bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma diagnostics during deposition of Zr-B-N coatings by magnetron sputtering of UHTC ceramic in DCMS and HIPIMS modes
Authors: Sytchenko A D , Kiryukhantsev-Korneev Ph V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work, plasma diagnostics during the deposition of Zr-B-N coatings by DCMS and HIPIMS methods were carried out, the structural characteristics and growth rates of the obtained coatings were investigated; the regularities of the influence of the working atmosphere on the composition of the plasma, as well as on the thickness and growth rate of the coatings are revealed. It was found that the introduction of nitrogen leads to a decrease in the concentration of Zr and B ions in the plasma, as a result of which the growth rate of the coatings decreases. Note that, when using the DCMS method, predominantly argon plasma is observed, while with HIPIMS, the plasma is characterized by a large number of metal ions.
Formation of a Cr-Zr surface alloy using a low-energy high-current electron beam
Authors: Markov A B , Yakovlev E V , Solovyov A V , Pesterev E A , Petrov V I , Slobodyan M S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper investigates the regularities of the formation of Cr-Zr surface alloy using a low-energy high-current electron beam (LEHCEB). The influence of the electron-beam processing parameters and the magnetron deposition parameters on the elemental composition of the formed Cr-Zr surface alloy is estimated. It is shown that, for all considered modes, there is a general tendency to a decrease in the chromium content in the surface alloy with an increase in the energy density or the LEHCEB processing pulse number. The thickness increasement of the chromium film applied in one cycle or the surface alloy total thickness increasement leads to an increase in the chromium content in the surface alloy. The LEHCEB processing parameters, namely the energy density and the number of pulses, have a greater effect on the chromium content during the formation of the Cr-Zr surface alloy in comparison to the magnetron sputtering parameters, namely the deposited film thickness and the formed surface alloy thickness. A linear regression model that describes the chromium content in the surface alloy depending on the film thickness, the surface alloy total thickness, the number of pulses and the pulse energy density is proposed.
Plasma electrolytic oxidation of Ti - W surface alloys synthetized by PVD-LEHCEB
Authors: Morini F , Franz S , Vicenzo A , Bestetti M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
An innovative approach exploiting PVD-coupled Low-Energy High-Current Electron Beam (LEHCEB) and Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) techniques were investigated to obtain photoactive TiO2-WO3mixed films. Ti-W surface alloys containing 14 at.% W were synthetized by PVD deposition of 185 nm thick W films onto Ti substrates, followed by LEHCEB alloying at 30 kV for 50 pulses. The obtained Ti-W surface alloys were treated by PEO in 1.5 M H2SO4 at constant cell voltage ranging from 100 to 200 V. The resulting mixed oxide films were investigated by XRD, SEM and EDS analysis. Photoelectrochemical properties were determined by linear sweep voltammetry in dark and under UV-C and UV-VIS irradiation.
Modification and optical degradation of thin multilayers under VUV/UV radiation from compressed plasma flows
Authors: Skriabin A S , Telekh V D , Pavlov A V , Chesnokov D A , Zhupanov V G , Novikov P A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Coaxial plasma accelerators are under consideration for generation of compressed plasma flows which are suitable for emitting of powerful broadband radiation (including the VUV/UV ranges). The using of different gases in a chamber allows to control the spectrum. For inert gases the upper value of energy is limited by its first ionization potential (for neon ≈ 21.55 eV). For air the maximum energy is limited by ≈ 6 eV. Such technical systems are suitable for studying of optical properties stability for thin multilayers and the other coatings. Such tests were fulfilled for bilayers based on HfO2/SiO2 pair on silica substrates which is stable for laser radiation in the visible and IR ranges. It was found that a single exposure of the radiation (for neon and air) caused a relative decline of the radiation durability in ≈ 1.03…1.14 times. Spectral measuring demonstrated that the maximum decline of transmission (up to of ≈ 3…4%) was detected for exposures in neon in the range of 320…450 nm.
Evaluation of magnetic properties of thin magneto-dielectric films deposited from beam plasma in medium vacuum
Authors: Zolotukhin D , Tyunkov A , Yushkov Y 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
By electron-beam evaporation of a solid state dielectrics (alumina ceramics) and a magnetic material (steel-3) in fore-vacuum, thin films of several μm, possessing both dielectric and magnetic properties, were deposited on a substrate. The work shows that the microstrip resonator method can be used to assess the presence of magnetic properties in films.
Two-stage PVD method for protective coating formation
Authors: Burdovitsin V A , Tyunkov A V , Yushkov Y G , Zolotukhin D B 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The CVD methods are typically used for the formation of aluminum oxide coatings since aluminum oxide is a dielectric. The adhesion between the protective coating and the substrate material is normally improved by growing thin intermediate layers based on titanium oxides and nitrides. These intermediate layers are mainly formed using the PVD methods. In this paper, we propose a two-stage PVD method for forming a layered structure on the titanium substrate. The formation of intermediate layers was carried out by the magnetron method (first stage), and the main protective layer was deposited at the second stage using a fore-vacuum electron source. The dense beam plasma generated during the electron beam transport in a fore-vacuum gas medium compensates for the negative electrical charge accumulating on the surface of the aluminum oxide target and facilitates its effective evaporation. The electrical properties of the intermediate layers and the resulting layered coatings have been investigated, including the tangent of dielectric loss angle, the real and imaginary parts of the conductivity and the dielectric constant dependencies on frequency.
Effect of ultraviolet irradiation or diffuse discharge plasma on structure and surface electrical charge of micro-arc calcium phosphate coatings
Authors: Komarova E G , Kazantseva E A , Ripenko V S , Zharin A , Sharkeev Y P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The studies of the effect of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and plasma of a runaway electron preionized diffuse discharge (REP DD) post-treatments on the surface structure and electrical charge of the micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings were performed. The UV irradiation and plasma treatment did not effect on the morphology, roughness and thickness of the MAO coatings. However, these post-treatments led to formation of the small fraction of the crystalline CaHPO4phase in the X-ray amorphous structure of the coatings. Moreover, the UV and REP DD plasma treatments increased the electrostatic potential (EP) negative values from –85 mV to –126 mV of the coatings in the following order: MAO < MAO/UV (for 5 min) < MAO/Plasma (with 10,000 pulses) < MAO/UV (for 20 min) < MAO/Plasma (with 80,000 pulses).
Lead evaporation by VUV radiation of various spectral ranges
Authors: Pavlov A V , Shchepanuk T S , Chebykin E O , Protasov Yu Yu , Telekh V D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The results of an experimental study of the plasma formed by the evaporation of the lead target in the field of powerful broadband VUV radiation are presented. A pulse light-erosion magnetoplasma compressor (MPC’s) discharge is used as a model source of VUV radiation. “Gas filtration” of radiation is used to control the spectral composition – the discharge takes place in pure inert gases: in argon at 200 torr and neon at 400 torr. This allows us to manage the spectral distribution of radiation energy and to limit the energy of quants which irradiate the lead target with the first ionization potential of buffer gas. Shadow photography, toeplergrathy, double exposure laser holographic interferometry are used for diagnostics. Experimentally established different distribution of parameters in the lead plasma depending on the spectral composition of the impact radiation (the composition of buffer gas). It is shown that when the energy of quants increases (above the lead second ionization potential), a more even heating of the plasma layer is realized.
High-entropy ZrTiCrNiCu coating
Authors: Yurov V M , Guchenko S A , Goncharenko V I , Oleshko V S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A magnetron target made of a high-entropy ZrTiCrNiCu alloy was synthesized by mechanical alloying methods followed by annealing in a vacuum furnace. Using this target, coatings were applied to steel samples with a thickness of 7-10 microns. After thermal annealing, the coatings were nanostructured. In terms of microhardness, the ZrTiCrNiCu coating is not inferior to, and in most cases exceeds the hardness of high-entropy equiatomic alloys. A high entropy coating has a low coefficient of friction. They turn out to be anti-friction, which, most likely, leads to energy savings. In this work, the surface energy, contact potential difference and work function of electrons for high-entropy coatings were determined for the first time.
Characterization of size and morphological composition of ablated nanoparticles of cerium dioxide after ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation in aqueous solution
Authors: Mamontov V A , Yu Ryzhenkova A , Pugachevskii M A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper investigates the size and morphological composition of ablated cerium dioxide nanoparticles after ultrasonic dispersion at centrifugation speeds from 800 to 13400 rpm. A nanodispersed solution of cerium dioxide was deposited onto silicon substrates by the drop method. To characterize the size and morphological composition of cerium dioxide nanoparticles, methods of scanning electron and atomic microscopy were used, and X-ray phase analysis was performed. It was found that ablated cerium dioxide particles in an aqueous solution agglomerated and without centrifugation their average size was 162 nm, after centrifugation their average size varied from 86 nm to 142.5 nm. X-ray phase analysis showed that with an increase in the centrifuge speed, the size of the coherent scattering region decreases, which affects the effectiveness of antioxidant properties, for example, in the Fenton reaction.
Investigation of the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment of poultry products by electrophysical methods
Authors: Vazirov R A , Sokovnin S Yu , Krivonogova A S , Isaeva A G 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Improved methods of processing food and agricultural products make it possible to achieve an optimal effect at an acceptable level of its quality. In radiobiology, Methods of synergistic effect of two factors are widespread, in particular, the combination of treatment with ionizing radiation (IR), UV and plasma. The use of these methods in the production cycle can significantly improve processing efficiency. In the present work were treated combined feeds of ‘PK-5’ and ‘PK-6’ in order to investigate the synergistic effect of IR treatment and high pressure gas discharge plasma (HP GDP) radiation. As the source of IR was used the nanosecond electron beam (NEB) of the accelerator URT-1 (1 Mev). To create the HP GDP was used a high-voltage nanosecond generator GVI-150 (150 kV). The obtained results indicate the presence of a synergistic effect of the combined effects of plasma radiation and NEB.
Production of nanopowder of cerium (III) fluoride obtained by pulsed electron beam evaporation in vacuum
Authors: Ilves V G , Sokovnin S Y , Uimin M A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The method of pulsed electron beam evaporation in vacuum was first used to obtain CeF3 nanopowder (NP). During NP production, a high evaporation rate of the target (~ 7 g/h) and a higher percentage of NP collection (> 72%) were observed, both for fluoride and the previously obtained CeO2 oxide. It was found that the produced NP contains two crystalline phases: hexagonal CeF3 (95 wt.%, coherent scattering region ≈ 8 nm and [Ce-O-F] or [Ce-F]. The magnetic susceptibility of CeF3 nanoparticles (NPles) coincides with the susceptibility of micron particles, indicating the potential for using such NPles as a contrast agent for tomography. High specific surface area (CeO2-270 m2/g, CeF3 – 62 m2/g), large pore volume (0.35-0.11 cm3/g) allow the use of NPles as nanocontainers for drug delivery.
Preparation of iron oxide nanopowders by the radiation-chemical method
Authors: Balezin M E , Sokovnin S Y , Uimin M A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Various magnetic nanopowders of iron oxide were obtained using the radiation-chemical method when irradiated with a nanosecond electron beam. The main physical and chemical characteristics of the prepared nanopowders were studied, such as structure, porosity, thermal resistance and magnetic properties. It was found that, by selecting precursors and the composition of the solution, it is possible to control not only the textural properties and yield of the obtained nanopowders (by changing the dose and dose rate intensity of the electron beam), but also to obtain crystalline or amorphous nanopowders, on which their magnetic properties depend.
Investigation of biological and photocatalytic activity of multimodal nanopowders produced by pulsed electron beam evaporation in vacuum
Authors: Svetlova A , Yu Sokovnin S , Il’ves V G 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nanopowders doped with silver were produced by the method of pulsed electron beam evaporation. The pore sizes of the nanoparticles were 25-32 nm. Evaluation of photocatalytic and cytotoxic properties on cells was carried out. The prospects of using multimodal nanopowders as a photocatalytic agent, as well as for use in medicine, have been shown.
Application of a nanosecond corona discharge generator for electrical separation of ores
Authors: Korzhenevskiy S R , Komarskiy A A , Ponomarev A V , Chepusov A S , Krasniy O D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The use of a pulsed nanosecond voltage source in a corona separator was investigated. Measurements of the distribution of corona discharge current were obtained. The influence of the interelectrode distance on the distribution of the corona discharge current was investigated. Experiments with gold-bearing quartz-sulfide ore and ilmenite ore were carried out. A concentrate was obtained with a gold content of 48 g/t, a mass equal to 18.7% of the original, which corresponds to the extraction of 92% of gold. The titanium content of ilmenite was enriched from 2.87% to 18.1%.
Effect of pulsed soft X-ray radiation on the surface topography of some metals
Authors: Ligachev A E , Zhidkov M V , Sorokin S A , Potemkin G V , Kolobov Yu R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Effect of the pulsed soft X-ray fluxes (PSXF) on the surface topography of metals (Mg and Cu) has been investigated. Soft pulse X-ray irradiation (energy quanta of 0.1-1.0 keV) were carried out on a high-current MIG generator. The sample of magnesium was located at a distance of 10 cm from the X-ray source. Since the distance to the sample significantly exceeded the size of the X-ray beam, it can be assumed that the density of the X-ray radiation flow to the magnesium sample was uniform. The duration of the radiation pulse was 100 ns, and the radiation energy density in the pulse varied from 13 to 19 J/cm2. As a result of melting under the action of PSXF of the near-surface layer of metals and subsequent solidification, a wavy relief is formed on their surface. Defects in the form of craters, which usually occur after the impact of a powerful pulsed ion flow on metals, were not detected.
Investigation of the relative reactivity of volatile organic compounds in the air plasma of a pulsed corona discharge by the method of competing reactions
Authors: Filatov I E , Uvarin V V , Nikiforova E V , Kuznetsov D L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A method for determining the relative reactivity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with respect to the air plasma of a pulsed corona discharge is proposed. It is based on the use of specially selected mixtures of organic compounds. The approach is based on the method of competing reactions: all components of the mixture are in equal conditions, so the relative reactivity can be determined with high accuracy using the gas chromatography. The parameters of scaling processes are proposed – plasma chemical yield, relative reactivity, formal reagent as a set of plasma components. In this paper, using the example of a number of VOCs, we demonstrate the extended capabilities of the method using a special technique for processing experimental data. More accurate data on the relative reactivity of a number of VOCs of wide application have been obtained. It is proposed to use the energy yield of ozone as a criterion for the energy efficiency of a plasma chemical installation.
Synthesis of MAX-phases, structure and phase composition of modified layers on titanium alloy VT-1 as a result of electron-beam treatment
Authors: Lapina A E , Smirnyagina N N , Khaltanova V M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of research and identification of optimal conditions of formation of MAX-phases during treatment of titanium alloy VT-1 by an electron beam in a vacuum. The study of strength characteristics, thermal properties of composite layers was carried out. Thermodynamic study of phase equilibrium in Ti-Si-C and Ti-B-C systems under high vacuum conditions was carried out in order to optimize conditions of formation of functional layers. A mathematical model of the thermal impact of a powerful fast-moving electron beam on the surface of a titanium alloy has been developed VT-1 under the conditions of electron beam processing in the framework of the theory of thermal conductivity using the COMSOL Multiphysics software complex. The obtained numerical results made it possible to investigate the regularity of the distribution of temperatures and their rates of change depending on the action of the electron beam.
Effect of cold plasma on proliferation rate of mammalian cells in vitro
Authors: Shershunova E A , Moshkunov S I , Nebogatkin S V , Rogovaya O S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Human keratinocytes HaCaT and human carcinoma cells A431 have been treated in vitro by a cold argon plasma jet with an average power value of 0.72 mW/cm2. There were made estimations of proliferation rate and cell viability in a day after the exposition. In contrast to the cell viability of both cell lines there were revealed significant differences in proliferation rates of keratinocytes and cancer cells after plasma treatment.
Production of nanopowders of bismuth oxide doped with silver by pulsed electron beam evaporation in vacuum
Authors: Ilves V G , Sokovnin S Y , Uimin M A 
Published: November 2021

AbstractVarious bismuth containing compounds are promising in many applications, including for creating photocatalysts based on them using a visible range of light. However, strong polymorphism (9 polymophic phases of Bi2O3), thermal instability and changes in the properties of bismuth oxide during long-term storage significantly complicate work with it. One way to increase stability and improve photocatalytic properties is by doping Bi2O3with various metals. Ag doped Bi2O3nanoparticles (NPs) are typically produced using chemical techniques often associated with the presence of toxic chemicals. The present paper used an environmentally friendly method of producing NPs using the method of pulsed electron beam evaporation in vacuum. The evaporation target was obtained by solid phase synthesis in an electric furnace on air using silver nitrate additives (1 and 5 wt.%). Textural, thermal and magnetic properties of the obtained NPs have been studied. Was found that the Ag-Bi2O3NPs have a specific surface area (SSA) of 23.7 m2/g, which was almost 2 times bigger than the SSA of the pure Bi2O3(13.2 m2/g) obtained previously. The thermal stability of the Ag-doped Bi2O3samples was maintained to the temperature 350°C. While further heating on air took place the phase transitionβ → α
Investigation of changes in field electron emission characteristics of industrial fine-grained graphite when operated in an argon atmosphere up to 10–2 Pa
Authors: Chepusov A S , Komarskiy A A , Korzhenevskiy S R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Studying of field electron emission properties of carbon cathodes operating under technical vacuum conditions is a promising scientific field. Massive cathode made of commercial fine-grained graphite of MG (Russian abbreviation) grade is being investigated. Experiments on obtaining current-voltage characteristics and long-term testing are being carried out. The emitter made of fine-grained graphite demonstrates good emission properties under technical vacuum conditions. Carbon cathode is capable of operating at pressures up to 2×10–2 Pa. Increased pressure in the vacuum chamber leads to deterioration of cathode emission properties. Electric field enhancement factors were calculated for all stages of studies. Analysis of experimental data demonstrates decrease in enhancement factor due to ion bombardment of cathode surface during exploitation. This results in higher electric field for operation of investigated graphite cold cathodes.
Processes of chemical transformations in heavy aromatic hydrocarbons of the Surakhan oil under the action of UV rays
Authors: Yolchuyeva U J , Jafarova R A , Abbasov V M , Mursalov N I , Hajiyeva G A , Ibragimova R A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Photooxidative transformations and mechanisms of oxidative reactions in aromatic groups of hydrocarbons isolated from heavy Surakhan (Azerbaijan) petroleum under atmospheric conditions have been investigated. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are part of the aromatic components of heavy Surakhan petroleum, after irradiation with UV rays for 1÷11 hours in the presence of oxygen undergo chemical transformations: endoperoxides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, quinones, etc. are formed. It was found that oxidation products under atmospheric conditions can be formed as follows: during the oxidation of acenes (naphthalene, anthracene), which are part of the aromatic groups of petroleum components, excited aromatic hydrocarbons (donor) interact with atmospheric oxygen (acceptor) in the triplet state with the transition of the acceptor to excited state with the formation of singlet oxygen 1O2, in this case the donor molecule returns to the ground state. When phenanthrene is photooxidized, quinones are formed (the reaction is irreversible).
Electric arc in plasma flow of gas discharge with a liquid electrolyte
Authors: Tazmeev G K , Tazmeev A K , Tazmeev B K 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The properties of an electric arc ignited in a gas discharge plasma flow with a liquid electrolyte cathode are experimentally investigated. Aqueous solutions of sodium chloride with a specific electrical conductivity of 10-15 mS/cm were used as a liquid electrolyte. The distance between the anode and the liquid electrolyte cathode was set in the range of 5-60 mm, and the distance between the anode and the metal cathode was varied in the range of 2-30 mm. The current of gas discharge with a liquid electrolyte cathode was set in the range of 5-10 A, and the arc current varied in the range of 1-10 A. The conditions under which the arc burns with the formation of a contracted channel are revealed.