bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining measurement equivalency within the Latin American module of the International Civic Competence Study 2009
Authors: Webster Nicole S. , Bowe Anica G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) studies are intercontinental studies on the civic education of youth from Asia, Europe, and Latin America. Before we engage in comparative studies on youth from different world regions, we must first establish the equivalency of the scales and items within the databases. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of differential functioning on the Attitudes Towards Neighborhood Diversity 10‐item scale in the Latin American module within the ICCS 2009 database for youth from Colombia, Guatemala, and Chile. We first examined the unidimensionality of the scale within each country by assessing configural invariance. Of countries that demonstrated at least adequate fit for configural invariance, we proceeded to examine differential functioning at the item and scale levels. Findings demonstrated that configural invariance held for Chile and Guatemala only. While differential functioning was present on nine of the 10 items between Chile and Guatemala, in all cases the amounts were negligible. There was no differential functioning on the overall scale. Whilst equivalency holds for certain countries on certain scales, in other cases it did not. Thus scholars may consider scale refinement methods before making comparative analyses.
Silencing of a LIM gene in cotton exhibits enhanced resistance against Apolygus lucorum
Authors: Liang Sijia , Luo Jing , Alariqi Muna , Xu Zhongping , Wang Aoli , Zafar Muhammad Naeem , Ren Jun , Wang Fuqiu , Liu Xuefei , Xin Yanfeng , Xu Haonan , Guo Weifeng , Wang Yanqin , Ma Weihua , Chen Lizhen , Lindsey Keith , Zhang Xianlong , Jin Shuangxia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPlant bugs (Miridae species) have become major agricultural pests that cause increasing and severe economic damage. Plant‐mediated RNA interference (RNAi) is emerging as an eco‐friendly, efficient, and reliable strategy for pest management. In this study, we isolated and characterized a lethal gene of Apolygus lucorum and named it Apolygus lucorum LIM (AlLIM), which produced A. lucorum mortality rates ranging from 38% to 81%. Downregulation of the AlLIM gene expression in A. lucorum by injection of a double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) led to muscle structural disorganization that resulted in metamorphosis deficiency and increased mortality. Then we constructed a plant expression vector that enabled transgenic cotton to highly and stably express dsRNA of AlLIM (dsAlLIM) by Agrobacterium‐mediated genetic transformation. In the field bioassay, dsAlLIM transgenic cotton was protected from A. lucorum damage with high efficiency, with almost no detectable yield loss. Therefore, our study successfully provides a promising genetically modified strategy to overpower A. lucorum attack.
The role of HDAC11 in obesity‐related metabolic disorders: A critical review
Authors: Yang Hong , Chen Lingling , Sun Qian , Yao Fangyao , Muhammad Saeed , Sun Chao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAt present, metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes, have become the world's top health threats. These diseases are closely related to the abnormal development and function of adipocytes and metabolic inflammation associated with obesity. Histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11), with a relatively unique structure and function in the HDAC family, plays a vital role in regulating cell growth, migration, and cell death. Currently, research on new key regulatory functions of HDAC11 in metabolic homeostasis is receiving more and more attention, and HDAC11 has also become a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of obesity and obesity‐related diseases. Here, we summarized the latest literature on the role of HDAC11 in regulating the progress of obesity‐related metabolic disorders.
Quinoline‐Proline, Triazole Hybrids: Design, Synthesis, Antituberculosis, Molecular Docking, and ADMET Studies
Authors: Ganesan Moorthiamma Sarathy , Raja Kamatchi Kanmani , Murugesan Sankaranarayanan , Karankumar Banoth , Faheem Faheem , Thirunavukkarasu Sappanimuthu , Shetye Gauri , Ma Rui , Franzblau Scott G. , Wan Baojie , Rajagopal Gurusamy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA series of novel quinoline‐proline hybrids (11a‐g) and quinoline‐proline‐1,2,3‐triazole hybrids (12‐14) were synthesized by click chemistry based on molecular hybridization concept and were characterized by NMR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. All the titled target compounds were tested for antitubercular activity by MABA and LORA methods by in vitro. Interestingly, two compounds (2R,4S)‐1‐((2‐cyclopropyl‐4‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐quinolin‐3‐yl)‐methyl)‐4‐(4‐nitrobenzamido)‐N‐phenylpyrrolidine‐2‐carboxamide (11b) and (2R,4S)‐1‐((2‐cyclopropyl‐4‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐quinolin‐3‐yl)‐methyl)‐4‐(4‐fluorobenzamido)‐N‐phenylpyrrolidine‐2‐carboxamide (11c) exhibited significant activity against the testedMycobacterium tuberculosisH37Rv strain. Further, the cytotoxicity (CC50) profile of the titled compounds against the Vero cell was performed and discussed. A molecular docking study of the hit compounds (11band11c) was also performed to find their putative binding interaction with the active site of the target proteins. Finally, in silico ADMET properties were also predicted for all the synthesized molecules to evaluate their drug‐likeness behavior.
Effects of hyaluronic acid and deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen for ridge preservation in compromised extraction sockets
Authors: Lee Jun‐Beom , Chu Seoyoon , Ben Amara Heithem , Song Hyun‐Young , Son Min‐Jung , Lee Jungwon , Kim Hae‐Young , Koo Ki‐Tae , Rhyu In‐Chul 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen (DBBM‐C) soaked with hyaluronic acid (HA) for ridge preservation in compromised extraction sockets.MethodsBilateral third, fourth premolars and first molar were hemisected, distal roots were extracted, and then combined endodontic periodontal lesion was induced in the remaining mesial roots. After 4 months, the mesial roots were extracted and the following four treatments were randomly performed: Absorbable collagen sponge (ACS), ACS soaked with HA (ACS+HA), ridge preservation with DBBM‐C covered with a collagen membrane (RP), ridge preservation with DBBM‐C mixed with HA and covered with a collagen membrane (RP+HA). Animals were sacrificed at 1 and 3 months following treatment. Ridge dimensional changes and bone formation were examined using microcomputed tomography, histology, and histomorphometry.ResultsAt 1 month, ridge width was significantly higher in the RP and RP+HA groups than in the ACS and ACS+HA groups, while the highest proportion of mineralized bone was observed in ACS+HA group. At 3 months, ridge width remained significantly higher in the RP and RP+HA groups than in the ACS and ACS+HA groups. ACS+HA and RP+HA treatments featured the highest proportion of mineralized bone and bone volume density compared with the other groups. No statistical difference was observed between ACS+HA and RP+HA treatments.ConclusionsRidge preservation with the mixture DBBM‐C/HA prevented dimensional shrinkage and improved bone formation in compromised extraction sockets at 1 and 3 months.
Statistical approaches in the analysis of in situ thermo‐Raman spectroscopic data for gypsum as a basis for studying dehydration and phase transformations in crystalline hydrates
Authors: Pankrushina Elizaveta A. , Votyakov Sergey L. , Shchapova Yuliya V. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe study of a gypsum single crystal was carried out using in situ thermo‐Raman spectroscopy in the temperature range of 80–870 K. The conventional peak fitting approach was used to qualitatively determine the temperature ranges of gypsum dehydration and phase transitions. The dependence of the intermediate products of gypsum dehydration on the measurement conditions and the state of sample was confirmed. A detailed analysis of the temperature behavior of ν1(SO4) in a single crystal indicated the coexistence of CaSO4·2H2O + γCaSO4 (380–440 K) and γ‐CaSO4 + β‐CaSO4 (680–740 K) phases, which was explained by the reaction front movement in a solid. For the first time, an approach based on statistical algorithms was applied for processing datasets of experimental temperature‐dependent spectra of crystalline hydrates, including the calculation of the Pearson's r coefficient, skewness, ∆corr parameter, based on the autocorrelation function. The use of statistical methods for individual spectral regions made it possible to reveal the temperature differences in the pretransition regions for individual modes or their groups. In particular, the region of ν2(SO4) symmetric bending vibrations of sulfate ions was found sensitive to dehydration and accompanying phase transition at 410 K, beginning at lower temperatures (380 K) as compared with other regions, which is associated with the lack of the hydrogen bond influence on sulfate ions after the loss of water. Thus, statistical approaches are a source of additional information to clarify the quantitative indicators of the observed effects. The use of statistics is promising in the study of multistage processes of dehydration and phase transformations in crystalline hydrates in cases where peak fitting is inconvenient.
The value of endoscopic sinus surgery in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Yim Michael T. , Smith Kristine A. , Alt Jeremiah A. , Orlandi Richard R. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a disease with significant impacts at both a societal and personal level. There has been an increase in emphasis on patient‐centered care and patient outcomes, with value becoming a commonplace concept in health care systems. This review seeks to better define the value that endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) provides in the treatment of CRS.Data SourcesPubMed literature review.Review MethodsA review of published literature related to ESS and its effects on CRS patients from multiple perspectives (quality outcomes, patient satisfaction, cost‐effectiveness) was integrated and analyzed through the viewpoint of a value equation.ResultsESS provides long‐term quality outcomes in both patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) as well as in objective metrics for patients refractory to medical therapy. The vast majority undergoing ESS are satisfied both in the short and long‐term with their decision to pursue surgery. Treatment of CRS with ESS is generally more cost‐effective than continued medical therapy (CMT), especially in refractory patients. Taken together, the combination of improved outcomes as well as patient satisfaction after ESS in relation to the costs of surgery provides significant quantifiable value to CRS patients.ConclusionESS clearly provides value in the treatment of CRS. Understanding both quality and outcome metrics along with patient expectations and priorities will assist providers in generating a more personalized and value‐based approach to patients with CRS.Level of Evidence5.
“I will defend your right to free speech, provided I agree with you”: How social media users react (or not) to online out‐group aggression
Authors: Antonetti Paolo , Crisafulli Benedetta 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSocial networking sites (SNS) routinely ban aggressive users. Such bans are sometimes perceived as a limitation to the right to free speech. While research has examined SNS users' perceptions of online aggression, little is known about how observers make trade‐offs between free speech and the desire to punish aggression. By focusing on reactions to an SNS ban, this study explores under what circumstances users consider the protection of the right to free speech as more important than the suppression of aggression. We propose a model of moderated mediation that explains under what circumstances online aggression increases the acceptance of a ban. When posts display aggression, the ban is less likely to be perceived as violating free speech and as unfair. Consequently, aggression reduces the likelihood that users will protest through negative word of mouth. Moreover, users protest against an SNS ban only when this affects an in‐group user (rather than an out‐group user). This in‐group bias, however, diminishes when an in‐group aggressor targets a high warmth out‐group user. The study raises managerial implications for the effective management of aggressive interactions on SNS and for the persuasive communication of a decision to ban a user engaging in aggressive behavior.
Emerging insights on the role of V‐ATPase in human diseases: Therapeutic challenges and opportunities
Authors: Santos‐Pereira Cátia , Rodrigues Lígia R. , Côrte‐Real Manuela 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe control of the intracellular pH is vital for the survival of all organisms. Membrane transporters, both at the plasma and intracellular membranes, are key players in maintaining a finely tuned pH balance between intra‐ and extracellular spaces, and therefore in cellular homeostasis. V‐ATPase is a housekeeping ATP‐driven proton pump highly conserved among prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This proton pump, which exhibits a complex multisubunit structure based on cell type‐specific isoforms, is essential for pH regulation and for a multitude of ubiquitous and specialized functions. Thus, it is not surprising that V‐ATPase aberrant overexpression, mislocalization, and mutations in V‐ATPase subunit‐encoding genes have been associated with several human diseases. However, the ubiquitous expression of this transporter and the high toxicity driven by its off‐target inhibition, renders V‐ATPase‐directed therapies very challenging and increases the need for selective strategies. Here we review emerging evidence linking V‐ATPase and both inherited and acquired human diseases, explore the therapeutic challenges and opportunities envisaged from recent data, and advance future research avenues. We highlight the importance of V‐ATPases with unique subunit isoform molecular signatures and disease‐associated isoforms to design selective V‐ATPase‐directed therapies. We also discuss the rational design of drug development pipelines and cutting‐edge methodological approaches toward V‐ATPase‐centered drug discovery. Diseases like cancer, osteoporosis, and even fungal infections can benefit from V‐ATPase‐directed therapies.
Total groin defect reconstruction by lymphatic flow‐through (LyFT) pedicled deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap resorting to its superficial veins for lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA): A case report
Authors: Scaglioni Mario F. , Meroni Matteo , Fritsche Elmar , Fuchs Bruno 
Published: January 2021

AbstractExtensive surgical removal is often required to treat soft tissue sarcomas. When they are localized in the groin‐upper medial thigh region, the excision is particularly demanding because of the rich lymphatic network and lymph nodes present in that area. The lymphatic vessels with respective lymph nodes draining the whole leg are most of the time inevitably damaged, causing a series of debilitating sequelae such as lymphocele and lymphedema. To prevent these issues, together with the defect coverage, additional lymphovenous anastomoses (LVA) showed encouraging results. Here we present a case of resected groin sarcoma reconstructed by means of pedicled lower deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap combined with multiple LVAs. In particular, the superficial veins of the DIEP flap have been employed as the donor veins for LVAs. A 76‐year‐old patient presented a leiomyosarcoma in the right trigonum femorale which was surgically excised leaving a defect of about 12 cm × 7 cm with exposed femoral vessels and nerves. The remaining defect was then filled with a pedicled DIEP flap, and three leaking lymphatic vessels in the thigh were anastomosed with three branches of a superficial vein originating from the DIEP flap. The postoperative course was uneventful and at 12 months follow‐up no signs of either seroma or lymphocele. This result suggests that the concept of lymphatic flow‐through (LyFT) DIEP flap might be a modern and particularly useful solution for those cases that require both dead space obliteration and lymphatic drainage restoration.
Anti‐Inflammatory Effects of Quercetin on High‐Glucose and Pro‐Inflammatory Cytokine Challenged Vascular Endothelial Cell Metabolism
Authors: Ozyel Besim , Le Gall Gwénaëlle , Needs Paul W. , Kroon Paul A. 
Published: January 2021

ScopePro‐inflammatory stimuli such as hyperglycemia and cytokines have been shown to negatively affect endothelial cell functions. The aim of this study is to assess the potential of quercetin and its human metabolites to overcome the deleterious effects of hyperglycemic or inflammatory conditions on the vascular endothelium by modulating endothelial cell metabolism.Methods and resultsA metabolomics approach enabled identification and quantification of 27 human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) metabolites. Treatment of HUVECs with high‐glucose concentrations causes significant increases in lactate and glutamate concentrations. Quercetin inhibits glucose‐induced increases in lactate and adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP) and also increased inosine concentrations. Tumor necrosis factor α‐treatment (TNFα) of HUVECs causes increases in asparagine and decreases in aspartate concentrations. Co‐treatment with quercetin reduces pyruvate concentrations compared to TNFα‐only treated controls. Subsequently, it was shown that quercetin and its HUVEC phase‐2 conjugates inhibit adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase and 5′nucleotidase (CD73) but not ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase‐1 (CD39) or purine nucleoside phosphorylase activities.ConclusionQuercetin was shown to alter the balance of HUVEC metabolites towards a less inflamed phenotype, both alone and in the presence of pro‐inflammatory stimuli. These changes are consistent with the inhibition of particular enzymes involved in purine metabolism by quercetin and its HUVEC metabolites.
Assessment of Largemouth Bass Growth in Northern Idaho Lakes: Spatiotemporal Patterns and Extrinsic Associations
Authors: Watkins Carson J. , Dux Andrew M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We examined patterns in the somatic growth of populations of Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides in northern Idaho lakes and modeled its variation to understand how spatiotemporal differences in climate regulate growth in lentic systems. Age was estimated from 768 Largemouth Bass from six distinct populations. Largemouth Bass growth and longevity in northern Idaho was typical to populations at similar latitudes; however, growth was substantially slower than average compared with other populations throughout North America. Mean relative growth estimates of Largemouth Bass for ages 1–8 never exceeded the 25th percentile of the North American average, and relative growth was either stable or slightly increasing as a function of age for most study populations. Annual incremental growth was more variable across years than among populations. Growth tended to be positively related to precipitation during the growing season or mean minimum annual temperature, but the importance of either covariate was dependent on lake surface area. Approximately 50% of the variation in growth of Largemouth Bass was explained by precipitation during the growing season in lakes with a surface area ≤70 ha. In the largest study lakes (i.e., ≥600 ha), over 50% of the variability in incremental growth was attributable to mean minimum annual temperature. Similarity in lake surface area resulted in the most interannual growth synchrony, whereas less synchrony was observed as a function of proximity. We hypothesize that annual climate patterns are not spatially variable enough in northern Idaho to elucidate measurable effects on growth but that local geography may be more important for regulating how climate interacts with Largemouth Bass growth on a regional basis. We interpret our results to mean that the ecology and conservation of Largemouth Bass may benefit from a more complete understanding of the climate–growth relationships on a region-by-region basis, with particular consideration for ecosystem characteristics.
Finite difference technique to solve a problem of generalized thermoelasticity on an annular cylinder under the effect of rotation
Authors: Abd‐Alla Abdelmooty M. , Abo‐Dahab Sayed M. , Kilany Araby A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article estimates the action of rotation on a generalized thermoelasticity model which contains one thermal relaxation time for an infinitely long, annular, isotropic cylinder with temperature‐dependent physical properties. This is numerically solved using the finite difference technique under the effect of rotation, and the effect of decaying heat flux on the obtained components is graphically presented. Numerical results are presented to show the influence of the various parameters. A comparison between the current results and previous results obtained by others neglecting the new parameters is provided.
On some generalized integral inequalities for functions whose second derivatives in absolute values are convex
Authors: Set Erhan , Ekinci Alper 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this article, general integral inequalities are obtained for functions whose absolute value of the second derivative is convex. These inequalities are more general versions of some results in the literature and we recaptured these results with the selection of special parameters. In the study, graphs are also used to compare the inequalities that occur with the change of the µ parameter.
Active learning for fellows: The hematopathology “unknown case”
Authors: Aziz‐Bose Rahela , Wertheim Gerald , Kersun Leslie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe pediatric hematology/oncology fellowship program at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia set out to create a case‐based learning curriculum for common hematologic malignancies that would apply principles of adult learning theory and improve fellows’ retention of information in a supportive, goal‐oriented learning environment. A framework we employed in developing this curriculum is that of “flow theory,” which parallels many of the tenets of adult learning theory. After implementing this curriculum, which we call “the unknown case,” the percentage of fellows correctly identifying a common hematopathologic diagnosis improved from 50% to 85%.