bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Failure Mechanisms of Stretchable Perovskite Light‐Emitting Devices under Monotonic and Cyclic Deformations
Authors: Adeniji Sharafadeen , Oyewole Oluwaseun , Koech Richard , Oyewole Deborah , Cromwell Jaya , Ahmed Ridwan , Oyelade Omolara , Sanni Dahiru , Orisekeh Kingsley , Bello Abdulhakeem , Soboyejo Winston 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper presents the results of experimental and analytical studies of the failure mechanisms of stretchable perovskite light‐emitting devices (PeLEDs). The multilayered PeLED structures consist of an anodic layer of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene‐sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), an emissive layer of methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3), and a eutectic gallium–indium (EGaIn) cathodic layer, which are deposited onto treated polydimethylsiloxane substrates. The intrinsically nonstretchable MAPbBr3 and PEDOT:PSS are modified with poly(ethylene oxide). The failure mechanisms of the layered stretchable PeLED structures are then investigated under monotonic and cyclic deformations. The optical and scanning electron microscopy images show the deflection and propagation of cracks and wrinkles under applied strains. Cracking of perovskite crystal and debonding of films are also observed with increased cyclic deformation. The effects of the failure mechanisms on the optoelectronic properties of the devices are then studied. The in situ measured transmittance of the PEDOT:PSS (≈75%) reduces with increasing uniaxial strain, and then is increased close to its initial value when the strain is released. The turn‐on voltage of the device increases with increasing number of cycles between 50 and 1000 cycles at 20% strain level. The fatigue lifetimes of the PeLED structures are used to explain the design of stretchable perovskite devices.
Small‐Diameter PLCL/PCL Nanofiber Grafted TSF Vascular Scaffolds with a Double‐Layer Structure for Vascular Tissue Engineering
Authors: Shao Weili , Cui Chen , Xiong Junpeng , Wang Ling , Zhao Xu , Hou Yijun , Chang Shuzhen , Sun Ning , Zhang Yuting , Gao Yanfei , Ni Qingqing , Liu Fan , He Jianxin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSuccessful construction of small‐diameter double‐layer vascular scaffolds (SDVSs) whose inner diameters are less than 1.5 mm, especially those with multilayer mimic structures, remains a challenge in vascular tissue engineering. In this study, poly(L‐lactide‐co‐caprolactone) (PLCL)/poly(Ɛ‐caprolactone) (PCL)/tussah silk fibroin (TSF) SDVSs with a double‐layer structure are prepared by one‐step method based on friction twisting core‐spun electrospinning technology. The constructed PLCL/PCL SDVSs grafted TSF have an obvious double‐layer structure; tube wall thickness 524 ± 28 µm; and inner tube diameter 1390 ± 40 µm. Compared with traditional nanofiber vascular scaffolds (TS), the axial and radial tensile strengths of PLCL/PCL SDVSs grafted TSF increase by 86% and 34%, respectively. They also show good scaffold elastic recovery and burst pressure (BP) (8505 ± 875 mmHg). Compared with the PLCL/PCL SDVSs, the inner and outer layers of PLCL/PCL SDVSs grafted TSF show good hydrophilicity and protein adsorption performance. The in vitro cell viability results indicate that the inner and outer layers of PLCL/PCL SDVSs grafted TSF show enhanced proliferation and adhesion of vein endothelial cells (VECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs), respectively. Therefore, the successful preparation of PLCL/PCL SDVSs grafted TSF provides more possibilities for the clinical transplantation of small‐diameter vascular scaffolds.
Toward the Direct Synthesis of HDPE Powders for Powder Bed Fusion Based Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Wencke Yannick L. , Proes Friedrich , Imgrund Philipp , Luinstra Gerrit A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPowder bed fusion (PBF) suitable polyethylene particles are targeted by means of a direct synthesis, using a bisimino pyridine iron catalyst (BIP FeCl2) supported on microsized silica particles. An active support is generated by treating spray dried silica microparticles with a methyl aluminoxane activated BIP FeCl2 catalyst in toluene. Semibatch ethylene polymerization is mapped with respect to pressure, temperature, and reaction time to find optimal reaction parameters. The optimized synthesis leads to round polyethylene particles with a median size of ≈50 µm which have a sinter window of 8–15 °C and an unconfined yield stress (ffc) of 1.5 in a ring shear tester. The Young modulus of injection molded samples is in the range of 150–250 Pa with an elongation at break of about 30%. The powder flowability is improved by coating with nanosilica powder to an ffc of 3.8. Additivitation with carbon black allows to laser sinter the powder to solid parts in a small scale adapted setup for selective laser sintering (PBF/laser beam (LB)/P). Severe caking is preventing the preparation of CAD model conform parts. Commercial HDPE powder for PBF is additivated the same way to give substantially solid built parts, but with similar caking.
Humidity Sensor Based on PEO/PEDOT:PSS Blends for Breath Monitoring
Authors: Assunção da Silva Edilene , Duc Caroline , Redon Natalie , Wojkiewicz Jean‐Luc 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe discrimination of humidity in exhaled breath is of utmost importance to turn breath analysis into an efficient noninvasive tool for early diagnosis or treatment monitoring of several diseases. Herein, by assembling different ratios of the conductive poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate with the polymer matrix polyethylene oxide (PEO), humidity chemiresistor‐based sensors are designed and investigated. The testing results display a broad relative humidity detection range (6–92%), repeatability, reproducibility, and good reversibility. Meanwhile, the sensors possess good reliability for distinct temperatures and in the presence of typical volatile organic compounds found in human exhaled air. The hygroscopic idiosyncrasy of PEO is attributed to be the main responsible for the high sensibility toward humidity. In a proof‐of‐principle for detection of respiration humidity, the outcome shows the ability of the chemiresistors to detect the humidity variation in a real case of breath exposure up to 2 s intervals. The 30 d trial of stability readings shows a standard deviation of only 2.6%. These sensing devices appear as a new array component able to distinguish moisture from biomarkers of diagnosed diseases in breath analysis.
Allelic and genotypic frequencies of NAT2, CYP2E1, and AADAC genes in a cohort of Peruvian tuberculosis patients
Authors: Levano Kelly S. , Jaramillo‐Valverde Luis , Tarazona David D. , Sanchez Cesar , Capristano Silvia , Vásquez‐Loarte Tania , Solari Lely , Mendoza‐Ticona Alberto , Soto Alonso , Rojas Christian , Zegarra‐Chapoñan Roberto , Guio Heinner 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe determined the frequency of genetic polymorphisms in three anti‐TB drug metabolic proteins previously reported: N‐acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), and arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC) within a Peruvian population in a cohort of TB patients.MethodsWe genotyped SNPs rs1041983, rs1801280, rs1799929, rs1799930, rs1208, and rs1799931 for NAT2; rs3813867 and rs2031920 for CYP2E1; and rs1803155 for AADAC in 395 participants completed their antituberculosis treatment.ResultsSeventy‐four percent of the participants are carriers of slow metabolizer genotypes: NAT2*5, NAT2*6, and NAT2*7, which increase the sensitivity of INH at low doses and increase the risk of drug‐induced liver injuries. Sixty‐four percent are homozygous for the wild‐type CYP2E1*1A allele, which could increase the risk of hepatotoxicity. However, 16% had a NAT2 fast metabolizer phenotype which could increase the risk of acquiring resistance to INH, thereby increasing the risk of multidrug‐resistant (MDR) or treatment failure. The frequency of rs1803155 (AADAC*2 allele) was higher (99.9%) in Peruvians than in European American, African American, Japanese, and Korean populations.ConclusionsThis high prevalence of slow metabolizers for isoniazid in the Peruvian population should be further studied and considered to help individualize drug regimens, especially in countries with a great genetic diversity like Peru. These data will help the Peruvian National Tuberculosis Control Program develop new strategies for therapies.
Clinicoradiographic and genetic features of cerebral small vessel disease indicate variability in mode of inheritance for monoallelic HTRA1 variants
Authors: Muthusamy Karthik , Ferrer Alejandro , Klee Eric W. , Wierenga Klaas J. , Gavrilova Ralitza H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundBiallelic pathogenic variants in HTRA1 cause CARASIL. More recently, monoallelic variants have been associated with the autosomal dominant disorder CADASIL2 but not all carriers develop disease manifestations. We describe the clinicoradiologic and mutation spectrum of four new CADASIL2 individuals.MethodsMedical records at Mayo Clinic between 2013 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients with cerebral small vessel disease related to monoallelic HTRA1 variants.ResultsFour patients met the study inclusion criteria for cerebral small vessel disease related to HTRA1 monoallelic variants. The mean age at onset of first clinical stroke was 51.25 years (range 41–64 years). The mean disease duration was 6.5 years (range 4–12). All individuals had recurrent strokes within the duration of follow‐up with a mean number of strokes per patient being 5.5 (range 2–12). Three individuals had leukoencephalopathy with brain stem involvement. Microhemorrhages were seen on brain MRI in three patients. HTRA1 monoallelic variants identified in our cohort were missense variants in three patients and a novel frameshift variation in one patient. Interestingly, two of these missense variants were previously reported in an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance and here are associated with a dominant effect.ConclusionsClinicoradiologic characteristics of heterozygous HTRA1‐related CSVD may overlap with sporadic CSVD. Heterozygous HTRA1 variants can contribute to dominant or recessive disease mechanisms.
Curcumin Reduces Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Alters Gut Microbiota in Diet‐Induced Obese Male Mice
Authors: Islam Tariful , Koboziev Iurii , Albracht‐Schulte Kembra , Mistretta Brandon , Scoggin Shane , Yosofvand Mohammad , Moussa Hanna , Zabet‐Moghaddam Masoud , Ramalingam Latha , Gunaratne Preethi H. , Moustaid‐Moussa Naima 
Published: September 2021

ScopeObesity prevalence continues to increase and contribute to metabolic diseases, potentially by driving systemic inflammation. Curcumin is an anti‐inflammatory spice with claimed health benefits. However, mechanisms by which curcumin may reduce obesity‐associated inflammation are poorly understood; thus, it is hypothesized that benefits of curcumin consumption may occur through reduced white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation and/or beneficial changes in gut bacteria.Methods and ResultsMale B6 mice are fed high‐fat diets (HFD, 45% kcal fat) or HFD supplemented with 0.4% (w/w) curcumin (HFC) for 14 weeks. Curcumin supplementation significantly reduces adiposity and total macrophage infiltration in WAT, compared to HFD group, consistent with reduced mRNA levels of M1 (Cd80, Cd38, Cd11c) and M2 (Arginase‐1) macrophage markers. Moreover, curcumin supplementation reduces expression of other key pro‐inflammatory genes, such as NF‐κB p65 subunit (p65), Stat1, Tlr4, and Il6, in WAT (p < 0.05). Using microbial 16S RNA sequencing, it is demonstrated that the relative abundance of the Lactococcus, Parasutterella, and Turicibacter genera are increased in the HFC group versus HFD.ConclusionsCurcumin exerts protective metabolic effects in dietary obesity, in part through downregulation of adipose tissue inflammation, which may be mediated by alterations in composition of gut microbiota, and metabolism of curcumin into curcumin‐O‐glucuronide.
Vitamin A Deficiency during the Perinatal Period and First Weeks of Life Modifies Vitamin A and Lipid Postprandial Metabolism in Both Female and Male Young Rats
Authors: Antoine Tiffany , Borel Patrick , Govers Roland , Meiller Laure , Guichard Philippe , Halimi Charlotte , Gonzalez Teresa , Nowicki Marion , Sauvinet Valérie , Grino Michel , Reboul Emmanuelle 
Published: September 2021

ScopeThe effect of vitamin A deficiency on vitamin A and lipid postprandial metabolism in young rats is addressed, considering the effect of sex.Methods and ResultsSprague‐Dawley rats are fed either 400 UI.kg−1 vitamin A diet (vitamin A‐deficient (VAD) diet) or 2300 UI.kg−1 vitamin A (control diet), before being mated. Mothers receive the same VAD or control diet during gestation and lactation. Offspring receive the same diet than mothers until 8 weeks of age. VAD diet‐fed female and male offspring display a severe vitamin A deficiency with no body weight or glucose tolerance defects. Fasting plasma triglyceride concentrations are decreased in VAD diet‐fed animals compared to controls (p < 0.05). Retinyl ester postprandial responses after vitamin A gavage, expressed as area under the curves, are not different in VAD diet‐fed and control animals, although retinyl ester postprandial peak is significantly delayed (p < 0.05) in VAD diet‐fed rats. Lipids also accumulate in the distal part of the intestine after gavage and [1‐13C]‐oleate postprandial response is decreased in VAD diet‐fed males.ConclusionVitamin A deficiency modulates both vitamin A absorption rate and lipid postprandial metabolism, which can partly explain the altered fasting lipid status observed in VAD diet‐fed offspring.
The Complex ABCG5/ABCG8 Regulates Vitamin D Absorption Rate and Contributes to its Efflux from the Intestine
Authors: Antoine Tiffany , Le May Cédric , Margier Marielle , Halimi Charlotte , Nowicki Marion , Defoort Catherine , Svilar Ljubica , Reboul Emmanuelle 
Published: September 2021

ScopeMost people are vitamin D insufficient around the world. Vitamin D intestinal absorption should thus be optimized. The role of the ATP‐binging cassette G5/G8 (ABCG5/G8) heterodimer in vitamin D intestinal efflux is investigated.Methods and ResultsBoth cholecalciferol and 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol apical effluxes are increased by ABCG5/G8 overexpression in human Griptite cells. Mice deficient in ABCG5/G8 at the intestinal level (I‐Abcg5/g8−/− mice) display an accumulation of cholecalciferol in plasma in females and in liver in males compared to control animals. I‐Abcg5/g8−/− mice display a delay in cholecalciferol postprandial response after gavage compared with controls. 25‐Hydroxycholecalciferol transfer from plasma to lumen is observed in vivo in intestine‐perfused mice, and the lack of intestinal ABCG5/G8 complex induces a decrease in this efflux, while vitamin D bile excretion remains unchanged.ConclusionOverall, it is showed for the first time that the ABCG5/G8 heterodimer regulates the kinetics of absorption of dietary vitamin D by contributing to its efflux back to the lumen, and that it also participates in vitamin D transintestinal efflux.
Compact‐size quad‐band patch antenna for 5G mobile communications
Authors: AboEl‐Hassan May , Farahat Asmaa E. , Hussein Khalid F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCompact‐size quad‐band () microstrip patch antenna is proposed for the fifth generation (5G) mobile handsets. The present paper introduces a new method to reduce the size of a 28‐GHz rhombic patch antenna so as to properly operate at the higher frequency bands () without negative effects on the antenna characteristics at 28 GHz. A novel design is introduced for the quad‐band patch antenna to include complicated radiation mechanisms required for multiple‐band operation. The proposed antenna is constructed as primary and secondary patches which are capacitively coupled and designed to realize impedance matching and to produce appropriate radiation patterns in the four frequency bands. Numerical and experimental investigations are achieved to assess the performance of the proposed antenna including the return loss, radiation patterns, and efficiency. It is shown that the simulation results agree with the experimental measurements and both show good performance. The bandwidths achieved around , , , and are about , , , and , respectively.
Detailed 1H and 13C NMR structural assignment of ent‐polyalthic acid, a biologically active labdane diterpene
Authors: Kovatch Pedro Y. , Ferreira Alexsandro E. , Ghizonni Guilherme M. L. , Ambrósio Sérgio R. , Crotti Antônio E. M. , Heleno Vladimir C. G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a complete 1H and 13C NMR data assignment of ent‐polyalthic acid, a biologically active labdane‐type diterpene, is presented. The assignments were carried on the basis of spectroscopic data from 1H NMR, 13C{1H} NMR, gCOSY, gHMQC, and gHMBC experiments. Furthermore, a software‐assisted methodology, using FOMSC3_rm_NB and NMR_MultSim programs, supported the detailed and unequivocal assignment of 1H and 13C signals, allowing all hydrogen coupling constants to be determined and thus clarifying all hydrogen signal multiplicities.
Generating spiral gradient waveforms with a compact frequency spectrum
Authors: Pipe James G. , Borup Daniel D. 
Published: September 2021

PurposeTo generate efficient gradient waveforms for spiral MRI which mitigate the high‐frequency attenuation inherent in gradient systems.Theory and MethodsSpiral MRI has many clinical advantages, including high temporal and SNR efficiency. One of the challenges for robust spiral MRI is a high sensitivity to imperfections in the gradient system, which requires some form of correction in order to map data correctly in k‐space. A previous numerical algorithm for generating spiral gradient waveforms was modified to reduce its high‐frequency content with minimal increase in waveform duration.ResultsExamples are shown of compact frequency gradient waveforms. Software implementing the algorithm is made available.ConclusionAn algorithm to produce gradient waveforms with a compact frequency spectrum is described. This algorithm results in greatly reduced overall error and better compatibility with gradient systems than the original algorithm from which it was derived.
Evaluation of the functional goal‐setting and self‐management tool for osteoarthritis, a patient‐centred tool to improve osteoarthritis care
Authors: Sathe Nila A. , Polacek Cate , Christopher Roni , Simonson Julie K. , Udall Margarita , Anderson Misty 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveRecent American College of Rheumatology guidelines emphasise functional improvement as part of osteoarthritis (OA) management. We developed and evaluated a tool to promote provider and patient engagement in functional goal setting in OA care.MethodsWe developed the Functional Goal‐setting And Self‐management Tool (FAST‐OA) with clinician input and pilot tested it in two US outpatient clinics. Baseline and end‐of‐project surveys addressed attitudes toward incorporating function into care and tool evaluation. We analysed survey data descriptively.ResultsNineteen providers and 49 patients completed surveys. At baseline, both groups endorsed the importance of functional assessment and goal setting. Providers perceived challenges to patients' ability to communicate about function. Both patients and providers highly valued the FAST‐OA to promote collaborative discussion and prioritising function. More than half of both groups agreed that they would recommend it to others. End‐of‐project results suggested changes in provider attitudes toward patients' ability to communicate functional progress. While participants valued the FAST‐OA, streamlining content may foster ongoing use.ConclusionThis pilot study illustrates the potential of a function‐focused, patient‐facing tool to introduce self‐management goal‐setting strategies into busy clinical workflow, foster the provider‐patient relationship, and encourage alignment with guidelines. These results can inform tailoring of tools for use in practice and to address needs of patients and providers optimally.
A comprehensive implicit substepping integration scheme for multisurface plasticity
Authors: Abreu Rafael , Mejia Cristian , Roehl Deane 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA complex elastoplastic model requires a robust integration procedure of the evolution equations. The performance of the finite element solution is directly affected by the convergence characteristics of the state‐update procedure. Thereby, this study proposes a comprehensive numerical integration scheme to deal with generic multisurface plasticity models. This algorithm is based on the backward Euler method aiming at accuracy and stability, and on the Newton–Raphson method to solve the unconstrained optimization problem. In this scenario, a line search strategy is adopted to improve the convergence characteristics of the algorithm. The golden section method, an exact line search, is considered. Also, a substepping scheme is implemented to provide additional robustness to the state‐update procedure. Therefore, this work contributes to computational plasticity presenting an adaptive substep size scheme and a consistent tangent modulus according to the substepping technique. Finally, some numerical problems are evaluated using the proposed algorithm. Single‐surface and novel multisurface plasticity models are employed in these analyses. The results testify how the line search and substepping strategies can improve the robustness of the nonlinear analysis.
A non‐Gaussian Bayesian filter for sequential data assimilation with non‐intrusive polynomial chaos expansion
Authors: Avasarala Srikanth , Subramani Deepak 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNon‐Gaussian data assimilation is vital for several applications with nonlinear dynamical systems, including geosciences, socio‐economics, infectious disease modeling, and autonomous navigation. Widespread adoption of non‐Gaussian data assimilation requires easy‐to‐implement schemes. We develop, implement, and apply an efficient nonlinear non‐Gaussian data assimilation scheme using non‐intrusive stochastic collocation‐based polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) and Gaussian mixture model (GMM) priors fit to the state's uncertainty. First, we represent the uncertainty in a dynamical system using PCE and propagate it using the stochastic collocation method until an assimilation time. Then, we convert the polynomial basis prior to its equivalent Karhunen–Loeve (KL) form, fit a GMM in the subspace and perform a Bayesian filtering step. Thereafter, the posterior polynomial basis is recovered from the posterior GMM in the KL form, and uncertainty propagation is continued using the stochastic collocation method. The derivation and new equations required for the above conversions are presented. We apply the new scheme to an illustrative population growth dynamics application and a complex fluid flow problem for demonstrating its capabilities. In both cases, our filter accurately captures the non‐Gaussian statistics compared to the polynomial chaos‐ensemble Kalman filter and the polynomial chaos‐error subspace statistical estimation filter.