bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between sleep duration and myopia among Chinese school-age students: mediation effect of physical activity
Authors: Feng Haiqing , Gao Yuexia , An Na , Lu Yitong , Huang Jianping , Yang Weiping , Lu Qingyun 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and myopia in school-age students, as well as to observe the role of physical activity as a mediating variable in sleep duration and myopia.MethodsUsing multistage stratified sampling, 26,020 school-age students in Jiangsu Province, ages 7–18, were selected for this cross-sectional survey. Each participant completed a standardized interview in which their were asked about their vision, level of physical activity and average hours of sleep per day over the past month. Visual acuity examinations were conducted by the testing team’s ophthalmology professionals and they were categorized into two groups based on pre-set criteria: myopic and non-myopic. Sleep duration was classified into 3 categories: &lt;8 h/d, 8–10 h/d, &gt;10 h/d. The Pearson’s chi-square tests were used to examine differences in the incidence of myopia among participants. Binary multifactorial logistic regression adjusted for potential confounding variables was used to examine the relationship between myopia and a variety of factors. The mediating effects of physical activity on sleep duration and myopia were analyzed using the AMOS model.ResultsIn this study, the incidence of myopia was higher in females than in males, it also increased with age. Those who slept for &lt;8 h/d had the greatest myopia rate (85.69%) compared with those who slept for≥8 h/d (p &lt; 0.001). Sleep duration was found to be adversely correlated with myopia (sleep duration = 8–10 h/d: OR = 0.68, p &lt; 0.01; sleep duration &gt; 10 h/d: OR = 0.48, p &lt; 0.01) after controlling for potential confounders like gender, age, and BMI-z score (Body Mass Index Score). Physical activity at a high intensity not moderate intensity was found to be protective factor against myopia. High-intensity physical activity also acted as a mediator in the negative association between sleep duration and myopia (a, b, c’ all p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThere is a negative correlation between sleep duration and myopia in school-age students, and that high-intensity physical activity mediates the relationship between sleep duration and myopia.
The job performance and job burnout relationship: a panel data comparison of four groups of academics’ job performance
Authors: Lei Miao , Alam Gazi Mahabubul , Bashir Karima 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesThis present study investigates whether performance can influence job burnout, and it further examines whether there is a meaningful difference in the association between job burnout and job performance in universities. Provided here are applicable strategies aimed at preventing and maximizing job burnout crises before the job is taken and during its execution.MethodologyTo answer the research questions quantitatively, group regression analysis utilizing panel data from 2020 to 2023 was employed. The instruments include the KPI and mental health records to evaluate the level of job performance and job burnout. Likewise, a total of nine universities were purposively and randomly selected, and 1,113 academics were sampled for the study. The KPI scores and frequency of burnout counseling was collected from the human resource department and the medical health centers.FindingsThe results showed that academics’ job burnout is influenced by their job performance (β = −0.014, p &lt; 0.001). Academics’ superior performance was notably linked to lower job burnout and the need for psychological counseling. Furthermore, academics’ job burnout was significantly moderated by psychological counseling (β = −0.006, p &lt; 0.05), and neither did it regulate their job performance.ConclusionAcademics with high performance levels exhibit low levels of burnout. Meanwhile, academics who demonstrate low or poor performance indicate high burnout levels. Psychological counseling can moderate the level of job burnout but does not cure burnout. This study suggests that competency is the basic bedrock for strong performance and less burnout experienced by staff. Consequently, all universities should employ their staff based on assessing their competency and ability to handle stressful situations to prevent job burnout crises from occurring.ImplicationsThis paper makes a contribution to the existing literature on job performance and job burnout by utilizing a distinctive measurement path approach. In this context, universities need to use pre-measurement mechanisms to prevent burnout instead of post-measurement techniques through proactive recruitment strategies based on the popular adage that “prevention is better than cure.”
Analysis of the determinants of alcohol consumption and expenditure in Ecuador: an econometric analysis
Authors: Yajamín-Villamarín Ricardo 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThis study delves into the determinants of alcohol consumption and expenditure in Ecuador, focusing on personal characteristics, education levels, and regional variations. This study aimed to provide nuanced insights into alcohol-related behaviors within the Ecuadorian population.MethodsEmploying probit and Tobit models, the study ensures a robust analytical framework to assess the factors influencing alcohol consumption and expenditure. Data were collected from the 2014 Survey of Living Conditions, spanning urban and rural areas of Ecuador, guaranteeing a diverse population representation. The study includes individuals from random households, totaling 66,418 individuals over 18 years. Employing various measurements, including the use of a probit model for alcohol consumption and a Tobit model for alcohol expenditure, the study considers key variables such as smoking, gender, age, employment status, and regional location, contributing to a detailed understanding of alcohol-related behaviors.ResultsFor female individuals, there is a negative association, decreasing the probability of alcohol consumption by 6.6% (p-value: 0.000). Conversely, being a smoker exhibits a positive association, increasing the likelihood by 10.2% (p-value: 0.000). Regarding alcohol expenditure, being female is linked to a reduction in spending by $0.885 (p-value: 0.000). Being a smoker reveals an increase in spending by $0.914 (p-value: 0.000). Regional variations, education level, and employment status play crucial roles in shaping alcohol-related behaviors.ConclusionThis research provides nuanced insights into the socioeconomic determinants of alcohol-related behaviors in Ecuador. The findings underscore the necessity for targeted public policies, including gender-specific interventions, anti-smoking strategies, and considerations for regional variations.
An umbrella review of physical-activity therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy in reducing fear of falling among community-dwelling older adults: insights on intervention intensity and duration
Authors: Sheng Yuan , Wang Caili , Wang Yan , Pan LunPing , Zhang Mengmeng , Liu Deshan , Gao Wei 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionData about the impact of varying physical-activity therapy (PAT) intensities and the ideal duration of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on older adults is inadequate. In this umbrella review, we seek to comprehensively synthesize and analyze findings from systematic reviews and meta-analyses regarding the optimal PAT intensity for lowering FOF and the duration of CBT interventions for effectively lowering FOF.MethodsThe PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched up to April 2024. AMSTAR 2 was applied to assess the methodological and reporting quality. The quality of evidence for each intervention’s effect was evaluated using GRADE guidelines. A further meta-analysis of the primary studies was conducted to evaluate the effects of PAT intensity and CBT duration.ResultsIn the 18 included studies, 12 were PAT interventions, 3 were multifactorial, and 3 were CBT interventions. The umbrella review found that PAT and CBT interventions can effectively manage FOF. Comparable improvements were reported with low- and moderate-intensity PAT intervention (p &lt; 0.0001); Significant improvements were observed with CBT immediately post-intervention, in the short-term (&lt;6 months), and in the long-term (≥6 months) (p &lt; 0.0001).DiscussionOur study revealed that a comprehensive intervention strategy combining low or moderate PAT with CBT interventions is more effective than isolated approaches, as it addresses the multifaceted nature of fear and fall risk. Future research should continue to track the long-term effects of synergistic interventions to optimize fall prevention strategies for older populations.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero Identifier CRD42024557893.
Level measurement, regional variations, and the dynamic evolution of active aging in China—analysis based on CHARLS tracking data
Authors: Guo Jiru , Zhang Xiaoli , Chen Longyin , Yang Hong 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionGiven the world’s largest and increasingly serious aging population, China has elevated “positively responding to aging of population” to a national strategy. Exploring the current state and evolutionary trends of active aging over the past decade is a fundamental prerequisite and the primary task for implementing this strategy.MethodsBased on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2018), this study primarily employs methods such as the entropy method, Gini coefficient, Moran index, and Kernel density estimation to analyze the development level, regional differences, and dynamic evolution of active aging in China.Results(1) From a general point of view, the overall level of active aging in China has not been high in the past decade, but has shown a rising trend year by year. Older Chinese people exhibit high levels of physical and mental health, but social participation and economic status remain areas of weakness in active aging. (2) Inter-regional differences are the main source of the overall differences in the level of active aging in China. (3) There is a spatial clustering of the active aging level in China, along with a neighborhood effect. (4) The bifurcation phenomenon of active aging in China has intensified over time. While the eastern region exhibits uneven development, the central and western regions have generally had more balanced growth.DiscussionTo improve the level of active aging among older adult individuals in China, policymakers should continuously optimize policies and pay more attention to the economic status and social participation of the older adult. Local governments should not only fully leverage their regional advantages but also interact with other regions to achieve cross-regional joint development.
Physical exercise behavior characteristics and influencing factors for participation in police officers
Authors: Feng Yuliang , Chen Chao , Liu Yang , Li Sen 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to analyze police officers’ exercise participation behavior and influencing factors in order to better promote physical exercise participation and improve the health status of the police force.MethodsPolice officers (n = 3,682) were recruited from 16 district public security substations in a city in eastern China to investigate their physical exercise participation and influencing factors, and logistic regression analysis was used to investigate three aspects: exercise behavior, health cognition, and influencing factors.FindingsThe physical exercise behavior of police officers showed long duration of time, but low frequency and intensity. The exercise programs were diverse but mainly involved running. The exercise motivation was mainly to keep fit and for stress relief. Logistic regression analysis indicated that source of police entry (OR = 1.467, 95% CI: 1.338–1.609), exercise conditions in the workplace (OR = 1.069, 95% CI: 1.051–1.088), exercise conditions near home (OR = 1.123, 95% CI: 1.047–1.205), high volume physical labor during work resulting in little time for exercise (OR = 1.372, 95% CI: 1.038–1.813), lack of organization (OR = 1.415, 95% CI: 1.164–1.720), economic condition constraints (OR = 1.439, 95% CI: 1.114–1.858), and weather restrictions (OR = 2.929, 95% CI: 2.418–3.548) were the main factors influencing police physical exercise behavior.ConclusionVarious influencing factors and the nature of actual police work presented barriers to police officers’ participation in physical exercise. Interventions to increase physical exercise participation would promote the physical health of police officers.
Implementation of a value-based approach for older people who have suffered an acute myocardial infarction: study protocol
Authors: Juraga Denis , Rukavina Tomislav , Marinović Glavić Mihaela , Bilajac Lovorka , Racz Aleksandar , Bally Esmee L. S. , Zanutto Oscar , Alhambra-Borrás Tamara , Ferrando Maite , Subotić Alen , Raat Hein , Vasiljev Vanja 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionDue to the rapid aging of the global population, new approaches are required to improve the quality of life of older people and to reduce healthcare system expenditures. One of the approaches that can be used is value-based healthcare. This article describes a value-based solution for older people who have suffered a myocardial infarction.MethodsThis solution combines the work of healthcare professionals and informal caregivers and the use of modern and user-friendly technologies to support the achievement of patients’ values. Patients older than 65 years who have suffered a myocardial infarction will be divided into control and intervention groups within a pre-post-controlled design research study. Members of the intervention group will be provided with a personalized plan developed by healthcare professionals and based on the results from the baseline questionnaire.DiscussionTwo ValueCare digital solution components will be developed: a mobile application for the participants and a web platform for the professionals, researchers, and informal caregivers. Together with smartwatches, which will track important health aspects, and applications, this approach would enable older people to improve their health through correct lifestyle choices and their professional and informal caregivers to track their progress. With the use of the described technology and the multidisciplinary approach, the unmet needs and values of participants could be achieved. Using this approach, it could be possible to reduce overall healthcare expenses through the active involvement of both older people and their informal caregivers through a shared decision-making process with healthcare professionals.Clinical trial registrationThe ISRCTN registry number is 25089186. The date of trial registration is 16/11/2021.
Burden trends and future predictions for hypertensive heart disease attributable to non-optimal temperatures in the older adults amidst climate change, 1990–2021
Authors: Xu Can , Nie Xinyu , Xu Rui , Han Ge , Wang Dongjin 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundHypertensive heart disease (HHD) is a significant form of end-organ damage caused by hypertension, with profound impacts on global health and quality of life. Temperature anomalies driven by climate change, particularly extremes of heat and cold, are increasingly recognized as major contributors to the cardiovascular disease burden, notably impacting HHD. However, the specific spatiotemporal trends and gender-based differences in the burden of non-optimal temperatures on older adults HHD patients remain insufficiently explored. This study aims to evaluate the regional, gender-specific trends in the burden of HHD attributed to non-optimal temperatures among the older adults from 1990 to 2021, and to project future trends in HHD burden under climate-induced temperature anomalies from 2022 to 2050.MethodsData were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD 2021), which provides estimates of mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) at global, regional, and national levels. Age-standardized rates (ASR) and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) were analyzed. Future burden projections were modeled using age-period-cohort (APC) and Bayesian APC models to assess temperature impact by gender and age differences. Data analysis was conducted using R and STATA, examining the variations in temperature effects by gender and age.ResultsBetween 1990 and 2021, cold-related HHD burden among the older adults significantly exceeded that of heat-related burden. However, heat-related HHD burden demonstrated a marked upward trend, projected to continue rising over the next two decades, particularly in low-income and tropical regions. Gender-specific analysis revealed that cold-related HHD burden was more pronounced in women, while heat-related burden was notably higher in men. Additionally, male heat-related HHD mortality rates have shown a substantial increase over the past 30 years, whereas female rates have exhibited a comparatively modest decline.ConclusionAlthough cold remains the dominant non-optimal temperature factor, rising global temperatures suggest an increasing burden of heat-related HHD among the older adults. Efforts should prioritize strengthening resilience in vulnerable regions and populations, with targeted interventions to mitigate future health risks associated with temperature extremes.
Biodistribution of intravenously delivered PEGylated carbon nanotubes to the rat brain cortex
Authors: Bruch Gisele Eva , Dal Bosco Lidiane , Cordeiro Arthur P. , Cordeiro Marcos F. , Sahoo Sangram K. , Peixoto Carolina , Klosterhoff Marta C. , Romano Luis Alberto , Fantini Cristiano , Santos Adelina P. , Barros Daniela M. 
Published: January 2025

Polyethylene glycol-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT-PEG) have been studied for many biomedical applications because of their unique physicochemical properties. Due to their reduced size and high stability in physiological media, SWCNT-PEG are candidates for crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB), with potential use in treating central nervous system diseases that are currently unresponsive to pharmacological interventions because of the tightly regulated permeability of the BBB. In this study, we investigated the biodistribution of intravenously delivered SWCNT-PEG using Raman spectroscopy, as well as possible toxicological outcomes using morphological, histological, biochemical, and behavioral analyses. SWCNT-PEG were identified in the brain cortex, blood, spleen, and liver of rats. Biochemical and histological analyses did not reveal toxic effects in rats 24 h after SWCNT-PEG injection. Additionally, no behavioral impairments were observed in treated animals subjected to the Morris water maze task. Our preliminary experimental results clearly indicate that SWCNT-PEG were able to cross biological membranes and reach the rat brain cortex parenchyma (but not other brain structures) after systemic administration without the presence of acute toxic effects. The biodistribution of SWCNT-PEG in a specific region of the brain tissue encourages further studies regarding the application of SWCNTs in neuroscience.
Effectiveness of a 5-day adapted swim instruction program for children with disabilities
Authors: Carson Tana B. , Irwin J. Megan , Santiago Perez Tania , Frampton Ivana , Ruby Lisa 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundDrowning is a leading cause of death for children. Some populations of children with disabilities, such as children with autism, experience a health disparity in drowning when compared to peers without disabilities.ObjectiveThis study presents a secondary data analysis of the response to intervention for a 5-day adapted swim instruction program (iCan Swim) for children with disabilities (n = 164 participants) ages 3–18 years.MethodsThis secondary data analysis assessed the effectiveness of the swim intervention on changes in swim skill level from Day 1 to Day 5. Associations between response to intervention (i.e., change score) and participant characteristics were examined using Kendall's tau-b for age and Chi-square for sex and diagnosis. Models were fit using a Poisson regression to examine potential predictors of progress across participants.ResultsSwim skills significantly improved from Day 1 (Md = 1.00, n = 164) to Day 5 (Md = 2.00, n = 164), z = −10.06, p &lt; .001, r = .58). Most participants (61.6%) improved by at least one swim skill level. Age was weakly, yet significantly positively correlated with swim skill level change scores (τb = .154, p = .020) and was a significant predictor of swim skill level change for participants with Down Syndrome [b = .091, S.E. = .0434, p = .036, 95%CI (.006,.176)].ConclusionsWhile this 5-day adapted swim instruction program was effective for most participants in improving swim skills, certain factors may have contributed to slower progression including participant fearfulness or needing more time. Further study of these factors is warranted.
Mid-urethral sling with proper sling tension is an effective treatment for stress urinary incontinence in women after pelvic radiotherapy: a pilot study of case series
Authors: Guan Xing , Wang Fei , Zhang Di , Qiao Peng , Qin Yan , Wang Biao 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundAt present, consensus on the management of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after pelvic radiotherapy is lacking. We aim to assess the clinical effects of mid-urethral sling (MUS) for the treatment of SUI after pelvic radiotherapy in women.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of the clinical database of female with SUI after pelvic radiotherapy from June 2015 to February 2022. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICI-Q-SF) questionnaire, maximum flow rate (Qmax) and postvoid residual (PVR) urine. All patients were reviewed postoperatively in an outpatient clinic.ResultsWe identified 26 patients with mean age of 59.35 ± 7.32 years. All the patients who suffered from SUI had a history of gynaecological malignancies and received pelvic radiotherapy. 21 patients (80.77%, 95% CI: 0.621–0.915) were considered to have successfully improved after surgery, the ICI-Q-SF scores were lower than the pre-operative at 2 weeks, 6 months and 1 year postoperatively (P &lt; 0.01). After 1-year follow-up, none of the patients had mesh erosion.ConclusionSUI following radiotherapy for the treatment of pelvic malignancy can be challenging to manage. MUS is a highly effective and safe option for the treatment of SUI after radiotherapy, additionally, that proper sling tension is the key to the success of the procedure.