bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circumgalactic Mg ii Emission from an Isotropic Starburst Galaxy Outflow Mapped by KCWI
Authors: Burchett Joseph N. , Rubin Kate H. R. , Prochaska J. Xavier , Coil Alison L. , Vaught Ryan Rickards , Hennawi Joseph F. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present spatially resolved spectroscopy from the Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI) of a star-forming galaxy at z = 0.6942, which shows emission from the Mg ii
λ
λ2796, 2803 doublet in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) extending ∼37 kpc at 3σ significance in individual spaxels (1σ detection limit 4.8 × 10−19 erg s−1 cm−2 arcsec−2). The target galaxy, selected from a near-UV spectroscopic survey of Mg ii line profiles at 0.3 < z < 1.4, has a stellar mass log (M
*/M
⊙) = 9.9, a star formation rate of 50 M
⊙ yr−1, and a morphology indicative of a merger. After deconvolution with the seeing, we obtain 5σ detections of Mg ii line emission extending for ∼31 kpc measured in 7-spaxel (1.1 arcsec2) apertures. Spaxels covering the galaxy stellar regions show clear P Cygni−like emission/absorption profiles, with the blueshifted absorption extending to relative velocities of v = −800 km s−1; however, the P Cygni profiles give way to pure emission at large radii from the central galaxy. We have performed 3D radiative transfer modeling to infer the geometry and velocity and density profiles of the outflowing gas. Our observations are most consistent with an isotropic outflow rather than biconical wind models with half-opening angles ϕ ≤ 80°. Furthermore, our modeling suggests that a wind velocity profile that decreases with radius is necessary to reproduce the velocity widths and strengths of Mg ii line emission profiles at large circumgalactic radii. The extent of the Mg ii emission we measure directly is further corroborated by our modeling, where we rule out outflow models with extent <30 kpc.
Reflection Modeling of the Black Hole Binary 4U 1630–47: The Disk Density and Returning Radiation
Authors: Connors Riley M. T. , García Javier A. , Tomsick John , Hare Jeremy , Dauser Thomas , Grinberg Victoria , Steiner James F. , Mastroserio Guglielmo , Sridhar Navin , Fabian Andrew C. , Jiang Jiachen , Parker Michael L. , Harrison Fiona , Kallman Timothy R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present the analysis of X-ray observations of the black hole binary 4U 1630−47 using relativistic reflection spectroscopy. We use archival data from the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer, Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, and Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array observatories, taken during different outbursts of the source between 1998 and 2015. Our modeling includes two relatively new advances in modern reflection codes: high-density disks, and returning thermal disk radiation. Accretion disks around stellar-mass black holes are expected to have densities well above the standard value assumed in traditional reflection models (i.e., n
e ∼ 1015 cm−3). New high-density reflection models have important implications in the determination of disk truncation (i.e., the disk inner radius). This is because one must retain self-consistency in the irradiating flux and corresponding disk ionization state, which is a function of disk density and system geometry. We find that the disk density is n
e ≥ 1020 cm−3 across all spectral states. This density, combined with our constraints on the ionization state of the material, implies an irradiating flux impinging on the disk that is consistent with the expected theoretical estimates. Returning thermal disk radiation—the fraction of disk photons that bend back to the disk producing additional reflection components—is expected predominantly in the soft state. We show that returning radiation models indeed provide a better fit to the soft-state data, reinforcing previous results that show that in the soft state, the irradiating continuum may be blackbody emission from the disk itself.
Catalog and Statistical Examinations of Lyα Solar Flares from GOES/EUVS-E Measurements
Authors: Lu Lei , Feng Li , Li Dong , Ying Beili , Li Hui , Gan Weiqun , Li Youping , Zhou Jiujiu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Lyman-alpha (Lyα) line of neutral hydrogen at 121.6 nm is by far the brightest emission line in the vacuum ultraviolet spectral range of the Sun. The emission at this line could be a major energy input to the upper layers of the Earth’s atmosphere, strongly impacting the geospace environment. The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) series, starting with GOES-13, began to carry a multichannel Extreme UltraViolet Sensor (EUVS) with one channel (E-channel) targeting the Lyα line. In the present work, we produce a Lyα flare catalog from the GOES-15/EUVS-E data between 2010 April 8 and 2016 June 6 with an automatic flare detection algorithm. This algorithm is designed to search events at various scales and find their real start and end times. Based on the obtained flare list, statistics on the temporal behavior such as the duration, rise, and decay times, and the event asymmetries of Lyα flares is presented. On average (defined by the median of the distributions), the duration, rise and decay times of the flares were estimated to be 20.8 minutes, 5.6 minutes, and 14.2 minutes, respectively. We also discuss the frequency distributions of the peak flux and the fluence of Lyα flares, both of which reveal power-law behaviors with power-law indices of 2.71 ± 0.06 and 2.42 ± 0.06, respectively, implying that more flares are accumulated at small scales and these small-scale events play an important role in explaining the violent solar energy release.
The Impact of Performance Assessment System on Employee Commitment: A Study among Executive Officers of State-Owned Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka
Authors: Kumari D. A. T. , Medis Ajith 
Published: March 2021

Performance management is a much broader and a complicated function of HR, as it encompasses activities such as joint goal setting, continuous progress review and frequent communication, feedback and coaching for improved performance, implementation of employee development programs and rewarding achievements. Performance management can be regarded as a systematic process by which the overall performance of an organization can be improved by improving the performance of individuals within a team framework. It is a means for promoting superior performance by communicating expectations, defining roles within a required competence framework, and establishing achievable benchmarks. As end results, the performance appraisal positively affects to the employee commitment and it will lead to achieving corporate objectives. However, there is a public opinion about a poor performance management system in public sector organizations. Accordingly, some researchers argue that performance management of public sector commercial banks is poorer than private sector commercial banks in the Sri Lankan context. Hence, this paper focuses on the assessment of the influence of the current performance management system adopted by major state-owned commercial banks on job commitment of their executive employees. The sample for this study was drawn from executive grade employees who are working at Peoples Bank and Bank of Ceylon and data were collected by using self-administrated questionnaire. Altogether 350 questionnaires were distributed by email and 208 completed questionnaires were taken in for final analysis. The PLS based SEM was employed to measure the impact of the exogenous variable on the endogenous variable based on the Smart PLS-3. The results revealed that among the set of determinants, career development, is the most significant determinant of employee commitments among executive officers of state-owned commercial banks in Sri Lanka. Further, it was revealed that, alignment with organizational goals, is the least significant determinant of employee commitments among executive officers of state-owned commercial banks in Sri Lanka.
Internship Preparedness among Students in Healthcare-Related Fields in the Covid-19 Era: Exploring the Attitude and Knowledge in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aldhahi Monira , Almutairi Rahaf , Alluhaidan Wejdan , Alshammari Anwar , Almarzuqi Raghad , Altaleb Hanan , Alsayegh Noura , Almuaither Tarfa 
Published: March 2021

Background In the COVID-19 era, efforts are being made to increase awareness among students and enhance best practices to mitigate the outbreak. To that end, the overarching aims of this study were to understand students’ attitude toward and knowledge of COVID-19 and examine the predictors of their attitude toward hand hygiene. Design and methods This cross-sectional survey study, conducted in Saudi Arabia, enrolled interns from diverse healthcarerelated fields. The questionnaire was divided into three sections: sociodemographic data, knowledge of COVID-19, and attitude toward hand hygiene. The data was expressed as median and interquartile range (IQR). Results In all, 371 responses were analyzed. The median knowledge score was 20, which was considered good. There were no statistically significant differences across age, hospital setting, or gender. Of the 254 respondents who had attended an educational session, 167 (65%) had a good knowledge score and 83 (33%) had a moderate score, compared with only four (2%) who had a poor score. The cumulative median score of the respondents’ attitudes was 6 (IQR [2]), which reflects a suboptimal attitude - only 38 (22%) reported a good attitude. The predicted effect of knowledge on attitude (good/suboptimal) was statistically significant (p=0.02) using univariate logistic regression. Conclusions The results suggest a strong need to encourage the current training program that targets hand hygiene practices among students in healthcare-related fields, especially prior to the internship year.
Study of volumetric and dosimetric changes during fractionated radiotherapy in head and neck cancers
Authors: Kumar Viney , Nautiyal Vipul , Kant Ravi , Gupta Meenu , Bansal Saurabh , Ahmad Mushtaq 
Published: March 2021

Aims and Objective:
The assessment of volumetric and dosimetric changes in the head-and-neck cancer during fractionated radiotherapy by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) technique.

Materials and Methods:
A single-center prospective observational hospital-based study with a sample size of 20 cases of the head-and--neck squamous cell carcinoma over 1 year treated with chemoradiotherapy 66–70 Gy/33–35#@2 Gy/fraction with weekly cisplatin 35 mg/m 2. After contouring of target volumes (TVs) and organs at risk (OARs) in initial computed tomography (CT) scan, all patients were planned and treated by the IMRT technique. We re-delineated the TVs and OARs in the second (CT15#) and third (CT30#) planning CT scan, and the initial plan was implemented in the re-CT scan dataset with the same optimization and doses. The volumetric and dosimetric changes during fractionated radiotherapy of TVs and OARs were evaluated and compared. Nonparametric Wilcoxon–signed-rank test was used to compare the means between each plan.

Results:
For all 20 patients, plans were compared for volumetric and dosimetric parameters on repeat CT scans. The mean variation in gross tumor volume (GTV) and planning TV (PTV) was significant after 15 and 30 fractions of radiotherapy. On dosimetric evaluation, there was a significant increase in doses to GTV and OARs (parotid, spinal cord, and cochlea) with a significant P value. However, doses to the OARs were not exceeded the maximum tolerance limit.

Conclusion:
This prospective single-center study concluded that two repeat imaging, along with re-planning improved TV coverage and decreased doses to the normal tissue. Larger studies with more sample sizes are required to set the criteria for replanning.
IMPACT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES’ INVESTMENTS ON THE PROFITABILITY OF TUNISIAN BANKS: PANEL DATA ANALYSIS
Authors: Romdhane Syrine Ben 
Published: March 2021

This study examines the relationship between Information Technology investment and the profitability of Tunisian banks, via static and dynamic panel regression models. Our study focused on 15 Tunisian banks for 19 years (2001-2019). To assess the profitability of these banks, three measures were used: two traditional accounting ratios and net interest margin. Our research has shown the importance of the role played by IT in Tunisian banks since IT investments improve their profitability. This finding contradicts the “Productivity Paradox” that high IT investments are not associated with better performance. Indeed, Tunisian banks are acting on their size to boost their performance, and the more the banks take the risk by granting more loans, the more profitable they are by increasing their Return on Assets. Finally, public banks are more profitable than private banks when considering their net interest margin.
JEL Classification Codes: B21, C58, G21, G32, O32.
IDENTIFYING KEY BARRIERS TO CUSTOMER RETENTION IN BANKING SECTOR OF PAKISTAN
Authors:   University of the Punjab, Bin Khalid Zaid 
Published: March 2021

Objectives- The purpose of this research is to find out the barriers to customer retention in banking sector of Pakistan. This paper aims to enhance the understanding about the barriers that influence the customer retention in banking organizations. Methodology – A qualitative mathematical based technique called interpretive structural modeling (ISM) is employed to identify the barriers and to understand interaction and mutual relationships among them. Findings – Seven barriers to customer retention are identified through extensive literature review and subsequent opinions of experts from banking industry and academia. Contextual relationships have been established and ISM based model is developed to represent the mutual interaction among diagnosed barriers. The matrix cross-reference multiplication applied to a classification (MICMAC) analysis has also been carried out to classify the nature of barriers according to their dependence and driving power. Practical Implications – The adoption of ISM based hierarchical model in this study would help in understanding the barriers and provide useful insights to top managers and policymakers of banking sector who want to focus and minimize these barriers in order to retain their customers for a longer time period.
IMPACT OF SALESPERSONS’ SKILL-SETS ON SALES PERFORMANCE: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF A TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY
Authors:   Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Shafiq Kashif 
Published: March 2021

Purpose- The objective of this research article is to find out the impact of customer orientation, adaptive selling, and emotional intelligence on sales performance. Personal selling is said to be happened when a solution to the problems regarding sales, services and customers is provided by a sale representative. Methodology- It is the skill and duty of the sale representative to provide his services which provide the best match with the requirements of the customers. Total 100 questionnaires were distributed among the employees of a telecommunication company. Findings- Results show that- Salespersons who apply customer orientation are more successful in the market and Salespersons that are more adaptive in several selling situations have more competitive edge over less adaptive salespersons. Implication- Both customer orientation and adaptive selling would be high if a salesperson possesses emotional skills. Therefore, it is recommended that the recruiter should hire salespersons with high acumen on customer orientation, adaptive and emotional skills.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA BAGI SISWA SMP MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA BERBASIS APLIKASI “MOLARGA“
Authors: Prihatiningsih Anna 
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan tentang peningkatan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa menggunakan Media “ Molarga “. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus dengan subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII A yang berjumlah 34 siswa terdiri dari 20 siswa laki – laki dan 14 siswa perempuan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus, masing-masing siklus terdiri atas tahap Perencanaan Tindakan, Pengamatan, Refleksi. Sedangkan pembelajaran dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Media berbasis aplikasi “ Molarga”. Adapun data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan observasi dan nilai tes, dimana fungsi dari data yang telah diperoleh sebagai berikut: Observasi untuk mengetahui motivasi siswa dalam pembelajaran, dan nilai tes untuk mengetahui keberhasilan belajar siswa dalam memahami materi yang diajarkan. Pada kondisi awal proses pembelajaran siswa dari pengamatan langsung guru, motivasi siswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran sangat buruk dengan skor 56 .Pada siklus I proses pembelajaran, motivasi siswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran meningkat menjadi 68 (cukup). Pada siklus II proses pembelajaran, motivasi siswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran lebih meningkat lagi 94 (sangat baik). Pada kondisi awal hasil prestasi belajar, jumlah siswa tuntas 7 anak 20,59 %, belum tuntas 27 anak atau 79,41 %, nilai tertinggi 80, nilai terendah 40 nilai rata-rata 59,70. Pada siklus I hasil prestasi belajar jumlah siswa tuntas 21 atau 61,76 %, belum tuntas 13 atau 38,24%, nilai tertinggi 90 nilai terendah 50 dan rata-rata 71,47. Pada siklus II hasil prestasi belajar jumlah siswa tuntas 33 atau 99,97%, belum tuntas 1 atau 0,03 %, nilai tertinggi 100, nilai terendah 60 dan rata-rata 81,18.
Managing Sport Events
Authors: Greenwell T. Christopher , Danzey-Bussell Leigh Ann , Shonk David J. 
Published: March 2021

Whether it's a local event, state championship, or international competition, running a successful sport event requires the knowledge and skills to plan, organize, promote, lead, and communicate. Managing Sport Events presents the principles and practices related to effective event management, taking readers through the entire process from event conception through postevent evaluation. Merging research findings with best practices, Managing Sport Events is an essential text for sport event management courses and combined sport event and facilities management courses. In each chapter, key principles of event management are presented and reinforced through examples from the sport industry. Case studies from a variety of sports and settings offer a balanced, practical perspective for handling all levels of events. In addition, each chapter features a profile of an industry professional providing insights from event managers working in venues. This text also includes learning activities that challenge students to assess existing events and consider how they might manage these events differently based on information from the chapter. Numerous checklists, templates, and worksheets throughout the text demonstrate a variety of tools for successful planning and implementation of events. The accompanying instructor guide offers detailed suggestions on incorporating the text into a combined facilities and events course as well as activities and guidelines for implementing a semester-long event management project.
Managing Sport Events prepares students to enter the field with the conceptual skills to immediately engage in event production and evaluation. It also offers current industry professionals a reliable reference and professional development resource. Readers will find a comprehensive discussion of what it takes to produce a successful event:
Event conception and developmentKey planning areas, including staffing, budgeting, marketing, promotion, sponsorship, and legal and risk managementKey operational areas, including services, logistics, and on-site managementPostevent duties and considerations
Managing Sport Events integrates the traditional business segments of sport management with the unique requirements of event management. From a local youth soccer tournament to the Olympic Games, Managing Sport Events is an essential resource for current and future professionals working in parks and recreation, tourism and hospitality, and sports at the high school, college, amateur, minor league, professional, and international levels.
The Walking Solution
Authors: Scott Lee , Stanten Michele 
Published: March 2021

The Walking Solution will help you create innovative programs to engage individuals across the fitness spectrum. Introduce a program for inactive individuals to get moving, or challenge experienced clients with a new cross-training activity.
In The Walking Solution, you will discover the four progressions of walking technique, how to increase intensity, and how to incorporate strength-building exercises to get the most out of every walk. Clear instructions and photos show the dynamic and static stretches that help to ensure safety and improve performance. Case studies describe unique and successful walking programs that you can customize for your own clients. You will also learn the key business strategies that allow you to increase revenue and reach new audiences to expand your clientele. You will also get access to customizable business development resources such as waivers and marketing plans.
Cerambícidos (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) del Valle de Cusco con clave de identificación
Authors: Yabar-Landa Erick 
Published: March 2021

Se reporta la presencia de ocho especies de Cerambycidae del Valle de Cusco. El Valle de Cusco corresponde a la zona donde se asienta la ciudad del Cusco. Presenta varias microcuencas con vegetación diversa que mantienen una alta diversidad de flora y fauna. Las especies identificadas son: Parandra barclayi Santos-Silva 2015, Cotyclitus potiuna (Galileo and Martins, 2007), Megacyllene punensis Martins & Galileo, 2008, Megacyllene sp., Eurysthea sordida (Erichson, 1847), Deretrachys montanus (Tipmann, 1953), Eriocharis devestivus Monné & Martins 1973 y Alcathousites asperipennis (Fairmaire et Germain, 1864). Se incluye una clave para las especies estudiadas.
Implementasi Algoritma Naive Bayes Untuk Memprediksi Tingkat Penyebaran Covid-19 Di Indonesia
Authors: Alvina Felicia Watratan  , Arwini Puspita. B  , Dikwan Moeis  
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic is the first and foremost health crisis in the world. Coronavirus is a collection of viruses from the subfamily Orthocronavirinae in the Coronaviridae family and the order of Nidovirales. This group of viruses that can cause disease in birds and mammals, including humans. In humans, coronaviruses cause generally mild respiratory infections, such as colds, although some forms of disease such as; SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 are more deadly. Anticipating and reducing the number of corona virus sufferers in Indonesia has been carried out in all regions. Among them by providing policies to limit activities out of the house, school activities laid off, work from home (work from home), even worship activities were laid off. This has become a government policy based on considerations that have been analyzed to the maximum, of course. Therefore this research was carried out as an anticipation step towards the Covid-19 pandemic by predicting the spread of Covid-19, especially in Indonesia. The research method applied in this research is problem analysis and literature study, collecting data and implementation. The application of the naive bayes method is expected to be able to predict the spread rate of COVID-19 in Indonesia. The results of the Naive Bayes method classification show that 16 data from 33 data were tested in Covid-19 cases per province with an accuracy of 48.4848%, where of the 33 data tested in the Covid-19 case per province tested there were 16 data that were successfully classified correctly.