bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed neutralizing antibody response in the acute phase correlates with severe progression of COVID-19
Authors: Kawasuji Hitoshi , Morinaga Yoshitomo , Tani Hideki , Kimura Miyuki , Yamada Hiroshi , Yoshida Yoshihiro , Takegoshi Yusuke , Kaneda Makito , Murai Yushi , Kimoto Kou , Ueno Akitoshi , Miyajima Yuki , Kawago Koyomi , Fukui Yasutaka , Sakamaki Ippei , Yamamoto Yoshihiro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAdaptive immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dynamics remain largely unknown. The neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are helpful for understanding the pathology. Using SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus, serum sample neutralization values in symptomatic COVID-19 patients were measured using the chemiluminescence reduction neutralization test (CRNT). At least two sequential serum samples collected during hospitalization were analyzed to assess NAbs neutralizing activity dynamics at different time points. Of the 11 patients, four (36.4%), six (54.5%), and one (9.1%) had moderate, severe, and critical disease, respectively. Fifty percent neutralization (N50%-CRNT) was observed upon admission in 90.9% (10/11); all patients acquired neutralizing activity 2–12 days after onset. In patients with moderate disease, neutralization was observed at earliest within two days after symptom onset. In patients with severe-to-critical disease, neutralization activity increased, plateauing 9–16 days after onset. Neutralization activity on admission was significantly higher in patients with moderate disease than in patients with severe-to-critical disease (relative % of infectivity, 6.4% vs. 41.1%; P = .011). Neutralization activity on admission inversely correlated with disease severity. The rapid NAb response may play a crucial role in preventing the progression of COVID-19.
Fabrication of attapulgite/magnetic aminated chitosan composite as efficient and reusable adsorbent for Cr (VI) ions
Authors: Eltaweil Abdelazeem S. , El-Monaem Eman M. Abd , Mohy-Eldin Mohamed S. , Omer Ahmed M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAn efficient composite was constructed based on aminated chitosan (NH2Cs), attapulgite (ATP) clay and magnetic Fe3O4 for adsorptive removal of Cr(VI) ions. The as-fabricated ATP@Fe3O4-NH2Cs composite was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Zeta potential (ZP), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method (BET) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS). A significant improve in the adsorption profile was established at pH 2 in the order of ATP@Fe3O4-NH2Cs(1:3) > ATP@Fe3O4-NH2Cs(1:1) > ATP@Fe3O4-NH2Cs(3:1) > Fe3O4-NH2Cs > ATP. The maximum removal (%) of Cr(VI) exceeded 94% within a short equilibrium time of 60 min. The adsorption process obeyed the pseudo 2nd order and followed the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 294.12 mg/g. In addition, thermodynamics studies elucidated that the adsorption process was spontaneous, randomness and endothermic process. Interestingly, the developed adsorbent retained respectable adsorption properties with acceptable removal efficiency exceeded 58% after ten sequential cycles of reuse. Besides, the results hypothesize that the adsorption process occurs via electrostatic interactions, reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and ion-exchanging. These findings substantiate that the ATP@Fe3O4-NH2Cs composite could be effectively applied as a reusable adsorbent for removing of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solutions.
Research on the stability evaluation method of anchored slopes based on group decision making and matter element analysis
Authors: Xia Peng , Ying Chunye 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis research is focused on the evaluation method of anchored slope stability, and an accurate evaluation method with a simple operation is proposed. Group decision theory and the analytic hierarchy process are used to determine the weight of each evaluation element, the correlation degree of each indicator is determined based on matter element analysis theory, and inverse hierarchical calculations are performed based on the obtained weight value and correlation degree to finally obtain the criteria layer correlation degree used for stability evaluation. The results show the following: (1) the evaluation method better integrates the effects of multiple factors on the stability of the anchored slope, and the evaluation results are accurate and consistent with the actual situation of the project; (2) the evaluation method can make full use of the experience of the expert group and effectively avoid the evaluation error caused by the subjective deviation of a single expert; (3) the group decision theory-entropy model was introduced to realize the quantitative evaluation of the reliability of expert scoring and effectively improve the efficiency of expert discussion; and (4) the evaluation result is intuitive, and the correlation degree obtained can not only reflect the stability grade of the anchored slope but also reflect the "distance" between the anchored slope and other stability grades.
Multivariable modelling of factors associated with criminal convictions among people experiencing homelessness and serious mental illness: a multi-year study
Authors: Parpouchi Milad , Moniruzzaman Akm , Buxton Jane A. , Somers Julian M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPeople experiencing homelessness and serious mental illness exhibit high rates of criminal justice system involvement. Researchers have debated the causes of such involvement among people experiencing serious mental illness, including what services to prioritize. Some, for example, have emphasized mental illness while others have emphasized poverty. We examined factors associated with criminal convictions among people experiencing homelessness and serious mental illness recruited to the Vancouver At Home study. Participants were recruited between October 2009 and June 2011. Comprehensive administrative data were examined over the five-year period preceding study baseline to identify risk and protective factors associated with criminal convictions among participants (n = 425). Eight variables were independently associated with criminal convictions, some of which included drug dependence (RR = 1.53; P = 0.009), psychiatric hospitalization (RR = 1.44; P = 0.030), an irregular frequency of social assistance payments (compared to regular payments; 1.75; P < 0.001), and prior conviction (RR = 3.56; P < 0.001). Collectively, findings of the present study implicate poverty, social marginalization, crises involving mental illness, and the need for long-term recovery-oriented services that address these conditions to reduce criminal convictions among people experiencing homelessness and serious mental illness.
Nonideal resistive and synaptic characteristics in Ag/ZnO/TiN device for neuromorphic system
Authors: Park Jongmin , Ryu Hojeong , Kim Sungjun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIdeal resistive switching in resistive random-access memory (RRAM) should be ensured for synaptic devices in neuromorphic systems. We used an Ag/ZnO/TiN RRAM structure to investigate the effects of nonideal resistive switching, such as an unstable high-resistance state (HRS), negative set (N-set), and temporal disconnection, during the set process and the conductance saturation feature for synaptic applications. The device shows an I–V curve based on the positive set in the bipolar resistive switching mode. In 1000 endurance tests, we investigated the changes in the HRS, which displays large fluctuations compared with the stable low-resistance state, and the negative effect on the performance of the device resulting from such an instability. The impact of the N-set, which originates from the negative voltage on the top electrode, was studied through the process of intentional N-set through the repetition of 10 ON/OFF cycles. The Ag/ZnO/TiN device showed saturation characteristics in conductance modulation according to the magnitude of the applied pulse. Therefore, potentiation or depression was performed via consecutive pulses with diverse amplitudes. We also studied the spontaneous conductance decay in the saturation feature required to emulate short-term plasticity.
Possible correlation between increased serum free carnitine levels and increased skeletal muscle mass following HCV eradication by direct acting antivirals
Authors: Tokuchi Yoshimasa , Suda Goki , Kimura Megumi , Maehara Osamu , Kitagataya Takashi , Kubo Akinori , Yoshida Sonoe , Fu Qingjie , Yang Zijian , Hosoda Shunichi , Ohara Masatsugu , Yamada Ren , Suzuki Kazuharu , Kawagishi Naoki , Nakai Masato , Sho Takuya , Natsuizaka Mitsuteru , Morikawa Kenichi , Ogawa Koji , Ohnishi Shunsuke , Sakamoto Naoya 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate factors associated with changes in skeletal muscle mass in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients after treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Consecutive HCV-infected patients after treatment with DAA were recruited into the study. Patients who achieved sustained virological response (SVR); and had complete clinical information, preserved serum samples at baseline and SVR48, and skeletal muscle mass evaluations based on the psoas muscle mass index (PMI) on computed tomography at baseline and ≥ 12 months were included. Altogether, 70.7% of patients (41/58) showed increased PMI after DAA therapy, and mean relative PMI was significantly higher after DAA therapy than at baseline. There were no significant associations between baseline clinical factors routinely examined in clinical practice and increased PMI. Among factors reported to be associated with skeletal muscle loss in patients with chronic liver disease, serum zinc levels and total and free carnitine levels increased significantly after DAA therapy and only changes in serum free carnitine levels were significantly associated with an increased PMI (r = 0305, P = 0.020). In conclusion, increased skeletal muscle mass after successful HCV eradication by DAAs was significantly associated with increased serum-free carnitine levels. l-carnitine supplementation may be beneficial in patients with low skeletal muscle mass after DAA.
Fe3O4 nanoplates anchored on Ti3C2Tx MXene with enhanced pseudocapacitive and electrocatalytic properties
Authors: Zhang Lu , Wang Zhuo , Chen Wenxiao , Yuan Ruiwen , Zhan Ke , Zhu Min , Yang Junhe , Zhao Bin 
Published: August 2021

Fe3O4 nanosheets were anchored on Ti3C2Tx surfaces by an in situ growth method. Outstanding properties of the Ti3C2Tx–Fe3O4 composite were ascribed to the unique structure and more exposure of active sites.
A bias circuit for the thermal stability of GaAs HBT power amplifier
Authors: Ma Yuanbo , Wu Zhaohui , Li Bin , Chen Zhijian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis letter proposes a current bias circuit that improves the thermal stability of the 5G power amplifier (PA) in the GaAs HBT process. A diode and resistor scheme combined with a diode‐connected HBTs scheme are employed to generate temperature‐related voltages of which the temperature coefficients (TC) are inversely proportional to the sizes of devices. Those multi‐TC voltages are able to compensate for the equal‐but‐opposite TC of HBTs in the current mirrors so as to generate different zero‐to‐absolute‐temperature (ZTAT) currents at the same time. The experimental results show that the TC of the proposed bias circuit has 4% error for a 5.5 V supply from –5 to 95°C. Compared with the traditional bias circuit, the variation of output power of the proposed bias circuit is reduced from 11% to 8% and the variation of PAE is reduced from 7% to 5%. The proposed bias circuit, which has no requirement for matching, can perform effective temperature compensation for PAs in the single‐transistor GaAs HBT process.
Grid‐supportive electric vehicle charging methodology with energy management for coordinated frequency control
Authors: Shim Jae Woong , Verbič Gregor , Hur Kyeon 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G) operation methodology of electric vehicles (EVs) for frequency regulation, EV charging, and state‐of‐charge (SOC) management. This V2G operation methodology exhibits multifunctionality in regard to instantaneous power adjustment of EVs for primary frequency control during charging. The proposed method can stabilize grid frequency under the high penetration of renewable energy by simultaneously managing the desired state‐of‐charge (SOC) of the batteries. The results indicate that both charging and charged EVs can assist in frequency regulation so that V2G services can help embracing renewable energy sources and stabilize a power system. The feasibility of this method is verified by a practical power grid model to demonstrate the efficacy of EV charging control for SOC management using DIgSILENT/PowerFactory.
Study on stability and scalability of vehicular platoon with a bidirectional ring interconnection
Authors: Zhang Junying , Ma Xindi , Wang Yong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper studies the stability and scalability of the platoon where multiple vehicles move in a closed roadway and are coupled in a bidirectional ring. Each vehicle regulates its longitudinal motion based on bidirectional asymmetric control with triple asymmetry factors. By exploiting Hermite stability criterion, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions of stability for the ‐vehicle platoon. Based on parametric robustness analysis, necessary and sufficient conditions of scalably asymptotic stability are further obtained, meaning that the stability is independent of the number of vehicles in the platoon. It is proved that symmetric spacing feedback is necessary for scalably asymptotic stability and the first spatial mode is the least stable among all the non‐zero modes. Numerical computations show that the stability region in the space of feedback gains is favourable when the asymmetry level on speed gain is small and the asymmetry level on acceleration gain is large, whereas it may deteriorate rapidly when these two asymmetry factors have different signs.
Optimal selection and adaptability analysis of matching area for terrain aided navigation
Authors: Chen Rui , Zhang Qieqie , Zhao Long 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe existing terrain aided navigation (TAN) has the disadvantage that the navigation performance is limited by the size of matching area and terrain features. Therefore, this study proposes a method of optimal selection and adaptability analysis of matching area for TAN. According to the heading angle of the carrier, inertial navigation system positioning error and performance index, the optimal matching area is selected in real time. First, the matching area selection and adaptability analysis are carried out, and the influence of the matching area on the positioning performance is analysed by using the Beijing Internal TAN II algorithm. Then, the model parameters of the optimal matching area are determined through theoretical calculation and simulation. Finally, it is compared with the typical matching area selecting method. The test results show that the optimal selection and adaptability analysis method can improve the computational efficiency of TAN system, and improve the positioning accuracy of TAN system.
Electric drives as fog nodes in a fog computing‐based industrial use case
Authors: Barzegaran Mohammadreza , Desai Nitin , Qian Jia , Pop Paul 
Published: August 2021

AbstractElectric drives, which are a main component in industrial applications, control electric motors and record vital information about their respective industrial processes. The development of electric drives as Fog nodes within a fog computing platform (FCP) leads to new abilities such as programmability, analytics, and connectivity, increasing their value. In this study, the FORA FCP reference architecture is used to implement electric drives as Fog nodes, which is called “fogification”. The fogified drive architecture and its components are designed using Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL). The design process was driven by the high‐level requirements that the authors elicited. Both the fogified drive architecture and the current drive architecture are used to implement a self baggage drop system in which electric drives are the key components. The fog‐based design was then evaluated using several key performance indicators (KPIs), which reveal its advantages over the current drive architecture. The evaluation results show that safety‐related isolation is enabled with only 9% overhead on the total Fog node utilization, control applications are virtualized with zero input–output jitter, the hardware cost is reduced by 44%, and machine learning at the edge is performed without interrupting the main drive functionalities and with an average 85% accuracy. The conclusion is that the fog‐based design can successfully implement the required electric drive functionalities and can also enable innovative uses needed for realizing the vision of Industry 4.0.
The first simultaneous X-ray broadband view of Mrk 110 with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR
Authors: Porquet D. , Reeves J. N. , Grosso N. , Braito V. , Lobban A. 
Published: August 2021

Context. Soft and hard X-ray excesses, compared to the continuum power-law shape between ∼2−10 keV, are common features observed in the spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and are associated with the accretion disc-corona system around the supermassive black hole. However, the dominant process at work is still highly debated and has been proposed to be either relativistic reflection or Comptonisation. Such an investigation can be problematic for AGN that have significant intrinsic absorption, either cold or warm, which can severely distort the observed continuum. Therefore, AGN with no (or very weak) intrinsic absorption along the line-of-sight, called bare AGN, are the best targets for directly probing disc-corona systems.
Aims. We aim to characterise the main X-ray spectral physical components from the bright bare broad-line Seyfert 1 AGN Mrk 110, as well as the physical process(es) at work in its disc-corona system viewed almost face-on.
Methods. We perform the X-ray broadband spectral analysis thanks to two simultaneous XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations performed on November 16−17, 2019, and April 5−6, 2020. We also use a deep NuSTAR observation obtained in January 2017 for the spectral analysis above 3 keV.
Results. The broadband X-ray spectra of Mrk 110 are characterised by the presence of a prominent and absorption-free smooth soft X-ray excess, moderately broad O VII and Fe Kα emission lines, and a lack of a strong Compton hump. The continuum above ∼3 keV is very similar at both epochs, while some variability (stronger when brighter) is present for the soft X-ray excess. A combination of soft and hard Comptonisation by a warm and hot corona, respectively, plus mildly relativistic disc reflection reproduce the broadband X-ray continuum very well. The inferred warm corona temperature, kTwarm ∼ 0.3 keV, is similar to the values found in other sub-Eddington AGN, whereas the hot corona temperature, kThot ∼ 21−31 keV (depending mainly on the assumed hot corona geometry), is found to be in the lower range of the values measured in AGN.
Comparison of three suture-bridge techniques for large or massive rotator cuff tear with delamination
Authors: Okubo Atsushi , Yotsumoto Tadahiko , Watanabe Nobuyoshi , Kajikawa Teruyoshi , Nakajima Shun , Oshima Yasushi , Iizawa Norishige , Majima Tokifumi 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Rotator cuff tear with delamination is considered a risk factor for postoperative retear. The purpose of this study was to compare clinical outcomes between three repair procedures for large or massive rotator cuff tears with delamination: conventional en masse suture bridge (EMSB), double-layer suture bridge (DLSB), and the combination of DLSB with modified Debyere-Patte (DLSB + DP). Methods: 53 shoulders of 52 patients who had massive rotator cuff tears with delamination were categorized into three groups: EMSB (18 shoulders), DLSB (24 shoulders), and DLSB + DP (11 shoulders). The mean postoperative follow-up period was 34.6 months. Pre- and postoperative evaluations included a range of motion (ROM), Constant scores, global fatty degeneration (GFDI), and tendon integrity according to Sugaya’s classification by magnetic resonance images (MRI). Results: In all groups, ROM significantly improved after the procedures. Mean constant scores significantly improved: from 45.5 to 77.4 after EMSB, from 45.5 to 87.6 after DLSB, and from 46.3 to 88.0 after DLSB + DP. Significant differences were noted in postoperative Constant scores (p = 0.018: DLSB vs. EMSB, and p = 0.045: DLSB + DP vs. EMSB). The Constant pain scores were better for DLSB + DP than for EMSB (p = 0.012). Global fatty degeneration index (GFDI) with DLSB + DP was significantly higher than that for either EMSB or DLSB, indicating significant preoperative fatty degeneration for DLSB + DP. Retear occurred in 27.8% of the EMSB group, 12.5% of the DLSB group, and 9.1% of the DLSB + DP group. Discussion: Comparisons of the three groups demonstrated that DLSB and DLSB + DP achieved better clinical outcomes than EMSB for the repair of large or massive rotator cuff tears. DLSB + DP is useful for massive rotator cuff tears with severe fatty degeneration or for cases where the presence of excessive tension is anticipated when repairing the torn cuff.
Accuracy of Components of the SCAT5 and ChildSCAT5 to Identify Children with Concussion
Authors: Babl Franz E. , Anderson Vicki , Rausa Vanessa C. , Anderson Nicholas , Pugh Remy , Chau Tracey , Clarke Cathriona , Fabiano Fabian , Fan Feiven , Hearps Stephen , Parkin Georgia , Takagi Michael , Davis Gavin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5th Edition (SCAT5) is a standardized measure of concussion. In this prospective observational study, the ability of the SCAT5 and ChildSCAT5 to differentiate between children with and without a concussion was examined. Concussed children (n=91) and controls (n=106) were recruited from an emergency department in three equal-sized age bands (5–8/9–12/13–16 years). Analysis of covariance models (adjusting for participant age) were used to analyze group differences on components of the SCAT5. On the SCAT5 and ChildSCAT5, respectively, youth with concussion reported a greater number (d=1.47; d=0.52) and severity (d=1.27; d=0.72) of symptoms than controls (all p<0.001). ChildSCAT5 parent-rated number (d=0.98) and severity (d=1.04) of symptoms were greater for the concussion group (all p<0.001). Acceptable levels of between-group discrimination were identified for SCAT5 symptom number (AUC=0.86) and severity (AUC=0.84) and ChildSCAT5 parent-rated symptom number (AUC=0.76) and severity (AUC=0.78). Our findings support the utility of the SCAT5 and ChildSCAT5 to accurately distinguish between children with and without a concussion.
Ruthenium(II)/Chiral Carboxylic Acid Catalyzed Enantioselective C–H Functionalization of Sulfoximines
Authors: Yoshino Tatsuhiko , Matsunaga Shigeki , Huang Long-Tao , Hirata Yuki , Kato Yoshimi , Lin Luqing , Kojima Masahiro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRuthenium(II)-catalyzed enantioselective C–H functionalization reactions of sulfoximines with sulfoxonium ylides are described. The combination of [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2 and a pseudo-C
2-symmetric binaphthyl monocarboxylic acid furnished the S-chiral products in 76:24 to 92:8 er.