bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of CD49f as a novel surface marker to identify functional adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cell subset
Authors: Zha Kangkang , Li Xu , Tian Guangzhao , Yang Zhen , Sun Zhiqiang , Yang Yu , Wei Fu , Huang Bo , Jiang Shuangpeng , Li Hao , Sui Xiang , Liu Shuyun , Guo Quanyi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesCD49f is expressed on a variety of stem cells and has certain effects on their cytological functions, such as proliferation and differentiation potential. However, whether CD49f is expressed on the surface of adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) and its effect on ADSCs has not been clarified.Materials and methodsThe effects of in vitro culture passage and inflammatory factor treatment on CD49f expression and the adhesion ability of ADSCs from mice and rats were investigated. CD49f+ cells were selected from rat ADSCs (rADSCs) by magnetic‐activated cell sorting (MACS), and the cellular functions of CD49f+ ADSCs and unsorted ADSCs, including their clonogenic, proliferation, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation, migration and anti‐apoptotic capacities, were compared.ResultsCD49f expression and the adhesion ability of ADSCs decreased with increasing in vitro culture passage number. TNF‐α and IFN‐γ treatment decreased CD49f expression but increased the adhesion ability of ADSCs. After CD49f was blocked with an anti‐CD49f antibody, the adhesion ability of ADSCs was decreased. No significant difference in clonogenic activity was observed between unsorted ADSCs and CD49f+ ADSCs. CD49f+ ADSCs had greater proliferation, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation, migration and anti‐apoptotic capacities than unsorted ADSCs.ConclusionIn the current study, the expression of CD49f on ADSCs was identified for the first time. The expression of CD49f on ADSCs was influenced by in vitro culture passage number and inflammatory factor treatment. Compared with unsorted ADSCs, CD49f + ADSCs exhibited superior cellular functions, thus may have great application value in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)‐based therapies.
Titration and follow‐up for home noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: The potential role of tele‐monitoring and the Internet of things
Authors: Jiang Weipeng , Wang Linlin , Song YuanLin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionHome noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) has become a well‐established treatment for stable hypercapnic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. There are still other challenges including appropriate titration of ventilator parameters, adequacy of follow‐up, monitoring, and management at home to ensure effectiveness and security, and to improve quality of life. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the name given to the network of devices and other “things” with built‐in sensors, software, electronics, and network connectivity, which can communicate these objects over wireless networks and then send data to a cloud platform. Reliable tele‐monitoring and transmission of clinical parameters from home to hospitals have prompted the development of IoT‐based home NIPPV.ObjectivesThis review provides an overview of titration and follow‐up of home NIPPV and focuses on different technologies, modalities, managements, and cost‐effectiveness used in IoT‐based tele‐monitoring of home mechanical ventilation.Data SourceLiterature search of Web of Science, PubMed, and EMBASE was made to find relevant articles about tele‐monitoring and the IoT in home mechanical ventilation over the last 15 years. We used the following search terms: NIPPV, COPD, home mechanical ventilation, telemedicine, tele‐monitoring, and management.ConclusionIoT‐based management of home NIPPV, such as home titration and follow‐up with the use of tele‐monitoring, are emerging and yielding positive findings. However, clear conclusions based on RCT of tele‐monitoring in COPD patients with NIPPV at home are only a few and large‐scale multicenter studies are required for replication and further validation.
Left‐digit bias and deceased donor kidney utilization
Authors: Husain S. Ali , King Kristen L. , Mohan Sumit 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCognitive biases shown to impact medical decision‐making include left‐digit bias, the tendency to focus on a continuous variable's leftmost digit. We hypothesized that left‐digit bias impacts deceased donor kidney utilization through heuristic processing of donor age and creatinine. We used US registry data to identify 87 019 kidneys recovered (2015–2019) and compared the proportion around thresholds for donor age (69 vs. 70 years) and creatinine (1.9 vs. 2.0 mg/dl), then compared the risk of kidney discard. Kidneys from donors aged 70 vs. 69 years were more frequently discarded (77% vs. 65%, p < .001), with higher risk of discard even after adjusting for KDRI (adjusted RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02–1.21, p = .018). Similarly, kidneys from donors with final creatinine 2.0 vs. 1.9 mg/dl were more frequently discarded (37% vs. 29%, p < .001), with higher risk of discard after adjusting for KDRI (adjusted RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.07–1.33, p = .001). However, no significant left‐digit effect was found when examining other donor age (39/40, 49/50, 59/60 years) or creatinine (0.9/1.0, 2.9/3.0 mg/dl) thresholds. The findings suggest a possible left‐digit effect affecting kidney utilization at specific thresholds. Additional investigations of the impact of this and other heuristics on organ utilization are needed to identify potential areas for decision‐making interventions aimed at reducing kidney discard.
Poroid adnexal skin tumors with YAP1 fusions exhibit similar histopathologic features: A series of six YAP1‐rearranged adnexal skin tumors
Authors: Prieto‐Granada Carlos , Morlote Diana , Pavlidakey Peter , Rodriguez‐Waitkus Paul , Ramirez Cristina , Florento Elena , Swensen Jeffrey , Gatalica Zoran , Stevens Todd M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundAdnexal skin tumors are diagnostically challenging with few known molecular signatures. Recently, however, YAP1‐MAML2 and YAP1‐NUTM1 fusions were identified in poroid adnexal skin tumors.MethodsHerein, we subjected eight poroid adnexal skin tumors (three poromas and five porocarcinomas) to fusion gene analysis by whole transcriptome sequencing and next‐generation DNA sequencing analysis.ResultsYAP1 fusions were identified in six cases. YAP1‐NUTM1 fusions were identified in two poromas and three porocarcinomas. A single case of porocarcinoma harbored a YAP1‐MAML2 fusion. Two cases were negative for gene fusion. All cases that harbored YAP1‐NUTM1 fusions showed nuclear protein in testis (NUT) expression by immunohistochemistry, with NUT being negative in the YAP1‐MAML2‐positive case. In this case series, we provide a detailed histopathologic description of six YAP1‐fused poroid skin tumors, which we show harbor reproducible histopathologic features, to include broad, bulbous tumor tongues with admixtures of basaloid, poroid cells punctuated by squamatized cuticles and ductules, with uniform tumor nuclei featuring frequent grooves and pseudonuclear inclusions.ConclusionsAwareness of the characteristic histopathologic features of YAP1‐fused poroid adnexal skin tumor is a step toward a more reproducible classification of adnexal skin tumors as well as a step toward targeted therapy for metastatic and/or unresectable examples of this poroid group of neoplasms.
Model‐based integration of citizen science data from disparate sources increases the precision of bird population trends
Authors: Hertzog Lionel R. , Frank Claudia , Klimek Sebastian , Röder Norbert , Böhner Hannah G. S. , Kamp Johannes 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTimely and accurate information on population trends is a prerequisite for effective biodiversity conservation. Structured biodiversity monitoring programmes have been shown to track population trends reliably, but require large financial and time investment. The data assembled in a large and growing number of online databases are less structured and suffer from bias, but the number of observations is much higher compared to structured monitoring programmes. Model‐based integration of data from these disparate sources could capitalize on their respective strengths.LocationGermany.MethodsAbundance data for 26 farmland bird species were gathered from the standardized Common Breeding Bird Survey (CBBS) and three online databases that varied with regard to their degree of survey standardization. Population trends were estimated with a benchmark model that included only CBBS data, and five Bayesian hierarchical models integrating all data sources in different combinations. Across models, we compared consistency and precision of the predicted population trends and the accuracy of the models. Bird species body mass, prevalence in the dataset and abundance were tested as potential predictors of the explored quantities.ResultsConsistency in predicted annual abundance indices was generally high especially when comparing the benchmark models to the integrated models without unstructured data. The accuracy of the estimated population changes was higher in the hierarchical models compared to the benchmark model but this was not related to data integration. Precision of the predicted population trends increased as more data sources were integrated.Main conclusionsModel‐based integration of data from different sources can lead to improved precision of bird population trend estimates. This opens up new opportunities for conservation managers to identify declining populations earlier. Integrating data from online databases could substantially increase sample size and thus allowing to derive trends for currently not well‐monitored species, especially at sub‐national scales.
Effect of macroarthropods on Drosophila suzukii peri‐oviposition events: an experimental screening
Authors: Ulmer Romain , Couty Aude , Eslin Patrice , Chabrerie Olivier 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSpotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is an invasive pest which causes important damage to fruit crops, in particular in strawberry and cherry fields in Europe and North America. So far, its interaction with local fauna remains poorly studied, whereas it could give insight in the possibilities of biological control by using local predators. Indeed, no sustainable means of controlling populations of this fruit fly have been found, and alternative methods of pest management are needed. Here we compared the efficiency of 16 selected macroarthropods present in strawberry and cherry fields and farm structures from northern France. Most of them have never been tested against D. suzukii for their ability to disrupt its egg‐laying behavior and/or to prey upon it under experimental conditions. A set of 17 morphological and behavioral traits potentially associated with the predation success of macroarthropods was measured. We counted nearly 16 000 eggs laid by female D. suzukii on artificial substrate in 1 008 experimental arenas. We observed an egg difference ranging from +65 to –98% in the presence of an arthropod, compared to control arenas (without arthropods), with an overall mean decrease of 44%. Some macroarthropod predatory species, mostly spiders (from the families Agelenidae, Salticidae, and Lycosidae) and the centipede Lithobius forficatus (L.), were efficient at killing the flies before they could lay eggs. Other species, such as the carabids Limodromus assimilis (Pontoppidan) and Poecilus cupreus (L.), or the woodlouse Porcellio scaber (Latreille), reduced egg‐laying despite a lower predation rate. The macroarthopods’ traits mainly involved in predation and disruption of oviposition were the size of their body and their mobility. Our results add novel information about the acceptability of D. suzukii as prey for common macroarthropods of the local fauna. This experimental approach provides a first pre‐selection of promising macroarthropods that could be interesting in the control of D. suzukii populations.
The effect of organic and conventional management practices on soil macropore structure in greenhouse vegetable production
Authors: Wang Meiyan , Xu Shengxiang , Yang Jizhou , Xu Lingying , Yu Quanbo , Xie Xinqiao , Shi Xuezheng , Zhao Yongcun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGreenhouse vegetable production (GVP) is developing rapidly and farming practices strongly affect soil quality. However, quantitative evidence of the differences in soil macropore structure between organic and conventional greenhouse vegetable cultivation is still unavailable. In this study, we sampled paired organic and conventional greenhouse vegetable soils from the tilled and plough pan layers at sample sites south of Nanjing, China. Using industrial computed tomography (CT) scanning technology to measure soil macropore characteristics, we examined the effects of different farming practices on soil macropore structure, as well as the main factors that influenced soil macropore characteristics. Organic greenhouse vegetable (OGV) production was associated with a greater quantity and quality of soil macropores compared with conventional greenhouse vegetable (CGV) production. The total macroporosity in the tilled soil layer averaged 16.9% in OGV soils, more than twice that of CGV soils. OGV soils exhibited an improved pore size distribution with a greater relative abundance of transmission pores (50–500 μm) and a decreased relative abundance of large macropores (>1,000 μm). Pore size and shape data suggested that OGV soils had fewer soil cracks but more biopores than CGV soils in the tilled layer, as well as more root biopores in the plough pan layer. Furthermore, macropore morphology was improved in both the tilled and plough pan layers of OGV soils. In particular, macropore connectivity was nearly 10 times greater in the tilled layer of OGV soils. Soil organic matter (SOM) content was the dominant factor influencing most macropore characteristics (total macroporosity, connectivity, and relative porosity of 100–1,000 μm pores, all small macropores and elongated medium macropores). We suggest that greater SOM content and consequently better soil macropore structure in OGV soils was dependent not only on greater organic manure input, but also on the non‐application of chemical fertilizer.Highlights
Farm management affects soil macropore structure in greenhouse vegetable production.
Compared soil macropore structure in organic and conventional greenhouse vegetable cultivation.
OGV had greater quantity and quality of soil macropores than CGV.
Greater SOM in organic farming contributed to the better soil macropore structure.
Habitat amount and distribution modify community dynamics under climate change
Authors: Fourcade Yoan , WallisDeVries Michiel F. , Kuussaari Mikko , van Swaay Chris A. M. , Heliölä Janne , Öckinger Erik 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHabitat fragmentation may present a major impediment to species range shifts caused by climate change, but how it affects local community dynamics in a changing climate has so far not been adequately investigated empirically. Using long‐term monitoring data of butterfly assemblages, we tested the effects of the amount and distribution of semi‐natural habitat (SNH), moderated by species traits, on climate‐driven species turnover. We found that spatially dispersed SNH favoured the colonisation of warm‐adapted and mobile species. In contrast, extinction risk of cold‐adapted species increased in dispersed (as opposed to aggregated) habitats and when the amount of SNH was low. Strengthening habitat networks by maintaining or creating stepping‐stone patches could thus allow warm‐adapted species to expand their range, while increasing the area of natural habitat and its spatial cohesion may be important to aid the local persistence of species threatened by a warming climate.
Extended TODIM‐PROMETHEE II method with hesitant probabilistic information for solving potential risk evaluation problems of water resource carrying capacity
Authors: Wang Xiao‐kang , Zhang Hong‐yu , Wang Jian‐qiang , Li Jun‐bo , Li Lin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWith the excessive consumption and pollution of water resources, the sustainable development of water resources poses a serious threat currently. How to perceive and prevent the degradation of water resource in advance is an urgent problem. The water resource carrying capacity (WRCC) is a significant indicator to reflect the condition of water resources in a region. Resounding to these circumstances, our research establishes a decision support framework to solve WRCC risk evaluation issues. First, hesitant probabilistic fuzzy sets (HPFSs) are selected as a representation for the evaluation information in the expert group. Aimed at existing studies of HPFSs, some limitations are overcome involving the distance and comparison rule. Secondly, a TODIM‐PROMETHEE II based multi‐criteria group decision making (MCGDM) method is developed to overcome the inherent restrictions of PROMETHEE II method and make it suitable for a practical decision‐making condition with bounded rationality. Subsequently, a case study is utilized to demonstrate the feasibility of our newly proposed decision support framework, followed by a sensitivity analysis and a comparison analysis. The outcome indicates that the framework has an excellent performance to solve this kind of MCGDM issues.
“Two‐steps” seed‐derived plugs as an effective propagation method for the establishment of Miscanthus in saline–alkaline soil
Authors: Zheng Cheng , Xue Shuai , Xiao Liang , Iqbal Yasir , Sun Guorong , Duan Meijuan , Yi Zili 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMiscanthus, a perennial rhizomatous C4 grass, has emerged as a promising lignocellulosic crop. To avoid competition with food crops, marginal lands especially saline–alkaline soil are being recommended to grow Miscanthus across China. However, the challenges such as high cost and low reproduction coefficient associated with the propagation methods are impeding its large‐scale plantation in saline–alkaline soil. In this study, a “two‐steps” propagation method was designed, which was comprised of two phases: (1) seedling cultivation and (2) seedling strengthening. The parameters (substrate composition and plug size) for this method were determined. The optimal substrate composition of the seedling bed for M. sinensis, M. lutarioriparius, and their interspecific hybrids was peat and perlite at a ratio of 3:2, 3:1, and 3:3 by volume, respectively. The seedlings were transplanted into the plugs to deliver robust plantlets. The most appropriate plug size for M. sinensis, M. lutarioriparius, and their interspecific hybrids was 50 plugs (50 cm3/plug), 72 plugs (40 cm3/plug), and 72 plugs (40 cm3/plug), respectively. Three propagation methods, that is, direct sowing of seeds, rhizomes plantation, and “two‐steps” seed‐derived plugs for M. lutarioriparius were compared in saline–alkaline soil over 3 years (2014, 2015, and 2016). The establishment rate of the seeds directly planted was poor (zero). The performance (e.g., biomass yield) of the plants derived from the “two‐steps” seed‐derived plugs was better than that of the plants derived from rhizomes directly planted. Therefore, the “two‐steps” seed‐derived plugs can be regarded as an effective propagation method to upscale Miscanthus cultivation in saline–alkaline soil.
China's move to mass higher education since 1998: Analysis of higher education expansion policies
Authors: Jiang Jin , Ke Guoguo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUnder the knowledge‐based economy, higher education plays an important role in cultivating talents and enhancing national competitiveness. Compared with other countries, China is a latecomer in the expansion of higher education but has undergone considerable transformation from elite to massification in a short time since 1998. Most important, China's higher education expansion is not limited to the undergraduate level but includes junior college and postgraduate education. This dramatic development in higher education is also simultaneously affected by marketisation and decentralisation. Moreover, the unprecedented growth and achievements of the reform drew scholars' attention to this inspired case of the consequences of educational expansion. However, few studies analyse higher education expansion policies. This study analyses educational policies since 1998 to understand how the move to mass higher education was achieved through marketisation and decentralisation with the strong control of the central government. Drawing on policy analyses, this study suggests that the higher education expansion in China exhibits the characteristics of the East Asian model, which is shaped by the strong nation‐state structure with instrumentalism.
Molecular epidemiology of Enteroviruses and Rhinoviruses in patients with acute respiratory infections in Yaounde, Cameroon
Authors: Kenmoe Sebastien , Sadeuh‐Mba Serge Alain , Vernet Marie‐Astrid , Penlap Beng Véronique , Vabret Astrid , Njouom Richard 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundAcute respiratory infections (ARI) are associated with a huge morbidity and mortality worldwide. Rhinoviruses (RVs) and Enteroviruses (EVs) are recognized as leading causes of ARI.ObjectivesThe present study describes the molecular epidemiology of RVs and EVs in Cameroon over a 3‐year surveillance period.MethodsFrom September 2011 to October 2014, nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from patients with influenza‐like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infections (SARI). Two sub‐genomic regions of the EVs and RVs were targeted for molecular characterization. These included the most conserved 5′‐untranslated region (5′UTR) and the viral protein 4/viral protein 2 transition region (VP4/VP2).ResultsA total of 974 samples were collected. Children ≤5 years accounted for 85.7% (835/974) of all participants. Among them, 160 (16.4%) were positive for RVs and/or EVs. RVs and/or EVs were significantly more identified in ILI compared to SARI patients (P = .015). Both viruses co‐circulated all year long with a marked increase of occurrence during rainy and cold season. All RV species were found to circulate in Cameroon, with 6, 10 and 6 virus types belonging to the RV‐A, RV‐B and RV‐C, respectively. EV species identified comprised EV‐A (1 Coxsackie virus A5), EV‐B (1 Coxsackie virus A9 and 2 Coxsackie virus B1) and EV‐C (1 EV‐C117).ConclusionsThis study indicates a strong year‐round occurrence of EV and RV associated respiratory infections in Cameroon. Molecular characterization identified a wide variety of RVs and EVs in patients with ARI in Cameroon.