bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and Risk Factors for Bilateral Nephrolithiasis: A Large Case-retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Xiong , Li Zhi , Qi Shiyong , Xie Linguo , Shi Qiduo , Liu Chunyu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
To determine the incidence and risk factors of bilateral kidney stones. Utilized the retrospective analysis method on demographic characteristics and clinical data of patients with renal stones in the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. Grouped patients into unilateral and bilateral renal stones according to preoperative imaging and ultrasound examination. Univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to evaluate the factors that may cause bilateral stones. The study included 7587 patients with kidney stones in total, of whom 4983 had unilateral kidney stones (including 2719 left stones and 2264 right stones), and 2604 had bilateral kidney stones (34.3%). By comparing the unilateral stones group with the bilateral stones group, the univariate analysis demonstrated that weight, body mass index (BMI), history of nephrolithiasis, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, gout, and the maximal stone diameter had statistical significance. Binary logistic regression multivariate analysis demonstrated that BMI, history of nephrolithiasis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, gout, and the maximal stone diameter were independent risk factors for bilateral urinary stones. This study shows that 34.3% of patients with kidney stones were diagnosed as having bilateral kidney stones; BMI and the maximal stone diameter are positively correlated with the incidence of bilateral kidney stones; Patients with a history of nephrolithiasis, diabetes, hypertension, and gout have a significantly higher risk of having bilateral kidney stones.
Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing and EST-SSR marker development of tiger lily (Lilium lancifolium Thunb.)
Authors: Sun Mingwei , Zhao Yilian , Shao Xiaobin , Ge Jintao , Tang Xueyan , Zhu Pengbo , Wang Jiangying , Zhao Tongli 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
It is well known that transcriptional diversity plays important roles in plant biological regulation. But for the difficulty in full-length transcripts obtainment, the available tiger lily (Lilium lancifolium Thunb) transcriptome characterization are still not complete. To improve the integrity of tiger lily transcriptome information, (SMRT PacBio single-molecule long-read sequencing technology) was employed to accomplish the whole transcriptome profiling. A total of 815,624 CCS (Circular Consensus Sequence) reads with mean length of 1,295 bp were obtained. Based on these transcripts, 61,744 reads were full-length reads containing both the 5’ primer, 3’ primer and the poly (A) tail and 3,319 EST-derived SSRs were developed from 2968 unigenes. With the obtained informative reference transcriptome,768 transcription factors and 6,852 long non-coding RNAs were identified, providing a comprehensive framework of the transcriptional regulation network. Of all the annotated transcripts, 15,608 were distributed into 25 various Clusters of euKaryotic Orthologous Groups (KOG), and 10,706 unigenes were categorized into 52 functional groups which were divided into three categories. These results would provide a comprehensive set of reference transcripts and further improve our understanding of the tiger lily transcriptomes.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes inhibit Aβ1-42 induced microglia polarization by TLR2/MYD88/NF-κB pathway
Authors: Yin Zhenyu , Guo Mengtian , Wang Dong , Han Zhaoli , Hu Tianpeng , Wang Yan , Xiong Xiangyang , Ge Xintong , Wang Lu , Zhang Shishuang , Li Dai , Zuo Yan , Zhao Jing , Yu Jinwen , Li Wenzhu , Chen Fanglian , Lei Ping 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

In recent years, more and more research evidence indicates that the causes of various neurodegeneration diseases are related to neuroinflammation in the brain, Aβ1–42 may be a key factor in the development of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, it is urgent to find an effective and targeted alleviation of neuroinflammation caused by Aβ1–42.
Methods

Our study found that exogenous administration of Aβ1–42 has a very obvious polarizing effect on microglia in the brain compared with the PBS-treated group. After the intervention of Aβ1–42, we obtained the mesenchymal stem cells derived exosome by ultracentrifugation. Microglia were treated with MSC-Exo in vivo and in vitro.
Results

The MSC-Exo were found have the effect of inhibiting microglial polarization in vivo and in vitro experiments. It was further found that its target gene was TLR2 on the surface of microglial cells to inhibit the expression of the downstream protein MYD88/NF-κB and inhibit the microglia polarization and the development of neuroinflammation.
Conclusion

MSC-Exo can significantly inhibited the Aβ1–42 induced microglia polarization by TLR2/MYD88/NF-κb pathway.
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals activated status of peripheral blood monocytes in tissue homeostasis
Authors: Lu Jiarui , Luo Junpan , Guo Junbing , Zeng Jie , Zhang Xiaolei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Osteoclasts are giant multinucleated cells responsible for bone resorption, derived from myeloid cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. Peripheral blood monocytes have increased osteoclast differentiation potential, but only a small proportion of monocytes can differentiate into osteoclasts. The characteristics of osteoclast precursors remain unknown. The aim of this study is to explore the heterogeneity of human blood monocytes from healthy donors by use of single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and infer the osteoclastogenic potential of the newly identified subsets with the bioinformatics approach analysis. In this study, magnetic cell separator was used to collect CD14+ monocytes from human peripheral blood, and scRNA-seq was applied as an unbiased analysis strategy to identify and analyze human blood monocyte subtypes at the single-cell resolution. Bioinformatics analysis was subsequently performed based on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of each cluster. Six monocyte clusters of human blood were identified, which were named of, “Initial MONO”, “Antigen presenting MONO”, “Inflamed MONO”, “Bacteriolytic MONO”, “Non-classical MONO”, and “Antivirus MONO”. Each cluster exhibited unique transcriptional profile and distinct pathway enrichments, revealing the steady-state activation of monocytes. These data provided new opportunities and insight to explore unique populations of monocytes and their different potential, and further conducive to the development of more effective anti-bone resorptive therapy.
Suppression of TRPM7 by carvacrol protects against injured spinal cord by inhibiting blood-spinal cord barrier disruption
Authors: Park Chan Sol , Lee Jee Youn , Choi Hae Young , Ju Bong Gun , Yune Tae Young 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
When the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) is disrupted after a spinal cord injury (SCI), several pathophysiological cascades occur, including inflammation and apoptotic cell death of neurons and oligodendrocytes, resulting in permanent neurological deficits. Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) is involved in the pathological processes in many neuronal diseases, including traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, parkinsonism dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, carvacrol (CAR), a TRPM7 inhibitor, is known to protect against SCI by reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting the endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway. However, the functions of TRPM7 in the regulation of BSCB homeostasis after SCI have not been examined. Here, we demonstrated that TRPM7, a calcium-mediated non-selective divalent cation channel, plays a critical role after SCI in rat. Rats were contused at T9 and given CAR (50 mg/kg) via intraperitoneally immediately and 12 hours after SCI, and then given the same dose once a day for 7 days. TRPM7 was found to be up-regulated after SCI in both in vitro and in vivo studies, and it was expressed in blood vessels alongside neurons and oligodendrocytes. Additionally, CAR treatment suppressed BSCB disruption by inhibiting the loss of TJ proteins and preserved TJ integrity. CAR also reduced apoptotic cell death and improved functional recovery after SCI by preventing BSCB disruption caused by blood infiltration and inflammatory responses. Based on these findings, we propose that blocking the TRPM7 channel can inhibit the destruction of the BSCB and it is a potential target in therapeutic drug development for use in SCI.
Bioinformatics analysis of potential common molecular pathogenesis assumed by intracranial aneurysm, aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection
Authors: Zhao Chao , Cui Xinchun , Liu Guodong , Li Jianlong , Liu Jinxing , Shang Junliang , Wang Shuai , Shi Ronghua , Wu Aihong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study is intended to find possible pathogenesis-related genetic overlap and common molecular mechanisms of intracranial aneurysm, abdominal aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection. Three mRNA microarray datasets,GSE75436 of intracranial aneurysms, GSE7084 of abdominal aortic aneurysm and GSE52093 of aortic dissection were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus and detected in silico . DEGs of these three datasets screened through GEO2R, respectively . The overlapping genes were found by Venny mapping. Subsequently, Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomespathway enrichment analysiswere performed using the DAVID database and protein-protein interaction network analyses were conducted by STRING and Cytoscape webpage tool to illustrate the molecular mechanisms in their pathogenesis and progression.This study identified 178 DEGs, including SMTN, MYH11, TAGLN, ACTG2, CNN1, MYLK, LMOD1, MYL9,VCL and ACTC1 in the the most significant module. Except for those confirmed biological processes, mesenchyme migration and platelet aggregation are common biological processes shared by genes in the most significant module and the hub genes. Focal adhesionssignaling pathway is highlighted in this analysis. The present study identified possible pathogenesis-related genetic overlap and common molecular mechanisms of intracranial aneurysm, abdominal aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection, which may contribute to their diagnosis, treatment and prognostic prediction with a systematic view.
ACO:lossless quality score compression based on adaptive coding order
Authors: Yi Niu , Mingming Ma , Fu Li , Xianming Liu , Guangming Shi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology, the cost of whole genome sequencing drops rapidly, which leads to an exponential growth of genome data. Although the compression of DNA bases has achieved signiﬁcant improvement in recent years, the compression of quality score is still challenging.Results: In this paper, by reinvestigating the inherent correlations between the quality score and the sequencing process, we propose a novel lossless quality score compressor based on adaptive coding order (ACO). The main objective of ACO is to traverse the quality score adaptively in the most correlative trajectory according to the sequencing process. By cooperating with the adaptive arithmetic coding and context modeling, ACO achieves the state-of-the-art quality score compression performances with moderate complexity.Conclusions: The competence enables ACO to serve as a candidate tool for quality score compression, ACO has been employed by AVS(Audio Video coding Standard Workgroup of China) and is freely available at https://github.com/Yoniming/code.
The Potentials of Calotropis procera against Filarial Elephantiasis: An in- silico approach
Authors: Mohan Aswin , Shaji Shanitha , P Sunitha , Naisam Shahanas , Sreeku Nidhin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis is one of the major diseases that belong to the category of neglected tropical illness. Filarial nematodes are the cause of the disease and are transmitted to humans via blood-feeding arthropod vectors. Drugs such as Albendazole, Ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine are administered either individually or in combination to overcome the progress of the lymphatic filariasis. However, these drugs have some disadvantages like temporary hair loss, dizziness, nausea etc. The filarial parasites have multifunctional proteins including the Glutathione-s-transferase (GST) enzyme which plays a major role in detoxification of endogenous electrophilic compounds. This study aims at the identification of a natural molecule that has the potential to bind with the GST enzyme and thus interrupt the detoxification process within the filarial parasite, Brugia malayi. A medicinal plant Calotropis procera, owing to its anthelmintic properties was searched for the presence of potential phytocompounds. The phytocompounds were docked against the homology modeled GST enzyme using the MOE software. The results were screened and analyzed based on the Lipinski rule of 5. N-octanoate was the phytocompound obtained based on molecular docking, subjected to molecular dynamics. These results require further in vitro and in vivo validation to consider n-octanoate as a potential drug candidate for lymphatic filariasis treatment.
The Role of SST in Explaining the Economic Growth of Indian Ocean Countries
Authors: Park Gil H. , Kim Da-Yeong , Kug Jong-Seong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Although the concern for the socio-economic effect of climate change has recently increased, its effect on sectoral GDP growth has rarely been researched especially regarding the transcontinental, mid-range area that consists mostly of developing countries like the Indian Ocean countries. Since this area shares an overall similar climate condition represented by the highest temperature as well as economic condition where most of them have experienced lagged economic growth amidst the fastest population growth, such effect will become more critical as their economies consist more heavily of climate-vulnerable sectors. Thus, we analyzed it by two level, e.g., aggregate and sectoral GDP levels. Utilizing both empirical orthogonal and regression functions, we found that the anomalies of GDP significantly decrease when local temperature, which shows high positive correlations with the Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperature (IOSST) index, increases anomalously. In addition, this trend has been getting stronger recently as local and sea surface temperatures have overall risen. Most importantly, the highest sensitivity to climate change was shown in the service sector, as hypothesized in light of previous studies on the low-skilled and non-tradable service areas with higher adaptation deficit to climate change. We call this tested hypothesis “ climate-vulnerable service expansion. ”
Risk Factors for Running Away in Iranian Youth Girls: A Cross- Sectional Study
Authors: Taremian Farhad , Moloodi Reza , Karimian Soudabeh , Farid Habibollah Masoudi , Noroozi Mehdi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThis study explored the risk factors associated with running away behavior in Iranian youth girls.MethodThis cross-sectional study recruited Ninety-five runaway youth girls, and 135 control group girls. They responded several self-report measures that assess sociodemographic characteristics, family economic status, strength of family, religious identification, life time substance use, physical, emotional, and sexual abuse, self-esteem, coping styles, self-esteem, and depression.ResultsGirls who came from low income families, and moderate income families had significantly higher odds to run away than girls belonged to high income families. Girls who had a history of illicit drugs use had higher odds to run away from home. Moreover, low level of family strength, and low level of religious beliefs significantly predicted running away from home.ConclusionFindings suggest that family economic status, substance use, family relationship, and individual low level of religious beliefs appear to be key factors to understanding running away from home among Iranian adolescent girls.
WiImage: Fine-grained Human Imaging from Commodity WiFi
Authors: Zhang Shengkai , Liu Gaoyang , YU Keping , Wan Shaohua 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Privacy-preserving wireless-based human imaging

technologies attract much attention in academia and industry.

They can serve in surveillance, security inspection, and health

monitoring, while preventing the privacy leakage from current

camera-based surveillance system. However, previous solutions

either requires dedicated hardware or costly infrastructure deployment, which hurts their practicality. In this paper, we propose

WiImage, a low-cost, instantly-deployed sensing system that can

capture a fine-grained human image and infer his contour using

ubiquitous WiFi. WiImage is free of pre-training or placing any

marker on a user’s body. WiImage consists of two technical

components. First, a lightweight multipath resolution algorithm

exploit the spatial and temporal correlation of WiFi packets

to address the multipath and extract reflected signals from a

human body. Second, an imaging algorithm infers the contour of

a human from WiFi reflections. We prototype WiImage using offthe-shelf WiFi chips and conduct experiments in several typical

indoor settings. The results show that WiImage can recover

a representative human figure and use it to identify the user

precisely.
A Modification of Cell-Lysis for High-Quality Intact RNA of Bacillus Subtilis Extracted From the Culture Under Different Physiological Stages
Authors: Jaiaue Phetcharat , Srimong Piroonporn , Thitiprasert Sitanan , Tanasupawat Somboon , Cheirsilp Benjamas , Assabumrungrat Suttichai , Thongchul Nuttha 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
High quality RNA products from bacterial cells are required for the molecular study. Sample preparation to acquire the high-quality RNA especially the Gram-positive bacteria like Bacillus sp., the model organism, remains a critical burden toward the integration of full molecular downstream analyses although several methods have been proposed including conventional or kit-based protocols. Those techniques were simply developed using the cell samples at certain growth stages unless some molecular studies require RNA samples gathered under different physiological stages of growth and process conditions. Herein, we developed the simple yet effective cell-lysis technique prior to RNA extraction by modifying the commercial kit-based protocols. Bacillus subtilis TL7-3 was used as the model organism in this study. Lysozyme loading (20 mg/mL) as well as the incubation time (30 min) and temperature (37 °C) was responsible for cell lysis and increased RNA concentration in the samples. Invert mixing rather than centrifugation and vortexing prevented RNA damage during protein precipitation by absolute ethanol. This was confirmed by the RNA Integrity Number (RIN) values greater than 8.0 of all RNA extracted from both vegetative cells and endospores of B. subtilis TL7-3. Additionally, absolute ethanol is preferable to our less-than-1-h protocol for protein precipitation as indicated from the higher ratios of A260/A280 and those of A260/A230 of the RNA products than 2.0 and 2.1, respectively. From the findings mentioned above, we successfully developed the modified RNA extraction protocol applicable for the intact cells of Gram-positive bacteria like Bacillus sp. at varied physiological and morphological stages.
Biomolecular Interaction, Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities of Organometallic Re(I) Complexes with 5-(2-butyl-5-chloro-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-1,3-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole
Authors: Varma Reena R. , Pandya Juhee G. , Vaidya Foram U. , Pathak Chandramani , Dhaduk Milan P. , Dabhi Ravi A. , Bhatt Bhupesh S. , Patel Mohan N. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Organometallic rhenium(I) complexes (I-VI) using substituted 5-(2-butyl-5-chloro-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-1,3-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole have been synthesized and characterised by spectroscopic method. For evaluation of HOMO-LUMO energy gap, estimation of bond angle, bond length data and Mulliken charge analysis DFT studies were performed. The complexes (I-VI) can be generated by bis-heterocyclic ligand followed by metal chelation. The interactions between synthesised compounds and double stranded DNA (HS DNA) was carried out by viscosity measurements, absorption titration, and gel electrophoresis gives information about modes of binding and the nucleolytic efficiency of compounds. Groove binding was suggested as the most possible mode and the DNA-binding (Kb) constants of the complexes were calculated. Electronic spectra and conductivity measurement confirm the different transition, and non-electrolytic nature of the metal complexes. Thermodynamic parameter ΔG0 value ranging from -7227.0 to -9463.0 J/moleoK. According to the thermodynamic parameter, the main binding force could be judged. In vivo and In vitro cytotoxicity against the eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells gives toxic nature of the synthesised compounds. An antimicrobial study was carried out by estimating MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) against two Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria. All compounds found effective against S. cerevisiae which is confirmed by enhancing ROS production and DNA damage show by gel electrophoresis as compared to untreated yeast cell culture and DMSO.
Antimicrobial Activity of Bacteria Isolated From the Rhizosphere and Phyllosphere of Avena Fatua and Brachiaria Reptans Growing in Heavy-Metal Polluted Environment
Authors: Ali Muskan , Walait Sadia , Haque Muhammad Farhan Ul , Mukhtar Salma 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Environmental pollution especially heavy metal contaminated soils adversely affect the microbial communities associated with the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of plants growing in these areas. In the current study, we identified and characterized the rhizospheric and phyllospheric bacterial strains from Avena fatua and Brachiaria reptans with the potential for antimicrobial activity and heavy metal resistance. A total of 18 bacterial strains from the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of A. fatua and 19 bacterial strains from the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of B. reptans were identified based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Bacterial genera, including Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas and Enterobacter were dominant in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of A. fatua and Bacillus, Marinobacter, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and Kocuria were the dominating bacterial genera from the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of B. reptans. Most of the bacterial strains were resistant to heavy metals (Cd, Pb and Cr) and showed antimicrobial activity against different pathogenic bacterial strains. The whole genome sequence analysis of Pseudomonas putida BR-PH17 was performed by using Illumina sequencing approach. The BR-PH17 genome contained a chromosome with size of 5774330 bp and a plasmid DNA with 80360 bp. In this genome, about 5368 predicted protein coding sequences with 5539 total genes, 22 rRNAs and 75 tRNA genes were identified. Functional analysis of chromosomal and plasmid DNA revealed a variety of enzymes and proteins involved in antibiotic resistance and biodegradation of complex organic pollutants. These results indicated that bacterial strains identified in this study could be utilized for bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils and as a novel source of antimicrobial drugs.