bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Video Bioinformatics Analysis of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Morphology, Quality, and Cellular Dynamics
Authors: Lin Sabrina C. , Loza Antonio , Antrim Lauren , Talbot Prue 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
StemCellQC is a video bioinformatics software tool for the quantitative analysis of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) colonies. Our objective was to use StemCellQC to evaluate and compare various experimental culture conditions, cell lines, and treatments and to demonstrate its applicability to PSC problems. Seven key features were identified that provided useful information on PSC morphology, dynamic behavior, and viability. Colony attachment was better on laminin-521 than on Matrigel and Geltrex. Growth rates were similar on each matrix when data were normalized. The brightness/area ratio feature showed greater cell death in colonies grown on Matrigel and Geltrex than on laminin-521 further contributing to an overall greater yield of cells on laminin-521. Four different PSC culture media performed similarly; however, one medium produced batch-to-batch variation in colony morphology and dynamic features. Two embryonic and one induced pluripotent stem cell line showed significant differences in morphology, growth rates, motility, and death rates. Cells from the same vial that became phenotypically different in culture showed measurable differences in morphology, brightness, and motility. Likewise, differentiating and undifferentiated colonies varied in growth rate, intensity, and motility. Three pluripotent cell lines treated with a low concentration of cinnamaldehyde, a chemical used in consumer products, showed adverse effects and differed in their sensitivity to treatment. Our data demonstrate various applications of StemCellQC which could be used in basic and translational research, toxicological and drug testing, and clinical facilities engaged in stem cell therapy.
Toward Flexible Zinc–Air Batteries with Self‐Supported Air Electrodes
Authors: Yang Maomao , Shu Xinxin , Pan Wei , Zhang Jintao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe compelling demand for higher energy performance, flexibility, and miniaturization is the main driving force of the energy storage and conversion industry's quest for flexible devices based on new integration and fabrication process. Herein, the recent advances on the development of flexible zinc–air batteries based on self‐supported air electrodes are summarized, focusing on the multiscale and systematic design principles for the design of flexible air electrodes. With the electrocatalytic activity regulation and structural engineering strategies, the rational design of self‐supported air electrodes is discussed in integrated devices to underpin the good flexibility for wearable requirement. The perspectives on promising developments of flexible zinc–air batteries and the accumulated knowledge from other flexible devices are also addressed for promoting the advances on flexible zinc–air batteries.
Water Splitting Induced by Visible Light at a Copper‐Based Single‐Molecule Junction
Authors: Fukuzumi Risa , Buerkle Marius , Li Yu , Kaneko Satoshi , Li Peihui , Kobayashi Shuji , Fujii Shintaro , Kiguchi Manabu , Nakamura Hisao , Tsukagoshi Kazuhito , Nishino Tomoaki 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWater splitting is an essential process for converting light energy into easily storable energy in the form of hydrogen. As environmentally preferable catalysts, Cu‐based materials have attracted attention as water‐splitting catalysts. To enhance the efficiency of water splitting, a reaction process should be developed. Single‐molecule junctions (SMJs) are attractive structures for developing these reactions because the molecule electronic state is significantly modulated, and characteristic electromagnetic effects can be expected. Here, water splitting is induced at Cu‐based SMJ and the produced hydrogen is characterized at a single‐molecule scale by employing electron transport measurements. After visible light irradiation, the conductance states originate from Cu/hydrogen molecule/Cu junctions, while before irradiation, only Cu/water molecule/Cu junctions were observed. The vibration spectra obtained from inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy combined with the first‐principles calculations reveal that the water molecule trapped between the Cu electrodes is decomposed and that hydrogen is produced. Time‐dependent and wavelength‐dependent measurements show that localized‐surface plasmon decomposes the water molecule in the vicinity of the junction. These findings indicate the potential ability of Cu‐based materials for photocatalysis.
Shikonin ameliorates injury and inflammatory response of LPS‐stimulated WI‐38 cells via modulating the miR‐489‐3p/MAP2K1 axis
Authors: Wang Jinchun , Chen Zhujing , Feng Xiaojing , Yin Lu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPneumonia is an inflammatory disease induced by infection with different pathogens. Currently, multiple preclinical studies have revealed that shikonin, a natural naphthoquinone, can mitigate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammation, but its underlying mechanism in pneumonia remains unknown. This research was designed to explore the function and regulatory mechanism of shikonin in LPS‐induced cell injury and inflammation in WI‐38 cells. In‐vitro model of pneumonia was constructed by treating WI‐38 cells with LPS. Expression of miR‐489‐3p and MAP2K1 was tested by RT‐qPCR and (or) Western blot analysis. Cell viability was examined by 3‐(4,5)‐dimethylthiahiazo (−z‐y1)‐3,5‐di‐phenytetrazoliumromide assay. The productions of pro‐inflammatory cytokines were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Cell apoptosis was detected by Western blot and flow cytometry analysis. In the current study, LPS induced WI‐38 cell damage by inhibiting cell viability and promoting cell apoptosis and inflammation. Shikonin ameliorated LPS‐induced cell injury and elevated miR‐489‐3p expression. LPS‐induced inflammatory injury was further mitigated by upregulation of miR‐489‐3p. In addition, MAP2K1, the target of miR‐489‐3p, was upregulated by LPS. Furthermore, upregulation of MAP2K1 reversed the influence of shikonin and miR‐489‐3p mimics on LPS‐induced cell injury and inflammation. This study revealed that shikonin protected WI‐38 cells against LPS‐induced cell injury and inflammatory response by regulating the miR‐489‐3p/MAP2K1 axis, thus affecting the progression of pneumonia.
The therapeutic effects of Prunella vulgaris against fluoride‐induced oxidative damage by using the metabolomics method
Authors: Li Li , Lin Li‐mei , Deng Jing , Lin Xiu‐lian , Li Ya‐mei , Xia Bo‐hou 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFluoride is considered as one of the most ubiquitous environmental pollutants. Numerous studies have linked reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐dependent oxidative damage with fluoride intoxication, which could be prevented by antioxidants. However, the metabolomic changes induced by ROS disruptions in fluoride intoxication are yet unknown. The present study aimed to provide novel mechanistic insights into the fluoride‐induced oxidative damage and to investigate the potential protective effects of ethanolic extract of Prunella vulgaris (natural antioxidant, PV) against fluoride‐induced oxidative damage. The serum biochemical indicators related to fluoride‐induced oxidative damage, such as lipid peroxidation parameter, inflammation and marker enzymes in the liver increased significantly in the fluoride‐treated group, while antioxidant enzymes were decreased. However, PV treatment restored the level of these biochemical indicators, indicating satisfactory antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and hepatoprotective potential of PV. The metabolomics analysis in the serum was performed by liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy, whereas the fluoride treatment caused severe metabolic disorders in rats, which could be improved by PV. The differential metabolites screened by multivariate analysis after fluoride and PV treatment, were organic acids, fatty acids, and lipids. These differential metabolites represented disorders of glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism and the citrate cycle (TCA) according to metabolic pathway analysis in fluoride treatment rats. Interestingly, the result of metabolic pathway analysis of post‐treatment with PV was consistent with that of fluoride treatment, indicating that the energy metabolism plays a major role in the progress of fluoride‐induced oxidative damage, as well as the therapeutic effect of PV. These findings provided a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism underlying metabolic disorders of fluoride toxicity and the effect of PV.
Inflammatory bowel disease integral care units: Evaluation of a nationwide quality certification programme. The GETECCU experience
Authors: Barreiro‐de Acosta Manuel , Gutiérrez Ana , Zabana Yamile , Beltrán Belén , Calvet Xavier , Chaparro María , Domènech Eugeni , Esteve Maria , Panés Julian , Gisbert Javier P. , Nos Pilar ,   on behalf GETECCU
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundOne of the most valued targets in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is for physicians to provide and patients to receive a high‐level quality of care. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of a nationwide quality certification programme for IBD units.MethodsIdentification of quality indicators (QI) for IBD Unit certification was based on Delphi methodology that selected 53 QI, which were subjected to a normalisation process. Selected QI were then used in the certification process. Coordinated by GETECCU, this process began with a consulting round and an audit drill followed by a formal audit carried out by an independent certifying agency. This audit involved the scrutiny of the selected QI in medical records. If 80%–90% compliance was achieved, the IBD unit audited received the qualification of “advanced”, and if it exceeded 90% the rating was “excellence”. Afterwards, an anonymous survey was conducted among certified units to assess satisfaction with the programme for IBD units.ResultsAs of January 2021, 66 IBD units adhere to the nationwide certification programme. Among the 53 units already audited by January 2021, 31 achieved the certification of excellence, 20 the advanced certification, and two did not obtain the certification. The main survey results indicated high satisfaction with an average score of 8.5 out of 10.ConclusionCertification of inflammatory bowel disease units by GETECCU is the largest nationwide certification programme for IBD units reported. More than 90% of IBD units adhered to the programme achieved the certification.
Transvaginal ultrasound for diagnosis of deep endometriosis involving uterosacral ligaments, torus uterinus and posterior vaginal fornix: prospective study
Authors: Ros C. , de Guirior C. , Mension E. , Rius M. , Valdés‐Bango M. , Tortajada M. , Matas I. , Martínez‐Zamora M. Á. , Gracia M. , Carmona F. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) in diagnosing deep endometriosis (DE) involving the uterosacral ligaments (USLs), torus uterinus (TU) or posterior vaginal fornix (PVF) in women with suspected endometriosis scheduled for laparoscopic surgery.MethodsIn this prospective study, consecutive women with clinically suspected pelvic endometriosis who were scheduled for laparoscopic surgery were invited to participate. TVS was performed before surgery. TVS findings were compared with those obtained at laparoscopy and confirmed histologically. The accuracy of TVS for diagnosing DE involving the USLs, TU or PVF was assessed. Additionally, the association of DE involving the USLs, TU or PVF on TVS with symptoms and with DE affecting other pelvic locations was assessed.ResultsIn total, 172 patients were included. The global sensitivity and specificity of TVS in diagnosing DE affecting the USLs, TU and/or PVF were 92% and 87%, respectively. For DE involving the USLs, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio of TVS were 89.5%, 96.6%, 82.1%, 85.0%, 95.8%, 5.41 and 0.04, respectively; the respective values for DE involving the TU were 86.6%, 83.9%, 89.4%, 89.0%, 84.4%, 7.92 and 0.18, and the respective values for DE involving the PVF were 93.6%, 87.0%, 94.6%, 71.4%, 97.9%, 16.20 and 0.14. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between DE affecting the USLs, TU and/or PVF and DE affecting the rectosigmoid (odds ratio, 5.43; P < 0.001). Dyschezia was associated strongly with DE involving the USLs, TU and PVF, while dysmenorrhea was associated significantly with DE involving the TU.ConclusionTVS has high accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for the detection of DE involving the USLs, TU and PVF in women with suspected endometriosis scheduled for laparoscopic surgery. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Metal failure effects predicted accurately with a unified and explicit criterion
Authors: Wang Si‐Yu , Zhan Lin , Bruhns Otto Timme , Xiao Heng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA new criterion for predicting metal failure effects under cyclic loading conditions is derived from an innovative elastoplasticity model established most recently. As compared with usual approaches, novel results with this new criterion are presented in four respects: (i) both low and high cycle fatigue effects can be simultaneously simulated in a unified and direct manner; (ii) cumbersome trial‐and‐error procedures in identifying numerous unknown parameters can be bypassed; (iii) time‐consuming numerical procedures are not involved in treating responses in cyclic loading processes; and, for the first time, (iv) data sets for fatigue failure can be simultaneously matched for various cases of the cyclic stress ratio. Numerical examples show that model predictions are in accurate agreement with test data.
Quantum Zeno Effect in Open Quantum Systems
Authors: Becker Simon , Datta Nilanjana , Salzmann Robert 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe prove the quantum Zeno effect in open quantum systems whose evolution, governed by quantum dynamical semigroups, is repeatedly and frequently interrupted by the action of a quantum operation. For the case of a quantum dynamical semigroup with a bounded generator, our analysis leads to a refinement of existing results and extends them to a larger class of quantum operations. We also prove the existence of a novel strong quantum Zeno limit for quantum operations for which a certain spectral gap assumption, which all previous results relied on, is lifted. The quantum operations are instead required to satisfy a weaker property of strong power-convergence. In addition, we establish, for the first time, the existence of a quantum Zeno limit for open quantum systems in the case of unbounded generators. We also provide a variety of physically interesting examples of quantum operations to which our results apply.
Tate motives on Witt vector affine flag varieties
Authors: Richarz Timo , Scholbach Jakob 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRelying on recent advances in the theory of motives we develop a general formalism for derived categories of motives with$${\mathbf{Q}}$$Q-coefficients on perfect$$\infty $$∞-prestacks. We construct Grothendieck’s six functors for motives over perfect (ind-)schemes perfectly of finite presentation. Following ideas of Soergel–Wendt, this is used to study basic properties of stratified Tate motives on Witt vector partial affine flag varieties. As an application we give a motivic refinement of Zhu’s geometric Satake equivalence for Witt vector affine Grassmannians in this set-up.
Refined floor diagrams from higher genera and lambda classes
Authors: Bousseau Pierrick 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe show that, after the change of variables $$q=e^{iu}$$

q
=

e

iu

, refined floor diagrams for $${\mathbb {P}}^2$$

P

2

and Hirzebruch surfaces compute generating series of higher genus relative Gromov–Witten invariants with insertion of a lambda class. The proof uses an inductive application of the degeneration formula in relative Gromov–Witten theory and an explicit result in relative Gromov–Witten theory of $${\mathbb {P}}^1$$

P

1

. Combining this result with the similar looking refined tropical correspondence theorem for log Gromov–Witten invariants, we obtain a non-trivial relation between relative and log Gromov–Witten invariants for $${\mathbb {P}}^2$$

P

2

and Hirzebruch surfaces. We also prove that the Block–Göttsche invariants of $${\mathbb {F}}_0$$

F
0

and $${\mathbb {F}}_2$$

F
2

are related by the Abramovich–Bertram formula.
Experimental research of liquid-fueled continuously rotating detonation chamber
Authors: Wolański P. , Balicki W. , Perkowski W. , Bilar A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractResearch on the application of liquid fuels to continuously rotating detonation was conducted. A new method of mixture preparation was proposed. A special system of liquid fuel injection was designed and tested which is based on injecting into the detonation chamber a preheated liquid fuel partially mixed with hot air at conditions higher than the rich flammability limit. The specially selected conditions allow all liquid fuel to evaporate in the supply system but prevent it from ignition before entering the detonation chamber. Experiments were conducted for two different liquid fuels, extraction gasoline and Jet-A fuel. Research was carried out for different equivalence ratios, and in all tested conditions detonation was achieved. The new tested method of liquid fuel preparation and injection into a cylindrical detonation chamber opens a way of application of liquid fuels to engines which utilize continuously rotating detonation and thus prepares the way for practical application of detonative combustion to turbine engines and jet propulsion systems.
Explicit motor sequence learning after stroke: a neuropsychological study
Authors: Russo Cristina , Veronelli Laura , Casati Carlotta , Monti Alessia , Perucca Laura , Ferraro Francesco , Corbo Massimo , Vallar Giuseppe , Bolognini Nadia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMotor learning interacts with and shapes experience-dependent cerebral plasticity. In stroke patients with paresis of the upper limb, motor recovery was proposed to reflect a process of re-learning the lost/impaired skill, which interacts with rehabilitation. However, to what extent stroke patients with hemiparesis may retain the ability of learning with their affected limb remains an unsolved issue, that was addressed by this study. Nineteen patients, with a cerebrovascular lesion affecting the right or the left hemisphere, underwent an explicit motor learning task (finger tapping task, FTT), which was performed with the paretic hand. Eighteen age-matched healthy participants served as controls. Motor performance was assessed during the learning phase (i.e., online learning), as well as immediately at the end of practice, and after 90 min and 24 h (i.e., retention). Results show that overall, as compared to the control group, stroke patients, regardless of the side (left/right) of the hemispheric lesion, do not show a reliable practice-dependent improvement; consequently, no retention could be detected in the long-term (after 90 min and 24 h). The motor learning impairment was associated with subcortical damage, predominantly affecting the basal ganglia; conversely, it was not associated with age, time elapsed from stroke, severity of upper-limb motor and sensory deficits, and the general neurological condition. This evidence expands our understanding regarding the potential of post-stroke motor recovery through motor practice, suggesting a potential key role of basal ganglia, not only in implicit motor learning as previously pointed out, but also in explicit finger tapping motor tasks.
Management of chronic Achilles ruptures: a scoping review
Authors: Arshad Zaki , Lau Edward Jun Shing , Leow Shu Hui , Bhatia Maneesh 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurposeThis scoping review aims to systematically map and summarise the available evidence on the management of chronic Achilles ruptures, whilst identifying prognostic factors and areas of future research.MethodsA scoping review was performed according to the frameworks of Arksey and O’Malley, Levac and Peters. A computer-based search was performed in PubMed, Embase, EmCare, CINAHL, ISI Web of Science and Scopus, for articles reporting treatment of chronic Achilles ruptures. Two reviewers independently performed title/abstract and full text screening according to pre-defined selection criteria.ResultsA total of 747 unique articles were identified, of which 73 (9.8%) met all inclusion criteria. A variety of methods are described, with flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer being the most common. The most commonly reported outcome is the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, although 16 other measures were reported in the literatures. All studies comparing pre- and post-operative outcomes reported significant post-treatment improvement. Complications were reported in 50 studies, with an overall pooled complication rate of 168/1065 (15.8%).ConclusionAlthough beneficial results were reported following a variety of techniques, comparison between these is challenging due to the low-level study designs used and confounding factors such as treatment delay and tendon gap size. Further research comparing the efficacy of different techniques is required in order to facilitate the development of an evidence-based treatment protocol. Such work would allow clinicians to better understand the suitability of the large variety of reported techniques and select the optimal strategy for each individual patient.
A Cheeger Cut for Uniform Hypergraphs
Authors: Mulas Raffaella 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe graph Cheeger constant and Cheeger inequalities are generalized to the case of hypergraphs whose edges have the same cardinality. In particular, it is shown that the second largest eigenvalue of the generalized normalized Laplacian is bounded both above and below by the generalized Cheeger constant, and the corresponding eigenfunctions can be used to approximate the Cheeger cut.
Organic food use, meat intake, and prevalence of gestational diabetes: KOALA birth cohort study
Authors: Simões-Wüst Ana Paula , Moltó-Puigmartí Carolina , van Dongen Martien C. J. M. , Thijs Carel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate whether consumption of organic food and reduced intake of meat products in pregnancy are associated with lower prevalence of gestational diabetes (GD).MethodsWomen participating in the KOALA Birth Cohort Study with valid informed consent, a singleton pregnancy and information on their food intake were considered in this cross-sectional analysis. Participants with and without GD were compared with each other in terms of dietary characteristics (n = 37 andn = 2766, respectively). Multivariable logistic regression (LR) was used to adjust for relevant covariates.ResultsOrganic food consumption tended to be lower, although not significantly, in women with GD compared to women without GD, whereas consumption of meat was positively associated with GD prevalence. LR modelling showed that GD was significantly associated with higher consumption of meat and, in addition, also of cheese, after adjustment for other relevant covariates. GD was associated with some indicators of animal product intake, namely dietary animal to plant protein ratio and maternal plasma arachidonic acid (for the latter, data available forn = 16 andn = 1304, respectively). Food patterns of participants with GD were characterised by more meat products and less vegetarian products.ConclusionsDue to the low number of participants with GD, results have to be interpreted cautiously. Consumption of organic food during pregnancy does not seem to be markedly associated with a lower GD prevalence; lower intake of meat and cheese, irrespective of its origin (organic or conventional), does. The latter supports previous studies suggesting a causal association between consumption of animal products and GD.