bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Giant Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma of the Thigh
Authors: Savvidou Olga D. , Korkolopoulou Penelope , Tsifountoudis Ioannis , Lakiotaki Eleftheria , Agrogiannis George , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J. 
Published: May 2021

Case:
We present a case of a 35-year-old-man with a giant sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) of the thigh. The patient presented with a history of a painful thigh mass. Plain radiographs revealed a soft-tissue mass with extensive calcifications, whereas on magnetic resonance imaging, a lobulated mass between the adductors and the posterior muscles of the thigh was noted. A wide en block resection was undertaken, and the histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of SEF. Postoperative radiation therapy was followed. The patient had no signs of recurrence at the 4-year follow-up.

Conclusion:
The clinicopathological, imaging characteristics, and treatment options of this rare soft-tissue tumor are discussed.
Management of Chronic Quadriceps Tendon Rupture
Authors: Elattar Osama , McBeth Zachary , Curry Emily J. , Parisien Robert L. , Galvin Joseph W. , Li Xinning 
Published: May 2021

» Chronic quadriceps tendon (QT) ruptures are uncommon injuries that present treatment challenges due to their complex nature and the limited evidence to guide management.» Timely diagnosis and surgical management of acute QT injury are imperative to optimize patient outcomes as delayed diagnosis leads to poorer results regardless of treatment modality.» Elements of chronic QT ruptures that may complicate surgical management include patient age, comorbidity, scar-tissue formation, amount of quadriceps muscle/ tendon retraction, and distalmigration of the patella with contraction of the tendon.» Treatment options for chronic QT ruptures include primary repair with or without vastus advancement, V-Y tendon lengthening with or without tissue augmentation, and autograft or allograft reconstruction.
The Special theory of relativity in different media(Ⅰ)
Authors: Jun Dong , Dong Na 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the special theory of relativity in different media is established, based on the fundamental invariant of the space-time four-dimensional space x2 + y2 + z2 - c2 t2 = x'2 + y'2 + z'2 - c' t'2 . First of all, the inertial coordinate system is strictly defined in mathematical language. The inertial coordinate system that uses the actual measured different speeds of light as the limit speed still retains its most basic characteristics as an inertial coordinate system. Then, the space-time coordinate transformation and velocity transformation formulas between inertial coordinate systems with different light velocity are derived. These results not only break through the limitation of "vacuum", but also all are exactly the same as the conclusions of the traditional special theory of relativity when c = c' ; and when c ≠ c' give the new physical content. This all lifted the threat of the theory of relativity by the speed of light experiment, making c = c' ; and c ≠ c' both inclusively under the basic point of view of the theory of relativity; which will inevitably broaden the way of using relativity to deal with physics problems and clarify many problems left over in the study of relativity. The article discusses the problem of relativistic kinematics involving the measurement of time and space, correctly interprets the effects of “ruler contraction” and “clock retardation”, and uncovers and correctly answers the “clock paradox” that accompanied the birth of relativity. For two motion systems S and S', that are separated from each other by constant velocity, at any time and where, the product of the proper time elapsed evenly and uniformly and the speed of light in the respective system are equal, cτ = c' τ'; and the product of the coordinates time read out in observing and recognizing the other party's proper time and the speed of light in the respective system are also equal, ct = c' t' . It is confirmed that the product of any moving individual's uniform disappearance proper time and its measured speed of light remain unchanged; and the proper time cannot be determined purely by the individual's subjective way. Deduced the uncertain relationship between the proper time and the coordinate time for an inertial coordinate system which was not noticed by the traditional special theory of relativity. Remind the practical astronomy workers who do the time measurement and the time service work to understand that it is impossible to equate practical scientific coordinate time and the proper time of ideal uniform disappearance (the so-called “Ephemeris Time”). Thereby pay attention to the impact of this uncertain relationship on the time measurement and the time service work, and propose ways to verify. Subsequent work will use this expanded special theory of relativity to conduct a comprehensive review of related physics, which will inevitably extend to issues that have not been or cannot be examined by traditional special theory of relativity.
Trajectories for energy transition in the countries of the European Union over the period 2000-2015: a multidimensional approach
Authors: RENOU-MAISSANT Patricia , ABDESSELAM Rafik , BONNET Jean 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Environmental issues have become a major concern for policymakers faced with the threat of global warming. An ambitious plan “The European Climate Energy Package” drives trajectories of European countries in three directions: reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), increasing the share of renewable energy and improving energy efficiency. Considering the three targets together and using multidimensional data analysis methods constitutes the originality of the article, the methodology used makes it possible to propose temporal and spatial typologies of the energy transition of European countries over the period 2000–2015. Results show evidence of a gradual transition over three sub-periods towards a more environmentally conscious economy. Results highlight the backwardness of the great Western European countries in achieving the goals assigned to them. Finally, discriminant analyses suggest that policy mix design and innovation system are the key drivers of the energy transition over the sub-period 2011–2015. However, they do not contribute to discriminate the contrasted performances between countries on the same sub-period.
The Lived Experience of Nurses on the Role of Continuing Education Programs in Promoting Their Knowledge, Skills, and Attitude Toward Non-Communicable Diseases
Authors: Zarei Maryam , Bazrafkan Leila , Mojarrab Sadaf 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundContinuing professional education is essential for nurses to provide quality patient care and upgrade their professional skills and competence. The need for continuing medical education (CME) has become more apparent in the face of advances in medical science, the ever-changing healthcare system, and the important role nurses play in improving health care. It is therefore imperative to explore nurses’ experience of CME courses and the extent to which such programs are effective. The present qualitative study aimed to assess the lived experience of nurses on the effect of CE programs in promoting their knowledge, skill, and attitude toward non-communicable diseases.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted in 2019-2020 at various hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Shiraz, Iran). The target population was nurses actively working in the chronic wards of these hospitals. The participants were selected using maximum variation sampling, including nursing managers, education and clinical supervisors, and staff nurses. Data were collected through individual, face-to-face, semi-structured interviews and analysed using the conventional content analysis method. Data trustworthiness was assessed according to the criteria proposed by Guba and Lincoln.ResultsAnalysis of the interview data resulted in 230 primary codes based on which 15 subcategories, 6 categories, and 3 themes were identified. The extracted themes were training to improve knowledge and attitude, training to improve professional skills, and the need for effective training programs. The associated categories weretraining to improve clinical knowledge, training to improve professional attitude, training in clinical skills related to holistic and person‐centred care, communication skills training, incorporate the fundamentals of effective training, and recognize common challenges and barriers to effective training.ConclusionProfessional competence and performance of nurses can be improved through intrinsic motivation stimulation, planning and implementation of training programs based on professional needs, and effective assessment of the teaching/learning process.
Monitoring and Assessment on the UNESCO Endangered Heritage Sites using Space Technology-A Case Study on East Rennell, Solomon Islands
Authors: Huo Sijia , Mengmeng Wang , Chen GuoLong , Huiqin Shu , Yang RuiXia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Space technology is an effective approach to monitor the status of World Natural Heritage sites. East Rennell Island has been inscribed on the List of World Heritage in danger since 2013. The site includes approximately 37,000 hectare (ha) and a marine area extending three nautical miles to sea. Deforestation and natural disasters have become the increasing factors threatening its sustainable development. Based on the analyses of multi-source long-time series remote sensing data like MODIS and Worldview data, the forest cover change and its future trends in Rennell Island from 2000 to 2020 have been mapped and assessed using Sen + Mann-Kendall and Hurst index models. A land cover classification system derived from the high-resolution Worldview images was developed as a baseline product for monitoring and analyzing future forest cover changes in East Rennell Island. Our results show that: (1) Area of the vegetation degradation is basically same as that of vegetation improvement from 2000 to 2020. (2) The trend of forest cover change is weak in continuity, and significant improvements in damaged vegetation can be implemented but it needs enough protection measures and financial input. (3) This heritage site has a strong ability to regenerate vegetation, and it is recommended to restrict the human activities like the mining, logging, and road construction, which could greatly disturb the unique ecosystem.
The Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Corn Cob Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibril Reinforced Bioplastics
Authors: Chong Ting Yen , Chan Yen San , Law Ming Chiat , Ling Jordy Kim Ung 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Corn cobs fibers mainly the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) have been widely utilized as a reinforcement filler in bioplastic matrix. However, the preparation of CNF involves bleaching process which is not environmentally friendly. For that, lignin-containing cellulose nanofibril (LCNF) from corn cobs were prepared and its potential as reinforcement filler in bioplastic matrix was investigated. The LCNF were prepared by using soda process and silane treatment (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, APS) was performed for surface modification purpose. Specifically, the effects of LCNF loading and APS-treated LCNF loading (8 wt%, 10 wt% and 12 wt%) on the thermo-mechanical properties of corn starch-based plain bioplastic were evaluated. The results showed that a 12 wt% LCNF reinforced bioplastic has improved the tensile strength by 108% and reduced the elongation by 10% as compared to corn starch-based plain bioplastic. 12 wt% LCNF reinforced bioplastic was able to retain 9% more residues than the plain bioplastic at 300 , suggesting that the addition of LCNF improved the thermal stability of starch-based plain bioplastic. Interestingly, silane-treated LCNF reinforced bioplastic only showed minor improvements on mechanical strength at low LCNF loading (8 wt% and 10 wt%); When higher LCNF loading was introduced, the mechanical strength was found to be lower as compared to untreated LCNF reinforced bioplastic. Moreover, the effects of silane treatment on the thermal properties of LCNF reinforced bioplastic were insignificant in our study. This finding suggests that LCNF shows good potential as reinforcement filler in bioplastic matrix and silane treatment did not promote strengthening effects in this work.
Characterization of Candidate Factors Associated With the Metastasis and Progression of High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Liu Huiping , Zhou Ling , Cheng Hongyan , Wang Shang , Luan Wenqing , Cai E , Ma Ruiqiong , Ye Xue , Cui Heng , Li Yi , chang xiaohong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background. High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the highest cause of gynecological cancer-related mortality due to the extremely metastatic nature of this disease. The goal of this study is to explore and evaluate the profiles and characteristics of candidate factors associated with metastasis and progression of HGSOC.Methods. Transcriptomic data of HGSOC patients’ samples collected from the primary tumor and matched omental metastatic tumor were obtained from three independent studies in the NCBI GEO database. Genes significantly up-regulated and down-regulated were selected to evaluate the effects to prognosis and progression of ovarian cancer using data of ovarian cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Enrichment analysis for biological processes and pathways was performed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) analysis. Furthermore, the hub genes immune landscapes were estimated by Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database.Results. 14 candidate genes included ADIPOQ, ALPK2, BARX1, CD37, CNR2, COL5A3, FABP4, FAP, GPR68, ITGBL1, MOXD1, PODNL1, SFRP2 and TRAF3IP3 were selected as up-regulated genes in metastatic tumors in every database while CADPS, GATA4, STAR and TSPAN8 were down-regulated. These 14 genes were significantly enriched for negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway, fat cell differentiation, extracellular matrix organization. Finally, ALPK2, FAP, SFRP2 and GATA4, STAR, TSPAN8 were selected as hub genes that were found to be significantly associated with the survival and recurrence. All hub genes were correlated with several types of tumor microenvironmental cells infiltration significantly, especially for cancer associated fibroblasts and NK cells.Conclusions. This study indicates that screening for differentially expressed genes and pathways in HGSOC primary tumor and matched metastasis tumor using integrated bioinformatics analyses. In sum, we identify six hub genes correlated with the progression of HGSOC in our study, which might provide effective targets to predict prognosis and provide novel insights into immune-based therapy strategies of HGSOC well.
Outcomes After Proton Therapy Reirradiation for Malignant Glioma: Prospective Analysis of Over 100 Patients from the Proton Collaborative Group
Authors: Press Robert H , Hasan Shaakir , Choi J Isabelle , Chhabra Arpit M , Halasz Lia M , Vargas Carlos E , Tsai Henry K , Wang Chiachien J , Chang John H , Gondi Vinai , Mishra Mark V , II Charles B Simone 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The optimal salvage treatment for malignant glioma after prior radiotherapy (RT) is not well established. Proton therapy (PT) is an attractive treatment modality for reirradiation (ReRT) of recurrent disease; however, data are limited.Methods: The prospective, multi-institutional Proton Collaborative Group (PCG) registry was queried for patients with malignant glioma who previously received RT and underwent PT-ReRT between 7/2011-10/2018. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: 109 consecutive patients were identified. Median follow-up was 11.2 months and median time interval (TI) from prior RT (median 59.3 Gy) to PT-ReRT (median 49.6 Gy) was 45.7 months. Primary histology was glioblastoma (n=62), oligodendroglioma (n=26), and astrocytoma (n=20). Median PFS and OS was 6.1 and 11.1 months, respectively. On UVA, improved PFS was associated with oligodendroglioma (HR 0.39) and astrocytoma (HR 0.55) histologies, WHO Grade III (HR 0.36), TI (HR 0.989), surgical resection (HR 0.39), and PT-ReRT dose ≥50 Gy (HR 0.59) (all p<0.03), while improved OS was associated with oligodendroglioma histology (HR 0.35), WHO grade III (HR 0.33), ECOG 0 (HR 0.47), TI (HR 0.985), and PT-ReRT dose ≥50 Gy (HR 0.58) (all p<0.04). Late Grade 3 toxicities occurred in 5.6% of patients with no attributable acute or late Grade 4-5 events.Conclusion: In the largest series of glioma PT-ReRT reported to date, retreatment appears well tolerated with acceptable outcomes and favorable toxicities compared to photon historical controls. Dose escalation achievable with PT may improve outcomes for well-selected patients.
Breeding against mycorrhizal symbiosis: modern cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties perform more poorly than older varieties except at very high phosphorus supply
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Zhang Min , Sheng Jiandong , Feng Gu , Kuyper Thomas W. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background and aims
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important cash fiber crop species, but its root traits related to phosphorus (P) acquisition have been poorly understood.
Methods
Eight cotton varieties that were released between 1950 and 2013 were grown in pots with or without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) at three P supply levels. Eleven root traits were measured and calculated after seven weeks of growth.
Results
At the lower two P levels mycorrhizal plants acquired more P and produced more biomass than non-mycorrhizal plants. At the highest P level mycorrhizal plants took up more P than non-mycorrhizal plants, but there was no difference in biomass. At the intermediate P level, root diameter was significantly positively correlated with biomass, P concentration and P content of mycorrhizal plants. More recent accessions had smaller root diameters, acquired less P and obtained less biomass, indicating (inadvertent) varietal selection for thinner roots that provided less cortical space for AMF, which increased the need for high P fertilizer.
Conclusion
Our study provides support for the importance of the outsourcing model of nutrient acquisition in the root economics space framework. Inadvertent varietal selection in the last decades, resulting in thinner roots and a lower benefit from mycorrhizal colonization, has caused a lower productivity of cotton varieties at moderate P supply, indicating the need to rethink cotton breeding efforts in order to achieve agricultural sustainability.
Proposed criterion for distinguishing ABO mosaics from ABO chimeras using flow cytometric analysis
Authors: Oda A. , Matsuyama N. , Hirashima M. , Ishii H. , Kimura K. , Matsukura H. , Hirayama F. , Kawa K. , Fukumori Y. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Differentiation of ABO mosaics from chimeras is performed using flow cytometry (FCM) analysis. Although mosaics and chimeras have been distinguished by presence or absence of clear resolution using FCM analysis, the lack of quantitative metrics and definitive criteria for this differentiation has made some cases difficult to differentiate. In this study, therefore, we attempted to establish a definitive and quantitative criterion for this differentiation. When FCM histogram gates for group “A” or “B” antigen-negative and -positive red blood cells (RBCs) were set such that group O RBCs were classified as 99 percent negative and group A or B RBCs as 99 percent positive, the percentages of RBCs in the middle region of six chimeras and 23 mosaics (12 A mosaics and 11 B mosaics) were 0.1–0.6 percent and 7.0–19.0 percent, respectively. This result suggested that ABO mosaics and chimeras can be unambiguously differentiated when the cutoff point of the intermediate region is set to 1 percent.
Immunohematology

2015;31:24–28.
An overview of the use of SNaPshot for predicting blood group antigens
Authors: Latini F.R.M. , Castilho L.M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The use of SNaPshot (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) for predicting blood group antigens has emerged as an alternative to hemagglutination testing and also to the current low- and high-throughput blood group genotyping methods. Several groups have developed multiplex–polymerase chain reaction SNaPshot assays to determine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in blood group genes with the purpose of identifying clinically relevant antigens and rare alleles. The selection of SNPs is based on the population or laboratory reality and the purpose of the geno-typing. Unlike high-throughput genotyping strategies that are provided as commercial platforms, the SNPs can be chosen to best meet the needs of the user, and the interpretation of the results do not depend on the manufacturer.
Immunohematology

2015;31:53–57.
An overview of the Progenika ID CORE XT: an automated genotyping platform based on a fluidic microarray system
Authors: Goldman M. , Nogués N. , Castilho L.M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Automated testing platforms facilitate the introduction of red cell genotyping of patients and blood donors. Fluidic microarray systems, such as Luminex XMAP (Austin, TX), are used in many clinical applications, including HLA and HPA typing. The Progenika ID CORE XT (Progenika Biopharma-Grifols, Bizkaia, Spain) uses this platform to analyze 29 polymorphisms determining 37 antigens in 10 blood group systems. Once DNA has been extracted, processing time is approximately 4 hours. The system is highly automated and includes integrated analysis software that produces a file and a report with genotype and predicted phenotype results.
Immunohematology

2015;31:62–68.
Blocked D phenomenon and relevance of maternal serologic testing
Authors: Jain A. , Kumawat V. , Marwaha N. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A blood requisition for double-volume exchange transfusion was received for a 2-day-old male child born to a 29-year-old multiparous female (P2002) referred to our institute having neonatal jaundice with encephalopathy; no maternal sample was received. The neonatal blood sample was typed as group A, D–, and the direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was strongly positive (4+) using the gel method. Mono-specific DAT showed the presence of IgG antibodies on neonatal red blood cells (RBCs). Acid elution and gentle heat elution (at 56°C) confirmed the presence of anti-D on neonatal RBCs. The baby received two exchange transfusions with group O, D–, packed RBCs compatible with his own serum. Later, on day 3, the neonate’s mother was typed as group AB, D–, and her serum revealed the presence of alloanti-D, -C, and -S reactive in the anti-human globulin phase. The anti-D titer was 1024. This report highlights the “blocking” phenomenon caused by maternal anti-D in a case of hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn with a positive DAT.
Immunohematology

2015;31:116–118.