bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of the French TMA Reference Center Score and the mortality in TTP Score in de novo and relapsed episodes of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura at a tertiary care facility in Spain
Authors: Domingo‐González Amalia , Regalado‐Artamendi Isabel , Martín‐Rojas Reyes María , Pérez‐Rus Gloria , Pérez‐Corral Ana , Díez‐Martín José Luis , Pascual‐Izquierdo Cristina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAcquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP) is still associated with a 10% to 20% death rate and its clinical course is characterized by recurrent episodes in up to 50% of cases. Over the last decade, mortality predicting models like the French TMA Reference Center Score and the Mortality In TTP Score (MITS) have been developed in an attempt to personalize treatment. The objective of the present study was to compare the results in both scores of de novo and relapsed aTTP episodes. For such purpose, a total of 29 episodes of aTTP (16 de novo and 13 relapses) were analyzed. All patients were homogeneously diagnosed and treated. First episodes had a higher score in both models in comparison with relapsed aTTP, (MITS median, 1 r: 1‐4 vs 0 r: 1‐2, P = .038 and French TMA Reference Center Score median, 2 r: 1‐3 vs 1 r: 0‐1, P = .006). The prevalence of neurological symptoms was significantly higher in the first episodes (P = .001) and patients >60 years old were more common in this group (P = .013), which may have been related to the results. Platelet count at presentation was higher in recurrences than in the first disease episode (P = .016) and ADAMTS13 activity <5% was more frequent in the last group (P = .016). There was no significant difference in the rate of refractoriness or exacerbations. In conclusion, first aTTP episodes had a higher probability of short‐term mortality compared to relapsed aTTP episodes according to the MITS and French TMA Reference Center Score.
Combined application of geranylgeranylacetone and amelogenin promotes angiogenesis and wound healing in human periodontal ligament cells
Authors: Yamato Hiroaki , Sanui Terukazu , Yotsumoto Karen , Nakao Yuki , Watanabe Yukari , Hayashi Chikako , Aihara Ryosuke , Iwashita Misaki , Tanaka Urara , Taketomi Takaharu , Fukuda Takao , Nishimura Fusanori 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAmelogenin directly binds to glucose‐regulated protein 78 (Grp78). Cell migration activity is expected to increase when human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) overexpressing Grp78 are treated with amelogenin. Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) is a drug that induces the expression of heat shock protein and is routinely used to treat gastric ulcers. Here, we investigated the changes in the properties and behavior of hPDLCs in response to treatment with GGA and the synergistic effects of amelogenin stimulation in hPDLCs pretreated with GGA for the establishment of a novel periodontal tissue regenerative therapy. We observed that GGA treatment increased Grp78 protein expression in hPDLCs and enhanced cell migration. Microarray analysis demonstrated that increased Grp78 expression triggered the production of angiopoietin‐like 4 and amphiregulin, which are involved in the enhancement of angiogenesis and subsequent wound healing via the activation of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors as well as the phosphorylation of cAMP response element‐binding protein and protein kinase A. Moreover, the addition of recombinant murine amelogenin (rM180) further accelerated hPDLC migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells due to the upregulation of interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), monocyte chemotactic protein 1, and IL‐6, which are also known as angiogenesis‐inducing factors. These findings suggest that the application of GGA to gingival tissue and alveolar bone damaged by periodontal disease would facilitate the wound healing process by inducing periodontal ligament cells to migrate to the root surface and release cytokines involved in tissue repair. Additionally, supplementation with amelogenin synergistically enhanced the migratory capacity of these cells while actively promoting angiogenesis. Therefore, the combined application of GGA and amelogenin may establish a suitable environment for periodontal wound healing and further drive the development of novel therapeutics for periodontal tissue regeneration.
The nature of persistent interactions in two model β‐grasp proteins reveals the advantage of symmetry in stability
Authors: Bedford John T. , Poutsma Jennifer , Diawara Norou , Greene Lesley H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTwo proteins within the β‐grasp superfamily, the B1‐domain of protein G and the small archaeal modifier protein 1, were investigated to elucidate the key determinants of structural stability at the level of individual interactions. These symmetrical proteins both contain two β‐hairpins which form a sheet flanked by a central α‐helix. They were subjected to high temperature molecular dynamics simulations and the detailed behavior of each long‐range interaction was characterized. The results revealed that in GB1 the most stable region was the C‐terminal hairpin and in SAMP1 it was the opposite, the N‐terminal hairpin. Experimental results for GB1 support this finding. In conclusion, it appears that the difference in the location and number of hydrophobic interactions dictate the differential stability which is accommodated due to structural symmetry of the β‐grasp fold. Thus, the hairpins are interchangeable and in nature this lends itself to adaptability and flexibility.
Energy‐based automatic determination of buffer region in the divide‐and‐conquer second‐order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory
Authors: Fujimori Toshikazu , Kobayashi Masato , Taketsugu Tetsuya 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn the linear‐scaling divide‐and‐conquer (DC) electronic structure method, each subsystem is calculated together with the neighboring buffer region, the size of which affects the energy error introduced by the fragmentation in the DC method. The DC self‐consistent field calculation utilizes a scheme to automatically determine the appropriate buffer region that is as compact as possible for reducing the computational time while maintaining acceptable accuracy (J. Comput. Chem. 2018, 39, 909). To extend the automatic determination scheme of the buffer region to the DC second‐order Møller–Plesset perturbation (MP2) calculation, a scheme for estimating the subsystem MP2 correlation energy contribution from each atom in the buffer region is proposed. The estimation is based on the atomic orbital Laplace MP2 formalism. Based on this, an automatic buffer determination scheme for the DC‐MP2 calculation is constructed and its performance for several types of systems is assessed.
The vital role of Gli1+ mesenchymal stem cells in tissue development and homeostasis
Authors: Jing Dian , Li Chaoyuan , Yao Ke , Xie Xudong , Wang Peiqi , Zhao Hu , Feng Jian Q. , Zhao Zhihe , Wu Yafei , Wang Jun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays an essential role in both tissue development and homeostasis. Glioma‐associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) is one of the vital transcriptional factors as well as the direct target gene in the Hh signaling pathway. The cells expressing the Gli1 gene (Gli1+ cells) have been identified as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are responsible for various tissue developments, homeostasis, and injury repair. This review outlines some recent discoveries on the crucial roles of Gli1+ MSCs in the development and homeostasis of varieties of hard and soft tissues.
Bioprocessing of marine crustacean side‐streams into bioactives: a review
Authors: Zou Yang , Robbens Johan , Heyndrickx Marc , Debode Jane , Raes Katleen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis review summarizes the most common biological methods and their conditions for the recovery of bioactive compounds such as chitin/chitosan, proteins/peptides and carotenoids from marine crustacean processing side‐streams (MCPS). Chitin can be efficiently extracted from MCPS by adding proteases to hydrolyze the proteins (enzymatic hydrolysis), or by using (non‐)lactic acid fermentation to digest and eliminate nonchitinous compounds. Peptides with antimicrobial, antioxidant and antihypertensive activities can be generated via fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis; in addition, carotenoid extraction can be enhanced by both techniques. This review also briefly demonstrates the advantages, challenges and future perspectives of applying biological methods for the valorization of MCPS. These biological methods may provide an alternative solution to minimize the environmental and economic impact of inefficient waste management. Moreover, MCPS can be used to produce high value‐added compounds with potent bioactivities. Ultimately, these compounds produced via optimized biological methods can be commercialized for different applications. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Thermophilic waste air treatment of n‐alkanes in a two‐phase bubble column reactor: the effect of silicone oil addition
Authors: Chalupa Jan , Novák Ondřej , Halecký Martin , Bárta Jiří , Kozliak Evguenii 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThermophilic waste air biofiltration was developed to overcome the often observed drop in pollutant removal efficiency caused by classical reactor overheating above the mesophilic temperature range. To date, only a few studies have been reported on thermophilic biofiltration of airborne hydrophobic pollutants. In this work, a bubble column reactor (BCR) operated at 50 °C was used to treat waste air contaminated by a mixture of gasoline/kerosene range n‐alkanes with a microbial consortium acquired from burning coal dumps.RESULTSSeveral strategies were used to increase the low pollutant removal efficiency initially observed. Of these, only the addition of NAP (silicone oil) to the reactor led to increased removal efficiency, due to formation of water‐in‐oil emulsion. Analysis of the microbial consortium revealed bacteria from the Paenibacilaceae family (FN667384) and unidentified thermophilic fungi (HQ693517.1) to be the dominant organisms within the analyzed category, with 48% and 99% abundance, respectively. In the presence of NAP, longer‐chain n‐alkanes (C10–C12) were degraded efficiently, unlike their shorter‐chain homologs. After 7–10 days, the degradation of shorter‐chain C7–C8 n‐alkanes was observed at the expense of their longer‐chain homologs.CONCLUSIONA two‐phase thermophilic BCR proved successful in treating an airborne n‐alkane mixture. With the NAP addition, the apparent mass transfer limitations were overcome, creating a suitable environment for thermophilic hydrocarbon biodegradation. As a result, efficient degradation of longer‐chain n‐alkanes was enabled upon emulsification, whereas the removal of shorter‐chain C7–C8 hydrocarbons occurred later, most likely as a consequence of the biomass adaptation. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Polyphenols from Nerone Gold 26/6, a new pigmented rice, via non‐conventional extractions: antioxidant properties and biological validation
Authors: Ferrari Pier Francesco , Pettinato Margherita , Casazza Alessandro Alberto , De Negri Atanasio Giulia , Palombo Domenico , Perego Patrizia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPigmented rice is rich in coloured molecules known as anthocyanins, which exhibit a strong antioxidant activity and are used as additives to improve both the aspect and nutraceutical value of food.RESULTSIn this work, Nerone Gold 26/6 was employed as raw material for the extraction of antioxidants varying solvents and the operating conditions by evaluating three different techniques, i.e., (1) conventional solid–liquid extraction, (2) high pressure and temperature extraction, and (3) ultrasound‐assisted extraction. The quality of extracts was assayed by determining their total polyphenol yield, total flavonoid yield, total anthocyanin yield, and the antioxidant activity by spectrophotometric analyses, as well as the phenolic profile by high performance liquid chromatography. High pressure and temperature extraction presented the highest content of polyphenols (14.0 ± 1.10 mggallic acid equivalents/gdried biomass) using a green solvent as ethanol 70% (v/v), while ultrasound‐assisted extraction carried out for 20 min showed the highest anthocyanin content (7.5 ± 0.94 mgmalvidin equivalents/gdried biomass). Both of the extracts were biologically validated on human endothelial cells.CONCLUSIONAmong the non‐conventional techniques, high pressure and temperature extraction at 60 °C and ultrasound‐assisted extraction for 20 min provided high total polyphenol, flavonoid, and anthocyanin yields and antioxidant activities compared to solid–liquid extraction. Both extracts were well tolerated by endothelial cells in a concentration ranging from 0.0125 to 0.0500 mggallic acid equivalents/mLextract. Finally, solid phase extraction was responsible of a further increase of the extract biocompatibility. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Infection and disease spectrum in individuals with household exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2: A family cluster cohort study
Authors: Xie Wen , Chen Zhihai , Wang Qi , Song Meihua , Cao Ying , Wang Lin , Pan Calvin Q. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe primarily quantified exposure patterns, transmission characteristics, and the clinical spectrum of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection among household contacts of individuals with severe coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19). We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 20 index patients hospitalized with severe COVID‐19 and 79 of their household contacts. We determined the transmission frequency, range of manifestations of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, and factors associated with infection in household settings. Of the 79 household contacts, 53 (67%) developed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (49 [62%] symptomatic, 4 [5%] asymptomatic). Eight patients (10%) developed severe COVID‐19, and one died of COVID‐19 pneumonia (case‐fatality rate: 1.9%). The probability of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was similar in children and adults (55% vs. 72%, p = .14), with children being less likely to develop the symptomatic disease (46% vs. 68%, p = .06). Handwashing ≥ 5 times/day was associated with reduced infection risk (52.8% vs. 76.9%, p = .04). SARS‐CoV‐2 has a high frequency of transmission among household contacts. Nonhospitalized individuals with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection should be quarantined in patient care facilities rather than at home to minimize spread, if possible, and frequent handwashing should be practiced to prevent transmission.
Human polyomaviruses genomes in clinical specimens of colon cancer patients
Authors: Dolci Maria , Signorini Lucia , Toumi Wafa , Basile Giuseppe , D'Alessandro Sarah , Ferrante Pasquale , Delbue Serena 
Published: February 2021

AbstractColon cancer is the third cause of cancer death in the developed countries. Some environmental factors are involved in its pathogenesis, including viral infections. The possible involvement of human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) in colon cancer pathogenesis has been previously reported, leading to inconsistent conclusions. Clinical specimens were collected from 125 colon cancer patients. Specifically, 110 tumor tissues, 55 negative surgical margins, and 39 peripheral blood samples were analyzed for the presence of six HPyVs: JC polyomavirus (JCPyV), BK polyomavirus (BKPyV), Merkel cell PyV (MCPyV), HPyV −6, −7, and −9 by means of DNA isolation and subsequent duplex Real Time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. HPyVs genome was detected in 33/204 samples (16.2%): the significant higher positivity was found in tumor tissues (26/110, 23.6%), followed by negative surgical margins (3/55, 5.5%, p < .05), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (4/39; 10.3%). HPyVs load was statistically higher only in the tumor tissues compared to negative surgical margins (p < .05). Specifically, MCPyV was detected in 19.1% (21/110) of tumor tissues, 3.6% (2/55) of negative surgical margins (p < .05), and 7.7% (3/39) of PBMCs; HPyV‐6 in 2.7% (3/110) of tumor tissues, and 1.8% (1/55) of negative surgical margins; one tumor tissue (1/110, 0.9%) and one PBMCs sample (1/39, 2.6%) were positive for BKPyV; JCPyV was present in 0.9% (1/110) of tumor tissues. HPyV‐7 and 9 were not detected in any sample. High prevalence and load of MCPyV genome in the tumor tissues might be indicative of a relevant rather than bystander role of the virus in the colon tumorigenesis.
Impact of both socioeconomic level and occupation on antibody prevalence to SARS‐CoV‐2 in an Egyptian cohort: The first episode
Authors: Bahgat Mahmoud M. , Nadeem Rola , Nasraa Mohamed H. , Awad Mona A.‐E. , Kamel Solaf , Abd‐Elshafy Dina N. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe studied the impact of socioeconomic level on the anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2‐antibodies prevalence in an Egyptian cohort. The low socioeconomic standard group (LSS) included 51 humans, 30 females (F) and 21 males (M). The high socioeconomic standard group (HSS) included 55 subjects, 24 F and 31 M. Of the 30 LSSF, 6 were immunoglobulin M (IgM), 21 immunoglobulin G (IgG), and 6 double positive. Of the 21 LSSM, 5 were IgM, 12 IgG, and 5 double positive. Of the 24 HSSF, 6 were IgM, 11 IgG, and 5 double positive. Of the 31 HSSM, 6 were IgM, 14 IgG, and 4 double positive. Of the 51 LSS humans, 26 were symptomatic (S) and 25 asymptomatic (AS). Of the 26 S, 20 were IgG and 8 IgM/IgG double positive. Of the 25 AS, 13 were IgG and 3 IgM/IgG double positive. Of the 55 HSS humans, 38 were S and 17 AS. Of the 38S, 24 were IgG and 11 IgM positive of whom, 9 were double positive. Of the 17 AS, one was IgG and one IgM positive. The IgM prevalence was higher among the HSS humans. The IgG prevalence was significantly higher among the LSS humans. In the two different socioeconomic standards, the prevalence of either IgM or IgG was higher among F. An inverse correlation was observed between age and the anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2‐antibodies prevalence except for LSSF‐IgG and LSSM‐IgM. In conclusion, socioeconomic standard, gender, and age impact humoral responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 with a clear heterogeneity in individualized responses to the infection in terms of symptoms.
Nitric oxide and sex differences in dendritic branching and arborization
Authors: Richards Laura A. , Schonhoff Christopher M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule with many functions in the nervous system. Derived from the enzymatic conversion of arginine by several nitric oxide synthases (NOS), NO plays significant roles in neuronal developmental events such as the establishment of dendritic branching or arbors. A brief summary of the discovery, molecular biology, and chemistry of NO, and a description of important NO‐mediated signal transduction pathways with emphasis on the role for NO in the development of dendritic branching during neurodevelopment are presented. Important sex differences in neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression during neuronal development are considered. Finally, a survey of endogenous and exogenous substances that disrupt dendritic patterning is presented with particular emphasis on how these molecules may drive NO‐mediated sex differences in dendritic branching.
The association of mandibular third molar impaction with the dental and periodontal lesions in the adjacent second molars
Authors: Tai Shanshan , Zhou Yang , Pathak Janak L. , Piao Zhengguo , Zhou Libin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundIt is a consensus that symptomatic impacted mandibular third molars (MTMs) need to be removed. Although the prophylactic extraction of asymptomatic impacted MTMs remains controversial. This study aims to investigate the effects of MTMs on themselves and adjacent teeth pathophysiology and provide the evidence for prophylactic extraction of impacted MTMs.MethodsA retrospective study of panoramic radiographs of patients visited the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from April 2014 to May 2018 was conducted to investigate the dental and periodontal lesions in MTMs and adjacent mandibular second molars (MSMs), as well as the correlation of tooth lesion severity with patient age.ResultsAmong the 2650 impacted MTMs, 6.98% dental lesions and 37.81% periodontal lesions were found, as well as 24.63% dental lesions and 35.30% periodontal lesions in the distal of adjacent MSMs. 9.27%, 2.02%, 0.47%, and 13.33% dental lesions and 48.81%, 17.31%, 5.19%, and 10% periodontal lesions were observed in MTMs with mesioangular, horizontal, inverted and distoangular impaction types, respectively. For the adjacent MSMs, 31.98%, 11.82%, 1.94%, and 13.33% distal dental lesions and 45.74%, 16.95%, 2.91%, and 23.33% distal periodontal lesions were found in mesioangular, horizontal, inverted and distoangular impaction types, respectively. In mesioangular MTMs, the severity of the distal dental and periodontal lesions in the adjacent MSMs showed a high‐positive correlation with patient age (P < 0.05)ConclusionEarly prophylactic extraction of MTMs with mesioangular‐impaction and close monitoring of MTMs with horizontal/inverted‐impaction could prevent impacted MTMs‐associated lesions in MTMs/MSMs.
Quantifying the robustness of primary analysis results: A case study on missing outcome data in pairwise and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Spineli Loukia M. , Kalyvas Chrysostomos , Papadimitropoulou Katerina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractConducting sensitivity analyses is an integral part of the systematic review process to explore the robustness of results derived from the primary analysis. When the primary analysis results can be sensitive to assumptions concerning a model's parameters (e.g., missingness mechanism to be missing at random), sensitivity analyses become necessary. However, what can be concluded from sensitivity analyses is not always clear. For instance, in a pairwise meta‐analysis (PMA) and network meta‐analysis (NMA), conducting sensitivity analyses usually boils down to examining how ‘similar’ the estimated treatment effects are from different re‐analyses to the primary analysis or placing undue emphasis on the statistical significance. To establish objective decision rules regarding the robustness of the primary analysis results, we propose an intuitive index, which uses the whole distribution of the estimated treatment effects under the primary and alternative re‐analyses. This novel index is compared to an objective threshold to infer the presence or lack of robustness. In the case of missing outcome data, we additionally propose a graph that contrasts the primary analysis results to those of alternative scenarios about the missingness mechanism in the compared arms. When robustness is questioned according to the proposed index, the suggested graph can demystify the scenarios responsible for producing inconsistent results to the primary analysis. The proposed decision framework is immediately applicable to a broad set of sensitivity analyses in PMA and NMA. We illustrate our framework in the context of missing outcome data in both PMA and NMA using published systematic reviews.