bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strabismus surgery in poor binocular potential
Authors: Khurana Rolli , Agrawal Siddharth , Singh Vinita , Agrawal Mohini 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Previous studies prove improvement in quality of life (QOL) after strabismus surgery.

Aims:
The aim is to study the change in QOL and binocular functions after strabismus surgery in patients with poor binocular potential.

Setting and Design:
A tertiary care center-based prospective study was done over a period of 1 year to evaluate the change in scores of adult strabismus-20 (AS-20) questionnaire after successful strabismus surgery.

Materials and Methods:
All patients above 10 years attending the orthoptic clinic with horizontal squint were evaluated for their probability of gaining binocularity on binocular potential score and were graded into four categories. Those with poor grade of binocular potential, having a poor chance of regaining binocularity after surgery, were included in the study. They underwent surgical ocular alignment and answered the AS-20 questionnaire for QOL preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Comparison of preoperative scores was done using unpaired t-test. The mean pre- and post-operative scores were compared using paired t-test. Two-sided significance level with P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Out of 53 patients, surgical outcomes of 5 were outside successful limits. Of the remaining, 18 (37.5%) were esotropic and 30 (62.5%) had exotropia. Improvement in the mean psychosocial and functional scores was 13.1 ± 6.0 and 7.6 ± 6.3, respectively. Mean overall, psychosocial, and functional QOL scores were significantly higher after successful surgical ocular alignment.

Conclusion:
Statistically significant improvement occurs in psychosocial and functional QOL of strabismus patients (on AS-20) with poor binocular potential undergoing successful strabismus surgery. Thus, ocular alignment in such cases can be a feasible option for improving QOL rather than mere cosmetic comeback.
Estimation of Postmortem Interval by Postmortem Myocardial Computed Tomography Value
Authors: An Zhiyuan , He Hongxia , Niu Qing , Zhu Haibiao , Wang Yucong , Liu Ran , Hou Weiliang , Tang Peng , Yang Tiantong , Zhao Dong 
Published: September 2021

Background:
The estimation of postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the most important topics in forensic medicine research. We speculate that with an increased PMI, the computed tomography (CT) values of different tissues may show regular changes.

Purpose:
To use postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) to measure the myocardial CT value (unit: Hounsfield Unit, HU) of the heart to explore its pattern in postmortem change, and to discuss whether it can serve as a new parameter for PMI estimation.

Methods:
A total of 10 healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were selected and then put into a 20°C incubator after being sacrificed. Within 0–156 h after death, CT scans were performed every 12 h to detect changes in the myocardial CT value of the heart over time. Regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between the myocardial CT value of the heart and PMI. At the same time, HE and Masson were used to stain the cardiac tissue sections detected by PMCT at 0h, 48h and 156h, respectively.

Results:
During 0–156 h, the overall myocardial CT value showed a trend of first rising and then decreasing with the increase of PMI. The fitting regression equation was y = −2873.193 + 143.866x − 1.728x2 (x: myocardial CT value, unit: Hu; y: PMI, unit: h, R2 = 0.466, P < 0.05). During 48–156 h, the overall myocardial CT value decreased gradually with the increase of PMI. The fitting regression equation was y = −93.038 + 18.700x − 0.321x2 (x: myocardial CT value, unit: Hu; y: PMI, unit: h, R2 = 0.963, P < 0.001). The results of the morphological changes of the myocardial tissue structure after death showed that the myocardial cell structure was relatively complete at 0−48 hours after death; and the myocardial cell structure disappeared at 156 hours after death.

Conclusions:
Our results revealed evident postmortem changes in the myocardial CT value of the heart. Accordingly, measuring the myocardial CT value through PMCT shows promise for being used as a parameter for PMI estimation in forensic medicine and is worthy of further studies. The morphological changes of the myocardial tissue structure after death provide morphological basis for postmortem changes of tissue density, and further prove the reasons for the changes of CT value.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of Ayurveda pharmacists toward pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction reporting
Authors: Naik Raghavendra , Shubhashree MN , Chandrasekharan Chandini , Bhat Sulochana 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Reporting adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is an important part of pharmacovigilance practice. Considering the significance of this area, the Ministry of AYUSH has introduced a new Central Sector scheme for promoting pharmacovigilance of Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homoeopathy (ASU&H) drugs. Being key health-care professionals, physicians, pharmacists, technicians, and nurses have immense responsibility in effective implementation of pharmacovigilance programs through the surveillance and reporting of ADRs.

Objective:
The present study was planned with an objective to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of Ayurveda pharmacists toward pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 22 pretested questions about KAP regarding ADRs and pharmacovigilance in a Google form were made available to 170 Ayurveda pharmacists at their workplace by e-mail.

Results:
In the present study, total, 80 responses were received, yielding a response rate of 47%. Most of the participants (81.5%) had knowledge about the pharmacovigilance program for ASU&H drugs and also the location of their nearest pharmacovigilance center. At the same time, 34.6% among them were not aware that a specific format is available for reporting ADRs and only 42% had the knowledge that the Ministry of AYUSH is monitoring the pharmacovigilance program for ASU&H drugs in India. However, most of them (95.1%) thought that it was their responsibility to report ADRs and 92.6% of the participants wanted to make ADR reporting mandatory to pharmacists. More than half of the participants (55.6%) had come across ADRs at their workplace, and the majority of them (72.8%) had reported them. More than half of the pharmacists (51.9%) who were involved in the program revealed that they had faced problems while reporting ADRs at their workplace.

Conclusion:
Even though there was a positive attitude toward ADR reporting, limited knowledge about the importance of the program needed to be addressed through educational initiatives, regular sensitization, and awareness programs.
Prevalence of Chittodvega (anxiety disorder) symptoms in Indian village of Nagnur in Telangana
Authors: Ranade Manjiri A. 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:

Charaka has described Chittodvega (anxious state of mind) as Manas Dosha Vicar (mental disorders). The signs and symptoms described by charaka are very much similar to an anxious state of mind. Still, the studies done in Ayurveda to assess the prevalence of Chittodvega have used modern definitions of Chittodvega. Hence it is suggested that assessing the prevalence of Chittodvega based on Acharya Charaka symptomatology and assigning a numerical rating scale (NRS) to it.

Materials and Methods:
This is a community-based cross-sectional study done in the Nagnur Village in Karimnagar District in Telangana. The symptoms described by Charka were tested on a 10-point Likert NRS. The NRS less than 4 is considered mild Chittodvega, 4–7 is considered moderate Chittodvega, and more than 7 is considered severe Chittodvega. The data thus obtained were analyzed.

Results:

Chittodvega was equally distributed among various age groups and different sociodemographic status among 100 study participants. The prevalence of Chittodvega assessed by different symptomatology varied between 16% and 55%. Nidra Nasha (lack of sleep) and Krodha (anger) were the most common symptoms, whereas Udvega (distress) was the least common symptom.

Conclusion:
There is a high prevalence of Chittodvega symptoms in the rural population. There is an urgent need to tackle this hidden problem in the population, as it can burden normal living beings. Our study gives an insight into making decisions regarding the need for agencies to make targeted efforts to tackle this rarely explored but very common mental health issue.
Risk factors of severe dengue in children
Authors: Naaraayan Sridevi A. , Sundar Kuthanoor Chinnasamy 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease whose severity varies from a mild undifferentiated fever to severe fatal form. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and risk factors of severe dengue.

Subjects and Methods:
This nested case–control study was done in a medical college hospital in South India from October 2019 to January 2020. Children between 1 month and 12 years of age who presented with fever without focus and tested positive for dengue serology were included. Demographic data, anthropometry, clinical features, and laboratory parameters were noted down from all children. Severity of illness was classified according to the World Health Organization dengue guidelines 2009. Prevalence of severe dengue was expressed in proportion with 95% confidence interval (CI). Bivariate analysis was performed using Chi-square test, Fisher's test, and Student's t-test, and a P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Out of 370 children, 192 (51.9%) had dengue without warning signs, 168 (45.4%) had dengue with warning signs, and 10 had severe dengue. The prevalence (95% CI) of severe dengue was 2.7% (1.3%–4.9%). Abdominal pain/tenderness (odd's ratio [OR] - 7.429), facial puffiness (OR - 4.333), hepatomegaly (OR - 3.857), and pleural effusion (OR - 13.222) were the significant risk factors for severe dengue.

Conclusions:
The significant risk factors for severe dengue were abdominal pain/tenderness, facial puffiness, hepatomegaly, and pleural effusion.
Genome assembly and annotation of the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum): an emblematic fish of the Amazon River Basin
Authors: Hilsdorf Alexandre Wagner Silva , Uliano-Silva Marcela , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann , Montenegro Horácio , Almeida-Val Vera Maria Fonseca , Pinhal Danillo 
Published: September 2021

Colossoma macropomum, known as “tambaqui”, is the largest Characiformes fish in the Amazon River Basin and a leading species in Brazilian aquaculture and fisheries. Good quality meat and excellent adaptability to culture systems are some of its remarkable farming features. To support studies into the genetics and genomics of the tambaqui, we have produced the first high-quality genome for the species. We combined Illumina and PacBio sequencing technologies to generate a reference genome, assembled with 39× coverage of long reads and polished to a consensus quality value (QV) of 36 with 130× coverage of short reads. The genome was assembled into 1269 scaffolds (a total of 1,221,847,006 bases), with a scaffold N50 size of 40 Mb, where 93% of all assembled bases were placed in the largest 54 scaffolds corresponding to the diploid karyotype of the tambaqui. Furthermore, the NCBI Annotation Pipeline annotated genes, pseudogenes, and non-coding transcripts using the RefSeq database as evidence, guaranteeing a high-quality annotation. A Genome Data Viewer for the tambaqui was produced, which will benefit groups interested in exploring the unique genomic features of the species. The availability of a highly accurate genome assembly for tambaqui provides the foundation for the discovery of novel ecological and evolutionary insights, and is a helpful resource for aquaculture.
Assumption of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in mucopolysaccharidoses
Authors: Osipova Liliya Aleksandrovna , Kuzenkova Lyudmila Mikhailovna 
Published: September 2021

Background: Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are a group of lysosomal storage diseases, resulted from glycosaminoglycans’ breakdown failure (GAGs). The study aims to determine the presence of thrombocytopenia, its prevalence, clinical implication, and correlation with the types of MPSs and with the types of glycosaminoglycans storage.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of complete blood count data was conducted among 108 children with a confirmed diagnosis of MPS in the National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Russian Federation. STATISTICA 10 (Stat Soft, Inc. 1984-2011) was used for statistical analysis. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The median age of children was 65 [IQR: 41; 102] months, range: 3 – 102 months. The male to female ratio was 3:1. The prevalence of fluctuating or persistent thrombocytopenia in all children with MPS was 19.0%. Thrombocytopenia occurred in patients with MPS I (14.0%), II (19.0%), and III (31.0%). Neither of the patients with MPS IV nor VI demonstrated low platelet count. There was a non-significant predominance (P=0.068) of thrombocytopenia frequency in patients with heparan sulfate storage (22.0%) compared with patients without heparan sulfate burden (0%).
Conclusion: Routine checkups of patients with MPSs must include complete blood count with platelet measurement. Cases of thrombocytopenia that requiring treatment, immunomodulatory/ immunosuppressive therapy should be considered. Further research is needed to look for the laboratory confirmation of autoimmune variants of HIT in patients with MPS I, II, III.
Imperative Sentences in Java Ngoko in North Sumatra
Authors: Astri Nanda Dwi , Pardede Oktaviandi Bertua 
Published: September 2021

This study uses a qualitative method. Qualitative method is a method that uses descriptive methods to describe data by describing related events both in writing and verbally. The research procedure consists of three stages, namely the stage of data collection, data analysis, and presentation of data analysis. The method used in data collection is the method of observing. The technique used in data collection is a free-to-conversation listening technique by observing and recording data in the form of imperative sentences in the Ngoko Javanese language in North Sumatra. The purpose of this study is to increase knowledge and increase understanding of language command sentences Java Ngoko in North Sumatra. The source of the data in this research is the people in Bandar Tengah village, Bandar Khalipa h, North Sumatra as speakers of the Javanese Ngoko language. Based on the results of the study, imperative sentences in Javanese. Ngoko contain the intent to command, prohibit, invite, order repeatedly, invite, request, be angry, and ask for help.
PENGARUH REALISASI ANGGARAN BIAYA PRODUKSI DAN REALISASI ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN (GPM) PADA PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA VIII
Authors: Marismiati Marismiati , Zakiyah Rina 
Published: September 2021

Realisasi anggaran digunakan untuk menilai baik atau buruknya kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Realisasi anggaran terdiri dari realisasi anggaran biaya produksi dan realisasi anggaran pendapatan. Realisasi anggaran biaya produski dan realisasi anggaran pendapatan berkaitan erat dengan laba perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh realisasi anggaran biaya produksi dan realisasi anggaran pendapatan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan (GPM) pada PT Perkebunan Nusantara VIII. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kuantitatif. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dengan sampel penelitian yaitu RKAP biaya produksi, RKAP pendapatan dan laporan laba rugi untuk masing masing periode 2010-2017. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan secara parsial realisasi anggaran biaya produksi tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan (GPM), dan realisasi anggaran pendapatan mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan (GPM). Kemudian secara simultan realisasi anggaran biaya produksi dan realisasi anggaran pendapatan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan (GPM) dan didukung dengan nilai koefesien determinasi sebesar 79%.
PENGARUH AKTIVA TETAP DAN MODAL KERJA TERHADAP LABA BERSIH SETELAH PAJAK PENGHASILAN PADA PERUSAHAAN BUMN DIBIDANG PERDAGANGAN (STUDI KASUS PT. PERUSAHAAN PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA (PERSERO), PT . SARINAH (PERSERO) DAN PERUM BULOG) 2012-2016
Authors: Satria M Rizal , Thamrin Titani An Niza 
Published: September 2021

Setiap perusahaan pada umumnya didirikan untuk menghasilkan keuntungan yang lebih atas investasi yang telah ditanamkan untuk kelangsungan hidup usaha dan perkembangan perusahaan itu sendiri, dan menghasilkan keuntungan atau laba menjadi perhatian utama dalam setiap perusahaa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aktiva tetap dan modal kerja terhadap laba bersih setelah pajak penghasilan perusahaan BUMN dibidang perdagangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif bersifat asosiatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah primer dengan sampel laporan keuangan tahun 2012-2016. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh korelasi sebesar 0,658 hal ini menunjukkan hubungan yang kuat antara variabel independen yaitu aktiva tetap (X1) dan modal kerja (X2) terhadap variabel dependen yaitu laba bersih setelah pajak penghasilan (Y). Hasil uji t statistik menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial aktiva tetap berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap laba bersih setelah pajak penghasilan, dan secara parsial modal kerja berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap laba bersih setelah pajak penghasilan.
INFLUENCE OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM ON CREDIT DIGITIZATION IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN NAIROBI, KENYA
Authors: KAMAU JEREMIAH , Pedo Maurice 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Therefore, the study sought to establish the influence of PMIS on credit digitization in commercial banks in Kenya.
Methodology: The target population for the study was the 42 commercial banks in Kenya. The study employed a descriptive survey design and was census of the 42 commercial banks head offices in Nairobi, Kenya. Data was collected by use of a structured questionnaire. The data was cleaned, coded and analyzed using a Statistical software (SPSS). The findings were presented in form of tables, charts and graphs. Descriptive statistics were deduced from the data. From this, inferential statistics were presented and associations drawn. Regression analysis was interpreted and appropriate conclusions made.
Findings: The findings from regression analysis showed that expertise of the project team, end-user involvement, project risk management and project monitoring and evaluation positively and significantly influence credit digitalization in Kenyan Commercial banks.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study was guided by the lenses of Stakeholder Management theory, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Disruptive Innovation from which the study operationalized the variables of PMIS Implementation and Credit Digitization. Banks should conduct training to all team members before commencement and during project execution. Moreover banks should involve customers in testing of projects before launching and should consider the feedback from customers
European Contract Law
Authors: Schulze Reiner , Zoll Fryderyk 
Published: September 2021

European contract law is not only a key aspect of European private law but also plays a highly important role in the development of contract law at national level. However, European contract law is often an unfamiliar subject as its content, methods and objectives are overshadowed by national laws.
This book therefore provides fundamental information about the content, methods and objectives of European legislation in the field of contract law and explains the interaction between the legislator, judges and academics during the creation of European contract law. It attempts to show how a system arises from the dialogue between the different sources. It therefore focusses not only on current EU legislation but also the extensive preparatory works in which the authors of this book were actively involved.
Application of lithogeochemical and pyrite trace element data for the determination of vectors to ore in the Raja Au-Co prospect, northern Finland
Authors: Raič Sara , Molnár Ferenc , Cook Nick , O`Brien Hugh , Lahaye Yann 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Discovering ore deposits is becoming increasingly difficult, and this is particularly true in areas of glaciated terrains. As a new exploration tool for such terrains, we test the vectoring capacities of trace element and sulfur isotope characteristics of pyrite, combined with quantitative tools for whole-rock geochemical datasets. Our target is the Rajapalot gold-cobalt project in northern Finland, where metamorphosed Paleoproterozoic volcanic and-sedimentary rocks of the Peräpohja belt host recently discovered gold prospects, which also have significant cobalt enrichment. The focus is particularly put on a single gold-cobalt prospect, known as Raja, an excellent example of this unusual cobalt-enriched gold deposit, common in the metamorphosed terranes of northern Finland. The major lithologies at Rajapalot comprise variously altered and deformed calcsilicate rocks that alternate with albitized metasedimentary units, mafic volcanic rocks, mica schist and quartzite. Mineralization at Rajapalot prospects is characterized by an older Co-mineralizing event and a younger high-grade Au-mineralization with re-mobilization and re-deposition of Co. Detailed in situ laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is a powerful technique that produces the robust trace element and sulfur isotope databases from paragenetically and texturally well-characterized pyrite from the Raja prospect. The results are treated with appropriate log-ratio transformations and used for multivariate statistical data analysis, such as the computation of principal components. Application of these methods revealed that elements such as Co, Ni, Cu, Au, As, Ag, Mo, Bi, Te, Se, Sn, U, Tl and W have high vectoring capacities to discriminate between Co-only and Au-Co zones, as well as between mineralization stages. The systematic pyrite study suggests that homogenous sulfur isotopic characteristics (1.3 ‰ to +5.9 ‰.) and positive loadings of Co, Se, As, Te, Bi and Au onto PC1 are reflective of an early stage of Co-mineralization, while the opposing negative loadings of Mo, Ni, W, Tl, Cu and Ag along PC1 are associated with the Au-mineralizing event. The sulfur isotopic signature of the latter pyrite type is between −1.2 ‰ and +7.4 ‰. Subtle patterns recognized from the whole-rock geochemistry favor an As-Au-Se-Te-W-U signature along the positive axis of PC1 for the localization of high-grade Au-Co-zones, whereas the element group Ni, Cu, Co, Te, Se and As, which has negative loadings onto PC2, will predict Co-only zones. This study shows the efficiency of trace element geochemistry in mineral exploration targeting, which has the capacity to define future targets by characterizing the metallogenic potential of a host rock, as well as distinguishing various stages of mineralization.