bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Einbezug der Väter in die stationäre Mutter-Kind-Therapie: „Mit Papa geht es besser“
Authors: Müller Jakob Johann , Taubner Svenja 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungHintergrundObwohl Forschungsbefunde auf einen großen väterlichen Einfluss hinweisen, gibt es bislang kaum Interventionsprogramme und wissenschaftliche Studien, die den systematischen Einbezug von Vätern in die stationäre Mutter-Kind-Behandlung zum Gegenstand haben.Ziel der ArbeitDie Studie untersucht, wie sich der Einbezug von Vätern auf das Outcome stationärer Mutter-Kind-Behandlungen bei postpartalen psychischen Störungen auswirkt. In dieser Pilotstudie wird das Programm „Mit Papa geht es besser“ vorgestellt.MethodikFünfzehn Partner/Kindsväter von behandelten Mutter-Kind-Dyaden durchliefen ein strukturiertes Begleitprogramm parallel zur Mutter-Kind-Behandlung („Mit Papa geht es besser“). Die Mütter in Behandlung wurden in einem Prä-post-Design zu ihrer Symptomatik (Symptom-Checklist 90, SCL-90), Mutter-Kind-Bindung (Parental Bonding Questionnaire, PBQ) und Partnerschaftszufriedenheit (Kurzversion des Partnerschaftsfragebogens, PFB-K) befragt. Diese Gruppe wurden mit einer historischen Kontrollgruppe von 30 behandelten Müttern verglichen, die die Behandlung wie bisher („treatment as usual“, TAU) durchliefen. Die Gruppen wurden post hoc mithilfe einer „Inverse-probability-of-treatment-weighting“(IPTW)-Schätzung von Propensity Scores (PS) balanciert.ErgebnisseMütter in allen Versuchsbedingungen profitierten von der stationären Behandlung. Mütter in der Interventionsgruppe wiesen im Hinblick auf die Zielvariablen ein tendenziell verbessertes Outcome auf, insbesondere für die Veränderung der Partnerschaftszufriedenheit, die Unterschiede erreichten aber keine statistische Signifikanz.SchlussfolgerungDie Befunde weisen darauf hin, dass Mütter in stationärer Mutter-Kind-Behandlung vom Einbezug der Väter profitieren könnten. Die Intervention soll nun im Rahmen eines randomisierten kontrollierten Studiendesigns an einer größeren Stichprobe auf ihre Wirksamkeit überprüft werden.
14–3-3 protein regulation of excitation–contraction coupling
Authors: Thompson Walter C. , Goldspink Paul H. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
14–3-3 proteins (14–3-3 s) are a family of highly conserved proteins that regulate many cellular processes in eukaryotes by interacting with a diverse array of client proteins. The 14–3-3 proteins have been implicated in several disease states and previous reviews have condensed the literature with respect to their structure, function, and the regulation of different cellular processes. This review focuses on the growing body of literature exploring the important role 14–3-3 proteins appear to play in regulating the biochemical and biophysical events associated with excitation–contraction coupling (ECC) in muscle. It presents both a timely and unique analysis that seeks to unite studies emphasizing the identification and diversity of 14–3-3 protein function and client protein interactions, as modulators of muscle contraction. It also highlights ideas within these two well-established but intersecting fields that support further investigation with respect to the mechanistic actions of 14–3-3 proteins in the modulation of force generation in muscle.
A qualitative study investigating Australian cancer service outpatients’ experience of distress screening and management: what is the personal relevance, acceptability and improvement opportunities from patient perspectives?
Authors: McCarter Kristen , Carlson Melissa A. , Baker Amanda L. , Paul Chris L. , Lynam James , Johnston Lana N. , Fradgley Elizabeth A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Purpose
People diagnosed with cancer experience high distress levels throughout diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship. Untreated distress is associated with poor outcomes, including worsened quality of life and higher mortality rates. Distress screening facilitates need-based access to supportive care which can optimize patient outcomes. This qualitative interview study explored outpatients’ perceptions of a distress screening process implemented in an Australian cancer center.

Methods
Adult, English-speaking cancer outpatients were approached to participate in face-to-face or phone interviews after being screened by a clinic nurse using the distress thermometer (DT). The piloted semi-structured interview guide explored perceptions of the distress screening and management process, overall well-being, psychosocial support networks, and improvement opportunities for distress processes. Thematic analysis was used.

Results
Four key themes were identified in the 19 interviews conducted. Distress screening was found to be generally acceptable to participants and could be conducted by a variety of health professionals at varied time points. However, some participants found “distress” to be an ambiguous term. Despite many participants experiencing clinical distress (i.e., DT ≥ 4), few actioned referrals; some noted a preference to manage and prevent distress through informal support and well-being activities. Participants’ diverse coping styles, such as positivity, acceptance, and distancing, also factored into the perceived value of screening and referrals.

Conclusion and implications
Screening models only measuring severity of distress may not be sufficient to direct care referrals, as they do not consider patients’ varying coping strategies, external support networks, understanding of distress terminology, and motivations for accessing supportive care services.
Einfluss von Vorschädigung auf das Reibungsverhalten nasslaufender Lamellenkupplungen im Dauerschaltbetrieb
Authors: Schneider Thomas , Völkel Katharina , Pflaum Hermann , Stahl Karsten 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungAusfälle von Lamellenkupplungen müssen aufgrund von sicherheitskritischen Funktionalitäten im Antriebsstrang sicher ausgeschlossen werden. Neben Langzeitveränderungen bei Lamellenkupplungen sind insbesondere Spontanschäden von Relevanz. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit dem Einfluss von Spontanschäden auf das Schaltverhalten im Dauerschaltbetrieb.Zunächst werden gezielt Spontanschäden durch Schaltungen mit hohen Belastungen hervorgerufen. Dazu werden drei Kupplungen in Stufenversuchen mit unterschiedlichen Intensitäten vorgeschädigt, so dass Spontanschäden (lokale Verfärbung, lokale Verdickungen) auftreten. Im zweiten Schritt werden Dauerschaltversuche mit den vorgeschädigten Kupplungspaketen und einer nicht vorgeschädigten Referenzkupplung durchgeführt. Das Reibungsverhalten der Kupplungen während der Dauerschaltversuche wird verglichen und bewertet. Lokale Verfärbungen sind nach dem Dauerschaltversuch in abgeschwächter Form sichtbar. An den Stahllamellen sind weiterhin lokale Verdickungen vorhanden. Im Dauerschaltversuch ist die mittlere Reibungszahl µmit der vorgeschädigten Kupplungspakete tendenziell höher. Darüber hinaus sind drehzahlabhängige Drehmomentschwankung zu beobachten Die Schwankungen sind umso stärker, je stärker die Vorschädigung war.
Validation of the Composite Autonomic Symptom Score 31 in the German language
Authors: Hilz Max-Josef , Wang Ruihao , Singer Wolfgang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The Composite Autonomic Symptom Score 31 (COMPASS 31) is a validated, 31-item self-assessment questionnaire assessing autonomic symptoms in six domains, orthostatic intolerance, vasomotor, secretomotor, gastrointestinal, bladder, and pupillomotor function. So far, there is no validated German COMPASS 31 version. This study aimed at developing and validating a German COMPASS 31.

Methods
Two autonomic experts with command of German and English independently translated the English COMPASS 31 into German. One agreed-upon German version was translated back into English to assure conformity with the original version. Twenty patients with possible autonomic symptoms and 20 age- and gender-matched healthy persons completed the English and German COMPASS 31 in a randomized order with a 4-week interval. To evaluate reliability of the German COMPASS 31, total scores and sub-scores of the domains assessed with the German version were correlated with corresponding scores of the English version using Pearson’s or Spearman’s test. The Cronbach alpha-coefficient evaluated the internal consistency of the questions. Total- and sub-scores of both COMPASS 31 versions were compared between patients and controls by analysis of variance with post-hoc analysis (significance: p < 0.05).

Results
Total scores and sub-scores of the German and English COMPASS 31 correlated significantly (p < 0.001) and closely (correlation coefficients: 0.757–0.934). Cronbach alpha-coefficients were above 0.7 in all domains except for the secretomotor domain. In the German and English COMPASS 31, total scores were significantly higher in patients than controls.

Conclusions
The German COMPASS 31 is reliable, internally consistent, and valid to detect and quantify autonomic symptoms in patients with neurological disorders.
Middle Stone Age Bifacial Technology and Pressure Flaking at the MIS 3 Site of Toumboura III, Eastern Senegal
Authors: Schmid Viola C. , Douze Katja , Tribolo Chantal , Martinez Maria Lorenzo , Rasse Michel , Lespez Laurent , Lebrun Brice , Hérisson David , Ndiaye Matar , Huysecom Eric 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOver the past decade, the increasing wealth of new archaeological data on the Middle Stone Age (MSA) in Senegal and Mali has broadened our understanding of West Africa’s contributions to cultural developments. Within the West African sequence, the phase of Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3, ca. 59-24 ka) yielded so far the best known and extensive archaeological information. The site of Toumboura III encompasses an occupation dated by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) to between 40 ± 3 ka and 30 ± 3 ka. It provides the largest, well-dated, and stratified lithic assemblage in West Africa for the MSA and sheds light on an unprecedented cultural expression for this period, adding to the notable diversity of the late MSA in this region. We conducted a technological analysis of the lithic components following the chaîne opératoire approach. The lithic assemblage features a prevalence of bifacial technology and the exploitation of flakes as blanks for tool production. The craftspeople manufactured distinct types of bifacial tools, including small bifacial points shaped by pressure technique. The new data from Toumboura III demonstrate behavioral patterns that are entirely new in the region. By revealing behavioral innovations and technological particularities, these results on the techno-cultural dynamics during the MIS 3 phase of the MSA enhance our understanding of the complex Pleistocene population history in this part of Africa.
Gaussoids are two-antecedental approximations of Gaussian conditional independence structures
Authors: Boege Tobias 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe gaussoid axioms are conditional independence inference rules which characterize regular Gaussian CI structures over a three-element ground set. It is known that no finite set of inference rules completely describes regular Gaussian CI as the ground set grows. In this article we show that the gaussoid axioms logically imply every inference rule of at most two antecedents which is valid for regular Gaussians over any ground set. The proof is accomplished by exhibiting for each inclusion-minimal gaussoid extension of at most two CI statements a regular Gaussian realization. Moreover we prove that all those gaussoids have rational positive-definite realizations inside everyε-ball around the identity matrix. For the proof we introduce the concept of algebraic Gaussians over arbitrary fields and of positive Gaussians over ordered fields and obtain the same two-antecedental completeness of the gaussoid axioms for algebraic and positive Gaussians over all fields of characteristic zero as a byproduct.
Circulating lipids and breast cancer prognosis in the Malmö diet and cancer study
Authors: Harborg Sixten , Ahern Thomas P. , Feldt Maria , Rosendahl Ann H. , Cronin-Fenton Deirdre , Melander Olle , Borgquist Signe 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Examine the association between circulating lipids and breast cancer outcomes in patients enrolled in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS).

Patients and methods
Circulating lipid levels were measured in blood sampled upon enrollment in the female MDCS cohort (N = 17,035). We identified all MDCS participants with incident invasive breast cancer diagnosed between 1991 and 2014. Follow-up time began at breast cancer diagnosis and continued until the first event of breast cancer recurrence, death, emigration, or 5 years of follow-up. We estimated the incidence rates of recurrence at 5 years and fit Cox regression models to compute crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of breast cancer recurrence as well as all-cause mortality according to cohort-specific tertiles of apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A-1) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B).

Results
We enrolled 850 eligible patients. During the 5 years of follow-up, 90 invasive breast cancer recurrences were diagnosed over 3807 person-years. In multivariable analyses, high baseline levels of Apo B were associated with an increased rate of recurrence (tertile 3 vs. 1, HR = 2.30 [95% CI 1.13–4.68]). However, high baseline levels of Apo B were not associated with all-cause mortality (tertile 3 vs. 1, HR = 1.23 [95% CI 0.68–2.25]). We observed no associations between levels of Apo A-1 and recurrence (tertile 3 vs. 1, HR = 1.34 [95% CI 0.70–2.58]) or all-cause mortality (tertile 3 vs. 1, HR = 1.12 [95% CI 0.61–2.05]).

Conclusion
High pre-diagnostic levels of Apo B were associated with an increased risk of recurrence among breast cancer patients. Circulating Apo A-1 was not associated with breast cancer outcomes.
Capillary hysteresis and gravity segregation in two phase flow through porous media
Authors: Mitra K. , van Duijn C. J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe study the gravity driven flow of two fluid phases in a one dimensional homogeneous porous column when history dependence of the pressure difference between the phases (capillary pressure) is taken into account. In the hyperbolic limit, solutions of such systems satisfy the Buckley-Leverett equation with a non-monotone flux function. However, solutions for the hysteretic case do not converge to the classical solutions in the hyperbolic limit in a wide range of situations. In particular, with Riemann data as initial condition, stationary shocks become possible in addition to classical components such as shocks, rarefaction waves and constant states. We derive an admissibility criterion for the stationary shocks and outline all admissible shocks. Depending on the capillary pressure functions, flux function and the Riemann data, two cases are identified a priori for which the solution consists of a stationary shock. In the first case, the shock remains at the point where the initial condition is discontinuous. In the second case, the solution is frozen in time in at least one semi-infinite half. The predictions are verified using numerical results.
The concept of social dignity as a yardstick to delimit ethical use of robotic assistance in the care of older persons
Authors: Felber Nadine Andrea , Pageau Félix , McLean Athena , Wangmo Tenzin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWith robots being introduced into caregiving, particularly for older persons, various ethical concerns are raised. Among them is the fear of replacing human caregiving. While ethical concepts like well-being, autonomy, and capabilities are often used to discuss these concerns, this paper brings forth the concept of social dignity to further develop guidelines concerning the use of robots in caregiving. By social dignity, we mean that a person’s perceived dignity changes in response to certain interactions and experiences with other persons. In this paper, we will first present the concept of social dignity, and then identify a niche where robots can be used in caregiving in an ethical manner. Specifically, we will argue that, because some activities of daily living are performed in solitude to maintain dignity, a care recipient will usually prefer robotic assistance instead of human assistance for these activities. Secondly, we will describe how other philosophical concepts, which have been commonly used to judge robotic assistance in caregiving for the elderly so far, such as well-being, autonomy, and capabilities, are less useful in determining whether robotic assistance in caregiving is ethically problematic or not. To conclude, we will argue that social dignity offers an advantage to the other concepts, as it allows to ask the most pressing questions in caregiving.
Responsible nudging for social good: new healthcare skills for AI-driven digital personal assistants
Authors: Capasso Marianna , Umbrello Steven 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTraditional medical practices and relationships are changing given the widespread adoption of AI-driven technologies across the various domains of health and healthcare. In many cases, these new technologies are not specific to the field of healthcare. Still, they are existent, ubiquitous, and commercially available systems upskilled to integrate these novel care practices. Given the widespread adoption, coupled with the dramatic changes in practices, new ethical and social issues emerge due to how these systems nudge users into making decisions and changing behaviours. This article discusses how these AI-driven systems pose particular ethical challenges with regards to nudging. To confront these issues, the value sensitive design (VSD) approach is adopted as a principled methodology that designers can adopt to design these systems to avoid harming and contribute to the social good. The AI for Social Good (AI4SG) factors are adopted as the norms constraining maleficence. In contrast, higher-order values specific to AI, such as those from the EU High-Level Expert Group on AI and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, are adopted as the values to be promoted as much as possible in design. The use case of Amazon Alexa's Healthcare Skills is used to illustrate this design approach. It provides an exemplar of how designers and engineers can begin to orientate their design programs of these technologies towards the social good.
Grade retention and school entry age in Spain: a structural problem
Authors: Jerrim John , Lopez-Agudo Luis Alejandro , Marcenaro-Gutierrez Oscar David 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGrade retention has been the focus of the education debate in Spain for decades. On average, more than 30% of students have repeated at least one grade before they finish (or dropout from) their compulsory studies. The present research provides new evidence on this issue by investigating the influence of Spain’s school entry age upon students’ grade retention. Using data from 15-year-old students who participated in the PISA 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015 assessments, we implement a regression discontinuity analysis. Our key finding is that students who were born late in the year (younger students) are more likely to repeat a grade. Yet, once they reach secondary education, the disadvantage they suffer due to their younger school starting age seems to disappear. Hence, the key reason why younger students have lower PISA scores than older students in Spain is due to their increased likelihood of repeating a grade, rather than being due to their relative age per se. To avoid these artificial disadvantages of younger students and unfair retention, we suggest that policymakers inform families about this school entry issue and also make the school entry law more flexible. This would facilitate parents of younger children to choose whether to delay their children’s school enrolment or not.
Gradient Estimates for a Weighted Γ-nonlinear Parabolic Equation Coupled with a Super Perelman-Ricci Flow and Implications
Authors: Taheri Ali 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article studies a nonlinear parabolic equation on a complete weighted manifold where the metric and potential evolve under a super Perelman-Ricci flow. It derives elliptic gradient estimates of local and global types for the positive solutions and exploits some of their implications notably to a general Liouville type theorem, parabolic Harnack inequalities and classes of Hamilton type dimension-free gradient estimates. Some examples and special cases are discussed for illustration.
Coproduction of place and knowledge for ecology with the city
Authors: Pickett Steward T. A. , Cadenasso Mary L. , Rademacher Anne M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEcology with the city is a transdisciplinary pursuit, combining the work of researchers, policy makers, managers, and residents to advance equity and sustainability. This undertaking may be facilitated by understanding the parallels in two kinds of coproduction. First, is how urban systems themselves are places that are jointly constituted or coproduced by biophysical and social processes. Second, is how sustainable planning and policies also join human concerns with biophysical structures and processes. Seeking connections between coproduction of place and the coproduction of knowledge may help improve how urban ecology engages with diverse communities and urban interests in service of sustainability.
DÉPORVIDA: a character strengths positive intervention among young soccer players
Authors: Tomé-Lourido David , Flórez-Domínguez Elkin Andrés , Fraga-García Laura , Salanova Marisa , Sors Fabrizio , Murgia Mauro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn recent years, various intervention programs have been developed to enhance the quality of life of young athletes. This is particularly important for those who live in residences of professional clubs, far from their families. In this regard, we designed a positive psychology intervention program called “DÉPORVIDA”, aimed at enhancing character strengths. To assess the efficacy of this 8-week intervention, we tested 28 young soccer players from a Spanish professional club. The intervention program used a strength-based approach from the values in action (VIA) model, and was conducted by club employees with formal academic education. Data were analysed using a set of 2 × 2 (intervention × time) mixed design ANOVAs. Results revealed different trends for the intervention and the control groups participants for seasonal performance satisfaction and percentage of time feeling happy/unhappy, highlighting consistent changes in the desired direction. Overall, the results indicate that the DÉPORVIDA program is a useful tool to promote positive development in young athletes.
From sustainability to thrivability: A novel framework for entrepreneurial ecosystems
Authors: Moggi Sara , Pierce Paul , Bernardi Nicole 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present research proposes a theoretical framework for a thrivable entrepreneurial ecosystem in which thrivability is a novel entrepreneurship approach that embeds a comprehensive view in which sustainability is ‘the way to walk’ rather than the goal to reach. A thrivable entrepreneurial ecosystem aims to create prosperity through ecosystem resource (re)generation and transformation to define long-term economic goals. The framework is applied here to address the grand challenge of sustainable development in wineries. A local wine ecosystem in Italy is employed as a case study supported by mix-method-based, in-depth data collection (survey and interview). Results from the study support the idea that organizations can collaborate in a thrivable entrepreneurial ecosystem as a unique entity respectful of nature, driving economic viability of both firms and territories by improving quality of life, and caring for natural resources and local communities. This novel entrepreneurial approach may represent a turning point for facing increasingly grand business challenges.