bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pocket closure and residual pockets after non‐surgical periodontal therapy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Citterio Filippo , Gualini Giacomo , Chang Moontaek , Piccoli Gian Marco , Giraudi Marta , Manavella Valeria , Baima Giacomo , Mariani Giulia Maria , Romano Federica , Aimetti Mario 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimTo analyse the efficacy of non‐surgical therapy (NST) in terms of pocket closure (PC) and changes in percentage and number of pockets.Materials and MethodsThree databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus) were searched up to January 2020. Prospective studies with a minimum follow‐up of 12 months and presenting data in terms of PC or number or percentage of pocket depths (PDs) before and after NST on systemically healthy patients were included. Random‐effect meta‐analyses were performed.ResultsAfter screening 4610 titles and abstracts, 27 studies were included. Of these, 63.9% of PC was reported by one study. The percentage of PDs ≤3 mm changed from 39.06% to 64.11% with a weighted mean difference (WMD) of 26.14% (p < .001). This accounted for a relative increase of healthy sites of 64.13%. The mean percentage of PD ≥5 mm was 28.23% and 11.71% before and after treatment, respectively, with a WMD of 15.50% (p < .001). The WMD in the number of PDs ≥5 mm before and after treatment was 24.42 (p = .036). The mean number of residual PPD ≥5 after NST was 14.13.ConclusionsNST is able to eradicate the majority of the pockets. However, residual pockets after NST may remain and should be considered cautiously for further treatment planning.
An ultrasound‐assisted extraction system to accelerate production of Mhiskey, a rice spirit‐based product, inside oak barrel: Total phenolics, color, and energy consumption
Authors: Gavahian Mohsen , Chu Rachael , Ratchaneesiripap Paphawarin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRice spirit‐based (RSB) products, such as rice wine, are commonly used in several Asian cuisines. While RSB can be enriched with phenolic compounds (e.g., through extraction from oak barrel) to develop a healthier product with a new flavor, such a process is expected to be time‐consuming. At the same time, the culinary and adult beverage industry demands approaches for developing innovative products based on affordable alternatives to barley. Therefore, an ultrasound‐based system was set up in a 10‐L oak barrel to develop a new RSB product that referred to as “Mhiskey” in this study. The system was run at 0, 275, and 550 W, and changes in total phenolics, color values (L*, a*, b*, color intensity, and overall color changes), pH, and degrees Brix were studied during the extraction process. According to the results, this system reduced the extraction time, enhanced the total phenolic compounds, and produced a Mhiskey with similar physical properties to those of the conventional method. Increasing sonication power reduced the extraction time significantly but did not affect the specific energy consumption. In terms of total phenolics, the final products had up to 162 mg GAE per L sample. This new system is scalable and can be implemented in the industry after further economic and technical evaluations. Furthermore, the product developed in the present study might be evaluated for commercialization (e.g., for culinary purposes) after sensory and market research.Practical applicationsThis study proposed a new extraction system based on ultrasound technology that can be used to process rice spirit‐based (RSB). The system is scalable and can be adopted in the industry to reduce the processing time which can provide benefits for wineries. Also, the energy consumption can be reduced by optimizing the processing parameters. The technical information reported in this work can also be used as a base for process optimization at an industrial scale. At the same time, the final product of this process, that is, Mhiskey, has the potential to be sold in the market at a competitive price.
Early detection of hearing loss for infants in Western Australia: Comparison to international benchmarks
Authors: Reid Allison , Firns Sarah , Tao Karina , Maywood Erin , Herbert Hayley , Mulders Wilhemina A M , Kuthubutheen Jafri , Brennan‐Jones Christopher 
Published: September 2021

AimTo assess the degree to which timely audiological assessment of congenital hearing loss is achieved at our institution ‐ Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, and to review cases which breached this timeframe in order to address barriers to timely assessment. The benchmark used to determine timely assessment is that set out by The Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) in which diagnostic audiological testing occurs by three months of age for those who do not pass newborn hearing screening.MethodsA retrospective chart review of infants who underwent diagnostic auditory assessment at Perth Children's Hospital between 2016‐2019. A total of 151 children were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria and their medical files were reviewed. Time to first dABR was the time point for whether testing was achieved within the 3 month timeframe.ResultsOf the 151 children who underwent dABR assessments, 1 was identified as having breached the 90 day time limit (tested on day 91) for which no valid reason for delay could be identified. The timely delivery of dABR assessments in 99.3% of cases within this cohort compares favourably with the literature.ConclusionsConclusion Timely diagnostic audiological assessment is achievable for children with congenital hearing loss. The reasons for patients breaching this timeframe are explored in the paper along with factors which may help avoid delays.
Systemic causes of non‐dermatologic chronic pruritus in the pediatric population and their management: An unexplored area
Authors: Gurnani Pooja , Miloh Tamir , Chandar Jayanthi , Landau Daniel A. , Hajjar Fouad , Yosipovitch Gil 
Published: September 2021

AbstractChronic pruritus associated with systemic diseases in the pediatric population has been infrequently addressed in the literature. This review focuses on chronic pruritus presenting without cutaneous manifestations. Common systemic etiologies include diseases with hepatic, renal, and hematologic origins. This encompasses several congenital liver disorders, end‐stage renal disease (ESRD), and lymphoproliferative disorders such as Hodgkin's lymphoma. In this paper, an expert panel describes the clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and therapeutic treatment ladders for chronic pruritus associated with the aforementioned systemic etiologies. Novel therapies are also reviewed. Our aim is to shed light on this unexplored area of pediatric dermatology and instigate further research.
Analysis of over‐the‐counter products marketed to treat molluscum contagiosum
Authors: Ong Samantha K. , Hoft Isaac , Siegfried Elaine 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMany over‐the‐counter (OTC) products are marketed to treat molluscum contagiosum, a common childhood viral infection with an estimated point prevalence of 5%‐11%. As optimal treatment has not been defined, a comprehensive internet search was performed to identify OTC products marketed for treating molluscum and to collect information on packaging, ingredients, application instructions, and dosing. Nine OTC products were identified and varied widely in cost, packaging size, and ingredients; six of the nine products contained Thuja occidentalis. Overall, the majority of OTC package labels do not include sufficient information about their plant‐based ingredients or appropriate dosing.
Successful treatment of a 3‐year‐old girl with generalized pustular psoriasis using secukinumab monotherapy
Authors: Zhu Huiying , Song Pingping , Du Donghong , Tian Hongqing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report a case of a 3‐year‐old girl with generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) and a compound heterozygous mutation within the IL36 receptor antagonist (IL36RN) gene at c.28C>T and c.115+6T>C, who was successfully treated using secukinumab monotherapy. The first dose of secukinumab (150 mg) was administered subcutaneously, followed by 75 mg of secukinumab subcutaneously once weekly for 4 weeks and then 75 mg every 4 weeks. The total course of treatment was 4 months, with a total of 8 doses. A PASI score of 75 and 100 was achieved at weeks 1 and 2, respectively, and maintained for 11 months of follow‐up, without disease recurrence or adverse events.
Analysis of the gut microbiome in dogs and cats
Authors: Suchodolski Jan S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe gut microbiome is an important immune and metabolic organ. Intestinal bacteria produce various metabolites that influence the health of the intestine and other organ systems, including kidney, brain, and heart. Changes in the microbiome in diseased states are termed dysbiosis. The concept of dysbiosis is constantly evolving and includes changes in microbiome diversity and/or structure and functional changes (eg, altered production of bacterial metabolites). Molecular tools are now the standard for microbiome analysis. Sequencing of microbial genes provides information about the bacteria present and their functional potential but lacks standardization and analytical validation of methods and consistency in the reporting of results. This makes it difficult to compare results across studies or for individual clinical patients. The Dysbiosis Index (DI) is a validated quantitative PCR assay for canine fecal samples that measures the abundance of seven important bacterial taxa and summarizes the results as one single number. Reference intervals are established for dogs, and the DI can be used to assess the microbiome in clinical patients over time and in response to therapy (eg, fecal microbiota transplantation). In situ hybridization or immunohistochemistry allows the identification of mucosa‐adherent and intracellular bacteria in animals with intestinal disease, especially granulomatous colitis. Future directions include the measurement of bacterial metabolites in feces or serum as markers for the appropriate function of the microbiome. This article summarizes different approaches to the analysis of gut microbiota and how they might be applicable to research studies and clinical practice in dogs and cats.
Self-Identification of Cable-Driven Exoskeleton Based on Asynchronous Iterative Method
Authors: Ji Yuhan , Chen Weihai , Zhang Jianbin , Li Zhongyi , Fang Zaojun , Yang Guilin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The upper limb rehabilitation exoskeleton with cable-driven parallel structure has the advantages of light weight and large payload, etc. However, due to the non-rigid nature of the actuating cables and the different body shape of the wearer, the geometric parameters of the exoskeleton have a large error. The parameter identification of cable-driven exoskeleton is of great significance. An asynchronous self-identification method for the upper limb seven degree-of-freedom (DOF) cable-driven exoskeleton was proposed and used in a wearable multi-redundant exoskeleton. Asynchronous iteration eliminates the accumulation of joint errors. High identification reliability is achieved by selecting proper identification parameters and optimizing error model.With the method, the geometric parameters of the exoskeleton can be identified by using exoskeleton joint angle and cable length data. The experiment verifies that the success rate of parameter identification for different wearers is in line with expectations, and the control precision and stability of the prototype are greatly improved after parameter identification.
Visually Quantifiable Test Piece for Five-Axis Machine Tools Thermal Effects
Authors: Huang Nuodi , Zhang Yang , Zhu Limin , Ibaraki Soichi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Thermal deviation induced by ambient temperature changes and heat generated during machine operations influences the accuracy of machine tools. A thermal test is essential to evaluate the influence of thermal deviation. ISO 230-3 provides displacement sensor-based thermal tests for machine tools. This paper proposes a machining test that enables a user to visually, by the naked eye, observe the integrated thermal influence on the tool trajectory's displacement in the direction normal to the test piece surface from the length of the machined slots. The proposed test consists of the machining of the five surfaces to observe the thermal influence of the tool position with respect to the test piece in X, Y, and Z directions, as well as the position of two rotary axes with respect to the tool position. The advantages of the proposed test include that it requires no measuring instrument to quantitatively evaluate the thermal error in all directions. And since the thermal influence is evaluated by observing the position where the cutting tool leaves the test piece surface, where the cutting force is zero, the influence of the cutting force on the test results can be ignored. Thermal influences of a five-axis machine tool during the warm-up cycle are investigated by experiment to validate the feasibility of the proposed method. Results show that 150 min is needed for sufficient warm-up for the selected machine tool if permissible tolerance for thermal deviation is 2.5 µm for all the errors.
Reliability, Validity, and Performance Characteristics of Elite Adolescent Athletes at Different Stages of Maturity in the 10 to 5 Repeated Jump Test
Authors: Baker James , Shillabeer Barry , Brandner Christopher , Graham-Smith Philip , Mills Patrick , Read Paul 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To examine the reliability, validity, and performance characteristics of the 10 to 5 repeated jump test (10–5 RJT) in adolescent male athletes. The 10–5 RJT has been shown to be a valid and reliable test of reactive strength index (RSI) in older adolescents (age 17–19 y), but less is known in younger adolescent athletes at different stages of maturity. Methods: Athletes (age 11–17 y) completed the 10–5 RJT on 2 days, 1 week apart, to examine the reliability (n = 41), validity (n = 18) of the test. Athletes were classified as pre, circa, or post peak height velocity (PHV) height velocity using maturity offset to examine the effect of maturation status on RSI, flight time (FT), ground contact time (GCT), and jump height (JH) (n = 68) using a cross-sectional design. Results: Paired samples t tests showed no significant differences (P ≥ .05), and Bland–Altman analysis showed no bias and close limits of agreement for RSI, JH, FT, and GCT between the contact mat and force plate. Interday reliability was rated excellent for RSI (intraclass correlation coefficient = .91) and good for GCT, FT, and JH (intraclass correlation coefficient = .81–.85). All variables had a coefficient of variation ≤ 10%. RSI increased across maturation groups, with significant differences between pre-PHV and post-PHV groups (P = .014, d = 1.00). Conclusion: The 10–5 RJT is a valid and reliable test for adolescent male athletes. Greater RSI with advancing maturity was primarily due to increased FT and JH, with GCT remaining similar.
Reexamining the Association of AmpC Variants with Enterobacter Species in the Context of Updated Taxonomy
Authors: Feng Yu , Hu Ya , Zong Zhiyong 
Published: September 2021

We performed whole-genome sequencing for 17
Enterobacter
clinical strains and analyzed all available
Enterobacter
genomes and those of its closely related genera (
n
= 3,389) from NCBI. The exact origins of plasmid-borne
bla
CMH
and
bla
MIR
genes are
Enterobacter cloacae
and
Enterobacter roggenkampii
, respectively, while plasmid-borne
bla
ACT
genes originated from multiple other
Enterobacter
species, including
Enterobacter xiangfangensis
,
Enterobacter hoffmannii
,
Enterobacter asburiae
,
Enterobacter ludwigii
, and
Enterobacter kobei
.
Determinants of losses in the latent tuberculosis infection cascade of care in Brazil
Authors: Souza Alexandra Brito , Arriaga María B , Amorim Gustavo , Araújo-Pereira Mariana , Nogueira Betânia M F , Queiroz Artur T L , Figueiredo Marina C , Rocha Michael S , Benjamin Aline , Moreira Adriana S R , Oliveira Jamile G , Rolla Valeria , Durovni Betina , Lapa e Silva José R , Kritski Afrânio L , Cavalcante Solange , Sterling Timothy , Andrade Bruno B , Cordeiro-Santos Marcelo 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionFactors associated with losses in the latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) cascade of care in contacts of patients with tuberculosis (TB) were investigated in a multicentre prospective cohort from highly endemic regions in Brazil.MethodsClose contacts of 1187 patients with culture-confirmed pulmonary TB were prospectively studied between 2015 and 2019, with follow-up of 6–24 months. Data on TB screening by clinical investigation, radiographic examination and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) were collected. Multivariable regressions were used to identify determinants of losses in the LTBI cascade.ResultsAmong 4145 TB contacts initially identified, 1901 were examined (54% loss). Among those examined, 933 were people living with HIV, ≤5 years old and/or had positive IGRA results, and therefore had a recommendation to start TB preventive treatment (TPT). Of those, 454 (23%) initiated treatment, and 247 (54% of those initiating; 26% of those in whom treatment was recommended) completed TPT. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that living with HIV, illiteracy and black/pardo(brown) race were independently associated with losses in the cascade.ConclusionThere were losses at all LTBI cascade stages, but particularly at the initial screening and examination steps. Close contacts of low socioeconomic status and living with HIV were at heightened risk of not completing the LTBI cascade of care in Brazil.
Trends in high deductible health plan enrolment and spending among commercially insured members with and without chronic conditions: a Natural Experiment for Translation in Diabetes (NEXT-D2) Study
Authors: Garabedian Laura F , Zhang Fang , LeCates Robert , Wallace Jamie , Ross-Degnan Dennis , Wharam James F 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesTo examine trends in high deductible health plan (HDHP) enrolment among members with diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with healthy members and compare out-of-pocket (OOP) and total spending for members with chronic conditions in HDHPs versus low deductible plans.DesignDescriptive study with time trends.SettingA large national commercial insurance database.Participants1.2 million members with diabetes, 4.5 million members with CVD (without diabetes) and 18 million healthy members (defined by a low comorbidity score) under the age of 65 years and insured between 2005 and 2013.Outcome measuresPercentage of members in an HDHP (ie, annual deductible ≥$1000) by year, annual mean OOP and total spending, adjusted for member sociodemographic and employer characteristics.ResultsEnrolment in HDHPs among members in all disease categories increased by 5 percentage points a year and was over 50% by 2013. On average, over the study period, HDHP enrolment among members with diabetes and CVD was 2.84 (95% CI: 2.78 to 2.90) and 2.02 (95% CI: 1.98 to 2.05) percentage points lower, respectively, than among healthy members. HDHP members with diabetes, CVD and low morbidity had higher annual OOP costs ($636 (95% CI: 630 to 642), $539 (95% CI: 537 to 542) and $113 (95% CI: 112 to 113)) and lower total costs (−$529 (95% CI: −597 to −461), −$364 (95% CI: −385 to −342) and −$79 (95% CI: −81 to −76)), respectively, than corresponding low deductible members when averaged over the study period. Members with chronic diseases had yearly OOP expenditures that were five to seven times higher than healthier members.ConclusionHigh HDHP enrolment coupled with the high OOP costs associated with HDHPs may be particularly detrimental to the financial well-being of people with diabetes and CVD, who have more healthcare needs than healthier populations.
Family refusal of eye tissue donation from potential solid organ donors: a retrospective analysis of summary and free-text data from the UK National Health Service Blood and Transplant Services (NHS-BT) National Referral Centre (1 April 2014 to 31 March 2017)
Authors: Bracher Mike , Madi-Segwagwe Banyana C , Winstanley Emma , Gillan Helen , Long-Sutehall Tracy 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesLong-standing undersupply of eye tissue exists both in the UK and globally, and the UK National Health Service Blood and Transplant Service (NHSBT) has called for further research exploring barriers to eye donation. This study aims to: (1) describe reported reasons for non-donation of eye tissue from solid organ donors in the UK between 1 April 2014 and 31 March 2017 and (2) discuss these findings with respect to existing theories relating to non-donation of eyes by family members.DesignSecondary analysis of a national primary data set of recorded reasons for non-donation of eyes from 2790 potential solid organ donors. Data analysis including descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis of free-text data for 126 recorded cases of family decline of eye donation.SettingNational data set covering solid organ donation (secondary care).Participants2790 potential organ donors were assessed for eye donation eligibility between 1 April 2014 and 31 March 2017.ResultsReasons for non-retrieval of eyes were recorded as: family wishes (n=1339, 48% of total cases); medical reasons (n=841, 30%); deceased wishes (n=180, 7%). In >50% of recorded cases, reasons for non-donation were based on family’s knowledge of the deceased wishes, their perception of the deceased wishes and specific concerns regarding processes or effects of eye donation (for the deceased body). Findings are discussed with respect to the existing theoretical perspectives.ConclusionEye donation involves distinct psychological and sociocultural factors for families and HCPs that have not been fully explored in research or integrated into service design. We propose areas for future research and service development including potential of only retrieving corneal discs as opposed to full eyes to reduce disfigurement concerns; public education regarding donation processes; exploration of how request processes potentially influence acceptance of eye donation; procedures for assessment of familial responses to information provided during consent conversations.