bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of mortality in COVID-19 patients at Kinshasa Medical Center and a survival analysis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Nlandu Yannick , Mafuta Danny , Sakaji Junior , Brecknell Melinda , Engole Yannick , Abatha Jessy , Nkumu Jean-Robert , Nkodila Aliocha , Mboliassa Marie-France , Tuyinama Olivier , Bena Dauphin , Mboloko Yves , Kobo Patrick , Boloko Patrick , Tshangu Joseph , Azika Philippe , Kanku Jean-Pierre , Mafuta Pally , Atantama Magloire , Mavungu Jean-Michel , Kitenge Rosita , Sehli Asma , Van Eckout Karel , Mukuku Cathy , Bergeret Léo , Benchetritt David , Kalifa Golan , Rodolphe Ahmed , Bukabau Justine 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite it being a global pandemic, there is little research examining the clinical features of severe COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to identify predictors of mortality in COVID-19 patients at Kinshasa Medical Center (KMC).MethodsIn this retrospective, observational, cohort study carried out at the Kinshasa Medical Center (KMC) between March 10, 2020 and July 10, 2020, we included all adult inpatients (≥ 18 years old) with a positive COVID-19 PCR result. The end point of the study was survival. The study population was dichotomized into survivors and non-survivors group. Kaplan–Meier plot was used for survival analyses. The Log-Rank test was employed to compare the survival curves. Predictors of mortality were identified by Cox regression models. The significance level of p value was set at 0.05.Results432 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were identified and only 106 (24.5%) patients with moderate, severe or critical illness (mean age 55.6 ± 13.2 years old, 80.2% were male) were included in this study, of whom 34 (32%) died during their hospitalisation. The main complications of the patients included ARDS in 59/66 (89.4%) patients, coagulopathy in 35/93 (37.6%) patients, acute cardiac injury in 24/98 (24.5%) patients, AKI in 15/74 (20.3%) patients and secondary infection in 12/81 (14.8%) patients. The independent predictors of mortality were found to be age [aHR 1.38; 95% CI 1.10–1.82], AKI stage 3 [aHR 2.51; 95% CI 1.33–6.80], proteinuria [aHR 2.60; 95% CI 1.40–6.42], respiratory rate [aHR 1.42; 95% CI 1.09–1.92] and procalcitonin [aHR 1.08; 95% CI 1.03–1.14]. The median survival time of the entire group was 12 days. The cumulative survival rate of COVID-19 patients was 86.9%, 65.0% and 19.9% respectively at 5, 10 and 20 days.Levels of creatinine (p = 0.012), were clearly elevated in non-survivors compared with survivors throughout the clinical course and increased deterioration.ConclusionMortality rate of COVID-19 patients is high, particularly in intubated patients and is associated with age, respiratory rate, proteinuria, procalcitonin and acute kidney injury.
Bilateral facial colliculus syndrome caused by pontine tegmentum infarction: a case report
Authors: Zhuang Sheng , Xie Weiye , Mao Chengjie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Bilateral facial colliculus syndrome is a rare clinical presentation in patient with pontine infarction. We herein described a case of bilateral facial paralysis and complete horizontal gaze palsy possibly caused by paradoxical embolization from patent foramen ovale related stroke.

Case presentation
A 55-year-old male presented with sudden onset of complete peripheral facial palsy and horizontal gaze palsy after Valsava maneuver. MRI revealed symmetric involvement of bilateral pontine tegmentum in accordance with the location of facial colliculus. CSF analysis and follow-up MRI showed no evidence of central demyelinating disease. Subsequent echocardiography revealed patent foramen ovale and closure surgery was performed.

Conclusions
Facial colliculus syndrome with symmetric dorsal pontine tegmentum involvement may a rare manifestation in posterior circulation stroke.
MicroRNA-513c-5p is involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia by regulating of low-density lipoprotein receptor-associated protein 6
Authors: Zhou Qian , Li Hongyan , Zhang Yan , Peng Wei , Hou Haiyan , Gu Mengqi , Zhang Fengyuan , Wang Xietong , Gu Xiao , Li Lei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Preeclampsia (PE) is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Studies on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs), in the pathogenesis of PE through their effects on trophoblast function have been reported, but roles for some miRNAs including miR-513c-5p, have not been identified. We aimed to evaluate potential miRNA candidates that regulate the LRP6 mRNAand to elucidate the possible mechanism in PE. Potential miRNAs were selected by bioinformatics analysis, PCR of placenta tissues and dual luciferase reporter assay of HTR-8/SVneo cells.

Methods
A bioinformatics analysis (Gene Expression Omnibus, GEO; miRWalk) was performed to screen the possible miRNAs that participate in the pathology of PE. Placentas from patients with PE and women with a normal pregnancy were collected to detect the expression of predicted miRNAs by RT-qPCR. A dual luciferase reporter assay was used to test the binding of the potential miRNAs to LRP6. The effects of miR-513c-5p on the biological functions of HTR-8/SVneo cells were further evaluated by performing EdU staining, flow cytometry, wound healing assays and Transwell assays.

Results
GEO and miRWalk predicted 16 miRNAs that might target LRP6. Hsa-miR-371a-5p, hsa-miR-513c-5p, hsa-miR-126-3p, hsa-miR-145-5p, hsa-miR-193b-5p and hsa-miR-296-5p were 6 miRNAs upregulated in the PE placenta. LRP6 was downregulated in patients with PE compared to normal women. miR-513c-5p mimics inhibited LRP6 expression in HTR-8/SVneo cells, and LRP6 is the target gene of miR-513c-5p. miR-513c-5p mimics also inhibited invasion, migration and proliferation of HTR-8/SVneo cells but promoted their apoptosis.

Conclusions
Our study reveals that overexpression of placenta miR-513c-5p is involved in PE by regulating the biological functions of trophoblasts through the inhibition of LRP6.
Evaluating the prognostic performance of a polygenic risk score for breast cancer risk stratification
Authors: Olsen Maria , Fischer Krista , Bossuyt Patrick M. , Goetghebeur Els 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Polygenic risk scores (PRS) could potentially improve breast cancer screening recommendations. Before a PRS can be considered for implementation, it needs rigorous evaluation, using performance measures that can inform about its future clinical value.

Objectives
To evaluate the prognostic performance of a regression model with a previously developed, prevalence-based PRS and age as predictors for breast cancer incidence in women from the Estonian biobank (EstBB) cohort; to compare it to the performance of a model including age only.

Methods
We analyzed data on 30,312 women from the EstBB cohort. They entered the cohort between 2002 and 2011, were between 20 and 89 years, without a history of breast cancer, and with full 5-year follow-up by 2015. We examined PRS and other potential risk factors as possible predictors in Cox regression models for breast cancer incidence. With 10-fold cross-validation we estimated 3- and 5-year breast cancer incidence predicted by age alone and by PRS plus age, fitting models on 90% of the data. Calibration, discrimination, and reclassification were calculated on the left-out folds to express prognostic performance.

Results
A total of 101 (3.33‰) and 185 (6.1‰) incident breast cancers were observed within 3 and 5 years, respectively. For women in a defined screening age of 50–62 years, the ratio of observed vs PRS-age modelled 3-year incidence was 0.86 for women in the 75–85% PRS-group, 1.34 for the 85–95% PRS-group, and 1.41 for the top 5% PRS-group. For 5-year incidence, this was respectively 0.94, 1.15, and 1.08. Yet the number of breast cancer events was relatively low in each PRS-subgroup. For all women, the model’s AUC was 0.720 (95% CI: 0.675–0.765) for 3-year and 0.704 (95% CI: 0.670–0.737) for 5-year follow-up, respectively, just 0.022 and 0.023 higher than for the model with age alone. Using a 1% risk prediction threshold, the 3-year NRI for the PRS-age model was 0.09, and 0.05 for 5 years.

Conclusion
The model including PRS had modest incremental performance over one based on age only. A larger, independent study is needed to assess whether and how the PRS can meaningfully contribute to age, for developing more efficient screening strategies.
ESR1 PvuII polymorphism: from risk factor to prognostic and predictive factor of the success of primary systemic therapy in advanced breast cancer
Authors: Karsono Ramadhan , Haryono Samuel J. , Karsono Bambang , Harahap Wirsma Arif , Pratiwi Yulia , Aryandono Teguh 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundTheESR1gene encodes Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα), which plays a role in the tumourigenesis of breast cancer. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in intron 1 of this gene calledESR1PvuII (rs2234693) has been reported to increase the risk of breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate theESR1PvuII polymorphism as a prognostic and predictive factor guiding the choice of therapy for advanced breast cancer.MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted in 104 advanced breast cancer patients at Dharmais Cancer Hospital from 2011 to 2018. TheESR1PvuII polymorphism was analysed by Sanger sequencing of DNA from primary breast tumour samples.ResultsThe percentages of patients withESR1PvuII genotypes TT, TC, and CC were 42.3, 39.4, and 18.3%, respectively. Looking at prognosis, patients withESR1PvuII TC + CC had shorter overall survival than those with the TT genotype [HR = 1.79; 95% CI 1.05–3.04;p = 0.032]. As a predictive marker, TC + CC was associated with shorter survival (p = 0.041), but TC + CC patients on primary hormonal therapy had a median overall survival longer than TC + CC patients on primary chemotherapy (1072 vs 599 days).ConclusionTheESR1PvuII TC + CC genotypes confer poor prognosis in advanced breast cancer, but these genotypes could be regarded as a good predictor of the therapeutic effect of hormonal treatment.
Factors impacting cumulative dissipated energy levels and postoperative visual acuity outcome in cataract surgery
Authors: Bui Anh D. , Sun Zhimin , Wang Yunzhen , Huang Shengsong , Ryan Michael , Yu Yinxi , Ying Gui-Shuang , Ramanathan Saras , Singh Kuldev , Yang Yangfan , Han Ying 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To determine factors impacting cumulative dissipated energy (CDE) and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in phacoemulsification.

Design
Review of 1102 cases at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center (ZOC), China.

Subjects
Patients who underwent cataract surgery at UCSF 03/2014–03/2019 and at ZOC 10/2018–05/2019.

Methods
Patient demographics, medical history, routine ocular examination, and surgical information, including disassembly method, complications, and surgeon training level were recorded. Univariable and multivariable regression models were used to determine factors associated with CDE and good postoperative BCVA (20/40 or better) at 1 month.

Outcome measures
CDE, postoperative BCVA.

Results
In multivariable analysis, patient age at time of surgery, diabetes, degree of nuclear sclerosis (NS), white-to-white corneal diameter, disassembly method, preoperative BCVA, surgeon training level, and surgical center were significantly associated with CDE. Log10CDE increased by 0.20–0.31 for patient age ≥ 70 years, by 0.07 if the patient had diabetes, by 0.12–0.41 for NS grade ≥ 2, by 0.48 per 10 mm increase in white-to-white corneal diameter, by 0.34–0.47 for disassembly method other than non-stop chop, by 0.16 per unit increase in preoperative logMAR BCVA, and by > 0.09 when phacoemulsification was performed by residents early in their training. Log10CDE was 0.33 higher at UCSF than ZOC. In multivariable analysis, worse baseline visual acuity and age above 90 years at time of surgery decreased the odds of good BCVA (OR = 0.26 per unit increase in preoperative logMAR BCVA; OR = 0.12 for age > 90); comorbid retinal issues decreased the odds of good postoperative BCVA (OR = 0.13–0.39); greater anterior chamber depth (ACD) or shorter axial length (AL), increased the odds of good postoperative outcome (OR = 2.64 per 1 mm increase ACD, OR = 0.84 per 1 mm increase AL).

Conclusions
Cataract grade determined by slit lamp exam and, for the first time, older patient age, were noted to be important predictors of high CDE. CDE was not a risk factor for postoperative BCVA measured at postoperative 1 month. When surgery was performed by trainees under supervision, lower training level was associated with higher CDE, but not with worse postoperative BCVA.
IgG4-related chronic sclerosing sialadenitis in a child with recurrent parotitis: a case report
Authors: Timeus Fabio , Calvo Mario Michele , Caci Anna Maria , Gallone Giorgio Oliviero , Vittone Federico 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) includes a group of immune-mediated diseases histologically characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with a prevalence of IgG4-positive plasma cells, storiform fibrosis and obliterative phlebitis. Autoimmune pancreatitis, sialadenitis, dacryoadenitis and retroperitoneal fibrosis are the most frequent manifestations. IgG4-related sialadenitis usually affects submandibular glands and is very rare in children.
Here we report the case of IgG4-related sialadenitis in a six-year-old patient previously diagnosed as juvenile recurrent parotitis.

Case presentation
A six-year-old patient was referred to our Centre for left parotid swelling of 4 × 3 cm, that was tender, soft in consistency, with overlying red and warm skin. His general condition was good but he was subfebrile; general examination revealed mild enlargement of left cervical lymph nodes. In the last 2 years he had had five episodes of parotitis, diagnosed by another pediatric Center as juvenile recurrent parotitis.
On ultrasound examination the left parotid gland appeared enlarged, inhomogeneous, with a colliquative intraparotid lymph node and no evidence of sialolithiasis. Laboratory tests showed an increase of white blood cells and anti-VCA IgM and IgG positivity, with anti-EBNA e anti-EA I negativity.
The patient was initially treated with oral antibiotics, but after 10 days the parotid became fluctuating, requiring surgical biopsy and drainage. Postoperative course was regular, with complete remission under oral antibiotic and steroid therapy. Microbiological tests, including cultures for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, mycobacteria and Bartonella, were negative.
Surprisingly, histology showed marked fibrosis and histiocytic and lymphoplasmacellular infiltrate with polyclonal plasma cells mostly expressing IgG4 immunoglobulins. Thus, the diagnosis of IgG4 related chronic sialadenitis in recurrent parotitis and recent EBV infection was made.

Conclusions
IgG4-related sialadenitis is very unusual in children. Histology plays a key role in diagnosis, considering that up to 30% of patients have normal serum IgG4 levels, as shown in our case.
The lack of previous histological data makes it impossible to attribute our patient’s previous episodes of parotitis to IgG4-RD, though it is a very consistent possibility.
Effectiveness of exercise interventions on mental health and health-related quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review
Authors: Patten Rhiannon K. , Pascoe Michaela C. , Moreno-Asso Alba , Boyle Russell A. , Stepto Nigel K. , Parker Alexandra G. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex condition, impacting cardio-metabolic and reproductive health, mental health and health-related quality of life. The physical health benefits of exercise for women with PCOS are well-established and exercise is increasingly being recognised as efficacious for improving psychological wellbeing. The aim of this review was to summarise the evidence regarding the effectiveness of exercise interventions on mental health outcomes in women with PCOS.

Methods
A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted in March of 2020. Trials that evaluated the effect of an exercise intervention on mental health or health-related quality of life outcomes in reproductive aged women with diagnosed PCOS were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the modified Downs and Black checklist. Primary outcomes included symptoms of depression and anxiety, and health-related quality of life.

Results
Fifteen articles from 11 trials were identified and deemed eligible for inclusion. Exercise demonstrated positive improvements in health-related quality of life in all of the included studies. Half of included studies also reported significant improvements in depression and anxiety symptoms. There was large variation in methodological quality of included studies and in the interventions utilised.

Conclusions
The available evidence indicates that exercise is effective for improving health-related quality of life and PCOS symptom distress. Exercise also shows some efficacy for improving symptoms and/or prevalence of depression and anxiety in women with PCOS. However, due to large heterogeneity of included studies, conclusions could not be made regarding the impact of exercise intervention characteristics. High-quality trials with well reported exercise intervention characteristics and outcomes are required in order to determine effective exercise protocols for women with PCOS and facilitate translation into practice.
Health indices for the evaluation and monitoring of health in children and adolescents in prevention and health promotion: a scoping review
Authors: Selmani Albulena , Coenen Michaela , Voss Stephan , Jung-Sievers Caroline 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Health indicators are used in different settings to monitor health outcomes. Child and adolescent health is arguably one of the most important areas for the application of indices and indicators in prevention and health promotion. Although single health indicators may be better suited to display the complexity of the health status and its determinants, a selected set of indicators will still offer a complex picture. Therefore, it is argued that a group of indicators combined into an index may offer a pragmatic tool that is easier to use in order to inform stakeholders.

Methods
A scoping review was conducted to identify and describe health indices that monitor and evaluate health of children and adolescents and to appraise the quality and value of the identified indices that may guide the further applications of these indices in particular settings. The three bibliographic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO were searched and a double screening of titles and abstracts as well as double screening of full texts was performed. Indices contained in these studies were analysed in terms of focus and composition and evaluated in terms of quality criteria.

Results
The scoping review identified 36 eligible studies with 18 health indices in six thematic categories. Of the identified indices, seven indices focus on anthropometrical variables, three indices focus on special aspects of newborns and five indices focus on oral health. One index assesses “healthy lifestyle” and one “functional ability” whereas one index a combination of different aspects. Most indices are calculated by using primary health data.

Conclusions
Alone or in combination with single sets of indicators, indices in six major thematic domains may be used as pragmatic tools for monitoring children’s and adolescents´ health and the evaluation of interventions in health promotion and prevention settings.
Acute respiratory infection symptoms and COVID-19 testing behaviour: results based on South Australian health surveys
Authors: Joshi S. , D’Onise K. , Nolan R. , Davis S. , Glass K. , Lokuge K. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Effective syndromic surveillance alongside COVID-19 testing behaviours in the population including in higher risk and hard to reach subgroups is vital to detect re-emergence of COVID-19 transmission in the community. The aim of this paper was to identify the prevalence of acute respiratory infection symptoms and coronavirus testing behaviour among South Australians using data from a population based survey.

Methods
We used cross-sectional data from the 2020 state-wide population level health survey on 6857 respondents aged 18 years and above. Descriptive statistics were used to explore the risk factors and multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the factors associated with the acute respiratory infection symptoms and coronavirus testing behaviour after adjusting for gender, age, household size, household income, Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander status, SEIFA, Country of birth, number of chronic diseases, wellbeing, psychological distress, and mental health.

Results
We found that 19.3% of respondents reported having symptoms of acute respiratory infection and the most commonly reported symptoms were a runny nose (11.2%), coughing (9.9%) and sore throat (6.2%). Fever and cough were reported by 0.8% of participants. Of the symptomatic respondents, 32.6% reported seeking health advice from a nurse, doctor or healthcare provider. Around 18% (n = 130) of symptomatic respondents had sought testing and a further 4.3% (n = 31) reported they intended to get tested. The regression results suggest that older age, larger household size, a higher number of chronic disease, mental health condition, poor wellbeing, and psychological distress were associated with higher odds of ARI symptoms. Higher household income was associated with lower odds of being tested or intending to be tested for coronavirus after adjusting for other explanatory variables.

Conclusions
There were relatively high rates of self-reported acute respiratory infection during a period of very low COVID-19 prevalence and low rate of coronavirus testing among symptomatic respondents. Ongoing monitoring of testing uptake, including in higher-risk groups, and possible interventions to improve testing uptake is key to early detection of disease.
Fatal congenital lobar emphysema in a puerpera: a case report and literature review
Authors: Gan Fanyi , Xia Liang , Yang Yushang , Pu Qiang , Liu Lunxu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Congenital lobal emphysema (CLE) is a developmental lung abnormality usually diagnosed in the neonatal period and is rarely observed in adults. Adults with CLE are usually asymptomatic and only a small fraction may present with coughing, recurrent pneumonia and respiratory distress. In imaging studies, the most frequently affected lobe of CLE is the left upper lobe, followed by the right middle lobe. However, multilobar involvement with severe mediastinal shift is extremely rare.

Case presentation
We report a case of fatal CLE in a 28-year-old puerpera with postpartum respiratory failure. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed emphysema of the right upper, middle and lower lobes resulting in adjacent atelectasis. Hyperinflation of the right upper lobe crossed the midline, leading to a deviation of the mediastinal structure to the left hemithorax and severe compression of the left lung.

Conclusions
Early and timely diagnosis of CLE with routine follow-up is necessary for patients. CLE, especially with multilobar involvement or mediastinal shift, could be life-threatening and should be promptly and aggressively treated to prevent severe complications.