bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study On Grinding Force of High Volume Fraction SiCp/Al2024 Composites
Authors: GUO Guangyan , Gao Qi , Wang Quanzhao , Pan Shichao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In view of the difficult machining characteristics of high volume fraction SiCp/Al composites, this paper researches the grinding force variation of grinding SiCp/Al composites with grinding rod. A diamond grinding rod with a diameter of 3mm is used to grind the SiCp/Al2024 composite with 60% volume fraction by the method of end face grinding. By measuring the tangential grinding forces and normal grinding forces after grinding, the theoretical model of unit grinding force is deduced. According to the experimental parameters of spindle speed, feed rate and grinding depth, this paper derives the theoretical model of grinding force based on SiCp/Al2024 composites. And it clarifies the influence mechanism of grinding depth and feed rate on grinding force and explores the variation of grinding parameters on grinding force under dry grinding condition. Then the variation rule of grinding component force ratio is obtaines. The related research and theoretical model have theoretical guiding significance for exploring the grinding properties of hard-to-machine materials.
Synchronous Double Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Qu Meng-Meng , Zhu Yuan-Hui , Li Yi-Xiang , Li Zhi-fan , Li Jin-Kui , Lei Jun-Qiang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Synchronous double primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) (sdpHCC-ICC) located separately within a single liver is extremely rare. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical, imaging, pathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with sdpHCC-ICC, in order to enhance our understanding of the disease and improve diagnostic and therapeutic effect.Case presentation: A 49-year-old female patient with obvious liver cirrhosis, who carried hepatitis B virus, was admitted to our hospital for physical examination. The level of α-fetoprotein (AFP) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) was found to be elevated. Abdominal ultrasonography and enhanced computed tomography revealed two solid masses located in segments (S) 4 and 6 of the liver, with malignant behaviors. The preoperation diagnosis was multiple primary hepatocellular carcinomas. We performed hepatic resection of both segments. The resected specimens revealed that the tumors in segments 4 and 6 were well-defined lesions of 5.0 cm and 2.5cm, respectively. Histopathological examination confirmed that the tumor of the 4th segment to be moderately and poorly differentiated ICC, and that the tumor of the 6th segment to be poorly differentiated HCC. Immunohistochemically, the ICC in S4 was positive for CK19 and negative for Heppar-1, while the HCC in S6 was positive for Heppar-1 and negative for CK19. Unfortunately，metastasis and recurrence of multiple organs and lymph nodes were observed only 3 months later.Conclusions: The clinical characteristics of sdpHCC-ICC are usually atypical. It is of difficulty to make an accurate preoperative diagnosis. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were both the independent risk factor to the development of sdpHCC-ICC. In patients with chronic liver disease, careful observation with imaging examination should be necessary. Tumor markers may be valuable to the diagnosis of it. The definite diagnosis depends on pathological examination. Hepatic resection may be the preferred and most effective treatment. The prognosis of synchronous occurrence of double hepatic cancers was poorer than for either HCC or ICC, and the origin of it needs further study.
Significant Interaction of MTHFR C677T, A1298C and MTRR A66G Polymorphisms on the Risk of Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Sun Shuang , Liu Ying , guo Xuehua , Zhao Xun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: To explore the relationship between maternal methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T and A1298C, Methionine Synthase Reductase (MTRR) gene A66G and the recurrence of low birth weight(LBW) in offspring. Methods: Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (ASPCR) assay combined with TaqMan probe technique were used to detect the mother’s MTHFR and MTRR genotypes respectively. And unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations of MTHFR and MTRR polymorphisms, and gene-gene interaction with low birth weight.Results: MTHFR 677TT and 1298CC were independently associated with a higher risk of LBW (OR:2.22, 95%CI:1.14-4.34 and OR:2.82, 95% CI:1.15-6.87,respectively). The MTRR A66G polymorphism was associated with an significant association of LBW when combined with the MTHFR 677TT genotype, although there was no association found between LBW and MTRR A66G alone.Moreover, two or more risk genotypes carriers showed higher odds of LBW than null risk genotype one.Conclusion: Maternal MTHFR gene 677TT, 1298CC can increase the risk of LBW in the offspring.The MTRR A66G polymorphism was not associated with LBW alone. But it may exacerbate the effect of the MTHFR C677T variant.
Molecular Signatures Associated With the Development of Pulmonary Toxicities in Mesothelioma Patients Treated With Radical Hemithoracic Radiation Therapy
Authors: Crovella Sergio , Relevant Alberto , Muraro Elena , Moura Ronald , Brandão Lucas , Trovò Marco , Steffan Agostino , Zacchi Paola , Zabucchi Giuliano , Minatel Emilio , Borelli Violetta 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background. Radical Hemithoracic Radiotherapy (RHR), after lung-sparing surgery, has recently become a concrete therapeutic option for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), an asbestos-related, highly aggressive tumor with increasing incidence and poor prognosis. Although the toxicity associated to this treatment has been reduced, it is still not negligible and must be considered when treating patients. Genetic factors appear to play a role determining radiotherapy toxicity. The aim of this study is the identification of genetic markers able to predict the relative susceptibility for newly diagnosed MPM patients to develop lung adverse effects if they were to be treated with RHR. Methods. The study included individuals with MPM, treated with lung-sparing surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by RHR with curative intent, and followed up prospectively for development of pulmonary toxicity. Due to the impact of grade 3 pulmonary toxicities on the quality of life, for further genetic analyses patients were divided into a none or tolerable pulmonary toxicity group (Grade ≤2) and a severe pulmonary toxicity group (Grade=3). Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify genetic variants in biological pathways associated to pulmonary toxicity after radiotherapy.Results. We identified crucial pathways driving the lung response to ionizing radiations in patients affected by mesothelioma: by affecting both the fibrinolytic activity and RNA editing pathways, irradiation could be responsible of the severe toxicity events reported by some patients, who present specific mutations in genes involved in these pathways. Conclusions. Our preliminary results could pave the way for the definition of a panel of predictive genomic variants, capable of supporting the management of MPM patients. By allowing for early identification of patients at high risk for treatment-dependent pulmonary toxicity, this predictive tool could play a major role in the design of new therapeutic combinations.
Treatment of Ocular Tumors Through a Novel Applicator on a Conventional Proton Pencil Beam Scanning Beamline
Authors: Regmi Rajesh , Maes Dominic , Nevitt Alexander , Toltz Allison , Leuro Erick , Chen Jonathan , Halasz Lia , Rengan Ramesh , Bloch Charles , Saini Jatinder 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Treatment of ocular tumors on dedicated scattering-based proton therapy systems is standard afforded due to sharp lateral and distal penumbras. However, most newer proton therapy centers provide pencil beam scanning treatments. In this paper, we present a pencil beam scanning (PBS)-based ocular treatment solution. The design, commissioning, and validation of an applicator mount for a conventional PBS snout to allow for ocular treatments are given. In contrast to scattering techniques, PBS-based ocular therapy allows for inverse planning, providing planners with additional flexibility to shape the radiation field, potentially sparing healthy tissues. PBS enables the use of commercial Monte Carlo algorithms resulting in accurate dose calculations in the presence of heterogeneities and fiducials. The validation consisted of small field dosimetry measurements of point doses, depth doses, and lateral profiles relevant to ocular therapy. A comparison of beam properties achieved through the applicator against published literature is presented. We successfully showed the feasibility of PBS-based ocular treatments.
Systemic Sarcoidosis: Sociodemographic and Genetic Characteristics in a Tunisian Population
Authors: Douma Bissene , Derbali Hajer , Mrissa linda , Ali Emna Ben Haj , Sayahi Sameh , Mrissa Nejiba Fekih , Mrissa Ridha 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a multi-systemic granulomatosis of unknown cause, characterized by a clinical polymorphism. It results from interplay of environmental and genetic factors. The aim of our study was to describe sociodemographic and genetic characteristics in Tunisian patients with sarcoidosis. We conducted a retrorospective study of patients with sarcoidosis followed in the internal medicine and neurology departments at the Military Hospital of Tunis. We collected epidemiological characteristics. Genetic study concerned only patients who accepted to participate. DNA extraction was performed from whole blood. HLA class II typing and gene mutation testing of the ACE gene were also performed. Our study concerned 50 patients. The mediastino-pulmonary involvement was the most frequent (72.3%), followed by neurological involvement (58.5%), cutaneous involvement (50.8%) and ophthalmological involvement (40%). Genetic analysis showed a high frequency of the HLA DRB1 * 1501 allele (38%), DD genotype (30%) and D allele (54%) of the ACE gene. Treatment with corticosteroids was most often used 73.85%. The evolution was favorable in 13 cases (26.15%), and stable in 63% of cases. In conclusion, sociodemographic and genetic characteristic are variable from one ethnic to another. Advances in genotyping and statistical analysis are helping to elucidate the genetics of sarcoidosis.
Circulating Glycan Monosaccharide Composite Detects Endometrial Cancer at Early Stages
Authors: zeng pengjiao , Chen Yulong , Hao Cui , Zeng Xuan , Gao Yanyun , Yang Dandan , Shan Ming , Dou Huaiqian , Zhang Meng , Zhang Yiran , He Yanli , Li Xiulian , Li Juan , Wang Liming , Yao Qin , Zhang Lijuan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Early diagnosis is the key to cure endometrial cancer. However, current cancer biomarkers, such as CA125, have low specificity and sensitivity for endometrial cancer diagnosis even at late stages. Glycans, containing both genetic and environmental information, are the most promising biomolecules to serve as early diagnostic biomarkers. To simplifying the structural information residing in the circulating glycans, the monosaccharide composite was investigated as a biomarker in the current study.
Methods

Acid hydrolysis, pre-column derivation, and HPLC analysis were used to quantify monosaccharide compositions of serum glycans for pathological confirmed endometrial cancer patients (n = 30), uterine fibroid patients (n = 35), and the healthy controls (n = 30). The levels of CA125 were also measured for all the serum samples from the patients and healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic and logistic regression were used to assess the reliability of the biomarker.
Results

Galactosamine, glucosamine, and galactose concentrations were significantly increased (P < 0.05), whereas mannose and fucose concentrations were decreased (for fucose, P < 0.05) in hydrolyzed serum glycans of endometrial cancer patients compared to the healthy control. The area under curve (AUC), 95% confidence interval, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 0.96, 0.92-1.00, 86.7%, 93.3%, and 90.0% for monosaccharide composite and 0.58, 0.43–0.73, 40.0%, 83.3%, and 61.7% for CA125, respectively. Furthermore, the monosaccharide composite detected 28 while CA125 only detected 5 out of the 30 patients with pathologically confirmed endometrial cancer.
Conclusions

The serum monosaccharide composition analysis was a simple and quantitative assay for biomarker development. The monosaccharide composite of hydrolyzed serum glycans was an excellent biomarker for endometrial cancer early detection. The abnormal environmental information present in the circulating glycans explained its ability to detect cancers at early stages.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Dysregulates the Expression of Long Noncoding RNAs in Placentas
Authors: Li Hui-hui , Sai Lin-tao , Liu Yuan , Freel Colman I. , Wang Kai , Zhou Chi , Zheng Jing , Shu Qiang , Zhao Ying-jie 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can cause placental dysfunctions, which may result in pregnancy complications. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are actively involved in the regulation of immune responses during pregnancy. The present study aimed to determine the lncRNA expression profiles in placentas from women with SLE to gain new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms in SLE pregnancies.Methods: RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis was performed to identify SLE-dysregulated lncRNAs and mRNAs in placentas from women with SLE and normal full-term (NT) pregnancies. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to predict biological functions of these SLE-dysregulated lncRNAs and mRNAs. Correlation relationships between these dysregulated lncRNAs and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) scores were also assessed. Results: RNA-seq analysis identified 81 dysregulated lncRNAs in SLE placentas, including 53 that were up-regulated and 28 down-regulated. Additional 221 SLE-dysregulated mRNAs were also discovered, including 209 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that SLE-dysregulated genes were associated with biological functions and gene networks, such as type I interferon signaling pathway, response to hypoxia, regulation of MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)/JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) cascade, response to steroid hormone, heparin binding, and insulin-like growth factor binding. Correlation analysis showed that lncRNA NONHSAT246155.1 was positively correlated (r = 0.333, P = 0.037) with SLEDAI score.Conclusions: This is the first report of the lncRNA profiles in placentas from SLE pregnancies. These results suggest that the aberrant expression and the potential regulatory function of lncRNAs in placentas may play comprehensive roles in the pathogenesis of SLE pregnancies. These lncRNAs, including NONHSAT246155.1 may potentially serve as novel therapeutic targets for SLE during pregnancy.
Wastewater-based Epidemiology – Possible Approach for the Prevalence Prediction of SARS-CoV-2 in the Population
Authors: Krivonakova Nada , Soltysova Andrea , Tamas Michal , Takac Zdenko , Krahulec Ján , Ficek Andrej , Gal Miroslav , Gall Marian , Feher Miroslav , Krivjanska Anna , Horakova Ivana , Belisova Noemi , Bimova Paula , Skulcova Andrea , Mackulak Tomas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic caused by β-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 emerges to intensive scientific research and monitoring of wastewaters because of their possible important role in identifying and early warning of a spread of the virus in the community. In our study, we investigated the prevalence of the COVID-19 disease in the population of the capital city of Slovakia, Bratislava, based on wastewater monitoring from September 2020 until March 2021. Samples were analyzed from two major wastewater treatment plants of the city with reaching nearly 0.6 million monitored inhabitants. Obtained results from the wastewater analysis suggest significant statistical dependence. High correlations between the number of viral particles in wastewater and the number of reported positive nasopharyngeal RT-qPCR tests of infected individuals with a time lag of 2 weeks / 12 days (R2 = 83.78% / R2 = 52.65%) as well as with a reported number of death cases with a time lag of 4 weeks / 27 days (R2 = 83.21% / R2 = 61.89%) was observed. The obtained results and subsequent mathematical modeling will serve in the future as an early warning system for the occurrence of a local site of infection and, at the same time, predict the load on the health system up to two weeks in advance.
Architecture Engineering of One Body Nanostructured Catalyst: Layer-By-Layer Adornment of Multiple Nanocatalysts On Silica Nanorod Arrays For Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes
Authors: Hong Kootak , Suh Jun Min , Lee Tae Hyung , Ramakrishna Seeram , Varma Rajender S. , Jang Ho Won , Shokouhimehr Mohammadreza 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Direct consideration for both, the catalytically active species and the host materials provides highly efficient strategies for the architecture design of nanostructured catalysts. The conventional wet chemical methods have limitations in achieving such unique layer-by-layer design possessing one body framework with many catalyst parts. Herein, an innovative physical method is presented that allows the well-regulated architecture design for an array of functional nanocatalysts as exemplified by layer-by-layer adornment of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) on the highly arrayed silica nanorods. This spatially confined catalyst exhibits excellent efficiency for the hydrogenation of nitroarenes and widely deployed Suzuki cross-coupling reactions; their facile separation from the reaction mixtures is easily accomplished due to the monolithic structure. The generality of this method for the introduction of other metal source has also been demonstrated with Au NPs. This pioneering effort highlights the feasibility of physically controlled architecture design of nanostructured catalysts which may stimulate further studies in the general domain of the heterogeneous catalytic transformations.
Characteristics, Mortality and Cardiovascular Events in Chronic Kidney Disease According To Previous Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and/or Hypertension. A Population-Based Epidemiological Study (KIDNEES)
Authors: Salvador-González Betlem , Cunillera-Puértolas Oriol , Vizcaya David , Cerain-Herrero M Jesus , Gil-Terrón Neus , Cobo-Guerrero Sílvia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction and objectives.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) entails a considerable burden of adverse outcomes. Identifying the cause is recommended but data on its prognostic value are scarce. We aimed to estimate how the clinical, cardiovascular events (CVE) and all-cause mortality (ACM) of CKD patients differs according to previous Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2TD) and/or Hypertension (HTN).
Methods.

We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on electronic health records of subjects aged 18–90 years old, with incident CKD between 1st January 2007 and 31st December 2017. The association between CKD groups according to previous T2D and/or HTN, and risk of ACM and CVE at follow-up were determined with Cox and Fine-Gray regressions, respectively.
Results.

398,477 subjects were included. Median age was 74years, 55.2% were women. Individuals were distributed to HTN-CKD (51.9%), T2D-CKD (3.87%), HTN/T2D-CKD (31.4%) and unspecified-CKD (12.9%). In the multivariate analysis, with the T2D-CKD group as reference, the ACM Hazard Ratio (HR) was 0.645 (95%CI 0.624–0.667) in HTN-CKD, 0.704 (95%CI 0.682–0.728) in HTN/T2D-CKD and 0.875 (95%CI 0.844–0.908) in Unspecified-CKD group. The respective sub distribution HRs for CVE were 1.006 (CI95% 0.946–1.069), 1.238 (CI95% 1.164–1.316) and 0.722 (CI95% 0.665–0.785).
Conclusion.

In individuals with CKD, the risk of ACM and CVE differed according to previous HTN or/and T2D. These characteristics can help identifying individuals at higher risk of adverse outcomes, and improving the management of CKD patients in primary care.
First Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Pseudorabies Virus Detected in Turkey
Authors: Aytoğu Gizem , Toker Eda B. , Yavas Ozkan , Kadiroglu Berfin , Ates Ozer , Ozyigit Musa Ozgur , Yesilbag Kadir 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Pigs are the main host species for the pseudorabies virus, while it causes fatal encephalitis in many species including human being. The objective of this article is to report the first clinical case of pseudorabies as well as isolation and molecular characterization of the virus from a hunting dog in Bursa province, Turkey. The dog showing clinical signs including pruritus and neurological signs as stumbling and inability to stand up compatible with pseudorabies. The virus isolate was obtained from supernatant of fresh tissue samples from cerebellum, cornu ammonis, spleen, salivary gland, and conjunctival swab, as well as serum, and buffy coat samples. The glycoprotein C region is targeted for viral DNA amplification. Pseudorabies virus genome was detected both in fresh tissues and supernatants of 3rd passage on Vero cells. Number of PCR positive samples were dramatically increased after having cell culture inoculations. Genome sequencing revealed that the strain (Bursa-10303) isolated in Turkey where a non-endemic area is for the virus is dropped into clade A. This study confirms the presence of psedorabies infection in the wild life reservoirs in Turkey. Future studies may clarify the importance of the infection for Turkey where there is no common pig production.
A Novel De Novo TUBB3 Variant Causing Developmental Delay, Epilepsy and Mild Ophthalmological Symptoms in a Chinese Child.
Authors: Xue Jiao , Song Zhenfeng , Ma Shuyin , Yi Zhi , Yang Chengqing , Li Fei , Liu Kaixuan , Zhang Ying 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Heterozygous missense mutations in TUBB3 have been implicated in various neurological disorders encompassing either isolated congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles type 3 (CFEOM3) or complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations 1 (CDCBM1). The description of seizures in patients with TUBB3 mutations is rare. Here, we reported a patient who had febrile seizures before and focal seizure this time, which was diagnosed as epilepsy in combination with an abnormal EEG. MRI showed hypoplastic corpus callosum. Mutation analysis showed a novel de novo heterozygous variant of TUBB3 gene (NM_006086), c.763G>A (p.V255I). He had global developmental delay, photophobia and elliptic pupil, but lacking extraocular muscles involvement and malformations of cortical development, which might be a less severe phenotype of TUBB3 mutations. This was the first report of elliptic pupil in patients with TUBB3 mutations and expanded the spectrum of TUBB3 phenotypes. It indicated that the phenotypic range of TUBB3 mutations might be more continuous than discrete, with a severity ranging from mild to severe. Further studies are needed to elucidate the complete spectrum of TUBB3-related phenotypes.