bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ramadan and blood pressure: importance of chronotherapy
Authors: Bejar MA , Zairi I , Ben Mrad I , Besbes B , Mzoughi K , Kraiem S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Background
During Ramadan, alterations in the daily patterns of sleep, activities and medication timing might contribute to changes in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate among hypertensive patients.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of medication timing during Ramadan on blood pressure and heart rate in hypertensive subjects taking their treatment once daily.

Methods
The study prospectively recruited 44 hypertensive patients between April and June 2019, followed up at the cardiology department of our Hospital. A 24-hour pressure monitoring was carried out during two periods: prior to Ramadan and during the last ten days of Ramadan.

Results
We studied 29 women and 15 men, mean age was 58.7 years. 34% of the patients were diabetics and 16% had coronaropathy. 46% of the patients were on monotherapy, 43% on dual therapy and 11% on a triple antihypertensive therapy. During Ramadan, 57% of the patients took their treatment during the dinner (group1), whereas 43% took their treatment during the Shour (group 2).
Average 24hour blood pressure in the whole group was 129 ± 18/74 ± 10 mmHg before Ramadan and 129 ± 19/74 ± 10 mmHg during Ramadan (p &gt; 0.05). Daytime and nighttime mean values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as mean values of heart rate were not different between both periods regardless of age and gender.
However, during Ramadan, those who took their treatment after dinner had significant higher values of 24 hour systolic BP, awake systolic and diastolic BP, asleep systolic and diastolic BP than those who took their treatment with the shour (p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
In this study, there were no significant changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as heart rate during the 2 periods. However, during Ramadan, a slight superiority of taking the treatment with the shour is observed.
Average values of BP and heart rate Group 1 Group 2 p 24 hour SBP (mmHg) 134 ± 23 122 ± 6 0.017 24 hour DBP (mmHg) 76 ± 12 70 ± 5 0.052 Awake SBP (mmHg) 138 ± 23 125 ± 6 0.012 Awake DBP (mmHg) 79 ± 12 73 ± 5 0.044 Asleep SBP (mmHg) 127 ± 26 114 ± 12 0.030 Asleep DBP (mmHg) 71 ± 13 65 ± 7 0.045 24 hour average heart rate (bpm) 71 ± 7 70 ± 6 0.524 Awake average heart rate (bpm) 76 ± 7 74 ± 7 0.322 Asleep average heart rate (bpm) 65 ± 7 65 ± 7 0.931 Average values of blood pressure and heart rate in both groups
Abstract Figure. 24hour course of blood pressure
Sex differences in leptin and cardiometabolic profile after exercise intervention in physically inactive adults with primary hypertension and obesity
Authors: Maldonado-Martin SMM , Corres PC , Martinezaguirre-Betolaza AMAB , Jurio-Iriarte BJI , Tous-Espelosin MTE , Gorostegi-Anduaga IGA 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): University of the Basque Country

OnBehalf
GIKAFIT
PURPOSES. To analyse the change on leptin, body composition, blood pressure (BP), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and some biochemical parameters in physically inactive women and men with primary hypertension (HTN) and obesity, and to evaluate the potential sex differences in the change after intervention.
METHODS. Participants (n = 37 women, n= 40 men, 52.9 ± 6.9 yrs) from the EXERDIET-HTA study were randomized into attention control group (physical activity recommendations) or one of three supervised aerobic exercise groups [two days/week: high-volume (HV) with 45 min of moderate-intensity continuous training, HV and high-intensity interval training (HV-HIIT), and low volume-HIIT (LV-HIIT, 20 min)]. All participants received the same hypocaloric diet. All variables were assessed pre and post intervention (16 weeks). 24 h ambulatory BP monitoring was used to analyze systolic and diastolic BP. A cardiopulmonary exercise test was performed to determine peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak).
RESULTS. Following the intervention, there were increments (P &lt; 0.01) in CRF by VO2peak (Women, W = 21.1 ± 3.7 vs. 24.6 ± 4.4 mL·kg-1·min-1, Men, M = 26.3 ± 6.0 vs. 33.1 ± 10.2 mL·kg-1·min-1) and decreases (P &lt; 0.05) in leptin (W = 49.5 ± 23.0 vs. 41.8 ± 19.9 ng/mL, M = 20.5 ± 14.8 vs. 12.9 ± 18.6 ng/mL), body mass (W = 84.7 ± 12.1 vs. 80.3 ± 11.5 kg, M = 97.9 ± 14.4 vs. 91.5 ± 13.3 kg), waist perimeter (W = 97.3 ± 10.7 vs. 94.3 ± 10.9 cm, M = 107.9 ± 8.7 vs. 101.5 ± 7.9 cm), fat mass (W = 42.3 ± 5.1 vs. 38.6 ± 8.4 %, M = 31.2 ± 5.0 vs. 28.0 ± 4.4 %), systolic BP (M = 136.5 ± 12.1 vs. 129.3 ± 12.5 mmHg), diastolic BP (W = 76.2 ± 8.9 vs. 74.1 ± 8.7 mmHg, M = 79.3 ± 7.2 vs. 75.0 ± 8.2 mmHg), total cholesterol (M = 216.1 ± 44.5 vs. 196.1 ± 35.0 mg/dL), insulin (W = 13.4 ± 7.9 vs. 9.4 ± 4.2 mU/L) values. There were significant between-sex differences in body mass (W=-5.2%, M=-6.5%, effect size, ES = 0.073), waist circumference (W=-3.1%, M=-5.9%, ES = 0.114), and VO2peak (W = 14.2%, M = 20.5%, ES = 0.059).
CONCLUSIONS. Aerobic exercise along with hypocaloric diet is an effective non-pharmacological tool to induce beneficial changes in women and men in BP and leptin as a mediator of obesity-induced HTN, and other regulatory mechanisms such as body composition, CRF and biochemical profile. The found sex-related differences could confirm the need of individual non-pharmacological strategies.
Factors associated with the practice of minimal counseling by medical residents
Authors: Bargaoui Z , Mzoughi K , Zairi I , Aouina O 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
Smoking is a public health problem. Doctors have an important role in the fight against smoking, in particular through the minimum advice they can give.

Purpose
The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of the application of minimal advice by medical residents and to identify factors that may influence its practice.

Methods
We conducted a descriptive and analytical study with a prospective data collection that included 302 residents practicing in Tunisia and who agreed to respond to an online questionnaire submitted between February and March 2020.

Results
Residents mean age was of 28 ± 2 years and the gender ratio was 0.65. Sixty-four percent of residents were non-smokers. During their practice, 94% of residents systematically identified the patient"s smoking status and 61.9% were unfamiliar with the concept of minimal advice. The rate of application of the minimum advice by residents was 57.6%.
In multivariate analysis, the factors influencing the application of minimum counseling were: gender (OR =0.321, p = 0.0001), knowledge of minimum counseling (OR = 2.808, p = 0.002) and having attended the minimum advice given by a senior (OR = 2.328, p = 0.0001).

Conclusion
The rate of application of the minimum advice remains low. Improving one"s theoretical and practical teaching during medical studies is essential.
Exposure to air pollution and renal function - an underestimated threat?
Authors: Kuzma L , Malyszko J , Kurasz A , Bachorzewska-Gajewska H , Dobrzycki S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
Air pollution contributes to the premature death of approximately 428,000 citizens of Europe every year. The adverse effects of air pollution can be observed not only in respiratory, circulatory, and nervous systems but also in renal function.

Purpose
Our goal was to investigate the hypothesis indicating that we can observe the long-term and also short-term impact of air pollution on kidney function.

Methods
We reviewed medical notes of patients hospitalized between 2007-2016. We used linear, log-linear, and logistic regression models to assess the association between renal function and NO2, SO2, and PMs. Results are reported as beta (β) coefficients and odds ratios (OR) for an increase in interquartile range (IQR) concentration with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
3,554 patients were included into the final analysis. The median age was 66 (IQR 15) and men were in the majority (53.2%, N = 1891). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was diagnosed in 21.5% (N = 764). The long-term increase in annual average concentration of PM2.5 (OR for IQR increase = 1.07; 95% CI 1.01 – 1.15, P = 0.037) and NO2 (OR for IQR increase = 1.05;95% CI 1.01 – 1.10, P = 0.047) resulted in an increased number of patients with CKD. In short-term observation the IQR increase in weekly PM2.5 concentration was associated with a 2% reduction in eGFR (OR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.97 – 0.99, P = 0.03)

Conclusions
The effects of air pollution on renal function were observed. Long- and short–term exposure to elevated air pollution levels was associated with a decrease in eGFR. The main pollutant affecting the kidneys was PM2.5.
The effects of smoking and alcoholism in acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Correia J , Neto V , Santos J , Pires I , Goncalves L , Costa A , Cabral J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
Several studies have concluded that smoking increases mortality in patients with coronary disease. On the other hand, a J-shaped dose-effect curve has been used to describe the relationship between alcohol and cardiovascular mortality. According to the majority of studies, a moderate intake of alcohol is associated with a decrease in mortality, while an excessive alcohol intake appears to increase mortality.

Aim
To evaluate the effect of smoking and excessive alcohol intake in hospital mortality and 1-year mortality in patients hospitalized due to acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods
A single-centre retrospective study was conducted, with inclusion of all consecutive patients admitted in the Cardiology Department due to ACS. Follow-up started after hospital admission and ended upon hospital death, death within the following 12 months or 12 months after study entry. Patients were divided in two groups: smokers (Group-A) and non-smokers (Group-B), to analyse the effect of smoking in hospital mortality and 1-year mortality. To analyse the effect of excessive alcohol intake, patients were also divided in other two groups: Group-C (excessive drinkers) and Group-D (non-excessive drinkers). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS and a p value &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
1120 patients (68.9% male, mean age 69.12 ± 12.67 years) were included in this study. 20.5% were smokers and 3.2% had a previous excessive alcohol intake.
Between Group-A and Group-B, a statistically significant difference was observed in gender (93.1% male in Group-A vs 62.9% male in Group-B, p = 0.002), but not in age (p = 0.116). Hospital mortality rates in Group-A and Group-B were respectively 6.0% and 8.7% (p = 0.191) and 1-year mortality rates were 3.1% vs 5.1% (p = 0.239).
Between Group-C and Group-D, a statistically significant difference was observed in gender (94.4% male in Group-C vs 69.8% male in Group-B, p &lt; 0.001), but not in age (p = 0.730). Hospital mortality rates in Group-C and Group-D were respectively 25% and 9.6% (p = 0.003) and 1-year mortality were 3.8% vs 6.6% (p = 0.577).

Conclusions
Smoking did not have a positive or negative effect in hospital mortality and 1-year mortality. However, excessive alcohol intake was associated with increased hospital mortality in this population.
Adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle in patients after myocardial infarction
Authors: Novakovic M , Tasic J , Krevel B , Rajkovic U , Bozic Mijovski M , Kosuta D , Trsan J , Fras Z , Jug B 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

OnBehalf
ReKoBo study group

INTRODUCTION
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with decreased cardiovascular and overall mortality, and is recommended by the relevant preventive cardiology guidelines. However, besides specific dietary intake, Mediterranean lifestyle includes a series of eating habits and social behaviours. All these aspects are summed in the Medlife questionnaire.

PURPOSE
The aim of our study was to assess adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle and examine associations with clinically relevant variables, in patients after myocardial infarction referred to cardiac rehabilitation.

METHODS
This was a single-centre cross-sectional study. Mediterranean lifestyle pattern was assessed using a validated Medlife questionnaire, which includes 28 questions (15 questions on the Mediterranean diet adherence, 6 questions on the eating habits and behaviour, and 7 questions on the social pattern of the Mediterranean lifestyle). Associations of the Medlife score with the exercise performance (assessed by the cardiopulmonary exercise testing), clinical data, demographics, lipid status, and quality of life (assessed by the HeartQol questionnaire) were assessed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient, while differences between two groups were determined with the independent-samples t-test.

RESULTS
There were 111 patients included in the study, mean age 55 +/- 10 years, 20% of them were women. Adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle was not associated with age, BMI, peak VO2, total or LDL cholesterol. Also, there were no differences in terms of Medlife score between women vs. men, and between patients living in urban vs. rural areas. There were, however, significant associations between Medlife score and HDL (r = 0.239, p = 0.012), triglyceride level (r=-0.383, p &lt; 0.001) and blood glucose level (r=-0.214, p = 0.024), and with the emotional aspects of the quality of life (r = 0.245, p = 0.017). Also, higher-educated were significantly more adherent to the Mediterranean lifestyle as compared to lower-educated patients (16.2 vs. 14.7 points, p = 0.018).

CONCLUSION
Poorer adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle is associated with substandard control of lipid status and glucose level. Improvement in the Mediterranean lifestyle adherence might be a cornerstone in the cardiac rehabilitation beyond exercise training programmes.
Prehabilitation program for coronary artery bypass grafting patients and perioperative myocardial injury
Authors: Argunova Y , Belik E , Moskin E , Gruzdeva O , Pomeshkina S , Barbarash O 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Purpose
To evaluate morphological and functional cardiac parameters and to assess changes in markers of perioperative myocardial injury in patients undergoing different prehabilitation program before elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods
60 male patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) underwent screening in the preoperative period and were randomized into two groups. Group 1 (n = 30, mean age 61.5 [56; 63]) underwent supervised treadmill exercises at intensity corresponding to 80% of VO2 peak during the preoperative management. Group 2 (n = 30, mean age 62.0 [56; 64]) patients did not undergo any additional trainings.
Patients underwent a standard echocardiographic (ECHO-CG) study in the preoperative period and at days 5-7 after CABG. Serum markers of myocardial injury (troponin I, NT-proBNP) were measured in both groups of patients in the preoperative period before training (point 1), at the end of exercise training session (point 2) and at days 5-7 (point 3) after CABG.

Results
Left ventricular end-systolic dimension (p = 0.039) and left ventricular end-systolic volume (p = 0.039) increased by 8.5% and 18% in patients who underwent supervised exercise trainings as compared to the baseline values. An increase in these parameters was more pronounced in the control group (17% (p = 0.00029) and 41% (p = 0.00028), respectively).
Both groups were comparable in troponin I levels at three study points. Troponin I values were within the reference range.
NT-proBNP levels showed a downward trend in patients with prehabilitation at the end of the training sessions, while in the control group NT-proBNP levels increased. An increase in NT-proBNP levels was reliable in patients without exercise trainings (p = 0.003) after CABG compared to the preoperative values. However, changes in NT-proBNP levels were insignificant in patients who underwent prehabilitation (p &gt; 0.05).

Conclusion
The safety of high-intensity exercise trainings in the prehabilitation program for CABG had been confirmed by laboratory markers indicative for myocardial injury. The obtained data proved the efficiency of active prehabilitation for optimizing morphological and functional cardiac parameters as well as inducing cardioprotection.
Assessment of physical function and health related quality of life according to the likelihood of adverse cardiac events in type 2 diabetic women
Authors: Demirtas RN , Kebapci N , Efe B 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In women, one of the strongest and most consistent estimators of cardiac prognosis is functional capacity which is an important component affecting the predictive value of exercise testing. The Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) is a questionnaire and it correlates with a woman’s capabilities to perform adequate levels of exercise stress testing and predicts prognosis to a similar degre. The every unit increase in the DASI MET subsets (4.8-7-4, 7.5-9.9 and &gt;9.9 METs) related to Bruce protocol, were associated with a 25% decrease in adverse cardiac events.

Purpose
To appreciate the physical function and health related quality of life according to the likelihood of adverse cardiac events using estimeted function capasity in type 2 diabetic women

Methods
Forty nine type 2 diabetic women (mean age: 61.48 ± 8.42 years) completed the DASI questionnaire for the functional capacity and SF-36 for health related quality of life. They also underwent two minute walk test, Up and Go test and one leg standing test. The women were divided into two groups according to functional capacity by their estimated MET capacity at &lt; 7.5 (group 1 who had higher risk for adverse cardiac events) and ≥7.5 (group 2, who had lower adverse cardiac events risk) using DASI.

Results
The age, BMI, diabetes duration, HgA1c and SF-36 mental health weren’t different between the groups (p&gt;.05). The education duration (p=.031), comorbidity number ((p=.035), the scores of two minute walk test (p=.000), Up and Go test (p=.000), one leg standing test (p=.001) and vitality (p=.002), physical functioning (p=.000), bodily pain (p=.040), physical role functioning (p=.003), emotional role functioning (p=.040) domains of SF-36 were greater in Group 2.

Conclusions
In the type 2 diabetic womens who had higher risk for adverse cardiac events, physical function was lower and quality of life was worse than those in the womens who had lower adverse cardiac events risk. The physical activity as a contributing factor to reduce the likelihood of adverse cardiac events and to increase the health related quality of life, should be improved.
The effects of preventive counseling followed by remote support via phone on physical activity in patients with high cardiovascular risk
Authors: Pogosova N , Yusubova AI , Yufereva YM , Sokolova OY , Karpova AV , Ausheva AK 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Background
Education may increase physical activity (PA) in patients (pts) with high cardiovascular (CV) risk.

Objectives
To assess the effects of preventive counseling with focus on diet modification with remote support by phone on PA levels in high CV risk pts.

Methods
This is a randomized controlled study of pts aged 40 to 65 years with high/very high CV risk (Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation scale [SCORE], ≥5%) and any 2 metabolic syndrome criteria. Pts were randomized into 2 groups in 1:1 ratio. Intervention group received comprehensive preventive counseling with focus on healthy diet followed by 3 months of biweekly remote counseling by phone (a total of 6 sessions). Control group received usual care including basic preventive counseling. PA was assessed by International Questionnaire on Physical Activity (IPAQ) at baseline, at 6 and 12 months.

Results
A total of 100 pts (women, 80%, aged 59.85 ± 4.47 years) were randomized. Demographics and clinical features were balanced across groups. Despite the study intervention not focusing on PA, total PA, moderate PA and walking significantly increased in the intervention group vs control at 6 and 12 months.

Conclusion
The study intervention provided a significant increase of PA in high CV risk pts.
Intervention group, mean ± standard deviation Control group, mean ± standard deviation P for change from baseline Total physical activities, МЕТ-min/week Baseline 1317.94 ± 1455.4 2029.42 ± 2811.84 After 6 months 2217.58 ± 1813.95*** 1793.26 ± 1863.54 &lt;0.001 After 12 months 2240.2 ± 1991.47*** 1629.48 ± 1629.02 &lt;0.001 Vigorous physical activities, МЕТ-min/week Baseline 92.8 ± 407.72 220.8 ± 881.49 After 6 months 96 ± 557.08 0 ± 0 n/s After 12 months 132.8 ± 425.66 27.2 ± 109.15 n/s Moderate physical activities, МЕТ-min/week Baseline 268.8 ± 455.28 714 ± 1390.22 After 6 months 522.4 ± 570.54*** 518.8 ± 1075.79* &lt;0.001 After 12 months 766.8 ± 1176.38** 481.6 ± 874.97* &lt;0.001 Walking, МЕТ-min/week Baseline 956.34 ± 1071.49 1094.62 ± 1344.46 After 6 months 1599.18 ± 1404.88*** 1294.46 ± 1208.88 &lt;0.05 After 12 months 1339.8 ± 1230.51** 1120.68 ± 1067.09 &lt;0.05 *р&lt;0,05;**р&lt;0,01;***р&lt;0,001 for within group comparisons vs baseline
Gender differences in risk of myocardial infarction and stroke in population with sleep disorders in Russia / Siberia: population-based study MONICA-psychosocial
Authors: Gafarov V , Gromova E , Panov D , Gagulin I , Gafarova A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Objectives
To determine the gender differences in the effect of sleep disorders on risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke in population 25-64 years over 16 years of follow-up.

Methods
Under the third screening of WHO program MONICA -Psychosocial a random representative sample of both gender aged 25- 64 years in Novosibirsk was examined in 1994 (n = 1346, male 48.8%, mean age 44,9 ± 0,4 years). The sleep assessment was performed using the Jenkins Sleep Questionnaire. There were 15 cases of new-onset MI in women and 30 in men, new-onset stroke 35 cases in women and 22 in men from 1994 to 2010.

Results
In an open population aged 25-64 years 48.6% of men and 65.9% of women had sleep disorders (p&lt; 0.001). Univariate analysis showed 2.4-fold risk of MI in those males with SD over 16-year of follow-up (95%CI 1.1-5.3; p&lt; 0.05) but not for women. MI risk was higher in those men who were never married, divorced or widowed (p for all &lt;0.01) compared to married ones. Risk of stroke was higher in men HR = 3 (95%CI 1.2-7.6;p &lt; 0.05) than in women HR = 1.9 (95%CI 1.03-3.7; p &lt; 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed 2.8-fold risk of stroke (95%CI 1.1-7.1; p &lt; 0.05) in men and HR = 2.7 in women (95%CI 1.4-5.42;p &lt; 0.01) with SD. Stroke risk was higher in men with lower educational level and in women with college degree in those with SD.

Conclusions
Sleep disorders is a risk factor of MI in men only and stroke for both gender and negative social gradient increases cardiovascular risk.