bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying students who are off‐track academically at the start of secondary school: The role of social‐emotional learning trajectories
Authors: Soland James , Kuhfeld Megan 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundResearch shows that successfully transitioning from intermediate school to secondary school is pivotal for students to remain on track to graduate. Studies also indicate that a successful transition is a function not only of how prepared the students are academically but also whether they have the social‐emotional learning (SEL) skills to succeed in a more independent secondary school environment.AimYet, little is known about whether students’ SEL skills are stable over time, and if they are not, whether a student’s initial level of SEL skills at the start of intermediate school or change in SEL skills over time is a better indicator of whether the student will be off track academically in 9th grade. This study begins to investigate this issue.SampleWe use four years of longitudinal SEL data from students in a large urban district with a sample size of ~3,000 students per timepoint.MethodsWe use several years of longitudinal SEL data to fit growth models for three constructs shown to be related to successfully transitioning to secondary school. In so doing, we examine whether a student’s mean SEL score in 6th grade (status) or growth between 6th and 8th grade is more predictive of being off track academically in 9th grade.ResultResults indicate that, while status is more frequently significant, growth for self‐management is also predictive above and beyond status on that construct.ConclusionFindings suggest that understanding how a student develops social‐emotionally can improve identification of students not on track to succeed in high school.
A novel function of HRP‐3 in regulating cell cycle progression via the HDAC–E2F1–Cyclin E pathway in lung cancer
Authors: Yun Hong Shik , Lee Janet , Kim Ju‐Young , Sim Ye‐Ji , Lee Chang‐Woo , Park Jong Kuk , Kim Jae‐Sung , Ahn Jiyeon , Song Jie‐Young , Baek Jeong‐Hwa , Hwang Sang‐Gu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo improve the poor survival rate of lung cancer patients, we investigated the role of HDGF‐related protein 3 (HRP‐3) as a potential biomarker for lung cancer. The expression of endogenous HRP‐3 in human lung cancer tissues and xenograft tumor models is indicative of its clinical relevance in lung cancer. Additionally, we demonstrated that HRP‐3 directly binds to the E2F1 promoter on chromatin. Interestingly, HRP‐3 depletion in A549 cells impedes the binding of HRP‐3 to the E2F1 promoter; this in turn hampers the interaction between Histone H3/H4 and HDAC1/2 on the E2F1 promoter, while concomitantly inducing Histone H3/H4 acetylation around the E2F1 promoter. The enhanced Histone H3/H4 acetylation on the E2F1 promoter through HRP‐3 depletion increases the transcription level of E2F1. Furthermore, the increased E2F1 transcription levels lead to the enhanced transcription of Cyclin E, known as the E2F1‐responsive gene, thus inducing S‐phase accumulation. Therefore, our study provides evidence for the utility of HRP‐3 as a biomarker for the prognosis and treatment of lung cancer. Furthermore, we delineated the capacity of HRP‐3 to regulate the E2F1 transcription level via histone deacetylation.
Changes in oral health inequalities in adults in Chile
Authors: Borgeat Meza Marjorie , Espinoza Iris , Carvajal Paola , Cuevas Rosa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe adult population in Chile has a high prevalence of dental caries and non‐functional dentition. Fifteen years after the Health Reform, aimed to reduce health inequalities, it is necessary to analyse changes in social inequalities in oral health in Chilean adults.MethodsA secondary analysis of data from 2003 and 2016–2017 National Health Surveys (NHS) in Chile was performed on seven oral health outcomes in adults: prevalence of untreated caries, prevalence of severe untreated caries, number of teeth with untreated caries, prevalence of functional dentition, prevalence of edentulism, number of remaining natural teeth and utilization of dental services. Inequalities were measured with the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) by education level.ResultsA decrease of caries inequalities measured with SII was observed from 2003 to 2016–17 NHS but an increase of remaining teeth inequalities was measured. The SII of the remaining teeth increased from 6.6 [95% CI = 5.0, 8.2] in 2003 to 8.8 [95% CI = 7.3, 10.3] in 2016–17. The SII of functional dentition by education increased from 29.0 [95% CI = 22.0, 36.0] in 2003 to 38.8 [95% CI = 32.6, 45.0]) in 2016–17. The utilization of dental services ≤1 year was the only outcome that showed a decrease in absolute and relative inequality, the SII was 33.9 [95% CI = 23.3, 45.6] in 2003 and 26.2 [95% CI = 16.6, 35.8] in 2016–17 and the RII decreased from 2.5 [95% CI = 1.7, 3.3] in 2003 to RII = 1.8 [95% CI = 1.4, 2.3] in 2016–17.ConclusionThe increase of tooth loss inequalities in contrast to the decrease of inequalities in dental services utilization show the need to re‐evaluate the current dental programmes for adults in Chile. This may include establishing a stronger oral health promotion strategy and greater dental treatment coverage focusing on avoiding tooth extractions in vulnerable social groups.
β1‐receptor polymorphisms and junctional ectopic tachycardia in children after cardiac surgery
Authors: Dumeny Leanne , Chantra Marut , Langaee Taimour , Duong Benjamin Q. , Zambrano Daniel H. , Han Frank , Lopez‐Colon Dalia , Humma James F. , Dacosta Jonathan , Lovato Tommie , Mei Connie , Duarte Julio D. , Johnson Julie A. , Peek Giles J. , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Bleiweis Mark S. , Cavallari Larisa H. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractJunctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is a potentially life‐threatening postoperative arrhythmia in children with specific congenital heart defects and can contribute significantly to postoperative morbidity for at‐risk populations. In adults, β1‐adrenergic receptor (ADRB1) and β2‐adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) genotypes have been associated with increased risk for arrhythmias. However, their association with arrhythmia risk in children is unknown. We aimed to test associations between ADRB1 and ADRB2 genotypes and postoperative JET in patients with congenital heart defects. Children who underwent cardiac surgery were genotyped for the ADRB1 p.Ser49Gly (rs1801252; c.145A>G), p.Arg389Gly (rs1801253; c.1165C>G), ADRB2 p.Arg16Gly (rs1042713; c.46A>G), and p.Glu27Gln (rs1042714; c.79G>C) polymorphisms. The occurrence of postoperative JET was assessed via cardiologist‐interpreted electrocardiograms. Genotype associations with JET were analyzed via logistic regression, adjusted for clinical variables associated with JET, with separate analysis in patients not on a β‐blocker. Of the 343 children included (median age 8 months, 53% boys, 69% European ancestry), 45 (13%) developed JET. The Arg389Arg genotype was not significantly associated with JET in the overall population (odds ratio [OR] = 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.96–4.03, p = 0.064), but was nominally associated in patients not taking a β‐blocker (n = 324, OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.05–4.80. p = 0.034). None of the other variants were associated with JET. These data suggest that the ADRB1 Arg389Arg genotype may predict risk for JET following cardiac surgery in pediatric patients in the absence of β‐blockade. Whether treatment with a β‐blocker ameliorates this association requires further research.
Neonatal neurobehavior in infants with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Bradshaw Jessica , Shi Dexin , Hendrix Cassandra L , Saulnier Celine , Klaiman Cheryl 
Published: October 2021

AimTo investigate neurobehavioral maturation for neonates who are later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).MethodIn a prospective longitudinal design, neonatal neurobehavior was examined monthly in 1‐ to 3‐month‐old infants at elevated and low familial likelihood of ASD (n=60). At 2 years, infants were seen for a clinical best‐estimate evaluation, resulting in 18 infants with ASD and 36 typically developing infants. Repeated‐measures analysis of variance models were conducted to examine the effects of age, diagnostic group, and their interactions.ResultsNeurobehavioral maturation of infants diagnosed with ASD was largely comparable to typically developing infants from 1 to 3 months, with the exception of the development of attention. Object‐focused attention was significantly attenuated for infants with ASD beginning at 2 to 3 months and was predictive of social‐communication skills 2 years later.InterpretationThis is the first study to prospectively examine neonatal neurobehavior of infants at an elevated familial likelihood of ASD who later received a diagnosis. Despite relatively intact neurological and behavioral maturation in the neonatal period, attention to objects emerged as a key early indicator of ASD. This suggests a complex attentional vulnerability within the first 3 months of life that may be associated with cascading sequelae of social‐communication challenges and the emergence of ASD.
The challenge of removing a mistaken price cap
Authors: Littlechild Stephen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe UK Competition and Markets Authority in 2016 calculated a detriment of £1.4 billion–2 billion in Great Britain's retail energy market, attributed to weak customer response. The government in 2019 imposed a tariff cap until competition is effective. I argue that the cap was a mistake: there was no such detriment and there are valid reasons for customers not changing supplier. The market was not previously uncompetitive and inefficient as suggested. The cap has rendered the sector loss‐making and led to supplier exit. The assessments of effective competition by the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets have been arbitrary and implausible. Some alternative ways ahead are noted, but latest government policy invokes behavioural economics to propose even greater intervention. A postscript discusses dramatic recent developments.
Parasitism of Neoconocephalus katydids by the parasitoid fly, Ormia lineifrons
Authors: Rogers Kyler J. , Beckers Oliver M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMating signals of insects do not only attract their intended receivers but also eavesdropping parasites and/or predators. As a result, an arms race between the host or prey and the eavesdropper ensues, propelling their co‐evolution and potentially contributing to their diversification. Here, we investigate the species interaction of the fly Ormia lineifrons that uses Neoconocephalus katydids as hosts for its lethal larvae. We surveyed the host use of O. lineifrons over a 2‐year period in Kentucky and determined which species were used as hosts, the parasitism rate of each katydid host, and how many generations per year the fly displays. Four of the six surveyed Neoconocephalus species were parasitized and killed (Neoconocephalus triops, Neoconocephalus velox, Neoconocephalus robustus, Neoconocephalus nebrascensis) by O. lineifrons. Three of these katydid species were previously not known to be hosts of O. lineifrons. Two of the six species were not parasitized in either year (Neoconocephalus bivocatus, Neoconocephalus retusus) even though O. lineifrons was active when they called. The parasitism rate of each host peaked between 38% and 100% across years. The fly had three distinct generations per year, and each generation used different katydid species as hosts. We discuss the importance of the synchronization of the three fly generations with their hosts as well as potential counteradaptations of the hosts. These semi‐independent arms races could provide valuable insights in the diversification of the hosts and their parasitoid.
Integration of electron beam technology into fresh produce wash water line: Effect of inoculum suspension medium and water quality parameters on the radioresistance of Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 13311
Authors: Omac Basri , Moreira Rosana G. , Castell‐Perez Elena 
Published: October 2021

AbstractElectron beam technology may be integrated into the fresh produce wash water line, as an advanced oxidation process (AOP). However, prior to implementation, effectiveness of the technology must be assessed. Hydroxyl radical scavengers were used to quantify the role of yield of hydroxyl radicals in inactivation of the selected pathogen in aqueous solution. The combined lethal effect of e‐beam treatment with aqueous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution was also investigated. The radioresistance of Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 13311 in deionized (DI) water, that is radiation D10 values, increased (p < .05) from 0.15 ± 0.00 kGy to 0.18 ± 0.00 kGy and to 0.19 ± 0.06 kGy when peptone water (PW) and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was dissolved into DI water, respectively. Membrane‐permeable ethanol provided better protection for this pathogen than nonpermeable PEG. Results suggest that to minimize the protective effects of inoculating suspending media used for the preparation of Salmonella suspension, 1.0 mM phosphate buffer (PB) should be used in microbial studies of irradiated foods. Nitrate and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) reacting with hydrated electrons (eaq−) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH), respectively, induced more sequestering of ·OH. E‐beam treatment with 0.60 kGy dose in aqueous solution with H2O2 led to a reduction of 6.44 ± 0.03 log CFU/mL f S. Typhimurium ATCC 13311.
Effects of autophagy inhibition by chloroquine on hepatic stellate cell activation in CCl4‐induced acute liver injury mouse model
Authors: Le Trinh Van , Dinh Ngoc Bao Thi , Dang Minh Thanh , Phan Nhan Chinh Lu , Dang Loan Tung Thi , Grassi Gabriele , Holterman Ai Xuan Le , Le Huy Minh , Truong Nhung Hai 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and AimHepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation, a critical event in liver fibrosis, has been recently shown to be related to autophagy. Determine whether chloroquine (CQ) could affect (i) the activation of HSC in vivo and (ii) the hepatic damage in a mice acute liver injury model.MethodsThe acute liver injury was induced in BALB/c mice by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 group); 24 h before and after CCl4 administration animals were treated by CQ (CCl4 + CQ group). As control, mice treated by olive oil were considered. After 48 h from CCl4/olive oil administration, blood samples, liver tissues, and HSCs were harvested for analysis.ResultsIn vivo, CQ attenuates CCl4‐induced acute liver damage as evidenced by (i) the reduction of liver enlargement, (ii) the reduction of liver swelling and necrosis also supported by a certain decrease of circulating transaminases level, and (iii) the reduction of liver fibrosis evaluated by collagen deposition and α‐sma protein expression. In HSCs isolated from CQ treated group, we observed the inhibition of autophagy proved by the increase in p62 protein and the decrease of lc3 protein. In addition, CQ reduced the expression of the HSCs activation markers α‐sma/collagen‐I and down‐regulated the expression of the proliferative marker ki67.ConclusionThe autophagy attenuation exerted by CQ together with the reduction of the expression of the proliferation marker in HSCs can lessen the acute liver damage potentially opening the way to novel therapeutic approaches for hepatic fibrosis.
Two novel pathogenic variants in MED13L: one familial and one isolated case
Authors: Carvalho L. M. L. , da Costa S. S. , Campagnari F. , Kaufman A. , Bertola D. R. , da Silva I. T. , Krepischi A. C. V. , Koiffmann C. P. , Rosenberg C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundGenetic variants involving the MED13L gene can lead to an autosomal dominant syndrome characterised by intellectual disability/developmental delay and facial dysmorphism.MethodsWe investigated two cases (one familial and one isolated) of intellectual disability with speech delay and dysmorphic facial features by whole‐exome sequencing analyses. Further, we performed a literature review about clinical and molecular aspects of MED13L gene and syndrome.ResultsTwo MED13L variants have been identified [MED13L(NM_015335.5):c.4417C>T and MED13L(NM_015335.5):c.2318delC] and were classified as pathogenic according to the ACMG (American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics) guidelines. One of the variants was present in sibs.ConclusionsThe two pathogenic variants identified have not been previously reported. Importantly, this is the first report of a familial case of MED13L nonsense mutation. Although the parents of the affected children were no longer available for analysis, their apparently normal phenotypes were surmised from familial verbal descriptions corresponding to normal mental behaviour and phenotype. In this situation, the familial component of mutation transmission might be caused by gonadal mosaicism of a MED13L mutation in a gonad from either the father or the mother. The case reports and the literature review presented in this manuscript can be useful for genetic counselling.
Subcutaneous etonogestrel implant combined with endometrial ablation for the treatment of adenomyosis: two case reports
Authors: Nie Le‐Kai , Zou Hong‐Li , Cheng Lei , Zhang Pei‐Hai 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAdenomyosis is a common disease that affects many premenopausal women. Two patients with adenomyosis, aged 51 and 42 years, presented with dysmenorrhea and increased menstrual volume. They refused laparoscopy or laparotomy surgery and were not eligible for the levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system (LNG‐IUS). The first patient underwent endometrial ablation and subcutaneous etonogestrel (ENG)‐releasing implant placement at the same time. Her symptoms of dysmenorrhea and heavy menstruation improved significantly. When serum follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol (E2) levels suggested menopause, the ENG‐releasing implant was removed. However, her abdominal pain recurred and was relieved by medication. For the second patient, an ENG‐releasing implant was placed first, and her dysmenorrhea and heavy menstrual volume were relieved. However, the bleeding pattern changed from regular bleeding to prolonged bleeding, which troubled the patient. Endometrial ablation was performed 4 months later to solve the problem. Both patients had improved symptoms and were satisfied with the treatment. For patients with adenomyosis who refuse surgery and are not candidates for the use of LNG‐IUS, an ENG‐releasing implant combined with endometrial ablation may be an effective alternative.
University–firm competition in basic research: Simultaneous versus sequential moves
Authors: Amir Rabah , Chalioti Evangelia , Halmenschlager Christine 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper studies the endogenous timing of moves in a game with competition in basic research between a university and a commercial firm. It examines the conditions under which the two entities end up investing in innovation at equilibrium, both under simultaneous and sequential moves. It argues that when the innovation process is not too costly, under any timing, the firm conducts research despite the opportunities for complete free‐riding. The two sequential move games with either player as leader emerge as equilibrium endogenous timings, with both entities realizing higher profits in either outcome than in a simultaneous move game. Each entity also profits more by following than by leading. Finally, as a proxy for a welfare analysis, we compare the propensities for innovation across the three scenarios and find that university leadership yields a superior performance. This may be used as a selection criterion to choose the latter scenario as the unique outcome of endogenous timing.
Multilevel Governance and the Implementation of Inclusion Policy for Older Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in Canada
Authors: Dickson Daniel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study analyzes the influence of Canadian provincial governance structures on support services for older adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Following multilevel governance (MLG) literature, it compares Ontario's more centralized governance structure with Québec's more disentangled multi‐jurisdictional structure by how they promote social inclusion—a guiding policy priority for disability and aging services. Despite their divergent MLG structures, the findings show that when accounting for implementation effects, Ontario and Québec are producing strikingly similar social inclusion outcomes, owing to the similar motivations of frontline workers. Interviewees in both provinces prioritized needs related to health and medication use, to the detriment of social inclusion goals, reflecting the “siloization” of aging and disability support services. Respondents also stressed the impracticality of person‐centered care within current funding models, thus defending divergence from a central policy priority in both provinces. This points to the importance of accounting for the input of policy implementers, whose resistance to overarching policy priorities confound structural differences in the production of policy outcomes.
If Confucius met Scanlon—Understanding filial piety from Confucianism and Contractualism
Authors: Sin William 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHow much should adult children sacrifice to care for their chronically ill parents? If parents commit crimes, should their children report them to the authorities? What are the demands of filial obligation in these cases? Traditionally, Confucians have favoured a somewhat stringent view of filial obligation. By this view, adult children have to provide long‐term care to their parents as well as place their parents' interests over any concerns of justice, should the two happen to conflict. I will call these stringent views the principles of filial caregiving and filial favoritism. In this paper, I will use Scanlon's Contractualism to analyze the two principles, and juxtapose the Contractualist analysis with the Confucian filial piety. By doing this, we sharpen Confucianism's critical elements, and highlight the coherence of Contractualism with this ethical ideology from a non‐analytic tradition.
A Quantitative Risk Estimation Platform for Indoor Aerosol Transmission of COVID‐19
Authors: Parhizkar Hooman , Van Den Wymelenberg Kevin G. , Haas Charles N. , Corsi Richard L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAerosol transmission has played a significant role in the transmission of COVID‐19 disease worldwide. We developed a COVID‐19 aerosol transmission risk estimation model to better understand how key parameters associated with indoor spaces and infector emissions affect inhaled deposited dose of aerosol particles that convey the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus. The model calculates the concentration of size‐resolved, virus‐laden aerosol particles in well‐mixed indoor air challenged by emissions from an index case(s). The model uses a mechanistic approach, accounting for particle emission dynamics, particle deposition to indoor surfaces, ventilation rate, and single‐zone filtration. The novelty of this model relates to the concept of “inhaled & deposited dose” in the respiratory system of receptors linked to a dose–response curve for human coronavirus HCoV‐229E. We estimated the volume of inhaled & deposited dose of particles in the 0.5–4 μm range expressed in picoliters (pL) in a well‐documented COVID‐19 outbreak in restaurant X in Guangzhou China. We anchored the attack rate with the dose–response curve of HCoV‐229E which provides a preliminary estimate of the average SARS‐CoV‐2 dose per person, expressed in plaque forming units (PFUs). For a reasonable emission scenario, we estimate approximately three PFU per pL deposited, yielding roughly 10 PFUs deposited in the respiratory system of those infected in restaurant X. To explore the model's utility, we tested it with four COVID‐19 outbreaks. The risk estimates from the model fit reasonably well with the reported number of confirmed cases given available metadata from the outbreaks and uncertainties associated with model assumptions.