bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantum interference effects in multi-channel correlated tunneling structures
Authors: Maslova N. S. , Mantsevich V. N. , Luchkin V. N. , Palyulin V. V. , Arseyev P. I. , Sokolov I. M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn multi-channel tunneling systems quantum interference effects modify tunneling conductance spectra due to Fano effect. We investigated the impact of Hubbard type Coulomb interaction on tunneling conductance spectra for the system formed by several interacting impurity atoms or quantum dots localised between the contact leads. It was shown that the Fano shape of tunneling conductance spectra strongly changes in the presence of on-site Coulomb interaction between localised electrons in the intermediate system. The main effect which determines the shape of the tunneling peaks could be not Fano interference but mostly nonequilibrium dependence of the occupation numbers on bias voltage.
Simple linear ionic polysiloxane showing unexpected nanostructure and mechanical properties
Authors: Hara Mitsuo , Iijima Yuta , Nagano Shusaku , Seki Takahiro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPolysiloxanes are ubiquitous materials in industry and daily life derived from silicates, an abundant resource. They exhibit various properties, which depend on the main-chain network structure. Linear (1D backbone) polysiloxanes provide amorphous materials. They are recognized as fluid materials in the form of grease or oil with a low glass transition temperature. Herein we report that a simple linear polysiloxane, poly(3-aminopropylmethylsiloxane) hydrochloride, shows an elastic modulus comparable to that of stiff resins such as poly(tetrafluoroethylene). By introducing an ammonium salt at all the units of this polysiloxane, inter- and intramolecular ionic aggregates form, immensely enhancing the elastic modulus. This polysiloxane is highly hygroscopic, and its modulus can be altered reversibly 100 million times between moist and dry atmospheres. In addition, it works as a good adhesive for glass substrates with a shear strength of more than 1 MPa in the dry state. Despite its simple structure with a flexible backbone, this polymer unexpectedly self-assembles to form an ordered lamellar nanostructure in dry conditions. Consequently, this work reveals new functions and possibilities for polysiloxanes materials by densely introducing ionic groups.
Spatiotemporal tracing of pandemic spread from infection data
Authors: Roy Satyaki , Biswas Preetom , Ghosh Preetam 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCOVID-19, a global pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 virus, has claimed millions of lives worldwide. Amid soaring contagion due to newer strains of the virus, it is imperative to design dynamic, spatiotemporal models to contain the spread of infection during future outbreaks of the same or variants of the virus. The reliance on existing prediction and contact tracing approaches on prior knowledge of inter- or intra-zone mobility renders them impracticable. We present a spatiotemporal approach that employs a network inference approach with sliding time windows solely on the date and number of daily infection numbers of zones within a geographical region to generate temporal networks capturing the influence of each zone on another. It helps analyze the spatial interaction among the hotspot or spreader zones and highly affected zones based on the flow of network contagion traffic. We apply the proposed approach to the daily infection counts of New York State as well as the states of USA to show that it effectively measures the phase shifts in the pandemic timeline. It identifies the spreaders and affected zones at different time points and helps infer the trajectory of the pandemic spread across the country. A small set of zones periodically exhibit a very high outflow of contagion traffic over time, suggesting that they act as the key spreaders of infection. Moreover, the strong influence between the majority of non-neighbor regions suggests that the overall spread of infection is a result of the unavoidable long-distance trips by a large number of people as opposed to the shorter trips at a county level, thereby informing future mitigation measures and public policies.
Effect of hybridized local and charge transfer molecules rotation in excited state on exciton utilization
Authors: Sun Gang , Wang Xin-Hui , Li Jing , Yang Bo-Ting , Gao Ying , Geng Yun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe fluorescent molecules utilizing hybridized local and charge-transfer (HLCT) state as potential organic light-emitting diodes materials attract extensive attention due to their high exciton utilization. In this work, we have performed the density functional theory method on three HLCT-state molecules to investigate their excited-state potential energy surface (PES). The calculated results indicate the T1 and T2 energy gap is quite large, and the T2 is very close to S1 in the energy level. The large gap is beneficial for inhibiting the internal conversion between T1 and T2, and quite closed S1 and T2 energies are favor for activating the T2 → S1 reverse intersystem crossing path. However, considering the singlet excited-state PES by twisting the triphenylamine (TPA) or diphenylamine (PA) group, it can be found that the TPA or PA group almost has no influence on T1 and T2 energy levels. However, the plots of S1 PES display two kinds of results that the S1 emissive state is dominated by charge-transfer (CT) or HLCT state. The CT emission state formation would decrease the S1 energy level, enlarge the S1 and T2 gap, and impair the triplet exciton utilization. Therefore, understanding the relationship between the S1 PES and molecular structures is important for designing high-performance luminescent materials utilizing HLCT state.
Staphylococcus aureus internalization impairs osteoblastic activity and early differentiation process
Authors: Mouton W. , Josse J. , Jacqueline C. , Abad L. , Trouillet-Assant S. , Caillon J. , Bouvard D. , Bouchet M. , Laurent F. , Diot A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractStaphylococcus aureusis the most frequent aetiology of bone and joint infections (BJI) and can cause relapsing and chronic infections. One of the main factors involved in the chronicization of staphylococcal BJIs is the internalization ofS. aureusinto osteoblasts, the bone-forming cells. Previous studies have shown thatS. aureustriggers an impairment of osteoblasts function that could contribute to bone loss. However, these studies focused mainly on the extracellular effects ofS. aureus. Our study aimed at understanding the intracellular effects ofS. aureuson the early osteoblast differentiation process. In our in vitro model of osteoblast lineage infection, we first observed that internalizedS. aureus8325-4 (a reference lab strain) significantly impactedRUNX2andCOL1A1expression compared to its non-internalized counterpart 8325-4∆fnbAB(with deletion offnbAandfnbB). Then, in a murine model of osteomyelitis, we reported no significant effect forS. aureus8325-4 and 8325-4∆fnbABon bone parameters at 7 days post-infection whereasS. aureus8325-4 significantly decreased trabecular bone thickness at 14 days post-infection compared to 8325-4∆fnbAB. When challenged with two clinical isogenic strains isolated from initial and relapse phase of the same BJI, significant impairments of bone parameters were observed for both initial and relapse strain, without differences between the two strains. Finally, in our in vitro osteoblast infection model, both clinical strains impacted alkaline phosphatase activity whereas the expression of bone differentiation genes was significantly decreased only after infection with the relapse strain. Globally, we highlighted thatS. aureusinternalization into osteoblasts is responsible for an impairment of the early differentiation in vitro and thatS. aureusimpaired bone parameters in vivo in a strain-dependent manner.
Targeting extracellular and juxtamembrane FGFR2 mutations in chemotherapy-refractory cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Bitzer Michael , Spahn Stephan , Babaei Sepideh , Horger Marius , Singer Stephan , Schulze-Osthoff Klaus , Missios Pavlos , Gatidis Sergios , Nann Dominik , Mattern Sven , Scheble Veit , Nikolaou Konstantin , Armeanu-Ebinger Sorin , Schulze Martin , Schroeder Christopher , Biskup Saskia , Beha Janina , Claassen Manfred , Ruhm Kristina , Poso Antti , Malek Nisar P. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) has emerged as a promising candidate for precision medicine, especially in the case of activating FGFR2 gene fusions. In addition to fusions, a considerable fraction of iCCA patients reveals FGFR2 mutations, which might lead to uncontrolled activation of the FGFR2 pathway but are mostly of unknown functional significance. A current challenge for molecular tumor boards (MTB) is to predict the functional consequences of such FGFR2 alterations to guide potential treatment decisions. We report two iCCA patients with extracellular and juxtamembrane FGFR2 mutations. After in silico investigation of the alterations and identification of activated FGFR2 downstream targets in tumor specimens by immunohistochemistry and transcriptome analysis, the MTB recommended treatment with an FGFR-inhibiting tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Both patients developed a rapidly detectable and prolonged partial response to treatment. These two cases suggest an approach to characterize further detected FGFR2 mutations in iCCA to enable patients´ selection for a successful application of the FGFR -inhibiting drugs.
Tails stabilize landing of gliding geckos crashing head-first into tree trunks
Authors: Siddall Robert , Byrnes Greg , Full Robert J. , Jusufi Ardian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAnimals use diverse solutions to land on vertical surfaces. Here we show the unique landing of the gliding gecko, Hemidactylus platyurus. Our high-speed video footage in the Southeast Asian rainforest capturing the first recorded, subcritical, short-range glides revealed that geckos did not markedly decrease velocity prior to impact. Unlike specialized gliders, geckos crashed head-first with the tree trunk at 6.0 ± 0.9 m/s (~140 body lengths per second) followed by an enormous pitchback of their head and torso 103 ± 34° away from the tree trunk anchored by only their hind limbs and tail. A dynamic mathematical model pointed to the utility of tails for the fall arresting response (FAR) upon landing. We tested predictions by measuring foot forces during landing of a soft, robotic physical model with an active tail reflex triggered by forefoot contact. As in wild animals, greater landing success was found for tailed robots. Experiments showed that longer tails with an active tail reflex resulted in the lower adhesive foot forces necessary for stabilizing successful landings, with a tail shortened to 25% requiring over twice the adhesive foot force.
„Nichtärztliche“ Insulindosisanpassung
Authors: Wiesner Tobias 
Published: September 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGHäufig werden die glykämischen Therapieziele unter einer Insulintherapie nicht erreicht. Die Ursachen sind vielfältig. Lange Zeit war die Anpassung von Medikamenten – somit auch Insulin – die alleinige ärztliche Aufgabe. Inzwischen verfolgt das Konzept des Empowerments der Patienten das Ziel, Patienten zu befähigen, eigene adäquate Therapieentscheidungen zu treffen, um die Lebensqualität zu verbessern, glykämische Ziele zu erreichen und somit Folgekomplikationen zu reduzieren. Diese Befähigung des Patienten kann über verschiedene, teilweise auch therapieabhängige Systeme und Algorithmen wie Applikationen (Apps) im Sinne einer DiGA, kontinuierliche Glukose-Messsysteme (CGM) oder AID (automated insulin delivery)- Systeme erreicht werden.
Augmented Reality: Moving Robotics Forward
Authors: Hachach-Haram Nadine , Miskovic Danilo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCompared with other fields, adoption of robotics in colorectal surgery remains relatively slow. One of the reasons for this is that the expected benefits of robotics, such as greater accuracy, speed, and better patient outcomes, are not born out in evidence comparing use of robotics for colorectal procedures to conventional laparoscopy. But evidence also suggests that outcomes with colorectal robotic procedures depend on the experience of the surgeon, suggesting that a steep learning curve is acting as a barrier to the benefits of robotics being realized. In this paper, we analyze exactly why surgeon skill and proficiency is such a critical factor in colorectal surgery, especially around the most complex procedures associated with cancer. Shortening of the learning curve is crucial for both the adoption of the technique and the efficient use of expert trainers. Looking beyond the basics of training and embracing a new generation of digital learning technologies that facilitate peer-to-peer collaboration and development beyond the confines of individual institutions may be an important contributor to achieve these goals in the future.
Findings from the 2021 Yearbook Section on Health Information Management
Authors: Bloomrosen Meryl , Berner Eta S. ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Health Information Management
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To summarize the recent literature and research and present a selection of the best papers published in 2020 in the field of Health Information Management (HIM) and Health Informatics.
Methods: A systematic review of the literature for the IMIA Yearbook HIM section was performed by the two section editors with the help of a medical librarian. We searched bibliographic databases for HIM-related papers using both MeSH headings and keywords in titles and abstracts. A shortlist of the fifteen best candidate papers was first selected by section editors before being peer-reviewed by independent external reviewers.
Results: The three major themes of Health Information Exchange (transmitting, sharing, and accessing patient health-related data and information) (HIE), Data Quality, and Privacy and Security make up 80% of the fifteen papers, with individual papers on personal health records, information governance and the professionalism of the HIM field.
Conclusions: Traditional HIM concerns about HIM practice and workforce as well as issues about the data in electronic health records (EHRs) including data quality, coding, health information exchange among entities within the healthcare systems and privacy and confidentiality continue to be a large part of the HIM research literature. Although there was little research applying these themes to pandemic concerns, HIM professionals have the expertise to make ccontributions to public health informatics research and this research would benefit from their involvement.
The Evolution of Clinical Knowledge During COVID-19: Towards a Global Learning Health System
Authors: Verspoor Karin 
Published: September 2021

Summary
Objectives: We examine the knowledge ecosystem of COVID-19, focusing on clinical knowledge and the role of health informatics as enabling technology. We argue for commitment to the model of a global learning health system to facilitate rapid knowledge translation supporting health care decision making in the face of emerging diseases.
Methods and Results: We frame the evolution of knowledge in the COVID-19 crisis in terms of learning theory, and present a view of what has occurred during the pandemic to rapidly derive and share knowledge as an (underdeveloped) instance of a global learning health system. We identify the key role of information technologies for electronic data capture and data sharing, computational modelling, evidence synthesis, and knowledge dissemination. We further highlight gaps in the system and barriers to full realisation of an efficient and effective global learning health system.
Conclusions: The need for a global knowledge ecosystem supporting rapid learning from clinical practice has become more apparent than ever during the COVID-19 pandemic. Continued effort to realise the vision of a global learning health system, including establishing effective approaches to data governance and ethics to support the system, is imperative to enable continuous improvement in our clinical care.
A Literature Review on the GDPR, COVID-19 and the Ethical Considerations of Data Protection During a Time of Crisis
Authors: Christofidou Maria , Lea Nathan , Coorevits Pascal 
Published: September 2021

Summary
Objective: This survey article presents a literature review of relevant publications aiming to explore whether the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has held true during a time of crisis and the implications that arose during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Method and Results: Based on the approach taken and the screening of the relevant articles, the results focus on three themes: a critique on GDPR; the ethics surrounding the use of digital health technologies, namely in the form of mobile applications; and the possibility of cross border transfers of said data outside of Europe. Within this context, the article reviews the arising themes, considers the use of data through mobile health applications, and discusses whether data protection may require a revision when balancing societal and personal interests.
Conclusions: In summary, although it is clear that the GDPR has been applied through a mixed and complex experience with data handling during the pandemic, the COVID-19 pandemic has indeed shown that it was a test the GDPR was designed and prepared to undertake. The article suggests that further review and research is needed to first ensure that an understanding of the state of the art in data protection during the pandemic is maintained and second to subsequently explore and carefully create a specific framework for the ethical considerations involved. The paper echoes the literature reviewed and calls for the creation of a unified and harmonised network or database to enable the secure data sharing across borders.
Key Contributions in Clinical Research Informatics
Authors: Daniel Christel , Bellamine Ali , Kalra Dipak ,   Section Editors of the IMIA Yearbook Section on Clinical Research Informatics
Published: September 2021

Summary
Objectives: To summarize key contributions to current research in the field of Clinical Research Informatics (CRI) and to select best papers published in 2020.
Method: A bibliographic search using a combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) descriptors and free-text terms on CRI was performed using PubMed, followed by a double-blind review in order to select a list of candidate best papers to be then peer-reviewed by external reviewers. After peer-review ranking, a consensus meeting between two section editors and the editorial team was organized to finally conclude on the selected four best papers.
Results: Among the 877 papers published in 2020 and returned by the search, there were four best papers selected. The first best paper describes a method for mining temporal sequences from clinical documents to infer disease trajectories and enhancing high-throughput phenotyping. The authors of the second best paper demonstrate that the generation of synthetic Electronic Health Record (EHR) data through Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) could be substantially improved by more appropriate training and evaluation criteria. The third best paper offers an efficient advance on methods to detect adverse drug events by computer-assisting expert reviewers with annotated candidate mentions in clinical documents. The large-scale data quality assessment study reported by the fourth best paper has clinical research informatics implications, in terms of the trustworthiness of inferences made from analysing electronic health records.
Conclusions: The most significant research efforts in the CRI field are currently focusing on data science with active research in the development and evaluation of Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) algorithms based on ever more intensive use of real-world data and especially EHR real or synthetic data. A major lesson that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has already taught the scientific CRI community is that timely international high-quality data-sharing and collaborative data analysis is absolutely vital to inform policy decisions.
Human Factors and Organizational Issues Section Synopsis IMIA Yearbook 2021
Authors: Senathirajah Yalini , Hribar Michelle ,   Section Editors of the IMIA Yearbook Section on Human Factors and Organizational Issues
Published: September 2021

Objective: To select the best papers that made original and high impact contributions in the area of human factors and organizational issues in biomedical informatics in 2020.
Methods: A rigorous extraction process based on queries from Web of Science® and PubMed/Medline was conducted to identify the scientific contributions published in 2020 that address human factors and organizational issues in biomedical informatics. The screening of papers on titles and abstracts independently by the two section editors led to a total of 1,562 papers. These papers were discussed for a selection of 12 finalist papers, which were then reviewed by the two section editors, two chief editors, and by three external reviewers from internationally renowned research teams.
Results: The query process resulted in 12 papers that reveal interesting and rigorous methods and important studies in human factors that move the field forward, particularly in clinical informatics and emerging technologies such as brain-computer interfaces. This year three papers were clearly outstanding and help advance in the field. They provide examples of applying existing frameworks together in novel and highly illuminating ways, showing the value of theory development in human factors. Emerging themes included several which discussed physician burnout, mobile health, and health equity. Those concerning the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) were included as part of that section.
Conclusion: The selected papers make important contributions to human factors and organizational issues, expanding and deepening our knowledge of how to apply theory and applications of new technologies in health.