bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information Communication and Technology in the Industry
Authors: Anggadini S D , Ula M H , Darmawan H Y , Yulianti L 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This research aims at finding out the role of technology and information in the company. Generally, information and communication technology aims at providing a general understanding of information and communication technology equipment. This research aims to examine the importance of the application of information technology for a government to obtain the value chain of information technology, which is beneficial for all aspects of efforts to improve efficiency and effectiveness. The research method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method through the socialization of questionnaires and interviews to employees of the Bandung City Government to get more in-depth information. The results prove that information technology has a very important impact on employee performance because it will facilitate all activities to be faster, precise, and accurate, including in the Bandung government. It is because it has utilized modern information technology in managing government management. In conclusion, this research is important to improve the understanding that information technology is necessary and beneficial for the government and win the competition with the private sector. The government must have advantages, core competitiveness, strategies, and innovations, especially in information technology.
Designing Digital Certificate Issuance Information System
Authors: Albar D , Perdana B F F 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, some training and webinars are conducted frequently. Especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, online training and webinars became rational choices in the education sector. Evidence of participation from training and webinars is usually a digital certificate. Manual digital certificate creation will usually take a lot of time. It will be easier if the process is made systematically. This research aims to design a website-based application that can publish digital certificates that event participants can download. The method used in designing and making this website is descriptive. It is expected to present a complete picture of the subjective or objective of the related phenomena. The result of this research is a website-based application design to make it easier to issue digital certificates. Automation of the system can help simplify work and broad accessibility due to the website platform’s use. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that by using this application, making certificates utilizing the system is more efficient than the manual method and can reduce the amount of paper usage. With this application, it is hoped that it will make it easier for the event committee to process the issuance of digital certificates and make it easier for participants to get their certifications.
Retraction: An Approach to Develop a Sustainable Preference Index for Self Compacting Concrete (IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.
998 012058)
Authors: Vanga Renuka 
Published: June 2021

This article has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an investigation in which the paper was found to be very similar to a previously published paper [1]. This investigation was conducted according to COPE guidelines and it is agreed the paper should be retracted on the basis of redundant publication. The author does not agree with this retraction.
[1] A. Suchith Reddy, P. Rathish Kumar, P. Anand Raj, Development of Sustainable Performance Index (SPI) for Self-Compacting Concretes, Journal of Building Engineering, Volume 27, 2020, 100974, ISSN 2352-7102, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100974

Retraction published: 21 June 2021
Thermoelectric properties of Spark plasma sintered PbTe synthesized without any surfactant and organic solvent
Authors: Sharma Pradeep Kumar , Senguttuvan T D , Sharma V K , Gupta N K , Saravanan M , Chaudhary Sujeet 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We report a systematic investigation on structural and thermoelectric properties of Spark plasma sintered Lead telluride synthesized by hydrothermal route and a low temperature aqueous chemical route without using any organic solvent and surfactant. The as-synthesized powder samples obtained from these two different synthesis routes were identically subjected to spark plasma sintering. The size of nanocubes formed by the hydrothermal method, as evident from TEM-HRTEM images, is 50 nm; however, the samples synthesized by aqueous chemical route shows mixed morphology with particle size < 50 nm. The thermoelectric properties of spark plasma sintered bulk nanostructured samples have been measured from RT to 700K. Notably, large Seebeck coefficient and small electrical resistivity values are observed in the sample synthesized by the hydrothermal route, which is ascribed to the charge carrier energy filtering effect. A maximum reduction of ∼38% and ∼58% has been observed in the sample synthesized by the hydrothermal route and aqueous chemical route, respectively, compared to the bulk ingot. The maximum figure of merit attained is 0.18 at 673 K in the lead telluride sample synthesized by the hydrothermal route.
Green synthesis of AgNPs, characterization as an effective wound healing agent in the wound care after anorectal surgery
Authors: Yu Rongrong , Li Wei , Cao Jing , Du Yuluo , Ye Hongxing , Shan Wenhao , Chen Xiaokai , Huiping Wu , Cai Suli , Yang Shuxia , Yang Ning 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Thuja occidentalis is well-known for its ability to treat skin disorders. Although the plant extract of T. occidentalis has been shown to possess promising activity on skin infection, there is no report on T. occidentalis-based nanoparticles for wound-healing therapy. Therefore, the present study was conducted to synthesize nanoparticles from T. occidentalis in a simple, facile and green method and to assess the ability of formulated nanoparticles in wound care management. The characterization of fabricated AgNPs revealed the particle size range of 40–80 nm, The UV-vis absorption peak at 443 nm and a zeta potential value of −24 mV, confirmed the development of stabilized AgNPs. In vitro cytotoxicity analysis carried out on MCF-7 and Vero cells through MTT assay revealed the cytotoxic effect in cancer cells. LD50 greater than 3000 mg kg−1 unveiled the less-toxic nature of fabricated nanoparticles. Furthermore, the phytosynthesized AgNPs were assessed for the wound healing property based on the size of lesions calculated form patients endured surgery (those who surpassed anorectal surgery). The injury site was found to be completely healed on 17th day on the AgNPs treated cases. The findings suggest that T. occidentalis-based AgNPs could be a better wound dressing material for chronic wounds. On the other hand, the obtained nanoparticles were found to be safe, efficient, non-toxic and eco-friendlier. However, this study is limited to the molecular mechanisms.
Interactions among multiple selective pressures on the form–function relationship in insular stream fishes
Authors: Diamond Kelly M , Lagarde Raphaël , Griner J Gill , Ponton Dominique , Powder Kara E , Schoenfuss Heiko L , Walker Jeffrey A , Blob Richard W 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Relationships between body shape and escape performance are well established for many species. However, organisms can face multiple selection pressures that might impose competing demands. Many fishes use fast starts for escaping predator attacks, whereas some species of gobiid fishes have evolved the ability to climb waterfalls out of predator-dense habitats. The ancestral ‘powerburst’ climbing mechanism uses lateral body undulations to move up waterfalls, whereas a derived ‘inching’ mechanism uses rectilinear locomotion. We examined whether fast-start performance is impacted by selection imposed from the new functional demands of climbing. We predicted that non-climbing species would show morphology and fast-start performance that facilitate predator evasion, because these fish live consistently with predators and are not constrained by the demands of climbing. We also predicted that, by using lateral undulations, powerburst climbers would show escape performance superior to that of inchers. We compared fast starts and body shape across six goby species. As predicted, non-climbing fish exhibited distinct morphology and responded more frequently to an attack stimulus than climbing species. Contrary to our predictions, we found no differences in escape performance among climbing styles. These results indicate that selection for a competing pressure need not limit the ability of prey to escape predator attacks.
Comparative scale morphology in the adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from Lake Tanganyika
Authors: Viertler Alexandra , Salzburger Walter , Ronco Fabrizia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The morphology of fish scales has been investigated for &gt; 200 years, but research on evolutionary patterns of scale morphology is scarce. Here, we study scale morphology and its evolution in the adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes from Lake Tanganyika, which are known for their exceptional diversity in habitat use, feeding ecology and morphology. Based on a geometric morphometric approach on eight scales per specimen (covering different body regions), we quantify scale types and morphology across nearly all ~240 species of the cichlid adaptive radiation in Lake Tanganyika. We first show that scale type, shape and ctenii coverage vary along the body, which is probably attributable to adaptations to different functional demands on the respective scales. Our comparative analyses reveal that flank scale size is tightly linked to phylogeny, whereas scale shape and ctenii coverage can be explained only in part by phylogenetic history and/or our proxy for ecology (stable isotopes and body shape), suggesting an additional adaptive component. We also show that our measured scale characteristics can help to assign an individual scale to a taxonomic group or ecotype. Thus, our data may serve as a valuable resource for taxonomic studies and to interpret fossil finds.
Genomic Epidemiology and Transmission Dynamics of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Congregate Healthcare Facilities in Santa Clara County, California
Authors: MacCannell Tara , Batson Joshua , Bonin Brandon , Astha K C , Quenelle Rebecca , Strong Betsy , Lin Wen , Rudman Sarah L , Dynerman David , Ayscue Patrick , Han George , Kistler Amy , Villarino Margarita Elsa ,   Chan Zuckerberg Biohub COVIDTracker Consortium and the Santa Clara County Public Health Department’s Special Investgations Group, Khoshabian Rensen , Diep Melanie , Castillo Daniel , Afable Dante , Iqbal Syeda , Boghos Maro , Yeddulla Nagateja , Munoz Omar , Yamamoto Emiko , Medrano Doug , Ludman Carrie , Khomych Snizhana , Chan Annie , Pham Quynh-Nh , Medina Maite , Ponce Stephany , Hs Yilei , De Aguinaga Ann Morales , Phanthavone Evanthia , Ponce Stephany , Orona Julia , Bhatt Karan D , Chan Lienna , Castañeda Gloria R , Mann Sabrina , Vanaerschot Manu , Kumar G Renuka , Ratnasiri Kalani , Crawford Emily D , Neff Norma , Tan Michelle , Detweiler Angela , Sit Rene , Kamm Jack , Pisco Angela Oliveira , McGeever Aaron , Logan Phoenix , Hao Samantha , Webber James T , Li Lucy M , Zheng Tina , Mwakibete Lusajo , Phelps Maira , Ahyong Vida , Axelrod Shannon , Tung Tony , Sheu Jonathan , Zhang Mark , DeRisi Joe 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) cause significant morbidity and mortality. Mapping viral transmission within and between facilities by combining genomic sequencing with epidemiologic investigations enables targeting infection-control interventions.

Methods
We conducted weekly surveillance of residents and staff in LTCFs in Santa Clara County, California, with ≥1 confirmed COVID-19 case between March and July 2020. Positive samples were referred for whole-genome sequencing. Epidemiological investigations and phylogenetic analyses of the largest outbreaks (&gt;30 cases) were carried out in 6 LTCFs (Facilities A through F).

Results
Among the 61 LTCFs in the county, 41 had ≥1 confirmed case during the study period, triggering weekly SARS-CoV-2 testing. The 6 largest outbreaks accounted for 60% of cases and 90% of deaths in LTCFs, although the bed capacity of these facilities represents only 11% of the LTCF beds in the county. Phylogenetic analysis of 196 whole-genome sequences recovered from those facilities showed that each outbreak was monophyletic, with staff and residents sharing a common viral lineage. Outbreak investigations revealed that infected staff members often worked at multiple facilities, and in 1 instance, a staff member infected while working in 1 facility was the likely index case in another.

Conclusions
We detected a pattern of rapid and sustained transmission after a single introduction of SARS-CoV-2 in 6 large LTCF outbreaks, with staff playing a key role in transmission within and between facilities. Infection control, testing, and occupational policies to reduce exposure and transmission risk for staff are essential components to keeping facility residents safe.
The daily effect is more important than the diurnal effect when shaping photosynthetic picoeukaryotes (PPEs) communities in Lake Taihu at a small temporal scale
Authors: Lei Jin , Liu Changqing , Zhang Min , Yang Jinsheng , Wu Fan , Ren Mingdong , Wu Qinglong , Shi Xiaoli 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
As major primary producers in aquatic systems, the diversity and community composition dynamics of photosynthetic picoeukaryotes (PPEs) have been investigated in recent years. Here, we explored the 3-day diurnal succession of the PPE community in a highly eutrophic lake in early spring using a combination of flow cytometric sorting and high-throughput sequencing. Our results showed that the PPEs were the dominant group of autotrophic picophytoplankton, although they had relatively low diversity and were dominated by the Stephanodiscaceae family in early spring in Lake Taihu. Furthermore, PPE abundance was significantly higher at night than during the day, probably due to their high specific rate of carbon uptake during the day and rapid proliferation at night. Several environmental variables had a significant influence on the PPE community composition, and the daily effect was more important than the diurnal effect when shaping the PPE community in Lake Taihu at a temporal scale of 3 days. Furthermore, based on the variation partitioning analysis (VPA), the relative importance of abiotic factors (deterministic processes) to short-term succession was low, explaining only 20.44% of the PPE community variation. We therefore conclude that stochastic processes determined PPE community assembly over a short temporal scale based on a neutral community model (NCM).
Rethinking microbial infallibility in the metagenomics era
Authors: O'Malley Maureen A , Walsh David A 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTThe ‘principle of microbial infallibility’ was a mainstay of microbial physiology and environmental microbiology in earlier decades. This principle asserts that wherever there is an energetic gain to be made from environmental resources, microorganisms will find a way to take advantage of the situation. Although previously disputed, this claim was revived with the discovery of anammox bacteria and other major contributors to biogeochemistry. Here, we discuss the historical background to microbial infallibility, and focus on its contemporary relevance to metagenomics. Our analysis distinguishes exploration-driven metagenomics from hypothesis-driven metagenomics. In particular, we show how hypothesis-driven metagenomics can use background assumptions of microbial infallibility to enable the formulation of hypotheses to be tested by enrichment cultures. Discoveries of comammox and the anaerobic oxidation of methane are major instances of such strategies, and we supplement them with outlines of additional examples. This overview highlights one way in which metagenomics is making the transition from an exploratory data-analysis programme of research to a hypothesis-testing one. We conclude with a discussion of how microbial infallibility is a heuristic with far-reaching implications for the investigation of life.
The Immunopathobiology of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Patel Milankumar , Shahjin Farah , Cohen Jacob D , Hasan Mahmudul , Machhi Jatin , Chugh Heerak , Singh Snigdha , Das Srijanee , Kulkarni Tanmay A , Herskovitz Jonathan , Meigs Douglas D , Chandra Ramesh , Hettie Kenneth S , Mosley R Lee , Kevadiya Bhavesh D , Gendelman Howard E 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Virus-specific immunity controls infection, transmission and disease severity. With respect to disease severity, a spectrum of clinical outcomes occur associated with age, genetics, comorbidities and immune responses in an infected person. Dysfunctions in innate and adaptive immunity commonly follow viral infection. These are heralded by altered innate mononuclear phagocyte differentiation, activation, intracellular killing and adaptive memory, effector, and regulatory T cell responses. All of such affect viral clearance and the progression of end-organ disease. Failures to produce effective controlled antiviral immunity leads to life-threatening end-organ disease that is typified by the acute respiratory distress syndrome. The most effective means to contain SARS-CoV-2 infection is by vaccination. While an arsenal of immunomodulators were developed for control of viral infection and subsequent COVID-19 disease, further research is required to enable therapeutic implementation.
How wind acclimation impacts Pinus pinaster growth in comparison to resource availability
Authors: Dèfossez Pauline , Rajaonalison Fanjamalala , Bosc Alexandre 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Key message Anthropic and natural disturbances in Pine pinaster forests may induce changes in tree wind exposure and resource availability. The wind acclimation has consequences on P. pinaster growth comparable to resource acquisition after sudden changes in micro-environmental conditions. Context More disturbances occur within the forest, resulting in the creation of inter-tree space. This increases resource availability for the remaining trees but also their wind exposure. Trees have the ability to acclimate to these changes in their micro-environmental conditions by modifying their development. Increase in both resource availability and wind-induced deformations (strains) are known to promote tree radial growth but their relative importance has not been previously analysed in field conditions. Aims This paper aims to study the Pinus pinaster growth in response to a sudden change in wind loading in comparison to a rapid increase in resource availability. Methods An experiment was established in a 16-year-old P. pinaster to create different conditions of wind loading and resources by guying trees with wires and removing their neighbours. The increase in trunk volume below 4 m was monitored for 3 years by measuring the stem radial growth at three stem heights. Results Acclimation to wind has important consequences for stem growth, comparable to that of the effect of greater resource availability after an increase in inter-tree spacing. The increase in trunk volume below 4 m induced by wind and by having more resources were quantitatively close and were equivalent after 3 years of treatment, to the trunk volume increase during the year before experiment. The observed wind acclimation was interpreted in terms of tree mechanical reinforcement by calculating the gain in the stem flexural rigidity: mechanical strength gains of 13.8 and 20.3% of swaying trees were observed in comparison to guyed trees for both high and low resource levels, respectively. Our analysis suggests that the relative effects of wind loading or higher resource are not modified over time by seasonable growth modulation. Both the effects of the wind acclimation and the higher resource were found to be independent and are likely to be cumulative. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of considering wind acclimation in the regulation of growth in forests after a sudden change in environmental conditions.
Comparing one-step full-spectrum inversion with two-step splitting function inversion in normal mode tomography
Authors: Jagt Lisanne , Deuss Arwen 
Published: June 2021

SUMMARY
Earth’s normal modes, or whole Earth oscillations, provide important constraints on Earth’s large-scale 3-D structure. In addition to constraining shear and compressional wave velocities, they are the only seismic data sensitive to density perturbations. Density is particularly difficult to determine, and previous studies have found contradicting results, hence the method chosen to invert normal mode data for 3-D structure becomes important. In the problem of inverting the measured frequency spectra for an earth model, we can take two approaches: (i) a one-step full-spectrum inversion, where normal mode spectra are directly inverted for a mantle model and (ii) a two-step splitting function inversion, where first the spectra are inverted for splitting functions, which are then inverted for a mantle model. Here we compare the methodology and results of both approaches, continuing the work done by Li et al. and Durek & Romanowicz, and extending it to higher spherical harmonic degrees. Using exactly the same normal mode data set, we use both inversion approaches to make 3-D shear wave velocity mantle models. Both approaches give models consistent with previous tomographic studies, although spectral misfits are consistently lower for the one-step full-spectrum inversion. We also show that we cannot draw any conclusions on odd-degree structure in the lower mantle with the currently available normal mode data sets.
Digital storytelling within the Australian mining industry: worker engagement and health literacy indicator effects
Authors: Shannon Hugh A , Parker Anthony W 
Published: June 2021

SummaryThe mining industry is a demanding context for workplace health education due to a range of factors including productivity targets, workforce diversity and work roster schedules. This project investigated the impact of digital story health communication on worker engagement and its effect on interactive and critical health literacy indicators. The study comprised a quasi-experimental parallel time series research design, with control and intervention groups at each of the mine sites (n = 2). Workers in the intervention group (n = 85) received a ‘toolbox talk’ presentation incorporating a digital story featuring a mining industry worker and a leading cardiovascular health expert. The control group (n = 90) received equivalent health information communicated in a non-narrative manner, reflective of typical practices within the mining industry. A significantly greater effect was evident for worker engagement within the intervention group, with substantial maintenance over the follow-up period, compared with no significant effect at follow-up within the control group. Significant effects on interactive health literacy indicators (n = 3) were evident for the intervention group with corresponding lower level or nil effects within the control group. The findings highlight the benefits of evidence-based digital stories as an efficient and efficacious worker-centred health communication strategy for complex industrial workplace environments.