bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Unnatural Deaths of Women Brought to Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences for Medico-Legal Autopsy
Authors: Praveen Kumar  
Published: January 2021

Discrimination against women in our society is deeply embedded within family context of the women.
Women are subjected to violence from husbands and from their relatives in their natal as well as marital
homes. This study was designed to determine unnatural deaths of females in Raichur during the year 2017.
total 362 cases were autopsied where as 77 women of unnatural deaths were autopsied. Third and fourth
decade were common age group. Most of the unnatural deaths were suicidal and road traffic accidents.
This study reflects the susceptibility of women to unnatural deaths, thus needs to enhance the multipronged
protective system, to curb these potentially preventable unnatural deaths of females
Morphometric Study of External Nose for Sex Determination and Ethnic Group Differentiation
Authors: Senthil Kumar B  
Published: January 2021

Background: External nose is one of the anatomical structures that give a look in an individual’s face. The
size and shape of the nose vary from one individual to another individual.
Aim: To determine the sex based on morphometry of external nose.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 100 Malaysians and 100 South Indians of
age group (20 to 30 years). The morphometric measurements of the external nose such as nasal length (NL),
nasal breadth (NB), nasal height (NH), nasal depth (ND), width of columella (WC), nostril breadth (NB),
alar length (AL) and alar width (AW) were measured using digital caliper by standard procedure.
Results: The nasal width was found to be larger in Malaysian females as compared to that of Indian females.
The nasal height was found to be larger in Indian males followed by Indian females and vice versa in
Malaysian population. When compared among the population the nasal length was lengthier in Indian
population and in Malaysian males when compared to Malaysian females. Alar length slight difference was
found between male and female of both the population when compared on both the sides. The alar width
was found to be more in Indian population when compared to Malaysian population. The nostril breadth was
found to be wider in Malaysian population when compared to the Indian population.
Conclusion: The present study shows that their do exist gender difference in nasal morphometry and nasal
index of both males and females.
Assessment of Mother’s Practice among Using Oral Rehydration Solution for their Children with Diarrhea in Babylon City
Authors: Abdulmahdi A. Hasan  
Published: January 2021

Objectives: A descriptive study that aimed to find out demographic characteristics of mothers like age ,
level of education , occupation and resident area, to find out demographic characteristics of child regarding
age , sex and birth order of the child and kind of feeding breast feeding and to assess the mother practices
among using oral rehydration solution.
Methodology: The study was carried out at Child and Maternal Babylon Hospital, study period extended
from December(2016) to end of the February(2017). Anon-probability sample was selected from Child and
Maternal Babylon Hospital and al-Hashemia Hospital, the sample consisted (100) mothers.
Results : showed that (64% ) of mothers their age between ( 20-30 ) years . also results reveal that ( 56% )
of mothers graduate from primary school ,and show that ( 93% ) of mothers were unemployed.
Hospital Door Knobs as a Source of Bacterial Contamination: A Study in Iraqi Hospitals
Authors: Zainab Salim Jaafar  
Published: January 2021

In this study, 20 swabs were collected from three hospitals in the holy city of Karbala (Al Hussein General
Hospital, Al Abbas Private Hospital and Maternity Hospital). Nutrient agar was grown on solid feed medium
and incubated at 37 ° C for 24-48 hours for isolation and diagnosis. Bacterial isolates obtained underwent
biochemical and bacteriological tests for diagnosis. I prepared different doses of isolated bacteria according
to the McFarland model. Then take 0.1 ml of 1/10000 IV dilution and add to Muller Hinton agar medium.
The results of the preliminary diagnosis of the isolated bacteria showed that the positive bacteria of Cram
stain were higher than those of Cram negative bacteria. The largest number of S.aureus bacteria was in the
hospital environment from which swabs were taken and in all locations, especially bathrooms. By calculating
the percentage of the total number of samples diagnosed for each hospital separately, the results showed that
Hussein General Hospital had the highest contamination rate of 90%, while Al-Ahli Hospital had the lowest
contamination rate of 40%. With regard to the effect of antiseptics, the concentration gave 75% Dettol the
highest amount of inhibition of bacterial growth compared with other concentrations.
On the other hand, the synergistic effect of both antiseptics (Dettol and chlorine) 75% -25% had an effect
on inhibition of bacterial growth and its total elimination in the medium compared to other concentrations.
Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Pain among Iraqi Dentists
Authors: Alia Tabour Thijeel  
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) very high among dentists world wide.
Among these MSDs, neck pain & Low back pain are most common. Objective: After extensive search on
prevalence of MSDs pain among dentists in different countries, we planned a study to examine prevalence
among Iraqi dentists. Methodology: this study was cross sectional survey study conducted at Medical
institute of Baghdad, Al-Falah dental center and Prosthetic and orthodontic dental center. Dentists were
selected using simple randomized methods and using certain exclusion and inclusion criteria. Results: All
participants filled the questionnaire forum . 44.4% were male, 66.6% female. Prevalence of back pain was
18.9% , Neck pain was 13.3%, 2.2% had hand pain, 30% had no pain. Conclusion: High prevalence of
MSDs in general reach to about 70% and the most affected area were as fellow :Neck& shoulder , back and
hand .Male and young age were more prone to different MSDs.
The Effect of the use of E-Learning Teaching Physiology in the Academic Achievement of Students of the Technical Medical Institute
Authors: Mayad Nazim Rashid  
Published: January 2021

Physiology is an important science that is taught at the Technical Medical Institute, where it is taught in
most sections and branches, and to know the extent of the student’s understanding and mental abilities by
the use of modern technology, and learning may be an immediate or simultaneous learning in the classroom
or outside. E-learning is characterized by ease and modification of information provided and increases
the possibility of communication to exchange views, experiences and perspectives between students and
teachers and overcome the problem of the number of students with narrow classrooms. It is also successful
for the “traditional education” that exists at the institute, where it constitutes the collective presence of
students and promotes joint work among them. The present research aims to identify the effect of using an
e-learning by teaching physiology in the academic achievement of the students of the Technical Medical
Institute. They were divided into two groups, the first experimental and the second by twenty students for
each group, one of the experimental group that studied e-learning method and the second control, which
studied by lecture method.
Detection of Parvovirus B19 Infection in Thalasemic Patients in Tikrit City, Serological Study
Authors: Hala Mohamed Majeed  
Published: January 2021

Background:-ParvovirusB19, a member of the genus Erythrovirus virus of the Parvoviridae family, causes several clinical diseases including infectious erythematosus, joints, fetalis hydrops or chronic hemolytic anemia like thalassemia syndrome, transient aplastic crises. B19 can be transmitted through respiratory secretions, blood products, and blood transfusions.Objective: To identify the seroprevalence of Human Parvovirus B19 virus in Patients with thalassemia major in Tikrit city.Material and method:- This lessons is a cross-sectional case control study that included 130 Patients infection with beta thalassemia attendance the Tikrit Military Hospital Department of Blood Diseases Unit as of 1/7 /2018 to 1/12/2018 major age ranging from 1-60 years and 50 healthy patients as control grouping. Blood sample were obtain for determination of specific antibodies IgG and IgM for HPV-B19 by enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA).Results:- HPV B19 IgM antibodies were detected in 15 of 130 thalassemic patient(11.5%),and not detected in any patient of control group, P value ( 0.02).While anti-HPV B19 IgG antibodies were detected in 50 of 130 of thalassemic patient (38.5 %)and 2(4%) of 50 in control group(5%), P value(0.003).. the range age of the thalassemia patient was (2 –58 years) and B19 infection was highest in the 20-to-40 year range. And the result show the highest percentage to infected to virus during the blood transfusions once a month per month was 30(100%) anti-B19IgG and 8(26.7%) anti-B19IgM.Conclusion:-In this study, acute B19 infections were detect in patients with beta thalassemia major. showing of such high-risk groups can significantly reduce the incidence and prevalence of B19 infection; thus, screening is required for epidemiologic surveillance and disease-prevention measures.
TESS Discovery of a Super-Earth and Three Sub-Neptunes Hosted by the Bright, Sun-like Star HD 108236
Authors: Daylan Tansu , Pinglé Kartik , Wright Jasmine , Günther Maximilian N. , Stassun Keivan G. , Kane Stephen R. , Vanderburg Andrew , Jontof-Hutter Daniel , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Shporer Avi , Huang Chelsea X. , Mikal-Evans Thomas , Badenas-Agusti Mariona , Collins Karen A. , Rackham Benjamin V. , Quinn Samuel N. , Cloutier Ryan , Collins Kevin I. , Guerra Pere , Jensen Eric L. N. , Kielkopf John F. , Massey Bob , Schwarz Richard P. , Charbonneau David , Lissauer Jack J. , Irwin Jonathan M. , Baştürk Özgür , Fulton Benjamin , Soubkiou Abderahmane , Zouhair Benkhaldoun , Howell Steve B. , Ziegler Carl , Briceño César , Law Nicholas , Mann Andrew W. , Scott Nic , Furlan Elise , Ciardi David R. , Matson Rachel , Hellier Coel , Anderson David R. , Butler R. Paul , Crane Jeffrey D. , Teske Johanna K. , Shectman Stephen A. , Kristiansen Martti H. , Terentev Ivan A. , Schwengeler Hans Martin , Ricker George R. , Vanderspek Roland , Seager Sara , Winn Joshua N. , Jenkins Jon M. , Berta-Thompson Zachory K. , Bouma Luke G. , Fong William , Furesz Gabor , Henze Christopher E. , Morgan Edward H. , Quintana Elisa , Ting Eric B. , Twicken Joseph D. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We report the discovery and validation of four extrasolar planets hosted by the nearby, bright, Sun-like (G3V) star HD 108236 using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). We present transit photometry, reconnaissance, and precise Doppler spectroscopy, as well as high-resolution imaging, to validate the planetary nature of the objects transiting HD 108236, also known as the TESS Object of Interest (TOI) 1233. The innermost planet is a possibly rocky super-Earth with a period of

days and has a radius of 1.586 ± 0.098 R
⊕. The outer planets are sub-Neptunes, with potential gaseous envelopes, having radii of

R
⊕, 2.72 ± 0.11 R
⊕, and

R
⊕ and periods of

days,

days, and

days, respectively. With V and K

s
magnitudes of 9.2 and 7.6, respectively, the bright host star makes the transiting planets favorable targets for mass measurements and, potentially, for atmospheric characterization via transmission spectroscopy. HD 108236 is the brightest Sun-like star in the visual (V) band known to host four or more transiting exoplanets. The discovered planets span a broad range of planetary radii and equilibrium temperatures and share a common history of insolation from a Sun-like star (R
⋆ = 0.888 ± 0.017 R
⊙, T
eff = 5730 ± 50 K), making HD 108236 an exciting, opportune cosmic laboratory for testing models of planet formation and evolution.
Three-dimensional Simulations of the Inhomogeneous Low Solar Wind
Authors: Magyar N. , Nakariakov V. M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In the near future, the Parker Solar Probe will put theories about the dynamics and nature of the transition between the solar corona and the solar wind to stringent tests. The most popular mechanism aimed to explain the dynamics of the nascent solar wind, including its heating and acceleration, is magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. Most of the previous models focused on nonlinear cascade induced by interactions of outgoing Alfvén waves and their reflections, ignoring effects that might be related to perpendicular structuring of the solar coronal plasma, despite overwhelming evidence for it. In this paper, for the first time, we analyze through 3D MHD numerical simulations the dynamics of the perpendicularly structured solar corona and solar wind, from the low corona to 15 R
⊙. We find that background structuring has a strong effect on the evolution of MHD turbulence, on much faster timescales than in the perpendicularly homogeneous case. On timescales shorter than nonlinear times, linear effects related to phase mixing result in a 1/f perpendicular energy spectrum. As the turbulent cascade develops, we observe a perpendicular (parallel) energy spectrum with a power-law index of −3/2 or −5/3 (−2), a steeper perpendicular magnetic field than velocity spectrum, and a strong build-up of negative residual energy. We conclude that the turbulence is most probably generated by the self-cascade of the driven transverse kink waves, referred to previously as “uniturbulence,” which might represent the dominant nonlinear energy cascade channel in the pristine solar wind.
Atomic Clocks in Space: A Search for Rubidium and Cesium Masers in M- and L-dwarfs
Authors: Darling Jeremy 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
I searched for the ground state 6.8 and 9.2 GHz hyperfine transitions of rubidium and cesium toward M- and L-dwarfs that show Rb and Cs optical resonance lines. The optical lines can pump the hyperfine transitions, potentially forming masers. These spin-flip transitions of Rb and Cs are the principal transitions used in atomic clocks (the 133Cs hyperfine transition defines the second). If they are detected in stellar atmospheres, these transitions would provide exceptionally precise clocks that can be used as accelerometers, as exoplanet detectors, as probes of the predictions of general relativity, as probes of light propagation effects, and as a means to do fundamental physics with telescopes. Observations of 21 M- and L-dwarfs, however, show no evidence for Rb or Cs maser action, and a previous survey of giant stars made no Rb maser detections.
NEO Population, Velocity Bias, and Impact Risk from an ATLAS Analysis
Authors: Heinze A. N. , Denneau Larry , Tonry John L. , Smartt Steven J. , Erasmus Nicolas , Fitzsimmons Alan , Robinson James E. , Weiland Henry , Flewelling Heather , Stalder Brian , Rest Armin , Young David R. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We estimate the total population of near-Earth objects (NEOs) in the solar system using an extensive, “solar-system-to-pixels” fake-asteroid simulation to debias detections of real NEOs by the ATLAS survey. Down to absolute magnitudes H = 25 and 27.6 (diameters of ∼34 and 10 m, respectively, for 15% albedo), we find total populations of (3.72 ± 0.49) × 105 and (1.59 ± 0.45) × 107 NEOs, respectively. Most of the plausible sources of error tend toward underestimation, so the true populations are likely larger. We find the distribution of H magnitudes steepens for NEOs fainter than H ∼ 22.5, making small asteroids more common than extrapolation from brighter H mags would predict. Our simulation indicates a strong bias against detecting small but dangerous asteroids that encounter Earth with high relative velocities—i.e., asteroids in highly inclined and/or eccentric orbits. Worldwide NEO discovery statistics indicate this bias affects global NEO detection capability to the point that an observational census of small asteroids in such orbits is probably not currently feasible. Prompt and aggressive followup of NEO candidates, combined with closer collaborations between segments of the global NEO community, can increase detection rates for these dangerous objects.
Un capitalisme de surveillance
Authors: Zuboff Shoshana , Rose Sean 
Published: January 2021

À l’âge de l’information, doit-on tout accepter au nom du libre accès à Internet ? Derrière des déclarations d’intention relatives à la liberté et leur mission d’utilité publique, les géants de l’économie numérique pratiquent une forme inédite de capitalisme à travers la collecte massive de données personnelles. La sociologue et professeure émérite de la Harvard Business School, Shoshana Zuboff, a théorisé sur ce nouveau visage de l’exploitation qu’elle nomme « capitalisme de surveillance ».
Apports de la pair-aidance aux dispositifs de santé mentale en France
Authors: Niard Camille , Franck Nicolas 
Published: January 2021

Tant Camille Niard, médiatrice de santé paire, que Nicolas Franck, Professeur de psychiatrie, tournent leur projecteur sur la professionnalisation des pairs-aidants en santé mentale. Ils dressent un état des lieux de leur nombre, de leurs formations et de leurs objectifs. Ces derniers se recommandant historiquement de cette pratique dite Recovery ou Rétablissement, initiée aux USA par « Les survivants de la psychiatrie » dans les années 1970. La pair-aidance « affirme que la vulnérabilité psychique peut s’apprivoiser, être dépassée et devenir une force pour la personne et, au-delà, pour la société ». Deux originalités aussi à retenir dans cet article centré sur le Rétablissement. D’une part, il existe une association intitulée « ESPAIRS » (tout l’espoir promu par les pairs), collectif autogéré de pairs, au service des institutions, mais hiérarchiquement indépendantes d’elles. D’autre part, depuis 2019, a été mis en place un Observatoire du Rétablissement, animé par des pairs et financé par la Fondation de France.
Parité statutaire et disparité subjective
Authors: Lecarpentier Michel 
Published: January 2021

Comment la clinique de la Borde a-t-elle su faire face à l’épidémie de la Covid-19 et de l’aliénation sociale en résultant ? « Faute de se serrer les mains, se serrer les coudes », écrit Michel Lecarpentier, psychiatre de longue date dans cette clinique psychiatrique exemplaire. Dans son témoignage, daté du 30 mai 2020, peu de temps après la levée du « confinement », la longue histoire de la Borde, par-delà les cloisonnements statutaires, a permis de sauvegarder l’essentiel : le sens de l’existence. Grâce à une club thérapeutique fondé en 1953 et une association Croix-Marine dès 1965, les activités relationnelles, le collectif a pu maintenir les activités tant à l’intérieur de la clinique que dans les maisons associatives dans la cité. Avec toute une histoire de « connivence », chère à Jean Oury, la reconnaissance de chacun a permis que la pair-aidance y prenne la figure de la « disparité subjective ».
Le discret régime juridique applicable aux proches du fonctionnaire
Authors: Cadinot Clément 
Published: January 2021

Les proches du fonctionnaire ne sont pas soumis à un corpus juridique clairement identifiable. Ils font pourtant l’objet de dispositions parfois anciennes dans le statut de la fonction publique. Ces dispositions, qui ont été récemment étoffées avec des lois de 2016 et de 2019, portent sur la protection des proches d’une part, et sur des précautions quant à l’exercice de certaines activités de leur part, d’autre part.
Patient partenaire : de la pratique à la recherche
Authors: Pétré Benoît , Louis Gilles , Voz Bernard , Berkesse Alexandre , Flora Luigi 
Published: January 2021

L’approche du « patient partenaire de soins » est aujourd’hui considérée comme un levier majeur pour l’optimisation des systèmes de soins. Si les patients doivent indiscutablement être parties prenantes et critiques d’un système de santé, il n’en demeure pas moins que cette notion mérite d’être mieux documentée pour gagner en efficacité et efficience et asseoir de bonnes pratiques. Différents enjeux de recherche dans ce domaine sont soulevés sur des aspects de clarification conceptuelle, d’évaluation et de compréhension des pratiques. Cet article souhaite ouvrir le dialogue autour de la construction d’un agenda de recherche sur la thématique du partenariat.
État des lieux du système d’information sanitaire du Gabon
Authors: Koumamba Aimé Patrice , Lipenguet Gaetan Moukoumbi , Mbenga Raymond Ondzigue , Bisvigou Ulrich Jolhy , Assoum-Mve Fidéline Ursule Andeme , Effame Yvon Patrice , Tsokati Jean Donatien , Nka Emmanuel Assoumou , Djali Olive Léa , Ngoungou Brice Edgard , Diallo Gayo , Bagayoko Cheick Oumar 
Published: January 2021

Objectif : Le besoin de disposer d’un système d’information sanitaire efficient et fiable a motivé le Gabon, avec l’appui de la Banque mondiale, pour qu’il financer un projet visant à renforcer son système d’information sanitaire. En amont, un audit de ce système s’imposait pour rendre compte de la réalité des dispositifs et des outils existants. Méthode : Les informations ont été recueillies sur deux périodes allant respectivement de mai à septembre 2016 et d’avril à mai 2018 pour la seconde en utilisant des approches qualitative et quantitative. Dans ce cadre, ont été réalisés successivement des ateliers participatifs incluant des acteurs de santé au Gabon, une enquête menée auprès de professionnels de santé, une analyse des documents de référence relatifs à la politique de santé nationale et une analyse des forces, faiblesses, opportunités et menaces du système. Résultats : Au total, 171 professionnels de santé de santé ont participé aux différents ateliers, et 770 autres ont été interrogés parmi 150 structures de soins issues des 10 régions sanitaires du pays. Au terme de ce travail, des problèmes organisationnels et techniques ont été relevés au niveau du système d’information sanitaire du Gabon, notamment l’absence de cadre juridique définissant les rôles et responsabilités des différents acteurs du système, une faible pratique de la gestion des données, un système d’information en silo, plusieurs applications informatiques non interopérables et un taux de complétude faible, à 30 %. Parmi les 770 professionnels de santé enquêtés, 539 (70 %) étaient favorables à la mise en place d’un nouveau système d’information. Comme principaux acquis, nous avons noté l’existence d’un parc informatique et une couverture Internet acceptables, 31,5 % des structures de soins étant connectées via le câble. Conclusion : Ce travail apporte des éclaircissements sur le système d’information sanitaire existant et permet de mieux envisager la mise en œuvre du nouveau système.
Mental Health Nurses' Knowledge of Entry-to-Practice Competencies in Psychiatric Care
Authors: Marcogliese Emily DeSchiffart , Vandyk Amanda 
Published: January 2021

Background:Clinicians working in inpatient psychiatry provide health care to some of the most seriously ill and vulnerable patients with mental illness. Continuing education is a mechanism through which practicing nurses maintain and improve clinical knowledge and skills. This project aimed to assess mental health care–related knowledge and learning needs of nurses working in psychiatry.Method:This cross-sectional survey study used total population sampling.Results:Nurses were the most knowledgeable about direct patient care and felt the least knowledgeable about engaging in service to the public. Participants desired further learning about violent situations.Conclusion:Our results provide insight into the learning needs of nurses working in psychiatry and shed light on areas requiring further investigation into how to best support the competence of nurses working in psychiatry.[J Contin Educ Nurs.2019;50(7):325–330.]