bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digitalisation potentials in the electricity ecosystem: lesson learnt from the comparison between Germany and Denmark
Authors: Hack Thorsten , Ma Zheng , Jørgensen Bo Nørregaard 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDigitalisation potentials in the electricity sector are frequently discussed around the world, especially in Europe which has the largest interconnected continental electricity grid in the world. The analysis and comparison of electricity ecosystems between countries can help to enhance international understanding and cooperation. It can also enable businesses to expand. However, little literature has covered the cross-national comparisons of digitalisation potentials in the electricity sector. This paper uses the business ecosystem architecture development methodology to identify commonalities and differences between two electricity ecosystems: Germany and Denmark. The result shows that there are many similarities between the two countries, but the roles of market framework provider, market supervision, and metering point operator are performed by different actors. By comparing the value chain segments, the main differences between Denmark and Germany are the share of renewable energy generation, the organisation of the transmission system, smart meter installation & operations, and the national electricity data hub. Based on the comparisons, six recommendations for the digitalisation of the electricity ecosystem are proposed: digitalisation for enabling more renewable energy resources for electricity generation, digitalisation in the electricity grids, digitalisation ib. the electricity markets, digitalisation on the demand side, especially the transport sector, and regulation-driven digitalisation of the electricity ecosystem.
Breaking at the Edges: Carolee Schneemann's Desires for Dance
Authors: Goldman Danielle 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
During the late 1950s and early 1960s, Carolee Schneemann primarily identified as a painter. But she was a keen and cutting observer of dance. This article considers Schneemann's audacious performance work for the Judson Dance Theater and reflects on its ongoing importance both at the time of her death and in a world forced apart by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19).
Carolee Schneemann (1939–2019): Portfolio
Authors: White Kenneth , Takahashi Tess 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A portfolio of select photographs featuring significant works by Carolee Schneemann, photographs of Schneemann at work, and candid photographs of Schneemann with friends and colleagues. The portfolio complements the preceding essays and illustrations collected in the In Practice dossier dedicated to Schneemann. Several photographs in the portfolio have never before been published.
Co-translational biogenesis of lipid droplet integral membrane proteins
Authors: Leznicki Pawel , Schneider Hayden O. , Harvey Jada V. , Shi Wei Q. , High Stephen 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Membrane proteins destined for lipid droplets (LDs), a major intracellular storage site for neutral lipids, are inserted into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and then trafficked to LDs where they reside in a hairpin loop conformation. Here, we show that LD membrane proteins can be delivered to the ER either co- or post-translationally and that their membrane-embedded region specifies pathway selection. The co-translational route for LD membrane protein biogenesis is insensitive to a small molecule inhibitor of the Sec61 translocon, Ipomoeassin F, and instead relies on the ER membrane protein complex (EMC) for membrane insertion. This route may even result in a transient exposure of the short N termini of some LD membrane proteins to the ER lumen, followed by putative topological rearrangements that would enable their transmembrane segment to form a hairpin loop and N termini to face the cytosol. Our study reveals an unexpected complexity to LD membrane protein biogenesis and identifies a role for the EMC during their co-translational insertion into the ER.
Establishing scanning protocols for a CT lung cancer screening trial in the UK
Authors: Iball Gareth R , Darby Michael , Gabe Rhian , Crosbie Philip A. J. , Callister Matthew E. J. 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To develop a CT scanning protocol for lung cancer screening which achieved low radiation dose and a high level of objectively assessed image quality. Methods: An anthropomorphic chest phantom and a commercially available lung screening image quality phantom were scanned on a series of scan protocols from a previous UK lung screening pilot and on an alternative protocol. The chest phantom scans were used to assess the CT dose metrics on community-based mobile CT scanners and comparisons were made with published recommended doses. Scans of the image quality phantom were objectively assessed against the RSNA Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance (QIBA) recommendations. Protocol adjustments were made to ensure that the recommended dose and image quality levels were both achieved. Results: The alternative scan protocol yielded doses up to 72% lower than on the previously used protocols with a CTDIvol of 0.6mGy for the 55 kg equivalent phantom and 1.3mGy with an additional 6 cm of tissue equivalent material in place. Scans on the existing protocols failed on two of the QIBA image quality metrics (edge enhancement and 3D resolution aspect ratio). Following adjustments to the reconstruction parameters of the resulting image quality met all six QIBA recommendations. Radiologist review of phantom images with this scan protocol deemed them suitable for a lung screening trial. Conclusions: Scan protocols yielding low radiation doses and high levels of objectively assessed image quality which meet published criteria can be established through the use of specific anthropomorphic and image quality phantoms, and are deliverable in community-based lung cancer screening. Advances in knowledge: Development of a standard methodology for establishing CT lung screening scanning protocols Use of QIBA recommendations as objective image quality metrics Standardised lung phantoms are essential tools for setting up lung screening protocols
Polymorphisms of the genes ABCG2, SLC22A12 and XDH and their relation with hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia in Mexican young adults
Authors: Vargas-Morales Juan Manuel , Guevara-Cruz Martha , Aradillas-García Celia , G. Noriega Lilia , Tovar Armando , Alegría-Torres Jorge Alejandro 
Published: September 2021

Background: Hyperuricemia is a pathological condition associated with risk factors of cardiovascular disease. In this study, three genetic polymorphisms were genotyped as predisposing factors of hyperuricemia. Methods: A total of 860 Mexicans (129 cases and 731 controls) between 18 and 25 years of age were genotyped for the ABCG2 (Q191K), SLC22A12 (517G>A), and XDH (518T>C) polymorphisms, as predisposing factors of hyperuricemia. Biochemical parameters were measured by spectrophotometry, while genetic polymorphisms were analyzed by real-time PCR. An analysis of the risk of hyperuricemia in relation to the variables studied was carried out using a logistic regression. Results: Male sex, being overweight or obese, having hypercholesterolemia or having hypertriglyceridemia were factors associated with hyperuricemia ( p ≤ 0.05). The ABCG2 polymorphism was associated with hyperuricemia (OR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.41-4.17, p = 0.001) and hypercholesterolemia (OR = 4.89, 95% CI: 1.54-15.48, p = 0.003), employing a dominant model, but only in male participants. Conclusions: The ABCG2 (Q191K) polymorphism increases the risk of hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia in young Mexican males.
Correlation between anti-hypertensive drugs and disease progression among moderate, severe, and critically ill COVID-19 patients in the second referral hospital in Surbaya: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Suryantoro Satriyo Dwi , Thaha Mochammad , Hayati Mutiara Rizky , Yusuf Mochammad , Pikir Budi Susetyo , Susilo Hendri 
Published: September 2021

Background: Hypertension, as the comorbidity accompanying COVID-19, is related to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor (ACE-2R) and endothelial dysregulation which have an important role in blood pressure regulation. Other anti-hypertensive agents are believed to trigger the hyperinflammation process. We aimed to figure out the association between the use of anti-hypertensive drugs and the disease progression of COVID-19 patients. Methods: This study is an observational cohort study among COVID-19 adult patients from moderate to critically ill admitted to Universitas Airlangga Hospital (UAH) Surabaya with history of hypertension and receiving anti-hypertensive drugs. Results: Patients receiving beta blockers only had a longer length of stay than angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB) or calcium channel blockers alone (17, 13.36, and 13.73 respectively), had the higher rate of intensive care unit (ICU) admission than ACEi/ARB (p 0.04), and had the highest mortality rate (54.55%). There were no significant differences in length of stay, ICU admission, mortality rate, and days of death among the single, double, and triple anti-hypertensive groups. The mortality rate in groups taking ACEi/ARB was lower than other combination. Conclusions: Hypertension can increase the severity of COVID-19. The use of ACEI/ARBs in ACE-2 receptor regulation which is thought to aggravate the condition of COVID-19 patients has not yet been proven. This is consistent with findings in other anti-hypertensive groups.
Case Article—Swirltubs After-Market Product Inventory and Service Case
Authors: Gorman Michael F. 
Published: September 2021

In the Swirltubs case, students apply expected value decision making to a knapsack problem for appliance repairmen. The case is based on a published research paper on work that was actually implemented for a major appliance manufacturer. The case features three parts: (1) problem understanding and definition; (2) optimization results for a small, test problem; and (3) creation and testing of a heuristic for a large-scale implementation that exceeds the limits of Microsoft Excel®. Optionally, an instructor can add risk-analysis simulation and reoptimization under uncertainty in subsequent parts of the project, making it a total of five parts. The case is highly interactive, owing to the relatively unstructured nature of the problem. I have implemented the case over a two- and three-week period format, with upper-level master’s in business administration or master’s in analytics students who have been exposed previously to optimization methods. It has been administered to dozens of students with generally positive feedback. History: This paper has been accepted for the INFORMS Transactions on Education Special Section on Cases Based on Real-World Projects from the INFORMS Journal on Applied Analytics. Supplemental Matertial: Teaching Notes and Excel spreadsheet of solutions are available at https://www.informs.org/Publications/Subscribe/Access-Restricted-Materials .
Uso de colágeno y terapia de presión negativa en una úlcera de pie diabético: caso de estudio
Authors: Cifuentes Marcela Pacheco 
Published: September 2021

Summary Resumen: El siguiente caso de estudio describe el uso de una capa de colágeno en combinación con terapia de presión negativa en una úlcera de pie diabético, tratada en un hospital de Chile. La herida redujo su tamaño 58% en las primeras 10 semanas, y alcanzó la cicatrización completa en las siguientes 14 semanas. El tratamiento realizado evitó la amputación del pie del paciente que, a sus 64 años, mantuvo su independencia y calidad de vida.
Detection and utility of cell-free and circulating tumour DNA in bone and soft-tissue sarcomas
Authors: Tsoi Kim M. , Gokgoz Nalan , Darville-O'Quinn Paige , Prochazka Patrick , Malekoltojari Ainaz , Griffin Anthony M. , Ferguson Peter C. , Wunder Jay S. , Andrulis Irene L. 
Published: September 2021

Aims Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) are used for prognostication and monitoring in patients with carcinomas, but their utility is unclear in sarcomas. The objectives of this pilot study were to explore the prognostic significance of cfDNA and investigate whether tumour-specific alterations can be detected in the circulation of sarcoma patients. Methods Matched tumour and blood were collected from 64 sarcoma patients (n = 70 samples) prior to resection of the primary tumour (n = 57) or disease recurrence (n = 7). DNA was isolated from plasma, quantified, and analyzed for cfDNA. A subset of cases (n = 6) underwent whole exome sequencing to identify tumour-specific alterations used to detect ctDNA using digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR). Results Cell-free was present in 69 of 70 samples above 0.5 ng/ml. Improved disease-free survival was found for patients with lower cfDNA levels (90% vs 48% at one-year for ≤ 6 ng/ml and > 6 ng/ml, respectively; p = 0.005). Digital droplet PCR was performed as a pilot study and mutant alleles were detectable at 0.5% to 2.5% of the wild type genome, and at a level of 0.25 ng tumour DNA. Tumour-specific alterations (ctDNA) were found in five of six cases. Conclusion This work demonstrates the feasibility and potential utility of cfDNA and ctDNA as biomarkers for bone and soft-tissue sarcomas, despite the lack of recurrent genomic alterations. A larger study is required to validate these findings. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(9):602–610.
The English settlements, the Poor Man’s Lawyer and social work, circa 1890–1939
Authors: Bradley Kate 
Published: September 2021

The settlement movement in England brought about and worked in tandem with other reformist movements: such as the spread of ‘poor man’s lawyer’ services. The provision of these free legal advice clinics was a means of usefully applying the legal skills of residents at male-led settlements, as well as creating a form of social work that was acceptable for upper- and middle-class men to do. Settlement provision of legal advice also closely intersected with the social work they undertook, from direct interventions in helping needy families, to training social workers in aspects of law, as well as to seeing legal advice as a key element in community development.
Prevalence and incidence of young onset dementia and associations with comorbidities: A study of data from the French national health data system
Authors: Carcaillon-Bentata Laure , Quintin Cécile , Boussac-Zarebska Marjorie , Elbaz Alexis 
Published: September 2021

Background
Dementia onset in those aged <65 years (young onset dementia, YOD) has dramatic individual and societal consequences. In the context of population aging, data on YOD are of major importance to anticipate needs for planning and allocation of health and social resources. Few studies have provided precise frequency estimates of YOD. The aim of this study is to provide YOD prevalence and incidence estimates in France and to study the contribution of comorbidities to YOD incidence.

Methods and findings
Using data from the French national health data system (Système National des Données de Santé, SNDS) for 76% of the French population aged 40 to 64 years in 2016 (n = 16,665,795), we identified all persons with dementia based on at least 1 of 3 criteria: anti-Alzheimer drugs claims, hospitalization with the International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision (ICD-10) dementia codes (F00 to F03, G30, G31.0, G31.1, or F05.1), or registration for free healthcare for dementia. We estimated prevalence rate (PR) and incidence rate (IR) and estimated the association of comorbidities with incident YOD. Sex differences were investigated. We identified 18,466 (PRstandardized = 109.7/100,000) and 4,074 incident (IRstandardized = 24.4/100,000 person-years) persons with prevalent and incident YOD, respectively. PR and IR sharply increased with age. Age-adjusted PR and IR were 33% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 29 to 37) and 39% (95% CI = 31 to 48) higher in men than women (p < 0.001 both for PR and IR). Cardio- and cerebrovascular, neurological, psychiatric diseases, and traumatic brain injury prevalence were associated with incident YOD (age- and sex-adjusted p-values <0.001 for all comorbidities examined, except p = 0.109 for antihypertensive drug therapy). Adjustment for all comorbidities explained more than 55% of the sex difference in YOD incidence. The lack of information regarding dementia subtypes is the main limitation of this study.

Conclusions
We estimated that there were approximately 24,000 and approximately 5,300 persons with prevalent and incident YOD, respectively, in France in 2016. The higher YOD frequency in men may be partly explained by higher prevalence of cardiovascular and neurovascular diseases, substance abuse disorders, and traumatic brain injury and warrants further investigation.
Surveillance for face mask compliance, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, October-December, 2020
Authors: M. Jagadeesan , Rubeshkumar Polani , Raju Mohankumar , Sakthivel Manikandanesan , Murali Sharan , Nagarajan Ramya , Sendhilkumar Muthappan , Sambath Irene , Ilangovan Kumaravel , Harikrishnan Dineshkumar , Venkatasamy Vettrichelvan , Ganeshkumar Parasuraman , Reddy Madhusudhan , Kaur Prabhdeep 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
Government of Tamil Nadu, India, mandated the face mask wearing in public places as one of the mitigation measures of COVID-19. We established a surveillance system for monitoring the face mask usage. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of the population who wear face masks appropriately (covering nose, mouth, and chin) in the slums and non-slums of Chennai at different time points.

Methods
We conducted cross-sectional surveys among the residents of Chennai at two-time points of October and December 2020. The sample size for outdoor mask compliance for the first and second rounds of the survey was 1800 and 1600, respectively, for each of the two subgroups–slums and non-slums. In the second round, we included 640 individuals each in the slums and non-slums indoor public places and 1650 individuals in eleven shopping malls. We calculated the proportions and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for the mask compliance outdoors and indoors by age, gender, region, and setting (slum and non-slum).

Results
We observed 3600 and 3200 individuals in the first and second surveys, respectively, for outdoor mask compliance. In both rounds, the prevalence of appropriate mask use outdoors was significantly lower in the slums (28%-29%) than non-slum areas (36%-35%) of Chennai (p<0.01). Outdoor mask compliance was similar within slum and non-slum subgroups across the two surveys. Lack of mask use was higher in the non-slums in the second round (50%) than in the first round of the survey (43%) (p<0.05). In the indoor settings in the 2nd survey, 10%-11% among 1280 individuals wore masks appropriately. Of the 1650 observed in the malls, 947 (57%) wore masks appropriately.

Conclusion
Nearly one-third of residents of Chennai, India, correctly wore masks in public places. We recommend periodic surveys, enforcement of mask compliance in public places, and mass media campaigns to promote appropriate mask use.
Ruido en escenarios de práctica extramural de una facultad de odontología en instituciones de salud de área metropolitana, Bucaramanga-Colombia
Authors: Ardila López Judith Valentina , Galvis García Lisbeth Carolina , Gutiérrez Sánchez Diana Paola , Pérez Mogollón Camila Andrea , Almario Barrera Andrea Johanna , Castellanos Domínguez Yeny Zulay 
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Determinar los niveles de ruido generados en los escenarios de práctica clínica extramural a los que están expuestos los estudiantes de una facultad de odontología. Metodología: estudio observacional analítico de corte transversal, que incluyó los escenarios de práctica clínica que se mantuvieron activos al inicio de la pandemia con Covid-19 y cumplían con los protocolos de bioseguridad establecidos por la legislación nacional; las mediciones de ruido fueron realizadas por un experto con un sonómetro digital calibrado; el nivel de ruido se midió durante la realización de procedimientos odontológicos en el cubículo (ruido interno) y en el pasillo (ruido externo). La información se analizó con el paquete estadístico Stata 14.0. Se presenta un análisis uni y bivariado; éste último comparó las mediciones de ruido generado entre las instituciones y en cada institución entre el ruido externo e interno, se usó la prueba de Mann-Whitney. El estudio se acogió a las recomendaciones para investigaciones según resolución 8430 de 1993. Resultados: los valores de ruido obtenidos en las tres instituciones evaluadas en la presente investigación, no excedieron los límites de ruido establecidos por los parámetros nacionales e internacionales y se reportaron mayores niveles de ruido interno (74 dB) y externo (71,5 dB) en la institución ubicada en Floridablanca, a pesar de que en ésta se encontraba en funcionamiento una sola unidad. Conclusiones: Los niveles de ruido reportados no sobrepasaron los parámetros nacionales e internacionales.
Multivariate statistical analysis of tropane alkaloids in Anisodus tanguticus (Maxim.) Pascher from different regions to trace geographical origins
Authors: Chen Chen , Li Jingjing , Xiong Feng , Wang Bo , Xiao Yuanming , Zhou Guoying 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Anisodus tanguticus (Maxim.) Pascher is an important Tibetan folk medicine and the source of tropane alkaloids (TAs) grown in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. There are marked differences in quality of A. tanguticus from geographic areas. The aim of present research was to establish a method for the quantitative analysis of TAs coupled with chemometrics analysis to trace geographical origins. Qualitative analysis of TAs in A. tanguticus was carried out using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and quantitative analysis of TAs in different plant organs from different geographical origin was achieved. Contents of TAs were subjected to the principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis. The contents of the three marker compounds (anisodamine, anisodine and atropine) in the roots and acrial parts of A. tanguticus were positive correlated and varied significantly from different geographical origins. Principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis results showed excellent discrimination between different geographical origin of A. tanguticus. This study could provide comprehensive evaluation and further utilization of A. tanguticus resources.
A novel data classification-based scheme for cloud data security using various cryptographic algorithms
Authors: Ul Haq Mohd Naved , Kumar Narender 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Digital technologies had an effect on people's lives. The majority of these digital devices rely on cloud storage to meet their memory needs. Hundreds of thousands of images, videos, and audio files are being transferred to cloud storage. Thousands of people around the world access these media every second. Unauthorized access to these media must be avoided. One of the weak points for data breaches is the user-end encryption. This paper suggests a strategy for improving cloud data protection by combining the AES and blowfish encryption and decryption algorithms. AES-256 is used as the first layer, followed by blowfish as the second layer, in the hybrid solution. The output of the first layer is input to the second layer and the final result is analyzed. The proposed method also discusses other combined approaches such as AES with other traditional algorithms but the proposed method gives significant results compared to other approaches.