bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective Effects of Pharmacological Hypothermia on Glucose Metabolism in Ischemic Rats
Authors: Guan Longfei , Lee Hangil , Geng Xiaokun , Li Fengwu , Shen Jiamei , Ji Yu , Peng Changya , Du Huishan , Ding Yuchuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Stroke is a leading threat to human life. Metabolic dysfunction of glucose may play a key role in stroke pathophysiology. Pharmacological hypothermia (PH) is a potential neuroprotective strategy for stroke in which the temperature can be decreased safely. The present study determined whether neuroprotective PH with chlorpromazine and promethazine (C+P) plus dihydrocapsaicin (DHC) improved glucose metabolism in acute ischemic stroke. A total of 208 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following groups: sham, stroke, and stroke with various treatments including C+P, DHC, C+P+DHC, phloretin (glucose transporter (GLUT)-1 inhibitor), cytochalasin B (GLUT-3 inhibitor), TZD (thiazolidinedione, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK) inhibitor) and apocynin (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) inhibitor). Stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h followed by 6 or 24 h of reperfusion. Rectal temperature was monitored before, during, and after PH. Infarct volume and neurological deficits were measured to assess the neuroprotective effects. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), NOX activity, lactate, apoptotic cell death, glucose, and ATP levels were measured. Protein expressions of GLUT-1, GLUT-3, phosphofructokinase (PFK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), PCK1, PCK2, and NOX subunit gp91 were measured with Western blotting. PH with combination of C+P and DHC induced a faster, longer, and deeper hypothermia as compared to each alone. PH significantly improved every measured outcome as compared to stroke and monotherapy. PH reduced brain infarction, neurological deficits, protein levels of glycolytic enzymes (GLUT-1, GLUT-3, PFK and LDH), gluconeogenic enzymes (PCK1 and PCK2), NOX activity and its subunit gp91, ROS, apoptotic cell death, glucose, and lactate, while raising ATP levels. In conclusion, stroke impaired glucose metabolism by enhancing hyperglycolysis and gluconeogenesis, which led to ischemic injury, all of which were reversed by PH induced by a combination of C+P and DHC.
Synthesis of Nickel Sulfide Nanoparticles from Single Source Precursor (Metal Xanthate Complexes) Using Melting (Solvent-Less) Method
Authors: Alanazi Abdulaziz A. , Alharthi Abdulrahman , Abdulaziz Fahad , Latif Salman , Salah Dina , Sherif Elsayed M. , Moustapha Moustapha E 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nickel sulfides are rich chemistry groups with discrete phases and stoichiometries, therefore they have various properties and applications. We herein prepare two single metal xanthate precursors [K(S2COBu)] Potassium butyl xanthate and [K(S2COPn)] Potassium pentyl xanthate using the melting method at two different temperatures 400 and 500°C to synthesize nickel sulfides nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (p.XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Two different nickel sulfides nanostructures obtained [Ni(S2COBu)3] and [Ni(S2COPn)3], the results from p.XRD show the sizes of the nanoparticles are (35.39±8.15 and 38.24±7.70 nm) at 400oC respectively, and (43.12±4.52 and 47.45±4.22 nm) respectively at 500oC. The result shows that the xanthate ligand affects the size of the nanoparticles as by increasing the alkyl chain length the size of the nanoparticles decrease. The (SEM) images show coral-like agglomerates, which are mainly assembled by spherical nanoparticles. EDX analysis shows stable and pure nickel sulfides with some variations in the elemental ratio of both nickel and sulfur according to the xanthate ligand used as a precursor to synthesis the nanoparticles. As a result, we introduce a simple, low cost and feasible synthesis of pure, stable, with definite size two nickel sulfides nanoparticles using metal xanthate ligands.
Non-Invasive Quantification of Pressure-Volume Loops in Patients with Fontan Circulation
Authors: Sjöberg Pia , Liuba Petru , Arheden Håkan , Heiberg Einar , Carlsson Marcus 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPressure-volume (PV) loops provide comprehensive information of cardiac function, but commonly implies an invasive procedure under general anesthesia. A novel technique has made it possible to non-invasively estimate PV loops with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and brachial pressure which would enable good volume estimation of often anatomically complex ventricles without the need of anesthesia in most cases. In this study we aimed to compare how hemodynamic parameters derived from PV loops in patients with Fontan circulation differ to controls. Methods Patients with Fontan circulation (n=17, median age 12 years, IQR 6-15) and healthy controls (n=17, 14 years, IQR 13-22) were examined with CMR. Short axis balanced steady-state free-precession (bSSFP) cine images covering the entire heart were acquired. PV loops were derived from left ventricular volumes in all timeframes and brachial blood pressure from cuff sphygmomanometry. ResultsPatients had lower stroke work, ventricular mechanical efficiency and external power compared to controls. Patients with dominant right ventricle (RV) had higher potential energy indexed to body surface area (BSA) but lower contractility (Ees) compared to controls. Patients had higher arterial elastance (Ea) and Ea/Ees ratio than controls. No difference was seen in energy per ejected volume between patients and controls.ConclusionsThis non-invasive PV-loop method could be used in future studies to show the potential prognostic value of these measures and if changes in ventricular function over time can be detected earlier by this method compared to changes in ventricular volumes and ejection fraction (EF). In contrast to patients with acquired heart failure, Fontan patients had similar energy per ejected volume as controls which suggests similar ventricular oxygen consumption to deliver the same volume in Fontan patients as in controls.
POLR2A Drives Tumor Cell Aggressive in Both VHL and PBRM1 Mutation Renal-Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chai Linyan , Qiu Zhengguo , Zhang Xiaozhi , Li Rong , Wang Yao , Wang Kefeng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Loss of VHL always results in the loss of PBRM1 and causes aggressive clear cell renal cell carcinoma. However, VHL mutation was not significantly associated with worse survival, and PBRM1 modulate the tumor behavior is not clear. Thus, exploration of key molecules promoting the tumor aggressive is urgent in both VHL and PBRM1 RCC patient.Methods and results: POLR2A was screened out by analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas mutation data. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis results showed that E2F, G2M, and mTOR1 pathways were all altered in response to POLR2A high expression. Furthermore, In vitro, knockdown of POLR2A in 769-P and 786-O cells resulted in cell growth arrest and cell cycle blockade compared to control cells, the mechanism though decreasing cyclin D1-CDK4 axis. In vivo results were confirmed 786-O cells in which POLR2A expression was silenced, exhibited tumor growth inhibited compared to control group.Conclusions: POLR2A was the key protein after VHL and PBRM1 mutations in RCC, inhibition of POLR2A crippled cell viability and proliferation in vivo and in vitro, We anticipate POLR2A represents a novel candidate for RCC treatment.
Converting the existing disease surveillance from a paper-based to an electronic-based system using District Health Information System (DHIS-2) for real-time information: The Lebanese experience
Authors: youssef dalal Ali 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction:The Ministry of Public Health in Lebanon is in the process of converting the surveillance reporting from a cumbersome paper-based system to a web-based electronic platform (DHIS-2) to have real-time information for early detection of alerts and outbreaks and for initiating a prompt response.Objectives:This paper aimed to document the Lebanese experience in implementing DHIS-2 for the disease surveillance system. It also targets to assess the improvement of reporting rates and timeliness of the reported data and to disclose the encountered challenges and opportunities. MethodologyThis is a retrospective description of processes involved in the implementation of the DHIS-2 tool in Lebanon. Initially, it was piloted for the school-based surveillance in 2014; then its use was extended in May 2017 to cover other specific surveillance systems. This included all surveillance programs collecting aggregate data from hospitals, medical centers, dispensaries, or laboratories at the first stage. As part of the national roll-out process, the online application was developed. The customized aggregated-based datasets, organization units, user accounts, specific and generic dashboards were generated. More than 80 training sessions were conducted throughout the country targeting 1290 end-users including health officers at the national and provincial levels, focal persons working in all public and private hospitals, laboratories, and medical centers as well. Completeness and timeliness of reported data were compared before and after the implementation of DHIS-2. Challenges and lessons learned during the roll-out process are listed.ResultsFor laboratory-based surveillance, completeness of reporting increased from 70.8% in May to 89.6% in October. Timeliness has improved from 25% to 74%. For medical centers, an improvement of 8.1% for completeness and 9.4% in timeliness was recorded before and after training sessions. For zero reporting, completeness remains the same (88%) and timeliness has improved from 74% to 87%. The main challenges faced during the implementation of DHIS-2 were mainly infrastructural and system-related in addition to poor internet connectivity and limited workforce and frequent changes to DHIS-2 versions.ConclusionImplementation of DHIS-2 improved timeliness and completeness for aggregated data reporting. Continued on-site support, monitoring, and system enhancement are needed to improve the performance of DHIS-2.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose Film Optimized with Persian Gum, Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles, and Fennel Essential Oil: Investigation of Chemical, Antimicrobial, and Sensory Properties on Rainbow Trout Fillet
Authors: maleki mohammad , Mohsenzadeh Mohammad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Today, the use of biodegradable packaging containing antimicrobial agents has been approved by the people and industry. In this study, the effect of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film optimized with Persian gum (PG) containing titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) and fennel essential oil (FEO) was inspected and the sensory, chemical, and microbial properties were evaluated on refrigerated rainbow trout fillets during the storage period (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days). The lowest values ​​for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (8 mg/mL) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) (10 mg/mL), and the highest diameter of the inhibitory zone in the disk diffusion (19 mm) for FEO were observed against Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli.O157:H7, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Shewanella putrefaciens, respectively. Moreover, as a microbiological analysis, total viable count (TVC), Pseudomonas spp, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Enterobacteriaceae, and psychrotrophic bacteria were determined on rainbow trout fillets covered with different treatments (CMC/PG, CMC/PG/FEO, CMC/PG/TiO2, and CMC/PG/FEO/TiO2) during the storage at 4°C. The results showed that three treatments of CMC/PG/FEO, CMC/PG/TiO2, and CMC/PG/FEO/TiO2 had a significant effect on growth control in the studied bacteria (P <0.05). In all treatments, the amount of thiobarbituric acid increased over time, but in the treatment containing FEO, this amount was lower. Sensory scores of the samples were very high until day 6. In general, the results of this study showed that the use of FEO and TiO2 in biodegradable films improves the antimicrobial, chemical, and sensory properties of rainbow trout fillets.
Mimical Reconstruction And Aesthetic Repair of The Nail After Resection of Subungual Melanocytic Nevus
Authors: Xu Wenpeng , Li Xiucun , Cao Songhua , Zhang Ning , Hu Yong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study is to report the outcomes of mimical reconstruction and aesthetic repair of the nail.Methods: When the width of the pigmented bands was more than 1/2 of the whole nail width, the mimical reconstruction of the nail, the lateral toe pulp island flap covered the wound via the subcutaneous channel, was performed. If the width of the pigmented bands ranged from 1/4 to 2/5 of the entire nail, the aesthetic repair of the nail, the split-thickness excision under microscope, would be carried out.Results: The average age at the time of surgery was 14.5 years. The lesions were located at the toes in 5 patients and fingers in 3 patients. No complications occurred postoperatively. In 5 patients with the mimical reconstruction of the nail, all of toenail showed well-settled flap. In three patients with the aesthetic repair of the nail, there was no nail malnutrition or deformity, and all nails have an aesthetic appearance.Conclusions: Mimical reconstruction and aesthetic repair of the nail following resection of subungual melanocytic nevus is reliable and feasible. It seems to be satisfactory that “like tissue” repairs the complex nail defects. All patients obtain an excellent aesthetic outcome.Level of Evidence: V
Using bats as surrogates to effectively target global hotspots for subterranean conservation and monitoring
Authors: Tanalgo Krizler C. , Oliveira Hernani , Hughes Alice C. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Research and media attention is disproportionately focused on taxa and ecosystems perceived as charismatic, while other systems with high levels of endemism, are often under-protected and overlooked such as caves and subterranean ecosystems. Yet these more challenging systems are also threatened, with karsts for example losing around 6% of their area each year, highlighting the urgent need for protection, especially as up to 90% of cave endemic species may be undescribed. Bats are keystone to cave ecosystems making them potential surrogates to understand cave diversity patterns and assay conservation priorities. Almost half (48%) of known bat species use caves for parts of their life histories, with 32% endemic to a single country, and 15% currently threatened. We combine global analysis of cave bats from the IUCN with site specific analysis of 1930 bat caves from 46 countries to develop global priorities for the conservation of the most vulnerable cave ecosystems. Globally, 28% of caves showed high diversity and were highly threatened and 4% had high diversity but not currently threatened. Amongst regions, the highest concentration of conservation priority caves were in the Palearctic, and tropical regions except the Afrotropics, which requires more intensive data sampling. Our results further highlight the importance of prioritising bat caves using locally collected data, and parameter selection is optimised (i.e., appropriate landscape features and threats). Finally, to protect and conserve these ecosystems it is crucial that we identify priorities in species and habitat-level, and map vulnerable habitats with the highest biodiversity and distinctiveness.
Stacking Ensemble-Based Hybrid Algorithms for Discharge Computation in Sharp-Crested Labyrinth Weirs
Authors: Khosravi Khabat , Safari Mir Jafar Sadegh , Khozani Zohreh Sheikh , Crookston Brian , Golkarian Ali 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Labyrinth weirs are utilized to increase the weir crest length to transport a greater discharge during floods in contrast to conventional weirs. Nevertheless, due to the increased geometric complexity of labyrinth weirs, determination of accurate discharge coefficients and accordingly, head-discharge ratings are quite essential issues in practical application. Hence, as a first step the present study proposes the following eight standalone algorithms: decision table (DT), Kstar, least median square (LMS), M5 prime (M5P), M5 rule (M5R), pace regression (PR), random forest (RF), and sequential minimal optimization (SMO). Then, applying the stacking (ST) algorithm, these stand-alone models were hybridized to develop ST-LMS, ST-PR, ST-SMO, ST-Kstar, ST-DT, ST-M5R, ST-M5P, and ST-RF to predict the discharge coefficient (Cd) for sharp-crested labyrinth weirs. Modeling resulted in 123 experimental data sets including consideration of vertex angle (θ), channel width (B), head over the crest of the weir (h), crest heights (W), crest length of the weir (L), Cd, and flow discharge (Q). These effective variables were re-arranged in the form of several independent dimensionless parameters (θ, h/W, L/B, L/h, Froude number (Fr), B/W and L/W) to predict Cd as an output. Datasets were randomly divided into two groups; 70% of data used for model training while 30% used for model validation. The accuracy of the developed models was examined in terms of different statistical error measurement criteria of visually-based (line graph, scatter plot, box plot) and quantitative-based [root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and percentage of bias (PBIAS)]. Results illustrate that h/W and B/W parameters have the highest and lowest effect on the Cd prediction, respectively. It was found that the most effective input combination included all input parameters except B/W. According to NSE, all developed algorithms provided accurate performances, while ST-Kstar has the highest prediction power (NSE=0.976, RMSE=0.011, MAE=0.008, PBIAS=0.027). Through incorporation of predicted Cd into discharge equation, promising results are obtained for accurate discharge computation.
Phytoextraction Potential of Arsenic And Cadmium And Response of Rhizosphere Microbial Community By Intercropping With Two Types of Hyperaccumulators
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Zhou Cong , Xiao Xiyuan , Guo Zhaohui , Peng Chi , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Intercropping with hyperaccumulators/accumulators is a promising alternative to enhance phytoextraction of heavy metal(loid)s in contaminated soil. In this research, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the influences of intercropping As hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. with Cd hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance or accumulator Hylotelephium spectabile (Boreau) H. Ohba on the plant growth, As and Cd phytoextraction, and rhizosphere bacterial microbiota. The results indicated that intercropping can promote the growth of plants. The total biomass of P. vittata, S. alfredii and H. spectabile in intercropping systems was significantly improved by 19.9% - 34.1%, 16.8% and 11.5%, respectively in comparison with corresponding plant monoculture. The As content in rhizoid and frond of P. vittata when intercropped with S. alfredii was increased by 28.3% and 19.0% (P < 0.05), respectively as compared with P. vittata monoculture, and this treatment acquired the maximum As and Cd accumulation with 2032 and 397 µg∙pot-1, respectively. Intercropping enhanced the soil bacterial community diversity. The genera of Lysobacter in S. alfredii rhizosphere soil and Massilia in P. vittata rhizosphere soil had higher abundance in the intercropping system of P. vittata and S. alfredii. And the significantly positive correlation relationships were found between Massilia, Lysobacter and plant As content, and Arthrobacter with plant Cd content, indicating that they may play important roles in As and Cd phytoextraction. The results suggested that intercropping P. vittata with S. alfredii could be a potential strategy for phytoextraction of As and Cd from co-contaminated soil.
Elevated Mid-trimester 4-hour Postprandial Triglycerides for Predicting Late-onset Preeclampsia and Gestational Hypertension: a Prospective Screening Study
Authors: Liu Qin , Zhu Zhihong , Cai Wen , Yang Liu , Li Shuangdi , Zhang Jiarong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Abnormal maternal lipid concentrations are associated with increased risk of preeclampsia. However, previous studies mainly focused on fasting lipid concentrations, scarce data have been published on the relationship between postprandial triglyceride (TG) concentrations in the second trimester and the risk of preeclampsia. Our aim is to evaluate the potential of triglyceride (TG) concentrations at the time of oral lipid tolerance test (OLTT) measurement in the second trimester to predict preeclampsia and to elucidate the lipid metabolic changes related to these diseases. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of Pregnant women at 12-24 weeks of gestation undergone an OLTT in a university affiliated hospital between May 2019 and January 2020. Data were stratified into binaries according to the OLTT results. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to determine the optimal cut-off points of TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, sd-LDL, FFA, and BG for predicting preeclampsia.Results: 438 pregnant women were recruited to undergo an OLTT at 12-24 weeks of gestation. Among these, 24 women developed preeclampsia and 414 women remained normotensive. Women who subsequently developed preeclampsia had higher concentrations of 4-h postprandial TG than those who remained normotensive. In the linear logistic regression analyses of potential confounding factors, mid-trimester 4-h postprandial TG concentrations at the time of OLTT measurement were significantly higher in preeclamptic cases than in controls.Conclusions: Dyslipidemia in the second trimester of pregnancy, particularly postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, appears to be associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia. Mid-trimester 4-h postprandial TG concentration at the time of OLTT measurement may be a potential predictive marker of preeclampsia.