bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Candidate Synovial Fluid Biomarkers for the Prediction of Patient Outcome After Microfracture or Osteotomy
Authors: Hulme Charlotte H. , Peffers Mandy J. , Harrington Gabriel Mateus Bernardo , Wilson Emma , Perry Jade , Roberts Sally , Gallacher Pete , Jermin Paul , Wright Karina T. 
Published: April 2021

Background: Biomarkers are needed to predict clinical outcomes for microfracture and osteotomy surgeries to ensure patients can be better stratified to receive the most appropriate treatment. Purpose: To identify novel biomarker candidates and to investigate the potential of a panel of protein biomarkers for the prediction of clinical outcome after treatment with microfracture or osteotomy. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: To identify novel candidate biomarker proteins, we used label-free quantitation after liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry of dynamic range-compressed synovial fluids (SFs) from individuals who responded excellently or poorly (based on change in Lysholm score) to microfracture (n = 6) or osteotomy (n = 7). Biomarkers that were identified in this proteomic analysis or that relate to osteoarthritis (OA) severity or have predictive value in another early OA therapy (autologous cell implantation) were measured in the SF of 19 and 13 patients before microfracture or osteotomy, respectively, using commercial immunoassays, and were normalized to urea. These were aggrecanase-1 (ADAMTS-4), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), hyaluronan (HA), lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1), matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 3, soluble CD14, S100 calcium binding protein A13, and 14-3-3 protein theta (YWHAQ). Levels of COMP and HA were also measured in the plasma of these patients. To find predictors of postoperative function, multivariable regression analyses were performed. Results: Proteomic analyses highlighted YWHAQ and LYVE-1 as being differentially abundant between the clinical responders/improvers and nonresponders after microfracture. A linear regression model after backward variable selection could relate preoperative concentrations of SF proteins (HA, YWHAQ, LYVE-1), activity of ADAMTS-4, and patient demographic characteristics (smoker status and sex) with Lysholm score 12 months after microfracture. Further, a generalized linear model with elastic net penalization indicated that lower preoperative activity of ADAMTS-4 in SF, being a nonsmoker, and being younger at the time of operation were indicative of a higher postoperative Lysholm score (improved joint function) after osteotomy surgery. Conclusion: We have identified biomarkers and generated regression models with the potential to predict clinical outcome in patients treated with microfracture or osteotomy of the knee. Clinical Relevance: Candidate protein biomarkers identified in this study have the potential to help determine which patients will be best suited to treatment with microfracture or osteotomy.
Long-term National Trends of Arthroscopic Meniscal Repair and Debridement
Authors: Wasserburger Jory N. , Shultz Christopher L. , Hankins David A. , Korcek Lucas , Martin David F. , Amendola Annunziato , Richter Dustin L. , Schenck Robert C. , Treme Gehron P. 
Published: April 2021

Background: Optimal treatment of meniscal pathology continues to evolve in orthopaedic surgery, with a growing understanding of which patients benefit from which procedure and which patients might be best treated nonsurgically. In 2002, Moseley et al found no difference between arthroscopic procedures, including meniscal debridement and sham surgery, in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. This called into question the role of routine arthroscopic debridement in these patients. Additionally, an increased interest in understanding and maintaining the function of the meniscus has more recently resulted in a greater focus on meniscal preservation procedures. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to evaluate the trends of arthroscopic meniscal debridement and repair and the characteristics of the patients receiving these treatments, compare the differences in practice between newly trained orthopaedic sports medicine specialists and those of other specialties, and analyze if there are differences in practice by region. It was hypothesized that the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) database would evaluate practice patterns of recent graduates as a surrogate for current treatment and training and, consequently, demonstrate a decreased rate of meniscal debridement. Methods: Data from ABOS Part II examinees from 2001 to 2017 were obtained from the ABOS Case List. Current Procedure Terminology (CPT) codes related to arthroscopic meniscal treatment were selected. The examination year, age of the patient, practice region, and examinee subspecialty were analyzed. Patient age was stratified into 4 groups: <30, 30 to 50, 51 to 65, and >65 years. Examinee subspecialty was stratified into sports medicine and non–sports medicine. Statistical regression analysis was performed. Results: Between 2001 and 2017, ABOS Part II examinees submitted 131,047 cases with CPT codes 29880 to 29883. Meniscal debridement volume decreased for all age groups during the study period, while repair increased. Sports medicine subspecialists were more likely than their counterparts to perform repair over debridement in patients aged younger than 30 years ( P = .0004) and between 30 and 50 years ( P = .0005). Conclusion: This study provides insights into arthroscopic meniscal debridement and repair practice trends among ABOS Part II examinees. Meniscal debridement is decreasing and meniscal repair is increasing. Younger patient age and treatment by a sports medicine subspecialty examinee are associated with a higher likelihood of repair over debridement.
Arthroscopic Repair of the Hip Abductor Musculotendinous Unit: The Effect of Microfracture on Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Kocaoglu Baris , Paksoy Ahmet Emre , Cerciello Simone , Ollivier Matthieu , Seil Romain , Safran Marc 
Published: April 2021

Background: Endoscopic surgical repair has become a common procedure for treating patients with hip abductor tendon tears. Considering that retear rates are high after the repair of gluteus medius and minimus tendons, exploring alternative strategies to enhance structural healing is important. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding microfracture to single-row repair (SR) on outcomes after the surgical repair of gluteus medius and minimus tendons and compare with SR and double-row repair (DR) without microfracture. We hypothesized that microfracture of the trochanteric footprint with SR would lead to superior clinical outcomes and lower clinically evident retear rates compared with SR and DR without the addition of microfracture. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 50 patients who underwent primary arthroscopic repair of hip gluteus medius and minimus tendon tears were investigated. Patients were divided into 3 groups: DR, 16 patients; SR, 14 patients; and SR with microfracture (SRM), 20 patients. Patients were evaluated with a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain as well as the Hip Outcome Score–Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL), Hip Outcome Score–Sport Specific (HOS-SS), and modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) both preoperatively and at a minimum 2-year follow-up (mean, 30 months). Results: Among the SR, SRM, and DR groups, the greatest decrease in VAS scores and increase in mHHS, HOS-ADL, and HOS-SS scores were seen in the SRM group, and all the differences were significant ( P < .001 to P = .006). The abductor tendon retear rates were 31.3%, 35.7%, and 15.0% in the DR, SR, and SRM groups, respectively. Retear rates were lower in the SRM group compared with the SR and DR groups ( P = .042); however, there was no significant difference between the SR and DR groups ( P = .32) in terms of retear rates. Conclusion: Endoscopic SR with microfracture was a safe, practical, and effective technique and had the potential advantage of enhancing biological healing at the footprint. The addition of microfracturing the trochanteric footprint significantly lowered the retear rate and provided better functional outcomes than SR and DR without microfracture.
The feasibility of multimodal fiber optic spectroscopy analysis in bladder cancer detection, grading, and staging
Authors: Morselli Simone , Baria Enrico , Cicchi Riccardo , Liaci Andrea , Sebastianelli Arcangelo , Nesi Gabriella , Serni Sergio , Pavone Francesco Saverio , Gacci Mauro 
Published: April 2021

Objective: To prove the feasibility of Multimodal Fiber Optic Spectroscopy (MFOS) analysis in bladder cancer (BCa) detection, grading, and staging. Materials and methods: Bladder specimens from patients underwent TURBT or TURP were recorded and analyzed with MFOS within 30 min from excision. In detail, our MFOS combined fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, and diffuse reflectance. We used these optical techniques to collect spectra from bladder biopsies, then we compared the obtained results to gold standard pathological analysis. Finally, we developed a classification algorithm based on principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis. Results: A total of 169 specimens were collected and analyzed from 114 patients, 40 (23.7%) healthy (from TURP), and 129 (76.3%) with BCa. BCa specimens were divided according to their grade—34 (26.4%) low grade (LG) and 95 (73.6%) high grade (HG) BCa—and stage—64 (49.6%) Ta, 45 (34.9%) T1, and 20 (15.5%) T2. MFOS-based classification algorithm correctly discriminated healthy versus BCa with 90% accuracy, HG versus LG with 83% accuracy. Furthermore, it assessed tumor stage with 75% accuracy for Ta versus T1, 85% for T1 versus T2, and 86% for Ta versus T2. Conclusions: Our preliminary results suggest that MFOS could be a reliable, fast, and label-free tool for BCa assessment, providing also grading and staging information. This technique could be applied in future for in vivo inspection as well as of ex vivo tissue biopsies. Thus, MFOS might improve urothelial cancer management. Further studies are required.
Perceived Stress among Iranians during COVID-19 Pandemic; Stressors and Coping Mechanisms: A Mixed-methods Approach
Authors: Faghankhani Masoomeh , Sodagari Faezeh , Shokrani Marjan , Baradaran Hamid Reza , Adabi Alimohammad , Zabihi Masoud , Adeli Aliyeh Mahdavi , Fathimakvand Mahdi , Golalipour Elahe , Aghdasi Sina , Javanbakht Arash , Nadoushan Amir Hossein Jalali 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveNew coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic socioeconomically affected the world. In this study, we measured the perceived stress in response to the COVID-19 pandemic among Iranians to determine the groups at both extremes of the spectrum followed by identifying the stressors and coping mechanisms.MethodsThis study was a mixed-methods study. We distributed a web-based 10-item perceived stress scale (PSS-10), to measure perceived stress score (PSS), through social networks from March 12 to 23, 2020. Then, we interviewed 42 students, 31 homemakers, 27 healthcare providers, and 21 male participants to identify the sources of stress and coping mechanisms.ResultsFinally, 13,454 participants completed the questionnaires. The median and interquartile range (IQR) of the participants’ PSS was 21 (15-25). Students, homemakers, and healthcare workers (HCWs) showed a higher median (IQR) of PSS compared to other groups (23 [18 to 27], 22 [16 to 26], and 19 [14 to 24], respectively). Male participants showed a lower median (IQR) PSS (17 [12 to 23]). Content analysis of 121 participants’ answers showed that the most common stressors were school-related issues mentioned by students, family-related issues mentioned by homemakers, and COVID-19-related issues mentioned by healthcare providers. Male participants’ coping mechanisms were mostly related to the perception of their abilities to cope with the current crisis.ConclusionOur participants clinically showed a moderate level of PSS. The main stressors among students, homemakers, and HCWs were related to their principal role in this period, and male participants’ coping mechanisms were inspired by the self-image retrieved from the social perspectives.
Can Fall Risk Screening and Fall Prevention Advice in Hospital Settings Motivate Older Adult Patients to Take Action to Reduce Fall Risk?
Authors: Barmentloo Lotte M. , Erasmus Vicki , Olij Branko F. , Haagsma Juanita A. , Mackenbach Johan P. , Oudshoorn Christian , Schuit Stephanie C. E. , van der Velde Nathalie , Polinder Suzanne 
Published: April 2021

Objective: We investigated whether an in-hospital intervention consisting of fall risk screening and tailored advice could prompt patients to take preventive action. Method: Patients (≥70) attending the emergency department and nephrology outpatient clinic in a Dutch hospital were screened. Patients at high risk received tailored advice based on their individual risk factors. Three months after screening, preventive steps taken by patients were surveyed. Results: Two hundred sixteen patients were screened. Of the 83 patients completing a 3-month follow-up, 51.8% took action; among patients who received tailored advice ( n = 20), 70% took action. Patients most often adhered to advice on improving muscle strength and undergoing vision checkups (20%). Tailored advice and a reported low quality of life were associated with consulting a health care provider. Discussion: Patients at risk in these settings are inclined to take action after screening. However, they do not always adhere to the tailored prevention advice.
Dimensionality and Reliability Assessment of a Field Implementation of the Big Five in Mexican Children
Authors: Peralta Yadira , Aguilar-Rodriguez Adriana , González Dávila Osiel , Miranda Alfonso 
Published: April 2021

According to the literature, the use of the Berkeley Puppet Interview (BPI) to measure Big Five personality traits in children provides reliable and valid scores. However, the implementation of the BPI could be costly, especially when working with large sample sizes. Big Five self-reports were collected from 1118 Mexican children aged 7–8 years using a modified version of the BPI protocol and a Spanish version of the Big Five questionnaire. The main objective of this study was to inquire whether some modifications in the application protocol of the BPI could still provide reliable personality scores for the population under study. We report item–rest correlation, Cronbach’s alpha and omega as reliability measures, and confirmatory factor analytic models to investigate dimensionality. The results show that the personality trait scores are markedly reliable and that the dimensionality of the instrument holds for the Mexican sample.
In Vitro Stimulation of Whole Milk Specimens: A Field-Friendly Method to Assess Milk Immune Activity
Authors: Wander Katherine , Fujita Masako , Spathis Rita , Li Shanita , Armstrong Daniel , Pechera Jane , Anyim Rachael , Manganello Morgan , Torres Cruz , Herbin Camilla , Cradin Brooke , Margolin Farrah 
Published: April 2021

Background The immune system of milk protects against infections and guides immune system development. A system-level understanding of milk immune activity is critical for research into infant infectious disease risk and lifelong health. Research aim To describe a protocol to characterize immune activity in human milk via in vitro stimulation for use in population-based (rather than clinical) research. Methods This study proceeded in two phases, each with a cross-sectional design. Human milk specimens were incubated for 24 hr at 37 °C in mammalian cell culture medium with stimuli (e.g., Salmonella enterica) in a CO2-enriched environment. Immune responses to stimuli were characterized as the change in cytokine: [stimulated]/[baseline]. Predictors of cytokine responses were evaluated with generalized linear models. Results Patterns were detectable across mother–child dyads: Interleukin-6 responses to stimuli were generally positively associated with child age and with maternal autoimmune disease. Conclusions Our method allows characterization of pro-inflammatory milk immune activity in vitro in population-based (rather than clinical) research settings. In vitro activity has a system-level interpretation and is likely to be of broad utility in global health research in settings with high infectious disease risk, where understanding the immune system of milk is critical to understanding maternal and child health.
Development of a Remote Public Health Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience in Response to COVID-19
Authors: Kiles Tyler Marie , Hagemann Tracy , Felts Brianna , Crill Catherine 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: In order to meet the needs of the COVID-19 public health crisis and to actively engage students in patient care opportunities, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy in partnership with the Tennessee Health Department, developed a remote Public Health Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) Elective. The objectives of this paper are to describe the development of and students’ experiences and learning outcomes during the elective. Faculty preceptor and experiential administrator’s perspectives are also described. Methods: This month-long APPE was developed in mid-March and delivered in April and May of 2020. The students volunteered in-person with the State of Tennessee COVID-19 Hotline call centers and conducted topic discussions and assignments virtually with a remote preceptor. Results: A total of 16 students completed this rotation experience. Student ratings of the experience were positive, and their knowledge improved in all topic areas. Students collectively completed approximately 700 hours manning the COVID-19 hotline and logged over 1,000 phone calls. Conclusions: In a time of unprecedented disruption to experiential learning, the development of this unique public health APPE directly benefited the college, the students, and the citizens of our state. The APPE described in this paper could be replicated in additional waves of the pandemic or adapted for similar disaster response.
Tobacco Use and Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Older Adults in India
Authors: Mbulo Lazarous , Murty Komanduri S. , Zhao Luhua , Smith Tenecia , Palipudi Krishna 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Current tobacco use (CTU) and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure among older adults in India (≥60 years) are prevalent in India and indicate the importance of addressing associated factors. Methods: Pooled Global Adult Tobacco Survey India 2009–2010 and 2016–2017 data ( n = 17,299) for older adults examined prevalence of CTU and SHS exposure at home and/or in public places and associated socioeconomic and demographic correlates. Results: CTU among older adults in India was 44.6%, and SHS exposure at home and public places were 20.0% and 30.0%, respectively. Men, younger age-group, rural, lower education, lower wealth index, and lower knowledge were independently associated with CTU. Men, rural, lower education, lower wealth index, CTU, and lower knowledge were independently associated with SHS exposure at home. Men, younger age, and rural residence were associated with SHS exposure in public places. Conclusion: CTU and SHS exposure among older adults in India suggest targeted interventions to address associated social and demographic factors.
mRNA expression analysis confirms CD44 splicing impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Latini Andrea , Novelli Lucia , Ceccarelli Fulvia , Barbati Cristiana , Perricone Carlo , De Benedittis Giada , Conti Fabrizio , Novelli Giuseppe , Ciccacci Cinzia , Borgiani Paola 
Published: April 2021

Background Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex chronic autoimmune disease characterized by several immunological alterations. T cells have a peculiar role in SLE pathogenesis, moving from the bloodstream to the peripheral tissues, causing organ damage. This process is possible for their increased adherence and migration capacity mediated by adhesion molecules, such as CD44. Ten different variant isoforms of this molecule have been described, and two of them, CD44v3 and CD44v6 have been found to be increased on SLE T cells compared to healthy controls, being proposed as biomarkers of disease and disease activity. The process of alternative splicing of CD44 transcripts is not fully understood. We investigated the mRNA expression of CD44v3 and CD44v6 and also analyzed possible CD44 splicing regulators (ESRP1 molecule and rs9666607 CD44 polymorphism) in a cohort of SLE patients compared to healthy controls. Methods This study involved 18 SLE patients and 18 healthy controls. Total RNA and DNA were extracted by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The expression study was conducted by quantitative RT-polymerase chain reaction, using SYBR Green protocol. Genotyping of rs9666607 SNP was performed by direct sequencing. Results CD44v6 mRNA expression was higher in SLE patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.028). CD44v3/v6 mRNA ratio in healthy controls was strongly unbalanced towards isoform v3 compared to SLE patients (p = 0.002) and decreased progressively from healthy controls to the SLE patients in remission and those with active disease (p = 0.015). The expression levels of CD44v3 and CD44v6 mRNA correlated with the disease duration (p = 0.038, Pearson r = 0.493 and p = 0.038, Pearson r = 0.495, respectively). Splicing regulator ESRP1 expression positively correlated with CD44v6 expression in healthy controls (p = 0.02, Pearson r = 0.532) but not in SLE patients. The variant A allele of rs9666607 of CD44 was associated with higher level of global CD44 mRNA (p = 0.04) but not with the variant isoforms. Conclusions In SLE patients, the increase in CD44v6 protein correlates with a higher transcript level of this isoform, confirming an impairment of CD44 splicing in the disease, whose regulatory mechanisms require further investigation.
Prevalence and treatment conditions for hypertension and dyslipidaemia complicated with systemic lupus erythematosus: A multi-centre cross-sectional study
Authors: Saito Mayu , Yajima Nobuyuki , Yanai Ryo , Tsubokura Yumi , Ichinose Kunihiro , Yoshimi Ryusuke , Ohno Shigeru , Sada Ken-ei 
Published: April 2021

Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence and actual treatment conditions for hypertension and dyslipidaemia complicated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods This was a cross-sectional study. We established the lupus registry of nationwide institutions (LUNA), a multi-centre cohort of SLE patients in Japan. From February 2016 to July 2018, 597 SLE patients were registered in the LUNA. We evaluated the incidence of hypertension and dyslipidaemia and analysed the risk factors for hypertension and dyslipidaemia by logistic regression analysis. Results Overall, 597 patients were enrolled in the study. The median age was 44 years, and 88.0% of the patients were female. Among all the patients, 92.9% used prednisolone. The prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidaemia was 43.9% and 54.7%, respectively. Among the patients receiving medication for hypertension, 24.7% exhibited insufficient control (systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg), and among those receiving medication for hyperlipidaemia, 48.1% showed insufficient control (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol >140 mg/dL or triglyceride >150 mg/dL). The risk factors for hypertension were age, body mass index (BMI), disease duration, past maximum dose of prednisolone, and renal involvement, whereas those for dyslipidaemia were age and BMI. Conclusion About half of the patients had hypertension or dyslipidaemia, and a considerable number of cases were poorly controlled despite medication. Our data suggest that physicians should treat SLE activity as well as its complications, especially the common risk factors for atherosclerosis.