bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatic steatosis relates to gastrointestinal microbiota changes in obese girls with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Jobira Beza , Frank Daniel N. , Silveira Lori J. , Pyle Laura , Kelsey Megan M. , Garcia-Reyes Yesenia , Robertson Charles E. , Ir Diana , Nadeau Kristen J. , Cree-Green Melanie 
Published: January 2021

Objective
Hepatic steatosis (HS) is common in adolescents with obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Gut microbiota are altered in adults with obesity, HS, and PCOS, which may worsen metabolic outcomes, but similar data is lacking in youth.

Methods
Thirty-four adolescents with PCOS and obesity underwent stool and fasting blood collection, oral glucose tolerance testing, and MRI for hepatic fat fraction (HFF). Fecal bacteria were profiled by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Results
50% had HS (N = 17, age 16.2±1.5 years, BMI 38±7 kg/m2, HFF 9.8[6.5, 20.7]%) and 50% did not (N = 17, age 15.8±2.2 years, BMI 35±4 kg/m2, HFF 3.8[2.6, 4.4]%). The groups showed no difference in bacterial α-diversity (richness p = 0.202; evenness p = 0.087; and diversity p = 0.069) or global difference in microbiota (β-diversity). Those with HS had lower % relative abundance (%RA) of Bacteroidetes (p = 0.013), Bacteroidaceae (p = 0.009), Porphyromonadaceae (p = 0.011), and Ruminococcaceae (p = 0.008), and higher Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes (F:B) ratio (47.8% vs. 4.3%, p = 0.018) and Streptococcaceae (p = 0.034). Bacterial taxa including phyla F:B ratio, Bacteroidetes, and family Bacteroidaceae, Ruminococcaceae and Porphyromonadaceae correlated with metabolic markers.

Conclusions
Obese adolescents with PCOS and HS have differences in composition of gut microbiota, which correlate with metabolic markers, suggesting a modifying role of gut microbiota in HS and PCOS.
A simple, clinically applicable motor learning protocol to increase push-off during gait: A proof-of-concept
Authors: Bertrand-Charette Michaël , Nielsen Jens Bo , Bouyer Laurent J. 
Published: January 2021

Objective
Task-specific training is often used in functional rehabilitation for its potential to improve performance at locomotor tasks in neurological populations. As push-off impairment are often seen with these patients, this functional approach shows potential to retrain gait overground to normalize the gait pattern and retrain the ability to improve gait speed. The main objective of this project was to validate, in healthy participants, a simple, low-cost push-off retraining protocol based on task-specific training that could be implemented during overground walking in the clinic.

Methods
30 healthy participants walked in an 80-meter long corridor before, during, and after the application of an elastic resistance to the right ankle. Elastic tubing attached to the front of a modified ankle-foot orthosis delivered the resistance during push-off. Relative ankle joint angular displacements were recorded bilaterally and continuously during each walking condition.

Results
On the resisted side, participants presented aftereffects (increased peak plantarflexion angle from 13.4±4.2° to 20.0±6.4°, p<0.0001 and increased peak plantarflexion angular velocity from 145.8±22.7°/s to 174.4±37.4°/s, p<0.0001). On the non-resisted side, aftereffects were much smaller than on the resisted side suggesting that the motor learning process was mainly specific to the trained leg.

Conclusion
This study shows the feasibility of modifying push-off kinematics using an elastic resistance applied at the ankle while walking overground. This approach represents an interesting venue for future gait rehabilitation.
Association of serum adiponectin and myostatin levels with skeletal muscle in patients with obesity: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kurose Satoshi , Onishi Katsuko , Takao Nana , Miyauchi Takumi , Takahashi Kazuhisa , Kimura Yutaka 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundAdiponectin has been reported to be associated with lower skeletal muscle mass and skeletal strength and may be involved in skeletal muscle regulation along with myostatin. This study aims to evaluate the association between serum adiponectin and myostatin levels and identify independent factors using body composition and metabolic parameters in patients with obesity.MethodsOverall, 148 patients (age, 45.9 ± 14.3 years, body mass index, 37.2 ± 8.0 kg/m2) who initially visited the outpatient clinic of obesity between November 2013 and November 2019 were included. Body composition was measured using InBody 720 and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. In addition, muscle strength, vascular function, and metabolic parameters were measured. Serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, myostatin, and irisin were measured from blood samples.ResultsThe serum adiponectin level was 2.9 μg/mL (1.7–4.1 μg/mL), and the serum myostatin level was 2398.4 pg/mL (1,777.1–2952.5 pg/mL). The stepwise regression analysis revealed less leg strength, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and C-reactive protein as an independent predictor of serum adiponectin levels based on the significance of the univariate analysis (R2= 0.190, P < 0.001). A high appendicular lean mass/body weight, reactive hyperemia index, and irisin were independent factors for serum myostatin levels (R2= 0.260, P < 0.001)ConclusionThe serum adiponectin level was associated with less muscle strength. Although serum myostatin was associated with a high appendicular lean mass, it is possible that myostatin was regulated by the percentage of body weight from appendicular lean mass.
Identity Discourses About Spain and Catalonia in News Media: Understanding Modern Secessionism, Clara Juárez Miró (2020)
Authors: Martínez-Expósito Alfredo 
Published: January 2021

Review of: Identity Discourses About Spain and Catalonia in News Media: Understanding Modern Secessionism, Clara Juárez Miró (2020)
Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, xii+182 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-79360-964-9, h/bk, $90.00, £69.00
Empagliflozin-Associated Pancreatitis: A Consideration for SGLT2 Inhibitors
Authors: Dziadkowiec Karolina N. , Stawinski Peter M. , Proenza Jose 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Empagliflozin belongs to a class of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, a medication approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2014 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Well-known side effects of this medication include symptomatic hypotension, hypoglycemia, and urinary tract infections among others. We present a case of severe epigastric abdominal pain consistent with acute pancreatitis in the setting of empagliflozin use, suggesting a possible drug-induced acute pancreatitis.
"O coração precisa ser pego de surpresa para ser incriminado"
Authors: Mota Lopes Mariana 
Published: January 2021

O que separa os conceitos de erotismo e pornografia é algo tão indefinível e tão tênue quanto o que delimita o que é arte. Para o senso comum, a ideia de que o texto erótico tem maior preocupação com a forma e a linguagem utilizada é mais difundida; pensa-se que, ao contrário dos textos pornográficos, a preocupação e o objetivo maior do texto não seriam apenas a excitação do leitor, mas também a criação artística e a expressão literária.
Mas existem textos que, mesmo possuindo muitas das características comumente atribuídas a textos pornográficos, são tidos como eróticos. O contrário também pode ser observado. É nesse ponto que começa nossa análise. O que, então, determina quais textos recebem qual rótulo, ou melhor: quem determina.
A partir da análise do conto de Natalia Borges Polesso, O coração precisa ser pego de surpresa para ser incriminado, e das teses acerca do que seria erotismo e pornografia e o que os diferencia, buscamos chegar à conclusão de que, na verdade, o que diferencia os dois tipos de texto não são suas características, mas sim o leitor que, a partir de seus ideais e experiências determinará, para si, se o que lê é erótico ou pornográfico.
Quando as Mulheres Amam
Authors: Machado Silveira Gabriela , De Abreu Barbosa Adriana Maria 
Published: January 2021

Esse trabalho objetiva analisar criticamente a produção discursiva de duas escritoras nordestinas, a saber: Rachel de Queiroz e Heleusa Câmara. Especificamente, busca-se averiguar como três personagens femininas em obras dessas autoras lidam com o amor romântico, se alguma delas o rejeita, critica, ou o tem como objetivo de vida.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Amor romântico. Gênero. Literatura de Autoria Feminina.
Definindo meninas e meninos
Authors: Castelliano de Vasconcelos Dalila , Cavalcante Borges Lucivanda , Maria Ribeiro Salomão Nádia 
Published: January 2021

A pesquisa analisa as concepções de pais, mães e educadoras de crianças de 24 e 36 meses de idade da cidade de João Pessoa-PB, sobre o que é ser menina e ser menino, identificando o lugar que a afetividade ocupa nessas definições. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Afeto. Gênero. Primeira Infância.
RISKY BEHAVIOR AS A FORM OF AUTOAGGRESSION IN ADOLESCENTS. THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Grigoreva Aleksandrina Andreevna 
Published: January 2021

Risky behavior is considered in constructive and destructive aspects. The constructive aspect consists of adaptation to the dynamics of modern life. The destructive aspect is about the desire for danger, adventure, that leads to a threat to health and mental health. The problem of risky behavior as a manifestation of autoaggression is particularly relevant in the period of adolescence from 10 to 16 years. About 70 % of adolescent deaths are caused by risk-taking. Aim. The purpose of this work is to study the concepts of risky behavior, its types and prevention. Results. Risky behavior is a form of deviant behavior if it does not meet the standards adopted in a particular society at a certain time and involves an objective danger to the individual. In this regard, this behavior is considered as one of the manifestations of autoaggression. Adolescent risky behavior is caused by a number of biological, psychological, social, and spiritual factors. From an existential perspective, risky behavior is a choice made without reference to the value of one's own life. A teenager's perception of risk is associated with overcoming the fear of death, trying to take control of the situation. The types of autoaggressive risky behavior include ignoring traffic rules, offenses, casual sexual relations and unprotected sex, as well as the use of psychoactive substances. Conclusion. Adolescent risky behavior is a normative phenomenon of age, which under the influence of a number of adverse factors is modified into autoaggressive forms. Autoaggressive risky behavior is a way to regulate the fear of death and existential anxiety. This destructive behavior allows the adolescent to experience a surrogate sense of self-actualization: “I was able”, “I coped”, “I am successful”, which later forms a special way of responding to difficult life situations – addressing the topic of death as a way out of the crisis. An integral part of prevention of self-injurious, risk-taking behaviors of adolescents needs to be existential and personalized approach.
Mediateka Babel. YouTube jako temat, rama formalna i platforma sztuki
Authors: Wójtowicz Ewa 
Published: January 2021

The text focuses on the specific features of the so-called 'cinematic turn' within the scope of visual culture emergent within the YouTube platform, particularly during its first, formative years. This turn takes place on the meta-level of the existing circulation of content enabled by YouTube, often being an autothematic reflection on this tool of cultural production. The vernacular aesthetics, a specific formal framework and a particular modus operandi of YouTube became the subject of artistic statements, sometimes in a form of subversive remix. Therefore I think of YouTube as a realm of art because of its meta-media practice that made the cinematic turn visible. It does not rely on straightforwardly understood production of (moving) images, but postproduction, as understood by Nicolas Bourriaud. Moreover, the cinematic turn taking place within YouTube is different from the one practised by the avant-garde of 20th century, due its being not “seeing” or “writing” (as Dziga Vertov understood montage) but rather “overwriting”, to use language more adequate to the described sphere of digital culture. Artists use YouTube as an open library, working with its resources, applying techniques such as postproduction, remix, re-contextualisation and appropriation. Therefore it becomes a multimedia library, a “Mediateca Babel” of a kind, to recall J. L. Borges' idea. The examples mentioned in the text are of a postproductional nature, such as to-camera-performance and subversive “overwriting” of contents enabled with the circulationism typical for social media. Equally important are the strategies of recognising the cultural framework of YouTube, in the context of 20th-century media art history, as well as the platform’s interface. Also, there is the issue of relations between vernacular creativity and the art system because of “capturing” the amateur-generated content and transferring it to mainstream artworld. These examples let me argue that the cinematic turn is a form of postproduction, which enables the hidden mechanisms behind the circulation of moving images in the overloaded global network. The cinematic turn in the context of YouTube does not mean that cinema and its language are at home within this platform. Also, the meta-artistic way of “making” platform art does not turn YouTube into “art platform” (as understood by Olga Goriunova). Nevertheless, platform art may happen in this context as a result of working with the cinematic turn in its vernacular aspect, which makes it possible to reveal its key features and move them to the meta-level.
NMDA Receptors Enhance the Fidelity of Synaptic Integration
Authors: Li Chenguang , Gulledge Allan T. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractExcitatory synaptic transmission in many neurons is mediated by two coexpressed ionotropic glutamate receptor subtypes, AMPA and NMDA receptors, that differ in kinetics, ion selectivity, and voltage-sensitivity. AMPA receptors have fast kinetics and are voltage-insensitive, while NMDA receptors have slower kinetics and increased conductance at depolarized membrane potentials. Here, we report that the voltage dependency and kinetics of NMDA receptors act synergistically to stabilize synaptic integration of EPSPs across spatial and voltage domains. Simulations of synaptic integration in simplified and morphologically realistic dendritic trees revealed that the combined presence of AMPA and NMDA conductances reduce the variability of somatic responses to spatiotemporal patterns of excitatory synaptic input presented at different initial membrane potentials and/or in different dendritic domains. This moderating effect of the NMDA conductance on synaptic integration was robust across a wide range of AMPA-to-NMDA ratios, and results from synergistic interaction of NMDA kinetics (which reduces variability across membrane potential) and voltage dependence (which favors stabilization across dendritic location). When combined with AMPA conductance, the NMDA conductance compensates for voltage-dependent and impedance-dependent changes in synaptic driving force, and distance-dependent attenuation of synaptic potentials arriving at the axon, to increase the fidelity of synaptic integration and EPSP-spike coupling across both neuron state (i.e., initial membrane potential) and dendritic location of synaptic input. Thus, synaptic NMDA receptors convey advantages for synaptic integration that are independent of, but fully compatible with, their importance for coincidence detection and synaptic plasticity.
Parenting and Family Conflict with Dating Violence among youth in Yogyakarta
Authors: Ayu Suci Musvita , Triyani Lisa 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang:Kekerasan dalam berpacaran tergolong dalam suatu bentuk perilaku menyimpang remaja yang kasusnya biasa terjadi di lingkungan sekitar namun terkadang tidak disadari baik itu oleh korban atau bahkan oleh pelakunya sendiri. Kekerasan dalam pacaran dapat membawa dampak negatif pada korbannya.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian cross sectional dengan analisis chi square. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 147 orang yang diperoleh dengan teknik proportional random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner untuk mengukur pola asuh orang tua dan konflik dalam keluarga.Hasil:Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwaada hubungan pola asuh orang tua (p = 0,014; RP = 0,691) dengan kejadian kekerasan dalam pacaran. Dan tidak ada hubungan antara konflik dalam keluarga (p = 0,102; RP = 1,789) dengan kejadian kekerasan dalam pacaran.Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan kejadian kekerasan dalam pacaran.Tidak ada hubungan antara konflik dalam keluarga dengan kejadian kekerasan dalam pacaran. ABSTRACTBackground: Violence in dating is classified as a form of deviant adolescents associated with the case is common in the surrounding environment but is not well realized by the victims or even by the perpetrators themselves. Violence in dating can have a negative impact on the victim.Method: This study used a cross sectional study design with chi square analysis. The research sample was obtained by 147 people obtained by proportional random sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire to measure parenting and family conflict.Results: The results of the study showed the relationship between parenting (p = 0.014; RP = 0.691) with violence in dating. And there is no relationship between conflict in the family (p = 0.102; RP = 1.789) with the incidence of violence in dating.Conclusion: There was a relationship between parenting parents with the incidence of violence in dating. There was no relationship between conflict in the family with violence in dating.
Teenage Pregnancy as a Risk Factor of Stunting and Wasting among Children Aged 6-23 Months in Indonesia (IFLS 5 Analysis Study)
Authors: Syah Justiyulfah , Wahab Abdul , Kandarina BJ. Istiti 
Published: January 2021

Abstrak. Stunting dan wasting saling terkait dengan peningkatan mortalitas terutama ketika keduanya dialami oleh anak yang sama serta meningkatnya angka kematian dan kesakitan perinatal di Indonesia diakibatkan oleh kehamilan dan kelahiran pada usia remaja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis besarnya risiko kehamilan usia remaja terhadap kejadian stunting dan wasting pada anak usia 6-24 bulan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain nested case-control study dengan menganalisis data Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) periode ke-5. Hasil analisis bivariabel kejadian stunting dan wasting tidak berhubungan secara statistik terhadap kehamilan usia remaja dengan nilai p=0, 39 (OR=1, 30; CI 95 = 0, 67-2, 48). Hasil analisis multivariat kejadian stunting dan wasting dengan kehamilan usia remaja dengan mengikut sertakan variabel berat badan lahir, tinggi badan ibu, penyakit infeksi, dan lokasi tempat tinggal tidak berhubungan secara statistik dengan nilai p=0,47 (OR=1,25; 95% CI=0,67-2,35). Penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa tidak berhubungan secara statistik antara kehamilan usia remaja dengan kejadian stunting dan wasting, namun tetap di perlukan startegi untuk menurunkan angka kehamilan usia remaja melalui sosialisasi dan edukasi bahaya pernikahan dini guna mendapatkan generasi dengan status kesehatan yang lebih baik.
Urbicidio: sobre la violencia contemporánea contra las ciudades
Authors: Aguirre Moreno Arturo , Báez Gil Eduardo Yahir 
Published: January 2021

El siguiente artículo se propone la aproximación, desde la filosofía, a uno de los problemas contemporáneos más relevantes de la violencia política: el urbicidio, concepto que señala la destrucción de las ciudades. El análisis desarrollado deconstruye conceptualmente las implicaciones que tienen para los tiempos de globalización bélica y armamentos tecnológicos una serie de prácticas estructuradas, consensuadas y abiertamente aceptadas que, bajo los neologismos de renovación, modernidad y progreso aniquila las formas de habitar de una comunidad históricamente articulada, en la íntima relación de los habitantes con una ciudad determinada. Este trabajo responde a la siguiente pregunta: ¿qué se acaba o qué se pierde cuando se destruye una ciudad? Esto es lo que el urbicidio nos permite comprender desde el enfoque filosófico en acercamientos categoriales como son el espacio, el cuerpo y el habitar, e irradia hacia temas de comprensión ontológica, cultural, política, social y ética.
La violación originaria. Fenomenología del cuerpo sexualmente abusado
Authors: Venebra Muñoz Marcela 
Published: January 2021

La tesis central que desarrolla este artículo es que la violencia sexual es una posibilidad fundada en las condiciones —históricas— constitutivas del cuerpo femenino, esto es, que la violencia sexual en contra de las mujeres es posible por la «disponibilidad» de sus cuerpos. La disponibilidad de los cuerpos como condición de la violación sexual se instaura en tres momentos o fases principales: 1) la determinación histórico-espiritual de la identidad subjetiva femenina como fundada en la materialidad de su cuerpo —en sus especificidad o diferencia reproductiva—; 2) la configuración socialmente ambigua de la diferencia del «yo-puedo femenino» de la reproducción y la sensualidad; y 3) el abuso sexual reafirma la disponibilidad histórico-constitutiva del género de modo tal, que la violación sexúa al género como vulnerable, instituye o añade un significado envolvente de lo femenino como vulnerable. Ser un cuerpo-otro es ser, originariamente, un cuerpo disponible, violable, en esencia, sexualmente vulnerable.
Personalidad dual y esquizofrenia en personajes de literatura centroamericana contemporánea
Authors: Sun Junchi 
Published: January 2021

Para el desarrollo del tema se eligió una obra costarricense y otra salvadoreña, que desde un punto de vista literario visibilizan aspectos de la sociedad centroamericana en la que existen problemas de violencia, machismo, represión social y delincuencia. Mediante un estudio comparativo y desde la teoría del rizoma, propuesta por Deleuze y Guattari, se analiza el comportamiento del protagonista de cada obra, que presenta características propias de una personalidad dual o esquizofrénica en esa sociedad.
Kebijakan Eropa terhadap Pendanaan, Kurikulum, dan Guru Sekolah Islam
Authors: Kholis Nur , Praja Tatag Satria 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap kebijakan negara-negara Eropa, seperti Belanda, Inggris, Jerman, Prancis, dan Swedia, terhadap sekolah Islam. Fokus kajian mencakup tiga hal yang saling terkait, yaitu kebijakan terhadap pendanaan pendidikan, kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI), dan pemberdayaan guru PAI. Data dari literatur yang relevan dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan analitis-komparatif. Temuan inti kajian ini sebagai betikut. Pertama, berkaitan dengan pendanaan, Belanda dan Swedia mendanai semua sekolah Islam; Inggris dan Prancis hanya mendanai sekolah Islam yang benar-benar mengikuti peraturan pendidikan nasional; dan Jerman mendanai hanya gaji guru PAI. Kedua, untuk kebijakan kurikulum, Jerman dan Inggris memasukkan PAI di sekolah umum; Belanda dan Swedia meyerahkan kurikulum PAI kepada masing-masing sekolah Islam; sedangkan Prancis mengintegrasikan PAI ke dalam matapelajaran lain di sekolah publik. Ketiga, berkaitan dengan guru, Belanda mewajibkan guru PAI mengikuti pelatihan keguruan bersertifikat di universitas; Inggris dan Swedia mewajibkan mereka mengambil kursus ilmu pendidikan setingkat pascasarjana; Prancis mengaruskan mereka mengambil matakuliah yang memuat topik agama; dan Jerman mewajibkan mereka mengambil kuliah teologi Islam.