bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical efficacy of Mineralized Collagen (MC) versus Bio-Oss for immediate implant implantation in esthetic area: a single-center retrospective clinical study
Authors: Dai Yan , Xu Jin , Han Xiao-Hui , Cui Fu-Zhai , Zhang Dong-Sheng , Huang Sheng-Yun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of mineralized collagen (MC) versus Bio-Oss for immediate implant implantation in esthetic area. Methods: Medical records of Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Shandong Provincial Hospital were screened for patients who had been treated with immediate implant implantation in the esthetic area using either MC( Allgens®) or Bio-Oss®, between January 2018 and December 2019. All patients fulfilling the in-/exclusion criteria and following for a minimum period of 1 year after surgery were enrolled into the presented study. Implant survival rate, radiographic, esthetic and patient satisfactory evaluations were performed.Results: Altogether, 70 patients were included in the study; a total of 80 implants were inserted. All implants had good initial stability after implantation. The survival rate of implants was 100% at 1-year follow-up. The differences in horizontal and vertical bone loss between the Trail group (0.72±0.26mm, 1.62±0.84mm) and the Control group (0.70±0.52 mm, 1.57±0.88mm) were statistically no significant at 6 months after permanent restoration. Similar results occurred at 12 months after permanent restoration. Clinical acceptability defined by PES ≥ 6 (6.07±1.62 vs. 6.13±1.41) was not significantly different between groups. Patient satisfaction estimated by VAS was similar (8.56±1.12 vs. 8.27±1.44), and the difference was not statistically significant between the two groups.Conclusions: The biomimetic MC seems to be a suitable and feasible option for bone graft material in immediate implant implantation.
Consideration of the Optimal Surgical Procedure Based on the Risk of Recurrence in Clinical Stage 0 or IA Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Takenaka Tomoyoshi , Tagawa Tetsuzo , Hartake Naoki , Kinoshita Fumihiko , Ono Yuki , Wakasu Sho , Oku Yuka , Mori Masaki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Although sublobar resection is widely performed for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer, what kind of patients should be actively indicated for sublobar resection has not yet been established according to 8th edition of tumor node metastasis classification (TNM). We evaluated the computed tomography (CT) features and optimal surgical procedures of clinical stage 0 or IA adenocarcinoma from the perspective of recurrence.
Methods
We retrospectively investigated 508 lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed as c-stage 0 or IA in the 8th edition of TNM classification. A survival analysis was performed according to the clinical T descriptor, CT features and surgical procedures.
Results
The tumors were classified as follows: 74 with pure ground glass opacity (GGO), 237 part-solid tumors and 197 solid tumors. The types of surgical procedures were lobectomy (n = 328), segmentectomy (n = 73) and wedge resection (n = 107). Clinical T descriptors were cTis in 74 patients, cT1mi in 68 patients, cT1a in 94 patients, cT1b in 181 patients and cT1c in 91 patients. Recurrence was observed 46 cases (9%), including 3 (3.1%) with cT1a, 23 (12.7%) with cT1b and 20 (22.0%) with cT1c. No recurrence was observed in cTis or cT1mi cases. Solid tumors with cT1b recurred more often than part-solid tumors among cT1b cases (6.8% vs. 16.8%) (p = 0.046). There were no marked differences in the recurrence rate between part-solid and solid tumors in the cT1a and cT1c groups. The patients who received sublobar resection developed recurrence more often than the patients who received lobectomy among cT1b cases (10.1% vs. 21.4%) and cT1c cases (18.0% vs. 46.2%) (p = 0.053 and p = 0.023).
Conclusions
Pure GGO and cT1mi cases should be actively considered for sublobar resection, while cT1b (especially solid cT1b cases) and cT1c cases should be considered for lobectomy to prevent recurrence.
Genome-wide analysis of protein-protein interactions and involvement of viral proteins in SARS-CoV-2 replication
Authors: Jiang Yiling , Tong Kuijie , Yao Roubin , Zhou Yuanze , Lin Hanwen , Du Liubing , Jin Yunyun , Cao Liu , Tan Jingquan , Guo Deyin , Pan Ji-An , Peng Xiaoxue 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Analysis of viral protein-protein interactions is an essential step to uncover the viral protein functions and the molecular mechanism for the assembly of a viral protein complex. We employed a mammalian two-hybrid system to screen all the viral proteins of SARS-CoV-2 for the protein-protein interactions. Our study detected 48 interactions, 14 of which were firstly reported here. Unlike Nsp1 of SARS-CoV, Nsp1 of SARS-CoV-2 has the most interacting partners among all the viral proteins and likely functions as a hub for the viral proteins. Five self-interactions were confirmed, and five interactions, Nsp1/Nsp3.1, Nsp3.1/N, Nsp3.2/Nsp12, Nsp10/Nsp14, and Nsp10/Nsp16, were determined to be positive bidirectionally. Using the replicon reporter system of SARS-CoV-2, we screened all viral proteins for their impacts on the viral replication and revealed Nsp3.1, the N-terminus of Nsp3, significantly inhibited the replicon reporter gene expression. We found Nsp3 interacted with N through its acidic region at N-terminus, while N interacted with Nsp3 through its NTD, which is rich in the basic amino acids. Furthermore, using purified truncated N and Nsp3 proteins, we determined the direct interactions between Nsp3 and N protein. In summary, our findings provided a basis for understanding the functions of coronavirus proteins and supported the potential of interactions as the target for antiviral drug development.
Imbalance of the intestinal virome caused by a conditional deletion of the vitamin D receptor from epithelial cells, Paneth cells, or myeloid cells in murine models
Authors: Zhang Jilei , Zhang Yong-guo , Xia Yinglin , Sun Jun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is highly conserved in mammals, and its deficiency is associated with various diseases (e.g., cancer, infection, and chronic inflammation). Prior research has described the effect of VDR on bacteria; however, little is known regarding the effects of VDR on viruses. We hypothesize that VDR is a regulator of the virome and virus-bacterial interactions. We conditionally deleted VDR from intestinal epithelial cells (VDRΔIEC), Paneth cells (VDRΔPC), and myeloid cells (VDRΔLyz) in mice. Feces were collected for shotgun metagenomic sequencing and metabolite profiling. To test the functional changes, we evaluated pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and analyzed microbial metabolites. Results Vibrio phages, Lactobacillus phages and Escherichia coli typing phages were significantly enriched in all three conditional VDR-knockout mice compared to VDRLoxP mice. In the VDRΔLyz mice, the levels of eight more virus species (2 enriched, 6 depleted) were significantly changed. These significantly altered virus species were primarily observed in female VDRΔLyz (2 enriched, 3 depleted) versus male VDRΔLyz (1 enriched, 1 depleted). Altered alpha and beta diversity were found in VDRΔLyz (family to species). In VDRΔIEC mice, bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 was significantly enriched. Overall, these significantly altered virus species were more often observed in female VDRΔIEC mice (2 enriched, 5 depleted) versus male mice (none). A significant correlation between viral and bacterial alterations was found in conditional VDR knockout mice. There was a positive correlation between Vibrio phage JSF5 and Cutibacterium acnes in VDRΔPC and VDRΔLyz mice. Also, there were more altered viral species in female conditional VDR knockout mice. Notably, there were significant changes in PRRs: upregulated TLR3, TLR7, and NOD2 in VDRΔLyz mice and increased CLEC4L expression in VDRΔIEC and VDRΔPC mice. Furthermore, we identified metabolites related to virus infection: decreased glucose in VDRΔIEC mice, increased ribulose/xylulose and xylose in VDRΔLyz mice, and increased long-chain fatty acids in VDRΔIEC and VDRΔLyz female mice. Conclusion Tissue-specific deletion of VDR changes the virome and functionally changes viral receptors, which leads to dysbiosis, metabolic dysfunction, and infection risk. This study helps to elucidate VDR regulation of the virome in a tissue-specific and sex-specific manner.
Rapid and Flexible Semantic Segmentation of Electron Microscopy Data Using Few-Shot Machine Learning
Authors: Akers Sarah , Kautz Elizabeth , Trevino-Gavito Andrea , Olszta Matthew , Matthews Bethany , Wang Le , Du Yingge , Spurgeon Steven 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Semantic segmentation of key microstructural features in atomic-scale electron microscope images is critical to improved understanding of structure-property relationships in many important materials and chemical systems. However, the present paradigm involves time-intensive manual analysis that is inherently biased, error-prone, and unable to accommodate the large volumes of data produced by modern instrumentation. While more automated approaches have been proposed, many are not robust to a high variety of data, and do not generalize well to diverse microstructural features and material systems. Here, we present a flexible, semi-supervised few-shot machine learning approach for semantic segmentation of scanning transmission electron microscopy images of three oxide material systems: (1) epitaxial heterostructures of SrTiO3 / Ge, (2) La0.8Sr0.2FeO3 thin films, and (3) MoO3 nanoparticles. We demonstrate that the few-shot learning method is more robust against noise, more reconfigurable, and requires less data than conventional image analysis methods. This approach can enable rapid image classification and microstructural feature mapping needed for emerging high-throughput and autonomous microscope platforms.
A machine learning model to predict death outcome in severe COVID-19 patients
Authors: Yang Qiao , Li Jixi , Zhang Zhijia , Wu Xiaocheng , Liao Tongquan , Yu Shiyong , You Zaichun , Hou Xianhua , Ye Jun , Liu Gang , Ma Siyuan , Xie Ganfeng , Zhou Yi , Li Mengxia , Wu Meihui , Feng Yimei , Wang Weili , Li Lufeng , Xie Dongjing , Hu Yunhui , Liu Xi , Wang Bin , Zhao Songtao , Li Li , Luo Chunmei , Tang Tang , Wu Hongmei , Hu Tianyu , Yang Guangrong , Luo Bangyu , Li Lingchen , Yang Xiu , Li Qi , Xu Zhi , Wu Hao , Sun Jianguo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads rapidly among people and causes a global pandemic. It is of great clinical significance to identify COVID-19 patients with high risk of death.ResultsOf the 2,169 COVID-19 patients, the median age was 61 years and male patients accounted for 48%. A total of 646 patients were diagnosed with severe illness, and 75 patients died. Obvious differences in demographics, clinical characteristics and laboratory examinations were found between survivors and non-survivors. A decision tree classifier, including three biomarkers, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein and lactic dehydrogenase, was developed to predict death outcome in severe patients. This model performed well both in train dataset and test dataset. The accuracy of this model was 0.98 and 0.98, respectively.ConclusionThe machine learning model was robust and effective in predicting the death outcome in severe COVID-19 patients.
Can intersectionality help with understanding and tackling health inequalities? Perspectives of professional stakeholders
Authors: Holman Daniel , Salway Sarah , Bell Andrew , Beach Brian , Adebajo Adewale , Ali Nuzhat , Butt Jabeer 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The concept of ‘intersectionality’ is increasingly employed within public health arenas, particularly in North America, and is often heralded as offering great potential to advance health inequalities research and action. Given persistently poor progress towards tackling health inequalities, and recent calls to reframe this agenda in the UK and Europe, the possible contribution of intersectionality deserves attention. Yet, no existing research has examined professional stakeholder understandings and perspectives on applying intersectionality to this field. In this paper we seek to address that gap, drawing upon a consultation survey and workshop undertaken in the UK. The survey included both researchers (n = 53) and practitioners (n = 20) with varied roles and levels of engagement in research and evaluation. Topics included: familiarity with the term and concept ‘intersectionality’, relevance to health inequalities work, and issues shaping its uptake. Respondents were also asked to comment on two specific policy suggestions; targeting and tailoring interventions to intersectional sub-groups, and evaluating the intersectional effects of policies. 23 people attended the face-to-face workshop. The aims of the workshop were to: share examples of applying intersectionality within health inequalities research and practice; understand the views of research and practice colleagues on potential contributions and challenges; and identify potential ways to promote intersectional approaches. Findings indicated a generally positive response to the concept and a cautiously optimistic assessment that intersectional approaches could be valuable. However, opinions were mixed and various challenges were raised, especially around whether intersectionality research is necessarily critical and transformative and, accordingly, how it should be operationalised methodologically. Nonetheless, there was general agreement that intersectionality is concerned with diverse inequalities and the systems of power that shape them. We position intersectionality within the wider context of health inequalities policy and practice, suggesting potential ways forward for the approach in the UK context.
Textural, fluid inclusion, and in-situ oxygen isotope studies of quartz: Constraints on vein formation, disequilibrium fractionation, and gold precipitation at the Bilihe gold deposit, Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Qiao Xueyuan , Li Wenbo , Zhang Lejun , Zhang Fanghua , Zhu Xuefeng , Xia Xiaoping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Bilihe is a porphyry gold deposit located in the northern margin of the North China Craton (NCC), Inner Mongolia, China. Different stages of quartz are well developed at this deposit. To document the history of quartz deposition, the fluid evolution and gold precipitation events of the deposit and the detailed oxygen isotope signatures of quartz from Bilihe were studied using high-resolution secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), then integrated with scanning electron microscope-cathodoluminescence (SEM-CL) and fluid inclusion microthermometry. The SEM-CL features show that the hydrothermal veins at Bilihe have a complex growth history, with multiple generations of quartz developed in each set of veins. Fluid inclusions in different quartz stages yield variable homogenization temperatures, ranging from 178 °C to above 600 °C. These quartz stages exhibit variable δ18O values of 3.5–15.4‰, corresponding to δ18Ofluid ranging from –8.7 to 12.0‰. There are two abnormal peaks of δ18Oquartz and δ18Ofluid values occurring in a sub-generation of A type veins and auriferous-banded quartz veins, suggesting that the vein quartz may have experienced sporadic disequilibrium oxygen fractionation with water when crystallizing, thus resulting in local 18O-enrichment. The overall δ18Ofluid values, which show a gradual decrease from early to late stages, suggest a progressive decrease in the proportion of magmatic hydrothermal fluids. The relationship between quartz textures and gold occurrence shows that gold precipitated twice at Bilihe. The first precipitation in the UST quartz may have resulted from rapid cooling and indicates that the addition of meteoric water was not necessary for gold precipitation, whereas the progressive incursion of meteoric water probably had a significant effect on the second gold precipitation event.
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de los odontólogos en Colombia respecto a la osteonecrosis de las mandíbulas inducida por bisfosfonatos
Authors: Fernández Grisales Rafael , Joya Grajales Elizabeth , Valencia Villegas Catalina , Muñoz Zapata Sebastián , Manrique Rubén Darío 
Published: March 2021

Introducción y objetivo: Para proporcionar un tratamiento odontológico adecuado a los pacientes que están bajo terapia con bisfosfonatos, es importante que los odontólogos realicen una buena anamnesis, un examen clínico integral para evaluar los posibles factores de riesgo de osteonecrosis de las maxilares inducida por bisfosfonatos (BIONJ). Aunque este tema ha sido explorado en otras partes del mundo, en Colombia actualmente no hay evidencia científica que lo respalde. Así, el objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el conocimiento, las actitudes y prácticas (dominios) de los odontólogos generales y especialistas con respecto a la BIONJ. Materiales y métodos: Encuestas físicas y digitales que incluían preguntas sobre conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas con respecto a BIONJ fueron distribuidas y llenadas por 228 odontólogos generales y 114 especialistas en Colombia. La prueba t de Student se usó para determinar la diferencia estadística entre grupos de odntólogos (P <0.05). Resultados: El dominio de actitudes se eliminó del análisis ya que no cumplía con los criterios estadísticos. La tasa general de conocimiento de BIONJ fue de 55,8%, siendo 65,3% y 50,7% para especialistas y odontólogos generales, respectivamente. La diferencia entre estos grupos fue estadísticamente significativa (P = 0,0004). La tasa general de prácticas decuadas fue del 38.4%, siendo 44.6% para los especialistas y 35.1% para los odontólogos generales. La diferencia entre estos grupos fue estadísticamente significativa (P = 0.023). Conclusión: El nivel de conocimiento y buenas prácticas con respecto a BIONJ en Colombia fue mayor y mejor en los odontólogos especialistas que en los generales. Aquellos con puntajes altos de conocimiento sugirieron mayores esfuerzos educativos en la difusión del conocimiento sobre BIONJ entre los odontólogos generales.
Frecuencia de posiciones de terceros molares impactados en pacientes atendidos en la IPS CES-Sabaneta - Antioquia
Authors: Mosquera Valencia Yirlon , Vélez Zapata Daniel , Velasquez Velasquez Mariluz 
Published: March 2021

Introducción y Objetivo: La impactación de terceros molares es una situación clínica muy común en la población mundial; Pell & Gregory han sugerido una clasificación para la impactación basados en la posición horizontal y vertical. Identificar la frecuencia de posiciones de terceros molares impactados en pacientes atendidos en la clínica CES-Sabaneta entre los años 2006-2016. Materiales y métodos: De acuerdo a la base de datos del servicio de cirugía oral, dos examinadores durante 3 meses revisaron 626 historias clínicas en pacientes entre 17 a 28 años de edad que tuvieran formula dental completa, con radiografía panorámica y que fueron remitidos por motivos ortodónticos, restaurativos o quirúrgicos. Resultados: Un total de 515 terceros molares fueron evaluados, el tercer molar más impactado fue el 28 (25,6%), seguido del 18 (25,4%), el 48 con 24,6% y el 38 con 24,2%. Prevaleció el género femenino con 58,6%, el diente más impactado fue el 28 (87.8%), a nivel vertical la posición C fue la que más se impactó, mientras que en los hombres el diente más impactado es el 18 con un 79.7%, la posición B fue la más impactada y a nivel horizontal la clase II fue la más común en ambos sexos. Conclusión: A nivel vertical la posición B, fue la más frecuente en los terceros molares del género femenino, sin embargo, en el género masculino hubo una variación, en el maxilar predomino la posición C; a nivel horizontal la clase II fue las posiciones más frecuentes en ambos géneros.
Parametric optimization of cyanobacterial coagulation at exponential and decline phases by combining polyaluminum chloride and cationic polyacrylamide
Authors: Song Weijun , Xie Yu , Hu Jiapeng , Wu Xunfang , Li Xi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Microcystis spp. is the most common and problematic species during cyanobacterial bloom. This study employed Microcystis aeruginosa for coagulation experiments. Effects of polyaluminum chloride (PAC), cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM), and pH value on cyanobacterial removal at exponential and decline phases by coagulation were investigated by measuring chlorophyll a. A mathematical model between factors and response variables was established using response surface methodology (RSM). Results showed that factors of CPAM dosage, PAC dosage, and pH value could strongly affect the removal ratio of Microcystis at both exponential and decline phases. RSM revealed that the order of influence factors on the removal of chlorophyll a was CPAM &gt; PAC &gt; pH for Microcystis at the exponential phase, and these orders of CPAM &gt; PAC &gt; pH (PAC coagulation) and CPAM &gt; PAC &gt; pH (CPAM coagulation) were for Microcystis at the decline phase. It suggested that the growth phase of cyanobacteria was also quite important to optimize the coagulation process. Besides, a fitted model was developed, and it could well predict the removal ratio of chlorophyll a by coagulation with various treatments. The model recommended dosages of CPAM (3.72 mg/L) and PAC (10.23 mg/L) for Microcystis at the exponential phase with a pH value of 8.25, and dosages of CPAM (5.98 mg/L) and PAC (17.81 mg/L) were for Microcystis at the decline phase with a pH value of 8.21. Overall, these results would provide a technical guideline of combining PAC and CPAM to treat cyanobacteria at exponential and decline phases.
Prediction of groundwater trends for irrigation in Northern Bangladesh
Authors: Mridha Mohammad Abid Hossain , Rahman Syed Hafizur 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Groundwater trends affect the domestic, agricultural, and industrial prospects of a region. The study area is Bogura, a northern region of Bangladesh, located on the Pleistocene terrace of the Bengal Basin. The aquifer consists of medium-to-coarse sand, located at a depth of 4.66–42.68 m; groundwater is scarce during dry seasons. The water table (WT) time-series data for 2007–2019 were used for forecasting and characterizing present and future groundwater conditions using existing numerical simulations. The annual groundwater budget for discharge and storage was 2,772 and 2,442 Mm3, respectively. Thus, the annual scarcity of groundwater was 330.4 Mm3 (13.5%), excluding the surface water contribution of 10 Mm3 (0.4%). The present spacing of deep tube wells (DTWs) and shallow tube wells (STWs) was 744 and 372 m, respectively. Currently, the DTW spacing ranged 744–800 m; however, the STW spacing of 250–372 m is higher than the set distance. Hence, further installations of STWs were strictly disallowed for irrigation. WT declined by 1.0 m in the last 13 years, i.e., 0.07 m or 1.2% decline rate per annum, causing water scarcity in the region during the peak period in the dry season (June–February), thus affecting irrigation and limiting agricultural production.
Electric conversion treatment of cobalt-containing wastewater
Authors: Lin Shengnan , Pan Xijuan , Meng Deliang , Zhang Tingan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Long-term accumulation of cobalt-containing wastewater may also pollute groundwater and cause a large amount of loss of valuable metals. Therefore, the comprehensive utilization of cobalt-containing wastewater must be realized, especially as cobalt itself is a very important strategic resource. This paper proposes a membrane electroconversion method to separate cobalt ions from cobalt-containing wastewater and prepare cobalt hydroxide. In addition, the electrolysis process was optimized, and single-factor experiments such as the initial concentration, cobalt ions, current density, temperature etc., and economic calculations such as current efficiency were explored. The electrolysis product was calcined as the precursor to obtain the oxide Co3O4, and the calcination experiment was also optimized. In this concentration range, more than 90% of cobalt can be recovered within 2 h.