bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term Outcome of Children Born to Women with Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases: A Multicentre, Nationwide Study on 299 Randomly Selected Individuals
Authors: Andreoli Laura , Nalli Cecilia , Lazzaroni Maria Grazia , Carini Chiara , Dall’Ara Francesca , Reggia Rossella , Rodrigues Marília , Benigno Carolina , Baldissera Elena , Bartoloni Elena , Basta Fabio , Bellisai Francesca , Bortoluzzi Alessandra , Campochiaro Corrado , Cantatore Francesco Paolo , Caporali Roberto , Ceribelli Angela , Chighizola Cecilia B. , Conigliaro Paola , Corrado Addolorata , Cutolo Maurizio , D’Angelo Salvatore , De Stefani Elena , Doria Andrea , Favaro Maria , Fischetti Colomba , Foti Rosario , Gabrielli Armando , Generali Elena , Gerli Roberto , Gerosa Maria , Larosa Maddalena , Maier Armin , Malavolta Nazzarena , Meroni Marianna , Meroni Pier Luigi , Montecucco Carlomaurizio , Mosca Marta , Padovan Melissa , Paolazzi Giuseppe , Pazzola Giulia , Peccatori Susanna , Perricone Roberto , Pettiti Giorgio , Picerno Valentina , Prevete Immacolata , Ramoni Véronique , Romeo Nicoletta , Ruffatti Amelia , Salvarani Carlo , Sebastiani Gian Domenico , Selmi Carlo , Serale Francesca , Sinigaglia Luigi , Tani Chiara , Trevisani Marica , Vadacca Marta , Valentini Eleonora , Valesini Guido , Visalli Elisa , Vivaldelli Ester , Zuliani Lucia , Tincani Angela 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The concern about the offspring’s health is one of the reasons for a reduced family size of women with rheumatic diseases (RD). Increased risk of autoimmune diseases (AD) and neurodevelopmental disorders (ND) has been reported in children born to patients with RD. Within a nationwide survey about reproductive issues of women with RD, we aimed at exploring the long-term outcome of their children. By surveying 398 patients who received their diagnosis of RD during childbearing age (before the age of 45), information about the offspring were obtained from 230 women who declared to have had children. A total of 148 (64.3%) patients were affected by connective tissue diseases (CTD) and 82 (35.7%) by chronic arthritis. Data on 299 children (156 males, 52.1%; mean age at the time of interview 17.1 ± 9.7 years) were collected. Twelve children (4.0%), who were born to patients with CTD in 75% of the cases, were affected by AD (8 cases of celiac disease). Eleven children had a certified diagnosis of ND (3.6%; 6 cases of learning disabilities); 9 of them were born to mothers with CTD (5 after maternal diagnosis). No association was found between ND and prenatal exposure to either maternal autoantibodies or anti-rheumatic drugs. Absolute numbers of offspring affected by AD and ND were low in a multicentre cohort of Italian women with RD. This information can be helpful for the counselling about reproductive issues, as the health outcomes of the offspring might not be an issue which discourage women with RD from having children.
Metaplastic Effects of Ketamine and MK-801 on Glutamate Receptors Expression in Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus
Authors: Piva Alessandro , Caffino Lucia , Mottarlini Francesca , Pintori Nicholas , Castillo Díaz Fernando , Fumagalli Fabio , Chiamulera Cristiano 
Published: March 2021

AbstractKetamine and MK-801 by blocking NMDA receptors may induce reinforcing effects as well as schizophrenia-like symptoms. Recent results showed that ketamine can also effectively reverse depressive signs in patients’ refractory to standard therapies. This evidence clearly points to the need of characterization of effects of these NMDARs antagonists on relevant brain areas for mood disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular changes occurring at glutamatergic synapses 24 h after ketamine or MK-801 treatment in the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus (Hipp). In particular, we analyzed the levels of the glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1), NMDA receptors, AMPA receptors subunits, and related scaffolding proteins. In the homogenate, we found a general decrease of protein levels, whereas their changes in the post-synaptic density were more complex. In fact, ketamine in the mPFC decreased the level of GLT-1 and increased the level of GluN2B, GluA1, GluA2, and scaffolding proteins, likely indicating a pattern of enhanced excitability. On the other hand, MK-801 only induced sparse changes with apparently no correlation to functional modification. Differently from mPFC, in Hipp, both substances reduced or caused no changes of glutamate receptors and scaffolding proteins expression. Ketamine decreased NMDA receptors while increased AMPA receptors subunit ratios, an effect indicative of permissive metaplastic modulation; conversely, MK-801 only decreased the latter, possibly representing a blockade of further synaptic plasticity. Taken together, these findings indicate a fine tuning of glutamatergic synapses by ketamine compared to MK-801 both in the mPFC and Hipp.
The Impact of Poplar Short Rotation Coppice on Topsoil Physical Properties and Related Water Conditions
Authors: Virano Riquelme Victoria , Fontenla-Razzetto Gabriela , Tavares Wahren Filipa , Feger Karl-Heinz , Heil Bálint , Heilig Dávid , Kovacs Gábor , Julich Stefan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn Europe, the establishment of short rotation coppice (SRC) systems for biomass production has been expanding in the last decades. Several studies have considered the impacts of SRC on soil properties; many have focused on studying its effect on biochemical properties while only a few have addressed physical and hydraulic properties. This study reports the assessment of soil physical and hydraulic properties on two SRC sites on sandy soils planted with 3-year-old poplar trees and an adjacent conventional agricultural field in Western Slovakia. All sites contain a comparable sandy loam soil texture and both SRC fields differed only in the groundwater accessibility. Water infiltration experiments were conducted in the field with subsequent sampling of the upper topsoil (0–5 cm depth). The samples were further processed in the laboratory to obtain the water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions of the soil covering a wide range of soil pore saturation. These hydraulic functions were fitted by using the bimodal version of Kosugi-Mualem’s hydraulic model to estimate the pore-size distribution (PSD) of the soils. The comparison between the SRC field neighboring the agricultural field and the latter showed similar hydraulic soil properties such as the topsoil water retention. However, macropore content, bulk density (BD) and infiltration capacity differed under SRC particularly in the tree row. Analogously, the two SRC fields showed similar topsoil water contents. Other soil properties differed presenting an increased macropore content and higher BD in the SRC field with distant groundwater connection. Our findings suggest that the SRC management may influence the topsoil properties.
Public sector reputation and netpromoter score
Authors: Luoma-aho Vilma , Canel María José , Hakola Juho 
Published: March 2021

AbstractReputation of public sector organizations is increasingly formed through Word of Mouth (WOM) as citizens and stakeholders share their experiences with others both online and offline. Understanding and measuring WOM is a challenge for many public sector organizations, who often resort to measurement tools designed for the private sector. This paper looks at a popular WOM measurement tool, namely the Net Promoter Score (NPS) in the context of public sector organizations. In this paper, we ask how well does the NPS describe public sector reputation, and look at what the different stakeholder groups categorized by NPS are like in the public sector. As an illustrative case, we report findings of a stakeholder reputation survey (n: 1198) conducted for a large Finnish ministry utilizing both established reputation measures and the NPS. Based on our findings, we conclude that the traditional NPS requires tailoring to match the public sector context, and propose “The Public Sector Net Promoter Score (PSNPS)” as a new measure for WOM in the public sector context.
Hyporheic exchange in recirculating flumes under heterogeneous bacterial and morphological conditions
Authors: Betterle Andrea , Jaeger Anna , Posselt Malte , Coll Claudia , Benskin Jonathan P. , Schirmer Mario 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHyporheic exchange (HE) contributes to the biogeochemical turnover of macro- and micro-pollutants in rivers. However, the spatiotemporal complexity and variability of HE hinder understanding of its role in the overall functioning of riverine ecosystems. The present study focuses on investigating the role of bacterial diversity and sediment morphology on HE using a multi-flume experiment. A fully coupled surface–subsurface numerical model was used to highlight complex exchange patterns between surface water and the underlying flow field in the sediments. Under the experimental conditions, the surface water flow induced by bedforms has a prominent effect on both local trajectories and residence time distributions of hyporheic flow paths, whereas mean hyporheic retention times are mainly modulated by average surface flowrates. In case of complex bedform morphologies, the numerical model successfully reproduces the HE estimated by means of salt dilution tests. However, the 2D numerical representation of the system falls short in predicting HE in absence of bedforms, highlighting the intrinsic complexity of water circulation patterns in real scenarios. Finally, results show that higher bacterial diversities in the stream sediments can significantly reduce hyporheic fluxes. This work provides a framework to interpret micropollutants turnover in light of the underlying physical transport processes in the hyporheic zone. The study emphasizes the importance of better understanding the tradeoff between physically driven transport processes and bacterial dynamics in the hyporheic zone to quantify the fate of pollutants in streams and rivers.
Methodological Considerations for Studies in Sport and Exercise Science with Women as Participants: A Working Guide for Standards of Practice for Research on Women
Authors: Elliott-Sale Kirsty J. , Minahan Clare L. , de Jonge Xanne A. K. Janse , Ackerman Kathryn E. , Sipilä Sarianna , Constantini Naama W. , Lebrun Constance M. , Hackney Anthony C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUntil recently, there has been less demand for and interest in female-specific sport and exercise science data. As a result, the vast majority of high-quality sport and exercise science data have been derived from studies with men as participants, which reduces the application of these data due to the known physiological differences between the sexes, specifically with regard to reproductive endocrinology. Furthermore, a shortage of specialist knowledge on female physiology in the sport science community, coupled with a reluctance to effectively adapt experimental designs to incorporate female-specific considerations, such as the menstrual cycle, hormonal contraceptive use, pregnancy and the menopause, has slowed the pursuit of knowledge in this field of research. In addition, a lack of agreement on the terminology and methodological approaches (i.e., gold-standard techniques) used within this research area has further hindered the ability of researchers to adequately develop evidenced-based guidelines for female exercisers. The purpose of this paper was to highlight the specific considerations needed when employing women (i.e., from athletes to non-athletes) as participants in sport and exercise science-based research. These considerations relate to participant selection criteria and adaptations for experimental design and address the diversity and complexities associated with female reproductive endocrinology across the lifespan. This statement intends to promote an increase in the inclusion of women as participants in studies related to sport and exercise science and an enhanced execution of these studies resulting in more high-quality female-specific data.
Application AHP-PROMETHEE Technic for Landfill Site Selection on Based Assessment of Aquifers Vulnerability to Pollution
Authors: Mohammadi Seif Abad Parisa , Pazira Ebrahim , Masih Abadi Mohammad Hassan , Abdinezhad Parviz 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChoosing a suitable location for the disposal of municipal solid waste is an important environmental problem. Thus, locating a municipal solid waste landfill has been very important. Leachate from the solid waste landfill causes the contamination of groundwater. However, the process is complicated and is based on qualitative and quantitative criteria. Therefore, in this paper, a hybrid approach for determining the optimal location of a municipal solid waste landfill has been presented. Additionally, the present study attempts to evaluate the potential of aquifer contamination vulnerability on the proposed landfill sites using a DRASTIC model of Plain Zanjan and provide a zoning map of vulnerable areas. In this study, the DRASTIC model for aquifer vulnerability mapping is used. This model consists of seven hydrogeological parameters effective in contaminating the aquifer. The parameters appear in the GIS software as seven layers on which the analysis is performed. Considering the map of aquifer vulnerability and with regard to the potential aquifer contamination at various areas, it is possible to determine a suitable site for the landfill. At present, about 49.03% of the aquifers are in average vulnerability situation; by considering them, a suitable site for the landfill can be determined. Accordingly, the considered criteria were determined by AHP method; the weights of the layers were determined, and then the appropriate places were classified into three classes, high, moderate or low, using GIS software. Finally, zones located in the high classes were selected as the best locations for waste disposal by the PRPMOTHEE method, by taking into account the scientific limitations and conditions of the area. The results showed that proposed methods in this paper can be suitable to determine appropriate option for waste disposal. In the future, there can be a lot of studies for modeling to choose a suitable landfill due to some soil characteristics and applying other models of pollution to groundwater in the region.
Do specific delirium aetiologies have different associations with death? A longitudinal cohort of hospitalised patients
Authors: Chalmers Louis A. , Searle Samuel D. , Whitby Jon , Tsui Alex , Davis Daniel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To describe aetiology-specific associations with mortality among older hospital patients with delirium.

Methods
Over 21 months, a cohort of 1702 patients with 2471 acute hospital admissions (median age 85, IQR 80–90, 56% women) were assessed for delirium, categorised with inflammatory and metabolic aetiologies based on available laboratory results, and followed up for all-cause mortality. Interactions between aetiology and delirium were tested.

Results
The total mortality for the cohort was 35.2%. While inflammation, metabolic disturbance, and delirium at time of admission all demonstrated independent associations with mortality, there was no evidence for any interactions between delirium and these laboratory-measured aetiologies.

Conclusions
Delirium remains an important predictor of death in older hospital patients, irrespective of underlying aetiology.
Numerical study on the effects of blood perfusion and tumor metabolism on tumor temperature for targeted hyperthermia considering a realistic geometrical model of head layers using the finite element method
Authors: Kazemi Alamouti Adeleh , Habibi Mohammad Reza , Mazidi Sharfabadi Mohammad , Akbari Lalimi Hossein 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe main aim of the present work is to determine the temperature distribution in the normal and cancerous tissues to achieve the desired condition of hyperthermia. Hyperthermia can be defined as the mild elevation of the temperature to 40–46 °C, which induces the cancer cell death and enhances the effects of the radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In the present research, the realistic geometry of the human head layers and the tumor are modelled, geometrically, and then simulated similar to the real samples of MRI images with the size of 5990 mm3. The temperature distribution in the tumor and healthy tissues was obtained based on the solution of Penne’s bio-heat transfer equation utilizing the Finite Element scheme. Employing the accurate boundary conditions for the thermal simulation of the problem, two main layers of the human brain, namely, white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM), as well as the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the skull, are considered in the thermal analysis. In order to examine the hyperthermia conditions, the effects of the different blood perfusion rates and tumor metabolism on the tumor temperature are analyzed. The results showed that by reducing the blood perfusion rate from 0.0016 to 0.0005(ml/(ml.s)), the temperature increased by nearly 0.2 ℃ at the center of the tumor implying that the variations of the blood perfusion rate in the tumor have not a significant influence on its temperature. Moreover, it was found that when the tumor metabolism increases five times (equal to 125 × 103 W/m3) than its normal value (equal to 25,000 W/m3), the temperature reaches to the range needed for ablation of the brain tumor (40–46 ℃). The results also indicated that the manipulation of the cancer tissues metabolic rate via thermal simulation could be efficiently employed to estimate the amount of heat needed for the thermal ablation of the tumor.
Effects ofAd-hocData Truncation and Homogeneous Preferences on Recreational Demand and Values: An Application to the George Washington and Jefferson National Forests
Authors: Sardana Kavita , Bergstrom John C. , Bowker J. M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe estimate a travel cost model for the George Washington & Jefferson National Forests using an On-Site Latent Class Poisson Model. We show that the constraints of ad-hoc truncation and homogenous preferences significantly impact consumer surplus estimates derived from the on-site travel cost model. By relaxing the constraints, we show that more than one class of visitors with unique preferences exists in the population. The resulting demand functions, price responsive behaviors, and consumer surplus estimates reflect differences across these classes of visitors. With heterogeneous preferences, a group of ‘local residents’ exists with a probability of 8% and, on average take 113 visits.
An expert system framework to support aircraft accident and incident investigations
Authors: Ng C.B.R. , Bil C. , O’Bree T. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTThe International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) audits its Member States for safety oversight and monitors its Effective Implementation (EI). The global average EI was 68.83% in 2019, with 46% audited Member States achieving 75% EI (2022 target); however, an ICAO (2016 – 2018) audit highlighted six Annex 13 non-compliance issues. One issue was that more than 60% of Member States do not have a comprehensive and detailed investigator training program, contributing to many shortcomings that include a lack of essential and volatile evidence preservation, investigation management, investigation reporting and/or safety recommendations. This paper proposes an Expert System that captures knowledge in aircraft accident investigation generated over many years and allows aircraft investigators to share, access and interrogate accumulated knowledge to support the aircraft accident investigation process. The Expert System will improve the evidence analysing timeline, conclusion consistency and accuracy and support the on-the-job “field” training of evidence analysis through self-discovery.
Are voters influenced by the results of a consensus conference?
Authors: Sloman Steven , Kupor Daniella , Yokum David 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe evaluate whether people will outsource their opinion on public policy to consensus conference participants. The ideal consensus conference brings together a representative sample of citizens and introduces them to the range of perspectives and evidence related to some policy. The sample is given the opportunity to ask questions of experts and to deliberate. Attitudes about each policy are queried before and after the conference to see if the event has changed minds. In general, such conferences do produce opinion shifts. Our hypothesis is that the shift can be leveraged by simply communicating conference results – absent substantive information about the merits of the policies discussed – to scale up the value of conferences to the population at large. In five studies, we tell participants about the impact of a consensus conference on a sample of citizens’ opinions for a range of policies without providing any new information about the inherent value of the policy itself. For several of the policies, we see a shift in opinion. We conclude that the value of consensus conferences can be scaled up simply by telling an electorate about its results. This suggests an economical way to bring evidence and rational argument to bear on citizens’ policy attitudes.
COVID-19 pandemic response varies by clinical trial sponsor type
Authors: Cooper Lisa , Lee Irene , Waldron Lechner Doreen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted millions of lives globally. To learn more about this disease and find potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventative products, the healthcare community has initiated a staggering number of clinical trials.

Methods:
ClinicalTrials.gov was reviewed to determine if trial sponsor type had a relationship to time to COVID-19 response, which was defined as the date from disease discovery in Wuhan, China to ClinicalTrials.gov study “First Posted” date.

Results:
A total of 673 United States (US) sponsored, interventional study listings were retrieved, of which 293 (43.5%) were Industry-sponsored, 349 (51.9%) were Academic sponsored, and 31 (4.6%) were Other sponsor types. Of the Academic studies, 181 (51.9%) were Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) hubs. The average response time for all sponsor types was 189 days, with Academic sponsors having the shortest average response time of 172.6 days (P < 0.001). CTSA hubs had a significantly (P < 0.001) shorter average response time (168.1 days) compared to all other sponsor types (197.4 days). However, while shorter in duration by 9.4 days, response time was not significantly different from non-CTSA sponsors (177.5 days; P = 0.238). Additionally, ANOVA indicated significant relationships (P < 0.001) between funding type, study phase, number of sites, and enrollment size on response time.

Conclusions:
Studies posted with the shortest response time were Academic-sponsored trials and included smaller sized investigations of repurposed approved or investigational drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 symptoms. A small second wave of study postings occurred approximately 4 months later, and included small, unique therapies targeting prevention or treatment of COVID-19.