bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La negociación colectiva del personal laboral de las Corporaciones Locales: el caso de la Región de Murcia como extensible al resto de Comunidades
Authors: Fernández Collados Belén 
Published: February 2021

Una parte muy destacada de la negociación colectiva en las Administraciones Públicas es la desarrollada por las Corporaciones Locales. En este trabajo de investigación se examinan con detalle todos y cada uno de los instrumentos de negociación de las Corporaciones Locales de la Región de Murcia con el objeto de averiguar su grado de afectación por la crisis económica, su situación actual, y si las conclusiones a tal efecto son extrapolables al resto de Comunidades Autónomas.
A very prominent part of collective bargaining in Public Administrations is that developed by Local Corporations. In this research work, each and every one of the negotiation instruments of the Local Corporations of the Region of Murcia are examined in detail in order to find out their degree of impact due to the economic crisis, their current situation, and whether the conclusions to Such effect is extrapolated to the rest of the Autonomous Communities.
LEY APLICABLE Y COMPETENCIAL JUDICIAL INTERNACIONAL EN EL REGLAMENTO (UE) 2016/1103 SOBRE REGÍMENES ECONÓMICOS MATRIMONIALES
Authors: PÉREZ VALLEJO ANA MARÍA 
Published: February 2021

Este trabajo realiza un análisis del Reglamento (UE) nº 2016/1103 sobre regímenes económicos matrimoniales. Focalizamos nuestra atención en las normas de conflicto sobre la ley aplicable y los foros de competencia judicial internacional. En aras a la previsibilidad y plena seguridad jurídica, propicia que los cónyuges conozcan qué tribunal será competente para conocer de sus relaciones patrimoniales, y cuál será el Derecho aplicable a las mismas, tanto durante la vigencia del matrimonio, con ocasión de su disolución. Su objeto es evitar que puedan verse sujetos a regímenes distintos en función del tribunal competente o la ley aplicable.
This paper analyses Regulation (EU) No 2016/1103 on matrimonial property regimes. We focus our attention on the conflict rules on applicable law and the forums of international jurisdiction. For the sake of predictability and full legal certainty, it is important for the spouses to know which court will have jurisdiction over their property relations and which law will be applicable to them, both during the period of the marriage and on its dissolution. It is intended to prevent them from being subject to different regimes depending on the competent court or the applicable law.
La sopravvivenza delle sostituzioni dei forestierismi proposte nel Commentario-Dizionario italiano della moda di Cesare Meano (1936): tre casi
Authors: Altissimi Elisa 
Published: February 2021

The essay focuses on the Commentario-Dizionario italiano della moda by Cesare Meano. In its appendix, the Commentario contains a long list of loanwords (mainly from French), concerning the fashion world, for which Meano proposes the same number of Italian substitutes. This kind of approach falls within the well-known fascist linguistic policy, which was averse to loanwords, in order to preserve the pureness of the Italian language. The authoress will select three of these substitutes and will analyse their aliveness in diachrony. The selected loanwords and the related substitutes share a feature: the presence, nowadays, of other substitutes which did not exist by the time of Meano and which are mostly from English. The vitality in use of these three synonyms (the French one, the Italian one and the English one) will be compared, using the corpus of Google Books and the archives of some fashion journals.
Low compositions of human toll-like receptor 7/8-stimulating RNA motifs in the MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 genomes imply a substantial ability to evade human innate immunity
Authors: Yang Chu-Wen , Chen Mei-Fang 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThe innate immune system especially Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 and the interferon pathway, constitutes an important first line of defense against single-stranded RNA viruses. However, large-scale, systematic comparisons of the TLR 7/8-stimulating potential of genomic RNAs of single-stranded RNA viruses are rare. In this study, a computational method to evaluate the human TLR 7/8-stimulating ability of single-stranded RNA virus genomes based on their human TLR 7/8-stimulating trimer compositions was used to analyze 1,002 human coronavirus genomes.ResultsThe human TLR 7/8-stimulating potential of coronavirus genomic (positive strand) RNAs followed the order of NL63-CoV > HKU1-CoV >229E-CoV ≅ OC63-CoV > SARS-CoV-2 > MERS-CoV > SARS-CoV. These results suggest that among these coronaviruses, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 may have a higher ability to evade the human TLR 7/8-mediated innate immune response. Analysis with a logistic regression equation derived from human coronavirus data revealed that most of the 1,762 coronavirus genomic (positive strand) RNAs isolated from bats, camels, cats, civets, dogs and birds exhibited weak human TLR 7/8-stimulating potential equivalent to that of the MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNAs.ConclusionsPrediction of the human TLR 7/8-stimulating potential of viral genomic RNAs may be useful for surveillance of emerging coronaviruses from nonhuman mammalian hosts.
High expression of SPP1 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is correlated with increased risk of lung cancer
Authors: Miao Ti‐wei , Xiao Wei , Du Long‐yi , Mao Bing , Huang Wei , Chen Xue‐mei , Li Cong , Wang Yan , Fu Juan‐juan 
Published: February 2021

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airway inflammation and fixed airflow obstruction. Patients with COPD have increased risk of lung cancer (LC), and the coexistence of both diseases is associated with poorer survival. However, the mechanisms predisposing patients with COPD to LC development and poor prognosis remain unclear. Gene expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Twenty‐two data sets were included (n = 876). We identified 133 DEGs and 145 DEGs in patients with COPD and LC compared with healthy controls, respectively. There were 1544 DEGs in patients with LC and coexisting COPD compared with COPD, and these DEGs are mainly involved in the cell cycle, DNA replication, p53 signalling and insulin signalling. The biological processes primarily associated with these DEGs are oxidation reduction and apoptosis. SPP1 was the only overlapping DEG that was up‐regulated in patients with COPD and/or LC, and this was validated by qPCR in an independent cohort. The area under the curve value for SPP1 was 0.893 (0.822–0.963) for the prediction of LC in patients with COPD. High expression of SPP1 in patients with LC was associated with shorter survival time. Up‐regulation of SPP1 may be associated with increased risk of LC in patients with COPD and therefore may have potential as a therapeutic target for LC in patients with COPD.
Accurate Extraction of Schottky Barrier Height and Universality of Fermi Level De‐Pinning of van der Waals Contacts
Authors: Murali Krishna , Dandu Medha , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Majumdar Kausik 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDue to Fermi level pinning (FLP), metal‐semiconductor contact interfaces result in a Schottky barrier height (SBH), which is usually difficult to tune. This makes it challenging to efficiently inject both electrons and holes using the same metal—an essential requirement for several applications, including light‐emitting devices and complementary logic. Interestingly, modulating the SBH in the Schottky–Mott limit of de‐pinned van der Waals (vdW) contacts becomes possible. However, accurate extraction of the SBH is essential to exploit such contacts to their full potential. In this study a simple technique is proposed to accurately estimate the SBH at the vdW contact interfaces by circumventing several ambiguities associated with SBH extraction. Using this technique on several vdW contacts, including metallic 2H‐TaSe2, semi‐metallic graphene, and degenerately doped semiconducting SnSe2, it is demonstrated that vdW contacts exhibit a universal de‐pinned nature. Superior ambipolar carrier injection properties of vdW contacts are demonstrated (with Au contact as a reference) in two applications, namely, a) pulsed electroluminescence from monolayer WS2 using few‐layer graphene (FLG) contact, and b) efficient carrier injection to WS2 and WSe2 channels in both n‐type and p‐type field effect transistor modes using 2H‐TaSe2 contact.
Linking Solid Electrolyte Degradation to Charge Carrier Transport in the Thiophosphate‐Based Composite Cathode toward Solid‐State Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Ohno Saneyuki , Rosenbach Carolin , Dewald Georg F. , Janek Jürgen , Zeier Wolfgang G. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSolid‐state lithium‐sulfur batteries (SSLSBs) have the potential to cause a paradigm shift in energy storage. The use of emerging highly‐conductive solid electrolytes enables high energy and power densities. However, the need for an intimate mixture of electrolyte and conductive additives to compensate for the insulating nature of cathode active materials S8 and Li2S induces intense electrolyte degradation. Thus, it is paramount to understand better the electrochemical and transport properties of the cathode composite with extremely high interface density among cathode components. Here, by utilizing a ball‐milled composite of the lithium argyrodite Li6PS5Cl and carbon as a model electrode, the stability, reversibility, and transport in the composite as functions of cathode loading, the volume fraction of conducting phase, temperature, and applied potentials are comprehensively investigated. Comparing the onset potentials of electrolyte degradation and the sharp drop in the effective ionic conductivity of the composite determined through transmission‐line model analysis, successful enhancement of the capacity retention of SSLSBs is demonstrated by balancing between the attainable capacity and effective carrier transport, achieving a high areal capacity of 3.68 mAh cm−2 after 100 cycles at room temperature. The here‐observed analysis is applicable to any solid‐state composite with electrically insulating active materials.
Controlling the Pd Metal Contact Polarity to Trigonal Tellurium by Atomic Hydrogen‐Removal of the Native Tellurium Oxide
Authors: Smyth Christopher M. , Zhou Guanyu , Barton Adam T. , Wallace Robert M. , Hinkle Christopher L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPalladium (Pd) electrodes have enabled superior performance in Te‐based devices. Theory predicts strong Fermi level (EF) pinning near the Te valence band, which likely explains the predominant p‐type conduction in Te transistors. The effects of the native TeOx on the contact polarity has not been explored. In this work, X‐ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectra (XPS and UPS, respectively) reveal the native surface oxide de‐pins the EF between Pd and trigonal Te (t‐Te) and can reduce contact resistance of hole and electron contacts to Te for back end of line‐compatible complementary logic circuits. Atomic hydrogen reduces the native t‐Te oxide below the XPS detection limit, after which, the EF resides near the t‐Te conduction band edge. Therefore, an n‐type band alignment is formed between Pd and t‐Te via an atomic hydrogen treatment. Furthermore, UPS shows the EF is pinned near the t‐Te conduction band edge. XPS indicates the formation of a PdTex intermetallic at the Pdt‐Te interface also affects the electrostatics of the interface. The concentration of PdTex is 40% higher when TeOx is removed from the t‐Te surface before Pd metallization, likely the root cause of the low (pinned) work function when the native oxide is absent.
Bottom‐Up Ecofriendly Strategy for Construction of Sustainable Bacterial Cellulose Bioaerogel with Multifunctional Properties
Authors: Cheng Zheng , Duan Chengliang , Zeng Jinsong , Wang Bin , Xu Jun , Gao Wenhua , Li Jinpeng , Chen Kefu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe production of sustainable bioaerogel by using renewable biomass via eco‐friendly techniques is a meaningful research topic. This study reports a facile bottom‐up green strategy to construct dimensionally stable bioaerogel derived from bacterial cellulose (BC). Taking advantages of the natural hierarchical and interconnected network structure of BC, the preparation of bioaerogel comprises directional freezing, followed by freeze‐drying approach. Aside from the multifunctional characteristics such as high porosity, low density, and large specific surface area, the resultant BC bioaerogels show superhydrophilic property, excellent water absorption, and swelling characteristics. In addition, the extremely compressed bioaerogel film exhibits flexibility and good mechanical properties. And the BC bioaerogels display a low coefficient of thermal conductivity (25.8 mW m−1 K−1). Moreover, the BC bioaerogels reveal excellent sound absorption at board frequencies from 200 to 6000 Hz with a maximum sound‐absorption coefficient of 0.97. The BC bioaerogel is further used as the green, sustainable, and degradable cigarette filter tip, exhibiting good adsorption effect for the smoke main components. In summary, this study provides a feasible solution to rationally construct lightweight, high porous, heat‐insulating, and highly efficient sound‐adsorption BC bioaerogel, which has potential applications in the future as green advanced functional materials.
Enabling Stable Zn Anode via a Facile Alloying Strategy and 3D Foam Structure
Authors: Fan Xiaoyong , Yang Huan , Wang Xinxin , Han Jiaxing , Wu Yan , Gou Lei , Li Dong‐Lin , Ding Yuan‐Li 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion battery (AZIB) has become a promising candidate in grid energy storage due to its low cost, environmental friendliness, and high safety. However, AZIB usually suffers from uncontrollable zinc deposition and dendrite growth as well as hydrogen evolution and passivation on the surface of zinc anode. To address the above issues, a unique 3D Zn alloy foam anode built from Zn–Sn–Pb alloy in 3D Cu foam is constructed by a facile hot dipping method. The proposed 3D Zn alloy anode, through introducing elements Sn and Pb, enhances the hydrogen evolution overpotential, reduces the corrosion current, greatly mitigates the self‐corrosion in the electrolyte, and efficiently inhibits the growth of Zn dendrite during cycling. Importantly, such Zn alloy engineering together with a 3D Cu foam current collector enables highly stable Zn storage properties. The full cell assembled using the proposed 3D Zn alloy anode and MnO2 nanosheet cathode exhibits superior reversible capacity (103.4 mAh g−1) and excellent cycling stability (capacity retention of 87% over 4000 cycles) at 1.8 A g−1.
Unveiling True 3D Nanoscale Microstructural Evolution in Chalcogenide Nanocomposites: A Roadmap for Advanced Infrared Functionality
Authors: Kang Myungkoo , Martin Isabelle , Sharma Rashi , Blanco Cesar , Antonov Stoichko , Prosa Ty J. , Larson David J. , Francois‐Saint‐Cyr Hugues , Richardson Kathleen A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe design of multiphase optical nanocomposites necessitates the understanding of coexisting phases’ morphology and chemistry which have deterministic impacts on light–matter interaction. A prominent example is gradient refractive index (GRIN) materials proposed to realize an arbitrarily shaped, single optical component with minimal chromatic aberration. Ge‐As‐Pb‐Se materials are promising for GRIN due to their ability to exhibit spatially varying volume fraction of high‐index Pb‐rich phases in low index matrices. These materials are characterized to date, exclusively using transmission electron microscopy to reveal their phase separation and induced crystalline phase(s). It is found in the study that the intrinsic 2D perspective of the technique has hindered the identification of true morphology. To clarify this ambiguity, atom probe tomography (APT) is utilized to gain the first‐ever observation of the nanocomposites’ microstructure and its evolution upon heat treatment in a 3D space. The APT‐quantified geometry and chemistry of coexisting phases are considered to predict the effective media's optical behaviors which closely match experimental data, enabling the establishment of the material's predictive and accurate process–structure–property relationship. Findings in the study demonstrate the robustness and advantage of the APT‐assisted characterization in the design and realization of GRIN materials.
Localized Plasmon Field Effect of Gold Clusters Embedded in Nanoporous Silicon
Authors: Wu Rihan , Mathieu Thibaut , Storey Catherine J. , Jin Qihao , Collins Jack , Canham Leigh T. , Kaplan Andrey 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCoupling between nanoplasmonics and semiconducting materials can enhance and complement the efficiency of almost all semiconductor technologies. It has been demonstrated that such composites enhance the light coupling to nanowires, increase photocurrent in detectors, enable sub‐gap detection, allow DNA detection, and produce large non‐linearity. Nevertheless, the tailored fabrication using the conventional methods to produce such composites remains a formidable challenge. This work attempts to resolve that deficiency by deploying the immersion‐plating method to spontaneously grown gold clusters inside nano‐porous silicon (np‐Si). This method allows the fabrication of thin films of np‐Si with embedded gold nanoparticles (Au) and creates nanoplasmonic–semiconductor composites, np‐Si/Au, with fractional volume between 0.02 and 0.13 of the metallic component. Optical scattering measurements reveal a distinctive, 200 nm broad, localized surface plasmon (LSP) resonance, centered around 700 nm. Linear and non‐linear properties, and their time evolution are investigated by optically pumping the LSP resonance and probing the optical response with short wavelength infra‐red (2.5 m) light. The ultrafast time‐resolved study demonstrates unambiguously that the non‐linear response is not only directly related to the LSP excitation, but strongly enhanced with respect to bare np‐Si, while its strength can be tuned by varying the metallic component.
Boltzmann Thermometry in Cr3+‐Doped Ga2O3 Polymorphs: The Structure Matters!
Authors: Back Michele , Ueda Jumpei , Nambu Hiroshi , Fujita Masami , Yamamoto Akira , Yoshida Hisao , Tanaka Hiromitsu , Brik Mikhail G. , Tanabe Setsuhisa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe performance of luminescent Cr3+‐doped thermometers is strongly influenced by the locally surrounding ligand field. A universal relationship between the thermometric performance and structural/chemical parameters is highly desirable to drive the development of effective Cr3+‐based thermal sensors avoiding trial‐and‐error procedures. In this view, as prototypes, the electronic structure and the thermometric performance of Cr3+‐doped α‐Ga2O3 and β‐Ga2O3 polymorphs are compared. Combining a detailed theoretical and spectroscopic investigation, the electronic configuration and the crystal field (CF) acting on the Cr3+ in α‐Ga2O3 are described for the first time and compared with β‐Ga2O3:Cr3+ polymorph to discuss the thermometric behavior. A linear relationship between the 4T2–2E energy gap (directly linked to the relative sensitivity) and the CF strength Dq is demonstrated for a wide variety of materials. This trend can be considered as a first step to set guiding principles to design effective Cr3+‐based Boltzmann thermometers. In addition, as a proof of concept, particles of β‐Ga2O3:Cr3+ thermometer are used to locally measure in operando thermal variations of Pt catalysts on β‐Ga2O3:Cr3+ support during a catalytic reaction of C2H4 hydrogenation in a contactless and reliable mode, demonstrating their real potentials.
Local Depletion of Immune Checkpoint Ligand CTLA4 Expressing Cells in Tumor Beds Enhances Antitumor Host Immunity
Authors: Okada Ryuhei , Kato Takuya , Furusawa Aki , Inagaki Fuyuki , Wakiyama Hiroaki , Choyke Peter L. , Kobayashi Hisataka 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNear‐infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR‐PIT) is a cancer treatment that utilizes antibody‐photoabsorber (IR700) conjugates to selectively kill target cells by exposing them to NIR light. Cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) is a major immune checkpoint ligand mediating antitumor immune suppression. Local depletion of CTLA4 expressing cells in the tumor bed with NIR‐PIT could enhance antitumor immune responses by both blocking the CTLA4‐axis and depleting immune suppressive cells. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of CTLA4‐targeted NIR‐PIT using four murine tumor models, MC38‐luc, LL/2‐luc, MOC2‐luc, and MOC2. The CTLA4‐targeted NIR‐PIT depletes intratumoral CTLA4 expressing cells which are mostly regulatory T cells. In vivo CTLA4‐targeted NIR‐PIT yields complete responses in 80% of MC38‐luc, 70% of LL/2‐luc, and 40% of MOC2‐luc tumors prolonging survival in all cases. After CTLA4‐targeted NIR‐PIT, activation and infiltration of CD8+ T cells within the tumor microenvironment is observed. In conclusion, CTLA4‐targeted NIR‐PIT can effectively treat tumors by blocking the CTLA4‐axis as well as by eliminating CTLA4‐expressing immune suppressor cells, resulting in T cell mediated antitumor immunity. Local CTLA4‐expressing cell depletion in tumor beds using NIR‐PIT could be a promising new cancer immunotherapy for safely treating a variety of tumor types.
Catalyst‐Free π‐Extended Conjugate Addition of Amines to Various Electron‐Deficient π‐Systems
Authors: Tan Minghan , Chrostowski Robert , Sanematsu Haruki , Takeuchi Masayuki , Takai Atsuro 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDevelopment of atom‐economical, catalyst‐free, and benign synthetic methods for functionalizing π‐conjugated molecules is of great interest for unconventional organic materials. Here, we report catalyst‐free 1,6‐ or more π‐extended conjugate addition of amines to ethynyl groups directly attached to various electron‐deficient π‐systems. This hydroamination proceeded quantitatively under mild conditions to afford amino‐functionalized π‐systems. A kinetic study of the reaction revealed that the rate‐determining step was the nucleophilic attack of an amine to the π‐system, and the reaction obeyed typical second‐order kinetics. We found that the hydroamination rates of the π‐systems (the logarithm of the second‐order rate constants) showed a good linear correlation with the chemical shifts of the terminal ethynyl proton in 1H NMR spectrum. On the basis of the kinetic study of these π‐systems, an asymmetric amine monoadduct could be obtained from the corresponding two ethynyl‐substituted π‐system in a designed manner, and the other ethynyl group could be functionalized through different reactions such as Glaser coupling reaction. Some of the resultant amino‐functionalized π‐systems exhibited characteristic near‐IR emission, and the emission wavelength can be switched reversibly in response to a Brønsted acid and a base.