bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ALDH1 Immunohistochemical expression and its association with tumor budding in oral squamous cell carcinoma of gingivobuccal complex
Authors: Bhatta Archana , Das Surya Narayan , Rath Rachna , Sethi Debashis , Pattnaik Bodhiswata , Mishra Sourav 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 is a potential biomarker for cancer stem cells (CSCs), pertinent to tumorigenesis and treatment resistance, whereas tumor buds (TB) are small nests of tumor cells scattered in the stroma of tumor front. This study evaluated the interrelationship of TBs with CSCs in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases of gingivobuccal complex.

Methods:
An immunohistochemical study was conducted on paraffin-embedded sections of 50 cases of OSCC of gingivobuccal complex with Pan-CK for TB and ALDH1 for CSCs. Correlations were assessed between the semiquantitative scoring for immunohistochemical expression of ALDH1 and tumor budding intensity. Statistical evaluation was performed by the Chi-square test, and cutoff score was determined by employing ROC curve.

Results:
A significant correlation of ALDH1 expression was attained between the groups both inside (P = 0.031) and outside (P = 0.028) the budding area, reflecting a spatial distribution of CSCs in the tumor front. The ROC curve analysis suggested a cutoff value of 11%-50% ALDH1 expression inside TB area, demonstrating 76% of sensitivity and specificity of 63%, which may better predict aggressive behavior and poorer prognosis than TB alone in OSCC.

Conclusion:
ALDH1 expression inside and outside the budding area correlated significantly with TB intensity, suggesting that TBs have CSCs-like phenotype predisposing to migratory and invasive properties.
Immunomodulatory Treatment and Outcome of Seropositive Autoimmune Encephalitis Children in Resource-Poor Settings
Authors: Kamate Mahesh , Patel Taiseenub 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is emerging as an important cause of acute encephalitis in children. It is treated with a combination of both pulse methylprednisolone (MP) and intravenous immunoglobulin as first line and either rituximab or cyclophosphamide in severe cases or those who do not respond. Due to financial constraints, all children do not receive intravenous immunoglobulin in most resource poor-settings but still improve. We here present our data from a resource-poor setting on the treatment of AIE.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective chart review of all seropositive cases seen in the last years with focus on treatment and outcome was done.

Results:
Eight out of 70 suspected AIE children had positive NMDAR antibodies. Five out of eight responded to pulse MP alone with good outcome and no relapse over the next 2 years.

Conclusion:
The majority of children with AIE do not need both MP and immunoglobulins. Pulse MP alone suffices in many especially when diagnosed early.
Serum Leptin level in obese adolescents with metabolic syndrome: An experience of a tertiary care center of Bangladesh
Authors: Mahbuba Sharmin , Ferdosh Taslima , Moni Mst. Umme Kulsum , Habib Samira Humaira 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
High leptin level is associated with childhood obesity-related comorbidities including metabolic syndrome (MS).

Objective:
We aimed to find out serum leptin level in obese adolescents with MS.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from November 1, 2022, to October 31, 2023, including 60 obese adolescents aged 10–16 years as cases and 25 nonobese adolescents as control. Serum leptin level was compared between those two groups and in adolescents with or without MS.

Analysis:
The data were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences computer software version 22 using unpaired Student’s t test, Chi-square test, Pearson’s correlation, and linear regression analysis. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Serum leptin level was significantly higher (P = 0.004) in obese adolescents than in the control group. MS was found in 63.3% of obese adolescents, and the leptin level was significantly higher among them (P = 0.000). It was significantly related to waist circumference (P = 0.000), both systolic blood pressure (P = 0.010) and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.000), blood sugar level 2 h after glucose administration (P = 0.000), triglyceride (P = 0.000) and high-density lipoprotein level (P = 0.026). In the multivariate analysis, no determinant factor was found.

Conclusion:
Serum leptin levels are higher in obese adolescents having MS.
Early Markers of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Children in Steady-state Sickle Cell Anemia in Rivers State, Southern Nigeria: A Comparative Study
Authors: Briggs Datonye Christopher , Josiah Appollus , Omunakwe Hannah , Okechukwu Chioma , Okoh Dorathy , Amadi Ijeoma , Dublin-Green Linda Anucha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aim:
We aimed to determine the status of early markers of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among children with steady-state sickle cell anemia (SCA) in southern, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
This comparative cross-sectional study randomly enrolled 60 hemoglobin SS-genotype (HbSS, SCA group) and 60 hemoglobin AA-genotype (HbAA, non-SCA group) children and their markers of early CKD were compared. Microalbuminuria was defined as spot urine albumin–creatinine ratio 30–<300 mg/g, hyperfiltration was glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥2 standard deviations from the mean estimated GFR for the non-SCA group and steady-state SCA was the absence of infection, pain, acute clinical symptoms, or crisis for ≥3 months.

Results:
Of the 120 children studied, 62 (51.7%) were males. The mean age was 9.36 ± 4.06 years (range: 3–16 years). The markers of CKD were higher in the SCA group than in the non-SCA group: Hyperfiltration (HbSS 25.0% vs. HbAA 6.7%, P = 0.002) and microalbuminuria (HbSS 16.7% vs. HbAA 3.3%; P = 0.015), respectively. The SCA group had four [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.67; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.44–15.04] and five (AOR = 5.80; 95% CI = 1.29–26.03) times increased odds of hyperfiltration and microalbuminuria compared with the non-SCA group. Hypertension was significantly higher among the non-SCA group than that of the SCA group (HbAA 16.7% vs. HbSS 1.7%; P = 0.004).

Conclusions:
The early markers of CKD are notably higher among children with SCA disease in southern Nigeria even during periods of apparent health. Therefore, early screening to identify subclinical CKD in our setting is necessary.
Vitamin D: A Role Beyond Rickets
Authors: Sultana Nadira , Roy Ranjit Ranjan , Kamal Mostafa , Ray Ashis 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Beyond its classical role in calcium metabolism and bone health, vitamin D serves numerous non-classical functions crucial for overall well-being. It modulates immune function, influencing both innate and adaptive immunity, thereby aiding in the prevention of infections and autoimmune diseases. Vitamin D also plays a role in regulating cellular growth and differentiation, impacting processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis, which are essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis and preventing cancer development. Additionally, emerging evidence suggests its involvement in cardiovascular health, insulin secretion, and neurological function. These non-classical functions highlight the importance of adequate vitamin D levels for overall health beyond bone strength.
Extreme value analysis of meteorological parameters observed during the period 1994–2022 at Kakrapar Gujarat site
Authors: Nankar D. P. , Patra Akhaya Kumar , Saradhi I. V. , Kumar A. Vinod 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Extreme meteorological parameters plays an important role, for the selection of any civil structure at nuclear site or to design important nuclear structures to withstand design basis values of meteorological extremes that are likely to occur during the lifetime of these structures. An attempt was made to study the extreme value analysis of meteorological parameters observed during the period 1994 to 2022 at Kakrapar Gujarat Site. Meteorological parameters such as extreme rainfall (mm) (yearly, monthly and daily), extreme surface ambient temperature (°C), minimum relative humidity (%), extreme atmospheric pressure (mbar) and extreme hourly wind speed (km.h-1) for two levels of measurement (10m and 30m height) are evaluated and described in this paper. The maximum and the minimum rainfall in a year was found to be 2278 mm and 772 mm, respectively. The maximum and minimum ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure was 44.6 °C, 2.2 °C and 1023 mbar and 987 mbar, respectively. The maximum hourly wind speed at 10 m and 30 m height was found to be 42.5 km.h-1 and 58.3 km.h-1, respectively. The extreme value analysis reveals that the variables for maximum annual rainfall, maximum ambient temperature, maximum atmospheric pressure, maximum hourly wind speed at 10m and at 30m height obey Fisher-Tippette type I distribution, whereas minimum annual rainfall, maximum monthly rainfall, maximum daily rainfall, minimum ambient temperature, minimum relative humidity, and minimum atmospheric pressure obey Fisher-Tippette type II distribution. The design basis values corresponding to return periods of 50, 100, 200 and 500 years are derived and also reported in this paper.
Dose uniformity evaluations for gamma radiation processing facility using Monte Carlo simulations and its validation
Authors: Rajput Raksha , Garg Jyoti , George Jain Reji , Khedkar Kalpana , Jothish P. K. , Jayachandran N. , Mukherjee Pradip 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The gamma radiation processing facilities (GRAPFs) qualify to obtain the license of operation on the basis of the radiological safety of the facility and the accurate radiation dosimetry in the product. The theoretical dose evaluations in the product are carried out using Monte Carlo simulations in this work. This is required for optimizing the source loading configuration with the best combination of averaged dose rate and dose uniformity ratio (DUR) to maximize the efficiency of the facility. Three different GRAPFs are chosen for the study. The theoretical results of DUR are validated against the commissioning dosimetry with a variation of <10% for the facilities chosen. The simulation tool used is an efficient tool for dose mapping studies of radiation processing facilities of different designs.
Attitude of caregivers, psychiatrists, and nurses toward coercive measures: An observational, survey-based comparative study
Authors: Kulkarni Sneha , Sankar M. Uma , Dabbiru Ravi Kumar , Reddy Ramsubba , Rao Sireesha Srinivasa , Nasirabadi Minhajzafar 
Published: December 2024

Objectives:
The primary objective was to compare the attitude of health-care providers (psychiatrists and nursing staff) and caregivers.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective, survey-based study used the Staff Attitude to Coercion Scale, Morisky Medication Adherence Rating Scale, Oslo Social Support Scale, and the Modified Overt Aggression Scale.

Results:
Participants (326) included psychiatrists (32.51%), staff nurses (35.58%), and caregivers (31.90%). Health-care professionals scored higher in offense and safety subscale (psychiatrists 3.2 and 5.55; nurses 3.12 and 5.65) compared to caregivers (2.46 and 5.10). In coercion as treatment subscale, caregivers scored least (0.78) (psychiatrists 1.15, nurses 1.92). The difference in these subscales was statistically significant (P = 0.001). There was no significant influence of social support and level of education of caregivers on the use of physical restraint. Of 104 patients, 58.65% were brought with physical restraint. Treatment compliance (n = 85) in stabilized patients was 84.7%.

Conclusion:
According to health-care providers, the use of coercion was offensive; coercion can be reduced by improving the resources and giving more personal time. All groups acknowledged that coercion infringes on patients’ human rights but supported its use when necessary for ensuring patient care and safety in the environment.
Comparative study of soft neurological signs in patients of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder at a tertiary care center
Authors: Sadula Ravi Kishore , Meda Aparna , Kesavareddy Sudharani , Molanguri Umashankar 
Published: December 2024

Background:
The study of neurological soft signs (NSSs) is a simple, clinical, inexpensive, and direct method of investigation for schizophrenia and bipolar disorders which are the major mental health problems that require early detection and treatment. Therefore, it is important to establish whether NSS is a common feature of schizophrenia and bipolar Disorder. This study was undertaken to study and compare the presence of NSSs in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Aim:
This study aims to compare the NSSs in patients of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study with a sample size of 80 patients (40 patients in each group) was taken as per the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) criteria. The evaluation of NSSs was done using the Cambridge neurological inventory (CNI) and compared on three domains of CNI. The level of significance was set at 0.05 for all statistical analysis.

Results:
On CNI part 1, mean scores of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are 31.91 and 28.90 respectively t = 3.122. (P = 0.003). On CNI part 2 of mean scores of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are 47.05 and 38.05, respectively, t value is 6.685 (P < 0.001) On CNI part 3, mean scores of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are 44.68 and 58.25, respectively, t value is 6.235 (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
NSSs especially repetitive movement sensory integration, impairment of motor coordination were more in schizophrenia, whereas other signs such as posturing, motor movements were more in bipolar disorder patients in our study.
A cross-sectional study of personality traits using neuroticism, extraversion, and openness five-factor inventory in patients with alcohol dependence in a tertiary hospital setting
Authors: Preetinanda Pallavi , Singisetti Srinivas , Garapati Abhilash , Sanapala Vidya , Vasireddy Niveditha , Nukala Srikrishna , Tata Ramya Spandana , Kumar Santhosh 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Personality traits have not only been identified as risk factors for the onset and maintenance of alcohol use disorders but also as a significant predictor of alcohol-related dysfunction and comorbidity when tested with multifactorial models. The five-factor model of personality is popular as it explains a good deal of the variance in the personality profiles of different individuals. The study aimed to assess the personality traits of patients with alcohol dependence using neuroticism, extraversion, and openness five-factor inventory (NEO-FFI) and to determine its association with various alcohol-related variables, dysfunction, and comorbidities.

Methodology:
Fifty patients with alcohol dependence, aged 18–65 years, in a hospital outpatient and inpatient settings, were evaluated using a semi-structured sociodemographic pro forma and the 60-item NEO-FFI-3.

Results:
Patients with alcohol dependence had high scores on neuroticism and low scores on agreeableness and conscientiousness. High scores on neuroticism and extraversion and low scores on agreeableness and conscientiousness were associated with higher alcohol variable scores, dysfunction, and comorbidities.

Conclusion:
Higher neuroticism and extraversion and lower agreeableness and conscientiousness scores are associated with parameters associated with higher severity of alcohol dependence and its complications.
Study of Medicine Plants Etnopharmacy in Antihypertension in Karang Tunggal, Tenggarong Seberang, East Kalimantan
Authors: Pratiwi Putri Rinda , Juliyanti Juliyanti , Biondi M. Ecky , Supardi Supardi 
Published: December 2024

Ethnopharmacy is a branch of pharmaceutical science that studies the use of medicine and treatments carried out by certain ethnic regions or ethnic groups. The scope of ethnopharmacy includes medicines and treatments with natural ingredients. Hypertension is a condition of high blood pressure values where the systolic blood pressure value is more than equal to 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is a more than equal to 90 mmHg. The aim is to find out the use of medicinal plants used as medicine. The method used is descriptive and quantitative methods. Sampling was taken using the purposive sampling method. The data obtained was analyzed by identifying medical plants by recording local names, parts used and Use Value (UV), Use Value values are based on indicating the species that are considered the most important. The results obtained from Karang Tunggal village were 14 medicinal plants, medicinal plants including cucumber, Mengkudu,Sungkai leaves, Salam leaves, and so on. The results obtained from 14 medicinal plants that had the highest Use Value (UV) were cucumber with a value of 0,15. The results of this research showed that there were 14 medicinal plants that have antihypertensive proporties in Karang Tunggal village. The way to use medicinal plants is to drink and eat, the dosage from of medicinal plants is decoction, juice, and pieces and the way to process medicinal plants is boiled, squeezed, and whole.
Risk Assessment and Detection of Fraudulent Claims in Insurance Systems with Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Sutardiman Mario , Arditya Dyah Ayu , Suroso Jarot S 
Published: December 2024

Fraudulent insurance claims pose a significant challenge to the sustainability and efficiency of insurance systems, leading to substantial financial losses and undermining trust between insurers and policyholders. The complexity and volume of contemporary data make it difficult for traditional fraud detection techniques like manual assessments to handle. To detect fraud in insurance claims, this study investigates the use of machine learning approaches, such as Random Forest and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Using a structured methodology, models were trained on historical claim data and assessed using accuracy, F1-score, recall, and precision. The Random Forest algorithm's accuracy was 94%, according to the results, while the ANN performed better on controlled datasets. Additionally, feature importance analysis identified key predictors, such as claim amount and submission frequency, providing actionable insights for fraud prevention strategies. The implementation of machine learning into claim management systems offers a scalable, accurate, and cost-effective solution to combating fraud. Future work will focus on testing with larger datasets and exploring hybrid approaches to enhance robustness and adaptability.
Analysis of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture and Influence on Job Satisfaction and its Implications on Employee Performance
Authors: Norawati Suarni , Evita Nora , Marantika Abshor , Zakaria Nurman 
Published: December 2024

Seeing the bright prospects for food crop agriculture and horticulture, it is necessary for the government to participate by planning, implementing and coaching development in the agricultural sector with the aim of increasing agricultural production in order to increase the income and welfare of farmers or the community. This research was conducted at the Department of Agriculture, Food Crops and Horticulture, Kampar Regency. The aim of this research is to determine and analyze the influence of transformational leadership on employee satisfaction, the influence of organizational culture on employee satisfaction, the direct influence of transformational leadership on employee performance, direct influence of organizational culture on employee performance, the influence of job satisfaction on employee performance, the indirect influence of transformational leadership on employee performance through employee job satisfaction and the indirect influence of organizational culture on employee performance through employee job satisfaction. This research data consists of primary data and secondary data obtained using questionnaires, interviews, observations and research files. The population of this study was all employees at the Kampar Regency Agricultural Food Crops and Horticulture Service, which is known to number 177 people, and all of them were used as a sample. However, only 136 questionnaires were analyzed because there were several questionnaires that were incomplete. Hypothesis testing uses the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) model, with an alpha used of 5%. The results of the research conclude that: transformational leadership has been proven to have a significant effect on employee job satisfaction, organizational culture is proven to have a significant effect on employee job satisfaction, transformational leadership has been directly proven to have a significant effect on employee performance, organizational culture is proven to have a significant direct effect on employee performance, job satisfaction has been proven to have a significant effect on employee performance, indirect transformational leadership has not been proven to have a significant effect on employee performance through employee job satisfaction and organizational culture has been indirectly proven to have a significant effect on employee performance through employee job satisfaction.
An Integrated Education and Care Management Model Development (Delman Penterpan) in Senior High Boarding Schools in Magelang Regency
Authors: Santoso Giwal , Sugiyono  , Siswanto  
Published: December 2024

Aims: The purpose of the study is to (1) understand the existing model (2) to understand the weaknesses of the existing model (3) to discover the effective, practical, and reliable model to implement, (4) to measure the effectiveness of the model, (5) to measure the practicality and the feasibility of the model.

Method: This study applied Research and Development (R&D) approach, with a model developed by Borg and Gall (2003), which is simplified into three model constructs, namely preliminary study, model development, and model testing. The research was conducted at boarding schools of SMA Taruna Nusantara Magelang, SMA Seminari Mertoyudan, SMA Syubbanul Wathon Secang, and SMA Pangudi Luhur Van Lith Muntilan. The respondents were the principals, heads of the dormitory, vice principals, dormitory representatives, teachers, parents, and students of each school. Data collection was done through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis. Qualitative data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis model by Miles & Huberman (1984). Model development consists of creating a model and testing its effectiveness, practicality, and feasibility. Model testing was carried out in two stages. Quantitative data were used to test the effectiveness, practicality, and feasibility of using Linkert scale analysis.

Result: The results of this research show that ehe "Delman Penterpan" model at Taruna Nusantara and Syubbanul Wathon High Schools operates based on foundation policies, with principals acting as implementers. At SMA Seminari and Pangudi Luhur Van Lith, the foundation allows subsidiarity in policymaking. However, the "Delman Penterpan" model has not yet been fully integrated. The proposed "Delman Penterpan SATEL" model is effective, practical, and feasible, with a conceptual effectiveness score of 4.9, categorized as highly effective. Material and content effectiveness also score 4.9, showing excellent usability. Practicality and feasibility assessments yield values of 94 each, categorizing them as highly practical and suitable for implementation.