bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emerging nondestructive approaches for meat quality and safety evaluation—A review
Authors: Khaled Alfadhl Y. , Parrish Chadwick A. , Adedeji Akinbode 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMeat is one of the most consumed agro‐products because it contains proteins, minerals, and essential vitamins, all of which play critical roles in the human diet and health. Meat is a perishable food product because of its high moisture content, and as such there are concerns about its quality, stability, and safety. There are two widely used methods for monitoring meat quality attributes: subjective sensory evaluation and chemical/instrumentation tests. However, these methods are labor‐intensive, time‐consuming, and destructive. To overcome the shortfalls of these conventional approaches, several researchers have developed fast and nondestructive techniques. Recently, electronic nose (e‐nose), computer vision (CV), spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging (HSI), and multispectral imaging (MSI) technologies have been explored as nondestructive methods in meat quality and safety evaluation. However, most of the studies on the application of these novel technologies are still in the preliminary stages and are carried out in isolation, often without comprehensive information on the most suitable approach. This lack of cohesive information on the strength and shortcomings of each technique could impact their application and commercialization for the detection of important meat attributes such as pH, marbling, or microbial spoilage. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of recent nondestructive technologies (e‐nose, CV, spectroscopy, HSI, and MSI), as well as their applications and limitations in the detection and evaluation of meat quality and safety issues, such as contamination, adulteration, and quality classification. A discussion is also included on the challenges and future outlooks of the respective technologies and their various applications.
Investigating the infant gut microbiota in developing countries: worldwide metagenomic meta‐analysis involving infants living in sub‐urban areas of Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Fontana Federico , Mancabelli Leonardo , Lugli Gabriele Andrea , Taracchini Chiara , Alessandri Giulia , Longhi Giulia , Anzalone Rosaria , Viappiani Alice , Famo Roch , Brognan Marc , Micondo Kouamé Hervé , Turroni Francesca , Ventura Marco , D'Alfonso Rossella , Milani Christian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn recent decades, infants' gut microbiota has aroused constant scientific interest, primarily due to early‐ and long‐term repercussions on the host health. In this context, nutritional challenges such as those found in less developed countries can influence infants' gut microbiota development, thus generating potentially critical health outcomes. However, comprehensive investigations regarding species‐level differences in the infant gut microbiota's composition between urbanized and rural countries are still missing. In this study, 16S rRNA and Shallow Shotgun metagenomics sequencing were exploited to dissect the microbial community's species‐level composition of 11 faecal samples collected from infants living in a semi‐urban area of Sub‐Saharan Africa, i.e. Côte d'Ivoire. Moreover, the generated data were coupled with those retrieved from public available metagenomic repositories, including two rural communities and 13 urban communities of industrialized countries. The meta‐analysis led to the identification of Infant Species Community States Type (ISCSTs) and microbial species covariances, which were exploited to reveal key signatures of infants living in rural and semi‐urban societies. Remarkably, analysis of rural and semi‐urban datasets revealed shifts from ISCSTs prevalent in urbanized populations with putative health implications. Thus, indicating the need for population‐wide investigations aimed to define the factors determining such potentially harmful gut microbial communities' signatures.
Exercise training during hemodialysis in Brazil: A national survey
Authors: Barros Fabrício Sciammarella , Pinheiro Bruno Valle , Lucinda Leda Marília Fonseca , Rezende Gabriel Ferreira , Segura‐Ortí Eva , Reboredo Maycon Moura 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTo evaluate the availability and characteristics of exercise training during hemodialysis in Brazil and to identify the reported barriers to exercise program implementation and maintenance. All dialysis units were assessed for eligibility using the database of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology. Each dialysis unit was contacted by telephone and the questions were administered. In dialysis units with exercise training, questions related to personnel involved, exercise components, and program delivery were included. Additionally, the barriers to exercise program implementation and maintenance were evaluated. This study included 261 dialysis units that responded to the survey. Forty‐one dialysis units reported exercise training during hemodialysis in Brazil (prevalence of 15.7%). We identified 66 physiotherapists and 10 exercise physiologists in dialysis units with exercise training. Resistance training was the most common program component (92.7%). Hypotension (90.5%) and muscle cramps (85.7%) were the most common adverse events reported. In dialysis units with exercise training, poor patients’ adherence to exercise was the most commonly reported barrier. The most prevalent barrier in dialysis units that tried or never tried to implement the exercise programs was a lack of resources. The number of dialysis units that have exercise training during hemodialysis in Brazil is low, and the most common program component is resistance training. A lack of resources was the most prevalent barrier in dialysis units that tried or never tried to implement the exercise programs.
Superior treatment persistence with ustekinumab in Crohn’s disease and vedolizumab in ulcerative colitis compared with anti‐TNF biological agents: real‐world registry data from the Persistence Australian National IBD Cohort (PANIC) study
Authors: Ko Yanna , Paramsothy Sudarshan , Yau Yunki , Leong Rupert W. 
Published: June 2021

SummaryBackgroundMedication persistence contributes real‐world evidence about treatment effectiveness, tolerability and prescriber and patient acceptability.AimsTo evaluate persistence of biological agents in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and the effects of immunomodulator use and treatment lines.MethodsRetrospective national population‐based data on treatment persistence for adalimumab, infliximab vedolizumab and ustekinumab for CD and UC were analysed from the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme using Kaplan‐Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsThere were 2499 patients included with 8219 person‐years of follow‐up. In CD patients ustekinumab had increased persistence compared to anti‐TNF agents (HR: 1.79, 95%CI: 1.32‐2.38, P < 0.01). Twelve‐month CD persistence rates were ustekinumab 80.0%, vedolizumab 73.5%, infliximab 68.1% and adalimumab 64.2% (P = 0.01). In moderate‐severe UC vedolizumab had increased persistence compared to anti‐TNF agents (HR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.27‐2.18 P < 0.001). Twelve‐month UC persistence rates were vedolizumab 73.4%, infliximab 61.1% and adalimumab 45.5% (P < 0.001). Immunomodulator co‐therapy did not significantly increase persistence in non‐anti‐TNF therapy (P > 0.05). Thiopurines increased persistence of anti‐TNF agents in CD (P < 0.001) and UC (P = 0.03). Methotrexate co‐therapy increased persistence of anti‐TNF agents in CD (P = 0.001) only. First‐line therapy was superior to non‐first line in persistence (P < 0.001). In fistulising CD, the persistence of infliximab and adalimumab was not significantly different (P = 0.11).ConclusionPersistence was highest in ustekinumab in CD and vedolizumab in UC. Factors which increased the persistence of biological agents are first‐line therapy, and immunomodulator co‐therapy in anti‐TNF agent use.
Impact of frailty metabolic phenotypes on the management of older people with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Abdelhafiz Ahmed H , Emmerton Demelza , Sinclair Alan J 
Published: June 2021

AimsTo provide a pathophysiological basis for distinguishing metabolic variants of the frailty phenotype in older adults with type 2 diabetes.MethodsWe have made an in‐depth review of the possible mechanisms in diabetes, ageing and frailty that will alter allow us to describe phenotypic changes which might assist in predicting responses to particular glucose‐lowering therapy.ResultsOur review has enable us to describe with some confidence a sarcopenic obese phenotype and an anorexic malnourished phenotype.ConclusionsBy identifying these two phenotypes we can predict which would be most responsive to certain classes of therapy and where therapies may be ill‐advised. This represents the first novel approach in this area. Further work is being planned to develop this hypothesis. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 614–622.
Resolution of fibrosis by siRNA HSP47 in vitamin A‐coupled liposomes induces regeneration of chronically injured livers
Authors: Sato Yasushi , Yoneda Akihiro , Shimizu Fumiko , Nishimura Miyuki , Shimoyama Rai , Tashiro Yasuyuki , Kurata Wataru , Niitsu Yoshiro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and AimIn chronic hepatic diseases where treatment strategies are not available, deposited fibrotic tissues deteriorate the intrinsic regeneration capacity of the liver by creating special restrictions. Thus, if the anti‐fibrosis modality is efficiently applied, the regeneration capacity of the liver should be reactivated even in such refractory hepatic diseases.MethodsRat liver fibrosis was induced by dimethyl‐nitrosamine (DMN). Another liver fibrosis model was established in CCl4 treated Sox9CreERT2ROSA26: YFP mice. To resolve hepatic fibrosis, vitamin A‐coupled liposomes containing siRNA HSP47 (VA‐liposome siHSP47) were employed. EpCAM + hepatic progenitor cells from GFP rats were transplanted to DMN rat liver to examine their trans‐differentiation into hepatic cells after resolution of liver fibrosis.ResultsEven under continuous exposure to such strong hepatotoxin as DMN, rats undergoing VA‐liposome siHSP47 treatment showed an increment of DNA synthesis of hepatocytes with the concomitant restoration of impaired liver weight and normalization of albumin levels. These results were consistent with the observation that GFP + EpCAM hepatic progenitor cells transplanted to DMN rat liver, trans‐differentiated into GFP + mature hepatic cells after VA‐liposome siHSP47 treatment. Another rodent model also proved regeneration potential of the fibrotic liver in CCl4 administered Sox9CreERT2ROSA26: YFP mice, VA‐liposome siHSP47 treatment‐induced restoration of liver weight and trans‐differentiation of YEP + Sox9 + cells into YFP + hepatic cells, although because of relatively mild hepatotoxicity of CCl4, undamaged hepatocytes also proliferated.ConclusionsThese results demonstrated that regeneration of chronically damaged liver indeed occurs after anti‐fibrosis treatment even under continuous exposure to hepatotoxin, which promises a significant benefit of the anti‐fibrosis therapy for refractory liver diseases.
SPOSAB ABP 501: A Sicilian Prospective Observational Study of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated with Adalimumab Biosimilar ABP 501
Authors: Macaluso Fabio Salvatore , Cappello Maria , Busacca Anita , Fries Walter , Viola Anna , Costantino Giuseppe , Magnano Antonio , Vinci Elisa , Ferracane Concetta , Privitera Antonino Carlo , Piccillo Giovita , Belluardo Nunzio , Giangreco Emiliano , Romano Claudio , Citrano Michele , Graziano Francesco , Garufi Serena , Bertolami Carmelo , Ventimiglia Marco , Scrivo Barbara , Teresi Giulia , Renna Sara , Rizzuto Giulia , Casà Angelo , Orlando Ambrogio ,   Sicilian Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (SN‐IBD)
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and AimThere are few clinical data on Adalimumab (ADA) biosimilars in inflammatory bowel disease. We aimed to perform a multicenter, observational, prospective study on safety and effectiveness of ADA biosimilar ABP 501 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.MethodsAll consecutive patients from the cohort of the Sicilian Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease treated with ADA biosimilar ABP 501 from February 2019 to February 2020 were enrolled. Patients were divided into three groups: group A, naïve to ADA and naïve to anti‐tumor necrosis factors; group B, naïve to ADA and previously exposed to anti‐tumor necrosis factors; and group C: switched from ADA originator to ABP 501.ResultsA total of 559 patients (median age 39 years; Crohn's disease 88.0%, ulcerative colitis 12.0%) were included, with a follow‐up time of 403.4 patient‐years. Thirty‐six serious adverse events occurred in 36 patients (6.4%; incidence rate [IR]: 8.9 per 100 person‐years [PY]). The IR of serious adverse events was higher among patients in group A compared with group C (17.4 vs 4.8 per 100 PY; IR ratio = 3.61; P < 0.001) and among patients in group B compared with group C (16.4 vs 4.8 per 100 PY; IR ratio = 3.42; P = 0.041). Among ADA‐naïve patients (group A + B), 188 (85.8%) had a clinical response after 12 weeks, including 165 (75.3%) who achieved steroid‐free remission. Higher treatment persistence estimates were reported for patients in group C compared with groups A and B (log–rank P < 0.001).ConclusionsSafety and effectiveness of ABP 501 seem to be overall similar to those reported for ADA originator. Switching from originator to ABP 501 was safe and effective.
Trust violations in buyer–supplier relationships: Spillovers and the contingent role of governance structures
Authors: Eckerd Stephanie , Handley Sean , Lumineau Fabrice 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBuyer–supplier relationships provide ample opportunities for trust violations to occur. Yet the literature on the impact and outcomes of violations of trust in buyer–supplier relationships is underdeveloped. In this study, we report the results from three complementary scenario‐based experiments that evaluate the impact of a supplier‐induced violation on a buyer's trust in that supplier. We establish a spillover effect of supplier integrity violations onto the buyer's competence dimension of trust, and of supplier competence violations onto the buyer's integrity dimension of trust. We also examine the role of inter‐organizational governance, finding that contractual and relational governance are differentially effective at mitigating trust damages experienced by a buyer after a supplier violation. Specifically, we observe that relational governance helps mitigate damages to buyer's trust following a supplier competence violation, whereas some evidence suggests that contractual governance serves to preserve buyer's trust following a supplier integrity violation. These findings have important theoretical and managerial implications for the management of buyer–supplier relationships. We discuss why the governance structures adopted by firms involved in a buyer–supplier relationship have distinct impacts on trust assessments following a violation.
microRNA‐17 is a tumor suppressor in oral squamous cell carcinoma and is repressed by LSD1
Authors: Wangzhou Kaixin , Fu Wanren , Li Mengmeng , Lu Zishao , Lai Zhiying , Liu Cheng , Tan Yi , Hao Chunbo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe effects of epigenetic modifiers have been uncovered on cellular reprogramming and, specifically, on sustaining characteristics of cancer stem cells. We here aim to investigate whether lysine‐specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) affects the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by sustaining the cancer stem cells from OSCC (OSCSCs).MethodsRT‐qPCR detection was firstly conducted to screen out research gene by determining differential expression of histone demethylases and methylases in identified OSCSCs. Then, microarray analysis was carried out in cells with poor expression of LSD1.ResultsOSCSCs expressed high levels of LSD1, and LSD1 inhibition reduced cell viability, migration, invasion, and sphere formation of OSCSCs. Later mechanistic studies suggested that LSD1 inhibited microRNA (miR)‐17 expression through histone demethylation. miR‐17 bound to KPNA2, and LSD1 downstream genes were mainly enriched in the PI3K/AKT pathway. Importantly, miR‐17 inhibitor reversed the inhibitory effect of si‐LSD1 on cell activity, while si‐KPNA2 abolished the promotive effect of miR‐17 inhibitor on cell activity both in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionOverall, LSD1 functions as a cancer stem cell supporter in OSCC by catalyzing demethylation of miR‐17 and activating the downstream KPNA2/PI3K/AKT pathway, which contributes to understanding of the mechanisms associated with epigenetic regulation in OSCC.
New finite volume approach for multidimensional Smoluchowski equation on nonuniform grids
Authors: Singh Mehakpreet 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis present work is based on developing a deterministic discrete formulation for the approximation of a multidimensional Smoluchowski (Coalescence) equation on a nonuniform grid. The mathematical formulation of the proposed method is simpler, easy to implement, and focuses on conserving the first‐order moment. The new scheme resolved the issue of mass conservation along individual components in contrast to the existing scheme which focuses only on conservation of the total mass of all components. The validation of the new scheme is conducted against the existing scheme by considering some classical tests. The comparison reveals that the new scheme has the ability to compute the higher‐order moments with higher accuracy than the existing scheme on a coarse grid without taking any specific measures. For the higher‐dimensional population balance equations, the mixing of components quantified using parameter is also computed accurately and efficiently using a very coarse nonuniform grid.
The importance of skin area and gender in ticklishness
Authors: Svebak Sven 
Published: June 2021

The importance of skin area and gender in ticklishness was explored in the present study. No previous report has been published on stimulation of the body surface exposed when dressed in a swimsuit (supine and prone positions), and the use of a feather has not been reported before. Fifty‐seven university students volunteered (female N = 26, age range: 19–25, mean = 22.4; male N = 31, age range: 20–26, mean = 23.1). Sessions were videotaped for scoring of local involuntary muscle contractions (IMC) and laughter. Smiles were not scored because the face was not visible in the prone position. Subjective ticklishness was scored on a visual analogue scale. Areas that gave rise to ticklishness, were hatched onto a figure of the body. A two‐factor design (gender of tickler by gender of ticklee) explored effects on dependent measures. Results showed that laughter was most frequent in female ticklees, disregarding the gender of the tickler. Subjective ticklishness and IMC scored high in opposite gender constellations. Ticklish areas included the ankles, knees, medial sides of the thighs and legs, lateral sides of the upper part of the body, elbows, the upper parts of arms, and the neck and shoulders. It was proposed that laughter in response to tickling stimulation might express gender stereotypes of socio‐expressive behavior in playful social interaction, whereas IMC and subjective ticklishness may reflect biological components of playfulness in opposite gender constellations when tickled by a feather.
Health technologies for the prevention and detection of falls in adult hospital inpatients: a scoping review
Authors: Cooper Kay , Pavlova Anastasia , Greig Leon , Swinton Paul , Kirkpatrick Pamela , Mitchelhill Fiona , Simpson Susan , Stephen Audrey , Alexander Lyndsay 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review was to examine and map the evidence relating to the reporting and evaluation of technologies for the prevention and detection of falls in adult hospital inpatients.

Introduction:
Falls are a common cause of accidental injury, leading to significant safety issues in hospitals globally, and resulting in substantial human and economic costs. Previous research has focused on community settings with less emphasis on hospital settings.

Inclusion criteria:
Participants included adult inpatients, aged 18 years and over; the concept included the use of fall-prevention or fall-detection technologies; the context included any hospital ward setting.

Methods:
This scoping review was conducted according to JBI methodology for scoping reviews, guided by an a priori protocol. A wide selection of databases including MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, Embase, PEDro, Epistimonikos, and Science Direct were searched for records from inception to October 2019. Other sources included gray literature, trial registers, government health department websites, and websites of professional bodies. Only studies in the English language were included. A three-step search strategy was employed, with all records exported for subsequent title and abstract screening prior to full-text screening. Screening was performed by two independent reviewers and data extraction by one reviewer following agreement checks. Data are presented in narrative and tabular form.

Results:
Over 13,000 records were identified with 404 included in the scoping review: 336 reported on fall-prevention technologies, 51 targeted detection, and 17 concerned both. The largest contributions of studies came from the USA (n=185), Australia (n=65), the UK (n=36), and Canada (n=18). There was a variety of study designs including 77 prospective cohort studies, 33 before-after studies, and 35 systematic reviews; however, relatively few randomized controlled trials were conducted (n = 25). The majority of records reported on multifactorial and multicomponent technologies (n = 178), followed by fall detection devices (n = 86). Few studies reported on the following interventions in isolation: fall risk assessment (n = 6), environment design (n = 8), sitters (n = 5), rounding (n = 3), exercise (n = 3), medical/pharmaceutical (n = 2), physiotherapy (n = 1), and nutritional (n = 1). The majority (57%) of studies reported clinical effectiveness outcomes, with smaller numbers (14%) reporting feasibility and/or acceptability outcomes, or cost-effectiveness outcomes (5%).

Conclusions:
This review has mapped the literature on fall-prevention and fall-detection technology and outcomes for adults in the hospital setting. Despite the volume of available literature, there remains a need for further high-quality research on fall-prevention and fall-detection technologies.