bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fragility functions for local failure mechanisms in unreinforced masonry buildings: a typological study in Ferrara, Italy
Authors: Nale Marco , Minghini Fabio , Chiozzi Andrea , Tralli Antonio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUnreinforced masonry buildings undergoing seismic actions often exhibit local failure mechanisms which represent a serious life-safety hazard, as recent strong earthquakes have shown. Compared to new buildings, older unreinforced masonry buildings are more vulnerable, not only because they have been designed without or with limited seismic loading requirements, but also because horizontal structures and connections amid the walls are not always effective. Also, Out-Of-Plane (OOP) mechanisms can be caused by significant slenderness of the walls even if connections are effective. The purpose of this paper is to derive typological fragility functions for unreinforced masonry walls considering OOP local failure mechanisms. In the case of slender walls with good material properties, the OOP response can be modeled with reference to an assembly of rigid bodies undergoing rocking motion. In particular, depending on its configuration, a wall is assumed either as a single rigid body undergoing simple one-sided rocking or a system of two coupled rigid bodies rocking along their common edge. A set of 44 ground motions from earthquake events occurred from 1972 to 2017 in Italy is used in this study. The likelihood of collapse is calculated via Multiple Stripe Analysis (MSA) from a given wall undergoing a specific ground motion. Then, the single fragility functions are suitably combined to define a typological fragility function for a class of buildings. The procedure is applied to a historical aggregate in the city center of Ferrara (Italy) as a case study. The fragility functions developed in this research can be a helpful tool for assessing seismic damage and economic losses in unreinforced masonry buildings on a regional scale.
The Impact of Islamic Spirituality on Job Satisfaction and Organisational Commitment: Exploring Mediation and Moderation Impact
Authors: Asutay Mehmet , Buana Greget Kalla , Avdukic Alija 
Published: September 2021

AbstractResearch into spirituality and its impact on the work environment has been bourgeoning. In an attempt to explore the role of Islamic spirituality in the workplace, this study examines the influence of Islamic spirituality on job satisfaction and organisational commitment through work ethics. Data are obtained by an online Likert-scaled questionnaire survey based on one thousand Muslim employees from various economic sectors in Indonesia and analysed through structural equation modelling (SEM). The findings demonstrate that Islamic spirituality positively influences job satisfaction and organisational commitment as two dimensions of work attitudes and that work ethics mediate that influence. There is also evidence that job satisfaction positively influences organisational commitment, but work ethics does not moderate that influence. The findings related to the role of work ethics, which mediates the effect of Islamic spirituality on job satisfaction and organisational commitment, can be considered the contribution of this study.
Corpora compilation for prosody-informed speech processing
Authors: Öktem Alp , Farrús Mireia , Bonafonte Antonio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractResearch on speech technologies necessitates spoken data, which is usually obtained through read recorded speech, and specifically adapted to the research needs. When the aim is to deal with the prosody involved in speech, the available data must reflect natural and conversational speech, which is usually costly and difficult to get. This paper presents a machine learning-oriented toolkit for collecting, handling, and visualization of speech data, using prosodic heuristic. We present two corpora resulting from these methodologies: PANTED corpus, containing 250 h of English speech from TED Talks, and Heroes corpus containing 8 h of parallel English and Spanish movie speech. We demonstrate their use in two deep learning-based applications: punctuation restoration and machine translation. The presented corpora are freely available to the research community.
Learning to Argue Through Dialogue: a Review of Instructional Approaches
Authors: Rapanta Chrysi , Felton Mark K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOver the past 20 years, a broad and diverse research literature has emerged to address how students learn to argue through dialogue in educational contexts. However, the variety of approaches used to study this phenomenon makes it challenging to find coherence in what may otherwise seem to be disparate fields of study. In this integrative review, we propose looking at how learning to argue (LTA) has been operationalized thus far in educational research, focusing on how different scholars have framed and fostered argumentative dialogue, assessed its gains, and applied it in different learning contexts. In total, 143 studies from the broad literature on educational dialogue and argumentation were analysed, including all educational levels (from primary to university). The following patterns for studying how dialogue fosters LTA emerged: whole-class ‘low structure’ framing with a goal of dialogue, small-group ‘high structure’ framing with varied argumentative goals, and studies with one-to-one dialectic framing with a goal of persuasive deliberation. The affordances and limitations of these different instructional approaches to LTA research and practice are discussed. We conclude with a discussion of complementarity of the approaches that emerged from our analysis in terms of the pedagogical methods and conditions that promote productive and/or constructive classroom interactions.
Probing the nature of black holes: Deep in the mHz gravitational-wave sky
Authors: Baibhav Vishal , Barack Leor , Berti Emanuele , Bonga Béatrice , Brito Richard , Cardoso Vitor , Compère Geoffrey , Das Saurya , Doneva Daniela , Garcia-Bellido Juan , Heisenberg Lavinia , Hughes Scott A. , Isi Maximiliano , Jani Karan , Kavanagh Chris , Lukes-Gerakopoulos Georgios , Mueller Guido , Pani Paolo , Petiteau Antoine , Rajendran Surjeet , Sotiriou Thomas P. , Stergioulas Nikolaos , Taylor Alasdair , Vagenas Elias , van de Meent Maarten , Warburton Niels , Wardell Barry , Witzany Vojtěch , Zimmerman Aaron 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBlack holes are unique among astrophysical sources: they are the simplest macroscopic objects in the Universe, and they are extraordinary in terms of their ability to convert energy into electromagnetic and gravitational radiation. Our capacity to probe their nature is limited by the sensitivity of our detectors. The LIGO/Virgo interferometers are the gravitational-wave equivalent of Galileo’s telescope. The first few detections represent the beginning of a long journey of exploration. At the current pace of technological progress, it is reasonable to expect that the gravitational-wave detectors available in the 2035-2050s will be formidable tools to explore these fascinating objects in the cosmos, and space-based detectors with peak sensitivities in the mHz band represent one class of such tools. These detectors have a staggering discovery potential, and they will address fundamental open questions in physics and astronomy. Are astrophysical black holes adequately described by general relativity? Do we have empirical evidence for event horizons? Can black holes provide a glimpse into quantum gravity, or reveal a classical breakdown of Einstein’s gravity? How and when did black holes form, and how do they grow? Are there new long-range interactions or fields in our Universe, potentially related to dark matter and dark energy or a more fundamental description of gravitation? Precision tests of black hole spacetimes with mHz-band gravitational-wave detectors will probe general relativity and fundamental physics in previously inaccessible regimes, and allow us to address some of these fundamental issues in our current understanding of nature.
Real Estate Markets and Lending: Does Local Growth Fuel Risk?
Authors: Zurek Maximilian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractReal estate price growth affects credit risk for several reasons: it provides input for economic forecasts as it’s closely tied to economic growth; when used as collateral by banks, rising real estate prices may decrease both expected and actual losses; and banks may become less risk averse in lending practices in the presence of rising property prices. Therefore, we analyze these effects on loan portfolios’ estimated and realized risks on a local level. Using data of 390 German savings banks, however, we find that real estate prices have little or no impact on savings banks’ credit portfolio risk or risk precautions.
Whorephobia in Higher Education: a reflexive account of researching cis women’s experiences of stripping while at university
Authors: Simpson Jessica 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis is a reflexive account of carrying out ‘dirty research’ onciswomen’s experiences of working as erotic dancers while at university in the UK. Focusing on the recruitment process, I discuss how universities avoided becoming ‘subjects’ of research by blocking the study and labelling it ‘extremely sensitive’ or ‘inappropriate’. By scrutinising the fieldwork, this revealed the prevalence of whorephobia within Higher Education and the general, rather than idiosyncratic, prioritisation of institutional reputation management at the expense of silencing marginalised voices and experiences. This article adds to scholarship problematising the taken-for-granted, subjective power wielded by research ethics committees which has the potential to curtail academic freedom and the advancement of knowledge and debate within specific fields. By restricting access to potential participants and through delay tactics, this hindered my ability to carry out the initial research design, shaping the type of data gathered and the knowledge I was able to contribute to this already under-researched area of study.
Theoretical Modeling for the Thermal Stability of Solid Targets in a Positron-Driven Muon Collider
Authors: Cesarini Gianmario , Antonelli Mario , Anulli Fabio , Bauce Matteo , Biagini Maria Enrica , Blanco-García Oscar R. , Boscolo Manuela , Casaburo Fausto , Cavoto Gianluca , Ciarma Andrea , Collamati Francesco , Daout Cyril , Li Voti Roberto , Variola Alessandro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA future multi-TeV muon collider requires new ideas to tackle the problems of muon production, accumulation and acceleration. In the Low EMittance Muon Accelerator concept a 45 GeV positron beam, stored in an accumulation ring with high energy acceptance and low angular divergence, is extracted and driven to a target system in order to produce muon pairs near the kinematic threshold. However, this scheme requires an intensity of the impinging positron beam so high that the energy dissipation and the target maintenance are crucial aspects to be investigated. Both peak temperature rises and thermomechanical shocks are related to the beam spot size at the target for a given material: these aspects are setting a lower bound on the beam spot size itself. The purpose of this paper is to provide a fully theoretical approach to predict the temperature increase, the thermal gradients, and the induced thermomechanical stress on targets, generated by a sequence of 45 GeV positron bunches. A case study is here presented for Beryllium and Graphite targets. We first discuss the Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the heat deposited on the targets after a single bunch of 3 × 1011 positrons for different beam sizes. Then a theoretical model is developed to simulate the temperature increase of the targets subjected to very fast sequences of positron pulses, over different timescales, from ps regime to hundreds of seconds. Finally a simple approach is provided to estimate the induced thermomechanical stresses in the target, together with simple criteria to be fulfilled (i.e., Christensen safety factor) to prevent the crack formation mechanism.
Educational self-regulation competence: toward a lifespan-based concept and assessment strategy
Authors: Bittner Jenny V. , Stamov Roßnagel Christian , Staudinger Ursula M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSelf-regulation is crucial for learning and achievement in educational and occupational contexts. Educational self-regulation has been conceptualized as a domain-specific, context-bound competence that is open to interventions. Beyond students’ educational self-regulation (ESR), few studies have examined ESR across the lifespan as a basis of competence assessments. We contribute to adult ESR by discussing whether ESR competence applies to intermediate and higher self-regulation levels, as represented by workplace learning and career management. Furthermore, we discuss the interplay of epistemic beliefs and metacomprehension as core processes of ESR. Finally, we outline cornerstones of an assessment strategy for adult ESR.
Autism Through the Ages: A Mixed Methods Approach to Understanding How Age and Age of Diagnosis Affect Quality of Life
Authors: Atherton Gray , Edisbury Emma , Piovesan Andrea , Cross Liam 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA significant proportion of autistic adults today were not diagnosed until later in life, a group referred to as the ‘lost generation,’ which may affect mental health. In Study 1 we explored quality of life and autistic trait levels in 420 autistic and TD adults, and in Study 2 we explored the experiences of 8 autistic adults diagnosed as adults. We found that autistic adults had lower quality of life outcomes and higher autistic trait levels which related to age of diagnosis, and qualitative findings indicated that while adults were empowered by their new diagnosis, they still require specialized supports. Our findings are discussed, emphasizing future directions and implications for the current care system in place for autistic adults.
Simple Measurement of IgA Predicts Immunity and Mortality in Ataxia-Telangiectasia
Authors: Zielen Stefan , Duecker Ruth Pia , Woelke Sandra , Donath Helena , Bakhtiar Sharhzad , Buecker Aileen , Kreyenberg Hermann , Huenecke Sabine , Bader Peter , Mahlaoui Nizar , Ehl Stephan , El-Helou Sabine M. , Pietrucha Barbara , Plebani Alessandro , van der Flier Michiel , van Aerde Koen , Kilic Sara S. , Reda Shereen M. , Kostyuchenko Larysa , McDermott Elizabeth , Galal Nermeen , Pignata Claudio , Pérez Juan Luis Santos , Laws Hans-Juergen , Niehues Tim , Kutukculer Necil , Seidel Markus G. , Marques Laura , Ciznar Peter , Edgar John David M. , Soler-Palacín Pere , von Bernuth Horst , Krueger Renate , Meyts Isabelle , Baumann Ulrich , Kanariou Maria , Grimbacher Bodo , Hauck Fabian , Graf Dagmar , Granado Luis Ignacio Gonzalez , Prader Seraina , Reisli Ismail , Slatter Mary , Rodríguez-Gallego Carlos , Arkwright Peter D. , Bethune Claire , Deripapa Elena , Sharapova Svetlana O. , Lehmberg Kai , Davies E. Graham , Schuetz Catharina , Kindle Gerhard , Schubert Ralf 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPatients with ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) suffer from progressive cerebellar ataxia, immunodeficiency, respiratory failure, and cancer susceptibility. From a clinical point of view, A-T patients with IgA deficiency show more symptoms and may have a poorer prognosis. In this study, we analyzed mortality and immunity data of 659 A-T patients with regard to IgA deficiency collected from the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) registry and from 66 patients with classical A-T who attended at the Frankfurt Goethe-University between 2012 and 2018. We studied peripheral B- and T-cell subsets and T-cell repertoire of the Frankfurt cohort and survival rates of all A-T patients in the ESID registry. Patients with A-T have significant alterations in their lymphocyte phenotypes. All subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD4/CD45RA, and CD8/CD45RA) were significantly diminished compared to standard values. Patients with IgA deficiency (n = 35) had significantly lower lymphocyte counts compared to A-T patients without IgA deficiency (n = 31) due to a further decrease of naïve CD4 T-cells, central memory CD4 cells, and regulatory T-cells. Although both patient groups showed affected TCR-ß repertoires compared to controls, no differences could be detected between patients with and without IgA deficiency. Overall survival of patients with IgA deficiency was significantly diminished. For the first time, our data show that patients with IgA deficiency have significantly lower lymphocyte counts and subsets, which are accompanied with reduced survival, compared to A-T patients without IgA deficiency. IgA, a simple surrogate marker, is indicating the poorest prognosis for classical A-T patients. Both non-interventional clinical trials were registered at clinicaltrials.gov 2012 (Susceptibility to infections in ataxia-telangiectasia; NCT02345135) and 2017 (Susceptibility to Infections, tumor risk and liver disease in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia; NCT03357978)
Otherness, Cloning, and Morality in John Wyndham’s The Midwich Cuckoos (1957)
Authors: Hansen Solveig Lena 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe British writer John Wyndham (1903–1969) explored societal effects of surprising or mystical events. A paradigmatic example isThe Midwich Cuckoos(1957), which portrays identical-looking children born without sexual intercourse. I propose a reading strategy that focuses on the fictional spatial order and analyses how the construction of the children’s otherness interferes with the village’s demarcation. Furthermore, I interpret the mysterious pregnancies as a reference to basic embryo research in the 1950s – cloning. Finally, I scrutinize Wyndham’s negotiation of utilitarianism throughout the novel and his critique of truly utilitarian decisions that are based on constructions of Otherness.
Perceptions of Parenting in Daily Life: Adolescent-Parent Differences and Associations with Adolescent Affect
Authors: Janssen Loes H. C. , Verkuil Bart , van Houtum Lisanne A. E. M. , Wever Mirjam C. M. , Elzinga Bernet M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAdolescents can perceive parenting quite differently than parents themselves and these discrepancies may relate to adolescent well-being. The current study aimed to explore how adolescents and parents perceive daily parental warmth and criticism and whether these perceptions and discrepancies relate to adolescents’ daily positive and negative affect. The sample consisted of 80 adolescents (Mage = 15.9; 63.8% girls) and 151 parents (Mage = 49.4; 52.3% women) who completed four ecological momentary assessments per day for 14 consecutive days. In addition to adolescents’ perception, not parents’ perception by itself, but the extent to which this perception differed or overlapped with adolescents’ perception was related to adolescent affect. These findings highlight the importance of including combined adolescents’ and parents’ perspectives when studying dynamic parenting processes.
Cyber-attack detection via non-linear prediction of IP addresses: an innovative big data analytics approach
Authors: Cuzzocrea Alfredo , Fadda Edoardo , Mumolo Enzo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractComputer network systems are often subject to several types of attacks. For example, an excessive traffic load sent to a web server for making it unusable is the main technique introduced by the Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. A well-known method for detecting attacks consists in analyzing the sequence of source IP addresses for detecting possible anomalies. With the aim of predicting the next IP address, the Probability Density Function of the IP address sequence is estimated. Anomalous requests are detected via predicting source’s IP addresses in future accesses to the server. Thus, when an access to the server occurs, the server accepts only the requests from the predicted IP addresses and it blocks all the others. The approaches used to estimate the Probability Density Function of IP addresses range from the sequence of IP addresses seen previously and stored in a database to address clustering, for instance via the K-Means algorithm. Instead, the sequence of IP addresses is considered as a numerical sequence in this paper, and non-linear analysis of this numerical sequence is applied. In particular, we exploited non-linear analysis based on Volterra Kernels and Hammerstein models. The experiments carried out with datasets of source IP address sequences show that the prediction errors obtained with Hammerstein models are smaller than those obtained both with the Volterra Kernels and with the sequence clustering based on the K-Means algorithm.
Evaluating essential processes and forecast requirements for meteotsunami-induced coastal flooding
Authors: Huang Chenfu , Anderson Eric , Liu Yi , Ma Gangfeng , Mann Greg , Xue Pengfei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMeteotsunamis pose a unique threat to coastal communities and often lead to damage of coastal infrastructure, deluge of nearby property, and loss of life and injury. The Great Lakes are a known hot-spot of meteotsunami activity and serve as an important region for investigation of essential hydrodynamic processes and model forecast requirements in meteotsunami-induced coastal flooding. For this work, we developed an advanced hydrodynamic model and evaluate key model attributes and dynamic processes, including: (1) coastal model grid resolution and wetting and drying process in low-lying zones, (2) coastal infrastructure, including breakwaters and associated submerging and overtopping processes, (3) annual/seasonal (ambient) water level change, and (4) wind wave-current coupling. Numerical experiments are designed to evaluate the importance of these attributes to meteotsunami modeling, including a “representative storm” scenario in the context of regional climate change in which a meteotsunami wave is generated under high ambient lake-level conditions with a preferable wind direction and speed for wind-wave growth. Results demonstrate that accurate representation of coastal topography and fully resolving associated hydrodynamic processes are critical to forecasting the realistic hazards associated with meteotsunami events. As most of existing coastal forecast systems generally do not resolve many of these features due to insufficient model grid resolution or lack of essential model attributes, this work shows that calibrating or assessing existing forecast models against coastal water level gauges alone may result in underestimating the meteotsunami hazard, particularly when gauging stations are sparse and located behind harbor breakwaters or inside estuaries, which represent dampened or otherwise unrepresentative pictures of meteotsunami intensity. This work is the first hydrodynamic modeling of meteotsunami-induced coastal flooding for the Great Lakes, and serves as a template to guide where resources may be most beneficial in forecast system development and implementation.