bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-psychological Study of COVIDâ€“19 Pandemic among Healthcare Workers in a Medical College of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Zoowa Sabin Bahadur , Shrestha Lochana , Paudel Leela , Bhandari Ganesh , Sapkota Suhail , Timilsina Bibek 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Health care workers experienced considerable psychological distress as a result of COVID-19 due to providing direct patient care, quarantine or self-isolation, and lockdown experience. They are front line workers handling the patients and are at greater risk than others. This study aims to determine the socio-psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare workers of a medical college in Nepal.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study from different institutions of the Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences from May 2020 to July 2020 was conducted. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences. A total of 212 responses were collected through Google form along with the Depression, anxiety, stress and scale-21 to assess the level of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. Analysis of the data was done using Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 22.
Results: Respondents with extremely severe depression, anxiety, and stress was found to be 16 (7.5%), 24 (11.3%), and 4 (1.95%) respectively. Most of the respondents do not have travel history, but 6 (2.8%) and 28 (13.2%) have direct and indirect contact respectively with the COVID patients. Daily activities such as food intake, the workload at home, and relationships with family members were increased. 208 (98%) have followed preventive measures such as mouth mask, hand washes, and physical distance.
Conclusions: COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a significant level of depression, anxiety, and stress on health care workers caring for infected patients, with their main concern being the risk of transmitting the infection to their families or acquiring it themselves.
Prevalence of Obesity in Inguinal Hernia Repair Patients in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Shrestha Sundar , Upadhyay Pramod Kumar 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Inguinal hernia is a common surgical problem, with a lifetime risk of 27% in men and 3% in women. Its cumulative incidence is 17.2% and 12.3% in body mass index of <25 kg/m2 and 25â€“30 kg/m2 respectively. Obesity had been regarded as the risk factor for the development of an inguinal hernia. However, recent epidemiologic studies have suggested the decreased prevalence of inguinal hernia in increased weight and body mass index individuals. The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of obesity in inguinal hernia repair patients in a tertiary care center.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional observational study was performed in Bir Hospital from May 2018 to December 2019 after taking ethical approval from the institutional review board of NAMS. Convenient sampling was done with a sample size of 219. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23 and Microsoft Excel software by descriptive statistics.
Results: The mean body mass index was 22.10 Â±3.07 kg/m2. Body mass index category 18.5 â€“ 22.9 kg/m2 had 133 (61%) male and seven (3.2%) female patients, category â‰¥30 kg/m2 had four (1.8%) male. Most of inguinal hernia repair patients were farmers 158 (72.5%). Common risk factors noted were smoking 142 (65.1%), heavy work 112 (51.4%), chronic cough 65 (29.8%). Most of the complications occurred in the normal body mass index category and the prevalence of complications decreased as the body mass index increased. The recurrence was found in 3 (1.4%) inguinal hernia repairs.
Conclusions: The majority of inguinal hernia repair patients were non-obese, and complications were less in obese patients.
Prevalence of Functional Limitation in COVID-19 Recovered Patients Using the Post COVID-19 Functional Status Scale
Authors: Pant Pankaj , Joshi Aishana , Basnet Babin , Shrestha Bibek Man , Bista Navindra Raj , Bam Niraj , Das Santa Kumar 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: COVID-19 is an emerging global health pandemic causing tremendous morbidity andmortality worldwide. Chronic symptoms progressing to poor functional status have been reportedin a substantial proportion of COVID-19 patients worldwide. This study aimed to determine theprevalence of functional limitation in COVID-19 recovered patients using the post-COVID-19functional status scale.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Tribhuvan University TeachingHospital. COVID-19 recovered patients with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactionnegative status were included and assessed using the post-COVID-19 functional status scale. Dataentry and analysis was done in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0. Descriptivestatistics were performed.
Results: A total of 106 patients were included for the final analysis. More than half of the patients(56.6%) reported having no functional limitation (grade 0), while the prevalence of some degree offunctional limitation was observed in 46 (43.4%) patients (grade 1 to 4).
Conclusions: Some form of functional limitation should be anticipated after COVID-19 infection.Post-COVID-19 functional status scale can be a valuable tool in determining the prevalence offunctional limitation in COVID-19 recovered patients in acute health care settings. It can potentiallyguide in planning rehabilitative measures in post-acute care management of COVID-19 survivors.
ANALISIS BEBAN KERJA OPERATOR DI BAGIAN PRODUKSI DENGAN METODE CARDIOVASCULAR LOAD (CVL) DAN BOURDON WIERSMA UNTUK MENGURANGI KELELAHAN DI CV. XYZ
Authors: Aryanny Enny , Baitil Bayyinah 
Published: March 2021

The workforce of plastic crushing and product printing at CV. XYZ experiences fatigue most quickly, so when working often makes mistakes and lacks concentration at work which causes a decrease in work output. The workload on the operator of the plastic crushing section has oxygen consumption of 0.953 liters / minute categorized by Weight, with a Cardiovascular Load percentage of 30.54% categorized as required for improvement based on the results of Bourdon Wiersma 10.4 seconds speed level category Good Enough, accuracy level 12.7 Doubtful category, a constant level of 5.7 seconds Fair category. The operator of the product printing section has an oxygen consumption of 1,083 liters / minute categorized by Weight, with a percentage of Cardiovascular Load of 35.71% categorized as needed an improvement based on the results of the Bourdon Wiersma speed level of 10.9 seconds the category Good Enough, the level of accuracy 17.6 Doubts category - Doubt, a constant level of 7.01 seconds in the Doubt-free category. Improvements that can be made to plastic crushing and product printing operators are adding rest periods, rolling workers' systems, improving workplace conditions to be more ergonomic, and managing work shifts..

Keywords: Oxygen Consumption, Accuracy, Speed, Constant.
COVID-19 Sürecinde Çoklu Yetersizliği Olan Çocukların Ailelerine Sunulan Destekler: Bir Durum Çalışması
Authors: Sardohan Yıldırım Adile Emel , Bozak Burak 
Published: March 2021

Çoklu yetersizliği olan çocukların ailelerine sosyal, eğitim ve sağlık alanlarında destek sunulması ailelerin yaşam kaliteleri üzerinde etkili olan faktörlerden biridir. COVID-19 salgını süresince birçok insanın sosyal izolasyonda olması ve birçok kurum ve kuruluşun farklı çalışma sistemine geçmesi ile birlikte ailelere sunulan destek hizmetlerinin belirlenmesi önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19 sürecinde çoklu yetersizliği olan çocuğa sahip ailelere sunulan sosyal, eğitim ve sağlık desteklerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması olarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama yöntemi olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılmış ve görüşmeler çevrim içi yapılıp kaydedilmiş ardından betimsel analiz tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Çocukları çoklu yetersizliği olan 14 aile araştırmaya katılmıştır. Çalışma grubunun seçiminde ölçüt örnekleme ve kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme yöntemleri beraber kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, COVID-19 sürecinin çoklu yetersizliği olan çocukları ve ailelerini olumsuz etkilediği ve bu süreçte ailelere sosyal, eğitim ve sağlık alanlarında gerekli olan desteklerin sunulmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır.
A extensão universitária e sua relação com a qualidade de vida de idosos vulneráveis amazônidas
Authors: Fernandes Daiane de Souza , Moraes Julielen Larissa Alexandrino , Bandeira Gabriel de Luca Sousa , Azevedo Júnior Wanderson Santiago de , Procópio Thamyres Batista , Freitas Elizabeth França de , Gonçalves Lucia Hisako Takase 
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de atividades desenvolvidas em um projeto de extensão universitário com idosos, onde foram empregadas metodologias participativas com valorização de questões sociais e culturais dos envolvidos. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, descritiva, do tipo relato de experiência. Este relato de experiência foi elaborado a partir das vivências do projeto de extensão universitária “Idoso Saudável”, vinculado a atividade curricular Atenção Integral a Saúde do Adulto e Idoso do terceiro período do curso de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) Resultado: O desenvolvimento de atividades com idosos é primordial para o estimular o envelhecimento ativo e com qualidade de vida, tal que se incrementa o processo de formação profissional em gerontogeriatria, uma vez que participam do projeto, os estudantes de Enfermagem. Considerações finais: Atividades extensionistas são um importante elo entre a universidade e comunidades. Observou-se o impacto na qualidade de vida dos idosos participantes, bem como na visão mais ampliada e especializada do processo de envelhecimento, além da importancia de fortalecimento de estudos na área para efetivar o protagonismo e impacto na população idosa.
PENERAPAN BACK MASSAGE TERHADAP FATIGUE (KELELAHAN) PASIEN KANKER PAYUDARA YANG MENJALANI KEMOTERAPI
Authors: P Dyah Restuning 
Published: March 2021

Kanker payudara ialah penyakit yang tidak terkendali pembelahan selnya dan kemampuan untuk menyerang jaringan biologis baik langsung di jaringan yang bersebelahan (invasi) atau dengan migrasi sel yang jauh (metastasis). Salah satu penatalaksanaan kanker payudara adalah kemoterapi. Yaitu kemoterapi yang menyebabkan fatigue (kelelahan). Untuk mengurangi fatigue (kelelahan) saat kemoterapi dengan pemberian back massage karena memberikan efek relaksasi secara menyeluruh dan mengurangi kelelahan karena dapat memperbaiki sirkulasi darah dan mengurangi ketegangan tubuh serta pengeluaran ampas tubuh semakin sempurna dengan pengeluaran racun dalam tubuh. Tujuan studi kasus ini menyusun resume asuhan keperawatan dalam pemberian back massage untuk mengurangi kelelahan saat kemoterapi pada pasien kanker payudara. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan metode studi kasus dalam bentuk rancangan one grup pretest posttest. Subyek dari penelitian ini adalah 2 pasien dengan kanker payudara yang menjalani kemoterapi, dengan skala kelelahan 4-7 (kelelahan sedang), pasien kanker payudara dengan stadium 1-3, pasien yang bersedia menjadi responden. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa ada perubahan tingkat kelelahan yang awalnya kelelahan sedang menjadi kelelahan ringan setelah pemberian back massage selama 3 hari sehingga diharapkan keluarga pasien dapat melakukan tindakan back massage untuk mengurangi kelelahan pada pasien kanker payudara yang menjalani kemoterapi.

Kata kunci: kanker payudara, kelelahan, back massage
KOMUNIKASI PASANGAN MENIKAH ANTAR BUDAYA SIPIL DENGAN MILITER MELALUI PENDEKATAN TEORI MANAJEMEN IDENTITAS
Authors: Christanti Maria Febiana 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan manajemen identitas pasangan menikah berbeda budaya sipil dengan militeryang berdampak pada komunikasi mereka saat beradaptasi. Identitas selalu mengalami perubahan dan identitas setiap pasangan tidak akan sama satu dengan yang lain, seperti: identitas suku, agama, usia, keluarga, lingkungan sosial, organisasi, dll. Proses manajemen identitas yang terjadi diantara kedua pasangan berbeda budaya sipil dengan militer akan diuraikan melalui tiga fase manajemen identitas dari Cupach & Imahori yaitu: trial and error, enmeshment, and renegotiation. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan konstruktivis dengan menggunakan teori manajemen identitas Sifat penelitian adalah deskriptif dan memakai metode fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam. Hasil dari penelitian ini terungkap bahwa pasangan yang memiliki banyak perbedaan lebih sulit melakukan proses renegotiation yakni mengelola face diri sendiri atau face pasangan dengan mencari persamaan perspektif apakah mengutamakan nilai atau norma budaya sendiri sebagai warga sipil atau mengutamakan nilai atu norma sebagai militer.
Fragile, Yet Resilient: Adaptive Decline in a Collaboration Network of Firms
Authors: Schweitzer Frank , Casiraghi Giona , Tomasello Mario V. , Garcia David 
Published: March 2021

The dynamics of collaboration networks of firms follow a life cycle of growth and decline. That does not imply they also become less resilient. Instead, declining collaboration networks may still have the ability to mitigate shocks from firms leaving and to recover from these losses by adapting to new partners. To demonstrate this, we analyze 21.500 R&amp;D collaborations of 14.500 firms in six different industrial sectors over 25 years. We calculate time-dependent probabilities of firms leaving the network and simulate drop-out cascades to determine the expected dynamics of decline. We then show that deviations from these expectations result from the adaptivity of the network, which mitigates the decline. These deviations can be used as a measure of network resilience.
Volumetric Brain Changes in Older Fallers: A Voxel-Based Morphometric Study
Authors: Le Floch Maxime , Ali Pauline , Asfar Marine , Sánchez-Rodríguez Dolores , Dinomais Mickaël , Annweiler Cédric 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundFalls are frequent and severe in older adults, especially among those with cognitive impairments due to altered motor control. Which brain areas are affected among fallers remains yet not elucidated. The objective of this cross-sectional analysis was to determine whether the history of falls correlated with focal brain volume reductions in older adults.MethodsParticipants from the MERE study (n = 208; mean, 71.9 ± 5.9 years; 43% female; 38% cognitively healthy, 41% with mild cognitive impairment and 21% with dementia) were asked about their history of falls over the preceding year and received a 1.5-Tesla MRI scan of the brain. Cortical gray and white matter subvolumes were automatically segmented using Statistical Parametric Mapping. Age, gender, use of psychoactive drugs, cognitive status, and total intracranial volume were used as covariates.ResultsFifty-eight participants (28%) reported history of falls. Fallers were older (P = 0.001), used more often psychoactive drugs (P = 0.008) and had more often dementia (P = 0.004) compared to non-fallers. After adjustment, we found correlations between the history of falls and brain subvolumes; fallers exhibiting larger gray matter subvolumes in striatum, principally in bilateral caudate nucleus, than non-fallers. By stratifying on cognitive status, these neuroanatomical correlates were retrieved only in participants with MCI or dementia. There were no correlations with the subvolumes of white matter.ConclusionOlder fallers had larger subvolumes in bilateral striatum than non-fallers, principally within the caudate nucleus. This suggests a possible brain adaptative mechanism of falls in people with neurocognitive decline.
Rapid Degradation of Nitrochlorobenzene by Activated Persulfate Oxidation With Biochar Supported Nanoscaled Zero Valent Iron
Authors: Wang Xiang , Deng Rufeng , Shen Wenbo , Huang Jianbo , Li Qun , Zhao Yuanchao , Wan Jinzhong , Zhou Yan , Long Tao , Zhang Shengtian 
Published: March 2021

Although pesticide intermediates are a kind of typical toxic pollutant in contaminated sites, the remediation of these contaminants in groundwater and soils is of limited concern. In the present study we investigated the performance of a novel heterogeneous oxidation system, biochar supported nanoscaled-zero valent iron (nZVI/BC) activated persulfate (PS), in the oxidative degradation of nitrochlorobenzene (NCB), a typical pesticide intermediate. Peanut shell based nZVI/BC was prepared and used as the PS activator. The degradation kinetics of m-, p-, and o-NCB isomers in the aqueous phase were investigated. The effects of BC/nZVI composition (Fe/BC mass ratio), the amount of BC/nZVI and PS, and initial contaminant concentration on NCB removal were also examined. Results suggest that over 90% removals of three NCB isomers could be obtained by the nZVI/BC activated PS system at initial NCB concentration of 10 mg L−1. The combination of nZVI/BC composite and PS showed superior performance to PS alone. The optimal treatment condition was supposed as the Fe: BC ratio of 1:1, Fe amount of 6 mmol L−1, and the mole ratio of Fe to perfulfate of 1:1.
Chronic Stress-Related Neural Activity Associates With Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in a Community-Based Cohort: Data From the Washington, D.C. Cardiovascular Health and Needs Assessment
Authors: Powell-Wiley Tiffany M. , Dey Amit K. , Rivers Joshua P. , Chaturvedi Abhishek , Andrews Marcus R. , Ceasar Joniqua N. , Claudel Sophie E. , Mitchell Valerie M. , Ayers Colby , Tamura Kosuke , Gutierrez-Huerta Cristhian A. , Teague Heather L. , Oeser Steffen G. , Goyal Aditya , Joshi Aditya A. , Collins Billy S. , Baumer Yvonne , Chung Stephanie T. , Sumner Anne E. , Playford Martin P. , Tawakol Ahmed , Mehta Nehal N. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Psychosocial stress correlates with cardiovascular (CV) events; however, associations between physiologic measures of stressors and CVD remain incompletely understood, especially in racial/ethnic minority populations in resource-limited neighborhoods. We examined associations between chronic stress-related neural activity, measured by amygdalar 18Fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) uptake, and aortic vascular FDG uptake (arterial inflammation measure) in a community-based cohort.Methods: Forty participants from the Washington, DC CV Health and Needs Assessment (DC-CHNA), a study of a predominantly African-American population in resource-limited urban areas and 25 healthy volunteers underwent detailed phenotyping, including 18FDG PET/CT for assessing amygdalar activity (AmygA), vascular FDG uptake, and hematopoietic (leukopoietic) tissue activity. Mediation analysis was used to test whether the link between AmygA and vascular FDG uptake was mediated by hematopoietic activity.Results: AmygA (1.11 ± 0.09 vs. 1.05 ± 0.09, p = 0.004) and vascular FDG uptake (1.63 ± 0.22 vs. 1.55 ± 0.17, p = 0.05) were greater in the DC-CHNA cohort compared to volunteers. Within the DC-CHNA cohort, AmygA associated with vascular FDG uptake after adjustment for Framingham score and body mass index (β = 0.41, p = 0.015). The AmygA and aortic vascular FDG uptake relationship was in part mediated by splenic (20.2%) and bone marrow (11.8%) activity.Conclusions: AmygA, or chronic stress-related neural activity, associates with subclinical CVD risk in a community-based cohort. This may in part be mediated by the hematopoietic system. Our findings of this hypothesis-generating study are suggestive of a potential relationship between chronic stress-related neural activity and subclinical CVD in an African American community-based population. Taken together, these findings suggest a potential mechanism by which chronic psychosocial stress, such as stressors that can be experienced in adverse social conditions, promotes greater cardiovascular risk amongst resource-limited, community-based populations most impacted by cardiovascular health disparities. However, larger prospective studies examining these findings in other racially and ethnically diverse populations are necessary to confirm and extend these findings.
Reduction of Allergic Lung Disease by Mucosal Application of Toxoplasma gondii-Derived Molecules: Possible Role of Carbohydrates
Authors: Korb Elke , Drinić Mirjana , Wagner Angelika , Geissler Nora , Inic-Kanada Aleksandra , Peschke Roman , Joachim Anja , Wiedermann Ursula , Schabussova Irma 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundThe hygiene hypothesis suggests a link between parasitic infections and immune disorders, such as allergic diseases. We previously showed that infection withToxoplasma gondiior systemic application ofT. gondiitachyzoites lysate antigen (TLA) in a prophylactic, but not therapeutic protocol, prevented allergic airway inflammation in mice. Here we tested the effect of prophylactic and therapeutic application of TLAviathe mucosal route.MethodsMice were intranasally treated with TLA either i) prior to sensitization, ii) during sensitization and challenge, or iii) after sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA). Recruitment of inflammatory cells to the lung, cytokine levels in restimulated lung and spleen cell cultures as well as levels of OVA-specific antibodies in serum were measured. In parallel, the effect of native TLA, heat-inactivated (hiTLA) or deglycosylated TLA (dgTLA) on sensitized splenocytes was evaluatedex vivo.ResultsWhen applied together with OVA i) during systemic sensitization and local challenge or ii) exclusively during local challenge, TLA reduced infiltration of eosinophils into the lung, OVA-specific type 2 cytokines in restimulated lung cell cultures, and partially, type 2 cytokines in restimulated spleen cell cultures in comparison to allergic controls. No beneficial effect was observed when TLA was applied prior to the start of sensitization. Analysis of epitope sugars on TLA indicated a high abundance of mannose, fucose, N-acetylglucosamine, and N-acetylgalactosamine. Deglycosylation of TLA, but not heat-inactivation, abolished the potential of TLA to reduce type 2 responsesex vivo, suggesting a significant role of carbohydrates in immunomodulation.ConclusionWe showed that mucosal application of TLA reduced the development of experimental allergy in mice. The beneficial effects depended on the timing of the application in relation to the time point of sensitization. Not only co-application, but also therapy in sensitized/allergic animals with native TLA reduced local allergic responses. Furthermore, we show that TLA is highly glycosylated and glycoconjugates seem to play a role in anti-allergic effects. In summary, given the powerful modulatory effect that TLA exhibits, understanding its exact mechanisms of action may lead to the development of novel immunomodulators in clinical application.