bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Low-investment Pachinko/pachislot in Reducing Gambling-related Harms: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Yokomitsu Kengo , Inoue Kazuya , Irie Tomonari 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Pachinko and pachislot are popular types of gambling activities in Japan. Prior studies in Japan have reported a concerning prevalence of gambling disorder among university students and adult players. While these studies have identified various gambling-related harms, Japanese research on harm-minimization strategies is scarce. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of low-investment pachinko and pachislot as a harm-reduction strategy. Methods: We also called gamblers who played for the normal amount as “normal-pachi players,” those who played pachinko and pachislot for half of the normal amount were called “half-pachi players,” and those who played for a quarter of the normal amount were called “quarter-pachi players.” To assess the effect of harm reduction, a one-way ANCOVA was conducted to compare the impact of the groups (normal-pachi players [n= 101], half-pachi players [n= 104], and quarter-pachi players [n= 100]) on dependent variables, namely the number of days players had gambled during the prior month, the total time and amount of money spent on gambling, debts caused by gambling, gambling severity, cognitive distortion, depressive symptoms, and disability. Results: We demonstrated that the amount of money spent by quarter-pachi players on gambling during the past month was lower than that of normal-pachi players. However, we did not find significant differences with respect to any other gambling-related harms among normal-, half-, and quarter-pachi players. Conclusion: Low-investment pachinko and pachislot can reduce the amount of money spent on gambling. It can thus partly act as a harm-minimization strategy. Moreover, the results of present study indicate that the level of disability at work affects various outcomes for gamblers. Given that 90% of the participants in this study were employed, the results of this study may have important implications for employed gamblers. Interventions should be devised to reduce work-related disabilities among employed adults with a gambling disorder.
Accuracy of Analytical Models to Predict Primary and Secondary System Response in Seismically Isolated Buildings
Authors: Ipek Cengiz , Wolff Eric D. , Constantinou Michael C. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Seismic isolation is generally considered an effective earthquake protection strategy. As application of seismic isolation increases, decisions on the use of one particular isolator versus another isolator increasingly depend on computed responses with complex analytical models. Accordingly, validation of analytical models to predict primary (structural) and secondary system (non-structural component) response in seismically isolated buildings becomes very important. This paper presents comparisons of experimental and analytical results on the primary and secondary system response of a building model in order to provide information on the accuracy of the predicted response. The tested model was configured as a 6-story building at quarter length scale in a moment-frame configuration, and with the following seismic isolation systems: a) Low damping elastomeric bearings with and without linear or nonlinear viscous dampers, b) Single Friction Pendulum (FP) bearings with and without linear or nonlinear viscous dampers, and c) Lead-rubber bearings. Response quantities compared include story drifts and isolator shear forces and displacements for the primary system, and peak floor total velocities and floor response spectra that relate to secondary system response. This paper presents samples results out of a total of 288 comparisons of experimental and analytical results presented in an MCEER report. It is shown that the primary and secondary system response is computed with sufficient accuracy by the analytical models but some response quantities may be underestimated or overestimated by significant amounts.
Evaluation of Psychometric Properties and Differential Item Functioning of the Dental Anxiety Inventory (DAI-36) Questionnaire using Iterative Hybrid Ordinal Logistic Regression
Authors: Allahyari Elahe , Roustaei Narges 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Dental anxiety is a major dental problem. The difference of dental anxiety between groups may be reflect of the perception of individual of the items of questionnaire at the same level of the underlying dental anxiety. The propose of this study was to assess whether the Dental Anxiety Inventory (DAI-36) showed differential item functioning (DIF) by gender, age and education levels.Methods: By an iterative hybrid ordinal logistic regression model, we assessed measurement equivalence of DAI-36 items across gender, education, and age groups. All analysis was run by lordif package in R3.1.3 software for 950 participants.Results: The chi-square statistics declared 7, 7, and 4 non-uniform DIF items, and 2, 5, and 4 uniform DIF items across gender, education, and age groups, respectively. ΔR2 was always lower than 0.07 in all uniform and non-uniform DIF items. However, Δβ1 revealed significant uniform DIF in items 1 and 8 across gender ( Δβ1(item 1)=0.0137, Δβ1(item 8)=0.0124) and items 22 and 27 across age categories ( Δβ1(item 22)=0.0110, Δβ1(item 27)=0.0136). Conclusions: DIF items had no large magnitude or cancel out each other, so statements phrased in DAI-36 questionnaire have equivalent meaning across respondents, regardless of their gender, education, and age groups.
Interface Template Synthesis of Zein-Based Amorphous Tio2 Composite Microcapsules with Enhanced Photocatalysis
Authors: Xu Qunna , Bai Zhongxue , Ma Jianzhong , Qiu Ruijie , Huang Mengchen , Wu Jinbiao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In order to further enhance the application field of zein-based microcapsule. Zein-based amorphous TiO2 composite microcapsules (ZTCMs) were innovatively prepared from zein, tetra butyl ortho titanate (TBOT) and PEO106PPO70PEO106 (F127) via interface template synthesis. The Effects of TBOT amount on ZTCMs structures and photo-catalytic performances were mainly investigated. Chemical structure and microstructure of the obtained composite microcapsules were characterized mainly by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS). The results show ZTCMs exhibited evident hollow structure with titanium dioxide (TiO2) wrapped in the outer layer. The average size of ZTCMs300 was approximately 4 µm, which increased as the increase of TBOT dosage. Significantly, ZTCMs showed excellent photo-catalytic ability on dyes, red wine and coffee alike. The degradation rate of Rhodamine B (RB) was more than 80% after irradiation for 5 h under sunlight. This study provides a facile method to fabricate natural-based photo-catalytic material, which will be a good candidate in many fields such as medicine, food packaging, leather and textile.
Developing an Integrated Curriculum for Patient Safety in an Undergraduate Nursing Program: A Case Study
Authors: Ji Yoonjung , Lee Taewha , Choi Mona , Lee Hyejung , Kim Sanghee , Do Hyunok , Kim Sunah , Chu Sang Hui , Park Jeongok , Kim Young Man , Park Soyoon , Lee Hyeonkyeong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Nursing students’ practical training should begin when students can apply core knowledge, skills, and attitudes related to patient safety. This necessitates an integrated curriculum in nursing education that links practice to theory with regard to patient safety to enhance patient safety competencies and quality in nursing care. This study aimed to develop an integrated curriculum that incorporates patient safety factors in the existing curriculum to increase patient safety competencies in nursing students. Method: A case study approach was adopted to explain the development processes of a new curriculum integrating patient safety in the existing curriculum of a nursing college. Based on the current curriculum, a four-step process was performed to integrate patient safety factors, including quality improvement, into the curriculum: 1) literature review, 2) analysis of course syllabus, 3) selection of courses related to patient safety topics, and 4) evaluation of patient safety competency. Results: The integrated patient safety curriculum was based on six topics: patient safety principles, teamwork, communication, patient engagement, risk management and quality improvement, and International Patient Safety Goals. Based on the courses characteristics according to the level of students in each year, the curriculum was integrated to address patient safety topics in seven courses (four theoretical and three practical). A 23-item checklist was developed for evaluating students' patient safety competencies. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that patient safety topics should be addressed in both theoretical and practical settings across the entire nursing curriculum in accordance with the principles of continuity and sequence of education.
Sulfur, fresh cassava root, and urea independently enhanced gas production, ruminal characteristics, and in vitro degradability
Authors: Sumadong Phussorn , Cherdthong Anusorn , So Sarong , Wanapat Metha 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Cassava root (FCR) is one of the main energy source ingredients for ruminant and low price. The limitation of FCR utilization is due to the presence of hydrogen cyanide (HCN), which is toxic when animals, especially ruminants. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of sulfur, urea, and FCR at various levels on gas production, ruminal fermentation, and in vitro degradability. The study hypothesized that: 1) sulfur, urea, and FCR have no interaction effect and 2) effect of FCR and urea is related to sulfur addition. Results: The study aimed to elucidate the optimum level of elemental sulfur, fresh cassava root (FCR), and urea and their effect on gas production, ruminal fermentation, thiocyanate concentration, and in vitro degradability. A 3×2×4 in a completely randomized design were conducted. Factor A was level of sulfur at 0%, 1%, and 2% of concentrate dry matter (DM), factor B was level of urea at 2% and 4% of concentrate DM, and factor C was level of the FCR at 0, 200, 300, and 400 mg of the total substrate. The study found that elemental sulfur, urea, and FCR had no interaction effect on the kinetics of gas, ruminal fermentation, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and in vitro degradability. Elemental sulfur supplementation (P<0.05) significantly increased the gas produced from an insoluble fraction (b), in vitro DM degradability and either neutral detergent fiber or acid detergent fiber degradability, and propionate (C3) concentration while decreased the ruminal HCN concentration. Urea levels showed a (P<0.05) significant increase of the potential extent of gas production, ruminal NH3-N, and total volatile fatty acid (VFA). FCR supplementation (P<0.05) significantly increased the gas produced from an immediate soluble fraction (a), gas produced from insoluble fraction, gas production rate constant, total VFA, C3 concentration, and HCN while decreased ruminal pH, acetate, and butyrate concentration. It could be concluded that 2% elemental sulfur, 4% urea, and 300 mg FCR showed a greater effect on gas production, ruminal fermentation, and HCN reduction.Conclusions: The study found that elemental sulfur, urea, and FCR had no interaction effect on the kinetics of gas, total gas, ruminal fermentation, and HCN concentration. It could be concluded that 2% elemental sulfur, 4% urea, and 300 mg FCR showed a greater effect on gas production, ruminal fermentation, and HCN reduction.
Ramularia leaf spot: PCR-based methods reveal widespread distribution of Ramulariopsis pseudogycines and limited presence of R. gossypii in Brazil
Authors: Silva Aline Suelen , Renno Marcelo Henrique Lisboa , Quitania Ana Clara Ribeiro , Café-Filho Adalberto Correa , Miller Robert Neil Gerard , Araujo Alderi Emidio , Pinho Danilo Batista 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Whilst Brazil is the fourth largest cotton producer globally, incidence of ramularia leaf spot (RLS) has decreased yield across all growing regions. In 2017-18 and 2018-19 growing seasons, ca. 300 fungal samples were collected from seven Brazilian states. Hyphal tip cultures were obtained for DNA extraction and amplification of partial sequences of the RNA polymerase II gene (RPB2), 28S rRNA, the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS), actin (ACT), elongation factor (EF1-α) and histone H3 (HIS3) gene regions. Genetic diversity of the isolates was evaluated using fourteen molecular markers. Clade assignments based on the concatenated-sequence tree (RPB2, LSU, EF1-α, ITS, ACT, and HIS3) were identical to those in tree clades generated by RPB2-sequences, as well as in an RPB2 haplotype network, in an ISSR (TGTC)4 dendrogram, and based on morphological comparisons. In total, 252 out of 267 isolates were identified as Ramulariopsis pseudoglycines, indicating this species as the most widespread causal agent of cotton RLS in the Brazilian growing regions today. Validation of the ISSR (TGTC)4 primer as a tool to study the diversity and distribution of Ramulariopsis species will make it possible to carry out extensive RLS sampling studies worldwide.
Towards resilient water supply in centralized control and decentralized execution mode
Authors: Diao Kegong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper shares a vision that sustainable water supply requires resilient water infrastructures which are presumably in the centralized control and decentralized execution (CCDE) mode with multiscale resilience. The CCDE should be planned based on the multiscale structure of water infrastructures, in which the systems are divided into a number of hierarchically organized subsystems. The CCDE allows independent execution of all subsystems under normal situations yet coordination of subsystems at different scales to mitigate any disturbances during failure events, i.e. the multiscale resilience. This vision is discussed in detail for water distribution systems (WDSs). Specifically, the conceptual design of the multiscale CCDE is described, and progress on understanding the multiscale structures in WDSs is summarized based on the literature review. Furthermore, a few theories consistent with the multiscale CCDE concept are discussed which include the decomposition theorems, fractal theory, control theories, and complex network theory. The next step in the vision will be to identify the optimal multiscale structure for the CCDE based on the best trade-off of different goals of WDS analysis and management. This process needs support from not only innovative modelling tools and extensive datasets and theories but also inspiring exemplar systems, e.g. natural systems.
A triple bottom line approach to optimising odour removal from a residential water supply
Authors: Callingham Tara , Ooi Daniel , Fan Linhua , Roddick Felicity 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Feedwater to Euroa Water Treatment Plant contains increasingly high levels of natural organic matter (NOM) which were determined to cause its strong earthy odour. A multidisciplinary approach was used to evaluate the coagulation process to better remove the taste and odour (T&O) causing organics from water supplied to the local towns. Such high levels of NOM require elevated doses of coagulant for removal, accounting for approximately 60% of the chemical costs. A need arose to reduce these operational costs. However, community expectations regarding T&O, and social and environmental impacts, are not typically considered in this process. The local water corporation, Goulburn Valley Water, undertook a case study involving a comparison of three coagulants to optimise the chemical coagulation process from a multidisciplinary (triple bottom line, TBL) perspective. The financial assessment incorporated operational costs and potential infrastructure requirements. The social assessment investigated the overall impacts on staff operating the water treatment plant and their broader community involvement. The environmental assessment focused on the impact on downstream infrastructure from changes in sludge volumes and wastewater quality, and third-party greenhouse gas emissions from chemical deliveries. From a TBL viewpoint, aluminium chlorohydrate was the most beneficial option.
Thread Type and Stitch Density Suitable for Seams in Ghanaian Public Basic School Uniforms
Authors: Monnie Patience Danquah , Fianu Docea , Vandyck Efua 
Published: April 2021

Background:
The serviceability of a sewn garment is influenced by the quality of its
seams, which form the basic structural element. The factors that affect seam quality in garments
include, sewing thread type and stitch density. Their right choice helps with the achievement of quality
seams in garments. However, the choice of suitable sewing threads and stitch densities for particular
fabrics can only be determined through testing.

Objective:
Problems associated with the poor performance of school uniforms include seam failure.
The aim of the study was to determine sewing thread brand and stitch density suitable for seams for
a selected fabric (79% polyester and 21% cotton) for Ghanaian public basic school uniforms.

Methods:
A 2×3 factorial design was employed, which involved two brands of sewing threads labelled
A` and B` and three ranges of stitch density, 10, 12, and 14. The total number of specimens prepared
from the selected fabric was 81. The parameters investigated included fabric weight, strength, and
elongation, seam strength, seam elongation, and efficiency. The data were analysed using the Predictive
Analytics Software (SPSS). Means and standard deviations of the fabric’s yarn count, weight, strength,
elongation and the linear density of the sewing threads were determined. Analysis of Variance and
Independent samples t-test at 0.05 alpha levels were employed in testing the hypotheses.

Results:
Differences in seam strength, efficiency, and elongation were significant for the two sewing
thread brands and the three stitch densities in both warp and weft directions of the fabric sample. The
sewing thread brand B′ with stitch density 14 performed best in terms of seam strength, elongation,
and efficiency.

Conclusion:
The sewing thread brand B′ and stitch density 14 are recommended to be used for the
construction of uniforms with the selected fabric to achieve quality in uniforms.
AN ANALYSIS OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN CIVIL SERVANTS (PNS) IN MINISTRY OF FINANCE
Authors: Elfadhila Sonya , Kurniawan Teguh 
Published: April 2021

In global there has been an increase in the number of women who work in the public sector including Indonesia. However, it did not have much effect on the number of women civil servant representation in high managerial or structural positions as part of career development in PNS Management. This condition is also faced by the Ministry of Finance, which have a high commitment to the implementation of pro-gender staff development policies. This study aims to find out how the career development of women civil servants in the Ministry of Finance through the post-positivism approach uses qualitative methods with literature studies and in-depth interviews with officials related to career development. Theories from Viki and Fiona regarding women's career development through individual and organizational aspects are used in conducting analyzes. The results showed that the career development of women civil servants in the Ministry of Finance had not been running optimally. The high number of male civil servants affects the low number of women civil servants who will occupy higher-level structural positions. Furthermore, it can be seen in the individual variables that there is still a lack of interest in female civil servants participating in education and training, and also not all female civil servants get female mentors who can become a role models because mentors are direct supervisors of employees. while the organizational variables indicate that there are still gender issues faced by female civil servants in the Ministry of Finance.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM GERAKAN SEKOLAH MENYENANGKAN (GSM) DALAM MENGATASI BULLYING DI SMPN 2 SLEMAN
Authors: Pratiwi Lustianti Anggita Yuni 
Published: April 2021

Abstrak Pelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi program Gerakan Sekolah Menyenangkan (GSM) dalam mengatasi bullying di SMP N 2 Sleman. Aspek yang diteliti meliputi impementasi program GSM secara umum, kegiatan program GSM dan faktor pendukung dan penghambat impementasi program tersebut dalam mengatasi bullying. Penelitian ini mengacu konsep impementasi kebijakan Van Metter dan Van HornPenelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskripstif. Subjek penelitian ini meliputi kepala sekolah, guru bimbingan konseling, guru tim GSM dan siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data , reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi tersebut sesuai dengan teori van metter dan van horn yang terdiri dari standar dan sasaran, sumber daya, karakteristik organisasi, disposisi, hubungan antar organisasi dan kondisi lingkungan berjalan dengan baik dan semestinya. Kegiatan program GSM dalam mengatasi bullying adalah kegiatan sosialisasi, circle time, pagi berbagi, hearing, dan beberapa penerapan zona kelas. Faktor yang mendukung keberhasilan GSM di SMP N 2 Sleman adalah dukungan dari semua elemen sekolah dan faktor penghambat program GSM adalah masih ada beberapa guru dan siswa yang belum beradaptasi dengan adanya program tersebut. Kata kunci : program, Gerakan sekolah Menyenangkan (GSM), bullying Abstract This research aims to describe the implementation of the Fun School Movement (GSM) program in dealing with bullying in SMP N 2 Sleman. Aspects studied in the implementation of fun school movement program activities and supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of this program. this research to the concept of Van Metter and Van Horn policy implementation.This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The subjects of this study include the principal, counseling guidance teacher, GSM team teacher and students. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the implementation was in accordance with the van metter and van horn theory which consisted of standards and targets, resources, organizational characteristics, dispositions, relations between organizations and environmental conditions running well and properly. GSM program activities in dealing with bullying are socialization activities, circle time, morning sharing, hearing, and some class zone applications. The factors that support the success of GSM in SMP N 2 Sleman are the support of all elements of the school and the inhibiting factors of the GSM program are there are still some teachers and students who have not adapted to the existence of the program. Keywords: programs, Fun school movements (GSM), bullying