bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trabalhando tópicos da geometria com o auxílio do Geoplano: uma experiência com alunos do sexto ano do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Freire Fernando Oliveira , Oliveira Marcelo Nascimento de Morais , Cavalcante Maria da Paz , Cavalcante Neto Valentim Alves 
Published: March 2021

O ensino de Matemática vem passando por mudanças significativas. Métodos tradicionais, antes aceitos, baseados na mera transmissão acrítica de conteúdos por meio de exercícios repetitivos e memorização de fórmulas, vêm sendo questionados em virtude de sua baixa contribuição para o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem do educando. Nessa esteira, o presente artigo tem como objetivo abordar o Geoplano como recurso didático no estudo de tópicos da geometria e analisar a desenvoltura dos alunos de uma turma de 6° ano do Ensino Fundamental na aprendizagem dessa temática com o auxílio desse recurso. Na realização desse estudo de natureza qualitativa, utilizou-se da pesquisa-ação colaborativa considerando uma experiência vivenciada em uma turma participante. Os resultados revelam que houve avanços nos níveis de aprendizagem dos alunos no que se refere aos conceitos geométricos estudados. Constatou-se, ainda, o envolvimento dos educandos nas aulas, sendo possível perceber as potencialidades de aplicação do Geoplano como um recurso didático, principalmente no ensino de figuras planas, áreas, perímetro, semelhanças das figuras planas, ponto, reta e plano.
Vapor–liquid–solid growth of silicon nanowires from surface nanoholes formed with metal-assisted chemical etching
Authors: Uesugi Akio , Horita Taiju , Sugano Koji , Isono Yoshitada 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The influence of shallow surface nanoholes on the growth direction of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) with the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) process was studied in order to realize a single-step way to promote integration of high-density SiNWs along a specific direction. Shallow surface nanoholes were formed by the short-time metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) process with catalytic Au nanoparticles of 60 nm also used for the VLS process, in order to shape nanoholes with a similar diameter to the nanoparticles. With an increase in MACE processing time to 5 min, the ratio of perpendicularly grown SiNWs to the SiNWs that appeared on the (111) silicon surface significantly increased in the initial growth phase, reaching higher than 80%. This ratio was more than 3 times higher than without the MACE process. On the other hand, the excess processing time brought about a decrease of the SiNWs detected. This result indicated that the formation of surface nanoholes with an appropriate depth could be an effective way of controlling SiNW growth direction.
Persepsi Petani Terhadap Program Kemitraan Tanam Bawang Putih dengan PT. Fajar Mulia Transindo di Kecamatan Tawangmangu Kabupaten Karanganyar
Authors: Imaduddin Xena  , Suminah Suminah , Wibowo Agung 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk; (1) mendeskripsikan program kemitraan tanam bawang putih, (2) mendeskripsikan persepsi petani terhadap program kemitraan tanam bawang putih, dan (3) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi persepsi petani terhadap program kemitraan tanam bawang putih. Metode dasar penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik survei. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Nglebak dan Desa Sepanjang, Kecamatan Tawangmangu, Kabupaten Karanganyar, dengan pertimbangan Gapoktan di Desa Nglebak dan Desa Sepanjang merupakan salah satu Gapoktan yang mengikuti program kemitraan tanam bawang putih dengan PT. Fajar Mulia Transindo. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive random sampling yang terdiri dari 60 responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi linear berganda dengan program SPSS Statistics 25.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) program kemitraan tanam bawang putih yang dilakukan oleh Gapoktan di Desa Sepanjang dan Desa Nglebak di Kecamatan Tawangmangu dengan pihak swasta yakni PT. Fajar Mulia Transindo telah berlangsung sejak tahun 2017. Program ini berlandaskan asas kemitraan dengan tujuan saling menguntungkan antara kedua belah pihak. (2) persepsi petani terhadap program kemitraan tanam bawang putih dengan PT. Fajar Mulia Transindo di Kecamatan Tawangmangu termasuk dalam kategori tidak baik, hal ini dikarenakan hasil yang kurang memuaskan yang didapatkan oleh petani pada program kemitraan tanam bawang putih yang pernah dilaksanakan antara lain yaitu keterlamatan pasokan benih, rendahnya kualitas benih yang diberikan sehingga mempengaruhi hasil panen bawang putih petani. (3) secara parsial maupun secara bersama – sama variabel bebas (konsep diri, kebutuhan, pengalaman, harapan, novelty/ sesuatu yang berbeda, intensity/ intensitas, dan proximity/ kedekatan dengan obyek) tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap variabel terikat (persepsi petani terhadap program kemitraan tanam bawang putih).
Kajian Kemandirian Keuangan Badan Layanan Umum Daerah Bidang Kesehatan pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Afrida Ariyani  
Published: March 2021

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah Bagaimana pengaruh pandemi covid-19 terhadap kemandirian keuangan pada suatu BLUD di bidang kesehatan merupakan tujuan dari penelitian ini.Penelitian dilakukan di dua RSUD di Kabupaten Brebes yaitu RSUD Bumiayu dan RSUD Brebes. Metode penelitian menggunakan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan,data kunjungan pasien,dan laporan hasil survey indeks kepuasan masyarakat (IKM).Penelitian menggunakan Pendekatan kuantitatif non eksperimen dengan Metode deskriptif komparatif untuk membandingkan kondisi kemandirian keuangan rumah sakit sebagai BLUD selama sebelum dan sesudah pandemi covid-19 melanda Indonesia. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah secara umum pandemi covid 19 berpengaruh positif terhadap kemandirian keuangan badan layanan umum daerah bidang kesehatan.Walaupun tingkat kunjungan pasien menurun selama pandemi, akan tetapi tingkat kepuasan masyarakat terhadap pelayanan rumah sakit meningkat. Hal ini disebabkan karena kualitas pelayanan rumah sakit justru semakin meningkat di masa pandemi.
Faktor Dominan Yang Berpengaruh pada Peningkatan Biaya Pemeliharaan Jalan di Kota Cirebon
Authors: Edi Mulyana  
Published: March 2021

Akhir-akhir ini banyak ditemui kerusakan dini perkerasan jalan di Kota Cirebon baik berupa retak kecil (crack), pelepasan butiran (raveling) maupun pengelupasan lapisan perkerasan yang mengakibatkan terus meningkatnya biaya pemeliharaan jalan dalam setiap tahunnya yang disebabkan oleh banyaknya faktor yang mempengaruhi sejak perencaanaan, pelaksanaan hingga pemeliharaan proyek-proyek jalan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari faktor-faktor dominan apa yang berpengaruh pada peningkatan biaya pemeliharaan jalan di Kota Cirebon, sehingga hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan positif kepada instansi terkait. Penelitian menggunakan metode survey, melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada responden yang terdiri dari kontraktor, konsultan, pemberi tugas dan pakar dibidangnya yang kemudian data kuesionernya diolah dengan analisa statistik SPSS 19 untuk menghasilkan tingkat hubungan antara variabel bebas (X) berupa faktor resiko yang berpengaruh pada peningkatan biaya pemeliharaan dan variabel (Y) berupa biaya pemeliharaan. Dari hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa ada 6 (enam) faktor yang paling dominan mempengaruhi peningkatan biaya pemeliharaan yaitu penawaran harga terlalu rendah (77.69), lemahnya pengendalian proyek (74.35), kesalahan estimasi biaya (70.39), material yang dikirim tidak sesuai permintaan (68.35), sub kontraktor tidak bekerja optimal (67.57) dan terjadinya bencana alam (62.88) terhadap biaya pemeliharaan.
Embedding Technology in Teaching Translation
Authors: AL-Tamimi Dr. Ibtihal Mahdi AL-Tamimi 
Published: March 2021

Are teachers reaching or engaging their students? With the development of different kinds of translation theories, translation studies have greatly developed; however teaching translation has not been discussed thoroughly. In fact, the development information technology has had a wide range of effect on education, but traditional translation teaching is far from suitable for the current translation teaching. This paper will answer the above questions .It deals with a new approach of teaching translation, i.e. embedding technology in teaching translation. It focuses more on teaching translation effectively and highlighting the role of technology in facilitating processes of both teaching and learning. Mainly the aim of teaching translation is to improve student's language competence. However, three levels of the aim of teaching translation are explained and some disadvantages of traditional translation teaching (TTT) are discussed. Furthermore, a comparison is made between TTT and teaching translation with technology (TTWT). It is found that embedding technology in teaching translation is an important technique that should be incorporated in the classroom .
EFL Iraqi College Students' Perception of Effective Supplementary Materials Adaptation
Authors: Adnan Muhammed . Ph.D Inst. Ghazwan 
Published: March 2021

This study is an attempt to assess the perception of an effective supplementary material adaptation ,the present study therefore aims at assessing EFL students' perception of an effective supplementary materials adaptation in English, also , finding out the differences among the domains of an effective supplementary materials adaptation,
The random sample of the study consist of 100 students from the four academic stages of the Department of English at the college of Education for Human Sciences / University of Diyala for the academic year (2011-2012). A questionnaire is constructed to measure the awareness of the EFL college students' perceptions of an effective supplementary materials adaptation . The questionnaire covers eight scales that contains (52)items which are measured using a five –points Likert - type scale anchored by 1= Never to 5=Always. The questionnaire is exposed to a jury of experts for the purpose of ascertaining its face validity. Two methods have been used to calculate the questionnaire reliability coefficient. In the light of the results obtained, a number of recommendations are put forward which are concerned with textbooks designers, teachers, and learners.
Contemporary View in Arabic Grammar for Dr. Kareem Hussien Nasih Al-khalidy-Arabic Sentence as a Sample
Authors: Zangana Dr. Shaimaa Rasheed Mohammed 
Published: March 2021

This research aims to study the views of P. Dr. Karm Hussein Nassih AL- Khalidi in Arabic grammar about Arabic sentences from aspects cannot be found in books and grammatical sources, or that who did search in these aspects did not cover them, or covered but no results. The importance of this research is what we find in our teacher glances Dr. Karim al-Khalidi of new ideas in some aspects and issues related to the Arabic sentences will contribute to the facilitation of Arabic grammar, and correct a number of ideas and opinions, which was the main reason as to make it difficult for learners and professionals at the same time.
Future trends -Arab relations - European A Study in Political Geography
Authors: Abdul Baqi Assist. Prof. Dr. Mohammed Abdul Majid 
Published: March 2021

The indicators of Europe returning increasing rapidly as an active part at the current time, where the French differentiation pattern towards the American situation towards Palestinian issue, also the Germany-French-Belgian differentiation pattern towards the American situation during the Military aggression on Iraq in 2003, all of that Allows multiple and diverse indicators for this role Which had declined after the end of World War II and the end of the European occupation of the Arab homeland, Europe has suffered great losses militarily, economically, lose of population and socially during the World War II, and this loss had impacted its ability to continue its old strategic role of colonizing in confronting other international poles that had become the first power over Europe account and started to impose its influence on the former colonies of Europe in the Arab region, where America has struggled to impose its full control over the Arab homeland As an alternative for the old European colonialism , where the independence of the situation of the European had declined significantly towards the Arabian issues, so, it turns to the dialogue with the Arabian governments, Which had actually embodied as (The Arabian-European dialogue), considering that a new stage has begun to rearrange the international influence in the region, Also, Europe has regained its colonial power that was lost after the World War II particularly with the decline of the Arab unity factors because of the weakness of governments and systems, and the collapse of the Soviet Union, The level of this orientation has expanded with the launch of '' Middle East" project , according to (American-Zionist) belief that Excludes the European interests, and this pushed the researcher to analyze the constant and the variable in that study towards the Arabian issues as a framework to answer the queries about the future nature of the Arabian-European relations.
Effectiveness of SWOM Model of Education and Roberts Cluster Model of Education in the development of divergent thinking and skills beyond knowledge
Authors: Abdul Amir Dr. Nagham Hadi 
Published: March 2021

The current research is aimed to know the effectiveness of education is typical Som SWOM Model of Educational and educational cluster Roberts Roberts Cluster Model of Education in the development of divergent thinking skills beyond knowledge.The study population was selected from first-grade students in secondary Euphrates of the General Directorate for Educational Baghdad Karkh / 1, the first experimental group taught according to (model educational Som) and The second experimental group taught according to (Roberts cluster model of education).Verified equal groups by group of variables and the two samples appeared equal in these variables.The search tool has the researcher adopted a measure of divergent thinking (Ola Rafi Hamid 2011) and also has adopted a measure (Abu Riash, 2007) to measure skills beyond knowledge, the results showed the Superiority of the first experimental group taught in accordance with the (educational model Som) in both posttest in the development of divergent thinking and in the posttest in variable skills beyond the knowledge upon the second experimental group (Roberts cluster model of education) and according to the results it has beevn reached to conclusions.
Difficulties Faced by British and Iraqi Undergraduate Students of English When Pronouncing Arabic True Geminates and English Fake Geminates
Authors: Ahmed Prof .Dr .Muslih Shwaysh , Sameer Assist. Lecturer Imad Hayif 
Published: March 2021

This paper investigates gemination which is a phonetic phenomenon in English and Arabic .It is concerned with true geminates and fake geminates phonetically ,true geminates which are found in Arabic are long segments which contrast with short ones , thus Arabic speakers have a phonemic length contrast since they treat long and short versions of the same sound as distinct categories . In contrast, fake geminates which are found in Arabic, but in English are called so because they are phonetically long but their length does not serve as a phonetic contrast .The research aims at revealing the difference in the achievement of the Arab and British undergraduate students of English when pronouncing Arabic true geminates and English fake geminates .It also aims to point out the effect of the intrinsic difference that concerns gemination in both languages . The third aim of this paper is to find out the type of English fake geminate which has more difference in the achievement of the subjects involved in this research .On the light of these aims three hypotheses were set .To carry out this research ,ten Iraqi (Arab ) undergraduate students of English from University of Anbar (4th year students ) were chosen besides ten British undergraduate students of English(4th year students ) from Essex University .The subjects involved in the study have to participate in two tests .In the first ,they have to pronounce twenty Arabic words (single and geminate),whereas in the second test ,they have to pronounce thirty words about the types of English fake geminates ,ten words were selected for each type .The study arrives at certain findings and conclusions .
Ikhwan Al-Safa beauty philosophy and theory of art
Authors: Kydair Dr.  Muwafaq Oleiwi 
Published: March 2021

Since the need for aesthetic, general and inclusive and deeply linked to contemporary human life, due to the importance of what these letters contained of ideas and knowledge in the field of beauty and art .We decided to study these ideas under Ikhwan Al Safa philosophy of art and beauty title. Our goal in this illustrating the Arabic and Islamic library that with useful and unique, because th subject is so far has not been studied independently, hoping we success in that . in order to explain a circle of the beauty concepts and its development at Arabs and Muslims, and that required research brief, followed by two themes:
First: Ikhwan Al-SAFA philosophy of beauty and art .
II: Ikhwan Al-Safa ' theory of art and includes principles and application.
The tabulation above that research aims to expose the standards in the philosophical thought of the Ikhwan Al-SAFA
Find "pay damage the suspects and their applications jurisprudential base" title
Authors: Hashemi Dr. Nassif Mohsen Asaessa 
Published: March 2021

In the name of Allah the Merciful This paper deals with " pay damage the suspects and their applications jurisprudential base"
To the effect " is that if the damage endured in the work of the business must pay the accession the believer " . And mind riding the damage to pay the suspects, if it does not transfer and improvement Altaqbih mental clarity confined to his rule by the owners. Advantaged and al-Qaida are suspicions wisdom before the examination should be in charge of the examination even despair, and then end up assets to the operation, according to the rule base is the truth should be the examination.The research methodology is based on dividing the four demands. The first requirement : eating Qaeda on the one hand the definition of language and terminology. The second requirement : aware and evidence-Qaeda. Third requirement : Rod and base Fbh punishment without a statement on the payment of the damage the suspects base. Fourth requirement: doctrinal applications on the base. Find and we ended with a summary of the most important results, in addition to index margins.
The impact of the religious authority in Iraq's political events (1914-1918) Study in light of the British documents
Authors: Khuytr M. D. Mohammad Hashim 
Published: March 2021

This research aims to the impact of the religious authority follow in the political events in Iraq during the First World War, and culminated in the position of the harbingers established a greater role in the years following the war, both those represented by the fact that a number of uprisings against occupying such as Najaf uprising British authority Najaf in 1918 or the fact that Iraq's major liberal revolution on the thirtieth of June 1920. Within this context revealed British documents is published on the seriousness of the role that the contribution of the religious authority and its men who have issued calls for jihad, and declared fatwas, which called for the lifting of arms against the British occupiers, who had wanted to tie Iraq to India, and turn it into a British colony to take advantage of its wealth and harness his people to serve the effort British military during and after the war. These British documents include documents of the Ministry of British India (India Office Records) British and documents of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Foreign Office) which were copies of which exist in the National Library in Baghdad in the years of the eighties of the twentieth century before being National Library of sabotage and arson, which affected the scientific institutions Cultural and after the 1991 and 2003 events.
John Caldwell Calhoun and his political role in United States of America (1782-1850).
Authors: Khames ( Ph.D) Haydar Shaker 
Published: March 2021

This research deals with the political role of one of the pioneers of American policy in the nineteenth century, John Caldwell Calhoun, and his ideas and philosophy in addressing the central issues in the domestic and foreign policy of the United States of America by virtue of the important sites that filled namely: Member of the Legislative Council of the State of South Carolina between 1807-1811 , a member of the House of Representatives between 1811-1817, Secretary of the Treasury between 1817 - 1825, Vice President between 1825-1832, a member of the Senate between 1833-1850, Foreign Minister between 1844-1845.
The most important social problems faced by families in caring for children with autism and ways of treatment and rehabilitation
Authors: Ahmad Assist profr Dr. Abeer Najim Abdullah 
Published: March 2021

"The most important social problems of the family in the care of Autistic children and ways of treatment and rehabilitation (Rami in a field study center for the care of autistic children and slow learners)"(Social problems, Autistic children, rehabilitation)The current research aims to identify the most important social and psychological problems experienced by families in the care of children Autistic and what are the most prominent solutions and treatments to the families of the children, especially the parents in the care of these children, and what are the most important roads in the rehabilitation and treatment provided by Rahman Institute which (Rami previously) in care autistic child and that contribute to overcome the difficulties faced by them.The most important findings of the research:1-74% of families with autistic children suffer from difficulties in social relations.2-92% of the sample in which the brothers suffer frompsychological and social burden the existence of an autistic brother.3-80% of the children's families in which the parents of Autistic problems and disorders family suffers.4-70% of households Autistic children suffer injury as a result of social epilepsy or mental disability problems.5-80% of households have resorted to international organizations to take care of the child within and outside the country.6-78% of the families of autistic children confirms the ability of the Institute on the rehabilitation of the child in its ability to rely on himself.
7-74% of the sample confirms the auspices of medically Institute of autistic children.
The most important recommendations on the family:1. Child can be treated early bands to help him develop social and language skills.2. The child was given an opportunity in the completion of his duties, which help him to give confidence in himself and the evolution of his senses and make it stable.The most important recommendations for the state:

Provide special food and medical basket autistic child.
Providing material support.
Training professional cadres in the perpetuation of how to communicate with the families of autistic children.