bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the Insulation Performance of New Environmentally Friendly Insulation Gas Hexafluoropropylene and Carbon Dioxide Mixed Gas
Authors: Sun DongWei , Zhou Yongyan , Nian Tang , Li Li 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas is widely used as a gas insulation medium in medium and high voltage arc extinguishing or insulated electrical equipment, but the gas is a serious greenhouse effect gas and poses a great threat to the environment. This paper introduces a new environmentally friendly insulating gas of hexafluoropropylene (1-C3F6) with the liquefaction temperature of -29.4°C and the global warming potential (GWP) equivalent to CO2, and especially investigates its saturation vapor pressure characteristics and insulation performance. Under different electrode structures and voltage characteristics, the insulation characteristics of the 1-C3F6/CO2 gas mixture were studied by changing the electrode distance and the pressure of gas mixture.
Microbiological Community Analysis of the Composting of Poplar Processing Residues
Authors: Liang Xiaohui , Si Hongyu , Fan Yuben , Wang Bing , Hua Dongliang , Wang Zhixin , Dong Chengwen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, poplar processing residues was used as the sole substrate for composting, and the microbiological communities such as fungi and bacteria were analysed. Two most favourable fungal phyla Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes and five kinds of fungal genus such as Aspergillus, Thermomyces, Rhizomucor, Rhizopus, Myceliophthora were mainly distributed (more than 80%) in the high temperature samples. As for the bacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were the three most advantageous phyla in the high temperature samples. At the same time, Geobacillus, Bacillus, Thermobispora and Sphingomonas were the dominant bacteria in the high temperature samples at the genus level.
Study on prevention and control technology of mineral dust discharged from high and deep chute
Authors: Zou Changfu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Based on the production process characteristics of the deep pass in Xiadian Gold Mine, a pass unloading model was established, and the dust return characteristics of pass unloading operations were simulated and studied. The dust production law of pass unloading was tested and analyzed, and it was concluded that the transient conditions of deep pass unloading are different According to the distribution of the concentration of each section at the moment, according to the flow field distribution law of the discharge port, a blow-suction airtight dust extraction and purification treatment measure is proposed, which realizes the effective dust control of the discharge surface of the chute and improves the dust extraction efficiency of the dust collector After the on-site supporting research and treatment, the total dust concentration of the chute unloading operation was reduced from 378.3mg/m3 to 5mg/m3, the dust reduction efficiency reached 98.7%, and the respirable dust concentration was reduced from 133.3mg/m3 to 3mg/m3. The efficiency is 97.7%, and the dust reduction effect is good. It solves the problem of the pollution of mineral dust unloading in the deep pass, and provides a basic basis for the treatment of metal mines.
The Effect of Water Availability on The Growth and Yield of Kumis kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.)
Authors: Hadiyanti Nugraheni , Rahardjo Djoko , Junaidi  , Bambang Dwi Moeljanto 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Kumis kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.) is one of the medicinal plants that are economically valuable because of the secondary metabolite of sinensetin efficacious for various diseases. Growth and yield the plants are affected by environmental factors, one of which is water availability. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of water availability on growth and yield of kumis kucing. The design of the study was a complete randomized design with a single factor, which was water availability (100; 50; 37.5; 25 and 12.5% field capacity/FC). Data observation was analyzed by analysis of variance and followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test at 5% upon the significant result. The result showed that the water availability 50-12.5% FC had a negative effect on plant growth, dry weight, and fresh weight of the plant, whereas the highest growth reduction occurred at 12.5% FC on height plant, leaf area, dry weight, and fresh weight of the plant. The result showed that kumis kucing is a plant that is resistant to low water availability.
Ignored but not Forgotten: The Broken Windows Tipping Point and the Question of Functional Form
Authors: De Biasi Alaina 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWilson and Kelling provide a simple instruction to address disorder: direct limited police resources to neighbourhoods at the tipping point. In doing so, they suggest that the disorder–crime relationship reflects a threshold effect. A proper test of the validity of broken windows theory should, therefore, accommodate nonlinearity. To this end, this study empirically examines the functional form of the relationship between physical disorder and violent crime rate in Detroit, MI, utilizing a dose–response propensity score methodology. This examination is aided by open-sourced data collected at the census block-group level. Findings support a nonlinear relationship, favouring a threshold effect with two caveats. Several directions for future research are explored, as well as implications for theory, practice and policy.
Shadow and Light: Online Narratives of Relationship Dissolution among Former Partners of Incarcerated Men
Authors: Umamaheswar Janani 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Criminological research has explored the challenges that incarceration poses to romantic relationships, but less is known about partners who have abandoned efforts to sustain these relationships. In this article, I explore narratives of relationship dissolution among former partners of incarcerated (or formerly-incarcerated) men. Through inductive analyses of 603 posts across 23 threads on Virtual Support for Prisoners (VSP)—a pseudonymous online prisoner support forum—I describe how VSP members position their former partners as morally inferior men inhabiting dark spaces of despair, while framing themselves as harbingers of light into these spaces. These findings reveal how prisons (and people who are confined within them) influence—and are imagined by—those outside prison.
Sarcopenia and surgical outcomes in patients undergoing oncologic colonic surgery
Authors: Schneider M , Hübner M , Becce F , Koerfer J , Collinot J -A , Demartines N , Hahnloser D , Grass F , Martin D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective
Sarcopenia is a marker for malnutrition and frailty which could lead to higher complication rate and prolonged length of stay (LOS) after surgery. The study aim was to assess the correlation between sarcopenia and clinical outcomes in oncologic colonic surgery.

Methods
This retrospective study included consecutive patients operated between 2014 and 2019. Three radiological indices of sarcopenia were measured at the level of the third lumbar vertebra on preoperative CT scans: Skeletal Muscle Area (SMA), Skeletal Muscle Radiation Attenuation (SMRA), and Skeletal Muscle Index (SMI). Patients with major complications (&gt; grade 3a) according to Clavien classification were compared to those without. Statistical correlation between sarcopenia indices, LOS and Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI) was tested by use of the Pearson correlation.

Results
A total of 325 patients were included, 50 (15.4%) with and 275 (84.6%) without major complications. SMA and SMI were comparable between both groups (respectively 126.0 vs 125.2 cm2, p = 0.974, and 43.4 vs 44.3 cm2/m2, p = 0.636), while SMRA was significantly lower in patients with major complications (33.6 vs 37.3 HU, p = 0.018). A lower SMRA was correlated with prolonged LOS (r=-0.207, p &lt; 0.01) and higher CCI (r=-0.144, p &lt; 0.01), while the other sarcopenia indices had no influence on surgical outcomes.

Conclusion
Preoperative SMRA or muscle quality appears to be a weak predictor for adverse outcomes after oncologic colectomy.
High expression of CD34 protein in stage IIA rectal cancer is independently associated with better prognosis
Authors: Lalos A , Wilhelm A , Staubli S , Posabella A , Weixler B , von Flüe M , Droeser R A , Tampakis A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most common cause of death from malignancies, while 30% of all these tumors develop in the rectum. The proximity of the rectum to vital structures, and in some cases the use of neoadjuvant treatment, make the surgical resection of this tumor a great challenge even for highly qualified surgeons. Understanding the mechanisms of rectal cancer (RC) development could lead to new concepts in the approach of diagnosis, prognosis, and eventually treatment of this disease. Despite the fact that TNM classification represents the gold standard tool for the staging of RC, a significant number of studies has recently focused on the association between the tumor microenvironment and RC. CD34 is a transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein expressed on human hematopoietic progenitor and vascular endothelial cells, as well in malignant tissues. It has also been shown to be involved in tumor invasion and angiogenesis. Because of the controversial data , we examined the expression of CD34 protein in RC specimens after stratifying the patients according to their UICC stage.

Methods
In our retrospective study, we included 364 patients with unselected, clinically annotated primary RC specimens. We analyzed a tissue microarray (TMA) of these specimens by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the expression of CD34 protein by tumor cells.

Results
After stratifying the patients in nodal negative and positive groups, we found that the patients with Stage IIA tumors and high expression of CD34 protein had a favorable 5-year overall survival rate (53%; 95%CI = 40.0 – 65.1%) compared to tumors without expression of CD34 protein (26%; 95%CI = 10.7 – 44.6%, p = 0.003). Univariate and multivariate Hazard Cox regression survival analysis revealed that the combined the expression of CD34 protein was an independent, favorable, prognostic marker for overall survival in the stage IIA RC (HR = 0.39, 95%CI = 0.19 – 0.79; p = 0.009).

Conclusion
Our data show that the expression of CD34 protein represents an independent, favorable, prognostic condition in nodal negative stage IIA RC. Thereby, we provide novel insights into the prognostic role of the tumor microenvironment in RC that might help in the development of novel treatment modalities by its modification.
Prospective surveillance after implementation of a colorectal surgical site infection prevention bundle
Authors: Jurt J , Clerc D , Curchod P , Hübner M , Hahnloser D , Senn L , Demartines N , Grass F 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective
Surgical site infections (SSI) are the most frequent complications after colorectal surgery. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of a standardized SSI prevention bundle.

Methods
The multimodal, evidence-based care bundle included 9 intraoperative items (antibiotic type, timing and re-dosing, desinfection, induction temperature control &gt;36.5°, glove change, intracavity lavage, wound protection and closure strategy). The bundle was implemented in November 2018 and applied to all consecutive patients undergoing colonic resections. Demographics, surgical specifics and overall compliance to the care bundle were prospectively assessed until October 2020. The primary outcome SSI was defined according to the definition of the Center for Disease Control (CDC) and independently assessed by the National Infection Surveillance Committee (Swissnoso) up to 30 postoperative days. A historical, institutional pre-implementation control group (2012-2017, DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2018.09.011) with identical methodology was used for comparison.

Results
In total, 243 patients were included. The control group included 1’263 patients. Both groups were comparable regarding main demographics (age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anaesthesiologists class) and surgical characteristics (type and duration of surgery). Overall compliance to the care bundle was 77% (IQR 77-88). Lowest compliance was observed for temperature control (48%), intracavity lavage (59%) and predefined wound closure strategy (74%). Surgical site infections were reported in 54 patients (22.2%) vs. 21.4% in the control group, p = 0.79. Infection rates were comparable throughout the CDC categories: superficial: 11 patients (4.5%) vs. 4.2%, p = 0.82, deep incisional: 9 patients (3.7%) vs. 5.1%, p = 0.34, organ space: 34 (14%) vs. 12.4%, p = 0.48.

Conclusion
Implementation of a standardized surgical care bundle had no impact on SSI rates according to these preliminary results. Improved compliance to individual measures may help to achieve a clinical benefit.
BILCAP-study: Should patients with resected biliary tract cancer really receive adjuvant chemotherapy with capecitabine?
Authors: Manzini G , Klotz U , Hines I , Henne-Bruns D , Kremer M , Kirchner M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective
According to the 2019 published ASCO guidelines patients with resected biliary tract cancer should be offered adjuvant capecitabine chemotherapy based solely on the results of the BILCAP trial. Aim of this work is to analyze the quality of the BILCAP trial.

Methods
Design, conduct, statistics and reporting of the study were analyzed according to the Delphi list and the CONSORT checklist. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.

Results
Several shortcomings could be identified in the study regarding design, conduct, statistics and reporting. The BILCAP study is a randomized, controlled, multicenter, phase 3 study which was done across 44 specialist hepatopancreatobiliary centres in the UK. Despite the inclusion of high specialized centres, the number of included patients each year for each center is extremely low. In particular, a total of 447 patients were included by 44 centers over a period of 11 years, meaning that less than 1 patient was included in this study every year by each center. However, the analysis was not adjusted for center which was one of the stratification factors. Follow up treatment for patients who had disease recurrence was not recorded. Randomization procedure is not well described. Minimization technique was adopted for stratification but mode of application is poorly reported and the choice of variables not justified. No blinding was present. Extensive power evaluations after adjusting the number of needed events, due to lower event rates than expected, were not done. For the observed HR = 0.81 with 234 events statistical power is only around 37%. 4 out of 9 items of the Delphi list and 6 out of 35 items of the CONSORT checklist were not properly addressed. According to the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2) the overall risk-of-bias judgment for the outcome overall survival of the BILCAP study was “some concerns”. Almost all authors declared to have received funds from pharmaceutical companies, so a conflict of interest cannot be excluded. Additionally, the funding agency for this study (Cancer Research UK and Roche) had an advisory role in design and the first author of the BILCAP study was also involved in the generation of the ASCO guideline.

Conclusion
Based on the results of this study there is not enough evidence for the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy with capecitabine in patients with resected biliary tract cancer.
Does persistent cholecystitis after cholecystostomy increase mortality?
Authors: Hess G F , Staubli S M , Muenst S , Bolli M , Zech C J , Hoffmann M , von Flüe M , Kollmar O , Soysal S D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective
Numerous publications describe percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) as a possible treatment option for acute cholecystitis (AC) in selected cases where laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy (CHE) is not feasible due to limited health conditions. Whereas certain experts propose PC as a definitive therapy option for AC, a number of studies question the use of PC, due to high complication rates, no additional benefit of PC compared to CHE, and an increased mortality. The aim of our study was to retrospectively analyze the outcome of patients treated with PC over an extended period of time.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study of patients who underwent PC for AC at a tertiary referral hospital during the last 10 years. The collected data included basic demographics, details about PC procedure, outcome, surgical-rate and final histologic diagnosis.

Results
Out of 158 patients (median age 75 years) treated with PC for AC, 47 (30%) died without undergoing subsequent CHE. Half of the PC patients (79) underwent subsequent CHE (8% in the hot phase), with 97% of these patients undergoing subsequent CHE within one year after PC. Seven (5%) of them died within the first year. The overall Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was 6.4 (CHE vs. no CHE 5.3 vs. 7.4). Histologically, 22 (29%) of the 75 analyzed specimens showed chronic cholecystitis (CC), and 57 patients (68%) had signs of an AC. In 48 patients (30%), a complication after PC occurred.

Conclusion
In our collective, the 1-year survival after PC was 72%. The majority of these patients were in limited health conditions with a mean pre-PC CCI &gt; 5, which implies a potential one-year mortality rate of over 85%. Histologic examination of almost all cholecystectomy specimens showed persistent inflammation. To our knowledge, this is the first extensive report of histologic findings in gallbladder specimens after PC.
Based on our findings, especially in view of the high mortality rate of PC patients, we propose CHE as the treatment of choice in AC, even in chronically ill and elderly patients after stabilization, e.g. with a PC. PC represents no definitive treatment for AC and should remain a short-term solution because of the persistent inflammatory focus. Because CHE in a critically ill patient can be challenging, it should be performed by the most experienced surgeons.
Comparison of long-term survivals following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma according to the time-point of recurrence and treatment modalities for recurrent disease
Authors: Di Pietro Martinelli C , Andreou A , Gloor S , Lachenmayer A , Kim-Fuchs C , Dufour J -F , Beldi G , Candinas D , Banz V 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective
Disease recurrence following curatively intended hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) limits oncologic outcome. Based on the extent, location and time-point of tumor recurrence, different therapeutic modalities are available to treat recurrent HCC. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the role of these treatments and the time-point of recurrence on long-term survival.

Methods
Clinicopathological data of patients, who underwent hepatectomy for HCC at a major hepatobiliary center in Switzerland between 2012 and 2019, were assessed. Patients suffering tumor recurrence were stratified according to the treatment modalities for recurrent HCC including surgical treatment (repeat hepatectomy or liver transplantation), interventional treatment, and conservative treatment (chemotherapy or best supportive care). Groups were compared regarding to overall survival (OS). Additionally, long-term outcomes were compared between patients with early (≤ 12 months) and late (&gt; 12 months) tumor recurrence.

Results
During the study period, 159 patients underwent hepatectomy for HCC. Median follow-up time was 53 months. After a median time of seven (1-64) months, 74 patients were diagnosed with tumor recurrence (47 %). The majority of patients developed early recurrence (n = 49) and 58 patients had intrahepatic recurrence only. Treatment options were re-resection, liver transplantation, interventional methods, and palliative therapy in 5, 15, 23, and 31 patients, respectively. Surgical treatment was significantly associated with improved OS compared to interventional and conservative treatment (5-year OS: 84% vs. 39% vs. 30%, p &lt; 0.0001). OS was significantly better among patients with late recurrence compared to patients with early recurrence, irrespective of the treatment modality used for the recurrent disease (5-year OS: 70% vs. 38%, p = 0.008).

Conclusion
Repeat hepatectomy or liver transplantation for recurrent HCC following hepatectomy is associated with better long-term survival compared to interventional or conservative therapies, especially for patients with late tumor recurrence. Patients with intrahepatic HCC recurrence should be evaluated according to the extent of tumor burden, liver function, and functional status to identify the best candidates for a surgical treatment.
Individual patient data meta-analysis of delayed gastric emptying after pylorus-preserving versus pylorus-resecting pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Probst P , Klaiber U , Seide S , Kawai M , Matsumoto I , Strobel O , Hackert T , Büchler M W , Diener M K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective
Some studies have indicated that resecting the pylorus during partial pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) may lead to reduced delayed gastric emptying (DGE). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed conflicting results regarding superiority of pylorus-resecting PD (prPD) compared to the pylorus-preserving procedure (ppPD). The aim of this individual patient data meta-analysis was to investigate risk factors on an individual patient level which may explain the observed differences between the existing RCTs.

Methods
RCTs comparing ppPD and prPD were searched systematically in MEDLINE, Web of Science and CENTRAL. Individual patient data (IPD) from existing RCTs were included. The primary endpoint was DGE according to the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) adjusted for age, sex and body-mass-index (BMI). The meta-regression model was applied to the IPD of the RCTs. Mixed effects models were applied to perform meta-analyses.

Results
IPD from 418 patients (three RCTs) were used for quantitative synthesis. There was no significant statistical difference between ppPD and prPD regarding DGE adjusted for age, sex and BMI (OR 0.72; 95%-CI: 0.41 to 1.22) and DGE grade (RR 1.01; 95%-CI: 0.64 to 1.57). Regarding other relevant perioperative and postoperative outcome parameters, there were also no significant differences among the two techniques.

Conclusion
This IPD meta-analysis comparing preservation and resection of the pylorus during PD confirmed that the resection of the pylorus is not superior to the pylorus-preserving procedure regarding DGE. The pylorus should therefore be preserved whenever possible. Further RCT are futile, because their results are unlikely to change the pooled estimate for DGE.