bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of oxidised regenerated cellulose/collagen dressings versus standard of care over multiple wound types: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chowdhry Saeed A. , Nieves‐Malloure Yeni , Camardo Mark , Robertson Julie M. , Keys Joshua 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOxidised regenerated cellulose (ORC)/collagen dressings help maintain physiologically moist wound environments conducive to wound healing. While evidence supporting ORC/collagen dressing use exists, comprehensive assessment is needed. This systematic review/meta‐analysis evaluated the performance of ORC/collagen dressings compared with standard dressings. A systematic literature search was performed using PUBMED, EMBASE, and QUOSA Virtual Library. Published studies and conference abstracts were assessed between 1 January 1996 and 27 July 2020. Comparative studies in English completed by 31 December 2019, with a study population ≥10 were included. Patient demographics, wound healing, and protease concentrations were extracted. A random‐effect model was used to assess the effect of ORC/collagen dressings. Twenty studies were included following removal of duplicates and articles not meeting inclusion criteria. A statistically significant effect in favour of ORC/collagen dressings was found for wound closure (P = 0.027) and percent wound area reduction (P = 0.006). Inconclusive evidence or limited reporting prevented assessment of time to complete healing, days of therapy, number of dressing applications, pain, matrix metalloproteinase, elastase, plasmin, and gelatinase concentration. Statistically significant increase in wound closure rates and percent wound area reduction were observed in patients receiving ORC/collagen dressings compared with standard dressings in this systematic review/meta‐analysis.
The effects of activating a “baby brain” stereotype on pregnant women’s cognitive functioning
Authors: Pownall Madeleine , Conner Mark , Hutter Russell R. C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThroughout pregnancy and into the immediate postpartum period, women are generally perceived to be incompetent, stressed, and forgetful. However, the neuropsychological “baby brain” literature remains unclear and contradictory. Across two studies, we provide the first experimental tests of whether perceived cognitive impairment in pregnancy can be explained by stereotype threat theory, which proposes that awareness of negative stereotypes about one’s ingroup can harm performance. In Study 1 (N = 364), we tested stereotype threat effects in a 2 (stereotype threat versus no threat) × 3 (pregnant women versus new mothers versus never‐pregnant female control) design. We observed a main effect of group on memory performance (pregnant women and new mothers performed worse than controls), but no other main or interactive effects. Study 2 (N = 409) aimed to extend these research questions with mathematics ability, memory, and attention as the dependent variables. Again, we found that a stereotype threat manipulation did not impair pregnant women and new mothers’ cognitive performance, nor was there any interactive effects. Groups also did not differ in their performance. We discuss these results in the context of stereotype threat mechanisms, calling into question whether a stereotype threat paradigm can be applied effectively to pregnancy‐related stereotypes. This work has implications for the advancement of stereotype threat as a theory and contributes to the reappraisal of the utility of stereotype threat as a way of understanding how stereotypes affect performance.
The α2AR/Caveolin‐1/p38MAPK/NF‐κB axis explains dexmedetomidine protection against lung injury following intestinal ischaemia‐reperfusion
Authors: Xu Lin , Li Taiyuan , Chen Qiuhong , Liu Zhen , Chen Yuesheng , Hu Kai , Zhang Xuekang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntestinal ischaemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury can result in acute lung injury due to ischaemia and hypoxia. Dexmedetomidine (Dex), a highly selective alpha2‐noradrenergic receptor (α2AR) agonist used in anaesthesia, is reported to regulate inflammation in organs. This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of Dex in lung injury caused by intestinal I/R. After establishing a rat model of intestinal I/R, we measured the wet‐to‐dry specific gravity of rat lungs upon treatments with Dex, SB239063 and the α2AR antagonist Atipamezole. Moreover, injury scoring and histopathological studies of lung tissues were performed, followed by ELISA detection on tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1β and IL‐6 expression. Correlation of Caveolin‐1 (Cav‐1) protein expression with p38, p‐p38, p‐p65 and p65 in rat lung tissues was analysed, and the degree of cell apoptosis in lung tissues after intestinal I/R injury was detected by TUNEL assay. The lung injury induced by intestinal I/R was a dynamic process. Moreover, Dex had protective effects against lung injury by mediating the expression of Cal‐1 and α2A‐AR. Specifically, Dex promoted Cav‐1 expression via α2A‐AR activation and mitigated intestinal I/R‐induced lung injury, even in the presence of Atipamezole. The protective effect of Dex on intestinal I/R‐induced lung injury was also closely related to α2A‐AR/p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinases/nuclear factor‐kappaB (MAPK/NF‐κB) pathway. Dex can alleviate pulmonary inflammation after in intestinal I/R by promoting Cav‐1 to inhibit the activation of p38 and NF‐κB. In conclusion, Dex can reduce pulmonary inflammatory response even after receiving threats from both intestinal I/R injury and Atipamezole.
USP11 degrades KLF4 via its deubiquitinase activity in liver diseases
Authors: Yang Heeyoung , Park Daeui , Ryu Jeongho , Park Tamina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractKrüppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4) is a zinc‐finger containing DNA‐binding transcription factor involved in tumorigenesis and acts as a tumour suppressor or an oncogene depending on the tissue. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), KLF4 has been considered as a tumour suppressor, although the mechanism underlying its action remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified the ubiquitin‐specific peptidase USP11 as a KLF4‐interacting deubiquitinating enzyme using a proteomic approach. USP11 destabilizes KLF4 through the removal of K63‐dependent polyubiquitination, thereby inhibiting KLF4 expression. We also provide mechanistic insights into KLF4 degradation and show that USP11 depletion inhibits growth and chemoresistance of HCC cells by enhancing KLF4 stability. Importantly, lipid content was reduced and genes involved in fatty acid metabolism were down‐regulated in an in vitro steatosis conditions upon USP11 knockout. Finally, elevated USP11 and reduced KLF4 levels were detected both in a hepatic steatosis in vitro model and in public clinical data of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and HCC patients. Collectively, these findings suggest that USP11, as KLF4‐binding partner, is an important mediator of hepatic tumorigenesis that functions via degradation of KLF4 and is a potential treatment target for liver diseases.
‘Do the resilient things.’ Residents' perspectives on responsibilities for flood risk adaptation in England
Authors: Snel Karin A. W. , Priest Sally J. , Hartmann Thomas , Witte Patrick A. , Geertman Stan C. M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractResidents should take adaptive action to reduce flood risk—this claim increasingly resonates in the academic debate on flood risk management (FRM). Hence, it must be assumed that a change in the division of responsibilities between actors involved is an imperative, that is, beyond the public authorities, residents should become more responsible for their own flood resilience. However, residents' perspectives on their own and other's responsibility for adaptive action has not yet been explored extensively. In this contribution, we distinguish between four notions of responsibility in analysing the perspectives of residents regarding flood risk adaptation measures undertaken by public authorities, insurance companies and residents themselves. A qualitative study in England shows how residents perceive responsibilities for flood risk adaptation across the various notions and actors, including themselves. We found that residents have clear expectations and perceptions on how they think responsibility is divided among stakeholders and how they would like it to be. Additionally, the discourse on responsibility division in FRM raises questions and causes mismatches between the formal legal parameters and residents' perceptions. With the insights into residents' perceptions, opportunities arise to better inform and encourage them to take flood risk adaptation measures and thereby improve flood resilience.
Impact of Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Group B Streptococcus on the Term Infant Gut Microbiome: A State of the Science Review
Authors: Garcia Vanessa R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSince the implementation of screening and prophylaxis guidelines for group B streptococcus (GBS) in the early 1990s there has been considerable advancement in scientific knowledge about the gut microbiome and its role in both health and disease processes. Research assessing early influences during the development of the infant gut microbiome has advanced considerably in the last 15 years. It is now widely accepted that early introduction of antibiotics in infancy is associated with increased risk for illness later in life. Research on antibiotic administration to pregnant individuals during labor for GBS colonization and its potential impact on the developing gut microbiome of term infants is now emerging. Despite the growing body of evidence of the negative impact of antibiotics on the gut microbiome, the guidelines for GBS prophylaxis among pregnant individuals have not changed significantly since their inception in the 1990s. This state of the science review examines the association between intrapartum antibiotic administration and alterations in the gut microbiome of term infants born vaginally, specifically in relation to microbial composition; the occurrence of and effect on antibiotic resistance genes in the infant gut; and the factors that may compound or mitigate these effects.
Impact of anxiety and depression on the quality of life of haemodialysis patients
Authors: Al‐Nashri Fatima , Almutary Hayfa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesThis study aimed to assess the impact of anxiety and depression on the quality of life (QOL) of haemodialysis patients.BackgroundThe growing number of people undergoing haemodialysis therapy on a global scale is becoming a universal concern. Although haemodialysis treatment is known to affect one's psychological well‐being, the impact of depression and anxiety on one's QOL has not been well addressed.DesignA correlational cross‐sectional design.MethodsA convenience sample of 114 patients who had been undergoing haemodialysis therapy participated in this study. The research methods used complied with the STROBE checklist. Data were collected using the Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Survey‐36 and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The association between the KDQOL, anxiety and depression based on the characteristics of participants was investigated using an independent t test and one‐way analysis of variance.ResultsThe mean anxiety score of the participants was 7.7 ± 5.3, while the mean score for depression was 7.01 ± 4.2. Based on the cut‐off points, 50% of the participants had anxiety, 44.7% depression. There were negative correlations between anxiety and QOL (r = −0.599, p < 0.001) and between depression and QOL (r = −.599, p < .001). The burden of the disease and physical component scores were mostly affected by both anxiety and depression.ConclusionsAnxiety and depression are common symptoms among patients undergoing haemodialysis, and they have a negative impact on all domains of the QOL. Early detection and treatment of anxiety and depression may have a positive impact on disease outcomes.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings of the current study support the need to adopt effective strategies to improve screening for anxiety and depression. The detection of high physical symptom burden should draw attention to potential psychological issues.
Oestrogen promotes lipids transportation through oestrogen receptor α in hepatic steatosis of geese in vitro
Authors: Deng Yan , Yuan Junsong , Qiu Jiamin , Tang Bincheng , Chen Xuefei , Hu Shenqiang , He Hua , Liu Hehe , Li Liang , Han Chunchun , Hu Jiwei , Wang Jiwen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEvidence has shown that oestrogen suppresses lipids deposition in the liver of mammals. However, the molecular mechanism of oestrogen action in hepatic steatosis of geese liver has yet to be determined. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oestrogen on lipid homeostasis at different states of geese hepatocytes in vitro. The results showed that an in vitro model of hepatic steatosis was induced by 1.5 mM sodium oleate via detecting the viability of hepatocytes and content of lipids. When the normal hepatocytes were administrated with different concentrations of oestrogen (E2), the expression levels of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2), microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) and oestrogen receptors (ERs, alpha and beta) were up‐regulated only at high concentrations of E2, whereas the lipid content was not a significant difference. In goose hepatocytes of hepatic steatosis, however, the expression levels of MTTP, apolipoprotein B (apoB) and ERα/β significantly increased at 10−7 or 10−6 M E2. Meanwhile, the lipids content significantly increased at 10−9 and 10−8 M E2 and decreased at 80 µM E2. Further heatmap analysis showed that ERα was clustered with apoB and MTTP in either normal hepatocytes or that of hepatic steatosis. Taken together, E2 might bind to ERα to up‐regulate the expression levels of apoB and MTTP, promoting the transportation of lipids and alleviating lipids overload in hepatic steatosis of geese in vitro.
Successful nutritional control of scratching and clinical signs associated with adverse food reaction: A randomized controlledCOSCAD'18 adherent clinical trial in dogs in the United States
Authors: Weemhoff James L. , MacLeay Jennifer M. , Brejda John , Schiefelbein Heidi , Wernimont Susan M. , Gross Kathy L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundAdverse reactions to food are a common dermatological condition in dogs, requiring nutritional intervention using a novel or hydrolysate protein‐based food.ObjectiveTo evaluate a therapeutic food containing egg and phytonutrients in dogs with food allergies using an activity monitor and core outcome set for canine atopic dermatitis (COSCAD'18) guidelines and in a controlled double‐masked, multicenter, prospective clinical trial.AnimalsAdult dogs with a history of adverse food reaction as diagnosed by a food elimination trial were recruited from general practices.MethodsAfter a 21‐day baseline period, dogs were randomized to test or positive control (hydrolyzed protein) food for 21 days. Owner (pruritus visual analog score [PVAS], coat quality, food acceptance, and satisfaction) and veterinarian (canine atopic dermatitis lesion index [CADLI], physical examination) assessments were completed on days 0, 21, and 42. Dogs wore a collar‐mounted activity monitor to record scratching and shaking behavior throughout the study. Statistical analysis included within‐group comparison to baseline and between‐group comparison at study end using a significance threshold of alpha = 0.05.ResultsAt the end of the treatment period, all results were similar between groups for CADLI, PVAS, owner satisfaction, activity, and questionnaire data. Scores for hair dullness, brittleness, amount of dandruff, feces quality, and food acceptance were positive and not statistically different between groups.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe therapeutic test food was well‐accepted and efficacious in managing signs of adverse reactions to food compared to baseline as well as compared to the positive control food.
Low‐dose desoxycorticosterone pivalate treatment of hypoadrenocorticism in dogs: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Vincent Alysha M. , Okonkowski Linda K. , Brudvig Jean M. , Refsal Kent R. , Berghoff Nora , Olivier N. Bari , Langlois Daniel K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundDesoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP) is a commonly used mineralocorticoid replacement for dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism (HA), but manufacturer‐recommended dosing protocols can be cost‐prohibitive. Recent reports also have raised concerns that label dose protocols could be excessive.ObjectiveTo investigate the relative efficacy and adverse effects of 2 DOCP dosages in dogs with primary glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficient HA.AnimalsThirty‐seven dogs, including 19 test population dogs and 18 controls.MethodsRandomized controlled double‐blinded clinical trial. Dogs with newly diagnosed primary HA were assigned to standard (2.2 mg/kg q30d, control population) or low‐dose (1.1 mg/kg q30d, test population) DOCP treatment. Clinical and laboratory variables were assessed 10 to 14 days and approximately 30 days after each DOCP treatment for 90 days.ResultsMean serum sodium to potassium ratios at reevaluations were ≥32 in both populations throughout the study. No dog developed electrolyte abnormalities warranting medical treatment, although hypokalemia occurred on at least 1 occasion in 9 controls and 6 test population dogs. Urine specific gravities (median, interquartile range) were lower in control dogs (1.022, 1.016‐1.029) as compared to test population dogs (1.033, 1.023‐1.039;P= .006). Plasma renin activity was overly suppressed on 84 of 104 (80.8%) assessments in control dogs whereas increased renin activity occurred on 23 of 112 (20.5%) assessments in test population dogs.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceLow‐dose DOCP protocols appear to be safe and effective for treatment of HA in most dogs. Standard‐dose protocols are more likely to result in biochemical evidence of overtreatment.
Resource availability drives variation in a marsupial glider’s home‐range size
Authors: Stobo‐Wilson A. M. , Cremona T. , Murphy B. P. , Carthew S. M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNumerous studies have detailed the home‐range size of a variety of species. However, few have been able to determine the underlying contribution of species' traits (e.g. body mass and diet) versus the external environment (e.g. resource availability) on variation in home‐range size. We investigated the importance of body mass and resource availability on the home‐range size of a marsupial, the savanna glider (Petaurus ariel), in the tropical savannas of northern Australia. A strong rainfall gradient occurs over the region, resulting in substantial variation in resource availability throughout the geographic range of P. ariel. To determine P. ariel home‐range size, we radio‐tracked individuals from populations at the climatic extremes of the species’ geographic range, representing areas of high and low rainfall (mean annual rainfall: 1695 mm and 1074 mm, respectively). Additionally, we conducted spotlight surveys at each site to determine population density and collated live‐trapping data to model the body mass of P. ariel over its geographic range. We found an almost 10‐fold increase in P. ariel’s seasonal home‐range size between the two study areas (high rainfall: 2.5 ha vs. low rainfall: 23.0 ha). Body mass (67.5 g vs. 101.1 g) and density (1.1 individuals ha–1 vs. 0.2 individuals ha–1) also varied significantly between the high and low rainfall populations, respectively. The mean seasonal home‐range size of P. ariel was larger than any other similar‐sized Australian Petaurid and was in the top 6% of home‐range size, relative to body mass, of terrestrial, omnivorous mammals globally. The disproportionately large home‐range size of P. ariel is most likely driven by low resource availability within the species' geographic range. Our findings highlight that when resources are limiting, home‐range size can far exceed what is predicted by body mass and diet alone.
Redistributive effects of fiscal policies in Mexico: Corrections for top income measurement problems
Authors: Hlasny Vladimir 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article assesses the redistributive effects of fiscal instruments in Mexico in 2010–2014, correcting for top‐income measurement problems. Two correction methods are applied—survey‐sample reweighting for households' nonresponse probability and replacing of top incomes using smooth Pareto distributions—to reestimate the effects of pensions, transfers, taxes, and subsidies. These corrections yield higher inequality measures, consistent between the reweighting and replacing methods. Taxable income shows the highest inequality and undergoes the highest upward correction for top‐income problems, whereas nontaxable income is strongly equalizing. Contributory pensions are inequality‐neutral, while transfers, taxes, and subsidies are equalizing. In‐kind transfers, cash‐like transfers, and direct taxes have the strongest equalizing effects. Top‐income measurement challenges retain their magnitude across years 2010, 2012, and 2014, but household nonresponse becomes more positively selected, causing greater biases in later years.
Extraterrestrial hydroxy amino acids in CM and CR carbonaceous chondrites
Authors: Koga Toshiki , Parker Eric T. , McLain Hannah L. , Aponte José C. , Elsila Jamie E. , Dworkin Jason P. , Glavin Daniel P. , Naraoka Hiroshi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe abundances, distributions, and enantiomeric ratios of a family of three‐ and four‐carbon hydroxy amino acids (HAAs) were investigated in extracts of five CM and four CR carbonaceous chondrites by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry analyses. HAAs were detected in both the acid hydrolysates of the hot water extracts and the 6 M HCl extracts of all the CM and CR chondrites analyzed here with total hot water and HCl extractable HAA concentrations ranging from 6.94 to 315 nmol g−1. The HAA analyses performed in this study revealed: (1) the combined (hot water + HCl) extracts of CR2 chondrites contained greater abundances of α‐HAAs than that of CM2 chondrites and (2) the combined extracts of CM and CR chondrites contained roughly similar abundances of β‐ and γ‐HAAs. Application of the new GC‐MS method developed here resulted in the first successful chromatographic resolution of the enantiomers of an α‐dialkyl HAA, d,l‐α‐methylserine, in carbonaceous chondrite extracts. Meteoritic α‐methylserine was found to be mostly racemic within error and did not show l‐enantiomeric excesses correlating with the degree of aqueous alteration, a phenomenon observed in meteoritic isovaline, another α‐dialkyl amino acid. The HAAs identified in CM and CR chondrite extracts could have been produced during parent body alteration from the Strecker cyanohydrin reaction (for α‐HAAs) and an ammonia‐involved formose‐like reaction (for β‐, and γ‐HAAs).