bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor apremilast on cardiometabolic outcomes in psoriatic disease—results of the Immune Metabolic Associations in Psoriatic Arthritis study
Authors: Ferguson Lyn D , Cathcart Susanne , Rimmer Dominic , Semple Gary , Brooksbank Katriona , Paterson Caron , Brown Rosemary , Harvie John , Gao Xuan , Radjenovic Aleksandra , Welsh Paul , McInnes Iain B , Sattar Naveed , Siebert Stefan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Studies have suggested phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibition may be associated with weight loss and other cardiometabolic benefits. We evaluated the effect of the PDE4 inhibitor apremilast on body weight and composition, glucose homeostasis, lipid profiles and vascular function in psoriatic disease and whether weight change correlated with therapeutic response.

Methods
We conducted a prospective, open-label study (Immune Metabolic Associations in Psoriatic Arthritis) of adults receiving apremilast 30 mg as part of routine care for PsA and/or psoriasis. Cardiometabolic, anthropometric and disease activity assessments were performed at baseline (pre-apremilast) and at months 1, 3 and 6 of apremilast treatment in 60 patients. A subgroup underwent further assessment of endothelial function, body composition and adipocyte morphology.

Results
In patients (median age 54.5 years, 63% women, median BMI 33.2 kg/m2), apremilast was associated with a mean weight loss of 2.2 kg (95% CI 1.4, 3.0; P &lt; 0.001) and a mean BMI decrease of 0.8 kg/m2 (95% CI 0.5, 1.2; P &lt; 0.001) after 6 months of treatment. Body composition analysis demonstrated a reduction in total abdominal fat [mean decrease 0.52 L (95% CI 0.08, 0.96), P = 0.022], principally subcutaneous adipose tissue [mean decrease 0.37 L (95% CI 0.05, 0.68), P = 0.022]. There was no change in adipocyte diameter, haemoglobin A1c, lipid, glucagon-like peptide-1 or vascular function. Psoriatic disease activity improved with apremilast, although this was not correlated with weight change.

Conclusion
Following apremilast treatment, we observed weight loss, principally abdominal subcutaneous fat, and improvement in psoriatic disease activity. The latter was independent of weight change, suggesting apremilast likely acts through direct immunological mechanisms.
Dynamic Interplay Between Insight and Persistent Negative Symptoms in First Episode of Psychosis: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Raucher-Chéné Delphine , Bodnar Michael , Lavigne Katie M , Malla Ashok , Joober Ridha , Lepage Martin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Persistent negative symptoms (PNS) are an important factor of first episode of psychosis (FEP) that present early on in the course of illness and have a major impact on long-term functional outcome. Lack of clinical insight is consistently associated with negative symptoms during the course of schizophrenia, yet only a few studies have explored its evolution in FEP. We sought to explore clinical insight change over a 24-month time period in relation to PNS in a large sample of FEP patients. Clinical insight was assessed in 515 FEP patients using the Scale to assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder. Data on awareness of illness, belief in response to medication, and belief in need for medication were analyzed. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the presence of negative symptoms: idiopathic (PNS; n = 135), secondary (sPNS; n = 98), or absence (non-PNS; n = 282). Secondary PNS were those with PNS but also had clinically relevant levels of positive, depressive, or extrapyramidal symptoms. Our results revealed that insight improved during the first 2 months for all groups. Patients with PNS and sPNS displayed poorer insight across the 24-month period compared to the non-PNS group, but these 2 groups did not significantly differ. This large longitudinal study supported the strong relationship known to exist between poor insight and negative symptoms early in the course of the disorder and probes into potential factors that transcend the distinction between idiopathic and secondary negative symptoms.
Patterns of concomitant prescription, over-the-counter and natural sleep aid use over a 12-month period: a population based study
Authors: Cheung Janet M Y , Jarrin Denise C , Beaulieu-Bonneau Simon , Ivers Hans , Morin Geneviève , Morin Charles M 
Published: June 2021

AbstractStudy ObjectivesConcomitant patterns of sleep aid use may provide insight for understanding the transition to chronic sleep medication use. Therefore, we sought to characterize the trajectories of concomitant natural product (NP), over-the-counter (OTC), and prescribed (Rx) sleep aid use in a population-based sample over 12-months.MethodsSelf-reported data on the use of NP, OTC, and Rx sleep aids were extracted from a Canadian longitudinal study on the natural history of insomnia (N = 3416, M age = 49.7 ± 14.7 years old; 62% women) at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month. Latent class growth modeling was used to identify latent class trajectories using MPlus Version 7. Participants completed a battery of clinical measures: Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test, abbreviated Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Insomnia Severity Index and, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Associations between class membership and baseline covariates were evaluated.ResultsConcurrent sleep aid use fell into six distinct latent class trajectories over a 12-month period: Minimal Use (74.5%), Rx-Dominant (11.3%), NP-Dominant (6.3%), OTC-Dominant (4.3%), Rx-NP-Dominant (2.4%), and Rx-OTC-Dominant (1.1%). The three latent classes with prominent prescribed agent use predicted greater incidence of healthcare professional consultations for their sleep (p &lt; 0.05), poorer sleep quality (p &lt; 0.001), elevated dysfunctional sleep beliefs (p &lt; 0.001), and sleep reactivity (p &lt; 0.001). Compared to the other four latent classes, clinical profiles of Rx-NP-dominant and Rx-OTC-dominant groups endorsed greater severity across measures.ConclusionsPatterns of sleep aid use may provide insight for identifying individuals who may be vulnerable to inappropriate self-medicating practices.
Assessment of obstructive sleep apnea-related sleep fragmentation utilizing deep learning-based sleep staging from photoplethysmography
Authors: Huttunen Riku , Leppänen Timo , Duce Brett , Oksenberg Arie , Myllymaa Sami , Töyräs Juha , Korkalainen Henri 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Study Objectives
To assess the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and sleep fragmentation, accurate differentiation between sleep and wakefulness is needed. Sleep staging is usually performed manually using electroencephalography (EEG). This is time-consuming due to complexity of EEG setup and the amount of work in manual scoring. In this study, we aimed to develop an automated deep learning-based solution to assess OSA-related sleep fragmentation based on photoplethysmography (PPG) signal.

Methods
A combination of convolutional and recurrent neural networks was used for PPG-based sleep staging. The models were trained using two large clinical datasets from Israel (n = 2149) and Australia (n = 877) and tested separately on three-class (wake/NREM/REM), four-class (wake/N1 + N2/N3/REM), and five-class (wake/N1/N2/N3/REM) classification. The relationship between OSA severity categories and sleep fragmentation was assessed using survival analysis of mean continuous sleep. Overlapping PPG epochs were applied to artificially obtain denser hypnograms for better identification of fragmented sleep.

Results
Automatic PPG-based sleep staging achieved an accuracy of 83.3% on three-class, 74.1% on four-class, and 68.7% on five-class models. The hazard ratios for decreased mean continuous sleep compared to the non-OSA group obtained with Cox proportional hazards models with 5-s epoch-to-epoch intervals were 1.70, 3.30, and 8.11 for mild, moderate, and severe OSA, respectively. With EEG-based hypnograms scored manually with conventional 30-s epoch-to-epoch intervals, the corresponding hazard ratios were 1.18, 1.78, and 2.90.

Conclusions
PPG-based automatic sleep staging can be used to differentiate between OSA severity categories based on sleep continuity. The differences between the OSA severity categories become more apparent when a shorter epoch-to-epoch interval is used.
The Japanese Red Cross Society’s Emergency Responses in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1945
Authors: SUZUKI Michiko 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The previously unstudied records of the Japanese Red Cross Society (JRCS) narrate the heroic tale of the Red Cross personnel who carried out the organisation’s emergency response in the immediate aftermath of the nuclear detonations in Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945. Aid workers began relief activities on the day of the bombings, while many themselves were suffering from injuries and radiation sickness. They treated civilians, soldiers, and Allied POWs without discrimination. Why did these aid-givers choose to work for the Red Cross in the face of such extreme risk? Why were they willing to walk into ground zero to render aid to survivors? JRCS records make clear that, as well-trained nurses and doctors, most aid workers understood the mortal dangers they faced from radioactive poisoning. This article argues that their actions in Hiroshima and Nagasaki were attributable to strict quasi-military training, which transcended the ideology of the JRCS as an imperialist institution. Their emergency responses demonstrate the extent to which Red Cross workers had internalised their professional mission as medical aid-givers and eventually emerged as exemplars of the humanitarian relief ideal.
Effects of music therapy on cancer-related fatigue, anxiety, and depression in patients with digestive tumors
Authors: Chen Xiaxia , Wei Qiuya , Jing Ruirui , Fan Yong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
Digestive tumor is one of the most common cancers, its symptoms and treatment will bring patients with anxiety, depression and other negative emotions, and cause cancer-related fatigue. As a new complementary replacement therapy, music therapy can greatly reduce cancer-related fatigue, anxiety and depression, and achieve good clinical results, but there is a lack of evidence-based medicine. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of music therapy on cancer-related fatigue, anxiety, and depression in patients with digestive tumors by meta-analysis.

Method:
Computer search of Chinese and English databases: Wanfang, VP Information Chinese Journal Service Platform, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese BioMedicine Literature Database and pubmed, embase, cochrane, web of science. A comprehensive collection of relevant studies on the effects of music therapy on digestive tract cancer-related fatigue, anxiety and depression, the retrieval time is from the date of establishment to March 2021. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the literature is selected, the quality of the literature is evaluated and the data are extracted. The data are analyzed by meta-analysis.

Result:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of music therapy on digestive tract cancer-related fatigue, anxiety, and depression by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire, Hamilton Depression Scale, and Hamilton Anxiety Scale .

Conclusion:
This study will provide reliable evidence-based evidence for the clinical application of music therapy in the treatment of digestive tract cancer-related fatigue and anxiety and depression.

OSF Registration number:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/UR4GV.
Retinal toxicity caused by hydroxychloroquine in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhuo Ning , Liao Zheng , Qi Wei , Tian Feng , Wen Zhenhua , Li Jingyang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Hydroxychloroquine has excellent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects as one of the antimalarial drugs. In particular, hydroxychloroquine was once widely used as a treatment for the new coronavirus pneumonia epidemic in 2020. Retinopathy caused by hydroxychloroquine is normally irreversible, but little attention has been paid to it.

Patient concerns:
A 38-year-old young Chinese woman was taking oral hydroxychloroquine 400 mg daily to control lupus disease activity for six years after the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). She did not have any history of eye disease and was admitted to the hospital with a sudden blurring of both eyes.

Diagnoses:
The diagnosis of retinal macular degeneration caused by hydroxychloroquine was made after excluding other interfering diseases based on the patient's long-term use of hydroxychloroquine and the results of the eye examination.

Interventions:
The patient was discontinued from hydroxychloroquine. To control the recurrence of SLE, she was given intravenous methylprednisolone, oral tacrolimus and mycophenolate. Meanwhile, she was asked to take extra care of her eyes and to come to the hospital every three months to have her vision checked.

Outcomes:
The patient's blurred vision improved one week later. Three months later, her vision examination showed no further decline (0.4 in the right eye and 0.6 in the left eye). Meanwhile, the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) decreased from six points to five points currently.

Lessons:
Retinopathy caused by hydroxychloroquine is irreversible and there is no particularly effective treatment. Discontinuation of hydroxychloroquine, better daily eye protection, and regular vision checks are the keys to preventing retinopathy. Although hydroxychloroquine causing retinal toxicity was mentioned several years ago, the rate and severity of retinal toxicity require further research. How to get more patients to take care of their eyes requires continuous and increased education by doctors.
Soy diet for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Xiong Pian , Zhu Yong-Fen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
The efficacy of soy diet for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the influence of soy diet vs placebo on the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Methods:
We search PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases through October 2020 for randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of soy diet vs placebo for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. This meta-analysis is performed using the random-effect model.

Results:
Five randomized controlled trials are included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control group for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, soy diet is associated with significantly reduced HOMA-IR (standard mean difference [SMD] = −0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.76 to −0.08; P = .01), increased insulin (SMD = −0.64; 95% CI = −0.98 to −0.30; P = .0002) and decreased malondialdehyde (SMD = −0.43; 95% CI = −0.74 to −0.13; P = .005), but demonstrated no substantial impact on body mass index (SMD = 0.17; 95% CI = −0.20 to 0.53; P = .37), alanine aminotransferase (SMD = −0.01; 95% CI = −0.61 to 0.60; P = .98), aspartate-aminotransferase (SMD = 0.01; 95% CI = −0.47 to 0.49; P = .97), total cholesterol (SMD = 0.05; 95% CI = −0.25 to 0.35; P = .73) or low density lipoprotein (SMD = 0; 95% CI = −0.30 to 0.30; P = .99).

Conclusions:
Soy diet may benefit to alleviate insulin resistance for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
MicroRNA-182 is a potential biomarker for prognosis of gastric cancer
Authors: Xiao Dachun , Xie Jian , Wu Shuai 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
Being the second leading cause of cancer death in the world, gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor in digestive system. Most patients were diagnosed in advanced stage and had poor prognosis. In recent years, related studies have displayed that MicroRNA-182 (miRNA-182) can promote the proliferation, infiltration, metastasis and drug resistance of tumor cells, so it can be used as a new molecular marker for the early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of tumors. However, the expression and prognosis of miRNA-182 in gastric cancer are not clear. Therefore, this study conducted a meta-analysis to further clarify the relationship between the expression of miRNA-182 in gastric cancer and prognosis. In addition, a bioinformatics analysis was adopted to further analyze the possible molecular mechanism of miRNA-182, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients suffering from gastric cancer.

Methods:
The following electronic databases were searched on computer: Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. The retrieval time is set to build the database until April 2021. Combined hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to evaluate the effects of miRNA-182 on the prognosis of gastric cancer. Stata 16.0 software was applied for the meta-analysis. The expression of miRNA-182 in gastric cancer was analyzed by Gene Expression Omnibus database and The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The survival curve of miRNA-182 differential expression was analyzed by OncomiR. The target genes of miRNA-182 were predicted by TargetScan, miRBase, miRTarBase, starBase V2.0, and miRWalk. The target genes were obtained by the intersection of Wayne diagram. DAVID database was used for gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis. STRING database and Cytoscape were applied to construct Protein-protein interaction network to obtain key genes (hub gene). The expression of hub gene in gastric cancer was analyzed by gene expression profiling interactive analysis. The survival curve between hub gene and prognosis of gastric cancer was drawn by Kaplan-Meier Plotter database. TIMER database was used to analyze the relationship between hub gene expression and immune cell infiltration in gastric cancer.

Results:
The results of this meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion:
This study provides high-quality evidence support for the expression of miRNA-182 and the prognosis of gastric cancer. Through bioinformatics analysis, we further discussed the mechanism of miRNA-182 in gastric cancer and the understanding of related pathways.

OSF Registration Number:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/EHJ6X.
Identify the triple-negative and non-triple-negative breast cancer by using texture features of medicale ultrasonic image
Authors: Chen Qingyu , Xia Jianguo , Zhang Jun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The study aimed to explore the value of ultrasound (US) texture analysis in the differential diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and non-TNBC.
Retrospective analysis was done on 93 patients with breast cancer (35 patients with TNBC and 38 patients with non-TNBC) who were admitted to Taizhou people's hospital from July 2015 to June 2019. All lesions were pathologically proven at surgery. US images of all patients were collected. Texture analysis of US images was performed using MaZda software package. The differences between textural features in TNBC and non-TNBC were assessed. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to compare the diagnostic performance of textural parameters showing significant difference.
Five optimal texture feature parameters were extracted from gray level run-length matrix, including gray level non-uniformity (GLNU) in horizontal direction, vertical gray level non-uniformity, GLNU in the 45 degree direction, run length non-uniformity in 135 degree direction, GLNU in the 135 degree direction. All these texture parameters were statistically higher in TNBC than in non-TNBC (P <.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that at a threshold of 268.9068, GLNU in horizontal direction exhibited best diagnostic performance for differentiating TNBC from non-TNBC. Logistic regression model established based on all these parameters showed a sensitivity of 69.3%, specificity of 91.4% and area under the curve of 0.834.
US texture features were significantly different between TNBC and non-TNBC, US texture analysis can be used for preliminary differentiation of TNBC from non-TNBC.
Predictive value of miRNA-126 on in-stent restenosis in patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Qiu Xianke , Wang Jun , Shi Zhongping , Ji Xiaojun , Huang Yiwei , Dai Haiyue 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
In-stent restenosis (ISR) is one of the most important complications and impacts the long-term effects after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Related studies have revealed that microRNA (miRNA) can predict ISR in CHD patients. MiRNA-126 may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of ISR. However, the accuracy of miRNA-126 in the diagnosis of ISR is still controversial. Therefore, this study carried out meta-analysis to further evaluate the accuracy of miRNA-126 in the diagnosis of ISR. At the same time, bioinformatics is used to predict the target genes and miRNA-126 may be involved in regulation, so as to provide theoretical support for the precise treatment of CHD.

Methods:
The literatures on the miRNA-126 diagnosis of ISR in CHD patients were collected by searching on computer through China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. The retrieval time is set to build the database until April 2021. The meta-analysis of the literatures that meet the quality standards was conducted by Stata 16.0 software. TargetScan database, PicTar database, miRanda database, and miRDB database were used to predict miRNA-126 intersection target genes. Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signal pathway enrichment analysis of miRNA-126 target genes were performed by using DAVID database. STRING database was applied to analyze the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of miRNA-126 target genes. The “Networkanalyzer” function of Cytoscape3.7.2 software is adopted to analyze the network topology attributes, so as to find out the core genes of PPI network.

Results:
The results of this meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion:
In this study, meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis were adopted to further evaluate the accuracy of miRNA-126 in the diagnosis of ISR in CHD patients, and to explore the mechanism of the action of miRNA-126 and understand related pathways.

Ethics and dissemination:
The private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also should not damage participants’ rights. Ethical approval is not available. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences.

OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/9FMR5.