bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excess Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Diabetes: Can It Be Offset With Ideal Cardiovascular Health Trajectories?
Authors: Gaye Bamba , Lloyd-Jones Donald , Valentin Eugenie , Joseph Joshua J , Jouven Xavier , Lassale Camille 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective: To describe patterns of change in cardiovascular health (CVH) measured by the Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) over 6 years in participants with diabetes, and assess the association of these patterns of change with subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality.Methods: We conducted a long-term prospective cohort analysis (median follow-up 19 years) using the ARIC study, a community-based, biracial cohort with participants aged 45-64 years at baseline in 1987–1989. The LS7 metrics (smoking, body mass index, physical activity, diet, total cholesterol, blood glucose, and blood pressure) were collected at baseline and 6 years later. At both time points, participants were classified as low (0-2 ideal metrics), moderate (3-4), and favorable (5-7) CVH, and 6-year CVH change categories were created. Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to estimate the association between change categories and CVD and mortality. Results: The majority (62.2%) of participants with diabetes had a stable-low CVH at both visits, whereas 12.1% had stable-moderate and 0.4% stable-favorable, 14.9% improved, and 10.5% worsened. Compared to participants with stable-low CVH, CVD and mortality risk was lower for those who improved CVH 6 years later, or stable-moderate, or even high- or moderate-to-low CVH. This was driven by favorable changes in blood pressure, cholesterol, physical activity and smoking. Compared to participants free of diabetes with a stable-favorable CVH change, participants with diabetes had higher CVD and mortality risk regardless of their CVH trajectory. However, those with a favorable CVH trajectory displayed the same excess risk as participants without diabetes with stable-low CVH. Conclusions: Among individuals with diabetes, maintaining or reaching ideal levels of LS7 metrics can help reduce the excess CVD incidence and mortality. A favorable CVH trajectory in people with diabetes carried approximately the same excess CVD and mortality risk than an unfavorable CVH trajectory in people free of diabetes.
ATP-Binding Cassette Expression Profilling Revealed its Role in Development and Regulating Stress Response in Potato (Solanum Tuberosum)
Authors: zaynab madiha , Hussain Athar , Sajid Mateen , Ahsan Muhammad , Sharif Yasir , Fatima Mahpara , Raza Muhammad Ammar , Khan Khalid Ali , Li Shuangfei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter gene family play vital role in substance transportation including heavy metals ion, secondary metabolites and phytohormone across membranous structure. Despite its essential role in crops, still uncovered in potato (Solanum tuberosum L), grown world widely as a 3rd important food crop. Current study identified a total of 54 ABC transporter genes (StABC) in potato genome. The accumulative phylogenetic tree of StABC with Arabidopsis, divided into 8 groups (ABCA to ABCH). Among these, ABCG was the largest family covering 90% of StABC genes followed by ABCB group. The number and architecture of exon-intron varied from gene to gene. However, the sequence alignment and motif analysis demonstrated similar functional and structural sites and motif in all StABC. The syntenic blocks presented segmental duplication among intra and inter genomes. In addition, the presence of stress responsive element in the regulatory regions depicted their role in environmental adaptation. Furthermore, the tissues-specific and stress-specific expression profiling of StABC genes and their validation through Real-Time-qPCR (RT-qPCR ) analysis revealed their role in development and stress. The presented results provided useful information for further functional analysis of StABC and can also use as reference study for other important crops.
Melatonin Alleviates Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation By Suppressing NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Pyroptosis Via ROS/mtDNA/STING Pathway After Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Wang Jin , Yang Haiyuan , Zhang Fan , Shao Minghao , Xu Haocheng , Xu Shun , Lyu FeiZhou 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMicroglia pyroptosis-induced neuroinflammation has been one of the potential treatment targets for spinal cord injury (SCI). And melatonin is reported to have anti-neuroinflammation effect on SCI, but the underlying mechanism is largely unexplored. In addition, the potential regulatory role of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) mediated innate immune response in the SCI-induced neuroinflammation also remains unknown. The aim of this study is to identify the potential molecular mechanism of the anti-neuroinflammation effect of melatonin in SCI mice and to explore whether STING-mediated signal pathway is involved in this pharmacological process. MethodsIn vivo, the C57BL/6 female mice underwent SCI injury or Sham surgery (laminectomy alone). Melatonin and selective STING antagonist C-176 were administered intraperitoneally after injury in the SCI group once a day for 3 or 28 consecutive days for different experiments. The BMS score system was adopted to assess the motor function of mice. In vitro, the Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/ATP was combinedly used to induce cell pyroptosis in BV2 microglia and the adenovirus was used to overexpress STING. A series of molecular experiments including Western blot (WB), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence (IF) were performed in vivo and in vitro. ResultsOur results showed that melatonin effectively suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome-induced pyroptosis and STING-mediated pathway after SCI. In addition, C-176 also alleviated the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and promoted functional recovery in vivo. In vitro, we also found that melatonin abrogated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in LPS/ATP-induced BV2 cells, while overexpression of STING reversed the anti-pyroptotic role of melatonin. Subsequent results together indicated that the role of melatonin on STING-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome activation may be mediated by decreasing ROS production and cytosolic mtDNA release. ConclusionThis study preliminarily demonstrated that melatonin exerts its anti-neuroinflammation role on SCI by alleviating the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis, which was mediated by blocking the ROS/mtDNA/STING pathway. It provides us a better understanding of the pathological mechanism after SCI and offer experiment evidence to promote the use of melatonin for SCI.
Bifico Relieves Irritable Bowel Syndrome By Regulating Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Inflammatory Cytokines in an Animal Model
Authors: Zhou Yanlin , Zhang Fan , Mao Liqi , Feng Tongfei , Wang Kaijie , Wang Xi , Xu Maosheng , Lv Bin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis, a core pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), is closely related to immunological and metabolic functions. Gut microbiota-based therapeutics have been recently explored in several studies. Bifico is a probiotic cocktail widely used in gastrointestinal disorders which relate to the imbalance of gut microbiota. However, the efficacy and potential mechanisms of Bifico treatment in IBS remains incompletely understood. In this animal experiment, IBS mice received Bifico by intragastric administration. Subsequently, abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores showed a protective effect of Bifico in IBS mice. Then 16S rDNA, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and western blot assays were performed to analyze alterations of gut microbiota, microbiome metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, respectively. Results suggested that while Bifico did not increase gut microbial diversity, it could change the composition of gut microbiota which were characterized by an increase of Proteobacteria phylum and Actinobacteria phylum, Muribaculum genera, Bifidobacterium genera and a decrease of Parabacteroides genera, Sutterella genera and Lactobacillus genera. Moreover, Bifico elevated the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and reduced protein levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). From further Spearman's correlation analysis, Bifidobacterium genera were positively correlated with SCFAs including propionate, butyrate, valerate and negatively correlated with IL-6 and TNF-α. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that Bifico could alleviate symptoms of IBS mice through regulation of the gut microbiota, elevating production of SCFAs and reducing the colonic inflammatory response. Therefore, Bifico may have utility in clinical practice.
Exosomes Derived From miR-214-3p Overexpressing Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Myocardial Repair
Authors: Zhu Wenwu , Wang Qingjie , Zhang Jian , Sun Ling , Du Wei , Wu Yujie , Cao Yue , Chi Boyu , Li Jing , Feng Yueyue , Zou Ailin , Mao Lipeng , Jiang Jianguang , Ji Yuan , Han Bing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Aims Exosomes are known as nanovesicles that are naturally secreted，playing an essential role in stem-mediated cardioprotection. This study mainly focused on investigating if exosomes derived from miR-214 overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show more valid cardioprotective ability in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and its potential mechanisms.Methods Exosomes were isolated from control MSCs (Ctrl-Exo) and miR-214 overexpressing MSCs (miR-214OE-Exo) and then they were delivered to cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells in vitro under hypoxia and serum deprivation (H/SD) condition or in vivo in an acutely infarcted Sprague-Dawley rat heart. Regulated genes and signal pathways by miR-214OE-Exo treatment were explored using western blot analysis and luciferase assay.Results In vitro, miR-214OE-Exo enhanced migration, tube-like formation in endothelial cells. In addition, miR-214OE-Exo ameliorated the survival of cardiomyocytes under H/SD. In the rat AMI model, compared to Ctrl-Exo, miR-214OE-Exo reduced myocardial apoptosis, and therefore reduced infarct size and improved cardiac function. Besides, miR-214OE-Exo accelerated angiogenesis in peri-infarct region. Mechanistically, we identified that exosomal miR-214-3p promoted cardiac repair via targeting PTEN and activating p-AKT signal pathway. Conclusion Exosomes derived from miR-214 overexpressing MSCs have greatly strengthened the therapeutic efficacy for treatment of AMI by promoting cardiomyocyte survival and endothelial cell function.
A New Type of Balloon Catheter-Based Dilatation Intervention for Patients With Cricopharyngeus Achalasia After Stroke: A Randomized Study
Authors: Hu Tingting , Cai Yeyu , Shen Zhaohui , Chen Ailian , Wu Yacen , Song Tao , Liu Jia , Liu Chujuan , Gong Fanghua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To investigated the efficacy and safety of a new type of balloon catheter in dilatation intervention for patients with cricopharyngeus achalasia after stroke.
Methods

Fifty-two patients with cricopharyngeus achalasia after stroke received routinely swallowing rehabilitation trainings and were randomly assigned to: an experimental group (n = 26) that received dilatation therapy using this new balloon catheter one time per day for 5 days per week and a control group (n = 26) that received dilatation therapy with NO.14 ordinary urinary catheter one time per day for 5 days per week. Duration of intervention, EAT-10 and FOIS scores were recorded at baseline and every day during intervention. The time for FOIS score ≥ 3, the time for recovery of oral intake of water, liquid food, mushy food and solid food were recorded and estimated. Complications were recorded during intervention.
Results

The Exp group had shorter duration of intervention compared to the Con group (p < 0.001). Exp group improved faster than Con group with shorter recovery time for oral intake of liquid food (p < 0.001), mushy food (p = 0.001) and solid food (p < 0.001). At the termination of intervention, EAT-10 score was lower in Exp group than in Con group (p = 0.002). Compared to the Con group, Exp group had similar incidence of complications but better tolerability (p = 0.006).
Conclusion

Using this new balloon catheter for dilatation improves more and faster than using ordinary urinary catheter in patients with cricopharyngeus achalasia after stroke.
Exploration of the Efficiency of Radiomics Applied to Left Ventricular Tomograms Obtained From D-SPECT MPI for the Auxiliary Diagnosis of Myocardial Ischemia in CAD
Authors: Wang Junpeng , Fan Xin , Qin Shanshan , Zhang Han , Yu Fei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To explore the feasibility and efficacy of radiomics with left ventricular tomograms obtained from D-SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) for auxiliary diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods: The images of 103 patients with CAD myocardial ischemia between September 2020 and April 2021 were retrospectively selected. After information desensitization processing, format conversion, annotation using the Labelme tool on an open-source platform, lesion classification, and establishment of a database, the images were cropped for analysis. The ResNet18 model was used to automate two steps (classification and segmentation) with five randomization, training and validation steps. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, Youden’s index, agreement rate, and kappa value were calculated as evaluation indexes of the classification results for each training-validation step; then, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were drawn, and the areas under the curve (AUCs) were calculated. The Dice coefficient, intersection over union, and Hausdorff distance were calculated as evaluation indexes of the segmentation results for each training-validation step; then, the predicted images were exported.Results: Under the existing conditions, the radiomics model can distinguish myocardial ischemia quite accurately, with AUCs all exceeding 0.95, and predict the areas of myocardial ischemia quite accurately; all evaluated indexes were close to those of the gold standard.Conclusion: Radiomics can be feasibly applied to left ventricular tomograms obtained from D-SPECT MPI for auxiliary diagnosis, with quite good results. Patients may benefit from this approach as technology evolves and associated software is developed.
The Coagulation Analysis of Reveals Novel Biomarkers for Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia in Full Term Newborn
Authors: Zhou Fangye , Liu Li , Fu Rong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The coagulation test is used to evaluate in various diseases. Little is known about correlation between the coagulation test and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. The aim of the study was to determine the neonatal coagulation analysis value in infants with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia as reliable markers. Methods: All newborns were born and inpatients in the newborn wards of the Chengdu Second People’s Hospital. Measurement of serum bilirubin was done to diagnose hyperbilirubinemia. All neonates involved were full term of either gender without any significant illness or major congenital malformations. Data were collected from newborns who had neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and healthy in Chengdu Second People’s Hospital. Prothrombin time(PT), Thrombin time(TT), Fibrinogen(Fbg), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), and calculated international normalized ration(INR) values were recorded. Linear relationship between INR and level of total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin were analyzed by linear regression. The receiver operating curve(ROC) and the area under the curve(AUC) were made evaluated. Results: In this case-control study, the mean PT, APTT level were significant higher in the infants with hyperbilirubinemia group compared to the healthy infants. We found the positive correlation between INR and total bilirubin(R=0.3327; P<0.0001). Furthermore, there was also significant positive correlation between INR and indirect bilirubin(R=0.3402; P<0.0001). Meanwhile, INR in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia significantly achieved an AUC of 0.800(95% CI=0.6288-0.9712, cutoff value 1.060, specificity71.43%, and sensitivity 80.00%).Conclusions: PT, APTT were significant high in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia group. Correlation were observed between the INR and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Importantly, the study revealed INR as novel biomarkers for diagnosis of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in full term newborn.
IgG4-related Lung Disease With Recurrent Pulmonary Lesions During Steroid Therapy and Difficulty in Differentiating From Malignancy: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Okubo Tomohito , Nakashima Nariyasu , Tokunaga Yoshimasa , Kita Nobuyuki , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Ishikawa Ryou , Okada Setsuo , Go Tetsuhiko , Yokomise Hiroyasu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is characterized by the formation of inflammatory lesions with fibrosis and infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells and lymphocytes in various organs of the body. Since the first report of IgG4-related autoimmune pancreatitis, IgG4-RD affecting various organs has been reported; however, there are still only a few reports of IgG4-related lung disease (IgG4-RLD). In this report, we describe a case of IgG4-RLD with recurrent pulmonary lesions during steroid therapy that were difficult to differentiate from malignancy.Case presentation: A 61-year-old man was referred to our hospital after an abnormal chest shadow on X-ray was noted during his visit to his previous doctor for asthma treatment. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a middle lobe hilar mass with irregular margins and swelling of the right hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography revealed a mass lesion with a maximum diameter of 5.5 cm, maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 11.0, and areas with high SUV in the hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes. We suspected lung cancer or malignant lymphoma and performed a thoracoscopic lung biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. A total of five tumor sites and an enlarged lymph node (LN#10) were biopsied; histopathological examination revealed no malignant findings, and IgG4-RLD was diagnosed. One month after treatment with prednisolone (PSL), the tumor had shrunk, but a CT scan during the third month of PSL treatment revealed multiple nodular shadows in both lungs. Considering the possibility of malignant complications and multiple lung metastases, we performed thoracoscopic partial lung resection of the new left lung nodules to determine the treatment strategy. Histopathological examination revealed no malignant findings in any of the lesions, and the patient was diagnosed with IgG4-RLD refractory to PSL monotherapy. We are considering the combination of azathioprine and PSL as future treatment.Conclusions: IgG4-RLD refractory to PSL monotherapy showed changes from a solitary large mass (pseudotumor) to multiple nodules on chest CT. It was difficult to distinguish malignancy from IgG4-RLD based on imaging tests and blood samples alone, and performing thoracoscopic lung biopsies and partial lung resection were useful in determining the diagnosis and treatment plan.
Trajectories of Cognitive Function and Their Machine Learning-based Prediction Models in Older Adults: a 16 Years Follow-up in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey
Authors: Wu Yafei , Jia Maoni , Xiang Chaoyi , Lin Shaowu , Jiang Zhongquan , Fang Ya 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Cognitive decline shows heterogeneous with increasing age. The trajectory of cognitive function is yet to be fully investigated in older Chinese. Early identification of such trend is essential for the prevention of high-risk population related to cognitive decline. This study aimed to explore the heterogeneity and determinants of cognitive trajectories, and construct prediction models for distinguishing cognitive trajectories among the elderly Chinese at a community level.Methods: This study included 3502 older adults aged 65-105 years at their first observations in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey from 2002 to 2018. The Chinese version Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used for measuring cognitive function. The heterogeneity of cognitive trajectories was identified through mixed growth model, and the determinants of cognitive trajectories were analyzed by logistic regression. Under a consideration of feature selection, machine learning algorithms, namely logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), and an integrated algorithm combining LR and SVM (stacking), were used to predict cognitive trajectories using epidemiological variables. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and brier score were used to assess discrimination and calibration, respectively. Results: Two distinct cognitive trajectories were identified according to the changes of MMSE scores: stable-function (93.6%), and rapid-decline (6.4%). Older age, female gender, Han ethnicity, having no schooling, rural residents, low frequency leisure activities, and low baseline ADL score were associated with the rapid decline in cognitive function. For classification of two trajectories, the performance of LR, SVM and stacking algorithms with feature selection were comparable, of which achieved 0.66 of balanced accuracy, 0.74 of sensitivity, 0.73 of F1 score, 0.66 of AUROC, and 0.25 of brier score. Among the predictors, age and psychological well-being were the most effective variables for distinguishing two trajectories.Conclusions: Two cognitive trajectories were identified among older Chinese. The identified determinants of trajectories could be targeted for constructing early risk prediction models.
circITGA7 Acts As miR-370-3p Sponge to Suppress The Proliferation of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Guo Yonglian , Li Guohao , Wan Zhihua , Zhang Yuanjie , Liu Dong , Luo Gang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective: Prostate cancer (PCa) refers to one of the most common tumors in male’s genitourinary system. Emerging research has confirmed that circRNAs play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. However, the correlation between circular RNA circITGA7 and PCa still remains unclear. Here, the role of circITGA7 in PCa was explored and the underlying mechanism was investigated as well.Methods: The circRNA expression profiles in PCa and the paracancerous tissues were established by high-throughput sequencing. The expression levels of circITGA7 in PCa tissues and cells were detected by qRT-PCR. Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, EdU and flow cytometry assays were used to detect the effects of circITGA7 on PCa cell proliferation. To further explore the underlying mechanisms, bioinformatics analysis on downstream target genes was carried out. RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to verify the direct relationship between miR-370-3p and circITGA7 or P21CIP1.Results: circITGA7 was downregulated in PCa tissues and cells. Gain- or loss-of-function assays showed that circITGA7 inhibited the proliferation of PCa cells in vivo and in vitro. Mechanically, circITGA7 served as a sponge for miR-370-3p and miR-370-3p could target P21CIP1 in PCa cells. The inhibition of cell proliferation induced by circITGA7 could be reversed by transfecting miR-370-3p mimic. Conclusion: Our data indicated that circITGA7 played an important role in inhibiting tumor proliferation in PCa and might be a potential therapeutic target.