bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel antimicrobial anionic cecropins from the spruce budworm feature a poly‐L‐aspartic acid C‐terminus
Authors: Maaroufi Halim , Potvin Marianne , Cusson Michel , Levesque Roger C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCecropins form a family of amphipathic α‐helical cationic peptides with broad‐spectrum antibacterial properties and potent anticancer activity. The emergence of bacteria and cancer cells showing resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) has fostered a search for new, more selective and more effective alternatives to CAMPs. With this goal in mind, we looked for cecropin homologs in the genome and transcriptome of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana. Not only did we find paralogs of the conventional cationic cecropins (Cfcec+), our screening also led to the identification of previously uncharacterized anionic cecropins (Cfcec−), featuring a poly‐l‐aspartic acid C‐terminus. Comparative peptide analysis indicated that the C‐terminal helix of Cfcec− is amphipathic, unlike that of Cfcec+, which is hydrophobic. Interestingly, molecular dynamics simulations pointed to the lower conformational flexibility of Cfcec− peptides, relative to that of Cfcec+. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the evolution of distinct Cfcec+ and Cfcec− peptides may have resulted from an ancient duplication event within the Lepidoptera. Finally, we found that both anionic and cationic cecropins contain a BH3‐like motif (G‐[KQR]‐[HKQNR]‐[IV]‐[KQR]) that could interact with Bcl‐2, a protein involved in apoptosis; this observation is congruent with previous reports indicating that cecropins induce apoptosis. Altogether, our observations suggest that cecropins may provide templates for the development of new anticancer drugs. We also estimated the antibacterial activity of Cfcec‐2 and a ∆Cfce‐2 peptide as AMPs by testing directly their ability in inhibiting bacterial growth in a disk diffusion assay and their potential for development of novel therapeutics.
High‐speed plasma treatment of polyethylene terephthalate films using ultrasound assisted dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Fang Cheng , Kusano Yukihiro , Bardenshtein Alexander 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPolyethylene‐terephthalate (PET) films were treated using an air‐to‐air type atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma in helium with ultrasonic irradiation, particularly for aiming at improving wettability. Airborne ultrasound was irradiated to the plasma using a pneumo‐acoustic stem‐jet Hartmann's generator. The wettability was significantly improved even when the treatment speed was up to 300 mm/s, corresponding to an estimated exposure time of approximately 30 ms. It is at least a factor of 30 shorter than the time required to achieve the same level of plasma treatment effect without ultrasonic irradiation. This effect opens an opportunity for industrial implementation of high‐speed plasma treatment of PET flexible packaging films by a straightforward embedding of pneumatic generators of ultrasound into existing wide‐web roll‐to‐roll commercial machines based on DBD.
The critical probability for Voronoi percolation in the hyperbolic plane tends to 1/2
Authors: Hansen Benjamin T. , Müller Tobias 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe consider percolation on the Voronoi tessellation generated by a homogeneous Poisson point process on the hyperbolic plane. We show that the critical probability for the existence of an infinite cluster tends to 1/2 as the intensity of the Poisson process tends to infinity. This confirms a conjecture of Benjamini and Schramm [5].
Stressful life events and psychosis: Gender differences
Authors: Mansueto Giovanni , Faravelli Carlo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThere is evidence that stressful events are associated with psychosis. This study aimed to explore sex differences in the association between stressful life events occurring during childhood and adulthood and psychosis. A total of 78 psychotic patients and 156 controls were enrolled. Childhood adversities were evaluated using a validated semi‐structured interview and the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire. Recent life events were recorded using a semi‐structured interview with a normative and contextual approach. The diagnosis of psychosis was made according to Jablensky's criteria. χ2 and t‐test statistical analyses were run. Odds ratios were calculated in logistic regression. People with psychosis reported more exposure to both childhood adversities and recent events than the general population. An excess of childhood physical abuse was found among male psychotic patients, whereas both childhood sexual abuse and recent life events were overrepresented among female patients in comparison with the general population. There was a cumulative effect of stressful life events on psychosis, although it was stronger among females than in males. It is likely that there are gender differences in the association between stressful life events and psychosis.
Dimensionality reduction of complex reaction networks in heterogeneous catalysis: From linear‐scalingrelationships to statistical learning techniques
Authors: Pablo‐García Sergio , García‐Muelas Rodrigo , Sabadell‐Rendón Albert , López Núria 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe mechanistic analysis in heterogeneous catalysis is based on listing all elementary steps and evaluating explicitly their energies. To this end, computational models based on Density Functional Theory have become a standard to estimate the information needed in mechanistic studies. Typically, either the minimum energy paths or those with the smaller span are summarized in reaction profiles. Such simplifications gather a lot of information, although further dimensionality reduction is required to obtain the most relevant descriptors of catalytic activity and generate the so‐called volcano plots. The selection of descriptors has been traditionally based on simple intermediates, such as central atoms in small molecules (as C in CH4), which have good thermodynamic correlations to other fragments containing them. Yet, in emerging processes (recent studies), the number of intermediates involved increase, configurational effects and lateral interactions become significant, and complex materials with low symmetry are employed, thus the simple rules encapsulated in linear scaling relationships lose their predictive power due to error accumulation. At the same time, large datasets generated for the intermediates call for statistical analysis and thus these techniques are being leveraged to chemical systems, particularly to reduce their dimensionality.This article is categorized under:Structure and Mechanism > Reaction Mechanisms and CatalysisStructure and Mechanism > Computational Materials ScienceElectronic Structure Theory > Ab Initio Electronic Structure Methods
Analytic structure of all loop banana integrals
Authors: Bönisch Kilian , Fischbach Fabian , Klemm Albrecht , Nega Christoph , Safari Reza 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUsing the Gelfand-Kapranov-Zelevinskĭ system for the primitive cohomology of an infinite series of complete intersection Calabi-Yau manifolds, whose dimension is the loop order minus one, we completely clarify the analytic structure of all banana integrals with arbitrary masses. In particular, we find that the leading logarithmic structure in the high energy regime, which corresponds to the point of maximal unipotent monodromy, is determined by a novel$$ \hat{\Gamma}\hbox{-} \mathrm{class} $$Γ̂‐classevaluation in the ambient spaces of the mirror, while the imaginary part of the integral in this regime is determined by the$$ \hat{\Gamma}\hbox{-} \mathrm{class} $$Γ̂‐classof the mirror Calabi-Yau manifold itself. We provide simple closed all loop formulas for the former as well as for the Frobeniusκ-constants, which determine the behaviour of the integrals when the momentum square equals the sum of the masses squared, in terms of zeta values. We extend our previous work from three to four loops by providing for the latter case a complete set of (inhomogeneous) Picard-Fuchs differential equations for arbitrary masses. This allows to evaluate the banana integral in very short time to very high numerical precision for all values of the physical parameters. Using modular properties of the periods we determine the value of the maximal cut equal mass four-loop integral at the attractor points in terms of periods of modular weight two and four Hecke eigenforms and the quasiperiods of their meromorphic cousins.
Zilch vortical effect for fermions
Authors: Alexandrov Artem , Mitkin Pavel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We consider the notion of zilch current that was recently discussed in the literature as an alternative helicity measure for photons. Developing this idea, we suggest the generalization of the zilch for the systems of fermions. We start with the definition of the photonic zilch current in chiral kinetic theory framework and work out field-theoretical definition of the fermionic zilch using the Wigner function formalism. This object has similar properties to the photonic zilch and is conserved in the non-interacting theory. We also show that, in full analogy with a case of photons, the fermionic zilch acquires a non-trivial contribution due to the medium rotation - zilch vortical effect (ZVE) for fermions. Combined with a previously studied ZVE for photons, these results form a wider set of chiral effects parameterized by the spin of the particles and the spin of the current. We briefly discuss the origin of the ZVE, its possible relation to the anomalies in the underlying microscopic theory and possible application for studying the spin polarization in chiral media.
Anomaly inflow and holography
Authors: Hong Sungwoo , Rigo Gabriele 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We systematically study the perturbative anomaly inflow by the bulk Chern-Simons (CS) theory in a slice of five-dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime (AdS5). The introduction of UV and IR 3-branes makes the anomaly story remarkably rich and many interesting aspects can be obtained, including weakly gauging and spontaneous symmetry breaking of the global symmetries of the dual 4D CFT. Our main contribution is to provide a unified and comprehensive discussion of the subject, together with a detailed description of the dual CFT picture for each case. To this end, we employ a gauge-fixed effective action suitable for a holographic study, which allows us to incorporate general UV and IR boundary conditions (BCs). As part of the process, we reproduce many known results in the literature, such as ’t Hooft anomaly matching for unbroken symmetry (Neumann IR-BC) and (gauged) Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) action for broken symmetry (IR-BC breaks the bulk group G → H). In addition, we show that anomaly matching occurs for ABJ anomalies as well as ’t Hooft anomalies, which suggests anomalies inflowed from the bulk CS theory are necessarily free of mixed anomalies with the confining gauge force of the 4D dual CFT. In the case of broken symmetry, we prove that the “would-be” Goldstone bosons associated with the weakly gauged symmetry are completely removed by a proper field redefinition, provided the anomaly from the bulk is exactly cancelled by the boundary contribution, hence confirming the standard expectation. Moreover, we present a holographic formulation of Witten’s argument for the quantization condition for the WZW action, and argue in favor of an alternative way to obtain the same condition using a “deformed” theory (different BCs). We work out several examples, including a product group with mixed anomaly, and identify the corresponding dual CFT picture. We consider a fully general case typically arising in the context of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking.
From symmetric product CFTs to AdS3
Authors: Gaberdiel Matthias R. , Gopakumar Rajesh , Knighton Bob , Maity Pronobesh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Correlators in symmetric orbifold CFTs are given by a finite sum of admissible branched covers of the 2d spacetime. We consider a Gross-Mende like limit where all operators have large twist, and show that the corresponding branched covers can be described via a Penner-like matrix model. The limiting branched covers are given in terms of the spectral curve for this matrix model, which remarkably turns out to be directly related to the Strebel quadratic differential on the covering space. Interpreting the covering space as the world-sheet of the dual string theory, the spacetime CFT correlator thus has the form of an integral over the entire world-sheet moduli space weighted with a Nambu-Goto-like action. Quite strikingly, at leading order this action can also be written as the absolute value of the Schwarzian of the covering map.Given the equivalence of the symmetric product CFT to tensionless string theory on AdS3, this provides an explicit realisation of the underlying mechanism of gauge-string duality originally proposed in [1] and further refined in [2].
The 300 “correlators” suggests 4D, $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1 SUSY is a solution to a set of Sudoku puzzles
Authors: Cianciara Aleksander J. , James Gates S. , Hu Yangrui , Kirk Renée 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A conjecture is made that the weight space for 4D, $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
-extended supersymmetrical representations is embedded within the permutahedra associated with permutation groups 𝕊d. Adinkras and Coxeter Groups associated with minimal representations of 4D, $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 supersymmetry provide evidence supporting this conjecture. It is shown that the appearance of the mathematics of 4D, $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 minimal off-shell supersymmetry representations is equivalent to solving a four color problem on the truncated octahedron. This observation suggest an entirely new way to approach the off-shell SUSY auxiliary field problem based on IT algorithms probing the properties of 𝕊d.
Analytic critical points of charged Rényi entropies from hyperbolic black holes
Authors: Ren Jie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We analytically study phase transitions of holographic charged Rényi entropies in two gravitational systems dual to the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super-Yang-Mills theory at finite density and zero temperature. The first system is the Reissner-Nordström-AdS5 black hole, which has finite entropy at zero temperature. The second system is a charged dilatonic black hole in AdS5, which has zero entropy at zero temperature. Hyperbolic black holes are employed to calculate the Rényi entropies with the entangling surface being a sphere. We perturb each system by a charged scalar field, and look for a zero mode signaling the instability of the extremal hyperbolic black hole. Zero modes as well as the leading order of the full retarded Green’s function are analytically solved for both systems, in contrast to previous studies in which only the IR (near horizon) instability was analytically treated.
Versorgung von rheumatologischen Patienten während des Lockdowns im Frühjahr 2020
Authors: Thiele Thea , Beider Sonja , Kühl Henrik , Mielke Gudrun , Holz Anna , Hirsch Stefanie , Witte Torsten , Hoeper Kirsten , Cossmann Anne , Happle Christine , Jablonka Alexandra , Ernst Diana 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
In der ambulanten Versorgung wurde Telemedizin im Lockdown von März bis Mai 2020 eingesetzt. Ziel der Studie war es, Patienten aus einer Praxis und der Hochschulambulanz bezüglich Patientenzufriedenheit mit Telemedizin, COVID-19-Sorgen und Impfverhalten auszuwerten sowie die Gesprächsführung durch eine rheumatologische Fachassistenz (RFA) mit einem Arzt zu vergleichen.

Methoden
Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis, Psoriasisarthritis oder Spondyloarthritis ohne Therapieänderung seit der letzten Vorstellung wurde ein telemedizinischer Ersatztermin im Rahmen dieser Studie bei Terminabsage durch die versorgenden Zentren angeboten. Randomisiert wurden sie von einem Arzt oder einer RFA (RFA nur Universität) telemedizinisch versorgt. Die Anamnese erfolgte telefonisch standardisiert mittels Fragebogen. Die Krankheitsaktivität wurde mittels modifizierten Clinical Disease Activity Score (CDAI) und BASDAI festgestellt. Im Anschluss erhielten die Patienten einen pseudonymisierten Evaluationsbogen.

Ergebnisse
Von 112/116 (96 %) eingeschlossenen Patienten schickten 88/112 (79 %) den Fragebogen zurück. RFAs führten 19/112 (17 %) Telefonate. Die Therapie wurde in 19/112 (17 %) geändert. Die meisten Sorgen bezüglich COVID-19 hatten Patienten mit der höchsten Krankheitsaktivität (p = 0,031), den meisten schmerzhaften Gelenken (p = 0,001) sowie den meisten Schmerzen (VAS Score ≥7) (p = 0,009). Diese Patienten hätten auch selbst ihren Termin abgesagt (p = 0,015). Die Patientenzufriedenheit mit der Gesprächsführung war gut (Mittelwert 4,3/5,0 modifizierter FAPI), unabhängig von der Institution, der Gesprächsdauer oder dem Gesprächspartner. Patienten mit hoher Schmerzintensität waren am unzufriedensten (p = 0,036); 42/100 (38,2 %) Patienten waren gegen Pneumokokken und 59/100 (53,6 %) gegen Influenza geimpft.

Zusammenfassung
Für ausgewählte Patienten ist die telemedizinische Versorgung im Rahmen eines Telefongespräches gut geeignet. Hinsichtlich der Patientenzufriedenheit ist die Delegation einer telefonischen Visite an eine RFA möglich. Bezüglich des Impfverhaltens besteht Verbesserungsbedarf.
Flexor tenodesis procedure in the treatment of lesser toe deformities
Authors: de Cesar Netto Cesar , Schmidt Eli L , Lalevee Matthieu , Mansur Nacime Salomao Barbachan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this technical report study, we describe the use of a flexor tenodesis procedure in the treatment of lesser toe deformities (LTD). Using a specific implant, both the flexor digitorum longus and brevis tendons are attached to the plantar aspect of the proximal phalanx, allowing dynamic correction of flexible deformities of metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints. Good clinical results and absence of complications were observed in a series of 3 patients, with considerable correction of the LTD, and absence of substantial residual floating toe or metatarsophalangeal joint stiffness.

Level of evidence
V – Technical Report/Case Report/Expert Opinion.
Cell wall characteristics during sexual reproduction of Mougeotia sp. (Zygnematophyceae) revealed by electron microscopy, glycan microarrays and RAMAN spectroscopy
Authors: Permann Charlotte , Herburger Klaus , Niedermeier Martin , Felhofer Martin , Gierlinger Notburga , Holzinger Andreas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMougeotia spp. collected from field samples were investigated for their conjugation morphology by light-, fluorescence-, scanning- and transmission electron microscopy. During a scalarifom conjugation, the extragametangial zygospores were initially surrounded by a thin cell wall that developed into a multi-layered zygospore wall. Maturing zygospores turned dark brown and were filled with storage compounds such as lipids and starch. While M. parvula had a smooth surface, M. disjuncta had a punctated surface structure and a prominent suture. The zygospore wall consisted of a polysaccharide rich endospore, followed by a thin layer with a lipid-like appaerance, a massive electron dense mesospore and a very thin exospore composed of polysaccharides. Glycan microarray analysis of zygospores of different developmental stages revealed the occurrence of pectins and hemicelluloses, mostly composed of homogalacturonan (HG), xyloglucans, xylans, arabino-galactan proteins and extensins. In situ localization by the probe OG7-13AF 488 labelled HG in young zygospore walls, vegetative filaments and most prominently in conjugation tubes and cross walls. Raman imaging showed the distribution of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and aromatic components of the mature zygospore with a spatial resolution of ~ 250 nm. The carbohydrate nature of the endo- and exospore was confirmed and in-between an enrichment of lipids and aromatic components, probably algaenan or a sporopollenin-like material. Taken together, these results indicate that during zygospore formation, reorganizations of the cell walls occured, leading to a resistant and protective structure.
Application of Dried Blood Spots and Serum Samples for the Determination of Vitamin D Metabolites in the Group of Healthy Women and with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Authors: Rola R. , Trusewicz E. , Bieńkowski T. , Studzińska S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The relationship between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and vitamin D concentration was already presented in many studies. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in the concentration of vitamin D metabolites between healthy women and women with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT).

Methods
The quantitative analysis of five vitamin D metabolites was carried out using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The analyzed materials were serum and dried blood spots (DBS). The results obtained for the two materials were also compared.

Results
No statistically significant differences were found in the mean concentration of the 25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 24,25(OH)2D3, 1,25(OH)2D3 metabolites between the test and the control groups. However, a strong correlation was found between the 25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 metabolites.

Conclusion
The study showed that healthy women and women with Hashimoto's disease had similar concentration of vitamin D metabolites. Research also proved that DBS is a good alternative to serum. The differences in 25(OH)D concentration were not statistically significant (17.0 and 15.5 ng mL−1 for serum and DBS, respectively). DBS can be successfully used in research on a large group of people, since the process of material collection, as well as sample preparation, is fast and simple. It is also easy to transport and store, and requires small volume of blood.
Structure-preserving interpolation of bilinear control systems
Authors: Benner Peter , Gugercin Serkan , Werner Steffen W. R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we extendthe structure-preserving interpolatory model reduction framework, originally developed for linear systems, to structured bilinear control systems. Specifically, we give explicit construction formulae for the model reduction bases to satisfy different types of interpolation conditions. First, we establish the analysis for transfer function interpolation for single-input single-output structured bilinear systems. Then, we extend these results to the case of multi-input multi-output structured bilinear systems by matrix interpolation. The effectiveness of our structure-preserving approach is illustrated by means of various numerical examples.