bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Os processos mediacionais implicados na aprendizagem de dança clássica de bailarinas cegas e com baixa visão
Authors: Albarrán Patricia Andrea Osandón , Abreu Fabrício Santos Dias de , Silva Daniele Nunes Henrique 
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho, fundamentado na Teoria Histórico-Cultural, tem o objetivo de ampliar as discussões sobre arte e deficiência visual. A ideia é resgatar os sentidos produzidos pelas bailarinas sobre a aprendizagem da dança clássica. O foco principal é explorar as questões relacionadas às especificidades técnicas desenvolvidas pela professora e pelas bailarinas, o que nos leva a compreender melhor a relação estabelecida entre inclusão social, arte e desenvolvimento humano. O percurso metodológico foi delineado por meio da construção de narrativas realizadas a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas durante um ano de pesquisa no campo. Participaram do estudo 8 (oito) bailarinas profissionais na idade de 20-35 anos cegas ou com baixa visão de uma companhia brasileira de dança clássica. A partir do material videogravado e do diário de campo transcrito e analisado, discutiu-se: a) a utilização de instrumentos e novos sentidos do movimento; b) a imaginação e o lúdico como aspectos mediadores da aprendizagem; e c) o papel do outro (professora-aluna e aluna-aluna) na constituição de novos ciclos desenvolvimentais. Os resultados do trabalho indicam a centralidade da linguagem na aquisição da técnica, bem como do uso de instrumentos e de outros recursos, pois a simultaneidade e aglutinação desses diferentes recursos durante o processo de profissionalização foi fundamental para o domínio da técnica. Foi possível concluir que a dança clássica configurou-se para as bailarinas entrevistadas como uma esfera promotora de inclusão social, aprendizagem de um ofício e promoção de novos ciclos desenvolvimentais; uma mudança radical na trajetória de vida delas.
Radiographs of 366 removed limb-lengthening nails reveal differences in bone abnormalities between different nail types
Authors: Iobst Christopher A. , Frost Markus Winther , Rölfing Jan Duedal , Rahbek Ole , Bafor Anirejuoritse , Duncan Molly , Kold Søren 
Published: August 2021

Aims Limb-lengthening nails have largely replaced external fixation in limb-lengthening and reconstructive surgery. However, the adverse events and high prevalence of radiological changes recently noted with the STRYDE lengthening nail have raised concerns about the use of internal lengthening nails. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of radiological bone abnormalities between STRYDE, PRECICE, and FITBONE nails prior to nail removal. Methods This was a retrospective case series from three centres. Patients were included if they had either of the three limb-lengthening nails (STYDE, PRECICE, or FITBONE) removed. Standard orthogonal radiographs immediately prior to nail removal were examined for bone abnormalities at the junction of the telescoping nail parts. Results In total, 306 patients (168 male, 138 female) had 366 limb-lengthening nails removed. The mean time from nail insertion to radiological evaluation was 434 days (36 to 3,015). Overall, 77% of STRYDE nails (20/26) had bone abnormalities at the interface compared with only 2% of FITBONE (4/242) and 1% of PRECICE nails (1/98; p < 0.001). Focal osteolysis in conjunction with periosteal reaction at the telescoping interface was only observed in STRYDE nails. Conclusion Bone abnormalities at the interface of telescoping nail parts were seen in the majority of STRYDE nails, but only very rarely with FITBONE or PRECICE nails. We conclude that the low prevalence of radiological changes at the junctional interface of 242 FITBONE and 98 PRECICE nails at the time of nail removal does not warrant clinical concerns. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(11):1731–1735.
Primary malignant bone tumours of spine and pelvis in children
Authors: Helenius Ilkka J. , Krieg Andreas H. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose Axial malignant bone tumours are rare in children and adolescents, and their prognosis is still relatively poor due to non-specific symptoms, such as back or groin pain, which may result in late hospital presentation. Therefore, it is very important to raise awareness regarding this pathology. Methods We performed a narrative review, including scientific publications published in English. We searched Medline and Google Scholar databases for information on the incidence and prognosis of axial malignant bone tumours in children and adolescents (< 18 years). Outcomes of different surgical management strategies and reconstruction options were assessed. Results The incidence of primary malignant bone tumours before the age of 18 years is approximately five per one million population; around 25% of these tumours are located in the axial skeleton. With a five-year survival rate of 50%, tumours in an axial location (chest cage, spine, pelvis) are associated with a poorer prognosis than tumours in more peripheral locations. En bloc excision with clear margins has been shown to improve local control and overall survival, even though obtaining adequate surgical margins is difficult due to the close location of large neurovascular structures and other major organs. Spinal reconstruction options include instrumented fusion with allograft or expandable cage. Pelvic reconstruction is needed in internal hemipelvectomy, and the options include biological, endoprosthetic reconstructions, hip transposition, arthrodesis or creation of pseudoarthrosis and lumbopelvic instrumentation. Conclusion Early diagnosis, a timely adequate multidisciplinary management, appropriate en bloc excision, and reconstruction improve survival and quality of life in these patients. Level of Evidence V
Biology and technology in the surgical treatment of malignant bone tumours in children and adolescents, with a special note on the very young
Authors: van der Heijden Lizz , Farfalli Germán L. , Balacó Inês , Alves Cristina , Salom Marta , Lamo-Espinosa José M. , San-Julián Mikel , van de Sande Michiel A.J. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose The main challenge in reconstruction after malignant bone tumour resection in young children remains how and when growth-plates can be preserved and which options remain if impossible. Methods We describe different strategies to assure best possible long-term function for young children undergoing resection of malignant bone tumours. Results Different resources are available to treat children with malignant bones tumours: a) preoperative planning simulates scenarios for tumour resection and limb reconstruction, facilitating decision-making for surgical and reconstructive techniques in individual patients; b) allograft reconstruction offers bone-stock preservation for future needs. Most allografts are intact at long-term follow-up, but limb-length inequalities and corrective/revision surgery are common in young patients; c) free vascularized fibula can be used as stand-alone reconstruction, vascularized augmentation of structural allograft or devitalized autograft. Longitudinal growth and joint remodelling potential can be preserved, if transferred with vascularized proximal physis; d) epiphysiolysis before resection with continuous physeal distraction provides safe resection margins and maintains growth-plate and epiphysis; e) 3D printing may facilitate joint salvage by reconstruction with patient-specific instruments. Very short stems can be created for fixation in (epi-)metaphysis, preserving native joints; f) growing endoprosthesis can provide for remaining growth after resection of epi-metaphyseal tumours. At ten-year follow-up, limb survival was 89%, but multiple surgeries are often required; g) rotationplasty and amputation should be considered if limb salvage is impossible and/or would result in decreased function and quality of life. Conclusion Several biological and technological reconstruction options must be merged and used to yield best outcomes when treating young children with malignant bone tumours. Level of Evidence Level V Expert opinion
Diagnosis and staging of malignant bone tumours in children: What is due and what is new?
Authors: Salom Marta , Chiari Catharina , Alessandri Jean Maria Gómez , Willegger Madeleine , Windhager Reinhard , Sanpera Ignacio 
Published: August 2021

Purpose Although malignant bone tumours in children are infrequent, it is important to know how to properly diagnose and stage them, in order to establish an adequate treatment. Methods We present a review of the diagnostic workflow of malignant bone tumours in children, including history and clinical examination, imaging, laboratory tests and biopsy techniques. Moreover, the two most commonly used staging systems are reviewed. Results History, clinical examination and laboratory tests are nonspecific for diagnosing malignant bone tumours in children. Radiographs remain the mainstay for initial diagnosis, with MRI the modality of choice for local assessment and staging. Fluorine-18 labelled fluoro-deoxy-glucose-positron emission tomography scans provide a noninvasive method to assess the aggressiveness of the tumour and to rule out metastasis and is replacing the use of the bone scintigraphy. Biopsy must be always performed under the direction of the surgeon who is to perform the surgical treatment and after all diagnostic evaluation has been done. Staging systems are useful to study the extent of the tumour and its prognosis. They are expected to evolve as we better understand new molecular and genetic findings. Conclusion When a malignant bone tumour is suspected in a child, it is essential to make a correct diagnosis and referral to an experienced centre. Following an appropriate workflow for diagnosis and staging facilitates, prompt access to treatment improves outcomes. Level of Evidence Level V Expert opinion
Comment exploiter les 'corpus-surprise' ?
Authors: Rittaud-Hutinet Chantal 
Published: August 2021

To what extent non-recorded oral corpora may constitute objects of analysis of pragmatic meaning?
These corpora are heard by chance: on the radio, on television, in the street, a shop, a means of transport or generally in any conversational interaction in which the linguist participates, but had not previously planned to record for his research. The problem of the use of these corpora in linguistics is all the more crucial since the aim, in phonopragmatics, is to discover the functions and significations of their phonic part. I shall attempt to answer the following questions:
–	The accuracy of the transcription with respect to the original. To what extent can we ignore our own phonological code, our regional variants, mastered/partly known styles of speech?
–	The reliability of the oral reproduction carried out by the linguist – for example, during a talk at a conference. What is his capacity for deferred mimicry?
–	The relation between a significant discrepancy and the elocutionary habits of the speaker.
–	The relation between the comprehension of the external auditors and the effect produced on the 'real' person addressed.
Considering that transparency is (sometimes? often?) an illusion, I shall also examine what precautions should be taken so that these corpora offer guarantees as to the veracity.
630-nm red InGaN micro-light-emitting diodes (<20  μm × 20  μm) exceeding 1  mW/mm2 for full-color micro-displays
Authors: Zhuang Zhe , Iida Daisuke , Velazquez-Rizo Martin , Ohkawa Kazuhiro 
Published: August 2021

We demonstrated

10
×
10

arrays of InGaN

17

μm
×
17

μm

micro-light-emitting diodes (μLEDs) with a peak wavelength from 662 to 630 nm at

10
–
50

A
/

cm

2

. The on-wafer external quantum efficiency reached 0.18% at

50

A
/
cm

2

. The output power density of the red μLEDs was obtained as

1.76

mW
/
mm

2

, which was estimated to be higher than that of

20

μm
×
20

μm

AlInGaP red μLEDs (

∼
630

nm

). Finally, we demonstrate that InGaN red/green/blue μLEDs could exhibit a wide color gamut covering 81.3% and 79.1% of the Rec. 2020 color space in CIE 1931 and 1976 diagrams, respectively.
Accuracy of an experimental whole-blood test for detecting reactivation of echinococcal cysts
Authors: Petrone Linda , Tamarozzi Francesca , Vola Ambra , Gomez Morales Maria Angeles , Ludovisi Alessandra , Najafi Fard Saeid , Mariconti Mara , Brunetti Enrico , Goletti Delia 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundCystic echinococcosis (CE) is a complex disease for which clear understanding of clinical manifestations is needed to avoid misdiagnosis, inappropriate treatment, and severe complications. We evaluated the accuracy of a whole-blood stimulation test based on Interleukin (IL)-4 detection in response to Antigen B (AgB) ofEchinococcus granulosus sensu latoto discriminate cyst viability and detect cyst reactivation in patients with hepatic CE.Methodology/Principal findingsThirty patients with CE3b cysts and 37 patients with spontaneously-inactivated CE4-CE5 cysts were recruited (T0). After enrollment, 5 patients with CE3b cysts received albendazole, resulting in cyst solidification (CE4) in 4/5. Within a two-year follow-up, the whole-blood test was repeated at two time-points, in ≥14 (T1) and in ≥4 (T2) patients per group. IL-4 and a panel of other soluble factors were measured in the stimulated plasma.Baseline IL-4 levels were significantly higher in patients with CE3b compared to those with CE4 cysts (p = 0.006). Test accuracy for CE3b diagnosis had a sensitivity of 33–60% and a specificity of 76–95%, depending on the cut-off applied. Overall, IL-4 levels did not change significantly over time in either group; however, patients within the CE3b group showed a significant decrease of IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-8, G-CSF, IFN-γ, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1α, FGF at T1 compared to T0 (p≤0.042).Conclusions/SignificanceWhole-blood IL-4-response to AgB is significantly higher in patients with active compared to inactive CE but apparently not modulated over time after treatment. On the contrary, the levels of IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-8, G-CSF, IFN-γ, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1α, FGF significantly decreased in active CE during follow-up. Additional studies are needed to understand whether these findings might have a clinical significance for patients’ follow-up.
Variation between hospital caesarean delivery rates when Robson’s classification is considered: An observational study from a French perinatal network
Authors: Quibel Thibaud , Rozenberg Patrick , Bouyer Camille , Bouyer Jean 
Published: August 2021

Introduction
WHO has recommended using Robson’s Ten Group Classification System (TGCS) to monitor and analyze CD rates. Its failure to take some maternal and organizational factors into account, however, could limit the interpretation of CD rate comparisons, because it may contribute to variations in hospital CD rates.

Objective
To study the contribution of maternal socioeconomic and clinical characteristics and hospital organizational factors to the variation in CD rates when using Robson’s ten-group classification system for CD rate comparisons.

Methods
This prospective, observational, population-based study included all deliveries at a gestational age > 24 weeks at the 10 hospitals of the French MYPA perinatal network in the Paris area. CD rates were calculated for each TGCS group in each hospital. Interhospital variations in these rates were investigated with hierarchical logistic regression models to quantify the variation explained by differences in patient and hospital characteristics when the TGCS is considered. Variations in CD rates between hospitals were estimated with median odds ratios (MOR) to express interhospital variance on the standard odds ratio scale. The percentage of variation explained by TGCS and maternal and hospital characteristics was also calculated.

Results
The global CD rate was 24.0% (interhospital range: 17–32%). CD rates within each TGCS group differed significantly between hospitals (P<0.001). CD was significantly associated with maternal age (>40 years), severe preeclampsia, and two organizational factors: hospital status (private maternities) and the deliveries per staff member per 24 hours. The MOR in the empty model was 1.27 and did not change after taking the TGCS into account. Adding maternal characteristics and hospital organizational factors lowered the MOR to 1.14 and reduced the variation between hospital CD rates by 70%.

Conclusion
Maternal characteristics and hospital factors are needed to address variation in CD rates among the TGCS groups. Therefore, comparisons of these rates that do not consider these factors should be interpreted carefully.
The single-leg heel raise does not predict maximal plantar flexion strength in healthy males and females
Authors: Sara Lauren K. , Gutsch Savannah B. , Hunter Sandra K. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction
The single-leg heel raise test (SLHR) is commonly used in clinical settings to approximate plantar flexor strength, yet this is neither validated nor supported physiologically. The purposes of this study were to: determine (1) associations between SLHR repetitions, maximal plantar flexor strength, and reductions in strength; and (2) whether sex differences exist in performance of the SLHR.

Methods
Twenty-eight young, healthy participants (14 males,14 females, 19–30 years) performed repeated single-leg heel raises to task failure. Pre- and post-task measures included maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC), and voluntary activation and contractile properties of the plantar flexor muscles, assessed using peripheral electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve. Surface electromyography was recorded for the medial and lateral gastrocnemius, soleus, and anterior tibialis muscles.

Results
The SLHR resulted in 20.5% reductions in MVIC torque (p<0.001). However, the number of SLHR repetitions was not correlated with either the baseline MVIC (maximal strength; p = 0.979) or the reduction in MVIC following the SLHR (p = 0.23). There were no sex differences in either the number of SLHR repetitions (p = 0.14), baseline MVIC torque (p = 0.198), or the reduction of MVIC (p = 0.14). MVIC decline was positively associated with the reduction in voluntary activation (r = 0.841, p<0.001), but was not associated with the change in twitch amplitude (p = 0.597).

Conclusions
The SLHR was similar in young males and females yet was a poor predictor of maximal plantar flexor strength but evaluates performance fatigability of the lower extremity specific to dynamic contractions. The reduction in maximal strength at task failure was explained by reduced neural drive to the plantar flexor muscles in both males and females.

Impact statement
SLHR performance is not a clinical assessment of plantar flexor strength but assesses dynamic lower extremity fatigability that is similar in males and females. Alternate clinical measures for maximal plantar flexion strength need to be developed.
High risk of burnout in medical students in Serbia, by gender: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ilic Irena , Zivanovic Macuzic Ivana , Kocic Sanja , Ilic Milena 
Published: August 2021

Introduction
Burnout syndrome is common among medical students, but findings about the gender differences in burnout are not consistent. The aim of this study was to assess high risk of burnout syndrome among medical students at one University in Serbia, by gender.

Method
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac in 2014. The Maslach Burnout Inventory—Student Survey was used for assessment of burnout level. A questionnaire on basic socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, marital status, habits, etc.) and academic performance (year of study, cumulative total average grade, length of study, housing, study financing, etc.) was used. The study included a total of 760 medical students (760/836 medical students; participation rate: 90.9%). Logistic regression analysis was used to determine odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

Results
Significant gender differences were detected in prevalence of high risk of burnout syndrome (male students– 19.0% vs. female students– 12.8%, p = 0.024). A significant independent predictor of high risk for burnout syndrome in male medical students was study year (p for trend = 0.011), while in female medical students–study year (p for trend = 0.002) and use of sedatives (adjusted OR = 5.74, 95% CI = 1.96–16.77, p = 0.001).

Conclusion
Our results indicate the need to assess the risk of burnout syndrome at the very beginning of medical studies, in order to more effectively control the modifiable risk factors.
Primary kidney disease modifies the effect of comorbidities on kidney replacement therapy patients’ survival
Authors: Helve Jaakko , Haapio Mikko , Groop Per-Henrik , Finne Patrik 
Published: August 2021

Background
Comorbidities are associated with increased mortality among patients receiving long-term kidney replacement therapy (KRT). However, it is not known whether primary kidney disease modifies the effect of comorbidities on KRT patients’ survival.

Methods
An incident cohort of all patients (n = 8696) entering chronic KRT in Finland in 2000–2017 was followed until death or end of 2017. All data were obtained from the Finnish Registry for Kidney Diseases. Information on comorbidities (coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, malignancy, obesity, underweight, and hypertension) was collected at the start of KRT. The main outcome measure was relative risk of death according to comorbidities analyzed in six groups of primary kidney disease: type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes, glomerulonephritis (GN), polycystic kidney disease (PKD), nephrosclerosis, and other or unknown diagnoses. Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression were used for survival analyses.

Results
In the multivariable model, heart failure increased the risk of death threefold among PKD and GN patients, whereas in patients with other kidney diagnoses the increased risk was less than twofold. Obesity was associated with worse survival only among GN patients. Presence of three or more comorbidities increased the age- and sex-adjusted relative risk of death 4.5-fold in GN and PKD patients, but the increase was only 2.5-fold in patients in other diagnosis groups.

Conclusions
Primary kidney disease should be considered when assessing the effect of comorbidities on survival of KRT patients as it varies significantly according to type of primary kidney disease.
Use of the imazapic herbicide applied alone or tank mix with imazapyr as growth regulator of lawns
Authors: Fagundes Marques Ricardo , Roberto de Marchi Sidnei , Martins Dagoberto 
Published: August 2021

Successive mowing are the major maintenance costs of lawns. Thus, both the expenditure with mowing and the visual and physiological aspect of the lawn have led to the search for alternatives to mechanical management. Thus, this work aimed to study the effects of different rates of imazapic herbicide applied alone or combined with imazapyr as a growth regulator of Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) and St. Augustine grass (Stenotaphrum secundatum). The experimental design was a randomized block with four replicates, and the treatments consisted of six rates of imazapic herbicide (35; 70; 105; 140; 175 and 210 g a.i. ha-1) for both species, three rates of imazapic + imazapyr in tank mix (15.57 + 5.25; 23.625 + 7.875; 32.5 + 10.5 g a.i. ha-1) for Bahiagrass and four rates of imazapic + imazapyr mixture (7.875 + 2.625; 15.57 + 5.25; 23.625 + 7.875; 32.5 + 10.5 g a.i. ha-1) for St. Augustine grass. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by observing visible injury symptoms, canopy height, height and number of inflorescences and total dry matter of clippings. Applications of imazapic alone or combined with imazapyr were effective in reducing plant height, number and height of inflorescences and total amount of dry matter of clippings produced by Bahiagrass plants. Imazapic provided satisfactory control of St. Augustine growth, but its utilization caused an increase in the number of inflorescences present in the lawns.