bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve in Refractory Glaucoma – Our Population Analysis
Authors: Faisal Momina , Farooq Saadia , Farooq Hajra 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To find out the outcomes of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV) implantation in a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design: Retrospective case series.
Place and Duration of Study: Shifa International Hospital Islamabad from January 2018 to July 2020.
Methods: This retrospective case series of 19 eyes of 17 patients with refractory glaucoma included patients who underwent AGV implantation with a follow-up period of 6 months to 01 year. AGV was done as a primary procedure in 3 patients and secondary procedure in 17 patients after a previously failed trabeculectomy. All patients underwent complete eye examination, before surgery and then at 1 month, 2months, 6 months and 1 year. Goldman tonometer was used to check IOP. Complications, interventions and the number of anti-glaucoma medications (in post-operative period) needed to achieve the target pressure were noted. Success was defined as an IOP of less than 18 mm Hg, with or without a single anti-glaucoma medication.
Results: Complete success was achieved in 57.9% and conditional success in 42.2%. The most common complication was encapsulated cyst formation in 31.6% and post-operative interventions were bleb deroofing in 10.5%, tube readjustment and tube wash in 10.5% and YAG vitreolysis in 5.3%.
Conclusion: AGV is an effective and relatively safe procedure in refractory glaucoma irrespective of initial diagnosis and age of the patient. Encapsulated bleb was the commonest complication.
Key Words: Ahmad Glaucoma valve, Glaucoma, Intra Ocular Pressure.
Outcomes of Squint Surgery in Terms of Motor Alignment within 10 Prism Diopters in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Clinical Audit
Authors: Chhipa Shaukat Ali , Akram Sharmeen , Rahman Asma 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To determine the outcome of squint surgery in terms of motor ocular alignment within 10 prism diopters, in a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design: A clinical audit at a tertiary care hospital.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Ophthalmology department, of Aga khan university hospital, Karachi between December 2016 and June 2017.
Methods: Medical records of all patients who underwent squint surgery were retrieved and included in the study. Patients with amblyopia, corneal or retinal pathologies and those who lost to follow-up or with incomplete records were excluded. All the available demographic and clinical data including pre-operative visual acuity, squint measurements, procedure performed and post-operative ocular alignment up to maximum of 6 months of follow-up was compiled.
Results: One hundred and nineteen patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There were 54.6% males and 45.4% were females. Squint was unilateral in 75.4% of patients and bilateral in 24.5%. Exotropia was present in 74 (62%) and Esotropia in 45 (38%) patients. The frequency of post-operative outcomes among the study participants were analyzed and it was reported that at six months follow-up central straight eye position or squint less than 10 prism diopters was seen among 75.5% of patients. The association of age and gender with primary outcome was obtained by applying independent sample T test. All the categories of age and gender showed statistically significant results i.e. p-value ≤ 0.05, except one week follow-up among different categories of gender showing insignificant results with p value = 0.740.
Conclusion: In present study 75.5% patients achieved the required result of ocular alignment within 10 prism diopters of orthotropia at the final follow-up visit.
Key Words: Squint, Esotropia, Exotropia, 10 prism Diopters.
Comparison of Online Assessment with Traditional Assessment of Ophthalmology Students: Experience from Public Sector Medical College in Pakistan
Authors: Ayub Muhammad Hammad , Ali Muhammad Hassaan , Hamza Uzma , Jahangir Kashif 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To perform online assessment of undergraduate ophthalmology students and compare the online examination results with conventional in-person examination during COVID-19 pandemic.
Study Design: Comparative, cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan. From October 2019 to December 2020.
Methods: We used online Google Assessment Forms to administer the online ophthalmology send-up examination to 4th-year MBBS students. The exam consisted of 50 test items with varying difficulty levels and pictures were incorporated into them. The examination results were compared with the conventional face-to-face send-up ophthalmology examination conducted a year ago, which consisted of 50 multiple-choice questions (MCQs).
Results: There were 50 questions in the online examination with categorization into C1:C2:C3 levels of cognition. A total of 336 students submitted their responses for online assessment with a mean score of 36.28 out of 50 marks (73.0%) (Range: 7 – 45 marks). C1, C2, and C3 questions were correctly answered by 95.3%, 45.1%, and 11.0% of the students, respectively. The conventional examination was taken by 326 students and consisted of 50 MCQs with C1:C2:C3 questions. The online exam yielded more mean scores than the in-person exam (73.0% versus 56.0%, p-value: 0.001). The rate of failure with scores less than 50% marks was significantly higher in students appearing in conventional exam versus online exam (16.6% versus 1.5% respectively, p-value: 0.0412).
Conclusion: Online assessment of undergraduate ophthalmology students is a possible alternative to the conventional examinations during this pandemic.
Key Words: Ophthalmology, COVID-19 Pandemic. Medical education.
CONTACT PROBLEM FOR ORTHOTROPIC PLATES OF VARIABLE THICKNESS WITH A SPATIALLY INHOMOGENEOUS BASE
Authors: Некрасова Н. Н. 
Published: November 2021

В работе приведено численное моделирование пространственной задачи контактного взаимодействия ортотропных плит переменной жесткости с упругими основаниями. Используемая методика расчета пригодна в случае любых известных контактных моделей упругих оснований. В качестве примера приведены численные результаты для пространственно-неоднородных оснований типа упругих слоев постоянной и переменной толщины. Система интегро-дифференциальных уравнений, к которой сводится задача, решается численно, сочетанием методов конечных разностей типа сквозного счета и граничных элементов. Найдены прогибы, изгибающие моменты и распределения контактных давлений прямоугольной плиты переменной жесткости, полностью примыкающей к основанию. Приводится анализ влияния на напряженно-деформированное состояние плиты, изменения ортотропных свойств ее материала и степень неравномерной сжимаемости толщи грунта. Разработанная методика позволяет эффективно моделировать работу плитных фундаментных конструкций, когда необходим учет неоднородности грунтов сжимаемой толщи в пределах габарита зданий или сооружений.
The paper presents a numerical simulation of the spatial problem of contact interaction of orthotropic slabs of variable stiffness with elastic foundations. The calculation technique used is suitable for any known contact models of elastic foundations. As an example, numerical results are given for spatially inhomogeneous foundations such as elastic layers of constant and variable thickness. The system of integrodifferential equations, to which the problem is reduced, is solved numerically by a combination of finite difference methods such as end-to-end counting and boundary elements. Deflections, bending moments and contact pressure distributions of a rectangular slab of variable stiffness, completely adjacent to the base, are found. An analysis of the influence on the stress-strain state of the slab of changes in the orthotropic properties of its material and the degree of uneven compressibility of the soil thickness is given. The developed technique makes it possible to effectively simulate the operation of slab foundation structures when it is necessary to take into account the heterogeneity of the soil of the compressible strata within the dimensions of buildings or structures.
The fauna of aquatic invertebrates in the river impacted by wastewaters from the pulp and paper industry (Komi Republic)
Authors: Baturina Maria , Kononova Olga , Fefilova Elena , Loskutova Olga 
Published: November 2021

Invertebrates are important elements of aquatic ecosystems and play a crucial role in the transformation of matter and energy in continental water bodies. Communities of aquatic invertebrates are characterised by high sensitivity to pollution by nutrients and toxic substances and acidification of water bodies; they serve as good bioindicators of the quality of the aquatic environment and impacts on hydroecosystems. All hydrobionts participate in the processes of self-purification of water bodies.The presented dataset provides information on the aquatic invertebrate community of a large northern river. During 2018-2020, we collected data on changes in the quantitative indicators of the development of benthic and planktonic communities, as well as the species diversity of their fauna. The dataset combines information about the occurrence and abundance of benthic and planktonic invertebrates and summarises data of aquatic invertebrate species found in the Vychegda River in the zone of influence from the pulp and paper mill.The presented dataset is part of a monitoring programme of the river ecosystems in the production area of Mondi Syktyvkar JSC (the European North-East of Russia, Komi Republic). The dataset describes the structure of benthic invertebrate and plankton communities in the Northern Dvina River Basin. The data on the finding and abundance of large taxa of aquatic invertebrates and species of some groups: Oligochaeta, Cladocera, Copepoda, Rotifera, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera are presented. In total, the resource includes 8720 findings of invertebrates, of which 6041 are for zoobenthos organisms and 2679 for zooplankton organisms.
IL-13 Controls IL-33 Activity through Modulation of ST2
Authors: Zhang Melvin , Duffen Jennifer L , Nocka Karl H , Kasaian Marion T 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
IL-33 is a multifunctional cytokine that mediates local inflammation upon tissue damage. IL-33 is known to act on multiple cell types including group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), Th2 cells, and mast cells to drive production of Th2 cytokines including IL-5 and IL-13. IL-33 signaling activity through transmembrane ST2L can be inhibited by soluble ST2 (sST2), which acts as a decoy receptor. Previous findings suggested that modulation of IL-13 levels in mice lacking decoy IL-13Rα2, or mice lacking IL-13, impacted responsiveness to IL-33. In this study, we used Il13−/− mice to investigate whether IL-13 regulates IL-33 activity by modulating the transmembrane and soluble forms of ST2. In Il13−/− mice, the effects of IL-33 administration were exacerbated relative to wild type (WT). Il13−/− mice administered IL-33 i.p. had heightened splenomegaly, more immune cells in the peritoneum including an expanded ST2L+ ILC2 population, increased eosinophilia in the spleen and peritoneum, and reduced sST2 in the circulation and peritoneum. In the spleen, lung, and liver of mice given IL-33, gene expression of both isoforms of ST2 was increased in Il13−/− mice relative to WT. We confirmed fibroblasts to be an IL-13-responsive cell type that can regulate IL-33 activity through production of sST2. This study elucidates the important regulatory activity that IL-13 exerts on IL-33 through induction of IL-33 decoy receptor sST2 and through modulation of ST2L+ ILC2s.
El impacto de la era digital y su importancia en los negocios educativos en tiempos de Covid-19
Authors: Reyes Denisse Rosario Argüello , Alencastro Carla Paola Espinoza 
Published: November 2021

Este trabajo analiza la importancia del mercado educativo y la inclusión de medios tecnológicos para el proceso de transformación de las empresas tradicionales a negocios digitales; la investigación es documental de tipo descriptiva - exploratoria; en esta se examinó documentación científica y representativa de instituciones educativas de educación superior; esencialmente sobre servicios digitales y los efectos del COVID-19 en la manera de hacer negocios.
El objetivo de este paper fue indagar el proceso transformador de los servicios tradicionales a actividades comerciales con plataformas tecnológicas en el área educativa. A modo de resultado de este análisis, se observa una correlación entre los sucesos de la pandemia y el ineludible cambio de los negocios en la educación superior; comprobándose una innovación efectiva de una instrucción flexible y herramientas especializadas para la era actual.
Low-orbit satellite grouping of the system for monitoring geodesic parameters of the Earth and the direction of its development
Authors: Кузин С.П. 
Published: November 2021

Спутниковые миссии наряду с наземными геодезическими сетями различных космических технологий являются второй важной составляющей российского сегмента системы контроля геодезических параметров Земли (ГПЗ). Спутники имеют неоспоримое преимущество в том, что они непрерывно собирают однородные данные над большими частями земной поверхности. Они позволяют сбор данных, которые не могут быть зарегистрированы на поверхности Земли. Такие спутники в наше время оборудованы множеством датчиков, контролирующих поверхности суши, океана и льда, а также гравитационное поле Земли и его временные изменения. Потенциал и влияние спутниковых миссий для наблюдений Земли значительно возрастут в связи с тем, что: (1) будут запускаться все больше и больше спутниковых созвездий, вместо отдельных спутников, увеличивая тем самым временное и пространственное разрешение получаемых данных; (2) спутники будут летать в «формированиях», образуя большие наблюдательные приборы, состоящие из датчиков, расположенных на нескольких спутниках. В работе автор, с учетом рекомендаций международного геодезического сообщества, предлагает набор низкоорбитальных спутниковых миссий различных направлений, необходимых для полноценного функционирования системы контроля ГПЗ, и рассматривает направления развития данных миссий.
Satellite missions, along with ground-based geodesic networks of various space technologies, will be the second important component of the Russian segment of the system for monitoring geodesic parameters of the Earth (GPE). Satellites have the undeniable advantage of continuously collecting uniform data over large parts of the Earth’s surface. They allow the collection of data that cannot be registered on the Earth’s surface. Such satellites are now equipped with a variety of sensors that monitor the surface of land, ocean and ice, as well as the Earth’s gravitational field and its temporal changes. The potential and impact of satellite missions for Earth observations will increase significantly as: (1) more and more satellite constellations will be launched, instead of individual satellites, thereby increasing the temporal and spatial resolution of the data received; (2) satellites will fly in “formations”, forming large observation instruments consisting of sensors located on several satellites. In this article the author taking into account the international geodetic community recommendations proposes a set of low-orbit satellite missions to various areas, necessary for proper operation of the system for monitoring GPE, and the directions of development of these missions are considered.
Strangeness of translational and rotational motion of the geosynchronous object 10294 according to optical observations
Authors: Бахтигараев Н.С. 
Published: November 2021

Представлены особенности изменения параметров движения геосинхронного объекта 10294 SIRIO-1 №1977-080A по результатам оптических наблюдений в обсерваториях в Звенигороде, на пике Терскол и на горе Санглох республики Таджикистан. Пассивный итальянский научный космический аппарат SIRIO-1 представляет интерес тем, что он описывает классическую восьмерку вокруг точки либрации 75 ◦ в.д. без дрейфа по долготе и всегда доступен наблюдениям с наших пунктов. Это дает возможность детально исследовать поступательно-вращательное движение объекта, используя только результаты своих измерений. SIRIO-1 наблюдался нами для проверки аппаратуры и программного обеспечения как тестовый объект с очень устойчивой орбитой. В 2018 г. у этого объекта были обнаружены изменения в движении и в кривых блеска, не свойственные космическому мусору. Были зафиксированы небольшое скачкообразное изменение орбиты между 7 и 11 марта 2018 г. и изменение коэффициента отношения площади миделевого сечения объекта к его массе; кроме того перестал надежно определяться период изменения блеска и появилось характерное изменение блеска на одном и том же участке траектории с периодом, примерно равным звездным суткам.
The features of changes in the motion parameters of the geosynchronous object 10294 SIRIO-1 No.1977-080A based on the results of optical observations at the observatories in Zvenigorod, Terskol Peak and Sanglokh Mountain in the Republic of Tajikistan are presented. The passive Italian scientific spacecraft SIRIO-1 is of interest to us because it describes the classic eight around the libration point of 75 ◦ E without longitude drift and is always available to observations from our observation points. This makes it possible to study in detail the translational-rotational motion of the object, using only the results of their measurements. SIRIO-1 was observed by us to test the hardware and software as a test object with a very stable orbit. In 2018, this object was found to have changes in motion and in the light curves that are not characteristic to space debris. A small abrupt change in the orbit between March 7 and 11, 2018, and a change in the area-to-mass ratio of the object were recorded. In addition, the period of change in the brightness was no longer reliably determined, and a characteristic change in the brightness appeared on the same part of the trajectory with a period approximately equal to the sidereal day.
MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI SISWA MELALUI LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK DENGAN MEDIA FILM
Authors: ARIFIN MUHAMMAD TAJUL 
Published: November 2021

This study aims to improve achievement motivation through community service with filmm media. The research method used the design of one pretest-post group involving 10 students from class VII and VIII with low achievement motivation as group member. The result of this research is the achievement of student achievement motivation and show that the students who get the assistance of counseling service with the film media experience the improvement of the motivation of the perception than before following the group guidance service with the film media.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi berprestasi melalui layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan media film. Metode penelitian eksperimen menggunakan desain one group pretest-post dengan melibatkan 10 siswa dari kelas VII dan VIII yang mempunyai motivasi berprestasi rendah sebagai anggota kelompok. Hasil penelitian ini adalah diperolehnya kondisi motivasi berprestasi siswa dan menunjukkan bahwa siswa yang memperoleh bantuan layanan bimbingan dengan media film mengalamai peningkatan motivasi berpretasinya dibandingkan sebelum mengikuti layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan media film.
IMPLEMENTASI LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING TERHADAP PROBLEM BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI ADMINISTRASI PERKANTORAN 1 TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: NURYANI YENI 
Published: November 2021

The aims of this study are: (a) To reveal the effect of Guidance and Counseling Learning with Guidance and Counseling learning outcomes. (b) Want to know how far the understanding and mastery of Guidance and Counseling subjects is after the implementation of Learning with Guidance and Counseling Services. This study uses three rounds of action research. Each round consists of four stages, namely: design, activities and observations, reflection, and revision. The targets of this study were students of Class XI Office Administration 1. The data obtained were in the form of formative test results, observation sheets for teaching and learning activities. From the results of the analysis, it was found that student learning achievement has increased from cycle I to cycle III, namely, cycle I (72%), cycle II (88%). The conclusion of this study is that the Guidance and Counseling Service learning method can have a positive effect on the learning motivation of Class XI students, and this learning model can be used as an alternative to Counseling Guidance.
ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (a) Untuk mengungkap pengaruh Pembelajaran dengan Layanan Bimbingan Dan Konseling terhadap hasil belajar Bimbingan Konseling . (b) Ingin mengetahui seberapa jauh pemahaman dan penguasaan mata pelajaran Bimbingan Konseling setelah diterapkannya Pembelajaran dengan Layanan Bimbingan Dan Konseling. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) sebanyak tiga putaran. Setiap putaran terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu: rancangan, kegiatan dan pengamatan, refleksi, dan refisi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas XI Administrasi Perkantoran 1 Data yang diperoleh berupa hasil tes formatif, lembar observasi kegiatan belajar mengajar. Dari hasil analis didapatkan bahwa prestasi belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I sampai siklus III yaitu, siklus I (72%), siklus II (88%). Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah metode pembelajaran Layanan Bimbingan Dan Konseling dapat berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi belajar Siswa Kelas XI, serta model pembelajaran ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternative Bimbingan Konseling.
COOPERACIÓN INTERNACIONAL PARA LA PREVENCIÓN DE LOS DELITOS TRANSNACIONALES
Authors: Escobar Ceballos Alberto Luis 
Published: November 2021

Una vez entró en vigencia la Convención de las Naciones Unidas contra la Delincuencia Organizada Transnacional – D.O.T, se esperaba poder prevenir y combatir más eficazmente la delincuencia. La D.O.T. dotó a los Estados miembros de las Naciones Unidas de un amplio marco jurídico para combatir a la delincuencia organizada, que incluye instrumentos como la extradición y asistencia jurídica en materia penal, así como nuevos métodos y técnicas de investigación, aseguramiento de los bienes que se utilizan para cometer el delito o aquellos que son producto de éste.
La Delincuencia Organizada Transnacional – D-O.T - es una de las amenazas más graves para la seguridad pública y nacional. Las antiguas organizaciones delincuenciales tenían un alcance muy limitado, su campo de acción era local, pero en este mundo globalizado las cosas han cambiado y ahora lo que antes era un asunto local se ha convertido en tema que atañen a muchos países pasando de ser de la incumbencia nacional a una importancia transnacional.
Yield, Yield Components and Nutritional Traits Values of Biofortified Sorghum Hybrids in Mali
Authors: Maiga Alfousseiny Mahamane , Nebie Baloua , Diallo Abdoulaye G. , Toure Aboubacar , Danquah Eric , Danquah Agyemang 
Published: November 2021

To assess the adaptation, yield potential, nutrient content and to identify the traits contributing directly and indirectly to yield increase, a two years’ study was conducted in four locations. Thus, a total of 28 F1 hybrids from two females and 14 male parents, were developed and used in this study along with the parents and four commercial hybrids. Seven (7) hybrids were identified with grain yield ranging from 4015 to 4624 kg-1ha; heading from 64 to 92 days; iron content from 8.63 to 91.15 ppm; Zinc content from 8.14 to 28.71 ppm; lysine content from 2.73 to 5.61 mg/100g; threonine content from 2.50 to 6.28 mg/100g. For both phenotypic and genotypic levels, a significant correlation on grain yield through plant height, panicle length, primary branch per panicle, grain number per panicle and number of whorls per panicle were found. Based on the path analysis, positive and significant direct and indirect effect of correlation were observed in this work for a cycle, grain quality, panicle length, primary branch per panicle, grain number per panicle and number of whorls per panicle at the phenotypic level.