bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case series of Brugada syndrome with a novel mutation in the ankyrin-B gene: an unusual unmasking in acute myocarditis
Authors: Marketou Maria E , Zareas Ilias , Kanoupakis Emmanuel , Patrianakos Alexandros , Parthenakis Fragiskos 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a genetically heterogeneous channelopathy that may lead to sudden death. We report a novel mutation of the ankyrin-B gene that is probably related to the occurrence of BrS in two brothers.

Case summary
First, we present the case of a 27-year-old male who was admitted to the hospital with acute myocarditis. The patient showed left ventricular dysfunction and was given carvedilol. Six days later, while asymptomatic and afebrile, the patient exhibited an electrocardiogram (ECG) with repolarization ‘saddleback’ ST changes in V2. A procainamide provocative test was performed with a response for Type 1 Brugada ECG pattern. Genetic testing revealed a novel mutation, c.5418T&gt;A (+/−) (p.His1806Gln), in the ankyrin-B gene encoding. His 34 years old brother had an ECG J point elevation in leads V1 and V2 of 1 mm not fulfilling diagnostic criteria for Brugada ECG pattern. He also experienced arrhythmia-related syncope. Flecainide provocation test changed ECG towards a Type 1 Brugada pattern. A subcutaneous implantable defibrillator (ICD) was implanted. Patient 1 remains asymptomatic while Patient 2 experienced an appropriate ICD shock during follow-up.

Discussion
In this case series, two brothers with BrS exhibited the same mutation of the ankyrin-B gene. Ankyrin-B is associated with the stability of plasma membrane proteins in the voltage-gated ion channels. Our finding provides a foundation for further investigation of this mutation in relation to BrS. Moreover, the timing of its presentation raises concerns as to whether myocarditis or beta-blockers are associated with the presentation of BrS ECG.
Adult-onset hypoxaemia, diffuse lung lesions, and pulmonary hypertension in cobalamin C defect: a case report
Authors: Zhao Qin-Hua , Wu Wen-Hui , Fu Li-Jun , Wang Lan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Cobalamin C (cbl-C) defect is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder that commonly affects the central nervous system of infants. Severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) and diffuse lung lesions are unusual clinical manifestations, especially among adults.

Case summary
A 25-year-old man with hypoxaemia, diffuse lung lesions, and PH, suddenly developed nausea, vomiting, headache, and worsening of dyspnoea. Metabolic screening showed elevated serum levels of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine, and genetic testing revealed MMACHC gene mutations. He was eventually diagnosed with severe PH secondary to cbl-C defect and was successfully managed with vitamin B12, betaine, L-carnitine, folate, as well as ambrisentan and sildenafil.

Discussion
cbl-C is a rare cause of PH and can present with severe PH and diffuse lung lesions in adults. Given that the condition is treatable, a careful metabolic screening should be considered when a diagnosis of PH is made.
How often segmentectomy is feasible in lung cancer surgery: a population-based evaluation
Authors: Helminen Olli , Söderström Johan , Andersen Heidi , Sihvo Eero 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Despite promising outcomes in lung cancer surgery, segmentectomy has not gained wide acceptance at the population level. Our aim was to evaluate the potential role of segmentectomy in real-world practice.

METHODS
All patients diagnosed with lung cancer and operated between January 2013 and December 2019 in Central Finland and Ostrobothnia were included. This intent-to-treat analysis sub-grouped segmentectomy patients by indications: (i) high-risk patients with stage I disease (n = 40), (ii) ≤20 mm ground-glass opacity (n = 12), (iii) carcinoid (n = 12), (iv) special indication (n = 20) including synchronous and metachronous disease, fissure-crossing tumour, and synchronous other solid cancers requiring surgery, (v) solid ≤2 cm tumour (n = 14) in medically fit patient. To evaluate the potential role of segmentectomy, all preoperative CT scans were re-evaluated.

RESULTS
Of 269 patients, in 98 (36.4%) intention of surgery was segmentectomy. Indication was high risk in 40 (14.9%), ground-glass opacity in 12 (4.5%), carcinoid in 12 (4.5%), special indication in 20 (7.4%) and ≤2 cm solid tumour in medically fit patients in 14 (5.2%). The major complication rate was ≤15% in all groups with excellent 3-year recurrence-free survival between 76.5% and 100%. Segmentectomy could have been technically potential in up to 46.8% of patients. This was exactly the rate performed in the last 3-year period of this study.

CONCLUSIONS
Performed and potential segmentectomy rates underline the importance of adaptation of this technique with possibility to offer curative surgery to many high risk and special patients with low morbidity and mortality.
Developing a tool to monitor knowledge translation in the health system: results from an international Delphi study
Authors: Delnord Marie , Abboud Linda A , Costa Claudia , Van Oyen Herman 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
It is generally accepted that evidence-informed decision making contributes to better health system performance and health outcomes, yet we are lacking benchmarks to monitor the impact of national health information systems (HIS) in policy and practice. Hence in this study, we have aimed to identify criteria for monitoring Knowledge Translation (KT) capacity within countries.

Methods
We conducted a web-based Delphi with over 120 public health professionals from 45 countries to reach agreement on criteria to monitor KT at the level of national HIS. Public health professionals participated in three survey rounds, in which they ranked 85 preselected criteria and could suggest additional criteria.

Results
Experts working in national (public) health agencies and statistical offices, as well as in health policy and care agreed on 29 criteria which constitute the Health Information (HI)-Impact Index. The criteria cover four essential domains of evaluation: the production of high-quality evidence, broad access and dissemination, stakeholder engagement and knowledge integration across sectors and in civil society. The HI-Impact Index was pretested by officials working in ministries of health and public health agencies in eight countries; they found the tool acceptable and user-friendly.

Conclusions
The HI-Impact Index provides benchmarks to monitor KT so that countries can assess whether high-quality evidence can be easily accessed and used by the relevant stakeholders in health policy and practice, by civil society and across sectors. Next steps include further refining the procedure for conducting the assessment in routine, and sharing experiences from HIS evaluations using the HI-Impact Index.
Intergenerational Emotional Cohesion and Psychological Well-Being of Older Adults in Rural China: A Moderated Mediation Model of Loneliness and Friendship Ties
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyan , Silverstein Merril 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesAlthough researchers have linked intergenerational emotional cohesion (IEC) to psychological well-being (PWB) among older adults, the mechanisms and conditions under which IEC is related to PWB—particularly in rural areas—are less well understood. This study analyzed data from rural China to examine whether loneliness mediated the relationship between IEC and PWB, and whether friendship ties moderated the strength of the direct and indirect relationships between IEC and PWB.MethodsMediation and moderated mediation models were tested using a sample of rural adults aged 60 and older (N = 958) from the Longitudinal Study of Older Adults in Anhui Province, China. Measures included IEC, friendship ties, loneliness, and 2 PWB indicators—depressive symptoms and life satisfaction.ResultsThe results revealed that IEC was negatively related to loneliness, which in turn was associated with depressive symptoms and life satisfaction. Furthermore, this indirect pathway linking IEC and depressive symptoms (but not life satisfaction) was positively conditioned on the size of friendship ties.DiscussionThis study advances our understanding of the mechanism through which IEC influences PWB in older adults. Alleviating loneliness could help boost PWB. Other implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Age Differences in Media Consumption and Avoidance With Respect to COVID-19
Authors: Nolte Julia , Deng Stephanie L , Löckenhoff Corinna E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Older versus younger adults are at greater risk from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but descriptive data show they are less likely to seek out related information in the media, although underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Method
A representative adult life-span sample (N = 500) completed a preregistered online study assessing changes in media consumption in response to the pandemic, self-reported and behavioral media avoidance, avoidance motives, and demographic, socioemotional, and cognitive covariates.

Results
Age was associated with reduced media consumption and higher behavioral media avoidance, but lower self-reported media avoidance and lower endorsement of specific avoidance motives. Age differences in aspects of affect, motivation, and cognition statistically accounted for variations in behavioral avoidance but not for the other age effects.

Discussion
Age differences in media use in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic are not explained by deliberate avoidance intentions and motives but associated with broader age variations in socioemotional and cognitive functioning.
Integrative analysis of genomic and epigenomic data reveal underlying superenhancer-mediated microRNA regulatory network for human bone mineral density
Authors: Bai Wei-Yang , Xia Jiang-Wei , Rong Xiao-Li , Cong Pei-Kuan , Khederzadeh Saber , Zheng Hou-Feng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Bone mineral density (BMD) is a highly heritable complex trait and is a key indicator for diagnosis and treatment for osteoporosis. In the last decade, numerous susceptibility loci for BMD and fracture have been identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS); however, fine mapping of these loci is challengeable. Here, we proposed a new long-range fine-mapping approach that combined superenhancers (SEs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) data, which were two important factors in control of cell identity and specific differentiation, with the GWAS summary datasets in cell-type-restricted way. Genome-wide SE-based analysis found that the BMD-related variants were significantly enriched in the osteoblast SE regions, indicative of potential long-range effects of such SNPs. With the SNP-mapped SEs (mSEs), 13 accessible long-range mSE-interacted miRNAs (mSE-miRNAs) were identified by integrating osteoblast Hi-C and ATAC-seq data, including three known bone-related miRNAs (miR-132-3p, miR-212-3p and miR-125b-5p). The putative targets of the two newly identified mSE-miRNAs (miR-548aj-3p and miR-190a-3p) were found largely enriched in osteogenic-related pathway and processes, suggesting that these mSE-miRNAs could be functional in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, we identified 54 genes with the long-range ‘mSE-miRNA’ approach, and 24 of them were previously reported to be related to skeletal development. Besides, enrichment analysis found that these genes were specifically enriched in the post-transcriptional regulation and bone formation processes. This study provided a new insight into the approach of fine-mapping of GWAS loci. A tool was provided for the genome-wide SE-based analysis and the detection of long-range osteoblast-restricted mSE-miRNAs (https://github.com/Zheng-Lab-Westlake/Osteo-Fine-Mapp-SNP2SE2miRNA).
Impaired Learning From Negative Feedback in Stimulant Use Disorder: Dopaminergic Modulation
Authors: Lim Tsen Vei , Cardinal Rudolf N , Bullmore Edward T , Robbins Trevor W , Ersche Karen D 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Drug-induced alterations to the dopamine system in stimulant use disorder (SUD) are hypothesized to impair reinforcement learning (RL). Computational modeling enables the investigation of the latent processes of RL in SUD patients, which could elucidate the nature of their impairments.

Methods
We investigated RL in 44 SUD patients and 41 healthy control participants using a probabilistic RL task that assesses learning from reward and punishment separately. In an independent sample, we determined the modulatory role of dopamine in RL following a single dose of the dopamine D2/3 receptor antagonist amisulpride (400 mg) and the agonist pramipexole (0.5 mg) in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. We analyzed task performance using computational modelling and hypothesized that RL impairments in SUD patients would be differentially modulated by a dopamine D2/3 receptor antagonist and agonist.

Results
Computational analyses in both samples revealed significantly reduced learning rates from punishment in SUD patients compared with healthy controls, whilst their reward learning rates were not measurably impaired. In addition, the dopaminergic receptor agents modulated RL parameters differentially in both groups. Both amisulpride and pramipexole impaired RL parameters in healthy participants, but ameliorated learning from punishment in SUD patients.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that RL impairments seen in SUD patients are associated with altered dopamine function.
Use of social media for the improvement of radiation safety knowledge among Saudi Arabian radiographers
Authors: Hijlis Shayma-a , Alanzi Turki , Alanezi Fahad , Alhodaib Hala , Althumairi Arwa , Aljaffary Afnan , Aljabri Duaa , Alrayes Saja , Alsalman Demah , Al-Fayez Asma , Alrawiai Sumaiah , AlThani Bashair , Alakrawi Zahraa , Saadah Amjad , Alyousif Norah 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Radiographers have used social media networks for education, research, professional development and other purposes. However, in Saudi Arabia, there are no studies on the use of social media by radiographers. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the use of social media for the improvement of radiation safety knowledge among Saudi Arabian radiographers.

Methods
A questionnaire was designed to collect the data from Saudi Arabian radiographers. The questionnaire was created using Google Forms and was sent to 530 radiographers using WhatsApp. In total, 159 participants completed and returned the questionnaire through WhatsApp. The response rate was 30%. Basic descriptive statistics were employed to analyse the data.

Results
Most of the participants (79.9%) thought that social media could be used as a tool for the improvement of radiation safety knowledge. Also, almost half of participants (49.7%) employed social media when they needed to obtain information about radiation protection. Similarly, a majority of respondents (69.2%) used social media when they required information related to radiation safety. In addition, 81.7% of participants observed on video the existing information on radiation safety. Also, 71.7% of them were disposed to expand the use of social media to obtain information for radiation protection in their professional activities.

Conclusion
The results indicate that social media can help to improve radiation safety knowledge among Saudi Arabian radiographers. Consequently, participants were willing to increase the use of these tools in their professional work.
Community Participation and the Quality of Rural Infrastructure in Ethiopia
Authors: Shigute Zemzem 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEthiopia’s Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) is one of the world’s largest food security programmes. The programme supports chronically food insecure rural households and at the same time promotes long-term food security through the creation of rural infrastructure. While studies on the PSNP have examined various features of the programme, there is limited knowledge on the quality and durability of infrastructure built through the programme. Ensuring and maintaining the quality of local public goods built through the PSNP and similar social protection programmes is a costly and recurring issue. Motivated by the long-term objective of the programme, this paper analyses the role played by a key design feature of the PSNP, that is, its Community-Based Participatory Watershed Development approach in influencing a project’s physical condition and its operational status. The paper is based on survey data and technical assessments provided by soil and water conservation (SWC) engineers covering a sample of 249 SWC projects located in 53 watershed communities. The survey is complemented by qualitative information gathered through interviews and discussions. The location of multiple projects, with differing levels of participation in the same watershed communities, permits estimation of the effects of community participation after controlling for community fixed effects. We find that projects in which beneficiaries play a larger role in project monitoring and evaluation are substantially less likely to be damaged and in better operational condition. These results support the idea that community participation translates into more durable infrastructure.
An adaptive hybrid atom search optimization with particle swarm optimization and its application to optimal no-load PID design of hydro-turbine governor
Authors: Zhao Weiguo , Shi Tiancong , Wang Liying , Cao Qingjiao , Zhang Hongfei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
One metaheuristic algorithm recently introduced is atom search optimization (ASO), inspired by the physical movement of atoms based on the molecular dynamics in nature. ASO displays a unique search ability by employing the interaction force from the potential energy and the constraint force. Despite some successful applications, it still suffers from a local optima stagnation and a low search efficiency. To alleviate these disadvantages, a new adaptive hybridized optimizer named AASOPSO is proposed. In this study, the individual and group cognitive components in particle swarm optimization (PSO) are integrated into ASO to accelerate the exploitation phase, and the acceleration coefficients are introduced to adaptively achieve a good balance between exploration and exploitation. Meanwhile, to improve the search performance of the algorithm, each individual atom possesses its own force constant, which is effectively and adaptively adjusted based on the feedback of the fitness of the atom in some sequential steps. The performance of AASOPSO is evaluated on two sets of benchmark functions compared to the other population-based optimizers to show its effectiveness. Additionally, AASOPSO is applied to the optimal no-load PID design of the hydro-turbine governor. The simulation results reveal that AASOPSO is more successful than its competitors in searching the global optimal PID parameters.
Rewiring the microbial metabolic network for efficient utilization of mixed carbon sources
Authors: An Ning , Chen Xin , Sheng Huakang , Wang Jia , Sun Xinxiao , Yan Yajun , Shen Xiaolin , Yuan Qipeng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Carbon sources represent the most dominant cost factor in the industrial biomanufacturing of products. Thus, it has attracted much attention to seek cheap and renewable feedstocks, such as lignocellulose, crude glycerol, methanol, and carbon dioxide, for biosynthesis of value-added compounds. Co-utilization of these carbon sources by microorganisms not only can reduce the production cost but also serves as a promising approach to improve the carbon yield. However, co-utilization of mixed carbon sources usually suffers from a low utilization rate. In the past few years, the development of metabolic engineering strategies to enhance carbon source co-utilization efficiency by inactivation of carbon catabolite repression has made significant progress. In this article, we provide informative and comprehensive insights into the co-utilization of two or more carbon sources including glucose, xylose, arabinose, glycerol, and C1 compounds, and we put our focus on parallel utilization, synergetic utilization, and complementary utilization of different carbon sources. Our goal is not only to summarize strategies of co-utilization of carbon sources, but also to discuss how to improve the carbon yield and the titer of target products.
The Limits of Realism after Liberal Hegemony
Authors: McKeil Aaron 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis review essay conducts and works to contribute an assessment of recent realist critiques of liberal hegemony. It finds that realists identify important problems with liberal hegemony, but also finds that under scrutiny the alternative foreign policies that realist critics offer suffer from their own serious limitations. It makes the case that realist proposals of “restraint” and “offshore balancing” avoid the problems realists associate with liberal interventionism, but would also be generative of proxy wars, while offering insufficient additional institutions, practices, and norms for mitigating and managing proxy wars and great power conflict, among other global and international challenges. From closer examination and consideration, that is, the argument is made that these limitations of alternative realist foreign policies question their ability to contribute to international order in the twenty-first century and suggest, quite the opposite, that if pursued they would instead become new sources of international disorder, albeit while avoiding some of the problems associated with liberal internationalism.
Construction of a curve by using the state equation of Frenet formula
Authors: Chen J T , Lee J W , Kao S K , Chou Y T 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the available formulae for the curvature of plane curve are reviewed not only for the time-like but also for the space-like parameter curve. Two ways to describe the curve are proposed. One is the straight way to obtain the Frenet formula according to the given curve of parameter form. The other is that we can construct the curve by solving the state equation of Frenet formula subject to the initial position, the initial tangent, normal and binormal vectors, and the given radius of curvature and torsion constant. The remainder theorem of the matrix and the Cayley–Hamilton theorem are both employed to solve the Frenet equation. We review the available formulae of the radius of curvature and examine their equivalence. Through the Frenet formula, the relation among different expressions for the radius of curvature formulae can be linked. Therefore, we can integrate the formulae in the engineering mathematics, calculus, mechanics of materials and dynamics. Besides, biproduct of two new and simpler formulae and the available four formulae in the textbook of the radius of curvature yield the same radius of curvature for the plane curve. Linkage of centrifugal force and radius of curvature is also addressed. A demonstrative example of the cycloid is given. Finally, we use the two new formulae to obtain the radius of curvature for four curves, namely a circle. The equivalence is also proved. Animation for 2D and 3D curves is also provided by using the Mathematica software to demonstrate the validity of the present approach.