bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moderation Effect of Mammography Screening Among Women with Multiple Chronic Conditions
Authors: Hsieh Hui-Min , Shen Cheng-Ting , Chen Fang-Ming 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the moderation effects of mammography screening on early stage breast cancer and all-cause mortality among women aged 50-69 years with chronic conditions in Taiwan.Method: We used a matched cohort design with four nationwide population databases, and an exact matching approach to match groups with different chronic conditions. Women population aged 50-69 years in 2010 in Taiwan were studied. A generic Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) measure was used to identify chronic illness burden. The sample sizes of each paired matched group with CCI scores of 0, 1, 2, or 3+ were 170,979 using a 1-to-1 exact matching. Conditional logistic regressions with interaction terms were used to test moderation effect, and adjusted predicted probabilities and marginal effects to quantify average and incremental chronic conditions associated with outcome measures. Statistical analyses were conducted in 2020-2021. Results: Women with more chronic conditions were less likely to participate in mammography screening or to receive early breast cancer diagnoses, but were at greater risk of mortality. However, mammography participation increased the likelihood of early breast cancer diagnosis (OR=1.48, 95%CI=1.36-1.60) and decreased risk of all-cause mortality (OR=0.63, 95%CI=0.60-0.66). The interaction terms of CCI and mammography participation indicated significantly increased benefits of early breast cancer diagnosis and decreased risk of all-cause mortality as chronic illness increased. Conclusions: Mammography participation significantly moderated the link between comorbidity and outcome measures among women with chronic conditions. Hence, it is important for public health policy to promote mammography participation for women with multiple chronic conditions.
Morphometry of Cerebral Arterial Bifurcations Harbouring Aneurysms: A Case-Control Study On 253 Patients
Authors: Ćmiel-Smorzyk K. , Kawlewska E. , Wolański W. , Hebda A. , Ładziński P. , Kaspera Wojciech 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Conclusions from studies evaluating vessel dimensions and their deviations from the values resulting from the principle of minimum work (PMW) on the formation of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are still inconclusive. The aim of our study was the morphometric analysis of cerebral arterial bifurcations harbouring aneurysms.
Methods

The study comprised 147 patients with basilar artery (BA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms, and 106 patients constituting the control group. The following morphometric parameters were evaluated: the radii of vessels forming the bifurcation, the junction exponent, the values of the bifurcation angles (Φ1 and Φ2 angles between the parent vessel trunk axis and the larger or smaller branches, respectively; α angle, total bifurcation angle) and the difference between the predicted optimal and observed branch angles.
Results

The analysed parameters for internal carotid artery (ICA) bifurcations were not significantly different among the groups. MCA and BA bifurcation angles and the radii of the parent MCA and BA vessels with aneurysms were significantly higher compared to the control group. The differences between the predicted optimal and observed branch angles were significantly higher for BA and MCA bifurcations with aneurysms compared to the control group. The mean junction exponent for bifurcations in the circle of Willis (i.e., ICA and BA bifurcations, respectively) and MCA bifurcations with aneurysms was significantly lower than the theoretical optimum and not significantly different among the groups. In a multilevel multivariate logistic regression analysis, the branch angles and the radius from the parent vessel were significant independent predictors of the presence of IAs. The ROC analysis indicated that the α angle was the best performer in discriminating between aneurysmal and non-aneurysmal bifurcations.
Conclusions

The dimensions of the arteries forming the circle of Willis do not follow the PMW. The deviation from optimum bifurcation geometry for bifurcations beyond the circle of Willis (particularly a wider radius of the parent artery and a wider total bifurcation angle) may lead to the formation of IAs. Further studies are warranted to investigate the significance of vessel dimensions and the bifurcation angle on the magnitude of the shear stress in the walls of arterial bifurcations.
Impact of Intraventricular Hemorrhage on Classification of Hematoma Expansion and Development of Radiomics Prediction Models
Authors: Wu Te-Chang , Liu Yan-Lin , Chen Jeon-Hor , Zhang Yang , Chen Tai-Yuan , Ko Ching-Chung , Su Min-Ying 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: To investigate the impact of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) on the classification of hematoma expansion (HE), and the development of radiomics models using features extracted from the baseline hematoma to predict HE.Methods: Eighty-four patients with baseline and follow-up non-contrast CT within 4~24 hours were included. The intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH) and IVH were separately outlined by an experienced neuroradiologist. HE was defined as an absolute hematoma growth >6 mL or percentage growth >33%. HE was determined based on two criteria, using IPH alone (HEP) or IPH+IVH (HEP+V). The radiomics analysis was performed by using PyRadiomics to extract features, followed by random forest algorithm to select features, and lastly the decision tree to build classification models. Results: The classification of expansion showed 37 (44%) HEP and 47 (56%) non-HEP based on IPH alone, and similar results of 38 (45%) HEP+V and 46 (55%) non-HEP+V based on IPH+IVH. The majority, >94% of HE patients, had a poor outcome (death or mRS>3 at discharge). Three radiomics analysis (RA) models were built. The first model using baseline IPH to predict HEP (RAP-P) showed an accuracy of 80% but loss of correlation with the clinical outcome; the second model using IPH+IVH to predict HEP (RAPV-V) had a slightly higher accuracy of 81% and resumed the poor outcome association with HE; and the third model using IPH+IVH to predict HEP+V (RAPV-PV) had the highest accuracy of 86% with preserved clinical outcome correlation of HE. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of three decision trees (RAP-P, RAPV-P, RAPV-PV) were 0.8/ 0.68/ 0.89; 0.81/ 0.92/ 0.72 and 0.86/ 0.82/ 0.89, respectively.Conclusions: The proposed radiomics approach with additional IVH information could be used to classify the expansion status highly associated with the clinical outcome and provide a robust tool for the enrollment of high-risk ICH cases in the anti-expansion trials.
Quasi-band structure of quantum-confined nanocrystals
Authors: Buerkle Marius , Lozac’h Mickäel , Mariotti Davide , Svrcek Vladimir 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We discuss the electronic properties of quantum-confined nanocrystals. In particular, we show how, starting from the discrete molecular states of small nanocrystals, an approximate band structure (quasi-band structure) emerges with increasing particle size. Finite temperature is found to broaden the discrete states in energy space forming even for nanocrystals in the quantum-confinement regime quasi-continuous bands in k-space. This bands can be, to a certain extend, interpreted along the lines of standard band structure theory, while taking also finite size and surface effects into account. We discuss this on various prototypical nanocrystal systems.
Effect of a Toe-Walking Protocol in Plantar Heel Pain: A Proof of Concept
Authors: Huffer Dean , Hing Wayne , Charles John , Newton Richard , Clair Mike , Cannetti Elisa F.D. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Plantar heel pain (PHP) is one of most common disorders of the foot treated in primary care. It affects athletic and sedentary populations, with patient reports of activity-limiting pain and reduced quality of life. Recently, atrophy of the forefoot plantar intrinsic musculature was identified in patients with PHP. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess whether loading the plantar fascia strengthens the intrinsic foot musculature (IFM) and decreases symptoms in subjects with PHP Methods: A within-subjects experimental design assessed foot function, foot pain, disability, and activity limitation in 12 subjects with PHP prior to and at the end of a six-week toe-walking program. The primary outcome measure was the Foot Function Index (FFI). IFM strength (both hallux flexion and lesser toe flexion) was measured as a secondary outcome. Results: After six weeks of treatment, the mean (SD) FFI score significantly decreased from 73.2 (32.4) to 43.3 (22.8) points (p = 0.010, ES=1.1). HHD measures: Both great toe flexion and lesser toes flexion strength measures demonstrated significant force increases from 21.8N to 29.6N (+7.8N) 95%CI [1.3, 14.4] (p=0.024, ES=1.0) and from 21.4N to 28.4N (+6.6N) 95%CI [1.8, 11.4] (p=0.010, ES=0.9), respectively. Conclusion: Results suggest that toe-walking may reduce PHP symptoms and increase IFM strength. There was no identified correlation between the IFM and FFI changes. Symptom reduction may be due to a reduction in cortical inhibition rather than IFM strength changes. Findings provide foundation for future larger and more controlled studies, to further validate the effectiveness of toe-walking in reducing symptoms of PHP patients. Trial registration: Bond University Ethics Committee (BUHREC Protocol No. 1908)
What if children with psychiatric problems disagree with their clinicians on the need for care? Factors explaining discordance and clinical directions.
Authors: Vijverberg Richard , Ferdinand Robert , Beekman Aartjan , Meijel Berno van 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Children and adolescents in mental healthcare often perceive their care needs and necessary treatment differently from their clinicians. As such discordance between young patients and clinicians may obstruct treatment adherence and compromise treatment outcomes, it is important to understand the factors associated with it. We therefore investigated the factors associated with patient-clinician discordance with regard to care needs in various areas of functioning.
Methods
A cross-sectional study involving 244 children/adolescents aged 6-18 participating with their clinicians in treatment at a specialized mental healthcare center. As a previous study conducted by our research group had found the greatest patient-clinician discordance in three CANSAS care needs – “mental health problems,” “information regarding diagnosis and/or treatment,” and “making and/or keeping friends” – we used univariable and multivariable statistics to investigate the factors associated with discordance regarding these three care needs.
Results
Patient-clinician discordance on the three CANSAS items was associated with child, parent, and family/social-context factors. Three variables were significant in each of the three final multivariable models: dangerous behavior towards self (child level); severity of psychiatric problems of the parent (parent level); and growing up in a single-parent household (family/social-context level).
Conclusions
To deliver treatment most effectively and to prevent drop-out, it is important during diagnostic assessment and treatment planning to address the patient’s care needs at all three levels: child, parent and family/social context.
Improved Surgical Procedure of Primary Constrained Total Knee Arthroplasty Which Enables Use of the Femoral Diaphyseal Straight Extension Stem
Authors: Kawahara Shinya , Mawatari Taro , Matsui Gen , Hamai Satoshi , Akasaki Yukio , Tsushima Hidetoshi , Nakashima Yasuharu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Primary constrained total knee arthroplasty (TKA) often presents challenges in fitting the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) position of the femoral component simultaneously when the straight stem is used as the recommended surgical procedure (stem-first procedure). The offset stem is sometimes used, although this is associated with surgical difficulties. Therefore, we developed a modified procedure (the component-first procedure) , which we present here. The distal femur is prepared to avoid anterior notching and to adjust to minimize overhang and underhang of the ML position, as in primary TKA. Finally, the stem hole is created based on the femoral component position. Currently, it is unclear whether an intramedullary-occupied straight stem can be used even during this procedure. Methods: We included 32 knees that had undergone primary TKA using constrained implants. The femoral component and extension stem were simulated using the three-dimensional planning software (ZedKnee) following the component-first procedure. We investigated the suitability of the straight stem through computer simulation and evaluation of actual surgeries. Clinical and radiographical outcomes were also evaluated at the latest follow-up.Results: The component-first procedure enabled the AP and ML position of the femoral component to be fitted simultaneously with the straight stem in simulations and actual surgeries in all cases. The stem diameter was not significantly different between simulations and actual surgeries (13.9 and 13.7 mm on average, respectively, p=0.479) and almost similar from intraclass correlation coefficient analysis (kappa value 0.790). Clinical and radiographical outcomes were almost similar to primary TKA cases and there was no case of component loosening, cortical bone hypertrophy around the stem and stem-tip pain.Conclusions: Our improved surgical procedure may facilitate use of the constrained implant for more cases of primary TKA, particularly in the context of severe varus OA, without the usual surgical difficulties.
Adaptive Antitumor Immune Response Stimulated by Bio-nanoparticle Based Vaccine and Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Bai Xuewei , Zhou Yanmei , Yokota Yuki , Matsumoto Yoshihiro , Zhai Bo , Maarouf Nader , Hayashi Hikaru , Carlson Rolf , Zhang Songhua , Sousa Aryanna , Sun Bei , Ghanbari Hossein , Dong Xiaoqun , Wands Jack R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Interactions between tumor and microenvironment determines the response to immunotherapy. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have exhibited suboptimal responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Aspartate beta-hydroxylase (ASPH), an oncofetal protein and tumor associated antigen (TAA), is a potential target for immunotherapy. Methods: Orthotopic TNBC and subcutaneous HCC murine models were established. Immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, ELISA and in vitro cytotoxicity assays were performed. Results: The ASPH-MYC signaling cascade upregulates PD-L1 expression on breast and liver tumor cells. A bio-nanoparticle based vaccine targeting ASPH was administrated to BALB/c mice harboring syngeneic HCC or TNBC tumors, either alone or in combination with PD-1 blockade. In the control group, autocrine CXCL13-CXCR5 axis promoted cancer development and progression. Inhibition between PD-L1+ cancer cells and PD-1+ T cells resulted in T cell exhaustion and apoptosis. In contrast, combination therapy significantly suppressed primary hepatic or mammary tumor growth with distant pulmonary metastases in TNBC. An adaptive immune response was attributed to expansion of activated CD4+ Th1/CD8+ CTLs with enhanced effector function and high titers of ASPH-specific antibody. When the PD-1/PD-L1 signal was inhibited, CXCL13 produced by ASPH+ cancer cells recruited CXCR5+/CD8+ T lymphocytes to tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), which secreted CXCL13 to recruit more CXCR5+ immune cells and to lyse CXCR5+ cancer cells. Upon combination treatment, the presence of TLSs predicts sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitor blockade. Conclusions: Synergistic antitumor efficacy attributable to a λ phage vaccine specifically targeting ASPH combined with an immune checkpoint inhibitor represents a new approach for TNBC and HCC.
Posterior Scleral Reinforcement for The Treatment of Myopic Foveoschisis
Authors: He Qing , Wang Xiu , Xie Caiyuan , Xue Anquan , Wei Ruihua 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the clinical effectiveness of posterior scleral reinforcement for the treatment of myopic foveoschisis.Methods: This was a prospective study of 32 eyes from 20 patients with myopic foveoschisis treated with posterior scleral reinforcement using genipin-cross-linked donor sclerae . The length of the scleral strip used for the surgery was designed to be 1.5-times the axial length of the eye, whereas its width was 0.4-times the axial length of the eye. The optical coherence tomography images, spherical equivalent of refractive error, axial length, best corrected visual acuity, electroretinogram findings, and intraocular pressure of the patients were assessed postoperatively. Results: The mean duration of follow-up was 17.80 ± 8.74 months. The differences between the spherical equivalent of refractive error, best corrected visual acuity, axial length, and electroretinogram findings recorded preoperatively and those measured postoperatively were statistically significant (p＜0.05). The final reduction in axial length was 1.64 ± 0.85 mm. At the end of the follow-up, optical coherence tomography showed essential foveal reattachment in 30 eyes (93.75%), partial reattachment in two eyes (6.25%), and closure of macular holes in seven eyes (77.78%). No retinal detachment, vitreous haemorrhage, or other serious complications occurred following the surgery. Conclusions: Posterior scleral reinforcement with genipin-cross-linked sclera showed safe and effective outcomes for the treatment of myopic foveoschisis during a follow-up period of at least one yearTrial registration:ChiCTR1800020012
Intramural Esophageal Hematoma Following Endoscopic Biopsy
Authors: Wang Kai , Wang Ning , Cheng Xian-yong , Niu Qiong , Shi Ning , Jia Xing-fang , Liu Cheng-xia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Intramural esophageal hematoma (IEH) is a rare form of esophageal injury, which may occur spontaneously, or be following esophageal dilatation, food impaction, improper swallowing of drug pills, thrombolysis therapy, or coagulopathy. However, it is uncommon that IEH could be induced by endoscopic biopsy.Case presentation: We report a 58-year-old male patient who developed chest pain and hematemesis after endoscopic biopsy. Fourteen days later, esophageal ulcer and hematoma disappeared by conservative management. After 3 months, gastroscopy showed old esophageal scar, and mucous healed completely.Conclusion: IEH is a rare complication of endoscopic biopsy, which is easily ignored. Moreover, It could be cured by conservative treatment.
Nanoemulsions of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A for Enhanced Brain Delivery in Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion-injured mice: Physicochemical and In Vivo Performances
Authors: Wang Qiong , Zhong Cailing , Zhang Jingqing , Zhao Hua , Huang Yuru , Zhao Dezhang , Yang Junqing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Stroke has always been a disease threatening human life and health worldwide. Here, we synthesized a new type of hyaluronic acid-modified multi-walled carbon nanotube. Then we prepared hydroxysafflor yellow A-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin phospholipid complex water-in-oil nanoemulsion with hyaluronic acid-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes and chitosan (HC@HMC) for oral treatment of ischemic stroke. First, we measured the intestinal absorption and pharmacokinetics of HC@HMC in rats. We found that the intestinal absorption and the pharmacokinetic behavior of HC@HMC is better than HYA. Then we detected intracerebral concentrations after oral administration of HC@HMC and found that more HYA crossed the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Finally, we evaluated the efficacy of HC@HMC in middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R)-treated mice. In MCAO/R mice, oral administration of HC@HMC demonstrated a significant protection against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). And we also found HC@HMC may exert a protective effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through COX2/PGD2/DPs pathway. These results suggest that oral administration of HC@HMC may be a new strategy for the treatment of stroke.
Rutin Ameliorates Malaria Pathogenesis by Modulating Inflammatory Mechanism: An In-Vitro and In-Vivo Study
Authors: Bhatt Divya , Kumar Saurabh , Kumar Parmanand , Bisht Surbhi , Maurya Anil Kumar , Pal Anirban , Bawankule Dnyaneshwar Umrao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Rutin (3,3’,4’ 5,7-pentahydroxyflavone-3-rhamnoglucoside) is a flavonoid glycoside, found in many edible plants such as buckwheat and berries. Rutin as a food supplement is recommended for the treatment of various diseases, which directed us to investigate its valuable effects in malaria induced pathogenesis. In the present study, Rutin was tested for its anti-plasmodial activity against chloroquine sensitive and resistant strains (NF-54 and K1) of Plasmodium falciparum and studied for its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory potential against LPS stimulated macrophage cells. In vitro observations were further validated using an in-vivo physiological rodent model of Plasmodium berghei-induced malaria pathogenesis. Rutin was also tested for its effect in combination with chloroquine.Rutin was found to have potent anti-plasmodial activity against both chloroquine sensitive and resistant strains of P. falciparum (NF-54 and K1). It was able to reduce the oxidative stress induced by LPS in macrophage cells with decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β). Rutin was found to significantly suppress the parasitaemia, increase the mean survival time and restored the haemoglobin and glucose level in in vivo assays. This was corroborated by reduced production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and pro-inflammatory mediators in rutin treated mice in P.berghei-induced malaria pathogenesis. Interestingly, the combination of rutin with chloroquine had shown synergy in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The findings of the present study thus highlighted the suitability of rutin for further study in the management of drug resistant malaria, alone or in combination with other compounds.