bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review on Nuclear Imaging as a Promising Modality for Efficient Diagnosis of Tuberculosis
Authors: Rafique Asma , Rasheed Rashid , Shamim Saba , Ijaz Munazza , Murtaza Ghulam 
Published: July 2021

:Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease, which has been declared as a global health issue by the World Health Organization in 1993. Due to the complex pathophysiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it remains a global threat. This article reviews the conventional diagnostic modalities for tuberculosis, their limitations to detect latent TB, multiple drug resistant-TB, human immunodeficiency virus co-infected TB lesions, and TB in children. Moreover, this review illustrates the importance of nuclear medicine imaging for early, non-invasive diagnosis of TB, to detect disease stages and to monitor therapy response. Single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography with their particular radionuclides are now extensively being used for a thorough assessment of TB.
In Vitro Effects of Propofol on Cytotoxic, Apoptotic and PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway
Genes on Brain Cancer Cells
Authors: Edgunlu Tuba Gokdogan , Avci Cigir Biray , Ozates Neslihan Pınar , Bagca Bakiye Goker , Celik Sevim Karakas , Boluk Aydin , Ugur Bakiye 
Published: July 2021

Aim:
The study aimed to determine the cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of propofol on glioma cells.

Background:
Propofol [2,6-diisopropylphenol] is a commonly used intravenous anesthetic. Propofol is known to have a mechanism of action on the PI3K-AKT pathway.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of propofol on the proliferation and apoptosis of human glioma cells, as well as to investigate changes in expression levels of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway genes.

Materials and Methods:
The cytotoxic effect of propofol on the U-87 MG cell line was determined by WST-1 method.
Annexin V-FITC and Mitoprobe JC-1 assay were used to measure apoptosis by flow cytometry. The expression levels
of genes in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway were investigated by qRT-PCR.

Results:
We have shown that propofol induced apoptosis in U-87 MG cells by 17.1 fold compared to the untreated
control. Furthermore, significant differences were found in the expression levels of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway
genes.

Conclusion:
As a result of our study, it was found that propofol caused differences in expression levels of PI3K-AKT
signaling pathway genes and it was suggested that these differences may be related to apoptosis induction.
Current Insight into the Therapeutic Potential of Phytocompounds and their Nanoparticle-Based Systems for Effective Management of Lung Cancer
Authors: Fatima Mahak , Iqubal Mohammad Kashif , Iqubal Ashif , Kaur Harsimran , Gilani Sadaf Jamal , Rahman Md. Habibur , Ahmadi Amirhossein , Rizwanullah Md. 
Published: July 2021

:Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the primary cause of cancer-related death in both men and women worldwide. Due to diagnosis at an advanced stage, it is associated with high mortality in the majority of patients. At present, various treatment approaches are available, such as chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy, but all these approaches usually cause serious side effects like degeneration of normal cells, bone marrow depression, alopecia, extensive vomiting, etc. To overcome the aforementioned problems, researchers have focused on the alternative therapeutic approach in which various natural compounds are reported, which possessed anti-lung cancer activity. Phytocompounds exhibit their anti lung cancer activity via targeting various cell-signaling pathways, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and by regulating antioxidant status and detoxification. Apart from the excellent anti-cancer activity, clinical administration of phytocompounds is confined because of their high lipophilicity and low bioavailability. Therefore, researchers show their concern in the development of a stable, safe and effective approach of treatment with minimal side effects by the development of nanoparticle-based delivery of these phytocompounds to the target site. Targeted delivery of phytocompound through nanoparticles overcomes the aforementioned problems. In this article, the molecular mechanism of phytocompounds, their emerging combination therapy, and their nanoparticles-based delivery systems in the treatment of lung cancer have been discussed.
The Protective Role of Etoricoxib Against Diethylnitrosamine/2-acetylaminofluorene- Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar Rats: The Impact of NF-κB/COX-2/PGE2 Signaling
Authors: Omar Hany , Ali Gaber , Hersi Fatema , Abo-Youssef Amira , Ahmed Osama , Mohamed Wafaa 
Published: July 2021

Background:Liver cancer ranks as the 7th and 5th leading cause of cancer morbidity worldwide in men and women, respectively. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and is associated with an increasing global burden of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH).Objective:The present study aimed to investigate the possible chemopreventive effect of etoricoxib on diethylnitrosamine (DENA) and 2-acetylaminofluorene (2AAF)-induced HCC in male Wistar rats.Methods:HCC was induced by DENA (150 mg/kg/week; i.p) for 2 weeks, then 2AAF (20 mg/kg; p.o) every other day for three successive weeks. Etoricoxib (0.6 mg/kg, p.o.) was given to DENA/ 2AAF-administered rats for 20 weeks.Results:Etoricoxib significantly suppressed alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19.9) as liver tumor biomarkers. It also decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin levels while increased serum albumin levels. Besides, it alleviated DENA/2AAF-induced histopathological abrasions and inflammatory cell infiltration. Furthermore, etoricoxib showed a potent antioxidant effect, supported by a significant lipid peroxide reduction and elevation in superoxide dismutase activity and GSH content. In addition, Etoricoxib significantly down-regulated the protein expression of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB), phosphorylated nuclear Factor-kappa B (p-NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).Conclusion:In conclusion, the current results proved that etoricoxib possesses an anticarcinogenic effect via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and modulation of NF-κB/COX-2/PGE2 signaling.
Formulation Development of Nifedipine through Nanotechnology: A Comprehensive
Review
Authors: Sarker Sabarni , Rafe Md. Rajdoula 
Published: July 2021

Background:
The therapeutic use of nifedipine, a dihydropyridine calcium channel
blocker, is limited due to its poor solubility profile, rapid onset of its action, stability profile and
short biological half-life. Many formulation techniques have been applied to improve physicochemical
and pharmacological properties of the drug.

Objective:
The objective of the study is to summarize the nanotechnology approaches made to improve
the therapeutic and pharmacokinetic properties of nifedipine till 2020.

Methods:
The searches for the related articles were done up to 28 March 2020 with the specific
keywords in Pubmed and Google Scholar excluding review articles.

Results:
The discussion showed that among the nano-carriers used to improve the pharmacological
property of the drug, lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, crystalline nanoparticles, and
nano-emulsions were prevalent. Nanotechnology has been efficient to improve the solubility profile
of nifedipine, achieve sustained and controlled release by achieving targeted and local delivery
and transdermal drug delivery. Exploiting nano-formulations, new windows of therapeutic applications
have been achieved. Finally, micelle media, polymeric nanoparticles, and microcrystalline
nanoparticles have been used to develop a photostable formulation.

Conclusion:
The technological innovations in the field of nanomedicine have paved many ways
for the delivery of nifedipine and such sparingly water-soluble compounds.
Атомная подвижность в кристаллической фазе наноструктурированного сплава Ga-In со структурой &beta;-Ga
Authors: Нефедов Д.Ю. , Чарная E.В. , Усков A.В. , Aнтоненко A.O. , Подорожкин Д.Ю. , Кумзеров Ю.А. , Фокин А.В. 
Published: July 2021

Эвтектический сплав галлия и олова является перспективным материалом для использования в современной микроэлектронике, медицинской диагностике и гибкой робототехнике. В связи с новыми применениями сплава Ga-In, значительный интерес вызывают исследования влияния понижения размеров на свойства этого сплава. В настоящей работе приводятся результаты исследования методом ЯМР атомной подвижности в сегрегированной кристаллической фазе наноструктурированного сплава Ga-In, обогащенной галлием. Сплав с концентрацией 94 at.&#37; Ga и 6 at.&#37; In был введен в поры опаловой матрицы. Показано, что обогащенная галлием фаза имела структуру &beta;-Ga. Проведены измерения температурной зависимости скорости ядерной спин-решеточной релаксации галлия. Разделены вклады магнитного дипольного и электрического квадрупольного механизмов релаксации. Рассчитано изменение с температурой времени корреляции атомного движения и оценена энергия активации. Ключевые слова: Ga-In сплав, наноконфайнмент в опале, сегрегированная фаза со структурой &beta;-Ga, ЯМР, спин-решеточная релаксация галлия, атомная подвижность.
IDENTIFICATION OF GABA-PRODUCING LACTIC ACID BACTERIA FROM CINCALOK FERMENTATION BASED ON THE 16S RRNA AND GAD GENES
Authors: PRIBADHI ADHITYA NAUFAL , KUSDIYANTINI ENDANG , FERNIAH REJEKI SITI 
Published: July 2021

Objective: The research to identify LAB using 16S rRNA potential as high produce GABA and design primer can amplify that gad gene.
Methods: Isolation genomic form LAB, molecular identification based 16S rRNA, design primer use primer3plus, and use application serial cloner to ensure the primer can amplify to target gene.
Results: That have been carried out based on the analysis of the 16 S rRNA gene have the highest similarity to Weissella confusa strain JCM 1093 with a similarity of 98.38%, while the results of the analysis of the gad gene with several primers that have been designed are not able to amplify the gad gene owned by W. confusa.
Conclusion: The results of the analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene for lactic acid bacteria were obtained by Weissella confusa. However, for the results of identification analysis based on the gad gene, the designed primers were unable to amplify the gad gene in W. confusa.
POSSIBLE INFLUENCE OF LOXOPROFEN IN LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE INDUCED ALTERATIONS IN SUCROSE INTAKE IN CHRONIC MILD STRESS MODEL IN MICE
Authors: S KUNDU SMITA , G RANA DIGVIJAYSINH 
Published: July 2021

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of Loxoprofen in sucrose intake in the absence and presence of Lipopolysaccharide in chronic mild stress model of depression in mice.
Methods: There was a measurement of sucrose intake in chronic mild stress model (CMS), consisting of 21 days stress schedule in which mice were subjected to the treatment of Loxoprofen (16.8 mg/kg, p.o.) with or without treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) for the past 14 days.
Results: The result of the present study indicated that mice treated with Venlafaxine and Loxoprofen showed a significant increase in the sucrose intake in stressed mice in chronic mild stress model. LPS-treated mice presented a decrease in sucrose intake when compared to controls. Similarly, Venlafaxine and Loxoprofen in the presence of LPS could increase the sucrose intake as compared to LPS treated stressed mice.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that Loxoprofen could influence LPS induced alterations in sucrose intake in mice in chronic mild stress model. It can also indicate the possible anti-depressant effect of Loxoprofen in mice subjected to chronic mild stress model of depression, having its possible implication in future treatment of depression.
PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS EXPERIENCES OF INDIAN POPULATION DURING CORONAVIRUS DISEASE PANDEMIC SOCIAL ISOLATION AND LONELINESS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: GOEL DIVYA , FAROOQ MAJID 
Published: July 2021

Objective: The sudden emergence of wide spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to adoption of physical distancing or lockdown all over the globe to curtail the viral transmission. Although lockdown plays an important role, at the same time, it can adversely affect the psychological health of the population. In addition, because of stay at home order, people are more inclined to use the media which can further aggravate the mental health issues in population. This study was planned to study the perceived psychological issues associated with the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.
Methods: An online social survey was conducted using semi-structured questionnaire, participants were added through snowball sampling technique.
Results: A total of 455 people (264 females and 191 males) participated in the study. Majority of participants 228 (50.1%) felt stressed out during coronavirus lockdown period. Female gender was associated with greater negative psychological impact of lockdown. Most participants 263 (57.8%) were worried about the health of the loved ones. Most of the participants tried to seek information from different media. The difference between the stress level was highly significant (p=0.04639∗) between the participants depending on the duration for which they explore the information on different media.
Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic was associated with stress in the majority of people in our sample, and media has a role to modulate the psychological impact of this lockdown. As COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing, we need to verify these findings on larger population and policy-makers need to strengthen our mental health programs to mitigate the psychological impact of this pandemic.
A PILOT STUDY FOR EVALUATION OF ROLE OF B-MODE ULTRASOUND AND STRAIN ELASTOGRAPHY IN DIFFERENTIATING BENIGN AND MALIGNANT BREAST MASSES
Authors: GUPTA SARYU , KAUR MANPREET , KAUR AMARJIT , BHATIA KULDEEP 
Published: July 2021

Background: Early detection of malignant lesions is critical key stone for the successful management of breast cancer. Conventional B-mode ultrasound although could not replace the histopathology which is still gold standard, plays an important role in the diagnostic pathways by using the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) lexicon (standardized by American College of Radiology [ACR]). Although characterization of solid breast masses by sonography has improved greatly since the early 1990s, specificity remains low and a large number of biopsies result in benign diagnosis. Strain elastography and strain ratio (SR) are recent techniques which may help in increasing the specificity of ultrasound.
Methods: The present study was a pilot study aimed to establish a correlation between B-mode ultrasound and strain elastography in differentiating benign and malignant breast masses and to compare the results of B- mode ultrasound and Strain Elastography with fine-needle aspiration cytology/ biopsy findings. It was a prospective study conducted in the Department of Radio-diagnosis of Rajindra Hospital, Patiala. A total of 40 patients who presented with the complaint of palpable breast lump were evaluated with B-Mode Ultrasonography (USG) and Strain elastography (using elastography score [ES] and SR).
Results: The study group (40 patients with breast lumps) comprised 38 (95%) female patients and 2 (5%) male patients. Among the group 29 were benign and 11 were malignant. Fibroadenoma followed by fibrocystic disease was the most common benign pathologies and invasive ductal carcinoma followed by Ductal Carcinoma in situ was the most common malignant pathologies. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of B-Mode USG in diagnosing palpable breast lump are 72.7%, 86.2%, and 82.5%, respectively, while that of strain elastography in diagnosing palpable breast lump are 81.8%, 93.10%, and 90.0%, respectively. Using strain ratio (SR) only the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy was found to be 93.1%, 100%, and 95% better than B-Mode USG and shear elastography alone separately and combined. The mean SR for a benign mass is 2.00±0.97 and for a malignant mass is 5.40±1.55.
Conclusion: Ultrasound elastography (using ES) has a higher sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy in differentiating benign and malignant breast masses then B mode USG (using BIRADS). Using SR alone has shown better sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy but its standalone or in combination diagnostic application has to be followed up with further studies.
TEACHING ENGLISH WITH STORY TELLING METHOD IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TEACHERS
Authors: Amalia Arsyi Rizqia 
Published: July 2021

The importance of English has an impact on the needs of future generations to learn English from an early age especially in Early Childhood Education and vocabulary is an important component that can support the mastery of all four language skills. Facing the difficulty of learning vocabulary, a method that is appropriate for the age of child development is needed. One of methods that could be used is story telling. The research method used in this research is qualitative descriptive. The sample in this study was six early childhood education teachers in Sukabumi. Data collecting techniques were presentations and questionnaires. The presentations were held twice, in front of peers of early childhood education teachers and in front of students of early childhood education. After presentation, the questionnaires were conducted related to the implementation of the story telling method to the teacher. Based on the data collected, Teaching English with Story Telling Method give a good response with indicators shows that the content of the story, the properties used, the variety of vocabulary taught, moral values based on the stories and the ability of delivering the English vocabulary were good and suitable with the age of early childhood education.
Online Sales And Payment In Smes Financial Reporting Preparation
Authors: Kosadi Ferry , Ginting Wajib , Alamsyah Muhammad Iqbal 
Published: July 2021

The objective to evaluate relationship between online sales & payment to financial preparation Small & Medium Enterprises. Ecommerce provideautomationtransaction processing through various information technology platforms can have impact in recording transaction and financial reports preparation.Quantitative research method uses Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling analysis with descriptive analysis of financial reporting preparation.Result, greatest positive impact Online Payment to Recording Transactions and Online Sales to Financial Statements as well as ability to explain from recording Transactions and Financial Statements in Average Determination state. Average 66.7% positive responsestoservice online features, completeness, accuracy and product sales notifications, 81% support for online payment speed & ease processing, economic value and level of use, 75% support for recording transactions on completeness, simplification and data security and 60% understanding SAK, ease of use, consistency in use, desire to increase understanding accounting and economic value in preparing formal financial reports. Constraints from online sales to financial reporting include infrastructure readiness, human resource adaptation, investment costs and Automation implementation. Overall evidence of digital transactions makes positive contribution to recording &reporting SMEs finances and becomes part of learning in the process of increasing digital iteration and digital transformation in the accounting sector.
Independent predictors of forecasting the course of congenital HIV infection in children
Authors: Denisenko V. B. , Simovanyan E. M. 
Published: July 2021

The purpose is to characterize the clinical and laboratory parameters in children with different rates of congenital HIV infection progression and, based on the data obtained, to develop independent predictors of forecasting the course of the disease.Research methods. The comparison of clinical, immunological and virological parameters in 91 children with HIV infection with rapid (26%) and slow progression of the disease (74%) was carried out. The criterion for the rapid progression of HIV infection was considered the development of the AIDS clinic in the first two years of life.Results. Testing of clinical, immunological and virological parameters in a multivariate logistic regression model revealed independent predictors of rapid progression in children aged 6 months — HIV blood viral load more than 1 00 000 cop./ml (odds ratio OR 23.9; 95% confidence interval 95% CI 4.6—71.8; P < 0.001) and a decrease of blood CD4-lymphocytes less than 25% (OR 6.3; 95% CI 1.2—33.4; P = 0.029). The predictor «HIV blood viral load more than 100 000 cop./ml» was characterized by a higher sensitivity (91.3%), specificity (97.1 %) compared to the indicator «CD4 lymphocyte count less than 25%» (88.2% and 86.9%).Conclusion. In 26% of children with HIV infection, there is a rapid progression of the disease with the development of AIDS clinic during the first two years of life. The independent predictors of forecasting an unfavorable course of the disease are HIV blood viral load of more than 1 00 000 cop./ml and a decrease in CD4 lymphocytes in the blood of less than 25% at the age of 6 months. The level of viremia seems to be more preferable for predicting the course of HIV infection in children due to its high sensitivity and specificity.
Features of the intestinal microbiota in children with intestinal parasitosis
Authors: Kovaleva O. V. , Lityaeva L. A. 
Published: July 2021

The aimof the research is to study the features of the intestinal microbiota in children with parasitic invasions.Clinical and microbiological examination of 40 children aged from 9 months to 1 0 years with functional disorders of the intestine was carried out, in 20 of whom intestinal parasitoses were detected (15 of them — ascariasis, 5 — intestinal lambliosis) — the main group. The comparison group consisted of 20 other children with functional disorders of the intestine without intestinal parasitosis.All children underwent: assessment of the course of the ante-neonatal periods, the nature of feeding and clinical symptoms of intestinal parasitosis; triple study of feces for eggs of worms and protozoa in the enrichment environment of Turdyev, coprocytogram, biochemical analysis of feces, ultrasound of internal organs. To identify the quantitative content of the main groups of normobiota, species composition and spectrum of opportunistic bacteria and viruses, the method of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of intestinal microbial markers was used.It was found that in children with intestinal parasitosis, already at the prenatal stage of the formation of the intestinal microbiota, risk factors were recorded that negatively affect the composition of the forming microbiota, associated with functional disorders of the digestive tract from the first days of life.The degree of deficiency of normobiota, as well as the spectrum of opportunistic bacteria in children with parasitic invasions, was greater: 14 types of bacteria in combination with herpes viruses versus 9 in the comparison group. Association Clostridium spp. — Herpes virus against the background of a deficiency of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli acts as a dominant association in the relationship with intestinal parasitosis.