bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective Implantation of Diamines for Cooperative Catalysis in Isoreticular Heterometallic Titanium–Organic Frameworks
Authors: López‐Maya Elena , Padial Natalia M. , Castells‐Gil Javier , Ganivet Carolina R. , Rubio‐Gaspar Ana , Cirujano Francisco G. , Almora‐Barrios Neyvis , Tatay Sergio , Navalón Sergio , Martí‐Gastaldo Carlos 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe introduce the first example of isoreticular titanium–organic frameworks, MUV‐10 and MUV‐12, to show how the different affinity of hard Ti(IV) and soft Ca(II) metal sites can be used to direct selective grafting of amines. This enables the combination of Lewis acid titanium centers and available ‐NH2 sites in two sizeable pores for cooperative cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The selective grafting of molecules to heterometallic clusters adds up to the pool of methodologies available for controlling the positioning and distribution of chemical functions in precise positions of the framework required for definitive control of pore chemistry.
Soybean Oil and Nonthermal Plasma Pretreatment to Dye Para‐Aramid Woven Fabrics with Disperse Dye Using a Glycerol‐Based Dye Bath
Authors: Morris Mary , Ye Xiaofei P. , Doona Christopher J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHigh‐performance para‐aramid fibers offer a number of uses as strong, lightweight materials for protective vests, helmets, tires, and other applications. The chemically inert nature of the fibers makes them difficult to dye or durably print by conventional dyeing techniques for textiles, and solution dyeing during production of the fibers can limit the color of para‐aramid fabrics to the color of the spun yarn prior to weaving or knitting and thereby limit the practical applications of these textiles as protective outerwear. This study presents a new method developed to improve the dyeing of woven para‐aramid fabrics with a disperse dye. Specifically, sequential experimentation proves the beneficial effects of first soaking para‐aramid fabrics in soybean oil followed by surface treatment with atmospheric nonthermal plasma and using glycerol as the dispersant and sodium chloride as an electrolyte without the addition of other auxiliary chemicals. Under the optimized treatment conditions of this study, the color strength (K/S value) of dyed para‐aramid fabrics increased to 3.89 from 0.35 of the untreated samples as determined from spectral analysis of the sample reflectance in the visible range. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed that the high content of unsaturated fatty acids in soybean oil and their interaction with reactive species in the ambient nonthermal plasma were the primary factors for improving the color strength of the dyed para‐aramid fabrics.
Trends and racial disparities in aggressive end‐of‐life care for a national sample of women with ovarian cancer
Authors: Mullins Megan A. , Ruterbusch Julie J. , Clarke Philippa , Uppal Shitanshu , Wallner Lauren P. , Cote Michele L. 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUNDThe clinical landscape has moved toward less aggressive end‐of‐life care for women with ovarian cancer. However, whether there has been a decline in the use of aggressive end‐of‐life services is unknown. The authors evaluated current national trends and racial disparities in end‐of‐life care among women with ovarian cancer using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results‐Medicare–linked data set.METHODSIn total, 7756 Medicare beneficiaries aged >66 years with ovarian cancer who died between 2007 and 2016 were identified. The authors examined trends and racial disparities in late hospice or no hospice use, >1 emergency department (ED) visit, intensive care unit admission, >1 hospitalization, terminal hospitalization, chemotherapy, and invasive and/or life‐extending procedures using multivariable logistic regression.RESULTSThe median hospice length of stay did not change over time; however, women were increasingly admitted to the intensive care unit and had multiple ED visits in the last month of life (P < .001). Not enrolling in hospice at the end of life and terminal hospitalizations decreased over time (P < .001). Non‐White women were more likely to receive aggressive end‐of‐life care, particularly for hospital‐related utilization and life‐extending procedures, whereas non‐Hispanic Black women were more likely to have >1 ED visit (odds ratio, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.57‐2.64) or life‐extending procedures (odds ratio, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.45‐2.48) compared with non‐Hispanic White women.CONCLUSIONSDespite clinical guidelines and increasing emphasis on reducing aggressive end‐of‐life care, the use of aggressive end‐of‐life care for women with ovarian cancer persists, and care is most aggressive for non‐White women.
Lymphoreticular malignancies in serous effusions: Cytomorphologic, flow cytometric and immunocytochemical analysis
Authors: Gupta Parikshaa , Pandey Tushar , Gautam Upasana , Rajwanshi Arvind , Srinivasan Radhika , Gupta Nalini , Rohilla Manish , Varma Neelam , Dey Pranab 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionInvolvement of body fluids by lymphoreticular malignancies (LRM) is rare and often associated with poor prognosis and decreased overall survival. The present study was conducted to analyze the characteristic cytomorphologic, flow cytometric and immunocytochemical features of LRMs in serous effusions.Materials and methodsThis was a three‐year retrospective study. A total of 218 effusion samples, reported as involved by lymphoreticular malignancies, on cytology, were reviewed. All the cases wherein the cytological diagnosis was confirmed by flow cytometric (FCM) and/or immunocytochemical (ICC) studies were retrieved and studied in detail. FCM and/or ICC were performed in a total of 51/218(23.4%) samples, including 30 pleural (58.8%), 18 peritoneal (35.3%), and 3 pericardial fluid (5.9%) samples.ResultsThe cytomorphologic diagnoses included infiltration by non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL;n = 27), infiltration by LRM (n = 19), infiltration by chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL;n = 2), Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL;n = 1) and suggestive of infiltration by LRM (n = 2). FCM and/or ICC confirmed the diagnoses as infiltration by T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma in 18; mature B‐cell NHL in 10; Burkitt lymphoma in 7; diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in 4; follicular lymphoma, T‐ cell NHL and CLL in 2 samples each and hairy cell leukemia, plasmablastic lymphoma and HL in 1 sample each. 94.1% concordance was noted between the initial and final cytologic diagnosis.ConclusionsInvolvement of body fluids and effusions by LRMs, though rare, carries an immense prognostic significance and hence the prompt detection is crucial. Detection of these malignancies by cytologic examination of effusions is challenging yet potentially useful and the least invasive method available to establish an early diagnosis.
Assessing model performance via the most limiting environmental driver in two differently stressed pine stands
Authors: Nadal‐Sala Daniel , Grote Rüdiger , Birami Benjamin , Lintunen Anna , Mammarella Ivan , Preisler Yakir , Rotenberg Eyal , Salmon Yann , Tatarinov Fedor , Yakir Dan , Ruehr Nadine K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractClimate change will impact forest productivity worldwide. Forecasting the magnitude of such impact, with multiple environmental stressors changing simultaneously, is only possible with the help of process‐based models. In order to assess their performance, such models require careful evaluation against measurements. However, direct comparison of model outputs against observational data is often not reliable, as models may provide the right answers due to the wrong reasons. This would severely hinder forecasting abilities under unprecedented climate conditions. Here, we present a methodology for model assessment, which supplements the traditional output‐to‐observation model validation. It evaluates model performance through its ability to reproduce observed seasonal changes of the most limiting environmental driver (MLED) for a given process, here daily gross primary productivity (GPP). We analyzed seasonal changes of the MLED for GPP in two contrasting pine forests, the MediterraneanPinus halepensisMill. Yatir (Israel) and the borealPinus sylvestrisL. Hyytiälä (Finland) from three years of eddy‐covariance flux data. Then, we simulated the same period with a state‐of‐the‐art process‐based simulation model (LandscapeDNDC). Finally, we assessed if the model was able to reproduce both GPP observations and MLED seasonality. We found that the model reproduced the seasonality of GPP in both stands, but it was slightly overestimated without site‐specific fine‐tuning. Interestingly, although LandscapeDNDC properly captured the main MLED in Hyytiälä (temperature) and in Yatir (soil water availability), it failed to reproduce high‐temperature and high‐vapor pressure limitations of GPP in Yatir during spring and summer. We deduced that the most likely reason for this divergence is an incomplete description of stomatal behavior. In summary, this study validates the MLED approach as a model evaluation tool, and opens up new possibilities for model improvement.
How to Pack a Punch – Why 3D Batteries are Essential
Authors: Horowitz Yonatan , Strauss Ela , Peled Emanuel , Golodnitsky Diana 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe miniaturization of implantable medical devices, remote microsensors and transmitters, “smart” cards, and Internet of Things (IoT) systems is impeded by the absence of high‐performance micro‐size power sources. Insufficient areal energy density from thin‐film planar microbatteries has inspired a search for three‐dimensional microbatteries (3DMB) with the use of low‐cost and efficient micro‐ and nano‐scale materials and techniques. In our short review, we present our outlook on the state‐of‐the‐art development of advanced 3D‐microbattery designs and methods of the fabrication of electrode materials. Special attention is given to the 3D‐printing approach, which holds many opportunities for the mass production of microbatteries and their direct integration with electronic devices.
Differential effects of dexamethasone on arterial stiffness, myocardial remodeling and blood pressure between normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Tardelli Lidieli P. , Duchatsch Francine , Herrera Naiara A. , Vicentini Carlos Alberto , Okoshi Katashi , Amaral Sandra L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDexamethasone (DEX)‐induced hypertension is observed in normotensive rats, but little is known about the effects of DEX on spontaneously hypertensive animals (SHR). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of DEX on hemodynamics, cardiac hypertrophy and arterial stiffness in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Wistar rats and SHR were treated with DEX (50 μg/kg s.c., 14 d) or saline. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), echocardiographic parameters, blood pressure (BP), autonomic modulation and histological analyses of heart and thoracic aorta were performed. SHR had higher BP compared with Wistar, associated with autonomic unbalance to the heart. Echocardiographic changes in SHR (vs. Wistar) were suggestive of cardiac remodeling: higher relative wall thickness (RWT, +28%) and left ventricle mass index (LVMI, +26%) and lower left ventricle systolic diameter (LVSD, −19%) and LV diastolic diameter (LVDD, −10%), with slightly systolic dysfunction and preserved diastolic dysfunction. Also, SHR had lower myocardial capillary density and similar collagen deposition area. PWV was higher in SHR due to higher aortic collagen deposition. DEX‐treated Wistar rats presented higher BP (~23%) and autonomic unbalance. DEX did not change cardiac structure in Wistar, but PWV (+21%) and aortic collagen deposition area (+21%) were higher compared with control. On the other side, DEX did not change BP or autonomic balance to the heart in SHR, but reduced RWT and LV collagen deposition area (−12% vs. SHRCT). In conclusion, the results suggest a differential effect of dexamethasone on arterial stiffness, myocardial remodeling and blood pressure between normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Assessment of 12 qualitative RT‐PCR commercial kits for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Altamimi Asmaa M. , Obeid Dalia A. , Alaifan Taghreed A. , Taha Moroje T. , Alhothali Marwa T. , Alzahrani Fahad A. , Albarrag Ahmad M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe emergence of the novel coronavirus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in the late months of 2019 had the officials to declare a public health emergency leading to a global response. Public measurements rely on an accurate diagnosis of individuals infected with the virus by using real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The aim of our study is to relate the fundamental clinical and analytical performance of SARS‐CoV‐2 (RT‐PCR) commercial kits. A total of 94 clinical samples were selected. Generally, 400  µl of each respiratory specimen was subjected to extraction using ExiPrep 96 Viral RNA Kit. All kits master mix preparation, cycling protocol, thermocycler, and results interpretation were carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions of use and recommendations. The performance of the kits was comparable except for the LYRA kit as it was less sensitive (F = 67, p < .001). Overall, four kits scored a sensitivity of 100% including: BGI, IQ Real, Sansure, and RADI. For specificity, all the tested kits scored above 95%. The performance of these commercial kits by gene target showed no significant change in CT values which indicates that kits disparities are mainly linked to the oligonucleotide of the gene target. We believe that most of the commercially available RT‐PCR kits included in this study can be used for routine diagnosis of patients with SARS‐CoV‐2. We recommend including kits with multiple targets in order to monitor the virus changes over time.
Exogenous l‐lactate promotes astrocyte plasticity but is not sufficient for enhancing striatal synaptogenesis or motor behavior in mice
Authors: Lundquist Adam J. , Gallagher Tyler J. , Petzinger Giselle M. , Jakowec Michael W. 
Published: February 2021

Abstractl‐Lactate is an energetic and signaling molecule that may be produced through astrocyte‐specific aerobic glycolysis and is elevated in striatal muscle during intensive exercise. l‐Lactate has been shown to promote neurotrophic gene expression through astrocytes within the hippocampus, however, its role in neuroplasticity within the striatum remains unknown. This study sought to investigate the role of peripheral sources of l‐lactate in promoting astrocyte‐specific gene expression and morphology as well as its role in neuroplasticity within the striatum of healthy animals. Using in vitro primary astrocyte cell culture, administration of l‐lactate increased the expression of the neurotrophic factors Bdnf, Gdnf, Cntf, and the immediate early gene cFos. l‐Lactate's promotion of neurotrophic factor expression was mediated through the lactate receptor HCAR1 since application of the HCAR1 agonist 3,5‐DHBA also increased expression of Bdnf in primary astrocytes. Similar to our previous report demonstrating exercise‐induced changes in astrocytic structure within the striatum, l‐lactate administration to healthy mice led to increased astrocyte morphological complexity as well as astrocyte‐specific neurotrophic expression within the striatum. Our study failed to demonstrate an effect of peripheral l‐lactate on synaptogenesis or motor behavior. Insufficient levels and/or inadequate delivery of l‐lactate through regional cerebral blood flow within the striatum may account for the lack of these benefits. Taken together, these novel findings suggest a potential framework that links peripheral l‐lactate production within muscle and intensive exercise with neuroplasticity of specific brain regions through astrocytic function.
Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Cervical Adenitis Syndrome: Relapse and Tonsillar Regrowth After Childhood Tonsillectomy
Authors: Lantto Ulla , Koivunen Petri , Tapiainen Terhi , Renko Marjo 
Published: February 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTonsillectomy is an effective treatment for periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome, but the role of adenoidectomy, as well as later tonsillar regrowth, is unclear. To find out if the volume of lymphoid tissue is pivotal to the efficacy, we analyzed the association between the relapse of the symptoms of PFAPA syndrome and regrowth of tonsillar tissue after tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy.Study DesignProspective cohort study of operated PFAPA pateints.MethodsWe invited all patients that had undergone tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy due to PFAPA syndrome at the Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland, between the years 1990 and 2007, at the age of ≤12 years, to a follow‐up visit, after an average period of 9.8 years after their diagnoses. Out of the 132 invited, 94 (71%) participated in the follow‐up study.ResultsAt the follow‐up study visit, 5 (5%) of the 94 PFAPA syndrome cases experienced recurrent fevers. The regrowth of palatine tonsillar tissue was seen in four of them (80%) as compared to 19/89 (21%) of symptom‐free patients (P = .006). Two of the patients with clear PFAPA relapse at the time of the study visit were reoperated with clear effect on the symptoms. At the time of the study visit, 59/63 (94%) of the patients who had undergone adenotonsillectomy and 30/31 of the patients (97%) who had undergone tonsillectomy earlier were free of fever flares (P = .99).ConclusionPalatine tonsil regrowth was associated with PFAPA syndrome relapse after tonsillectomy. Reoperation might be a treatment option in these patients.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E2149–E2152, 2021
HPV‐16/18 E6‐induced APOBEC3B expression associates with proliferation of cervical cancer cells and hypomethylation of Cyclin D1
Authors: Fan Qiong , Huang Ting , Sun Xiao , Wang Yi‐Wei , Wang Jing , Liu Yao , Ni Ting , Gu Sheng‐Lan , Li Yu‐Hong , Wang Yu‐Dong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOncogenic high‐risk human papillomavirus (HR‐HPV) infection causes a majority of cases of cervical cancer and pre‐cancerous cervical lesions. However, the mechanisms underlying the direct evolution from HPV‐16/18‐infected epithelium to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) III, which can progress to cervical cancer, remain poorly identified. Here, we performed RNA‐seq after laser capture microdissection, and found that APOBEC3B was highly expressed in cervical cancer specimens compared with CIN III with HPV‐16/18 infection. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that high levels of APOBEC3B were correlated with lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer. Subsequent experiments revealed that HPV‐16 E6 could upregulate APOBEC3B through direct binding to the promoter of APOBEC3B in cervical cancer cells. Silencing of APOBEC3B by stable short hairpin RNA‐mediated knockdown reduced the proliferative capacity of Caski and HeLa cells in vitro and in vivo, but had only a small effect on the migration and invasion of two cervical cancer cell lines. Finally, we identified the changes in gene expression following APOBEC3B silencing in Caski cells by microarray, demonstrating a biological link between APOBEC3B and CCND1 in cervical cancer cells. Importantly, through methyl‐capture sequencing and pyrosequencing, APOBEC3B was found to affect the levels of the downstream protein Cyclin D1 (which is encoded by the CCND1 gene) through hypomethylation of the CCND1 promoter. In conclusion, our study supports HPV‐16 E6‐induced APOBEC3B expression associates with proliferation of cervical cancer cells and hypomethylation of Cyclin D1. Thus, APOBEC3B may be a potential therapeutic target in human cervical cancer.
Concordance and characterization of massively parallel sequencing at 58 STRs in a Tibetan population
Authors: Li Hui , Zhang Cheng , Song Guoqing , Ma Ke , Cao Yu , Zhao Xueying , Yang Qinrui , Xie Jianhui 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundMassively parallel sequencing (MPS) is a promising supplementary method for forensic casework in short tandem repeats (STRs) genotyping, owing to several advantageous features in comparison to traditional capillary electrophoresis (CE). However, the application of MPS in casework requires accessible datasets from the worldwide population to enrich the allele frequencies of sequence‐based STR genotypes.MethodsIn this study, we report the characterization of sequence‐based allele frequencies of 58 STRs from a Tibetan population comprising 120 unrelated individuals using the ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep Kit. A concordance study evaluating MPS and CE allele data was performed to ensure that MPS is compatible with current CE‐based forensic databases. The diversity of observed alleles, allele frequencies, and forensic parameters per locus by length (LB), sequence without flanking region (RSB), and sequence with flanking region (FSB) were analyzed and compared.ResultsThe concordance study demonstrated a concordance rate exceeding 99%. The combined random match probability (RMP) for the 26 A‐STRs was 2.04 × 10–29, 1.93 × 10–31, and 9.56 × 10–33 for LB, RSB, and FSB, respectively. Similar trends were observed in other forensic parameters resulting from the increase in the number of unique alleles available. A total of 111 and 113 unique haplotypes in the Y‐STR loci were observed when using length‐based and sequence‐based alleles, respectively. In addition, we identified 35 novel alleles at 25 loci and 25 polymorphisms in the flanking regions at 17 STRs.ConclusionsOur data suggest that MPS‐ and CE‐derived alleles are compatible. MPS‐based analysis of the STR data substantially increased the allele diversity and improved the forensic parameters, which clearly demonstrated the advantages of MPS in comparison to CE. With more pooled data and larger‐scale validation, MPS could play a valuable role in forensic genetics and might be an additional tool for routine casework.
Lycium ruthenicum Anthocyanins Attenuate High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Colonic Barrier Dysfunction and Inflammation in Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota
Authors: Tian Baoming , Zhao Jianhua , Zhang Min , Chen Zhifei , Ma Qingyu , Liu Huicui , Nie Chenxi , Zhang Ziqi , An Wei , Li Juxiu 
Published: February 2021

ScopeGut barrier dysfunction and inflammation originating from a dysbiotic gut microbiota (GM) are strongly associated with a high‐fat diet (HFD). Anthocyanins from Lycium ruthenicum (ACs) show antiobesity effects through modulating the GM. However, the mechanism linking the antiobesity effects of ACs and GM modulation remains obscure.Methods and resultsTo investigate the ameliorative effects of ACs on colonic barrier dysfunction and inflammation, mice are fed an HFD with or without ACs at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg kg−1 for 12 weeks. AC supplementation reduced weight gain, enriched short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA)‐producing bacteria (e.g., Ruminococcaceae, Muribaculaceae, Akkermansia, Ruminococcaceae_UCG‐014, and Bacteroides) and SCFA content, depleted endotoxin‐producing bacteria (e.g., Helicobacter and Desulfovibrionaceae), and decreased endotoxin (i.e., lipopolysaccharide) levels. SCFAs substantially activated G protein‐coupled receptors (GPRs), inhibited histone deacetylases (HDAC), increased intestinal tight junction mRNA and protein expression levels, reduced intestinal permeability, and protected intestinal barrier integrity in HFD‐induced mice. These effects mitigate intestinal inflammation by inhibiting the LPS/NF‐κB/TLR4 pathway.ConclusionThese data indicates that ACs can mitigate colonic barrier dysfunction and inflammation, induce SCFA production and inhibit endotoxin production by modulating the GM in HFD‐fed mice. This finding provides a clue for understanding the antiobesity effects of ACs.