bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elective neck dissection versus observation in patients with head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Amit Moran , Liu Chuan , Mansour Jobran , Gleber‐Netto Frederico O. , Tam Samantha , Baruch Erez N. , Aashiq Mohamed , El‐Naggar Adel K. , Moreno Amy C. , Rosenthal David I. , Glisson Bonnie S. , Ferrarotto Renata , Wong Michael K. , Tsai Kenneth , Flores Elsa R. , Migden Michael R. , Silverman Deborah A. , Li Goujun , Khanna Anshu , Goepfert Ryan P. , Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Weber Randal S. , Myers Jeffrey N. , Gross Neil D. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundThe survival benefit of elective neck dissection (END) for patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) of the head and neck and no evidence of regional metastasis (cN0) has never been reported. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of END on patient survival.MethodsThe authors included patients with head and neck cSCC who had undergone primary surgery from 1995 to 2017. The primary end point was survival, and the secondary end points were the incidence of occult regional disease and regional disease control. To assess the impact of END on survival, the authors used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models with propensity score and matching techniques for internal validation.ResultsA total of 1111 patients presented with no evidence of nodal disease; 173 had END, and 938 were observed. Adjuvant radiotherapy to the neck was administered to 101 patients (9%). END resulted in a 5‐year overall survival rate of 52%, whereas the rate was 63% in the observation group (P = .003 [log‐rank]). The 5‐year disease‐free survival rate for patients undergoing END was similar to that for the observation group (73% vs 75%;P = .429). A multivariate regression model showed that the performance of END was not associated with improved rates of overall, disease‐specific, or disease‐free survival; similarly, among patients with advanced disease (T3‐4), those who underwent END did not have improved survival rates.ConclusionsAmong patients with cSCC of the head and neck, observation of the neck nodes resulted in noninferior survival rates in comparison with END at the time of primary surgery. Further studies are required to elucidate the role of END in patients with advanced disease.
Deep belief network and support vector machine fusion for distributed denial of service and economical denial of service attack detection in cloud
Authors: Britto Dennis J. , Shanmuga Priya M. 
Published: August 2021

SummaryCloud computing is a progressive technology that offers computing resources as Internet‐based services, revolutionized information, and communication technologies. From an economic standpoint, this transformation is beneficial because it allows them to streamline technology infrastructure and capital costs. However, economical denial of service (EDoS) potential is a crucial impediment to cloud computing success. Several improved ways to detect EDoS and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks in the cloud have been presented; nevertheless, these approaches still result in a considerable reduction in detection accuracy when employed in a cloud setting. Because selecting relevant features and precise classifiers for attack detection is a challenge. We recommend using an EDoS and DDoS attack identification framework in the cloud based on optimized deep learning techniques for higher detection accuracy. The experimental results reveal True Positive Rate (TPR) varies from 98.9% to 99.8% when using deep belief network with support vector machine as a learning mechanism, while True Negative Rate (TNR) from 99.6% to 99.9%. TPR and TNR were found to have average values of 99.32% and 99.67%, respectively. At 1600 requests/s, the maximum accuracy achieved and the overall accuracy of the proposed strategy was 99.78%.
Cerebrospinal fluid metabolomics: detection of neuroinflammation in human central nervous system disease
Authors: Yan Jingya , Kuzhiumparambil Unnikrishnan , Bandodkar Sushil , Dale Russell C , Fu Shanlin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe high morbidity and mortality of neuroinflammatory diseases drives significant interest in understanding the underlying mechanisms involved in the innate and adaptive immune response of the central nervous system (CNS). Diagnostic biomarkers are important to define treatable neuroinflammation. Metabolomics is a rapidly evolving research area offering novel insights into metabolic pathways, and elucidation of reliable metabolites as biomarkers for diseases. This review focuses on the emerging literature regarding the detection of neuroinflammation using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolomics in human cohort studies. Studies of classic neuroinflammatory disorders such as encephalitis, CNS infection and multiple sclerosis confirm the utility of CSF metabolomics. Additionally, studies in neurodegeneration and neuropsychiatry support the emerging potential of CSF metabolomics to detect neuroinflammation in common CNS diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and depression. We demonstrate metabolites in the tryptophan–kynurenine pathway, nitric oxide pathway, neopterin and major lipid species show moderately consistent ability to differentiate patients with neuroinflammation from controls. Integration of CSF metabolomics into clinical practice is warranted to improve recognition and treatment of neuroinflammation.
Planar and printed antennas for Internet of Things‐enabled environment: Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Roges Rashmi , Malik Praveen Kumar 
Published: August 2021

SummaryThe Internet of Things (IoT) is the future technology, whose glimpses are already visible in various fields today. IoT promises a connection of about 50 billion devices in the near future to enhance data sharing and analysis between many otherwise independent modules. Smart sensors, smart antennas, and intelligent processors form the backbone of IoT technology. IoT is about remote detection and control of devices which is dependent on the efficient communication system provided. This paper studies the IoT technology, along with its supportive systems, giving an emphasis to the communication module, enabled using microstrip patch antennas. The study takes a walk through the different improvement techniques implemented in patch antennas as DGS, MIMO, and arrays and further pins down the research gaps and objectives that can be taken up in this field with respect to the effective implementation of IoT services. Recent advances in the antenna systems employed in IoT environment are discussed, and the antennas employed in IoT devices and applications are reviewed in detail. Recently evolving technologies like LoRa and NB‐IoT and the ESP8266 module which is widely used in IoT applications are addressed. A good insight is given into the challenges faced in this field along with some recent case studies.
Cavitation‐resistant junipers cease transpiration earlier than cavitation‐vulnerable oaks under summer dry conditions
Authors: Northup Alison P. , Keitt Timothy H. , Farrior Caroline E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAshe juniper (Juniperus ashei Buchholz) and escarpment live oak (Quercus fusiformis Small) are two of the most common woody species of the Edwards Plateau, an arid‐to‐semi‐arid region of nearly 100,000 km2 in central Texas. They have very different hydraulic strategies, yet they experienced similar mortality rates during an extreme drought in 2011. We measured J. ashei and Q. fusiformis sap flow velocities during summer dry periods of 2016 and 2017 at six micro‐sites. Although these were years with more‐or‐less average summer conditions, both included significant dry periods. To estimate the relative rate of decrease in sap velocity for each species during the dry periods, we fit a Bayesian exponential decay model to the sap velocity time series for each tree. We found that Q. fusiformis trees were better able to maintain transpiration than J. ashei during dry periods at five micro‐sites and were comparable at the sixth micro‐site. We conclude that it is likely that Q. fusiformis can better maintain transpiration during dry periods than J. ashei, on average, and that in the case of these two species, greater cavitation resistance may not translate to greater drought resistance.
Performance‐based optimum tuning of tuned mass dampers on steel moment frames for seismic applications using the endurance time method
Authors: Tavakolinia Majid , Ch. Basim Mohammad 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA performance‐based framework is presented to investigate the optimum tuning of tuned mass dampers (TMDs) for seismic applications in several steel moment‐resisting frames by single and multi‐objective genetic algorithm. The single objective problems have been developed for a set of given mass ratios so as to meet the best performance, while the multi‐objective problems try to attain a set of Pareto optimal designs so as to find the relation between TMD efficiency and TMD mass. In the proposed approach, nonlinear time history analysis via endurance time (ET) method is utilized to estimate the structural responses at two seismic hazard levels in order to assess the performance of structures, while a new criterion for scaling period of TMD‐equipped structures is proposed to be used in scaling process of seismic excitations. A criterion of interstory drift ratios at BSE‐1N seismic hazard level, as the performance index of the studied frames, is considered to be minimized and finally, detuning effects of the optimum TMD designs are checked at BSE‐2N seismic hazard level. In order to illustrate the superiority of the proposed approach, the robustness of optimal TMD parameters is evaluated under near‐ and far‐field ground motion record sets recommended in FEMA‐P695. Also, the optimum results are compared to those from several analytical methods. The proposed framework, taking the advantage of the ET method, is found to be an efficient and feasible approach for practical and cost‐effective optimum seismic design of TMDs on nonlinear structures with a reasonable accuracy and significantly reduced computational effort.
Towards a practical loss‐based design approach and procedure
Authors: Calvi Gian Michele , O'Reilly Gerard J. , Andreotti Guido 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPerformance‐based design was first envisaged in the early 1990s and has become a mantra in conceptual seismic design. However, practical approaches to be possibly introduced in building codes are not readily available, to say the least, though some can be found in the literature. What is essentially missing is some correlation between structural response parameters and expected monetary losses, at a level of simplicity comparable with the force‐ or displacement‐based approaches applied to design in everyday practice. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to provide the basics of a formulation that may evolve into such a practical loss–based approach.
Investigating the predictive ability of ONS big data‐based indicators
Authors: Kapetanios George , Papailias Fotis 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the predictive ability of a brand new dataset that is based on big unstructured data published by the UK Office for National Statistics as “Faster Indicators of UK Economic Activity.” We consider some indicative ways for use in macroeconomic nowcasting. Even though the ONS confirms that the newly introduced big data‐based indicators are not constructed with forecasting purposes in mind, and applied researchers should be cautious when using them in this way, a simple out‐of‐sample nowcasting exercise reveals partial evidence that this dataset has some predictive power over GDP growth. Our results, which show a positive and encouraging first step towards the use of this type of data, suggest that national statistics agencies should allocate more resources in constructing big data‐based databases.
Numerical analysis of MHD nanofluid flow over a wedge, including effects of viscous dissipation and heat generation/absorption, using Buongiorno model
Authors: Mishra Ashish , Kumar Manoj 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe key purpose of this article is to examine magnetohydrodynamics flow, generative/absorptive heat, and mass transfer of nanofluid flow past a wedge in the presence of viscous dissipation through a porous medium. The investigation is completely theoretical, and the present model expresses the influence of Brownian motion and thermophoresis using the nanofluid Buongiorno model. The fundamental model of partial differential equations is reframed into the structure of ordinary differential equations implementing the nondimensional similarity transformation, which are tackled through the fourth–fifth‐order Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg algorithm together with the shooting scheme. The analysis of sundry nondimensional controlling parameters, such as magnetic parameter, Eckert number, heat generation/absorption parameter, porosity parameter, Brownian motion parameter, and thermophoresis parameter on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are discussed graphically. The effects of the physical factors on the rate of momentum and heat and mass transfer are also determined with appropriate analysis in terms of skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number. The outcomes illustrate that the local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number are reduced for higher values of the thermophoresis parameter. Besides, it is found that higher estimations of heat generation/absorption and viscous dissipation parameters increase temperature. Moreover, it is found that the temperature profile increases with the involvement of the Brownian motion parameter, while an opposite trend is observed in the concentration profile. A comparison is also provided for limiting cases to authenticate our obtained results.
Characterizing and classifying urban watersheds with compositional and structural attributes
Authors: Delesantro Joseph M. , Duncan Jonathan M. , Riveros‐Iregui Diego , Blaszczak Joanna R. , Bernhardt Emily S. , Urban Dean L. , Band Lawrence E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCurrent land‐use classifications used to assess urbanization effects on stream water quality date back to the 1980s when limited information was available to characterize watershed attributes that mediate non‐point source pollution. With high resolution remote sensing and widely used GIS tools, there has been a vast increase in the availability and precision of geospatial data of built environments. In this study, we leverage geospatial data to expand the characterization of developed landscapes and create a typology that allows us to better understand the impact of complex developed landscapes across the rural to urban gradient. We assess the ability of the developed landscape typology to reveal patterns in stream water chemistry previously undetected by traditional land‐cover based classification. We examine the distribution of land‐cover, infrastructure, topography and geology across 3876 National Hydrography Dataset Plus catchments in the Piedmont region of North Carolina, USA. From this dataset, we generate metrics to evaluate the abundance, density and position of landscape features relative to streams, catchment outlets and topographic wetness metrics. While impervious surfaces are a key distinguishing feature of the urban landscape, sanitary infrastructure, population density and geology are better predictors of baseflow stream water chemistry. Unsupervised clustering was used to generate a distinct developed landscape typology based on the expanded, high‐resolution landscape feature information. Using stream chemistry data from 37 developed headwater catchments, we compared the baseflow water chemistry grouped by traditional land‐cover based classes of urbanization (rural, low, medium and high density) to our composition and structure‐based classification (a nine‐class typology). The typology based on 22 metrics of developed landscape composition and structure explained over 50% of the variation in NO3−‐N, TDN, DOC, Cl−, and Br− concentration, while the ISC‐based classification only significantly explained 23% of the variation in TDN. These results demonstrate the importance of infrastructure, population and geology in defining developed landscapes and improving discrete classes for water management.
Evaluating the primary care clinical pharmacist visit transition to telehealth during the COVID‐19 pandemic by comparing medication related problems from telehealth visits and in‐person visits
Authors: McNamara Anusha , Zhao Milly , Lee Shin‐Yu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic forced healthcare systems to rethink healthcare delivery, and forced primary care pharmacists in our healthcare system to switch all visits that were previously face to face (FTF) to telehealth.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational cohort study to examine the association between medication related problems (MRPs) resolved in telehealth vs FTF primary care clinical pharmacist visits. The telehealth visits took place in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic, which forced health care systems to rethink care delivery. Data was collected for patient visits for 2 weeks in January before the pandemic and 2 weeks in June during the pandemic.ResultsThere was significantly more average MRPs resolved per patient encounter in FTF visits compared with telehealth visits, particularly in patient encounters that were previously seen by the pharmacist, who were under 65 years old, identified as Black/African American, had chronic kidney disease but not on dialysis, diabetes with end organ damage, and had uncontrolled blood pressure and uncontrolled A1c.ConclusionThese results provide a start to establish criteria for which patients should be seen by a clinical pharmacist in person vs over the phone.
Adoption of telepharmacy within a community health center: A focus on clinical pharmacy services
Authors: McCarthy Caitlin , Bateman M. Thomas , Henderson Tyler , Jean Ronald , Evans Rachael 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionDue to the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, telehealth has shifted from an underutilized service to a medical necessity almost overnight. While guidelines are available regarding implementation of telepharmacy services, there is limited practice‐level evidence demonstrating successful adoption of telepharmacy for the delivery of clinical pharmacy services.ObjectivesThe purpose of this article is to provide a description of how telehealth has been utilized to deliver pharmacy services within a Community Health Center (CHC), to discuss the impact of telehealth services, and to provide a framework by which other entities may create successful telehealth programs within the ambulatory care setting.MethodsOverall CHC productivity, clinical pharmacist productivity, and patient demographics were compared between the 7 months preceding and the 7 months after implementation of telehealth services. Patient satisfaction with telehealth was measured via anonymous surveys administered via Feedtrail XM and provider satisfaction was measured via a survey created by the New Jersey Primary Care Association.ResultsTelepharmacy has caused a shift in the demographics of patients receiving pharmacy services, increasing the proportion of patients with private insurance, who were 65 years or older, and who were non‐English speakers. While overall productivity at the CHC remained stable, the number of clinical pharmacy encounters increased. Patients were satisfied with telepharmacy visits indicating that they were of the same or greater quality than in‐person visits and expressed a preference to continue telepharmacy visits in the future.CONCLUSIONSOur results suggest that telepharmacy is an effective way to deliver care particularly around chronic conditions. To be sustainable, telehealth requires ongoing support from local, State, and Federal agencies in terms of maintaining regulations around expanded scopes of practice and in terms of reimbursement.
Insights into lead removal in water using a novel carbonized material derived from the by‐product of oil refining: action mechanism and performance optimization
Authors: Wan Dongjin , Cheng Xiaofan , Shi Yahui , Chen Zhaohui , Liu Yongde , Han Xinze , Liu Yongzhi , Zhang Zhixiang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPollution control by the treatment of waste is a hot issue currently being studied that continues to attract more and more attention. In this work, by using the solid by‐products of oil refining (i.e., spent bleaching earth, SBE) as the raw materials, an environmentally‐friendly adsorbent (i.e., spent bleaching earth carbon, SBE@C) was prepared by the pyrolysis of SBE to adsorb Pb(II) from water.RESULTSHerein, Pb(II) maximum adsorption capacity of SBE@C (63.30 mg g–1) from the Langmuir model is about twice that of SBE (33.13 mg g–1). This is mainly attributed to the increased surface area and surface hydrophobicity of SBE@C after pyrolysis. The adsorption kinetics indicated that the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and the Elovich model can better fit the kinetic process of SBE and SBE@C for Pb(II) adsorption, respectively. Coexisting cations cause the decrease of Pb(II) adsorption capacity by SBE@C to varying degrees, and the order of their inhibition is: Na+ < K+ < Mg2+ < Cu2+ < Al3+ < Fe3+. Increasing the initial pH of the solution (2.20–5.75) can promote Pb(II) adsorption capacity of SBE@C.CONCLUSIONBased on the results of characterization, Pb(II) adsorption mechanism by SBE@C is proposed, including the surface adsorption, electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, and surface complexation. Meanwhile, SBE@C has an excellent re‐utilization ability, and the adsorption ability of SBE@C was speculated to be lost after nine cycles. Overall, SBE@C is considered an economical and efficient adsorbent with broad application prospects.
Percutaneous ultrasound‐guided resection of a painful osteophyte using novel Tenex‐Bone device in a residual limb: A case report
Authors: Lui Garrett , Sussman Walter I. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResidual limb pain is common after amputation. Painful osteophytes are one of many causes of residual limb pain, and cases that fail conservative management may require open surgical resection. Here we present a novel percutaneous ultrasound‐guided approach to remove a painful osteophyte in a transfemoral amputee. This procedure successfully treated this patient's residual limb pain while minimizing the risks associated with open surgical resection.