bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reservoir quality and its controlling diagenetic factors in the Bentiu Formation, Northeastern Muglad Basin, Sudan
Authors: Makeen Yousif M. , Shan Xuanlong , Lawal Mutari , Ayinla Habeeb A. , Su Siyuan , Yelwa Nura Abdulmumini , Liang Ye , Ayuk Ndip Edwin , Du Xianli 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe Abu Gabra and Bentiu formations are widely distributed within the interior Muglad Basin. Recently, much attention has been paid to study, evaluate and characterize the Abu Gabra Formation as a proven reservoir in Muglad Basin. However, few studies have been documented on the Bentiu Formation which is the main oil/gas reservoir within the basin. Therefore, 33 core samples of the Great Moga and Keyi oilfields (NE Muglad Basin) were selected to characterize the Bentiu Formation reservoir using sedimentological and petrophysical analyses. The aim of the study is to de-risk exploration activities and improve success rate. Compositional and textural analyses revealed two main facies groups: coarse to-medium grained sandstone (braided channel deposits) and fine grained sandstone (floodplain and crevasse splay channel deposits). The coarse to-medium grained sandstone has porosity and permeability values within the range of 19.6% to 32.0% and 1825.6 mD to 8358.0 mD respectively. On the other hand, the fine grained clay-rich facies displays poor reservoir quality as indicated by porosity and permeability ranging from 1.0 to 6.0% and 2.5 to 10.0 mD respectively. A number of varied processes were identified controlling the reservoir quality of the studies samples. Porosity and permeability were enhanced by the dissolution of feldspars and micas, while presence of detrital clays, kaolinite precipitation, iron oxides precipitation, siderite, quartz overgrowths and pyrite cement played negative role on the reservoir quality. Intensity of the observed quartz overgrowth increases with burial depth. At great depths, a variability in grain contact types are recorded suggesting conditions of moderate to-high compactions. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy revealed presence of micropores which have the tendency of affecting the fluid flow properties in the Bentiu Formation sandstone. These evidences indicate that the Bentiu Formation petroleum reservoir quality is primarily inhibited by grain size, total clay content, compaction and cementation. Thus, special attention should be paid to these inhibiting factors to reduce risk in petroleum exploration within the area.
Significantly enhanced coupling effect and gap plasmon resonance in a MIM-cavity based sensing structure
Authors: Chou Chau Yuan-Fong , Ming Tan Yu , Chou Chao Chung-Ting , Thotagamuge Roshan , Kooh Muhammad Raziq Rahimi , Huang Hung Ji , Lim Chee Ming , Chiang Hai-Pang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHerein, we design a high sensitivity with a multi-mode plasmonic sensor based on the square ring-shaped resonators containing silver nanorods together with a metal–insulator-metal bus waveguide. The finite element method can analyze the structure's transmittance properties and electromagnetic field distributions in detail. Results show that the coupling effect between the bus waveguide and the side-coupled resonator can enhance by generating gap plasmon resonance among the silver nanorods, increasing the cavity plasmon mode in the resonator. The suggested structure obtained a relatively high sensitivity and acceptable figure of merit and quality factor of about 2473 nm/RIU (refractive index unit), 34.18 1/RIU, and 56.35, respectively. Thus, the plasmonic sensor is ideal for lab-on-chip in gas and biochemical analysis and can significantly enhance the sensitivity by 177% compared to the regular one. Furthermore, the designed structure can apply in nanophotonic devices, and the range of the detected refractive index is suitable for gases and fluids (e.g., gas, isopropanol, optical oil, and glucose solution).
The role of autophagy in the process of osseointegration around titanium implants with micro-nano topography promoted by osteoimmunity
Authors: Zhang Ting , Jiang Mengyang , Yin Xiaojie , Yao Peng , Sun Huiqiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOsteoimmunity plays an important role in the process of implant osseointegration. Autophagy is a conservative metabolic pathway of eukaryotic cells, but whether the interaction between autophagy and osteoimmunity plays a key role in osseointegration remains unclear. In this study, we prepared smooth titanium disks and micro-nano topography titanium disks, to study the immune microenvironment of RAW264.7 cells, and prepared the conditioned medium to study the effect of immune microenvironment on the osteogenesis and autophagy of MC3T3-E1 cells. Autophagy inhibitor 3-MA was used to inhibit autophagy to observe the change of expression of osteogenic markers. The results showed that the micro-nano topography titanium disks could stimulate RAW264.7 cells to differentiate into M2 type, forming an anti-inflammatory immune microenvironment; compared with the control group, the anti-inflammatory immune microenvironment promoted the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts better. The anti-inflammatory immune environment activated the autophagy level of osteoblasts, while the expression of osteogenic markers was down-regulated after inhibition of autophagy. These results indicate that anti-inflammatory immune microenvironment can promote cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, autophagy plays an important role in this process. This study further explains the mechanism of implant osseointegration in osteoimmune microenvironment, and provides reference for improving implant osseointegration.
The influence of heteroatom doping on local properties of phosphorene monolayer
Authors: Durajski Artur P. , Gruszka Konrad M. , Niegodajew Paweł 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNew energy storage technologies that can serve as a reliable alternative to lithium-ion batteries are in the spotlight. Particular attention has been recently devoted to magnesium-ion systems due to the considerable abundance of this element and also due to its promising electro-chemical performance. Our results show that monolayer black phosphorene doped by B, Sc, Co, and Cu atoms possesses good structural stability with the minimal cohesive energy of $$-5.563$$

-
5.563

eV/atom, the adsorption energy per Mg atom ranging from $$-1.229$$

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1.229

to $$-1.357$$

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1.357

eV, and the charge transfer from double-side adsorbed single Mg-ions to the B-substituted phosphorene increased by $$\sim$$
∼
0.21 $$e^-$$

e
-

in comparison with pristine phosphorene. The present work demonstrates a potential path for future improvements of phosphorus-based anode materials for Mg-ion rechargeable batteries which were evaluated using first-principles density-functional theory calculations.
Antibiotic resistance alters through iron-regulating Sigma factors during the interaction of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Tahmasebi Hamed , Dehbashi Sanaz , Arabestani Mohammad Reza 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIron is a limiting factor in such a condition that usually is sequestered by the host during polymicrobial infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. This study aimed to investigate the interaction of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, which alters iron-related sigma factors regulation and antibiotic resistance. The antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus was investigated in a L929 cell culture model. The expression level of pvdS, hasI (P. aeruginosa sigma factors), and sigS (S. aureus sigma factor) genes was determined using Quantitative Real-Time PCR. pvdS and hasI were downregulated during co-culture with S. aureus, while the susceptibility to carbapenems increased (p-value < 0.0001). Also, there was a direct significant relationship between resistance to vancomycin with sigS. Regarding the findings of the current study, iron-related sigma factors of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus play a role in induction susceptibility to various antibiotics, including carbapenems and vancomycin.
Low temperature plasma irradiation products of sodium lactate solution that induce cell death on U251SP glioblastoma cells were identified
Authors: Tanaka Hiromasa , Hosoi Yugo , Ishikawa Kenji , Yoshitake Jun , Shibata Takahiro , Uchida Koji , Hashizume Hiroshi , Mizuno Masaaki , Okazaki Yasumasa , Toyokuni Shinya , Nakamura Kae , Kajiyama Hiroaki , Kikkawa Fumitaka , Hori Masaru 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLow-temperature plasma is being widely used in the various fields of life science, such as medicine and agriculture. Plasma-activated solutions have been proposed as potential cancer therapeutic reagents. We previously reported that plasma-activated Ringer’s lactate solution exhibited selective cancer-killing effects, and that the plasma-treated L-sodium lactate in the solution was an anti-tumor factor; however, the components that are generated through the interactions between plasma and L-sodium lactate and the components responsible for the selective killing of cancer cells remain unidentified. In this study, we quantified several major chemical products, such as pyruvate, formate, and acetate, in plasma-activated L-sodium lactate solution by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. We further identified novel chemical products, such as glyoxylate and 2,3-dimethyltartrate, in the solution by direct infusion-electrospray ionization with tandem mass spectrometry analysis. We found that 2,3-dimethyltartrate exhibited cytotoxic effects in glioblastoma cells, but not in normal astrocytes. These findings shed light on the identities of the components that are responsible for the selective cytotoxic effect of plasma-activated solutions on cancer cells, and provide useful data for the potential development of cancer treatments using plasma-activated L-sodium lactate solution.
Genetic association of FKBP5 with trait resilience in Korean male patients with alcohol use disorder
Authors: Park Chun Il , Kim Hae Won , Hwang Syung Shick , Kang Jee In , Kim Se Joo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe FKBP5 gene is known to have an important role in alcohol use disorder (AUD) in response to stress and has been reported to affect stress responses by interacting with childhood trauma. This study investigated the effects of the FKBP5 polymorphism rs1360780 and childhood trauma on trait resilience in male patients with AUD. In addition, allele-specific associations between FKBP5 DNA methylation and resilience were examined. In total, 297 men with AUD were assessed for alcohol use severity, childhood trauma, resilience, and impulsivity. Genotyping for FKBP5 rs1360780 and DNA methylation were analyzed. The effects of the rs1360780 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and clinical variables on resilience were tested using linear regression analysis. Possible associations between FKBP5 DNA methylation and resilience were tested with partial correlation analysis. The rs1360780 risk allele, a low education level, and high impulsivity were associated with diminished resilience, whereas no significant main or interaction effect of childhood trauma with the SNP rs1360780 genotype on resilience was shown. No significant association between FKBP5 DNA methylation and resilience was found. The present study demonstrated the involvement of the rs1360780 risk allele in trait resilience in men with AUD, suggesting that the genetic vulnerability of FKBP5 may influence resilience related to AUD.
Intraoral image generation by progressive growing of generative adversarial network and evaluation of generated image quality by dentists
Authors: Kokomoto Kazuma , Okawa Rena , Nakano Kazuhiko , Nozaki Kazunori 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDentists need experience with clinical cases to practice specialized skills. However, the need to protect patient's private information limits their ability to utilize intraoral images obtained from clinical cases. In this study, since generating realistic images could make it possible to utilize intraoral images, progressive growing of generative adversarial networks are used to generate intraoral images. A total of 35,254 intraoral images were used as training data with resolutions of 128 × 128, 256 × 256, 512 × 512, and 1024 × 1024. The results of the training datasets with and without data augmentation were compared. The Sliced Wasserstein Distance was calculated to evaluate the generated images. Next, 50 real images and 50 generated images for each resolution were randomly selected and shuffled. 12 pediatric dentists were asked to observe these images and assess whether they were real or generated. The d prime of the 1024 × 1024 images was significantly higher than that of the other resolutions. In conclusion, generated intraoral images with resolutions of 512 × 512 or lower were so realistic that the dentists could not distinguish whether they were real or generated. This implies that the generated images can be used in dental education or data augmentation for deep learning, without privacy restrictions.
Unidirectional propagation of the Bloch surface wave excited by the spinning magnetic dipole in two-dimensional photonic crystal slab
Authors: Zhao Li-Ming , Zhou Yun-Song 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) can be realized in a photonic crystal (PC) slab, that is, the unidirectional Bloch surface wave can propagate along the surface of the PC slab under the excitation of elliptical polarized magnetic dipole. It is further proved that PSHE is caused by the interference of the component surface waves excited by the different components of the incident light, which is the so called component wave interference (CWI) theory. In addition, we also find that the spin of the surface wave oscillates periodically in space, and the oscillation period is a unit cell. In a unit cell, the average spin keeps the spin orbit locked. The results show that the spin separation can also be modulated by the position and the polarization state of the magnetic dipole.
Pressure ulcers microbiota dynamics and wound evolution
Authors: Dunyach-Remy Catherine , Salipante Florian , Lavigne Jean-Philippe , Brunaud Maxime , Demattei Christophe , Yahiaoui-Martinez Alex , Bastide Sophie , Palayer Claire , Sotto Albert , Gélis Anthony 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBacterial species and their role in delaying the healing of pressure ulcers (PU) in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients have not been well described. This pilot study aimed to characterise the evolution of the cutaneous microbiota of PU in SCI cohort. Twenty-four patients with SCI from a French neurological rehabilitation centre were prospectively included. PU tissue biopsies were performed at baseline (D0) and 28 days (D28) and analysed using 16S rRNA gene-based sequencing analysis of the V3–V4 region. At D0, if the overall relative abundance of genus highlighted a large proportion ofStaphylococcus, AnaerococcusandFinegoldiahad a significantly higher relative abundance in wounds that stagnated or worsened in comparison with those improved at D28 (3.74% vs 0.05%; p = 0.015 and 11.02% versus 0.16%; p = 0.023, respectively). At D28,ProteusandMorganellagenera were only present in stagnated or worsened wounds with respectively 0.02% (p = 0.003) and 0.01% (p = 0.02). Moreover,Proteus, Morganella, AnaerococcusandPeptoniphiluswere associated within the same cluster, co-isolated from biopsies that had a poor evolution. This pathogroup could be a marker of wound degradation andProteuscould represent a promising target in PU management.
Distinguishing feature of gut microbiota in Tibetan highland coronary artery disease patients and its link with diet
Authors: Ma Yulan , Zhu Lulu , Ma Zhijun , Gao Zhongshan , Wei Yumiao , Shen Youlu , Li Lin , Liu Xingli , Ren Ming 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Tibetan Highlanders is lower than that in plain-living individuals, but the mechanism still unclear. Gut microbiota (GM) disorder is considered one of the potential factors involved in the pathogenesis of CAD, but the GM characteristics of Tibetan Highlanders suffering from CAD are unknown. We sequenced the V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA of gut bacteria from fecal samples from Tibetan and Han CAD patients and healthy individuals inhabiting the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, as well as from Han CAD patients and healthy individuals living at sea level, and we analyzed the GM characteristics of these subjects by bioinformatics analysis. The results showed that Tibetan Highlanders suffering from CAD had higher GM α-diversity, with differently distributed cluster compared with healthy Tibetan Highlanders and Han CAD patients living at high and low altitudes. Genera Catenibacterium, Clostridium_sensu_stricto, Holdemanella, and Ruminococcus 2 were enriched in Tibetan Highlanders suffering from CAD compared with healthy Tibetan Highlanders and Han CAD patients living at high- and low-altitudes. Prevotella was enriched in Tibetan Highlanders suffering from CAD compared with Han CAD patients living at high- and low-altitudes. Moreover, Catenibacterium was positively correlated with Prevotella. Additionally, Catenibacterium, Holdemanella, and Prevotella were positively correlated with fermented dairy product, carbohydrate and fiber intake by the subjects, while Clostridium_sensu_stricto was negatively correlated with protein intake by the subjects. In conclusion, our study indicated that Tibetan Highlanders suffering from CAD showed distinct GM, which was linked to their unique dietary characteristics and might associated with CAD.
Physical insights on transistors based on lateral heterostructures of monolayer and multilayer PtSe2 via Ab initio modelling of interfaces
Authors: Calogero Gaetano , Marian Damiano , Marin Enrique G. , Fiori Gianluca , Iannaccone Giuseppe 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLateral heterostructures (LH) of monolayer-multilayer regions of the same noble transition metal dichalcogenide, such as platinum diselenide (PtSe2), are promising options for the fabrication of efficient two-dimensional field-effect transistors (FETs), by exploiting the dependence of the energy gap on the number of layers and the intrinsically high quality of the heterojunctions. Key for future progress in this direction is understanding the effects of the physics of the lateral interfaces on far-from-equilibrium transport properties. In this work, a multi-scale approach to device simulation, capable to include ab-initio modelling of the interfaces in a computationally efficient way, is presented. As an application, p- and n-type monolayer-multilayer PtSe2LH-FETs are investigated, considering design parameters such as channel length, number of layers and junction quality. The simulations suggest that such transistors can provide high performance in terms of subthreshold characteristics and switching behavior, and that a single channel device is not capable, even in the ballistic defectless limit, to satisfy the requirements of the semiconductor roadmap for the next decade, and that stacked channel devices would be required. It is shown how ab-initio modelling of interfaces provides a reliable physical description of charge displacements in their proximity, which can be crucial to correctly predict device transport properties, especially in presence of strong dipoles, mixed stoichiometries or imperfections.
Retromer dependent changes in cellular homeostasis and Parkinson's disease
Authors: Yang Zhe , Li Zebin , Teasdale Rohan D. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo date, mechanistic treatments targeting the initial cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) are limited due to the underlying biological cause(s) been unclear. Endosomes and their associated cellular homeostasis processes have emerged to have a significant role in the pathophysiology associated with PD. Several variants within retromer complex have been identified and characterised within familial PD patients. The retromer complex represents a key sorting platform within the endosomal system that regulates cargo sorting that maintains cellular homeostasis. In this review, we summarise the current understandings of how PD-associated retromer variants disrupt cellular trafficking and how the retromer complex can interact with other PD-associated genes to contribute to the disease progression.
Dynamical effects of the radiative stellar feedback on the H I-to-H2 transition
Authors: Maillard Vincent , Bron Emeric , Le Petit Franck 
Published: September 2021

Context. The atomic-to-molecular hydrogen (H/H2) transition has been extensively studied as it controls the fraction of gas in a molecular state in an interstellar cloud. This fraction is linked to star-formation by the Schmidt–Kennicutt law. While theoretical estimates of the column density of the H I layer have been proposed for static photodissociation regions (PDRs), Herschel and well-resolved Atacama Large Millimeter Array observations have revealed dynamical effects in star forming regions, caused by the process of photoevaporation.
Aims. We extend the analytic study of the H/H2 transition to include the effects of the propagation of the ionization front, in particular in the presence of photoevaporation at the walls of blister H II regions, and we find its consequences on the total atomic hydrogen column density at the surface of clouds in the presence of an ultraviolet field, and on the properties of the H/H2 transition.
Methods. We solved semi-analytically the differential equation giving the H2 column density profile by taking into account H2 formation on grains, H2 photodissociation, and the ionization front propagation dynamics modeled as advection of the gas through the ionization front.
Results. Taking this advection into account reduces the width of the atomic region compared to static models. The atomic region may disappear if the ionization front velocity exceeds a certain value, leading the H/H2 transition and the ionization front to merge. For both dissociated and merged configurations, we provide analytical expressions to determine the total H I column density. Our results take the metallicity into account. Finally, we compared our results to observations of PDRs illuminated by O-stars, for which we conclude that the dynamical effects are strong, especially for low-excitation PDRs.
What Radiologists Should Know About Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Illies Till , Eckert Bernd , Kehler Uwe 
Published: September 2021

Background Normal pressure hydrocephalus is a disease in elderly patients and one of the most common causes of treatable dementia. It occurs frequently with microangiopathy and Alzheimer’s disease, so that differential diagnosis plays an important role. This is crucially determined by imaging findings. Therapy consists of cerebrospinal fluid drainage through a shunt, which should be performed as early as possible to improve the chances of success.
Method This report is based on a summary of the relevant literature that has been reviewed in PubMed with reference to epidemiology, symptoms, pathophysiology, diagnostics, and therapy. The results were supplemented by the joint guidelines of the German Society of Neurology and the German Society of Neurosurgery.
Results and Conclusion The understanding of the pathophysiologic changes leading to normal pressure hydrocephalus has expanded significantly in recent years to include concepts explaining relevant comorbidities. Diagnosis is based on radiological and clinical indicators, although accurate differentiation with respect to comorbidities is not always possible. A high response rate to treatment can be achieved by good patient selection. Positive prognostic markers for therapeutic success include Disproportionately Enlarged Subarachnoid Space Hydrocephalus (DESH), short disease duration, predominant gait disturbance, and few comorbidities.
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