bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does chest wall conformation influence myocardial strain parameters in infants with pectus excavatum?
Authors: Sonaglioni Andrea , Nicolosi Gian Luigi , Braga Marta , Villa Maria Cristina , Migliori Claudio , Lombardo Michele 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the possible influence of chest wall conformation on myocardial strain parameters in a consecutive population of infants with pectus excavatum (PE), noninvasively assessed by modified Haller index (MHI).MethodsSixteen consecutive PE infants (MHI >2.5) and 44 infants with normal chest shape (MHI ≤2.5) entered in this prospective case–control study. All infants underwent evaluation by neonatologist, transthoracic echocardiography implemented with two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D‐STE) analysis of both ventricles and MHI assessment (ratio of chest transverse diameter over the distance between sternum and spine), at two time points: within 3 days and at about 40 days of life.ResultsAt 2.1 ± 1 days of life, compared to controls (MHI = 2.01 ± 0.2), PE infants (MHI = 2.76 ± 0.2) were diagnosed with significantly smaller cardiac chambers dimensions. Biventricular contractile function and hemodynamics were similar in both groups of infants. Left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) (−16.0 ± 2.8 vs. −21.7 ± 2.2%), LV‐global circumferential strain (GCS) (−16.3 ± 2.7 vs. −24.0 ± 5.2%), LV‐global radial strain (GRS) (24.2 ± 3.0 vs. 31.5 ± 6.3%), and right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain (RVFWLS) (−16.0 ± 3.2 vs. −22.3 ± 4.4%) were significantly reduced in PE infants versus controls (allp < 0.001). A strong inverse correlation between MHI and the following parameters: LV‐GLS (r = −0.92), LV‐GCS (r = −0.88), LV‐GRS (r = −0.87), and RVFWLS (r = −0.88), was demonstrated in PE infants, but not in controls, in perinatal period (allp < 0.001). Analogous results were obtained at 36.8 ± 5.2 days after birth.ConclusionsAbnormal chest anatomy progressively impairs myocardial strain parameters in PE infants. This impairment might reflect intraventricular dyssynchrony due to compressive phenomena rather than intrinsic myocardial dysfunction.
Distal phalangeal erythema in an infant with biallelic PDSS1 mutations: Expanding the phenotype of primary Coenzyme Q10 deficiency
Authors: Bellusci Marcello , García‐Silva Maria Teresa , Martínez de Aragón Ana , Martín Miguel Angel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report a detailed clinical examination in a patient with primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency caused by biallelic mutations in the PDSS1 gene who presented clinical features of mitochondrial encephalopathy associated with pulmonary hypertension, livedo reticularis and particularly, chronic distal phalangeal erythema. Laboratory testing showed elevated plasma lactate and 3‐methyl‐glutaconic and tricarboxylic aciduria. Supplementation with high dose of coenzyme Q10 was not effective to control disease progression and the patient died at the age of 3 years old because of a progressive multisystem disorder. Cutaneous involvement in mitochondrial disease is heterogenous, including proliferative, inflammatory, and dystrophic changes among others. The coexistence in our case of phalangeal erythema, livedo reticularis, and pulmonary hypertension suggests microvascular dysfunction as a possible underlying mechanism. This is the first reported patient with PDSS1 mutations presenting with 3‐methyl‐glutaconic aciduria and distal phalangeal erythema, expanding the phenotype of primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency.
Use of magnetic resonance image‐guided radiotherapy for breast cancer: a scoping review
Authors: Berlangieri Alexandra , Elliott Sarah , Wasiak Jason , Chao Michael , Foroudi Farshad 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn recent years, we have seen the integration of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) simulators into radiotherapy centres and the emergence MR linear accelerators (MR‐linac). Currently, there are limited studies to demonstrate the clinical effectiveness of MRI guided radiotherapy (MRIgRT) treatment for breast cancer patients. The objective of this scoping review was to identify and map the existing evidence surrounding the clinical implementation of MRIgRT for breast cancer patients. We also identified the challenges and knowledge gaps in the literature. The scoping review was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) extension for Scoping Reviews reporting guidelines. Titles and abstracts were screened by two independent reviewers. Quantitative and qualitative data were extracted and summarised using thematically organised tables. Results identify that accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) is the most common form of treatment for MRIgRT. The presence of the magnet does not affect target coverage or violate organ at risk (OAR) constraints compared to standard radiotherapy methods. Consideration is advised for skin and chest wall (CW) due to the electron return effect (ERE) and areas such as armpit and chin due to the electron stream effect (ESE). Clinically, bolus has been used to protect and prevent unwanted dose in these areas. Overall treatment for APBI on the MR‐linac is feasible.
Lead dislodgement after a very long‐term period of cardiac implantable electronic device implantation
Authors: Iwakawa Hidehiro , Terata Ken , Yamanaka Takayuki , Tashiro Haruwo , Watanabe Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA 74‐year‐old man was admitted for a second replacement of a transvenous implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) generator at 15 years after implantation. Postoperatively, electrocardiographic monitoring showed atrial lead malfunction. Chest X‐ray revealed that the tip of the active fixation atrial lead was dislocated. We present a case of atrial lead dislodgement after a very long‐term period of an ICD implantation.
Optical Activity in Third‐Harmonic Rayleigh Scattering: A New Route for Measuring Chirality
Authors: Ohnoutek Lukas , Jeong Hyeon‐Ho , Jones Robin Raffe , Sachs Johannes , Olohan Ben J. , Răsădean Dora‐Maria , Pantoş Gheorghe Dan , Andrews David L. , Fischer Peer , Valev Ventsislav K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn 3D isotropic liquids, optical third‐harmonic generation is forbidden, with circularly polarized light (CPL). Yet the associated nonlinear susceptibility directly influences the optical properties at the fundamental frequency by intensity dependence (Kerr effect). Here, the hidden third‐harmonic optical properties upon CPL illumination are revealed by demonstrating a new effect, in hyper‐Rayleigh scattering. This effect is succinctly enunciated: the intensity of light scattered at the third‐harmonic frequency of the CPL incident light depends on the chirality of the scatterers. It is referred to as third‐harmonic (hyper) Rayleigh scattering optical activity (THRS OA) and was observed from Ag nanohelices randomly dispersed in water. The first analytical theory model for the new effect in nanohelices is also provided, highlighting the role of localized transition dipoles along the helical length. THRS OA is remarkably user‐friendly. It offers access to intricate optical properties (hyperpolarizabilities) that have so far been more easily accessible by computation and that are essential for the understanding of light−matter interactions. The new effect could find applications in hyper‐sensitive characterization of the chirality in molecules and in nanostructures; this chirality plays a fundamental role in the function of bio/nano‐machinery, with promising applications in next generation technologies.
A 28 GHz GaN HEMT quasi‐circulator with high isolation and high power‐handling capability
Authors: Wang Xiyao , Cai Qi , Zhu Haoshen , Feng Wenjie , Xue Quan , Che Wenquan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn active quasi‐circulator using gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistors technology is presented. By using two common‐gate and one common‐source transistors, two self‐interference signal paths from transmitting (Tx)‐port to receiving (Rx)‐port are constructed. Due to the features of out‐of‐phase and equal magnitude for the two‐path signals, sufficient Tx‐Rx isolation can be realized through cancellation of the two‐path signals at the Rx‐port. One prototype working at 27–29 GHz was designed and fabricated for demonstration. The measured results indicate maximum isolation of 44 dB at 28.2 GHz and the 30 dB isolation bandwidth of 300 MHz. The measured insertion losses of Tx‐path and Rx‐path are less than 4.5 and 3.6 dB within the operating frequency. Due to the high power density of the GaN devices, the measured IP1dB of the quasi‐circulator is better than 18 dBm.
Alaide P. Mammana and Carlos I.Z. Mammana
Authors: Peruvemba Sri 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProfessors Alaide P. Mammana and Carlos I.Z. Mammana have served as unrelenting forces behind the display and semiconductor initiatives in Latin America for more than six decades, training thousands, mentoring more than 400 students, stimulating a dozen startups, and spearheading SID's Latin Chapter for almost two decades.
Patient-Reported Outcomes with Selpercatinib Among Patients with RET Fusion–Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Phase I/II LIBRETTO-001 Trial
Authors: Minchom Anna , Tan Aaron C , Massarelli Erminia , Subbiah Vivek , Boni Valentina , Robinson Bruce , Wirth Lori J , Hess Lisa M , Jen Min-Hua , Kherani Jennifer , Olek Elizabeth , McCoach Caroline E 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
LIBRETTO-001 is an ongoing, global, open-label, phase I/II study of selpercatinib in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors. We report interim patient-reported outcomes in patients with RET fusion–positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients and Methods
Patients completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30) version 3.0 at baseline (cycle 1, day 1), approximately every other 28-day cycle until cycle 13, and every 12 weeks thereafter. Data were evaluated through cycle 13 as few patients had reached later time points. A change of ≥10 points from baseline in domain scores was considered clinically meaningful.

Results
Among 253 selpercatinib-treated patients, 239 were categorized into subgroups by prior therapy: treatment-naïve (n = 39), one prior line of therapy (n = 64), or two or more prior lines of therapy (n = 136). The QLQ-C30 was completed by &gt;85% of patients at each time point. Most patients overall and in each subgroup maintained or improved in all health-related quality of life (HRQoL) domains during treatment. The percentage of patients who experienced clinically meaningful improvements ranged from 61.1% to 66.7% for global health status, 33.3% to 61.1% for dyspnea, and 46.2% to 63.0% for pain. The 61.1% of patients with improved dyspnea had two or more prior lines of therapy; median time to first improvement was 3.4 months. At the first postbaseline evaluation (cycle 3), 45.9% of all patients reported a ≥10-point reduction in pain.

Conclusion
In this interim analysis, the majority of patients with RET fusion–positive NSCLC remained stable or improved on all QLQ-C30 subscales at each study visit, demonstrating favorable HRQoL as measured by the QLQ-C30 during treatment with selpercatinib.
Cu/Pd‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐(1,2,3‐Triazolyl)methyl‐3‐alkynylImidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines Involving Sequential SN Reaction/[3+2] Cycloaddition/Sonogashira Coupling Reactions
Authors: Qami Abdelkarim El , Jismy Badr , El Hakmaoui Ahmed , Akssira Mohamed , Abarbri Mohamed 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn efficient one‐pot regioselective synthesis of 2‐(1,2,3‐triazolyl)methyl‐3‐alkynyl imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines is reported under simple and mild reaction conditions. The new imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines embedded with 4‐substituted‐[1,2,3]‐triazole were obtained in good to excellent yields from 2‐(chloromethyl)‐3‐iodo imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines via a one‐pot sequence involving an SN reaction with azide, followed by copper‐catalyzed [3+2]cycloaddition and a Sonogashira coupling reaction.
Tadpole‐like Copolymer for Fabrication of Silica‐encapsulated Polysulfide Microspheres
Authors: Gao Shuxi , Pang Hao , Zhao Yifang , Dai Yongqiang , Hong PeiPing , Liao Bing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA novel giant surfactant, possessing a well‐defined hydrophilic tail and a hydrophobic head with rigid multiple conjugate chains, tadpole‐like copolymer with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane core (P9‐1), had been designed and synthesized via aminolysis/addition, interfacial oxidation polymerization. It was used to form complex micelles with polysulfides (PSL) for constructing the silica microspheres with micrometer dimensions in a simplified one‐pot synthesis. The characterization results for the morphologies of the complex micelles and the resulting microspheres indicated that the introduction of conjugated segments and steric hindrance of hybrid cage contributes to promote the stability and provide larger core space of the self‐assembled micelle to accommodate more PSL. With increasing the PSL/P9‐1 feed ratio, the size of microspheres and the content of PSL in the resulting microsphere were increased due to the PSL droplets providing a soft‐template for silica particles to build larger‐sized silica microspheres with PSL cores. And the growth mechanism of microstructures was also proposed in evaporation synthetic procedures, especially for special hollow morphology.
Molecular Imaging Contrast Properties of Fe3O4‐Au Hybrid Nanoparticles for Dual‐Mode MR/CT Imaging Applications
Authors: Nguyen Hoa Du , Le The Tam , Nguyen Thi Ngoc Linh , Phan Thi Hong Tuyet , Ho Dinh Quang , Pham Hong Nam , Nguyen Thien Vuong , Le Trong Lu , Tran Lam Dai 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe development of noninvasive testing techniques in medicine by combining dual‐mode Magnetic Resonance (MR)/ Computed Tomography (CT) imaging techniques will help overcome the limitations of the separated methods, leading to more accurate diagnoses. This has implications in clinical research, but currently remains a major challenge in terms of the need for a corresponding multimodal signal contrast agent. In this study, we use small size, monodispersed Fe3O4magnetic nanoparticles as the seeds to synthesize magneto‐plasmonic Fe3O4@Au hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) with multiple functions with core‐shell structures. The influence of the ratios of HAuCl4and oleyamine (OLA) precursors on the shape and size of the nanoparticles (NPs) was investigated. The HAuCl4/OLA ratio of 0.2/1 is the optimal condition. The obtained NPs has an average size of 21.2 nm with a uniform spherical shape, high monodispersity. After the surface functionalization with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), the resulting Fe3O4@Au@PAA HNPs showed excellent dispersion in water, good biocompatibility, non‐toxicity against Hep‐G2 cancer cell line and Vero healthy cell line at high test concentration. TheIn‐vitrotest data showed that the materials with Au shell enhance X‐ray decrease even at low concentrations compared to iodine‐based commercial substances while retaining the same effect as T2contrast agent with high transverse relaxation rate r2(125.2 mM−1s−1). TheIn‐vivoMRI images of rat liver tissue demonstrated that the hybrid nanoparticles showed the contrast increases 3 times under 1.5 T magnetic field after 30 minutes of drug administration. The computed tomography measurements showed the highest Hounsfield unit (HU) of 133.5 after the hybrid nanoparticle injected for 30 minutes. Thein‐vivoefficacy of Fe3O4@Au@PAA magneto‐plasmonic hybrid nanoparticles was further evaluated in the cardiac and renal organs in a mouse test model to study drug kinetics. Generally, these Fe3O4@Au@PAA hybrid nanomaterials showed great promise as a candidate for multi‐modality molecular bio‐imaging.
Photosynthetic Cyanobacteria‐Hybridized Black Phosphorus Nanosheets for Enhanced Tumor Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Qi Fenggang , Ji Penghao , Chen Zhixin , Wang Liping , Yao Heliang , Huo Minfeng , Shi Jianlin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted tremendous attention due to its advantages such as high safety and effectiveness compared to traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the intratumoral hypoxic microenvironment will inevitably compromise the PDT effect of the highly oxygen‐dependent type II photosensitizers, implicating the urgent demand for continuous intratumoral oxygenation. Herein, biocompatible photosynthetic cyanobacteria have been modified with inorganic two‐dimensional black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) to be a novel bioreactor termed as Cyan@BPNSs. Upon 660 nm laser irradiation, the photosynthetic cyanobacteria generate oxygen continuously in situ through photosynthesis, followed by the photosensitization of BPNSs for activating oxygen into singlet oxygen (1O2), resulting in a large amount of 1O2 accumulation at the tumor site and the consequent strong tumor cell killing effect both in vitro and in vivo. This work provides an attractive strategy for efficient and biocompatible PDT, meanwhile extends the scope of microbiotic nanomedicine by hybridizing microorganisms with inorganic nanophotosensitizer.
A Targeted Nanosystem for Detection of Inflammatory Diseases via Fluorescent/Optoacoustic Imaging and Therapy via Modulating Nrf2/NF‐κB Pathways
Authors: Ouyang Juan , Sun Lihe , Pan Jiayue , Zeng Zhuo , Zeng Cheng , Zeng Fang , Tian Mei , Wu Shuizhu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractInflammatory diseases are sometimes devastating and notoriously difficult to treat. Precisely modulating inflammatory signaling pathways is a promising approach for treating inflammatory diseases. Herein, a multifunctional nanosystem is developed for active targeting, activatable imaging and on‐demand therapy against inflammatory diseases through modulating inflammatory pathways. A chromophore‐drug dyad (QBS‐FIS) is synthesized by linking a chromophore and a Nrf2 (nuclear factor E2‐related factor) activator fisetin through boronate bond which serves as fluorescence quencher and ROS (reactive oxygen species)‐responsive linker. QBS‐FIS molecules form nanoparticles in water and are coated with macrophage cell membrane to ensure active targeting toward inflammation site. To further improve therapeutic efficacy, a NF‐kB (nuclear‐factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells) inhibitor thalidomide is co‐encapsulated to afford the nanosystem (QBS‐FIS&Thd@MM). Upon administration into mice, the nanosystem migrates to inflammatory site and pathological ROS therein cleaves the boronate bonds, thereby activating the chromophore for imaging liver/kidney inflammatory diseases for disease diagnosis and recovery evaluation via fluorescence and optoacoustic imaging as well as releasing the active drugs for treating acute liver inflammation through activating Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting NF‐kB pathway. The 3D multispectral optoacoustic tomography imaging is applied to precisely locate the inflammatory foci in a spatiotemporal manner.
Vertical innovation, foreign direct investment, and asymmetric imitation: A welfare analysis of intellectual property protection
Authors: Lin Hwan C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe paper examines the intertemporal welfare effects of strengthening intellectual property (IP) protection in the South using a North–South quality‐ladder model, where South‐bound foreign direct investment (FDI) serves as a bridge to transfer production from the North to the South. Modeling features include costly FDI, asymmetric productivity between multinational and Southern firms, and asymmetric imitation risks confronting multinational and Northern firms. In contrast to the literature, the paper shows that strengthening Southern IP protection cannot serve the Southern interest, although it can promote vertical innovation and South‐bound FDI. The North may reap a welfare gain, but it depends on whether Northern households are a dominant equity owner of Northern and multinational firms or whether the IP‐determined imitation risks are not too much biased towards multinational firms.
Global outliers detection in wireless sensor networks: A novel approach integrating time‐series analysis, entropy, and random forest‐based classification.
Authors: Safaei Mahmood , Driss Maha , Boulila Wadii , Sundararajan Elankovan A. , Safaei Mitra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWireless sensor networks (WSNs) have recently attracted greater attention worldwide due to their practicality in monitoring, communicating, and reporting specific physical phenomena. The data collected by WSNs is often inaccurate as a result of unavoidable environmental factors, which may include noise, signal weakness, or intrusion attacks depending on the specific situation. Sending high‐noise data has negative effects not just on data accuracy and network reliability, but also regarding the decision‐making processes in the base station. Anomaly detection, or outlier detection, is the process of detecting noisy data amidst the contexts thus described. The literature contains relatively few noise detection techniques in the context of WSNs, particularly for outlier‐detection algorithms applying time series analysis, which considers the effective neighbors to ensure a global‐collaborative detection. Hence, the research presented in this article is intended to design and implement a global outlier‐detection approach, which allows us to find and select appropriate neighbors to ensure an adaptive collaborative detection based on time‐series analysis and entropy techniques. The proposed approach applies a random forest algorithm for identifying the best results. To measure the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach, a comprehensive and real scenario provided by the Intel Berkeley Research Laboratory has been simulated. Noisy data have been injected into the collected data randomly. The results obtained from the experiment then conducted experimentation demonstrate that our approach can detect anomalies with up to 99% accuracy.
Survey on test case generation, selection and prioritization for cyber‐physical systems
Authors: Sadri‐Moshkenani Zahra , Bradley Justin , Rothermel Gregg 
Published: September 2021

SummaryA cyber‐physical system (CPS) is a collection of computing devices that communicate with each other, operate in the target environment via actuators and interact with the physical world through sensors in a feedback loop. CPSs need to be safe and reliable and function in accordance with their requirements. Testing, focusing on a CPS model and/or its code, is the primary approach used by engineers to achieve this. Generating, selecting and prioritizing test cases that can reveal faults in CPSs, from the wide range of possible input values and stimuli that affect their operation, are of central importance in this process. To date, however, in our search of the literature, we have found no comprehensive survey of research on test case generation, selection and prioritization for CPSs. In this article, therefore, we report the results of a survey of approaches for generating, selecting and prioritizing test cases for CPSs; the results illustrate the progress that has been made on these approaches to date, the properties that characterize the approaches and the challenges that remain open in these areas of research.