and forces between interacting fiber segments. This study offers a fast, efficient and effective computational methodology to estimate such interactions which can be coupled with Hamiltonian mechanics to simulate the behavior of fibrous systems.Design/methodology/approachThis method preserves the uniformly continuous distribution of particles on the line segments and utilizes adaptive numerical integration of relevant distance-distribution functions to estimate the effective interaction energy and forces.FindingsThis method is found to be cheaper to compute and more accurate than the corresponding discrete scheme. This scheme is also versatile in the sense that any pair-wise interaction model can be used.Research limitations/implicationsThe scheme depends on the availability of a suitable pair-interaction potential, such as a Lennard-Jones potential or Morse potential. Additionally, it can only be used for systems which are purely fibrous in nature. For example, fiber composites with a non-fibrous matrix are not addressed.Practical implicationsPaper, woven and hair can be represented as purely fibrous at some relevant length scales and are thus excellent candidate systems for this scheme.Originality/valueThis paper presents a novel method which allows rapid and accurate implementation of an otherwise computationally expensive process.
The mediating role of financial performance in the relationship between green innovation and firm value: evidence from ASEAN countries
Authors: Asni Nur , Agustia Dian 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating role of financial performance (FP) in modelling the relationship between green innovation (GI) and firm value (FV), using ASEAN countries as sample with panel analysis.Design/methodology/approachA panel data was collected from 374 publicly traded companies in six ASEAN countries, and was analysed using feasible general least squares (FGLS) to control heteroscedasticity and serial correlation.FindingsThe findings suggest that financial performance, namely return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE), has a significant value in mediating the relationship between GI and FV. This illustrates that investors in the ASEAN region's capital market are more interested in the economic motivation for companies implementing GI. Other findings also provide evidence that ROA and ROE have positive and significant effects on FV. This indicates that the profitability resulting from a firm's ability to continuously innovate has a positive impact on the creation of value by manufacturing companies in the ASEAN region.Research limitations/implicationsThe number of observations is still relatively limited, from manufacturing companies listed on stock exchanges in the ASEAN countries. The total number of samples used in this study was 374 companies with 22.30% of the total population.Originality/valueThis study combines the different types of secondary data to provide panel evidence on the mediating effect of financial performance using ROA and ROE in the relationship between green innovation and firm value, using ASEAN countries as the sample.
Team reward interdependence and team performance: roles of shared leadership and psychological ownership
Authors: Gu Qinxuan , Hu Dongqing , Hempel Paul 
Published: June 2021

PurposeDrawing on the motivated information processing in groups (MIP-G) model, the purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between team reward interdependence and team performance, treating shared leadership as a mediator and team average job-based psychological ownership as a moderator.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from a field sample of 72 knowledge-based work teams comprised of 466 team members and their team leaders. Data were analysed using hierarchical regression analysis and moderated path analysis.FindingsTeam reward interdependence was positively related to team performance through shared leadership. Team average job-based psychological ownership moderated both the relationship between team reward interdependence and shared leadership, and the indirect relationship between team reward interdependence and team performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe shared leadership literature is extended by exploring the antecedents of shared leadership from the perspective of team incentives and by examining the moderating role of team average job-based psychological ownership.Practical implicationsOrganizations and managers should pay attention to team pay system design and be aware of the importance of employees’ psychological ownership toward their jobs in promoting shared leadership in teams.Originality/valueThis study sheds light on the antecedents of shared leadership from motivated information processing perspective and examines antecedent boundary conditions through the moderating role of team average job-based psychological ownership.