bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of dermatophytes isolated from companion animals with clinical symptoms of dermatophytosis
Authors: Katiraee Farzad , Kouchak Kosari Yasaman , Soltani Minoo , Shokri Hojjatollah , Hassan Minooieanhaghighi Mohammad 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Dermatophytosis is a common skin disease in cats and dogs caused by Microsporum and Trichophyton fungi. Species identification and knowledge of their antifungal susceptibility are therapeutically and epidemiologically important. This study assessed the prevalence of feline and canine dermatophytosis in Iran, identified the aetiological agents molecularly and tested their antifungal susceptibility.

Material and Methods
A total of 308 companion animals (134 dogs and 174 cats) with skin lesions were examined from March 2015 to March 2018. Hair and skin samples were examined by microscopy with 20% KOH and cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar with cycloheximide and chloramphenicol. Fungal isolates were confirmed by sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) r-DNA region. The antifungal susceptibility of dermatophytes was tested by broth microdilution assay using standard drugs.

Results
Dermatophytes were found in 130 (42.2%) samples, 62 of them feline and 68 canine. Based on sequencing of all strains, M. canis (78.5%, P<0.05), M. gypseum (10.7%), and T. mentagrophytes (10.7%) were the dermatophytes isolated. The non-dermatophyte species Nannizziopsis vriesii was also isolated from two feline dermatomycosis cases. Dogs and cats younger than one year (61.5%) showed a statistically significantly higher prevalence of infection (P<0.05). Caspofungin produced the lowest geometric mean MIC at 0.0018 μg/mL, followed by ketoconazole, terbinafine, itraconazole, miconazole, griseofulvin, clotrimazole and fluconazole, in a 0.038–1.53 μg/mL range.

Conclusion
This is the first molecular study to identify the causes of pet dermatophytosis in north-western Iran. ITS-PCR was shown to be a useful and reliable method for the identification of closely related species of dermatophytes in clinical and epidemiological settings. The lowest MIC of caspofungin indicated that this drug was the most potent in vitro.
Mechanism of the oxidation of nitric oxide with oxygen
Authors: Głowiński Józef , Józef Hoffmann , Wilk Marcin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Very fast reactions of forming higher nitrogen oxides set out an equilibrium framework for the course of the reaction of nitrogen monoxide oxidation. The slow course of reaction of nitrogen monoxide with oxygen permanently violates the created equilibria. In particular, the equilibrium of the oxidation reaction of nitrogen monoxide with nitrogen dioxide. The contribution of this reaction to the transformation of nitrogen monoxide in the conditions of nitrogen trioxide removal from the gas phase was estimated.
Effect of Calorie Restriction and Exercise on Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Shakoor Hira , Apostolopoulos Vasso , Feehan Jack , Ali Habiba Isse , Ismail Leila Cheikh , Al Dhaheri Ayesha Salem Obaid S. , Stojanovska Lily 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Type-2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic condition, generally regarded as an irreversible, that is among the top 10 causes of death globally. The hallmark of T2D is hyperglycemia, which results from disturbances in insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Several clinical and lifestyle factors are involved in the progression of T2D, such as obesity and physical inactivity. A high-calorie diet is the main contributor to the development of obesity, which results in T2D, as obesity or increased intra-abdominal adipose tissue is related to insulin resistance. Technological advances have contributed to individuals having a more sedentary lifestyle, leading to obesity and T2D. T2D can be treated with lifestyle interventions, such as diet and exercise. Herein, we highlight the positive impact of a very low-calorie diet (VLCD) and lifestyle modalities in the treatment and prevention of T2D. An inclusion of VLCD 400-800 kcal/day for 8 weeks and ≥ 150 minutes exercise 5 times a week as lifestyle interventions can decrease glucose levels to normal, reduce HbA1c and improve insulin resistance and sensitivity. Therefore, a potential mechanism in maintaining glucose homeostasis and remission of T2D by VLCD and exercise reduces body weight.
The Origins of Women’s Skirt and Shirt Clothing on the Moravian-Slovak Border and Its Central European Context
Authors: Šimša Martin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Over the past one hundred years, folk clothing has been considered one of the most significant elements of cultural heritage and has been perceived in this way not only by experts but, for many decades, by its wearers as well. In the present study, the author seeks to find an answer, based on an analysis of older expert texts, as to what formed the theoretical basis for this process, who were its representatives, at what conclusions they arrived, and how the methods of their work were reflected in the formulation of their conclusions. From the historical perspective, the study summarises the opinions on folk clothing, projected through the idea of Slavic unity, as can be observed in the case of Jan Koula and, through the reception of these opinions, also in the case of Lubor Niederle, Drahomíra Stránská and Viera Nosáľová. This work also offers newer reflections from the studies by Alena Jeřábková on the shaping of folk clothing within the Carpathian culture. Through the example of women’s linen skirts, the material part of the study seeks to point out the pitfalls of these approaches and highlight the need to study the construction of folk clothing from a longer historical perspective. Only in this way is the effect of clothing styles in the form of domestication of the individual pieces of stylish clothing evident, combined with older clothing layers. Even though most parts of folk clothing are not proto-Slavic and do not necessarily relate to the culture of the Carpathian curve, as a whole, they prove well the way the countryside managed to accept the transformations of contemporary fashion over the last four centuries and to incorporate them into a unique clothing complex.
Elements of Traditional Crafts as an Inspiration for Modern Design and an Incentive for Regional Development from the Perspective of Experts, Manufacturers and Users
Authors: Kotradyová Veronika , Borysko Wanda 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The text seeks answers to the questions of what folk inspirations in design mean and whether local identity embedded in traditions can work as a brand able to interpret traditional products and samples and, subsequently, disseminate them by means of strategies used in design. It is a conscious, innovative process that draws creatively on local sources. Today, traditional forms and patterns are naturally present in real craft products as well as kitsch objects created as an expression of the commercialisation of tourism. Attention is also paid to the terms “craft product” and “regional product”, their significance and understanding by local manufacturers, users, self-governing bodies, and activities at the given location. The analysis of this topic is based on field research and the results of an internet questionnaire.
Analysis of Interventions to Reduce Antigypsyism in Slovakia: A Social Psychology Perspective
Authors: Hargašová Lucia , Lášticová Barbara , Poslon Xenia Daniela , Belán Dóra 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Despite numerous efforts of Roma inclusion from various State and non-governmental organisations, segregation and socioeconomic marginalisation of the Roma is still widespread in Slovakia. In this paper, we show what social-psychological factors intervene into the process of intergroup relations change and how they can influence the effectiveness of interventions to reduce antigypsyism. We contend that establishing intergroup harmony between majority and minority may, by creating false assumptions about the absence of structural inequalities, weaken the potential for social change and minority collective action. Based on the theoretical analysis as well as the content analysis of anti-discrimination interventions carried out in the year 2018 and the thematic analysis of interviews with selected stakeholders (NGO representatives, intervention participants, sponsors) we identified four challenges that need to be tackled if the interventions are to succeed in reducing antigypsyism. These are: 1) essentializing vs. empowerment of minorities; 2) tension between the colourblind and multiculturalism approaches; 3) problem of intergroup boundaries and their consequences for generalization of positive intergroup attitudes to the whole outgroup; and 4) societal norms defining the nature of intergroup relations. We discuss how these challenges ought to be addressed in succesful anti-discrimination interventions.
Irregularly Migratory and Rare Waterbird Species within Two Representative Wetlands from the Central Romania (South-East Transylvania) Based on Long Term Inventory
Authors: Ionescu Dan-Traian , Hodor Călin Vasile 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Waterbird species from the category of rare or irregular migratory, can have faunistical and conservative value, especially locally, but also regionally or nationally. This paper presents the results of long-term avifauna inventories (25 years) from two wetlands of importance for waterbirds, located in southeastern Transylvania, central Romania. 44 species of waterbirds from these phenological categories have been identified, some for the first time at national or regional level (Transylvania), others with a high number of individuals for the reference area or even records for Transylvania. Moreover, at least one of the species has bred sporadically here, as the only place inside the country and the second in Romania (Ichthyaetus melanocephalus), another is possibly breeding for several years (Grus grus).
Strategi Pengembangan Kewirausahaan
Authors: Solihin Danna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract : Enviromental protection and good management is one of the program mandated in UU No.32 Tahun 2009. Plastic waste to increase every year was a serious problem for the sustainability of natural ecosystems. This study to aim the analyze of Tryada Craft entrepeneurship development strategy in the utilization of plastic waste to be a product selling value. The research method is descriptive analysis through SWOT analysis. The results showed that the availability of raw materials were easily obtained, and that give the entrepreneurs to improve the product quantity, but the lack of available business capital and the use of online media that were not optimal in promotional activities, so made the product not yet interest in society and business training have not been implemented. The emergence of negative public perseptions of waste based products was still a threat to the future development of this business. Therefore, government support for these entrepreneurial activites including providing socialization to the public regarding the safety of using recycled products was an important thing to do.

Keywords : SWOT Analysis, Plastic Waste, Environment.
Carbon Sequestration: an Answer to the World’s Carbon Dioxide Emission Problem
Authors: Wettstein Curtis 
Published: April 2021

As of November 2007, 174 parties had ratified the Kyoto protocol signifying a large part of the solution to one of the worlds primary environmental problems; carbon dioxide emissions. Although the United States refused to sign the protocol, their neighbours in Canada were eager to address the issue and sign. However with oil being a major Canadian export, carbon dioxide emission reduction was arguably improbable and unprofitable. With the pressure of reducing carbon dioxide emissions an imminent, carbon sequestration may be the symbiotic solution in satisfying Kyoto, saving the environment and even increasing profitability. Carbon sequestration is the process where carbon dioxide is injected into an oil well in order to increase recovery. With tertiary oil recoveries driving much of the oil business, cheap and efficient recovery methods are invaluable. Presently there is a Canadian operation in Wayburn, Saskatchewan which employs the technique. In addition, Texas and Scandinavian oil companies are using Carbon dioxide injection. If carbon sequestration increases oil recovery it has to be the preferred method. By purchasing carbon dioxide from external sources and recycling their own, companies can reduce emissions while increasing profits. Finally it may be profitable to save the environment.
On the participation of natural salts in alkaline magmatism. Article 3. Genetic aspects of the model of salt-alkaline interactions
Authors: Belenitskaya G. A. 
Published: April 2021

Research subject. An analysis of regional and global geological material characterizing the spatio-temporal relationships between alkaline magmatic and saline complexes allowed the author to propose and justify a new geological-genetic model of alkaline magmatism. This model considers saline complexes, located along the paths of the upward movement of deep magmas, as additional sources of alkaline and volatile components.Materials and methods. Three articles are devoted to the discussion and justification of this model. Two articles were devoted to geological aspects of the problem. The prerequisites and signs of the participation of ancient saline complexes in alkaline magmatism were characterized. It was shown that the presence of saline rocks in the deep zones of the earth's crust along the paths of the upward movement of deep magma flows is a geologically natural and common phenomenon. Natural alkaline-salt associations (spatio-temporal combinations of alkaline and salt objects) were indicated; their tectonic types were distinguished. A global overview of their different-age analogues (neo- and paleogeodynamic) was given.Results and discussion. The collected data made it possible to evaluate older (than magmas) salt-bearing complexes (deeply buried in the substrate) as a possible important and active participant in the ontogenesis of alkaline complexes, to give a positive assessment of the geological aspects of the “magma halocontamination” model and salt-magmatic interactions; to formulate the main geological-genetic provisions of this model.Conclusion. This article focuses on the discussion of the genetic aspects of the proposed model with an assessment of the probable role and significance of various halophilic components in the formation of alkaline magmas and their features. For this purpose, the similarity features in the spatial and quantitative distribution of halophilic and foydaphilic components in salt and alkaline rocks are considered; the probable role of various halophilic components in the formation of alkaline specialization of magmas, in the emergence of a rich set of unusual features of alkaline rocks (material, structural, morphological, etc.) is discussed. The probability of participation of the complex of paragenic (non-salt) members of the halophilic community (dolomites, anhydrites, black shales and associated ore components) in the interaction with hot magma is estimated. A comparative analysis of some basic provisions of the model under consideration with other geological-genetic models of alkaline petrogenesis is performed. The advantages of this model and its predictive capabilities are evaluated. A number of ideas have been proposed by the author for the first time, thus requiring further elucidation.
Features of the transformation of Visean quartz sandstones under the influence of water-oil fluids
Authors: Korolev E. A. , Kolchugin A. N. , Bakhtin A. I. , Eskin A. A. , Muzalevskaya L. M. , Barieva E. R. 
Published: April 2021

Research subject. This article analyses specific features of secondary transformations of quartz grains under the influence of water-oil fluids on the example of the Tulsky and Bobrikovsky oil-saturated quartz sandstones of the Demkinskoye oil deposit in the south-east of Tatarstan.Materials and methods. The research was carried out using the methods of optical microscopy, x-ray diffraction and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR).Results. On the example of the Tulsky and Bobrikovsky oil-saturated Visean quartz sandstones, we analysed the influence of wateroil fluids on rocks and features of the secondary transformations of quartz grains in the Demkinsky oil field in the southeast of Tatarstan Republic. In the oilcharge stage, the spatial redistribution of silica was realized. Quartz grains dissolved in the sole and middle part of the reservoir, precipitating in the form of chalcedony in the top part of the reservoir. The dissolution of quartz grains was promoted by micro defects concentrated on their periphery. The dissolution was triggered by both plastic deformations of minerals at the contacts and an increase in the alkalinity in the pore space up to pH = 9-10. Chalcedony aggregates were formed in the intergranular space of oil-saturated sandstones. Depending on the nucleation point of the siliceous substance and silica concentration in pore fluids, either single spherulitic or agate-type aggregates were formed. According to EPR, the studied chalcedony aggregates have a high content of paramagnetic E'-centres. This was caused by a deficiency of oxygen in the mineral-forming fluid during chalcedony precipitation.Conclusions. Chalcedony precipitation underwent in acidic conditions, which led to silica-type metasomatism in the top part of the reservoir followed by substitution of muscovite grains by morphological fibrous chalcedony. Metasomatism affected the grains of both detrital muscovite and muscovite present as inclusions inside quartz grains. This process indicates the manifestation of surface and bulk diffusion of silica, affecting all clastic components.
SUBJETIVIDADE E POÉTICA NO PENSAMENTO DE KIERKEGAARD
Authors: Rocha Gabriel Kafure da 
Published: April 2021

A maneira como o movimento kierkegaardiano coloca a subjetividade como verdade se opõe à sistematização da massa e traz a questão de uma visão valorativa da poética como possibilidade de uma ética. A questão que permeia essa ética é o que é o real, este não pode ser mais simplesmente o idealismo racional, mas uma realidade poética histórica da subjetividade que faz possível ver que o homem exercer a liberdade da escolha como auto-construção de si. O homem encontra uma incapacidade perante as exigências absolutas e ao se assumir sua subjetividade como verdade acaba precisando passar por um processo de dessubjetivação, de trazer a tona o que está escondido e não-dito por meio da poética. Kierkegaard é um poeta da religião e por sua vez tentará mostrar como a superar a estética através da ética da subjetividade
UM ESTUDO SOBRE A RELAÇÃO DO RETORNO DA FILOSOFIA AO ENSINO MÉDIO COM A PROCURA PELO CURSO DE FILOSOFIA DA UVA
Authors: Almeida Delano Carneiro de , Nicolau Marcos Fábio Alexandre 
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho resulta de um estudo da reentrada do ensino de filosofia no currículo do ensino médio e sua repercussão no curso de graduação em filosofia ofertado na Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, cujo objetivo foi o de provocar uma reflexão sobre o ensino de filosofia na educação básica de nível médio e a intensidade desse impacto com o retorno da disciplina. Assim, analisamos se esse impacto fora de forma positiva ou negativa para o curso de Filosofia da UVA. Nosso trabalho enfocou aqui, pesquisas e gráficos elaborados através da coleta de dados oficiais em alguns setores administrativos da Universidade, onde tiramos a conclusão dessa análise. Palavras-chave: Ensino. Filosofia. Análise. Ensino Médio. Ensino Superior.
GADAMER E HABERMAS: CONTRIBUIÇÕES HERMENÊUTICO-FILOSÓFICAS PARA O DEBATE SOBRE MULTICULTURALISMO NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: RODRIGUES DE BRITO JOSÉ WILSON 
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tenciona promover um debate entre Gadamer e Habermas, respectivamente partindo das obras La herencia de Europa e A inclusão do outro: estudos de teoria política, no que tange ao problema do multiculturalismo nas sociedades democráticas contemporâneas, uma vez que a partir da globalização econômica e homogeneização cultural surgem graves riscos de autoalienação por parte de certas comunidades e o desrespeito para com as diferenças culturais das minorias inatas. Os pensadores aqui estudados têm como proposta uma racionalidade alternativa voltada ao diálogo solidário, bem como ao respeito intersubjetivo que deve ser constantemente motivado a partir da formação educacional dos sujeitos pertencentes às mais diferentes culturas e nacionalidades.
A Pilot-study of the use of Nutrition-related Apps and Software in Africa during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tchuenchieu Alex , Kesa Hema , Koufie Gifty , Onyenweaku Eridiong O. 
Published: April 2021

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the associated lockdown measures have risen the malnutrition problem in the world, especially in Africa. The use of nutrition apps/software at individual level therefore appears as suitable solution given the context. This study aimed at assessing the actual usage level of nutrition apps/software and the determining factors. A cross-sectional study consisting of an online-survey conducted from April to May 2020 with as target Africans aged of 18 and above was carried out. A total of 460 respondents from different African countries was registered. Globally they appeared to have started using computer and smartphones since at least 5 years and this mostly at a daily frequency together with internet. A total of 52.2 % of the respondents recognized not to apply or not to know if they apply the principles of a balanced diet in their day-to-day life, but just 18% reported to be using a nutrition apps/software; COVID-19 pandemic having pushed 7% to refer more to these tools and 0.7% to start using one. South Africa nationals, people living in a household of 3-5 people and those having a monthly income above 500 USD tended to use them more. Almost half of the users report that these tools do not take into consideration foods available in their context. On the other hand, almost half of the non-users (41.5% of respondents) said they would prefer to be advised by a dietician. However up to 50.9% clearly stated they are interested in learning more about these tools, which is of quite of big interest in preventing Non-communicable diseases resurgence in relation to COVID-19 pandemic. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-03-SI-3 Full Text: PDF