bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interobserver agreement of the Paris and simplified classifications of superficial colonic lesions: a Western study
Authors: Cocomazzi Francesco , Gentile Marco , Perri Francesco , Merla Antonio , Bossa Fabrizio , Piazzolla Mariano , Ippolito Antonio , Terracciano Fulvia , Giuliani Arcangela Patrizia , Cubisino Rossella , Marra Antonella , Carparelli Sonia , Mileti Alessia , Paolillo Rosa , Fontana Andrea , Copetti Massimiliano , Di Leo Alfredo , Andriulli Angelo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims The Paris classification of superficial colonic lesions has been widely adopted, but a simplified description that subgroups the shape into pedunculated, sessile/flat and depressed lesions has been proposed recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and inter-rater agreement among 13 Western endoscopists for the two classification systems.
Methods Seventy video clips of superficial colonic lesions were classified according to the two classifications, and their size estimated. The interobserver agreement for each classification was assessed using both Cohen k and AC1 statistics. Accuracy was taken as the concordance between the standard morphology definition and that made by participants. Sensitivity analyses investigated agreement between trainees (T) and staff members (SM), simple or mixed lesions, distinct lesion phenotypes, and for laterally spreading tumors (LSTs).
Results Overall, the interobserver agreement for the Paris classification was substantial (κ = 0.61; AC1 = 0.66), with 79.3 % accuracy. Between SM and T, the values were superimposable. For size estimation, the agreement was 0.48 by the κ-value, and 0.50 by AC1. For single or mixed lesions, κ-values were 0.60 and 0.43, respectively; corresponding AC1 values were 0.68 and 0.57. Evaluating the several different polyp subtypes separately, agreement differed significantly when analyzed by the k-statistics (0.08–0.12) or the AC1 statistics (0.59–0.71). Analyses of LSTs provided a κ-value of 0.50 and an AC1 score of 0.62, with 77.6 % accuracy. The simplified classification outperformed the Paris classification: κ = 0.68, AC1 = 0.82, accuracy = 91.6 %.
Conclusions Agreement is often measured with Cohen’s κ, but we documented higher levels of agreement when analyzed with the AC1 statistic. The level of agreement was substantial for the Paris classification, and almost perfect for the simplified system.
„Einfache“ Neuraltherapie bei Gelenkschmerzen – Fallbeispiele aus der Praxis
Authors: Gündling Peter W. 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Neuraltherapie oder therapeutische Lokalanästhesie ist ein schmerz- und regulationstherapeutisches Verfahren, das bei nahezu allen in der Praxis vorkommenden Schmerzformen mit Erfolg angewendet werden kann. Dennoch kann sie die ursächliche Therapie nur begleiten, z. B. wird man bei Personen mit Rückenschmerzen, die am Computer arbeiten und nicht zusätzlich regelmäßig Bewegungs- und Dehnungsübungen machen, keine dauerhaften Erfolge erzielen.Sechs Fälle aus der Praxis des Autors illustrieren exemplarisch das Vorgehen und die möglichen Behandlungserfolge bei unterschiedlich lokalisierten Gelenkschmerzen.
Evaluation of Clinical Outcome in Traumatic Facial Nerve Paralysis
Authors: Shankar Abhijit , George Shibu , Somaraj Satheesh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Introduction The facial nerve is the most commonly paralyzed nerve in the human body, resulting in far-reaching functional, aesthetic and emotional concerns to the patient.
Objective Evaluation of the clinical outcome of 47 patients with traumatic facial nerve paralyses, with respect to clinical recovery and audiological sequelae.
Methods A descriptive longitudinal study was conducted over 24 months between January 2017 and December 2018 at a tertiary center with detailed clinical, topodiagnostic, audiometric and radiological evaluation and regular follow-up after discharge.
Results Road traffic accidents constituted 82.98% of the trauma cases, out of which 76.60% were found to be under the influence of alcohol.Delayed facial paralysis was observed in 76.60% cases. Temporal bone fracture was reported in 89.36%, with otic capsule (OC) sparing fractures forming 91.49% of the cases. Topologically, the injury was mostly at the suprachordal region around the second genu. The majority of the patients (65%) attained full recovery of facial nerve function with conservative medical management. Audiometrically, 77.27% of the patients had hearing loss at the time of presentation, of which 64.71% were conductive in nature; 51.22% attained normal hearing at follow-up visits.
Conclusion Early initiation of steroid therapy, concurrent eye care and physiotherapy are the cornerstones in the management of traumatic facial nerve paralysis.
Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Locus 18q21.1 in the Etiology of Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip Palate (NSCLP) in Indian Multiplex Families
Authors: Neela Praveen Kumar , Reddy Gosla Srinivas , Husain Akhter , Mohan Vasavi , Thumoju Sravya , BV Rajeshwari 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Cleft lip palate (CLP) is a common congenital anomaly with multifactorial etiology. Many polymorphisms at different loci on multiple chromosomes were reported to be involved in its etiology. Genetic research on a single multigenerational American family reported 18q21.1 locus as a high-risk locus for nonsyndromic CLP (NSCLP). However, its association in multiple multiplex families and Indian population is not analyzed for its association in NSCLP.
Aim This study was aimed to evaluate whether high-risk single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 18q21.1 are involved in the etiology of NSCLP in multiplex Indian families.
Materials and Methods Twenty multigenerational families affected by NSCLP were selected for the study after following inclusion and exclusion criteria. Genomic DNA was isolated from the affected and unaffected members of these 20 multiplex families and sent for genetic analysis. High-risk polymorphisms, such as rs6507872 and rs8091995 of CTIF, rs17715416, rs17713847 and rs183559995 of MYO5B, rs78950893 of SMAD7, rs1450425 of LOXHD1, and rs6507992 of SKA1 candidate genes on the 18q21.1 locus, were analyzed. SNP genotyping was done using the MassARRAY method. Statistical analysis of the genomic data was done by PLINK.
Results Polymorphisms followed the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. In the allelic association, all the polymorphisms had a p-value more than 0.05. The odds ratio was not more than 1.6 for all the SNPs.
Conclusion High-risk polymorphisms, such as rs6507872 and rs8091995 of CTIF, rs17715416, rs17713847 and rs183559995 of MYO5B, rs78950893 of SMAD7, rs1450425 of LOXHD1, and rs6507992 of SKA1 in the locus 18q21.1, are not associated with NSCLP in Indian multiplex families.
Variant in CACNA1G as a Possible Genetic Modifier of Neonatal Epilepsy in an Infant with a De Novo SCN2A Mutation
Authors: Nieto-Barcelo Juan Jose , Gonzalez Montes Noelia , Gonzalo Alonso Isabel , Martinez Francisco , Aparisi Maria Jose , Martinez-Matilla Marina , Marco Hernandez Ana Victoria , Tomás Vila Miguel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMutations in SCN2A genes have been described in patients with epilepsy, finding a large phenotypic variability, from benign familial epilepsy to epileptic encephalopathy. To explain this variability, it was proposed the existence of dominant modifier alleles at one or more loci that contribute to determine the severity of the epilepsy phenotype. One example of modifier factor may be the CACNA1G gene, as proved in animal models. We present a 6-day-old male newborn with recurrent seizures in which a mutation in the SCN2A gene is observed, in addition to a variant in CACNA1G gene. Our patient suffered in the first days of life myoclonic seizures, with pathologic intercritical electroencephalogram pattern, requiring multiple drugs to achieve adequate control of them. During the next weeks, the patient progressively improved until complete remission at the second month of life, being possible to withdraw the antiepileptic treatment. We propose that the variant in CACNA1G gene could have acted as a modifier of the epilepsy syndrome produced by the mutation in SCN2A gene in our patient.
Occupational Outcomes and Revision Rates for Medial Unicondylar Knee Arthroplasty in U.S. Military Servicemembers
Authors: Rodriguez Marina , Heida Ken , Rider Danielle E. , Goodman Gens P. , Waterman Brian R. , Belmont Philip J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study evaluates return to work and revision rates for medial unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) in a high-demand military cohort. Patient demographic and clinical variables were isolated from the medical records of active-duty military servicemembers with at least 2 years of postoperative follow-up and correlated with return to work, medial UKA survivorship, and perioperative complications. The medial UKA annual revision rate was calculated as the percentage of implants revised per observed component year. A total of 39 servicemembers underwent 46 primary medial UKAs (32 unilateral and 7 bilateral) with a mean follow-up of 3.9 (2.0–6.6) years. At a minimum of 2 years postoperatively, 33 (85%) servicemembers returned to military service or successfully completed their service obligation. Older servicemembers (odds ratio [OR] = 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45, 0.99) had a significantly decreased OR for knee-related medical separation. Nine servicemembers (20%) had conversion to TKA at an average of 2.4 (range, 0.6–5.6) years with a medial UKA annual revision rate of 5%. When compared with Navy/Air Force, Army/Marine servicemembers had an increased TKA conversion rate (OR = 5.40; 95% CI: 1.13, 25.81). Older age decreased the likelihood of medical separation and Army/Marines service was the sole risk factor associated with conversion to TKA. The level of evidence is IV, therapeutic case series.
Use of Fenoldopam in Children with Congenital Heart Disease to Decrease Fluid Balance: A Retrospective, Descriptive Study and Insights into Predictors of Decreased Fluid Balance
Authors: Rausa Jacqueline , Loomba Rohit S. , Dorsey Vincent , Chandra Priya , Penk Jamie S. , Flores Saul , Villarreal Enrique G. , Goldstein Stuart L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis retrospective study aimed to determine if fenoldopam is associated with a decrease in fluid balance and to define the factors that may promote this in children with a history of congenital heart disease at the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU). Patients cared from January 2014 to December 2018 in the CICU were reviewed, and those on fenoldopam infusion were identified. Patient cohort data included demographics, clinical information, laboratory results, hemodynamic and urine output measurements, and information regarding fenoldopam infusion were compared between those with and without decrease in fluid balance. Forty-six patients were identified. Patients received a starting dose of fenoldopam of 0.2 mcg/kg/h, a maximum dose of 0.3 mcg/kg/h, and duration of 64 hours. Over the 4-hour study period, statistically significant change was noted in systolic pressure (decrease of 5.4%; p < 0.001), diastolic pressure (decrease of 3.5%; p = 0.01), fluid balance, and urine output (decrease of 1.3%; p = 0.027). In the cohort, 34 patients (74%) had a decrease in fluid balance, 18 (39%) had an increase in urine output, and 25 (54%) had a decrease in fluid input after the initiation of fenoldopam. Patients that had a decrease in fluid balance tended to have a higher blood urea nitrogen level at the time of fenoldopam initiation. Fenoldopam was associated with decrease in fluid balance and fluid input, but not associated with an increase in urine output. The identification of factors that can decrease fluid balance may help identify those patients who can be benefited with this treatment.
Comparing the biogeochemical functioning of two arid subtropical coastal lagoons: the effect of wastewater discharges
Authors: Medina-Galván Julio , Osuna-Martínez Carmen Cristina , Padilla-Arredondo Gustavo , Frías-Espericueta Martín Gabriel , Barraza-Guardado Ramón Héctor , Arreola-Lizárraga José Alfredo 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

Nutrient flux, net metabolism, and N
2
fixation and denitrification processes were estimated and compared in two semi-arid subtropical coastal lagoons in the Gulf of California: El Soldado (ES), where no wastewater is discharged, and El Rancho (ER), where shrimp farm effluents are regularly discharged. Biogeochemical processes were evaluated with the LOICZ model. Flushing time was <2 days in both systems. Nutrient fluxes were higher in ER than in ES and both systems acted as nutrient sinks for most of the year. ER showed a larger nutrient flow rate in the summer and autumn due to the input of shrimp-farm effluents. Nitrogen fluxes increased in both ER and ES in the winter in response to the increased nutrient supply from coastal upwellings. ER and ES both showed autotrophic metabolism and N
2
fixation in the spring, autumn, and winter, but heterotrophic metabolism and denitrification in the summer. Denitrification dominated in ER (−2.21 mmol m
2
day
−1
) and values were higher than those estimated in ES (−0.45 mmol m
2
day
−1
). The comparative analysis between ES and ER evidenced the significant changes in its biogeochemical performance caused by the input of anthropogenic nutrients, and can orient the environmental management of coastal lagoons.
Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions Targeting Alcohol or Other Drug Use and Co-Occurring Mental Health Disorders: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mehta Kahini , Hoadley Ariel , Ray Lara A , Kiluk Brian D , Carroll Kathleen M , Magill Molly 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Aims
This meta-analysis reviewed 15 clinical trials (18 study sites/arms), examining the efficacy of an integrated cognitive-behavioral intervention (CBI) delivered to individuals with an alcohol or other drug use disorder and a co-occurring mental health disorder (AOD/MHD). Outcomes were alcohol or other drug use and mental health symptoms at post-treatment through follow-up.

Methods
The inverse-variance weighted effect size was calculated for each study and pooled under random effects assumptions.

Results
Integrated CBI showed a small effect size for AOD (g = 0.188, P = 0.061; I2 = 86%, τ2 = 0.126, k = 18) and MHD (g = 0.169, P = 0.024; I2 = 58%, τ2 = 0.052, k = 18) outcomes, although only MHD outcomes were statistically significant. Analysis by subgroup suggested that effect magnitude varied by type of contrast condition (integrated CBI + usual care vs. usual care only; integrated CBI vs. a single-disorder intervention), follow-up time point (post-treatment vs. 3–6 months) and primary AOD/MHD diagnosis, although these sub-groups often contained significant residual heterogeneity. In a series of mixed effects, meta-regression models, demographic factors were non-significant predictors of between-study heterogeneity. For AOD outcomes, greater effects were observed in higher quality studies, but study quality was not related to effect size variability for MHD outcomes.

Conclusions
The current meta-analysis shows a small and variable effect for integrated CBI with the most promising effect sizes observed for integrated CBI compared with a single disorder intervention (typically an AOD-only intervention) for follow-up outcomes, and for interventions targeting alcohol use and/or post-traumatic stress disorder. Given the clinical and methodological variability within the sample, results should be considered a preliminary, but important step forward in our understanding of treatment for co-occurring AOD/MHD.
More for less: predicting and maximizing genomic variant discovery via Bayesian nonparametrics
Authors: Masoero Lorenzo , Camerlenghi Federico , Favaro Stefano , Broderick Tamara 
Published: February 2021

SummaryWhile the cost of sequencing genomes has decreased dramatically in recent years, this expense often remains nontrivial. Under a fixed budget, scientists face a natural trade-off between quantity and quality: spending resources to sequence a greater number of genomes or spending resources to sequence genomes with increased accuracy. Our goal is to find the optimal allocation of resources between quantity and quality. Optimizing resource allocation promises to reveal as many new variations in the genome as possible. We introduce a Bayesian nonparametric methodology to predict the number of new variants in a follow-up study based on a pilot study. When experimental conditions are kept constant between the pilot and follow-up, we find that our prediction is competitive with the best existing methods. Unlike current methods, though, our new method allows practitioners to change experimental conditions between the pilot and the follow-up. We demonstrate how this distinction allows our method to be used for more realistic predictions and for optimal allocation of a fixed budget between quality and quantity. We validate our method on cancer and human genomics data.
Multilayer network analyses as a toolkit for measuring social structure
Authors: Finn Kelly R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The formalization of multilayer networks allows for new ways to measure sociality in complex social systems, including groups of animals. The same mathematical representation and methods are widely applicable across fields and study systems, and a network can represent drastically different types of data. As such, in order to apply analyses and interpret the results in a meaningful way the researcher must have a deep understanding of what their network is representing and what parts of it are being measured by a given analysis. Multilayer social networks can represent social structure with more detail than is often present in single layer networks, including multiple “types” of individuals, interactions, or relationships, and the extent to which these types are interdependent. Multilayer networks can also encompass a wider range of social scales, which can help overcome complications that are inherent to measuring sociality. In this paper, I dissect multilayer networks into the parts that correspond to different components of social structures. I then discuss common pitfalls to avoid across different stages of multilayer network analyses—some novel and some that always exist in social network analysis but are magnified in multi-layer representations. This paper serves as a primer for building a customized toolkit of multilayer network analyses, to probe components of social structure in animal social systems.
Case report: Recovery after large intramyocardial dissecting haematoma of the ventricular septum—a rare complication of myocardial infarction
Authors: Lovasz David , Camboni Daniele , Zeller Judith , Schmid Christof 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Intramyocardial dissecting haematoma is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication of myocardial infarction (MI). Only a few isolated cases have been reported so far.

Case summary
We report the case of a patient with a large, obstructing intramyocardial haematoma of the ventricular septum following MI due to plaque rupture of the right coronary artery (RCA) and following successful coronary intervention. The clinically inapparent haematoma was discovered during routine echocardiography and confirmed by both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). With non-surgical treatment, the patient remained clinically stable. Repeated echocardiography showed gradual regression of the haematoma. Follow-up echocardiography 3 months after the initial diagnosis demonstrated no evidence of septal haematoma.

Discussion
This report suggests that even large intramyocardial haematoma may recede without operative intervention. Echocardiography, CT, and MRI are all helpful in quantifying the size of the haematoma. The appropriate management should be patient-oriented, depending on clinical stability and progression of the haematoma. Conservative treatment in clinically stable patients suffering from septal haematoma following MI and coronary intervention can be a feasible option.
Successful emergent transcatheter aortic valve implantation and left ventricular unloading by Impella in a patient with severe aortic stenosis who experienced cardiogenic shock after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a case report
Authors: Konami Yutaka , Sakamoto Tomohiro , Suzuyama Hiroto , Unoki Takashi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Determining the treatment strategy for cardiogenic shock following ST-elevation myocardial infarction in a patient with severe aortic stenosis remains challenging and is a matter of debate.

Case summary
An 84-year-old man with chest pain was transferred to our institute and subsequently diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and Killip class III heart failure. The patient was intubated, and urgent coronary angiography revealed severe tandem stenosis from the proximal to mid-left anterior descending coronary artery. We performed a primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and deployed drug-eluting stents from the left main trunk to mid-left anterior descending coronary artery. Although the procedure was successful, the patient went into cardiogenic shock a few hours later. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed low cardiac function and severe aortic stenosis. We decided to perform transcatheter aortic valve implantation using a self-expandable valve, followed by the insertion of a left ventricular assist device. The combination of procedures achieved haemodynamic stability.

Discussion
It is difficult to treat cardiogenic shock that develops in patients with severe aortic stenosis and ST-elevation myocardial infarction. This case report demonstrates that combined transcatheter aortic valve replacement using a self-expanding valve and left ventricular assist device placement can be safe and effective after a primary PCI.
The master regulator MAT1-1-1 of fungal mating binds to its targets via a conserved motif in the human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Ramšak Barbara , Markau Jessica , Pazen Tobias , Dahlmann Tim A , Krappmann Sven , Kück Ulrich 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Mating-type transcription factors are master regulators of sexually related signal transduction pathways in fungi; however, their recognition of specific DNA sequences from target genes is widely undetermined. Here, we identified and characterized the DNA-binding sequence of the MAT1-1-1 alpha-box domain transcription factor from the human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. In order to explore MAT1-1-1 DNA-binding targets, we used the previously reported MAT1-1-1 binding motif from Penicillium chrysogenum, in a bioinformatics approach. We identified 18 A. fumigatus genes carrying the MAT1.1 sequence in their upstream region, among them genes for the α-pheromone precursor (PpgA), G-protein-coupled pheromone receptor (PreA), and for TomA, an unidentified protein. To validate our prediction further, quantification of transcript levels showed a decrease in expression of ppgA, tomA, and others in a MAT1-1 deletion strain. For a functional analysis of the binding sites, truncated variants of the A. fumigatus MAT1-1-1 gene were introduced into Escherichia coli for heterologous expression. The yield of recombinant protein was further optimized for the AfMAT1-1-178–235 variant that harbors an extended alpha-box domain. AfMAT1-1-178–235 bound to a subset of the most strongly upregulated genes: ppgA, preA, and tomA. The DNA-binding specificity was confirmed by testing mutated binding sequences, as well as performing competition experiments with specific and non-specific sequences. Finally, equilibrium dissociation constants of 1.83 ± 0.1 and 1.45 ± 0.26 µM were determined for AfMAT1-1-178–235 and fusion protein GST-AfMAT1-1-178–235. Collectively, these findings provide further insights into AfMAT1-1-1-mediated gene expression and imply that alpha-box domain regulators from other members of Eurotiales control fungal development in a conserved manner.