bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness, Durability, and Safety of Dolutegravir and Lamivudine Versus Dolutegravir, Lamivudine, and Abacavir in a Real-Life Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults
Authors: Mendoza Inés , Lázaro Alicia , Torralba Miguel 
Published: July 2021

Background: Dolutegravir (DTG) plus lamivudine (2-DR) is suggested as an initial and switch option in HIV-1 treatment. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness, durability, and safety of 2-DR compared with DTG plus abacavir/lamivudine (3-DR). Methods: This was an observational, ambispective study that included all treatment-naïve (TN) and treatment-experienced (TE) patients who started 2-DR or 3-DR between July 1, 2018, and November 30, 2020. The primary end point was noninferiority, at 24 and 48 weeks, of 2-DR versus 3-DR regarding the percentage of patients with viral load (VL)≥50 and 200 copies/mL in TN (4% margin) and VL<50 and 200 copies/mL in TE (margin 12%). Durability of response, and safety were also measured. Results: 242 patients were included (53 TN and 189 TE). Two TN patients on 2-DR had VL≥50 copies/mL and 1 had VL≥200 copies/mL at week 24. In TE patients on 2-DR, 90.2% achieved VL<200 copies/mL at week 24 (difference: 3.8%; 95% CI = −6.3% to 14%) and 91.8% at week 48 (difference: 0.06%; 95% CI = −9% to 10%), meeting noninferiority criteria. Among the 53 TN patients, only 1 VF was observed in 2-DR. In TN patients, the risk of treatment discontinuation was similar between groups (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.37; P = 0.15); similar rates were also found in TE patients (HR = 0.94; P = 0.85). TE patients on 2-DR showed a better safety profile compared with 3-DR patients ( P<0.001). Conclusion and Relevance: Our results did not show noninferiority in terms of virological effectiveness. Nevertheless, all effectiveness measures support the use of 2-DR in a real-life cohort of TN and TE. Additionally, durability and safety of 2-DR were confirmed to be similar to that of 3-DR.
Effect of AoA-L2 on L1 and L2 networks in early and late bilinguals
Authors: Liu Xiaojin , Tu Liu , Chen Xiaoxi , Wang Junjing , Li Meng , Lu Zhi , Huang Ruiwang 
Published: July 2021

Aim: The age of acquisition of second language (AoA-L2) affects the neural representation of the first language (L1) and L2. Although previous task-fMRI studies showed different activation patterns of language networks in early and late bilinguals, little is known about the effect of AoA-L2 on L1 and L2 resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) networks in bilinguals. In this study, we attempted to reveal the differences in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and topological properties of L1 and L2 networks related to AoA-L2 in bilinguals. Design: We pooled 10 early bilinguals and 11 late bilinguals with high proficiency level in L2 (PL-L2) and acquired their brain rs-fMRI data. By taking the brain regions obtained from a previous meta-analysis study as the seeds, we constructed L1 and L2 networks, and then estimated the RSFC and topological properties of L1 and L2 networks. Findings: Significantly higher RSFC between the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and lateral occipital gyrus (LOG) in the L1 network, and significantly higher RSFC between the IFG and angular gyrus (ANG) in the L2 network were observed in early bilinguals than in late bilinguals. Early bilinguals showed significantly higher clustering coefficient, global and local efficiency, but lower characteristic path length, than late bilinguals in the L2 network. Originality: Through analyzing the RSFC and topological properties of L1 and L2 networks, we observed the influence of AoA-L2 on the brain neuroplasticity in bilinguals. The findings may provide a new perspective for understanding the neuroplasticity in bilinguals with different L2 experience. Implications: The AoA-L2 affects the RSFC and topological properties of the L2 network more obviously relative to the L1 network in bilinguals. The effect of the L2 experience on the L1 network is hardly detected in bilinguals with high PL-L2.
Successful Endovascular Treatment of a Spontaneous Rupture of the Ascending Lumbar Vein: A Case Report
Authors: Zhang Xiaosong , Wang Yusheng , Tang Hao , Huang He , Zhang Honggang , Huang Xiaomin , Li Da 
Published: July 2021

Although there have been a few case reports of spontaneous rupture of pelvic veins, such as the iliac vein, to date, there have been no reports of spontaneous rupture of the ascending lumbar vein. Here, we report a case of spontaneous rupture of the ascending lumbar vein for the first time. A 66-year-old woman visited the emergency department due to the swelling of the left lower limb for 2 hours. After admission, the patient developed symptoms of pain in the left lumbar region, as well as symptoms of shock, such as increased heart rate and decreased blood pressure. During emergency venography, it was found that the ascending lumbar vein was ruptured, which was accompanied by the compression and occlusion of the iliac vein (May-Thurner syndrome). During the endovascular surgical treatment, a covered stent was placed in the iliac vein, and the occluded common iliac vein was treated with a bare stent. Immediately after the surgical procedure, the patient’s abdominal computed tomography examination showed the formation of a large retroperitoneal haematoma, and continuous routine blood parameter monitoring showed that haemoglobin was stable. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on the ninth postoperative day.
The Experiences of Healthcare Students Who Have Been Accused of Breaching Academic Integrity: A Study Protocol
Authors: Summers Anthony , Wadsworth Daniel , Bratby Karryn , Hobbs Eilish , Wood Denise 
Published: July 2021

Design: A mixed-methods design will be used to collect data for the study, with each stage being of equal importance. Stage one is an online survey and stage two is a series of semi-structured interviews. Context of study: To explore the experiences of healthcare students who have faced allegations of breaching academic integrity, to improve the support provided to these students. Objectives: The main objectives of this study are to explore and describe the experiences of these students to develop an understanding of the areas they need support while going through this process. Study population: Healthcare students studying at a regional university in Australia.
Endoscopic management of anastomotic leak after esophageal or gastric resection for malignancy: a multicenter experience
Authors: Hallit Rachel , Calmels Mélanie , Chaput Ulriikka , Lorenzo Diane , Becq Aymeric , Camus Marine , Dray Xavier , Gonzalez Jean Michel , Barthet Marc , Jacques Jérémie , Barrioz Thierry , Legros Romain , Belle Arthur , Chaussade Stanislas , Coriat Romain , Cattan Pierre , Prat Frédéric , Goere Diane , Barret Maximilien 
Published: July 2021

Background: Most anastomotic leaks after surgical resection for esophageal or esophagogastric junction malignancies are treated endoscopically with esophageal stents. Internal drainage by double pigtail stents has been used for the endoscopic management of leaks following bariatric surgery, and recently introduced for anastomotic leaks after resections for malignancies. Our aim was to assess the overall efficacy of the endoscopic treatment for anastomotic leaks after esophageal or gastric resection for malignancies. Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study in four digestive endoscopy tertiary referral centers in France. We included consecutive patients managed endoscopically for anastomotic leak following esophagectomy or gastrectomy for malignancies between January 2016 and December 2018. The primary outcome was the efficacy of the endoscopic management on leak closure. Results: Sixty-eight patients were included, among which 46 men and 22 women, with a mean ± SD age of 61 ± 11 years. Forty-four percent had an Ivor Lewis procedure, 16% a tri-incisional esophagectomy, and 40% a total gastrectomy. The median time between surgery and the diagnosis of leak was 9 (6–13) days. Endoscopic treatment was successful in 90% of the patients. The efficacy of internal drainage and esophageal stents was 95% and 77%, respectively ( p = 0.06). The mortality rate was 3%. The only predictive factor of successful endoscopic treatment was the initial use of internal drainage ( p = 0.002). Conclusion: Endoscopic management of early postoperative leak is successful in 90% of patients, preventing highly morbid surgical revisions. Internal endoscopic drainage should be considered as the first-line endoscopic treatment of anastomotic fistulas whenever technically feasible.
Estimating the Period Prevalence of Mothers Who Have Abortions: A Population Based Study of Inclusive Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Studnicki James , Fisher John W. , Longbons Tessa , Reardon David C. , Harrison Donna J. , Craver Christopher , Tsulukidze Maka , Skop Ingrid 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The prevalence of induced abortion among women with children has been estimated indirectly by projections derived from survey research. However, an empirically derived, population-based conclusion on this question is absent from the published literature. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the period prevalence of abortion among all other possible pregnancy outcomes within the reproductive histories of Medicaid-eligible women in the U.S. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, longitudinal analysis of the pregnancy outcome sequences of eligible women over age 13 from the 17 states where Medicaid included coverage of most abortions, with at least one identifiable pregnancy between 1999 and 2014. A total of 1360 pregnancy outcome sequences were grouped into 8 categories which characterize various combinations of the 4 possible pregnancy outcomes: birth, abortion, natural loss, and undetermined loss. The reproductive histories of 4,884,101 women representing 7,799,784 pregnancy outcomes were distributed into these categories. Results: Women who had live births but no abortions or undetermined pregnancy losses represented 74.2% of the study population and accounted for 87.6% of total births. Women who have only abortions but no births constitute 6.6% of the study population, but they are 53.5% of women with abortions and have 51.5% of all abortions. Women with both births and abortions represent 5.7% of the study population and have 7.2% of total births. Conclusion: Abortion among low-income women with children is exceedingly uncommon, if not rare. The period prevalence of mothers without abortion is 13 times that of mothers with abortion.
Emotional Bonding and Sexual Activity During COVID-19 Lockdown: A Cross-National Pilot Study
Authors: Roy Deblina , Kar Sujita Kumar , Arafat S. M. Yasir , Sharma Pawan , Kabir Russell 
Published: July 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures have affected the sexuality and emotional bonding among the couple across the world. Objectives: We aimed to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the married people’s emotional bonding and sexual relationships in 3 south Asian counties (Bangladesh, India, and Nepal). Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among Bangladesh, India, and Nepal residents from April 3 to April 15, 2020. The survey was designed in English. The participants were selected through convenience sampling technique, the link of the online questionnaire was shared with the participants. Only participants older than 18 years and above, married, and living with their spouses were included in the study. Results: A total number of 120 respondents were included finally for analysis from the participating countries (India, Nepal, and Bangladesh). The mean age of the participants was 35.42 (±5.73) years; the majority were males under the age of 40 years and had completed postgraduation as their qualification. Among the study participants, more than half (53.8%) of the women reported being sexually active during the lockdown, whereas 41% of the men reported being sexually active. Among the sexually active participants, most women (57.7%) reported that they perceived positive emotional bonding with their partners. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference observed when compared with men. There are variations in responses. However, no significant association was identified. Conclusion: There are a few insights from the study, that is, there was no significant difference found in almost 3 countries in emotional intimacy. There had been a trend that there is improved emotional bonding with their partners, although no significant difference was observed.
Reduced-intensity conditioning hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for chronic lymphocytic leukemia and Richter’s transformation
Authors: Lahoud Oscar B. , Devlin Sean M. , Maloy Molly A. , Roeker Lindsey E. , Dahi Parastoo B. , Ponce Doris M. , Gyurkocza Boglarka , Koehne Guenther , Young James W. , Castro-Malaspina Hugo R. , Barker Juliet N. , Papadopoulos Esperanza B. , Jakubowski Ann A. , Zelenetz Andrew D. , Mato Anthony R. , Giralt Sergio A. , Perales Miguel A. , Sauter Craig S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may potentially cure patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and Richter’s transformation (CLL-RT) or CLL without RT, but the impact of novel agents on HSCT is unclear. CLL-RT patients have a grave prognosis, and their outcomes after HSCT are uncertain. We conducted a retrospective analysis of all 58 CLL patients, including 23 CLL-RT patients, who underwent reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) HSCT at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (New York, NY) between September 2006 and April 2017. With a median follow-up of 68 months (range, 24-147 months), 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 40% (95% confidence interval [CI], 28%-56%), and overall survival (OS) was 58% (95% CI, 48%-74%). The 1-year graft-versus-host disease/relapse-free survival (GRFS) was 38% (95% CI, 25%-50%). Patients with CLL-RT and CLL patients without RT had comparable outcomes. In both cohorts, treatment-sensitive response and ≤3 previous lines of therapy produced superior PFS and OS. Outcomes were agnostic to adverse cytogenetic and molecular features. Novel agents did not have a negative impact on HSCT outcomes. Total body irradiation (TBI)-containing RIC yielded inferior PFS, OS, and GRFS. CLL-RT patients older than age 55 years who had an HSCT Comorbidity Index score of ≥2 demonstrated inferior OS. This study, which is the largest series of RIC-HSCT for patients with CLL-RT, provides evidence supporting RIC-HSCT in early remission courses for patients with CLL-RT and poor-risk CLL patients. TBI-containing RIC should be considered with caution.
Parenchymal mucinous cystadenoma of the kidney: a case report and literature review
Authors: Kalantari Mahmoudreza , Kalantari Shakiba , Mottaghi Mahdi , Aghaee Atena , Soltani Salman , Pedram Rad Behtash 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Mucinous cystadenoma (MC) of the kidney is exceedingly rare. We found 22 similar cases in the literature. These masses are underdiagnosed due to radiologic similarities with simple renal cysts.

Case presentation
A 66-year-old man with a previous history of hypertension and anxiety was referred to our tertiary clinic with left flank pain. Ultrasound revealed a 60 mm-sized, complex cystic mass with irregular septa in the lower pole of the left kidney (different from last year's sonographic findings of a simple benign cyst with delicate septa). CT scan showed the same results plus calcification. Due to suspected renal cell carcinoma, a radical nephrectomy was performed. Postoperative histopathologic examination revealed a cyst lined by a single layer of columnar mucin-producing cells with small foci of pseudo-stratification, consistent with the MC’s diagnosis. The first follow-up visit showed normal blood pressure without medication and no flank pain and anxiety after a month.

Conclusion
It is quite challenging to distinguish the primary MC of the kidney from a simple renal cyst based on clinical and imaging findings. The radiologic features of these entities overlap significantly. Thus, complex renal cyst and renal cysts with mural nodules should be followed closely to detect malignancy earlier.
Comparative genome and transcriptome analyses reveal innate differences in response to host plants by two color forms of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae
Authors: Huo Shi-Mei , Yan Zhi-Chao , Zhang Feng , Chen Lei , Sun Jing-Tao , Hoffmann Ary A. , Hong Xiao-Yue 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, is a major agricultural pest with a cosmopolitan distribution, and its polyphagous habits provide a model for investigating herbivore-plant interactions. There are two body color forms of T. urticae with a different host preference. Comparative genomics and transcriptomics are used here to investigate differences in responses of the forms to host plants at the molecular level. Biological responses of the two forms sourced from multiple populations are also presented.

Results
We carried out principal component analysis of transcription changes in three red and three green T. urticae populations feeding on their original host (common bean), and three hosts to which they were transferred: cotton, cucumber and eggplant. There were differences among the forms in gene expression regardless of their host plant. In addition, different changes in gene expression were evident in the two forms when responding to the same host transfer. We further compared biological performance among populations of the two forms after feeding on each of the four hosts. Fecundity of 2-day-old adult females showed a consistent difference between the forms after feeding on bean. We produced a 90.1-Mb genome of the red form of T. urticae with scaffold N50 of 12.78 Mb. Transcriptional profiles of genes associated with saliva, digestion and detoxification showed form-dependent responses to the same host and these genes also showed host-specific expression effects.

Conclusions
Our research revealed that forms of T. urticae differ in host-determined transcription responses and that there is form-dependent plasticity in the transcriptomic responses. These differences may facilitate the extreme polyphagy shown by spider mites, although fitness differences on hosts are also influenced by population differences unrelated to color form.
Comparative study on fruit development and oil synthesis in two cultivars of Camellia oleifera
Authors: Zhang Fanhang , Li Ze , Zhou Junqin , Gu Yiyang , Tan Xiaofeng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The oil-tea tree (Camellia oleifera Abel.) is a woody tree species that produces edible oil in the seed. C. oleifera oil has high nutritional value and is also an important raw material for medicine and cosmetics. In China, due to the uncertainty on maturity period and oil synthesis mechanism of many C. oleifera cultivars, growers may harvest fruits prematurely, which could not maximize fruit and oil yields. In this study, our objective was to explore the mechanism and differences of oil synthesis between two Camellia oleifera cultivars for a precise definition of the fruit ripening period and the selection of appropriate cultivars.

Results
The results showed that ‘Huashuo’ had smaller fruits and seeds, lower dry seed weight and lower expression levels of fatty acid biosynthesis genes in July. We could not detect the presence of oil and oil bodies in ‘Huashuo’ seeds until August, and oil and oil bodies were detected in ‘Huajin’ seeds in July. Moreover, ‘Huashuo’ seeds were not completely blackened in October with up to 60.38% of water and approximately 37.98% of oil in seed kernels whose oil content was much lower than normal mature seed kernels. The oil bodies in seed endosperm cells of ‘Huajin’ were always higher than those of ‘Huashuo’ from July to October.

Conclusion
Our results confirmed that C. oleifera ‘Huashuo’ fruits matured at a lower rate compared to ‘Huajin’ fruits and that ‘Huajin’ seeds entered the oil synthesis period earlier than ‘Huashuo’ seeds. Moreover, ‘Huashuo’ fruits did not mature during the Frost’s Descent period (October 23–24 each year).
Impact of a patient-centered medical home demonstration on quality of life and patient activation for older adults with complex needs in Singapore
Authors: Sum Grace , Ho Soon Hoe , Lim Zoe Zon Be , Chay Junxing , Ginting Mimaika Luluina , Tsao Mary Ann , Wong Chek Hooi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The first Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) demonstration in Singapore was launched in November 2016, which aimed to deliver integrated and patient-centered care for patients with bio-psycho-social needs. Implementation was guided by principles of comprehensiveness, coordinated care, shared decision-making, accessible services, and quality and safety. We aimed to investigate the impact of implementing the PCMH in primary care on quality of life (QoL) and patient activation.

Methods
The study design was a prospective single-arm pre-post study. We applied the 5-level EuroQol 5-dimension (EQ-5D-5L) and Visual Analog Scale (EQ VAS) instruments to assess health-related QoL. The CASP-19 tool was utilised to examine the degree that needs satisfaction was fulfilled in the domains of Control, Autonomy, Self-realisation, and Pleasure. The 13-item Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13) was used to evaluate knowledge, skills and confidence in management of conditions and ability to self-care. Multivariable linear regression models with random intercepts were applied to examine the impact of the PCMH intervention on outcome measures at 3 months and 6 months post-enrolment, compared to baseline.

Results
We analysed 165 study participants enrolled into the PCMH from November 2017 to April 2020, with mean age 77 years (SD: 9.9). Within-group pre-post (6 months) EQ-5D-5L Index (β= -0.01, p-value = 0.35) and EQ VAS score (β=-0.03, p-value = 0.99) had no change.
Compared to baseline, there were improvements in CASP-19 total score at 3 months (β = 1.34, p-value = 0.05) and 6 months post-enrolment (β = 1.15, p-value = 0.08) that were marginally out of statistical significance. There was also a significant impact of the PCMH on the CASP-19 Pleasure domain (β = 0.62, p = 0.03) at 6 months post-enrolment, compared to baseline. We found improved patient activation from a 15.2 % reduction in the proportion of participants in lower PAM levels, and a 23.4 and 16.7 % rise in proportion for higher PAM levels 3 and 4, respectively, from 3 months to 6 months post-enrolment.

Conclusions
Preliminary demonstration of the PCMH model shows evidence of improved needs satisfaction and patient activation, with potential to have a greater impact after a longer intervention duration.