bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First-principles calculations of electronic and optical properties in the bulk and on the (001) surface of CsPbCl3
Authors: Soni K , Jain V , Lakshmi N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We perform density functional theory using first-principles calculations in order to investigate the band structure, density of states, the real and imaginary part of dielectric function, refractive index and optical absorption of CsPbCl3 in the bulk and (001) surface structure. Energy bands exhibits wide and direct bandgap. When CsPbCl3 is extended to (001) surface a decrease of band gap is observed with increasing thickness. The optical constants observed exhibits optimal properties in the ultraviolet and visible range indicating its usefulness in photonic, optoelectronic, photovoltaic and optomagnetic devices.
The existence of eigenvalues of Schrödinger operator on a lattice in the gap of the essential spectrum
Authors: Abdullaev J.I. , Khalkhuzhaev A.M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We consider a three-particle discrete Schrödinger operator Hμγ
(K), K 2 T3 associated to a system of three particles (two fermions and one different particle) interacting through zero range pairwise potential μ > 0 on the three-dimensional lattice Z
3. It is proved that the operator Hμγ
(K), ||K|| < δ, for γ > γ0 has at least two eigenvalues in the gap of the essential spectrum for sufficiently large μ > 0.
Recent Advances in Tin-based Hybrid Organic-Inorganic PSCs: Additives for Improved Stability and Performance
Authors: Monga K , Rani R , Chaudhary S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) materials are progressing as potential candidates for the future generation of photovoltaics. Despite the most efficient photovoltaic performance, lead-based perovskite materials are not considered for commercialization due to the high toxicity of lead. One of the promising alternatives is tin (Sn)-based perovskites, which exhibits equivalent ionic size as lead and outstanding absorption properties. However, Sn-based perovskite materials have stability and low-performance issues because of the easy oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+and fast crystallization. This paper gives a focused overview of the notable recent studies to address the stability and low-performance challenges of Sn-based hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite (Sn-HOIP) materials for solar cells by using functional additives. To date, the addition of SnF2 additive in the methylammonium tin iodide-based PSCs has shown the highest efficiency of 7.78% and maintains 70% of original efficiency over 200-hours. In the case of formamidinium tin iodide-based PSCs, the addition of phenylhydrazine hydrochloride significantly increases the power conversion efficiency to 11.40% from 5.60% for a pristine device. However, further improvement in the stability and efficiency of Sn-based PSCs requires a molecular-level understanding of the role of existing and new candidates of additives tailored for evolving Sn-HOIP materials.
Zα
Open and Closed Mappings in Double Fuzzy Topological Spaces
Authors: Jayapandian K , Vadivel A , Uma Maheswari O , Sathiyaraj J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We introduce and investigate some new class of mappings called double fuzzy Zα-open map and double fuzzy Zα-closed map in double fuzzy topological spaces. Also, some of their fundamental properties are studied. Moreover, we investigate the relationships between double fuzzy Z
α-open and other existing mappings.
AMS (2000) subject classification: 54A40.
Continuous Maps Via ι-fuzzy θ*-semiopen Sets in Ŝtostak’s Fuzzy Topological Spaces
Authors: Mughil A. , Vadivel A. , Uma Maheswari O. , Saravanakumar G. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We introduce fuzzy θ*-semicontinuous mappings and relate with fuzzy continuity, fuzzy θ-continuity, fuzzy a-continuity, fuzzy semicontinuity, fuzzy θ-semicontinuity, fuzzy Y-continuity, fuzzy Z-continuity and fuzzy γ-continuity in Ŝostak sense.
Soft e-Separation Axioms in Neutrosophic soft Topological Spaces
Authors: Revathi P. , Chitirakala K. , Vadivel A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the idea of neutrosophic soft e-neighbourhood and neutrosophic soft e-separation axioms in neutrosophic soft topological spaces are introduces. Later, we discussed about the concept of neutrosophic soft e-separation axioms of neutrosophic soft topological spaces is diffused in different results with respect to neutrosophic soft points. Furthermore, we discuss the properties of neutrosophic soft e-Ti-spaces (i = 0,1, 2, 3,4) and the relations between them.
Design of Magnetic Circuit for Stationary Plasma Thruster
Authors: Lateef Syed Abdul , Sriram A.T. , Murali Krishnan M. , Sivathanu Pillai A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
SPT-100 electrostatic thruster is considered, and the effects of magnetic circuit is studied by introducing magnetic screen. The magnetic flux density in the discharge channel is generated with the help of one inner coil and four outer coils. The radial magnetic field has to be maximum near the exit plane of the thruster to trap the electrons in acceleration region which are emitted from an external hollow cathode. These electrons help in increasing the ionization rate of the propellant gas. This is obtained by placing magnetic poles near exit plane. It helps to traps the electrons emitted from the external hollow cathode. The magnetic circuit should be designed such that the magnetic flux density is near to zero at the anode plane to reduce interaction of electrons with channel walls. To arrive at such better design, magnetic screens are used. Computational simulations are performed to quantify the magnetic flux density distribution along the channel using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The simulation results show that the obtained radial magnetic flux density is maximum near the exit plane, and the magnetic screens help in reducing the magnetic field at the anode region while maintaining the maximum magnetic field at the exit plane.
Characterization of potential probiotics isolated from fermented under-utilized Chrysophyllum albidum Linn kernels using microbiological, biochemical and molecular techniques
Authors: Odutayo O E , Adegboye B E , Omonigbehin E A , Ogunlana O O , Afolabi I S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Chrysophyllum albidum is a crop of commercial value in Nigeria, however, the seeds are either used for local games or thrown away. This study aimed at exploring this under-utilized kernel as a novel source for obtaining health beneficial bacteria with desired probiotic characteristics. Isolation of potential probiotic bacteria from naturally fermented C. albidum seeds was carried out and followed by their safety evaluation, Gram staining, catalase test, acid tolerance, bile tolerance, cellular hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation assays. 16S rRNA sequencing and the detection of bile salt hydrolase (bsh) gene were the molecular methods applied for the bacteria characterization. Three potential probiotic bacteria were isolated from the fermented seeds. All isolates were non-haemolytic, Gram positive cocci, and catalase negative, grew in 1% bile, acidic pH of 3.5, and showed good auto-aggregation property. 16Sr RNA sequencing revealed isolates to be strains of Enterococcus durans, and the bsh gene was detected in all the strains. In conclusion, novel naturally fermented foods as seen in the fermented C. albidum kernels can serve as sources for the isolation of probiotic bacteria with great interest, and thus serve as starter culture to improve the organoleptic property of dairy and non-dairy foods.
Electric Field Dependent Textural Variation inside the Liquid Crystal Droplets with Homeotropic Alignment
Authors: Sharma Vandna , Kumar Pankaj 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The alignment of liquid crystal inside the droplets highly influences the electro-optical behaviour of polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs). In PDLCs with initial transparent state, LC droplets exhibit homeotropic boundary conditions with darker zone at the centre with ring shaped boundary. In the present work, the textures were observed under parallel and crossed polarizers. The captured information revealed that there are no changes in the central zone of the droplets due to the perfect homeotropic alignment of liquid crystals inside the droplet. The count of the droplets with different ranges was measured using ImageJ software. Further, the effect of electric field on textural variation inside the droplets, measuring the ratio of the size of darker zone to the size of droplet (a/d) was analysed by applying image processing. The response curve was obtained for different range of sizes of droplets from the plot of a/d ratio vs applied voltage and found supportive to the measure of the textural variation inside the LC droplets. Therefore, the a/d ratio can be the valuable parameter for optimizing the parameters such as droplet size, area of darker zone and required voltage for energy efficient PDLC devices.
Highly Sensitive Organic Phototransistors Fabricated from PCPDTBT:PCBM Blend
Authors: Yadav Nidhi , Kumari Nikita , Ando Yoshito , Pandey Shyam S , Singh Vipul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Organic phototransistors (OPTs) play a crucial role in various light sensing and imaging applications. In this work, we have fabricated highly sensitive Poly[2,6-(4,4-bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b’]dithiophene)-alt-4,7(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)] (PCPDTBT)/[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blended thin film based OPTs using ribbon-floating film transfer method. A high charge carrier mobility (μ) of 0.002 cm2V−1s−1 and an Ion/Ioff of 6 × 104 was showcased by the blended polymer thin film based OPT as compared to its pristine polymer thin film based counterpart which had a μ of 0.001 cm2V−
1s−1 and an Ion/Ioff of 9 × 103. Further, the blended polymer thin film based OPT demonstrated a high photosensitivity of 6.6 × 103 and a photoresponsivity of 0.13 A/W towards white light which were much superior than those of many of the previously reported polymer thin film based OPTs. The results hold crucial significance towards the development of cost effective blended polymer thin film based OPTs.
Optical klystron undulator radiation with electromagnetic wave undulator
Authors: Huse V B , Thakare N B , Prakash B 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the present study we proposed optical klystron in an electromagnet wave undulator. We consider the circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are travelling collinearly in opposite direction formed a beat wave. Spectral properties of the beat wave optical klystron are analysed and investigated using Lienard-Wiechert potential. We observed spikes as well as sidebands on the either side of the fundamental frequency.
MBJ-neutrosophic Ideals of KU-algebras
Authors: Manivasan S. , Kalidass P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the notion of MBJ-neutrosophic ideal for KU-algebra is introduced and its properties are investigated. Also, a condition for an MBJ-neutrosophic subalgebra to be an MBJ-neutrosophic ideal and converse part of a KU-algebra are discussed.
Cosmic inflation in some viable modified models of f(R) gravity of polynomial-exponential form
Authors: On Vo Van , Dang Nguyen Hai 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we present the cosmic inflation scenario in some viable models of the f(R) modified gravity of polynomial-exponential form. Results show that the magnitude of the parameter β in these viable models is at the order of 5.67x10–76 and the time of inflation is at the order of 4.6 x 10–35 s.
Numerical Solution of Fourth-Order Boundary Value Problems for Euler-Bernoulli Beam Equation using FDM
Authors: Adak M. , Mandal A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Euler-Bernoulli beam equation is widely used in engineering, especially civil and mechanical engineering to determine the deflection or strength of bending beam. In physical science and engineering, to predict the deflection for beam problem, bending moment, soil settlement and modeling of viscoelastic flows, fourth-order ordinary differential equation (ODE) is widely used. The analytical solution of most of the higher order ordinary differential equations with complicated boundary condition that occur in any engineering problems is not easy way. Therefore, numerical technique based on finite difference method (FDM) is comparatively easy and important for solving the boundary value problems (BVP). In this study four boundary conditions (Neumann condition) are considered for solving BVP. Absolute error calculation, numerical stability and convergence are discussed. Two examples are considered to illustrate the finite difference method for solving fourth order BVP. The numerical results are rapidly converged with exact results. The results shows that the FDM is appropriate and reliable for such type of problems. Thus present study will enhance the mathematical understanding of engineering students along with an application in different field.
The influence of polymer on optical and thermal properties of nematic liquid crystals
Authors: Mani Santosh , Rai Pushpendra , Khosla Samriti , Sarawade Pradip 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Polymer is substance which consists of large number of molecules and plays a very important in our everyday life. In the present study the effect of different concentration of polymer Poly Methyl Methacrylate on the optical and thermal properties of nematic liquid crystal were investigated. The polymer was dispersed in the liquid crystal by polymerization induced phase separation method. The physical properties were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy. We found various textures according to the molecular order and orientation of the liquid crystal and polymer in constrained regions separated by phase boundaries. These composite materials can be used to enhance contrast ratio with more stability for display application and smart window.
A Transient Analysis for Amorphous Photoconductors
Authors: Smrity Manu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The study has been carried out for the transient response of photosensors fabricated by amorphous semiconductors under variable levels of excitation when switched off from steady-state. The curves for the entire range of the transient have been plotted in the terms of photoconductivity and they can be converted to current decay curves by multiplying with the applied electric field and the cross-sectional area of the sample. For this purpose, in the calculations, the transit time effect is included. Also, the switching time and gain of the photoconductor have been calculated. It is found that the current gain of the device increases as the density of thermal equilibrium electrons is made higher, compared to that of holes by moving the Fermi level upward. However, this also increased the switching time and its performance, as a switch becomes poorer.
Antisites driven magnetic transition study in La2NiMnO6
Authors: Hissariya R. , Mishra S. K. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
La2NiMnO6 is a unique compound of multiferroics that exhibits two magnetic transitions of Curie points TC1 and TC2 below room temperature on a partial conversion of charge carriers, Ni2+ → Ni3+ and Mn4+→ Mn3+, stabilized with O2- vacancies in distorted octagons in a double perovskite of a spin cluster (glass), wherein the spins freezing at a critical Tg point at lower temperatures. The peak temperature and irreversibility temperature shifted to the lower temperature. The dc magnetization M (T) measurements indicate random ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions and multiple magnetic transitions. The critical slowing properties signify the spin-glass nature proved by the thermomagnetic relaxation measure.
Biomass gasification of carbonaceous feedstock for syngas production: A Review
Authors: Panchal Aman , Raghuvanshi Vanshika , Ramanjaneyulu Bomma , Ghodke Praveen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Biomass is a renewable energy’s most abundant source which includes anything from energy crops or agricultural residue or forestry falls and animal (biogenic) waste. The biomass can be used to produce various products or can be used as an energy source, but utilization of these energy sources should be effective and efficient so the conversion process should be economical, so that it can compete in the market filled from fossil fuel derived products. This paper discusses about the different types of conversion process and the uses of the biomass derived products.
The structural and dynamical properties of aluminosilicate melts: Insight via molecular dynamic simulation
Authors: Dung Mai Van , Dung Tran Thanh , Quynh Truong Duc , Tuan Nguyen Manh , Yen Nguyen Van , Vinh Le The 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We have studied the structural and dynamical characteristics of xAl2O3(1-x)SiO2 system by means of molecular dynamics simulation at 3000 K using the Born-Mayer potentials. The structural properties have been analysed through the radial distribution function and structural factor. The simulation shows that our results are in good agreement with previous experimental and simulated data. The dynamical heterogeneity (DH) is investigated via the analysis of mobile, immobile, and random atoms. Our simulation indicates that the liquids exists dynamical heterogeneity.
DC conductivity studies of iron decorated polypyrrole
Authors: Basavaraja Patel B M , Revanasiddappa M , Rangaswamy D R , Manjunatha S , Ravikiran Y T 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Fe-Ppy was synthesized by in situ polymerization with varying the concentration of oxidizing agent (FeCl,3) and green tea extract. As prepared polymer samples have been characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM. DC conductivity was measured in the temperature range 303-378 K. Obtained results reveals that, the conductivity slightly increases with increase in temperature. Fe (0.31M)-Ppy-10ml green tea extracted sample exhibited highest conductivity as compared to the other composites. Activation energy found to increases up to Fe-(0.92M)-Ppy 30ml sample and it was maximum for Fe (1.54M)-Ppy 50ml sample.
Evaporative deposition of SiO2 nanoparticles multilayer on ITO substrates and application for vertical alignment of liquid crystals - Effect of dichroic dye
Authors: Dogra Ankit Rai , Sharma Vandna , Khanra Partha , Kumar Pankaj 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work the SiO2 nanoparticles layer was deposited by solvent evaporation on ITO substrates and used for vertical alignment of pure and dye doped liquid crystal (LC) in confined cells. The pure nematic liquid crystal (NLC) material was filled into SiO2 layer coated cell by the capillary injection method. The 0.5 wt.% of dichroic dye added into the LC mixture and studied its effect on electro-optic behaviour of display cell. The FESEM study reveals the multilayered deposition of the SiO2 on Indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates. Conoscopic and polarised optical microscopy (POM) study show good dark black and bright textures at OFF and ON state under the cross polarizers and confirm vertical alignment (VA) of LC molecules. The electro-optical (E-O) study shows the lower threshold and operating voltage with higher contrast ratio in dye doped vertically aligned LC (VALC) cell as compare to the pure SiO2 coated VALC cell.
Preparation and application of low-cost ceramic membranes for separation of oil-water emulsion
Authors: Gopinath Pooja , Pujari Murali , Kotni Tirumala Rao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This work presents the impact of fabricating pressure on the performance of ceramic membranes during the dead-end microfiltration of an oil-water emulsion. The membranes used in this study were fabricated at a pressure of 40 kN and 100 kN using the dry compaction method. The membrane characterization was done using XRD and FTIR analysis. The membrane performance was evaluated by carrying dead-end microfiltration experiments using synthetic oil-water emulsion as a feed at a trans-membrane pressure of 30 psi. The experimental results confirmed that the membrane fabricated at higher fabricating pressure (100 kN) gives better performance in terms of maximum oil rejection of 95.7% with the maximum flux of 2.04x10−3
m3/m2.s.
Spectral Studies on Impact of Alkali Perchlorate (Li/Na/K-ClO4) Salts on the Properties of PVA-Ag-Cr3+ Polymer Nanocomposite Films
Authors: Hemalatha M , Krishna Vinay V , Siva Raju D , Linga Raju Ch 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Poly (Vinyl alcohol) metal (PVA-Ag-Cr) nanocomposites were prepared by a slow evaporation method with the help of a refluxing procedure. The effect of alkali perchlorate (Li/Na/K-QlO4) salts embedded in PVA-metal nanocomposites were analysed with SEM, XRD, EPR, and optical techniques. The surface structure and topology of the synthesized composites were studied using scanning electron microscopy. The crystallinity of the prepared polymer films has been determined using the X-ray diffraction pattern. Existing changes in some diffraction angle with the alkali salts results the fluctuations in the degree of crystallinity. EPR studies reveal the ‘g’ values at 1.96, 1.93, and 1.98 due to the oxidation exchange-coupled pair. The observed absorption spectra of Cr3+ ions corresponding to Li, Na & KClO4 salts in PVAAgSe polymer films revealed the band positions centered at 220, 275, 480, 535, and 1030 nm of all the alkali chlorates with small shifting in-band positions. This may be due to the inter/intramolecular hydrogen bonding.
Effect of Radiation of Moon on the physical property of Jalkhumbhi (Water hyacinth) Bhasma as a functional nanomaterials for its applications as medicine and in other areas of Science & Technology
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Guha Shambhu Nath , Singh Rakesh Kr. , Singh Jitendra Kr , Prasad Dineshwar , Das Shashank Bhushan , Kumar Nishant 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Jalkhumbhi Bhasma as Nanomaterials is prepared using ecofriendly green approach in Pushya nakshtra and Rohini nakshtra. The crystal structure was evaluated, using modern scientific tools. X-ray diffaraction measurement shows that crystalline size and lattice constant of Jalkhumbhi bhasma prepared in Push and Rohini nakshtra were found, 26.62 nm and 54.55 nm and lattice constant 6.312A, 6.301A and respectively. This reveals the effect of radiation of moon alter the crystal structure. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) measurement shows functional group present in the materials are of the compound of K, Cl, C-Cl, NH2, C-O-C, C=O, Ca, and Ca(OH)2 respectively. The magnitude of force constant between the atoms are 2.51307 N/cm, 4.16005 N/cm and 2.61932 N/cm, 4.20074 N/cm respectively in both the nakshtras, which measure the interatomic strength. The photoluminescence spectra (PL) reveals that the broad emission of radiation spectrum from both the materials lie in the visible region, showing broad blue emission. The energy band gap value for the most significant intense peak corresponding to 481 nm (2.55 eV) corresponding to 350 nm excitation of radiation and 501 nm (2.475 eV) for 370 nm. The optical property shows that prepared Jalkhambhibhasma may be useful as semiconductor electronics nanomaterials, which were prepared using eco-friendly approach. This may open a new window for material science and pharmaceutical sectar for the production of such materials for electronic based industries, in addition, to using as an evidence based medicine. The effect of natural radiation of moon changes the crystal structure and properties of materials, which are beneficial for health as well as in other areas of science and technology due to its crystalline size and optical properties.