bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients Admitted to Treatment for Substance Use Disorder in Norway: A Case-Control Study of Socio- Demographic Correlates and Comparative Analyses Across Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Amundsen Ellen J. , Bretteville-Jensen Anne Line , Rossow Ingeborg 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundImproved knowledge regarding sociodemographic correlates of people with substance use disorders (SUD) is essential for several purposes: to better plan and provide adequate services for SUD patients and their families, and to supplement our understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying progression into and development of various SUDs. This study aimed to: i) describe demographic, economic, and social correlates of people with SUDs in comparison with those of the general population; ii) compare these correlates across SUDs from licit versus illicit substances, as well as across specific SUDs.Methods A national cross-sectional study of all SUD patients enrolled in specialized drug treatment in Norway in 2009-2010 (N=31 245) and a population control cohort, frequency-matched on age and gender (N=31 275). Data on gender, age, education level, income level and sources, and family/living arrangement were obtained by linkages to national registers. ResultsDemographic, economic and social correlates of SUD patients differed substantially from those of the general population, and across specific SUDs. Among SUD patients, those with illicit – as compared to licit – SUDs were younger (mean quotient=0.72 [0.71-0.72]), more often had low education level (RR=1.68 [1.64-1.72]), were less often in paid work (RR=0.76 [0.74-0.77]) and had lower income (mean quotient=0.61 [0.61-0.62]). Comparison of patients with different SUD diagnoses revealed substantial demographic differences, including the relatively low mean age among cannabis patients and the high share of females among sedatives/hypnotics patients. Opioid patients stood out by being older, and more often out of work, receiving social security benefits, and living alone. Cocaine and alcohol patients were more often better educated, included in the work force, and had a better financial situation. Conclusion Findings revealed substantial and important differences in sociodemographic correlates between SUD patients and the general population, between SUD patients with illicit and with licit substance use, and across specific SUD patient groups.
Circ_0070203 Promotes Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma through miR-370-3p/TGFβR2 Axis
Authors: Tang Qiong , Wen Huiting , Chen Xiaoli , Xu Xiushu , Chen Xiaoer , Fang Yu , Gao Yingshan , longyang Liu , Li Jing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OC) is a common malignant gynecological tumor that is found in women. Metastasis of ovarian cancer cells are the main causes of poor prognosis. Cell-acquired invasiveness is accompanied by the loss of epithelial features and gain of a mesenchymal phenotype, through a process known as epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important biological molecules that are associated with pathogenesis of Multiple cancers; however, the roles of circRNAs and EMT in OC remain unclear. Methods: Using circRNA microarray, the circRNA expression profiles in ovarian tissues, with and without OC, were identified and verified using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). The effects of circ_0070203, miR-370-3p, and TGFβR2 on SKOV-3 cell migration and invasion were evaluated. The binding sites between circ_0070203, miR-370-3p, and TGFβR2 were verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and bioinformatics analysis. The expression levels of epithelial mesenchymal transformation-related proteins were detected by western blotting. Cell migration and invasion were analyzed by a transwell assay. Results: Circ_0070203 and TGFβR2 were upregulated, while miR-370-3p was downregulated in OC and SKOV-3 cell lines. The overexpression of circ_0070203 changed the expression of other EMT-related proteins, and enhanced the invasion and migration abilities of ovarian cancer cells. The inhibitory effect of circ_0070203 knockdown on EMT, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells was partly attenuated by an miR-370-3p inhibitor. Conclusion: Circ_0070203 promotes epithelial mesenchymal transformation, invasion, and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells via the miR-370-3p /TGFβR2 axis.
Genomic Characterization of a New Enamovirus Infecting Common Bean
Authors: Lu Ruo-bin , Lan Ping-xiu , Kang Ru-jing , Tan Guan-lin , Chen Xiao-jiao , Li Ruhui , Li Fan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A novel enamovirus was identified from bean plants with disease symptoms. Its genome of 5,781 nucleotides (nt) encodes five open reading frames. The virus and other species of the genus Enamovirus share identities of 50.4%-68.4% at the complete genome, and 19.9%-51.9% of P0, 24.9%-52.5% of P1, 33.4%-62.9% of P1-P2, 30.6%-81.1% of P3, 32.3%-74.2% of P3-P5 at amino acid sequence level, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the virus is most closely related to Alfalfa enamovirus 1 and Pea enation mosaic virus 1 in the genus Enamovirus within family Solemoviridae. These results suggest that the virus should be considered as a novel species in the genus Enamovirus and tentatively named as “bean enamovirus 1”.
Mitigation of False Brinelling in A Roller Bearing: A Case Study of 4 Types of Greases
Authors: Lin Chih-Ling , Meehan Paul A. , Fallahnezhad Khosro , Brinji Osama 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Four commercial greases with various thickeners and base oils were experimentally examined to compare their false brinelling wear resistance in a test rig simulating roller bearings during rail/sea transportation for the first time. Greases containing zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates (ZDDP) showed superior false brinelling reduction, evidenced by no visible wear mark in the raceways. The mechanism for false brinelling mitigation was shown to be from a ZDDP-induced tribofilm which decreases the friction and wear coefficient in the contact area. Surface chemical analysis showed that for grease lubricated fretting contacts, ZDDP-derived tribofilms can be generated in the presence of micro-sliding motions and energy dissipation at the contact interface at low frequency (i.e. 4-8 Hz), due to the mechanochemical reactions. For greases without ZDDP, false brinelling wear was reduced by 97% when using grease with a more abundant and less viscous oil, which bleeds readily from an open structured thickener. The results highlight the ability of ZDDP as an additive in grease to better protect roller bearings against false brinelling during rail/sea transportation.
Comparison of CT Volumetry versus Nuclear Renography for Predicting Remaining Kidney Function After Uninephrectomy in Living Kidney Donors
Authors: Eum Sang Hun , Lee Hanbi , Ko Eun Jeong , Cho Hyuk Jin , Yang Chul Woo , Chung Byung Ha 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) and nuclear renography are used to determine kidney procurement in living kidney donors (LKDs). The present study investigated which modality better predicts kidney function after donation. This study included 835 LKDs and they were divided into two subgroups based on whether the left-right dominance of kidney volume was concordant with kidney function (concordant group) or not (discordant group). The predictive value for post-donation kidney function between the two imaging modalities was compared at 1 month, 6 months, and > 1 year in total cohort, concordant, and discordant groups. Split kidney function (SKF) measured by both modalities showed significant correlation with each other at baseline. SKFs of remaining kidney measured using both modalities before donation showed significant correlation with eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) after donation in the total cohort group and two subgroups, respectively. CT volumetry was superior to nuclear renography for predicting post-donation kidney function in the total cohort group and both subgroups. In the discordant subgroup, a higher tendency of kidney function recovery was observed when kidney procurement was determined based on CT volumetry. In conclusion, CT volumetry is preferred when determining procurement strategy especially when discordance is found between the two imaging modalities.
Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Intussusception And Predictors of Surgery And Bowel Resection In Affected Patients
Authors: Wu Ting-Hsuan , Huang Go-Shine , Wu Chang-Teng , Lai Jin-Yao , Chen Chien-Chang , Hu Mei-Hua 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Surgery is required for the treatment of intussusception when enema reduction is unsuccessful, or when the patient develops peritonitis, bowel perforation, or intestinal damage. We aimed to evaluate the clinical and laboratory parameters that may be used to predict the need for bowel resection in children with intussusception. This observational retrospective study included children who were admitted to the pediatric emergency room with intussusception. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate factors associated with bowel resection. In total, 584 children with intussusception were admitted to the pediatric emergency room; 129 of these children underwent surgery. Multivariate analysis revealed the following independent predictors of surgery for intussusception: abdominal pain (odds ratio [OR] = 0.372; p = 0.013), bloody stool (OR = 3.553; p = 0.044), and hyponatremia (OR = 4.12; 95% p = 0.003). Symptoms for at least 2 days before surgery (OR = 6.863; p = 0.009), long intussusception (OR = 5.088; p = 0.014), pathological lead point (OR = 6.926; p = 0.003), and intensive care unit admission (OR = 11.777; p = 0.001) were factors independently associated with bowel resection. These findings can be used to identify patients at high risk of needing surgery and bowel resection.
The Mechanism of Flower Opening and Closing Times Revealed By Transcriptome Profiling
Authors: Liu Rong , Guan Chunjing , Fan Zhuping , Ding Liya , Gao Yike , Zhang Qixiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Circadian clock precisely control flowers open and close at specific times of day responsive to the environment, providing advantages in reproduction and adaption. Flowers of Iris dichotoma and I. domestica are ephemeral and show single opening and closing which present circadian rhythms. To reveal the key clock-related genes and mechanisms regulating flower opening and closing times, transcriptomes of two F2 hybrid plants with significantly divergent flower opening and closing times were sequenced at different flowering stages. Genes with different temporal expression patterns between the two individuals were screened.Results: PIF4-like (PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR4-like) whose homologous gene in Arabidopsis integrates external signals (light and temperature) and intrinsic signals from the clock would negatively regulate flower opening and positively regulate flower closing. Downstream the clock, genes related to auxin synthesis (YUC10 and YUC2-like), auxin efflux transport (auxin efflux carrier component 1, 7) and signaling (SAUR64-like and auxin-induced protein 22D) were specifically up-regulated in flower opening process (from flower buds to flower starting opening), suggesting that auxin is necessary for flower opening. Genes involved in osmoregulation, inward water transport and cell wall loosening were also specifically up-regulated in flower opening process, causing rapid cell expansion during flower opening. The start of flower closure is associated with the increased activities of cell wall degradation, protein degradation, sucrose synthesis, fatty acid degradation, phospholipid degradation and remobilization of mineral ions.Conclusions: This research illuminates the key clock-related regulator of flower opening and closing times, and improves the understanding in regulatory networks of flower opening and closing.
Implementation Evaluation of A Secondary Level Whole School Programme: A Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: McHale Fiona , Ng Kwok , Cooper Jemima , Scanlon Dylan , Grady Caera , Norton Catherine , O'Shea Donal , Woods Catherine 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Whole-of-school programmes (WSPs) are one of eight best investments to reduce physical inactivity. The 'Secondary Level Active School Flag' (SLASF) programme for students aged 12-19 years is one such WSP for physical activity. This student-led programme is guided by student voice, fun, inclusiveness and partnerships. Due to the complexities of the school system and the multi-component nature of WSPs, there is a risk of poor implementation. The monitoring of facilitators and barriers as unanticipated influences during feasibility studies is important to better understand the key implementation processes prior to scale-up. The aim of this study was to identify perceived facilitators and barriers to implementing the SLASF. Guided by the ERIC taxonomy, it also aimed to select and recommend evidence-based implementation strategies to overcome the barriers and leverage programme facilitators. Methods: Process evaluation focus groups (N=22) and interviews (N=27) were conducted in three schools with programme implementers i.e. school management (n=5), SLASF coordinator (n=4), student-leaders (ASF transition years aged 15-16 years) class (n=37), staff committee (n=23) and were transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis and were guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Implementation strategies were identified using the ERIC taxonomy and were selected systematically to address contextual needs.Results: Three themes were identified surrounding the facilitators and barriers to implementation: intervention design factors influencing implementation (e.g. capacity building and knowledge of implementers; interest and buy in for the programme and design and quality of the programme), organisational factors influencing implementation (e.g. optimisation of people; planning and execution; and the busy school environment) and interpersonal factors influencing implementation (e.g. relationships; communication; and collaboration).Conclusions: This study has identified drivers of implementation success or failure for future impact and extended roll out of SLASF. The examination of facilitators and barriers assisted with the identification of implementation strategies including (not limited to) a shared leadership programme for student leaders, a more flexible timeline for completion and an introductory year to assess readiness to engage. Through guidance on the identification of implementation strategies and in alignment with the ERIC taxonomy, we have provided recommendations that may assist in effective implementation of the SLASF.
Long-Term Survival in Endoscopic Resection Followed By Additional Chemoradiotherapy For Early-Stage Esophageal Cancer Compared to Esophagectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Yong , Wang Yong Yong , Dai Lei , Chen Ming Wu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background：The aim of this study went to systematically evaluate the efficacy of the endoscopic resection followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for early-stage esophageal cancer compared with esophagectomy, and provide reference for clinical research and practice. Methods: we searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of science, CNKI database on line, and collected all of randomized cohort studies and retrospective cohort studies. The quality of the study was evaluated with Cochrane’s quality standards, and statistical analysis was performed using STATA version 12.0 and Revman 5.3 software. Results: A total of 10 studies involving 924 (210 vs 714) patients were included for analysis in our study. long term effect: overall survival rate, disease-free survival rate, recurrence and metastasis rate of esophagectomy group were better than those of the chemoradiotherapy group（OR = 5.25，95% CI: 2.33 - 11.80，P < 0.001）、disease-free survival（HR=0.24,95% CI: 0.07 - 0.87, P = 0.03）、overall survival（HR = 1.26（95% CI: 0.75 - 2.11, P = 0.38）、relapse free survival rate（HR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.36 - 2.20, P = 0.80）survival period results showed no significant difference (P＞0.05).Conclusions: Similar outcomes are founding regarding overall survival and relapse free survival rate between the two groups. Meanwhile, chemoradiotherapy may be provided for patients with high-risk of relapse or unable to tolerate surgery. Therefore, chemoradiotherapy is not replaced surgery totally. Further randomized trials are needed to validate the conclusion.
An Improved Farmland Fertility Algorithm For Many-Objective Optimization Problems
Authors: Wang Yanjiao , Gao Peng , Chen Ye 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Recent studies in many-objective optimization problems (MaOPs) have tended to employ some promising evolutionary algorithms with excellent convergence accuracy and speed. However, they will encounter difficulties in their scalability upon MaOPs because the most evolutionary algorithms are proposed for single-objective optimization, which will affect the selection of leaders and individual-updating mechanisms, thereby deteriorating the effectiveness of the algorithm. This paper proposes a many-objective optimization algorithm based on the improved Farmland Fertility algorithm (MOIFF). A novel bio-inspired meta heuristic method proposed in 2018, called Farmland Fertility algorithm (FF), is employed to serve as the optimization strategy of MOIFF. In order to handle MaOPs effectively, FF has been tailored from the following aspects: an individual fitness assessment approach based on cumulative ranking value has been proposed to distinguish the quality of each individual, updated the global memory and local memory of each individual based on individual cumulative ranking value, and a hybrid subspace search and full space search method has been designed to update individuals in the stages of soil optimization and soil fusion. In addition, adaptive environmental selection has been proposed. Finally, MOIFF is compared with four state-of-the art many-objective evolutionary algorithms on many test problems with various characteristics, including the DTLZ and WFG test suites. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has competitive convergence and diversity on many-objective optimization problems.
Pharmacological Inhibition of STAT3 Attenuates Pancreatic Cancer Cell Invasion and Migration By Interacting with TGF-Β/Smad Signaling
Authors: guo hangcheng , xiao yanyi , Yang Xuejia , Yuan Ziwei , Chen Qinbo , Chen Jiawei , Chen Chaoyue , Wang Mengsi , Shang Lumeng , Xie Lili , Zhang Qiyu , Bai Yongheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a gastrointestinal malignancy with extremely poor prognosis, primarily due to the infiltration and metastasis of tumor cells. Many studies have shown that the TGF-β/Smad signaling-mediated EMT pathway is a key driving factor of infiltration and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells, and aberrant STAT3 activation is vital to pancreatic cancer cell metastasis. In this study, a small molecule antagonist, Stattic, was used for targeted STAT3 inhibition, its interaction with TGF-β/Smad signaling was observed, and EMT of pancreatic cancer cells was inhibited to decrease its metastasis and infiltration.
Methods

The effects of Stattic on the invasion, infiltration, and EMT of pancreatic cancer cells were studied. We also evaluated the effects of Stattic on the STAT3 and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways and studied the interactions between STAT3 and TGF-β/Smad signaling using overexpression and siRNA techniques.
Results

Stattic inhibited the invasion and infiltration of pancreatic cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which was related to EMT inhibition and subsequent downregulation of extracellular matrix components. Stattic downregulated the expression of metalloproteases, such as MMP-2, and also inhibited the expression of EMT-TFs, such as Snail1 and Slug, and downregulated downstream HIF1α and VEGF expression to inhibit angiogenesis. Mechanistically, in in vitro cell models and in vivo nude mouse tumorigenicity models, Stattic treatment significantly downregulated the protein levels of the matrix synthesis-promoting factor TGF-β and the phosphorylation and nuclear import of its downstream Smad2/3. These results suggest that Stattic inactivates TGF-β/Smad signaling to antagonize EMT and eventually inhibit the invasion and infiltration of pancreatic cancer cells. Stattic is a small molecule inhibitor of STAT3 that can downregulate STAT3 activity, which is enhanced by Smad4-dependent TGF-β/Smad signaling. Interestingly, IL-6 or STAT3 overexpression promotes EMT but in a non-TGF-β/Smad-dependent manner, and is regulated by antagonism between STAT3 and Smad4.
Conclusions

The application of Stattic pharmacologically to inhibit STAT3 decreases the invasion and infiltration of pancreatic cancer cells, which may be achieved through interactions with TGF-β/Smad signaling and EMT antagonism.
The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Parasitus Fimetorum (Parasitiformes: Parasitidae) and Phylogenetic Relationship of Parasitiformes
Authors: Yang Huijuan , Dong WenGe , Chen Ting 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

The family Parasitidae (Arachnida: Acari) includes 426 species. Up to now, the complete mitochondrial genomes of only one Parasitidae species (Parasitus wangdunqingi) has been sequenced, and it was discovered that the mitochondrial genome of this species have retained the ancestral mitochondrial genome organization of arthropods. The scarcity of available sequence data has greatly impeded evolutionary studies in Acari (mites and ticks). Here, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of Parasitus fimetorum (Family Parasitidae) and provide a comparison to Parasitus wangdunqingi.
Methods

We use a PCR-based strategy to amplify the mitochondrial genome of Parasitus fimetorum, and these amplicons are sequenced using the Illumina Hiseq X-10 platform. Phylogeny of Parasitiformes mites based on cox1 gene of 51 species using maximum likelihood (ML) methods.
Result

The complete mt genome of P. fimetorum is a typical circular, double-stranded DNA molecule 14,619 bp in size that contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 1 control region. The mitochondrial gene order of P. fimetorum was similar to that of the arthropods hypothesized ancestor. Mitochondrial genomes of P. fimetorum and P. wangdunqingi were compared and analyzed with the following characteristics: (1) both parasitus species evolved independently rather than synergically; (2) the preference of the two mites for codons is different, which may be due to the mutation pressure of certain mites. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of the cox1 genes showed that Parasitidae was monophyletic.
Conclusion

The mitochondrial genomes of Parasitidae mites likely remained the ancestral mt genome organization of arthropods and phylogeny of Parasitiformes mites based on cox1 gene sequences indicates that different lineages are basically monophyletic, and strong supports the current morphological taxonomy. Among others, this new resource will provided thoroughly and systematically information for further study on the mitogenomes, phylogenetics and taxonomic revision of the mites.