bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Think Diabetes in the Workplace: an initiative to raise awareness of diabetes structured education among employers in South London
Authors: Watson Rod , White Alison , Neely Claire , Basudev Neel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The evidence base on the effectiveness of diabetes structured education (SE) programmes in helping people to manage their diabetes is strong. However, despite good levels of referrals for people newly diagnosed with diabetes, attendance at diabetes SE programmes is low. The workplace has been highlighted as a setting within which people with diabetes can be reached and informed about SE and potentially gain access to such programmes.This initiative was aimed at human resources (HR) and occupational health (OH) managers to promote a more flexible approach to improving access to SE for their staff with diabetes.A task and finish group was formed comprising HR and OH representatives from four public sector organisations in south London, patient advocates, diabetes clinicians and the project manager. Several activities were delivered across the organisations which can be grouped into three themes: policy changes, SE delivered in the workplace, and healthy lifestyles awareness‐raising sessions at work.Upon completion, these activities were presented as case studies in an online toolkit along with recommendations for undertaking this initiative in workplaces. Written in the style of a ‘How‐to Guide’, the interactive toolkit is an important resource for employers who want to support their staff with diabetes to attend SE programmes. Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons.
Atypical presentation of stroke in a person with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome
Authors: Phillips Richard E , De Parijat 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A 62‐year‐old man with type 1 diabetes mellitus presented to hospital with new onset anterograde amnesia in the absence of any other focal neurology or visual deficit. Computed tomography of his head revealed an established fronto‐parietal infarct – however, it failed to detect the culprit acute infarct in the left temporal and occipital lobe, which was subsequently revealed by diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging. This posterior cerebral artery stroke is thought to have been caused by thrombotic emboli.This case highlights an atypical stroke presentation in the context of multiple endocrine comorbidities, including type 1 diabetes mellitus, coeliac disease and previously treated hyperthyroidism. This raises the possibility of an autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome. The patient was managed by the stroke and diabetes teams and is currently receiving cognitive rehabilitation in the community.Learning points from this case hinge around recognition of atypical stroke presentations, the limitations of computed tomography in patients with stroke and the contributions that endocrine comorbidities may add to the risk of stroke. Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons.
Delaying and preventing diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Thomas Rebecca L 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is a neurovascular complication of diabetes which is an avoidable cause of sight loss. Since the introduction of screening for diabetic retinopathy in the UK along with improving treatments for both diabetes and diabetic retinopathy it is no longer the leading cause of blindness in the UK. Screening detects diabetic retinopathy at an early stage when optimisation of blood glucose, blood pressure and cholesterol are effective in reducing the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Once proliferative diabetic retinopathy or diabetic macular oedema develops treatment includes laser photocoagulation, intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor injections, steroid injection and vitrectomy. With screening to detect diabetic retinopathy, improved therapies and technologies to help people manage diabetes and treatments for diabetic retinopathy sight loss is preventable for the majority of people. Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons.
Structure of an optimal maintenance policy for a semi‐Markovian deteriorating system with major and minor failures
Authors: Tamura Nobuyuki 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe consider a multistate system wherein deterioration is modeled as a semi‐Markov process with an absorbing state. The system can suffer major and minor failures. When the system reaches the absorbing state, major failure occurs and it is replaced. Meanwhile, minor failure can occur at each state. Upon occurrence of a minor failure, the system is minimally repaired. We propose an optimal state–age‐dependent maintenance policy for the system which minimizes an expected long‐run cost rate. We study structural properties of the optimal maintenance policy and show that a control‐limit policy holds under several assumptions. We also derive a special relation focused on minor failure related to the state–age‐dependent maintenance policy.
A scalable method for the analysis of networked linear systems with decentralized sampled‐data control
Authors: Dileep Deesh , Fiter Christophe , Hetel Laurentiu , Michiels Wim 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this article, the stability analysis problem of networked linear systems with decentralized sampled‐data controllers is considered. The networks under consideration are composed of interconnected identical systems. A dissipativity‐based approach is utilized to analyze stability, grounded in an interconnection interpretation. A structure exploiting and scalable approach is employed to derive a sufficient stability condition for large‐scale linear systems, which is independent of the number of subsystems. In the analysis, the effects of uncertainty on the system models, which include uncertainties that render the coupled systems nonidentical, aperiodic sampling, and a switching network topology, are taken into account. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the main result and simulate the sampled‐data system.
Integration of pelleted biosolids with cover crops for improving soil properties
Authors: Adeli Ardeshir , Brooks John P , Feng Gary , Mozaffari M. , Jenkins Johnie N. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMeasuring and assessing soil properties is critical for understanding how changes in agronomic practices affect the capability of soil to support cropping systems. A field study was conducted on a Marietta silt loam soil at the Plant Science Center at Mississippi State University to determine the effects of pelleted biosolids (PBS) relative to poultry litter (PL) and inorganic N fertilizer applied to corn (Zea mays L.) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in the presence of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cover crop (WCC) and winter fallow (WF) on soil properties. Experimental design was a split‐plot randomized complete block with three replications. The whole plots were WCC and WF and the subplots were fertilization. Fertilization treatments included PBS and PL at 11.2 Mg ha–1 and 6.7 Mg ha–1 applied to corn and cotton, a one‐time single application at 37 Mg PBS ha–1 to corn in 2016, inorganic N fertilizer at the recommended rate, and an unfertilized control. Soil cores were collected after harvest and analyzed for nutrient concentrations, water stable aggregate (WSA), and enzyme activities. The WCC reduced bulk density (ρb) and penetration resistance (PR) and increased soil total C (TC), WSA, and infiltration rate, as compared with winter fallow (WF). Relative to inorganic N fertilizer, application of PBS decreased soil ρb and PR by 3 and 20%, respectively, and increased soil TC, WSA, and infiltration by 19, 23, and 45%, respectively. A combination of PBS and WCC improved soil physical and chemical properties under southeast agroecosystems.
Development of Graphene Quantum Dots by Valorizing the Bioresources – A Critical Review
Authors: Mili Medha , Jaiswal Ayushi , Hada Vaishnavi , Sagiri Sai S. , Pal Kunal , Chowdhary Rashmi , Malik Rajesh , Gupta Radha S. , Gupta Manoj K. , Chourasia Jamana P. , Hashmi Sar , Rathore Sanjai K. S. , Srivastava Avanish K. , Verma Sarika 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGraphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) are carbon‐based, nanoscale particles that display remarkable physical and organic properties. They are chemically and physically stable and eco‐friendly due to their non‐toxic and biologically inert nature. Various bioresources are used to synthesize GQDs to ensure biosafety and cost‐effectiveness. In this work, a critical review has been done by focusing on top‐down and bottom‐up synthesis strategies. GQDs by valorizing various bioresources like bamboo, neem leaves, mango leaves, paper fibers, rice husk, starch, honey, wood charcoal, coffee grounds, corn powder, and lime oil extract is highlighted in the present review. State‐of‐the‐art and future outlooks on the development and advancement of GQDs applications are also being addressed. Based on the surveyed literature, GQDs provide extensive use in various areas like bioimaging, nanomedicine, photocatalysis, light‐emitting diodes, solar cells, and sensors.
Copper‐Mediated Oxidative [3+2]‐Annulation of Nitroalkenes and Ylides of 1,2‐Diazines: Assembly of Functionalized Pyrrolo[1,2‐b]pyridazines
Authors: Motornov Vladimir A. , Tabolin Andrey A. , Nenajdenko Valentine G. , Ioffe Sema L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOxidative [3+2]‐annulation reactions between nitroalkenes and pyridazinium ylides mediated by Cu(OAc)2⋅H2O were investigated. Functionalized pyrrolo[1,2‐b]pyridazines and pyrrolo[1,2‐a]phthalazines were accessed via this route. Starting from α‐fluoronitroalkenes the reaction provides the first preparative synthesis of a broad scope of 5‐fluoro‐pyrrolo[1,2‐b]pyridazines. The substrate scope in the case of α‐unsubstituted nitroalkenes was investigated. Mechanistic features of the oxidative annulation reaction were studied to support the stepwise [3+2]‐cycloaddition/oxidation/HNO2 elimination mechanism. Partially saturated primary [3+2]‐adducts were isolated and characterized as key intermediates.
Impact of Curdlan Addition on the Properties of Konjac Glucomannan/Ethyl Cellulose Composite Films
Authors: Wu Kao , Li Xin , Yan Xu , Wan Yi , Miao Likun , Xiao Man , Jiang Fatang , Chen Sheng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAn edible film containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components could have good mechanical and moisture barrier properties at the same time. Previous research indicated the high potential of konjac glucomannan (KGM) and ethyl cellulose (EC) film in the development of novel edible films, and this study aimed to further improve the hydrophobicity and film properties by addition of curdlan to prepare KGM/curdlan/EC ternary composite films. Results indicated that the addition could significantly change the water contact angle, moisture barrier properties, and mechanical properties of the KGM/EC films, and the optimum addition amount is considered to be 20% of the total weight of KGM and EC. The SEM images, FTIR, and XRD results indicated that the molecular interaction between curdlan and other film components is relatively weak, and this is probably cause by that curdlan remained in the triple‐helix structure under the preparation condition. Therefore curdlan should mainly act as the filling components of the films, and too low or too high addition amount led to decreased mechanical and water vapor permeability properties. The obtained results may offer suggestions to prepare ternary composite edible films with curdlan addition.
Molecular evaluation and genetic characterisation of Newcastle disease virus's haemagglutinin‐neuraminidase protein isolated from broiler chickens in Iran
Authors: Shafaati Mohammadreza , Ghorbani Masoud , Mahmodi Minoo , Ebadi Mostafa , Jalalirad Reza 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundNewcastle disease (ND) virus (NDV) is one of the major pathogens in poultry farms that causes severe economic damages to the poultry industry, especially broiler chicken and turkey farms. Despite the endemicity of ND and its many epidemics in the country, the nature of the Iranian strain of the Newcastle virus is still largely unknown. This study aimed to characterise and evaluate NDV isolates obtained from commercial poultry farms in Iran in 2019 through haemagglutinin‐neuraminidase (HN) gene sequencing.MethodHN gene of each NDV isolate was amplified and sequenced using specific primers followed by phylogenetic analysis of full length of HN gene open reading frame and amino acid (aa) sequence of HN.ResultsPhylogenetic analysis of the HN gene showed that the virus is very closely related to genotypes VII and III. Analysis of HN gene nucleotide sequences showed that all isolates encode proteins with a length of 571 aa.ConclusionResults of the present study are useful for a better understanding of molecular epidemiology of indigenous NDV strains and determining important molecular differences between fields and commonly used vaccine strains related to main immunogenic proteins.
An in vitro study of ApxI from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 10 and induction of NLRP3 inflammasome‐dependent cell death
Authors: Hernandez‐Cuellar Eduardo , Guerrero‐Barrera Alma Lilián , Avelar‐Gonzalez Francisco Javier , Díaz Juan Manuel , Chávez‐Reyes Jesús , Salazar de Santiago Alfredo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundActinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (AP) is the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia. Apx exotoxins are the most important virulence factors associated with the induction of lesions. ApxI is highly cytotoxic on a wide range of cells. Besides the induction of necrosis and apoptosis of ApxI on porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), its role in pyroptosis, a caspase‐1‐dependent form of cell death, has not been reported. The aim of this study was to analyse if NLRP3 inflammasome participates in cell death induced by ApxI.MethodsPAMs, the porcine alveolar macrophage cell line 3D4/21 and a porcine aortic endothelial cell line were used in this study. We used Z‐VAD‐FMK and Ac‐YVAD‐cmk to inhibit caspase‐1. Glyburide and MCC950 were used to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome. A lactate dehydrogenase release assay was used to measure the percentage of cell death. Caspase‐1 expression was analysed by immunofluorescence. End‐point RT‐PCR was used to analyse the expression of NLRP3 mRNA.ResultsRapid cell death in PAMs, 3D4/21 cells and the endothelial cell line were induced by ApxI. This cell death decreased by using caspase‐1 and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors and by blocking the K+ efflux. Expression of NLRP3 mRNA was induced by ApxI in alveolar macrophages while it was constitutive in the endothelial cell line. Detection of caspase‐1 in alveolar macrophages was higher after ApxI treatment and it was blocked by MCC950 or heat inactivation.ConclusionsTo the best of the authors' knowledge, we have described for the first time in vitro induction of ApxI associated pyroptosis in alveolar macrophages and endothelial cells, a rapid cell death that depends on the activation of caspase‐1 via the NLRP3 inflammasome.
AdS2 geometries and non-Abelian T-duality in non-compact spaces
Authors: Ramirez Anayeli 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We obtain an AdS2 solution to Type IIA supergravity with 4 Poincaré supersymmetries, via non-Abelian T-duality with respect to a freely acting SL(2,R) isometry group, operating on the AdS3×S3×CY2 solution to Type IIB. That is, non-Abelian T-duality on AdS3. The dual background obtained fits in the class of AdS2×S3×CY2 solutions to massive Type IIA constructed in [1]. We propose and study a quiver quantum mechanics dual to this solution that we interpret as describing the backreaction of the baryon vertex of a D4-D8 brane intersection.
Quantum work and information geometry of a quantum Myers-Perry black hole
Authors: Pourhassan Behnam , Wani Salman Sajad , Soroushfar Saheb , Faizal Mir 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we will obtain quantum work for a quantum scale five dimensional Myers-Perry black hole. Unlike heat represented by Hawking radiation, the quantum work is represented by a unitary information preserving process, and becomes important for black holes only at small quantum scales. It will be observed that at such short distances, the quantum work will be corrected by non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections. We will use the Jarzynski equality to obtain this quantum work modified by non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections. These non-perturbative corrections will also modify the stability of a quantum Myers-Perry black hole. We will define a quantum corrected information geometry by incorporating the non-perturbative quantum corrections in the information geometry of a Myers-Perry black hole. We will use several different quantum corrected effective information metrics to analyze the stability of a quantum Myers-Perry black hole.
Deformations of surface defect moduli spaces
Authors: Neitzke Andrew , Shehper Ali 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Given a 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 superconformal theory with an $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (2, 2) superconformal surface defect, a marginal perturbation of the bulk theory induces a complex structure deformation of the defect moduli space. We describe a concrete way of computing this deformation using the bulk-defect OPE.
CP-Violation in a composite 2-Higgs doublet model
Authors: De Curtis Stefania , Moretti Stefano , Nagai Ryo , Yagyu Kei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We study CP-Violation (CPV) in a Composite 2-Higgs Doublet Model (C2HDM) based on the global symmetry breaking SO(6)/[SO(4) × SO(2)], wherein the strong sector is modeled by a two-site moose structure. Non-trivial complex phases in the interactions involving fermions in both the elementary and strong sectors can induce CPV in the Higgs potential as well as the Yukawa coupling parameters. We compute both of the latter and analyse their dependence upon the aforementioned complex phases. Finally, we discuss physics observables which are distinctive of this model. Even in the simplest case with only one complex phase in the strong sector we can get significant CPV effects.
Haarwachstum unter Dupilumab bei Alopecia areata universalis und atopischer Dermatitis
Authors: Reinhold L. , Lange K. , Lindhof H. , Homey B. , Firouzi-Memarpuri P. 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungBerichtet wird über eine 46-jährige Patientin, die seit ihrer frühen Kindheit unter einer schweren atopischen Dermatitis leidet und seit ihrem 18. Lebensjahr unter einer Alopecia areata totalis, die mittlerweile in eine Alopecia areata universalis übergegangen ist. Durch die Einleitung einer Therapie mit dem monoklonalen Antikörper Dupilumab wurde erneutes Haarwachstum am Kapillitium, im Gesicht und an den Unterschenkeln beobachtet. Dupilumab blockiert die α‑Untereinheit des IL(Interleukin)-4-Rezeptors, unterbindet die Signalkaskade von IL‑4 und IL-13 und führt so zu einer reduzierten Th2-Immunantwort. Die schwere Ausprägung der Ekzeme und der Juckreiz mit Ein- und Durchschlafstörungen sind bereits 14 Tage nach Beginn der Einnahme zurückgegangen. Die Patientin verträgt das Medikament ohne wesentliche Nebenwirkungen, ihre Lebensqualität ist deutlich verbessert. Patienten mit einer schweren atopischen Dermatitis und einer Alopecia areata könnten von Dupilumab in Zukunft doppelt profitieren.
Job rotation and human–robot collaboration for enhancing ergonomics in assembly lines by a genetic algorithm
Authors: Dalle Mura Michela , Dini Gino 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCurrently, the largest percentage of the employed workforce in the manufacturing industry is involved in the assembly process, making ergonomics a key factor when dealing with assembly-related problems. During these processes, repetitive tasks and heavy component handling are frequent for workers, who may result overloaded from an energetic point of view, thus affecting several aspects not only relating to the human factor but also to potentially reduced productivity. Different organizational strategies and technological solutions could be adopted to overcome these drawbacks. For these purposes, the present paper proposes a genetic algorithm for solving the typical problem of assembly line balancing, taking into account job rotation and human–robot collaboration for enhancing ergonomics of workers. The objectives of the problem are related to both economic aspects and human factor: (i) the cost for implementing the assembly line is minimized, evaluated on the basis of the number of workers and differentiated by skill levels and on equipment installed on workstations, including collaborative robots, and (ii) the energy load variance among workers is also minimized, so as to smooth their energy expenditure in performing the assigned assembly operations, calculated according to their movements, physiological characteristics, job rotations and degree of collaboration with robots. The paper finally presents and discusses the application of the developed tool to an industrial assembly case.
Thermodynamics of semi-specific ligand recognition: the binding of dipeptides to the E.coli dipeptide binding protein DppA
Authors: Zainol Mohamad K. M. , Linforth Robert J. C. , Winzor Donald J. , Scott David J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis investigation of the temperature dependence of DppA interactions with a subset of three dipeptides (AA. AF and FA) by isothermal titration calorimetry has revealed the negative heat capacity ($$\Delta {C}_{p}^{o}$$ΔCpo) that is a characteristic of hydrophobic interactions. The observation of enthalpy–entropy compensation is interpreted in terms of the increased structuring of water molecules trapped in a hydrophobic environment, the enthalpic energy gain from which is automatically countered by the entropy decrease associated with consequent loss of water structure flexibility. Specificity for dipeptides stems from appropriate spacing of designated DppA aspartate and arginine residues for electrostatic interaction with the terminal amino and carboxyl groups of a dipeptide, after which the binding pocket closes to become completely isolated from the aqueous environment. Any differences in chemical reactivity of the dipeptide sidechains are thereby modulated by their occurrence in a hydrophobic environment where changes in the structural state of entrapped water molecules give rise to the phenomenon of enthalpy–entropy compensation. The consequent minimization of differences in the value of ΔG0for all DppA–dipeptide interactions thus provides thermodynamic insight into the biological role of DppA as a transporter of all dipeptides across the periplasmic membrane.