bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of time‐varying feedback controller parameters for freeway networks
Authors: Pasquale Cecilia , Sacone Simona , Siri Silvia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this work, a freeway traffic control scheme is proposed to regulate traffic in freeway networks via multi‐class ramp metering. Specifically, each controlled on‐ramp of the system adopts a feedback regulator of proportional‐integral type and is able to compute the traffic flows entering the freeway mainstream, differentiated for each class of vehicles, e.g., cars and trucks. Since a crucial aspect of proportional‐integral controllers is the tuning of parameters, in this work an optimization‐based procedure is devised to determine the controller parameters to be used in the different on‐ramps of the network, according to the detected traffic conditions. To this end, a set of representative traffic scenarios is defined and, for each scenario, an offline optimization procedure is applied to determine the optimal parameters. Then, in real time, a controller parameter selector identifies the scenario associated with the current system conditions and communicates to the local controllers the optimal parameters to be applied. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is tested in a simulative example and the main results are discussed in the paper.
Investigating the moderating role of financial development in environmental degradation in India
Authors: Dahiya Suman 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe present study investigates the moderating role of financial development in environmental degradation in India. This study uses time‐series data for a period of 46 years from 1971 to 2016 and employs an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound testing approach with two models (direct effect and moderating effect). The study reveals that economic growth and non‐renewable energy consumption are the main factors that worsen environmental quality in India while the impact of financial development on carbon emissions is negatively significant. Further, the findings of this study confirm the significant moderating effect of financial development on the impact of economic growth on carbon emissions. This study suggests that financial development can be used as a policy variable to decrease the environmental cost without hurting the economic growth in India.
Inter‐country differences in the cultural ecosystem services provided by cockles
Authors: Jackson‐Bué Mathilde , Brito Ana C. , Cabral Sara , Carss David N. , Carvalho Frederico , Chainho Paula , Ciutat Aurélie , Couñago Sanchez Elena , de Montaudouin Xavier , Fernández Otero Rosa M. , Incera Filgueira Mónica , Fitch Alice , Garbutt Angus , Goedknegt M. Anouk , Lynch Sharon A. , Mahony Kate E. , Maire Olivier , Malham Shelagh K. , Orvain Francis , Rocroy Mélanie , van der Schatte Olivier Andrew , Jones Laurence 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Coastal systems provide many cultural ecosystem services (CES) to humans. Fewer studies have focused solely on CES, while those comparing CES across countries are even rarer. In the case of shellfish, considerable ecosystem services focus has been placed on nutrient remediation, with relatively little on the cultural services provided, despite strong historical, cultural, social and economic links between shellfish and coastal communities. The ecosystem services provided by the common cockle, Cerastoderma edule, have recently been described, yet the cultural benefits from cockles remain mostly unknown.

Here, we documented the CES provided by C. edule in five maritime countries along the Atlantic coast of western Europe, classifying evidenced examples of services into an a priori framework. The high‐level classes, adapted from the Millennium Assessment and the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services, were: inspirational, sense of place, spiritual & religious, aesthetic, recreation & ecotourism, cultural heritage and educational. A further 19 sub‐classes were defined. We followed a narrative approach to draw out commonalities and differences among countries using a semi‐quantitative analysis.

Examples of CES provided by cockles were found for all classes in most countries. Cockles supply important and diverse cultural benefits to humans across Atlantic Europe, making it an ideal model species to study CES in coastal areas. Most examples were in cultural heritage, highlighting the importance of this class in comparison with classes which typically receive more attention in the literature like recreation or aesthetics. We also found that the cultural associations with cockles differed among countries, including between neighbouring countries that share a strong maritime heritage. The extent to which cultural associations were linked with the present or past also differed among countries, with stronger association with the present in southern countries and with the past in the north.

Understanding the wider benefits of cockles could deepen the recognition of this important coastal resource, and contribute to promoting sustainable management practices, through greater engagement with local communities. This study is an important step towards better integration of CES in coastal environments and could be used as a framework to study the CES of other species or ecosystems.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Study on fabric/polyurethane high strength porous composite foam: Pb2+ adsorption properties and mechanical properties
Authors: Li Ting‐Ting , Li Shuxia , Zhang Xiao , Shiu Bing‐Chiuan , Peng Hao‐Kai , Ren Hai‐Tao , Miao Chun‐Hui , Lou Ching‐Wen , Lin Jia‐Horng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, by compounding different size of polyester nonwovens and nylon nonwovens with melamine‐bentonite composite PU foam, a high‐impact polyurethane composite material with excellent mechanical strength and good adsorbability was prepared. The cellular structure and mechanical property of PU foam was influenced by the composition of two different fabrics. With the adding of fabric, the cell size is decreased and a boundary‐like structure is formed at the fabric‐foam interface. The closer to the interface, the smaller and more uneven the foam cell is. The mechanical property of the composites was improved by adding fabric. The lower density of the composite surface, the better compression resistance the material is. The compression strength of 200 g/cm2 nylon nonwovens composite PU foam was 44.01 kPa, which was 213.83% of Neat PU. The optimum adsorption conditions, such as pH, adsorption time and initial concentration were investigated. The results showed that the Pb2+ could be removed effectively by fabric composite PU foam. Langmuir model, Freundlich model and adsorption kinetics model were used to evaluate the adsorption properties of fabric‐PU foam.
Hybrid effect of carbon nano‐fillers on the interlaminar fracture toughness of fiber metal laminates
Authors: Wang Shuo , Cong Fanglin , Li Xiaodong , He Jun , Cui Xu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInterlaminar fracture failure is the dominant factor restricting the development and application of fiber metal laminates (FMLs). In the current work, the primary purpose is an assessment of the effect of the hybrid combination of graphenes (GNPs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the interlaminar performance of FMLs. The effect of different ratios (GNPs: MWCNTs = 1:1, 3:7, 7:3) of hybrid carbon nano‐fillers on the mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture strain energy release rates ( and ) of FMLs containing GNPs and MWCNTs hybrid modified epoxy matrices are studied via double cantilever beam and end notched flexure tests. Results indicate that different ratios of GNPs and MWCNTs have different effects on the mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture performance of the samples. Compared with that of the baseline material, the of hybrid modified FMLs with GNPs: MWCNTs = 7:3 is increased by 344%. By contrast, the of hybrid modified FMLs with GNPs: MWCNTs = 3:7 is increased by 82.9% relative to the baseline value. Scanning electron microscopy of the fracture surface reveals the synergistic toughening mechanism of the two hybrids.
Open‐source maximum a posteriori‐bayesian dosing AdDS to current therapeutic drug monitoring: Adapting to the era of individualized therapy
Authors: Smith Nicholas M. , Chan Arthur , Wilkinson Laura A. , Chua Hubert C. , Nguyen Thomas D. , de Souza Harriet , Shah Anant P. , D’Argenio David Z. , Mergenhagen Kari A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecent updates in the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) guidelines for vancomycin have rekindled interest in maximum a posteriori‐Bayesian (MAP‐Bayesian) estimation of patient‐specific pharmacokinetic parameters. To create a versatile infrastructure for MAP‐Bayesian dosing of vancomycin or other drugs, a freely available, R‐based software package, Advanced Dosing Solutions (AdDS), was created to facilitate clinical implementation of these improved TDM methods. The objective of this study was to utilize AdDS for pre‐ and post‐processing of data in order to streamline the therapeutic management of vancomycin in healthy and obese veterans. Patients from a local Veteran Affairs hospital were utilized to compare the process of full re‐estimation versus Bayesian updating of priors on healthy adult and obese patient populations for use with AdDS. Twenty‐four healthy veterans were utilized to train (14/24) and test (10/24) the base pharmacokinetic model of vancomycin while comparing the effects of updated and fully re‐estimated priors. This process was repeated with a total of 18 obese veterans for both training (11/18) and testing (7/18). Comparison of MAP objective function between the original and re‐estimated models for healthy adults indicated that 78.6% of the subjects in the training and 70.0% of the subjects in the testing datasets had similar or improved predictions by the re‐estimated model. For obese veterans, 81.8% of subjects in the training dataset and 85.7% of subjects in the testing dataset had similar or improved predictions. Re‐estimation of model parameters provided more significant improvements in objective function compared with Bayesian updating, which may be a useful strategy in cases where sufficient samples and subjects are available. The generation of bespoke regimens based on patient‐specific clearance and minimal sampling may improve patient care by addressing fundamental pharmacokinetic differences in healthy and obese veteran populations.
Modification of eggshell membrane to impart biospecific properties
Authors: Todorova Zornica , Nikolova Ivanka , Popova Margarita , Grozdanov Petar , Karashanova Daniela , Koseva Neli 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEggshell membrane (ESM) represents an inexpensive, environmentally friendly and nontoxic byproduct. Besides the unique mechanical properties of the material, the ESM surface is rich in functional groups susceptible to further modifications. In the current study two modification pathways were applied to enrich the ESM surface with glucopyranosyl units. One was based on the reaction of activated surface carboxylic groups with glucosamine and the other exploited the reactivity of the surface amino groups for grafting poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains bearing end glucopyranosyl and benzaldehyde moieties. The functionalization of the PEG chains with molar masses 400 and 1500 g mol−1 was evidenced from 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral data. The modified ESMs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area and the total pore volume of ESM decreased upon modification. Decoration of ESM with glucopyranosyl units imparted protein recognition properties that were tested via binding studies with concanavalin A as model lectin. Further, grafting of glucose units via PEG linkers reduced bacterial adhesion onto the membrane surface. © 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Nano‐assemblies based on biomacromolecules to overcome cancer drug resistance
Authors: Cheng Meng , Dou Hongjing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOvercoming tumor resistance is one of the major challenges encountered in cancer treatment. With the rapid development of nanotechnology in recent years, nano‐assemblies have become promising candidates due to their strong potential to overcome the drug resistance of tumors. They have a high degree of adaptability, including size and composition regulation, surface versatility and the possibility of combining multiple therapeutic approaches through a single nanoparticle platform. Among multiple self‐assembled component materials, biomacromolecules have attracted ever growing attention because of their unique molecular structures, natural biocompatibility and multifunctional properties. Herein, various mechanisms of nano‐assembly utilization overcoming cancer drug resistance are first summarized, and then the roles and research progress of typical biomacromolecules (such as polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids) in nano‐assemblies capable of overcoming cancer drug resistance are described. Finally, the potential challenges and prospects of the clinical application of biomacromolecule‐based nano‐assemblies are analyzed and discussed. © 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Molecular characterization of triple negative breast cancer formaldehyde‐fixed paraffin‐embedded samples by data‐independent acquisition proteomics
Authors: García‐Adrián Silvia , Trilla‐Fuertes Lucía , Gámez‐Pozo Angelo , Chiva Cristina , López‐Vacas Rocío , López‐Camacho Elena , Zapater‐Moros Andrea , Lumbreras‐Herrera María I. , Hardisson David , Yébenes Laura , Zamora Pilar , Sabidó Eduard , Fresno Vara Juan Ángel , Espinosa Enrique 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTriple negative breast cancer accounts for 15%–20% of all breast carcinomas and is clinically characterized by an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. Triple negative tumors do not benefit from targeted therapies, so further characterization is needed to define subgroups with potential therapeutic value. In this work, the proteomes of 125 formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded samples from patients diagnosed with non‐metastatic triple negative breast cancer were analyzed using data‐independent acquisition + in a LTQ‐Orbitrap Fusion Lumos mass spectrometer coupled to an EASY‐nLC 1000. 1206 proteins were identified in at least 66% of the samples. Hierarchical clustering, probabilistic graphical models and Significance Analysis of Microarrays were combined to characterize proteomics‐based molecular groups. Two molecular groups were defined with differences in biological processes such as glycolysis, translation and immune response. These two molecular groups showed also several differentially expressed proteins. This clinically homogenous dataset may serve to design new therapeutic strategies in the future.
Tyrosine 288 in the extracellular domain of the human P2X7 receptor is critical for receptor function revealed by structural modeling and site‐directed mutagenesis
Authors: Caseley Emily A. , Muench Stephen P. , Jiang Lin‐Hua 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is a calcium‐permeable cation channel activated by high concentrations of extracellular ATP. It plays a role in vital physiological processes, particularly in innate immunity, and is dysregulated in pathological conditions such as inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, mood disorders, and cancers. Structural modeling of the human P2X7R (hP2X7R) based on the recently available structures of the rat P2X7 receptor (rP2XR) in conjunction with molecular docking predicts the orientation of tyrosine at position 288 (Y288) in the extracellular domain to face ATP. In this short communication, we combined site‐directed mutagenesis and whole‐cell patch‐clamp recording to investigate the role of this residue in the hP2X7R function. Mutation of this extracellular residue to amino acids with different properties massively impaired current responses to both ATP and BzATP, suggesting that Y288 is important for normal receptor function. Such a finding facilitates development of an in‐depth understanding of the molecular basis of hP2X7R structure–function relationships.
Neuroligin 3 from common cutworm enhances the GABA‐induced current of recombinant SlRDL1 channel
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhang Yi‐Chi , Zhang Ke‐Xin , Jia Zhong‐Qiang , Tang Tao , Zheng Lin‐Lin , Liu Di , Zhao Chun‐Qing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDNeuroligin (NLG) protein is a nerve cell adhesion molecule and plays a key role in the precision apposition of presynaptic domains on inhibitory and excitatory synapses. Existing studies mainly focused on the function of NLG3 against the excitatory channel. However, the interaction between insect NLG3 and ionotropic GABA receptor, which is the main inhibitory channel, remains unclear. In this study, the Nlg3 of common cutworm (CCW), Spodoptera litura Fabricius, one important agricultural Lepidopteron, is selected to explore its function in the inhibitory channel.RESULTSThe SlNlg3 was obtained and the SlNLG3 contains the characteristic features including transmembrane domain, PDZ‐binding motif and type‐B carboxylesterases signature 2 motif. The SlNlg3 messenger RNA (mRNA) was most abundant in midgut, and exhibited multiple expression patterns in different developmental stages and tissues or body parts. Compared with the single injection of SlRDL1, the median effective concentration value of GABA in activating currents was smaller in Xenopus laevis oocytes co‐injected with SlRDL1 and SlNlg3. In addition, SlNlg3 could enhance the GABA‐induced current of homomeric SlRDL1 channel from −391.86 ± 15.41 to −2152.51 ± 30.09 nA. DsSlNlg3 depressed the expression level of SlNlg3 mRNA more than 64.29% at 6 h. After exposure to median lethal dose of fluralaner, the mortality of CCW injected with dsSlNlg3 was significantly decreased by 13.34% and 30.00% at 24 and 48 h, respectively, compared to injection of dsEGFP.CONCLUSIONNLG3 should have physiological function on ionotropic GABA receptor in vitro, which provided a favorable foundation for further research on the physiological function of Nlg gene in Lepidopteron. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
2,4‐D and 2,4‐D butoxyethyl ester behavior in Eurasian and hybrid watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spp.)
Authors: Ortiz Mirella F , Figueiredo Marcelo RA , Nissen Scott J , Wersal Ryan M , Ratajczyk William A , Dayan Franck E 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDHybrid watermilfoil is becoming more prevalent in many lakes where the invasive Eurasian (Myriophyllum spicatum, EWM) and native northern watermilfoil (M. sibiricum) co‐occur. These Eurasian and northern watermilfoil hybrids (HWM) grow 30% faster and in many cases are less sensitive to 2,4‐dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4‐D) than either parent. The mechanism(s) impacting 2,4‐D tolerance in these hybrids was investigated by comparing the absorption, translocation, metabolism, and desorption of two 2,4‐D formulations in EWM and HWM.RESULTS2,4‐D absorption in EWM and HWM was 5.7 and 7.9 times the external herbicide concentration determined by the plant concentration factor, a metric used to determine herbicide bioaccumulation, and 2,4‐D butoxyethyl ester absorption was 35.6 and 52.1 times the external concentration in EWM and HWM, respectively. Herbicide bioaccumulation was greater in HWM than in EWM. Herbicide translocation to HWM roots was limited at 192 HAT and herbicide desorption in HWM was slightly lower than EWM. No differences were found in herbicide metabolism between the two plant species.CONCLUSION2,4‐D resistance in HWM is not due to non‐target‐site resistance as no differences in herbicide absorption, translocation, desorption and/or metabolism were identified; therefore, target‐site resistance is the most likely resistance mechanism. More research is needed to identify the molecular basis for the 2,4‐D‐resistant trait in HWM. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
The spatial deconcentration of immigration towards non‐metropolitan areas in France (1975–2015)
Authors: Fromentin Julie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWhile the numerical growth of the immigrant population in France has been documented since the early 1990s, few studies have looked at changes in the spatial distribution of this population. Most research has emphasised immigrants' concentration in large cities and their suburbs. The present study aims to show how the spatial differentiated distribution of immigrants has changed at the national level over the past four decades in mainland France and Corsica, with analyses centred on non‐metropolitan areas. Drawing on census data at the national level between 1975 and 2015, we show that while the immigrant population has increased, it has also spread increasingly into non‐metropolitan areas. This deconcentration of the immigrant population has been accompanied by a diversification of geographical origins at the local level, suggesting joint or even linked migratory dynamics in non‐metropolitan areas.
Exposure–safety analysis of QTc interval and transaminase levels following bedaquiline administration in patients with drug‐resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Tanneau Lénaïg , Svensson Elin M. , Rossenu Stefaan , Karlsson Mats O. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBedaquiline (BDQ) has shown great value in the treatment of multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis (MDR‐TB) in recent years. However, exposure–safety relationships must be explored to extend the use of BDQ. Two reported safety findings for BDQ are prolongation of the QTc interval and elevation of transaminase levels. In this study, we investigated the potential relationships between BDQ and/or its main metabolite (M2) pharmacokinetic (PK) metrics and QTcF interval or transaminase levels in patients with MDR‐TB using the approved dose regimen. Data from 429 patients with MDR‐TB from two phase IIb studies were analyzed via nonlinear mixed‐effects modeling. Individual model‐predicted concentrations and summary PK metrics were evaluated, respectively, in the QTcF interval and transaminase level exposure–response models. Investigation of further covariate effects was performed in both models. M2 concentrations were found to be responsible for the drug‐related QTcF increase in a model accounting for circadian rhythm patterns, time on study, effect of concomitant medication with QT liability, and patient demographics. Simulations with the final model suggested that doses higher than the approved dose (leading to increased M2 concentrations) are not expected to lead to a critical QTcF interval increase. No exposure–safety relationship could be described with transaminase levels despite previous reports of higher levels in patients treated with BDQ. The developed longitudinal models characterized the role of M2 concentrations in QTc interval prolongation and found no concentration dependency for transaminase level elevation, together suggesting that BDQ exposure at the high end of the observed range may not be associated with a higher risk of safety events.