bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qualitative Assessment of Cyber Risk Exposures in India
Authors: Doss Steward , Narasimhan Raveendran 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIncreased dependency on technology and data usage has simultaneously enhanced the risk exposures and vulnerabilities of organizations globally. This paper investigates this issue in India by analyzing the survey-based data we collect and provides a framework for qualitative assessment of cyber risks. The paper uses the Structural Equation Model (SEM) to validate the conceptual cyber-risk model that we have developed using the key-risk factors, such as the level of awareness, perceived risk likelihood, level of cyber-security, and cyber-risk exposures. The study results show that the risk vulnerability and the perceived risk likelihood have a positive impact on risk exposure, while risk awareness, cybersecurity, and control measures have a negative relationship. This study also identifies the causal factors among the exposures and the findings can help organizations prioritize their cybersecurity protection investments and caution insurers to take necessary mitigation measures for effective cyber-risk management and financing for their clients.
Design and Evaluation of a Novel Instrument Gripper for Handling of Surgical Instruments
Authors: Heibeyn Jan , König Nils , Domnik Nadine , Schweizer Matthias , Kinzius Max , Janß Armin , Radermacher Klaus 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Contaminated surgical instruments are manually prepared for cleaning and disinfection in the reprocessing unit for medical devices (RUMED). Manual labour exposes staff to the risk of infection and is particularly stressful at peak times due to the large volume of instruments. Partial automation of processes by a robot could provide a solution but requires a gripper that can handle the variety of surgical instruments. This paper describes the development and first evaluation of an instrument gripper. Methods: First, an analysis of gripping geometries on basic surgical instruments is carried out. Based on the identified common features and a review of the state of the art of gripper technology, the SteriRob gripper concept is developed. The concept is compared with a force closure gripper in a series of tests using seven criteria. Results: Both gripping approaches investigated can be used for handling surgical instruments in a pick-and-place process. However, the SteriRob gripper can transmit significantly higher acting forces and torques. In addition, the gripping process is more robust against deviations from the expected instrument position. Conclusion: Overall, it has been shown that the developed instrument gripper is suitable for about 60% of reusable surgical instruments due to the focus on horizontal cylindrical geometries. Because of the large possible force transmission, this gripping approach is particularly suitable for tasks in which the robot assists with cleaning processes.
Deep learning for guidewire detection in intravascular ultrasound images
Authors: Bargsten Lennart , Klisch Daniel , Riedl Katharina A. , Wissel Tobias , Brunner Fabian J. , Schaefers Klaus , Grass Michael , Blankenberg Stefan , Seiffert Moritz , Schlaefer Alexander 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Algorithms for automated analysis of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images can be disturbed by guidewires, which are often encountered when treating bifurcations in percutaneous coronary interventions. Detecting guidewires in advance can therefore help avoiding potential errors. This task is not trivial, since guidewires appear rather small compared to other relevant objects in IVUS images. We employed CNNs with additional multi-task learning as well as different guidewire-specific regularizations to enable and improve guidewire detection. In this context, we developed a network block which generates heatmaps that highlight guidewires without the need of localization annotations. The guidewire detection results reach values of 0.931 in terms of the F1-score and 0.996 in terms of area under curve (AUC). Comparing thresholded guidewire heatmaps with ground truth segmentation masks leads to a Dice score of 23.1 % and an average Hausdorff distance of 1.45 mm. Guidewire detection has proven to be a task that CNNs can handle quite well. Employing multi-task learning and guidewire-specific regularizations further improve detection results and enable generation of heatmaps that indicate the position of guidewires without actual labels.
Facile Testbed for Robotic X-ray based Endovascular Interventions
Authors: Karstensen Lennart , Pätz Torben , Mathis-Ullrich Franziska , Stallkamp Jan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Endovascular surgical robotics requires a facile and realistic testbed to validate control algorithms. This work compares methods to manufacture such a testbed. Utilizing animal tissue, a mannequin, and a low-voltage flow pump it is possible to perform catheter-based interventions with X-ray feedback for less than €300. The aim of this paper is to lower the entry hurdle for validating endovascular surgical robots by providing a method to build a facile and low-budget testbed.
Sequential U-Net Architecture for Automatic Femoral Artery Segmentation in Ultrasound Images
Authors: Estrada Lugo Ana , Bockelmann Niclas , Haxthausen Felix von 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This work compares three different approaches to automatically segment the femoral artery from 2D ultrasound images. Two of the architectures follow a sequential structure, where each ultrasound image is considered a slice of the whole vessel volume, and its previous segmentation result will be part of the input, thus leading to a spatial prior. The Dice score on test data show a better performance on the baseline U-Net (0.819) compared to the sequential U-Net approaches (0.633, 0.725) for the femoral artery segmentation. This could be attributed to the misalignment of the slices being used in those networks. A possible improvement could be assumed in the implementation of a spatially calibrated and tracked ultrasound probe. Overall, these results indicate promising approaches for an automatic segmentation of the femoral artery using 2D ultrasound data.
Progress and Prospects: Sino-Russian Strategic Coordination in Multilateral Mechanisms
Authors: Sun Zhuangzhi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
As China and Russia face a complex international and neighborhood environment with many uncertainties and real security threats, it is of special significance to strengthen cooperation within the multilateral framework at the regional and higher level, including leading the establishment of new regional cooperation mechanisms such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). China and Russia are interacting in global and regional frameworks such as the United Nations (U.N.), BRICS, G20, APEC, and the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia, and jointly promoting cooperation between the Belt and Road Initiative and the Eurasian Economic Union. All of these add more connotations and richer levels of cooperation in the Sino-Russian comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination in the new era. The two countries share the same or similar views on many international and regional issues and have extensive common interests in security, economic and political fields, which is an important prerequisite and basis for multilateral cooperation. There are inevitable differences between the two major powers in goals on regional issues, yet those differences haven’t become substantial obstacles to multilateral cooperation. Looking forward, with the complex changes in the international situation, especially in the post-pandemic era when there will be significant adjustments in the economic, political and security landscape, close cooperation between China and Russia within multilateral mechanisms can play an increasingly important role in improving the global and regional governance system, maintaining multilateralism and steering the international landscape in a more just and rational direction.
Collisions and incidence of vertices and components in the graph ofk-fold iteration of the uniform random mapping
Authors: Mironkin Vladimir O. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe probabilistic characteristics of the graph ofk-fold iteration of uniform random mapping are studied. Formulas for the distribution of the length of the aperiodicity segment of an arbitrary vertex with some restrictions are calculated. We obtain exact expressions for the probabilities that two arbitrary vertices belong to the same connected component, that an arbitrary vertex belongs to the preimage set of another vertex and that there exists a collision in the considered graph.
Toward rainfall prediction by machine learning in Perfume River Basin, Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam
Authors: Giang Nguyen Hong , Wang YuRen , Hieu Tran Dinh , Tho Quan Thanh , Phuong Le Anh , Tu Do Hoang Ngo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study examines rainfall forecasting for the Perfume (Huong) River basin using the machine learning method. To be precise, statistical measurement indicators are deployed to evaluate the reliability of the actual accumulated data. At the same time, this study applied and compared two popular models of multi-layer perceptron and the k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) with different configurations. The calculated rainfall data are obtained from the Hue, Aluoi, and Namdong hydrological stations, where the rainfall demonstrated a giant impact on the downstream from 1980 to 2018. This study result shows that both models, once fine-tuned properly, enjoyed the performance with standard metrics of R_squared, mean absolute error, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency, and root-mean-square error. In particular, once Adam stochastic is deployed, the implementation of the MLP model is significantly improving. The promising forecast results encourage us to consider applying these models with future data to help natural disaster non-stop mitigation in the Perfume River basin.
Switched coupled system of nonlinear impulsive Langevin equations involving Hilfer fractional-order derivatives
Authors: Rizwan Rizwan , Zada Akbar , Waheed Hira , Riaz Usman 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this manuscript, switched coupled system of nonlinear impulsive Langevin equations involving four Hilfer fractional-order derivatives is considered. Using the techniques of nonlinear functional analysis, we establish appropriate conditions and results to discuss the existence, uniqueness, and Ulam’s type stability results of our proposed model, with the help of Schaefer’s fixed point theorem. An example is provided at the end to illustrate our results.
Numerical solutions for variable-order fractional Gross–Pitaevskii equation with two spectral collocation approaches
Authors: Doha Eid H. , Abdelkawy Mohamed A. , Amin Ahmed Z. M. , Lopes António M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper addresses the numerical solution of multi-dimensional variable-order fractional Gross–Pitaevskii equations (VOF-GPEs) with initial and boundary conditions. A new scheme is proposed based on the fully shifted fractional Jacobi collocation method and adopting two independent approaches: (i) the discretization of the space variable and (ii) the discretization of the time variable. A complete theoretical formulation is presented and numerical examples are given to illustrate the performance and efficiency of the new algorithm. The superiority of the scheme to tackle VOF-GPEs is revealed, even when dealing with nonsmooth time solutions.
Error analysis for a vorticity/Bernoulli pressure formulation for the Oseen equations
Authors: Anaya Verónica , Mora David , Pani Amiya K. , Ruiz-Baier Ricardo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A variational formulation is analysed for the Oseen equations written in terms of vorticity and Bernoulli pressure. The velocity is fully decoupled using the momentum balance equation, and it is later recovered by a post-process. A finite element method is also proposed, consisting in equal-order Nédélec finite elements and piecewise continuous polynomials for the vorticity and the Bernoulli pressure, respectively. The a priori error analysis is carried out in the L2-norm for vorticity, pressure, and velocity; under a smallness assumption either on the convecting velocity, or on the mesh parameter. Furthermore, an a posteriori error estimator is designed and its robustness and efficiency are studied using weighted norms. Finally, a set of numerical examples in 2D and 3D is given, where the error indicator serves to guide adaptive mesh refinement. These tests illustrate the behaviour of the new formulation in typical flow conditions, and also confirm the theoretical findings.
Reproductive genetic screening for information: evolving paradigms?
Authors: Leonard Samantha J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Reproductive genetic screening has introduced the possibility for pregnant women to learn, during the pregnancy or sometimes earlier, about the likelihood of their baby being affected with certain genetic conditions. As medicine progresses, the options afforded by this early information have expanded. This has led to a shifting paradigm in prenatal screening, wherein the early knowledge is seen as useful not solely for its inherent value to the pregnant woman, but also as enabling an expansion of conditions whose identification may allow early intervention and clinical impact. This article discusses this paradigm against the backdrop of prenatal genetic screening that is available today.
Comparison of single- and triple-port VATS for lung cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Yunfei , Abulimiti Abulaiti , He Dan , Ran Anpeng , Luo Dongbo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
To compare the perioperative parameters between single- and triple-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy in the treatment of lung cancer.

Methods
The Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, and the Web of Science databases were electronically searched from inception to September 2019 for all relevant studies. Study quality was evaluated using the Jadad scale or the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The results were pooled using the generic inverse-variance method and expressed as mean differences or risk ratios, with 95% confidence intervals.

Results
Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and ten cohort studies with 2,278 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. Whether based on RCTs or cohort studies, the pooled results showed no significant difference in the operation time, chest tube duration, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stays, lymph node dissection number, postoperative drainage volume, and postoperative complications between single- and triple-port VATS lobectomy (P > 0.05). Single-port VATS could relieve postoperative pain better than triple-port VATS, especially in the first day and fifth day (P < 0.05). No evidence of significant publication bias was found (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
Single-port VATS lobectomy can yield similar perioperative results to those of triple-port VATS lobectomy and is more effective in relieving postoperative pain.
Wide-field photothermal reflectance spectroscopy for single nanoparticle absorption spectrum analysis
Authors: Kim Jung-Dae , Kim Dong Uk , Jeong Chan Bae , Han Ilkyu , Bae Ji Yong , Hur Hwan , Nam Ki-Hwan , Hyun Sangwon , Kim I Jong , Lee Kye-Sung , Chang Ki Soo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Photothermal imaging is useful for detecting individual nanoparticles and obtaining the absorption spectra. This study presents a wide-field photothermal reflectance spectroscopy technique achieved by incorporating a pump beam, a probe beam, and a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera into a commercial microscopic setup. The presented design does not require precise alignment between the pump and the probe beams and enables the observation of numerous individual nanoparticles during image acquisition. Despite the use of a simple imaging processing method, i.e., a four-bucket method using a CCD camera, sufficient sensitivity for the spectral imaging of a single gold nanorod (20 nm diameter and 84 nm length) is demonstrated. Numerous individual nanoparticles within a wide field of view (240 μm × 180 μm) are detected in an image captures at an imaging measurement speed of 0.02 mm2 min−1. Furthermore, the proposed photothermal reflectance spectroscopy technique can detect the variation in the absorption peak of the measured spectra depending on the aspect ratio of individual nanoparticles within a spectral resolution of 1 nm.
Historical pigments, dyes and binders
Authors: Gärtner Magdalene 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Artistic creation has accompanied the development of mankind since the beginning. Color as the appearance of things perceptible with the eye is fundamental for the creative process. For the longest time in the past, the use of color was characterized by often very complex manufacturing processes that required the greatest inventiveness and complex knowledge of comprehensive interrelationships from the user. Existing knowledge was passed on and used again and again, but the basic color materials were always further developed and sensitively adapted to the differentiated areas of application and needs. Today, paint coats and, in some cases, extensive collections of recipes provide us with evidence and ideas about these processes in previous times. In this context, it is important to understand that paint recipes were treated like valuables and secrets in the past. The present overview offers insights into the world of historical pigments, dyes and binders. However, a complete overview is not possible at this point due to the diversity of sources, the individual work processes and the different application requirements.
Cuba y China enlazadas por un mismo ideal: su cultura
Authors: Jacomino Ruiz Alegna 
Published: August 2021

Resumen
El presente estudio devela los lazos culturales que unen a los pueblos de Cuba y China. Tomando por base las relaciones históricas que han mantenido ambas naciones y focalizando en particular en los similares posicionamientos ideológicos que comparten respecto a la cultura, se concluye que la cultura socialista constituye una prioridad central para las presidencias de ambos países, y un elemento de hermanamiento dinámico de ambos pueblos. En el año actual, 2021, se cumple el 60 aniversario de aquel memorable discurso pronunciado por Fidel Castro Ruz conocido como Palabras a los intelectuales, el cual sirvió de plataforma programática para la concepción definitiva de la Política Cultural Cubana que aún hoy se mantiene vigente. Llama la atención el hecho de que el presidente de China, Xi Jinping, evoque con vehemencia en sus discursos asuntos medulares para el futuro de la nación, de una manera que engarza armoniosa e indiscutiblemente, no solo con las pautas sentadas por Fidel Castro, sino con las prioridades que se plantea el actual presidente cubano Miguel Díaz-Canel para su gobierno. El conocimiento de estas coincidencias, ya sean necesarias o casuales, permitirá sin duda ayudar a desentrañar los ideales que identifican a cada una de estas culturas.
Verteidigung ist Pflicht – Deutschlands außenpolitische Kultur muss strategisch werden – Teil 1
Authors: Giegerich Bastian , Terhalle Maximilian 
Published: August 2021

KurzfassungDer Aufstieg oder Wiederaufstieg revisionistischer, repressiver und autoritärer Mächte bedroht die westliche, durch die USA garantierte internationale Ordnung, die den Aufstieg und die Sicherheit der Bundesrepublik Deutschlands nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg gewährleistet hat. Zu einem Zeitpunkt, wo die USA zunehmend durch den Aufstieg Chinas in Asien absorbiert sind (wobei ein Krieg zwischen China und den USA nicht ausgeschlossen werden kann), muss Europa in der Lage sein, sich im Rahmen der NATO gegen eine konventionelle Aggression Russlands weitgehend alleine zu verteidigen. Dabei sind substantielle Beiträge Deutschlands unersetzlich. Jahre der Vernachlässigung und der strukturellen Unterfinanzierung haben jedoch die deutschen Streitkräfte ausgehöhlt. Die politische Führung in Berlin tut sich schwer, diese neue Lage und die Dringlichkeit einer Neuausrichtung der deutschen Verteidigungspolitik zu akzeptieren.
Crystal structure of mechanochemically prepared Ag2FeGeS4
Authors: Heppke Eva M. , Mahadevan Shamini , Bredow Thomas , Lerch Martin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Ag2FeGeS4 was synthesized as a phase-pure and highly crystalline product by mechanochemical milling from the binary sulfides and iron metal, followed by annealing in H2S atmosphere. The structure evaluation was carried out using X-ray powder diffraction with subsequent Rietveld refinements. As Fe and Ge atoms are not distinguishable using conventional X-ray methods, the chalcopyrite-type structure (space group

I

4
‾

2
d

$I&#x203e;{4}2d$

), exhibiting a statistical distribution of Fe and Ge on Wyckoff position 4b, was considered. However, quantum-chemical calculations at hybrid density-functional level indicate that mechanochemically prepared Ag2FeGeS4 crystallizes in the kesterite-type structure (space group

I

4
‾

$I&#x203e;{4}$

) where the cations are arranged in an ordered way. Ag2FeGeS4 is a further example of a mechanochemically prepared compound differing structurally from the commonly known polymorph exhibiting the stannite type (solid-state route).
Profil intelektualny i jego zależności z bazowymi umiejętnościami numerycznymi u dzieci prawidłowo rozwijających się
Authors: Słupczewski Jakub , Mańkowska Katarzyna , Matulewski Jacek , Sobolewska Natalia , Szymańska Marta , Gut Małgorzata 
Published: August 2021

Cel badań: Istotne w rozwoju umiejętności numerycznych (m.in. porównywania liczb czy szacowania liczebności zbiorów) są takie funkcje poznawcze, jak m.in. pamięć i uwaga. Zaburzeniem związanym z trudnościami w nabywaniu podstawowych umiejętności arytmetycznych jest dyskalkulia. Znaczną część wskaźników poznawczych związanych z operowaniem materiałem numerycznym można oceniać używając Skali Inteligencji Wechslera dla Dzieci (WISC-R). Celem badania było sprawdzenie korelacji między poziomem inteligencji i poziomem bazowych umiejętności numerycznych.
Metody badań: Grupa 22 dzieci w wieku od 7 do 8 lat wzięła udział w badaniu, w którym sprawdzano związek między wysokością wyników uzyskanych w podskalach WISC-R oraz wykonaniem zadań, które pozwalają na pomiar bazowych umiejętności numerycznych – szacowania, porównywania liczb oraz operowania mentalną osią liczbową (w zakresie 1–9), mierzonych testem Prokalkulia 6-9.
Wyniki badań: Wyniki wykazały, że dzieci przejawiające większą trudność w szacowaniu miejsca liczb na osi mają również niższy iloraz inteligencji. Z poziomem wykonania takich zadań koreluje dodatnio m.in. poziom inteligencji słownej. Mniejsza dokładność w szacowaniu miejsca liczb na osi bez podziałki wiąże się z mniejszą liczbą punktów uzyskanych w podskali Arytmetyka, a związek ten dotyczy przede wszystkim liczb ze środka osi liczbowej (od 4 do 6). Wykonanie podskali Arytmetyka jest również tym, co koreluje najsilniej z poziomem bazowych umiejętności matematycznych. Badanie ujawniło też związek między liczbą punktów w podskali Powtarzanie Cyfr i wykonaniem części zadań testu Prokalkulia 6-9 – wyższy wynik w tej podskali wiąże się z lepszym szacowaniem liczebności zbioru oraz bardziej poprawnym porównywaniem liczb prezentowanych w różnych formatach.
Wnioski: Wyniki te sugerują, że umiejętności matematyczne korelują z niektórymi aspektami inteligencji (zwłaszcza z tymi wspierającymi zdolności wzrokowo-przestrzenne), a więc także wskazują na użyteczność WISC-R w procesie diagnozy dyskalkulii.