bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of neighborhood physical and crime environments with obesity-related outcomes in Jamaica
Authors: Cunningham-Myrie Colette , Theall Katherine P. , Younger-Coleman Novie , Greene Lisa-Gaye , Lyew-Ayee Parris , Wilks Rainford 
Published: April 2021

Objective
To examine whether proximity and density of public open spaces, public parks, street connectivity, and serious and violent crimes were associated with Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC) within and across levels of urbanicity, sex and socioeconomic status (SES) in Jamaica, a small island developing state (SIDS).

Methods
Secondary analysis was conducted using data from the Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey 2008 (JHLS II). All respondents were geocoded to area of residence in Enumeration Districts (EDs). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were derived and multilevel mixed effects regression models applied to 2529 participants nested within 101 EDs from all 14 parishes in Jamaica.

Results
There was significant clustering across neighborhoods for mean BMI (ICC = 4.16%) and mean WC (ICC = 4.42%). In fully adjusted models statistically significant associations included: increased mean BMI among men, with increased intersection density/ km2 (β = 0.02; 95% CI = 1.96 x10-3, 0.04, p = 0.032); increased mean WC among urban residents with increased crimes/km2/yr (β = 0.09; 95% CI = 0.03, 0.16, p<0.01) and among persons in the middle class, with further distance away from public parks (β = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.08, 0.53, p<0.01).

Conclusions
Neighborhood physical and crime environments were associated with obesity-related outcomes in Jamaica. Policymakers in SIDS such as Jamaica should also note the important differences by urbanicity, sex and SES in prevention efforts designed to stem the growing obesity epidemic.
Workplace stress and associated factors among vehicle repair workers in Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Mulugeta Hailemichael , Tamene Aiggan , Ashenafi Tesfaye , Thygerson Steven M. , Baxter Nathaniel D. 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionWorkplace stress is a public health problem worldwide. Studies focusing on work-related stress among vehicle repair workers are scarce in African countries. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of self-reported workplace stress and associated factors among vehicle repair workers in Hawassa City, South Ethiopia.Methods and findingsA cross-sectional study design was employed among 347 vehicle repair workers from January 25 to February 22, 2019. Questionnaires were administered using interviews. Additional tools were used for weight and height measurements. The main findings were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariable, and multivariable logistic regression. The strength of association of variables was presented by odds ratio along with its 95% CI. The statistical assessments were considered significant atp<0.05. A total of 344 workers participated in the study. The prevalence of workplace stress among participants was 41.6% with 95% CI: (36.3–47.1). Factors associated with workplace stress were more than 10 years of work experience [AOR: 2.40; 95% CI (1.29–4.50)], work-related musculoskeletal disorder [AOR: 3.39; 95% CI (1.99–5.78)], squatting and lying work posture [AOR: 4.63; 95% CI (1.61–13.3)] and servicing large vehicles [AOR: 1.96; 95% CI (1.14–3.38)].Conclusion and recommendationsThis study showed that the overall prevalence of work-related stress was substantially high. The independently associated factors were workers’ service years, symptoms of body pain, and the work environment. Preventive measures need to be implemented in vehicle repair workshops by focusing on work environment improvements.
Evaluation of the Abbott BinaxNOW rapid antigen test for SARS-CoV-2 infection in children: Implications for screening in a school setting
Authors: Sood Neeraj , Shetgiri Rashmi , Rodriguez Anna , Jimenez Dianna , Treminino Sonia , Daflos Amanda , Simon Paul 
Published: April 2021

Background
Rapid antigen tests hold much promise for use in the school environment. However, the performance of these tests in non-clinical settings and among one of the main target populations in schools—asymptomatic children—is unclear. To address this gap, we examined the positive and negative concordance between the BinaxNOW™ rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen assay and an RT-PCR test among children at a community-based Covid-19 testing site.

Methods
We conducted rapid antigen (BinaxNOW™) and oral fluid RT-PCR (Curative Labs) tests on children presenting at a walk-up testing site in Los Angeles County from November 25, 2020 to December 9, 2020. Positive concordance was determined as the fraction of RT-PCR positive participants that were also antigen positive. Negative concordance was determined as the fraction of RT-PCR negative participants that were also antigen negative. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the association between positive or negative concordance and participant age, race-ethnicity, sex at birth, symptoms and Ct values.

Results
226 children tested positive on RT-PCR; 127 children or 56.2% (95% CI: 49.5% to 62.8%) of these also tested positive on the rapid antigen test. Positive concordance was higher among symptomatic children (64.4%; 95% CI: 53.4% to 74.4%) compared to asymptomatic children (51.1%; 95% CI: 42.5% to 59.7%). Positive concordance was negatively associated with Ct values and was 93.8% (95% CI: 69.8% to 99.8%) for children with Ct values less than or equal to 25. 548 children tested negative on RT-PCR; 539 or 98.4% (95% CI: 96.9% to 99.2%) of these also tested negative on the rapid antigen test. Negative concordance was higher among asymptomatic children.

Conclusions
Rapid antigen testing can successfully identify most COVID infections in children with viral load levels likely to be infectious. Serial rapid testing may help compensate for limited sensitivity in early infection.
O poder e as representações de quem tem posse:
Authors: Santos Márcio Achtschin 
Published: April 2021

Construções de representações estão diretamente vinculados ao contexto vivido por determinadas comunidades. O objetivo desse estudo é analisar a relação entre a construção do mito em torno de Teófilo Benedicto Ottoni com os produtores rurais do Vale do Mucuri, nordeste de Minas Gerais, entre os anos de 1890 e 1950. O Mucuri sofreu um processo de colonização tendo sua produção em grande escala baseada na produção do café e, posteriormente, na pecuária. O agrego foi a principal mão-de-obra das médias e grandes propriedades rurais, utilizada para o desmatamento ininterrupto em benefício da lavoura e do pasto. Essas atividades gerou riqueza para os proprietários rurais, mas não estimulava investimentos tecnológicos típico do modelo capitalista, trazendo através da imprensa uma representação da região ambígua, coexistindo prosperidade e ruína. Esta coexistência entre representações dúbias possibilitava construções no imaginário da elite rural favoráveis ao surgimento de representações que aglutinava esse antagonismo. Pode-se apontar como resultado da pesquisa que através do personagem Teófilo Ottoni construiu-se o mito no qual incorporava essa contradição entre o desenvolvimento e o atraso, a imagem do bandeirante moderno.
The road to Porongos:
Authors: Leitman Spencer L. 
Published: April 2021

The Porongos defeat over the secessionist rebels on November 14, 1844, militarily and politically solidified the barão de Caxias’ coming victory, which would end the longest rebellion in Brazilian history, the Farroupilha, 1835-1845. Most of the encounters to come were small, mopping-up and surveillance actions, except for one, at Arroio Grande, just two weeks after Porongos. Suspiciously, the targets of both these assaults were the libertos, slaves the rebels had seized from their provincial loyalist neighbors, and whom they armed and ostensibly freed. Before Porongos, Caxias and the farrapo general Canabarro had arrived at the same conclusion: in order to have peace, conciliation, and a return to Imperial order, the rebels needed proof that their cause was lost. The best and most convenient solution led Caxias and Canabarro to use Black losses to show the war was no longer winnable, and to defang them as a future menace. When Canabarro assembled what was the last great rebel army on the Cerro do Porongos, liberto soldiers comprised its very core. On that November morning, approximately 35% of Canabarro’s troops were either killed, wounded, or captured. Nearly all those who died or were taken prisoner came from the ranks of the liberto infantry. If the many mysteries swirling around Porongos were stripped away, what would emerge and converge at Porongos were two historical shadows still coursing through the borderlands, hatianismo and artiguismo. These were neither doctrines nor unique to the borderlands, yet together they advised both rebel and Imperial policy, and were implicit in the immediacies of decision-making which determined the libertos’ fate.
Adaptive Directional Compression of High-Frequency Helmholtz Boundary Element Matrices
Authors: Börm Steffen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Boundary element methods for the high-frequency Helmholtz equation
require efficient compression techniques for the resulting matrices.
Directional interpolation converges exponentially and is very robust
and fast, but high accuracies lead to very large storage requirements.
This problem can be solved by combining interpolation with algebraic
recompression techniques that significantly reduce the storage
requirements while keeping the accuracy and robustness and only
moderately increasing the runtime.
Approximating the Normal Sample Median Distribution in Process Control
Authors: Leung Char 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The present work aims to propose an approximation of the sample median distribution with a normal parent distribution. Although the mean is usually used as the central tendency measure for normal samples, the median has also been used in engineering, process control in particular. The proposed method approximates the normal sample median distribution only using the normal distribution function. It outperforms Castagliola’s method for small samples and serves as an alternative approximation for trading off accuracy against computational complexity for large samples.
Integral foliated simplicial volume and S
1-actions
Authors: Fauser Daniel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The simplicial volume of
oriented closed connected smooth manifolds that admit a non-trivial smooth

S
1

{S^{1}}

-action vanishes.
In the present work, we prove a version of this result for
the integral foliated simplicial volume of aspherical manifolds:
The integral foliated simplicial volume of aspherical oriented closed
connected smooth manifolds that admit a non-trivial smooth

S
1

{S^{1}}

-action vanishes.
Our proof uses the geometric construction of Yano’s proof for ordinary simplicial volume
as well as the parametrized uniform boundary condition for

S
1

{S^{1}}

.
Dead or alive: DEAD-box ATPases as regulators of ribonucleoprotein complex condensation
Authors: Weis Karsten 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
DEAD-box ATPase proteins are found in all clades of life and have been associated with a diverse array of RNA-processing reactions in eukaryotes, bacteria and archaea. Their highly conserved core enables them to bind RNA, often in an ATP-dependent manner. In the course of the ATP hydrolysis cycle, they undergo conformational rearrangements, which enable them to unwind short RNA duplexes or remodel RNA-protein complexes. Thus, they can function as RNA helicases or chaperones. However, when their conformation is locked, they can also clamp RNA and create ATP-dependent platforms for the formation of higher-order ribonucleoprotein complexes. Recently, it was shown that DEAD-box ATPases globally regulate the phase-separation behavior of RNA-protein complexes in vitro and control the dynamics of RNA-containing membraneless organelles in both pro- and eukaryotic cells. A role of these enzymes as regulators of RNA-protein condensates, or ‘condensases’, suggests a unifying view of how the biochemical activities of DEAD-box ATPases are used to keep cellular condensates dynamic and ‘alive’, and how they regulate the composition and fate of ribonucleoprotein complexes in different RNA processing steps.
Regular consumption of “Nkui”, a Cameroonian traditional dish, may protect against cardiovascular and bone disorders in an estrogen deficiency condition
Authors: Tchoupang Edwige Nana , Ateba Sylvin Benjamin , Mvondo Marie Alfrede , Ndinteh Derek Tantoh , Nguelefack Télesphore Benoit , Zingue Stéphane , Krenn Liselotte , Njamen Dieudonné 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
There is a growing body of evidence indicating the potential of culinary herbs and spices to decrease the incidence of several chronic diseases or conditions. Because of this, the WHO recommends their regular consumption. In the Cameroonian culinary practices, “Nkui” is a famous dish made from a mixture of 10 spices. In our previous study, the ethanolic extract of this mixture exhibited promising estrogenic properties. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate its protective effects on some menopause-related cardiovascular and bone disorders.

Methods
For this purpose, a post-menopause-like model (ovariectomized rats) has been used. Animals were orally treated with the “Nkui” extract for 60 days. The investigation focused on the oxidative stress status, endothelial function (NO bioavailability), lipid profile, and bone mass, biochemical (calcium and inorganic phosphorus contents, serum alkaline phosphatase activity) and histomorphological features.

Results
The extract regulated lipid metabolism in a way to prevent accumulation of abdominal fat, gain in body weight and increased atherogenic indexes induced by ovariectomy. It prevented menopause-related low levels of nitric oxide and oxidative stress damage by increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, while reducing glutathione and malondialdehyde levels in the heart and aorta. Moreover, it prevented ovariectomy-induced bone mass loss, bone marrow disparities and the disorganization of the trabecular network. It also increased femur calcium and inorganic phosphorus contents.

Conclusions
These results suggest that a regular consumption of “Nkui” may have health benefits on cardiovascular system and osteoporosis, major health issues associated with menopause.
Correlation between gastrointestinal symptoms and adherence to traditional Persian medicine dietary recommendations in patients with vitiligo; a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jaladat Amir Mohammad , Amiri-Ardekani Ehsan , Ramezani Pariya Sadat , Boroughani Mohadese , Emami Alorizi Morteza , Parvizi Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Vitiligo is a chronic disease associated with the depigmentation of regions of the skin secondary to structural or functional damage to melanocytes. This damage results from interactions between the immune system and oxidative stress. In traditional Persian medicine (TPM), the concept of ‘Barass’ or ‘Pissi’ encompasses a group of skin diseases including vitiligo, for which there has been an emphasis on the preventive and therapeutic role of dietary modifications.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 200 vitiligo patients and 200 controls were enrolled with a random sampling method. The participants included patients with vitiligo referred to the Dermatology Clinic of Shahid Faghihi Hospital (Shiraz, Iran), with the control group being comprised individuals who referred to this clinic for cosmetic purposes. Questionnaires comparing the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms and the rate of adherence to TPM dietary recommendations were filled by all participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0.

Results
The case group was significantly less adherent to TPM recommendations than the control group (8.25 ± 27.16 vs. 31.8 ± 10.47; p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between both groups in the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) scores (14.09 ± 14.84 vs. 12.62 ± 11.71; p = 0.105). In the case group, the level of adherence to the recommendations of TPM was significantly lower among patients with lower education levels (R=−0.194; p=0.017). Furthermore, there was a significant negative relationship between the length of the disease and adherence to TPM dietary recommendations (R=−0.247; p=0.002).

Conclusions
In this study, the level of adherence to TPM recommendations was significantly lower among patients with vitiligo than the control group. Hence, further studies are suggested to identify the probable role of dietary habits in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.
A four-lncRNA signature for predicting prognosis of recurrence patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Chen Qiang , Hu Zunqi , Zhang Xin , Wei Ziran , Fu Hongbing , Yang DeJun , Cai Qingping 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to develop a multi-long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) signature for the prediction of gastric cancer (GC) based on differential gene expression between recurrence and nonrecurrence patients.

Methods
By repurposing microarray expression profiles of RNAs from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we performed differential expression analysis between recurrence and nonrecurrence patients. A prognostic risk prediction model was constructed based on data from TCGA database, and its reliability was validated using data from Gene Expression Omnibus database. Furthermore, the lncRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed, namely, DIANA-LncBasev2 and starBase database.

Results
We identified 363 differentially expressed RNAs (317 mRNAs, 18 lncRNAs, and 28 microRNAs [miRNAs]). Principal component analysis showed that the seven-feature lncRNAs screened by support vector machine–recursive feature elimination algorithm was more informative for predicting recurrence of GC in comparison with the eight-feature lncRNAs screened by random forest–out-of-bag algorithm. Four of the seven-feature lncRNAs including LINC00843, SNHG3, C21orf62-AS1, and MIR99AHG were chosen to develop a four-lncRNA risk score model. This risk score model was able to distinguish patients with high and low risk of recurrence, and was tested in two independent validation sets. The ceRNA network of this four-lncRNA signature included 10 miRNAs and 178 mRNAs. The mRNAs significantly related to the Wnt-signaling pathway and relevant biological processes.

Conclusion
A useful four-lncRNA signature recurrence was established to distinguish GC patients with high and low risk of recurrence. Regulating the relevant miRNAs and Wnt pathway might partly affect GC metastasisby.
Existence results for a class of random delay integrodifferential equations
Authors: Diop Amadou , Diop Mamadou Abdul , Ezzinbi K. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we consider a class of random partial integro-differential equations with unbounded delay. Existence of mild solutions are investigated by using a random fixed point theorem with a stochastic domain combined with Schauder’s fixed point theorem and Grimmer’s resolvent operator theory. The results are obtained under Carathéodory conditions. Finally, an example is provided to illustrate our results.
Industrial azomethine nickel complex pigments. Four crystal structures from X-ray powder diffraction data
Authors: Brüning Jürgen , Ivashevskaya Svetlana N. , van de Streek Jacco , Alig Edith , Schmidt Martin U. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The crystal structures of the azomethine nickel complexes Pigment Orange 68 (P.O.68, C29H18N4O3Ni), Pigment Red 257 (P.R.257, C16H4Cl8N6O2Ni), and Solvent Brown 53 (S.Br.53, C18H10N4O2Ni) were determined from powder diffraction data. The compounds are industrially used for the colouration of plastics and coatings. P.O.68 exists in two polymorphic forms, the commercial one is the α-phase. The crystal structures were solved from laboratory data using real-space methods and refined by the Rietveld method. For the Rietveld refinement of α-P.O.68, synchrotron data were employed. In all structures, the Ni2+ ion is coordinated by two N atoms and two O atoms in a square-planar geometry. Both phases of P.O.68 crystallise in P21/c, Z = 4. In both structures, the molecules form dimers via an inversion centre, with Ni-to-Ni distances of 3.606 Å (α-phase) and 3.286 Å (β-phase). The dimers are stacked into columns. Neighbouring columns are connected by hydrogen bonds: one classical N–H⋅⋅⋅O bond, and one N–H⋅⋅⋅π bond to the naphthalene moiety of a molecule in the neighbouring stack. P.R.257 crystallises in P21/c, Z = 2, with molecules on inversion centres. The molecules show a typical van der Waals packing without close Ni-Ni contacts. S.Br.53 exhibits Pbcn symmetry with Z = 8. The molecules form columns with Ni-to-Ni distances of 3.508 Å.
Theta Oscillations Gate the Transmission of Reliable Sequences in the Medial Entorhinal Cortex
Authors: Neru Arun , Assisi Collins 
Published: April 2021

AbstractStability and precision of sequential activity in the entorhinal cortex (EC) is crucial for encoding spatially guided behavior and memory. These sequences are driven by constantly evolving sensory inputs and persist despite a noisy background. In a realistic computational model of a medial EC (MEC) microcircuit, we show that intrinsic neuronal properties and network mechanisms interact with theta oscillations to generate reliable outputs. In our model, sensory inputs activate interneurons near their most excitable phase during each theta cycle. As the inputs change, different interneurons are recruited and postsynaptic stellate cells are released from inhibition. This causes a sequence of rebound spikes. The rebound time scale of stellate cells, because of anh–current, matches that of theta oscillations. This fortuitous similarity of time scales ensures that stellate spikes get relegated to the least excitable phase of theta and the network encodes the external drive but ignores recurrent excitation. In contrast, in the absence of theta, rebound spikes compete with external inputs and disrupt the sequence that follows. Further, the same mechanism where theta modulates the gain of incoming inputs, can be used to select between competing inputs to create transient functionally connected networks. Our results concur with experimental data that show, subduing theta oscillations disrupts the spatial periodicity of grid cell receptive fields. In the bat MEC where grid cell receptive fields persist even in the absence of continuous theta oscillations, we argue that other low frequency fluctuations play the role of theta.