bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dysbioza mikrobiomu jelitowego w anoreksji psychicznej
Authors: Janczy Agata , Landowska Magdalena , Kochan Zdzisław 
Published: April 2021

Streszczenie
Anoreksja psychiczna (AN), zwana również jadłowstrętem psychicznym, to zaburzenie odżywiania, charakteryzujące się poważnym niedożywieniem, intensywnym strachem przed zwiększeniem masy ciała oraz zaburzonym obrazem własnego ciała. Choroba jest zależna od czynników biologicznych, psychologicznych i społeczno-kulturowych. Spośród różnych czynników biologicznych związanych z tym zaburzeniem, dużą uwagę przywiązuje się ostatnio do znaczenia mikrobioty jelit. Wyniki obserwacji dotyczących dysbiozy mikrobioty jelitowej u osób z anoreksją otworzyły nowe i obiecujące kierunki badań. Najnowsze obserwacje dotyczą zwłaszcza powiązania mikroorganizmów jelitowych z występowaniem funkcjonalnych zaburzeń żołądkowo-jelitowych związanych z anoreksją, z zaburzeniami lękowymi i depresyjnymi, a także z regulacją zachowań żywieniowych. Skład mikrobioty jelitowej różni się między pacjentami ze stwierdzoną anoreksją i osobami o prawidłowej masie ciała. Wynika to ze stosowania nieprawidłowej diety przez chorych, ale rośnie też zainteresowanie rolą mikrobioty jelit w patogenezie jadłowstrętu psychicznego, jej zmianami przez praktyki ponownego odżywiania, a zwłaszcza modulację składu mikrobiologicznego jelit za pomocą interwencji żywieniowych lub stosowania pre- i probiotyków jako środków wspomagających standardową terapię zaburzeń odżywiania. Następstwa zmiany sposobu żywienia w ramach leczenia AN są nieznane, co zwiększa potrzebę dalszych badań oraz pogłębiania wiedzy o osi mikrobiom-jelito-mózg. Jednak lepsza znajomość relacji mikrobiom jelit–mózg może być pomocna w usprawnieniu leczenia tego zaburzenia. W artykule przedstawiono aktualną wiedzę na temat przypuszczalnej roli mikrobioty jelit w patogenezie, przebiegu i leczeniu jadłowstrętu psychicznego.
Med en tydlig utgångspunkt i kristendomens synsätt och traditioner – om religionskunskapsämnets alkemi
Authors: Jonsson Linda , Månsson Niclas 
Published: April 2021

I den här artikeln utgår vi från religionsämnets reformering 2011 med syfte att ringa in vad ett mer faktabaserat och rationellt förhållningssätt till andra religioner samt vad företrädet för kristendom kan betyda för ämnets fostrande roll och uppgift på gymnasie­skolan. För att förstå vad ämnets innehåll och syfte innebär som en del i formandet av den önskade samhällsmedlemmen, utgår vi från Popkewitz förståelse av alkemi och analyserar ämnet i ett historiskt och teoretiskt perspektiv. Genom en konceptualisering av ämnet över tid identifieras fyra vågor som format ämnet: en konfessionell våg, en objektiv våg, en osäker våg och en våg som benämns objektiv 2.0. Den första vågen karaktäriseras av ett väl avgränsat kristendomsämne med tydligt syfte och innehåll. Den önskade eleven är ett lydande och underdånigt barn med rötter i den kristna läran. Den andra vågen förstås bäst utifrån sin objektiva orientering. Den önskade eleven är vidsynt och tolerant med en god förståelse för kristendom och andra religioner samt existentiell pluralism. Den tredje vågen visar ett religionskunskapsämne med stor spännvidd och gränslöst innehåll. Den önskade eleven är vidsynt med god förståelse för religiös och existentiell mångfald förankrat i en kristen tradition och västerländsk humanism. Den kristna underströmmen når i och med den fjärde vågens inramning återigen ytan. Inramningen och avgränsningen sker genom ett fokus på faktakunskaper och ett vetenskapligt-rationellt förhållningssätt samt förståelse för religion som ett socialt snarare än ett existentialistiskt fenomen. Vi avslutar artikeln med att diskutera några didaktiska implikationer relaterade till reformen 2011.
Nyckelord: religionskunskap, alkemi, socialisation, läroplan, didaktik
Impact of Corporate Reputation Dimensions on Consumer Trust
Authors: Stravinskienė Jurgita , Matulevičienė Miglė , Hopenienė Rimantė 
Published: April 2021

As global and local crises continue to destabilize stakeholders' trust in organizations, they need to find a long-term solution to the problem of declining trust. A critical marketing task for the sustainability of any business is to focus on the organization's reputation as a valuable, sustainable, and intangible asset of the organization. Growing trust in business is associated with corporate reputation that highlights company’s values and beliefs, shows the ways the company is trying to achieve its goals, to fulfil consumers’ expectations and its commitments. In some cases, a company does not even have to try to earn stakeholder trust as this function is performed by corporate reputation that develops positive stakeholders’ attitude towards the company as a reliable subject in the relationship. An analysis of the organization’s reputation and stakeholder trust in the organization revealed a lack of a systematic approach to how the reputation of one organization affects the trust of customers. The research focuses on the issue of consumer trust, consumer being one of the most important stakeholders. Differences in the impact of corporate reputation dimensions on consumer trust are noticed in different sectors, which creates the need for in-depth study of the issue. The aim of the article is to estimate the impact of corporate reputation on consumer trust and to determine which dimensions of corporate reputation affect different types of consumer trust. Empirical research findings are based on the case of pharmacy network in Lithuania. The pharmacy network is chosen for analysis due to the phenomenon that has appeared in the market, i.e., over the years decreasing trust in companies of one sector (pharmaceutical, in this case) has been unjustly identified with the situation in the other sector (pharmacy), which results in difficulties faced when building corporate reputation.
Dynamic FPAA-based Mixed-Signal Processing Circuit for Thin-Film CdTe/Lead-Free Perovskite Photodetectors
Authors: Pandiev Ivailo M. , Aleksandrova Mariya P. 
Published: April 2021

New photodetector structure combining thinned CdTe film with lead-free perovskite photoelectric film was produced and investigated. This setting of the CdTe thickness results in photodetector parameters’ competitiveness to the state-of-the-art in the field of advanced photoelectric materials. The device shows a promising sensitivity of ~40 μA/W, maximum responsivity of 10.6 mA/W at 460 nm, equal rise and fall times of 30 ms, and high linearity (maximum linearization error is less than 0.6 %). However, the optoelectronic performance of CdTe/lead-free perovskite structures integrated with signal processing circuit remains unexplored. For this purpose, Field Programmable Analogue Array (FPAA)-based mixed-signal processing circuit is developed for pulse width modulated electrical signal with duty cycle controlled by the illumination degree of the detecting photoelement. This novel approach guarantees a smooth change of the electrical output at a smooth change of the input illumination between the light and dark switching states and can be practically applied as a precise position detector of moving objects. The paper represents a synergistic connection between microelectronics, electronics, and signal technology.
Educação remota no ensino superior em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Azevedo Adriana Barroso de , Vilela Elaine Gomes , Gaviolli Fabiana Moreira 
Published: April 2021

Em tempos de pandemia global, todos os setores têm passado por uma reorganização física, estrutural e metodológica; com isso, a educação superior avança rapidamente para a significação do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Nessa perspectiva, este artigo pretende relatar experiências da educação remota no Ensino Superior em um centro universitário da cidade de São Paulo (SP). Em decorrência da pandemia por Covid-19, o ensino remoto foi viabilizado para dar continuidade ao processo de formação. Por meio das narrativas autobiográficas sugeridas por Connely e Clandinin (2016) é possível evidenciar as diversas facetas desse processo transitório educacional. As narrativas são decorrentes de avaliações educacionais por meio de formulários online, reuniões gravadas em salas virtuais e vídeos depoimentos, além das narrativas das pesquisadoras. As experiências vivenciadas nesse novo espaço, onde cada um, de forma isolada, dá continuidade ao seu processo de trabalho nas diversas esferas como gestores, coordenadores, docentes, e alunos evidenciam nuances singulares de um processo de significação. Dessa forma, a prática reflexiva dos atores desse cenário compõe uma teia de experiências que são galgadas e descobertas dia a dia. O artigo pretende trazer contribuições para um ensino superior remoto de qualidade, viabilizando possibilidades no processo de ensino-aprendizagem na qual os alunos são o cerne de todas as decisões.
Palavras-chave: Ensino Superior. Educação remota. Narrativas de experiências. Covid-19. Processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Adaptation of the Beliefs about Well-Being Scale to the Spanish population
Authors: San Martín García Jesús , Perles Fabiola , García Martín Miguel Angel , Canto-Ortiz Jesús 
Published: April 2021

El estudio de la felicidad y el bienestar está recibiendo cada vez más atención en diferentes campos. Las investigaciones recientes sobre el bienestar se han centrado en profundizar en la concepción del individuo sobre la experiencia del bienestar. McMahan y Estes (2011a) crearon una escala que evalúa las concepciones legas del bienestar en base a cuatro dimensiones: la experiencia de placer, la evitación de la experiencia negativa, el autodesarrollo y la contribución a los demás. El objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar esta escala, Beliefs about Well-Being Scale (BWBS), a la población española. La muestra estuvo formada por 1.024 participantes de la población general con un intervalo de edad entre 17 y 87 años. El análisis factorial confirmatorio da como resultado una estructura de cuatro dimensiones, similar a la escala original, aunque en la adaptación de la escala los ítems disminuyen de 16 a 12. Los resultados del análisis de fiabilidad revelan índices similares a los de la escala original. Estos resultados confirman la validez de la Escala de Creencias sobre el Bienestar con población general en un contexto cultural diferente al del estudio original. Esto permitirá realizar estudios transculturales para analizar la influencia de la cultura en la percepción del bienestar
The study of happiness and well-being is receiving increased attention in different fields. Recent research into well-being has focused on delving deeper into the individual’s conception about the experience of well-being. McMahan and Estes (2011a) created a scale that assesses lay conceptions of well-being (BWBS) based on four dimensions: the experience of pleasure, avoidance of negative experience, self-development and contribution to others. The goal of this study was to adapt this scale, the Beliefs about Well-Being Scale, to the Spanish population. The sample consisted of 1,024 participants from the general population ranging in age interval from 17 to 87 years old. The confirmatory factorial analysis results in a structure of four dimensions, similar to the original scale, although in the adaptation of the scale the items decrease from 16 to 12. The results of the reliability analysis reveal indexes similar to those of the original scale. These results confirm the validity of Beliefs about Well-Being Scale with general population in a cultural context different from the original study. This will allow cross-cultural studies to analyze the influence of culture in the perception of well-being.
Adaptación transcultural y validación de la Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) para jóvenes chilenos
Authors: Hidalgo-Rasmussen Carlos Alejandro , Chávez-Flores Yolanda Viridiana , Rojas María Jaqueline , Vilugrón Fabiola 
Published: April 2021

El estudio de la resiliencia como recuperación del estrés se ha extendido, y se requiere dar cuenta del desarrollo y las propiedades psicométricas de las escalas que permiten utilizarla. El objetivo fue adaptar transculturalmente la Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) y evaluar sus propiedades psicométricas en población joven chilena. Participaron en el año 2016, tres traductores, y 1,237 estudiantes de 18 a 24 años de una universidad de la zona Central de Chile, 60.8% mujeres y 39.2% hombres. Se consiguió la equivalencia lingüística y conceptual después de una doble traducción, retro traducción y de realizar las entrevistas cognitivas con la población diana. Se observaron dificultades en el ítem 2. Del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio surgieron dos factores. Los índices de ajuste del Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio fueron adecuados: χ2 = 9.256(6), p = .160; CFI = .995; TLI = .988; RMSEA = .035, IC 90% [.000, .076]. El omega total .81. La estabilidad por ítem fue moderada y para la puntuación total, elevada. Las medias en general fueron menores en mujeres, pero similares entre grupos de edad. Hubo evidencia de validez concurrente y convergente. La versión chilena de la BRS puede ser útil para medir la resiliencia en jóvenes chilenos.
The study of resilience as recovery from stress has been extended, and it is necessary to account for the development and psychometric properties of the scales that allow it to be used. The aim was to report on the cross-cultural adaptation process and psychometric properties of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) in young Chilean population. In 2016, three translators, and 1,237 students between 18 and 24 years old from a university in the Fifth Region of Chile participated. Linguistic and conceptual equivalence was achieved after carried out a double translation, back-translation and cognitive interviews with the target population. Difficulties were observed in item 2. From the Exploratory Factor Analysis, two factors emerged. In the Confirmatory Factorial Analysis, the fit indexes were suitable: χ2 = 9.256(6), p = .160; CFI = .995; TLI = .988; RMSEA = .035 CI 90% [.000, .076]. Total omega was .81. The stability per item was moderate; and high for the total score. Means were generally lower in women than in men but similar among age groups. It has evidence for concurrent and convergent validity. The BRS Chilean version might be useful for measuring resilience in young Chileans.
Assessment of Patient’s Response about Adverse Drug Reactions Receiving AC (Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide) Therapy: A Survey Research
Authors: Jamali Jameela , Dayo Abdullah , Memon Naheed , Mughal Ubed-ur-Rehman , Khatri Muhammad Akram , Muhammad Shaib , Qureshi Yasmeen , Khan Tooba 
Published: April 2021

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are most common among cancer patients receiving treatment. AC therapy which is a combination protocol of Adriamycin (doxorubicin) and Cyclophosphamide are the common therapies used for breast cancer treatment due to their effectiveness and cost of therapy breast cancer. AC combination is administered every 3 weeks, and 4 cycles are given.
Objectives: To assess various ADRs reported by patients on AC combination therapy and their severity to ensure safe and effective treatment.
Design: Prospective observational.
Setting: Cancer hospital Jamshoro Pakistan.
Patients and Methods: A hospital based observational study included 160 female patients suffering from breast cancer and receiving AC combination for treatment by purposive sampling method from June 2015- January 2018 at cancer hospital Jamshoro Pakistan. ADRs reported were compared against international standard references of drug literature such as British National Formulary (BNF) 2017 and ADR severity assessment scale (Modified Hartwig and Siegel scale).
Main Outcome Measures: Frequency and severity of ADRs.
Results: The common ADRs reported were, nausea and vomiting, acidity, fatigue, hair fall as common non-hematologic and leukopenia among hematologic ADRs. Those patients reported high severity ADRs according to severity scale persist for longer duration and required antidote for management with medical intervention.
Conclusion: The present study shows that a patient’s response towards AC therapy is critical and therefore each patient must be monitored and those at high risk of developing ADRs from this therapy must be provided additional care.
Skin‐Inspired Double‐Hydrophobic‐Coating Encapsulated Hydrogels with Enhanced Water Retention Capacity
Authors: Zhu Tang , Jiang Chi , Wang Mingliang , Zhu Caizhen , Zhao Ning , Xu Jian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTraditional hydrogels always lose their flexibility and functions in dry environments because the internal water inevitably undergoes evaporation. In this study, a skin‐inspired, facile, and versatile strategy for developing encapsulated hydrogels with excellent water retention capacity through a double‐hydrophobic coating is proposed. The robust double‐layer coating, which integrates a hydrophobic polymer coating with a hydrophobic oil layer simultaneously, can provide a barrier to prevent the evaporation of water. To overcome the weak interfacial strength between the hydrophilic hydrogel surface and the double‐hydrophobic coating, (3‐aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) is utilized as a chemical binding agent. Furthermore, the overall mechanical properties of the bulk hydrogel are not significantly affected, because the coating is only anchored to the surface and its thickness is much lower than that of the native hydrogel. Moreover, it is demonstrated that this proposed strategy particularly holds the capability of encapsulating various types and different shapes of hydrogels, leading to enhanced stability and a prolonged lifetime in air. Therefore, the proposed technology provides new insights for multifarious surface functionalization of hydrogel and broadens the range of hydrogel applications.
Graphene‐Like Hydrogen‐Bonded Melamine–Cyanuric Acid Supramolecular Nanosheets as Pseudo‐Porous Catalyst Support
Authors: Wu Jun‐Xi , Bag Partha Pratim , Xu Yan‐Tong , Gong Li , He Chun‐Ting , Chen Xiao‐Ming , Zhang Jie‐Peng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBehaving as structural protectors and electronic modulators, catalyst supports such as graphene derivatives are generally constructed by covalent bonds. Here, hydrogen‐bonded ultrathin nanosheets are reported as a new type of catalyst support. Melamine (M) and cyanuric acid (CA) molecules self‐assemble to form the graphite‐like hydrogen‐bonded co‐crystal M‐CA, which can be easily exfoliated by ultrasonic treatment to yield ultrathin nanosheets with thickness of ≈1.6 nm and high stability at pH = 0. The dynamic nanosheets form adaptive defects/pores in the synthetic process of CoP nanoparticles, giving embedded composite with high hydrogen evolution activity (overpotential of 66 mV at 10 mA cm−2) and stability. Computational calculations, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy unveil the electron modulation effects of the nanosheets. This pseudo‐porous catalyst support also can be applied to other metal phosphides.
Micro‐Bio‐Chemo‐Mechanical‐Systems: Micromotors, Microfluidics, and Nanozymes for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Mujtaba Jawayria , Liu Jinrun , Dey Krishna K. , Li Tianlong , Chakraborty Rik , Xu Kailiang , Makarov Denys , Barmin Roman A. , Gorin Dmitry A. , Tolstoy Valeri P. , Huang Gaoshan , Solovev Alexander A. , Mei Yongfeng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWireless nano‐/micromotors powered by chemical reactions and/or external fields generate motive forces, perform tasks, and significantly extend short‐range dynamic responses of passive biomedical microcarriers. However, before micromotors can be translated into clinical use, several major problems, including the biocompatibility of materials, the toxicity of chemical fuels, and deep tissue imaging methods, must be solved. Nanomaterials with enzyme‐like characteristics (e.g., catalase, oxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase), that is, nanozymes, can significantly expand the scope of micromotors’ chemical fuels. A convergence of nanozymes, micromotors, and microfluidics can lead to a paradigm shift in the fabrication of multifunctional micromotors in reasonable quantities, encapsulation of desired subsystems, and engineering of FDA‐approved core–shell structures with tuneable biological, physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Microfluidic methods are used to prepare stable bubbles/microbubbles and capsules integrating ultrasound, optoacoustic, fluorescent, and magnetic resonance imaging modalities. The aim here is to discuss an interdisciplinary approach of three independent emerging topics: micromotors, nanozymes, and microfluidics to creatively: 1) embrace new ideas, 2) think across boundaries, and 3) solve problems whose solutions are beyond the scope of a single discipline toward the development of micro‐bio‐chemo‐mechanical‐systems for diverse bioapplications.
Upregulating Aggregation‐Induced‐Emission Nanoparticles with Blood–Tumor‐Barrier Permeability for Precise Photothermal Eradication of Brain Tumors and Induction of Local Immune Responses
Authors: Zhang Ming , Wang Wentao , Mohammadniaei Mohsen , Zheng Tao , Zhang Qicheng , Ashley Jon , Liu Shunjie , Sun Yi , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCompared to other tumors, glioblastoma (GBM) is extremely difficult to treat. Recently, photothermal therapy (PTT) has demonstrated advanced therapeutic efficacy; however, because of the relatively low tissue‐penetration efficiency of laser light, its application in deep‐seated tumors remains challenging. Herein, bradykinin (BK) aggregation‐induced‐emission nanoparticles (BK@AIE NPs) are synthesized; these offer selective penetration through the blood–tumor barrier (BTB) and strong absorbance in the near‐infrared region (NIR). The BK ligand can prompt BTB adenosine receptor activation, which enhances transportation and accumulation inside tumors, as confirmed by T1‐weighted magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging. The BK@AIE NPs exhibit high photothermal conversion efficiency under 980 nm NIR laser irradiation, facilitating the treatment of deep‐seated tumors. Tumor progression can be effectively inhibited to extend the survival span of mice after spatiotemporal PTT. NIR irradiation can eradicate tumor tissues and release tumor‐associated antigens. It is observed that the PTT treatment of GBM‐bearing mice activates natural killer cells, CD3+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and M1 macrophages in the GBM area, increasing the therapeutic efficacy. This study demonstrates that NIR‐assisted BK@AIE NPs represent a promising strategy for the improved systematic elimination of GBMs and the activation of local brain immune privilege.