bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myeloid-Derived Suppressive Cells Deficient in Liver X Receptor α Protected From Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Li Bo , Lian Min , Li Yikang , Qian Qiwei , Zhang Jun , Liu Qiaoyan , Tang Ruqi , Ma Xiong 
Published: August 2021

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) emerge as a promising candidate for the immunotherapy of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). However, targets for modulating MDSC in AIH are still being searched. Liver X receptors (LXRs) are important nuclear receptors linking lipid metabolism and immune responses. Despite the extensive studies of LXR in myeloid compartment, its role in MDSCs is currently less understood. Herein, expression of LXRα was found to be upregulated in AIH patients and colocalized with hepatic MDSCs. In ConA-induced hepatitis, deletion of LXRα led to increased expansion of MDSCs in the liver and alleviated the hepatic injury. MDSCs in LXRα−/− mice exhibited enhanced proliferation and survival comparing with WT mice. T-cell proliferation assay and adoptive cell transfer experiment validated the potent immunoregulatory role of MDSCs in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, MDSCs from LXRα−/− mice possessed significantly lower expression of interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF-8), a key negative regulator of MDSC differentiation. Transcriptional activation of IRF-8 by LXRα was further demonstratedConclusionWe reported that abrogation of LXRα facilitated the expansion of MDSCs via downregulating IRF-8, and thereby ameliorated hepatic immune injury profoundly. Our work highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting LXRα in AIH.
Analysis of Primary Iris and Ciliary Body Cysts in Chinese Patients With Primary Angle Closure Disease
Authors: Wei Kun , Zuo Chengguo , Xu Jinyi , Chen Liming , Wang Dingqiao , Tang Zhongshu , Lin Mingkai 
Published: August 2021

Aim: To investigate the incidence and clinical features of primary iris and ciliary body cysts in Chinese primary angle closure disease (PACD). Patients were evaluated by measuring and analyzing the cysts with an ultrasound biomicroscope (UBM).Methods: The data of patients diagnosed with PACD were reviewed. Demographic data were collected, and the cyst number, size, location, and trabecular-iris angle (TIA) were measured, with the size including the longest diameter (LD) and its corresponding vertical diameter (CVD).Results: A total of 1,334 cases (2,317 eyes) were reviewed, and 409 cysts were found in 131 cases (168 eyes), with an average of 2.43 ± 3.14 cysts per eye. The ages of the patients with cysts ranged from 25 to 80 years, with an average age of 55.24 ± 12.22 years. The detection rate was 7.3%, and the majority of cysts were located in the iridociliary sulcus. Among the 131 patients, 94 had monocular cysts, while binocular cysts occurred in 37 patients. The locations of the cysts in both eyes were mainly in the inferior and temporal quadrants (42.5 and 34.0%, respectively). The cysts were mainly of medium size (49.9%), followed by small cysts (33.3%), large cysts (14.7%) and giant cysts (2.2%). The average LD was 0.68 ± 0.33 mm, and the average CVD was 0.45 ± 0.23 mm. There were no statistically significant differences in the TIA between the cyst area and unaffected area.Conclusions: The incidence of cysts is 7.3% in the PACD population. The cysts are mainly monocular, medium in size, and located in the iridociliary sulcus. Additionally, the cysts were located mainly in the inferior and temporal quadrants. These cysts have little effect on the anterior chamber angle.
Serum Bilirubin Levels and Extent of Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yu Fang , Zhang Lin , Liao Di , Luo Yunfang , Feng Xianjing , Liu Zeyu , Xia Jian 
Published: August 2021

Background: Bilirubin plays a paradoxical role in the pathological mechanism of stroke. To date, few clinical studies have investigated the effect of serum bilirubin on symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS). This study aims to evaluate the connection between serum bilirubin and sICAS.Methods: From September 2015 to May 2020, 1,156 sICAS patients without hepatobiliary diseases admitted to our hospital were included. Patients were distributed into none-mild (0–49%), moderate (50–69%) and severe-occlusion sICAS groups (70–100%) by the degree of artery stenosis. Moderate and severe-occlusion sICAS patients were classified into three groups by the number of stenotic arteries (single-, two- and multiple-vessel stenosis). The relationship between serum bilirubin levels and sICAS was analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results: In univariable analyses, sICAS patients with severe and multiple atherosclerotic stenoses had lower levels of total bilirubin (Tbil), direct bilirubin (Dbil), and indirect bilirubin (Ibil). In multinomial logistic regression analyses, when compared with the highest tertile of bilirubin, lower levels of Tbil, Dbil, and Ibil showed higher risks of severe-occlusion sICAS (95% CI: 2.018–6.075 in tertile 1 for Tbil; 2.380–7.410 in tertile 1 for Dbil; 1.758–5.641 in tertile 1 for Ibil). Moreover, the logistic regression analyses showed that lower levels of Tbil, Dbil, and Ibil were related to multiple (≥3) atherosclerotic stenoses (95% CI: 2.365–5.298 in tertile 1 and 2.312–5.208 in tertile 2 for Tbil; 1.743–3.835 in tertile 1 and 1.416–3.144 in tertile 2 for Dbil; 2.361–5.345 in tertile 1 and 1.604–3.545 in tertile 2 for Ibil) when compared with tertile 3.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that lower bilirubin levels may indicate severe and multiple intracranial atherosclerotic stenoses.
Expression Status and Prognostic Significance of Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase Family Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Tian Shan , Li Jiao , Guo Yingyun , Dong Weiguo , Zheng Xin 
Published: August 2021

PurposeGamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) family genes play crucial roles in the formation and progression of several solid tumors. However, the expression patterns and the prognostic significance of GGT members in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. This study was designed to determine the expression profiles of GGT family members in HCC and validate the prognostic value of serum GGT protein in patients with HCC.MethodWe comprehensively searched public resources based on the LIHC dataset to determine the expression patterns, prognostic significance, DNA methylation status, immune infiltration, and biological pathways of GGT family genes in HCC. Subsequently, we validated the prognostic value of serum GGT protein in 85 patients with early-stage HCC subjected to curative hepatectomy from the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University.ResultsExcept for GGT1, other GGT family members (GGT5, GGT6, and GGT7) were found to be differentially expressed in primary HCC samples (N = 371) and normal control tissues (N = 50). Furthermore, a positive relationship was not only observed between GGT1 and GGT5 (Spearman coefficient: 0.24, P = 5.143 × 10−6) but also between GGT5 and GGT6 (Spearman coefficient: 0.38, P = 1.24 × 10−13). The expression of GGT1, GGT5, and GGT7 was correlated with overall survival (OS), and GGT7 was associated with disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with HCC. Negative associations between DNA methylation and expression of mRNA were observed for GGT1 (Spearman coefficient: −0.38, P = 6.24e-14), GGT6 (Spearman coefficient: −0.29, P = 1.23e-8), and GGT7 (Spearman coefficient: −0.34, P=6.7e-11). GGT family genes were well correlated with the infiltration levels of immune cells in HCC, especially CD4+ T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Finally, when validated with clinical data from the Renmin cohort, a high expression of serum GGT protein was identified as a strong prognostic element of unfavorable OS (HR = 3.114, P = 0.025), but not of DFS (HR = 1.198, P = 0.05) in patients with HCC subjected to curative hepatectomy.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive analysis of the expression patterns and clinical value of GGT family genes in patients with HCC. Our study laid the foundation for the clinical application of the GGT protein in the survival assessment of patients with HCC.
Study on the Effect of Macrophages on Vascular Endothelium in Mice With Different TCM Syndromes of Dyslipidemia and its Biological Basis Based on RNA-Seq Technology
Authors: Chen Jing , Ye Chao , Yang Zheng , Wang Tieshan , Xu Bing , Li Pengyang , Zhang Shan , Xue Xiaolin 
Published: August 2021

Background: “Treating the same disease with different methods” is a Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapeutic concept suggesting that, while patients may be diagnosed with the same disease, they may also have different syndromes that require distinct drug administrations.Objective: This study aimed to identify the differentially expressed genes and related biological processes in dyslipidemia in relation to phlegm–dampness retention (PDR) syndrome and spleen and kidney Yang deficiency (SKYD) syndrome using transcriptomic analysis.Methods: Ten ApoE−/− mice were used for the establishment of dyslipidemic disease–syndrome models via multifactor-hybrid modeling, with five in the PDR group and five in the SKYD group. Additionally, five C57BL/6J mice were employed as a normal control group. Test model-quality aortic endothelial macrophages in mice were screened using flow cytometry. Transcriptomic analysis was performed for macrophages using RNA-Seq.Results: A quality assessment of the disease–syndrome model showed that levels of lipids significantly increased in the PDR and SKYD groups, compared to the normal control group, p &lt; 0.05. Applying, in addition, hematoxylin and eosin staining of aorta, the disease model was also successfully established. A quality assessment of the syndrome models showed that mice in the PDR group presented with typical manifestations of PDR syndrome, and mice in the SKYD group had related manifestations of SKYD syndrome, indicating that the syndrome models were successfully constructed as well. After comparing the differentially expressed gene expressions in macrophages of the dyslipidemic mice with different syndromes, 4,142 genes were identified with statistical significance, p &lt; 0.05. Gene ontology analysis for the differentially expressed genes showed that the biological process of difference between the PDR group and the SKYD group included both adverse and protective processes.Conclusion: The differentially expressed genes between PDR syndrome and SKYD syndrome indicate different biological mechanisms between the onsets of the two syndromes. They have distinctive biological processes, including adverse and protective processes that correspond to the invasion of pathogenic factors into the body and the fight of healthy Qi against pathogenic factors, respectively, according to TCM theory. Our results provide biological evidence for the TCM principle of “treating the same disease with different treatments.”
Safety and Efficacy of High-Dose Vitamin B6 as an Adjunctive Treatment for Antipsychotic-Induced Hyperprolactinemia in Male Patients With Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia
Authors: Zhuo Chuanjun , Xu Yong , Wang Haibo , Fang Tao , Chen Jiayue , Zhou Chunhua , Li Qianchen , Liu Jie , Xu Shuli , Yao Cong , Yang Weiliang , Yang Anqu , Li Bo , Chen Yuhui , Tian Hongjun , Lin Chongguang 
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of high-dose vitamin B6 (vB6) as an adjunct treatment for antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia (AIHP) in male patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). In this randomized double-blinded controlled study, patients were randomized (1:1) into a control group given aripiprazole (ARI; 10 mg/day; n = 100) or an intervention group given vB6 (300 mg/12 h for 16 weeks; n = 100). Prolactin levels, psychotic symptoms [Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)], cognitive function [MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB)], liver function, kidney function, growth hormone level, micronutrient levels, blood lipids, and adverse secondary effects (ASEs)[Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) and Barnes-Akathisia scale] were monitored. After a 16-week treatment period, the vB6 group showed a 68.1% reduction in serum prolactin levels (from 95.52 ± 6.30 μg/L to 30.43 ± 18.65 μg/L) while the ARI group showed only a 37.4% reduction (from 89.07 ± 3.59 μg/L to 55.78 ± 7.39 μg/L). During weeks 1–4, both treatments reduced prolactin similarly. Subsequently, the ARI effect plateaued, while the vB6 effect remained robust. The vB6 group showed better alleviation of psychotic symptoms and cognitive impairment. No serious ASEs were observed; ASEs were more frequent in the ARI group. AIHP reduction efficacy of vB6 was associated with baseline prolactin and triglyceride levels, total vB6 dosage, and education level. In conclusion, compared with the ARI group, TRS patients given vB6 showed better attenuation of AIHP, lower ASE scores, and greater improvements in clinical symptoms and cognitive impairments. These results support further consideration of vB6 as a putative treatment for AIHP.Trial Registration: ChiCTR1800014755
PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE NEW MILLENIUM: CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES
Authors: Osman Ali  
Published: August 2021

Public health in the new millenium will face greater challenges especially directly from globalisation. New challenges will required new responses. The quest for a relevant, quality, cost­ effective and equity in health care should be continued and strengthened by using the most appropriate and effective health promotion strategies and health care reform. New generation of health care providers especially public health professionals should play effective leadership roles, communicator, health provider, decision maker and health manager at the place or organisation they work with, to face ever changing challenges in the future.
The Circumstellar Gas of Phi Leonis in the UV
Authors: Grady C. A. , Rebollido Isabel , Brown Alexander , Welsh Barry , Eiroa C. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
HST UV spectra were obtained to study whether the φ Leo system has one or more stellar companions, as shown for the A-star dwarf, HR10, stellar pulsation, or transiting exocomets. During five partial HST observation sets spread over 13 months, redshifted gas with radial velocities up to +245 km s−1 was observed on one occasion, with lower velocity infalling material seen twice. Blueshifted gas features with velocities as high as −150 km s−1 with up to three features in two spectra were also seen. Low-mass stellar companions to late A stars are coronal sources. Assuming an age of 450 Myr, G-K companions to φ Leo, and multiple M-star companions would have been detected in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey data, but are not seen. Further, the star shows only 1 major pulsation component, suggesting it is single, excluding an A- or early F-star companion. Low covering factor absorption features with ∣v∣ ≤ 200 km s−1 have been reported in optical spectra with variation on timescales consistent with nonradial pulsation. However, the highest velocity infall feature has a broader, continuous absorption profile extending from the stellar velocity to +245 km s−1, with a covering factor of ∼25% which is more consistent with a transit by a body on a star-grazing orbit.
Probabilistic Modeling of Asteroid Diameters from Gaia DR2 Errors
Authors: de Souza Rafael S. , Krone-Martins Alberto , Carruba Valerio , de Cassia Domingos Rita , Ishida E. E. O. , Alijbaae Safwan , Huaman Espinoza Mariela , Barletta William 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Gaia Data Release 2 provides precise astrometry for nearly 1.5 billion sources across the entire sky, including several thousand asteroids. In this work, we provide evidence that reasonably large asteroids (diameter >20 km) have high correlations with Gaia relative flux uncertainties and systematic R.A. errors. We further capture these correlations using a logistic Bayesian additive regression tree model. We compile a small list of probable large asteroids that can be targeted for direct diameter measurements and shape reconstruction.
L’astrologue romantique entre histoire et imaginaire. L’exemple de Sir Walter Scott et d’E.T.A. Hoffmann
Authors: Parmentier Agnès 
Published: August 2021

Les astrologues étaient, au xviii e siècle, l’une des cibles satiriques des auteurs des Lumières, qui appelaient « superstition » ce qui ne rentrait pas dans le cadre de la science et de la religion instituées. Le traitement de ces personnages dans les œuvres de Walter Scott et d’E.T.A. Hoffmann indique toutefois qu’un tournant a eu lieu au début du xix e siècle : à partir notamment du modèle schillérien, cette figure à l’identité ambiguë a acquis une profondeur nouvelle grâce à sa capacité à revêtir de nombreux masques. Scott et Hoffmann ne représentent pas l’astrologie comme une menace ou un objet de dérision qu’il convient de tourner en ridicule. Elle est devenue chez eux aussi bien un « moment » du passé qui possède une valeur d’exemplarité historique, qu’une des voies permettant la défense des pouvoirs de l’imagination et d’une vision enchantée du monde. Il est donc pertinent de remettre en question certaines idées que ces auteurs défendent à propos de leur œuvre : la prose de Walter Scott n’est pas aussi opposée à celle de Hoffmann qu’il l’a affirmé, et Hoffmann, en ce qui concerne du moins l’histoire des croyances, hérite lui aussi du rationalisme des Lumières qu’il entend dénoncer.
Une approche phénoménologique du moi : temporalité, finitude et intersubjectivité
Authors: Heinämaa Sara , Sivenius Kaisa 
Published: August 2021

La philosophie européenne est souvent critiquée comme une manière dépassée de penser et est taxée d’individualiste, d’anthropocentrique et d’euro-centrique. Plusieurs de ces approches critiques partagent la notion que la source majeure des problèmes gît dans la pensée cartésienne héritée de l’ego. Je confronte cette notion anti-cartésienne de la philosophie européenne en argumentant que la phénoménologie husserlienne offre une réinterprétation robuste et viable de l’ego cartésien, une réinterprétation qui échappe aux impasses kantiennes du formalisme et de l’intellectualisme. Suivant l’analyse de Husserl et de Merleau-Ponty, je montre que le moi qui constitue le sens du monde n’est ni seulement une forme de représentations ni un solus ipse . Plutôt que d’être une forme statique ou un agent solitaire, le moi formateur du sens est une formation dynamique doté d’une structure interne et de relations génératives avec autres ego similaires.
L’avenir de la gestion d’actifs en environnement de taux bas, de transformations technologiques et à l’heure de la RSE
Authors: Aybran Bernard 
Published: August 2021

La gestion d’actifs reste un domaine de l’industrie financière les moins connus du grand public. Elle est pourtant devenue un intervenant majeur du financement des économies et bénéficie d’une croissance soutenue, que ni les crises financières ni la pandémie mondiale n’ont enrayée. Cette croissance est aujourd’hui canalisée, voire provoquée, par trois phénomènes majeurs. La baisse tendancielle des taux d’intérêt a accentué l’afflux des capitaux vers les fonds de placement. Par ailleurs, si la digitalisation bouleverse ses chaînes de production au même titre que toute l’économie, la gestion d’actifs reste, pour l’heure, relativement protégée de la concurrence des géants de l’Internet. Enfin, aiguillonnée tant par ses clients que par la réglementation, l’industrie se dirige toujours plus vers une gestion où environnement, gouvernance et responsabilité sociale auront droit de cité, comme conditions de réalisation d’une performance financière durable. Classification JEL : B26, E50, G01, G21, G23, G28
Comparison Between the Deviations After 1 and 24 Hours of Diagnostic Occlusion for Basic and Divergence Excess Types of Intermittent Exotropia
Authors: Mohan Kanwar , Sharma Suresh Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Purpose:
To compare the clinically significant (5 prism diopters [PD] or greater) changes in deviations after 1 and 24 hours of diagnostic monocular occlusion specifically for basic and divergence excess types of intermittent exotropia.

Methods:
In this prospective study, diagnostic monocular occlusion was performed at 1 and 24 hours before surgery in patients with intermittent exotropia. A change of 5 PD or greater in near and distance deviation after occlusion was considered clinically significant and used as the cut-off point for analysis. The mean clinically significant changes between the deviations after 1 and 24 hours of occlusion in patients with basic and divergence excess types of intermittent exotropia were compared.

Results:
A total of 21 patients with basic type and 20 patients with divergence excess type intermittent exotropia were included. No statistically significant differences were found for the mean near and distance deviations, the number of patients who had a clinically significant (5 PD or greater) increase, or the magnitude of increase in near and distance deviations after 1 hour versus 24 hours of diagnostic occlusion in patients with both types of intermittent exotropia.

Conclusions:
Diagnostic monocular occlusion for 1 hour is sufficient in patients with basic and divergence excess types of intermittent exotropia.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2022;59(1):41–45.]
Effect of the Control Ability on Stereopsis Recovery of Intermittent Exotropia in Children
Authors: Tang Wenquan , He Bin , Luo Jun , Deng Zifeng , Wang Xilang , Duan Xuanchu 
Published: August 2021

Purpose:
To explore the relationship between ocular position control ability and stereopsis recovery in children with intermittent exotropia, and to analyze the influencing factors of distance stereopsis recovery.

Methods:
In this retrospective study, 78 children with small angle intermittent exotropia received vision training for 3 months. All patients were examined for distance stereopsis with the synoptophore and for near stereopsis with the Titmus stereogram before and after the training. The patients were divided into low and high Newcastle Control Score (NCS) groups. The stereopsis of the two groups was compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of distance stereopsis recovery.

Results:

Among 78 children with intermittent exotropia, 33 had near stereopsis (42.3%) and 22 had distance stereopsis (28.2%); the difference was significant (
P
< .05). After 3 months of training, there were statistically significant differences between distance and near stereopsis in the low NCS group and the high NCS group (chi-square = 7.127,
P
= .008; chi-square = 13.005,
P
< .001). The number of children with distance and near stereopsis in the low NCS group increased significantly compared with before training (chi-square = 13.471,
P
< .001; chi-square = 22.244,
P
< .001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age of onset (odds ratio [OR] = 3.768,
P
= .001), near point of convergence (OR = 0.347,
P
= .002), and NCS (OR = 0.142,
P
= .002) were risk factors that affected stereopsis recovery in children with small angle intermittent exotropia.

Conclusions:
Control ability is one of the important indicators to assess the severity of intermittent exotropia. The worse the control ability, the more difficult the recovery of stereopsis. Age of onset, near point of convergence, and NCS are risk factors that affect the recovery of distance stereopsis.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2021;58(6):350–354.]