bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiolytic Effects of Chewing Gum During Preoperative Fasting and Patient-centered Outcome in Female Patients Undergoing Elective Gynecologic Surgery: Randomized controlled study
Authors: Bang Yu Jeong , Lee Jong-Hwan , Kim Chung Su , Lee Yoo-Young , Min Jeong-Jin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Although previous studies reported that chewing gum during the preoperative fasting has the benefits of alleviating anxiety and dry mouth, preoperative chewing gum has yet to be accepted as a standard practice due to conventional anesthetic custom. Our study aimed to prospectively evaluate the effects of gum chewing on preoperative anxiety and patient’s discomfort in female patients undergoing gynecologic surgery. Ninety-three patients were enrolled and randomized either into conventional fasting group (control group) or chewing gum with fasting group (gum group). The control group was instructed to fast from 3 p.m on the day before surgery. The gum group performed preoperative fasting in the same manner, but was encouraged to chew gum freely during the fasting period. The primary endpoints were the degree of preoperative anxiety and discomfort immediately before surgery. For the evaluation of preoperative anxiety, Amsterdam preoperative anxiety and information scale (APAIS) was used. Preoperative gastric fluid volume and acidity were also measured as the secondary outcomes. Preoperative anxiety using APAIS was significantly lower in the gum group compared to the control group (17.8 vs. 20.9, p = 0.009). The APAIS sub-score of anxiety and information desire domain were also lower in the gum group. However, there was no significant difference in the gastric fluid analysis between the groups. In the female patients for elective gynecologic surgery, chewing gum during the preoperative fasting period helped to alleviate preoperative anxiety without additional increase of pulmonary aspiration risks. Trial registration: KCT0004422 (05/11/2019, https://cris.nih.go.kr; registration number)
The Association of Demodex Infestation With Pediatric Chalazia
Authors: Huang Jing , Guo Meng-Xiang , Yan Li-Feng , Yu Ying , Han Ling , Wang Jian-Xun , Lu Xiao-He 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association of Demodex infestation with pediatric chalazia. Methods: In a prospective case-control study, 446 children with chalazia and 50 children with non-inflammatory eye disease (controls) who underwent surgical treatment were enrolled from December 2018 to December 2019. Patient ages ranged from 7 months to 13 years old. All patients underwent eyelash sampling for light microscope examination, and statistical correlation analysis between Demodex infestation and chalazia, including the occurrence, recurrence, and course of disease, morphological characteristics, and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in chalazia patients was performed. Results: Demodex was found in 236 (52.91%) patients with chalazia and zero control patients. Demodicosis was significantly more prevalent in chalazia patients than the control group (P<1x10-14). Recurrent chalazia (P=0.006) and skin surface involvement (P=0.029) were highly correlated with Demodex infestation. Demodicosis was also associated with multiple chalazia (P=.023) and MGD(P=.024). However, Demodex infestation was comparable in the course of disease (P=0.15), seasonal change (P=0.68) and blepharitis subgroups (P=0.15). Within the group of chalazia patients who underwent surgical removal of cysts, 4 (0.9%) patients with concurrent demodicosis experienced recurrence. Conclusions: Demodex infestation was more prevalent in pediatric chalazia patients than healthy children, and was associated with recurrent and multiple chalazia. Demodicosis should be considered as a risk factor of chalazia. In children with chalazia, Demodex examination and comprehensive treatment of Demodex mites should be applied to potentially prevent recurrence.
Association Between Life-style, Metabolic Syndrome and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Its Impact on Quality of Life in Men ≥ 40 years
Authors: Jeong Ji Bong , Lee Jung Hoon , Choo Min Soo , Ahn Dong-Won , Kim Su Hwan , Lee Dong Seok , Cho Min Chul , Son Hwancheol , Jeong Hyeon , Yoo Sangjun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to assess the relationship between lifestyle-related variables, metabolic syndrome, and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men ≥40years. We also assessed the impact of these variables on quality of life. Materials and methods: From 2014 to 2020, 5,355 men who underwent health check-ups with I-PSS questionnaires at our institute were included in the analysis. The impact of LUTS on sleep disorders and moderate to severe degrees of stress were assessed. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the variables associated with LUTS and prostate volume. Results: Moderate and severe LUTS were present in 1,317 (24.6%) and 211 (3.9%) men, respectively. Moderate and severe LUTS were significantly associated with the presence of sleep disorders and stress. On multivariable analysis, age, amount of life-long smoking, marital status, income, job, and decreased HDL-cholesterol were associated with the presence of moderate to severe LUTS. Central obesity and decreased HDL-cholesterol levels were also significantly associated with prostate volume, in addition to age. Conclusions: In men ≥40years, stable socioeconomic status is negatively associated with moderate to severe LUTS, which worsens sleep quality and stress level. In addition, quitting smoking and maintaining HDL-cholesterol over 40mg/dL might be effective for preventing moderate to severe LUTS.
Palladium nanoparticles supported on activated carbon (C) for the catalytic hexavalent chromium reduction
Authors: Gözeten İbrahim , Tunç Mehmet 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Hexavalent chromium is widely used in industry and causes human health and environmental problems due to its extremely toxic properties. On the contrary, trivalent chromium is necessary for living ecosystems. Therefore, it is best idea to detoxicate hexavalent chromium by reducing hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium.. Pd(0)@C catalyst was prepared in solution under mild conditions by a simple impregnation-reduction method and was identified by XPS, XRD, TEM, TEM-EDX, HR-TEM, ICP-OES analyses. TEM results showed that very well dispersed Pd nanoparticles were formed on the C surface (mean particle sizes 3.98 ± 0.24 nm). The catalytic activity of Pd(0)NPs impregnated on C was tested in hexavalent chromium reduction in the reducing agent formic acid medium. The activated carbon supported Pd(0)@C nanoclusters were used as heterogeneous nanocatalysts in the catalytic reduction of Hexavalent chromium in formic acid medium, which is a good reducing agent under mild conditions. It was determined that the formed Pd(0) nanoclusters could successfully reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by high selectivity (~ 97%). It was observed that the Pd(0)@C catalyst retained a significant (> 75%) initial activity even after the 5th use. In addition, for the kinetic data of the catalytic reduction reaction of Cr(VI) catalyzed by Pd(0)@C, the rate equation and activation parameters were derived depending on the [Cr2O72−], [Pd(0)@C], [HCOONa], [HCOOH]concentrations and temperature.
Second near-infrared photothermal-amplified immunotherapy using photoactivatable composite nanostimulators
Authors: Sun Haitao , Yu Tianzhu , Li Xin , Lei Yangyang , Li Jianke , Wang Xiuhui , Peng Peike , Ni Dalong , Wang Xiaolin , Luo Yu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The construction of a nanoimmune controlled-release system that spatiotemporally recognizes tumor lesions and stimulates the immune system response step by step is one of the most potent cancer treatment strategies for improving the sensitivity of immunotherapy response.
Results
Here, a composite nanostimulator (CNS) was constructed for the release of second near-infrared (NIR-II) photothermal-mediated immune agents, thereby achieving spatiotemporally controllable photothermal-synergized immunotherapy. CNS nanoparticles comprise thermosensitive liposomes as an outer shell and are internally loaded with an NIR-II photothermal agent, copper sulfide (CuS), toll-like receptor-9 (TLR-9) agonist, cytosine-phospho-guanine oligodeoxynucleotides, and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors (JQ1). Following NIR-II photoirradiation, CuS enabled the rapid elevation of localized temperature, achieving tumor ablation and induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) as well as disruption of the lipid shell, enabling the precise release of two immune-therapeutical drugs in the tumor region. Combining ICD, TLR-9 stimulation, and inhibited expression of PD-L1 allows the subsequent enhancement of dendritic cell maturation and increases infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, facilitating regional antitumor immune responses.
Conclusion
CNS nanoparticle-mediated photothermal-synergized immunotherapy efficiently suppressed the growth of primary and distant tumors in two mouse models and prevented pulmonary metastasis. This study thus provides a novel sight into photo-controllably safe and efficient immunotherapy.
Validity and Reliability of the WHOQOL-BREF in the measurement of the quality of life of Sickle Disease Patients in Bahrain
Authors: Almarabheh Amer , Ghamdi Manal Al , Elbarbary Abdulla , Alqashar Ahmed , alserdieh Faisal , Alahmed Fatema , Alhaddar Hasan , AlSada Lulwa , yosri Mohamed , Omran Mahmood , Khudhair Mina , Salih Motasem , fuad Noora , chlif sadok , Salah Afif Ben 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Limited attention is devoted to the improvement of the quality of life of patients suffering from the negative consequences of Sickle cell disease (SCD). Our study focuses on the evaluation of the performance of the WHOQOL-BREF as a tool to measure the quality of life of SCD Patients in Bahrain.
Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study that enrolled 273 SCD patients selected using a simple random sampling technique from primary health-care centers in Bahrain in 2019. A designed questionnaire including the WHOQOL-BREF was filled by the patients during face-to-face interviews in the health centers. The reliability of the WHOQOL-BREF was assessed by standardized Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and the validity was measured by convergent validity, principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.
Results

The WHOQOL-BREF had good internal consistency as Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the overall scale was 0.91. The convergent validity results indicated that the correlation coefficients values for all scale domains are significantly correlated at α < 0.01. Confirmatory factor analysis found that the four-domain structure produced a robust fit to the data.
Conclusions

The WHOQOL-BREF tool has high internal consistency and validity in assessing the quality of life of Sickle Disease patients in Bahrain.
Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells (GMSC)-derived Exosomes are more Immunosuppressive than GMSC in Ameliorating Collagen-induced Arthritis
Authors: Tian Xiaohong , Wei Wumei , Cao Yue , Ao Tianrang , Huang Feng , Javed Rabia , Wang Xiaohong , Fan Jun , Zhang Yanhui , Liu Yanying , Lai Laijun , Ao Qiang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive, and inflammatory autoimmune disease, and current approaches offer no cures for it. Although gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSC) have the potential to treat RA, MSC-based therapy faces many challenges such as immunogenicity and tumorigenicity. MSCs release extracellular vesicles (EVs) including exosomes that display a therapeutic effect in inflammatory disease models. However, the role of GMSC-derived exosomes (GMSC-Exo) has never been reported in RA. We herein compare the immunomodulatory function of GMSC-Exo and GMSC in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model and explore the underlying mechanisms.MethodsGMSC-Exo was isolated by differential ultracentrifugation. CIA was induced with the immunization of type II collagen (CII) and complete freund's adjuvant (CFA) in DBA/1J mice. GMSC-Exo or GMSC were injected i.v. into mice on day 21 after immunization. Immunosuppressive effects of GMSC-Exo or GMSC were investigated on CD4+ Th cell subsets in vitro and in CIA model.ResultsSystemic infusion of GMSC-Exo or GMSC significantly attenuated the severity of arthritis, resumed the balance of Th cell subsets, and reduced level of NF-κB p65/p50 in CIA mice. GMSC-Exo or GMSC significantly up-regulated CD4+Treg percentages and IL-10 level in a dose-dependent manner, while down-regulated CD4+Th1 and CD4+Th17 percentages as well as levels of inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17A) in vitro. Importantly, GMSC-Exo showed stronger effects than GMSC in inhibiting IL-17A and promoting IL-10, reducing incidence and bone erosion of arthritis.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates for the first time that GMSC-Exo can alleviate inflammatory responses and bone erosion in CIA mice, which might occur via regulating the ratio of CD4+ T cell subsets (Th1, Th17 and Treg) and/or inhibiting the IL-17RA-Act1-TRAF6-NF-κB signal pathway. In addition, our results suggest that GMSC-Exo has more advantages than GMSC in treating CIA, and may offer a promising new cell-free therapy strategy for RA and other autoimmune diseases.
Set-Invariance-based Interpretations for the L1 Performance of Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Choi Hyung Tae , Kim Jung Hoon 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper is concerend with tackling the L 1 performance analysis problem of continuous and piecewise continuous nonlinear systems with non-unique solutions by using the involved arguments of set-invariance principles. More precisely, this paper derives a sufficient condition for the L 1 performance of continuous nonlinear systems in terms of the invariant set. However, because this sufficient condition intrinsically involves analytical representations of solutions of the differential equations corresponding to the nonlinear systems, this paper also establishes another sufficient condition for the L 1 performance by introducing the so-called extended invariance domain, in which it is not required to directly solving the nonlinear differential equations. These arguments associated with the L 1 performance analysis is further extended to the case of piecewise continuous nonlinear systems, and we obtain parallel results based on the set-invariance principles used for the continuous nonolinear systems. Finally, numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness as well as the applicability of the overall results derived in this paper.
Accurate Data Aggregation Created by Neural Network and Data Classification Processed Through Machine Learning in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: C Sudha , D Suresh , A Nagesh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Data aggregation is the process of efficiently collecting and transferring sensing data to a destination; it aids in the methodical and cautious utilization of sensor network resources. In the same way, when opening aggregated data that is free of noise and errors, the accuracy and efficiency of the data received improve. For this to happen, the data must flow to the destination in the most precise manner and in the shortest possible time by understanding the area's circumstances and addressing the immediate demands of the site where the sensors are positioned. This necessitates precise algorithms that eliminate errors and noise in the sense of data before aggregating it. The network used the ACNM technique – accurate data aggregation created by neural networks and data classification processed through machine learning in wireless sensor networks. We employ machine learning as part of artificial intelligence that learns from data. Following that, it can detect errors and noise in that Data in stages, reduce them, process them in a neural network model, and finally aggregate them to deliver the most accurate data to the destination. When data was provided using this ACNM protocol, the results showed that it arrived at its destination with the least delay.
Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: TReasure real-life data
Authors: Kalyoncu Umut , Bilgin Emre , Erden Abdulsamet , Satış Hasan , Tufan Abdurrahman , Tekgöz Emre , Ateş Aşkın , Coşkun Belkıs Nihan , Yağız Burcu , Küçükşahin Orhan , Yazısız Veli , Kimyon Gezmiş , Bes Cemal , Başıbüyük Canberk Sami , Alkan Serdar , Cesur Teoman Yusuf , Ertenli İhsan , Kiraz Sedat 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background/Aim:
Rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) is a major concern in RA patients and events of ILD have been reported in patients treated with tofacitinib in RA clinical trials and in the post-marketing setting. The aim of this study was to assess the real-life efficacy and safety of tofacitinib in patients with RA-ILD.
Methods
RA patients with ILD diagnosis based on the HRCT images of the lungs from eight different centers recruited to study. As a control group, RA patients without ILD under tofacitinib was included. Demographic data, patients’ characteristics, available pulmonary function tests regarding RA and RA-ILD at the visit in which tofacitinib was initiated and for the last follow-up visit under tofacitinib were recorded. Reasons of tofacitinib discontinuation were also recorded. Drug retention rates were compared by log-rank test. p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
A total of 47 (42.6% male) RA patients with RA-ILD and a control group of 387 (17.8 % male) patients without RA-ILD were included in the analysis. After the median of 12 (9–19) months follow-up period, mean FEV1%; 82.1 vs. 82.8 (pre and post-treatment, respectively, p = 0.079), mean FVC%; 79.8 vs. 82.8 (pre and post-treatment, respectively, p = 0.014) were stable and worsening was observed 2/18 (11.1%) patients. Retention rates were similar (p = 0.21, log-rank). In RA-ILD group, most common cause of drug discontinuation was infections (6.3 vs 2.4 per 100 patient-years).
Conclusion
The treatment strategy of RA-ILD patients are still based on small observational studies. High rate of discontinuation due infections was observed in RA-ILD patients under tofacitinib; however, RA-ILD patients were older than RA patients without ILD.
Video game experience affects performance, cognitive load, and brain activity in laparoscopic surgery training
Authors: Keles Hasan Onur , Omurtag Ahmet 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND

Video games can be a valuable tool for surgery training. Individuals who interact or play video games, tend to have a better visuospatial ability when compared to non-gamers. Numerous studies suggest that video game experience is associated with faster acquisition, greater sharpening, and longer retention of laparoscopic skills. Given the neurocognitive complexity of surgery skill, multimodal approaches are required to understand how video game playing enhances laparoscopy skill.

METHODS

Data from thirteen surgeons with varying levels of laparoscopy experience and no video game experience, and 27 students with no laparoscopy experience and varying levels of video game experience performed standard laparoscopic training tasks. Their performance, subjective cognitive loading, and prefrontal cortical activity were recorded and analyzed.

RESULTS

The surgeons performed the tasks significantly faster, had significantly lower cognitive load as well as less left prefrontal activation, relative to the non-gamer novices. In gamer novices, the task completion time decreased significantly with increasing game experience. The cognitive load decreased significantly with increasing gaming experience in gamer novices and with laparoscopy experience in surgeons.

CONCLUSION

Our results suggest that along the dimensions of performance, cognitive load, and brain activity, the effects of video gaming experience on novice laparoscopy trainees are similar to those of real-world laparoscopy experience on surgeons. We believe that the neural underpinnings of surgery skill and its links with gaming experience need to be investigated further using wearable functional brain imaging.
The effect of scanning strategy on intraoral scanner’s accuracy.
Authors: Gavounelis Nikolaos , Gogola Chrysoula-Maria , Halazonetis Demetrios 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

The purpose of the present study was to examine the impact of scanning strategy on trueness and precision of the impression acquired from an intraoral scanner.
Materials and methods

Fifteen complete-arch, mandibular, post orthodontic treatment casts were scanned with a laboratory scanner (Identica SE 3D, Medit) as the gold standard, and with an intraoral scanner (i500 Medit) following 3 different paths of the scanning head over the arch (scanning strategies A, B, C). The hand scans were performed twice by one examiner and repeated by a second examiner, resulting in 180 triangular mesh surfaces (digital casts). The meshes were superimposed on the gold standards using the Viewbox 4 software. The closest distances between the meshes were computed and trueness and precision were evaluated using a General Linear Model.
Results

Scanning strategy A was statistically significantly better (p < 0.05) and differed from B and C, which were similar. A positive correlation was found among examiner and strategy.
Conclusions

The accuracy of complete-arch impressions is affected by the scanning strategy. The manufacturer’s recommended strategy was statistically significantly better (p < 0.05). Average accuracy below 50 µm, which is clinically acceptable in most orthodontic procedures, was achieved with all the examined scanning strategies.