bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of interpersonal justice and information accuracy in a pharmaceutical supply chain: a survey-based analysis
Authors: Lee Changjoon 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the influence of interpersonal justice, a sub-concept of interactional justice, on information accuracy and logistics performance in the pharmaceutical supply chain.

Design/methodology/approach
For this purpose, 600 pharmacies in Korea were surveyed through questionnaires distributed via mail and direct visits and 293 valid responses were used for statistical analysis.

Findings
According to the results, the perception of interpersonal justice between buyers and sellers showed a positive effect on information accuracy, which, in turn, had a positive effect on logistics performance within the supply chain. In contrast, interpersonal justice showed an insignificant effect on logistics performance.

Practical implications
This signifies that if buyers treat sellers with respect and politeness, the accuracy of the information provided by the seller will improve, which may ultimately have a positive effect on performance. In addition, ethical behavior by both parties ensures information accuracy in the supply chain, even though it does not directly affect performance.

Originality/value
In contrast to previous research, which has focused on distributive and procedural justice, the study investigates interpersonal justice and its effects on information accuracy and logistics performance in the pharmaceutical supply chain.
Social transformation interventions at South African public universities
Authors: Abed Sameera , Ackers Barry 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the transformation disclosures in the publicly available annual reports of South African public universities and to establish the extent to which universities account to their stakeholders about how they have discharged their transformation obligations.

Design/methodology/approach
This exploratory qualitative study involves a thematic content analysis of publicly available annual reports using ATLAS.ti software to identify and categorise transformation interventions disclosed by South African public universities.

Findings
This empirical study identifies several interventions that universities have introduced to facilitate access to and successful completion of tertiary studies by students. Some of the disclosed mechanisms include the provision of financial aid, student support and counselling, tutoring and mentoring and ICT enhancements and the introduction of language policies. The results also highlighted several challenges to sustainable transformation including funding, social and academic barriers and infrastructural challenges experienced by universities.

Originality/value
According to the authors’ knowledge, this study represents one of the first studies to use the public disclosures in the annual reports of public universities to identify interventions introduced to facilitate transformation of the student body. Despite its South African orientation, the observations have implications for universities worldwide experiencing similar challenges, especially in developing countries.
Assessing social-psychological functioning between Malaysian and Indonesian undergraduates: a Rasch model analysis
Authors: Khairani Ahamd Zamri , Ahmad Nor Shafrin , Sutatminingsih Raras 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess the psychometric properties of the Flourishing Scale (FS) by employing samples of Malaysian and Indonesian undergraduates. In addition, the present study seeks to identify aspects of the social-psychological functioning that were perceived differently by both samples.Design/methodology/approachThe present study employs the descriptive design to provide descriptions about psychometric properties of the FS. In total, 351 first-year undergraduates were employed as samples of the study. The authors employed the Rasch measurement model framework using the quantitative approach to analyze the data.FindingsGenerally, the results showed that the FS demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties for both samples. However, the Malaysian and Indonesian samples differ significantly in half of the social-psychological functioning aspects.Research limitations/implicationsOne limitation of the study was the relatively small sample size students in one higher education institution in each country. In addition, in both countries, the undergraduates demonstrated obligatory roles toward their lecturers. Therefore, their response might not be truthful and only respond as requested.Originality/valueWhilst social psychological functioning has been identified as important aspects of well-being, the construct has yet to be studied in the eastern culture in Malaysia and Indonesia.
Understanding the elements of a quality rural/remote interprofessional education activity: A rough guide
Authors: Waller Susan , Walker Lorraine , Farthing Annie , Brown Leanne , Moran Monica 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimsTo offer a rough guide to a quality rural/remote interprofessional educational activity.ContextAustralian remote and rural interprofessional undergraduate placements offered in Modified Monash Model 3‐6 locations.ApproachBiggs' triple P framework from the interprofessional educational literature and Allport's contact hypothesis are used to describe map, and explore the educational dimensions and positive elements, of a quality rural/remote interprofessional educational activity.ConclusionDelivery of a quality interprofessional educational activity requires attention to all dimensions of the activity with acknowledgement of the value of the remote or rural contexts. Interprofessional learning requires constructive alignment and positive contact conditions to ensure a quality and sustained experience.
Silencing of SARS‐CoV‐2 with modified siRNA‐peptide dendrimer formulation
Authors: Khaitov Musa , Nikonova Alexandra , Shilovskiy Igor , Kozhikhova Ksenia , Kofiadi Ilya , Vishnyakova Lyudmila , Nikolskii Alexander , Gattinger Pia , Kovchina Valeria , Barvinskaia Ekaterina , Yumashev Kirill , Smirnov Valeriy , Maerle Artem , Kozlov Ivan , Shatilov Artem , Timofeeva Anastasiia , Andreev Sergey , Koloskova Olesya , Kuznetsova Nadezhda , Vasina Daria , Nikiforova Maria , Rybalkin Sergei , Sergeev Ilya , Trofimov Dmitriy , Martynov Alexander , Berzin Igor , Gushchin Vladimir , Kovalchuk Aleksey , Borisevich Sergei , Valenta Rudolf , Khaitov Rakhim , Skvortsova Veronica 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundFirst vaccines for prevention of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) are becoming available but there is a huge and unmet need for specific forms of treatment. In this study we aimed to evaluate the anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 effect of siRNA both in vitro and in vivo.MethodsTo identify the most effective molecule out of a panel of 15 in silico designed siRNAs, an in vitro screening system based on vectors expressing SARS‐CoV‐2 genes fused with the firefly luciferase reporter gene and SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected cells was used. The most potent siRNA, siR‐7, was modified by Locked nucleic acids (LNAs) to obtain siR‐7‐EM with increased stability and was formulated with the peptide dendrimer KK‐46 for enhancing cellular uptake to allow topical application by inhalation of the final formulation – siR‐7‐EM/KK‐46. Using the Syrian Hamster model for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection the antiviral capacity of siR‐7‐EM/KK‐46 complex was evaluated.ResultsWe identified the siRNA, siR‐7, targeting SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) as the most efficient siRNA inhibiting viral replication in vitro. Moreover, we showed that LNA‐modification and complexation with the designed peptide dendrimer enhanced the antiviral capacity of siR‐7 in vitro. We demonstrated significant reduction of virus titer and lung inflammation in animals exposed to inhalation of siR‐7‐EM/KK‐46 in vivo.ConclusionsThus, we developed a therapeutic strategy for COVID‐19 based on inhalation of a modified siRNA‐peptide dendrimer formulation. The developed medication is intended for inhalation treatment of COVID‐19 patients.
Predictive mapping of plant diversity in an arid mountain environment (Gebel Elba, Egypt)
Authors: Abutaha Maged M. , El‐Khouly Ahmed A. , Jürgens Norbert , Oldeland Jens 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to predict the alpha and beta plant diversity of an arid mountain based on environmental variables derived from remotely sensed and ground truth data.LocationGebel Elba, Egypt.MethodsBased on 133 vegetation plots of 100 m2, we calculated alpha (Shannon index) and beta [the first ordination axis of nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS1)] plant diversity. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to map alpha and beta diversity based on various environmental variables derived from a digital elevation model, the SoilGrids dataset, and very high resolution PlanetScope satellite imagery. The predictive models for alpha and beta diversity were mapped within the northern slopes of Gebel Elba. An ANOVA post hoc test was used to compare Shannon index and NMDS1 values among plant communities.ResultsThe selected models revealed the importance of altitude, landforms, solar insolation, catchment area, and modified soil‐adjusted vegetation index for Shannon diversity and NMDS1. The GAMs explained 54.9% of Shannon diversity and 80.6% of NMDS1. The predicted diversity maps showed that the mountainous area was more diverse and substantially different from the open desert. The post‐hoc test revealed a clear separation of mountain and desert vegetation.ConclusionsEmploying remotely sensed variables combined with ground truth data offers great opportunities for exploring spatial patterns of biodiversity. By mapping alpha and beta diversity, it was possible to determine the spatial distribution of plant diversity in Gebel Elba; the results highlighted the importance of the wadi systems and higher slopes of this mountain area. We expect our findings can be generalized to similar arid mountains in the region.
Fatal adverse drug reactions: A worldwide perspective in the World Health Organization pharmacovigilance database
Authors: Montastruc Jean‐Louis , Lafaurie Margaux , de Canecaude Claire , Durrieu Geneviève , Sommet Agnès , Montastruc François , Bagheri Haleh 
Published: April 2021

AimsAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) are important causes of death. However, the main involved drugs are relatively unknown. The present study was performed to characterise death‐related drugs recorded in a large pharmacovigilance database during the last 10 years.MethodsA retrospective analysis of VigiBase, the World Health Organization pharmacovigilance database, was performed investigating fatal ADRs registered between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2019 in male and female patients aged ≥18 years and reported by physicians. Analyses were descriptive investigating age, sex and suspected drugs. Differences in reporting according to sex, age and continents were investigated using disproportionality analysis with calculation of reporting odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval.ResultsAmong the 23 millions ADRs recorded in VigiBase, 3 250 967 were included with 43 685 fatal. They were reported mainly in patients older than 75 years. The 3 most frequently involved drug classes were antineoplastic/immunomodulating drugs followed by nervous system and cardiac drugs. The top 3 individual drugs were denosumab, lenalidomide and thalidomide with marked differences according to age, sex, continents and countries. The risk of reporting fatal ADRs was higher in males, in the Americas and in patients ≥65 years.ConclusionFatal ADRs registered in a large pharmacovigilance database during the last 10 years correspond to just over 1% of the total number of ADRs. They occurred more in males, after 65 years and with antineoplastic/immunomodulating drugs in general. Our study also highlighted, for the first time, important differences in fatal ADRs between continents and countries.
Novel positive allosteric modulator of protease‐activated receptor 1 promotes skin wound healing in hairless mice
Authors: Seo Yohan , Heo Yunkyung , Jo Sungwoo , Park So‐Hyeon , Lee Chulho , Chang Jiwon , Jeon Dong‐Kyu , Kim Tae Gun , Han Gyoonhee , Namkung Wan 
Published: April 2021

Background and PurposeProtease‐activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is a GPCR expressed in several skin cell types, including keratinocyte and dermal fibroblast. PAR1 activation plays a crucial role in the process of skin wound healing such as thrombosis, inflammation, proliferation and tissue repair. In the present study, we identified a novel positive allosteric modulator of PAR1, GB83, and investigated its effect on skin wound healing.Experimental ApproachThe enhancement of PAR1 activity by GB83 was measured using Fluo‐4 calcium assay. In silico docking analysis of GB83 in PAR1 was performed using dock ligands method (CDOCKER) with CHARMm force field. Effects of GB83 on cell viability and gene expression were observed using MTS assay and quantitative real‐time PCRs, respectively. SKH‐1 hairless mice were used to investigate the wound healing effect of GB83.Key ResultsWe demonstrated that GB83 did not activate PAR1 by itself but strongly enhanced PAR1 activation by thrombin and PAR1‐activating peptide (AP). In silico docking analysis revealed that GB83 can bind to the PAR1 binding site of vorapaxar. GB83 significantly promoted PAR1‐mediated cell viability and migration. In addition, the enhancement of PAR1 activity by GB83 strongly increased gene expression of TGF‐β, fibronectin and type I collagen in vitro and promoted skin wound healing in vivo.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur results revealed that GB83 is the first positive allosteric modulator of PAR1 and it can be a useful pharmacological tool for studying PAR1 and a potential therapeutic agent for skin wound healing.
Cutaneous involvement by T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia presenting as livedoid vasculopathy
Authors: Leckey Bruce D. , Kheterpal Meenal K. , Selim M. Angelica , Al‐Rohil Rami N. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractT‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T‐PLL) is a rare, aggressive neoplasm derived from post‐thymic T‐cells. Patients are typically middle aged with a slight male predominance who present with a high white blood cell count, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and other symptoms typically associated with leukemia. Although cutaneous involvement has been reported in up to 30% of cases of T‐PLL, to our knowledge, none have presented with a presentation resembling livedoid vasculopathy. In the correct clinical context, an underlying hematolymphoid neoplasm should be included in the differential diagnosis of a patient presenting with livedoid vasculopathy.
Dental students’ experience of conscious sedation: A qualitative review of student reflections
Authors: Crowe Hannah L. , Woolley Stephen M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe UK General Dental Council (GDC) requires dental graduates to competently identify, manage and refer patients with dental pain and anxiety. This study aimed to explore sedation training experience quantitatively and qualitatively through individual reflective logs.Materials & MethodsA single‐centred mixed‐methods evaluation of teaching, within a UK university conscious sedation department. Fourth‐year dental students undertook lectures and supervised clinical sessions following the undergraduate curriculum. Patient attendance patterns, individual experience and group experience were analysed descriptively. Reflective log sheets were analysed by Thematic Framework Analysis.ResultsSeventy‐two students participated. Of 153 booked patients, 79 (51.6%) attended of which 74 (48.4%) were treated by undergraduates. The mean performed inhalation sedation and intravenous sedation cases per student were 1 and 0.8, respectively. Three students (4%) assisted only. Group experience varied. Three themes arose from reflections: consolidation of theory and learning; confidence through experience; and responding to challenges.DiscussionWhilst experience quotas were not met, GDC requirements for increasing students’ knowledge and confidence within CS were met. Practical experience enhanced learning. “Hands‐on” experience was most valuable for self‐reported confidence but learning by proxy also aided development. Students recognised challenges, but not the implications for themselves or their career. Strategies to reduce barriers to experience require research.ConclusionWhilst variable, all students were provided learning opportunities. Physical experience gave the greatest confidence. Opportunities afforded by the undergraduate curriculum allowed students to learn and develop through consolidation of theory, response to challenges and ultimately the gaining of confidence.
Fatigue fracture assessment of 10CrNi3MoV welded load‐carrying cruciform joints considering mismatch effect
Authors: Song Wei , Liu Xuesong , Xu Jie , Fan Yu , Shi Duanhu , He Min , Wang Xiaoxi , Berto Filippo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFatigue experiments and numerical simulations based on the linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) theory were conducted on the evenmatched (EM) and undermatched (UM) 10CrNi3MoV load‐carrying cruciform welded joints (LCWJs). The study firstly experimentally investigated the fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of base metal, EM, and UM weldments. The corresponding Paris parameters as essential input data are provided to assess the fatigue crack propagation behavior for weld toe and weld root failure caused by notch stress concentration variations. On the one hand, the stress intensity factors (SIFs) at weld toe and weld root were calculated considering the effects of LCWJ specimen geometries, initial crack types, and sizes. The comparisons between simulated results and standards analytical solutions were executed, which exhibit good accordance. It proved that the fatigue fracture simulation procedure based on LEFM is appropriate for the fatigue assessment of LCWJs. Eventually, it conducted the parametric analysis by predicted S–N curves, which included in the weld length, initial crack shape, initial crack size, penetration length, and materials fracture parameter, to explore some safety assessment reference lines for both failure modes of LCWJ.
Coexistence within an endangered predator–prey community in California vernal pools
Authors: Messerman Arianne F. , Clause Adam G. , Catania Shantel V. L. , Shaffer H. Bradley , Searcy Christopher A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Globally endangered ecosystems, such as ephemeral wetlands, are often critical habitat for multiple interacting imperilled species. To conserve this biodiversity, managers must consider both species‐specific resource requirements and mechanisms for endangered species coexistence under variable habitat conditions.

We examined communities native to California playa pools, ephemeral wetlands that have declined by >90% from their historic extent. Specifically, we describe the diet of a federally Threatened amphibian (Ambystoma californiense), and characterise interactions between this amphibian and two federally Endangered macrocrustaceans (Branchinecta conservatio and Lepidurus packardi) across three rain years to understand how these imperilled species coexist. We examined the dietary preferences of A. californiense larvae, metamorphs, juveniles, and breeding adults, and determined how prey electivity by larval A. californiense differs between natural playa pools and human‐modified stock ponds.

Within playa pools, both breeding adult and larval A. californiense preyed extensively on L. packardi, whereas fully terrestrial juveniles had relatively empty stomachs. We provide evidence for size‐moderated optimal foraging by larval A. californiense, and show that larval prey differed dramatically between playa pools and stock ponds. Additionally, an ontogenetic progression from smaller to larger prey gave the relatively large, endangered macrocrustaceans an early‐season temporal refuge, during which they reached maturity in all three rain years.

Consistent with complex life cycle theory, our results suggest that ephemeral wetland habitat offers abundant food resources for A. californiense relative to terrestrial habitat. Our findings also suggest that diet flexibility facilitates the persistence of this imperilled amphibian in human‐modified stock ponds. Temporal offsets in prey maturation rates and ontogenetic shifts in predator diets are likely to facilitate coexistence among the focal endangered species.

We highlight the importance of accounting for spatial and temporal variation in interspecific interactions when predicting the effects of environmental change on biodiversity, particularly in highly threatened ecosystems.
Remodeling of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) lipidome under a stimulated scenario of Arctic warming
Authors: Wang Chao , Gong Yufeng , Deng Fuchang , Ding Enmin , Tang Jie , Codling Garry , Challis Jonathan K. , Green Derek , Wang Jing , Chen Qiliang , Xie Yuwei , Su Shu , Yang Zilin , Raine Jason , Jones Paul D. , Tang Song , Giesy John P. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractArctic warming associated with global climate change poses a significant threat to populations of wildlife in the Arctic. Since lipids play a vital role in adaptation of organisms to variations in temperature, high‐resolution mass‐spectrometry‐based lipidomics can provide insights into adaptive responses of organisms to a warmer environment in the Arctic and help to illustrate potential novel roles of lipids in the process of thermal adaption. In this study, we studied an ecologically and economically important species—Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus)—with a detailed multi‐tissue analysis of the lipidome in response to chronic shifts in temperature using a validated lipidomics workflow. In addition, dynamic alterations in the hepatic lipidome during the time course of shifts in temperature were also characterized. Our results showed that early life stages of Arctic char were more susceptible to variations in temperature. One‐year‐old Arctic char responded to chronic increases in temperature with coordinated regulation of lipids, including headgroup‐specific remodeling of acyl chains in glycerophospholipids (GP) and extensive alterations in composition of lipids in membranes, such as less lyso‐GPs, and more ether‐GPs and sphingomyelin. Glycerolipids (e.g., triacylglycerol, TG) also participated in adaptive responses of the lipidome of Arctic char. Eight‐week‐old Arctic char exhibited rapid adaptive alterations of the hepatic lipidome to stepwise decreases in temperature while showing blunted responses to gradual increases in temperature, implying an inability to adapt rapidly to warmer environments. Three common phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) (PE 36:6|PE 16:1_20:5, PE 38:7|PE 16:1_22:6, and PE 40:7|PE 18:1_22:6) were finally identified as candidate lipid biomarkers for temperature shifts via machine learning approach. Overall, this work provides additional information to a better understanding of underlying regulatory mechanisms of the lipidome of Arctic organisms in the face of near‐future warming.