bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depressive symptoms after surgical and medical management of OSA: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Marrero-Gonzalez Alejandro R. , Salvador Craig D. , Nguyen Shaun A. , Meyer Ted A. , Ford Dee W. , Rinn Andrea M. , Lal Chitra , Swanson Melissa , Abdelwahab Mohamed 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the effect of CPAP and surgical alternatives for OSA on depression and compare the results of surgery to CPAP.

​Methods
COCHRANE Library, CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched for English-language articles. Meta-analysis of continuous measures (mean), proportions (%), and mean difference (Δ) with 95% confidence interval was conducted for objective and subjective outcomes before and after treatment with CPAP or surgical interventions.

Results
We identified 2018 abstracts, 14 studies (N = 3,488) were included in the meta-analysis. Both treatments witnessed significant improvement in Apnea-hypopnea Index (AHI), with similar improvement with CPAP (Δ-48.8 [-51.2, -46.4]) and surgical interventions (Δ -20.22 [-31.3, -9.17]). An improvement in Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was noted between groups with (Δ -3.9 [-6.2, -1.6]) for the CPAP group and (Δ -4.3 [-6.0, -2.5]) for surgical interventions. The improvement of BDI II depression scores pre- and post-treatment was comparable between treatments with (Δ -4.1 [-5.8, -2.4]) for the CPAP group and (Δ- 5.6 [-9.2, -2.0]) for surgical interventions.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest a reduction in AHI is seen in both CPAP and surgical interventions for OSA, with no difference in AHI reduction between groups. Both treatments also lead to a similar improvement in depression scores providing strong evidence regards impact of surgery on OSA-associated mood disorders. While percent reduction in depression is higher in the surgical group, the difference did not reach statistical significance when compared to CPAP. When stratified by surgical intervention, most interventions suggest an improvement in depression scores.
Implementierung von Maßnahmen zur Stärkung der organisationalen Gesundheitskompetenz im Krankenhaus, Einrichtungen der Pflege und Eingliederungshilfe: Evaluationsergebnisse aus dem Projekt „EwiKo“
Authors: Rathmann Katharina , László Emese , Spatzier Denis 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die organisationale Gesundheitskompetenz (OGK) stellt einen wichtigen Bestandteil der patientenorientierten Gesundheitsversorgung, Organisationsentwicklung und Mitarbeiterorientierung dar. Zur Implementierung von Maßnahmen zur Stärkung der OGK wurden im Projekt „Entwicklung der Gesundheitskompetenz in Einrichtungen der Gesundheitsversorgung“ (EwiKo) sog. Toolboxen, eine Tool-Datenbank, Praxisleitfäden zur Stärkung der OGK sowie ein Selbstbewertungsinstrument (Selbstcheck) zur Erfassung der OGK in Einrichtungen der Gesundheitsversorgung (Krankenhaus, Pflege, Eingliederungshilfe und in Leichter Sprache) entwickelt, erprobt und evaluiert.

Ziel
Ziel ist es, die Befragungsergebnisse vor (t0) und nach (t1) der Pilotphase (Dauer: 15–18 Monate) in den Piloteinrichtungen mittels einrichtungsspezifischer Selbstchecks im Rahmen der Begleitevaluation darzustellen.

Methodik
Vor der Intervention (t0) wurden die Bedarfe zur Stärkung der OGK durch n = 43 Mitglieder der „Arbeitsgruppe (AG) Gesundheitskompetenz“ aus n = 6 Piloteinrichtungen mittels Selbstchecks (n = 3269 beantwortete Aussagen) erhoben. Zur Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit der Intervention haben n = 22 Mitglieder der „AG Gesundheitskompetenz“ aus n = 6 Piloteinrichtungen die Selbstchecks nach der Pilotphase erneut ausgefüllt (n = 695 beantwortete Aussagen).

Ergebnisse
Im Vorher-nachher-Vergleich der Selbstchecks (t0/t1) zeigte sich über alle Handlungsfelder hinweg eine Verbesserung des OGK-Ausmaßes. Bei der Bedarfserhebung (t0) zeigte sich der größte Bedarf in Standard 3 „Schulung der Mitarbeitenden“ (61,8 %, n = 2020), nach der Pilotphase (t1) wurden lediglich 33,3 % (n = 21) der Selbstcheck-Aussagen „nicht bzw. eher nicht“ erfüllt. Im Rahmen der Bedarfserhebung (t0) wurden von den Piloteinrichtungen 37,9 % (n = 1239) der Selbstcheck-Aussagen in allen acht OGK-Standards „nicht bzw. eher nicht“ erfüllt. Nach der Pilotphase (t1) wurden über alle erprobten Standards (n = 6) 23,0 % (n = 160) der Selbstcheck-Aussagen „nicht bzw. eher nicht“ erfüllt.

Schlussfolgerung
Selbstchecks sind geeignet, Bedarfe zur Stärkung der OGK in den Einrichtungen der Gesundheitsversorgung aufzudecken. Der t0-/t1-Vergleich zeigt eine Verbesserung der OGK in allen erprobten Handlungsfeldern nach der Pilotphase, unabhängig davon, in welchen Standards die Maßnahmen umgesetzt wurden. Mit den Selbstchecks ist es künftig möglich, die OGK differenziert nach Einrichtungsart zu erfassen und den Erfolg der Maßnahmen – im Sinne eines Monitorings – zu überprüfen.
Love as a Commitment Device
Authors: Kowal Marta , Bode Adam , Koszałkowska Karolina , Roberts S. Craig , Gjoneska Biljana , Frederick David , Studzinska Anna , Dubrov Dmitrii , Grigoryev Dmitry , Aavik Toivo , Prokop Pavol , Grano Caterina , Çetinkaya Hakan , Duyar Derya Atamtürk , Baiocco Roberto , Batres Carlota , Belkacem Yakhlef , Boğa Merve , Burduli Nana , Can Ali R. , Chegeni Razieh , Chopik William J. , Don Yahya , Dural Seda , Duyar Izzet , Etchezahar Edgardo , Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Frackowiak Tomasz , García Felipe E. , Yepes Talia Gomez , Guemaz Farida , Hamdaoui Brahim B. , Koyuncu Mehmet , Landa-Blanco Miguel , Lins Samuel , Marot Tiago , Mayorga-Lascano Marlon , Mebarak Moises , Morelli Mara , Ndukaihe Izuchukwu L. G. , Fauzee Mohd Sofian Omar , Pacquing Ma. Criselda Tengco , Parise Miriam , Pazhoohi Farid , Pirtskhalava Ekaterine , Ponnet Koen , Reips Ulf-Dietrich , Reyes Marc Eric Santos , Şahin Ayşegül , Sahli Fatima Zahra , Senyk Oksana , Spasovski Ognen , Tulyakul Singha , Ungaretti Joaquín , Vintila Mona , Volkodav Tatiana , Wlodarczyk Anna , Yoo Gyesook , Gelbart Benjamin , Sorokowski Piotr 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Given the ubiquitous nature of love, numerous theories have been proposed to explain its existence. One such theory refers to love as a commitment device, suggesting that romantic love evolved to foster commitment between partners and enhance their reproductive success. In the present study, we investigated this hypothesis using a large-scale sample of 86,310 individual responses collected across 90 countries. If romantic love is universally perceived as a force that fosters commitment between long-term partners, we expected that individuals likely to suffer greater losses from the termination of their relationships—including people of lower socioeconomic status, those with many children, and women—would place a higher value on romantic love compared to people with higher status, those with fewer children, and men. These predictions were supported. Additionally, we observed that individuals from countries with a higher (vs. lower) Human Development Index placed a greater level of importance on romantic love, suggesting that modernization might influence how romantic love is evaluated. On average, participants worldwide were unwilling to commit to a long-term romantic relationship without love, highlighting romantic love’s universal importance.
Comparison of bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in the older adults with metabolic syndrome: equipment-specific equation development
Authors: Kim Younji , Beom Jaewon , Lee Sang Yoon , Jang Hak Chul , Kim Keewon , Kim Miji , Shim Ga Yang , Won Chang Won , Lim Jae-Young 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and sarcopenia together pose significant health risks, increasing frailty, falls, and fractures in older adults. This study compared muscle mass measurements obtained using two different dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) machines and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and evaluated the accuracy of these measurements in these older adults.

Methods
In this prospective multicenter cohort study, patients aged ≥ 65 years with MetS had their muscle mass assessed using both BIA and DXA. Two DXA devices, Hologic Horizon and GE Lunar Prodigy, were used as clinical standards for sarcopenia diagnosis. Statistical analyses generated equations for transforming BIA results to match those from DXA, enhancing comparability.

Results
Participants had a mean age of 73.2 ± 5.3 years. The mean appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) measured by BIA and DXA was 19.7 ± 3.1 kg (BIA) and 18.1 ± 2.9 kg (DXA) for males, and 13.7 ± 2.2 kg (BIA) and 12.6 ± 1.8 kg (DXA) for females. Device-specific equations were developed to estimate DXA-measured ASM based on BIA results. These equations are presented for all participants and for each DXA device, highlighting significant differences in prediction models between the two DXA machines.

Conclusion
The study developed device-specific equations for sarcopenia diagnosis in older adults with MetS, highlighting substantial differences between Hologic and GE Lunar devices. While BIA may offer a more accessible alternative to DXA, the variation in prediction formulas underscores the need for standardized equipment to ensure consistency in sarcopenia diagnosis.
The causal association between asthma and the risk of frailty: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Ning Pingping , Mu Xin , Guo Xingzhi , Zhou Rong , Tian Ge , Li Rui 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The correlation between asthma and frailty is increasingly garnering attention. The association between asthma and frailty remains inconclusive in observational studies, and the causality of this relationship still needs to be established.

Aims
Therefore, we employed two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses using genetic instruments to determine the causal association of asthma on frailty.

Methods
Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to assess the causal effect of asthma on frailty. The genetic variants strongly associated with asthma (P < 5E-08) during the discovery and replication stages were derived from a recent meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) (N = 408,442) in the UK Biobank and a GWAS in the FinnGen Consortium (N = 217,421), respectively. Summary statistics of the frailty index (N = 175,226) are derived from the latest released GWAS dataset on frailty index. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was employed as the primary approach for calculating estimated values, with additional sensitivity analyses and heterogeneity analyses utilized to further validate the results.

Results
Using the IVW method, genetic susceptibility to asthma was associated with an increased risk of frailty in the discovery stage (odds ratio [OR] = 1.092, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.075–1.109, P = 5.00E-28), which was also validated in the replication stage (OR = 1.073, 95% CI = 1.052–1.096, P = 1.41E-11). Sensitivity analyses yielded consistent causal estimate, and no significant pleiotropy was found throughout the MR study.

Conclusion
The present study demonstrated that asthma is causally associated with an elevated risk of frailty. Further studies are needed to elucidate the potential pathophysiological mechanisms between asthma and frailty.
Developing a Charlson Comorbidity Index for the American Indian Population Using the Epidemiologic Data from the Strong Heart Study
Authors: Rogers Paul , Merenda Christine , Araojo Richardae , Lee Christine , Lolic Milena , Zhang Ying , Reese Jessica , Malloy Kimberly , Wang Dong , Zou Wen , Xu Joshua , Lee Elisa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is a frequently used mortality predictor based on a scoring system for the number and type of patient comorbidities health researchers have used since the late 1980s. The initial purpose of the CCI was to classify comorbid conditions, which could alter the risk of patient mortality within a 1-year time frame. However, the CCI may not accurately reflect risk among American Indians because they are a small proportion of the US population and possibly lack representation in the original patient cohort. A motivating factor in calibrating a CCI for American Indians is that this population, as a whole, experiences a greater burden of comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic health conditions, than the rest of the US population.

Methods
This study attempted to modify the CCI to be specific to the American Indian population utilizing the data from the still ongoing The Strong Heart Study (SHS) — a multi-center population-based longitudinal study of cardiovascular disease among American Indians.
A 1-year survival analysis with mortality as the outcome was performed using the SHS morbidity and mortality surveillance data and assessing the impact of comorbidities in terms of hazard ratios with the training cohort. A Kaplan–Meier plot for a subset of the testing cohort was used to compare groups with selected mCCI-AI scores.

Results
A total of 3038 Phase VI participants from the SHS comprised the study population for whom mortality and morbidity surveillance data were available through December 2019. The weights generated by the SHS participants for myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and high blood pressure were greater than Charlson’s original weights. In addition, the weights for liver illness were equivalent to Charlson’s severe form of the disease. Lung cancer had the greatest overall weight derived from a hazard ratio of 8.31.

Conclusions
The mCCI-AI was a statistically significant predictor of 1-year mortality, classifying patients into different risk strata χ2 (8, N = 1,245) = 30.56 (p = 0.0002). The mCCI-AI was able to discriminate between participants who died and those who survived 73% of the time.
The Impact of Designing Near-Peer Teacher Training According to Merrill’s First Principles of Instruction
Authors: Vaudrey Kristopher , Uy Marc James Thor , Thompson Alexis , Morris Hannah , Cifuentes Lauren 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an online asynchronous training program for near-peer teachers at the medical school level, designed using Merrill’s First Principles of Instruction. A qualitative phenomenological study using semi-structured interviews and a reflective journal was conducted with second-year medical students (n = 10) who participated in the near-peer teaching program for the ultrasound component of the human anatomy lab. Deductive analysis revealed that near-peer teachers benefited. These themes emerged (1) near-peer teachers teaching in the Ultrasound Lab and in future medical practice, (2) activating prior learned knowledge, (3) using videos to help prepare near-peer teachers for teaching in the Ultrasound Lab, (4) providing a self-assessment of content comprehension, and (5) helping near-peer teachers to develop teaching techniques. Future research could evaluate asynchronous training for near-peer teaching in other lab-based activities, explore the impacts of near-peer teaching on medical students who receive near-peer instruction, and determine the longitudinal impacts of such programs.
Evaluation of the Regulatory Review Process of the Zambia Medicines Regulatory Authority: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Chisha Constance Sakala , Siyanga Makomani , Leigh Stephanie , Kermad Adem , Walker Stuart 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to assess the current regulatory review process of the Zambia Medicines Regulatory Authority (ZAMRA) by identifying the key milestones and target timelines achieved for products approved from 2020 to 2023, as well as good review and quality decision-making practices implemented in the review process.

Methods
A standardised, validated questionnaire; Optimising Efficiencies in Regulatory Agencies (OpERA) and the OpERA Data Collection Template were completed by the author.

Results
Three review models are used by ZAMRA to review new active substances (NASs) and generic products: verification, for products prequalified by the World Health Organization or approved by a stringent regulatory authority (SRA); abridged, for well-established molecules or SRA-approved products; or full, for products not otherwise prequalified. Good review practices and quality decision-making processes were followed but could be improved.

Conclusion
This study assessed the overall ZAMRA operation and identified the key milestones in the review process for products approved from 2020 to 2023, target timelines achieved and the compliance to standard good review and quality decision-making practices.
Progress, Continuity, and Constitutional Amendment: Envisaging Legitimacy in the pre-Global South's Quest for Modernity in China and Taiwan
Authors: Kuo Ming-Sung 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article compares constitutional amendments in China and Taiwan to explore the long shadow cast by the Chinese encounter with ‘modernity’ on their divergent constitutional roads. It observes that in China, preambular changes have been the characteristic of the amendments to the 1982 Constitution of the People's Republic of China, while the rule-conformity feature of Taiwan's multiple rounds of constitutional revision indicates that the preservation of the formal identity of the 1946 Constitution of the Republic of China is central to Taiwan's constitutional transformation. The article argues that the prominence of the preamble in China's constitutional amendments reflects the programmatic character of its socialist constitution, which is seen as an instrument for progress and emancipation through revolutionary forces. In contrast, Taiwan's rigorous observance of amendment rules underscores the pivotal role of legality in its constitutional development. Progress and continuity underlie the respective necessary legitimating conditions for constitutional amendment in China and Taiwan. Tracing the revolution-progress and the legality-continuity nexuses to the Chinese quest for liberation from Western imperialism, this article suggests that modernity guides both China and Taiwan in maintaining the legitimacy of their respective constitutions. China's path towards modernity tells a story of constitutional struggle in the prehistory of the Global South.
Vortex gust mitigation from onboard measurements using deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Martin Brice , Jardin Thierry , Rachelson Emmanuel , Bauerheim Michael 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes to solve the vortex gust mitigation problem on a 2D, thin flat plate using onboard measurements. The objective is to solve the discrete-time optimal control problem of finding the pitch rate sequence that minimizes the lift perturbation, that is, the criterion

where

is the lift coefficient obtained by the unsteady vortex lattice method. The controller is modeled as an artificial neural network, and it is trained to minimize

using deep reinforcement learning (DRL). To be optimal, we show that the controller must take as inputs the locations and circulations of the gust vortices, but these quantities are not directly observable from the onboard sensors. We therefore propose to use a Kalman particle filter (KPF) to estimate the gust vortices online from the onboard measurements. The reconstructed input is then used by the controller to calculate the appropriate pitch rate. We evaluate the performance of this method for gusts composed of one to five vortices. Our results show that (i) controllers deployed with full knowledge of the vortices are able to mitigate efficiently the lift disturbance induced by the gusts, (ii) the KPF performs well in reconstructing gusts composed of less than three vortices, but shows more contrasted results in the reconstruction of gusts composed of more vortices, and (iii) adding a KPF to the controller recovers a significant part of the performance loss due to the unobservable gust vortices.
Some remarks about self-products and entropy
Authors: HOCHMAN MICHAEL 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Let

$(X,\mathcal {B},\mu ,T)$

be a probability-preserving system with X compact and T a homeomorphism. We show that if every point in

$X\times X$

is two-sided recurrent, then

$h_{\mu }(T)=0$

, resolving a problem of Benjamin Weiss, and that if

$h_{\mu }(T)=\infty $

, then every full-measure set in X contains mean-asymptotic pairs (that is, the associated process is not tight), resolving a problem of Ornstein and Weiss.
Do ice-dam rupture events leave a distinctive signature in proglacial lake sediments?
Authors: Brignone Guido , Romero Matias , Van Wyk de Vries Maximillian , Ito Emi , Shapley Mark , Piovano Eduardo Luis 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLake sediment provides a valuable record of past environmental change. However, the controls on sedimentation in proglacial lakes and their relation to glacier retreat remain poorly understood. In this study we analyze glaciolacustrine sediment production and deposition in Canal de los Témpanos, Lago Argentino, Argentine Patagonia. We associate temporal changes in the sedimentologic and geochemical characteristics analyzed from Lago Argentino cores with Late Holocene fluctuations of the Perito Moreno and Ameghino glaciers. We show that the dominant sediment source at our study site switched from Ameghino to Perito Moreno Glacier after the recession of Ameghino Glacier and the formation of the marginal ice-contact lake into which it currently calves. Spectacular ice-dam rupture events generated by Perito Moreno Glacier redistribute large volumes of water through the lake system but do not leave a significant sedimentary signature. Our results demonstrate that a detailed analysis of sedimentologic, petrophysical, and geochemical changes in lake cores can provide insight into regional glacial dynamics and sedimentary processes even in complex systems with multiple competing glacial sources and that changing glacier geometries during retreat can provide insights into the provenience of the sediments.
Performance of the new MICADAS spectrometer at the Radiocarbon and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Gliwice, Poland
Authors: Ustrzycka A , Piotrowska N , Kłusek M , Pawełczyk F , Michczyńska D J , Michczyński A , Kozioł A , Jędrzejowski M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is a worldwide recognized method for radiocarbon (14C) dating. The advantageous aspects of this method include the variety of materials and the small sample size (1 mg of carbon) that can be measured. However, these pose several challenges in the laboratory, such as developing appropriate chemical pretreatment methods. In the summer of 2022, the Radiocarbon and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory in Gliwice, Poland, launched the MICADAS accelerator spectrometer. The report on background and reference materials measurement results for the period from September 2022 to July 2024 is presented in this publication. Quality assurance and quality control processes are extremely important to guarantee the high quality of the results obtained in the laboratory. Hence, our Radiocarbon and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory in Gliwice took part in the Glasgow International Radiocarbon Inter-Comparison (GIRI) program. The radiocarbon ages for wood, bone, humic acid, and barley mash samples were determined and compared with reported values. The resulting data confirmed that our Laboratory is capable of dating samples across a spectrum of materials and ages ranging from contemporary to the limits of the radiocarbon method, achieving precision on par with that of other laboratories.