bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-energy resummed distributions for the inclusive Higgs-plus-jet production at the LHC
Authors: Celiberto Francesco G. , Ivanov Dmitry Yu. , Mohammed Mohammed M. A. , Papa Alessandro 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe inclusive hadroproduction of a Higgs boson and of a jet, featuring large transverse momenta and well separated in rapidity, is proposed as a novel probe channel for the manifestation of the Balitsky–Fadin–Kuraev–Lipatov (BFKL) dynamics. Using the standard BFKL approach, with partial inclusion of next-to-leading order effects, predictions are presented for azimuthal Higgs-jet correlations and other observables, to be possibly compared with experimental analyses at the LHC and with theoretical predictions obtained in different schemes.
An Intratumoral Aneurysm and an Extrarenal Synchronous Cystic Tumour in a Case of a Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: De Silva Supun , De Silva Lalani , De Silva Susantha , Amarathunga Priyani 
Published: April 2021

Background. Renal cell carcinoma is a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors originating from the kidney. We report a case of a renal cell carcinoma with two very rare associates, i.e., a large intratumoral aneurysm and a synchronous extrarenal cystic tumor outside the main tumor. Case Presentation. A 31-year-old woman, who presented with painless hematuria and loin pain, was diagnosed to have a large renal mass measuring

15
×
9
×
8.5

cm with an intralesional arterial aneurysm measuring

4.5
×
3.5

cm on radiological examination. During surgery, a separate cystic tumor measuring

5
×
4.5
×
4

cm with distinct vascular supply was noted anteromedial to the kidney, in addition to the renal mass. The histology of the main tumor was compatible with t(6:11) type microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiT) family translocation RCC. The aneurysm was of venous origin histologically, and a radiologically demonstrable arteriovenous fistula was recognized retrospectively. The extrarenal cyst has also showed similar histology to that of main tumor and had no evidence of a degenerated lymph node. Discussion. Although few cases were reported with various vascular anomalies associated with a renal tumor, this is the first ever case to find an arteriovenous fistula with a secondary venous aneurysm located inside a malignant renal mass. Similarly, no solid RCC is reported to present with an extrarenal malignant cystic nodule. The prognostic and oncological significance of the extrarenal malignant cyst is unclear. Both of these extraordinary features of this case were not properly identified on preoperative imaging. Reviewing the preoperative imaging when pathology reports are available helps to overcome difficulties in making the final diagnosis of complex cases. Conclusion. RCCs can house vascular anomalies like arteriovenous fistula and venous aneurysms and can exist with concomitant extrarenal malignant cystic nodules.
Urinary Cotinine and Cotinine + Trans-3′-Hydroxycotinine (TNE-2) Cut-points for Distinguishing Tobacco Use from Nonuse in the United States: PATH Study (2013–2014)
Authors: Edwards Kathryn C. , Naz Tasmia , Stanton Cassandra A. , Goniewicz Maciej L. , Hatsukami Dorothy K. , Smith Danielle M. , Wang Lanqing , Villanti Andrea , Pearson Jennifer , Blount Benjamin C. , Bansal-Travers Maansi , Feng June , Niaura Raymond , Manderski Michelle T. Bover , Sosnoff Connie S. , Delnevo Cristine D. , Duffy Kara , Del Valle-Pinero Arseima Y. , Rostron Brian L. , Everard Colm , Kimmel Heather L. , van Bemmel Dana M. , Hyland Andrew 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Determine the overall, sex-, and racially/ethnically-appropriate population-level cotinine and total nicotine equivalents (TNE-2, the molar sum of the two major nicotine metabolites) cut-points to distinguish tobacco users from nonusers across multiple definitions of use (e.g., exclusive vs. polytobacco, and daily vs. non-daily).

Methods:
Using Wave 1 (2013–2014) of the U.S. Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, we conducted weighted Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine the optimal urinary cotinine and TNE-2 cut-points, stratified by sex and race/ethnicity.

Results:
For past 30-day exclusive cigarette users, the cotinine cut-point that distinguished them from nonusers was 40.5 ng/mL, with considerable variation by sex (male: 22.2 ng/mL; female: 43.1 ng/mL) and between racial/ethnic groups (non-Hispanic other: 5.2 ng/mL; non-Hispanic black: 297.0 ng/mL). A similar, but attenuated, pattern emerged when assessing polytobacco cigarette users (overall cut-point = 39.1 ng/mL, range = 5.5 ng/mL–80.4 ng/mL) and any tobacco users (overall cut-point = 39.1 ng/mL, range = 4.8 ng/mL–40.0 ng/mL). Using TNE-2, which is less impacted by racial differences in nicotine metabolism, produced a comparable pattern of results although reduced the range magnitude.

Conclusions:
Because of similar frequency of cigarette use among polytobacco users, overall cut-points for exclusive cigarette use were not substantially different from cut-points that included polytobacco cigarette use or any tobacco use. Results revealed important differences in sex and race/ethnicity appropriate cut-points when evaluating tobacco use status and established novel urinary TNE-2 cut-points.

Impact:
These cut-points may be used for biochemical verification of self-reported tobacco use in epidemiologic studies and clinical trials.
Role of DNA Repair Variants and Diagnostic Radiology Exams in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Two Case–Control Studies
Authors: Zidane Monia , Truong Thérèse , Lesueur Fabienne , Xhaard Constance , Cordina-Duverger Emilie , Boland Anne , Blanché Hélène , Ory Catherine , Chevillard Sylvie , Deleuze Jean-François , Souchard Vincent , Ren Yan , Zemmache Mohammed Zakarya , Canale Sandra , Borson-Chazot Françoise , Schvartz Claire , Mariné Barjoan Eugènia , Guizard Anne-Valérie , Laurent-Puig Pierre , Mulot Claire , Guibon Julie , Karimi Mojgan , Schlumberger Martin , Adjadj Elizabeth , Rubino Carole , Guenel Pascal , Cazier Jean-Baptiste , de Vathaire Florent 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground:Given the increased use and diversity of diagnostic procedures, it is important to understand genetic susceptibility to radiation-induced thyroid cancer.Methods:On the basis of self-declared diagnostic radiology examination records in addition to existing literature, we estimated the radiation dose delivered to the thyroid gland from diagnostic procedures during childhood and adulthood in two case–control studies conducted in France. A total of 1,071 differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) cases and 1,188 controls from the combined studies were genotyped using a custom-made Illumina OncoArray DNA chip. We focused our analysis on variants in genes involved in DNA damage response and repair pathways, representing a total of 5,817 SNPs in 571 genes. We estimated the OR per milli-Gray (OR/mGy) of the radiation dose delivered to the thyroid gland using conditional logistic regression. We then used an unconditional logistic regression model to assess the association between DNA repair gene variants and DTC risk. We performed a meta-analysis of the two studies.Results:The OR/mGy was 1.02 (95% confidence interval, 1.00–1.03). We found significant associations between DTC and rs7164173 in CHD2 (P = 5.79 × 10−5), rs6067822 in NFATc2 (P = 9.26 × 10−5), rs1059394 and rs699517 both in ENOSF1/THYS, rs12702628 in RPA3, and an interaction between rs7068306 in MGMT and thyroid radiation doses (P = 3.40 × 10−4).Conclusions:Our results suggest a role for variants in CDH2, NFATc2, ENOSF1/THYS, RPA3, and MGMT in DTC risk.Impact:CDH2, NFATc2, ENOSF1/THYS, and RPA3 have not previously been shown to be associated with DTC risk.
Dietary Patterns of Insulinemia, Inflammation and Glycemia, and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: Findings from the Women's Health Initiative
Authors: Jin Qi , Hart Phil A. , Shi Ni , Joseph Joshua J. , Donneyong Macarius , Conwell Darwin L. , Clinton Steven K. , Cruz-Monserrate Zobeida , Brasky Theodore M. , Tinker Lesley F. , Liu Simin , Shadyab Aladdin H. , Thomson Cynthia A. , Qi Lihong , Rohan Thomas , Tabung Fred K. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Pancreatic cancer risk is increasing in countries with high consumption of Western dietary patterns and rising obesity rates. We examined the hypothesis that specific dietary patterns reflecting hyperinsulinemia (empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia; EDIH), systemic inflammation (empirical dietary inflammatory pattern; EDIP), and postprandial glycemia [glycemic index (GI); glycemic load (GL)] are associated with pancreatic cancer risk, including the potential modifying role of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and body mass index (BMI).

Methods:
We calculated dietary scores from baseline (1993–1998) food frequency questionnaires among 129,241 women, 50–79 years-old in the Women's Health Initiative. We used multivariable-adjusted Cox regression to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for pancreatic cancer risk.

Results:
During a median 19.9 years of follow-up, 850 pancreatic cancer cases were diagnosed. We observed no association between dietary scores and pancreatic cancer risk overall. However, risk was elevated among participants with longstanding T2D (present &gt;3 years before pancreatic cancer diagnosis) for EDIH. For each 1 SD increment in dietary score, the HRs (95% CIs) were: EDIH, 1.33 (1.06–1.66); EDIP, 1.26 (0.98–1.63); GI, 1.26 (0.96–1.67); and GL, 1.23 (0.96–1.57); although interactions were not significant (all Pinteraction &gt;0.05). Separately, we observed inverse associations between GI [0.86 (0.76–0.96), Pinteraction = 0.0068] and GL [0.83 (0.73–0.93), Pinteraction = 0.0075], with pancreatic cancer risk among normal-weight women.

Conclusions:
We observed no overall association between the dietary patterns evaluated and pancreatic cancer risk, although women with T2D appeared to have greater cancer risk.

Impact:
The elevated risk for hyperinsulinemic diets among women with longstanding T2D and the inverse association among normal-weight women warrant further examination.
Endogenous Progestogens and Colorectal Cancer Risk among Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Michels Kara A. , Geczik Ashley M. , Bauer Doug C. , Brinton Louise A. , Buist Diana S.M. , Cauley Jane A. , Dallal Cher M. , Falk Roni T. , Hue Trisha F. , Lacey James V. , LaCroix Andrea Z. , Tice Jeffrey A. , Xu Xia , Trabert Britton 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground:The role of progestogens in colorectal cancer development is poorly characterized. To address this, our group developed a highly sensitive assay to measure concentrations of seven markers of endogenous progestogen metabolism among postmenopausal women.Methods:The markers were measured in baseline serum collected from postmenopausal women in a case-cohort study within the breast and bone follow-up to the fracture intervention trial (B∼FIT). We followed women not using exogenous hormones at baseline (1992–1993) for up to 12 years: 187 women with incident colorectal cancer diagnosed during follow-up and a subcohort of 495 women selected on strata of age and clinical center. We used adjusted Cox regression models with robust variance to estimate risk for colorectal cancer [hazard ratios (HR), 95% confidence intervals (CI)].Results:High concentrations of pregnenolone and progesterone were not associated with colorectal cancer [quintile(Q)5 versus Q1: pregnenolone HR, 0.71, 95% CI, 0.40–1.25; progesterone HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.71–2.22]. A trend of increasing risk was suggested, but statistically imprecise across quintiles of 17-hydroxypregnenolone (Q2 to Q5 HRs, 0.75–1.44; Ptrend, 0.06).Conclusions:We used sensitive and reliable assays to measure multiple circulating markers of progestogen metabolism. Progestogens were generally unassociated with colorectal cancer risk in postmenopausal women.Impact:Our findings are consistent with most prior research on circulating endogenous sex hormones, which taken together suggest that sex hormones may not be major drivers of colorectal carcinogenesis in postmenopausal women.
Randomized Trial of Etelcalcetide for Cardiac Hypertrophy in Hemodialysis
Authors: Dörr Katharina , Kammer Michael , Reindl-Schwaighofer Roman , Lorenz Matthias , Prikoszovich Thomas , Marculescu Rodrig , Beitzke Dietrich , Wielandner Alice , Erben Reinhold G. , Oberbauer Rainer 
Published: April 2021

Rationale:
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease and increases their risk of cardiac events and mortality. FGF23 (fibroblast growth factor 23) and parathyroid hormone levels, which are associated with the development of LVH, rise progressively with declining renal function.

Objectives:
To determine whether FGF23 suppression by calcimimetic therapy may reduce LVH progression in comparison to FGF23 elevation under vitamin D analogs at equal parathyroid hormone suppression under either therapy as well as tight volume control.

Methods and Results:

We conducted a single-blinded trial with 1:1 block randomization to investigate the effect of the intravenous treatment with etelcalcetide versus alfacalcidol on LVH progression in 62 maintenance hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism and LVH. In the intention-to-treat analysis of 59 patients, the mean difference in the change of left ventricular mass index determined by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging from baseline to 12 months of treatment was −6.9 g/m
2
(95% CI, −12.6 to −1.2,
P
=0.022) in the etelcalcetide compared with the alfacalcidol group. The effect estimate was −8.2 g/m
2
(95% CI, −14 to −2.4) in the per-protocol analysis on 52 patients. The trajectories of parathyroid hormone, phosphate, and αKlotho were similar in both groups throughout follow-up. FGF23 levels, which showed a strong positive association with left ventricular mass index, were decreasing under etelcalcetide and increasing under alfacalcidol at similar parathyroid hormone suppression.

Mild hypocalcemia was the most common adverse event under etelcalcetide. Blood pressure and the distribution of antihypertensive medications were similar between groups.

Conclusions:
In this trial, we were able to show that FGF23 suppression by etelcalcetide inhibited the progression of LVH compared with alfacalcidol in hemodialysis patients. A successful prevention of increasing hypertrophy may reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death in this population.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03182699.
Decade‐Long Nationwide Trends and Disparities in Use of Comfort Care Interventions for Patients With Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Chu Kristie M. , Jones Erica M. , Meeks Jennifer R. , Pan Alan P. , Agarwal Kathryn L. , Taffet George E. , Vahidy Farhaan S. 
Published: April 2021

Background
Stroke remains one of the leading causes of disability and death in the United States. We characterized 10‐year nationwide trends in use of comfort care interventions (CCIs) among patients with ischemic stroke, particularly pertaining to acute thrombolytic therapy with intravenous tissue‐type plasminogen activator and endovascular thrombectomy, and describe in‐hospital outcomes and costs.

Methods and Results

We analyzed the National Inpatient Sample from 2006 to 2015 and identified adult patients with ischemic stroke with or without thrombolytic therapy and CCIs using validated
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision
(
ICD‐9
)
codes. We report adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI of CCI usage across five 2‐year periods. Of 4 249 201 ischemic stroke encounters, 3.8% had CCI use. CCI use increased over time (adjusted OR, 4.80; 95% CI, 4.15–5.55) regardless of acute treatment type. Advanced age, female sex, White race, non‐Medicare insurance, higher income, disease severity, comorbidity burden, and discharge from non‐northeastern teaching hospitals were independently associated with receiving CCIs. In the fully adjusted model, thrombolytic therapy and endovascular thrombectomy, respectively, conferred a 6% and 10% greater likelihood of receiving CCIs. Among CCI users, there was a significant decline in in‐hospital mortality compared with all other dispositions over time (adjusted OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.38–0.56). Despite longer length of stay, CCI hospitalizations incurred 16% lower adjusted costs.

Conclusions
CCI use among patients with ischemic stroke has increased regardless of acute treatment type. Nonetheless, considerable disparities persist. Closing the disparities gap and optimizing access, outcomes, and costs for CCIs among patients with stroke are important avenues for further research.
Structure and Agency in Historical Materialism: A Response to Knafo and Teschke
Authors: Post Charles 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This essay argues that Knafo and Teschke fundamentally misread Brenner’s original contribution to the transition debate. They equate his rejection of trans-historical or trans-modal laws of motion with the notion that social-property relations do not have strong rules of reproduction that structure the actions of agents and give rise to ‘developmental patterns’ specific to each form of social labour. Knafo and Teschke’s critique of Brenner’s analysis of capitalist expansion and crisis is also theoretically and empirically questionable.
The Polar Radiant Energy in the Far Infrared Experiment: A New Perspective on Polar Longwave Energy Exchanges
Authors: L’Ecuyer Tristan S. , Drouin Brian J. , Anheuser James , Grames Meredith , Henderson David S. , Huang Xianglei , Kahn Brian H. , Kay Jennifer E. , Lim Boon H. , Mateling Marian , Merrelli Aronne , Miller Nathaniel B. , Padmanabhan Sharmila , Peterson Colten , Schlegel Nicole-Jeanne , White Mary L. , Xie Yan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEarth’s climate is strongly influenced by energy deficits at the poles that emit more thermal energy than they receive from the sun. Energy exchanges between the surface and atmosphere influence the local environment while heat transport from lower latitudes drives midlatitude atmospheric and oceanic circulations. In the Arctic, in particular, local energy imbalances induce strong seasonality in surface–atmosphere heat exchanges and an acute sensitivity to forced climate variations. Despite these important local and global influences, the largest contributions to the polar atmospheric and surface energy budgets have not been fully characterized. The spectral variation of far-infrared radiation that makes up 60% of polar thermal emission has never been systematically measured impeding progress toward consensus in predicted rates of Arctic warming, sea ice decline, and ice sheet melt. Enabled by recent advances in sensor miniaturization and CubeSat technology, the Polar Radiant Energy in the Far Infrared Experiment (PREFIRE) mission will document, for the first time, the spectral, spatial, and temporal variations of polar far-infrared emission. Selected under NASA’s Earth Ventures Instrument (EVI) program, PREFIRE will utilize new lightweight, low-power, ambient temperature detectors capable of measuring at wavelengths up to 50 μm to quantify Earth’s far-infrared spectrum. Estimates of spectral surface emissivity, water vapor, cloud properties, and the atmospheric greenhouse effect derived from these measurements offer the potential to advance our understanding of the factors that modulate thermal fluxes in the cold, dry conditions characteristic of the polar regions.
Testing for trends on a regional scale: Beyond local significance
Authors: Huth Radan , Dubrovský Martin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractStudies detecting trends in climate elements typically concentrate on their local significance, ignoring the question on whether the significant local trends may or may not have occurred due to chance. The present paper fills this gap by examining several approaches to detecting statistical significance of trends defined on a grid, that is on a regional scale. To this end, we introduce a novel simple procedure of significance testing, which is based on counting signs of local trends (sign test), and compare it with five other approaches to testing collective significance of trends (counting, extended Mann-Kendall, Walker, fdr, and regression tests). Synthetic data are used to construct null distributions of trend statistics, to determine critical values of the tests, and to assess the performance of tests in terms of type II error. For lower values of spatial and temporal autocorrelations, the sign test and extended Mann-Kendall test perform slightly better than the counting test; these three tests outperform Walker, fdr, and regression tests by quite a wide margin. For high autocorrelations, which is a more realistic case, all tests become similar in their performance, with the exception of the regression test, which performs somewhat worse. Some tests cannot be used under specific conditions because of their construction: Walker and fdr tests for high temporal autocorrelations; sign test under high spatial autocorrelations.
Exploring the Assimilation of ATMS Cloud Retrieval Products and its Benefits for CrIS All-sky Radiance Simulations
Authors: Li Xin , Zou Xiaolei , Zeng Mingjian , Wang Ning , Tang Fei 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimed at improving all-sky Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) radiance assimilation, this study explores the benefits for CrIS all-sky radiance simulations, focusing on the accuracy of background cloud information, through assimilating cloud liquid water path (LWP), ice water path (IWP), and rain water path (RWP) data retrieved from the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS). The Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM), which considers cloud scattering and absorption processes, is applied to simulate CrIS radiances. The Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation ensemble-variational data assimilation (DA) is updated by incorporating ensemble covariances of hydrometeor variables and observation operators of LWP, IWP, and RWP. First, two DA experiments named DActrl and DAcwp are conducted with (DAcwp) and without (DActrl) assimilating ATMS LWP, IWP, and RWP data. Assimilating ATMS cloud retrieval data results in better spatial distributions of hydrometers for both a Meiyu rainfall case and a typhoon case. Analyses of DActrl and DAcwp are then used as input to the CRTM to generate CrIS all-sky radiance simulations SMallsky_DActrl and SMallsky_DAcwp, respectively. Improvements in the DAcwp analyses of hydrometeor variables are found to benefit CrIS radiance simulations, especially in cloudy regions. A long period of statistics reveals that the biases and standard deviations of all-sky observations minus simulations from SMallsky_DAcwp are notably smaller than those from SMallsky_DActrl. This pilot study suggests the potential benefit of combining the use of microwave cloud retrieval products for all-sky infrared DA.