bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN PERILAKU DALAM KESEDIAAN MENERIMA VAKSINASI COVID-19 PADA REMAJA (KURANG DARI 18 TAHUN) DI DESA SUNGAI RAYA,KECAMATAN SUNGAI RAYA KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA PROV KALBAR 2021
Authors: Fransiska Feby Windiyati, 
Published: November 2021

Coronavirus merupakan keluarga besar virus yang menyebabkan penyakit ringan sampai berat, seperti common cold atau pilek dan penyakit yang serius seperti MERS dan SARS. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ,sikap dan perilaku remaja dalam menerima vaksinasi covid-19 di desa sungai raya,kecamatan sungai raya,kabupaten kuburaya. Provinsi Kalimantan barat. Tahun 2021. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan analitik korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 129 orang remaja yang ada disesa sungai raya dengan mengambil responden di sekolah menengah umum kemala bhayangkari,sekolah menengah umum taman sungai raya dan Akademi Kebidanan Panca Bhakti Kubu Raya. Cara pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner terbuka dan tertutup serta analisis data menggunakan analisis dengan menggunakan uji statistic chi square dan keeratan hubungan dengan koefisien kontigensi. Hasil pengumpulan data terhadap 129 responden remaja di sekolah yang ada di desa sungai raya didapatkan sebagian dari responden 53 orang(41,1%) berpengetahuan baik dan sebagian dari responden 71 orang (55,5%) memiliki sikap mendukung dan sebagian dengan perilaku positip dan terdapat kesediaan menerima vaksinasi covid-19 dengan kesediaan tinggi yakni 51% Hasil analisis bivariat didapatkan hasil bahwa ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan kesediaan P value 0,041, tidak ada hubungan sikap denagn kesediaan menerima P value-0,089 serta ada hubungan perilaku dengan kesediaan menerima vaksin Covid-19.Pvalue 0.03 di desa sungai raya,kecamatan sungai raya,kabupaten kuburaya. Provinsi Kalimantan barat. Tahun 2021.Dan hasil Analisis koefisien kontigensi terdapat hubungan keeratan rendah dengan kesediaan dengan Nilai C0,22-C.Maks 0,81,hubungan perilaku dengan kesediaan mempunyai keeratan sedang dengan nilai C 0.18-C.Maks 0.70. Berdasarkan hasil dapat disimpulkan secara umum bahwa ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan kesediaan vaksinasi Covid-19 dan ada hubungan antara perilaku dengan kesediaan menerima vaksin.Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan yang kurang dengan sikap yang tidak mendukung cenderung akan menolak atau ragu-ragu untuk divaksin Covid-19.pada remaja didesa sungai raya,kecamatan sungai raya,kabupaten kuburaya.Tahun 2021.perlu adanya kerjasama perangkat desa dengan tokoh masyarakat dan tokoh agama serta pihak sekolah untuk memberikan penyuluhan tentang pentingnya vaksinasi Covid-19.
Identification and Validation of Immune- and Stemness-Related Prognostic Signature of Melanoma
Authors: Zhang Yan , Peng Jing , Du Heng , Zhang Niannian , Fang Xianfeng 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Our aim was to construct a signature that accurately predicted the prognostic and immune response of melanoma.Methods: First, the weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) algorithm was used to identify the hub genes related to clinical phenotypes of melanoma in the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database. Nest, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis was used to dimensionality reduction of these hub genes and constructed a prognostic signature to predict the prognosis and immunosuppressive response of melanoma.Result: Through in-depth analysis, we constructed a 5-mRNA prognostic signature and verified its prognostic value in internal (TCGA-SKCM, n = 452) and external independent datasets (GSE53118, n = 79). Based on this signature, the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) of melanoma was characterized, and the result was found that patients in the high-risk group had lower CD8 T cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression (PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA4), as well as higher M0/M2 macrophage infiltration. Our results also found the risk score based on a 5-mRNA signature was significantly associated with tumor mutational burden (TMB) and tumor stem cell markers (CD20, CD38, ABCB5, CD44, etc.). Lastly, we built a nomogram for clinician prediction for the prognosis of patients with melanoma.Conclusion: Our findings indicated that the 5-mRNA signature has an important predictive value for the overall survival of melanoma. By analyzing the tumor immune microenvironment and tumor stem cell marker between different groups, a new method is provided for the stratified diagnosis and treatment of melanoma.
Immune Infiltration-Related Signature Predicts Risk Stratification and Immunotherapy Efficacy in Grade II and III Gliomas
Authors: Luo Cong , Liu Zhixiong , Ye Wenrui , Liu Fangkun 
Published: November 2021

Background: Tumor microenvironment, especially infiltrating immune cell, is crucial for solid tumors including glioma. However, the hub genes as well as their effects on patient prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy remain obscure.Methods: We employed a total of 952 lower grade glioma (LGG) patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases, and 24 samples in our hospital for subsequent analyses. Abundances of immune infiltrates were evaluated using CIBERSORT and ImmuCellAI. Their correlations with prognosis were assessed by log-rank test. Immune infiltration-related hub genes were obtained from overlapped differential expressed genes (DEGs) in various subsets of survival-related immune cell types. The risk signature was constructed by Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis. The functional analyses were estimated by GVSA and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) algorithms. And protein–protein interaction enrichment analysis was carried out with the Metascape database integrating STRING, BioGrid, OmniPath, and InWeb_IM.Results: Among the 21 infiltrates, the abundances of five immune infiltrates were correlated with overall survival (OS) in LGG patients. Higher abundances of naïve CD4+ T cells (p = 0.002), activated mast cells (p = 0.015), and monocytes (p = 0.014) were correlated with better prognosis, while higher abundances of resting memory CD4+ T cells (p = 0.015) and M1 macrophages (p = 0.020) correlated with poorer OS. We finally obtained 44 hub genes and constructed an immune infiltration-related signature (IIRS). The IIRS correlates with clinicopathological characteristics and exhibited potential power in predicting the immunotherapy efficacy. The IRRS correlates with cancer related pathways, especially “epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT),” and cytotoxic T lymphocytes.Conclusion: Our study constructed and validated a novel signature for risk stratification and prediction of immunotherapy response in grade II and III gliomas, which was closely associated with glioma immune microenvironment and could serve as a promising prognostic biomarker for glioma patients.
Syntheses of a Hyperbranched Polymer and Its Performance on Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Qiao Sanyuan , Liu Qingwang , Zhang Xian , Che Hongchang 
Published: November 2021

A hyperbranched carboxylate-type polymer was synthesized through esterification and carboxymethylation, and its performance on enhanced oil recovery was experimentally evaluated. The optimum condition for esterification was 8 h at 120°C, where 3% PTSA as the catalyst and 9:1 mol ratio of the AB2 intermediate and trimethylolpropane were used. The optimum condition for carboxymethylation was 4 h at 80°C. The critical micelle concentration of the hyperbranched polymer was 433.63 mg/L, the Krafft point was 5°C, and the surface tension was lowered to 28 mN/m. In the range of 400–500 mg/L concentration, the adsorption onto the oil sand surface achieved equilibrium, and micellar solubilization reached 600 ml/mol. The interfacial tension can be lowered to a level of 10−2 mN/m by the single use of the hyperbranched polymer, and the value further decreased to a level of 10−3 mN/m while being formulated with sodium dodecylsulfate or NaOH. Oil recovery of water flooding was further enhanced by the single use of a hyperbranched polymer or the combination of hyperbranched polymer/sodium dodecylsulfate. The latter exhibited more prosperous advantages in low-permeability reservoirs.
Potential of Prebiotic D-Tagatose for Prevention of Oral Disease
Authors: Mayumi Shota , Kuboniwa Masae , Sakanaka Akito , Hashino Ei , Ishikawa Asuka , Ijima Yura , Amano Atsuo 
Published: November 2021

Recent studies have shown phenotypic and metabolic heterogeneity in related species including Streptococcus oralis, a typical oral commensal bacterium, Streptococcus mutans, a cariogenic bacterium, and Streptococcus gordonii, which functions as an accessory pathogen in periodontopathic biofilm. In this study, metabolites characteristically contained in the saliva of individuals with good oral hygiene were determined, after which the effects of an identified prebiotic candidate, D-tagatose, on phenotype, gene expression, and metabolic profiles of those three key bacterial species were investigated. Examinations of the saliva metabolome of 18 systemically healthy volunteers identified salivary D-tagatose as associated with lower dental biofilm abundance in the oral cavity (Spearman’s correlation coefficient; r = -0.603, p = 0.008), then the effects of D-tagatose on oral streptococci were analyzed in vitro. In chemically defined medium (CDM) containing D-tagatose as the sole carbohydrate source, S. mutans and S. gordonii each showed negligible biofilm formation, whereas significant biofilms were formed in cultures of S. oralis. Furthermore, even in the presence of glucose, S. mutans and S. gordonii showed growth suppression and decreases in the final viable cell count in a D-tagatose concentration-dependent manner. In contrast, no inhibitory effects of D-tagatose on the growth of S. oralis were observed. To investigate species-specific inhibition by D-tagatose, the metabolomic profiles of D-tagatose-treated S. mutans, S. gordonii, and S. oralis cells were examined. The intracellular amounts of pyruvate-derived amino acids in S. mutans and S. gordonii, but not in S. oralis, such as branched-chain amino acids and alanine, tended to decrease in the presence of D-tagatose. This phenomenon indicates that D-tagatose inhibits growth of those bacteria by affecting glycolysis and its downstream metabolism. In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that D-tagatose is abundant in saliva of individuals with good oral health. Additionally, experimental results demonstrated that D-tagatose selectively inhibits growth of the oral pathogens S. mutans and S. gordonii. In contrast, the oral commensal S. oralis seemed to be negligibly affected, thus highlighting the potential of administration of D-tagatose as an oral prebiotic for its ability to manipulate the metabolism of those targeted oral streptococci.
Diagnostic Accuracy and Generalizability of a Deep Learning-Based Fully Automated Algorithm for Coronary Artery Stenosis Detection on CCTA: A Multi-Centre Registry Study
Authors: Xu Lixue , He Yi , Luo Nan , Guo Ning , Hong Min , Jia Xibin , Wang Zhenchang , Yang Zhenghan 
Published: November 2021

Aims: In this retrospective, multi-center study, we aimed to estimate the diagnostic accuracy and generalizability of an established deep learning (DL)-based fully automated algorithm in detecting coronary stenosis on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).Methods and results: A total of 527 patients (33.0% female, mean age: 62.2 ± 10.2 years) with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent CCTA and invasive coronary angiography (ICA) were enrolled from 27 hospitals from January 2016 to August 2019. Using ICA as a standard reference, the diagnostic accuracy of the DL algorithm in the detection of ≥50% stenosis was compared to that of expert readers. In the vessel-based evaluation, the DL algorithm had a higher sensitivity (65.7%) and negative predictive value (NPV) (78.8%) and a significantly higher area under the curve (AUC) (0.83, p &lt; 0.001). In the patient-based evaluation, the DL algorithm achieved a higher sensitivity (90.0%), NPV (52.2%) and AUC (0.81). Generalizability analysis of the DL algorithm was conducted by comparing its diagnostic performance in subgroups stratified by sex, age, geographic area and CT scanner type. The AUCs of the DL algorithm in the aforementioned subgroups ranged from 0.79 to 0.86 and from 0.75 to 0.93 in the vessel-based and patient-based evaluations, both without significant group differences (p &gt; 0.05). The DL algorithm significantly reduced post-processing time (160 [IQR:139–192] seconds), in comparison to manual work (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusions: The DL algorithm performed no inferior to expert readers in CAD diagnosis on CCTA and had good generalizability and time efficiency.
The Association of Plant-Based Diet With Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Prospect Cohort Studies
Authors: Quek Jingxuan , Lim Grace , Lim Wen Hui , Ng Cheng Han , So Wei Zheng , Toh Jonathan , Pan Xin Hui , Chin Yip Han , Muthiah Mark D. , Chan Siew Pang , Foo Roger S. Y. , Yip James , Neelakantan Nithya , Chong Mary F. F. , Loh Poay Huan , Chew Nicholas W. S. 
Published: November 2021

Background: The association between plant-based diets and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains poorly characterized. Given that diet represents an important and a modifiable risk factor, this study aimed to assess (1) the relationships between the impact of adherence to plant-based diets on cardiovascular mortality, incident CVD, and stroke; (2) if associations differed by adherence to healthful and less healthful plant-based diets.Methods and Findings: MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched up to May 2021. Studies assessing CVD outcomes with relation to plant-based dietary patterns or according to plant-based dietary indices (PDI) were included. A meta-analysis of hazard ratios (HR) was conducted using DerSimonian and Laird random effects model. Thirteen studies involving 410,085 participants were included. Greater adherence to an overall plant-based dietary pattern was significantly associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular mortality (pooled HR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.99 p = 0.0193, I2 = 88.5%, N = 124,501) and a lower risk of CVD incidence (pooled HR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.82–0.98, p = 0.0173, I2 = 87.2%, N = 323,854). Among the studies that used PDI, unhealthful plant-based diets were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (pooled HR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01–1.09, p = 0.0123, I2 = 0.00%, N = 18,966), but not CVD incidence. Conversely, healthful plant-based diets were associated with decreased CVD incidence (pooled HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.80–0.95, p = 0.0011, I2 = 57.5%, N = 71,301), but not mortality. Vegetarians also had significantly lower CVD incidence (HR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.72–0.91, p = 0.0004, I2 = 22.2%, N = 16,254), but similar CVD mortality or stroke risk when compared to the meat-eaters.Conclusion: To date, this comprehensive study examines the effects of a plant-based diet on major clinical endpoints using more holistic PDIs. These findings highlight the favorable role of healthful plant-based foods in reducing cardiovascular mortality and CVD.
Advances in Amazonian Peatland Discrimination With Multi-Temporal PALSAR Refines Estimates of Peatland Distribution, C Stocks and Deforestation
Authors: Bourgeau-Chavez Laura L. , Grelik Sarah L. , Battaglia Michael J. , Leisman Dorthea J. , Chimner Rod A. , Hribljan John A. , Lilleskov Erik A. , Draper Freddie C. , Zutta Brian R. , Hergoualc’h Kristell , Bhomia Rupesh K. , Lähteenoja Outi 
Published: November 2021

There is a data gap in our current knowledge of the geospatial distribution, type and extent of C rich peatlands across the globe. The Pastaza Marañón Foreland Basin (PMFB), within the Peruvian Amazon, is known to store large amounts of peat, but the remoteness of the region makes field data collection and mapping the distribution of peatland ecotypes challenging. Here we review methods for developing high accuracy peatland maps for the PMFB using a combination of multi-temporal synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical remote sensing in a machine learning classifier. The new map produced has 95% overall accuracy with low errors of commission (1–6%) and errors of omission (0–15%) for individual peatland classes. We attribute this improvement in map accuracy over previous maps of the region to the inclusion of high and low water season SAR images which provides information about seasonal hydrological dynamics. The new multi-date map showed an increase in area of more than 200% for pole forest peatland (6% error) compared to previous maps, which had high errors for that ecotype (20–36%). Likewise, estimates of C stocks were 35% greater than previously reported (3.238 Pg in Draper et al. (2014) to 4.360 Pg in our study). Most of the increase is attributed to pole forest peatland which contributed 58% (2.551 Pg) of total C, followed by palm swamp (34%, 1.476 Pg). In an assessment of deforestation from 2010 to 2018 in the PMFB, we found 89% of the deforestation was in seasonally flooded forest and 43% of deforestation was occurring within 1 km of a river or road. Peatlands were found the least affected by deforestation and there was not a noticeable trend over time. With development of improved transportation routes and population pressures, future land use change is likely to put South American tropical peatlands at risk, making continued monitoring a necessity. Accurate mapping of peatland ecotypes with high resolution (&lt;30 m) sensors linked with field data are needed to reduce uncertainties in estimates of the distribution of C stocks, and to aid in deforestation monitoring.
Serum Calcitonin-Negative Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Series of 19 Patients in a Single Center
Authors: Kim Sun Jung , Yun Hyeok Jun , Shin Su-Jin , Lee Yong Sang , Chang Hang-Seok 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionMedullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare cancer that accounts for 5% of thyroid cancers. Serum calcitonin is a good biomarker for MTC, which is used for diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of recurrence. Calcitonin-negative MTC (CNMTC) is rare but confounds diagnostic and prognostic directions. This study introduces 19 cases of CNMTC in a single center.MethodFrom 2002 March to 2020 July, more than 76,500 patients had undergone thyroid surgery due to thyroid cancer at the Severance Hospital, and a total of 320 patients were diagnosed with MTC (0.4%). Serum calcitonin levels were obtained from every patient who was suspected with MTC. These patients had undergone either bilateral total thyroidectomy or unilateral thyroidectomy with central compartment lymph node dissection, and additional modified radical lymph node dissection if lateral lymph node metastasis was positive. Postoperative monitoring and out-patient clinic follow-up were performed with obtaining the serum calcitonin levels.ResultNineteen patients tested negative for calcitonin preoperatively (6%). The mean preoperative calcitonin level was 5.1pg/mL if undetectable level is regarded as 0pg/mL. Only two patients were males, and the female bias was significant (p = 0.017). No one except two patients with modified radical neck dissection showed central compartment lymph node metastasis. Every patient’s postoperative calcitonin level remained low. The median follow-up period was 71 months. There was no recurrence and only one fatality, and the overall survival rate was 95%.ConclusionSince incidence of CNMTC is not negligible, MTC should not be ruled out in the diagnostic phase even if serum calcitonin is negative in preoperative examination. We presented 19 cases of CNMTC whose prognosis in general were favorable. Markers of serum and immunohistochemical samples other than calcitonin should be actively examined.
The bZIP Transcription Factor ZIP-11 Is Required for the Innate Immune Regulation in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Zheng Zhongfan , Aihemaiti Yilixiati , Liu Junqiang , Afridi Muhammad Irfan , Yang Shengmei , Zhang Xiumei , Xu Yongfu , Chen Chunhong , Tu Haijun 
Published: November 2021

Innate immunity is the first line of host defense against pathogen infection in metazoans. However, the molecular mechanisms of the complex immune regulatory network are not fully understood. Based on a transcriptome profiling of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, we found that a bZIP transcription factor ZIP-11 was up-regulated upon Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 infection. The tissue specific RNAi knock-down and rescue data revealed that ZIP-11 acts in intestine to promote host resistance against P. aeruginosa PA14 infection. We further showed that intestinal ZIP-11 regulates innate immune response through constituting a feedback loop with the conserved PMK-1/p38 mitogen-activated protein signaling pathway. Intriguingly, ZIP-11 interacts with a CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein, CEBP-2, to mediate the transcriptional response to P. aeruginosa PA14 infection independently of PMK-1/p38 pathway. In addition, human homolog ATF4 can functionally substitute for ZIP-11 in innate immune regulation of C. elegans. Our findings indicate that the ZIP-11/ATF4 genetic program activates local innate immune response through conserved PMK-1/p38 and CEBP-2/C/EBPγ immune signals in C. elegans, raising the possibility that a similar process may occur in other organisms.
Serum Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein-1 and Urinary Extracellular Vesicle miR-21-5p as Potential Biomarkers of Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Carvajal Cristian A. , Tapia-Castillo Alejandra , Pérez Jorge A. , Fardella Carlos E. 
Published: November 2021

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension and reaches a prevalence of 6-10%. PA is an endocrine disorder, currently identified as a broad-spectrum phenotype, spanning from normotension to hypertension. In this regard, several studies have made advances in the identification of mediators and novel biomarkers of PA as specific proteins, miRNAs, and lately, extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their cargo.AimTo evaluate lipocalins LCN2 and AGP1, and specific urinary EV miR-21-5p and Let-7i-5p as novel biomarkers for PA.Subjects and MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed in 41 adult subjects classified as normotensive controls (CTL), essential hypertensives (EH), and primary aldosteronism (PA) subjects, who were similar in gender, age, and BMI. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, aldosterone, plasma renin activity (PRA), and aldosterone to renin ratio (ARR) were determined. Inflammatory parameters were defined as hs-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), PAI-1, MMP9, IL6, LCN2, LCN2-MMP9, and AGP1. We isolated urinary EVs (uEVs) and measured two miRNA cargo miR-21-5p and Let-7i-5p by Taqman-qPCR. Statistical analyses as group comparisons were performed by Kruskall-Wallis, and discriminatory analyses by ROC curves were performed with SPSS v21 and Graphpad-Prism v9.ResultsPA and EH subjects have significantly higher SBP and DBP (p &lt;0.05) than the control group. PA subjects have similar hs-CRP, PAI-1, IL-6, MMP9, LCN2, and LCN2-MMP9 but have higher levels of AGP1 (p &lt;0.05) than the CTL&amp;EH group. The concentration and size of uEVs and miRNA Let-7i-5p did not show any difference between groups. In PA, we found significantly lower levels of miR-21-5p than controls (p &lt;0.05). AGP1 was associated with aldosterone, PRA, and ARR. ROC curves detected AUC for AGP1 of 0.90 (IC 95 [0.79 – 1.00], p &lt;0.001), and combination of AGP1 and EV-miR-21-5p showed an AUC of 0.94 (IC 95 [0.85 – 1.00], p&lt;0.001) to discriminate the PA condition from EH and controls.ConclusionSerum AGP1 protein was found to be increased, and miR-21-5p in uEVs was decreased in subjects classified as PA. Association of AGP1 with aldosterone, renin activity, and ARR, besides the high discriminatory capacity of AGP1 and uEV-miR-21-5p to identify the PA condition, place both as potential biomarkers of PA.