bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecology of fleas and their hosts in the trifinio of north‐east Argentina: first detection of Rickettsia asembonensis in Ctenocephalides felis felis in Argentina
Authors: Urdapilleta M. , Pech‐May A. , Lamattina D. , Burgos E. F. , Balcazar D. E. , Ferrari W. A. O. , Lareschi M. , Salomón O. D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFleas are important in public health due to their role as parasites and vectors of pathogens, including Rickettsia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diversity, abundance and prevalence of fleas and the presence of Rickettsia in the trifinio of north‐east Argentina. Fleas from household and synanthropic animals were obtained from urban and periurban areas. They were taxonomically identified and samples of 227 fleas in 86 pools were analysed by polymerase chain reaction targeting the gltA and ompB genes of Rickettsia spp. The study revealed that Ctenocephalides felis felis was dominant on dogs, cats and opossums, with higher prevalence in the periurban area. The Shannon–Wiener and Morisita–Horn indices expressed differences in the diversity and similarity values of the absolute abundances of the species between the areas compared. DNA amplifications revealed 30.8% C. f. felis pools positive for Rickettsia spp. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the haplotype obtained was identical to Rickettsia asembonensis from Peru and Brazil. This is the first detection in Argentina of R. asembonensis that infects C. f. felis, and we emphasize the importance of conducting research from a ‘One Health’ perspective on the role of opossums and rodents in the integration of the transmission cycles of rickettsial bacteria.
Psychometric properties of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life‐36 instrument: A systematic review using COSMIN methodology
Authors: Yangöz Şefika Tuğba , Turan Kavradim Selma , Özer Zeynep , Boz İlkay 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Kidney Disease Quality of Life‐36 (KDQOL‐36) is a multidimensional measure of the quality of life regarding physical and mental functions, kidney disease burden, symptoms and problems, and the effects of kidney disease on daily life, which is commonly used in clinical evaluations of patients with chronic kidney disease. We conducted a systematic review of the psychometric properties of the KDQOL‐36, searching databases from 1994 to December 2020 and selecting 15 studies for independent assessments of methodological quality, measurement properties, and quality of evidence according to COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) criteria. The KDQOL‐36 demonstrated inconsistent, very low quality evidence for structural validity, internal consistency, reliability, and responsiveness, and inconsistent, low quality evidence for content validity and hypothesis testing. There was no evidence for cross‐cultural validity or measurement error due to lack of relevant data. The findings indicate that this instrument is categorized as B according to COSMIN, and thus can be recommended for assessing the quality of life for patients with chronic kidney disease, but should be evaluated with further psychometric studies.
Problematising assumptions about ‘centredness’ in patient and family centred care research in acute care settings
Authors: Judge Harkeert , Ceci Christine 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOver the last two decades significant efforts have been made to implement patient and family ‘centred’ care as both a practical and moral imperative for adult acute care delivery. Although many resources have been developed and adopted by institutions, research suggests persistent and diverse barriers to implementing and achieving patient and family ‘centred’ care in adult acute care practice settings. These issues in implementation suggest re‐examining the nature of ‘centredness’ in care may be useful. A structured problematisation method, as outlined by Alvesson and Sandberg, is utilised to identify and analyse assumptions about the central notions of ‘centring’ that inform patient and family centred care intervention research. From our analysis, we highlight three predominant areas within ‘centring’ intervention research that may benefit from rethinking: Vitruvian spatiality, democratising care, and ‘centring’ positioned as primarily a problem and accomplishment for nursing. As a challenge to these assumptions, we argue for the adoption of theoretical lenses that ‘de‐centre’ individual actors to better account for complex relations among multiple actors, both human and nonhuman, which work to involve patients and families in care practices.
Disturbed habitats locally reduce the signal of deep evolutionary history in functional traits of plants
Authors: Prinzing Andreas , Pavoine Sandrine , Jactel Hervé , Hortal Joaquin , Hennekens Stephan M. , Ozinga Wim A. , Bartish Igor V. , Helmus Matthew R. , Kühn Ingolf , Moen Daniel S. , Weiher Evan  , Brändle Martin , Winter Marten , Violle Cyrille , Venail Patrick , Purschke Oliver , Yguel Benjamin 
Published: August 2021

Summary

The functioning of present ecosystems reflects deep evolutionary history of locally cooccurring species if their functional traits show high phylogenetic signal (PS). However, we do not understand what drives local PS. We hypothesize that local PS is high in undisturbed and stressful habitats, either due to ongoing local assembly of species that maintained ancestral traits, or to past evolutionary maintenance of ancestral traits within habitat species‐pools, or to both.

We quantified PS and diversity of 10 traits within 6704 local plant communities across 38 Dutch habitat types differing in disturbance or stress.

Mean local PS varied 50‐fold among habitat types, often independently of phylogenetic or trait diversity. Mean local PS decreased with disturbance but showed no consistent relationship to stress. Mean local PS exceeded species‐pool PS, reflecting nonrandom subsampling from the pool. Disturbance or stress related more strongly to mean local than to species‐pool PS.

Disturbed habitats harbour species with evolutionary divergent trait values, probably driven by ongoing, local assembly of species: environmental fluctuations might maintain different trait values within lineages through an evolutionary storage effect. If functional traits do not reflect phylogeny, ecosystem functioning might not be contingent on the presence of particular lineages, and lineages might establish evolutionarily novel interactions.
Device nurse intervention facilitates the patients’ adaptation to cardiac shock devices in the remote monitoring era
Authors: Ogawa Tomomi , Saito Nao , Fukuzawa Koji , Kiuchi Kunihiko , Takami Mitsuru , Hayashi Megumi , Tanioka Ryo , Ota Masaya , Komoriya Keizo , Miyawaki Ikuko , Hirata Ken‐ichi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundA substantial number of patients with shock devices (implantable cardioverter defibrillators [ICDs] or ICDs with resynchronization [CRTDs]) experience psychological distress.ObjectiveWe investigated the device nurse telephone intervention's effect on improving the patient's adaptation to shock devices, quality of life (QOL), and anxiety in the remote monitoring era.MethodsThe patient's adaptation to the device, health‐related QOL, and anxiety were investigated by the modified Implanted Devices Adjustment‐Japan score (IDAS), Short Form‐36, and State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before and 1‐year after the device nurse telephone intervention, performed every 3 months. A total of 95 patients (median age 69 years and 25 females) participated. Sixty patients had ICDs and 35 CRTDs. Structural heart disease was observed in 72 patients, and idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias in the others. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 46% ± 15%. The median duration since the device implantation was 5.2 years.ResultsThe total IDAS score significantly improved from 28.42 ± 7.11 at baseline to 26.77 ± 7.68 (p = 0.0076) at 1 year. Both the state and trait anxiety significantly improved (from 38.9 ± 9.6 to 35.3 ± 9.0 [<0.0001] and 38.8 ± 10.3 to 36.2±9.8 [p = 0.0044], respectively). The prevalence of patients with a state and trait anxiety of more than 40 decreased from 44 (46%) and 38 (40%) patients before the study to 27 (28 %) and 32 (34 %) at 1 year. The SF‐36 mental component summary score significantly increased (50.8 ± 8.3 at baseline to 53.1 ± 7.7 at 1 year, p = 0.0031).ConclusionsThe device nurse intervention facilitated the patient's adaptation to the shock device, increased the health‐related QOL, and reduced the patient's anxiety.
Genetic variation of avirulence genes (AVR‐Pi9, AVR‐Pik, AVR‐Pita1) and genetic diversity of rice blast fungus, Pyricularia oryzae, in Thailand
Authors: Sutthiphai Thanathip , Damchuay Katanyutita , Neupane Ram Chandra , Longya Apinya , Sriwongchai Tanee , Songkumarn Pattavipha , Parinthawong Nonglak , Darwell Kulchana , Jantasuriyarat Chatchawan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGenetic variation of the rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae) population in Thailand was investigated based on the nucleotide sequence of three avirulence genes, AVR‐Pi9, AVR‐Pik, and AVR‐Pita1. Sixty rice blast isolates were collected from rice‐growing areas around Thailand. Gene‐specific primers were used to amplify these AVR genes and AVR‐Pi9, AVR‐Pik, and AVR‐Pita1 were detected in 60, 57, and 23 isolates, respectively. Based on the AVR‐Pi9 sequences, we identified one rice blast isolate containing an amino acid change from glutamic acid to aspartic acid. Moreover, two rice blast isolates had identical sequences to the rice blast strain originating in Japan, indicating a potential movement of this isolate from Japan to Thailand. Three AVR‐Pik alleles were found, including AVR‐PikA (3.51%), AVR‐PikD (71.93%), and isolates with two copies of AVR‐PikD and AVR‐PikF (24.56%). AVR‐PikA and AVR‐PikF are virulent to Thai rice variety Jao Hom Nin. Six haplotypes of AVR‐Pita1 were identified with one deletion and 12 amino acid substitutions. This study revealed that different AVR genes in Thai rice blast populations have different levels of genetic variation: AVR‐Pi9 and AVR‐Pik genes have a relatively low genetic diversity, while the AVR‐Pita1 gene has high genetic diversity. We found AVR‐Pi9 was not under selection pressure, while AVR‐Pita1 was under purifying selection pressure. In addition, geographic location has influenced the distribution of genetic variation of AVR‐Pita1. The information obtained from this study is valuable for the future development of breeding strategies for rice blast resistance in Thailand.
Citrus black spot severity related to premature fruit drop in sweet orange orchards
Authors: Machado Franklin Jackson , Lanza Fabrício Eustáquio , Ferretti Marcela Olivetti , Fialho Régis Oliveira , Behlau Franklin , Silva‐Junior Geraldo José 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCitrus black spot (CBS) may cause substantial yield loss in sweet orange orchards. Severity and distribution of CBS symptoms on fruit may be variable and not all affected fruit may fall. However, the relationship between CBS symptoms and yield loss has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to determine CBS characteristics associated with premature fruit drop. A set of fruit was removed from the tree to measure the detachment force and another set of dropped fruit was collected from Pera and Valencia sweet orange orchards in three municipalities in Sao Paulo state, Brazil. CBS severity, distance of the nearest lesion from the peduncle, and fruit peel colour were assessed in both fruit sets. CBS severity was consistently related with the force to remove fruit and hence associated to the premature fruit drop, irrespective of the cultivar and location. The segmented linear regression showed that the fruit detachment force was reduced abruptly, at a rate of 7% for every 1% increase in disease severity up to 4.2 ± 1.0% CBS severity and, above this breakpoint, the force decreased slightly at a rate of 1.5%. Taking into account all orchards, the proportion of dropped fruit with CBS severity higher than the breakpoint was approximately 90%. This study provides a better understanding of the relationship between CBS severity and premature fruit drop of sweet orange. CBS severity breakpoint may be used as a reference to anticipate harvest and reduce CBS‐related yield loss in orchards intended for juice processing.
Protease activity is maintained in Nepenthes ampullaria digestive fluids depleted of endogenous proteins with compositional changes
Authors: Ravee Rishiesvari , Baharin Anis , Cho Weng‐Tim , Ting Tiew‐Yik , Goh Hoe‐Han 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNepenthes ampullaria is a unique carnivorous tropical pitcher plant with the detritivorous capability of sequestering nutrients from leaf litter apart from being insectivorous. The changes in the protein composition and protease activity of its pitcher fluids during the early opening of pitchers (D0 and D3C) were investigated via a proteomics approach and a controlled protein depletion experiment (D3L). A total of 193 proteins were identified. Common proteins such as pathogenesis‐related protein, proteases (Nep [EC:3.4.23.12], SCP [EC:3.4.16.‐]), peroxidase [EC:1.11.1.7], GDSL esterase/lipase [EC:3.1.1.‐], and purple acid phosphatase [EC:3.1.3.2] were found in high abundance in the D0 pitchers and were replenished in D3L samples. This reflects their importance for biological processes upon pitcher opening. Meanwhile, prey‐inducible chitinases [EC:3.2.1.14] were found in D0 but not in D3C and D3L samples, which suggests their degradation in the absence of prey. Protease activity assays demonstrated the replenishment of proteases in D3L with similar levels of proteolytic activities to that of D3C samples. This supports a feedback mechanism and signaling in the molecular regulation of endogenous protein secretion, turnover, and activity in Nepenthes pitcher fluids. Furthermore, we also discovered several new enzymes (XTH [EC:2.4.1.207], PAE [EC:3.1.1.98]) with possible functions in cell wall degradation that could contribute to the detritivory habit of N. ampullaria.
LpNOL‐knockdown suppression of heat‐induced leaf senescence in perennial ryegrass involving regulation of amino acid and organic acid metabolism
Authors: Lei Shuhan , Yu Guohui , Rossi Stephanie , Yu Jinjing , Huang Bingru 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe nonyellow COLORING 1‐like gene (NOL) is known for its roles in accelerating leaf senescence, but the underlying metabolic mechanisms for heat‐induced leaf senescence remain unclear. The objectives of this study were to identify metabolites and associated metabolic pathways regulated by knockdown of NOL in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and to determine the metabolic mechanisms of NOL controlling heat‐induced leaf senescence. Wild‐type (WT; cv. “Pinnacle”) and two lines (Noli‐1 and Noli‐2) of perennial ryegrass with LpNOL knockdown were exposed to heat stress at 35/33°C (day/night) or nonstress control temperatures at 25/22°C (day/night) for 30 days in growth chambers. Leaf electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll (Chl) content, photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) were measured as physiological indicators of leaf senescence, while gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry was performed to identify metabolites regulated by LpNOL. Knockdown of LpNOL suppressed heat‐induced leaf senescence and produced a stay‐green phenotype in perennial ryegrass, as manifested by increased Chl content, photochemical efficiency, net photosynthetic rate, and cell membrane stability in Noli‐1 and Noli‐2. Five metabolites (valine, malic acid, threonic acid, shikimic acid, chlorogenic acid) were uniquely upregulated in LpNOL plants exposed to heat stress, and six metabolites (aspartic acid, glutamic acid, 5‐oxoproline, phenylalanine, proline, tartaric acid) exhibited more pronounced increases in their content in LpNOL plants than the WT. LpNOL could regulate heat‐induced leaf senescence in perennial ryegrass through metabolic reprogramming in the pathways of respiration, secondary metabolism, antioxidant metabolism, and protein synthesis.
Recent advances on the roles of flavonoids as plant protective molecules after UV and high light exposure
Authors: Ferreyra María Lorena Falcone , Serra Paloma , Casati Paula 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFlavonoids are plant specialized metabolites that consist of one oxygenated and two aromatic rings. Different flavonoids are grouped according to the oxidation degree of the carbon rings; they can later be modified by glycosylations, hydroxylations, acylations, methylations, or prenylations. These modifications generate a wide collection of different molecules which have various functions in plants. All flavonoids absorb in the UV wavelengths, they mostly accumulate in the epidermis of plant cells and their biosynthesis is generally activated after UV exposure. Therefore, they have been assumed to protect plants against exposure to radiation in this range. Some flavonoids also absorb in other wavelengths, for example anthocyanins, which absorb light in the visible part of the solar spectrum. Besides, some flavonoids show antioxidant properties, that is, they act as scavengers of reactive oxygen species that could be produced after high fluence UV exposure. However, to date most reports were based on in vitro studies, and there is very little in vivo evidence of how their roles are carried out. In this review we first summarize the biosynthetic pathway of flavonoids and their characteristics, and we describe recent advances on the investigation of the role of three of the most abundant flavonoids: flavonols, flavones, and anthocyanins, protecting plants against UV exposure and high light exposure. We also present examples of how using UV‐B supplementation to increase flavonoid content, is possible to improve plant nutritional and pharmaceutical values.
Late Holocene stratigraphic evolution and sedimentary facies of an active to abandoned tide‐dominated distributary channel and its mouth bar
Authors: Gugliotta Marcello , Saito Yoshiki , Ta Thi Kim Oanh , Nguyen Van Lap , La Croix Andrew D. , Wang Zhanghua , Tamura Toru , Nakashima Rei , Lieu Kim Phuong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo better understand the sedimentary facies of tide‐dominated deltas, a core dataset from the Ba Lai palaeochannel in the Mekong River Delta was obtained and studied. Nine sedimentary facies were identified and interpreted as representing the Late Holocene evolution of the Ba Lai palaeochannel, including its pre‐abandonment and post‐abandonment phases, as well as pre‐channel phases. The channel formed at 2.6 ka as a distributary channel connected to the deltaic network and was abruptly abandoned and rapidly infilled with sediment at 0.7 ka. The channel deposits are up to ca 11 m thick and overlie shelfal shell layers, which, in turn, overlie Mid‐Holocene and Pleistocene deposits. The active‐channel fill and mouth‐bar deposits consist of sand and mud with cyclical patterns, bidirectional lenses and abundant mud layers, suggesting deposition mainly driven by river and tidal processes. The abandoned‐channel fill consists entirely of organic‐rich mud, suggesting a predominance of tidal processes. Other sedimentary facies include tidal‐flat and marsh deposits; they mostly consist of mud and formed in shallow to subaerial areas near the channel margins or on barforms. Depending on the exact location of the core in this depositional setting, three possible stratigraphic successions and facies models are presented herein. Near channel margins, the deposits show an upward gradual change from heterolithic to mud with a well‐developed fining‐upward trend. Away from the channel margins, the deposits show an upward sharp change from heterolithic to mud due to the channel abandonment. The mouth‐bar‐area facies model shows an upward gradual change from heterolithic to heterolithic/sand to mud deposits with a coarsening‐upward to fining‐upward trend. Although differences among systems likely exist, the authors suggest that the sedimentary facies described in this study and the resulting facies models should be used to better understand tide‐dominated deltaic systems and to improve their interpretation in the geological record.
Suicidal risk and impulsivity‐related traits among young Argentinean college students during a quarantine of up to 103‐day duration: Longitudinal evidence from the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: López Steinmetz Lorena Cecilia , Fong Shao Bing , Godoy Juan Carlos 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to examine longitudinal changes on suicidal risk levels, adjusting for impulsivity‐related traits, quarantine duration, main demographic factors, mental disorder history, and loneliness, in young Argentinean college students with (ideation; attempt) and without suicidal behavior history, during a quarantine of up to 103‐day duration of the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsA longitudinal design with two‐repeated measures was used (N = 1202). Follow‐up was a month later from the first measurement. Three groups were analyzed: with suicidal ideation history, with suicide attempt history, and without suicidal behavior history.ResultsPercentages of college students with high or moderate suicidal risk were alarming (accumulated: 62.23% first measurement, 57.65% second measurement). Multilevel analysis on the three groups showed that suicidal risk diminished from the first measurement to the follow‐up, having mental disorder history predicted higher suicidal risk, and negative urgency had the largest increasing effects on suicidal risk which persisted over time.ConclusionsSuicidal risk widely affects college students during lengthy quarantines of the COVID‐19 pandemic and it should be tracked in those having pre‐existing vulnerabilities, but also in those without. Education on managing negative emotions may help decrease suicide risk in college students during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Manipulating diversity: How diversity regimes at US universities can reinforce whiteness
Authors: Petts Amy L. , Garza Alma Nidia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs US universities attempt to accommodate a growing multicultural society, the task of racially diversifying entering cohorts and retaining a racially diverse student demographic has taken on a leading role in recruitment, college admissions, and campus programming. But, we ask, what definitions of racial diversity are fueling these changes and how have existing racial diversity regimes impacted racial/ethnic hierarchies? We analyze two widespread applications of racial diversity—racial diversity as benefit for all and racial diversity as status marker—to illustrate how racial diversity regimes can be manipulated in ways that undermine the contributions of racially/ethnically minoritized groups and reinforce a racial order that privileges Whiteness—particularly when framed around interest convergence. We conclude by discussing the importance of articulating more concrete racial diversity objectives, addressing structural contributors to racial inequity, and measuring diversity outcomes.