bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sorption of Ce(III) on magnetic / olive pomace nanocomposite: Isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Akbas Yusuf Azmi , Yusan Sabriye , Sert Senol , Aytas Sule 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Used for various high-tech applications, cerium is an important rare earth element (REE) and its sorption on various solids also important considering purification, environmental and radioactive waste disposal, In view of the industrial and environmental terms, it is important to remove Ce3+ ions from an aqueous solution. Magnetite and magnetic olive pomace nanocomposite were thus fabricated by a partial reduction co-precipitation approach. The structure and morphological properties of the prepared nano-material and nanocomposite were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) and BET surface area analysis. The effects of parameters such as solution pH, contact time, initial Ce(III) concentration and temperature on the sorption efficiency were studied. The maximum sorption capacities of the magnetite (MNP) and magnetic olive pomace nanocomposite (MOP) for Ce(III) ions were found to be 76.92 and 90.90 mgg− 1, respectively. The sorption data fitted well with Dubinin- Radushkevich isotherm model and the pseudo-second order kinetic model. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the sorption was non-spontaneous and endothermic. The present study introduced MNP and MOP as efficient, sustainable adsorbents alternative to commercial ones in wastewater treatment.
Short-term effects of COVID-19 on risk of traumatic fractures in China: a multi-city study
Authors: Lv Hongzhi , Zhang Xiaolin , Wang Juan , Hou Zhiyong , Wang Haicheng , Li Chao , Wang Wenjuan , Chen Wei , Zhang Yingze 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Traumatic injury is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and fifth most common of in China. Along with the outbreak of COVID-19, strict control measures to restrict people’s movement have been conducted in China. Subsequently, the injury mechanisms and pattern of traumatic fractures changed significantly. This study aimed to investigate the associations between COVID-19 and fracture risk, and provide a targeted reference for the world through China’s experience.Methods: This was a retrospective study of a nationally representative sample of COVID-19 prevalence areas using stratified random sampling. The data of traumatic fracture sustaining patients, including age and sex, fractured sites, mechanism of injury, and concurrent fractures in selected hospitals, were collected from 10 January and 10 July, 2020. The epidemiologic characteristics of traumatic fractures and the associations between COVID-19 and fracture risk were explored using the descriptive epidemiological methods and distribution lag nonlinear model.Results: A total of 67,249 (52.3% males) patients (average age 49.4±19.4 years) with 68,989 fractures were included. The highest proportion of fractures were sustained to the tibia and fibula (14.9%), followed by the femur (13.6%), and ulna and radius (12.5%). Low-energy fractures accounted for 23.3%. With the increase of newly confirmed COVID-19 cases, fracture risk decreased for children, young and middle-aged adults, elderly men, high-energy fracture, and for residents in low and middle-prevalence areas.Conclusion: Fracture risk decreased sharply in all residents except elderly women, low-energy fractures, and in high-prevalence areas when newly confirmed COVID-19 cases increased in China. Primary (home) prevention measures are emphasized to prevent traumatic fractures during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Experimental investigation on material removal and brittle–ductile transition of SiC ceramics milling regarding milling force characteristic and tool wear
Authors: qiu jian , Ge Renpeng , han tingchao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This research of SiC ceramics milling with diamond tool is paid attention to the milling mechanism and the cracks formation to found the brittle–ductile transition. The ductile material removal process of ceramics milling was discussed based on milling geometric models. Based on the material characteristics and fracture mechanics theory of SiC ceramics, the chip formation process and the brittle–ductile transition of ceramics milling were analyzed. The milling experiments of SiC ceramics were carried out, and the effect of cutting parameters on material removal mode was investigated. Based on milling forces, surface topography and chip morphology, the removal mechanism of ceramics milling was analyzed. Diamond tool wear on the material removal and milling forces during milling was investigated. Different methods were compared to identify the critical milling parameters of brittle–ductile transition, which can be used to recommend the milling parameters for crack control and high quality cutting.
Effects of Perioperative Rosuvastatin for Postoperative Delirium After Elderly General Anesthesia Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Xu Xiaoqin , Luo Jingzhi , Li Xiaoyu , Tang Haiqin , Lu Weihong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Experimental evidence has indicated the benefits of statins for the treatment of postoperative delirium. Previously clinical trials had no definite conclusions of statins on delirium. Some clinical trials indicated statins can reduce postoperative delirium and improve outcome, while some studies showed negative results. Therefore, the present study tries to evaluate whether perioperative rosuvastatin treatment could reduce the incidence of delirium and improve clinical outcomes. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial in a single-center in Jiangsu, China. This study enrolled patients aged more than 60 years old who present selective general anesthesia operation, with informed consent. A computer-generated randomization sequence (in a 1:1 ratio) was used to randomly assign patients to receive either rosuvastatin (40 mg/day) or placebos. Participants, care providers, and investigators were all masked to group assignment. The primary endpoint was the incidence of delirium, assessed twice daily with the Confusion Assessment Method during the first 7 postoperative days. Analyses were performed by intention-to-treat and safety populations. Results: Between Jan 1, 2017, and Jan 1, 2020, 3512 patients were assessed. A total of 821 were randomly assigned to receive either a placebo (n=411) or rosuvastatin (n=410). The incidence of postoperative delirium was significantly lower in the rosuvastatin group (23 [5.6%] of 410 patients) than the placebo group (42 [13.5%] of 411 patients (OR=0.522, 95% CI 0.308-0.885; p<0.05). No significant difference on 30-day all-cause mortality (6.1% vs 8.7 %, OR 0.67, P=0.147, 95% CI 0.39–1.2) between two groups. Rosuvastatin can decrease the hospitalization time (13.8±2.5 vs 14.2±2.8, P=0.03) and hospitalization expenses (9.3±2.5 vs 9.8±2.9, P=0.007). No statistical significance between the two groups on abnormal liver enzymes (9.0% vs 7.1%, P=0.30, OR=1.307, 95% CI 0.787-2.169) and rhabdomyolysis (0.73% vs 0.24%, P=0.37, OR=3.020, 95% CI 0.31-29.2. Conclusion: The current study suggests that perioperative rosuvastatin treatment can reduce the incidence of delirium after elective general anesthesia operation. However, no evidence was found that rosuvastatin can improve clinical outcomes. The therapy was safe. Further investigation is necessary to fully understand the potential usefulness of dexmedetomidine in older patients. Trial registration: chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR-IPR-17011984(Registered date: 13/07/2017). The manuscript adheres to CONSORT guidelines.
Increasing Large Wildfires over the Western United States Linked to Diminishing Sea Ice in the Arctic
Authors: Zou Yufei , Rasch Philip , Wang Hailong , Xie Zuowei , Zhang Rudong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The compound nature of large wildfires affected by multiple natural and anthropogenic factors in combination with complex interactions involved in hydroclimate-related physical processes make it difficult to directly connect wildfire changes over fire-prone regions like the western United States (U.S.) with anthropogenic climate change. Here we show that increasing large wildfires during autumn over the western U.S. are fueled by more fire-favorable weather associated with rapid declines in Arctic sea ice during preceding months on both interdecadal and interannual time scales. Our analysis (based on observations, climate model sensitivity experiments, and a multi-model ensemble of climate simulations) demonstrates and explains the Arctic-driven teleconnection through circulation changes with the poleward-shifted North Pacific jet stream and enhanced fire-favorable surface weather conditions. The amplitude of the Arctic-driven fire weather change is of similar magnitude to other leading modes of climate variability such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) that also influence fire weather in the western U.S.
Inhibiting Effects of the Ni Barrier Layer on the Growth of Porous Cu3sn in 10 μm Microbumps
Authors: Liu Siyan , Yang Chenlin , Ling huiqin , Hu Anmin , Hang Tao , Gao Liming , Li Ming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
With the shrinkage of size, porous Cu3Sn have become a new potential threat of the reliability in micron Cu pillar bump. The formation of porous Cu3Sn is contributed the decomposition of Cu6Sn5, which is caused by the overgrowth of intermetallic compounds (IMC) and the stress introduced by the phase transition of Cu6Sn5. In this paper, uniform Ф10 µm Cu/Sn and Cu/Ni (~0.6 μm)/Sn microbumps have been fabricated by multilayer electrodeposition and the effect of the Ni layer on the growth behavior of porous Cu3Sn was investigated by comparing the evolution of IMC in Cu/Sn and Cu/Ni/Sn bumps aged at 170 ℃ and 200 ℃. The ~0.6 μm Ni layer can effectively retard the Cu atoms diffusion, which can hinder IMC from overgrowth. Moreover, with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD), the ability of the Ni layer in stabilizing Cu6Sn5 phase is strengthened, which weakens the tendency of the porous Cu3Sn formation. Under the conjoint action of retarding the growth of IMC and stabilizing Cu6Sn5 phase, the Ni layer can inhibit the formation of porous Cu3Sn efficaciously.
Educating the Next Generation in Sport and Exercise Medicine: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Marino Katherine Rose , Fitzpatrick Daniel , Vishnubala Dane 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Sport and exercise medicine (SEM) is a
relatively new specialty, and it is not well incorporated into
undergraduate medical education.

Previous studies have highlighted that medical students would benefit from increased teaching on SEM, and that students would like more SEM teaching. The aim of this project is to establish which SEM-related topics are deemed to be most important to incorporate into undergraduate medical education and confirm whether medical students would benefit from increased SEM exposure.
Methods

An online survey was distributed to all members of the British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine (BASEM) via email, and it was shared on Twitter via BASEM and the research team.
Results
A total of 126 responses were analysed.
The majority of respondents work in
SEM, or were interested in pursuing a career in SEM.

Musculoskeletal (MSK) examination skills, exercise to prevent and manage disease, and MSK injuries and conditions were deemed to be the most important SEM-related topics to teach medical students. Use of social media and pitchside case were deemed the least important. Respondents thought medical students do not receive enough SEM teaching at medical school and could benefit from increased SEM exposure.
Conclusions

This study supports the opinion that medical students would benefit from increased SEM exposure. This survey is the first to determine how important it is that specific SEM-related topics are taught to medical students. In response to this survey a Delphi study is being conducted in the UK to establish a consensus undergraduate SEM curriculum for medical students.
Study of the Scattering-To-Absorption Ratio in Plasmonic Nanoparicles ‎for‎ Photovoltaic Cells and Sensors Applications
Authors: Daneshfar Nader 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper‎, ‎the scattering-to-absorption ratio that is a measurable factor and defined as the ratio of the scattering cross section to the absorption cross section in plasmonic core-shell nanoparticles with different shapes is investigated‎. ‎The effect of various plasmonic materials on ‎the scattering-to-absorption ratio is presented that can play a key role in plasmonic solar cell efficiency improvement‎. In addition to using plasmonic materials as silver and gold, we use poor metals as bismuth because this type of metals are good materials for UV plasmonics. We also use semiconductor copper chloride (CuCl) in our calculations, because this material exhibits a strong exciton resonance, while the interaction between the plasmon resonance in metals and the exciton resonance in CuCl leads to new plexcitonic modes.
Full-Length Transcriptomic Identification of R2R3-MYB Family Genes Related to Secondary Cell Wall Development in Cunninghamia Lanceolata (Chinese Fir)
Authors: Zhuang Hebi , Chong Sun-Li , Borah Priyanka , Han Xiao , Lin Erpei , Tong Zaikang , Huang Huahong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: R2R3-MYB is a class of transcription factor crucial in regulating secondary cell wall development during wood formation. The regulation of wood formation in gymnosperm has been understudied due to its large genome size. Using Single-Molecule Real-Time sequencing, we obtained full-length transcriptomic libraries from the developmental stem of Cunninghamia lanceolata, a perennial conifer known as Chinese fir. The R2R3-MYB of C. lanceolata (hereafter named as ClMYB) associated with secondary wall development were identified based on phylogenetic analysis, expression studies and functional study on transgenic line. Results: The evolutionary relationship of 52 ClMYBs with those from Arabidopsis thaliana, Eucalyptus grandis, Populus trichocarpa, Oryza sativa, two gymnosperm species, Pinus taeda, and Picea glauca were established by neighbour-joining phylogenetic analysis. A large number of ClMYBs resided in the woody-expanded subgroups that predominated with the members from woody dicots. In contrast, the woody-preferential subgroup strictly carrying the members of woody dicots contained only one candidate. The results suggested that the woody-expanded subgroup emerges before the gymnosperm/angiosperm split, while most of the woody-preferential subgroups are likely lineage-specific to woody dicots. Nine candidates shared the same subgroups with the A. thaliana orthologs, with known function in regulating secondary wall development. Gene expression analysis inferred that ClMYB1/2/3/4/5/26/27/49/51 might participate in secondary wall development, among which ClMYB1/2/5/26/27/49 were significantly upregulated in the highly lignified compression wood region, reinforcing their regulatory role associated with secondary wall development. ClMYB1 was experimentally proven a transcriptional activator that localised in the nucleus. The overexpression of ClMYB1 in Nicotiana benthamiana resulted in an increased lignin deposition in the stems. The members of subgroup S4, ClMYB3/4/5 shared the ERF-associated amphiphilic repression motif with AtMYB4, which is known to repress the metabolism of phenylpropanoid derived compounds. They also carried a core motif specific to gymnospermm lineage, suggesting divergence of the regulatory process compared to the angiosperms.Conclusions: This work will enrich the collection of full-length gymnosperm-specific R2R3-MYBs related to stem development and contribute to understanding their evolutionary relationship with angiosperm species.
Study of The Collagen Type VI Alpha 3 (COL6A3) Gene in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Jin Chong-Yao , Zheng Ran , Lin Zhi-Hao , Xue Nai-Jia , Chen Ying , Gao Ting , Yan Yi-Qun , Fang Yi , Yan Ya-Ping , Yin Xin-Zhen , Tian Jun , Pu Jia-Li , Zhang Bao-Rong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

To date, the genetic contribution to Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains unclear. Mutations in the collagen type VI alpha 3 (COL6A3) gene were recently identified as a cause of isolated dystonia. Since PD and dystonia are closely related disorders with shared clinical and genetic characteristics, we explored the association between COL6A3 and PD in a Chinese cohort.
Methods

We performed genetic screening of COL6A3 in a Chinese cohort of 173 patients with sporadic PD and 200 healthy controls. We identified variants that are likely to have pathogenic effects based on: 1) a minor allele frequency of < 0.01; and 2) the variant being recognized as deleterious by at least 15 different in silico predicting tools. Finally, we tested the aggregate burden of COL6A3 on PD via SKAT-O analysis.
Results

First, we found compound heterozygous COL6A3 gene mutations in one early-onset PD patients. Then, we explored whether COL6A3 variants contributed to increased risk of developing PD in a Chinese population. We detected 21 rare non-synonymous variants. Pathogenicity predictions identified seven novel non-synonymous variants as likely to be pathogenic. SKAT-O analysis further revealed that an aggregate burden of variants in COL6A3 contributes to PD (p = 0.03).
Conclusion

An increased aggregate burden of the COL6A3 gene was detected in patients with PD.
Grain-Growth Mediated Hydrogen Sorption Kinetics and Compensation Effect in Single Pd Nanoparticles
Authors: Alekseeva Svetlana , Strach Michal , Nilsson Sara , Fritzsche Joachim , Zhdanov Vladimir , Langhammer Christoph 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Grains constitute the building blocks of polycrystalline materials and their boundaries determine bulk physical properties like electrical conductivity, diffusivity and ductility. However, the structure and evolution of grains in nanostructured materials and the role of grain boundaries in reaction or phase transformation kinetics are completely uncharted, despite likely importance in catalysis, batteries and hydrogen energy technology applications. To fill this gap, we investigate the kinetics of (de)hydriding phase transformations in individual Pd nanoparticles. We find dramatic evolution of single particle grain morphology upon cyclic exposure to hydrogen, which we identify as the reason for the observed rapidly slowing sorption kinetics, and as the origin of the observed kinetic compensation effect. This constitutes the first observation of the impact of grain growth on kinetic processes occurring inside nanostructured materials, provides a physically sound mechanistic explanation of kinetic compensation effects, and highlights the importance of single particle experiments for their systematic investigation.
Polymorphisms of Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFRC677T and A1298C) and Probable Depression in Postpartum Period in South Indian Women
Authors: Dhiman Pooja , Pillai Raji , Wilson Anand Babu , Premkumar Nancy , Bharadwaj Balaji , P Veena , Rajendiran Soundravally 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Two common variants of Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) are C677T and A1298C, which have been associated with general depression. Main objective of the study was to explore how these functional polymorphisms of MTHFR gene associate with the risk to develop postpartum depression. Method: 434 women were recruited in a study period of 3 years (January 2014 to December 2017) in a tertiary care centre. EPDS was administered at 6 weeks postpartum, with a cut-off score of ≥10 to define probable postpartum depression. Plasma was used for the estimation of circulating vitamin B12 metabolites and whole blood for extraction of DNA. Real time PCR using Taqman probes was used for genotyping the proposed SNP’s. Results: T allele of MTHFR C677T was associated with the risk of probable PPD (p = 0.024, OR = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.06-2.62) and presence of suicidal ideations in these women (p<0.001, OR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.61-5.24). Haplotype 677T-1298A was associated with both the risk of probable PPD (p = 0.029, OR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.05-2.64) and suicidal ideations (p <0.001, OR = 2.933; 95% CI: 1.60-5.35), whereas 677C-1298A was protective against suicidal ideations (p = 0.011; OR = 0.558; 95% CI: 0.35-0.88). Women with risk allele T were also associated with higher levels of circulating holotranscobalamin levels, and lower levels of vitamin B12, whereas risk allele C of A1298C had lower levels of holotranscobalamin. Limitations: Cross-sectional studyConclusion: Polymorphic variants of MTHFR gene might indicate susceptibility to develop probable depression in postpartum period. SignificanceMTHFR C677T has been widely reported in the literature to be associated with general depression. The association of this variant in susceptibility to develop postpartum depression is not widely studied. We observed T allele of MTHFR C677T to be associated with the risk of to develop depression and suicidal ideation in postpartum period. Higher levels of MMA and holotranscobalamin, and lower levels of vitamin B12 were associated with T allele of MTHFR C677T. Polymorphic variants of MTHFR gene might indicate susceptibility to develop depression in postpartum period.
PEG-fDAO Reduces Lung Inflammation in Chronic Granulomatous Disease Mice Post Challenge with&nbsp;Nonviable Candida Albicans
Authors: Nunoi Hiroyuki , Xie Peiyu , Nakamura Hideaki , Aratani Yasuaki , Fang Jun , Nishimura Toyoki , Kataoka Hiroaki , Maeda Hiroshi , Matsukura Makoto 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We previously reported that polyethylene glycol-conjugated recombinant porcine D-amino acid oxidase (PEG-pDAO) could supply reactive oxygen species (ROS) to defective NADPH oxidase in neutrophils of patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), and neutrophils regain bactericidal activity in vitro. In the present study, we employed an in vivo nonviable Candida albicans (nCA)-induced lung inflammation model using gp91-phox knockout CGD mice and novel PEG conjugates of Fusarium spp. D-amino acid oxidase (PEG-fDAO), rather than PEG-pDAO. Using three experimentation strategies with the in vivo lung inflammation model, the mouse body weight, lung weight, and lung pathology were evaluated to confirm the efficacy of ROS-generating enzyme replacement therapy with PEG-fDAO. The lung weight and pathological findings were significantly ameliorated by the administration of PEG-fDAO followed by intraperitoneal injection of D-phenylalanine or D-proline. These data suggest that PEG- fDAO with the function of targeted delivery to the nCA-induced inflammation site is applicable in the treatment of inflammation in CGD in vivo.