bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative Ultrasound Imaging in Silicone Filler Removal
Authors: Suchyta Marissa A. , Hunt Christopher H. , Eiken Patrick , Mardini Samir 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Dermal filler injections, one of the most commonly performed procedures in facial esthetic surgery, are rising in popularity. This has also led to an increase in nonmedical grade filler injections performed by nonmedical personnel, including that of injectable silicone. Surgical removal of silicone fillers is challenging, as the hydrophobic material often disperses within the soft tissue as droplets. This can lead to a systemic inflammatory reaction requiring steroid treatment. MRI localization of the filler material does not enable intraoperative guidance, and palpitation of the material is challenging since the filler droplets are often too small to palpate and located in multiple planes. We present a case demonstrating the advantages of utilizing intraoperative ultrasound to localize and silicone filler material. Utilizing this technique, we were able to achieve a high degree of excision of silicone filler material and the patient was able to stop her previous necessary immunosuppressive steroid regimen successfully.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels are concordant across multiple platforms but are not fully predictive of sterilizing immunity
Authors: Bradley Benjamin T. , Bryan Andrew , Fink Susan L. , Goecker Erin A. , Roychoudhury Pavitra , Huang Meei-Li , Zhu Haiying , Chaudhary Anu , Madarampalli Bhanupriya , Lu Joyce Y.C. , Strand Kathy , Whimbey Estella , Bryson-Cahn Chloe , Schippers Adrienne , Mani Nandita S. , Pepper Gregory , Jerome Keith R. , Morishima Chihiro , Coombs Robert W. , Wener Mark , Cohen Seth , Greninger Alexander L. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWith the availability of widespread SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, high-throughput quantitative anti-spike serological testing will likely become increasingly important. Here, we investigated the performance characteristics of the recently FDA authorized semi-quantitative anti-spike AdviseDx SARS-CoV-2 IgG II assay compared to the FDA authorized anti-nucleocapsid Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 IgG, Roche elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S, EuroImmun Anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA, and GenScript surrogate virus neutralization assays and examined the humoral response associated with vaccination, natural protection, and breakthrough infection. The AdviseDx assay had a clinical sensitivity at 14 days post-symptom onset or 10 days post PCR detection of 95.6% (65/68, 95% CI: 87.8-98.8%) with two discrepant individuals seroconverting shortly thereafter. The AdviseDx assay demonstrated 100% positive percent agreement with the four other assays examined using the same symptom onset or PCR detection cutoffs. Using a recently available WHO International Standard for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody, we provide assay unit conversion factors to international units for each of the assays examined. We performed a longitudinal survey of healthy vaccinated individuals, finding median AdviseDx immunoglobulin levels peaked seven weeks post-first vaccine dose at approximately 4,000 IU/mL. Intriguingly, among the five assays examined, there was no significant difference in antigen binding level or neutralizing activity between two seropositive patients protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection in a previously described fishing vessel outbreak and five healthcare workers who experienced vaccine breakthrough of SARS-CoV-2 infection – all with variants of concern. These findings suggest that protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection cannot currently be predicted exclusively using in vitro antibody assays against wildtype SARS-CoV-2 spike. Further work is required to establish protective correlates of protection for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Mechanisms Underlying the Complex Dynamics of Temperature Entrainment by a Circadian Clock
Authors: Burt Philipp , Grabe Saskia , Madeti Cornelia , Upadhyay Abhishek , Merrow Martha , Roenneberg Till , Herzel Hanspeter , Schmal Christoph 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAutonomously oscillating circadian clocks resonate with daily environmental (zeitgeber) rhythms to organize physiology around the solar day. While entrainment properties and mechanisms have been studied widely and in great detail for light-dark cycles, entrainment to daily temperature rhythms remains poorly understood despite that they are potent zeitgebers.Here we investigate the entrainment of the chronobiological model organismNeurospora crassa, subject to thermocycles of different periods and fractions of warm versus cold phases, mimicking seasonal variations. Depending on the properties of these thermocycles, regularly entrained rhythms, period-doubling (frequency demultiplication) but also irregular aperiodic behavior occurs. We demonstrate that the complex nonlinear phenomena of experimentally observed entrainment dynamics can be understood by molecular mathematical modeling.Abstract Figure
Integration of embryo-endosperm interaction into a holistic and dynamic picture of seed development using a rice mutant with notched-belly grains
Authors: Tao Yang , An Lu , Xiao Feng , Li Ganghua , Ding Yanfeng , Paul Matthew J. , Liu Zhenghui 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThe interaction between the embryo and endosperm affects seed development, an essential process in yield formation in crops such as rice. Signals that communicate between embryo and endosperm are largely unknown. Here we use the notched-belly (NB) mutant with impaired communication between embryo and endosperm to evaluate 1) the impact of embryo on developmental staging of the endosperm; 2) signaling pathways emanating from the embryo that regulate endosperm development. Hierachical clustering of mRNA datasets from embryo and endosperm samples collected through development in NB and wild type showed a delaying effect of the embryo on the developmental transition of the endosperm by extending the middle stage. K-means clustering further identified coexpression modules of gene sets specific for embryo and endosperm development. Combined gene expression and biochemical analysis showed that T6P-SnRK1, gibberellin and auxin signalling from the embryo regulate endosperm developmental transition. The data enable us to propose a new seed developmental staging system for rice and the most detailed signature of rice grain formation to date, that will direct genetic strategies for rice yield improvement.
Generating realistic cell samples for gene selection in scRNA-seq data: A novel generative framework
Authors: Lall Snehalika , Ray Sumanta , Bandyopadhyay Sanghamitra 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHigh dimensional, small sample size (HDSS) scRNA-seq data presents a challenge to the gene selection task in single cell. Conventional gene selection techniques are unstable and less reliable due to the fewer number of available samples which affects cell clustering and annotation. Here, we present an improved version of generative adversarial network (GAN) called LSH-GAN to address this issue by producing new realistic samples and combining this with the original scRNA-seq data. We update the training procedure of the generator of GAN using locality sensitive hashing which speeds up the sample generation, thus maintains the feasibility of applying gene selection procedures in high dimension scRNA-seq data. Experimental results show a significant improvement in the performance of benchmark feature (gene) selection techniques on generated samples of one synthetic and four HDSS scRNA-seq data. Comprehensive simulation study ensures the applicability of the model in the feature (gene) selection domain of HDSS scRNA-seq data.AvailabilityThe corresponding software is available athttps://github.com/Snehalikalall/LSH-GAN
The SMART university: the transformational role of learning analytics
Authors: Lewis David Jonathan Arwel 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to answer the following questions: What is the process and policy journey that a university must go through in implementing an effective learning analytics programme? What are the drivers for undertaking such an activity, and who are the stakeholders?

Design/methodology/approach
The journey of the information, the process or the stakeholder is placed at the heart of the programme, so a primarily ethnographic methodology is appropriate, although ultimately the outcomes of analytics are usually quantitative.

Findings
In undertaking the journey to a full implementation of an analytics programme, a university must clearly know the strategic driver for starting, and the clear outcomes, if a purposeful path is to travelled.

Originality/value
As a currently growing area of interest for lots of higher and further education institutions in the UK and worldwide, learning analytics should be high on everyone’s agenda. This viewpoint is intended to provide a short overview to the process and the important strategic drivers.
Rapid characterization of the volatile profiles in Pu‐erh tea by gas phase electronic nose and microchamber/thermal extractor combined with TD‐GC‐MS
Authors: Yang Yanqin , Rong Yuting , Liu Fuqiao , Jiang Yongwen , Deng Yuliang , Dong Chunwang , Yuan Haibo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAroma plays an important role in the quality of Pu‐erh tea. However, the quality evaluation of Pu‐erh tea aroma is heavily relied on the experience of sensory evaluation, and the theoretical research is relatively scarce. In the present work, the volatile compounds in Pu‐erh tea were characterized by using gas phase electronic nose (e‐nose) and microchamber/thermal extractor (µ‐CTE) combined with thermal desorption coupled to gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (TD‐GC‐MS). A satisfactory discrimination model (R2Y = 0.95, Q2 = 0.807) was obtained by using orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) based on the odor fingerprint of different brands of Pu‐erh tea. In addition, based on the double criterion of multivariate analysis with VIP >1.0 and univariate analysis with p ≤ 0.001, 39 volatile components were identified to contribute greatly to the discrimination of five brands of Pu‐erh tea. The results suggested that gas phase e‐nose and µ‐CTE combined with TD‐GC/MS were simple, rapid techniques to characterize the volatile compounds in Pu‐erh tea and were allowed to effectively distinguish different brands of Pu‐erh tea, which would provide an important reference on the quality assessment of Pu‐erh tea.Practical ApplicationThis work demonstrates that the volatile compounds in Pu‐erh tea are simply and rapidly characterized by using µ‐CTE/TD‐GC/MS and gas phase e‐nose, allowing to effectively distinguish different brands of Pu‐erh tea, which can provide an important reference for the quality assessment and authentication of Pu‐erh tea.
Characterization of the β‐Glucosidase activity in indigenous yeast isolated from wine regions in China
Authors: Huang Rong , Zhang Fangfang , Yan Xingmin , Qin Yi , Jiang Jiao , Liu Yanlin , Song Yuyang 
Published: April 2021

β‐glucosidase is a pivotal enzyme that hydrolyzes bound volatile aromatic compounds. However, the activity of β‐glucosidase in winemaking and the mechanism by which it affects the flavor and taste of wines have not been fully investigated. In this study, we profiled the characteristics of β‐glucosidase derived from wine‐related yeasts isolated from different wine‐making regions in China, and analyzed the enzyme activity from different parts of the cells under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. A total of 56 strains of wine‐related yeasts producing β‐glucosidases were screened using the YNB‐C medium (YNB 6.7 g L–1, cellobiose 5 g L–1, pH 5.0). We found that strain Clavispora lusitaniae C117 produced the highest enzyme activity (152.39 µmol pNP ml–1 h–1). In most strains, β‐glucosidase were located in whole cells (periplasmic space) and permeabilized cells (intracellular). The non‐Saccharomyces species had the highest enzymatic activity in a strain‐dependent manner. Under aerobic conditions, C. lusitaniae C117, Hanseniaspora guilliermondii A27‐3‐4, Metschnikowia pulcherrima F‐1‐6, and Pichia anomala C84 had the highest β‐glucosidase activity. We further investigated the β‐glucosidase activity during the wine fermentation and the effects of sugar, pH, temperature, and ethanol on the enzyme activities of P. anomala C84 and commercial Saccharomyces yeast strains RC212 and VL1. The presence of fructose, glucose, and sucrose strongly inhibited enzyme activity. Similarly, low pH and low temperature inhibited the activity of β‐glucosidase, whereas ethanol promoted enzyme activity. Our findings provide a theoretical basis on understanding the different yeast characteristics of β‐glucosidase and their potential application for further improving wine aroma complexity.
Clinicopathological features and risk factors for developing colorectal neoplasia in Hodgkin’s lymphoma survivors
Authors: Ykema Berbel L. M. , Rigter Lisanne S. , Spaander Manon C. W. , Moons Leon M. G. , Bisseling Tanya M. , Aleman Berthe M. P. , Dekker Evelien , Verbeek Wieke H. M. , Kuipers Ernst J. , de Boer Jan Paul , Lugtenburg Pieternella J. , Janus Cecile P. M. , Petersen Eefke J. , Roesink Judith M. , van der Maazen Richard W. M. , Meijer Gerrit A. , Schaapveld Michael , van Leeuwen Flora E. , Carvalho Beatriz , Snaebjornsson Petur , van Leerdam Monique E. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundHodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) survivors treated with abdominal radiotherapy and/or procarbazine have an increased risk of developing colorectal neoplasia.AimsWe evaluated the clinicopathological characteristics and risk factors for developing (advanced) neoplasia (AN) in HL survivors.MethodsIn all, 101 HL survivors (median age 51 years, median age of HL diagnosis 25 years) underwent colonoscopy and 350 neoplasia and 44 AN (classified as advanced adenomas/serrated lesions or colorectal cancer), mostly right‐sided, were detected, as published previously. An average‐risk asymptomatic cohort who underwent screening colonoscopy were controls (median age 60 years). Clinicopathological characteristics of AN were evaluated in both groups. Mismatch repair (MMR) status was assessed using immunohistochemistry (MLH1/MSH2/MSH6/PMS2). Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors for AN in HL survivors, including age at HL diagnosis and interval between HL and colonoscopy.ResultsIn 101 colonoscopies in HL survivors, AN was primarily classified based on polyp size ≥10 mm, whereas (high‐grade)dysplasia was more often seen in AN in controls. An interval between HL diagnosis and colonoscopy >26 years was associated with more AN compared with an interval of <26 years, with an odds ratio for AN of 3.8 (95% confidence interval 1.4–9.1) (p < 0.01). All 39 AN that were assessed were MMR proficient.ConclusionsColorectal neoplasia in HL survivors differ from average‐risk controls; classification AN was primarily based on polyp size (≥10 mm) in HL survivors. Longer follow‐up between HL diagnosis and colonoscopy was associated with a higher prevalence of AN in HL survivors.
Growing role for arnica in cosmetic dermatology: Lose the bruise
Authors: Sherban Alexander , Wang Jordan V. , Geronemus Roy G. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis commentary examines the utility of arnica in cosmetic dermatology. For many years, arnica has been used to reduce the morbidity associated with various procedures, including surgeries and treatments with lasers and other energy‐based devices. Arnica is a traditional homeopathic remedy that can reduce post‐procedural edema and bruising. Although it has been used clinically by many physicians and is widely and readily available to patients, the available data is limited and often conflicting. We reviewed the relevant information on arnica and offer our own insights into its use in order to shed more light on its periprocedural utility.
Clinical impact of the first pass effect on clinical outcomes in patients with near or complete recanalization during mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel ischemic stroke
Authors: Memon Muhammad Zeeshan , Daniel David , Chaudhry Mohammad Rauf A. , Grewal Manjot , Saini Vasu , Lukas Joshua , Siddu Mithilesh , Algahtani Rami , Nisar Taha , Majidi Shahram , Leon Guerrero Christopher R. , Burger Kathleen M. , Greenberg Edward , Khandelwal Priyank , Malik Amer M. , Starke Robert M. , Koch Sebastian , Yavagal Dileep R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe first pass effect has been reported as a mechanical thrombectomy (MT) success metric in patients with large vessel occlusive stroke. We aimed to compare the clinical and neuroimagign outcomes of patients who had favorable recanalization (mTICI 2c or mTICI 3) achieved in one pass versus those requiring multiple passes.MethodsIn this “real‐world” multicenter study, patients with mTICI 2c or 3 recanalization were identified from three prospectively collected stroke databases from January 2016 to December 2019. Clinical outcomes were a favorable functional outcome at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale score 0–2), and the rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) any ICH, and 90‐day mortality.ResultsFavorable recanalization was achieved in 390/664 (59%) of consecutive patients who underwent MT (age 71.2 ± 13.2 years, 188 [48.2%] women). This was achieved after a single thrombectomy pass (n= 290) or multiple thrombectomy passes (n= 100). The rate of favorable clinical outcome was higher (41% vs. 28 %,p= .02) in the first pass group with a continued trend on multivariate analysis that did not reaching statistical significance (OR 1.68 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0–2.95,p= .07). Similarly, the odds of any ICH were significantly lower (OR 0.56 CI 0.32–0.97,p= .03). A similar trend of favorable clinical outcomes was noticed on subgroup analysis of patients with M1 occlusion (OR 1.81 CI 1.01–3.61,p= .08).ConclusionThe first‐pass reperfusion was associated with a trend toward favorable clinical outcome and lower rates of ICH. These data suggest that the first‐pass effect should be the mechanical thrombectomy procedure goal.
An EAACI Task Force report on allergy to beta‐lactams in children: Clinical entities and diagnostic procedures
Authors: Blanca‐Lopez Natalia , Atanaskovic‐Markovic Marina , Gomes Eva R. , Kidon Mona , Kuyucu Semanur , Mori Francesca , Soyer Ozge , Caubet Jean‐Christoph 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBeta‐lactam (BL) allergy suspicion is common in children and constitutes a major public health problem, with an impact on patient's health and on medical costs. However, it has been found that most of these reactions are not confirmed by a complete allergic workup. The diagnostic value of the currently available allergy tests has been investigated intensively recently by different groups throughout the world. This has led to major changes in the management of children with a suspected BL allergy. Particularly, it is now well accepted that skin tests can be skipped before the drug provocation test in children with a benign non‐immediate reaction to BL. However, there is still a debate on the optimal allergic workup to perform in children with a benign immediate reaction. In addition, management of children with severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions remains difficult. In this review, based on a selection of the most relevant studies found in the literature, we will review and discuss the diagnosis of different forms of BL allergy in children.
The Lubricating Activity of Phospholipids on Charged and Neutral Surfaces
Authors: Pawlak Zenon , Gocman Krzysztof , Kaldonski Tomasz J. , Kaldonski Tadeusz , Gospodarczyk Jacek , Sojka Michal 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the amphoteric character of cartilage surface is used to study friction between charged (+/+), (−/−), and uncharged (±/±) biological surfaces. The surface of the bovine articular cartilage at varying pH solutions is either charged positively or negatively. When examining the coefficient of friction of the (cartilage/cartilage) pair, depending on the pH, we observe surfaces charged positively, negatively, and without charge. The uncharged surface refers to the iso-electric point (IEP) and shows greater friction than the charged surfaces of the cartilage. The measurement of surface energy versus. pH of the spherical lipid bi-layer will reveal the amphoteric nature of the membrane surface. The friction coefficient of the (cartilage/cartilage) pair and the surface energy of the spherical lipid bi-layer versus pH are expressed by a bell-shaped curve. This is an interesting case that confirms the fact that the phospholipid bi-layer is embedded on the surface cartilage. This experimental confirmation of negative surface cartilage is insufficiently highlighted in the literature on natural lubrication.
Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI): a mixed-methods study on implementation, knowledge and resource availability in Malawi
Authors: Kilov Kim , Hildenwall Helena , Dube Albert , Zadutsa Beatiwel , Banda Lumbani , Langton Josephine , Desmond Nicola , Lufesi Norman , Makwenda Charles , King Carina 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundThe introduction of the WHO’s Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) guidelines in the mid-1990s contributed to global reductions in under-five mortality. However, issues in quality of care have been reported. We aimed to determine resource availability and healthcare worker knowledge of IMCI guidelines in two districts in Malawi.MethodsWe conducted a mixed-methods study, including health facility audits to record availability and functionality of essential IMCI equipment and availability of IMCI drugs, healthcare provider survey and focus group discussions (FGDs) with facility staff. The study was conducted between January and April 2019 in Mchinji (central region) and Zomba (southern region) districts. Quantitative data were described using proportions and χ2 tests; linear regression was conducted to explore factors associated with IMCI knowledge. Qualitative data were analysed using a pragmatic framework approach. Qualitative and quantitative data were analysed and presented separately.ResultsForty-seven health facilities and 531 healthcare workers were included. Lumefantrine-Artemether and cotrimoxazole were the most available drugs (98% and 96%); while amoxicillin tablets and salbutamol nebuliser solution were the least available (28% and 36%). Respiratory rate timers were the least available piece of equipment, with only 8 (17%) facilities having a functional device. The mean IMCI knowledge score was 3.96 out of 10, and there was a statistically significant association between knowledge and having received refresher training (coeff: 0.42; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.82). Four themes were identified in the FGDs: IMCI implementation and practice, barriers to IMCI, benefits of IMCI and sustainability.ConclusionWe found key gaps in IMCI implementation; however, these were not homogenous across facilities, suggesting opportunities to learn from locally adapted IMCI best practices. Improving on-going mentorship, training and supervision should be explored to improve quality of care, and programming which moves away from vertical financing with short-term support, to a more holistic approach with embedded sustainability may address the balance of resources for different conditions.