bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro protein digestibility of enzymatically pre-treated cocoa bean powder using commercial protease
Authors: Haliza W , Purwani E Y , Fardiaz D , Suhartono M T 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The quality and selling value of cocoa beans could be greatly improved through proper drying of fermented cocoa. Cocoa products are one of the foods that are in great demand by the community, and the fruit could be a source of vegetable protein production. However, the nutritional value of a food is determined by both its total protein content, and the availability of digestible protein. Therefore, the digestibility of this class of food needs to be evaluated. This study was conducted using cocoa beans from the regions of Bali, Jember, Yogyakarta, and Sukabumi, with 2 types of cocoa powder samples namely fat-free, and fat-polyphenols. Furthermore, it used a completely randomized factorial design, consisting of two factors. The first factor was pepsin concentration, comprising of 1000 and 2000 U/ml, while the second was pancreatic activity, consisting of 3 and 8USP. The protein content of the cocoa was tested and the digestibility was determined. The results show that fat-polyphenol-free cocoa powder with 1000 U/mL pepsin and 3USP pancreatic and Jember had the highest protein digestibility with a value of about ± 95%. Furthermore, the results of protein digestibility showed that variations in the concentration of pepsin and pancreatic enzymes had a significant effect on the protein. Therefore, this research shows that interactions between compounds present in foods, like protein-phenolic, could have a significant effect on protein digestibility.
Gluten-Free Cake Formulation Using Mocaf and Several Types of Flour from Local Food Ingredients
Authors: Widanti Y A , Nur’aini V , Wulandari Y W , Sari E E K 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Modified Cassava Flour (Mocaf) was expected to replace that of wheat, until presently, its (Mocaf) application to cake products is still very limited. Local foodstuffs such as arrowroot, breadfruit, and pumpkin are being used as substitutes for Mocaf-based products, to increase nutritional value, functional properties, and improve sensory characteristics. The aim of this study was to make the right formulation of sponge cake products with Mocaf and other substitutes, such as arrowroot, breadfruit, and pumpkin flour. Also, the research design used was a complete factorial randomized type with two factors, namely the ratio of Mocaf to substitute flour (60:40, 50:50, and 40:60), and the types of powdered alternative consisting of arrowroot, breadfruit, and pumpkin flour. Furthermore, the results showed that the most preferable sponge cake panelists were those with the use of 40% Mocaf and 60% arrowroot flour. The nutritional composition of the product was 22.48% water, 0.93% ash, 7.25% protein, 13.83% fat, and 55.51% carbohydrate contents by difference. Therefore, the product had the sensory properties of a pale-yellow color, little Mocaf taste, very soft and smooth texture, a small aftertaste, and off-flavor.
Effect of red snapper fish intake on pyramidal cells in hypothyroidic rat brain model
Authors: Herawati E , Husna S A N , Widiyani T , Budiharjo A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Congenital hypothyroidism in infants results from partial or complete loss of thyroid glands, resulting in thyroid hormone deficiency. The untreated low thyroid hormone levels induce impairment in the maturation of the developing brain by regulating neurogenesis. Proper treatment in the specific onset timing and duration have shown to increase the chances of brain recovery. In this study, we examined the effect of daily intake of red snapper fish to improve the profile of brain cerebrum on hypothyroidic rat model, particularly on the number and distribution of pyramidal cells. Hypothyroid pups were produced by propylthiouracil induced female rats during pregnancy from E14 until P21. The rats were randomly divided into four groups, which include negative (congenital hypothyroidism) and positive control (thyroxine therapy) as well as red snapper-enriched diet at dosage 25% and 50%. After four weeks treatments, the rats were dissected and brain sections were made using paraffin embedding and hematoxylin-eosin staining to observe pyramidal cell numbers and distribution in cell layer III of the cerebral cortex. The result showed that the consumption of 50% red snapper diet increased the number of pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex, parallel to the elevated thyroid hormone levels which was nearly equal to control.
The Effect of Starch Proportion in Coating Materials and Storage Temperatures on The Physical Qualities of Curly Green Chili (Capsicum annuum L)
Authors: A’yun A Q , Bintoro N 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Curly green chili (Capsicum annuum L) is known as one of the very perishable vegetables. Also, some preservation methods were available to be applied, in order to preserve the agricultural products, with the two mostly used techniques being coating and low temperature treatments. This research aims to determine the effect of coating materials and storage temperatures on the physical qualities of curly green chili. In this research, the coating materials with starch proportions of 2%, 4%, 6% and control (without coating), combined with storage temperatures of 5°C and 28°C, were studied, with a factorial design of 4 × 2, and three replications. Furthermore, the total dissolved solid content, firmness, and weight losses, were monitored daily for seven days of storage duration. It was discovered that storage time, temperature, and their interactions significantly affected weight loss. Also, storage time, temperature, and concentration of starch in coating material significantly affected firmness and soluble solid content. However, there was also significant interaction between storage time and temperature, on firmness and soluble solid content. Also, interaction between storage temperature and coating material only affected soluble solid content. Therefore, coating materials with higher starch concentration, produced greater firmness and lower soluble solid content.
Levels of farmers’ preferences of papaya trait/varieties/characteristics
Authors: Sulistyaningrum A , Prabawati S , Hayati N Q , Sayekti A L , Setiani R , Yufdy P , Waryat  
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Increased awareness on the overall health benefits of fresh fruits and vegetables significantly contributes to Indonesia’s rising consumption. These plants are highly expended, and are particularly cultivated in tropical climate regions. Papaya is described as an important fruit, and is sufficiently nutritional, readily available anytime of the year, and also very affordable. In addition, the country enjoys a wider variety, including Merah Delima, although, lesser information is obtainable about farmers’ preferences, in terms of varietal characteristics, compared to consumers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preferences for Merah Delima species and the resulting characteristics required to potentially match the farmers’ demands, using 2019 survey data from East Java, Central Java, Riau, and West Sumatra provinces. Subsequently, 35 small scale papaya farmers were interviewed to obtain necessary information related to the performance and attributes of the selected variety. The results showed major preferences for samples with red meat coloration (87.10%), medium-size range between 0.7-1.5 kg (71.43%), sweet to very sweet taste (100%), and hard texture (74.19%), with an oval shape (75%). Varietal characteristics are believed to differ across cultivation zones, depending on the agro-ecosystems and farming processes. Furthermore, the earlier mentioned properties were generally suitable to the farmers’ demands. These findings also serve as important guidance, in order to probe deeper into the development of varieties with relevant traits towards addressing farmers’ specifications.
Industrialization and Loss of Rice Barns (Karawang Case Study)
Authors: Cakranegara P A 
Published: August 2021

AbstractKarawang is a major rice producing city and currently serves as a barn for the entire Jakarta region. Modern industrialization posed a significant threat to local farmers, in terms of economic choices, as to either continue farming or explore other more viable alternatives. This research provides a comprehension description, using several available data to aid the farmers’ financial options. Secondary data were obtained from reliable public sources, including the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics, and were subsequently processed by the use of descriptive statistics and trend analysis. The results showed the existing conditions were responsible for the work preference in factories, due to higher compensation packages, compared to field experience. Meanwhile, land owners tend to switch to potential activities for higher economic value and profitable returns. This research extends the need for government intervention, in an effort to improve the living standard of Karawang farmers.
Information Needs and Behaviour for Sustainable Farming Among Millennial and Progressive farmers
Authors: Widiyanti E , Karsidi R , Wijaya M , Utari P 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Continuous innovation towards a more sustainable agriculture is an important trend in today’s modern era. Farmers are consistently required to apply essential technologies in enhancing crucial farming practices, regardless of age. The purpose of this qualitative research, therefore, was to carefully examine the information needs and search behaviours of two major farm groups, termed millennial and progressive, using a multi-case study approach. Data were collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with selected participants, comprised of 10 millennial and 5 progressive farmers. Consequently, various trends in information needs and search behaviours in both cases, were discovered, by employing explanation technique. The results showed the millennial generation farmers were more inclined to source for materials on technology access and marketing partnership from diverse communities. Meanwhile, the progressives were known to explore data regarding technology and efforts to improve on farm product quality from the Agriculture Department as well as market insights from close network.
Evaluation of the certified citrus commercial seedlings distribution program for citrus fruit supply stability
Authors: Mufidah L , Sugiyatno A , Zamzami L 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Nurseries belong to the upstream hierarchy in the production chain hence, play an integral role in sustainable food production. The Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute (ICSFRI) between 2018 and 2020, distributed 296,297 certified citrus commercial seedlings for East and Central Java provinces. Meanwhile, an evaluation of the program showed that it is applicable as a reference to improve and forecast stability in citrus fruit supply. This study was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics, meanwhile, a total of twenty citrus varieties were distributed. The main variety distributed in East and Central Java were tangerine cv Pontianak and mandarin cv Batu55 respectively, while three regencies in East Java and two in Central Java were sampled as the study locations, thereafter, a total of 73 beneficiary farmers were selected as respondents. The result showed that the death rate for distributed seedlings was relatively low, with the tangerine cv Pontianak indicating the highest death compared to mandarin cv Madura. This implies that the supply of tangerine and mandarin is expected to increase approximately by three thousand tons within the next two to three years. Besides this amount is predicted to consitute 3% of import in 2019. However, to actualize this, improvement in water availability, weather forecast, as well as farmer empowerment need to be considered to meet up with citrus supply, both in quantity and quality.
Improving soy milk quality with development of technical standard parameters
Authors: Kristiningrum E , Setyoko A T , Isharyadi F 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Soy milk is a known alternative drink for product diversification to increase protein consumption, and is produced by adding water to soy extract. In Indonesia, the Indonesian National Standard for soy milk products (SNI 01-3830-1995) has been provided along with a conformity assessment scheme. However, the accordance with BSN Regulation No. 6 of 2018 with regard SNI Review Guidelines, SNI, published over 5 years ago, needs to be reviewed. This study therefore provides recommendations for standard soy milk technical parameters, using the FACTS method (Framework for analysis, comparison and test of standards). The results of this study are intended to review SNI 01-3830-1995. In addition, the scope of this study is limited to stakeholder identification, technical parameter analysis and comparative analysis of international standards. This study was conducted at CV.X, a soy milk-producing Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) in Bekasi, Indonesia. The selection of SME as stakeholders was conducted to determine the ability to apply SNI. Meanwhile, technical parameter analysis was carried out through product laboratory testing, based on SNI 01-3830-1995. According to the laboratory test results, SMEs have not complied with SNI parameters, including protein, fat and pH requirements. The results of international standard analysis show 5 considerable parameters in CODEX STAN 175-1989, moisture, crude protein, ash, fat and crude fiber, for adoption in the SNI 01-3830-1995 review process, to improve the quality of soy milk in Indonesia.
Automatic design of quantum feature maps
Authors: Altares-López Sergio , Ribeiro Angela , García-Ripoll Juan José 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We propose a new technique for the automatic generation of optimal ad-hoc ansätze for classification by using quantum support vector machine. This efficient method is based on non-sorted genetic algorithm II multiobjective genetic algorithms which allow both maximize the accuracy and minimize the ansatz size. It is demonstrated the validity of the technique by a practical example with a non-linear dataset, interpreting the resulting circuit and its outputs. We also show other application fields of the technique that reinforce the validity of the method, and a comparison with classical classifiers in order to understand the advantages of using quantum machine learning.
Burgeoning single atoms as new types of nanozymes and electrocatalysts for sensing, biomedicine and energy conversion
Authors: Xu Yun , Yin Hongyao , Xiao Fei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Single atom catalysts (SACs), featured by atomically-level distributed active sites on supports, provide an ideal platform in the fields of energy conversion, and mimic metalloprotease for bridging the gap between natural enzymes and single atom nanozymes by virtue of their maximum atom utilization efficiency, superior selectivity and outstanding catalytic performance. In this review, the recent progress in this field is reported from the perspectives of synthesis routes, which is also a prerequisite for catalytic investigation. Subsequently, we depict their applications in different sensing systems including electrochemical, colorimetric and photoactive sensing, as well as biomedicine such as disease therapy, antibacterial and cytoprotection to demonstrate their nanoenzymatic activity, and their promising applications in electrocatalysis such as water splitting, oxygen and CO2 reduction reaction are highlighted in more details. Finally, the current challenges and future outlooks of higher loading, more activity and stable in SACs are presented.
ASHP National Survey of Health-System Specialty Pharmacy Practice—2020
Authors: Stubbings JoAnn , Pedersen Craig A , Low Karly , Chen David 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Purpose
Results of the first ASHP National Survey of Health-System Specialty Pharmacy Practice are presented.

Methods
A sample of 230 leaders in health-system specialty pharmacies were contacted by email and invited to participate in a survey hosted using an online survey application. The survey sample was compiled from ASHP member lists, through review of data from other ASHP surveys indicating the presence of specialty pharmacies, and by outreach to ASHP member organizational leaders.

Results
The response rate was 53.0%. Most health-system specialty pharmacies dispense 30,000 or fewer specialty prescriptions per year, have an annual revenue of $100 million or less, are part of an entity eligible to participate in the 340B Drug Pricing Program, operate 1 specialty pharmacy location, have at least 1 specialty pharmacy accreditation, dispense nonspecialty medications in addition to specialty medications, and employ an average of 13 pharmacists and 15 technicians. More than two-thirds of health-system specialty pharmacies (68.8%) dispense no more than half of the prescriptions written by their providers due to payer network restrictions or limited distribution drugs. The health-system specialty pharmacy practice model includes access to the electronic health record (100% of respondents), pharmacists and technicians dedicated to specific clinics (64.9% and 57.7%, respectively), specialty pharmacist involvement in treatment decisions and drug therapy selection prior to the prescription being written (64.9%), and documenting recommendations and progress notes in patients’ electronic health record (93.4%). Most health-system specialty pharmacies (83.3%) offer experiential or formal education in specialty pharmacy. Top challenges that survey respondents expected to face in the next year included restricted access to payer networks and limited distribution drugs, 340B Drug Pricing Program changes, and shrinking reimbursement from payers.

Conclusion
The health-system specialty pharmacy represents an integrated advanced practice model that incorporates specialty medication-use management across the continuum of care.
Detecting quantitative trait loci and exploring chromosomal pairing in autopolyploids using polyqtlR
Authors: Bourke Peter M , Voorrips Roeland E , Hackett Christine A , van Geest Geert , Willemsen Johan H , Arens Paul , Smulders Marinus J M , Visser Richard G F , Maliepaard Chris 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMotivationThe investigation of quantitative trait loci (QTL) is an essential component in our understanding of how organisms vary phenotypically. However, many important crop species are polyploid (carrying more than two copies of each chromosome), requiring specialized tools for such analyses. Moreover, deciphering meiotic processes at higher ploidy levels is not straightforward, but is necessary to understand the reproductive dynamics of these species, or uncover potential barriers to their genetic improvement.ResultsHere, we present polyqtlR, a novel software tool to facilitate such analyses in (auto)polyploid crops. It performs QTL interval mapping in F1 populations of outcrossing polyploids of any ploidy level using identity-by-descent probabilities. The allelic composition of discovered QTL can be explored, enabling favourable alleles to be identified and tracked in the population. Visualization tools within the package facilitate this process, and options to include genetic co-factors and experimental factors are included. Detailed information on polyploid meiosis including prediction of multivalent pairing structures, detection of preferential chromosomal pairing and location of double reduction events can be performed.Availabilityand implementationpolyqtlR is freely available from the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) at http://cran.r-project.org/package=polyqtlR.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Outcomes of robot-assisted versus conventional laparoscopic low anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer: propensity-matched analysis of the National Clinical Database in Japan
Authors: Matsuyama T , Endo H , Yamamoto H , Takemasa I , Uehara K , Hanai T , Miyata H , Kimura T , Hasegawa H , Kakeji Y , Inomata M , Kitagawa Y , Kinugasa Y 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery has several advantages over conventional laparoscopy. However, population-based comparative studies for low anterior resection are limited. This article aimed to compare peri-operative results of robot-assisted low anterior resection (RALAR) and laparoscopy

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used data from patients treated with RALAR or conventional laparoscopic low anterior resection (CLLAR) between October 2018 and December 2019, as recorded in the Japanese National Clinical Database, a data set registering clinical information, perioperative outcomes, and mortality. Of note, the registry does not include information on the tumour location (centimetres from the anal verge) and diverting stoma creation. Perioperative outcomes, including rate of conversion to open surgery, were compared between RALAR and CLLAR groups. Confounding factors were adjusted for using propensity score matching.

Results
Of 21 415 patients treated during the study interval, 20 220 were reviewed. Two homogeneous groups of 2843 patients were created by propensity score matching. The conversion rate to open surgery was significantly lower in the RALAR group than in the CLLAR group (0.7 versus 2.0 per cent; P &lt; 0.001). The RALAR group had a longer operating time (median: 352 versus 283 min; P &lt; 0.001), less intraoperative blood loss (15 versus 20 ml; P &lt; 0.001), a lower in-hospital mortality rate (0.1 versus 0.5 per cent; P = 0.007), and a shorter postoperative hospital stay (median: 13 versus 14 days; P &lt; 0.001) compared with the CLLAR group. The CLLAR group had a lower rate of readmission within 30 days (2.4 versus 3.3 per cent; P = 0.045).

Conclusion
These data highlight the reduced conversion rate, in-hospital mortality rate, intraoperative blood loss, and length of postoperative hospital stay for rectal cancer surgery in patients treated using robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery compared with laparoscopic low anterior resection.
Reach and Power of Physician-Initiated Tweets in a Twitter Inflammatory Bowel Disease Community
Authors: Kesavarapu Keerthana , Zelenkauskaite Asta , Nandi Neilanjan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) specialist Twitter engagement and thematic content was assessed.

Methods
The nature of interaction between IBD specialists and users who responded to them was analyzed based on (1) content analysis of stakeholders who responded to them; (2) nature of interaction through a manual thematic content analysis of IBD specialist tweets and responses; (3) prominence of interaction by employing descriptive analysis and statistical inferences relative to the number of replies, likes, and retweets. Analyzed samples included of tweets (n = 320) compiled from 16 IBD specialists, and associated replies (n = 299), retweets (n = 869), and likes (n = 4068).

Results
Healthcare professionals (HCPs) more often engaged with peer-HCPs, compared to other stakeholders. When it comes to the nature of exchanges, of original tweets, the most common content was for knowledge sharing (58%) and endorsement (28%). In the knowledge sharing category, research accounted for more than half of those tweets (53%). Of replies, knowledge sharing occurred most frequently with a subtheme of IBD management (62%).

Conclusions
HCP–HCP Twitter engagement was more frequent than HCP–other Twitter stakeholder interaction. The primary purpose for this engagement was found to obtain real-time information, professionally network, and disseminate research.