bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stop going around in circles: towards a reconceptualisation of disaster risk management phases
Authors: Bosher Lee , Chmutina Ksenia , van Niekerk Dewald 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThe way that disasters are managed, or indeed mis-managed, is often represented diagrammatically as a “disaster cycle”. The cyclical aspects of the disaster (risk) management concept, comprised of numerous operational phases, have, in recent years, been criticised for conceptualising and representing disasters in an overly simplistic way that typically starts with a disaster “event” – and subsequently leads onto yet another disaster. Such cyclical thinking has been proven to not be very useful for the complexities associated with understanding disasters and their risks. This paper aims to present an alternative conceptualisation of the Disaster Risk Management phases, in a way that can better factor in the underlying root causes that create differential levels of vulnerability.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper developed, through a review of the literature and discussions between the authors, as a counterpoint to the pervasive “disaster cycle”.FindingsThe “Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Helix” is presented as an alternative way of conceptualising the DRM phases. The helictical conceptualisation of DRM phases presented in this paper is intentionally presented to start a discussion (rather than as an end point) on how best to move away from the constraints of the “disaster cycle”.Originality/valueIt is envisaged that the helictical conceptualisation of DRM can be suitably malleable to include important factors such as temporal considerations and the underlying root causes that create differential levels of vulnerability. It is, thus, the intention that the DRM Helix can provide a catalyst for exciting discussions and future adaptations of the diagram that can better capture the dynamic (non-cyclical) nature of disasters and their root causes.
A Bayesian belief network predictive model for construction delay avoidance in the UK
Authors: Wang Peipei , Fenn Peter , Wang Kun , Huang Yunhan 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to advise on UK construction delay strategies. Critical delay factors were identified and their interrelationships were explored; in addition, a predictive model was established upon the factors and interrelationships to calculate delay potentials.Design/methodology/approachThe critical causes were identified by a literature review, verified by an open-ended questionnaire survey and then analysed with 299 samples returned from structured questionnaire surveys. The model consisted of factors screened out by Pearson product–moment correlational coefficient, constructed by a logical reasoning process and then quantified by conducting Bayesian belief networks parameter learning.FindingsThe technical aspect of construction project management was less critical while the managerial aspect became more emphasised. Project factors and client factors present relatively weak impact on construction delay, while contractor factors, contractual arrangement factors and distinctively interaction factors present relatively strong impact.Research limitations/implicationsThis research does not differentiate delay types, such as excusable vs non-excusable ones and compensable vs non-compensable ones. The model nodes have been tested to be critical to construction delay, but the model structure is mostly based on previous literature and logical deduction. Further research could be done to accommodate delay types and test the relationships.Originality/valueThis research updates critical delay factor list for the UK construction projects, suggesting general rules for resource allocation concerning delay avoidance. Besides, this research establishes a predictive model, assisting delay avoidance strategies on a case-by-case basis.
Pre-event competitiveness: exploring residents’ perceptions of place management and local impacts
Authors: Wise Nicholas , Đurkin Badurina Jelena , Perić Marko 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
There is a need to rethink destination competitiveness research, which tends to overlook local impacts of events and new developments. Conducting pre-event research challenges researchers to move beyond analyzing competitiveness as an end (concerning strategy, tangible outcomes, economic deliverables and value for visitors) to assessing competitiveness as a beginning (through perceptions of place management and local impacts).

Design/methodology/approach
Survey research with local residents explores competitiveness pertinent to perceptions of place management and local impacts. Participation, enthusiasm and information availability are independent variables to assess whether statistically significant differences exist among residents’ perceptions. In total, 454 surveys were collected; the analysis involved exploratory factor analysis and t-test.

Findings
Factor analysis revealed two factors for place management (organizational competencies; managing awareness) and local impacts (awareness of social benefits; local interest and support). Enthusiasm and information availability have stronger influences on residents’ perceptions than participation in pre-event activities.

Practical implications
More emphasis needs put on ensuring information availability promotes enthusiasm, to help encourage participation. These three variables are a necessary basis for exploring residents’ pre-event perceptions – a key starting point to guide decision-making through later stages of an event life-cycle.

Originality/value
Events and competitiveness studies focusing specifically on information availability and enthusiasm of residents is little-explored. By exploring these variables and extending insight on participation, this paper contributes to the literature by assessing pre-event resident perceptions of place management and local impacts (with data collected as event developments were being realized).
Culture, Islamic capital and the entrepreneurial behaviour of family firms in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alrubaishi Dalal , McAdam Maura , Harrison Richard 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThere is a significant gap in understanding with regards to the role of cultural context in family business research. This paper aims to address this by exploring the critical and pervasive influence of culture in shaping the entrepreneurial behaviours of family businesses based in Saudi Arabia.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopt a qualitative interpretive case study approach, which draws upon interviews with the incumbents and successors of ten Saudi Arabian family firms.FindingsThe authors’ empirical evidence reveals the importance of family ties and culture on the entrepreneurial behaviour of family firms in general, and the influence of “Islamic capital” on the intergenerational transfer of family legacy in particular.Originality/valueThe authors provide critical insights on how Islamic capital motivates Saudi family firms to maintain harmony, avoid disputes and create a legacy for future generations by engaging in entrepreneurial behaviours.
Examining the adoption of emergency remote teaching and virtual learning during and after COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Anthony Jnr Bokolo , Noel Selwyn 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThe Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has already had a significant disruptive impact on the society, posing challenges to the provision of education across the world. Due to this crises governments over the world have temporarily closed educational institutions to help reduce the spread of COVID-19. Accordingly, educational institutions are deploying innovative emergency remote teaching (ERT) and virtual learning (VL) approaches for students to study at home. Digital technologies are being employed as a positive response to COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study draws on existing literature and theories of online learning and change management to provide evidence on the state of art of ERT and VL.Design/methodology/approachThis current study employs a systemic review of 53 sources to provide descriptive analysis leveraging on secondary sources from the literature and document reports on theories of online learning and change management, COVID-19, pandemic, emergency remote teaching and virtual learning.FindingsFindings from this study present the theories of online learning and change management and significance and challenges of adopting ERT and VL during the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, our findings present application platforms that are being deployed for the adoption of ERT and VL during and after COVID-19 pandemic. Lastly, the findings explore potential strategies as recommendations to be employed to improve current and future adoption of ERT and VL in educational institutions.Originality/valueThis study draws on existing literature and adds to existing body of knowledge by exploring the adoption of emergency remote teaching and virtual learning during and after COVID-19 pandemic. This study provides a timely guide on the potential of emergency remote teaching and virtual learning in higher education as a response to COVID-19 crises now and into the future. This study discusses the theories of online learning and change management and also offers recommendations to educationalists and policymakers in educational institutions on addressing the crisis.
Financial impact of high land prices on the viability of winery startup projects
Authors: Santos Michael , Richman Vincent , Hu Aidong 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
Does it make economic sense to invest in winery startups with high land prices? This paper aims to apply a capital budgeting analysis for a startup project to investigate the role of land prices in the decision-making of a wine entrepreneur.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a capital budgeting analysis to evaluate the value of a winery project using the six investment criteria: net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), modified IRR, profitability index, payback period (PB) and discounted PB.

Findings
This study finds that high land prices are economically justifiable (NPV is greater or equal to zero) when the weighted average capital cost is sufficiently low for investors who are able to diversify risks and with access to a cheap source of funds. Additionally, this study demonstrates that wine entrepreneurs need a long-term investment horizon because the recovery of the initial investment in winery startup projects takes many years.

Research limitations/implications
The startup winery projects are heavily influenced by wine pricing, production and cost assumptions. As a result, different assumptions made at other wine regions may result in slightly different outcomes for the acceptability of the wine startup projects.

Practical implications
High land prices are economically justified for investors and entrepreneurs with the ability to diversify risk and access to cheap financial resources. As such, land prices can be a critical obstacle for individual entrepreneurs who experience a lack of capital.

Social implications
In the famous wine regions of the world, high land prices may result in more wineries being owned by the capital rich wine conglomerates.

Originality/value
This paper provides estimations of land prices based on financial methods to discuss the justification of observed prices and the implications regarding the ability of investors and entrepreneurs to access capital.
Policy and practical implications for workforce nationalization in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries
Authors: Elbanna Said 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThis study aims to advance practice and research on workforce nationalization in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries through identifying relevant policy and practical implications needed to implement nationalization initiatives effectively.Design/methodology/approachThe author followed a two-stage approach. Stage 1 reviewed the literature to identify relevant papers on workforce nationalization in the GCC region. Stage 2 used a thematic analysis to propose relevant implications for both policy makers and employers.FindingsThrough the lens of four perspectives at different levels, i.e. legal, organizational, human development and socio-cultural perspectives, the author has identified ten policy and practical implications. Both governments and employers need to consider these when developing holistic strategies for effective workforce nationalization.Originality/valueOver several decades, the GCC countries have been implementing several nationalization initiatives to increase the percentage and qualifications of their national employees. The significance of these initiatives stems from the fact that the GCC countries lack adequately trained citizens. Moreover, regardless of political attitudes toward foreigners, development plans for modernization, industrialization or urbanization heavily relies on foreign employees. This is because nationals represent the minority of employees and are largely employed in the public sector. This phenomenon needs the attention of scholars to discuss different aspects of nationalization and how to effectively implement it.
Global and local sensitivity analysis of the Emission Dispersion Model input parameters
Authors: Chettouh Samia 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThe objectives of this paper are the application of sensitivity analysis (SA) methods in atmospheric dispersion modeling to the emission dispersion model (EDM) to study the prediction of atmospheric dispersion of NO2 generated by an industrial fire, whose results are useful for fire safety applications. The EDM is used to predict the level concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emitted by an industrial fire in a plant located in an industrial region site in Algeria.Design/methodology/approachThe SA was defined for the following input parameters: wind speed, NO2 emission rate and viscosity and diffusivity coefficients by simulating the air quality impacts of fire on an industrial area. Two SA methods are used: a local SA by using a one at a time technique and a global SA, for which correlation analysis was conducted on the EDM using the standardized regression coefficient.FindingsThe study demonstrates that, under ordinary weather conditions and for the fields near to the fire, the NO2 initial concentration has the most influence on the predicted NO2 levels than any other model input. Whereas, for the far field, the initial concentration and the wind speed have the most impact on the NO2 concentration estimation.Originality/valueThe study shows that an effective decision-making process should not be only based on the mean values, but it should, in particular, consider the upper bound plume concentration.
Case of pemphigoid vegetans with autoantibodies against the BP180 C‐terminal domain and BP230 antigen
Authors: Doi Chiaki , Shiraishi Ken , Koga Hiroshi , Ishii Norito , Sayama Koji 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPemphigoid vegetans is a rare variant of bullous pemphigoid characterized by vegetative and purulent lesions of the groin, axillae, thighs, hands, eyelids, and perioral regions. The clinical features and histological findings of pemphigus vegetans and immunohistochemical characteristics of bullous pemphigoid are shown. An 86‐year‐old woman presented with vegetative lesions in the vulva and groin, and blisters on the head, neck, axillae, and thighs. Although clinically suspected as pemphigus vegetans, skin biopsy showed subepidermal clefts with eosinophil infiltration and eosinophilic pustules in the epidermis. Direct immunofluorescence analysis showed linear deposition of immunoglobulin (Ig)G along the basement membrane zone. Indirect immunofluorescence using 1 mol/L NaCl salt‐split skin showed linear deposition of IgG on the epidermal side. Chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay were positive for BP180 and BP230. Immunoblotting of recombinant protein of the BP180 C‐terminal domain showed positive reactivity. Pemphigoid vegetans was diagnosed and treated successfully with oral corticosteroids. This is the first case of pemphigoid vegetans reported to date with detection of autoantibodies against both BP180 C‐terminal domain and BP230.
‘Not a good time’: Assessing the economic impact of COVID‐19 in Africa using a macro‐micro simulation approach
Authors: Morsy Hanan , Balma Lacina , Mukasa Adamon N. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe paper studies the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic on African economies and household welfare using a top‐down sequential macro‐micro simulation approach. The pandemic is modeled as a supply shock that disrupts economic activities of African countries and then affects households’ consumption behavior, the level of their welfare, and businesses’ investment decisions. The macroeconomic dynamic general equilibrium model is calibrated to account for informality, a key feature of African economies. We find that COVID‐19 could diminish employment in the formal and informal sectors and contract consumption of non‐savers and, especially, savers. These contractions would lead to an economic recession in Africa and widen both fiscal and current account deficits. Extreme poverty is expected to increase further in Africa, in particular if the welfare of the poorest households grows at lower rates. We also use the macroeconomic model to analyze the effects of different fiscal policy responses to the COVID‐19 pandemic.
The Politics of Levelling Up
Authors: Jennings Will , McKay Lawrence , Stoker Gerry 
Published: May 2021

Abstract‘Levelling up’ is an expression of a realignment in British politics with the Conservatives presenting themselves as the new party of redistribution. This is not primarily concerned with redistribution between social classes, or even between regions, but rather targets communities that feel they have lost their centrality and standing. This seemingly surprising manoeuvre is facilitated by voters’ distrust of politics, a geography of discontent that reflects uneven patterns of social and economic development, and the Conservative Party's capacity for pragmatic shifts in ideological direction. Yet, the sustainability of this project is uncertain. Levelling up creates opportunities for high‐profile initiatives and symbols of change through which the government can craft a narrative of success. It may also help the Conservatives appeal to voters that lean one way on economics but another on social issues by targeting attention and interventions in specific places—in a way that speaks to some voters’ feelings of having been neglected over many decades and having lost status to other groups in society. The tensions in delivering levelling up reflect the complexity of the changes wrought by globalisation and technological change, but the challenge for progressive forces is to develop a better alternative—a far from easy task.
Return to school after acquired brain injury in the UK – the educators' perspectives
Authors: Bate Catherine , Turner Kim , Fricke Silke 
Published: May 2021

Childhood acquired brain injury (ABI) is associated with poorer life outcomes. Increasing numbers of children and young people are surviving severe brain injury and returning to mainstream schools with multiple impairments. It is widely acknowledged that for these children, their school becomes by default their rehabilitation centre. International studies of this transition and a recent UK government report criticize educators' inconsistent implementation of support strategies, lack of educator training and poor communication between clinicians, educators, child and family. The educators' perspectives of the return‐to‐school are, however, not well represented in the literature. This study therefore explored the experiences of educators in the UK (N = 10) who had recently facilitated a return‐to‐school of a child with ABI aged 8–12 (N = 5) using semi‐structured interviews analysed by data‐driven thematic analysis. The findings highlight common experiences: a continuum of intensive problem‐solving with heavy reliance on the Special Educational Needs Coordinator; educators valuing collaboration with clinical specialists in context over general ‘training’; uncertainty over the validity of implementing support strategies from prior teaching experience; uncertainty about how to support the child's emotional needs; and frustration with UK statutory processes for Special Educational Needs and Disabilities. Recommendations are made for changes to practice and future research.
AcrAB, the major RND‐type efflux pump of Photorhabdus laumondii, confers intrinsic multidrug‐resistance and contributes to virulence in insects
Authors: Hadchity Linda , Lanois Anne , Kiwan Paloma , Nassar Fida , Givaudan Alain , Khattar Ziad Abi 
Published: May 2021

SummaryThe resistance‐nodulation‐division (RND)‐type efflux pumps AcrAB and MdtABC contribute to multidrug‐resistance (MDR) in Gram‐negative bacteria. Photorhabdus is a symbiotic bacterium of soil nematodes that also produces virulence factors killing insects by septicaemia. We previously showed that mdtA deletion in Photorhabdus laumondii TT01 resulted in no detrimental phenotypes. Here, we investigated the roles of the last two putative RND transporters in TT01 genome, AcrAB and AcrAB‐like (Plu0759‐Plu0758). Only ΔacrA and ΔmdtAΔacrA mutants were multidrug sensitive, even to triphenyltetrazolium chloride and bromothymol blue used for Photorhabdus isolation from nematodes on the nutrient bromothymol blue‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride agar (NBTA) medium. Both mutants also displayed slightly attenuated virulence after injection into Spodoptera littoralis. Transcriptional analysis revealed intermediate levels of acrAB expression in vitro, in vivo and post‐mortem, whereas its putative transcriptional repressor acrR was weakly expressed. Yet, plasmid‐mediated acrR overexpression did not decrease acrAB transcript levels neither MDR in TT01 WT. While no pertinent mutations were detected in acrR of the same P. laumondii strain grown either on NBTA or nutrient agar, we suggest that AcrR‐mediated repression of acrAB is not physiologically required under conditions tested. Finally, we propose that AcrAB is the primary RND‐efflux pump, which is essential for MDR in Photorhabdus and may confer adaptive advantages during insect infection.
Detection of a pinhole‐sized bronchoesophageal fistula under bronchoscopic autofluorescence imaging
Authors: Morikawa Kei , Izawa Naoki , Kida Hirotaka , Handa Hiroshi , Inoue Takeo , Mineshita Masamichi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAutofluorescence imaging (AFI) is a technique for detecting early‐stage lung cancer by amplifying the difference in autofluorescence of the bronchial mucosa. However, there are few reports detailing its other applications. Here, we report the case of a 54‐year‐old woman with stage IVa esophageal cancer who completed chemoradiation therapy, but developed a bronchoesophageal fistula at the left main bronchus and underwent fasting treatment. Computed tomography confirmed that the fistula had closed; however, she subsequently developed aspiration pneumonia and underwent bronchoscopy for confirmation. Although it was difficult to identify the site of the pinhole bronchoesophageal fistula under white light, AFI could easily identify the fistula and digestive mucus in light magenta. AFI may therefore be worth considering for the detection of pinhole bronchoesophageal fistulas.