bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Par la médiation de son tombeau”. La visite pieuse (ziyāra) au Maghreb aux XIVe-XVe siècles entre croyance éprouvée et norme mouvante
Authors: Amri Nelly 
Published: November 2021

Résumé
Cet article tente de montrer, à travers l’examen d’un corpus varié de sources, notamment de textes de consultations juridiques et de témoignages de la littérature bio-hagiographique, la variété des positions développées par les juristes du Maghreb médiéval, concernant la visite pieuse ou ziyāra. La croyance dans l’intercession des saints dans leurs tombes, lieux sacralisés et porteurs de baraka, pour lesquels on peut prendre monture, est largement partagée au Maghreb médiéval et focalise aussi bien le commun des fidèles que les ulémas les plus rassis. L’interdit de l’invocation par la médiation du saint, attribué à Mālik, est loin d’être suivi. D’éminents juristes, connus pour traquer les « innovations blâmables » (bidaʿ), reconnaissent la licéité de la ziyāra voire du pèlerinage aux tombeaux des saints et la médiation de ces morts illustres et de leur sépulture, nonobstant certains rituels objet de réprobation. L’article permet de tester la grande capacité d’adaptation de la norme aux réalités sociales et au vécu religieux des hommes, et nous renvoie de cette même norme l’image, non pas d’un corps figé de doctrines intangibles, mais d’une variété d’attitudes, de positions et de « regards savants ». Il montre, une fois de plus, l’impasse à laquelle nous conduisent les approches durcissant par trop l’opposition entre orthodoxie ou encore orthopraxie -qui serait l’apanage d’un islam donné comme savant-, et hétérodoxie que l’on a souvent assimilée à l’islam populaire, alors même que leurs limites sont poreuses, mouvantes et en constante redéfinition.
La défense philosophique de la prière votive (duʿāʾ) et de la visite pieuse (ziyāra), d’Ibn Sīnā à la renaissance safavide (XIe/XVIIe siècle)
Authors: Terrier Mathieu 
Published: November 2021

Résumé
Cet article propose d’étudier un ensemble de textes traitant philosophiquement de deux pratiques dévotionnelles de l’islam, particulièrement vivaces dans le shīʿisme imāmite et le soufisme : la prière votive (duʿāʾ) et la visite pieuse aux tombeaux des saints (ziyāra). La première partie analyse des textes originaux d’Ibn Sīnā (Avicenne, m. 429/1037) sur le rôle de la prière votive dans l’ordre de la Providence ainsi qu’une épître probablement apocryphe sur la cause de son exaucement. La reprise des thèmes et arguments avicenniens par des philosophes iraniens du XIe/XVIIe siècle est ensuite abordée. Ces pratiques sont alors envisagées dans le cadre de la religiosité shīʿite imāmite et les textes se concentrent davantage sur la visite aux tombes des saints, occasion de la prière votive. Le premier de ces auteurs est Mīr Dāmād (m. 1040/1631), successeur autoproclamé d’Ibn Sīnā à la tête de la philosophie islamique, qui prolonge la voie métaphysique et gnostique de son prédécesseur. Puis vient le méconnu Ḥakīm Qāʾinī (actif en 1029/1619-20) qui, dans une épître sur le sens ésotérique des actes cultuels, relie les aspects sociaux et mystiques de la visite à la tombe des saints. Enfin Quṭb al-Dīn Ashkevarī (m. ca 1090/1679), historien de la sagesse, rapproche la religiosité populaire shīʿite de la religion philosophique des anciens Grecs. L’ensemble suggère qu’en se penchant sur ces pratiques dévotionnelles, à la faveur de la rencontre avec le shīʿisme imāmite et le soufisme, la philosophie islamique a su à la fois renouer avec l’esprit de la philosophie antique, innover sur le plan théorique et approfondir le sens de la religiosité commune pour en faire une initiation à la vie philosophique.
Pouvoir du lieu, médiation du texte : Remarques anthropologiques sur la visite pieuse à Karbalā
Authors: Parsapajouh Sepideh 
Published: November 2021

Résumé
La « visite pieuse » (ziyāra) rendue aux figures saintes du chiisme imamite ou duodécimain, à savoir les imams et certains de leurs descendants et compagnons, occupe une place centrale dans la vie de cette branche minoritaire de l’islam. Après une introduction sur la conception de la sainteté et les fondements doctrinaux des pratiques de visite pieuse dans le chiisme imamite, cet article analyse les croyances et les pratiques vouées particulièrement à l’un des lieux les plus visités du chiisme et de tout l’islam, à savoir la tombe du troisième imam al-Ḥusayn à Karbalā, considérée comme le lieu sacré par excellence. Nous étudions ensuite un texte couramment récité par les croyants et pèlerins, attribué au sixième imam Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq et intitulé Ziyārat al-wārith (« la visite de l’héritier [du Prophète] »). Il apparaît que ce texte ancien, objet d’un processus de canonisation au cours de l’histoire, a déterminé nombre de pratiques pieuses à Karbalā. Basé sur une approche anthropologique, cet article ne traite pas de l’histoire et de l’authenticité de ce texte mais de sa présence dans les formes vivantes de ziyāra contemporaines. Il vise à montrer la correspondance entre un texte traditionnel, normatif et canonique d’une part, et des pratiques vivantes, corporelles et langagières, de pèlerins de cultures différentes d’autre part, dans le monde chiite actuel.
Federalist Fascism
Authors: von Eggers Nicolai 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article analyses the New Right’s understanding of the French Revolution. Since the most prominent intellectual of the New Right, Alain de Benoist, frames ‘Jacobinism’ as the New Right’s main enemy, the New Right may be understood as a counter-tradition to what it understands as Jacobinism. De Benoist defines Jacobinism as an ideology that makes people essentially equal and identical by means of the state. Against this, he posits what he calls ‘federalism’—a project which aims at promoting and defending ethnic, cultural and other differences. In this article, the author shows how the New Right creates a mythical counter-tradition of federalism. We should understand this as a ‘federalist fascism’: instead of mass parties and an authoritarian nation-state, the New Right seeks the mythical rebirth of an Indo-European community consisting of various regional peoples who will supposedly realise their authentic nature through ethnically purified societies governed by a federal European-wide system.
Debate: Decolonising Fascist Studies
Authors: Liburd Liam , Jackson Paul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The drive to decolonise is of central importance to the study of fascism, which after all was and remains a politics rooted in specific conceptions of colonialism and race. In this article, we have invited both leading academics and early career scholars to reflect on how we might ‘decolonise’ fascist studies. Their comments approach fascism in a range of contexts, and offer reflections on how to frame future research questions, approach methodological issues, and consider how fascism studies might develop a more overt and clear stance on the problems posed by decolonising the subject area more broadly. It is hoped that these commentaries will enrich the field of fascist studies and, in turn, do more to relate it to the work of scholars in other relevant areas of study, particularly those working on critical theories of race and racism. Contributors to this debate are: Leslie James, Raul Carstocea, Daniel Hedinger, Liam J. Liburd, Cathy Bergin, Benjamin Bland, Evan Smith, Jonathan Hyslop, Benjamin Zachariah, and Caroline Campbell.
Facial synkinesis: A distressing sequela of facial palsy
Authors: Shokri Tom , Patel Shivam , Ziai Kasra , Harounian Jonathan , Lighthall Jessyka G 
Published: November 2021

Introduction Synkinesis refers to abnormal involuntary facial movements that accompany volitional facial movements. Despite a 55% incidence of synkinesis reported in patients with enduring facial paralysis, there is still a lack of complete understanding of this debilitating condition, leading to functional limitations and decreased quality of life. 1 This article reviews the diagnostic assessment, etiology, pathophysiology, rehabilitation, and nonsurgical and surgical treatments for facial synkinesis. Methods A PubMed and Cochrane search was done with no date restrictions for English-language literature on facial synkinesis. The search terms used were “facial,” “synkinesis,” “palsy,” and various combinations of the terms. Results The resultant inability to control the full extent of one’s facial movements has functional and psychosocial consequences and may result in social withdrawal with a significant decrease in quality of life. An understanding of facial mimetic musculature is imperative in guiding appropriate intervention. While chemodenervation with botulinum toxin and neurorehabilitation have continued to be the primary treatment strategy for facial synkinesis, novel techniques such as selective myectomy, selective neurolysis, free-functioning muscle transfer, and nerve grafting techniques are becoming increasingly utilized in treatment regimens. Facial rehabilitation, including neuromuscular retraining, soft tissue massage, and relaxation therapy in addition to chemodenervation with botulinum toxin, remains the cornerstone of treatment. In cases of severe, intractable synkinesis and non-flaccid facial paralysis, surgical interventions, including selective neurectomy, selective myectomy, nerve grafting, or free muscle transfer, may play a more significant role in alleviating symptoms. Discussion A multidisciplinary approach involving therapists, clinicians, and surgeons is necessary to develop a comprehensive treatment regimen that will result in optimal outcomes. Ultimately, therapy should be tailored to the severity and pattern of synkinesis, and each patient approached on a case-by-case basis. A multidisciplinary approach involving therapists, clinicians, and surgeons is necessary to develop a comprehensive treatment regimen that will result in optimal outcomes.
A Case of Nasal Cavity and Laryngeal Involvement of Rosai–Dorfman Disease
Authors: Lee Changhee , Choi Nayeon , Lee Yurimi , Park Joo Hyun , Son Young-Ik 
Published: November 2021

Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare non-malignant disorder, characterized by painless multiple cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, and elevated inflammatory markers. Its diagnosis is difficult due to its rare incidence and various clinical presentations, especially in extranodal involvement. In this report, we demonstrate a patient with RDD who presented with a nasal septum and laryngeal tumor that caused dyspnea. We achieved a successful treatment outcome with combined surgical resection of the laryngeal mass and corticosteroid medication. The symptoms and tumors were resolved within 3 weeks after treatment. We reported our experiences with review of literatures.
Microwave-assisted oxidative coupling of thiols using polystyrene supported bromoderivatives of 2-oxazolidone
Authors: Mathew Anjaly , Mathew Beena , Koshy Ebey P 
Published: November 2021

Polymer-supported reagents have become popular in synthetic organic chemistry over the past decades. But the kinetics of polymer-supported reactions is slow compared to solution phase synthesis because of the poor diffusion of the reactants through the macromolecular polymer matrix. This difficulty can be reduced to a great extent by performing polymer-supported reactions under microwave (MW) conditions. The present work is focussed on the design and development of an innovative, powerful, MW stable and recyclable polymeric reagent prepared by attaching bromoderivative of 2-oxazolidone into the macromolecular matrix of polystyrene. 3% cross-linked polystyrene was prepared by free radical aqueous suspension polymerization technique using tetra ethylene glycol diacrylate as the cross-linking agent and the resulting beads were functionalized by chloromethylation followed by reaction with 2-oxazolidone. Bromine functionality is introduced into the polymer by treating with bromine in carbon tetrachloride. The synthetic utility of the prepared polymeric reagent was demonstrated by the oxidative coupling of thiols to disulfides under MW irradiation. No over oxidation was observed in this protocol and the utilization of polystyrene support simplifies work up and product isolation. The synthesised polymeric reagent displayed good cyclic stability up to five cycles without any substantial decrease in bromine content and satisfactory storage stability under normal laboratory condition. Moreover this may be the first report that uses MW energy for the oxidation of thiols to disulfides using polymer-supported reagents. [Formula: see text]
Rapid national increases in the hospitalisation of Australian youth due to intentional self-harm between 2008 and 2019
Authors: Delaney Sven K , Allison Stephen , Looi Jeffrey CL , Bidargaddi Niranjan , Bastiampillai Tarun 
Published: November 2021

Objective: Australian youth mental health services have received significant funding over the past 15 years. We analysed data on hospitalisation due to intentional self-harm to determine whether increased youth services were associated with reduction in a key indicator of youth population mental health. Method: Trends in national self-harm hospitalisation data from 2008 to 2019 for youth (<25 years) and adults (>25 years) were analysed using joinpoint regression. Results: Rates of hospitalisation due to intentional self-harm increased significantly in both male (1.1% per annum, 95% CI [0.2%, 1.9%]) and female (3.0% per annum, 95% CI [0.9%, 5.1%]) youth aged <25 years between 2008 and 2019. Female youth had higher rates of hospitalisation than males, and there were average annual increases of 9.1% (95% CI [2.4%, 16.3%]) and 4.0% (95% CI [0.1%, 7.9%]), and absolute increases of 120% and 47.9%, in the rate of hospitalisation of females aged 0–14 and 15–19, respectively. In contrast, there was no overall change in adults (>25 years). Conclusions: Rates of hospitalisation due to intentional self-harm in Australian youth have increased despite significant investment in youth mental health services. This result could be attributable to several sociocultural factors and suggests a critical need for more hospital-based emergency youth mental health services.
Psychiatry is essential for now but might eventually disappear (although this is unlikely to happen any time soon)
Authors: Kelly Brendan D 
Published: November 2021

Objective:To provide an overview of specific aspects of historical and possible future trajectories of psychiatry.Conclusions:Psychiatric treatments alleviate suffering, promote physical health, and are associated with increased longevity. As the biological underpinnings of mental illnesses are slowly uncovered, they generally cease to be primarily part of psychiatry (e.g. epilepsy, anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis). If this process continues, the biological basis of all symptom-based ‘mental illnesses’ might be described, and psychiatry absorbed into neurology and other disciplines. This will be a positive development if it provides better treatment for mental illness and psychiatric symptoms in other conditions, which is psychiatry’s sole concern. Psychiatry’s own survival as a distinct discipline is irrelevant if other disciplines can do the job better, possibly in collaboration. Given the tiny impact of neuroscience on psychiatry to date, the disappearance of psychiatry is unlikely to occur anytime soon, if ever. It is possible that human psychological functioning and psychiatric suffering are sufficiently complex and changeable as to defy complete, fine-grained, neuroscientific explanation. This would leave a role for psychiatry indefinitely, treating the immensely disabling, biologically unexplained clusters of symptoms that we currently call ‘mental illnesses’, increasingly in collaboration with, or absorbed within, other disciplines in medicine.
Training, management, and quality of nursing care of vascular access in adult patients: The INCATIV project
Authors: Casanova-Vivas Sonia , Micó-Esparza José-Luis , García-Abad Isidro , Hevilla-Cucarella Enrique-Bernardo , Ballestar-Tarin María-Luisa , Blasco José-María , García-Molina Pablo 
Published: November 2021

Background: More than one billion of peripheral venous catheters are inserted into hospitalized patients every year. This study sought to identify the status of nursing care in vascular accesses in different hospitals and to evaluate the impact of a series of informative and formative interventions aimed at their care. Methods: Quasi-experimental, multicenter study. A total of 54 nursing professionals of 19 hospitals participated. The intervention consisted of informative talk and three training sessions related to the care and maintenance of vascular accesses and intravenous therapy in the hospital-admitted adult population. This was delivered in four years, with eight periodic cross-sectional assessments conducted before and after each intervention. To assess quality of nursing care in vascular accesses and intravenous therapy, a quality indicator called Standard Variable (VES), was developed and validated with the Delphi methodology. Results: A total of 21,108 patients, aged 64.0 years (SD 18.3), were assessed, of which 78.3% (16,516) had some type of vascular access inserted. An average of 22.1% (95% CI: 21.4–22.7) were classified as optimal. In total, 3218 nursing care professionals took part in the training activities. The VES indicator grew steadily throughout the study, raising from 7.8% to 37.6%. Changes were statistically significant between those time points in which one of the described interventions was delivered; however, there were no significant changes between time points with no intervention. Conclusions: This study supports that continuous training interventions can produce improvements in the quality of nursing care and reduce complications in patients with vascular accesses. In addition, the VES indicator was a useful and simple tool to measure quality, but the experience with its use suggests continuous research in the search for standardized indicators that objectify the evaluation and evolution of care.
Long-term safety and efficacy of rilpivirine in combination with nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors in HIV-1 infected patients: 336-week rollover study of phase 2b and 3 clinical studies
Authors: Molina Jean Michel , Ene Luminita , Cahn Pedro , Fätkenheuer Gerd , Van Wijngaerden Eric , Lombaard Johan , Zakharova Natalia , Van Eygen Veerle , Vanveggel Simon , Van Solingen-Ristea Rodica 
Published: November 2021

Background To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of rilpivirine (RPV), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), in combination with nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected patients. Methods RPV-treated HIV-infected patients from phase 2b or 3 studies rolled-over into this phase 3, open-label study and received RPV 25 mg once daily (QD) with choice of two NRTIs. Adverse events (AEs), plasma viral load, CD4+ cell count, and antiviral resistance were evaluated. Results Of the 482 patients treated, 437 (>90%) patients discontinued study treatment; 371 (77%) had switched to commercially available RPV, 14 (2.9%) discontinued due to AEs, and 6 (1.2%) had virologic failure. In this rollover study, patients were followed up to week 336, although data was limited beyond 288 weeks. Forty-five (9.3%) patients were still undergoing treatment at the time of data cut-off for the current analysis (8 February 2018). The most frequently reported AEs were pregnancy in 7 (1.5%) patients and syphilis in 5 (1.0%) patients. Grade 3–4 AEs were reported in 17 (3.5%) patients, and AEs possibly related to RPV in 23 (4.8%) patients. Over 288 weeks of treatment, 80.1% (95% CI: 74.9%; 84.3%) of patients maintained virologic suppression (HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL). The absolute CD4+ cell count increased over time until week 192 and remained constant thereafter. Conclusions RPV 25 mg QD in combination with an investigator-selected background regimen of two NRTIs demonstrated sustained long-term virologic suppression. The treatment was well-tolerated with no new safety findings.
Bolognina gym
Authors: Scandurra Giuseppe 
Published: November 2021

Abstract This article describes the social organization of the ‘Tranvieri’ boxing gym in Bolognina, a working class Bologna neighbourhood that has seen rapid change over the last 20 years due to the closure of factories and arrival of immigrants, especially from the Maghreb. The population of the gym has changed accordingly: currently, about two-thirds of those attending the gym as a leisure centre are children of immigrants. I have studied the practices of everyday life, the ‘techniques of the body’ of these young boxers born in Italy but without citizenship, who frequent the gym daily after vocational school or work and attending to family responsibilities. For these young men, boxing is not a solution to the frustrations inflicted by a social world they perceive as indifferent, if not hostile, towards them; rather, it offers them a chance to be represented within that world as something other than merely excluded. As scholars have shown, boxing is a male world: women are perceived as extraneous to the gym and, although two or three women practise boxing at Tranvieri, female boxing is generally met with disapproval. The tension between the boxing world and the world of women is also exhibited in the conflict between trainers, who wish to strictly control the athletes in terms of diet, schedules and sexual practices, and the boxers’ mothers, wives and girlfriends.
Physician-Modified Endograft With Triple Inner Branches for Extensive Aortic Arch Aneurysm
Authors: Zhang Yu , Shen Jiayu , Yang Peng , Hu Jia 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this case report was to demonstrate the feasibility of a physician-modified endograft (PMEG) with 3 inner branches for extensive aortic arch aneurysm. Case Report: A 69-year-old male presented with extensive aortic arch aneurysm involving all supra-aortic vessels. An Ankura thoracic stent graft was modified with 3 inner branches fashioned of Viabahn endoprostheses. The procedure was technically successful, and the patient was discharged with no complications. Conclusion: This back-table modification of the off-the-shelf endograft is an especially attractive option for complex arch pathologies with urgency and deemed too high risk for reopen surgery.