bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Questões chaves da noção jurídica do direito à cidade
Authors: Júnior Nelson Saule , Libório Daniela Campos 
Published: September 2021

O estudo realizado propõe analisar a noção jurídica do direito à cidade que precisa ser melhor desenvolvida e consolidada, no campo do direito em especial do direito urbanístico. Para essa análise são considerados os marcos referenciais dos direitos humanos no plano internacional, as normas constitucionais sobre a política urbana e o tratamento do Estatuto das Cidades. Para o desenvolvimento dessa noção é feita uma abordagem sobre o significado terminológico de cidades sustentáveis, e o de cidades (especialmente na sua dimensão territorial) que integram a definição do direito à cidade no Estatuto das Cidades. A questão da titularidade do direito à cidade é considerada como primordial para a compreensão da noção jurídica desse direito;, bem como sobre o bem jurídico que deve ser objeto de proteção, com base no entendimento da cidade como um bem comum cujos componentes para essa qualificação são: a cidade: livre de qualquer forma de discriminação; com cidadania inclusiva ;com maior participação política ; que cumpre as suas funções sociais; com espaços públicos de qualidade ; com igualdade de gênero ; com diversidade cultural, com economias inclusivas, como um sistema de assentamento e ecossistema comum.
Introduction
Authors: Watt Paul 
Published: September 2021

The Introduction outlines the book’s rationale, research questions, methodology and theoretical frameworks within the context of London’s housing crisis and growing inequality. This context is encapsulated by the street homeless bedding down near citadels of private wealth in the form of luxury apartment blocks – many of which are half-empty – which cater for the global super-rich and are central to London’s property development. It is this juxtaposition – zero domestic space for those who desperately need it, but an overabundance of such space for those who don’t need or even want it – which lies at the cruel heart of London’s housing crisis. Other dimensions of this crisis include housing deprivation (e.g. overcrowding) and dispossession (e.g. evictions), both of which negatively impact upon London’s multi-ethnic working-class population. The chapter examines the highly controversial role played by estate demolition in relation to the housing crisis. The Introduction discusses critical urbanism, Bourdieusian sociology, verstehen sociology, and the sociology and geography of place. Place is examined in terms of attachment, images and myths, and also elective belonging (Savage) and selective belonging (Watt). Other central concepts include home and un-homing, neighbourhood and community, working class (Allen), values (Skeggs), marginalisation (Wacquant), gentrification, expulsions (Sassen) and displacement.
Simplified digital coherent-based beyond-100G optical access systems for B5G/6G [Invited]
Authors: Suzuki Naoki , Miura Hiroshi , Mochizuki Keita , Matsuda Keisuke 
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we review the latest progress in the simplified digital coherent technologies suitable for future beyond-100G optical access systems, which will be a key optical transport platform for meeting the very wide range of extreme requirements of beyond-5G (B5G) and 6G users. As the centerpiece of beyond-100G optical access systems, the technical challenges and recent demonstrations of ultimate-capacity passive optical network systems carrying more than 100 Gb/s per wavelength by using simplified digital coherent technologies incorporating low-complexity digital signal processing (DSP) are presented. In addition, to facilitate the implementation of these relatively large-scale digital coherent technologies in the optical access area, which has strict cost, power consumption, and size restraints, the rapid progress in compact optical transceiver form factors and optical devices heading toward 400 Gb/s-based Ethernet transceivers for the 80 km range (400G-ZR) and over 800 Gb/s short-reach applications based on the digital coherent technologies are also discussed. Furthermore, the recent expansion of simplified digital coherent-based optical access systems such as optical space communications and their latest experimental demonstrations are introduced as an alternative evolution of beyond-100G optical access systems, going hand in hand with the reduction of complexity of the real-life digital coherent platforms such as the DSP large-scale integration and the large-scale field programmable gate arrays.
Sensitivity enhancement of a fiber plasmonic sensor based on rolled-up Ag/TiO2 hyperbolic metamaterials
Authors: Li Jun , Li Hao , Zhao Yujia , Jiang Peizhen , Liu Jiaxin , Xu Mingjing , Zhou Ai 
Published: September 2021

A novel, to the best of our knowledge, optical fiber plasmonic sensor based on a tapered coreless fiber (TCF) coating with rolled-up hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) is proposed and theoretically studied. The HMMs are composed mainly of

A
g

/

T
i
O

2

multi-layer composite materials. We can effectively control the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) wavelengths by adjusting the ratio of metal in two-layer (

R

), the number (

N

), and thickness (

T

) of two-layer on the HMMs. Spectral quality can be improved by changing the core diameter of TCF. According to the effective medium theory and finite element method, HMMs of

R
=

0.3

,

T
=

30

n
m

,

N
=

3

, and

D
=

20

µ

m

can provide an average sensitivity of 9127.86 nm/RIU (refractive index unit) in an external refractive index (ERI) of 1.33–1.40 and have a depth of SPR dip figure of merit of

65.32

R
I
U

−
1

, which is an order of magnitude higher than 50 nm silver, for an ERI of 1.34–1.35. Also, the optical fiber plasmonic sensor integrated with roll-up HMMs shows performance superior to normal HMMs, thus providing certain guidance for future research.
Design of high extinction ratio, low loss, and compact optical modulators and switches based on GST phase change material
Authors: Mahmoodi Ali , Miri Mehdi , Sheikhi Mohammad Hossein , Pouyan Sohrab Mohammadi 
Published: September 2021

In this paper, an electrically driven optical modulator and switch based on micro-ring resonators using the phase change material (PCM) of

G
e

2

S
b

2

T
e

5

(GST) is designed and their optical properties are investigated. The change in refractive index between two states in PCMs is orders of magnitude larger than conventional electro-optic and free-carrier dispersion effects. These extraordinary variations make PCMs excellent candidates for optical active devices such as modulators and switches. In our design, GST is used as the active material because it is far more stable and results in lower insertion loss compared to other PCMs such as vanadium dioxide (

V
O

2

) (at

λ
=

1.55

µ

m

, the imaginary part of the refractive index is 1.49 for GST and 2.53 for

V
O

2

is their metallic phases). By optimizing the GST dimensions, the device figure of merit is maximized. Three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations show a very high extinction ratio of 37.3 dB with a low insertion loss of 0.427 dB for the proposed modulator and high extinction ratios of 19 dB and 10 dB in off and on states and insertion losses of 1.52 dB and 2.02 dB in off and on states, respectively, of the proposed

1

×

2

switch.
Extended infrared responses in Er/O-hyperdoped Si at room temperature
Authors: Zhang Kun , He Jiajing , He Ting , Li Qing , Peng Meng , Guo Jiaxiang , Zhang Tao , Wang Xiaoming , Wen Huimin , Zhu He , Li Ning , Wang Peng , Dan Yaping , Hu Weida 
Published: September 2021

Silicon photonics has become the preferred candidate for technologies applicable to multifarious fields. However, the applications are strictly limited by the intrinsic in-band photo effect of silicon. Herein, near-infrared photodetectors that break through the silicon bandgap by Er/O hyperdoping are fabricated, potentially extending their applications into telecommunications, low-light-level night vision, medical treatment, and others. Er/O-hyperdoped silicon was achieved as an infrared light absorption layer through ion implantation. The lattice damage caused by ion implantation was repaired by a deep cooling process in which high-temperature samples were cooled by helium flushing cooled by liquid nitrogen. Traditional junction and metallization processes were performed to form a photodiode. We demonstrate that the device has a spectral range up to the wavelength of 1568 nm, a maximum responsivity of 165 µA/W at 1310 nm, and 3 dB cutoff bandwidth up to 3 kHz. Finally, temperature-dependent optical-electrical characteristics were measured to demonstrate the activation mechanism of Er/O in silicon. This Letter proves silicon’s potential in realizing extended infrared detection at room temperature, and it provides a possible way to fabricate infrared optoelectronics and signal processing integrated chips on a CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) platform.
Opioid-free anesthesia compared to opioid anesthesia for lung cancer patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: A randomized controlled study
Authors: An Guangquan , Zhang Yiwen , Chen Nuoya , Fu Jianfeng , Zhao Bingsha , Zhao Xuelian 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundReducing intra-operative opioid consumption benefits patients by decreasing postoperative opioid-related adverse events. We assessed whether opioid-free anesthesia would provide effective analgesia-antinociception monitored by analgesia index in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.MethodsPatients (ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ, 18–65 years old, BMI <30 kg m−2) scheduled to undergo video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery under general anesthesia were randomly allocated into two groups to receive opioid-free anesthesia (group OFA) with dexmedetomidine, sevoflurane plus thoracic paravertebral blockade or opioid-based anesthesia (group OA) with remifentanil, sevoflurane, and thoracic paravertebral blockade. The primary outcome variable was pain intensity during the operation, assessed by the depth of analgesia using the pain threshold index with the multifunction combination monitor HXD‑I. Secondary outcomes included depth of sedation monitoring by wavelet index and blood glucose concentration achieved from blood gas.ResultsOne hundred patients were randomized; 3 patients were excluded due to discontinued intervention and 97 included in the final analysis. Intraoperative pain threshold index readings were not significantly different between group OFA and group OA from arriving operation room to extubation (P= 0.86), while the brain wavelet index readings in group OFA were notably lower than those in group OA from before general anesthesia induction to recovery of double lungs ventilation (P<0.001). After beginning of operation, the blood glucose levels in group OFA increased compared with baseline blood glucose values (P< 0.001). The recovery time and extubation time in group OFA were significantly longer than those in group OA (P<0.007).ConclusionsThis study suggested that our OFA regimen achieved equally effective intraoperative pain threshold index compared to OA in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Depth of sedation was significantly deeper and blood glucose levels were higher with OFA. Study’s limitations and strict inclusion criteria may limit the external validity of the study, suggesting the need of further randomized trials on the topic.Trial registration:ChiCTR1800019479, Title: "Opioid-free anesthesia in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy".
Repurposing FIB-4 index as a predictor of mortality in patients with hematological malignancies and COVID-19
Authors: Sutandyo Noorwati , Kurniawati Sri Agustini , Jayusman Achmad Mulawarman , Syafiyah Anisa Hana , Pranata Raymond , Hanafi Arif Riswahyudi 
Published: September 2021

Background
In this study, we aimed to investigate whether FIB-4 index is useful in predicting mortality in patients with concurrent hematological malignancies and COVID-19. We also aimed to determine the optimal cut-off point for the prediction.

Methods
This is a single-center retrospective cohort study conducted in Dharmais National Cancer Hospital, Indonesia. Consecutive sampling of adults with hematological malignancies and COVID-19 was performed between May 2020 and January 2021. COVID-19 screening test using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of nasopharyngeal samples were performed prior to hospitalization for chemotherapy. FIB-4 index is derived from [age (years) × AST (IU/L)]/[platelet count (109/L) × √ALT (U/L)]. The primary outcome of this study is mortality, defined as clinically validated death/non-survivor during a 3-months (90 days) follow-up.

Results
There were a total of 70 patients with hematological malignancies and COVID-19 in this study. Median FIB-4 Index was higher in non-survivors (13.1 vs 1.02, p<0.001). FIB-4 index above 3.85 has a sensitivity of 79%, specificity of 84%, PLR of 5.27, and NLR of 0.32. The AUC was 0.849 95% CI 0.735–0.962, p<0.001. This cut-off point was associated with OR of 16.70 95% CI 4.07–66.67, p<0.001. In this study, a FIB-4 >3.85 confers to 80% posterior probability of mortality and FIB-4 <3.85 to 19% probability. FIB-4 >3.85 was associated with shorter time-to-mortality (HR 9.10 95% CI 2.99–27.65, p<0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that FIB-4 >3.85 (HR 4.09 95% CI 1.32–12.70, p = 0.015) and CRP> 71.57 mg/L (HR 3.36 95% CI 1.08–10.50, p = 0.037) were independently associated with shorter time-to-mortality.

Conclusion
This study indicates that a FIB-4 index >3.85 was independent predictor of mortality in patients with hematological malignancies and COVID-19 infection.
COVID-19 pandemic restrictions continuously impact on physical activity in adults with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Radtke Thomas , Haile Sarah R. , Dressel Holger , Benden Christian 
Published: September 2021

Background
We have recently reported reduced physical activity (PA) in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) with and without lung transplantation (LTX) during a 6-week stringent lockdown in Switzerland. This follow-up study explores the impact of coronavirus-2019 disease (COVID-19) related pandemic restrictions on individuals’ therapy regimens and health-related aspects in pwCF.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional web-based national survey in Spring 2021. The survey included questions on daily PA, airway clearance and inhalation therapy, questions on COVID-19-compatible symptoms, diagnostic tests and vaccination status, and enquired health-related aspects covering the pandemic period between March 2020 to April 2021.

Results
193 individuals with CF (53% female; 25% LTX recipients) participated. Among pwCF, 10 reported COVID-19 (n = 2 LTX recipients), two subjects were hospitalized, no invasive ventilation required, no deaths. The clinical course was generally mild. Overall, 46% reported less PA during the pandemic, mostly due to closed fitness facilities (85%), lack of motivation (34%), and changes in daily structures (21%). In contrast, 32/193 (17%) pwCF were able to increase their PA levels: 12 (38%) and 11 (34%) reported undertaking home-based training and outdoor activities more frequently; 6 (19%) reported an increase in routine PA, and another 3 (9%) started new activities. Among pwCF without LTX, 5% and 4% reported to undertake less airway clearance and inhalation therapy, respectively.

Conclusions
Our study reveals unfavorable consequences of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on PA of pwCF with unknown long-term consequences for their overall physical fitness and lung health. Strategies to overcome this undesirable situation are needed; increased uptake of telehealth PA programs and virtual exercise classes to promote PA participation might be one promising approach along with vaccination of pwCF and their close contacts.
Microstructural evolution of an Al–Mg–Si–Mn– Fe alloy due to Ti and P addition
Authors: Warmuzek Małgorzata , Polkowska Adelajda , Boyko Viktoria , Czekaj Edward , Mikhalenkov Konstantin , Saja Krzysztof 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the results of research on material and microstructural effects in a hypoutectic Al–Mg– Si–Mn–Fe alloy, modified by the addition of Ti and Ti + P, in two series of castings, gravity and pressure. It has been found that the use of high pressure die casting technology allows for significant improvement of mechanical properties, especially tensile strength and plasticity of the examined alloy. On the other hand, the addition of Ti and Ti + P caused different material effects. In gravity castings, the addition of Ti and Ti + P caused a decrease in strength and plasticity, while in high-pressure castings, an increase in the values of these parameters was observed. The microstructural effects related to the foundry technology and those caused by Ti and P additions were revealed, such as differences in the phase composition of the interdendritic eutectics and in the morphology and dispersion of their phase constituents: Mg2Si and α-Al(Fe,Mn)Si.
Queering Bodies: “Becoming-unrecognisable” in Wong Kar-Wai’s Happy Together
Authors: Sim Jiaying 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper is interested in the cinematic apparatus’s potential to produce affect which defamiliarises the visible presence of star-bodies in Wong Kar-wai’s Happy Together (chunguang zhaxie, 1997), thus invoking non-normative and new modes of thinking about queer identification and representation. By close reading the mise-en-scène of the two Iguazu falls sequences, the on-screen star bodies of Tony Leung and Leslie Cheung are defamiliarized when they produce Gilles Deleuze’s affect and “become-unrecognisable” as on-screen subjects. Through this, the encounters with the Iguazu Falls allow us to queer heteronormative and linear narrative time that is associated with (a movement towards) futurity. This inability to pass judgement, I argue, is the ethics of sexual desire which Happy Together proffers when we understand the body that queers and becomes unrecognisable through productive affective assemblages. Instead, we move through the transsensorial potentials for the cinematic assemblage to rethink modes of queering normativity and to redefine bodies in terms of plurality and multiplicity. To that end, this paper presents a new way of thinking about how film stars, familiar tourist spots and even a classic text like Happy Together may be defamiliarized through productions of affects, new-sensations, to provide more ways of revisiting and regarding the film anew.
What the Trade Pioneers Missed: Money
Authors: James Aaron 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Matias Risse and Gabriel Wollner’s On Trade Justice largely neglects the role of money and central banking in ‘trade fairness.’ This article rehearses why J. M. Keynes thought money and global central banking matters for national capacity, and suggests that this helps answer Risse and Wollner’s chief objection to Aaron James’s Fairness in Practice.
Lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins and psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency room visits in US Veterans with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Postolache Teodor T. , Medoff Deborah R. , Brown Clayton H. , Fang Li Juan , Upadhyaya Sanjaya K. , Lowry Christopher A. , Miller Michael , Kreyenbuhl Julie A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective
Psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits are costly, stigmatizing, and often ineffective. Given the immune and kynurenine activation in bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia, as well as the immune-modulatory effects of statins, we aimed to compare the relative risk (RRs) of psychiatric hospitalizations and ED visits between individuals prescribed lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins vs. no statins. We hypothesized (a) reduced rates of hospitalization and ER utilization with statins versus no statins and (b) differences in outcomes between statins, as lipophilia increases the capability to penetrate the blood–brain barrier with potentially beneficial neuroimmune, antioxidant, neuroprotective, neurotrophic, and endothelial stabilizing effects, and, in contrast, potentially detrimental decreases in brain cholesterol concentrations leading to serotoninergic dysfunction, changes in membrane lipid composition, thus affecting ion channels and receptors.

Methods
We used VA service utilization data from October 1, 2010 to September 30, 2015. The RRs for psychiatric hospitalization and ED visits, were estimated using robust Poisson regression analyses. The number of individuals analyzed was 683,129.

Results
Individuals with schizophrenia and BD who received prescriptions for either lipophilic or hydrophilic statins had a lower RR of psychiatric hospitalization or ED visits relative to nonstatin controls. Hydrophilic statins were significantly associated with lower RRs of psychiatric hospitalization but not of ED visits, compared to lipophilic statins.

Conclusion
The reduction in psychiatric hospitalizations in statin users (vs. nonusers) should be interpreted cautiously, as it carries a high risk of confounding by indication. While the lower RR of psychiatric hospitalizations in hydrophilic statins relative to the lipophilic statins is relatively bias free, the finding bears replication in a specifically designed study. If replicated, important clinical implications for personalizing statin treatment in patients with mental illness, investigating add-on statins for improved therapeutic control, and mechanistic exploration for identifying new treatment targets are natural next steps.
Reconstrucción protorromance desde la fonética: problemas metodológicos y propuestas cronológicas
Authors: Vallejo José M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The main goal of this paper is to establish an ordered timeline of the phonetic shifts that oral Latin experienced since the split of Sardinian up to the disintegration of the western family; at the same time, some methodological problems about the graphic representation of the relations among languages are discussed. Consequently, we propose a division of the branches of the Romance family and outline the phonological systems that characterized each group.
Modeling of Supplemental Bar-Mounted Fiber Optic Strain Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring Applications
Authors: Rahmatian Arash , Saleem Hussam , Bagchi Ashutosh , Nokken Michelle , Galal Khaled 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Fiber optic sensors have been increasingly utilized in structural health monitoring of large-scale civil structures. Bare fiber sensors are quite brittle, and therefore, their installation and embedment in reinforced concrete elements can be challenging, particularly when using uncommon materials as internal reinforcements in concrete. In the present study, a fiber optic strain sensor is preinstalled on a supplemental bar of adequate length and appropriate diameter. The sensor is attached to a glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcing bar in concrete flexural element. Performance under static-loading conditions has been evaluated, and the results have shown potential toward applying the technique to large-scale structures. Another objective of the present study is to develop a numerical model that represents the interaction between the concrete, the reinforcement steel, and the supplemental GFRP rebar, which has the sensor mounted on. The model is calibrated using experimental results. The model can be used to investigate varying parameters including material properties (e.g., compressive strength of concrete), geometrical data (e.g., the length of the supplemental rebar), and loading and boundary conditions, consequently eliminating the need to perform a large number of full-scale costly experiments. The developed model exhibited nearly identical behavior to the experiments after calibration. The study shows that the performance of the present sensing system is primarily affected by the relative sizes of the main and supplemental bars.