bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiosensitization of calreticulin‐overexpressing human glioma cell line by the polyphenolic acetate 7, 8‐diacetoxy‐4‐methylcoumarin
Authors: Verma Amit , Arora Aastha , Bhatt Anant N , Arya Mohan B , Prasad Ashok K , Parmar Virinder S , Dwarakanath Bilikere S 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundCalreticulin (CRT), an endoplasmic reticulum–resident protein generally overexpressed in cancer cells, is associated with radiation resistance. CRT shows higher transacetylase activity, as shown by us earlier, in the presence of the polyphenolic acetates (like 7, 8‐diacetoxy‐4‐methylcoumarin, DAMC) and modifies the activity of a number of proteins, thereby influencing cell signaling.AimTo investigate the relationship between CRT expression and radiation response in a human glioma cell line and to evaluate the radiomodifying effects of DAMC.Methods and resultsStudies were carried out in an established human glioma cell line (BMG‐1) and its isogenic clone overexpressing CRT (CROE, CRT‐overexpressing cells) by analyzing clonogenic survival, cell proliferation, micronuclei analysis, and protein levels by Western blotting as parameters of responses. CRT overexpression conferred resistance against radiation‐induced cell death in CROE cells (D37 = 7.35 Gy, D10 = 12.6 Gy and D0 = 7.25 Gy) as compared to BMG‐1 cells (D37 = 5.70 Gy, D10 = 9.2 Gy and D0 = 5.6 Gy). A lower level of radiation‐induced micronuclei formation observed in CROE cells suggested that reduced induction and/or enhanced DNA repair partly contributed to the enhanced radioresistance. Consistent with this suggestion, we noted that CRT‐mediated radioresistance was coupled with enhanced grp78 level and reduced P53 activation–mediated prodeath signaling, while no changes were noted in acetylation of histone H4. DAMC‐enhanced radiation–induced delayed (secondary) apoptosis, which was higher in CROE cells.ConclusionCRT overexpression confers resistance against radiation‐induced death of human glioma cells, which can be overcome by the polyphenolic acetate DAMC.
Bayesian stochastic configuration networks for robust data modeling
Authors: Wu Rongzhi , Lv Binyuan , Dai Chaoming , Wang Weigang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe SCN networks is incrementally generated by stochastic configuration (SC) algorithms. It randomly assigns the input weights and deviations of hidden nodes through a supervisory mechanism, which can be trained by solving linear modeling problems. The version that uses least squares to estimate the output weight performs well. This article introduces an alternative strategy for performing complete Bayesian inference (BI) of SCN networks. Different from the traditional way, the Bayesian training algorithm we proposed can obtain an entire probability distribution on the optimal output weight of the SCN networks, instead of a single pointwise estimate. The advantage of the Bayesian inference method lies in the possibility of introducing other prior knowledge during the training process, providing a way to measure uncertainty during the testing phase and the ability to automatically infer hyper‐parameters from given data. The BI algorithm proposed in this article for regression problem can be implemented through an iterative process under some practical assumptions. Experimental results show that our proposed Bayesian SCN algorithm performs well in solving data modeling problems with a large number of outliers.
Security‐centric ranking algorithm and two privacy scores to mitigate intrusive apps
Authors: Mohsen Fadi , Abdelhaq Hamed , Bisgin Halil 
Published: September 2021

SummarySmartphone users are constantly facing the risks of losing their private information to third‐party mobile applications. Studies have revealed that the vast majority of users either do not pay attention to privacy or unable to comprehend privacy messages. Developers though have exploited this fact by asking users to grant their apps an enormous number of permissions. In this article, we propose and evaluate a new security‐centric ranking algorithm built on top of the Elasticsearch engine to help users evade such apps. The algorithm calculates an intrusiveness score for an app based on its requested permissions, received system actions, and users' privacy preferences. As such, we further propose a new approach to capture these preferences. We evaluate the ranking algorithm using a million Android applications, contextual data and APK files, that we collect from the Google Play store. The results show that the scoring and reranking steps add minor overhead. Moreover, participants of the user studies gave positive feedback for the ranking algorithm and the privacy preferences solicitation approach. These results suggest that our proposed system would definitely protect the privacy of mobile users and pushes developers into requesting least amount of privileges. Still, there are many risks that endanger the users' privacy.
Wrist angle prediction under different loads based on GA‐ELM neural network and surface electromyography
Authors: Liu Yibo , Li Chengcheng , Jiang Du , Chen Baojia , Sun Nannan , Cao Yongcheng , Tao Bo , Li Gongfa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn sEMG (surface electromyography) pattern recognition, most of the research focuses on the static pattern recognition of different limbs, ignoring the importance of changing load intensity, and joint angle movement information. Traditional static qualitative pattern recognition cannot adjust the motion amplitude and load intensity, so it is of great significance to study the continuous prediction of wrist angle under different load intensities. Based on the correlation between the surface EMG signal and the joint angle signal, the article is based on the neural network to identify and predict the wrist angle under different loads continuously quantitatively. The sEMG signal in this article was collected with the approval and review of the Ethics Committee and the people's informed consent. Since qualitative pattern recognition cannot adjust the wrist movement range and the different load training intensity, the article establishes an angle prediction model based on a genetic algorithm to optimize the extreme learning machine (ELM). In addition, the article analyzes the influence of different loads on the continuous prediction accuracy of the wrist angle, realizes the continuous quantitative angle of the precise wrist prediction. Experimental analysis shows that the wrist joint angle predicted by the ELM optimized based on genetic algorithm is close to the actual angle, and the average error is about 5.96 degrees.
Recent Advances in Polymer‐Containing Multifunctional Phase‐Change Materials
Authors: Liu Changhui , Zhang Jiahao , Liu Qingyi , Sun Wenjie , Yan Yu , Zhang Haiyue 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPhase‐change materials (PCMs) play a key role in thermal energy storage owing to their high‐energy storage density and small temperature fluctuation during the phase‐transition stage. Polymers, either as a supporting material to prevent liquid leakage during the phase‐change process or used with specific target, have been widely recognized in the fabrication of PCM composites. In the meantime, due to the continued demand for variety of PCMs, a single thermal energy storage function seems to be insufficient to meet these needs. Thanks to the good compatibility with PCMs and the structural adjustable properties of polymers, they have been broadly used as the second component in the multifunctional PCMs composite. In this Review, strategies for multifunctional PCMs supported by polymers and their potential energy applications, such as thermal energy harvesting and storage, shape memory, wearable devices, self‐cleaning, and other forms of applications, are summarized comprehensively. The future research directions and challenges of multifunctional PCMs with polymers are also discussed.
Recent Advances of Catalytic Effects in Cathode Materials for Room‐Temperature Sodium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Li Sijie , Han Yu , Ge Peng , Yang Yue 
Published: September 2021

AbstractElectrocatalysts in room‐temperature sodium‐sulfur (RT‐Na/S) have captured numerous attention. But, they suffered from shuttle effect and surface passivation. RT‐Na/S show inferior energy‐storage abilities, ascribed to the larger radii of Na‐ions. Herein, the vigorous review is displayed from different kinds of metal‐based traits, containing single metal, metal‐based samples, and multifunctional hybrids. Through the controlling of structures and composition, the conversion reaction about liquid/solid phases would be enhanced, accompanied by the enhancements of cycling stabilities and rate properties, which enables the break‐through of practical applications. The in‐depth influences of catalytic effects on the Na‐S reaction mechanism and the corresponding electrochemical performance in recently representative works are systematically reviewed. Particularly, this review is anticipated to propose potential research directions for further enhancement of RT‐Na/S batteries.
Eliminating the Detrimental Effect of Secondary Doping on PEDOT : PSS Hole Transporting Material Performance
Authors: Li Yuda , Li Qi , Wang Xunchang , Fu Qingyao , Hu Ci , Qiu Xianliang , Li Tianjin , Wang Feng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSecondary doping has a long history of use in conductivity enhancement in poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) : poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT : PSS). However, very little research has addressed its detrimental effect on application performance of PEDOT : PSS in organic solar cells. Herein, it was shown that the uneven drying of secondary dopant‐water mixture results in a nonuniform/continuous film structure, causing severe damage to the device efficiencies (dropping about 8 and 23 % for poly[(2,6‐(4,8‐bis(5‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)‐benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b’]dithiophene))‐alt‐(5,5‐(1’,3’‐di‐2‐thienyl‐5’,7’‐bis(2‐ethylhexyl)benzo[1’,2’‐c:4’,5’‐c’]dithiophene‐4,8‐dione))] (PBDB‐T) : 3,9‐bis(2‐methylene‐(3‐(1,1‐dicyanomethylene)‐indanone))‐5,5,11,11‐tetrakis(4‐hexylphenyl)‐dithieno[2,3‐d:2’,3’‐d’]‐s‐indaceno[1,2‐b:5,6‐b’]dithiophene (ITIC) and poly[(2,6‐(4,8‐bis(5‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐4‐fluorothiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithio‐phene))‐co‐(1,3‐di(5‐thiophene‐2‐yl)‐5,7‐bis(2‐ethylhexyl)‐benzo[1,2‐c:4,5‐c′]dithiophene‐4,8‐dione))](PM6) : (3,9‐bis(1‐oxo‐2‐methylene‐3‐(1,1‐dicyanomethylene)‐5,6‐difluoroindanone)‐5,5,11,11‐tetrakis(4‐n‐hexylphenyl)‐dithieno[2,3d:2′,3′d′]‐s‐indaceno[1,2b:5,6b’]dithiophene (IT‐4F) cells, respectively) and thermal stabilities. Moreover, a simple yet robust dialysis treatment was proposed to solve the issue of noncontinuity and retain the secondary doping's advantages of quinoid structure simultaneously, thus demonstrating a significant enhancement in device performance. This study will be of great importance to the future exploration of the next generation of post‐treatment strategy.
Simplicial computation: A methodology to compute vector–vector multiplications with reduced complexity
Authors: Julian P. , Andreou A. G. , Villemur M. , Rodriguez N. 
Published: September 2021

SummaryIn this paper, we propose the use of the simplicial algorithm, originally proposed to implement piecewise‐linear functions, to compute a digital vector–vector multiplication (VVM) without multiplications. The main contributions of the proposed methodology are (a) an improved error propagation with respect to parameter quantization; (b) a more efficient digital implementation with respect to area, energy, and speed in the case of large number of inputs; and (c) an intrinsic capability to produce multivariable nonlinear processing. We show that when quantization of inputs and parameters are considered, the simplicial method achieves the same accuracy with fewer representation bits for the parameters, assuming the same quantization for the inputs. Actually, in the particular case of a large number of inputs, the simplicial method needs half the number of parameter bits of a linear combination plus one.
Spontaneous regression of a rectal tonsil presenting as a large submucosal tumor
Authors: Matsui Toru , Naitoh Eri , Furutani Kengo , Katoh Tomoji , Kobayashi Katsuya , Sekigawa Kenichiro , Mitsui Hiroshi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRectal tonsils are localized hyperplastic lymphoid tissues in the rectum, and the initial endoscopic findings are consistent with those for neoplastic lesions. However, rectal tonsils are benign entities, and the diagnosis should be made cautiously. A 70‐year‐old man presented with pain on defecation with rectal bleeding. Colonoscopy revealed a 3‐cm protruding mass in the rectum with mucosal erosion, but no malignant features were observed on forceps biopsy. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) showed that the lesion was a hypoechoic mass without blood flow. Fine needle aspiration under EUS revealed no malignant components, although the size of the lesion had shrunk, and symptoms, such as blood‐stained stool, tenesmus, and discomfort during defecation, had resolved. A second forceps biopsy showed intermediate‐sized lymphocytes without lymphoepithelial lesions. Based on immunostaining, the lesion was diagnosed as a rectal tonsil.Rectal tonsils occur due to localized proliferation of reactive lymphoid follicles in the submucosa or muscularis mucosa. However, endoscopic diagnosis is difficult since less invasive treatment is performed for neoplastic lesions of the rectum to preserve the function of the anal sphincter. Diagnosis and treatment of small lesions might be possible by endoscopic resection; however, for relatively large lesions, formulating a diagnosis based only on biopsy specimens becomes even more difficult. Therefore, repeated biopsies might be helpful for the diagnosis of rectal tonsils and for excluding other neoplasms.
Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle biopsy for the diagnosis of gastric linitis plastica
Authors: Takahashi Kosuke , Yasuda Ichiro , Hanaoka Tatsuyuki , Hayashi Yuka , Araki Yasuhiro , Motoo Iori , Kajiura Shinya , Ando Takayuki , Fujinami Haruka , Tajiri Kazuto , Minemura Masami , Takahara Terumi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report two cases of patients with gastric linitis plastica (GLP), in which the histopathological diagnosis was made by endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle biopsy (EUS‐FNB) using a Franseen‐tip needle. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy findings showed mucosal swelling and poor distensibility of the gastric antrum. Abdominal computed tomography findings showed significant thickening of the gastric wall at the antrum. Conventional endoscopic and bite‐on‐bite biopsy were attempted but resulted in failure to diagnose the lesions. We performed EUS‐FNB to obtain histopathological samples from a deeper site, which confirmed the diagnosis. We considered this method safe and effective for the diagnosis of GLP.
Two Lead‐Free Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Halides: Exploring Dielectric Switching and Photoluminescence Integrated in Crystals
Authors: Cao Teng‐Fei , Xiao Hao , Xu Zhi‐Huang , Ye Li‐Wang , Wang Yuan‐Jie , Zhuang Xin‐Xin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOrganic‐inorganic hybrid halides have attracted widespread attention in optics, electricity, magnetism. In particular, some of them can have a combination of luminescence and switching characteristics, providing a potential for a single device unit to meet multiple application requirements. Herein, we reported two novel organic‐inorganic hybrid single‐crystals (CTA)2ZnCl4 (1; CTA=3‐chloro‐2‐hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium) and (CTA)2[InCl5(H2O)] ⋅ H2O (2), exhibiting long lifetime blue emission upon UV excitation. Systematic characterizations of the compounds including crystal structure, phase transition, thermal, and photoluminescence properties were carried out. DSC tests detected that 1 had a reversible phase transition accompanied by obvious heat anomaly, at 411/391 K on the heating/cooling process, leading to its good switchable dielectric response with striking anisotropy along various crystallographic axis. This work offered a new example on the effective design of multifunctional response materials.
Electrochemical Detection of Epinephrine Based on a Screen‐printed Electrode Modified with NiO−ERGO Nanocomposite Film
Authors: Gunes Ozlem , Sarilmaz Adem , Bas Salih Zeki , Ozmen Mustafa , Ozel Faruk , Ersoz Mustafa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study presents a new electrochemical sensor (NiO−ERGO/SPE) for sensitive and selective detection of epinephrine (EPI) on the screen‐printed electrode (SPE) which is modified with a nanocomposite film consisting of electrochemically reduced graphene oxide and NiO nanoparticles. After surface functionalization, structural and electrochemical characterization of NiO−ERGO film, DPV signals of NiO−ERGO/SPE towards the oxidation of EPI exhibited a linear correlation in the concentration range of 0.025 μM to 175 μM with a detection limit of 0.015 μM, which reveals NiO−ERGO film is manifested a good electrocatalytic activity for EPI detection compared with the previous reports. The selectivity of NiO−ERGO film was also tested on a very wide scale of possible interferents (ascorbic acid, uric acid, dopamine, lactic acid, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Zn2+). Moreover, to evaluate the applicability of the proposed sensor for real sample analysis, NiO−ERGO/SPE was successfully utilized for the determination of EPI in pharmaceutical samples.
In Vivo Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide in Brain and Cell
Authors: Cheng Shuwen , Zhang Li , Zhang Meining 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S), is proposed as a cytoprotectant and gasotransmitter, involving in many physiological processes and regulating of some diseases. In addition, H2S is a small molecular with a minimum of steric hindrance compared with other reactive sulfur species. In physiological atmosphere, H2S is mainly existent in HS−, which has a strong nucleophilicity and reducing potency. It also can precipitate with some metal ions forming metallic sulfides with high precipitation coefficient. In recent years, the researchers have a desire to develop methods to achieve real‐time detection of H2S in vivo, further understanding the physiology and pathology of H2S. In this minireview, we summarize recent progress for detecting of H2S in brain or cell and briefly expound the principle of methods with the comparison of the different methods between performance and temporal resolution.
Reliable Prediction of the Octanol–Air Partition Ratio
Authors: Baskaran Sivani , Lei Ying Duan , Wania Frank 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The octanol–air equilibrium partition ratio (KOA) is frequently used to describe the volatility of organic chemicals, whereby n-octanol serves as a substitute for a variety of organic phases ranging from organic matter in atmospheric particles and soils, to biological tissues such as plant foliage, fat, blood, and milk, and to polymeric sorbents. Because measured KOA values exist for just over 500 compounds, most of which are nonpolar halogenated aromatics, there is a need for tools that can reliably predict this parameter for a wide range of organic molecules, ideally at different temperatures. The ability of five techniques, specifically polyparameter linear free energy relationships (ppLFERs) with either experimental or predicted solute descriptors, EPISuite's KOAWIN, COSMOtherm, and OPERA, to predict the KOA of organic substances, either at 25 °C or at any temperature, was assessed by comparison with all KOA values measured to date. In addition, three different ppLFER equations for KOA were evaluated, and a new modified equation is proposed. A technique's performance was quantified with the mean absolute error (MAE), the root mean square error (RMSE), and the estimated uncertainty of future predicted values, that is, the prediction interval. We also considered each model's applicability domain and accessibility. With an RMSE of 0.37 and a MAE of 0.23 for predictions of log KOA at 25 °C and RMSE of 0.32 and MAE of 0.21 for predictions made at any temperature, the ppLFER equation using experimental solute descriptors predicted the KOA the best. Even if solute descriptors must be predicted in the absence of experimental values, ppLFERs are the preferred method, also because they are easy to use and freely available. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3166–3180. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Identification of specific clinical risk factors associated with the malignant transformation of oral epithelial dysplasia
Authors: Kierce Justin , Shi Yuliang , Klieb Hagen , Blanas Nick , Xu Wei , Magalhaes Marco 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundFactors that increase the risk of malignant transformation of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) are not completely elucidated.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed assessing risk factors for transformation of OED, and cancer staging for transformed cases at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre.ResultsTwo‐hundred four patients were diagnosed with OED, and 16.7% (34) underwent malignant transformation. Risk factors associated with transformation included: heavy tobacco smoking, excessive EtOH consumption, non‐homogenous leukoplakia, size >200 mm2, moderate dysplasia or greater than moderate, progression of dysplasia grades, and immunosuppression. Transformed cases followed for a dysplastic lesion were associated with a stage‐I cancer diagnosis, and cancer cases with no prior biopsy were associated with a stage‐IV diagnosis.ConclusionsIn addition to commonly cited risk factors, immunosuppression was associated with malignant transformation, including the use of topical steroids. Analyzing risk factors can help clinicians define risk of progression in patients with OED.
Impacts of massive pumping on flood processes in polders—with a case study on Lannihu basin in the Dongting Lake District, China
Authors: Liu Jinxin , Cao Zhixian , Liao Xiaohong , Li Xichun , He Fangzhou , Wang Weijun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFlooding risk in polders is dictated by not only rainfall, topography, and land use, but also massive pumping. Unfortunately, existing models are inadequate for resolving floods as water transfer due to pumping is insufficiently accounted for. Here an improved hydrological model (MGB‐MP) is proposed under the framework of the large‐scale hydrological model (MGB) based on the principle of water balance, explicitly incorporating massive pumping within a polder and also out to external rivers. The proposed model is calibrated and validated for the Lannihu basin, a typical polder with an area of 1353 km2 and 126 pumping stations in the Dongting Lake District, China and surrounded by Xiangjiang River and Zishui River. The model performs fairly well, with Nash‐Sutcliffe efficiencies concerning water levels over 0.76 for the calibration and over 0.73 for the validation. The model is applied to the Lannihu basin under different pumping station settings and rainfall scenarios to unravel how and to what extent massive pumping affects the flood processes as characterized by water levels and discharge hydrographs. It is shown that massive pumping considerably alters the discharge hydrographs and accordingly leads to substantial decrease in the water levels of rivers, which are independent unit‐polders, due to water transfer between unit‐polders within the basin and out of the basin. The closer the unit‐polders are to pumping stations, the more the water levels in unit‐polders decrease. The water levels in unit‐polders away from a pumping station is affected by the pumping station capacity to a greater extent than the pumping station's threshold water level for initiating pumping.