bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DESARROLLO Y VALIDACIÓN DE LA ESCALA CORPORAL PARA PREESCOLARES
Authors: León M.P. , González-Martí I. , Contreras O.R. 
Published: October 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue desarrollar y validar un instrumento para medir la percepción del tamaño corporal y la insatisfacción corporal en preescolares. La Escala Corporal para Preescolares (PBS) estuvo compuesta por cuatro figuras corporales (versiones masculina y femenina) en posición frontal y lateral, representando cuatro categorías de peso. La escala fue administrada a 244 preescolares de 4 a 6,4 años, de los cuales 42 participaron en el estudio piloto y 202 en la fiabilidad del instrumento, la cual se reforzó con un proceso de validación y fiabilidad con 10 pediatras expertos de entre 50 y 65 años. Los resultados revelaron una buena validez y una fiabilidad de moderada a alta, que fue mejorando conforme los niños fueron mayores, especialmente con las figuras de perfil. Se comprobó que PBS es un instrumento adecuado para evaluar la percepción corporal y la insatisfacción corporal, particularmente entre participantes mayores de 5 años.
Improving Outpatient Provider Communication for High-Risk Discharges From the Hospitalist Service
Authors: Clark Nicholas A. , Simmons Julia , Etzenhouser Angela , Pallotto Eugenia K. 
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND
Patients are at risk for adverse events during inpatient-to-outpatient transitions of care. Previous improvement work has been targeted at this care transition, but gaps in discharge communication still exist. We aimed to increase documentation of 2-way communication between hospitalists and primary care providers (PCPs) for high-risk discharges from pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) services from 7% to 60% within 30 months.

METHODS
A3 improvement methodology was used. A list of high-risk discharge communication criteria was developed through engagement of PCPs and hospitalists. A driver diagram guided interventions. The outcome measure was documentation of successful 2-way communication with the PCP. Any documented 2-way discharge communication attempt was the process measure. Via a survey, hospitalist satisfaction with the discharge communication expectation served as the balancing measure. All patients discharged from PHM services meeting ≥1 high-risk criterion were included. Statistical process control charts were used to assess changes over time.

RESULTS
There were 3241 high-risk discharges (442 baseline: November 2017 to January 2018; 2799 intervention and sustain: February 2018 to June 2020). The outcome measure displayed iterative special cause variation from a mean baseline of 7% to peak of 39% but regressed and was sustained at 27%. The process measure displayed iterative special cause variation from a 13% baseline mean to a 64% peak, with regression to 41%. The balancing measure worsened from baseline of 5% dissatisfaction to 13%. Interventions temporally related to special cause improvements were education, division-level performance feedback, standardization of documentation, and offloading the task of communication coordination from hospitalists to support staff.

CONCLUSIONS
Improvement methodology resulted in modestly sustained improvements in PCP communication for high-risk discharges from the PHM services.
Clinical Outcome and Antibiotic Dosing Differences by Weight in Children With Acute Osteomyelitis
Authors: Kyler Kathryn E. , Lee Brian R. , Glynn Earl F. , Waddell Joel P. , Hoffman Mark A. , Goldman Jennifer L. 
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate for weight-based differences in clinical outcomes and antibiotic dosing variability for children hospitalized with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO).

METHODS
We performed a retrospective cohort study of children aged 2 to 17 years and hospitalized with a primary AHO International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision or International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision diagnosis code between 2010 and 2017 using the Cerner Health Facts database. Weight categories (healthy, overweight, obesity) were determined by using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention age- and sex-specific BMI percentiles. Rates of procedures, complications, and length of stay (LOS) were compared between groups. Dosing variability between groups was assessed by comparing the initial milligrams per kilogram per day of prescribed antibiotics.

RESULTS
We identified 755 children with AHO for inclusion. Children with overweight and obesity were more likely to undergo surgical procedures (19% and 17%, respectively) compared with children with a healthy weight (10%; P = .009). They also had a longer LOS (5.7 and 5.8 days) than children with a healthy weight (4.9 days; P = .03). There were no differences in complication rates between weight categories. Mean weight-adjusted daily dose for the most frequently prescribed antibiotics was different by weight category, with children in higher weight categories more likely to receive lower weight-based doses.

CONCLUSIONS
Children with overweight and obesity hospitalized for AHO were more likely to undergo procedures, have longer LOS, and receive lower weight-based antibiotic dosing compared with children with a healthy weight. Our findings suggest that weight should be carefully considered when treating children with AHO.
Patient Health Outcomes following Dialysis Facility Closures in the United States
Authors: Niu Jingbo , Saeed Maryam K. , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C. , Erickson Kevin F. 
Published: October 2021

Significance Statement
Although ongoing changes to reimbursement in United States dialysis care may increase the risk of dialysis facility closures, the effects of such closures on the health outcomes of patients are unknown. The authors examined the associations among dialysis facility closures and rates of hospitalizations and death. Patients affected by dialysis facility closures from January 2001 through April 2014 experienced rates of hospitalization that were 7%–9% higher compared with hospitalization rates of similar patients receiving care at facilities that did not close. Patients affected by closure also exhibited a higher rate of mortality compared with unaffected patients, although this difference was of borderline statistical significance. These findings highlight the need for effective policies that continue to mitigate risk of facility closures.

Background
Ongoing changes to reimbursement of United States dialysis care may increase the risk of dialysis facility closures. Closures may be particularly detrimental to the health of patients receiving dialysis, who are medically complex and clinically tenuous.

Methods
We used two separate analytic strategies—one using facility-based matching and the other using propensity score matching—to compare health outcomes of patients receiving in-center hemodialysis at United States facilities that closed with outcomes of similar patients who were unaffected. We used negative binomial and Cox regression models to estimate associations of facility closure with hospitalization and mortality in the subsequent 180 days.

Results
We identified 8386 patients affected by 521 facility closures from January 2001 through April 2014. In the facility-matched model, closures were associated with 9% higher rates of hospitalization (relative rate ratio [RR], 1.09; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.03 to 1.16), yielding an absolute annual rate difference of 1.69 hospital days per patient-year (95% CI, 0.45 to 2.93). Similarly, in a propensity-matched model, closures were associated with 7% higher rates of hospitalization (RR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.13; P=0.04), yielding an absolute rate difference of 1.08 hospital days per year (95% CI, 0.04 to 2.12). Closures were associated with nonsignificant increases in mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.08; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.18; P=0.05 for the facility-matched comparison; HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.17; P=0.08 for the propensity-matched comparison).

Conclusions
Patients affected by dialysis facility closures experienced increased rates of hospitalization in the subsequent 180 days and may be at increased risk of death. This highlights the need for effective policies that continue to mitigate risk of facility closures.
EVALUATION OF A HYBRID BIOCOMPOSITE OF HA/HDPE REINFORCED WITH MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (MWCNTs) AS A BONE-SUBSTITUTE MATERIAL
Authors: A. Al- Allaq Ali , Jenan S. Kashan  , Mohamed T. El-Wakad  , Soliman Ahmed M. 
Published: October 2021

In this investigation, multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) with various percentages (0.6%, 1%, 1.4%, 2%) were combined into ​and High-density polyethylene HDPE (60) wt. % and hydroxyapatite (40) wt. % to form biocomposite using hot-press techniques. The surface topography by AFM images illustrates differences in the roughness of the sample's surface with different adding percentages of MWCNT. The DSC technique exhibits the effect of adding MWCNT in different percentages with the degree of crystallinity, which its effect on mechanical properties for samples. The in vitro bioactivity was investigated by immersion the samples in Ringer's solution as simulated body fluid (SBF) at (0, 3, 6, 9, 12) days (after immersing). The FE-SEM and EDx image explained the apatite layers formation on the sample's surface after 3 days immersed in Ringer solution. Based on XRD Technique, after immersion days in the Ringer solution, the crystallographic structure of hydroxyapatite is formed, forming the monetite. ​The enhancement of bioactivity has been shown during the incorporation of MWCNT into HA/HDPE composite. These results exhibited excellent indications of biocompatibility properties with the possibility of making promising biomaterials for making bone substitute applications.
STUDY ON ALTERNATE IMMERSION CORROSION BEHAVIOR AND MECHANISM OF SDCM DIE STEEL FOR HOT STAMPING
Authors: Bin Jiang , Pengpeng Zuo , Xiaochun Wu 
Published: October 2021

In this paper, the alternate immersion corrosion test of Cr-Mo-V series SDCM steel for hot stamping was carried out, and different stresses were loaded with self-made fixture. The results shown that regardless of hardness and stress, the corrosion mode of the material is uniform corrosion. Stress could significantly increase the corrosion rate, with lower hardness and higher corrosion rate. Because of the existence of Corrosion Removal Layer (CRL), the maximum corrosion pit depth would be reduced. The maximum corrosion pit depth and Corrosion Pit density (CPD, ρv) were used to describe the degree of corrosion damage. From low to high hardness, the CPD ρv and corrosion resistance increased gradually. With the increased of tempering temperature, the hardness decreased, and the percentage of carbide area in the field of view increased from 16.36% to 24.32%. The irregular spherical carbide M23(C, N)6 rich in Cr coarsens and consumes Cr element in the material, which lead to the decrease of corrosion resistance. Through the polarization curve of the dynamic potential, we known that the current density was increased with the hardness decreased, from 28.53 μA/mm2 to 40.93 μA/mm2.
Validez de constructo de la escala para evaluar la adherencia a procesos de neurorrehabilitación funcional (SMAN) en personas adultas
Authors: Quiroz Mora Carlos Andres , Hernandez Carrillo Mauricio , Agudelo Martinez Ayda Zulamy , Medina Riaño Carlos Alfonso 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la validez de constructo de la escala para evaluar la adherencia a procesos de neurorrehabilitación funcional (sman) en personas adultas
Metodología: Estudio instrumental, con un diseño transversal, en el que se hace uso del método de análisis factorial confirmatorio para un modelo inicial de 5 factores y 20 ítems. Se utilizó el método de máxima verosimilitud y se realizaron pruebas de normalidad univariada y multivariada. El modelo hipotetizado se valoró con medidas de ajuste absoluto, ajuste incremental y ajuste de la parsimonia. Para el modelo definitivo, se calcularon estadísticos de fiabilidad, y validez convergente y discriminante, a través de matriz de correlaciones.
Resultados: Para el modelo inicial (M0), los índices de modificación mostraron cargas cruzadas, pertenecientes a los constructos de “discapacidad” y “paciente”; por tanto, se hizo una revisión teórica de los ítems del instrumento y se eliminaron dos ítems redundantes, uno en cada factor. Posterior a la reespecificación del modelo (M2), la sman quedo conformada por 5 factores y 18 ítems.
Conclusión: la sman posee propiedades psicométricas destacables y confiables para la medición de la adherencia en poblaciones con déficit funcional asociado a condición neurológica
Determinación de la persistencia y diagnóstico tardío de lepra en el Valle del Cauca de 2010 a 2016
Authors: Rivas Adriana , Chantre Alejandra , Santa Jennifer , Hoyos Diana Marcela , Pacheco Robinson , Ferro Beatriz E. 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Describir la frecuencia, las características clínico-demográficas y los factores relacionados con el retraso diagnóstico, con tratamientos incompletos y con el desarrollo de discapacidad entre el ingreso y el egreso de pacientes inscritos en el “Programa de Control de la Enfermedad de Hansen del Valle del Cauca”, de 2010 a 2016.
Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de una cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes con lepra.
Resultados: La incidencia promedio fue de 0,99 casos / 100 000 habitantes. La mediana de edad fue 54 años (rango intercuartílico: 39-65); el 58,82 % fueron hombres, el 49,73 % pertenecía al régimen subsidiado. El 83,68 % fueron casos nuevos, de los cuales, el 76,47 % eran multibacilares (47,9 % con lepra lepromatosa). El 59,54 % manifestó discapacidad y el 10,54 % tuvo leprorreacciones. El 50% presentó retraso diagnóstico, y el 9,09 %, abandonó tratamiento. Se encontró dependencia significativa entre retraso diagnóstico y discapacidad al ingreso (or: 2,09, ic 95 %: 1,28-3,41, p = 0,003), y entre la no finalización del tratamiento y ser previamente tratado (or: 2,82, ic 95 %: 1,28-6,18, p = 0,009).
Conclusión: La lepra continúa siendo frecuente en el Valle del Cauca. El retraso diagnóstico y el ingreso con alguna discapacidad connotan captación tardía de los pacientes y en estadios avanzados. El abandono y la discapacidad al egreso se suman a la complejidad de la situación. Se evidencia la necesidad de fortalecer las intervenciones actuales dirigidas hacia el paciente, sus contactos domiciliarios, el personal de salud y la comunidad en general.
Dynamic Biometric Indicators of the Anterior Segment Structure of the Eye in Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma
Authors: Voronin G. V. , El-Sangahawi A. A. , Avetisov K. S. , Yartsev V. D. , Narbut M. N. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) remains one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness. Up to date, a significant amount of data has been accumulated concerning the biometric parameters of the eye in PACG, however, there is a lack of information on the dynamic characteristics of these parameters.Objective: to evaluate the dynamic biometric characteristics of the structures of the anterior segment of the eye in PACG.Patients and methods. The results of optical coherence tomography were analyzed in 40 patients with PACG and in 40 patients without signs of hydrodynamic disorder. The studies were carried out under photopic and mesopic illumination conditions. The scanned images were obtained using an RTVue-100-2 optical coherence tomograph device (Optovue, USA). Biometric measurements were performed using standard tomograph software; volumetric studies were carried out based on the Pappus-Guldinus theorem with additional constructions. When analyzing the obtained images, 13 different linear and volumetric parameters were evaluated.Results. A decrease in the parameters reflecting the features of the configuration of the anterior chamber of the eye was noted in the presence of PACG (width of the ACA, depth and volume of the anterior chamber). From the point of view of the possible influence on the state of the anterior chamber angle, it is necessary to highlight changes in such indicators as the area, volume and thickness of the iris. Regardless of the conditions of the examination, these indicators, on average, were significantly higher in the PACG and practically did not change with a decrease in the level of illumination. At the same time, in the absence of disturbances in hydrodynamics under mesopic conditions, despite an increase in the thickness of the iris, a significant decrease in its area and volume was noted.Conclusion. Biometric changes in the structures of the anterior segment of the eye in the case of PACG relate not only to linear, but also to volumetric indicators. As a certain component of hydrodynamic disorders in the case of PACG, the revealed preservation of the iris volume during pupil dilation under mesopic illumination conditions should be considered, while in the absence of hydrodynamic disorders, this indicator decreased. Therefore, not only static changes in the biometric characteristics of the structures of the anterior segment of the eye, but also their dynamic fluctuations, should be considered as a risk factor for clinical manifestations of PACG, which determines the practical significance of dynamic biometric studies in the examination of patients with suspected PACG.
The Effect of Bioregulators Isolated from Blood Serum and Cornea of the Bovin’s Eye on the Condition of Tissue and Cells of the Rabbit Corneas during Cultivation and Storage
Authors: Krasnov M. S. , Yamskova V. P. 
Published: October 2021

Objective: to study the condition of the cornea, as well as its epithelial and endothelial cells, while maintaining in vitro at various temperature conditions, under the influence of a number of factors, including bioregulators isolated from blood serum and cornea of the bovine, and epidermal growth factor.Methods. The study was carried out on rabbit corneas stored at temperatures of +4, –86 °C, as well as the cultivation of endothelial and epithelial cells isolated from the cornea after storage at these temperatures, followed by histological and immunohistochemical studies.Results. Storage of the cornea at +4 °C for 10 days leads to corneal edema and significantly reduces their transparency, both bioregulators partially prevent a decrease in the transparency of the cornea, while the endothelial layer lyses in groups with the addition of epidermal growth factor and corneal bioregulator; but remains in the cornea with the addition of a serum bioregulator. All three factors contribute to the preservation of the Bowman membrane. In the corneas stored at –86 °C on the 30th day, a preserved endothelial layer was observed, and the epithelium retained its multilayering in all groups with the addition of factors other than the control group. In the control samples, the epithelial layer partially exfoliated, the endothelial layer was almost completely lysed. Both bioregulators stimulated the proliferation of cells isolated from the native cornea and enhanced the action of the epidermal growth factor. Similar results were obtained on cells isolated from stored corneas for 2 weeks at –86 °C. In the case of combined use of the epidermal growth factor and bioregulators on the 30th day, the endothelial layer was mainly preserved, the Descemet’s membrane was not broken. In the control samples, the epithelium was mainly single-layered, partially exfoliated, and the endothelial layer was completely lysed.Conclusion. Storage of cornea during hypothermia (+4 °С) does not provide corneal viability for longer than 10 days. Storage under conditions of cryopreservation (–86 °C) ensures the viability of the cornea for 60 days. Adding bioregulators and an epidermal growth factor to the basic preservation medium allows one to obtain a structurally safe and viable cornea, while all cellular layers of the cornea, including the endothelial layer, are preserved and viable.
Peripheral Refraction, Wave Front of the Eye and Visual Performance in the Correction of Myopia in Children with Bifocal Soft Contact Lenses with High Addition
Authors: Tarutta E. P. , Milash S. V. , Epishina M. V. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose: to study the effect of bifocal soft contact lens (BSCL) with an ADD of 4 diopters on peripheral refraction (PR), optical and ergonomic eye parameters in children with myopia.Patients and methods. 26 patients (52 eyes) with myopia –3.09 ± 1.13 diopters at the age of 10.04 ± 1.5 years without correction and with correction by BSCL Prima BIO Bi-focal ( Okay Vision Retail, Russia). All patients underwent a horizontal and vertical PR study on an open field autorefractometer Grand Seiko WAM-5500 (Japan), wavefront aberrations were studied on OPD-Scan III aberrometer (Nidek, Japan), contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions were studied on a Mesotest 2 instrument (Oculus, Germany) and visual productivity was studied using test tables.Results. The visual acuity of the distance with a BSCL correction of 0.98 ± 0.04 did not differ (p = 0.26) from the maximum visual acuity corrected by spherocylindrical glasses of 0.99 ± 0.04. BSCL induces myopic defocus in all peripheral zones, with a maximum value of 15° and a sharp decrease of 30°. Peripheral myopic defocus induced by the lens at a horizontal and vertical angle of 15 degrees did not depend on the initial degree of myopia. BSCL increases the total RMS from 0.07 ± 0.02 μm to 0.19 ± 0.07 μm in the 3 mm zone (p < 0.01) and from 0.27 ± 0.09 μm to 1.18 ± 0, 23 μm in the 6 mm zone (p < 0.01), mainly due to an increase in spherical aberration from –0.0005 ± 0.006 μm to 0.06 ± 0.01 μm (p < 0.01) and from 0.01 ± 0.09 μm to 0.58 ± 0.14 μm (p < 0.01) in the 3 mm and 6 mm zones, respectively. An increase in the overall RMS in BSCL reduces the quality of eye optics and contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions, but does not impair visual productivity.Conclusion. BSCLs with a high ADD of 4 diopters are capable of inducing significant myopic peripheral defocus due to the induction of spherical aberration, while maintaining high visual acuity and not changing ophthalmic ergonomics, which makes them a pathogenetically substantiated method for correcting myopia and preventing its progression in children and adolescents.