bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feature selection for imbalanced data with deep sparse autoencoders ensemble
Authors: Massi Michela Carlotta , Gasperoni Francesca , Ieva Francesca , Paganoni Anna Maria 
Published: December 2021

AbstractClass imbalance is a common issue in many domain applications of learning algorithms. Oftentimes, in the same domains it is much more relevant to correctly classify and profile minority class observations. This need can be addressed by feature selection (FS), that offers several further advantages, such as decreasing computational costs, aiding inference and interpretability. However, traditional FS techniques may become suboptimal in the presence of strongly imbalanced data. To achieve FS advantages in this setting, we propose a filtering FS algorithm ranking feature importance on the basis of the reconstruction error of a deep sparse autoencoders ensemble (DSAEE). We use each DSAE trained only on majority class to reconstruct both classes. From the analysis of the aggregated reconstruction error, we determine the features where the minority class presents a different distribution of values w.r.t. the overrepresented one, thus identifying the most relevant features to discriminate between the two. We empirically demonstrate the efficacy of our algorithm in several experiments, both simulated and on high‐dimensional datasets of varying sample size, showcasing its capability to select relevant and generalizable features to profile and classify minority class, outperforming other benchmark FS methods. We also briefly present a real application in radiogenomics, where the methodology was applied successfully.
Introducing M‐Tool: A standardised and inclusive mental model mapping tool
Authors: van den Broek Karlijn L. , Klein Sina A. , Luomba Joseph , Fischer Helen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractStakeholder mental model elicitation can produce valuable insights into perceptions of complex systems such as ecosystems, economies, or the climate. These mental models can uncover crucial differences in perceptions between stakeholders and prevalent misunderstandings of the system, which can ultimately contribute to successful resource management. This paper introduces a novel tool to capture mental models: M‐Tool. M‐Tool was designed to be user‐friendly for diverse samples, and standardized to ease aggregation and comparison of mental models. With this tool, participants create influence diagrams with a fixed set of pictograms representing the system variables, and weighted arrows to display their relations. M‐Tool can be used to identify differences or changes in mental models or to co‐produce knowledge with stakeholders and develop strategies to address challenges within the system. This paper describes how to tailor the tool to a research project and discusses how M‐Tool may be suitable for diverse research applications. © 2021 The Authors. System Dynamics Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of System Dynamics Society.
CoS2 Nanoparticles Anchored on MoS2 Nanorods As a Superior Bifunctional Electrocatalyst Boosting Li2O2 Heteroepitaxial Growth for Rechargeable Li‐O2 Batteries
Authors: Li Deyuan , Zhao Lanling , Xia Qing , Liu Lili , Fang Weiwei , Liu Yao , Zhou Zhaorui , Long Yuxin , Han Xue , Zhang Yiming , Wang Jun , Wu Yuping , Liu Huakun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDeveloping an excellent bifunctional catalyst is essential for the commercial application of Li‐O2 batteries. Heterostructures exhibit great application potential in the field of energy catalysis because of the accelerated charge transfer and increased active sites on their surfaces. In this work, CoS2 nanoparticles decorated on MoS2 nanorods are constructed and act as a superior cathode catalyst for Li‐O2 batteries. Coupling MoS2 and CoS2 can not only synergistically enhance their electrical conductivity and electrochemical activity, but also promote the heteroepitaxial growth of discharge products on the heterojunction interfaces, thus delivering high discharge capacity, stable cycle performance, and good rate capability.
Atomically Dispersed Iron with Densely Exposed Active Sites as Bifunctional Oxygen Catalysts for Zinc–Air Flow Batteries
Authors: Gao Lesen , Gao Xia , Jiang Peng , Zhang Cunyin , Guo Hui , Cheng Yuanhui 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAtomically dispersed iron embedded carbon is a promising bifunctional catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), but its exposed iron sites must be increased. Herein, the authors propose a double steric hindrance strategy by using zeolitic imidazolate frameworks‐8 as the first barrier skeleton and encapsulated phenylboronic acid as the second space obstruction to realize densely exposed atomic iron sites. Prepared PA@Z8‐FeNC has the highest iron content (5.49 wt%) among reported transition‐metal‐based single‐atom oxygen catalysts. Meanwhile, its concave surfaces, hollow structures, and hierarchical pores enable the high utilization rate of iron sites to 88.5 ± 4.5% and exposed active site density to 5.2 ± 0.3 × 1020 sites g−1. Resultantly, PA@Z8‐FeNC exhibits superior activity and stability to commercial Pt/C and IrO2 for the ORR and OER in half‐cells and zinc–air flow batteries. This provides insight for developing densely and accessibly active sites in single‐atom catalysts.
Controllable 3D Porous Ni Current Collector Coupled with Surface Phosphorization Enhances Na Storage of Ni3S2 Nanosheet Arrays
Authors: Fan Xiaoyong , Sun Ruibo , Zhu Yongqiang , Zhang Shuai , Gou Lei , Lu Li , Li Donglin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract3D porous Ni is fabricated via an easily scalable electroless plating method using a dynamic template formed through in‐situ hydrogen bubbles. The pore size in the range of several micrometers is controllable through adjusting the Ni2+ depositing rate and hydrogen bubbles releasing rate. The Ni3S2 nanosheet arrays anode is then grown on the unique 3D porous Ni current collector followed by subsequent surface phosphorization. The tremendous interconnected pores and rich voids between the Ni3S2 nanosheet arrays cannot only provide rapid transferring channels for Na+, but also accommodate volumetric changes of the Ni3S2 electrode during cycling, guaranteeing the integrity of the active material. In addition, the surface phosphorized layer enhances the electronic conductivity through providing an electron transport highway along the 3D Ni3S2, NiP2 layer, and 3D porous Ni current collector, and simultaneously stabilizes the electrode/electrolyte interphase as a protecting layer. Because of these merits, the phosphorized 3D porous Ni3S2 (3D P‐Ni3S2) electrode is capable of delivering an ultra‐stable capacity of 387.5 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, and a high capacity retention of 85.3% even at a high current density of 1.6 A g−1.
Phase Control of Cs‐Pb‐Br Derivatives to Suppress 0D Cs4PbBr6 for High‐Efficiency and Stable All‐Inorganic CsPbBr3 Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhu Jingwei , He Benlin , Yao Xinpeng , Chen Haiyan , Duan Yanyan , Duan Jialong , Tang Qunwei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe precise phase control of Cs‐Pb‐Br derivatives from 3D CsPbBr3 to 0D Cs4PbBr6 highly determines the photovoltaic performance of all‐inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, the preferred phase conversion from precursor to Cs‐Pb‐Br derivatives is revealed by theoretically calculating the Gibbs free energies (∆G) of various phase conversion processes, allowing for a simplified multi‐step solution‐processable spin‐coating method to hinder the formation of detrimental 0D Cs4PbBr6 phase and enhance the photovoltaic performance of a PSC because of its large exciton binding energy, which is regarded as a recombination center. By further accelerating the interfacial charge extraction with a novel 2D transition metal dichalcogenide ReSe2, the hole‐free CsPbBr3 PSC achieves a champion efficiency of 10.67% with an impressive open‐circuit voltage of 1.622 V and an excellent long‐term stability. This work provides an in‐depth understanding on the precise Cs‐Pb‐Br perovskite phase control and the effect of derivatives on photovoltaic performance of advanced CsPbBr3 PSCs.
The development of data analytics maturity assessment framework: DAMAF
Authors: Gökalp Mert Onuralp , Gökalp Ebru , Gökalp Selin , Koçyiğit Altan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractToday, data analytics plays a vital role in attaining competitive advantage, generating business value, and driving revenue streams for organizations. Thus, the organizations pay significant attention to improve their data analytics maturity. Nevertheless, the existing literature is dramatically limited in proposing a comprehensive roadmap to assist organizations for this scope. Thus, this study focuses on developing data analytics maturity assessment framework (DAMAF) that evaluates the organizational data analytics maturity in a staged manner from maturity level 0: incomplete to maturity level 5: optimizing. The DAMAF comprises the nine different data analytics attributes to address the specific needs of each data analytics maturity level. Accordingly, it aims to support organizations in assessing their current data analytics maturity, determining organizational gaps in data analytics, and preparing an extensive roadmap and suggestions for data analytics maturity improvement. In this research, we employed the DAMAF in an organization as a case study to evaluate its applicability and usefulness. The results showed that DAMAF properly reveals the data analytics gaps and provides a structured roadmap for continuously advancing the data analytics maturity of an organization.
[{TcI(NO)(LOMe)(PPh3)Cl}2Ag](PF6) and [TcII(NO)(LOMe)(PPh3)Cl](PF6): Two Unusual Technetium Complexes with a “Kläui‐type” Ligand
Authors: Roca Jungfer Maximilian , Ernst Moritz Johannes , Hagenbach Adelheid , Abram Ulrich 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe reaction of [TcI(NO)(LOMe)(PPh3)Cl] ({LOMe}−=η5‐cyclopentadienyltris(dimethyl phosphito‐P)cobaltate(III)) with Ag(PF6) gives two unexpected products: the dimeric technetium(I) complex [{Tc(NO)(LOMe)(PPh3)Cl}2Ag](PF6) with a central Ag+ ion and the cationic Tc(II) compound [Tc(NO)(LOMe)(PPh3)Cl](PF6). The products have been studied spectroscopically and by X‐ray diffraction.
Methodological approach for the development of an operator assistance system for the press shop
Authors: Kott Matthäus , Echler Daniel , Groche Peter 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe productivity of a deep drawing process strongly relies on its robustness as well as the experience of the machine operator. Steadily increasing requirements regarding weight, design and efficiency lead to a production operating increasingly closer to the process limits, making it more challenging to ensure a high robustness of the process. Minimal process fluctuations caused by disturbances such as varying material properties or changing tribological conditions may negatively affect the process due to deteriorated product properties as well as an increased risk of scrap. Thus, a target-oriented adjustment of available parameters by the machine operator becomes more difficult, and an increased knowledge about the causes of defects is more important. In the past, several approaches with different combinations of sensors and actuators have been investigated to enable a stable process window based on a control system. This paper presents a method to address the need for a more robust process by developing an operator assistance system that enables the identification of the component state and provides decision support to the machine operator. The methodological approach includes a thorough process analysis to evaluate the expediency of such a system and to make a reasonable preselection of sensors in order to avoid unnecessary costs.
Multitrophic Interactions Between Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Foliar Endophytic Fungi and Aphids
Authors: Razak Nadia Ab , Gange Alan C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAlmost all living plants can be simultaneously colonised by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the roots and endophytes in the shoots, while also being attacked by insect herbivores. However, to date, no study has ever examined the multitrophic interactions between these two different fungal groups and insects on any species of forb. Here, we examined the effects of two commercial species mixtures of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and two foliar endophytes (Colletotrichum acutatum and Cladosporium oxysporum) on the growth of an invasive weed, Impatiens glandulifera, and the aphids that attack it. AMF reduced plant biomass, which was most evident when C. oxysporum was inoculated. Mycorrhizal fungi had few effects on aphids, and these depended on the identity of the endophytes present. Meanwhile, endophytes tended to increase aphid numbers, but this depended on the identity of the AMF inoculum. Throughout, there were differences in the responses of the plant to the two mycorrhizal mixtures, demonstrating clear AMF specificity in this plant. These specific effects were also strongly affected by the endophytes, with a greater number of interactions found between the AMF and endophytes than between the endophytes themselves. In particular, AMF reduced infection levels by the endophytes, while some endophyte inoculations reduced mycorrhizal colonisation. We suggest that both AMF and endophytes could play an important part in future biological control programmes of weeds, but further multitrophic experiments are required to unravel the complexity of interactions between spatially separated parts of the plant microbiome.
Acute impact of an endurance race on biventricular and biatrial myocardial strain in competitive male and female triathletes evaluated by feature-tracking CMR
Authors: Chen Hang , Warncke Malte L. , Muellerleile Kai , Saering Dennis , Beitzen-Heineke Antonia , Kisters Anna , Swiderska Monika , Cavus Ersin , Jahnke Charlotte M. , Adam Gerhard , Lund Gunnar K. , Tahir Enver 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Cardiac adaptation in endurance athletes is a well-known phenomenon, but the acute impact of strenuous exercise is rarely reported on. The aim of this study was to analyze the alterations in biventricular and biatrial function in triathletes after an endurance race using novel feature-tracking cardiac magnetic resonance (FT-CMR).

Methods
Fifty consecutive triathletes (45 ± 10 years; 80% men) and twenty-eight controls were prospectively recruited, and underwent 1.5-T CMR. Biventricular and biatrial volumes, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), FT-CMR analysis, and late gadolinium imaging (LGE) were performed. Global systolic longitudinal (GLS), circumferential (GCS), and radial strain (GRS) were assessed. CMR was performed at baseline and following an endurance race. High-sensitive troponin T and NT-proBNP were determined. The time interval between race completion and CMR was 2.3 ± 1.1 h (range 1–5 h).

Results
Post-race troponin T (p < 0.0001) and NT-proBNP (p < 0.0001) were elevated. LVEF remained constant (62 ± 6 vs. 63 ± 7%, p = 0.607). Post-race LV GLS decreased by tendency (− 18 ± 2 vs. − 17 ± 2%, p = 0.054), whereas GCS (− 16 ± 4 vs. − 18 ± 4%, p < 0.05) and GRS increased (39 ± 11 vs. 44 ± 11%, p < 0.01). Post-race right ventricular GLS (− 19 ± 3 vs. − 19 ± 3%, p = 0.668) remained constant and GCS increased (− 7 ± 2 vs. − 8 ± 3%, p < 0.001). Post-race left atrial GLS (30 ± 8 vs. 24 ± 6%, p < 0.0001) decreased while right atrial GLS remained constant (25 ± 6 vs. 24 ± 6%, p = 0.519).

Conclusions
The different alterations of post-race biventricular and biatrial strain might constitute an intrinsic compensatory mechanism following an acute bout of endurance exercise. The combined use of strain parameters may allow a better characterization of ventricular and atrial function in endurance athletes.

Key Points
• Triathletes demonstrate a decrease of LV global longitudinal strain by tendency and constant RV global longitudinal strain following an endurance race.
• Post-race LV and RV global circumferential and radial strains increase, possibly indicating a compensatory mechanism after an acute endurance exercise bout.
• Subgroup analyses of male triathletes with focal myocardial fibrosis did not demonstrate alterations in biventricular and biatrial strain after an endurance race.
Process limits for percussion drilling of stainless steel with ultrashort laser pulses at high average powers
Authors: Brinkmeier David , Holder Daniel , Loescher André , Röcker Christoph , Förster Daniel J. , Onuseit Volkher , Weber Rudolf , Abdou Ahmed Marwan , Graf Thomas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe availability of commercial ultrafast lasers reaching into the kW power level offers promising potential for high-volume manufacturing applications. Exploiting the available average power is challenging due to process limits imposed by particle shielding, ambient atmosphere breakdown, and heat accumulation effects. We experimentally confirm the validity of a simple thermal model, which can be used for the estimation of a critical heat accumulation threshold for percussion drilling of AISI 304 steel. The limits are summarized in a processing map, which provides selection criteria for process parameters and suitable lasers. The results emphasize the need for process parallelization.
How lesions at different locations along the visual pathway influence pupillary reactions to chromatic stimuli
Authors: Kelbsch Carina , Stingl Krunoslav , Jung Ronja , Kempf Melanie , Richter Paul , Strasser Torsten , Peters Tobias , Wilhelm Barbara , Wilhelm Helmut , Tonagel Felix 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To examine systematically how prechiasmal, chiasmal, and postchiasmal lesions along the visual pathway affect the respective pupillary responses to specific local monochromatic stimuli.

Methods
Chromatic pupil campimetry (CPC) was performed in three patient groups (10 subjects with status after anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, 6 with chiasmal lesions, and 12 with optic tract or occipital lobe lesions (tumor, ischemia)) using red, low-intensity red, and blue local stimuli within the central 30° visual field. Affected areas - as determined by visual field defects revealed using conventional static perimetry - were compared with non-affected areas. Outcome parameters were the relative maximal constriction amplitude (relMCA) and the latency to constriction onset of the pupillary responses.

Results
A statistically significant relMCA reduction was observed in the affected areas of postchiasmal lesions with red (p = 0.004) and low-intensity red stimulation (p = 0.001). RelMCA reduction in the affected areas seemed more pronounced for low-intensity red stimulation (46.5% mean reduction compared to non-affected areas; 36% for red stimulation), however statistically not significant. In prechiasmal lesions, a statistically significant latency prolongation could be demonstrated in the affected areas with low-intensity red stimulation (p = 0.015).

Conclusion
Our results indicate that the choice of stimulus characteristics is relevant in detecting defects in the pupillary pathway of impairment along the visual pathway, favoring red stimuli of low intensity over blue stimuli. Such knowledge opens the door for further fundamental research in pupillary pathways and is important for future clinical application of pupillography in neuro-ophthalmologic patients.
Formation and degeneration of scaled capillary notochaetae in Owenia fusiformis Delle Chiaje, 1844 (Oweniidae, Annelida)
Authors: Müller Julian , Bartolomaeus Thomas , Tilic Ekin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPhylotranscriptomic studies of the past decade have repeatedly placed Oweniidae together with Magelonidae, as the sister group to remaining annelids. This newly established placement clearly makes them a key-lineage for understanding annelid evolution and morphology. One of the most prominent morphological features of all annelids are their chaetae. The arrangement and formation process (chaetogenesis) of these chitinous bristles have been studied extensively in hooked chaetae that are arranged in rows. However, the information on other types of chaetae is still scarce. In this study, we investigated the scaled capillary notochaetae of Owenia fusiformis, looking both into the formation process that causes the scaly surface ornamentation and into their arrangement within tight bundles. Our results demonstrate the incredible plasticity of chaetogenesis that allows forming a vast array of three-dimensional structures. The capillary chaetae of Owenia fusiformis are unique in lacking an enamel coating and the scales covering the apical surface of each chaeta are formed by a single microvillus of the chaetoblast. Furthermore, the bundle of chaetae has a peripherally located formative site and a central degenerative site and it appears to result from a secondary curling of the chaetal sac.
Augmented reality visualization in brain lesions: a prospective randomized controlled evaluation of its potential and current limitations in navigated microneurosurgery
Authors: Roethe Anna L. , Rösler Judith , Misch Martin , Vajkoczy Peter , Picht Thomas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundAugmented reality (AR) has the potential to support complex neurosurgical interventions by including visual information seamlessly. This study examines intraoperative visualization parameters and clinical impact of AR in brain tumor surgery.MethodsFifty-five intracranial lesions, operated either with AR-navigated microscope (n = 39) or conventional neuronavigation (n = 16) after randomization, have been included prospectively. Surgical resection time, duration/type/mode of AR, displayed objects (n, type), pointer-based navigation checks (n), usability of control, quality indicators, and overall surgical usefulness of AR have been assessed.ResultsAR display has been used in 44.4% of resection time. Predominant AR type was navigation view (75.7%), followed by target volumes (20.1%). Predominant AR mode was picture-in-picture (PiP) (72.5%), followed by 23.3% overlay display. In 43.6% of cases, vision of important anatomical structures has been partially or entirely blocked by AR information. A total of 7.7% of cases used MRI navigation only, 30.8% used one, 23.1% used two, and 38.5% used three or more object segmentations in AR navigation. A total of 66.7% of surgeons found AR visualization helpful in the individual surgical case. AR depth information and accuracy have been rated acceptable (median 3.0 vs. median 5.0 in conventional neuronavigation). The mean utilization of the navigation pointer was 2.6 × /resection hour (AR) vs. 9.7 × /resection hour (neuronavigation); navigation effort was significantly reduced in AR (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe main benefit of HUD-based AR visualization in brain tumor surgery is the integrated continuous display allowing for pointer-less navigation. Navigation view (PiP) provides the highest usability while blocking the operative field less frequently. Visualization quality will benefit from improvements in registration accuracy and depth impression.German clinical trials registration number.DRKS00016955.