bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses’ attitudes towards occupational transformation processes brought about by digital care technologies
Authors: Schlicht Larissa , Wendsche Johannes , Lehrke Liliann , Melzer Marlen , Rösler Ulrike 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background. Digital technologies increasingly shape today’s world of work. This not only affects sectors such as knowledge work and the automotive industry, but also the care sector. On the one hand, many nurses today use technologies supporting some selected and rather peripheral nursing tasks (e.g., electronic documentation). However, on the other hand, more comprehensive and additionally proximal care-related task devices (e.g., diagnostics via telecare) seem to be used less often. From a psychological perspective, attitudes towards technology are an important antecedent of user behaviour. Therefore, in two studies we aimed to examine if nurses’ attitudes towards four digital technology fields (i.e., electronic documentation ED, ambient assisted living AAL, telecare application and robotics) are differing in relation to the type of task substitution, how technology appraisal and knowledge shape these attitudes, and how attitudes predict user behaviour. Method. We conducted two cross-sectional survey studies with German nurses (Study 1: N = 148, Study 2: N = 252) with well-established scales (i.e., general and work-related positive and negative attitudes towards technologies, ease of use, usability, knowledge, and technology use). Results. We found that it is important to consider positive and negative attitudes towards technology distinctively as intercorrelations were only moderately negative. As expected, we found in both studies that nurses reported stronger positive and less negative attitudes towards technologies assumed to be substituting more specific and peripheral (e.g., ED) than comprehensive and proximal care tasks (e.g., robotics). Moreover, we found that two types of technology appraisal (ease of use and usability) both positively correlated with positive attitudes towards all four technology fields, whereas patterns were more inconsistent and additionally influenced by technology knowledge when predicting negative attitudes. Although inconsistently across both studies and the considered technologies, in general, technology users reported more positive and less negative attitudes than non-users. Conclusion. If technology developers and nursing facility managers want to help nurses successfully adopting new technologies in their work routines, nurses’ technology appraisal and technology attitudes have to be considered already in the pre-development phase. Our study results show that nurses report different attitudes towards the four digital technology fields considered here in relation to the levels and types of task-substitution. More specifically, if core carerelated work-tasks (e.g., direct care) are not substituted, nurses report stronger positive and less negative attitudes towards the supporting technologies and higher user behaviour.
Meijer and carbon management
Authors: Britton Christina , Petrovskis Erik 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Meijer is a family-owned retailer in the Midwest who pioneered the one-stop-shopping concept. This 85-year-old company is committed to energy, refrigerant, and logistics management to reduce the company’s carbon footprint intensity, not only because it makes business sense, but because it is the right thing to do. Meijer operates 248 superstores and grocery stores in six states with associated greenhouse gas emissions from lighting, heating, cooling, refrigeration, and logistics. Through a combination of focused engineering, and proactive lifecycle management throughout its operations, Meijer has been able to reduce the carbon intensity of its operations as the company continues to grow. Meijer’s dedicated energy and engineering team is well on the way to reducing electricity use in stores by 20% by 2020, based on a 2010 baseline. Implementing energy efficiency projects to meet this goal, along with proactive management of refrigerant systems, has enabled this team to continue to drive down greenhouse gas emissions intensity in the retail area. Meijer’s distribution and logistics teams are also contributing to this reduction through replacement of older tractor trailers with clean diesel and hybrid models in addition to innovations in logistics planning to minimize truck miles traveled. Looking to the future, Meijer sees the next frontier of decarbonizing its operations in proactive lifecycle management, technology, and systems innovation.
First observation of hemoglobin G-Norfolk in the Turkish population
Authors: Ünal Hülya , Atay Aysenur , Yücel Muammer , Narin Figen , Ceylaner Serdar , Canatan Duran 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Hemoglobinopathies are inherited transition blood diseases associated with globin chains of the hemoglobin. However many mutations have been defined, there may be many of them not defined yet. We here report the first case of those mutations, named Hb G-Norfolk in Turkey.

Case presentation
A 15 years-old male patient with erythrocytosis was referred to our laboratory for the evaluation of hemoglobinopathy. In chromatographic analysis, an unidentified peak was observed. A similar identification for variant Hb could not be obtained from High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analyzer’s data library. No definitive diagnosis could also be made by different analyzer. Family screening and molecular genetic DNA sequence analysis were carried out.

Conclusions
Although there were not found any beta gene mutation of neither the patient nor his family, analyses of alpha genes A1 and A2 were performed and abnormal hemoglobines were detected for all of them. This change in the HbA2 gene was at codon85 GAC>AAC (Asp>Asn) in the heterozygous state, known as Hb G-Norfolk [HbA2:c256G>A p.Asp85Asn] based on HbVar database. Abnormal Hb bands detected by HPLC with clinical findings such as erythrocytosis or cyanosis should be investigated by sequence analysis to corroborate alpha and/or beta-globin gene mutations for avoiding misdiagnosis and misinterpretation.
A Neo-Assyrian Sale Contract from the Province of the Chief Cupbearer (rab-šāqê) kept at the Hasankeyf Museum (Batman)
Authors: Toptaş Koray , Akyüz Faruk 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This Neo-Assyrian conveyance document found near Hasankeyf records the sale of fields and orchards on the mountain of the city of Ilḫina. The tablet was drawn up in the province of the chief cupbearer. Unusually, the document does not have an eponym date, but is instead dated with the phrase “9th year of the chief cupbearer Lâbaši”. The tablet may belong to the final stage of the Neo-Assyrian period.
Lecturas foucaultianas del liberalismo y el neoliberalismo: entre una arqueo-genealogía de las formas del gobierno contemporáneo y la historia de la gubernamentalidad
Authors: Raffin Marcelo 
Published: February 2021

Este artículo pretende analizar las líneas generales de los desarrollos que Michel Foucault propone sobre el liberalismo y el neoliberalismo en términos de una arqueo-genealogía de las formas del gobierno contemporáneo y de la historia de la gubernamentalidad, lo que le permitirá afirmar que el liberalismo y el neoliberalismo constituyen las formas ontológico-políticas extremas de la gubernamentalidad contemporánea. En consecuencia, este artículo tiene como objetivos dar un cuadro de situación de las categorías y las herramientas que Foucault elaboró y propuso sobre estas problemáticas, señalar los “puntos ciegos” de ese análisis y destacar la potencialidad de esos aportes para el trabajo de diagnóstico y la interacción con nuestra actualidad.
Suction Bucket Foundations under Cyclic Tensile Loading—Physical and Numerical Modeling
Authors: Gütz P. , Achmus M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Although suction buckets are believed to be a promising alternative for multipod foundations of offshore wind turbines, the economic and ecological advantages are still limited because of a lack of knowledge regarding the tensile bearing behavior. Major uncertainties exist in terms of the response under cyclic loading and the assessment of the partially drained loading condition, where negative differential pressure beneath the suction bucket’s lid contributes to the total tensile resistance. This article presents findings from 1-g model tests of suction buckets in sand subjected to various cyclic tensile loads. The suction bucket was installed via negative differential pressure (suction). The results show a strong effect of the applied load magnitude on the evolution of displacement, plug heave, and suction induced. Greater displacement accumulation is observed for the smaller considered frequency. Monotonic tests with varying displacement rates supplement the cyclic tests and serve for the verification of a hydraulic-mechanic coupled finite element model, which is afterward utilized for the back-calculation of cyclic model tests. Although a rather simple elasto-plastic material law was used for the sand, good agreement was found, indicating that the bearing behavior is mainly governed by the hydraulic conditions and only subordinately by the soil mechanics.
Performance of the Tensiometer Method for the Determination of Soil-Water Retention Curves in Various Soils
Authors: le Roux Paul Francois , Jacobsz Schalk Willem 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The soil-water retention curve (SWRC) describes the relationship between the soil matric suction and the water content of an unsaturated soil. It is an essential tool in geotechnical engineering and agriculture and is, for example, used in the analysis of unsaturated soil conditions such as those found in tailings dams and in analyzing the water retention capacity of agricultural land. Conventional methods used to obtain the SWRC are laborious and often rely on empirically derived equations to describe the curve. These test procedures can take weeks to complete and usually rely on indirect methods of measuring suction. Recent advances in the development of affordable high-capacity tensiometers (HCTs), the only devices capable of producing a direct and continuous measurement of high matric suctions, enable the introduction of the tensiometer method for the rapid determination of continuous SWRCs. The method requires an HCT, a digital laboratory balance, and a means of sample volume measurement if volume changes are relevant. The method involves continuously monitoring the mass and matric suctions generated in a naturally desaturating soil sample. The method has thus far seen limited implementation owing to the need for measuring specimen volume change to describe the hydraulic and volumetric behavior fully. The performance of the tensiometer method was investigated by determining SWRCs of five different soil types and then comparing them to the SWRCs determined from the filter paper method. A novel method, based on photogrammetry, was adopted for volume change measurement to produce SWRCs for soils that undergo shrinkage during drying. Excellent agreement between the methods was found for both the nonplastic soils and plastic soils tested.
Decision on Exemptions for Educational Services Provided by the University under the New Legal Regulation
Authors: Dańczak Paweł 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Higher education in Poland has been constantly reformed for over a decade so that Polish universities can effectively compete with foreign counterparts, and their graduates are attractive to employers. The possibility of learning may depend on paying the appropriate fees. This can put a heavy burden on the student’s budget, but the student may apply for an exemption from these fees under the conditions set by the university. Existing regulations were imprecise in this respect, which is why the adoption of the new law gave the opportunity to solve many related problems. One of the main issues requiring legislative intervention was to clarify what fees universities can charge their students and in what form they should decide to exclude these fees. This goal has only been partially achieved. The catalogue of fees has been defined, but it has not been determined whether the exemption from the obligation to pay them should be made by an administrative decision or any other act of the university body. The analysis of the new provisions leads to the conclusion that the principle should be the adoption of an administrative decision granting exemption from fees for educational services, whereas in the case of other fees referred to in art. 79 § 2 p.w.sz.n., the appropriate decision should be in a different form.
The Status of an Academic Teacher as a Public Officer. Comments in the Context of the Law on Higher Education and Science
Authors: Tabaszewski Robert 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The subject of this article is the legal status of an academic teacher as a person discharging a public function under the applicable Law on Higher Education and Science of 20 July 2018. It examines whether and to what extent the current regulation has affected the sphere of rights and obligations of an academic teacher who is a public official in special situations. In particular, the legal status of academic teachers and the status of public school teachers are compared. The author shows that the Law on Higher Education and Science does not contain a provision explicitly granting an academic teacher the status of a person performing a public function. This status is recognised in the rulings of common and administrative courts. Lawyers also recognise that an academic teacher, as a person employed at a university, that is, a unit with public funds, performs public functions. The article also describes the degree of legal responsibility of an academic teacher towards other entities.
COVID-19 and Final (State) Examination: Strategies of International and Russian Universities
Authors: Puchkov Evgenii , Knyaginina Nadezhda , Novoselov Ivan , Jankiewicz Szymon 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has changed the functioning of all levels of education systems. Schools and universities had to quickly adapt and change their procedures according to conditions created by the epidemic. Long perceived as additional and backup solutions, different distance learning technologies, particularly internet-based, became the main solution for the continuation of education on all levels. Several issues have stood out particularly with this seismic change – one of those is the issue of final examinations in universities. This issue is especially crucial in Russia, where the successful passing of a state final examination, which combines majority of the topics from the study program, is a prerequisite for graduation. This paper aims to analyze and present different strategies which were used for final university examinations in different countries and universities of the world and compare it with the Russian practices.
Effect of gintonin on matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentration in tears during corneal wound healing in rabbits
Authors: Lee Ha-Eun , Kim Joon-Young , Jeong Soon-Wuk , Nah Seung-Yeol 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIt has been shown that gintonin, isolated fromPanax ginseng, can promote rapid corneal wound healing. We aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanism and investigated whether gintonin affects the concentration of the extracellular matrix remodelling factor matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in tears during rabbit corneal wound healingin vivo. Twelve eyes (six rabbits) were divided equally into three groups. All eyes underwent corneal de-epithelialisation. The control group received Tearin Free sodium hyaluronate 0.1%, the solcoseryl group received solcoseryl-120 concentrate, and the gintonin group received 2.5 mg gintonin in sodium hyaluronate 0.1%. All preparations were administered for 5 days and the concentration of MMP-9 was measured in tears via ELISA on days 0, 1, and 5. MMP-9 concentrations in all groups were increased at day 1 and reduced at day 5. Of note, we found a significant change over the time frame for the gintonin group (P< 0.05) but not for the control or solcoseryl groups (P> 0.05) Moreover, increased MMP-9 levels between days 0 and 1, and their reduction between days 1 and 5, were significant in the gintonin group compared to those in the other groups (P< 0.05); however, and once more, these changes were not significant between the control and solcoseryl groups (P> 0.05). In conclusion, gintonin increases the concentration of MMP-9 rapidly within a day of injury, and decreasing it thereafter.
Simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetics studies of five isoflavones in rat plasma by UHPLC-MS/MS after oral administration of Radix Astragali extract
Authors: Han Jianwei , Zhu Wenbo , Yu Ling , Chen Yajun , Wu Gaosong , Wang Zhibin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A rapid, sensitive and convenient method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of calycosin-7-O-β-d-glucoside (CCSG), ononin, calycosin, (6aR,11aR)-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-β-d-glucopyanoside (DPPG), and 7,2′-dihydroxy-3′,4′-dimethoxyisoflavan-7-O-β-d-glucopyanoside (DIFG) in rat plasma after oral administration of the methanol extraction from Radix Astragali. Theophylline played the role of internal standard (IS). Preparation of plasma samples by liquid-liquid extraction method with ethyl acetate after precipitation of protein with methanol. The analytes were detected with a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometery (MS) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode and a positive ion electrospray ionization (ESI). The method was validated with the concentration ranges of 1.96–62.69 ng/mL for CCSG, 1.70–54.5 ng/mL for ononin, 1.85–59.06 ng/mL for calycosin, 2.14–137.24 ng/mL for DPPG and1.96–125.25 ng/mL for DIFG, respectively. The method had the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) with 0.49, 0.21, 0.92, 1.07, and 0.98 ng/mL for CCSG, ononin, calycosin, DPPG and DIFG respectively, and the precision less than 10%. The RSD of the accuracy was in the range of −4.35–8.91%. The results may be helpful to provide more accurate references to clinical application of this herb.
GARIMPO DAS PEDRAS. UM ESTUDO SOBRE AS RELAÇÕES ENTRE AS PESSOAS E AS COISAS DO PASSADO NA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Maurity Gabriela Pereira 
Published: February 2021

A pesquisa visa à reflexão sobre o estatuto das coisas do passado, especialmente, as ametistas extraídas de um garimpo contemporâneo, aquelas recuperadas no registro arqueológico e outros artefatos arqueológicos, na vida de um grupo de garimpeiras/os no sudeste do estado do Pará, Amazônia. A partir de narrativas memoriais e das materialidades que compõem as paisagens cotidianas de Alto Bonito, ou “Garimpo das Pedras”, reflito sobre o passado presente na Amazônia. Ressalto a relação das pessoas com uma paisagem multitemporal, percebendo as camadas memoriais que se instauram no lugar, mostrando que, na Amazônia, cotidianamente, as coisas do passado convivem e têm agência no presente. A ametista entrelaça as histórias constituidoras da paisagem do garimpo. Sua dispersão pelo chão indica o tempo do trabalho e marca as histórias de vida das/os garimpeiras/os, cada mudança na paisagem está vinculada e ancorada na ametista. Elas ganham lugar especial dentro das casas e têm sentimentos e qualidades identificados por suas/seus donas/os, que também reconhecem lâminas de machado arqueológicas que são mobilizadas como fontes de memória. O contato com o patrimônio arqueológico se dá durante o trabalho e pelos caminhos onde há sítios arqueológicos, mas a cerâmica ali dispersa não é percebida. Essa não-relação talvez se justifique pelo olhar capturado pelas ametistas e sua busca cotidiana. É provável que por também serem “pedras” e por conservarem o brilho na superfície, as lâminas de machado atraiam o seu olhar. Assim, a pesquisa no Garimpo das Pedras mostrou que ametistas, citrinos e coriscos, de formas e intensidades diferentes, se fundem com as pessoas, as paisagens, o passado e o presente na Amazônia.
Palavras-chave: Cultura Material. Arqueologia. Amazônia. Garimpo das Pedras. Carajás.
Metody wykrywania i pomiaru wielkości niezorganizowanej emisji metanu z elementów infrastruktury przesyłowej – wyniki projektu GERG Detection and Measurement of Fugitive Emissions of Natural Gas from the Transmission Systems
Authors:   Izba Gospodarcza Gazownictwa, Dyakowska Eliza , Przybył Adam ,   Operator Gazociągów Przesyłowych GAZ-SYSTEM S.A.
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of the project carried out by GAZ-SYSTEM in cooperation with 5 other European gas Transmission System Operators (TSO) – ENAGAS, Fluxys, Gasunie, Snam and GRTgaz. The objective of the project was to investigate and identify the most useful devices for detecting and measuring methane emissions from infrastructure components typical for the TSO. The market analysis showed that methane detectors utilizing different principles of operation are available, but there are much fewer devices for measuring emission rates. 5 devices were selected for tests: 3 exclusively for detection based on the D-1 (semiconductor sensor), D-2 (infrared optical gas detection system), D-3(laser technology) principle of operation, and 2 devices that also enable emissions measurement – P-1 (ultrasound imaging) and P-2 (quantitative optical gas imaging). Laboratory tests were carried out in March 2020 at the Enagás’ Metrological & Innovation Center (M&I); according to the approved program, methane leaks were generated from deliberately unsealed valves, flanges, threaded and open-ended pipe connections. Field tests were carried out at the measuring gas station near the M&I. The main purpose of the research was to verify the accuracy of the selected measuring instruments. It was carried out at different flowrate and various methane concentrations in the gas escaping from the components. Ease of use of the devices, their speed and range of operation were assessed. The results showed both the advantages and limitations of each device, and they clearly indicated that the assessment of methane emissions from gas transmission infrastructure components requires the use of at least two different devices. The results indicate that sniffer devices, characterized by the fact that the probe must be placed in the vicinity of the source of emission, give results similar to the FID Detector, most commonly used in Leak Detection and Repair (LDAR) programs, but can be used in a wider range of methane concentrations. D-3 has a fast response time and a wide measuring range, but their unit of measurement i.e. ppm-m prevents the conversion of the results into methane concentration without additional measurements of the distance between the leak and the device. The P-1 and P-2 allow to measure the emissions in real time, while the measurement errors for both devices are comparable, ranging from about 70% to 100%.