bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Perceptions of the Health Impacts of Climate Change Among Canadians
Authors: Cameron Laura , Casson Nora , Mauro Ian , Friesen-Hughes Karl , Rocque Rhéa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background At a time of intersecting public health crises of COVID-19 and climate change, understanding public perceptions of the health risks of climate change is critical to inform risk communication and support the adoption of adaptive behaviours. In Canada, very few studies have explored public understandings and perceptions of climate impacts on health. Methods This study addresses this gap through a nationally-representative survey of Canadians (n=3,014) to explore public perceptions and awareness regarding the link between climate change and health in Canada. The 116-question survey measured awareness of the link between climate change and health, affective assessment of climate health impacts, unprompted knowledge of climate health impacts, and concern about a range of impacts. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to test for differences in median values among sociodemographic groups. The survey also measured baseline climate opinion, which was used to segment the public into different audiences through a latent class analysis.Results Three climate opinion classes were identified in the sample (disengaged, concerned, and alarmed) and perceptions of climate health impacts were compared across these classes and other sociodemographic variables. Approximately half (53%) of respondents have considerable awareness of the link between climate change and health, and even more (61%) perceive climate change as bad for health. The majority of respondents (58%) can name one or more health impact without prompting. Concern about health impacts of climate change is highest among the alarmed and lowest among the disengaged, as compared to concerns about other categories of climate impacts such as economic. Across the survey, knowledge and concern are highest for water- and food-related health impacts.Conclusions The differential knowledge, awareness, and concern of climate health impacts across segments of the Canadian population can inform targeted communication and engagement to build broader support for adaptation and mitigation measures.
Characteristic Pollutants Purification Analysis of Modified Phosphogypsum Comprehensive Utilization
Authors: Wang Chao-Qiang , Xiong De-Ming , Chen Yu , Wu Kai , Wang Pei-Xin , Zhang Zhao-Ji , Zhou Lei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The waste product Phosphogypsum (PG) produces in phosphoric acid production processes. Its storage requires large amounts of land resources and exist serious environmental risks. In this work detailed experimental research was carried out to investigate the potential reuse of PG after calcination modification as a novel building material for cast-in-place concrete products. The calcination modification mechanism was studied and the environmental risk assessment of modified PG is presented. The calcination modification includes crystal phase transformation, removal of impurities and modifying the pH value. The calcination was carried out at 280℃ for 3-4 hours, where the resulting product is a pH value of 7.3, and the soluble fluorine and phosphorus removal rates reach up to 72.7% and 82.4% respectively. These removal rates meet the requirements of the national Phosphogypsum standard (GB/T 23456-2009). To ensure the environmental safety, ecological risk assessment methods for determining the leaching toxicity of the modified PG were employed. The toxicity of Ba and P elements in the modified PG products was assessed, as well as the leaching toxicity concentrations of all particular heavy metals, which were found well below the limits set by the national standards. All the results presented strongly suggest that the 280℃ modified PG presented here has excellent application potential as a raw component in building materials.
Multidimensional Measure of Instrumental Support in Transitional Care – Design and Pilot Test of a Questionnaire Assessing Instrumental Support Among Older Adults With Chronic Diseases
Authors: Yang Fengbo , Hua Jianing , Geng Guiling , Cui Min , Yang Wenwen , Geng Zihan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Previous studies indicated that poor quantity and quality of instrumental support are one of the main barriers in the application of transitional care. Instrumental support, as one common function of social support, is the provision of financial assistance, material goods, or services. The purpose of our study is to develop a Instrumental Support in Transitional Care Questionnaire (ISTCQ), and use this questionnaire to make an assessment among older adults with chronic diseases. Methods: The draft questionnaire was examined by 18 experts from different professional fields performing three rounds of content validity testing with Delphi method. Afterwards, we conducted a pilot test recruiting 174 participants as a convenience sample in Nantong, China. The construct validity was confirmed via exploratory factor analysis and reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Results: The authority coefficient of experts was 0.74-0.99 and Kendall harmony coefficient W was 0.381. The exploratory factor analysis indicated that the questionnaire can be interpreted by three factors: namely, anticipated support (items 1, 2, 3, 4), received support (items 5, 6, 7, 8) and support satisfaction (items 9, 10, 11, 12). These three factors (eigenvalues > 1 and factor loading > 0.4) explained 69.128% of the total variance. Furthermore, the calculation of Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability have showed good reliability among each dimension of the 12-item questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha 0.711–0.827, test-retest reliability 0.704-0.818). Conclusion: Results from the pilot test demonstrated excellent reliability and validity of ISTCQ through each dimension and as an entire.
Infants Hospitalized for Acute COVID-19: Disease Severity in a Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Merckx Joanna , Morris Shaun K. , Bitnun Ari , Gill Peter , Tal Tala El , Laxer Ronald M. , Yeh Ann , Yea Carmen , Ulloa-Gutierrez Rolando , Brenes-Chacon Helena , Yock-Corrales Adriana , Ivankovich-Escoto Gabriela , Soriano-Fallas Alejandra , de Mezerville Marcela Hernandez , Papenburg Jesse , Lefebvre Marie-Astrid , Nateghian Alireza , Aski Behzad Haghighi , Manafi Ali , Dwilow Rachel , Bullard Jared , Cooke Suzette , Dewan Tammie , Restivo Lea , Lopez Alison , Sadarangani Manish , Roberts Ashley , Barton Michelle , Petel Dara , Saux Nicole Le , Bowes Jennifer , Purewal Rupeena , Lautermilch Janell , Tehseen Sarah , Bayliss Ann , Wong Jacqueline K. , Viel-Thériault Isabelle , Piche Dominique , Top Karina A. , Leifso Kirk , Foo Cheryl , Panetta Luc , Robinson Joan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Age is the most important determinant of COVID-19 severity. Infectious disease severity by age is typically J-shaped, with infants and the elderly carrying a high burden of disease. We report on the comparative disease severity between infants and older children in a multicenter retrospective cohort study of children 0 to 17 year old admitted for acute COVID-19 February 2020 through May 2021 in 17 pediatric hospitals. We compare clinical and laboratory characteristics and estimate the association between age group and disease severity using ordinal logistic regression. We found that infants comprised one third of cases, but were admitted for a shorter period (median 3 days IQR 2-5 versus 4 days IQR 2-7), had a lower likelihood to have an increased C-reactive protein and had half the odds of older children of having severe or critical disease (OR 0.50 (95% Confidence Interval 0.32-0.78)).Conclusion: When compared to older children, there appeared to be a lower threshold to admit infants but their length of stay is shorter and they have a lower odds than older children of progressing to severe or critical disease.
Optimized LQR-PID Controller Using Squirrel Search Algorithm for Trajectory Tracking of a 6-DoF Parallel Manipulator
Authors: Choubey Chandan , Ohri Jyoti 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In 6 Degree of Freedom (DOF) parallel manipulator, trajectory tracking is one of the main challenges. To obtain the desired trajectory, the DC motor needs to generate optimal torque. So to obtain optimal torque, an optimized Linear Quadratic Regulator-Proportional–Integral–Derivative (LQR-PID) controller is presented in this paper. For optimizing the Q, R and gain parameters of LQR-PID controller, Squirrel Search Algorithm (SSA) is presented. In this algorithm, minimal cost function of LQR-PID controller is considered as objective function. The SSA based LQR-PID controller leads the motor to generate optimal torque that helps to attain the desired trajectory of 6-DOF parallel manipulator. Results of the work depicts that the SSA based LQR-PID controller achieves the best mean velocity, sum square error (SSE), integral square error (ISE) and integral absolute error (IAE).
Asymmetric Relationship of Global Human Obesity and Political Globalization Through World Human Development Levels
Authors: Munir Mubbasher , Zakaria Zahrah Tul Amani , Alhajj Reda , Salem Sultan , Arshed Noman 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Political globalization is a crucial and distinct component of strengthening global organizations. Obesity is a global epidemic in a few nations, and it is on the verge of becoming a pandemic that would bring plenty of diseases. The focus of this research is to see how the political globalization index affects worldwide human obesity in relation to global human development levels. Methods: In order to assess any cross-sectional dependence among observed 109 nations, the yearly period from 1990 to 2017 is analyzed using second generation panel data methods. KAO panel cointegration test and Feasible Generalized Least Square model were used to meet our objectives. Results: Low level of political Globalization tends to increase global human obesity because countries cannot sway international decisions and resources towards them. While the high level of political Globalization tends to reduce obesity because they can control and amends the international decisions. For the regression model, a feasible Generalized Least Square model was utilized. The study observed that the R squared values for all models are healthy, with a minimum of 87 percent variables explaining differences in global obesity at the country level. Conclusion: There is a very important to tackle globalization issue to reduce global human obesity. Simplicity of dietary options and the amount of physical labour they undergo in their agricultural duties, an increase in rural population percentage tends to lower the average national obesity value.
Dynamic Response and Chaotic Behavior of a Controllable Flexible Robot
Authors: Ban Caixia , Cai Ganwei , Wei Wei , Peng Sixu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Flexible robots with controllable mechanisms have advantages over common tandem robots in vibration magnitude, residual vibration time, working speed, and efficiency. However, abnormal vibration can sometimes occur during their use, affecting their normal operation. In order to better understand the causes of this abnormal vibration, our work takes a controllable flexible robot as a research object, and uses a combination of Lagrangian and finite element methods to establish its nonlinear elastic dynamics. The effectiveness of the model is verified by comparing the frequency of the numerical calculation and the test. The time-domain diagram, phase diagram, Poincaré map, and maximum Lyapunov exponent of the elastic motion of the robot wrist are studied, and the chaotic phenomena in the system are identified through the phase diagram, Poincaré map, and the maximum Lyapunov exponent. The relationship between the parameters of the robot motion and the maximum Lyapunov exponent is discussed, including trajectory angular speed and radius. The results show that chaotic behavior exists in the controllable flexible robot, and that trajectory angular speed and radius all have an influence on the chaotic motion, which provides a theoretical basis for further research on the control and optimal design of the mechanism.
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Administation on Analgesic, Respiration and Inflammatory Responses in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli , Zhao Wenping , Sun Cong , Huang Zhihua , Zhan Lifang , Xiao Chunlin , Shan Reai , Lai Luying 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLocal anesthesia has been recommended for percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) in recent years; however, the efficacy, including oxidative stress, inflammatory reactions and ventilation effects, when intravenous dexmedetomidine (DEX) is administered during PELD has not been thoroughly described.MethodsSixty patients undergoing PELD were randomly allocated to either an intravenous DEX sedation group (Group A) or a normal saline group (Group B). Respiratory data, including minute ventilation (MV), tidal volume (TV), and respiratory rate (RR), were recorded using a respiratory volume monitor (RVM), and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) was measured by pulse oximetry. The visual analog score (VAS) and the plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were also recorded to evaluate oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions.ResultsThere were no significant differences in RR, MV, TV and SpO2 between the two groups at any time point (p>0.05). Group B exhibited lower serum levels of GSH-PX (p<0.0001) and higher serum levels of MDA (p<0.0001) than Group A at the end of surgery. Twenty-four hours after surgery, Group B exhibited higher serum levels of IL-6 (p=0.0033), TNF-α(p=0.0002), and MDA (p<0.0001) and lower serum levels of GSH-PX (p<0.0001) than Group A. In addition, Group B exhibited lower VAS (p<0.0001) than Group A.ConclusionsDEX administration using an RVM not only provides convenient analgesia and ventilation but also alleviates oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in patients undergoing PELD .Trial registration ChiCTR2100044715(http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx)
Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) in the Preclinical Pharmacokinetic Study of a Highly Prescribed SNRI Drug for Depression and Its Application to Oral Extended Release Solid Dosage Formulations in Rabbits
Authors: Fazli Abdul Aala , Panigrahy Bala Krishna , Kumar Varinder , Raza Syed Naiem , Zarger Bilal Ahmad , Wani Taha Umair , Khuroo Arshad , Khan Nisar Ahmad 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Preclinical pharmacokinetic (pK) studies in animal models during the formulation development phase give preliminary evidence and near clear picture of the pK behavior of drug and/or its dosage forms prior to clinical studies on humans and help in tailoring of the dosage form according to the expected and requisite clinical behavior. The present work reports first of its kind preclinical pK study on oral extended release (ER) solid dosage formulations of venlafaxine (VEN) in New Zealand White rabbits. The VEN is a highly prescribed and one of the safest and most effective therapeutic agents used in the treatment different types of depression disorders worldwide. The LC-MS/MS bioanalytical method developed for this purpose demonstrated enough reliability in simultaneously quantitating VEN and its equipotent metabolite O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV) in rabbit plasma. The method described uses solid phase extraction for sample preparation followed by an ultra-fast LC-MS/MS analysis. The chromatographic separation was achieved isocratically with a predominantly polar mobile phase by employing RPLC. The triple quadrupole LC/MS/MS system operated in MRM mode used an ESI probe as an ion source in positive polarity. The validation results are within the permissible limits of US FDA recommendations and acceptance criteria for bioanalytical method validation.
Exploration of the Species-specific Dna Markers Based on the Complete Chloroplast Genome for Discriminating Curcuma Comosa Roxb. From Curcuma Latifolia Roscoe and Other Related Species
Authors: Wachananawat Bussarin , Kong Bobby Lim‐Ho , Shaw Pang‐Chui , Bongcheewin Bhanubong , Sangvirotjanapat Sunisa , Prombutara Pinidphon , Pornputtapong Natapol , Sukrong Suchada 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Members of the Curcuma genus are among the most commonly used rhizomatous herbs worldwide. There are two species of Curcuma referred to as “Wan Chak Motluk” in Thai, C. comosa Roxb. and C. latifolia Roscoe, and their herbal materials are often confused. C. comosa is widely used as a traditional herbal remedy for its phytoestrogenic activity, but its morphology is highly similar to that of C. latifolia, which contains a compound that causes hepatotoxicity. In this study, the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of these species were determined for the first time using Illumina sequencing. Our results showed that their cp genomes were 162,272 bp (C. comosa) and 162,289 bp (C. latifolia) in length. A total of 133 unique genes were identified, including 87 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes. Comparative analyses with other species of Curcuma indicated high similarity in gene content and structural organization. The analyses also reveal variable hotspots in the genomes at ndhA, trnT-trnL, and ndhC-trnV that can serve as species-specific nucleotide barcodes. Indeed, mislabeling of these two species among samples sold at market was detected using these species-specific markers, indicating that cp genomes can provide more information for better elucidating and improving discriminatory power for species authentication.
Imaging Rhizosphere CO2 and O2 Concentration to Localize Respiration Hotspots Linked to Root Type and Soil Moisture Dynamics
Authors: Bereswill Sarah , Rudolph-Mohr Nicole , Oswald Sascha E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
PurposeRhizosphere respiration strongly affects CO2 concentration within vegetated soils and resulting fluxes to the atmosphere. Respiration in the rhizosphere exhibits high spatiotemporal variability that may be linked to root type, but also to small-scale variation of soil water content altering gas transport dynamics in the soil. We address spatiotemporal dynamics of CO2 and O2 concentration in the rhizosphere via non-invasive in-situ imaging.MethodsOptodes sensitive to CO2 and O2 were applied to non-invasively measure in-situ rhizosphere CO2 and O2 concentration of white lupine (Lupinus albus) grown in slab-shaped glass rhizotrons. We monitored CO2 concentration over the course of 16 days at constant water content and also performed a drying-rewetting experiment to explore sensitivity of CO2 and O2 concentration to soil moisture changes. ResultsHotspots of respiration formed around cluster roots and CO2 concentration locally increased to > 20 % pCO2 (CO2 partial pressure). After rewetting the soil, cluster roots consumed available O2 significantly faster compared to non-cluster lateral roots. In wet soil, CO2 accumulation zones extended up to 9.5 mm from the root surface compared to 0.3-1 mm in dry soil.ConclusionResults from this imaging experiment indicate that respiratory activity differs substantially within the root system of a plant individual and that cluster roots are hotspots of respiration. As rhizosphere CO2 and O2 concentration was strongly sensitive to soil water content and its variation, we recommend monitoring the soil water content prior and during the measurement of rhizosphere respiration.
MiR-1301-3p Inhibits Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition via Targeting RhoA in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zhang Xinxue , Ren Zhangyong , Xu Junming , Chen Qing , Ma Jun , Liu Zhe , Kou Jiantao , Zhao Xin , Lang Ren , He Qiang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Micro(mi)RNAs play an essential role in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in human cancers. This study aimed to uncover the regulatory mechanism of miR-1301-3p on EMT in pancreatic cancer (PC). The miRNA profilings from Gene Expression Omnibus datasets (GSE31568, GSE41372, and GSE32688) demonstrated the downregulation of miR-1301-3p in PC tissues, which was validated with 72 paired PC tissue samples through qRT-PCR detection. The low level of miR-1301-3p was associated with a poor prognosis for PC patients from the PC cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas and the validation cohort. Gene Ontology analyses indicated that the target genes of miR-1301-3p were involved in cell cycle and adherent junction regulation. In vitro assays revealed that miR-1301-3p suppressed the proliferation and migration abilities of PC cells. Western blotting and luciferase reporter assays suggested that miR-1301-3p inhibited RhoA expression by targeting its 3′-untranslated region; RhoA upregulated N-cadherin and vimentin level, however, downregulated E-cadherin level. In conclusion, our study showed that miR-1301-3p could serve as a prognostic biomarker for PC and suppress PC cell malignancy by targeting RhoA induced EMT process.
Functional Connectivity And Regional Homogeneity Alterations In Migraine Patients: A Protocol of Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cui Yu-Ling , Xu Qiang , Li Yu-Ting , Zhang Yang-Ming , Sun Jing-Ting , Li Ze-Yang , Ni Min-Hua , Ma Teng , Yan Lin-Feng , Cui Guang-Bin , Wang Wen , Chen Zhu-Hong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective: There are numerous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies examining the cerebral function of migraine patients using regional homogeneity (ReHo) and functional connectivity (FC) measurements. However, these studies generally report inconsistent conclusions. We will performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of this body of literature, aiming to identify consistent conclusions regarding cerebral functional changes in migraine patients and to describe potential future directions.Methods: Two investigators will independently screen studies published in online databases (i.e., Medline, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science) from the database inception to June 1, 2021. By discussing with a third investigator, any disagreement will be resolved and will attain consensus. A coordinate-based meta-analysis will then be performed with an activation likelihood estimate (ALE) random-effects model.Results: The cerebral FC and ReHo altered regions in migraine patients will be elucidated in this meta-analysis.Conclusion: This study will reveal cerebral functional changes of migraine patients based on current literature to identify consistent conclusions and to describe potential future direction.Registration number: CRD42021257300.