bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of dupilumab treatment versus endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Dharmarajan Harish , Falade Oluleke , Lee Stella E. , Wang Eric W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundOutside of SINUS‐24 (A Controlled Clinical Study of Dupilumab in Patients With Bilateral Nasal Polyps) and SINUS‐52 (Controlled Clinical Study of Dupilumab in Patients With Nasal Polyps), there are limited data on the efficacy of dupilumab in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). The objective was to compare dupilumab with functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in patients with CRSwNP by assessing the change in nasal polyp and Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) scores postintervention.MethodsA retrospective matched cohort study compared 54 patients who had CRSwNP treated with dupilumab with 54 patients who had CRSwNP treated with FESS; both cohorts were treated with topical corticosteroids. The primary end points were change in nasal polyp score and overall SNOT‐22 score. Secondary end points were change in SNOT‐22 domain scores and SNOT‐22 olfaction score.ResultsPatients who underwent FESS had a greater improvement in nasal polyp score (5.18 ± 2.01) compared with patients treated with dupilumab (4.27 ± 1.98, p = 0.02). There was no significant difference in terms of the change in overall SNOT‐22 score. Patients treated with dupilumab had greater improvement in the extranasal rhinologic SNOT‐22 domain scores (4.87 ± 3.91) compared with patients treated with FESS (2.93 ± 4.32, p = 0.02). There was a greater improvement in the SNOT‐22 olfaction scores for patients treated with dupilumab (2.35 ± 2.17) compared with patients treated with FESS (1.48 ± 2.24, p = 0.04). Patients taking dupilumab were followed on average for 12.20 months and patients treated with FESS were followed for 17.90 months.ConclusionOverall, both therapies are effective at reducing symptoms in patients with CRSwNP according to SNOT‐22. Patients treated with dupilumab reported improved olfaction and decreased cough, postnasal drainage, and thick nasal drainage as compared with patients treated with FESS, while patients treated with FESS had a greater reduction in polyp burden.
Essential Oil, Aroma, and Fatty Acid Profiles of Five Endemic Salvia Taxa from Turkey with Chemometric Analysis
Authors: Ertas Abdulselam , Akdeniz Mehmet , Yener Ismail , Ozturk Mehmet , Tokul Olmez Ozge , Firat Mehmet , Kolak Ufuk 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe essential oil, aroma, and fatty acid compositions of Salvia cerino‐pruinosa var. cerino‐pruinosa, S. cerino‐pruinosa var. elazigensis, S. pseudeuphratica, S. rosifolia, and S. kurdica collected in 2015, 2016, and 2017 were analysed by GC‐FID, GC/MS/Head Space and GC/MS. The results were evaluated chemometrically for principal component analyses and hierarchical clustering analyses using Minitab program. The main components of their essential oils have been determined as germacrene‐D (41.79 % highest for these species), camphor (55.80 %), linalool (33.38 %), caryophyllene oxide (32.99 %), 1,8‐cineole (26.30 %) and geraniol acetate (31.63 %), while for aroma 1,8‐cineole (45.95 % highest for these species), camphor (58.54 %), D‐limonene (40.83 %), linalool (27.67 %) and cis‐linalool oxide (25.87 %). Oleic (72.65 % highest for these species), erucic (44.61 %), 2‐palmitoleic (42.17 %) and nervonic (32.61 %) acids were determined as major components of their fatty acids. According to the PCA and HCA, the essential oil components of these Salvia taxa unaffected by the years, and accordingly, the Salvia taxa grouped among themselves.
Successful management of massive lamotrigine extended‐release intoxication in a dog
Authors: McLaine Alexis S. , Yaxley Page E. , Young Anda A. , Cooper Edward S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA 3‐year‐old spayed female Siberian Husky presented for evaluation following ingestion of approximately 429 mg/kg of lamotrigine extended‐release. She demonstrated severe neurologic and cardiac signs and was treated with lipid emulsion, anticonvulsants, antiarrhythmics and aggressive decontamination and supportive care. She was successfully discharged from the hospital 5 days later.
Germline TP53 c.566C>T mutation incidentally diagnosed during treatment for acute myeloid leukemia: A case report
Authors: Sato Hiroshi , Matsuo Seiki , Ando Yukiko , Imamura Yuko , Hirose Masaya 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTP53 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are associated with poor outcomes. The number of somatic and/or germline genetic tests for therapy is increasing. Patients with such incidental findings should undergo adequate genetic counseling.
Co‐Doping Strategies to Improve the Electrochemical Properties of LixMn2O4 Cathodes for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Tyagi Ramavtar , Lanjan Amirmasoud , Srinivasan Seshasai 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFour novel cathode electrode materials with improved material properties have been derived from the Lithium Manganese Oxide spinel using co‐doping strategies. Specifically, Aluminum, Nickel, Magnesium, and Yttrium were selected as the primary dopant to replace a fraction of Mn3+ (5 %), and S2− was selected as the secondary dopant to replace 1 % of O2−. A combination of quantum mechanics and molecular dynamics was used to study the fracture mechanics of the new materials for various State of Charge values, and improved performance is validated with experimental data. The results show that lattice constant values for all the doped structures decrease by 1.87 %–2.07 %. Overall, with co‐doping, the diffusion properties improved, and activation energy required for Li+ vacancy migration reduced (0.21–0.25 eV). We conclude that with reduced inter‐atomic distance, the overall life of the LMO spinel can be improved. The Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations to study the macro‐scale behaviour of these new materials shows a reduction in intercalation induced stress and heat generation.
Light‐Assisted Ullmann Coupling of Phenols and Aryl Halides: The Synergetic Effect Between Plasmonic Copper Nanoparticles and Carbon Nanotubes from Various Sources
Authors: Ji Rongrong , Jie Xiangyu , Zhou Yiwei , Wang Yuanhui , Li Bing , Liu Xuguang , Zhao Jian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUtilizing light and plastic wastes as resources to turn the wasted phenols and hazardous aryl halides into value added chemicals seems to be an attractive idea for alleviating the energy crisis and environmental problems. In this work, plasmonic copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) were loaded onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from various sources including commercial CNTs and those derived from plastic wastes. Under visible‐light irradiation, the catalyst could efficiently convert phenols and aryl halides to diaryl ethers. Similar with commercial CNTs, excellent activity is also achieved when utilizing CNTs derived from different kinds of plastic wastes as support for the system. Further investigation shows that the visible‐light irradiation and light‐excited plasmonic Cu NPs are necessary to inhibit the phenol degradation on CNTs and in turn promote the cross‐coupling of phenol and aryl halides. Compared with metal oxides and other carbon materials, the excellent capability of CNTs to absorb light, to convert light to heat, and to adsorb both two reactants simultaneously are critical to enhance the activity of Cu NPs, achieving high yields of diaryl ethers. This study could provide a novel strategy for catalyst design and generate a more economically sustainable process.
Sol‐Gel Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Using a Protein Crystal Template
Authors: Korpi Antti , Kostiainen Mauri A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMesoporous materials are useful for a wide range of applications, but control over the dimensions of the porous structure in this size regime remains challenging. Protein cages possess regular shape and many of them fall into the mesoporous size‐region, making them potential template materials for inorganic matrices. Here, apoferritin single crystals are used as templates for the production of mesoporous silica. The high free volume and large pore size of the crystals enable silica precursor hydrolysis and condensation inside them and thus templated growth of a silica matrix. Apoferritin can be removed by calcination to yield solid state structures with the crystalline periodicity retained in the mesopores. We foresee that the method is applicable also for other protein cages, enabling production of mesoporous silica with various pore dimensions.
Automatic selection of the number of clusters using Bayesian clustering and sparsity‐inducing priors
Authors: Valle Denis , Jameel Yusuf , Betancourt Brenda , Azeria Ermias T. , Attias Nina , Cullen Joshua 
Published: December 2021

AbstractClustering is a ubiquitous task in ecological and environmental sciences and multiple methods have been developed for this purpose. Because these clustering methods typically require users to a priori specify the number of groups, the standard approach is to run the algorithm for different numbers of groups and then choose the optimal number using a criterion (e.g., AIC or BIC). The problem with this approach is that it can be computationally expensive to run these clustering algorithms multiple times (i.e., for different numbers of groups) and some of these information criteria can lead to an overestimation of the number of groups. To address these concerns, we advocate for the use of sparsity‐inducing priors within a Bayesian clustering framework. In particular, we highlight how the truncated stick‐breaking (TSB) prior, a prior commonly adopted in Bayesian nonparametrics, can be used to simultaneously determine the number of groups and estimate model parameters for a wide range of Bayesian clustering models without requiring the fitting of multiple models. We illustrate the ability of this prior to successfully recover the true number of groups for three clustering models (two types of mixture models, applied to GPS movement data and species occurrence data, as well as the species archetype model) using simulated data in the context of movement ecology and community ecology. We then apply these models to armadillo movement data in Brazil, plant occurrence data from Alberta (Canada), and bird occurrence data from North America. We believe that many ecological and environmental sciences applications will benefit from Bayesian clustering methods with sparsity‐inducing priors given the ubiquity of clustering and the associated challenge of determining the number of groups. Two R packages, EcoCluster and bayesmove, are provided that enable the straightforward fitting of these models with the TSB prior.
Trait‐based inference of ecological network assembly: A conceptual framework and methodological toolbox
Authors: Marjakangas Emma‐Liina , Muñoz Gabriel , Turney Shaun , Albrecht Jörg , Neuschulz Eike Lena , Schleuning Matthias , Lessard Jean‐Philippe 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe study of ecological networks has progressively evolved from a mostly descriptive science to one that attempts to elucidate the processes governing the emerging structure of multitrophic communities. To move forward, we propose a conceptual framework using trait‐based inference of ecological processes to improve our understanding of network assembly and our ability to predict network reassembly amid global change. The framework formalizes the view that network assembly is governed by processes shaping the composition of resource and consumer communities within trophic levels and those dictating species’ interactions between trophic levels. To illustrate the framework and show its applicability, we (1) use simulations to explore network structures emerging from the interactions of these assembly processes, (2) develop a null model approach to infer the processes underlying network assembly from observational data, and (3) use the null model approach to quantify the relative influence of bottom‐up (resource‐driven) and top‐down (consumer‐driven) assembly modes on plant–frugivore networks along an elevational gradient. Simulations suggest that assembly processes governing the formation of pairwise interactions have a greater influence on network structure than those governing the composition of communities within trophic levels. Our case study further shows that the mode of network assembly along the gradient is mainly bottom‐up controlled, suggesting that the filtering of plant traits has a larger effect on network structure relative to the filtering of frugivore traits. Combined with increasingly available trait and interaction data, the framework provides a timely toolbox to infer assembly processes operating within and between trophic levels and to test competing hypotheses about the assembly mode of resource–consumer networks along environmental gradients and among biogeographic regions. It is a step toward a more process‐based network ecology and complete integration of multitrophic interactions in the prediction of future biodiversity.
A proposed strategy for anticoagulation therapy in noncompaction cardiomyopathy
Authors: Chimenti Cristina , Lavalle Carlo , Magnocavallo Michele , Alfarano Maria , Mariani Marco Valerio , Bernardini Federico , Della Rocca Domenico Giovanni , Galardo Gioacchino , Severino Paolo , Di Lullo Luca , Miraldi Fabio , Fedele Francesco , Frustaci Andrea 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNoncompaction cardiomyopathy (NCCM) is a rare condition characterized by prominent trabeculae, deep intertrabecular recesses, and a left ventricular myocardium with a two‐layered structure, characterized by a spongy endocardial layer and a thinner and compacted epicardial one. NCCM can be isolated or associated with other congenital heart diseases and complex syndromes involving neuromuscular disorders and facial dysmorphisms. To date, more than 40 genes coding for sarcomeric, cytoskeletal, ion channels, and desmosomal proteins have been identified. Clinical presentation is also highly variable, ranging from no symptoms to end‐stage heart failure (HF), lethal arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, or thromboembolic events. In particular, the prevalence of thromboembolism in NCCM patients appears to be higher than that of a similar, age‐matched population without NCCM. Thromboembolism has a multifactorial aetiology, which is linked to genetic, as well as traditional cardiovascular risk factors. In previous studies, atrial fibrillation (AF) was observed in approximately 25–30% of adult NCCM patients and embolism had a cardiac source in ~63–69% of cases; therefore, AF represents a strong predictor of adverse events, especially if associated to HF and neuromuscular disorders. Left ventricular dysfunction is another risk factor for thromboembolism, as a result of blood stagnation and local myocardial injury. Moreover, it is not completely clarified if the presence of deep intertrabecular recesses causing stagnant blood flow can constitute per se a thrombogenic substrate even in absence of ventricular dysfunction. For the clinical management of NCCM patients, an appropriate stratification of the thromboembolic risk is of utmost importance for a timely initiation of anticoagulant therapy. The aim of the present study is to review the available literature on NCCM with particular attention on thromboembolic risk stratification and prevention and the current evidence for oral anticoagulation therapy. The use of direct oral anticoagulants vs. vitamin K antagonists is also discussed with important implications for patient treatment and prognosis.
A Comparison of Four Different Electrode Matrices on the Performance of Amperometric Hydrogen Peroxide (Bio)Sensors
Authors: Tunca Kubilay , Öztürk Funda , Erden Pınar Esra 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA comparison of the analytical performances of four different (bio)sensor designs in H2O2 determination is discussed. The (bio)sensor designs developed were based on the use of (i) multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP), prussian blue (PB); (ii) MWCNT, ZnONP, PB and ionic liquid (IL); (iii) MWCNT, ZnONP and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and (iv) MWCNT, ZnONP, HRP and IL modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). A performance comparison of (bio)sensors showed that the one based on HRP/IL‐MWCNT‐ZnONP/GCE showed the best analytical characteristics with a linear dynamic range of 9.99×10−8–7.55×10−4 M, detection limit of 1.37×10−8 M and sensitivity of 17.00 μA mM−1.
MWLP‐DP: Mobile war‐fighters location prediction for dark phase in Internet of Battlefield Things
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Kumar Shrawan , Lobiyal Daya Krishan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn a battlefield, a base station is always interested to track the real‐time location of moving war‐fighters and other armaments because of its strategic importance. The base station estimates their real‐time location by using the collected localization‐essentials information like hop‐counts matrix of the nodes. This information is collected at the base station in active phase through satellite communication among the base station and the sink nodes. In the harsh environment of the battlefield, if this satellite communication breaks accidentally or purposefully then the whole network is disconnected from the base station, and the network enters into the dark phase. In this dark phase, the base station wants to localize the mobile war‐fighters and other armaments also. It motivates us to propose a novel method MWLP‐DP: mobile war‐fighters location prediction for dark phase in Internet of Battlefield Things to localize the moving war‐fighters. It works in two stages: localization of sink nodes (LSN) and localization of blind nodes (LBN). In LSN, by using geometric Brownian motion (GBM), the mobility pattern of the sink nodes is analyzed. The stochastic nature of GBM needs repeated trials to ascertain the locations of the sink nodes. Further, computational efforts are reduced by finding the optimum counts of repeated trials of GBM using the central limit theorem for localizing the sink nodes. In LBN, the localization of remaining nodes (blind nodes) is inspired by the DV‐Hop using the location of sink nodes obtained in LSN stage. Further, the erroneous distance estimations between the node pairs are optimized through linear programming to reduce localization error. The simulation shows that the proposed MWLP‐DP localizes the sink nodes and blind nodes in the dark phase with 89% and 64% average accuracy, respectively.
Reconfigurable intelligent surface aided coordinated multipoint transmission for the simultaneous wireless information and power transfer non‐orthogonal multiple access network
Authors: Sparjan Romera Joan , Thirunavukkarasu Manimekalai , Thangavelu Laxmikandan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe consider a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) aided coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission to enhance the achievable rates of the cell edge users (CEUs) in a downlink non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) network enabled with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). The RIS‐enabled SWIPT‐CoMP‐NOMA network improves the spectral efficiency and counterbalances the rate trade‐off introduced by SWIPT. The distribution model of the effective channel gain plays a vital role in ergodic capacity and outage probability analysis. In this article, we approximate the effective channel gains of the CEUs using the inverse Gaussian (IG) function and validate its accuracy using the well‐known Kolmogorov–Smirnov distance (KSD) test. Using the proposed channel gain model, we derive closed‐form expressions for the ergodic rates and outage probabilities of the CEUs. Using Monte‐Carlo simulations, we confirm the accuracy of the derived analytical expressions and show that the proposed IG function is more accurate than the Gamma function in estimating the outage probability. We also found that the proposed system always offers a higher ergodic rate than the SWIPT‐CoMP‐NOMA system.
Functional roles of the SHCBP1 and KIF23 interaction in modulating the cell‐cycle and cisplatin resistance of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sun Yonghong , Pan Haixia , He Yanwei , Hu Chunmei , Gu Yi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to explore the functional roles of Shc SH2‐domain‐binding protein 1 (SHCBP1) and Kinesin Family Member 23 (KIF23) in HPV‐negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsBioinformatic analysis was conducted using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GSE103322. HNSCC cell lines were used for in vitro and in vivo analysis.ResultsSHCBP1 upregulation was associated with unfavorable survival. SHCBP1 knockdown reduced cell proliferation and increased the cisplatin sensitivity of SCC9/SCC25 cells. SHCBP1 interacted with KIF23 via its Nesd homology domain (NHD) domain, which was important for its nucleus localization. SHCBP1 positively modulated KIF23 expression and activated phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, nuclear factor kappa B (NF/κB)‐p65, and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. KIF23 knockdown abrogated cisplatin resistance induced by SHCBP1 overexpression.ConclusionSHCBP1 interacts with KIF23 and cooperatively regulates cell‐cycle progression and cisplatin resistance of HNSCC tumor cells.
Fabrication and characterization of osteogenic function of progenitor cell‐laden gelatin microcarriers
Authors: Nweke Chukwuma E. , Stegemann Jan P. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBiomaterial‐based bone regeneration strategies often include a cellular component to accelerate healing. Modular approaches have the potential for minimally‐invasive delivery and the ability to conformally fill complex defects. In this study, spherical gelatin microparticles were fabricated via water‐in‐oil emulsification and were subsequently crosslinked with genipin. Microparticle diameter depended on impeller geometry, and increased stirring rates consistently produced smaller particles with narrower size distributions. Increasing the concentration of gelatin resulted in larger particles with a broader size distribution. Viscoelastic characterization showed that increased gelatin concentration produced stiffer matrices, though the mechanical properties at lower gelatin concentration were more stable across strain rate. Microparticles of 6.0% wt/vol gelatin were then applied as microcarriers for packed‐bed culture of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) at seeding densities of 5.0 × 103, 2.5 × 104, or 5.0 × 104 cells/cm2 of surface area, in either control or osteogenic medium. Cell viability was uniformly high (>90%) across seeding densities over 22 days in culture. MSC number stayed approximately constant in the 5.0 × 103 and 2.5 × 104 cells/cm2 samples, while it dropped over time at 5.0 × 104 cells/cm2. Alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly upregulated in osteogenic conditions relative to controls at day 15, and absolute calcium deposition was strongly induced by days 15 and 22. However, calcium deposition per cell was highest in the lowest cell density, suggesting an inhibitory effect of high cell numbers. These results show that genipin‐crosslinked gelatin microcarriers can be reproducibly fabricated and used as microcarriers for progenitor cells, which may have utility in treating large and complex bone defects.
Dilemmas in the Management of Osteoporosis in Younger Adults
Authors: Herath Madhuni , Cohen Adi , Ebeling Peter R. , Milat Frances 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTOsteoporosis in premenopausal women and men younger than 50 years is challenging to diagnose and treat. There are many barriers to optimal management of osteoporosis in younger adults, further enhanced by a limited research focus on this cohort. Herein we describe dilemmas commonly encountered in diagnosis, investigation, and management of osteoporosis in younger adults. We also provide a suggested framework, based on the limited available evidence and supported by clinical experience, for the diagnosis, assessment, and management of osteoporosis in this cohort. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.