bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health professionalism and health profession education in the 21st century
Authors: Ploylearmsang Chanuttha 
Published: November 2021

The dramatic, rapid and uncertain changes from the 20th to the 21st century are called global megatrends. Such trends are the emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, an aging society, environmental hazards, behavioural risks, and more complicated lifestyles of humans in the digital age with advanced information technology (IT) that impact much on epidemiological transitions, health security and healthcare. Health professionals are the key persons for dealing with these challenging healthcare trends. The next generation of health professionals should be equipped with high professionalism especially for the components of humanism that artificial intelligence (AI) cannot replicate. Moreover, interprofessional collaborative teamwork among health professionals is a required skill for working in dynamic transitions such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Interprofessional education (IPE) is one of the essential strategies for enhancing teamwork skills in learners. Six previously reported trends in health profession education for the 21st century are summarized, including interprofessional education, longitudinal integrated clinical education, understanding partnerships and social determination of health in patients, life-long learning, competency-based skills changeable over time, and AI and IT integrated in education. The connection among megatrends, trends in healthcare, health professionalism and health professional’s education will be important issues in academia for both health educators and health professionals.
TO DEVELOP FORENSIC CRITERIA FOR THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE OF TRAUMATIC AND NON-TRAUMATIC ORIGIN USING MUELLER-MATRIX MICROSCOPY OF LINEAR DICHROISM
Authors: Garazdiuk Marta , Bachynskyі Viktor , Nechytailo Olena , Garazdiuk Oleksandr 
Published: November 2021

Differential diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage due to traumatic and non-traumatic origin is a challenging issue, especially in the absence of visible body injuries and other signs of violence. For a forensic expert-practitioner, the main thing is objectivity, accuracy, and speed of obtaining the result, which could fully satisfy the methods of laser polarimetry in the case of differential diagnosis of hemorrhages of traumatic and non-traumatic origin in the human brain matter.
The purpose: To develop forensic criteria for the differential diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage of traumatic and non-traumatic origin using Mueller-matrix microscopy of linear dichroism.
Materials and methods: The object of the study was brain matter samples, collected in 115 corpses of both sexes aged 22 to 86 years with accurately known causes of death. The causes of death included coronary artery disease, traumatic brain hemorrhage, ischemic brain infarction, and non-traumatic brain hemorrhages. Brain matter samples have been frozen rapidly, and histological sections have been made using a freezing microtome. The slices have been evaluated using the method of azimuthal-invariant Mueller-matrix microscopy, followed by mathematical and statistical processing of the results.
Results: significant topographic heterogeneity of Mueller-matrix invariants of brain matter samples linear dichroism maps among all research groups have been found. Individual and significant variations of dispersion, asymmetry, and kurtosis magnitude have confirmed the heterogeneity of Mueller-matrix invariants. The difference of images and histograms among groups is explained by the presence of necrotic changes in the case of ischemic brain necrosis and blood cells in the brain matter samples. For the set of central statistical moments of the 1st, 3rd, and 4th orders, which characterize the distributions of circular dichroism, the method of MM-microscopy in the differentiation of samples of non-hemorrhage and hemorrhage groups reaches a satisfactory level - 78% - 84%.
Conclusions: Brain matter samples Muller-matrix microscopy of linear dichroism is effective for solving diagnostic problems of forensic medicine related to evaluating the cause of death from intracerebral hemorrhage of various origins. Diagnostic efficiency of Mueller-matrix mapping of polarization manifestations of linear dichroism method for intergroup differentiation of samples of deaths from traumatic hemorrhage (Group 2) and ischemic cerebral infarction (Group 3) reaches a satisfactory level of 79 - 84%.
PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF LEMNA MINOR L. IN CHRONIC BLEOMYCIN–INDUCED LUNG INFLAMMATION
Authors: Karamalakova Yanka , Koleva Iliana , Georgiev Tzvetelin , Akram Muhammad , Nikolova Galina 
Published: November 2021

This research investigates the probable effects of induced chronic (28 days) lung inflammations by Bleomycin (BLM) and its oxidative-toxicity protection by the aquatic extract of Lemna minor L. (LME). Balb/c male mice were in every two days exposed to: (1) a controlled normal diet, (2) an LME treatment (120 mg/kg bwt, i.p.), (3) a BLM treatment (0.34 U/kg bwt, i.p.), and (4) an LME (120 mg/kg bwt, i.p.) administered two hours prior to the BLM. At the 30 experimental days of chronic BLM administration, the mice were sacrificed and fresh lung tissue was collected for biochemical determination and EPR analysis. The BLM treatment significantly increased the biochemical indices two-fold (SOD, CAT, MDA, TC) than controls. Furthermore, lung/alveolar cell experiments were performed to investigate the LME modulative and oxidative-protection effect. The results revealed that LME alone and in combination (LME + BLM) inhibited BLM expression by significantly reducing EPR-ascorbate (p < 0.05), ROS production (p < 0.05), and by enhancing enzymatic antioxidants. As a conclusion, our results indicated that chronic BLM toxicity and lung inflammation could be neutralized by long-term LME treatment. Therefore, LME + BLM prevented the detrimental impacts of BLM and have proved to have a potential therapeutic effect on the oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes and alleviation of lung inflammations.
ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT PREVENTIVE MEASURES TO IMPROVE HOME OFFICE ERGONOMICS – RESULTS FROM A STUDY ON THE FIRST WAVE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN LATVIA
Authors: Matisāne Linda , Paegle Linda , Vanadziņš Ivars , Anna Linde Asnate , Rozentāle Sarmīte , Grīntāle Ieva , Mietule Iveta , Lonska Jeļena , Litavniece Lienīte , Arbidāne Iluta 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Telework, also known as remote work, distance work, telecommuting, was gaining popularity already before the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite benefits, telework can also cause workers' mental and physical health, and forced telework during the COVID-19 pandemic has promoted the onset of these problems.
Objectives: The objective of the study was to analyze the management of ergonomics in teleworking workplaces and the association between pain longer than three days and preventive measures provided by employers in Latvia during the 1st emergency restrictions, which were in force between 12 March and 9 June 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Web-survey was used to gather information from respondents – workers. In total, 1006 workers fully filled in the questionnaire in October 2020. Four hundred eighty-three teleworkers of both genders were identified.
Results: 35.7% of respondents reported pain longer than three days. The odds of pain were increased in case of lack of all analyzed preventive measures. For those who reported not being provided with a computer and other IT equipment OR for pain was 1.50 (CI 0.95-2.37). Even higher OR was observed in case of not receiving advice on how to arrange an ergonomic workstation (OR= 2.37, CI 1.32-4.25) and not having identified working conditions (OR= 2.61, CI 1.43-4.77). The highest risk was observed if the employer had not provided an office table and office chair (OR=5.46, CI 1.78-16.80).
Conclusion: Teleworkers not receiving support from the employer on the arrangement of home offices have an increased risk of having pain for longer than three days. Provision of an office worktable, an office chair, advice on how to arrange an ergonomic workplace and provision of workplace risk assessment are key measures to be taken by the employer to improve home office ergonomics of their workers.
IMPACT OF SOCIO-CULTURAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE COMMUNICATIVE DESIGN IN GALICIA
Authors: Borysenko Olha , Mygal Stanislav 
Published: November 2021

The development of information and communication technologies has determined their spreading in the design of the visual information environment of human activity. This was the main reason for this research — the search for the starting points of the communicative design in Galicia as the phenomenon of artistic-project culture and examining it. The methodological basis of the paper includes interdisciplinary and system approaches in solving the assigned tasks.
The comparative historical analysis and the culturological method has been used to analyze socio-cultural processes in Galicia. This paper analyzes the historical and socio-cultural preconditions for the formation and development of design in Galicia. This paper observed that public organizations, industrial committees, associations, educational and cultural societies have a salience role in improving the design of industrial products. The graphic design of printing products, advertising style, photo, and film productions models the communication characteristics and identity of the graphic design objects.
The result of the probability of design in Galicia was obvious due to the activity of artists, whose graphic design works created harmonious communicative encirclement of human activity.
The complexity of the language of European aesthetics and the sources of national creativity of the Galician masters constituted the paradigmatic basis of communication design. An integral communicative and multifaceted process in the context of socio-cultural transformation consolidated the phenomenon of formation and development of design in Galicia..
EXPLORING OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE RETURN OF BULGARIAN MIGRANTS IN RESPONSE TO THE GROWING NEED FOR SPECIALIZED STAFF IN SOFIA
Authors: Dragneva Joanna , Popova-Hristova Maria 
Published: November 2021

This article examines the issues related to Bulgarian migration after the country acceded to the EU in 2007 and focuses its research on the phenomenon of “brain drain” – the process of mass emigration during which specialists, scientists and skilled workers leave. Today, this phenomenon is quite typical for Bulgaria as part of the former socialist countries of Eastern Europe. The problems associated with the “brain drain” are very relevant as the country suffers significant economic and cultural losses while the host countries acquire large and inexpensive intellectual capital.
During the years of transition, Bulgaria strives to be a full member of the EU and provide opportunities for development and realization of specialists, scientists, and researchers. This requires the adoption of measures and initiatives to establish sustainable development in the capital and in the country and meet the need for highly skilled labor in the industrial sphere.
The article aims to explore the possibilities for the return of Bulgarian migrants in response to the growing need for specialized staff in Sofia. The quantitative study involved more than 500 Bulgarian migrants residing in different host countries, selected randomly and responded voluntarily.
The article defends the thesis that if Bulgaria provides opportunities to develop specialized staff through the undertaking of specific initiatives, this can be an attraction and a motive for the return of Bulgarian migrants.
The study methodology utilizes the quantitative studies model (and, more specifically, the questionnaire method). To obtain more reliable results, their interpretation also includes additional statistical tools. The question whether a correlation exists between the age and the degree of settlement of Bulgarians abroad is of special interest and has been investigated using the Cramér V.
The results show that in recent years the need for specialized staff is constantly growing. In response to this need, the initiatives that are undertaken are aimed at innovations in science and education. The study also takes into account the readiness of Bulgarian migrants to return home.
FAMILY LIFE CRISIS – A COMBINATION OF TRADITIONAL AND POSTMODERN VALUES AND FORMS OF LIFE
Authors: Mareková Hermína 
Published: November 2021

In the recent times, we are witnessing turbulent changes in society which cannot be avoided, even by families. These changes began to manifest themselves most markedly at the end of World War I and became more pronounced in the second half of the 20th century. A diverse range of cohabitation forms has emerged. Discussions about these forms have multiplied, with new questions arising. There is still a debate among experts about what form of cohabitation is called "family". Is the family still considered the foundation of the state, the basic building block of society? Despite these shifts in cohabitation, we still consider the family the most stable institution in society. The older functions that the family has fulfilled so far are gradually changing as a result of the current societal changes, and divisions exist only in theoretical considerations. When examining crisis in the family, the position of women in the family is also an important aspect, especially when regarding gender equality. Few studies address the issue that "women's thinking" about the family depends on the myriad of external and internal conditions that women encounter in childhood and during their upbringing. We later transfer these "inner truths" into our behavior when we are adults.
We cannot ignore the importance of mass media, such as TV, the Internet, the various world communication networks, which are regarded by contemporary sociology as the third factor of socialization, alongside the family and school. Unfortunately, these may be regarded as rather as a factor of negative socialization.
Lung Nodule Detection of CT and Image-Based GLCM and RLM CT Scan Using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) Method
Authors: Permatasari Zaimah , Purnomo Mauridhi Hery , Purnama I Ketut Eddy 
Published: November 2021

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death globally. Early detection of lung cancer will greatly beneficial to save the patient. This study focused on the detection of lung cancer using classification with the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method based on the features of Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrices (GLCM) and Run Length Matrix (RLM). The lung data used were obtained from the Cancer imaging archive Database, consisting of 500 CT images. CT images were grouped into 2 clusters, including normal and lung cancer. The research steps include: image processing, region of interest segmentation, and feature extraction. The results indicate that the system can detect the CT-image of SVM classification where the default parameter only provides an accuracy of 85.63%. It is expected that the results will be useful to help medical personnel and researchers to detect the status of lung cancer. These results provide information that detection of lung nodules based on GLCM and RLM features that can be detected is better. Furthermore, selecting parameters C and γ on SVM. Keywords: cancer, nodule, support vector machine (SVM).
Aperture design for a dark-field wafer defect inspection system
Authors: Liu Chao , Xu Shuang , Liu Yufei , Xiao Zainan 
Published: November 2021

The dark-field defect inspection system occupies 70% of the market in the field of unpatterned wafer inspection. But the detection limit is still restrained by the haze signals. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) enhancement could effectively decrease the detection limit by decreasing the influence of the haze signals on the defect signals. The existing method of optimizing the inspection conditions, including beam path and collection channel, can enhance the SNR, but the effect is restrained by the system structure. The empirically designed aperture has been attempted to be used by blocking the scattering signals in a certain azimuth angle range. However, the performance is restrained, as a signal with a large SNR exists in the blocked scattering signals. In this paper, we propose a novel (we believe) aperture design method in the light of scattering field analysis to reduce the influence of the haze signals caused by the wafer surface roughness on the particle signals. On the basis of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function, apertures are designed according to the ratio field of the particle signal to haze and verified by the scattering model developed based on the tools of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Additionally, incident conditions are optimized according to their influence on the SNR. It is noteworthy that the aperture designed under specific conditions cannot be used for all particles. Three aperture combination schemes are proposed in this paper, which can ensure the scattering characteristics such as intensity and sensitivity to meet the system requirements while improving the contrast. Simulation results verify that the detection limit decreases from 48 to 22 nm by introducing a well-designed aperture, with the case of

p

-polarized incident light when the threshold is 3 and the incident angle is 72°. Multiaperture schemes have better performance over others, especially the one-to-one scheme.
Fiber-optic airflow velocity sensing method based on a 45° tilt fiber grating combined with a single-walled carbon nanotube coated fiber
Authors: Li Hongwei , Zhang Jinling , Yan Zhijun , Lyu Guohui 
Published: November 2021

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an airflow velocity sensing method based on a 45° tilt fiber grating (TFG) that is combined with a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) coated fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The principle behind which is to produce a dynamic thermal equilibrium between the light heating and the airflow cooling. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a 45°-TFG is used as the heating element for the hot-wire anemometer. By diagnosing the Bragg wavelength of the SWCNT coated FBG, the temperature variations of the sensing fiber are measured with respect to the airflow velocities, which vary from 0 to 1 m/s. Moreover, under low light power consumption of 20 mW, the proposed sensor is shown to have good performance. Experimental results reveal that the sensitivity of the sensor increases with the heating pump. Due to the advantages of its simplicity and reliability, alongside its high photo-thermal conversion efficiency, this technique has excellent potential for future use in remote monitoring with airflow velocity sensing.
Effect of radiofrequency and pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of women with vaginal laxity: A study protocol
Authors: Pereira Gláucia Miranda Varella , Juliato Cássia Raquel Teatin , de Almeida Cristiane Martins , de Andrade Kleber Cursino , Fante Júlia Ferreira , Martinho Natália , Jales Rodrigo Menezes , Pinto e Silva Marcela Ponzio , Brito Luiz Gustavo Oliveira 
Published: November 2021

Background
Vaginal laxity is an underreported condition that negatively affects women’s sexual function and their relationships. Evidence-based studies are needed to better understand this complaint and to discuss its treatment options. Thus, we present a study protocol to compare the effect of radiofrequency and pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of women with complaints of vaginal laxity.

Methods/Design
This is a prospective, parallel-group, two-arm, randomized clinical trial (Registry: RBR-2zdvfp–REBEC). Participants will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups of intervention (Radiofrequency or Pelvic Floor Muscle Training). The study will be performed in the Urogynecology outpatient clinic and in the physiotherapy outpatient clinic at the State University of Campinas–UNICAMP and will include women aged ≥ 18 years and with self-reported complaints of vaginal laxity. Participants will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention period) and will be followed up in two periods: first follow-up (30 days after intervention) and second follow-up (six months after intervention).

Expected results
The results of this randomized clinical trial will have a positive impact on the participants’ quality of life, as well as add value to the development of treatment options for women with complaints of vaginal laxity.

Trial registration
Registry: RBR-2zdvfp–Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos–REBEC (19/02/2020).
BUILD THE SOUL ENTREPRENEUR FROM AN EARLY AGE AS A MEANS OF CREATING A GENERATION KHOIRU UMMAH WITH THE EXISTENCE OF A SUPERIOR HUMAN RESOURCES
Authors: Rangga Anas 
Published: November 2021

In the face of the current era and the next era, challenges that currently applies is the readiness of human resources in relation to how the progress of this land to the future. Khairu ummah in the language means the best people, in the current context of the generation that capable to manage themselves and able to resolve the matter of life to support life akherat. Conceptually, "superior human resources” is one inside compartment. This paper is a review of the literature based research. Therein will be examined how to build a generation of khairu ummah namely superior human resources, with the planting of the soul entrepreneur from an early age. The purpose of this study is to know the efforts that need to be done in the building of the soul entrepreneur on the early childhood. So if the effort done, it is expected that the children will grow and develop into the quality of human resources as well as the generation of khairu ummah, which is part of the khalifatullah to manage the wealth of natural resources in the earth and promote this nation.
Quasiconformal Jordan Domains
Authors: Ikonen Toni 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe extend the classical Carathéodory extension theorem to quasiconformal Jordan domains (Y,dY). We say that a metric space (Y,dY) is aquasiconformal Jordan domainif the completion ̄Yof (Y,dY) has finite Hausdorff 2-measure, theboundary∂Y= ̄Y\Yis homeomorphic to 𝕊1, and there exists a homeomorphismϕ: 𝔻 →(Y,dY) that is quasiconformal in the geometric sense.We show thatϕhas a continuous, monotone, and surjective extension Φ: 𝔻 ̄ →Ȳ. This result is best possible in this generality. In addition, we find a necessary and sufficient condition forΦto be a quasiconformal homeomorphism. We provide sufficient conditions for the restriction ofΦto 𝕊1being a quasisymmetry and to∂Ybeing bi-Lipschitz equivalent to a quasicircle in the plane.
How Not to Become Tolerant: Habitus and Affects in Lessing’sNathan the Wise
Authors: Clemens Manuel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe coincidences and phantasms that open Lessing’s playNathan the Wisereappear throughout the entire drama and even bring about its happy ending. While the usual interpretation of the plot maintains that the illusions held by the protagonists of the play – such as their superstitions, unrestrained affects, and prejudices – are overcome via a learning process and transformed into tolerance, I propose a different view. In this article I argue, firstly, that these previous illusions are already slightly enlightened, rather than completely dim and dull, and, secondly, that this process only ostensibly leads to tolerance. As a consequence, my analysis focuses on the negotiation between tolerance and intolerance. Finally, I arrive at the conclusion that the maid Daja actually represents tolerance in a better way than the protagonists because she is the only one from whom tolerant endurance is demanded. The analysis of the affective patterns of the play demonstrate thatNathan the Wisecan not only be read as a parable of tolerance, but also as a parable of the formation of a privileged habitus within the realm of the family.