bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Analysis of Mixed Traffic Networks with Human-driven and Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Xu Qing , Chen Chaoyi , Chang Xueyang , Cao Dongpu , Cai Mengchi , Wang Jiawei , Li Keqiang , Wang Jianqiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

The emergence of connected and automated vehicles (CAV) indicates improved traffic mobility in future traffic transportation systems. This study addresses the research gap in macroscopic traffic modeling of mixed traffic networks where CAV and human-driven vehicles coexist. CAV behavior is explicitly included in the proposed traffic network model, and the vehicle number non-conservation problem is overcome by describing the approaching and departure vehicle number in discrete time. The proposed model is verified in typical CAV cooperation scenarios. The performance of CAV coordination is analyzed in road, intersection and network scenario. Total travel time of the vehicles in the network is proved to be reduced when coordination are applied. Simulation results validate the accuracy of the proposed model and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Anaerobic Digestion Characteristics and Key Microorganisms Associated With Low-Temperature Rapeseed Cake and Sheep Manure Fermentation
Authors: Liu Li , Xiong Rongbo , Li Yi , Chen Laisheng , Han Rui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Qinghai rural household biogas digesters were used to evaluate fermentation characteristics, including gas production and key microbial community changes, associated with low-temperature (15.2-17.8℃) mixed rapeseed cake and sheep manure anaerobic fermentations across 40 days using seven different ratios of material. Different raw material ratios resulted in significantly different effects on biogas yields and microbial community compositions. When the ratio of sheep manure to rapeseed cake was 1:2, the highest level of cumulative gas production was observed (122.92 m3·t−1). Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla among the 29 digester samples (total relative abundances > 79.23%), followed by Synergistetes (4.09%-10.7%). Lactobacillus was the most abundant genus in the biogas digesters with high rapeseed cake contents (average relative abundances: 14.68%), while Peptoniphilus exhibited higher abundances (12.69%) in the mixed fermentation digester treatments. In addition, unclassified Synergistaceae abundances (6.64%) were positively associated with biogas production variation among treatments. Bacteroides (5.74%) and Pseudomonas (5.24%) both accounted for larger proportions of communities in the digesters that used more sheep manure. Methanomicrobiales (66.55%) was the most dominant archaeal group among digesters, with Methanogenium (41.82%) and Methanoculleus (16.55%) representing the main gas-producing archaeal genera; they were more abundant in biogas digesters with higher sheep manure contents and higher rapeseed cake contents, respectively. Regardless of the raw material ratios, Methanoculleus exhibited the highest abundances on the 4th day of fermentation. VFAs and pH were the main factors associated with differences in microbial communities among the 29 samples. Specifically, VFA concentrations were positively correlated with Lactobacillus and Methanoculleus abundances, while pH was positively correlated with Bacteroides, Pseudomonas, Methanobrevibacter, and Methanobacterium abundances.
Evanescing Beauty and Viability of Coastal Beaches of Colombo District.
Authors: Sivaramanan Sivakumaran , Kotagama Sarath Wimalabandara 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
According to a weekly beach survey conducted for two months and data analysis done by Clean Coast Index (CCI) method, some beaches in the Colombo district are located in the backyard of suburb residences and become the dumping sites for the adjacent community, such as Moratuwa and Ratmalana. Beaches in Wellawatte, Dehiwala, Bambalapitiya, and Kollupitiya hold trash from mixed sources such as domestic dumping, wastes from commercial activities such as hotels, from running trains and beach visitors, and beaches in Mt.Lavania, Galle face, and Mattakuliya hold similar kind of wastes that are mostly from beach visitors including tourists. Furthermore, wastes from fishing-related activities are abundant in Dehiwala, they are nylon fishing nets, ropes, and polystyrene floats. Besides, PET bottle usage by the fisherman also significantly high. In urban areas such as Kollupitiya, Bamblapitiya, Wellawatte, and Dehiwala most of the wastes are carried by the drainage canals. Mechanized beach grooming is not possible in most of the locations due to the presence of the Southern railway track and the rocks. Thus, to seek sustainable solutions source-level mitigation plans have to be implemented such as source-level waste categorization (already in action), penalties, waste bins in public transport (trains), and billboards in public transport (“Please do not through your garbage outside”), deposit refund scheme (DRS) for plastic bottles, public awareness and stewardship programmes, waste bins at identified locations in the beach, screening floating plastics at canals by sieves and banning of certain types of plastics (e.g. plastic wraps or packaging materials, straws, spoons, yoghurt cups, and styrofoam). Also, it is possible to design regenerative solutions such as provide incentives e.g. offering travel free pass for waste plastic bottles (in Indonesia) and waste to energy projects ( Muthurajawela).
Real-world size of objects serves as an axis of object space
Authors: Huang Taicheng , Song Yiying , Liu Jia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Our mind can represent various objects from the physical world metaphorically into an abstract and complex high-dimensional object space, with a finite number of orthogonal axes encoding critical object features. However, little is known about what features serve as axes of the object space to critically affect object recognition. Here we asked whether the feature of objects’ real-world size constructed an axis of object space with deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) based on three criteria of sensitivity, independence and necessity that are impractical to be examined altogether with traditional approaches. A principal component analysis on features extracted by the DCNNs showed that objects’ real-world size was encoded by an independent axis, and the removal of this axis significantly impaired DCNN’s performance in recognizing objects. With a mutually-inspired paradigm of computational modeling and biological observation, we found that the shape of objects, rather than retinal size, co-occurrence, task demands and texture features, was necessary to represent the real-world size of objects for DCNNs and humans. In short, our study provided the first evidence supporting the feature of objects’ real-world size as an axis of object space, and devised a novel paradigm for future exploring the structure of object space.
Trehalose pathway regulates filamentation response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Iyer Revathi , Bhat Paike Jayadeva 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In Saccharomyces cerevisae , the diploid cells undergo either pseudohyphal differentiation or sporulation in response to carbon and nitrogen source depletion. Distinct pathways are known to regulate the processes of filamentation and sporulation in response to nutritional stress. Here, we report the novel finding that the trehalose pathway which is essential for sporulation, is involved in pseudohyphae formation both via GPR1 as well as RAS2 mediated signaling. Our observations indicate that GPR1 is epistatic over TPS1 in signaling for filamentation. Further, we have demonstrated that the pseudohyphal defect of the ras2 mutant is overcome upon disruption of TPS2 . Thus, our results indicate that TPS1 and TPS2 may be involved in cell fate decision between meiosis and filamentation response under nutrient depleting conditions. Further, monitoring pseudohyphae formation under limiting glucose condition unravelled the possibility that TPS1 and TPS2 exert opposing effects to trigger filamentation response.
Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus with New-Onset Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Child- Challenges in Fluid and Electrolyte Management
Authors: Tseng Yu-Shan , Swaney Nicole , Cashen Katherine , Jain Amrish , Ma Nina , Prout Andrew 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIntensive care management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is targeted to reverse ketoacidosis, replace the fluid deficit, and correct electrolyte imbalances. Adequate restoration of circulation and treatment of shock is key. Pediatric treatment guidelines of DKA have become standard but complexities arise in children with co-morbidities. Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by impaired renal concentrating ability and treatment is challenging. NDI and DKA together have only been previously reported in one patient.Case Diagnosis/TreatmentWe present the case of a 12-year-old male with NDI and new onset DKA with hyperosmolality. He presented in hypovolemic shock with altered mental status. Rehydration was challenging and isotonic fluid resuscitation resulted in increased urine output and worsening hyperosmolar state. Use of hypotonic fluid and insulin infusion led to lowering of serum osmolality faster than desired and increased the risk for cerebral edema. Despite the rapid decline in serum osmolality his mental status improved so we allowed him to drink free water mixed with potassium phosphorous every hour to match his urinary output (1:1 replacement) and continued 0.45% sodium chloride based on his fluid deficit and replacement rate with improvement in his clinical status.ConclusionsThis case illustrates the challenges of managing hypovolemic shock, hyperosmolality, and extreme electrolyte derangements driven by NDI and DKA.
Devising a cost-effective method to improve the specificity and sensitivity of malaria detection
Authors: Sebastian Sanders 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background:

It has always been a challenge to increase the concentration of malaria parasites in blood without compromising on specificity. The conventional thick smear method is a good sensitive tool. But the disadvantage is that a lot of expertise and experience is needed to perform this. A pilot study was undertaken to improvise the quantitative buffy coat (QBC) method so that the advantages of both thick and thin smears could be combined.
Methods:

Used QBC capillary tubes were washed off the blood and the dye and thoroughly cleaned and dried. The floats were preserved. Blood samples of ten malaria positive patients collected already in EDTA bottles were drawn onto the washed and dried QBC capillaries. The float was re-inserted and centrifugation done as recommended by the QBC manufacturers. The capillary tubes were broken with the aid of a diamond pencil at the area were parasites infested cells were most likely to be seen ie just below the buffy coat area. Smears were made onto a slide with this material and stained using the conventional Romanowsky method of staining. Ordinary microscopy was carried out and parasitaemia were quantified as number per oil immersion field and the results were compared with the recorded thin film reports. Five known negative controls were treated similarly.
Results:

Parasites’ number was found to be on an average ten times higher per oil immersion field compared to the conventional methods. Negative controls yielded valid outcomes.
Conclusion:

This preliminary study promises to be a useful tool in screening for malaria in endemic areas where resources are limited. It also adds to the specificity compared with the original QBC method. Larger study involving more samples is required to further validate the results. Any easy method (preferably automated) to cut the capillary tube thereby eliminating the risk of infection to the operator would help a long way in making the method more user friendly.
Anatomical Boundaries in Plant Roots Form Important Barriers for Selection of the Soil Microbiome
Authors: Zhou Yi , Wei Yanli , Zhao Zhongjuan , Li Jishun , Li Hongmei , Yang Peizhi , Tian Shenzhong , Ryder Maarten , Toh Ruey , Yang Hetong , Denton Matthew 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background The microbiome in plant-soil systems has a significant influence in promoting plant growth. The extent of selectivity that the plant exerts on the microbiome in the continuum of internal plant tissues is not well understood. This study analysed the root microbiome of a legume, Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., sweet clover, and focused on dynamic shifts in the microbial community structure through the niches of bulk soil, rhizosphere, periderm, phloem and xylem, and further examined the effects of environmental factors, root exudates and root cell wall development on the microbiome assemblages in different root compartments.ResultsYoung and mature plants were sampled at 24 field sites and the microbial communities in different niches from bulk soil and rhizosphere through to root compartments were analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The microbiome composition changed from periderm to phloem to a greater extent than across other boundaries (0.95 vs 0.71 based Bray–Curtis distance). Variation in microbiome composition was associated with geographic distance and soil properties for the bulk soil, rhizosphere and periderm niches. The composition of root exudate compounds were correlated with the rhizosphere microbiome assemblages in mature and young plants. The endophyte communities that occupied the phloem and xylem were most conserved and were independent of growing environments and root exudation. Symbiotic rhizobia able to nodulate M. officinalis were prominent colonisers of the periderm (~15%) and xylem (~6.2%), but were only a minor component in other soil-related niches (0.1%-2.5%). In xylem tissues, endophyte diversity was correlated with the total cell wall and lignin content across the sampled sites (r=0.29-0.62). Conclusions Our results demonstrate that selection of microbiome constituents occurs at different boundaries through bulk soil, rhizosphere, periderm, phloem and xylem, and is especially strong across the periderm boundary. The conserved endophyte community in the innermost tissues (phloem and xylem) was identified, and will be advantageous to the development of specific beneficial microbial inoculants.
Assessing The Effectiveness of Empirical Calibration Under Different Bias Scenarios
Authors: Hwang Hon , Quiroz Juan C , Gallego Blanca 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Estimations of causal effects from observational data are subject to various sources of bias. These biases can be adjusted by using negative control outcomes not affected by the treatment. The empirical calibration procedure uses negative controls to calibrate p-values and both negative and positive controls to calibrate coverage of the 95% confidence interval of the outcome of interest. Although empirical calibration has been used in several large observational studies, there is no systematic examination of its effect under different bias scenarios. Methods: The effect of empirical calibration of confidence intervals was analyzed using simulated datasets with known treatment effects. The simulations were for binary treatment and binary outcome, with simulated biases resulting from unmeasured confounder, model misspecification, measurement error, and lack of positivity. The performance of empirical calibration was evaluated by determining the change of the confidence interval coverage and bias of the outcome of interest. Results: Empirical calibration increased coverage of the outcome of interest by the 95% confidence interval under most settings but was inconsistent in adjusting the bias of the outcome of interest. Empirical calibration was most effective when adjusting for unmeasured confounding bias. Suitable negative controls had a large impact on the adjustment made by empirical calibration, but small improvements in the coverage of the outcome of interest was also observable when using unsuitable negative controls. Conclusions: This work adds evidence to the efficacy of empirical calibration on calibrating the confidence intervals of treatment effects in observational studies. We recommend empirical calibration of confidence intervals, especially when there is a risk of unmeasured confounding.
Prediction Candidates and Political Parties in the Presidential Election 2024 in Indonesia Based on Twitter
Authors: Syamsurrijal M , Nurmandi Achmad , Jubba Hasse , Hidayati Mega , Baharuddin Tawakkal , Qodir Zuly 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Twitter is a popular platform on social media that is used to predict presidential candidates and political parties who will contest in the presidential election. This study uses a quantitative approach with descriptive content analysis. This approach describes the details of a text or message related to discussions and information on the Twitter social network in the 2024 presidential election. The research subjects are Twitter social media users based on the involvement of Twitter users in the 2024 presidential election discourse in Indonesia. The data is obtained from Twitter with Twitter Search focusing on the keyword “Pilpres 2024”. The analytical tool used is Nvivo 12 Plus software with Word Frequency Query and Text Search Query analysis features. This study predicts that candidates with a strong chance as official candidates are Anies Baswedan, Prabowo, and Ganjar Pranowo. The mapping of political parties indicates that there will be political contestation between nationalist parties and religious-based parties in the 2024 presidential election.
Twice vitrification-warming procedures has no effect on frozen-thawed embryo transfer outcomes
Authors: Shen xiaoyue , Ding Min , Yan Yuan , Wang Shanshan , Zhou jianjun , Xing Jun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

To evaluate the frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) outcomes of repeated cryopreservation by vitrification of blastocysts derived from vitrified-warmed day3 embryos in patients who experienced implantation failure previously.
Methods

We retrospect the files of patients who underwent single frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles in our reproductive medical center from January 2013 to December 2019. 127 patients transfer of vitrified-warmed blastocysts derived from vitrified-warmed day3 embryos were defined as twice-cryopreserved group. 1567 patients who transfer blastocysts that had experienced once vitrified-warmed were used as once-cryopreserved group. None of them was pregnant at the previous FET. The outcomes were compared between two groups after a 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM).
Results

The clinical pregnancy rate was 52.76%, live birth rate was 43.31% in twice-cryopreserved group. After PSM,108 pairs of patients were generated for comparison. The clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate or miscarriage rate was not significantly different between two groups. Logistic regression analysis indicated that double vitrification-warming procedures did not affect FET outcomes in terms of clinical pregnancy rate (OR 0.83, 95%CI 0.47-1.42), live birth rate (OR 0.93, 95%CI 0.54-1.59), miscarriage rate (OR 0.72 95%CI 0.28-1.85). Furthermore, the pregnancy complications rate, gestational age or neonatal abnormalities rate between two groups was also comparable, while twice vitrification-warming procedures might increase the macrosomia rate (19.6% vs. 6.3%, P = 0.05).
Conclusion

Transfer of double vitrified-warmed embryo at cleavage stage and subsequent blastocyst stage did not affect live birth rate and neonatal abnormalities rate, but there was a tendency to increase macrosomia rate, which needs further investigation.
Somatology Practices in Non-medical Aesthetic Treatments: Towards Development of Good Practice Guidelines for Somatology in South Africa: a Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Borg Dorinda Raphine , Ross Ashley Hilton , Garosi Kabelo , Finlayson Avenal Jane , Mashamba-Thompson Tivani P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The medical aesthetics industry is a very profitable and rapidly growing branch of medicine. Currently, somatologists or beauty therapists who either independently perform or assist medical directors in these aesthetic procedures, are not regulated by a professional body in most countries including South Africa. The absence of a prescribed scope of practice, attributed to absence of formal professional regulation, has resulted in an increase in anecdotal reports of complications and malpractice being referred to medical professionals. Since the mandate of regulatory bodies is to guide the professions and to protect patients and the public, currently, the absence of regulation in the somatology profession exposes patients/clients to unsafe practices predominately in the private sector. The objective of this scoping review is to map evidence on the somatology practices and regulations for non-medical aesthetic treatments. Methods: We will conduct a scoping review using peer reviewed journal articles that present literature on the practice of non-medical aesthetic treatments. Grey literature including media reports, and unpublished theses will be included. Electronic searches of databases and search engines such as Scopus, CINAHL, EBSCOhost, Health Source - Consumer Edition; Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, Open Dissertations, Google Scholar and MEDLINE will be undertaken to attain published articles and reports from all study designs. Duplicated documents will be deleted prior to title screening commencing. All retrieved literature will be exported into an Endnote X20 library. The quality of each publication will be appraised using the mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT) – version 2018.Discussion: We will map the evidence of how non-medical treatments are commonly being performed by non-physicians and somatologists, including identifying which treatments and procedures are more at risk in resulting in adverse reactions if not administered ethically or correctly. Once summarised, the data could be used to develop relevant and current good practice guidelines that could be later integrated into a framework for somatologists performing non-medical aesthetics treatments in South Africa. Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework registration (https://osf.io/4fk8g/)