bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of new ethanol‐tolerant yeast strains with fermentation potential from central Patagonia
Authors: Villarreal Pablo , Quintrel Pablo A. , Olivares‐Muñoz Sebastián , Ruiz José J. , Nespolo Roberto F. , Cubillos Francisco A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe quest for new wild yeasts has increasingly gained attention because of their potential ability to provide unique organoleptic characters to fermented beverages. In this sense, Patagonia offers a wide diversity of ethanol‐tolerant yeasts and stands out as a bioprospecting alternative. This study characterized the genetic and phenotypic diversity of yeast isolates obtained from Central Chilean Patagonia and analyzed their fermentation potential under different fermentative conditions. We recovered 125 colonies from Nothofagus spp. bark samples belonging to five yeast species: Saccharomyces eubayanus, Saccharomyces uvarum, Lachancea cidri, Kregervanrija delftensis, and Hanseniaspora valbyensis. High‐throughput microcultivation assays demonstrated the extensive phenotypic diversity among Patagonian isolates, where Saccharomyces spp and L. cidri isolates exhibited the most outstanding fitness scores across the conditions tested. Fermentation performance assays under wine, mead, and beer conditions demonstrated the specific potential of the different species for each particular beverage. Saccharomyces spp. were the only isolates able to ferment beer wort. Interestingly, we found that L. cidri is a novel candidate species to ferment wine and mead, exceeding the fermentation capacity of a commercial strain. Unlike commercial strains, we found that L. cidri does not require nutritional supplements for efficient mead fermentation. In addition, L. cidri produces succinic and acetic acids, providing a distinct profile to the final fermented product. This work demonstrates the importance of bioprospecting efforts in Patagonia to isolate novel wild yeast strains with extraordinary biotechnological potential for the fermentation industry.
Synthesis and Properties of 1‐(Dialkylstannyl)‐1,4‐diphenyl‐1,3‐butadiene Fused with a Dibenzobarrelene and the Corresponding Pentaorganostannate
Authors: Miyashita Yasuha , Nakata Norio , Ishii Akihiko 
Published: August 2021

Abstract1‐(Dialkylstannyl)‐1,4‐diphenyl‐1,3‐butadiene derivatives that fuse with a dibenzobarrelene were synthesized by the reaction of the dilithium salt, prepared by the treatment of the corresponding tellurium analogue with BuLi, with R2SnCl2 (R=Me or Bu). When Me2SnCl2 was used, a Me−Bu exchange (Bu is from BuLi) was observed. The dimethyl‐, butylmethyl‐, and dibutylstannyl derivatives exhibit weak fluorescence in solution and the solid state. The dibutylstannyl derivative reacted with BuLi in THF to give a pentaorganostannate, which was characterized by means of 119Sn NMR and UV‐vis spectroscopies. Their optical properties were analyzed with TD‐DFT calculations. The first excitation of dialkylstannyl derivatives is assigned to the π‐π* excitation, and an intersystem crossing from the relaxed S1 state to a triplet state was suggested. The calculations show that the dark red color of the pentaorganostannate is ascribed to the excitation from the hypervalent Sn−C bonds (σ) to the π* orbital of the 1,4‐diphenyl‐1,3‐butadiene moiety.
Coordination Chemistry of Polynitriles, Part VIII. Thallium pentacyanocyclopentadienide
Authors: Blockhaus Tobias , Sünkel Karlheinz 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe reaction of Tl(C5H5) with Ag[C5(CN)5] gives unexpectedly the title compound. Its crystal structure shows a dimeric [Tl2[C5(CN)2]2] forming the asymmetric unit. These units are connected to “layers” perpendicular to the a axis with formation of numerous 4‐, 9‐ and 14 membered rings, with the Tl ions using three nitrile functions from three different ligands. These layers are connected in a direction with each Tl ion coordinating to three more nitrile functions and additional weak delocalized η5 or η3 interactions with a cyclopentadienyl ring.
The frequency estimation for non‐conservative nonlinear oscillation
Authors: El‐Dib Yusry O. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractImmediate frequency estimation of a damped nonlinear oscillator is very much needed in engineering. A developed He's frequency formula is derived to cover the damping nonlinear oscillator in the current work. The frequency due to the odd nonlinear damping force's presence is established immediately after converting the nonlinear oscillator to a linear damping model based on the conservative restoring force. A frequency of the non‐conservative system is performed. The analytical solution is compared with a numerical solution that shows the high accuracy of the estimated frequency.
Families of Bianchi modular symbols: critical base-change p-adic L-functions and p-adic Artin formalism
Authors: Barrera Salazar Daniel , Williams Chris 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLet K be an imaginary quadratic field. In this article, we study the eigenvariety for $$\mathrm {GL}_2/K$$

GL
2

/
K

, proving an étaleness result for the weight map at non-critical classical points and a smoothness result at base-change classical points. We give three main applications of this; let f be a p-stabilised newform of weight $$k \ge 2$$

k
≥
2

without CM by K. Suppose f has finite slope at p and its base-change $$f_{/K}$$

f

/
K

to K is p-regular. Then: (1) We construct a two-variable p-adic L-function attached to $$f_{/K}$$

f

/
K

under assumptions on f that conjecturally always hold, in particular with no non-critical assumption on f/K. (2) We construct three-variable p-adic L-functions over the eigenvariety interpolating the p-adic L-functions of classical base-change Bianchi cusp forms. (3) We prove that these base-change p-adic L-functions satisfy a p-adic Artin formalism result, that is, they factorise in the same way as the classical L-function under Artin formalism.
A weak KAM approach to the periodic stationary Hartree equation
Authors: Zanelli L. , Mandreoli F. , Cardin F. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe present, through weak KAM theory, an investigation of the stationary Hartree equation in the periodic setting. More in details, we study the Mean Field asymptotics of quantum many body operators thanks to various integral identities providing the energy of the ground state and the minimum value of the Hartree functional. Finally, the ground state of the multiple-well case is studied in the semiclassical asymptotics thanks to the Agmon metric.
Associations between plasma kynurenines and cognitive function in individuals with normal glucose metabolism, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: the Maastricht Study
Authors: Bakker Lieke , Ramakers Inez H. G. B. , van Boxtel Martin P. J. , Schram Miranda T. , Stehouwer Coen D. A. , van der Kallen Carla J. H. , Dagnelie Pieter C. , van Greevenbroek Marleen M. J. , Wesselius Anke , Midttun Øivind , Ueland Per M. , Verhey Frans R. J. , Eussen Simone J. P. M. , Köhler Sebastian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Studies investigating associations between kynurenines and cognitive function have generally been small, restricted to clinical samples or have found inconsistent results, and associations in the general adult population, and in individuals with type 2 diabetes in particular, are not clear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate cross-sectional associations between plasma kynurenines and cognitive function in a cohort of middle-aged participants with normal glucose metabolism, prediabetes (defined as impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) and type 2 diabetes.

Methods
Plasma kynurenines were quantified in 2358 participants aged 61 ± 8 years. Cross-sectional associations of kynurenines with cognitive impairment and cognitive domain scores were investigated using logistic, multiple linear and restricted cubic spline regression analyses adjusted for several confounders.

Results
Effect modification by glucose metabolism status was found for several associations with cognitive impairment, hence analyses were stratified. In individuals with prediabetes, 3-hydroxykynurenine (OR per SD 0.59 [95% CI 0.37, 0.94]) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (0.67 [0.47, 0.96]) were associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment after full adjustment. In individuals with type 2 diabetes, kynurenine (0.80 [0.66, 0.98]), 3-hydroxykynurenine (0.82 [0.68, 0.99]), kynurenic acid (0.81 [0.68, 0.96]), xanthurenic acid (0.73 [0.61, 0.87]) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (0.73 [0.60, 0.87]) were all associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment. Kynurenic acid (β per SD 0.07 [95% CI 0.02, 0.13]) and xanthurenic acid (0.06 [0.01, 0.11]) were also associated with better executive function/attention. No associations were observed in individuals with normal glucose metabolism.

Conclusions/interpretation
Several kynurenines were cross-sectionally associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment and better cognitive functioning in type 2 diabetes, while less widespread associations were seen in prediabetes. Low levels of kynurenines might be involved in the pathway of type 2 diabetes and cognitive decline but this needs further studies.

Graphical abstract
Impact of Lymph Node Metastases Around the Superior Mesenteric Artery on Postoperative Outcomes of Pancreatic Head Cancer
Authors: Miyata Yoichi , Yonamine Naoto , Fujinuma Ibuki , Tsunenari Takazumi , Takihata Yasuhiro , Iwasaki Toshimitsu , Einama Takahiro , Tsujimoto Hironori , Ueno Hideki , Yamamoto Junji , Kishi Yoji 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe neural plexus and lymph nodes around the superior mesenteric artery (LN#14), are the most frequent sites involved by pancreatic head cancer. However the influence of metastases to LN#14 on patients’ prognosis has rarely been evaluated.MethodsThe patients who underwent pancreatectomy for pancreatic head cancer between January 2010 and December 2018 were selected. The patients with nodal metastases were classified into an LN#14 + or LN#14−group according to LN#14 metastasis. Clinical and pathological characteristics and prognosis were compared between the two groups.ResultsIn total, 99 patients underwent pancreatectomy. Ninety‐four patients were positive for lymph node metastases and 14 and 80 were classified as LN#14 + and LN#14 − , respectively. Postoperative median overall survival (OS) of the LN#14 + and LN#14 − groups was 10.2 and 31.1 months, respectively (P < 0.001). Median OS of the LN#14 + group was worse than that of patients with ≥ 4 metastatic nodes in the LN#14 − group (n = 35, 24.7 months, P = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, LN#14 + (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.89, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64–8.86) was one of the independent predictors of worse OS.ConclusionIt might be feasible to recognize LN#14 metastases as an important prognostic factor independently from other regional lymph node metastases.
Resolving the interactions of ocean acidification and temperature on coral calcification media pH
Authors: Allison Nicola , Cole Catherine , Hintz Chris , Hintz Ken , Rae James , Finch Adrian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOcean acidification typically reduces the calcification rates of massivePoritesspp. corals, but increasing seawater temperatures (below the stress and bleaching threshold) can offset this effect. Here, we use δ11B to reconstruct the pH of the calcification media (pHECM) used to precipitate the skeleton in poritid corals cultured over a range of seawater pCO2and at 25 °C and 28 °C. Increasing temperature had no significant effect on pHECMat high pCO2although corals increased their calcification rates. pHECMwas reduced at 28 °C compared to 25 °C at low seawater pCO2, although calcification rates remained constant. Increasing calcification rates could reflect the positive influence of temperature on aragonite precipitation rate, an increase in calcification media saturation state or a change in the concentration/behaviour of the skeletal organic matrix. The two temperatures utilized in this study were within the seasonal range at the coral collection site and do not represent a heat stress scenario. Increasing seawater temperatures may promote calcification in some corals in the future but are unlikely to benefit the majority of corals, which are already living close to their maximum thermal tolerance limits.
Patient-specific risk profile associated with early-onset primary osteoarthritis of the shoulder: is it really primary?
Authors: Plachel Fabian , Akgün Doruk , Imiolczyk Jan-Philipp , Minkus Marvin , Moroder Philipp 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Although age is considered to be the major risk factor of primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GOA), younger population may suffer from degenerative changes of the shoulder joint without evidence of any leading cause. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk profile in young patients suffering from presumably primary GOA.

Methods
A consecutive group of 47 patients undergoing primary shoulder arthroplasty for early-onset GOA below the age of 60 years at time of surgery was retrospectively identified and prospectively evaluated. Patients with identifiable cause for GOA (secondary GOA) were excluded. The resulting 32 patients (mean age 52 ± 7 years; 17 male, 15 female) with primary GOA were matched by age (± 3 years) and gender to 32 healthy controls (mean age 53 ± 7 years; 17 male, 15 female). Demographic data and patient-related risk factors were assessed and compared among both groups to identify extrinsic risk factors for primary GOA. Patients were further subdivided into a group with concentric GOA (group A) and a group with eccentric GOA (group B) to perform a subgroup analysis.

Results
Patients had a significantly higher BMI (p = 0.017), were more likely to be smokers (p < 0.001) and to have systematic diseases such as hypertension (p = 0.007) and polyarthritis (p < 0.001) and a higher Shoulder Activity Level (SAL) (p < 0.001) when compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, group B had a significantly higher SAL not only compared to healthy controls but also to group A, including activities such as combat sport (p = 0.048) and weightlifting (p = 0.01).

Conclusions
Several patient-specific risk factors are associated with primary GOA in the young population, as well as highly shoulder demanding activities in the development of eccentric GOA. Consequently, a subset of young patients with eccentric primary GOA could in reality be secondary due to a muscular imbalance between internal and external rotators caused by improper weight training.

Level of evidence
III, Case–Control study
The role of psycho-oncologic screenings in the detection and evaluation of depression in head and neck cancer aftercare patients
Authors: Hadas Stefan , Huhn Maximilian , Rentrop Michael , Wollenberg Barbara , Combs Stephanie , Pigorsch Steffi , Pickhard Anja , Buchberger Anna Maria Stefanie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Cancer and morbidity during a therapeutic regimen can result in somatic and psychiatric impairment. We have evaluated the need of appropriate psychological screening by analyzing a large collective of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients with particularly burdensome symptoms.

Methods
HNC-aftercare patients were asked about somatic and psychological symptoms by means of standardized questionnaires of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC Q30 and QLQ-H&N35). Patients with poor well-being values on the World Health Organization-5-Well-Being Index were screened for depression by using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and adequate treatment was initiated, if necessary.

Results
Our sample consisted of 453 HNC-aftercare patients (average age 64.5 years; 72.0% male; 28.0% female). 25.1% showed abnormalities based on their WHO-5 questionnaire. A current major depressive episode was observed in 8.5% of the total study group. Patients with lip and oral cavity tumors showed the highest depression prevalence (18.9%). Time since initial HNC diagnosis showed no clear trend with regard to the number of depression cases. 50.0% of patients with a current major depressive episode consented to receiving assistance and/or therapy. Within the total study population, the most burdensome symptoms were found to be “dry mouth” (48.3%), “trouble doing strenuous activities” (46.0%), “trouble taking a long walk” (38.5%), and “worry” (35.5%). Aftercare patients with a depression diagnosis tended to have heavier symptom burdens than people without major depression.

Conclusions
Despite the various cancer-related burdensome factors, prevalence levels of depression among the HNC-aftercare patients and the general population were similar. Nevertheless, since the number of diagnosed depression cases is high, the need for psychological treatment should be considered within the tumor collective. Furthermore, screening for depression should be implemented in clinical routines by using the appropriate standardized questionnaires.
Impact of excessive alcohol abuse on age prediction using the VISAGE enhanced tool for epigenetic age estimation in blood
Authors: Piniewska-Róg Danuta , Heidegger Antonia , Pośpiech Ewelina , Xavier Catarina , Pisarek Aleksandra , Jarosz Agata , Woźniak Anna , Wojtas Marta , Phillips Christopher , Kayser Manfred , Parson Walther , Branicki Wojciech ,   the VISAGE Consortium
Published: August 2021

AbstractDNA methylation-based clocks provide the most accurate age estimates with practical implications for clinical and forensic genetics. However, the effects of external factors that may influence the estimates are poorly studied. Here, we evaluated the effect of alcohol consumption on epigenetic age prediction in a cohort of extreme alcohol abusers. Blood samples from deceased alcohol abusers and age- and sex-matched controls were analyzed using the VISAGE enhanced tool for age prediction from somatic tissues that enables examination of 44 CpGs within eight age markers. Significantly altered DNA methylation was recorded for alcohol abusers in MIR29B2CHG. This resulted in a mean predicted age of 1.4 years higher compared to the controls and this trend increased in older individuals. The association of alcohol abuse with epigenetic age acceleration, as determined by the prediction analysis performed based on MIR29B2CHG, was small but significant (β = 0.190; P-value = 0.007). However, the observed alteration in DNA methylation of MIR29B2CHG had a non-significant effect on age estimation with the VISAGE age prediction model. The mean absolute error in the alcohol-abusing cohort was 3.1 years, compared to 3.3 years in the control group. At the same time, upregulation of MIR29B2CHG expression may have a biological function, which merits further studies.
18 F-FDG-PET/MRI in patients with Graves’ orbitopathy.
Authors: Weber Manuel , Deuschl Cornelius , Bechrakis Nikolaos , Umutlu Lale , Antoch Gerald , Eckstein Anja , Binse Ina , Oeverhaus Michael 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Currently, therapeutic management of patients with Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) relies on clinical assessments and MRI. However, monitoring of inflammation remains difficult since external inflammatory signs do not necessarily represent the orbital disease activity. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG-PET/MRI to assess the inflammation of GO patients.

Methods
Enrolled patients with new onset of GO underwent ophthalmological examinations to evaluate the activity (CAS) and severity of GO (NOSPECS), as well as an 18F-FDG-PET/MRI (Siemens Biograph mMR) with dual time point imaging (immediately post-injection and 60 min p.i.). A subset of PET parameters including maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic target volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were obtained separately per eye and per extraocular eye muscle (EOM). EOM thickness was measured on the co-registered MRI.

Results
Of 14 enrolled patients, three showed mild, seven moderate-to-severe, and four sight-threatening GO. Patients with severe GO showed statistically significant higher TLG than patients with mild GO (p = 0.02) and higher MTV than patients with mild (p = 0.03) and moderate (p = 0.04) GO. Correlation between NOSPECS on one hand and MTV and TLG on the other was significant (R2 = 0.49–0.61).

Conclusion
TLG and MTV derived from FDG-PET appear to be good discriminators for severe vs. mild-to-moderate GO and show a significant correlation with NOSPECS. As expected, PET parameters of individual eye muscles were not correlated with associated eye motility, since fibrosis, and not inflammation, is mainly responsible for restricted motility. In conclusion, 18F-FDG-PET/MRI can be used for assessment of GO inflammation.
Association between number of parathyroid glands identified during total thyroidectomy and functional parathyroid preservation
Authors: Riordan Fiona , Murphy Matthew S. , Feeley Linda , Sheahan Patrick 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Systematic identification of all 4 parathyroid glands has been recommended during total thyroidectomy (TT); however, it is unclear whether this strategy necessarily translates into optimized functional parathyroid preservation. We wished to investigate the association between number of parathyroids identified intraoperatively during TT, and incidence of incidental parathyroidectomy, and postoperative hypoparathyroidism.

Methods
Retrospective review of prospectively maintained database of 511 consecutive patients undergoing TT at an academic teaching hospital. The association between number of parathyroid glands identified intraoperatively and incidence of biochemical hypocalcaemia (defined as any calcium < 2 mmol/L n first 48 h after surgery), symptomatic hypocalcaemia; permanent hypoparathyroidism (defined as any hypocalcaemia or need for calcium or vitamin D > 6 months after surgery), and incidental parathyroidectomy, was investigated. The association between number of parathyroid glands visualized and postoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels was investigated in a subset of 454 patients.

Results
Patients in whom a greater number of parathyroids had been identified had a significantly higher incidence of biochemical and symptomatic hypocalcaemia, and significantly lower postoperative PTH levels, than patients with fewer glands identified. There were no significant differences in incidence of permanent hypoparathyroidism or incidental parathyroidectomy. On multivariate analysis, malignancy, Graves disease, and identification of 3–4 parathyroids were independent predictors of biochemical hypocalcaemia. For symptomatic hypocalcaemia, identification of 2–4 parathyroids, and identification of 3–4 parathyroids, were significant.

Conclusions
Systematic identification of as many parathyroid glands as possible during TT is not necessary for functional parathyroid preservation.