bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nursing beyond the pandemic: Resilience and determination will shape our future options
Authors: Ali Parveen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe years 2020–21 have been significant for nurses, midwives and all healthcare professionals across the world. While nurses and midwives faced immense pressure and challenges in performing their roles, the pandemic has contributed to bringing a spotlight to the work that nurses, midwives do and the significance of that work. In this article, the author introduces herself as the Editor‐in‐Chief of International Nursing Review and shares her vision for the journal.
Benefits and challenges for hospital nurses engaged in formal mentoring programs: A systematic integrated review
Authors: Kakyo Tracy Alexis , Xiao Lily Dongxia , Chamberlain Diane 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsTo explore the overall benefits and challenges for the mentee, the mentor, and the hospital (stakeholders) in hospital‐sponsored mentoring programs.BackgroundFormal mentoring programs are widely used to assist nurses to adapt to clinical practice, facilitate their career development, and improve workforce retention. However, the overall benefits and challenges for stakeholders involved in formal mentoring programs remain largely unknown due to a lack of systematic reviews to synthesize relevant studies in this important area.DesignA systematic integrated review.Data sourcesA systematic search of six databases including CINAHL, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus, Science Direct, and ProQuest was undertaken.Review methodsStudies that met the inclusion criteria were assessed for methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Findings from qualitative, quantitative, and mixed‐methods studies were extracted and synthesized thematically using a convergent synthesis method.ResultsTwenty‐two original studies were included in the review. Findings are presented under five themes: the benefits for mentees, the benefits for mentors, the benefits for the hospital, challenges perceived by mentees and mentors, and mismatched mentor–mentee pairs.ConclusionMentoring programs that build on reciprocal relationships among mentees and mentors generate substantial benefits for all if mentees are able to navigate the challenges of the complex and dynamic nature of the clinical practice environment. Organizational support is important in overcoming these challenges.
Distinct influenza surveillance networks and their agreement in recording regional influenza circulation: Experience from Southeast Michigan
Authors: DeJonge Peter M. , Monto Arnold S. , Malosh Ryan E. , Petrie Joshua G. , Segaloff Hannah E. , McSpadden Erin , Cheng Caroline , Bazzi Latifa , Callear Amy , Johnson Emileigh , Truscon Rachel , Martin Emily T. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionIn Southeast Michigan, active surveillance studies monitor influenza activity in hospitals, ambulatory clinics, and community households. Across five respiratory seasons, we assessed the contribution of data from each of the three networks towards improving our overall understanding of regional influenza circulation.MethodsAll three networks used case definitions for acute respiratory illness (ARI) and molecularly tested for influenza from research‐collected respiratory specimens. Age‐ and network‐stratified epidemic curves were created for influenza A and B. We compared stratified epidemic curves visually and by centering at seasonal midpoints.ResultsAcross all seasons (from 2014/2015 through 2018/2019), epidemic curves from each of the three networks were comparable in terms of both timing and magnitude. Small discrepancies in epidemics recorded by each network support previous conclusions about broader characteristics of particular influenza seasons.ConclusionInfluenza surveillance systems based in hospital, ambulatory clinic, and community household settings appear to provide largely similar information regarding regional epidemic activity. Together, multiple levels of influenza surveillance provide a detailed view of regional influenza epidemics, but a single surveillance system—regardless of population subgroup monitored—appears to be sufficient in providing vital information regarding community influenza epidemics.
Smartphone‐based exercise intervention for chronic pain: PainReApp randomized clinical trial protocol
Authors: Moral‐Munoz Jose A. , Salazar Alejandro , Dueñas María , De Sola Helena , Failde Inmaculada 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effectiveness of PainReApp, an mHealth system, based on physical exercise recommendations for patients with chronic pain (low back pain, fibromyalgia and diabetic neuropathic pain) based on pain intensity, quality of life, anxiety and/or depression, and sleep quality.DesignSingle‐blinded randomized controlled trial.MethodsOne hundred patients from three different chronic conditions (low back pain, fibromyalgia and neuropathic diabetic pain) will be recruited and randomized into two groups to receive the intervention with a physical activity program guided by the PainReApp system (experimental group) or with the program information in paper format (control group). All patients will attend a first face‐to‐face session in which the smartphone application usage (experimental group) and exercise execution will be explained (both groups). Data will be collected at baseline, 4, 12 and 24 weeks. Nevertheless, the users of the application will have a daily registry of the exercise performed and the self‐perceived difficulty. The primary outcomes of the trial will be the intensity of pain and quality of life. Anxiety and/or depression and sleep quality will be also assessed to evaluate the influence of the physical activity at multiple levels.DiscussionPhysical exercise is becoming one of the leading evidence‐based interventions to treat chronic pain. It needs to be adapted to the necessities of each pain condition. One of the major problems is the low adherence to the proposed program. New strategies that empower the patients, such as the m‐Health, are reliable and useful tools to ease this end.ImpactTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first long‐term randomized controlled trial researching the impact of an m‐health system on chronic pain from different origin. The intervention is based on international physical exercise recommendations and can be performed without specific material, allowing the home‐based practice.Trial registrationAustralian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12621000783820).
Exploring behavioural patterns of virtual manipulatives supported collaborative inquiry learning: Effect of device‐student ratios and external scripts
Authors: Wang Cixiao , Xu Lingling , Liu Hui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundVirtual manipulatives (VMs) are increasingly adopted in inquiry activities. However, the effects of the ratio of mobile device‐based VMs to students and external scripts (a guiding structure for prompting group process) provision on group interaction has not been detailed.ObjectivesThis study proposed four different technology affordance conditions for collaborative inquiry learning: 1:1 device‐student ratio (one tablet per student) with external scripts, 1:m ratio (one tablet per group) with external scripts, 1:1 ratio without external scripts, and 1:m ratio without external scripts. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of technology affordances on group behavioural patterns during collaborative inquiry learning.MethodsThe research participants were 21 fifth‐grade students from 4 classes (totalling 130 students) in a public elementary school. Students' collaborative inquiry behavioural patterns were video‐recorded during three themed inquiry activities. To identify the behavioural patterns of groups, this study developed an action‐oriented coding scheme for collaborative inquiry learning emphasizing and coded student actions during cooperation. Through lag sequential analysis and dialog content analysis, the behavioural transition modes of groups were obtained.ResultsThe results show that device‐student ratios and external scripts affect behavioural patterns through resource coordination, information interaction, collaborative atmosphere, and task awareness.ImplicationsIn mobile device‐support collaborative inquiry learning, the 1:m device‐student ratio yielded more exchanges to test and apply new constructions than that of the 1:1 ratio. External scripts were more applicable to the 1:m condition than to the 1:1 condition.
Heterogeneous expression of ACE2 and TMPRRS2 in mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Generali Melanie , Kehl Debora , Wanner Debora , Okoniewski Michal J. , Hoerstrup Simon P. , Cinelli Paolo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe outbreak of COVID‐19 has become a serious public health emergency. The virus targets cells by binding the ACE2 receptor. After infection, the virus triggers in some humans an immune storm containing the release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines followed by multiple organ failure. Several vaccines are enrolled, but an effective treatment is still missing. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown to secrete immunomodulatory factors that suppress this cytokine storm. Therefore, MSCs have been suggested as a potential treatment option for COVID‐19. We report here that the ACE2 expression is minimal or nonexistent in MSC derived from three different human tissue sources (adipose tissue, umbilical cord Wharton`s jelly and bone marrow). In contrast, TMPRSS2 that is implicated in SARS‐CoV‐2 entry has been detected in all MSC samples. These results are of particular importance for future MSC‐based cell therapies to treat severe cases after COVID‐19 infection.
Relationship between the early initiation of insulin treatment and diabetic complications in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korea: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Jeon Ha‐Lim , Kim Won , Kim Bongseong , Shin Ju‐Young 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo evaluate the relationship between early insulin initiation within a year after type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis and the risk of diabetic complications.Materials and methodsWe carried out a cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. The study participants were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus between 2009 and 2013. After applying propensity score matching (1:1) to the cohort of patients who received two or more oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) or insulin as the first prescription within 1 year after type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis, we computed hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a Cox proportional hazards regression to compare the risk of diabetes‐related microvascular and macrovascular complications and all‐cause mortality in insulin versus OAD initiators.ResultsWithin the cohort, 52,188 and 1,804 patients received OAD and insulin, respectively. After matching, each group contained 534 patients. Compared with the OAD group, the risk of overall microvascular complications was significantly higher for insulin (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.28–1.71). No increased risks of overall macrovascular complications (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.62–1.30) and all‐cause mortality were observed (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.67–1.68).ConclusionsIn the present study, early insulin treatment was not associated with the risk of macrovascular complications and all‐cause mortality compared with OAD treatment; however, the risk of microvascular complications was higher in the insulin group.
Association of a geriatric emergency department program with healthcare outcomes among veterans
Authors: Huded Jill M. , Lee Albert , Song Sunah , McQuown Colleen M. , Wilson Brigid M. , Smith Todd I. , Bonomo Robert A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe aim to describe the outcomes of Geriatric Emergency Room Innovations for Veterans (GERI‐VET), the first comprehensive Veterans Affairs Geriatric ED program.MethodsIn this prospective observational cohort study at an urban Veterans Affairs Medical Center ED, participants included Veterans aged 65 years and older treated in the ED from January 7, 2017 to February 29, 2020. Veterans with an Identification of Seniors At Risk (ISAR) score >2 were considered eligible for GERI‐VET, receiving geriatric screens and care coordination in addition to standard ED treatment. The control group included GERI‐VET eligible Veterans who did not receive GERI‐VET care. Propensity score matching was used to compare outcomes in the GERI‐VET group (N = 725) and a matched control group (n = 725). Key measures included ED resource utilization, outpatient referrals, ED admission, and 30‐day admission.ResultsIn the ED, the GERI‐VET group received more consults to pharmacy (315 [43.4%] vs. 195 [26.9%], p < 0.001) and social work (399 [55.0%] vs. 132 [18.2%], p < 0.001). The GERI‐VET group had higher referral rates to Geriatrics (64 [17.7%] vs. 18 [5.8%], p < 0.001) and Home Based Primary Care (110 [30.4%] vs. 24 [7.8%], p < 0.001). Key outcome measures included lower rates of ED admission (363 [50.1%] vs. 417 [n = 57.5%], p = 0.003) and 30‐day hospital admission (412 [56.8%] vs. 464 [64.0%], p = 0.004) without increasing ED length of stay (5.4 ± 2.2 vs. 5.4 ± 2.6 h, p = 0.85) or 72‐h ED revisits (23 [3.2%] vs. 16 [2.2%], p = 0.25) in the GERI‐VET group.ConclusionsA program designed to screen for geriatric syndromes and coordinate care among at‐risk older Veterans was associated with increased multidisciplinary resource utilization and reduced ED and 30‐day admissions without increasing ED length of stay or re‐visitation.
Use of antipsychotic and sedative medications in older patients in the emergency department
Authors: Kennedy Maura , Koehl Jennifer , Gao Jingya , Ciampa Katherine A. , Hayes Bryan D. , Camargo Carlos A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundAntipsychotics and sedatives are used to treat agitation in the emergency department (ED) but carry significant risk in older adults. Our objective was to determine factors associated with their administration to older ED patients.MethodsThis was an observational study using data from the 2014–2017 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. We identified ED visits for patients aged ≥65 years and determined whether an antipsychotic or sedative was administered. Visits related to substance use/withdrawal, other psychiatric complaints, and intubation were excluded. We performed multivariable logistic regression to identify risk factors for antipsychotic or sedative administration.ResultsOf the 78.7 million ED visits that met inclusion criteria, 3.5% involved at least one dose of antipsychotic or sedative medication; 13% involved an antipsychotic and 92% a sedative. Factors associated with antipsychotic administration included nursing home residence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.05–6.80), dementia (aOR: 5.62; 95% CI: 2.44–12.94), and delirium (aOR: 7.33; 95% CI: 2.21–24.32). Sedative administration was positively associated with CT or MR imaging (aOR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.42–2.43), urbanicity of ED (aOR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.02–2.08), and female gender (aOR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.08–1.99) and negatively associated with older age (age: 75–84; aOR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.49–0.91; age: 85+; aOR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.45–0.88; reference age: 65–74 years). Antipsychotic and sedative administration were associated with prolonged ED lengths of stay and hospital admission.ConclusionWe identified patient‐ and facility‐level factors associated with sedative and antipsychotic administration in older ED patients. Antipsychotic and sedative administration were associated with prolonged ED lengths of stay and hospital admission.
A G‐type lectin receptor‐like kinase regulates the perception of oomycete apoplastic expansin‐like proteins
Authors: Pi Lei , Yin Zhiyuan , Duan Weiwei , Wang Nan , Zhang Yifan , Wang Jinghao , Dou Daolong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPhytophthora capsici is one of the most harmful pathogens in agriculture, which threatens the safe production of multiple crops and causes serious economic losses worldwide. Here, we identified a P. capsici expansin‐like protein, PcEXLX1, by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry from Nicotiana benthamiana apoplastic fluid infected with P. capsici. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/crispr associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9)‐mediated PcEXLX1 knockout mutants exhibited significantly enhanced virulence, while the overexpression of PcEXLX1 impaired the virulence. Prokaryotically expressed PcEXLX1 activated multiple plant immune responses, which were BRI1‐associated kinase 1 (BAK1)‐ and suppressor of BIR1‐1 (SOBIR1)‐dependent. Furthermore, overexpression of PcEXLX1 homologs in N. benthamiana could also increase plant resistance to P. capsici. A G‐type lectin receptor‐like kinase from N. benthamiana, expansin‐regulating kinase 1 (ERK1), was shown to regulate the perception of PcEXLX1 and positively mediate the plant resistance to P. capsici. These results reveal that the expansin‐like protein, PcEXLX1, is a novel apoplastic effector with plant immunity‐inducing activity of oomycetes, perception of which is regulated by the receptor‐like kinase, ERK1.
Of the necessary interplay of therapy and pedagogy in psychiatric hospitals for children with intellectual disability
Authors: Kuhn K. , Albertowski K. 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundMentally ill children with intellectual disabilities do not always receive the services they need for effective change at psychiatric hospitals, as their verbal limitations render standard procedures in diagnostics and therapy difficult or impossible, as their ability to transfer insights acquired in one setting to another is impaired and as their families and caretakers are often overwhelmed by their needs. This is why an integral vision for children with intellectual disabilities is presented. Drawing on three case reports, it is highlighted how an interdisciplinary approach, a changed hospital set‐up and constant interplay between therapy and pedagogy, between services to the child and to its caregivers can help overcome these difficulties.MethodCase reports.ConclusionsSome children risk being mistakenly treated as intellectually disabled. If testing reveals, for example, autism with a mild learning disability, psychoeducation and the pedagogical training for (special school) personnel can help prevent underachievement and bring about a setting that can help the child flourish. Both sensitive care and pedagogical intervention that fit the developmental age of severely intellectually disabled children can prevent their receiving sedatives to treat aggressive behaviour. Substantial and lasting shifts in mood, even happiness can result if parents and caregivers get the pedagogical training and the assistance they need to take care of their children. Reliable and well‐structured pedagogical training and environments can enhance and often substitute for unavailable therapeutic interventions for this specific group. With some profound intellectually and multiply disabled children, beginning medical treatment at home may not be safe. The (in)effectiveness of specific psychiatric medications needs to be monitored by observations however. For reliable results with intellectually disabled children, a clinical setting that resembles their everyday life is needed.
Efficacy and safety testing of dissolving microarray patches in Chinese subjects
Authors: Ma Yonghao , Li Chengguo , Mai Zhuoxian , Yang Jian , Tai Meiling , Leng Gang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivesThere is a lack of clinical research in the Chinese market concerning dissolving microarray (DMA) patches in cosmetic applications. In this study, the clinical efficacy and safety tests of DMA patch technology were performed on Chinese consumers.MethodsA 4‐week clinical efficacy and safety evaluation was conducted on 30 Chinese female subjects with crow's feet and eye bags. DMA patches loaded with hyaluronic acid (HA‐DMA) were applied under the eyes and corners of the eyes of the subjects three times a week over four consecutive weeks. Skin firmness and dermal layer strength were measured using ultrasound, and changes in skin wrinkles were detected using VISIA‐CR and Primos Lite. Eye bag ratings were evaluated by professional dermatologists based on the 0–6 grades of eye bags in the “Skin Aging Atlas Volume 2: Asian Type.”ResultsHA‐DMA patches produced good clinical improvements on both crow's feet and eye bags in the study participants. HA‐DMA effectively increased skin firmness while reducing the number, area, and volume of crow's feet, along with reducing eye bag ratings. The reductions in all metrics were statistically significant with positive effects evident in as little as 1 week of treatment. There were no adverse effects related to the treatments observed during the test period.ConclusionsIn a clinical efficacy trial of 30 Chinese female subjects, HA‐DMA showed excellent therapeutic benefits without adverse effects while reducing crow's feet and eye bags. HA‐DMA is expected to be a safe, effective, and novel cosmetic for improving the appearance of aging skin.
A National Review of State Laws for Stock Epinephrine in Schools
Authors: Volerman Anna , Brindley Claire , Amerson Nancy , Pressley Tiffanie , Woolverton Nikki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundAnaphylaxis is a life‐threatening allergic reaction with significant risk for children with allergies. Access to potentially life‐saving medication is critical for these children. This review aims to describe state laws and policies guiding stock epinephrine in schools for allergic or anaphylactic events and detail recommendations for best practices.MethodsThis paper is a comprehensive review of the 50 states and the District of Columbia's (DC) laws and policies for stock epinephrine at schools for children in pre‐kindergarten through 12th grade.ResultsAll 50 states and DC allow undesignated epinephrine in schools to use for allergic or anaphylactic reactions. A key difference arises in whether states allow (N = 37) or mandate (N = 14) that schools stock epinephrine. States exhibit differences in the body responsible for developing stock epinephrine policy (N = 48), along with stakeholders responsible for developing procedures (N = 30) and implementing them (N = 19). Differences also exist in state epinephrine procurement, administration, training, and liability.ConclusionsThis review of stock epinephrine laws and policies highlights the significant variation in state legislation despite widespread adoption. Only one‐quarter of states mandate that schools have stock epinephrine available for emergency use, underscoring need for a more unified approach with consistent guidelines, comprehensive training, and possible funding for implementation.
Stance in narration: Finding structure in complex sociolinguistic variation
Authors: Bohmann Axel , Ahlers Wiebke 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStancetaking is a complex linguistic practice at the levels of both function and form, and as such is difficult to analyze in a narrow variable context. Instead of treating stance as a linguistic variable in the variationist sense, we analyze how participants use different types and forms of stancetaking in a specific speech event, the re‐narration of a story. A combined view of the range of different options used by speakers allows us to describe similarities and differences among them as well as to identify two groups with distinct stance styles. At the methodological level, the contribution demonstrates the utility of cluster analysis for research on linguistic style.