bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digitalization and strategic flexibility – a recipe for business growth
Authors: Matalamäki Marko Juhani , Joensuu-Salo Sanna 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis paper examines how digitalization can affect three aspects of firm growth. The specific objectives are as follows: (1) to increase understanding of how digitalization affects pre-factors for growth, (2) to examine how digitalization transforms the growth process, especially growth strategies and (3) to examine how digitalization is apparent in the outcome of growth.Design/methodology/approachWe explore six Finnish growth companies in order to understand the relationship between digitalization and growth. We used qualitative data collection and the Digimat measurement test for analyzing patterns, themes and best practices to generate a deeper understanding of the impact of digital technologies on business growth and growth strategies in these companies.FindingsWe propose that business growth includes three aspects of growth: pre-factors of growth, growth as a process and growth as an outcome. Digitalization may affect all of these aspects and strategic flexibility can affect business growth. Digitalization and strategic flexibility are intertwined; strategic flexibility enables the application of new technology, and digitalization enables flexibility.Practical implicationsBuilding on the results of the case studies, this research identifies relationships between digitalization, business growth and strategic flexibility.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the growing literature on digitalization, providing new insight into its relation to business growth.
Consumer effort in service encounters: the overlooked impact of surface acting
Authors: Cook Laurel Aynne , Fitzgerald M. Paula , Sadeghein Raika 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
One shift in the retail landscape is the workload transfer from the retailer to the consumer. This study aims to explore consumer perceived effort and the consequences of this workload transfer.

Design/methodology/approach
Two scenario-based experiments were conducted. Partial least squares modeling was implemented on the experimental survey data to explore how different dimensions of effort (i.e. mental, physical and emotional) and surface acting contribute to perceptions of effort and value.

Findings
Surface acting increases consumer effort perceptions. Consumers’ value perceptions decline as perceived effort increases. Effort perceptions attenuate when consumers have a choice. The paper also brings attention to the shortcomings in the current conceptualization of surface acting and perceived effort, and reconceptualizes effort as a formative construct.

Practical implications
This paper cautions marketers about the potential negative implications of shadow work. Service marketers should provide a choice between face-to-face (F2F) and self-service technologies whenever possible. In addition, marketers should develop and implement strategies for reducing consumer surface acting.

Originality/value
This study includes an extended conceptualization and new operationalization of consumer surface acting, revised thinking about measuring consumer effort and a unique approach to accounting for effort perceptions of traditional F2F service vs SST.
Three-dimensional finite element analysis for temperature filed of composite materials during the cure
Authors: Guo Zhangxin , Yu Zhiqiang , Wei Shiyi , Qi Guoliang , Li Yongcun , Luan Yunbo 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe cure simulation of composite structures with arbitrary geometry can be investigated by the finite element program.Design/methodology/approachFinite element method is employed in this work.FindingsThe simulated results match the experimental results well, which demonstrates the finite element analysis models are reliable. Compared with the one- and two-dimensional finite element analysis, temperature and degree of cure can be calculated at any point within composite structures in the present simulation analysis. The cure simulation of composite structures with arbitrary geometry can be investigated by the finite element program.Originality/valueA coupled thermokinetic simulation of the liquid composite molding process based on a three-dimensional finite element method is presented. The cure simulation of composite structures with arbitrary geometry can be investigated by the finite element program.
What publics do online matters: Internet use and political information behaviors
Authors: Kim Jarim , Kim Yesolran 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis study aimed to examine the relationships between different uses of Internet modes and political participation, focusing on political information behaviors, including political information seeking and forwarding.Design/methodology/approachThis study used secondary data from the 2016 Korea Media Panel Survey conducted with 8,439 Korean adults.FindingsThe results indicated that political participation is generally associated with the use of online news forums, online communities, online services and online information production, but not with the use of social networking sites (SNSs). Additional analyses revealed that the use of different Internet modes has an indirect effect on voting intention through political information seeking. The analysis also showed that a number of sociodemographic characteristics influence political participation.Originality/valueAs one of the first studies to focus on active information behaviors in examining the influence of Internet use, this study enhances the understanding of how human behaviors are shaped by digital technology. By providing guidelines for the use of different modes of the Internet, the findings of this study also have practical implications for efforts to encourage political participation.
Design and development of 3D printing assisted microwave sintering of elbow implant with biomechanical properties similar tohuman elbow
Authors: Singh Dilpreet , Garg Bhavuk , Pandey Pulak Mohan , Kalyanasundaram Dinesh 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to establish a methodology for the design and development of patient-specific elbow implant with an elastic modulus close to that of the human bone. One of the most preferred implant material is titanium alloy which is about 8 to 9 times higher in strength than that of the human bone and is the closest than other metallic biomedical materials.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology begins with the design of the implant from patient-specific computed tomography information and incorporates the manufacturing of the implant via a novel rapid prototyping assisted microwave sintering process.

Findings
The elastic modulus and the flexural strength of the implant were observed to be comparable to that of human elbow bones. The fatigue test depicts that the implant survives the one million cycles under physiological loading conditions. Other mechanical properties such as impact energy absorption, hardness and life cycle tests were also evaluated. The implant surface promotes human cell growth and adhesion and does not cause any adverse or undesired effects i.e. no cytotoxicity.

Practical implications
Stress shielding, and therefore, aseptic loosening of the implant shall be avoided. In the event of any trauma post-implantation, the implant would not hurt the patient.

Originality/value
The present study describes a methodology for the first time to be able to obtain the strength required for the medical implant without sacrificing the fatigue life requirement.
Intra‐operative and early post‐operative prediction of cardiac surgery‐associated acute kidney injury: Urinary oxygen tension compared with plasma and urinary biomarkers
Authors: Noe Khin M. , Ngo Jennifer P. , Martin Andrew , Zhu Michael Z. L. , Cochrane Andrew D. , Smith Julian A. , Thrift Amanda G. , Singh Harshil , Evans Roger G. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious post‐operative complication of cardiac surgery. The value of a predictive biomarker is determined not only by its predictive efficacy, but also by how early this prediction can be made. For a biomarker of cardiac surgery‐associated AKI, this is ideally during the intra‐operative period. Therefore, in 82 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), we prospectively compared the predictive efficacy of various blood and urinary biomarkers with that of continuous measurement of urinary oxygen tension (UPO2) at pre‐determined intra‐ and post‐operative time‐points. None of the blood or urine biomarkers we studied showed predictive efficacy for post‐operative AKI when measured intra‐operatively. When treated as a binary variable (≤ or > median for the whole cohort), the earliest excess risk of AKI was predicted by an increase in urinary neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL) at 3 h after entry into the intensive care unit (odds ratio [95% confidence limits], 2.86 [1.14–7.21], p = 0.03). Corresponding time‐points were 6 h for serum creatinine (3.59 [1.40–9.20], p = 0.008), and 24 h for plasma NGAL (4.54 [1.73–11.90], p = 0.002) and serum cystatin C (6.38 [2.35–17.27], p = 0.001). In contrast, indices of intra‐operative urinary hypoxia predicted AKI after weaning from CPB, and in the case of a fall in UPO2 to ≤10 mmHg, during the rewarming phase of CPB (3.00 [1.19–7.56], p = 0.02). We conclude that continuous measurement of UPO2 predicts AKI earlier than plasma or urinary NGAL, serum cystatin C, or early post‐operative changes in serum creatinine.
Does biological rhythm transmit from plants to rhizosphere microbes?
Authors: Lu Tao , Zhang Zhenyan , Li Yan , Zhang Qi , Cui Hengzheng , Sun Liwei , Peijnenburg W. J. G. M. , Peñuelas Josep , Zhu Lizhong , Zhu Yong‐Guan , Chen Jianmeng , Qian Haifeng 
Published: October 2021

SummaryPlant physiological and metabolic processes are modulated by rhythmic gene expression in a large part. Meanwhile, plants are also regulated by rhizosphere microorganisms, which are fed by root exudates and provide beneficial functions to their plant host. Whether the biorhythms in plants would transfer to the rhizosphere microbial community is still uncertain and their intricate connection remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of the Arabidopsis circadian clock in shaping the rhizosphere microbial community using wild‐type plants and clock mutants (cca1‐1 and toc1‐101) with transcriptomic, metabolomic and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis throughout a 24‐h period. Deficiencies of the central circadian clock led to abnormal diurnal rhythms for thousands of expressed genes and dozens of root exudates. The bacterial community failed to follow obvious patterns in the 24‐h period, and there was lack of coordination with plant growth in the clock mutants. Our results suggest that the robust rhythmicity of genes and root exudation due to circadian clock in plants is an important driving force for the positive succession of rhizosphere communities, which will feedback on plant development.
How (not) to feed young children: A class‐cultural analysis of food parenting practices
Authors: Karademir‐Hazır Irmak 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study unpacks how class processes shape understandings and practices of “good feeding” in families with young children. It brings a Bourdieusian class consumption focus together with food parenting studies and approaches feeding as encompassing a wide range of processes including cooking, shopping, and planning. To capture the lived experience of feeding work, the study draws on a longitudinal and ethnographic study conducted in the south‐east of England over the course of two years. The analysis suggests that, regardless of their resources, parents tend to internalize the dominant discourse on “healthy” and “varied” feeding. However, closer inspection of day‐to‐day practices reveals a nuanced class‐cultural patterning in how these terms are defined and achieved. Moreover, it reveals how different interpretations of key notions such as homemade, nutritious, and balanced generate practices that contribute to the cultivation of distinctively classed culinary agencies in children. This study also questions what potential role these understandings can play in reproducing taste hierarchies and maintaining symbolic boundaries from very early ages.
Risk‐Reducing Salpingo‐Oophorectomy and the Use of Hormone Replacement Therapy Below the Age of Natural Menopause
Authors: Manchanda R , Gaba F , Talaulikar V , Pundir J , Gessler S , Davies M , Menon U ,   the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
Published: October 2021

Plain language summaryThis paper deals with the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) after the removal of fallopian tubes and ovaries to prevent ovarian cancer in premenopausal high risk women. Some women have an alteration in their genetic code, which makes them more likely to develop ovarian cancer. Two well‐known genes which can carry an alteration are the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Examples of other genes associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer include RAD51C, RAD51D, BRIP1, PALB2 and Lynch syndrome genes. Women with a strong family history of ovarian cancer and/or breast cancer, may also be at increased risk of developing ovarian cancer. Women at increased risk can choose to have an operation to remove the fallopian tubes and ovaries, which is the most effective way to prevent ovarian cancer. This is done after a woman has completed her family. However, removal of ovaries causes early menopause and leads to hot flushes, sweats, mood changes and bone thinning. It can also cause memory problems and increases the risk of heart disease. It may reduce libido or impair sexual function. Guidance on how to care for women following preventative surgery who are experiencing early menopause is needed.HRT is usually advisable for women up to 51 years of age (average age of menopause for women in the UK) who are undergoing early menopause and have not had breast cancer, to minimise the health risks linked to early menopause. For women with a womb, HRT should include estrogen coupled with progestogen to protect against thickening of the lining of the womb (called endometrial hyperplasia). For women without a womb, only estrogen is given. Research suggests that, unlike in older women, HRT for women in early menopause does not increase breast cancer risk, including in those who are BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers and have preventative surgery.For women with a history of receptor‐negative breast cancer, the gynaecologist will liaise with an oncology doctor on a case‐by‐case basis to help to decide if HRT is safe to use. Women with a history of estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer are not normally offered HRT. A range of other therapies can be used if a woman is unable to take HRT. These include behavioural therapy and non‐hormonal medicines. However, these are less effective than HRT. Regular exercise, healthy lifestyle and avoiding symptom triggers are also advised. Whether to undergo surgery to reduce risk or not and its timing can be a complex decision‐making process. Women need to be carefully counselled on the pros and cons of both preventative surgery and HRT use so they can make informed decisions and choices.
Turmeric, red pepper, and black pepper affect carotenoids solubilized micelles properties and bioaccessibility: Capsaicin/piperine improves and curcumin inhibits carotenoids uptake and transport in Caco‐2 cells
Authors: Shilpa Shivaprasad , Shwetha Hulikere Jagdish , Perumal Madan Kumar , Ambedkar Rudrappa , Hanumanthappa Manjunatha , Baskaran Vallikannan , Lakshminarayana Rangaswamy 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the role of spices/spice active principles on physical, biochemical, and molecular targets of bioaccessibility/bioavailability. Carotenoids‐rich micellar fraction obtained through simulated digestion of green leafy vegetables (GLV) with individual or two/three combinations were correlated to their influence on bioaccessibility, cellular uptake, and basolateral secretion of carotenoids in Caco‐2 cells. Results suggest that carotenoids' bioaccessibility depends on micelles physicochemical properties, which is affected due to the presence of co‐treated dietary spices and their composition. Increased bioaccessibility of β‐carotene (BC) and lutein (LUT) is found in GLV (spinach) digested with turmeric (TM) than red pepper (RP) and black pepper (BP). In contrast, enhanced cellular uptake and secretion of BC and LUT‐rich triglyceride‐rich lipoprotein is observed in the presence of RP and BP compared to the control group. In contrast, TM inhibited absorption, while retinol levels significantly reduced in the presence of TM and RP than BP. Control cells have indicated higher cleavage of β‐carotene to retinol than the spice‐treated group. Besides, spice active principles modulate facilitated transport of carotenoids by scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR‐B1) protein. The effect of spices on carotenoids’ bioavailability is validated with active spice principles. Overall, carotenoids’ bioavailability (cellular uptake and basolateral secretion) was found in the following order of treatments; piperine > capsaicin > piperine + capsaicin > curcumin + capsaicin + piperine > control > turmeric. These findings suggested that the interaction of specific dietary factors, including spice ingredients at the enterocyte level, could provide greater insight into carotenoid absorption.Practical ApplicationSpices/spice active principles play a role in the digestion process by stimulating digestive enzymes and bile acids secretion. Since carotenoids are lipid soluble and have low bioavailability, spice ingredients' influence on intestinal absorption of carotenoids is considered crucial. Hence, understanding the interaction of co‐consumed spices on the absorption process of carotenoids may help to develop functional foods/formulation of nutraceuticals to improve their health benefits.
A novel, divergent alkane monooxygenase (alkB) clade involved in crude oil biodegradation
Authors: Karthikeyan Smruthi , Hatt Janet K. , Kim Minjae , Spain Jim C. , Huettel Markus , Kostka Joel E. , Konstantinidis Konstantinos T. 
Published: October 2021

SummaryAlkanes are ubiquitous in marine ecosystems and originate from diverse sources ranging from natural oil seeps to anthropogenic inputs and biogenic production by cyanobacteria. Enzymes that degrade cyanobacterial alkanes (typically C15–C17 compounds) such as the alkane monooxygenase (AlkB) are widespread, but it remains unclear whether or not AlkB variants exist that specialize in degradation of crude oil from natural or accidental spills, a much more complex mixture of long‐chain hydrocarbons. In the present study, large‐scale analysis of available metagenomic and genomic data from the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) oil spill revealed a novel, divergent AlkB clade recovered from genomes with no cultured representatives that was dramatically increased in abundance in crude‐oil impacted ecosystems. In contrast, the AlkB clades associated with biotransformation of cyanobacterial alkanes belonged to ‘canonical’ or hydrocarbonoclastic clades, and based on metatranscriptomics data and compared to the novel clade, were much more weakly expressed during crude oil biodegradation in laboratory mesocosms. The absence of this divergent AlkB clade in metagenomes of uncontaminated samples from the global ocean survey but not from the GoM as well as its frequent horizontal gene transfer indicated a priming effect of the Gulf for crude oil biodegradation likely driven by natural oil seeps.
Diagnostic performance of dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for breast cancer detection: An update meta‐analysis
Authors: Dong Honghuan , Kang Linqing , Cheng Sijia , Zhang Rongju 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) for breast cancer identification.MethodsA comprehensive electronic systematic searching of Medline, Ovid, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNK, and Cochrane Library databases was performed up to 2 August 2021. Clinical studies associated with DCE‐MRI for breast cancer detection were screened and inlcuded in the meta‐analysis. The data of true positive(tp), false positive(fp), false negative(fn) and true negative(tn) was extracted from includded studies. The sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) were pooled under fixed or random effect models. Publication bias was evaluated by Deek's funnel plot.ResultsA final set of 15 studies with 1321 breast lesions were included in the present work. The pooled diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and DOR were 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81–0.92), 0.74 (95% CI 0.68–0.80), and 18.83 (95% CI 9.07–36.54), respectively, and the area under the SROC was 0.86 (95% CI 0.82–0.88). Given a pretest probability of 50%, the positive post‐test probability was 77%, and the negative post‐test probability was 14%. Deek's funnel plot indicated low publication bias (p = 0.61).ConclusionDCE‐MRI is a noninvasive method of breast cancer diagnosis for suspected malignant breast lesions with relative high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.
Heterogeneous radiological response to chemotherapy is associated with poor prognosis in advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Ryu Woo Kyung , Kim Jung Soo , Park Mi Hwa , Lee Minkyung , Kim Hyun‐Jung , Ryu Jeong‐Seon , Lim Jun Hyeok 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundA heterogeneous radiological response is frequently observed in cancer patients and could reflect tumor heterogeneity. We investigated the prognostic impact of heterogeneous radiological responses in patients with advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received platinum‐based chemotherapy.MethodsThe treatment response according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria was evaluated in 212 patients with advanced NSCLC who received platinum‐based chemotherapy. Patients with partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD) were classified into “PR homo,” “PR hetero,” “SD homo,” and “SD hetero” by the presence of a heterogeneous radiological response, and survival was compared between groups. We also compared survival based on the presence of metabolic responses in lesions with heterogeneous radiological responses.ResultsFifty‐two patients (24.5%) were classified as PR, 112 patients (52.8%) as SD, and 48 patients (22.7%) as progressive disease (PD). There was no significant difference in progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between the PR homo and PR hetero groups. The SD homo group had a longer PFS and OS than the SD hetero group. In the SD hetero group, patients with increased maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in lesions with heterogeneous radiological responses had a shorter PFS than those with a stable SUVmax.ConclusionsThe presence of lesions with radiological heterogeneity was associated with disease progression and poor prognosis in the SD group. Patients with heterogeneous radiological responses require careful monitoring.
A Paleo‐Arabic inscription on a route north of Ṭāʾif
Authors: Al‐Jallad Ahmad , Sidky Hythem 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper will produce a new edition of the Rīʿ al‐Zallālah inscription, discussing in detail its paleographic features and content, and the ramifications it has on our understanding of the linguistic and religious milieu of the sixth–early seventh century Ḥigāz.