bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Bi‐DOPO derivative functionalized graphene oxide: Preparation and its flame‐retardation on epoxy resin
Authors: Ji Pengfei , Cui Yihua , Liu Dongyue , Zhang Tianlong , Lv Jipeng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA novel functionalized graphene oxide (F‐GO) decorated with a double‐phosphaphenanthrene structure was fabricated using a covalent modification method. The F‐GO with Bi‐DOPO groups then was introduced into the epoxy matrix as a highly effective flame retardant. The Flame retardant epoxy resins (FREP) containing F‐GO exhibited superior fire‐resistant performance with extremely low loading. When the content of F‐GO was 1 wt%, the limiting oxygen index value of the FREP was increased from 19.9% to 30.8%, and the total heat release and the peak heat release rate was decreased by 44.0% and 55.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, the tensile and impact tests results indicated that the mechanical properties of the epoxy resins were improved with the addition of F‐GO. Furthermore, the thermogravimetric analysis showed that F‐GO greatly increased the char‐yield of the cured FREP. Based on the char analyses of SEM images, F‐GO was conducive to form a more protective char barrier for FREP during combustion. F‐GO developed a synergistic flame‐retardant effect of the Bi‐DOPO derivative and graphene layer structures on epoxy resins.
Highly advanced phthalonitrile composites from epoxy‐ended hyperbranched poly(trimellitic anhydride ethylene glycol) ester grafted basalt fibers
Authors: Belgacemi Raouf , Derradji Mehdi , Mehelli Oussama , Trache Djalal , Liu Wenbin , Wang Jun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this study, a partially bio‐based composite was prepared from a high‐performance thermosetting resin, namely the phthalonitrile, and chopped basalt fibers (CBFs). Aiming to create strong covalent bonds between the matrix and the fillers, the CBFs were priorly grafted with an epoxy‐ended hyperbranched poly (trimellitic anhydride ethylene glycol) ester (EHBP). The modification technique was validated by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of the fillers treatment on the mechanical performances highlighted remarkable enhancements in the tensile, bending, and Charpy impact properties. For instance, the tensile strength and modulus values were 30% and 20% higher than those afforded by the pristine fibers. Meanwhile, the SEM analysis of the fractured surfaces clearly confirmed the excellent state of adhesion and dispersion of the treated fillers with the polymeric matrix. Additionally, the influence of different quantities of EHBP‐CBFs on the composite properties further revealed the exceptionally high mechanical properties of the developed materials. In fact, the tensile strength attained exceptional value of about 310 MPa for the composite of 20 wt% of EHBP‐CBFs. Overall, this study unraveled the great potential of these newly developed materials with a focus on overcoming the debonding phenomena and easing the stress‐transfer between the constituents.
Predictive quality control for compound liquorice tablets by the intelligent mergence fingerprint method combined with the systematic quantitative fingerprint method
Authors: Hou Zhifei , Sun Guoxiang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionCompound liquorice tablet (CLT) is a herbal compound preparation and is used as a classic antitussive and expectorant in China. It is composed of liquorice extract powder, opioid powder, star anise oil, camphor, and sodium benzoate. The complexity of herbal materials brings a huge challenge in producing compound preparations with stable and uniform quality consistency.ObjectiveTo establish a new intelligent model for predicting the quality of CLT.MethodsThe HPLC fingerprints of raw materials including liquorice extract powder, powdered opium, star anise oil, and sodium benzoate were tested and merged to generate the intelligent mergence fingerprints, whose correlation with the raw materials and the CLT samples was studied. The consistency of the intelligently merged fingerprints with the standard fingerprints was observed by using the systematic quantitative fingerprint method in order to calculate quality evaluation results.ResultsThe intelligent mergence fingerprints covered all the main fingerprint peaks of four raw materials and had a good correlation with the CLT sample fingerprint. There were no significant quality differences either among the six intelligent mergence models obtained by combining different batches of raw materials or between the reference fingerprint of the intelligent mergence connection fingerprints (RFPIMFC) and the theoretical standard preparation (RFPS).ConclusionThe computer‐aided model of intelligent mergence fingerprints could be used to predict the quality of herbal compound preparations based on raw materials. In this way, preproduction quality prediction can be realised in order to avoid low‐quality medicinal materials and improve the quality consistency among different batches.
Registration of ‘SB255’ winter barley
Authors: Brooks Wynse , Griffey Carl , Vaughn Mark , Seago John , Thomason Wade , Fitzgerald Joshua , Christopher Anthony , Pitman Robert , Dunaway David , Light Jon , Rucker Elizabeth , Behl Harry , Beahm Bruce , Browning Phillip , McMaster Niki , Schmale David , Hardiman Thomas , Custis J. Tommy , Gulick Steve , Ashburn S. Bobby , Jones Ned , Marshall David , Fountain Myron , Tuong Tan , Oakes Joseph 
Published: May 2021

Abstract‘SB255’ (Reg. no. CV‐373, PI 693987) is a six‐rowed hulled barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar with winter growth habit. The cultivar was released by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station in May 2019. SB255 is widely adapted, high yielding, high grain volume weight, and medium tall. It has good winterhardiness and good straw strength. The spikes of SB255 are strap and slightly waxy with no overlapping lateral kernels and with long awns. Prior to being named, SB255 was tested under the experimental designation VA11B‐141 (LA). It was derived from the cross Spont03‐44/VA01B‐44 and developed using a modified‐bulk breeding method. It was evaluated from 2013 to 2019 in the Virginia Official Variety Trials at five to six locations. SB255's average grain yield (5,214 kg ha–1) was similar to the check cultivars ‘Secretariat’ and ‘Thoroughbred’ but significantly (P ≤ .05) higher than ‘Atlantic’, ‘Price’, ‘Callao’, ‘Nomini’, and ‘Wysor’. Average grain volume weight of SB255 (60.8 kg hL–1) was similar to Secretariat and Price but exceeded (P ≤ 0.05) those of Thoroughbred, Atlantic, Callao, Nomini, and Wysor. Head emergence of SB255 was similar to Thoroughbred and 2–5 d later than winter feed barley cultivars Secretariat, Atlantic, Price, Callao, and Nomini. SB255 was developed primarily as a feed barley cultivar. It provides barley producers and end users in the eastern United States with a high‐grain‐yielding cultivar having good to moderate resistance to all diseases prevalent in the eastern United States, including Fusarium head blight (FHB), and also lower deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation in the grain.
Registration of USDA‐N6005 germplasm combining high yield, elevated protein, and 25% pedigree from Japanese cultivar Tamahikari
Authors: Mian M. A. Rouf , McNeece Brant T. , Gillen Anne M. , Carter, Thomas E. , Bagherzadi Laleh 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUSDA‐N6005 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (Reg. no. GP‐442, PI 696388), is an F5–derived early maturity group (MG) VI germplasm jointly released by the USDA–ARS and North Carolina Agricultural Research Service in January 2021. USDA‐N6005 is a genetically diverse germplasm with 25% of its pedigree from Japanese cultivar Tamahikari and has high yield potential coupled with elevated seed and meal protein content. USDA‐N6005 is the first MG VI release derived from Tamahikari. In the USDA Uniform Tests–Southern States during 2017–2018, USDA‐N6005 yielded 102, 103, and 102% of the check cultivars NC‐Dunphy, NC‐Dilday, and NC‐Roy, respectively. It had significantly better lodging resistance (1.5) than NC‐Roy and NC‐Dilday (2.6 and 2.5, respectively). The seed protein content on a dry basis of USDA‐N6005 (424 g kg–1) was significantly higher than that of NC‐Dunphy and NC‐Dilday (392 and 383 g kg–1, respectively). The estimated meal protein content (49.0%) of USDA‐N6005 was significantly higher than that of NC‐Dunphy and NC‐Dilday (46.2 and 45.5%, respectively). Across the five environments of the 2016 USDA Preliminary Tests–Southern States, USDA‐N6005 yielded 100 and 102% of check cultivars AG6534 and NC‐Roy, respectively. This release should help to reverse the declining trend in genetic diversity and seed protein of U.S. soybean cultivars without negative impact on seed yield.
Prospects for rambutan peel extract as natural antioxidant on the aging properties of vulcanized natural rubber
Authors: Sukatta Udomlak , Rugthaworn Prapassorn , Seangyen Wichudaporn , Tantaterdtam Rattana , Smitthipong Wirasak , Chollakup Rungsima 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNatural rubber (NR) is sensitive to oxidative degradation, which needs to add commercial antioxidant for NR compounding to improve its aging properties. The aim of this study is to apply natural antioxidant obtained from extracted rambutan peel powder (RE) by methanol compared to commercial antioxidants for NR compounding in a conventional vulcanization (CV system). Two types of commercial antioxidants were N‐(1,3‐dimethylbutyl)‐N'phenyl‐p‐phenylenediamine (6PPD) and 2,2,4‐Trimethyl‐1,2dihydroquinoline (TMQ). The main phenolic compounds in RE were geraniin, corilagin, ellagic acid and gallic acid which had greater antioxidant activity based on all methods, especially for 2,2‐Diphenyl‐2‐picrlhydrazyl radical‐scavenging assay (DPPH) and had a similar antioxidant activity to 6PPD. The antioxidants were applied in NR vulcanizates at 1 phr and 2 phr to study their physical and mechanical properties. The decomposition temperature of RE was higher than for 6PPD but similar to TMQ. The decomposition temperature of the rubber vulcanizates containing RE was higher than for the commercial antioxidants. Rubber vulcanizates with RE retained similar tensile strength and modulus at 100% strain as the commercial antioxidants. Furthermore, the addition of RE in rubber vulcanizates helped to resist thermal aging at 70°C and ozone aging, particularly at 1 phr at least as well as in the commercial antioxidants. Therefore, RE can be used as an alternative natural antioxidant in natural rubber to replace commercial antioxidants.
Naringenin has an inhibitory effect on rivaroxaban in rats both in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Shi Hai‐Feng , Zhao Fang‐Ling , Chen Hao , Zhou Quan , Geng Pei‐Wu , Zhou Yun‐Fang , Wu Hua‐Lan , Chong Jia , Wang Fang , Dai Da‐Peng , Yang Jie‐Fu , Wang Shuang‐Hu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFood–drug interactions are reported to have some impacts on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of various oral drugs. To better understand the effects of naringenin, one natural product in many fruits, on the pharmacokinetics of rivaroxaban, drug–drug interactions (DDIs) between naringenin and rivaroxaban in vitro were investigated in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rat liver microsomes. For the DDIs in vivo, 12 male SD rats were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with six rats in each group. Rats in the experimental group were pre‐treated with naringenin (10 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks before the administration of rivaroxaban (10 mg/kg) by oral gavage, while the rats in the control group were given rivaroxaban (10 mg/kg) only once. The plasma concentration of rivaroxaban in rats was then measured by UPLC‐MS/MS. In vitro data indicated that naringenin could decrease the metabolic clearance rate of rivaroxaban with the IC50 value of 38.89 μM, and exhibited a mixed inhibition to rivaroxaban (Ki =54.91 μM, aKi =73.33 μM, a = 0.74). In vivo data in rats revealed that as compared with that of the control group, the AUC(0–t) value of rats in the experimental group was increased from 2406.28 ± 519.69 μg/h/L to 4005.04 ± 1172.76 μg/h/L, the Cmax value was increased from 310.23 ± 85.76 μg/L to 508.71 ± 152.48 μg/L, and the Vz/F and CLz/F were decreased from 23.03 ± 4.81 L/kg to 16.2 ± 8.42 L/kg, 4.26 ± 0.91 L/h/kg to 2.57 ± 0.73 L/h/kg, respectively. These data indicated that naringenin had an inhibitory effect on the pharmacokinetics of rivaroxaban in rats, suggesting that the DDIs between naringenin and rivaroxaban might occur when they were co‐administered in the clinic.
Quantum Embedded Superstates
Authors: Nefedkin Nikita , Alù Andrea , Krasnok Alex 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOptical supercavity modes (superstates), i.e., hybrid modes emerging from the strong coupling of two modes of an open cavity, can support ultranarrow lines in their scattering spectra associated with quasi bound states in the continuum (quasi‐BIC). These modes are of great interest for sensing applications as they enable compact systems with unprecedented sensitivity. However, classical quasi‐BIC sensors are fundamentally limited by the shot‐noise limit, which may be overcome in quantum sensors. Here, it is shown that a three‐level quantum system (e.g., atom, quantum dot, superconducting qubit) can be tailored to support the quantum analog of superstates with an unboundedly narrow emission line. Remarkably, it is demonstrated that the coupling of such a system with a cavity (e.g., plasmonic or dielectric nanoparticle, microcavity, microwave resonator) enables sensing properties with excellent statistical features. The results can be applied to a plethora of quantum platforms, from superconducting circuits to cold atoms and quantum dots, opening exciting opportunities for quantum sensing and computing.
Machine learning to detect marine animals in UAV imagery: effect of morphology, spacing, behaviour and habitat
Authors: Dujon Antoine M. , Ierodiaconou Daniel , Geeson Johanna J. , Arnould John P. Y. , Allan Blake M. , Katselidis Kostas A. , Schofield Gail 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMachine learning algorithms are being increasingly used to process large volumes of wildlife imagery data from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs); however, suitable algorithms to monitor multiple species are required to enhance efficiency. Here, we developed a machine learning algorithm using a low‐cost computer. We trained a convolutional neural network and tested its performance in: (1) distinguishing focal organisms of three marine taxa (Australian fur seals, loggerhead sea turtles and Australasian gannets; body size ranges: 0.8–2.5 m, 0.6–1.0 m, and 0.8–0.9 m, respectively); and (2) simultaneously delineating the fine‐scale movement trajectories of multiple sea turtles at a fish cleaning station. For all species, the algorithm performed best at detecting individuals of similar body length, displaying consistent behaviour or occupying uniform habitat (proportion of individuals detected, or recall of 0.94, 0.79 and 0.75 for gannets, seals and turtles, respectively). For gannets, performance was impacted by spacing (huddling pairs with offspring) and behaviour (resting vs. flying shapes, overall precision: 0.74). For seals, accuracy was impacted by morphology (sexual dimorphism and pups), spacing (huddling and creches) and habitat complexity (seal sized boulders) (overall precision: 0.27). For sea turtles, performance was impacted by habitat complexity, position in water column, spacing, behaviour (interacting individuals) and turbidity (overall precision: 0.24); body size variation had no impact. For sea turtle trajectories, locations were estimated with a relative positioning error of <50 cm. In conclusion, we demonstrate that, while the same machine learning algorithm can be used to survey multiple species, no single algorithm captures all components optimally within a given site. We recommend that, rather than attempting to fully automate detection of UAV imagery data, semi‐automation is implemented (i.e. part automated and part manual, as commonly practised for photo‐identification). Approaches to enhance the efficiency of manual detection are required in parallel to the development of effective implementation of machine learning algorithms.
Low‐complexity detection method based on channel matrix periodic N‐diagonal equivalence for uplink MU‐MIMO of multi‐beam satellite communication systems
Authors: Zhu Feng , Ba Teer , Zhang Yuan , Gao Xiqi , Zhai Shenghua , Gong Xianfeng 
Published: May 2021

SummaryIn this paper, a low‐complexity detection method for uplink Multi‐User Multiple‐Input Multiple‐Output (MU‐MIMO) of multi‐beam satellite communication systems is studied. Firstly, we derive the uplink receiving system model and give the beam‐domain channel expression. Utilizing the characteristics of energy concentration of uplink channel in beam domain, we propose that the channel matrix can be equivalent to periodic N‐diagonal matrix, which can reduce the number of channel estimations and reduce the computational complexity of detection. Then, based on the beam‐domain channel matrix equivalent model, two low‐complexity minimum mean square error (MMSE) detection methods are proposed to reduce the computational complexity of traditional MMSE detection from
to O(K). Simulation results show that the proposed methods have limited performance loss compared with the traditional methods.
On the vanishing of Love numbers for Kerr black holes
Authors: Charalambous Panagiotis , Dubovsky Sergei , Ivanov Mikhail M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
It was shown recently that the static tidal response coefficients, called Love numbers, vanish identically for Kerr black holes in four dimensions. In this work, we confirm this result and extend it to the case of spin-0 and spin-1 perturbations. We compute the static response of Kerr black holes to scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational fields at all orders in black hole spin. We use the unambiguous and gauge-invariant definition of Love numbers and their spin-0 and spin-1 analogs as Wilson coefficients of the point particle effective field theory. This definition also allows one to clearly distinguish between conservative and dissipative response contributions. We demonstrate that the behavior of Kerr black hole responses to spin-0 and spin-1 fields is very similar to that of the spin-2 perturbations. In particular, static conservative responses vanish identically for spinning black holes. This implies that vanishing Love numbers are a generic property of black holes in four-dimensional general relativity. We also show that the dissipative part of the response does not vanish even for static perturbations due to frame-dragging.
Calibration to FX triangles of the 4/2 model under the benchmark approach
Authors: Gnoatto Alessandro , Grasselli Martino , Platen Eckhard 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe calibrate a novel multifactor stochastic volatility model that includes as special cases the Heston-based model of De Col et al. (J Bank Finance 37(10):3799–3818, 2013) and the 3/2-based model of Baldeaux et al. (J Bank Finance 53:34–48, 2015). Using a dataset on vanilla option quotes in a triangle of currencies, we find that the risk neutral approach typically fails for the calibrated model, in line with the results of Baldeaux et al. (2015).
Structural, Functional, and Metabolic Brain Differences as a Function of Gender Identity or Sexual Orientation: A Systematic Review of the Human Neuroimaging Literature
Authors: Frigerio Alberto , Ballerini Lucia , Valdés Hernández Maria 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis review systematically explored structural, functional, and metabolic features of the cisgender brain compared with the transgender brain before hormonal treatment and the heterosexual brain compared to the homosexual brain from the analysis of the neuroimaging literature up to 2018, and identified and discussed subsequent studies published up to March 2021. Our main aim was to help identifying neuroradiological brain features that have been related to human sexuality to contribute to the understanding of the biological elements involved in gender identity and sexual orientation. We analyzed 39 studies on gender identity and 24 on sexual orientation. Our results suggest that some neuroanatomical, neurophysiological, and neurometabolic features in transgender individuals resemble those of their experienced gender despite the majority resembling those from their natal sex. In homosexual individuals the majority resemble those of their same-sex heterosexual population rather than their opposite-sex heterosexual population. However, it is always difficult to interpret findings with noninvasive neuroimaging. Given the gross nature of these measures, it is possible that more differences too subtle to measure with available tools yet contributing to gender identity and sexual orientation could be found. Conflicting results contributed to the difficulty of identifying specific brain features which consistently differ between cisgender and transgender or between heterosexual and homosexual groups. The small number of studies, the small-to-moderate sample size of each study, and the heterogeneity of the investigations made it impossible to meta-analyze all the data extracted. Further studies are necessary to increase the understanding of the neurological substrates of human sexuality.
A holistic framework integrating plant-microbe-mineral regulation of soil bioavailable nitrogen
Authors: Daly Amanda B. , Jilling Andrea , Bowles Timothy M. , Buchkowski Robert W. , Frey Serita D. , Kallenbach Cynthia M. , Keiluweit Marco , Mooshammer Maria , Schimel Joshua P. , Grandy A. Stuart 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSoil organic nitrogen (N) is a critical resource for plants and microbes, but the processes that govern its cycle are not well-described. To promote a holistic understanding of soil N dynamics, we need an integrated model that links soil organic matter (SOM) cycling to bioavailable N in both unmanaged and managed landscapes, including agroecosystems. We present a framework that unifies recent conceptual advances in our understanding of three critical steps in bioavailable N cycling: organic N (ON) depolymerization and solubilization; bioavailable N sorption and desorption on mineral surfaces; and microbial ON turnover including assimilation, mineralization, and the recycling of microbial products. Consideration of the balance between these processes provides insight into the sources, sinks, and flux rates of bioavailable N. By accounting for interactions among the biological, physical, and chemical controls over ON and its availability to plants and microbes, our conceptual model unifies complex mechanisms of ON transformation in a concrete conceptual framework that is amenable to experimental testing and translates into ideas for new management practices. This framework will allow researchers and practitioners to use common measurements of particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) to design strategic organic N-cycle interventions that optimize ecosystem productivity and minimize environmental N loss.