bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UAV-Borne, LiDAR-Based Elevation Modelling: An Effective Tool for Improved Local Scale Urban Flood Risk Assessment
Authors: Trepekli Katerina , Balstrøm Thomas , Friborg Thomas , Fog Bjarne , Allotey Albert N. , Kofie Richard Y. , Møller-Jensen Lasse 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study we present the first findings of the potential utility of miniaturized Light and Detection Ranging (LiDAR) scanners mounted on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for improving urban flood assessment at the local scale. This is done by generating high spatial resolution Digital Terrain Models (DTM) featuring buildings and urban microtopographic structures that can affect floodwater pathways (DTMbs). The accuracy and level of detail of the flooded areas simulated by a hydrologic screening model (Arc-Malstrøm), were vastly improved when DTMbs of 0.3 m resolution representing three urban sites surveyed by a UAV-LiDAR in Accra, Ghana, supplemented a commercially available 10 m resolution DTM covering the full catchment area of the region. The generation of DTMbs necessitated the effective classification of UAV-LiDAR point clouds using a morphological and a triangulated irregular network method for hilly and flat landscapes, respectively. The UAV-LiDAR enabled the identification of archways, boundary walls and bridges that were critical when predicting precise runoff courses that could not be projected using the DTM only. Variations in a stream’s geometry due to a one-year time gap between the satellite-based and UAV-LiDAR datasets were also observed. The application of the coarser DTM produced an overestimation of water flows equal to 15% for sloping terrain and up to 62.5% for flat areas when compared to the respective runoff simulated using the DTMbs. The application of UAV-LiDAR may enhance the effectiveness of urban planning by projecting precisely the location, extent and runoff of flooded areas in dynamic urban settings.
The Effectiveness of Community Neurorehabilitation for Persons with an Acquired Brain Injury: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Phillips Nicola , Ahern Elayne , Mockler David , McGettrick Grainne , Fitzpatrick Kyle , Trépel Dominic 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) refers to any type of brain damage after birth. ABI from either traumatic or non-traumatic origin is a leading cause of death and long-term disability globally. The impact of an ABI can be cognitive and/ or physical greatly affecting their ability to function independently. With a lack of specialist inpatient rehabilitation facilities and services many of these survivors reside within the community either alone, with family or in residential facilities. Up-to-date evidence is required to indicate which forms of community rehabilitation are most effective in improving cognitive and physical outcomes for survivors. This systematic review aims to explore the clinical effectiveness of community neurorehabilitation services for persons living with an ABI. Methods A systematic review of relevant electronic databases will be undertaken to identify eligible published randomised controlled trials. The PRISMA statement will be used to guide the systematic review. From running the initial search, we aim to submit the paper for publishing within 6 months. This process will be completed using Covidence software. Two reviewers will independently screen the search results and select studies using pre-defined selection criteria, extract data from and assess risk of bias for selected studies. Discussion This systematic review will aim to explore the clinical effectiveness of community neuro-rehabilitation services for persons with an ABI. It plans to review and synthesize the current best available evidence base. A goal of this study is to positively inform ongoing service development within a quality framework. Systematic review registration CRD: CRD42020148604
Summertime precipitation in Hokkaido and Kyushu, Japan in response to global warming
Authors: Takabatake Daichi , Inatsu Masaru 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We analyzed a large ensemble dataset called the database for Policy Decision Making for Future climate change (d4PDF), which contains 60-km resolution atmospheric general circulation model output and 20-km resolution dynamical downscaling for the Japanese domain. The increase in moisture and precipitation, and their global warming response in June–July–August were described focusing on the differences between Hokkaido and Kyushu. The results suggested that the specific humidity increased almost following the Clausius Clapeyron relation, but the change in stationary circulation suppressed the precipitation increase, except for in western Kyushu. The + 4 K climate in Hokkaido would be as hot and humid as the present climate in Kyushu. The circulation change related to the southward shift of the jet stream and an eastward shift of the Bonin high weakened the moisture flux convergence via a stationary field over central Japan including eastern Kyushu. The transient eddy activity counteracted the increase in humidity, so that the moisture flux convergence and precipitation did not change much over Hokkaido. Because the contribution of tropical cyclones to the total precipitation was at most 10%, the decrease in the number of tropical cyclones did not explain the predicted change in precipitation.
Investigation of Attenuation and Directional Characteristics of Millimeter Wave Propagation in Urban Environment Using Ray Tracing Technique
Authors: Adula Segni Merga , Diba Feyisa Debo , Gebretsadik Atli Lemma 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Future high densification wireless networks come with high handoff rates, which require knowledge of mobile speed. Mobile speed estimation is crucial for optimizing handover to reduce call drops and network signaling flow, optimize traffic scheduling, improve quality of service, achieve resource optimization, mobility load balancing, channel quality feedback enhancement, and energy efficiency. In this paper, we present a low complexity mobile speed estimation model using count of peaks and troughs of the received signal envelop. We simulated the model in Matlab® and our result shows that the model has a maximum error of 0.25 m/sec. The model has two advantages. First, it does not require measurement of the received signal power; it only counts envelop peaks and troughs. Second, the model is independent of dc offset inherent in the radio receivers. However, the model has one limitation- it does not give the crossing component of a mobile’s velocity.
Delirium in Covid-19 Patients: Incidence, Risk Factors and Early Outcomes.
Authors: Mejia-Mantilla Jorge Humberto , Gempeler Andrés , Gaviria Leidy K , Amaya Pablo , Aldana Jose Luis , Muñoz Beatriz Elena , Pinilla Gabriel , Rivillas Julian , Scarpetta Diego , Perdomo Cristhian Camilo Rojas , Echeverri Nicolás Orozco , Sotomayor Alex , Yara Julián , Jimenez Javier A , Arango Akemi , Orozco Jorge Luis 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Delirium is a frequent event in severely ill patients; its incidence and prevalence varies depending on several factors; Covid has been associated to high incidence of delirium leading to speculation of specific mechanisms of neurotoxicity by the SARS-CoV-2. We present the analysis of risk factors for delirium incidence and the impact of delirium in the functional outcomes.
Methods

We included patients admitted to a referral center in Cali, Colombia between April and August 2020. Patients were evaluated for demographics, severity of disease, comorbidities, clinical outcomes, delirium and survival at discharge. We evaluated the association of patient characteristics and disease factors with delirium incidence by multivariate analysis (Hosmer and Lemeshow) and the associations of delirium with functional outcome at discharge
Results

Among 333 patients, 58 (17.42%. 95% CI: 13.62–21.77%) presented delirium 16 (IQR: 11 − 20) days after symptom onset. Patients with delirium were older, reported muscular weakness more often, had a higher NEWS2 score at admission, and had more comorbidities (mainly Diabetes Mellitus II). Multivariate analysis of hospitalization events and treatments found mechanical ventilation as the only significant covariate. The association between need for mechanical ventilation and delirium development was estimated at OR = 11.72, (95%CI = 4.16–34.23). Patients who developed delirium had a higher frequency of functional impairment: mRs > 2 (70.7% vs 24.7%, p < 0.001) and had a prolonged ICU stay (median 13 days, IQR 8–21 vs median 5, IQR 3–10 days, p < 0.0001) compared to patients without delirium.
Conclusion

Our data show that premorbid functional status, the severity of respiratory disfunction and the presence of inflammatory markers are determinant in the risk of delirium; we believe that delirium might not be specially related to SARS-CoV-2 infections, its high frequency during this pandemic could be the result of concurring factors shared between critically-ill patients and severe COVID-19 patients. Further research is granted to clarify this aspect
Metamaterial based Printed Circuit Antenna for Blood Glucose Level Sensing Applications
Authors: Ali Dhulfiqar , Elwi Taha A. , Özbay Serkan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Due to the urgent need to develop technologies for continuous glucose monitoring in diabetes individuals, a potential research has been applied by invoking the microwave techniques. Therefore, this work presents a novel technique based on a single port microwave circuit, antenna structure, based on Metamaterial (MTM) transmission line defected patch for sensing the blood glucose level in noninvasive process. For that, the proposed antenna is invoked to measure the blood glucose through the field leakages penetrated to the human blood through the skin. The proposed sensor is constructed from a closed loop connected to an interdigital capacitor to magnify the electric field fringing at the patch center. The proposed antenna sensor is found to operate excellently at the first mode, 0.6GHz, with S11 impedance matching less than − 10dB. The proposed sensor performance is tested experimentally with 15 cases, different patients, through measuring the change in the S11 spectra after direct touching to the sensor a finger print of a patient. The proposed sensor is found to be effectively very efficient detector for blood glucose variation with a low manufacturing cost when printed on an FR-4 substrate. The experimental measurements are analyzed mathematically to obtain the calibration equation of the sensor from the curve fitting. Finally, the theoretical and the experimental results are found to be agreed very well with a percentage of error less than 10%.
Assessment of Organic Contamination along the Coast of Laizhou Bay, China: Combining Chemical Analysis and Integrated Biomarker Responses in the Clam Ruditapes Philippinarum
Authors: Wang Zhifeng , Shao Yuanyuan , Li Chaona , Liu Lei , Zhu Li , Wu Daoji 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The marine coastal area is facing serious challenges due to several artificial pollution sources. An investigative biomonitoring survey was conducted along the coastal area of Laizhou Bay, China, which combined an evaluation of organic pollution and biomarker responses in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Meanwhile, the contents of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and nonylphenol (NP) in surface sediments at the biomonitoring sites were measured. The results indicated that a complex mixture by these toxic organic pollutants was prevalent throughout the entire area. Concentrations (mean ± standard error) of PCBs, TPHs and NP in sediments of the study area were 1.90 ± 0.10 µg kg-1, 39.55 ± 2.42 mg kg-1, 9.23 ± 0.41 µg kg-1 dry weight, respectively. Biomarker responses of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione S-transferase (GST), total glutathione (GSHt) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were assayed in the gills and digestive glands of R. philippinarum collected from eleven sites. Finally, biomarker responses obtained in gills were selected to calculate the integrated biomarker response (IBR) index and to assess the impact of integrated organic contaminants from different stations. The site S2 exhibited an IBR value of 2.65 and was considered as the place with the greatest stress in coastal environment. The western coast (S1-S4) and eastern coast (S9-S11) exhibited higher environmental stress than the sampling sites along the southern coast of Laizhou Bay. PCBs and NP were the main organic pollutants which have caused high level of pollution pressure on R. philippinarum in Laizhou Bay coastal area. The integrated assessment approach of organic contamination which combined chemical analysis and multi-biomarker responses was proved to be practical and useful in coastal environment assessment programs.
A Framework for Vibration Attenuation in Traffic Mast-Arm Structures under Wind Loads
Authors: Aly Aly , Gol-Zaroudi Hamzeh , Rezaee Milad 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Traffic signals and information signs play a vivid role in guiding drivers on highways and urban roads, to maintain safe travel. For this reason, it is crucial to ascertain the functionality of signal support structures. This paper lies the foundation for a fully computational framework to model and attenuate wind-induced vibrations in traffic lighting structures by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations & dynamic analysis. Dependence of flow pattern and aerodynamic loads on Reynolds number reveals the importance of full-scale CFD with Large Eddy Simulation for mast arm structures. By employing available weights of lighting boxes, distributed tuned mass dampers were created. The results obtained show that distributed tuned lighting boxes are effective devices for vibration suppression. In addition, damping enhancement can significantly reduce vibration-induced stresses, and hence extend the fatigue life with promises to reduce the cost of building new structures and improve the safety of the traveling public. The procedure followed for creating time histories of wind loads integrated with finite element modeling is useful for the investigation of other vibration lessening techniques.
Birthweight And Postnatal Growth As Predictors of Elevated Blood Pressure In Adolescents of Low Socioeconomic Condition: A Cohort Study In Northeast Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo S , Gonçalves Fabiana C L S P , Lira Pedro I. C. , Filho Sidrack L Vila Nova , Eickmann Sophie H , Lima Marilia C 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate low birthweight and rapid postnatal weight gain as predictors of elevated blood pressure in adolescence in a population of low socioeconomic status.Methods: A cohort study was carried out with 208 adolescents, 78 born with low weight and 130 born with appropriate weight. The infants were followed up during the first six postnatal months and reassessed at 8 and 18 years of age. The main exposure variables were birth weight and weight gain in the first six postnatal months. Rapid weight gain was defined when above 0.67 z score. The investigated co-variables were: sex, maternal height and family income at birth, breastfeeding duration from birth to six months, nutritional status at eight years old, socioeconomic conditions, nutritional status, fat mass index and physical activity level at 18 years. The outcome variable was the occurrence of elevated blood pressure at 18 years old.Results: The proportion of adolescents with elevated blood pressure was 37.5%. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed the variables independently associated with a higher chance of elevated blood pressure in adolescence were rapid postnatal weight gain (OR=2.74; 95% CI 1.22-6.14; p=0.014), male sex (OR=4.15; 95% CI 1.66-40 10.38; p=0.002) and being physically active (OR=2.70; 95% CI 1.08-6.74; p=0.034).Conclusions: The occurrence of rapid weight gain in the first six postnatal months was a predictor for elevated blood pressure in adolescence. This result highlights the influence of factors related to development in early childhood on health problems in the future.
Identification And Validation of A Cigarette Smoke-Related Five-Gene Signature As A Prognostic Biomarker In Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Yefei , Wang Qinzhi , Tang Yu , Liu Zixuan , Sun Guixiang , Lu Zhaojun , Chen Yansu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cigarette smoking greatly promotes the progression of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), however, the underlying molecular events has not been fully established. In this study, RCC cells were exposed to the tobacco specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK, nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone) for 120 days, and then the soft agar colony formation, wound healing and transwell assays were used to explore characteristics of RCC cells. RNA-seq was used to explore differentially expressed genes. We found that NNK promoted RCC cell growth and migration in a dose-dependent manner, and RNA-seq explored 14 differentially expressed genes. In TCGA-KIRC cohort, Lasso regression and multivariate COX regression models screened and constructed a five-gene signature containing ANKRD1, CYB5A, ECHDC3, MT1E, and AKT1S1. This novel gene signature significantly associated with TNM stage, invasion depth, metastasis, and tumor grade. Moreover, when compared with individual genes, the gene signature contained a higher hazard ratio and therefore had a more powerful value for the prognosis of KIRC. A nomogram was also developed based on clinical features and the gene signature, which showed good application. Finally, AKT1S1, the most crucial component of the gene signature, was significantly induced after NNK exposure and its related AKT-mTOR signaling pathway was dramatically activated. Our findings supported that NNK exposure would promote the KIRC progression, and the novel cigarette smoke-related five-gene signature might serve as a highly efficient biomarker to identify progression of KIRC patients, AKT1S1 might play an important role in cigarette smoke exposure-induced KIRC progression.
Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences of Three Aroideae Species (Araceae): Lights into Selective Pressure, Marker Development and Phylogenetic Relationships
Authors: Li Bicong , Liu Tao , Ali Asjad , Xiao Yao , Shan Nan , Sun Jingyu , Huang Yingjin , Zhou Qinghong , zhu Qianglong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background : Colocasia gigantea, Caladium bicolor and Xanthosoma sagittifolium are three worldwide famous ornamental and/or vegetable plants in the Araceae family, these species in the subfamily Aroideae are taxonomically perplexing due to shared interspecific morphological traits and variation.Result : This study, for the first time ever, assembled and analyzed complete chloroplast genomes of C. gigantea, C. bicolor and X. sagittifolium with genome sizes of 165,906 bp, 153,149 bp and 165,169 bp in length, respectively. The genomes were composed of conserved quadripartite circular structures with a total of 131 annotated genes, including 8 rRNA, 37 tRNA and 86 protein-coding genes. A comparison within Aroideae showed seven protein-coding genes (accD, ndhF, ndhK, rbcL, rpoC1, rpoC2 and matK) linked to environmental adaptation. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed a close relationship of C. gigantea with C. esculenta and S. colocasiifolia, and the C. bicolor with X. sagittifolium. Furthermore, three DNA barcodes (atpH-atpI + psaC-ndhE, atpH-atpI + trnS-trnG, atpH-atpI + psaC-ndhE + trnS-trnG) harbored highly variable regions to distinguish species in Aroideae subfamily.Conclusion : These results would be beneficial for species identification, phylogenetic relationship, genetic diversity, and potential of germplasm resources in Aroideae.
Long-term Specific IgG Response to SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein in Recovered COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Chansaenroj Jira , Yorsaeng Ritthideach , Posuwan Nawarat , Puenpa Jiratchaya , Wanlapakorn Nasamon , Sudhinaraset Natthinee , Sripram Manit , Chalongviriyalert Piti , Jirajariyavej Supunee , Kiatpanabhikul Phatharaporn , Saiyarin Jatuporn , Soudon Chulikorn , Thienfaidee Orawan , Ayuthaya Thitisan Palakawong Na , Brukesawan Chantapat , Chirathaworn Chintana , Intharasongkroh Duangnapa , Chaiwanichsiri Dootchai , Issarasongkhram Mila , Kitphati Rungrueng , Mungaomklang Anek , Nagavajara Pijaya , Poovorawan Yong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study monitored the long-term immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection in patients who had recovered from coronavirus disease (COVID)-19. Anti-nucleocapsid immunoglobulin G (anti-N IgG) titer in serum samples collected at a single (N=302) or multiple time points (N=229) 3–12 months after COVID-19 symptom onset or SARS-CoV-2 detection in respiratory specimens was measured by semiquantitative chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. The 531 patients (966 specimens) were classified according to the presence or absence of pneumonia symptoms. Anti‑N IgG was detected in 87.5% of patients (328/375) at 3 months, 38.6% (93/241) at 6 months, 23.7% (49/207) at 9 months, and 26.6% (38/143) at 12 months. The anti-N IgG seropositivity rate was significantly lower at 6, 9, and 12 months than at 3 months (P<0.01) and was higher in the pneumonia group than in the non-pneumonia/asymptomatic group at 6 months (P<0.01), 9 months (P=0.04), and 12 months (P=0.04). The rate started to decline 6–12 months after symptom onset. Anti-N IgG sample/cutoff index was positively correlated with age (r=0.192, P<0.01) but negatively correlated with interval between symptom onset and blood sampling (r=−0.567, P<0.01). These findings can guide vaccine strategies in recovered COVID-19 patients.
Revisiting The Averaged Problem in The Case of Mean-Motion Resonances of The Restricted Three-Body Problem. Global Rigorous Treatment and Application To The Co-Orbital Motion.
Authors: Pousse Alexandre , Alessi Elisa Maria 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A classical approach to the restricted three-body problem is to analyze the dynamics of the massless body in the synodic reference frame. A different approach is represented by the perturbative treatment: in particular the averaged problem of a mean-motion resonance allows to investigate the long-term behavior of the solutions through a suitable approximation that focuses on a particular region of the phase space.
In this paper, we intend to bridge a gap between the two approaches in the specific case of mean-motion resonant dynamics, establish the limit of validity of the averaged problem, and take advantage of its results in order to compute trajectories in the synodic reference frame.
After the description of each approach, we develop a rigorous treatment of the averaging process, estimate the size of the transformation and prove that the averaged problem is a suitable approximation of the restricted three-body problem as long as the solutions are located outside the Hill's sphere of the secondary. In such a case, a rigorous theorem of stability over finite but large timescales can be proven. We establish that a solution of the averaged problem provides an accurate approximation of the trajectories on the synodic reference frame within a finite time that depend on the minimal distance to the Hill's sphere of the secondary.
The last part of this work is devoted to the co-orbital motion (i.e., the dynamics in 1:1 mean-motion resonance) in the circular-planar case. In this case, an interpretation of the solutions of the averaged problem in the synodic reference frame is detailed and a method that allows to compute co-orbital trajectories is displayed.