bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospects for the use of plant materials in creating biodegradable eco-friendly packaging
Authors: Nechai A , Krvavych A , Konechna R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article provides information on the expansion of the base of vegetable raw material used in the packaging industry. During literature research the following criteria were considered: biodegradability, cheapness, availability, a sprouting area, an impact of used materials on condition of other industries. Plant-derived polysaccharides are contemplated as a source of biodegradable substances. The main subjects of research are plants with medicinal properties, invasive, technical and agricultural crops. The process for producing polysaccharide-based films was also examined. The possibility of introducing technologies into production was assessed. Conclusions are based on the impact of all stages of the process (collection, recycling, receiving and reusing) on the environment. Cogeneration technologies, pharmaceutical wastes and biotechnological biomass cultivation methods usage are taken into account to obtain efficient production.
Assessment method of the urban development level in the context of knowledge and innovation economy
Authors: Pereverzieva A , Volkov V , Osaul A , Duhiienko N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The assessment method of the level of industrial city (Zaporozhіzhia) development influence affected by knowledge and innovation economy has been proposed in the article. Assessment of the sustainable development level is represented by three components: economic, social and environmental, each of which is characterized by certain indicators. The algorithm has been worked out to determine knowledge and innovation impact for urban sustainable development. It is comprised of three successive stages: indicators characterizing a certain sub-vector are determined in the first stage; sub-vector indexes are calculated in the second stage: the knowledge and innovation index; the knowledge and innovation index is calculated based on the additive and multiplicative model in the third stage. The knowledge and innovation index is defined as “stimulus” (booster) and “restriction” (depreciation) of urban sustainable development, that is, defined as specific ratios. To substantiate the importance of knowledge and innovation impact, not only quantitative approach to evaluation, but also qualitative analysis based on matrix methods have been applied. Changing specific ratios and the degree of specific ratios impact on urban sustainable development allows to analyze changes (increase or decrease) of sustainability level amid weights alterations. Changing specific ratios forms the priorities of economic policy and strategic landmarks.
New opportunities for seafarers owing to reduction emission and arising the number of Dual fuel vessels
Authors: Surinov I , Shemonayev V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nowadays one of the main goal of International Maritime Organization (IMO) is to reduce pollution by vessels over the world. Due to this they implemented in MARPOL Annex VI the requirements for any gas vessel’s emissions which are setting the limits and timelines of compliance. To overcome this problem IMO adopted on 15th July 2011 the commence measures for improving vessel’s energy efficiency plan and reducing emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). The main strategy of GHG envisages the reduction of international shipping in carbon intensity (reducing CO2 emissions from transport activities on average for international shipping from 40% to 70% by 2050). According to this, growing the problem concerning new opportunities for seafarers. That was managed on example by crewing company Nordic Hamburg at implementation the new trainings.
Information support of nature management and environmental protection in Ukraine
Authors: Kovshun N , Radko A , Moshchych S , Syrotynska A , Zhydyk I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This research develops the problem of effectiveness of the management system and protection of the natural environment. In this research, the various factors of management activity are proposed. To achieve this goal we conducted research on information and analytical systems, which are implemented in the management of nature and environmental protection of Ukraine at three levels: regional (oblast), district and urban. The article presents the results of the analysis of classifiers for systematization of circulating documents, functions of computer document management systems, including those implemented in the management of nature and environmental protection, as well as the level of satisfaction with the quality of software products used to management. It is established that for information support of management activities the most necessary are databases on financial and economic activities, regulatory, personnel, resource, logistics and environmental statistics. The importance of information flow system analysis and information technologies are constantly developing and adapting to user awareness. In the investigation underlined the practical use of different methods to solve similar problems taking into account the peculiarities of the organization.
Chemical safety in the context of environmental goals of sustainable development
Authors: Ishchenko A , Stuchynska N , Haiova L , Shchepanskiy E 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The aim of the article is to carry out a systematic analysis of the components of chemical safety in the context of the environmental aspect of sustainable development goals and to identify those components with the help of competent health professionals. Hazardous chemicals can travel for long distances, be accumulated in the environment as well as cause adverse effects on human health through food chains. The action of toxicants of inorganic and organic nature occurs due to the violation of metabolic processes, inhibition of enzymes, and biotransformation of xenobiotics into more toxic compounds. Physicians must be clearly aware of the relationship in the “toxicant-pathology” system; understand the molecular mechanisms of the hazardous chemicals action; use terminology regarding toxicological characteristics of toxicants; conduct educational, treatment, and prevention activities among the population; acquire information on regulations governing the management of chemical compounds. The next component of chemical safety is the knowledge of approaches to chemical labeling and safety measures for working with chemical products throughout their life cycle. Proper interpretation of the type and level of hazard will enable taking necessary precautions and following relevant safety rules while working with chemical products.
Algorithms and business models of financial outsourcing for sustainable development in industry
Authors: Laktionova O , Desiatskyi S , Mironenko D , Melikhov A , Makhinko V , Kustrich L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The work is devoted to the study of the use of business models of financial outsourcing in the institutional support of sustainable development. It is shown that a significant role in the sustainable development of the economy and environmental management can belong to clients of financial outsourcing services - small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs). The paper proposes to include an outsourcing company of financial outsourcing services in the infrastructure for supporting sustainable economic development of united territorial communities (UTC), which will increase the volume of revenues to the local budget and provide additional financing for SMEs, incl. whose activities are aimed at improving the environmental situation. A methodology for monitoring the revenue side of local budgets has been developed by processing monthly data “Openbudget” and “Opendata” by methods of predictive analytics. The proposed methodology has been tested on the example of the budget of Mariupol (Ukraine), as a city with a poor environmental situation, in which monitoring of the local budget will reveal additional sources of financing for the activities of SMEs - clients of financial outsourcing services aimed at improving the environment, as well as ensuring sustainable development of the economy of the territories and the country.
Point-of-use upflow sand filter for rural water treatment using natural local sand: Understanding and predicting pressure drop
Authors: Abd Lahin F , Sarbatly R , Chel-Ken C 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A simple, small scale upflow sand filter was fabricated using a locally obtained sands at three different rivers in Sabah, Malaysia: Liwagu River (SL), Tamparuli River (ST), and Kaingaran River (SK). The grain size, porosity, bulk density, particle density and sphericity of the sands were characterized to associate with the corresponding pressure drop across the sand bed. The highest pressure drop per unit length for SK, PT, and SL are 15.85 kPa m-1 at 0.747 m s-1 vs, 10.18 kPa m-1 at 0.352 m s-1 vs, and 9.24 kPa m-1 at 0.747 m s-1 vs, respectively. The pressure drop per unit length at different filter bed depth were plotted, and compared against three theoretical models of Ergun, Kozeny-Carman, and Fair and Hatch. By analyzing the experimental-theoretical comparison using RMSE and Chi-Test, prediction of pressure drop in an upflow sand filter is able to be predicted using the Kozeny-Carman equation preceding filter bed fluidization and subsequently Fair and Hatch’s equation after bed is fluidized.
Modeling the effect of dammar additions on the mass loss response of soy wax/beeswax/dammar blends via response surface methodology
Authors: Shaharuddin S I S , Aziz N B A , Bacho N , Khairussaleh N K M , Tumian A , Zakaria I A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The wax used in the batik industry plays a significant role as its composition dictates the ease of wax rendering, dye layering, and wax removal process. This study aims to evaluate the effect of dammar additions on soy wax/beeswax blends based on the mass loss (%) of the wax-covered cotton fabric in 100°C water. Central composite design (CCD), a subset of response surface methodology (RSM) was used to develop a response model (Y: mass loss %) for three independent variables (X1:beeswax, X2:soy wax, X3:dammar). The final quadratic response model obtained (F value =5.43, lack of fit F value = 4.70, adequate precision = 7.65) was proposed in this study. ANOVA analysis showed that the standard error of design was relatively small, ranging between 0.43 to 1.18 for the design space. It was deduced from the response model, that increasing the dammar content in the soy wax/beeswax blends increases the mass loss (%), possibly due to the compositional inhomogeneity of the blends. The result of this study shows great potentials in formulating new soy wax-based compositions that produce varying degrees of ease of wax removal for the batik industry.
Evaluation of solid-state production of myco-coagulant using various lignocellulosic media to reduce water turbidity
Authors: Fellah M , Alam M Z , Al-Mamun A , Kabbashi N A , Engliman N S B 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
High turbidity and suspended solids (SS) are among the significant issues that affect rivers due to the wastewater discharge, terrain condition, land cover, rainfall, agriculture, and other development activities. Chemical flocculants such as polyacrylamide and aluminum sulfate are widely employed for agro-industrial wastewater treatment. However, excessive use of chemical coagulants is harmful to human beings and the environment. Therefore, efficient and economically viable bio-coagulants from renewable biological sources is highly sought after. Myco-coagulant (My-coag) is an organic coagulant produced by fungi that are biodegradable and environmentally friendly. This research aimed to evaluate My-coag solid-state production from locally isolated fungal strains using various lignocellulosic media. The fungus was grown on different lignocellulosic substrates such as cocopeat, sawdust, rice bran, and palm kernel cake for 7 days with a pH of 7.0 at 30 °C. My-coag was extracted from the fungal culture using an aqueous buffer solution of pH 7. The fungal growth rate and dry mass were the highest on cocopeat supplement which was about 1.4 g of dry weight. My-coag extracted from the cocopeat showed good flocculating properties in kaolin suspension with the removal of 96.7% turbidity compared to other substrates such as sawdust, palm kernel cake, and rice bran with the removal of 53.7, 19.6, and 11%, respectively. It is expected that further optimization of this process parameters will lead to the efficient removal of turbidity and solids from water and wastewater to move forward in green technology for sustainable growth in the “Clean Water and Sanitation Sector” and protection of the environment too.
Forensic analysis on printer inks via chemometrics
Authors: Mohd Zawawi L H , Mohamed Azmin N F , Abd. Wahab M F , Ibrahim S I , Mohd Yunus M Y 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Printer inks are becoming necessary for utilization for wide range of purposes by society in current times with rapid development in technology and digital media area. Thus, forgery and counterfeiting becoming easier for the criminals. It is dangerous as some criminals will misused the technology by mean of addition and adulteration of parts of text or numbers on document as the inks and document can be made as an evidence in the trial court. Thus, the characterization and differentiation of the printed inks in the suspected documents (civil or criminal cases) may provide important information about the authenticity of the printer inks. The focus of this study to differentiate the chemical component of three different types of sample inks by incorporation of FTIR spectrophotometer with principal component analysis. The unique features of the ink samples were unmasked from the score plots of the principal component analysis. Thus, the graphical representation provided by the FTIR spectra with principal component analysis enabled the discrimination certain chemical in the printer inks.
Turning Coconut Residue into Hydrochar using Hydrothermal Carbonization
Authors: Lau Abdullah Myra Shahira , Hamid NoorAshrina A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The use of renewable and sustainable energy resources is critical, especially considering the scarcity of fossil fuels and the need to combat air pollution. Various types of biomass feedstock, including coconut husk, have been studied in the past to convert into useful forms of hydrochar. However, no one had attempted to use coconut residue to produce hydrochar through hydrothermal carbonization. The goal of this study is to investigate the properties of synthesised hydrochar from coconut residue under various operating conditions in order to determine the highest yield of hydrochar produced prior to methylene blue degradation. Hydrochar was created from coconut residue using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). The hydrochar was synthesised over a range of residence times of 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours at a constant temperature of 200°C. Prior to the degradation of methylene blue, the properties of hydrochar were investigated using elemental analysis. The oxygen-to-carbon (O/C) and hydrogen-to-carbon (H/C) ratios for all hydrochars were 0.36-0.16 and 1.78-1.17, respectively. For all concentrations, the highest rate of methylene blue removal was approximately 70-80 percent. Overall, residence time had a minor impact on the chemical properties of hydrochars.
A scalable coaxial bioprinting technology for mesenchymal stem cell microfiber fabrication and high extracellular vesicle yield
Authors: Chen Jianwei , Zhou Duchao , Nie Zhenguo , Lu Liang , Lin Zhidong , Zhou Dezhi , Zhang Yi , Long Xiaoyan , Fan Siyang , Xu Tao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising candidates for regenerative medicine; however, the lack of scalable methods for high quantity EV production limits their application. In addition, signature EV-derived proteins shared in 3D environments and 2D surfaces, remain mostly unknown. Herein, we present a platform combining MSC microfiber culture with ultracentrifugation purification for high EV yield. Within this platform, a high quantity MSC solution (∼3 × 108 total cells) is encapsulated in a meter-long hollow hydrogel-microfiber via coaxial bioprinting technology. In this 3D core–shell microfiber environment, MSCs express higher levels of stemness markers (Oct4, Nanog, Sox2) than in 2D culture, and maintain their differentiation capacity. Moreover, this platform enriches particles by ∼1009-fold compared to conventional 2D culture, while preserving their pro-angiogenic properties. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry characterization results demonstrate that EVs derived from our platform and conventional 2D culturing have unique protein profiles with 3D-EVs having a greater variety of proteins (1023 vs 605), however, they also share certain proteins (536) and signature MSC-EV proteins (10). This platform, therefore, provides a new tool for EV production using microfibers in one culture dish, thereby reducing space, labor, time, and cost.
Compensating the cell-induced light scattering effect in light-based bioprinting using deep learning
Authors: Guan Jiaao , You Shangting , Xiang Yi , Schimelman Jacob , Alido Jeffrey , Ma Xinyue , Tang Min , Chen Shaochen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Digital light processing (DLP)-based three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has the advantages of speed and precision comparing with other 3D printing technologies like extrusion-based 3D printing. Therefore, it is a promising biomaterial fabrication technique for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. When printing cell-laden biomaterials, one challenge of DLP-based bioprinting is the light scattering effect of the cells in the bioink, and therefore induce unpredictable effects on the photopolymerization process. In consequence, the DLP-based bioprinting requires extra trial-and-error efforts for parameters optimization for each specific printable structure to compensate the scattering effects induced by cells, which is often difficult and time-consuming for a machine operator. Such trial-and-error style optimization for each different structure is also very wasteful for those expensive biomaterials and cell lines. Here, we use machine learning to learn from a few trial sample printings and automatically provide printer the optimal parameters to compensate the cell-induced scattering effects. We employ a deep learning method with a learning-based data augmentation which only requires a small amount of training data. After learning from the data, the algorithm can automatically generate the printer parameters to compensate the scattering effects. Our method shows strong improvement in the intra-layer printing resolution for bioprinting, which can be further extended to solve the light scattering problems in multilayer 3D bioprinting processes.
Negative series resistance and photo-response properties of Au/PPY-MWCNTs composite/TiO2/Al2O3/n-Si/Al photodiode
Authors: Ashery A , Gaballah A E H , M Ahmed Emad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper addresses a novel approach concerning the appearance of negative series resistance (Rs) at high frequencies for both temperatures and voltages. Most of the previous studies have focused on the relationship between voltage and current (I - V) to determine the value of Rs using several methods. By measuring capacitance and conductance as a function of voltage, we were able to develop a systematic analysis of series resistance. At high frequencies of 2 × 107, 107 Hz, Rs has negative values however, at frequency 106 Hz it takes both positive and negative values, whilst from (105 − 10) Hz it has positive values. Here in this article, we synthesized Au/PPY-MWCNTs/TiO2/Al2O3/n-Si/Al structure which can be used in a variety of applications such as supercapacitors, and diodes. We investigated the electrical properties such as ideality factor (n), barrier height (фb), series resistance using several approaches such as conventional, Chueng, and Nord methods. The structure has shown rectification with a good response to daylight illumination. The structure response to daylight illumination indicates that photodiodes have the potential to be used as solar detectors.
Expansion potential of skin grafts with novel I-shaped auxetic incisions
Authors: Gupta Vivek , Chanda Arnab 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Severe burn injures lead to millions of fatalities every year due to lack of skin replacements. While skin is a very limited and expensive entity, split thickness skin grafting, which involves the projection of a parallel incision pattern on a small section of healthy excised skin, is typically employed to increase the expansion and cover a larger burn site. To date, the real expansion capacity of such grafts are low (<3 times) and insufficient for treatment of severe burn injuries. In this study, novel I-shaped auxetic incision patterns, which are known to exhibit high negative Poisson’s ratios, have been tested on the skin to investigate their expansion potential. Fourteen two-layer skin graft models with varying incision pattern parameters (i.e., length, spacing, and orientation) were developed using finite element modelling and tested under uniaxial and biaxial tensile loads. The Poisson’s ratio, meshing ratios, and induced stresses were quantified across all models. Graft models tested uniaxially along the orthogonal directions indicated opposite trends in generated Poisson’s ratios, as the length of the I-shape incisions were increased. Biaxially, with a symmetric and closely spaced I-shape pattern, graft meshing ratios up to 15.65 were achieved without overstressing the skin. Overall, the findings from the study indicated that expansion potentials much higher than that of traditional skin grafts can be achieved with novel I-shaped auxetic skin grafts, which would be indispensable for covering large wounds in severe burn injuries.
When does temperature matter for ecosystem respiration?
Authors: Gudasz Cristian , Karlsson Jan , Bastviken David 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The temperature response of ecosystem processes is key to understand and predict impacts of climate change. This is especially true for respiration, given its high temperature sensitivity and major role in the global carbon cycle. However, similar intrinsic temperature sensitivity for respiration does not mean comparable temperature effects across ecosystems and biomes because non-temperature factors can be more important. Here we analyzed soil and sediment respiration data and found that in temperature ranges corresponding to high latitude mean temperatures, absolute respiration rates are more sensitive to non-temperature factors than to projected direct temperature effects. However, at higher temperatures (>20 °C) the direct effect of temperature mediated by temperature sensitivity will likely be more important over changes in non-temperature factors in shaping how respiration change over time. This supports past suggestions that the relatively small projected temperature increase at low (tropical) latitudes may have a large direct impact on absolute respiration. In contrast, absolute respiration rates at high (boreal/arctic) latitudes will likely be more sensitive on the development of the non-temperature factors than on the direct effects of the large projected temperature increase there. Social media abstract. Respiration may be less dependent to changes in temperature at higher than lower latitudes.