bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network for Exploring Novel Therapeutic Options for Glioma
Authors: He Yi , Chen Yihong , Tong Yuxin , Long Wenyong , Liu Qing 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Glioma is the most common brain neoplasm with a poor prognosis. Circular RNA (circRNA) and their associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network play critical roles in the pathogenesis of glioma. However, the alteration of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and its correlation with glioma therapy haven’t been systematically analyzed.Methods: With GEO, GEPIA2, circBank, CSCD, CircInteractome, mirWalk 2.0, and mirDIP 4.1, we constructed a circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network in glioma. LASSO regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis established a hub mRNA signature to assess the prognosis. GSVA was used to estimate the immune infiltration level. Potential anti-glioma drugs were forecasted using the cMap database and evaluated with GSEA using GEO data.Results: A ceNRA network of 7 circRNAs (hsa_circ_0030788/0034182/0000227/0018086/0000229/0036592/0002765), 15 miRNAs(hsa-miR-1200/1205/1248/1303/3925-5p/5693/581/586/599/607/640/647/6867-5p/767-3p/935), and 46 mRNAs (including 11 hub genes of ARHGAP11A, DRP2, HNRNPA3, IGFBP5, IP6K2, KLF10, KPNA4, NRP2, PAIP1, RCN1, and SEMA5A) was constructed. Functional enrichment showed they influenced majority of the hallmarks of tumors. Eleven hub genes were proven to be decent prognostic signatures for glioma in both TCGA and CGGA datasets. 46 LASSO regression significant genes were closely related to immune infiltration. Finally, five compounds (fulvestrant, tanespimycin, mifepristone, tretinoin, and harman) were predicted as potential treatments for glioma. Among them, mifepristone and tretinoin were proven to inhibit the cell cycle and DNA repair in glioma.Conclusions: This study highlights the potential pathogenesis of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and identifies novel therapeutic options for glioma.
Multiplex immunofluorescence of spatial distribution of infiltrating T cells in different regions of hepatic lobules during liver transplantation rejection
Authors: Li Shipeng , Zhou Guangpeng , Sun Jie , Cui Bin , Zhang Haiming , Wei Lin , Sun Liying , Zhu Zhijun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
It is still unclear whether there are differences in the types and functional status of immune cells in different areas of the liver lobules after liver transplantation rejection. The composition of infiltrating T cells in liver allografts during liver transplantation rejection is unclear and difficult to visualize on the same biopsy slide. We used multiplex immunofluorescence assays to study the spatial distribution of various types of infiltrating T cells in different areas of the liver lobules after liver transplantation. In the same area of the hepatic lobules, the percentage of CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the acute rejection group was higher than that in the nonacute rejection and normal groups. Within all three groups, the percentage of CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells and Tregs from the periportal to perivenous zones was increased first and then decreased. The percentage of CD8 + T cells increased gradually from the periportal to perivenous zones, the percentage of CD8 + T cells in perivenous zone was higher than in the transitional and periportal zones in the rejection group. In conclusion, the percentage of CD8 + T cells in different regions of liver lobules is closely related to rejection level after liver transplantation. Acute liver transplantation rejection may occur when the percentage of CD8 + T cells in the perivenous zone increases. Although the percentage of regional CD4 + T could not reflect the rejection level, but the number of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in different regions was closely related to the rejection level.
Metal Biological Enrichment Capacities, Distribution Patterns and Health Risk Implications in a Major Aquacultured Fish Species Worldwide
Authors: Gu Yang-Guang , Wang Xu-Nuo , Wang Zeng-Huan , Huang Hong-Hui , Gong Xiu-Yu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Seabass (Lateolabrax japonicas) is a major aquacultured fish species worldwide. The bioconcentration, bioaccumulation and biomagnification of metals present in water, sediments and commercial feed were investigated in L. japonicas from an aquaculture pond in the Pearl River Delta (south China). Aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) were determined in the dorsal muscle, viscera, backbone, gill and stomach contents of L. japonicas. The gill and stomach contents were found to have higher levels of bioconcentration of most metals than other parts. Based on the bioaccumulation factor, the gill and backbone exhibited the highest accumulation of Zn, while the viscera had the highest capacity to accumulate Cu. The mean biomagnification factor values exceeded for As in dorsal muscle, for Cu in the viscera, for Cr and Pb in the gill, and for Al, Cr, Fe, Cu and Pb in the stomach contents, indicating efficient bioaccumulation from commercial feed and their habitat. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis revealed two groups that primarily resulted from the accumulation of metals in various parts of L. japonicas. Moreover, health risk assessment indicated that no notable adverse health effects are likely to occur from the ingestion of L. japonicas as an aquacultured food source.
RNA-Seq and Network Analysis Reveal Unique Chemokine Activity Gene Expression Signatures in Synovial Tissue From Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Zhang Runrun , Jin Yehua , Chang Cen , Zhou Xinpeng , Bian Yanqin , Shen Yu , Sun Yang , Schrodi Steven J. , Sun Songtao , Guo Shicheng , He dongyi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study identified to provide a comprehensive understanding of genome-wide expression patterns of synovial tissue from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients to investigate the potential mechanism RA occurrence and development. Methods: The transcription profiles of 9 RA and 15 control (osteoarthritis OA) synovial tissue were generated by RNA-Seq. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to analyze all detected genes and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by DESeq. To further analyze the DEGs, Gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs were constructed by STRING and the hub genes were identified by topology clustering with MCODE-Cytoscape. The most important hub genes were validated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: A total of 17736 genes were detected and 651 DEGs were identified. For the GSEA, significantly enriched gene sets positively correlated with the RA group were CD40 signaling over-activation, Th1 cytotoxic module in C2, over-activation of immune response, adaptive immune response in C5, In C7, the up-regulation of the gene set of effective versus memory CD8 T cell is related to RA group. The down-regulation of gene set of naïve versus effective CD8 T cell is related to RA group.in C7. Biology process enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched for signal transduction (P=1.52×10-08), immune response (P=1.94×10-22) and inflammatory response (P=1.11×10-11). Molecule function enrichment analysis revealed over-represented calcium ion binding (P=8.61×10-03), receptor binding (P=7.03×10-05) and chemokine activity (P=4.15×10-15). The DEGs were significantly enriched for plasma membrane (P=2.26×10-20), integral component of membrane (P=7.79×10-07), extracellular region (P=3.43×10-16) in cellular component. The KEGG pathway analysis showed that the DEGs were enriched in the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (P=6.86×10-21), chemokine signaling pathway (P=2.03×10-11), systemic lupus erythematosus(P=9.23×10-07), T cell receptor signaling pathway (P=6.59×10-06) and rheumatoid arthritis (P=3.24×10-05). We confirmed RA over-expressed PPI network hub genes included CXCL13, CXCL6, CCR5, CXCR5, CCR2, CXCL3, CXCL10 and RA down-regulated hub genes included SSTR1. Conclusions: The study identified and verified the DEGs between RA and OA synovial tissue which highlighted the activity of a subset of chemokine genes, thereby providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of RA pathogenesis and identified potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for RA.
Degeneration of lumbar paravertebral muscles in lumbar degenerative kyphosis with dynamic sagittal imbalance: A case-control study.
Authors: Ru Nan , Wang Guodong , Li Yang , Sun Jianmin , Cui Xingang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to probe the degeneration of lumbar paravertebral muscles in lumbar degenerative kyphosis (LDK) with dynamic sagittal imbalance (DSI).Method: A total of 132 patients with LDK were enrolled in the study. According to the ΔSVA of the full-spine lateral radiographs before and after walking, enrolled patients were divided into two groups: DSI group (31 cases) and control group (42 case). Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging examination was taken for each subject. Fat infiltration area (FIA)and muscle muscularity of multifidus (MF) and erector spinae (ES) were quantitatively measured though Image J software. Independent-sample t test were performed for comparison of quantitative variables between two groups. P value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Result: DSI group had lower muscle muscularity both in ES and MF than control group. ES muscularity at L2 level was 0.42±0.08 in DSI group and 0.82±0.17 in control group. (p=0.016). ES muscularity at L4 level was 0.36±0.11in DSI group and 0.76± 0.22 in control group. (p＜0.001).MF muscularity at L2 level was 0.17±0.08 in DSI group and 0.36±0.07in control group. (p＜0.001). MF muscularity at L4 level was 0.34±0.18 in DSI group and 0.48±0.14 in control group. (p＜0.001).DSI group had higher FIA both in ES and MF than control group.ES FIA at L2 level was 0.50±0.17 in DSI group and 0.31±0.10 in control group. (p=0.023). ES FIA at L4 level was 0.55±0.27 in DSI group and 0.34±0.07 in control group. (p＜0.001).MF FIA at L2 level was 0.63±0.22 in DSI group and 0.36±0.12 in control group. (p＜0.001). MF FIA at L4 level was 0.76±0.31 in DSI group and 0.40±0.19 in control group. (p＜0.001). Conclusions: LDK patients with DSI suffered lower muscle muscularity and higher FIA both in ES and MF compared to control group. Our study revealed that the weakness of the paravertebral muscles plays an important role in DSI process, targeted paravertebral muscle strengthening training may be a potentially effective treatment for this disease.
Development of High-growth African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) in MA-104 Cells
Authors: Do Duy Tien , Nguyen Toan Tat 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The goal of this study was to identify a candidate commercial cell line for the replication of African swine fever virus (ASFV) by comparing several available cell lines with various medium factors. In the sensitivity test of cells, MA104 and MARC-145 had strong potential for ASFV replication. Next, MA104 cells were used to compare the adaptation of ASFV obtained from tissue homogenates and blood samples in various infectious media. At the 10th passage, the ASFV obtained from the blood sample had a significantly higher viral load than that obtained from the tissue sample (P = 0.00), exhibiting a mean Ct value = 20.39 ± 1.99 compared with 25.36 ± 2.11. For blood samples, ASFV grew on infectious medium B more robustly than on infectious medium A (P = 0.006), corresponding to a Ct value = 19.58 ± 2.10 versus 21.20 ± 1.47. ASFV originating from blood specimens continued to multiply gradually and peaked in the 15th passage, exhibiting a Ct value = 14.36 ± 0.22 in infectious medium B and a Ct value = 15.42 ± 0.14 in infectious medium A. However, there was no difference (P = 0.062) in ASFV growth between infectious media A and B when ASFV was cultured from tissue homogenates. In this study, a model was developed to enhance ASFV replication through adaptation to MA104 cells and the lack of mutation in serial culture passages may serve to maintain the immunogenicity of ASFV isolates when they are developed as vaccine candidates.
The Bimodal Neutron And Photon Imaging Driven By A Single Electron Linear Accelerator
Authors: Yu Yangyi , Zhang Ruiqin , Lu Lu , Yang Yigang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Both X-ray imaging and neutron imaging are essential methods in non-destructive testing. In this work, a bimodal imaging method combining neutron and X-ray imaging is introduced. The experiment is based on a compact electron accelerator that can simultaneously generate two kinds of radiation: X-ray and neutron. This identification method utilizes the attenuation difference of the two rays’ incidence on the same material to determine the material’s properties based on dual-imaging fusion. It can enhance the identification of the materials from single ray imaging and has the potential for widespread use in on-site, non-destructive testing where metallic materials and non-metallic materials are mixed.
Characterization of porous microaggregates and soil organic matter sequestered in allophanic paleosols on Holocene tephras using synchrotron-based X-ray microscopy and spectroscopy
Authors: Huang Doreen Yu-Tuan , Lowe David J. , Churchman G. Jock , Schipper Louis A. , Cooper Alan , Chen Tsan-Yao , Rawlence Nicolas J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Allophanic tephra-derived soils can sequester sizable quantities of soil organic matter (SOM). However, no studies have visualized the fine internal porous structure of allophanic soil microaggregates, nor studied the carbon structure preserved in such soils or paleosols. We used synchrotron radiation-based transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) to perform 3D-tomography of the internal porous structure of allophanic soil microaggregates, and carbon near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure (C NEXAFS) spectroscopy to characterize SOM in ≤12,000-yr-old tephra-derived allophanic paleosols. The TXM tomography showed a vast network of internal, tortuous nano-pores within an allophanic microaggregate comprising nanoaggregates. SOM in the allophanic paleosols at four sites was dominated by carboxylic/carbonyl functional groups with subordinate quinonic, aromatic, and aliphatic groups. All samples exhibited similar compositions despite differences between the sites. That the SOM does not comprise specific types of functional groups through time implies that the functional groups are relict. The SOM originated at the land/soil surface: ongoing tephra deposition (intermittently or abruptly) then caused the land-surface to rise so that the once-surface horizons were buried more deeply and hence became increasingly isolated from inputs by the surficial/modern organic cycle. The presence of quinonic carbon, from biological processes but vulnerable to oxygen and light, indicates the exceptional protection of SOM and bio-signals in allophanic paleosols, attributable both to the porous allophane aggregates that occlude the relict SOM from degradation, and to rapid burial by successive tephra-fallout, as well as strong Al-organic chemical bonding. TXM and C NEXAFS spectroscopy unravel the fine structure of soils and SOM and are of great potential for soil science studies.
Potential role of mycorrhizae combined with Pinus tabuliformis in repairing soil contaminated by lanthanum and cerium
Authors: Xiaoyan Yu , Guangpu Wei , Yuchen Song , Yu Kang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to repair light rare earth soil effectively, plant and mycorrhizae technology were applied together. It will provide theoretical basis for ecological restoration of light rare earth contaminated soil. The method of greenhouse pot experiment was used in this study. The concentrations of lanthanum (La) in tested soil samples were 107.15, 329.41, and 2,031.71 mg/kg and cerium (Ce) were 362.11, 741.81, 4,162.03 mg/kg. The ectomycorrhiza (Boletus luridus Schaeff.(BLS),Inocybe lilacina(Boud.)Kauffm.(ILK)༌Russula foetens(Pers.)Pers.(RFP)༌Lactarius sanguifluus (Paul.) Fr.(LSF)) was inoculated on Pinus tabuliformis. The inoculation rate and biomass of mycorrhiza, as well as the absorption, transfer and root retention of La and Ce, light rare earth elements (LREE) by plants were determined to provide the theoretical basis for the treatment of La and Ce contaminated soil. The results showed that a symbiotic relationship was established between ectomycorrhiza and Pinus tabuliformis. The mycorrhizal infection rate of Pinus tabulaeformis ranged from 0.51–64.81%, The biomass results showed that the dry weight of aboveground organs and roots increased by 1.46, 1.67 and 1.88 times, 1.73, 1.98 and 2.08 times, respectively. With the increase of the concentration of La and Ce in the soil, the increase of one LREE in the host plants inoculated with mycorrhizae was greater than that in the blank control group. Following mycorrhizal inoculation, La and Ce transfer coefficients in P. and root retention coefficients increased, which may lead to the decrease of absorption and transfer capacity of hyperaccumulators. This study showed that mycorrhizae can improve the absorption of La and Ce by host plants, demonstrating potential value in the environmental remediation of LREE contaminated soil.
An Adiabatic Method to Train Binarized Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Xiao Jiang , Zhao Yuansheng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
An artificial neural network consists of neurons and synapses. Neuron gives output based on its input according to non-linear activation functions such as the Sigmoid, Hyperbolic Tangent (Tanh), or Rectified Linear Unit (reLU) functions, etc. Synapses connect the neuron outputs to their inputs with tunable real-valued weights. The most resource-demanding operations in realizing such neural networks are the multiplication and accumulate (MAC) operations that compute the dot product be- tween real-valued outputs from neurons and the synapses weights. The efficiency of neural networks can be drastically enhanced if the neuron outputs and/or the weights can be trained to take binary values ±1 only, for which the MAC can be replaced by the simple XOR operations. In this paper, we demonstrate an adiabatic training method that can successfully binarize the dense neural networks and the convolutional neural networks without modification in terms network structure and with very minimal change in training algorithms. This adiabatic training method is tested in the following four tasks: the recognition of hand-writing numbers using a usual dense network, the cat-dog recog- nition and the audio recognition using a convolutional neural networks, the image recognition with 10 classes (CIFAR-10) using ResNet20 and VGG-Small networks. In all tasks, the performance of the binary neural networks trained by the adiabatic method are almost identical to the networks trained using the conventional reLU or Sigmoid activations with real-valued activations and weights. This adiabatic method can be easily applied to binarize different types of networks, and will increase the computational efficiency considerably and greatly simplify the deployment of neural networks.
The Use of the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) for Characterization and Differentiation of Focal Hepatic Lesions in Noncirrhotic Patients.
Authors: Justo Jonatan William Rodrigues , Watte Guilherme , Hochhegger Bruno 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
PURPOSE Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a MRI technique that, although relatively recent, has shown promise for the evaluation of focal hepatic lesions, providing information both on qualitative and quantitative parameters. The present study was designed to analyze the role of DWI, particularly the ADC (apparent diffusion coefficient), in differentiating benign solid liver lesions from malignant ones in a sample of noncirrhotic patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of MRI scans performed at a tertiary hospital in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from 2015 to 2018. The distribution of lesions into benign vs. malignant groups was determined by imaging criteria and/or histological analysis. ADC were obtained for each lesion.RESULTS Overall, 118 focal liver lesions were evaluated, with 78 benign and 40 malignant. The mean ADC value was 1.420×10−3 mm2/s for benign lesions versus 1.130×10−3 mm2/s for malignant lesions (p<0.001). ROC curve analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.79, optimal cutoff point of 1.19×10−3 mm2/s for discriminating between malignant and benign lesions, sensitivity and specificity of 75% and 73.1%.CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the appropriateness of ADC for characterization of benign solid lesions of the liver and to distinguish these masses from malignant metastatic lesions.
Delayed-onset Fulminant type 1 Diabetes Mellitus after the Discontinuation of Pembrolizumab Immunotherapy: A Case Report
Authors: Kitayama Shohei , Nakata Naokatsu , Iwata Minoru 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction:Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have become an essential component of several cancer therapies, but the increasing use of such drugs has led to an increasing number of reports on immune-related adverse events (IRAEs). Although type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its subtype, fulminant T1DM, have been reported as potential IRAEs, the development of these diseases with a delayed onset after the cessation of ICI administration is uncommon. We present the first case of delayed-onset fulminant T1DM precipitated by pembrolizumab, an ICI.Case Presentation:A 75-year-old Japanese man, who received 10 cycles of pembrolizumab as adjuvant chemotherapy for urothelial carcinoma, presented in our emergency department with polyuria and worsening dyspnea nine weeks after the discontinuation of pembrolizumab. The laboratory data showed hyperglycemia (1349 mg/dL), metabolic acidosis, HbA1c 8.1%, and serum β-hydroxybutyrate 13.9 mmol/L. The patient was diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). His symptoms improved by intravenous hydration and an insulin drip. Additional workup showed his absence of insulin-secreting capacity and negative for anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody.Conclusions:Fulminant T1DM as an IRAE is an oncologic emergency characterized by abrupt-onset ketoacidosis with severe hyperglycemia. In addition to the potential onset of fulminant T1DM during the course of pembrolizumab treatment, clinicians should consider the possibility of delayed-onset fulminant T1DM with DKA, even after the discontinuation of pembrolizumab.