bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased Infectious Risk Donor Status and Equity‐Relevant Predictors of Organ Donation Organization Approach and Caregiver Consent for Deceased Organ Donation in a Canadian Province (2015–2021)
Authors: Leeies Murdoch , Doucette Karen , Dufault Brenden , Carta Tricia , Mooney Owen , Hrymak Carmen , Balzer Nicolette , Borys Ben , El‐Salakawy Yasmine , Ragheb Mirna , Xie Davie , Christie Emily , Collister David , Weiss Matthew J. , Dhanani Sonny , Ho Julie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundCurrent donor risk assessments to identify risk of infectious transmission through transplantation have been criticized as unnecessarily discriminatory for sexual and gender minorities. Little is known about how increased infectious risk donor (IIRD) patients transition through the deceased donation system. We sought to evaluate how IIRD status and other equity‐relevant identities impacted the likelihood of a caregiver of a deceased donor being approached for organ donation and the likelihood of caregiver consent.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study of potential deceased donors referred to a Canadian provincial organ donation organization (ODO) from 2015 to 2021. Our primary outcome is the difference in the likelihood of being approached by the ODO for organ donation for IIRDs compared to baseline risk donors, amongst referred potential deceased organ donors. Secondary outcomes include the difference in caregiver consent for donation for IIRDs compared to baseline risk donors, amongst approached deceased organ donors. We built multivariable logistic regression models to evaluate these outcomes.ResultsAmongst all referred potential deceased organ donors, IIRD status did not impact the likelihood of being approached by our ODO for deceased organ donation compared to baseline risk donors (OR 1.695, 95% CI 0.902–3.197). Amongst approached deceased organ donors, there was no significant difference in caregiver consent for donation between IIRD and baseline risk donors (OR 1.854, 95% CI 0.902–3.929). Approached eligible IIRDs were younger with fewer comorbidities, lower KDPI scores, were more likely to have died from anoxic brain injuries and have death determined by neurologic criteria, and more likely to have non‐medical injection drug use than baseline risk donors. There were no cases of donor‐derived human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or hepatitis B virus (HBV) reported for any donors included, regardless of IIRD status, during the study period.ConclusionsWe found no significant difference in the likelihood of ODO approach in IIRDs compared to baseline risk donors. There was no difference in caregiver consent for donation in IIRDs compared to baseline risk donors. A greater proportion of IIRDs became successful donors compared to baseline risk donors.
The Role of Chronotypes and Perceived Stress on Sleep Quality in Undergraduates in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Ren‐Rong , Syu Jia‐Yin , Chen Jeff Chien‐Ta , Fetzer Sue Jane , Lin Esther Ching‐Lan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionChronotypes and perceived stress can predict psychiatric symptoms and affect sleep quality, though the relationships between these factors are not completely described. This study explores the influence of chronotypes and perceived stress on sleep quality among undergraduates.MethodsAn online survey was administered to a convenience sample of 110 undergraduates aged 18–23 years (mean age 20.32 ± 1.00) at a university in southern Taiwan, predominantly women and senior students. Three self‐reporting instruments were used: the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to investigate the influence of chronotype and perceived stress on sleep quality in undergraduates.ResultsSixty‐one per cent of the respondents were poor‐quality sleepers. Moreover, 85.5% of the respondents were classified as “neither” chronotype, whereas 13.6% were “evening” chronotype. Sleep quality was associated with both chronotype and perceived stress level (r = 0.41, 0.43, p < 0.01). Multiple regression revealed higher MCTQ scores (continuous or categorical) and higher perceived stress were significantly associated with poorer sleep quality, explaining approximately 30% of the variance (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe findings of this study showed evening‐type undergraduates with higher perceived stress exhibited poorer sleep quality. Highlight the importance of considering chronotype in health promotion among individuals transitioning to adulthood. Early interventions may help align an individual's chronotype with their external time schedule, mitigate the negative impacts of misaligned later chronotypes, enhance sleep quality, and help to manage perceived stress levels in undergraduates.
Theory Into Practice in Teacher Education: Applying Engaging Pedagogies in the Arab EFL Classroom
Authors: Hayik Rawia 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPhotoVoice invites students to capture photos of concerning issues, elaborate on them in writing, and share the photos and written accounts with the community, hoping for change. Inspired by critical pedagogy, it challenges teaching English as a set of linguistic skills/standards detached from students' life challenges. As a teacher‐educator and pedagogical advisor, I invited 18 Palestinian‐Israeli third‐year English studentteachers to implement ‘PhotoVoice’ in their English practice‐teaching contexts. They worked with small groups of school children on the PhotoVoice projects and reflected on the whole process in their portfolios. Thematic analysis of their reflections illuminated that the process was emotionally charged and changed their views of themselves as teachers. This innovative method for improving literacy skills while promoting change has significant implications for practitioners and policymakers, underscoring the need for fostering a more engaging approach to language education that connects literacy teaching with social action. It is especially important for minoritized students who are often offered limited opportunities to experience empowering pedagogies.
Characterisation and Profiling of Standard Atopic Dermatitis Therapies in a Chronic Dermatitis Murine Model Induced by Oxazolone
Authors: Calama Elena , Blanco Ana I. , Trincado Juan L. , Nueda Arsenio , Gil Félix , Aniorte Gloria , Godessart Nuria , Gavaldà Amadeu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disorder characterised by hypersensitivity to allergens, eczematous lesions and pruritus. The aim of this study was to comprehensively characterise a murine model of dermatitis and assess the similarity with the human disease, as well as to profile clinically relevant AD therapies. Four repeated topical administrations of oxazolone in the auricular skin of sensitised mice induced morphological features compatible with AD, including redness and swelling, as well as histological changes typical of spongiotic (eczematous) dermatitis and increased plasmatic IgE. Additionally, key driver Type 2 cytokines involved in the pathophysiology of the disease, IL‐4, IL‐13 and IL − 31, were upregulated in the skin, along with cytokines related to Type 1, 17 and 22 responses, which have been reported to be relevant in the chronic stages of the disease. RNA‐seq studies in OXA model mice samples validate expression changes obtained by q‐PCR and suggest a greater significant similarity with the transcriptomic signature of human AD with respect to psoriasis studies. Oral (cyclosporine, prednisolone and baricitinib) and topical treatments (betamethasone, tacrolimus and crisaborole) were effective inhibiting the induced pathology, as well as modulating the cytokine gene signature of AD. In conclusion, our 4 oxazolone challenges model recapitulates many of the key features of the disease and is responsive to AD standard of care therapies in humans.
The Dynamics of Looking and Smiling Differ for Young Infants at Elevated Likelihood for ASD
Authors: Yurkovic‐Harding Julia , Bradshaw Jessica 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSocial smiling is the earliest gained social communication skill, emerging around 2 months of age. From 2 to 6‐months, infants primarily smile in response to caregivers. After 6 months, infants coordinate social smiles with other social cues to initiate interactions with the caregiver. Social smiling is reduced in older infants with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but has rarely been studied before 6 months of life. The current study therefore aimed to understand the component parts of infant social smiles, namely look to caregiver and smile, during face‐to‐face interactions in 3 and 4‐month‐old infants at elevated (EL) and low likelihood (LL) for ASD. We found that EL and LL infants looked to their caregiver and smiled for similar amounts of time and at similar rates, suggesting that social smiling manifests similarly in both groups. A nuanced difference between groups emerged when considering temporal dynamics of looking and smiling. Specifically, 3‐month‐old EL infants demonstrated extended looking to the caregiver after smile offset. These findings suggest that social smiling is largely typical in EL infants in early infancy, with subtle differences in temporal coupling. Future research is needed to understand the full magnitude of these differences and their implications for social development.
Strong Source and Fluent Flow May Increase Grain Weight and Yield in Water‐Saving and Drought‐Resistance Rice: A 5‐Year Field Study
Authors: Liu Kun , Zhao Hong , Hou Dangping , Wang Chenyu , Li Zhikang , Cui Jiarong , Zhang Yu , Zhang Yiying , Ren Li , Huang Jian , Zhang Jingli , Huang Jingyan , Li Shouguo , Chu Yunxia , Chen Hairong , Deng Shan , Han Ruixi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWater‐saving and drought‐resistance rice (WDR) is a new type of cultivated rice, which not only has the characteristics of high yield and quality of rice, but also has the properties of water‐saving and drought‐resistance of upland rice. However, the source, flow and sink basis of its high yield were still unclear. It was of great significance for the breeding of high‐yielding WDR varieties and cultivation regulation to clarify the characteristics of the source, flow, and sink of WDR yield formation and its regulation effects. In this study, WDR varieties (more than 20) with three groups of different grain weight types: small grain weight type (SGWT, grain weight < 22.5 mg), medium grain weight type (MGWT, 22.5 mg < grain weight < 25 mg) and large grain weight type (LGWT, grain weight > 25 mg), were selected as materials. The contribution of grain weight to the yield, the changes of source (flag leaf length and width), flow (stem length and diameter), and sink (grain length and width) and the regulation effects of grain fertiliser application rate (GFAR) on grain weight in WDR were studied through a 5‐year field cultivation. The results showed that (1) the average yield of LGWT was significantly higher than that of SGWT and MGWT varieties, with an increase of 5.23%–9.88% and 2.06%–3.08%, respectively. Larger grain weight was the primary feature of high‐yielding WDR varieties. (2) There was a significant positive correlation between grain weight and, flag leaf width (source) and stem diameter (flow) at the middle grain filling stage (25 days after heading) (r = 0.467*–0.688**). (3) Compared with no GFAR treatment, the applying GFAR treatments (GFAR at 25 and 50 kg ha−1) increased the stem diameter, flag leaf width, grain weight and yield of Huhan1505 (SGWT), Huhan1517 (MGWT) and Hanyou756 (LGWT) to varying degrees, and the increase of SGWT was greater. Larger flag leaf width (strong source) and wider stem diameter (fluent flow) were material foundation for high yield of WDR. Promoting source strength and smooth flow at the middle grain filling stage was conducive to promoting the increase of grain weight and yield of WDR.
Senior Registered Nurses' Organisational Communication Satisfaction, Job Satisfaction, Burnout, and Intention to Stay: A Cross‐Sectional Study of Two Healthcare Groups
Authors: Doleman Gemma , Nosaka Kaoru , De Leo Annemarie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo explore organisational communication satisfaction and its impact on senior registered nurses' job satisfaction, burnout, and intention to stay.DesignA cross‐sectional design using surveys. The study was conducted with senior registered nurses across two healthcare groups in Western Australia.ResultsOne hundred seventy‐four usable surveys were returned. The results of this study indicated that those with higher communication satisfaction levels were more likely to have higher levels of job satisfaction. Senior registered nurses who intended to leave their jobs had a higher risk of emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation, which may result in higher rates of burnout compared to those who intended to stay. The open‐ended questions were analysed with four overarching themes being identified: information needs, optimising communication, job satisfaction, retention, and attrition.ConclusionThe findings of this study provide insight into senior registered nurses' perception of communication and the impact that this has on job satisfaction, burnout, and intention to stay. It is recommended that organisations explore strategies to support the senior registered nurse cohort to improve job satisfaction, reduce burnout levels, and improve retention rates.Implications for the Nursing ProfessionSenior registered nurses are considered integral to the delivery of healthcare services and, the provision of positive practice environments. Their success is measured by nurse and patient outcomes. When senior registered nurses intend to leave their roles the practice environment is disrupted resulting in an increase in frontline nurse turnover and negative patient outcomes, which increases the costs of care provision. Therefore, it is vital to support this cohort to improve retention of the senior and experienced workforce and to assist with the creation of positive practice environments that promote clinical nurse retention and successful transition of newly qualified nurses into the profession.Reporting MethodSTROBE.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Japan Diabetes Complications Study: Revisiting one of the first large‐scale clinical studies in East Asians with diabetes
Authors: Sone Hirohito , Horikawa Chika , Tanaka‐Mizuno Sachiko , Kawasaki Ryo , Fujihara Kazuya , Moriya Tatsumi , Araki Atsushi , Tanaka Shiro , Akanuma Yasuo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis review highlights the significance of the Japan Diabetes Complications Study (JDCS), one of the earliest large‐scale studies of people with type 2 diabetes outside Europe and the United States, in understanding type 2 diabetes mellitus among East Asian populations, particularly in Japan. Historically, large‐scale clinical studies on type 2 diabetes mellitus have predominantly focused on Western populations, despite East Asians comprising the largest proportion of diabetic patients globally. The JDCS, which was initiated in 1996, enrolled 2,033 Japanese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. It aimed to evaluate the effects of intensive lifestyle interventions on diabetic complications. The study demonstrated that lifestyle‐focused interventions significantly reduced the risk of stroke and other complications compared to conventional treatment. Key findings of its sub‐analyses include the unique characteristics of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, such as their lower body mass index (BMI) compared to Western counterparts and a stronger association between even modest BMI increases and beta cell dysfunction. Additionally, the JDCS provided insights into the risk factors for nephropathy, retinopathy, and macrovascular complications, emphasizing the importance of controlling blood pressure, glycemia, and lifestyle factors. The study also explored the impact of diet, exercise, and mental health on diabetic outcomes, revealing the protective effects of physical activity and a balanced diet, while highlighting the risks associated with high salt intake and depression. A risk prediction model tailored to Japanese patients was also developed. Overall, this study made a significant contribution to the evidence‐based management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in East Asia.
Pimelodus maculatus abundance in the tailrace of the Machadinho hydroelectric power plant during drought conditions
Authors: Bernardes Junior Jurandir Joaquim , Pedron Janaína dos Santos , Guereschi Renata Maria , Dias Rafael José Gonçalves , Nuñer Alex Pires de Oliveira 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFish presence in tailraces is a remarkable management concern in operating hydroelectric power plants (HPP) in Brazilian rivers. Fish get blocked during upstream migration for spawning, and large shoals can last for days in the tailrace; however, the circumstances that attract fish throughout the year to this region are uncertain, especially during drought conditions. To unravel this uncertainty, we modeled the relationship between Pimelodus maculatus abundance and environmental and operational variables (N = 26) in monthly fishing campaigns at the Machadinho HPP (N = 18). A generalized additive model was fitted to fish abundance in which water conductivity, 30‐day accumulated precipitation, reservoir inflow, and seasonality explained 93% of the deviance. It was found that abundance decreased as water conductivity increased, but abundance was higher in summer. However, winter showed the highest abundance in the entire rainfall range with peaks between 130 and 150 mm and above 250 mm. An increase in reservoir inflow decreased fish abundance. During droughts, our findings suggest that the powerhouse foundations, particularly the draft tube, may serve as refugia to P. maculatus.
Tea Consumption and Long‐Term Mortality in Very Elderly Individuals With or Without Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease: Findings From a Sample of 19664 Chinese
Authors: Liao Guang‐zhi , Luo Man‐qing , Zhao Xue‐mei , Huang Bo‐ping , Zhang Yu‐hui , Zhang Jian 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe association between tea consumption and mortality among very elderly individuals, with or without cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCD), including stroke, remains unclear. This study hypothesised that a significant association exists.MethodsWe analysed data from two waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), spanning 1998/2000 to 2018, with a maximum follow‐up of 20 years. Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to examine the association between tea consumption and all‐cause mortality among the oldest old ( ≥ 80 years) with or without CCD. Participants were categorised based on the frequency of tea consumption (rare, occasional or regular) at the time of the survey and around the age of 60.ResultsDue to violations of the proportional hazards assumption, Cox model results were reliable only for the first 8 years of follow‐up. Among 19,664 elderly participants, frequent tea consumption was associated with a lower mortality risk during the initial 8 years (adjusted HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89–0.97) compared to never or rare tea consumption. However, this association diminished over the full 20‐year follow‐up. The significant association was observed only in participants who also reported frequent tea consumption around the age of 60 (adjusted HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.85–0.95). No significant interaction was found between pre‐existing CCD and the 8‐year effect of tea consumption (P for interaction > 0.05).ConclusionAmong very elderly Chinese individuals, frequent tea consumption was associated with reduced mortality over the short term, particularly in those who maintained this habit throughout life. No significant interaction effect was observed between pre‐existing CCD and the mortality benefits of tea consumption.
Increased sampling reveals the complex evolution of sauropod dinosaur tooth replacement rates
Authors: D'Emic Michael D. , Finch Stephen P. , Britt Brooks B. , Wilson Mantilla Jeffrey A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUnlike most herbivores, sauropod dinosaurs evolved simple teeth that were replaced rapidly. Sauropod craniodental morphology is conserved relative to that of many archosaur clades, but tooth breadth and replacement rate vary substantially. Two neosauropod clades, Titanosauria and Diplodocoidea, independently evolved both narrow‐crowned teeth and high tooth replacement rates among a suite of other convergent features. Brachiosaurids also evolved somewhat narrower‐crowned teeth, but the two brachiosaurids whose tooth replacement rate has been examined to date have low replacement rates. Poor and uneven sampling across Sauropoda limits our understanding of the evolution of tooth replacement rate and related ecological inferences. To better understand the evolution of tooth replacement rate and tooth breadth, we integrated histological and tomographic data to nearly double the number of examined sauropod genera, focusing on improved sampling through the Cretaceous. We provide histological descriptions of the dentine and enamel of two Early Cretaceous taxa, Abydosaurus and Moabosaurus. The former has unusually thin daily increments in its dentine, indicating prolonged tooth formation times. The dentine of the latter is typical of what is observed in most sauropods, but it has enigmatic banding in its enamel. We performed ancestral state reconstruction on a time‐calibrated phylogeny to show that the earliest macronarians and brachiosaurids retain the ancestral sauropod condition of relatively low tooth replacement rates (2–3 months to replace a tooth in each alveolus), whereas diplodocoids evolved much higher rates (2–5 weeks to replace a tooth in each alveolus). Early diverging somphospondylans had a broad range of tooth replacement rates. Broad‐crowned teeth exhibit some correlation with low tooth replacement rates, whereas narrow‐crowned teeth display a more variable relationship with replacement rate.
Size, not phylogeny, explains the morphology of the endosseous labyrinth in the crown clade Crocodylia
Authors: Pochat‐Cottilloux Yohan , Perrichon Gwendal , Hautier Lionel , Rinder Nicolas , Amiot Romain , Raselli Irena , Adrien Jérôme , Lachambre Joël , Fernandez Vincent , Martin Jeremy E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe endosseous labyrinths are associated with several functions, including hearing and spatial orientation. Throughout their evolutionary history, crocodylomorphs have thrived in diverse environments, and the morphology of their endosseous labyrinths has been suggested as a proxy for inferring their lifestyle. However, the relationships between the shape of their endosseous labyrinths and ontogenetic and phylogenetic factors are difficult to interpret and have rarely been investigated in depth previously, particularly in terms of dataset size. Here, we present the most complete dataset to date on the endosseous labyrinths of extant crocodylians, including 111 specimens covering 22 species of different ontogenetic status (from hatchlings to adults). Using 3D geometric morphometrics, we show that allometry constitutes a major contributor of the shape variation of the crocodylian endosseous labyrinths and that the development of this structure is likely linked to the braincase conformation, in all extant genera. We also find a moderate phylogenetic signal, but only without considering the size effect, so it could not be translated into relevant discrete morphological characters. Based on these results, we discuss several remaining problems that prevent the inclusion of fossil forms with highly divergent lifestyles to study how ecological differences shaped the endosseous labyrinths of crocodylomorphs.