bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital rheumatology in the era of COVID-19: results of a national patient and physician survey
Authors: Kernder Anna , Morf Harriet , Klemm Philipp , Vossen Diana , Haase Isabell , Mucke Johanna , Meyer Marco , Kleyer Arnd , Sewerin Philipp , Bendzuck Gerlinde , Eis Sabine , Knitza Johannes , Krusche Martin 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTo analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rheumatic patients’ and rheumatologists’ usage, preferences and perception of digital health applications (DHAs).MethodsA web-based national survey was developed by the Working Group Young Rheumatology of the German Society for Rheumatology and the German League against Rheumatism. The prospective survey was distributed via social media (Twitter, Instagram and Facebook), QR code and email. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and regression analyses were performed to show correlations.ResultsWe analysed the responses of 299 patients and 129 rheumatologists. Most patients (74%) and rheumatologists (76%) believed that DHAs are useful in the management of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) and felt confident in their own usage thereof (90%; 86%). 38% of patients and 71% of rheumatologists reported that their attitude had changed positively towards DHAs and that their usage had increased due to COVID-19 (29%; 48%). The majority in both groups agreed on implementing virtual visits for follow-up appointments in stable disease conditions. The most reported advantages of DHAs were usage independent of time and place (76.6%; 77.5%). The main barriers were a lack of information on suitable, available DHAs (58.5%; 41.9%), poor usability (42.1% of patients) and a lack of evidence supporting the effectiveness of DHAs (23.2% of rheumatologists). Only a minority (<10% in both groups) believed that digitalisation has a negative impact on the patient–doctor relationship.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic instigated an increase in patients’ and rheumatologists’ acceptance and usage of DHAs, possibly introducing a permanent paradigm shift in the management of RMDs.
Thermal Field Theory in real-time formalism: concepts and applications for particle decays
Authors: Lundberg Torbjörn , Pasechnik Roman 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis review represents a detailed and comprehensive discussion of the Thermal Field Theory (TFT) concepts and key results in Yukawa-type theories. We start with a general pedagogical introduction into the TFT in the imaginary- and real-time formulation. As phenomenologically relevant implications, we present a compendium of thermal decay rates for several typical reactions calculated within the framework of the real-time formalism and compared to the imaginary-time results found in the literature. Processes considered here are those of a neutral (pseudo)scalar decaying into two distinct (pseudo)scalars or into a fermion-antifermion pair. These processes are extended from earlier works to include chemical potentials and distinct species in the final state. In addition, a (pseudo)scalar emission off a fermion line is also discussed. These results demonstrate the importance of thermal effects in particle decay observables relevant in many phenomenological applications in systems at high temperatures and densities.
Overshooting, critical Higgs inflation and second order gravitational wave signatures
Authors: Drees Manuel , Xu Yong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe self coupling $$\lambda $$
λ
of the Higgs boson in the Standard Model may show critical behavior, i.e. the Higgs potential may have a point at an energy scale $$\sim 10^{17-18}$$

∼

10

17
-
18

GeV where both the first and second derivatives (almost) vanish. In this case the Higgs boson can serve as inflaton even if its nonminimal coupling to the curvature scalar is only $${{\mathcal {O}}}(10)$$

O
(
10
)

, thereby alleviating concerns about the perturbative unitarity of the theory. We find that just before the Higgs as inflaton enters the flat region of the potential the usual slow-roll conditions are violated. This leads to “overshooting” behavior, which in turn strongly enhances scalar curvature perturbations because of the excitation of entropic (non-adiabatic) perturbations. For appropriate choice of the free parameters these large perturbations occur at length scales relevant for the formation of primordial black holes. Even if these perturbations are not quite large enough to trigger copious black hole formation, they source second order tensor perturbations, i.e. primordial gravitational waves; the corresponding energy density can be detected by the proposed space-based gravitational wave detectors DECIGO and BBO.
A new parametric class of solutions of a charged anisotropic compact star via Bardeen exterior geometry
Authors: Gedela Satyanarayana , Pant Neeraj , Upreti Jaya , Pant R. P. 
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we provide a new parametric class of solutions to Einstein–Maxwell field equations to study the relativistic structure of a compact star via embedding class I condition. The interior of the star is delineated by Karmarkar condition and at the boundary of the star, we match the class of solutions with Bardeen and Reissner–Nordstrom exterior spacetimes. We assume one of the metric potentials as [Formula: see text] to obtain other metric potential. Subsequently, we solve Maxwell field equations. We verify and compare all the thermodynamic properties like matter density, anisotropy, radial and tangential pressures, compactification factor, energy conditions, and stability conditions, namely, adiabatic index, balancing forces via modified TOV equations, Harrision–Zeldovich criteria, casualty condition, Herrera cracking condition, etc., of our class of charged solutions. All the physical and stability conditions are with the viable trend throughout the interior of the stellar object. For a suitable range of values of [Formula: see text] and parameters, it is depicted from this study that the present class of charged solutions yields effective results to obtain realistic and viable modeling of the neutron star in EXO 1785-248 in both the Bardeen and Reissner–Nordstrom exterior spacetimes.
Acupuncture for Chronic Pain-Related Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: You Jianyu , Li Haiyan , Xie Dingyi , Chen Rixin , Chen Mingren 
Published: February 2021

Objective. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize and evaluate the existing evidence on the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in relieving chronic pain-related depression (CPRD). Methods. We searched seven online databases to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for CPRD published before September 2020. We included studies that used acupuncture as the intervention group, with or without a control group, and the control group was treated with conventional drugs. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. For outcomes, assessments were performed using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and adverse events. Results. Eight studies involving 636 participants were identified and included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that single acupuncture treatment and drug treatment have the same effect in improving the HAMD score (MD = −0.14, 95% CI = [−0.88, 0.59],

P

= 0.71) and alleviating the VAS score (MD = −0.42, 95% CI = [−1.10, −0.27],

P

= 0.23), but acupuncture treatment is safer (OR = 0.03, 95% CI = [0.01, 0.21],

P

= 0.0003). In addition, acupuncture combined with drugs (control group) is more beneficial than single-drug treatment in improving the HAMD score (MD = −2.95, 95% CI = [−3.55, −2.36],

P

< 0.00001) and alleviating the VAS score (MD = −1.06, 95% CI = [−1.65, −0.47],

P

= 0.0004). Conclusion. Acupuncture is an effective and safe treatment for CPRD, and acupuncture combined with drug therapy is more effective than single-drug therapy. Nevertheless, the conclusions were limited due to the low quality and a small number of included studies.
Nanoencapsulation of Chromolaena odorata Extract Using Pluronic F127 as an Effectively Herbal Delivery System for Wound Healing
Authors: Luu Ngoc-Dung Huynh , Dang Le Hang , Bui Hoang Minh , Nguyen Trang Thuy Thi , Nguyen Bich Tram , Hoang Le Son , Tran Ngoc Quyen 
Published: February 2021

Chromolaena odorata is a medicinal herb with prominent pharmacological properties. The therapeutic efficiency of Chromolaena odorata extracts and its ingredients have, however, been limited by various factors, including the lack of targeting capacity and poor bioavailability. To approach this drawback, ethyl acetate fraction extract of Chromolaena odorata- (EA.ChO-) encapsulated pluronic-based nanocarriers was disclosed herein. The most common pluronic triblock copolymer micelles (pluronic F127) was used for the nanosized formulation of Chromolaena odorata extract. The obtained results show that EA.ChO-encapsulated nanoparticles have a spherical morphology with a designed hydrodynamic size was about 183.7 nm and zeta potential -39.5 mV. The EA.ChO nanoparticles are stable in different aqueous solutions (water, PBS 2.8, and PBS 7.4). The lyophilized form of the EA.ChO nanoparticles exhibited excellent stability for long-term storage. Notably, the EA.ChO nanoparticles were 1.3-1.4 fold more effective in the growth of fibroblast than the free EA.ChO, verifying the potential of pluronic F127 nanoparticles to the increased function of EA.ChO in the proliferation of fibroblast cell. In addition, bleeding stopped within

55
±
6

s which was 20 s faster than that of free EA.ChO and 38-44 s faster than that of negative control treatments. The EA.ChO nanoencapsulation processed a rapid blood clot formation compared to control, free EA.ChO, pluronic F127, and water, suggesting the excellent bioavailability of EA.ChO nanoencapsulation. The obtained results thus provided a promising prospect for raising the activity Chromolaena odorata extract in wound healing application.
Fault diagnosis of a squirrel cage induction motor fed by an inverter using lissajous curve of an auxiliary winding voltage
Authors: Jelbaoui Yakout Khadouj , Lamiaà El Menzhi , Saad Abdallah 
Published: February 2021

The development of electronic power components has allowed the increase of the induction machine performance. Indeed, monitoring squirrel cage induction motors driven through rectifiers and inverters has been a major concern. This paper presents a new method to diagnose the combination inverter-machine faults. This technic considers an auxiliary winding which is a small coil inserted between two stator phases. It is based on Lissajous curve of this auxiliary winding voltage Park components. For this purpose, modeling the electromechanical conversion chain is necessary. The focus will particularly be on modeling both the squirrel cage induction machine and the inverter in a non-defected case which is a reference. Moreover, the explicit expressions developed for the inserted winding voltage and its Park components will be presented. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Chaotic systems with pseudorandom number generate to protect the transmitted data of wireless network
Authors: Marzog Heyam A. , Jaleel Mohsin Marwa , Azher Therib Mohammed 
Published: February 2021

<span>Communication techniques have witnessed rapid development in recent years, especially the internet and the mobile network, which led to rapid data transmission. The latest developments, in turn, have come out with advanced decisions to secure information from eavesdropping. Myriad in-depth studies in cryptography. It was implemented with the intention of proposing a revolutionary solution to protect data by encryption techniques, tend maps, and logistics. This work had proposed a new design to the generator of pseudo-random numbers (GPRN) which had utilized multi chaotic systems. Synchronization of Multi-parameters chaotic arises in many applications, in natural or industrial systems. Many methods have been introduced for using a chaotic system in the encryption of data. Analysis of security of chaotic system had been executed on key sensitivity and keyspace.</span>
A new modification of the quasi-newton method for unconstrained optimization
Authors: Saeed Chilmeran Hamsa Th. , I. Ahmed Huda , T. Hamed Eman , Y. Al-Bayati Abbas 
Published: February 2021

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span>In this work we propose and analyze a hybrid conjugate gradient (CG) method in which the parameter <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1025"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1674222415">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]-->is computed as a linear combination between Hager-Zhang [HZ] and Dai-Liao [DL] parameters. We use this proposed method to modify BFGS method and to prove the positive definiteness and QN-conditions of the matrix. Theoretical trils confirm that the new search directions aredescent directions under some conditions, as well as, the new search directions areglobally convergent using strong Wolfe conditions. The numerical experiments show that the proposed method is promising and outperforms alternative similar CG-methods using Dolan-Mor'e performance profile. </span><br /><br /></p>
A remarkable new species of Agoristenidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) from Córdoba, Colombia
Authors: García-Rincon Andrés Felipe , Pastrana-Montiel María Raquel 
Published: February 2021

A new species of Leiosteninae (Opiliones, Agoristenidae) from the Colombian Caribbean, Avima tuttifrutti sp. nov. García & Pastrana-M., is described and illustrated, based on two males from the montante forests of Tierralta (Córdoba department). The new species differs externally from other species of Avima by having one yellow hump on mesotergal area IV and green coloration on dorsal scutum. SEM images of the penis and a map showing its distribution are offered. This species represents the first record of a harvestman from the department of Córdoba and the eighth species of the subfamily recorded from the country.
Single Nuclei Sequencing Reveals Novel Insights Into the Regulation of Cellular Signatures in Children With Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Nicin Luka , Abplanalp Wesley T. , Schänzer Anne , Sprengel Anke , John David , Mellentin Hannah , Tombor Lukas , Keuper Matthias , Ullrich Evelyn , Klingel Karin , Dettmeyer Reinhard B. , Hoffmann Jedrzej , Akintuerk Hakan , Jux Christian , Schranz Dietmar , Zeiher Andreas M. , Rupp Stefan , Dimmeler Stefanie 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a leading cause of death in children with heart failure. The outcome of pediatric heart failure treatment is inconsistent, and large cohort studies are lacking. Progress may be achieved through personalized therapy that takes age- and disease-related pathophysiology, pathology, and molecular fingerprints into account. We present single nuclei RNA sequencing from pediatric patients with DCM as the next step in identifying cellular signatures.

Methods:
We performed single nuclei RNA sequencing with heart tissues from 6 children with DCM with an age of 0.5, 0.75, 5, 6, 12, and 13 years. Unsupervised clustering of 18 211 nuclei led to the identification of 14 distinct clusters with 6 major cell types.

Results:

The number of nuclei in fibroblast clusters increased with age in patients with DCM, a finding that was confirmed by histological analysis and was consistent with an age-related increase in cardiac fibrosis quantified by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Fibroblasts of patients with DCM >6 years of age showed a profoundly altered gene expression pattern with enrichment of genes encoding fibrillary collagens, modulation of proteoglycans, switch in thrombospondin isoforms, and signatures of fibroblast activation. In addition, a population of cardiomyocytes with a high proregenerative profile was identified in infant patients with DCM but was absent in children >6 years of age. This cluster showed high expression of cell cycle activators such as
cyclin D
family members, increased glycolytic metabolism and antioxidative genes, and alterations in ß-adrenergic signaling genes.

Conclusions:
Novel insights into the cellular transcriptomes of hearts from pediatric patients with DCM provide remarkable age-dependent changes in the expression patterns of fibroblast and cardiomyocyte genes with less fibrotic but enriched proregenerative signatures in infants.
Cerebral Embolic Protection and Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Results From the Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry
Authors: Butala Neel M. , Makkar Raj , Secemsky Eric A. , Gallup Dianne , Marquis-Gravel Guillaume , Kosinski Andrzej S. , Vemulapalli Sreekanth , Valle Javier A. , Bradley Steven M. , Chakravarty Tarun , Yeh Robert W. , Cohen David J. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Stroke remains a devastating complication of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), which has persisted despite refinements in technique and increased operator experience. While cerebral embolic protection devices (EPDs) have been developed to mitigate this risk, data regarding their impact on stroke and other outcomes after TAVR are limited.

Methods:
We performed an observational study using data from the Society for Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry. Patients were included if they underwent elective or urgent transfemoral TAVR between January 2018 and December 2019. The primary outcome was in-hospital stroke. To adjust for confounding, the association between EPD use and clinical outcomes was evaluated using instrumental variable analysis, a technique designed to support causal inference from observational data, with site-level preference for EPD use within the same quarter of the procedure as the instrument. We also performed a propensity score–based secondary analysis using overlap weights.

Results:
Our analytic sample included 123 186 patients from 599 sites. The use of EPD during TAVR increased over time, reaching 28% of sites and 13% of TAVR procedures by December 2019. There was wide variation in EPD use across hospitals, with 8% of sites performing >50% of TAVR procedures with an EPD and 72% performing no procedures with an EPD in the last quarter of 2019. In our primary analysis using the instrumental variable model, there was no association between EPD use and in-hospital stroke (adjusted relative risk, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.68–1.13]; absolute risk difference, −0.15% [95% CI, −0.49 to 0.20]). However, in our secondary analysis using the propensity score–based model, EPD use was associated with 18% lower odds of in-hospital stroke (adjusted odds ratio, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.69–0.97]; absolute risk difference, −0.28% [95% CI, −0.52 to −0.03]). Results were generally consistent across the secondary end points, as well as subgroup analyses.

Conclusions:
In this nationally representative observational study, we did not find an association between EPD use for TAVR and in-hospital stroke in our primary instrumental variable analysis, and found only a modestly lower risk of in-hospital stroke in our secondary propensity-weighted analysis. These findings provide a strong basis for large-scale randomized, controlled trials to test whether EPDs provide meaningful clinical benefit for patients undergoing TAVR.
Sex Differences in the Association of Body Composition and Cardiovascular Mortality
Authors: Srikanthan Preethi , Horwich Tamara B. , Calfon Press Marcella , Gornbein Jeff , Watson Karol E. 
Published: February 2021

Background
To determine whether differences in body composition contribute to sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, we investigated the relationship between components of body composition and CVD mortality in healthy men and women.

Methods and Results

Dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry body composition data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2004 and CVD mortality data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2014 were evaluated in 11 463 individuals 20 years of age and older. Individuals were divided into 4 body composition groups (low muscle mass–low fat mass—the referent; low muscle–high fat; high muscle–low fat, and high muscle–high fat), and adjusted competing risks analyses were performed for CVD versus non‐CVD mortality. In women, high muscle/high fat mass was associated with a significantly lower adjusted CVD mortality rate (hazard ratio [HR], 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39–0.86;
P
=0.01), but high muscle/low fat mass was not. In men, both high muscle–high fat (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.53–1.04;
P
=0.08) and high muscle–low fat mass (HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.21–0.77;
P
=0.01) were associated with lower CVD. Further, in adjusted competing risks analyses stratified by sex, the CVD rate in women tends to significantly decrease as normalized total fat increase (total fat fourth quartile: HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.34–0.94;
P
<0.03), whereas this is not noted in men.

Conclusions
Higher muscle mass is associated with lower CVD and mortality in men and women. However, in women, high fat, regardless of muscle mass level, appears to be associated with lower CVD mortality risk. This finding highlights the importance of muscle mass in healthy men and women for CVD risk prevention, while suggesting sexual dimorphism with respect to the CVD risk associated with fat mass.
Women in Cardiology Twitter Network: An Analysis of a Global Professional Virtual Community From 2016 to 2019
Authors: Chandra Neha V. , Hsiao Ruth , Shapiro Hilary , Snow Sarah , Truong Katie , Beach Shire , Brown Sherry‐Ann , Calfon Press Marcella A. , Gulati Martha , Horwich Tamara B. , Lundberg Gina P. , Michos Erin D. , Parwani Purvi , Thamman Ritu , Watson Karol E. , Han Janet K. 
Published: February 2021

Background
Social media is an effective channel for the advancement of women physicians; however, its use by women in cardiology has not been systematically studied. Our study seeks to characterize the current Women in Cardiology Twitter network.

Methods and Results
Six women‐specific cardiology Twitter hashtags were analyzed: #ACCWIC (American College of Cardiology Women in Cardiology), #AHAWIC (American Heart Association Women in Cardiology), #ilooklikeacardiologist, #SCAIWIN (Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions Women in Innovations), #WomeninCardiology, and #WomeninEP (Women in Electrophysiology). Twitter data from 2016 to 2019 were obtained from Symplur Signals. Quantitative and descriptive content analyses were performed. The Women in Cardiology Twitter network generated 48 236 tweets, 266 180 903 impressions, and 12 485 users. Tweets increased by 706% (from 2083 to 16 780), impressions by 207% (from 26 755 476 to 82 080 472), and users by 440% (from 796 to 4300), including a 471% user increase internationally. The network generated 6530 (13%) original tweets and 43 103 (86%) amplification tweets. Most original and amplification tweets were authored by women (81% and 62%, respectively) and women physicians (76% and 52%, respectively), with an increase in original and amplification tweets authored by academic women physicians (98% and 109%, respectively) and trainees (390% and 249%, respectively) over time. Community building, professional development, and gender advocacy were the most common tweet contents over the study period. Community building was the most common tweet category for #ACCWIC, #AHAWIC, #ilooklikeacardiologist, #SCAIWIN, and #WomeninCardiology, whereas professional development was most common for #WomeninEP.

Conclusions
The Women in Cardiology Twitter network has grown immensely from 2016 to 2019, with women physicians as the driving contributors. This network has become an important channel for community building, professional development, and gender advocacy discussions in an effort to advance women in cardiology.