bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volunteering via Smart-Phone for People With Psychosis—Protocol of a Feasibility Trial
Authors: Pinto da Costa Mariana , Phone Pal Advisory Groups  
Published: December 2021

The literature suggests that volunteering can be used to address social isolation and support patients with psychosis in the community. However, many expect in person meetings, requiring a greater effort of availability and commitment. There is therefore a need for more flexible, easily accessible support. Volunteering via smart-phone could be a useful intervention for people with psychosis. One patient and one volunteer have been matched for a duration of 12 weeks, and participants have been encouraged to communicate through a variety of communication methods (audio calls, video calls, text messages, WhatsApp messages and e-mails). The Phone Pal study aimed to investigate the feasibility of recruitment, participant retention, data collection procedures, intervention usage of the methods of communication and changes in outcome data. At baseline and follow-up outcome measures collected from patients and volunteers included their quality of life, physical activity, self-esteem and social comparison. Additional outcomes assessed patients' attachment, social contacts and symptoms; for volunteers, their social distance was evaluated. At follow-up both patients and volunteers rank their perception of their relationship with each other. This mixed method feasibility study has been conducted in two phases, the first stage evaluating a smaller sample of patients and volunteers recruited in London, and then a second phase with a larger sample of volunteers recruited from across the United Kingdom.Trial registration: ISRCTN17586238.
Longitudinal Bidirectional Relationships Between Maternal Depressive/Anxious Symptoms and Children's Tic Frequency in Early Adolescence
Authors: Yagi Tomoko , Ando Shuntaro , Usami Satoshi , Yamasaki Syudo , Morita Masaya , Kiyono Tomoki , Hayashi Noriyuki , Endo Kaori , Iijima Yudai , Morimoto Yuko , Kanata Sho , Fujikawa Shinya , Koike Shinsuke , Kano Yukiko , Hiraiwa-Hasegawa Mariko , Nishida Atsushi , Kasai Kiyoto 
Published: November 2021

Background: Previous studies have revealed an association between maternal depressive/anxious symptoms and children's tics. However, the longitudinal relationships between these symptoms remain unclear. We examined the longitudinal relationships between maternal depressive/anxious symptoms and children's tic frequency in early adolescence with a population-based sample.Methods: The participants consisted of 3,171 children and their mothers from the Tokyo Teen Cohort (TTC) study, a population-representative longitudinal study that was launched in Tokyo in 2012. Maternal depressive/anxious symptoms and children's tics were examined using self-report questionnaires at the ages of 10 (time 1, T1) and 12 (time 2, T2). A cross-lagged model was used to explore the relationships between maternal depressive/anxious symptoms and children's tic frequency.Results: Higher levels of maternal depressive/anxious symptoms at T1 were related to an increased children's tic frequency at T2 (β = 0.06, p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, more frequent children's tics at T1 were positively related to maternal depressive/anxious symptoms at T2 (β = 0.06, p &lt; 0.001).Conclusions: These findings suggest a longitudinal bidirectional relationship between maternal depressive/anxious symptoms and children's tic frequency in early adolescence that may exacerbate each other over time and possibly create a vicious cycle. When an early adolescent has tics, it might be important to identify and treat related maternal depressive/anxious symptoms.
Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms Are Predictors of Seizure Recurrence in Adults With Newly Diagnosed Epilepsy
Authors: Zhong Rui , Chen Qingling , Zhang Xinyue , Li Nan , Lin Weihong 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To investigate whether emerging depressive and anxiety symptoms are predictors of seizure recurrence in a cohort of patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy (PWNDE) who did not have a history of psychiatric diagnosis.Methods: A cohort of 283 PWNDE were psychiatrically assessed before antiseizure medication (ASM) therapy and were followed for 12 months to assess seizure recurrence. The influence of depressive and anxiety symptoms score on seizure recurrence was assessed using univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized.Results: A total of 283 individuals were included in final analysis, and 115 patients (40.6%) experienced seizure recurrence during follow-up. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, NDDI-E and GAD-7 score were associated with an increased risk of seizure recurrence with an adjusted OR of 1.360 (CI: 1.176–1.572; P &lt; 0.001) and 1.101 (CI: 1.004–1.209; P = 0.041), respectively. Additionally, the adjusted OR and 95% CI of seizure recurrence for the “high NDDI-E score and high GAD-7 score” vs. “not high NDDI-E score and not high GAD-7 score” was 7.059 (3.521–14.149) (P for trend &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: We found that an emergence of new psychiatric symptoms including depressive and anxiety symptoms were predictors of seizure recurrence in adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy who did not have psychiatric history.
Relationship Between Childhood Left-Behind Experience and Quality of Life Among Chinese University Freshmen: Place of Origin Matters
Authors: Li Hai-Mei , Xu Yan-Min , Zhong Bao-Liang 
Published: November 2021

Background: Childhood left-behind experience (LBE) has a long-term detrimental effect on the mental health of Chinese University students, but it remains unclear whether childhood LBE negatively impacts the quality of life (QOL) of University students and whether the LBE–QOL association differs between students of rural origin and students of urban origin. This study examined the LBE–QOL relationship and the interactive effect between LBE and place of origin on QOL among Chinese University freshmen.Methods: By using a two-stage random cluster sampling approach, a total of 5,033 freshmen were recruited from two comprehensive universities. The students completed an online, self-administered questionnaire that included sociodemographic variables, a 2-week physical morbidity assessment, and assessments of depressive symptoms, academic stress, and QOL. The Chinese six-item QOL scale was used to assess QOL. Multiple linear regression was used to test the independent LBE–QOL association and the interaction between LBE and place of origin.Results: Students with childhood LBE had significantly lower QOL scores than those without LBE (60.1 ± 13.1 vs. 64.3 ± 11.7, p &lt; 0.001). After adjusting for the potential confounding effects of other sociodemographic variables, 2-week physical morbidity, depressive symptoms, and academic stress, childhood LBE was significantly associated with a lower QOL score (β: −3.022, p &lt; 0.001) and the LBE–place of origin interaction was still significantly associated with the QOL score (β: −2.413, p &lt; 0.001). Overall, compared to non-LBE, LBE was associated with a QOL score decrease of 5.93 among freshmen of urban origin and of 3.01 among freshmen of rural origin.Conclusion: In Chinese University freshmen, childhood LBE is independently associated with poor QOL, and the LBE–QOL association is greater among freshmen from urban backgrounds than among freshmen from rural backgrounds.
Risk Prediction Model for Esophageal Cancer Among General Population: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chen Ru , Zheng Rongshou , Zhou Jiachen , Li Minjuan , Shao Dantong , Li Xinqing , Wang Shengfeng , Wei Wenqiang 
Published: December 2021

Objective: The risk prediction model is an effective tool for risk stratification and is expected to play an important role in the early detection and prevention of esophageal cancer. This study sought to summarize the available evidence of esophageal cancer risk predictions models and provide references for their development, validation, and application.Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases for original articles published in English up to October 22, 2021. Studies that developed or validated a risk prediction model of esophageal cancer and its precancerous lesions were included. Two reviewers independently extracted study characteristics including predictors, model performance and methodology, and assessed risk of bias and applicability with PROBAST (Prediction model Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool).Results: A total of 20 studies including 30 original models were identified. The median area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of risk prediction models was 0.78, ranging from 0.68 to 0.94. Age, smoking, body mass index, sex, upper gastrointestinal symptoms, and family history were the most commonly included predictors. None of the models were assessed as low risk of bias based on PROBST. The major methodological deficiencies were inappropriate date sources, inconsistent definition of predictors and outcomes, and the insufficient number of participants with the outcome.Conclusions: This study systematically reviewed available evidence on risk prediction models for esophageal cancer in general populations. The findings indicate a high risk of bias due to several methodological pitfalls in model development and validation, which limit their application in practice.
Understanding the Implications of Peer Support for Families of Children With Neurodevelopmental and Intellectual Disabilities: A Scoping Review
Authors: Chakraborti Michelle , Gitimoghaddam Mojgan , McKellin William H. , Miller Anton Rodney , Collet Jean-Paul 
Published: November 2021

Background: Families are integrally involved in day-to-day caregiving of children with neurodevelopmental and intellectual disabilities (NDID). Given the widespread and increasing prevalence of children with NDID and the impact of family caregiving on psychological, social, and economic implications for both the child and family, understanding and supporting these families is an important public health concern.Objective: We conducted a scoping review on peer support networks to understand their implications on families. Considering increasing prevalence of NDID's, understanding the implications of existing networks is critical to improve and nurture future support networks that can complement and reduce the burden on existing formal support systems.Design: A comprehensive search of multiple databases was conducted. Articles were screened by two reviewers and any disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer. We explored existing research on parent-to-parent peer support networks, which included networks that developed informally as well as those that involved a formal facilitator for the group interpersonal processes. There were no limits on the study design, date and setting of the articles. We included all research studies in English that included an identifier for (i) “peer support networks,” (ii) “children with neurodevelopmental and intellectual disabilities” and (iii) “family caregiver outcomes.”Results: We identified 36 articles. Majority of the studies were conducted in North America, and were face to face networks. They included families of children with a wide range of NDIDs. Relevant information extracted from different studies highlighted peer support network characteristics and development process, needs of family caregivers attending these networks, factors affecting caregiver participation and the impact of peer support networks on family caregivers. These networks represent a way to strengthen family caregivers, developing resilience and social interactions. Family caregivers sharing similar experiences support one another and provide critical information to each other. Although results are encouraging, future studies incorporating improved study designs are needed to better evaluate the effectiveness of peer support networks. Furthermore, studies where peer support networks develop organically while the child is supported are warranted.Conclusion: Although results obtained are encouraging, our findings support the need for further research studies of peer support networks with better designs and more detailed description of the factors involved in the development.
Efficiency of Iranian Hospitals Before and After Health Sector Evolution Plan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Amini Saeed , Karami Matin Behzad , Didehdar Mojtaba , Alimohammadi Ali , Salimi Yahya , Amiresmaili Mohammadreza , Kazemi-Karyani Ali 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Aging, chronic diseases, and development of expensive and advanced technologies has increased hospitals costs which have necessitated their efficiency in utilization of resources. This systematic review and meta-analysis study has assessed the efficiency of Iranian hospitals before and after the 2011 Health Sector Evolution Plan (HSEP).Methods: Internal and external databases were searched using specified keywords without considering time limitations. The retrieved articles were entered into EndNote considering inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the final analysis was performed after removing duplicates. Heterogeneity between the studies was assessed using Q and I2 tests. A forest plot with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used to calculate different types of efficiency. The data were analyzed using STATA 14.Results: Random pooled estimation of hospitals technical, managerial, and scale efficiencies were 0.84 (95%CI = 0.78, 0.52), 0.9 (95%CI = 0.85, 0.94), and 0.88 (95%CI = 0.84, 0.91), respectively. Sub-group analysis on the basis of study year (before and after HSEP in 2011) indicated that random pool estimation of technical (0.86), managerial (0.91), and scale (0.90) efficiencies of Iranian hospitals for 2011 and before were better than technical (0.78), managerial (0.86), and scale (0.74) efficiencies after 2011.Conclusion: Type of hospital ownership was effective on hospital efficiency. However, HSEP has not improved hospital efficiency, so it is necessary for future national plans to consider all aspects.
Study Protocol for Evaluation of an Extended Maintenance Intervention on Life Satisfaction and BMI Among 7–14-Year-Old Children Following a Stay at a Residential Health Camp in Denmark
Authors: Kristoffersen Mette Juul , Michelsen Susan Ishøy , Rasmussen Mette , Due Pernille , Thygesen Lau Caspar , Krølner Rikke Fredenslund 
Published: November 2021

Background: It is challenging to maintain effects of public health interventions. For residential health camps benefits often disappear as the child returns home. Furthermore, long-term effects are often not measured or reported. This paper presents the study protocol for an evaluation of an extended maintenance intervention offered to children who have completed a 10-week residential health camp at one of the five Danish Christmas Seal Houses (DCSH). The target group of DSCH is 7–14-year-olds with social, mental, and/or overweight issues and the overall aim of the camp is to increase life satisfaction and a healthy lifestyle. The primary aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the maintenance intervention on children's life satisfaction (primary outcome) and BMI Z-score (secondary outcome) 1 year after health camp.Methods: The extended maintenance intervention is developed by DCSH and delivered to each child and family individually by an intervention coordinator to help children maintain positive benefits of the health camp on life satisfaction and health behaviors after returning to their homes. Intervention activities target the child and the family. The effect will be tested in a quasi-experimental design: The intervention is offered to half of the children at one of the five DSCH (intervention group, N~144) while the other half and the children at the other four DSCH receive a standard maintenance intervention (control group, N~894). Children will complete questionnaires on life satisfaction measured by an adapted version of the Cantril ladder and height and weight prior to health camp, at the end of health camp, 3 months and 1 year after the end of health camp. To enable per protocol analysis and nuanced interpretation of effect estimates, we will monitor the implementation of the intervention by a process evaluation study among children, parents, and follow up coordinators using qualitative and quantitative methods.Discussion: We present a systematic approach to evaluating practice-based interventions in a research design. The study will provide new knowledge on the effectiveness of individualized maintenance interventions on long-term effects on life satisfaction and weight loss among children.Trial registration: Prospectively registered at Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN 13011465 https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN13011465
Food Access, Diet Quality, and Nutritional Status of Older Adults During COVID-19: A Scoping Review
Authors: Nicklett Emily J. , Johnson Kimson E. , Troy Lisa M. , Vartak Maitreyi , Reiter Ann 
Published: December 2021

Background: COVID-19 has imposed challenges for older adults to access food, particularly in minority, lower income, and rural communities. However, the impact of COVID-19 on food access, diet quality, and nutrition of diverse older adult populations has not been systematically assessed.Objective: To examine changes in food access, diet quality, and nutritional status among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential differential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on these nutrition-related outcomes using the framework of the socio-ecological model.Methods: An electronic search was conducted on 3 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science) on March 7, 2021. Original, peer-reviewed English-language studies published 10/1/2019–3/1/2021 were considered for which the mean age of participants was 50 years and older. In order to be considered, studies must have examined food access, food security, or nutrition constructs as an outcome.Results: The initial search yielded 13,628 results, of which 9,145 were duplicates. Of the remaining 4,483 articles, 13 articles were in scope and therefore selected in the final analysis, which can be characterized as descriptive (n = 5), analytical (n = 6), and correlational (n = 2). Studies were conducted among community-dwelling older adult populations (n = 7) as well as those temporarily residing in hospital settings (n = 6) in 10 countries. None of the in-scope studies examined the impact of food programs or specific public policies or disaggregated data by race/ethnicity.Conclusions: More research is needed to examine the impact of COVID-19 on food access/security and the differential barriers experienced by older adult populations.
Previous COVID-19 Infection and Antibody Levels After Vaccination
Authors: Ali Hamad , Alahmad Barrak , Al-Shammari Abdullah A. , Alterki Abdulmohsen , Hammad Maha , Cherian Preethi , Alkhairi Irina , Sindhu Sardar , Thanaraj Thangavel Alphonse , Mohammad Anwar , Alghanim Ghazi , Deverajan Sriraman , Ahmad Rasheed , El-Shazly Sherief , Dashti Ali A. , Shehab Mohammad , Al-Sabah Salman , Alkandari Abdullah , Abubaker Jehad , Abu-Farha Mohamed , Al-Mulla Fahd 
Published: December 2021

Background: The emergence of new COVID-19 variants of concern coupled with a global inequity in vaccine access and distribution has prompted many public health authorities to circumvent the vaccine shortages by altering vaccination protocols and prioritizing persons at high risk. Individuals with previous COVID-19 infection may not have been prioritized due to existing humoral immunity.Objective: We aimed to study the association between previous COVID-19 infection and antibody levels after COVID-19 vaccination.Methods: A serological analysis to measure SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgA, and neutralizing antibodies was performed on individuals who received one or two doses of either BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 vaccines in Kuwait. A Student t-test was performed and followed by generalized linear regression models adjusted for individual characteristics and comorbidities were fitted to compare the average levels of IgG and neutralizing antibodies between vaccinated individuals with and without previous COVID-19 infection.Results: A total of 1,025 individuals were recruited. The mean levels of IgG, IgA, and neutralizing antibodies were higher in vaccinated subjects with previous COVID-19 infections than in those without previous infection. Regression analysis showed a steeper slope of decline for IgG and neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated individuals without previous COVID-19 infection compared to those with previous COVID-19 infection.Conclusion: Previous COVID-19 infection appeared to elicit robust and sustained levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in vaccinated individuals. Given the inconsistent supply of COVID-19 vaccines in many countries due to inequities in global distribution, our results suggest that even greater efforts should be made to vaccinate more people, especially individuals without previous COVID-19 infection.
Development of Graves' Disease After SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Lui David Tak Wai , Lee Ka Kui , Lee Chi Ho , Lee Alan Chun Hong , Hung Ivan Fan Ngai , Tan Kathryn Choon Beng 
Published: November 2021

Background: Mounting evidence has revealed the interrelationship between thyroid and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to explain the thyroid dysfunction and autoimmune thyroid disorders observed after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There are limited reports of thyroid dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.Methods: We report a case of a 40-year-old Chinese woman who developed Graves' disease after BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. A search of PubMed and Embase databases from 1 September 2019 to 31 August 2021 was performed using the following keywords: “COVID,” “vaccine,” “thyroid,” “thyroiditis,” and “Graves.”Results: A 40-year-old Chinese woman who had 8-year history of hypothyroidism requiring thyroxine replacement. Her anti-thyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies were negative at diagnosis. She received her first and second doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine on 6 April and 1 May 2021, respectively. She developed thyrotoxicosis and was diagnosed to have Graves' disease 5 weeks after the second dose of vaccine, with positive thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin level, diffuse goiter with hypervascularity on thyroid ultrasonography and diffusely increased thyroid uptake on technetium thyroid scan. Both anti-thyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies became positive. She was treated with carbimazole. Literature search revealed four cases of Graves' disease after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, all after mRNA vaccines; and nine cases of subacute thyroiditis, after different types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.Conclusion: Our case represents the fifth in the literature of Graves' disease after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, with an unusual presentation on a longstanding history of hypothyroidism. Clinicians should remain vigilant about potential thyroid dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in the current pandemic.