bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initiating Mechanical Ventilation in Critically Ill Patients: Case-based Clinical Review
Authors: Bangaru Vivek 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Mechanical Ventilation continues to be an integral part of critical care on which patients with respiratory failure often depend on for their survival. Specific criteria that need to be met to justify initiating MV include a patient dependency assessment, a clinical indication as well as the ventilator settings that are most appropriate. Hypoxemic respiratory failure, hypercapnic respiratory failure and the need for airway protection are the common indications to initiate MV. This review uses case-based to discuss the initiation of MV. Some of the clinical use settings include Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), Pneumonia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) exacerbations, Trauma with altered mental status. Specific scenarios of patients, clinical management and intervention measures are described for every condition to help with the best approach. The review placed special focus on assessment before intubation, the type of mechanical ventilation to choose-VCV or PCV, and the settings to be used: TVs, RR, PEEP and FiO2. Further, it highlights the topic of focussed monitoring, common ventilator problems, and the Weaning phase from MV. The review outlines certain well-documented antecedent knowledge failures of young medicos and also intensivists that need to be corrected in their curriculums for enhancing their ventilator management competencies. Knowledge of MV initiation, strict supervision, and preparation for the cessation of MV is important in order to enhance the results of the patients within the Intensive Care Unit. It is mandatory and more important to see clinical signs like bilateral symmetric chest expansion than looking at the values on the ventilator alone. The presented case-based examples provide practical translation of theoretical information into the clinical practice and enhance the development of the clinical decision-making in the framework of critical care medicine. We definitely need a curriculum integration to decrease the phobia among the new entrants to the intensive care unit whether its medical or paramedical personnel.
Comparison of long-term outcomes of infliximab and adalimumab therapy in biologic-naive patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Durak Muhammed B. , Cagir Yavuz , Yuksel Ilhami 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
To compare the long-term safety and efficacy of Adalimumab (ADA) and Infliximab (IFX) agents in biologic-naive patients with Ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods:
The key focus was on specific outcomes such as the requirement of hospitalization due to UC, colectomy, steroid administration, and severe infections that led to the discontinuation of therapy.

Results:
Anti-TNF treatment was initiated in 208 of the 475 patients with ulcerative colitis. The final study population consisted of 86 biologic-naive patients with UC, including 41 treated with IFX and 45 treated with ADA. No significant differences in treatment details, baseline Mayo scores, risk factors, or demographic features were observed. The ADA group displayed a significantly increased need for steroids (44.4%) compared to the IFX group (14.6%). The UC-associated hospitalization, colectomy, and serious infections were similar between the ADA and IFX groups. Similar outcomes were observed with IFX or ADA as monotherapy or in combination with immunomodulators. The survival analysis revealed IFX had a longer time to secondary loss of response compared to ADA, however, without statistical significance (72.5% versus 46.7%, P = 0.057).

Conclusion:
Our results hint at the likelihood of IFX and ADA presenting similar clinical outcomes as first-time agents in UC. Nonetheless, the need for steroids with ADA should be taken into consideration.
DETECTION OF CO-INFECTION IN DISEASED GUPPY (POECILIA RETICULATA): TETRAHYMENA SP., MYXOBOLUS SP. AND OPPORTUNISTIC BACTERIA
Authors: Urku Cigdem , Meydan Mustafa Kemal 
Published: December 2024

The guppy (Poecilia reticulata) is one of the world's most popular freshwater aquarium fish. The present study aims to determine the cause of mortality in guppies obtained from the ornamental fish farm in Istanbul province and to detect tissue damage. Externally diseased guppies showed sloughing scales and large ulcerative skin lesions on the body surface. Bacteriological inoculation from internal organs was made onto Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA). After incubation, isolated bacteria were identified as Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio parahaemolyticus according to their physiological, morphological, and API 20E profile. As a result of the parasitological examination, Tetrahymena sp. and Myxobolus sp. were found on the skin and intestinal lumen of the diseased guppy, respectively. Histopathologically, cytoplasmic vacuolation in the liver, degeneration, and necrosis of the tubular epithelium and granuloma-like structure in the kidney, vacuolization of epithelial cells in the intestinal lumen, hyperplasia of the gill and Tetrahymena sp. between necrotic muscles were observed. Interestingly, Myxobolus sp. spores were only detected in the intestinal lumen. Co-infection of guppies was determined to cause severe disease with high mortality and tissue damage. The synergistic effects of pathogens may cause more damage to diseased guppies. This report is the first detailed report containing new histopathological findings of tetrahymeniosis and the first detection of Myxobolus sp. in the gut of diseased guppy in Turkey.
UNDERSTANDING THE DRIVERS FOR COMMUNITY-BASED PREVENTION OF AFRICAN SWINE FEVER SPREAD: A CASE STUDY OF KASAWO AND KATOSI SUB COUNTIES, MUKONO DISTRICT, UGANDA
Authors: Biryomumaisho Savino , Otuba Geofrey , Okongo John , Mwiine Frank 
Published: December 2024

Pig production in Uganda is a thriving business as the demand for pork and pork products is increasing. Pork consumption per capita in Uganda is estimated to be 3.5 kg and is considered the highest in Africa. Pig production is, however, limited by several factors, including endemic diseases, particularly African swine fever (ASF), which can result in up to 100% mortality. The factors responsible for ASF outbreaks are poorly understood, especially at farm level. A study conducted in Kasawo and Katosi sub-counties between February and March 2023 aimed to examine biosecurity and husbandry practices on pig farms. A questionnaire was distributed to pig farmers and a Focus Group Discussion (FDG) of animal health care workers was held. Blood samples were collected from pigs of all ages and sex in the two sub counties and ASF virus antibodies were tested using competitive ELISA. Out of the 777 collected blood samples, none was seropositive for ASF virus antibodies. Of the 292 households sampled, 70% kept their pigs indoors, while only 0.7% had fenced enclosures, and 4% had functional foot baths. The FGD revealed that animal health workers, who were on daily calls, carried disinfectants to sanitize their personal protective equipment (PPE) every time they left a farm. The lack of centralized slaughter facilities was identified as a key factor contributing to the spread of the ASF virus, as well as the panic selling of pigs during suspected ASF outbreaks. Sharing boars, purchasing and stocking pigs without veterinary health certification were identified as contributing factors. The results from this study showed that although active ASF infections were not found in pigs, the district experienced ASF outbreaks in the past. The study concluded that educating farmers about the spread and prevention of ASF, ensuring ongoing disinfection of PPE by animal health professionals, and establishing pig slaughter facilities could help eliminate ASF transmission and spread in the area.
Pola Komunikasi Direktur dengan Tutor dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Warga Belajar di Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat (PKBM) Al-Zaytun
Authors: Dimiah Difaul , N. Abdurrozaq Muhammad , Asrof Fitri Ahmad 
Published: December 2024

Komunikasi memiliki peran penting dalam kemajuan suatu organisasi. Ketika sebuah organisasi membangun komunikasi yang baik, maka organisasi tersebut akan berjalan dengan lancar sehingga mencapai tujuan yang diinginkan. Kekurangan atau ketiadaan komunikasi dapat berdampak negatif pada organisasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola komunikasi yang dilakukan direktur dengan tutor dalam meningkatkan motivasi warga belajar di PKBM Al-Zaytun, serta faktor yang mempengaruhi komunikasi, dan hambatan dalam komunikasi direktur dengan tutor. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi, dengan responden sebanyak 12 orang yang terdiri dari direktur, 6 tutor, dan 5 warga belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola komunikasi antara direktur dengan tutor yaitu pola komunikasi rantai, pola Y, dan pola semua saluran. Pola rantai, yang mengalirkan informasi secara terstruktur dari direktur ke koordinator dan kemudian ke tutor. Pola Y, yang memungkinkan interaksi antar anggota dengan komunikasi langsung melalui koordinator. Dan pola semua saluran, yang mendukung pertukaran informasi dan diskusi terbuka di antara semua anggota. Faktor yang mempengaruhi komunikasi yaitu adanya keterampilan komunikasi, sikap komunikator, pengetahuan umum, sistem sosial dan sistem kebudayaan. Adapun hambatan yang ditemui yaitu hambatan semantik, manusiawi dan teknis yang terjadi karena penggunaan media komunikasi. Kesimpulannya, pola komunikasi yang baik antara direktur dan tutor terbukti dapat meningkatkan motivasi warga belajar di PKBM Al-Zaytun. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi bahwa organisasi pendidikan perlu memperhatikan pola komunikasi yang efektif untuk menciptakan lingkungan pembelajaran yang inspiratif.
The influence of mineral nitrogen fertilisers on the formation of winter pea productivity
Authors: Kovalchuk I. V. , Novytska N. V. , Martynov O. M. , Melnychenko V. V. , Chubko O. P. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose. To determine the effect of the method (split application of fertilisers in autumn and spring) of applying the maximum recommended rate of nitrogen fertilisers of 60 kg/ha on the formation of the productivity of winter pea variety ‘NS Moroz’.
Methods. The research was conducted in the fields of Agrofirma Sylchenkove (Talalaiv district, Chernihiv region) in 2022–2023 on podzolized chernozems. The following fertilisation treatments were studied: 1. P45K45 (background); 2. N15P45K45; 3. N15P45K45 + N15; 4. N15P45K45 + N30; 5. N15P45K45 + N45; 6. N30P45K45; 7. N30P45K45 + N15; 8. N30P45K45 + N30; 9. N45P45K45; 10. N45P45K45 + N15; 11. N60P45K45. The sowing area was 25 m2, the recorded area was 20 m2.
Results. The highest yield of winter peas variety ‘NS Moroz’ (3.92 t/ha) on podzole chernozems of the Chernihiv region was formed by applying the start dose (15 kg/ha) of nitrogen mineral fertilisers in the main fertilisation in autumn and 45 kg/ha in the early spring after recovery of vegetation. Nitrogen fertilisers applied in early spring at the rates from 15 to 45 kg/ha against the background of N15P45K45 had a positive effect on the formation of taller winter pea plants with more beans and a higher 1000-kernel weight. The application of nitrogen mineral fertilisers in spring helped to increase the average height of plants by 9.5 cm, the number of beans per plant by 1.6, and the 1000-kernel weight by 19.7 g. The highest protein content in pea grains (23.4%) was provided by the complex application of N15P45K45 in autumn application and N45 in early spring.
Conclusions. To obtain a yield of winter pea on podzolic chernozems of the Chernihiv region at the level of 3.5–4.0 t/ha, it is recommended to apply fertilisers N15P45K45 in autumn during the main tillage and N15–45 in spring.
Evaluating the Feasibility of Sustainable Consumer Behavior Among Generation Z Youth in Almaty
Authors: Satybaldiyeva Dinara , Tymbayeva Zhazira , Kakitayeva Zhazira , Kazhmuratova Aigerim 
Published: December 2024

One of the pressing global challenges today is managing humanity’s unlimited needs with limited resources, emphasizing fostering sustainable consumption. This study aims to identify the key factors influencing adopting sustainable consumption behaviors among Generation Z, an active consumer segment, and evaluate the potential for their transition to sustainable consumption. A survey results, highlighted the primary influences and barriers to sustainable consumer behavior. A survey was conducted among 221 participants from Generation Z, aged 18-23, to examine the key motivators and obstacles to adopting sustainable consumer habits. The findings indicate that Generation Z is positive towards essential prerequisites for sustainable consumption. Furthermore, the study reveals that 85% of the surveyed representatives of Generation Z are familiar with sustainable consumption, and 59% believe that consumers play a crucial role in its promotion. At the same time, 67% of respondents sort waste at least sometimes, and 75% save water and energy. It concludes that, with proper support and encouragement, Generation Z could play a pivotal role in promoting and adopting sustainable consumption practices, contributing to broader sustainability goals. These insights guide efforts to promote sustainable consumption for policymakers and educators and inform the development of targeted strategies that resonate with this demographic's unique perspectives. The present study was conducted among participants from the city of Almaty, and further research could focus on other large cities and rural areas of Kazakhstan.
<span style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;"><strong>Biện pháp quản lý hoạt động giáo dục kỹ năng sống cho học sinh trung học phổ thông&nbsp;ở quận Ninh Kiều, thành phố Cần Thơ</strong></span>
Authors: Trần Minh Xuân 
Published: December 2024

Quản lý hoạt động giáo dục kỹ năng sống cho học sinh là rèn cho học sinh có được những hành vi lành mạnh, giúp học sinh có kinh nghiệm trong cuộc sống và hình thành ở học sinh các giá trị văn hoá con người trong thời đại hiện nay, tạo cho học sinh nền tảng vững chắc khi chuyển qua một môi trường mới và quan hệ mới. Để có cơ sở cho các trường trung học phổ thông trên địa bàn quận Ninh Kiều, thành phố Cần Thơ đề xuất các biện pháp quản lý hoạt động giáo dục kỹ năng sống cho học sinh có tính khả thi, chúng tôi đã tiến hành đánh giá thực trạng quản lý hoạt động giáo dục kỹ năng sống cho học sinh tại 4 trường trung học phổ thông trên địa bàn quận Ninh Kiều, thành phố Cần Thơ thông qua việc khảo sát ý kiến cán bộ quản lý, giáo viên, phụ huynh và học sinh bằng phiếu hỏi theo thang đo Likert 5 mức độ. Kết quả khảo sát cho thấy, công tác quản lý hoạt động giáo dục kỹ năng sống cho học sinh trung học phổ thông trên địa bàn trong thời gian qua đã được quan tâm và đạt được nhiều kết quả nhất định; tuy nhiên, vẫn còn có những điểm tồn tại và hạn chế cần phải giải quyết, khắc phục góp phần nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục trung học phổ thông ở địa phương trong thời gian tới. Trên cơ sở đó, bài viết đề xuất 07 biện pháp nhằm góp phần nâng cao hiệu quả quản lý hoạt động giáo dục kỹ năng sống cho học sinh tại các trường trung học phổ thông quận Ninh Kiều, thành phố Cần Thơ.
Telepsychiatry implementation in Qatar: A three-year analysis of no-show rates and its impact on mental health service delivery
Authors: Wadoo Ovais , Khan Faisal , Latoo Javed , Khan Yasser Saeed , Chandra Prem , Iqbal Yousaf , Amro Raed , Reagu Shuja , Alabdulla Majid 
Published: December 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a rapid shift to telehealth and reshaped healthcare delivery worldwide. In Qatar, telehealth has emerged as a critical tool for ensuring uninterrupted care while minimizing the spread of viruses. However, its long-term efficacy, particularly in mental health services, is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to address this gap by evaluating the post-pandemic impact of telehealth on the accessibility of mental health services in Qatar.

Methods: We conducted a comparative analysis of no-show rates over a four-month period before the initiation of telepsychiatry and telepsychology (March to June 2019) and corresponding periods in 2020, 2021, and 2022. The analysis considered visit types (new visit and follow-up visit) in various psychiatric (child and adolescent, adult, geriatric, forensic, and intellectual disability) and psychological outpatient clinics before and after the implementation of telehealth services.

Results: Among both new and follow-up cases, there was a significant reduction (p < 0.0001) in the collective proportion of no-show rates following the introduction of telehealth compared to the rates recorded before the implementation. Exceptions to this trend were appointments in child and adolescent mental health service psychology and forensic psychiatric services.

Conclusion: Telehealth has proven instrumental in improving access to mental health services in Qatar post-pandemic. Its integration shows the potential for reducing no-show rates and enhancing continuity of care. These findings are important for healthcare policy-making and practice in Qatar and provide valuable insights into the global discourse on the evolving role of telehealth.
Respiratory syncytial virus: A review of current basic and clinical knowledge
Authors: Al-leimon Obada , Shihadeh Hani , Yousef Ahmad Ayman , Khraim Anas , Siwwad Rizeq 
Published: December 2024

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a highly contagious pathogen known for causing respiratory tract infections, particularly among pediatric and elderly patients. Its ability to induce outbreaks in both community and hospital settings underscores its substantial health burden. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of RSV, including its biological and clinical aspects.
Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for relevant articles. Key topics included RSV virology, epidemiology, clinical findings, diagnostic methods, management approaches, and preventive strategies.
Results: This review encompasses the taxonomy and structure of RSV, including its genome and proteins. Various strains and their dominance patterns, alongside pathogenesis mechanisms, are explored. Diagnostic techniques such as nucleic acid amplification tests are discussed for their efficacy and accessibility. Supportive care remains the primary treatment, with antiviral therapies playing a limited role. Monoclonal antibody immunization and vaccination efforts offer promising avenues for RSV prevention. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on RSV epidemiology is also considered, along with the oncolytic potential of RSV in cancer treatment.
Conclusion: Advancements in understanding RSV virology, epidemiology, and clinical management have paved the way for improved diagnostic and preventive strategies. However, challenges remain in ensuring widespread access to diagnostics and effective treatments, particularly in resource-limited settings. Continued research and global collaboration are essential for addressing the ongoing impact of RSV and reducing its burden on public health.
Evaluation of the association of some circulating miRNA molecules in the metabolic syndrome
Authors: Gouda Weaam , Ahmed Abd El-Haleem , Mohamed Abou El-Hamd H. , Abou-Ellail Mohamed , Afify Mie , Hamimy W.I. , Abdelmaksoud Mohamed D.E. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of including miRNA-371 and miRNA-143 in the early detection and diagnosis of the extent of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in obese patients by measuring the expression of miRNA-143 and miRNA-371 in metabolically and pre-metabolically obese individuals and comparing the results with metabolically healthy obese controls. In addition, the study aimed to assess the correlation between the two types of miRNA and the criteria of MetS.
Methods: The expression levels of miRNA-143 and miRNA-371 were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for 135 obese patients who were divided into the following three different categories based on metabolic criteria: 1) metabolic syndrome obese (MetS) group, 2) pre-metabolic syndrome obese (PreMetS) group, and 3) metabolically healthy obese (MHO) group.
Results: The results indicated a significant association of miRNA-143 and miRNA-371 with the MetS group compared with the PreMetS and MHO groups. As a result, the correlation analysis for these miRNAs revealed a large association with the results of the analysis for various factors, especially with regard to fasting glucose and lipid profiles in the MetS group.
Conclusion: There was an association between obesity and MetS. This study was able to establish the role of miRNA-371 and miRNA-143 molecules in metabolically obese individuals. Therefore, by tracking the regulatory pathway of these molecules and expanding the understanding of the process of regulation and interference with the various metabolic pathways, this study could provide a deeper analysis and understanding of the MetS in obesity and the molecular causes leading to it.
Pelatihan Pengemasan dan Strategi Pemasaran Ikan Asap Tuna di Kecamatan Bontotiro Kabupaten Bulukumba
Authors: Wahyuddin Wahyuddin , Rahim Abdul Rahman , Arifin Andi Harmoko 
Published: December 2024

Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pelaku usaha UMKM ikan asap melalui kegiatan pelatihan pengemasan dan strategi pemasaran ikan asap tuna pada UMKM Ikan Asap. Progam PkM dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra yang memiliki kesulitan pada proses pengemasan yang dapat tahan lama serta terkendala strategi pemasaran, dimana pelaku UMKM hanya mampu menjual produknya dalam skala lokal. Kegiatan PKM ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Bontotiro Kabupaten Bulukumba pada Bulan Juni Tahun 2024, Mitra kegiatan ini adalah Poklahsar Binaan Dinas Perikanan dan Kecamatan Bontotiro Kabupaten Bulukumba dengan sararan yaitu masyarakat pelaku usaha ikan asap. Pelaksanakan kegiatan dilakukan melalui pemberikan materi dengan metode seminar, ceramah, dan pelatihan. Hasil kegiatan menyimpulkan bahwa kegiatan PKM ini dapat meningkatkan kemampuan dan keterampilan pelaku usaha ikan asap dalam melakukan pengemasan serta pemasaran terhadap produk ikan asap tuna. Tingkat kepuasan dan pemahaman terkait materi edukasi produk perikanan dalam kemasan sebesar 87,5%, tingkat kepuasan dan pemahaman terkait materi digital marketing sebesar 90%, tingkat kepuasan dan pemahaman terkait materi praktek kemasan yang baik sebesar 85%, tingkat kepuasan terhadap pelaksanaan kegiatansebesar 92,5%, dan tingkat kepuasan terhadap sarana dan fasilitas pelaksanaan kegiatan sebesar 92,5%.