bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
General approach to the line source electromagnetic scattering by a circular strip: Both E‐ and H‐polarisation cases
Authors: Karaçuha Kamil 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study presents a new approach to line‐source diffraction by a circular strip. The investigation is obtained by employing both electric and magnetic line sources where the corresponding field components satisfy the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. The position of the line source in the problem resulted in a very different radiation mechanism. Regarding the boundary condition and the aperture size, the total field characteristics change noticeably. The current density on the circular strip is expressed by Fourier series expansion, and then, orthogonal polynomials including edge condition are utilised to obtain the scattered field. The investigation is done throughout the far‐field radiation pattern, near‐field distributions, and the total radar cross‐section. Then, the results are compared with the analytical and numerical outcomes. For the comparison, the method of moments and the method of auxiliary sources are employed as the numerical tools.
An adaptative control strategy for interfacing converter of hybrid microgrid based on improved virtual synchronous generator
Authors: Zhang Liang , Wang Xuesong , Zhang Zhe , Cui Ying , Ling Lyu , Cai Guowei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInertial support for hybrid AC/DC microgrid systems is provided by the virtual synchronous generator (VSG). However, the fast performance of the system is neglected while enhancing the stability of the system. To address this problem, an adaptive virtual inertia control strategy based on VSG technology is proposed. This control approach adaptively adjusts the system virtual inertia when the system operation deviates from the nominal value, by slowing down the rate of change of AC frequency and DC voltage and improving the deviation of AC frequency and DC voltage. Meanwhile, when the AC frequency and DC voltage restore back to the rated value, the rate of change of AC frequency is accelerated and the DC voltage fluctuation is reduced by dynamically adjusting the virtual inertia of the system. The proposed adaptive virtual inertia control method combines the advantages of large and small inertia to effectively improve the dynamic response of the system voltage and frequency in both rectifier and inverter modes. Finally, the simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.
Surface Composite Fabrication by Friction Stir Processing: A Review
Authors: Sharma Anubhav , Maheshwari Sachin , Khanna Pradeep 
Published: October 2021

Newer materials with unique properties are needed to cater the ever-increasing industrial demands to meet new challenges concerning technological advancements. Quest for special materials and processes is prevalent as conventional materials fail to level up. Composite materials promisingly bridge this gap by providing controllable properties at reasonable costs. Their scope of application can further be drastically enhanced by subjecting them to special surface processing treatments. Friction stir processing (FSP) is one such promising process that can meet the stringent applicational demands. Composites are increasingly being used in industries for properties like high strength to weight ratio, increased hardness, stiffness, ductility, corrosion resistance, etc. FSP, a solid-state material modification technique, has proved its caliber in surface composite fabrication. Some attention-seeking advantages of FSP include peerless efficiency, less tool wear rate, and ability to modify material locally are some of many attention-seeking advantages. Despite being cost-effective FSP also manages to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional manufacturing process. FSP reinforces a special material into the parent material surface to attain specific properties. Properties so developed depend on parameters like: tool geometry, traverse speed, rotation speed, number of passes etc. The present paper aims to review comprehensive information on fabrication of surface composites by FSP, process parameters, properties, industrial applications, and future scope.
Key Words:
Friction stir processing
surface processing treatments
surface composites
material modification
process parameters.
Retalho bilobado na reconstrução das clinodactilias da mão: Descrição da técnica e avaliação do resultado
Authors: Kaempf Ricardo , Brunelli João Pedro Farina , Aita Márcio Aurelio , Delgado Pedro J. , Soldado Francisco , Vergara Enrique 
Published: October 2021

Resumo
Objetivo A clinodactilia é uma deformidade congênita da mão, caracterizada por desvio angular coronal, podendo ocorrer em polegares ou dedos. O tratamento cirúrgico é indicado para angulações severas. Dentre as técnicas descritas, uma das opções consiste no alinhamento ósseo, através de osteotomia em cunha de adição da falange anômala. Essa manobra de alinhamento gera uma dificuldade de cobertura cutânea, juntamente com a tensão das partes moles no lado côncavo da deformidade. Sendo assim, algum tipo de retalho cutâneo é necessário para o fechamento adequado da ferida cirúrgica. Objetivamos demonstrar a técnica citada e avaliar os resultados do retalho bilobado no tratamento das clinodactilias da mão.
Métodos Estudo retrospectivo entre janeiro de 2008 e janeiro de 2015. Foram incluídos cinco pacientes no estudo, nove dedos foram submetidos à cirurgia. Tiveram indicação cirúrgica os pacientes com desvios angulares nos dedos acima de 30 graus. Não foram excluídos do estudo os pacientes com deformidades no polegar, nem aqueles com deformidades associadas a síndromes. Foram avaliados os resultados funcionais e estéticos com o uso desta técnica, assim como as complicações e o grau de satisfação dos familiares.
Resultados Todos os pacientes apresentaram resultados funcionais e estéticos satisfatórios, com cicatrização cutânea média de 18,6 dias. Entre os nove dedos submetidos à cirurgia, apenas um dos pacientes apresentou comprometimento vascular na porção distal do primeiro lobo do retalho, porém sem necrose ou necessidade de qualquer procedimento adicional. Os pacientes foram acompanhados durante um intervalo mínimo de 12 meses. Nenhuma deformidade ocorreu durante o período de observação.
Conclusão O uso do retalho bilobado no tratamento das clinodactilias da mão é uma boa opção para cobertura cutânea após a realização de osteotomia.
Abordagem conservadora da mão torta ulnar tipo III: Relato de caso
Authors: Cury Gabriel Chartuni Teixeira , Sá Leonardo Álaf Lucinda de , Oliveira Cler David , Caires Nathália Vieira , Filho Arnaldo Gonçalves de Jesus , Schroder e Souza Bruno Gonçalves 
Published: October 2021

ResumoA mão torta ulnar é uma rara afecção de membros superiores, cujo tratamento depende do grau de comprometimento morfológico e funcional, que se correlaciona com a classificação radiográfica de Dobyns, Wood e Bayne. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar um caso de um paciente de 6 anos de idade, do sexo masculino, acompanhado devido a mão torta ulnar do tipo III (aplasia total da ulna). Apesar da dificuldade inicial de manipular objetos e realizar tarefas cotidianas, o tratamento conservador fisioterapêutico propiciou o ganho de força e o desenvolvimento de habilidades funcionais para a vida diária. Concluímos que pacientes com deformidade do tipo III podem ser manejados adequadamente com reabilitação embora necessitem de seguimento ambulatorial até a maturidade esquelética, pois deformidades dinâmicas e novas limitações funcionais podem levar à necessidade de cirurgias corretivas.
Duplicação total do fêmur: Relato de caso com 23 anos de seguimento
Authors: Oliveira Rafael Garcia de , Catelan Giampaulo Marcelo , Gomes Cicero Ricardo 
Published: October 2021

ResumoA duplicação do fêmur é raríssima, e os poucos casos descritos são de duplicações parcial, proximal ou distal. Segundo a nossa revisão de literatura, esse é o primeiro relato de duplicação total. O paciente foi acompanhado, sem tratamento cirúrgico, por 23 anos. Na última visita, queixava-se de dor lombar marcada discrepância dos membros inferiores. A avaliação clínico-radiográfica mostrava um joelho direito com dois côndilos femorais separados que se articulavam com a tíbia proximal e uma patela hipoplásica, e limitação da flexão do joelho em 95°. O paciente apresentava dismetria dos membros inferiores medida em 17 cm, o que resultava em obliquidade pélvica e escoliose dextroconvexa. O paciente recebeu uma ortoprótese de 16 cm que trouxe melhora do padrão de marcha e resolução da queixa de lombalgia.
A Rare Cause of Hemoptysis in West Syndrome—Isolated Aortopulmonary Collaterals in Structurally Normal Heart
Authors: Harshith Kramadhari , Anoop Ayyappan , Jineesh Valakkada 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMajor aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs) are abnormal systemic to pulmonary collateral vessels originating from the persistent segmental arteries. The common conditions concomitant with MAPCA are congenital heart diseases with reduced pulmonary blood flow. Isolated MAPCAs represent occurrence of collaterals in the absence of underlying heart disease, which commonly present as heart failure, recurrent respiratory tract infection, and pulmonary artery hypertension. Here, we describe a case of West syndrome presenting with hemoptysis due to isolated MAPCAs and its causal relation and management.
Radio-pathological and Clinical Correlation of Aggressive Angiomyxoma: Experience of a Tertiary Care Cancer Hospital
Authors: Dhamija Ekta , Aswar Harshal , Ehmad Sawyer , Barwad Adarsh , Pandey Rambha , Rastogi Sameer 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare mesenchymal tumor predominantly affecting the pelvis and perineum of females. Due to its variable clinical presentation, it is often misinterpreted and treated as other pathologies like Bartholin gland cyst, vulvar abscess, and hernia. The tumor is locally infiltrative, making its complete surgical removal difficult.Aim The aim of the study is to highlight and illustrate the imaging and pathological features of AAM.Materials and Methods After obtaining clearance from the Institutional Ethics Committee, a retrospective study was conducted on patients with histopathological diagnosis of AAM, presenting to the dedicated sarcoma clinic between 2016 and 2019. The demographic, clinical, radiological, pathological, and treatment details were obtained from the institute's database. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography images were reviewed to assess different imaging parameters. Follow-up imaging was assessed for residual or recurrent mass in the pelvis or perineum and distant metastasis.Results A total of four patients were included with an age range of 28 to 50 years. The baseline MRI of these four patients shows pelvic mass extending into the perineum, infiltrating along the surrounding fascial planes with the characteristic laminated appearance on T2-weighted image and gradual intense enhancement following contrast administration. All patients had residual disease post-surgery and were put on hormonal therapy.Conclusion AAMs are locally aggressive, rarely metastasizing mesenchymal tumor that has a specific predilection for the perineum and pelvis of females. MRI features like laminated or striated appearance, post-contrast enhancement, and finger-like infiltrating projections should raise the suspicion of the diagnosis on baseline imaging.
Imaging Features of Postradiotherapy Changes in Head and Neck Cancers
Authors: Gehani Anisha , Sen Saugata , Chatterjee Sanjoy , Mukhopadhyay Sumit 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRadiation therapy is the mainstay in the treatment of head and neck cancers, in addition to surgery and chemotherapy. Expected radiotherapy changes evolving over time may be confused with recurrent tumor. Conversely, even residual or recurrent tumor in the setting of postradiotherapy changes may be difficult to identify clinically or even by radiological imaging. Therefore, it is important to be familiar with the temporal evolution of these changes. The purpose of this pictorial essay is thus to illustrate distinctly the expected radiotherapy changes and radiotherapy-related complications in the head and neck region and to differentiate them from tumor recurrence on routine cross-sectional imaging techniques (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging).
Variability in the Processing of Fresh Osteochondral Allografts
Authors: Paul Kyle D. , Patel Romil K. , Arguello Alexandra M. , Kwapisz Adam , Brabston Eugene W. , Stannard James P. , Ponce Brent A. , Momaya Amit M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe indications for fresh osteochondral allograft continue to increase. As a result, variations in graft processing and preservation methods have emerged. An understanding of these techniques is important when evaluating the optimal protocol for processing fresh osteochondral allografts prior to surgical implantation. The aim of this study is to review the literature and understand various tissue processing protocols of four leading tissue banks in the United States. Donor procurement, serological and microbiological testing, and storage procedures were compared among companies of interest. Similarities between the major tissue banks include donor screening, aseptic processing, and testing for microorganisms. Variability exists between these companies with relation to choice of storage media, antibiotic usage, storage temperature, and graft expiration dates. Potential exists for increased chondrocyte viability and lengthened time-to-expiration of the graft through a protocol of delicate tissue handling, proper choice of storage medium, adding hormones and growth factors like insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) to serum-free nutrient media, and storing these grafts closer to physiologic temperatures.
Current Insights in the Evaluation and Treatment of Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Ashley Blair S. , Parvizi Javad 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTotal knee arthroplasty is a widely successful procedure, but a small percentage of patients have a postoperative course complicated by periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). PJI is a difficult problem to diagnose and to treat, and the management of PJI differs, depending on the acuity of the infection. This paper discusses the established and newer technologies developed for the diagnosis of PJI as well as different treatment considerations and surgical solutions currently available.
Photoluminescence and Raman mapping of β-Ga2O3
Authors: Remple Cassandra , Huso Jesse , McCluskey Matthew D. 
Published: October 2021

The semi-insulating single crystal β-Ga2O3 is becoming increasingly useful as a substrate for device fabrication. Fe doping is a method for producing such substrates. Along with Fe dopants, β-Ga2O3:Fe also contains Cr3+. Photoluminescence (PL) emission peaks at 690 nm (1.80 eV) and 696 nm (1.78 eV), as well as a broad feature around 709 nm (1.75 eV), are observed in β-Ga2O3:Fe. PL mapping of the 690 nm emission showed high and low intensity bands due to impurity striations introduced during crystal growth. PL mapping also revealed surface defects showing broad emissions around 983 nm (1.26 eV) and 886 nm (1.40 eV) that were spatially localized, occurring at discrete spots on the sample surface. Raman mapping of an 886 nm emission center revealed peaks at 2878 and 2930 cm−1, consistent with an organometallic or hydrocarbon compound. Raman mapping of the 983 nm center showed a peak at 2892 cm−1. Bright UV emission centers showed Raman peaks at 2910 and 2968 cm−1, which are attributed to Si–CH3 groups that may originate from silica polishing compounds or annealing in a silica ampoule.
Barriers and facilitators to virtual care in a geriatric medicine clinic: a semi-structured interview study of patient, caregiver and healthcare provider perspectives
Authors: Watt Jennifer A , Fahim Christine , Straus Sharon E , Goodarzi Zahra 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
COVID-19-related physical distancing measures necessitated widespread adoption of virtual care (i.e. telephone or videoconference), but patients, caregivers and healthcare providers raised concerns about its implementation and sustainability given barriers faced by older adults.

Objective
To describe barriers and facilitators experienced by people accessing and providing virtual care in a geriatric medicine clinic.

Design
Qualitative semi-structured interview study.

Setting and participants
We recruited and interviewed 20 English-speaking patients, caregivers and healthcare providers who participated in virtual care at St. Michael’s Hospital’s geriatric medicine clinic, Toronto, Canada, between 22 October 2020 and 23 January 2021.

Methods
We analyzed data in two stages: framework analysis and deductive coding to the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Results
We included six healthcare providers, seven patients and seven caregivers. We identified eight themes: impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on virtual care uptake, complexity of virtually caring for older adults, uncertain accuracy of virtual assessments, inequity in access to virtual care, importance of caring for the patient-caregiver dyad, assimilating technology into the lives of older adults, impact of technology-related factors on virtual care uptake and impact of clinic processes on integration of virtual care into outpatient care. Further, we identified knowledge, skills, belief in capabilities, and environmental context and resources as key barriers and facilitators to uptake.

Conclusions
Patients, caregivers and healthcare providers believe that there is a role for virtual care after COVID-19-related physical distancing measures relax, but we must tailor implementation of virtual care programs for older adults based on identified barriers and facilitators.
“Split-Face” Evaluation of Collagen Changes Induced by Periorbital Fractional CO2 Laser Resurfacing
Authors: de Filippi Sartori Juliana , Osaki Tammy Hentona , Osaki Midori Hentona , de Souza Rodrigo Barbosa , Allemann Norma 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Periorbital fractional CO2 laser resurfacing has been employed for facial rejuvenation purposes. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has objectively assessed periorbital neoformation and remodeling of local cutaneous collagen, in a split-face model, from skin samples obtained during upper blepharoplasty.

Objectives
The authors sought to objectively evaluate neoformation and remodeling of local cutaneous collagen after periorbital skin fractional CO2 laser resurfacing.

Methods
Sixteen female patients presenting with dermatochalasis and periorbital rhytids were evaluated in a prospective and comparative study. All patients underwent unilateral periorbital fractional CO2 laser resurfacing 30 days before upper blepharoplasty. Quantification of types I and III collagen from laser-treated and untreated eyelid skin samples obtained during upper blepharoplasty was assessed with histochemical analysis (Picrosirius Red staining). Laser resurfacing treatment was applied to the untreated side immediately after the upper blepharoplasty. Two blinded, independent physicians evaluated clinical improvement in pretreatment and 1- and 6-month posttreatment digital images.

Results
Histochemical analysis showed significantly higher intensity in collagen types I (treated: 158.7 ± 5.3, untreated: 139.2 ± 5.0; P &lt; 0.0001) and III (treated: 105.1 ± 7.7, untreated: 104.1 ± 7.1; P &lt; 0.0001) in the fractional CO2 laser treatment samples; a greater difference was detected in collagen type I. A significant improvement in periorbital rhytidosis was observed 1 month after laser resurfacing (23%); a greater improvement in the periorbital region was observed 6 months after laser resurfacing and upper blepharoplasty (43.67%).

Conclusions
Periorbital fractional CO2 laser resurfacing was an effective method to improve palpebral skin, with histochemical evidence of increase in collagen types I and III.

Level of Evidence: 4
How important was polyploidy in the diversification of herbs in the Chaquean Domain? The case of theTurnera sidoidesautopolyploid complex (Passifloraceae: Turneroideae)
Authors: Solís Neffa Viviana G , Moreno E M Sara , Silva Gisella C , Kovalsky I Evelin , Via Do Pico Gisela M , Almirón Emilia N A , Roggero Luque Juan M , Fernández Silvia A , Paredes Esteban N , Chalup Laura M I , Robledo Dobladez Germán A , Seijo J Guillermo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe evolutionary processes that shape the unique biodiversity of the Neotropical Chaquean Domain are still poorly understood, and choosing an appropriate model to address evolutionary questions is essential for understanding the current patterns of Chaquean diversity. We used the Turnera sidoides autopolyploid complex as a model to assess current and past environmental factors and the processes that shaped and maintain its intraspecific variation in the Chaquean Domain. Based on current and past niche modelling, cytogeographical and genetic divergence analyses, we provide strong evidence that the T. sidoides complex has been in an active process of intraspecific allopatric diversification at the diploid level since the early Pleistocene. Further diversification of the complex involved the emergence of independent polyploid series in each morphologically divergent lineage. Cytotypes in each series do not differ in diagnostic morphological traits, but are reproductively isolated and have different ecological requirements. Currently, each subspecies/morphotype and cytotype are true species according to the biological, evolutionary and ecological concepts; however, they are still considered to be the same morphological species. Our study has clarified the effect of the complex processes of diversification occurring in the Chaquean Domain on T. sidoides and that much diversity is overlooked when only the morphological species concept is considered when estimating the diversity of Neotropical ecoregions.
Gene Ontology curation of the blood–brain barrier to improve the analysis of Alzheimer’s and other neurological diseases
Authors: Saverimuttu Shirin C C , Kramarz Barbara , Rodríguez-López Milagros , Garmiri Penelope , Attrill Helen , Thurlow Katherine E , Makris Marios , de Miranda Pinheiro Sandra , Orchard Sandra , Lovering Ruth C 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The role of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases is still the subject of many studies. However, those studies using high-throughput methods have been compromised by the lack of Gene Ontology (GO) annotations describing the role of proteins in the normal function of the BBB. The GO Consortium provides a gold-standard bioinformatics resource used for analysis and interpretation of large biomedical data sets. However, the GO is also used by other research communities and, therefore, must meet a variety of demands on the breadth and depth of information that is provided. To meet the needs of the Alzheimer’s research community we have focused on the GO annotation of the BBB, with over 100 transport or junctional proteins prioritized for annotation. This project has led to a substantial increase in the number of human proteins associated with BBB-relevant GO terms as well as more comprehensive annotation of these proteins in many other processes. Furthermore, data describing the microRNAs that regulate the expression of these priority proteins have also been curated. Thus, this project has increased both the breadth and depth of annotation for these prioritized BBB proteins.
Database URLhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/