bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transient Dexamethasone Loading Induces Prolonged Hyperglycemia in Male Mice With Histone Acetylation in Dpp-4 Promoter
Authors: Uto Asuka , Miyashita Kazutoshi , Endo Sho , Sato Masaaki , Ryuzaki Masaki , Kinouchi Kenichiro , Mitsuishi Masanori , Meguro Shu , Itoh Hiroshi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Glucocorticoid causes hyperglycemia, which is common in patients with or without diabetes. Prolonged hyperglycemia can be experienced even after the discontinuation of glucocorticoid use. In the present study, we examined the time course of blood glucose level in hospital patients who received transient glucocorticoid treatment. In addition, the mechanism of prolonged hyperglycemia was investigated by using dexamethasone (Dexa)-treated mice and cultured cells. The blood glucose level in glucose tolerance tests, level of insulin and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and the activity of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) were examined during and after Dexa loading in mice, with histone acetylation level of the promoter region. Mice showed prolonged hyperglycemia during and after transient Dexa loading accompanied by persistently lower blood GLP-1 level and higher activity of DPP-4. The expression level of Dpp-4 was increased in the mononuclear cells and the promoter region of Dpp-4 was hyperacetylated during and after the transient Dexa treatment. In vitro experiments also indicated development of histone hyperacetylation in the Dpp-4 promoter region during and after Dexa treatment. The upregulation of Dpp-4 in cultured cells was significantly inhibited by a histone acetyltransferase inhibitor. Moreover, the histone hyperacetylation induced by Dexa was reversible by treatment with a sirtuin histone deacetylase activator, nicotinamide mononucleotide. We identified persistent reduction in blood GLP-1 level with hyperglycemia during and after Dexa treatment in mice, associated with histone hyperacetylation of promoter region of Dpp-4. The results unveil a novel mechanism of glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycemia, and suggest therapeutic intervention through epigenetic modification of Dpp-4.
Improving the Interpretation of Afternoon Cortisol Levels and SSTs to Prevent Misdiagnosis of Adrenal Insufficiency
Authors: Ramadoss Vijay , Lazarus Katharine , Prevost Andrew Toby , Tan Tricia , Meeran Karim , Choudhury Sirazum 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Adrenal Insufficiency (AI), especially iatrogenic-AI, is a treatable cause of mortality. The difficulty in obtaining 9 am cortisol levels means samples are taken at suboptimal times, including a substantial proportion in the afternoon. Low afternoon cortisol levels often provoke short Synacthen tests (SSTs). It is important that this does not lead to patients misdiagnosed with AI, exposing them to the excess mortality and morbidity of inappropriate steroid replacement therapy.

Methods
This retrospective study collected 60 178 cortisol results. Medical records, including subsequent SSTs of initial cortisol results measured after midday were reviewed.

Results
Receiver operating characteristic analysis (area under the curve: 0.89) on 6531 suitable cortisol values showed that a limit of &lt;201.5 nmol/L achieved a sensitivity and specificity of 95.6% and 72.6%, while a limit of &lt;234 nmol/L had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 59.5%. Out of 670 SSTs, 628 patients passed. Of these, 140 would have otherwise failed if only their 30-min cortisol was assessed without the 60-min value. A 30- and 60-min SST cortisol cutoff of 366.5 nmol/L and 418.5 nmol/L, respectively, can achieve a sensitivity of &gt;95% on the Abbott analyser platform.

Conclusion
An afternoon cortisol &gt;234 nmol/L excludes AI on Abbott analyser platforms. In patients who have an afternoon cortisol &lt;234 nmol/L, including both 30- and 60-min SST cortisol values prevents unnecessary glucocorticoid replacement therapy in 22.3% of individuals in this study. The Abbott analyser SST cortisol cutoffs used to define AI should be 366.5 nmol/L and 418.5 nmol/L at 30 and 60 min, respectively. All patients remained well subsequently with at least 1-year longitudinal follow-up.
Machiavellianism and task-orientated leadership: moderating effect of job autonomy
Authors: Rehman Usama , Shahnawaz Mohammad Ghazi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDespite the negative connotation of Machiavellianism, Machs are found in all kinds of organization and at almost all levels. How they function in organizations is worth examining. The present study explored the relationship between Machiavellianism and Task-Oriented Leadership. Job autonomy was also hypothesized as a moderator, impacting the relationship between the two variables. The sample for the study comprised of middle level managers working for different organizations in and around National Capital Region, Delhi, India. Machiavellian Personality scale (MPS), Task oriented Leadership style questionnaire, and Work autonomy scale were used to collect data. The data was analyzed with the help of SPSS V-21 and Process Hayes macros. Results revealed a significant positive relationship between Machiavellianism and Task-oriented leadership. Also, the relationship between the two constructs was moderated by high and average level of job autonomy.
Compact Sobolev-Slobodeckij embeddings and positive solutions to fractional Laplacian equations
Authors: Han Qi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this work, we study the existence of a positive solution to an elliptic equation involving the fractional Laplacian (−Δ)sin ℝn, forn≥ 2, such as(0.1)(−Δ)su+E(x)u+V(x)uq−1=K(x)f(u)+u2s⋆−1.$$(-\Delta)^{s} u+E(x) u+V(x) u^{q-1}=K(x) f(u)+u^{2_{s}^{\star}-1}.$$Here,s ∈(0, 1),q∈2,2s⋆$q \in\left[2,2_{s}^{\star}\right)$with2s⋆:=2nn−2s$2_{s}^{\star}:=\frac{2 n}{n-2 s}$being the fractional critical Sobolev exponent,E(x),K(x),V(x) > 0 : ℝn→ ℝ are measurable functions which satisfy joint “vanishing at infinity” conditions in a measure-theoretic sense, andf(u) is a continuous function on ℝ of quasi-critical, super-q-linear growth withf(u) ≥ 0 ifu≥ 0. Besides, we study the existence of multiple positive solutions to an elliptic equation in ℝnsuch as(0.2)(−Δ)su+E(x)u+V(x)uq−1=λK(x)ur−1,$$(-\Delta)^{s} u+E(x) u+V(x) u^{q-1}=\lambda K(x) u^{r-1},$$where 2 <r<q< ∞(both possibly (super-)critical),E(x),K(x),V(x) > 0 : ℝn→ ℝ are measurable functions satisfying joint integrability conditions, andλ> 0 is a parameter. To study (0.1)-(0.2), we first describe a family of general fractional Sobolev-Slobodeckij spacesMs;q,p(ℝn) as well as their associated compact embedding results.
Lot variation and inter-device differences contribute to poor analytical performance of the DCA Vantage™ HbA1c POCT instrument in a true clinical setting
Authors: Abildgaard Anders , Knudsen Cindy Søndersø , Bjerg Lise Nørkjær , Lund Sten , Støy Julie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The glycated haemoglobin fraction A1c (HbA1c) is widely used in the management of diabetes mellitus, and the Siemens DCA Vantage™ point-of-care testing (POCT) instrument offers rapid HbA1c results even far from a clinical laboratory. However, the analytical performance has been questioned, and not much is known about effects of changing reagent lot, instrument and operator. We therefore compared the analytical performance of the DCA Vantage™ with established routine methods (Tosoh G8/G11 ion exchange HPLC) in a true clinical setting at two Danish hospitals.

Methods
We extracted all routine clinical HbA1c results incidentally drawn from the same patient within 48 h (n=960 pairs) and evaluated the effect of reagent lot, operator and instrument. We also performed a prospective method comparison in our diabetes out-patient clinic (n=97).

Results
The critical difference (CD) between two POCT results varied between 5.14 and 6.61 mmol/mol (0.47–0.55%), and the analytical imprecision of the DCA Vantage™ (CVA) was >3%. Significant effect of reagent lot and inter-instrument differences were found, whereas no effect of operator was seen.

Conclusions
The DCA Vantage™ HbA1c analysis does not fulfil the prevailing analytical performance specifications, but rigorous validation of new reagent lots and continuous recalibration of instruments may potentially improve the precision substantially. Our findings, therefore, clearly emphasise the necessity of a close collaboration between clinicians and laboratory professionals in the POCT field. Finally, POCT HbA1c results should always be interpreted together with other measures of glycaemic control to avoid inappropriate change of patient treatments due to measurement uncertainty.
CFD research on the influence of geometry characteristic on flow pattern and the transition mechanism in Rushton turbine stirred vessels
Authors: Wang Yinghui , Hao Lin , Zhu Zhenxing , Xu Jinjie , Wei Hongyuan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the transient MRF approach coupled with the standard k-ε and SST k-ω turbulence models was employed to study the effect of bottom shape, impeller diameter (D
J) and bottom height (H
2) on critical impeller off-bottom clearance (C). It was found the bottom shape and bottom height (H
2) have obvious influence on the flow pattern transition from double-loop to single-loop of RT impeller. The flow pattern transition mechanism was inferred to relate to the relationship between the space required by the lower circulation zone and the actual space. The boundary conditions of critical C were further concluded to help distinguish the flow pattern and receive the expected one in the stirred vessel design.
Identification of phenolic compounds in the buds of Algerian Pistacia atlantica desf. Subsp. atlantica by antioxidant activity guided fractionation
Authors: Toul Fethi , Moussouni Sonia , Ghembaza Nacera , Zitouni Amel , Djendar Amina , Atik-Bekkara Fawzia , Kokkalou Eugenius 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
A bio-guided selection and identification of the most active compounds obtained from Algerian Pistacia atlantica desf. Subsp. atlantica.

Methods
An antioxidant activity guided fractionation was performed on buds’ extract using extensive chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. The antioxidant potentials of isolated compounds and other unpurified fractions were evaluated against DPPH radicals using TLC plates and test tubes.

Results
The results showed that all isolated compounds and fractions exhibited eminent DPPH scavenging potential. Two coumarins (7-ethoxycoumarin and 7-hydroxy-5-methoxycoumarin) and two flavonoids (3′,5,7-trihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavanone and 5,6,7,4′-tetrahydroxyflavonol-3-O-rutinoside) were isolated for the first times from the titled subspecies.

Conclusions
These results confirm that the species of P. atlantica is far from being exhausted of active compounds, especially polyphenols.
Large strain hardening of magnesium containing in situ nanoparticles
Authors: Feng Zhongxue , Zhang Yuhua , Tan Jun , Chen Yuming , Chen Yiming , Li Jianbo , Chen Xianhua , Zheng Kaihong , Pan Fusheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this work, in situ magnesium-based composite composed of nanoscale magnesium oxide (MgO), prepared by spark plasma sintering, shows significant plasticity and high strain hardening. During the strain-hardening stage, the incremental work-hardening exponent shows drastic fluctuations due to the pile-up and release of dislocations. The dislocation pile-up at the interface makes it possible to form dislocation cells. Mixed dislocations can be generated within the cells surrounding the MgO particles, which can interact with the stress field and effectively hinder the movement of dislocations, leading to an increase in dislocation density. What is more, grain boundaries have higher elastic modulus and hardness, which may lead to the appearance of microcracks and eventually intergranular fractures. Our results may shed some light on understanding the role of MgO particles in influencing the mechanical properties of Mg alloys and Mg-based composites, especially in work hardening.
Adventures in Migrating Massive Archival Collections to Digital Commons
Authors: Emanuel Michelle 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Giant collections of compound objects, with messy metadata, led to migration in batches and lessons learned. When the University of Mississippi Libraries implemented a campus-wide institutional repository, it also became necessary to use the same platform for nearly 100 digital collections, requiring migration from a locally hosted instance of CONTENTdm to the cloud-based Digital Commons. Because the collections were primarily comprised of compound objects, it was difficult to use harvesting protocol to populate the new repository, requiring new access copies to be reconfigured and uploaded as batches from the local servers after extensive metadata remediation.
Herausforderungen der Digitalisierung in der Pflege
Authors: Sellemann Björn 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Digitalisierung ist aktuell im professionellen pflegerischen Alltag allgegenwärtig. Zu berücksichtigen ist jedoch, dass Pflege nicht gleich Pflege ist. Zu unterschiedlich und speziell sind die Herausforderungen in den jeweiligen pflegerischen Versorgungssettings. Diesen divergierenden Prozessen müssen sowohl die digitalen Werkzeuge, als auch damit arbeitenden Pflegenden gerecht werden so dass hier wiederum enge Korrelationen mit Aus-, Fort- und Weiterbildungen im Bereich der Digitalisierung stattfinden.
Buurtzorg (Nachbarschaftshilfe) – die niederländische Alternative?
Authors: Mayerhofer Barbara 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die ambulante Pflege in Deutschland unterliegt gesetzlichen Vorgaben, die nicht im notwendigen Ausmaß die Bedürfnisse der Betroffenen berücksichtigen. Pflegende, deren Expertise nicht abgerufen wird, verlassen den Beruf. Das streichen aus den Niederlanden kommende Modell Buurtzorg zeigt Alternativen, deren Umsetzung in Deutschland ein Umdenken erfordern würde.
Quo Vadis Praxisanleitung?! Zum Stand der Praxisanleitendenqualifizierung in Pflege und Rettungsdienst
Authors: Tschupke Sandra , Meyer Ingo 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Praxisanleitende nehmen in der pflegeberuflichen sowie rettungsdienstlichen Ausbildung eine zentrale Rolle ein. In Folge der teils fehlenden Vorgaben und Grundlagen für die Fort- und Weiterbildung von bzw. für Praxisanleitende lässt sich das Angebotsfeld insgesamt als diffus charakterisieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird u.a. diskutiert, inwieweit sich mit einer Einordnung der Praxisanleitendenweiterbildung in das Gefüge des Deutschen Qualifikationsrahmen (DQR) Potentiale für die Professionalisierung ergeben.
Akkreditierung primärqualifizierender Pflegestudiengänge
Authors: Steck Florian 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Mit dem Inkrafttreten des Pflegeberufereformgesetzes und der Pflegeberufe-Ausbildungs- und Prüfungsverordnung ändern sich die Anforderungen für die Konzeption und die Akkreditierung primärqualifizierender Pflegestudiengänge. Durch eine festgeschriebene Abstimmung zwischen zuständigen Landesbehörden und Hochschulen gelingt die Umsetzung der neuen Gesetzesgrundlagen. Das Hauptproblem stellt die personelle Ausstattung dar.
Community Child Health Nursing: Ein Konzept für Deutschland?
Authors: Scholz Lisa , Schimböck Florian , Spallek Jacob 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungSoziale Ungleichheit führt bereits im Kindesalter zu gesundheitlicher Benachteiligung. Gesundheitsfördernde Angebote in Deutschland sind noch unzureichend miteinander verknüpft und erreichen sozialbenachteiligte Familien nur bedingt. International ist Community Child Health Nursing (CCHN) verbreitet und bietet einen möglichen Ansatz, um die gesundheitliche Chancengleichheit von Kindern zu stärken. Dieser Beitrag diskutiert das Berufsbild der CCH-Nurses und konzeptionelle Aspekte für die Implementierung in Deutschland.
Mit besserer Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Pflege zu mehr regionaler Resilienz
Authors: Borchers Uwe , Evans Michaela , Schnecke Jan Hendrik , Völz Silke 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Pflege wird vor allem als individuell zu lösende Aufgabe pflegender Erwerbstätiger behandelt. Aber die gezielte Verknüpfung individueller Lösungsansätze mit betrieblichen Strategien der Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Pflege steigert die Resilienz der Beschäftigten wie der Unternehmen. Das Projekt work & care fördert mit dieser doppelten Perspektive die Einbettung der Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Pflege als Kompetenzstrategie im regionalwirtschaftlichen Ökosystem in Ostwestfalen-Lippe.
Palliative Care für Personen mit Demenz
Authors: Kemper Claudia 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Wegen steigender Erkrankungszahlen stellt die Versorgung von Personen mit Demenz am Lebensende eine enorme Herausforderung dar. Belastende Symptome führen u.a. durch Nichterkennen zu Über- und Fehlversorgung. Insbesondere bei fortgeschrittener Demenz bedarf es daher der Implementierung einer palliativmedizinischen Geriatrie u.a. mit Pflegekonzepten, die sich an bestehenden Leitlinien orientieren. Dazu entwickelte Arbeitshilfen tragen zu einer qualitätsgesicherten Palliativ Care bei.
Eindämmungsstrategien der COVID-19-Pandemie in Alten- & Pflegeheimen: Die Situation in Bayern
Authors: Mühle Ursula 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Menschen, die in Alten- und Pflegeheimen leben, waren bisher aufgrund ihres Alters, ihrer Vorerkrankungen und ihrer Wohn- und Betreuungsform deutlich stärker von der COVID-19-Pandemie betroffen als die Durchschnittsbevölkerung. In Bayern haben sich Public Health-Maßnahmen dann als wirksam erwiesen, wenn sie die Anforderungen an den Infektionsschutz schnell berücksichtigen. Besonders unterstützt haben dabei digitale Lageermittlungswerkzeuge, wie das Bayerische Digitale Online Portal Pflege (BayDipp), im Zusammenspiel mit Hygiene, Testkonzepten, Impfpriorisierung sowie Besuchs- und Betreuungskonzepten unter aktuellen Hygieneauflagen.
Perspektiven eines traditionellen Berufsbilds – zwei Szenarien für die Pflege
Authors: Rosentreter Michael 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Bedeutung zeitlicher Ereignisse zeigt sich in der Regel erst im historischen Rückblick. Krisen wie die Covid-19-Pandemie fokussieren indes gesellschaftliche Zustände in einer Weise, die den durch sie ausgelösten Wandel zumindest erahnen lässt. Welche Transformationen ergeben sich aus der Pandemie für die professionelle Pflege? Medizinhistorisch und medizinsoziologisch begründet werden zwei gegenläufige Szenarien skizziert.
Pflegefachassistenz – ein empirisch fundiertes Kompetenzprofil
Authors: Herzberg Heidrun 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Pflegefachassistent*innen arbeiten eng mit Pflegefachfrauen und Pflegefachmännern zusammen. Als Kernmerkmale ihrer Tätigkeit haben sich die große (auch körperliche) Nähe, die Häufigkeit der Kontakte und die Kontinuität der Beziehungen zu den zu pflegenden Menschen gezeigt. Dies belegt eine qualitative Berufsfeldstudie des Instituts für Gesundheit der BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, die auch einen Vorschlag für ein zukünftiges Kompetenzprofil der Pflegefachassistent*innen einschließt.
Pflege-Apps: Digitale Unterstützung für Pflegebedürftige und Pflegende
Authors: Suhren Eva Julia 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Das Potenzial digitaler Anwendungen in der Pflege ist groß und eine breitere Nutzung kann die angespannte Personalsituation in der Pflege entschärfen und die Selbstständigkeit und Selbstbestimmtheit pflegebedürftiger Personen stärken. Apps können nicht nur pflegebedürftige Personen selbst, sondern auch die am Pflegeprozess beteiligten Personen unterstützen. Das neue DVPM-Gesetz bietet einen rechtlichen Rahmen, digitale Anwendungen in der Pflege erstattungsfähig zu machen und kann als Anreiz dienen, die digitalen Möglichkeiten in der Pflege weiter zu erschließen.
Die Würde der Pflegenden
Authors: C. Kassner Eileen , A. Gál Zoltán 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungPflegende fokussieren sich aufgrund ihres Berufsethos, der auf einer zutiefst menschlichen Neigung beruht, auf die Würde von Patienten. Im folgenden Artikel geht es jedoch um die Würde der Pflegenden. Der Artikel wertet den Diskurs zur Würde der Pflegenden auf systemischer und individueller Ebene aus, um einen Weg aus der Krise dieses Berufsstandes aufzuzeigen. Es werden beispielhaft Maßnahmen dargelegt.
Experimental studies on the dynamic viscoelastic properties of basalt fiber-reinforced asphalt mixtures
Authors: Zhang Yongjun , Luo Wenbo , Liu Xiu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To study the influence of basalt fibers on the viscoelastic mechanical properties of asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures, unconfined compressive dynamic modulus tests were performed on styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS)-modified AC mixtures reinforced with various contents of basalt fibers ranging from 0.2 to 0.5% by weight at five temperatures and six load frequencies, and the dynamic moduli and phase angles of the mixtures were measured. Compared with the test results of the control mixture (with no basalt fibers), the data show that the high-temperature dynamic modulus of the mixtures initially increases and subsequently decreases with increasing fiber content and reaches its maximum value when the basalt fiber content is 0.3%, while the low-temperature dynamic modulus decreases monotonically with increasing fiber content. Furthermore, the phase angle of the mixtures initially decreases and later increases with increasing fiber content and reaches its minimum value when the basalt fiber content is 0.3%. These behaviors indicate that the addition of basalt fiber improves the high-temperature rutting resistance and low-temperature cracking resistance of the SBS-modified AC mixtures. In addition, the results of the wheel rut test exhibit a good correlation with the results of the dynamic modulus test, revealing the reliability of the dynamic modulus test for evaluating the high-temperature rutting resistance of basalt-fiber-reinforced AC mixtures.
Analytical and numerical study for oscillatory flow of viscoelastic fluid in a tube with isosceles right triangular cross section
Authors: Li Yi , Huang Yaoxin , Zhao Moli , Wang Shaowei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A theoretical investigation is carried out to analyze the oscillatory flow of second-grade fluid under the periodic pressure gradient in a long tube of isosceles right triangular cross section in the present study. The analytical expressions for the velocity profile and phase difference are obtained. The numerical solutions are calculated by using the finite difference method with Crank–Nicolson (C–N) scheme. In comparison with the Newtonian fluid (λ = 0), the effects of retardation time, Deborah number and Womersley number on the velocity profile and phase difference are discussed numerically and graphically. For smaller Womersley number, the behavior of second-grade fluid is dominated by viscosity. For larger Womersley number α = 20, the flow becomes more difficult to be generated under periodic pressure gradient with increasing retardation time. Furthermore, the analytical expressions of the mean velocity amplitude and phase difference are given explicitly for discussing.