bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural conservation of WEE1 and its role in cell cycle regulation in plants
Authors: Détain A. , Redecker D. , Leborgne-Castel N. , Ochatt S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe WEE1 kinase is ubiquitous in plant development and negatively regulates the cell cycle through phosphorylations. However, analogies with the control of the human cell cycle by tyrosine- (Tyr-) phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are sometimes questioned. In this in silico study, we assessed the structural conservation of the WEE1 protein in the plant kingdom with a particular focus on agronomically valuable plants, the legume crops. We analyzed the phylogenetic distribution of amino-acid sequences among a large number of plants by Bayesian analysis that highlighted the general conservation of WEE1 proteins. A detailed sequence analysis confirmed the catalytic potential of WEE1 proteins in plants. However, some substitutions of an arginine and a glutamate at the entrance of the catalytic pocket, illustrated by 3D structure predictions, challenged the specificity of this protein toward the substrate and Tyr-phosphorylation compared to the human WEE1. The structural differences, which could be responsible for the loss of specificity between human and plants, are highlighted and suggest the involvement of plant WEE1 in more cell regulation processes.
In vivo biocompatibility evaluation of in situ-forming polyethylene glycol-collagen hydrogels in corneal defects
Authors: Chun Yoon Hong , Park Sun-Kyoung , Kim Eun Jeong , Lee Hyun Jong , Kim Hyewon , Koh Won-Gun , Cunha Gabriella Fernandes , Myung David , Na Kyung-Sun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe available treatment options include corneal transplantation for significant corneal defects and opacity. However, shortage of donor corneas and safety issues in performing corneal transplantation are the main limitations. Accordingly, we adopted the injectable in situ-forming hydrogels of collagen type I crosslinked via multifunctional polyethylene glycol (PEG)-N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) for treatment and evaluated in vivo biocompatibility. The New Zealand White rabbits (N = 20) were randomly grouped into the keratectomy-only and keratectomy with PEG-collagen hydrogel-treated groups. Samples were processed for immunohistochemical evaluation. In both clinical and histologic observations, epithelial cells were able to migrate and form multilayers over the PEG-collagen hydrogels at the site of the corneal stromal defect. There was no evidence of inflammatory or immunological reactions or increased IOP for PEG-collagen hydrogel-treated corneas during the four weeks of observation. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the superior corneal stroma of the keratectomy-only group (indicative of fibrotic healing), whereas low stromal α-SMA expression was detected in the keratectomy with PEG-collagen hydrogel-treated group. Taken together, we suggest that PEG-collagen may be used as a safe and effective alternative in treating corneal defect in clinical setting.
Thermoelectric characteristics of X$$_2$$YH$$_2$$ monolayers (X=Si, Ge; Y=P, As, Sb, Bi): a first-principles study
Authors: Mohebpour Mohammad Ali , Mozvashi Shobair Mohammadi , Vishkayi Sahar Izadi , Tagani Meysam Bagheri 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEver since global warming emerged as a serious issue, the development of promising thermoelectric materials has been one of the main hot topics of material science. In this work, we provide an in-depth understanding of the thermoelectric properties of X$$_2$$

2

YH$$_2$$

2

monolayers (X=Si, Ge; Y=P, As, Sb, Bi) using the density functional theory combined with the Boltzmann transport equation. The results indicate that the monolayers have very low lattice thermal conductivities in the range of 0.09−0.27 Wm$$^{-1}$$

-
1

K$$^{-1}$$

-
1

at room temperature, which are correlated with the atomic masses of primitive cells. Ge$$_2$$

2

PH$$_2$$

2

and Si$$_2$$

2

SbH$$_2$$

2

possess the highest mobilities for hole (1894 cm$$^2$$

2

V$$^{-1}$$

-
1

s$$^{-1}$$

-
1

) and electron (1629 cm$$^2$$

2

V$$^{-1}$$

-
1

s$$^{-1}$$

-
1

), respectively. Si$$_2$$

2

BiH$$_2$$

2

shows the largest room-temperature figure of merit, $$ZT=2.85$$

Z
T
=
2.85

in the n-type doping ( $$\sim 3\times 10^{12}$$

∼
3
×

10
12

cm$$^{-2}$$

-
2

), which is predicted to reach 3.49 at 800 K. Additionally, Si$$_2$$

2

SbH$$_2$$

2

and Si$$_2$$

2

AsH$$_2$$

2

are found to have considerable ZT values above 2 at room temperature. Our findings suggest that the mentioned monolayers are more efficient than the traditional thermoelectric materials such as Bi$$_2$$

2

Te$$_3$$

3

and stimulate experimental efforts for novel syntheses and applications.
Energy recovery linac based fully coherent light source
Authors: Zhao Z. T. , Wang Z. , Feng C. , Chen S. , Cao L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEnergy recovery linac (ERL) holds great promise for generating high repetition-rate and high brightness electron beams. The application of ERL to drive a free-electron laser is currently limited by its low peak current. In this paper, we consider the combination of ERL with the recently proposed angular-dispersion induced microbunching technique to generate fully coherent radiation pulses with high average brightness and tunable pulse length. Start-to-end simulations have been performed based on a low energy ERL (600 MeV) for generating coherent EUV radiation pulses. The results indicate an average brightness over 1025phs/s/mm2/mrad2/0.1%BW and average power of about 100 W at 13.5 nm or 20 W with the spectral resolution of about 0.5 meV with the proposed technique. Further extension of the proposed scheme to shorter wavelength based on an ERL complex is also discussed.
Olfactory function testing before and after anesthesia
Authors: Hernandez Anna Kristina , Fuchss Patrick , Haehner Antje , Hummel Thomas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to determine whether anesthesia would affect olfactory function. Patients who were admitted for surgical intervention that did not include the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were included in this prospective cohort study. Structured medical history was taken from the patients, including the following: age, sex, smoking history, alcohol intake, current medications, and sleep deficits prior to surgery. Before surgery, patients were asked for a self-rating of their olfactory function. Olfactory function was also measured using Sniffin’ Sticks comprising measures of odor threshold, discrimination, and identification. The mean interval between olfactory tests was 6 days (range 3–12 days). Seventy-three patients were included in the study, 34 men and 39 women. Olfactory scores were consistent before and after surgery as indicated by correlative analyses (p < 0.05). Odor thresholds, discrimination, identification, and composite TDI scores did not change significantly, whereas odor identification scores increased (p = 0.011) after surgery. In conclusion, post-operative olfactory scores remained stable. However, identification scores exhibited a slight increase which can be attributed to a retest effect. Overall, the present results indicate that surgery outside of the nasal and paranasal sinus region performed in general anesthesia has no major effect on the sense of smell.
Study of Non-Newtonian biomagnetic blood flow in a stenosed bifurcated artery having elastic walls
Authors: Shahzad Hasan , Wang Xinhua , Sarris Ioannis , Iqbal Kaleem , Hafeez Muhammad Bilal , Krawczuk Marek 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFluid structure interaction (FSI) gained attention of researchers and scientist due to its applications in science fields like biomedical engineering, mechanical engineering etc. One of the major application in FSI is to study elastic wall behavior of stenotic arteries. In this paper we discussed an incompressible Non-Newtonian blood flow analysis in an elastic bifurcated artery. A magnetic field is applied along $$x$$
x
direction. For coupling of the problem an Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian formulation is used by two-way fluid structure interaction. To discretize the problem, we employed $$P_{2} P_{1}$$

P
2

P
1

finite element technique to approximate the velocity, displacement and pressure and then linearized system of equations is solved using Newton iteration method. Analysis is carried out for power law index, Reynolds number and Hartmann number. Hemodynamic effects on elastic walls, stenotic artery and bifurcated region are evaluated by using velocity profile, pressure and loads on the walls. Study shows there is significant increase in wall shear stresses with an increase in Power law index and Hartmann number. While as expected increase in Reynolds number decreases the wall shear stresses. Also load on the upper wall is calculated against Hartmann number for different values of power law index. Results show load increases as the Hartmann number and power law index increases. From hemodynamic point of view, the load on the walls is minimum for shear thinning case but when power law index increased i.e. for shear thickening case load on the walls increased.
Graphene-based dual-functional chiral metamirror composed of complementary 90° rotated U-shaped resonator arrays and its equivalent circuit model
Authors: Asgari Somayyeh , Fabritius Tapio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAn equivalent circuit model (ECM) using a MATLAB code to analyze a tunable two-layered graphene-based chiral dual-function metamirror, is proposed in this work. The investigated metastructure is composed of complementary U-shaped graphene resonator arrays in the terahertz (THz) region. The ECM analysis could be used for any two-layered chiral metastructure for any frequencies, containing resonators with a thickness less than λ/50. The characteristics of the proposed tunable metamirror were analyzed numerically using the finite element method (FEM) in CST Software to verify the ECM analysis. The proposed metamirror can be used in polarization-sensitive devices in the THz region with simpler biasing without a need for ion gels or similar. It works as a broadband TE and multiband (four bands) TM mirror in the 0.3–4.5 THz bandwidth with a strong linear dichroism (LD) response (up to 96%). The designed mirror is a dynamically tunable, dual-functional structure, requiring only 90° rotation of the incident electromagnetic fields to switch between broadband and multiband spectral behavior making it a promising candidate for future THz intelligent systems. The proposed ECM is in agreement with the FEM results. The ECM analysis provides a simple, fast, and effective way to understand the metamirror’s behavior and guides for the design and analysis of graphene-based chiral metastructures in the THz region.
Early-life nicotine or cotinine exposure produces long-lasting sleep alterations and downregulation of hippocampal corticosteroid receptors in adult mice
Authors: Bastianini Stefano , Lo Martire Viviana , Alvente Sara , Berteotti Chiara , Matteoli Gabriele , Rullo Laura , Stamatakos Serena , Silvani Alessandro , Candeletti Sanzio , Romualdi Patrizia , Cohen Gary , Zoccoli Giovanna 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEarly-life exposure to environmental toxins like tobacco can permanently re-program body structure and function. Here, we investigated the long-term effects on mouse adult sleep phenotype exerted by early-life exposure to nicotine or to its principal metabolite, cotinine. Moreover, we investigated whether these effects occurred together with a reprogramming of the activity of the hippocampus, a key structure to coordinate the hormonal stress response. Adult male mice born from dams subjected to nicotine (NIC), cotinine (COT) or vehicle (CTRL) treatment in drinking water were implanted with electrodes for sleep recordings. NIC and COT mice spent significantly more time awake than CTRL mice at the transition between the rest (light) and the activity (dark) period. NIC and COT mice showed hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) downregulation compared to CTRL mice, and NIC mice also showed hippocampal mineralocorticoid receptor downregulation. Hippocampal GR expression significantly and inversely correlated with the amount of wakefulness at the light-to-dark transition, while no changes in DNA methylation were found. We demonstrated that early-life exposure to nicotine (and cotinine) concomitantly entails long-lasting reprogramming of hippocampal activity and sleep phenotype suggesting that the adult sleep phenotype may be modulated by events that occurred during that critical period of life.
Highly selective conversion of phenol to cyclohexanol over Ru/Nb2O5-nC18PA catalysts with increased acidity in a biphasic system under mild conditions
Authors: Zhan Jiahui , Hu Rui , Luo Xi , Zhang Cheng , Luo Gang , Fan Jiajun , Clark James H. , Zhang Shicheng 
Published: December 2021

The catalytic activity was enhanced by the introduction of C18PA on the support of the Ru/Nb2O5 catalyst. The addition of more Lewis acid sites on the support activated the aromatic ring in phenol and promoted the formation of cyclohexanol.
TeleCPT: Delivery of a Better Conversations Approach to Communication Partner Training During a Global Pandemic and Beyond
Authors: Beeke Suzanne , Volkmer Anna , Farrington-Douglas Claire 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
This case report provides an overview of telehealth delivery of our Better Conversations approach to communication partner training (CPT) for people with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and their communication partner (CP). The purpose is to advance the knowledge of speech and language therapists/pathologists (SLTs) on this type of CPT and empower them to deliver teleCPT as part of their clinical practice.

Method:
We provide a case report describing therapy delivery, outcomes, and self-reflections from our clinical practice, which represents a collaboration between a UK National Health Service CPT clinic and the Better Conversations Research Lab at University College London, UK. A man with PPA and his CP (a dyad) video-recorded everyday conversations at home using a video conferencing platform. These formed the basis of an evaluation of conversation barriers and facilitators, which led to four weekly 1-hr therapy sessions covering the mechanics of conversation, identification of barriers and facilitators, goal setting, and practice of positive conversation strategies.

Results:
Dyad self-rating of goal attainment revealed that three of four conversation strategies were achieved much more than expected, a positive outcome given the progressive nature of F.F.'s condition. SLT access to the dyad at home via teleCPT facilitated the carryover of strategies from the session to everyday conversations in the home environment. TeleCPT was acceptable to this couple during a global pandemic, with benefits including no travel, ease of therapy scheduling around the CP's work and family commitments, and access to a specialist CPT clinic outside their geographical area.

Conclusions:
TeleCPT is feasible and acceptable to clients, improving access to therapy in a way that should not just be the preserve of service delivery during a global pandemic. SLTs can enable clients and their families to have better conversations despite communication difficulties by offering teleCPT. We have shared practical suggestions for delivering teleCPT.
A double crystal von Hamos spectrometer for traceable x-ray emission spectroscopy
Authors: Holfelder I. , Wansleben M. , Kayser Y. , Gnewkow R. , Müller M. , Weser J. , Zech C. , Beckhoff B. 
Published: December 2021

A novel double full-cylinder crystal x-ray spectrometer for x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) has been realized based on a modified von Hamos geometry. The spectrometer is characterized by its compact dimensions, its versatility with respect to the number of crystals used in series in the detection path, and the option to perform calibrated XES measurements. The full-cylinder crystals used are based on highly annealed pyrolytic graphite with a thickness of 40 μm, which was bent to a radius of curvature of 50 mm. The flexible design of the spectrometer allows for an easy change—within the same setup—between measurements with one crystal for maximized efficiency or two crystals for increased spectral resolving power. The spectrometer realized can be used at different end-stations of synchrotron radiation beamlines or can be laboratory-based. The main application focus of the spectrometer is the determination of x-ray fundamental atomic parameters in the photon energy range from 2.4 to 18 keV. The evaluation of chemical speciation is also an area of application, as demonstrated in the example of battery electrodes using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering.
The hypothalamic link between arousal and sleep homeostasis in mice
Authors: Yamagata Tomoko , Kahn Martin C. , Prius-Mengual José , Meijer Elise , Šabanović Merima , Guillaumin Mathilde C. C. , van der Vinne Vincent , Huang Yi-Ge , McKillop Laura E. , Jagannath Aarti , Peirson Stuart N. , Mann Edward O. , Foster Russell G. , Vyazovskiy Vladyslav V. 
Published: December 2021

Significance
Our current understanding of how sleep is regulated is based upon the model of sleep homeostasis, which defines a variable called Process S as a measure of sleep need, and a so-called “flip-flop” model of state switching, which builds on a notion of a mutually antagonistic relationship between subcortical sleep-promoting and wake-promoting circuits. The neurobiological substrates of the interaction between the sleep switch and Process S are unknown. Our study identifies a previously unrecognized role of hypothalamic circuitry in tuning within-state brain activity or levels of arousal, which in turn determine the homeostatic drive for sleep.
Substantial accumulation of mercury in the deepest parts of the ocean and implications for the environmental mercury cycle
Authors: Liu Maodian , Xiao Wenjie , Zhang Qianru , Yuan Shengliu , Raymond Peter A. , Chen Jiubin , Liu Junfeng , Tao Shu , Xu Yunping , Wang Xuejun 
Published: December 2021

Significance
Mercury is a globally ubiquitous pollutant that is harmful to humans and animals. Most mercury entering the environment is released from anthropogenic sources and then stored for some period in soils and water bodies before potentially being remobilized, which greatly facilitates its global distribution. Although the ocean is recognized as the largest ultimate sink of mercury, the distribution and burial of mercury in deep ocean sediments remains largely unknown because of the difficulty in obtaining samples from these ecosystems. This study found that although hadal trenches (the deepest parts of the oceans) occupy a very small portion (<0.5%) of the ocean area, they may receive a large amount of mercury and represent a disproportionately important, previously overlooked sink for mercury.
Discovery of an ancient MHC category with both class I and class II features
Authors: Okamura Kazuhiko , Dijkstra Johannes M. , Tsukamoto Kentaro , Grimholt Unni , Wiegertjes Geert F. , Kondow Akiko , Yamaguchi Hisateru , Hashimoto Keiichiro 
Published: December 2021

SignificanceTwo classes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, MHC class I and MHC class II, constitute the basis of our elaborate, adaptive immune system as antigen-presenting molecules. They perform distinct, critical functions: especially, MHC class I in case of antivirus and antitumor defenses, and MHC class II, in case of effective antibody responses. This important class diversification has long been enigmatic, as vestiges of the evolutionary molecular changes have not been found. The revealed ancient MHC category represents a plausible intermediate group between the two classes, and the data suggest that class II preceded class I in molecular evolution. Fundamental understanding of the molecular evolution of MHC molecules should contribute to understanding the basis of our complex biological defense system.
Can auxiliary indicators improve COVID-19 forecasting and hotspot prediction?
Authors: McDonald Daniel J. , Bien Jacob , Green Alden , Hu Addison J. , DeFries Nat , Hyun Sangwon , Oliveira Natalia L. , Sharpnack James , Tang Jingjing , Tibshirani Robert , Ventura Valérie , Wasserman Larry , Tibshirani Ryan J. 
Published: December 2021

SignificanceValidated forecasting methodology should be a vital element in the public health response to any fast-moving epidemic or pandemic. A widely used model for predicting the future spread of a temporal process is an autoregressive (AR) model. While basic, such an AR model (properly trained) is already competitive with the top models in operational use for COVID-19 forecasting. In this paper, we exhibit five auxiliary indicators—based on deidentified medical insurance claims, self-reported symptoms via online surveys, and COVID-related Google searches—that further improve the predictive accuracy of an AR model in COVID-19 forecasting. The most substantial gains appear to be in quiescent times; but the Google search indicator appears to also offer improvements during upswings in pandemic activity.
Adaptations in metabolism and protein translation give rise to the Crabtree effect in yeast
Authors: Malina Carl , Yu Rosemary , Björkeroth Johan , Kerkhoven Eduard J. , Nielsen Jens 
Published: December 2021

Significance
Overflow metabolism, referred to as the Crabtree effect in yeast, is the seemingly wasteful strategy of using aerobic fermentation instead of the more efficient respiration for energy generation. This allows cells to grow faster at high glucose availability. Although well-studied, the underlying reasons that not all yeasts experience the Crabtree effect while still able to grow at comparable rates as yeasts exhibiting the effect, are not known. We combined physiological and proteome quantification with metabolic modeling to perform a quantitative comparison of four yeasts, two exhibiting and two not exhibiting the Crabtree effect, under glucose excess conditions. Our analyses provide insight into the underlying causes of the Crabtree effect, demonstrating a coupling to adaptations in both metabolism and protein translation.
Components of the phosphatidylserine endoplasmic reticulum to plasma membrane transport mechanism as targets for KRAS inhibition in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Kattan Walaa E. , Liu Junchen , Montufar-Solis Dina , Liang Hong , Brahmendra Barathi Bhargavi , van der Hoeven Ransome , Zhou Yong , Hancock John F. 
Published: December 2021

SignificanceExquisite lipid-binding specificity for phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) is hardwired into the structure of the KRAS C-terminal plasma membrane (PM) anchor. This renders KRAS–PM localization and hence biological function potentially vulnerable to perturbations of PM PtdSer content. Here, we show that all components of the recently described lipid transport machinery that maintain PM PtdSer content are indeed required to support KRAS oncogenic function. In this context, we demonstrate that the enzyme, PI4KIIIα, in particular has merit as a druggable target for inhibitingKRAS-dependent tumors. More generally, we provide insight into how PM phospholipids can regulate oncogene signaling and how PM lipid composition may be successfully targeted to exploit tumor vulnerabilities.
SARS-CoV-2 expresses a microRNA-like small RNA able to selectively repress host genes
Authors: Pawlica Paulina , Yario Therese A. , White Sylvia , Wang Jianhui , Moss Walter N. , Hui Pei , Vinetz Joseph M. , Steitz Joan A. 
Published: December 2021

Significance
We discovered that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) expresses a small viral noncoding RNA, named CoV2-miR-O7a (for SARS-CoV-2 miRNA-like ORF7a-derived small RNA). CoV2-miR-O7a associates with the cellular RNA interference machinery and has the potential to regulate host transcripts, likely via target slicing. The production of CoV2-miR-O7a relies on cellular machinery and the formation of a strong hairpin within ORF7a sequences. This newly described CoV2-miR-O7a may contribute to SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and could become a target for therapeutic intervention.