bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of natural folic acid in infant poured cream soup using mocaf for complementary feeding
Authors: Susilowati A , Aspiyanto  , Maryati Y , Lotulung P D N , Melanie H 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Food additives using mocaf flour is a novelty as carrier of natural folic acid. This experiment work aims to find out optimization in adding mocaf to infant poured cream soup fortified by fortificant A (mixture of soy tempeh, nixtamalized yellow dent corn and fermented broccoli) and fortificant B (mixture of mung bean tempeh, nixtamalized yellow dent corn and fermented broccoli) on the whole compositions, particularly folic acid, characteristic, and efficiency for each component before and after pouring. Adding mocaf was conducted at concentrations of 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30% (w/w, base formula of cream soup). The result of experiment showed that optimization for both folic acid in infant poured cream soup A and B were achieved at mocaf concentration of 24% (w/w, base formula of cream soup), which was able to increase folic acid 121.75% (1.22 folds) and 164.69% (1.65 folds), and total sugars 268.92% (2.7 folds) and 58.69% (0.59 fold), respectively compared with concentrations of folic acid and total sugars without adding mocaf (0%). In these conditions, both poured cream soup A and B gave efficiency on recoveries of folic acids of 46.62% and 51.34%, dissolved protein of 16.87% and 4.53%, total solids of 10.94% and 10.59%, total sugars of 57.86% and 39.73%, reducing sugars of 30.46% and 40.16%, respectively compared with concentration for each component without pouring which yields one (1) of dominant folic acid monomer with molecular weight 442.57 Da. and 2 folic acid monomers with MW of 442.12 Da. and 442.27 Da.. Meanwhile, particle size distribution at quantities of 10, 50, 90% were subsequently 8.94, 16,54, 125.02 μm and 9.54, 17.34, 106.49 μm, average particles size of 39.81 and 41.07 μm dominated by volatile compound as acetic acid of 14.86% and 27.97%, sucrose compound of 43.99% and 23.46%, methyl ester of 23.29% and 15.28%, ethanol of 14.10% and 11.67%, and fatty acids of 3.77% and 21.61%.
Adsorption Kinetic and Isotherm of Solution Pair of Methylene Blue and Crystal Violet by Algae-Silica-Magnetite Hybrid Adsorbent on Porphyridium sp. Algae
Authors: Permatasari D , Buhani  , Rilyanti M , Suharso  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Algae-silica-magnetite hybrid (PSM) from Porphyridium sp. algae has been successfully synthesized using precursor tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and coating with magnetite particles (Fe3O4) via a sol-gel process. The resulting adsorbent was applied for adsorption of solution pair of methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV). The result of the analysis using the Infrared Spectrometer (IR) showed that in the PSM adsorbent there is an organic groups derived from Porphyridium sp. algae while silanol and siloxane group derived from silica matrix. In addition, surface morphology analysis results using Scanning Electron Microscopy With Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) showed PSM surface has more heterogeneous than algae-silica hybrid (PS). The adsorption of solution pair of MB and CV by PSM was done under the experimental conditions of adsorbent of 0.1 g, interaction pH of 8, contact time of 90 min, and adsorbate concentration of 0.5 mmol L−1. The adsorption kinetics data indicate that it tends to follow the pseudo second order model with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.989 and 0.965 respectively. While, the adsorption isotherm model tends to follow Freundlich model.
Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Fungi Associated with Indonesian Sesbania grandiflora Plant
Authors: Nurhidayat A , Noviany N , Setiawan A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In the present study, endophytic fungi associated with Indonesian Sesbania grandiflora plant were isolated and identified for the first time. The objective of this study was to report new data regarding the endophytic fungi found in S. grandiflora as one of Indonesian medicinal plant. Six isolates of endophytic fungi were isolated from the leaves, bark, seed, flower, and root of S. grandiflora collected from Labuhan Ratu, Kedaton, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. Based on the prediction of their morphological characteristics visually, four isolates from all parts of plant were identified as Fusarium sp, while two isolates obtained from the bark and the seed were identified as Hormiscium sp and Penicillium sp, respectively. In addition, TLC profile result of secondary metabolites extract of endophytic fungi indicated that more than one major compound was observed. Furthermore, the antibacterial screening of isolated endophytic fungi did not show inhibition growth against resistant E. coli. However, the phytopharmacological study on the isolated fungi associated with S. grandiflora as well as their biological properties are still in progress. The results of this study revealed that S. grandiflora plant is reliable source of endophytic fungi for the future investigation.
Synthesis, characterization, and antioxidant activity of some organotin(IV) 2-nitrobenzoate using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) method
Authors: Nopitasari  , Suhartati T , Suharso  , Herasari D , Pandiangan K D , Hadi S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Synthesis, characterization, and antioxidant activity of diphenyltin(IV) di-2-nitrobenzoate (2), dibutyltin(IV) di-2-nitrobenzoate (4), and triphenyltin(IV) 2-nitrobenzoate (6) using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) method has been successfully carried out. All compounds were well characterized by some spectroscopy techniques of UV, IR, NMR and based on physical technique by microelemental analysis. The result showed that diphenyltin(IV) di-2-nitrobenzoate was the most active in the antioxidant activity test, with an IC50 value of 8.6 μg/mL compared to the other compounds in which the dibutyltin(IV) di-2-nitrobenzoate and triphenyltin(IV) 2-nitrobenzoate have IC50 values of 12.29 μg/mL and 27.28 μg/mL, respectively, which indicated that compounds 6 and 9 were categorized active antioxidant activity. However the IC50 values of these compounds were higher than the positive control, ascorbic acid with IC50 value of 0.66 μg/mL.
Synthesis, characterization and the antifungal activity test of some organotin(IV) benzoates
Authors: Hadi S , Irawan B , Yandri  , Suhartati T 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In continuing search on the biological activity of the organotin compounds we are working with, We here reported the synthesis and the antifungal activity test of three organotin(IV) complexes of dibutyltin(IV) dibenzoate (3), diphenyltin(IV) dibenzoate (6) and triphenyltin(IV) benzoate (9). These three compounds were prepared by the reaction of dibutyltin(IV) dichloride (1), diphenyltin(IV) dichloride (4), and triphenyltin(IV) chloride (7) via dibutyltin(IV) oxide (2), diphenyltin(IV) oxide (5), and triphenyltin(IV) hydroxide (8) with benzoic acid. The product obtained in each step was characterized by UV, IR and NMR spectroscopies and also microelemental analysis. The antifungal activity test was carried out against Fusarium oxysporum strain. The results showed that the inhibition zone shown by these organotin(IV) benzoate were found by far much more active compared to the free benzoic acid, the starting materials 1, 4, 7, and the intermediate products, 2, 5 and 8. The inhibition zone of each of the compounds tested was compared with the control where the fungus alone was grown in the media. The results showed that triphenyltin(IV) benzoate (9) was the most active compound against the fungus and the minimum inhibitory concentration obtained was about 0.7 mM.
Docking Interaction of Chromium(III) Picolinate and Chromate Ion Compounds with Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase as Insulin Receptors
Authors: Ambarwati Y , Martoprawiro M A , Mulyani I , Ismunandar  , Onggo D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Chromium(III) compounds have been shown to reduce glucose levels in type 2 diabetics, however, the role of chromium(III) in glucose metabolism cannot be clearly explained. Based on in vitro studies, there are two opinions regarding the mechanism of the role of chromium(III), the first opinion states that the chromium(III) that enters the body directly interacts with protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP). Second opinion, chromium(III) which enters the body undergoes oxidation to become chromium(VI), and chromium(VI) interacts with PTP. To determine the mechanism that occurs, modeling using chromium(III) picolinate as a chromium(III) complex and chromate ion as chromium(VI) interacts with PTP. The structure optimization compounds was carried out using the Hartree-Fock computation method based on the 6-31G(d). The interaction study was studied using the Autodock Vina and ONIOM methods. The interaction results of chromium(III) picolinate docking interact with Leu(13), Ile(16), Ser(47), Trp(49), Asn(50), and Tyr(131) with interaction energy of - 7.00 kcal.mol−1. Chromate ion interacts with amino acids Leu(13), Gly(14), Ile(16), Cys(17) and Arg(18) with an interaction energy of -4.10 kcal.mol−1. The result of interaction energy of chromium(III) picolinate is lower than that of chromate ion, which indicates that the interaction of chromium(III) picolinate with PTP is better than chromate ion.
Transformation of multiple representation in real world physics problem solving
Authors: Murshed M. , Phang F. A. , Bunyamin M. A. H. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Multiple representation (MR) refers to the use of more than one way of representing ideas, concepts, and processes such as pictorial, graphical, numerical, oral and table. Studies in physics education also found that using MR increases achievement of problem solving among students when more emphasis was placed on qualitative representation. However, students often fail to exploit the advantages of MR or are difficult to transform between MR. In this study, the transformation of MR (TMR) carried out by the secondary school students in real-world physics problems was studied. The Think-Aloud Protocol (TAP) and retrospective semi structured interview (ProTRet) were used to provide more information about how the students use TMR in solving real-world problems. The analysis was qualitative in nature, focusing mainly on the process of the TMRs employed as well as the underlying reasons for their applications. The research data was analysed using constant comparative method (CCM) including open coding axial, coding and selected coding that generates a concept. It was found that there were three types of TMR created by the participants at the early stage of problem-solving, which could be used as an evaluation guide for process monitoring.
Diamond Touch (DT) based on hyperactive game in applying the concept of life science in early childhood education
Authors: Karnadi K , Sasmita K , Badrudin B , Palenewen E , Solihin S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Media DT based on this simple innovation hyperactive game is an alternative learning media used during the Covid-19 pandemic. This quantitative research aims to see the influence of these media on student learning outcomes. Forty-six primary school respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The research instrument was a questionnaire and multiple choices. Data were analyzed by a simple regression test at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed the influence of hyperactive game-based DT media in increasing understanding of the concept of life science. The results of this study imply that the selection of attractive media is an important requirement in the learning process of the 21st century.
The content validity of the assessment instrument on the characters of wasaka in wetland environment physics learning
Authors: Wati M , Misbah M 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWasaka (waja sampai kaputing)is a philosophy widely known by the Banjar tribe. This philosophical value needs to be strengthened and maintained amongst students as part of character education. Therefore, an assessment instrument of the characterwasakawas developed to help teachers measure the values of religious, sincere, hard work, resilience, honesty, and persistence in students. This article aims to describe the validation of the contents ofwasakacharacter through assessment instrument as carried out using expert judgment method. There are 35 statement items assessed by 13 validators. Each statement item is examined by five assessment categories included in the expert validation sheets. The results of the assessments were analyzed using Aiken’s V equation to determine the level of validity of each statement item. With a validity standard of 0.75, there are 29 valid items and six invalid items. Furthermore, valid statements will be tested on students to determine the reliability of their measurements.
Trend exploration of the use of cognitive assessment techniques by high school science teachers
Authors: Ikhsanudin I , Nurtanto M , Atta H B , Novaliah  , Istiyono E 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study aims to describe the frequency of use of cognitive assessment techniques based on the length of the teaching of high school science teachers. The length of teaching indicates experiences that support teacher professionalism. A survey method was conducted on eighteen teachers from three outstanding schools. The research sample was determined purposively. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires and data analysis using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the dominant assessment technique used by high school science teachers was the written test, which was an average of 32 times in one semester. The group of teachers with a teaching length of 11 to 20 years used a more diverse range of assessment techniques than groups with other teaching lengths. Descriptively, it can be said that the frequency of use of various cognitive assessment techniques is related to the length of teaching teachers with the tendency to use written tests. However, the conclusions of this study cannot be generalized. Therefore, further research is needed with a representative research sample on the same topic. Besides, teachers and/or researchers can also investigate the combination of using assessment techniques to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of science learning.
The practicality of islamic integrated ethnobotany textbooks based on the 3D pageflip application
Authors: Handayani I. S. , Ayatusa’adah  , Lestariningsih N. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to produce an Islamic Integrated Ethnobotany textbook based on the 3D PageFlip application with practical criteria. This research is part of development research with the ADDIE design. This research is in the implementation stage. The research data were obtained from the field test stage conducted online on Biology Education students at IAIN Palangka Raya in the even semester 2019/2020. Data collection related to the practicality of textbooks used a response questionnaire instrument given to one lecturer and 29 students as well as a questionnaire for the implementation of learning by two observers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis techniques. The results of the analysis of the lecturer response questionnaire obtained a percentage of 90.9% (very practical). The results of the student response questionnaire analysis obtained a percentage of 84.8% (very practical). The results of the analysis of the learning implementation questionnaire by the observer obtained a percentage of 91.8% (very good). Therefore, it can be concluded that the Islamic Integrated Ethnobotany textbook based on the 3D PageFlip application is practical to use in the Ethnobotany learning process.
Students’ understanding of chemical bonding material through the rasch modelling data symptoms analysis
Authors: Almubarak  , Iriani R 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Barke et al. (2009) said that chemistry education was a bridge in constructing students’ knowledge, where everyone had preconception, which was then built into scientific concepts. The ability to interpret the students about chemical material is essential, so it needs more intervention, such as the process of analyzing the students’ learning needs. The Rasch model is an alternative way to find out how the learners understand through the response patterns of Rasch data symptoms and assess how various designs arise from given responses. This study aimed to determine the average logit value and person reliability of the students based on the Rasch model analysis. The research method used was a descriptive qualitative approach. The Rasch model analysis data was interpreted scientifically to describe the students’ understanding of chemical bonding material. The research result showed that the students’ logit average value was 0.65 which was above the logit average value of the item; it means that the participants’ ability was more significant than the difficulty level of the questions and the person reliability was 0.79 (suitable). The conclusion is that the students’ understanding of chemical bonding material is quite good by looking at the distribution of Rasch model analysis data. This analysis can be a reflection and evaluation material for teachers to improve the quality of chemistry learning.
The validity of science e-module based on the authentic problem
Authors: Yunita A , Suyidno S , Syahmani S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The ability of scientific literacy and self-efficacy needs to be increased by students because students in the era of society 5.0 are required to have various skills. The availability of students’ books also has limitations in the presentation of material. To solve this problem, it needs to develop the integration of a supplement of teaching materials with the situation in the 21st century. An e-module (electronic module) with authentic problems was helped students learned independently. The purpose of this research is to produce a valid to authentic problem-based science e-module. Assessment for product advisability is assessed by experts and practitioner, where the evaluation is carried out using questioners form. This research and development design uses a 3D model (an adaptation of Thiagarajan, Semmel, Semmel). Based on the result, it can be conducted that the average total value was 85.12, which is categorized to very valid. Therefore, e-module based authentic learning is valid to be used to improve scientific literacy and self-efficacy for science teaching in junior high school.
Developing video-based learning for the application of ohm’s law towards conductive transparent layer
Authors: Izzah A , Saehana S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to produce video-based learning as a media for enhancing students’ knowledge of the application of Ohm’s Law on a technological context using a conductive transparent layer. This research used the ADDIE model that consisted of five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. In testing the quality of video, questionnaires were used as the research instrument. Based on the results of data analysis, the media expert gave a score of 3.91, whereas the material expert’s assessment resulted in a score of 3.80 and was included in the “very good” category. The assessment of the physics subject teacher resulted in a score of 3.05 which was categorized in the “good” category. However, there were different scores in the product trials tested towards students of MAN 1 Palu. The initial trial of the product to 9 students received a score of 3.25, which was categorized as “good”. After making improvements to the video, the implementation was limited to 10 students only, and the results of the questionnaires indicated an increase in the score to 3.57 which was categorized as “very good”. Based on the findings, it shows that the video-based learning is suitable for use in physics learning.
An analysis of the understanding of physical education students on the environmental physical concept in landslide matter
Authors: Hatibe A , Salam A , Gustina  , Syamsuriwal  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Physics is a branch of science that discusses natural phenomena with all their physical dynamics such as mass, energy, momentum and physics concepts that exist in our environment which are related to landslides. The problem is how much understanding of students in dealing with landslide natural disasters. This study aims to describe the understanding of physical education students on environmental physics concepts in landslide material. This research was conducted in the Physics Education Study Program. The research subjects were 30 students of the physical education study program class C class 2017. The data collection instrument used was a multiple-choice reasoned amounting to 15 items accompanied by CRI to determine the level of confidence of the research subject in answering the questions. The test result data is then analyzed to determine the percentage understanding of the concept for each given question. The results of the analysis of respondents’ answers regarding the conceptual understanding test on the concept of environmental physics in the landslide phenomenon showed that the level of understanding of the concept of students was classified as sure that they understood the concept, namely moderate with an average percentage of 41.98%, an average misconception of 29.79%, and not understanding the concept of an average of 29.03%.
Analysis of student’s mental model through representation chemistry textbooks based on augmented reality
Authors: Latipah J , Jamilah S N , Sari S T , Almubarak  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The mental reconstruction model of students is essential to see the progress and difficulties of students in understanding chemical material, especially at the level of macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic representations. This study aims 1) to see how the influence of Augmented Reality (AR) based learning media with the concept of representation, 2) to see the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the development of augmented reality-based representational chemistry textbooks, and 3) to analyze the mental models of students. The research method used is a literature study (literature study) with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The data collection technique used is the non-participant observation technique by reviewing and examining various research results related to AR-based learning media and the concept of chemical representation. The results of the study with the context of literature studies showed that AR-based learning media (teaching materials) with the concept of representation could increase the reasoning power and understanding of students in learning chemistry. The impact students can interpret more deeply so that their mental models can be reconstructed into scientific concepts. The conclusion that can be taken was that learning chemistry with the idea of representation through teaching materials based on Augmented Reality (AR) could be used as the primary reference in learning chemistry. Besides, the concept also changes the mindset and mental attitude of students as the generation of the Indonesian Nation, where improvements in mood and mentality from an early age have the potential to foster the readiness and resistance of students. That is, the application of this idea shows that natural science (chemistry) has a very vital role in the progress of the Nation, especially towards high-quality education according to the SDGs indicators.