bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural Solutions that Increase the Dynamic Accuracy of a Wave Solid-State Gyroscope
Authors: Malyutin D. M. 
Published: July 2021

The development of wave solid-state gyroscopes (VTG) is one of the promising areas of development of gyroscopic angular velocity sensors. VTG from the standpoint of manufacturing technology, tuning and control systems, as well as accuracy characteristics, has a number of advantages compared to other types of gyroscopes. When developing VTG, they strive to reduce the gyroscope's own care, zero signal bias, and the non-linearity of the scale factor in the operating temperature range However, when creating the device, due attention is often not paid to the existing opportunities to improve the dynamic accuracy of the gyroscope by developing promising structural solutions for building control circuits and information processing. The solution to this problem was the goal of the work.Using the methods of the theory of automatic control, the dynamics of a wave solid-state gyroscope with a metal resonator and piezoelectric elements in the closed-loop mode of Сoriolis acceleration compensation are studied. Piezoelectric elements perform the functions of displacement and force sensors.Two promising structural solutions for constructing VTG control and information processing circuits are proposed and considered. Relations are established for selecting the parameters of the links of these contours, which provide an increase in the dynamic accuracy of the gyroscope. In the first case, the proposed structure for constructing the VTG allows us to significantly reduce the dynamic errors caused by the difference in the scale coefficient of the VTG at different frequencies of the measured angular velocity in the bandwidth. Such a structure for constructing a VTG can be recommended when solving a measurement problem in which it is necessary to accurately measure the angular velocity, and the phase lag of the output signal in relation to the measured angular velocity is of secondary importance. In the second case, the proposed structure of the VTG construction corresponds to the transfer function of the relative measurement error with secondorder astatism, and the absolute measurement error in the frequency band of 10 Hz does not exceed 0.1 %.
High Power Diode-Pumped Erbium Laser Emitting at Near 1.5 μm
Authors: Gorbachenya K. N. , Kisel V. E. , Yasukevich A. S. , Koporulina E. V. , Volkova E. A. , Maltsev V. V. , Leonyuk N. I. , Kuleshov N. V. 
Published: July 2021

Solid-state lasers emitting in the 1.5–1.6 μm spectral range are very promising for eye-safe laser range finding, ophthalmology, fiber-optic communication systems, and optical location. The aim of this work is the investigation of spectrosposcopic and laser properties of gain medium based on borate crystal for abovementioned lasers.Spectroscopic and laser properties of Er,Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 crystals with different concentrations of dopants were investigated. Polarized absorption and emission cross-section spectra were determined. The ytterbium- erbium energy transfer efficiency was estimated. The maximal energy transfer efficiency up to 97 % was obtained for Er(4 at.%),Yb(11 at.%):YAl3(BO3)4 crystal.The laser operation of heavily doped crystals with erbium concentration up to 4 аt.% (2.2^1020 cm^3) was realized. By using of Er(2 at.%),Yb(11 at.%):YAl3(BO3)4 crystal a maximal continuous- wave (CW) output power of 1.6 W was obtained at 1522 nm with slope efficiency of 32 %. By using of Er(4 at.%),Yb(11 at.%):YAl3(BO3)4 crystal a maximal peak output power up to 2.2 W with slope efficiency of 40 % was realized in quasi-continuous-wave regime of operation. The spatial profile of the output beam was close to TEM00 mode with M2 < 1.2 during all laser experiments.Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that Er,Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 crystals are promising active media for lasers emitting in the spectral range of 1.5-1.6 pm for the usage in laser rangefinder and laser- induced breakdown spectroscopy systems, and LIDARs.
New Industrialization and Trends in Modernization of Belarusian Industry
Authors: Mialeshka Yu. V. 
Published: July 2021

A meaningful characteristic of modern industrial production is given and prospects for the modernization of the Belarusian industry through new industrialization are identified in the paper. In this regard, the objectives of the study have been determined: to consider modern concepts of the transformation of economic systems under the influence of technological progress, to substantively characterize the new industrialization, including to describe the technological and organizational features of the new intentional production, to identify its distinctive features, to determine the prospects for using the concept of new industrialization for modernization of the Belarusian industry. The methodological basis was the general scientific methods and principles of сognition, namely: the method of deduction and induction, the method of comparative analysis, historical approach. The author considers the new industrialization as an economic structure that has developed as a result of the spread of digital technologies in a modern socially-oriented, predominantly market economy. The technological basis of the new industrial production is cyber-physical production systems that operate through the industrial Internet of things, the Internet of services and network mechanisms of interaction between all participants in the value added chain. The development of digital production and digital services entails the digitalization of business models. The result is flexible, adaptive, individualized industrial production through the triad of digital production, digital services and digital business models. When modernizing the Belarusian industrial complex, aimed at developing high-tech and knowledge-intensive industrial production and increasing the efficiency of traditional industries through the use of a wide variety of new technologies, the priority should be the comprehensive digitalization of production, services and business models.
A Comparison of Geological Characteristics of the Main Continental Shale Oil in China and the U.S.
Authors: Li Mengying , Chen Xinkai 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Shale oil is an important strategic resource in the future. The development and utilization of shale oil is a pivotal revolution in the field of fossil energy. The successful development in North America brings new thinking to the world. In recent years, there have been many definitions of shale oil, but no agreement has been reached in the petroleum industry. Marine shale oil is dominant in the United States (the U.S.), while continental shale oil is the counterpart in China. This study takes Uinta Basin, Ordos Basin, and Junggar Basin, for example, to make a comparison of the concept and geological characteristics of shale oil in continental basins between the U.S. and China. Different kinds of shale oil are generated due to the distinctions of sedimentary environments, hydrocarbon supply conditions, and sandy sediment development in different regions. High-quality source rocks have been developed in freshwater and salty water environments of continental lacustrine basins. The lithologies of the Uteland Butte Member, Chang 7 Member, and Lucaogou Formation are lacustrine carbonate rocks, clastic rocks, and mixed sedimentary rocks, respectively. Results indicate that the lower pressure can be identified in continental basins in China. Furthermore, the comparison shows that the Chang 7 Member characterizes lighter crude oil and larger scale of “sweet spot” and the Lucaogou Formation developed a thicker target layer, while the Chang 7 Member is at a disadvantage of insufficient stratum energy and the Lucaogou Formation is difficult in heavier crude oil and higher oil viscosity.
Dynamic Assessment of The Pulmonary Veins in The Cardiac Cycle of Adults Without Heart Disease by Cardiac CT
Authors: Dong Jing , Li Hui , Deng Yu-Jiao , zhou Jin-Rong , Shu Jian , Chen Jing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of cardiac cycle and the traditional risk factors on the four pulmonary veins (PVs) of adults and to determine the phase for measuring the maximum value of PVs.Methods Cardiac CT was performed in 101 subjects. The diameter, area, cross-sectional angle, and coronal-section angle of four PVs in 10 phase were reconstructed and measured at 10% step from 5%-95% R-R interval. The differences in PVs size and spatial angles in cardiac cycles and the correlation between the indicators of four PVs and traditional risk factors were analized using two-level model.Results All the maximum size values of the four PVs were found in 45%, while the minimum values were found in 5% or 95% of cardiac phases. Gender influenced the size of three PVs—right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV), right inferior pulmonary vein (RIPV), and left inferior pulmonary vein (LSPV). The diameter of the RSPV was small in hypertensive patients and smokers. In addition, the cross-sectional angles of the left superior pulmonary vein (LIPV) changed during cardiac cycles, and age affected these changes. We found no changes in the spatial angles of the RSPV, RIPV, and LSPV, as well as the coronal-section angle of the LIPV.Conclusions PVs ostia size of normal person varies during cardiac phases. Compared with nomal person, AF could affect the cardiac phase in which the maximum and minimum of PVs is, and it may lead to a reduction of the PVs’ size slightly.For life science journals only.
A Cluster-based Node Relocation Technique for Connectivity Restoration for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Hassan Mahmood ul , al-wady Amin , Mahmood Khalid , Ali Shahzad , Algamdi Ibrahim , Saeed Muhammad Kashif , Shah Ansar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are widely used in most applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) for efficiently sensing the harsh environments, collecting important data, and sending them to the base station for further analysis. Therefore, the research community worldwide is actively participating in addressing and solving the challenges associated with WSNs. The common issue that is being studied and well-thought-out are how to increase the network's life span by resolving node failure problem and efficient energy utilization. This paper introduces a Cluster-based Node Recovery (CNR) connectivity restoration mechanism based on the concept of clustering. The proposed technique utilizes a distributed cluster-based approach to identify the failed nodes, while Cluster Heads (CHs) play a significant role in the restoration of connectivity. The simulation results show that the proposed technique efficiently addresses node failure and restores the connectivity by moving fewer nodes than other existing connectivity restoration mechanisms.
Determination of Some Body Measurements of Camels With Three Dimensional Modeling Method (3D)
Authors: çağlı Alkan , Yılmaz M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, the use of three-dimensional modeling method was tested in taking some body measurements in camels with a practical method and was compared with other measurement methods. As the animal material of the study, 12 single humped dromedary female camels and 14 double humped Camelus dromedarius X Camelus bactrianus: F1 male camels, totally 26 camels, were used in three camel farms in Incirliova district of Aydın province. The body measurements taken from each animal by using different three methods, namely by Manuel Method (MM), by Photography Method (PM), and by Three Dimensional Modeling Method (3D) were the Cidago Height (CH), the Back Height (BH), the Rump Height (RH), the Body Length (BL), the Brisket Height (BRH), the Abdominal Height (AH), the Shoulder Width (SW) and the Rump Width (RW) and these values were compared with each other. As a result of this study, the mean values of MM and 3D measurement values were very close to each other and the difference between them was found to be statistically insignificant. (P<0.05). The difference between the means of PM and MM/3D measurement values was found to be significant. (P <0.05). In the measurements taken by MM, 3D, PM methods in male camels, the values obtained by MM and 3D methods for CH, BH, RH, BRH, AH, BL, and SW were very close to each other and the differences between them were found insignificant statistically (p < 0.05). On the determined regression graph, a linear was found between MM and 3D measurement values. As a result of this study, it has been determined that the 3D modeling method can be used as a remote and more practical method in determining the morphological features of large-scale animals such as camels more reliably, more easily and more practically.
Cloud-based Energy Efficient and Secure Service Provisioning System for IoT using Blockchain
Authors: Ahmed Adeel , Abdullah Saima 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The energy consumption of the internet of things (IoT) routing protocol can affect the network life span. The high volume of data produced by IoT will result in transmission collision, security, and energy dissipation due to data redundancy because tiny sensors are usually hard to recharge after they are deployed. Generally, to save energy, data aggregation reduces data redundancy at each node by turning some nodes into sleep and some into wake-up mode. The main work is that to group the nodes with high data similarity using the fuzzy matrix. Then, data received from the member nodes at CH are analyzed using a fuzzy similarity matrix for clustering. In the next step, after clustering, some nodes are chosen from all groups as redundant nodes. The sleep scheduling mechanism is then applied to reduce data redundancy, network traffic jamming, and transmission cost. We proposed an energy-efficient data aggregation mechanism (EEDAM) secured by blockchain. The proposed system uses a data aggregation mechanism at the cluster level to save energy. Edge computing is used to provide on-demand trusted services to IoT without minimum delay. Blockchain is integrated inside a cloud server, so the edge is validated by the blockchain to provide secure services to IoT. Finally, we performed simulations to calculate the performance of the proposed mechanism and compared it with the conventional energy-efficient algorithms. The simulation results show that the proposed structural design can successfully reduce the amount of data, provide proper security to IoT, and extend the wireless sensor network (WSN).
Energy Efficient Nodes Clustering and Routing Using Multi-Objective Spider Monkey Optimization Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: S Duraimurugan , R Avudaiammal 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In wireless sensor network (WSN), the gateways which are placed far away from the base station (BS) forward the collected data to the BS through the gateways which are nearer to the BS. This leads to more energy consumption because the gateways nearer to the BS manages heavy traffic load. So, to overcome this issue, loads around the gateways are to be balanced by presenting energy efficient clustering approach. Besides, to enhance the lifetime of the network, optimal routing path is to be established between the source node and BS. For energy efficient load balancing and routing, multi objective based spider monkey optimization (SMO) algorithm is presented in this paper. Using this algorithm, optimal clustering and routing are performed depend on the objective functions routing fitness and clustering fitness. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed SMO based clustering and routing scheme attains better results than that of the existing algorithms in terms of energy consumption, delivery ratio, throughput and network lifetime.
Re-emergence of Avian leukosis virus subgroup J in the rooster of Hy-line brown layers and its transmission pattern in flocks
Authors: Meng Fanfeng , Li Qiuchen , Gao Xintao , Luo Fubing , Shen Guangnian , Liu Xiaodong , Zhang Zhifang , Zhao Peng , Zhang Guozhong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is the most prevalent subgroup in chickens and exhibits increasing pathogenicity and stronger horizontal and vertical transmission ability among different kinds of chickens. Although vertical transmission of ALV-J from hens infected through artificial insemination was reported before by the detection of swabs and serum, but there was no further research on the transmission pattern of ALVs in the roosters. In the present study, the introduction of Hy-line brown roosters significantly increased the p27 positive rate of ALV in an indigenous flock detected by ELISA and virus isolation. Sequence analysis and IFA showed that it is classified into ALV-J subgroup, locating in a new branch compared with the domestic and foreign referential sequences. Meanwhile, the gp85 gene of the ALV-J isolated in the hens and its albumens had a homology of 94.1–99.7% with that in the roosters, which means that the strain is quite likely transmitted to the hens and their offspring through insemination of the roosters. In addition, there are four ALV-J infection status in plasma and semen of rooster (V + S+, V-S+, V + S-, V-S-), so the eradication of ALV in rooster requires simultaneous virus isolation of semen and plasma. Additionally, compared with ALV detection in samples by DF-1 cells, directly detecting ALV in semen by ELISA exists some false positives. Collectively, our results suggested that the incomplete eradication process of roosters leads to the sporadic findings of ALV-J in laying hens
Angiographic Predictors of Spontaneous Obliteration of Transarterial Partially Embolized Brain Arteriovenous Malformations.
Authors: Sultan Ahmed Elsayed , Hassan Tamer , Metwaly Tamer Ibrahim 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: spontaneous obliteration of cerebral arteriovenous malformations is uncommon but could occur after partial embolization. Materials and methods:A retrospective study of 140 patients that underwent embolization for cerebral AVMs from 2005 to August 2019 using liquid embolic agents. The angiographic outcome of patients was classified as regard complete embolization, partial embolization, and complete obliteration after partial embolization. The parameters studied included size, location, number of arterial feeders, number of draining veins, rupture status, embolic agent, and patient factors as well.Results: The study patients included 74 (53%) females and 66 (47%) males. Their age ranged from 7 to 43 years old. One hundred and eight patients (77%) presented with hemorrhage. The AVM grades were grade II in 57 (40.7%) patients and grade III in 56 (39.3%) patients. Sixty-one (43.57%) patients were treated by n-Butyl Cyanoacrylate and 71(50.71%) patients were treated with Onyx, and both materials were used together in 8 cases. Follow-up angiography was done from 6 to 36 months after embolization. The rate of complete occlusion in all patients was 61.43% (86 patients). There were three groups of patients, the first group had complete occlusion of the nidus at the time of embolization and included 68 (48.57%) patients. The second group had partial embolization with partial occlusion of the nidus 54 patients (38.57%). The 3rd group included 18 patients (12.85%) with complete nidal occlusion on follow up after partial embolization. The delay in the venous drainage of the AVM to the late arterial phase or early venous phase with flow stasis was a significant predictor of future obliteration on follow up after partial embolization. Other significant parameters that were associated with the progressive disappearance of the AVM nidus on follow up after partial embolization are presentation with hemorrhage, AVMs size less than 3 cm, the presence of single draining or double draining veins, superficial venous drainage, and one or 2 arterial feeders.Conclusion: spontaneous closure of intracranial arteriovenous malformations after partial embolization may be encountered in cases of stasis of flow during embolization procedure with a delay of the venous drainage. A long-term follow-up of more cases over many years is required to confirm the validity of this conclusion.
Theoretical Approach to Study the Physical Properties of GaAsSb Alloy
Authors: Sharma Arvind , Gupta Gaurav , Bhattarai Sagar , Das T. D. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The physical properties of GaAsSb alloy are studied using a numerical method for a wide range of antimony compositions and temperatures. In the study of the phase diagram, the binodal curve describes the limits of solid solubility. In contrast, the spinodal curve points to the equilibrium solubility limit called the miscibility gap. It signifies that the GaAsSb alloy over intermediate compositions has a stable phase at a normal growth temperature and illustrates a large miscibility gap enclosed by the binodal line. It has been observed that GaAsSb alloy exhibiting the mixing enthalpy of about 1.1 kcal/mole and corresponds to critical temperature Tc by 1580 K. Whereas, the rate at which Debye temperature decreasing along with crystallographic direction Λ by 3.88/%Sb, Σ by 2.85/%Sb, and Δ by 1.59/%Sb. Also, we calculated the specific heat of GaAsSb alloy (35%Sb) at room temperature 49.1076 J/mole K and thermal conductivity by considering the Umklapp processes the dominant scattering mechanism 2.9036 W/mK. We also calculated the threshold energy due to the non-parabolicity effect and seen monotonic variation in temperature-dependent intrinsic carrier concentration of the GaAsSb alloy. Thus, make the right choice for several applications, such as photodetectors, photodiodes, and solar cells, and so on.
Efficient Management Strategy of Malaria Patients in China: A Decision-Tree Modelling Approach
Authors: Li Gang , Zhang Donglan , Chen Zhuo , Feng Da , Cai Xinyan , Chen Xiaoyu , Tang Shangfeng , Feng Zhanchun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Early accurate diagnosis and risk assessment for malaria are crucial for improving patients’ terminal prognosis, and preventing them from progressing to severe or critical state. This study aims to assess the ability of medical institutions at all levels to diagnose malaria and develop a predictive model to guide prevention and reduce diagnostic error.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 494 patients admitted to hospitals with a diagnosis of malaria from January 2014 through December 2016. Descriptive statistics were calculated using Stata 15. Decision tree analysis using the IBM® SPSS® Statistics Version 25 was used to build a model to predict the patients who may be misdiagnosed.Results: Of the 494 patients included in this study, 136 (27.5%) patients sought care through a county-level hospital at their first visit; and 130 (26.3%), 128 (25.9%), and 41 (8.3%) of the patients went to a prefecture-level hospital, village clinic, and provincial-level hospital, respectively. Nearly 60% of malaria patients were misdiagnosed on their first visit, and 18.8% of patients had complications. The median time from onset to the first visit was 2 days (IQR: 0 - 3 days), and the median time from the first visit to diagnosis was 3 days (IQR: 0 - 4 days). The decision tree classification of malaria patients being misdiagnosed consisted of six categorical variables: healthcare facilities for the initial diagnosis, time interval between onset and initial diagnosis, region, residence type, insurance status, and age. Furthermore, the predictive accuracy of the model was 85.0%.Conclusion: Insufficient diagnostic capacity of healthcare facilities with lower administrative levels for the first visit was found to be the most important risk factors in misdiagnosing patients. Researchers and clinicians should consider strengthening the primary care facilities, time interval between onset and initial diagnosis, administrated residence, and health insurance status to reduce diagnostic errors.