bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Femoral derotation osteotomy—Does intraoperative electromagnetic tracking reflect the dynamic outcome?
Authors: Geisbüsch Andreas , Götze Marco , Putz Cornelia , Dickhaus Hartmut , Dreher Thomas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFemoral derotation osteotomy (FDO) is a well‐established procedure for the correction of internal rotation gait in children with cerebral palsy. Various studies have demonstrated good results for FDO both in short‐term and long‐term evaluation with some describing recurrence and over‐ or under‐corrections. The present study evaluates the use of an objective intraoperative derotation measurement through electromagnetic tracking. We report the static and dynamic results of 11 cases with internal rotation gait (8 male, 3 female, mean age 22.2 years), that underwent FDO with intraoperative electromagnetic tracking and conventional goniometric measurement of the correction. The dynamic and static changes were assessed through three‐dimensional gait analysis after a mean of 12 months after surgery and rotational imaging preoperative and after a mean of eleven days postoperatively. Mean hip rotation in stance significantly decreased from 20.9° (SD 5.9) to 5.8° (SD 4.7°) after FDO. The mean amount of derotation quantified by electromagnetic tracking was 23.2° (16.5°–28.8°) and 25.1° (20.0°–33.0°) for goniometric measurement. Both measurement modalities showed small differences to rotational imaging (electromagnetic bone tracking [EMT]: 0.72°; goniometer: 1.19°) but a large deviation when compared to three‐dimensional gait analysis (EMT: 8.5°, goniometer: 9.1°). In comparison to the static changes and EMT measurement, the dynamic changes measured during 3‐D‐gait analysis reflected only 66% of the actual derotation performed during surgery. Although electromagnetic tracking allows a precise intraoperative assessment of the derotation during FDO, the amount of intraoperative correction is not reflected in the improvements in three‐dimensional gait analysis.
Knee anteromedial compartment dissection: Final results and anterior oblique ligament description
Authors: Jorge Pedro B. , de Oliveira Diego E. , de Resende Vanessa R. , Horita Melanie M. , de Oliveira e Silva Marconde , Duarte Aires , Santili Claudio , Betoni Guglielmetti Luiz G. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe anteromedial region of the knee is little explored in the literature and may play an important role in anteromedial rotatory instability. The purpose of this study is to describe a ligamentous structure in the anteromedial region of the knee identified in a series of anatomical dissections of cadaveric specimens. Twenty‐one cadaveric knees were dissected to study the medial compartment. Exclusion criteria were signs of trauma, previous surgery, signs of osteoarthritis, and poor preservation state. The main structures of this region were identified during medial dissection. After releasing the superficial medial collateral ligament of the tibia, the anterior oblique ligament (AOL) was isolated. The morphology of the structure and its relationship with known anatomical parameters were determined. For the statistical analysis, the means and standard deviations were calculated for continuous variables. A 95% confidence interval was defined as significant. Student's t‐tests were used for continuous variables. After dissection, a distinct ligamentous structure (AOL) was found in the medial region of the knee. This structure was found in 100% of the cases, was located extracapsularly and originated in the anterior aspect of the medial epicondyle, running obliquely toward the tibia. When crossing the joint, the ligament presented a fan‐shaped opening, exhibiting a larger area at the tibial insertion. The AOL had a mean thickness of 6.83 ± 1.51 mm at its femoral origin and 13.39 ± 2.64 at its tibial insertion. It had a significantly (p = 0.0001) longer mean length with the knee at 90° of flexion (35.27 ± 6.59 mm) than with the knee in total extension (27.89 ± 5.46 mm), indicating that the ligament is tensioned in flexion. A new structure was identified in the anteromedial compartment of the knee with a ligamentous appearance. Further studies are necessary to identify its importance on knee stability. This study demonstrates the anatomy of a new medial structure of the knee. As a result, there will be a better understanding of the stability of the knee.
Speleothem‐based chronology and environmental context of deposits from the Mishin Kamik Cave, NW Bulgaria – A contribution to the archaeological study of the Late Pleistocene human occupation in the Balkans
Authors: Verheyden Sophie , Marinova Elena , Ivanova Stefanka , Burlet Christian , Cheng Hai , Edwards Lawrence R. , Goovaerts Thomas , Gurova Maria 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTThe Balkan Peninsula represents one of the most important human pathways into and out of Europe during the Pleistocene. Mishin Kamik cave, located in the karst region of Western Stara Planina, has a rich faunal content and shows promising features indicating a human occupation site with the discovery of potential bone artefacts and an intriguing accumulation of bear skulls and bones. Petrographic study and U‐series dating of a stalagmite and other calcite deposits in the cave provide an absolute chronological frame for the detrital infillings and their archaeological content and inform the environmental and climatic context of the cave evolution. Most detrital deposits in the cave were probably deposited before Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 and the cave morphology and sedimentary deposits display current morphologies since ~135 ka. Consequently, the palaeontological and archaeological findings are older than ~135 ka. Calcite dated on and under the accumulation of bear skulls and bones suggests deposition during MIS 7. A first depositional contextualization of the bone accumulation does not allow us to discriminate between a natural or anthropogenic origin. The study emphasizes the added value of speleothem studies in archaeological sites and particularly in bringing a well‐constrained chronological and environmental framework.
Long non‐codingRNA XISTalleviates sepsis‐induced acute kidney injury through inhibiting inflammation and cell apoptosis via regulatingmiR‐155‐5p/WWC1axis
Authors: Wang Lei , Cao Qiu‐Mei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSepsis is characterized by a severe inflammatory response throughout the whole body and can induce acute kidney injury (AKI). This research aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms underlying miR‐155‐5p in sepsis‐induced AKI. CLP‐treated mice were used as anin vivomodel of sepsis‐induced AKI, and LPS‐treated HK‐2 and TCMK‐1 cells were used asin vitromodels. Bioinformatics analyses and mechanistic assays were utilized to reveal the relationships between molecules. H&E staining was used to reveal morphological changes in kidney tissues. ELISAs were conducted to detect the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines. We discovered that miR‐155‐5p was prominently upregulated in sepsis‐induced AKIin vivoandin vitro. MiR‐155‐5p inhibition alleviated kidney injury in mice. Moreover, WWC1 served as a direct target of miR‐155‐5p and was negatively regulated by miR‐155‐5p. WWC1 upregulation inhibited the productions of inflammatory cytokines and suppressed apoptosisin vivoandin vitro. In addition, rescue assays demonstrated that WWC1 knockdown counteracted the inhibitory effect of anti‐miR‐155‐5p on inflammation and apoptosis. Moreover, miR‐155‐5p could bind to XIST. XIST expression was downregulated in LPS‐stimulated HK‐2 and TCMK‐1 cells. XIST could negatively regulate miR‐155‐5p expression and positively regulate WWC1 expression. Rescue assays revealed that miR‐155‐5p overexpression significantly reversed the suppressive effects of XIST upregulation on inflammation and apoptosis. In conclusion, our study revealed that the XIST/miR‐155‐5p/WWC1 axis modulated sepsis‐induced AKI progression, providing promising insight into therapeutic targets for sepsis‐induced AKI.
Pretransplant Intensive Care Unit Management and Selection of Grade 3 Acute‐on‐Chronic Liver Failure Transplant Candidates
Authors: Michard Baptiste , Artzner Thierry , Deridder Mathilde , Besch Camille , Addeo Pietro , Castelain Vincent , Guillot Max , Harlay Marie‐Line , Herbrecht Jean‐Etienne , Janssen Langenstein Ralf , Schenck Maleka , Bachellier Philippe , Schneider Francis , Faitot François 
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study is to report on the liver transplantation (LT) activity and posttransplant outcome, over time, of patients with grade 3 acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF‐3) in a single transplant center performing a large number of LTs for patients with ACLF‐3. It aims at showing how pre‐LT intensive care unit (ICU) management impacts post‐LT outcomes, in particular through monitoring the transplantation for ACLF‐3 model (TAM) score. A total of 100 patients who had ACLF‐3 at the time of LT between 2007 and 2019 were included retrospectively. The cohort was divided in 2 periods, with 50 patients in each period. There was an increase in the number of patients with ACLF‐3 who received an LT during the course of the study period and significantly higher 1‐year post‐LT survival rates in the second period compared with the first period (86% versus 66%, respectively; P = 0.02). Interestingly, patients during both periods had similar severity profiles and scores apart from a significantly lower number of patients with TAM scores >2 at the time of LT in the second period compared with the first period (1 [2%] versus 11 [22%], respectively; P ≤ 0.01). In addition, patients whose clinical condition improved in the ICU (with a TAM score downstaged between admission and LT) had significantly higher post‐LT survival rates than those whose TAM score stayed the same or increased: 88% versus 70%, respectively (P = 0.04). This study shows a learning curve in LT for patients with ACLF‐3, with optimized ICU management and patient selection leading to increased numbers of LTs for patients with ACLF‐3 and improved post‐LT outcomes. It also delineates how the TAM score can be used to identify the optimal transplantability window for patients with ACLF‐3.
Sandwich‐Like Gelatin/Polycaprolactone/Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone 3D Model with Significantly Improved Cartilage Cells Adhesion and Regeneration
Authors: Li Kai , Liu Maiqi , Liu Tao , Han Xiaoshuai , Wang Dazhi , Zhang Fangyuan , Li Mingliang , Wang Xiaoying , Dong Chuanhe , Chen Hairong , Yu Aibing 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA novel sandwich‐like composite 3D model integrated with deposited gelatin film and printed polycaprolactone (PCL)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) scaffold is proposed for 3D cartilage cell culture. The 3D model includes three layers, top scaffold, middle gelatin film, and basal slide. The printed scaffold layer mimicking extracellular matrix is employed to provide 3D regeneration architecture; gelatin film layer is used for fixing printed scaffold and catching falling cells. Electrospray and electrohydrodynamic jet printing technologies are combined to construct sandwich‐like composite 3D model. The blended constructing processes are investigated thoroughly both theoretically and experimentally. The retained charges on the gelatin film are influenced the electric field distribution and jet behaviors during printing. The characteristics of gelatin film and composite scaffold are studied. The thickness, surface roughness, and planeness of one layer of deposited gelatin film are 400 nm, 22 nm, and 2.27 µm; the size of printed PCL/PVP composite fiber is 10 µm. The fabricated sandwich‐like composite 3D model is proved to facilitate adhesion and ingrowth of cartilage cells.
Manufacturing and Characterization of High‐Density Polyethylene Composites with Active Fillers from Persimmon Peel Flour with Improved Antioxidant Activity and Hydrophobicity
Authors: Rojas‐Lema Sandra , Lascano Diego , Ivorra‐Martinez Juan , Gomez‐Caturla Jaume , Balart Rafael , Garcia‐Garcia Daniel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe potential of persimmon peel waste (PPF) as renewable active filler in biobased polyethylene composites, with improved antioxidant properties and resistance to water uptake is shown. To improve the interaction between the hydrophilic biofiller and the highly hydrophobic matrix, several compatibilization approaches are assessed. The first approach consists of using a polyethylene grafted copolymer with maleic anhydride (PE‐g‐MA). The second approach consists of modifying the PPF surface with two treatments before compounding with Bio‐HDPE. The first consists on conventional silanization with (3‐glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, while the second consists on esterification with palmitoyl chloride. The results show an improvement of the matrix/biofiller interaction, as observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), leading to an increase in Young's modulus of 10% in composites compatibilized with PE‐g‐MA, and silanized PPF compared to composites without compatibilizer and no surface treatment on PPF. Interestingly, treatment with palmitoyl chloride leads to an increase in the hydrophobic behavior of composites keeping the water contact angle virtually constant at 128°. This effect is also reflected in a clear decrease in water absorption capacity of only 0.3 wt% over 9 weeks. Finally, PPF increases stabilization against oxidation, improving the oxidation induction time from 4.8 min (Bio‐HDPE) to 82.5 min for composites with silanized PPF.
Plant Polyphenol‐Inspired Crosslinking Strategy toward High Bonding Strength and Mildew Resistance for Soy Protein Adhesives
Authors: Ma Chao , Pang Huiwen , Shen Yulin , Liang Zhenxuan , Li Jianzhang , Zhang Shifeng , Shi Junyou 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSoybean protein adhesives are environmentally friendly biomass‐based aldehyde‐free adhesives that have good economic value for the wood industry; however, it remains challenging to produce soybean protein adhesives with excellent water resistance, toughness, and mildew resistance through a simple modification method. In this work, inspired by plant polyphenols, a novel crosslinked soybean meal adhesive (SMPT) is obtained using a facile economic method. Polyamidoamine‐epichlorohydrin (PAE) and tannic acid (TA) are combined with a soybean meal matrix to form a tough co‐crosslinked network through strong intermolecular forces (covalent bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrogen bonds) in adhesive system. The results show that the wet bonding strength of SMPT adhesives for plywood is 134.1% higher than the unmodified soybean meal adhesive. The adhesion properties met the standard requirements for interior‐use plywood. And the compact cross‐linking network structure is accelerated the greater energy dissipation, which improves the toughness of adhesive. Moreover, cationic azetidinium groups in PAE and phenol hydroxyl groups in TA synergistically not only exhibit the good antibacterial activities but also improve mildew resistance for SMPT adhesives. This facile strategy provides an economic sustainable method to prepare high‐performance environmentally friendly wood adhesives.
Real‐time respiratory motion compensated roadmaps for hepatic arterial interventions
Authors: Wagner Martin G. , Periyasamy Sarvesh , Longhurst Colin , McLachlan Matthew J. , Whitehead Joseph F. , Speidel Michael A. , Laeseke Paul F. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeDuring hepatic arterial interventions, catheter or guidewire position is determined by referencing or overlaying a previously acquired static vessel roadmap. Respiratory motion leads to significant discrepancies between the true position and configuration of the hepatic arteries and the roadmap, which makes navigation and accurate catheter placement more challenging and time consuming. The purpose of this work was to develop a dynamic respiratory motion compensated device guidance system and evaluate the accuracy and real‐time performance in an in vivo porcine liver model.MethodsThe proposed device navigation system estimates a respiratory motion model for the hepatic vasculature from prenavigational X‐ray image sequences acquired under free‐breathing conditions with and without contrast enhancement. During device navigation, the respiratory state is tracked based on live fluoroscopic images and then used to estimate vessel deformation based on the previously determined motion model. Additionally, guidewires and catheters are segmented from the fluoroscopic images using a deep learning approach. The vessel and device information are combined and shown in a real‐time display. Two different display modes are evaluated within this work: (1) a compensated roadmap display, where the vessel roadmap is shown moving with the respiratory motion; (2) an inverse compensated device display, where the device representation is compensated for respiratory motion and overlaid on a static roadmap. A porcine study including seven animals was performed to evaluate the accuracy and real‐time performance of the system. In each pig, a guidewire and microcatheter with a radiopaque marker were navigated to distal branches of the hepatic arteries under fluoroscopic guidance. Motion compensated displays were generated showing real‐time overlays of the vessel roadmap and intravascular devices. The accuracy of the motion model was estimated by comparing the estimated vessel motion to the motion of the X‐ray visible marker.ResultsThe median (minimum, maximum) error across animals was 1.08 mm (0.92 mm, 1.87 mm). Across different respiratory states and vessel branch levels, the odds of the guidewire tip being shown in the correct vessel branch were significantly higher (odds ratio = 3.12, p < 0.0001) for motion compensated displays compared to a noncompensated display (median probabilities of 86 and 69%, respectively). The average processing time per frame was 17 ms.ConclusionsThe proposed respiratory motion compensated device guidance system increased the accuracy of the displayed device position relative to the hepatic vasculature. Additionally, the provided display modes combine both vessel and device information and do not require the mental integration of different displays by the physician. The processing times were well within the range of conventional clinical frame rates.
A minimally invasive, efficient method for propagation of full‐field uncertainty in solid dynamics
Authors: Jones Reese E. , Redle Michael T. , Kolla Hemanth , Plews Julia A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe present a minimally invasive method for forward propagation of material property uncertainty to full‐field quantities of interest in solid dynamics. Full‐field uncertainty quantification enables the design of complex systems where quantities of interest, such as failure points, are not known a priori . The method, motivated by the well‐known probability density function (PDF) propagation method of turbulence modeling, uses an ensemble of solutions to provide the joint PDF of desired quantities at every point in the domain. A small subset of the ensemble is computed exactly, and the remainder of the samples are computed with approximation of the evolution equations based on those exact solutions. Although the proposed method has commonalities with traditional interpolatory stochastic collocation methods applied directly to quantities of interest, it is distinct and exploits the parameter dependence and smoothness of the driving term of the evolution equations. The implementation is model independent, storage and communication efficient, and straightforward. We demonstrate its efficiency, accuracy, scaling with dimension of the parameter space, and convergence in distribution with two problems: a quasi‐one‐dimensional bar impact, and a two material notched plate impact. For the bar impact problem, we provide an analytical solution to PDF of the solution fields for method validation. With the notched plate problem, we also demonstrate good parallel efficiency and scaling of the method.
DC microgrid fault‐tolerant control using state‐dependent Riccati equation techniques
Authors: Batmani Yazdan , Takhtabnus Mehran , Mirzaei Rahmatollah 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAn attempt is made to design a fault‐tolerant control system using a nonlinear technique, called the state‐dependent Riccati equation (SDRE) method. The proposed mechanism consists of a master controller, an observer‐based fault detection and isolation system, and three emergency controllers, designed using the SDRE methods. The master controller, as a suboptimal nonlinear regulator, is designed to return DC microgrid (MG) to its desired equilibrium point in normal operation condition. On the other hand, an SDRE observer is designed to establish a unified framework for fault detection and isolation in the DC MG. Indeed, in the case of unexpected fault occurrence, the proposed mechanism can isolate the faulty DG, and then, the emergency controllers are triggered immediately to stabilize the MG. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method is so useful to achieve the control objectives and online protection of the considered MG.
First-Line Durvalumab in Addition to Etoposide and Platinum for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A U.S.-Based Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Lin Shen , Luo Shaohong , Gu Dian , Li Meiyue , Rao Xin , Wang Changlian , Huang Pinfang , Xu Xiongwei , Weng Xiuhua 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
The latest published CASPIAN trial demonstrated that adding durvalumab to etoposide and platinum (EP) improved survival dramatically for patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Considering the high cost of durvalumab, this study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of durvalumab plus EP (DEP) in the first-line setting for treatment-naïve patients with ES-SCLC from the U.S. payer perspective.

Materials and Methods
We developed a three-state Markov model to simulate the disease course and source consumption of ES-SCLC over a lifetime horizon. Pseudo-individual patient-level data were generated from digitized Kaplan-Meier curves. Direct medical costs, including drug and administration costs, disease management and adverse events treatment fees, best supportive care and terminal care costs were obtained from sources including the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, and relevant literature. Health state utility values were derived from published literature. Main outcomes considered were total costs, life-years (LYs), quality-adjusted LYs (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). All costs were adjusted for inflation to reflect 2019 U.S. dollars. The willingness-to-pay threshold was set as $150,000/QALY. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were used to explore the uncertainty of model assumptions.

Results
Compared with EP, DEP was projected to increase life expectancy by 0.86 LYs (1.73 vs. 0.87) and 0.44 QALYs (0.93 vs. 0.49). The incremental treatment cost was $95,907, and the corresponding ICER was $216,953/QALY. The result was most sensitive to the variation of durvalumab acquisition cost. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis revealed that the probability of DEP over EP regimen to be cost-effective was 9.4% at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $150,000/QALY. In the case of reducing the price of durvalumab by 30.7%, DEP was more cost-effective than EP.

Conclusion
From the perspective of the U.S. payer, adding durvalumab to EP is estimated to be not cost-effective compared with EP alone for patients with untreated ES-SCLC.

Implications for Practice
The information provided by this analysis serves as a reference for decision makers. Lowering the price of durvalumab would be a potential measure to improve the economics of durvalumab plus etoposide and platinum (DEP), and the inclusion of durvalumab in the Medicare pharmacopeia could make DEP more economically available. These results may also guide physicians and patients to choose the most economically feasible treatment.