bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrathecal Morphine Versus Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Caesarean Delivery: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Tao-ran , Li Xue-han , He Xue-mei , Wang Ru-rong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: In recent years, the number of cesarean deliveries is on the rise. Although intrathecal morphine (ITM) can relieve pain and is widely applied in cesarean deliveries, it is also associated with many side effects. As a new analgesic technology, transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block has also begun to play a certain role after cesarean delivery, with fewer adverse effects. This article mainly compares the analgesic and adverse effect of ITM and TAP block in cesarean delivery.Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase and Web of Science, for randomized controlled trials before October 5, 2020 to compare ITM and TAP block. Our main result is the pain score at rest 24 hours after cesarean delivery, and the secondary result is the pain score at movement 24 hours after operation, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), itching, and morphine consumption. We conducted a subgroup analysis based on economic development.Result: Six articles with 563 sample sizes were included. The results showed there was no significant difference between ITM and TAP block in the pain score at rest 24 hours after surgery (95% CI: -1.33 to 0.40; P=0.29). After subgroup analysis based on economic development, Parturients in the ITM group have lower rest pain score than those in the TAP group (95% CI: -1.27 to -0.28; P=0.002) in the developed area. There was no significant difference in the 24h moving pain score (95% CI:-1.47 to 0.29;P=0.19）and incidence of pruritus (95% CI:0.87 to 8.85;P=0.08). The ITM group showed less morphine consumption when compared with the TAP group (95% CI:-13.12 to -2.95;P=0.002）. The incidence of PONV was lower in the TAP group as compared to the ITM group (95% CI:1.92 to 4.87; P<0.00001).Conclusion: We found that Parturients in the ITM and TAP block groups had similar analgesic effects. However, after subgroup analysis, in developed countries, Parturients in the ITM group has better analgesic effects than those in the TAP block group with less morphine consumption. Differently, TAP block had low side effects such as nausea, vomiting. Therefore, if patients cannot use ITM for analgesia after cesarean delivery, or patients have high risk of PONV, then TAP is still a valuable analgesia option.Registration number: Registered on Prospero with the registration number of CRD42020210135
Drivers of past and predicted changes of rainfall in and around Mainland Southeast Asia
Authors: Skliris Nikolaos , Marsh Robert , Haigh Ivan D. , Wood Melissa , Hirschi Joel , Darby Stephen , Quynh Nguyen Phu , Hung Nguyen Nghia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Observational rain gauge/satellite and reanalysis datasets since the 1950s are evaluated for trends in mean and extreme rainfall over Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA). Rain gauge data indicate strong increases exceeding 50% in both annual mean precipitation and various extreme precipitation indices over Vietnam and the northwestern part of the peninsula since 1979. A high degree of uncertainty is evident between reanalysis products in capturing long-term trends in continental precipitation. Evaporation increases over adjacent seas - the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the South China Sea in particular- may partially explain increasing precipitation in large parts of MSEA over the last 40 years. The remote influence of ENSO may also partially explain the recent precipitation trend towards a more intense regional hydrological cycle, in response to predominant La Niña states over recent decades. Increasing precipitation in MSEA is also associated with increased monsoon intensity in southeast Asia and a northward shift of the monsoon activity centre towards MSEA over 1979–2018. Long-term amplification of the regional hydrological cycle is further investigated, through analysis of CMIP5 coupled climate models in historical and RCP4.5/8.5 21st century scenario simulations. The CMIP5 ensemble mean shows robust wide-spread trends in wet season precipitation over the MSEA in both RCP scenarios linked with strong increases in evaporation in all major oceanic moisture sources. Results clearly demonstrate an intensification of the regional water cycle with increasing frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events.
Localization of Subcentimeter Pulmonary Nodules using an Indocyanine Green Near-infrared Imaging System during Uniportal Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery
Authors: Wu Zhuo , Zhang Lei , Zhao Xitong , Zhou Di , Yang Xueying 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: To investigate the feasibility of indocyanine green (ICG) use in localizing subcentimeter pulmonary nodules during uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of 32 patients who underwent surgery due to pulmonary nodules using ICG localization from September 2019 to March 2020 in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University. Laser positioning and large-aperture spiral CT simulation were performed preoperatively. ICG was injected into the lung (2.5mg/ml). The clinical characteristics and postoperative indicators were recorded. Results: A total of 33 subcentimeter pulmonary nodules were successfully localized in 32 patients. Twenty-three patients underwent lobectomy, with an average surgical time of 45.3 minutes and an average tube retention time of 2 days. Non-small cell lung cancer was confirmed intraoperatively in 9 patients, among whom the longest surgical time was 120 minutes, and the shortest hospital stay was 7 days. No patient was converted to thoracotomy or developed serious complications. Conclusions: ICG imaging is a safe and effective technique for localization of pulmonary nodules. Due to the widespread application of near-infrared devices, fluorescent localization and imaging technology will be more widely used in thoracic surgery.
A Machine Learning Framework that Integrates Multi-omics Data Predicts Cancer-related LncRNAs
Authors: Yuan Lin , Zhao Jing , Sun Tao , Shen Zhen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: LncRNAs (Long non-coding RNAs) are a type of non-coding RNA molecule with transcript length longer than 200 nucleotides. LncRNA has been novel candidate biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, it is difficult to discover the true association mechanism between lncRNAs and complex diseases. The unprecedented enrichment of multi-omics data and the rapid development of machine learning technology provide us with the opportunity to design a machine learning framework to study the relationship between lncRNAs and complex diseases. Results: In this article, we proposed a new machine learning approach, namely LGDLDA (LncRNA-Gene-Disease association networks based LncRNA-Disease Association prediction), for disease-related lncRNAs association prediction based multi-omics data, machine learning methods and neural network neighborhood information aggregation. Firstly, LGDLDA calculates the similarity matrix of lncRNA, gene and disease respectively. LGDLDA calculates the similarity between lncRNAs through the lncRNA expression profile matrix, lncRNA-miRNA interaction matrix and lncRNA-protein interaction matrix. LGDLDA obtains gene similarity matrix by calculating the lncRNA-gene association matrix and the gene-disease association matrix. LGDLDA obtains disease similarity matrix by calculating the disease ontology, the disease-miRNA association matrix, and Gaussian interaction profile kernel similarity. Secondly, LGDLDA integrates the neighborhood information in similarity matrices by using nonlinear feature learning of neural network. Thirdly, LGDLDA uses embedded node representations to approximate the observed matrices. Finally, LGDLDA ranks candidate lncRNA-disease pairs and then selects potential disease-related lncRNAs. Conclusions: Compared with lncRNA-disease prediction methods, IHI-BMLLR takes into account more critical information and obtains the performance improvement cancer-related lncRNA predictions. Randomly split data experiment results show that the stability of LGDLDA is better than IDHI-MIRW, NCPLDA, LncDisAP and NCPHLDA. The results on different simulation data sets show that LGDLDA can accurately and effectively predict the disease-related lncRNAs. Furthermore, we applied LGDLDA to three real cancer data including gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and breast cancer to predict potential cancer-related lncRNAs.
Effect of band structure adjustment based of Cu site on the thermoelectric properties of BiCuSeO
Authors: Feng Bo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The effect of Ti doped at Cu site on the thermoelectric properties of BiCuSeO was studied by experimental method and first principles calculation. The results show that Ti doping can cause the lattice contraction and decrease the lattice constant. Ti doping can increase the band gap and lengthen the Cu/Ti-Se bond, resulting in the decrease of carrier concentration. Ti doping can reduce the effective mass and the Bi-Se bond length, correspondingly improve the carrier mobility. Ti doping can decrease the density of states of Cu-3d and Se-4p orbitals at the top of valence band, but Ti-4p orbitals can obviously increase the density of states at the top of valence band and finally increase the electrical conductivity in the whole temperature range. With the decrease of effective mass, Ti doping would reduce the Seebeck coefficient, but the gain effect caused by the increase of electrical conductivity is more than the benefit reduction effect caused by the decrease of Seebeck coefficient, and the power factor shows an upward trend. Ti doping can reduce Young's modulus, lead to the increase of defect scattering and strain field, correspondingly reduce the lattice thermal conductivity and total thermal conductivity. It is greatly increased for the ZT values in the middle and high temperature range, with the highest value of 1.04 at 873 K.
Development of a Study tool to Assess Gaps in Respectful Maternity Care in Health Facilities of India
Authors: Singh Shalini , Gogoi Aparajita , Caleb-Varkey Leila , Manoranjini Mercy , Ravi Tina , Rawat Deewanshi , Goel Richa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Maternal mortality perdures to be a major challenge for India like in other developing countries. Though the efforts to increase the institutional deliveries have resulted in appreciable results, it has not translated to the corresponding decline in maternal mortality rates. Dearth in quality of care especially concerning respectful maternity care in health facilities is considered as a major reason for this phenomenon. This work describes the development process of the study tool to assess respectful maternity care in the health facilities of India. Methods: A collaborative approach was employed for the development of a comprehensive tool to be used to assess respectful maternity care in the Indian setting. The tool development process comprised of four steps: 1) literature review and meeting with Technical Advisory Group; 2) the National Stakeholders workshop and development of the initial tool; 3) feedback on the tool from twenty tertiary care public health facilities from various regions of India; 4) the final tool and its validity approval by Technical Advisory Group. Results: A comprehensive tool was made comprising of indicators for assessing deficits in respectful maternity care, and for assessing contextual data of the health care facility. The initial tool was tested at twenty facilities. The changes suggested and observed were adapted, and the final tool was prepared. The Technical Advisory Group approved the content validity of the tool.Conclusions: A comprehensive tool was made to assess various aspects of respectful maternity care provided in tertiary Indian institutional settings aiding in in a deeper understanding of the phenomenon. This tool is recommended, especially to health care providers of India, for assessing the status of maternity care in health facilities and bringing the required interventions in the health care facilities.
Comparison of syntax score and syntax score II to predict peri-procedural myocardial injury during percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Bayramoğlu Adil , Hidayet Şıho , Dereli Seçkin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Peri-procedural myocardial infarction(PPI) is an increase in cardiac enzymes during percutaneous coronary intervention. The development of this condition is associated with a poor prognosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the development of PPI in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention and the factors that predict patients who developed PPI.
Method:

A total of 160 consequtive patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into two groups as PPI developing and not developing PPI. The clinical characteristics, laboratory and angiographic features of groups were compared. The SS and SS II was calculated by using the online calculator.
Results

PPI was devoloped in 44 (27.5%) patients during PCI procedure. SS ,SSII, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), age were identified as independent predictors of PPI. A higher rate of PPI was observed in those with SSII over 35. When compaired of the ROC curves showed that area under curve of SS II was larger than that of SS (AUC 0.855 vs. 0.741, p = 0.039)
Conclusion

In the study; age GFR, SS and SSII were observed to be independent predictors of PPI. SSII may be a more useful tool than SS for prediction PPI during elective percutaneous coronary intervention.
Potential Distribution of Fall Armyworm in Africa and Beyond, Considering Climate Change and Irrigation Patterns
Authors: Timilsena Bipana Paudel , Niassy Saliou , Kimathi Emily , Abdel-Rahman Elfatih. M. , Seidl-Adams Irmgard , Wamalwa Mark , Tonnang Henri E. Z. , Ekesi Sunday , Hughes David P. , Rajotte Edwin G. , Subramanian Sevgan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (FAW), first invaded Africa in 2016 and has since become established in many areas across the continent where it poses a serious threat to food and nutrition security. We re-parameterized the existing CLIMEX model to assess the FAW global invasion threat, emphasizing the risk of transient and permanent population establishment in Africa under current and predicted future climates, considering irrigation patterns. FAW can establish itself in almost all countries in eastern and central Africa and a large part of western Africa under the current climate. Climatic barriers, such as heat and dry stresses, may limit the spread of FAW to North and South Africa. Future predictions suggest that FAW invasive range will retract from both northern and southern regions towards the equator. However, a large area in eastern and central Africa is predicted to have an optimal climate for FAW persistence. These areas will serve as FAW ‘hotspots’ from where it may migrate to the north and south during winter seasons and then pose an economic threat. Our projections can be used to identify countries at risk for permanent and transient FAW-population establishment and inform timely integrated pest management interventions under present and future climate in Africa.
A systematic review protocol to explore the prevalence and impacts of neurodevelopmental disorders in the care experienced by looked after population
Authors: Heady Nicola Jane , Watkins Alan , John Ann , Hutchings Hayley 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Looked after children (LAC) placed in either a foster care, kinship, residential or adoption care settings continue to develop debilitating disorders that significantly impact their future overall wellbeing. Prevalence of these disorders are often depicted under broad categories such as mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Limited in research, is the prevalence of specific disorders that fall under these broad categories.NDDs such as autism or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder which cannot be medically tested for and fall under an umbrella group in the current, expert field of genetics and neuropsychiatry will be explored. Unsupported, these disorders can lead to suboptimal health and social outcomes for both the child and family. In the general population, prevalence of these NDDs and impacts on health and social wellbeing are relatively well documented but for minority groups such as LAC; research is extremely limited. This review will aim to estimate the prevalence of NDDs in LAC and compare to those children who are not looked after. Additionally, it will identify if NDDs have any impact on the health and social wellbeing of this vulnerable group.Methods: This review will report in accordance with the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. PubMed, ASSIA, IBSS, Web of Science, PsychINFO, Scopus, Psych articles, Social Care Online, secondary, grey literature and government publications will be searched to identify any eligible studies. No restrictions will be placed on age or design of publication. Eligible studies must include participants, 25 years of age or under and have confirmed diagnoses using standardised international diagnostic codes or tools. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals using the random-effects model will be utilised to analyse the data. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools will be utilised to assess quality and bias.Discussion: Attaining an estimated prevalence of these NDDs in the LAC group and identifying any impacts on health and social wellbeing will contribute to the existing but limited LAC literature. From a preventative perspective, the results will inform key stakeholders in health, educational and social sectors with important information to aid in safeguarding and meeting the unique needs of these vulnerable children.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO Registration number: CRD4201913103
Radical Resection of T3N2M0 Esophageal Cancer Under Bilateral Thoracoscopy: A Case Report
Authors: Gao Mingcheng , Zhu Yulin , Yan Gu , Shi Zhan , Chang Huiwen , Wu Jixiang , Song Jianxiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Many esophageal cancer patients with lymph node metastases during surgery are recommended for postoperative radiation therapy. However, postoperative radiation could cause many serious adverse reactions. Here, we introduce a new radical operation for esophageal cancer under bilateral thoracoscopy to reduce the adverse reactions of postoperative radiation.Case presentation: A 50-year-old man was diagnosed with Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by gastroscopy. Because the tumor was found to have obvious invasion and rapid pathology showed positive lymph nodes during the operation, which is in line with the postoperative chemotherapy indication, we adopted a bilateral thoracic approach for esophageal cancer to reduce adverse reactions of postoperative radiotherapy. We successfully guided the tubular stomach through the left thoracic aortic arch to the left thoracic cavity, and then performed an esophageal-tubular stomach anastomosis on the left neck under bilateral thoracoscopy to reduce radiation exposure to the remnant stomach. The operation went well.Conclusion: For patients with esophageal cancer who are found to have radiotherapy indications during the operation, bilateral thoracoscopic radical resection of esophageal cancer should be preferred during the operation to improve the postoperative radiotherapy effect.
Immunogenicity of Oral Vaccine Candidate in Recombinant Lactococcus lactis Expressing HBcAg and IFNα-2b for Hepatitis B Prevention
Authors: Mustopa Apon Zaenal , Meilina Lita , Budiarti Sri , Darusman Huda Shalahudin , Triratna Lita , Kusumawati Arizah , Sukmarini Linda , Mihardi Arief Purwo , Utami Dian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B is a liver inflammation caused by virus infection leading to acute and chronic conditions. Antigenic compound of HBcAg could induce specific T and B cell that generating high immunity response rather than HBsAg. Therapeutic agent for hepatitis and cancer treatment which has been approved by USFDA is Interferon α-2b (IFNα-2b). This type of class I cytokine plays a role in inhibiting viral replication and modulating adaptive immune system. Objectives: In this study, we analyzed immunogenicity of recombinant HBcAg and IFNα-2b expressed in L. lactis NZ3900. Methods: In vivo test was carried out using female Balb/c mice. Antibody responses for oral immunization were quantified as total IgG using ELISA on days 21, 35 and 51. Safety compound of this oral vaccine candidate was also described by liver and spleen condition after immunization. The differential leukocyte counting was performed to confirm the inflammatory process. Results: Post immunization with L. lactis recombinant strains could induce optimum total humoral immune responses on day 35, with IgG concentration at 4.96±1.03 mg/mL. Single treatment with HBcAg was more potent in inducing immune response (IgG) rather than HBcAg-IFNa-2b combination. Immunization for 51 days could not alleviate animal body weight in each group. The maintaining IgG production until 51 days was just because lymphocytes activities persisted above 70%. The lymphocytes number which achieved 76.3% (P2) and 78.3% (P3) compared to Control group with 62%. Conclusion: Single treatment with recombinant HBcAg expressed in L. lactis NZ3900 was better inducing IgG production and maintaining for 51 days. This result suggested, L. lactis recombinant strain can be as potential vaccine candidate to induce immune response protecting from hepatitis B virus. Moreover, no organ damage was found in liver and spleen of Balb/c mice.
Application of a 2D hydrodynamic model for the assessment of the influencing factor in Xiangxi Bay of the Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors: DUTTA RANOJIT KUMAR , Das Baishakhi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A two-dimensional (2D), laterally averaged, hydrodynamic and water quality model, CE-QUAL-W2, was used to simulate the hydrodynamics and water temperatures of Xiangxi Bay (XXB) of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR). Algal blooms occurred seasonally in XXB which is influenced by density currents. The CE-QUAL-W2 model was calibrated using data collected in XXB from January to December 2010. The model was then used to examine the environmental factors that affect the density currents. The model predicted density currents such as overflows, interflows and underflows of the XXB. The results suggest that more than 25%, 58.33% and 16.67% of the density currents that occurred in the XXB were overflow, interflow and underflow, respectively. Field observations were conducted including travel distance and thickness of intrusion layer for 24 days in 2010. The average travel distance of overflow, interflow and underflow in XXB was 15.50 km, 8.78 km, and 9 km based on observations and 16 km, 9.40 km, 9.60 km based on the model results. Therefore, numerical simulations of density currents can be predicted to better understand the hydrodynamics and aquatic ecosystems in XXB of TGR.