bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical security of quantum key distribution in the presence of side channels
Authors: Sych D , Duplinskiy A , Babukhin D 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Security of quantum key distribution (QKD) is based on fundamental laws of quantum physics. However, the security of QKD implementations is at risk due to various deviations, called side channels, of the real device from the theoretical model. In this work, we discuss the practical ways to avoid the threat of side channels in QKD. We use interference visibility measurement for estimation of distinguishability of quantum signals, and show how to integrate it into the security proof. Our results paves the way towards the development of novel robust QKD schemes.
Explicit attacks on passive side channels of the light source in the BB84 decoy state protocol
Authors: Babukhin D , Sych D 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Various imperfections of the hardware in quantum key distribution (QKD) lead to discrepancies between the theory and real-world devices. An eavesdropper can use these discrepancies to compromise the QKD security, thus legitimate sides need to estimate the influence of imperfections to prevent the loss of security. Here we investigate explicit eavesdropping attacks on passive side channels of the light source for a BB84 decoy states QKD protocol. We consider an optimal phase-covariant cloning attack, followed by unambiguous state discrimination and a joint measurement. Our calculations provide a hint that for state-of-the-art light sources the inherent presence of passive side channels still allows the protocol to be secure, albeit with the reduced secret key rates.
Terahertz spectroscopy of lead-substituted barium hexaferrites Ba1-xPbxFe12O19
Authors: Lukianov M Y , Ahmed A G , Bush A A , Prokhorov A S , Anzin V B , Gorshunov B P , Alyabyeva L N 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Using methods of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy dielectric response of ceramic barium hexaferrites substituted with lead (Ba1-xPbxFe12O19, x = 0.00-0.30) was studied in the frequency range of 3-110 cm1 and at temperatures from 5 to 300 K. Obtained spectra are presented by a rich set of lines of different nature, i.e. excitations associated with electronic transitions within the fine-structure components of Fe2+ ions, A2u soft optical phonon, and ferroelectric-like soft mode. The frequency of the soft mode reveals power-law temperature variation vSM ∼ (T-Tc)025
, which indicates a potential phase transition atrc. Analysis shows that Tc
approaches zero for the concentrations x = 0.20-0.25.
In situ reflection electron microscopy for investigation of surface processes on Bi2Se3(0001)
Authors: Ponomarev S A , Rogilo D I , Kurus N N , Basalaeva L S , Kokh K A , Milekhin A G , Sheglov D V , Latyshev A V 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The sublimation and van der Waals (vdW) epitaxy on Bi2Se3(0001) surface have been first visualized using in situ reflection electron microscopy. When Bi2Se3(0001) surface was exposed to a Se molecular beam (up to 0.1 nm/s) and heated to ∼400°C, we observed ascending motion of atomic steps corresponding to congruent Bi2Se3 sublimation. During the sublimation, grooves made by probe lithography act as sources of atomic steps: groove depth increases and generates atomic steps that move in the ascending direction away from the source. We used this phenomenon to create self-organized regularly-spaced zigzag atomic steps having 1 nm height on the Bi2Se3(0001) surface. The deposition of Bi (up to ∼0.01 nm/s) onto the Bi2Se3(0001) surface at constant Se flux (up to ∼0.1 nm/s) reversed the direction of the step flow, and vdW epitaxy was observed. The deposition of In and Se onto the Bi2Se3(0001) surface at ∼400°C led to the epitaxial growth of layered In2Se3. This vdW heteroepitaxy started with 2D island nucleation and, after 3–5 nm growth, continued with a screw-dislocation-driven formation of 3D islands. Ex situ Raman scattering measurements have shown that the grown 20-nm-thick In2Se3 film exhibits vibrational modes that originate from the β-In2Se3 crystal phase.
Study of long-term changes in visible-light transmittance of porous alumina membranes
Authors: Muratova E N , Nalimova S S , Moshnikov V A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The paper presents a study of the optical properties of porous alumina membranes obtained by electrochemical anodizing in electrolytes based on sulfuric and orthophosphoric acids. The pore size was analyzed by SEM. The degradation of transmittance of membranes after one year and six years storage was studied. The change one year later in optical properties was explained by the adsorption of water molecules. Six years later, an increase in throughput is observed for all membranes. At present, there are no theoretical models that can explain obtained experimental results and additional studies in this area are necessary.
Model order reduction using logarithmic assembly technique and second cauer form for power system models
Authors: Singh Rahul , Singh Anurag , Singh Jay , Kumar Jitendra 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Power system is broad, wide and complex area to do research therefore, for reducing complexity; there is an enormous possibility of simplification of large system in the field of science and technology. Hence, this paper presents a new vital advance methodology a mixed-demand reduction that uses logarithmic assembly technique and the second Cauer form to minimize the order of multivariate feed systems on a large scale power system. Model order reduction technique helps to reduce the large scale power system into an approximate small scale model without changing the inherent property of the actual system. A multi-boundary model of the low-order model is achieved by utilizing new methodology for the aggregation of the pound called the logarithmic mass of the poles, while the numeral coefficients are obtained in the second form of Cauer. The usefulness of the anticipated technique has been tested on two-area power system models.
FLC based speed control of Induction Motor
Authors: Singh Anurag , Dipraj  , Singh Dhananjay , Yadav Ambica 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Speed control of induction motor is utilized for blowers, fans and many other applications. AC voltage regulators are used in induction motors to arrange the speed. This technique features the shrewd controllers such as the Fuzzy controller ac voltage controllers to produce the firing signals for thyristors concerning a given operating torque, speed of the motor, and the load. Fuzzy models have been intended to accomplish the proposed calculation. MATLAB/SIMULINK is utilized to reproduce the proposed strategies. The upside of such controller is its straightforwardness, security, and high precision contrasted with the regular numerical figuring of the firing signals which is a complex and tedious errand particularly in online control applications. The significant attribute of the FLC system is to improve robustness. The mathematical model of the drive framework is created utilizing the phase variable model. The created model is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK; since it provides a convenient tool to analyze the system precisely so the outcomes obtained are very satisfactory and promising.
The Lightweight Algorithm for Secure RFID Au-thentication System
Authors: Haribaabu V , James Jospeh , Samy Selvakumara , Singh Nilesh , Upadhyay Aparna 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the milieu of IOT, the entities in our habitual ex-istence have turned to be a component of the Inter-net due to their excelling communication and com-puting competencies that let them to correspond with another object. Progression in ICT i.e. Infor-mation and communication technologies, has es-corted to the surfacing of IoT. The application of IoT technologies fetches expediency to doctors and patients in Healthcare environment as they can be concerned to numerous fields of medicine. Radio-frequency Identification Devices (RFID) is the ma-jorly famous wireless communication technologies applied in the field of IoT as they could amass in-sightful data, used for wireless communication with another object, and locate and follow specific enti-ties without human interventions. In order to pro-vide enhanced security and performance to RFID authentication scheme Elliptic Curve Cryptography is being applied. An RFID has 3 entities: RFID tag, reader and server. Since the channel of communication amid the RFID tag and RFID reader is unsafe since the data exchange takes place wirelessly and adversary could snare the data easily. Thus to pro-tect RFID tag data we are using data perturbation which is a form of privacy safeguarding data mining for electronic health information’s. Inside this paper, we confer the requirements of security for RFID authentication schemes with a comparative study on RSA, and in precise, we put forward an appraisal of ECC-based RFID authentication methods on the basis of security and performance..
Analytical Study of Renewable Energy Technologies in Vaishali District of Bihar-Schemes, Barriers and Future Scope
Authors: Zahra Talat , Ahmad Zeeshan , Bajpai Shrish , Chandel Vishal Singh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Present paper deals in with the current status of the renewable energy in the city of Vaishali, Bihar, a state of India. Although India has adopted several renewable energy technologies but the majority of people residing in the country are unaware of this emerging environment friendly technology which is composed of large renewable energy based power plants but due to lack of awareness in people, its usage is very limited. There are several government sponsor schemes and subsidies provided by the government of India.
RETRACTED: Smart Grid: A Sustainable Smart Approach
Authors: Saxena Vivek , Kumar Narendra , Nangia Uma 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the modern power system, smart grid structure is getting admiration and edify a path of complete greener way of energy generation. This paper highlights each aspects of this framework to justify the energy demand in a sheltered, economical, trustworthy and environmental manner even the absence of storage structure at large level. It also facilitates the simultaneous objectives of demand monitoring and control with the amalgamation of renewable distributed generation having smart devices and storage system. A comprehensive review has been demonstrated with the smart operations unlike traditional power grid even the presence of some limitations for the establishment of advanced grid-based power network. The analysis presented in this paper is driven by the eventuality of relic fuel calamity, ecological contamination, diminution of electrical energy, enlargement necessity of power system, newness to emergent trends in proficient energy utilization and regularly increasing electricity bill. Objective of this presentation is to review and examine the different aspects of smart grid framework for the progression of generation companies and consumer with reference to its development and advancement report, techno-economical contests, conceivable benefits and future scope..
An Efficient Spam SMS Analysis Model based on Multinomial Naïve Bayes model Using Passive Aggressive Algorithm
Authors: Shobana J. , Kanchana D. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The social media can be a platform for information consumption nowadays. On the one hand, it’s free of cost, easy access, and different data dissemination lead people to hunt out and consume social media news. On the contrary, it allows for the broad spread of “spams,” i.e., inferiority news with deliberately false information. The widespread spread of spams has the potential for very negative impacts on people and society. Consequently, the detection of spam on social media has recently become an important research that draws tremendous attention. NLP, an artificial intelligence (AI) division, uses computers and human natural language to produce useful data. In text classification activities, such as spam detection and sentiment analysis, text generation, language translations and document classification, NLP is widely used.
Experiences of college teachers with visual disability us-ing AT and AI based solutions in India: Benefits, Issues, Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Sharma Princi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The study explores various issues related to usage of Assistive Technologies and Artificial Intelligence based solutions by college teachers with visual disabilities for teaching and academic purposes. Existing academic work indicate that these technologies have supported and transformed the lives of people with disabilities and particularly people with visual disabilities but also posed several challenges and limitations. This research examines real time issues encountered by the col-lege professors with visual disabilities using such technologies and suggest measures for implications for future development of such technologies. This study goes beyond describing, analyzing and theorizing the benefits and limita-tion of Assistive technologies and Artificial Intelligence based solutions for col-lege teachers with visual disabilities and attempt to address larger issues of acces-sibility, inclusiveness, consideration of local context for such technologies and aim to improve the agency of such users. For this purpose, a qualitative study has been undertaken to explore the experiences, concerns and suggestions regarding the research issue. I have used semi-structured interviews as tools to analyze the impact of these technologies. This study sits at the intersection of technological innovations and disability studies..
Development of Auto Photo Biomodular Therapy Robot
Authors: Umamaheswari S. , Ananth Vijay , Reddy Mallidi Manikandha , Rajan Mathew , Kumar Reshmi S , shaji Ruban 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Automatic photo bio-modular therapeutic robot is a device which radiates infrared light to the muscles with chronic pain, muscle spasms, joint pains etc. with the help of x-y robotic plotter. The robot uses the x-y robotic plotter for the motion of infrared bulb, thus offering the bulb an omnidirectional mobility. In contrast to traditional system of therapy, this device uses a robotic arm to perform the infrared therapy and minimize the human interaction and reducing the time. Also with the help of thermal camera we can pinpoint the pain area to the exact spot and sent the coordinate to the xy robotic arm. This project adopts a model-based approach for combining infrared therapy with automation. Various pilot experiments were performed during the proceedings to study the movement of the infrared bulb and some mechanical modifications were done to overcome the constrains of the xy robotic arm. The results of the model which was built and is compared with the real-time behaviour of the system and its significance is analysed. A control algorithm is built in a micro-controller and tested for optimal results. At the moment, this device is a new concepts. The advantage of this type of mobile robot is its Omni-directional capabilities and reduction of human interaction with the patient which could prove to be useful in hospitals which are trying to reduce the manual labour and time of interaction between the doctors and the patients. For instance, infrared light is a best mode of therapy because it penetrates to the inner layers of the skin at about 3-7 centimetres deep. Thus it can be applied to muscles, nerve points and bones for efficient treatment. Studies show that infrared light with wavelengths ranging from 700 to 1000 nanometres can be used to treat inflammatory conditions and muscle spasms.
Enrichment of Biogas by Microalgal Scrubbing System and Value added Products Synthesis
Authors: Sreelakshmi Kizhakke Puthvaridam , Sarma Shaswati , Choudhury Shivalika , Nirmal Louis Anto , Jacob Samuel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Biogas is composed of CH4 (50-60%) and CO2 (40-50%), therefore scrubbing (removal) of CO2 from biogas is imperative as high concentration of it reduces the calorific value and limits its end application. Problems associated with physiochemical process can be alleviated through microalgae as they are efficient in utilizing the CO2 as its carbon source that can be technically termed as CO2 sequestration. This study aims to apply the use of a microalgae CO2 capturing system using Chlorella sorokiniana and Scenedesmus obliquus that have higher photosynthetic capacity and sequestration of carbon dioxide subsequently and transforming into biomass. Chlorella sorokiniana had a total biomass yield of 1.59 g/L and 1.98 g/L for unpurged and purged respectively. Scenedesmus obliquus on the other had a better yield over Chlorella sorokiniana with an overall biomass of 1.7 g/L for unpurged and 2.4 g/l under mixotrophic condition. Upon analysis of lipid content in the biomass, the cultures that were grown under mixotrophic condition were found to yield 3.45 and 3.28 fold higher as compared to unpurged sample in Chlorella and Scenedesmus respectively. Under purged conditions, Chlorella sorokiniana had the maximum yield of 5.5 mg/g of vitamin E compared to Scenedesmus obliquus with a comparatively lower yield of 2.32 mg/g. Overall, the increase in the specific growth rate and doubling time indicated that a better adaptability and utilization of carbon source in the purged sample which was provided in the form of 50% citric acid and carbon dioxide. This provides evidence in support of Chlorella sorokiniana for having a higher potential in the area of nutraceuticals. Along with purifying the biogas produced from an anaerobic digester fed with food waste.
A novel approach of inspection methodology in fabrication industry post COVID-19
Authors: Yadav Manoj Kumar , Gambhava Darshan , Kumar Lalit , Singh Shailendra P 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The virus SARS-COV2 also known as COVID-19 is a pandemic that affecting the entire world. During this tough time, all the industries, manufacturing units, and the related entities are either closed or partially open. During this pandemic, the fabrication industry is also got affected. During the lockdown, industry people are going through various internet platforms and technology to accomplish their work. The fabrication and welding inspection are also part of it. Conventionally it was done physically by inspectors. inspecting the weld. But, during this tough time, some new methodologies of inspection such as the use of the high-resolution camera, use of Industry 4.0, and smart glasses are suggested in this paper for various fabrication inspection activities without going to the site. The cost of the inspection also can be reduced by adopting these new approaches along with the demand for maintenance of social distancing needed during COVID-19.
Functionally Graded Material Coatings (FGMC) – A Review
Authors: Ranjan Prabhat , Kumar Rajesh , Walia R. S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The coatings are substances that are applied over the surface of an object to prevent it from wear, tarnish and corrosion. Coatings maintain the properties of base metals (thermal, optical and electrical) over a long duration of time. The coatings are generally characterized by the properties like good adhesion, low porosity and substrate compatibility that include geometry and temperature. Coatings often suffer from problems like variable thermal expansion coefficient compared to their base metals. To overcome the variable thermal expansion issue, the functionally graded material (FGM) layers may be imposed. Present work aims to study the FGM coatings capable of enhancing the mechanical, thermal and tribological properties of base metals by providing scratch resistance. An attempt has been made to present a comprehensive review of high-velocity-oxy-fuel, plasma spray and other techniques adopted by industries and other groups. The effects of applying FGM coatings on the operating conditions and the performance of the base metals are also covered in detail.
New insights on temperature dependent electrical properties of samarium doped tin oxide thin films
Authors: Bakiya Lakshmi R. , Umamaheswari S. , Vimala Juliet A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Samarium doped tin oxide (SmDTO) nano particles were synthesized and deposited in the form of thin film by RF sputtering and was characterized using XRD and SEM. XRD images revealed the crystalline nature of tin oxide and reduced peak intensities in doped samples. SEM micrographs showed fine granular nature of tin oxide, mostly spherical and well isolated grains and slight agglomerations in doped sample. The current – voltage behavior of samarium doped tin oxide thin film was investigated using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Temperature dependent EIS was performed on 0.5% SmDTO thin films to analyze the effect of doping on its charge transfer resistance. Due to doping, the charge carrier concentration improved surface conduction in SnO2 thin films which was reflected as a steady and gradual decrease in the charge transfer resistance.
Research on Visual Recognition Method of Unmanned Driving Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Qingyong Liu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Visual recognition is an important part of unmanned driving technology. With the development of computer technology, the application of deep learning in the field of unmanned driving has been promoted. This article uses Raspberry Pi to build a car with a camera, uses deep learning technology to recognize the acquired image information, and optimizes the structure and parameters of the convolutional neural networks, and finally makes the efficiency of car recognition as high as possible.
Research on image classification algorithm based on depth residuals shrinkage network in Commercial Image Library
Authors: Zhao Jiantao , Chen Wenxin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
With the advent of the age of multimedia technology and image data, commercial image library services have emerged. We need to use image classification to parse into content that the computer can understand. But when recognizing image features for classification, image data will inevitably produce noise, so in order to make image classification more accurate, we need to remove information that is irrelevant to noise. The Deep Residual Shrinkage Network (DRSN) proposed in this paper can effectively denoise images, and then learn features to classify images. The Deep Residual Shrinkage Network (DRSN) combines the Deep Residual Network (ResNet) and the SENet commonly used in the attention mechanism, and adds a soft threshold function to it. The image data set used in this experiment was downloaded from Panorama Network and Baidu Pictures and then processed. In the experiment, noise was first manually added to the data set, and the deep residual network and the deep residual shrinkage network were used for comparison experiments. It is concluded through experiments that the improved DRSN network has higher accuracy when applied to image classification.
Design of a robot target recognition system based on deep learning algorithms
Authors: Zhang Hanming , Yin Tingting , Sun Hao , Pu Jin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Due to the poor multi-scale conversion of matching models constructed by traditional systems, resulting in a poor recognition rate of robot target recognition systems, the design of a robot target recognition system based on deep learning algorithms is investigated. In the hardware design, an image collector is used to collect image information. In the software design, the image acquisition program is set up, the image information is pre-processed, the matching model is constructed based on the deep learning algorithm, the image features are extracted at multiple scales, and the target is recognised using image smoothing and denoising techniques. The experimental results show that the average recognition rate of the designed system is 96.2%, and the average recognition rate of the traditional system is 89.4%, the recognition rate is improved by 6.8%, and the robot target recognition system designed based on deep learning algorithm has better recognition effect and adapts to various recognition environments.