bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Economic Support Have an Impact on the Health Status of Elderly Patients With Chronic Diseases in China? - Based on CHARLS (2018) Data Research
Authors: Tang Shaoliang , Xu Yun , Li Zhengjun , Yang Tongling , Qian David 
Published: April 2021

Objective: The economic support of elderly patients with chronic diseases may affect their health status. This study assessed the impact of economic support on the health status of elderly patients with chronic diseases in China and explored the relationship between regional economic differences and the impact of economic support on health status.Methods: This study used the data of 3,416 elderly patients with chronic diseases from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2018. Logit model and stepwise regression method were used to analyze and compare the influence of economic support on self-rated health, mental health, and activities of daily living (ADL) of elderly patients with chronic diseases. Sub-regional comparison was used for the research of regional differences in the impact of economic support on health.Results: we find that economic support has a positive effect on the health status of elderly patients with chronic diseases in China. Socioeconomic support has a positive effect on self-rated health and mental health of elderly patients with chronic diseases, and the effect on activities of daily living (ADL) is no longer significant after the gradual inclusion of control variables. Family economic support has no significant impact on the health dimensions of elderly patients with chronic diseases. With respect to regional differences, socioeconomic support can improve mental health in central China and improve self-rated health in western China, while it can improve overall health status in eastern China. The influence of family economic support on different health dimensions in different regions is still insignificant.Conclusions: The health status of elderly patients with chronic diseases is affected by socioeconomic support in China. In order to improve the health of elderly patients with chronic diseases, it is necessary to increase socioeconomic support. Meanwhile, it is also essential to pay attention to the differences in economic support between different regions and increase the socioeconomic support for elderly patients with chronic diseases in undeveloped regions so as to improve their health status.
Case Report: Bowel Occlusion Following the Use of Barbed Sutures in Abdominal Surgery. A Single-Center Experience and Literature Review
Authors: Stabile Guglielmo , Romano Federico , De Santo Davide , Sorrentino Felice , Nappi Luigi , Cracco Francesco , Ricci Giuseppe 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: A high level of surgical ability is required to perform endoscopic knot tying. Barbed sutures help in avoiding this procedure, thus reducing intraoperative time and lowering blood loss and hospitalization time when compared to traditional sutures. Some cases of bowel occlusion following the use of barbed sutures have been described in literature. All of them are characterized by the entanglement of an intestinal loop in wire barbs with bowel occlusion symptoms.Case Presentation: We report two more cases which occurred in our Institute in 2020 and review those which have been reported in the literature by searching on Pubmed, Scopus, and Embase. We used the search terms: “Barbed,” ”Suture,” “Bowel,” and ”Obstruction.” We examined in the literature the surgical procedures, the type of complications, the time to onset of the complications, and the type of barbed suture.Discussion: Twenty-two cases in total were reported in the literature from 2011 to 2020, and bowel complications were largely subsequent to interventions such as hernia surgical repair and myomectomy. In order to take advantage of barbed sutures while minimizing the risk of adverse events, such as intestinal occlusion, some precautions may be considered, such as the shortening of thread tails and use of antiadhesive barriers. Moreover, performing a few stitches backwards when ending the suture might be a useful suggestion. Further studies in this field may be useful in order to assess whether it might be better avoiding barbed suture application on serosal tissues to prevent bowel damage.
Glucocorticoid Therapy in ANCA Vasculitis: Using the Glucocorticoid Toxicity Index as an Outcome Measure
Authors: Floyd Lauren , Morris Adam , Joshi Miland , Dhaygude Ajay 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Key Points

Glucocorticoid Toxicity Index provides a global quantifiable assessment tool to assess glucocorticoid associated morbidity.Cumulative doses of steroids in ANCA associated vasculitis leads to worse glucocorticoid related toxicity.Whilst glucocorticoids remain the mainstay of AAV treatment, the narrow therapeutic window supports the need for GC-sparing treatments.

Background
ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) is an autoimmune disease. Induction remission and maintenance treatment typically includes high-dose, tapering glucocorticoids (GC), in addition to other immunosuppressive medication. The use of theGlucocorticoid Toxicity Index (GTI) provides a global, quantifiable assessment tool in which clinicians can assess GC-associated morbidity. Recent trials in AAV have exposed the need for systemic assessment of GC burden. In this small cohort study, we look to address these issues and the justification of newer GC sparing agents, such as C5a inhibitors.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study of 43 patients with biopsy AAV was constructed from a single center between 2012–2016, and followed up for 48 months. The GTI table made up of adverse features was used to quantify patients’ GC toxicity. Electronic patient records were reviewed and scores calculated according to published methods. GTI scores were compared with cumulative steroid doses at separate intervals and incidences of adverse features in relation to the treatment timeline.

Results
The mean age was 65.9 (±11.06) years and treatment regimens consisted of glucocorticoids alongside cyclophosphamide or rituximab. Our results showed statistical significance in the association of cumulative GC doses and GTI scores (P=0.008; 95% CI, 1.31 to 8.05). Adverse features relating to mood disturbance and GC-induced psychosis occurred early, in contrast to adrenal insufficiency, which typically presented later in the follow-up. Infection-related adverse events were consistent throughout.

Conclusions
We demonstrated that higher cumulative doses of steroids in AAV lead to worse glucocorticoid-related toxicity. Using the GTI creates the potential to individualize and quantify the adverse effects patients experience as a result of GC treatment and permits more patient-centered management. Although glucocorticoids remain the main adjunctive immunosuppression of AAV treatment, the narrow therapeutic window supports the need for GC-sparing treatments.
Study on estimation of surface roughness by separation of reflection and backscattering components using ultrasonic synthetic aperture imaging
Authors: Nagata Kazunori , Nagaoka Ryo , Wilhjelm Jens E. , Hasegawa Hideyuki 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The luminal surface of the arterial wall roughens in the early-stage atherosclerosis. A possible differentiation between the reflected and scattered components in the ultrasonic echo from the arterial wall potentially can serve as a diagnostic tool when such roughening occurs. This study presents a method for the differentiation of reflection and scattering components by creating ultrasonic beams from different directions using the synthetic aperture method. The technique was evaluated in experiments on urethane rubber phantoms. The average magnitude of the echo signals from each phantom and the ratio of the mean values of the reflection and scattering components were found to be proportional to the arithmetic average roughness evaluated with a laser surface profilometer. These results show that the proposed separation technique has potentials in evaluation of surface roughness.
PRODUCTION RISK ANALYSIS OF FISH FARMING PROJECTS IN FISH PONDS AND FLOATING CAGES A CASE STUDY IN DIYALA GOVERNORATE
Authors: Alobaidy E . A. , Jbara O. K. 
Published: April 2021

This research was aimed to study the problems related to fish farming and the risks that they face. Diyala Governorate was chosen as an applied model for measuring risk facing fish farmers. Research data were collected according to the random sample method, which included (30%) of all fish farming projects in Diyala Governorate. This sample has included 28% of the total fish farming projects in fish ponds and (31.5%) of the total Fish farming projects in cages through a questionnaire prepared for this purpose. The study focused on analyzing the behavior of fish farmers of the research sample towards risks by adopting a safety model in the form of the risk avoidance criterion (K(s)(.The production functions for fish farming projects in fish ponds and floating cages were estimated, and these functions were estimated by the absence of dummy variables (educational level, years of experience) and with their presence, as well as estimating the risk functions of fish farming projects in fish ponds and floating cages. The results showed that the percent of fish farmers who prefer to take risks in fish ponds (25%) and in floating cages (33.3%), and that the percent of fish farmers who prefer moderate risk (natural or medium) were about (53%) in the ponds and the proportion (66.7%) in Cages, while the fish farmers who avoid risks, they constitute (22%) in ponds and (0%) in cages, from which we conclude that fish farmers in floating cages prefer a greater risk than fish farmers in fish ponds, also the results of the risk function for farming projects in fish ponds and floating cages revealed that dummy variables (educational level, years of experience) have a negative relationship with production risks, which means that the improvement of the educational level and the increment of experience years contributes to a decrease in production risks.
OPTIMAL RATIO OF MALE AND SEXUAL FEMALE IN THE MATING OF MOINA MACROCOPA (CRUSTACEA, MONIDAE)
Authors: Mubarak A. S. , Jusadi D. , Junior M. Z. , Suprayudi M. A. 
Published: April 2021

Moina macrocopa is a natural feed that can be cultured to producing ephippia as a bioproduct for fish and shrimp larvae feed. The number of males in the population affects the quality and quantity of ephippia produced. This study was conducted with the purpose of examining the female age in M. macrocopa mating and examining the ratio male-female M. macrocopa in the mating on the quantity and quality of ephippia produced. The treatment in this research was the ratio male-female sex of 1:30, 3:30, 5:30, 7: 30. 9:30., 12:30, 15: 30. Male and female sexual offspring M macrocopa were produced from cultured using a combination of induction factors such as density, feed concentration, kairomones and dissolved oxygen. male and female offspring produced were cultured with a density of 1000 ind/ L. This mating culture was using a container with a volume of water of 2 ml per individual. The results of this study were indicated that mating M. macrocopa using 70-hour old sexual females resulted in the highest ephippia production. Mating M. macrocopa with a sex ratio of 9:30 (male and female sexual) ware resulted in ephippia containing two eggs of 100%, with ephippia hatching degree of 35.4- 38.3%.
Postnatal Depression: Frequency, Demographic Characteristics and Risk Factors
Authors: Dawar Sher Ayub , Niaz Hina , Khan Asaf Alam , Ayub Zahida 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVES:
The iobjective iof ithe istudy iwas ito iestimate ithe iprevalence iof postpartum idepression iand iits iassociated irisk ifactors iamong imothers.

METHODOLOGY:
This icross-sectional istudy iwas icarried iout iin ithe iDepartment of iObstetrics i& iGynecology,iand iDepartment iof iPsychiatry, iKhyber Teaching Hospital iPeshawar 1st April 2018 till 31st March 2019. iA itotal i750 ipost-natal imothers iwere iscreened irandomly ifor ipostnatal idepression ifor ifirst i1-2 weeks ifollowing idelivery iby iusing iEdinburgh iPostnatal iDepression iScale (EPDS). 680 iaccepted ito iparticipate, i70 irefused ito iparticipate iand i504 ifulfill ithe inclusion icriteria. iA iscore iof i≥13 iwas iconsidered ihaving Ipostpartum depression.

RESULTS:
A itotal iof i168 iwomen ihad ian iEPDS iscore i10, iyielding ia icrude prevalence irate iof i34%. iThe iprevalence iof isuicidal iideation iwas i14 iout iof 504 (3%), iamong iwhich i11 i(79%) ihad iEPDS iscore iof i10. iWe ifitted multiple ilinear iregression imodels ito ievaluate ithe ipredictors iof ivariables measured ion ithe iEPDS. iThis imodel iwas istatistically isignificant p<0.0001 iin ipredicting ithe itotal iEPDS iscore. iWomen's iemployment istatus, domestic iviolence iand imarital iconflict iwere istatistically isignificant predictors.

CONCLUSION:
Thisistudy ireflected ithe ifacts ithat imany iof ithe ipostnatal mothers iof iour icircumstances isuffer ifrom ipostpartum idepression iand ineeds medical iattention. iScreening iof ipostpartum idepression ishould ibe iconsidered as ia iroutine ipart iof ipostpartum icare.

KEYWORDS: IPostpartum IDepression, Risk IFactors, Socio-Demographic IFactors, Pakistan
Investigation of Important Weak Interaction Nuclei in Presupernova Evolution
Authors: Nabi Jameel-Un , Ullah Asim , Khan Ali Abas 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This project aims to investigate the most important weak interaction nuclei in the presupernova evolution of massive stars. To achieve this goal, an ensemble containing 728 nuclei in the mass range of A = 1–100 was considered. We computed the mass fractions of these nuclei using Saha’s equation for predetermined values of T, ρ, and Y

e
and assuming nuclear statistical equilibrium. The nuclear partition functions were obtained using a newly introduced recipe where excited states, up to 10 MeV, were treated as discrete. The weak interaction rates (electron capture (ec) and β-decay (bd)) were calculated in a totally microscopic fashion using the proton–neutron quasiparticle random phase approximation model and without assuming the Brink–Axel hypothesis. The calculated rates were coupled with the computed mass fractions to investigate the time rate of change of lepton to baryon fraction of the stellar matter. We compare our results with the previous calculations reported in the literature. Noticeable differences up to orders of magnitude are reported with previous calculations. These differences may influence the evolution of the star in the later stages of presupernova. We present a list of the top 50 ec and bd nuclei, which have the largest effect on Y

e
for conditions after silicon core burning. The competition between the ec and bd rates in the stellar core was investigated and it was found that Y

e
= 0.424–0.455 is the interval where the bd results are bigger than the ec rates.
Sky islands of the Cameroon Volcanic Line support the westernmost clade of five new Typoderus weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae)
Authors: Grebennikov Vasily V. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe weevil genusTypoderusis for the first time reported west of the Congo basin. Analysis of 2,136 aligned positions from one mitochondrial and two nuclear fragments revealed a moderately supported clade of five new Cameroonian species:T. amphionsp. nov.(Mt. Oku),T. canthussp. nov. (Mt. Oku),T. clytiussp. nov.(Mt. Cameroon),T. iphitussp. nov.(Mt. Kupe) andT. telamonsp. nov.(Mt. Kupe). Molecular clock analysis of 20 DNA barcode fragments using a fixed substitution rate estimated divergences within this clade to be during the Middle to Late Miocene (10.5–5.4 million years ago, MYA), which pre-dates the onset of the Pliocene-Pleistocene global climatic fluctuations and corresponding cycles of African forest size fluctuation. Such relatively old dates are unexpected and might reflect four unavoidable shortcomings of the temporal analysis: 1. undersampled ingroup, 2. scarcity of comparative temporal data for other animal clades from the Cameroon Volcanic Line, 3. oversimplification of a fixed-rate molecular clock approach using a single maternally-inherited protein-coding marker and 4. possible overestimation of comparatively old ages when using largely saturated mitochondrial sequences. Two obscure weevil species from the Republic of the Congo are hypothesized to belong to the genusTypoderus:T. distinctus(Hoffmann, 1968)comb. nov.(from Anchonidium subgenus Neoanchonidium) andT. baloghi(Hoffmann, 1968)comb. nov.(from Anchonidium subgenus Subanchonidium). Three genus-group names are newly synonymized underTypoderus:EntypoderusVoss, 1965syn. nov.(the only non-nominative subgenus ofTypoderus),NeoanchonidiumHoffmann, 1968syn. nov.(subgenus ofAnchonidium) andSubanchonidiumHoffmann, 1968syn. nov.(subgenus ofAnchonidium). Habitus images and other supplementary information of all sequenced specimens are available online at dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-VGDS005 and dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-VGDS006.
An experimental study on phytochemical composition and memory enhancing effect of Ginkgo biloba seed extract
Authors: Tomova Teodora , Doncheva Nina , Mihaylova Anita , Kostadinov Ilia , Peychev Lyudmil , Argirova Mariana 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The Ginkgo biloba L. tree is considered as one of the oldest species on Earth. It is known as a &ldquo;living fossil&rdquo; dating back approximately 200 million years. Both the leaves and seeds of this tree have been used for millennia in traditional Chinese medicine.
Aim: To study the phytochemical profile of Gingko biloba seed extract (GBSE) and its memory enhancing effects.
Materials and methods: Liquid chromatography with mass detection (LC-MS) was performed for phytochemical analyses of the extracts. For the in vivo experiments, male Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups (n=8): saline; piracetam; &nbsp;GBSE 50; 100, and 200 mg/kg b.w. Y-maze, T-maze, step-down passive avoidance and novel object recognition test (NORT) were performed. The observed parameters were: percentage of spontaneous alternations (% SA), working memory index, latency of reaction and recognition index, respectively. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 19.
Results: LC-MS analysis showed the presence of the flavonoids quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin (as aglycones), the ginkgolides A, B, C, J, and bilobalide. In Y-maze task, the groups treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg of GBSE significantly increased the % SA during the memory test compared to saline (p<0.05). In T-maze test, the three experimental groups with GBSE significantly increased the working memory index in comparison with that of the control group (p<0.05). In step-down test, the animals receiving 100 mg/kg b.w. GBSE, notably increased the latency during both retention tests (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). In NORT, only the animals with the middle dose of GBSE ameliorated the recognition index when compared to saline (p<0.05).
Conclusions: GBSE enhances spatial working memory, recognition memory, and short- and long-term recall in na&iuml;ve rats due to the synergic effects of detected flavonoids and terpene lactones on brain functions. The brain structures involved are probably the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
Reduction in Nurses' Death Anxiety Following a Death Awareness Workshop
Authors: Murphy Patricia A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of a death awareness workshop on the death anxiety of 150 registered nurses. This quasi-experimental design used two groups of subjects. One group experienced the workshop while the other did not and served as a control group. Templer's Death Anxiety Scale was used to measure the dependent variable.
The results indicate that the workshop did decrease the nurses' death anxiety. The discussion of the findings and recommendations for further study are presented.
Personal Accounts of Satisfying and Unsatisfying Nursing Experiences as a Needs Assessment Strategy
Authors: MacDonald R Isabel , Grogin Esther R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This article describes the assessment process by which learning needs of a select group of nurses in a forensic psychiatric setting were identified and used for continuing education (CE) program planning. To determine whether a gap existed between what the nurses currently knew and what they needed to know in order to have a sense of accomplishment, their personal accounts of satisfying and unsatisfying nursing experiences were analyzed. The factors that influenced these experiences were categorized according to a theory of basic human needs, and learning needs were identified from those categories. Implications for the planning of content and methodology of CE programs for the study group were then developed.
Effective Teacher Characteristics Identified by Adult Learners in Nursing
Authors: Eason Frances Rogers , Corbett Robin Webb 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
What characteristics should adult education nursing faculty use to get and maintain the attention and interest of learners? There is a dearth of research or literature available to guide nursing faculty in "grabbing" the learner's interest or attention. Thus, the outcome of this project identified 20 attributes as effective teacher characteristics perceived by learners. Further, these attributes were used to generate a checklist to enhance an educator's ability to hone in on salient characteristics desired by nursing continuing education learners. This checklist, "Be Prepared to Teach," will assist the educator to utilize both professional and personal characteristics perceived as effective by adult learners.
Maintaining Clinical Excellence in a Weekend Alternative Program: The Role of the Divisional Clinical Manager
Authors: Elliott Dolores , Gould Marie T , Hickey Mary , Stablein Dona 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Many innovative management changes designed to promote clinical excellence and scholarship were undertaken by the nursing executive team at our 821-bed tertiary care teaching hospital. Included in diese changes was the creation of the divisional clinical manager (DCM). The purpose of this article is to describe how diese weekend managers employees contribute to the overall objectives of providing consistent supervision, clinical support and a rich continuing education program.
Teaching Reliability and Validity: Rin with Classroom Applications
Authors: Froman Robin D , Owen Steven V 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In addition to the basic role of educating and facilitating learning, in recent years, staff development educators and continuing educators also have assumed a major role of facilitating research in many institutions. As more emphasis is placed on bedside research, stimulating staff interest has been a challenge. This article describes a fun way to help staff members acquire or refocus on skills and concepts essential to clinical research.
Educating Nurses in Political Process: A Growing Need
Authors: Winter Kathleen 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
If we are to advance the profession of nursing, we must educate nurses to become key participants in the formulation of health policy. If we fail to do this, others will make decisions that affect our practice without our input. A growing number of nurses are recognizing the need to increase our power, and we understand that political participation provides a pathway to power. We must continue to increase the number of nurses who are politically astute and active in order to achieve our goal. The most effective way to accomplish this is to educate large numbers of staff nurses for this vital role. This article suggests educational strategies and methods that can be utilized in continuing education programs to begin the political education process.