bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
House dust mite (HDM) and storage mite (SM) molecular sensitisation profiles and association with clinical outcomes in allergic asthma and rhinitis: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Matos-Semedo Filipa , Cruz Cíntia , Inácio Filipe , Gama Jorge M R , Nwaru Bright I , Taborda-Barata Luís 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionIdentification and characterisation of single allergens at molecular level is important. Component-resolved diagnosis offers the possibility of higher diagnostic precision, thereby allowing better patient management. House dust mites (HDM) have a worldwide distribution. Studies from different countries have shown that IgE-mediated allergy to storage mites (SM) is important in rural and urban populations. With the availability of HDM and SM molecular allergen components, studies have investigated whether different molecular sensitisation profiles are associated with clinical disease outcomes. However, no previous systematic review has synthesised the underlying evidence.Methods and analysisWe will search Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Methodology Register), MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, ISI Web of Science (Science and Social Science Index) from inception to March 2020. Unpublished and ongoing work, as well as research in progress will be searched inwww.ClinicalTrials.gov;www.controlledtrials.comandwwwanzctrorgau. We will contact an international panel of experts in this field. No language restrictions will apply; translations will be undertaken where necessary. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme quality assessment tool will be used to appraise the methodological quality of included studies. A descriptive summary with data tables will be constructed, and if adequate, meta-analysis using random effects will be performed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist will be followed for reporting.Ethics and disseminationSince this systematic review will be only based on published and retrievable literature, no ethics approval is required. We will publish the systematic review in an international peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberreviewregistry959.
Sexual and reproductive health services provided by community pharmacists: a scoping review
Authors: Navarrete Javiera , Yuksel Nese , Schindel Theresa J , Hughes Christine A 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesPharmacists are increasingly providing patient-focused services in community pharmacies, including in the area of sexual and reproductive health (SRH). Specific SRH areas have been the focus of research, but a broader perspective is needed to position pharmacists as SRH providers. This review explored research that described and evaluated professional pharmacy services across a broad range of SRH areas.DesignScoping reviewData sourcesMedline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library (January 2007–July 2020).Study selectionStudies reporting on the description and evaluation of professional pharmacy SRH services provided by community pharmacists.Data extractionTwo investigators screened studies for eligibility, and one investigator extracted the data. Data were analysed to primarily describe professional pharmacy services and intervention outcomes.ResultsForty-one studies were included. The main SRH areas and professional pharmacy services reported were sexually transmitted and bloodborne infections (63%) and screening (39%), respectively. Findings showed that pharmacists’ delivery of SRH services was feasible, able to reach vulnerable and high-risk groups, and interventions were highly accepted and valued by users. However, integration into daily workflow, pharmacist remuneration, cost and reimbursement for patients, and policy regulations were some of the barriers identified to implementing SRH services. Studies were primarily in specific areas such as chlamydia screening or hormonal contraception prescribing, while studies in other areas (ie, medical abortion provision, long-acting reversible contraception prescribing and vaccine delivery in pregnant women) were lacking.ConclusionThis scoping review highlights the expansion of pharmacists’ roles beyond traditional product-focused services in a number of SRH areas. Given the potential feasibility, users’ acceptability and reach, pharmacists are ideally situated to enhance SRH care access. Future research describing implementation and evaluation of professional pharmacy services in all SRH areas is needed to promote access to these services through community pharmacies and position pharmacists as SRH providers worldwide.
Prevalence of mental health symptoms among male and female Australian professional footballers
Authors: Kilic Özgür , Carmody Sean , Upmeijer Judith , Kerkhoffs Gino M M J , Purcell Rosemary , Rice Simon , Gouttebarge Vincent 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveDetermining the prevalence of mental health symptoms (MHS) among Australian professional footballers compared with former players. A secondary aim was to assess whether MHS were associated with recent injury and psychological resilience.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 149 male (mean age: 24 years) and 132 female (mean age: 23 years) Australian A-League and W-League professional footballers (study group) and 81 former male footballers (control group, mean age: 39 years) for analysis. MHS and psychological resilience were assessed through validated questionnaires. Severe injuries were assessed through a single question. The adjusted Wald method was used to assess the primary aim. Logistic regression analyses was used to assess the secondary aim.ResultsThe most prevalent MHS among active footballers and former footballers was sport-related psychological distress (63%) and alcohol misuse (69%), respectively. Global psychological distress, sleep disturbance, alcohol misuse and substance misuse were significantly lower among active male footballers than among former players. Increased psychological resilience among active male footballers was associated with a decrease in symptoms of sport-related and global psychological distress, anxiety and depression of 9%, 14%, 23% and 20%, respectively. Increased psychological resilience among female players was associated with 10% decrease in symptoms of depression. Problem gambling and sleep disturbance was associated with injury in the previous 6 months among active male and female footballers, respectively.ConclusionsMHS are prevalent among active and former professional footballers. Higher level of psychological resilience is associated with decreased reporting of MHS. Severe injury is associated with problem gambling and sleep disturbance.
Healthcare interpreters and difficult conversations: a survey
Authors: James Helen , Crawford Gregory Brian 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesThe aims of this survey of healthcare interpreters were to assess the impacts of difficult conversations such as discussions involving explanation of a serious diagnosis, goals-of-care or death or dying and to discover interpreters’ opinions on ways to improve these conversations.MethodsA purpose derived survey incorporating the Professional Quality of Life measure 5 was distributed to all healthcare interpreters in an Australian state. Outcome measures were to quantify levels of compassion satisfaction (CS), burn-out and secondary traumatic stress (STS), as well as to determine how well interpreters believed difficult conversations were being conducted and suggestions for improvement.ResultsThere were 94 respondents all scoring moderate (34.1%) or high (65.9%) on the CS score. No respondents scored high on burn-out or STS scales. Significant subgroup analysis was those aged 18–30 with higher burn-out scores. The two most common concerns raised were (1) not knowing the content prior to a discussion and (2) feeling guilty about delivering bad news. The two most frequent suggestions for improvement were (1) prebriefing with medical teams prior and (2) allowing opportunity to explain cultural concerns.ConclusionsInterpreters surveyed were not experiencing burn-out or STS and had moderate or high CS scores. Recommendations are: further training and evidence-based guidelines for medical staff and healthcare interpreters in the facilitation of difficult conversations; prebriefing and debriefing for interpreters; further research to delineate the characteristics that predispose to compassion fatigue.
Greater occipital nerve block modulates nociceptive signals within the trigeminocervical complex
Authors: Hoffmann Jan , Mehnert Jan , Koo Elena M , May Arne 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionThe pharmacological block of the greater occipital nerve has been proven effective in numerous headache and facial pain syndromes. This clinical effect supports the hypothesis of a strong functional interaction between the occipital and trigeminal nerves which has been proposed in neurophysiological in vivo experiments in rodents. Although it is likely that the interaction has to occur in the central nervous system, the exact site and the mechanisms of the interaction remain largely unknown.MethodsFocusing on these questions we investigated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised study the influence of an occipital nerve block with lidocaine 1% on neuronal activation in the trigeminocervical complex using high-resolution functional magnetic resonance on a 3T scanner. In order to investigate potential clinical effects on the trigeminal nerve, we further performed quantitative sensory testing and analysed a potential shift in thermal detection and pain thresholds.ResultsThe pharmacological block of the greater occipital nerve induced an occipital anaesthesia ipsilateral to the block. Functional imaging revealed that the occipital injection of lidocaine but not placebo significantly reduced nociceptive trigeminal activation.ConclusionsThese data suggest that the functional inhibition of the occipital nerve block on trigeminal nociceptive activity is likely to occur at the C2 level where the occipital nerve enters the trigeminocervical complex and converges on the same central nuclei before the signal crosses the midline at that level and is then transmitted to higher processing centres.
Postoperative mortality in hip fracture patients stratified by the Revised Cardiac Risk Index: a Swedish nationwide retrospective cohort study
Authors: Forssten Maximilian Peter , Mohammad Ismail Ahmad , Borg Tomas , Ahl Rebecka , Wretenberg Per , Cao Yang , Peden Carol J , Mohseni Shahin 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesThe Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) is a tool that can be used to evaluate the 30-day risk of postoperative myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest and mortality. This study aims to confirm its association with postoperative mortality in patients who underwent hip fracture surgery.MethodsAll adults who underwent primary emergency hip fracture surgery in Sweden between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2017 were included in this study. The database was retrieved by cross-referencing the Swedish National Quality Register for hip fractures with the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare registers. The outcomes of interest were the association between the RCRI score and mortality at 30 days, 90 days and 1 year postoperatively.Results134 915 cases were included in the current study. There was a statistically significant linear trend in postoperative mortality with increasing RCRI scores at 30 days, 90 days and 1 year. An RCRI score ≥4 was associated with a 3.1 times greater risk of 30-day postoperative mortality (adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) 3.13, p<0.001), a 2.5 times greater risk of 90-day postoperative mortality (adjusted IRR 2.54, p<0.001) and a 2.8 times greater risk of 1-year postoperative mortality (adjusted HR 2.81, p<0.001) compared with that observed with an RCRI score of 0.ConclusionAn increasing RCRI score is strongly associated with an elevated risk 30-day, 90-day and 1-year postoperative mortality after primary hip fracture surgery. The objective and easily retrievable nature of the variables included in the RCRI calculation makes it an appealing choice for risk stratification in the clinical setting.Levels of evidenceLevel III.
Assessing the contribution of traditional foods to food security for the Wapekeka First Nation of Canada
Authors: Robidoux Michael A. , Winnepetonga Derek , Santosa Sylvia , Haman François 
Published: July 2021

The food security crisis and disproportionately high burden of dietary related disease amongst northern Indigenous populations in Canada continues to be a troubling reality with little sign of improvement. The Government of Canada is responding by developing programs to support local food initiatives for northern isolated communities. While such investments appear commendable, the impact of local food harvesting to improve food security has yet to be determined. While there are clear nutritional and cultural benefits to traditional food sources, communities face considerable barriers acquiring it in sufficient amounts because of historically imposed lifestyle changes that have increased food insecurity rates. This study responds by providing a novel multidisciplinary approach that draws from firsthand experiences working with First Nations community members in a remote subarctic region in northwestern, Ontario, to estimate their community’s total food requirement and the amount of wild animal food sources needed to sustain yearly food intake. This transferrable energy demand approach will be critical for policy makers to put into perspective the amount of wild food needed to have an impact on food security rates and ultimately improve dietary related diseases.Novelty: Provide government policy makers information about current harvest yields in a remote northern First Nation to understand the potential contribution of traditional food to improve local food security. Provide Indigenous communities a means to assess local food resources to measure the caloric contributions of traditional foods toward household food security.
Heterogeneity and Cancer-Related Features in Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Cells and Tissue
Authors: Espín Roderic , Baiges Alexandra , Blommaert Eline , Herranz Carmen , Roman Antonio , Saez Berta , Ancochea Julio , Valenzuela Claudia , Ussetti Piedad , Laporta Rosalía , Rodríguez-Portal José A. , van Moorsel Coline H.M. , van der Vis Joanne J. , Quanjel Marian J.R. , Villar-Piqué Anna , Diaz-Lucena Daniela , Llorens Franc , Casanova Álvaro , Molina-Molina María , Plass Mireya , Mateo Francesca , Moss Joel , Pujana Miquel Angel 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, low-grade metastasizing disease characterized by cystic lung destruction. LAM can exhibit extensive heterogeneity at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. However, the molecular similarities and differences among LAM cells and tissue, and their connection to cancer features are not fully understood. By integrating complementary gene and protein LAM signatures, and single-cell and bulk tissue transcriptome profiles, we show sources of disease heterogeneity, and how they correspond to cancer molecular portraits. Subsets of LAM diseased cells differ with respect to gene expression profiles related to hormones, metabolism, proliferation, and stemness. Phenotypic diseased cell differences are identified by evaluating lumican (LUM) proteoglycan and YB1 transcription factor expression in LAM lung lesions. The RUNX1 and IRF1 transcription factors are predicted to regulate LAM cell signatures, and both regulators are expressed in LAM lung lesions, with differences between spindle-like and epithelioid LAM cells. The cancer single-cell transcriptome profiles most similar to those of LAM cells include a breast cancer mesenchymal cell model and lines derived from pleural mesotheliomas. Heterogeneity is also found in LAM lung tissue, where it is mainly determined by immune system factors. Variable expression of the multifunctional innate immunity protein LCN2 is linked to disease heterogeneity. This protein is found to be more abundant in blood plasma from LAM patients than from healthy women.

Implications:
This study identifies LAM molecular and cellular features, master regulators, cancer similarities, and potential causes of disease heterogeneity.
A Diplomacia Triangular: Nixon, Kissinger e a China
Authors: Arbage Jorge 
Published: July 2021

Em face à recente guerra comercial entre Estados Unidos e China, muito tem sido dito a respeito de uma possível ruptura do paradigma diplomático entre os dois países, existente desde 1972 e eternizado pelo famoso conceito da Diplomacia Triangular. Embora curta, a relação entre ambas as nações é da mais alta importância; podemos até afirmar que poucos eventos nas últimas décadas moldaram tanto o mundo atual quanto o restabelecimento das relações entre Pequim e Washington.
Até 1969, um aperto de mãos entre Mao Zedong e Richard Nixon era improvável até nos mais absurdos sonhos - um contrassenso, podia-se dizer. Mas, apenas três anos depois, o inimaginável se tornou realidade. A aproximação entre Estados Unidos e República Popular da China foi um evento que não somente abalou, mas moldou o mundo. Aqui, buscamos compreender como se deu esse processo: o que levou à esta aproximação improvável; como ela foi feita; e como se deram as estratégias da Diplomacia Triangular e da Détente.
Sleep Apnea is Associated With Accelerated Vascular Aging: Results From 2 European Community‐Based Cohort Studies
Authors: Lisan Quentin , van Sloten Thomas , Boutouyrie Pierre , Laurent Stéphane , Danchin Nicolas , Thomas Frédérique , Guibout Catherine , Perier Marie‐Cécile , Dagnelie Pieter , Henry Ronald M. , Schram Miranda T. , Heinzer Raphaël , Marques‐Vidal Pedro , van der Kallen Carla J. , Crijns Harry J. , van Greevenbroek Marleen , Reesink Koen , Köhler Sebastian , Sastry Manuel , Jouven Xavier , Stehouwer Coen D. A. , Empana Jean‐Philippe 
Published: July 2021

Background
The mechanisms underlying the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular disease may include accelerated vascular aging. The aim was to compare the magnitude of vascular aging in patients with high versus low risk of OSA.

Methods and Results
In 2 community‐based studies, the PPS3 (Paris Prospective Study 3) and the Maastricht Study, high risk of OSA was determined with the Berlin questionnaire (a screening questionnaire for OSA). We assessed carotid artery properties (carotid intima‐media thickness, Young’s elastic modulus, carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity, carotid pulse wave velocity, carotid diameter using high precision ultrasound echography), and carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (in the Maastricht Study only). Regression coefficients were estimated on pooled data using multivariate linear regression. A total of 8615 participants without prior cardiovascular disease were included (6840 from PPS3, 62% men, mean age 59.5±6.2 years, and 1775 from the Maastricht Study, 51% men, 58.9±8.1 years). Overall, high risk of OSA prevalence was 16.8% (n=1150) in PPS3 and 23.8% (n=423) in the Maastricht Study. A high risk of OSA was associated with greater carotid intima‐media thickness (β=0.21; 0.17–0.26), Young’s elastic modulus (β=0.21; 0.17–0.25), carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (β=0.24; 0.14–0.34), carotid pulse wave velocity (β=0.31; 0.26–0.35), and carotid diameter (β=0.43; 0.38–0.48), after adjustment for age, sex, total cholesterol, smoking, education level, diabetes mellitus, heart rate, and study site. Consistent associations were observed after additional adjustments for mean blood pressure, body mass index, or antihypertensive medications.

Conclusions
These data lend support for accelerated vascular aging in individuals with high risk of OSA. This may, at least in part, underlie the association between OSA and cardiovascular disease.
COVID-19-Related Spontaneous Aortic Arch Thrombus With Delayed Embolization
Authors: Siddiq Bilal S. , Ward Matthew , Blecha Matthew 
Published: July 2021

Presentation of a 62-year-old man with baseline chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted to the hospital with dyspnea and newly diagnosed COVID-19 infection. CT scan of the chest was obtained to rule out pulmonary embolism. This revealed a mural thrombus of the inner curvature of the aortic arch with a floating component. Therapeutic full dose anticoagulation was initiated in combination with close clinical observation and treatment for modest hypoxia. He did well for 1 month and then returned with ischemic rest pain of the right foot. Angiography revealed thrombosis of all 3 tibial arteries in the right leg. Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy with tissue plasminogen activator injection and angioplasty was performed with success in 1 tibial artery to achieve in line flow to the foot. After continued anticoagulation, the remainder of the tibial arteries autolysed and the aortic thrombus was noted to be resolved 4 months later. A brief pathophysiology discussion is included.
The effect of pay for performance on work attitudes in the private, public, and nonprofit sectors: A panel study from South Korea
Authors: Bae Kwang Bin 
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the differing effects of pay for performance on organizational commitment and job satisfaction in the public, private, and nonprofit sectors. Using data from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study, this research found that pay for performance has a positive relationship with job satisfaction and organizational commitment in the private sector, a negative relationship with job satisfaction in the public sector, and a negative relationship with organizational commitment in the nonprofit sector. Points for practitioners When organizations in the public and nonprofit sectors begin adopting policies to increase extrinsic motivation, managers and scholars should carefully consider the negative effects of monetary incentives on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The public sector emphasizes public values and public interests, which explains the significant effect of pay for performance on job satisfaction; meanwhile, the fact that the nonprofit sector focuses on organizational missions and goals, stakeholders, and employee motivation explains the positive effect of pay for performance on organizational commitment.