bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-intensity Interval Training Improves Lipocalin-2 and Omentin-1 Levels in Men with Obesity
Authors: Atashak Sirvan , Stannard Stephen R. , Daraei Ali , Soltani Mohammad , Saeidi Ayoub , Moradi Fatah , Laher Ismail , Hackney Anthony C. , Zouhal Hassane 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe investigated the effects of 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on selected circulating adipokines and other cardiovascular diseases risks factors in men with obesity. Thirty men with obesity (age: 24.96±3.11 year, BMI: 30.92±1.04 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to HIIT and control groups. The HIIT group participated in a 12-week HIIT program (5×2 min interval bout at an intensity of 85–95% HRmax interspersed by 1 min passive recovery, three times per week), while the control group maintained their usual lifestyles. Blood lipids, insulin resistance, and select serum adipokines were assessed before and after 12 weeks of the intervention period. HIIT improved body composition and lipid profiles (p<0.05) and also decreased fasting insulin levels (p=0.001) and HOMA-IR (p=0.002) levels. Furthermore, HIIT increased levels of lipocalin-2 (p=0.002) while decreasing omentin-1 levels (p=0.001) in men with obesity. Changes in lcn2 and omentin-1 concentrations correlated with the changes in risk factors in the HIIT group (p<0.05). The results indicate that 12 weeks of supervised HIIT significantly improves both circulating concentrations of lcn2 and omentin-1, two recently described adipokines, and risk markers of cardiovascular diseases in men with obesity. Further research is necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms involved with these changes.
Resistance Training and High-intensity Interval Training Improve
Cardiometabolic Health in High Risk Older Adults: A Systematic Review and
Meta-anaylsis
Authors: McLeod Kelly A. , Jones Matthew D. , Thom Jeanette M. , Parmenter Belinda J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractProgressive resistance training (PRT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT)
improve cardiometabolic health in older adults. Whether combination
PRT+HIIT (COMB) provides similar or additional benefit is less clear.
This systematic review with meta-analysis of controlled trials examined effects
of PRT, HIIT and COMB compared to non-exercise control in older adults with high
cardiometabolic risk. Databases were searched until January 2021, with study
quality assessed using the PEDro scale. Risk factor data was extracted and
analysed using RevMan V.5.3. We analysed 422 participants from nine studies (7
PRT, n=149, 1 HIIT, n=10, 1 COMB, n=60; control
n=203; mean age 68.1±1.4 years). Compared to control, exercise
improved body mass index (mean difference (MD) −0.33 [−0.47,
−0.20], p≤0.0001), body fat% (standardised mean
difference (SMD) −0.71 [−1.34, −0.08], p=0.03),
aerobic capacity (SMD 0.41 [0.05, 0.78], p=0.03), low-density
lipoprotein (SMD −0.27 [−0.52, −0.01], p=0.04),
and blood glucose (SMD −0.31 [−0.58, −0.05],
p=0.02). Therefore, PRT, HIIT and COMB can improve cardiometabolic
health in older adults with cardiometabolic risk. Further research is warranted,
particularly in HIIT and COMB, to identify the optimal exercise prescription, if
any, for improving older adults cardiometabolic health. (PROSPERO:
CRD42019128527).
Evaluation of Peritoneal Deposits in Undiagnosed Ascites by Advanced Endoscopic Ultrasound Imaging Techniques
Authors: Rana Surinder Singh , Sharma Ravi , Gupta Rajesh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEtiology of ascites can be usually determined with ascitic fluid cytological and biochemical evaluation. Occasionally, the cause of ascites cannot be determined despite repeated ascitic fluid evaluations. These patients with undiagnosed ascites usually undergo diagnostic laparotomy/laparoscopy for etiological diagnosis. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) can help in resolving the diagnostic conundrum of undiagnosed ascites by visualizing as well as sampling peritoneal and omental deposits/thickening. However, rarely fine-needle aspiration from deposits may be falsely negative and patient may need repeat sampling. Newer EUS imaging techniques such as elastography and contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS by providing additive information on stiffness and enhancement pattern of the lesion can help in differential diagnosis.
Risk Factors for Intrapartum Cesarean Section Delivery in Low-risk Multiparous Women Following at Least a Prior Vaginal Birth (Robson Classification 3 and 4)
Authors: Buyuk Gul Nihal , Kansu-Celik Hatice , Kaplan Zeynep Asli Oskovi , Kisa Burcu , Ozel Sule , Engin-Ustun Yaprak 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate the risk factors for cesarean section (C-section) in low-risk multiparous women with a history of vaginal birth.
Methods The present retrospective study included low-risk multiparous women with a history of vaginal birth who gave birth at between 37 and 42 gestational weeks. The subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the mode of delivery, as C-section Group and vaginal delivery Group. Risk factors for C-section such as demographic characteristics, ultrasonographic measurements, smoking, weight gain during pregnancy (WGDP), interval time between prior birth, history of macrosomic birth, and cervical dilatation at the admission to the hospital were obtained from the charts of the patients. Obstetric and neonatal outcomes were compared between groups.
Results The most common C-section indications were fetal distress and macrosomia (33.9% [n = 77 and 20.7% [n = 47] respectively). A bivariate correlation analysis demonstrated that mothers aged > 30 years old (odds ratio [OR]: 2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30–3.34; p = 0.002), parity >1 (OR: 1.81; 95%CI: 1.18–2.71; p = 0.006), fetal abdominal circumference (FAC) measurement > 360 mm (OR: 34.20; 95%CI: 8.04—145.56; p < 0.001)) and < 345 mm (OR: 3.06; 95%CI: 1.88–5; p < 0.001), presence of large for gestational age (LGA) fetus (OR: 5.09; 95%CI: 1.35–19.21; p = 0.016), premature rupture of membranes (PROM) (OR: 1.52; 95%CI: 1–2.33; p = 0.041), and cervical dilatation < 5cm at admission (OR: 2.12; 95%CI: 1.34–3.34; p = 0.001) were associated with the group requiring a C-section.
Conclusion This is the first study evaluating the risk factors for C-section in low-risk multiparous women with a history of vaginal birth according to the Robson classification 3 and 4. Fetal distress and suspected fetal macrosomia constituted most of the C-section indications.
A High-Volume, Academic Orthopedic Specialty Hospital Provides the Shortest Operative Times in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Zak Stephen G. , Bernstein Jenna , Tang Alex , Slover James , Schwarzkopf Ran , Rozell Joshua 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOperative time is a potential modifiable target for reducing cost and optimizing efficiency in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Shorter operative times are associated with decreased costs and complications. One proposed solution for reducing operating room (OR) times is to preferentially perform THAs at a higher volume center. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of different hospital settings on mean operative time in THA. A retrospective analysis of 7,694 consecutive primary and revision THA cases across four different hospitals was conducted. The hospitals reviewed in this study include a high-volume academic (HVA) orthopedic hospital, a large tertiary, low-volume academic (LVA) center, a high-volume community (HVC) hospital, and a low-volume community (LVC) hospital. Operative times, patient baseline demographics, and procedure classification (inpatient vs. outpatient) were collected. For primary THA, the HVA hospital maintained the statistically lowest total OR times followed by the HVC hospital (155.96 vs. 167.27 minutes, p < 0.0001). The LVC and HVC centers had similar total OR times (175.48 vs. 167.27 minutes, p = 0.578). For revision THA, the LVC center had the shortest total OR time followed by the HVA, LVA, and HVC sites (194.85 vs. 224.69 vs. 244.07 vs. 279.54 minutes). However, there were a larger amount of revision cases performed at our HVA sites than our community hospitals (523 vs. 123 cases). Our HVA hospital specialized in orthopedic care experiences shorter primary THA OR times than community hospitals. These findings suggest that in addition to hospital volume, factors such as specialized staffing, standardized OR protocols, and additional resources affect operative times, making HVA centers better equipped to handle primary THA.
Chromosome 1p36 Deletion Syndrome: Four Patients with Variable Presentations
Authors: Chaudhry Chakshu , Kumari Divya , Panigrahi Inusha , Kaur Parminder 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChromosome 1p36 deletion accounts for around 1% of cases of intellectual disability. The pattern of clinical features includes developmental delay, hypotonia, seizures, short stature, intellectual disability, vision and hearing deficits, congenital heart disease, and renal abnormalities. The size of deletion can be variable. We report four cases of 1p36 deletion syndrome detected in the past 3 years in a genetic clinic. One patient was detected by next-generation sequencing, another by chromosomal microarray, and the remaining two by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. We discuss the variable presentations in the four children. Early diagnosis enables better prognostication and further reproductive planning.
Image-Guided Breast Interventions: Biopsy and Beyond
Authors: Dhamija Ekta , Singh Rashmi , Mishra Seema , Hari Smriti 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBreast interventions primarily comprise of biopsy of the suspicious breast lesions to obtain accurate pathological diagnosis. Generally, image-guided breast biopsy is required for nonpalpable lesions, however, even in palpable lesions, image-guided biopsy should be performed as it improves the accuracy of diagnosis. Image-guided breast interventions have progressed well beyond biopsy, making the radiologist an important part of the multidisciplinary management of breast cancer. Preoperative localization of nonpalpable abnormalities guides optimal surgical excision to obtain negative margins without sacrificing the normal tissue. Ablative procedures for breast cancer treatment such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation can sometimes replace surgery in older patients with comorbidities. This article enumerates and describes the expanding spectrum of image-guided interventions performed by breast radiologist.
Side Strain and Impact Injuries at the Iliac Crest Attachment of Lateral Abdominal Wall Musculature in Cricketers: An Uncommon Injury Pattern
Authors: Mehta Chinmay P. , Daftary Aditya , Lawande Malini 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSide strains refer to injuries of the internal/external oblique or the transversus abdominis, commonly at their attachment to the lower four ribs and rarely at their pelvic attachments. Injuries at the rib attachments are well-described while literature on iliac crest attachment injuries is sparse. We report four cricketers who had side strain and direct impact injuries with varying degrees of severity at the iliac crest attachment. The purpose of this article is to describe the anatomy, possible mechanism of injury, and imaging findings in the lateral abdominal wall muscle injuries at the iliac crest, which have not been described previously.
Solitary Fibrous Tumor of Internal Jugular Vein: An Extremely Rare Entity with Review of Literature
Authors: Kumar Khemendra , Kumar Parveen , Bhatia Mona , Garg Amit 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSolitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is an unusual spindle cell neoplasm that commonly arises from pleura. In the last decade, multiple case reports have described its diverse occurrence in extrapleural locations involving almost every anatomic site. Intravascular SFT is extremely rare and has been reported in inferior vena cava and renal vein only, to the best of our knowledge. SFT of the internal jugular vein has never been reported. We present a case of a SFT arising from internal jugular vein with extraluminal exophytic component extending into supraclavicular fossa. It should also be considered as a differential diagnosis for neoplasm arising from the internal jugular vein.
Facial Nerve Schwannoma: The Rare/Great Mimicker of Vestibular Schwannoma/Neuroma
Authors: Pathapati Deepthi , Barla Kiran , Dayal Monal , Gati Rajitha , Lakota Praveen Kumar 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSchwannomas are benign tumors arising from Schwann cells which are a protective casing of nerves, composing myelin sheath and can develop in any nerve where Schwann cells are present. Most common are vestibulocochlear nerve schwannomas. Facial nerve schwannomas (FNSs) are uncommon tumors involving seventh nerve of which geniculate ganglion involvement is most common. Clinical presentations and the imaging appearances of FNSs are influenced by the topographical anatomy of the facial nerve and vary according to the segments involved. We report a case of 73-year-old man presenting with right side facial weakness of lower motor neuron type involvement. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are clinching the diagnosis. An early diagnosis is important in containing the disease facilitating early surgical intervention.
Postoperative Recurrent Paraspinal Fibromatosis after Resection of Cervical Meningioma and Review of Literature
Authors: Gupta Ankur , Batta Nafisa S. , Batra Vikas 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe extra-abdominal deep fibromatoses also called as desmoid tumor (DT) are rare musculoaponeurotic, histologically benign tumoral soft tissue lesions which are locally aggressive with high rate of recurrence and no metastatic potential. Here, we describe a rare case of postoperative paraspinal fibromatosis in female child after aciurgy of intraspinal cervical meningioma. The lesion was incidentally detected in routine follow-up study and showed significant interval growth over a period of 1 year. Surgical resection was performed after histopathological confirmation; however, recurrence was observed. Hitherto only seven cases of postoperative paraspinal fibromatosis have been reported in the literature. To the best of authors’ knowledge, this report is the first case of postoperative fibromatosis in cervical spine after resection of meningioma. The aim of the case report is to emphasize the clinical scenario for suspicion of fibromatosis, magnetic resonance imaging clues, and multidisciplinary treatment strategy which has shifted toward initial active surveillance.
Parametric amplification in optical fibre with longitudinally varying dispersion
Authors: Mazhirina Yu.A. , Mel’nikov L.A. , Sysoliatin A.A. , Konyukhov A.I. , Gochelashvili K.S. , Venkitesh Deepa , Sarkar Suchita 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe analyse modulation instability in fibre with longitudinally varying dispersion and the associated parametric amplification and confirm that modulation instability in such fibre is observed even in the case of positive dispersion. Highly nonlinear fibre with periodic dispersion modulation is shown to be potentially attractive as a component of a parametric amplifier with an extended gain band due to parametric resonances. Issues related to the influence of SRS and SBS on the operation of parametric amplifiers are discussed.
A theoretical study of the group refractive index n
g in a four-level inverted Y-type system formed by 87Rb atom – laser radiation interaction
Authors: Hazra R. , Hossain M.M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We report a theoretical investigation of the dispersion resulting from electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and the associated group refractive index profiles n
g of a four-level inverted Y-type system formed by the interaction of three optical fields (probe, pump and control) with 87Rb atoms. The density matrix equations are derived from the semi-classical Liouville’s equation and solved both numerically and analytically to study the coherent nonlinear optical properties of the medium. We first present the EIT, dispersion and corresponding group index profiles n
g under the switch-on/off and on/off-resonance conditions of the pump and control lasers. In presence of both pump and control lasers, an enhancement of the EIT window, a sharp EIT spike and related steeper dispersion slopes are obtained at the line centre of the probe frequency detuning. The group index profiles with the variation of the strengths of individual applied optical fields are studied. The effect of the ground state decoherence rates on the group index profile is examined in detail. It is found that the manipulation of n
g values and the corresponding group velocities ν
g of the probe light can be easily controlled from subluminal to superluminal values or vice versa by changing the strengths of the applied fields and the ground state decoherence rates. Besides, the EIT-based ‘optical switching’ phenomenon in the medium is explained by studying the variation of the group index with the pump and control Rabi frequencies.
System of fibre-optic smoothing of laser radiation on the Luch laser facility
Authors: Sizmin D.V. , Pugacheva V.N. , Starodubtsev K.V. , Dushina L.A. , Gorchakov O.I. , Derkach V.N. , Voronich I.N. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA front end system with spatiotemporal smoothing based on the use of multimode optical fibre has been developed on the Luch laser. The system consists of a broadband master oscillator, a smoothing fibre, preamplifiers, and subsystems for the formation of temporal and spatial radiation profile. The processes of generation of partially coherent radiation, its amplification and conversion into the second harmonic are experimentally investigated. At the amplifying channel output, the pulse energy of the first harmonic reaches up to 1200 J with a pulse duration of 4 ns; the technical coefficient of radiation conversion to the second harmonic is up to 44%, and the beam divergence is 0.2 – 0.25 mrad. When using smoothed radiation, the speckled structure in the far field is almost completely eliminated: the small-scale inhomogeneity of the target irradiation, integrated over the pulse time, is reduced by 1 – 2 orders of magnitude compared to unsmoothed radiation.
Formation of a waveguide in a LiF crystal by a mid-IR light bullet
Authors: Kuznetsov A.V. , Dormidonov A.E. , Kompanets V.O. , Chekalin S.V. , Kandidov V.P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe report experimental and numerical investigation of the dynamics of the onset of micromodifications in a LiF crystal upon filamentation of femtosecond mid-IR radiation under conditions of anomalous group velocity dispersion with an increase in the number of acting pulses. It is found that the length of the induced waveguide increases with an increase in the number of acting pulses both in the direction of radiation propagation and in the opposite direction, reaching about 5 mm with an exposure of several thousand pulses. A model is proposed for the waveguide structure formation upon accumulation of changes in the LiF refractive index, caused by the formation of colour centres under conditions of saturation of their concentration. It is shown that the refractive index transverse distribution in the structure has a table-like shape with a diameter of more than 4 μm, which leads to the localisation of radiation reflected from the boundaries of the waveguide.
Laser amplification in an Yb : YAG active mirror with a significant temperature gradient
Authors: Kuptsov G.V. , Petrov V.A. , Petrov V.V. , Laptev A.V. , Konovalova A.O. , Kirpichnikov A.V. , Pestryakov E.V. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA time-dependent model of laser amplification in an Yb : YAG crystal is considered based on a system of balance equations, as well as radiation transfer and heat conduction equations. The model also takes into account the dependence of the laser characteristics of the gain medium on the injection wavelength and the effect of amplified spontaneous emission. This model is verified based on a diode-pumped amplifier with cryogenic cooling of active elements. The dependences of the gain on the pump pulse energy are experimentally measured for different amplification regimes and compared with simulation results.
Affricate variation in Emirati Arabic
Authors: Szreder Marta , Derrick Donald , Ben-Ammar Chahla 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Using a corpus analysis and an elicitation study,
we provide evidence regarding the effects of lexical, phonological
and socio-phonetic factors on the distribution of affricate variants
in Emirati Arabic (EA). The corpus results indicate that the
processes are only partially attributable to lexical factors;
results reveal previously unreported patterns of vowel effects, and
suggest a role of coronal consonants in determining affrication. The
experimental results highlight significant within- and
across-speaker variability that is not only lexically-determined,
but also contradicts traditional hypotheses regarding the geographic
distribution of the variants. This exploratory study presents a
detailed descriptive analysis of the process in EA, providing
suggestions for future investigations.
An exploratory longitudinal study of vocabulary development in
bilingually exposed children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in
the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Shaalan Saleh , Egan Kerry , Gould Daniel , Olsen Pam 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This is a longitudinal study of the vocabulary
development of 29 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in
the UAE, who are aged 44 to 77 months and enrolled in a bilingual
intensive intervention program. These children were assessed at
entry, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, and 30 months using receptive
and expressive vocabulary tests in Arabic and English. MANOVA
results and follow-up tests showed significant increases in
vocabulary skills across times and in both languages. Pearson
correlation coefficients showed strong positive correlations between
the four vocabulary tests. Results confirmed findings of no
detrimental effects of bilingual intervention reported in other
languages. Moreover, results showed that speaking abilities at the
start of the program did not correlate with their expressive
vocabulary at the end of the study. We discuss limitations of this
study and some considerations when conducting similar research in
the future.