bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transparency and thickness of jackfruit and durian seed starch edible film
Authors: Wahidin M , Srimarlita A , Sulaiman I , Indarti E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Edible films are plastics that can be degraded by microorganismnisms and are made from renewable materials. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of jackfruit and durian seed starches, improve the physical and mechanical properties of edible film from starch to characteristics physical properties edible film. The concentration of jackfruit and durian seed starches are 3%, 4%, and 5% with an addition of glycerol as a plasticizer. The durian seed starch edible films were 0.032–0.041 mm thinner than the edible film from jackfruit seed starch (0.035–0.043 mm) and the thickness increased as the starch concentration in the film making solution increased. At the same concentration level, jjackfruit seed starch resulted in a thicker film compared to film from the durian seed starch. Transparency of film was detected using UV-VIS and showed that the transparency of film decreased when the concentration of starch increased. Durian seed starch edible film showed that jackfruit seed starch edible film has a higher transmittance value compared to durian seed starch film. All films show a very low transmittance (below 23% at 550 nm); this opaque film can be applied for uses in food packaging for which transparency is not required.
Identification of β-Caryophyllene (BCP) in Aceh patchouli essential oil (PEO) using gas chromatography-mass pectrophotometry (GC-MS)
Authors: Sufriadi E , Meilina H , Munawar A A , Muhammad S , Idroes R 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the composition of β-Caryophyllene (BCP) content in patchouli oil from various regions in Aceh. The data from GC-MS analysis can also describe the type of BCP isomer most commonly found in Aceh patchouli. This research used Aceh Pogostemon cablin Benth patchouli oil from 17 different locations. Samples were analyzed using TSQ™ 9000 Triple Quadrupole GC-MS/MS (Thermo Scientific) with TraceGOLD TG-1MS GC Columns. The mean BCP retention time was 14.64 minutes, with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.16. Only one type of BCP compound isomer appeared, namely Bicyclo [7.2.0] undec-4-ene, 4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylene-, [1R- (1R*, 4Z, 9S*)]. The results also showed that the average BCP level was 5.51%. Aceh patchouli contains a much higher BCP level than the minimum commercial target (3.4-3.5%). The MS spectrum data also showed a high similarity between the patchouli oil sample fragmentation and the compound library.
Study on sustainable agriculture and dimension of needs: a case study patchouli farming in Aceh Jaya
Authors: Zikri I , Agussabti  , Indra  , Kamaruzzaman S , Susanti E , Mujiburrahmad  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Aceh patchouli is a global market-leading commodity that has a high economic value regarding the most superior quality characteristics compared to other varieties. However, this condition has not been able to make a real contribution to regional economic growth and to overcome poverty problems in Aceh. This study aims to examine the dimensions of sustainable patchouli farming and its implications for poverty alleviation. This study employed a descriptive explorative method by a case study approach, which focuses on patchouli farmers who engage in a small-scale plantation business in Aceh Jaya, Aceh Province by field observation, in-depth interviews focused group discussions. This study found that the economic condition of the community has stagnated to grow well, even though the performance of patchouli productivity is relatively good. Several crucial issues in patchouli farming practices show a pattern that illustrates the weak support for strengthening the community's economy. This study emphasizes the urgency of strengthening the supporting elements of the integrated Aceh patchouli upstream-downstream business. Therefore, the goal is increasing welfare and growth must be based on changes in behavior to enhance productivity and value chain through the development and strengthening of an innovation system.
Effect of drying temperature on the moisture loss, acidity and characteristics of Amla fruit
Authors: Raaf A , Suriaini N , Djafar F , Syamsuddin Y , Supardan MD 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the effect of drying conditions on the Amla fruit. Experiment is conducted using a lab-scale oven dryer at temperature 40 °C and 50 °C. Amla slices were dried with a thickness of 0.5 cm and length 0.1 cm. The dried products were evaluated with moisture loss and acidity. The results showed that the temperature greatly influences the moisture content, acidity, and the dried product's microscopic. The moisture loss at the drying temperature of 50 °C was higher than 40 °C. Meanwhile, the acidity of dried Amla powder produced at a drying temperature of 40 °C was higher than 50 °C. Based on X-ray diffractometer analysis, the microstructure of Amla was crystalline-amorphous. Results of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis showed O-H, C-O, and C=O forms that indicated polyphenols, pectin, and ascorbic acid compounds in Amla fruit. Oven dryer temperatures had significant effects on the microstructure based on scanning electron microscope analysis.
Aceh farmer’s acceptance of agricultural technology
Authors: Agussabti  , Rahmaddiansyah  , Romano  , Zahara I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The use of technology in rice farming is urgently needed by farmers to increase productivity and increase business efficiency. The characteristics of technological innovation consisting of relative advantages, compatibility, compatibility, trialability, and observation can influence farmers' attitudes to adopt technology. Some technological innovations used by farmers using a machine combining harvesters, tractors, Ciherang-type superior seeds, and planting. The purpose of this research is to conduct a consistent constitutional trial of various technological innovation variables and public acceptance of the technology being introduced. This research was conducted in Aceh Besar and Pidie Jaya districts using the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) analysis model and descriptive analysis. The final results of this study are expected so that the government can adopt policies that are appropriate to the needs of technology in agriculture that can be accepted by the community.
Diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoid in organic and conventional arabica coffee plantations in Aceh Tengah District, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Saifullah  , Husni H , Jauharlina J , Hamdi S 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis research is a descriptive exploratory study. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of parasitoids in coffee plantations that are managed organically and conventionally. Based on statistical analysis shows that the composition and diversity of the Hymenoptera parasitoid in Arabica coffee plantations in Aceh Tengah District is influenced by cultivation techniques (organic and conventional). Both the number of families and species of Hymenoptera parasitoid found in organic coffee plantations were higher than those found in conventional ones. In organic coffee plantations, 8 families and 15 species were found, while in conventional plantations there were only 4 families and 10 species. The parasitoid species diversity index value (H') in organic coffee plantations was better than conventional coffee plantations, while the evenness index value (E) on organic and conventional coffee plantations was relatively more likely (not statistically different) and to be classified as good categories. This indicates that there are several families of the Hymenoptera parasitoid that dominate both in organic and in conventional coffee plantations. The low diversity of the Hymenoptera parasitoid in conventional coffee plantations is thought to be a result of the continued application of synthetic pesticides, thus affecting the extinction of various parasitoid species.
The impact of the salt stress on the growth of floating rice lines on germination and seedling states
Authors: Quí T P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Selection of salt-tolerant rice varieties is necessary for climate changes in Mekong Delta. Twenty-eight floating rice lines collected from Cho Moi and Tri Ton districts, An Giang province were tested on salt concentrations at germination and seedling stage. Length of root and shoot, germination rate were estimated for the germination stage. Root length, plant height and survival rate were measured for the seedling stage. The rice lines were evaluated for salt tolerance in the hydroponic nutrient solution of 0, 1, 3, 5 %0 NaCl. Germination rate, shoot and root length of the most rice lines were reduced with the increase in salinity and strongly decreased at 5 %0 NaCl. However, lines TQS140, TQS142, TQS 145 and TDC were less affected with the increase of salt concentration. Increasing concentration of salinity led to reducing the height of plant and survival rate. Lines TQS 142 survived 85 % at 5 %0 NaCl. TQS142 may be potential for breeding material or seed resources in the salinity intrusion conditions.
Chemometric classification of geothermal and non-geothermal ethanol leaf extract of seurapoh (Chromolaena odorata Linn) using infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Abubakar A , Yusuf H , Syukri M , Nasution R , Karma T , Munawar A A , Idroes R 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis work reports on the chemometric classification of ethanol leaf extract of seurapoh (Chromolaena odorata Linn) obtained from geothermal and non-geothermal area. This analysis aims to identify the correlation between the ethanol leaf extract of seurapoh (ELES) collected from three locations, one geothermal area (Ie Seuum) and two non-geothermal areas (Lhoknga Beach, Samahani), Aceh Besar Province, Indonesia. The extraction was made by ethanol 96% using maceration. After extraction, each sample's infrared spectrum was acquired using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy at a wavenumber range of 10,000 cm-1– 4,000 cm-1. The spectral data were preprocessed with the MSC method to remove the light scattering effect during spectral acquisition. The classification of ELES was conducted using Principle Component Analysis (PCA), yielding plot scores as follows, PC1 and PC2 were capable of explaining 97% of the total data (PC1 = 87%, PC2 = 10%). The results also revealed very well discrimination of the samples based on their respective sampling locations. It further implied that the ELES had significant different NIR spectral profiles, which were following their sampling locations. Hence, it can be concluded that there is a possibility of different compounds contained within the ELES, collected from the geothermal area and two other non-geothermal areas.
The performance of paddy farming in Aceh province
Authors: Baihaqi A , Hamid A H , Zikri I , Kurniawan D , Fazlina Y D , Wardhana M Y , Bahri T S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Aceh Province contributed three percent of Indonesia's paddy production in 2019. This study aims to analyze the farmer's performance and the correlation between income and paddy farmer’s performance. The samples were selected using purposive sampling and data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative and Rank Spearman. The results show the average age of farmers is 46 years old, with 20 years experience in average, and the majority are high school graduates. Meanwhile, the average income of the farmers is IDR 15,464,017/ha, with and the average land managed of 0.7 hectares, the average production of 6.5 ton/ha, the average labor use of 32 days. The farmers use the following fertilizers: 125.74 - 216.85 kg/ha urea, 33.71 - 161.61 kg/ha SP-36, 5.62 - 41.99 kg/ha KCl, 19.43 - 70.72 kg/ha ZA, 20.22 - 222.96 kg / ha NPK, 13.69 kg/ha TSP, 7.30 kg/ha NPK Mutiara and 0.82 - 667.57 kg/ha organic fertilizer. In the Central region, female labors strongly dominate the planting, weeding, and harvesting activities. In the north and west region, women are actively planting and harvesting using conventional systems. The Spearman rank analysis shows that the correlations between income and production of 0.930, land tenure of 0.840, the cost of using fertilizer of 0.283, and the cost of using labor of 0.197.
Growth of entomopathogenic fungi colonies Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin enriched with termite juice
Authors: Anggraini N , Suhartono S , Alfizar A , Husni H , Rusdiana S , Fauziah F , Syaukani S 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCoptotermes curvignathusare termites classified as pest organisms or destructive organisms, because these termites are often found to attack homes, buildings, and plantations. Entomopathogenic fungi ofMetarhizium anisopliaeis an alternative way to control the termite in environmentally friendly approach. This study aimed to determine the combination media of termite juice concentration for the growth ofMetarhizium anisopliae. The fungi were inoculated on growth media (Potato Dextrose Agar) supplemented with termite juice using various concentration of 0% (control), 50%, 75% and 100%. This study showed that fungi grown on media supplemented with 50%, 75 of termite juice produced 2,9 × 107spore/mL density. This result was not significantly different from the media supplemented with 25% and 75% of termite juice yielding 2,4 × 107and 2,7 × 107spore/mL density, respectively. However, this result was significantly different compared to the control treatment and media supplemented with 100% of termite juice yielding spore density of 1,1 × 107and 1,4 × 107, respectively. The growth media supplemented with termite juice is considered to have more nutritional composition to stimulate spore formation promising its application for promoting media of entomopathogenic fungi.
System dynamics modeling of agricultural land conversion in Aceh Besar District
Authors: Hakim L , Utami S , Kasimin S , Irwan  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to design a sub-model as a policy strategy alternative in controlling agricultural land conversion. Method applied in this study is system dynamics, a modelling approach based on systems thinking which uses the perspectives of information feedback and delay to understand the complex behavior of physical, biological, and social systems in agricultural land conversion. The study utilized Vensim DSS software to perform the model formulation and the simulation. The computation obtained six main sub-models applicable in the design process of control models for the transfer of functions of agricultural land in Aceh Besar District. The sub-models concern population, settlements, industry, rice fields, forests and fields, and rice stock.
Inventory of fungi from termite nests at Gunung Leuser National Park, northern Sumatra
Authors: Hanum S , Fitri L , Lisa O , Samingan S , Alfizar A , Sutekad D , Novita N , Muarrif S , Syaukani S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Fungi and termite coexisted each other and have diverse symbiotic relationship in tropical forest. This research aims to determine the fungus found on termite nests in Suaq Balimbing Research Station so it can be used that as initial information in developing environmentally friendly termite control. The method used for collecting samples of fungus is a Standarized Sampling Protocol and for identification used slide culture method. The results showed that 5 of 12 termites nest are invaded by fungi. Based on macroscopic and microscopic observation, fungus species that obtained from termite nests are 2 species, namely: Penicillium sp.1, Trichoderma sp. 1
Natural spontaneous fermentation effects on the properties of sweet potato flour and the resulting wet noodles
Authors: Husna N E , Arpi N , Novita M , Safriani D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Sweet potato flour has several weaknesses that hinder its application in noodle making processes. The aim of this study was to improve sweet potato flour by using starch modification through fermentation and to find a wheat flour substitute when making wet noodles. The fermentation took place spontaneously naturally, and through the addition of Lactobacillus plantarum. The modification consisted of M1 = without modification, native; M2 = 4 days natural fermentation of 0.5 cm thickness sweet potato; M3 = 4 days natural fermentation of 1 cm thickness sweet potato; M4 = 2 days L. plantarum fermentation of 0.5 cm thickness sweet potato; and M5 = 2 days L. plantarum fermentation of 1 cm thickness sweet potato. The concentration of sweet potato flour (K) as wheat flour substitute for the noodle were K1 = 25%, K2 = 50%, and K3 = 75%. The flour of M2 natural spontaneous fermentation had the highest viscosity at 80°C and 26°C. Moreover, the noodle made from M2 flour at all the different concentrations possessed the highest elasticity. In addition, the M2 flour at 50% concentration resulted as the best interaction treatment for producing noodles with acceptable sensory descriptive values.
Factors determining farmers’ capacity in raising ‘KUB’ Superior Chicken
Authors: Sirnawati E , Humaedah U , Yusron M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (Balitbangtan) has produced various technological innovations, one of which is superior chicken called KUB. Massive dissemination on the KUB chicken has been carried out to through intensive assistance including caging and feeding management. This study aims to analyze the factors determining farmers’ capacity in raising the KUB chicken. The study used surveys and interviews to collect the data. Findings showed that not all technologies in raising the KUB chicken have been well understood and adopted by farmers. Several factors have affected its adoption process involving dissemination methods, media, materials, and channels.
Analyzing long run equilibrium of broiler egg prices between wholesalers and retailers in Banda Aceh City using cointegration and Error Correction Model (ECM) approaches
Authors: Novrizal  , Romano  , Nugroho A , Kasimin S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Broiler eggs are a strategic food commodity whose price stability needs to be maintained. During a period of 4 years, from 2016 to 2019, the City of Banda Aceh had no egg production, so eggs were supplied from outside the city, including North Sumatra, with the main distribution pattern involving wholesalers and retailers. This study aims to apply the cointegration test to figure out a long-term or stability relationship between the price of eggs at the wholesale trader level and the price of eggs at the retail trader level in Banda Aceh City. Monthly time series data were taken from January 2017 to December 2019. The analytical method used the Johansen Cointegration approach and the Error Correction Model (ECM), and data processing used Stata SE-64 software. The test results showed that there was a cointegration relationship between the price of eggs at the wholesaler level (HPG) and the price of eggs at the retailer level (HPE). This indicates that there is a long run equilibrium or price stability of eggs both at the wholesale trader level and at the retail trader level in Banda Aceh City.
Comparison between single and mixed-species NIRS databases’ accuracy of dairy fiber feed value detection
Authors: Agustiyani I , Despal  , Sari L A , Chandra R , Zahera R , Permana I G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) accuracy is affected by its database. However, our previously developed database for dairy cattle dietary fiber feed (DFF) showed low accuracy for complex organic substance detection due to mixed-species used in the database. This paper aimed to compare single and mixed-species NIRS database accuracy in predicting DFF nutrient contents. In the mixed database, five feeds from three areas of dairy cattle farming were sampled. In the single database, thirty Napier grass from 30 areas were collected. Samples were analyzed chemo-metrically for their nutrient contents. Spectra of each sample were collected three times (two spectra for calibration and a spectrum for validation) using FT-NIRS Spectrometer Solid Cell. Calibration and validation models were carried out using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression. For external validation, seven independent Napier grass samples were tested. The result showed that the single species NIRS database developed using Napier grass was less accurate than mixed-species DFF due to huge nutrient content variations between varieties of Napier grass. It is concluded that database accuracy developed from mixed dietary fiber feed were more accurate in comparison to single species and suggested to used combination of mixed and single database for more accurate DFF prediction.
Sustainable Arabica coffee development strategies in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Anhar A , Rasyid U H Ar , Muslih A M , Baihaqi A , Romano  , Abubakar Y 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Arabica coffee is Aceh’s leading commodity, apart from being an export product, it also plays an important role in the income of coffee farmers. Besides known as specialty coffee, Arabica coffee of Aceh has received international acknowledgment through several certifications, such as Fair Trade, Organic, or both, and other certificates. This study was conducted to develop sustainable development strategies for Arabica coffee of Aceh in the two largest coffee-producing districts, namely Bener Meriah and Aceh Tengah. Field study had been conducted from 1 December 2019 to 15 March 2020. Data were analysed by following the basic structure of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. Sustainable arabica coffee can be carried out through implementing, monitoring, and evaluating policies related to coffee sustainability, increasing coffee productivity through climate-smart coffee practices, such as shade of coffee plantation, soil and water conservation, pest and disease control, development of new clones adapting to climate change, maintaining consistency of farmer’s coffee quality, increasing coffee production by social forestry patterns mainly for coffee farmers who are currently in protected areas, and encouraging millennials to enter the coffee business (particularly in the upstream area).
Morpho-agronomic traits and balance of sink and source of rice planted on upland rainfed
Authors: Ichsan C N , Bakhtiar  , Sabaruddin  , Efendi  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Rice morpho-agronomic traits determine the yield at different planting seasons due to the characters that are closely related to genetic characteristics and environmental factors. This study aims to observe morpho –agronomic traits of three varieties, namely Situ Patenggang (as the check variety that can be planted in rice fields and upland rainfed), Sipulo and Sanbei (both as the test varieties). The varieties planted in upland rainfed in order to observe the morpho-agronomic traits occur, as the rice planted in rainfed might be able to be planted elsewhere, due to its water stress tolerance. The result showed that the check variety have morpho-agronomic traits that show a balanced sink and source, while the two test varieties, Sipulo and Sanbei have a larger but imbalance source and sink capacity. The imbalance of source and sink was caused by the large amount of the last panicles that appeared from tertiary or quaternary tiller, in which increased the percentage of unfilled grains that later caused a low percentage of filled grain. However, the potential yield remains high compared to the check variety. Therefore, from the observation, it is clear that the morpho-agronomic traits of rice can be determinants in determining rice yield.