bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineered Nanoscale Vanadium Metallodrugs for Robust Tumor‐Specific Imaging and Therapy
Authors: Li Shihua , Chen Yongling , Zhu Wei , Yang Wen , Chen Zhaowei , Song Jibin , Song Xiaorong , Chen Xian , Yang Huanghao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTherapeutic metallodrugs have gained substantial success in cancer treatment and also motivate the active exploration of metallodrugs for cancer theranostics. However, it remains a challenge to engineer metallodrugs with desired therapy efficacy and safety because of their frequent in vivo limited bioavailability and off‐target delivery. Herein, an efficient strategy to design vanadium nanodrugs (VNDs) with cancer‐specific theranostic capability for visualizing/treating in vivo mice tumors, is developed. The VNDs are controllably constructed via a non‐covalent coordination triggered self‐assembly strategy, which allows the general synthesis of diverse nanoscale metallodrugs. Significantly, the VNDs exert an approximately tenfold enhancement of therapy efficacy in comparison with vanadium compounds and the clinically used cisplatin due to their improved bioavailability and multiple pathways‐mediated tumor‐selective therapy. Moreover, the VNDs feature intense near‐infrared (NIR) absorption and undergo specific disassembly in the tumor microenvironment, thus enabling tumor‐specific molecular imaging by the turn‐on NIR fluorescence of embedded labels upon disassembly. Hence, the vanadium nanoprodrugs propose a new paradigm for in vivo tumor‐selective therapy and imaging and may propel the design of effective anticancer metallodrugs.
Enhancing the Photovoltaic Performance of Ladder‐Type Heteroheptacene‐based Nonfullerene Acceptors by Incorporating Halogen Atoms on Their Ending Groups
Authors: Wan Shuo , Ma Yunlong , Cai Dongdong , Lin Wenyuan , Wang Pengsong , Wang Jinyun , Zheng Qingdong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEnding group halogenation is an effective strategy for modulating the energy levels, bandgaps, and intermolecular interactions of nonfullerene acceptors. Understanding the influence of different halogen atoms on the acceptor properties is of great importance for designing high‐performance nonfullerene acceptors. Here, three acceptor–donor–acceptor (A‐D‐A) type nonfullerene acceptors (M5, M6, and M7), which are constructed by using a ladder‐type heteroheptacene core without the traditional sp3 carbon‐bonded side chains as the electron‐rich core, and 2‐(3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐inden‐1‐ylidene)malononitrile without or with halogen atoms as the ending groups. The nonfullerene acceptors with chlorinated (M6) and brominated (M7) ending groups exhibit broadened absorption spectra, down‐shifted energy levels, and enhanced molecular ordering compared to the counterpart without any halogenated ending groups (M5). Among the nonfullerene acceptors, M6 has the strongest intermolecular ππ interaction with its shortest ππ interaction distance and the longest coherent length which are beneficial for enhancing the charge transport and therefore boosting the photovoltaic performance. An excellent power conversion efficiency of 15.45% is achieved for the best‐performing polymer solar cell based on M6. These results suggest that the halogenated ending groups are essential for high‐performance heteroheptacene‐based nonfullerene acceptors considering their simultaneous enhancements in both the light‐harvesting and the charge transport.
Thermal Reductive Perforation of Graphene Cathode for High‐Performance Aluminum‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kong Yueqi , Tang Cheng , Huang Xiaodan , Nanjundan Ashok Kumar , Zou Jin , Du Aijun , Yu Chengzhong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractControlling the structure of graphene‐based materials with improved ion intercalation and diffusivity is crucial for their applications, such as in aluminum‐ion batteries (AIBs). Due to the large size of AlCl4− ions, graphene‐based cathodes have specific capacities of ≈60 to 148 mAh g−1, limiting the development of AIBs. A thermal reductive perforation (TRP) strategy is presented, which converts three‐layer graphene nanosheets to surface‐perforated graphene materials under mild temperature (400 °C). The thermal decomposition of block copolymers used in the TRP process generates active radicals to deplete oxygen and create graphene fragments. The resultant material has a three‐layer feature, in‐plane nanopores, >50% expanded interlayer spacing, and a low oxygen content comparable to graphene annealed at a high temperature of ≈3000 °C. When applied as an AIB cathode, it delivers a reversible capacity of 197 mAh g−1 at a current density of 2 A g−1 and reaches 92.5% of the theoretical capacity predicted by density‐functional theory simulations.
Precision Embolism: Biocompatible Temperature‐Sensitive Hydrogels as Novel Embolic Materials for Both Mainstream and Peripheral Vessels
Authors: Wang Qi , He Yang , Shen Ming , Huang Lili , Ding Li , Hu Jian , Dong Yang , Fu Hao , Wang Quan , Sun Ying , Zhang Lin , Cao Jun , Duan Yourong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractComplete blood blockage and low ectopic embolism risk are urgently needed for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment. However, the clinically available embolic reagents still face the huge challenges of fast recanalization and undesirable migration. In the present work, a temperature‐sensitive poloxamer 407 (F127)/hydroxymethyl cellulose (HPMC)/sodium alginate (SA)‐derived hydrogel (FHSgel) is explored as a novel embolic material in the TACE treatment. With increasing temperature, this FHSgel undergoes sensitive phase transition process, so as to block both mainstream and peripheral vessels. Meanwhile, taking advantage of the close fitness between shapeable FHSgel and vessels, the embolism time is extremely extended. Moreover, the leaked FHSgel could be diluted below the gelation concentration, thus effectively preventing from ectopic embolism. TACE treatment is further conducted for rabbit liver and kidney tumors, wherein the atrophic blood vessels and necrotic tissue demonstrate superior therapy effect. In addition, all three pharmaceutical excipients are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In contrast with the clinical embolic reagents, the temperature‐sensitive FHSgel for the first time completely blocks both mainstream and peripheral vessels with totally biocompatible pharmaceutical excipients, and makes a breakthrough in terms of largely reducing the ectopic embolism risk, thus providing a new generation for interventional embolization.
Profiles of institutional departments affect operative outcomes of eight gastroenterological procedures
Authors: Konno Hiroyuki , Kamiya Kinji , Takahashi Arata , Kumamaru Hiraku , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Marubashi Shigeru , Hakamada Kenichi , Miyata Hiroaki , Seto Yasuyuki 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimWe evaluated the association of profiles of institutional departments with operative outcomes of eight major gastroenterological procedures.MethodsWe administered a 15‐item online survey to 2634 institutional departments in 2016 to investigate the association of questionnaire responses with operative mortality for the procedures. The proportions of conditions met were listed according to institutional volume and classified according to annual operative cases in 1464 departments. Group A included departments with annual performance of <40 cases of the eight procedures, B 40‐79 cases, C 80‐199 cases, D 200‐499 cases, and E ≥ 500 cases. We evaluated the number of conditions met for 10 of 15 items that could be improved by efforts of institutional departments, to assess whether the profiles of institutional departments had impacts on operative mortality. We built a multivariable logistic regression model for operative mortality with facilities categorized based on the number of conditions met and procedure‐specific predicted mortality as explanatory variables using generalized estimating equation to account for facility‐level clustering. We also examined how operative outcomes differed between facilities meeting nine or more conditions and those that did not.ResultsWe recognized meeting nine out of the 10 conditions as being a good indicator for having appropriate structural and process measures for gastroenterological surgery. The facilities meeting nine or more of the conditions had better operative mortality for all eight procedures.ConclusionsOur findings reveal that the profiles of institutional departments can reflect the outcomes of gastroenterological surgery in Japan.
Thrombomodulin expression impacts the recurrence and long‐term survival in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Sugano Hiroshi , Shirai Yoshihiro , Sato Shun , Hamatani Shigeharu , Hamura Ryoga , Taniai Tomohiko , Horiuchi Takashi , Gocho Takeshi , Eto Ken , Ikegami Toru 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive digestive cancers. The tumor expression of thrombomodulin (TM) is correlated with favorable prognosis in several types of cancer. However, this correlation has not been confirmed in hepato‐pancreato‐biliary cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of TM expression in resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.MethodsThe data of patients who underwent pancreatic resection for pancreatic invasive ductal adenocarcinoma were obtained from a prospectively maintained database. A total of 131 patients were included. Paraffin sections of tumor tissues were stained immunohistochemically using TM antibody. The patients were divided into two groups: the TM‐positive or TM‐negative group.ResultsThe specimens were TM‐positive in 72 cases. TM expression was a significant factor of favorable prognosis in univariate analysis for disease‐free (DFS) and overall survival (OS). The median OS in the TM‐positive patients was 32.9 mo, which was better than the 20.0 mo in TM‐negative patients (P =.006). TM positivity retained its significance on multivariate analysis for DFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.651, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.433–0.979, P =.039) and OS (HR 0.569, 95% CI 0.376–0.862, P =.008).ConclusionsThe tumor expression of TM is a favorable factor for OS in resected pancreatic invasive ductal adenocarcinoma.
Effectiveness of multimodality treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein thrombosis: A real world experience
Authors: Kuo Fei‐Pang , Cheng Tzu‐Hsuan , Cheng Yu‐Ming , Wu Chao‐Chuan , Wang Chia‐Chi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) can induce intrahepatic metastasis, deteriorate liver reserves, and worsen the prognosis of HCC. Although systemic therapy is currently standard treatment, multimodality treatment is used in clinical practices. HCC patients with PVT registered in the Cancer center of Taipei Tzu‐Chi Hospital from January 2010 to January 2016 were retrospectively enrolled. PVT was categorized according to Japanese Vp classification. A total of 101 HCC patients with PVT were included for final analysis. The 1‐, 3‐, or 5‐year survival rate was 33.7%, 11.9%, or 5%, respectively. The median overall survival was significantly better in HCC patients with branch PVT (BPV) than those with main PVT (MPV) (7 vs 4.8 months, P = .009) and in those receiving surgical resection than those without (12.8 vs 5.6 months, P < .001). Using Cox regression analysis after adjustment with confounding factors, surgical resection was the only favorable predictor of a survival rate (hazard ratio 0.14; 95% confidence interval 0.05‐0.38) in HCC patients with PVT. In conclusion, the overall survival was better in HCC patients with branch PVT and those receiving surgical resection. Surgical resection is the only favorable predictor of overall survival for HCC patients with PVT rather than other multimodality treatment including sorafenib, suggesting surgical resection is not contra‐indicated for HCC patients with PVT especially branch type PVT.
Haplo‐identical or mismatched unrelated donor hematopoietic cell transplantation for Fanconi anemia: Results from the Severe Aplastic Anemia Working Party of the EBMT
Authors: Zubicaray Josune , Pagliara Daria , Sevilla Julian , Eikema Dirk‐Jan , Bosman Paul , Ayas Mouhab , Zecca Marco , Yesilipek Akif , Kansoy Savas , Renard Cécile , Dalle Jean H. , Campos Antonio , Faraci Maura , Kupesiz Alphan , Smiers Frans J. W. , Velardi Andrea , Abecasis Manuel , Corti Paola , Fagioli Franca , González Muñiz Soledad , Kriván Gergely , Dufour Carlo , Risitano Antonio , Corbacioglu Selim , Peffault de Latour Régis 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is the only curative option for bone marrow failure or hematopoietic malignant diseases for Fanconi anemia (FA) patients. Although results have improved over the last decades, reaching more than 90% survival when a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐identical donor is available, alternative HCT donors are still less reported. We compared HCT outcomes using HLA‐mismatched unrelated donors (MMUD; n = 123) or haplo‐identical donors (HDs), either using only in vivo T cell depletion (n = 33) or T cells depleted in vivo with some type of graft manipulation ex vivo (n = 59) performed for FA between 2000 and 2018. Overall survival (OS) by 24 months was 62% (53–71%) for MMUD, versus 80% (66–95%) for HDs with only in vivo T cell depletion and 60% (47–73%) for HDs with in vivo and ex vivo T cell depletion (p = .22). Event‐free survival (EFS) was better for HD‐transplanted FA patients with only in vivo T cell depletion 86% (73–99%) than for those transplanted from a MMUD 58% (48–68%) or those with graft manipulation 56% (42–69%) (p = .046). Grade II‐IV acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) was 41% (MMUD) versus 40% (HDs with no graft manipulation) versus 17% (HDs with T cell depleted graft), (p = .005). No differences were found for the other transplant related outcomes. These data suggest that HDs might be considered as an alternative option for FA patients with better EFS using unmanipulated grafts.
Efficacy of dupilumab in patients with a history of prior sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Hopkins Claire , Wagenmann Martin , Bachert Claus , Desrosiers Martin , Han Joseph K. , Hellings Peter W. , Lee Stella E. , Msihid Jérôme , Radwan Amr , Rowe Paul , Amin Nikhil , Deniz Yamo , Ortiz Benjamin , Mannent Leda P. , Rout Rajesh 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a type 2 inflammatory disease treated with sinus surgery when refractory to medical intervention. However, recurrence postsurgery is common. Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody, blocks the shared receptor for interleukin 4 (IL‐4) and IL‐13, key and central drivers of type 2 inflammation. We report the efficacy of dupilumab in patients with CRSwNP from the SINUS‐24/SINUS‐52 trials (NCT02912468/NCT02898454), by number of prior surgeries and time since last surgery.MethodsPatients were randomized to placebo or dupilumab 300 mg every 2 weeks. Post hoc subgroup analyses were performed for patients with 0, ≥1, 1/2, or ≥3 prior surgeries, and for patients who had surgery within <3, 3 to <5, 5 to <10, or ≥10 years. Efficacy outcomes at 24 weeks included co‐primary endpoints nasal polyp score (NPS) and nasal congestion (NC), and Lund‐Mackay (LMK), 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22), and smell scores.ResultsOf 724 patients randomized, 459 (63.4%) had ≥1 prior surgery. Baseline sinus disease (NPS, NC, LMK) and olfactory dysfunction (University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test [UPSIT] and loss of smell) scores were worse for patients with ≥3 prior surgeries vs no surgery. Baseline NPS and LMK were worse in patients with <3 years since last surgery than in patients with ≥5 years since last surgery. Dupilumab significantly improved all outcome measures vs placebo in all subgroups by number of surgeries and by time since last surgery. Improvements in NPS and LMK were greater in patients with <3 years since last surgery than patients with ≥5 years. Safety results were consistent with the known dupilumab safety profile.ConclusionDupilumab improved CRSwNP outcomes irrespective of surgery history, with greater improvements in endoscopic outcomes in patients with shorter duration since last surgery.
In‐hospital mortality among patients with invasive non‐group A β‐hemolytic Streptococcus treated with clindamycin combination therapy: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Hamada Shoichiro , Nakajima Mikio , Kaszynski Richard H. , Kumazawa Ryosuke , Matui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Goto Hideaki , Yamaguchi Yoshihiro , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: February 2021

AimCombination treatment with clindamycin is recommended in patients with invasive group A Streptococcus infection; however, whether the same treatment is effective in invasive group B Streptococcus and S. dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis infections remains unknown. We aimed to investigate whether clindamycin added to standard of care therapy would be effective in patients with invasive non‐group A β‐hemolytic Streptococcus infections.MethodsThis was a nationwide retrospective cohort study using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database focusing on the period between 2010 and 2018. We extracted data on patients diagnosed with sepsis due to non‐group A β‐hemolytic Streptococcus. One‐to‐four propensity score‐matching was undertaken to compare patients who were treated with clindamycin within 2 days of admission (clindamycin group) and those who did not (control group). The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality.ResultsWe identified 3754 eligible patients during the study period. The patients were divided into the clindamycin (n = 296) and control groups (n = 3458). After one‐to‐four propensity score matching, we compared 289 and 1156 patients with and without clindamycin, respectively. In‐hospital mortality did not significantly differ between the two groups (9.7% versus 10.3%; risk difference 0.3%; 95% confidence interval, –3.5% to 4.2%).ConclusionsThis nationwide database study showed that combination therapy involving the use of clindamycin was not associated with lower in‐hospital mortality in patients with invasive non‐group A β‐hemolytic Streptococcus.
Simultaneous analysis of 44 frequently abused corticosteroid drugs using polysaccharide‐based chiral column‐HRMS approach
Authors: Karakka Kal Abdul Khader , Karatt Tajudheen K. , Nalakath Jahfar , Subhahar Michael Benedict , Koshy Shino Ann , Perwad Zubair , M.P Muhammed Ajeebsanu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCorticoids have found their way into the globe of sports, due to their anti‐inflammatory properties, and have often found to be added to dietary supplements for illegally improving the effectiveness of their products. Earlier studies describe the detection of corticoids in several matrices, but this can be an incessant and continuous process as long because the doping practices continue. In this study, we report a technique to verify concurrently 44 of the foremost commonly abused synthetic corticoids (including chiral analogs) in equine plasma supported chiral liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Polysaccharide i‐cellulose‐5 column was used for chromatographic separation with a gradient mode. The validation studies were also meted out by using equine plasma so as to judge the suitability of the strategy. Detection limits were determined between 0.01 and 0.05 ng/mL and therefore the limit of quantification was between 0.1 and 0.5 ng/mL. Recovery and matrix effect on the analytes was further assessed. Since the developed method was ready to separate the corticoids and to differentiate chiral analogs at very low levels (in picograms), this separation techniques may be employed for the determination (confirmatory analysis) of the corticoids in the forensic and anti‐doping application.
Antibacterial carbon dots derived from polyethylene glycol/polyethyleneimine with potent anti‐friction performance as water‐based lubrication additives
Authors: Tang Wentao , Li Peili , Zhang Gaoke , Yang Xu , Yu Meizhe , Lu Haojie , Xing Xiaodong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) are obtained from polyethylene glycol and polyethyleneimine by a simple hydrothermal method at 200°C. The water dispersion of CDs (0.2 wt%) remains transparent even after standing for a month. Next, the tribological properties of CDs as water lubricating additives are evaluated by multifunctional micro‐friction tester. Specifically, after adding 0.2 wt% of CDs, the mean friction coefficient and wear volume of water‐based lubrication are reduced by 59.77 and 57.97%, respectively. Meanwhile, the antibacterial properties of CDs are evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentrations test, long‐lasting antibacterial stability, and biological scanning electron microscopy experiment. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of CDs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are 62.5 and 15.56 μg ml−1, respectively. And the result show that, after co‐cultivation with CDs, the integrity of the bacteria is seriously destroyed, which accelerates the leakage of the cell contents and eventually leads to the death of bacteria. More importantly, the antibacterial performance can be maintained stably at least for 1 month even if the continuously adding of bacterial suspensions. Therefore, as an advanced lubricating additive with antibacterial and anti‐friction functions, the prepared CDs have a bright future in the field of water lubrication.
Machine learning highlights the importance of primary and secondary production in determining habitat for marine fish and macroinvertebrates
Authors: Friedland Kevin D. , Bachman Michelle , Davies Andrew , Frelat Romain , McManus M. Conor , Morse Ryan , Pickens Bradley A. , Smoliński Szymon , Tanaka Kisei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Species distribution models for marine organisms are increasingly used for a range of applications, including spatial planning, conservation, and fisheries management. These models have been constructed using a variety of mathematical forms and drawing on both physical and biological independent variables; however, what might be called first‐generation models have mainly followed the form of linear models, or smoothing splines, informed by data collected in the context of fish surveys.
The performance of different classes of variables were tested in a series of species occurrence models built with machine learning methods, specifically evaluating the potential contribution of lower trophic level data. Random forest models were fitted based on the classification of the absence/presence for fish and macroinvertebrates surveyed on the US Northeast Continental Shelf.
The potential variables included physical, primary production, secondary production, and terrain variables. For accepted model fits, six variable importance measures were computed, which collectively showed that physical and secondary production variables make the greatest contribution across all models. In contrast, terrain variables made the least contribution to these models.
Multivariable analyses that account for all performance measures reinforce the role of water depth and temperature in defining species presence and absence; however, chlorophyll concentration and some specific zooplankton taxa, such as Metridia lucens and Paracalanus parvus, also make important contributions with strong seasonal variations.
Our results suggest that lower trophic level variables, if available, are valuable in the creation of species distribution models for marine organisms.