bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses’ Knowledge Regarding Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Al-Tameemi Adil Atiyah Mohammed 
Published: January 2025

Background: The most effective treatment for gallstones is laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to the many benefits of open surgery, including fewer incisions, shorter hospital stays, the elimination of the need for a stomach tube and drainage tube, fewer analgesics, and fewer problems. Objectives: To identify nurses’ knowledge regarding laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: A descriptive investigation was conducted between September 15, 2022, and July 20, 2023. The Al-Sader Teaching Hospital and the Basrah Teaching Hospital in Basrah City are the sites of the investigation. A deliberate non-probability sample of surgical ward nurses was chosen. Two hundred nurses make up the sample. A panel of specialists assessed the questionnaire's validity, and a pilot study proved its dependability. Data was gathered using the questionnaire, and the findings were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: According to the table's findings, the majority of nurses (76%) have little understanding of cholecystectomy, 20% have medium knowledge, and 4% have strong knowledge, with a mean score and standard level deviation of 1.59+0.709. Conclusion: This study concluded, most of the study sample have low knowledge about cholecystectomy.
Highlights:

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy offers advantages over open surgery
Assess nurses' knowledge on laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Most nurses have low knowledge about cholecystectomy.

Keywords: Nurses, Knowledge, Laparoscopic, Cholecystectomy
Comparative Study of the Efficiency of Plant Extracts (Azadirachta Indica & Melia Azedarach) as a Natural Alternative to Kill Musca Domestica
Authors: Khaled Shifaa Waleed 
Published: January 2025

This study represents a comprehensive comparison between the efficiency of extracts of (Azadirachta indica) and (Melia azedarach), which is considered a natural alternative to combating Musca domestica. These experiments were conducted using different concentrations (5%, 10%, and 20%) of the extracts. Plant on equal groups of insects, with mortality measured over a 6-hour period. Which led to the results showing that the extract of Azadirachta indica was more efficient in killing Musca domesticaat different concentrations, especially at a concentration of 20%, where the killing rate reached 86.67%, compared to the extract of Melia azedarach, which had a killing rate of 73.33% at a concentration of 20%. At a concentration of 5%, the efficiency of the two extracts was approximately equal (46.67%), while it increased in the extract of Azadirachta indica at concentrations of 10% and 20%, reaching Its kill rate is 66.67% and 86.67%, respectively, compared of Melia azedarach plant, which has a kill rate of 60.00% and 73.33%. This shows that seeds of Azadirachta indica plant have a faster and more effective effect compared to Melia azedarach seeds, especially at high concentrations. According to these findings, Azadirachta indica seed extract can be regarded as a natural remedy for Musca domesticaat, reducing the related health and financial harm, with the potential for In situations where low or medium quantities are needed, Melia azedarach seed extract is a useful substitute.
Highlights:

Azadirachta indica is more effective than Melia azedarach in killing Musca domestica.
High concentration (20%) increases efficiency; Azadirachta indica achieves 86.67% mortality.
Melia azedarach serves as a substitute for low-medium concentration use.

Keywords: Azadirachta indica , Melia azedarach, Musca domestica, Plant extracts
Strategic Thinking's Relationship to Strategic Capabilities
Authors: Obaid Anam Hussain Radi , Hamza Roqaya Kazem ‏ 
Published: January 2025

This article examines the application of strategic thinking in the process of organizational strategic management, it comprises the formation and implementation of unique insights and opportunities. It, therefore, creates a competitive advantage for a company or institution. Through key figures to effect positive change for the organization's future, strategic thinking can be accomplished individually or in collaboration. Strategic capabilities are those abilities that distinguish the organization from others to generate and maintain resources, use modern management techniques, and generate technical knowledge to create added value for stakeholders.Strategic thinking is considered its dimensions are (strategic vision, strategic creativity, strategic mind) of dependent variable is strategic capabilities, while its (technological capabilities, administrative capabilities, creative capabilities). It is concluded from the variables that the independent variable is strategic thinking, which has an impact on the dependent variable, which is strategic capabilities. The research sample was represented by a group of individuals working in the Babylon Health Department. The questionnaire was presented to a selected group of (123) employees working in the department. Through several statistical methods, the research reached several results, including that both the independent variable strategic thinking and the dependent variable strategic capabilities are related to each other in a correlation relationship. And that strategic thinking has a direct impact on strategic capabilities
Hightlights:

Strategic Thinking: Enhances insights, collaboration, and competitive advantage creation.
Strategic Capabilities: Focus on resources, management, and knowledge for stakeholder value.
Findings: Strategic thinking directly impacts strategic capabilities in organizations.

Keywords: Strategic thinking, strategic capabilities
Innovation in Strategies for Faculty Development and Career Advancement
Authors: Nashrullah Mochamad , Qausya  , Nursalim Mochamad , Budiyanto  , Lestari Gunarti Dwi 
Published: January 2025

The Minister of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology's Decree Number 384/P/2024 serves as a strategic foundation in the management of functional lecturer positions to support the tridharma of higher education. This policy responds to the need for aligning national regulations by utilizing technology, such as the Integrated Resource Information System (SISTER), to ensure transparency and accountability. Through an ontological, epistemological, and axiological philosophical approach, this policy emphasizes the importance of the presence of lecturers as agents of change, the validity of data-based assessments, and their benefits for institutions and society. Innovative strategies such as competency needs mapping, mentoring, and reward and punishment techniques are integrated to enhance the performance and professionalism of lecturers. With the five-stage Rogers adoption evaluation framework, this policy is designed to ensure adaptive and evidence-based implementation. Overall, this policy provides a new direction in the transformation of higher education in Indonesia, supports the sustainable development of lecturers, and holistically improves the quality of the academic ecosystem.
Highlights:

Emphasizes data-driven assessments to ensure transparency and accountability.
Integrates competency mapping, mentoring, and rewards to boost professionalism.
Adopts a five-stage framework for evidence-based and adaptive implementation.

Keywords: functional position of lecturers; SISTER; reward and punishment; evaluation; higher education
GREEN CHEMISTRY IN ACTION: DEVELOPING AND IMPLEMENTING A BIODEGRADABLE MATERIAL EXPERIMENT IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL SETTINGS
Authors: Sholahudin Nabila Putri , Riandi Riandi , Prima Eka Cahya 
Published: January 2025

Teaching senior high school students green chemistry can contribute to future scientists and professionals who are responsible for safer, less hazardous chemistry. Plastic, known for its durability, affordability, and lightweight properties, is integral to daily life across industries, including housing, healthcare, fashion, sports, and transportation. However, the plastic industry poses significant economic and environmental challenges, raising concerns about its sustainability. To address these issues, this research focuses on the transformation of orange peel waste into a fine powder to develop a biobased, biodegradable plastic. The study conducted a soil burial test over a continuous 14-day period, revealing that an increased quantity of orange peel powder positively influenced the biodegradability of the bioplastic. Enhanced biodegradation was observed with higher concentrations of orange peel. The implementation of bioplastic experiments in the classroom received positive feedback from students, as evidenced by high ratings across various statements. Overall, the findings suggest that the experiments were not only engaging but also effective in shaping students' perspectives on plastic and science.
Completeness of Digital Accessible Knowledge of plants across Africa and priorities for future data discovery
Authors: GANGLO Jean Cossi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Digital Accessible Knowledge (DAK) is of utmost importance for biodiversity conservation. The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF, www.gbif.org) is a mega data infrastructure with more than two billion and two hundred million occurrence records as of 17 January 2023. It is by far the largest initiative assembling and sharing DAK to support scientific research, conservation, and sustainable development. We decided to analyze plant data published at the GBIF site at the scale of Africa to highlight the contribution of the continent to the GBIF and thereby underline data quality issues and data gaps across taxonomic groups and geographic space. We therefore downloaded data on 17th January 2023 from the Plantae kingdom from Africa. They are available at https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.p2n6um. We achieved data treatment and analysis using R, several packages and related functions. Although Africa is home to rich biodiversity with many hotspots, the global data contribution of the continent to the GBIF (61,176,994 as of 17th January 2023) is still incredibly low (2.69%). Furthermore, there are large disparities between African countries, with South Africa contributing alone far more than 50% of the data of the continent. The plant data of Africa (9,116,401 occurrence records) accounted for 14.90% of the data of the continent; this underlines huge gaps between taxonomic groups. We noted important data loss during the process of data cleaning clearly underlining limited data quality from the continent; indeed, the data fitness for purpose in completeness analysis were only 50.94% of the total data records initially downloaded. Efforts for quality check before data publication on GBIF site are still needed across African countries. The Magnoliopsida was the dominant plant class with the highest number of records (71.07%) and the highest number of species (68.36%), followed by Liliopsida, with 22.80% of the records and 19.06% of the species. In geographic space, plant data gaps are also quite large across the continent; data completeness is more achieved in West Africa, Southern Africa, East Africa, and Madagascar. Accessibility by roads and large protected areas (> 10,000 Km²) are limiting factors for data completeness across the continent. The large multidimensional data gaps identified in this study and the important data loss noted during data cleaning process should be in priority addressed in future data collections across the continent.
A shared alarmone-GTP switch underlies triggered and spontaneous persistence
Authors: Wang Jue , Fung Danny , Barra Jessica , Schroeder Jeremy , Yang Jin , She Fukang , Young Megan , Amador-Noguez Daniel , Ying David 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Persisters describe phenotypically switched cells refractory to antibiotic killing in a genetically susceptible population, while preserving the ability to resume growth when antibiotics are discontinued1,2. Since its proposal 70 years ago, great strides were made to build the framework regarding persistence, including defining triggered, spontaneous and antibiotic-induced persisters. However, challenges remain in characterizing the molecular determinants underlying the phenotypic switch into persistence3. Here we document triggered, spontaneous and antibiotic-induced persistence in a Gram-positive bacterium, all through a common switch involving the alarmone (p)ppGpp and each stemming from a different alarmone synthesis pathway. Starvation-triggered persistence is mediated by Rel synthetase, and spontaneous persistence is through self-amplification via allosteric enzyme activation of alarmone synthetases Rel and SasB, whereas lethal and sublethal concentrations of cell wall antibiotics induce alarmones through an antibiotic-induced alarmone synthetase SasA, consequently enabling adaptive persistence that promotes survival. (p)ppGpp accumulation promotes persistence by depleting intracellular GTP and antagonizing its action. We developed a fluorescent GTP reporter to visualize rare events of persister formation in wild type bacteria, revealing a rapid switch from growth to dormancy in single cells as their GTP levels drop beneath a threshold. While a modest drop of GTP in bulk population slows down growth and promotes antibiotic tolerance, (p)ppGpp drives persistence by allowing the switch-like dynamics to drop GTP beneath the persister threshold in single cells. Persistence through alarmone-GTP antagonism is likely a widespread mechanism to survive antibiotics in Gram positive bacteria and possibly beyond.
Biomechanical comparison of a hybrid fixation technique with traditional methods for distal humeral shaft fractures: a finite element analysis
Authors: Fu Gang , Wang Shen’ao , Wu Weiqiang , Huang Xiayu , Jin Binbin , Lin Fengfei , Li Renbin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Distal humeral shaft fractures pose significant challenges in orthopedic surgery due to their complex anatomy and biomechanical demands. Traditional fixation methods, such as posterolateral locked plating and double reconstruction plating, have limitations, including radial nerve injury risk and insufficient stability.
Purpose
This study evaluates the biomechanical performance of a hybrid technique combining an intramedullary nail (IMN) with a reconstruction plate (RP) for managing distal humeral shaft fractures.
Methods
Finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted to compare the biomechanical properties of IMN + RP, posterolateral locked plating, and double reconstruction plating under axial compression, torsional loading, and bending forces. Key outcomes included displacement, stress distribution, and overall stability.
Results
The IMN + RP technique demonstrated superior biomechanical performance, achieving lower displacement and more balanced stress distribution across all loading conditions. It outperformed traditional methods in minimizing stress concentrations and maintaining fixation stability.
Conclusion
This study highlights the biomechanical superiority of the IMN + RP technique, providing robust evidence for its application in managing distal humeral shaft fractures. These findings contribute to the understanding of hybrid fixation strategies and support further clinical and experimental validation.
mKmer: An unbiased K-mer embedding of microbiomic single-microbe RNA sequencing data
Authors: Mo Fangyu , Qian Qinghong , Lu Xiaolin , Zheng Dihuai , Cai Wenjie , Yao Jie , Chen Hongyu , Huang Yujie , Zhang Xiang , Wu Sanling , Shen Yifei , Bai Yingqi , Wang Yongcheng , Jiang Weiqin , Fan Longjiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The advanced single-microbe RNA sequencing (smRNA-seq) technique addresses the pressing need to understand the complexity and diversity of microbial communities, as well as the distinct microbial states defined by different gene expression profiles. Current analyses of smRNA-seq data heavily rely on the integrity of reference genomes within the queried microbiota. However, establishing a comprehensive collection of microbial reference genomes or gene sets remains a significant challenge for most real-world microbial ecosystems. Here, we developed an unbiased embedding algorithm utilizing K-mer signatures, named mKmer, which bypasses gene or genome alignment to enable species identification for individual microbes and downstream functional enrichment analysis. By substituting gene features in the canonical cell-by-gene matrix with highly conserved K-mers, we demonstrate that mKmer outperforms gene-based methods in clustering and motif inference tasks using benchmark datasets from crop soil and human gut microbiomes. Our method provides a reference genome-free analytical framework for advancing smRNA-seq studies.
Arsenic in pyrite acts as a catalyst for dissolution-reprecipitation reaction and gold remobilization
Authors: Sugiono Dennis , Martin Laure , Thébaud Nicolas , Fougerouse Denis , LaFlamme Crystal K. , Fiorentini Marco , Petrella Laura , Guagliardo Paul , Reddy Steve , Hu Si-Yu , Suvorova Alexandra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In orogenic systems, pyrite hosts both free-native and lattice-bound gold. The processes governing gold habit, however, remain uncertain and subject to widespread debate. In this study, we employ micro-to-nanoscale trace element mapping alongside crystallographic characterization of gold-rich pyrite from the Kanowna Belle deposit (Western Australia) to probe the mechanisms influencing gold precipitation. Our examination reveals a complex chemical zoning in mineralized pyrite samples, characterized by an As-depleted core (As ≤2.5 wt%; Au ≤149 ppm) and rim (As ≤2.5 wt%; Au ≤264 ppm), separated by an As-Au-rich banded mantle (As ≤4.5 wt%; Au ≤2251 ppm). Pyrite structure in the mantle domain shows that low-angle boundaries mostly follow the shape of As-rich oscillatory zones. Gold in the pyrite mantle domain occurs as: (1) lattice-bound Au associated with As-rich oscillatory zoning; (2) gold micro-inclusions formed in equilibrium with arsenopyrite inclusions hosted within convoluted As-depleted pyrite domain; and (3) Au-filled late-stage fractures that crosscut the pyrite mantle. The shift in pyrite chemical composition from Au- and As-poor pyrite cores to Au- and As-rich mantles suggests that lattice-bound Au may have been integrated into As-rich zones via chemisorption during rapidly changing fluid conditions. Conversely, we propose that the gold inclusions hosted within the As-depleted convoluted domain form through a coupled dissolution re-precipitation process driven by fluid infiltration along low-angle boundaries. This study underscores the significance of linking arsenic distribution and crystallographic characteristics to comprehensively understand the controls on both gold form and distribution in gold deposits.
Transparência das prestações de contas eleitorais nos municípios amazonenses
Authors: Silva Gabriele Assunção da , Peixoto Aline Gomes 
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: O objetivo geral do artigo consiste em analisar se as prestações de contas eleitorais dos candidatos a prefeito, durante as eleições municipais amazonenses de 2020, promoveram a transparência no financiamento de campanhas e comparar o financiamento com a reeleição na disputa eleitoral.
Metodologia: Utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo para estabelecer as categorias e subcategorias de transparência presentes na legislação eleitoral e análise documental das prestações de contas.
Resultados: Entre as dimensões de transparência analisadas, a compliance foi predominante, seguido por disclosure e accountability. No entanto, a análise das prestações de contas dos candidatos a prefeito no Amazonas revelou falhas significativas, como a ausência de informações obrigatórias, especialmente entre os candidatos menos votados. Quanto às fontes de financiamento das campanhas, o Fundo Especial foi a principal fonte de receita, com gastos majoritários direcionados para propagandas e publicidade. A análise das prestações de contas dos candidatos vencedores e segundos colocados revelou disparidades na integridade das informações, especialmente entre os candidatos reeleitos.
Contribuição do Estudo: No âmbito acadêmico, este artigo busca fortalecer a literatura sobre o tema e contribuir com o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que possam auxiliar a compreensão sobre as prestações de contas eleitorais e suas relações com a transparência e controle social. Além disso, a contribuição social da pesquisa está na evidenciação de insights para a sociedade entender e monitorar a utilização dos recursos públicos nessas atividades políticas.
Analysis of provisions and contingent liabilities in companies listed on B3
Authors: Espindula Gabriella Janete , Souza Maíra Melo de 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Analyze the level of mandatory and voluntary disclosure of provisions and contingent liabilities in Brazilian publicly traded companies.
Methodology: A sample of 406 companies listed on B3 was observed. To analyze the level of mandatory and voluntary disclosure, two checklists were created based on the determinations of accounting pronouncement CPC 25.
Results: The most recurrent types of provisions and possible and remote contingent liabilities existing in the companies in the sample were, respectively: labor, civil and tax. The sectors with the highest levels of provision disclosure were: Public Utilities, Health and Information Technology. In relation to Possible Contingent Liabilities, the highest levels of disclosure of companies that made a profit were observed in the Health, Public Utilities and Non-Cyclical Consumption sectors. Regarding voluntary disclosure, the Public Utility and Cyclical Consumption sectors presented a higher average of disclosure and a higher average of expressiveness, which may represent possible tendencies of these sectors to disclose their remote contingencies.
Contributions of the Study: The research contributes to the literature by demonstrating how Brazilian public companies are dealing with the disclosure of their provisions and contingent liabilities, addressing mandatory and voluntary disclosure in these situations, which are relevant because they have a high potential impact on the results of the year, if they are not disclosed, it is expected to pose risks to investors and other external users of the company.
The fraud taxonomy in financial reports in the brazilian stock market
Authors: Olokodana Noel Kentinus , Gonçalves Rodrigo de Souza , Nascimento Monize Ramos do 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To explore the types of fraud in financial reports that occur in publicly traded Brazilian companies.
Methodology: The Sanctioning Proceedings (Processos Administrativos Sancionadores - PAS) of the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (Comissão de Valores Mobiliário - CVM) were analyzed and a taxonomy of frauds was developed.
Results: The following taxonomy is suggested: overestimation of assets, transactions with related parties, diversion of funds to offshore entities, overestimation of loss of asset value (impairment), overestimation of revenue, fictitious revenues, underestimation of expenses.
Contributions of the Study: The study brings to the attention of academics, regulators, investors, and companies the types of frauds committed. Knowledge of the taxonomy of frauds draws the attention of regulators to preventatively seek out these types of frauds in the financial reports disclosed. Discussions on the taxonomy of frauds in financial reports bring to the attention of academics and professionals (accountants, auditors and administrators) the forms that distortions of accounting information can take. For auditors (internal or external) and internal control professionals, the taxonomy of frauds in financial reports allows preventive action to avoid or limit the occurrence of these frauds. The lack of the usual types of frauds in the Brazilian market was found. This research seeks to contribute by exploring the types of frauds in financial reports that occur in publicly traded Brazilian companies.