bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a health equity journal club to address health care disparities and improve cultural competence among emergency medicine practitioners
Authors: Smith Kristyn J. , Harris Erica M. , Albazzaz Samara , Carter Merle A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHealth care disparities have been magnified by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Only recently has the medical community acknowledged implicit bias and systemic racism as a public health emergency. Graduate medical education has been slow to adopt curricula beyond lecture‐based formats that specifically address social determinants of health (SDOH) and its impact on communities. Curricula addressing unconscious (implicit) biases and their influence on patient care has not been widely adopted. The emergency department (ED) has a unique role in addressing health care disparities. Approximately 69% of emergency medicine residency programs incorporate cultural competency training in their curricula. Most are primarily lecture‐based without a longitudinal component, and gaps exist in content, quality, and expertise of the presenters. Lecture‐based formats may not be best suited to manage the nuanced conversations necessary to dismantle biases and socialized beliefs that result in disparities for marginalized communities. Reporting little or no education in medical school related to SDOH, residents acknowledge that barriers to care exist, but have limited or no knowledge of what those barriers are or how mitigate them. To improve health equity, understanding and competence in caring for culturally and ethnically diverse populations, we developed a monthly, longitudinal, SDOH‐ and cultural competency–based “health equity journal club” (HEJC) for all levels of ED staff. Four educational domains were developed, and specific content within each domain was selected based on predetermined criteria. Content for each session was mapped to the ACGME program and core competency milestone requirements, ACGME Clinical Learning Environment (CLER) mandates, and The Joint Commission's institutional recommendations for culturally competent care. The HEJC series has been successful in reducing barriers to identifying biases in health care; translating literature to clinical care; generating initiatives and interdisciplinary research; and cultivating interest in community health, health advocacy, and public policy.
Identification of a novel TBX5 c.755 + 1 G > A variant and related pathogenesis in a family with Holt–Oram syndrome
Authors: Wang De‐Gang , Dong Xing‐Sheng , Xiong Yi , Li Zhi‐Ming , Xie Ying‐Jun , Liang Shu‐Hua , Huang Tian‐Hua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe proband with congenital heart disease and abnormal thumb was clinically diagnosed as Holt–Oram syndrome (HOS). A novel variant, T‐box transcription factor 5 (TBX5) c.755 + 1 G > A, was identified in the proband via whole exome sequencing and validated using Sanger sequencing. Pedigree analysis and clinical examinations revealed three/seven individuals over three generations within the family, with features suggestive of HOS. Deep amplicon sequencing confirmed that the allele frequencies of the novel variant in the proband (III‐1), her brother (III‐2), and her mother (II‐2) were 50%, 48.3%, and 38.1%, respectively, indicating that III‐1 and III‐2 harbored heterozygous variants, while II‐2 harbored mosaic heterozygous variants. The minigene splicing assay showed that the novel variant affected the normal splicing of exon 7, resulting in the production of abnormal TBX5 transcripts. Reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses revealed that the novel variant upregulated TBX5 expression at the transcriptional and translational levels. Nuclear localization assay demonstrated impaired nuclear localization of the mutant TBX5. Cell viability assay revealed the inhibition of cell activity by the mutant TBX5. Our findings indicate that the novel variant was potentially induced HOS, probably by causing aberrant splicing, reducing the enrichment of nuclear TBX5 protein, and inhibiting cellular proliferation.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrrolidines/Dihydropyrroles: Photochemical Properties of Polysubstituted Pyrroles
Authors: Iddum Satyanarayana , Yang Ding‐Yah , Liou Teau‐Jiuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPolysubstituted pyrrolidines/dihydropyrroles and the corresponding pyrrole derivatives were synthesized via three‐component/pseudo four‐component reaction of chalcone, benzylamine and benzaldehyde, and followed by DDQ oxidation. When exposed to UV light under aerobic conditions, the prepared pyrrole derivatives were found to be light‐sensitive and undergo oxidative ring‐opening reaction to yield the corresponding enamides.
Synthesis, structural characterization, density functional theory calculations, and antimicrobial, anticancer, and antimetastatic properties of nanosized heteroleptic complexes of cocaine/TMEDA with d‐block metal ions
Authors: Abdallah Abanoub Mosaad , Zaki Nadia G. , Mahmoud Walaa H. , El Kerdawy Ahmed M. , Mohamed Gehad G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the field of transition metal chemistry, the development of transition metal‐based drugs for the treatment of diseases such as cancer or microbial infections with minimization of adverse effects and drug resistance constitutes an active area of research. Herein, eight novel nanosized heteroleptic complexes of cocaine/TMEDA with the formula [M(COC)(TMEDA)Cly(OH2)z]nCl·xH2O (M = Cr(III), Mn(II), Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II); COC = cocaine; TMEDA = N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine, y = 1–2; z = 0–1; n = 0–1; and x = 0–2) were synthesized and structurally characterized via elemental analysis, molar conductivity, mass spectrometry, and spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The thermal properties and kinetic thermodynamic parameters of the synthesized complexes were also studied. The geometry and electronic structures were investigated via density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The antiproliferative activity of the complexes on HepG‐2 and MCF‐7 cancer cell lines was quantified via MTT assay. The Fe(III) and Cd(II) complexes exhibited promising cytotoxic activities against the HepG‐2 and MCF‐7 cancer cell lines, respectively, with minimum effect on HFB4 human normal cells. Further molecular mechanistic studies were performed on the Cd(II) complex to inspect its influence on different cancer pathophysiology‐related processes in the MCF‐7 cell line including metastasis, apoptosis, and cellular oxidative stress and on the cellular levels of the human tumor suppressor nuclear proteins p21 and p27. The results revealed that the Cd(II) complex is a promising anticancer agent that acts through several molecular mechanisms with minimum effect on the normal cells and with additional antimetastatic properties. Furthermore, the antibacterial and antifungal activities of the prepared complexes were investigated.
Conservation of transnational species: The tensions between legal requirements and best scientific evidence
Authors: Pinn Eunice H. , Macleod Kelly , Tasker Mark L. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

This paper describes the tensions between the legal requirements for conservation and the most beneficial biological practice for mobile transnational marine species, using the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in European Atlantic waters as a case study.
Harbour porpoise are the smallest and one of the most abundant cetaceans occurring throughout the European continental shelf waters, and are affected by human activities occurring in the same waters, especially certain fishing activities.
The Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (the Bern Convention) and its implementing legislation the Council Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora 92/43/EEC (i.e. the Habitats Directive) are the main legal drivers for species conservation throughout the European Union. They aim for the long‐term achievement of favourable conservation status and make provision for the use of two conservation measures: protected areas and strict protection measures. The strict protection measures aim to ensure that all forms of deliberate killing are prevented, and that where incidental killing and capture occurs, it does not have a negative effect on conservation status.
The conservation of harbour porpoise is currently dependent upon tackling the key issue of bycatch in fisheries. However, in challenges to Member States on their application of the Habitats Directive, the European Commission has chosen to focus on site designation rather than the implementation of the strict protection measures required to monitor and, where necessary, reduce bycatch.
This tension between a legal focus on the designation of protected areas instead of tackling threats such as bycatch has potentially led to negative conservation consequences for harbour porpoise and, in part, may explain why wider marine biodiversity has continued to deteriorate in Europe.
Developing Design Criteria for Emerging Technologies in Ohio
Authors: Patterson Megan E. , Bohrerova Zuzana , Wolfe Timothy A. , Weavers Linda K. 
Published: September 2021

Key TakeawaysPublic water systems in Ohio have been reluctant to introduce new treatment technologies because of the unwieldy nature of current requirements for their approval.Design criteria are in place for approval of conventional treatment technologies; a similar approach could reduce the regulatory barrier for more appropriate or cost‐effective emerging technologies.The Ohio Water Resources Center worked with the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency and Ohio AWWA to develop design criteria for low‐pressure membrane filtration. The criteria provide product‐specific flux values for various feedwater qualities.
Affordability and Equity Considerations for Rate‐Setting
Authors: Rothstein Eric , Berahzer Stacey Isaac , Crea Joe , Matichich Michael 
Published: September 2021

Key TakeawaysHistorically narrow definitions of water service as provision of a metered commodity do not encompass the extent to which all people benefit from access to safe, reliable water. A more expansive definition of water service is warranted.Water utilities are major economic actors and can—and should—play a role in making water universally accessible and affordable in their communities.The industry's existing cost‐of‐service analysis methods for rate‐setting may be tailored to better advance water affordability and equity.
Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory‐II in progressive supranuclear palsy
Authors: Cuoco Sofia , Cappiello Arianna , Abate Filomena , Tepedino Maria Francesca , Erro Roberto , Volpe Giampiero , Pellecchia Maria Teresa , Barone Paolo , Picillo Marina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesDepression is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Yet, few studies have examined the ability of available instruments to detect depressive symptoms in PSP. Aims of the present study were to (I) report psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition (BDI‐II) in PSP, (II) establish the BDI‐II cut‐off indicating the presence of depression in PSP and (III) describe clinical correlates as well as correlation with quality of life of depressive symptoms in PSP.Design, setting and participants: At the Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the University of Salerno, Italy, the BDI‐II was validated in 62 PSP patients diagnosed according to the Movement Disorder Society criteria. Patients underwent a clinical interview, a motor evaluation, extensive cognitive and behavioral testing.ResultsThe mean BDI‐II total score was 15.92 ± 10.31. The internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha = 0.868); corrected item‐total correlation was >0.40 for the majority of items. The significant and moderate correlation of the BDI‐II with other tools evaluating depressive symptoms indicated adequate convergent validity of the scale. The satisfactory cut‐off to identify patients with clinically significant depression was >14.5. We also showed a correlation between higher scores on BDI‐II and lower quality of life, irrespective of motor and cognitive burden.ConclusionIn conclusion, the BDI‐II is a reliable and valid tool for the assessment of depression symptoms in PSP. Such data are useful to standardize studies of depression in PSP and to quantify the effectiveness of any interventions on this disabling symptom.
Reactivity Analysis of New Multivalent Electrophilic Probes for Affinity Labeling of Carbohydrate Binding Proteins
Authors: Kamoshita Shione , Matsui Saho , Suto Nanako , Sakurai Kaori 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe have designed and synthesized six different multivalent electrophiles as carbohydrate affinity labeling probes. Evaluation of the reactivity of the electrophiles against peanut agglutinin (PNA) and Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA) showed that p‐ and m‐aryl sulfonyl fluoride are effective protein reactive groups that label carbohydrate binding lectins in a ligand‐dependent fashion at a nanomolar probe concentration. Analysis of the selectivity of affinity labeling in the presence of excess BSA as a nonspecific protein indicated that m‐arylsulfonyl fluoride is a more selective protein‐reactive group, albeit with attenuated reactivity. Further analysis showed that the labeling efficiency of the multivalent electrophilic probes can be improved by employing reaction conditions involving 25 °C instead of typically employed 4 °C. Both isomers of arylsulfonyl fluoride groups together represent promising affinity labels for target identification studies that could serve as more efficient alternatives to photoreactive groups.
Coexisting posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and ischemic hepatopathy: A case report
Authors: Adetoye Mercy A. , Baumgartner Meredith G. , Rajkotia Kavita , Park Bumsoo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPosterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is acute neurologic symptoms with specific radiologic findings. This unique case shows coexisting PRES with acute liver injury, which could suggest common pathophysiologic process.
Abnormal eosinophils with immature eosinophilic granules in chronic myeloid leukemia in accelerated phase
Authors: Cai Jennifer , Ji Ping , Tomassetti Sarah , Qing Xin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAbnormal eosinophils with immature eosinophilic granules are typically observed in acute myeloid leukemia with inv (16) (p13.1q22) or t (16;16) (p13.1;q22) but can also be seen in chronic myeloid leukemia without inv (16) or t (16;16).
Synergistically Interfaced Bifunctional Transition Metal Selenides for High‐Rate Hydrogen Production Via Urea Electrolysis
Authors: Desalegn Bezawit Z. , Hern Kim , Gil Seo Jeong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe realization of carbon‐neutral energy is regarded a prime challenge as the environment and energy have become two key issues facing modern society. Here, synergistically interfaced transition metal selenides are studied for hydrogen production via urea electrolysis with concurrent environmental treatment. Extremely low overpotentials of 210 mV, 250 mV, and 1.41 V vs. RHE were observed at 100 mA cm−2 for HER, OER and UOR, respectively with a 98.3 % faradaic efficiency. A notably low cell voltage of 1.6 and 1.84 V was required at 200 mA cm−2 for urea and water electrolysis, respectively along with a remarkably stable performance for 4 days. Additionally, A 1.45‐fold increase in H2 production rate was observed for urea electrolysis [26.6 μmol min−1] when compared with water electrolysis [18 μmol min−1] decreasing the power consumption by 37 %. Real human urine electrolysis was conducted with excellent performance requiring a cell voltage of only 1.9 V at 200 mA cm−2, attributed to the synergistic intermediate‐active site interaction, improved charge transfer capability, and slow surface transformation‐induced activation.
Theoretical Calculation into the Structures and MD Simulation of CL‐20/DNDA5 Cocrystal
Authors: Wang Shutao , Hao Yongping , Ba Shuhong , Wang Fei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFor studying the cocrystal cell structure and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of CL‐20/DNDA5 (2,4‐dinitro‐2,4‐dinitropentane), cocrystal construction is predicted on ten kinds of space group of crystal cell. MD simulations are performed at the temperatures of 203, 223, 253, 273, 303, and 323 K. The results show that the cell parameters belonging to P21/C are similar to those of CL‐20/DNDA5 cocrystals which are prepared in the lab. With the decrease of temperature, the energy decreases by about 17.7 kcal mol–1 for every 1 K decrease on average. The radial distribution function shows that the main driving force for the formation of CL‐20/DNDA5 cocrystal is mainly the hydrogen bond formed by H provided by CL‐20 and O provided by DNDA5, the van der Waals force and other hydrogen bonds play an auxiliary role. The Hirshfeld surface analysis shows that the contribution of the CL‐20/DNDA5 O···H to the contact point at Hirshfeld surface is 4.5% higher than that of CL‐20 and the nitro of DNDA5 has the stronger electron donating ability. The morphology of cocrystal growth shows that both the simulated ideal crystal morphology and the single crystal prepared by the experiment belong to prismatic crystal.
The effect of orthodontic treatment on the periodontium and soft tissue esthetics in adult patients
Authors: Abdelhafez Reem S. , Talib Ahmad A. , Al‐Taani Dafi S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveMost patients seek orthodontic treatment to achieve an esthetic outcome. Orthodontic treatment has possible negative sequelae. The aim of this study is to assess these possible effects on the periodontium and tissue esthetics.MethodsOne hundred fifty‐six patients who have completed orthodontic treatment at Jordan University of Science and Technology clinics were recruited. They were divided into extraction and nonextraction subgroups. Another 155 patients never undergoing orthodontic treatment were assessed. The height of papilla, width of keratinized gingiva, gingival recession, degree of tooth display, smile line, crestal bone level, and proximal caries were assessed. Chi‐ square test was used for categorical/discrete variables while independent t‐test was used for continuous variables. The level of significance was set at (p ≤ 0.05).ResultsThe mean age was 22 years with no significant difference between the groups. There was a significant difference between “ortho” and “nonortho” groups in tooth display and keratinized gingiva (p = 0.006 and <0.001, respectively). The overall crestal bone level, smile line, recession, and papilla fill did not show any significant differences (p = 0.200, 0.067, 0.120, and 0.066, respectively). The crestal bone level in the upper and lower anterior segments was significantly lower in the “ortho” treated group compared to the “nonortho” treated group (p = 0.002 and 0.005, respectively). A significant difference between “extraction” and “nonextraction” groups was in the width of keratinized gingiva (p = 0.003) and the number of teeth displayed (p < 0.001). Despite reaching statistical significance these differences are not necessarily of clinical significance.ConclusionOrthodontic treatment clearly affects the periodontal tissues; however, the detrimental effects appear to be minimal. Patients with history of orthodontic treatment might have lower crestal bone levels at certain sites and this should not be confused with periodontal disease.
A high gain noninverting DC–DC converter with low voltage stress for industrial applications
Authors: Ahmad Javed , Siddique Marif Daula , Sarwar Adil , Lin Chang Hua , Iqbal Atif 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA noninverting DC–DC converter with high voltage gain and low voltage stress on the switches for industrial applications is proposed in this research article. The proposed converter has used a voltage multiplier cell twice in the circuit that gives the proposed converter a symmetrical configuration and provides low voltage stress across both the switches. The symmetrical configuration of the proposed converter makes it easier to select the components. The proposed converter provides a voltage gain that is more than three times of the conventional boost converter. A 200‐W hardware prototype of the proposed converter has been developed and tested under continuous conduction for static and dynamic conditions. The power loss analysis is done using PLECS software by incorporating the real parameters of switches and diodes from the datasheet. The converter performance is found to be good in open‐loop conditions and is in agreement with the theoretical analysis.
Optical section structured illumination‐based Förster resonance energy transfer imaging
Authors: Liu Zhi , Luo Zewei , Chen Hongce , Yin Ao , Sun Han , Zhuang Zhengfei , Chen Tongsheng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFörster resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy is an important tool suitable for studying molecular interactions in living cells. Optical section structured illumination microscopy (OS‐SIM), like confocal microscopy, has about 200 nm spatial resolution. In this report, we performed quantitative 3‐cube FRET imaging in OS‐SIM mode and widefield microscopy (WF) mode, respectively, for living cells expressing FRET constructs consisting of Cerulean (C, donor) and Venus (V, acceptor). OS‐SIM images exhibited higher resolution than WF images. Four spectral crosstalk coefficients measured under OS‐SIM mode are consistent with those measured under WF mode. Similarly, the system calibration factors G and k measured under OS‐SIM mode were consistent with those measured under WF mode. The measured FRET efficiency (E) values of C32V and C17V as well as C5V constructs, standard FRET plasmids, in living Hela cells were , and , and the measured acceptor‐to‐donor concentration ratios () were , , and , consistent with the reported values. Collectively, our data demonstrates that OS‐SIM can be integrated into FRET microscopy to build an OS‐SIM‐FRET with confocal microscopy‐like resolution.
Toxic plants—Detection of colchicine in a fast systematic clinical toxicology screening using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Vollmer Aline C. , Wagmann Lea , Meyer Markus R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractColchicum autumnale, which can be mistaken for Allium ursinum, contains the alkaloid colchicine potentially leading to life‐threatening up to fatal intoxications. We report two cases of acute intoxications with unexplained circumstances. Using the authors' systematic screening approaches, colchicine could be detected in blood plasma and urine samples using liquid chromatography coupled to linear ion trap mass spectrometry (LC‐ITMSn) and high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐HRMS/MS). Metabolites of colchicine could be identified in urine for confirmation of screening results. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis was also conducted, but colchicine could not be detected. Furthermore, colchicine concentration was estimated via LC‐HRMS/MS in plasma samples. Results of the systematic screening indicated the ingestion of colchicine from both subjects. In both cases, the parent compound was detected in blood plasma and urine using the LC‐HRMS/MS and LC‐ITMSn system. An O‐demethylation metabolite was identified in urine samples of both subjects using LC‐HRMS/MS; the N‐deacetylation product was also found in urine samples of both cases via LC‐HRMS/MS and LC‐ITMSn. The use of LC‐ITMSn resulted only in the detection of the O‐demethylation product in case 2. Plasma concentrations were estimated at 2.5 ng/ml and 4.7 ng/ml for cases 1 and 2, respectively. We demonstrated the detection of this highly toxic alkaloid in blood plasma and urine using a time‐saving and reliable clinical systematic screening. Furthermore, we identified metabolites of colchicine being rarely discussed in literature, which can be used as additional screening targets.