bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Non Destructive FTNIR Method for Quick Estimation of Peanut Quality Based on FFA and Peroxide Value
Authors: Raigar Rakesh Kumar Kumar , Srivast Shubhangi , Mishra Hari Niwas 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The possibility of rapid estimation of moisture, protein, fat, free fatty acid (FFA), and peroxide value (PV) content in peanut kernel was studied by Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FTNIR) in the diffuse reflectance mode along with chemometric technic. The moisture, fat and protein of fresh and damaged seeds of peanuts ranging from 3 to 9 %, 45 to 57 % and 23 to 27 % respectively, were used for the calibration model building based on partial least squares (PLS) regression. The peanut samples had major peaks at wavenumbers 53.0853, 4954.98, 4464.03, 4070.85, 74.75.63, 8230.21, and 6178.13 in per cm. First and second derivate mathematical preprocessing was also applied in order to eliminate multiple baseline for different chemical quality parameters of peanut. The FFA had the lowest value of calibration and validation errors (0.579 and 0.738) followed by the protein (0.736 and 0.765). The quality of peanut seeds with lowest root mean square error of cross validation of 0.76 and maximum correlation coefficient (R2) of 96.8 was obtained. The comprehensive results signify that FT-NIR spectroscopy can be used for rapid, non destructive quantification of quality parameters in peanut.
Complexation Of Amino Acid With Cadmium And Its Application To Remove Cadmium From Contaminated Soil
Authors: Yao Wenbin , Yang Zhihui , Huang Lei , Su Changqing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Low molecular organic acids, such as amino acid, play an important role in cadmium (Cd) mobility. However, its complexation ability with Cd was not well studied. The complexation structure of amino and cadmium was investigated by theory calculation based on B3ly/SDD and detecting by FTIR spectrum. The conformers were found to be [COc, COc] for fatty amino-cadmium and PheCd2+, [COc, COc, COs] for GluCd2+and ThrCd2+, respectively. The complex energy of these conformers was calculated in water phase by SMD model and the order of chelation energy was; PheCd2+> AlaCd2+ > LeuCd2+ > GluCd2+ > GlyCd2+ > ThrCd2+. All the dissolving energy of complexes was below zero, indicating these complexes was easily dissolved in water. In aqueous solution experiment, the Cd2+ concentration decreased with increasing amino acid concentration. The order of logβ (Complex stability constant) was: PheCd2+> AlaCd2+ > LeuCd2+ > GluCd2+ > GlyCd2+ > ThrCd2+, consisting with the order of calculated chelation energy. The Cd removal efficiency by Thr, Glu, Gly, Ala, Leu and Phe were 38.88%, 37.47%, 35.5%, 34.72%, 34.04% and 31.99%, respectively. From soil batch experiment, the total Cd in soil was decreased in present of amino acid with the concentration of Cd in water increased from 231.97 µg/L to 652.94-793.51 µg/L. The results of BCR sequential extraction showed that the Cd in acid soluble and reducible fraction sharply decreased. From all the results, the amino acid has potential to be used as a chelation to remedy the Cd contaminated soil.
Physical functioning and perceived health status after surviving the first COVID-19 wave. A long-term observational perspective
Authors: Ferrarello Francesco , Iacopino Carmela , Pierinelli Catia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
After the COVID-19 infection, individuals can experience impairment, activity limitation and participation restriction. Little information is available on range and frequency of individual problems arising after COVID-19 and its sequelae and long-term outcomes. In June and July 2020, nineteen individuals previously hospitalized with COVID-19 were referred to our outpatient physiotherapy unit. We monitored their level of independence in activities of daily living, mobility, and perceived health status for 7.4–9.5 months (median, 8.6) after healing. At baseline, our cohort showed substantial independence in activities of daily living, some mobility limitations, and below average perceived health status. Measures improved over time. Limitations of physical functioning were mostly moderate to slight and tending to improve; if present, severe limitations were probably related to pre- COVID-19 conditions. However, individuals in some cases may not have fully recovered their premorbid functioning seven to nine months after healing.
Total flavone of Abelmoschus Manihot improves colitis by promoting growth of Akkermansia in mice
Authors: Bu Fan , Ding Yang , Chen Tuo , Wang Rong , Wang Qiong , Zhou Jin-Yong , Jiang Feng , Zhang Dan , Xu Minmin , Shi Guoping , Chen Yugen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The total flavone of Abelmoschus manihot (TFA), a compound extracted from the flowers of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medic, has been widely used for the treatment of Crohn's disease, chronic glomerulonephritis and other diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TFA on gut microbiota and intestinal barrier in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced experimental colitis. C57BL/6J mice were treated with 2.5% DSS in drinking water to induce colitis. Mice were orally administrated with TFA (62.5mg/kg, 125mg/kg) or prednisone acetate (PAT, 2.5mg/kg) once daily for 7 days. Biological samples were collected for analysis of inflammation cytokines, gut microbiota and intestinal barrier integrity. TFA-H (125mg/kg) markedly attenuated DSS-induced colon shortening and histological injury in experimental colitis. The therapeutic effect was similar with PAT administration. TFA-H notably modulated the dysbiosis of gut microbiota induced by DSS and greatly enriched the Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila). Moreover, TFA-H remarkably ameliorated colonic inflammatory response and intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction. Interestingly, TFA directly promotes the growth of A. muciniphila in vitro. Taken together, the results for the first time revealed that TFA, as a prebiotic of A. muciniphila, improved DSS-induced experimental colitis, at least partly through modulating gut microflora profile to maintain the colonic integrity and inhibit inflammation response.
Pharmacological Interventions on The Dopamine Motivation System Effectively Disturbed Cue-Induced Memory Reconsolidation Cocaine-Seeking Behavior for Rats
Authors: Li Yang , Li Nan , Qu Liang , Wang Xin , Wang Ping , Fu Jian , Chen Yu-kun , Wang Jian-cai , Ge Shun-nan , Wang Xue-lian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Drug addiction is a disorder related to dysfunction in the neural reward memory circuits, and it is characterized by compulsive drug use despite terrible negative consequences. Memory reconsolidation, during which aroused memory is easy to strengthening, weakening or updating, plays an extremely important role in drug addiction. Effectively interfering with the drug memory reconsolidation process would be key in treating drug addiction, but this intervention currently remains impossible. The dopamine motivation system has been widely recognized as an important system for reward, but whether the dopamine motivation system participates in drug memory reconsolidation is unclear. We aimed to explore the role of the dopamine motivation system during the cue-induced cocaine memory reconsolidation process by examining the effect of different pharmacological interventions on the dopamine motivation system during cue-induced cocaine self-administration-related memory reconsolidation drug-seeking behavior. Using a combined behavioral and biological method, our results showed that high concentrations of SCH 23390 and raclopride, or VTA lesions, could effectively disturb subsequent cue-induced cocaine self-administration-related memory reconsolidation drug-seeking behavior in rats. However, low concentrations of SCH 23390 and raclopride could not block this behavior. In summary, only a high dose of dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonists, or VTA lesions, could effectively disturb subsequent cue-induced cocaine self-administration-related memory reconsolidation drug-seeking behavior. These findings indicated that pharmacological interventions in the dopamine motivation system could effectively disturb subsequent cue-induced drug memory reconsolidation. Thus, pharmacological interventions on the dopamine motivation system might have therapeutic potential for drug addiction.
Dynamic Pricing Game in a Dual-channel Closed-loop Supply Chain with Heterogeneous Players and Delay Decision
Authors: Zhang Yuhao , Zhang Tao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we study a dual-channel closed-loop supply chain(CLSC), where the manufacturer wholesales the new product through the traditional retail channel and distributes the remanufactured product via a direct channel established by himself. We focus on developing two dynamic Stackelberg game models under the assumption of the retailer is an adaptive agent and the manufacturer is a bounded rational player with non-delay and delay decisions. The existence and locally asymptotic stability of Nash equilibrium is investigated, and also the complex dynamics of each model is illustrated including period-doubling bifurcation, Neimark-Sacker bifurcation, strange attractor and chaotic phenomena. Numerical simulations are conducted to examine the impacts of key parameters on the complex behaviors of the long-run dynamic Stackelberg game and the performance of chain members under various scenarios. The results reveal that the excessively high value of the price adjustment speed of the manufacturer, the consumer discount perception for the remanufactured product as well as the consumer preference degree to the direct channel have adestabilization effect on the Nash equilibrium. Besides, the delay decision adopted by manufacturer no matter in the traditional or direct channel does not always necessarily make the system more stable, but the appropriately delay weights can expand the stability domain of the system. Moreover, the manufacturer would suffer a significant profit loss while the retailer can capture more profits when the dual-channel CLSC system falls into periodic cycles and chaos motions. At last, the variable feedback control method is utilized to eliminate the delayed system chaos.
A Smart IoT System for Remote Refrigeration Monitoring
Authors: Padmaja B , Ch Vijayakumar , Patro E Krishna Rao , Shashirekha B 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The realm of refrigeration industry has marked its significance for storing food and beverages. Refrigeration warehouses are extensively used to store various combinations of large fresh food stock at favourable temperatures to maintain its quality. Any deviations from these favourable temperatures pose negative impacts on the cold stock. Hence, it is essential to minimize the margin of these potential risks that can incur huge loss to the cold-storage industries. On-site evaluation can be reliable to address these risks, but it is time consuming and an inefficient process as human intervention can be prone to manual errors. The paper, therefore, proposes a methodology to build a smart IoT system to remotely monitor and evaluate the refrigeration warehouses seamlessly at one’s fingertips using a mobile or laptop through dashboards. Furthermore, this paper addresses the difficulties in managing and analysing the large sensory data which are the result of seamless monitoring by unleashing the power of edge computing and cloud computing.
A New Model for Early Prediction of Persistent Low-Lying Placenta
Authors: Farladansky-Gershnabel Sivan , Gluska Hadar , Sharon-Weiner Maya , Shechter-Maor Gil , Schreiber Hanoch , Weitzner Omer , Biron-Shental Tal , Markovitch Ofer 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective

Finding a predictive model for persistent low lying placenta (LLP) based on early clinical and laboratory parameters.
Methods

This retrospective cohort study included patients with LLP detected during early anatomy scan. Additional transvaginal ultrasound exams assessed for resolution at 22–24 weeks and 36–39 weeks. Patients were categorized as: Group 1–LLP resolved by the second trimester scan, Group 2- LLP resolved by the third, and Group 3–LLP persisted to delivery. Clinical and laboratory parameters were compared between groups. A linear support vector machine classification was used to define a prediction model for persistence.
Results

Among 236 pregnancies with LLP, 80% resolved by 22–24 weeks, 10.5% resolved by 36–39 weeks and 9.5% persisted until delivery. Second trimester hCG levels were higher the longer the LLP persisted (0.8MoM + 0.7 vs. 1.13MoM + 0.4 vs. 1.7MoM + 1.5, P = 0.03, respectively) and Cervical length was shorter (P = 0.008, P = 0.02, respectively). A linear SVM classification model was calculated based on these parameters. The predictive accuracy of this model was 90.3%.
Conclusion

LLP persistence can be predicted with an accuracy of 90.3%, as early as the beginning of the second trimester. Persistence vs. resolution of LLP may represent different entities and not a spectrum of the same condition over time.
Subcellular Receptor Localization in the Substantia Nigra in a Superecliptic pHlourin-Tagged D2 Receptor Knockin Mouse
Authors: Trinkle Mason , Lebowitz Jospeph J. , Robinson Brooks , Balcita-Pedicino Judith Joyce , Hetelekides Savas , Bunzow James R. , Aicher Sue , Williams John T. , Sesack Susan R. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Dopamine neurons use autoregulation for appropriate modulation of goal-directed behaviors, and yet the mechanisms for D2 receptor (D2R)-mediated autoregulation are not fully understood. Electrophysiology suggests close proximity between dopamine release and receipt, but actual dendro-dendritic synapses are rare. This ultrastructural study used transgenic mice with a knockin of superecliptic green fluorescent protein (SEP) on the D2R (SEP-D2R) to determine how often autoreceptors are localized at directly apposed dendrites in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Silver-enhanced immunogold labeling for SEP-D2R was observed within dendrites, axon varicosities, astrocytes, and soma. Although most gold particles were intracellular, 28% of SEP-D2R gold was irregularly distributed along the plasma membrane. Structures immediately adjacent to dendritic membrane gold particles were axons (40%), astrocytes (19%), and other dendrites (7%), with the remaining structures unidentified in single sections. Known limitations in antibody penetration suggest the actual incidence of D2R localization at apposed dendrites is probably greater than 7%. Nevertheless, these results indicate that intercellular dopamine communication in the SNc is primarily extrasynaptic. The thin astrocytic processes often seen separating adjacent dendrites may provide channels along which transmitter diffuses to access dendritic D2Rs. Expression of D2Rs by the astrocytes themselves suggests they may participate in dopamine autoregulation. A novel finding of SEP-D2R on the axon initial segments (AISs) of SNc neurons was confirmed by immunofluorescence to involve dopamine cells. While some of this may represent axonal trafficking, membrane D2Rs might serve an autoregulatory function at the AIS yet to be physiologically characterized for dopamine neurons.
Aging and Social Security Policies: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Teixeira Laíze Marina de Oliveira , Uribe Fabio Alexis Rincón , Moreira Hélio Luiz Fonseca , Junior Leandro Passarinho Reis , Pedroso Janari da Silva 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Aging is a process of changes dictated by the concurrent action of the biopsychosocial determinants. Population aging is a phenomenon that occurs on a global scale in heterogeneous ways, representing the growth of elderly at a greater rate than the number of newborn. Previous empirical evidence suggests that population aging has become a concern for several sectors of society. Among these, the social security policies that play a fundamental role in supporting the elderly. Given the rise of research on aging and its importance in the various health and social outcomes, it is necessary to initiate processes of compilation and synthesis of this evidence to facilitate the understanding of the importance of this variable into social security policies for public health, especially, for the elderly's health.Methods: The included studies will be qualitative and quantitative original research articles. This systematic review protocol will be conducted following the Cochrane Manual and will follow the statement of PRISMA-P. Searches will run from April 2021 to July 2021, and will be carried out from the following electronic databases: Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed Central, CINAHL, ASSIA and APA PsycNet. Two reviewers will obtain the eligible articles, published from 1979 to 2020, to assess the quality of each study and extract the data. A narrative and qualitative synthesis will be used to analyze the primary outcomes. If data are pertinent for quantitative analysis, a meta-analytic approach will be held.Discussion: The findings of this review will contribute to a better understanding of the impact of aging in social security policies and will help to establish causality in terms of the effects of this public policy on elderly’s health and their access to the healthcare system. This information can be used to identify effective interventions that could be implemented to improve the management of public health and social security policies at old age.Ethics and dissemination: The approval of an ethics committee is not required for a systematic review protocol. The results will be will be published in a peer-reviewed social or health science journal. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO CRD42021225820
P38 MAPK Inhibits Autophagy and Promotes Hepatic Stellate Cells Inflammatory Responses via Atg13 During Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure
Authors: Tian Zhen , Yao Naijuan , Wu Yuchao , Wang Fei , Zhao Yingren 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Inflammation plays a critical role in disease pathogenesis of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Atg13 is a vital regulatory component of ULK1 complex, which plays an essential role in initiation of autophagy, and autophagy has been connected to hepatic inflammation. The aim of this study is to evaluate how autophagy regulates hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) inflammatory responses via Atg13 during ACLF. Clinical data were collected from ACLF patients, and surgical resected paraffin embedded human ACLF liver tissues specimens were collected. Inflammation and autophagy were investigated by immunoblot analysis in HSCs treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Co-immunoprecipitation were used to investigate interaction of Atg13 and ULK1. Our data exhibit that serum LPS is positively associated with disease severity in ACLF patients, and p38 MAPK is overexpressed in ACLF liver tissues. Inflammatory factors are up-regulated via the activation of p38 MAPK and the inhibition of the autophagy in LX-2 cells. Furthermore, we illuminate in the vitro study that LPS triggers p38 MAPK activity, resulting in phosphorylation of Atg13, inhibition of Atg13-ULK1 interaction and autophagy. This study highlights a molecular mechanism that LPS promotes inflammation through inhibition of autophagy in HSCs via Atg13, and provides a new understanding into the mechanistic of inflammatory process of severe hepatitis and a novel strategy for ACLF treatment.
COVID-19-related acute kidney injury; temporal changes in incidence rate and outcomes in a large UK cohort
Authors: Jewell Paul D. , Bramham Kate , Galloway James , Post Frank , Norton Sam , Teo James , Fisher Richard , Saha Rohit , Hutchings Sam , Hopkins Phil , Smith Priscilla , Joslin Jennifer , Jayawardene Satish , Mackie Sarah , Mudhaffer Ali , Holloway Amelia , Kibble Henry , Akter Mosammat , Zuckerman Benjamin , Palmer Kieran , Murphy Ciara , Iatropoulou Domniki , Sharpe Claire C. , Lioudaki Eirini 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common among patients hospitalised with COVID-19, and associated with worse prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology, risk factors and outcomes of AKI in patients with COVID-19 in a large UK tertiary centre. Methods: We analysed data of consecutive adults admitted with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 across two sites of a hospital in London, UK, from 1st January to 13th May 2020. Results: Of the 1248 inpatients included, 487 (39%) experienced AKI (51% stage 1, 13% stage 2,and 36% stage 3). The weekly AKI incidence rate gradually increased to peak at week 5 (3.12 cases/100 patient-days), before reducing to its nadir (0.83 cases/100 patient-days) at the end the study period (week 10). Among AKI survivors, 84.0% had recovered renal function to pre-admission levels before discharge and none required on-going renal replacement therapy (RRT). Pre-existing renal impairment [odds ratio (OR) 3.05, 95%CI 2.24-4,18; p<0.0001], and inpatient diuretic use (OR 1.79, 95%CI 1.27-2.53; p<0.005) were independently associated with a higher risk for AKI. AKI was a strong predictor of 30-day mortality with an increasing risk across AKI stages [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.59 (95%CI 1.19-2.13) for stage 1; p<0.005, 2.71(95%CI 1.82-4.05); p<0.001for stage 2 and 2.99 (95%CI 2.17-4.11); p<0.001for stage 3]. One third of AKI3 survivors (30.7%), had newly established renal impairment at 3 to 6 months. Conclusions: This large UK cohort demonstrated a high AKI incidence with a changing pattern over time and was associated with increased mortality even at stage 1. Inpatient diuretic use was linked to a higher AKI risk. One third of survivors with AKI3 exhibited newly established renal impairment already at 3-6 months.
Organization and Expression Analysis of 5S and 45S Ribosomal DNA Clusters in Autotetraploid Fish Derived From Carassius Auratus Red Var. (♀) × Megalobrama Amblycephala (♂)
Authors: Zhao Chun , Zhang Yuxin , Qin Huan , Wang Chongqing , Huang Xu , Yang Li , Yu Tingting , Xu Xidan , Luo Xiang , Qin Qinbo , Liu Shaojun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Autotetraploid fish (4n = 200, RRRR) (abbreviated as 4nRR) are derived from whole genome duplication of red crucian carp (2n = 100, RR) (abbreviated as RCC). rDNA is often used to study molecular evolution of repeated sequences because it has high copy rate and special conserved coding regions in genomes. In this study, we determined the sequences (5S, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region), structure, methylation level (NTS and IGS), and expression level (5S and 18S) of 5S and 45S rRNA genes in 4nRR and RCC in order to elucidate the effects of autotetraploidization on ribosomal DNA (rDNA) in fish. Results: Results showed that there was high sequence similarity of 5S, 5.8S and ITS1 region between 4nRR and RCC. This study also identified two different types of ITS2 region in 4nRR and predicted the secondary structure. It turns out that both secondary structures are functional. Compared with the diploid ancestor of RCC, there was no significant difference in NTS (5S) methylation level, but the expression level of 5S rRNA was lower in 4nRR, indicating that methylation had little effect on the expression level in 4nRR. IGS (45S) was hypermethylated in 4nRR compared to RCC, but the expression of 18S gene were no significantly different from that in RCC, indicating that methylation regulation affected gene expression in 4nRR. Conclusion: These results demonstrate the effects of related structure and expression of autotetraploidization on rDNA. In addition, this study provides reference for studying the effect of autopolyploid on the evolution of species.