bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inventory diagnosis for flow improvement—A design science approach
Authors: Land Martin J. , Thürer Matthias , Stevenson Mark , Fredendall Lawrence D. , Scholten Kirstin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractImproving flow is a core Operations Management theme that is set to become even more important following contemporary developments in manufacturing, such as smart products and digital encapsulation that enable new control concepts such as multi‐agent holonic control. But, companies often struggle to realize flow improvements in practice, both with and without new technologies. While the literature agrees on the importance of flow, a structured and independent process that supports managers in identifying the root causes of why flow items wait in inventories instead of being processed is missing. Managers often use a single production management concept, such as lean production or the theory of constraints, when they seek to understand the reasons for a flow problem, which may lead to misdirected and unsuccessful interventions. In response, we use design science to develop a comprehensive approach to diagnosing flow problems that is independent from any production management concept. This diagnosis process results from successive iterations with five companies and supports the selection of appropriate analytical models and flow improvement solutions. It enables an organization to widen the focus of its flow improvement actions beyond the scope of a singular production management concept and complements the application of recent advances in technology, allowing smart products to quickly interpret what is happening in a location without first simulating and analyzing the whole system. Furthermore, the study expands buffer theories by showing that buffers have an internal hierarchy and can be absorbed by other buffers, while enhancing other theories related to coordination, material flow control, and lean improvement.
Carbon accumulation in kernels of low‐nitrogen maize is not limited by carbon availability but by an imbalance of carbon and nitrogen assimilates
Authors: Ning Peng , Maw Michael J. W. , Yang Lu , Fritschi Felix B. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground: Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) assimilate availability and their ratios are crucial for maize grain production and N‐use efficiency.Aim: Our aim was to give a mechanistic understanding of yield formation regulated by assimilate C:N balance during both early ear development and rapid grain filling.Methods: Maize was grown under field conditions with 0, 200, and 300 kg N ha−1 (referred to as N0, N200, and N300, respectively). Ear growth, grain yield, and dynamics of total C and N accumulation in ear leaves, cobs, and developing kernels (apical and basal proportions separated from the longitudinally middle of ear) were investigated, as well as the non‐structural carbohydrates and free amino acids.Results: Compared to N‐sufficient plants, low‐N plants contained 16% to 70% less N and 8% to 50% less C in the developing kernels, causing 43% to 52% yield losses, which indicated that low‐N kernels received less amino acid per unit sugar from the maternal plants. This was supported by lower concentrations of the main N transport molecules (glutamine and asparagine) in ear leaves at silking and 21 days after silking (DAS) coupled with the larger amounts of C accumulated as starch under N deficient compared to adequate N supply. Nitrogen treatment did not influence the concentrations of total free amino acids and soluble protein in the cob, neither at silking nor 21 DAS, but it did influence cob free amino acid composition. Compared to the adequate N supply, low‐N plants contained 75% and 57% less glutamine and asparagine in apical kernels at silking, as well as 36% and 31% less in basal kernels. Free amino acid concentrations in both cob and kernels were less responsive to N treatments at 21 DAS than at silking, especially in the basal ear halves.Conclusion: Maize grain production under low‐N environment can be more attributed to the balance in assimilate composition, particularly the amino acid profile, than the C‐assimilate availability for ear growth and development.
Differential physiological behavior of sugarcane genotypes in response to sparingly soluble phosphorus‐sources
Authors: Zhou Wenling , Chen Diwen , Zeng Qiaoying , Tahir Mukkram Ali , Wu Qihua , Huang Ying , Jiang Yong , Li Qiwei , Ao Junhua , Huang Zhenrui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAims: This study was initiated to evaluate different responses of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) genotypes to sparingly soluble phosphorus (P) treatments and to identify useful plant traits contributing to P efficiency for the selection of efficient and responsive genotypes.Methods: Plant growth, root morphological parameters, photosynthetic parameters, and P efficiency were evaluated under soluble P [KH2PO4 (K‐P)] and sparingly soluble P [Ca3(PO4)2 (Ca‐P), AlPO4 (Al‐P), FePO4 · 4 H2O (Fe‐P), and sodium phytate C6H6O24P6Na12 (Org‐P)] treatments using sand cultures.Results: Sugarcane growth was inhibited under sparingly soluble P or low P treatments, by an average of 22.9% or 71.3% reduction in shoot and root biomass, respectively. Al‐P and Org‐P had higher bioavailability than Fe‐P and Ca‐P for the tested sugarcane genotypes, which showed lower rate decreases for biomass, root morphological and photosynthetic parameters under Al‐P and Org‐P treatment than those under Fe‐P and Ca‐P. In addition, the P content in shoot decreased by an average of 29.2% and 39.2% under Al‐P and Org‐P treatment, respectively, while 55.7% and 62.9% reduction was detected under Fe‐P and Ca‐P treatment, respectively, compared with K‐P treatment. BC2‐32 (hybrid progeny of sugarcane and E. arundinaceus) exhibiting greater P absorption efficiency than other two genotypes under P‐starvation treatments; and the root length, root surface areas, root volume, P accumulation, net photosynthetic rate, and shoot and root dry matter of BC2‐32 were greater than those of other genotypes under sparingly soluble P forms. Significantly correlations were found between root morphological parameters, photosynthetic parameters and P efficiency under sparingly soluble P and low‐P treatment, indicating that stronger root system and less sensitivity of photosynthesis may contribute greatly to activate and take up more P from sparingly soluble P sources.Conclusions: Therefore, BC2‐32 would be the ideal material for breeding good varieties and exhibited better growth behavior to P‐deficient soils, and root morphological parameters and photosynthetic rate would be the useful plant traits in combination to screen these sugarcane varieties.
Radiological Society of North America/Quantitative Imaging Biomarker Alliance Shear Wave Speed Bias Quantification in Elastic and Viscoelastic Phantoms
Authors: Palmeri Mark L. , Milkowski Andy , Barr Richard , Carson Paul , Couade Mathieu , Chen Jun , Chen Shigao , Dhyani Manish , Ehman Richard , Garra Brian , Gee Albert , Guenette Gilles , Hah Zaegyoo , Lynch Ted , Macdonald Michael , Managuli Ravi , Miette Veronique , Nightingale Kathryn R. , Obuchowski Nancy , Rouze Ned C. , Morris D. Cody , Fielding Shana , Deng Yufeng , Chan Derek , Choudhury Kingshuk , Yang Siyun , Samir Anthony E. , Shamdasani Vijay , Urban Matthew , Wear Keith , Xie Hua , Ozturk Arinc , Qiang Bo , Song Pengfei , McAleavey Stephen , Rosenzweig Stephen , Wang Michael , Okamura Yoko , McLaughlin Glen , Chen Yuling , Napolitano David , Carlson Lindsey , Erpelding Todd , Hall Timothy J. 
Published: January 2021

ObjectivesTo quantify the bias of shear wave speed (SWS) measurements between different commercial ultrasonic shear elasticity systems and a magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) system in elastic and viscoelastic phantoms.MethodsTwo elastic phantoms, representing healthy through fibrotic liver, were measured with 5 different ultrasound platforms, and 3 viscoelastic phantoms, representing healthy through fibrotic liver tissue, were measured with 12 different ultrasound platforms. Measurements were performed with different systems at different sites, at 3 focal depths, and with different appraisers. The SWS bias across the systems was quantified as a function of the system, site, focal depth, and appraiser. A single MRE research system was also used to characterize these phantoms using discrete frequencies from 60 to 500 Hz.ResultsThe SWS from different systems had mean difference 95% confidence intervals of ±0.145 m/s (±9.6%) across both elastic phantoms and ± 0.340 m/s (±15.3%) across the viscoelastic phantoms. The focal depth and appraiser were less significant sources of SWS variability than the system and site. Magnetic resonance elastography best matched the ultrasonic SWS in the viscoelastic phantoms using a 140 Hz source but had a − 0.27 ± 0.027‐m/s (−12.2% ± 1.2%) bias when using the clinically implemented 60‐Hz vibration source.ConclusionsShear wave speed reconstruction across different manufacturer systems is more consistent in elastic than viscoelastic phantoms, with a mean difference bias of < ±10% in all cases. Magnetic resonance elastographic measurements in the elastic and viscoelastic phantoms best match the ultrasound systems with a 140‐Hz excitation but have a significant negative bias operating at 60 Hz. This study establishes a foundation for meaningful comparison of SWS measurements made with different platforms.
Addressing the sins of consumer psychology via the evolutionary lens
Authors: Saad Gad 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAs is true of any scientific discipline, consumer psychology faces some challenges, many of which can be ameliorated via the use of evolutionary psychology. This includes broadening the scope of the research questions tackled as well as their interestingness; increasing the epistemological and theoretical scope of the discipline; reducing the likelihood of succumbing to the WEIRD sampling bias; decreasing methodological fixation; increasing interdisciplinarity; and augmenting the ethos of replications as well as the field's consilience via the building of consilient nomological networks of cumulative evidence. Modern‐day consumers exhibit preferences and behaviors that are vestiges of evolutionary forces that occurred long ago in deep evolutionary time. Marketing academics and practitioners alike, seeking to unlock the mysteries of what makes consumers tick, can only be enriched in recognizing that Homo consumericus is a product of the same evolutionary processes that have shaped all life forms. To deny this reality ensures that marketing knowledge will remain largely decoupled from biology, and in doing so engender at best an incomplete understanding of consumer behavior.
Advances in pathogenesis and precision medicine for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Qian‐Ying , Zhao Ge‐Xin , Li Yan , Talakatta Girish , Mai Hai‐Qiang , Le Quynh‐Thu , Young Lawrence S. , Zeng Mu‐Sheng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a squamous carcinoma with apparent geographical and racial distribution, mostly prevalent in East and Southeast Asia, particularly concentrated in southern China. The epidemiological trend over the past decades has suggested a substantial reduction in the incidence rate and mortality rate due to NPC. These results may reflect changes in lifestyle and environment, and more importantly, a deeper comprehension of the pathogenic mechanism of NPC, leading to much progress in the preventing, screening, and treating for this cancer. Herein, we present the recent advances on the key signal pathways involved in pathogenesis of NPC, the mechanism of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) entry into the cell, and the progress of EBV vaccine and screening biomarkers. We will also discuss in depth the development of various therapeutic approaches including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. These research advancements have led to a new era of precision medicine in NPC.
Parcellation of human periaqueductal gray at 7‐T fMRI in full and empty bladder state: The foundation to study dynamic connectivity changes related to lower urinary tract functioning
Authors: de Rijk Mathijs M. , van den Hurk Job , Rahnama'i Mohammad S. , van Koeveringe Gommert A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsThe periaqueductal gray (PAG) is a brain stem area involved in processing signals related to urine storage and voiding. The PAG is proposed to be responsible for projecting afferent information from the bladder to cortical and subcortical brain areas and acts as a relay station projecting efferent information from cortical and subcortical areas to the pons and spinal cord. Here, we use 7‐Tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging to parcellate the PAG into functionally distinct clusters during a bladder filling protocol.MethodsWe assess the similarity between parcellation results in empty and full bladder states and show how these parcellations can be used to create dynamic response profiles of connectivity changes between clusters as a function of bladder sensations.ResultsFor each of our six healthy female participants, we found that the agreement between at least one of the clusters in both states resulting from the parcellation procedure was higher than could be expected based on chance (p ≤ .05), and observed that these clusters are significantly organized in a symmetrical lateralized fashion (p ≤ .05). Correlations between clusters change significantly as a function of experienced sensations during bladder filling (p ≤ .05).ConclusionsThis opens new possibilities to investigate the effects of treatments of lower urinary tract symptoms on signal processing in the PAG, as well as the investigation of disease‐specific bladder filling related dynamic signal processing in this small brain structure.
Efficacy and safety of mirabegron for the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity resulting from traumatic spinal cord injury: A prospective study
Authors: Vasudeva Pawan , Prasad Vishnu , Yadav Siddharth , Kumar Niraj , Saurav Kumar , Prashanth Y. M. , Tyagi Vijay 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the clinical, urodynamic efficacy, and safety of mirabegron in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) consequent to traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI).MethodsThis prospective cohort study was performed between January 2018 and July 2019 and included adult patients with stable traumatic suprasacral SCI, performing clean intermittent catheterization (CIC), and demonstrating NDO on urodynamic study (UDS). A 3‐day bladder diary was made at the baseline after which all patients were started on Mirabegron 50 mg. They were followed up at 6 weeks with a repeat bladder diary and UDS which were compared with those at the baseline.ResultsA total of 30 patients (4 females, 26 males, mean age: 30.07 years) were included. After 6 weeks of treatment, 5 out of the 29 incontinent patients became completely dry. The mean frequency of CIC decreased from 6.63 at the baseline to 5.37 at 6 weeks (p = .002), the mean CIC volume increased from 275 ml to 341 ml (p = .0002), the mean number of incontinence episodes in between CIC reduced from 3.97 to 2.27 (p < .0001) and time from CIC to leakage increased from 1.73 h to 2.75 h (p < .0001). The mean cystometric capacity increased from 348 ml to 406 ml (p = .008) and the maximum amplitude of NDO decreased from 54 cm H2O to 41 cm H2O (p = .005) at 6 weeks. Only two patients reported new onset dry mouth. No major adverse events were noted and none discontinued treatment.ConclusionMirabegron is efficacious and safe in patients with NDO consequent to traumatic SCI.
Factors associated with aggressive behaviour in persons with cognitive impairments using home care services: A retrospective cross‐sectional study
Authors: Schnelli Angela , Ott Stefan , Mayer Hanna , Zeller Adelheid 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the frequency of documented aggression, on the part of cognitively impaired individuals, against health professionals in home care services and to highlight related factors.DesignA retrospective cross‐sectional study was conducted using data obtained from the nursing documentation of six home care service organizations in Switzerland.MethodsWe analysed the nursing documentation of 1,186 clients in six home care services, between July 2019–September 2019, using the Cohen‐Mansfield Agitation Inventory. We conducted a factor analysis as well as a descriptive data analysis and logistic regression using IBM SPSS Statistics.ResultsA factor analysis revealed in five factors, of which three represented aggressive behaviour in the sample. These factors were physically aggressive behaviour, verbally aggressive behaviour and importunate behaviour. Aggressive incidents, documented in the nursing records of 14.7% of clients in our sample, tended to be associated with cognitive, communication and mobility difficulties.Impact statement

This retrospective cross‐sectional survey gives an overview of the frequency and forms of documented aggressive behaviour on the part of persons with cognitive impairments towards health professionals in home care services.

One of the motivating factors for this study was the awareness that aggressive behaviour on the part of clients may stress health professionals in various ways which in turn may have an impact on the quality of care provided.

The study revealed that healthcare specialists, rather than more qualified general or psychiatric nurses, were routinely assigned to assisting such clients and therefore specific educational and training interventions for these specific group of staff are indicated.
Assessment of boundary layer for flow of non‐Newtonian material induced by a moving belt with power law viscosity and thermal conductivity models
Authors: Hassan Mohsan , Al‐Khaled Kamel , Khan Sami Ullah , Tlili Iskander , Chammam Wathek 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe non‐Newtonian fluids have become quite prevalent in industry and engineering for different applications. When these fluids flow over industrial equipment, a boundary layer phenomenon is developed due surface friction of equipment. In this work, a boundary layer phenomenon for two famous non‐Newtonian fluids namely pseudoplastic and dilatant over moving belt is discussed. The physical problem is modeled through continuity, momentum and energy equations under boundary layer assumptions. In these equations, power law models for viscosity and thermal conductivity properties are used due to the non‐linear nature of fluids. The governing equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations via similarity variables and get the analytical solution by using Mathematica package BVPh 2. The assessment of boundary layer against dimensionless velocity and temperature distribution are calculated and displaced by graphically when the belt is moving in the same and opposite direction to flow and displayed graphically. In addition, momentum and thermal boundary layers thicknesses, the thickness momentum distribution and moving fluid surface are calculated numerically to understand the boundary layer structure and the deflation in mass flow rate and in the momentum flux. A progress trend for thermal as well as momentum boundary layers has been noticed and found the maximum discrepancy in mass flow rate in case of dilatant fluid. The thickness of boundary layer region is thicker for dilatants material due to higher viscosity.
Preparation and Applications of Carbon‐Based Fluorescent Nanothermometers
Authors: Sun Tianxia , Zhang Yang , Yan Ruyue , Jiang Yingnan , Zhao Yu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn recent years, carbon‐based fluorescent nanomaterials have been developed rapidly in biology and biomedicine due to their high optical absorptivity, adjustable fluorescent emission, chemical stability, well biocompatibility, and low toxicity. Their applications in temperature sensing have become one of the research hotspots. In this review, the authors summarize and sort out the carbon‐based fluorescent nanothermometers in the following work: 1) the types and temperature‐response mechanism of carbon‐based fluorescent nanomaterials are discussed; 2) the preparation methods of colorimetric fluorescent carbon‐based thermometers are introduced; 3) the applications of single/double emission carbon‐based fluorescent nanothermometers have been focused on. Finally, the authors give their own views on the future development direction of carbon‐based fluorescent nanothermometers. This review can provide guidance for the design and application of novel carbon‐based fluorescent nanothermometers.
Interplay of protein primary sequence, lipid membrane, and chaperone in β‐barrel assembly
Authors: Tiwari Pankaj B. , Mahalakshmi Radhakrishnan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe outer membrane of a Gram‐negative bacterium is a crucial barrier between the external environment and its internal physiology. This barrier is bridged selectively by β‐barrel outer membrane proteins (OMPs). The in vivo folding and biogenesis of OMPs necessitates the assistance of the outer membrane chaperone BamA. Nevertheless, OMPs retain the ability of independent self‐assembly in vitro. Hence, it is unclear whether substrate–chaperone dynamics is influenced by the intrinsic ability of OMPs to fold, the magnitude of BamA–OMP interdependence, and the contribution of BamA to the kinetics of OMP assembly. We addressed this by monitoring the assembly kinetics of multiple 8‐stranded β‐barrel OMP substrates with(out) BamA. We also examined whether BamA is species‐specific, or nonspecifically accelerates folding kinetics of substrates from independent species. Our findings reveal BamA as a substrate‐independent promiscuous molecular chaperone, which assists the unfolded OMP to overcome the kinetic barrier imposed by the bilayer membrane. We additionally show that while BamA kinetically accelerates OMP folding, the OMP primary sequence remains a vital deciding element in its assembly rate. Our study provides unexpected insights on OMP assembly and the functional relevance of BamA in vivo.
Safety analysis of safety‐critical systems for their applicability on NPP systems: A state‐of‐the‐art review
Authors: Kumar Vinay , Maurya Ashish Kumar , Singh Karam Veer , Singh Lalit Kumar , Singh Pooja , Hati Aditya Narayan , Singh Vibhav Prakash 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSince any risk in the safety‐critical systems (SCSs) might lead to a terrible disaster, the utmost quality attribute of these systems is safety. Researchers are putting their efforts to ensure the safety of such systems. This paper summarizes the state‐of‐the‐art in the area of the safety attribute of such critical systems. The in depth literature survey is performed to explore the several methods/models used for safety analysis of the SCS. The limitations of such methods are also shown regarding their applicability in SCS of the nuclear power plant (NPP). We also propose a framework to perform safety analysis, which can deal with these limitations and demonstrated the approach on a case study of NPP. Further, the direction for future work is advised to extend the further scope of research based on the case study.