bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent development on bio‐based thermosetting resins
Authors: Liu Jingkai , Zhang Liyue , Shun Wuliuyi , Dai Jinyue , Peng Yunyan , Liu Xiaoqing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDue to the rapid depletion of crude oil and serious environmental pollution, the synthesis of polymers from renewable resource is becoming more and more important. Up to now, a great variety of biomass and bio‐based platform compounds have been taken to prepare the polymers. However, as two representative thermosetting resins, epoxy and benzoxazine resin derived from renewable feedstocks only obtain limited attention compared with the popular bio‐based plastics, including PLA, PBAT and PHBV etc. The reason might be that the properties of previously reported thermosetting resins directly obtained from biomass are usually unsatisfied, and their application fields are limited. In this paper, the latest development on the synthesis of high‐performance bio‐based epoxy and polybenzoxazine resins are reviewed. In addition, to further broaden their applications, the functionalization strategies are also summarized. The objective of this work is to help us fully aware the present situation of bio‐based thermosetting resins and then promote their faster development, especially practical application.
Electrostatics and water occlusion regulate covalently‐bound flavin mononucleotide cofactors of Vibrio cholerae respiratory complex NQR
Authors: Willow Soohaeng Yoo , Yuan Ming , Juárez Oscar , Minh David D. L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractProteins like NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (NQR), an essential enzyme and ion pump in the physiology of several pathogenic bacteria, tightly regulate the redox properties of their cofactors. Although flavin mononucleotide (FMN) is fully reduced in aqueous solution, FMN in subunits B and C of NQR exclusively undergo one‐electron transitions during its catalytic cycle. Here, we perform ab initio calculations and molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the mechanisms that regulate the redox state of FMN in NQR. QM/MM calculations show that binding site electrostatics disfavor anionic forms of FMNH2, but permit a neutral form of the fully reduced flavin. The potential energy surface is unaffected by covalent bonding between FMN and threonine. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the FMN binding sites are inaccessible by water, suggesting that further reductions of the cofactors are limited or prohibited by the availability of water and other proton donors. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms used by NQR to regulate electron transfer through the cofactors and perform its physiologic role. They also provide the first, to our knowledge, evidence of the simple concept that proteins regulate flavin redox states via water occlusion.
Toward Fully‐Fledged Quantum and Classical Communication Over Deployed Fiber with Up‐Conversion Module
Authors: Bacco Davide , Vagniluca Ilaria , Cozzolino Daniele , Friis Søren M. M. , Høgstedt Lasse , Giudice Andrea , Calonico Davide , Cataliotti Francesco Saverio , Rottwitt Karsten , Zavatta Alessandro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractQuantum key distribution (QKD), the distribution of quantum secured keys useful for data encryption, is expected to have a crucial impact in the next decades. However, despite the notable achievements accomplished in the last 20 years, many practical and serious challenges are limiting the full deployment of this novel quantum technology in the current telecommunication infrastructures. In particular, the co‐propagation of quantum signals and high‐speed data traffic within the same optical fiber is not completely resolved, due to the intrinsic noise caused by the high‐intensity of the classical signals. As a consequence, current co‐propagation schemes limit the amount of classical optical power in order to reduce the overall link noise. However, this ad‐hoc solution restrains the range of possibilities for a large scale QKD deployment. Here, a new method, based on up‐conversion assisted receiver, for co‐propagating classical light and QKD signals is proposed and demonstrated. In addition, its performances are compared with an off‐the‐shelf quantum receiver, equipped with a standard single‐photon detector, over different lengths of an installed fiber link. The authors' proposal exhibits higher tolerance for noise in comparison to the standard receiver, thus enabling the distribution of secret keys in the condition of 4 dB‐higher classical power.
Dyspnoea with progressive “idiopathic” pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Puri Chahat , Harish Vignesh , Rhee Kyunghoon , Slack Donald F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTelomeres are repetitive nucleotide sequences that prevent chromosomal shortening in cell replication. Short telomeres have been implicated in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease. Patients with short telomere related pulmonary fibrosis can have computed tomography (CT) findings inconsistent with pro‐typical usual interstitial pneumonia/idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (UIP/IPF) pattern. They can have rapid progression and overall worse prognosis. Antifibrotic drugs, like pirfenidone, can be used to slow the progression of disease, but there is conflicting data in patients with Telomerase reverse transcriptase/Telomerase RNA component (TERT/TERC) mutations, hence genetic testing plays an important role in determining the therapeutic options. These patients should be referred for lung transplantation early. We present a case of rapidly progressive pulmonary fibrosis associated with short telomere.
Entrepreneurship at a crossroads: Meta‐analysis as a foundation and path forward
Authors: Combs James G. , Crook T. Russell , Ketchen David J. , Wright Mike 
Published: June 2021

Research SummaryThis special issue on “Advancing Entrepreneurship Research through Meta‐analysis” was commissioned in the belief that many entrepreneurship research topics have reached a crossroads. As a maturing, dynamic, and growing field, researchers are generating ever more empirical evidence regarding the field's central questions. Researchers can continue down this road, but for many topics, it seems time to pause and take stock of what has been learned—a task meta‐analysis was created to accomplish. We describe how the special issue articles accumulate and clarify what is known about important questions. Two of the studies highlight that entrepreneurial organizations are in fact different from other organizational settings, and all lay foundations that open new avenues for inquiry. We conclude by summarizing the types of questions meta‐analysis can help answer going forward and the advanced meta‐analytic techniques that are becoming increasingly important for answering such questions.Managerial SummaryThis special issue was commissioned because many entrepreneurship research streams contain mixed evidence about the nature of important relationships. Such a situation makes it difficult for entrepreneurs to leverage academic findings as they make decisions and for researchers to understand what is known. Meta‐analysis is a set of statistical tools that allows for the reconciliation of evidence that points in different directions and thereby provides actionable guidance for entrepreneurs and a solid foundation for researchers to build on. This introduction summarizes the special issue articles and describes their contributions. One key overall implication that arises from this collection of studies is that much of what works in traditional organizations is likely to work quite differently in entrepreneurial contexts.
The Spectrum of Skin-Related Conditions in Primary Care During 2015–2019–A Finnish Nationwide Database Study
Authors: Salava A. , Oker-Blom A. , Remitz A. 
Published: June 2021

Summary

Background
Skin-related conditions are the frequent cause of doctors’ consultations in primary care.

Methods
Based on nationwide data bank information of the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, we analysed the 20 most frequent main diagnoses for each ICD-10 category of all general practitioners’ visits in the public health care in Finland over the years 2015–2019.

Results
The total amount of doctor’s visits was 19 204 613 of which 1 489 228 consultations (7.80%) had a skin-related condition as the main diagnosis. The most frequent skin-related conditions were eczematous eruptions, bacterial skin infections and benign skin neoplasms accounting for 749 351 consultations (50.32%). The spectrum of skin-related conditions was diverse, with a large quantity of rarer diagnoses. Some diagnoses showed significant proportional changes.

Conclusions
The results demonstrate that a limited amount of conditions comprises most of the skin-related consultations in primary care in Finland. Undergraduate education in dermatology should concentrate on the most frequent conditions seen by general practitioners, but also address the wide range of skin problems.
Software defect prediction with imbalanced distribution by radius‐synthetic minority over‐sampling technique
Authors: Guo Shikai , Dong Jian , Li Hui , Wang Jiahui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSoftware defect prediction, which can identify the defect‐prone modules, is an effective technology to ensure the quality of software products. Due to the importance in software maintenance, many learning‐based software defect prediction models are presented in recent years. Actually, the defects usually occupy a very small proportions in software source codes; thus, the imbalanced distributions between defect‐prone modules and non‐defect‐prone modules increase the learning difficulty of the classification task. To address this issue, we present a random over‐sampling mechanism used to generate minority‐class samples from high‐dimensional sampling space to deal with the imbalanced distributions in software defect prediction, in which two constraints are applied to provide a robust way to generate new synthetic samples, that is, scaling the random over‐sampling scope to a reasonable area and distinguishing the majority‐class samples in a critical region. Based on nine open datasets of software projects, we experimentally verify that our presented method is effective on predict the defect‐prone modules, and the effect is superior to the traditional imbalanced processing methods.
Performance of a targeted cell‐free DNA prenatal test for 22q11.2 deletion in a large clinical cohort
Authors: Bevilacqua E. , Jani J. C. , Chaoui R. , Suk E.‐K. A. , Palma‐Dias R. , Ko T.‐M. , Warsof S. , Stokowski R. , Jones K. J. , Grati F. R. , Schmid M. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTObjective22q11.2 deletion is more common than trisomies 18 and 13 combined, yet no routine approach to prenatal screening for this microdeletion has been established. This study evaluated the clinical sensitivity and specificity of a targeted cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) test to screen for fetal 22q11.2 deletion in a large cohort, using blinded analysis of prospectively enrolled pregnancies and stored clinical samples.MethodsIn order to ensure that the analysis included a meaningful number of cases with fetal 22q11.2 deletion, maternal plasma samples were obtained by prospective, multicenter enrolment of pregnancies with a fetal cardiac abnormality and from stored clinical samples from a research sample bank. Fetal genetic status, as evaluated by microarray analysis, karyotyping with fluorescence in‐situ hybridization or a comparable test, was available for all cases. Samples were processed as described previously for the Harmony prenatal test, with the addition of DANSR (Digital Analysis of Selected Regions) assays targeting the 3.0‐Mb region of 22q11.2 associated with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Operators were blinded to fetal genetic status. Sensitivity and specificity of the cfDNA test for 22q11.2 deletion were calculated based on concordance between the cfDNA result and fetal genotype.ResultsThe final study group consisted of 735 clinical samples, including 358 from prospectively enrolled pregnancies and 377 stored clinical samples. Of 46 maternal plasma samples from pregnancies with a 22q11.2 deletion, ranging in size from 1.25 to 3.25 Mb, 32 had a cfDNA result indicating a high probability of 22q11.2 deletion (sensitivity, 69.6% (95% CI, 55.2–80.9%)). All 689 maternal plasma samples without a 22q11.2 deletion were classified correctly by the cfDNA test as having no evidence of a 22q11.2 deletion (specificity, 100% (95% CI, 99.5–100%)).ConclusionsThe results of this large‐scale prospective clinical evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of a targeted cfDNA test for fetal 22q11.2 deletion demonstrate that this test can detect the common and smaller, nested 22q11.2 deletions with a low (0–0.5%) false‐positive rate. Although the positive predictive value (PPV) observed in this study population was 100%, the expected PPV in the general pregnant population is estimated to be 12.2% at 99.5% specificity and 41.1% at 99.9% specificity. The use of this cfDNA test to screen for 22q11.2 deletion could enhance identification of pregnancies at risk for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome without significantly increasing the likelihood of maternal anxiety and unnecessary invasive procedures related to a false‐positive result. © 2021 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Responses of submerged macrophytes Vallisneria natans and epiphytic biofilm to floating plants Eichhornia crassipes in eutrophic water
Authors: Zhang Chen , Li Qi , Zhang Liu , Zhang Jibiao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe degeneration of submerged macrophytes and the invasion of Eichhornia crassipes (E. crassipes) destroyed the balance of aquatic ecosystems environments. In this study, responses of Vallisneria natans (V. natans) and the leaf‐epiphytic biofilms to E. crassipes were analyzed to provide a technical scheme for V. natans restoration and E. crassipes control in eutrophic water. The results showed that a significant improvement of water quality achieved in 1100 ind·m−2 E. crassipes density group and TN removal rate reached 63.53%. The presence of E. crassipes changed the morphological characteristics of V. natans, which stimulated the adaptive mechanisms via promotion of shoot height and root length. Concentrations of the antioxidant enzymes, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in the V. natans leaves remained stable. But E. crassipes greatly increased the microbial diversity on V. natans leave biofilms. Furthermore, the greatest richness in bacterial community diversity was observed at 700, 1100, and 1200 ind·m−2 E. crassipes densities in heatmap, which was beneficial to the stability of the water ecological environment. These results showed that the combination of V. natans with E. crassipes of 1100 ind m−2 providing more favorable conditions for the growth and restoration of submerged macrophytes and improve the water quality.Practitioner Points

The responses of submerged macrophytes to floating plants were studied.
The optimal density of Eichhornia crassipes was 1100 ind m−2.
The biofilm microbial community changed in response to Eichhornia crassipes.
Mori dreamness of blowups of weighted projective planes
Authors: Zhou Shengtian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe consider the blowup X(a, b, c) of a weighted projective space $${\mathbb {P}}(a,b,c)$$

P
(
a
,
b
,
c
)

at a general nonsingular point. We give a sufficient condition for a curve to be a negative curve on X(a, b, c) in terms of $$\chi ({\mathcal {O}}_X(C))$$

χ
(

O
X

(
C
)

)

. This can be applied to find the effective cone of X(a, b, c) and can serve as a starting point to prove the Mori dreamness of blowups of many weighted projective planes. We confirm the Mori dreamness of some X(a, b, c) as examples of our method.
ARL15 modulates magnesium homeostasis through N-glycosylation of CNNMs
Authors: Zolotarov Yevgen , Ma Chao , González-Recio Irene , Hardy Serge , Franken Gijs A. C. , Uetani Noriko , Latta Femke , Kostantin Elie , Boulais Jonathan , Thibault Marie-Pier , Côté Jean-François , Díaz-Moreno Irene , Quintana Antonio Díaz , Hoenderop Joost G. J. , Martínez-Cruz Luis Alfonso , Tremblay Michel L. , de Baaij Jeroen H. F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCyclin M (CNNM1-4) proteins maintain cellular and body magnesium (Mg2+) homeostasis. Using various biochemical approaches, we have identified members of the CNNM family as direct interacting partners of ADP-ribosylation factor-like GTPase 15 (ARL15), a small GTP-binding protein. ARL15 interacts with CNNMs at their carboxyl-terminal conserved cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) domains. In silico modeling of the interaction between CNNM2 and ARL15 supports that the small GTPase specifically binds the CBS1 and CNBH domains. Immunocytochemical experiments demonstrate that CNNM2 and ARL15 co-localize in the kidney, with both proteins showing subcellular localization in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane. Most importantly, we found that ARL15 is required for forming complex N-glycosylation of CNNMs. Overexpression of ARL15 promotes complex N-glycosylation of CNNM3. Mg2+ uptake experiments with a stable isotope demonstrate that there is a significant increase of 25Mg2+ uptake upon knockdown of ARL15 in multiple kidney cancer cell lines. Altogether, our results establish ARL15 as a novel negative regulator of Mg2+ transport by promoting the complex N-glycosylation of CNNMs.
The multifaceted view of heart problem in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Florczyk-Soluch Urszula , Polak Katarzyna , Dulak Józef 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDystrophin is a large protein serving as local scaffolding repetitively bridging cytoskeleton and the outside of striated muscle cell. As such dystrophin is a critical brick primarily in dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAGC) and in a larger submembranous unit, costamere. Accordingly, the lack of functional dystrophin laying at the root of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) drives sarcolemma instability. From this point on, the cascade inevitably leading to the death of myocyte begins. In cardiomyocytes, intracellular calcium overload and related mitochondrial-mediated cell death mainly contribute to myocardial dysfunction and dilation while other protein dysregulation and/or mislocalization may affect electrical conduction system and favor arrhythmogenesis. Although clinically DMD manifests as progressive muscle weakness and skeletal muscle symptoms define characteristic of DMD, it is the heart problem the biggest challenge that most often develop in the form of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Current standards of treatment and recent progress in respiratory care, introduced in most settings in the 1990s, have improved quality of life and median life expectancy to 4th decade of patient’s age. At the same time, cardiac causes of death related to DMD increases. Despite preventive and palliative cardiac treatments available, the prognoses remain poor. Direct therapeutic targeting of dystrophin deficiency is critical, however, hindered by the large size of the dystrophin cDNA and/or stochastic, often extensive genetic changes in DMD gene. The correlation between cardiac involvement and mutations affecting specific dystrophin isoforms, may provide a mutation-specific cardiac management and novel therapeutic approaches for patients with CM. Nonetheless, the successful cardiac treatment poses a big challenge and may require combined therapy to combat dystrophin deficiency and its after-effects (critical in DMD pathogenesis). This review locates the multifaceted heart problem in the course of DMD, balancing the insights into basic science, translational efforts and clinical manifestation of dystrophic heart disease.
Enhancing sensitivity of QCM for dengue type 1 virus detection using graphene-based polymer composites
Authors: Navakul Krongkaew , Sangma Chak , Yenchitsomanus Pa-thai , Chunta Suticha , Lieberzeit Peter A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGraphene oxide-molecularly imprinted polymer composites (GO-MIP) have attracted significant attention as recognition materials in sensing due to their outstanding properties in terms of electrical and thermal conductivity, high mechanical modulus, and the comparably straightforward way to functionalize them. The aim of this study was to design a MIP-based sensor recognition material and enhance its sensitivity by blending it with GO for sensing a harmful dengue hemorrhagic fever pathogen, namely the dengue type 1 virus (DENV-1). Polymer composites comprising GO incorporated to an acrylamide (AAM)/methacrylic acid (MAA)/methyl methacrylate (MMA)/N-vinylpyrrolidone (VP) copolymer were synthesized and compared to the “pure” MIP, i.e., the copolymer without GO. The pure polymer revealed a zeta potential of + 9.9 ± 0.5 mV, whereas GO sheets prepared have a zeta potential of − 60.3 ± 2.7 mV. This results in an overall zeta potential of − 11.2 ± 0.2 mV of the composite. Such polymer composites seem appropriate to bind the positively charged DENV-1 particle (+ 42.2 ± 2.8 mV). GO-MIP coated onto 10-MHz quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors indeed revealed two times sensitivity compared to sensors based on the pure MIP. Furthermore, GO-polymer composites revealed imprinting factors of up to 21, compared to 3 of the pure MIP. When plotting the sensor characteristic in a semilogarithmic way, the composite sensor shows the linear response to DENV-1 in the concentration range from 100 to 103 pfu mL−1. The corresponding limits of detection (S/N = 3) and quantification (S/N = 10) are 0.58 and 1.94 pfu mL−1, respectively. Furthermore, imprinted polymer composites selectively bind DENV-1 without significant interference: DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4, respectively, yield 13–16% of DENV-1 signal. The sensor requires only about 15–20 min to obtain a result.
Graphical abstract
Dynamics of Legionella Community Interactions in Response to Temperature and Disinfection Treatment: 7 Years of Investigation
Authors: Girolamini Luna , Salaris Silvano , Pascale Maria Rosaria , Mazzotta Marta , Cristino Sandra 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn man-made water distribution systems, Legionella community interactions remain unknown, due to their ability to change from sessile to planktonic states or live in viable but non-culturable forms, in response to anthropic and environmental stress. During 7 years of hospital Legionella surveillance, in 191 hot water positive samples, the interactions among the Legionella species, temperature, and disinfection treatment were evaluated. Legionella was isolated following ISO 11731:2017, and identification was performed by mip gene sequencing and sequence-based typing (SBT) for L. anisa or L. rubrilucens and L. pneumophila, respectively. The species with the higher frequency of isolation was L. pneumophila serogroup 1 (78.53%; 4865.36 ± 25,479.11 cfu/L), followed by L. anisa (54.45%; 558.79 ± 2637.41 cfu/L) and L. rubrilucens (21.99%; 307.73 ± 1574.95 cfu/L), which were sometimes present together. Spearman’s rho correlation test was conducted among the species with respect to temperature and disinfectant (H2O2/Ag+). The results showed a generally positive interaction among these species sharing the same environment, except for competition between L. anisa and L. rubrilucens. High temperature (48.83 ± 2.59 °C) and disinfection treatment (11.58 ± 4.99 mg/L) affected the presence of these species. An exception was observed with L. anisa, which showed disinfection treatment resistance. For the purposes of environmental surveillance, it is fundamental to better understand the interactions and dynamic of the Legionella community in man-made water systems in order to choose the proper physical or chemical treatments. The simultaneous presence of different Legionella species could result in an increased resistance to high temperature and disinfectant treatment, leading to changes in contamination level and species diversity.