bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiological and Surgical Assessment of Proximity of Roots of Mandibular Third Molar to the Inferior Alveolar Canal in Impacted Teeth
Authors: Bandiwadekar Tushar K. , Tauro David P. , Malagi Sachin K. , Dubey Abhinav , Advait Kolla , Bhatt Sumit 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective:
A mandibular canal around the lower third molar roots house the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). There is a risk of nerve injury during surgical tooth extraction.

Methods:
The College of Dental Sciences at Davangere’s Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery served as the outpatient setting for this investigation. The study comprised one hundred participants who were going to have their mandibular third molars surgically extracted. The risk of IAN injury was evaluated by comparing the radiographic findings from preoperative orthopantomography and intraoral periapical radiographs with intraoperative observations.

Results:
The study revealed that the patient’s age did not have a significant correlation with the risk of nerve injury. However, cases involving bony impactions were found to have a higher risk of IAN damage. Additionally, mesioangular impactions and radiographic indicators, such as root deflection, were associated with an elevated risk of nerve injury.

Conclusion:
To reduce the risk of IAN injury during the extraction of mandibular third molars, it is essential to have a detailed understanding of the relevant anatomical features and to plan the surgical procedure meticulously.
Fracture Susceptibility in Non-Vital Apex Teeth Following Various Modified Apexification Procedure – An In Vitro Study
Authors: Nagaraj NJ , Sikarwar Peyush Pratap Singh , Jena Debkant , Gangwal Rini , Mohanty Ipsita , Rizvi Adnan Haider 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Objective:
The purpose of this research was to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of juvenile teeth that were simulated and strengthened with two different root canal backfilling combinations (gutta-percha/AH26) and biodentine (BD) as apical barriers.

Materials:
Five groups (n = 10) of removed human maxillary incisors were randomly assigned. There was no instrumentation of the positive control group. To replicate juvenile teeth, coronal access was established for the other groups, and root canals were instrumented using the ProTaper up to F5. Six Peeso reamers were then permitted to pass 1 mm beyond the apex to size 6 (1.7 mm). Either mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) or BD apical barrier was used to fill the top 4 mm of their root canals, and either gutta-percha or AH26 obturation combination was used as the backfill. Coronal access cavities were restored using composite resin. Universal testing equipment was used to record the maximum load required for each tooth to fracture. Analysis of variance was used to examine the data.

Results:
Compared to the negative control groups, the non-instrumented Group I had the greatest fracture resistance and varied considerably (P < 0.05). In contrast, regardless of the backfilling combination, there was no discernible difference between the BD and MTA groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
In terms of resistance to root fracture, there was no difference between the backfilling combination and the MTA and BD apical barriers.
Integration of simulation-based medical education: Student satisfaction and self-confidence at Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Yassin Abuobaida 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Simulation-based medical education (SBME) involves using techniques to replicate real scenarios that health profession students will encounter in the clinical areas.

Aims:
This research aimed to investigate medical student experiences before and after integrating SBME in the internal medicine clerkship courses at the Faculty of Medicine (FOM), Jazan University (JU), Saudi Arabia (SA).

Settings and Design:
This quasi-experimental design was based on the NLN Jeffries Nursing Education Simulation Framework, which was conducted among medical students at the FOM at JU, SA.

Subjects and Methods:
Data were gathered through validated questionnaires aligned with the chosen framework: the Educational Practices Questionnaire, the Simulation Design Scale, and the Self-Confidence in Learning Questionnaire. These instruments were translated into Arabic and circulated among 532 medical students enrolled in the internal medicine clerkship courses.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data collected from Google Forms underwent analysis using These data had been entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 24.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Frequencies and means were computed for descriptive statistics, and relationships, as well as predictions for student satisfaction and self-confidence, were evaluated through Chi-square tests and multiple regression.

Results:
A total of 433 students participated, representing an 81.4% response rate. The participants displayed a balanced gender distribution (46.3% being male and 53.7% female). The academic distribution among the participants was diverse, with 38.2% in their 4th year, 34.5% in their 5th year, and 27.3% in their 6th year. A majority of the students (72.9%) exhibited a cumulative grade point average indicative of very good performance. Following the intervention, notable enhancements were observed in simulation design and educational practices. Mean scores for objectives and support experienced a significant increase (P < 0.05). Students’ satisfaction with their learning significantly rose (P = 0.027); however, improvements in self-confidence were not statistically significant. Moreover, the predictors of satisfaction underscored the significance of diverse learning methodologies and clear objectives. The importance of feedback mechanisms for improving satisfaction and self-confidence became apparent, suggesting that customized educational strategies could optimize the advantages of SBME.

Conclusions:
The current study emphasizes significant enhancements in student contentment and teaching methods after the intervention, emphasizing the value of varied learning approaches. Although the increase in self-confidence was not statistically notable, personalized feedback mechanisms are crucial for improving student experiences in medical education based on simulation. Tailored strategies can optimize educational advantages.
Exploring mothers’ knowledge and practices of colostrum feeding in the Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mustafa Mai , Jareebi Mohammad A. , Hakami Hanin Adeeb , Jadah Abdulmajeed Ali , Alkorbi Bashayer Naji , Kuriri Ramah Mohammad , Madkhali Hamed Yahya , Shok Sarah Hadi , Ayyashi Norah Mohammed , Aljudayba Reham , Abdalla Leena 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Colostrum is the first milk produced by a mother’s mammary glands, occurring before birth and lasting 2–4 days after delivery. It is crucial for newborn health because it provides immunoglobulins and essential nutrients. However, many misconceptions and a lack of knowledge about colostrum and its properties exist.

Aim:
This study assessed mothers’ knowledge and practices regarding colostrum feeding to improve local health interventions.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 330 mothers from the Jazan region participated. They completed an online self-administered questionnaire providing demographic information and information about their knowledge and practices regarding colostrum collection.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The data were analyzed using SPSS, utilizing Chi-square tests and descriptive statistics.

Results:
The study showed that 87.9% of mothers had good knowledge of colostrum. Having five or more children and receiving prenatal and postpartum education were linked to better understanding. Of the 330 participants, 85.8% practiced colostrum feeding, 80.6% of whom understood that it should start within an hour of birth. The primary sources of information about colostrum were relatives (32.4%) and health practitioners (25.2%).

Conclusions:
This study revealed that mothers in the Jazan region have high knowledge of and good practices related to colostrum feeding. They mainly receive information about colostrum from relatives. These findings highlight the importance of continuing education programs for mothers with one or two children and those without prior education about colostrum feeding. Maintaining prenatal and postnatal educational programs about colostrum feeding is recommended, and further research is needed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of these educational interventions.
Living with bipolar disorder: A study of the lived experience of Saudi employees diagnosed with bipolar disorder in the workplace
Authors: Alzahrani Hessah 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a mental health condition characterized by significant mood swings. These mood fluctuations can profoundly impact various aspects of an individual’s life, including their work functions. Despite the critical nature of understanding how BD affects workplace dynamics, there is a notable lack of research focusing on this area, especially within the context of Saudi Arabia. This gap in literature underscores the need for a detailed exploration of the experiences of Saudi employees living with BD.

Aims:
The primary goal of this study is to delve into the lived experiences of Saudi employees diagnosed with BD, focusing on the challenges they face in the workplace. By doing so, the study aims to provide a deeper understanding of how BD symptoms affect work performance, workplace relationships, and overall job satisfaction.

Settings and Design:
This qualitative study is set in Saudi Arabia, targeting employees diagnosed with BD. The design focuses on capturing the unique experiences and perspectives of individuals through semi-structured interviews, aiming to uncover the nuanced ways in which BD influences their work life.

Materials and Methods:
Fifteen participants aged between 24 and 48 years, diagnosed with BD, were selected for semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the interview data, following the phases defined by Braun and Clarke, which include transcription, familiarization, coding, generating themes, reviewing themes, defining and labeling themes, and concluding the analysis.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Not applicable, as this study employs a qualitative research methodology, focusing on thematic analysis rather than quantitative statistical analysis.

Results:
Four main themes emerged from the analysis: The impact of BD symptoms on work performance and workplace relationships, stigma associated with BD in the workplace, the nature of work and its influence on BD symptoms, and strategies employed by individuals to manage their BD symptoms at work. Participants highlighted the importance of flexibility in work hours and the physical work environment, as well as the challenges faced during depressive episodes, particularly in occupations demanding high cognitive skills.

Conclusions:
The study reveals a complex interplay between the symptoms of BD and the workplace environment. It underscores the critical need for workplace flexibility and understanding to accommodate individuals with BD, aiming to enhance their productivity and maintain positive workplace relationships. Furthermore, the findings highlight the significance of addressing stigma and developing effective strategies for managing BD symptoms at work, contributing to a more inclusive and supportive work environment for individuals with BD.
Benign acute childhood myositis in Qassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; A retrospective study
Authors: Alkhalifah Yasir S. , Alghasham Yazeed A. , Jarikji Haitham M. , Naeem Ammara , Alzahrani Mansour S. , Sombi Hussein Omari 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Benign acute childhood myositis (BACM) is a rare muscle disorder generally encountered by middle school students. Severe calf pain, tenderness, and difficulty to walk are the clinical presentation of BACM cases.

Aims:
The objective of the study was to assess the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of BACM in the children diagnosed in the Qassim-Buraidah, Saudi Arabia.

Settings and Design:
This retrospective study was conducted in the Province of Qassim-Buraidah, Saudi Arabia.

Subjects and Methods:
BACM cases reported between January 2020 and January 2024 were included in the study. Demographical, clinical, and laboratory parameters were collected from medical records and analyzed.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data were statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS v. 23).

Results:
A total of 297 BACM cases were found and included in the study. The median age was 6 years which was varying between 1 and 13 years. Cough was the most common prodromal symptom. In the clinical symptoms, bilateral calf pain and calf tenderness were highly prevalent among males compared to females. In the laboratory findings, creatinine level was found to be disturbed in 3 (1.1%) patients, whereas C-reactive protein outside the normal range was found among 72.8% and creatine kinase (CPK) among 51.8%. Elevated CPK and leukopenia were found significantly high among males compared to females (P = 0.001) and (P = 0.036), respectively.

Conclusion:
In this study, prodromal and clinical symptoms were highly evident among males compared to females. Furthermore, some laboratory parameters were found to be outside normal ranges in males compared to females, pointing toward potential gender-specific differences in the manifestation of BACM. Further research focusing on these differences and whether they impact disease severity or outcome would be recommended.
Visual Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Used in Treating Lung Cancer Based on the Web of Science Database
Authors: Qin Fang-Fang , Zhang Cong-En , Gao Shan-Shan , Yu Ming-Wei , Wang Xiao-Min 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective:
We undertook a knowledge map-based visual analysis of the literature concerning the use of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treating lung cancer. By examining publications over the past three decades, we aimed to elucidate the current status of research, identify key areas of focus, and anticipate future trends in this field, thereby providing valuable insights for future scientific and clinical investigations.

Materials and Methods:
Using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software, a scientometric and visual analysis was conducted on literature from the Web of Science Core Collection Database spanning 1994–2023, focusing on TCM in the context of lung cancer treatment.

Results:
In total, 857 publications were included. The volume of publications from 1994 to 2023 followed an exponential function y = 0.8837e0.2335x, with an average annual publication rate of 28.6 articles, indicating a growing interest in this field. China emerged as the most prolific contributor, accounting for approximately 92.88% of the total literature. Shanghai University of TCM was the leading institution, contributing approximately 8.63% of the total publications, with Ling Xu being the most prolific author, representing approximately 1.98%. There are notable collaborative relationships among different countries, institutions, and authors that need to be maintained and nurtured. The journal with the highest publication volume was Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, which accounted for approximately 6.18% of the total literature. The most cited journal was The Journal of Ethnopharmacology, whereas the CA-A Cancer Journal for Clinicians had the most significant impact in 2023 (Impact Factor 254.700). The most cited publication was “Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries,” and the paper with the highest centrality was “Pilot study of huachansu in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, nonsmall-cell lung cancer, or pancreatic cancer.” Key research hotspots mainly focus on the quality of life for lung cancer patients treated with TCM, NSCLC, apoptosis, metastasis, and exploration of the anti-cancer mechanisms of TCM. Research has mainly focused on exploring the potential mechanisms of TCM in the treatment of lung cancer through approaches such as network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Conclusions:
This study provides an in-depth and comprehensive perspective on the use of TCM for the treatment of lung cancer. We identified the current status, research hotspots, and emerging trends in this field, thereby offering invaluable information to researchers.
Diagnostic implications of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic immune-inflammatory index for gastric carcinoma
Authors: Wu Huang-Min , Ying Xiao-Xuan , Lv Li-Li , Hu Jian-Wen 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
The diagnosis of gastric carcinoma (GC) is essential for improving clinical outcomes. However, the biomarkers currently used for GC screening are not ideal.
AIM
To explore the diagnostic implications of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) for GC.
METHODS
The baseline data of 133 patients with GC and 134 patients with precancerous gastric conditions admitted between January 2022 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The information on peripheral blood platelet, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts in each patient was collected, and the NLR, PLR, and SII levels of both groups were calculated. Additionally, multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted, and the diagnostic implications of NLR, PLR, and SII in differentiating patients with precancerous gastric conditions, compared with those with GC, were analyzed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
RESULTS
The data indicated that NLR, PLR, and SII had abnormally increased levels in the patients with GC. Gender and body mass index were risk factors for the occurrence of GC. ROC data revealed that the areas under the curve of three patients with precancerous gastric conditions, who were differentiated from those with GC, were 0.824, 0.787, and 0.842, respectively.
CONCLUSION
NLR, PLR, and SII are all abnormally expressed in GC and have diagnostic implications, especially when used as joint indicators, in distinguishing patients with precancerous gastric conditions from those with GC.
Influence factors of clinical effects on patients with early gastric cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Yong-Hua , Ma Chao , Huang Xiao-Mei , Liu Yang 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
Identifying factors that influence non-curative resection (NCR) is critical to optimize treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes in patients with early gastric cancer (EGC).
AIM
To investigate the factors influencing the NCR of EGC and to evaluate the predictive value of these factors.
METHODS
The clinical data of 173 patients with EGC admitted between July 2020 and July 2023 were retrospectively collected. According to radical resection criteria, the patients were further divided into curative resection group (n = 143) and NCR group (n = 30). Clinical information was collected, including surgical method, tumor diameter, tumor site, ulcer formation, depth of invasion, pathological type, and lymph node metastasis. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors affecting non-curable resection.
RESULTS
Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ulcer formation [odds ratio (OR) = 3.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.55-8.01, P = 0.003], pathological type (OR = 3.73; 95%CI: 1.60-8.74, P = 0.002), tumor diameter (OR = 3.15; 95%CI: 1.40-7.05, P = 0.005), tumor location (OR = 3.50; 95%CI: 1.16-10.58, P = 0.027), lymph node metastasis (OR = 4.40; 95%CI: 1.83-10.57, P = 0.001), and depth of penetration (OR = 3.75; 95%CI: 1.60-8.74, P = 0.002) were all risk factors for NCR in EGC patients. Predictive analysis showed varying area under the curve values for factors such as tumor diameter (0.636), tumor location (0.608), ulcer formation (0.652), infiltration depth (0.658), pathological type (0.656), and lymph node metastasis (0.674).
CONCLUSION
The results suggest that factors such as tumor diameter, tumor location, ulcer formation, depth of invasion, pathological type, and lymph node metastasis increase the risk of NCR in EGC patients.
Evaluating the predictive value of endoscopic findings for residual colorectal cancer following neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy
Authors: Li Yue-Gang , Han Cheng-Cheng , Zhuang Meng , Zhao Wei , Hu Gang , Qiu Wen-Long , Wang Xi-Shan , Tang Jian-Qiang 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
Endoscopy allows for the direct observation of primary tumor characteristics and responses after neoadjuvant treatment. However, reports on endoscopic evaluation following neoadjuvant immunotherapy remain limited.
AIM
To examine the predictive value of endoscopic findings of primary tumors for responses to neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
METHODS
This retrospective study, conducted at a tertiary center in China, evaluated 74 patients with colorectal cancer, including 17 with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) and 15 with proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) tumors. Patients underwent neoadjuvant immunotherapy followed by surgery. Endoscopic findings before and after neoadjuvant immunotherapy were reviewed and compared with the pathology of the resected specimens.
RESULTS
In the pMMR group (n = 57 evaluable patients), endoscopy identified 11/17 patients who achieved a complete response (CR), while misidentifying 1/40 patients with residual disease as CR (64.7% vs 2.5%, P < 0.01). Conversely, 22/40 patients with residual disease were accurately identified as achieving a partial response (PR), with 1/17 patients who achieved CR misclassified as PR (55.0% vs 5.9%, P < 0.01). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of endoscopic diagnosis for pathological CR were 64.7%, 97.5%, and 87.7%, respectively. In the dMMR cohort, endoscopy classified 9/17 patients as CR and 2 of the remaining patients with residual tumors as PR (64.3% vs 66.7%, P = 0.73). The method demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 82.4% accuracy in diagnosing pathological CR.
CONCLUSION
Endoscopic evidence of CR or PR was well correlated with postoperative pathological outcomes in the pMMR cohort. Despite endoscopic indications of tumor residue, a complete pathological response post-surgery was possible in the dMMR cohort.