bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exogenous copper sulfide in returned asteroid Itokawa regolith grains are likely relicts of prior impacting body
Authors: Burgess Katherine D. , Stroud Rhonda M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSamples from asteroid 25143 Itokawa returned by the Hayabusa mission have been identified as LL4-6 ordinary chondrite materials and have shown it to be a rubble pile that aggregated after break-up of a parent body. Here we investigate particle RB-CV-0038 from the Itokawa regolith using scanning and transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. We identify a cubanite-chalcopyrite-troilite-pyrrhotite assemblage, the phases and structure of which are indicative of low-temperature, aqueous alteration. Cubanite is stable only at temperatures below around 250 °C and has thus far only been identified in CI carbonaceous chondrites and the comet 81P/Wild2 sample suite. Chalcopyrite is also very rare in the meteorite record and is found mostly in R chondrites and some CK chondrites. Because the Itokawa parent body experienced significant thermal alteration with little evidence of low-temperature equilibration or aqueous alteration, we propose that the assemblage we identify is most likely exogenous and represents a component of an impacting body.
Substrate-dependent competition and cooperation relationships between Geobacter and Dehalococcoides for their organohalide respiration
Authors: Liang Yongyi , Lu Qihong , Liang Zhiwei , Liu Xiaokun , Fang Wenwen , Liang Dawei , Kuang Jialiang , Qiu Rongliang , He Zhili , Wang Shanquan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Obligate and non-obligate organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) play central roles in the geochemical cycling and environmental bioremediation of organohalides. Their coexistence and interactions may provide functional redundancy and community stability to assure organohalide respiration efficiency but, at the same time, complicate isolation and characterization of specific OHRB. Here, we employed a growth rate/yield tradeoff strategy to enrich and isolate a rare non-obligate tetrachloroethene (PCE)-respiring Geobacter from a Dehalococcoides-predominant microcosm, providing experimental evidence for the rate/yield tradeoff theory in population selection. Surprisingly, further physiological and genomic characterizations, together with co-culture experiments, revealed three unique interactions (i.e., free competition, conditional competition and syntrophic cooperation) between Geobacter and Dehalococcoides for their respiration of PCE and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), depending on both the feeding electron donors (acetate/H2 vs. propionate) and electron acceptors (PCE vs. PCBs). This study provides the first insight into substrate-dependent interactions between obligate and non-obligate OHRB, as well as a new strategy to isolate fastidious microorganisms, for better understanding of the geochemical cycling and bioremediation of organohalides.
MFP‐Net: Multi‐scale feature pyramid network for crowd counting
Authors: Lei Tao , Zhang Dong , Wang Risheng , Li Shuying , Zhang Weijiang , Nandi Asoke K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAlthough deep learning has been widely used for dense crowd counting, it still faces two challenges. Firstly, the popular network models are sensitive to scale variance of human head, human occlusions, and complex background due to repeated utilization of vanilla convolution kernels. Secondly, the vanilla feature fusion often depends on summation or concatenation, which ignores the correlation of different features leading to information redundancy and low robustness to background noise. To address these issues, a multi‐scale feature pyramid network (MFP‐Net) for dense crowd counting is proposed in this paper. The proposed MFP‐Net makes two contributions. Firstly, the feature pyramid fusion module is designed that adopts rich convolutions with different depths and scales, not only to expand the receptive field, but also to improve the inference speed of models by using parallel group convolution. Secondly, a feature attention‐aware module is added in the feature fusion stage. The module can achieve local and global information fusion by capturing the importance of the spatial and channel domains to improve model robustness. The proposed MFP‐Net is evaluated on five publicly available datasets, and experiments show that the MFP‐Net not only provides better crowd counting results than comparative models, but also requires fewer parameters.
Infrared imaging enhancement through local window‐based saliency extraction with spatial weight
Authors: Li Tong , Zhao Jufeng , Wu Xiaohui , Mao Haifeng , Cui Guangmang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractInfrared image enhancement is an effective way to solve contrast reduction or details degradation in infrared imagery. An infrared enhancement approach based on local saliency extraction is proposed here. First, saliency maps are extracted within a local window by combining spatial weight. Second, with the change of the window size, potential targets and details in different sizes can be extracted. Considering window sizes as the scales, the saliency maps are obtained and infrared images are enhanced at different scales, and finally, multi‐scale fusion is used to achieve the enhancement. Eight popular infrared enhancement approaches are introduced for comparison. Subjective qualitative observation experiments show that our strategy based on local saliency analysis and multi‐scale fusion can well extract potential targets and areas of varying size from the source images with different sizes, to obtain a good enhancement effect. Meanwhile, we introduce six objective evaluation methods to measure the results, and the evaluation data to prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The experiments also indicate the real‐time processing capability of the proposed method. The proposed method is finally well applied in the hardware system and shows its good performance.
On the use of techno‐economic evaluation on typical integrated energy technologies matching different companies
Authors: Wang Zhenyu , Zhang Linjuan , Jiang Cheng , Xiao Chupeng , Wang Lili , Hu Wenbo , Yu Meng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper mainly establishes the cost‐benefit model for techno‐economic evaluation on typical integrated energy technologies matching different companies including photovoltaic, electric heat storage, ground source heat pump etc. The techno‐economic evaluation indicators such as net present value, investment payback period, and financial internal rate of return are considered. The proposed evaluation method is applied to separately analyze two real companies such as poultry and wood industry to conduct integrated energy technology matching, and then to analyze whether the configuration plan is feasible. The energy consumption and nature of the two enterprises are different, and the matched integrated energy technologies and the corresponding magnitudes are different. The results of the real case analyses show that the use of integrated energy technology will improve energy efficiency and reduce the energy costs.
Digitale Ernährungsberatung – ein Resümee
Authors: Hille Vera 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Ernährungsberatung ist im Zeitalter der digitalen Kommunikation angekommen. Durch die Corona-Pandemie erreichte der Wandel im Beratungsgeschehen im vergangenen Jahr eine ungeahnte Dynamik. Zeit für ein persönliches Resümee.
Implementation of mandatory ERCP registration in The Netherlands and compliance with European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy performance measures: a multicenter database study
Authors: Theunissen Felix , van der Wiel Sophia E. , ter Borg Pieter C. J. , Koch Arjun D. , Ouwendijk Rob J. T. , Slangen Rob M. E. , Siersema Peter D. , Bruno Marco J. ,   on behalf of the Trans.IT foundation study group
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background In 2018, the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and United European Gastroenterology (UEG) published quality performance measures for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Since January 2016, all endoscopists in the Netherlands have been required to register all ERCP procedures in a nationwide quality registry. This study aimed to evaluate the procedural success rates of ERCP after the implementation of mandatory national registration and to compare these with the ESGE quality performance measures.
Methods This study was conducted with data from a multicenter endoscopy database. Data from 2019 and 2020 were analyzed. The primary outcome was ERCP procedural outcome. ESGE performance measures that could be evaluated were the percentage of successful bile duct cannulations in patients with virgin papillary anatomy; successful stent placement for a biliary obstruction located below the liver hilum; and complete removal of bile duct stones (< 10 mm).
Result In total, 5295 ERCPs performed in 11 centers were included for analysis. The overall procedural success rate was 89.1 %. Successful biliary cannulation in patients with a virgin papilla was 90.3 % in nonacademic and 92.4 % in academic centers. The rates of successful stent placement in patients with a biliary obstruction located below the liver hilum were 97.0 % in nonacademic and 98.2 % in academic centers, and of successful bile duct stone extraction were 97.9 % in both nonacademic and academic centers.
Conclusions The quality of ERCPs performed met five of the six evaluated ESGE performance measures. The 95 % target for successful biliary cannulation in patients with virgin papillary anatomy in academic centers was not met. Mandatory registration provides valuable insight into ERCP performance rates.
Arterial Ischemic Stroke—Peculiarities of Clinical Presentation and Risk Factors in Indian Children
Authors: Goraya Jatinder Singh , Berry Shivankshi , Kaur Amandeep , Singh Gagandeep 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThere are not enough recent studies on arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in Indian children. We retrospectively reviewed data on 95 children (69 boys), aged 3 months to 17 years, with AIS. Focal signs were noted in 84 (88%) with hemiparesis in 72 (76%). Diffuse signs were present in 33 (35%) with fever in 22 (23%), altered mental status in 20 (21%), and headache in 12 (13%). Seizures occurred in 29 (31%) children. Arteriopathy was observed in 57 (60%) children with mineralizing lenticulostriate vasculopathy (mLSV) in 22 (23%) being the most common, followed by moyamoya in 14 (15%), arterial dissection in 9 (10%), and focal cerebral arteriopathy (FCA) in 8 (8%). Preceding head/neck trauma was present in 27 (28%) children: 23 had minor head trauma (MHT), 3 neck trauma, and 1 unspecified. Other common risk factors (RFs) were iron deficiency in 10 children, homocysteinemia in 8 children, and tuberculous meningitis in 5 children. Complete or nearly complete recovery occurred in 42 (44%). Nine children developed epilepsy and five cognitive and language disability. Stroke recurrences occurred in nine children. Overall, arteriopathies accounted for majority of the cases of childhood AIS in our study with mLSV and moyamoya being the most frequent. Compared with data from Western countries, FCAs, postvaricella arteriopathy, and arterial dissections were less common. Of the nonarteriopathic RFs, MHT, iron deficiency, homocysteinemia, and neuroinfections were most frequent in our cohort in contrast to cardioembolic diseases and inherited procoagulant conditions, which are common in developed countries.
Does Severity of Brain Injury on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predict Short-Term Outcome in Neonates Who Received Therapeutic Hypothermia?
Authors: Bhagat Indira , Agarwal Prashant , Sarkar Avishek , Dechert Ronald , Altinok Deniz , Chouthai Nitin 
Published: June 2021

Objective The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pattern of brain injury is a known biomarker of childhood outcome following therapeutic hypothermia for neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). However, usefulness of this classification has not been evaluated to predict short-term outcomes. The study aimed to test the hypothesis that infants with NICHD MRI pattern of severe hypoxic–ischemic brain injury will be sicker with more severe asphyxia-induced multiorgan dysfunction resulting in prolonged length of stay (LOS) following therapeutic hypothermia. We also evaluated the role of other risk factors which may prolong LOS.
Study Design We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 71 consecutively cooled neonates to examine the ability of MRI patterns of brain injury to predict the LOS. A neuroradiologist masked to outcomes classified the patterns of brain injury on MRI as per NICHD. Pattern 2A (basal ganglia thalamic, internal capsule, or watershed infarction), 2B (2A with cerebral lesions), and 3 (hemispheric devastation) of brain injury was deemed “severe injury.”
Results Out of 71 infants, 59 surviving infants had both MRI and LOS data. LOS was higher for infants who had Apgar's score of ≤5 at 10 minutes, severe HIE, seizures, coagulopathy, or needed vasopressors or inhaled nitric oxide, or had persistent feeding difficulty, or remained intubated following cooling. However, median LOS did not differ between the infants with and without MRI pattern of severe injury (15 days, interquartile range [IQR]: 9–28 vs. 12 days, IQR: 10–20; p = 0.4294). On multivariate linear regression analysis, only persistent feeding difficulty (β coefficient = 11, p = 0.001; or LOS = 11 days longer if had feeding difficulty) and ventilator days (β coefficient 1.7, p < 0.001; or LOS increased 1.7 times for each day of ventilator support) but not the severity of brain injury predicted LOS.
Conclusion Unlike neurodevelopmental outcome, LOS is not related to severity of brain injury as defined by the NICHD.
Key Points
Assessment and Management of Delirium in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: A Review
Authors: Liviskie Caren , McPherson Christopher , Luecke Caitlyn 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMany critically ill patients suffer from delirium which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. There is a paucity of data about the incidence, symptoms, or treatment of delirium in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Risk factors for delirium are common in the PICU including central nervous system immaturity, developmental delay, mechanical ventilation, and use of anticholinergic agents, corticosteroids, vasopressors, opioids, or benzodiazepines. Hypoactive delirium is the most common subtype in pediatric patients; however, hyperactive delirium has also been reported. Various screening tools are validated in the pediatric population, with the Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium (CAPD) applicable to the largest age range and able to detect signs and symptoms consistent with both hypo- and hyperactive delirium. Treatment of delirium should always include identification and reversal of the underlying etiology, reserving pharmacologic management for those patients without symptom resolution, or with significant impact to medical care. Atypical antipsychotics (olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone) should be used first-line in patients requiring pharmacologic treatment owing to their apparent efficacy and low incidence of reported adverse effects. The choice of atypical antipsychotic should be based on adverse effect profile, available dosage forms, and consideration of medication interactions. Intravenous haloperidol may be a potential treatment option in patients unable to tolerate oral medications and with significant symptoms. However, given the high incidence of serious adverse effects with intravenous haloperidol, routine use should be avoided. Dexmedetomidine should be used when sedation is needed and when clinically appropriate, given the positive impact on delirium. Additional well-designed trials assessing screening and treatment of PICU delirium are needed.
Anxiety, gender, and social media consumption predict COVID-19 emotional distress
Authors: Heffner Joseph , Vives Marc-Lluís , FeldmanHall Oriel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFear and anxiety about COVID-19 have swept across the globe. Understanding the factors that contribute to increased emotional distress regarding the pandemic is paramount—especially as experts warn about rising cases. Despite large amounts of data, it remains unclear which variables are essential for predicting who will be most affected by the distress of future waves. We collected cross-sectional data on a multitude of socio-psychological variables from a sample of 948 United States participants during the early stages of the pandemic. Using a cross-validated hybrid stepwise procedure, we developed a descriptive model of COVID-19 emotional distress. Results reveal that trait anxiety, gender, and social (but not government) media consumption were the strongest predictors of increasing emotional distress. In contrast, commonly associated variables, such as age and political ideology, exhibited much less unique explanatory power. Together, these results can help public health officials identify which populations will be especially vulnerable to experiencing COVID-19-related emotional distress.
Ende oration and final /n/-realisation
Authors: Lindsey Kate L. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a sociophonetic analysis of word-final /n/-elision in Ende (Pahoturi River; Papuan). An analysis of 73 speakers reveals that tense, phonological context, and most significantly, whether or not the speaker is a kawa practitioner, a prestigious type of public oration, are significantly correlated with /n/-retention. A closer look at just five kawa practitioners reveals that age and genre may also play a role. The present study matches Schokkin’s analysis of /n/-elision in Idi (this issue). Indeed, the findings support her conclusions that this pattern is one of /n/-elision (not /n/-addition) and show similarities in conditioning factors. Analysing sociolinguistic variation in this region presents a unique set of benefits and challenges. This paper discusses how emically-derived categories relating to age, clan, and orator status may deviate from characterisations of prestige in Westernised and urbanised societies but better fit southern New Guinea’s social context.
Cultivars and plant improvement.
Authors: Mitra Sisir 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

The major objectives of guava breeding are aimed at improving both plant and fruit characteristics such as to develop high-yielding, high-quality dwarf cultivars with fruits of uniform shape, good size, attractive skin and pulp colour, fewer and/or soft seeds, resistant to wilt, nematodes and long storage life. Selection of superior seedlings has resulted in the development of a number of cultivars in different countries. This chapter describes the Psidium species used in breeding (Psidium cattleyanum, P. guineense, P. acutangulum, P. friedrichsthalianum, P. angulatum and P. littorale), objectives of breeding programmes, introduction and selection, inheritance pattern, interspecific hybridization, polyploidy, mutation and molecular characterization. Guava cultivars growing in different countries (Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Israel, Malaysia, Mexico, Pakistan, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, USA and vietnam) are also described.
Cut foliages.
Authors: Faust James E. , Dole John M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

This chapter focuses on cut foliage, which refers to leaves and stems harvested for the purpose of providing texture, color and depth to bouquets and floral arrangements. Information on the categorization of cut foliage species based on various environmental factors and harvest and postharvest systems. Some examples of tropical and subtropical cut foliage species are provided along with their cultivation, harvesting and postharvest requirements are also presented.
Evaluation of acrylamide-based molecularly imprinted polymer thin-sheets for specific protein capture—a myoglobin model
Authors: Sullivan Mark V , Dennison Sarah R , Hayes Joseph M , Reddy Subrayal M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We evaluate a series of thin-sheet hydrogel molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), using a family of acrylamide-based monomers, selective for the target protein myoglobin (Mb). The simple production of the thin-sheet MIP offers an alternative biorecognition surface that is robust, stable and uniform, and has the potential to be adapted for biosensor applications. The MIP containing the functional monomer N-hydroxymethylacrylamide (NHMAm), produced optimal specific rebinding of the target protein (Mb) with 84.9% (± 0.7) rebinding and imprinting and selectivity factors of 1.41 and 1.55, respectively. The least optimal performing MIP contained the functional monomer N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAm) with 67.5% (± 0.7) rebinding and imprinting and selectivity factors of 1.11 and 1.32, respectively. Hydrogen bonding effects, within a protein-MIP complex, were investigated using computational methods and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The quantum mechanical calculations predictions of a red shift of the monomer carbonyl peak is borne-out within FTIR spectra, with three of the MIPs, acrylamide, N-(hydroxymethyl) acrylamide, and N-(hydroxyethyl) acrylamide, showing peak downshifts of 4, 11, and 8 cm−1, respectively.
RENANO: a REference-based compressor for NANOpore FASTQ files
Authors: Dufort y Álvarez Guillermo , Seroussi Gadiel , Smircich Pablo , Sotelo-Silveira José , Ochoa Idoia , Martín Álvaro 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Nanopore sequencing technologies are rapidly gaining popularity, in part, due to the massive amounts of genomic data they produce in short periods of time (up to 8.5 TB of data in &lt;72 h). To reduce the costs of transmission and storage, efficient compression methods for this type of data are needed.

Results
We introduce RENANO, a reference-based lossless data compressor specifically tailored to FASTQ files generated with nanopore sequencing technologies. RENANO improves on its predecessor ENANO, currently the state of the art, by providing a more efficient base call sequence compression component. Two compression algorithms are introduced, corresponding to the following scenarios: (1) a reference genome is available without cost to both the compressor and the decompressor and (2) the reference genome is available only on the compressor side, and a compacted version of the reference is included in the compressed file. We compare the compression performance of RENANO against ENANO on several publicly available nanopore datasets. RENANO improves the base call sequences compression of ENANO by 39.8% in scenario (1), and by 33.5% in scenario (2), on average, over all the datasets. As for total file compression, the average improvements are 12.7% and 10.6%, respectively. We also show that RENANO consistently outperforms the recent general-purpose genomic compressor Genozip.

Availability and implementation
RENANO is freely available for download at: https://github.com/guilledufort/RENANO.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.