bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward a Better Understanding of the Intention to Use mHealth Apps: Exploratory Study
Authors: Palos-Sanchez Pedro R , Saura Jose Ramon , Rios Martin Miguel Ángel , Aguayo-Camacho Mariano 
Published: May 2021

Background
An increasing number of mobile health (mHealth) apps are becoming available for download and use on mobile devices. Even with the increase in availability and use of mHealth apps, there has still not been a lot of research into understanding the intention to use this kind of apps.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate a technology acceptance model (TAM) that has been specially designed for primary health care applications.

Methods
The proposed model is an extension of the TAM, and was empirically tested using data obtained from a survey of mHealth app users (n=310). The research analyzed 2 additional external factors: promotion of health and health benefits. Data were analyzed with a PLS–SEM software and confirmed that gender moderates the adoption of mHealth apps in Spain. The explanatory capacity (R2 for behavioral intention to use) of the proposed model was 76.4%. Likewise, the relationships of the external constructs of the extended TAM were found to be significant.

Results
The results show the importance of healthy habits developed by using mHealth apps. In addition, communication campaigns for these apps should be aimed at transferring the usefulness of eHealth as an agent for transforming attitudes; additionally, as more health benefits are obtained, ease of use becomes greater. Perceived usefulness (PU; β=.415, t0.001;4999=3.442, P=.001), attitude toward using (β=.301, t0.01;499=2.299, P=.02), and promotion of health (β=.210, t0.05;499=2.108, P=.03) were found to have a statistically significant impact on behavior intention to use eHealth apps (R2=76.4%). Perceived ease of use (PEOU; β=.179, t0.01;499=2.623, P=.009) and PU (β=.755, t0.001;499=12.888, P<.001) were found to have a statistically significant impact on attitude toward using (R2>=78.2%). Furthermore, PEOU (β=.203, t0.01;499=2.810, P=.005), health benefits (β=.448, t0.001;499=4.010, P<.001), and promotion of health (β=.281, t0.01;499=2.393, P=.01) exerted a significant impact on PU (R2=72.7%). Finally, health benefits (β=.640, t0.001;499=14.948, P<.001) had a statistically significant impact on PEOU (R2=40.9%), while promotion of health (β=.865, t0.001;499=29.943, P<.001) significantly influenced health benefits (R2=74.7%).

Conclusions
mHealth apps could be used to predict the behavior of patients in the face of recommendations to prevent pandemics, such as COVID-19 or SARS, and to track users’ symptoms while they stay at home. Gender is a determining factor that influences the intention to use mHealth apps, so perhaps different interfaces and utilities could be designed according to gender.
Implementation of Telehealth Services at the US Department of Veterans Affairs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Der-Martirosian Claudia , Wyte-Lake Tamar , Balut Michelle , Chu Karen , Heyworth Leonie , Leung Lucinda , Ziaeian Boback , Tubbesing Sarah , Mullur Rashmi , Dobalian Aram 
Published: May 2021

Background
At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a rapid increase in the use of telehealth services at the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), which was accelerated by state and local policies mandating stay-at-home orders and restricting nonurgent in-person appointments. Even though the VA was an early adopter of telehealth in the late 1990s, the vast majority of VA outpatient care continued to be face-to-face visits through February 2020.

Objective
We compared telehealth service use at a VA Medical Center, Greater Los Angeles across 3 clinics (primary care [PC], cardiology, and home-based primary care [HBPC]) 12 months before and 12 months after the onset of COVID-19 (March 2020).

Methods
We used a parallel mixed methods approach including simultaneous quantitative and qualitative approaches. The distribution of monthly outpatient and telehealth visits, as well as telephone and VA Video Connect encounters were examined for each clinic. Semistructured telephone interviews were conducted with 34 staff involved in telehealth services within PC, cardiology, and HBPC during COVID-19. All audiotaped interviews were transcribed and analyzed by identifying key themes.

Results
Prior to COVID-19, telehealth use was minimal at all 3 clinics, but at the onset of COVID-19, telehealth use increased substantially at all 3 clinics. Telephone was the main modality of patient choice. Compared with PC and cardiology, video-based care had the greatest increase in HBPC. Several important barriers (multiple steps for videoconferencing, creation of new scheduling grids, and limited access to the internet and internet-connected devices) and facilitators (flexibility in using different video-capable platforms, technical support for patients, identification of staff telehealth champions, and development of workflows to help incorporate telehealth into treatment plans) were noted.

Conclusions
Technological issues must be addressed at the forefront of telehealth evolution to achieve access for all patient populations with different socioeconomic backgrounds, living situations and locations, and health conditions. The unprecedented expansion of telehealth during COVID-19 provides opportunities to create lasting telehealth solutions to improve access to care beyond the pandemic.
PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP IDENTITAS KONSTITUSI INDONESIA
Authors: Maulinawaty Nadya Dewi Nurul 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAKSetiap negara memiliki ciri konstitusi yang berbeda-beda, begitu pula dengan identitas konstitusi yang dilatar belakangi oleh sejarah dan politik. Di Indonesia, Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 merupakan hukum dasar tertulis yang berisikan prinsip-prinsip dasar bagi peraturan lainnya. Dalam kaitannya dengan ciri dari suatu negara, maka identitas dari UUD 1945 sebagai konstitusi negara harus dilindungi. Hal ini erat kaitannya pada saat melakukan perubahan atau amandemen, sehingga identitas konstitusi harus tetap terjaga dan tidak mengubah diluar kesepakatan sehingga tidak menjadikannya sebagai sebuah konstitusi yang baru. Tulisan ini akan membahas sejauh mana perlindungan identitas konstitusi dapat menciptakan ketahanan konstitusi dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perlindungan konstitusi. Penelitian hukum normatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan pendekatan konseptual, dengan demikian didapatkan hasil bahwa perlindungan identitas konstitusi berpengaruh terhadap ketahanan konstitusi, khususnya apabila terjadi perubahan atau amandemen sehingga ruh konstitusi tetap tercermin sebagai ciri dari bangsa. Diperlukan lembaga khusus untuk memeriksa dan mengawasi perubahan konstitusi Indonesia yaitu dengan memberikan kewenangan tambahan kepada Mahkamah Konstitusi untuk menguji konstitusionalitas terhadap perubahan UUD 1945. Kata Kunci: identitas konstitusi; konstitusi; perlindungan
ABSTRACTEvery country has different constitutional characteristics, as well as a constitutional identity which is based on history and politics. In Indonesia, the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is a written basic law which contains the basic principles for other regulations. In relation to the characteristics of a country, the identity of the 1945 Constitution as the state constitution must be protected. This is closely related when making changes or amendments, so that the identity of the constitution must be maintained and not change outside the agreement so as not to make it a new constitution. This paper will discuss the extent to which constitutional identity protection can create constitutional resilience and the factors that affect constitutional protection. Normative legal research is used in this study using a conceptual approach, thus the results show that the protection of constitutional identity has an effect on the resilience of the constitution, especially when changes or amendments occur so that the spirit of the constituency is still reflected as a characteristic of the nation. A special institution is needed to examine and supervise changes to the Indonesian constitution, namely by giving additional powers to the Constitutional Court to examine the constitutionality of the amendments to the 1945 Constitution. Keywords: constitutional identity; constitution; protection
Feminism in Shashi Deshpande's That Long Silence and Anita Desai's Cry, the Peacock: A Comparative Study
Authors: Koolwal Priti 
Published: May 2021

Feminism is a rapidly developing critical ideology of great promise. In the words of M.K. Bhatnagar, "Feminism in the Indian context is a by product of western liberalism in general and feminist thoughts in particular". With the social and cultural change in post independence India, women find themselves standing at the cross-roads. On one hand it is the consciousness of a changed time and on the other, the socio-cultural modes and values that have given them defined role towards themselves, have led to the fragmentation of the very psyche of these women. Caught between two worlds, they need to define themselves, their place in society and their relationship with surroundings. Anita Desai and Shashi Deshpande have constantly sought to come to grips with these problems of Indian womanhood and vividly and realistically portrayed the 'women question' and 'feministic traits' in their novels. If comparative study is the study of literature across national, political and linguistic boundaries, feminism is the comparative work across boundaries of gender and culture. The main concern of this paper is to present a comparative study of the note of feminism in the best words of both these feministic writers, i.e. Anita Desai's Cry, The Peacock and Shashi Deshpande's That Long Silence.
Typical Indian Parents’ Mentality Portrayed in the Drama “Do the Needful” by Mahesh Dattani
Authors: Gouda Mr.Y. Srinivasa 
Published: May 2021

Mahesh Dattani is a well-known playwright and a film director of India, whose themes mainly revolve around modern-day Indian issues. Although the main theme of the drama “Do the Needful” is not about the mindsets of the Indian parents, the researcher has found it interesting that the dialogues between parents of the Lata and Alpesh sound very much like the typical parents of many households. The qualities that the parents look for in a Son-in-law of a Daughter-in-law, the discussion between the mother and father weighing the pros and cons of the match, forcing the wedding on their children, talking high of the properties of the in-laws, all these factors are the stories of many households in India. This research paper is an attempt to bring out some of the typical characteristics of the mindset of the Indian parents with reference to the play. In the first part of the paper, the researcher introduces Mahesh Dattani as a playwright and introduces the general traits of the Indian parents. The researcher justifies that it is not to generalize but to reflect the attitude of the majority of Indian parents. In the second part of the play and the theme are explained. In the next part of the paper, various lines from the play that represent the theme are taken and explained amalgamated with the quotes of other researchers to justify the theme of the research paper. The last part of the research paper concludes with the critical appreciation of the play.
Modern technologies of social management in the US political process (using the example of the 2020 presidential election campaign)
Authors: Feldman P. Y. , Danyuk N. S. , Senokop Y. S. 
Published: May 2021

This article provides an applied analysis of the social network technologies used by Western IT-companies to exert a direct or indirect influence on political processes. The study focuses on a set of tools that were employed to shape the media landscape during the 2020 presidential election campaign in the United States. Overall, the empirical observations suggest that the largest networking services (such as Facebook, Twitter, Google, YouTube, etc.) more or less contributed to the success of the Democratic candidate.Having studied the relevant U.S. experience, the authors identify a set of manipulative techniques used by social network administrators to form specific electoral attitudes among users. These include blocking accounts; setting up search algorithms to produce pre-programmed results; labeling ideologically objectionable materials as “fake”, “untrustworthy”, “manipulative” and “potentially dangerous”; automatically recommending certain materials for viewing; and removing or pessimizing unwanted content.Seeking to expand their own audience, social networks flood the media space with so-called “partisan” content, which is vigorously welcomed by one part of society and just as vigorously rejected by another. This leads to polarization and radicalization of the masses. The most destructive consequences of this process can be witnessed in the United States, where Democrat and Republican supporters become not just political opponents but real antagonists.Social media, search engines and news aggregators, developing their capacity as political actors, pave the way to a qualitative change in the established electoral practices. The greatest concern is the ability of IT-companies to manipulate the political consciousness and behavior of citizens during crucial election campaigns. Considering this circumstance, the authors raise a question about the need to regulate the political and communication processes unfolding on the Internet platforms.
Spin-Valued Four Bosons Electrodynamics
Authors: Doria R. , Soares I. 
Published: May 2021

Electromagnetism is based on electric charge and spin. The study here corresponds to understand on spin effects at a vectorial electrodynamics. Its scenario is a non-linear abelian electromagnetism where the electric charge is transmitted through a four bosons quadruplet, constituted by the usual photon, massive photon and charged massive photons. These four bosons intermediate the charge exchange ΔQ = 0, ±1.The spin is introduced at first principles. A spintronics Lagrangian for four vector fields is performed. Considering that spin is a space-time physical entity derived from Lorentz Group, these vector fields are associated to Lorentz Group, as Lie algebra valued. Similarly to non-abelian gauge theories where Aμ≡ Aμ,ata, one introduces the relationship Aμ≡ Aμ,κλΣκλ where (Σκλ)αβ is the Lorentz Group generator.
Thus, based on three fundamentals which are light invariance, electric charge conservation law and vector fields Lie algebra valued through Lorentz Group generators, one derives a spin-valued four vectorial electrodynamics. It is given by the fields quadruplet Aμ1 ≡ {Aμ, Uμ, Vμ±} where Aμ means the usual photon, Uμ a massive photon and Vμ± massive charged photons. Two novelties appear. The first one is that, new terms are developed into usual four bosons electromagnetism. They contribute to Lagrangian, equations of motion, Noether theorem. The second one is that the equations of motion derive a renormalizable spin coupling with the electric and magnetic fields.There is a spin-1 electrodynamics to be investigated. A neutral electromagnetism is mandatory to be analyzed. Something beyond dipole, quadrupole and so on. Understand the role of spin in the electrical and magnetic properties of particles. A spin vectorial expression S--> is obtained. It adds EM interactions not depending on electric charge and with spin interactions through electric dipole and magnetic moments.
Legacies of mistrust
Authors: Carolini Gabriella Y. , Hess Sarra Lynn 
Published: May 2021

National authorities across Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa have implemented various forms of fiscal decentralization over the past three decades with equivocal results. The design of such reforms haslong rested on theories based on the experiences of high-income countries’ efforts at increasing local autonomy, accountability, and basic service efficiencies. Critics of the global advocacy for fiscal decentralization, however, point to several challenges with its implementation across diverse political economies that differ significantly from those in high-income environments. Nonetheless, these critiques often obscure the impact that colonial regimes and their legacies have on current efforts to fiscally decentralize. In two post-colonial environments where fiscal decentralization projects have unrolled, namely Mozambique and Mexico, we show how colonial imprints remain critical to understanding efforts at fiscal decentralization. Our focus in these cases is on how race-based caste systems introduced under colonial administrations fed the development and evolution of dual governance systems across spaces and peoples that bred mistrust between residents, local authorities and central authorities. We argue that the conflicting rationales in evidence between stakeholders involved in fiscal decentralization projects today are rooted in the social mistrust and power struggles born from these colonial experiences. In conclusion, we contend that fiscal decentralization reforms must explicitly grapple with these spatialized and racialized legacies of mistrust and the diverse rationalities guiding stakeholders in both the design and evaluation of public policies meant to strengthen local autonomy,transparency, and efficiencies.
Intradural extension of mucocele secondary to giant frontal sinus osteoma: Diagnostic pitfalls
Authors: Ali Sundus , Qasim Adnan , Anwar Bilal , Choudhary Nabeel , Akmal Muhammad 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Paranasal sinus osteoma in association with intracranial mucocele is a rare entity while intradural extension is even rarer. Our aim of presenting this case is to highlight the diagnostic pitfalls and reiterate the importance of prompt treatment of expected complications.

Case Description:
A 35-year-old known epileptic, for the past 5 years, presented with altered sensorium for the past 2 days. Computed tomography (CT) of the brain plain showed ventriculomegaly and cystic lesion in the left frontal lobe adjacent to a calvarial osteoma. A ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt was done which resulted in tension pneumocephalus and led us to discover the origin of osteoma from the left frontal sinus on CT functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) protocol. He underwent left frontal craniotomy. The osteoma and mucocele were excised completely and watertight primary dural closure was done. Postoperative meningitis was treated with antibiotics according to the culture report.

Conclusion:
Intracranial extension of mucocele led to meningitic hydrocephalus, prompting us for VP shunt. Resulting tension pneumocephalus revealed what was missed on preop CT, a small pocket of air adjacent to osteoma intracranially. Therefore, this case underscores the importance of obtaining a preoperative CT FESS to elaborate the origin of osteoma, thus planning approach differently.
Minimalistic reconstruction of exposed skull in a complex craniovertebral polytrauma
Authors: Saha Srinjoy 
Published: May 2021

Background:
In stable craniovertebral injuries complicated by polytrauma, rigorous spinal immobilization is essential for neuroprotection. Scalp and forehead reconstruction in these circumstances are safest when performed under local anesthesia, maintaining cervical immobilization.

Case Description:
A sizeable 10 × 6.5 cm forehead defect was reconstructed utilizing regenerative principles under local anesthesia and sedation in a 54-year-old woman. After adequate debridement of gangrenous soft tissues, exposed outer skull bones were trephined, forehead defect covered with a synthetic biomaterial, and the patient was discharged thereafter. Granulating neodermis regenerated within the biomaterial over the next 6 weeks. Weekly platelet-rich plasma injections along the wound margins facilitated wound regeneration. Dimensions reduced by two-thirds to 6.5 × 3.5 cm with wound regeneration and contraction, while granulating neodermis covered the remaining skull-bones. Split skin-grafting over the neodermis ensured satisfying long-term results, with similar color, texture, soft-tissue thickness, and sensation. Multiple occipitocervical, spinal, scapular, and rib fractures healed well with strict immobilization.

Conclusion:
Good long-term results were achieved with significantly reduced dangers, complications, hospitalization, and costs than traditional reconstructive flap surgeries. Minimalistic reconstruction utilizing tissue engineering and regenerative medicine principles appears beneficial for patients with grave spinal injuries.
Imaging features of perineural and perivascular spread in rapidly progressive rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis: A case report and brief review of the literature
Authors: Galletta Karol , Alafaci Concetta , D’Alcontres Ferdinando Stagno , Maria Mormina Enrico , Cavallaro Marco , Ricciardello Giorgia , Vinci Sergio , Grasso Giovanni , Granata Francesca 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Rhinocerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is an opportunistic fungal infection originating from the paranasal sinuses with extension to the brain. A delayed diagnosis can rapidly result in a poor prognosis. ROCM commonly affects patients with diabetes or immunocompromised states with a variable progression.

Case Description:
We report the case of a 59-year old patient with an untreated diabetes who developed a ROCM with rapidly progressive neurological symptoms. From the onset of sinus pain, nasal congestion, he rapidly developed facial swelling and masticatory dysfunction. The patient underwent sinus surgery which allowed Rhizopus oryzae to be isolated. Accordingly, a systemic therapy by intensive intravenous amphotericin B was started. Nevertheless, the infection rapidly resulted in bilateral cavernous sinuses thrombosis and occlusion of the left internal carotid artery providing the subsequent patient death.

Conclusion:
Mucormycosis is a life-threatening fungal infection in diabetic and/or immunosuppressed patients. Our case demonstrates the three main mechanisms for infection spreading that are direct, perineural, and perivascular diffusion. Clear identification of the main risk factors, proper assessment of clinical features, and radiological findings may improve the chance for an early diagnosis and patient survival.
T11/T12 ossification of the yellow ligament contributing to thoracic myelopathy in patient with posterior fossa arachnoid cyst and acquired incidental Chiari I malformation/syrinx
Authors: Aono Toshiya , Ono Hideaki , Tanishima Takeo , Tamura Akira , Saito Isamu 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Thoracic ossification of the yellow ligament (OYL) may contribute to myelopathy. In the case presented, the patient additionally had a chronic posterior fossa arachnoid cyst with an acquired Chiari I malformation and cervicothoracic syrinx.

Case Description:
A 40-year-old female with a posterior fossa arachnoid cyst found 17 years ago, and newly acquired Chiari I malformation (tonsils down 5 mm) with a C7-T5 syrnix, presented with the new onset of lower extremity myelopathy. The MR documented marked dorsolateral cord compression due to T11/T12 OYL. Six months following a laminectomy for resection of OYL, the patient was asymptomatic.

Conclusion:
In patients presenting with the new onset of lower extremity myelopathy, evaluation of the complete neuraxis may be warranted. Here, the patient has an unchanged posterior fossa arachnoid cyst with an acquired Chiari I malformation/C7-T5 syrinx. However, the patient’s symptoms were fully attributed to the MR-documented T11/T12 OYL that was successfully resected.