bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Atopic Eczema and Psoriasis Coexist? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cunliffe A. , Gran S. , Ali U. , Grindlay D. , Lax S. J. , Williams H. C. , Burden-Teh E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Importance
Previous studies report both coexistence and mutual exclusivity of atopic eczema (AE) and psoriasis, but these have not been appraised systematically. Knowledge of such disease association throws light on disease mechanisms and may influence therapeutic choices.

Objective
To summarise evidence for AE and psoriasis occurring in the same person at the same point in time. Planned primary outcome was the incidence, prevalence or risk of psoriasis or eczema.

Methods
Ovid MEDLINE and Ovid Embase were searched from inception to 1st February 2020. The search strategy was built around the key terms ‘atopic eczema’, ‘psoriasis’ and ‘co-existence’. Observational studies (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional and case-series) with a minimum of 10 consecutive patients were included. There were no restrictions on participants, geography or language. Studies were selected, data extracted and critically appraised by two independent reviewers. Data were extracted on the method of diagnosis: health professional (dermatologist, criteria, other), self-reported, not specified. Study quality was assessed using validated Joanna Brigg's Institute critical appraisal tools. A random-effects model was used to combine studies. The effect of study quality on the pooled estimate was investigated using stratification. Heterogeneity was explored by subgroup analysis.

Results
This review included 31 studies and 20 523 individuals with psoriasis and 1 405 911 with AE. Eight studies reported the prevalence of AE in those with psoriasis and values ranged from 0.17% to 20%: the pooled prevalence was 2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1, 3). Seven studies reported the prevalence of psoriasis in those with AE and values ranged from 0.3% to 12.6%; the pooled prevalence was 2% (95% CI: 1, 3). Ten studies were assessed as low risk of bias. Geographical area, method of diagnosis, setting and whether the assessment of diagnosis was blinded, partly contributed to the heterogeneity.

Conclusions
This review provides some evidence for the coexistence of AE and psoriasis. Clinicians should be aware of coexistence at diagnosis, when selecting therapies and when reviewing poor response to treatment.
Prurigo Strophulus: Epidemiological, Clinical Aspects and Environmental Factors Among Children in Yaoundé, Cameroon (Sub-Saharan Africa)
Authors: Kouotou E. A. , Nguena Feungue U. , Engolo Fandio A. , Tounouga D. N. , Ndjitoyap Ndam E. C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Prurigo Strophulus (PS) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory disease caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to arthropod bites. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of PS and its clinical characteristic in our context.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study during February to May 2017 in Dermatology's units of six hospitals in Yaoundé. Children with clinical signs of PS were included. A questionnaire was administered for data collection.

Results
A total of 112 children (62 boys and 50 girls) were included in the study, with a median age of 2 years; with range varied from 5 months to 16 years. The prevalence of PS was 5.4%. The most represented age group was 0–5 years (78.6%). PS lesions were most often located in exposed areas of body such as lower limbs (101/112; 90.2%), upper limbs (85/112; 75.9%) and face (19.6%). Papule-vesicle (87.5%) was the predominant type of lesions.

Conclusion
PS is a common disease in Yaoundé (Cameroon). Papule-vesicle lesions are the most frequent signs. It is usually found in exposure areas of body.
Recent progress on motion control of swimming micro/nanorobots
Authors: Yu Shimin , Cai Yang , Wu Zhiguang , He Qiang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSwimming micro/nanorobots attract considerable attention due to their considerable promises in various fields ranging from environmental remediation to biomedicine. However, the control system for optimal trajectory and precise localization is an exciting yet challenging for the existing swimming micro/nanorobots. Researchers have used different actuation systems allowing multiple degrees of freedom to actuate swimming microrobots with various motion control methods from well‐controlled physicochemical processes to achieve autonomous movement along the gradient of various chemical or physical fields. Furthermore, with the advance of intelligent technology, machine learning strategies have been considered for intelligent control of swimming microrobots. In this paper, we summarized directly manual control and autonomous tactic motion of swimming micro/nanorobots. The application of reinforcement learning in controllable motions of swimming microrobots was also elaborated.
Constraints on discrete global symmetries in quantum gravity
Authors: Ali Passant , Eichhorn Astrid , Pauly Martin , Scherer Michael M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The question whether global symmetries can be realized in quantum-gravity-matter-systems has far-reaching phenomenological consequences. Here, we collect evidence that within an asymptotically safe context, discrete global symmetries of the form ℤn, n > 4, cannot be realized in a near-perturbative regime. In contrast, an effective-field-theory approach to quantum gravity might feature such symmetries, providing a mechanism to generate mass hierarchies in the infrared without the need for additional fine-tuning.
Revisiting electroweak radiative corrections to b → sℓℓ in SMEFT
Authors: Endo Motoi , Mishima Satoshi , Ueda Daiki 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We revisit electroweak radiative corrections to Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) operators which are relevant for the B-meson semileptonic decays. The one-loop matching formulae onto the low-energy effective field theory are provided without imposing any flavor symmetry. The on-shell conditions are applied especially in dealing with quark-flavor mixings. Also, the gauge independence is shown explicitly in the Rξ gauge.
Circulating PD-L1 levels change during bevacizumab-based treatment in recurrent glioma
Authors: Mair Maximilian J. , Ilhan-Mutlu Ayseguel , Pajenda Sahra , Kiesel Barbara , Wöhrer Adelheid , Widhalm Georg , Dieckmann Karin , Marosi Christine , Wagner Ludwig , Preusser Matthias , Berghoff Anna S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
In primary brain tumors, the efficacy of immune-modulating therapies is still under investigation as inflammatory responses are restricted by tight immunoregulatory mechanisms in the central nervous system. Here, we measured soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) in the plasma of patients with recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) and recurrent WHO grade II–III glioma treated with bevacizumab-based salvage therapy.

Methods
Thirty patients with recurrent GBM and 10 patients with recurrent WHO grade II–III glioma were treated with bevacizumab-based salvage therapy at the Medical University of Vienna. Prior to each treatment cycle, EDTA plasma was drawn and sPD-L1 was measured applying a sandwich ELISA with a lower detection limit of 0.050 ng/ml. Leukocyte counts and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured according to institutional practice.

Results
Median number of sPD-L1 measurements was 6 per patient (range: 2–24). At baseline, no significant difference in sPD-L1 concentrations was observed between WHO grade II–III glioma and GBM. Intra-patient variability of sPD-L1 concentrations was significantly higher in WHO grade II–III glioma than in GBM (p = 0.014) and tendentially higher in IDH-mutant than in IDH-wildtype glioma (p = 0.149) In WHO grade II–III glioma, sPD-L1 levels were significantly lower after one administration of bevacizumab than at baseline (median: 0.039 ng/ml vs. 0.4855 ng/ml, p = 0.036). In contrast, no significant change could be observed in patients with GBM.

Conclusions
Changes in systemic inflammation markers including sPD-L1 are observable in patients with recurrent glioma under bevacizumab-based treatment and differ between WHO grade II–III glioma and GBM.
Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix Increases Fat Survival Rate after Fat Grafting in Nude Mice
Authors: Zhu Meishu , Zhu Meihui , Wu Xiaoling , Xu Meiquan , Fan Kunwu , Wang Jinming , Zhang Liyong , Yin Meifang , Wu Jun , Zhu Zhixiang , Yang Guang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Autologous fat grafts have been widely in use for reconstruction, contour abnormalities, and cosmetic surgeries. However, the grafted fat one-year survival rate is unpredictable and always low (20%–80%). Standardizing the existing transplantation technology is difficult due to the limiting conditions. Scaffold materials or drugs are unsuitable to employ because of legal restrictions, complex production, and undetermined hazards. Therefore, a simpler and more effective approach to improve grafted fat survival rate is using commercial products as additives. Earlier studies proved that porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM), a biomaterial clinically used for wound repair, could work as a scaffold for lipo-implantation. This study aimed at investigating the hitherto unclear effect of PADM on transplanted fat survival.

Methods
Thirty-two 8-week-old female nude mice were divided into two groups. Control mice received a 300 μl fat injection, while the PADM group mice were injected with a 300 μl PADM-fat mixture. After a 4-week treatment, fat weight and liquefaction ratio were assessed. Histological changes were quantified via hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining. Macrophage infiltration and vascular regeneration were revealed using an anti-CD34 antibody. Mouse and human mRNA expression levels were gauged via RNA-sequencing. On the third day post implantation, the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory genes Mcp-1 and Tnf-α were measured by qRT-PCR.

Results
The weight of surviving grafted fat did not differ between the control and the PADM group. However, adding PADM significantly decreased fat liquefaction. H&E-stained sections showed that PADM decreased fat necrosis, increased fat tissue regeneration, and raised CD34 levels in the regenerated tissue. RNA-sequencing showed that, compared to controls, fats from PADM-added group expressed more mouse-related mRNA but less human-related mRNA. The following GO and KEGG analysis showed that added PADM increased extracellular matrix (ECM) genes expression levels. The qRT-PCR showed that adding PADM increased Mcp-1 and Tnf-α mRNA expression levels.

Conclusions
In summary, PADM addition increased fat survival rate by reducing fat liquefaction through an increased macrophage infiltration, ECM regeneration, and revascularization. Therefore, PADM addition is a workable application in autologous fat grafting.

No Level Assigned
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
What is known about palliative care in adult patients with allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT)?
Authors: Simon Steffen T. , Pralong Anne , Hallek Michael , Scheid Christoph , Holtick Udo , Herling Marco 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPatients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) are given a real chance of cure, but at the same time are confronted with a considerable risk of mortality and of severe long-term impediments. This narrative, non-systematic literature review aims to describe the supportive and palliative care needs of allo-SCT recipients, including long-term survivors or those relapsing or dying after transplantation. It also evaluates the feasibility and effectivity of integrating palliative care early in transplant procedures. In this appraisal of available literature, the main findings relate to symptoms like fatigue and psychological distress, which appear to be very common in the whole allo-SCT trajectory and might even persist many years post-transplantation. Chronic GvHD has a major negative impact on quality of life. Overall, there is a paucity of research on further issues in the context of allo-SCT, like the distress related to the frequently unpredictable post-transplant trajectory and prognosis, as well as the end-of-life phase. First randomized controlled results support the effectiveness of early integration of specialized palliative care expertise into transplant algorithms. Barriers to this implementation are discussed.
Endoscopic enucleation of the prostate (EEP). The same but different—a systematic review
Authors: Pallauf M. , Kunit T. , Ramesmayer C. , Deininger S. , Herrmann T. R. W. , Lusuardi L. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Various techniques for EEP exist. They differ by surgical steps and the source of energy. It is assumed that the latter is of minor importance, whereas adherence to the anatomical enucleation template determines the postoperative result. So far, no systematic review highlights the differences between the energy sources in use for anatomical EEP. This study will address selfsame topic.

Methods
A systematic review of the literature was completed on September 1st, 2020. Studies comparing HoLEP, ThuLEP, DiLEP, or BipolEP with TUR-P providing 12 months of postoperative follow-up were included. Two frequentist network meta-analyses were created to compare the techniques of EEP indirectly.

Results
31 studies, including 4466 patients, were found eligible for our meta-analysis. Indirect pairwise comparison showed differences in surgery time between BipolEP and HolEP (MD − 16.72 min., 95% CI − 27.75 to − 5.69) and DiLEP and HoLEP (MD − 22.41 min., 95% CI − 39.43 to − 5.39). No differences in the amount of resected prostatic tissue, major and minor complications and postoperative catheterization time were found. The odds for blood transfusions were threefold higher for BipolEP than for HoLEP (OR 3.27, 95% CI 1.02–10.5). The difference was not statistically significant when comparing prospective trials and matched-pair analysis only (OR 3.25, 95% CI 0.94–11.18). The Qmax 12 months after surgery was 2 ml/sec. higher for BipolEP than for DiLEP (MD  2.00, 95% CI 0.17–3.84) and 1.94 ml/sec. lower for DiLEP than for HoLEP (MD − 1.94, 95% CI − 3.65 to − 0.22).

Conclusion
The energy source used for EEP has an impact on the intervention itself. BipolEP promotes surgical efficiency; laser techniques lower the risk of bleeding.

Registry
This meta-analysis is registered in the PROSPERO international prospective register registry with the registration number CRD42020205836.
Contact angle measurements for automotive exterior water management
Authors: Hodgson Graham , Passmore Martin , Skarysz Maciej , Garmory Andrew , Paolillo Franck 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The simulation of fluid flow over solid surfaces is important in many applications, for example, in automotive applications where good visibility and the performance of external sensors are essential. Multiphase CFD simulation methods such as level set or coupled level set–volume of fluid typically require a validated dynamic contact angle model as a function of capillary number to accurately resolve the near wall behaviour. This paper explores an experimental approach to identify a suitable contact angle model for pure and contaminated water on glass and painted surfaces. Applying image processing methods to high-resolution digital images of droplets descending flat plate samples of the required surfaces, the dynamic advancing and receding contact angles and capillary number are determined. Cox–Voinov, de Gennes and Yokoi models are parameterised from the experimental data, and the Yokoi model is shown to be the most suited to these surface/fluid combinations where hysteresis is significant. A multiphase simulation implementing the Yokoi model demonstrates good correlation for the Bond number between simulation and experiment.

Graphic abstract
Description of the updated nutrition calculation of the Oxford WebQ questionnaire and comparison with the previous version among 207,144 participants in UK Biobank
Authors: Perez-Cornago Aurora , Pollard Zoe , Young Heather , van Uden Marloes , Andrews Colm , Piernas Carmen , Key Timothy J. , Mulligan Angela , Lentjes Marleen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeThe Oxford WebQ is a web-based 24-h dietary assessment method which has been used in UK Biobank and other large prospective studies. The food composition table used to calculate nutrient intakes has recently been replaced with the UK Nutrient Databank, which has food composition data closer in time to when participants completed the questionnaire, and new dietary variables were incorporated. Here we describe the updated version of the Oxford WebQ questionnaire nutrient calculation, and compare nutrient intakes with the previous version used.Methods207,144 UK Biobank participants completed ≥ 1 Oxford WebQs, and means and standard deviations of nutrient intakes were averaged for all completed 24-h dietary assessments. Spearman correlations and weighted kappa statistics were used to compare the re-classification and agreement of nutrient intakes between the two versions.Results35 new nutrients were incorporated in the updated version. Compared to the previous version, most nutrients were very similar in the updated version except for a few nutrients which showed a difference of > 10%: lower with the new version for trans-fat (− 20%), and vitamin C (− 15%), but higher for retinol (+ 42%), vitamin D (+ 26%) and vitamin E (+ 20%). Most participants were in the same (> 60%) or adjacent (> 90%) quintile of intake for the two versions. Except for trans-fat (r = 0.58,κ = 0.42), very high correlations were found between the nutrients calculated using the two versions (r > 0.79 andκ > 0.60).ConclusionSmall absolute differences in nutrient intakes were observed between the two versions, and the ranking of individuals was minimally affected, except for trans-fat.
Low skeletal muscle mass predicts frailty in elderly head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Meerkerk C. D. A. , Chargi N. , de Jong P. A. , van den Bos F. , de Bree R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC) carries a high risk of adverse outcomes in patients, especially in frail elderly. Therefore, it is important to identify patients in which treatment benefits outweigh the risk of any adverse outcome. Although the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) identifies frailty, it is a time-consuming tool. Instead, measurement of skeletal muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia) may be a promising and time-efficient biomarker for frailty. The aim of this study was to examine the association between sarcopenia and frailty assessment tools, such as the CGA, Fried criteria and the Groningen Frailty Indicator (GFI).

Methods
A retrospective study was performed in elderly patients (≥ 70-years) with HNC. Sarcopenia was defined as the combination of reduced handgrip strength (HGS) and low skeletal muscle mass (SMM), according to the EWGSOP-2 criteria. SMM was measured on routinely available diagnostic imaging and corrected height: skeletal muscle index (SMI). A CGA was performed by a geriatrician. Frailty screening was performed using the GFI and the Fried criteria.

Results
In total, 73 patients were included of which 33 were men (45.2%) and 40 women (54.8%). Frail patients diagnosed by CGA were more likely to have low SMI, sarcopenia, more comorbidities and were at high risk for malnutrition (all p < 0.05). In multivariate regression analysis, the only significant predictor for frailty diagnosed by CGA was SMI (OR 0.9, p < 0.01) independent of comorbidity and muscle strength.

Conclusion
Low SMI and sarcopenia are associated with frailty in elderly HNC patients. Low SMI predicts frailty and is a promising time-efficient and routinely available tool for clinical practice.
Sound localization with bilateral bone conduction devices
Authors: Caspers Coosje J. I. , Janssen A. M. , Agterberg M. J. H. , Cremers C. W. R. J. , Hol M. K. S. , Bosman A. J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate sound localization in patients bilaterally fitted with bone conduction devices (BCDs). Additionally, clinically applicable methods to improve localization accuracy were explored.

Methods
Fifteen adults with bilaterally fitted percutaneous BCDs were included. At baseline, sound localization, (un)aided pure-tone thresholds, device use, speech, spatial and qualities of hearing scale (SSQ) and York hearing-related quality of life (YHRQL) questionnaire were measured. Settings to optimize sound localizing were added to the BCDs. At 1 month, sound localization was assessed again and localization was practiced with a series of sounds with visual feedback. At 3 months¸ localization performance, device use and questionnaire scores were determined again.

Results
At baseline, one patient with congenital hearing loss demonstrated near excellent localization performance and four other patients (three with congenital hearing loss) localized sounds (quite) accurately. Seven patients with acquired hearing loss were able to lateralize sounds, i.e. identify whether sounds were coming from the left or right side, but could not localize sounds accurately. Three patients (one with congenital hearing loss) could not even lateralize sounds correctly. SSQ scores were significantly higher at 3 months. Localization performance, device use and YHRQL scores were not significantly different between visits.

Conclusion
In this study, the majority of experienced bilateral BCD users could lateralize sounds and one third was able to localize sounds (quite) accurately. The localization performance was robust and stable over time. Although SSQ scores were increased at the last visit, optimizing device settings and a short practice session did not improve sound localization.
Health-related quality of life, workability, and return to work of patients after liver transplantation
Authors: Fazekas Christian , Kniepeiss Daniela , Arold Nora , Matzer Franziska , Wagner-Skacel Jolana , Schemmer Peter 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Health-related quality of life (HrQoL) and workability are related parameters to measure success of therapy. Both have been insufficiently explored in patients after liver transplantation (LT). Particularly little is known about patients’ attitude to return to work, employment status before LT, and how frequently there is any employment at any time after LT.

Methods
This is a single-center retrospective cohort study including 150 adult outpatients after LT. Liver transplantations had been performed between 1993 and 2018. The study was carried out from February to July 2018. The exclusion criteria were combined transplantations, positive screening for current alcohol abuse, and anxiety or depression. To evaluate HrQoL and fitness to work, the patients were tested using the Short Form 36, the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire, and the Work Ability Index.

Key results
The return rate of sufficiently filled-in questionnaires was 46.8% (66 patients). The mean age of patients was 59.9 years (SD=10.8), ranging from 25 to 78 years old. HrQoL was partly comparable to the normal population. Workability sum scores with a mean value of 31.61 (SD 9.79) suggested moderate workability at present. While only 28.8% of respondents were ever employed after LT, 45.5% currently wished to work or would have wished to work.

Conclusions
HRQL seems to be partly similar to population data, and subjective workability seems to be moderate in patients after LT. Despite a positive attitude to return to work in almost half of respondents, a lower rate of actual return to work was found in this study.