bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGUKURAN KETULENAN EMAS MENGGUNAKAN KAEDAH UJIAN TANPA MUSNAH: SUATU ULASAN PERBANDINGAN
Authors: MOHD NOR FAZRUL , TAMURI ABD RAHMAN , ISMAIL ABD KHAMIM , ISMAIL MOHD ERFY , AMIRUDDIN MOHD HASRIL 
Published: September 2021

AbstrakPenentuan ketulenan jongkong emas dengan kaedah ujian tanpa musnah adalah perkara yang paling mencabar dalam industri emas terutama jika jongkong emas dipalsukan dengan cara meletakkan tungsten di dalamnya. Instrumen yang sedia ada mempunyai keterbatasan untuk menentukan ketulenan jongkong emas dan sukar untuk mengesan tungsten di dalamnya kerana tungsten mempunyai ketumpatan yang hampir sama dengan emas. Kajian ini mengemukakan keterbatasan instrumen kaedah ujian tanpa musnah seperti densimeter, alat timbangan, sinar-x pendarfluor dan ultrasonik. Dalam kajian ini menemui kesukaran untuk mengenal pasti emas palsu menggunakan instrumen kaedah ujian tanpa musnah seperti ultrasonik dan x-ray fluorescence (XRF) kerana instrumen ini mempunyai batasan. Setakat ini tiada lagi kajian yang berkaitan pemalsuan jongkong emas kerana harganya yang mahal untuk dijadikan sebagai sampel kajian. Masalah jongkong emas palsu dapat diselesaikan jika ketepatan instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur ketumpatan dapat ditingkatkan lagi sehingga 0.01 g/ml. Ini kerana perbezaan antara ketumpatan emas dan tungsten adalah 0.05 g/ml. Pemalsuan emas dengan mencampurkan tungsten akan dapat dikesan jika ada instrumen yang mempunyai ketepatan sekurang-kurangnya 0.01 g/ml. Manakala instrumen lain seperti XRF digunakan untuk mengesahkan ketulenan emas di bahagian permukaan sahaja. Oleh itu, bagi pengujian yang lebih menyeluruh masalah jongkong emas palsu ini perlu diselesaikan dengan menggabungkan kedua-dua kaedah ini.

Abstract
Determination of the gold bar purity by non-destructive method remains one of the most challenging in gold industry especially when the tungsten is inside the gold bar. The existing instruments have limitations in their accuracy to determine the purity of gold when tungsten also inside the gold bar since both tungsten and gold have almost similar densities. This study presents the limitations of the non-destructive test method instruments such as densimeter, weighing balance, x-ray fluorescence (XRF) and ultrasonic in determining the purity of gold. In this study found the difficulty in identifying counterfeit gold using non-destructive test method instruments such as ultrasonic and XRF due to some limitations. So far, there are no studies related to the counterfeiting of gold bars due to its expensive price to be used as a study sample. The problem of counterfeit gold bars can be solved if the accuracy of the instrument used to measure the density can be further increased up to 0.01 g/ml. This is because the difference between the density of gold and tungsten is 0.05 g/ml. Gold counterfeiting by mixing tungsten will be detectable if there is an instrument that has an accuracy of at least 0.01 g/ml. While other instruments such as XRF will be used to verify the purity of gold on the surface only. Therefore, for more thorough testing the problem of fake gold ingots needs to be solved by combining these two methods.
‘Noordwijk aan Zee is no more’
Authors: Van Dam Michel 
Published: September 2021

From around 1866, Noordwijk aan Zee morphed from a small fishing village into a fashionable seaside resort. Although this transformation was set in train by a local hotelier, it was not fully realized until 1887, thanks to the initiatives of a developer from outside the village. The evolution from fishing village to seaside resort followed the model formulated in 1980 by the geographer R.W. Butler. This model distinguished seven stages: exploration, involvement, development, consolidation, stagnation, decline and rejuvenation. In the period 1887-1920, Noordwijk aan Zee underwent the stages of involvement and development. Some residents spotted an opportunity to make some money by providing services. The ambience of the village, originally determined by traditional fishermen’s cottages and sheds, changed dramatically. Development extended beyond the existing street plan and the sandy paths lining the sea wall were transformed into boulevards. Among the dunes to the south of the village core, an enclave of villas arose; to the north of the village core, labourers’ cottages.
The role played by local architect-builders in the urban and architectural development of the Noordwijk aan Zee resort has received scant attention to date. In most architectural histories of Noordwijk, and of seaside resorts in general, the focus is on established architects. But given that their contribution was usually confined to a single work, their role in the spatial development of fashionable Noordwijk was negligible. It was primarily local builders who shaped the new streetscape. Working to order or on their own account, they were the most prolific builders. They drew their inspiration from the formal idiom of established architects and from the available pattern books. Various local builders ventured into tourism, as managers of summer villas, guesthouses or hotels. In that enterprise, too, they set their stamp on the appearance of the village.
The construction boom that characterized the years 1887-1920 also drew builders from outside Noordwijk to settle in the village. Up to that point the local construction world had been dominated by builders’ families that had lived in the village for generations. The old families tended to confine their activities to the historical core, while most of the newcomers built outside the core.
The study of local architect-builders in Noordwijk aan Zee sits within the context of Baukultur as formulated in the 2018 Davos Declaration. Local government has shown little interest in the Baukultur of Noordwijk in the period up to 1945. Although the seaside resort escaped major damage during the Second World War, since 1960 Noordwijk aan Zee has undergone large-scale demolition and redevelopment. The current situation is one of attrition; every year, one or two buildings from the town’s heyday as a popular seaside resort disappear forever.
CONFIGURACIONES FAMILIARES, TERRITORIALIDAD Y RELACIONES DE PODER EN MISIONES (1ra. PARTE DEL SIGLO XX)
Authors: OVIEDO Norma 
Published: September 2021

Esta propuesta de trabajo pretende analizar las trayectorias de los grupos y sujetos sociales, integrados a diversos grupos de migrantes, que poblaron el Territorio Nacional de Misiones (TNM) durante la primera mitad del siglo XX. Así es que, los núcleos problemáticos focalizados desde este abordaje, relacionaran las configuraciones familiares, la ocupación territorial y las relaciones de poder implicadas entre los sujetos que desarrollan diversas acciones y actividades; en tanto ejercicio de territorialización que denotan la disputa permanente respecto de la apropiación de espacios colectivos –lo local/lo regional/lo nacional/lo internacional- y la configuración de espacios particularizados – de lo individual/de lo familiar –. Examinamos esas relaciones puntualizando el territorio misionero como parte de una región de frontera, situada entre los países de Paraguay y Brasil, integrándose a la Nueva Argentina y poblado por una diversidad de grupos de migrantes europeos y nativos. Circunscribimos la problemática planteada a partir de los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Cuál era la composición de las familias de migrantes?, ¿Cómo se produjo el proceso de ocupación territorial en el TNM?, ¿Qué actividades económicas son representativas de los grupos y, en qué casos, el alto grado de movilidad social es producto de la imposibilidad de sostenerse económicamente?
LOS DESAFÍOS DE LA GEOGRAFÍA ANTE LA REVOLUCIÓN DIGITAL, LAS NEOESPACIALIDADES Y LA PROBLEMÁTICA DEL CIBERESPACIO
Authors: Valenzuela Cristina Ofelia 
Published: September 2021

El impacto de las nuevas tecnologías de interacción digital ha obligado a todas las disciplinas científicas a una intensa revisión de sus alcances, metodología y problemáticas. En este contexto , las neoespacialidades surgidas de la interconexión digital y de hipervinculación global forman parte de estos nuevos tipos de conocimiento y han propiciado intensos replanteos disciplinares acerca de los alcances del objeto, las distintas perspectivas teóricas y la readecuación de las técnicas de investigación en Geografía.Los nuevos entornos virtuales de construcción de espacialidades plantean una serie de desafíos disciplinares que serán el objeto de análisis en este trabajo. Para ello se examinará primeramente el impacto de la revolución digital en los principales atributos de la dimensión espacial distinguiendo a las neoespacialidades en las cuales el espacio desmaterializado contrasta con las tradicionales representaciones del espacio geográfico. Luego se examinarán los nuevos problemas surgidos a partir de las estas neoespacialidades para finalmente reflexionar acerca de la adecuación de las perspectivas teórico metodológicas y las escalas e instrumentos de análisis que supone el estudio de estas cuestiones.
Jair Bolsonaro e os políticos evangélicos
Authors: Goldstein Ariel , Pereira Flavio 
Published: September 2021

Trata-se de uma análise da aliança de um setor dos evangélicos com o governo Bolsonaro, que passa pela formação da Frente Parlamentar Evangélica (FPE). Para tanto, volta-se para a década de 1980, quando os evangélicos iniciam sua participação na partidária, apresentando candidatos a deputados. Foram um importante apoio para a candidatura de Fernando Collor de Melo à presidência da república, enquanto os católicos passaram a ser vistos pelos neopentecostais como integrantes de uma "aliança comunista" que apoiavam Lula. A partir de 2003, com a chegada do PT à presidência, estes grupos estabeleceram uma aliança pragmática com o Governo, condicionando o seu apoio ao compromisso da candidata de não impulsionar o aborto e adotar uma posicão consensuada com eles a respeito da homossexualidade. O deputado Eduardo Cunha, eleito em fevereiro de 2015 como presidente da Câmara dos Deputados, promoveu o impeachment da Dilma e foi um membro importante da Frente Parlamentar Evangélica. O desprestígio generalizado da classe política e os devastadores efeitos da crise econômica sobre a vida social, assim como uma formidável crise na segurança pública, as bases populares, que haviam apoiado o Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) por sus exitosas políticas de transferência de renda como o Bolsa Família, foram migrando rumo a outras opções. Estes aspectos reforçaram o poder dos pastores evangélicos como referências diante da queda dos principais líderes políticos. Como “sociólogos selvagens”, percebendo cotidianamente as angústias populares, os pastores evangélicos foram dos primeiros a reconhecer o potencial eleitoral do ex-capitão do Exército Jair Bolsonaro. Tanto Michelle Bolsonaro como o presidente constroem uma narrativa religiosa messiânica que entende a presidência, especialmente a partir da facada, como uma missão moral redentora e guiada por Deus. Fortalece-se assim a presença dos evangélicos na cúpula do poder, quando a FPE que havia interagido com o ex-presidente Lula passa a fazê-lo com Bolsonaro, com vistas a implantar a sua própria agenda conservadora. Esta análise também desmente algumas crenças da imprensa e dos setores progressistas sobre a factibilidade de que seja realizado um impeachment de Bolsonaro e de que o ex-capitão do Exercito seja substituído pelo vice-presidente Hamilton Mourão. Assevera que, ennquanto o presidente continua numa tendência à declinação em sua popularidade, estes setores aumentam proporcionalmente a sua importância para a sustentação do Governo, ganhando espaço e influência.
Hábitos de consumo modificados durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Abirrached Fernández María Teresa , Torres Ríos Jorge , Dettmer García Jaime Octavio 
Published: September 2021

La pandemia por el virus SARS COV 2 ha impactado de manera signifi cativa en México en los aspectos político, cultural, social y sobre todo económico, pero en el ámbito mercadológico alteró la realidad de los consumidores modifi cando sus hábitos de consumo. Es importante atender y analizar los posibles cambios sucedidos en la dinámica de compra porque al entender estos cambios pueden crearse e implementarse estrategias de innovación y oportunidades de negocio. Aunque el estudio del comportamiento del consumidor puede abarcar diferentes enfoques disciplinarios, el presente documento analiza los principales aspectos que influyeron en la modifi cación de los patrones de compra y consumo del consumidor mexicano durante la pandemia, en sus tres diferentes etapas: antes, durante y después de la compra, puesto que después de la emergencia sanitaria las empresas y los consumidores deberán adaptarse a nuevos modelos de consumo, de oferta y demanda. Este texto narra cómo se vieron modifi cadas las dinámicas de compra en Puebla, México, a través de una investigación descriptiva con datos cualitativos, obtenidos mediante la aplicación de grupos de enfoque. Los resultados obtenidos ponen en evidencia posibles modifi caciones en hábitos de consumo que pueden traducirse en oportunidad de negocio.
Realidad Empresarial No. 11, 2021: 16-22
ANALISIS PERANAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT KABUPATEN SIDENRENG RAPPANG (Studi Kasus Pengentasan Anak Putus Sekolah di Kecamatan Maritengngae)
Authors: Arkian Siti Hardianti Arkian Siti , Sahar Saha , Febriani Andi Feby 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This writing aims to determine the effect of the role of local government on community empowerment in alleviating school dropouts in the Maritengngae District, Sidenreng Rappang Regency and to determine community empowerment in alleviating school dropouts in the Maritengngae District, Sidenreng Rappang Regency. The population in this case is 65 people, while the data collection techniques used are questionnaires, documentation, observation, while the data analysis technique used is data analysis with a frequency table. The result in writing this journal is the preparation of facilities and infrastructure for the implementation of learning (school building) is 95% in the category Strongly Agree, Operational costs allocated in the implementation of education are 73.5% with the category Strongly Agree, Empowerment of Human Resources, namely Educators in the implementation of learning is 77.25% which means the category Agree, Providing assistance in the form of Free Education for those who are unable to access Formal Education is 88 , 5% which means the category agrees, the 12 year compulsory education program to improve and develop human resources in the education sector is 66.25% which means the category Agree, alleviating school dropouts is access to underprivileged children is 74.5% which means the category Agree, the government's effort to increase HR is 74.5% which means the category agrees. Keywords: supervision and work discipline
PERANAN DAKWAH DALAM MEDIA WEBSITE DAN PENGARUHNYA DI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Tahir Hijaz Tahir Hijaz , Tang Syamsu , Saifullah Saifullah 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Western world, communication technology and mass media, have a big hand in building and establishing the moral principles of society. Internet media in particular, have a major role in introducing new norms of society. For the Islamic Ummah it is necessary to strengthen the missionary motivation which takes up so much time and attention of the majority Muslim community. Even now the technological means have been dubbed by the people of various terms for example, as a corona screen, a magic box, a window to the world and so on. The rapid introduction of new norms was made possible because the media moved with the principle of freedom of expression without preaching motivation, so that these principles were often used as a pretext for pursuing worldly interests. Unfortunately, many developing countries, including those claiming to be Muslim countries, follow this trend. As a result, Muslims around the world have been trapped in a foreign conceptual framework, which resulted in a media invasion of their value system, ethical perceptions, moral standards, sociocultural views, and even their religious beliefs. Therefore, Islam needs to set a da'wah strategy in all aspects of life through communication systems, especially electronic media that affect many people. This should not be ignored, and must be directed in accordance with Islamic perinsif which covers all aspects of life through the da'wah strategy. Technological development cannot be dammed. The role of Muslim communicators must defend the truth so that justice remains upheld. Justice cannot possibly be upheld without safeguarding the truth and this is the main task for the Islamic Ummah to carry out scientific charity including one of which is the application user in the mass media.

Keywords ; Da'wah, technology, mass media
A Compendium of Articles Published in International Journal of High Dilution Research from 2008 - 2014
Authors: Arora Saurav 
Published: September 2021

International Journal of High Dilution Research (IJHDR) has served as an important platform for the divulgation of research in the field of high dilution and homeopathy since its foundation in 2008. It is an invaluable resource for researchers, academicians and clinicians being the first open-access, peer-reviewed, online journal specialized in this field. IJHDR is hosted by Groupe International de Recherche sur lâ€™Infinitesimal (GIRI) (www.giriweb.com) and publishes high-quality articles on fundamental/basic research in high dilution, isopathy, biotherapy, nosodes, clinical research/evidence-based homeopathy, veterinary, agronomy, reviews, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, etc. IJHDR believes in making information freely accessible and thus provide free full access to contents as soon as they are published. The IJHDR is currently indexed in databases like LILACS/BIREME/PAHO/WHO; EBSCO; SCOPUS; Qualis/CAPES; Latindex; Google Scholar; DOAJ; NSDL/NSF; Open J-Gate; Journal Seek and Portal CAPES.
Since its launching in 2008 until 2014, IJHDR has published 341 articles across 28 issues, including five proceedings of GIRI meetings. With the increasing volume of online published material, the need to preserve it offline has emerged. The present compendium aims to organize the articles published in IJHDR from 2008 â€“ 2014 in one single PDF, which might be saved to any online and offline medium, can be accessed anytime with a few clicks, is searchable and might be printed by libraries and universities for filing in their archives.
To facilitate the access, the articles have been arranged as per publication date and hyperlinked to the title. As the present compendium is open access, you might use freely, as well as circulate it among colleagues. The compendium may be download freely from www.highdilution.org/compendium
Preliminary study on force-like effects between As45x, water, and wheat seeds performed by means of the droplet evaporation method
Authors: Kokornaczyk Maria Olga , Baumgartner Stephan , Betti Lucietta 
Published: September 2021

Background: The droplet evaporation method (DEM) is based on pattern formation in evaporating droplets. It has been shown that the local connected fractal dimension (LCFD; a complexity measure) of crystalline structures grown in evaporating droplets of wheat seed leakages depended upon whether the seeds were treated with an ultra-high dilution (UHD) or water control.1, 2
In homeopathy it is usually assumed, that UHDâ€™s need to come in direct (physical) contact with the organism to be treated to exhibit their action; however, recently, it has been demonstrated on a wheat seed germination model that UHDâ€™s may influence organisms also at a distance, i.e. without any physical contact. 3 In this case the UHD's effectiveness decreases with increasing distance. Here we test whether DEM might serve also as a tool to study such force-like influences.
In a series of three DEM experiments (E1-3) we studied (i) force-like effects occurring between As2O3 45x treatment (As45x) and undiluted, unsuccussed, ultrapure water (W), (ii) As45x and wheat seeds, as also (iii) whether force-like effects may be shielded by means of aluminum foil, commonly applied for such purposes in homeopathic research.
Mobile learning e o uso de apps como proposta para o ensino de Ciências
Authors: Dutra Pâmella , Bervian Paula Vanessa , Da Costa Güllich Roque Ismael 
Published: September 2021

Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre a mobile learning e o uso de apps para a elaboração de estratégias de ensino para os professores de Ciências. Temos como intuito publicizar a análise desenvolvida de apps,
gratuitos e em língua portuguesa, que podem ser utilizados nas aulas de Ciências e Biologia da Educação Básica. Realizamos um levantamento na loja de apps da Google Play Store®, com a palavra-chave:
“Biologia”. Após a identificação e análise, encontramos 42 apps potenciais para o Ensino de Ciências em contexto escolar. Estes foram categorizados de acordo com a tipologia (vídeo ou animação, simulador,
conjunto de exercícios, material de consulta de informações, livro ou outro); nível de ensino (Ensino Fundamental anos iniciais ou anos finais e Ensino Médio); temática e conteúdos. Os apps abordam as
seguintes temáticas e conteúdos: Anatomia e Fisiologia Humana (Sistema Nervoso, Sistema Digestório, Sistema Circulatório, Sistema Locomotor, Sistema Respiratório); Biologia Celular (Célula Procarionte,
Eucarionte, Vegetal, Animal e Bacteriana) e Taxonomia dos Seres Vivos. Visamos a contribuir para o desenvolvimento de novas experiências educativas e formativas, pois compreendemos que pelo uso de
novas estratégias de ensino, com base nas tecnologias digitais, nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem, o professor também se constitui e (re)significa sua docência.
Entre o escrito e o lido, o vivido: o computador como ponte para participação social
Authors: Branco Costa Maria Carolina , Horta Nogueira Ana Lucia 
Published: September 2021

O artigo pautou-se na necessidade da instituição escolar (re)conhecer o aluno nativo digital, seus modos de operação dos instrumentos técnico-semióticos digitais e o que isso revela sobre seu desenvolvimento
psíquico. A pesquisa participante, realizada em uma sala de primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública, objetivou analisar as possibilidades do uso do computador como recurso pedagógico no
processo de alfabetização, refletindo sobre as repercussões deste instrumento para a atividade docente e discente, enfocando uma situação de prática pedagógica. A realização de uma unidade de leitura sobre um fato social contemporâneo e pesquisa discente colaborativa e orientada, resultou em um texto coletivo. Neste, os alunos puderam se colocar como sujeitos ativos frente aos acontecimentos de seu contexto
histórico-cultural, fato que trouxe novos elementos para seu desenvolvimento cultural, ao mobilizar aspectos sociais e recursos tecnológicos. A análise sobre o desenvolvimento cultural infantil a partir da
Psicologia Histórico-Cultural permitiu constatar significativa utilização das redes digitais pelas crianças, relacionadas ao lazer e comunicação, observando-se também o distanciamento frente aos fatos sociais de
seu tempo. Na medida em que o uso do computador foi pedagogicamente orientado, os alunos experienciaram outros modos de operação, redimensionando suas possibilidades de atuação frente ao universo digital.