bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel sensor-based method (quick test) for the in-season rapid evaluation of herbicide efficacy under real field conditions in durum wheat
Authors: Travlos Ilias , Tsekoura Anastasia , Antonopoulos Nikolaos , Kanatas Panagiotis , Gazoulis Ioannis 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOptimum herbicide use is a key factor affecting the success of any integrated weed management strategy. The main objective of the current study was to implement a method based on spectrometer measurements for the in situ evaluation of herbicide efficacy and the detection of potentially herbicide-resistant weeds. Field trials were conducted in Greece between 2018 and 2020 in several durum wheat fields (Triticum durum Desf.). In all trials, the overall effect of herbicide application on the recorded Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values (at 1 and 2 wk after treatment [WAT]) was significant (P ≤ 0.001). For the majority of the surveyed fields, low NDVI values were recorded after 2,4-D application and a mixture of clopyralid + florasulam from 1 WAT, suggesting their increased efficacy. In several cases, the application of pyroxsulam + florasulam resulted in significant NDVI reductions at 2 WAT. As observed at the end of the growing seasons, the herbicides that reduced NDVI resulted in lower weed biomass. Strong correlations were observed between weed aboveground biomass and NDVI (2 WAT). In particular, R2 values were 0.8234 to 0.8649, 0.8453, 0.8595, 0.8149, and 0.8925 for the Aliartos, Thiva, Domokos, Larissa, and Orestiada fields, respectively. The overall effects of herbicide application on wheat grain yield were also significant (P ≤ 0.001). Pot experiments confirmed that the high NDVI values in some cases could be attributed to the presence of herbicide-resistant weeds. For instance, the resistance indices of two accessions of catchweed bedstraw (Galium aparine L.) to mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium ranged between 9.7 and 13.2, whereas one sterile oat [Avena sterilis L. ssp. ludoviciana (Durieu) Gillet & Magne] accession was 8.8 times more resistant to fenoxaprop-p-ethyl than a susceptible one. The present study is targeted at making a significant contribution toward establishing cause–effect relationships and presenting a useful tool for developing more effective weed management practices in more arable crops and under different soil and climatic conditions.
Validity of the Personal Suicide Stigma Questionnaire in a Community	Sample
Authors: Rimkeviciene Jurgita , Mok Katherine , Shand Fiona , Hawgood Jacinta , O’Gorman John 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The Personal Suicide Stigma Questionnaire (PSSQ) is a new scale assessing the experience of stigma in those who have been suicidal. This study examined the construct validity of the scale using a sample of participants from the general community who reported being suicidal at some point in their lives ( N = 3,947). The Distress Questionnaire – 5 and the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale were used to assess the severity of distress and suicidality. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed a three-factor model (Rejection, Minimization, Self-Blame) with one general Personal Stigma factor influencing the three first-order factors, which best fit the data. Scalar invariance was reached for both age and gender. The same factor structure was maintained when the format of the scale was altered for a subsample to provide a “not applicable” option for each item. PSSQ total score remained a significant predictor of distress after suicidality and demographic variables were accounted for. The PSSQ and its subscales can be used for the assessment of personal suicide stigma.
You Can Play the Game Without Knowing the Rules – But	You’re Better Off Knowing Them
Authors: Levacher Julie , Koch Marco , Hissbach Johanna , Spinath Frank M. , Becker Nicolas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Due to their high item difficulties and excellent psychometric properties, construction-based figural matrices tasks are of particular interest when it comes to high-stakes testing. An important prerequisite is that test preparation – which is likely to occur in this context – does not impair test fairness or item properties. The goal of this study was to provide initial evidence concerning the influence of test preparation. We administered test items to a sample of N = 882 participants divided into two groups, but only one group was given information about the rules employed in the test items. The probability of solving the items was significantly higher in the test preparation group than in the control group ( M = 0.61, SD = 0.19 vs. M = 0.41, SD = 0.25; t(54) = 3.42, p = .001; d = .92). Nevertheless, a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis, as well as a differential item functioning analysis, indicated no differences between the item properties in the two groups. The results suggest that construction-based figural matrices are suitable in the context of high-stakes testing when all participants are provided with test preparation material so that test fairness is ensured.
Factors influencing home blood pressure monitor ownership in a large clinical trial
Authors: Anbarasan Thineskrishna , Rogers Amy , Rorie David A. , Grieve J. W. Kerr , Flynn Robert W. V. , MacDonald Thomas M. , Mackenzie Isla S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHome blood pressure monitor (HBPM) ownership prevalence and the factors that influence it are unclear. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with HBPM ownership among participants in the Treatment in Morning versus Evening (TIME) hypertension study. This study is a sub-analysis of the TIME study, a randomised trial investigating the effect of day-time versus night-time dosing of antihypertensive medication on cardiovascular outcomes in adults with hypertension. As part of the TIME study online registration process, participants were asked to indicate whether they owned an HBPM. A multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to determine factors associated with HBPM ownership. Of 21,104 randomised participants, 11,434 (54.2%) reported owning an HBPM. The mean age of all participants at enrolment was 67.7 ± 9.3 years, 12,134 (57.5%) were male, and 8892 (42.1%) reported a current or previous history of smoking. Factors associated with an increased likelihood of reporting HBPM owned include being male (OR:1.47; 95% CI 1.39–1.56) or residing in a less deprived socioeconomic region (IMD Decile 6–10) (OR:1.31; 95% CI 1.23–1.40). Participants with a history of diabetes mellitus (OR:0.74; 95% CI:0.64–0.86) or current smokers, compared to non-smokers, (OR:0.71; 95% CI:0.62–0.82) were less likely to report owning an HBPM. This study has identified important patient factors influencing HBPM ownership. Further qualitative research would be valuable to identify and explore potential patient-level barriers to engagement with self-monitoring of blood pressure.
Multiple-patterning colloidal lithography-implemented scalable manufacturing of heat-tolerant titanium nitride broadband absorbers in the visible to near-infrared
Authors: Lee Dasol , Go Myeongcheol , Kim Minkyung , Jang Junho , Choi Chungryong , Kim Jin Kon , Rho Junsuk 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBroadband perfect absorbers have been intensively researched for decades because of their near-perfect absorption optical property that can be applied to diverse applications. Unfortunately, achieving large-scale and heat-tolerant absorbers has been remained challenging work because of costly and time-consuming lithography methods and thermolability of materials, respectively. Here, we demonstrate a thermally robust titanium nitride broadband absorber with >95% absorption efficiency in the visible and near-infrared region (400–900 nm). A relatively large-scale (2.5 cm × 2.5 cm) absorber device is fabricated by using a fabrication technique of multiple-patterning colloidal lithography. The optical properties of the absorber are still maintained even after heating at the temperatures >600 ∘C. Such a large-scale, heat-tolerant, and broadband near-perfect absorber will provide further useful applications in solar thermophotovoltaics, stealth, and absorption controlling in high-temperature conditions.
TCR-like CARs and TCR-CARs targeting neoepitopes: an emerging potential
Authors: Poorebrahim Mansour , Mohammadkhani Niloufar , Mahmoudi Reza , Gholizadeh Monireh , Fakhr Elham , Cid-Arregui Angel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNeoepitopes or neoantigens are a spectrum of unique mutations presented in a particular patient’s tumor. Neoepitope-based adoptive therapies have the potential of tumor eradication without undue damaging effect on normal tissues. In this context, methods based on the T cell receptor (TCR) engineering or chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have shown great promise. This review focuses on the TCR-like CARs and TCR-CARs directed against tumor-derived epitopes, with a concerted view on neoepitopes. We also address the current limitations of the field to know how to harness the full benefits of this approach and thereby design a sustained and specific antitumor therapy.
Fiber-junction design for directional bending sensors
Authors: Li Zhundong , Hu Fengming , Chen Zhiming , Huang Jingcheng , Chen Guoning , Chen Runbo , Wei Minmin , Lao Kete , Hu Jiajia , Zheng Jintao , Wang Lvfei , Yao Yuan , Hu Xiaoyan , Liang Baowen , Yang Min , Lu Xihong , Wen Jinxiu , Luo Jianyi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFlexible sensors in wearable electronics have become increasingly multifunctional due to the development of materials synthesis and structure design. In particular, structural design can not only add capabilities to sensors fabricated from existing available and normal materials, but also offer opportunities for the fabrication of sensors with certain desired functions. Here, we designed a series of fiber-junction structure models, in which two fibers were simply hooked to each other to form a junction on a flexible printed circuit, for fabrication of directional bending sensors. The value and direction of bending angle are related to the change in electronic signal by a theoretical expression, allowing us to employ a simple and practicable method to use available conductive fiber materials to fabricate high-sensitivity, high-resolution and directional bending sensors. In addition, these models are generally applicable, which have broad combination with different conductive fiber, and corresponding bending sensors all possess capability of directional identification. Furthermore, the capability of identifying directional bending was demonstrated by human motion monitoring such as joint bending and muscle contraction.
Mixed-cation driven magnetic interaction of interstitial electrons for ferrimagnetic two-dimensional electride
Authors: Lee Seung Yong , Bang Joonho , Song Hyun Yong , Il Yoo Byung , Kim Yeongkwan , Lee Kimoon , Thapa Dinesh , Kim Seong-Gon , Kim Sung Wng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMagnetism of pure electrons is fundamental for understanding diverse magnetic phenomena in condensed matters but has not been fully investigated in experiments due to the lack of a tractable model system. Such an exotic material necessitates an exclusive magnetic interaction of electrons being devoid of orbital and lattice degrees of freedom. Here, we report the two-dimensional mixed-cation [YGdC]2+∙2e− electride, showing ferrimagnetic nature from the direct exchange interaction of magnetic interstitial electrons in interlayer space. We identify that magnetic interstitial electrons are periodically localized in octahedral and tetrahedral cavities between 2D cationic Y2−xGdx arrays. The mixed configuration of non-magnetic and magnetic cations in cavities induces divergent spin states and interactions of magnetic interstitial electrons, in which their direct exchange interaction overwhelms the interactions with magnetic cations, triggering the ferrimagnetic spin-alignment. This discovery facilitates further exploration of magnetic electrides and nurtures the study of two-dimensional magnetism of layered crystals and electron phases.
Formation of contractile 3D bovine muscle tissue for construction of millimetre-thick cultured steak
Authors: Furuhashi Mai , Morimoto Yuya , Shima Ai , Nakamura Futoshi , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Takeuchi Shoji 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOwing to the increase in the global demand of meat, cultured meat technology is being developed to circumvent a shortage of meat in the future. However, methods for construction of millimetre-thick bovine muscle tissues with highly aligned myotubes have not yet been established. Here, we propose a culture method for constructing 3D-cultured bovine muscle tissue containing myotubes aligned along its long-axial direction, which contracted in response to electrical stimulation. First, we optimised the composition of biomaterials used in the construction and the electrical stimulation applied to the tissue during culture. Subsequently, we fabricated millimetre-thick bovine muscle tissues containing highly aligned myotubes by accumulating bovine myoblast-laden hydrogel modules. The microbial content of the bovine muscle tissue cultured for 14 days was below the detection limit, indicating that the muscle tissues were sterile, unlike commercial meat. Therefore, the proposed construction method for bovine muscle tissues will be useful for the production of clean cultured steak meat simulating real meat.
ChAdOx1-vectored Lassa fever vaccine elicits a robust cellular and humoral immune response and protects guinea pigs against lethal Lassa virus challenge
Authors: Fischer Robert J. , Purushotham Jyothi N. , van Doremalen Neeltje , Sebastian Sarah , Meade-White Kimberly , Cordova Kathleen , Letko Michael , Jeremiah Matson M. , Feldmann Friederike , Haddock Elaine , LaCasse Rachel , Saturday Greg , Lambe Teresa , Gilbert Sarah C. , Munster Vincent J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLassa virus (LASV) infects hundreds of thousands of individuals each year, highlighting the need for the accelerated development of preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic interventions. To date, no vaccine has been licensed for LASV. ChAdOx1-Lassa-GPC is a chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine encoding the Josiah strain LASV glycoprotein precursor (GPC) gene. In the following study, we show that ChAdOx1-Lassa-GPC is immunogenic, inducing robust T-cell and antibody responses in mice. Furthermore, a single dose of ChAdOx1-Lassa-GPC fully protects Hartley guinea pigs against morbidity and mortality following lethal challenge with a guinea pig-adapted LASV (strain Josiah). By contrast, control vaccinated animals reached euthanasia criteria 10–12 days after infection. Limited amounts of LASV RNA were detected in the tissues of vaccinated animals. Viable LASV was detected in only one animal receiving a single dose of the vaccine. A prime-boost regimen of ChAdOx1-Lassa-GPC in guinea pigs significantly increased antigen-specific antibody titers and cleared viable LASV from the tissues. These data support further development of ChAdOx1-Lassa-GPC and testing in non-human primate models of infection.
Occupational and environmental risk factors of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analyses
Authors: Park Yeonkyung , Ahn Chiwon , Kim Tae-Hyung 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial lung disease of unknown cause. It has a high risk of rapid progression and mortality. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the risk factor of IPF. We searched Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane library from the earliest record to March, 2020. Case–control studies on occupational and environmental risk factors or on jobs with a risk of IPF were searched for. From 2490 relevant records, 12 studies were included. Any occupational or environmental exposure to metal dust (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.15–2.91, I2 = 54%), wood dust (OR 1.62 5% CI 1.04–2.53, I2 = 5%) and pesticide (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.24–3.45, I2 = 0%) were associated with an increased risk of IPF. Farming or agricultural work (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.17–3.04, I2 = 67%) was also associated with an increased risk of IPF. Moreover, smoking increased IPF risk with an odds ratio of 1.39 (95% CI 1.01–1.91, I2 = 29%). In conclusion, metal dust, wood dust, pesticide, occupational history of farming or agriculture and ever smoking increased the risk of IPF.
In silico screening and analysis of nonsynonymous SNPs in human CYP1A2 to assess possible associations with pathogenicity and cancer susceptibility
Authors: Navapour Leila , Mogharrab Navid 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) is one of the main hepatic CYPs involved in metabolism of carcinogens and clinically used drugs. Nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) of this enzyme could affect cancer susceptibility and drug efficiency. Hence, identification of human CYP1A2 pathogenic nsSNPs could be of great importance in personalized medicine and pharmacogenetics. Here, 176 nsSNPs of human CYP1A2 were evaluated using a variety of computational tools, of which 18 nsSNPs were found to be associated with pathogenicity. Further analysis suggested possible association of 9 nsSNPs (G73R, G73W, R108Q, R108W, E168K, E346K, R431W, F432S and R456H) with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed higher overall flexibility, decreased intramolecular hydrogen bonds and lower content of regular secondary structures for both cancer driver variants G73W and F432S when compared to the wild-type structure. In case of F432S, loss of the conserved hydrogen bond between Arg137 and heme propionate oxygen may affect heme stability and the observed significant rise in fluctuation of the CD loop could modify CYP1A2 interactions with its redox partners. Together, these findings propose CYP1A2 as a possible candidate for hepatocellular carcinoma and provide structural insights into how cancer driver nsSNPs could affect protein structure, heme stability and interaction network.
MAPRE2 mutations result in altered human cranial neural crest migration, underlying craniofacial malformations in CSC-KT syndrome
Authors: Thues Cedric , Valadas Jorge S. , Deaulmerie Liesbeth , Geens Ann , Chouhan Amit K. , Duran-Romaña Ramon , Schymkowitz Joost , Rousseau Frederic , Bartusel Michaela , Rehimi Rizwan , Rada-Iglesias Alvaro , Verstreken Patrik , Van Esch Hilde 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCircumferential skin creases (CSC-KT) is a rare polymalformative syndrome characterised by intellectual disability associated with skin creases on the limbs, and very characteristic craniofacial malformations. Previously, heterozygous and homozygous mutations in MAPRE2 were found to be causal for this disease. MAPRE2 encodes for a member of evolutionary conserved microtubule plus end tracking proteins, the end binding (EB) family. Unlike MAPRE1 and MAPRE3, MAPRE2 is not required for the persistent growth and stabilization of microtubules, but plays a role in other cellular processes such as mitotic progression and regulation of cell adhesion. The mutations identified in MAPRE2 all reside within the calponin homology domain, responsible to track and interact with the plus-end tip of growing microtubules, and previous data showed that altered dosage of MAPRE2 resulted in abnormal branchial arch patterning in zebrafish. In this study, we developed patient derived induced pluripotent stem cell lines for MAPRE2, together with isogenic controls, using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and differentiated them towards neural crest cells with cranial identity. We show that changes in MAPRE2 lead to alterations in neural crest migration in vitro but also in vivo, following xenotransplantation of neural crest progenitors into developing chicken embryos. In addition, we provide evidence that changes in focal adhesion might underlie the altered cell motility of the MAPRE2 mutant cranial neural crest cells. Our data provide evidence that MAPRE2 is involved in cellular migration of cranial neural crest and offers critical insights into the mechanism underlying the craniofacial dysmorphisms and cleft palate present in CSC-KT patients. This adds the CSC-KT disorder to the growing list of neurocristopathies.
The interplay of labile organic carbon, enzyme activities and microbial communities of two forest soils across seasons
Authors: Xu Chen-yang , Du Can , Jian Jin-shi , Hou Lin , Wang Zhi-kang , Wang Qiang , Geng Zeng-chao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSoil labile organic carbon (LOC) responds rapidly to environmental changes and plays an important role in carbon cycle. In this study, the seasonal fluctuations in LOC, the activities of carbon-cycle related enzymes, and the bacterial and fungal communities were analyzed for soils collected from two forests, namely Betula albosinensis (Ba) and Picea asperata Mast. (Pa), in the Qinling Mountains of China. Results revealed that the seasonal average contents of microbial biomass carbon (MBC), easily oxidized organic carbon (EOC), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of Pa forest soil were 13.5%, 30.0% and 15.7% less than those in Ba soil. The seasonal average enzyme activities of β-1,4-glucosidase (βG), and β-1,4-xylosidase (βX) of Ba forest soils were 30.0% and 32.3% higher than those of Pa soil while the enzyme activity of cellobiohydrolase (CBH) was 19.7% lower. Furthermore, the relative abundance of Acidobacteria was significantly higher in summer than in winter, whereas the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was higher in winter. Regarding the fungal communities, the relative abundance of Basidiomycota was lowest in winter, whereas Ascomycota predominated in the same season. In addition, the soil LOC was significantly positively correlated with the CBH, βG and βX activities. Changes in LOC were significantly correlated with Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Basidiomycota. We conclude that the seasonal fluctuations in forest soil LOC fractions relied on carbon cycle-associated enzymatic activities and microorganisms, which in turn were affected by climatic conditions.
Machine learning-based prediction model using clinico-pathologic factors for papillary thyroid carcinoma recurrence
Authors: Park Young Min , Lee Byung-Joo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study analyzed the prognostic significance of clinico-pathologic factors, including the number of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) and lymph node ratio (LNR), in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and attempted to construct a disease recurrence prediction model using machine learning techniques. We retrospectively analyzed clinico-pathologic data from 1040 patients diagnosed with PTC between 2003 and 2009. We analyzed clinico-pathologic factors related to recurrence through logistic regression analysis. Among the factors that we included, only sex and tumor size were significantly correlated with disease recurrence. Parameters such as age, sex, tumor size, tumor multiplicity, ETE, ENE, pT, pN, ipsilateral central LN metastasis, contralateral central LNs metastasis, number of metastatic LNs, and LNR were input for construction of a machine learning prediction model. The performance of five machine learning models related to recurrence prediction was compared based on accuracy. The Decision Tree model showed the best accuracy at 95%, and the lightGBM and stacking model together showed 93% accuracy. Among those factors mentioned above, LNR and contralateral LN metastasis were used as important features in all machine learning prediction models. We confirmed that all machine learning prediction models showed an accuracy of 90% or more for predicting disease recurrence in PTC. LNR and contralateral LN metastasis were used as important features for constructing a robust machine learning prediction model. In the future, we have a plan to perform large-scale multicenter clinical studies to improve the performance of our prediction models and verify their clinical effectiveness.