bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of an Innovative Embedding and Cooling Component in the Critical Steps of Fragmented Tissue Pathological Diagnosis
Authors: Huang Xin , Wang Yuhuan , Ye Meihua , Fang Qingquan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to explore the application value of an innovative embedding and cooling component in the critical steps of fragmented tissue pathological diagnosis. Eighty small and fragmented tissue samples were collected and randomly divided into two groups. The embedding qualification rate and embedding efficiency were compared between the two groups. Seventy cases of fragmented tissue were collected, with three pieces of fragmented tissue taken from each case. The samples were randomly divided into three groups for sectioning. The wrinkle‐free scores and sectioning efficiency were compared between different cooling methods. The embedding qualification rate was 90.0% in the embedding tweezer group, which was lower than 98.8% in the innovative component group (χ2 = 4.24, p < 0.05). The average embedding time per sample was 25.08 ± 4.61 s in the embedding tweezer group, which was significantly longer than the 16.69 ± 3.54 s in the innovative component group (t = 12.91, p < 0.001). The wrinkle‐free section scores were 8.24 ± 0.69 in the small ice block cooling group, 8.11 ± 0.74 in the freezing platform cooling group, and 8.85 ± 0.65 in the innovative component cooling group, with the innovative component cooling group scoring significantly higher than the other two groups (q = 7.40, 8.98, p < 0.01). The innovative component cooling group had a shorter average sectioning time than the other two groups (q = 3.12, 26.75, p < 0.05, 0.01). The use of the innovative embedding and cooling component optimizes the embedding and sectioning steps in the pathological diagnosis of fragmented tissue. This method is worthy of promotion and application.
A New Marine Epizoic Diatom, Ceratanaulus alaris sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae), From Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the Southwest Coast of China
Authors: Huang Longjia , Sun Lin , Liang Junrong , Gao Yahui , Chen Changping 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDiatoms (Bacillariophyceae) are diverse and abundant microalgae, and many of them are found in marine intertidal environments. Here, we present a new marine epizoic diatom isolated from Euspira gilva Philippi in intertidal area of Beihai city, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, named Ceratanaulus alaris L.J. Huang, Y.H. Gao & C.P. Chen sp. nov. Using light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), we observed and described the morphology of C. alaris in detail. The valve center of C. alaris features a rimoportula with an external tube. The most notable characters in C. alaris are wing‐like structures on both sides of the central tube. These structures extend from the central tube to the horn‐like protrusions at the valve apices, with fissures evenly distributed on the wing‐like structures. In this study, we compared the morphological structures of the new species with other species in the genus Ceratanaulus Górecka, Witkowski, Dabek & Ashworth, enhancing the understanding of the ultrastructure of C. alaris and facilitating the differentiation of this species from closely related taxa. The genus, Ceratanaulus, is newly recorded in China, thereby expanding the known geographical distribution of the genus.
Shifting Patterns of Ethiopian MAM Rainfall: Effects of Sea Surface Temperature and Atmospheric Circulation (1981–2022)
Authors: Waza Mulualem Abera , Zhu Weijun , Teshome Asaminew 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTUnderstanding seasonal rainfall patterns and variability is crucial for managing water resources, pastoral and agricultural activities in Ethiopia, an especially climate‐vulnerable country. This study examines trends in March–April–May (MAM) rainfall from 1981 to 2022, emphasising the relationships between climate indices, atmospheric circulation patterns, and variations in precipitation. By utilising daily CHIRPS rainfall data and monthly sea surface temperature (SST), sea level pressure (SLP) and other reanalysis datasets, we applied extreme indices analysis, correlation analysis and Student's t‐tests to compare climate factors and rainfall during two distinct periods 1(981–2001 and 2002–2022) and assess changes relative to the 1991–2020 long‐term mean. Our findings reveal a notable shift towards warmer sea surface temperature (SST) phases in key ocean basins, with significant positive correlations (r > 0.45, p < 0.05) between Ethiopian MAM rainfall and SSTs in the Mediterranean, Northwest Pacific, Northern Atlantic and Western Indian Ocean. Precipitation patterns shifted from above‐average to below‐average rainfall, aligning with opposite trends in the tropical central Indian Ocean. A long‐term trend analysis revealed a marked decrease in rainy days across northeast, east, central, south and southeastern Ethiopia during 2002–2022, with an increase in consecutive dry days and a decrease in consecutive wet days, with statistical significance at the 95% confidence level. The period from 2002 to 2022 was characterised by La Niña‐like conditions and a negative Pacific Decadal Oscillation, which had a considerable impact on rainfall patterns. Changes in large‐scale atmospheric circulation reduced moisture transport to Ethiopia, leading to drier conditions. These findings enhance our understanding of Ethiopian rainfall variability and its drivers, crucial for improving early warning systems and developing climate adaptation strategies in the region.
Turbulent mixing layers and associated diffusive fluxes across the epilimnion and metalimnion in stratified large Lake Biwa
Authors: Homma Hikaru , Masunaga Eiji , Ostrovsky Ilia , Yamazaki Hidekatsu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStratification and turbulent mixing have an immense impact on biogeochemical regimes and ecosystem dynamics in stratified large lakes. This study investigates the physical properties of the epi‐ and metalimnion of Lake Biwa (Japan), focusing on the persistent vertical diffusive fluxes due to turbulent mixing in the lower metalimnion and their effects on upward nitrate transport. We conducted 24‐h observations at an offshore station in the summer for three consecutive years to examine the temporal and vertical variations of stratification and turbulence. A mooring system provided long‐term data on stratification and current velocity, while thermal profiles along two offshore transects were collected to investigate lateral changes. Our findings revealed strong stratification in the upper metalimnion, where vertical diffusive fluxes were essentially suppressed. Distinct turbulent mixing layers were identified near the water surface and within the moderately stratified lower metalimnion. Field data and numerical model suggested that the turbulence in the lower metalimnion was driven by shear instability, straining, and/or wave–wave interactions linked with the persistent internal waves that occur even during weak winds. Vertical eddy diffusivity of > 10−5 m2 s−1 in the lower metalimnion was associated with rather strong turbulence, which has not been reported in other large lakes. The elevated turbulence resulted in an upward nitrate flux of 0.2 mmol N m−2 d−1 across the lower metalimnion, indicating that the upward nutrient transport could support primary productivity and play an important ecological role in deep stratified lakes.
Synthesis of Controlled Chain Length Formyl Oligo‐p‐Phenylenes, Studies of Physical and Cellular Imaging Behavior
Authors: Bag Kingshuk , Jayaraman Narayanaswamy 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSynthesis of chain length‐controlled oligo‐p‐phenylenes, formylation through post‐functionalization, photophysical and biochemical properties are described herein. Synthesis of oligo‐p‐phenylene oligomers with controlled chain length is facilitated by using multivalent dendritic PdII catalysts. Suzuki–Miyaura oligomerization of bromo/iodophenylboronic acids in H2O:THF (3:1) solutions, mediated by one to three generations of poly(propyl ether imine) (PETIM) dendritic catalysts, leads to oligomers with degree of polymerization (DP) 14–26. Upon synthesis, the oligomers are subjected to formylation with the aid of Vilsmeier–Haack reaction. The resulting formylated oligomers are soluble in organic solvents and aqueous solutions, thereby permitting a series of studies to be conducted solution. A Stokes shift of ~70 nm occurs in the emission spectrum of the formylated oligomer (λem = 470; λem = 340) and a quantum yield of 12% in MeOH solution. The particle sizes vary between 100 nm in MeOH and 410 nm in 25% MeOH in water solution. The functionalized oligomers show morphological features, primarily consisting of twisted rod‐like morphologies. The cytotoxicities of functionalized oligomer with DP14 are adjudged to be 85 and 105 μg mL−1 in HEK293 and HeLa cells. The emission behavior of the functionalized oligo‐p‐phenylenes is taken advantage to assess the cellular imaging properties of HEK293 and HeLa cells.
Performance of Risk‐Stratification Scores for Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in a Multi‐Ethnic Asian Population
Authors: Jiang Haowen , Tan Ju Le , Ruan Wen , Hon Jin Shing , Ismail Aidila , Lim Chee Lan , Perumal Sumathy , Koh Michelle , Sewa Duu Wen , Phua Ghee Chee , Oh Ying Zi , Ng Sue‐Ann , Hong Cassandra , Low Andrea , Lim Soo Teik , Yap Jonathan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTGuidelines recommend risk stratification of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients to guide management. There are currently several risk stratification scores available, which have largely been validated in various pulmonary hypertension registries in the West but not in Asia. We aim to study the performance of these different risk scores in PAH patients from a multi‐ethnic Asian population. A retrospective review of all PAH patients from Jan 2014 to Jun 2021 from a tertiary cardiac center was performed. Mortality outcomes were obtained from national registries. Using the 2022 ESC/ERS, REVEAL Lite 2.0 and COMPERA 2.0 risk scores, patients were classified into different risk strata at baseline and at follow‐up and changes in any risk strata recorded. The prognosis of patients based on these factors was compared. A total of 153 patients (mean age: 57 ± 17 years; 117 women; 94 Chinese, 33 Malay, 19 Indian) were included. All three scores showed significant difference in mortality outcomes between the different risk strata both at baseline and at follow‐up (p < 0.05), with the highest risk group showing the highest mortality. Patients who worsened to or remained at intermediate/high‐risk generally had a worse prognosis than those who remained stable at or improved to low‐risk strata. The 2022 ESC/ERS and COMPERA 2.0 risk scores had C‐statistics of 0.73 (0.58–0.88) and 0.80 (0.72–0.88), respectively, for predicting 1‐year mortality. Serial risk stratification is a useful tool in prognosticating Asian PAH patients and may play an important role in guiding therapeutic management.
Stairway to impact or highway to failure? A cognitive perspective on business model design processes in nascent sustainable ventures
Authors: Esau Eduard , Kannegießer Christina Lara , Reppmann Manuel , Piening Erk P. , Edinger‐Schons Laura Marie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractResearch SummarySustainable new ventures seeking to tackle grand challenges such as climate change or biodiversity loss through new business models face the difficult task of reconciling social and ecological goals with profit. To provide a better understanding of how founders balance such tensions and develop viable business models, this longitudinal case study traces the evolution of business models in six nascent sustainable ventures. We find that depending on the founding team's cognitive configuration (i.e., narrow vs. paradoxical), sustainable new ventures develop business models along two alternative paths. Reflecting different approaches to business model design in terms of what is done, how it is done, and when it is done, these trajectories explain why some ventures survive beyond the proof‐of‐concept phase while others do not.Managerial SummaryOur study of six sustainable new ventures provides several insights for entrepreneurs on creating viable business models that meet social, ecological, and commercial goals. Founders should pursue a patient, experimental approach to business model design, avoiding early commitments while seeking stakeholder feedback for deeper insights into the challenges at hand. Furthermore, the team's mindset (narrow or paradoxical), influenced by members' value concepts (idealistic or pragmatic), determines the venture's design path. Teams with a paradoxical mindset, simultaneously integrating social, ecological, and economic goals, are more likely to navigate beyond the proof‐of‐concept phase successfully. Moreover, having idealistic and pragmatic perspectives within the team fosters cognitive diversity, which is crucial to dealing with complex challenges effectively.
A Formal Metric to Measure Inconsistencies in Stakeholder Preferences in Systems Engineering
Authors: Kannan Hanumanthrao 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDeveloping complex systems like satellites and aircraft organizations involve numerous decision‐makers across various levels. These stakeholders, internal or external, express preferences traditionally through textual needs statements. Textual needs statements are easy to formulate and use, but offer limited analytical capacity. Alternative approaches based on decision analysis facilitate representing preferences rigorously but prove resource intensive without accuracy guarantees. Recently, researchers have proposed modal preference logic (MPL) to mathematically represent and reason about stakeholder preferences in systems engineering. Past work has demonstrated MPL's promise in identifying preference inconsistencies. This paper builds on that foundation to advance new theory and methods for systematically measuring detected inconsistencies. It introduces the Inconsistency Magnitude (IM), a rigorously developed metric grounded in minimal inconsistent subsets that sensitively quantifies inconsistencies and the spread of inconsistencies. Underpinning this metric, several theorems are presented that prove key properties across syntax variations. The research computationally exemplifies the metric over sample preference bases exhibiting differing complexity levels of inconsistencies.
Dream-Experience in Ibn Sīnā
Authors: Janssens Jules 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIbn Sīnā’s conception of dreams is scattered over parts of different works, both philosophical and medical. In the former, he tries as much as possible to explain the experience of dreams on the basis of the functioning of the inner senses, especially the imaginary faculty, during sleep. This appears to be in line with Aristotle. Contrary to Aristotle, however, Ibn Sīnā affirms the possibility of supernal, divinely inspired influences—more particularly, influences related to the celestial souls, sometimes called “angels.” Where Aristotle saw no real possibility of offering a causal explanation for prophecy in dreams, Ibn Sīnā is convinced he can offer one, by positing a congenerity between the celestial souls and our souls. On the medical side, however, he avoids any reference to experience based on divine intervention, limiting his comments instead to empirically observable facts. This complex approach to the experience of dreams can only be understood in the religious and scientific context of Ibn Sīnā’s time.
Epilogue: Experiencing Experiences—Four Encounters with Experience in the Medieval Islamicate World
Authors: McGinnis Jon 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis epilogue explores and sometimes expands on many of the recurrent themes of this volume. It takes seriously the editors’ observation about the subject-rootedness of experience as understood in the medieval Islamicate world and about the notion of internalized objectivity as a lens for reassessing our histories of science. It argues that rather than holding to our current sharp, even arbitrary, divide between the objective and subjective, it is more fruitful to approach Islamicate science as one that views the relation between the experience of the individual scientists and the standards of a given scientific community as forming an ecosystem. Using the interpretive frame set out in the volume’s introduction, the epilogue supplements and contextualizes the essays to show that both subject-rootednessand internalized objectivity were operative throughout the scientific endeavors of medieval Islamic science. Against this background, a number of disciplines that have been excluded from or marginalized in our histories of science—such as grammar, theology, astrology, and dream interpretation—emerge as areas of scientific and historical interest.
Circular Economy in Practice: The Benefits of Collaboration for Securing Material Flow in a US Study
Authors: Borner Daniel , Eisenbart Barbara 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurpose—This paper aims to describe an amiable approach of addressing challenges to transitioning to a circular economy through collaboration and knowledge sharing between different partners.Design/methodology/approach—The design science research methodology is used to identify the problem of the circular economy, suggest solutions, develop a usable artefact based on gathered user feedback interviews (n = 15) with US recyclers and industry experts.Findings—There are two main approaches to navigating the circular economy, soft and hard methods. Hard methods include investing in digitalization and newer technologies to improve one’s processes. However, these methods require an initial capital investment and high operation costs, which can deter many SMEs. Soft methods on the other hand, include methods such as collaboration and sharing of knowledge. These methods require no initial investments, but rather rely on the use of learning from partners to improve their processes and gather data to evaluate internal structures. These soft methods are explained in detail and an artefact has been developed to showcase these approaches.Business and social implications—This article furthers ideas of the circular economy regarding collaboration to identify the right sourcing partner. This is of growing importance to meet regulatory requirements of increasing recycling quotas on specific materials like secondary plastic.Originality/value—The developed artefacts of material sheet and utility analysis tools improve the transparency of reusable material flows. It has been proven for a global producer of reusable plastic packaging solutions operating in the US with state-specific recycling content requirements. It provides a decision-framework to secure sourcing of secondary plastic to acceptable costs, CO2 reduction/sustainability and partner’s fit.
Féeton (B − L gauge boson) dark matter testable in future direct detection experiments
Authors: Cheng Yu , Sheng Jie , Yanagida Tsutomu T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we revisit the féeton (gauge boson of U(1)B−L symmetry) dark matter scenario, and first point out the U(1) gauge symmetry can be a linear combination of the B – L and the SM hypercharge gauge symmetries. With the redefinition of B – L charge of fermions, the coupling between electron and féeton can be enhanced. After showing the parameter space required from the DM stability and cosmic production, we discuss the potential for verifying them in dark matter direct detection experiments. The results show that future experiments, such as SuperCDMS, have a sensitivity to reach the féeton DM region consistent with its cosmic production.
Yukawa textures from non-invertible symmetries
Authors: Kobayashi Tatsuo , Otsuka Hajime , Tanimoto Morimitsu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Phenomenological aspects of non-invertible symmetries, in particular the flavor structure of quarks and leptons, are studied. We start with a ℤM discrete symmetry and gauge ℤ2 so as to obtain a non-invertible symmetry. We study which Yukawa textures can be derived from the non-invertible symmetries. Various textures can be realized and some of them cannot be realized by a conventional symmetry. For example, the nearest neighbor interaction texture as well as other interesting textures of quarks and leptons are obtained.
Light transformation: a celestial and Carrollian perspective
Authors: Banerjee Sourish , Basu Rudranil , Bhatkar Sayali Atul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we first study the consequence of spacetime translations and Lorentz transformations on Celestial CFT OPEs. Working with the light transforms of the operators belonging to the modified Mellin basis, we found that the leading order singularity in the OPE of such operators could be fixed purely using Poincaré symmetries owing to the non-trivial action of the translations on these operators. The OPE coefficient is then fixed using the soft limit of the correlation functions. We check that this singular structure obtained from symmetries is consistent with the OPE limit of three-point functions. This approach could potentially be useful for studying Celestial CFT without adverting to bulk physics. As another goal, we explore the significance of light transformation in Carrollian CFTs. In the special cases we considered, we show that light transformation equips us with a map between two branches of Carroll CFT in d = 3 dimension at the level of correlation functions in the near coincident limit.
Axions in the dark dimension
Authors: Gendler Naomi , Vafa Cumrun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The dark dimension scenario, which is motivated from Swampland principles and predicts a single micron scale extra dimension, suggests a consistent framework for the dark sector of the universe. We consider the implications of this scenario for the QCD axion. We find that in the scenario in which the axion is localized on the standard model brane (which we will argue is natural), a combination of theoretical (being bounded by the 5D Planck mass) and observational constraints forces it to have decay constant in a narrow range f ~ 109 – 1010 GeV. This corresponds to a mass for the QCD axion of ma ~ (1 – 10) meV. The axion mass surprisingly coincides with the mass scale for the dark energy, the dark matter tower, and the neutrinos. In this scenario axions are not expected to form a large fraction of the dark matter but nevertheless this range of axion parameters is accessible to observations in near future experiments.
Flavor symmetries from modular subgroups in magnetized compactifications
Authors: Kobayashi Tatsuo , Nasu Kaito , Nishida Ryusei , Otsuka Hajime , Takada Shohei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study the flavor structures of zero-modes, which are originated from the modular symmetry on $$ {T}_1^2\times {T}_2^2 $$

T
1
2

×

T
2
2

and its orbifold with magnetic fluxes. We introduce the constraint on the moduli parameters by τ2 = Nτ1, where τi denotes the complex structure moduli on $$ {T}_i^2 $$

T
i
2

. Such a constraint can be derived from the moduli stabilization. The modular symmetry of $$ {T}_1^2\times {T}_2^2 $$

T
1
2

×

T
2
2

is $$ \textrm{SL}{\left(2,\mathbb{Z}\right)}_{\tau_1}\times \textrm{SL}{\left(2,\mathbb{Z}\right)}_{\tau_2}\subset \textrm{Sp}\left(4,\mathbb{Z}\right) $$
SL

2
ℤ

τ
1

×
SL

2
ℤ

τ
2

⊂
Sp

4
ℤ

and it is broken to Γ0(N) × Γ0(N) by the moduli constraint. The wave functions represent their covering groups. We obtain various flavor groups in these models.