bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dewatering of Cellulose Nanofibrils using Ultrasound
Authors: Ringania Udita , Harrison Joseph , Moon Robert J. , Bhamla M. Saad 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Although cellulose nanomaterials have promising properties and performance in a wide application space, one hinderance to their wide scale industrial application has been associated with their economics of dewatering and drying and the ability to redisperse them back into suspension without introducing agglomerates or lose of yield. The present work investigates the dewatering of aqueous suspensions of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) using ultrasound as a potentially low-cost, non-thermal, and scalable alternative to traditional heat-based drying methods such as spray drying. Specifically, we use vibrating mesh transducers to develop a direct-contact mode ultrasonic dewatering platform to remove water from CNF suspensions in a continuous manner. We demonstrate that the degree of dewatering is modulated by the number of transducers, their spatial configuration, and the flow rate of the CNF suspension. Water removal of up to 72 wt.% is achieved, corresponding to a final CNF concentration of 11 wt.% in 30 minutes using a twotransducer configuration. To evaluate the redispersibility of the dewatered CNF material, we use a microscopic analysis to quantify the morphology of the redispersed CNF suspension. By developing a custom software pipeline to automate image analysis, we compare the histograms of the dimensions (length, width) of the redispersed dewatered fibrils with the original CNF samples and observe no significant difference, suggesting that no agglomeration is induced due to ultrasonic dewatering. We estimate that this ultrasound dewatering technique is also energyefficient, consuming up to 36% less energy than the enthalpy of evaporation per kilogram of water. Together with the inexpensive cost of transducers (<$1), the potential for scaling up in parallel flow configurations, and excellent redispersion of the dewatered CNF, our work offers a proof-ofconcept of a sustainable CNF dewatering system, that addresses the shortcomings of existing techniques.
Transcriptomic analysis of cadmium stressed Tamarix hispida revealed novel transcripts and the importance of ABA network
Authors: Gao Caiqiu , Wang Pei-Long , Lei Xiao-Jin , Wang Yuan-Yuan , Liu Bai-chao , Wang Dan-ni , Liu Zhong-Yuan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Aim Cadmium (Cd) pollution is widely detected in soil and has been recognized as a major environmental problem. Tamarix hispida is a woody halophyte, which can form natural forest on desert and the soil with 0.5–1% salt content, making it an ideal plant for research investigating the effects of various stresses on plants. However, no systematic study has investigated the molecular mechanism of Cd tolerance in T. hispida.Methods In this study, the RNA-seq technique was applied to analyze the transcriptomic changes in T. hispida treated with 150 µmol L− 1 CdCl2 for 24, 48 and 72 h compared with control.Results In total, 72764 unigenes exhibited similar sequences in the NR database, while 41528 unigenes (36.3% of all the unigenes) did not exhibit similar sequences, which may be new transcripts. In addition, 6778, 8282 and 8601 DEGs were detected at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Functional annotation analysis indicated that many genes may be involved in several aspects of the Cd stress response, including ion bonding, signal transduction, stress sensing, hormone responses and ROS metabolism. A ThUGT gene from the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway can enhance the Cd resistance ability of T. hispida by regulating the production of reactive oxygen species under Cd stress and inhibiting T. hispida absorption of Cd.Conclusion The new transcriptome resources and data that we present in this study for T. hispida may substantially facilitate molecular studies of the mechanisms governing Cd resistance.
Improved electrochemical oxidative degradation of Reactive Red 24 dye by BDD anodes coupled with nitrate: operating parameters, kinetics, and degradation pathways
Authors: Tang Yining , He Deliang , Guo Yanni , Shang Jun , Zhou Lei , Pan Rong , Dong Wei , Liu Mengli 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The electrochemical oxidation (EO) process coupled with BDD anode and nitrate was used to improve Reactive Red 24 (RR24) removal efficiency in wastewater treatment. The effects of operating parameters on the decolorization efficiency of RR24 were discussed, and the optimal operating parameters were obtained as follows: 45 mA cm− 2, 100 mM SO42−, 7 mM NO3−, 60°C, pH 5.88, and 100 mg L− 1 RR24 initial concentration. The energy consumption for 100% decolorization within 15 min is 0.92 kWh m− 3, and the total organic carbon (TOC) reaches 51.35% within 90 min. Through the effect of quenchers on RR24 decolorization efficiency, various active species in the EO process were studied. It was found that •OH was closely related to the decolorization degradation of RR24, reaching a contribution rate of 99.47%. Finally, we propose the degradation pathways of RR24 by UV-Vis spectrum and LC-MS test. In summary, the proposed treatment process could be applied to treat RR24 dyes as an efficient method.
A multi-faceted experimental study on the dynamic behavior of MgSiO3 glass in the Earth’s deep interior
Authors: Ryu Young Jay , Wang Yanbin , Yu Tony , Bonnet Fiona , Greenberg Eran , Prescher Clemens , Prakapenka Vitali B. , Tkachev Sergey , Eng Peter , Stubbs Joanne E. , Dera Przemyslaw , Watson Heather , Rivers Mark L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Pressure-induced structural modifications in silicate melts play a crucial role in controlling dynamic processes in the deep interiors of the Earth and other planets. The correlation between structural and macroscopic properties of silicate liquids (densification, viscosity, chemical differentiation, etc.), however, remains poorly understood. Here we report the evolution of structural modifications and elastic properties of MgSiO3 glass to pressures up to ~70 GPa using a combination of experimental techniques, including micro-confocal Raman spectroscopy, angle-dispersive X-ray scattering, and Brillouin spectroscopy in the diamond-anvil cell. Our combined data set provides consistent and complementary evidence of a series of pressure-induced structural modifications in MgSiO3 glass at ~2, ~8, ~20, and ~40 GPa. Based on these results, a structural evolution model for MgSiO3 glass is proposed. We also discuss the role of Mg-O component in MgSiO3 and Mg2SiO4 glasses in controlling pressure-induced structural modifications and mechanical responses in these supercooled liquids.
Variation of Al species during water treatment: correlation with treatment efficiency under varied hydraulic conditions
Authors: Wang Zhenghua , Huang Wei , Wang Chuang , Li Xiaoshang , He Zhaohui , Hursthouse Andrew , Zhu Guocheng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The concentration of hydrolyzed coagulant ion species is a key factor in determining drinking water treatment efficiency. Direct correlation of water treatment efficiency with changes in species during coagulation has not been addressed. We investigated the correlation under different hydraulic conditions and water treatment efficiencies including changes in removal of turbidity, ultraviolet adsorption at 254 nm (UV254) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Results highlighted that Al species (monomeric species as Ala, medium polymeric species as Alb and colloidal species as Alc) behaved differently during coagulation and treatment efficiencies were affected. When varying the mixing speed, the removal of Alc species had a strong negative correlation with water treatment efficiency but under other hydraulic conditions positive correlations were found. The removal of Ala species was positively correlated with water treatment efficiency, but under other hydraulic conditions the low abundance of Ala species meant the correlation was difficult to observe. The Alb species were significantly and positively correlated with water treatment efficiency with the highest correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.87. The correlation of metallic species with removal efficiencies of the DOC and the UV254 produced higher R2 values. Correlation of the rate of removal of Alb species with the removal efficiencies of the DOC or the UV254 was better than for Alc.
Natural Antibodies: Protecting Role of IgM in Glioblastoma and Brain Tumours
Authors: Semwal Shubham , Boukherroub Rabah , Savvides Savvas N. , Bouckaert Julie 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Glioblastoma is a grade IV astrocytoma with an average survival span for patients of
18 months after initial diagnosis and no standard treatment protocol is available. Therefore, there is a need to
search for novel approaches to target glioblastoma.

Objectives:
This review intends to capture the role of immunoglobulin-M in cancer, more specifically in
glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and to compile the latest developments and immunological pathways relevant
to glioblastoma.

Methods:
Information on glioblastoma, cancer microenvironment, cancer therapeutics, and how to improve the
scenario were obtained from scientific literature databases such as Pubmed, Medline, Google Scholar, Science
Direct, Springer, Wiley online library, and some data was harvested from regulatory and compliance databases
such as clinicaltrials.gov, FDA database, and WHO Globocan.

Results and Conclusions:
Currently, only a limited number of therapies are approved for GBM, and no standard
care is in place in case of disease relapse, necessitating a possible broader perspective in looking at the disease
and its underlying mechanisms.
A Meta-Analysis of Safety of Different Regimens of Remdesivir in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Konwar Mahanjit , Maurya Miteshkumar , Bose Debdipta 
Published: July 2021

:
Remdesivir is an adenosine analogue drug that targets RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
enzyme and inhibits viral replication. As of 22nd October, 2020, US FDA fully approved the
drug Remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19 patients who requires hospitalisation. Many clinical
studies reported the derangement in hepatic and renal function tests, which is alarming considering
the health conditions of the COVID-19 patients. In view of these results, the present study was
envisaged to review the safety of Remdesivir in COVID-19 patients. The PubMed, Embase, and
Cochrane databases were searched using the terms ‘Remdesivir,’ ‘veklury,’ ‘SARS’ and ‘COVID’
till 1st December, 2020. The studies included in this meta-analysis were either randomised or nonrandomised
studies that evaluated Remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19 against Placebo [standard
of care]. The Adverse events [AEs], Serious adverse events [SAEs] and Treatment Discontinuation
due to Adverse Events (TDAE) were used as primary outcome measures. The quality of
studies was evaluated by using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for the assessment of RoB. Data
analysis was performed by two authors (MK & DB) using statistical software Review manager
[Revman] version 5.3. The pooled Risk Ratios (RR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated
by using a random-effects model for both primary and secondary outcomes. A total of four
RCTs were included for the meta-analysis. Out of the four included clinical trials accepted for its
methodological quality, three were of excellent quality and one study was of moderate quality. The
pooled estimates of the three studies showed that Remdesivir had a 24% lower risk of SAEs compared
to the placebo arm. However, the pooled estimates of two studies showed that 10 days of
Remdesivir had 56% higher risk of SAEs compared to 5 days of Remdesivir regimen. Similarly,
the 10 days of Remdesivir had two times higher risk of TDAEs compared to 5 days Remdesivir regimen.
In conclusion, our meta-analysis demonstrated that Remdesivir is a safe therapeutic option.
Our metanalysis revealed 5 days’ regimen have better safety profile than 10 days’ regimen of drug
Remdesivir with respect to SAEs and TDAEs. For hospitalized patients, a 5-day course could be
preferable with fewer safety concerns and lower drug costs.

PROSPERO Registration ID:
CRD 42020224272.
Anaphylaxis to Pantoprazole: A Case Report and Prerequisite for Vigilant
Prescribing Practises for Proton Pump Inhibitors
Authors: James Jerin , Rani Jamuna , Sathyanarayanan Varadarajan , Begum Althab , Fayaz Syed Hussain 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Pantoprazole is a Proton Pump Inhibitor, commonly used by clinicians all
over the world as a gastric acid synthesis inhibitor for a wide variety of gastrointestinal disorders.
The efficacy and the safety of the drug are unsurmountable. PPIs are being prescribed nowadays
for unapproved indications. It is one of the widely used medications in the world. Consequently, adverse
events are commonly reported nowadays with proton pump inhibitors, and it is essential to
improve physician awareness regarding judicious prescribing practice.

Objective:
To report a case of anaphylaxis to pantoprazole, that occurred in a patient admitted with
gastrointestinal complaints.

Case summary:
Within few minutes of intravenous infusion of pantoprazole, a 75-year-old female
developed anaphylaxis. The adverse drug reaction was promptly diagnosed, and the patient was resuscitated.

Conclusion:
It is imperative that clinicians should be aware of this adverse effect that might occur
with pantoprazole and hence be more cautious while prescribing the drug, especially in the elderly.
The Validity of Mobile Applications to Facilitate Patient Care Provided to Cancer Patients: Opportunities and Limitations
Authors: Amawi Haneen , Al-Azzam Sayer , Alzanati Tasnim , Altamimi Neveen , Hammad Alaa , Alzoubi Karem H. , Ashby Charles R. , Tiwari Amit K. 
Published: July 2021

Background:The use of health-related applications (apps) on smartphones has become widespread. This is especially of value during the ongoing SAR-COV-2 pandemic, where accessibility to health care services has been greatly limited. Patients with free access to apps can obtain information to improve their understanding and management of health issues. Currently, there are cancer-related apps available on iPhones and androids. However, there are no guidelines to control these apps and ensure their quality. Furthermore, these apps may significantly modify the patients’ perception and knowledge about drug-related health services.Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the convenience, quality, safety and efficacy of apps for cancer patient care.Methods:The study was conducted by searching all apps related to cancer care on both Google Play Store and Apple iTunes Store. A detailed assessment was then performed using the mobile application rating scale (MARS) and risk assessment tools.Results:The results indicated that on a scale from 1-5, 47% of the apps were rated ≥ 4. The MARS assessment of the apps yielded an overall quality rating of 3.38 ± 0.9 (mean ± SD). The visual appeal of the app was found to have a significant effect on app functionality and user engagement. The potential benefits of these apps come with challenges and limitations. Patents related to smartphone applications targeting patients were also discussed.Conclusion:We recommend a greater emphasis toward producing evidence-based apps. These apps should be rigorously tested, evaluated and updated by experts, particularly clinical pharmacists. Also, these apps may alter patient attitudes toward services provided by physicians and pharmacists. Finally, these apps should not replace in-person interactive health services.
Using Electronic Health Record–Based Clinical Decision Support to Provide Social Risk–Informed Care in Community Health Centers: Protocol for the Design and Assessment of a Clinical Decision Support Tool
Authors: Gold Rachel , Sheppler Christina , Hessler Danielle , Bunce Arwen , Cottrell Erika , Yosuf Nadia , Pisciotta Maura , Gunn Rose , Leo Michael , Gottlieb Laura 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundConsistent and compelling evidence demonstrates that social and economic adversity has an impact on health outcomes. In response, many health care professional organizations recommend screening patients for experiences of social and economic adversity or social risks—for example, food, housing, and transportation insecurity—in the context of care. Guidance on how health care providers can act on documented social risk data to improve health outcomes is nascent. A strategy recommended by the National Academy of Medicine involves using social risk data to adapt care plans in ways that accommodate patients’ social risks.ObjectiveThis study’s aims are to develop electronic health record (EHR)–based clinical decision support (CDS) tools that suggest social risk–informed care plan adaptations for patients with diabetes or hypertension, assess tool adoption and its impact on selected clinical quality measures in community health centers, and examine perceptions of tool usability and impact on care quality.MethodsA systematic scoping review and several stakeholder activities will be conducted to inform development of the CDS tools. The tools will be pilot-tested to obtain user input, and their content and form will be revised based on this input. A randomized quasi-experimental design will then be used to assess the impact of the revised tools. Eligible clinics will be randomized to a control group or potential intervention group; clinics will be recruited from the potential intervention group in random order until 6 are enrolled in the study. Intervention clinics will have access to the CDS tools in their EHR, will receive minimal implementation support, and will be followed for 18 months to evaluate tool adoption and the impact of tool use on patient blood pressure and glucose control.ResultsThis study was funded in January 2020 by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities of the National Institutes of Health. Formative activities will take place from April 2020 to July 2021, the CDS tools will be developed between May 2021 and November 2022, the pilot study will be conducted from August 2021 to July 2022, and the main trial will occur from December 2022 to May 2024. Study data will be analyzed, and the results will be disseminated in 2024.ConclusionsPatients’ social risk information must be presented to care teams in a way that facilitates social risk–informed care. To our knowledge, this study is the first to develop and test EHR-embedded CDS tools designed to support the provision of social risk–informed care. The study results will add a needed understanding of how to use social risk data to improve health outcomes and reduce disparities.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/31733
Rancang Bangun Prototipe Sistem Kontrol Terdistribusi untuk Pemantauan dan Pengendali Ketinggian Permukaan Air pada 5 Pintu Air Berbasis IoT (Internet of Things) menggunakan Socket.IO
Authors: Iklima Zendi 
Published: July 2021

Pemantauan tinggi permukaan air pada sungai merupakan salah satu tindakan untuk mengurangi terjadinya banjir akibat kelebihan debit air sungai dan ketinggiannya. Pengembangan sistem pemantauan permukaan air sungai telah banyak dilakukan. Namun, sistem tersebut tidak saling terhubung antar pintu air yang saling berhubungan. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Sistem tersebut dalam pengembangan teknologi IoT (Internet of Things) yaitu menggunakan workflow Socket sebagai sistem kontrol terdistribusi. Dengan adanya pengembangan pada sistem tersebut diharapkan memberikan informasi yang akurat dan tepat waktu (real-time) mengenai status dari ketinggian permukaan air yaitu Siaga I, Siaga II, Siaga III dan Normal. Dengan sistem yang terpusat (centralized Sistem) maka sistem ini dapat melakukan pemantauan dan pengkontrolan pintu air yang terintegrasi dalam suatu wilayah desa, kota, provinsi dan negara tertentu. Maka hasil pemantuan ketinggian permukaan air sungai pada 5 kanal diketahui memiliki respons 7.05ms dengan data berkapasitas 117B. Data yang diolah tersebut didistribusikan oleh server kesemua client yang terkoneksi didalam sistem dan mengirim notifikasi dengan Google SMTP Server. Sistem ini merekam semua data yang diambil dari sensor HC-SR04 secara real-time serta men-tigger untuk membuka pintu air (gate servo MG90S) dalam status tertentu sehingga disediakan sebuah dashboard untuk melakukan pemantauan dan pengendalian sistem terintegrasi pada pintu air.
Rancang Bangun Monitoring Dan Kontrol Kualitas Udara Dengan Metode Fuzzy Logic Berbasis Wemos
Authors: Virdaus Muchamad Seno Sahisnu , Ihsanto Eko 
Published: July 2021

Pencemaran udara di lingkungan semakin meningkat. Pengaruh geografis dapat mendorong terjadinya peningkatan pencemaran udara, misalnya pencemaran udara seringkali dihasilkan oleh berbagai kegiatan seperti transportasi, industri, kebocoran gas LPG rumahan, dan pembangunan infrastruktur. Selain gas-gas yang disebutkan diatas, tidak ketinggalan adalah asap yang juga dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. Kandungan gas berbahaya dan asap tidak kasat mata, sehingga sulit bagi masyarakat awam untuk mengantisipasi gangguan tersebut. Bahkan banyak diantaranya menganggap jika udara yang dihirup sudah bersih dan menyehatkan. Pada penelitian ini dibuat sebuah alat yang dapat memberikan informasi keadaan udara pada lingkungan setiap waktu. Alat berbasis mikrokontroler Wemos yang disusun dengan sensor MQ-7 sebagai sensor pendeteksi karbon monoksida dan sensor MQ-135 sebagai pendeteksi kualitas udara akan membaca kandungan karbon monoksida dan kualitas udara yang ada untuk kemudian kedua nilai masukan ini akan diolah menggunakan Logika Fuzzy Mamdani yang akan menentukan keadaan udara dalam ruangan gudang bahan berbahaya dan beracun (B3). Pengujian implementasi alat dilakukan dua kali yaitu yang pertama menguji sensor MQ-7 dengan korek api gas dan untuk pengujian sensor MQ-135 dengan kertas dibakar yang menimbulkan asap. Dengan melihat hasil pengujian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa alat pendeteksi pencemaran udara ini memiliki akurasi sebesar 100%.
EFICIÊNCIA RELATIVA DE UNIVERSIDADES FEDERAIS BRASILEIRAS NAS ATIVIDADES DE ENSINO, PESQUISA E EXTENSÃO
Authors: Alvarenga Franciane de Oliveira , Ohayon Pierre 
Published: July 2021

Objetivou-se avaliar o nível de eficiência relativa de Universidades Federais Brasileiras nas atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, uma vez que elas impulsionam o crescimento socioeconômico, fazendo-se necessário que os gastos públicos sejam feitos de forma eficiente, atentando-se à produtividade. Para isso, utilizou-se a técnica Análise por Envoltória de Dados. A pesquisa é caracterizada como descritiva e de abordagem quantitativa, sendo composta por 34 universidades federais brasileiras, adotando-se uma análise longitudinal entre os anos de 2013 e 2017. Para as atividades de ensino, observou-se que nove universidades apresentaram eficiência total ao longo do período analisado, sendo que 2014 foi o ano que apresentou os piores níveis de eficiência e 2016 o melhor. Já para as atividades de pesquisa, os resultados apontaram que nove universidades foram 100% eficientes ao longo do período de análise, apontando que 2014 foi o pior ano (com menores níveis de eficiência) e 2017 o melhor. Por fim, em relação às atividades de extensão, os resultados mostram que as universidades têm mais dificuldades para se manterem totalmente eficientes, visto que apenas três universidades são consideradas 100% eficientes em relação ao grupo de análise nos anos compreendidos, apontando que 2014 foi o ano que as universidades tiveram melhores níveis de eficiência e 2017 o pior ano. Sabendo que a missão das universidades é realizar atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, observou-se que apenas a Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais e a Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre se mantiveram 100% eficientes em todas as atividades em conjunto e nos anos analisados.