bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Implementation of Tasamuh ala Ahlussunah School in Learning Islamic Education
Authors: Kamaludin  , Hanif Muh 
Published: July 2021

The value of tasamuh as one of the values in Ahlussunah wal Jama’ah is very essential in implementation of Muslims. Tasamuh is to be tolerant of differences of views, especially in matters that are furuiyyah, so that they can coexist peacefully with other parties even though the aqeedah, way of thinking and culture are different. Tasamuh or mutual respect towards fellow Muslims is highly recommended in Islam to strengths in maintaining unity among Muslims, besides being a social demand it is also a form of brotherhood bound by the same aqeedah rope. Even in the hadith is explained that a person is not perfect in his faith if he does not have compassion and tolerance towards his Muslims brother. The aim of this research is to determine the exercise of the implementation of Tasamuh ala Ahlussunah wal Jama’ah in the learning of Islamic education in Ma’arif High School karanganyar Purbalingga and to know the inhibiting factors and supporting factors in the implementation of Tasamuh ala Ahlussunah in learning of Islamic education in Ma’arif High School Karanganyar, Purbalingga. The data collecting method used in this study are interview and documentation. Then, the data analysis used data reduction, presentation of data, and verification. The results of the research on the implementation of tasamuh ala Ahlussunah in learning Islamic education in Ma’arif High School Karanganyar include tasamuh attitudes towards fellow students, Tasamuh towards fellow Muslims and tasamuh towards non-Muslims. Supporting and inhibiting factors of the implementation of tasamuh ala Ahlussunah in learning Islamic education in Ma’arif High School Karanganyar is devided into two, namely internal factors and external factors.
Analysis of MeEf1A6 Gene Promoter Activity with In-vitro and In-vivo using Transient and Stable Expression Techniques in Tobacco Plant (Nicotiana tabacum)
Authors: Andalusia Galih Gibral , Suhandono Sony , Zainuddin Ima Mulyama 
Published: July 2021

The promoter is a part of the gene that functions in carrying out the gene expression, and its work activity becomes a matter of concern to ensure that expression works effectively. MeEF1A6 (Manihot esculenta Elongation Factor 1 Alfa - 6) is a promoter derived from cassava plants (Manihot esculenta). In previous studies, the MeEF1A6 promoter was successfully isolated, introduced, and characterized into the pBI121 plasmid, replacing the CaMV35S promoter. This study aims to analyze the activity of MeEF1A6 promoters in-vivo and in-vitro by using transient and transgenic techniques in tobacco plants. The pBI121 plasmid containing the MeEF1A6 promoter was introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL1 and LBA4404. The promoter's work was then analyzed by the result of introducing it into the tobacco plant using the transient and stable transformation. The whole part of explants was used for transient study and tested in a minimum of two biological replicates. Sixty sheets of explant leaves that have been cut were used for stable transformation. The promoter work analysis was carried out with the GUS gene expression that integrated with the promoter with histochemical GUS assay. The transient produced a blue color in the roots, stems, and leaves on the whole repetition. The transverse incision in the stem shows the blue color on the epidermis and procambium tissue. Stable transformation using AGL1 as vector produced 43 shoots from 40 calli. A total of 43 shoots were selected with antibiotics and produced 27 plantlets that were successfully grown. Some plantlets are then reacted with x-gluc as histochemical GUS assay substrat and produced a blue color in the explants, indicating that the MeEF1A6 promoter has been successfully introduced. The results indicate that the MeEF1A6 promoter could work on plant tissue in roots, stems, leaves, and tissues that connect meristems such as procambium in tobacco plants. This reinforces the suspicion that the MeEF1A6 promoter performs work constitutionally as a constitutive promoter.
Analysis of Bacterial Community level Physiological Profiling on the Fermentation of Traditional Pliek u using BIOLOG EcoPlates
Authors: Edwar Suji , Aditiawati Pingkan 
Published: July 2021

Pliek u is an Acehnese traditional condiment made from fermented coconut (Cocos nucifera) endosperm. The traditional pliek u fermentation process typically involves a diverse bacterial community. This research aimed to discover the physiological profile of the bacterial community diversity in pliek u fermentation. BIOLOGTM EcoPlates was used to obtain the physiological functions of the bacterial community during the pliek u fermentation process. The bacteria were then isolated from EcoPlate substrate to determine the predominant microorganism. Results from the analysis showed that the value of the Average Well Colour Development (AWCD) increased during the EcoPlates incubation period. The AWCD values in sample IV were higher than the AWCD values in samples I, II, and III. PCA analysis showed that the use of EcoPlate substrate by the bacterial community at the beginning of the fermentation was correlated with the substrate groups of carbohydrate and polymer, and with the substrate groups of carbohydrate and the amino acid at the end of the fermentation. The phylogenetic analysis showed that EC1 had a close relation with Pseudomonas azotoformans strain NBRC, while EC3 had a close relation with Psedomonas lundensis strain ATCC 49968. In conclusion, there were changes in the use of EcoPlate substrate and the activities of the bacterial community during the pliek u fermentation process.
Histological and Histochemical Study of Radiofrequency Radiation effects on the Hippocampus during the Pre- and Postnatal Stages of Development
Authors: Owolabi Joshua Oladele , Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen 
Published: July 2021

Background: The research was designed to model the exposure to radiofrequency radiation (RFR) by habitual users of RFR-enabled devices and to observe possible aberrations in tissues that are attributable to exposures. The RFR exposure regimen modelled cases of continuous, and intermittent exposures in human conditions, using Wistar rats. The primary objective of the study was to study intrauterine and postnatal exposure to RFR and study its effects on specific brain structural and functional attributes.
Materials and Methods: Experimental Wistar rats were housed in facilities that enabled exposure to specific type of RFR source (the 4G RFR-emitting internet router) and for specific durations which included 21 days of pregnancy and 35 post-natal days, marking the point of puberty. Following exposure, animals were sacrificed to excise brain tissues for histological analysis using the haematoxylin and eosin technique, histochemical analysis using the Nissl technique, and immunohistochemical techniques including the IBA 1 and Caspase 3 techniques for inflammation and potential apoptosis. Representative histological and histochemical photomicrographs were analysed using principles of qualitative histology and histochemistry.
Results and Conclusion: Findings from the current research showed that RFR-exposure did not produce teratogenic or neurodegenerative effects within the hippocampus. This was evident from the study of the hippocampus’ histoarchitectural organisation, morphologies of the cells as well as their spatial distribution. Functional integrity of cells in the different regions of the hippocampal formation, namely the CA 1-4 areas as well as the dentate gyrus also showed that Nissl substance expression, which is a marker of neuron functional integrity, was relatively normally expressed across the experimental animals. This experimental modelling of human habitual exposure to RFR showed no evidence of prenatal teratogenic effects or postnatally induced extensive neurodegeneration up until puberty. However, it would be very important to indicate that RFR-exposure enhanced apoptotic potentials via the Caspase-3 pathway. The implications of this effect on later life mental health and neurological attributes will require further investigation
Impact of Green Products on Consumer Purchase Decision in Coimbatore City of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Sivaselvan D. , Samsai T. , Mahendran K. 
Published: July 2021

Aim: The purpose of the study is to find the awareness of consumers towards green products, factors influencing them to purchase the green products and the problems faced by consumers while purchasing the green products in Coimbatore city
Design of the Study: The study is empirical in nature as the study aims to find out the Impact of green products on consumer purchase decision in Coimbatore city. The study is carried out with a survey through a well structured interview schedule. Collection of data for the purpose of the research study is in the form of primary data as the study being empirical in nature.
Methodology: The sampling technique involved is purposive sampling. The study is limited only in Coimbatore city. The data were collected from the customer who were aware about the green products. The survey conducted in customers of organised retail stores. In this study, total samples is 100.Tools used for analysis were percentage analysis, factor analysis and Garett’s Ranking Technique.
Findings: Consumer Awareness towards green products was high and it indicated that they were having high environmental concern. Most of the sample respondents were college graduates and they have good knowledge about the green products. Consumer attitude towards purchase of green product was high. Consumer purchase decision of green products was highly based on the Quality and Promotion (Advertisement). High cost is the major problem faced by the sample respondents while purchasing of green products.
The effect of Leverage and Profitability on Corporate Value with Dividend Policy as Moderating Variables (Manufacturing Companies in the Consumer Goods Industry which were Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (Idx) for the Period 2016 – 2018)
Authors: Wahyudi Sely Megawati 
Published: July 2021

This study aims to examine and examine the effect of Leverage dan Profitability on Firm Value with dividend policy as moderating variables. The data used in this study are secondary in the form of financial statements of each sample company reported to the IDX from 2016-2018, sourced from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) website, namely www.IDX.co.id
The sample used in this study were 13 companies from 43 manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry which were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2016 - 2018. The sample was performed using a purposive sampling method. The data analysis used in this research is multiple regression analysis.
This study produces Leverage that has no significant effect on firm value, while profitability has a significant effect on firm value. Dividend policy can moderate the effect of profitability on firm value and dividend policy can moderate the effect of leverage on firm value.
Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Myrianthus arboreus Seed Oil Harvested from Cote d’Ivoire
Authors: Séverin Katou Yapo , Emmanuel Koffi N’dri , Alexis Gué Lieuné , Kessé N’da Philippe , Akhanovna Mamyrbekova-Békro Janat , Yves-Alain Békro 
Published: July 2021

Aims: The rich and diversified Ivorian flora abounds in countless oilseed plants that certain rural populations use for the preparation of dishes. Thus, certain physical and chemical parameters and the fatty acid composition of the fat extracted from the seeds of Myrianthus arboreus from four towns in Côte d'Ivoire (Agboville; Bouaflé; Daloa and Man), were determined, in order to contribute to the development of this wild plant.
Methodology and Results: Physical and chemical parameters determined by dosage comply with Codex Alimentarius standards. These parameters vary according to the harvest area and they show that the oil of Myrianthus arboreus is rich in unsaturated compounds (Iv ˃ 90; Ri = 1.472 ± 0.001) The evaluation of the antioxidant activity, carried out by spectrophotometry by trapping the radical stable DPPH, showed a weak reduction of the stable radical DPPH by the oil of Myrianthus arboreus compared to vitamin C. This investigation also made it possible to determine for the first time the fatty acid composition of the oil of Myrianthus arboreus by GC / MS; more than 90% linoleic acid is the major acid.
Conclusion and Application: The oils analyzed showed very good contents of determined elements. Thus, the oil of Myrianthus arboreus could be used as well in human nutrition as in therapy. Thus, by its intrinsic characteristics, the oil from the seeds of Myrianthus arboreus is comparable to a conventional vegetable oil.
Anti-Amnesic Effect of Curculigo orchioides Plant Extract and Its Function on Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme
Authors: Biswas Kushal , Haque Umme Habiba , Mahbub Nuzhat , Roy Authoi 
Published: July 2021

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and one of the most predominant causes of dementia in older people. Preventing acetylcholine from breakdown by an excess amount of acetylcholinesterase is a proven therapy for AD. Traditionally Curculigo orchioides is known for its antioxidant activity, enzyme inhibition activity, and other medicinal uses. In this study, in vitro acetylcholinesterase, inhibitory activity was investigated, and methanolic extract of the plant showed significant activity. This study aims to investigate cholinesterase inhibitory activity, learning, and memory-enhancing activity of Curculigo orchioides.
Materials and Methods: The crude methanol extract of the dried powder was prepared by the cold extraction method. In-vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities were determined by the modified Ellman’s method. To confirm learning and memory-enhancing effects, the scopolamine-induced memory impairment Swiss-albino mice were used, and to find the anti-amnesic effect of the extract, a passive shock avoidance task was applied.
Results: Results proved that scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction decreased significantly by administration of the plant extract solution in the passive avoidance task, and inhibited brain acetylcholinesterase activity. While running an in-vitro AChE inhibitory test the IC50 was 0.782±0.067μg/ml.
Conclusion: The results suggested that methanolic extract of Curculigo orchioides can inhibit AChE in-vitro. Besides this, it provides data that proves its ability to improve whole brain AChE activity and enhance memory.
Contraceptive Activity of Vitex doniana Stem Bark Methanol Extract in Female Albino Rats
Authors: Ukwuani-Kwaja Angela Nnenna , Sani Ibrahim , Zubairu Abdulhamid 
Published: July 2021

Aims: The acceptability and accessibility of modern contraceptive drugs are limited especially in northern Nigeria. These contraceptives also have numerous side effects hence there is need to search for safe natural alternatives from medicinal plants. This research was aimed at evaluating the contraceptive effect of stem bark methanol extract of Vitex doniana in female albino rats.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero, Kebbi State, Nigeria. Between August 2019 to July 2020.
Methodology: Vitex doniana stem bark was extracted with methanol and the extract was subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening. Acute toxicity (LD50) of V. doniana stem bark extract was determined using up and down method and anti-fertility effect was evaluated via (anti-ovulation, anti-implantation and serum hormonal assay).
Results: The results for phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, glycoside, balsam and volatile oil. The LD50 of the extract was estimated to be greater than 5000 mg/kg as no mortality or any sign of toxicity are recorded within 14 days. The anti-fertility studies, methanol stem bark extract of Vitex doniana showed anti-ovulation activity through alteration of estrous cycle, changes in the histology of ovarian corpus luteum and decreasing number of follicles of extract treatment groups compared to control. Serum hormonal assay showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in oestrogen and progesterone level respectively in the extract treated groups compared to control group. Also, anti-implantation effect was observed in drug treated group (levenogesterel) and group treated with 400 mg/kg of V. doniana stem bark as there was no evidence of conception.
Conclusion: The present study revealed that methanol stem bark extract of Vitex doniana is relatively nontoxic at acute dose and possess a moderate amount of antifertility agent.
COVID-19 Crisis: What is the Role of Telehealth?
Authors: Turkistani Fatema , Sawad Aseel Bin 
Published: July 2021

Background: The adverse outcomes of COVID-19 on the healthcare system has prompted the enactment of social distancing and self-isolation or quarantine to minimize the spread of the contagious virus. The need for social distancing and isolation has made telehealth a game-changer in the war against COVID-19.
Objectives: The objectives of this study were: (1) To evaluate the current trends of using telehealth during COVID-19 pandemic, (2) To discuss regulatory and policy changes related to telehealth at the service provider level, (3) To analyze recommendations by professional organizations, and (4) To evaluate challenges and recommendations for best practices.
Methods: This is a narrative review. Most current information (focused on the measures that the healthcare system has adopted to integrate telehealth in the coronavirus response measures) was obtained from peer-reviewed journals and the website of payers, pharmacies, and professional organizations.
Results: Response and management of COVID-19 has seen a surge in the use of telehealth and mobile applications. Health insurance providers have reformed their payer policies to integrate telehealth in COVID-19 response. Waiving premiums, co-pays, and cost-sharing are the most common changes across the industry. For example, Cleveland Clinic has reported a 1,665% increase in the number of telemedicine visits, recording 60,000 visits in March compared to 3,400 before coronavirus. The expansion of telehealth in the era of COVID-19 has presented practical challenges stymying progress.
Conclsion: Telehealth is indisputable in promoting social distance, which is a proven public health promotion intervention for curbing the spread of coronavirus.
Behavior of Medical Students toward Over-the-Counter Drugs in Comparison to Students from Other Faculties, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Khalifa Amar Fathi Mohamed , AlKhudairy Yasser Nabil , Algahtani Adel Ahmed , Abduljabbar Bandar Mohammed , Aldawsari Fahad Majed , Kharsa Faisal Hunaidi , AlSafadi Khalid Mohammed , Mahjoub Mazen Abdulla , AlAli Naif Suliaman , AlAdwanie Rakan Abdulrahman , Abduljabbar Salah Adel , Alrouh Sameh Moetaz , Salim Shaikh Shaheer 
Published: July 2021

Background: Over-the-counter-drugs (OTC) are drugs that can be obtained by patients without a prescription from a physician. In Saudi Arabia, it has been reported that more than half of university students practiced self-medication and used OTC drugs.
Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study, among medical and non-medical students in Riyadh. The sample size was 421, by systemic random sampling. A pre-coded pre-tested online questionnaire was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS V 23. P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: There was no significant relationship between what the participants were majoring in and the usage of OTC drugs (p value= 0.373). Gender also had no relation with the use of OTC (p value= 0.168). Panadol appeared as the most commonly used OTC drug 62.9% for the relief of the most commonly mentioned factor which is headache 50.12%.
Conclusion: Medical education didn’t have much of an effect on the use of OTC drugs. Moreover, professional guidance or advice was not considered most of the time for taking OTC, but the majority of respondents portrayed good behavior towards usage of OTC.
Retrospective Monocentric Study on Career Preferred by Ayurveda Alumni
Authors: Chaple Jagruti , Rajput Dhirajsingh S. 
Published: July 2021

Background: Alumni studies are considered valuable as such works are done to assess the outcomes of efforts made by faculties of relevant organization and its actual effect in professional life. These studies serve as source of information to increase the effectiveness of related organization and thereby students quality of education.
Aim and Objective: The study was centered on exploring the quality and impact of teaching-learning modalities on career proffered by alumni.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective monocentric cohort study was conducted at Mahatma Gandhi Ayurved College, Hospital and Research Centre (MGACHRC), Salod (H), Wardha (Maharashtra) from 2007 batch to 2012 BAMS (Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery) batch which include total 281 Alumni who has completed BAMS course from MGACHRC. The survey was done by using a questionnaire and responses were collected via receiving filled questionnaire via email or filling the questionnaire through telephonic communication with alumni. Results: The survey study reveled that after completing graduation from MGACHRC, the career chosen by alumni of 2007 to 2013 batches include post graduation (PG), working as faculty in other institute, established general clinical practice (GP), joined as medical officer in government or private hospitals (Govt. MO, Private MO) and engaged in other activities such as business, profession other than medical services, become research researcher etc and the percentages of alumni in aforementioned career are 43.42, 8.54, 21.00, 9.96, 12.10 and 4.98 respectively. Higher proportion of females is noted in all batches and most of the alumni gave preference for post graduation followed by clinical practice and occupation as medical officer either in government of private hospitals.
Conclusion: The study represents that obtaining specialization is not possible by completing BAMS and hence post graduation is first preference. However the all careers chosen by alumni of MGACHRC are satisfactory and thus indicate well teaching-learning methods.
A cell surface‐reducing microenvironment induces early osteogenic commitment
Authors: Kim Hyunbum , Lee Eun‐Seo , Kim Jiyong , Kim Hwan Drew , Hwang Nathaniel S. 
Published: July 2021

Stem cell‐based therapy has been highlighted as a potential avenue to promote tissue regeneration, where stimulation of stem cells to differentiate into the targeted cell type is essential. One of the factors that induce stem cells to differentiate is their surrounding microenvironment. In this study, the correlation between mild reductant and early osteogenic commitment was evaluated. A cell surface‐reducing microenvironment significantly silenced the transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β signaling pathway of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), followed by increased focal adhesion and inhibition of cell membrane protein dimerization. Furthermore, in vivo transplantation of MSCs exposed to the reducing microenvironment resulted in an early osteogenic commitment and neobone formation. Thus, these results highlight the potential of cell surface‐reducing microenvironment to influence early osteogenic commitment.