bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Biomarkers of Disease Activity in Longitudinal Assessment of Patients with ANCA‐Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Monach Paul A. , Warner Roscoe L. , Lew Robert , Tómasson Gunnar , Specks Ulrich , Stone John H. , Fervenza Fernando C. , Hoffman Gary S. , Kallenberg Cees G. M. , Langford Carol A. , Seo Philip , St. Clair E. William , Spiera Robert , Johnson Kent J. , Merkel Peter A. 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveImproved biomarkers of current disease activity and prediction of relapse are needed in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis (AAV). For clinical relevance, biomarkers must perform well longitudinally in patients on treatment and in patients with nonsevere flares.MethodsTwenty‐two proteins were measured in 347 serum samples from 74 patients with AAV enrolled in a clinical trial. Samples were collected at Month 6 after remission induction, then every 3 months until Month 18, or at the time of flare. Associations of protein concentrations with concurrent disease activity and with future flare were analyzed using mixed‐effects models, Cox proportional hazards models, and conditional logistic regression.ResultsForty‐two patients had flares during the 12‐month follow‐up period, and 32 remained in remission. Twenty‐two patients had severe flares. Six experimental markers (CXCL13, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐15, IL‐18BP, and matrix metalloproteinase‐3 [MMP‐3]) and ESR were associated with disease activity using all three methods (P < 0.05, with P < 0.01 in at least one method). A rise in IL‐8, IL‐15, or IL‐18BP was associated temporally with flare. Combining C‐reactive protein (CRP), IL‐18BP, neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL), and sIL‐2Rα improved association with active AAV. CXCL13 and MMP‐3 were increased during treatment with prednisone, independent of disease activity. Marker concentrations during remission were not predictive of future flare.ConclusionSerum biomarkers of inflammation and tissue damage and repair have been previously shown to be strongly associated with severe active AAV were less strongly associated with active AAV in a longitudinal study that included mild flares and varying treatment. Markers rising contemporaneously with flare or with an improved association in combination merit further study.
Magnetic‐Field‐Switchable Laser via Optical Pumping of Rubrene
Authors: Perkinson Collin F. , Einzinger Markus , Finley Joseph , Bawendi Moungi G. , Baldo Marc A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractVolumetric optical imaging of magnetic fields is challenging with existing magneto‐optical materials, motivating the search for dyes with strong magnetic field interactions, distinct emission spectra, and an ability to withstand high photon flux and incorporation within samples. Here, the magnetic field effect on singlet‐exciton fission is exploited to demonstrate spatial imaging of magnetic fields in a thin film of rubrene. Doping rubrene with the high‐quantum yield dye dibenzotetraphenylperiflanthene (DBP) is shown to enable optically pumped, slab waveguide lasing. This laser is magnetic‐field‐switchable: when operated just below the lasing threshold, application of a 0.4 T magnetic field switches the device between nonlasing and lasing modes, accompanied by an intensity modulation of +360%. This is thought to be the first demonstration of a magnetically switchable laser, as well as the largest magnetically induced change in emission brightness in a singlet‐fission material to date. These results demonstrate that singlet‐fission materials are promising materials for magnetic sensing applications and could inspire a new class of magneto‐optical modulators.
Skin‐Inspired Capacitive Stress Sensor with Large Dynamic Range via Bilayer Liquid Metal Elastomers
Authors: Yang Jiayi , Kwon Ki Yoon , Kanetkar Shreyas , Xing Ruizhe , Nithyanandam Praneshnandan , Li Yang , Jung Woojin , Gong Wei , Tuman Mary , Shen Qingchen , Wang Meixiang , Ghosh Tushar , Chatterjee Kony , Wang Xinxin , Zhang Dongguang , Kim Tae‐il , Truong Vi Khanh , Dickey Michael D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSoft devices that sense touch are important for prosthetics, soft robotics, and electronic skins. One way to sense touch is to use a capacitor consisting of a soft dielectric layer sandwiched between two electrodes. Compressing the capacitor brings the electrodes closer together and thereby increases capacitance. Ideally, sensors of touch should have both large sensitivity and the ability to measure a wide range of stress (dynamic range). Although skin has such capabilities, it remains difficult to achieve both sensitivity and dynamic range in a single manmade sensor. Inspired by skin, this work reports a soft capacitive pressure sensor based on a bilayer of liquid metal elastomer foam (B‐LMEF). The B‐LMEF consists of an elastomer slab (elastic modulus: ≈655 kPa) laminated with a soft liquid metal elastomer foam (LMEF, elastic modulus: ≈7 kPa). The LMEF deforms at small stresses (<10 kPa), and both layers deform at large stresses (>10 kPa). The B‐LMEF has high sensitivity (0.073 kPa–1) at small stress and can operate over a large range of stress (200 kPa), which leads to a large dynamic range (≈4.1 × 105). Additionally, the elastomer slab has a large energy dissipation coefficient; the skin uses this property to cushion the human body from external stress and strain.
Cortical‐Folding‐Inspired Multifunctional Reduced Graphene Oxide Microarchitecture Arrays on Curved Substrates
Authors: Tan Yinlong , Hu Biru , Kang Yan , Jiang Tian , Li Guochen , Dong Qichao , Wu Wenjian , Chu Zengyong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough controlled wrinkling is demonstrated to be a powerful tool for micro/nanofabrication, large‐area fabrication of microarchitecture arrays on curved substrates by surface wrinkling still remains challenging. Inspired by the cortical folding, a facile method for transforming graphene oxide (GO) patterns into multiscale microarchitecture arrays on curved substrates is developed. Mass production of hierarchical GO papillae arrays can be realized by homogeneous compression of patterned GO/rubber bilayers. The reduced GO (rGO) papillae arrays show superhydrophobicity with tunable adhesion to water, enabling good performance in microdroplet manipulation. Besides, the papillae are capable of regulating the formation of microcracks in the rGO films upon stretching. Similar to the mechanical sensing system of spiders, a crack‐based strain sensor with high gauge factor (≈81), good linearity (0–15%), and fast responding speed (<40 ms) is demonstrated. In addition, the strain sensor is capable of detecting and recognizing multiple deformation modes including stretching, poking, and touching. This work reveals novel cortical folding morphology and provides a simple fabrication method for multifunctional hierarchical microarchitectures on curved substrates, which may find applications in biomimetic microstructures, smart wetting surfaces, and wearable electronics.
Smad3 Promotes Cancer‐Associated Fibroblasts Generation via Macrophage–Myofibroblast Transition
Authors: Tang Philip Chiu‐Tsun , Chung Jeff Yat‐Fai , Xue Vivian Wei‐wen , Xiao Jun , Meng Xiao‐Ming , Huang Xiao‐Ru , Zhou Shuang , Chan Alex Siu‐Wing , Tsang Anna Chi‐Man , Cheng Alfred Sze‐Lok , Lee Tin‐Lap , Leung Kam‐Tong , Lam Eric W.‐F. , To Ka‐Fai , Tang Patrick Ming‐Kuen , Lan Hui‐Yao 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are important in tumor microenvironment (TME) driven cancer progression. However, CAFs are heterogeneous and still largely underdefined, better understanding their origins will identify new therapeutic strategies for cancer. Here, the authors discovered a new role of macrophage‐myofibroblast transition (MMT) in cancer for de novo generating protumoral CAFs by resolving the transcriptome dynamics of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAM) with single‐cell resolution. MMT cells (MMTs) are observed in non‐small‐cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) associated with CAF abundance and patient mortality. By fate‐mapping study, RNA velocity, and pseudotime analysis, existence of novel macrophage‐lineage‐derived CAF subset in the TME of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) model is confirmed, which is directly transited via MMT from M2‐TAM in vivo and bone‐marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDM) in vitro. Adoptive transfer of BMDM‐derived MMTs markedly promote CAF formation in LLC‐bearing mice. Mechanistically, a Smad3‐centric regulatory network is upregulated in the MMTs of NSCLC, where chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing(ChIP‐seq) detects a significant enrichment of Smad3 binding on fibroblast differentiation genes in the macrophage‐lineage cells in LLC‐tumor. More importantly, macrophage‐specific deletion and pharmaceutical inhibition of Smad3 effectively block MMT, therefore, suppressing the CAF formation and cancer progression in vivo. Thus, MMT may represent a novel therapeutic target of CAF for cancer immunotherapy.
Heterostructures Made of Upconversion Nanoparticles and Metal–Organic Frameworks for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Liu Qing , Wu Bo , Li Mengyuan , Huang Yuanyu , Li Lele 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHeterostructure nanoparticles (NPs), constructed by two single‐component NPs with distinct nature and multifunctional properties, have attracted intensive interest in the past few years. Among them, heterostructures made of upconversion NPs (UCNPs) and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can not only integrate the advantageous characteristics (e.g., porosity, structural regularity) of MOFs with unique upconverted optical features of UCNPs, but also induce cooperative properties not observed either for single component due to their special optical or electronic communications. Recently, diverse UCNP‐MOF heterostructures are designed and synthesized via different strategies and have demonstrated appealing potential for applications in biosensing and imaging, drug delivery, and photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this review, the synthesis strategies of UCNP‐MOF heterostructures are first summarized, then the authors focus mainly on discussion of their biomedical applications, particularly as PDT agents for cancer treatment. Finally, the authors briefly outlook the current challenges and future perspectives of UCNP‐MOF hybrid nanocomposites. The authors believe that this review will provide comprehensive understanding and inspirations toward recent advances of UCNP‐MOF heterostructures.
Late‐stage Modification of Coumarins via Aryliodonium Intramolecular Aryl Migration
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhang Yuxuan , Wang Limin , Han Jianwei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA novel approach concerning modification of coumarins with hypervalent iodine reagents was developed by an intramolecular aryl migration. The approach features new coumarin‐based aryliodonium salts for the formation of C(sp2)−O bond under transition metal‐free conditions. As a result, a family of functional coumarins bearing reactive C−I bond were produced efficiently. The products as useful synthons were demonstrated with coupling reactions for π‐expanded coumarin derivatives. Furthermore, the photophysical properties of the coumarin compounds were examined for their potential in material science.
Sentiment classification in social media data by combining triplet belief functions
Authors: Bi Yaxin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSentiment analysis is an emerging technique that caters for semantic orientation and opinion mining. It is increasingly used to analyze online reviews and posts for identifying people's opinions and attitudes to products and events in order to improve business performance of companies and aid to make better organizing strategies of events. This paper presents an innovative approach to combining the outputs of sentiment classifiers under the framework of belief functions. It consists of the formulation of sentiment classifier outputs in the triplet evidence structure and the development of general formulas for combining triplet functions derived from sentiment classification results via three evidential combination rules along with comparative analyses. The empirical studies have been conducted on examining the effectiveness of our method for sentiment classification individually and in combination, and the results demonstrate that the best combined classifiers by our method outperforms the best individual classifiers over five review datasets.
Aspartate‐phobia of thermophiles as a reaction to deleterious chemical transformations
Authors: Villain Etienne , Fort Philippe , Kajava Andrey V 
Published: November 2021

AbstractProkaryotes growing at high temperatures have a high proportion of charged residues in their proteins to stabilize their 3D structure. By mining 175 disparate bacterial and archaeal proteomes we found that, against the general trend for charged residues, the frequency of aspartic acid residues decreases strongly as natural growth temperature increases. In search of the explanation, we hypothesized that the reason for such unusual correlation is the deleterious consequences of spontaneous chemical transformations of aspartate at high temperatures. Our subsequent statistical analysis supported this hypothesis. This finding reveals that organisms have likely adapted to high temperatures by minimizing the harmful consequences of spontaneous chemical transformations.
Experimental setup for beams with adjustable rotational stiffness: An educational perspective
Authors: Turker Hakan T. , Sagiroglu Serkan , Deliktas Babur 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn structural analysis, the rotations of beams' supports are considered either completely fixed or completely free. Therefore, supports are idealized as fixed, pinned (hinged), or roller. In real structures, regarding rotation, the support behavior is neither fully rigid nor completely free and shows a semi‐rigid behavior in most cases. In this study, an educational test setup was created for a beam with semi‐rigid supports to examine the effect of semi‐rigid support on structural behavior. In this experimental setup, support conditions with different rotational stiffness can be obtained from pinned support to fixed support, which can be easily changed between the pinned and the fixed support. The physical equivalent of the rotational stiffness concept is shown in an easy and understandable way with the theoretical equations. A simulation tool based on the derived analytical equation is also developed using Mathematica Software. The simulation tool provides the users with a way to visualize the deformation of the system. The results of beam tests with different support conditions were compared with the results of the simulation, and the effects of semi‐rigid support on the beam behavior were shown. The results revealed that the semi‐rigid supported beam assembly created can also be used to examine the behavior of frame beams under vertical load. These simple novel experimental setup and simulation tools provided are convenient and useful approaches to demonstrate the structural concepts, including the semi‐rigid support and behavior of beams in a frame structure.
Identification of a genetic signature enriching for response to ibrutinib in relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma in the DAWN phase 2 trial
Authors: Balasubramanian Sriram , Hodkinson Brendan , Schuster Stephen J. , Fowler Nathan H. , Trotman Judith , Hess Georg , Cheson Bruce D. , Schaffer Michael , Sun Steven , Deshpande Sanjay , Vermeulen Jessica , Salles Gilles , Gopal Ajay K. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe single‐arm DAWN trial (NCT01779791) of ibrutinib monotherapy in patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma (FL) showed an overall response rate (ORR) of 20.9% and a median response duration of 19.4 months. This biomarker analysis of the DAWN dataset sought to determine genetic classifiers for prediction of response to ibrutinib treatment.MethodsWhole exome sequencing was performed on baseline tumor samples. Potential germline variants were excluded; a custom set of 1216 cancer‐related genes was examined. Responder‐ versus nonresponder‐associated variants were identified using Fisher's exact test. Classifiers with increasing numbers of genes were created using a greedy algorithm that repeatedly selected genes, adding the most nonresponders to the existing “predicted nonresponders” set and were evaluated with 10‐fold cross‐validation.ResultsExome data were generated from 88 patient samples and 13,554 somatic mutation variants were inferred. Response data were available for 83 patients (17 responders, 66 nonresponders). Each sample showed 100 to >500 mutated genes, with greater variance across nonresponders. The overall variant pattern was consistent with previous FL studies; 75 genes had mutations in >10% of patients, including genes previously reported as associated with FL. Univariate analysis yielded responder‐associated genes FANCA, HISTH1B, ANXA6, BTG1, and PARP10, highlighting the importance of functions outside of B‐cell receptor signaling, including epigenetic processes, DNA damage repair, cell cycle/proliferation, and cell motility/invasiveness. While nonresponder‐associated genes included well‐known TP53 and CARD11, genetic classifiers developed using nonresponder‐associated genes included ATP6AP1, EP400, ARID1A, SOCS1, and TBL1XR1, suggesting resistance to ibrutinib may be related to broad biological functions connected to epigenetic modification, telomere maintenance, and cancer‐associated signaling pathways (mTOR, JAK/STAT, NF‐κB).ConclusionThe results from univariate and genetic classifier analyses provide insights into genes associated with response or resistance to ibrutinib in FL and identify a classifier developed using nonresponder‐associated genes, which warrants further investigation.Trial registration: NCT01779791.
Long‐term evaluation (up to 7 years) of the use of a collagen matrix to treat gingival recession associated with noncarious cervical lesion: Report of two cases
Authors: Nunes Marcelo Pereira , Miguel Manuela Maria Viana , Silveira Renata Cimões Jovino , Ribeiro João Carlos Bittencourt , Santamaria Mauro Pedrine 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionGingival recession (GR) is a relevant clinical condition due to its high prevalence worldwide, which leads to aesthetic demands and dentin hypersensitivity. Collagen matrices have been associated with different designs of coronally advanced flaps (CAFs) to treat GR defects. However, the literature lacks long‐term follow‐up of this treatment option. The aim of this study is to present the long‐term follow‐up (up to 7 years) of two GR defects (associated or not with noncarious cervical lesion) treated with a CAF and a collagen matrix (CM).Case presentationCase 1 underwent a CAF associated with a CM to treat a single GR defect. After 7 years, Case 1 presented with 3 mm of recession reduction, which corresponds with the 85.7% of root coverage. Case 2 presented two GR defects associated with noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs). The NCCLs were partially restored with resin composite and then underwent a modified CAF for multiple defects and a CM. After 5 years of follow‐up, Case 2 presented with 1.5 and 2.5 mm of recession reduction, which corresponds with the average 83.3% defect coverage.ConclusionThese two cases may show that CMs can provide long‐term stable outcomes in the treatment of GR defects.Why is this case new information?

One of the cases is the first one to describe a 7 years of follow‐up after CAF+CM to treat gingival recession defects.
What are the keys to successful management of this case?

Correct material handling.
Adequate restorative protocol and surgical technique.
What are the primary limitations to success in this case?

Diagnose
Patient compliance.
Radial versus femoral secondary access for transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Das Thomas M. , Shin Joseph , Czarny Matthew J. , Nanavati Julie , Resar Jon R. , Hasan Rani K. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the risk of procedural complications after TAVR using secondary radial access (RA) versus femoral access (FA) through a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the published literature.BackgroundTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) entails both large‐bore arterial access for device delivery and secondary arterial access for hemodynamic and imaging assessments. It is unknown whether RA versus FA for this secondary access reduces the risk of procedural complications.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for observational studies comparing TAVR procedural complications in RA versus FA. Event rates were compared via weighted summary odds ratios using the Mantel–Haenszel method.ResultsSix manuscripts encompassing 6132 patients were included. Meta‐analysis showed that RA reduced the risk of major vascular complications (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.43–0.77, p < 0.001, I2 0%) and major/life‐threatening bleeding (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.36–0.59, p < 0.001, I2 0%) as compared to FA for secondary TAVR access. We also observed a reduction 30‐day mortality (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.38–0.79, p = 0.001, I2 0%), acute kidney injury (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.34–0.60, p < 0.001, I2 0%), and stroke and transient ischemic attack (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.27–0.67, p < 0.001, I2 0%).ConclusionsRA reduced the risk of major vascular and bleeding complications when compared to FA for secondary access in TAVR. RA is associated with reduced risk of other adverse outcomes including mortality, but these associations may be related to selection bias and confounding given the observational study designs.
Haemophilus parainfluenzae endocarditis in a low‐risk woman: a case report
Authors: Gagliardi Roberta , Sensi Caterina , Flaminio Giulio , De Canale Ettore , Vettor Roberto , De Carlo Eugenio 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHaemophilus parainfluenzae endocarditis is a rare but dangerous disease. With this work, we intend to show the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment in order to avoid complications. We also highlight the importance of local epidemiology to choose antibiotic prophylaxis for high‐risk procedures in selected predisposed patients.
Selective Synthesis of Bisdimethylamine Derivatives from Diols and an Aqueous Solution of Dimethylamine through Iridium‐Catalyzed Borrowing Hydrogen Pathway
Authors: Jeong Jaeyoung , Fujita Ken‐ichi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBisdimethylamine derivatives are an important class of compounds in the polymer and pharmaceutical industries. However, existing methods for the synthesis of these compounds have several drawbacks such as low selectivity, use of toxic reagents, and generation of waste. In this study, a new system was developed for the selective synthesis of bisdimethylamine derivatives using a diol and dimethylamine as starting materials and an iridium complex bearing an N‐heterocyclic carbene ligand as catalyst. The starting materials were easily available, less toxic, inexpensive, and easy to handle. The reaction proceeded efficiently through a borrowing hydrogen pathway under aqueous conditions, without any additional organic solvent, to afford various bisdimethylamine derivatives in good to excellent yields.