bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A dislocation model for the Fairview Peak, Nevada, earthquake
Authors: Savage J. C. , Hastie L. M. 
Published: July 2021

abstract
Maruyama's equations have been used to calculate both vertical and horizontal surface displacements for a Volterra dislocation in a uniform half space. The shape of the dislocation surface is assumed to be a plane rectangle. A least-squares procedure has been used to determine the dislocation surface which best fits the geodetic data for the Fairview Peak, Nevada, earthquake of December 16, 1954. The best model strikes N9°E, has a total length of 50 km, a width of 8. ± 2. km, a dip of 57° ± 6°, and a fault displacement of 2.3 ± 0.4 m normal dip slip and 2.9 ± 0.4 m dextral strike slip. The width of the model is probably somewhat less than the true width of the fault, but the other parameters appear to be quite reasonable. The N9°E strike of the model is thought to be more realistic than the N4°W to N11°W strikes indicated by nodal-plane solutions. It appears that the Dixie Valley earthquake of December 16, 1954 was associated with normal slip on a fault plane parallel to, but offset from, the fault plane of the Fairview Peak earthquake.
Seismicity off the coast of Northern California determined from ocean bottom seismic measurements
Authors: Auld Bruce , Latham Gary , Nowroozi Ali , Seeber Leonardo 
Published: July 2021

abstractApproximately 190 local earthquakes (Δ &lt; 4°) with suboceanic epicenters have been recorded over a 14-month period by the Ocean Bottom Geophysical Station of the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory. The station is located 200 km west-northwest of San Francisco and 220 km south of the Mendocino Fracture Zone at a water depth of 3.9 km. Most of the observed earthquakes are spatially related to the Mendocino fracture system. Only 20 per cent of the earthquakes recorded at the ocean bottom station were observed at an equidistant land station at Point Arena, California. P and S phases detected at the ocean bottom bottom have greater amplitudes and higher frequencies than the same phases recorded at the nearby land station. This is ascribed to a combination of near-receiver crustal resonance effects and attenuation on transmission across the continental/oceanic interface. Observations of Sn and epicentral locations support the hypothesis that the Mendocino fracture system is a transform fault. Phases converted from P to S at the base of the sediment layer beneath the ocean bottom station are used to compute the average shear-wave velocity and thickness of the sediment layer. The resulting values are 0.34-0.40 km/sec for the average shear velocity and a sediment thickness of 0.78-0.88 km. A phase tentatively identified as the False S of Byerly is observed on records from a coastal land station, but is not observed on the ocean bottom records.
Rayleigh waves in Southern New Guinea
Authors: Brooks J. A. 
Published: July 2021

abstract
A profile to 300 km beneath the southern New Guinea shield region reveals lower average shear velocities than beneath the Canadian Shield and slightly lower than the Gutenberg model. Disparity with Brune and Dorman's CANSD profile is greatest (0.3 km/sec) immediately beneath the Moho, but persists to more than 200 km depth and is interpreted to mean that upper mantle mineralogy beneath southern New Guinea differs from that beneath the Canadian shield.
The numerical inversion technique of Dorman and Ewing was employed in a combined reduction of fundamental and first higher Rayleigh mode “single-station” phase velocities after isolating the approximate value of initial source phase using group velocities as a reference.
Average crustal thickness, from fundamental mode data alone, is 33 ± 1 km over about 1500 km of southern New Guinea path, a figure consistent with an average Poisson's Ratio for the crust of 0.23 to 0.32.
Effects of thin soft layers on body waves
Authors: Landers Tom , Claerbout Jon F. 
Published: July 2021

abstract
The inability of simple layered models to fit both Rayleigh wave and Love wave data has led to the proposal of an upper mantle interleaved with thin soft horizontal layers. Since surface-wave dispersion is not sensitive to the distribution of soft material but only to the fraction of soft material a variety of models is possible. The solution to this indeterminancy is found through body-wave analysis. It is shown that body waves are dispersed according to the thinness and softness of the layers. Three models, each of which satisfy all surface-wave data, are examined. Transmission seismograms calculated for these models show one to be impossible, one improbable and the other possible. Synthesis of the seismograms is accomplished through the use of time domain theory as the complicated frequency response of the models makes a frequency oriented Haskell-Thompson approach impractical.
Free oscillation observations through 1968
Authors: Derr John S. 
Published: July 2021

abstractAll observations of the free oscillations of the Earth published through 1968 are weighted to produce a set of means and standard errors of the means. Fundamental orders 0 to 97 for spheroidal and 2 to 99 for torsional are treated, as well as many overtones up to order 49. Statistical tests indicate that some observations are path dependent at the 99 per cent confidence level. Comparison of these means and standard errors with published Earth models indicate that they form a consistent basis for inversion of free oscillation observations to infer Earth structures.
Transient and residual strains from large underground explosions
Authors: Smith Stewart W. , Archambeau Charles B. , Gile William 
Published: July 2021

abstract
Tectonic strain readjustments associated with large underground explosions have been observed at the Nevada Test Site. The Benham event of December 19, 1968 produced a peak quasi-static radial strain of 1.2 × 10−7 at a distance of 29 km. This strain transient was followed by an exponential return to the initial state with a time constant of 13 minutes, and is interpreted as the direct elastic response of the medium to a time varying pressure in the Benham cavity. An upper bound on the tectonic strain release was determined to be 0.7 × 10−8. Using these measurements it is estimated that the permanent and quasi-static strains associated with this explosion could significantly effect local earthquake occurrences out to distances of about 15 km. The size distribution of aftershocks of this explosion resembles that seen in model experiments of brittle fracture, in which the distribution is controlled by the dimensions of inhomogeneities in the medium.
Amplitude and frequency characteristics of elastic wave types generated by the underground nuclear detonation, Boxcar
Authors: Hays W. W. 
Published: July 2021

abstract
Elastic wave types generated by the Boxcar underground nuclear detonation were identified and analyzed to determine their amplitude and frequency characteristics as a function of distance. The amplitude characteristics of the identified wave types were determined to vary with source to recording station distance and frequency. Within each body wave subset, the refracted wave amplitude decays most rapidly and the reflected wave amplitude least rapidly with distance. Fourier amplitude spectra of the P, S, and surface wave time windows exhibit maxima which occur at different spectral frequencies for stations on rock, ranging from a dominant frequency of about 0.8 Hz for the P-wave window to about 0.25 Hz for the surface wave window. The frequency of the maximum amplitude of each of the three wave mode window spectral sets is essentially unaffected by increase in propagation distance over the distance range 22.2-79.1 km.
Response spectra for Pahute Mesa nuclear events
Authors: Lynch Robert D. 
Published: July 2021

abstractEmpirical equations for the prediction of pseudo-relative velocity response spectra (PSRV) are obtained from ground motions recorded at 64 seismic stations from 11 nuclear events detonated on Pahute Mesa at the Nevada Test Site (NTS). The spectra are related to the yield of the nuclear device and the distance between the source and receiver by multiple regression analysis. Exponents on yield and distance are derived at 40 separate periods in the period range from 0.05 to 2.469 seconds. Families of predicted mean PSRV curves are included to show the spectral development as a function of yield and distance.
Seismic energy efficiency of underground nuclear detonations
Authors: Mueller R. A. 
Published: July 2021

abstract
The amount of energy going into the formation of elastic waves in the far field radiation zone was determined for the underground nuclear explosions Boxcar, Benham, Salmon, Schooner, Shoal and Sterling. The method is based on Sharpe's spherically symmetric model. The analytical solution of Sharpe's problem is developed into an energy equation and applied to the experimental results. The results obtained in this manner are in the same range found by other investigators. A basic conclusion is that seismic energy efficiency appears to be significantly lower for cratering events than for contained events.
Acomparative study on the effect of cross legged sitting with flat feet sitting position on blood pressure reading among normotensive young adults in selected college, Guwahati, Assam
Authors: Kumari Sujata , Jayalakshmi M 
Published: July 2021

Blood pressure(BP) measurement is a basic clinical procedure and perhaps the most frequently performed clinical procedure in any health care setting, it strongly depends both on the number of measurements and the body position during the procedure. Many important therapeutic decisions rely on the accuracy of assessment ,Unfortunately , blood pressure measurement is one of the most inaccurately performed procedure done by healthcare provider. Inspire of studies having shown that many errors are made while recording BP, crucial decisions about treatment are made based on these inaccurate measurements. Efforts have continuously been made to standardize the procedure, but remain difficult to reach a consensus among different official guidelines for BP measurementA comparative study on the effect of cross legged sitting with flat feet sitting position on blood pressure reading among normotensive young adults in selected college, Guwahati, Assam. Army Institute of Nursing ,C/O- 151 Base Hospital, Basistha, Guwahati, Assam. Descriptive comparative design.A descriptive comparative design was adopted for the study ,sixty normotensive young adults were selected using purposive sampling technique from the selected college of Guwahati, Assam. The data was collected by a questionnaire and blood pressure measurements were documented.Automated sphygmomanometer (OMRON HEM -8712 ,SERIAL NO 20190604417VG). The measurement was taken 5 minutes elapse before the first reading and then one minute gap between next three readings in flat feet and cross legs at knee level. The data were analysed using percentage, frequency, mean, SD Statistical significance was set at p&#60;.05.The data were coded and organized in a master sheet and were analyzed by using the SPSS Version 24. Total of sixty normotensive young adults were included in the BP measurements taken from flat feet sitting position and cross-legged sitting position and results indicates systolic blood pressure increases significantly (p&#60;.05)with the cross-legged sitting position.Cross legged sitting position can affect systolic blood pressure reading significantly among normotensive young adults.
Successful management of status epilepticus with yoga prana vidya healing as a complementary therapy: A case study of atypical febrile seizure
Authors: Nanduri Venkata Satyanarayana , Khatri Rajkumari 
Published: July 2021

: Epilepsy is one of the most common disorders of the nervous system and affects people of all ages, races, and ethnic backgrounds, and seen more commonly in children. Atypical febrile seizure with Status epilepticus is a disorder known for significant morbidity and mortality. Despite newer antiepileptic drugs, 30 % of subjects are refractory to the conventional treatment with a risk of recurrence and neuro-developmental disorder. This paper presents one such case of a child handled successfully by Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) Energy healing complementarily to conventional therapy. This is a prospective case study of a 2-month-old infant, an emergency case of atypical febrile seizures with status epilepticus, where YPV Healing intervention was done from the beginning while admitting doctors had given a guarded prognosis. This case study reports the normal physical, mental & psychological development of the subject following YPV Healing with 3-year follow up, and the subject was observed to be normal without any recurrence of the disease or neuro-developmental abnormality.: Although the use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) has been evaluated globally, there are few studies available on the use of Energy healing in various ailments. YPV Healing has been emerging as an effective modality of treatment for various physical, psychological ailments without any side effects. It can be effectively used from distance even without physically examining the subject. It has been used as a complementary or alternative modality of treatment in some severe life-threatening emergency conditions, and further studies may be conducted with appropriate sample sizes.
The Association of Kinetic Variables with Blastocyst Development and Ploidy Status
Authors: Pennetta Francesca , Lagalla Cristina , Sciajno Raffaella , Tarozzi Nicoletta , Nadalini Marco , Zacà Carlotta , Coticchio Giovanni , Borini Andrea 
Published: July 2021

Background: Despite a plethora of studies conducted so far, a debate is still unresolved as to whether TLM can identify predictive kinetic biomarkers or algorithms universally applicable. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate if there is a relationship between kinetic variables and ploidy status of human embryos or blastocyst developmental potential.
Methods: For conducting this retrospective cohort study, the normal distribution of data was verified using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test with the Lilliefors’ amendment and the Shapiro-Wilk test. Kinetic variables were expressed as median and quartiles (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4). Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare the median values of parameters. Univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to assess relationship between blastocyst developmental potential or ploidy status and kinetics. Several confounding factors were also assessed.
Results: Blastocyst developmental potential was positively correlated with the t4-t3 interval (s2) (OR=1.417, 95% CI of 1.288-1.560). s2 median value was significantly different between high- and low-quality blastocysts (0.50 and 1.33 hours post-insemination, hpi, respectively; p=0.003). In addition, timing of pronuclear appearance (tPNa) (OR=1.287; 95% CI of 1.131-1.463) had a significant relationship with ploidy changes. The median value of tPNa was statistically different (p=0.03) between euploid and aneuploid blastocysts (Euploid blastocysts=8.9 hpi; aneuploid blastocysts=10.3 hpi).
Conclusion: The present findings are in line with the study hypothesis that kinetic analysis may reveal associations between cleavage patterns and embryo development to the blastocyst stage and ploidy status.
Thiol-Disulphide Homoeostasis in COVID-19: Evaluation of its Relationship with Complete Blood Count Parameters
Authors: ŞEKEROĞLU Mehmet Ramazan , ÇOKLUK Erdem , YAYLACI Selcuk , ERDEM Ali Fuat , TUNCER Fatıma Betül , DHEİR Hamad , GÜÇLÜ Ertuğrul , ÖĞÜTLÜ Aziz , ÇEKİÇ Deniz , AYDIN Abdülkadir , SERİNKAN CİNEMRE Fatma Behice 
Published: July 2021

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between thiol-disulfide homoeostasis and hemogram parameters in COVID-19 patients.
Methods: Total thiol(TT), Native thiol(NT), dynamic disulfide status(DDS), DDS/NT, DDS/TT, NT/TT ratio and CBC parameters were analyzed in 68 patients with positive COVID-19 and 31 healthy individuals.
Results: TT, NT, DD, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were higher in the control group than in patient groups. TT, NT, DD and lymphocyte levels of COVID-19 patients treated in medical floor were higher than those treated in intensive care unit; WBC, neutrophil and NLR were low(P
Pengaruh Persepsi Peserta Didik Atas Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran pada Masa Pandemi dan Motivasi Terhadap Prestasi Belajar IPS di PKBM Negeri 16 Rawasari
Authors: Oktafiana Shinta 
Published: July 2021

Abstract This study aims to determine the effect of student perception’s on the use of learning media during the pandemic and the motivation towards social studies learning achievement in public PKBM 16 Rawasari . Data analysis used multiple linear regression. Respondents were all students of the Paket B. The research instrument used was a questionnaire and the results of the 2020 module 3 exam. The results of hypothesis testing obtained the following conclusions:, 1) there is a significant effect of student participation’s on the use of learning media during the pandemic and motivation together towards social studies learning achievement, 2) there is a significant effect of student perception’s on the use of learning media during the pandemic toward social studies learning achievement, and 3) there is a significant effect of motivation toward social studies achievement.Keywords: Student Perception’s on the use of learning media, motivation, and sosial studies learning achievement
Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh persepsi peserta didik atas penggunaan media pembelajaran pada masa pandemi dan motivasi terhadap prestasi belajar IPS di PKBM Negeri 16 Rawasari. Analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik program kesetaraan paket B. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah angket dan hasil ujian modul 3 tahun 2020. Hasil pengujian hipotesis diperoleh kesimpulan sebagai berikut: 1) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan persepsi siswa atas penggunaan media pembelajaran dan motivasi secara bersama-sama terhadap prestasi belajar IPS, 2) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan persepsi siswa atas penggunaan media pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar IPS, dan 3) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan motivasi terhadap prestasi belajar IPS.Kata Kunci: Persepsi Siswa atas Media Pembelajaran, Motivasi, dan prestasi belajar IPS
Construção com terra no Brasil
Authors: Caldas Lucas Rosse , Martins Adriana Paiva de Souza , Toledo Filho Romildo Dias 
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar potenciais impactos ambientais no ciclo de vida da técnica construtiva taipa de pilão, considerando diferentes configurações normalmente verificadas no Brasil. Foram avaliados três teores de cimento Portland: 5%, 10% e 15% (em massa). A metodologia de Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) foi empregada, sendo consideradas as etapas de produção e transporte dos materiais constituintes, construção e fim de vida da taipa. As diferentes configurações dos sistemas de taipa de pilão foram comparadas com alvenaria de blocos cerâmicos estruturais, de blocos de concreto estruturais e parede de concreto moldada no local. Os resultados mostraram que a taipa de pilão é mais vantajosa principalmente quando os critérios de capacidade térmica e Índice de redução sonora ponderado são utilizados na escolha da unidade funcional. A produção do cimento e da forma de madeira foram os itens que mais influenciaram nos impactos ambientais no ciclo de vida da taipa de pilão. Ao final, foi possível obter os potenciais impactos ambientais do ciclo de vida dessa técnica construtiva parametrizados pela espessura da parede e teor de cimento, sendo apresentadas equações obtidas via regressão. Foram também propostas recomendações para melhoria ambiental da taipa de pilão no Brasil.
TÜRKİYE'DE HAREKETLİ AFİŞİN ONTOLOJİSİ
Authors: KİRİŞCAN Bekir 
Published: July 2021

Grafik tasarımın en temel çalışma alanlarından birisi olan afiş, zaman ve teknolojik gelişmelerin etkisiyle, birçok tasarım mecrasında olduğu gibi, günümüzde yeni formlar ile karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu süreçte tasarımcılar, yeni teknolojik imkanları kullanarak, geleneksel basılı afişe alternatif olabilecek, hareketli, sesli veya etkileşimli bazı yeni afiş formları tasarlamaya başlamışlardır. Bu çalışma, hareketli afişin tarihi, Türkiye’de ortaya çıkış süreci ve kalıcı bir mecra olup olamayacağı ile ilgili bulgular sunmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında Türkiye’den hareketli afiş tasarımı alanında çalışma yapmış on sekiz tasarımcının görüşleri nicel yöntemler kullanılarak alınmıştır. Hareketli afiş ve afişin geleceği ile ilgili elde edilen bu veriler çekim kuramı bağlamında analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular, tasarımcıların hareketli afişi, afişin geleceğinde önemli rol oynayacak bir tasarım mecrası olarak gördüklerini desteklemektedir. Tasarımcıların büyük çoğunluğu geleneksel basılı afişin de afişin yeni dijital formlarıyla birlikte var olmaya devam edeceğini düşünmektedir. Ancak tasarlanan hareketli afişlerin arz talep oranları incelendiğinde ve bu oranlar çekim kuramı bağlamında değerlendirildiğinde, hareketli afişe talebin henüz arzın oldukça altında olduğunu göstermektedir.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN DAYA HASIL SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor [L] Moench) DENGAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK FOSFOR DI LAHAN MASAM KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN
Authors: Sihaloho Arvita Netti , Situmeang Ringkop 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh dosis pupuk TSP yang sesuai untuk beberapa varietas sorgum dan mendapatkan varietas yang dapat berproduksi tinggi di tanah masam dataran tinggi Kabupaten Simalungun. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2019 sampai Desember 2019 di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Simalungun. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF) dengan dua faktor dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama Varietas yaitu Numbu, Kawali, UPCA. Faktor kedua adalah Dosis pupuk TSP (P) yaitu 80,90 dan 100 kg/ha. Variabel yang diamati antara lain tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai), diameter batang (cm), panjang malai (cm), berat kering malai per plot (g) dan berat 1000 butir (g). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan pupuk fosfor sampai 100 kg/ha dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, panjang malai, bobot malai dan bobot 1000 butir untuk semua varietas yang digunakan. Aplikasi dosis pupuk fosfor 100kg/ha pada varietas Numbu mampu menghasilkan bobot malai 88,38 g per tanaman dan setara dengan 6 t/ha. Kata Kunci: hasil, pupuk fosfor, tanah masam, varietas sorgum