bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating null and potent modes of feedforward communication in a computational model of cortical activity
Authors: Thivierge Jean-Philippe , Pilzak Artem 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCommunication across anatomical areas of the brain is key to both sensory and motor processes. Dimensionality reduction approaches have shown that the covariation of activity across cortical areas follows well-delimited patterns. Some of these patterns fall within the “potent space” of neural interactions and generate downstream responses; other patterns fall within the “null space” and prevent the feedforward propagation of synaptic inputs. Despite growing evidence for the role of null space activity in visual processing as well as preparatory motor control, a mechanistic understanding of its neural origins is lacking. Here, we developed a mean-rate model that allowed for the systematic control of feedforward propagation by potent and null modes of interaction. In this model, altering the number of null modes led to no systematic changes in firing rates, correlations, or mean synaptic strengths across areas, making it difficult to characterize feedforward communication with common measures of functional connectivity. A novel measure termed the null ratio captured the proportion of null modes relayed from one area to another. Applied to simultaneous recordings of primate cortical areas V1 and V2 during image viewing, the null ratio revealed that feedforward interactions have a broad null space that may reflect properties of visual stimuli.
Analysing and identifying miRNAs from RNA-seq data using miRDeep2 tool in Galaxy, a practical guide
Authors: Rafsanjani M. Rifqi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMicro-RNAs (miRNAs) analysis from RNA-seq experiment data provides additional depth into the cellular gene regulation. Such analysis has been simplified using miRDeep2 tool available in freely accessible Galaxy Europe server and miRBase database that compiled the miRNAs in many organisms. Here, we are describing a step by step protocol on how to ultilised the tool and most importantly on how to prepared and compiled miRDeep2 results to be used for downstream analysis such as investigating the differential expression of the detected miRNAs. Currently miRDeep2 miRNAs count result output in the Galaxy are in the broken HTML page and processing such data are troublesome for further analysis unless the user setting up their software dependencies for the tool to run. Hence, we proposed a method to process this output so that it is usable for downstream processing without a single coding required.
Sculpting rupture-free nuclear shapes in fibrous environments
Authors: Jana Aniket , Tran Avery , Gill Amritpal , Kapania Rakesh K. , Konstantopoulos Konstantinos , Nain Amrinder S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCytoskeleton-mediated force transmission regulates nucleus morphology. How nuclei shaping occurs in fibrous in vivo environments remains poorly understood. Here a suspended nanofiber assay of precisely-tunable (nm-μm) diameters is used to quantify nucleus plasticity in fibrous environments mimicking the natural extracellular matrix. In contrast to the apical cap over the nucleus in cells on 2-dimensional surfaces, the cellular cytoskeleton of cells on fibers displays a uniform actin network caging the nucleus. The role of contractility-driven caging in sculpting nuclear shapes is investigated as cells spread on aligned single fibers, doublets, and multiple fibers of varying diameters. Cell contractility increases with fiber diameter due to increased focal adhesion clustering and density of actin stress fibers, which correlates with increased mechanosensitive transcription factor YAP translocation to the nucleus. Unexpectedly, large- and small-diameter fiber combinations lead to teardrop-shaped nuclei due to stress-fiber anisotropy across the cell. As cells spread on fibers, diameter-dependent invaginations that run the nucleus’s length are formed at contact sites. The deepest and sharpest invaginations are insufficient to trigger nucleus rupture, often observed in 2D or confined systems. Overall, we describe the unknown adaptability of nuclei to fibrous environments and resultant sculpting of the nucleus shapes, with pathophysiological implications.
Weight-loss diets among female Korean adolescents: a pilot study based on a social media platform
Authors: Kim So-young , Kim Meeyoung 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe study aimed to analyse the nutritional quality of self-proposed or prescribed weight-loss diets shared by female Korean adolescents through a social media platform and identified potential dietary problems.Design/methodology/approachA total of 317 weight-loss diets, shared by 107 female adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 in April 2019, were collected from three Kakao Open Chat rooms of which the main topic was “weight-loss diet”. The weight-loss diets were converted to daily energy and nutrient intake.FindingsApproximately two-thirds of the subjects were normal or underweight, and more than half of them were limiting energy intake to less than half of the recommended daily amounts. The average daily intake of energy and most nutrients did not meet the standard intake levels. Approximately 20% of the subjects were breakfast skippers, while 8 and 5% were dinner and lunch skippers, respectively. Notably, meal skippers tended to fast longer and have an uneven distribution of daily energy intake per meal. The percentages of energy contribution from macronutrients, particularly carbohydrates, also deviated more from the acceptable range in the meal skippers. The weight-loss diets of the subjects with particularly low daily energy intake were categorised into simplified, unbalanced and nutrient-poor, energy-dense meals. Overall, the nutritional quality of the self-proposed or prescribed weight-loss diets was poor. More effective and proactive educational interventions in school environments should be developed to promote positive eating behaviours in adolescents and free them from their obsession with body image.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first attempt to analyse the nutritional quality of female adolescents' self-proposed or prescribed weight-loss diets.
The effects of a sustainable vs conventional apparel advertisement on consumer perception of CSR image and attitude toward the brand
Authors: Lee Yukyung , Lin Carolyn A. 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis study examined whether marketing an apparel product via an advertisement with a sustainability vs a conventional message would affect consumer perception of the brand's CSR image and their attitude toward the brand.Design/methodology/approachAn online experiment via a posttest-only between-group design with random assignment was administered with a college student sample from a large northeastern university in the US.FindingsExposure to an advertisement with a sustainability message had a direct effect on the brand's CSR image, which mediated the relationship between advertisement exposure and (1) perceived brand innovativeness and (2) consumer-brand identification. CSR image positively predicted brand innovativeness, consumer-brand identification and attitude toward the brand. Prior attitude toward sustainable apparel was a significant moderator between advertisement exposure and (1) CSR image and (2) consumer-brand identification.Originality/valueThis study is among the first to test the effects of apparel advertising with a sustainability message on the relationship between consumer and the brand. Study findings contribute to industry knowledge by elucidating the potential effects of an apparel ad with a sustainability message on a brand's CSR image and innovativeness as well as consumer identification with and attitude toward the brand.
EEG signal artefact removal using flower pollination fractional calculus optimisation
Authors: Anem Jayalaxmi , Sateeshkumar G. , Madhu R. 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe main aim of this paper is to design a technique for improving the quality of EEG signal by removing artefacts which is obtained during acquisition. Initially, pre-processing is done on EEG signal for quality improvement. Then, by using wavelet transform (WT) feature extraction is done. The artefacts present in the EEG are removed using deep convLSTM. This deep convLSTM is trained by proposed fractional calculus based flower pollination optimisation algorithm.Design/methodology/approachNowadays' EEG signals play vital role in the field of neurophysiologic research. Brain activities of human can be analysed by using EEG signals. These signals are frequently affected by noise during acquisition and other external disturbances, which lead to degrade the signal quality. Denoising of EEG signals is necessary for the effective usage of signals in any application. This paper proposes a new technique named as flower pollination fractional calculus optimisation (FPFCO) algorithm for the removal of artefacts from EEG signal through deep learning scheme. FPFCO algorithm is the integration of flower pollination optimisation and fractional calculus which takes the advantages of both the flower pollination optimisation and fractional calculus which is used to train the deep convLSTM. The existed FPO algorithm is used for solution update through global and local pollinations. In this case, the fractional calculus (FC) method attempts to include the past solution by including the second order derivative. As a result, the suggested FPFCO algorithm approaches the best solution faster than the existing flower pollination optimization (FPO) method. Initially, 5 EEG signals are contaminated by artefacts such as EMG, EOG, EEG and random noise. These contaminated EEG signals are pre-processed to remove baseline and power line noises. Further, feature extraction is done by using WT and extracted features are applied to deep convLSTM, which is trained by proposed fractional calculus based flower pollination optimisation algorithm. FPFCO is used for the effective removal of artefacts from EEG signal. The proposed technique is compared with existing techniques in terms of SNR and MSE.FindingsThe proposed technique is compared with existing techniques in terms of SNR, RMSE and MSE.Originality/value100%.
Exploring supply chain issues affecting food access and security among urban poor in South Africa
Authors: Tuomala Virva , Grant David B. 
Published: October 2021

PurposeAccess to food through retail supply chain distribution can vary significantly among the urban poor and leads to household food insecurity. The paper explores this sustainable supply chain phenomenon through a field study among South Africa's urban poor.Design/methodology/approachUrban metabolic flows is the theoretical basis in the context of supply chain management (SCM). The field study comprised 59 semi-structured interviews in one South African township. Data were recorded, transcribed and translated, and coded using NVivo 12 to provide an inventory of eight themes categorized and patterned from the analysis.FindingsFindings indicate societal factors play a significant role affecting food distribution, access and security from a spatial perspective of retail outlet locations and a nutritional standpoint regarding quality and quantity of food.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is exploratory in one township, and while rigorously conducted, the generalizability of findings is limited to this context.Practical implicationsThe study practically contributes by providing guidance for food retailers and policymakers to include nutritional guidelines in their distribution planning, as well as the dynamics of diverse neighbourhoods that exist in modern urban contexts.Social implicationsNew forms of retail food distribution can provide better security and access to food for the urban poor, contributing to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2 Zero Hunger and 11 Liveable Cities.Originality/valueThe study is interdisciplinary and contributes by linking UN SDGs and SCM through urban metabolic flows from development studies as an overarching framework to enable analysis of relationships between physical, social and economic factors in the urban environment.
Risk management in residential projects in the United States: implementation status, evaluation techniques and barriers
Authors: Adamtey Simon , Kereri James Ogechi 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Residential projects frequently suffer from low-risk management (RM) implementation and, consequently, are more likely to fail to meet performance objectives. With RM becoming an essential requirement, the purpose of this study is to investigate RM implementation in terms of status, risk analysis techniques, barriers and impact of RM on residential projects across the USA.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from 105 general contractors who had completed 3,265 residential projects in the past five years. Data collection was through a US national survey sent out through emails between August and November 2019 to residential general contractor firms. The firms were randomly selected from national organizations, such as the National Association of Home Builders, Associated General Contractors of America and Associated Builders and Contractors.

Findings
The analysis indicated that RM implementation is still extremely low at 22.27%. However, there was an increase in RM implementation as the cost and duration of projects increased. Direct judgment is the most used technique. Also, the one-sample t-test indicated that the barriers have a significant impact on RM implementation. Multinomial logistic regression results indicated that the impact of lack of management support, lack of money or budget, the complexity of analytical tools and lack of time to perform analysis predict the impact on the overall performance of construction projects. Overall, the results provide empirical evidence, which can influence management’s decision-making regarding RM and improve implementation in residential projects.

Originality/value
There is a lack of empirical evidence on the impact of barriers to RM implementation on the performance of construction projects. This research contributes to the body of knowledge by bridging this gap through a robust analysis of data collected from real residential projects.
A strategic entrepreneurship framework for an emerging economy: reconciling dynamic capabilities and entrepreneurial orientation
Authors: Mustafa Muhammad Bilal , Saleem Irfan , Dost Mir 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This study aims to use dynamic capability theory to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities (DC) on the firm’s entrepreneurial performance through strategic entrepreneurship (SE).

Design/methodology/approach
To address the research objective, the authors obtained data from larger organisations operating in an emerging Pakistani economy.

Findings
Findings reveal that, in emerging markets, DC are essential elements that influence the organisation’s opportunity-seeking and advantage-seeking behaviours to ensure the firm’s entrepreneurial performance.

Research limitations/implications
The present study implies that training is needed for the managers and team leaders of emerging market corporates to think entrepreneurially by revising the strategic goals of the corporate.

Practical implications
SE-based executive training should also be compulsory for the top management teams, including the board of directors for larger firms.

Social implications
SE is a critically important business concept and should be taught in the emerging market’s business schools as a course at the graduate level.

Originality/value
This paper strengthens entrepreneurship literature by using a unique context of an emerging market and suggests a unique SE-based framework for the firms operating in emerging markets.
How could external auditors assess the rationalization of fraud?
Authors: Kassem Rasha 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This study aims to explore methods that external auditors can use to assess the rationalization of fraud in fraud risk assessment in auditing.

Design/methodology/approach
An online questionnaire was used to collect data from 150 Big 4 auditors.

Findings
The results reveal a total of 18 methods that auditors can use to assess the rationalization of fraud. However, some methods were recommended more than others by the auditors in this study. These methods include incorporating the assessment of rationalization into the assessment of motives for fraud and integrity, understanding the client’s business and regulatory environment, inquiring management and the board of directors about past fraud cases and observing management responses and reactions during auditors’ inquiry about fraud-related matters.

Practical implications
The guidance provided by this study could help enhance auditors’ skills in assessing fraud risks, which, in turn, may increase the likelihood of detecting fraud. The guide could also be helpful for audit firms in their fraud training programs.

Originality/value
This study is the first to explore methods for assessing the rationalization of fraud by drawing on the experience and insights of Big 4 auditors.
Effects of faults in the application of fire retardants in correlation with the efficiency of fire retardant materials on fire performance
Authors: Lubloy Eva , Enczel David Istvan , Takács Lajos Gábor , Cimer Zsolt , Biró András 
Published: October 2021

PurposeFire protection regulations are difficult to comply with in the case of wooden structures because of the fact that wood is a combustible material. The fire protection of wood can be solved with coatings or by the application of flame retardants.Design/methodology/approachThe standard of MSZ EN 1995‐1‐2 currently does not allow the consideration of fire retardants in case of scaling the fire load. In spite of the aforementioned, today there are many types of retardants on the market that are reliable and allow us to achieve a better fire protection classification.FindingsThe question is how sensitive a wood preservative is to a construction fault, or what would be the result of the erroneously applied fire retardant to the fire protection characteristics of timber used in constructions.Originality/valueDuring the research, five different fire retardants were tested on three types of wood and their behaviour was monitored under controlled laboratory circumstances. When selecting the wood, it was important to take the wood species that are most commonly used in the construction industry, and their density should be as different as possible. During the tests, the wood preservative was applied incorrectly, modelling the following cases: applying less or more wood preservatives, and creating small and large faults.
Assurance quality, disclosed connectivity of the capitals and information asymmetry – An interaction analysis for the case of integrated reporting
Authors: Grassmann Michael , Fuhrmann Stephan , Guenther Thomas W. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Credibility concerns regarding integrated reports can harm the intended decrease of information asymmetry between a firm and its investors. Therefore, it is crucial to examine whether voluntary third-party assurance enhances the credibility of integrated reports and, thus, decreases information asymmetry. Furthermore, this study aims to investigate the interaction effect between assurance quality and the disclosed connectivity of the capitals, a distinguishing feature of integrated reports.

Design/methodology/approach
Content analysis is performed of the 176 assurance statements included in the 269 integrated reports of Forbes Global 2000 firms disclosed from 2013 to 2015 and the 269 integrated reports themselves. Regression analyzes are applied to examine the associations between assurance, the disclosed connectivity of the capitals and information asymmetry.

Findings
The presence of an assurance statement in an integrated report significantly decreases information asymmetry. Surprisingly, assurance quality is not significantly associated with information asymmetry. However, an interaction analysis reveals that combining high assurance quality with high disclosed connectivity of the capitals allows a significant decrease in information asymmetry.

Research limitations/implications
The paper demonstrates that the connectivity of the capitals of integrated reports and assurance quality are connected and together are associated with information asymmetry.

Practical implications
The results imply, both for report preparers and standard setters, that assurance quality is advantageous only when combined with disclosed connectivity of the capitals.

Social implications
More information on non-financial information measured by the connectivity of the capitals of integrated reporting has an interaction effect together with assurance quality on information asymmetry.

Originality/value
This paper builds on a unique data set derived from the contents of integrated reports and accompanying assurance statements. Furthermore, it extends the integrated reporting literature by investigating the interaction between assurance quality and the disclosed connectivity of the capitals, which had not previously been examined in combination.
Knitted cardiac mesh to support left ventricular hypertrophy: an in vivo experimental study: supporting left ventricular hypertrophy using cardiac support mesh
Authors: Elgohary Doaa H. , Khalifa Tamer F. , Salem Mona M. , M. Aly Nermin , Hassan Elham , Shamaa Ashraf A. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this work is to perform an application study on experimental animals (dogs) to investigate the efficiency of using weft knitted mesh fabric as cardiac support mesh to support left ventricular hypertrophy.

Design/methodology/approach
In this work, weft-knitted mesh sample “Knitted Cardiac Support Mesh” manufactured using Nylon (6, 6) yarns, with count 20 Denier and medium mesh size, was placed around the two ventricles to prevent further dilatation, support and reduce left ventricular wall stress.

Findings
Medical textile is a rapidly expanding field in technical textiles that are widely used in a variety of medical applications. One of these medical textile applications is “Knitted Cardiac Support Mesh”, which is used in the treatment of Dilated Cardiomyopathy.

Originality/value
After the implantation of the manufactured Knitted Cardiac Support Mesh around the myocardium, all dogs survived for three months before being euthanized, and some clinical examinations were performed to investigate and evaluate the sample performance. It was demonstrated from the experimental application, that the nylon mesh sample performed the best during the surgical operation due to its good ability to stretch and recover at a moderate rate, as well as the textile mesh lightweight.