bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the Influence of Surface Contamination on the Electric Field Distribution of Insulators
Authors: Li Xingcai , Liu Yingge , Wang Juan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Atmospheric particle adsorption on insulator surfaces, coupled with humid environments, significantly affects contamination flashover, necessitating a clear understanding of the electric field distribution on insulator surfaces with adsorbed particles. This is crucial for accurately assessing insulator safety and informing critical decision -making. Although previous research has demonstrated that particle arrangement significantly influences the electric field distribution around transmission lines, an in-depth analysis of its effects on insulator surfaces remains lacking. To address this gap, this study establishes a composite insulator model to examine how three types of spherical contamination layers affect the electric field distribution on insulator surfaces under varying environmental conditions. The results reveal that in dry environments, the electric field strength at the apex of single-particle contamination layers increases with the particle size and relative permittivity. For the double-particle contamination layers, the electric field intensity on the insulator surface decreases as the particle spacing increases, and larger particles are more likely to attract smaller charged particles. For triple-particle contamination layers arranged in a triangular pattern, the maximum surface field strength is nearly double that of the chain-arranged particles. Furthermore, within the chain-arranged triple-particle contamination layers, a large-small-large size arrangement has a more pronounced impact on the surface electric field than a small-large-small size arrangement. In humid environments, the surface electric field strength of insulators decreases with increasing contamination levels. These findings are of significant theoretical and practical importance for ensuring the safe operation of power systems.
Coherence-protected operations in a hybrid superconducting circuit-magnon system
Authors: Zhu Le-Tian , Zhu Xing-Yu , Yue Zhu-Cheng , Tu Tao , Li Chuan-Feng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hybrid systems consisting of superconducting circuits and magnon systems are a promising platform for quantum technology. However, realizing high-fidelity magnon state preparation and manipulation remains an outstanding challenge due to the complexity of interactions and noise sources in hybrid systems. Here, we propose a coherence-preserving magnon state manipulation scheme. By engineering a superconducting-magnon coupling pulse and combining it with dynamical decoupling pulses, we design a composite pulse sequence. We demonstrate the manipulation and preparation of non-classical states of magnons with a fidelity of up to 98% under realistic conditions. These designs significantly improve the fidelity of manipulation and robustness to noise in hybrid systems compared to existing schemes. These results pave the way for practical applications of quantum magnonics platforms.
Channel competition in the dissociation of ammonia clusters (n ≤ 5) induced by femtosecond laser fields
Authors: Yang Tao , Zhang Xinyu , Li Xing , Li Wankai , Wei Menghao , Zhang Dongdong , He Lanhai , Ding Dajun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We investigated the ionization and dissociation processes of ammonia clusters ranging from dimer to pentamer induced by 800 nm femtosecond laser fields. Time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectra of the ammonia clusters were recorded over a range of laser intensities from 2.1 × 1012 to 5.6 × 1012 W/cm2. The protonated ion signals dominate the spectra, which is consistent with the stability of the geometric structures. The ionization and dissociation channels of ammonia clusters are discussed. The competition and switching among observed dissociation channels are revealed by analyzing the variations in the relative ionic yields of specific protonated and unprotonated clusters under different laser intensities. These results indicate that the ionization of the neutral multiple-ammonia units, produced through the dissociation of cluster ions, may start to contribute, as well as the additional processes to consume protonated ions and/or produce unprotonated ions induced by the femtosecond laser fields when the laser intensity is above ~4 × 1012 W/cm2. These findings provide deeper insights into the ionization and dissociation dynamics in multi-photon ionization experiments involving ammonia clusters.
Experimental investigation of process parameters of cold metal transfer welding in vertical direction deposition of stainless-steel using response surface methodology
Authors: Prasad Rajendra , Yuvaraj N , Bajpai Tapas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Weld quality is primarily determined by the mechanical characteristics of the heat-affected zone and the weld metal. The particular welding technique and related process parameters directly affect these attributes. Some of the most important parameters that affect the shape of the bead are the welding speed, current, flow rate of the shielding gas, contact tip-work distance, and type of shielding gas used. The influence of various process parameters on the welding of stainless steel 304 plates utilising vertical cold metal transfer welding technique with a stainless-steel 308 L wire of 1.2 mm diameter was investigated in this research. Using the Central Composite Design method of Response Surface Methodology, a number of experiments were done to gather information. The mathematical models were created based on the recorded data. Using response surface technology, an attempt has also been made to maximise the bead width, height, and microhardness. Bead width, bead height, and microhardness had maximum values of 7.35 mm, 2.30 mm, and 217.68 HV0.5, according to the study’s findings. The best input parameters after investigation are 247.33 A current, 56 cm min−1 travel speed, and 20.6 l/min shielding gas flow rate.
Establishing Convergent Validity of the FACE-Q Aesthetics Module Scales
Authors: Gallo Lucas , Kim Patrick , Churchill Isabella , Rae Charlene , Voineskos Sophocles H , Thoma Achilles , Pusic Andrea L , Cano Stefan J , Klassen Anne F 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
FACE-Q Aesthetics scales can be used to assess patient-important outcomes following both surgical and nonsurgical facial cosmetic interventions. Convergent validity is the degree to which the scores of one measurement relate to another measuring a similar construct.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to establish the convergent validity of 11 FACE-Q Aesthetics appearance scales vs the MERZ Aesthetics (Raleigh, NC) scales.

Methods
Data were collected from an online international sample of participants aged ≥20 years, who had presented to a dermatologist or plastic surgeon within the previous 12 months for a minimally invasive facial aesthetic treatment. Participants provided demographic and clinical data and completed 11 FACE-Q Aesthetics scales and 12 MERZ Aesthetics scales. Hypotheses regarding the strength of correlations between these scales were generated a priori. Adequate convergent validity was based on the percentage of correct hypotheses (&gt;75%) and/or correlation ≥0.50 with an instrument measuring a similar construct.

Results
In total, 1259 participants were included in this survey. The mean [standard deviation] age of the participants was 42.6 [11.9] years old, and most were female (72.5%), Caucasian (76.9%), and living in the United States (49.9%) or the United Kingdom (42.9%). FACE-Q Lines Overall, Lower Face and Jawline, Appraisal of Lines—Forehead/Between Eyebrows/Crow's Feet/Lips/Nasolabial Folds/Marionette, and Lips scales demonstrated adequate convergent validity with patient-reported MERZ Aesthetics scales. The FACE-Q Face Overall and Cheeks scales did not show adequate convergent validity.

Conclusions
This study provides evidence of convergent validity for FACE-Q Aesthetics appearance scales. Establishing the validity of these scales remains an iterative process and further studies comparing the FACE-Q to other related measurement tools are required to strengthen this evidence.

Level of Evidence: 4 (Diagnostic)
BACT: nonparametric Bayesian cell typing for single-cell spatial transcriptomics data
Authors: Yan Yinqiao , Luo Xiangyu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The spatial transcriptomics is a rapidly evolving biological technology that simultaneously measures the gene expression profiles and the spatial locations of spots. With progressive advances, current spatial transcriptomic techniques can achieve the cellular or even the subcellular resolution, making it possible to explore the fine-grained spatial pattern of cell types within one tissue section. However, most existing cell spatial clustering methods require a correct specification of the cell type number, which is hard to determine in the practical exploratory data analysis. To address this issue, we present a nonparametric Bayesian model BACT to perform BAyesian Cell Typing by utilizing gene expression information and spatial coordinates of cells. BACT incorporates a nonparametric Potts prior to induce neighboring cells’ spatial dependency, and, more importantly, it can automatically learn the cell type number directly from the data without prespecification. Evaluations on three single-cell spatial transcriptomic datasets demonstrate the better performance of BACT than competing spatial cell typing methods. The R package and the user manual of BACT are publicly available at https://github.com/yinqiaoyan/BACT.
‘Pregnancy and birth are uncertain anyway’: Practitioner perspectives on problems encountered by migrant ethnic minority women
Authors: O’Callaghan Niav , Garrett Paul Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While it is generally accepted that the support provided to women during the perinatal phase is of vital significance, many fail to receive such support. Migrant ethnic minority women are particularly affected by the shortcomings in service provision despite, in many instances, their already having experienced issues connected to displacement, stigma, racism, and associated social inequalities. With a specific focus on the Republic of Ireland, this article examines perinatal mental health in relation to this group of women and aims to explore underpinning factors of structurally generated discriminatory treatment. In this context, we draw on practitioner accounts from a small, exploratory empirical study.
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles: a promising candidate for wound healing applications
Authors: Nosrati Hamed , Heydari Morteza 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Effective wound management and treatment are crucial in clinical practice, yet existing strategies often fall short in fully addressing the complexities of skin wound healing. Recent advancements in tissue engineering have introduced innovative approaches, particularly through the use of nanobiomaterials, to enhance the healing process. In this context, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have garnered attention due to their excellent biological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Furthermore, these nanoparticles can be modified to enhance their therapeutic benefits. Scaffolds and dressings containing TiO2 NPs have demonstrated promising outcomes in accelerating wound healing and enhancing tissue regeneration. This review paper covers the wound healing process, the biological properties of TiO2 NPs that make them suitable for promoting wound healing, methods for synthesizing TiO2 NPs, the use of scaffolds and dressings containing TiO2 NPs in wound healing, the application of modified TiO2 NPs in wound healing, and the potential toxicity of TiO2 NPs.
Aiming for precision: personalized medicine through sepsis subtyping
Authors: Kolodyazhna Aryna , Wiersinga W Joost , van der Poll Tom 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
According to the latest definition, sepsis is characterized by life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to an infection. However, this definition fails to grasp the heterogeneous nature and the underlying dynamic pathophysiology of the syndrome. In response to this heterogeneity, efforts have been made to stratify sepsis patients into subtypes, either based on their clinical presentation or pathophysiological characteristics. Subtyping introduces the possibility of the implementation of personalized medicine, whereby each patient receives treatment tailored to their individual disease manifestation. This review explores the currently known subtypes, categorized by subphenotypes and endotypes, as well as the treatments that have been researched thus far in the context of sepsis subtypes and personalized medicine.
Parasitic public memory: #ReclaimTheRainbow and the symbology of conservative victimhood
Authors: Studebaker M Aubrey , Whiteside Amy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Drawing from Larson and McHendry’s (2019) concept of “parasitic publics,” this article examines how proponents of dominant culture reify their power by constructing memory narratives that co-opt rhetorics of victimhood and recast marginalized populations as their oppressors, a phenomenon we term “parasitic public memory.” Through analyzing the #ReclaimTheRainbow movement in which Christian conservatives position themselves as victims of queer communities’ symbolic appropriation of the rainbow, we identify three rhetorical functions of parasitic public memory narratives: the establishment of authority that declares the existence of a threat to the dominant social imaginary, militant calls to action that frame the dominant group’s oppression of actual marginalized groups as righteous resistance, and the advancement of co-constitutive ideologies that reify the dominant social imaginary.
TBFL: blockchain-enabled trusted byzantine-robust federated learning framework for photovoltaic power generation forecasting
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wang Liangliang , Luo Yiyuan , Zhang Kai , Long Yu , Chen Kefei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Precise forecasting of photovoltaic (PV) power generation upholds flexibility and reliability within the power grid. Due to the data security dilemma of previous forecasting methods, federated learning (FL) has been widely studied for its ability to train models without sharing training data. However, the incorrect behavior from untrusted devices and servers in traditional FL frameworks can undermine the integrity of the global model, precipitating inaccurate power generation forecasting. Therefore, we propose a blockchain-enabled trusted Byzantine-robust FL framework, called TBFL, designed for decentralized and privacy-preserving PV power generation forecasting. Specifically, this framework features a trusted supervision mechanism, which can effectively eliminate malicious gradients to achieve a high-quality model. In addition, a multilevel differential privacy scheme is designed to strike a balance between privacy protection and model accuracy. Finally, a model clipping algorithm based on neuronal similarity is implemented to optimize both the duration and consumption associated with local device training. Comprehensive experimental outcomes demonstrate that the framework TBFL can successfully improve robustness, and achieve similar efficiency as FedAvg while maintaining a high forecasting accuracy.
Telemedicine in cancer care: lessons from COVID-19 and solutions for Europe
Authors: Gottlob Anita , Schmitt Tugce , Frydensberg Morten Sønderskov , Rosińska Magdalena , Leclercq Victoria , Habimana Katharina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic challenged healthcare delivery, especially cancer care. Telemedicine emerged as an important tool to reduce disease transmission risks, maintain continuity of care, and improve accessibility. This study explores temporary measures during the pandemic as well as challenges and facilitators for integrating telemedicine into the European healthcare landscape in five case countries, focusing on cancer care. Expert interviews were conducted in five EU countries with diverse health systems: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Italy, and Poland. A thematic analysis was performed. Themes were further explored related to regulatory changes during COVID-19 as well as barriers and facilitators to telemedicine implementation. COVID-19 accelerated telemedicine uptake and processes (i.e. regulations, reimbursement) in all case countries. Acceptance of telemedicine increased among healthcare professionals and patients. Post-pandemic telemedicine use and acceptance declined to pre-pandemic levels in some countries and was attributed to several factors including preferences for in-person visits. Overall, persistent barriers were identified by all country experts including lack of standardized policies, data privacy concerns, technological infrastructure issues, and digital literacy gaps. Telemedicine was validated by all country experts as an important tool to enhance cancer care access and efficiency and to help maintaining continuity of cancer care during crises. Our findings highlight some overlapping barriers and suggest solutions to overcome these barriers across the selected countries. Recommendations for policymakers are listed, emphasizing the importance of telemedicine services in improving healthcare access, efficiency, and resilience. Future research should incorporate diverse population studies, patient perspectives, cost-effectiveness, and policy impacts.
Subtilosin A production is influenced by surfactin levels in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Dinesen Caja , Vertot Manca , Jarmusch Scott A , Lozano-Andrade Carlos N , Andersen Aaron J C , Kovács Ákos T 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Although not essential for their growth, the production of secondary metabolites increases the fitness of the producing microorganisms in their natural habitat by enhancing establishment, competition, and nutrient acquisition. The Gram-positive soil-dwelling bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, produces a variety of secondary metabolites. Here, we investigated the regulatory relationship between the non-ribosomal peptide surfactin and the sactipeptide bacteriocin subtilosin A. We discovered that B. subtilis mutants lacking surfactin production exhibited higher production of subtilosin A compared to their parental wild-type strain. Additionally, spatial visualization of B. subtilis production of metabolites demonstrated that surfactin secreted by a wild-type colony could suppress subtilosin A production in an adjacent mutant colony lacking surfactin production. Reporter assays were performed using mutants in specific transcriptional regulators, which confirmed the role of ResD as an activator of the subtilosin A encoding biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC), while the removal of Rok and AbrB repressors increased the expression of the BGC, which was further enhanced by additional deletion of surfactin, suggesting that a so-far-unidentified regulator might mediate the influence of surfactin on production of subtilosin A. Our study reveals a regulatory influence of one secondary metabolite on another, highlighting that the function of secondary metabolites could be more complex than its influence on other organisms and interactions among secondary metabolites could also contribute to their ecological significance.
Evolutionary and Functional Analysis of Monoamine Oxidase F: A Novel Member of the Monoamine Oxidase Gene Family
Authors: Merello Oyarzún Gianluca , Olivares-Costa Montserrat , Basile Lorenzo , Pástor Tammy P , Mendoza-Soto Pablo , Padilla-Santiago Luis , Mardones Gonzalo A , Binda Claudia , Opazo Juan C 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The monoamine oxidase (MAO) gene family encodes for enzymes that perform the oxidative deamination of monoamines, a process required to degrade norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, and other amines. While mammalian MAO enzymes, MAO A and MAO B, have been extensively studied, the molecular properties of the other family members are only partly uncovered. This study aims to explore the evolution of MAOs, emphasizing understanding of the MAO gene repertoire among vertebrates. Our analyses show that the duplication that gave rise to MAO A and MAO B occurred in the ancestor of tetrapods, between 408 and 352 million years ago. Nontetrapod jawed vertebrates possess the ancestral preduplicative condition of MAO A/B. Our results also identified a new family member, MAO F, in nontetrapod jawed vertebrates. Thus, most jawed vertebrates possess a repertoire of two MAO genes, MAO A and MAO B in tetrapods and MAO A/B and MAO F in nontetrapod jawed vertebrates, representing different MAO gene lineages. Jawless vertebrates possess the ancestral condition of a single copy gene, MAO A/B/F. Enzymatic assays conducted on the MAO recombinant enzymes of the Indo-Pacific tarpon show that both proteins, MAO A/B and MAO F, have enzymatic and molecular properties more similar to human MAO A, with the former featuring a strikingly higher activity rate when compared with all other MAO enzymes. Our analyses underscore the importance of scanning the tree of life for new gene lineages to understand phenotypic diversity and gain detailed insights into their function.
VaWRKY65 contributes to cold tolerance through dual regulation of soluble sugar accumulation and reactive oxygen species scavenging in Vitis amurensis
Authors: Meng Lin , Zhou Huimin , Tan Lisha , Li Qingyun , Hou Yujun , Li Wenjuan , Kafle Subash , Liang Ju , Aryal Rishi , Liang Zhenchang , Xin Haiping 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Although the significance of some plant WRKYs in response to cold stress have been identified, the molecular mechanisms of most WRKYs remain unclear in grapevine. In this study, we demonstrate that cold-induced expression of VaBAM3 in Vitis amurensis executes a beneficial role in enhancing resistance by the regulating starch decomposition. VaWRKY65 was identified as an upstream transcriptional activator of VaBAM3 through yeast one-hybrid library screening and validated to directly interacts with the W-box region inside the VaBAM3 promoter. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants and grapevine roots overexpression VaWRKY65 exhibited improved cold tolerance along with higher BAM activity and soluble sugar levels, whereas opposite changes were observed in VaWRKY65 knockdown lines created by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in grapevine plants and in the knockout wrky65 mutants generated by CRISPR/Cas9 technology in grapevine roots. The transcriptome data show that overexpression of VaWRKY65 led to significant alteration of a diverse set of stress-related genes at the transcriptional level. One of the genes, Peroxidase 36 (VaPOD36) was further verified as a direct target of VaWRKY65. Consistently, VaWRKY65-overexpressing plants had higher VaPOD36 transcript levels and POD activity but a reduced ROS level, while silencing VaWRKY65 results in contrary changes. Collectively, these results reveal that VaWRKY65 enhanced cold tolerance through modulating soluble sugars produced from starch breakdown and ROS scavenging.