bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sestrin2 protects dendrite cells against ferroptosis induced by sepsis
Authors: Li Jing-yan , Ren Chao , Wang Li-Xue , Yao Ren-qi , Dong Ning , Wu Yao , Tian Ying-ping , Yao Yong-ming 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFerroptosis is a nonapoptotic form of programmed cell death triggered by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) depended on iron overload. Although most investigations focus on the relationship between ferroptosis and cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and ischemia/reperfusion injury, research on ferroptosis induced by immune-related inflammatory diseases, especially sepsis, is scarce. Sestrin2 (Sesn2), a highly evolutionary and stress-responsive protein, is critically involved in defense against oxidative stress challenges. Upregulated expression of Sesn2 has been observed in preliminary experiments to have an antioxidative function in the context of an inflammatory response. Nevertheless, the underlying function of Sesn2 in inflammation-mediated ferroptosis in the immune system remains uncertain. The current study aimed to demonstrate the protective effect of Sesn2 on ferroptosis and even correlations with ferroptosis and the functions of ferroptotic-dendritic cells (DCs) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The mechanism underlying DCs protection from LPS-induced ferroptosis by Sesn2 was further explored in this study. We found that the immune response of DCs assessed by co-stimulatory phenotypes was gradually enhanced at the peak time of 12 h upon 1 μg/ml LPS stimulation while ferroptosis in DCs treated with LPS at 24 h was significantly detected. LPS-induced ferroptosis showed a suppressive impact on DCs in phenotypic maturation, which was conversely relieved by the ferroptotic inhibitor. Compared with wild-type (WT) mice, DCs in genetic defective mice of Sesn2 (Sesn2−/−) exhibited exacerbated ferroptosis. Furthermore, the protective effect of Sesn2 on ferroptosis was noticed to be associated with the ATF4-CHOP-CHAC1 pathway, eventually exacerbating ferroptosis by degrading of glutathione. These results indicate that Sesn2 can suppress the ferroptosis of DCs in sepsis by downregulating the ATF4-CHOP-CHAC1 signaling pathway, and it might play an antioxidative role.
Notch1/TAZ axis promotes aerobic glycolysis and immune escape in lung cancer
Authors: Xie Mian , Fu Xin-ge , Jiang Ke 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOncogenic signaling pathway reprograms cancer cell metabolism to promote aerobic glycolysis in favor of tumor growth. The ability of cancer cells to evade immunosurveillance and the role of metabolic regulators in T-cell functions suggest that oncogene-induced metabolic reprogramming may be linked to immune escape. Notch1 signaling, dysregulated in lung cancer, is correlated with increased glycolysis. Herein, we demonstrate in lung cancer that Notch1 promotes glycolytic gene expression through functional interaction with histone acetyltransferases p300 and pCAF. Notch1 signaling forms a positive feedback loop with TAZ. Notch1 transcriptional activity was increased in the presence of TAZ and the activation was TEAD1 independent. Notably, aerobic glycolysis was critical for Notch1/TAZ axis modulation of lung cancer growth in vitro and in vivo. Increased level of extracellular lactate via Notch1/TAZ axis inhibited cytotoxic T-cell activity, leading to the invasive characteristic of lung cancer cells. Interaction between Notch1 and TAZ promoted aerobic glycolysis and immune escape in lung cancer. Our findings provide potential therapeutic targets against Notch1 and TAZ and would be important for clinical translation in lung cancer.
Non-apoptotic function of caspase-8 confers prostate cancer enzalutamide resistance via NF-κB activation
Authors: Xia Jia , Zhang Jiahui , Wang Liangzhe , Liu Hailong , Wang Jie , Liu Junyan , Liu Zhaoqian , Zhu Yingjian , Xu Yingjie , Yang Wen , Yu Yongjiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCaspase-8 is a unique member of caspases with a dual role in cell death and survival. Caspase-8 expression is often lost in some tumors, but increased in others, indicating a potential pro-survival function in cancer. By analyzing transcriptome of enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cells, we found that resistance was conferred by a mild caspase-8 upregulation that in turn led to NF-κB activation and the subsequent upregulation of the downstream IL-8. Mechanistically, we found that the pro-survival and enzalutamide-resistance-promoting features of caspase-8 were independent of its proteolytic activity, using a catalytically-inactive caspase-8 mutant. We further demonstrated that caspase-8 pro-apoptotic function was inhibited via cFLIP binding. Moreover, high caspase-8 expression was correlated with a worse prognosis in prostate cancer patients. Collectively, our work demonstrates that enzalutamide-resistance is mediated by caspase-8 upregulation and the consequent increase in NF-κB/IL-8 mediated survival signaling, highlighting caspase-8 and NF-κB as potential therapeutic targets to overcome enzalutamide-resistance in CRPC.
Proteomic signatures of myeloid derived suppressor cells from liver and lung metastases reveal functional divergence and potential therapeutic targets
Authors: DaSilva Nicholas A. , Barlock Benjamin J. , Guha Prajna , Ghosh Chandra C. , Trebino Catherine E. , Camberg Jodi L. , Katz Steven C. , Rowley David C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMyeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) promote immunosuppressive activities in the tumor microenvironment (TME), resulting in increased tumor burden and diminishing the anti-tumor response of immunotherapies. While primary and metastatic tumors are typically the focal points of therapeutic development, the immune cells of the TME are differentially programmed by the tissue of the metastatic site. In particular, MDSCs are programmed uniquely within different organs in the context of tumor progression. Given that MDSC plasticity is shaped by the surrounding environment, the proteomes of MDSCs from different metastatic sites are hypothesized to be unique. A bottom-up proteomics approach using sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS) was used to quantify the proteome of CD11b+ cells derived from murine liver metastases (LM) and lung metastases (LuM). A comparative proteomics workflow was employed to compare MDSC proteins from LuM (LuM-MDSC) and LM (LM-MDSC) while also elucidating common signaling pathways, protein function, and possible drug-protein interactions. SWATH-MS identified 2516 proteins from 200 µg of sample. Of the 2516 proteins, 2367 have matching transcriptomic data. Upregulated proteins from lung and liver-derived murine CD11b+ cells with matching mRNA transcriptomic data were categorized based on target knowledge and level of drug development. Comparative proteomic analysis demonstrates that liver and lung tumor-derived MDSCs have distinct proteomes that may be subject to pharmacologic manipulation.
Circular RNAs in osteoporosis: expression, functions and roles
Authors: Luo Yinzhou , Qiu Guanzhen , Liu Yize , Li Shanshan , Xu Yeqiu , Zhang Yuanzhuang , Cao Yuan , Wang Yong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOsteoporosis, which is caused by an imbalance in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, is a global age-related metabolic disease. Osteoblasts induce osteocyte and bone matrix formation, while osteoclasts play an important role in bone resorption. Maintaining a balance between osteoblast formation and osteoclastic absorption is crucial for bone remodeling. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are characterized by closed-loop structures, are a class of novel endogenous transcripts with limited protein-coding abilities. Accumulating evidence indicates that circRNAs play important roles in various bone diseases, such as osteosarcoma, osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis, and osteoporosis. Recent studies have shown that circRNAs regulate osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and may be potential biomarkers for osteoporosis. In the current review, we summarize the expression, function, and working mechanisms of circRNAs involved in osteoblasts, osteoclast differentiation, and osteoporosis.
Soil moisture content prediction model for tea plantations based on SVM optimised by the bald eagle search algorithm
Authors: Huang Ying , Jiang Hao , Wang Wen‐feng , Wang Weixing , Sun Daozong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn order to solve the problem of low accuracy and efficiency of soil moisture content prediction in tea plantations and improve the level of soil water content prediction, a soil moisture content prediction model for tea plantations based on the support vector machine (SVM)‐optimised bald eagle search (BES) algorithm (BES‐SVM) is proposed. Soil data and environmental data of tea plantations were transmitted to the server using sensor nodes and weather station nodes. The prediction models of soil moisture content and natural environmental parameters such as soil electrical conductivity, soil temperature, air temperature, air humidity, light intensity, and rainfall were developed using the SVM model optimised by the bald eagle search algorithm, and the mean square error (MSE) and coefficient of determination () were calculated to evaluate the model performance. Meanwhile, the performance of the BES‐SVM model is compared with the particle swarm algorithm optimisation SVM (PSO‐SVM) and genetic algorithm optimised SVM (GA‐SVM) models. Results show that the proposed model has a mean coefficient of determination of 95.65%, and the prediction performance is better than the PSO‐SVM and GA‐SVM model, indicating that the BES‐SVM model has good performance and is a feasible prediction method for soil water content prediction and guiding irrigation and fertilisation management in tea plantations.
Improved cluster validity index for fuzzy clustering
Authors: Kwon Soon Hak , Kim Jihong , Son Seo Ho 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn improved cluster validity index for fuzzy clustering that is able to overcome three intrinsic drawbacks in conventional cluster validity indexes is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed index is demonstrated by the analysis of its limiting behaviour and comparison with the performance of the Xie‐Beni index, Kwon index, and Tang index on twelve data sets.
Efficient detection and robust tracking of spermatozoa in microscopic video
Authors: Zhu Ronghua , Cui Yansong , Hou Enyu , Huang Jianming 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSperm concentration and motility are generally analysed only in the discrete state in microscopic videos. As for sperm nonspecific aggregation areas, it brings difficulties to accurate sperm detection. In this paper, an algorithm for nonspecific aggregates automatic segmentation, detection and tracking of sperm is proposed. A grid model commensurate with the size of a sperm head is created to segment nonspecific aggregation areas. Multi‐scale edge function and new energy functional are designed based on the level set method to realize sperm head segmentation. In the sperm tracking stage, we improve the weight condition and the standard of trust flow quantization based on graph theory method, and simplify the sperm tracking to the vertex matching between two frames to solve the matching failure problem of adjacent frames with small space distance. The proposed method achieves accurate segmentation of sperm non‐specific aggregation regions, which outperforms the level set methods of LBF and SBGFR. At the same time, our method can real‐time calculation of sperm concentration and motility during sperm tracking. It is compared with four state‐of‐the‐art algorithms, and it gives lower tracking error rates, which has potential applications in male fertility field.
A Weibull‐distribution‐based hybrid total variation method for speckle reduction in ultrasound images
Authors: Cui Wenchao , Shao Liangzhi , Gong Guoqiang , Lu Ke , Sun Shuifa , Wu Yirong , Zhou Yiyuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSpeckle reduction is still an intractable task in ultrasound imaging field. Ultrasound speckle is usually described as multiplicative noise with its statistics following a Rayleigh or Gaussian distribution. To employ these two distributions effectively, the authors attempt to describe ultrasound speckle using a Weibull distribution, because it can include the Rayleigh distribution as a special case and also approximate a Gaussian distribution by varying its shape and scale parameters. The authors’ contribution in this paper is to propose a Weibull‐distribution‐based hybrid total variation (WHTV) method to reduce ultrasound speckle. The WHTV energy functional is convex and consists of a new data fidelity term and a new regularization term. The former is derived from the multiplicative Weibull model of ultrasound speckle based on the maximum likelihood criterion. The latter is a new edge‐weighted combination of the first‐ and second‐order total variation, with the advantage of preserving edges while alleviating the staircase effects. The minimization of the WHTV energy functional is implemented by the split Bregman algorithm. Experimental results on synthetic and real ultrasound images have demonstrated not only that the Weibull distribution is a better fitting model for the statistics of ultrasound speckle than other distributions such as Rayleigh, Gaussian, Gamma, and Nakagami, but also that the proposed WHTV method can achieve better despeckling performance than several state‐of‐the‐art variational methods.
Twisted Rota–Baxter operators and Reynolds operators on Lie algebras and NS-Lie algebras
Authors: Das Apurba 
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we introduce twisted Rota–Baxter operators on Lie algebras as an operator analog of twisted r-matrices. We construct a suitable L∞-algebra whose Maurer–Cartan elements are given by twisted Rota–Baxter operators. This allows us to define the cohomology of a twisted Rota–Baxter operator. This cohomology can be seen as the Chevalley–Eilenberg cohomology of a certain Lie algebra with coefficients in a suitable representation. We study deformations of twisted Rota–Baxter operators from cohomological points of view. Some applications are given to Reynolds operators and twisted r-matrices. Next, we introduce a new algebraic structure, called NS-Lie algebras, that is related to twisted Rota–Baxter operators in the same way pre-Lie algebras are related to Rota–Baxter operators. We end this paper by considering twisted generalized complex structures on modules over Lie algebras.
Cosmetic Filler Blindness: Recovery After Repeated Hyaluronidase Injections
Authors: Danks Jennifer J , Dalgliesh James D , Ayton Tom 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
The rise of cosmetic injectables has involved new clinical scenarios related to complications. The scenario of hyaluronic acid (HA) aesthetic interventional–induced visual loss has become more recognized. Although this complication is rare, there can be delayed recognition and treatment, with limited opportunity to evaluate potential treatments and establish best practice guidelines.

Objectives
The authors report a case of documented visual recovery with extra-orbital and intra-orbital hyaluronidase. Central retinal artery occlusion is an ischemic event requiring urgent intervention. The authors hope to assist protocols being developed for HA aesthetic interventional–induced visual loss.

Methods
Following loss of vision, 675 international units (IU) of hyaluronidase was given immediately to the injection site and extra-orbital area. Within 4 hours, 3000 IU intra-orbital and 1500 IU extra-orbital hyaluronidase were given.

Results
Visual loss in a 38-year-old female, following ipsilateral nasal injection of 0.15 mL of HA filler Juvéderm Voluma via the nasal tip, was documented at no perception of light with afferent pupil defect, central retinal artery occlusion, and fundoscopy showing a cherry red spot. This was associated with cerebral irritation and magnetic resonance imaging ischemia. Hyaluronidase was injected as described above. The following day, visual acuity (VA) in the affected eye recovered to 6/18 with a relative superior visual field scotoma. The VA improved to 6/6 at 1 month.

Conclusions
The authors believe immediate injection followed by high dose intra-orbital and extra-orbital injection of hyaluronidase had a positive effect in this case. Recovery of vision was remarkable, from no perception of light to 6/6, documented at a tertiary referral eye hospital.

Level of Evidence: 4
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease: Concerning Trends in Serotype 19A Notifications in New Zealand
Authors: Anglemyer Andrew , McNeill Andrea , DuBray Kara , . Sonder Gerard J B , Walls Tony 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
New Zealand (NZ) is one of few countries to shift from PCV13 to PCV10. The number of serotype 19A cases in young children and the proportions of isolates that are penicillin-resistant have been steadily increasing since. It is time for NZ to reconsider its choice of pneumococcal vaccine.
Outcomes of patients with COVID-19 on kidney replacement therapy: a comparison among modalities in England
Authors: Savino Manuela , Santhakumaran Shalini , Evans Katharine M , Steenkamp Retha , Benoy-Deeney Fran , Medcalf James F , Nitsch Dorothea 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Chronic kidney disease is a recognized risk factor of poor outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used the UK Renal Registry database of people on kidney replacement therapy (KRT) at the end of 2019 in England and who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) between 1 March 2020 and 31 August 2020 to analyse the incidence and outcomes of COVID-19 among different KRT modalities. Comparisons with 2015–2019 mortality data were used to estimate excess deaths.

Results
A total of 2783 individuals on KRT tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Patients from more-deprived areas {most deprived versus least deprived hazard ratio [HR] 1.20 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.39]} and those with diabetes compared with those without [HR 1.51 (95% CI 1.39–1.64)] were more likely to test positive. Approximately 25% of in-centre haemodialysis and transplanted patients died within 28 days of testing positive compared with 36% of those on home therapies. Mortality was higher in those ≥80 years of age compared with those 60–79 years [odds ratio (OR) 1.71 (95% CI 1.34–2.19)] and much lower in those listed for transplantation compared with those not listed [OR 0.56 (95% CI 0.40–0.80)]. Overall, excess mortality in 2020 for people on KRT was 36% higher than the 2015–2019 average. Excess deaths peaked in April 2020 at the height of the pandemic and were characterized by wide ethnic and regional disparities.

Conclusions
The impact of COVID-19 on the English KRT population highlights their extreme vulnerability and emphasizes the need to protect and prioritize this group for vaccination. COVID-19 has widened underlying inequalities in people with kidney disease, making interventions that address health inequalities a priority.
The Effect of Early vs Delayed Initiation of Adalimumab on Remission Rates in Patients With Crohn’s Disease With Poor Prognostic Factors: The MODIFY Study
Authors: Mantzaris Gerassimos J , Zeglinas Christos , Theodoropoulou Angeliki , Koutroubakis Ioannis , Orfanoudaki Eleni , Katsanos Konstantinos , Christodoulou Dimitrios , Michalopoulos Georgios , Tzouvala Maria , Moschovis Dimitrios , Michopoulos Spyridon , Zampeli Evanthia , Soufleris Konstantinos , Ilias Anastasios , Chatzievangelinou Christina , Kyriakakis Antonios , Antachopoulou Konstantia , Karmiris Konstantinos 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Data on the effectiveness of anti-tumor necrosis factor medications in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) with poor prognostic factors (PPFs) are scarce. This study aimed to generate real-world evidence on the effect of early (≤24 months after diagnosis) vs delayed (&gt;24 months) initiation of adalimumab (ADL) on the 26-week remission rate (Harvey–Bradshaw Index ≤4) in these patients.

Methods
This multicentre, retrospective, chart review study performed in 10 Greek hospitals enrolled adult patients with moderate to severe CD (Harvey–Bradshaw Index ≥8) with ≥3 PPFs who were initiated on ADL ≥12 months before enrollment. A sample size of 164 patients (early:delayed cohort allocation ratio, 30:70) was required to address the primary endpoint.

Results
Eligible patients (n = 171) were consecutively enrolled. In the early vs delayed cohorts, the 26-week remission rates (off-steroids) using the last-observation-carried-forward imputation method were 60.7% (37/61) vs 47.2% (50/106), respectively (Δ = 13.5%, P = .044). The respective remission rates were 61.2% vs 42.4% among anti-tumor necrosis factor-naive patients (P = .023) and 58.3% vs 53.2% among anti-tumor necrosis factor-experienced patients (P = .374). The 52-week remission rates using as-observed data were 78.8% and 60.3%, and the intestinal resection rates were 6.5% and 11.9% in the early vs delayed ADL cohorts, respectively.

Conclusions
Patients with CD with PPFs who received early vs delayed treatment with ADL achieved higher clinical response and remission rates. This effect was more pronounced in those patients who were bio-naive and steroid-dependent/refractory with concurrent extraintestinal manifestations than those who were not.
Healed plaque erosion as a cause of recurrent vasospastic angina: a case report
Authors: Yamamoto Tetsuya , Toshimitsu Ishii , Ishida Akihiko 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Recurrent vasospastic angina sometimes occurs. Fresh thrombi have been known to arise without plaque rupture at coronary spasm sites due to blood flow stagnation and intimal erosion caused by vasospasms. The relationship between recurrence of vasospastic angina and thrombus formation remains unclear.

Case summary
A 67-year-old man presented with sudden chest pain at rest. Electrocardiography and coronary angiography indicated vasospastic angina. His chest pain persisted despite the administration of benidipine, isosorbide mononitrate, nicorandil, and nifedipine. Coronary angiography performed one month after initial presentation showed stenosis refractory to isosorbide administration. Optical coherence tomography revealed a healed plaque, and a stent was deployed. The patient remained symptom-free at 1-year follow-up.

Discussion
Prolonged coronary vasospasm with limited coronary blood flow could induce total occlusion of the coronary artery, and acute thrombus formation, which resulted in healed plaque erosion. When vasospastic angina cannot be controlled, rapidly progressive stenosis caused by healed plaque erosion could be its underlying cause and mechanism. This report indicates that antiplatelet therapy may be a preventive option for future recurrent vasospastic angina, especially in those caused by healed plaques.