bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Representing Qualitative Action Models for Learning in Complex Virtual Worlds
Authors:   , Clarke Adam 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis addresses the problem of representing and learning qualitative models of behaviour in complex virtual worlds. It presents a novel representation, ‘Q-Systems’, that integrates two existing representation frameworks: qualitative process models and action description languages. QSystems combines the expressive power of both frameworks to allow actions and world dynamics to be modelled in a common way using a representation based on non-deterministic and probabilistic finite state machines. The representation supports learning and planning by using a modular approach that partitions world behaviour into ‘systems’ of objects with specific contexts and a related behaviour. Q-Systems was developed and tested using an agent in a rich simulated world that was created as part of the thesis. The simulation uses a rigid body physics engine to produce complex realistic interactions between objects. An action system and a qualitative vision system were also developed to allow the agent to observe and act in the simulated world. The thesis includes a proposed two stage learning process comprising an initial stage in which ‘histories’ (contextually and temporally restricted sequences of observations) are extracted from interactions with the simulation, and a second stage in which the histories are generalised to create a knowledge base of system models. An algorithm for generating histories is presented and a number of heuristics are implemented and compared. A system for learning generalised models is presented and it is used to assess the suitability of Q-Systems with respect to learning in complex environments. Planning with Q-Systems is demonstrated in an agent which reasons with generalised models to work out how to achieve goals in the simulated world. A simple planning algorithm is described and a variety of issues are explored. Planning with a single system is shown to be relatively straightforward due to the modular nature of Q-Systems. This thesis demonstrates that Q-Systems successfully integrate two different representation frameworks and that they can be used in learning and planning in complex environments. The initial results are promising, but further investigation is required to fully understand the advantages and disadvantages of the Q-System approach compared with existing learning systems. This would involve the development of benchmark problems (currently there are none for this particular domain).</p>
NZ Inc: New Zealand’s Whole-of-Government Approach to Peace Support Operations
Authors:   , Martin Callum 
Published: November 2021

<p>Into the late 1990s the international community began to develop new methods for assisting fragile states. It was recognised that development principles and practice were often insufficient to resolve the ‘complex operations’ they were entering. This was especially true when engaging states that lacked either the political commitment or the practical capacity to deliver basic social and public services. The defining feature of these operations is that assistance is required across all pillars of civil society – economic, law and justice, governance and public administration. Without effectively addressing each of these pillars there is a significant risk of systemic failure. A key challenge of engagement across these pillars is coordinating the growing number of contributions – both civilian and military. The whole-of-government approach has been promoted as a method to ameliorate this challenge. It is argued that the approach reduces departmental silos, promotes policy coherence, and provides efficiency while better addressing the complexity of the operating environment. While this may be true, the rhetoric is ill-defined and generates confusion as to what it means at a practical level. In short, it remains unclear how to achieve an efficient and effective whole-of-government approach or what that would actually look like. This thesis examines this dilemma and identifies the factors for successful implementation of New Zealand’s whole-of-government approach to peace support operations. Rather than concentrating on the formerly popular ‘machinery of government’ changes, this thesis argues that there are three overarching factors when implementing a whole-of-government approach. The first requirement is strategic direction from Government. This should come in the form of a national security statement and subsidiary individual country strategies. The second is culture change across the public sector. This focuses on the ‘soft issues’ such as organisational cultures, values and routines, professional beliefs, as well as institutional values and preferences. Significantly for peace support operations, this must be extended to promote a culture of education and awareness of host nation history and society. The third factor is accurate and flexible performance indicators and measurement to ensure that success can be identified and achieved. Effective execution of these factors will add value and promote excellence in New Zealand’s peace support operations.</p>
Baa, Baa, Black Sheep Have You Any Wool? Developing the RBV Through a Study of the New Zealand Merino Clothing Industry
Authors:   , Jackson Andrew 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis explores how the traditional approaches to researching the Resource-Based View (RBV) do not fully address the heterogeneity within the participants of the research. Traditional approaches assume similar levels of knowledge, prioritisation, and value (awareness) are held across the participants. This thesis proposes that this similarity may not exist for every industry. Focused on the New Zealand merino clothing industry, this research employed two studies to determine the key characteristics and perceptions of the main players in the industry. Initially an industry profile is formed from secondary data sources, which covers the 30 years since the inception of the New Zealand merino clothing industry. This profile forms the basis for the interview sample and provides comparison for interview findings. Through the use of open-ended questions and a semi-structured interview process this thesis carried out interviews with the CEOs of thirteen New Zealand based merino clothing firms from throughout New Zealand. These interviews offered the participants the opportunity to express their perspectives on the resources they deem to be most important. The outcomes of these interviews are surprising; with the results questioning more assumptions of RBV research than just the similarity of awareness. Drawing together the analysis of the industry profile and the findings of the interviews, these two studies highlight a number of key findings. Most significantly, it is apparent that the majority of the interviewees do not perceive themselves as competing, though the industry profile indicates that the industry has a high level of competitive rivalry. Additionally, the firms do not appear to be differentiating themselves from one another, with few unique approaches utilised by the interviewees in regards to product, design, and business practice. Lastly, this thesis illustrates that these differences in perception between the industry profile analysis and the interview findings could be due to the ambition and future perspectives of the CEOs.</p>
Listas dos Quintos e do Real Donativo: atividades econômicas, mineração e escravidão no Termo de Vila Rica (1715-31)
Authors: Gaspar Tarcísio de Souza 
Published: November 2021

Este artigo analisa as listas tributárias dos quintos e do Real Donativo remanescentes para o Termo de Vila Rica, nas Minas Gerais, entre 1715 e 1731. Tomando por referência o súdito pagante que maior contribuição deu aos cofres reais neste período e comparando ostensivamente a sua situação às dos demais contribuintes de Vila Rica, o trabalho identificou grupos socioeconômicos e hierarquias sociais explícitas nas faixas de propriedade ou fortuna e nas diferentes atividades produtivas que as listas fiscais discriminam. Os resultados apresentados permitem rediscutir a importância da atividade mineradora, cuja dimensão vinha sendo colocada em cheque na historiografia atual dedicada à região. Demonstrou-se que senhores exclusivamente mineradores chegaram a ostentar extensa escravaria e a desenvolver empreendimentos econômicos de grande porte.

Palavras-chave: mineração, Vila Rica, Listas dos Quintos e do Real Donativo, Escravidão
Hiperplasia Nodular Histiocítica: Uma Manifestação Rara à Exposição ao Asbesto
Authors: Storch Layni , Gama Lívia Marques da Silva , Porto Fernando Guimarães , Baldon Isabella Vargas , Amorim André Felipe Candeas , Dos Santos Francyellen Bandeira , Clara Tony Coimbra 
Published: November 2021

A hiperplasia nodular histiocítica (HNH) consiste em uma condição rara, sem predileção por sexo ou idade, marcada por um processo proliferativo benigno, por vezes confundido com neoplasia maligna, constituído majoritariamente por histiócitos (1, 2). Inflamação crônica local e irritação mecânica estão entre as principais causas postuladas para essa entidade. Patologias malignas, por outro lado, representam os principais diagnósticos diferenciais, o que evidencia a importância clínica de seu diagnóstico assertivo sendo a imunohistoquímica uma importante ferramenta diagnóstica (3). Nesse artigo, os autores descrevem um relato de caso de hiperplasia nodular histiocítica pleuro-pulmonar em um paciente do sexo masculino, não tabagista, com história de exposição ao asbesto o qual provavelmente incitou um processo inflamatório crônico com proliferação de histiócitos. O paciente apresentava dispnéia, dor pleurítica e hemoptise além de derrame pleural hemorrágico recorrente evoluindo a óbito por exacerbação dos sintomas. Apesar da entidade ser descrita na literatura como uma proliferação celular benigna histiocitária, há raros casos relatados sobre a evolução e tratamento da doença.
Palavras chaves: Hiperplasia nodular histiocítica, asbesto, pleura, pulmão.
REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA: SÍNDROME INFLAMATÓRIA MULTISSISTÊMICA PEDIÁTRICA ASSOCIADA AO COVID-19
Authors: Martins Gabriele Maria Viana , Rangel Suellen dos Santos , Eduardo Mariana Pompermayer , Rosário Inês Raquel Alves da Silva , Dias Eliane Cristina Casimiro Alves 
Published: November 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é conhecer a Síndrome Inflamatória Multissistêmica Pediátrica associada ao COVID-19 (SIM-P) e alertar profissionais de saúde sobre a importância do diagnóstico e condutas precoces. Esse estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, utilizando artigos nacionais e internacionais dos seguintes bancos de dados: PUBMED, SciELO e Clinicalkey. Sabe-se que a COVID-19 é uma doença altamente contagiosa que rapidamente se tornou um problema de saúde pública mundial. Desde o início da pandemia, os idosos e portadores de comorbidades fazem parte do grupo de risco. Enquanto, as crianças, normalmente, são assintomáticas e preocupam mais pelo fato serem consideradas um reservatório do vírus, podendo transmiti-lo. No entanto, recentemente, foram notificados casos infantis que tiveram uma evolução atípica. A Síndrome Inflamatória Multissistêmica Pediátrica associada ao COVID-19 foi relatada pela primeira vez na Europa como uma doença que ocorre semanas após a fase aguda da infecção pelo SARS-COV-2. As manifestações clínicas e as características laboratoriais dessa doença são semelhantes a outras doenças inflamatórias presentes na pediatria como a Síndrome de Kawasaki típica, Kawasaki incompleta, síndrome do choque tóxico, sepse bacteriana e síndrome de ativação macrofágica. Diferentemente do que é observado nas demais doenças inflamatórias, a SIM-P afeta preferencialmente crianças maiores que 5 anos, afrodescendentes, além de apresentar uma maior incidência de disfunção cardíaca. O tratamento deve envolver ações multidisciplinares e ser precoce a fim de minimizar as complicações associadas a essa patologia, principalmente cardíacas e, assim, diminuir a mortalidade.
EVOLUÇÃO CLÍNICA DA SÍNDROME SARS-CoV-2 EM PACIENTE PORTADOR DE HIPERTENSÃO, DIABETES TIPO II E SÍNDROME METABÓLICA – RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Souza Poubel de Paula Renata Souza , Hübner Freitas dos Santos Silva Machado Marina , Beber Machado Bruno , Paiva Moraes Augusto , Batista Marques Junior Roberto 
Published: November 2021

Introdução: A pandemia do Covid-19 trouxe uma corrida em busca da cura para as infecções pelo SARS-CoV-2. Os sintomas mais relatados são febre, tosse, dispneia e dificuldades respiratórias, embora muitos casos declaradas assintomáticos. Há um grande investimento na ciência e tecnologia nesse momento e, também, muitos questionamentos a respeito da ética na condução dessas pesquisas. Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo é descrever a evolução da síndrome SARS-CoV-2 no paciente e as medidas adotadas durante o seu tratamento. Metodologia: O método utilizado foi um relato de caso de um paciente diagnosticado com Covid-19, portador de hipertensão, diabetes tipo II e síndrome metabólica, com comprometimento pulmonar significativo e infiltrado de vidro fosco difuso, que evoluiu para internação na unidade de terapia intensiva – UTI. O protocolo de posição prona, preconizado para o tratamento de pacientes acometidos pelo Covid-19, não pode ser utilizado durante a internação, devido a sua obesidade. Resultados: O paciente apresentou hipoxemia associada a dispneia, com episódios de dessaturação, com a necessidade de oxigenoterapia e ventilação não invasiva de forma constante, por meio de cânula nasal de O2. Conclusão: A posição prona é segura e deve ser utilizada sempre que possível por favorecer a resposta positiva ao tratamento, entretanto, o paciente recuperou-se do quadro sem realizá-la. É fundamental a monitorização do paciente, assim como acompanhar a evolução pulmonar da doença, por meio de exames de imagem.
PERFORMANCE DOS 50 DIAS DE FUNCIONAMENTO DO CTI COVID 19 NO HOSPITAL ÁLVARO ALVIM
Authors: Ribeiro de Andrade Sodré Renato , Da Silva Rosário Inês Raquel Alves , Eduardo Mariana Pompermayer , Rangel Suellen dos Santos , Martins Gabriele Maria Viana , Rodrigues Patricia Rangel 
Published: November 2021

RESUMO: A síndrome respiratória aguda severa-Coronavírus(SARS-CoV)- é um vírus altamente transmissível e patogênico que surgiu em humanos no início do século 21 e deu origem a primeira pandemia do milênio. Os sintomas mais comuns observados são tosse, febre, cefaléia, prostração, dor abdominal, perda do olfato e paladar e dispnéia. Casos mais graves evoluem com insuficiência respiratória e infecção bacteriana secundária. O tratamento adequado ainda não é bem definido, com estudos de metodologia fraca que não garantem segurança ao médico. O SAPS 3 é uma ferramenta validada externamente que prevê a mortalidade na UTI, porém não abrange pacientes com COVID, podendo estimar uma mortalidade que não seja real. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar a performance do CTI COVID do Hospital Escola Álvaro Alvim (HEAA) comparando a mortalidade obtida com o esperado pelo resultado do SAPS 3, o resultado mostra uma mortalidade de 45% do CTI contra 69% de mortalidade esperada pelo SAPS 3. No referido serviço de estudo, optou-se por não utilizar a hidroxicloroquina, ivermectina e doses elevados de corticoide. O bom resultado do setor e foi aderido ao uso da dexametasona 6 mg/dia e antibioticoterapia precoce além de priorizar a ventilação protetora e a prona ativa ou passiva precoce.
Pendampingan Tahsin Musykilatul Qira’at Imam Hafs dalam Membaca Al-Qur’an Untuk Masyarakat Malang Raya
Authors: Murdiono Murdiono , Fauzi Moh. Fery , Amin Muhammad 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this devotional activity is to provide assistance to the people of Malang Raya, especially the congregation of Ahmad Dahlan Karangploso Mosque in improving the ability to read musykilatul Qira'at in Reading the Qur'an according to imam hafs ashim history. The method of devotion with lectures and practice directly. The lecture method contains socialization to the community about qiro'at musykilatul. While the training is used by practicing directly the readings or verses that include Musykilatul verses according to the imam hafs. Stages of service implementation; (1) socialization for the delivery of materials to participants, (2) Implementation of musykilatul verse practices. (3) evaluation of activities. The output of this activity is the ability to read musykilatul verses of imam hafs properly. The service program was held on July 20, 2020 at masjid KH. Ahmad Dahlan Karangploso. Participants who attended the event were about 25 people. The results of this devotional activity show that the community has a high motivation in learning the Qur'an and understanding the reading of musykilatul verses of imam hafs, as well as being able to practice the reading well and correctly which is shown by the ability to answer questions about musykilat verses.
Policy Networks: Actors, Interests, and Power Relations in the Jakarta Bay Reclamation Project
Authors: Sampurna Rizki Hegia , Chou Chih-Chieh 
Published: November 2021

This case study seeks to understand the policy-making of the Jakarta bay reclamation project through the analytical lens of the policy networks. It posits that different policy networks would possibly produce or condition different policy outcomes in the project. The study uses a qualitative secondary data analysis. The study found: First, policy changes in the project, from initiation to implementation and finally termination, might be explained through the formation and transformation of different types of policy networks. Overall, the networks were characterized by fluctuating interactions among actors and the persistent power struggle between economic, environmental, and societal interests. Second, the networks’ type changes were possible due to two factors: (1) the political context of the 2017 gubernatorial election; and (2) the influences of environmental and societal ideas. Studi kasus ini berupaya untuk memahami pembuatan kebijakan proyek reklamasi teluk Jakarta melalui lensa analitik policy networks. Studiiniberasumsi bahwa jenis policy networksyang berbeda mungkin akan menghasilkan atau mengkondisikan hasil kebijakan yang berbeda dalam proyektersebut. Hasil studi ini menemukanbeberapatemuan. Pertama, perubahan kebijakan dalam proyek, dari inisiasi hingga implementasi dan akhirnya penghentian, dapat dijelaskan melalui pembentukan dan transformasi berbagai jenis policy networks. Secara keseluruhan, networkstersebutditandai oleh interaksi yang berfluktuasi di antara para aktor dan perebutan kekuasaan yang terus-menerus antara kepentingan ekonomi dan lingkungan dan masyarakat. Kedua, perubahan jenis networks tersebut kemungkinan disebabkan oleh dua faktor: (1) konteks politik Pilgub 2017; dan (2) pengaruh gerakanpemikiran lingkungan dan sosial.
Penerapan Total Quality Management (Tqm) Pada Dosen Lewat	Pembelajaran Online Berbahasa Inggris Agar Terciptanya Hasil Yang Maksimal
Authors: Purnamasari Linda 
Published: November 2021

Memberikan kuliah secara online tidaklah mudah, apalagi untuk mengajarkan presentasi dalam bahasa Inggris. Dibutuhkan Total Quality Management (TQM) dari dosen dalam memandu para mahasiswa ini sehingga mereka bisa menjadi mahasiswa yang mandiri Untuk itulah penelitian ini dibuat, untuk menjawab masalah penelitian yaitu sejauh mana penerapan kepemimpinan mandiri total quality management (TQM) yang dibuat oleh peneliti berhasil digunakan dengan belajar presentasi melalui E-Learning pada para mahasiswa mata kuliah Business English semester ganjil 2020/2021 kelas KH003 Kampus Harapan Indah sehingga bisa menghasilkan nilai maksimal, dengan objek penelitiannya adalah mahasiswa tersebut di atas. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah menjawab apa yang menjadi masalah penelitian dengan membuat program Total Quality Management (TQM) yang digunakan dosen bisa membuat hasil presentasi mahasiswa mencapai hasil maksimal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif untuk menganalisa data dari nilai presentasi yang didapat para mahasiswa setelah mereka melakukan presentasi dalam bahasa Inggris, untuk melihat sejauh mana mereka bisa mengerti apa yang diinginkan dosen.Sementara metode kualitatif adalah metode yang digunakan oleh peneliti dalam membuat satu program agar para mahasiswa mengerti apa yang diinstruksikan oleh dosen sebelum mereka melakukan presentasi.
Revision surgery following minimally invasive decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis with and without stable degenerative spondylolisthesis: a 5- to 15-year reoperation survival analysis
Authors: Moayeri Nizar , Rampersaud Y. Raja 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
Minimally invasive decompression (MID) is an effective procedure for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Long-term follow-up data on reoperation rates are lacking. The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate reoperation rates in patients with LSS who underwent MID, stratified for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS), with a follow-up between 5 and 15 years.

METHODS
All consecutive patients with LSS who underwent MID between 2002 and 2011 were included. All patients had neurogenic claudication from central and/or lateral recess stenosis, without or with up to 25% of slippage (grade I spondylolisthesis), and no obvious dynamic instability on imaging (increase in spondylolisthesis by ≥ 5 mm demonstrated on supine-to-standing or flexion-extension imaging). Reoperation rates defined as any operation on the same or adjacent level were assessed. Revision decompression alone was considered if the aforementioned clinical and radiographic criteria were met; otherwise, patients underwent a minimally invasive posterior fusion.

RESULTS
A total of 246 patients (mean age 66 years) were included. Preoperative spondylolisthesis was present in 56.9%. The mean follow-up period was 8.2 years (range 5.0−14.9 years). The reoperation rates in patients with and without spondylolisthesis were 15.7% and 15.1%, respectively; fusion was required in 7.1% and 7.5%, with no significant difference (redecompression only, p = 0.954; fusion, p = 0.546). For decompression only, the mean times to reoperation were 3.9 years (95% CI 1.8−6.0 years) for patients with DLS and 2.8 years (95% CI 1.3−4.2 years) for patients without DLS; for fusion, the mean times to reoperation were 3.1 years (95% CI 1.0−5.3 years) and 3.1 years (95% CI 1.1−5.1 years), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
In highly selected patients with stable DLS and leg-dominant pain from central or lateral recess stenosis, the long-term reoperation rate is similar between DLS and non-DLS patients undergoing MIS decompression.