bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Feasibility Study, Evaluating the Efficacy of Homeopathic Medicines in the Prevention of COVID-19 in a Quarantined Population
Authors: Talele Gitanjali , Vaidhya Shashikant , Chowdhary Abhay , Herscu Paul , Shah Rajesh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction Exploring preventive therapeutic measures has been among the biggest challenges during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We explored the feasibility and methods of recruitment, retention, and potential signal of efficacy, of selected homeopathic medicines as preventive measure for developing COVID-19 in a multi-group study.
Methods A six-group, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled prophylaxis study was conducted in a COVID-19 exposed population in a quarantine facility in Mumbai, India. Each group received one of the following: Arsenicum album 30c, Bryonia alba 30c, a combination (Arsenicum album 30c, Bryonia alba 30c, Gelsemium sempervirens 30c, and Influenzinum 30c), coronavirus nosode CVN01 30c, Camphora 1M, or placebo. Six pills twice a day were administered for 3 days. The primary outcome measure used was testing recruitment and retention in this quarantined setting. Secondary outcomes were numbers testing positive for COVID-19 after developing symptoms of illness, number of subjects hospitalized, and days to recovery.
Results Good rates of recruitment and retention were achieved. Of 4,497 quarantined individuals, 2,343 sought enrollment, with 2,294 enrolled and 2,233 completing the trial (49.7% recruitment, 97.3% retention). Subjects who were randomized to either Bryonia alba or to the CVN01 nosode signaled (p <0.10) a lower incidence of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and a shorter period of illness, with evidence of fewer hospitalizations, than those taking placebo. The three other groups did not show signals of efficacy.
Conclusion This pilot study supports the feasibility of a larger randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Bryonia alba 30c and CVN01 30c should both be explored in disease prevention or shortening the course of disease symptomatology in a COVID-19-exposed population.
Perception of Harrasment or Discrimination during Urology Residency in Colombia
Authors: Ortiz-Zableh Ana María , Quiñones Roa Andres Felipe , Santamaria Fuerte Bernardo , Tobar-Roa Veronica 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose Workplace bullying (harassment, abuse, or discrimination), practiced persistently against an individual, can generate a hostile workplace environment, consequently leading to exhaustion, with poor psychological outcomes, and the onset of symptoms such as loss of confidence, fatigue, depressive thoughts, desertion, and suicidal thoughts. There are no publications regarding this issue in Colombia.Our objective is to describe the residents' perception of gender and workplace discrimination and verbal/sexual harassment during their urological training.
Methods Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study with anonymous surveys. We evaluated the demographic characteristics and the residents' perception of harassment, the type of harassment, how it affected their performance during residency, and from whom it was perceived.
Results We were able to obtain answers from 82/115 residents (71.3%), most of them men (45 [56%]). In total, 66% (54) reported workplace harassment; and 35.4% (29) felt gender discrimination, most of them women (17; 58.6%). Verbal abuse was reported by 64.6% (53), and it affected the work of 92.5%. The parception of workplace harassment was similar among both men and women (32 [69.5%] men and 21 [61.1%] women). A total of 7(19%) women reported sexual abuse. Regarding the source of the abuse, 39 (65.8%) was by professors, 26 (45%), by other residents, and 17 (35.4%), by patients.
Conclusion The perception of harassment during urology residency in Colombia is real, and it affects the work of residents. This abuse is greater on the part of men, and is mainly perpetrated by professors. We consider our work the starting point to continue researching a topic of national and international importance.
Imperial policy of the Russian Federation versus cohesion and coherence of NATO’s new strategic concept
Authors: Mierzwa Danuta , Tomaszycki Marek 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe article presents a multifaceted analysis of threats to Central and Eastern Europe by the Russian Federation. Russia’s imperial policy, as set out in Gerasimov doctrines in 2013 and 2019, forced NATO to develop a new strategic concept. NATO’s new strategic concept was put forward at NATO Summits of 2018 and 2019 by Member State leaders, and it defines a new strategy to deter a potential aggressor. The new strategic concept is based on NATO’s strategy of cohesion and coherence discussed in detail in this article. NATO’s new strategic concept was a result of Russian military operations in Ukraine, Georgia, Estonia and Montenegro, as well as the deployment of Russian forces on Russia’s western and southern borders. Nowadays, when the application of a new strategy can give a significant advantage, Russia’s imperial policy using cutting edge technology seems unpredictable, as it does not give the enemy a chance to repel an attack in a timely manner. Thus, NATO’s new strategic concept contributes to creating a space of security cooperation for Member States.
Nonuniqueness of generalized quantum master equations for a single observable
Authors: Ng Nathan , Limmer David T. , Rabani Eran 
Published: September 2021

When deriving exact generalized master equations for the evolution of a reduced set of degrees of freedom, one is free to choose what quantities are relevant by specifying projection operators. However, obtaining a reduced description does not always need to be achieved through projections—one can also use conservation laws for this purpose. Such an operation should be considered as distinct from any kind of projection; that is, projection onto a single observable yields a different form of master equation compared to that resulting from a projection followed by the application of a constraint. We give a simple example to show this point and give relationships that the different memory kernels must satisfy to yield the same dynamics.
Unraveling the hidden role of a uORF-encoded peptide as a kinase inhibitor of PKCs
Authors: Jayaram Divya Ram , Frost Sigal , Argov Chanan , Liju Vijayasteltar Belsamma , Anto Nikhil Ponnoor , Muraleedharan Amitha , Ben-Ari Assaf , Sinay Rose , Smoly Ilan , Novoplansky Ofra , Isakov Noah , Toiber Debra , Keasar Chen , Elkabets Moshe , Yeger-Lotem Esti , Livneh Etta 
Published: September 2021

SignificanceBioinformatic analysis revealed that approximately 40% of human messenger RNAs contain upstream open reading frames (uORFs) in their 5′ untranslated regions. Some of these sequences are translated, but the function of the encoded peptides remains unknown. Our study revealed a uORF encoding for a peptide exhibiting kinase inhibitory activity. This uORF, upstream of a PKC family member, possess the typical pseudosubstrate motif, which autoinhibits the catalytic activity of all PKCs. Using mouse models and human cells, we show that this peptide inhibits cancer cell survival, tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis and synergizes with chemotherapy by interfering with DNA damage response. Together, we point to a previously unrecognized function of a uORF-encoded peptide as a kinase inhibitor, pertinent to cancer therapy.
Circuit-specific enteric glia regulate intestinal motor neurocircuits
Authors: Ahmadzai Mohammad M. , Seguella Luisa , Gulbransen Brian D. 
Published: September 2021

Significance
Neurons have long been considered the main active cell type within the circuitry of the enteric nervous system (ENS), giving rise to a neurocentric paradigm that has tended to overlook the role of enteric glia as key regulators of gut motility. Understanding how simple synapse-level interactions give rise to complex, network-level behaviors remains a fundamental problem in neurogastroenterology. We show that enteric glia and neurons interact in a cell- and network-specific manner and that enteric glia display functional heterogeneity based on selective signaling with particular neuron subtypes and circuits belonging to overlapping ascending, descending, and circumferential pathways of the ENS. Enteric glia thus function as logic gates to modify neural network activity through purinergic and cholinergic mechanisms.
Computational modeling identifies multitargeted kinase inhibitors as effective therapies for metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Bello Thomas , Paindelli Claudia , Diaz-Gomez Luis A. , Melchiorri Anthony , Mikos Antonios G. , Nelson Peter S. , Dondossola Eleonora , Gujral Taranjit S. 
Published: September 2021

Significance
Metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is an advanced prostate cancer with limited therapeutic options and poor patient outcomes. To investigate whether multitargeted kinase inhibitors (KIs) represent an opportunity for mCRPC drug development, we applied machine learning–based functional screening and identified two KIs, PP121 and SC-1, which demonstrated strong suppression of CRPC growth in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we show the marked ability of these KIs to improve on standard-of-care chemotherapy in both tumor response and survival, suggesting that combining multitargeted KIs with chemotherapy represents a promising avenue for mCRPC treatment. Overall, our findings demonstrate the application of a multidisciplinary strategy that blends bench science with machine-learning approaches for rapidly identifying KIs that result in desired phenotypic effects.
Altered effective connectivity in sensorimotor cortices is a signature of severity and clinical course in depression
Authors: Ray Dipanjan , Bezmaternykh Dmitry , Mel’nikov Mikhail , Friston Karl J. , Das Moumita 
Published: September 2021

Significance
Research into neurobiology of depression primarily focuses on its complex psychological aspects. Here we propose an alternative approach and target sensorimotor alterations—a prominent but often neglected feature of depression. We demonstrated using resting-state functional MRI data and computational modeling that top-down and bottom-up information flow in sensory and motor cortices is altered with increasing depression severity in a way that is consistent with depression symptoms. Depression-associated changes were found to be consistent across sessions, amenable to treatment and of effect size sufficiently large to predict whether somebody has mild or severe depression. These results pave the way for an avenue of research into the neural underpinnings of mental health conditions.
Encoding hierarchical assembly pathways of proteins with DNA
Authors: Hayes Oliver G. , Partridge Benjamin E. , Mirkin Chad A. 
Published: September 2021

Significance
Structural sophistication in nature would not be possible without hierarchical assembly: the concept that an initial building block (e.g., polypeptide) contains all necessary structural and chemical information to determine its assembly along a multistep pathway to generate a complex architecture (e.g., viral capsid). Translating this concept to synthetic systems is an outstanding challenge. Here, we use DNA—the blueprint of life—to direct the hierarchical assembly of proteins. Through DNA design, we can change the directionality of protein assembly and pathway by which protein–DNA conjugates will assemble as well as realize distinct structures by directing assembly along different pathways. These findings will facilitate the assembly of protein–DNA materials with structural complexity more closely approaching that observed in nature.
Ice needles weave patterns of stones in freezing landscapes
Authors: Li Anyuan , Matsuoka Norikazu , Niu Fujun , Chen Jing , Ge Zhenpeng , Hu Wensi , Li Desheng , Hallet Bernard , van de Koppel Johan , Goldenfeld Nigel , Liu Quan-Xing 
Published: September 2021

Significance
Self-organization is increasingly recognized as fundamental to pattern formation in geomorphology. Relative to other fields, however, underlying mechanisms have received little attention from theoreticians. Here, we introduce phase separation theory to study the formation of sorted patterned ground in cold regions; “sorted” refers to the segregation of soil and stones due to feedbacks between stone concentration and recurring ice growth. Using detailed measurements of the concentration of stones in soil and their displacements, we demonstrate that phase separation accounts for the observed sorting and patterns. Our study highlights phase separation theory as a source of important insight into studying ground patterns in cold regions and their potential value in signaling important changes in ground conditions with the warming climate.
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Co-60 of activity measurements of the radionuclide 60Co to include the 2019 result of the VNIIM (Russian Federation)
Authors: Michotte C , Courte S , Nonis M , Coulon R , Judge S , Alekseev I V , Zanevsky A V , Zhukov G V 
Published: September 2021

Main text
Since 1976, 29 laboratories have submitted 73 samples of 60Co to the International Reference System (SIR) for activity comparison at the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), with comparison identifier BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Co-60. Recently, the VNIIM (Russian Federation) participated in the comparison and the key comparison reference value (KCRV) has been updated. The degrees of equivalence between each equivalent activity measured in the SIR and the updated KCRV have been calculated and the results are given in the form of a table. A graphical presentation is also given.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Retrieval of the conductivity spectrum of tissues in vitro with novel multimodal tomography
Authors: Lehti-Polojärvi M , Räsänen M J , Viiri L E , Vuorenpää H , Miettinen S , Seppänen A , Hyttinen J 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: Imaging of tissue engineered three-dimensional (3D) specimens is challenging due to their thickness. We propose a novel multimodal imaging technique to obtain multi-physical 3D images and the electrical conductivity spectrum of tissue engineered specimens in vitro. Approach: We combine simultaneous recording of rotational multifrequency electrical impedance tomography (R-mfEIT) with optical projection tomography (OPT). Structural details of the specimen provided by OPT are used here as geometrical priors for R-mfEIT. Main results: This data fusion enables accurate retrieval of the conductivity spectrum of the specimen. We demonstrate experimentally the feasibility of the proposed technique using a potato phantom, adipose and liver tissues, and stem cells in biomaterial spheroids. The results indicate that the proposed technique can distinguish between viable and dead tissues and detect the presence of stem cells. Significance: This technique is expected to become a valuable tool for monitoring tissue engineered specimens’ growth and viability in vitro.
Electroforming free enhanced resistive switching in reduced graphene oxide films embedded with silver nanoparticles for nonvolatile memory applications
Authors: Singh Rakesh , Kumar Ravi , Kumar Anil , Kumar Dinesh , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based resistive random access memory (RRAM), embedded with Ag NPs, for nonvolatile memory applications has been investigated. The device exhibited enhanced I
on/I
off current ratio at lower switching voltage. The rGO-Ag thin film was deposited by spin-coating technique on an indium tin oxide coated glass substrate. Top contacts of aluminum (Al) were deposited by thermal evaporation technique for electrical measurements. The morphology of thin film has been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and elemental quantification has been done using energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. The structural and chemical analysis of thin film has been performed using x-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. During applied potential, the device switches between two resistance states; low resistance state (LRS) and high resistance state (HRS). Initially when potential is applied across the device, the deposited thin film (rGO-Ag) was found in LRS which did not require initial forming voltage to activate the device. The requirement of this forming voltage may induce severe mechanical and electrical stress in the device and degrades the device performance. The rGO-Ag-based RRAM devices required (<1 V) to switch from LRS to HRS or vice versa with a large (∼103) on/off current ratio. The electrical stability of the devices has been tested for 4 × 103 s and repeatability for >60 cycles, which did not exhibit too much degradation. In rGO-Ag thin film-based RRAM devices, Ag NPs act as charge trapping sites, which results in enhanced switching characteristics. The trapping and detrapping mechanism of charges by Ag NPs is responsible for the enhanced switching characteristics in these films.
Electro-lattice actuator: a compliant high-contractile active lattice structure
Authors: Hoh Sam , Helps Tim , Diteesawat Richard Suphapol , Taghavi Majid , Rossiter Jonathan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Electro-ribbon actuators are high-performance electrically-driven artificial muscles with high flexibility, low mass, low power consumption, high contraction, and high force-to-weight ratio. They show great promise for driving the deployment of compact folding structures. This article presents the electro-lattice actuator (ELA), a compliant, three-dimensional, free-standing lattice structure that uses this phenomenon to contract to a flat sheet upon the application of a potential difference. The ELA was designed in the form of multiple interconnected buckled structures and fabricated using polyvinyl chloride sheets and tape and copper electrodes. The ELA structure was pre-set into an open-cell configuration by annealing in an oven. Isometric testing at varying compressions showed that the tensile stress of the proposed lattice actuator reaches a maximum of 184 Pa (a 472 Pa change in tensile stress compared with its unactuated state). A cuboid shaped ELA (13.6 cm length × 10.0 cm width × 5.4 cm height) achieved a contraction of 92.6% and a contraction rate of 35.6% s−1. The novel ELA opens up the use of electro-ribbon actuation to more complex and more effective 3D actuating and deploying structures.
Source space reduction for eLORETA
Authors: Faes A , de Borman A , Van Hulle M M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective. We introduce Sparse exact low resolution electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA), a novel method for estimating a nonparametric solution to the source localization problem. Its goal is to generate a sparser solution compared to other source localization methods including eLORETA while benefitting from the latter’s superior source localization accuracy. Approach. Sparse eLORETA starts by reducing the source space of the Lead Field Matrix using structured sparse Bayesian learning from which a Reduced Lead Field Matrix is constructed, which is used as input to eLORETA. Main results. With Sparse eLORETA, source sparsity can be traded against signal fidelity; the proposed optimum is shown to yield a much sparser solution than eLORETA’s with only a slight loss in signal fidelity. Significance. When pursuing a data-driven approach, for cases where it is difficult to choose specific regions of interest, or when subsequently a connectivity analysis is performed, source space reduction could prove beneficial.
Prediction of polar vortex intensity signal based on convolution smoothing and long short-term memory
Authors: Peng Kecheng , Cao Xiaoqun , Xiao Chaohao , Tian Wenlong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Polar vortex is an important weather system that affects the atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere and the climate change in the Arctic. The intensity variation of polar vortex is related to El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Arctic Oscillation (AO) and many other climate phenomena. However, there are few researches on the prediction of polar vortex intensity change, our study analyzes and predicts the intensity variation of the Northern Hemisphere stratospheric polar vortex, and further uses convolution smoothing and depth learning methods to improve the accuracy of the prediction. The result shows that the long-short time memory network method’s prediction accuracy is not enough high. After the convolution smoothing of the time series of intensity signal, the prediction accuracy of neural network has been significantly improved. The average absolute error of the traditional long short-term memory network method is 18.29, while the average absolute error of the smoothed prediction intensity and the actual intensity is 13.77. In addition, the correlation between the predicted results and the real values is also as high as 0.9981.
Analysis and Research on Radar Gesture Micro-motion Feature Extraction Method
Authors: Dong Yaoyao , Qu Wei , Gao Tianhao , Wang Pengda , Jiang Haohao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Radar gesture recognition technology is widely used in daily life, and the micro motion feature is the key information to distinguish the feature quantity of different gestures. The extraction of micro motion feature is the key step of radar gesture recognition. Joint time-frequency analysis is a common method for radar signal micro motion feature extraction. Firstly, this paper makes a theoretical analysis of the common joint time-frequency analysis methods; Then radar gesture model is completed, and the performance of different JTFA is compared by extracting the time-frequency features of the motion gesture echo; Finally, the measured data are collected under the condition of microwave anechoic chamber. After analysis, the theoretical simulation results are consistent with the measured data, which verifies the reliability of the simulation.
Residual Attention Fusion Network for Single Image Super-Resolution
Authors: Zhang Hao , Lan Chuwen , Gao Zehua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Recently, a very deep convolutional neural network (CNN) demonstrated influential performance in the field of single image super-resolution (SISR). However, most of the CNN-based methods focus on designing deeper and wider network structures alone and do not use the hierarchical and global features in the input image. Therefore, we proposed a residual attention fusion network (RAFN), which is an improved residual fusion (RF) framework, to effectively extract hierarchical features for use in single-image super-resolution. The proposed framework comprises two residual fusion structures composed of several residual and fusion modules, and a continuous memory mechanism is realized by adding a long and short jump connection. The network focuses on learning more effective features. Furthermore, to maximize the power of the RF framework, we introduced global context attention (GCA) module that can model the global context and capture long-distance dependencies. The final RAFN was constructed by applying the proposed RF framework to the GCA blocks. Extensive experiments showed that the proposed network achieved improved performance in the SISR method with fewer parameters, as compared to the methods proposed in previous studies.