bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Darwin's bulbuls: South Asian cultures of bird fighting and Darwin's theory of sexual selection
Authors: Mukharji Projit Bihari 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe article explores the extent and nature of the relationship between Darwinian science and the British Empire. It does so by unpicking Darwin's British Indian examples of avian combat in constructing his ‘law of battle’. The article shows how Darwin's interpretation of these reports was simultaneously enabled, shaped and limited by the imperial context within which the reports were generated. Particularly important was Darwin's inability to see the enormous investment of human labour and complex knowledge in sculpting and curating these avian fights through a culture ofshauq. Partly this oversight followed from the South Asian birds having already been saturated by Romantic poetic associations, even before Darwin began considering them. Somewhat surprisingly, I note, Clifford Geertz shared Darwin's blindness towards the ‘cultural’ sculpting of ‘nature’ during avian combat.
‘Unravelling Babel’: Mary LeCron Foster on the origins of language
Authors: Kaplan Judith R. H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe origin of human language has been a perennial – and perennially controversial – topic in linguistics since the nineteenth century. Much of this work has engaged themes Charles Darwin set out inThe Descent of Man, though few authors acknowledge the text directly. How might we interpret such neglect? This essay contends that Darwin's reflections on language challenged foundational commitments in linguistics about the barrier between the history and prehistory of human communication. These commitments are thrown into relief through a detailed study of the dissenting symbolic and gestural theory of language origin put forth by Mary LeCron Foster, who rejected doctrines of linguistic arbitrariness and transformational-generative grammar. Her work on the frontier between animal and human communication is presented through a description of her ‘phememic’ account of the language origins. The paper also emphasizes the rhythm of Foster's career, which provides a significant counterpoint to standard accounts of the development and institutionalization of American linguistics during the twentieth century.
Darwin's bawdy: the popular, gendered and radical reception of theDescent of Manin the US, 1871–1910
Authors: Hamlin Kimberly A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMost studies of the American reception of Darwin have focused on theOrigin. TheDescent of Man, however, was even more widely read and discussed, especially by those outside the emerging scientific establishment. This essay maps the varied, popular and radical responses to theDescentand suggests that these unauthorized readers helped shape the formation of American scientific institutions (by encouraging scientists to close ranks), as well as ordinary Americans’ perceptions of gender and sex. I argue that the radical – freethinkers, socialists and feminists – embrace of sexual selection theory provides one explanation for naturalists’ scepticism of the theory.
Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation and a Brief Report of the Disease in Iran
Authors: Hajati Reza , Emamikhah Maziar , Danaee Fard Fardad , Rohani Mohammad , Alavi Afagh 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT:Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) is a term used for a group of hereditary neurological disorders with abnormal accumulation of iron in basal ganglia. It is clinically and genetically heterogeneous with symptoms such as dystonia, dysarthria, Parkinsonism, intellectual disability, and spasticity. The age at onset and rate of progression are variable among individuals. Current therapies are exclusively symptomatic and unable to hinder the disease progression. Approximately 16 genes have been identified and affiliated to such condition with different functions such as iron metabolism (only two genes: Ferritin Light Chain (FTL) Ceruloplasmin (CP)), lipid metabolism, lysosomal functions, and autophagy process, but some functions have remained unknown so far. Subgroups of NBIA are categorized based on the mutant genes. Although in the last 10 years, the development of whole-exome sequencing (WES) technology has promoted the identification of disease-causing genes, there seem to be some unknown genes and our knowledge about the molecular aspects and pathogenesis of NBIA is not complete yet. There is currently no comprehensive study about the NBIA in Iran; however, one of the latest discovered NBIA genes, GTP-binding protein 2 (GTPBP2), has been identified in an Iranian family, and there are some patients who have genetically remained unknown.
Processing GOTO survey data with the Rubin Observatory LSST Science Pipelines II: Forced Photometry and lightcurves
Authors: Makrygianni L. , Mullaney J. , Dhillon V. , Littlefair S. , Ackley K. , Dyer M. J. , Lyman J. , Ulaczyk K. , Cutter R. , Mong Y.-L. , Steeghs D. , Galloway D. K. , O’Brien P. , Ramsay G. , Poshyachinda S. , Kotak R. , Nuttall L. , Pallé E. , Pollacco D. , Thrane E. , Aukkaravittayapun S. , Awiphan S. , Breton R. P. , Burhanudin U. , Chote P. , Chrimes A. , Daw E. , Duffy C. , Eyles-Ferris R. , Gompertz B. , Heikkilä T. , Irawati P. , Kennedy M. , Killestein T. , Levan A. , Marsh T. , Mata-Sanchez D. , Mattila S. , Maund J. , McCormac J. , Mkrtichian D. , Rol E. , Sawangwit U. , Stanway E. , Starling R. , Strøm P. A , Tooke S. , Wiersema K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe have adapted the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) Science Pipelines to process data from the Gravitational-wave Optical Transient Observer (GOTO) prototype. In this paper, we describe how we used the LSST Science Pipelines to conduct forced photometry measurements on nightly GOTO data. By comparing the photometry measurements of sources taken on multiple nights, we find that the precision of our photometry is typically better than 20 mmag for sources brighter than 16 mag. We also compare our photometry measurements against colour-corrected Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System photometry and find that the two agree to within 10 mmag (1$\sigma$) for bright (i.e.,$\sim 14{\rm th} \mathrm{mag}$) sources to 200 mmag for faint (i.e.,$\sim 18{\rm th} \mathrm{mag}$) sources. Additionally, we compare our results to those obtained by GOTO’s own in-house pipeline,gotophoto, and obtain similar results. Based on repeatability measurements, we measure a$5\sigma$L-band survey depth of between 19 and 20 magnitudes, depending on observing conditions. We assess, using repeated observations of non-varying standard Sloan Digital Sky Survey stars, the accuracy of our uncertainties, which we find are typically overestimated by roughly a factor of two for bright sources (i.e.,$< 15{\rm th} \mathrm{mag}$), but slightly underestimated (by roughly a factor of 1.25) for fainter sources ($> 17{\rm th} \mathrm{mag}$). Finally, we present lightcurves for a selection of variable sources and compare them to those obtained with the Zwicky Transient Factory and GAIA. Despite the LSST Software Pipelines still undergoing active development, our results show that they are already delivering robust forced photometry measurements from GOTO data.
Consumption of carbonated soft drinks, fruits and vegetables and association with macroeconomic indicators: the analysis of students from seventy-four countries (2003–2015)
Authors: Ferreira Nathália L. , Bispo Stephanie , Claro Rafael M. , Lopes Aline C. S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to compare fruits and vegetables (FV), and carbonated soft drink (CSD) consumption among adolescents from seventy-four countries, according to macroeconomic indicators. This is an ecological study, developed with countries evaluated through the Global School-based Student Health Survey (2003–2014) and the National School Health Survey (PeNSE-Brazil, 2015). The percentages of students in each country who consumed CSD and FV daily and their association with the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Gross National Income per capita (GNIpc) were assessed. Scatter plots were constructed for each marker, and a multilevel model was tested to consider the effects of region in the associations. The overall prevalence of daily CSD consumption was 54·1 %. CSD consumption was positively associated with HDI and GNIpc through multilevel models, and Central and South America showed a considerable higher consumption compared with other regions. Overall, FV daily consumption was 67·9 % and 74·6 %, respectively, and no associations with macroeconomic indicators were found. The study shows concerning rates of CSD consumption among adolescents, and a trend of increased consumption with the improvement of the country’s development and GNIpc. This points for the importance of public policies that regulate food and beverage industries to reduce CSD consumption and related co-morbidities among adolescents.
Homotopy nilpotency of localized spheres and projective spaces
Authors: Golasiński Marek 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFor the $p$-localized sphere $\mathbb {S}^{2m-1}_{(p)}$ with $p >3$ a prime, we prove that the homotopy nilpotency satisfies $\mbox {nil}\ \mathbb {S}^{2m-1}_{(p)}<\infty$, with respect to any homotopy associative $H$-structure on $\mathbb {S}^{2m-1}_{(p)}$. We also prove that $\mbox {nil}\ \mathbb {S}^{2m-1}_{(p)}= 1$ for all but a finite number of primes $p >3$. Then, for the loop space of the associated $\mathbb {S}^{2m-1}_{(p)}$-projective space $\mathbb {S}^{2m-1}_{(p)}P(n-1)$, with $m,n\ge 2$ and $m\mid p-1$, we derive that $\mbox {nil}\ \Omega (\mathbb {S}^{2m-1}_{(p)}P (n-1))\le 3$.
Japanese women singer-songwriters of the 1970s: female agency, musical impact and social change
Authors: Lehtonen Lasse 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWith the debuts of highly popular artists such as Matsutōya Yumi, Nakajima Miyuki and Takeuchi Mariya, Japanese popular music of the 1970s saw a rise of young female singer-songwriters. Not only were they notably successful commercially but they were also respected as creative artists. This recognition and valuation of female professional creativity was extraordinary from a gender point of view. Furthermore, their position as active social agents defied the social expectations for women in Japan at that time. In this respect, they can be conceptualised as a musical embodiment of the movements pursuing female emancipation in the 1970s. While the musical significance of these female singer-songwriters has been recognised in previous studies, the gender point of view has remained largely unaddressed. By drawing from theories about female musicians and canon formation, this article re-assesses the social significance of Japanese female singer-songwriters of the 1970s.
Feasible speeds for two optimal periodic walking gaits of a planar biped robot
Authors: Hobon Mathieu , De-León-Gómez Víctor , Abba Gabriel , Aoustin Yannick , Chevallereau Christine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe purpose is to define the range of feasible speeds for two walking motions for a particular planar biped robot, which differ in the definition of their finite-time double support phases. For each speed, these two walking motions are numerically obtained by using a parametric optimization algorithm, regarding a sthenic criterion. Results allow us to define the range of allowable speeds for each walking. One result is that the first gait is less consuming in energy for moderate to fast velocity with respect to the second one, while the second gait is more efficient for low walking velocity.
IDENTIFICATION AND ESTIMATION IN A CORRELATED RANDOM COEFFICIENTS TRANSFORMATION MODEL
Authors: Zhang Zhengyu , Jin Zequn , Mu Beili 
Published: June 2021

This study examines identification and estimation in a correlated random coefficients (CRC) model with an unknown transformation of the dependent variable, namely$\lambda \left (Y^{*}\right)=B_{0}+X^{\prime }B$, where the latent outcome$Y^{*}$may be subject to a certain kind of censoring mechanism,$\lambda (\cdot)$is an unknown, one-to-one monotone function, and the random coefficients$\left (B_{0},B\right)$are allowed to be correlated with one or several components ofX. Under a conditional median independence plus a conditional median zero restriction, the mean ofBis shown to be identified up to scale. Moreover, we show the derivative of the median structural function (MSF) is point identified. This derivative of MSF resembles the marginal treatment effect introduced by Heckman and Vytlacil (2005,Econometrica73, 669–738).It generalizes the usual average treatment effect in a linear CRC model and coincides with$E(B)$when$\lambda $is equal to the identity function; it is invariant to both location and scale normalization on the coefficients. We develop estimators for the identified parameters and derive asymptotic properties for the derivative of MSF. An empirical example using the U.K. Family Expenditure Survey is provided.
Understanding how opportunity cost affects multi-objective conservation investment in the Central and Southern Appalachian Region (USA)
Authors: Cho Seong-Hoon , Lee Young Gwan , Zhu Gengping 
Published: June 2021

SummaryConsensus does not exist for which cost forms (i.e., one accounting solely for explicit cost and the other for both explicit and opportunity costs as in relative opportunity cost) are used in calculating return on investment (ROI) for conservation-related decisions. This research examines how the cost of conservation investment with and without inclusion of the opportunity cost of the protected area results in different solutions in a multi-objective optimization framework at the county level in the Central and Southern Appalachian Region of the USA. We maximize rates of ROI of both forest-dependent biodiversity and economic impact generated by forest-based payments for ecosystem services. We find that the conservation budget is optimally distributed more narrowly among counties that are more likely to be rural when the investment cost measure is relative opportunity cost than when it is explicit cost. We also find that the sacrifice in forest-dependent biodiversity per unit increase in economic impact is higher when investment cost is measured by relative opportunity cost rather than when measured by explicit cost. By understanding the consequences of using one cost measure over the other, a conservation agency can decide on which cost measure is more appropriate for informing the agency’s decision-making process.
Parent mental health and family functioning following diagnosis of CHD: a research agenda and recommendations from the Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative
Authors: Sood Erica , Lisanti Amy Jo , Woolf-King Sarah E. , Wray Jo , Kasparian Nadine , Jackson Emily , Gregory Mary R. , Lopez Keila N. , Marino Bradley S. , Neely Trent , Randall Amy , Zyblewski Sinai C. , Brosig Cheryl L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDiagnosis of CHD substantially affects parent mental health and family functioning, thereby influencing child neurodevelopmental and psychosocial outcomes. Recognition of the need to proactively support parent mental health and family functioning following cardiac diagnosis to promote psychosocial adaptation has increased substantially over recent years. However, significant gaps in knowledge remain and families continue to report critical unmet psychosocial needs. TheParent Mental Health and Family Functioning Working Groupof the Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative was formed in 2018 through support from an R13 grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute to identify significant knowledge gaps related to parent mental health and family functioning, as well as critical questions that must be answered to further knowledge, policy, care, and outcomes. Conceptually driven investigations are needed to identify parent mental health and family functioning factors with the strongest influence on child outcomes, to obtain a deeper understanding of the biomarkers associated with these factors, and to better understand how parent mental health and family functioning influence child outcomes over time. Investigations are also needed to develop, test, and implement sustainable models of mental health screening and assessment, as well as effective interventions to optimise parent mental health and family functioning to promote psychosocial adaptation. The critical questions and investigations outlined in this paper provide a roadmap for future research to close gaps in knowledge, improve care, and promote positive outcomes for families of children with CHD.
Evaluating the implementation and customer acceptability of a sugar-sweetened beverage reduction initiative in thirty Australian aquatic and recreation centres
Authors: Boelsen-Robinson Tara , Jerebine Alethea , Kurzeme Ariana , Gilham Beth , Huse Oliver T , Blake Miranda R , Backholer Kathryn , Chung Alexandra , Peeters Anna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjective:To assess the feasibility of implementation and customer perspectives of a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) reduction initiative across YMCA Victoria aquatic and recreation centres.Design:Two data sources were used to assess implementation and customer acceptability. Photo audits were used to assess the type of drinks available for purchase 6 months prior to initiative implementation and 6 months after, in thirty centres. Change in the range of SSB targeted for removal, non-targeted SSB, as well as drinks classified as ‘red’ (limit), ‘amber’ (choose carefully) and ‘green’ (best choice), was reported. Customer surveys were conducted in three centres to assess acceptability and awareness of the initiative. Inductive and deductive thematic analysis was used to analyse customers’ perspectives of the initiative.Setting:30 aquatic and recreation centres in Victoria, Australia.Participants:806 customers.Results:At post-implementation, 87 % of centres had removed targeted SSB. ‘Red’ drinks reduced by an average of 4·4 drink varieties compared to pre-implementation (11·9 varieties) and ‘green’ drinks increased by 1·4 varieties (3·2 varieties pre-implementation). Customers were largely unaware of the SSB-reduction initiative (90 %) but supported YMCA Victoria in continuing the initiative (89 %), with many believing it would support children in making healthier choices.Conclusions:Implementation of an initiative that limited SSB availability across a large number of aquatic and recreation centres was feasible and considered acceptable by customers. Customers frequently mentioned the importance of protecting children from consuming SSB.
ASYMMETRICAL CELL DIVISION WITH EXPONENTIAL GROWTH
Authors: ZAIDI A. A. , VAN BRUNT B. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn advanced pantograph-type partial differential equation, supplemented with initial and boundary conditions, arises in a model of asymmetric cell division. Methods for solving such problems are limited owing to functional (nonlocal) terms. The separation of variables entails an eigenvalue problem that involves a nonlocal ordinary differential equation. We discuss plausible eigenvalues that may yield nontrivial solutions to the problem for certain choices of growth and division rates of cells. We also consider the asymmetric division of cells with linear growth rate which corresponds to “exponential growth” and exponential rate of cell division, and show that the solution to the problem is a certain Dirichlet series. The distribution of the first moment of the biomass is shown to be unimodal.
Substantial Sea Surface Temperature Cooling in the Banda Sea Associated With the Madden‐Julian Oscillation in the Boreal Winter of 2015
Authors: Pei Suyang , Shinoda Toshiaki , Steffen John , Seo Hyodae 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSubstantial (∼2°C) basin averaged sea surface temperature (SST) cooling in the Banda Sea occurred in less than a 14‐day period during the 2015 boreal winter Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO). Such rapid and large cooling associated with the MJO has not been reported at least in the last two decades. Processes that control the substantial cooling during the 2015 MJO event are examined using high‐resolution ocean reanalysis and one‐dimensional (1‐D) ocean model simulations. Previous studies suggest that MJO‐induced SST variability in the Banda Sea is primarily controlled by surface heat flux. However, heat budget analysis of the model indicates that entrainment cooling produced by vertical mixing contributes more than surface heat flux for driving the basin‐wide SST cooling during the 2015 event. Analysis of the ocean reanalysis further demonstrates that the prominent coastal upwelling around islands in the southern basin occurs near the end of the cooling period. The upwelled cold waters are advected by MJO‐induced surface currents to a large area within the Banda Sea, which further maintains the basin‐wide cold SST. These results are compared with another MJO‐driven substantial cooling event during the boreal winter of 2007 in which the cooling is mostly driven by surface heat flux. Sensitivity experiments, in which initial temperature conditions for the two events are replaced by each other, demonstrate that the elevated thermocline associated with the 2015 strong El Niño is largely responsible for the intensified cooling generated by the vertical mixing with colder subsurface waters.
Development and Implementation of a Physics‐Based Convective Mixing Scheme in the Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling Framework
Authors: Pouyaei Arman , Sadeghi Bavand , Choi Yunsoo , Jung Jia , Souri Amir H. , Zhao Chun , Song Chul Han 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTo improve the representation of convective mixing of atmospheric pollutants in the presence of clouds, we developed a convection module based on Kain and Fritsch (KF) method and implemented it in the Community Multiscale Air Quality model. The KF‐convection method is a mass‐flux‐based model that accounts for updraft flux, downdraft flux, entrainment, detrainment, and the subsidence effect. The method is consistent with the convection parametrization of the meteorology model. We apply the KF‐convection model to an idealized case and to a reference setup prepared for East Asia during the KORUS‐AQ campaign period to investigate its impact on carbon monoxide (CO) concentration at various atmospheric altitudes. We investigate the impact of KF‐convection on the horizontal distribution of CO concentrations by comparing it to aircraft measurements and the MOPITT CO column. We further discuss two types of impacts of KF‐convection: the direct impact caused by vertical movement of CO concentrations by updraft or downdraft and the indirect impact caused by transport of lifted CO concentrations to another region. May 12 saw a high indirect impact originating from the Shanghai region at higher altitudes and a high direct impact of updraft fluxes at 1 km altitude. However, May 26 revealed an immense updraft increasing higher altitude concentrations (up to 40 ppbv) and diverse indirect impacts over the region of the study (±50 ppbv). The overall comparison shows a strong connection between differences in the amount of concentration caused by the direct impact at each altitude with the presence of an updraft at that altitude. The developed model can be employed in large domains (i.e., East Asia, Europe, North America, and Northern Hemisphere) with sub‐grid scale cloud modeling to include the impacts of convection.