bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoccupation with results can be damaging for young coaches
Authors: Gowling Callum 
Published: April 2021

Sports coaching research can portray an overly simplistic picture of the activity leading to young coaches being underprepared for intra-personal conflicts during coaching careers (Cushion, 2006; Jones, 2009; Potrac et al., 2016). This paper builds on work that shows coaching is emotionally challenging (Thelwell, 2017; Gowling, 2019). Autoethnography illustrates the first authors inner struggles with their perceived effectiveness while trying to prove their worth in the elite junior coaching context. There are four main findings (1) the performance narrative influences young coaches’ behaviour; (2) inability to assess one’s own effectiveness, without using player results as the sole criteria can have a negative emotional effect on coaches; (3) relational narratives are present in elite junior coaching; (4) provides governing bodies with opportunities to improve the preparation of young coaches for intra-personal challenges related to coaching.
Workshop Penggunaan Microsoft Office Sebagai Penunjang Keterampilan Hard Skill Siswa Pendidikan Dasar
Authors: Prasetijo Hari , Fadli Ari , Bekti Santoso Purwanto , Herry Purnomo Widhiatmoko 
Published: April 2021

Dusun Siwarak Kulon merupakan salah satu desa yang ada di Desa Watuagung yang terletak di ketinggian 200- 250 MDPL di kawasan hutan pinus Perum Perhutani Kesatuan Pemangkuan Hutan (KPH) Banyumas. Di sini terdapat sebuah Sekolah Dasar yang ketersediaan fasilitas pendukung pendidikan formal dan kegiatan ekstra yang terbatas. Kemampuan pada penggunaan Microsoft Office merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat menunjang pendidikan formal, oleh karena itu kegiatan workshop penggunaan Microsoft Office untuk pendidikan dasar sangat dibutuhkan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan memberikan edukasi tentang penggunaan Microsoft Office. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan metode presentasi materi dan praktik sederhana. Hasil worskhop menunjukan nilai rata-rata pre test peserta adalah 37.39, sedangkan nilai rata-rata post test peserta adalah 72.60. Hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa kegiatan workshop menunjukan adanya dampak peningkatan dalam pemahaman dan ketrampilan peserta dalam penggunaan komputer dan pengoperasian aplikasi Microsft Office.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Snowball Throwing untuk Meningkatkan Kemandirian dan Prestasi Belajar Menghitung Jarak, Waktu, dan Kecepatan pada Siswa Kelas V
Authors: Marsanto Marsanto 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini berdasarkan atas kondisi nyata rendahnya kemandirian dan prestasi belajar siswa kelas V SD Negeri 1 Gunungsari, khususnya pada mata pelajaran Matematika dengan materi menghitung jarak, waktu, dan kecepatan dan guru yang belum menggunakan model pembelajaran yang tepat serta cenderung membosankan bagi siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendiskripsikan: (1) Proses pembelajaran model Snowball Throwing dapat meningkatkan kemandirian dan prestasi belajar siswa dalam menghitung jarak, waktu, dan kecepatan pada siswa kelas V, (2) Peningkatan kemandirian siswa dalam belajar menghitung jarak, waktu, dan kecepatan setelah dilakukan pembelajaran model Snowball Throwing pada siswa kelas V, (3) Peningkatan prestasi siswa dalam belajar menghitung jarak, waktu, dan kecepatan setelah dilakukan pembelajaran model Snowball Throwing pada siswa kelas V. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus dan masing-masing siklus terdiri dari tiga pertemuan. Prosedur dalam setiap siklus mencakup langkah-langkah: 1) perencanaan, 2) pelaksanaan, 3) pengamatan, 4) refleksi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ini adalah dengan adanya pembelajaran metode snowball throwing, terdapat peningkatan proses pembelajaran yang ditandai dari 4 siswa yang antusias pada prasiklus menjadi 7 siswa pada siklus I, dan meningkat menjadi 9 siswa pada siklus II, adanya peningkatan kemandirian siswa, serta adanya peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa. Terdapat peningkatan kualitas proses pembelajaran yang baik, pada guru maupun siswa.
Liraglutide-induced structural modulation of the gut microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shang Junjie , Liu Fang , Zhang Bing , Dong Kunlun , Lu Man , Jiang Rongfeng , Xu Yue , Diao Le , Zhao Jiangman , Tang Hui 
Published: April 2021

Accumulating evidence has suggested the importance of gut microbiota in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the present study, 40 patients with T2DM were treated with liraglutide for 4 months. Feces samples and clinical characteristics were collected from these 40 T2DM patients before and after the liraglutide treatment. The diversity and composition of gut microbiota in the two groups were determined by sequencing the V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Meanwhile, blood glucose, insulin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and lipid metabolism were also measured in the pre- and post-liraglutide-treatment groups. We find that Baseline HbA1c was associated with liraglutide treatment response (R2 = 0.527, β = − 0.726, p < 0.0001). After adjusted for baseline HbA1c, blood urea nitrogen was associated with liraglutide treatment response. Besides, our results showed reduced gut microbial alpha diversity, different community structure distribution and altered microbial interaction network in patients treated with liraglutide. The liner discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis showed that 21 species of bacteria were abundant in the pre-liraglutide-treatment group and 15 species were abundant in the post-liraglutide-treatment group. In addition, we also find that Megamonas were significantly correlated with older age, diabetes duration and diabetic retinopathy, Clostridum were significantly correlated with family history of diabetes and Oscillospira were significantly correlated with both diabetic retinopathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Functional analysis based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and cluster of orthologous groups (COG) annotations enriched three KEGG metabolic pathways and six functional COG categories in the post-liraglutide-treatment group. In conclusion, our research suggests that baseline HbA1c, blood urea nitrogen and gut microbiota are associated with the liraglutide treatment applied on patients with T2DM. These findings may contribute to the beneficial effects of liraglutide against diabetes.
Porphyromonas gingivalis enhances pneumococcal adhesion to human alveolar epithelial cells by increasing expression of host platelet‐activating factor receptor
Authors: Kamio Noriaki , Hayata Mayumi , Tamura Muneaki , Tanaka Hajime , Imai Kenichi 
Published: April 2021

Streptococcus pneumoniae causes pneumonia by infecting the alveolar epithelium via binding to host receptors, such as the platelet‐activating factor receptor (PAFR). Although chronic periodontitis has been identified as a pneumonia risk factor, how periodontopathic bacteria cause pneumonia is not known. We found that S. pneumoniae adhered to PAFR expressed on A549 human alveolar epithelial cells stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis culture supernatant, and this was abrogated by a PAFR‐specific inhibitor. Among the major virulence factors of P. gingivalis [lipopolysaccharide (LPS), fimbriae and gingipains (Rgps and Kgp)], PAFR expression and pneumococcal adhesion were executed in an Rgp‐dependent manner. LPS and fimbriae did not induce PAFR expression. Hence, our findings suggest that P. gingivalis enhances pneumococcal adhesion to human alveoli by inducing PAFR expression and that gingipains are responsible for this.
MIB1 upregulates IQGAP1 and promotes pancreatic cancer progression by inducing ST7 degradation
Authors: Zhang Bin , Cheng Xiang , Zhan Sudong , Jin Xin , Liu Tao 
Published: April 2021

Despite recent progress in cancer treatment, the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer still remains poor. Pancreatic tumors are reported to display high molecular heterogeneity. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying pancreatic cancer progression is essential for improving patient treatment and survival. The overexpression of E3 ubiquitin ligase mind bomb 1 (MIB1) was previously described in pancreatic cancer cells, where it enhanced tumor cell proliferation. However, the role of MIB1 in pancreatic cancer progression remains elusive. In the present study, we confirmed that MIB1 expression is elevated in pancreatic cancer tissues and that high levels of MIB associate with unfavorable prognosis. Overexpression of MIB1 enhanced proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. We further investigated the molecular mechanisms downstream of MIB1 and observed for the first time that MIB1 targets suppressor of tumorigenicity 7 protein (ST7), previously described as suppressor of tumorigenicity, for proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, we found that ST7 suppressed tumor growth by downregulating IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) in pancreatic tumor cells. Thus, these data show that MIB1 promotes pancreatic cancer progression by inducing ST7 degradation followed by downregulation of IQGAP1 in pancreatic cancer cells. In conclusion, our research shows that the MIB1/ST7/IQGAP1 axis is essential for pancreatic cancer progression, and MIB1 inhibition may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Adaptive constraint control for flexible manipulator systems modeled by partial differential equations with dead‐zone input
Authors: Zhang Xin‐Yu , Tang Li , Liu Yan‐Jun 
Published: April 2021

SummaryIn this article, based on partial differential equations (PDEs), the flexible manipulator system with both dead‐zone input and state constraints is studied. The dynamic model of the flexible manipulator system is described by PDEs. The parameters of the dead‐zone input are unknown, and the state constraint problem is also considered. An adaptive approach is proposed to offset the effects caused by dead‐zone input. Thus, to guarantee that all states remain within their respective constraint regions, the boundary control law based on the barrier Lyapunov function is given, and an adaptive controller is designed. According to the Lyapunov analysis method, the control method is given to ensure that all signals of the closed‐loop system are bounded and all states satisfy the constraint conditions. Finally, simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control method in this article.
Polarization‐Resolved Broadband MoS2/Black Phosphorus/MoS2 Optoelectronic Memory with Ultralong Retention Time and Ultrahigh Switching Ratio
Authors: Liu Chang , Zou Xuming , Wu Min‐Ci , Wang Yang , Lv Yawei , Duan Xinpei , Zhang Sen , Liu Xingqiang , Wu Wen‐Wei , Hu Weida , Fan Zhiyong , Liao Lei 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe rapidly emerging requirement for device miniaturization and structural flexibility make 2D semiconductors and their van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructures extremely attractive for nonvolatile optoelectronic memory (NOM) applications. Although several concepts for 2D NOM have been demonstrated, multi‐heterojunction devices capable of further improving storage performance have received little attention. This work reports a concept for MoS2/black phosphorus (BP)/MoS2 multi‐heterojunction NOM with artificial trap sites through the BP oxidation, in which the trapped holes at BP/POx interface intrigue a persistent photoconductivity that hardly recovers within the experimental time scales (exceeding 104 s). As a result of the interfacial trap‐controlled charge injection, the device exhibits excellent photoresponsive memory characteristics, including a record high detectivity of ≈1.2 × 1016 Jones, a large light‐to‐dark switching ratio of ≈1.5 × 107, an ultralow off‐state current of ≈1.2 pA, and an outstanding multi‐bit storage capacity (11 storage states, 546 nC state–1). In addition, the middle BP layer in the multi‐heterojunction enables broadband spectrum distinction (375–1064 nm), together with a high polarization ratio of 8.4. The obtained results represent the significant step toward the high‐density integration of optoelectronic memories with 2D vdWs heterostructures.
Exploiting Mechanical Instabilities in Soft Robotics: Control, Sensing, and Actuation
Authors: Pal Aniket , Restrepo Vanessa , Goswami Debkalpa , Martinez Ramses V. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe rapidly expanding field of soft robotics has provided multiple examples of how entirely soft machines and actuators can outperform conventional rigid robots in terms of adaptability, maneuverability, and safety. Unfortunately, the soft and flexible materials used in their construction impose intrinsic limitations on soft robots, such as low actuation speeds and low output forces. Nature offers multiple examples where highly flexible organisms exploit mechanical instabilities to store and rapidly release energy. Guided by these examples, researchers have recently developed a variety of strategies to overcome speed and power limitations in soft robotics using mechanical instabilities. These mechanical instabilities provide, through rapid transitions from structurally stable states, a new route to achieve high output power amplification and attain impressive actuation speeds. Here, an overview of the literature related to the development of soft robots and actuators that exploit mechanical instabilities to expand their actuation speed, output power, and functionality is presented. Additionally, strategies using structural phase transitions to address current challenges in the area of soft robotic control, sensing, and actuation are discussed. Approaches using instabilities to create entirely soft logic modules to imbue soft robots with material intelligence and distributed computational capabilities are also reviewed.
High‐Throughput Discovery of Ni(IN)2for Ethane/Ethylene Separation
Authors: Kang Minjung , Yoon Sunghyun , Ga Seongbin , Kang Dong Won , Han Seungyun , Choe Jong Hyeak , Kim Hyojin , Kim Dae Won , Chung Yongchul G. , Hong Chang Seop 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAlthough ethylene (C2H4) is one of the most critical chemicals used as a feedstock in artificial plastic chemistry fields, it is challenging to obtain high‐purity C2H4gas without any trace ethane (C2H6) by the oil cracking process. Adsorptive separation using C2H6‐selective adsorbents is beneficial because it directly produces high‐purity C2H4in a single step. Herein,Ni(IN)2(HIN = isonicotinic acid) is computationally discovered as a promising adsorbent with the assistance of the multiscale high‐throughput computational screening workflow and Computation‐Ready, Experimental (CoRE) metal–organic framework (MOF) 2019 database.Ni(IN)2is subsequently synthesized and tested to show the ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) selectivity of 2.45 at 1 bar for a C2H6/C2H4mixture (1:15), which is one of the top‐performing selectivity values reported for C2H6‐selective MOFs as well as excellent recyclability, suggesting that this material is a promising C2H6‐selective adsorbent. Process‐level simulation results based on experimental isotherms demonstrate that the material is one of the top materials reported to date for ethane/ethylene separation under the conditions considered in this work.
The revised Approved Instructional Resources score: An improved quality evaluation tool for online educational resources
Authors: Grock Andrew , Jordan Jaime , Zaver Fareen , Colmers‐Gray Isabelle N. , Krishnan Keeth , Chan Teresa , Thoma Brent 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundFree Open‐Access Medical education (FOAM) use among residents continues to rise. However, it often lacks quality assurance processes and residents receive little guidance on quality assessment. The Academic Life in Emergency Medicine Approved Instructional Resources tool (AAT) was created for FOAM appraisal by and for expert educators and has demonstrated validity in this context. It has yet to be evaluated in other populations.ObjectivesWe assessed the AAT’s usability in a diverse population of practicing emergency medicine (EM) physicians, residents, and medical students; solicited feedback; and developed a revised tool.MethodsAs part of the Medical Education Translational Resources: Impact and Quality (METRIQ) study, we recruited medical students, EM residents, and EM attendings to evaluate five FOAM posts with the AAT and provide quantitative and qualitative feedback via an online survey. Two independent analysts performed a qualitative thematic analysis with discrepancies resolved through discussion and negotiated consensus. This analysis informed development of an initial revised AAT, which was then further refined after pilot testing among the author group. The final tool was reassessed for reliability.ResultsOf 330 recruited international participants, 309 completed all ratings. The Best Evidence in Emergency Medicine (BEEM) score was the component most frequently reported as difficult to use. Several themes emerged from the qualitative analysis: for ease of use—understandable, logically structured, concise, and aligned with educational value. Limitations include deviation from questionnaire best practices, validity concerns, and challenges assessing evidence‐based medicine. Themes supporting its use include evaluative utility and usability. The author group pilot tested the initial revised AAT, revealing a total score average measure intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of moderate reliability (ICC = 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0 to 0.962). The final AAT’s average measure ICC was 0.88 (95% CI = 0.77 to 0.95).ConclusionsWe developed the final revised AAT from usability feedback. The new score has significantly increased usability, but will need to be reassessed for reliability in a broad population.
Effects of ambient climate and three warming treatments on fruit production in an alpine, subarctic meadow community
Authors: Alatalo Juha M. , Jägerbrand Annika K. , Dai Junhu , Mollazehi Mohammad D. , Abdel‐Salam Abdel‐Salam G. , Pandey Rajiv , Molau Ulf 
Published: April 2021

PremiseClimate change is having major impacts on alpine and arctic regions, and inter‐annual variations in temperature are likely to increase. How increased climate variability will impact plant reproduction is unclear.MethodsIn a 4‐year study on fruit production by an alpine plant community in northern Sweden, we applied three warming regimes: (1) a static level of warming with open‐top chambers (OTC), (2) press warming, a yearly stepwise increase in warming, and (3) pulse warming, a single‐year pulse event of higher warming. We analyzed the relationship between fruit production and monthly temperatures during the budding period, fruiting period, and whole fruit production period and the effect of winter and summer precipitation on fruit production.ResultsYear and treatment had a significant effect on total fruit production by evergreen shrubs, Cassiope tetragona, and Dryas octopetala, with large variations between treatments and years. Year, but not treatment, had a significant effect on deciduous shrubs and graminoids, both of which increased fruit production over the 4 years, while forbs were negatively affected by the press warming, but not by year. Fruit production was influenced by ambient temperature during the previous‐year budding period, current‐year fruiting period, and whole fruit production period. Minimum and average temperatures were more important than maximum temperature. In general, fruit production was negatively correlated with increased precipitation.ConclusionsThese results indicate that predicted increased climate variability and increased precipitation due to climate change may affect plant reproductive output and long‐term community dynamics in alpine meadow communities.
Two‐step Conformational Control of a Dibenzo Diazacyclooctane Derivative by Stepwise Protonation
Authors: Ishiwari Fumitaka , Miyake Sayuri , Inoue Keiki , Hirose Keiji , Fukushima Takanori , Saeki Akinori 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe conformational control of a dibenzo‐1,5‐diazacyclooctane (DACO) derivative with tertiary and secondary amino groups by stepwise protonation is investigated by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, computational simulation, and variable temperature NMR measurements. The DACO derivative undergoes two‐step protonation, to afford bent‐shape monoprotonated and diprotonated species, whose conformations are different from each other. The monoprotonated form is characterized by a Tröger's‐base‐like proton‐bridged pseudo bicyclic structure, while the diprotonated form features a deformed boat‐shape eight membered ring structure. The degree of bending and conformational rigidity of the DACO skeleton become higher as the degree of the protonation is increased. Such a multistep conformational control of the DACO derivative would be useful for developing new stimuli‐responsive supramolecular systems that exhibit a multistep change in properties.
Early prevention of cognitive impairment in the community population: The Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative
Authors: Yang Caishui , Li Xin , Zhang Junying , Chen Yaojing , Li He , Wei Dongfeng , Lu Peng , Liang Ying , Liu Zhen , Shu Ni , Wang Fang , Guan Qing , Tao Wuhai , Wang Qingshan , Jia Jianjun , Ai Lin , Cui Ruixue , Wang Yanping , Peng Dantao , Zhang Wei , Chen Kewei , Wang Xiaomin , Zhao Jizong , Wang Yongyan , Dong Qi , Wang Jun , Zhang Zhanjun ,   Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative workgroup
Published: April 2021

AbstractFacing considerable challenges associated with aging and dementia, China urgently needs an evidence‐based health‐care system for prevention and management of dementia. The Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative (BABRI) is a community‐based cohort study initiated in 2008 that focuses on asymptomatic stages of dementia, aims to develop community‐based prevention strategies for cognitive impairment, and provides a platform for scientific research and clinical trials. Thus far, BABRI has recruited 10,255 participants (aged 50 and over, 60.3% female), 2021 of whom have been followed up at least once at a 2‐ or 3‐year interval. This article presents aims and study design of BABRI; summarizes preliminary behavioral and neuroimaging findings on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and results of clinical trials on MCI; and discusses issues concerning early prevention in community, MCI diagnosis methods, and applications of database of aging and dementia. BABRI is proposed to build a systematic framework on brain health in old age.