bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SSVEP-Based Brain-Computer Interface for Part-Picking Robotic Co-Worker
Authors: Li Yao , Kesavadas Thenkurussi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOne of the expectations for the next generation of industrial robots is to work collaboratively with humans as robotic co-workers. Robotic co-workers must be able to communicate with human collaborators intelligently and seamlessly. However, industrial robots in prevalence are not good at understanding human intentions and decisions. We demonstrate a steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) which can directly deliver human cognition to robots through a headset. The BCI is applied to a part-picking robot. The BCI sends decisions to the robot while operators visually inspecting the quality of parts. The BCI is verified through a human subject study. In the study, a camera by the side of the conveyor takes photos of each industrial part and presents it to the operator automatically. When the operator looks at the photo, the electroencephalography (EEG) is collected through the BCI. The inspection decision is extracted through SSVEPs in EEG. When a defective part is identified by the operator, the signal is communicated to the robot, which locates the defective part by a second camera and removes it from the conveyor. The robot can grasp various part with our random grasp planning algorithm (2FRG). We have developed a CNN-CCA model for SSVEP extraction. The model is trained on a dataset collected in our offline experiment. Our approach outperforms the existing CCA, CCA-SVM, and PSD-SVM models. The CNN-CCA model is further validated in an online experiment and achieved 93% accuracy in identifying and removing defective parts.
Design Synthesis Through a Markov Decision Process and Reinforcement Learning Framework
Authors: Ororbia Maximilian E. , Warn Gordon P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article presents a framework that mathematically models optimal design synthesis as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) that is solved with reinforcement learning. In this context, the states correspond to specific design configurations, the actions correspond to the available alterations modeled after generative design grammars, and the immediate rewards are constructed to be related to the improvement in the altered configuration’s performance with respect to the design objective. Since in the context of optimal design synthesis the immediate rewards are in general not known at the onset of the process, reinforcement learning is employed to efficiently solve the MDP. The goal of the reinforcement learning agent is to maximize the cumulative rewards and hence synthesize the best performing or optimal design. The framework is demonstrated for the optimization of planar trusses with binary cross-sectional areas, and its utility is investigated with four numerical examples, each with a unique combination of domain, constraint, and external force(s) considering both linear-elastic and elastic-plastic material behaviors. The design solutions obtained with the framework are also compared with other methods in order to demonstrate its efficiency and accuracy.
Nonlinear Finite Element Load-Displacement Model and Analysis of Circular-Axis Hinge, Self-Similar Mechanism With Large Out-of-Plane Motion
Authors: Munteanu M. Gh. , Lobontiu N. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This research studies the large-displacement response of a fractal-architecture mechanism with circular-axis flexible hinges by formulating an efficient and accurate nonlinear finite element model. Two three-dimensional line elements are proposed whose nodal degrees-of-freedom include the three spatial Tait–Bryan angles. The nonlinear finite element is generated using the minimum potential energy condition for the entire deformed structure in a non-incremental approach. The error does not depend on the number of load steps since one step is sufficient to achieve the final, deformed state. The method is applied to predict the nonlinear, large, out-of-plane displacement of the fractal-hinge compliant mechanism. The model predictions are validated by finite element code simulation and experimental testing. The nonlinear finite element force-displacement data coincide with the linear compliance model predictions of Lobontiu et al. (2019, “Stiffness Design of Circular-Axis Hinge, Self-similar Mechanism With Large Out-of-Plane Motion,” ASME J. Mech. Des., 141(9), p. 092302) for approximately one-fourth lower portion of the load range and display the expected hardening-spring features for the load range remainder.
Optimization of Design Margins Allocation When Making Use of Additive Remanufacturing
Authors: Al Handawi Khalil , Panarotto Massimo , Andersson Petter , Isaksson Ola , Kokkolaras Michael 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Requirement changes can result in substantial overdesign because of the way design margins are allocated at the beginning of the design process. We present a design optimization method for minimizing overdesign by making use of additive remanufacturing and recently defined constituents of design margins (buffer and excess). The method can be used to obtain a set of design decisions for different changing requirement scenarios. We demonstrate our method by means of a turbine rear structure design problem where changes in the temperature loads are met by depositing different types of stiffeners on the outer casing. The results of the case study are visualized in a tradespace, which allows for comparison between sets of optimal, flexible, and robust designs. Results show that the optimized set of design decisions balances flexibility and robustness in a cost-effective manner.
Design Control and Performance of a Cable-Driving Module With External Encoder and Force Sensor for Cable-Driven Parallel Robots
Authors: An Hao , Zhang Yongqing , Yuan Han , Xu Wenfu , Wang Xin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Cable-driven parallel robots (CDPRs) have the characteristic of easy deployment, which endows CDPRs with flexible workspace, freely configurable degrees-of-freedom (DOFs), and various configurations, greatly expanding their range of applications. Modular design provides excellent convenience and feasibility for deployment, which is a crucial issue of CDPR design. A highly integrated cable-driving module is designed in this paper, which includes the winding bobbin, servo motor, force sensor, external encoder, electromagnetic brake, as well as other devices. Experiments show that the maximum cable length control error is less than 0.16%, and the maximum cable tension control error is less than 8% in the back-and-forward rotation test. Furthermore, a CDPR with eight cables and six DOFs is constructed rapidly using the proposed module, whose dimension is 850 × 850 × 650 mm3. Results show that the robot’s trajectory errors are all less than 4.5 mm, and the root-mean-square-error (RMSE) is 2.1 mm. Besides, the compliance control experiments show that the robot’s tracking error in an impedance control mode is less than 2 mm, and the RMSE is 0.95 mm. Moreover, the dragging force in a teaching mode is less than 2.5 N. The proposed integrated cable-driving module could be helpful for the modular design and deployment of CDPRs.
Shell-Side Flow Condensation Heat Transfer on Three-Dimensional Enhanced Surface
Authors: Li Wei , Yang Desong , Chen Jingxiang , Sun Zhichuan , Wang Jiacheng , Ayub Zahid 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
An experimental investigation of shell-side flow condensation was performed on three-dimensional surface enhanced tubes, including a herringbone micro-fin tube and a newly developed 1-EHT tube. An equivalent plain tube was also tested for performance comparison. All the test tubes had similar geometry parameters, i.e., inner diameter 11.43 mm and outer diameter 12.7 mm. The outer shell diameter was 24.5 mm with a wall thickness of 0.6 mm. Tests were conducted using R410A as the working fluid at a dew point of 45 °C. The mass flux range of 10–55 kg/(m2 · s) with an inlet quality of 0.8 and an outlet quality of 0.1. Experimental results showed that the plain tube exhibited a better condensation heat transfer performance. Moreover, the mass flux had a significant influence on the heat transfer coefficient for shell-side condensation. A new prediction model based on the Cavallini’s equation was developed to predict the condensing coefficient where the mean absolute error is less than 4%.
Influence of Dimensional Effects on the Curie Temperature of Dy and Ho Thin Films
Authors: Devyaterikov D. I. , Proglyado V. V. , Zhaketov V. D. , Nikitenko Yu. V. , Kondrat’ev O. A. , Pashaev E. M. , Subbotin I. A. , Zverev V. I. , Kravtsov E. A. , Ustinov V. V. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The role of size effects in the formation of the magnetic structure of Dy and Ho thin films in absence of epitaxial strain is studied in this work. It was found that, for Dy in the temperature range between the Néel temperature and the Curie temperature of bulk Dy and, for Ho, in the temperature range between the Néel temperature and the temperature of phase transition into the conic phase, the temperature dependences of the period of magnetic helicoid in the bulk and film metals are similar. The character of the transition into the ferromagnetic phase in the Dy films changes at lower temperatures, and the transition into the commensurable conic phase in the Ho films is suppressed. This is explained exclusively by the influence of dimensional effects.
Effect of algorithms and covariates in glaucoma diagnosis with optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: You Qi Sheng , Tan Ou , Pi Shaohua , Liu Liang , Wei Ping , Chen Aiyin , Ing Eliesa , Jia Yali , Huang David 
Published: June 2021

PurposeTo assess the effects of algorithms and covariates in glaucoma diagnosis with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).MethodsIn this prospective cross-sectional study, one eye each of 36 normal controls and 64 patients with glaucoma underwent 4.5 mm disc-centred and 6 mm macula-centred OCTA scans. The peripapillary nerve fibre layer plexus capillary density (NFLP-CD) and macular superficial vascular complex vessel density (SVC-VD) were measured using both a commercial algorithm (AngioAnalytics) and a custom algorithm (Center for Ophthalmic Optics & Lasers Angiography Reading Toolkit (COOL-ART)). The nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell complex thicknesses were measured on structural OCT.ResultsThe overall peripapillary NFLP-CD and macular SVC-VD measured with the two algorithms were highly correlated but poorly agreed. Among the normal controls, the perfusion measurements made by both algorithms were significantly correlated with age. AngioAnalytics measurements were also correlated with signal strength index, while COOL-ART measurements were not. These covariates were adjusted. The diagnostic accuracy, measured as the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for glaucoma detection, was not significantly different between algorithms, between structural and perfusion parameters and between the peripapillary and macular regions (All p>0.05). The macular SVC-VD in the 6 mm square had a significantly higher diagnostic accuracy than that of the central 3 mm square area (p=0.005).ConclusionsAngioAnalytics and COOL-ART vessel density measurements are not interchangeable but potentially interconvertible. Age and signal strength are significant covariates that need to be considered. Both algorithms and both peripapillary and macular perfusion parameters have similarly good diagnostic accuracy comparable to structural OCT. A larger macular analytic area provides higher diagnostic accuracy.
Design and implementation of a multifaceted injury prevention intervention in Bedouin children in southern Israel
Authors: Myers Vicki , Orr Daniella , Vered-Chen Liat , Baron-Epel Orna 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundChild injury is prevalent in the Bedouin community of southern Israel, with higher injury rates compared with the general population. Bedouin children aged 0–4 were twice as likely as children from other population groups to suffer any injury, and for example, incidence of burns in Bedouin children was 0.91/1000 children, compared with 0.46/1000 in Jewish children.MethodsA multifaceted injury prevention intervention was developed based on best practice methods, culturally adapted and implemented in nine Bedouin towns in collaboration with local authorities. Intervention elements included a youth leadership scheme, workshops for mothers in maternal child health centres, home safety visits, a preschool intervention and a media campaign. Outcome assessment of change following home visits was conducted. Process evaluation included a survey of mothers and focus groups with youth participants.ResultsHigh participation was demonstrated indicating acceptability of the programme. Assessment of home visits showed an improvement in the level of household safety between first and second visits, as measured by a checklist. Youth participants expressed satisfaction in the programme, which gave them confidence and practical tools.ConclusionA multifaceted intervention programme was conducted in the Bedouin community in southern Israel and found to be acceptable, with high participation levels. Collaboration between national and local authorities improved implementation, and multiple programmes in different settings enabled broad exposure to the programme.
Numerical simulation of natural convection in a porous cavity with internal hot and cold sources using the lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Zhang Ying , Huang Xuhui , Huang Yichen , Xu Meng , Lei Jie 
Published: June 2021

Based on the non-orthogonal multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method (MRT–LBM), natural convection in a porous square cavity with a pair of isothermally hot and cold blocks inside was studied numerically in the current study. The influence of arrangements (Cases 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5), spacing ratio (S), and size ratio (A) of the hot and cold sources and the Rayleigh number (Ra) on the heat exchange efficiency were studied. The results show that different arrangements produce different heat-transfer effects. Two arrangements, hot and cold blocks placed horizontally (Case 1) and a cold block located in the upper left corner while a hot block is located in the bottom right corner (Case 4), have better heat exchange performance than the other three cases because the flow directions of hot and cold fluids are closer to that of the heat transfer. Then, the influence of the spacing between blocks and the size of the blocks on the heat transfer rate was further studied in Cases 1 and 4. Heat transfer performance improved with increasing A. Additionally, the variation in the heat transfer performance with spacing is related to the arrangement and size ratio of the blocks. For Ra = 104, 105, and 106, the best heat transfer characteristics were obtained in Case 1 when S = 0.05 and A = 0.20. For Ra = 107, Case 4 exhibited the best heat transfer effect when S = 0.35 and A = 0.20.
Moving the epidemic tipping point through topologically targeted social distancing
Authors: Ansari Sara , Anvari Mehrnaz , Pfeffer Oskar , Molkenthin Nora , Moosavi Mohammad R. , Hellmann Frank , Heitzig Jobst , Kurths Jürgen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe epidemic threshold of a social system is the ratio of infection and recovery rate above which a disease spreading in it becomes an epidemic. In the absence of pharmaceutical interventions (i.e. vaccines), the only way to control a given disease is to move this threshold by non-pharmaceutical interventions like social distancing, past the epidemic threshold corresponding to the disease, thereby tipping the system from epidemic into a non-epidemic regime. Modeling the disease as a spreading process on a social graph, social distancing can be modeled by removing some of the graphs links. It has been conjectured that the largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of the resulting graph corresponds to the systems epidemic threshold. Here we use a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to study those link removals that do well at reducing the largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix. The MCMC method generates samples from the relative canonical network ensemble with a defined expectation value of $$\lambda _{\text {max}}$$

λ
max

. We call this the “well-controlling network ensemble” (WCNE) and compare its structure to randomly thinned networks with the same link density. We observe that networks in the WCNE tend to be more homogeneous in the degree distribution and use this insight to define two ad-hoc removal strategies, which also substantially reduce the largest eigenvalue. A targeted removal of 80% of links can be as effective as a random removal of 90%, leaving individuals with twice as many contacts. Finally, by simulating epidemic spreading via either an SIS or an SIR model on network ensembles created with different link removal strategies (random, WCNE, or degree-homogenizing), we show that tipping from an epidemic to a non-epidemic state happens at a larger critical ratio between infection rate and recovery rate for WCNE and degree-homogenized networks than for those obtained by random removals.
Mitochondrial Tumor Suppressors—The Energetic Enemies of Tumor Progression
Authors: Jakoube Pavel , Cutano Valentina , González-Morena Juan M. , Keckesova Zuzana 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTumor suppressors represent a critical line of defense against tumorigenesis. Their mechanisms of action and the pathways they are involved in provide important insights into cancer progression, vulnerabilities, and treatment options. Although nuclear and cytosolic tumor suppressors have been extensively investigated, relatively little is known about tumor suppressors localized within the mitochondria. However, recent research has begun to uncover the roles of these important proteins in suppressing tumorigenesis. Here, we review this newly developing field and summarize available information on mitochondrial tumor suppressors.
Coronary Disease Association With ADAMTS7 Is Due to Protease Activity
Authors: Mizoguchi Taiji , MacDonald Bryan T. , Bhandary Bidur , Popp Nicholas R. , Laprise Dylan , Arduini Alessandro , Lai Daniel , Zhu Qiuyu Martin , Xing Yi , Kaushik Virendar K. , Kathiresan Sekar , Ellinor Patrick T. 
Published: June 2021

Rationale:

Despite contemporary therapy, coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of mortality. Genetic variants at
ADAMTS7
have been associated with CAD and the loss of ADAMTS7 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 7) is protective for atherosclerosis. ADAMTS7 is a secreted metalloproteinase and complex proteoglycan; yet, the mechanism linking ADAMTS7 to CAD risk remains unresolved.

Objective:
To investigate the role of ADAMTS7 catalytic function in vascular smooth muscle cellular migration and during atherosclerosis.

Methods and Results:

We established a new purification strategy for full-length mouse ADAMTS7 and demonstrated the loss of activity in the catalytic mutant form of ADAMTS7. To test if the enzymatic activity of ADAMTS7 mediates atherosclerosis, we generated a catalytically inactive mutant mouse allele and compared it to the
Adamts7
knockout. Using 2 models of atherosclerosis, we found that reducing either ADAMTS7 dosage or catalytic function decreased the burden of atherosclerosis. We demonstrate impaired vascular smooth muscle migration in both
Adamts7
catalytic mutant and null cells using a lateral migration wound healing assay. Expression of the wild-type allele rescued the migration phenotype in
Adamts7
null cells while expression of the catalytic mutant protein did not. We then characterized a human
ADAMTS7
coding variant rs3825807 (Ser214Pro) associated with reduced CAD risk. This variant had a hypomorphic effect on ADAMTS7 secretion and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, findings consistent with our mouse studies.

Conclusions:
We demonstrated that loss of ADAMTS7 catalytic function protects against atherosclerosis via phenotype switch of vascular smooth muscle cells and that the atherosclerosis protective effects could be mediated by a loss-of-function coding variant associated with CAD risk. In aggregate, we provide compelling evidence that dosage of ADAMTS7 and catalytic function are responsible for the atherosclerotic phenotype, suggesting that the catalytic domain would be an attractive therapeutic target for CAD.
Intensive Lifestyle Intervention Increases Plasma Midregional Proatrial Natriuretic Peptide Concentrations in Overweight Children
Authors: Thomsen Camilla F. , Goharian Tina S. , Larsen Kristian T. , Goetze Jens P. , Andersen Lars B. , Jeppesen Jørgen L. 
Published: June 2021

Background
Overweight adults have low circulating concentrations of ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) and proANP fragments. We tested the hypothesis that an intensive lifestyle intervention with an intended weight loss would increase plasma concentrations of a proANP fragment in overweight children.

Methods and Results

We measured MR‐proANP (midregional proANP) concentrations in plasma from overweight children who participated in the OOIS (Odense Overweight Intervention Study). OOIS randomized 115 overweight children (11–13 years, 55% girls) to an intensive day‐camp intervention arm with increased physical activity and healthy diet or to a less intensive standard intervention arm for 6 weeks. We used linear mixed‐effects modeling for repeated measures to estimate the difference in the mean change with 95% CIs in fasting plasma MR‐proANP concentrations between the 2 arms, and we used partial least squares regression analysis to identify candidate mediators. Differences in weight, fitness, and metabolic factors were also analyzed. At baseline, fasting plasma MR‐proANP concentrations were (median [interquartile range]) 35.0 pmol/L (26.8–42.0) in the day‐camp intervention arm and 37.2 pmol/L (31.7–44.7) in standard intervention arm participants, respectively. After 6 weeks intervention, children in the day‐camp intervention arm had increased their MR‐proANP (5.4 pmol/L [0.8–10.0],
P
=0.022) and their fitness (2.33 mL O
2
/min per kg [0.52–4.14],
P
=0.012) and they had deceased their body mass index (−2.12 kg/m
2
[−2.59 to −1.65],
P
<0.001) as compared with children in standard intervention arm. In the partial least squares analysis, decreases in fasting insulin and in estimated insulin resistance were associated with the observed increase in MR‐proANP concentrations.

Conclusions
An intensive lifestyle intervention increases plasma MR‐proANP among overweight children.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01574352.