bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing and building an information system for food distributor companies
Authors: Hasugian Ivo Andika , Vandrick  , Dewi Evita , Inggrid Fionna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Business developments demanded food distributor XYZ Company to change the management of data from manually recording to computerized. Company information data is stored on the computer so that the company can manage data effectively and quickly. The analysis is conducted on the company’s data flow system and is depicted with the Data Flow Diagram. The data object relationships in the company are pointed through the Entity Relationship Diagram. The development of programming applications for companies is done on Windows platforms based on visuals and graphics. Identification of the registration of goods in the company’s old system and presented with images and proposals covering the performance, information, economy, control, efficiency, and service sections of the company’s old systems. The expected result of this research is that companies can obtain a more convenient data recording system, reduce errors in the data recording process. This application is expected to facilitate the reprocessing of sales and purchase data at food distributor companies.
The methodology of aggregate planning on lamp production based on transportation model
Authors: Rizkya I , Sari R M , Syahputri K , Siregar I 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Production planning is an activity related to determining what to produce, how many to make, and what resources are needed to get a product determination. The problem faced by an industry makes lamp is the delay in orders leads time, lack of production capacity. This because the company only consider the regular capacity and overtime without other strategies consideration. This paper will look for a strategy combination to minimize production costs. The land transportation model is used to compile an aggregate plan that will considers regular ability, overtime, inventory, and subcontract. The total production cost for the next six months is IDR 218.046.000. By adding a source of demand order through a subcontract, the company does not experience loss sales twice and does not bear the cost of lost sales of IDR 15.540.000.
Consumers affection analysis of chocolate product using Kansei Engineering
Authors: Wahyuni Dini , Sembiring Meilita Tryana , Hadi M. Zaky , Budiman Irwan , Fan Kevin , Adhinata Kevin , Nasution Harmein 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Research on consumer affection is done to chocolate bar product. Every consumer has different comments on a product depending on the taste experience they once had, known as Kansei words. In this research, consumer’s Kansei was captured through interviews and social media, also identified by consumer temperament type using Temperament application. The results showed that more complete of consumer affection, detail and technical to become design elements, obtained through interviews while the use of social media is able to reach more comprehensive respondent. Temperament types need to be considered in product design to be more suitable with the wishes of consumers.
The effect of industrial waste on the water quality of Padang River in the industrial area of Tebing Tinggi
Authors: Irvan  , Rajagukguk Y , Wahyuningsih H , Nabilah Y 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Padang River is one of the rivers in Tebing Tinggi Municipality which is used as a source of raw water used by local water supply company (LWSC) Tirta Bulian, Tebing Tinggi. This river flows through residential areas, factories and sand dredging. With this activity, the waste is immediately disposed of into the water body, causing a negative impact on the quality of its waters. This study aims to analyze the quality of Padang River water in the industrial segment as a result of the influence of the pollution load by industrial wastewater with indicators of BOD, COD, TSS, DO, temperature and pH. The research method used descriptive analysis with a quantitative approach to the condition of river water quality. Wastewater generated from the activities of the three industries contributed to the potential actual pollution load of the Padang River in the form of BOD, COD and TSS values of 6.9 kg/day, 19.19 kg/day and 6.11 kg/day, respectively. The existence of a fairly large difference in discharge between the rainy and dry seasons also affects the water quality of the Padang River. In general, water quality during the rainy season is better than during the dry season.
A review: Hybrid model simulation in representing forestry conditions
Authors: Sembiring Nurhayati , Napitupulu Humala Lodewijk , Sembiring Meilita Tryana , Sipahutar Aulia Ishak 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe forestry and plantation system is an integration of several very complex and dynamic sub-systems. The integration is created due to the interaction of several factors that can affect the productivity of forestry and plantations. The method used in research is to analyze the prior literature that has been selected for discussion and evaluation. Every previous research result will be collected and studied, analyzed, determined, and finally evaluated to get the necessary conclusions. The results of the analysis and evaluation of the research show that the hybrid simulation model can to represent various factors that affect the productivity of forestry and plantations. So it can be concluded that the hybrid simulation method helps the management of forestry and plantations in understanding the processes and interactions between sub-systems that occur within the forest and garden systems studied by observing the many influential variable inputs.
Effect number of blades on the performance of h-Darrieus wind turbine with NACA 0018 air foil
Authors: Sibagariang Yogie P , Hamdani Wahyu , Kishinami Koki , Ambarita Himsar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Wind energy is renewable energy and can be used as an alternative energy source. To harvest wind energy, wind turbines are used. The low power coefficient of the vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is one of its drawbacks. To overcome this, numerical research was carried out using a variation of the blade on NACA 0018. CFD-Fluent use in this research with turbulent model k – epsilon. The number of blades 3, 4, 5, and 6 each tested at a tip speed ratio of 1.8. The result of the simulation is plotted and discussed as contour velocity, the maximum power coefficient obtained at the number blades 5 is 0.589.
Analysis of biomass energy in wasted fruit bunches and palm skins
Authors: Immanuel Sibarani Michael Fritz , Siregarl Yulianta , Suherman  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The biomass energy has advantages, such as low-cost production, friendly electricity supply, no damage to the ecosystem, and efficient. Base on the advantage, we have focus research discusses the energy of the palm oil factory and waste fruit bunches. The kernel bark from palm oil to be the biomass energy source, and then to fill the shortage of electrical energy sources. The Biomass uses a combustion process to produces hot steam, so it drives the steam turbine and generates electrical energy. The fresh fruit bunches and palm kernel shells are resized and the water content made dried in the biomass is reduced. Furthermore, the biomass is fed into the boiler and produces electrical energy for generates a power unit. The energy produced varies depending on the size of the biomass and the biomass drying process. The deficiency of electrical energy can be added from biomass energy to supply electrical energy.
Economic analysis of biomass briquettes from septic tank
Authors: Irvan  , Lubis M F , Matondang N , Nabilah Y 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The aim of this research is to utilize slack waste into charcoal briquettes as an environmentally friendly alternative energy and minimize slack waste. The process for making briquettes is by adding polyacrylamide type adhesives with a variation of the material: adhesive ratio of 5:2 and 2:1 respectively on the slack charcoal that has been crushed, then formed into a cylinder with a press tool with pressure 85 and 105 kg/cm2. Furthermore, drying is done in an oven with a temperature of 150°C with a variation of 1.5 and 2 hours drying time. From the results of the economic analysis it was found that the business of making stool briquettes with a capacity of 300 kg/day is feasible to run, where from the business a profit of Rp. 547,029,828/year where the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Break Event Point (BEP) were Rp. 203,510,791; 21.59%; and 26.08% respectively which requires 24.41 tons of briquettes to be returned in capital in around 11.34 months with an income of Rp. 183,075,000.
Financial analysis of raw material supply chain for power plant using renewable palm biomass
Authors: Hasibuan Sawarni , Adiyatna Hendra , Hidayati Juliza 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the level of economics of the capacity of electricity generation and the amount of raw materials required for solid waste of palm oil for the most optimal power plant. The research begins with literature studies related to the characteristics of waste oil, the structure of investment financing, operational costs and renewable energy reference price. The next stage is a field survey to choose the location as a research object, then proceed with processing and analyzing data with financial feasibility methods. Financial feasibility analysis is conducted in the case of East Kalimantan Province. PLN purchase price for East Kalimantan region is around IDR 1,450 per kWh. The result of financial feasibility analysis of the project on the 10% discount factor assumption (IDR), capital cost 2,300 USD/kW obtained NPV of IDR 329.154.609.386, IRR value of 21.57%, investment rate of 5.15 years, and generating cost of IDR 521, 41 or 3.89 cent USD/kWh. Next is the sensitivity analysis of power plant projects from renewable raw materials to changes in capital cost, O/M cost, calorific value and price of raw materials of palm oil, electricity purchase price and capital composition.
The performance conductivity of Fe/graphene nanosheet as anode of battery
Authors: Aritonang Sri Pratiwi , Siburian Rikson , Tamrin  , Ali A M M 
Published: April 2021

AbstractResearch on performance conductivity of iron (Fe)/graphene nanosheet (GNS) as anode of batteries was carried out. This research uses an experimental laboratory method. This research aim to synthesize anode material on battery and to evaluate performance of GNS and Fe/GNS as a support material and a candidate of electrode on battery anode, respectively. GNS was synthesized by using modified Hummer’s method and Fe/GNS was prepared with impregnation method. These materials were characterized by using XRD and conductometer, respectively. The data of XRD shows a weak and broad peak on GNS (2θ = 26.0°) indicating GNS was synthesized well and on 2θ = 44.03° indicating that the Fe was deposited inside of the graphene nanosheet. The conductivity data showed that Fe 3.86%/GNS has the highest electric conductivity of Fe (102.333μS/cm) among to graphite and commercial battery anodes. Fe 5.04%/GNS has the lowest electric conductivity. Based on those data, GNS and Fe/GNS are potentially be used as an anode on battery.
Carboxymethyl cellulose synthesis from durian seed flour: The effect of sodium chloroacetate variation
Authors: Ginting MHS , Utama A , Muhammad H , Maulida  , Tambun R 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) is cellulose derivate that is soluble in water, CMC is synthesized by reacting cellulose with sodium hydroxide and chloroacetate acid or its salt. This study purpose is to see the effect of sodium chloroacetate salt in carboxymethylation reaction to the CMC degree of substitution. To test the quality of the CMC product, the analysis that is conducted in this study are: degree of substitution analysis as written in ASTM D 1439, FTIR, and SEM-EDX. The best result that is got from this study is producing the CMC with degree of substitutions of 0.42 with addition of 3 gr sodium chloroacetate salt.
Simulation of natural drying kinetics model of carrot (Daucus carota L.) on shape variation: Research from home
Authors: Haryanto B , Sinuhaji T R F , Tarigan E , Bukit R Br 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
One of the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 is the constraints of research activities at university laboratories. All kinds of activities must be limited including educational, teaching and research. At this time, there are some studies that can be done around the house or research from home. One of operation module is research on natural drying that can be done while at home where this research is very simple and only requires modest equipment. This research uses carrot samples with shapes variation. The aim of this study is to investigate the natural drying kinetics in carrot samples.
The Effect of Betel (piper betle) leaf extract as antimicrobial agent on characteristics of bioplastic based on sago starch
Authors: Nasution Halimatuddahliana , Wulandari Gita 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Betel leaf extract contains many phenolic compound such as tannin and flavonoid which have antibacterial and antifungal properties. This study aims to investigate the effect of betel leaf extract addition in bioplastic based on sago starch (Metroxylon sp.) which includes density, water absorption, functional group characterization and antimicrobial activity. The betel leaf was extracted by using the ultrasonication method with ethanol as a solvent. Then betel leaf concentrated extract is diluted using aquadest with a concentration of 2 g/100 mL (2%) to be applied as an antimicrobial agent in bioplastics. The compositions of betel leaf extract as antimicrobials were varied in bioplastics making. The results show the highest density was 1.448 g/cm3 indicated by the variation of 9% betel leaf extract. The highest water absorption percentage was shown by sample without betel leaf extract addition (0% betel leaf extract), which was 75.56%. The antibacterial activity showed that the addition of betel leaf extract to bioplastics was able to inhibit the activity of bacteria (Bacillus cereus). The best inhibition were shown in bioplastics with a variation with 9% betel leaf extract addition. However, all variation did not show their inhibition with fungal activity (Aspergillus niger).
Characteristics of bioplastics based on sago starch contain betel (piper betle) leaf extract: Effect of glycerol as plasticizer
Authors: Nasution H. , Wulandari G. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The presence of glycerol as plasticizer can improve elasticity of bioplastic. Betel (Piper betle) leaf extract contains tannin and flavonoid which both of them take a role in antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal. This study aims to investigate the effect of various glycerol as addition in bioplastic based on sago starch (Metroxylon sp.) which includes density, water absorption, and antimicrobial activity. The betel leaf extract is also added in the bioplastic to help the antimicrobial activity. The betel leaf extraction process used the ultrasonication method for 30 minutes using ethanol as a solvent. The betel leaf concentrated extract then is diluted using aquadest with a concentration of 2 g/100 mL (2%) to be applied as an antimicrobial agent in bioplastics. The results show the highest density was 1.515 g/cm3 indicated by the variation of 30% glycerol. The highest water absorption percentage was shown by samples with 30% glycerol addition which was 75,62%. The antibacterial activity showed that the addition of glycerol to bioplastics was able to inhibit the activity of bacteria (Bacillus cereus) with the best inhibition results were shown in variation with 20% glycerol. However, all variation did not show their inhibition with fungal activity (Aspergillus niger).
Reduction of organophosphate insecticide residues in agricultural product using hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents based DL-Menthol
Authors: Manurung R , Daely A Try Iddo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Agricultural products, such as tomatoe, still contain insecticide residues that are harmful to humans as well as the environment. The commonly used insecticide is the organophosphate, where the residue are poisonous to the plant environment even to humans. Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) is a new generation of nonpolar solvent from ionic solvents because it has better physical properties and solvent properties for the extraction process. In this study, DES was synthesized at 50 °C for 15 minutes with a stirring speed of 300 rpm and a molar ratio of Dl-mentol: lauric acid varied from 1: 1, 2: 1, and 3: 1. Tomatoe from agricultural product, washed with DES mixed with 200 ml aquadest and washed with running water. DES characteristics are analyzing the shape and measuring freezing point, density and viscosity. The concentration of pesticide residues was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Dimethoate insecticide removal is better using hydrophobic DES with a molar ratio of 3: 1, while the insecticide residue can be accessed reaching 46.25%. And for the Chlorpyrifos and Profenophos insecticide is better to use water, while the Chlorpyrifos and Profenophos insecticide residues can be reduced to reach 25.87% and 75.40%.
A preliminary study of corn cobs-clam shell (CCCS) biobattery
Authors: Sarah M , Hasibuan K A 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) electrolyte on the conductivity value of electrolyte paste and electrical properties of batteries such as voltage, current and power generated. The electrolyte paste in this study was prepared by mixing corn cobs powder as sources of cellulose. PVA as gelling agent, and HCl as catalyst. The best conductivity value obtained from a mixture of CaCO3electrolyte of 0.5:1 (w/v) with addition of 0.5 grams of corn cobs powder and 1 gram of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The best result of electrical properties obtained from electrolyte paste with ratio approximately 0.5:1 (w/v). Overall electrical properties resulted from this study meet properties of commercial battery.
The silica-loaded styrene-butadiene rubber in the presence of stearamide: The tensile modulus and tensile strength
Authors: Dhoni R , Ginting M , Surya I 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the influences of stearamide on the tensile modulus and strength of silica-loaded styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). The SBR was filled with precipitated silica reinforcing filler at a settled dose (thirty phr) and the stearamide was compounded into the silica-filled SBR with range doses from two to eight phr. The influences of stearamide incorporation on the tensile moduli i.e. M300 and M100, tensile strength and also breaking elongation of silica-filled SBR were studied. It was revealed that the stearamide caused pronounced affection in tensile properties of the SBR. The stearamide increased tensile strength and modulus up to a six phr of dose. The improvement in tensile moduli and strength was because of the role of stearamide as the extra plasticizing agent for the silica-filled SBR. The oily property of stearamide improved the silica dispersion and crosslinks level, respectively.
The effect of amount of hydrogen peroxide on utilization of unsaturated fatty acids from avocado seeds waste into sourcing of raw materials in the making of epoxy compounds
Authors: Sinaga Mersi Suriani , Tambun Rondang , Rahmadani Dea , Mardhiyani Fina Dina 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Epoxy compounds are compounds that contain oxygen groups that are formed by an epoxidation reaction between peroxide acid with aromatic unsaturated compounds. Epoxy compounds can be applied as stabilizers, plasticizers in PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and can be used as antioxidants in natural rubber processing, as surfactants, anti-corrosive additives in lubricating oils and pesticide raw materials. The raw material in this research is avocado seed oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of catalyst concentration, sulfuric acid, the amount of H2O2 (ml) and stirring speed (rpm) on the characteristics of epoxy compounds. In this study, the fatty acids contained in the raw material were reacted with hexane, glacial acetic acid, H2O2 with variations of 40, 50, 60 and 70 ml, sulfuric acid as a catalyst with a variations of 1.5; 2.0; and 2.5%, stirring speed with a variation of 400, 500, and 600 rpm, a reaction time of 180 minutes. The results showed that the best epoxy compound results were obtained at a catalyst concentration of 2.5%, 70 ml H2O2, reaction time of 180 minutes, and a stirring speed of 600 rpm, which obtained an oxirane oxygen content of 3.552, an iodine number of 1.269 and an oxirane oxygen conversion of 72.489%.
Simulation analysis of bio-oil from slow pyrolysis using palm empty fruit bunch
Authors: Nur T B , Yansen V , Wibowo R P 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study analyses the slow pyrolysis process of Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) from a temperature of 400-650°C in producing bio-oil in the Aspen Plus simulation. The study involves the effect of excess air for the combustion process to supply heat to be used by the pyrolysis process. From the analysis, it was found that the value of energy in the form of heat is present in high amounts if the excess air is around 40%. Heat is then used to heat the biomass, producing syngas, which then passes through a heat exchanger with a copper pipe with a length of 10 m in 200 liters of water. The bio-oil mass flow rate will decrease as the pyrolysis working temperature increased, from 0.38 kg/hour to 0.121 kg/hour, or 0.387 liters/hour to 0.124 liters/hour. The bio-oil heating value will increase with increasing pyrolysis temperature from 8713.68 J/kg to 27,130.92 J/kg, at 400 °C to 650°C, respectively. The amount of bio-oil mass-produced in the simulation compared to the yield during the experiment, and it was found that the simulation results were higher, around 39.08%. That is due to there is some bio-liquid stored at the bottom of syngas storage.
Aminopropyltriethoxy silane in natural rubber/silica composites: Torque and vulcanization properties
Authors: Philbert  , Surya I 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The performance of rubbers composites in engineering application depend on the compatibility between reinforcing fillers and rubbers. It is a concern especially when forming rubbers composites with much contrasting of polarities between the rubbers matrix and the reinforcing fillers. However, correct compatibilizer will settle the poor interactions. This study; natural rubber (NR)/precipitated silica (PSi) composites were compounded together with aminopropyltriethoxy silane (AS) as a compatibilizer. The AS is one type of silane coupling agents and it was compounded into the composites of NR/PSi with varied doses i.e. one to seven phr. It was found that the AS significantly affected the torque and vulcanization properties of the NR/PSi composites. The AS decreased the viscosity/minimal torque but raised the maximal torque and torque differentiation. It was also found that the AS increased the rate of vulcanization. The increases in the torque and vulcanization properties were presumably attributed to the enhancement in rubber to filler interactions originating from coupling bonds formation in the presence of AS as a compatibilizer. Besides, the AS also role as a plasticizer which increased the degree of filler dispersion of PSi. Therefore, the addition of AS had a considerable potential to compatibilize the non-polar NR and PSi filler.