bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro, Eje De Comunicación Del Septentrión Novohispano
Authors: Vallebueno Garcinava Miguel , Pacheco Rojas José de la Cruz 
Published: May 2021

Resumen El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro fue la ví­a de comunicación más importante del septentrión novohispano durante los siglos XVI al XVIII. Por él transitaron indí­genas, españoles y africanos, mercancí­as e ideas que permitieron el poblamiento de ciudades, villas, reales de minas, presidios, poblados misionales, estancias agrí­colas y ganaderas, pero ante todo la formación de la nueva cultura mestiza que caracteriza al norte. En este trabajo se estudian los orí­genes y los cambios de ruta que tuvo el Camino Real de Tierra Adentro a medida que se prolongó hacia el norte, debido tanto al auge minero como a la resistencia de los indios a la expansión española y las dificultades que los viajeros tuvieron para transportarse a causa de sus accidentes geográficos. Para ello se recurrió a fuentes documentales de diferentes repositorios, a descripciones de personajes de la época y a investigaciones de historiadores actuales sobre la misma temática. Palabras clave: camino, septentrión, plata, asentamientos, resistencia indí­gena. Abstract Camino Real de Tierra Adentro (Royal Road of the Interior Lands) was the most important road of communication during the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries in the north of New Spain. It was transited by indigenous, Spanish and African people, goods and ideas that allowed the settlement of cities, towns, mining camps, jails, missionary settlements, agricultural and cattle ranches, but first of all, the formation of the new hybrid culture that characterizes north. This article examines the origins and route changes that had the Camino Real de Tierra Adentro as continued north, both due to the mining boom as the Indian resistance to Spanish expansion and the difficulties that travellers had to transport because of its geographical features. This article based on documentary sources from different repositories, resorted to character descriptions of the time and current historians research on the same topic. Keywords: Road, north, silver, settlements, indigenous resistance.
DIGITAL BANKING DAN RISIKO OPERASIONAL (STUDI KASUS PADA NASABAH BANK CENTRAL ASIA DAN BANK RAKYAT INDONESIA)
Authors: Tanic Rizki Hartanto , Atahau Apriani Dorkas Rambu 
Published: May 2021

Along with the development of the internet which has followed the rapid advances in technological development, people need fast and efficient payments due to the increasing number of financial transactions. Internet banking is one of the digital banking of the bank products that facilitate financial transactions. However, the use of internet banking cannot be separated from operational risks that will occur. As one of bank risks, operational risk plays an important role toward the im-plementation of digital banking. Hence, it is important to study the customer percep-tion on banks operational risk in providing digital banking services. The population in the study were customers of Bank Central Asia and Bank Rakyat Indonesia who used internet banking services. The samples taken in this study were 100 respon-dents from Bank Central Asia and 100 respondents from Bank Rakyat Indonesia in the area and the technique used was purposive sampling. The analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive analysis. This analysis included the average differ-ence test, validity test, and reliability test. It was processed using the SPSS program version 20. The findings showed that both banks had low operational risks according to their surveyed customers. Although BCA was perceived to have lower operational risks than BRI, some areas such as system risks needed more attention. Seiring dengan perkembangan internet yang mengikuti pesatnya kemajuan teknologi, masyarakat membutuhkan pembayaran yang cepat dan efisien karena semakin banyaknya transaksi keuangan. Internet banking merupakan salah satu produk bank digital banking yang memfasilitasi transaksi keuangan. Namun penggunaan internet banking tidak lepas dari risiko operasional yang akan terjadi. Sebagai salah satu risiko bank, risiko operasional memegang peranan penting dalam penerapan digital banking. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mempelajari persepsi nasabah terhadap risiko operasional bank dalam memberikan layanan perbankan digital. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah nasabah Bank Central Asia (BCA) dan Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) yang menggunakan layanan internet banking. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 responden dari Bank Central Asia dan 100 responden dari Bank Rakyat Indonesia di wilayah tersebut dan teknik yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Analisis ini meliputi uji beda rata-rata, uji validitas, dan uji reliabilitas. Diproses menggunakan program SPSS versi 20. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa kedua bank memiliki risiko operasional yang rendah menurut nasabah yang disurvei. Meskipun BCA dinilai memiliki risiko operasional yang lebih rendah dibandingkan BRI, namun beberapa area seperti risiko sistem perlu mendapat perhatian lebih.
PERPINDAHAN MEREK AKIBAT KETIDAKPUASAN KONSUMEN DALAM PEMILIHAN PRODUK SMARTPHONE
Authors: Wardhaniika Nuruni Ika Kusuma , Hendrati Ignatia Martha 
Published: May 2021

This research was motivated by a decrease in sales and market share of An-droid smartphones in a certain period that identified the phenomenon of the shift of smartphone users with certain brands that have Android operating system to other brands of smartphones with other operating systems. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of product attributes, consumer dissatisfaction, and Brand Image and price perception on the shift of the Xiaomi Android smartphone brand to other Samatphone. The population in this study was the Xiaomi user at WTC (World Trade Center) Surabaya. Sampling in this study used the nonprobability sampling method with purposive sampling technique. The statistical analysis method used was the analysis technique Partial Least Sqaure. The results of the analysis showed that consumer dissatisfaction had a positive and significant influence on brand switching. Brand Image had a significant and significant influence on brand switching. Price perception had a negative but not significant effect on brand switching. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penurunan penjualan dan pangsa pasar smartphone Android pada periode tertentu yang mengidentifikasi fenomena pergeseran pengguna smartphone dengan merek tertentu yang memiliki sistem operasi Android ke smartphone merek lain dengan sistem operasi lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh atribut produk, ketidakpuasan konsumen, dan citra merek, dan persepsi harga terhadap pergeseran merek smartphone Android Xiaomi ke smartphone lain. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pengguna Xiaomi di WTC (World Trade Center) Surabaya. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode nonprobability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling. Metode analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis Partial Least Square. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ketidakpuasan konsumen berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap perpindahan merek. Citra merek memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dan signifikan terhadap perpindahan merek. Persepsi harga berpengaruh negatif, tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap peralihan merek.
ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PERTAMBANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Alamsyah Firman Mukhti , Takarini Nurjanti 
Published: May 2021

Indonesia is very rich in various resources, one of which is natural resources, one of which can be utilized in increasing non-tax state revenue. In addition, it can also be used as a support for economic activity both micro and macro, therefore company profits are used to support the company's operational activities in order to achieve the goals of the company. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Liquidity (Current Ratio), Leverage (Debt to Assets Ratio), Activities (Total Assets Turnover) on Profit Growth. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, namely sampling based on criteria, from these criteria there were 25 samples of mining companies, with a 2016–2018 research period, and the data analysis technique used was Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. The results of the observations can be concluded that the Current Ratio and Debt to Assets Ratio variables have significant results with a negative relationship direction to mining sector companies listed on the IDX in 2016–2018, besides that the Total Assets Turnover variable shows insignificant and negative results for mining sector companies listed on the IDX in 2016–2018. Indonesia sangat kaya akan berbagai sumber daya, salah satunya adalah sumber daya alam yang salah satunya dapat dimanfaatkan dalam meningkatkan penerimaan negara bukan pajak. Selain itu juga dapat digunakan sebagai penunjang kegiatan perekonomian baik mikro maupun makro, oleh karena itu laba perusahaan digunakan untuk menunjang kegiatan operasional perusahaan dalam rangka mencapai tujuan perusahaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Likuiditas (Current Ratio), Leverage (Debt to Assets Ratio), Aktivitas (Total Assets Turnover) terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel berdasarkan kriteria, dari kriteria tersebut terdapat 25 sampel perusahaan pertambangan, dengan periode penelitian 2016–2018, dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda. Hasil observasi dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel Current Ratio dan Debt to Assets Ratio memiliki hasil yang signifikan dengan arah hubungan negatif terhadap perusahaan sektor pertambangan yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2016–2018, selain itu variabel Total Assets Turnover menunjukkan hasil yang tidak signifikan dan negatif untuk perusahaan sektor pertambangan yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2016–2018.
Targeting Bright Metal-poor Stars in the Disk and Halo Systems of the Galaxy
Authors: Limberg Guilherme , Santucci Rafael M. , Rossi Silvia , Shank Derek , Placco Vinicius M. , Beers Timothy C. , Schlaufman Kevin C. , Casey Andrew R. , Perottoni Hélio D. , Lee Young Sun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We present the results of spectroscopic follow-up for 1897 low-metallicity star candidates, selected from the Best & Brightest (B&B) Survey, carried out with the GMOS-N/S (Gemini North/South telescopes) and Goodman (SOAR Telescope) spectrographs. From these low-resolution (R ∼ 2000) spectra, we estimate stellar atmospheric parameters, as well as carbon and magnesium abundance ratios. We confirm that 56% of our program stars are metal-poor ([Fe/H] < − 1.0), 30% are very metal-poor (VMP; [Fe/H] < − 2.0), and 2% are extremely metal-poor (EMP; [Fe/H] < − 3.0). There are 191 carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars, resulting in CEMP fractions of 19% and 43% for the VMP and EMP regimes, respectively. A total of 94 confirmed CEMP stars belong to Group I (A(C) ≳ 7.25) and 97 to Group II (A(C) ≲ 7.25) in the Yoon–Beers A(C)−[Fe/H] diagram. Moreover, we combine these data with Gaia EDR3 astrometric information to delineate new target-selection criteria, which have been applied to the Goodman/SOAR candidates, to more than double the efficiency for identification of bona fide VMP and EMP stars in comparison to random draws from the B&B catalog. We demonstrate that this target-selection approach can achieve success rates of 96%, 76%, 28%, and 4% for [Fe/H] ≤ − 1.5, ≤ − 2.0, ≤ − 2.5 and ≤ − 3.0, respectively. Finally, we investigate the presence of dynamically interesting stars in our sample. We find that several VMP/EMP ([Fe/H] ≤ − 2.5) stars can be associated with either the disk system or halo substructures like Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus and Sequoia.
Ice-coated Pebble Drift as a Possible Explanation for Peculiar Cometary CO/H2O Ratios
Authors: Price Ellen M. , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Bodewits Dennis , Öberg Karin I. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To date, at least three comets—2I/Borisov, C/2016 R2 (PanSTARRS), and C/2009 P1 (Garradd)—have been observed to have unusually high CO concentrations compared to water. We attempt to explain these observations by modeling the effect of drifting solid (ice and dust) material on the ice compositions in protoplanetary disks. We find that, independent of the exact disk model parameters, we always obtain a region of enhanced ice-phase CO/H2O that spreads out in radius over time. The inner edge of this feature coincides with the CO snowline. Almost every model achieves at least CO/H2O of unity, and one model reaches a CO/H2O ratio >10. After running our simulations for 1 Myr, an average of 40% of the disk ice mass contains more CO than H2O ice. In light of this, a population of CO-ice-enhanced planetesimals are likely to generally form in the outer regions of disks, and we speculate that the aforementioned CO-rich comets may be more common, both in our own solar system and in extrasolar systems, than previously expected.
Revisiting the Color–Color Selection: Submillimeter and AGN Properties of NUV–r–J Selected Quiescent Galaxies
Authors: Hwang Yu-Hsuan , Wang Wei-Hao , Chang Yu-Yen , Lim Chen-Fatt , Chen Chian-Chou , Gao Zhen-Kai , Dunlop James S. , Gao Yu , Ho Luis C. , Hwang Ho Seong , Koprowski Maciej , Michałowski Michał J. , Peng Ying-jie , Shim Hyunjin , Simpson James M. , Toba Yoshiki 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We examine the robustness of the color–color selection of quiescent galaxies (QGs) against contamination of dusty star-forming galaxies using the latest submillimeter data. We selected 18,304 QG candidates out to z ∼ 3 using the commonly adopted NUV–r–J selection based on the high-quality multiwavelength COSMOS2015 catalog. Using extremely deep 450 and 850 μm catalogs from the latest JCMT SCUBA-2 Large Programs, S2COSMOS and STUDIES, as well as the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array submillimeter, VLA 3 GHz, and Spitzer MIPS 24 μm catalogs, we identified luminous, dusty, star-forming galaxies among the QG candidates. We also conducted stacking analyses in the SCUBA-2 450 and 850 μm images to look for less-luminous dusty galaxies among the QG candidates. By cross matching to the 24 μm and 3 GHz data, we were able to identify a subgroup of “IR-radio-bright” QGs that possess strong 450 and 850 μm stacking signals. The potential contamination of these luminous and less-luminous dusty galaxies accounts for approximately 10% of the color-selected QG candidates. In addition, there exists a spatial correlation between the luminous star-forming galaxies and the QGs at a ≲60 kpc scale. Finally, we found a high QG fraction among radio active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at z < 1.5. Our data show a strong correlation between QGs and radio AGNs, which may suggest a connection between the quenching process and the radio-mode AGN feedback.
The Cepheid Distance to the Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 4051
Authors: Yuan W. , Macri L. M. , Peterson B. M. , Riess A. G. , Fausnaugh M. M. , Hoffmann S. L. , Anand G. S. , Bentz M. C. , Dalla Bontà E. , Davies R. I. , De Rosa G. , Ferrarese L. , Grier C. J. , Hicks E. K. S. , Onken C. A. , Pogge R. W. , Storchi-Bergmann T. , Vestergaard M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We derive a distance of D = 16.6 ± 0.3 Mpc (μ = 31.10 ± 0.04 mag) to the archetypal narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4051 based on Cepheid period–luminosity relations and new Hubble Space Telescope multiband imaging. We identify 419 Cepheid candidates and estimate the distance at both optical and near-infrared wavelengths using subsamples of precisely photometered variables (123 and 47 in the optical and near-infrared subsamples, respectively). We compare our independent photometric procedures and distance-estimation methods to those used by the Supernovae, H0, for the Equation of State team and find agreement to 0.01 mag. The distance we obtain suggests an Eddington ratio of

for NGC 4051, typical of narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies, unlike the seemingly odd value implied by previous distance estimates. We derive a peculiar velocity of −490 ± 34 km s−1 for NGC 4051, consistent with the overall motion of the Ursa Major Cluster in which it resides. We also revisit the energetics of the NGC 4051 nucleus, including its outflow and mass accretion rates.
Hinode/EIS Coronal Magnetic Field Measurements at the Onset of a C2 Flare
Authors: Landi E. , Li W. , Brage T. , Hutton R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We study Hinode/EIS observations of an active region taken before, during, and after a small C2.0 flare in order to monitor the evolution of the magnetic field and its relation to the flare event. We find that while the flare left the active region itself unaltered, the event included a large magnetic field enhancement (MFE), which consisted of a large magnetic field strength increase to values just short of 500 G in a rather small region where no magnetic field was measured before. This MFE is observed during the impulsive phase of the flare at the footpoints of flare loops, its magnetic energy is sufficient to power the radiative losses of the entire flare, and has completely dissipated after the flare. We argue that the MFE might occur at the location of the reconnection event triggering the flare, and note that it formed within 22 minutes of the flare start (as given by the EIS raster return time). These results open the door to a new line of studies aimed at determining whether MFEs can be flare precursor events or used for Space Weather forecasts, what advance warning time they could provide and if this time is long enough to allow for mitigation procedures to be implemented; as well as to explore which physical processes lead to MFE formation and dissipation, whether such processes are the same in both long-duration and impulsive flares, and whether they can be predicted by theoretical models.
“An pettie tanes, Ie parle milleur”: Speaking Foreign Languages in Shakespeare’s Henry V (1600; 1623)
Authors: Sansonetti Laetitia 
Published: May 2021

Cet article s’intéresse au multilinguisme et à la traduction dans les premières éditions de Henry V , en particulier à la dimension orale des dialogues, destinés à être prononcés à voix haute, afin d’analyser le rôle joué par la langue dans la représentation de l’anglicité. Étudiées à la lumière des déclarations méta-théâtrales qui émaillent la pièce, les scènes de communication multilingue mettent à l’épreuve les compétences linguistiques des personnages, mais aussi des acteurs, du public, des lecteurs, selon une méthode didactique qui utilise la traduction pour enseigner les langues étrangères. Le multilinguisme exacerbe les identités nationales fondées sur la communauté linguistique, tout autant qu’il les brouille. Les mots et discours en français, dans le cadre d’une alternance codique ou d’actes traductifs, mettent en relief la nature hybride de la langue anglaise elle-même. La pièce donne à la fois une représentation stéréotypée de la France par le biais de clichés linguistiques et un point de vue extérieur sur ce qui fait l’anglicité.
Big Men, Little Men, and All the Rest. The Value of Circumspect Reading
Authors: Zimpfer Nathalie 
Published: May 2021

Les questions de la lecture et de l’interprétation, de la part de Gulliver comme du lecteur, sont au cœur des Voyages de Gulliver . En dépit de son attachement à la vérité, Gulliver fait montre d’une sincérité aveugle qui l’empêche de lire correctement les situations auxquelles il est confronté. De la même manière, nos pratiques de lecture sont soumises à examen. Texte remettant en question la plupart des attentes traditionnelles concernant la satire, Les Voyages de Gulliver forcent le lecteur à accepter la nature partielle et provisoire de toute interprétation. L’œuvre de Swift refuse à ses lecteurs le plaisir de la généralisation pour indirectement promouvoir une lecture qui « particularise », essence même de la littérature selon Philip Roth. En dernière analyse, Les Voyages de Gulliver offrent peut-être, avant tout, une méthode de lecture que l’on pourrait qualifier de « lecture circonspecte ». La lecture circonspecte refuse eu lecteur le confort de la certitude, exigeant le courage de la circonspection.
La convivialité pour réanimer le monde
Authors: Azam Geneviève 
Published: May 2021

La convivialité, dans le sillage d’Illich, suppose non seulement de renoncer à une vision machinique de la société – et de la planète ! – mais aussi de « détraquer » le monde tel qu’il est conçu actuellement. C’est la seule façon de (re)prendre prise sur notre destin et d’éviter les catastrophes qui s’annoncent.
Le convivialisme, en pratique
Authors: Flipo Fabrice 
Published: May 2021

À quoi ressemblerait un monde qui irait vers le convivialisme ? En quelques mots, à ce que le rapport du Milllénaire sur les écosystèmes (2005) appelait la « mosaïque adaptative », c'est-à-dire un ensemble d'actions qui convergent sur la base d'un principe de sobriété, « vivre simplement pour que d'autres puissent simplement vivre ».
La création monétaire, outil fondamental du convivialisme
Authors: Arnsperger Christian , Morvant-Roux Solène , Servet Jean-Michel , Tiran André 
Published: May 2021

Les enjeux monétaires demeurent trop peu discutés quand il s’agit de penser la transition vers une société plus conviviale. Cet article propose une discussion du rôle de la création de monnaie. Il défend l’idée que la rareté d’argent, qui est si souvent invoquée pour justifier des mesures néolibérales d’austérité, est une fiction politiquement construite. À l’opposé de cette fiction, la Modern Money Theory (MMT) offre aujourd’hui un cadre théorique et pratique solidement charpenté pour concevoir un système monétaire à la fois plus démocratique et libéré du « mythe du déficit public ». Non, une nation souveraine au plan monétaire n’a à se soumettre ni à la fiction du surendettement, ni aux sirènes de l’austérité, ni aux diktats des marchés financiers. Cependant, beaucoup de pays ne jouissent pas de la pleine souveraineté monétaire. Il faut également éviter que, dans les pays pleinement souverains, ne se développe un fétichisme de l’État. C’est pourquoi, dans cet article, une combinaison entre une émission de monnaie nationale inspirée par la MMT et l’émission de monnaies locales complémentaires est envisagée comme « optimum » collectif. De la sorte, un sentier serein vers la convivialité peut être imaginé, du moins au plan monétaire et financier.
Quand la propriété excède le propriétaire. Faire sa part au commun
Authors: Villain-Carapella Florian 
Published: May 2021

Plutôt que militer pour une abolition totale de la propriété dans le sillage de Marx, nous devrions concentrer notre réflexion et notre action sur ce que la poursuite effrénée de nos intérêts privés – le fameux « droit » à la propriété – nous empêche de voir ce qui est pourtant là : l’inappropriable, le commun.