bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La formation des professionnels de l’information documentaire au Mali : enjeux, problèmes et perspectives
Authors: Diarra Mohamed 
Published: February 2021

Ouverte en 2004 à l’Université de Bamako, au Mali, la filière Métiers du livre, des archives et de la documentation a formé plusieurs promotions de bibliothécaires, documentalistes et archivistes pour l’administration publique, les entreprises publiques et privées. Après seize années d’existence, où en est-on ? Telle est la principale question à laquelle répond l’article, qui expose les enjeux, les problèmes et les perspectives d’une expérience de formation courte, professionnalisante et toujours porteuse d’espoir au Mali et en France, chez les partenaires de l’IUT2, composante de l’Université Grenoble Alpes.
Du document au dossier : changement de paradigme dans la formation en archivistique au Bénin
Authors: Ogui Jupiter , Sounnouvou Etienne , Azanmavo Jérôme , Osséni Kadidjath Kouboura , Mahoussi Wenceslas , Mêgnigbeto Eustache 
Published: February 2021

Le programme de formation en archivistique mis en place au début des années 1980 en République du Bénin s’est inspiré du modèle élaboré au lendemain de la Révolution française et longtemps mis en oeuvre par l’École nationale des chartes. Une évaluation récente a révélé trois absences fondamentales dans l’enseignement : 1) compétences en gestion des documents actifs ; 2) normes de description archivistique ; et 3) outils d’indexation matière. En réponse, un nouveau programme de formation a été conçu.
L’article décrit les difficultés rencontrées dans la gestion des archives dans l’administration et dans les entreprises au Bénin, et la solution qu’apporte l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi.
A-t-il jamais existé un modèle de l’étiquetage ?
Authors: Becker Howard , Cefaï Daniel 
Published: February 2021

La sociologie des problèmes sociaux a connu un tournant dans les années 1960
avec l’émergence d’une nouvelle façon de traiter la « déviance » dans des livres et
des articles de Howard Becker, Erving Goffman, Joseph Gusfield, Fred Davis, Aaron
Cicourel et quelques autres. Cet article revient sur ce moment clé. En dépouillant
la revue Social Problems (1961-1965), il remet en cause l’idée qu’aurait
existé une « école de l’étiquetage » bien unifiée. Il rappelle l’importance de la
Société pour l’étude des problèmes sociaux et du Centre d’études sur le droit et la
société de Berkeley comme cadres institutionnels de ce tournant. Il examine la
nouveauté des approches que l’on qualifiera plus tard d’interactionnistes et
d’ethnométhodologiques. Il passe en revue les catégories de réaction sociétale,
carrières et cultures, croisade morale et contrôle social — depuis devenues
classiques. Et il repose une série de questions qui vaudront désormais pour l’étude
des problèmes publics : qui subit et qui agit ? Qui compte et mesure ? Qui accuse et
condamne ? Qui surveille et punit ?
Pour une histoire de l’imaginaire social
Authors: Gagnon Alex 
Published: February 2021

Longtemps associée à des perspectives archétypologiques soucieuses de débusquer les matrices universelles du fait symbolique, la notion d’« imaginaire » a souvent été suspectée par les historiens ; avec l’émergence de l’histoire culturelle dès les années 1980, elle a pourtant fini par s’imposer, avec sa déclinaison « sociale », dans l’arsenal conceptuel de la recherche historique, où elle suscite depuis un engouement manifeste. Cette entrée de l’« imaginaire social » dans l’éventail des préoccupations de l’histoire sociale et culturelle n’a cependant jamais été véritablement accompagnée par un effort de clarification conceptuelle, les mises au point faisant encore aujourd’hui défaut. En partant d’un survol des usages du concept d’imaginaire social au sein des sciences humaines et sociales, s’inspirant par ailleurs des apports fondamentaux venus de la philosophie et de la sociocritique du texte littéraire, cet article entend combler cette lacune : offrant une synthèse théorique utile autour de la notion, il en propose une théorisation susceptible de définir et d’unifier ce champ de la recherche qu’on appelle parfois aujourd’hui « histoire des imaginaires sociaux ».
Report on seafood, food law, and food waste
Authors: Poto Margherita Paola 
Published: February 2021

The overall objective for the Sjømat og rettssystemet project is to develop a multidisciplinary task team with a core of interest in food law-related research, and with a focus on the seafood industry in Norway. This work is based on the work carried out during the workshop on “Sjømat og rettssystemet” (Seafood and Food Law), on December 6th 2019, at the Faculty of Law, UiT The Arctic University of Norway. It contains an analysis of the current challenges of the food systems with regard to the problem of food loss and waste. It aims to serve as a basis for the development of a collection of best practices and solutions to food loss and waste.
The analysis provides the state-of-the-art on the international, European and national legislation on food waste, as well as a description of the solutions provided to the food waste emergency in the seafood field in Norway. Based on the analysis, we conclude that each component (the legal and practical perspectives) is relevant to build up a common framework on the problem of food loss and waste in Norway and beyond.
Adverse Drug Effects and Non-Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in Nigeria: A Review
Authors: Okuku Mary Obidiya , Dan-Jumbo Alali 
Published: February 2021

Objectives: This review aims to assess the link between adverse drug effects and non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Nigeria.
Methodology: Databases were searched namely PubMed, Web of science core collection, Science direct, Global Health (CABI) and MEDLINE. Fifteen (15) primary articles (studies carried out in Nigeria) met the inclusion criteria and were selected for the review. The primary articles selected for the review were analyzed and critiqued.
Results: The articles selected for review showed that adverse drug effects is a barrier to adherence to ART.
Conclusion: The review conclude that adverse drug effect is a barrier to adherence to ART among PLWHA in Nigeria and recommends patient education on side effects of ART, the need for regular exercises, eating healthy meals and the need for physicians to simplify the regimen with regards to the amount of medication to take and the timing.
Pre-treatment Depression and Anxiety Disorder in Men with Cancer of the Prostate in South Western Nigeria
Authors: Temi Adegun Patrick , Usman Dada Mobolaji , Ademola Idowu , Emmanuel Omonisi Abidemi , Olutoyin Oluwole Lateef , Adetunji Obadeji 
Published: February 2021

Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the pre-treatment prevalence and associated factors of anxiety and depression in men with cancer of the prostate.
Study Design: This is a prospective, cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration: The urology unit of Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti. Ekiti State, Nigeria. The study period was from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2019.
Methodology: A total of 46 consented male participants recently diagnosed with cancer of the prostate (CAP) were assessed for depression and anxiety disorders using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Participants also completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, an 8-item International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) and a quality of life questionnaire (BS).
Results: Forty-three and half percent (43.5%) of the participants suffered depression; anxiety disorder occurred in 21.7% of the participants. Only 2.2% of the participants had anxiety disorder without depression, while 23.9% had depression without anxiety disorder. Significant level of poor quality of life (QoL) was found among participants with depression and anxiety disorder. Having one psychiatric morbidity was associated with having another. Age of participants and other sociodemographic parameters were not associated with psychiatric morbidity.
Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of anxiety disorder and depression among patients with cancer of the prostate. Assessment of these disorders should be included in the management of patients with prostate cancer to enhance early detection and prompt treatment for better patients’ clinical outcome.
Features of the learner, task, and instructional environment that predict cognitive load types during patient handoffs: Implications for instruction
Authors: Young John Q. , Thakker Krima , John Majnu , Friedman Karen , Sugarman Rebekah , Sewell Justin L. , O'Sullivan Patricia S. 
Published: February 2021

SummaryWe used the cognitive load inventory for handoffs (CLIH) to identify predictors of cognitive load types during patient handoffs in order to identify opportunities to improve instruction. In 2019, out of a total of 1,807 residents and fellows within a 24‐hospital health system, 693 (38.4%) completed the CLIH after a patient handoff. Multivariable regression yielded predictors for each cognitive load type. Intrinsic load associated with features of the learner (fatigue positively associated) and task (higher complexity clinical setting, number of patients, and handoff length positively associated). Extraneous load associated with learner (fatigue positively associated, and number of times trained in the verbal protocol negatively associated) and task design (number of sources of written information positively associated). Germane load associated with learner (level of training negatively associated, and fatigue positively associated) and instructional environment (interruptions negatively associated and formal feedback positively associated). Implications for instructional design are explored.
Biopolymer Nanoscale Assemblies as Building Blocks for New Materials: A Review
Authors: Pei Ying , Wang Lu , Tang Keyong , Kaplan David L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBiopolymers, a class of fascinating polymers from biomass provide sustainability, biodegradability, availability, biocompatibility, and unique properties. A ubiquitous feature of biopolymers is their hierarchical structure, with the presence of well‐organized structures from the nanoscale to macroscopic dimensions. This structural organization endows biopolymers with toughness, defect resistance, and bucking adaptability. To retain these inherent structural features, nano‐structural assemblies isolated from biomass have been applied as building blocks to construct new biopolymer‐based materials. This top‐down processing strategy is distinct from the more traditional molecular‐level bottom‐up design and assembly approach for new materials. In this review, the hierarchical structures of several representative biopolymers (cellulose, chitin, silk, collagen) are introduced with a focus on these nanoscale building blocks, as well as highlighting the similarities and differences in the respective chemistries and structures. Recent progress in production strategies of these natural building blocks are summarized, covering methods and treatments used for isolations. Finally, approaches and emerging applications of biopolymer‐based materials using these natural nano‐ and meso‐scale building blocks are demonstrated in areas of biomedicine, electronics, environmental, packaging, sensing, foods, and cosmetics.
NSCs Migration Promoted and Drug Delivered Exosomes‐Collagen Scaffold via a Bio‐Specific Peptide for One‐Step Spinal Cord Injury Repair
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Fan Caixia , Hao Wangping , Zhuang Yan , Liu Xiru , Zhao Yannan , Chen Bing , Xiao Zhifeng , Chen Yanyan , Dai Jianwu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is plaguing medical professionals globally due to the complexity of injury progression. Based on tissue engineering technology, there recently emerges a promising way by integrating drugs with suitable scaffold biomaterials to mediate endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) to achieve one‐step SCI repair. Herein, exosomes extracted from human umbilical cord‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MExos) are found to promote the migration of NSCs in vitro/in vivo. Utilizing MExos as drug delivery vehicles, a NSCs migration promoted and paclitaxel (PTX) delivered MExos‐collagen scaffold is designed via a novel dual bio‐specificity peptide (BSP) to effectively retain MExos within scaffolds. By virtue of the synergy that MExos recruit endogenous NSCs to the injured site, and PTX induce NSCs to give rise to neurons, this multifunctional scaffold has shown superior performance for motor functional recovery after complete SCI in rats by enhancing neural regeneration and reducing scar deposition. Besides, the dual bio‐specific peptide demonstrates the capacity of tethering other cells‐derived exosomes on collagen scaffold, such as erythrocytes‐derived or NSCs‐derived exosomes on collagen fibers or membranes. The resulting exosomes‐collagen scaffold may serve as a potential multifunctional therapy modality for various disease treatments including SCI.
Dual Laser Study of Non‐Degenerate Two Wavelength Upconversion Demonstrated in Sensitizer‐Free NaYF4:Pr Nanoparticles
Authors: de Prinse Thomas J. , Karami Afshin , Moffatt Jillian E. , Payten Thomas B. , Tsiminis Georgios , Teixeira Lewis Da Silva , Bi Jingxiu , Kee Tak W. , Klantsataya Elizaveta , Sumby Christopher J. , Spooner Nigel A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the upconversion pathways of a rare‐earth dopant is crucial to furthering the use of that material, either toward applications in imaging or elsewhere. This work outlines a new analysis approach that consists of using two synchronized widely‐tunable laser sources to explore the properties of upconverting materials. By examining sensitizer‐free rare‐earth nanoparticles based on a matrix of hexagonal sodium yttrium tetrafluoride (β‐NaYF4) doped with praseodymium but no ytterbium sensitizer, a “non‐degenerate” two‐color upconversion fluorescence at a combined excitation of 1020–850 nm is shown. This insight demonstrates the ability of this technique to locate and interrogate novel upconversion pathways. The dopant level of the nanoparticles could be modified without altering other factors, such as the particle's shape or size, that would also change optical properties and this allows investigation of the dopant‐level dependency of the optical properties. The approach also allows exploration of the time delay domain between the arrival times of the two non‐degenerate excitation pulses, which allows modulation of the brightness from the visible light emissions. This work opens up the parameter space for the systematic synthesis and characterization of new materials with non‐degenerate upconversion emission.
Does Through‐Space Charge Transfer in Bipolar Hosts Affect the Efficiency of Blue OLEDs?
Authors: Macionis Simas , Gudeika Dalius , Volyniuk Dmytro , Bezvikonnyi Oleksandr , Andruleviciene Viktorija , Lee Jiun Haw , Fan Bo‐An , Chen Chia‐Hsun , Lin Bo‐Yen , Chiu Tien‐Lung , Grazulevicius Juozas V. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAdditional energy loss pathways which occur in blue electrophosphorescent devices via through‐space charge transfer (TSCT) states of bipolar hosts are identified for the first time in this study. Blue phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (PhOLEDs) with maximum external quantum efficiency from 22.7 to 30.5% are fabricated using new bipolar derivatives of benzimidazole, linked through phenyl spacer with different number of tert‐butyl substituted carbazoles, as hosts. Applicability of the newly synthesized compounds as hosts for blue PhOLEDs is justified by their high triplet levels (2.94–2.98 eV), bipolar charge‐transporting properties with charge mobilities up to 2.34 × 10−3 cm2 V−1 s−1 at electric field of 2.7 × 105 V cm−1, and high ionization potentials (5.63–5.81 eV). Weak microsecond‐lived emission, which is attributed to TSCT, is detected for the developed bipolar hosts. The different efficiencies of the fabricated PhOLEDs are partly related to energy losses via TSCT states, the presence of which is detected for the developed donor–acceptor hosts in both solution and solid‐state. To prevent energy losses through TSCT in PhOLEDs, the excited state energy of emitter has to be lower than triplet levels of bipolar host. It also has to be lower than the TSCT energy level of bipolar host for the fabrication highly efficient PhOLEDs.
LncRNA Lnc‐APUE is Repressed by HNF4α and Promotes G1/S Phase Transition and Tumor Growth by Regulating MiR‐20b/E2F1 Axis
Authors: Li Song‐Yang , Zhu Ying , Li Ruo‐Nan , Huang Jia‐Hui , You Kai , Yuan Yun‐Fei , Zhuang Shi‐Mei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMany long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been annotated, but their functions remain unknown. The authors found a novel lnc‐APUE (lncRNA accelerating proliferation by upregulating E2F1) that is upregulated in different cancer types, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and high lnc‐APUE level is associated with short recurrence‐free survival (RFS) of HCC patients. Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function analyses showed that lnc‐APUE accelerated G1/S transition and tumor cell growth in vitro and allows hepatoma xenografts to grow faster in vivo. Mechanistically, lnc‐APUE binds to miR‐20b and relieves its repression on E2F1 expression, resulting in increased E2F1 level and accelerated G1/S phase transition and cell proliferation. Consistently, lnc‐APUE level is positively associated with the expression of E2F1 and its downstream target genes in HCC tissues. Further investigations disclose that hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) binds to the lnc‐APUE promoter, represses lnc‐APUE transcription, then diminishes E2F1 expression and cell proliferation. HNF4α expression is reduced in HCC tissues and low HNF4α level is correlated with high lnc‐APUE expression. Collectively, a HNF4α/lnc‐APUE/miR‐20b/E2F1 axis in which HNF4α represses lnc‐APUE expression and keeps E2F1 at a low level is identified. In tumor cells, HNF4α downregulation leads to lnc‐APUE upregulation, which prevents the inhibition of miR‐20b on E2F1 expression and thereby promotes cell cycle progression and tumor growth.
Colloidal HgTe Quantum Dot/Graphene Phototransistor with a Spectral Sensitivity Beyond 3 µm
Authors: Grotevent Matthias J. , Hail Claudio U. , Yakunin Sergii , Bachmann Dominik , Calame Michel , Poulikakos Dimos , Kovalenko Maksym V. , Shorubalko Ivan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInfrared light detection enables diverse technologies ranging from night vision to gas analysis. Emerging technologies such as low‐cost cameras for self‐driving cars require highly sensitive, low‐cost photodetector cameras with spectral sensitivities up to wavelengths of 10 µm. For this purpose, colloidal quantum dot (QD) graphene phototransistors offer a viable alternative to traditional technologies owing to inexpensive synthesis and processing of QDs. However, the spectral range of QD/graphene phototransistors is thus far limited to 1.6 µm. Here, HgTe QD/graphene phototransistors with spectral sensitivity up to 3 µm are presented, with specific detectivities of 6 × 108 Jones at a wavelength of 2.5 µm and a temperature of 80 K. Even at kHz light modulation frequencies, specific detectivities exceed 108 Jones making them suitable for fast video imaging. The simple device architecture and QD film patterning in combination with a broad spectral sensitivity manifest an important step toward low‐cost, multi‐color infrared cameras.
Machine‐Learning‐Assisted Autonomous Humidity Management System Based on Solar‐Regenerated Super Hygroscopic Complex
Authors: Zhang Xueping , Yang Jiachen , Qu Hao , Yu Zhi Gen , Nandakumar Dilip Krishna , Zhang Yaoxin , Tan Swee Ching 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHigh levels of humidity can induce thermal discomfort and consequent health disorders. However, proper utilization of this astounding resource as a freshwater source can aid in alleviating water scarcity. Herein, a low‐energy and highly efficient humidity control system is reported comprising of an in‐house developed desiccant dehumidifier and hygrometer (sensor), with an autonomous operation capability that can realize simultaneous dehumidification and freshwater production. The high efficiency and energy saving mainly come from the deployed super hygroscopic complex (SHC), which exhibits high water uptake (4.64 g g−1) and facile regeneration. Machine‐learning‐assisted in‐house developed low cost and high precision hygrometers enable the autonomous operation of the humidity management system. The dehumidifier can reduce the relative humidity (RH) of a confined room from 75% to 60% in 15 minutes with energy consumption of 0.05 kWh, saving more than 60% of energy compared with the commercial desiccant dehumidifiers, and harvest 10 L of atmospheric water in 24 h. Moreover, the reduction in RH from 80% to 60% at 32 °C results in the reduction of apparent temperature by about 7 °C, thus effectively improving the thermal comfort of the inhabitants.
Increased APOE ε4 expression is associated with the difference in Alzheimer's disease risk from diverse ancestral backgrounds
Authors: Griswold Anthony J. , Celis Katrina , Bussies Parker L. , Rajabli Farid , Whitehead Patrice L. , Hamilton‐Nelson Kara L. , Beecham Gary W. , Dykxhoorn Derek M. , Nuytemans Karen , Wang Liyong , Gardner Olivia K. , Dorfsman Daniel A. , Bigio Eileen H. , Mesulam Marek Marsel , Weintraub Sandra , Geula Changiz , Gearing Marla , McGrath‐Martinez Elisa , Dalgard Clifton L. , Scott William K. , Haines Jonathan L. , Pericak‐Vance Margaret A. , Young Juan I. , Vance Jeffery M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionApolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 confers less risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in carriers with African local genomic ancestry (ALA) than APOE ε4 carriers with European local ancestry (ELA). Cell type specific transcriptional variation between the two local ancestries (LAs) could contribute to this disease risk differences.MethodsSingle‐nucleus RNA sequencing was performed on frozen frontal cortex of homozygous APOE ε4/ε4 AD patients: seven with ELA, four with ALA.ResultsA total of 60,908 nuclei were sequenced. Within the LA region (chr19:44‐46Mb), APOE was the gene most differentially expressed, with ELA carriers having significantly more expression (overall P < 1.8E–317) in 24 of 32 cell clusters. The transcriptome of one astrocyte cluster, with high APOE ε4 expression and specific to ELA, is suggestive of A1 reactive astrocytes.DiscussionAD patients with ELA expressed significantly greater levels of APOE than ALA APOE ε4 carriers. These differences in APOE expression could contribute to the reduced risk for AD seen in African APOE ε4 carriers.
Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Ethanol: An Approach to Transforming Greenhouse Gas to Fuel Source
Authors: Du Juan , Zhang Peng , Liu Huizhen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractConverting carbon dioxide (CO2) into high‐value fuels or chemicals is considered as a promising way to utilize CO2 and alleviate the excessive greenhouse gas emission. Among multiple catalysis approaches, electrochemical reduction of CO2 to ethanol has an important prospect due to the high energy density and widely applications of ethanol. In recent years, many electrocatalysts for CO2 reduce reaction (CO2RR) have shown promising catalytic activity for ethanol production. In this review, we will introduce the recent progress in this field. The basic principles and electrochemical performances of CO2RR are reviewed at first. Then, several categories of active electrocatalysts for CO2RR to ethanol are summarized, including the discussion of reaction mechanism and catalytic sites. Finally, several possible strategies are proposed, providing guidance for future design and preparation of high‐performance catalysts.