bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pumped Hydroelectricity and Utility-Scale Batteries for Reserve Electricity Generation in New Zealand
Authors:   , Kear Gareth 
Published: November 2021

<p>Non-pumped hydroelectricity-based energy storage in New Zealand has only limited potential to expand to meet projected growth in electricity demand. Seasonal variations of hydro inflows have also led to several 'dry-year' events over the last decade and dedicated fast-start 'peaker' capacity may also be required to support wind power as it approaches a 20% generation share. In this research, the New Zealand electricity industry has been surveyed in regard to the feasibility of reducing CO2-e emissions through the introduction of pumped hydroelectricity and utility-scale batteries by 2025. A desk-based review of the economic costs of these technologies has also been performed and their drivers and barriers critically assessed. Most respondents to the survey projected that peak power demand will continue to increase and this will result in new-build centralised (~150 MW) thermal reserve power sources. In New Zealand, the costs of pumped hydro and batteries are seen to be prohibitive to their introduction, even though they are almost universally assumed to be technically capable of providing renewables support and peak power adequacy. The perception of the poor economic viability of pumped hydro may, in part, be due to the relatively high capital cost estimate associated with the Manorburn-Onslow proposal (~NZ$3 billion). This research has shown, however, that smaller, 'more-internationally-representative' pumped hydro schemes, if available in NZ with low associated environmental impact, are cost-competitive with thermal peakers, especially diesel peakers. Conversely, utility-scale batteries have very high storage costs per kWh and are most likely to be used only for very high value applications where there is a strong technical advantage, such as the six-second fast instantaneous reserve.</p>
What’s my Role? Role Perception Issues within a Business Process Outsourcing Software Company.
Authors:   , Appleton Gabrielle 
Published: November 2021

<p>Business process outsourcing of IT solutions is a common and well embedded practice in many businesses. There has been much research into the aspects of the relationships between businesses and their BPO IT partners that make these relationships successful. Very little research has, however, been undertaken at the lower level of relationships between the specialist professional groups within the BPO IT firms, and how these relationships are affected by the roles each group plays. This paper explores these ideas using qualitative research methods within a current BPO IT firm to expose the key issues. Analysis of these themes is provided, and a model of roles and relationships for the professional groups that operate within such firms is proposed that combines the key attributes of the roles, the key relationships involved and the role each group plays within those relationships. Finally, recommendations are made as to the improvement of current practices to align behaviours with the proposed model.</p>
Electricity Market reforms in New Zealand and Germany: A Comparative Study of the History, Development and Future of These Both Countries' Markets with a Special Focus on the Approach to Renewable energy
Authors:   , Holder Florian 
Published: November 2021

<p>This dissertation will show why Germany is overall on a better way to deliver secure and sustainable electricity to its population at the moment. Though, New Zealand had the better starting point, it missed important steps in the development. However, “of the industrial countries, Germany is leading with regard to new renewable energy sources, occupying one of the first ranks in terms of wind energy capacity and photovoltaics”. Its legislation on this area with the core the Renewable Sources Act is a role model for many countries. And Germany’s Integrated Energy and Climate Programme seems promising that Germany will continue to have innovative and exemplary measures on the renewable energy sector. However, the history and development of New Zealand’s electricity market has shown that its government can correct wrong decisions and react fast and forcefully. The New Zealand Energy Strategy and the New Zealand Efficiency and Conservation Strategy have been first steps in the right direction. An important sign for New Zealand’s electricity industry would be the National Policy Statement for Renewable Electricity Generation.</p>
Critical Success Factors for Research Collaborations between Firms and Research Institutes in New Zealand
Authors:   , Celeski Stefan 
Published: November 2021

<p>Ongoing discussions and changes in the New Zealand innovation system have underlined the need to improve the level of co-operation between firms and the Crown Research Institutes (CRIs) in New Zealand. This study contributes to this discussion by assessing the critical success factors for research co-operations between firms and CRIs. Alongside the practical value of this study, it also contributes to the development of relationship marketing theory, where empirical insights into research co-operations between firms and research institutes is lacking. Specifically, a case study methodology was utilised to test a conceptual model developed from existing literature in the context of research cooperations between universities and firms. To do so, similarities and contrasts between two successful research co-operations and two less successful research co-operations were examined in the light of 12 previously developed propositions. Findings from this study highlight the strong similarity of success factors for research cooperations between firms and universities with those of firms and research institutes. However, additional themes emerged from this study, notably the concepts of group diversity and the multidimensionality of trust. The emergence of these additional themes might be explained by the unique characteristics of the New Zealand innovation system (remoteness and small size of firms), and the study methodology, which enabled additional insights. Overall, this study contributes empirical data and conclusions from a new context to relationship marketing literature. From a managerial point of view, this study highlights the importance of a good balance between trust and distrust, a strong bond between the boundary spanning managers, and satisfactory communication as major determinants of successful research co-operation between firms and CRIs.</p>
Marine Reserves as Conservation and Management Tools: Implications for Coastal Resource Use
Authors:   , Eddy Tyler D. 
Published: November 2021

<p>Exploited marine ecosystems are a common feature of the modern world and area closures (marine reserves; MRs) have been suggested from both conservation and fishery management perspectives as a technique to rebuild over-fished populations. MRs provide an interesting experimental treatment where humans are excluded from resource harvesting. In the absence of exploitation, marine species have been observed to return to levels of abundance similar to historic accounts of virgin biomass (biomass under an exploitation level of 0). This thesis investigates the impact and potential of MRs in both New Zealand and Chile for achieving conservation and fishery management goals through the use of underwater observation, historic information, fishers’ ecological knowledge (FEK), bioeconomic fishery modeling and ecosystem modeling ... Overall, this thesis has investigated the effects of human coastal resource use in New Zealand and Chile from social, economic and ecological perspectives through the use of different techniques by synthesising both quantitative and qualitative information sources. MRs are a valuable tool from conservation, management and scientific perspectives as they can rebuild overexploited stocks and return the ecosystem to a more historic state. MRs also provide an understanding of the interaction between coastal resource use and ecosystem-wide changes, which is a crucial element for ecosystem-based management. This thesis has illustrated the importance of comparing present stock biomasses to historic baselines to understand the impacts of exploitation of coastal resources on marine ecosystems.</p>
Effects of Intensive Interaction on the Social and Communication Behaviour of Three Students with Profound/Multiple Disabilities
Authors:   , Drysdale Heather 
Published: November 2021

<p>Objective: To evaluate the effects of an intervention, known as Intensive Interaction (II), on the social and communicative behaviour of three students with profound/multiple learning disabilities (PMLD). Methods: Three secondary school-aged students with PMLD were observed, and their level of social and communicative engagement rated, during an initial baseline and subsequent intervention phase. The intervention was introduced across participants in a multiple-baseline across subjects design. Results: Social and communicative engagement increased during intervention relative to baseline for each of the three students. Conclusion: II appeared to be effective in increasing social and communicative engagement of the participants and may therefore be viewed as a potentially promising approach for other students with PMLD.</p>
Translating Buzzati: Domesticating and Foreignising Strategies
Authors:   , Duncan Niall Harland 
Published: November 2021

<p>Methodologies within Modern Translation Studies are often broadly defined by two seemingly polarised ideologies: foreignisation and domestication. Current theory tends to favour foreignising translations which has led to a marginalisation of domestication as a viable and valid approach. This thesis is an examination of domestication as a still-legitimate approach in the field of translation. The project consists of original translations of four short stories by noted Italian author Dino Buzzati, which together with commentaries provide a practical platform on which to analyse the characteristics and advantages of the approach. Additionally, building on these examples is a more general discussion of these two approaches, an examination of their respective strengths and weaknesses and an evaluation of domestication as a methodology that can still offer advantages in effective translation.</p>
Investigations of Azulene Derivatives as Self-Indicating Chromophores for Applications in Protecting Group Strategies and Solid-Phase Purification
Authors:   , Bevan Thomas 
Published: November 2021

<p>Azulene is a hydrocarbon that exhibits an intense blue colour. Derivatives of azulene exhibit different colours depending on the position and electronic properties of the substituents. The chemical and chromophoric properties of azulene and guaiazulene derivatives are investigated for the potential use in applications such as chromophoric protecting groups and self-indicating scavenger resins. Investigations were carried out on the scope of known reactions on the 3- position of guaiazulene for this purpose...</p>
Loosening the Marriage Bond: Divorce in New Zealand, c.1890s - c.1950s
Authors:   , Brown Hayley Marina 
Published: November 2021

<p>Based on a detailed examination of 2,195 divorce case files generated by applications to the Wellington Supreme Court, the study explores the changing frequency and character of the divorcing population in New Zealand between 1898, when the grounds for divorce were extended under the Divorce Act, until c.1959. The end point is set by access limits to divorce case files, the beginning of Marriage Guidance, and the establishment of a 'normal' pattern of divorce following the postwar spike. The study examines how and why New Zealanders divorced in increasing numbers over the period. In particular, it looks at the increase in divorce during and after the two world wars. The rate peaked in the immediate postwar years and remaining at levels about those pre-1914 and pre-1939.The study also looks at how war contributed to an underlying and on going change in attitudes towards marriage and divorce, not solely attributable to the immediate crisis of enlistment. The study explores the social and cultural factors influencing the decision to divorce including gender, class, religion, and the desire for, or presence of, children. Among other factors, it inquires into the reason why those who divorced in New Zealand were primarily working class, in contrast to their English counterparts, reflecting different class-based perceptions of morality and respectability. It will explore the growing emphasis on sexual pleasure and on women's attainment of social and sexual rights as contributing to the increase in divorce. The public nature of divorce proceedings through this period, with cases being heard in open court and few limits on newspaper reporting, operated as a means of social control and public surveillance. The discussion focuses on how the courts contributed to the construction of definitions of normative behaviour of husbands and wives, judged individuals' abilities to be suitable mothers and fathers and awarded custody of children. The court also adjudicated issues of acceptable and illicit sexual behaviour with gender expectations as part of the considerations. Although those who flouted expected marital norms could risk ostracism or public condemnation, the thesis also shows that this power diminished as divorce became more common. The thesis concludes with an examination of marriage guidance as a public recognition both of the potential for divorce and of the belief that marriages took effort to maintain and that advice and guidance support could help 'unstable' marriages regain stability. In the post-World War II period there was also an acknowledgement that some marriages could not be 'saved' with divorce being the only alternative. Regardless, of such interventions, the changes in attitudes about divorce, made divorce an increasingly acceptable solution to unhappy marriages. Divorce, as this thesis will argue, did not 'break' the marriage bonds but rather, loosened them.</p>
He Rawe Tona Kakahu/She Wore a Becoming Dress: Performing the Hyphen
Authors:   , Seifert Miki 
Published: November 2021

<p>In the British settler nations of the United States, New Zealand, Australia and Canada, there continues to be debate about how to conduct research across the coloniser-indigene hyphen. Various indigenous scholars have discussed, at length, how western scholarship has been and continues to be implicated in the colonisation of indigenous peoples. While some progress has been made, it continues to be an unresolved issue. As a white American woman, I have responded to this situation by conducting my doctoral research using a decolonising epistemological pluralism that I developed through my practice as an artist and performer. This methodology, which is critical and performative, seeks to dismantle the colonial matrix of power and the dualisms that underpin the hegemony of western knowledge and casts a critical eye on power relations as they manifest out in the world and as they reproduce themselves inside individuals. It is my belief that such an approach will decentre the settler and facilitate working across the hyphen. As an example of how such a methodology could function, I undertook a collaborative and performative research project with Anahera Gildea, a Māori writer and performer from the iwi (tribe) of Ngāti Raukawa ki te Tonga. Our research examined the intersection of gender and colonisation. The knowledge systems that we chose to use arose naturally out of who we are and what we know. We are both Butoh performers. We both practice Nichiren Buddhism and use it to guide our daily lives. The outcome of our research was He rawe tona kakahu/She Wore A Becoming Dress, a multimedia Butoh performance, which was performed for two nights at the Film Archive in Wellington, New Zealand in 2009. As a collaboration that worked across the hyphen, we both engaged with critical and decolonising theory from our respective positions on the hyphen, as well as brought our respective world views—I, white American and Anahera, Te Ao Māori . This thesis is an attempt to provide a practice-based understanding of what it was like to undertake research using such a decolonising epistemological pluralism.</p>
Performance Reporting by New Zealand Central Government Agencies
Authors:   , Murwanto Rahmadi 
Published: November 2021

<p>This study attempts to assess longitudinally the increase in the quality of performance information resulting from the Managing for Outcome (MfO) initiative, embarked on by the New Zealand Government in December 2001, and to identify the internal and external factors influencing the increase in quality. To measure the quality of performance information, a disclosure index was developed. The index assesses the comprehensiveness of information in compliance with available guidance, and reflects the approaches used by Marston and Shrives (1991), and Guthrie et. al. (2004). The disclosure analysis was applied to publicly available planning documents - the Statement of Intent and Annual Report of 27 New Zealand Government departments over the period 2003-2007. Agency theory, focusing on the role of information in the accountability relationship between principals and their agents, and public choice theory, focusing on the mechanisms to mitigate public choice problems, are used to explain the improvement in the quality of performance information and the external and internal factors influencing the improvement in quality. The roles performed and the activities initiated and implemented by ministers and other government agencies in the MfO initiative are identified and analysed. The data for the study was obtained from the reports of selected New Zealand central government departments and from semi-structured interviews. The findings support the Auditor General's assertion of disappointing quality in performance information. Weak incentives for reporting outcomes, the lack of authoritative reporting standards, and constraints on measuring performance have been the key factors in explaining the lack of meaningful progress in New Zealand performance reporting practice implemented under the MfO initiative. The initiatives do not include proper accountability arrangements, where the ministers responsible for outcomes also report; instead the current arrangement is that chief executives report but are not themselves accountable.</p>
New Zealand’s Assistance with Invasive Species Management in the Pacific
Authors:   , Lovatt Simon 
Published: November 2021

<p>Invasive species are one of the biggest threats to development and well-being in the Pacific. They have wide-ranging impacts on economies, the environment, and societies; in addition to causing USD $1.4 trillion of losses each year. Invasive species are also the primary cause of biodiversity loss on islands which could significantly affect the ecosystem services which Pacific Islanders depend on. Every year New Zealand spends NZD $500 million on biosecurity, and Australia has spent AUD $175 million on a single eradication project. In comparison, in the Pacific there are only six people working fulltime on invasive species issues at a regional level and there is limited funding available. This thesis assesses the role of four New Zealand agencies that assist with invasive species management in the Pacific: the International Development Group of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Biosecurity New Zealand division of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, the Department of Conservation, and Landcare Research. Together these agencies provide funding, build capacity, offer technical advice, and occasionally implement projects. While there are important gains to New Zealand in assisting the Pacific with invasive species management, such as a reduced biosecurity threat and learning opportunities for staff, the desire to help the region for its own sake is a major driver. Suggestions for future improvement include having more information on the economic impacts of invasive species in the Pacific, increased coordination between donors, and including invasive species measures in regional trade agreements. It is hoped that New Zealand will continue to play its critical leadership role in invasive species management in the region.</p>
Opportunities in Otaki for Improved Energy Efficiency in Retail Lighting and Its Offsetting through Renewable Resources
Authors:   , Heap Quinten 
Published: November 2021

<p>In 2010 the town of Otaki decided to go "Off the Grid", obtaining all its electricity supply from renewable resources. To support this goal, this thesis documents and quantifies the electricity demand for the Otaki retail stores along State Highway 1. It was found the majority of the load in these 33 stores was for lighting. To minimise the renewable electricity generation capital requirements, the load was optimised by exploring energy efficiency opportunities. Energy audits to AS/NZS 3598:2000 Energy Audit Level 2 were undertaken in 23 of the stores. These created a consistent set of data on the lighting load and energy consumption. Potential energy savings opportunities were then identified to reduce the lighting load by 26% through lamp replacement and removal. When combined with improved lighting management, these could reduce annual electricity consumption by 34% to 248,321 kWh. An investigation of available renewable resources (Photovoltaic (PV), wind and hydroelectric) found that PV generation was the most suitable for this urban setting. PV generation using 53 by 4 kW panels, at a capital cost of $1.3 million, which would generate 250,425 kWh per year. This would meet the annual electricity demand, but there would be a summer surplus and winter deficit. The absence of net metering provision makes this option uneconomic, although the creation of an Otaki mini-grid may be a viable alternative.</p>
The Ecological Footprint of Wellingtonians in the 1950s
Authors:   , Field Carmeny 
Published: November 2021

<p>Population and economic growth lead to increased demand for resources; these resources rely on land or water, which are both finite resources on Earth. Globally humanity is currently operating at an unsustainable level, demanding more land than available. One method used to measure this is ecological footprinting. The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) regularly estimates the ecological footprints of most countries, from this information it is estimated that New Zealand is using less productive land than is available and therefore is in ecological deficit. Research has been conducted by the Ministry for the Environment, to calculate the ecological footprints for New Zealand and its regions. However, no research has been conducted for Wellington city. The research of this thesis therefore uses current methodologies to estimate the ecological footprint of Wellingtonians in 1956 and 2006. In conjunction with this, research was also conducted to understand the lifestyles and quality of life during the 1950s and today. This is used to form comparisons between the ecological footprints that are 50 years apart. The ecological footprints and the relevant quality of life and lifestyles are also compared to indicate any relationships that may exist between these factors. Finally the research looked at the possible effects on the current lifestyle and quality of life of Wellingtonians from reducing the relevant parts of the ecological footprint. To achieve this three methods were used, firstly calculations based on the ecological footprint methodology developed by Wackernagel and Rees, and two surveys which consisted of a questionnaire and then focus group discussions, completed by residents of Wellington who lived in the city during the 1950s.</p>