bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TIME ACCELERATION ANALYSIS AND OPTIMAL COST OF HOSPITAL HOSPITAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT ON SHIP BUILDING USING CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CASE STUDY: PT. PAL INDONESIA (PERSERO))
Authors: Tresnadi Agung , Suparno Suparno , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Kusdiana Wawan 
Published: June 2021

Hospital Auxiliary Ship is an Indonesian Navy ship produced by PT. PAL Indonesia (Persero). The construction of this BRS ship was very time consuming and one of the main parts of the ship building project was the construction of the hull structure. In relation to time and production costs, the shipyard must be as efficient as possible in the use of time in each activity or activity, so that costs can be minimized from the original plan. Acceleration of the total duration in a project is done by accelerating critical activities in the project. To find out which are the critical activities of a project, the Critical Path Method (CPM) technique is used; namely by drawing a Network Diagram of the project. By using the CPM method in scheduling a ship hull construction project, it can be seen which activities should take precedence so as not to experience delays and waste. After that, the crashing method is carried out by increasing work hours (overtime) which aims to speed up the time of the project. The results of research for activities that are in the initial critical path with the CPM method can be seen as activities A, C, H, M, R, W, AB, AC, AD, AI, AP, AT, BA, BJ, BN. After accelerating, the critical path activities include activities A, C, H, M, R, W, X, AC, AD, AI, AP, AT, BA, BH, BO. Calculation of the project during initial conditions with Early working days without using overtime hours PT PAL Indonesia (Persero) costs Rp. 5,299,631,000, - while the Crashing Method is through the addition of 1 hour / day overtime so that the project implementation can be accelerated from the initial implementation of 450 days to 412 days and PT. PAL Indonesia (Persero) issued a project cost of Rp. 5,323,752,480, -.

Keywords: Hospital Support Ship, Scheduling, CPM, Crashing.
THE OPERATIONAL READINESS FOR ANTI SUBMARINE INDONESIAN NAVAL BY USING ANTI SUBMARINE HELICOPTER
Authors: Muksin Muksin , Ciptomulyono Udisubakti , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Sunarta Sunarta 
Published: June 2021

Some of the Indonesian naval effort to see and protect the Indonesian territory is by using Helicopter sea patrol. In the other side, submarines are the most strategic weapons in the world that can provide a deterrence effect which has a very significant impact on the maritime powers of the countries operating them in the era of generation 4.0 war. Operational readiness is very important, there are readiness in building operational readiness for naval defense through budget fulfillment, utilization of existing resources, procurement and naval modernization by paying attention to Life Cycle Cost, and interoperability while still paying attention to paradigm shifts in naval capability. So, the combat readiness is the condition of the Indonesian Navy's defense equipment and its constituent units, resources and personnel, weapon systems and other military technology equipment in a condition that is ready to carry out military operations in an unspecified time, or function consistent with the purpose for which the defense equipment is organized or designed, the management of resources and training personnel in preparation for combat in the face of the threat of modern warfare in a state of constant combat readiness. At this time, training in Anti-Submarine Warfare conducted by Indonesian Navy’s Helicopter is still limited to carrying out flight procedures, communication procedures with the KRI and the command line, because Helicopters have sensors, weapons and command that need to be upgraded and The personnel also have underwater warfare capabilities that need to be upgraded, so there needs to be an increase in the capability of the helicopter and human resources. Technometry will be used to calculate the Heli's current readiness level.
Keywords: Submarine, Anti Submarine Helicopter and operational readiness
USING OF PROFILE MATCHING AND BORDA METHOD IN PREDICTING THREATS COUNTRY IN ASEAN
Authors: Krisna Murti Pius Herdasa , Wirjodirdjo Budisantoso , Bastari Avando , Ahmadi Ahmadi 
Published: June 2021

Every single country of this world wants to enlarge and optimize their territory. It causes every single country get competition to strengthen their country. In the other side they want some comfort condition, the condition is free from anxiety and the ability to predict threats, is a situation esired by all citizens. Not yet optimal in countermeasures and predicting the direction of the threat. The need for innovation in the method of determination according to the current state. Research based on the Decision Support System (DSS) trying will provide a solution in determining the predictor of the threat state. Using the Profile Matching method researchers try to map the profiles of countries located in the region. Providing problem solving by modifying the Profile Matching method is to start with delphi method in obtaining the determining criteria of research and weighting it with Borda technique. The criteria and weighting as the constituent criteria of the threat predictor country's strength profile, followed by the role so that the names of the threat predictor countries in Southeast Asia are obtained. The determination of the predictor state will facilitate in countermeasures or deal with it as well as provide actual information of where the threat comes from and the disertor criteria where the country can be weakened by Indonesia.

Keywords: Strategic Position, threat, Southeast Asia Country, Profile Matching, Borda Method.
ANALYSIS OF SAFETY SYSTEM RELIABILITY KI HADJAR DEWANTARA MAKO KODICLATAL BUILDING TOWARDS FIRE HAZARDS PREVENTION
Authors: Alfianzi Dodiek , Syahtaria Ikhwan , Mulyono Udisubakti Cipto , Astika I Made Jiwa 
Published: June 2021

Designing a fire prevention inspection system in buildings is very necessary, to determine the level of reliability. The fire prevention management system uses the following criteria: precautionary measures and preventive supervision against fire hazards. The assessment of the system design is carried out by means of a questionnaire for respondents who understand / are experts in fire problems, and the application of the system design uses direct surveys and questionnaires to the building manager. The assessment is carried out at the smallest level. Analysis of the building reliability inspection system in fire prevention using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, the criteria used are: prevention, limitation and extinguishing against fire. The fire prevention management system uses the following criteria: precautionary measures and preventive supervision against fire hazards. The results of the reliability inspection of the Ki Hadjar Dewantara Mako Kodiklatal building in Surabaya with a value of 94.06% indicated that the reliability system was in the "Less Reliable" category for fire hazard prevention.

Keywords: Inspection, fire prevention, reliability.
RESOLUTION DECISION-MAKING TO INCREASE THE ROLE OF THE UNITED NATIONS FOR WORLD PEACE
Authors: Edwin Edwin 
Published: June 2021

The United Nations (UN) was founded on October 24, 1945 or after World War II ended. At the time of its establishment, the UN consists of 51 member countries and continues to grow until now it has 193 members. The birth of the UN was motivated by the failure of The League of Nations because it could not realize the desire of its founders to create peace throughout the world by preventing war. After World War I, it turned out that World War II was still followed. The UN is considered successful in preventing a widespread war so that until now there has been no World War III. However, in the current situation, wars in several parts of the world have recurred, such as in Syria, Palestine, Azerbaijan and others. The existence of the UN as a universal organization that maintains peace is again being questioned. The ability, especially the Security Council, as one of its organs to prevent war, needs to be improved.

Keywords: The Security Council, UN Charter, Veto
CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE INFLUENCE OF BORDER CULTURE ON MARITIME POLICY AND THEIR IMPACT ON NATIONAL DEFENSE
Authors: Pane Maniur , Suhud Usep , Purnawa Dedi , Anwar Choirul 
Published: June 2021

Historical facts show that in their heyday, the kingdoms in the archipelago such as Majapahit and Sriwijaya were maritime kingdoms with enormous power. With the ability to project their military power on and through the media of the sea, the two great empires were able to control the entire archipelago and even abroad. Although the government has declared Indonesia as the world's maritime axis, in its implementation there are several obstacles and among them are related to the culture of border communities who still do things that are contrary to the laws and regulations in Indonesia. The object of the research in this study is focused on the culture of the Indonesian people who are on the border area of ​​Indonesia and the Philippines in the province of North Sulawesi, which has hundreds of years and for generations, has a relationship with the Filipinos. So that by examining the variables related to the culture of border communities, it will be possible to determine the best maritime policy that can have positive implications for Indonesia's national security. This study aims to obtain a conceptual model that can present the cultural influence of border communities on the Indonesian government's maritime policy and its implications for Indonesia's national security, this model is needed as a basis for determining maritime policies that can have positive implications for strengthening Indonesia's national security. The conceptual model and framework are based on quantitative descriptive analysis method by describing the relationship between the variables and the indicators of each variable. The results of the study show that there is a significant influence between X1 (social culture of border communities) and Y1 (Maritime Policy), there is no significant effect between X2 (Economic activities of border communities) and Y1.

Keywords: Social culture, economic activity, illegal activities, maritime policy, national security.
L’intimité et les cambrioleurs
Authors: de Oliveira Maria 
Published: June 2021

De l’antiquité à nos jours, la notion d’intimité n’a cessé d’évoluer vers plus d’intériorité. La question de savoir ce qui fonde l’espace intime, tant au niveau de ses différents concepts que de ses inscriptions multiples dans nos « maisons » à la fois extérieures et intérieures, s’inscrit dans un questionnement plus général du rapport entre soi et les autres et entre soi et soi. Que se passe-t-il si l’espace intime de l’individu est inexistant ou dévasté, voire cambriolé ? Quelles sont les voies particulières d’explorations possibles pour créer du lien ? Ces questions résonnent d’autant plus fortement dans une société devenue numérique, de plus en plus distanciée, où les corps s’absentent derrière des écrans. La notion d’intimité et de partage entre le dedans et le dehors devient de plus en plus floue. La fonction et la pratique clinique du thérapeute se trouvent ainsi interrogées et à réaffirmer.
Une chambre à soi
Authors: Fonseca Christiane 
Published: June 2021

« La chambre à soi » de Virginia Woolf est un essai qui démontre pourquoi les femmes, à quelques exceptions près, ont été longtemps exclues de la création littéraire : le manque d’argent, le manque d’une chambre à soi, le manque de reconnaissance dans une société patriarcale ont constitué de terribles obstacles. Virginia Woolf suggère aux femmes de gagner de l’argent et d’avoir une chambre à soi pour pouvoir devenir androgynes psychiquement, autrement dit, unir à l’intérieur d’elles-mêmes le féminin et le masculin. L’accès à la liberté intellectuelle et la libération de la plainte leur permettra d’abandonner l’expression personnelle, d’accéder à l’écriture poétique et d’avoir leur place dans l’histoire de la littérature.
Le système carcéral français, allégorie de nos enfermements
Authors: Lhuissier Sylvain 
Published: June 2021

La prison en tant qu’institution est mal connue. Pourtant, elle constitue à l’échelle sociale un étonnant miroir de nos psychismes individuels. En tant que projection de nombre de nos représentations sur l’enfermement, elle parle de notre rapport à la violence et au mal, à la fois dans la société et dans chaque psyché. Pour s’en rendre compte, il faut faire émerger les représentations et fantasmes, les actualiser à la lumière de la réalité du système carcéral. La détention est une expérience qui marque les détenus dans leur chair et dans leur psychisme. Au-delà d’une simple peine de détention, elle viole leur intimité, elle attaque leur autonomie et leur singularité. Pour quel profit pratiquons-nous cette violence institutionnelle ? Cet article questionne deux niveaux : comment les peurs et le rapport à la violence et à l’enfermement figent des fonctionnements collectifs et comment ces objets collectifs formatent nos structurations psychiques individuelles et notamment l’enfermement de nos zones d’ombre. Comment nous en libérer ?
Des réfugiés intérieurs
Authors: Braun Sophie 
Published: June 2021

Sous des dénominations différentes, comme phobie sociale, phobie scolaire, burn-out ou fatigue chronique, un phénomène s’amplifie : le repli sur soi. Entre social et intime, cette perte du sens de la relation révèle de profondes fragilités dans la construction psychique des plus sensibles. Leur moi, dominé par le narcissisme et la toute-puissance ne permet pas l’expression du soi. L’accès au symbolique et à la créativité ne peut se déployer et l’isolement devient le seul recours contre les angoisses massives.
La charité, au défi de l’histoire
Authors: Marin Catherine 
Published: June 2021

Depuis les origines du christianisme, les communautés chrétiennes ont pratiqué un esprit de charité entre eux, mais aussi très vite auprès de ceux qui vivaient dans la souffrance au sein de la société. Au fil du temps, cette vertu s’est dotée de sens nouveaux, fraternité, solidarité… En franchissant des étapes fondamentales dans l’exercice de la charité, de l’aide au prochain proprement dite, on est passé avec les franciscains au lien indissociable entre mission et charité, puis à l’époque moderne à la volonté de sortir le pauvre, le faible de la misère par l’instruction, jusqu’au xix e siècle, où la charité se présente comme un combat contre les inégalités, pour la justice sociale, mené à la fois par des clercs et des laïcs. Le pape Léon XIII (1810-1903) en définit toute la richesse dans son encyclique de 1891 Rerum novarum , consacrant ainsi ces idées nouvelles qui deviennent la nouvelle doctrine sociale de l’Église.
Sermons donnés à l’occasion des processions des Rogations à Paris au XIII e siècle
Authors: Bériou Nicole 
Published: June 2021

Les processions des Rogations, célébrées pendant les trois jours qui précèdent le jeudi de l’Ascension, font partie de la religion urbaine comme des pratiques rurales, avec des modalités différentes. À Paris, celles qu’organise le chapitre cathédral donnent lieu à des sermons qui ont été quelquefois notés à l’audition, complétant l’information contenue dans les recueils de sermons modèles, plus nombreux à partir du xiii e siècle. Deux orientations pastorales se dégagent des textes : enseigner l’art de bien prier ; interpréter le rite de la procession, dont une des particularités parisiennes est de promener un dragon empaillé, confectionné pour la circonstance, comme l’attestent les manuels de liturgie. Un sermon donné en 1261 par Robert de Sorbon, témoignage remarquable de l’art du prédicateur, s’achève sur l’évocation de ce dragon. Le texte en est édité en annexe.
Richard de Pontoise. Le « saint Innocent » parisien
Authors: Neyrinck Axelle 
Published: June 2021

Cet article examine le dossier hagiographique de Richard de Pontoise, un saint proposé à la dévotion des Parisiens au xii e siècle. Cet enfant de douze ans, prétendument massacré par les juifs en 1179 et enterré dans l’église parisienne des Saints-Innocents, ne bénéficie d’une Passio que trois siècles plus tard et est inséré dans les Acta Sanctorum des Bollandistes au xvii e siècle, alors même que les sources contemporaines de son soi-disant martyre sont problématiques. À travers cet exemple, il s’agit de montrer que cette dévotion proposée aux Parisiens alimente, sur un temps long, les représentations antijuives et plus particulièrement le mythe du « péril juif pour l’enfance ».
Les pratiques religieuses d’une société politisée
Authors: Croq Laurence , Lyon-Caen Nicolas 
Published: June 2021

Longtemps, l’historiographie a voulu voir dans le xviii e siècle parisien un modèle précoce de déchristianisation. Ce papier rouvre le dossier grâce à l’examen approfondi et contextualisé des pratiques religieuses des habitants de la capitale. Celles-ci s’intègrent en général dans le cadre ordinaire de la paroisse, même si les écarts à la norme ne sont pas rares. Ils dépendent bien sûr des identités sociales. Mais les gestes du croire se polarisent surtout sous l’effet de la querelle janséniste réouverte par la bulle Unigenitus (1713) : tant les jansénistes que leurs antagonistes dévots ont leurs prêtres, leurs lieux sacrés, leurs saints. La mobilité des pôles du sacré n’est ainsi guère moins forte au temps des Lumières qu’auparavant.
Association between Women's Level of Education and Family Daily Nutrient Intake and Obesity Status in Iraq
Authors: Ahmed Hamdia Mirkhan , Hameed Amani Layth 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Mothers play an important role in controlling family eating habits as well as the type of food consumed. Obesity is one of the causing factors for many diseases.

Objectives:
This study was designed to determine whether a woman's level of education is associated with the family's daily dietary intake and mother weight status or not.

Materials and Methods:
A web survey study designed through Google Forms was sent online to the entire Iraqi population from August 26 to September 20, 2020. The survey was distributed through institutional and private social networks (University E-mail, Facebook, Instagram, Viber, and WhatsApp). This method was entirely effective for the research hypothesis. A face-to-face interview was also conducted with illiterate women in public hospitals and medical centers.

Results:
The study result by 376 participating women showed a significant relationship between the level of education and body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.001). No significant relationship was shown between the level of daily dietary intake and BMI. The results also showed a significant association between education and family level of dietary intake (P = 0.003). The study showed a better daily dietary intake with those who do not have a high education level.

Conclusions:
The study concluded that healthy dietary choices and daily food intake are not related to education level but the mother's nutritional knowledge level.
Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Nabi Tauseef 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at increased risk of urinary tract infection (UTI).

Objective:
The aim was to study clinical, etiological profile, complications, and follow-up of symptomatic UTI in T2D patients and the effect on glycemic control and renal parameters.

Materials and Methods:
This was a hospital-based prospective study done on admitted 200 T2D symptomatic UTI patients. Various clinical, biochemical parameters and urine examination and culture were monitored. All patients were followed for 6 months with respect to the number of UTIs, glycemic control, and renal parameters.

Results:
UTI was common in females (81%) compared to males (19%). Lower UTI (cystitis) was present in 55.5% and pyelonephritis 44.5%, emphysematous pyelonephritis in 9.5%, and bacteremia in 58.1% of UTI patients. Bacteriuria was present in 69%. Escherichia coli (55%) was the most common organism isolated from urine culture. Severe hyperglycemia was present in 83.5%, diabetic ketoacidosis in 8%, hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state in 13%, shock in 14.5%, and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome in 10.5% of UTI patients. UTI in females was significantly associated with postmenopausal state, longer duration of diabetes, retinopathy, nephropathy, poor glycemic control, acute kidney injury, cystopathy, and upper UTI. The prevalence of recurrent UTI was 39.6%. Recurrent UTI patients had significantly higher glycosylated hemoglobin at follow-up than at baseline, but renal parameters did not improve despite intensive treatment.

Conclusion:
Symptomatic UTI in T2D patients is common in postmenopausal females with longer duration of diabetes, poor glycemic control, cystopathy, and chronic diabetic complications. Recurrent UTI patients have poor glycemic control on follow-up while renal parameters do not improve.
How Reliable are General Histopathologists in Detection of Helicobacter Pylori on Routine Histology?
Authors: Abdulla Saman S. 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Many studies agree that routine histology is less sensitive and less specific than special stains and immunohistochemistry (IHC) with false-positive and false-negative rates.

Objectives:
The aim was to evaluate the accuracy of four general histopathologists in documenting Helicobacter pylori (Hp) bacteria in gastric biopsies (stained with H and E) by using IHC and modified Giemsa stain (MG), also to assess the specificity of MG and whether it can replace IHC.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty seven reported gastric biopsies were collected from each of four pathologists (9 reported as negative for Hp, 9 reported as scant Hp, and 9 as abundant Hp). The pathologists selected were known to have different thresholds for Hp. The biopsies were stained with MG and IHC and they were read by two pathologists.

Results:
The four pathologists showed different thresholds for labeling luminal gastric pits' structures as Hp. Overall, there were 5/36 false-negative cases (13.9%) and 26/72 false-positive cases (36%), most of them in the category reported as scant Hp detected. The results of MG were concordant with that of IHC in 107/108 cases.

Conclusion:
The overall accuracy rate of Hp detection on routine histology was 71%; false positivity was much more common than false negativity, especially when only scant Hp reported to be present. MG is a reliable stain and if done properly, it can replace the more costly IHC. When Hp identification is crucial from the clinical management of view, special stains and/or IHC should be requested.