bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective study of the factors affecting access to equitable surgical care in the Southern Province of Rwanda
Authors: Kiswezi Ahmed , Munyaneza Robert , Karenzi David , Inyange Sylvie 
Published: April 2021

Background: Access to equitable surgical care significantly reduces morbidity and mortality from traumatic injuries, abdominal, extra-abdominal, acquired and congenital conditions. In Rwanda, like many other developing countries, there are is a wide range of factors affecting access to surgical care across the different levels of health care delivery. The main objective of this study was to document the factors affecting access to surgical care in the Southern Province of Rwanda. Methods: This prospective observational study randomly selected 5 of the 11 district hospitals in the province. The other health unit included was the regional referral hospital for the province, Butare (CHUB). The variables tested included surgical capacity, timeliness, safety, and affordability, for all the included health units in the province. The lists of elective surgical patients, compared with the lists of operated patients over a period of six months, were used to indicate the performance and outputs to surgical access for the various health units in this study. In addition, 5 patient interviews were conducted at each health unit, from patients who were randomly selected, from both the surgical outpatients and the surgical wards. They were questioned regarding their views to surgical care access. Percentages were used to indicate the extent of the challenges to surgical access. Results: The lack of adequate surgical staff was the commonest challenge to surgical access (75% for the district hospitals, and10% for the regional referral hospital) identified. At the regional referral hospital (CHUB), limited operating theatre space was a challenge in 50% of the cases. This was followed by the limited number of specialists and sub-specialties rated at 10%, and limited anesthetic plus ICU facilities rated at 10%. The other challenge was the issue of affordability for the consumables required, rated at 10% The average surgical output and the pending (representing unmet need), calculated from the elective waiting lists for a period of 6 months, indicated that the number of operated patients were rated at 75 %, and an unmet need of surgical access of 25% for CHUB; while for the district hospitals it was 63% with an unmet need of 37%. The patients’ views also pointed at challenges of limited surgical services at the district hospital (70%), and affordability (30%). Conclusions: Access to surgical care in the Southern Province of Rwanda was affected by the limited number of specialists and doctors with the minimum skills to carry out non-specialized operations at the district hospitals, the limited operating theatre facilities, limited sub-specialist services, and specialized investigations. Keywords: surgical care; access; challenges; capacity; safety; affordability; timing
Artistic Activism in Nigeria Art: A Course, a Cause
Authors: Otu J , Oladesu J , Sani BS 
Published: April 2021

This paper saliently criticizes the thrust of a large number of visual arts of painting and sculpture produced in Nigeria. It is important to note that though some of the artists mentioned in this study make political cartoons that subversively quiz the nation’s politicians and appointees, such artists instead attempts at pleasing their patrons. However, the body of works produced to challenge governance that are equally bought continue to decrease. This article attempts at revealing an insensitivity relying on Chinua Achebe’s assertion on art practice of various platforms that leaves man with his throes without open rebuke.
Lesson Study in Matematics: Means, Aims and Obstacles
Authors: Winsløw Carl 
Published: April 2021

This paper, reflecting my talk at the XIIth summer workshop in mathematics, has three related aims: (1) to give a concise introduction to the phenomenon called "Lesson Study", particularly in mathematics, based on a selection of scientific literature and the authors' experience (mainly from Japan and Denmark); (2) to discuss the potentials of lesson study and some of the obstacles which the activity has met when transferred to schools outside of Japan; (3) to introduce and briefly discuss a research question which has been latent in research on Lesson Study since the late 1990's, and that is currently being addressed in the framework of the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic.
Factors determining the efficacy of radiotherapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Stolyarova O. Y. , Paliy M. I. , Dumansky Y. V. , Synyachenko O. V. , Yermolayeva M. V. 
Published: April 2021

Background. Prostate cancer (PC) ranks first in the structure of oncological pathology in men, being the second leading cause of cancer death and having 30 % as the five-year survival rate. Radiation therapy (RT) for prostate cancer has great potential for enhancement.
Purpose – to evaluate the efficacy of RT in patients with prostate cancer and highlight the clinical and laboratory factors determining it.
Materials and methods. The study enrolled 195 men with prostate cancer aged 52 to 82 years. The duration from the moment of diagnosis of the disease averaged 3 years. The Gleason score parameters were 6 points on average, the ratio of peripheral to central tumor form was 3:1, adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in 94 % of cases, giant cell carcinoma – in 6 %.
Results. On average, recurring neoplasm is observed in 40 % of the patients with prostate cancer 2.5 years after radical prostatectomy combined with different methods of radiation therapy, which is associated with the initial indicators of the Gleason score, shape, localization and expansion of the tumor process, the presence of comorbid papillary carcinoma of the urinary bladder, metastases in the lymph nodes, distant viscera and the skeleton, while the power and direction of radiation exposure influence such radiotherapy complications as dermatitis, polyneuropathy, acute vascular insufficiency and tubulointerstitial nephritis.
Conclusions. Developing the medical technology for RT in patients with prostate cancer to reduce the effect of prognostically unfavorable treatment factors is essential.
Marketing Social – A Estratégia De Mudança Do Comportamento Social
Authors: Morcerf Sônia De Oliveira , Seabra Teresa Cristina 
Published: April 2021

Ao longo dos anos, o marketing vem sofrendo inúmeras adaptações para se adequar àsmudanças no cenário mundial e, desse modo, vem agregando novos recursos e fundamentos. Assim, é hoje um conjunto de conhecimentos essencial para profissionais das mais diversas áreas e interessa a todos que precisam promover bens, serviços, propriedades, pessoas, lugares, eventos, informações, idéias ou organizações.Atualmente o marketing recebe vários adjetivos: cultural, ambiental, esportivo, social, entreoutros. Neste trabalho focamos o Marketing Social, buscando conhecer os conceitos, definições e as várias aplicações que vêm sendo dadas no cenário brasileiro e como se relaciona com a Responsabilidade Social Empresarial. Procuramos entender um pouco melhor qual é o papel do Marketing Social, ressaltando tratar-se de uma estratégia de mudança comportamental na sociedade. O trabalho buscou também distinguir o Marketing Social da Responsabilidade Social das Empresas.
A CBCT based evaluation of root proximity of maxillary posterior teeth to sinus floor in a subset of Pakistani population
Authors: Momina Anis Motiwala  , Aysha Arif  , Robia Ghafoor  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the vertical relationship of the roots of maxillary posterior teeth with maxillary sinus floorand its association with age, gender and bilateral jaw symmetry.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi from June to December 2018, and comprised patients who visited the dental clinics and underwent cone-beam computed tomography scans. The scans were evaluated in the axial, coronal and sagittal planes and roots were classified using Jungs classification for proximity to maxillary sinus floor. The distance between the sinus floor and the apices of maxillary posterior teeth was measured. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: There were 60 scans with 1066 roots. The most common maxillary tooth root in Type III group of Jung classification was the mesio-buccal root of the 2nd molar with the shortest mean distance of 0.44±3.05mm, followed by palatal roots of the 1st molar with the shortest mean distance of 1.58±4.01mm. The maxillary tooth root most frequent in Type I group was buccal root of 1st premolar with a mean distance of 8.15±6.65mm, and the 2nd premolar with a mean distance of 7.38±6.60mm. No significant difference was found in terms of gender and sides (p ?0.05).
Conclusion: The most common root protruding in the sinus was found to be the mesio-buccal root of the 2nd molar, followed by palatal roots of the 1st molar. The most distant maxillary tooth root from the sinus was the buccal root of 1st and 2nd premolars.
Continuous...
NALAR EKOFEMINISME DALAM PEMIKIRAN HUKUM WARIS M. QURAISH SHIHAB
Authors: Ali Umar , Ridho Ridho 
Published: April 2021

The focus of the study in this paper is M. Quraish Shihab's thoughts in the field of inheritance law. M. Quraish Shihab's (hereinafter referred to as Shihab) thought deserves to be appointed as a target study in relation to his views on gender equality. In various published writings, especially in his book entitled "Women: from Love to Sex, from the Mut'ah Marriage to the Sunnah Marriage, from the Old Bias to the New Bias", it is very clear how Quraish tried to get out of the mainstream of "right" thinking. who want to lock up women in domestic sectors as well as "left" thinking that tends to go too far in understanding equality between men and women, in other words, Shihab is classified as a moderate thinker in the study of gender equality. That is the conclusion of several studies examining Shihab's thoughts.
In contrast to these conclusions, this article concludes that Shihab can actually be classified as an eco-feminist who tries to maintain the status quo of gender inequality that is being sued by feminists. This can be seen very well in Shihab's rejection of feminist claims about equality in quantity in the distribution of inheritance between men and women, which in the sacred text is stated as two to one. For Shihab, the provisions in the distribution of inheritance are final because the details about the law of inheritance are closed with a firm statement "that is the limits of Allah" and a series of other arguments expressed by Shihab. This issue will be presented in the following descriptions so as to reinforce the above conclusions.
Can digital storytelling enhance learning motivation for EFL students with low proficiency and confidence in English?
Authors: Kasami Naoko 
Published: April 2021

<p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of a digital storytelling assignment on English learning motivation of non-English major students with low proficiency and confidence in English in Japan. The participants of this study were non-English major students in Japan who studied in four courses of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Each course was 15 weeks long and was held in the spring and fall terms of 2018. The study goal of the course was to acquire skills and knowledge to present ideas and messages effectively with the use of information communications and technology (ICT) and English. Three (pre-, midterm- and post-) questionnaires were employed to collect the necessary data. The results of the three questionnaires and two tests were received from 65 students. This research focused on 27 students with low proficiency and confidence in English as determined by the results of the pre-questionnaire and pre-test. The analysis of the data showed that the digital storytelling assignment could enhance learning motivation for most participants with low proficiency and confidence in English. Most students with low proficiency and confidence in English in this course also felt confident about conducting a digital storytelling assignment in English. </p>
Comparison between Rocuronium and Atracurium Effect on Blood Pressure during General Anaesthesia in Baghdad Hospital
Authors: Hama Adel Amen , Hoobi Noor Faris , Majeed Sara Emad 
Published: April 2021

This study was aimed to assess the blood pressure influence of rocuronium drug under general anesthesia and compares it with atracurium drug. The study recruited 50 adult patients, divided in to two groups the rocuronium drug groups which included 25 patients and atracurium drug group which included 25 patients, age ranged from (18-60 years) of both sexes who were (ASAI and ASAII) patients undergoing (elective surgeries) in Baghdad education hospital during the period from (October 2019 to March 2020). Anesthesia was induced with using I.V. propofol drug (1.5-2.5 mg/kg), ketamine drug (0.5 mg/kg) or (2-3 mg/kg) propofol drug. For the endotreacheal tube, and facility of intubation injection muscle relaxation the rocuronium drug (0.6 mg/kg) or atracurium drug (0.5 mg/kg), for maintenance rocuronium drug (0.1-0.2 mg/kg). 60 sec. was used after administration of the relaxant, attempt of intubation. Next intubation, lungs were mechanically ventilated, monitored, blood pressure recorded and MAP after five minutes and every five minute for 15 minutes. The resulting P-value of MAP in Rocuronium drug groups and Atracuruim drug group at pre-operative was 0.811 which was non-significant (P> 0.05). While at induction it was 0.309 which was also non-significant (P> 0.05). After 1min it was 0.574 which was non-significant (P> 0.05). After 5min it was 0.321 which was non-significant. After 10 min it was 0.954 which was non-significant (P> 0.05). The blood pressure effected from rocuronium drug and atracurium drug are different under general anesthesia. The Atracurium drugs has less marked change in MAP. In healthy patients it maybe not be of importance, nevertheless it could be nonessential in patients with preexisting cerebral, cardiac diseases, hypertension or the elderly, but Rocuronium drug has a marked change in MAP. This could be cautiously in the patients with preexisting cardiac or cerebral pathology or elderly or hypertension. In conclusions the MAP was increased at induction of rocuronium drug and was decreased at induction of atracurium drug in this study.
Influence of Different Disinfectants on Surface Hardness of Heat-Polymerized Acrylic Resins utilized for Orthodontic Appliance
Authors: Alwaeli Wael Abdul Alrazzaq , Alsegar Mohammed Abdul Sattar 
Published: April 2021

Heat-polymerized resins are common substances utilized for construction of removable dental prostheses (i.e. Orthodontic appliances). Such materials should have appropriate physical properties. The use of disinfectant solutions might influence the physical characteristics of the acrylic materials. This study was conducted to assess the influence of different disinfectants on heat polymerized resins in terms of surface hardness. Forty specimens were made from heat-polymerized acrylic resins in total. The investigation comprised 4 groups according to the disinfectants utilized and each group had ten specimens. The 1st group was immersed in distilled water (control); the 2nd group was disinfected in Efferdent; the 3rd group was disinfected in 4 % Chlorhexidine; and the 4th group was disinfected in 1% hypochlorite. All specimens were tested via a hardness tester three times and the average reading was measured for all specimens. The statistical results indicated a slight decline in the mean values of surface hardness of acrylic specimens following immersion in disinfectants. The greatest value of mean was for distilled water specimens whereas the lowest value of mean was for 4% Chlorhexidine specimens. Furthermore, no significant differences were found among all groups (P>0.05). The study concluded that the use of disinfectants solutions slightly decreases the hardness of heat polymerized resins. It is recommended to evaluate the chemical interaction between the acrylic resins and disinfectants.
The Utility of Recycled Eyeglasses: A Pilot Study at the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services
Authors: Huang Valerie , Kim Mary , Mohan Sukriti , Daskivich Lauren , Berry Jesse 
Published: April 2021

Background:
The cost of eyeglasses is variably covered by medical insurance and thus is a significant barrier for patients in lower socioeconomic classes. We wanted to evaluate the efficacy of Recycle Vision (RV) at LAC+USC Medical Center, a monthly clinic run by volunteer medical students that provides free donated eyeglasses.
Methods:
A convenience sample of 30 patients were surveyed from August 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019. Patients’ prescriptions were matched with available eyeglasses based on spherical equivalent and axis of astigmatism using Winglasses software algorithm; patients selected glasses from these options based on subjective improvement of vision. All participants consented to a phone follow-up survey 1 month after initial visit to gauge satisfaction with glasses and rate difficulty in completing daily activities pre- and post-RV visit on a scale of 1 to 5 (5 being the greatest), with a 100% response rate.
Results:
Of the 30 study participants, 90% received eyeglasses from RV, with reported improvement in ease of daily activities of 3.96. 67% of respondents stated that if RV clinic did not exist, they would not have obtained glasses elsewhere; cost was the most commonly (70%) cited barrier. Upon follow-up, average likelihood of patients referring friends/family to RV was 4.07 (SD 1.14).
Conclusion:
The majority of RV patients received free eyeglasses and had subsequent improvement in their quality of life. This pilot study demonstrates that programs offering free eyeglasses can effectively correct refractive error and can offer a practical public health solution to improve functionality for underserved populations.
HUBUNGAN POSISI BEKERJA PETANI LANSIA DENGAN RESIKO TERJADINYA LOW BACK PAIN DI DESA CANGKRING KECAMATAN JENGGAWAH KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Suryaningtyas Eka 
Published: April 2021

Keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) adalah program yang dibuat pekerja atau pengusaha sebagai upaya mencegah timbulnya kecelakaan dan penyakit akibat kerja (PAK) dengan mengenali hal-hal yang berpotensi menimbulkan kecelakaan dan penyakit akibat kerja serta tindakan antisipatif terjadinya kecelakaan dan penyakit akibat kerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan menggunakan metode penelitian komparasi, dimana metode ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara variable independen dan variable dependen pada sekelompok subyek. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh petani lansia di wilayah kerja Desa Cangkring Kabupaten Jember yang berjumlah 40 orang. Wilayah kerja Desa Cangkring Kabupaten Jember,hasil yang di dapat yaitu posisi bekerja dengan low back paint sebanyak 14 orang(20,0%),dapat dilihat bahwa posisi bekerja dengan low back paint sebanyak 14 orang(20,0%), sedang kanposisi kerja membungkuk sedang sebanyak 6 orang (8,6%), posisi kerja saat sebanyak 0 orang (0,0%), posisi kerja berdiri dengan risiko kerja 0 orang (0,0%), posisi kerja membungkuk dengan risiko kerja 33 orang (47,1%), sebanyak 3 orang (4,3)posisi kerja petani lansia dengan risiko kerja low back pain sebanyak 10 siswa (14,3%).
HUBUNGAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT DENGAN KEJADIAN SKABIES DI PONDOK PESANTREN DARUL HIKMAH AL-HASAN KECAMATAN TANGGUL KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Prasetya Fika Indah 
Published: April 2021

Kasus yang terjadi di Pesantren memang sudah membudidaya, faktor yang menyebabkan kurangnya perilaku bersih dan sehat karena sumber pengetahuan yang kurang dan sarana dan prasaranan yang tidak memadai sehingga responden mencuci tangan tidak menggunakan sabun, memakai handuk secara bersamaan dengan penderita skabies, dan kurangnya sarana air bersih serta pentingnya pengetahuan akan pemutusan mata rantai skabies sehingga penulis ingin melakukan penelitian dengan “Hubungan PHBS dengan Kejadian Skabies”. Peneliti ini mempunyai tujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara PHBS dengan kejadian skabies.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik, desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional, dimana data diambil dengan menggunakan kousioner dan observasi di Poskestren yang dilakukan pada tanggal 12 April 2014 dengan jumlah populasi 60 responden, adapun sampel yang diteliti sebanyak 53 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan di ambil dengan cara stratafield random sampling. Pengumpulan data melalui koding, editing dan tabulating, scoring kemudian dianalisis secara manual dengan menggunakan komputer dengan Wilcoxon.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada variabel Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat mayoritas responden kurang dalam penerapan PHBS sebanyak 16 responden (30.2%). Dan variable kejadian skabies sebanyak 29 responen (54.7%). Analisis hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai signifikan p=0,000 ini berarti di bawah 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan ada hubungan antara PHBS dengan kejadian skabies.
Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh menggambarkan santri dapat diurutkan sebagai berikut : umur, kelas, jenis kelamin, Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat, skabies dan analisis penelitian menggunakan wilcoxon. Saran yang diajukan yaitu sebaiknya Pesantren mempunyai fasilitas kesehatan yang standar dan penilaian lebih lanjut dilakukan agar hasil lebih valid.
HUBUNGAN DURASI PIJAT BAYI DENGAN KUALITAS TIDUR BAYI DI DESA SILO Tahun 2019
Authors: Wieminaty Aldi Febrian 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Baby massage is art of medical treatment and therapy than knowing along human created in this world and have been practiced last century by hereditarily with soothsayer. The baby is a child which the old age is 0-12 months.In the Village area of South District Silo, obtained from 10 infants there were three babies who do not sleep or waking during sleep and seven other babies have to sleep soundly at night. therefore, researchers want to know is there any relationship between infants in the massage and no massage with baby sleep quality.
Type of research isexperiment, research, systematic sampling with random sampling, the sample was 0-12 months old infants in the Village area Silo 36 infants. Data collected by questionnaire and data processing spread in tabulation with Chi square test.
Than 50% of mothers who massage their babies in a baby who got 47.22% and 2.78% sleeping babies do not sleep soundly, and from 50% or a group of mothers who did not massage the baby was found 5.56% of babies sleep soundly and 44 , 44% of infants do not sleep soundly.
After using the chi-square statistical test was found at 21.854, while the chi-square table with a dk of 3.841 (21.854> chi-square table value of 3.481), then the zero hypothesis (Ho) is rejected. Contingency coefficient and hypothesis test with the results 0,641, The strength of the relationship 0.40 <KK <0.70 Fair means or medium.
Of this research is expected the mothers to massage their babies with a good and loving on her baby.