bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light-curve classification with recurrent neural networks for GOTO: dealing with imbalanced data
Authors: Burhanudin U F , Maund J R , Killestein T , Ackley K , Dyer M J , Lyman J , Ulaczyk K , Cutter R , Mong Y-L , Steeghs D , Galloway D K , Dhillon V , O’Brien P , Ramsay G , Noysena K , Kotak R , Breton R P , Nuttall L , Pallé E , Pollacco D , Thrane E , Awiphan S , Chote P , Chrimes A , Daw E , Duffy C , Eyles-Ferris R , Gompertz B , Heikkilä T , Irawati P , Kennedy M R , Levan A , Littlefair S , Makrygianni L , Mata-Sánchez D , Mattila S , McCormac J , Mkrtichian D , Mullaney J , Sawangwit U , Stanway E , Starling R , Strøm P , Tooke S , Wiersema K 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
The advent of wide-field sky surveys has led to the growth of transient and variable source discoveries. The data deluge produced by these surveys has necessitated the use of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms to sift through the vast incoming data stream. A problem that arises in real-world applications of learning algorithms for classification is imbalanced data, where a class of objects within the data is underrepresented, leading to a bias for overrepresented classes in the ML and DL classifiers. We present a recurrent neural network (RNN) classifier that takes in photometric time-series data and additional contextual information (such as distance to nearby galaxies and on-sky position) to produce real-time classification of objects observed by the Gravitational-wave Optical Transient Observer, and use an algorithm-level approach for handling imbalance with a focal loss function. The classifier is able to achieve an Area Under the Curve (AUC) score of 0.972 when using all available photometric observations to classify variable stars, supernovae, and active galactic nuclei. The RNN architecture allows us to classify incomplete light curves, and measure how performance improves as more observations are included. We also investigate the role that contextual information plays in producing reliable object classification.
SN 2015bf: A fast declining type II supernova with flash-ionized signatures
Authors: Lin Han , Wang Xiaofeng , Zhang Jujia , Lin Weili , Mo Jun , Filippenko Alexei V , Zheng WeiKang , Brown Peter J , Xiang Danfeng , Huang Fang , Cai Yongzhi , Zhang Tianmeng , Li Xue , Rui Liming , Zhang Xinghan , Sai Hanna , Zhao Xulin , Graham Melissa L , Shivvers I , Halevi G , Yuk H , Brink Thomas G 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
We present optical and ultraviolet photometry, as well as optical spectra, for the type II supernova (SN) 2015bf. Our observations cover the phases from ∼2 to ∼200 d after explosion. The first spectrum is characterized by a blue continuum with a blackbody temperature of ∼24 000 K and flash-ionized emission lines. After about 1 week, the spectra of SN 2015bf evolve like those of a regular SN II. From the luminosity of the narrow emission component of H α, we deduce that the mass-loss rate is larger than ${\sim}3.7\times 10^{-3}\, {\rm M_\odot \, yr^{-1}}$. The disappearance of the flash features in the first week after explosion indicates that the circumstellar material is confined within ∼6 × 1014 cm. Thus, we suggest that the progenitor of SN 2015bf experienced violent mass loss shortly before the supernova explosion. The multiband light curves show that SN 2015bf has a high peak luminosity with an absolute visual magnitude MV = −18.11 ± 0.08 mag and a fast post-peak decline with a V-band decay of 1.22 ± 0.09 mag within ∼50 d after maximum light. Moreover, the R-band tail luminosity of SN 2015bf is fainter than that of SNe II with similar peak by 1–2 mag, suggesting a small amount of 56Ni (${\sim}0.009\, {\rm M_\odot }$) synthesized during the explosion. Such a low nickel mass indicates that the progenitor of SN 2015bf could be a super-asymptotic-giant-branch star that collapsed owing to electron capture.
Budding yeast Rap1, but not telomeric DNA, is inhibitory for multiple stages of DNA replication in vitro
Authors: Douglas Max E , Diffley John F X 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Telomeres are copied and reassembled each cell division cycle through a multistep process called telomere replication. Most telomeric DNA is duplicated semiconservatively during this process, but replication forks frequently pause or stall at telomeres in yeast, mouse and human cells, potentially causing chronic telomere shortening or loss in a single cell cycle. We have investigated the cause of this effect by examining the replication of telomeric templates in vitro. Using a reconstituted assay for eukaryotic DNA replication in which a complete eukaryotic replisome is assembled and activated with purified proteins, we show that budding yeast telomeric DNA is efficiently duplicated in vitro unless the telomere binding protein Rap1 is present. Rap1 acts as a roadblock that prevents replisome progression and leading strand synthesis, but also potently inhibits lagging strand telomere replication behind the fork. Both defects can be mitigated by the Pif1 helicase. Our results suggest that GC-rich sequences do not inhibit DNA replication per se, and that in the absence of accessory factors, telomere binding proteins can inhibit multiple, distinct steps in the replication process.
Recurring Severe Injection-Related Infections in People Who Inject Drugs and the Need for Safe Injection Sites in Madrid, Spain
Authors: Valencia Jorge , Troya Jesús , Lazarus Jeffrey V , Cuevas Guillermo , Alvaro-Meca Alejandro , Torres Juan , Gardeta Carlos , Lozano David , Moreno Santiago , Ryan Pablo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
An estimated 58 749 people with opioid use disorder engaged in opioid agonist therapy (OAT) in 1132 centers in Spain during 2017. We aimed to calculate the incidence of severe injection-related infections in people who inject drugs (PWID) engaged in OAT in harm reduction settings without a safe consumption space.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed in PWID engaged in OAT and in a mobile harm reduction unit to quantify admissions to a referral hospital for any severe injection-related infections between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2019. A Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with any severe injection-related infection.

Results
Two hundred thirty-seven PWID who engaged in OAT were included in the study. After a median follow-up of 5.5 months (interquartile range [IQR], 1.3–22.7 months), a total of 104 episodes of severe injection-related infections occurred among 56 individuals, and admission due to a second event occurred in 35.7% of this same group. The incidence density of any type of severe injection-related infection was 26.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.2–34.8) episodes per 100 person-years, and the incidence density of complicated skin and soft tissue infections that required hospital admission was 20.4 (95% CI, 15.0–27.3) episodes per 100 person-years. Fifty-six (53.8%) of all the episodes were patient-directed discharge (PDD), and people who had 2 or more hospital admissions had a higher PDD frequency.

Conclusions
Severe injection-related infections remain highly prevalent among PWID cared for in a harm reduction setting without a safe consumption space. PDD was more frequent among higher-risk individuals who presented 2 or more hospital readmissions.
Hepatitis B Virus Screening and Vaccination in Patients With HIV: A Survey of Clinicians’ Current Practices
Authors: Hastie Elizabeth , Wooten Darcy 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This survey study evaluates how clinicians approach hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination and monitoring in patients with HIV. Providers have clinical practices that vary greatly from one another and from current guidelines, especially for patients who do not seroconvert after initial HBV vaccination and for patients with isolated hepatitis B core antibody.
Queen Victoria’s Last Laureate—and After?
Authors: O’Gorman Francis 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The work of the final Poet Laureate of the Victorian period, Alfred Austin (1835–1913), has not survived among readers of poetry or drama. This essay is not an argument for that work’s merits, but it does claim that we miss an important local episode of literary history, involving valuable questions about literary periodization, in the years before the establishment of Modernist poetics, if we overlook not Austin but the debates in the 1890s concerning him. Concentrating on the newspapers, periodicals, and journals of this decade, my essay discusses critics’ sense that British poetry had lost its way and their implicit aspiration for new directions. The essay considers what negative models of a poet the 1890s developed, and examines critics’ doubts about poetry that made direct and apparently personally sincere statements on politics in the public domain. The conclusion suggests that, while the most familiar argument is that the Modernists were turning against the ‘traditional’ poetry of the Victorians, the case of the reception of Alfred Austin hints at a way in which some Modernists were, without realizing it, heeding the essential advice of the last of the Victorian critics and responding to their hopes.
Duplex-Repair enables highly accurate sequencing, despite DNA damage
Authors: Xiong Kan , Shea Douglas , Rhoades Justin , Blewett Tim , Liu Ruolin , Bae Jin H. , Nguyen Erica , Makrigiorgos G. Mike , Golub Todd R. , Adalsteinsson Viktor A. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTAccurate DNA sequencing is crucial in biomedicine. Underlying the most accurate methods is the assumption that a mutation is true if altered bases are present on both strands of the DNA duplex. We now show that this assumption can be wrong. We establish that current methods to prepare DNA for sequencing, via ‘End Repair/dA-Tailing,’ may substantially resynthesize strands, leading amplifiable lesions or alterations on one strand to become indiscernible from true mutations on both strands. Indeed, we discovered that 7-17% and 32-57% of interior ‘duplex base pairs’ from cell-free DNA and formalin-fixed tumor biopsies, respectively, could be resynthesized in vitro and potentially introduce false mutations. To address this, we present Duplex-Repair, and show that it limits interior duplex base pair resynthesis by 8- to 464-fold, rescues the impact of induced DNA damage, and affords up to 8.9-fold more accurate duplex sequencing. Our study uncovers a major Achilles’ heel in sequencing and offers a solution to restore high accuracy.
Hnf1b-CreER causes efficient recombination of a Rosa26-RFP reporter in duct and islet δ cells
Authors: Rovira Meritxell , Maestro Miguel Angel , Grau Vanessa , Ferrer Jorge 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Hnf1b-CreERT2 BAC transgenic (Tg(Hnf1b-cre/ERT2)1Jfer) has been used extensively to trace the progeny of pancreatic ducts in developmental, regeneration, or cancer models. Hnf1b-CreERT2 transgenics have been used to show that cells from that form a duct-like plexus in the embryonic pancreas are bipotent duct-endocrine progenitors, whereas adult mouse duct cells are not a common source of β cells in various regenerative settings. The interpretation of such genetic lineage tracing studies is critically dependent on a correct understanding of the cell type specificity of recombinase activity with each reporter system. We have re-examined the performance of Hnf1b-CreERT2 with a Rosa26-RFP reporter transgene. This showed inducible recombination of up to 96% adult duct cells, a much higher efficiency than previously used reporter transgenes. Despite this high duct-cell excision, recombination in α and β cells remained very low, similar to previously used reporters. However, nearly half of somatostatin-expressing δ cells showed reporter activation, which was due to Cre expression in δ cells rather than to duct to δ cell conversions. The high recombination efficiency in duct cells indicates that the Hnf1b-CreERT2 model can be useful for both ductal fate mapping and genetic inactivation studies. The recombination in δ cells does not modify the interpretation of studies that failed to show duct conversions to other cell types, but needs to be considered if this model is used in studies that aim to modify the plasticity of pancreatic duct cells.
Social media for government information dissemination: content, characteristics and civic engagement
Authors: Yavetz Gal , Aharony Noa 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the information distributed on social media by government ministries. In addition, this study seeks to categorize and identify the characteristics of the highest engaging government social media posts.Design/methodology/approachThis article is based on content analysis to examine the work of Israeli government ministries on Facebook. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze 6,292 posts posted over a six-month period, and a sample of 230 of the most popular posts was analyzed qualitatively.FindingsFindings indicate that government ministries primarily direct and link to internal Facebook pages, with few, if any, referrals to official government websites. In addition, the types of content that generate the highest levels of engagement are classified as operations and events or symbolic acts (e.g. greetings or condolences) and are containing visual content as photos or video clips.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on the topic in several ways. First, it presents findings from a cross-national study of government authorities and organizations that operate and serve diverse populations in a multicultural country. Second, this study presents a novel examination of information strategies by government organizations with focusing on the characteristics of links, media types, content and posting frequency.
How consumption-supportive packaging functionality influences consumers’ purchase intentions: the mediating role of perceived product meaningfulness
Authors: Baccarella Christian V. , Maier Lukas , Voigt Kai-Ingo 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide the first empirical evidence on how consumption-supportive packaging functionality influences consumers’ purchase intentions. Consumption-supportive packaging functionality implies that the packaging itself serves a function that actively helps users achieve their consumption goals and that supports the objectives consumers have in mind when using it.

Design/methodology/approach
To achieve the research goal, this study presents four between-participant experimental studies. In the studies, this paper tests for the direct effect of consumption-supportive packaging functionality on consumers’ purchase intentions across different product categories. Moreover, this study tests for the mediating effect of perceived product meaningfulness to explain the underlying mechanism (Studies 2 and 3) and for the moderating effect of product complexity (Study 4).

Findings
This paper shows that consumption-supportive packaging functionality leads to higher purchase intentions. The findings also reveal that perceived product meaningfulness is one underlying mechanism that helps us to explain the positive effect of consumption-supportive packaging functionality on purchase intention. Moreover, findings reveal that the positive effect of consumption-supportive packaging functionality only works for low-complex products, but not for high-complex ones.

Research limitations/implications
This research offers a new perspective on package design, and thus advances the understanding of how to package functionality can influence consumer responses. Moreover, this study contributes to the Gestalt theory because it applies a holistic design view on the packaging that influences product perception.

Practical implications
For low complex products, marketing managers should consider integrating packaging functionality into their communication strategy to focus on the overall Gestalt of the product. Product designers should integrate consumption-supportive packaging functionality in the product design to evoke positive consumer responses.

Originality/value
The research gives first empirical evidence on how and when consumption-supportive packaging functionality influences consumers’ product evaluations.
A bibliometric overview of the Journal of Workplace Learning
Authors: Huang Liuyu , Liew Hattie 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
This study aims to analyze the Journal of Workplace Learning (JWL), focusing on articles between 1997 and 2020. Specifically, this study will examine articles in JWL, themes in JWL and the influence of JWL.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts bibliometric analysis methods, with indicators such as total articles, total citations, citation per article, h-index, Citescore, citation per year and considers different dimensions, including the leading articles, the most productive and influential authors, universities and countries, top keywords and keywords concurrence clusters and top journals, universities and countries that cite JWL.

Findings
JWL is an international journal with growing influence over workplace learning research. JWL’s leading articles focused on learning activities and learning environments, with single-authored and multi-authored articles evenly distributed. Dealtry and Billett are among the most productive and influential authors, and universities from Europe, Australia and North America dominate in JWL. Persistent topics and new topics that emerged in recent years in JWL are identified. JWL’s influence is well-evidenced by citations from over six continents.

Originality/value
This study represents the earliest attempt to study workplace learning using bibliometric analysis. It serves as a baseline for future bibliometric studies on workplace learning and guides authors in identifying research directions through the shift in keywords. It offers objective information about JWL, thus providing a reference for authors who are considering JWL as a potential publication outlet.
COVID-19 and sustainability reporting: what are the roles of reporting frameworks in a crisis?
Authors: Zharfpeykan Ramona , Ng Frederick 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to commentate on the roles of sustainability reporting during the COVID-19 pandemic. It evaluates the Global Reporting Initiative’s (GRI) framework, designed as a guide for best-practice in sustainability reporting, for its applicability to cover COVID-19 issues and, more generally, issues arising in crisis conditions.

Design/methodology/approach
The GRI’s COVID-19 communications and the GRI framework are reviewed using three common theories of reporting, namely, institutional, stakeholder and legitimacy theory. For each theory, the authors contrast expectations under business-as-usual conditions against crisis conditions to identify gaps and avenues to guide COVID-19 responses.

Findings
This commentary opines the GRI framework risks perpetuating incremental change towards the “new normal”, rather than motivating the urgent responses needed in a crisis. The GRI can play a significant normative role to guide immediate and short-term best practice in COVID-19 reporting. Findings motivate the need to report for vulnerable rather than powerful stakeholders and to recognise and celebrate proactive change.

Originality/value
This paper commentates on the suitability of a major sustainability reporting framework and its role in improving responses to the current COVID-19 crisis. Findings propose challenges to the GRI and GRI framework to motivate urgent responses and communication for the pandemic.
The cruel optimism of co-production
Authors: Kill Cassie 
Published: May 2021

PurposeIn this paper, the author reflects on her researcher experiences of attempting to construct co-productive epistemic relations in her ethnographic doctoral research about a gallery youth collective. The paper engages with debates about the nature of co-productive relations, advocating for a more affective approach which attends to multiple, temporary moments within the research, rather than seeking a grand or unified process of collaboration.Design/methodology/approachThis methodological paper draws on the records and reflections the author generated in the process of undertaking collaborative ethnographic research, considered with a specific theoretical resource (Lauren Berlant's Cruel Optimism (2011)) to construct a reflexive narrative from her doctoral research experiences.FindingsThe paper discusses the multiple, shifting ways in which research relationships unfolded in the author's doctoral research and the impasse this generated in the author’s understanding of desirable co-productive relations. Reflecting with Berlant's Cruel Optimism (2011) allowed the author to understand the Covid-19 crisis as the rupture of the author’s attachment to this relational fantasy. Beyond this rupture, the author was able to more fully attend to fleeting, affective moments as a form of co-production within the research.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the growing anthology of critical and reflexive narratives about co-production; these collectively provide a resource for researcher reflection and for teaching about collaborative practices.
Varicocoele. Classification and pitfalls
Authors: Bertolotto Michele , Cantisani Vito , Drudi Francesco Maria , Lotti Francesco 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundVaricocoeles have been considered for a long time potentially correctable causes for male infertility, even though the correlation of this condition with infertility and sperm damage is still debated.ObjectiveTo present a summary of the evidence evaluation for imaging varicocoeles, to underline the need for a standardized examination technique and for a unique classification, and to focus on pitfalls in image interpretation.MethodsBased on the evidence of the literature, the current role of ultrasound (US) imaging for varicocoeles has been reported and illustrated, with emphasis on examination technique, classification, and pitfalls.ResultsUS is the imaging modality of choice. It is widely used in Europe, while in other countries clinical classification of varicocoeles is considered sufficient to manage the patient. A number of US classifications exist for varicocoeles, in which the examinnation is performed in different ways.DiscussionAn effort toward standardization is mandatory, since lack of standardization contributes to the confusion of the available literature, and has a negative impact on the understanding of the role itself of imaging in patients with varicocoeles.ConclusionUse of the Sarteschi/Liguori classification for varicocoeles is recommended, since it is the most complete and widely used US scoring system available today.Tubular extratesticular structures resembling varicocoeles, either at palpation or at US, should be identified and correctly characterized.
Past Violence and Present Belonging in Belfast: Two Sisters Remember their Childhood Experiences with Paramilitary Violence on Shankill Road
Authors: LeVon Brady Laura A. 
Published: May 2021

SUMMARYBelonging is a shifting concept in Northern Ireland as demographics change and people seek to move past the violence of the Troubles. For older adults in the two majority communities, especially in the lower‐income areas most impacted by the Troubles, belonging can illustrate a sectarian divide over group identity: one is either an Irish Catholic or a British Protestant. Young adults who grow up in these hard‐hit neighborhoods, still struggling with high unemployment and low school completion rates, must also find a place for themselves. I explore constructions of identity and belonging in the narratives of two sisters, Angie and Ellie, who grew up in one such neighborhood, the predominantly Protestant Shankill Road in Belfast, in the last decades of the Troubles. Their childhood and adolescent recollections include IRA bombings and extreme security measures, but it was the violence of the loyalist paramilitaries affiliated with their own community that most influenced their present constructions of personal identity and sense of belonging to the wider Protestant community.