bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does sustainable water management affect business performance in the Brazilian mining industry?
Authors: Bichueti Roberto Schoproni , Gomes Clandia Maffini , Kruglianskas Isak , Kneipp Jordana Marques , Rosa Luciana Aparecida Barbieri da , Frizzo Kamila 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe mining activity is essential in the economic context. However, there are several potential impacts caused by this activity, from the environmental and social perspective. In this regard, it is worth noting the relationship of this industry with the management of water use, a strategic resource for the business activity. This study aims to identify the relationship between the management of water use and the business performance in industries in the Brazilian mining sector. To that end, we conducted a survey with managers from industries in the sector. The results of the survey lead to the acceptance of the central hypothesis of the study, where there is a positive relationship between the management of water use and business performance, corroborating the significant importance of this resource to the competitiveness of industries in the mining sector.
Evaluating lower limb tendinopathy with Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment (VISA) questionnaires: a systematic review shows very-low-quality evidence for their content and structural validity—part I
Authors: Korakakis Vasileios , Kotsifaki Argyro , Stefanakis Manos , Sotiralis Yiannis , Whiteley Rod , Thorborg Kristian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment (Achilles tendon—VISA-A, greater trochanteric pain syndrome—VISA-G, proximal hamstring tendinopathy—VISA-H, patellar tendon—VISA-P) questionnaires are widely used in research and clinical practice; however, no systematic reviews have formally evaluated their content, structural, and cross-cultural validity evidence. The measurement properties referring to content, structural and cross-cultural validity of the VISA questionnaires were appraised and synthesized.

Methods
The systematic review was conducted according to Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology. PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, SportsDiscus, grey literature, and reference lists were searched. Development studies and cross-cultural adaptations (12 languages) assessing content or structural validity of the VISA questionnaires were included and two reviewers assessed their methodological quality. Evidence for content (relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility), structural, and cross-cultural validity was synthesized. A modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was applied to evidence synthesis.

Results
The VISA-A presented very-low-quality evidence of sufficient relevance, insufficient comprehensiveness, and inconsistent comprehensibility. VISA-G displayed moderate-quality evidence for sufficient comprehensibility and very-low-quality evidence of sufficient relevance and comprehensiveness. The VISA-P presented very-low-quality evidence of sufficient relevance, insufficient comprehensiveness, and inconsistent comprehensibility, while VISA-H presented very-low evidence of insufficient content validity. VISA-A displayed low-quality evidence for structural validity concerning unidimensionality and internal structure, while VISA-H presented low-quality evidence of insufficient unidimensionality. The structural validity of VISA-G and VISA-P were indeterminate and inconsistent, respectively. Internal consistency for VISA-G, VISA-H, and VISA-P was indeterminate. No studies evaluated cross-cultural validity, while measurement invariance across sexes was assessed in one study.

Conclusions
Only very-low-quality evidence exists for the content and structural validity of VISA questionnaires when assessing the severity of symptoms and disability in patients with lower limb tendinopathies.

Level of evidence
IV.

Registration
PROSPERO reference—CRD42019126595.
Substitution of histidine 30 by asparagine in manganese superoxide dismutase alters biophysical properties and supports proliferation in a K562 leukemia cell line
Authors: Bonetta Rosalin , Hunter Gary J. , Trinh Chi H. , Borowski Tomasz , Fenech Anthony G. , Kulp Maria , Tabares Leandro C. , Un Sun , Hunter Thérèse 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe have generated a mutant of C. elegans manganese superoxide dismutase at histidine 30 by site-directed mutagenesis. The structure was solved at a resolution of 1.52 Å by X-ray crystallography (pdb: 6S0D). His30 was targeted, as it forms as a gateway residue at the top of the solvent access funnel to the active site, together with Tyr34. In the wild-type protein, these gateway residues are involved in the hydrogen-bonding network providing the protons necessary for the catalytic reaction at the metal center. However, biophysical characterization and cell viability experiments reveal that a mutation from histidine to asparagine in the H30N mutant modifies metal selectivity in the protein, favoring the uptake of iron over manganese in minimal media conditions, alters active-site coordination from the characteristic trigonal bipyramidal to octahedral geometry, and encourages cellular proliferation in K562 cells, when added exogenously to the cells.
Advantages of Laparoscopic Surgery for Gastric Cancer in Elderly Patients Aged Over 80 Years: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Tanaka Ryo , Lee Sang‐Woong , Imai Yoshiro , Honda Kotaro , Matsuo Kentaro , Tashiro Keitaro , Kawai Masaru , Uchiyama Kazuhisa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe short‐ and long‐term efficacy of laparoscopic surgery for elderly patients with gastric cancer has not been evaluated. We aimed to use propensity score matching to clarify the efficacy of laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) for elderly patients with gastric cancer aged ≥80 years.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data from 159 consecutive patients with gastric cancer aged ≥80 years who underwent gastrectomy with curative intent at our institution between 2004 and 2015. Propensity score matching was applied to compare the open gastrectomy (OG) and LG. Short‐ and long‐term outcomes were evaluated between the propensity‐matched groups.ResultsPatients’ backgrounds and surgical factors were similar in both groups except for blood loss. The median time to first flatus was significantly shorter in the LG group than in the OG group (P = 0.002). The postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the LG group (P = 0.014). The complication rate of Clavien–Dindo grade III or higher was significantly lower in the LG group (3% vs. 23%, P = 0.023). The 5‐year overall survival and 5‐year disease‐specific survival rates were better in the LG group than in the OG group, but the differences were not significant (45% vs. 42% and 67% vs 57%, respectively).ConclusionLG was associated with good short‐term outcomes and acceptable oncologic outcomes compared with OG in these propensity‐matched patients aged ≥80 years.
Einschätzung des subjektiven Infektionsrisikos und Impfbereitschaft gegen SARS-CoV-2 unter deutschen Augenärzten
Authors: Roth M. , Holtmann C. , Tillmann A. , Bertram B. , Geerling G. 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziele
Nach Zulassung erster COVID-19-Impfstoffe in Deutschland sind „Impfpriorisierung“ und „Impfbereitschaft“ zentrale Themen in der Diskussion über Strategien zur Beendigung der Pandemie. Wie Augenärztinnen und Augenärzte das Infektionsrisiko in Augenkliniken und -praxen subjektiv bewerten und wie groß die Impfbereitschaft in dieser Berufsgruppe ist, wurde bisher nicht untersucht. Ziel dieses Projekts war die Erfassung der subjektiven Bewertung des Infektionsrisikos und der Impfbereitschaft der Augenärzte in Deutschland.

Methoden
Die Daten wurden im Rahmen einer kurzen, anonymen Online-Umfrage des Berufsverbands der Augenärzte Deutschlands (BVA) und der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft (DOG) unter Federführung der Universitätsaugenklinik Düsseldorf erhoben. Der Fragebogen war im Zeitraum vom 22.01. bis 12.02.2021 zur Teilnahme freigeschaltet. Die Umfrage richtete sich an alle augenärztlichen Kolleginnen und Kollegen.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurden 1162 vollständige Antwortbögen ausgewertet. Das berufsbedingte Infektionsrisiko bewerten die Befragten durchschnittlich mit 7,5 ± 1,9 (Skala von 1 bis 10; 1 = sehr geringes Risiko, 10 = sehr hohes Risiko); 971 Umfrageteilnehmer (83,6 %) schätzen das Infektionsrisiko im Vergleich zu anderen ärztlichen Fachrichtungen als höher ein; 92,9 % (n = 1079) der Umfrageteilnehmer geben an, sich impfen lassen zu wollen.

Schlussfolgerung
Die befragten Augenärzte sehen ihre Berufsgruppe einem auch im Vergleich zu anderen Fachrichtungen überdurchschnittlich hohen SARS-CoV-2-Infektionsrisiko ausgesetzt. Dabei kritisieren sie häufig die Priorisierung des Bundesministeriums für Gesundheit (BMG), die von der Priorisierung der Ständigen Impfkommission (STIKO) abweicht. Die Impfbereitschaft ist unter den befragten deutschen Augenärzten sehr hoch.
Paediatric neurosurgical implications of a ribosomopathy: illustrative case and literature review
Authors: Murphy Suzanne , Grima Gabriella , Mankad Kshitij , Aquilina Kristian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRibosomopathies are rare, recently defined entities. One of these, Labrune syndrome, is recognisable radiologically by its distinctive triad of leukoencephalopathy, intracranial calcifications and cysts (LCC). These cysts may have neurosurgical implications at different ages because of their progressive expansion and local mass effect. The aetiology of LCC is related to a widespread cerebral microangiopathy and is due to a genetic mutation in SNORD118, responsible for stabilisation of the large ribosomal subunit during assembly.
Poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]–ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors as maintenance therapy in women with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Hongyan , Yang Junjun , Liu Huixin , Xiang Yang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the efficacy and safety of poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]–ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (including their different types) as maintenance therapy in women with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer, and to explore whether this therapy produces a survival benefit in a subgroup population with specific clinical characteristics.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and relevant clinical research registry platforms on October 1, 2019, and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared PARP inhibitors with placebo in women (aged ≥ 18 years) with newly diagnosed epithelial ovarian cancer.ResultsWe identified four RCTs with 3,070 participants. Compared with placebo, PARP inhibitor maintenance therapy showed a clinically significant benefit on progression free survival (PFS) in homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) positive population (hazard ratio [HR], 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29–0.53). In contrast, no clear differences were identified between the groups in the HRD negative population (HR, 0.83; 95% CI 0.67–1.03). Further, there was no clear difference between the groups in terms of other outcomes (overall survival, health-related quality of life, and adverse events).ConclusionsPARP inhibitor maintenance therapy significantly prolongs the PFS of patients with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer, especially in HRD positive patients. The diagnostic test used to determine HRD status plays an important role in guiding PARP inhibitor maintenance therapy. Compared with placebo, the effect of PARP inhibitors on ovarian cancer was probably not affected by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage status, response to first-line chemotherapy, and residual macroscopic disease after debulking surgery.
CD73 expression in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic thyroid: a systematic evaluation revealing CD73 overexpression as a feature of papillary carcinomas
Authors: Monteiro Inês , Missiaglia Edoardo , Sciarra Amedeo , Santos João Vasco , Bouilly Justine , Romero Pedro , Sempoux Christine , de Leval Laurence 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCD73 converts AMP to adenosine, an immunosuppressive metabolite that promotes tumorigenesis. This study presents a systematic evaluation of CD73 expression in benign, hyperplastic, and neoplastic thyroid. CD73 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 142 thyroid samples. CD73 was expressed in normal thyroid (3/6) and goiter (5/6), with an apical pattern and mild intensity. Apical and mild CD73 expression was also present in oncocytic cell adenomas/carcinomas (9/10; 5/8) and in follicular adenomas/carcinomas (12/18; 23/27). In contrast, papillary thyroid carcinomas featured extensive and intense CD73 staining (49/50) (vs. normal thyroid/goiter, p < 0.001). Seven of nine anaplastic carcinomas were CD73-positive with heterogeneous extensiveness of staining. Medullary and poorly differentiated carcinomas were mostly CD73-negative (1/6; 2/2). These results were corroborated by NT5E mRNA profiling. Papillary carcinomas feature enhanced CD73 protein and mRNA expression with distinct and intense staining, more pronounced in the invasive fronts of the tumors.
Ophiolite derived material as parent rocks for Late Jurassic bauxite: evidence for Tithonian unroofing in the Northern Calcareous Alps (Eastern Alps, Austria)
Authors: Steiner Timotheus Martin Christoph , Gawlick Hans-Jürgen , Melcher Frank , Schlagintweit Felix 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn shallow-water limestones of the Plassen Formation in the Tirolic nappe of the Northern Calcareous Alps, bauxite was formed on karstified and tilted platform margin grainstones to boundstones around the ?Kimmeridgian/Tithonian boundary, or in the Early Tithonian as proven by Protopeneroplis striata Weynschenk, Labyrinthina mirabilis Weynschenk, and Salpingoporella pygmaea Gümbel. The platform established on top of the obducted ophiolite nappe stack. The onset of unroofing at the Kimmeridgian/Tithonian boundary exposed ophiolites to weathering, forming laterites, and bauxites. The weathered ophiolitic material was shed on the tilted, emerged, and karstified platform, where the bauxite accumulated. Continued subsidence led to flooding, and a Tithonian transgressive carbonate sequence sealed the bauxites. XRD analysis of the bauxite yields a composition of mainly boehmite with hematite and some berthierine, kaolinite, and chromite. SEM analysis verified magnetite, hematite, rutile, chromite, zircon, ferropseudobrookite, ilmenite, monazite, xenotime, and garnet distributed in pisoids and within the matrix. The pisoids reach a millimeter in size and partly show cores of older, larger pisoids. The composition of the chromites indicates an ophiolitic origin. Geochemical examination using major- and trace elements points to a mafic andesitic to basaltic parent material contaminated with highly fractionated rocks from an island arc. Formation of Early Tithonian bauxites in shallow-water limestones confirms Middle to Early Late Jurassic ophiolite obduction. This was followed by uplift and unroofing of the orogen from the Kimmeridgian/Tithonian boundary onwards after a period of relative tectonic quiescence with an onset of carbonate platforms during the Kimmeridgian on top of the nappe stack and the obducted Neo-Tethys ophiolites.
Hydromechanical Investigations on the Self-propping Potential of Fractures in Tight Sandstones
Authors: Cheng Chaojie , Milsch Harald 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe hydromechanical properties of single self-propping fractures under stress are of fundamental interest for fractured-rock hydrology and a large number of geotechnical applications. This experimental study investigates fracture closure and hydraulic aperture changes of displaced tensile fractures, aligned tensile fractures, and saw-cut fractures for two types of sandstone (i.e., Flechtinger and Fontainebleau) with contrasting mechanical properties, cycling confining pressure between 5 and 30 MPa. Emphasis is placed on how surface roughness, fracture wall offset, and the mechanical properties of the contact asperities affect the self-propping potential of these fractures under normal stress. A relative fracture wall displacement can significantly increase fracture aperture and hydraulic conductivity, but the degree of increase strongly depends on the fracture surface roughness. For smooth fractures, surface roughness remains scale-independent as long as the fracture area is larger than a roll-off wavelength and thus any further displacement does not affect fracture aperture. For rough tensile fractures, these are self-affine over a larger scale so that an incremental fracture wall offset likely leads to an increase in fracture aperture. X-ray microtomography of the fractures indicates that the contact area ratio of the tensile fractures after the confining pressure cycle inversely correlates with the fracture wall offset yielding values in the range of about 3–25%, depending, first, on the respective surface roughness and, second, on the strength of the asperities in contact. Moreover, the contact asperities mainly occur isolated and tend to be preferentially oriented in the direction perpendicular to the fracture wall displacement which, in turn, may induce flow anisotropy. This, overall, implies that relatively harder sedimentary rocks have a higher self-propping potential for sustainable fluid flow through fractures in comparison to relatively soft rocks when specific conditions regarding surface roughness and fracture wall offset are met.
Measures of Facilitator Competent Adherence Used in Parenting Programs and Their Psychometric Properties: A Systematic Review
Authors: Martin Mackenzie , Steele Bridget , Lachman Jamie M. , Gardner Frances 
Published: May 2021

AbstractImplementation fidelity is a critical component of intervention science, which aims to understand how interventions unfold in practice to improve outcomes. A key element of fidelity is facilitator competent adherence—the extent to which a program is delivered as prescribed with the specified level of quality. We conducted a two-part systematic review examining these aspects in parenting programs aiming to reduce child behavior problems and maltreatment. Part One reviews measures of facilitator competent adherence and Part Two examines the psychometric properties of the observational measures found. Searches identified 9153 articles from electronic databases, citation tracking, and expert input. After screening using pre-specified criteria, 156 (Part One) and 41 (Part Two) articles remained. In Part One, measure, facilitator, and intervention characteristics were extracted and synthesized from 65 measures. Most measures were observational, used by facilitators and researchers, and employed Likert-scale ratings. In Part Two, evidence on the reliability (internal consistency, inter-rater, intra-rater, test–retest) and validity (content, construct, convergent/divergent, criterion) of 30 observational measures identified from Part One was synthesized and evaluated. An adapted COSMIN checklist was used to assess study and measure quality. We found most studies to be of reasonably high quality. This is the first review to summarize and critically appraise measures of facilitator competent adherence used in the parenting program literature and establish their psychometric properties. The findings underscore the need to advance research on measures of facilitator competent adherence; reliable, valid, and high-quality implementation measures allow for evidence-based decisions regarding the delivery and scale-up of parenting programs. PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42020167872.
The Relativistic Car: Applying Metaethics to the Debate about Self-Driving Vehicles
Authors: Pölzler Thomas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAlmost all participants in the debate about the ethics of accidents with self-driving cars have so far assumed moral universalism. However, universalism may be philosophically more controversial than is commonly thought, and may lead to undesirable results in terms of non-moral consequences and feasibility. There thus seems to be a need to also start considering what I refer to as the “relativistic car” — a car that is programmed under the assumption that what is morally right, wrong, good, bad, etc. is determined by the moral beliefs of one’s society or culture. My investigation of this idea involves six steps. First, I explain why and how the moral universalism/relativism debate is relevant to the issue of self-driving cars. Second, I argue that there are good reasons to consider accident algorithms that assume relativism. Third, I outline how a relativistic car would be programmed to behave. Fourth, I address what advantages such a car would have, both in terms of its non-moral consequences and feasibility. Fifth, I address the relativistic car’s disadvantages. Finally, I qualify and conclude my considerations.
A review on extreme learning machine
Authors: Wang Jian , Lu Siyuan , Wang Shui-Hua , Zhang Yu-Dong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractExtreme learning machine (ELM) is a training algorithm for single hidden layer feedforward neural network (SLFN), which converges much faster than traditional methods and yields promising performance. In this paper, we hope to present a comprehensive review on ELM. Firstly, we will focus on the theoretical analysis including universal approximation theory and generalization. Then, the various improvements are listed, which help ELM works better in terms of stability, efficiency, and accuracy. Because of its outstanding performance, ELM has been successfully applied in many real-time learning tasks for classification, clustering, and regression. Besides, we report the applications of ELM in medical imaging: MRI, CT, and mammogram. The controversies of ELM were also discussed in this paper. We aim to report these advances and find some future perspectives.
Deep root uptake of leachable nitrogen in two soil types is reduced by high availability of soil nitrogen in fodder radish grown as catch crop
Authors: Xie Yue , Islam Sarmin , Legesse Haftom Teka , Kristensen Hanne Lakkenborg 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Aims
Plant available soil nitrogen (N) may affect deep root growth and soil N depletion by catch crops. We investigated the influence of topsoil N availability on root growth and uptake by fodder radish.

Methods
We conducted field and greenhouse experiments of root growth and late autumn N uptake at medium and high soil N availabilities, and root N inflow at medium and deep soil depths (15N injection) in sandy loam and loamy sand, using the minirhizotron method in the field and rhizotrons in the greenhouse.

Results
High soil N availability resulted in lower root intensity in the field, but higher root intensity in the greenhouse experiment under both soil types. Radish had deeper roots and higher root intensity in sandy loam than in loamy sand. High soil N availability caused lower 15N uptake at both soil depths in the field and lower N inflow rates at both soil depths in field and greenhouse. At medium soil N availability in the field, N inflow was twice as high in the deep than in the medium depth.

Conclusions
Higher soil N availability affects root growth and decrease N inflow, thus lowering late autumn N uptake and hampering deep N exploitation by fodder radish. At medium soil N availability, the potential for N uptake in deep soil is higher probably due to younger roots than at a medium soil depth. The shallower and less dense root growth in loamy sand is probably due to its lower clay and higher P contents.