bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Long Arm of Conflict: How Timing Shapes the Impact of Childhood Exposure to War
Authors: Ramirez Daniel , Haas Steven A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper examines how the timing of childhood exposure to armed conflict influences both the magnitude of the impact it has on later-life health and the pathways through which those impacts manifest. Utilizing the Survey of Health and Retirement in Europe, we examine cohorts of children during World War II. We find that cohorts born during the war show the largest negative effects of exposure on health in later life. The pathways also vary the timing of exposure. Consistent with a latent critical period process, children born during the war experienced increased risk of poor health and illness in childhood, as well as adult cardiometabolic conditions and poor functional health. Conversely, cohorts born before the war experienced more indirect pathways consistent with cumulative disadvantage processes and institutional breakdown. These pathways include stunted socioeconomic attainment, increased risk behaviors, and poorer mental health. Overall, this study emphasizes that the timing of exposure is critical to understanding the long-term health effects of war.
Design and Synthesis of Paraphenylene-derived Figure-of-eight Rigid Macrocycles
Authors: Cong Huan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Macrocycles are essential building blocks for supramolecular architectures. In this Highlight Review, recent progress in our laboratory is summarized regarding the development of paraphenylene-derived figure-of-eight rigid macrocycles. These molecules are derived from X-shaped cores including anthracene photodimer, tetraphenylethylene, and copper-phenanthroline complex, and exhibit attractive topological or fluorescent properties.
Physical Activity, Menstrual History, and Bone Microarchitecture in Female Athletes with Multiple Bone Stress Injuries
Authors: RUDOLPH SARA E. , CAKSA SIGNE , GEHMAN SARAH , GARRAHAN MARGARET , HUGHES JULIE M. , TENFORDE ADAM S. , ACKERMAN KATHRYN E. , BOUXSEIN MARY L. , POPP KRISTIN L. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Bone stress injuries (BSI) occur in up to 20% of runners and military recruits and those with a history of BSI have a fivefold higher risk for a subsequent BSI. Yet, little is known about prior training, menstrual status, and bone structure in runners who experience multiple BSI.

Purpose
To determine differences in health and physical activity history, bone density, microarchitecture, and strength among female athletes with a history of multiple BSI, athletes with ≤1 BSI, and nonathletes.

Methods
We enrolled 101 women (age, 18–32 yr) for this cross-sectional study: nonathlete controls (n = 17) and athletes with a history of ≥3 BSIs (n = 21) or ≤1 BSI (n = 63). We collected subjects’ health and training history and measured bone microarchitecture of the distal tibia via high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and areal bone mineral density of the hip and spine by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Results
Groups did not differ according to age, body mass index, age at menarche, areal bone mineral density, or tibial bone microarchitecture. Women with multiple BSI had a higher prevalence of primary and secondary amenorrhea (P < 0.01) compared with other groups. Total hours of physical activity in middle school were similar across groups; however, women with multiple BSI performed more total hours of physical activity in high school (P = 0.05), more hours of uniaxial loading in both middle school and high school (P = 0.004, P = 0.02), and a smaller proportion of multiaxial loading activity compared with other groups.

Conclusions
These observations suggest that participation in sports with multiaxial loading and maintaining normal menstrual status during adolescence and young adulthood may reduce the risk of multiple bone stress injuries.
Neuromuscular Correlates of the Contralateral Stretch-induced Strength Loss
Authors: CORATELLA GIUSEPPE , CÈ EMILIANO , DORIA CHRISTIAN , BORRELLI MARTA , LONGO STEFANO , ESPOSITO FABIO 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The current study investigated the effects of unilateral passive stretching on the neuromuscular mechanisms involved in the force-generating capacity of the contralateral muscle.

Methods
Twenty-six healthy men underwent unilateral passive stretching of the plantarflexors (5 × 45 s on + 15 s off; total stretching time, 225 s). Before and after the stretching protocol, contralateral ankle range of motion, maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) of the plantarflexors, and surface electromyographic root-mean-square (sEMG RMS) of the soleus and the gastrocnemii muscles were determined. Concurrently, V-wave, maximum and superimposed H-reflex, and M-wave were elicited via nerve stimulation to estimate the supraspinal, spinal, and peripheral mechanisms, respectively. sEMG RMS, V-wave, and H-reflex were normalized to the M-wave.

Results
After passive stretching, contralateral ankle range of motion was increased (+8% [1%/15%], effect size [ES] = 0.43 [0.02/0.84], P < 0.001), MVC of the plantarflexors was decreased (−9% [−21%/−2%], ES = −0.96 [−1.53/−0.38], P < 0.001), and the sEMG RMS/M-wave of the soleus and the gastrocnemii muscles was decreased (≈−9%, ES ≈ −0.33, P < 0.05). Concurrently, the V-wave/M-wave superimposed was decreased in all muscles (≈−13%, ES = −0.81 to −0.52, P < 0.05). No change in H-reflex/M-wave and M-wave was observed under both maximum and superimposed condition. The decrease in the MVC and the sEMG RMS of the contralateral muscle was accompanied by a decrease in the V-wave/M-wave but not the H-reflex/M-wave ratios and the M-wave.

Conclusions
The present outcomes suggest that only supraspinal mechanisms might be involved in the contralateral decrease in the maximum force-generating capacity.
Re-initiation of CT colonography services during the COVID-19 pandemic: Preliminary evaluation of safety
Authors: Peprah David , Plumb Andrew , Corr Alison , Muckian Janice , Smith Kathryn , Sergot Antoni , Kuah Jia Ying , Stephenson James 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to cancellation and deferral of many cancer investigations, including CT colonography (CTC). In May 2020, BSGAR and SCoR issued guidelines outlining steps for conduct of CTC in the early recovery phase. We evaluated the implementation of these in four English hospital trusts.

Methods:
Ethical permission was not required for this multicentre service evaluation. We identified patients undergoing CTC over a 2-month period from May to July 2020 at four Trusts. We recorded demographics, scan indications, colonic findings, and incidental lung base changes compatible with COVID-19. A subset of patients were contacted via telephone to document new symptoms 2 weeks following their scan. Staff were contacted to determine if any acquired COVID-19 during the period.

Results:
224 patients (118 male, 52.7%) were scanned during the period. In 55 patients (24.6%), CTC showed a ≥6 mm polyp. 33 of 224 (14.7%) scans showed incidental lung base changes felt unrelated to COVID-19, and only one patient had changes indeterminate for COVID-19; no classic COVID-19 pulmonary changes were found. Of 169 patients with telephone follow-up, none reported any new symptoms of COVID-19 (cough, fever, anosmia, ageusia) within 14 days of CTC. None of the 86 staff contacted developed COVID-19.

Conclusion:
We found no cases of patients or staff acquiring COVID-19 infection following CTC; and no evidence of significant asymptomatic COVID-19 patients attending for CTC appointments based on lung base changes.

Advances in knowledge:
Our findings suggest that current practice is unlikely to contribute significantly to spread of SARS-nCOV2. Cancer and significant polyp detection rates were high, underlining the importance of maintaining service provision.
MRI features of different types of sinonasan rhabdomyosarcomas: a series of eleven cases
Authors: Zeng Junjie , Liu Lan , Li Jiayong , Huang Qiling , Pi Leiming , Jin Ke 
Published: April 2021

Objective:To retrospectively analyze magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of various pathological subtypes of sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and explore correlations between imaging features and pathological subtypes.Methods:In total, 11 cases with embryonal, alveolar or pleomorphic sinonasal RMSs, confirmed by surgical pathology, were selected. Their characteristics and distinctive imaging features were analysed, and the correlation between pathology and imaging features was explored.Results:Bone destruction was observed in all 11 cases with RMS. Expansive growth was predominant in three alveolar and three embryonal RMS cases, and creeping growth was predominant in two alveolar, two embryonal and one pleomorphic RMS cases. Signs of residual mucosa were observed in all 11 cases, and 10 cases showed involvement of multiple sinus cavities and orbital cavities. All cases exhibited mild-to-intermediate enhancement.Conclusion:Sinonasal RMSs have the following characteristic MRI features: ethmoid sinuses and middle nasal conchae are the prevalent sites; lesions are mainly of mild enhancement; tumours exhibit signs of residual mucosa, mild-to-intermediate enhancement and frequent orbital involvement; bone invasion and bone destruction are frequently observed; and haematogenous metastasis is not as common as lymphatic metastasis. RMSs of various pathological subtypes were not significantly distinct by imaging.
Vom Befund zum Lebensbild
Authors: Asal Markus 
Published: April 2021

Seit dem ausgehenden 19. Jahrhundert geben Ausgrabungen den Archäologinnen und Archäologen immer wieder Einblicke in die bis zu drei Meter mächtigen Siedlungsablagerungen unter dem Asphalt des Münsterhügels. Zahlreich sind dabei die Befunde und Funde, die der Spätantike (ausgehendes 3. bis etwa zur Mitte des 5. Jahrhunderts) zugewiesen können.
Dank moderner computergestützten Grafikprogramme besteht heute die technische Möglichkeit, die archäologischen Erkenntnisse in Lebensbildern zu visualisieren. In diesem Beitrag wird anhand ausgewählter Beispiele aufgezeigt, wie das neue Lebensbild des spätrömischen Basels entstand.
Product Choice with Large Assortments: A Scalable Deep-Learning Model
Authors: Gabel Sebastian , Timoshenko Artem 
Published: April 2021

Personalized marketing in retail requires a model to predict how different marketing actions affect product choices by individual customers. Large retailers often handle millions of transactions daily, involving thousands of products in hundreds of categories. Product choice models thus need to scale to large product assortments and customer bases, without extensive product attribute information. To address these challenges, we propose a custom deep neural network model. The model incorporates bottleneck layers to encode cross-product relationships, calibrates time-series filters to capture purchase dynamics for products with different interpurchase times, and relies on weight sharing between the products to improve convergence and scale to large assortments. The model applies to loyalty card transaction data without predefined categories or product attributes to predict customer-specific purchase probabilities in response to marketing actions. In a simulation, the proposed product choice model predicts purchase decisions better than baseline methods by adjusting the predicted probabilities for the effects of recent purchases and price discounts. The improved predictions lead to substantially higher revenue gains in a simulated coupon personalization problem. We verify predictive performance using transaction data from a large retailer with experimental variation in price discounts.This paper was accepted by Gui Liberali, Management Science Special Section on Data-Driven Prescriptive Analytics.
Improving the intensity-contrast image of a noisy digital hologram by convolution of Chebyshev type 2 and elliptic filters
Authors: Ibrahim Dahi Ghareab Abdelsalam 
Published: April 2021

In this paper, a new, to the best of our knowledge, technique convolves the windowed Fourier filtering (WFF) of the Fresnel transform with the transfer functions of both Chebyshev type 2 and elliptic filters to enhance the intensity-contrast image of a noisy digital hologram. The recorded digital hologram is reconstructed by the Fresnel approach, the reconstructed intensity-contrast image is transformed by WFF, and the obtained spectrum is convolved in frequency domain with the transfer functions of Chebyshev type 2 and elliptic filters. The result of convolution is transformed by inverse WFF to produce a speckle-free image with a sharp roll-off and no ripples in both pass- and stop-bands. The experimental results with a die in the presence and absence of a rotating ground glass diffuser are shown and demonstrate that the resolution can be effectively enhanced with simple setup and procedure. The proposed technique can improve the capabilities of digital holography in three-dimensional (3D) microscopy.
Three dimensional reconstruction to visualize atrial fibrillation activation patterns on curved atrial geometry
Authors: Abad Ricardo , Collart Orvil , Ganesan Prasanth , Rogers A. J. , Alhusseini Mahmood I. , Rodrigo Miguel , Narayan Sanjiv M. , Rappel Wouter-Jan 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundThe rotational activation created by spiral waves may be a mechanism for atrial fibrillation (AF), yet it is unclear how activation patterns obtained from endocardial baskets are influenced by the 3D geometric curvature of the atrium or ‘unfolding’ into 2D maps. We develop algorithms that can visualize spiral waves and their tip locations on curved atrial geometries. We use these algorithms to quantify differences in AF maps and spiral tip locations between 3D basket reconstructions, projection onto 3D anatomical shells and unfolded 2D surfaces.MethodsWe tested our algorithms in N = 20 patients in whom AF was recorded from 64-pole baskets (Abbott, CA). Phase maps were generated by non-proprietary software to identify the tips of spiral waves, indicated by phase singularities. The number and density of spiral tips were compared in patient-specific 3D shells constructed from the basket, as well as 3D maps from clinical electroanatomic mapping systems and 2D maps.ResultsPatients (59.4±12.7 yrs, 60% M) showed 1.7±0.8 phase singularities/patient, in whom ablation terminated AF in 11/20 patients (55%). There was no difference in the location of phase singularities, between 3D curved surfaces and 2D unfolded surfaces, with a median correlation coefficient between phase singularity density maps of 0.985 (0.978–0.990). No significant impact was noted by phase singularities location in more curved regions or relative to the basket location (p>0.1).ConclusionsAF maps and phase singularities mapped by endocardial baskets are qualitatively and quantitatively similar whether calculated by 3D phase maps on patient-specific curved atrial geometries or in 2D. Phase maps on patient-specific geometries may be easier to interpret relative to critical structures for ablation planning.
Como nasce o novo
Authors: Ázara de Oliveira Hélio 
Published: April 2021

[...] Como nasce o Novo, lançado em 2018 pela editora Todavia, de autoria de Marcos Nobre. O livro é um trabalho raro de tradução e exegese de um trecho central de um clássico da Filosofia alemã e mundial, Fenomenologia do Espírito, de G. W. F. Hegel. Esta obra pode interessar tanto ao leitor inicial (desde que previamente ciente das dificuldades da empreitada) quanto ao especialista no sentido estrito do termo.
A obra se divide em ao menos três partes principais, 1) uma “Apresentação” de toda a problemática envolvida nesta obra fundamental de Hegel; 2) A tradução da Introdução à Fenomenologia do Espírito, que se faz acompanhar do texto original, sinopticamente disposto; 3) a Análise e comentário do texto, que é completada com a divisão esquemática do texto e com quadros sinópticos da divisão proposta, bem como de uma tábua de termos da tradução adotada. Em cada uma dessas partes, Marcos Nobre explicita seu método e deixa ao leitor opções para seguir ou não os passos do autor, isto é, há um “Manual de instruções” em cada uma das etapas, tornando a obra bastante democrática e aberta.
O livro nos é apresentado já mediante a polêmica, ao que tudo indica infindável, a respeito do “lugar” da Fenomenologia do Espírito na organização sistemática da obra de Hegel. O trabalho minucioso de Marcos Nobre expõe todas as jogadas possíveis desse jogo aberto; realça nuances extremamente sutis entre as interpretações, e consegue fazer o leitor ter a certeza de que só está na largada de uma longa viagem. [...]
O Movimento Escola sem Partido e a captura da docência: O professor como técnico do saber especializado
Authors: Danelon Márcio 
Published: April 2021

O Movimento Escola sem Partido e a captura da docência: O professor como técnico do saber especializado
Resumo: Este artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre formas de captura das práticas pedagógicas do professor presentes no pensamento e no projeto de lei proposto pelo Movimento Escola sem Partido. Em nossa análise, a estratégia de vigilância do trabalho docente, a classificação do trabalho docente como doutrinação e a sobreposição da educação familiar sobre a escolar, emergem como formas de captura da docência, transformando o professor num “técnico do saber especializado”, conforme conceituação de Jean-Paul Sartre.Palavras-chave: Educação. Escola sem partido. Fenomenologia. Sartre.
The school without political party movement and the capture of teaching: the teacher as a specialist knowledge technician
Abstract: This article aims to reflect on ways of capturing the pedagogical practices of the teacher present in the thought and the bill proposed by the School Without Political Party Movement. In our analysis, the strategy of surveillance of teaching work, the classification of teaching work as indoctrination and the overlap of family education over school, emerge as ways of capturing teaching, transforming the teacher into a "specialist knowledge technician", as conceptualization. by Jean-Paul Sartre.Keywords: Education. School Without Political Party. Phenomenology. Sartre.
Le mouvement école sans parti et la capture de l’enseignement: L’ enseignant comme technicien spécialisé du savoir
Résumé: Cet article vise à réfléchir sur les moyens de capter les pratiques pédagogiques de l’enseignant présent dans la pensée et das le projet de loi proposés par le Mouvement École sans Parti. Dans notre analyse, la stratégie de surveillance du travail d’enseignement, la classification du travail d’enseignement comme endoctrinement et le chevauchement de l’education familier sur l’éducation scolaire, apparaissent comme les raison de capturer de l’enseignement, transformant l’enseignant em um “technicien spécialisé du savoir”, comme conceptualisé par Jean-Paul Sartre.Mots clés: Éducation. École sans parti. Phénoménologie. Sartre.
Data de registro: 17/06/2020Data de aceite: 26/11/2020
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Thailand Economy and Tourist Industry: An Empirical Forecasting Using ARIMA
Authors: Janjua Laeeq Razzak , Muhammad Fida , Sukjai Patthaphon , Rehman Abdul , Yu Zhang 
Published: April 2021

Goal: The tourism sector always plays a vital role among other sectors, which contributes heavily to Thailand’s GDP. Due to the recent Pandemic crises, the tourism industry worldwide faces a decline. The aim of writing this paper is to forecast, tourist inflow for Thailand for the next nine months by using ARIMA forecasting
Design/Methodology/Approach: In order to meet the study objective, we adopted the univariate time series forecasting of tourist arrival. The AR(12) and MA(12) process with d(1) order to specify the appropriate model also applied for forecasting selection of international tourist arrivals, after diagnostic checking of series through correlogram Q-statistics and correlogram of residuals for adjusted ARIMA (12,1,12) in which we found low residual against 70 lags.
Results: The evidence predicts that in the next nine months, Thailand will face significant negative zone arrival of international tourists due to the COVID-19 pandemic crises, which adversely affect Thailand’s economy due to the shortfall of international tourist arrivals. However decline in tourist arrival will eventually decrease air pollution in Thailand, thus it positively impact on environmental quality.
Limitation of the investigation: In terms of limitation of this study, this forecasting is only valid for Thailand based on historical and current data.
Practical implications: We highly recommend government of Thailand for enchasing overall logistics performance and furthermore increase use to renewable energy and green performance in their tourism sector.
Originality / Value: This study provides tourism forecasting estimation for Thailand, which can help government to reshape their tourism policies due to Covid-19 pandemic crises. As this study is the first attempt to provide forecasting related with Covid-19 for tourism sector.
The effect of islands of improvement on the maturity models for industry 4.0: the implementation of an inventory management system in a beverage factory
Authors: Dantas Rafaela , Barbalho Sanderson César Macêdo 
Published: April 2021

Goal: Industry 4.0 has the main purpose to turn the company into an agile organization, able to adapt continuously to the dynamicity of the market. Thus, to reach this target, the business should be aware of its current level of readiness and it needs to establish digital strategies to reach higher levels. The goal of this research is to explore how improvements in industry 4.0 can improve companies´ business processes.
Design / Methodology / Approach: The present study is action research that initially identified the most suitable maturity model in Industry 4.0 in the scientific and practitioner literature. Furthermore, the chosen model was applied in a beverage manufacturer to evaluate its current maturity level. Some Industry 4.0 improvements were implemented on the warehouse as part of the company’s digital strategy into which it was integrated the inventory management system with new digital solutions. Finally, interviews were conducted and data was gathered from companies indicators.
Results: The conduct of the action research revealed the current status of the company and how storage management contributed to its digital transformation process. A phenomenon of islands of improvement is discussed at the end.
Limitations of the investigation: Our main limitation is our case study approach. Additionally, more interviews crossing functional areas could bring further elements about the perception of improvements that each functional group had at the end of the implementation process.
Practical implications: The case study suggests that applications of maturity models can generate the phenomena of islands of improvements. Managers must take this situation into account to plan digital transformation in the whole company.
Originality / Value: The phenomena of the island of improvement is suggested to be a side effect of implementing industry 4.0 based on maturity models.
Keywords: Industry 4.0; maturity model; logistics; inventory; storage management systems; RFID.