bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal Settings for Amplification and Estimation Of Small Effects In Postselected Ensembles
Authors: Rostom Aiham M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo describe the pre‐ and postselected quantum ensembles, a complex quantity called the weak value of an operator is used. The weak value is highly controversial due to the fact that it is not bounded by the possible eigenvalues of the corresponding operator. Nevertheless, the obtaining of the anomalous weak value is regarded as a powerful technique in the quantum interferometry nowadays. Here it is shown that the postselection of a quantum system recovers a completely hidden interference effect in the measurement apparatus. Studying the interference pattern shows the optimal settings for the amplification and the parameter estimation. It also proves that the weak value is not an element of reality. Using single photons, it is investigated how a postselected photon can impart a π phase shift (the peak of the amplification) to a photon interacting weakly with it in a nonlinear optical medium. The increasing of the degree of the entanglement lies behind the effectiveness of the postselection in the parameter estimation. In particular, arranging to postselect on pure entangled states can optimize the signal‐to‐noise ratio, allowing to achieve high‐sensitive measurements using low input power.
Vernetzte Polypeptide durch RAFT‐vermittelte Polymerisation zum kontinuierlichen Aufbau von Polymerfilmen
Authors: Chan Nicholas J. , Lentz Sarah , Gurr Paul A. , Tan Shereen , Scheibel Thomas , Qiao Greg G. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPolypeptidbeschichtungen spielen aufgrund ihres großen biologischen Potentials eine wichtige Rolle in der Oberflächenmodifizierung von Materialien. Da ihre Eigenschaften durch ihren strukturellen Aufbau mitbestimmt werden, ist eine Kontrolle der Struktur durch entsprechende Herstellungsstrategien notwendig. In diesem Artikel berichten wir über eine einfache Methode zur präzisen Herstellung von dicht vernetzten Polypeptidfilmen mit ungewöhnlich hoher β‐Faltblatt – und Zufallsknäuel Konformation durch eine kontinuierliche Assemblierungspolymerisation (CAP, continuous assembly polymerization) mittels reversibler Addtitions‐Fragmentierungs‐Kettenübertragungspolymerisation (RAFT Polymerisation, reversible‐addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer polymerization), kurz CAP‐RAFT. CAP‐RAFT wurde bereits grundlegend mit methacryliertem Poly‐l‐Lysin (PLLMA) und methacrylierter Poly‐l‐Glutaminsäure (PLGMA) untersucht. Eine sorgfältige Anpassung der Methode führte hier zu Filmen mit einer Schichtdicke von bis zu 36.1±1.1 nm, die durch mehrfache Anwendung dieser Strategie auf 94.9±8.2 nm erhöht werden konnte. PLLMA‐ und PLGMA‐Filme wiesen überraschenderweise bis zu 30–50 % Zufallsknäuel Konformation auf. Durch den enzymatischen Abbau mit einem Protease‐Mix, der Proteasen im Wundheilungsmileu repräsentiert, konnte das Potential diesen Strukturen für Anwendungen im Wirkstofftransport und in der Gewebezüchtung gezeigt werden.
Coordinated Anionic Inorganic Module—An Efficient Approach Towards Highly Efficient Blue‐Emitting Copper Halide Ionic Hybrid Structures
Authors: Li Haibo , Lv Yi , Zhou Zhennan , Tong Hua , Liu Wei , Ouyang Gangfeng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCopper halide based organic–inorganic hybrid semiconductors exhibit great potential as light‐emitting materials with excellent structural variety and optical tunability. Among them, copper halide hybrid molecular compounds with discrete inorganic modules are particularly interesting due to their high quantum efficiency. However, synthesizing highly efficient blue‐emitting molecular clusters remains challenging. Here, we report a novel and facile strategy for the design and synthesis of highly luminescent copper halide hybrid structures by fabricating coordinated anionic inorganic modules in these ionic species. By using this approach, a family of strongly blue‐emitting copper halide hybrid ionic structures has been prepared with high internal quantum yields up to 98 %. Strong luminescence from the combination of ionic and covalent bonds in these compounds make them ideal candidates as alternative, rare‐earth‐element free light‐emitting materials for possible use in optoelectronic devices.
Crosslinked Polypeptide Films via RAFT‐Mediated Continuous Assembly of Polymers
Authors: Chan Nicholas J. , Lentz Sarah , Gurr Paul A. , Tan Shereen , Scheibel Thomas , Qiao Greg G. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPolypeptide coatings are a cornerstone in the field of surface modification due to their widespread biological potential. As their properties are dictated by their structural features, subsequent control thereof using unique fabrication strategies is important. Herein, we report a facile method of precisely creating densely crosslinked polypeptide films with unusually high random coil content through continuous assembly polymerization via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (CAP‐RAFT). CAP‐RAFT was fundamentally investigated using methacrylated poly‐l‐lysine (PLLMA) and methacrylated poly‐l‐glutamic acid (PLGMA). Careful technique refinement resulted in films up to 36.1±1.1 nm thick which could be increased to 94.9±8.2 nm after using this strategy multiple times. PLLMA and PLGMA films were found to have 30–50 % random coil conformations. Degradation by enzymes present during wound healing reveals potential for applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering.
Ring size enlargement in an ortho‐cycloalkyl‐substituted bis(imino)pyridine‐cobalt ethylene polymerization catalyst and its impact on performance and polymer properties
Authors: Han Mingyang , Oleynik Ivan I. , Liu Ming , Ma Yanping , Oleynik Irina V. , Solan Gregory A. , Liang Tongling , Sun Wen‐Hua 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFour unsymmetrical examples of bis(arylimino)pyridines that each possess an ortho‐cycloalkyl substituent of unique ring size, 2‐{CMeN(2,4,6‐Me3C6H2)}‐6‐{CMeN(2,4‐(CHPh2)2‐6‐RC6H2)}C5H3N (R = cyclopentyl L1, cyclohexyl L2, cyclooctyl L3, cyclododecyl L4), have been prepared and employed as reactants in the formation of the corresponding cobaltous chloride complexes, (N,N,N′)CoCl2 (Co1–Co4). Structural characterization of Co2 and Co3 spotlights the five‐coordinate geometry and the steric disparity imposed on the metal center by the inequivalent N‐mesityl and N‐2,4‐dibenzyhydryl‐6‐cycloalkylphenyl groups. Co1–Co4 all proved productive precatalysts for ethylene polymerization achieving optimal performance at a temperature of 60°C on activation with either MAO or MMAO. Cyclopentyl‐containing Co1 displayed the highest level (up to 10.3 × 106 g PE per mol [Co] per h), whereas its cyclododecyl counterpart Co4 the lowest (down to 0.14 × 106 g PE per mol [Co] per h). Strictly linear polyethylenes were produced with molecular weights spanning the range 22.0–36.0 kg per mol for Co1–Co4/MAO and 22.6–33.6 kg per mol for Co1–Co4/MMAO, with cyclohexyl Co2 producing the highest values with either activator. With the exception of the polymer produced using Co4, all catalysts afforded narrow unimodal distributions (Mw/Mn range: 1.7–2.2) for the polyethylenes in line with single site active species. By contrast, Co4 bearing the largest and conformationally flexible cycloalkyl group formed polyethylenes that were distinctly bimodal, which would imply the presence of two active species. End‐group analysis of lower molecular weight polymer samples identified vinyl groups congruent with a termination step involving β‐H elimination.
Various coordination modes of new coumarin Schiff bases toward Cobalt (III) ion: Synthesis, spectral characterization, in vitro cytotoxic activity, and investigation of apoptosis
Authors: Giriraj Kalaiarasi , Mohamed Kasim Mohamed Subarkhan , Balasubramaniam Keerthana , Thangavel Sathiya Kamatchi , Venkatesan Janani , Suresh Sharmila , Shanmugam Pritha , Karri Chiranjeevi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFour Co (III) complexes containing substituted acetyl coumarin Schiff bases have been synthesized and structurally characterized using IR, UV–visible, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectroscopic techniques, which suggested that the complexes Co1 and Co3 have a similar type of coordination behavior with the binding of the ligands through ring carbonyl oxygen, azomethine nitrogen and enolate oxygen atoms. In complexes Co2 and Co4, the coordination was through ring carbonyl oxygen, azomethine nitrogen, and thiolate sulfur atoms and the complexes are of ML2 type. The anticancer potential of the synthesized complexes has been analyzed against cancerous cells such as human breast cancer cells (MCF‐7), human lung cancer cells (A549), and non‐cancerous Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC). The activity of the complexes exceeded that of the ligands and the standard drug cisplatin, and the order of activity observed was Co4 > Co3 > Co2 > Co1 > cisplatin > ligands. The IC50 values of the complexes were less than 5 μM in both the cancer cells and greater than 200 μM for non‐cancerous cells indicating the specificity of the complexes toward cancer cells. The morphological changes of the MCF‐7 and A549 cells with the complexes Co1‐Co4 have been studied by AO‐EB (Acridine Orange‐Ethidium Bromide) and Hoechst 33258 staining methods, and these results revealed that the complexes induce cell death only through apoptosis. Further the mode of cell death induced by the complexes has been confirmed by flow cytometric analysis. Complex Co4 showed better activity due to the electron‐donating hydroxyl group present in the seventh position of the coumarin ring. These results highlight the strong possibility of developing highly active cobalt coumarin complexes as anticancer agents.
Recent progress of biomass based self‐healing polymers
Authors: Bei Yu , Ma Yufeng , Song Fei , Kou Zhimin , Hu Lihong , Bo Caiying , Jia Puyou , Zhou Yonghong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSelf‐healing polymer materials have been developed rapidly over the past 20 years, which can replace thermosetting materials to a certain extent, repair damage without manual intervention, prolong service life, and compress usage cost. The self‐healing polymer materials derived from biomass resources can reduce the dependence on traditional non‐renewable resources such as petroleum. The structures and properties of biomass based self‐healing polymer materials are of great significance for their processing, recycling and self‐healing. In this paper, the research progress of bio‐based self‐healing polymer materials based on dynamic non‐covalent bonds and dynamic covalent bonds including hydroxyl ester, Schiff base, disulfide bond, and hydroxyl urethane derived from vegetable oil, lignin, cellulose, vanillin and natural rubber were reviewed, and the dynamic non‐covalent bonds and dynamic covalent bonds were also introduced. The applications of various dynamic covalent bonds and dynamic non‐covalent bonds in the design and construction of polymer materials were reviewed, and the future development of dynamic covalent polymer materials was prospected.
Data‐driven methodology to realize strong and broadband microwave absorption properties of polymer‐fly ash cenosphere composite
Authors: Bora Pritom J. , Mahanta Bibhusita , Kishore  , Ramamurthy Praveen C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA very efficient microwave absorption characteristic of conducting polymer (polyaniline or PANI) incorporated fly ash cenosphere (FAC), which is a waste of thermal power plant, is revealed in this work with materials data‐driven approach. The different loading (wt%) of PANI‐FAC hybrids to a polymer such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB) results in different reflection loss (RL). However, RL performances do not improve by simply increasing the PANI‐FAC hybrid loading (wt%) to PVB. Herein, PANI‐FAC loading to PVB is optimized through the electromagnetic data‐driven methodology. A remarkable RL ≤ − 40 dB with entire X‐band (8.2–12.4 GHz) absorption bandwidth (RL ≤ −10 dB, RL value −10 dB corresponds to 90% absorption) is predicted for 8.5 wt% PANI‐FAC hybrid loaded PVB‐PANI‐FAC composite. The predicted RL matched with experimental data (minimum RL value −44.5 dB with X‐band absorption bandwidth), confirming the proposed proof of concept of data‐driven methodology to obtain broadband and robust microwave absorption characteristics of polymer‐FAC composites.
Investigation of self‐cleaning and bouncing properties of superhydrophobic aluminum nitride/silicone rubber
Authors: Zhou Wei , Ma Yongwei , He Qiang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn order to investigate the effect of aluminum nitride (AlN) on the self‐cleaning and bouncing properties of room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber, a superhydrophobic AlN/RTV composite with micro‐nano structure was prepared by powder scattering technology. The method combines the characteristics of RTV curing at room temperature, and has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and easy realization. Bouncing experiments, with different droplet sizes, different tilting angles and different temperatures, and self‐cleaning experiments were designed. The micro‐morphology of superhydrophobic surface was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, and interferometric 3D profilometer. The results show that the static contact angle and the rolling angle of AlN/RTV are 157.7 ± 0. 9° and 4.2 ± 0.7°, respectively. Many micro‐roughness structures were formed on the RTV surface by AlN, which reduced the contact area between droplets and the sample surface, so the samples had outstanding self‐cleaning and bouncing properties.
Effects of heat stress on virus transmission and virus‐mediated apoptosis in whitefly Bemisia tabaci
Authors: Wang Xin‐Ru , Shao Yue , Wang Chao , Liu Yin‐Quan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a plant DNA virus of the genus Begomovirus, is transmitted by whiteflies of the Bemisia tabaci species complex in a persistent manner. Our previous study indicated that activation of the apoptosis pathway in whiteflies could facilitate TYLCV accumulation and transmission. Considering that temperature change can influence the spread of insect‐borne plant viruses, we focused on plant virus induced‐apoptosis to investigate the underlying mechanism of temperature regulation on plant virus transmission via an insect vector. We found that heat stress (40°C) on whiteflies could facilitate TYLCV accumulation and increase transmission to tomato plants. Despite upregulation of caspase‐1 and caspase‐3 gene expression, heat stress failed to induce an increase in the activation of cleaved caspase‐3 and DNA fragmentation in TYLCV‐infected whiteflies. However, our data failed to determine the role of heat stress in apoptosis modulation of insect–plant virus interplay while still providing clues to understand insect vectors and their transmitted plant viruses.
Perceptions, satisfactions, and performance of undergraduate students during Covid‐19 emergency remote teaching
Authors: Wilhelm Jessica , Mattingly Spencer , Gonzalez Victor H. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDue to the Covid‐19 pandemic, the education system worldwide faced sudden and unforeseen challenges. Many academic institutions closed their doors, forcing both educators and students to transition to Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) for the remainder of the semester. This transition eliminated hands‐on experiences, increased workload, and altered curricula. However, these aspects, as well as students' perceptions, study habits, and performance in response to ERT remain poorly documented. This contribution describes changes in the curriculum of an undergraduate cadaver‐based laboratory, and explores students' performance, self‐perceived learning, and overall satisfaction during this educational crisis. Online content delivery for this course included both asynchronous instruction and synchronous discussion sessions. While formative assessments remained the same, online spotter examinations included short answer, multiple choice, multiple answer, ordering, and true and false questions. Despite examination grades improving 20% during ERT, students reported lower levels of learning, confidence, and engagement with the course materials when compared to the face‐to‐face portion of the class. The most prevalent challenges identified by students were those related to the loss of access to cadaver‐based learning, including difficulty identifying and visualizing structures in three dimensions, and the loss of context and sensorial cues. Flexibility in taking examinations and learning the material at their own pace were recognized as positive outcomes of the ERT transition. While the resulting student perceptions and performances are unsurprising, they offer insight into the challenges of fostering a productive learning environment in a future threatened by epidemic outbreak and economic uncertainty.
The autonomy‐validity dilemma in mechanical prediction procedures: The quest for a compromise
Authors: Neumann Marvin , Niessen A. Susan M. , Tendeiro Jorge N. , Meijer Rob R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA robust finding in psychological research is that combining information with a mechanical rule results in more valid predictions than combining information holistically in the mind. Nevertheless, information is typically combined holistically in practice, resulting in suboptimal predictions and decisions. Earlier research showed that decision makers are more likely to use mechanical prediction procedures when they retain autonomy in the decision‐making process. However, it remains largely unknown how different autonomy‐enhancing features affect predictive validity. Therefore, in two preregistered studies (total N = 342), we investigated if and how prediction procedures can be designed such that they satisfy decision makers' autonomy needs and acceptance without reducing predictive validity. Based on archival application data from a university admission procedure, participants predicted applicants' first‐year grade point average and chance of dropout. The results of Bayesian analyses showed that participants preferred prediction procedures in which they retained autonomy by choosing consistent predictor weights of a mechanical rule or by holistically adjusting the predictions of an optimal regression model. In general, these prediction procedures resulted in slightly higher predictive validity compared with fully holistic prediction. Providing participants with predictor validity information slightly increased predictive validity when participants could choose predictor weights but not when making holistic predictions or adjusting optimal model predictions. Giving decision makers a role in designing mechanical rules through choosing weights based on explicit predictive validity information could help promote the implementation and validity of mechanical prediction in practice.
Concomitant genetic defects potentiate the adverse impact of prenatal alcohol exposure on cardiac outflow tract maturation
Authors: Harvey Drayton C. , De Zoysa Prashan , Toubat Omar , Choi Jongkyu , Kishore Jahnavi , Tsukamoto Hidekazu , Kumar S. Ram 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with an increased incidence of congenital heart defects (CHD), in particular outflow tract (OFT) defects. However, the variability in the incidence of CHD following PAE has not been fully explored. We hypothesize that a concomitant, relevant genetic defect would potentiate the adverse effect of PAE and partially explain the variability of PAE‐induced CHD incidence.MethodsThe OFT is formed by the second heart field (SHF). Our PAE model consisted of two intraperitoneal injections (3 g/kg, separated by 6 hr) of 30% ethanol on E6.5 during SHF specification. The impact of genetic defects was studied by SHF‐specific loss of Delta‐like ligand 4 (Dll4), fibroblast growth factor 8 (Fgf8) and Islet1.ResultsAcute PAE alone significantly increased CHD incidence (4% vs. 26%, p = .015) with a particular increase in OFT alignment defects, viz., double outlet right ventricle (0 vs. 9%, p = .02). In embryos with a SHF genetic defect, acute PAE significantly increased CHD incidence (14 vs. 63%, p < .001), including double outlet right ventricle (6 vs. 50%, p < .001) compared to controls. PAE (p = .01) and heterozygous loss of Dll4 (p = .04) were found to independently contribute to CHD incidence, while neither Islet1 nor Fgf8 defects were found to be significant.ConclusionsOur model recapitulates the increased incidence of OFT alignment defects seen in the clinic due to PAE. The presence of a concomitant SHF genetic mutation increases the incidence of PAE‐related OFT defects. An apparent synergistic interaction between PAE and the loss of DLL4‐mediated Notch signaling in OFT alignment requires further analysis.
Magnetic frequency mixing technological advances for the practical improvement of point‐of‐care testing
Authors: Li Tangan , Wang Kan , Zheng Chujun , Zheng Wei , Cheng Yuemeng , Ning Qihong , Xu Hao , Cui Daxiang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNanomaterials, especially superparamagnetic nanomaterials, have recently played essential roles in point‐of‐care testing due to their intrinsic magnetic, electrochemical, and optical properties. The inherent superparamagnetism of magnetic nanoparticles makes them highly sensitive for quantitative detection. Among the various magnetic detection technologies, frequency mixing technology (FMT) technology is an emerging detection technique in the nanomedical field. FMT sensors have high potential for development in the field of biomedical quantitative detection due to their simple structure, and they are not limited to the materials used. In particular, they can be applied for large‐scale disease screening, early tumor marker detection, and low‐dose drug detection. This review summarizes the principles of FMT and recent advances in the fields of immunoadsorption, lateral flow assay detection, magnetic imaging, and magnetic nanoparticles recognition. The advantages and limitations of FMT sensors for robust, ultrasensitive biosensing are highlighted. Finally, the future requirements and challenges in the development of this technology are described. This review provides further insights for researchers to inspire the future development of FMT by integration into biosensing and devices with a broad field of applications in analytical sensing and clinical usage.