bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The productivity of five-field crop rotations and their influence on humus content in southern Russia
Authors: Pashtetskiy V S , Radchenko L A , Turin E N , Zhenchenko K G 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
It is proved that the productivity of all crops is higher when growing them in crop rotation, and not permanently. According to a significant number of scientists, crop rotation is the only agricultural element in the system of agriculture, the action of which is based on natural foundations. Proper crop rotation, with an appropriate set of crops, helps stabilize the presence of humus in the soil. If the structure contains 20-25% of legumes, the amount of humus in the soil will not only stabilize but will increase. The purpose of these studies is to study the productivity of short-rotational crop rotations and to establish their effect on soil fertility, in particular on the presence of humus after two rotations. The experimental component of the study consists of three repetitions with a randomized placement of crop rotations. Soil cultivation, norms and terms of fertilizer application, sowing, and crop care are generally accepted. All studied crop rotations are recommended to farm enterprises, depending on the specialization of the farm. Crop rotations with clean steam should be in farms engaged in the production of a marketable grain of valuable and robust wheat and seed production. Crop rotations with busy couples should be in enterprises that specialize in raising dairy cattle. Crop rotation is an economically viable, real way to increase the productivity of each crop and the entire crop rotation as a whole, as well as restoration of soil fertility. Compliance with crop rotation stabilizes or increases the presence of humus from 1.70 to 2% in a layer of 0-40 cm.
Increase in efficiency of spring rapeseed production due to modern seed pickers
Authors: Vinogradov D V , Stupin A S , Lupova E I , Sokolov A A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper describes the research conducted at the experimental agricultural technology station of Ryazan State Agrotechnological University Named after P.A. Kostychev (FSBEI HE RSATU). The aim of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-pest protectants in the technology of spring rape production in the conditions of the Ryazan region. Based on the results, the species composition of phytophages in spring rape crops of the Ryazan region is established. It is revealed that pre-sowing seed treatment of spring rape with insecticidal preparations is highly effective in controlling cruciferous flea and is an indispensable element in agricultural technology. It is also revealed that pre-sowing treatment of rapeseed with insecticides Kruiser Rapeseed, KS (15l/t) and Modesto, KS (25l/t) can reduce damage to plants by cruciferous flea by 1.7 to 1.9 times and increase oilseeds by 6.0 c/ha.
Viability of agricultural crop seeds in unregulated natural storage facilities of the Arctic Circle
Authors: Musaev F B , Beletsky S L , Soldatenko A V , Gaplaev M Sh , Ushakova O V , Antoshkina M S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Genetic collections of plants are mainly contained in the form of seeds, the conservation of which is an important state task. To maintain the collection in a living state, it is necessary to periodically check the germination of seeds, and if necessary, carry out reseeding of seeds in order to reproduce them. The genetically determined shelf life of seeds can be significantly extended by creating optimal storage conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to search or create environmental conditions under which the seeds could remain viable for as long as possible. There are modern high-tech seed storages in the world, but in case of emergency, emergency situations, natural storages will be in a better position, one of which is located on the Taimyr Peninsula. In 1974, an experiment was begun to study the preservation of grain, seeds, and various products in different types of packaging under permafrost conditions with the participation of a number of research institutions. Grain cereals of various samples have been in long-termstorage since 1980. Intermediate seeding and analysis of seeds showed a high degree of viability and prolongation of economic suitability. In 2016, the All-Russian Research Institute for Selection and Seeding of Vegetable Crops (now the Federal Research Center for Horticulture) joined in a long experiment. The employees of breeding laboratories selected a collection of seeds of seven main types of vegetable crops, the samples were laid in three replicates, in accordance with the planned three periods of harvesting, for a long shelf life in permafrost conditions.
Research in the field of processing plant materials, and obtaining new materials, biologically active substances and medicines
Authors: Kaziev G Z , Koroteev M P , Kokoev T I , Koroteev A M , Stepnova A F , Dzhioeva C G 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Complex processing of renewable plant materials is becoming the most relevant in modern socio-economic conditions. In this regard, it seems appropriate to single out the problem of the development and production of biologically active food products of rehabilitation and medical and preventive purposes from renewable plant materials and waste from their industrial processing as a priority area of innovation. The growing interest in wastes from processing plant materials is due to the fact that potential volumes, for example, sawdust, grape, apple, beetroot, and other squeezes allow them to be classified as industrial raw materials. The complete extraction of all valuable components from it is one of the ways to increase the profitability of the agricultural industry by expanding the range and volume of products. The environmental aspect is also important. Waste volumes pose a serious threat to the environment and require the development of effective ways of their disposal. This paper presents an original non-waste, energy-saving technology for the integrated processing of plant materials, in particular waste of larch wood, obtaining new structural materials and biologically active substances on its basis. The work considers the latest data, mainly by the authors, on the structure and chemical properties of dihydroquercetin (taxifolin) as one of the representatives of plant flavonoids (FL). The latter are excellent means not only for the prevention and maintenance of health, but also for the treatment of many diseases.
Creation of planting material for small-leaved linden in the Omsk region
Authors: Barayshchuk G V , Konovalova A P 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Small-leaved linden occupies the most important place among tree species, being a valuable plant due to its ability to yield nectar. Expanding the growth area of small-leaved linden will allow the local population to increase the production volume of linden honey, which has long been considered the best one. Currently, there is no artificial reforestation of this tree species in the Omsk region, since this tree species is grown in very small quantities in the forest nurseries of the main Forestry Department of the Omsk region, mainly for the purpose of urban planting of greenery. Small-leaved linden has a high decorative value and is therefore used as a park tree for urban planting of greenery in Omsk and for improvement of recreational areas. Many issues of artificial reproduction of small-leaved linden in the conditions of the Omsk region remain unexplored. In places of natural growth, only propagation with young growing trees is of practical value. Seed propagation technology has not been developed for the conditions of the Omsk region. The issue complexity lies in the fact that small-leaved linden has a period of long and deep physiological seed dormancy. The article considers experimental data on the propagation of small-leaved linden by seeds, analyzes parameters of growth and development of seedlings. The heterogeneity of planting material (seedlings) grown from seeds of local origin has been determined. The use of environmentally friendly products to protect and stimulate the growth of seedlings has produced positive results. Preparations Black yeast and Azolen increased the height of seedlings and the diameter of the root neck, and preparations Trichodermin and Elena contributed to the formation of a more powerful root system.
Developing a model for simulation of mechanical damages to buckwheat during mechanical grain processing
Authors: Trotsenko V V , Trotsenko I V , Komendantova N V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper tells about actual problem of the efficiency increasing of buckwheat production by reducing the mechanical damage, which appears as the result of technological processes during harvesting, post-harvesting and pre-sowing. The mechanical processing causes the damages to some of the buckwheat grains during the interaction between the grains and the units of a mechanism. The pressure of the mechanism induces the excess stress and the grains are destroyed. This article shows the buckwheat grain is modeled like a cylindrical trihedron for the estimation of these stresses. The mathematical relationships for the suggested forms let us associate the parameters of the length, width and thickness of grains with the radii of the surfaces of the faces and the location of the axes of the intersecting cylinders. This knowledge of let us use the well-known relationships of the theory of elasticity in determining the values of stresses in various types of contacting grains and units of machines. It has been experimentally established that the main proportion (more than 85%) of the buckwheat grain batches is presented like grains with cylindrical faces, the ratio of the actual grain width to its thickness for different varieties differs from the calculated one by no more than 10%, and the deviation of the actual buckwheat grain volume from the calculated one depending on the variety does not exceed 15%.
Approbation of the technology for increasing the milk productivity of cows kept on rations with the addition of wastes from the alcohol industry
Authors: Miroshnikov S A , Zavyalov O A , Frolov A N , Kurilkina M Ya 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to test the technology for increasing the milk productivity of cows kept on rations with the addition of wastes from the alcohol industry (wheat stillage). The experiment was conducted on Simmental cows (n = 30). The methodology involved feeding animals with wheat bard (40 l / animal) throughout the experiment and 60 days before the beginning of the study. Based on the comparison of elemental composition of wool with the “physiological norms”, the composition of mineral premix was calculated using 25 chemical elements and all animals were divided into two groups by the analogue method: control and experimental ones. The feeding and keeping conditions were identical. Cows of the experimental group additionally received correctable elements (Ca, Se, Zn, Mn) as part of the premix. Animals of the control group received the main diet. A four-month correction course normalized the elemental status indicators in animals of the experimental group for all correctable elements, including lead and strontium. The only exception was phosphorus whose concentration in the wool exceeded the upper limit by 1.7 times. At the same time, feeding wheat bard to cows of the control group was accompanied by the development of calcium, zinc, manganese, selenium and iodine dyslementoses. When correcting the elemental status of cows, there was a change in the antioxidant status of blood serum expressed in a decrease in the level of molon dialdehyde by 21.24 % and an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase by 6.6 %. Differences in indicators of the morphological and biochemical composition of blood were established. In animals of the experimental group, milk yield and milk fat yield was higher by 7.2 %.
Productivity and quality of meat from Kalmyk bull calves stimulated by immunomodulating agents
Authors: Pogodaev V A , Golembovsky V V , Komlatsky V I , Velichko L F , Konkov L I 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Laboratory of Biological Modulators developed a new drug IMA (immunomodulating agent). The purpose of the study was to analyze meat productivity and interior indices of bull calves subjected to an immunomodulating agent (IMA). The IMA injections to pregnant cows two months before calving contributed to the activation of metabolic processes in their bodies, which, in turn, improved fetal growth and development. The body weight of bull calves at birth was more by 1.59 and 2.89 kg. There was an increase in the average body weight of bull calves aged 18 months before slaughter by 7.8 and 12.2 % (P≤0.01). They had higher slaughter yield by 1.0 and 1.76 absolute percent, and the main indicators – edible index was higher by 12.91 and 19.24 %; fleshing index – by 11.11 and 17.43 % respectively. The muscle tissue of the bull calves of all experimental groups has high nutritional and biological value. It is recommended to use the injection of immune modulator IMA to cows two months before calving at a dose of 5.0 ml per head four times with an interval of 7 days.
Tests of a two-stage vortex device for homogenization of milk
Authors: Fialkova E A , Baronov V I , Slobodin A A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The subject of the study is milk homogenization process in the original design two-stage vortex device consisting of two vortex tubes connected with each other in series at a right-angle. The aim of this work is to optimize the operational and geometrical parameters of the vortex tubes relative location, with tubes forming the homogenizing device. Experimental study of the vortex devices was conducted on the basis of an OGZM-1.6 plunger pump with a capacity of 1.6 m3/h, using a milk with fat content of 2.5% at a temperature of 60°C. To assess the quality of the homogenization process, the microscopic examination method was used employing BIOLAR high-resolution microscope with immersion lens (1000 x magnification). Process quality was assessed according to the average size of milk fat globules. Experimental studies have shown that the best result for two-stage homogenization is achieved with the installation of the second vortex tube at an angle of 20° to the horizon with the differential pressure of the first stage 14 MPa and in the second stage – 3 MPa.
Composition and content of antioxidants in nodules and leaves of stachis (Stachys sieboldii Mig) of Bochonok and Rakushka varieties
Authors: Molchanova M A , Gins E M , Moskalev E A , Tumanyan A F , Romanova E V , Baykov A A , Gins V K , Gins M S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Providing the world population with high-quality and functional food products is one of the main tasks of modern scientists. The introduction and subsequent cultivation of new and rare crops makes it possible to expand the diet. Stachys sieboldii Mig, or stakhys, is a vegetable plant with medicinal properties. Of particular value is the underground part of the plant, its nodules. But even the leaves accumulate microelements, antioxidants and phenolic compounds.
Evaluation of potato tubers of Nevsky variety and selection hybrids by amino acid composition
Authors: Mushinskiy A A , Aminova E V , Fedotova L S , Dergileva T T 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Potato protein is recognized as one of the most valuable plant proteins due to its high content of essential amino acids. Changes in the metabolic composition of potato tubers during low temperature storage can affect their nutritional value. In the course of study, the amino acid composition of potato tubers was determined, differing in the color of the pulp stored at a temperature of 2 °C for 7 months. The research included the study of 3 hybrids of potato and potato variety of standard Nevsky, hybrid 10.76.1 with red peel, others with yellow peel. With increasing storage time, the total protein content and especially the amino acid content increased. The determination of amino acids was carried out according to “M-04-38-2009” with the system of capillary electrophoresis “Drops-105”, the starch content – by specific gravity (GOST 7194-81); reducing sugars – according to the Sumner method; crude protein – according to the Kjeldahl method, GOST 13496.4-93; nitrate content – by ion-metric, according to GOST 29270-95. Biochemical analysis of potato tubers allows us to highly evaluate of the hybrid 10.76.1 with red peel according to the EAA amino acid composition index with an indicator of 61.6 to 63.1 % and taste with an indicator 7.9 to 6.5 points and the ratio of starch/protein with an indicator of 14.0 to 15.7, which is higher than similar indicators of the Nevsky standard.
The effectiveness of using mathematical modeling in assessing the quality of food products
Authors: Akimov S S , Lebedev S V , Grechkina V V , Miroshnikova M S , Topuria G M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In the development of new formulations and assessment of their quality it is advisable to use mathematical modeling. The quality of any food product is determined by its characteristic properties of the quality indicator. Currently, the food industry has significantly expanded the use of mathematical methods. This is due to the fact that any technically and economically unjustified decision leads to significant material losses. In experiments, we studied the quality and safety of fat supplements with their additional introduction into the diet. As a result of the conducted research, the correlation analysis method using nonparametric methods revealed a correlation between the chemical composition of the diet and the time factor. When sunflower oil was added to the diet, a correlation was established between the activity of enzymes and the chemical composition of crude protein (r=0.71) and crude fat (g=-0.62). When palm oil was added to the diet, a correlation was found between raw fat (r=0.55) and organic matter (r=-0.54). Flaxseed oil contributed to the correlation of crude protein (r=-0.52) and nitrogen-free extractives (r=-0.55), as well as organic matter (r=0.54). The formulated mathematical models based on correlation allow us to take into account the time factor, diet, and individual indicators of the fat component. In addition, they allow one to develop not only a new feed recipe depending on the fat and acid composition of the diet in the presence of the specified initial data, but also to predict their effect on the quality of the product.
Classification and ranking of spring soft wheat varieties by grain quality in the conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals
Authors: Belkina R I , Letyago Yu A , Kucherov D I 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article summarizes the information available in the region on the quality of wheat grain, considers the possibilities of ranking varieties by individual and grouped indicators of grain quality. The classification of wheat varieties into groups was developed taking into account the purpose of the grain. The first group includes varieties whose grain of the highest quality is within the requirements for strong wheat. The second group is represented by varieties, the grain of which under local conditions can be a good raw material for the production of high varieties of flour. The third group includes varieties that in some years form grain quality indicators below the standards of the third class GOST. The fourth group includes high-yielding varieties of wheat. Grain of these varieties is recommended for feed use. The developed classification can be used in characterizing varieties of state testing and selecting varieties for use in production. A graded assessment of varieties by food value is given. For a comprehensive assessment of varieties by quality criteria, an index is used - the ratio of the actual value of the indicator to the normative. The use of the quality index makes it possible to assess compliance with the standards of individual signs of grain quality, as well as rank varieties according to a set of quality indicators.
The effectiveness of adaptive pork quality management technology
Authors: Zhuravel V V , Miftakhutdinov A V , Zhuravel N A , Abdyramanova T D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In accordance with the research purpose, the effectiveness of adaptive pork quality management technology using chitosan was evaluated. The natural biopolymer was used during raising and fattening of sows. The introduction of chitosan in the technological cycle of pork production made it possible to increase the live weight by 7.42-16.74, to shorten the period of reaching a live weight of 100 kg by 3.11-3.89%. Meat productivity due to an increase in the slaughter mass and carcass yield increased by 1.65-13.46%, meat quality due to an increase in the carcass length, mass of the back third of the carcass, and the “muscle” eye increased by 1.84-10.85%. The effect of chitosan on the ratio of meat to fat was identified - it increased by 13.41%, and the coefficient reflecting the ratio of moisture to dry matter and moisture to protein decreased by 7.37-9.79%. The greatest effect was achieved when using chitosan for both sows and piglets, while the minimum effect was achieved when using chitosan only for sows.
Influence of toxic load on milk producing ability
Authors: Kazakova T V , Marshinskaia O V , Notova S V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of the total toxic load on milk producing ability of Holstein cows in the Vologda region. Samples of animal hair were studied by atomic emission and mass spectral analysis with inductively coupled plasma to determine the concentrations of chemical elements. Depending on the toxic load factor, the animals were divided into two groups: with a lower and higher coefficient relative to the studied sample. Evaluation of productivity was carried out on the materials accumulated in breeding enterprises during the control milking operation. The analysis of the results of the content of chemical elements in the wool of dairy cows revealed that animals with a high toxicity coefficient had statistically significantly higher values of Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Al, Ni, and V. There was a tendency toward higher rates of elements such as As, Cd, Hg, Sr, Zn, B, Ca, Co, Cr, I, Li, Mg, Na, P, Se, Si and Sn. It was found that with an increase in the toxic load on the animal organism, milk productivity decreases.
Evaluating the properties of organic and mineral sludge as a raw material for the production of sorption material
Authors: Sapronova Zh A , Makridina Yu L , Starostina I V , Spirin M N , Fomina E V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The comparative investigations of the physical and chemical properties of two large-tonnage organic and mineral wastes of agricultural raw materials processing - carbonate sediment (CS) formed during the processing of sugar beets and diatomaceous sludge (DS), which is a waste product of sunflower oil production were carried out in work. It was found that in both materials during burning, carbonization of organic substances occurs on the surface of the mineral core; heat treatment gives them hydrophobic properties, the pH of the aqueous extract has an alkaline reaction (for DS pH = 10.8, for CS pH = 11.5). The central part of the mineral component of CS is calcium carbonate, and DS is silicon oxide, CS has a more developed specific surface area, which is ensured by the presence of small globular structures. The oil capacity of the materials after heat treatment is 3.5 g/g for DS and 1.13 g/g for CS; dye capacity “methylene blue” for heat-treated CS is 77.9 mg/g, it is 9.5 mg/g for DS. Further research is needed to develop a method for sharing these materials for the effective treatment of multicomponent sewage.