bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manufacturing of 3 D Shrouded Impeller of a Centrifugal Compressor on 3D-Printing machine using FDM Technology
Authors: Aruna Prabha K , Sai Rohit P , Nitturi Sai Chand , Nithin Bobba 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Blades of impellers are intricate and are having complex profiles which are difficult to be manufactured by convectional milling processes. To produce such multifaceted precise dimensional functional components, expertise combined with new technology machining such as 5-Axis CNC machining is required which is costly and tedious task. The impellers components have maximum diameters of 200mm and thickness of blades are less than 1.5mm. A rapid manufacturing technique aids in manufacture of blade profiles which are robust in design and prototypes can be easily made for testing and analysis this aid in design validation. In particular, the investigation was focused on shrouded and unshrouded 3D impeller of centrifugal compressors. The present paper describes about the basic functioning of FDM based 3D printer while printing open and shrouded impeller and various steps involved in it and finally advantages and disadvantages associated with 3D printing technology.
A Low-Cost Portable Smart Card Based Attendance System
Authors: Vinod Vibin Mammen , Murugesan Govindasamy , Mekala V , Thokaiandal S , Vishnudevi M , Siddharth S M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Managing attendance may be a vital record-keeping activity in any institution. There are different methods of maintaining the attendance from manual system where attendance is marked in sheets to automated attendance on the likes of biometrics. The combination of frequency Identification (RFID) with fingerprint biometric technology was to enhance the safety level and integrity of the records. The designed system not only makes the system design simpler but also enhances the productivity of the institution both in terms of man power and time. The system doesn’t only simplify the method of taking attendance but reduces error and allows for faster verification of student attendance, all with minimal human interaction. This technique will help the authorities manage the attendance system in a more organized, efficient and time saving manner. The planning of the system is straightforward and portable making it an honest candidate for commercial and academic purpose. A GUI based version and app-based version has been designed to make the system both PC and mobile friendly. The system is built with various levels of access permissions and security. The system was tested for a small group of 100 students and was found to provide accurate marking of attendance for all users.
Performance Investigation of PLC Hardware for Portable Two-Wheeler Dynamometer Test rig
Authors: Maniar Shubham , Umbarkar Ashish , Morbale Omkar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The dynamometer is an instrument used for torque, force and velocity measurements. In a two-wheeler dynamometer frame, that is the easiest thing to use. So, until now, the testing has been held in the same place, but doing something new is making the whole system portable and being able to carry it anywhere. Therefore, PLC should be used to measure the parameters for input purposes, as many types of PLC are available. The machine is then connected to SCADA for an additional point. In order to monitor the working of the two-wheeler chassis dynamometer, the sensor is also used in the device and can changed the parameters.
The entire dynamometer will be controlled using PLC and HMI (human-machine interface). Like the Sensor Actuators, it can integrate the device with the hardware. I decided to go with Mitsubishi PLC for this research because it has all the specifications I need and the cost that makes this a cost-effective system is lower. The effects of all the parameters are displayed on the HMI panel. For the sensors of the test rig, the simulation was developed and 3 percent of errors were identified compared to the results of the simulation with the data sheet.
Collapse behavior simulation of cylindrical steel shell under landslide impact
Authors: Wang Menghong , Shi Feiyu , Zhao Yaoxiang , Zheng Xiaobin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
ANSYS/LS-DYNA dynamic analysis software was adopted to establish a model of a grid structure impacted by a landslide load, with the dynamic effects of impact loads and contact collision theory considered based on Hamilton’s principle. The case analysis in this study can provide guidance for anti-slump design in similar projects.
Research on influencing factors of high temperature performance of new type noise reduction micro-surfacing
Authors: Li Xinrui 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The micro-surfacing has received widespread attention with its excellent anti-skid performance, waterproof performance, construction characteristics and significant cost advantages. However, the problem of the conventional micro surfacing high driving noise has been criticized. The new noise reduction micro-surfacing has appeared to greatly reduce the traffic noise to a considerable extent and solve the main bottleneck of the further promotion to the micro-surfacing. The noise reduction micro-surfacing proposed in this study has a special binder and gradation, as well as a specific rubber powder filler. Guided by the change rate of the wheel rut width, focused on the four key variables of oil-stone ratio, cement, mineral powder and rubber powder content, the high-temperature performance of the noise reduction micro-surfacing mixture is studied. The research shows: based on the special noise reduction gradation proposed in this article, in order to obtain a new type of noise reduction micro-surfacing with the best anti-rutting performance, the best oil-stone ratio is 10.5%, the best cement content is 1%, and the rubber powder should not exceed 2%.
Investigation of carbonation resistance of recycled aggregate concrete
Authors: Deng Zhiheng , Liu Bing , Huang Ying 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper studied the carbonation resistance of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) designed by two mix proportion design methods through accelerated carbonation test. The investigated variables include water-cement ratio, replacement ratio of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA), and carbonation time. Based on the test results, the effects of water-cement ratio, replacement ratio of RCA, mix proportion design method, and carbonation time on the carbonation resistance of RAC were analyzed and discussed. The results showed that the mix proportion design method has a significant effect on the carbonation resistance of RAC. The replacement ratio of RCA and the water-cement ratio alternately affected the carbonation resistance of RAC. The replacement ratio of RCA is the major factor affecting the carbonation resistance of RAC. In addition, a carbonation model for RAC considering the effect of the mix proportion design method was proposed. The comparison of the test values and calculated values indicates that the proposed model can properly predict the carbonation depth of RAC.
Ultrafast adiabatic frequency conversion
Authors: Margules Peleg , Moses Jeffrey , Suchowski Haim , Porat Gil 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Ultrafast adiabatic frequency conversion is a powerful method, capable of efficiently and coherently transfering ultrashort pulses between different spectral ranges, e.g. from near-infrared to mid-infrared, visible or ultra-violet. This is highly desirable in research fields that are currently limited by available ultrafast laser sources, e.g. attosecond science, strong-field physics, high-harmonic generation spectroscopy and multidimensional mid-infrared spectroscopy. Over the past decade, adiabatic frequency conversion has substantially evolved. Initially applied to quasi-monochromatic, undepleted pump interactions, it has been generalized to include ultrashort, broadband, fully-nonlinear dynamics. Through significant theoretical development and experimental demonstrations, it has delivered new capabilities and superior performance in terms of bandwidth, efficiency and robustness, as compared to other frequency conversion techniques. This article introduces the concept of adiabatic nonlinear frequency conversion, reviews its theoretical foundations, presents significant milestones and highlights contemporary ultrafast applications that may, or already do, benefit from utilizing this method.
Biogeography and genome size evolution of the oldest extant vascular plant genus,Equisetum(Equisetaceae)
Authors: Christenhusz Maarten J M , Chase Mark W , Fay Michael F , Hidalgo Oriane , Leitch Ilia J , Pellicer Jaume , Viruel Juan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsExtant plant groups with a long fossil history are key elements in understanding vascular plant evolution. Horsetails (Equisetum, Equisetaceae) have a nearly continuous fossil record dating back to the Carboniferous, but their phylogenetic and biogeographic patterns are still poorly understood. We use here the most extensive phylogenetic analysis to date as a framework to evaluate their age, biogeography and genome size evolution.MethodsDNA sequences of four plastid loci were used to estimate divergence times and investigate the biogeographic history of all extant species of Equisetum. Flow cytometry was used to study genome size evolution against the framework of phylogenetic relationships in Equisetum.Key ResultsOn a well-supported phylogenetic tree including all extant Equisetum species, a molecular clock calibrated with multiple fossils places the node at which the outgroup and Equisetum diverged at 343 Mya (Early Carboniferous), with the first major split among extant species occurring 170 Mya (Middle Jurassic). These dates are older than those reported in some other recent molecular clock studies but are largely in agreement with a timeline established by fossil appearance in the geological record. Representatives of evergreen subgenus Hippochaete have much larger genome sizes than those of deciduous subgenus Equisetum, despite their shared conserved chromosome number. Subgenus Paramochaete has an intermediate genome size and maintains the same number of chromosomes.ConclusionsThe first divergences among extant members of the genus coincided with the break-up of Pangaea and the resulting more humid, warmer climate. Subsequent tectonic activity most likely involved vicariance events that led to species divergences combined with some more recent, long-distance dispersal events. We hypothesize that differences in genome size between subgenera may be related to the number of sperm flagellae.
Efficient multiple biomedical events extraction via reinforcement learning
Authors: Zhao Weizhong , Zhao Yao , Jiang Xingpeng , He Tingting , Liu Fan , Li Ning 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Multiple events extraction from biomedical literature is a challenging task for biomedical community. Usually, biomedical event extraction is modeled as two sub-tasks, trigger identification and argument detection. Most existing methods perform these two sub-tasks sequentially, and fail to make full use of the interaction between them, leading to suboptimal results for multiple biomedical events extraction.

Results
We propose a novel framework of reinforcement learning (RL) for the task of multiple biomedical events extraction. More specifically, trigger identification and argument detection are treated as main-task and subsidiary-task, respectively. Assigning the event type of triggers (in the main-task) is viewed as the action taken in RL, and the result of corresponding argument detection (i.e. the subsidiary-task) for the identified trigger is used for computing the reward of the taken action. Moreover, the result of the subsidiary-task is modeled as part of environment information in RL to help the procedure of trigger identification. In addition, external biomedical knowledge bases are employed for representation learning of biomedical text, which can improve the performance of biomedical event extraction. Results on two widely used biomedical corpora demonstrate that the proposed framework performs better than the selected baselines on the task of multiple events extraction. The ablation test indicates the contributions of RL and external KBs to the performance improvement in the proposed method. In addition, by modeling multiple events extraction under the RL framework, the supervised information is exploited more effectively than the classical supervised learning paradigm.
Availability  and implementation
Source codes will be available at: https://github.com/David-WZhao/BioEE-RL.
CaMelia: imputation in single-cell methylomes based on local similarities between cells
Authors: Tang Jianxiong , Zou Jianxiao , Fan Mei , Tian Qi , Zhang Jiyang , Fan Shicai 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Single-cell DNA methylation sequencing detects methylation levels with single-cell resolution, while this technology is upgrading our understanding of the regulation of gene expression through epigenetic modifications. Meanwhile, almost all current technologies suffer from the inherent problem of detecting low coverage of the number of CpGs. Therefore, addressing the inherent sparsity of raw data is essential for quantitative analysis of the whole genome.

Results
Here, we reported CaMelia, a CatBoost gradient boosting method for predicting the missing methylation states based on the locally paired similarity of intercellular methylation patterns. On real single-cell methylation datasets, CaMelia yielded significant imputation performance gains over previous methods. Furthermore, applying the imputed data to the downstream analysis of cell-type identification, we found that CaMelia helped to discover more intercellular differentially methylated loci that were masked by the sparsity in raw data, and the clustering results demonstrated that CaMelia could preserve cell-cell relationships and improve the identification of cell types and cell subpopulations.

Availability and implementation
Python code is available at https://github.com/JxTang-bioinformatics/CaMelia.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Connecting social polymorphism to single nucleotide polymorphism: population genomics of the small carpenter bee,Ceratina australensis
Authors: Harpur Brock A , Rehan Sandra M 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHow do social insects expand and adapt to new ranges and how does sociality per se contribute to their success (or failure)? These questions can become tractable with the use of population genomics. We explored the population genomics of the socially polymorphic small carpenter bee, Ceratina australensis, across its range in eastern and southern Australia to search for evidence of selection and identify loci associated with social nesting. We sampled and sequenced fully the genomes of 54 socially and solitarily nesting C. australensis within Queensland, Victoria and South Australia, yielding 2 061 234 single nucleotide polymorphisms across the genome. We found strong evidence of population-specific selection and evidence of genetic variants associated with social nesting behaviour. Both the sets of associated loci and differentially expressed ‘social’ genes had evidence of positive selection, suggesting that alleles at genes associated with social nesting might provide different fitness benefits.
Protein hormone fragmentation in intercellular signaling: hormones as nested information systems
Authors: Campbell Kenneth L , Haspel Nurit , Gath Cassandra , Kurniatash Nuzulul , (Nouduri) Akkiraju Indira , Stuffers Naomi , Vadher Uma 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study explores the hypothesis that protein hormones are nested information systems in which initial products of gene transcription, and their subsequent protein fragments, before and after secretion and initial target cell action, play additional physiological regulatory roles. The study produced four tools and key results: (1) a problem approach that proceeds, with examples and suggestions for in vivo organismal functional tests for peptide–protein interactions, from proteolytic breakdown prediction to models of hormone fragment modulation of protein–protein binding motifs in unrelated proteins; (2) a catalog of 461 known soluble human protein hormones and their predicted fragmentation patterns; (3) an analysis of the predicted proteolytic patterns of the canonical protein hormone transcripts demonstrating near-universal persistence of 9 ± 7 peptides of 8 ± 8 amino acids even after cleavage with 24 proteases from four protease classes; and (4) a coincidence analysis of the predicted proteolysis locations and the 1939 exon junctions within the transcripts that shows an excess (P &lt; 0.001) of predicted proteolysis within 10 residues, especially at the exonal junction (P &lt; 0.01). It appears all protein hormone transcripts generate multiple fragments the size of peptide hormones or protein–protein binding domains that may alter intracellular or extracellular functions by acting as modulators of metabolic enzymes, transduction factors, protein binding proteins, or hormone receptors. High proteolytic frequency at exonal junctions suggests proteolysis has evolved, as a complement to gene exon fusion, to extract structures or functions within single exons or protein segments to simplify the genome by discarding archaic one-exon genes.
Pancytopenia caused by allopurinol and azathioprine interaction in a heart transplant patient: a case report
Authors: Feinman Jason , Rollins Brett , Contreras Johanna , Parikh Aditya 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive now less commonly prescribed after orthotopic heart transplantation. Patients with solid organ transplantation are at increased risk for numerous comorbidities including gout. Co-administration of allopurinol for gout prophylaxis and azathioprine increases the risk for severe myelosuppression due to drug–drug interactions.

Case summary
A 57-year-old male with a history of heart transplant 6 years prior presented with a month of severe fatigue and shortness of breath. His admission laboratory values were notable for severe pancytopenia. Medical workup revealed no haematologic malignancy, viral infection, or other consumptive process. After extensive review, it was discovered that the patient was taking excessive allopurinol for gout. His haematologic abnormalities resolved following discontinuation of allopurinol and treatment with filgrastim and romiplostim and was able to be discharged from the hospital.

Discussion
Azathioprine and allopurinol can potentially cause profound cytopenias due to the increased production of the active metabolites of azathioprine. Given the association between gout and solid organ transplantation, recognition of the risks of medication interaction as well as communication amongst health care providers and between providers and their patients is paramount.
Minimally invasive thymectomy for myasthenia gravis favours left-sided approach and low severity class
Authors: Wilshire Candice L , Blitz Sandra L , Fuller Carson C , Rückert Jens C , Li Feng , Cerfolio Robert J , Ghanim Asem F , Onaitis Mark W , Sarkaria Inderpal S , Wigle Dennis A , Joshi Vijay , Reznik Scott , Bograd Adam J , Vallières Eric , Louie Brian E 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Complete thymectomy is a key component of the optimal treatment for myasthenia gravis. Unilateral, minimally invasive approaches are increasingly utilized with debate about the optimal laterality approach. A right-sided approach has a wider field of view, while a left-sided approach accesses potentially more thymic tissue. We aimed to assess the impact of laterality on perioperative and medium-term outcomes, and to identify predictors of a ‘good outcome’ using standard definitions.

METHODS
We performed a multicentre review of 123 patients who underwent a minimally invasive thymectomy for myasthenia gravis between January 2000 and August 2015, with at least 1-year follow-up. The Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America standards were followed. A ‘good outcome’ was defined by complete stable remission/pharmacological remission/minimal manifestations 0, and a ‘poor outcome’ by minimal manifestations 1–3. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess factors associated with a ‘good outcome’.

RESULTS
Ninety-two percent of thymectomies (113/123) were robotic-assisted. The left-sided approach had a shorter median operating time than a right-sided: 143 (interquartile range, IQR 110–196) vs 184 (IQR 133–228) min, P = 0.012. At a median of 44 (IQR 27–75) months, the left-sided approach achieved a ‘good outcome’ (46%, 31/68) more frequently than the right-sided (22%, 12/55); P = 0.011. Multivariable analysis identified a left-sided approach and Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America class I/II to be associated with a ‘good outcome’.

CONCLUSIONS
A left-sided thymectomy may be preferred over a right-sided approach in patients with myasthenia gravis given the shorter operating times and potential for superior medium-term symptomatic outcomes. A lower severity class is also associated with a ‘good outcome’.
Instruments in the liturgy of the Real Colegio Seminario de Corpus Christi, València, in the 17th century
Authors: Royo Mireya 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Real Colegio Seminario de Corpus Christi in València, founded by Archbishop Juan de Ribera, was (along with the cathedral) the most important centre of musical activity in the city during the 17th century. The Constituciones of the chapel organize the liturgical calendar and its music, in the process stipulating the presence of instrumentalists on certain occasions. Later documents reveal gradual changes that were reflected in this daily practice: on the one hand, wind players were required to play on a growing number of feast-days, and including instruments other than those expected during the first years of the college chapel’s existence, while on the other hand, improvisational vocal practices began to incorporate instrumentalists. Finally, and in consonance with the development of polychoral practices, the usual accompaniment of singing by one or more organs was complemented by use of the harp from the mid 17th century. The present article traces the evolution of instrumental practice as can be appreciated in various documents preserved in the Archives of the Real Colegio.