bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHLD score, a new score based on traditional risk factor evaluation and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Gieszczyk-Strózik Klaudia , Wybraniec Maciej T. , Widuchowska Małgorzata , Brzezińska-Wcisło Ligia , Kotyla Przemysław , Kucharz Eugeniusz , Mizia-Stec Katarzyna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the predictors of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) without pulmonary arterial hypertension. The study comprised 68 patients with SSc who were followed up for the median time of 99 (96; 107) months. The main exclusion criteria involved tricuspid regurgitation maximal velocity > 2.8 m/s and structural heart disease. At baseline the patients underwent clinical assessment of cardiovascular risk factors, 6-min walk test, transthoracic echocardiography and biomarker testing, including growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15). The primary composite endpoint was onset of MACE defined as death, myocardial infarction, myocardial revascularization and hospitalization for heart failure. The follow-up consisted of outpatient visits at 1 year intervals and telephone interview every 6 months. The baseline analysis revealed that chronic kidney disease (HR 28.13, 95%CI 4.84–163.38), lung fibrosis on high resolution computed tomography (HR 4.36, 95%CI 1.04–18.26) and GDF-15 concentration (unit HR 1.0006, 95%CI 1.0002–1.0010) were independent predictors of MACE occurrence. CHLD (Chronic kidney disease, Hypertension, hyperLipidaemia, Diabetes mellitus) score was formulated which assigned 1 point for the presence of arterial hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. After inclusion of CHLD score in Cox proportional model, it remained the only independent predictor of MACE onset (unit HR per 1 point 3.46; 95%CI 2.06–5.82, p < 0.0001). Joint assessment of traditional risk factors in the form of CHLD score may serve as a reliable predictor of long-term outcome in patients with SSc without pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Cultural adaptation: a framework for addressing an often-overlooked dimension of digital health accessibility
Authors: Marwaha Jayson S. , Kvedar Joseph C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRelatively little is known about how to make digital health tools accessible to different populations from a cultural standpoint. Alignment with cultural values and communication styles may affect these tools’ ability to diagnose and treat various conditions. In this Editorial, we highlight the findings of recent work to make digital tools for mental health more culturally accessible, and propose ways to advance this area of study.
River winds and pollutant recirculation near the Manaus city in the central Amazon
Authors: Zhao Tianning , Ye Jianhuai , Ribeiro Igor O. , Ma Yongjing , Hung Hui-Ming , Batista Carla E. , Stewart Matthew P. , Guimarães Patricia C. , Vilà-Guerau de Arellano Jordi , de Souza Rodrigo A. F. , Guenther Alex B. , Martin Scot T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLocal atmospheric recirculation flows (i.e., river winds) induced by thermal contrast between wide Amazon rivers and adjacent forests could affect pollutant dispersion, but observational platforms for investigating this possibility have been lacking. Here we collected daytime vertical profiles of meteorological variables and chemical concentrations up to 500 m with a copter-type unmanned aerial vehicle during the 2019 dry season. Cluster analysis showed that a river-forest recirculation flow occurred for 23% (13 of 56) of the profiles. In fair weather, the thermally driven river winds fully developed for synoptic wind speeds below 4 m s−1, and during these periods the vertical profiles of carbon monoxide and total oxidants (defined as ozone and nitrogen dioxide) were altered. Numerical modeling shows that the river winds can recirculate pollution back toward the riverbank. There are implications regarding air quality for the many human settlements along the rivers throughout northern Brazil.
Occupational Stress in U.S. Audiologists
Authors: Emanuel Diana C. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:The goal of this study was to explore interview data related to occupational stress in U.S. audiologists. This study is part of a larger project: The Lived Experience of the Audiologist, which seeks to develop a richer understanding of audiologists' lived experience via interview and survey research.Method:Demographic and interview data related to occupational stress were examined from 28 virtual interviews of clinical audiologists in the United States. Qualitative data relative to workplace stressors were subjected to thematic analysis. Stress ratings were examined via descriptive statistics, correlation, and comparison with demographics.Results:Self-ratings of average-day and worst-day stress were not related to work setting, years of experience, or U.S. region. Participant descriptions of workplace stressors yielded seven main themes: time, patients, administration, financial, lack of support, colleagues, and work–life balance. Some participants attributed stress response to personality traits.Conclusions:Audiologists' quotes illustrate the human impact of stressors in the workplace. The most commonly reported workplace stressors were lack of time, patient-related issues, administration, and financial issues. Time and administration as common causes of stress were consistent with prior studies conducted in other countries; however, patient-related and financial stressors were more prominent stressors for U.S. audiologists. Stress ratings were not related to work setting, location, or years of experience in the current study. Participants often linked their perception of stress to personality traits, a phenomenon that has been explored as a factor in the exploration of occupational stress in other fields, but not in audiology. Future research in stress and burnout should examine personality traits in addition to extensive demographics.
Cosmology with the submillimetre galaxies magnification bias
Authors: Bonavera L. , Cueli M. M. , González-Nuevo J. , Ronconi T. , Migliaccio M. , Lapi A. , Casas J. M. , Crespo D. 
Published: October 2021

Context.High-z submillimetre galaxies can be used as a background sample for gravitational lensing studies thanks to their magnification bias. In particular, the magnification bias can be exploited in order to constrain the free parameters of a halo occupation distribution (HOD) model and some of the main cosmological parameters. A pseudo-tomographic analysis shows that the tomographic approach should improve the parameter estimation.Aims.In this work the magnification bias has been evaluated as cosmological tool in a tomographic set-up. The cross-correlation function (CCF) data have been used to jointly constrain the astrophysical parametersMmin,M1, andαin each of the selected redshift bins as well as the cosmological parameters ΩM,σ8, andH0for the lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model. Moreover, we explore the possible time evolution of the dark energy density by also introducing theω0, ωaparameters in the joint analysis (ω0CDM andω0ωaCDM).Methods.The CCF was measured between a foreground spectroscopic sample of Galaxy And Mass Assembly galaxies and a background sample ofHerschelAstrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS) galaxies. The foreground sample was divided into four redshift bins (0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.5, and 0.5–0.8) and the sample of H-ATLAS galaxies has photometric redshifts > 1.2. The CCF was modelled using a halo model description that depends on HOD and cosmological parameters. Then a Markov chain Monte Carlo method was used to estimate the parameters for different cases.Results.For the ΛCDM model the analysis yields a maximum posterior value at 0.26 with [0.17, 0.41] 68% C.I. for ΩMand at 0.87 with [0.75, 1] 68% C.I. forσ8. With our current resultsH0is not yet constrained. With a more generalω0CDM model, the constraints on ΩMandσ8are similar, but we found a maximum posterior value forω0at −1 with [ − 1.56, −0.47] 68% C.I. In theω0ωaCDM model, the results are −1.09 with [ − 1.72, −0.66] 68% C.I. forω0and −0.19 with [ − 1.88, 1.48] 68% C.I. forωa.Conclusions.The results onMminshow a trend towards higher values at higher redshift confirming recent findings. The tomographic analysis presented in this work improves the constraints in theσ8 − ΩMplane with respect to previous findings exploiting the magnification bias and it confirms that magnification bias results do not show the degeneracy found with cosmic shear measurements. Moreover, related to dark energy, we found a trend of higherω0values for lowerH0values.
Homoadamantane and Adamantane Acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum hirsutum
Authors: Max Julianna , Heilmann Jörg 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
1H NMR-guided fractionation of the petroleum ether extract of the aerial parts from Hypericum hirsutum yielded to the isolation of 19 polyprenylated polycyclic acylphloroglucinols. Structure elucidation based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy together with high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy revealed 14 acylphloroglucinols with a homoadamantane scaffold (1–14), while 5 further compounds showed an adamantane skeleton (15–19). Except for hookerione C (15), all isolated metabolites are hitherto unknown. While structurally-related metabolites have been isolated from other Hypericum species, it is the first report of admantan and homoadamantan type acylphloroglucinols in section Taeniocarpium Jaub. & Spach (Hypericaceae). The isolated compounds have been tested in a crystal violet-based in vitro assay on their properties to reduce the proliferation of human microvascular
endothelial cells compared to hyperforin as the positive control. They showed a moderate reduction of proliferation with IC50 values in the range ~ 3 – 22 µM, with the homoadamantane-based compounds 2 and 4 being the most active. In addition, inhibition of the TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression was determined for 1 – 5, 7, and 10 – 12. Substances 3 and 12 reduced the ICAM-1 expression significantly (to 46.7% of control for 3, 62.3% for 12, at 50 µM).
Periodontal Experimental Research
Authors: Bangalore Balaram Santosh Kumar , Santosh Arvind Babu Rajendra , Galgali Sushma Ravindra 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPeriodontal research in the last few decades has shown discoveries and inventions related to techniques and material science. In the first part of the review, we have discussed the problems and difficulties faced in epidemiological research. In the second part, an overview of the difficulties encountered in experimental periodontal research has been discussed.
Perception of Medication-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws among Iraqi Medical Specialists
Authors: Al-Samman Abdurrahman A. , Al-Ani Rand Sh. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective Osteonecrosis of the jaws is the adverse effect of antiresorptive and antiangiogenic agents, which is termed as medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ). This complication, which is prominent and growing, is seen in the oral and maxillofacial region. This cross-sectional survey aimed to evaluate MRONJ awareness among Iraqi medical specialists.
Materials and Methods A questionnaire-based survey was performed on medical specialists practicing general surgery, urology, orthopedics, rheumatology, and oncology. The questionnaire consisted of four questions regarding drug prescription, patients’ preparation before drug administration, in addition to awareness and knowledge about MRONJ.
Results Among 132 specialists, 57% did not prescribe such drugs. A significant difference existed among groups regarding dental referral, and MRONJ awareness and knowledge. The highest rates were seen in the oncologist group.
Conclusions Improvement of MRONJ perception and knowledge among medical specialists, besides implementation of dental referral, are essential in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of MRONJ.
Knowledge and Response of Iraqi People on Future Health Care Changes and Visiting Dental Clinics during and after COVID-19
Authors: Khursheed Dler Ali , Rauf Aras Maruf , Kareem Fadil Abdullah , Noori Arass Jalal , Mahmood Mohammed Abdalla , Abdalrahim Rukhosh Hassan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objectives This article aimed to find out Iraqi people’s opinions on possible dental health care changes and their knowledge, attitude, and expectation toward infection controls in dental settings during and after the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Materials and Methods Different questions were presented regarding possible health care system changes, to gather people’s opinions concerning patients, dentists, and dental clinic tests for contagious viral infections, their history of vaccination, and their readiness to get vaccinated, and finally, how they would feel about visiting their local dental clinics during the COVID-19 pandemic if they faced dental problems.
Results Generally, 69% of the respondents believed that the health care system will change in Iraq. A higher percentage of health care workers than nonhealth workers had been vaccinated against hepatitis virus and approximately equal numbers indicated their readiness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and other contagious viral diseases. Additionally, a higher percentage of health care workers than Non health care workers expressed fear of contracting the infection from dental clinics and the relation was significant. More than two-thirds of respondents stated their inability to visit a dentist because all the dental clinics are closed, and they cannot find a trusted dental clinic. Likewise, the majority preferred to wait until after the outbreak or when the government provides strict control measures and guidelines for dental clinics.
Conclusion There was a common belief that the health care system will change after COVID-19 in Iraq. All agreed that dental clinics and the population should be protected against microbial cross-transmission through appropriate infection control measures and vaccination. Future health care changes should include public health education and dental health care personnel training.
Minocycline Hydrochloride as a Potential Adjuvant to Improve Osteoconductive and Osteoinductive Properties of Bone Substitutes in an Extra-Skeletal Bone Augmentation Model: Preliminary Observations in Rats
Authors: Biewer Bob , Hede Dorien Van , Rompen Eric , Mittelbronn Michel , Quatresooz Pascale , Borgmann Felix B. Kleine 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objectives The present study was performed to determine if minocycline HCl could influence the behavior of deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and bioactive glass (BG) particles when used as filler material for new bone generation in a guided bone augmentation model.
Materials and Methods Two occlusive titanium caps were placed on the rat calvaria. One filled with BG particles, the second with DBBM particles, both previously mixed with blood (control). In minocycline HCl loaded groups (experimental), grafts were additionally placed into a minocycline solution. Samples were harvested after 4, 8, and 16 weeks. Half of the samples were embedded in methylmethacrylate for undecalcified histology and the other half was fixed, decalcified, and embedded in paraffin for classical histologic analysis.
Results The control groups highlighted osteoconductive and osteoinductive responses associated to BG particles, as well as an osteoconductive reaction, in DBBM sections. The addition of minocycline HCl to BG particles had no measurable influence on the result. In minocycline HCl loaded DBBM sections; however, areas of spontaneous ossification could be observed after 8 and 16 weeks.
Conclusion Our observations suggest that minocycline HCl may add some osteoinductive properties to DBBM within the limitations of this study design. Further investigations are needed to refine the present results.
A Variation of the Components' Separation Technique that Preserves the Semilunaris for Treatment of Abdominal Wall Deformities
Authors: Barbosa Marcus Vinícius Jardini , Nahas Fábio Xerfan , Ferreira Lydia Masako 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe variation of the components' separation technique, which uses the anterior rectus sheath and the release of the oblique muscles, proved to be effective in tension reduction. This paper aimed to present the initial experience using a variation that preserves semilunaris through the incision of the lateral aspect of the rectus sheath. All of the 12 patients presented an abdominal wall defect that included incisional hernia, peritoneostomy, lateral implantation of the rectus muscle, and defect secondary to TRAM flap. The separation was done in the following stages: stage 1—anterior rectus sheath and stage 2—external oblique muscles. From the 12 patients, three presented early complications: seroma (n = 2) and epitheliolysis (n = 1). There were no recurrences or other late complications (48 months follow-up period). The separation of the anterior rectus sheath, and incision in the lateral recess to undermine the oblique muscles, allowed the treatment of abdominal wall defects, without late complications.
Dyson’s disordered linear chain from a random matrix theory viewpoint
Authors: Forrester Peter J. 
Published: October 2021

The first work of Dyson relating to random matrix theory, “The dynamics of a disordered linear chain,” is reviewed. Contained in this work is an exact solution of the so-called type I chain in the case of the disorder variables being given by a gamma distribution. The exact solution exhibits a singularity in the density of states about the origin, which has since been shown to be universal for one-dimensional tight binding models with off diagonal disorder. We discuss this context and also point out some universal features of the weak disorder expansion of the exact solution near the band edge. Furthermore, a link between the exact solution and a tridiagonal formalism of anti-symmetric Gaussian β-ensembles with β proportional to 1/N is made.
Photophysics of Ag and Au alloys of M25(SR)18 clusters
Authors: Yousefalizadeh Goonay , Stamplecoskie Kevin G. 
Published: October 2021

Superatom clusters, Au25(SR)18, and the silver analog and alloys of the two metals have been extensively investigated for their structure, stability, photoluminescence, and electronic properties. One can readily tune the physicochemical properties by varying the ratio of Au/Ag or the thiol ligand to attain desired properties, such as enhanced emission, increased stability, and catalytic activity. Herein, excitation emission matrix spectroscopy and pump–probe transient absorption spectroscopy are used to show that the excited state dynamics of Au25(SR)18, Ag25(SR)18, and their alloys differ significantly despite having similar structures. State-resolved excited state behavior that is well documented for gold clusters is largely affected by the metal composition, becoming less pronounced for silver analogs, resulting in diversity in terms of their excited state energy and relaxation dynamics and resultant photophysical properties, such as emission.
The impact of social isolation and changes in work patterns on ongoing thought during the first COVID-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom
Authors: Mckeown Brontë , Poerio Giulia L. , Strawson Will H. , Martinon Léa M. , Riby Leigh M. , Jefferies Elizabeth , McCall Cade , Smallwood Jonathan 
Published: October 2021

Significance
Since the emergence of COVID-19, lockdowns have been imposed across the globe. These lockdowns change daily life considerably, reducing opportunities to socialize and work. The current study investigated how these changes may impact people’s ongoing thought patterns by examining experience-sampling data gathered before and during the United Kingdom’s first national lockdown. We found that socializing and working were significant predictors of ongoing thought in daily life and that limiting these activities during lockdown contributed to changes in ongoing thought patterns. Our findings highlight how ongoing thought patterns are shaped by the daily activities we engage in, both during lockdowns and in more normal times.
Fermi level fluctuations, reduced effective masses and Zeeman effect during quantum oscillations in nodal line semimetals
Authors: Kar Satyaki , Saha Anupam 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We probe quantum oscillations in nodal line semimetals (NLSM) by considering an NLSM continuum model under strong magnetic field and report the characteristics of the Landau level (LL) spectra and the fluctuations in the Fermi level as the field in a direction perpendicular to the nodal plane is varied through. Based on the results on parallel magnetization, we demonstrate the growth of quantum oscillation with field strength as well as its constancy in period when plotted against 1/B. We find that the density of states (DOS) which show series of peaks in succession, witness bifurcation of those peaks due to Zeeman effect. For field normal to nodal plane, such bifurcations are discernible only if the electron effective mass is considerably smaller than its free value, which usually happens in these systems. Though a reduced effective mass m* causes the Zeeman splitting to become small compared to LL spacings, experimental results indicate a manifold increase in the Lande g factor which again amplifies the Zeeman contribution. We also consider magnetic field in the nodal plane for which the DOS peaks do not repeat periodically with energy anymore. The spectra become more spread out and the Zeeman splittings become less prominent. We find the low energy topological regime, that appears with such in-plane field set up, to shrink further with reduced m* values. However, such topological regime can be stretched out in case there are smaller Fermi velocities for electrons in the direction normal to the nodal plane.
Almost flat angles in surface superconductivity
Authors: Correggi Michele , Giacomelli Emanuela L 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Type-II superconductivity is known to persist close to the sample surface in presence of a strong magnetic field. As a consequence, the ground state energy in the Ginzburg–Landau theory is approximated by an effective one-dimensional model. As shown by Correggi and Giacomelli (2021 Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations in press), the presence of corners on the surface affects the energy of the sample with a non-trivial contribution. In (Correggi and Giacomelli 2021 Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations in press), the two-dimensional model problem providing the corner energy is implicitly identified and, although no explicit dependence of the energy on the corner opening angle is derived, a conjecture about its form is proposed. We study here such a conjecture and confirm it, at least to leading order, for corners with almost flat opening angle.
Highly irregular orbits for subshifts of finite type: large intersections and emergence
Authors: Nakano Yushi , Zelerowicz Agnieszka 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In their recent paper (2019 arXiv:1904.03424), the first author, Kiriki and Soma introduced a concept of pointwise emergence to measure the complexity of irregular orbits. They constructed a residual subset of the full shift with high pointwise emergence. In this paper we consider the set of points with high pointwise emergence for topologically mixing subshifts of finite type. We show that this set has full topological entropy, full Hausdorff dimension, and full topological pressure for any Hölder continuous potential. Furthermore, we show that this set belongs to a certain class of sets with large intersection property. This is a natural generalization of Färm and Persson (2011 Nonlinearity
24 1291–1309) to pointwise emergence and Carathéodory dimension.