bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic ability of magnification endoscope with narrow‐band imaging in screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Authors: Takinami Masaki , Kawata Noboru , Notsu Akifumi , Takizawa Kohei , Kakushima Naomi , Yoshida Masao , Yabuuchi Yohei , Kishida Yoshihiro , Ito Sayo , Imai Kenichiro , Hotta Kinichi , Ishiwatari Hirotoshi , Matsubayashi Hiroyuki , Ono Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesMagnifying endoscopy with narrow‐band imaging (M‐NBI) is useful for the optical diagnosis of gastrointestinal neoplasms. However, the utility of M‐NBI in screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic ability of the magnification endoscope (ME) in screening EGD for a population with a low prevalence of upper gastrointestinal cancers.MethodsOverall, 4887 asymptomatic examinees without a history of laryngopharyngeal and/or upper gastrointestinal neoplasms who underwent opportunistic screening EGD between April 2011 and December 2017 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The examinees were categorized into two groups depending on whether screening EGD was performed using ME (ME group) or not (non‐ME group). Using a propensity score‐matched analysis, the diagnostic ability of EGD was compared between the two groups.ResultsIn total, 1482 examinees (30%) were allocated to the ME group and 3405 (70%) to the non‐ME group. Thirty‐five epithelial neoplasms were detected in 30 examinees (0.6%). The groups were matched for baseline characteristics (1481 pairs). Both groups showed no significant difference in the epithelial neoplasm detection rate (0.8% vs. 0.3%; P = 0.14). The biopsy rate was significantly lower in the ME group than in the non‐ME group (12% vs. 15%; P = 0.003). The positive predictive value (PPV) for biopsy was significantly higher in the ME group than in the non‐ME group (6.6% vs. 2.8%; P = 0.048).ConclusionsUsing an ME for screening EGD in an apparently healthy, asymptomatic population could reduce unnecessary biopsies by improving PPV for biopsy without decreasing the epithelial neoplasm detection rate.
Oral function, nutritional status and physical status in Japanese independent older adults
Authors: Sawada Nanami , Takeuchi Noriko , Ekuni Daisuke , Morita Manabu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo clarify the associations among oral status, nutritional status and physical status in Japanese independent older adults.BackgroundIt is important to focus on factors affecting physical status associated with life dysfunction, long‐term care and mortality. However, there are very few reports of the associations among oral status, nutritional status and physical status.Materials and methodsPatients who visited the Preventive Dentistry Clinic at Okayama University Hospital from November 2017 to January 2019 participated in this cross‐sectional study. Number of teeth, periodontal condition and oral function were recorded. Bacteria counts in tongue dorsum, oral wettability, tongue pressure, tongue and lip movement function [oral diadochokinesis (ODK)], masticatory ability, bite force and swallowing function were measured. Nutritional status was assessed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Physical frailty status and Elderly Status Assessment Set were also evaluated. These variables were analysed by structural equation modelling (SEM).ResultsData from 203 patients were analysed (63 males and 140 females). Patients ranged in age from 60 to 93 years. The final model of the path diagram was completed by SEM. ODK was positively associated with nutritional status, and nutritional status was negatively associated with frailty. Age was associated with ODK, nutritional status and frailty.ConclusionBased on the associations among age, ODK, nutritional status and frailty, maintaining tongue movement function may contribute to good nutritional status and physical status in Japanese independent older adults.
The impact of a digital platform on migraine patient‐centered outcome research. Evaluation of midolordecabeza.org, a headache website in Spanish
Authors: Gallardo Victor J. , Alpuente Alicia , Cerda‐Company Xim , Torres‐Ferrus Marta , Sanchez Del Rio Margarita , Lainez José Miguel , Leira Rogelio , Trochet Jérôme , Pozo‐Rosich Patricia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis internet survey aimed to analyze the activity of midolordecabeza.org, a specialized website for headache stakeholders.BackgroundeHealth tools, such as websites, can be educational for stakeholders of a specific disease, such as patients. This is particularly helpful in chronic disorders such as migraine. eHealth also enhances patient‐centered outcome research. The website midolordecabeza.org has the stated aim of organizing key information on headache making it accessible and useful for all stakeholders, and, eventually promoting patient participation.MethodsWe analyzed Google Analytics (GA) data to study the web's activity, traffic source, geographical distribution of access, registered‐user behavior, electronic device performance, and temporary references with greater web activity.ResultsFrom January 2015 until December 2020, the website registered 1,121,585 visitors, 1,775,953 sessions, and a total of 3,833,144 views with an average time per session of nearly 2 min. Higher data traffic has been registered in Spanish‐speaking countries such as Spain (33.3%; 591,256/1,775,953), where Spain's regions with higher views were statistically significantly correlated with the nationwide migraine prevalence (ρ = 0.505; p = 0.039). In regard to social behavior, returning users were statistically significantly associated with being a woman (84.0%; 5696/6781), and they predominantly acceded from organic searches (50.6%; 3434/6781). When answering available open surveys, 72.5% (1827/2520) described their migraine as a disabling disease with high impact on their daily tasks and 64.4% (14,016/21,764) were unaware of what their headache diagnosis is.ConclusionsSpanish‐speaking patients with migraine around the world increasingly visited the headache‐specialized website midolordecabeza.org using different electronic devices, showing great interest in their disease. This website allowed them to get updated information on their disease, share clinical data with physicians, and finally express their concerns.
Potential therapeutic of olive oil industry by‐products in skin health: a review
Authors: Nunes Andreia , Marto Joana , Gonçalves Lídia , Martins Ana Margarida , Fraga Carmo , Ribeiro Helena Margarida 
Published: October 2021

SummaryOlea europaea L. is one of the most important fruit trees in the Mediterranean countries due to its products, olive oil and table olives. However, the olive oil extraction industry produces large amounts of by‐products, such as olive pomace, leaves and olive mill wastewater, which are considered harmful to the environment, having negative impacts on soil, aquatic and air ecosystems. The olive oil industry by‐products are a major ecological issue mainly due to their phenolic components, such as oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol. However, olive oil industry by‐products can be recovered, treated and studied for their health‐promoting properties, holding great potential for the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Furthermore, the recovery and treatment processes contribute to an efficient waste management and sustainability of the olive oil industry, leading to important economic benefits. The phenolic compounds extracted and obtained from these by‐products present numerous health properties and can be used as antioxidant, photoprotector, anti‐inflammatory and/or antimicrobial agents in wellness and therapeutics of the skin. This review highlights issues related to olive oil industry by‐products and then proceeds to discuss how their beneficial biological activities make them reusable, particularly their high positive impact in treating skin disorders.
Associations of periodontal disease and tooth loss with all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality in the Sister Study
Authors: Wu Zeni , O'Brien Katie M. , Lawrence Kaitlyn G. , Han Yongli , Weinberg Clarice R. , Sandler Dale P. , Vogtmann Emily 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimStudies have found that periodontal disease and tooth loss are associated with increased mortality; however, associations with cause‐specific mortality and all‐cause mortality within specific subgroups have not been thoroughly investigated.Materials and methodsWe examined the association of self‐reported periodontal disease and disease/decay‐related tooth loss with subsequent all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality in the Sister Study, a prospective cohort study of 50,884 women aged 35–74 years at baseline, whose sister was diagnosed with breast cancer. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the associations were calculated with adjustment for relevant confounders.ResultsWith a mean follow‐up of 10.9 years (range 0.1–14.3), 2058 women died. Participants with periodontal disease had a slightly higher rate of all‐cause mortality (HR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.98–1.19), while participants with tooth loss had an increased rate of all‐cause mortality (HR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.05–1.26). For cause‐specific mortality, women with tooth loss had increased rates of death from circulatory system diseases, respiratory system diseases, and endocrine/metabolic diseases. Results varied in stratified models, but no heterogeneity across strata was found.ConclusionsIn this large prospective study, periodontal disease and tooth loss were associated with all‐cause and certain specific cause‐specific mortality outcomes.
A multi‐centre randomized controlled trial comparing connective tissue graft with collagen matrix to increase soft tissue thickness at the buccal aspect of single implants: 3‐month results
Authors: Cosyn Jan , Eeckhout Célien , Christiaens Véronique , Eghbali Aryan , Vervaeke Stijn , Younes Faris , De Bruyckere Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimTo compare connective tissue graft (CTG) with collagen matrix (CMX) in terms of changes over time in buccal soft tissue profile (BSP) when applied at single implant sites.Materials and methodsPatients with a single tooth gap in the anterior maxilla and horizontal mucosa defect were enrolled in a multi‐centre randomized controlled trial. All sites had a bucco‐palatal bone dimension of at least 6 mm and received a single implant and immediate implant restoration using a full digital workflow. Sites were randomly allocated to the control (CTG) or test group (CMX: Geistlich Fibro‐Gide®, Geistlich Pharma AG, Wolhusen, Switzerland) to increase buccal soft tissue thickness. Primary outcome was increase in BSP at T1 (immediately after operation) and T2 (3 months) based on superimposed digital surface models. Secondary parameters included patient‐reported clinical and aesthetic outcomes.ResultsThirty patients were included per group (control: 50% females, mean age 50; test: 53% females, mean age 48). Even though surgeons applied thicker grafts when using CMX, sites treated with CMX demonstrated 0.78 mm (95% CI 0.41–1.14) more shrinkage between T1 and T2 than sites treated with CTG. The final increase in BSP was 1.15 mm (95% CI 0.88–1.43) for CTG and 0.85 mm (95% CI 0.58–1.13) for CMX. The mean difference of 0.30 mm (95% CI −0.01 to 0.61) at T2 in favour of CTG was of borderline significance (p = .054). There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of post‐operative bleeding (p = .344), pain (p = .331), number of analgesics taken (p = .504), oedema (p = .227), and pink aesthetic score (p = .655). VAS for post‐operative haematoma was 6.56 (95% CI 0.54–12.59) lower for CMX, and surgery time could be reduced by 9.03 min (95% CI 7.04–11.03) when applying CMX. However, CMX resulted in significantly more marginal bone loss (0.38 mm; 95% CI 0.15–0.60), deeper pockets (0.30 mm; 95% CI 0.06–0.54), and more mid‐facial recession (0.75 mm; 95% CI 0.39–1.12) than CTG.ConclusionsCTG remains the gold standard for increasing soft tissue thickness at the buccal aspect of implants.
The role of gangliosides in the organisation of the node of Ranvier examined in glycosyltransferase transgenic mice
Authors: McGonigal Rhona , Willison Hugh J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGangliosides are a family of sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids highly enriched in plasma membranes of the vertebrate nervous system. They are functionally diverse in modulating nervous system integrity, notably at the node of Ranvier, and also act as receptors for many ligands including toxins and autoantibodies. They are synthesised in a stepwise manner by groups of glycosyl‐ and sialyltransferases in a developmentally and tissue regulated manner. In this review, we summarise and discuss data derived from transgenic mice with different transferase deficiencies that have been used to determine the role of glycolipids in the organisation of the node of Ranvier. Understanding their role at this specialised functional site is crucial to determining differential pathophysiology following directed genetic or autoimmune injury to peripheral nerve nodal or paranodal domains, and revealing the downstream consequences of axo‐glial disruption.
A new subfamily of ionotropic glutamate receptors unique to the echinoderms with putative sensory role
Authors: Sania Rubaiyat E. , Cardoso João C. R. , Louro Bruno , Marquet Nathalie , Canário Adelino V. M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractChemosensation is a critical signalling process in animals and especially important in sea cucumbers, a group of ecologically and economically important marine echinoderms (class Holothuroidea), which lack audio and visual organs and rely on chemical sensing for survival, feeding and reproduction. The ionotropic receptors are a recently identified family of chemosensory receptors in insects and other protostomes, related to the ionotropic glutamate receptor family (iGluR), a large family of membrane receptors in metazoan. Here we characterize the echinoderm iGluR subunits and consider their possible role in chemical communication in sea cucumbers. Sequence similarity searches revealed that sea cucumbers have in general a higher number of iGluR subunits when compared to other echinoderms. Phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparisons revealed GluH as a specific iGluR subfamily present in all echinoderms. Homologues of the vertebrate GluA (aka α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid, AMPA), GluK (aka kainate) and GluD (aka delta) were also identified. The GluN (aka N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate, NMDA) as well as the invertebrate deuterostome subfamily GluF (aka phi) are absent in echinoderms. The echinoderm GluH subfamily shares conserved structural protein organization with vertebrate iGluRs and the ligand binding domain (LBD) is the most conserved region; genome analysis indicates evolution via lineage and species‐specific tandem gene duplications. GluH genes (named Grih) are the most highly expressed iGluRs subunit genes in tissues in the sea cucumber Holothuria arguinesis, with Griha1, Griha2 and Griha5 exclusively expressed in tentacles, making them candidates to have a chemosensory role in this species. The multiple GluH subunits may provide alternative receptor assembly combinations, thus expanding the functional possibilities and widening the range of compounds detected during aggregation and spawning in echinoderms.
Novel cases of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis by Alternaria alstromeriae, Epicoccum tritici and Phialemonium obovatum from North India
Authors: Sharma Bharti , Nonzom Skarma 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundA growing number of non‐dermatophytic moulds and yeasts with the ability to act as human pathogens are reported every year. Dematiaceous fungi cause phaeohyphomycosis which encompasses a broad spectrum of diseases ranging from superficial (cutaneous and subcutaneous) to disseminated infections. Such fungal infections are responsible for causing significant morbidity and mortality, frequently in immunocompromised patients and rarely in immunocompetent patients.ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of cutaneous mycosis in Jammu district (India) and to isolate and identify the recovered causal agents from the affected skin of the patients.MethodsFor direct microscopy, 10% KOH was used. Skin samples were collected carefully from the affected areas of suspected patients, followed by the isolation and identification of the causal agents by cultural examination, morphological examination and ITS sequencing.ResultsHerein, we report and describe three new cases of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis from District Jammu of Union Territory Jammu and Kashmir, India. The age of the patients under study ranged from 17 to 42 years and the duration of infection from 1 to 2 years. The etiological agents that were recovered from the patients under study were Alternaria alstromeriae, Epicoccum tritici and Phialemonium obovatum. These dematiaceous fungal species were isolated from the skin specimen of immunocompetent hosts.ConclusionAmong the three isolated etiological agents, two (Alternaria alstromeriae, Epicoccum tritici) represent new global records and one (Phialemonium obovatum) new record to India as causal agents of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis. Careful microscopic and mycological examination form the basis of correct diagnosis of such fungal infections in the absence of simple and reliable laboratory tests (serologic or antigen tests).
Associations between clinical and histopathological characteristics in oral leukoplakia
Authors: Evren Ilkay , Brouns Elisabeth R. , Poell Jos B. , Wils Leon J. , Brakenhoff Ruud H. , Bloemena Elisabeth , de Visscher Jan G.A.M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo identify possible associations between patients’ demographics and habits and the clinical aspects and histopathological characteristics of oral leukoplakia (OL) at patients’ first visit.MethodA total of 140 consecutive patients with OL at a single institute between 1997 and 2019. All biopsies were microscopically examined for classic dysplasia (CD) (WHO definition oral epithelial dysplasia) and differentiated dysplasia (DD) known from differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Clinical characteristics were correlated to histopathological diagnosis and odds ratios (OR) were calculated.ResultsA total of 96 females and 44 males, mean age 58 years, were presented. OLs were found mainly on the tongue (41%) and floor of mouth (FOM) (18%). Homogeneous OLs (58%) were associated with smoking, FOM and size <2cm and non‐homogeneous OLs (42%) with non‐smokers. No dysplasia was present in 40% and any dysplasia (AD) in 60%. Tongue OLs were correlated with AD (OR:6.0) and CD (OR:5.7). FOM OLs were correlated with CD (OR:4.5). DD was correlated with non‐homogeneous OLs (OR:2.6).ConclusionsCD was most frequently observed in tongue and FOM OLs, while DD was associated with non‐homogeneous OLs. In this series of patients, there was no consistent reliable association between the clinical and histopathological features and clinical characteristics can therefore not substitute microscopic examination of biopsies.
‘True’ as Polysemous
Authors: Yu Andy 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, I propose that ‘true’ is polysemous and thus ambiguous. I suggest that the semantic paradoxes both motivate taking ‘true’ to be polysemous and show that the concepttruthis indefinitely extensible. In doing so, I explain that ‘true’ is polysemous between the meanings corresponding to the subconcepts of the concepttruthgenerated by such indefinite extensibility. I conclude that the proposal provides satisfying solutions to the semantic paradoxes.
A systematic review of the rates of depression in autistic children and adolescents without intellectual disability
Authors: Stewart Tracy M. , Martin Katherine , Fazi Michela , Oldridge Jessica , Piper Allan , Rhodes Sinead M. 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesIncreasing evidence suggests that major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current study is a systematic review of rates of depression in autistic children and adolescents, without intellectual disability.DesignAdhering to PRISMA guidelines, a total of 14,557 studies were identified through five databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cinahl, ERIC, PsycINFO, and Web of Science).MethodsArticles were screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria and 10% double coded at each stage. Nineteen studies met criteria and were retained in the review.ResultThe reported rates of depression in autistic children and adolescents varied from 0% to 83.3%. We discuss these findings in relation to method of report (self/informant, interview/questionnaire), recruitment status (clinical/community recruited), and age (pre‐pubertal/adolescent).ConclusionRates of depression vary considerably across studies and do not show a particular pattern in relation to methodology, or age. Our research joins a crucial call to action from the research community for future research to improve the identification of depression in autism, which in turn will aid our understanding of the potentially different characterization and manifestation of depression in autism, to ultimately improve assessment and treatment of depression in autistic children and adolescents.Practitioner pointsRates of depression in autistic children and adolescents vary and do not show a particular pattern in relation to methodology or age.Our research joins the call to action from the research community for future research to improve the identification of depression in autistic children and adolescents, which in turn will aid understanding of depression in autism, and ultimately improve assessment and treatment of depression in autistic children and young people.The development of new measures of depression, specifically designed with, and for, children and adolescents with autism, is warranted.
Social security, full employment and voluntary action: The three pillars of William Beveridge's welfare society
Authors: Harris Bernard 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWilliam Beveridge's report onSocial insurance and allied serviceshas often been described as a ‘blueprint’ for the creation of Britain's post‐war welfare state. However, it was only one of three major reports which Beveridge produced during the 1940s. This paper looks at all three reports and places them in the context of Beveridge's other writings and developments in the history of British social policy. It explores the different ways in which Beveridge's ideas about the importance of individual liberty, the role of state intervention and the different forms of voluntary action intersected during this period.
Detection of a novel allele, HLA‐DPA1*01:58, originating from a recombination within exon 2 of the DPA1 gene
Authors: Bradshaw Robert , Dunn Paul 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTA crossover in exon 2 between DPA1*01:03:01:02 and DPA1*02:01:01:01 results in a novel hybrid allele, HLA‐DPA1*01:58.