bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iglesia católica y educación en el Perú: un análisis cuantitativo
Authors: Chávez Contreras Germán 
Published: April 2021

Este trabajo ofrece un análisis estadístico que cuantifica la labor educativa de la Iglesia católica en el Perú hoy. Con estadísticas recientes, el estudio da a conocer cómo la educación católica ha contribuido eficaz y extendidamente, en todo el territorio nacional, a la acción del Estado peruano, permitiendo entender mejor la importancia de su presencia en la sociedad civil en orden al bien común.
La concepción de hombre entre los incas
Authors: Hernández Astete Francisco 
Published: April 2021

La idea de que los pobladores andinos anteriores a la presencia española creyeron que estaban compuestos por un cuerpo y un alma, y que esta última era la que los diferenciaba de los demás seres, se asume casi sin mayores cuestionamientos desde el siglo XVI, pues, de hecho, para los primeros informantes sobre el mundo andino —quienes habían nacido en la Europa cristiana de Ànales del siglo xv—, todos los hombres estaban compuestos por un cuerpo y un alma. Por esto, al «reconocer» que los hombres andinos tenían alma racional y, por lo tanto, no pertenecían a las razas monstruosas existentes en el imaginario colectivo de la época, iniciaron una campaña de evangelización destinada a salvar las almas de los habitantes de América. Es así como se inició un largo proceso de introducción» del alma por parte de los evangelizadores españoles, pues era imprescindible que los indígenas poseyeran almas racionales, de manera que pudieran participar del proyecto salvífico del cristianismo. En este artículo se cuestiona esta idea y se sientan las bases para estudiar la concepción andina de hombre.
Nuevos datos sobre la biografía e itinerario pastoral de Juan Pérez Bocanegra
Authors: Viola Casalongüe Gabriel 
Published: April 2021

Este estudio presenta el elenco de datos biográficos hasta ahora más completos del sacerdote peruano Juan Pérez Bocanegra (ca. 1560-1570 - ca. 1634-1645). Se ofrecen las referencias de su trayectoria eclesiástica: estudios en el seminario de San Antonio Abad (Cusco), párroco de Belén (Cusco), párroco de San Pedro Apóstol de Andahuaylillas, cantor en la Catedral del Cusco y examinador oÀcial de la diócesis en quechua y aimara. Luego de pasar revista a las investigaciones precedentes y a los elementos biográficos de su Ritual formulario e instrucción de curas, de 1631, el autor aporta nuevos datos a partir de documentos inéditos del Cusco y Andahuaylillas
Capillas sepulcrales y lugares de enterramiento de la nobleza limeña
Authors: Patrucco Núñez-Carvallo Sandro 
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo se inscribe dentro de una investigación mayor sobre las prácticas frente a la muerte de la nobleza limeña del siglo XVIII. Enfocado en el tema de las capillas y criptas sepulcrales privadas, intenta analizar el consumo conspicuo de estos espacios sacros como forma de asentar su preeminencia social.
La memoria local: Una visión de la historiografía arequipeña
Authors: Espinoza de la Borda Álvaro 
Published: April 2021

La mejor comprensión del país requiere de un mayor conocimiento de los pueblos que lo integran. En este sentido, las historias locales contribuirán mucho en ello. Este constituye un panorámico recuento de la historiografía arequipeña que tiene numerosos representantes y variada producción; la que se ha incrementado significativamente en estas últimas décadas con el quehacer de nuevas generaciones de historiadores.
Catalina María Doria y las instituciones carmelitanas en la Lima del siglo XVII
Authors: Rouillon Almeida Denisse 
Published: April 2021

La creación en Lima del primer centro carmelitano de formación religiosa sucedió en la primera mitad del siglo XVII. Dicha instauración remite preliminarmente a la reforma de santa Teresa, iniciada en el siglo anterior y reconocida por su decisiva influencia en las ramas femenia y masculina de la orden carmelita. En ese ambiente de renovación eclesiástica se dio la fundación limeña de la primera institución carmelitana, bajo la modalidad de «recogimiento». La presente investigación considera relevante la identificación de quienes intervinieron en la creación de aquel centro de formación religiosa en el Perú, razón por lo que se destaca el fundamental liderazgo de Catalina María Doria, en tanto figura institucional e importante seguidora de santa Teresa de Ávila. En el artículo se refieren la importancia del colegio como centro de educación femenina colonial y origen del primer monasterio de la orden aludida en el virreinato peruano.
El español en los Andes durante la evangelización del Perú colonial desde la perspectiva académica alemana
Authors: Huamanchumo de la Cuba Ofelia 
Published: April 2021

Este artículo presenta un recuento de las investigaciones y publicaciones hechas por filólogos e investigadores de universidades alemanas en torno al español que se habló y se escribió en los Andes —una de cuyas variedades se conoce como «español o castellano andino»— en la etapa de la evangelización del Perú de los siglos XVI y XVII, que es el marco tópico y cronológico de los temas revisados en los artículos que comprenden el presente Dossier. Aquí se expondrán de manera resumida: la evolución del interés por el tema del español en América, los métodos impulsados en las investigaciones, las diferentes perspectivas adoptadas y, por último, los principales aportes de los más recientes estudios.
Elementos etnográficos en la crónica soldadesca del Perú del siglo XVI
Authors: Stoll Eva 
Published: April 2021

Los sodados cronistas constituyen, dentro de la historiografía indiana, un grupo de autores de gran interés. Esta contibución intenta acercarse a la cuestión de cómo la figura del otro se describe en la crónica soldadesca y qué motivos, argumentos y tradiciones discursivas prevalecen en la representación etnográfica de los conquistadores. Con este objetivo se analizan tres crónicas preruanas del siglo XVI: la Memoria de Juan Ruiz de Arce [ca. 1543], la Relación del Descubrimiento y Conquista de lod Reinos del Piru [1571] de Pedro Pizarro y la Conquista del Perú [ca. 1565] de Alonso Borregán. Se procura mostrar que, aunque existan tópicos y tendencias evaluadoras típicas de la época, los textos se diferencian no solo en el grado de precisión, sino también en la forma de instrumentalizar el discurso etnográfico.
Presentación
Authors: Cavieres Figueroa Eduardo 
Published: April 2021

El dossier que se presenta en las páginas siguientes, intitulado «La Iglesia y la Independencia en América Latina, particularmente en los casos de Chile y el Perú (Arequipa)», surgió en una reunión de trabajo efectuada en la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso en octubre de 2018. Dicha sesión —coloquio— fueel resultado de un acuerdo anterior entre el Programa de Estudios Iberoamericanos (PEI*sur), de dicha universidad y el Centro de Estudios Peruanos (CEP) de la Universidad Católica de San Pablo, Arequipa, y contó, por tanto, con la presencia de académicos de ambas casas.
Julkisen hallinnon strategia: Näin suomalaista julkista hallintoa uudistetaan 2020-luvulla
Authors: Kaunismaa Eeva , Nerg Päivi , Karhunen Minna , Majava Jarkko 
Published: April 2021

Kiihtyvä ilmastokriisi, ikääntyvä ja keskittyvä väestö, digitalisaatio ja sen aiheuttama työn murros sekä globaalistuva ja muuttuva talous haastavat kuitenkin hallinnon rakenteita ja toimenpiteitä, jotka on luotu pääasiassa viime vuosisadan aikana. Lisääntyvät kriisit ja poikkeustilanteet haastavat demokraattisen järjestelmän kykyä toimia ja ohjata yhteiskunnallista kehitystä. Ne nostavat esiin jännitteitä esimerkiksi demokraattisen päätöksenteon ja yli vaalikausien ulottuvien kehityskaarien sekä asiantuntijatiedon ja poliittisen päätöksenteon välille. Siksi tarvitaan uusia tapoja varmistaa hyvinvointi kestävällä tavalla.
Julkisen hallinnon strategia rakentaa suomalaisen hallinnon uudistamisen kehyksen, jotta suomalaisella yhteiskunnalla on valmiuksia kehittää vastauksia tämän vuosikymmenen isoihin periaatteellisiin kysymyksiin ja vahvistaa demokraattisen oikeusvaltion tulevaisuutta. Strategian kuusi päämäärää määrittävät suomalaisen hallinnon uudistamiselle yhteisen suunnan. Sen toimintalinjaukset puolestaan tunnistavat konkreettiset muutoksen kohteet, joilla lisätään hallinnon toimintaedellytyksiä ja kyvykkyyksiä, jotta suomalainen yhteiskunta on valmis vastaamaan tämän vuosikymmenen akuutteihin haasteisiin ja muutoksiin. Nämä molemmat näkökulmat ja uudistamisen tasot tarvitaan, jotta suomalainen hallinto kykenee luomaan kestävää hyvinvointia vielä 2030-luvulla.
Kunta ja muuttuva osallistuminen
Authors: Kurkela Kaisa 
Published: April 2021

This is a case study, carried out with a strategy of action research. This study concerns the organizational model of citizen participation in the city of Vantaa. The research questions are: What are the incentives for developing citizen participation in municipalities, and how is the multifarious participation carried out in municipality. The data consists of interviews of key actors (8), documents, diaries, and a workshop diary.
An important incentive for development seems to be regulation concerning participation, the general and local discussion concerning democracy and the experiences from already existing variety of participation activities. When it comes to the process of development good pilots and adequate support and activity are important factors. Structural solutions are needed but at the same time there is an attempt to keep participation as resilience as possible. The results conclude, that development of participation can be observed as an institutional change.
Phonemic restoration of interrupted locally time-reversed speech
Authors: Ueda Kazuo , Ciocca Valter 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntelligibility of temporally degraded speech was investigated with locally time-reversed speech (LTR) and its interrupted version (ILTR). Control stimuli comprising interrupted speech (I) were also included. Speech stimuli consisted of 200 Japanese meaningful sentences. In interrupted stimuli, speech segments were alternated with either silent gaps or pink noise bursts. The noise bursts had a level of − 10, 0 or + 10 dB relative to the speech level. Segment duration varied from 20 to 160 ms for ILTR sentences, but was fixed at 160 ms for I sentences. At segment durations between 40 and 80 ms, severe reductions in intelligibility were observed for ILTR sentences, compared with LTR sentences. A substantial improvement in intelligibility (30–33%) was observed when 40-ms silent gaps in ILTR were replaced with 0- and + 10-dB noise. Noise with a level of − 10 dB had no effect on the intelligibility. These findings show that the combined effects of interruptions and temporal reversal of speech segments on intelligibility are greater than the sum of each individual effect. The results also support the idea that illusory continuity induced by high-level noise bursts improves the intelligibility of ILTR and I sentences.
Electrophysiological responses to negative evaluative person-knowledge: Effects of individual differences
Authors: Krasowski Claudia , Schindler Sebastian , Bruchmann Maximilian , Moeck Robert , Straube Thomas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFaces transmit rich information about a unique personal identity. Recent studies examined how negative evaluative information affects event-related potentials (ERPs), the relevance of individual differences, such as trait anxiety, neuroticism, or agreeableness, for these effects is unclear. In this preregistered study, participants (N= 80) were presented with neutral faces, either associated with highly negative or neutral biographical information. Faces were shown under three different task conditions that varied the attentional focus on face-unrelated features, perceptual face information, or emotional information. Results showed a task-independent increase of the N170 component for faces associated with negative information, while interactions occurred for the Early Posterior Negativity (EPN) and the Late Positive Potential (LPP), showing ERP differences only when paying attention to the evaluative information. Trait anxiety and neuroticism did not influence ERP differences. Low agreeableness increased EPN differences during perceptual distraction. Thus, we observed that low agreeableness leads to early increased processing of potentially hostile faces, although participants were required to attend to a face-unrelated feature.
Visual Metaphors in Posters during the Coronavirus Pandemic in China
Authors: Дубинина М.Н. 
Published: April 2021

В период борьбы с коронавирусом в Китае, благодаря большой степени информационного и эмоционального воздействия, распространение получили плакаты. В рамках данного исследования было проанализировано более 70 плакатов и постеров, опубликованных в СМИ и социальных сетях. Целью данного исследования является рассмотрение особенностей визуальной метафоры китайских плакатов,
в частности анализ возможности корреляции иероглифа с семиотическим пространством плаката.
In the period of fighting the coronavirus in China, posters became widespread due to a large degree of informational and emotional impact. As part of this study, more than 70 posters published in the media and social networks were analyzed. The purpose of this study is to examine the features of the visual metaphor of Chinese posters, in particular, to analyze the possibility of correlating a Chinese character with the semiotic space of a poster.
Constraints on the Mass Accretion Rate onto the Supermassive Black Hole of Cygnus A Using the Submillimeter Array
Authors: Lo Wen-Ping , Asada Keiichi , Matsushita Satoki , Nakamura Masanori , Pu Hung-Yi , Tseng Chihyin , Akiyama Kazunori , Algaba Juan Carlos , Bower Geoffrey C. , Rao Ramprasad , Koay Jun Yi , Koch Patrick M. , Koyama Shoko , Ho Paul T. P , Inoue Makoto 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present the first detailed polarimetric studies of Cygnus A at 230 GHz with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) to constrain the mass accretion rate onto its supermassive black hole. We detected the polarized emission associated with the core at a fractional polarization of

. This low fractional polarization suggests that the polarized emission is highly depolarized. One of the possible explanations is due to a significant variance in the Faraday rotation measure within the synthesized beam. By assuming the Faraday depolarization caused by inhomogeneous column density of the magnetized plasma associated with the surrounding radiatively-inefficient accretion flow within the SMA beam, we derived the constraint on the mass accretion rate to be larger than 0.15

yr−1 at the Bondi radius. The derived constraint indicates that an adiabatic inflow–outflow solution or an advection-dominated accretion flow should be preferable as the accretion flow model in order to explain the jet power of Cygnus A.
Direct Observation of a Large-scale CME Flux Rope Event Arising from an Unwinding Coronal Jet
Authors: Chen Hechao , Yang Jiayan , Hong Junchao , Li Haidong , Duan Yadan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and coronal jets are two types of common solar eruptive phenomena, which often independently happen at different spatial scales. In this work, we present a stereoscopic observation of a large-scale CME flux rope arising from an unwinding blowout jet in a multipolar complex magnetic system. Based on a multiband observational analysis, we find that this whole event starts with a small filament whose eruption occurs at a coronal geyser site after a series of homologous jets. Aided by magnetic field extrapolations, it reveals that the coronal geyser site forms above an elongate opposite-polarity interface, where the emergence-driven photospheric flux cancellation and repetitive reconnection are responsible for those preceding recurrent jets and also contribute to the ultimate filament destabilization. By interacting with overlying fields, the erupting filament breaks one of its legs, and results in an unwinding blowout jet. Our estimation suggests that around 1.4–2.0 turns of twist release in its jet spire. This prominent twist transport in the jet spire rapidly creates a newborn larger-scale flux rope from the jet base to a remote site. Soon after its formation, this large-scale flux rope erupts toward the outer coronae causing an Earth-directed CME. In its source region, two sets of distinct postflare loops form in succession, indicating this eruption involves two stages of flare magnetic reconnection. This work not only reveals a real magnetic coupling process between different eruptive activities but provides a new hint for understanding for the creation of large-scale CME flux ropes during the solar eruption.
Hybrid Simulations of Interstellar Pickup Protons Accelerated at the Solar-wind Termination Shock at Multiple Locations
Authors: Giacalone J. , Nakanotani M. , Zank G. P. , Kòta J. , Opher M. , Richardson J. D. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We estimate the intensity of interstellar pickup protons accelerated to ∼50 keV at various locations along the solar-wind termination shock, using two-dimensional hybrid simulations. Parameters for the solar wind, interstellar pickup ions (PUIs), and magnetic field just upstream of the termination shock at one flank of the heliosphere, and at the location in the downwind (or tail-ward) direction are based on a solar-wind/pickup-ion/turbulence model. The parameters upstream of the shock where Voyager 2 crossed are based on observations. The simulation is limited in size, and therefore cannot accurately model the distribution to energies much beyond ∼50 keV. This is sufficient to study the origin of the high-energy tail of the distribution, which is the low-energy portion of the anomalous cosmic-ray spectrum. We also extrapolate our results to other locations along the termination shock, such as the other flank, and the poles of the heliosphere. We find that the intensity of ∼10–50 keV accelerated pickup protons is remarkably similar at all three locations we simulated, suggesting that particles in this energy range are relatively uniformly distributed along the termination shock, and are likely quite uniform throughout the entire heliosheath. In addition, we find significant differences in the distribution in the 0.5–1 keV energy range for energetic neutral atoms coming from the tail region of the heliosphere compared to that at the nose or flank look directions. This is because the peak in the PUI distribution is at a higher energy there.
Geometric Distances of Quasars Measured by Spectroastrometry and Reverberation Mapping: Monte Carlo Simulations
Authors: Songsheng Yu-Yang , Li Yan-Rong , Du Pu , Wang Jian-Min 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Recently, GRAVITY on board the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) first spatially resolved the structure of the quasar 3C 273 with an unprecedented resolution of ∼10 μas. A new method of measuring parallax distances has been successfully applied to the quasar through joint analysis of spectroastrometry (SA) and reverberation mapping (RM) observation of its broad-line region (BLR). The uncertainty of this SA and RM (SARM) measurement is about 16% from real data, showing its great potential as a powerful tool for precision cosmology. In this paper, we carry out detailed analyses of mock data to study impacts of data qualities of SA observations on distance measurements and establish a quantitative relationship between statistical uncertainties of distances and relative errors of differential phases. We employ a circular disk model of the BLR for the SARM analysis. We show that SARM analyses of observations generally generate reliable quasar distances, even for relatively poor SA measurements with error bars of 40% at peaks of phases. Inclinations and opening angles of BLRs are the major parameters governing distance uncertainties. It is found that BLRs with inclinations ≳10° and opening angles ≲40° are the most reliable regimes from SARM analysis for distance measurements. Through analysis of a mock sample of AGNs generated by quasar luminosity functions, we find that if the GRAVITY/GRAVITY+ can achieve a phase error of 0.°1 per baseline for targets with magnitudes K ≲ 11.5, the SARM campaign can constrain H
0 to an uncertainty of 2% by observing 60 targets.
Galaxy Clusters from the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys. I. Cluster Detection
Authors: Zou Hu , Gao Jinghua , Xu Xin , Zhou Xu , Ma Jun , Zhou Zhimin , Zhang Tianmeng , Nie Jundan , Wang Jiali , Xue Suijian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Based on the photometric redshift catalog of Zou et al., we apply a fast clustering algorithm to identify 540,432 galaxy clusters at z ≲ 1 in the DESI legacy imaging surveys, which cover a sky area of about 20,000 deg2. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the false-detection rate of our detecting method is about 3.1%. The total masses of galaxy clusters are derived using a calibrated richness–mass relation that is based on the observations of X-ray emission and the Sunyaev and Zel’dovich effect. The median redshift and mass of our detected clusters are about 0.53 and 1.23 × 1014
M
⊙, respectively. Comparing with previous clusters identified using the data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey; we can recognize most of them, especially those with high richness. Our catalog will be used for further statistical studies on galaxy clusters and environmental effects on galaxy evolution, etc.
Freud et Jung : quelques raisons d’une séparation
Authors: Agnel Aimé 
Published: April 2021

L’auteur reprend les raisons données par Jung de son désaccord avec Freud dans son livre de 1921 sur les Types psychologiques , et dans une conférence de 1929 intitulée « L’opposition entre Freud et Jung ». Dans ces textes, Jung met l’accent sur le caractère subjectif de toute psychologie, sur la pluralité des instincts, et l’importance du sentiment dans une recherche psychologique et dans la formation d’une éthique. Sa découverte d’un inconscient impersonnel et du sentiment d’égalité qu’il implique provoquera, vers la fin des années 1930, un changement d’attitude chez Jung, qui pourra se dire, dans une filiation enfin reconnue, le véritable continuateur de Freud.
Une analyse structurale des systèmes modaux
Authors: Héran Frédéric 
Published: April 2021

À l’aide d’une analyse structurale, nous montrons que tout déplacement mobilise un mode fiable, un réseau suffisamment maillé, un utilisateur compétent et un ensemble de règles communes, le tout formant un système modal. Les deux premiers constituants correspondent au système technique de transport. Les deux derniers représentent la dimension humaine et sociale de la mobilité. Chaque constituant de ce système génère un effet particulier : de club, de parc, de réseau ou de sécurité. Pour qu’un système modal se développe, toutes ses composantes doivent progresser de concert, afin d’éviter qu’apparaissent des décalages qui ralentissent le processus. Les progrès s’accélèrent quand une certaine cohérence est trouvée. Tous les aspects de la mobilité peuvent être analysés à travers ce quadriptyque, comme les modèles de trafic en quatre étapes, la sécurité routière, le report modal ou les externalités négatives des transports. Classification JEL : R40, R41.