bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal stress induces dysfunction and facilitates senescence via disruption of cytoskeletal rearrangement and stimulation of the inflammatory response in primary endothelial cells
Authors: Zhao Wei , Chen Bo , Zhang Xi , Zhang Shu-Yan , Fan Xing , Yu Jia-Ao , Chen Ke-Xin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThermal injury occurs when energy is transferred from a heat source to the body, causing local tissues to heat up. It has been demonstrated that the tissue temperature exceeds a certain threshold by exposure to external heat (thermal stress, TS), irreversible cell damage occurs, resulting in a delayed neovascularization. In recent years, warm paste is a popular item for people to keep warm in winter. Although the average temperature from the hot paste is only 54 ± 3°C, numerous cases of contact burns, that induced an increased capillary permeability in damaged tissue, by body warm paste were reported in our hospital.MethodsHerein, we evaluated the damage to primary microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) at 45°C with various times and demonstrated that exposure to TS at 45°C only for 10 minutes induced irreversible damage in ECs via suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis.ResultsTS significantly delayed the cell cycle and facilitated senescence in primary ECs. ECs exposed to TS lost their motility, and cytoskeletal rearrangement resulted in impaired angiogenic function. Furthermore, the result from mRNA array revealed that TS induced not only a negative regulation of migration and branching structures, but also revealed that TS exposure promoted apoptotic processes and TNF signalling resulting in increased expression of pro-inflammatory factors, such as IL-1β and IL-6.ConclusionTaken together, our results indicate that burn injury may initiate systemic injury of the vascular system even at 45°C only for 10 minutes, which might be one of the mechanisms of delayed damaged tissue repair.Trial registrationNot applicable.
Qualitative Dynamics and Pattern Formation of&nbsp;COVID-19 in the Modified SIR Model
Authors: Zheng Qianqian , Pandey Vikas , Shen Jianwei , Xu Yong , Guan Linan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
SIR (susceptible-infective-recovery) model is a widely investigated model to explain the time evolution of infectious diseases. Outbreak of infectious diseases is affected by diffusion of infected, which is true especially in COVID-19 outbreak. Therefore, it is imperative to construct a diffusion network in the model for spatial consideration; However, the inclusion of a diffusion network is seldom considered for the studies. In this work, we first modified the SIR model for COVID-19 and then performed its stability and bifurcation analysis in qualitative research. Based on our analysis, we propose some of the advice to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. Then, a random diffusion network is constructed, which shows its vital role in the Turing instability and bifurcation. We noticed that the stability of network-organized SIR could be determined by the maximum of eigenvalues of the network matrix. The maximum of eigenvalues of the network matrix is proportional to network connection rate and infection rate of the network. Therefore, these two rates play a critical role in Turing instability. We perform the numerical simulations to verify the analytical results. We try to explain the spread mechanism of infectious diseases and provide some feasible strategies based on our analysis of these two models. Also, the reduced system method for a network-organized system is proposed, which is a novel approach to investigate the complex system.
Bioengineering of Human Artificial Ovary From Cryopreserved Tissue: Optimization of the Follicles Enzymatic Isolation.
Authors: Chen Jing , Isachenko Evgenia , Wang Wanxue , Du Xinxin , Wang Mengying , Rahimi Gohar , Mallmann Peter , Isachenko Vladimir 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Tumor Dissociation Enzyme (TDE) for the isolation of cryopreserved human ovarian cortex tissues, proposing an optimized applicable for artificial ovary.Methods: This is a prospective experimental study. We present a comparative analysis among the outputs of follicles isolated from cryopreserved ovarian biopsies of ten young women undergoing laparoscopy. Follicles were isolated by Tumor Dissociation Enzyme (TDE) or Liberase Dispase High (DH) enzymatic digestion. Follicles were assessed by evaluating the number, viability, morphology, oxidative stress. Moreover, the follicle growth and viability were analyzed after eight days of in vitro culture (IVC) between each protocol.Results: The recovery rate of follicles in Group 1 was significantly higher by 78 follicles compare to Group 2 (p < 0.05), while the difference in weight and volume of biopsies in both groups was no significant (p > 0.05). Group 1 allowed to isolate more primordial follicles (p < 0.05) and smaller diameter of follicles (p < 0.01) than Group 2. Group 1 allowed to isolate 7% more of bright red follicles than Group 2 (p < 0.01). We also found that Group 1 had isolated a significantly higher percent of viable follicles (p < 0.05), more morphologically normal follicles (p < 0.05), and lower oxidative stress levels compared with Group 2 (p < 0.01). The velocity of follicles growth from Day 0 to Day 8 in Group 1 was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in Group 2. The viability of follicles on Day 8 of in vitro culture in Group 1 was significantly higher than Group 2 (p < 0.05).Conclusions: TDE treatment can be an alternative for Liberase DH, allows the isolation of highly viable follicles from the cryopreserved human ovarian cortex, with an intact morphology and low oxidative stress, and with high proliferation potential after culture in vitro.
Assessing the productivity of coriander under different irrigation depths and fertilizers applied with continuous and pulsed drip systems
Authors: Zamora Valentin Ruben Orcon , da Silva Manassés Mesquita , Santos Júnior José Amilton , da Silva Gerônimo Ferreira , Menezes Dimas , de Almeida Ceres Duarte Guedes Cabral 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this study, the authors analyzed the consequences of irrigation management strategies as an essential factor to save water and maintain high crop yields. The present research aimed at comparing coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), cv. Verdão, yields under fertigation via drip irrigation with a continuous application and in pulses, with 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) being recovered. These treatments were distributed in randomized blocks in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme, with three replications, in a greenhouse located at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, northeast Brazil (08°01′6.50″ S and 34°56′46″ W, average elevation 6.5 m). The continuous irrigation consisted of the application of water depth in a single daily event, while pulsed irrigation comprised the application of the same irrigation depth split up into five events with a 1-hour interval between pulses. Crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was determined via the water balance by lysimetric drainage. The fertilizers were applied in every watering. The biometric and productivity crop pointed that pulsed irrigation to a mean depth of 58% of the ETc corresponds to the results obtained with the application of the depth equivalent to 100% of the ETc by continuous irrigation, consequently with reduced input costs.
Risk of Drug Resistance and Repeated Infection with Klebsiella
pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in Intensive Care Unit Cancer Patients
Authors: Refay Samah M. , Ahmed Eman H. , Abd ELzaher Ahmed R. , Morsy Ahmed M. , Yasser Manal M. , Mahmoud Ayman M. 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Bacterial infection is a frequent complication in cancer and immunocompromised patients. The emergence of antibiotic resistance is a significant health problem and cancer patients are at risk of repeated infections with drug-resistant bacteria.

Objective:
This investigation aimed to identify predictors of repeat infections of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and drug resistance in cancer patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in Upper Egypt.

Methods:
Blood, urine, sputum, pus, and mouth and nose swabs were collected form patients at the Pediatric Oncology and Medical Oncology ICUs during the period from February 2017 to May 2018. The samples were assessed by antibiotic susceptibility test and further evaluated by genetic testing for the temoniera (TEM) gene of β-lactamase. Samples positive for K. pneumoniae and E. coli were included and isolates positive for other microorganisms were excluded.

Results:
The study included 107 patients with malignant neoplasms and 136 samples. Repeated infection with K. pneumoniae and E. coli occurred in 31% and 22.45% of patients, respectively. Patients stayed for a longer period in the ICU were more likely to have repeated infections (OR 1.25, 95%CI 1.10-1.44, p=0.001) after control of other confounding factors. The type of malignant neoplasm whether it was hematologic or solid tumor (OR 7.46, 95% CI 2.56-21.7, p=0.0002) and a longer prior stay in the ICU (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02-1.28, p=0.025) remained the independent predictors for the drug resistance in the last infection. The TEM type of β-lactamase was encoded in 48.68% and 66.67% of K. pneumoniae and E. coli, respectively.

Conclusion:
Reinfection with K. pneumoniae and E. coli in patients with cancer can occur as the number of days in the hospital increases. Total prior days spent in the ICU by cancer patients were independently associated with both repeated infections and drug resistance. Samples from patients with hematologic neoplasms were associated with drug resistance.
In Vitro Antifungal Screening of Argentine Native or Naturalized Plants
against the Phytopathogen Monilinia fructicola
Authors: Derita Marcos Gabriel , Stegmayer María Inés , Fernández Laura Noemí , Álvarez Norma Hortensia , Seimandi Gisela Marisol , Reutemann Andrea Guadalupe 
Published: January 2021

Background:
One of the main problems that fruit health has gone through in recent years is the difficult eradication of their fungal pathogens during crops or the post-harvest stage. This concerns the whole world because it represents huge production losses, fruit export restrictions and consumer distrust. Consequently, new alternatives are sought to avoid the increasing use of fungicides that cause important damage to fruit consumers and to the environment. One of the alternatives to solve this problem could be the exploration of plants and their active compounds applied to the treatment of fruit health.

Materials and methods:
This article describes peach production worldwide and particularly in Argentina, in addition to the main fungal rot that causes the greatest economic losses. Furthermore, experimental in-vitro studies of 69 extracts obtained from 18 plants growing in the central region of Argentina were displayed against the devastating fungus Monilinia fructicola, which greatly affects stone fruits. A simple and effective method developed in agar plate was applied to evaluate a large number of samples in a short time.

Results:
Results showed that approximately 36% of the samples tested were strongly active against this pathogen, 12% were moderately active and 52% demonstrated to be inactive.

Conclusion:
These findings support the possible use of natural products for fruit health and the importance of deepening in this field of science.
Expression Analysis of 4-Hydroxynonenal Modified Proteins in Schizophrenia
Brain; Relevance to Involvement in Redox Dysregulation
Authors: Manzoor Sobia , Khan Ayesha , Hasan Beena , Mushtaq Shamim , Ahmed Nikhat 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Oxidative damage contributes to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SZ). Redox imbalance may
lead to increased lipid peroxidation, which produces toxic aldehydes like 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) ultimately leading to
oxidative stress. Conversely, implications of oxidative stress points towards an alteration in HNE-protein adducts and
activities of enzymatic and antioxidant systems in schizophrenia.

Objectives:
Present study focuses on identification of HNE-protein adducts and its related molecular consequences in
schizophrenia pathology due to oxidative stress, particularly lipid peroxidation.

Material and Methods:
Oxyblotting was performed on seven autopsied brain samples each from cortex and hippocampus
region of schizophrenia patients and their respective normal healthy controls. Additionally, thiobarbituric acid substances
(TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and catalase (CAT) activities associated with oxidative stress, were also
estimated.

Results:
Obtained results indicates substantially higher levels of oxidative stress in schizophrenia patients than healthy
control group represented by elevated expression of HNE-protein adducts. Interestingly, hippocampus region of
schizophrenia brain shows increased HNE protein adducts compared to cortex. An increase in catalase activity (4.8876 ±
1.7123) whereas decrease in antioxidant GSH levels (0.213 ± 0.015µmol/ml) have been observed in SZ brain. Elevated
TBARS level (0.3801 ± 0.0532ug/ml) were obtained in brain regions SZ patients compared with their controls that reflects
an increased lipid peroxidation (LPO).

Conclusion:
Conclusion: We propose the role of HNE modified proteins possibly associated with the pathology of
schizophrenia. Our data revealed increase lipid peroxidation as a consequence of increased TBARS production.
Furthermore, altered cellular antioxidants pathways related to GSH and CAT also highlight the involvement of oxidative
stress in schizophrenia pathology.
COVID-19, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Renin-Angiotensin System
Inhibition: Implications for Practice
Authors: Katsi Vasiliki , Pavlidis George , Charalambous George , Tousoulis Dimitrios , Toutouzas Konstantinos 
Published: January 2021

Background :
Recent studies suggested that patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who use
renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors have an increased risk of respiratory failure and death. The hypothesis was that
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARBs) may up-regulate ACE2
expression that is used as receptor for viral entry into cells.

Objective:
The purpose of this review is to discuss the existing evidence on the interaction between COVID-19 infection,
ACE2 and ACEIs or ARBs and to examine the main implications for clinical practice. In addition, novel therapeutic
strategies for blocking ACE2-mediated COVID-19 infection will be displayed.

Methods :
We performed a comprehensive review of the literature to identify data from clinical and experimental studies
for the association between COVID-19 infection, ACE2 and RAS inhibition.

Results:
The current clinical and experimental evidence for ACEIs or ARBs to facilitate severe acute respiratory distress
syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is insufficient to suggest discontinuing these drugs. Several observational studies
arrive at the conclusion that the continued use of RAS inhibitors is unlike to be harmful in COVID-19-positive patients.

Conclusions:
Further randomized trials are needed to answer definitely the question of whether RAS inhibitors are
harmful or beneficial to patients with COVID-19.
Recapitulation of Cancer Nanotherapeutics
Authors: Morani Dilip , Patil Pravin , Jain Ashish 
Published: January 2021

:
Recently, nanotherapeutics has revolutionized the major impact on healthcare strategies
and health facilities. Nanotherapeutics includes design, development and application of therapeutic
agents having nano-size (1-100 nm). Due to implications in gene therapy and drug delivery,
nanotherapeutics has received much interest in the current scenario. The major area where research
is going on and giving maximum benefits from nano-based delivery system includes cancer diagnosis
and targeting. The nanotherapeutics are designed in such a way that they will overcome the major
drawbacks of conventional therapy and have multi-functionalities so that it can be targeted to
cancer site. Nanotherapeutics have increased the permeability and retention of anticancer agents
thereby targeting them to the tumor site. Nanotherapeutics has increased the effectiveness of anticancer
agents with less or no toxicity. Likewise, diagnostic imaging is also possible with fluorescent
nanoparticles based nanotherapeutics and has major potential applications in recent upcoming
years with newer fluorescent nanomaterials for specific cancer targeting. NTs provided the possibility
of delivering drugs to specific cells using nanoparticles. The overall drug consumption and
side-effects may be lowered significantly by depositing the active agent in the morbid region only
and in no higher dose than needed. Thus, attempts have been made to define the nanotherapeutics
and to compile the latest developments in the field. Because the topic is of high importance to the
general human wellbeing and covers recapitulation of cancer nanotherapeutics and summarizes and
restates the main points of nanotherapeutics in the treatment of cancer disease.
Adjuvant Therapies of COVID-19 - A Literature Review
Authors: Maideen Naina Mohamed Pakkir 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was originated first in Wuhan, China,
in December 2019, and it is known to be caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-
2 (SARS CoV-2). The management of COVID-19 could be achieved by means of the usage
of the repurposed drugs, inhibiting the viral entry and/or viral fusion such as umifenovir, Baricitinib,
Camostat mesylate, Nafamostat mesylate, and the drugs blocking the viral replication, which
include favipiravir, remdesivir, Lopinavir/ritonavir, Ribavirin, Sofosbuvir, chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine.

Objective:
Along with the drugs that target the SARS-CoV-2 virus, adjunctive therapies are also
employed. This review focuses on the adjuvant therapies employed to manage the COVID-19-associated
complications, such as cytokine storm, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), respiratory
failure, cardiac injury, coagulopathy, and multi-organ failure.

Method:
The literature was searched in databases such as Medline/PubMed Central/PubMed, Google
Scholar, Science Direct, EBSCO, Scopus, EMBASE, Directory of open access journals (DOAJ),
and reference lists to identify relevant articles.

Results:
Various studies have been identified for the use of corticosteroids, interferons, monoclonal
antibodies, etoposide, ruxolitinib, anticoagulants, convalescent plasma, immunoglobulins, mesenchymal
stem cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and inhaled nitric oxide (NO) as adjuvant therapy to
manage the patients with COVID-19 along with the repurposed drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusion:
The safety and efficacy of adjuvant therapy are needed to be confirmed by various ongoing
randomized controlled clinical trials.
Leveraging Social Media Activity and Machine Learning for HIV and Substance Abuse Risk Assessment: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Ovalle Anaelia , Goldstein Orpaz , Kachuee Mohammad , Wu Elizabeth S C , Hong Chenglin , Holloway Ian W , Sarrafzadeh Majid 
Published: January 2021

Background
Social media networks provide an abundance of diverse information that can be leveraged for data-driven applications across various social and physical sciences. One opportunity to utilize such data exists in the public health domain, where data collection is often constrained by organizational funding and limited user adoption. Furthermore, the efficacy of health interventions is often based on self-reported data, which are not always reliable. Health-promotion strategies for communities facing multiple vulnerabilities, such as men who have sex with men, can benefit from an automated system that not only determines health behavior risk but also suggests appropriate intervention targets.

Objective
This study aims to determine the value of leveraging social media messages to identify health risk behavior for men who have sex with men.

Methods
The Gay Social Networking Analysis Program was created as a preliminary framework for intelligent web-based health-promotion intervention. The program consisted of a data collection system that automatically gathered social media data, health questionnaires, and clinical results for sexually transmitted diseases and drug tests across 51 participants over 3 months. Machine learning techniques were utilized to assess the relationship between social media messages and participants' offline sexual health and substance use biological outcomes. The F1 score, a weighted average of precision and recall, was used to evaluate each algorithm. Natural language processing techniques were employed to create health behavior risk scores from participant messages.

Results
Offline HIV, amphetamine, and methamphetamine use were correctly identified using only social media data, with machine learning models obtaining F1 scores of 82.6%, 85.9%, and 85.3%, respectively. Additionally, constructed risk scores were found to be reasonably comparable to risk scores adapted from the Center for Disease Control.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, our study is the first empirical evaluation of a social media–based public health intervention framework for men who have sex with men. We found that social media data were correlated with offline sexual health and substance use, verified through biological testing. The proof of concept and initial results validate that public health interventions can indeed use social media–based systems to successfully determine offline health risk behaviors. The findings demonstrate the promise of deploying a social media–based just-in-time adaptive intervention to target substance use and HIV risk behavior.
Factors affecting treatment selection and overall survival for first-line EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Kim Yong-Jin , Oremus Mark , Chen Helen H , McFarlane Thomas , Fearon Danielle , Horton Susan 
Published: February 2021

Aim:
To investigate the factors associated with treatment selection and overall survival for first-line EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) therapy among patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.
Materials & methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of linked administrative health databases in Ontario, Canada.
Results:
A total of 1011 patients received an EGFR-TKI as first-line therapy. Treatment selection and overall survival associated with these treatments were affected by age, sex, geographical residency, comorbidities and different sites of metastasis.
Conclusion:
Though recent approval of osimertinib offers a potential new standard of care in the first-line setting, earlier generation TKIs remain pillars in treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer therapeutic armamentarium. Our findings may contribute to optimizing treatment sequencing of EGFR-TKIs to maximize clinical benefits.