bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Charge order textures induced by non-linear couplings in a half-doped manganite
Authors: El Baggari Ismail , Baek David J. , Zachman Michael J. , Lu Di , Hikita Yasuyuki , Hwang Harold Y. , Nowadnick Elizabeth A. , Kourkoutis Lena F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe self-organization of strongly interacting electrons into superlattice structures underlies the properties of many quantum materials. How these electrons arrange within the superlattice dictates what symmetries are broken and what ground states are stabilized. Here we show that cryogenic scanning transmission electron microscopy (cryo-STEM) enables direct mapping of local symmetries and order at the intra-unit-cell level in the model charge-ordered system Nd1/2Sr1/2MnO3. In addition to imaging the prototypical site-centered charge order, we discover the nanoscale coexistence of an exotic intermediate state which mixes site and bond order and breaks inversion symmetry. We further show that nonlinear coupling of distinct lattice modes controls the selection between competing ground states. The results demonstrate the importance of lattice coupling for understanding and manipulating the character of electronic self-organization and that cryo-STEM can reveal local order in strongly correlated systems at the atomic scale.
Room-temperature single-photon source with near-millisecond built-in memory
Authors: Dideriksen Karsten B. , Schmieg Rebecca , Zugenmaier Michael , Polzik Eugene S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNon-classical photon sources are a crucial resource for distributed quantum networks. Photons generated from matter systems with memory capability are particularly promising, as they can be integrated into a network where each source is used on-demand. Among all kinds of solid state and atomic quantum memories, room-temperature atomic vapours are especially attractive due to their robustness and potential scalability. To-date room-temperature photon sources have been limited either in their memory time or the purity of the photonic state. Here we demonstrate a single-photon source based on room-temperature memory. Following heralded loading of the memory, a single photon is retrieved from it after a variable storage time. The single-photon character of the retrieved field is validated by the strong suppression of the two-photon component with antibunching as low as $${g}_{{\rm{RR| W = 1}}}^{(2)}=0.20\pm 0.07$$

g

RR∣W=1

(

2

)

=
0.20
±
0.07
. Non-classical correlations between the heralding and the retrieved photons are maintained for up to $${\tau }_{{\rm{NC}}}^{{\mathcal{R}}}=(0.68\pm 0.08)\ {\rm{ms}}$$

τ

NC

R

=

(

0.68
±
0.08

)

ms
, more than two orders of magnitude longer than previously demonstrated with other room-temperature systems. Correlations sufficient for violating Bell inequalities exist for up to τBI = (0.15 ± 0.03) ms.
Fusion transcripts FYN-TRAF3IP2 and KHDRBS1-LCK hijack T cell receptor signaling in peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified
Authors: Debackere Koen , Marcelis Lukas , Demeyer Sofie , Vanden Bempt Marlies , Mentens Nicole , Gielen Olga , Jacobs Kris , Broux Michael , Verhoef Gregor , Michaux Lucienne , Graux Carlos , Wlodarska Iwona , Gaulard Philippe , de Leval Laurence , Tousseyn Thomas , Cools Jan , Dierickx Daan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPeripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas with poor prognosis. Up to 30% of PTCL lack distinctive features and are classified as PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). To further improve our understanding of the genetic landscape and biology of PTCL-NOS, we perform RNA-sequencing of 18 cases and validate results in an independent cohort of 37 PTCL cases. We identifyFYN-TRAF3IP2,KHDRBS1-LCKandSIN3A-FOXO1as new in-frame fusion transcripts, withFYN-TRAF3IP2as a recurrent fusion detected in 8 of 55 cases. Using ex vivo and in vivo experiments, we demonstrate thatFYN-TRAF3IP2andKHDRBS1-LCKactivate signaling pathways downstream of the T cell receptor (TCR) complex and confer therapeutic vulnerability to clinically available drugs.
α-Helical peptidic scaffolds to target α-synuclein toxic species with nanomolar affinity
Authors: Santos Jaime , Gracia Pablo , Navarro Susanna , Peña-Díaz Samuel , Pujols Jordi , Cremades Nunilo , Pallarès Irantzu , Ventura Salvador 
Published: June 2021

Abstractα-Synuclein aggregation is a key driver of neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease and related syndromes. Accordingly, obtaining a molecule that targets α-synuclein toxic assemblies with high affinity is a long-pursued objective. Here, we exploit the biophysical properties of toxic oligomers and amyloid fibrils to identify a family of α-helical peptides that bind to these α-synuclein species with low nanomolar affinity, without interfering with the monomeric functional protein. This activity is translated into a high anti-aggregation potency and the ability to abrogate oligomer-induced cell damage. Using a structure-guided search we identify a human peptide expressed in the brain and the gastrointestinal tract with analogous binding, anti-aggregation, and detoxifying properties. The chemical entities we describe here may represent a therapeutic avenue for the synucleinopathies and are promising tools to assist diagnosis by discriminating between native and toxic α-synuclein species.
Multi-omics profiling of primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus reveals RB1 disruption and additional molecular subtypes
Authors: Li Renda , Yang Zhenlin , Shao Fei , Cheng Hong , Wen Yaru , Sun Sijin , Guo Wei , Li Zitong , Zhang Fan , Xue Liyan , Bi Nan , Wang Jie , Sun Yingli , Li Yin , Tan Fengwei , Xue Qi , Gao Shugeng , Shi Susheng , Gao Yibo , He Jie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPrimary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (PSCCE) is a lethal neuroendocrine carcinoma. Previous studies proposed a genetic similarity between PSCCE and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) but provided little evidence for differences in clinical course and neuroendocrine differentiation. We perform whole-exome sequencing, RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry profiling on 46 PSCCE cases. Integrated analyses enable the discovery of multiple mechanisms ofRB1disruption in 98% (45/46) of cases. The transcriptomic landscape of PSCCE closely resembles small cell lung cancer (SCLC) but differs from ESCC or esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Distinct gene expression patterns regulated byASCL1andNEUROD1define two molecular subtypes, PSCCE-A and PSCCE-N, which are highly similar to SCLC subtypes. A T cell excluded phenotype is widely observed in PSCCE. In conclusion, PSCCE has genomic alterations, transcriptome features and molecular subtyping highly similar to SCLC but distinct from ESCC or EAC. These observations are relevant to oncogenesis mechanisms and therapeutic vulnerability.
Wittichenite semiconductor of Cu3BiS3 films for efficient hydrogen evolution from solar driven photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Huang Dingwang , Li Lintao , Wang Kang , Li Yan , Feng Kuang , Jiang Feng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA highly efficient, low-cost and environmentally friendly photocathode with long-term stability is the goal of practical solar hydrogen evolution applications. Here, we found that the Cu3BiS3 film-based photocathode meets the abovementioned requirements. The Cu3BiS3-based photocathode presents a remarkable onset potential over 0.9 VRHE with excellent photoelectrochemical current densities (~7 mA/cm2 under 0 VRHE) and appreciable 10-hour long-term stability in neutral water solutions. This high onset potential of the Cu3BiS3-based photocathode directly results in a good unbiased operating photocurrent of ~1.6 mA/cm2 assisted by the BiVO4 photoanode. A tandem device of Cu3BiS3-BiVO4 with an unbiased solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 2.04% is presented. This tandem device also presents high stability over 20 hours. Ultimately, a 5 × 5 cm2 large Cu3BiS3-BiVO4 tandem device module is fabricated for standalone overall solar water splitting with a long-term stability of 60 hours.
Importance of the renal ion channel TRPM6 in the circadian secretion of renin to raise blood pressure
Authors: Funato Yosuke , Yamazaki Daisuke , Okuzaki Daisuke , Yamamoto Nobuhiko , Miki Hiroaki 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBlood pressure has a daily pattern, with higher values in the active period. Its elevation at the onset of the active period substantially increases the risk of fatal cardiovascular events. Renin secretion stimulated by renal sympathetic neurons is considered essential to this process; however, its regulatory mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we show the importance of transient receptor potential melastatin-related 6 (TRPM6), a Mg2+-permeable cation channel, in augmenting renin secretion in the active period. TRPM6 expression is significantly reduced in the distal convoluted tubule of hypotensiveCnnm2-deficient mice. We generate kidney-specificTrpm6-deficient mice and observe a decrease in blood pressure and a disappearance of its circadian variation. Consistently, renin secretion is not augmented in the active period. Furthermore, renin secretion after pharmacological activation of β-adrenoreceptor, the target of neuronal stimulation, is abrogated, and the receptor expression is decreased in renin-secreting cells. These results indicate crucial roles of TRPM6 in the circadian regulation of blood pressure.
Influenza virus infection expands the breadth of antibody responses through IL-4 signalling in B cells
Authors: Miyauchi Kosuke , Adachi Yu , Tonouchi Keisuke , Yajima Taiki , Harada Yasuyo , Fukuyama Hidehiro , Deno Senka , Iwakura Yoichiro , Yoshimura Akihiko , Hasegawa Hideki , Yugi Katsuyuki , Fujii Shin-ichiro , Ohara Osamu , Takahashi Yoshimasa , Kubo Masato 
Published: June 2021

AbstractInfluenza viruses are a major public health problem. Vaccines are the best available countermeasure to induce effective immunity against infection with seasonal influenza viruses; however, the breadth of antibody responses in infection versus vaccination is quite different. Here, we show that nasal infection controls two sequential processes to induce neutralizing IgG antibodies recognizing the hemagglutinin (HA) of heterotypic strains. The first is viral replication in the lung, which facilitates exposure of shared epitopes that are otherwise hidden from the immune system. The second process is the germinal center (GC) response, in particular, IL-4 derived from follicular helper T cells has an essential role in the expansion of rare GC-B cells recognizing the shared epitopes. Therefore, the combination of exposure of the shared epitopes and efficient proliferation of GC-B cells is critical for generating broadly-protective antibodies. These observations provide insight into mechanisms promoting broad protection from virus infection.
Detecting structural heterogeneity in single-molecule localization microscopy data
Authors: Huijben Teun A.P.M. , Heydarian Hamidreza , Auer Alexander , Schueder Florian , Jungmann Ralf , Stallinga Sjoerd , Rieger Bernd 
Published: June 2021

AbstractParticle fusion for single molecule localization microscopy improves signal-to-noise ratio and overcomes underlabeling, but ignores structural heterogeneity or conformational variability. We present a-priori knowledge-free unsupervised classification of structurally different particles employing the Bhattacharya cost function as dissimilarity metric. We achieve 96% classification accuracy on mixtures of up to four different DNA-origami structures, detect rare classes of origami occuring at 2% rate, and capture variation in ellipticity of nuclear pore complexes.
Enhanced specificity of clinical high-sensitivity tumor mutation profiling in cell-free DNA via paired normal sequencing using MSK-ACCESS
Authors: Rose Brannon A. , Jayakumaran Gowtham , Diosdado Monica , Patel Juber , Razumova Anna , Hu Yu , Meng Fanli , Haque Mohammad , Sadowska Justyna , Murphy Brian J. , Baldi Tessara , Johnson Ian , Ptashkin Ryan , Hasan Maysun , Srinivasan Preethi , Rema Anoop Balakrishnan , Rijo Ivelise , Agarunov Aaron , Won Helen , Perera Dilmi , Brown David N. , Samoila Aliaksandra , Jing Xiaohong , Gedvilaite Erika , Yang Julie L. , Stephens Dennis P. , Dix Jenna-Marie , DeGroat Nicole , Nafa Khedoudja , Syed Aijazuddin , Li Alan , Lebow Emily S. , Bowman Anita S. , Ferguson Donna C. , Liu Ying , Mata Douglas A. , Sharma Rohit , Yang Soo-Ryum , Bale Tejus , Benhamida Jamal K. , Chang Jason C. , Dogan Snjezana , Hameed Meera R. , Hechtman Jaclyn F. , Moung Christine , Ross Dara S. , Vakiani Efsevia , Vanderbilt Chad M. , Yao JinJuan , Razavi Pedram , Smyth Lillian M. , Chandarlapaty Sarat , Iyer Gopa , Abida Wassim , Harding James J. , Krantz Benjamin , O’Reilly Eileen , Yu Helena A. , Li Bob T. , Rudin Charles M. , Diaz Luis , Solit David B. , Arcila Maria E. , Ladanyi Marc , Loomis Brian , Tsui Dana , Berger Michael F. , Zehir Ahmet , Benayed Ryma 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCirculating cell-free DNA from blood plasma of cancer patients can be used to non-invasively interrogate somatic tumor alterations. Here we develop MSK-ACCESS (Memorial Sloan Kettering - Analysis of Circulating cfDNA to Examine Somatic Status), an NGS assay for detection of very low frequency somatic alterations in 129 genes. Analytical validation demonstrated 92% sensitivity in de-novo mutation calling down to 0.5% allele frequency and 99% for a priori mutation profiling. To evaluate the performance of MSK-ACCESS, we report results from 681 prospective blood samples that underwent clinical analysis to guide patient management. Somatic alterations are detected in 73% of the samples, 56% of which have clinically actionable alterations. The utilization of matched normal sequencing allows retention of somatic alterations while removing over 10,000 germline and clonal hematopoiesis variants. Our experience illustrates the importance of analyzing matched normal samples when interpreting cfDNA results and highlights the importance of cfDNA as a genomic profiling source for cancer patients.
Preventing corneal blindness caused by keratitis using artificial intelligence
Authors: Li Zhongwen , Jiang Jiewei , Chen Kuan , Chen Qianqian , Zheng Qinxiang , Liu Xiaotian , Weng Hongfei , Wu Shanjun , Chen Wei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractKeratitis is the main cause of corneal blindness worldwide. Most vision loss caused by keratitis can be avoidable via early detection and treatment. The diagnosis of keratitis often requires skilled ophthalmologists. However, the world is short of ophthalmologists, especially in resource-limited settings, making the early diagnosis of keratitis challenging. Here, we develop a deep learning system for the automated classification of keratitis, other cornea abnormalities, and normal cornea based on 6,567 slit-lamp images. Our system exhibits remarkable performance in cornea images captured by the different types of digital slit lamp cameras and a smartphone with the super macro mode (all AUCs>0.96). The comparable sensitivity and specificity in keratitis detection are observed between the system and experienced cornea specialists. Our system has the potential to be applied to both digital slit lamp cameras and smartphones to promote the early diagnosis and treatment of keratitis, preventing the corneal blindness caused by keratitis.
Ionic contrast across a lipid membrane for Debye length extension: towards an ultimate bioelectronic transducer
Authors: Lee Donggeun , Jung Woo Hyuk , Lee Suho , Yu Eui-Sang , Lee Taikjin , Kim Jae Hun , Song Hyun Seok , Lee Kwan Hyi , Lee Seok , Han Sang-Kook , Choi Myung Chul , Ahn Dong June , Ryu Yong-Sang , Kim Chulki 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDespite technological advances in biomolecule detections, evaluation of molecular interactions via potentiometric devices under ion-enriched solutions has remained a long-standing problem. To avoid severe performance degradation of bioelectronics by ionic screening effects, we cover probe surfaces of field effect transistors with a single film of the supported lipid bilayer, and realize respectable potentiometric signals from receptor–ligand bindings irrespective of ionic strength of bulky solutions by placing an ion-free water layer underneath the supported lipid bilayer. High-energy X-ray reflectometry together with the circuit analysis and molecular dynamics simulation discovered biochemical findings that effective electrical signals dominantly originated from the sub-nanoscale conformational change of lipids in the course of receptor–ligand bindings. Beyond thorough analysis on the underlying mechanism at the molecular level, the proposed supported lipid bilayer-field effect transistor platform ensures the world-record level of sensitivity in molecular detection with excellent reproducibility regardless of molecular charges and environmental ionic conditions.
From Slater to Mott physics by epitaxially engineering electronic correlations in oxide interfaces
Authors: Lupo Carla , Sheridan Evan , Fertitta Edoardo , Dubbink David , Pickard Chris J. , Weber Cedric 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUsing spin-assisted ab initio random structure searches, we explore an exhaustive quantum phase diagram of archetypal interfaced Mott insulators, i.e. lanthanum-iron and lanthanum-titanium oxides. In particular, we report that the charge transfer induced by the interfacial electronic reconstruction stabilises a high-spin ferrous Fe2+ state. We provide a pathway to control the strength of correlation in this electronic state by tuning the epitaxial strain, yielding a manifold of quantum electronic phases, i.e. Mott-Hubbard, charge transfer and Slater insulating states. Furthermore, we report that the electronic correlations are closely related to the structural oxygen octahedral rotations, whose control is able to stabilise the low-spin state of Fe2+ at low pressure previously observed only under the extreme high pressure conditions in the Earth’s lower mantle. Thus, we provide avenues for magnetic switching via THz radiations which have crucial implications for next generation of spintronics technologies.
Highly tunable magneto-optical response from magnesium-vacancy color centers in diamond
Authors: Pershin Anton , Barcza Gergely , Legeza Örs , Gali Adam 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDefect quantum bits (qubits) constitute an important emerging technology. However, it is necessary to explore new types of defects to enable large-scale applications. In this article, we examine the potential of magnesium-vacancy (MgV) in diamond to operate as a qubit by computing the key electronic- and spin properties with robust theoretical methods. We find that the electronic structure of MgV permits the coexistence of two loosely separated spin-states, where both can emerge as a ground state and be interconverted depending on the temperature and external strain. These results demonstrate a route to control the magneto-optical response of a qubit by modulating the operational conditions.
Josephson detection of time-reversal symmetry broken superconductivity in SnTe nanowires
Authors: Trimble C. J. , Wei M. T. , Yuan N. F. Q. , Kalantre S. S. , Liu P. , Han H.-J. , Han M.-G. , Zhu Y. , Cha J. J. , Fu L. , Williams J. R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA Josephson junction (JJ) couples the supercurrent flowing between two weakly linked superconductors to the phase difference between them via a current-phase relation (CPR). While a sinusoidal CPR is expected for conventional junctions with insulating weak links, devices made from some exotic materials may give rise to unconventional CPRs and unusual Josephson effects. In this work, we present such a case: we investigate the proximity-induced superconductivity in SnTe nanowires by incorporating them as weak links in JJs and observe a deviation from the standard CPR. We report on indications of an unexpected breaking of time-reversal symmetry in these devices, detailing the unconventional characteristics that reveal this behavior. These include an asymmetric critical current in the DC Josephson effect, a prominent second harmonic in the AC Josephson effect, and a magnetic diffraction pattern with a minimum in critical current at zero magnetic field. The analysis examines how multiband effects and the experimentally visualized ferroelectric domain walls give rise to this behavior, giving insight into the Josephson effect in materials that possess ferroelectricity and/or multiband superconductivity.
In-flight positional and energy use data set of a DJI Matrice 100 quadcopter for small package delivery
Authors: Rodrigues Thiago A. , Patrikar Jay , Choudhry Arnav , Feldgoise Jacob , Arcot Vaibhav , Gahlaut Aradhana , Lau Sophia , Moon Brady , Wagner Bastian , Matthews H. Scott , Scherer Sebastian , Samaras Constantine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe autonomously directed a small quadcopter package delivery Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle (UAV) or “drone” to take off, fly a specified route, and land for a total of 209 flights while varying a set of operational parameters. The vehicle was equipped with onboard sensors, including GPS, IMU, voltage and current sensors, and an ultrasonic anemometer, to collect high-resolution data on the inertial states, wind speed, and power consumption. Operational parameters, such as commanded ground speed, payload, and cruise altitude, were varied for each flight. This large data set has a total flight time of 10 hours and 45 minutes and was collected from April to October of 2019 covering a total distance of approximately 65 kilometers. The data collected were validated by comparing flights with similar operational parameters. We believe these data will be of great interest to the research and industrial communities, who can use the data to improve UAV designs, safety, and energy efficiency, as well as advance the physical understanding of in-flight operations for package delivery drones.
Baseline T-lymphocyte subset absolute counts can predict both outcome and severity in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients: a single center study
Authors: Iannetta Marco , Buccisano Francesco , Fraboni Daniela , Malagnino Vincenzo , Campogiani Laura , Teti Elisabetta , Spalliera Ilaria , Rossi Benedetta , Di Lorenzo Andrea , Palmieri Raffaele , Crea Angela , Zordan Marta , Vitale Pietro , Voso Maria Teresa , Andreoni Massimo , Sarmati Loredana 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the role of baseline lymphocyte subset counts in predicting the outcome and severity of COVID-19 patients. Hospitalized patients confirmed to be infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were included and classified according to in-hospital mortality (survivors/nonsurvivors) and the maximal oxygen support/ventilation supply required (nonsevere/severe). Demographics, clinical and laboratory data, and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were retrospectively analyzed. Overall, 160 patients were retrospectively included in the study. T-lymphocyte subset (total CD3+, CD3+ CD4+, CD3+ CD8+, CD3+ CD4+ CD8+ double positive [DP] and CD3+ CD4− CD8− double negative [DN]) absolute counts were decreased in nonsurvivors and in patients with severe disease compared to survivors and nonsevere patients (p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that absolute counts of CD3+ T-lymphocytes < 524 cells/µl, CD3+ CD4+ < 369 cells/µl, and the number of T-lymphocyte subsets below the cutoff (T-lymphocyte subset index [TLSI]) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Baseline T-lymphocyte subset counts and TLSI were also predictive of disease severity (CD3+  < 733 cells/µl; CD3+ CD4+ < 426 cells/µl; CD3+ CD8+ < 262 cells/µl; CD3+ DP < 4.5 cells/µl; CD3+ DN < 18.5 cells/µl). The evaluation of peripheral T-lymphocyte absolute counts in the early stages of COVID-19 might represent a useful tool for identifying patients at increased risk of unfavorable outcomes.