bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The outstanding rooting1 mutation gene maintains shoot growth and grain yield through promoting root development in rice under water deficit field environments
Authors: Hasegawa Tomomi , Wainaina Cornelius Mbathi , Shibata Akihide , Lucob‐Agustin Nonawin , Makihara Daigo , Kikuta Mayumi , Menge Daniel Makori , Gichuhi Emily Waringa , Samejima Hiroaki , Kano‐Nakata Mana , Kimani John Munji , Musila Ruth Nzisa , Yamauchi Akira , Inukai Yoshiaki 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDrought is one of the most serious constraints to rice cultivation, even under alternate wetting and drying (AWD), which is a water‐saving management practice. In rice, enhanced root development is essential for stable shoot growth, adaptability and productivity under water deficit environments. We identified and characterized outstanding rooting1 (our1) rice mutant using hydroponics. The present study sought to examine morphological root traits of the our1 mutant and the role of the mutation gene in shoot growth and yield under AWD. Thus, we evaluated the growth performance of the our1 rice mutant in pot experiments and under field AWD conditions in Kenya. The experiments were conducted with our1 mutant, its wild type and their progenies under both AWD and continuously waterlogged (CWL) conditions. The our1 mutant possessed a well‐developed root system and exhibited particularly enhanced thin root development, which was maintained from the early vegetative stage through the reproductive stage under both pot and field AWD management. This enhanced root development promoted shoot growth through increased water uptake during rewatered conditions between drought periods in AWD. In addition, the our1 mutant showed enhanced shoot growth during the reproductive stage, resulting in the maintenance of yield under AWD fields. Genotypes harbouring our1 mutation gene showed higher yields compared to wild‐type genotypes which was attributed to their higher photosynthetic ability as a result of enhanced root activity. These results suggest the important role of a well‐developed root system architecture and enhanced root function in stabilizing rice yields under water‐limited environments. Our findings indicate that the our1 mutation gene can serve as a novel breeding material to mitigate the impact of transient drought stress on yield under AWD.
Broadband excited Na3Tb(PO4)2:Ce3+/Eu2+ green/yellow‐emitting phosphors with high color purity for LED‐based application
Authors: Huang Shuai , Yu Lixin , Peng Kangliang , Zhao Youjun , Wang Jindi , Shang Mengmeng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTo enhance the display quality of light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), it is of great significance to exploit green/yellow‐emitting phosphors with narrow emission band, high quantum yield, and excellent color purity to satisfy the application. Herein, orthophosphate‐based green/yellow‐emitting Na3Tb(PO4)2:Ce3+/Eu2+ (NTPO:Ce3+/Eu2+) phosphors have been successfully synthesized by a facile solid‐state reaction method. The absorption band of NTPO samples was extended to the near‐ultraviolet region and the absorption efficiency was significantly improved owing to a highly efficient energy transfer from Ce3+/Eu2+ ion to Tb3+ ion in NTPO host certified by time‐resolved PL spectra. Upon 300 nm excitation, the NTPO:Ce3+ is characterized by ultra‐narrow‐band green emission of Tb3+ with an absolute quantum yield of 94.5%. Unexpectedly, NTPO:Eu2+ emits bright yellow light with a color purity of 73% as a result of the blending of green light emission from Tb3+ and red light emission from Eu3+. The thermal stability has been improved by controlling the stoichiometric ratio of Na+. The prototype white LED used yellow‐emitting NTPO:Eu2+ phosphor has higher color‐rendering index (Ra = 83.5), lower correlated color temperature (CCT = 5206 K), and closer CIE color coordinates (0.338, 0.3187) to the standard white point at (0.333, 0.333) than that used green‐emitting NTPO:Ce3+ phosphor, indicating the addition of the yellow light component improved the Ra of the trichromatic (RGB) materials.
Pore structure characteristics of MgO–SiO2binder
Authors: Shah Vineet , Dhandapani Yuvaraj , Scott Allan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper reports on an investigation into the pore structure characteristics of MgO–SiO2binders. Paste specimens were prepared using two MgO/SiO2ratios (1 and 1.5), two silica sources (Silica fume‐SF and Metakaolin‐MK), two water to binder ratios (0.5 and 0.6) and compared to a portland cement (PC) control mix. Mercury intrusion porosimetry was used to understand the evolution of pore structural features of the binder with hydration period. A continued reduction in porosity and refinement of pores was observed with the progress in hydration irrespective of the type of the silica source or the initial MgO/SiO2ratio. The MgO–MK mixes exhibited a finer and denser microstructure as compared to the equivalent MgO–SF mixes. The formation of hydrotalcite in addition to M‐S‐H in MgO–MK mixes was postulated to be the primary reason for the difference in microstructural characteristics, compared to MgO–SF mixes. The space‐filling capacity of hydration products of MgO–MK binder was found to be better than PC.
Enhanced aging behaviors and electric thermal stabilities in 0.75BiFeO3–0.25BaTiO3 piezoceramics by Mn modifications
Authors: Guo Jian , Chen Jianguo , Cheng Jinrong , Tan Qi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLead‐free 0.75BiFeO3–0.25BaTiO3 (0.75BF–0.25BT) ceramics have been extensively studied because of their high Curie temperature. The aging behavior and thermal stability of piezoceramics play decisive roles in their device applications. In this work, effects of Mn doping on the phase structure, aging behavior, and thermal stability of 0.75BF–0.25BT ceramics were characterized and related mechanisms were investigated. With the increase in Mn content, the typical rhombohedral phase of 0.75BF–0.25BT ceramics changed to the coexistence of pseudo‐cubic and rhombohedral phases. Mn modification enhanced the aging behavior and thermal stability of ceramics obviously. The aging rates of d33 and kp for 0.75BF‐0.25BT ceramics with 1.0 mol% Mn are 1.3% and 1.1%, respectively, which are only 1/4 those values for the undoped ceramics. The variation of εr of 0.75BF‐0.25BT ceramics with 1.0 mol% Mn is half of undoped ceramics under 500℃. The depoling temperature of 0.75BF‐0.25BT ceramics with 1.0 mol% Mn was 450℃, which is about 200℃ higher than that of undoped ceramics. The enhanced aging behavior results from the decreased defect concentrations, and the better thermal stability is owing to the significantly improved poling state due to the enhanced resistivity, large grain size, and decreased crystal distortion by Mn modification. These results reflect that a proper amount of Mn doping is an effective way to enhance the aging behavior and electric thermal stability.
Analytical solutions of moisture‐chloride ion coupled transport in unsaturated concrete
Authors: Wang Yao , Bai Yu , Xi Yunping 
Published: June 2021

AbstractStudies of chloride‐induced corrosion in reinforced concrete structures are performed based on the reliable predictions of chloride and moisture distributions in concrete. This paper adopted the Laplace Transformation and the inverse Laplace Transformation to obtain the analytical solutions of the moisture‐chloride two‐way coupled transport processes. Additionally, the model has involved with realistic material parameters to predict the internal distributions of relative humidity and free chloride ions in concrete samples. To illustrate the accuracy of the present model, the calculations were compared with the available experimental results, and good agreements were obtained. It indicates that the present analytical model can successfully characterize the two‐way coupling effects between chloride transport and moisture diffusion in concrete; and the model can provide the distribution profiles of both chloride and relative humidity in concrete, which are useful for predicting the service life of reinforced concrete structures.
Inventory of assessment practices in people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities in three European countries
Authors: Wessels Marleen D. , van der Putten Annette A. J. , Paap Muirne C. S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundKnowledge about the quality of assessment methods used in the support of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) is scarce. This study aimed to provide an overview of the assessment methods used in practice and to examine whether these instruments were studied for their psychometric properties for people with PIMD.MethodProfessionals (N = 148) from three European countries completed a survey on assessment practices. We performed a literature search to find information about the psychometric properties of the instruments that were identified in the survey.ResultsOf the participants, 78.1% used assessments that were not developed for people with PIMD. Documentation on psychometric properties was found for 8 out of 116 instruments.ConclusionsMost of the instruments in use were not designed for people with PIMD, and information about their quality is lacking. Guidelines are needed regarding the use and development of assessment methods for people with PIMD.
The pandemic semesters: Examining public opinion regarding online learning amidst COVID‐19
Authors: Asare Andy Ohemeng , Yap Robin , Truong Ngoc , Sarpong Eric Ohemeng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe current educational disruption caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic has fuelled a plethora of investments and the use of educational technologies for Emergency Remote Learning (ERL). Despite the significance of online learning for ERL across most educational institutions, there are wide mixed perceptions about online learning during this pandemic. This study, therefore, aims at examining public perception about online learning for ERL during COVID‐19. The study sample included 31,009 English language Tweets extracted and cleaned using Twitter API, Python libraries and NVivo, from 10 March 2020 to 25 July 2020, using keywords: COVID‐19, Corona, e‐learning, online learning, distance learning. Collected tweets were analysed using word frequencies of unigrams and bigrams, sentiment analysis, topic modelling, and sentiment labeling, cluster, and trend analysis. The results identified more positive and negative sentiments within the dataset and identified topics. Further, the identified topics which are learning support, COVID‐19, online learning, schools, distance learning, e‐learning, students, and education were clustered among each other. The number of daily COVID‐19 related cases had a weak linear relationship with the number of online learning tweets due to the low number of tweets during the vacation period from April to June 2020. The number of tweets increased during the early weeks of July 2020 as a result of the increasing number of mixed reactions to the reopening of schools. The study findings and recommendations underscore the need for educational systems, government agencies, and other stakeholders to practically implement online learning measures and strategies for ERL in the quest of reopening of schools.
Prognostic value of nocturnal blood pressure dipping on cardiovascular outcomes in Chinese patients with hypertension in primary care
Authors: Lo Ling , Hung Sandra W. S. , Chan Sara S. W. , Mak Chui‐Ling , Chan Pang‐Fai , Chao David V. K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMeta‐analyses showed that non‐dipping of nocturnal blood pressure on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was associated with adverse cardiovascular prognosis. However, these prognostic studies were mainly conducted in Caucasian and Japanese populations. Whether this association applies to Chinese patients remained uninvestigated. A total of 1199 Chinese patients with hypertension undergoing ABPM between January 2012 and December 2014 were recruited retrospectively from five public hypertension referral clinics in Hong Kong. Patients were followed up for a mean 6.42 years for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and all‐cause mortality. Time to event of different dipping patterns was compared by Kaplan‐Meier curves. Hazard ratios (HR) were obtained by Cox proportional hazard models with patient demographics and confounding factors adjusted in multivariate regression. A total of 163 end point events occurred in the period. Normal dipping was observed in 446 patients (37.2%), non‐dipping in 490 (40.9%), reverse dipping in 161 (13.4%), and extreme dipping in 102 (8.5%). Kaplan‐Meier analyses showed inferior survival in non‐dippers and reverse dippers for total cardiovascular events and coronary events but not cerebrovascular events. After adjusting for confounding factors, Cox regressions showed HRs 1.166 (CI 0.770‐1.764) and 1.173 (CI 0.681‐2.021) in non‐dippers and reverse dippers for total cardiovascular events, and HRs 1.320 (CI 0.814‐2.141) and 1.476 (CI 0.783‐2.784) for coronary events. Nocturnal blood pressure non‐dipping, and to a greater extent reverse dipping, demonstrated adverse cardiovascular prognosis in a cohort of Chinese patients with hypertension in Hong Kong. Further focused studies on cerebrovascular events and reverse dippers were warranted to refine risk stratification.
Thermography for performance evaluation of a compact, air disperser equipped hot air dryer
Authors: Sabat Mousumi , Kotwaliwale Nachiket , Giri Saroj K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA hot air dryer has been developed for achieving uniform temperature distribution throughout the drying trays with the use of an air disperser. Comparative experiments were conducted with and without the use of the disperser. Then, 1 mm thick potato slices were dried at 50, 55, and 60°C and 1.5 m/s air velocity at different locales of the tray. Validation of drying rate uniformity was done by studying the temperature distribution on the drying tray using thermal imaging and measuring the chromatic, textural, and morphological properties of dried potato slices. Without the air disperser, the average temperature and average initial drying rate measured after 30 min at five different points on the bottom tray varied from 42.5 to 52.2°C and 0.086 to 0.185 g water/min, respectively, whereas the variation was only in the range of 49.0–49.6°C and 0.182 and 0.206 g water/min when the air disperser was used at a set dryer temperature of 50°C. Similarly, drying rates at all the positions in different trays were observed to be in close proximity throughout the drying period with the presence of air disperser; however, without it, the drying rate was found to be higher at the center of the tray than other four points. Similar observations were also made for all the qualitative parameters of potato slices at all drying temperatures.Practical ApplicationsThe dryer has provision for placement of different types of imaging devices and sensors for online monitoring of process parameters and the product being dried. It has been designed for nondestructive study of the drying progression using machine vision system. Such a dryer will be especially useful for controlled drying experiments and laboratory simulation of different hot air drying processes.
Measuring fundamental care using complexity science: A descriptive case study of a methodological innovation
Authors: Conroy Tiffany , Pinero de Plaza Maria Alejandra , Mudd Alexandra , Mitchell Merle , Kitson Alison 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesThis paper presents an exploratory account of an innovative methodology to record and evaluate fundamental care. Fundamental care is defined as the care required by everyone for survival, health and welfare.BackgroundFundamental care has been informed by the development and testing of the Fundamentals of Care Framework, which describes how fundamental care is complex and multidimensional, and consists of three interrelated dimensions and 38 elements. This accords with a broader re‐examination of care provision as part of a complex adaptive system in which existing linear models of cause and effect are inadequate to describe the totality of activity.DesignInformed by graph theory and complexity science, this paper presents a novel methodological innovation. It uses the Fundamentals of Care Framework to create a Matrix to quantify the relationships between different elements within the Framework.MethodsWe use a Matrix methodology to process care recipient narratives to generate three outputs: a heat map, a summary table and a network analysis.ConclusionsThe three outputs serve to quantify and evaluate fundamental care in a multidimensional manner. They capture different perspectives (care recipients and their families, direct care providers and care managers) to improve care outcomes. The future aim is to advance this exploration into digitalising and operationalising the Matrix in a user‐friendly manner for it to become a real‐time mechanism to evaluate and potentially predict patterns of fundamental care.
A meta‐analysis of neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Luo Hongqiang , Li Dan , Gao Feidan , Hong Pan , Feng Weiying 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimThrombocytopenia is an autoimmune disorder characterized by reduced platelet counts. Neonatal thrombocytopenia incidence has been linked with immune thrombocytopenic purpura in mothers during pregnancy, possibly because antiplatelet antibodies can cross the placental barrier. To date, no study has attempted to evaluate the actual prevalence of neonatal thrombocytopenia in infants born to mothers with immune thrombocytopenic purpura. In this meta‐analysis of the available literature, we attempt to fill this gap. We want to evaluate the overall prevalence of neonatal thrombocytopenia, its severity, and the incidence of hemorrhage in infants with thrombocytopenia born from mothers with immune thrombocytopenic purpura.MethodsAdhering to PRISMA guidelines, we systematically scanned four academic databases including EMBASE, CENTRAL, Scopus, and MEDLINE to identify relevant literature. We performed a meta‐analysis to summarize thrombocytopenia incidence rate and severity in newborn infants of mothers with immune thrombocytopenic purpura.ResultsWe identified 21 eligible studies involving 1951 mothers and 1844 neonates. Meta‐analysis showed high prevalence for neonatal thrombocytopenia (24%). Within these, severe cases were the most prevalent (41.2%), followed by moderate (37.7%) and mild (17.6%) cases. Hemorrhage was only reported in 4.1% of the observed neonatal thrombocytopenia cases.ConclusionThis review provides preliminary evidence that neonatal thrombocytopenia incidence is high in infants born to mothers with immune thrombocytopenic purpura. This study further reports that the largest proportion of these cases are severe.
Case of adenomyosis causing the activation of the coagulation system after a complete loss of endometrium following microwave endometrial ablation
Authors: Kimura Fuminori , Hanada Tetsuro , Nakamura Akiko , Amano Tsukuru , Tsuji Shunichiro , Kita Nobuyuki , Murakami Takashi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe formation of microbleed and minute tissue necrosis inside adenomyosis after the shedding of endometrial or endometrial‐like tissue within the myometrium during menstruation is receiving attention as a new pathological condition of uterine adenomyosis. These formations might greatly affect coagulation and fibrinolysis function. However, these modulations might occur due to indirect effects of massive hemorrhage from the uterus with adenomyosis. We present a case of adenomyosis in which the patient's coagulation system was markedly activated despite the absence of menstruation due to previous microwave endometrial ablation to prevent massive uterine hemorrhage. Although no uterine bleeding was observed at all, the patient's serum levels of thrombin–antithrombin complex and soluble fibrin were abnormally elevated at the time when she complained of lower abdominal pain. As the first such case in the world, the present case is valuable for showing that the coagulation function can be modified by uterine adenomyosis.
The relation between fibrinogen level, neutrophil activity and nucleosomes in the onset of disseminated intravascular coagulation in the critically ill
Authors: Müller Marcella C.A. , Dujardin Romein W.G. , Thachil Jecko , van Mierlo Gerard , Zeerleder Sacha S. , Juffermans Nicole P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundNucleosomes and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are important in the pathophysiology of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Fibrinogen, as an acute phase reactant, may be protective by engaging neutrophils. We hypothesize that DIC can occur when NET formation becomes uncontrolled in relation to low fibrinogen levels.Patients/methodThe ratio of both circulating nucleosomes and human neutrophil elastase alpha‐1‐antitrypsine complexes (HNE‐a1ATc) to fibrinogen was correlated to thrombocytopenia, DIC and organ failure in 64 critically ill coagulopathic patients.ResultsA high nucleosome to fibrinogen ratio correlated with thrombocytopenia and organ failure (ρ −0.391, p 0.01 and ρ 0.556, p 0.01, respectively). A high HNE‐a1ATc to fibrinogen ratio correlated with thrombocytopenia, DIC and organ failure (ρ −0.418, p 0.01, ρ 0.391, p 0.01 and ρ 0.477, p 0.01 respectively).ConclusionThese findings support the hypothesis that fibrinogen is protective against DIC by counterbalancing excessive neutrophil activation.
School readiness screening and educational achievement at 9–10 years of age
Authors: Shah Rajesh , Brown Gavin T L , Keegan Peter , Harding Jane E , McKinlay Christopher J D ,   CHYLD Study Group
Published: June 2021

AimTo determine whether a multi‐domain school readiness screening, the Before School Check (B4SC), identifies children at risk of low educational achievement and to compare the educational outcomes between those referred for intervention and those with B4SC concerns who were not referred.MethodsIn this longitudinal cohort study of children born at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia (N 331), the B4SC was performed at 4.5 years of age and a standardised curriculum‐based measure of educational achievement was completed at 9–10 years of age. Outcomes of school readiness screening were categorised into ‘school readiness concern’ or ‘no school readiness concern’ while ‘below standard’ and ‘well below standard’ ratings of educational achievement were combined into a single category of ‘low educational achievement’.ResultsOverall, 52% of children had ≥1 school readiness concerns at the B4SC, predominantly about behaviour (46%). Having ≥1 school readiness concern was associated with a nearly twofold increase in the likelihood of low academic achievement (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.14, 3.02), which was apparent only for behaviour concerns. Of the 128 children with behaviour concerns, only 10 (8%) were referred for further interventions. There was a statistically non‐significant increase in the rates of low academic achievement among those referred than those non‐referred (60% vs. 47%).ConclusionIdentification of behaviour concerns during B4SC is associated with a moderate increase in the likelihood of low academic achievement at 9–10 years. Further, research is needed to determine how academic achievement can be improved in children with behaviour concerns at school entry.