bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Implication of Autoantibodies in Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy in the Treatment of Feline Mammary Carcinoma
Authors: El-Rasikh Asmaa M. , Farghali Haithem A. M. , AbdelRahman Hisham A. , Elgaffary Mostafa , Abdelmalek Shaymaa , Emam Ibrahim A. , Ghoneim Magdy A. , Selim Salah A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLast year’s plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPTT) achieved great success in the treatment of feline mammary carcinoma and there is a demand for developing an easy, cheap, rapid, sensitive, and specific tool for early diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response.MethodsA panel of four autoantibodies (P53, PCNA, MUC-1, and C-MYC) was evaluated in serum of 11 normal cats and 34 cats diagnosed with mammary tumors before, during, and after the treatment using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) assay. Out of the 34 cats, 15 did not receive any treatment, ten cats were treated with PPTT, three cats were treated by mastectomy, and six cats were treated with a combination of PPTT and surgery. ResultsThe panel showed high specificity and sensitivity to mammary tumors. The panel also was efficient in the evaluation of PPTT treatment response as their values decreased significantly after three months from the end of treatment. During the PPTT treatment course, the panel values increased within a month before the appearance of secondary tumors and/or metastasis but this increase was not statistically significant. As a result of the short follow-up period in this study, the studied panel was not valid in early diagnosis of primary and/or recurrent tumors nor the evaluation of treatment response of surgery alone or combination therapy. Cats treated with PPTT monotherapy showed the highest survival rate followed by cats treated with combination therapy then cats treated with mastectomy.ConclusionThe studied autoantibodies panel can be used to evaluate PPTT treatment response after three months of the end of treatment and may be efficient in early diagnosis of primary tumors, secondary tumors, recurrence, or metastasis.Trial registrationAll animals were handled in accordance with the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care and Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare guidelines. All animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (CU-IACUC) Cairo University (code: CU II F 9 16). The animal experiments were carried out after the owner's permission. Written informed consent was provided by each cat owner for the treatments.
Comparison of Polishing Methods Used in Extrinsic Discolouration of Primary Teeth in Terms of Surface Roughiness&nbsp;
Authors: Duman Burcu , Doğan Salih 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSurface roughness is one of the main factors affecting bacterial adhesion, biofilm growth, plaque formation and coloration on the tooth surface. Improper polishing may increase roughness or not contribute to a reduction in roughness while removing biofilms on tooth surfaces. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of different polishing pastes applied to the enamel of primary teeth on the surface roughness through AFM, which enables a more detailed examination of the measurements, and to evaluate the roughness changes created by the paste on the surface. MethodsIn the present study, in order to compare polishing made using Septodent Détartrine, Kerr Cleanic, Shofu Mersaage Regular under the recommendations of the companies in addition to the application of pumice with a rubber brush, a total of 88 samples with 22 samples in each group were created using 88 primary molar teeth. Before and after polishing, roughness measurements and visualizations were performed with atomic force microscopy (AFM). After polishing, Ra (average roughness) values, which express the surface roughness of the re-scanned samples, were calculated so that the samples were the same as the first scanning. For statistical analysis, Shapiro-Wilk normality test and generalized linear models tests were applied and p <0.05 was considered as statistically significantResultsIn the groups; while there was no significant difference in terms of roughness values ​​(Ra) within the group (p> 0.05), a statistically significant reduction in roughness (Ra) was observed on the sample surfaces after polishing in all groups compared to the baseline (p <0.05). According to the data obtained; all polishing methods used in the treatment of primary tooth discoloration can reduce the plaque formation and thus the amount of recoloring by reducing the surface roughness at a similar level.ConclusionAccordingly, it has been observed that the current polishing pastes do not provide a significant advantage over the traditional polishing method (polishing brush with pumice) in terms of surface roughness in removing discoloration in primary teeth.
Exergetic Evaluation of Steel Coaxial Heat Exchangers
Authors: Blanke Tobias , Hagenkamp Markus , Döring Bernd , Göttsche Joachim , Reger Vitali , Kuhnhenne Markus 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: A proven option to found buildings are geothermally activated steel pipes. Statics determine their dimensions. Energy improvement research focuses on the radius of inner pipe of such coaxial geothermal probes. Mass flow rate is often constant when optimizing inner pipe dimensions. In contrast, in this study flow conditions in outer pipe are constant (constant Reynolds number) to ensure that they not change during optimization. Aim is to maximize net exergy difference for the desired flow type by changing inner pipe radius (after deduction of hydraulic effort). System technology can be selected based on this optimal design and its associated boundary conditions for mass flow and temperatures.Methods: Thermal calculations based on Hellström are carried out to quantify an influence of changing inner pipe radius on thermal yield. A hydraulic optimization of inner pipe radius is performed. Increasing inner pipe radius results in decreasing hydraulic losses in inner pipe but increases hydraulic losses in outer circular ring. Net exergy difference is a key performance indicator to combine thermal and hydraulic effects. Optimization of net exergy difference is carried out for selected scenarios. All calculations are based on various, but fixed Reynolds numbers in the circular ring (Re = [4e3; 1e4; 1e5]), instead of fixed mass flow rates. This ensures fixed flow conditions and no unnecessary high mass flow rate.Results: Optimal inner radius is approximately as large as outer radius considering thermal results. Reynolds numbers are always bigger in inner pipe, due to the constant Reynolds number in circular ring. Both indicate that from a thermal point of view, a high mass flow rate and a high degree of turbulence are particularly important. Hydraulic optimal inner pipe radius is 54% of outer pipe radius for laminar flow scenarios and 60% for turbulent flow scenarios. Exergetic optimization shows a predominant influence of hydraulic losses, especially for small temperature gains.Conclusions: Design of coaxial geothermal probes should focus on the hydraulic optimum and take energetic optimum as a secondary criterion to maximize net exergy difference.
A novel ferroptosis-related 12-gene signature predicts clinical prognosis and reveals immune relevancy in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Hong Yingkai , Lin Mingen , Ou Dehua , Huang Zhuangkai , Shen Peilin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is still highly aggressive and lethal even with various therapeutic approaches. As kidney is an iron-metabolism-related organ, exploring and assessing the clinical value of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated cell death, is practical and significant.

Methods

Prognostic ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from KIRC cohort in TCGA database, from which a prognostic signature was established using the Lasso-penalized Cox regression analysis. Each patient in the KIRC cohort and the E-MTAB-1980 cohort (from the ArrayExpress database) was assigned with a calculated signature-correlated risk score and categorized to be either in high- or low-risk group divided by the median risk score in the KIRC cohort. Then, the independent prognostic value of the signature was further assessed by Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Cox regression analyses base on overall survival (OS) in both cohorts. Lastly, risk-related DEGs were identified in both cohorts and applied with the enrichment analyses for Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and immune infiltration.

Results

Within 60 ferroptosis-related genes, 32 prognostic DEGs were identified, from which we constructed a prognostic 12-gene signature including CARS1, HMGCR, CHAC1, GOT1, CD44, STEAP3, AKR1C1, CBS, DPP4, FANCD2, SLC1A5 and NCOA4. Patients in both cohorts were divided into high- and low-risk group which were visually distributed in two sets and with positive-risk-related mortality. The K-M survival and the ROC curves validated the signature as prognostic valuable with P <0.05 and area under the curve >0.7 in both cohorts, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression further confirmed the risk score as an independent prognostic predictor for OS. Commonly enriched term in GO and KEGG not only shown a highly iron correlation, but also, interesting, an immunity relevancy of 3 immune cells (macrophages, mast cells and regulatory T cell) and 1 immune-related function (antigen processing cell co-stimulation).

Conclusion

We established a novel 12 ferroptosis-related-gene signature which was proved as an independent prognostic predictor for OS and inferred as relating to tumor immunity in ccRCC, however, the underlying mechanism is still poorly characterized and needed further exploration.
Expression of Coiled-Coil Domain Containing Family mRNA and prognostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Sina , Jin Chen , Yang Yan , Li Haoqi , Ma Jun , Chen Gang , Wang Yi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The CCDC family plays a significant role in the development and progression of malignant tumors. However, the relationship between CCDC family members and HCC progression is incompletely known. This study used bioinformatics analysis to investigate the expression as well as clinical prognostic value of CCDC family members in HCC and to predict the role of CCDCs family in the development and progression of HCC. Methods: This study utilized the data from two platforms databases to explore the diagnostic value and prognostic significance of CCDC family members by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test, ROC and nomogram diagnostic and prognostic analysis methods. GSEA and tumor microenvironment analysis were employed to investigate the underlying mechanisms and cell-cell interactions of CCDCs family in the development and progression of HCC. The relationship between mutational signatures and CCDCs family were evaluated in HCC patients with somatic mutation. Results: Five CCDC family members (CCDC34, CCDC137, CCDC77, CCDC93 and CCDC21) mRNA expression showed significantly higher in HCC tissues than in normal tissues and high expression levels of these genes predicted poor prognosis in HCC patients. The combined effect analysis of five CCDCs family prognostic markers suggests that the prognosis difference for CCDC family members combination was more significant than that for any individual CCDC family genes. We then developed a risk score model that could predict the prognosis of HCC, and nomogram gene expression was visualized with the probability of predicting the prognosis of HCC by clinical factors. GSEA revealed that, while five CCDCs family combined high expression was associated with increased cell cycle progression and low expression was associated with complement activation pathway. Mutation analysis showed that the combined high expression group had a higher TP53 mutation rate than the combined low expression group, and the high expression group showed higher TMB, which was associated with a better prognosis than high TMB. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the expression of CCDC34, CCDC137, CCDC77, CCDC93 and CCDC21 may be potential prognostic markers in HCC and in combination have a strong interaction and better predictive value for HCC prognosis.
Portal Modulation Effects of Terlipressin on Liver Regeneration and Survival in a Porcine Model Subjected to 90% Hepatectomy
Authors: Jo Hye-sung , Park Hyun-Jin , Choi Yoon Young , Seok Jin-I , Han Jae-Hyun , Yoon Young-In , Kim Dong-Sik 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundExcessive postoperative portal pressure is associated with post-hepatectomy liver failure and small-for-size syndrome after partial liver transplantation. This study aimed to identify the portal modulation effects of terlipressin on liver regeneration and survival in a porcine model subjected to 90% hepatectomy.MethodsTwenty pigs undergoing 90% hepatectomy were divided into control (n=10) and terlipressin (n=10) groups. Terlipressin 0.5 mg was injected subcutaneously three times a day, from immediately before hepatectomy to 7 days after surgery, for surviving pigs in the terlipressin group. Portal pressure measurement, biochemical analysis, assessment of molecular markers for liver regeneration, and immunohistochemistry were performed in both groups. ResultsThe 7-day survival rate was significantly higher in the terlipressin group than in the control group. Portal pressure in the terlipressin group was lower than that in the control group at 30 min and 1 h after hepatectomy. Total bilirubin level was lower in the terlipressin group than in the control group at 1 h and 6 h after hepatectomy. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression was higher in the control group than in the terlipressin group at 6 h after hepatectomy, while the proportion of Ki-67-positive cells was higher in the terlipressin group than in the control group at 7 days after hepatectomy. Endothelin-1 levels reflecting liver injury were lower in the terlipressin group than in the control group at 1 h and 6 h after hepatectomy.Conclusion﻿Terlipressin could optimize liver regeneration and improve survival through rapid and effective portal modulation after extensive hepatectomy.
Six-gene Signature Based on Metabolism Is Closely Related to the Prognosis and Immune Infiltration of Patients With Sepsis
Authors: Feng Huaguo , Pan Qingbo , Wang Yanqin , Zhang Wenfeng , Gong Jianping , Qin Fanbo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the intensive care unit. Current studies indicated that metabolism associated genes (MAGs) have critical roles in sepsis T his study aim s to construct a gene signature for sepsis and explore its possible mechanism ss. Methods: Differentially expressed metabolism associated genes (DEMAGs) were identified in sepsis patients based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify and construct the prognostic gene signature. Quantitative real time PCR was applied to examine the mRNA level of sig nature genes in the sepsis mice model established by cecalligation and puncture (CLP). Next, Gene S et Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to further understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of gene signature We then assessed the abundance of infiltrating immune cell s in each sample to explore the immune microenvironment of sepsis patient s Finally, the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE ) and SubMap algorithms were used to explore the immunotherapy response of sepsis patients .Results: A novel six gene signature (including ELANE , NQO2 , TLR2 , PTGDS , SMAD3 , CD3E ) was established for sepsis prognosis prediction , which could accurately predict the overall survival ( of sepsis patients. In the sepsis mice model, except PTGDS, the mRNA expression of the other five genes was consistent with that of sepsis patients. T he result s of GSEA analysis indicate that the prognostic signature w as closely related to immunity function Besides , we found that the risk score was strikingly negatively correlated with the tumor microenvironment (TME) immunecells infiltration and expression of critical immune checkpoints The patients in the low risk group were more likely to benefit from immune therapy through the TIDE and SubMap analysis Conclusion : In conclusion, our signature can predict the OS of sepsis patients and provide potential guidance for exploring patients who may benefit from immunotherapy.
Metabolic Adaptation is Associated With Less Weight and Fat Mass Loss in Response to Low-Energy Diets
Authors: Martins Catia , Roekenes Jessica , Gower Barbara , Hunter Gary 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The practical relevance of metabolic adaptation remains a controversial issue. To the best of our knowledge, no study has properly evaluated the role of metabolic adaptation in modulating weight loss outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the association between metabolic adaptation, at the level of resting metabolic rate (RMR), and weight and fat mass (FM) loss after low-energy diets (LED), after adjusting for dietary adherence and other confounders. Methods: 71 individuals with obesity (BMI: 34.6±3.4 kg/m2; age: 45.4±8.2 years; 33 males) were randomized to one of three 1000 kcal/day diets for 8 weeks. Body weight, FM and fat-free mass (FFM) (air displacement plethysmography), RMR (indirect calorimetry) and physical activity level (PAL) (armbands) were measured at baseline and at week 9. Metabolic adaptation at week 9 was defined as measured – predicted RMR (using own regression model). Dietary adherence was calculated from RMR, PAL and body composition changes. Linear regression was used to assess the potential role of metabolic adaptation in predicting weight and FM loss after adjusting for dietary adherence, average PAL, sex, baseline FM and FFM and randomization group.Results: Participants lost on average 14±4 kg (13±3%) and presented with metabolic adaptation (-92±110 kcal/day, P<0.001). Metabolic adaptation was a significant predictor of both weight and FM loss (β=-0.01, P<0.001 for both), even after adjusting for confounders (R2=0.88, 0.93, respectively, P<0.001 for both). On average, an increase in metabolic adaptation of 50 kcal/day was associated with a 0.5 kg lower weight and FM loss in response to the LED. Conclusion: In individuals with obesity, metabolic adaptation at the level of RMR is associated with less weight and FM loss in response to LED. Trial registration ID: NCT02944253
Metabolic Adaptation Delays Time to Reach Weight Loss Goals
Authors: Martins Catia , Gower Barbara , Hunter Gary 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe clinical relevance of metabolic adaptation remains to be fully determined, but its role as a driver of weight regain has been dismissed. It could be hypothesized that metabolic adaptation increases the length of time needed to reach weight loss goals. The aim of this study was, therefore, to determine if metabolic adaptation, at the level of resting metabolic rate (RMR), is associated with time to reach weight loss goals, after adjusting for confounders. Methods65 premenopausal women with overweight (BMI: 28.6±1.5 kg/m2; age: 36.4±5.9 years; 36 Whites and 29 Blacks) followed an 800 kcal/day diet until body mass index ≤25 kg/m2. Body weight and composition (4 compartment model (4CM) and dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)) and RMR (indirect calorimetry) were measured at baseline and after weight loss (after a 4-week weight stabilization period). Dietary adherence was calculated from total energy expenditure (TEE) determined by double labeled water measures and DXA body composition changes. Metabolic adaptation was defined as a significantly lower measured vs predicted RMR (from own regression model using 4CM data). A regression model to predict time to reach weight loss goals was developed including baseline body weight, baseline TEE, dietary adherence and metabolic adaptation as predictors. ResultsParticipants lost on average 12.5±3.1 kg (16.1±3.4%) over 155.1±49.2 days. Average dietary adherence was 63.6±31.0%. There was significant metabolic adaptation after weight loss (-46±113 kcal/day, P=0.002) and this variable was a significant predictor of time to reach weight loss goal (β=-0.1, P=0.033), even after adjusting for confounders (R2 adjusted = 0.59, P<0.001). ConclusionIn premenopausal women with overweight, metabolic adaptation after a 16% weight loss increases the length of time necessary to achieve weight loss goals. Trial registration ID (JULIET study)﻿NCT00067873
Successful Treatment of Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Upper Extremity Caused by Vibrio vulnificus: Two Case Reports and Literature Review
Authors: Guo Pengchao , Li Nan , Zhao Quangfeng , Hu Xueqing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Vibrio vulnificus infection patients are more common in China's coastal areas and military activities, but there have been very rare reports successful treatment and limb salvage patients. Case presentation: We present two cases of patients with the successful treatment of necrotizing fasciitis caused by V. vulnificus and review the pathogenetic mechanism, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment of this infection.Conclusion: When Vibrio vulnificus patients develop bacteraemia and necrotizing fasciitis symptoms,emergency surgical debridement combined with anti-infection therapy should be considered.
A Long-Term Control Study of the Treatment of Cervical Radiculopathy by Percutaneous Endoscopic Posterior Cervical Discectomy and Anterior Cervical Decompression, Bone Graft Fusion and Internal Fixation
Authors: Huang Xiaodong , Wang Weiheng , Meng Qingxi , Yu Jiangming , Ye Xiaojian 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR) is very common all over the world. However, there are only a few reports about the efficacy of percutaneous endoscopic posterior cervical discectomy (PEPCD) in the treatment of CSR. Anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) and PEPCD which is a better way to treat CSR need further study.Methods：From January 2015 to December 2016. A retrospective study of 70 patients undergoing surgery for CSR (33 using PEPCD and 37 using ACDF). The intra-operative parameters, neck disability index (NDI), neck and arm visual analog scale (VAS) score were used to assessed clinical outcome. Radiological outcomes were assessed by measuring cervical 2-7 (C2-7) lordosis, disc height index (DHI), and degree of degenerative changes at the corresponding level.Results: The mean follow-up period was 48.5 month (36 –66 months). Two groups can significantly improve the clinical symptoms. There was no significant difference between the two groups in clinical results (VAS, NDI). Compared with preoperative, the lordosis of C2-7 increased significantly at the last follow-up. At the last follow-up, C2-7 lordosis in the ACDF group was significantly higher than that in the PEPCD group. In PEPCD, compared with preoperative, there was no significant difference in the DHI, but the degree of disc degeneration was significantly increased at the last follow-up.Conclusion: For patients with CSR, PEPCD had similar clinical early and intermediate outcomes when compared with ACDF, with the advantages of minimally invasive. PEPCD is a sufficient and safe supplement and alternative to conventional surgery.
Efficient Performance of Chiral Boron Nitride Nanotubes as Suitable Selector for Separation of Ibuprofen Enantiomers Using DFT-D3 Calculations and Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Rasoolidanesh Melahatsadat , Ganji Masoud Darvish 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.