bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural Strength Assessment of Dented Steel Tubular Members
Authors: Saad-Eldeen S. , Helal Mahmoud , Fathallah Elsayed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Tubular members are widely used in oil and gas offshore production and drilling structures either fixed or mobile units. Due to complex operational conditions, the tubular members are subjected to both age and mechanical related damage, which in turn affect the ability of the structure to withstand the applied loads. This motivates the importance of investigating the behavior of tubular members considering the presence of dentation resulting from collision or falling objects and consequently assessing the residual strength of the damaged members accurately. A series of finite element analysis are performed to study the pre- and post-ultimate strength behavior of intact and locally dented un-stiffened steel tubular members subjected to four-point bending. The effects of dent geometrical parameters; length, width, depth, orientation, and location on the ultimate load carrying capacity are analyzed. The ratio between the diameters to the shell thickness is varied, where combined local and global initial imperfections are considered. Buckling and post collapse analysis as well as modes of failure are studied. Parametric diagrams for the ultimate residual strength as a function of dent geometry and the location of damage are also presented. Several concluding remarks are stated which benefit the structural integrity assessment of tubular steel members.
Efficient Modelling of Harsh Environment Disturbances for DP and Autonomous Ships Simulations
Authors: Zaman Hasanat , Islam Mohammed , Alagili Osama , Khan Mohammad , Imtiaz Syed , Ahmed Salim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Numerical modelling of the Arctic ocean dynamics with real-time simulation capability is useful for designing, developing, testing, and validating the performance of Dynamically Positioned (DP) and Autonomous ships/offshore platforms. Advanced simulation technology needs to be developed to predict the expected loads on these systems due to the complex interactions with environmental disturbances. This paper presents models of waves, currents, wind, and ice that comply with the real-time simulation requirements and adequately capture the dynamic characteristics of the most relevant physical processes. A 3D dispersive numerical model is deployed to predict the wave parameters to be utilized to compute the wave loads on a ship with known Response Amplitude Operators (RAO). A uniform current load is then incorporated in a superposition manner by using a combined wave-current field dispersion relation capable of expressing the wavenumber of an interactive wave-current field. The mean and the gust wind components are added to the resultant force components. A multiple regression-based ice model is used to predict the loads caused by an ice field characterized by varied ice thickness, concentration, floe size, drift speed and directions. The stationkeeping performance of a generic DP-controlled ship subjected to environmental disturbances is evaluated for a range of environmental conditions. The proposed models can help design, develop, and evaluate dynamic positioning and autonomous ship controllers’ performance. Another application may be developing a realistic simulation environment to train conventional, DP-controlled and autonomous ship operators.
Integrity Monitoring of Offshore Arctic Pipelines
Authors: Cowin Todd G. , Lanan Glenn A. , Paulin Mike , DeGeer Duane 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
For safe and cost-efficient operations of new and existing offshore Arctic pipelines, monitoring of pipeline structural integrity is imperative. A well-founded pipeline integrity management program can optimize production output, extend the life of the pipeline, and serve as a tool for providing preventative maintenance information. Without the implementation of a routine integrity monitoring campaign, pipeline integrity degradation may go undetected until the point of failure.
Arctic-specific offshore pipeline design and operational challenges, such as strudel scour, seabed ice gouge, pipeline upheaval buckling, permafrost thaw settlement, and remote location increase the risk and severity of a loss of pipeline integrity. These design cases can create abnormal conditions and ground deformations along sections of the pipeline which can be difficult to immediately detect through standard integrity monitoring systems and schedules. Many of the existing offshore pipelines in the Arctic are buried in remote locations under seasonal ice cover and the failure to detect pipeline damage in a timely manner could have severe safety, environmental, and economic consequences. An Arctic pipeline integrity monitoring philosophy can be implemented to provide further mitigation against loss of pipeline structural integrity by means of regular bathymetry surveys, In-Line Inspection (ILI) campaigns and Fiber Optic Cable (FOC) monitoring.
This paper provides a guideline for buried offshore Arctic pipeline integrity monitoring. The guideline covers pipeline integrity assurance incorporated into the pipeline design, the surveys to be completed during installation, as-built assessment of the pipeline profile, the warm-up assessment/implementation needed before start-up, and the integrity inspections to be completed during operations.
Wave Excitation Force Estimation for a Multi-DoF WEC via a Cubature Kalman Filter: Design and Preliminary Results
Authors: Nguyen Hoai-Nam , Tona Paolino , Mérigaud Alexis , Cocho Mathieu , Pichard Alexandre 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the design and implementation of a wave excitation force estimator based on the cubature Kalman filter (CKF) for a CETO 6, a submersed wave energy converter controlled using three power take-off systems attached to the tether lines. Wave excitation force estimation is required by many advanced wav energy converter (WEC) control approaches. However, contrary to the single degree-of-freedom (1-DoF) case, the literature on the design of wave estimators is quite scarce for devices with multiple degrees-of-freedom. The advantages of CKF wave estimator described in the paper are its performance and ease of tuning when working with a high-order system, as it is the case for the 6-DoF linear model used for the design. Preliminary results for all the 6 directions are presented in nominal conditions and also in mismatch conditions, where the estimator is applied to a full nonlinear model of the system, under the action of long-crested and short-crested waves.
On the Plastic Bending Responses of Dented Lined Pipe
Authors: Yuan Lin , Zhou Jiasheng , Liu Haowei , Chen Nian-Zhong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Mechanically lined pipe, which was proven to be cost-effective in transporting corrosive hydrocarbons, has been used in many offshore applications. However, one weakness of this product is that the liner is extremely sensitive to geometric imperfections and can wrinkle and collapse under severe loading. As typical damage of the pipeline, the local dent of the lined pipe involves the deformation of both the carrier pipe and the liner, which poses a severe threat to the integrity of the composite structure.
In this paper, we developed a numerical framework to study the responses of the lined pipe during indentation and, more importantly, the influence of local dents on the bending capacity of lined pipes. A slight separation between the liner and the carrier pipe was observed during the indentation, depending on the indenter’s geometric feature. Under bending, the liner typically collapsed earlier than the carrier pipe, causing a considerable reduction of the critical curvature and ultimate load-carrying capacity. The evolution of the deformation of the composite structure during the bending process is presented in this paper. Parametric investigations of some vital variables of the problem were also performed to study their influence on the behavior under indentation and the bending capacity of the composite structure.
A Second Benchmarking Exercise on Estimating Extreme Environmental Conditions: Methodology & Baseline Results
Authors: Mackay Ed , Haselsteiner Andreas F. , Coe Ryan G. , Manuel Lance 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Estimating extreme environmental conditions remains a key challenge in the design of offshore structures. This paper describes an exercise for benchmarking methods for extreme environmental conditions, which follows on from an initial benchmarking exercise introduced at OMAE 2019. In this second exercise, we address the problem of estimating extreme metocean conditions in a variable and changing climate. The study makes use of several very long datasets from a global climate model, including a 165-year historical run, a 700-year pre-industrial control run, which represents a quasi-steady state climate, and several runs under various future emissions scenarios. The availability of the long datasets allows for an in-depth analysis of the uncertainties in the estimated extreme conditions and an attribution of the relative importance of uncertainties resulting from modelling choices, natural climate variability, and potential future changes to the climate. This paper outlines the methodology for the second collaborative benchmarking exercise as well as presenting baseline results for the selected datasets.
A Model to Assess the Susceptibility of a Multicolumn FOWT Platform to Vortex-Induced Motions in Early Design Stages
Authors: Pesce Celso P. , Amaral Giovanni A. , Mendes Bruno , Oliveira Everton L. , Franzini Guilherme R. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As well known, VIM is a complex phenomenon that requires nonlinear models to be constructed and simulated, either through computationally demanding CFD approaches or by making use of reduced-order models (ROM), which are based on phenomenological schemes to emulate the vortex wake dynamics. However, even ROM approaches might be relatively time demanding to be used efficiently during initial stages of design, particularly within optimization schemes. A simple model is herein proposed to treat this rather complex problem in the design context. For a range of current intensities and for a complete turn of current directions, offsets and headings are determined, for which maps of natural periods and corresponding modes of oscillations are constructed. A criterion to inspect modes that are prone to resonance is proposed and polar maps of susceptibility to VIM are plotted. The criterion considers ratios between exciting and natural frequencies. Dominances of translational or yaw motions on resonant modes are quantified and discussed. To assess the proposed strategy, VIM susceptibility polar maps are confronted with results of time domain simulations, using a nonlinear ROM. The OC4-DEEPCWIND Floating Wind Turbine is taken as case-study.
Sex-specific differences in physical health and health services use among Canadian Veterans: a retrospective cohort study using healthcare administrative data
Authors: St Cyr Kate , Aiken A B , Cramm H , Whitehead M , Kurdyak P , Mahar A L 
Published: October 2021

IntroductionMilitary occupations have historically been, and continue to be, male dominated. As such, female military Veteran populations tend to be understudied, and comparisons of the physical health status and patterns of health services use between male and female Veterans are limited outside of US samples. This study aimed to compare the physical health and health services use between male and female Veterans residing in Ontario, Canada.MethodsA retrospective cohort of 27 058 male and 4701 female Veterans residing in Ontario whose military service ended between 1990 and 2019 was identified using routinely collected administrative healthcare data. Logistic and Poisson regression models were used to assess sex-specific differences in the prevalence of select physical health conditions and rates of health services use, after multivariable adjustment for age, region of residence, rurality, neighbourhood median income quintile, length of service in years and number of comorbidities.ResultsThe risk of rheumatoid arthritis and asthma was higher for female Veterans compared with male Veterans. Female Veterans had a lower risk of myocardial infarction, hypertension and diabetes. No sex-specific differences were noted for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Female Veterans were also more likely to access all types of health services than male Veterans. Further, female Veterans accessed primary, specialist and emergency department care at greater rates than male Veterans. No significant differences were found in the sex-specific rates of hospitalisations or home care use.ConclusionsFemale Veterans residing in Ontario, Canada have different chronic health risks and engage in health services use more frequently than their male counterparts. These findings have important healthcare policy and programme planning implications, in order to ensure female Veterans have access to appropriate health services.
Immunosuppression reduction when administering a booster dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients without adequate humoral response following two vaccine doses: protocol for a randomised controlled trial (BECAME study)
Authors: Yahav Dafna , Rozen-Zvi Benaya , Mashraki Tiki , Atamna Alaa , Ben-Zvi Haim , Bar-Haim Erez , Rahamimov R 
Published: October 2021

IntroductionInadequate antibody response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been described among kidney transplant recipients. Immunosuppression level and specifically, use of antimetabolite in the maintenance immunosuppressive regimen, are associated with inadequate response. In light of the severe consequences of COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients, we believe it is justified to examine new vaccination strategies in these patients.Methods and analysisBECAME is a single-centre, open-label, investigator-initiated randomised controlled, superiority trial, aiming to compare immunosuppression reduction combined with a third BNT162b2 vaccine dose versus third dose alone. The primary outcome will be seropositivity rate against SARS-CoV-2. A sample size of 154 patients was calculated for the seropositivity endpoint assuming 25% seropositivity in the control group and 50% in the intervention group. A sample of participants per arm will be also tested for T-cell response. We also plan to perform a prospective observational study, evaluating seropositivity among ~350 kidney transplant recipients consenting to receive a third vaccine dose, who are not eligible for the randomised controlled trial.Ethics and disseminationThe trial is approved by local ethics committee of Rabin Medical Center (RMC-0192-21). All participants will be required to provide written informed consent. Results of this trial will be published; trial data will be available. Protocol amendments will be submitted to the local ethics committee.Trail registration numberNCT04961229.
A Novel Brain-Permeant Chemotherapeutic Agent for the Treatment of Brain Metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Deng Jiaojiao , Chernikova Sophia B. , Wang Yuelong , Rodriguez Mirna L. , Andersen Stephanie J. , Umeh-Garcia Maxine C. , Godfrey Bryanna O. , Ahmadian Saman S. , Fischer Wolf-Nicolas , Koller Kerry J. , Jandeleit Bernd , Ringold Gordon M. , Gephart Melanie Hayden 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Development of metastases to central nervous system (CNS) is an increasing clinical issue following the diagnosis of advanced breast cancer. The propensity to metastasize to CNS varies by breast cancer subtype. Of the four breast cancer subtypes, triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) have the highest rates of both parenchymal brain metastasis and leptomeningeal metastasis (LM). LM is rapidly fatal due to poor detection and limited therapeutic options. Therapy of TNBC brain metastasis and LM is challenged by multifocal brain metastasis and diffuse spread of LM, and must balance brain penetration, tumor cytotoxicity, and the avoidance of neurotoxicity. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic options in TNBCs CNS metastasis. QBS10072S is a novel chemotherapeutic that leverages TNBC-specific defects in DNA repair and LAT1 (L-amino acid transporter type 1)-dependent transport into the brain. In our study, activity of QBS10072S was investigated in vitro with various cell lines including the human TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 and its brain-tropic derivative MDA-MB-231-BR3. QBS10072S was preferentially toxic to TNBC cells. The efficacy of QBS10072S against brain metastasis and LM was tested using a model of brain metastasis based on the internal carotid injection of luciferase-expressing tumor cells into NuNu mice. The compound was well tolerated, delayed tumor growth and reduced leptomeningeal dissemination, resulting in significant extension of survival. Given that current treatments for LM are palliative with only few studies reporting a survival benefit, QBS10072S is planned to be investigated in clinical trials as a therapeutic for TNBC LM.

Significance:
TNBC brain metastasis often involves dissemination into leptomeninges. Treatment options for TNBC leptomeningeal metastasis are limited and are mostly palliative. Our study demonstrates significant efficacy of the brain-penetrating agent QBS10072S against TNBC brain metastasis and leptomeningeal spread.
Outcomes of Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Cardiac Arrest in Adult Patients in the United States
Authors: Gill George , Patel Jignesh K. , Casali Diego , Rowe Georgina , Meng Hongdao , Megna Dominick , Chikwe Joanna , Parikh Puja B. 
Published: October 2021

Background
Factors associated with poor prognosis following receipt of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in adults with cardiac arrest remain unclear. We aimed to identify predictors of mortality in adults with cardiac arrest receiving ECMO in a nationally representative sample.

Methods and Results
The US Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's National Inpatient Sample was used to identify 782 adults hospitalized with cardiac arrest who received ECMO between 2006 and 2014. The primary outcome of interest was all‐cause in‐hospital mortality. Factors associated with mortality were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. The overall in‐hospital mortality rate was 60.4% (n=472). Patients who died were older and more often men, of non‐White race, and with lower household income than those surviving to discharge. In the risk‐adjusted analysis, independent predictors of mortality included older age, male sex, lower annual income, absence of ventricular arrhythmia, absence of percutaneous coronary intervention, and presence of therapeutic hypothermia.

Conclusions
Demographic and therapeutic factors are independently associated with mortality in patients with cardiac arrest receiving ECMO. Identification of which patients with cardiac arrest may receive the utmost benefit from ECMO may aid with decision‐making regarding its implementation. Larger‐scale studies are warranted to assess the appropriate candidates for ECMO in cardiac arrest.
The Aesthetics of In/Authenticity: Buddhism, Commodification, and Ethnoreligious Belonging in a Sino-Tibetan Contact Zone
Authors: Brox Trine 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article investigates how the cultural politics of ethnoreligious belonging play out through everyday aesthetic practices at a market for Tibetan Buddhist objects in Chengdu, China – a multiethnic place that is perceived and experienced as “Tibetan” by the Tibetans and Chinese who work, live, and shop there. Based upon ethnographic research in Chengdu, I explore how Tibetan urbanites navigate the sensorially intense market, sorting its sights, sounds, and smells to determine who and what belongs as authentically Tibetan Buddhist. In the process, I argue, they are laying claim to an ability to feel the in/authentic acquired through being born and raised as a Tibetan. This practical ability is what I call an aesthetic habitus. Yet, many Tibetans fear this ability is being eroded; it is no longer clear who and what belongs, contributing to anxieties that Tibetans as a distinct ethnoreligious community will be extinguished.
Beethoven and Buddhism in a Japanese Religion: Culture as Cultivation in Soka Gakkai
Authors: McLaughlin Levi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Why is the museum at the headquarters of the lay Japanese Buddhist organization Soka Gakkai full of pianos? How did Gakkai members in Japan come to revere the compositions and ethos of Ludwig van Beethoven as means of defending Buddhist orthodoxy? And how did this Buddhist organization come to rely on classical music as a key form of self-cultivation and institution building? This article draws on ethnographic engagements with musicians in Soka Gakkai, along with study of the Gakkai’s development in 20th-century Japan, to detail how practitioners’ Buddho-cultural pursuits demonstrate ways cultural practices can create religion. Attention to Soka Gakkai’s fusions of European high culture with lay Buddhist teachings and practices troubles static definitions of “Buddhism” and signals the need for broader inquiry into the nature of religious belonging through investigations of aesthetic forms.
Philosophical Perspectives on Eunomia
Authors: Bartels Myrthe L. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This contribution analyses the ancient Greek notion of eunomia in the philosophical prose literature of the fourth century BC. While the term eunomia is often translated as ‘good government’ or ‘good order’, such vague translations fail to capture the specifics of eunomia, and thus part of the philosophical debate about constitutions is lost. Closer inspection reveals that within the fourth-century constitutional debate, eunomia entails two distinct aspects: the excellence of the laws and their durability. These two aspects are predicated of various constitutions: the mixed constitution, of which Sparta and Crete are primary examples in the fourth century; the Athenian democracy as a paradigm of law-abidingness; and philosophical constitutions aiming at virtue. It is a hallmark of the last that such law codes start from marriage and childbirth and follow the course of human life.
The Stoic Conception of Law
Authors: Vogt Katja Maria 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Stoics identify the law with the active principle, which is corporeal, pervades the universe, individuates each part of the world, and causes all its movements. At the same time, the law is normative for all reasoners. The very same law shapes the movements of the cosmos and governs our actions. With this reconstruction of Stoic law, I depart from existing scholarship on whether Stoic law is a set of rules. The question of whether ethics involves a set of rules is rich and fascinating. In the 1970s and 80s, the observation that ancient ethics might do without rules was part of philosophy’s rediscovery of virtue ethics. This debate, however, neglects that Stoic law is a corporeal principle pervading the world. The key puzzle regarding Stoic law, I argue, is how it is possible that the very same law is a corporeal principle in the world and normative for us.