bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tiny golden angle ultrashort echo‐time lung imaging in mice
Authors: Balasch Anke , Metze Patrick , Li Hao , Rottbauer Wolfgang , Abaei Alireza , Rasche Volker 
Published: July 2021

Imaging the lung parenchyma with MRI is particularly difficult in small animals due to the high respiratory and heart rates, and ultrashort T2* at high magnetic field strength caused by the high susceptibilities induced by the air–tissue interfaces. In this study, a 2D ultrashort echo‐time (UTE) technique was combined with tiny golden angle (tyGA) ordering. Data were acquired continuously at 11.7 T and retrospective center‐of‐k‐space gating was applied to reconstruct respiratory multistage images. Lung (proton) density (fP), T2*, signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), fractional ventilation (FV) and perfusion (f) were quantified, and the application to dynamic contrast agent (CA)‐enhanced (DCE) qualitative perfusion assessment tested. The interobserver and intraobserver and interstudy reproducibility of the quantitative parameters were investigated. High‐quality images of the lung parenchyma could be acquired in all animals. Over all lung regions a mean T2* of 0.20 ± 0.05 ms was observed. FV resulted as 0.31 ± 0.13, and a trend towards lower SNR values during inspiration (EX: SNR = 12.48 ± 6.68, IN: SNR = 11.79 ± 5.86) and a significant (P < 0.001) decrease in lung density (EX: fP = 0.69 ± 0.13, IN: fP = 0.62 ± 0.13) were observed. Quantitative perfusion results as 34.63 ± 9.05 mL/cm3/min (systole) and 32.77 ± 8.55 mL/cm3/min (diastole) on average. The CA dynamics could be assessed and, because of the continuous nature of the data acquisition, reconstructed at different temporal resolutions. Where a good to excellent interobserver reproducibility and an excellent intraobserver reproducibility resulted, the interstudy reproducibility was only fair to good. In conclusion, the combination of tiny golden angles with UTE (2D tyGA UTE) resulted in a reliable imaging technique for lung morphology and function in mice, providing uniform k‐space coverage and thus low‐artefact images of the lung parenchyma after gating.
A study of the radial and bending performance for poly (L‐lactic acid) braided stents with innovative runners
Authors: Zhao Gutian , Wang Bin , Liu Muqing , Tian Yuan , Wu Gensheng , Zhang Yi , Cheng Jie , Ni Zhonghua 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPoly (L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) braided stent is expected to treat the peripheral vascular and biliary obstructive diseases with its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, the application of PLLA is still restricted by insufficient mechanical performance. In this paper, a series of PLLA braided stents with runners in axial, circumferential and spiral directions were prepared, and the effects of the runners on the mechanical performance of PLLA braided stents were studied. Meanwhile, the relationship between radial supporting performance and bending performance was analyzed to evaluate the effects on mechanical performance of PLLA stents. According to the relationship, it is found that the runners in different directions have a great influence on the mechanical performance of the stents. Especially the runners in spiral direction can effectively improve the radial force and bending stiffness of the stents compared with the control group. This work provides some suggestions for the development and design of PLLA braided stents in the future.
Study on the ageing effect of alumina/epoxy composites modified by atmospheric plasma jet
Authors: Kang Yuchan , Yan Jiyuan , Peng Chengkai , Song Yanze , Bian Bo , Lü Tianshu , Wan Zijian , Xie Qing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlumina/epoxy resin (Al2O3/EP) composite material is widely used in the manufacture of insulators. However, the operation environment of long‐term high‐voltage direct current will destroy Al2O3/EP surface insulating performance. In this article, Al2O3/EP was modified by atmospheric pressure Ar and Ar/CF4 plasma jet, and its aging effect was studied by investigating the physicochemical characteristics and the electrical performances of the sample 0 ~ 100 days after modification. The experimental results show that after plasma treatment the surface roughness of the material increases; the O/C ratio on the surface of the material increases after Ar treatment, and the F element is grafted on the surface after Ar/CF4 treatment. These changes lead to the increase of surface energy and hydrophilicity, and the improvement of electrical performance. The surface properties change within 100 days owing to the oxidation reactions and the variability of recombination chemical bonds and molecular chains after high‐energy plasma treatment. The surface O/C ratio of the materials treated by Ar plasma is obviously reduced, the hydrophobicity is restored to some extent, and the electrical properties are also obviously weakened. In comparison, the properties of Ar/CF4 plasma‐modified materials do not change significantly.
Effect of solution blown nanofibers on Mode‐I fracture toughness and dynamic mechanical properties of carbon fiber‐reinforced composites
Authors: Polat Yusuf , Ekici Bulent , Kilic Ali 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study, solution‐blown nanofibers were coated on carbon fiber (CF) fabrics to improve Mode‐I fracture toughness and dynamic mechanical properties of the composite laminates. Nanofiber coatings of various basis weights were directly spun over CF fabrics, which were then formed into composite laminates via vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding. A double cantilever beam test was conducted to analyze the Mode‐I fracture toughness of CF‐reinforced epoxy composites. The results showed that solution‐blown nanofiber coatings stabilized the crack propagation and increased the delamination strength hence increased the Mode‐I fracture toughness by nearly 48% for the addition of 1 g/m2nanofibrous web. Dynamic mechanical analysis was performed to investigate the effect of nanofibers on the stiffness of materials and the homogeneity of samples. Storage modulus, loss modulus, and damping factor were calculated, and corresponding Cole‐Cole plots were drawn. DMA results showed that the stiffness of the composite sample increased up to 17% even after a minor amount (1 g/m2) of nanofiber coating.
QSR‐dissipativity of feedback interconnection of switched nonlinear systems under communication constraints
Authors: Cao Zhengbao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article studies QSR‐dissipativity of feedback interconnection of switched nonlinear system (SNS) via event‐triggered control. The QSR‐dissipativity property of a SNS is characterized by multiple storage functions and multiple supply rates, and the storage functions are allowed to increase at switching instants. All subsystems are allowed to be not QSR‐dissipative while a switching rule can read QSR‐dissipativity of the switched system. An output‐based event‐triggered control scheme is proposed to guarantee QSR‐dissipativity of feedback interconnection of switched systems possessing QSR‐dissipativity. In addition, Zeno behavior is excluded and the maximum number of triggers in any switching interval composed by two adjacent switching instants is estimated. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the validity of the results.
Resilience of dual steel‐dual frame buildings in seismic areas
Authors: Dubina Dan , Dinu Florea , Stratan Aurel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractResilience has many components, but two are of importance when structural systems are envisaged, i.e. the capacity to resist the hazard, or robustness, and the ability to recover from the hazard. So, the structure may sustain structural damage, but collapse should be avoided. Moreover, the damages are repairable, such that the initial functionality is recovered.In terms of structural mechanics, a robust structure is associated with a good balance between stiffness, strength, and plastic deformation capacity. As a result, it is expected that alternative routes are available for redistributing the loads and prevent the progressive collapse in case of a local damage. The seismic design codes in force today aim at these objectives by applying the capacity design method and using relevant admissibility criteria. However, there are exceptional situations when the earthquakes are more powerful than expected, and even the structures correctly designed can be at risk. The situation can be worsened by cascading hazards, like fire or explosion. When safety margins are exceeded, partial or global collapse can be initiated. The reliability demands of building structures at high seismic risk need to be considered to increase the resilience. One such approach is based on the so‐called Dual Steel‐Dual Frame concept, which combines steel grades and structural systems to increase the capacity of response and reduce the consequences of extreme hazards.
circZFR regulates thyroid cancer progression by the miR‐16/MAPK1 axis
Authors: Xiong Hui , Yu Huimei , Jia Guangwei , Yu Jinsong , Su Yang , Zhang Jianliang , Zhou Jin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPrevious studies have identified the dysregulation of various circRNAs in many types of human cancers including thyroid cancer (TC). Circular RNA ZFR (circZFR) serves as an oncogenic circRNA in TC. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of circZFR in TC progression remains to be further explored. CircZFR and miR‐16 expressions in TC cells were analyzed through qRT‐PCR. Cell viability, invasion, and apoptosis were detected using CCK‐8, transwell invasion assay, and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The relationship between circZFR and miR‐16 was explored using luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull‐down assay, and qRT‐PCR. The relationship between miR‐16 and mitogen‐activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) was explored using luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis. Results showed that circZFR was upregulated and miR‐16 was downregulated in TC cells. CircZFR knockdown inhibited the viability and invasion and induced apoptosis in TC cells. CircZFR inhibited miR‐16 expression by sponging miR‐16 and miR‐16 repressed MAPK1 expression by targeting MAPK1. Moreover, circZFR positively regulated MAPK1 expression in TC cells by serving as a ceRNA of miR‐16. Mechanistically, circZFR knockdown‐induced inhibition of cell viability and invasion and promotion of apoptosis were overturned after miR‐16 downregulation and promotion of MAPK1. Collectively, circZFR knockdown retarded TC progression by sponging miR‐16 and modulating MAPK1 expression.
Accuracy of health‐related information regarding COVID‐19 on Twitter during a global pandemic
Authors: Swetland Sarah B. , Rothrock Ava N. , Andris Halle , Davis Bennett , Nguyen Linh , Davis Phil , Rothrock Steven G. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study was performed to analyze the accuracy of health‐related information on Twitter during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Authors queried Twitter on three dates for information regarding COVID‐19 and five terms (cure, emergency or emergency room, prevent or prevention, treat or treatments, vitamins or supplements) assessing the first 25 results with health‐related information. Tweets were authoritative if written by governments, hospitals, or physicians. Two physicians assessed each tweet for accuracy. Metrics were compared between accurate and inaccurate tweets usingχ2analysis and Mann–WhitneyU. A total of 25.4% of tweets were inaccurate. Accurate tweets were more likely written by Twitter authenticated authors (49.8% vs. 20.9%, 28.9% difference, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.7–38.2) with accurate tweet authors having more followers (19,491 vs. 7346; 3446 difference, 95% CI: 234–14,054) versus inaccurate tweet authors. Likes, retweets, tweet length, botometer scores, writing grade level, and rank order did not differ between accurate and inaccurate tweets. We found 1/4 of health‐related COVID‐19 tweets inaccurate indicating that the public should not rely on COVID‐19 health information written on Twitter. Ideally, improved government regulatory authority, public/private industry oversight, independent fact‐checking, and artificial intelligence algorithms are needed to ensure inaccurate information on Twitter is removed.
Delayed diagnosed trauma in severely injured patients despite guidelines-oriented emergency room treatment: there is still a risk
Authors: Suda Arnold J. , Baran Kristine , Brunnemer Suna , Köck Manuela , Obertacke Udo , Eschmann David 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Emergency trauma room treatment follows established algorithms such as ATLS®. Nevertheless, there are injuries that are not immediately recognized here. The aim of this study was to evaluate the residual risk for manifesting life-threatening injuries despite strict adherence to trauma room guidelines, which is different to missed injuries that describe recognizable injuries.

Methods
In a retrospective study, we included 2694 consecutive patients admitted to the emergency trauma room of one single level I trauma center between 2016 and 2019. In accordance with the trauma room algorithm, primary and secondary survey, trauma whole-body CT scan, eFAST, and tertiary survey were performed. Patients who needed emergency surgery during their hospital stay for additional injury found after guidelines-oriented emergency trauma room treatment were analyzed.

Results
In seven patients (0.26%; mean age 50.4 years, range 18–90; mean ISS 39.7, range 34–50), a life-threatening injury occurred in the further course: one epidural bleeding (13 h after tertiary survey) and six abdominal hollow organ injuries (range 5.5 h–4 days after tertiary survey). Two patients (0.07% overall) with abdominal injury died. The “number needed to fail” was 385 (95%–CI 0.0010–0.0053).

Conclusion
Our study reveals a remaining risk for delayed diagnosis of potentially lethal injuries despite accurate emergency trauma room algorithms. In other words, there were missed injuries that could have been identified using this algorithm but were missed due to other reasons. Continuous clinical and instrument-based examinations should, therefore, not be neglected after completion of the tertiary survey.

Level of evidence
Level II: Development of diagnostic criteria on the basis of consecutive patients (with universally applied reference “gold” standard).
SARS-CoV-2-Übertragungswege und Implikationen für den Selbst- und Fremdschutz
Authors: Oh Djin-Ye , Böttcher Sindy , Kröger Stefan , von Kleist Max 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungDie weltweite Ausbreitung des Coronavirus SARS-CoV‑2 hat Gesundheits‑, Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftssysteme massiv in Mitleidenschaft gezogen. Obwohl mittlerweile effektive Impfstoffe zur Verfügung stehen, ist es wahrscheinlich, dass der Erreger endemisch wird und uns noch über Jahre begleitet. Um andere und sich selbst möglichst effektiv vor einer SARS-CoV-2-Infektion zu schützen, ist ein Verständnis der Übertragungswege von größter Wichtigkeit.In dieser Übersichtsarbeit erläutern wir Übertragungswege im Hinblick auf den Fremd- und Eigenschutz. Darüber hinaus gehen wir auf die Charakteristika der SARS-CoV-2-Übertragung auf Populationsebene ein. Diese Arbeit soll helfen, folgende Fragen anhand der verfügbaren Literatur zu beantworten: Wann und wie lange ist eine infizierte Person kontagiös (ansteckungsfähig)? Wie wird das Virus ausgeschieden? Wie wird das Virus aufgenommen? Wie verbreitet sich das Virus in der Gesellschaft?Die Mensch-zu-Mensch-Übertragung von SARS-CoV‑2 wird in starkem Maße durch die biologischen Erregereigenschaften, einschließlich der Infektions‑, Replikations- und Ausscheidungskinetik, bestimmt. SARS-CoV‑2 wird hauptsächlich über humane Aerosole übertragen, die von infizierten Personen ausgeschieden werden, auch wenn Erkrankungssymptome (noch) nicht vorliegen. Hieraus resultiert ein relevanter Anteil prä- bzw. asymptomatischer Transmissionen. In geschlossenen Räumen erfolgen Übertragungen besonders effektiv. Die meisten infizierten Personen rufen eine geringe Zahl von Sekundärfällen hervor, während wenige Fälle (sog. Superspreader) zu vielen Folgeinfektionen führen – auf Populationsebene spricht man hier von einer „Überdispersion“. Die besonderen Merkmale von SARS-CoV‑2 (asymptomatische Aerosolübertragung und Überdispersion) machen die Pandemie schwer kontrollierbar.
The technology, economy, and environmental sustainability of isotropic superfinishing applied to electron-beam melted Ti-6Al-4V components
Authors: Atzeni Eleonora , Catalano Angioletta R. , Priarone Paolo C. , Salmi Alessandro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) processes allow complex geometries to be produced with enhanced functionality, but technological challenges still have to be dealt with, in terms of surface finish and achieved tolerances. Among the consolidated powder-bed fusion processes, electron beam melting (EBM), which allows almost stress-free parts to be manufactured with a high productivity and minimum use of support structures, suffers from a poor surface quality. Thus, finishing processes have to be performed. The same geometrical complexity, which is considered one of the benefits of AM, becomes an issue when finishing is applied, in particular when internal features are present. Unconventional isotropic superfinishing processes could be a solution to this problem since they can generate a low surface roughness on complex geometries. However, the performance characteristics, with regard to the environmental sustainability and economic aspects, need to be evaluated since they are key factors that must be considered for decision-support tools when selecting a finishing process. The technological feasibility of the isotropic superfinishing (ISF) process, applied to Ti-6Al-4V parts produced by electron beam melting, is investigated in this paper by considering the dimensional and geometrical deviations induced by the finishing treatment, and from observations of the surface morphology. A significant reduction in surface roughness, Sa, to around 4 μm, has been observed on the most irregular surfaces, although the original shape is maintained. Environmental sustainability has been analyzed for all the manufacturing steps, from powder production to part fabrication, to the finishing process, and both the cumulative energy demand and material waste have been accounted for. The economic impact of the whole manufacturing chain has been evaluated, and the advantages of the ISF process are pointed out.
Textbook Outcome Following Liver Transplantation
Authors: Lim Chetana , Llado Laura , Salloum Chady , Ramos Emilio , Lopez‐Dominguez Josefina , Cachero Alba , Fabregat Joan , Azoulay Daniel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundTextbook outcome (TBO) is a patient‐oriented composite criterion achieved when all desired main health outcomes are realized. The aim was to assess the incidence and the independent factors associated with TBO following LT.MethodsThis bicentric study included all patients who underwent their first elective liver‐only LT between 2011 and 2015. TBO occurred when all the following criteria were fulfilled: no mortality within 90 days, no major complications within 90 days, no reintervention within 90 days (liver graft biopsy, radiological, endoscopic or surgical interventions, or retransplantation), no prolonged intensive care unit stay, and no prolonged hospital stay. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify factors associated with TBO and to assess whether TBO is an independent factor associated with patient and graft survival.ResultsThe study population included 530 patients. TBO occurred in 176/530 (33%) patients. Independent factors associated with TBO included the balance of risk score, the use of an intraoperative temporary portacaval shunt, and duration of the operation. TBO was identified as an independent factor associated with graft survival but not patient survival.ConclusionsTBO might be implemented in the patient–doctor decision‐making regarding whether to proceed with LT and in the reporting of patient‐level hospital performance related to LT.
Respiratory anomalies associated with gadoxetate disodium and gadoterate meglumine: compressed sensing MRI revealing physiologic phenomena during the entire injection cycle
Authors: Glessgen Carl Guillaume , Breit Hanns-Christian , Block Tobias Kai , Merkle Elmar Max , Heye Tobias , Boll Daniel Tobias 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives
The goal of this study was to investigate the precise timeline of respiratory events occurring after the administration of two gadolinium-based contrast agents, gadoxetate disodium and gadoterate meglumine.

Materials and methods
This retrospective study examined 497 patients subject to hepatobiliary imaging using the GRASP MRI technique (TR/TE = 4/2 ms; ST = 2.5 mm; 384 × 384 mm). Imaging was performed after administration of gadoxetate (N = 338) and gadoterate (N = 159). All GRASP datasets were reconstructed using a temporal resolution of 1 s. Four regions-of-interest (ROIs) were placed in the liver dome, the right and left cardiac ventricle, and abdominal aorta detecting liver displacement and increasing vascular signal intensities over time. Changes in hepatic intensity reflected respiratory dynamics in temporal correlation to the vascular contrast bolus.

Results
In total, 216 (67%) and 41 (28%) patients presented with transient respiratory motion after administration of gadoxetate and gadoterate, respectively. The mean duration from start to acme of the respiratory episode was similar (p = 0.4) between gadoxetate (6.0 s) and gadoterate (5.6 s). Its mean onset in reference to contrast arrival in the right ventricle differed significantly (p < 0.001) between gadoxetate (15.3s) and gadoterate (1.8 s), analogously to peak inspiration timepoint in reference to the aortic enhancement arrival (gadoxetate: 0.9s after, gadoterate: 11.2 s before aortic enhancement, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The timepoint of occurrence of transient respiratory anomalies associated with gadoxetate disodium and gadoterate meglumine differs significantly between both contrast agents while the duration of the event remains similar.

Key Points
• Transient respiratory anomalies following the administration of gadoterate meglumine occurred during a time period usually not acquired in MR imaging.
• Transient respiratory anomalies following the administration of gadoxetate disodium occurred around the initiation of arterial phase imaging.
• The estimated duration of respiratory events was similar between both contrast agents.