bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KARAKTERISTIK MINUMAN PROBIOTIK JAMBU BIJI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BIOKAPSUL Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei Ml.3
Authors: Agustina Agustina , Elida Mutia , Gusmalini Gusmalini , Saufani Iza Ayu 
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to investigate charateristics of red guava probiotics drink by biocapsules Lb. paracasei ssp paracasei Ml.3 like microbia charateristic, chemical properties and nutritional value. The production of biocapsules Lb. paracasei ssp paracasei Ml.3 by extrusion carregenan-skim (2:1) of 12 bio-capsule. The result indicated that the exponential phase of the bio-capsule Lb. paracasei ssp paracasei Ml3 at 17 hours of incubation required 2.09/hours of generation time. The chemical characteristics indicated that the moisture content were 86.74%, ash content 0.13%, protein content 2.04%, fat content 1.93%, and charbohydrate content 9.16%. Additionaly, this product contains 8,253 logCFU/ mL Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei Ml3. According with analysis of nutritional value (diet 2000 kkal) considerable high nutritional value and could be developed for functional food. This nutritional value showed protein were 0.323 kkal (0.16%), fat 0.131 kkal (0.03%), carbohydrate 44.707 kkal (3.19%) and total energy 45.161 kkal.
KUALITAS ES KRIM YOGHURT SINBIOTIK DENGAN VARIASI TEPUNG KOLANG-KALING (Arenga pinnata Merr.)
Authors: Widyaningsih Maria Magdalena Kurni , Purwijantiningsih Ekawati , Swasti Yuliana Reni 
Published: June 2021

Kolang-kaling which is an endosperm of sugar palm fuit (Arenga pinnata Merr.) has relatively low nutritional content, but its fiber content such as Non-digestable Oligosaccharida (NDO) and galactomannan can be used as prebiotic candidate. The combination of the prebiotics and probiotics in a food product is called synbiotic. Synbiotic product in this research were presented in the form of synbiotic yoghurt ice cream. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sugar palm fruit (kolang-kaling) flour on the chemical, physical, microbiology and organoleptic quality of ice cream and determine the concentration of the most suitable flour to produce the best quality of ice cream. The design used was Completely Randomized Design with variation in the addition of the sugar palm fruit flour by 0 % (Control), 1,5 % (A), 3 % (B), and 4,5 % (C). The result of this study showed that the addition of kolang-kaling flour effected the overrun, melting rate, ash content, crude fiber, water soluble fiber, total solid, total titration acid, pH, and viability of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in ice cream, but not exert a significantly different effect on fat and protein content. The symbiotic yoghurt ice cream with the addition of 1,5% kolang kaling flour has the best quality based on chemical, physical, microbiological and organoleptic parameters. Kolang-kaling merupakan endosperma buah aren (Arenga Pinnata Merr.) memiliki kandungan gizi yang relatif rendah, namun kandungan serat seperti oligosaccharida yang tidak dapat dicerna (NDO) dan galaktomanan bisa digunakan sebagai kandidat prebiotik. Kombinasi prebiotik dan probiotik dalam produk makanan disebut sinbiotik. Produk sinbiotik dalam penelitian ini dipresentasikan dalam bentuk es krim yoghurt sinbiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh dari tepung kolang kaling terhadap kualitas es krim yoghurt sinbiotik berdasarkan sifat kimia, fisik, mikrobiologi dan organoleptik serta menentukan konsentrasi tepung kolang kaling yang paling cocok untuk menghasilkan es krim dengan kualitas terbaik. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan variasi penambahan tepung kolang kaling sebanyak 0% (Kontrol), 1,5% (A), 3% (B), dan 4,5% (C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung kolang kaling berpengaruh pada overrun, waktu leleh, kadar abu, serat kasar, serat larut air, total padatan terlarut, total asam titrasi, pH, dan viabilitas bakteri asam laktat (BAL) es krim, tetapi tidak menunjukkan perbedaan secara signifikan pada kandungan lemak dan protein. Es krim yoghurt sinbiotik dengan penambahan tepung kolang-kaling sebanyak 1,5 % menghasilkan kualitas yang paling baik berdasarkan parameter kimia, fisik, mikrobiologi, dan organoleptik.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Cassia Vera (Cinnamomum burmannii, Ness ex Blumm) and Ciplukan (Physalis angulata, L.) Dengan Metode DPPH
Authors: SARI DINI NOVITA , Azima Fauzan , Sayuti Kesuma 
Published: June 2021

Antioksidan adalah senyawa peredam radikal bebas. Cassia vera (Cinnamomum burmannii, Ness ex Blumm) dan ciplukan (Physalis angulata, L.) adalah tumbuhan yang diduga dapat bermanfaat sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan ekstrak cassia vera dan ekstrak ciplukan mempunyai efek antioksidan dengan menangkal radikal bebas DPPH. Cassia vera dan ciplukan diektraksi dengan pelarut etanol masing-masing 96% dan 70%. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak cassia vera dan ciplukan dilakukan dengan metode spektrofotometri menggunakan DPPH. Sampel terdiri dari 7 perbandingan. Masing-masing perbandingan terdiri dari 5 konsentrasi yaitu (10, 30, 50, 70 dan 90) ppm untuk memperoleh suatu persamaan regresi linear dan didapat nilai IC50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbandingan ekstrak cassia vera dan ciplukan masing – masing mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan berbeda-beda untuk meredam 50% radikal bebas DPPH. Nilai IC50 berkisar antara 25,07 ppm – 150,18 ppm. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak cassia vera dan ciplukan dengan perbandingan 7:3 adalah paling tinggi sebagai antioksidan sangat kuat yaitu denga nilai IC50 25,07 ppm dibandingkan dengan perbandingan lainnya, namun perbandingan ekstrak lain juga memilki pengaruh sebagai antioksidan kuat. Kata Kunci : antioksidan, DPPH, ekstrak cassia vera, ekstrak ciplukan, IC50
Punicalagin Attenuates Disturbed Flow-Induced Vascular Dysfunction by Inhibiting Force-Specific Activation of Smad1/5
Authors: Anwaier Gulinigaer , Lian Guan , Ma Gui-Zhi , Shen Wan-Li , Lee Chih-I , Lee Pei-Ling , Chang Zhan-Ying , Wang Yun-Xia , Tian Xiao-Yu , Gao Xiao-Li , Chiu Jeng-Jiann , Qi Rong 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundPathophysiological vascular remodeling in response to disturbed flow with low and oscillatory shear stress (OSS) plays important roles in atherosclerosis progression. Pomegranate extraction (PE) was reported having anti-atherogenic effects. However, whether it can exert a beneficial effect against disturbed flow-induced pathophysiological vascular remodeling to inhibit atherosclerosis remains unclear. The present study aims at investigating the anti-atherogenic effects of pomegranate peel polyphenols (PPP) extraction and its purified compound punicalagin (PU), as well as their protective effects on disturbed flow-induced vascular dysfunction and their underlying molecular mechanisms.MethodsThe anti-atherogenic effects of PPP/PU were examined on low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice fed with a high fat diet. The vaso-protective effects of PPP/PU were examined in rat aortas using myograph assay. A combination of in vivo experiments on rats and in vitro flow system with human endothelial cells (ECs) was used to investigate the pharmacological actions of PPP/PU on EC dysfunction induced by disturbed flow. In addition, the effects of PPP/PU on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction were also examined.ResultsPU is the effective component in PPP against atherosclerosis. PPP/PU evoked endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat aortas. PPP/PU inhibited the activation of Smad1/5 in the EC layers at post-stenotic regions of rat aortas exposed to disturbed flow with OSS. PPP/PU suppressed OSS-induced expression of cell cycle regulatory and pro-inflammatory genes in ECs. Moreover, PPP/PU inhibited inflammation-induced VSMC dysfunction.ConclusionPPP/PU protect against OSS-induced vascular remodeling through inhibiting force-specific activation of Smad1/5 in ECs and this mechanism contributes to their anti-atherogenic effects.
Evaluation Method of Movable Shale Oil Resource: A Case Study of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Sag, Jiyang Depression
Authors: Xu Liang , Wang Min , Li Jinbu , Li Ming , Li Zheng , Zhu Rifang , Liu Huimin 
Published: June 2021

Although China has enormous shale oil resource potential, oil recovery is limited at present, largely because its movable resource is not evaluated. In this study, an evaluation method for movable shale oil resources is proposed. The process first evaluates the total shale oil resource (Qtotal), and then two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology is used to measure the free oil ratio (Rfree) and further define the quantitative relationship (F) between the movable ratio (Rm) in the free oil and centrifugal force. The movable oil resource is calculated by the total shale oil resource, free oil ratio, and movable oil ratio (Qm = Qtotal × Rfree × Rm). This method was applied to the Shahejie Formation of the Dongying Sag, Jiyang Depression, in Bohai Bay Basin, and the relationship between the free oil ratio (Rfree) and depth was established based on several core 2D NMR data. Based on the formation pressure, flowing bottom hole pressure, and relationship (F), the movable shale oil ratio (Rm) in the target area was determined. The results showed that the movable shale oil ratio (Rm) of the lower Es3 is approximately 18.9–20% in the depth range of 3,200–3,700 m, and the movable shale oil resource is approximately 2.52 × 108 t.
Improved Simulation of Arctic Circumpolar Land Area Snow Properties and Soil Temperatures
Authors: Royer Alain , Picard Ghislain , Vargel Céline , Langlois Alexandre , Gouttevin Isabelle , Dumont Marie 
Published: June 2021

The impact of high latitude climate warming on Arctic snow cover and its insulating properties has key implications for the surface and soil energy balance. Few studies have investigated specific trends in Arctic snowpack properties because there is a lack of long-term in situ observations and current detailed snow models fail to represent the main traits of Arctic snowpacks. This results in high uncertainty in modeling snow feedbacks on ground thermal regime due to induced changes in snow insulation. To better simulate Arctic snow structure and snow thermal properties, we implemented new parameterizations of several snow physical processes—including the effect of Arctic low vegetation and wind on snowpack—in the Crocus detailed snowpack model. Significant improvements compared to standard Crocus snow simulations and ERA-Interim (ERAi) reanalysis snow outputs were observed for a large set of in-situ snow data over Siberia and North America. Arctic Crocus simulations produced improved Arctic snow density profiles over the initial Crocus version, leading to a soil surface temperature bias of −0.5 K with RMSE of 2.5 K. We performed Crocus simulations over the past 39 years (1979–2018) for circumpolar taiga (open forest) and pan-Arctic areas at a resolution of 0.5°, driven by ERAi meteorological data. Snowpack properties over that period feature significant increase in spring snow bulk density (mainly in May and June), a downward trend in snow cover duration and an upward trend in wet snow (mainly in spring and fall). The pan-Arctic maximum snow water equivalent shows a decrease of −0.33 cm dec−1. With the ERAi air temperature trend of +0.84 K dec−1 featuring Arctic winter warming, these snow property changes have led to an upward trend in soil surface temperature (Tss) at a rate of +0.41 K dec−1 in winter. We show that the implemented snowpack property changes increased the Tss trend by 36% compared to the standard simulation. Winter induced changes in Tss led to a significant increase of 16% (+4 cm dec−1) in the estimated active layer thickness (ALT) over the past 39 years. An increase in ALT could have a significant impact on permafrost evolution, Arctic erosion and hydrology.
Integrated Multiomic Analysis Reveals the High-Fat Diet Induced Activation of the MAPK Signaling and Inflammation Associated Metabolic Cascades via Histone Modification in Adipose Tissues
Authors: Wang Zhe , Zhu Ming , Wang Meng , Gao Yihui , Zhang Cong , Liu Shangyun , Qu Shen , Liu Zhongmin , Zhang Chao 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe number of diet induced obese population is increasing every year, and the incidence of type 2 diabetes is also on the rise. Histone methylation and acetylation have been shown to be associated with lipogenesis and obesity by manipulating gene expression via the formation of repression or activation domains on chromosomes.ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to explore gene activation or repression and related biological processes by histone modification across the whole genome on a high-fat diet (HFD) condition. We also aimed to elucidate the correlation of these genes that modulated by histone modification with energy metabolism and inflammation under both short-term and long-term HFD conditions.MethodWe performed ChIP-seq analysis of H3K9me2 and H3K9me3 in brown and white adipose tissues (WATs; subcutaneous adipose tissue) from mice fed with a standard chow diet (SCD) or HFD and a composite analysis of the histone modification of H3K9me2, H3K9me3, H3K4me1 and H3K27ac throughout the whole genome. We also employed and integrated two bulk RNA-seq and a single-nuclei RNA sequencing dataset and performed western blotting (WB) to confirm the gene expression levels in adipose tissue of the SCD and HFD groups.ResultsThe ChIP-seq and transcriptome analysis of mouse adipose tissues demonstrated that a series of genes were activated by the histone modification of H3K9me2, H3K9me3, H3K4me1, and H3K27ac in response to HFD condition. These genes were enriched in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways involved in lipogenesis, energy metabolism and inflammation. Several genes in the activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway might be related to both inflammation and energy metabolism in mice, rats and humans fed with HFD for a short or long term, as showed by bulk RNA-seq and single nuclei RNA-seq datasets. Western blot analyses further confirmed the increased expression of MET, VEGFA and the enhanced phosphorylation ratio of p44/42 MAPK upon HFD treatment.ConclusionThis study expanded our understanding of the influence of eating behavior on obesity and could assist the identification of putative therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders in the future.
Role of the F-BAR Family Member PSTPIP2 in Autoinflammatory Diseases
Authors: Xu Jie-Jie , Li Hai-Di , Du Xiao-Sa , Li Juan-Juan , Meng Xiao-Ming , Huang Cheng , Li Jun 
Published: June 2021

Proline-serine-threonine-phosphatase-interacting protein 2 (PSTPIP2) belongs to the Fes/CIP4 homology-Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (F-BAR) domain family. It exhibits lipid-binding, membrane deformation, and F-actin binding activity, suggesting broader roles at the membrane–cytoskeleton interface. PSTPIP2 is known to participate in macrophage activation, neutrophil migration, cytokine production, and osteoclast differentiation. In recent years, it has been observed to play important roles in innate immune diseases and autoinflammatory diseases (AIDs). Current research indicates that the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP-PEST, Src homology domain-containing inositol 5’-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1), and C‐terminal Src kinase (CSK) can bind to PSTPIP2 and inhibit the development of AIDs. However, the mechanisms underlying the function of PSTPIP2 have not been fully elucidated. This article reviews the research progress and mechanisms of PSTPIP2 in AIDs. PSTPIP2 also provides a new therapeutic target for the treatment of AIDs.
The Scientific and Clinical Case for Reviewing Diagnostic Radiopharmaceutical Extravasation Long-Standing Assumptions
Authors: Osborne Dustin , Lattanze Ronald , Knowland Josh , Bryant Tonia E. , Barvi Iryna , Fu Yitong , Kiser Jackson W. 
Published: June 2021

Background:The patient benefit from a diagnostic nuclear medicine procedure far outweighs the associated radiation risk. This benefit/risk ratio assumes a properly administered radiopharmaceutical. However, a significant diagnostic radiopharmaceutical extravasation can confound the procedure in many ways. We identified three current extravasation hypotheses espoused by medical societies, advisory committees, and hundreds of individual members of the nuclear medicine community: diagnostic extravasations do not cause harm, do not result in high absorbed dose to tissue, and require complex dosimetry methods that are not readily available in nuclear medicine centers. We tested these hypotheses against a framework of current knowledge, recent developments, and original research. We conducted a literature review, searched regulatory databases, examined five clinical cases of extravasated patients, and performed dosimetry on those extravasations to test these globally accepted hypotheses.Results:A literature review found 58 peer-reviewed documents suggesting patient harm. Adverse event/vigilance report database reviews for extravasations were conducted and revealed 38 adverse events which listed diagnostic radiopharmaceutical extravasation as a factor, despite a regulatory exemption for required reporting. In our own case material, assessment of care was evaluated for five extravasated patients who underwent repeat imaging. Findings reflected results of literature review and included mis- or non-identification of lesions, underestimation of Standardized Uptake Values (SUVs) by 19–73%, classification of scans as non-diagnostic, and the need to repeat imaging with the associated additional radiation exposure, inconvenience, or delays in care. Dosimetry was performed for the same five cases of diagnostic radiopharmaceutical extravasation. Absorbed doses to 5 cm3of tissue were between 1.1 and 8.7 Gy, and shallow dose equivalent for 10 cm2of skin was as high as 4.2 Sv.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that significant extravasations can or have caused patient harm and can irradiate patients' tissue with doses that exceed medical event reporting limits and deterministic effect thresholds. Therefore, diagnostic radiopharmaceutical injections should be monitored, and dosimetry of extravasated tissue should be performed in certain cases where thresholds are thought to have been exceeded. Process improvement efforts should be implemented to reduce the frequency of extravasation in nuclear medicine.
Dermoscopic Features Summarization and Comparison of Four Types of Cutaneous Vascular Anomalies
Authors: Gao Jing , Fei Wenmin , Shen Changbing , Shen Xue , Sun Minghui , Xu Ning , Li Qing , Huang Cong , Zhang Tingfang , Ko Randy , Cui Yong , Yang Chunjun 
Published: June 2021

Objective: Dermoscopic features of cutaneous vascular anomalies have been reported, but the described features currently known are limited and not well-understood. The aim of this study is to comprehensively summarize and compare the dermoscopic features of the four different types of cutaneous vascular anomalies [infantile hemangiomas (IH), cherry angioma (CA), angiokeratomas (AK), and pyogenic granuloma (PG)] in the Chinese Han population.Materials and Methods: Dermoscopic features of 31 IH, 172 CA, 31 AK, and 45 PG were collected based on the contact non-polarized mode of dermoscopy at 20-fold magnification. Dermoscopic features including background, lacunae, vessel morphology and distribution were collected and summarized. Additionally, we compared these features by age stage, gender, and anatomical locations in CA.Results: The dermoscopic features of IH included the red lacunae, red/red-blue/red-white backgrounds, and vessel morphology such as linear curved vessels, serpiginous vessels, coiled vessels. For CA, the lacunae appeared reddish brown to reddish blue or only red. In terms of vascular morphology, serpentine vessels, coiled vessels, looped vessels, and curved vessels could be seen in the lesions. A few lesions were black or presented with a superficial white veil. There were statistical differences in red background (P = 0.021), unspecific vessel distribution (P = 0.030), black area (P = 0.029), and white surface (P = 0.042) among different age groups. Red-brown lacunae (P = 0.039), red-blue (P = 0.013), red-white background (P = 0.015), black area (P = 0.016), and white surface (P = 0.046) were of statistical difference in terms of the locations of lesions. Lacunae were also observed in AK, which presented with red, dark purple, dark blue, black. Global dermoscopic patterns that were characterized by a homogeneous area were obvious in all PG lesions, among which 30 (66.7%) were red-white and 15 (33.3%) were red. As for local features, “white rail” lines were detected in 19 (42.2%) lesions and white collarette was seen in 34 (75.6%) lesions.Conclusions: Dermoscopy is an applicable diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of cutaneous vascular anomalies. It is necessary to take into account the age stage and lesion location when we diagnose CA using dermoscopy.
Analysis of the Prognostic Value and Gene Expression Mechanism of SHOX2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Nanhong , Zeng Yu , Tai Min , Lin Biyun , Zhu Di , Luo Yi , Ren Xinle , Zhu Xiaoying , Li Lanlan , Wu Hongrong , Huang Jian 
Published: June 2021

Background: Detection of SHOX2 methylation has been used to assist in the early diagnosis of lung cancer in many hospitals as SHOX2 may be important in the tumorigenesis of lung cancer. However, there are few studies on the mRNA expression, methylation, and molecular mechanism of SHOX2 in lung cancer. We aimed to explore the role of SHOX2 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).Methods: First, we examined the differential expression of SHOX2 mRNA and methylation in cancerous and normal tissues using databases. Second, we analyzed the relationship between SHOX2 expression and common clinical parameters in LUAD patients. Third, we further explored the methylated level and its specific location of SHOX2 and the mainly factors of SHOX2 gene expression. Finally, we screened the correlatively expressed genes to analyze the pathways from the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes using DAVID.Results: We found that the mRNA expression of SHOX2 was higher in multiple cancers, including LUAD and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), than in normal tissues. Among LUAD patients, SHOX2 expression was higher in patients of middle–young age, with smoking history, in advanced stages, and with nodal distant metastasis. In addition, our results showed that patients with high expression of SHOX2 are prone to recurrence, poor differentiation, and poor prognosis. Thus, we identified that SHOX2 might be an oncogene for LUAD progression. The main factor influencing the high expression of SHOX2 mRNA may be DNA methylation, followed by copy number variation (CNV), but not by gene mutations in LUAD. Unexpectedly, we found that SHOX2 undergoes hypomethylation in the gene body instead of hypermethylation in the promoter. Additionally, SHOX2 has cross talk in the PI3K–Akt signaling pathway and ECM–receptor interaction.Conclusion:SHOX2 is highly expressed in most cancers. SHOX2 gene expression might be mainly regulated by methylation of its gene body in LUAD, and its high expression or hypomethylation indicates poor differentiation and poor prognosis. SHOX2 could be involved in PI3K–Akt and other important cancer-related signaling pathways to promote tumorigenesis.