bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CRT implantation after transvenous lead/device extraction (TLE) in a patient with COVID‐19: Endocarditis triggered by syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐COV‐2) infection? A case report
Authors: De Vivo Stefano , Barberio Massimiliano , Corrado Carmelina , Severino Sergio , Verde Raffaele , Fragranza Fiorentino , Attena Emilio , Rescigno Carolina , Bernardo Mariano , Innocenti Sara , Tascini Carlo , D'Onofrio Antonio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), the management of cardiac implantable electronic devices infections with concomitant viral infection has not been completely defined yet. In this explorable context, we report the first experience of a Cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT‐D) implantation after transvenous lead extraction for endocarditis in a COVID‐19 patient. We describe both the measures and procedures implemented to reduce the cross‐infection in the operating room and our clinical practice to improving procedure effectiveness on patient care.
Basic needs in normative contexts
Authors: Pölzler Thomas 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn answering normative questions, researchers sometimes appeal to the concept of basic needs. Their guiding idea is that our first priority should be to ensure that everybody is able to meet these needs—to have enough in terms of food, water, shelter, and so on. This article provides an opinionated overview of basic needs in normative contexts. Any basic needs theory must answer three questions: (1) What are basic needs? (2) To what extent do basic needs generate reasons for action and how are these reasons to be understood? (3) How are basic needs and their satisfaction to be measured? I address these questions in turn. Then I also briefly discuss the theoretical potential of appealing to basic needs in normative contexts. It turns out that future research in this area could benefit from a higher degree of interdisciplinarity and methodological reflection, and that, generally speaking, basic needs theories are more promising than they have often been claimed to be.
Characterizing the impact of high temperature during grain filling on phytohormone levels, enzyme activity and metabolic profiles of an early indica rice variety
Authors: Shao C. , Shen L. , Qiu C. , Wang Y. , Qian Y. , Chen J. , Ouyang Z. , Zhang P. , Guan X. , Xie J. , Liu G. , Peng C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGlobal warming results in high temperature stress (HTS), which presents severe challenges worldwide for modern agricultural production and will have significant impacts on the yield and quality of crops.Accumulation of photosynthetic products, activity of enzymes involved in sucrose–starch metabolism, phytohormone levels and metabolic profiling using LC‐MS were analysed in the flag leaves and/or developing grains subjected to HTS during the grain‐filling stage of an indica rice.HTS induced significant yield loss and reduced the grain quality, with lower amylose content. HTS reduced photosynthetic product accumulation in flag leaves and reduced starch accumulation in developing grains, compared to growth under normal temperatures. The activity of enzymes related to sucrose–starch metabolism were dis‐regulated in developing grains grown under high temperature (HT). Moreover, phytohormone homeostasis in flag leaves and developing grains was also dramatically disturbed by HT. Metabolic profiling detected many metabolites with remarkably different relative fold abundances at different time points in the developing grain at HTversusnormal temperatures, these metabolites were enriched in several HTS response pathways.The change in phytohormone ratio and auxin level might be associated with the reduction in photosynthetic products and their translocation, and ultimately with reduced starch accumulation in the developing grain. The detected metabolites might have different roles in response to the HTS in developing grain at different development stages. These results provide a theoretical reference and basis for future rice production towards higher quality and yield when grown under HTS.
Neural differences in the temporal cascade of reactive and proactive control for bilinguals and monolinguals
Authors: Rainey Vanessa R. , Stockdale Laura , Flores‐Lamb Valerie , Kahrilas Ian J. , Mullins T’kara L. , Gjorgieva Eva , Morrison Robert G. , Silton Rebecca L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study explored differences in sustained top‐down attentional control (i.e., proactive control) and spontaneous types of control (i.e., reactive control) in bilingual and monolingual speakers. We modified a Color‐Word Stroop task to varying levels of conflict and included switching trials in addition to more “traditional” inhibition Stroop conditions. The task was administered during scalp electroencephalography (EEG) to evaluate the temporal course of cognitive control during trials. The behavioral Stroop effect was observed across the whole sample; however, there were no differences in accuracy or response time between the bilingual and monolingual groups. Event‐related potentials (ERPs) were calculated for the N200, N450, and conflict Sustained Potential (SP). On the pure‐blocked incongruent trials, the bilingual group displayed reduced signal during interference suppression (N450) and increased later signal, as indexed by the conflict SP. On the mixed‐block incongruent trials, both the bilinguals and monolinguals displayed increased later signal at the conflict SP. This suggests that proactive control may be a default mode for bilinguals on tasks requiring inhibition. In the switching trials, that place high demands on the executive control component of shifting, the language groups did not differ. Overall, these results suggest processing differences between bilinguals and monolinguals extend beyond early response inhibition processes. Greater integration of proactive and reactive control may be needed to sort conflicting language environments for bilinguals, which may be transferring to domain‐general mechanisms.
The right to contest automated decisions under the General Data Protection Regulation: Beyond the so‐called “right to explanation”
Authors: Bayamlıoğlu Emre 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe right to contest automated decisions as provided by Article 22 of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a due process provision with concrete transparency implications. Based on this, the paper in hand aims, first, to provide an interpretation of Art 22 and the right to contest (as the key provision in determining the contours of transparency in relation to automated decisions under the GDPR); second, to provide a systematic account of possible administrative, procedural, and technical mechanisms (transparency measures) that could be deployed for the purpose contesting automated decisions; and third, to examine the compatibility of these mechanisms with the GDPR. Following the introduction, Part II starts with an analysis of the newly enacted right to contest solely automated decisions as provided under Article 22 of the GDPR. This part identifies the right to contest in Article 22 as the core remedy, with inherent transparency requirements which are foundational for due process. Setting the right to contest as the backbone of protection against the adverse effects of solely automated decisions, Part III focuses on certain key points and provisions under the GDPR, which are described as the 1st layer (human‐intelligible) transparency. This part explores to what extent “information and access” rights (Articles 13, 14, and 15) could satisfy the transparency requirements for the purposes of contestation as explained in Part II. Next, Part IV briefly identifies the limits of 1st layer transparency – explaining how technical complexity together with competition and integrity‐related concerns render human‐level transparency either infeasible or legally impossible. In what follows, Part V conceptualizes a 2nd layer of transparency which consists of further administrative, procedural, and technical measures (i.e., design choices facilitating interpretability, institutional oversight, and algorithmic scrutiny). Finally, Part VI identifies four regulatory options, combining 1st and 2nd layer transparency measures to implement Article 22. The primary aim of the paper is to provide a systematic interpretation of Article 22 and examine how “the right to contest solely automated decisions” could help give meaning to the overall transparency provisions of the GDPR. With a view to transcend the current debates about the existence of a so‐called right to an explanation, the paper develops an interdisciplinary approach, focusing on the specific transparency implications of the “right to contest” as a remedy of procedural nature.
Influence of Schirmer strip wetness on volume absorbed, volume recovered, and total protein content in canine tears
Authors: Bertram Morgan , Allbaugh Rachel A. , Mochel Jonathan P. , Peraza Jacqueline , Page Lauren , Sebbag Lionel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveDetermine the protein content and volume of tears sampled by Schirmer strips wetness ranging from 20 to 35 mm.Animals StudiedTen healthy beagle dogs.ProceduresEach dog underwent 20 tear collections per day (10 sessions in each eye, spaced by ≥1 h) for 4 separate days, providing 200 tear samples for each length of wetness evaluated: 20, 25, 30, and 35 mm. A Schirmer strip was placed in each eye until the selected mm‐mark was reached, calculating the volume absorbed (VA) as the difference between the post‐ and pre‐collection weight (assuming 1 mg~1 µL for tear fluid), and the volume recovered (VR) as the amount pipetted from the tube following centrifugation. Total protein content (TPC) was measured with infrared spectroscopy. Outcome measures were compared with the Kruskal‐Wallis test.ResultsMedian values for VA (µL), VR (µL) and TPC (mg/mL) were as follows: 20 mm (18, 10, 5.94), 25 mm (22, 12.5, 5.97), 30 mm (25.5, 16, 5.89), and 35 mm (31, 22.5, 7.13). Both VA and VR were significantly greater (p < .001) for Schirmer strips wetness of 35»30»25»20 mm. TPC was significantly greater (p < .001) for 35 > 20–30 mm, but not among other groups (p = 1.000).ConclusionsThe study established normative data to consider when canine studies use Schirmer strips to collect tears for bioanalytical purposes (eg, proteomics, pharmacokinetics). Although 35 mm yielded higher VA and VR, the higher TPC could be explained by greater disruption of ocular surface homeostasis. Absorption to 20–30 mm is the suggested length of strip wetness for bioanalytical tear collection in dogs.
Entangled Aeglidae (Decapoda, Anomura): Additional evidence for cryptic species
Authors: Zimmermann Bianca L. , Buzatto Ivanice , Santos Sandro , Giri Federico , Teixeira de Mello Franco , Crandall Keith A. , Pérez‐Losada Marcos , Bartholomei‐Santos Marlise L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCryptic species are a major challenge for morphologically based species identification. Molecular approaches to species delimitation can be a valuable tool to provide preliminary taxonomic hypotheses and significantly complements morphological taxonomy. In South America, the freshwater crabs of the genusAeglahave sparked much interest as they are key species in the often‐endangered freshwater ecosystems and themselves are often considered endangered species. Morphological similarity amongAeglaspecies is not always positively correlated with genetic relatedness and growing evidence suggests that several putative single taxa are actually assemblages of cryptic species. We coupled broad geographically sampling (Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay) with multilocus (COI,16SandANT) phylogenies to investigate the diversity ofAegla uruguayana. Our species delimitation analyses suggested that 19 aeglid populations form a well‐supported clade, although individuals from 10 populations possibly represent a complex of cryptic species. The significant amount of cryptic diversity found in aeglids seem to rely on several factors, including habitat fragmentation, life history features, morphological stasis, convergent evolution and recent divergence. The search for new diagnostic characters and the description of the cryptic species that remain unnamed will probably be the next challenge for this unique group of crustaceans.
Effects of game-based rehabilitation on upper limb function in adults within the first six months following stroke: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ali A Sulfikar , Arumugam Ashokan , Gururaj Sanjana , Kumaran D Senthil 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To evaluate and summarize the level of evidence for the immediate, short-term, and long-term effects of game-based rehabilitation on upper limb function in adults within the first six months following stroke.

Introduction:
A game-based intervention is a valuable therapeutic tool for incorporating principles of motor learning and neuroplasticity in the rehabilitation of upper limb function post-stroke. Most of the existing reviews on game-based rehabilitation are focused on the chronic phase of stroke. However, as maximum upper limb motor recovery occurs in the first six months after stroke, further exploration of the effects of game-based rehabilitation in this phase is necessary.

Inclusion criteria:
We will include randomized clinical trials assessing the immediate, short-term, and long-term effects of game-based rehabilitation on upper limb function in adults within the first six months following stroke.

Methods:
The systematic review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist and JBI methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness. A database-specific search strategy will be used in CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, PEDro, OT Seeker, and Ovid MEDLINE to identify studies in the English language with no date limit. Two reviewers will independently screen, extract data from, and assess risk of bias in the eligible studies. Meta-analysis and publication bias evaluation will be done when adequate data are available. If a meta-analysis is precluded, then a narrative synthesis will be done. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria will be used to assess the certainty of evidence for the outcome measures of interest.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020190100
Postoperative oral drug regimen to control the inflammatory complications in mandibular third molar surgery: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: de Souza Glaciele Maria , Magesty Rafael Alvim , Fernandes Ighor Andrade , Sales Késsia Nara Andrade , Galvão Endi Lanza , Falci Saulo Gabriel Moreira 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This network meta-analysis aims to rank the best postoperative drug regimen to control inflammatory complications related to mandibular third molar surgery.

Introduction:
Many studies of oral drugs have been proposed to control postoperative inflammatory complications after third molar surgeries with inconclusive results. A systematic review with network meta-analysis in this field may clarify the best therapeutic protocol for practice in dentistry.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider randomized clinical trials that included healthy adult patients or those who had treated and controlled systemic diseases; asymptomatic patients who were free of acute infection or inflammation at the surgical site immediately before third molar surgery; and patients submitted to surgical removal of one lower third molar at a time in which they have received oral anti-inflammatory and/or analgesics in the postoperative moment. The outcomes are pain, edema, trismus, and adverse effects.

Methods:
Sources of published studies, unpublished studies, and gray literature will be searched without time or language restrictions. Titles and abstracts of all search results will be screened by two independent reviewers. The full text of potentially relevant studies will be assessed. Methodological quality of the included studies will be performed using the JBI checklist for experimental studies. Data related to specific details about the population, study methods, interventions, and outcomes will be extracted from the included studies. The findings will be presented in a narrative form and polled in network meta-analysis, when possible.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020196692
A Hypothesized Mechanistic Model of Longitudinal Wall Motion at the Common Carotid Artery
Authors: Hao Zhili , Reyonds Leryn , Herre John M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
By adopting a physics-physiology integrative approach, this work hypothesizes a mechanistic model of longitudinal wall motion ux(t) at the common carotid artery (CCA) and explores its antegrade amplitude ux0-ante and retrograde amplitude ux0-retro in systole for their clear implications. By examining the findings on ux(t) and other relevant findings on the cardiovascular (CV) physiology in the context of the physical essence of ux(t) and the CV system, a mechanistic model of ux(t) is hypothesized and formulated as a boundary-value problem of nonhomogeneous wave propagation in a semi-infinite domain. With the aid of findings on ux(t) and other related findings in the CV system, a scaling analysis of the boundary-value problem gives rise to two longitudinal arterial indices based on the two amplitudes: longitudinal elasticity Exx at the CCA being estimated from ux0-ante, and ux0-retro as an inverse indicator of the maximum base rotation of the left ventricle (LV) and a positive indicator of longitudinal elasticity at the ascending aorta (AA). The two arterial indices are qualitatively validated by their consistency with the effect of subclinical atherosclerosis and aging on the related parameters in the CV system. The implications of longitudinal elasticity to the LV function and energy transmission in the arterial tree are also discussed.
An Optimal Control Approach for Consensus of General Linear Time-Invariant Multi-Agent Systems
Authors: Shobeiry Poorya , Xin Ming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the consensus problem for general linear time-invariant (LTI) multi-agent systems (MASs) with a single input is studied in a new optimal control framework. The optimal cooperative control law is designed from a modified linear quadratic regulator (LQR) method and an inverse optimal control formulation. Three cost function terms are constructed to address the consensus, control effort, and cooperative tracking, respectively. Three distinct features of this approach can be achieved. First, the optimal feedback control law is derived analytically without involving any numerical solution. Second, this formulation guarantees both asymptotic stability and optimality. Third, the cooperative control law is distributed and only requires local information based on the communication topology to enable the agents to achieve consensus and track a desired trajectory. The performance of this optimal cooperative control method is demonstrated through an example of attitude synchronization of multiple satellites.
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Simulations of Turbulent Flow in Curved Pipes With Different Geometries: A Comparison With Experiments
Authors: Alvarado-Rodríguez C. E. , Sigalotti L. Di G. , Klapp J. , Fierro-Santillán C. R. , Aragón F. , Uribe-Ramírez A. R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The swirling secondary flow in curved pipes is studied in three-space dimensions using a weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (WCSPH) formulation coupled to new nonreflecting outflow boundary conditions. A large eddy simulation (LES) model for turbulence is benchmarked with existing experimental data. After validation of the present model against experimental results for a 90 deg pipe bend, a detailed numerical study aimed at reproducing experimental flow measurements for a wide range of Reynolds numbers has been performed for different pipe geometries, including U pipe bends, S-shaped pipes, and helically coiled pipes. In all cases, the SPH calculated behavior shows reasonably good agreement with the measurements across and downstream the bend in terms of streamwise velocity profiles and cross-sectional contours. Maximum mean-root-square deviations from the experimentally obtained profiles are always less than ∼1.8%. This combined with the very good matching between the SPH and the experimental cross-sectional contours shows the uprising capabilities of the present scheme for handling engineering applications with streamline curvature, such as flows in bends and manifolds.
Impact of Polymer Degradation on Past Studies of the Mean Velocity Profile in Turbulent Boundary Layers
Authors: Elbing Brian R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study reexamines past studies of how drag-reducing polymer solutions modify the log-region of a developing turbulent boundary layer (TBL). The classical view was that the polymers modify the intercept constant without impacting the von Kármán coefficient, which results in the log-region being unaltered though shifted outward from the wall. However, recent work has shown this to be not accurate, especially at high drag reduction (HDR) (&gt;40%). While the deviations to the von Kármán coefficient were conjectured to be related to polymeric properties, this had not been explored. This work examines the scatter in both log-region parameters and estimates the local polymeric properties. This shows that the scatter of the von Kármán coefficient between studies is related to the inner variable based Weissenberg number. In addition, recent polymer ocean results are included that support the implicit assumption in past studies that the maximum wall concentration should be used to define the local polymeric properties.