bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Future strategies for promoting tourism and petroleum heritage in Khuzestan Province, Iran
Authors: Amirkhani Sahar , Torabi Farsani Neda , Moazzen Jamshidi Homa 
Published: July 2021

PurposeIndustrial tourism not only strives to preserve industrial heritage, but can also be a strategy for being familiar with the history of industry and attracting tourists to new destinations. This paper examines the issue of promoting petroleum industrial tourism in the case of Khuzestan, Iran. The research aims at determining appropriate strategies for promoting petroleum industrial tourism.Design/methodology/approachThe data were analysed through a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) model.FindingsThe results revealed the competitive strategy as the best. Lastly, strategies such as: concentric diversification, joint venture strategy, conglomerate diversification and horizontal diversification were proposed as key solutions. The results support the view that establishing an exploratory ecomuseum in the territory of Khuzestan Province can be a suitable concentric diversification strategy towards petroleum industrial sustainable tourism in the future.Originality/valueThe main originality of this paper includes linking tourism with the petroleum (oil and natural gas) industry and its natural landscapes for the first time in a case study. Therefore, the results of this research can extend the literature in this regards. Moreover, this paper attracts tourists to visit natural landscapes of petroleum heritage.
A generative design approach for modular construction in congested urban areas
Authors: Wei Yuxi , Choi Hyungjoo , Lei Zhen 
Published: July 2021

PurposeModular construction is widely adopted and used in the construction industry to improve construction performance with respect to both efficiency and productivity. The evaluation of design options for modular construction can be iterative, and thus automation is required to develop design alternatives. This research aims to explore the potential of utilizing the generative design approach to automate modular construction for residential building structures in urban areas such as New York City.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed research methodology is investigated for a systematic approach to parametrize design parameters for modular construction layout design as well as incorporate design rules/parameters into modularizing design layouts in a Building Information Modeling (BIM) environment. Based on current building codes and necessary inputs by the user, the proposed approach enables providing recommendations in a generative design method and optimizes construction processes by performing analytical calculations.FindingsThe generative design has been found to be efficient in generating layout designs for modular construction based on parametric design. The integration of BIM and generative design can allow industry practitioners to fast generate design layout with evaluations from constructability perspectives.Originality/valueThis paper has proposed a new approach of incorporating generative design with BIM technologies to solve module layout generations by considering design and constructability constraints. The method can be further extended for evaluating modular construction design from manufacturability and assembly perspectives.
An unintended ecological benefit from human intervention: The enhancement of carbon storage in seagrass meadows
Authors: Watanabe Kenta , Kuwae Tomohiro 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Human interventions have had unintended consequences for the diverse functions of various ecosystems. Hydrological interventions have the potential to alter vegetated habitats in coastal nearshore ecosystems, but little is known about the impacts on organic carbon (Corg) sequestration, which plays an important role in climate change mitigation.

We examined the effects of past human interventions through artificial inlet opening in a lagoonal seagrass meadow. The sediment profiles of geological and biogeochemical characteristics were measured to obtain the historical changes in the lagoon environment and Corg accumulation rates.

Isotopic and elemental signatures and diatom assemblages showed that the interventions increased the duration of seawater exchanges and the extent of the seagrass meadow. Corg accumulation rates increased more than 1.9‐fold after the intervention, resulting in additional Corg storage in the seagrass meadow during last 64 years.

Synthesis and applications. Artificial opening of tidal inlet can potentially provide unintended ecological benefits, such as increased carbon sequestration in seagrass meadows. Hydrological interventions could be undertaken intentionally as a potential active intervention to sequester carbon, as well as control flood risk and provide other benefits to people in estuarine systems. Our results illustrate that physical factors such as improving salinity conditions and mineral particle supply have an impact on the feasibility of hydrological interventions for enhancing carbon sequestration. We propose that biogeochemical–physical coupled approach will help stakeholders to evaluate the ecological and social risks and synergies of implementing hydrological interventions.
Sudden unexpected death due to spontaneous pneumothorax caused by ruptured bilateral pulmonary bullae
Authors: Liu Zhanzhan , Liu Yinhua , Wu Maowang , Zhu Xuyang , Xu Xiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSudden unexpected death due to pneumothoraces caused by spontaneous rupture of bilateral pulmonary bullae is rare. This article reports the case of a 16‐year‐old girl who experienced this rare phenomenon without any precipitating factors. The patient did not have a history of chest pains or smoking but experienced chest tightness in the early morning and collapsed and died 4 h later. Autopsy identified the cause of death to be bilateral pneumothoraces and massive bilateral pulmonary collapse (atelectasis) due to ruptured apical bullae of the bilateral lungs. No injuries or other significant pathological findings were identified. A low body mass index (16.5) may have been a risk factor for the spontaneous tension pneumothoraces. In some situations, genetic counseling and testing may be helpful in identifying a heritable process associated with spontaneous pneumothoraces.
Functional and structural properties of soy 11S globulin: Influence of reverse micelle extraction
Authors: Yao Fei , Chen Fu‐sheng , Du Yan , Zhang Qian , Zhu Ting‐wei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe effect of the reverse micelle extraction method (RMEM) on the physicochemical properties of soy 11S globulin was studied and compared with that of the traditional alkali solution–acid precipitation method (ASAPM). The results showed that the β‐sheet structure content of soy 11S globulin obtained by RMEM was lower, while the β‐turn structure content was higher compared with that obtained by ASAPM. Furthermore, the protein unfolding degree and surface hydrophobicity were lower than those observed using ASAPM. Therefore, RMEM better maintained the natural molecular structure of soy 11S globulin. The thermodynamic and rheological properties of soy 11S globulin obtained by these two methods were further compared, showing that the highest denaturation temperature and transition heat of soy 11S globulin extracted using ASAPM were different from those obtained using RMEM. Furthermore, soy 11S globulin extracted by RMEM showed stronger heat resistance and a higher denaturation temperature than that extracted by ASAPM. The final storage modulus and frequency sweep results showed that the gel formed by soy 11S globulin obtained using RMEM had high storage modulus and loss modulus.Practical ApplicationIn this study, the effects of two different extraction methods on structural and functional properties of soy 11S globulin, such as thermodynamics and rheology, were investigated. We can know the 11S globulin extracted using the reverse micelle environment was more heat‐resistant and heat‐induced gel quality of 11S globulin was improved by the reverse micelle environment. These results will provide theoretical basis that would help determine the potential applications of soy 11S globulin in the food system.
Occurrence of hypertension during third‐line anlotinib is associated with progression‐free survival in patients with squamous cell lung cancer (SCC): A post hoc analysis of the ALTER0303 trial
Authors: Shi Jianhua , Chen Guimin , Wang Haitao , Wang Xiuxiu , Han Baohui , Li Kai , Wang Qiming , Zhang Li , Wang Zhehai , Cheng Ying , He Jianxing , Shi Yuankai , Chen Weiqiang , Luo Yi , Wu Lin , Wang Xiuwen , Nan Kejun , Jin Faguang , Dong Jian , Li Baolan , Liu Zhian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of targeted therapeutic options for squamous cell lung cancer (SCC). Accelerated hypertension is an issue with many targeted therapies for lung cancer. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of anlotinib, based on progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with SCC, stratified by hypertension and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score.MethodsThis was a post hoc analysis of a multicenter, double‐blind, phase III ALTER0303 randomized controlled trial. Only patients with SCC were included. The occurrence of hypertension during the study period was defined according to CTCAE 4.03. OS and PFS were the primary and secondary endpoints, respectively. The patients were stratified according to hypertension and ECOG score, respectively.ResultsThe median PFS in the patients who developed hypertension was longer than in those who did not (7.2 (95% CI: 3.5–11.0) versus 3.2 (95% CI: 1.2–5.3) months, p = 0.001; HR (95% CI), 0.4 (0.2–0.8)). In the ECOG 0 patients, the median PFS in the patients who developed hypertension versus those who did not was 5.6 vs. 1.8 months, respectively (Figure 2(d)). In the ECOG 1 patients, the median PFS in the patients who developed hypertension versus those who did not was 7.0 (95% CI: 3.0–11.0) vs. 4.8 (95% CI: 1.2–8.5) months (p = 0.043). No statistically significant differences were found in OS in the stratified analyses.ConclusionsThe occurrence of hypertension might be a clinical indicator predicting the efficacy of third‐line anlotinib treatment in patients with SCC.
Comparison of perioperative and survival outcomes between sublobar resection and lobectomy of patients who underwent a second pulmonary resection
Authors: Yao Xingxin , Zheng Difan , Yuan Chongze , Tao Xiaoting , Peng Yizhou , Zhang Yawei , Sun Yihua 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundRepeat pulmonary resection is widely accepted in clinical practice. This study aimed to compare sublobar resection (segmentectomy or wedge resection) with lobectomy in the treatment of patients who underwent a second pulmonary resection.MethodsThis study retrospectively included patients who underwent lobectomy or sublobar resection for second pulmonary resection. 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance selection bias. Clinicopathological features, perioperative and survival outcomes of lobectomy and sublobar resection were compared.ResultsA total of 308 patients who underwent second pulmonary resection were identified: 71 (23.1%) who underwent lobectomy and 237 (76.9%) who underwent sublobar resection. After PSM, 58 patients for each group were selected with well‐balanced clinicopathological characteristics. In patients who underwent sublobar resection, significantly shorter chest tube duration (days) (median, 4 vs. 2, p < 0.001) and postoperative hospital stay (days) (median, 6 vs. 4, p < 0.001) were observed. There was no significant difference in overall survival between these two groups after the second and first surgery (p = 0.65, p = 0.98), respectively. Subgroup analysis according to the type of the first resection showed consistent results.ConclusionsSublobar resection may be considered as an alternative option for second pulmonary resection due to its perioperative advantages and similar survival outcomes compared with lobectomy.
Pseudocirrhosis due to liver metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shijubou Naoki , Sumi Toshiyuki , Keira Yoshiko , Shiraishi Hideaki , Nagahisa Yuta , Matsuura Keigo , Sekikawa Motoki , Yamada Yuichi , Nakata Hisashi , Chiba Hirofumi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPseudocirrhosis is a radiological diagnosis of cirrhosis without histological evidence and occurs as a complication of liver metastases from solid tumors. A 50‐year‐old man without any previous history of liver disease was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the left upper lung lobe and liver metastasis. After chemotherapy, the liver metastases shrank; however, over time, the liver shrank and showed cirrhosis‐like morphological changes. His performance status deteriorated due to ascites and leg edema, and chemotherapy was terminated. Physicians treating lung adenocarcinoma with liver metastases should be aware that pseudocirrhosis is a rare but important complication that can worsen performance status (PS) and hinder treatment continuation.
Patient and public involvement in contemporary large intensive care trials: Protocol for a meta‐epidemiological study
Authors: Barot Emily , Kjær Maj‐Brit Nørregaard , Collet Marie , Crescioli Elena , Rasmussen Bodil Steen , Estrup Stine , Mortensen Camilla Bekker , Vesterlund Gitte Kingo , Sivapalan Praleene , Anthon Carl Thomas , Bruun Camilla Rahbek Lysholm , Poulsen Lone Musaeus , Møller Morten Hylander , Perner Anders , Granholm Anders 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatient and public involvement (PPI) in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) has increased in recent years but remains the exception rather than the rule. We aim to assess the frequency and extent of PPI in large, contemporary RCTs conducted in an intensive care setting.Methods and designWe will conduct a meta‐epidemiological study of RCTs conducted in intensive care settings published since 2019 and assess their use of PPI. We will extract trial characteristics and verify the use of PPI with trial authors unless specifically stated in the published paper. The primary outcome will be the proportion of trials that use PPI. Secondary outcomes will explore which groups are consulted, at which stage of the trial process this occurs, and by what means these opinions are collected and implemented.DiscussionThis meta‐epidemiological study will provide an important insight into the use of PPI in large, contemporary intensive care trials. We wish to reveal ways in which patient involvement could be incorporated more broadly and purposefully here and help to empower clinicians, researchers and patients to collaborate further on future research processes and goals.
Effects of Maryland’s global budget revenue model on emergency department utilization and revisits
Authors: Galarraga Jessica E. , DeLia Derek , Huang Jim , Woodcock Cynthia , Fairbanks Rollin J. , Pines Jesse M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn 2014, Maryland (MD) implemented a “global budget revenue” (GBR) program that prospectively sets hospital budgets. This program introduced incentives for hospitals to tightly control volume and meet budget targets. We examine GBR’s effects on emergency department (ED) visits, admissions, and returns.MethodsWe performed an interrupted time‐series analysis with difference‐in‐differences comparisons using 2012 to 2015 Healthcare Cost Utilization and Project data from MD, New York (NY), and New Jersey (NJ). We examined GBR’s effects on ED visits/1,000 population, admissions from the ED, and ED returns at 72 h and 9 days. We also examined rates of admission, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and in‐hospital mortality among returns. To evaluate racial/ethnic and payer outcome disparities among ED returns, we performed a triple differences analysis.ResultsED visits decreased with GBR adoption in MD relative to NY and NJ, by five and six visits/1,000 population, respectively. ED admissions declined relative to NY and NJ, by 0.6% and 1.8%, respectively. There was also a post‐GBR decline in ED returns by 0.7%. Admissions among returns declined by 2%, while ICU and in‐hospital mortality among returns remained relatively stable. ED return outcomes varied by racial/ethnic and payer group. Non‐Hispanic Whites and non‐Hispanic Blacks experienced a similar decline in returns, while returns remained unchanged among Hispanics/Latinos, widening the disparity gap. Payer group disparities between privately insured and Medicare, Medicaid, and uninsured individuals improved, with the disparity reduction most pronounced among the uninsured.ConclusionsGBR adoption was associated with lower ED utilization and admissions. ED returns and admissions among returns also decreased, while mortality and ICU stays among returns remained stable, suggesting that GBR has not led to adverse patient outcomes from fewer admissions. However, changes in ED return disparities varied by subgroup, indicating that improvements in care transitions may be uneven across patient populations.
Surrogacy and uterus transplantation using live donors: Examining the options from the perspective of ‘womb‐givers’
Authors: Mullock Alexandra , Romanis Elizabeth Chloe , Begović Dunja 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFor females without a functioning womb, the only way to become a biological parent is via assisted gestation—either surrogacy or uterus transplantation (UTx). This paper examines the comparative impact of these options on two types of putative ‘womb‐givers’: people who provide gestational surrogacy and those who donate their uterus for live donation. The surrogate ‘leases’ their womb for the gestational period, while the UTx donor donates their womb permanently via hysterectomy. Both enterprises involve a significant degree of self‐sacrifice and medical risk in order to enable another person(s) to become a parent by either providing gestational labour or enabling the other person to undertake gestation themselves. In this paper, we explore the burdens and the benefits from the perspective of the womb‐giver in order to inform ethical debate about assisted gestation. This is a perspective that is often neglected in the bioethical discourse. With both surrogacy and UTx, when success follows the womb‐giver’s sacrifice, the key benefit is delivered to the intending parent(s), but as this article examines, the womb‐giver may also enjoy some unique (relational) benefits as a result of their sacrifice. Ultimately, the choice of how a womb‐giver lends assistance in gestation will impact on their bodily autonomy; some will prefer to carry a pregnancy and others to donate their uterus. We argue that the perspective of the womb‐giver is crucial and thus far has not been afforded sufficient consideration in ethical discussion.
ICD‐11 ‘mixed depressive and anxiety disorder’ is clinical rather than sub‐clinical and more common than anxiety and depression in the general population
Authors: Shevlin Mark , Hyland Philip , Nolan Emma , Owczarek Marcin , Ben‐Ezra Menachem , Karatzias Thanos 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThe new International Classification of Diseases was published in 2018 (ICD‐11; World Health Organization, 2018) and now includes ‘Mixed depressive and anxiety disorder’ (6A73: MDAD) designated as a mood disorder. This disorder is defined by symptoms of both anxiety and depression occurring more days than not, for a period of two weeks, and neither set of symptoms considered separately reaches a diagnostic threshold for either disorder. However, to date no study has examined the validity of these guidelines in a general population sample.MethodsUsing Goldberg et al.’s (2017) guidelines regarding measurement of depression and anxiety, this study used factor mixture modelling (FMM) to examine the validity of the ICD‐11 criteria of MDAD. Symptom endorsement rates are provided as well as demographic predictors and somatization outcomes.ResultsFit indices suggested the two‐factor four‐class solution was the best balance between model complexity and model fit. The results did not support a class that is subsyndromal to both anxiety and depression. On the contrary, we suggest that there exists a ‘Comorbid’ class that represents endorsement of both anxiety and depression symptoms at a higher level when compared to both ‘anxiety’ and ‘depression’ groups. Demographic predictors, as well as somatization and functional impairment outcomes, provided support for this FMM solution.ConclusionsThe ‘Comorbid’ group was the largest symptomatic group and had the highest levels of both anxiety and depression symptoms. Importantly, this group was larger than either the ‘anxiety’ or ‘depression’ group and was associated with high levels of functional impairment and somatization.
EBV‐positive HIV‐associated diffuse large B cell lymphomas are characterized by JAK/STAT (STAT3) pathway mutations and unique clinicopathologic features
Authors: Chapman Jennifer R. , Bouska Alyssa C. , Zhang Weiwei , Alderuccio Juan Pablo , Lossos Izidore S. , Rimsza Lisa M. , Maguire Alanna , Yi Shuhua , Chan Wing C. , Vega Francisco , Song Joo Y. 
Published: July 2021

SummaryEven in the era of highly active combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), patients with HIV have a disproportionate risk of developing aggressive lymphomas that are frequently Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐related. Here, we investigate HIV‐associated diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (HIV‐DLBCL) and compare EBV‐positive and EBV‐negative cases. HIV‐DLBCL were identified from two academic medical centres and characterised by immunohistochemistry, EBV status, fluorescence in situ hybridisation, cell of origin determination by gene expression profiling, and targeted deep sequencing using a custom mutation panel of 334 genes. We also applied the Lymphgen tool to determine the genetic subtype of each case. Thirty HIV‐DLBCL were identified, with a median patient age of 46 years and male predominance (5:1). Thirteen cases (48%) were EBV‐positive and 14 (52%) EBV‐negative. Nine of the 16 tested cases (56%) had MYC rearrangement, three (19%) had BCL6 (two of which were double hit MYC/BCL6) and none had BCL2 rearrangements. Using the Lymphgen tool, half of the cases (15) were classified as other. All HIV‐DLBCL showed mutational abnormalities, the most frequent being TP53 (37%), MYC (30%), STAT3 (27%), HIST1H1E (23%), EP300 (20%), TET2 (20%), SOCS1 (17%) and SGK1 (17%). EBV‐negative cases were mostly of germinal centre B‐cell (GCB) origin (62%), showed more frequent mutations per case (a median of 13·5/case) and significant enrichment of TP53 (57% vs. 15%; P = 0·046), SGK1 (36% vs. 0%; P = 0·04), EP300 (43% vs. 0%; P = 0·02) and histone‐modifying gene (e.g. HIST1H1E, HIST1H1D, 79% vs. 31%; P = 0·02) mutations. EBV‐positive cases were mostly of non‐GCB origin (70%), with fewer mutations per case (median 8/case; P = 0·007), and these tumours were enriched for STAT3 mutations (P = 0·10). EBV‐positive cases had a higher frequency of MYC mutations but the difference was not significant (36% vs. 15%; P = 0·38). EBV‐association was more frequent in HIV‐DLBCLs, arising in patients with lower CD4 counts at diagnosis (median 46·5 vs. 101, P = 0·018). In the era of cART, approximately half of HIV‐DLBCL are EBV‐related. HIV‐DLBCL are enriched for MYC rearrangements, MYC mutations and generally lack BCL2 rearrangements, regardless of EBV status. Among HIV‐DLBCL, tumours that are EBV‐negative and EBV‐positive appear to have important differences, the latter arising in context of lower CD4 count, showing frequent non‐GCB origin, lower mutation burden and recurrent STAT3 mutations.