bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-term Aerobic Exercise did Not Change Telomere Length while it Reduces Testosterone Levels and Obesity Indexes in PCOS: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Study.
Authors: Ribeiro Victor Barbosa , Pedroso Daiana Cristina Chielli , Kogure Gislaine Satyko , Lopes Iris Palma , Melo Anderson Sanches , Santana Barbara Aparecida , de Souza Hugo Celso Dutra , Ferriani Rui Alberto , Calado Rodrigo Tocantins , Furtado Cristiana Libardi Miranda , Reis Rosana Maria dos 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Physical activity is an effective non-pharmacological treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and the reproductive outcomes which may have implications on telomere biology. Objective: To observe the effects of continuous (CAT) and intermittent (IAT) aerobic training on telomere length, inflammatory biomarkers, and its correlation with metabolic, hormonal, and anthropometric parameters of PCOS.Design and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial study included 87 PCOS women randomly stratified according to body mass index (BMI) in the continuous (CAT, n = 28) and intermittent aerobic training (IAT, n = 29) and non-training control group (CG, n = 30). The exercises were carried out on a treadmill, three times per week for 16 weeks. The participants’ anthropometric characteristics and biochemical and hormonal concentrations were measured before and after aerobic training or observation period, as the telomere length that was evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR. Results: Four months of aerobic exercises (CAT or IAT) did not alter telomere length and inflammatory biomarkers in PCOS women. Obesity index as BMI and waist circumference (WC), and inflammatory biomarkers negatively affect telomeres. The hyperandrogenism measured by testosterone levels was reduced after both exercises (CAT, p≤0.001; IAT, p=0.019). In particular, the CAT reduced WC (p=0.045), hip circumference (p= .032), serum cholesterol (p≤0.001), low-density lipoprotein (p=0.030). Whereas, the IAT decreased WC (p=0.014), waist-to-hip ratio (p=0.012), free androgen index (FAI) (p=0.037). WC (p=0.049) and body fat (p=0.015) increased in the non-training group while total cholesterol was reduced (p=0.010). Conclusions: Booth exercises reduced obesity indices and hyperandrogenism on PCOS women without changes in telomere length or inflammatory biomarkers. Clinical trial registration: Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (ReBec; RBR-78qtwy, August 20, 2015), and the International Controlled Randomized Trial Registry (ISRCTN10416750, July 24, 2018), retrospectively registered.
Development and Analysis of a New Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Management System
Authors: Sun Ya-Song , Bai Rui-Huai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
With the development of modern technology and economy, environmental protection and sustainable development have become the focus of global attention. In this paper, the promotion and development of electric vehicles have bright prospects, and they are also facing many challenges. Under different operating conditions, various safety problems of electric vehicles are emerging one after another, especially the potential safety hazards caused by battery overheating are threatening the development process of electric vehicles. In this paper, a new type of indirect liquid cooling system is designed and optimized for cylindrical lithium-ion batteries, and a variety of design schemes for different cooling channel structures and cooling liquid inlet direction are proposed, and the corresponding solid-fluid coupling model is established. COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software models, simulates and analyses cooling systems. In order to optimize the system and improve the optimization efficiency, the Kriging method is used to construct an approximation model of the thermal management system, and the influencing factors sensitivity analysis and optimization design of the thermal management system are also conducted. The results show that there has a significant influence on the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery system. According to the optimization design of these factors based on the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II), it is found that the optimized thermal management system has the best ability to dissipate heat and maintain temperature uniformity as compared to the original design. In addition, this optimization system has the ability to prevent thermal runaway propagation under the condition of thermal abuse conditions. With these prominent performances, the proposed method is expected to provide insights into the engineering design and optimization of the battery thermal management system for electric vehicle.
Relationship Between Quality of Life and Fear of COVID-19 in Patients With Myocardial Infarction (Case Study: Shahid Madani Cardiac Hospital, Tabriz, Iran)
Authors: Golabi Fatemeh , Aghdam Mohammad Bagher Alizadeh , Mazraehshadi Mir Mojtaba Hosseini , Akbarian Hamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Quality of life is one of the most important concepts in the fields of health and development, and the study of its related factors can play an effective role in strengthening the quality of life. COVID-19 is one of the emerging crises in the world, and fear of it can affect the quality of life of people.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between quality of life and fear of COVID-19 in patients with myocardial infarction.Methods: In this study, we administered WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire) and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) to 200 patients with myocardial infarction admitted to the hospital from February to April 2021. Then, we calculated the correlation between the quality of life and fear of COVID-19.Results: The results of this study showed a moderate to high score in all domains of QoL and overall QoL among patients. The mean score of fear of COVID-19 was lower than average level. The research revealed that there was a negative correlation between fear of COVID-19 and physical health, environmental health, and overall quality of life (p < 0.05), but there was not a significant relationship between fear of coronavirus and psychological health and social relationships (p > 0.05). Furthermore, there were significant correlations between quality of life and sociodemographic variables including gender, age, marital status, and level of education. So that, female, widow(er), uneducated, and older patients had a lower quality of life.Conclusions: Since the quality of life is one of the main indicators of health, managers must take strategies to improve the quality of life of people, especially patients. One of the measures that they can take is to reduce the fear of COVID-19 among patients by taking wise strategies.
Modelling and Mapping Above Ground Biomass Using Sentinel 2 and Planet Scope Remotely Sensed Data in West Usambara Tropical Rainforests, Tanzania
Authors: Mauya Ernest William , Madundo Sami 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Forest biomass estimation using field -based inventories at a large scale is challenging and generally entails large uncertainty in tropical regions. With their wall-to-wall coverage ability, optical remote sensing signals had gained a wide acceptance for larger scale estimation of AGB at different spatial scales, ranging from local to global. However, their applicability in tropical forests is still limited. In this study, we investigated the performance of Sentinel 2 and Planet Scope remotely sensed data for AGB modelling, predicting and mapping in the tropical rainforest of Tanzania. A total of 296 field inventory plots were measured across the west Usambara mountain forests. AGB values were computed for each of the field plot in Mg/ha, and related with remotely sensed predictor variables using parametric and non- parametric statistical methods. Band values, vegetation indices and texture based variables were derived from each of the remotely sensed data. The AGB models were developed and validated using k-fold cross validation and their relative root mean square error (cvRMSEr%) were used to judge their accuracies. Relative efficiency (RE) of each dataset as compared to pure field inventory was also computed. The results showed that, Sentinel 2 based model fitted using generalized linear models (RMSEr = 67.00 % and pseudo-R2= 20%) had better performance as compared to Planet Scope based models (cvRMSEr = 72.1 % and pseudo-R2= 5.2%). Overall GLMs resulted into a models with less prediction error as compared to random forest when using Sentinel 2 data. However, for the Planet Scope, there was marginal improvement of using random forest (cvRMSEr = 72.0%) as compared to GLMs. Models, that in cooperated texture variables resulted into better prediction accuracy as compared to those with band values and indices only. The R.E values for Sentinel2 and Planet Scope were 1.2 and 1.1 respectively. Our study had demonstrated that Sentinel 2 and Planet Scope remotely sensed data can be used to develop cost-effective method for AGB estimation within the context of tropical rainforests of Tanzania. Further studies are however encouraged to look more on the best way of optimizing the efficiency of the two data sources in AGB estimations.
The True Costs of Cesarean Sections for Patients in Rural Rwanda: Accounting for Post-Discharge Expenses in Estimated Health Expenditures
Authors: Niyigena Anne , Alayande Barnabas , Bikorimana Laban , Miranda Elizabeth , Rudolfson Niclas , Ndagijimana Deogratias , Kateera Fredrick , Riviello Robert , Hedt-Gauthier Bethany 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction: While it is recognized that there are costs associated with postoperative patient follow-up, risk assessments of catastrophic health expenditures (CHEs) due to surgery in sub-Saharan Africa rarely include expenses after discharge. We describe patient-level costs for cesarean section (c-section) and follow-up care up to postoperative day (POD) 30 and evaluate the contribution of follow-up to CHEs in rural Rwanda.Methods: We interviewed women who delivered via c-section at Kirehe District Hospital between September 2019 and February 2020. Expenditure details were captured on an adapted surgical indicator financial survey tool and extracted from the hospital billing system. CHE was defined as health expenditure of ≥ 10% of annual household expenditure. We report the cost of c-section up to 30 days after discharge, the rate of CHE among c-section patients stratified by in-hospital costs and post-discharge follow-up costs, and the main contributors to c-section follow-up costs. Results: Of the 479 participants in this study, 90% were classified as impoverished before surgery and an additional 6.4% were impoverished by the c-section. The median out-of-pocket costs up to POD30 was US$122.16 (IQR: $102.94, $148.11); 63% of these expenditures were attributed to post-discharge expenses or lost opportunity costs (US$77.50; IQR: $67.70, $95.60). To afford c-section care, 64.4% borrowed money and 18.4% sold possessions. The CHE rate was 27% when only considering direct and indirect costs up to the time of discharge and 77% when including the reported expenses up to POD30. Transportation and lost household wages were the largest contributors to post-discharge costs. Conclusion: Costs associated with surgical follow-up are often neglected in financial risk calculations but contribute significantly to the risk of CHE in rural Rwanda. Insurance coverage for direct medical costs is insufficient to protect against CHE. Innovative follow-up solutions to reduce costs of patient transport and compensate for household lost wages need to be considered.
The Prognosis and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Metaplastic Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.
Authors: Yang Xiaolu , Zhou Tao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Due to the rarity of metaplastic breast cancer (MBC), the prognosis and clinicopathologic-al characteristics of MBC patients are still inconclusive. Large-sample retrospective analysis is still lacking at present.This study aims to conduct a meta-analysis of relevant literature on MBC at home and abroad to obtain the prognostic and clinicopathological characteristics of MBC.Methods: Cohort studies or case-control studies comparing MBC and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) were searched through the internet, and the quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). A total of 9 studies with NOS scores of > 6 were included. Meta-analysis was performed using the Review Manager 5.3 provided by the Cochrane Collaboration Network. The hazard ratio (HR) evaluate the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), and the odds ratio (OR) was used to evaluate clinicopathological characteristics, including age, tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis status, distant metastasis status, TNM staging, and histological grade. According to the heterogeneity of the included studies, random effects model or fixed effects model was used.Results: Compared with TNBC patients, the HR value for 5-year DFS and 5-year OS of MBC patients was 1.64 (95%CI: 1.36-1.98) and 1.52 (95%CI: 1.27-1.81), respectively. The total OR value for age> 50 years old, tumor diameter ≤ 2cm, lymph node positive, distant metastasis, TNM stage III and above, and histological grade 3 was 1.63 (95%CI: 1.45-1.84), 0.29 (95% CI: 0.14-0.58), 0.68 (95%CI: 0.53-0.88), 1.59 (95%CI: 0.89-2.81), 1.49 (95 %CI: 0.80-2.77), and 2.25 (95%CI: 0.85-5.97), respectively.Conclusion: MBC patients are less likely to have lymph node metastasis and had worse DFS and OS than TNBC patients, which may be related to the pathological characteristics of MBC patients being related to sarcoma. But this also requires verification and further research with large sample sizes. In addition, there were no statistical differences in distant metastasis, TNM staging, and histological grade between MBC and TNBC patients.
Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma: Progress Toward Improvement in Survival? A Population-Based Study
Authors: Fujiwara Tomohiro , Nakata Eiji , Kunisada Toshiyuki , Ozaki Toshifumi , Kawai Akira 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare histological subtype of soft-tissue sarcoma, which remains refractory to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy. We aimed to characterize ASPS and investigate whether the oncological outcome has improved over the past decade.Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with newly diagnosed ASPS from 2006 to 2017 were identified from the Bone and Soft-Tissue Tumor Registry in Japan. The Kaplan–Meier estimate and Cox proportional hazard model were used to investigate the survival outcomes and factors affecting prognosis.Results: The study cohort comprised 34 (28%) patients with localized ASPS and 86 (72%) with metastatic disease at presentation. The 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) was 68% for all patients and 86% and 62% for localized and metastatic disease, respectively (p = 0.019). Metastasis at presentation was the only adverse prognostic factor for DSS (hazard ratio [HR]: 7.65; p = 0.048). Patients who were >25 years (80%; p = 0.023), had deep-seated tumors (75%; p = 0.002), and tumors >5 cm (5–10 cm, 81%; >10 cm, 81%; p < 0.001) were more likely to have metastases at presentation. In patients with localized ASPS, adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy did not affect survival, and 13 patients (45%) developed distant metastases in the lung (n = 12, 92%) and brain (n = 2, 15%). In patients with metastatic ASPS (lung, n = 85 [99%]; bone, n = 12 [14%]; and brain n = 9 [11%]), surgery for the primary or metastatic site did not affect survival. The use of pazopanib significantly prolonged survival in patients who received systemic treatment (p = 0.045), whereas doxorubicin-based cytotoxic chemotherapy did not. Overall, a trend toward improved DSS for metastatic ASPS has been observed since 2012 (5-year, 58%–65%; p = 0.117), when pazopanib was approved for use in advanced disease.Conclusion: The national study confirmed a unique feature of ASPS with frequent metastasis to the lung and brain but an indolent clinical course. An overall trend toward prolonged survival after the introduction of targeted drugs encourages continuous efforts to develop novel therapeutic options for this therapeutically resistant soft-tissue sarcoma.
EPC-EXs Improve Neuronal Survival and Oxidative Stress Through Different Uptaking Pathways in Diabetic Hypoxia Condition
Authors: Halurkar Manasi Suchit , Wang Jinju , Chen Shuzhen , Bihl Ji 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Hyperglycemia contributes to cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. We confirmed that high glucose (HG) induces endothelial dysfunction and cerebral ischemic injury is enlarged in diabetic mice. Stem cell-released exosomes have been shown to protect the brain from ischemic stroke. We have previously shown that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)-released exosomes (EPC-EXs) can protect endothelial cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) and HG-induced injury. Here, we aim to investigate the effects of EPC-EXs on astrocytes under H/R and HG-induced injury and whether miR-126 enriched EPC-EXs (EPC-EXsmiR126) have enhanced efficacy. Methods: EPC-EX uptake and co-localization were measured by fluorescent microscopy using PKH26 and DAPI staining. miR-126 enrichment was achieved by transfecting with miR-126 mimics and quantified with real-time PCR. After co-incubation, cell death or apoptosis was measured by using flow cytometric analysis and LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) assay. Oxidative stress/ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation was measured by DHE (Dihydroethidium) staining and lipid peroxidation assay. Results: The EPC-EXs were effectively taken up by the astrocytes in a concentration as well as time-dependent manners and were co-localized within the nucleus as well as the cytoplasm. Pathway uptake inhibitors revealed that the EPC-EXs are effectively taken up by the clathrin-mediated, caveolin-dependent, and micropinocytosis via PI3K/Akt pathway. H/R and HG-induced a cell injury which could be protected by EPC-EXs evidenced by decreased cell apoptosis, cell cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, miR-126 overexpression could enhance the protective effects of EPC-EXs. Conclusions: These results collectively indicate that the EPC-EXs could protect astrocytes against the HG plus H/R-induced damage.
Construction of Novel mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA Regulatory Networks Associated with Prognosis of HCV Related HCC
Authors: Ma YiQun , SHAO LISHI , SHI CHEN , WANG JIAPING 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) can cause hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis, thereby significantly increasing the risk of HCC development. Many prior studies have shown that oncogenesis and cancer progression are governed by competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks composed of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and mRNAs. As such, we herein sought to identify and evaluate the prognostic relevance of novel ceRNA network related to HCC associated with HCV. Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the GSE140845 Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset were identified using NetworkAnalyst, and were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene, Genome (KEGG) pathway, and Reactome analyses. In addition, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was generated, and key hub genes were detected. Hub gene expression levels, as well as those of their upstream lncRNAs and miRNAs and associated survival analyses were conducted using appropriate bioinformatics databases. Predicted target relationships were additionally used to establish putative ceRNA networks for HCV-related HCC. Results: 372 and 360 upregulated and downregulated significant DEGs were identified, respectively. Functional enrichment analyses suggested that DE-mRNAs were associated with nuclear division, the cell cycle, and ATPase activity. The top 11 genes with the greatest degree of connectivity among these DE-mRNAs were selected for subsequent prognostic evaluation. The differential expression of six of these candidate mRNAs (BUB1, BUB1B, CDC20, CDC45, CDK1, NDC80) in liver tissue was validated. After further analyses of the expression and prognostic relevance of the miRNAs and lncRNAs predicted to lie upstream of these DE-mRNAs, we identified 22 miRNAs and 4 lncRNAs significantly associated with poorer-HCV-related HCC prognosis. By combining the results of these analyses, we also identified the BUB1-hsa-miR-193a-3p-MALAT1 ceRNA sub-network as being related to the survival of these patients. Conclusion: This study providing novel insights into the mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA ceRNA network and reveals potential lncRNA biomarkers in HCV related HCC.
Eight-year Operation Status and Data Analysis of the First Human Milk Bank in East China
Authors: Hu Xiaoshan , Chu Xue , Zhang Jun , Liu Feng , Chen Xiaohui , Yu Zhangbin , Han Shuping 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesTo analyze the operation status and data over the last 8 years of operation of the first human milk bank (HMB) in East China.MethodsData related to the costs, donors, donation, pasteurization, and recipients were extracted from the web-based electronic monitoring system of the HMB for the period August 1, 2013 to July 31, 2021. ResultsOver the 8 years of operation, 1,555 qualified donors donated 7,396.5 L of qualified milk at a cost of ¥1.94 million, with the average cost per liter of donor human milk being ¥262.3. The donors were between 25 and 30 years of age, and the majority (80.1%) were primipara. All the donated milk was pasteurized and subjected to bacteriological tests before and after pasteurization: 95.4% passed the pre-pasteurization tests, and 96.3% passed the post-pasteurization tests. A total of 9,207 newborns received 5,775.2 L of pasteurized donor milk. The main reason for the prescription of donor human milk was preterm birth. As a result of continuous quality improvements, January 2016 witnessed a significant increase in the volume of qualified DHM and the number of qualified donors. However, in 2020, as a result of the restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, the volume of qualified DHM and the number of qualified donors decreased. Conclusions﻿Over its 8 years of operation, our HMB has made steady quality improvements in its screening and information processes. Continuous quality improvement is on ongoing need, along with recruiting more qualified donors and collecting donor human milk for vulnerable newborns.