bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Optimization Study for the Bow Form of High-Speed Displacement Catamarans
Authors: Danisman D.Bülent , Gören Ömer , Insel Mustafa , Atlar Mehmet 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Interest in high-speed marine transportation has acquired a wide variety of hydrodynamic research activities on catamarans, including shape optimization for minimum total resistance. This study attempts to utilize the mathematical programming in optimizing the bow form of twin hulls for minimum total resistance as well as in analyzing the optimization by physical model tests. The total resistance is assumed to be composed of wave-making and frictional components, which are formulated using Michell's thin-ship theory and ITTC-1957 friction line, respectively. The optimized hull form is analyzed by means of a computational flow solver before going through the experimental analysis. The study demonstrates the capabilities of the optimization procedure, presented for catamarans, in reducing the total resistance, as well as its limitations to be used as a design tool in a relatively high-speed zone.
Guided Mobile Learning for English Language Teaching: The Teachers’ Perspective
Authors: Kamal A. N. A. , Azlan M. A. K. , Ng S. F. , Manion A. 
Published: January 2021

Aims: This study evaluates teachers' perspectives on the integration of guided mobile learning through the Mobile Intervention Module (MIM) in English language teaching. As previous studies suggested that there are conflicting views among scholars with regards to mobile usage in classroom learning, this paper attempts to address scholars' concerns by suggesting English language teachers' opinions on the possibility of having practical guided mobile learning activities to complement the course contents.
Study Design: This study adopts a qualitative approach.
Place and Duration of Study: Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia, between February 2019 to July 2019.
Methodology: Interview sessions are conducted among four language instructors to see how they perceive the effectiveness of guided mobile learning intervention towards teaching and learning. Content Analysis is later adopted to analyse the interview data where specific themes are derived. The concept of MIM that incorporates appropriate web learning tools is developed and explained. MIM functions as a comprehensive guide that matches the course contents to the most appropriate web learning tools.
Results: The results show that all instructors perceive guided mobile learning through the MIM positively. This study implicates that guided mobile learning could be useful in facilitating the teaching approach shift from conventional to technology-assisted, enabling the integration of interactive activities in learning, developing specific language skills and enhancing engagement. It should also be noted that there may be some adaptation barriers of mobile learning that can hinder learning process.
Conclusion: While it is recommended that mobile learning is integrated with lessons, to achieve effective results, however, as suggested in the findings of this study, it has to be guided, thus a proper module that links the syllabus to the mobile apps needs to be created.
Effect of 390 nm Light on Surface Microbes of Cut Carrots
Authors: Mishra Alka , Chakraborty Subir Kumar , Tripathi Manoj Kumar 
Published: January 2021

Aims: To reduce the microbial load on cut-carrot surface using 390 nm Light Emiting Diode ( LED) illumination
Place and Duration of Study: Agro-Produce Processing Division, ICAR Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, India between August, 2017 to November, 2019
Methodology: Samples were collected from local market from India and LED treatment was given to samples and microbial analysis was conducted using spread plate method.
Results: The effect of 390 nm LEDs on cut-carrot surface has been evaluated in this study. The effect of dosage was found significant (p<0.05) for reducing bacterial and fungal load. Significant bacterial and fungal reduction was observed from 20 min of treatment till 3 h. Maximum inactivation of 28.4 % of bacteria and 24.1 % of fungus were detected at 3 h of exposure. These results demonstrated the potential of 390 nm LEDs as surface decontamination technology for cut-fruits and vegetables.
Conclusion: 390 nm LED illumination can be a suitable and eco-friendly novel technology for surface decontamination of cut fruits and vegetables in the food industry.
Development of Mass – Size Particle Reduction Operations Postulates Using Empirical – Analytical Approaches
Authors: Orua O. Antia, 
Published: January 2021

Aims: This paper attempts to utilize empirical and analytical approaches to develop equations and postulates for energy and power requirement in mass – size reduction operations.
Study Design: The study is based on a combination of analytical approach and empirically existing energy model obtained in a study of milling palm nut shells into fragments using static nut cracker.
Place and Duration of Study: The empirical model used in this study was developed in 2014 in the University of Benin, Nigeria and the analytical approach employed for the study to obtain mass – size particle reduction models and postulates were achieved in September, 2020 in the University of Uyo, Nigeria.
Methodology: In this task, the crushing efficiency, mechanical efficiency, energy and power requirements were considered based on fundamental principles coupled with the usage of the empirically developed minimum energy model for mass –size reduction operations.
Results: The Equations (59), (60), (61), (62) and (63) were developed. Equations (59), (60) and (62) are in the form of bond’s energy equation but may differ in the value of the constant. This may be because the properties (density, thickness or diameter of the particle) of material and machine efficiency might easily be obtained and used to evaluate; and likely achieved an improved assessment of mass – size reduction of a given material.
Conclusion: Further analysis has led to the development of postulates presented in the conclusion part of this paper which may govern the mass – size reduction operations of particle.
The Role of Micro Finance Institutions on the Development of Micro Enterprises (MEs) in Sri Lanka
Authors: Rajapakshe Wasantha 
Published: January 2021

Aim: The study investigates the impact of microfinance practices on the growth of micro-enterprises (MEs) concerning the Central Province, Sri Lanka. It has been discovered that the growth of microbusinesses is dependent on gender, age, education level and nature of the industry.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Multinomial Logistic Regression models was applied in this study. Multinomial logistic regression is frequently used for the analysis of categorical response data with continuous or categorical explanatory variables. Parameter estimates are usually obtained through direct maximum likelihood estimation. Two models were used to test the hypothesis concerning the three practices, micro-credit, training and advisory services. Primary data were obtained from 200 registered microenterprises (ME) owners in the Central Province through convenience sampling methods. Data collection was conducted using a self-structured questionnaire.
Results and Conclusion: According to the results, microfinance practices have a significant relationship with the development of MEs, while Microcredit and advisory services have a significant impact on the development of MEs. Training programmes have not significantly impacted on the development of MEs. The research concludes that microfinance as a whole educates and helps to develop micro financed micro-scale enterprise businesses and positively impact those families in the Central Province, Sri Lanka.
Research limitations/implications: Data were limited to select only one province in Sri Lanka out of nine using a self-structured questionnaire. Also considering the response rate and sample size, there are limitations to generalize the findings. This research was restricted to three variables micro-credit; Training and Advisory services impact of other factors that can influence the growth of MEs did not fall under the scope of this study.
Originality and Value: The impact of microfinance practices on MEs growth in Central Province in Sri Lanka is an under-researched area of study. The findings of this study can act as a guideline in the future for decision-makers to identify factors that influence more on MEs development.
A preliminary investigation of re‐evaluating the irradiation dose in hepatocellular carcinoma radiotherapy applying 4D CT and deformable registration
Authors: Xu Hua , Gong Guanzhong , Yin Yong , Liu Tonghai 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effect of breathing motion on dose distribution for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients using four‐dimensional (4D) CT and deformable registration.MethodsFifty HCC patients who were going to receive radiotherapy were enrolled in this study. All patients had been treated with transarterial chemoembolization beforehand. Three‐dimensional (3D) and 4D CT scans in free breathing were acquired sequentially. Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) was planned on the 3D CT images and maximum intensity projection (MIP) images. Thus, the 3D dose (Dose‐3D) and MIP dose (Dose‐MIP) were obtained, respectively. Then, the Dose‐3D and Dose‐MIP were recalculated on 10 phases of 4D CT images, respectively, in which the end‐inhale and end‐exhale phase doses were defined as Dose‐3D‐EI, Dose‐3D‐EE, Dose‐MIP‐EI, and Dose‐MIP‐EE. The 4D dose (Dose‐4D‐3D and Dose‐4D‐MIP) were obtained by deforming 10 phase doses to the end‐exhale CT to accumulate. The dosimetric difference in Dose‐3D, Dose‐EI3D, Dose‐EE3D, Dose‐4D‐3D, Dose‐MIP, Dose‐EIMIP, Dose‐EEMIP, and Dose‐4D‐MIP were compared to evaluate the motion effect on dose delivery to the planning target volume (PTV) and normal liver.ResultsCompared with Dose‐3D, PTV D99 in Dose‐EI3D, Dose‐EE3D and Dose‐4D‐3D decreased by an average of 6.02%, 1.32%, 2.43%, respectively (P < 0.05); while PTV D95 decreased by an average of 3.34%, 1.51%, 1.93%, respectively (P < 0.05). However, CI and HI of the PTV in Dose‐3D was superior to the other three distributions (P < 0.05). There was no significant differences for the PTV between Dose‐EI and Dose‐EE, and between the two extreme phase doses and Dose‐4D (P> 0.05). Negligible difference was observed for normal liver in all dose distributions (P> 0.05).ConclusionsFour‐dimensional dose calculations potentially ensure target volume coverage when breathing motion may affect the dose distribution. Dose escalation can be considered to improve the local control of HCC on the basis of accurately predicting the probability of radiation‐induced liver disease.
High‐Throughput Dielectrophoretic Trapping and Detection of DNA Origami
Authors: Ghomian Taher , Jeong Hyunhak , Pan Victor , Celik Kubra , Alangari Mashari , Ke Yonggang , Hihath Joshua 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAccurate control over the location of nanostructured materials for studying their electronic properties is important for the development of useful electronic devices. Dielectrophoresis is a unique method for trapping non‐symmetric nanostructured materials between two electrodes in a specific direction. However, this method has traditionally suffered from a costly and slow fabrication process as well as low efficiency when trapping high‐impedance nanomaterials. In this work, a dielectrophoretic device addressing the mentioned problems, is reported. First, a photolithography‐based fabrication process achieves high throughput and low‐cost devices with nanostructured contacts for attaching nanomaterials. Second, trapping of high‐impedance nanomaterials is controlled using a scalable‐electronic circuit that measures the capacitance variation at the trap location to identify when the nanomaterials of interest are attached to the electrode. As a primary target of interest, the trapping of 1D deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) origamis is demonstrated. It is shown that a capacitance change in the range of 18% to 60% guarantees the presence of a single or a few DNA origamis in the trap location well‐aligned with nanoelectrodes. Fluorescent, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy images demonstrate the presence of DNA origamis in the trap location with the correct orientation.
Feeling the flow with a serious game workshop: GridlockED as Medical Education 2 study (GAME2 study)
Authors: Hale Stephen J. , Wakeling Sonja , Bhalerao Anuja , Balakumaran Janatani , Huang Simon , Mondoux Shawn , Blain J. Bruce , Chan Teresa M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveGridlockED gameplay workshops were delivered in Canada. This project investigated workshop attendees’ experiences, seeking to identify learning points to inform improvement of the workshop.MethodsGridlockED sessions were held through 2018 and 2019. Workshops targeted medical trainees. After a standardized video, learners played for approximately 90 minutes. Learners completed a postgameplay survey with 7‐point Likert scale questions about their experience.ResultsSeventy‐two participants responded to our survey (41 medical students, 13 physician assistant students, 12 emergency medicine residents, and six faculty members). Trainees rated GridlockED as both enjoyable and a meaningful educational experience, with a mean (±SD) rating of 6.53 (±0.96) of 7 for enjoyment and 6.17 (±1.13) for education. Attendees identified teamwork and communication (49%) as the most helpful learning domain, with patient flow (43%) being second and basics of how the ED worked (31%) being third. The respondents self‐identified top areas of learning as resource management (38.9%), improved understanding of various provider roles in the ED (33%), and improved communication skills (33%).ConclusionMedical learners identified GridlockED to be an educational and enjoyable learning experience. Attendees reported that playing this serious game assisted with learning about health systems and communication.
Association of day of the week with mortality after elective right hemicolectomy for colon cancer: Case analysis from the National Clinical Database
Authors: Maeda Hiromichi , Endo Hideki , Ichihara Nao , Miyata Hiroaki , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Kamiya Kinji , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Seto Yasuyuki , Yamaue Hiroki , Yamamoto Masakazu , Kitagawa Yuko , Uemura Sunao , Hanazaki Kazuhiro 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimWe aimed to investigate whether later weekdays are related to worse short‐term outcomes after elective right hemicolectomy for colon cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed adult patients who underwent elective right hemicolectomy for colon cancer between 2012 and 2017. Records lacking details about surgical mortality were excluded, and multiple imputation was performed for other missing data (variables). The primary endpoint was surgical mortality, defined as the sum of 30‐day mortality and in‐hospital deaths within 90 days postoperatively. Using 22 clinical variables, hierarchal logistic regression modeling with clustering of patients from the same institutes was performed.ResultsOf the 112 658 patients undergoing elective right hemicolectomy for colon cancer, the 30‐day mortality and surgical mortality were 0.6% and 1.1%, respectively. Surgery on Friday was less frequent, accounting for 17.1% of all cases. The occurrence of severe postoperative complications, anastomotic leakage, or unadjusted odds ratio for surgical mortality did not show significant differences between weekdays. A hierarchal logistic regression model identified 19 independent factors for surgical mortality. Adjusted odds ratios for surgical mortality were 1.01 (95% confidence interval: 0.83‐1.22, P = .915), 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.71‐1.05, P = .144), 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.71‐1.05, P = .408), and 0.83 (95% confidence interval: 0.68‐1.03, P = .176) for Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, respectively, showing no significant differences.ConclusionThis study did not identify an evident difference in surgical mortality between weekdays; a safe elective right hemicolectomy for colon cancer is being offered throughout the week in Japan.
Self‐assembling bile pigments for cancer diagnosis and therapy
Authors: Chen Kaiwei , Xing Ruirui , Yan Xuehai 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNanomaterials that integrate multiple functions provide promising opportunities for noninvasive and targeted cancer diagnosis and therapy. However, the unclear metabolic pathway to nanomaterials brought difficulties to clinical application. Self‐assembling bile pigments are endogenous functional materials with excellent biocompatibility and low toxicity. Functional materials based on endogenous bile pigments provide a decent solution to this dilemma. In this review, the features and functions of self‐assembling bile pigments are discussed in detail for cancer diagnosis and treatment applications. Emphases are put on the intrinsic physicochemical characteristics of bile pigments and their applications, including drug delivery, photoacoustic imaging, photothermal therapy, and anti‐inflammation therapy. This review will promote the exploration of these areas and tremendously realize the innovative applications of self‐assembling biliverdin /bilirubin nanomaterials toward cancer diagnosis and therapy.
Pure‐silica MFI zeolite membrane by cooperative templating approach for ethanol‐water separation
Authors: Lan Jiancheng , Li Linzhe , Song Wensen , Saulat Hammad , Wu Haowen , Yang Jianhua , Yang Chengmin , Li Yang , Lu Jinming , Zhang Yan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPure‐silica MFI zeolite membrane composed of intergrown four prism crystals was fabricated by using tetrabutylammonium (TBA+) and tetraethylammonium (TEA+) as cooperating templates and the induced function of MFI seeds under synthesis solution with molar composition of 1TEOS:0.2TBAOH:0.2TEABr:180H2O. The ethanol/water separation factor was 64 with a flux of 1.40 kg m−2 hr−1 for 5 wt% ethanol/water mixture at 60°C. In contrast, single TBAOH and TEAOH template led to formation of uncontinuous MEL and MFI membrane respectively, without ethanol‐selectivity. The behavior of quaternary ammonium (TBA+ and TEA+) varied in different system: (a) In “TBA++ TEA+” system, TBA+ and TEA+ were incorporated into MFI zeolite channel simultaneously; (b) In “TPA++ M+” system (M = TEA or TBA), either TEA+ or TBA+ could not be occluded into channel, however, appropriate amount of TBA+ could accelerate membrane crystallization, meanwhile increase in TEA+ slowed down crystallization rate of MFI membrane. This work extends the alternative preparation approaches of ethanol perm‐selective MFI membrane.
Analytic expressions for the isosteric heat of adsorption from adsorption isotherm models and two‐dimensional SAFT‐VR equation of state
Authors: Siperstein Flor R. , Avendaño Carlos , Ortiz Jordan J. , Gil‐Villegas Alejandro 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe isosteric heat of adsorption is an important thermodynamic property used to characterize and optimize adsorption processes. In this work, analytic expressions for isosteric heats of adsorption are derived for a collection of commonly used isotherm models and a two‐dimensional molecular equation of state based on the SAFT‐VR approach. The use of these expressions is presented with an example of adsorption of nitrous oxide, N2O, on biochar, which is a waste biomass charcoal that exhibits high adsorption potential. The results show that accurate fitting of the adsorption isotherms leads to consistent results obtained with different approaches; however, the predicted isosteric heat of adsorption exhibits strong variations in the regions where experimental data is insufficient such in the region of low pressure/low coverage. Convergence on the prediction of the isosteric heat of adsorption by the different models is only observed in the region where no extrapolation of experimental data is needed.
True nectar or stigmatic secretion? Structural evidence elucidates an old controversy regarding nectaries in Anthurium
Authors: Paiva Élder Antônio Sousa , Ballego‐Campos Igor , Gibernau Marc 
Published: January 2021

PremiseFloral rewards are essential in understanding floral function and evolution of the relationships between flowers and pollinators. Whether sugars are present in stigmatic exudates in Anthurium and whether it has floral nectaries have remained controversial because of the scarcity of structural studies. To solve these questions, we investigated the floral anatomy of A. andraeanum to elucidate whether (1) tepals are secretory organs, (2) tepals possess a structurally recognizable nectary, and (3) tepalar secretion differs from stigmatic secretion.MethodsFloral structure was assessed through light and electron microscopy of samples of immature, pistillate, and staminate flowers. The dynamics of the starch reserve was investigated using histochemical tests, and the sugar content in the floral exudates was assessed using thin‐layer chromatography.ResultsSugar analysis did not detect sucrose, glucose, or fructose in stigmatic secretions, but confirmed their presence in tepalar secretions. Stigmatic secretion was produced by secretory stigmatic papillae; tepalar exudates were produced by nonvascularized nectaries in the apex of tepals. These nectaries were characterized by modified stomata and cells with cytoplasm rich in organelles, and a high content of calcium oxalate crystals.ConclusionsOur results showed for the first time nectaries on tepals and true nectar secretion for A. andraeanum. Stigmatic secretion appears to be a distinct substance, and its often‐reported sugar content seems to be a result of sample contamination. Nectar and stigmatic secretions have been often mistaken in other Anthurium species and deserve a revision for this genus.
Sequential One‐pot Method for the Synthesis of 4‐(Hydroxymethyl)oxazoles and their Application in Phosphonates Synthesis
Authors: Kajol Km , Ramesh Chintakunta 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA sequential one‐pot method for the synthesis of 4‐(hydroxymethyl)oxazoles from readily available benzamides has been developed. Various substituted benzamides well‐tolerated and furnished 4‐(hydroxymethyl)oxazoles in moderate to good yields under the present reaction conditions. In order to demonstrate the usefulness of the present methodology, the resulting 4‐(hydroxymethyl)oxazoles were successfully transformed into its corresponding phosphonates under Michaelis‐Arbuzov reaction conditions. This methodology features a broad substrate scope, step economy, ease of execution, and scalability.
Research progress on the structure and function of endomucin
Authors: Zhang Guoxin , Yang Xingjiu , Gao Ran 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEndomucin is a type I integral membrane glycoprotein, which is expressed in venous and capillary endothelial cells. It consists of 261 amino acids with an extracellular domain that is highly O‐glycosylated at serine and threonine residues and has several potential N‐glycosylation sites. Endomucin plays an important role in biological processes such as cell interaction, molecular cell signaling, angiogenesis and cell migration, and in recent years it has also been identified as an anti‐adhesion molecule and a marker of endothelial cells. While it has been shown to be involved in a number of physiological and pathological mechanisms, many of its functions remain unknown, and further study is needed. This article reviews research progress on the function of endomucin to date, in order to provide guidance for future studies.