bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Training the Polarization in Integrated La0.15Bi0.85FeO3‐Based Devices
Authors: Müller Marvin , Huang Yen‐Lin , Vélez Saül , Ramesh Ramamoorthy , Fiebig Manfred , Trassin Morgan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe functionalities of BiFeO3‐based magnetoelectric multiferroic heterostructures rely on the controlled manipulation of their ferroelectric domains and of the corresponding net in‐plane polarization, as this aspect guides the voltage‐controlled magnetic switching. Chemical substitution has emerged as a key to push the energy dissipation of the BiFeO3 into the attojoule range but appears to result in a disordered domain configuration. Using non‐invasive optical second‐harmonic generation on heavily La‐substituted BiFeO3 films, it is shown that a weak net in‐plane polarization remains imprinted in the pristine films despite the apparent domain disorder. It is found that this ingrained net in‐plane polarization can be trained with out‐of‐plane electric fields compatible with applications. Operando studies on capacitor heterostructures treated in this way show the full restoration of the domain configuration of pristine BiFeO3 along with a giant net in‐plane polarization enhancement. Thus, the experiments reveal a surprising robustness of the net in‐plane polarization of BiFeO3 against chemical modification, an important criterion in ongoing attempts to integrate magnetoelectric materials into energy‐efficient devices.
Phototriggered Aggregation‐Induced Emission and Direct Generation of 4D Soft Patterns
Authors: Xie Huilin , Li Zhao , Gong Junyi , Hu Lianrui , Alam Parvej , Ji Xiaofan , Hu Yubing , Chau Joe H. C. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMicroscopic control of macroscopic phenomena is one of the core subjects in materials science. Particularly, the spatio‐temporal control of material behaviors through a non‐contact way is of fundamental importance but is difficult to accomplish. Herein, a strategy to realize remote spatio‐temporal control of luminescence behaviors is reported. A multi‐arm salicylaldehyde benzoylhydrazone‐based aggregation‐induced emission luminogen (AIEgen)/metal‐ion system, of which the fluorescence can be gated by the UV irradiation with time dependency, is developed. By changing the metal‐ion species, the fluorescence emission and the intensity can also be tuned. The mechanism of the UV‐mediated fluorescence change is investigated, and it is revealed that a phototriggered aggregation‐induced emission (PTAIE) process contributes to the behaviors. The AIEgen is further covalently integrated into a polymeric network and the formed gel/metal‐ion system can achieve laser‐mediated mask‐free writing enabled by the PTAIE process. Moreover, by further taking advantage of the time‐dependent self‐healing property of hydrazone‐based dynamic covalent bond, transformable 4D soft patterns are generated. The findings and the strategy increase the ways to manipulate molecules on the supramolecule or aggregate level. They also show opportunities for the development of controllable smart materials and expand the scope of the materials in advanced optoelectronic applications.
Promoting Oral Mucosal Wound Healing with a Hydrogel Adhesive Based on a Phototriggered S‐Nitrosylation Coupling Reaction
Authors: Zhang Wenjie , Bao Bingkun , Jiang Fei , Zhang Yiqing , Zhou Renjie , Lu Yuezhi , Lin Sihan , Lin Qiuning , Jiang Xinquan , Zhu Linyong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe wet and highly dynamic environment of the mouth makes local treatment of oral mucosal diseases challenging. To overcome this, a photo‐crosslinking hydrogel adhesive is developed inspired by the success of light‐curing techniques in dentistry. The adhesive operates on a fast (within 5 s) phototriggered S‐nitrosylation coupling reaction and employs imine anchoring to connect to host tissues. Unlike other often‐used clinical agents that adhere weakly and for short durations, this thin, elastic, adhesive, and degradable cyclic o‐nitrobenzyl‐modified hyaluronic acid gel protects mucosal wounds from disturbance by liquid rinsing, oral movement, and friction for more than 24 h. The results from both rat and pig oral mucosa repair models demonstrate that this new gel adhesive creates a favorable microenvironment for tissue repair and can shorten tissue healing time. This study thus illustrates a therapeutic strategy with the potential to advance the treatment of oral mucosal defects in the clinic.
A Cognitive Control Approach for Networked Control Systems with Random Packet Losses
Authors: Wang Shuti , Yin Xunhe , Li Peng , Wang Xin , Wang Ge , Hu Jiankun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a novel hybrid cognitive control method inspired by human brain mechanism for networked control systems (NCSs) with random packet dropouts. The random packet losses are assumed to occur in both channels from sensor to controller and from controller to actuator. Different from most of the existing studies, the information entropy is utilized to characterize the uncertainties of the random packet dropouts. A hybrid cognitive control model is designed for NCSs subject to random packet losses. More specifically, the proposed hybrid cognitive control algorithm is constructed by using the Q‐learning and backstepping control simultaneously. That is, the Q‐learning is employed for the cognitive controller to regulate the backstepping controller and meantime act on the control object. In addition, the information gap is defined based on the information entropy, and used for depicting the uncertainties of the random packet dropouts. Simulation results are performed to validate the designed hybrid cognitive control method, demonstrating that it can eliminate the effects of packet losses and thus performs better than the traditional backstepping or proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) controllers.
Vertically Stacked Soliton‐Like Domain Walls in Nematic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Jones Reed , Melnyk Olha , Macêdo Rair , Camley Robert E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the standard liquid crystal (LC) geometry, one generally finds a quasi‐parabolic director profile in the vertical direction, where the directors are aligned with an applied field in the center of the cell. In contrast, using a numerical energy minimization approach, we find that there are multiple metastable solutions where the director profile is oscillatory. At low voltages, we find small oscillations, which evolve into standard soliton‐like domain walls as the applied voltage is increased. We predict the thickness of the domain wall with a simple analytic model that gives a good comparison to our numerical calculations, in the standard domain wall regime. For dual‐frequency nematic LCs, the occurrence of this regime can be tuned by a change of the biasing frequency. Moreover, we investigate how domain walls can affect the optical properties of LC‐based devices. For instance, we find that the transmittance curve shifts to higher voltages as domain walls are introduced. This shift can be used to create an efficient tunable filter.
Device Geometry Insights for Efficient Electrically Driven Insulator‐to‐Metal Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Thin‐Films
Authors: Kabir Sumaiya , Nirantar Shruti , Monshipouri Mahta , Low Mei Xian , Walia Sumeet , Sriram Sharath , Bhaskaran Madhu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVanadium dioxide (VO2) is a versatile phase change material that undergoes insulator‐to‐metal transition (IMT) triggered by multiple stimuli such as temperature, light, and electricity. Electrical stimuli offer greater degree of control over selected regions, with high density and addressability. However, there is limited understanding of parameters that govern electrically activated IMT, especially device structure and channel width. This work presents a metal–insulator–metal (MIM) structure to investigate three electrode arrangements: offset, no offset, and overlapping. It is experimentally determined that among the three electrode arrangements, the overlapping configuration of the device needs the least amount of voltage for switching, which is also supported by simulation results. In contrast, IMT in VO2is independent of extent of overlap between top and bottom electrodes and channel width. These findings are integral to designing and controlling the functional domains of VO2for energy‐efficient, addressable, and scalable micro/nanoscale devices and sensor applications.
A Cobalt‐ and Manganese‐Free High‐Nickel Layered Oxide Cathode for Long‐Life, Safer Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Cui Zehao , Xie Qiang , Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHigh‐nickel LiNi1−x−yMnxCoyO2 and LiNi1−x−yCoxAlyO2 cathodes are receiving growing attention due to the burgeoning demands on high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries. The presence of both cobalt and manganese in them, however, triggers multiple issues, including high cost, high toxicity, rapid surface deterioration, and severe transition‐metal dissolution. Herein, a Co‐ and Mn‐free ultrahigh‐nickel LiNi0.93Al0.05Ti0.01Mg0.01O2 (NATM) cathode that exhibits 82% capacity retention over 800 deep cycles in full cells, outperforming two representative high‐Ni cathodes LiNi0.94Co0.06O2 (NC, 52%) and LiNi0.90Mn0.05Co0.05O2 (NMC, 60%) is presented. It is demonstrated that a titanium‐enriched surface along with aluminum and magnesium as the stabilizing ions in NATM not only ameliorates unwanted side reactions with the electrolyte and structural disintegrity, but also mitigates transition‐metal dissolution and active lithium loss on the graphite anode. As a result, the graphite anode paired with NATM displays an ultrathin (≈8 nm), monolayer anode‐electrolyte interphase architecture after extensive cycling. Furthermore, NATM displays considerably enhanced thermal stability with an elevated exothermic temperature (213 °C for NATM vs 180 and 190 °C for NC and NMC, respectively) and remarkably reduced heat release. This work sheds light on rational compositional design to adopt ultrahigh‐Ni cathodes in lithium‐based batteries with low cost, long service life, and improved thermal stability.
Synthesis of Bicyclo[2.2.2]octanes with a Quaternary Bridgehead Carbon by Diphenylprolinol Silyl Ether‐mediated Domino Reaction
Authors: Umekubo Nariyoshi , Taniguchi Tohru , Monde Kenji , Hayashi Yujiro 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives possessing a quaternary bridgehead carbon were synthesized with excellent diastereoselectivity in nearly optically pure form by diphenylprolinol silyl ether mediated domino Michael/Michael reaction of α,β‐unsaturated aldehyde and cyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐one bearing an electron‐withdrawing group at the 3‐position. Carbonitrile, alkoxycarbonyl, and sulfonyl substituents were successfully employed as a suitable electron‐withdrawing group at the 3‐position of cyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐one.
Survey anatomy and histological observation of the nasal cavity of Tupaia belangeri chinensis (Tupaiidae, Scandentia, Mammalia)
Authors: Feng Yiwei , Xia Wei , Zhao Pengcheng , Yi Xiang , Tang Anzhou 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to provide researchers with an atlas of the survey anatomy, histology, and imaging of the nasal cavity of Tupaia belangeri chinensis. Seven T. b. chinensis adult males were euthanized and scanned using micro‐computed tomography (CT). The nose was separated, and tissue sections were made on the coronal and axial planes to observe the survey anatomy and histological and imaging characteristics of the nose. T. b. chinensis contains one maxilloturbinal and three ethmoturbinals, one nasoturbinal, one interturbinal, two frontoturbinals, and one lamina semicircularis in the unilateral nasal cavity. Other identified structures were the ostiomeatal complex, vomeronasal organ, superior nasal vault, maxillary sinus, and frontal recess. The drainage pathways of the sinuses and nasal airflow in T. b. chinensis were confirmed. The vault epithelium consisted of the squamous epithelium, respiratory epithelium, transitional epithelium, and olfactory epithelium. Micro‐CT confirmed our findings of the coronal tissue sections. The nasal cavity anatomy of T. b. chinensis is similar to that of some strepsirrhine primates. However, the airflow and olfactory function are quite different from that of humans. Our gross and histological atlas of the nasal septum, turbinals, maxillary sinus, and frontal recess provides a reference for researchers to use T. b. chinensis for nasal cavity functional research.
Supramolecular Strategies for the Recycling of Homogeneous Catalysts
Authors: Zhang Bo , Reek Joost N. H. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSupramolecular approaches are increasingly used in the development of homogeneous catalysts and they also provide interesting new tools for the recycling of metal‐based catalysts. Various non‐covalent interactions have been utilized for the immobilization homogeneous catalysts on soluble and insoluble support. By non‐covalent anchoring the supported catalysts obtained can be recovered via (nano‐) filtration or such catalytic materials can be used in continuous flow reactors. Specific benefits from the reversibility of catalyst immobilization by non‐covalent interactions include the possibility to re‐functionalize the support material and the use as “boomerang” type catalyst systems in which the catalyst is captured after a homogeneous reaction. In addition, new reactor design with implemented recycling strategies becomes possible, such as a reverse‐flow adsorption reactor (RFA) that combines a homogeneous reactor with selective catalyst adsorption/desorpion. Next to these non‐covalent immobilization strategies, supramolecular chemistry can also be used to generate the support, for example by generation of self‐assembled gels with catalytic function. Although the stability is a challenging issue, some self‐assembled gel materials have been successfully utilized as reusable heterogeneous catalysts. In addition, catalytically active coordination cages, which are frequently used to achieve specific activity or selectivity, can be bound to support by ionic interactions or can be prepared in structured solid materials. These new heterogenized cage materials also have been used successfully as recyclable catalysts.
Comparative pharmacokinetics, intestinal absorption and urinary excretion of six alkaloids from herb pair Phellodendri Chinensis cortex–Atractylodis Rhizoma
Authors: Liu Chang‐Shun , Hu Yan‐Nan , Luo Zhen‐Ye , Xia Ting , Chen Fei‐Long , Tang Qing‐Fa , Tan Xiao‐Mei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPhellodendri Chinensis Cortex (PCC) and Atractylodis Rhizoma (AR) are frequently used as herb pair to treat eczema and gout owing to their synergistic effects. Alkaloids are the major ingredients from PCC and the effect of their combination on the in vivo processing of alkaloids remains unclear. In this study, a simple and reliable UPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of six alkaloids in rat plasma was developed. This method was applied to a comparative pharmacokinetic study between PCC and PCC–AR in rats. Effect of AR on absorption of alkaloids was investigated by a single‐pass intestinal perfusion study. The effect of AR on urinary excretion of alkaloids was studied. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that the values of rea under the concentration–time curve of phellodendrine, magnoflorine and palmatine were greater in the PCC–AR group than in the PCC group. The intestinal absorptive parameters absorption rate constant and effective permeability of phellodendrine and jatrorrhizine in PCC–AR groups were higher than those in the PCC group. Urinary excretion studies revealed that the excreted amount of alkaloids in the PCC–AR group was lower than that in the PCC group. The results revealed that the combination of PCC and AR improves intestinal absorption of alkaloids and reduces their urinary excretion, which enhances their systemic exposure. This study may explain the synergetic effects of PCC and AR in clinical applications.
Treatment of phalangeal osteomyelitis caused by a cat bite
Authors: Kim Ji WooK , Kim Joo Yong , Kim Uk Gwan , Kang Dong Hee , Kim Doo Sik , Kim Ju Deok 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the case of a cat bite patient, even if the external wound is small, prophylactic antibiotics should be used early and a closed observation is needed. If symptoms persist, deep infection should be considered.
Optimized data gathering in a heterogeneous Internet of Things network
Authors: Hamidouche Ranida , Aliouat Zibouda , Abba Ari Ado Adamou , Gueroui Abdelhak Mourad 
Published: October 2021

SummaryRecent research introduces data gathering using mobile data collectors to conserve energy and elevate the hotspot problem. However, many of them suffer from buffer overflow due to the limited memory capacity of objects, even more, when dealing with heterogeneous Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Emerging bio‐inspiration technologies provide a novel direction for data collection and make it more intelligent and available. In this paper, we present an intelligent data gathering schema by taking into consideration buffer overflow called Center Gravity Mobile data collector based on Salp Swarm Algorithm (CGMSSA). To conduct data collection to improve the network performance, we adopt a hybridized distributed bio‐inspired technique to elect chefs and salp swarm intelligence to control data collector movement. First, we select chefs using grey wolf optimization. Then, several groups are formed. Then, a mobile data collector is adopted to access chefs, following the buffer overflow value and gather information. Considerable experiments are conducted to demonstrate that our solution can efficiently enhance the lifetime of the network and increase data throughput.
16 Years of breed management brings substantial improvement in population genetics of the endangered Cleveland Bay Horse
Authors: Dell Andrew , Curry Mark , Hunter Elena , Dalton Ruth , Yarnell Kelly , Starbuck Gareth , Wilson Philippe B. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe consequences of poor breed management and inbreeding can range from gradual declines in individual productivity to more serious fertility and mortality concerns. However, many small and closed groups, as well as larger unmanaged populations, are plagued by genetic regression, often due to a dearth in breeding support tools which are accessible and easy to use in supporting decision‐making. To address this, we have developed a population management tool (BCAS, Breed Conservation and Management System) based on individual relatedness assessed using pedigree‐based kinship, which offers breeding recommendations for such populations. Moreover, we demonstrate the success of this tool in 16 years of employment in a closed equine population native to the UK, most notably, the rate of inbreeding reducing from more than 3% per generation, to less than 0.5%, or that attributed to genetic drift, as assessed over the last 16 years of implementation. Furthermore, with adherence to this program, the long‐term impact of poor management has been reversed and the genetic resource within the breed has grown from an effective population size of 20 in 1994 to more than 140 in 2020. The development and availability of our BCAS for breed management and selection establish a new paradigm for the successful maintenance of genetic resources in animal populations.
Experimental comparison between R134a/R744 and R438A/R744 (drop‐in) cascade refrigeration systems based on energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions
Authors: Queiroz Marcus Vinícius Almeida , Blanco Ojeda Frank William Adolfo , Amjad Muhammad , Riaz Fahid , Salman Chaudhary Awais , Parise José Alberto Reis , Bandarra Filho Enio Pedone 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis experimental study evaluates the energy performance and climatic changes of a cascade cooling system operating with the R134a/R744 pairs (cooling capacity of 4.5‐6 kW) and R438A/R744. In both cases, the low‐temperature refrigerant, R744, operated under subcritical conditions. The experimental apparatus basically consists of two vapor‐compression cycles coupled by a plate cascade condenser. Two operational variables, from R744 cycle, were controlled: the degree‐of‐superheat and the compressor frequency. The experiment was initially assembled to pair R134a/R744. Subsequently, the R134a refrigerant charge in the high‐temperature cycle was replaced by R438A, on a drop‐in basis. The two systems, R134a/R744 and R438A/R744, were compared for similar cooling capacities and cold chamber air temperatures. Results showed that the energy consumption of the high‐temperature compressor, operating with R438A, was higher than R134a for all tests. As a result, the COP values for R438A/R744 were 30% lower than those for R134a/R744. The greenhouse gases emissions of the two systems were evaluated using the total equivalent warming impact factor, TEWI, whose value for the R438A/R744 pair was approximately 29.5% higher, compared with R134a/R744. Since R438A was originally designed to substitute R22, a few comparative tests were carried out with the latter, always with R744 as the low‐temperature cycle working fluid.
Superfruits in China: Bioactive phytochemicals and their potential health benefits – A Review
Authors: Liu Jinfang , Xu Duoxia , Chen Shuai , Yuan Fang , Mao Like , Gao Yanxiang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe term “superfruit” usually refers to certain fruits, which are rich in antioxidant components, therefore, are beneficial to human health. In China, there has been the concept of health preservation and dietary therapy through food intake in a long history. However, some other superfruits growing mainly in China have not attracted extensive attention, such as Cili, Goji berry, and sea buckthorn. Many studies suggested all of these superfruits showed strong antioxidant effects and anti‐inflammatory activity in common. However, there are various other advantages and functions in different fruits. This article reviewed the research findings from the existing literature published about major antioxidant bioactive compounds and the potential health benefits of these fruits. The phytochemicals from superfruits are bioaccessible and bioavailable in humans with promising health benefits. More studies are needed to validate the health benefits of these superfruits. It would provide essential information for further research and functional food development.
Environmental performance and international trade in China: The role of renewable energy and eco-innovation
Authors: Liu Jili , Nathaniel Solomon P. , Chupradit Supat , Hussain Arsalan , Köksal Cihat , Aziz Noshaba 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Renewable energy and green innovation can enhance environmental performance by encouraging international trade, as anticipated by the current theoretical framework. This study investigates how renewable energy and eco-innovation affect international trade and environmental performance using quarterly data series from 1981 to 2018 for China. The study applies a quantile-based autoregressive distributed lag model. The results indicate that environmental innovation and renewable energy are consistent with environmental quality, while trade openness and urbanization contribute to environmental degradation by stimulating CO2 emissions. In addition, the quantile causality test showed a bidirectional causality between renewable energy and CO2 emissions, trade openness and CO2 emissions, and urbanization and CO2 emissions. Additionally, the findings lend theoretical support for the formulation of environmentally protective policies to better understand the role of renewable energy in stimulating international trade, which eventually enhances environmental performance. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:813–823. © 2021 SETAC
KEY POINTS
The study applies the Quantile based Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model. The results indicate that eco-innovation and renewable energy are consistent with environmental quality. Trade openness and urbanization contribute to environmental degradation.