bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term Health Effects of Antipyretic Drug Use in the Ageing Population: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mahesh Seema , Werf Esther van der , Mallappa Mahesh , Vithoulkas George , Lai Nai Ming 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: It is unclear whether fever suppression is beneficial or harmful in the long term in the elderly, due to different immune profile and body temperature compared to the young. Our objective was to determine the long-term health effects of antipyretic treatment in the elderly during infections.Methods: A systematic review was carried out using PubMed, Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL databases. Studies with a sample age ≥60 years investigating any antipyretic drug during infections, comparing with any other drug/therapy/placebo/none were included. Studies in which these drugs were used in roles other than antipyresis were excluded. Databases were searched from their inception until the date of last analysis (27/03/2021). Primary outcome was the onset or worsening of chronic inflammatory diseases. Secondary outcomes were fever reduction, length of hospital stay, patient satisfaction, mortality, laboratory parameters indicative of morbidity, and progress to complications. The Risk of Bias (ROB) was assessed for each study type with the respective ROB formats– Cochrane’s ROB tool for RCTs, ROBINS-I tool for observational studies, Joanna Brigg’s critical appraisal tool for case series and the Cochrane handbook prescribed domains for case reports. Narrative synthesis was performed because high heterogeneity rendered meta-analysis impossible.Results: Of 11481, 17 studies (2 RCTs, 7 observational, 1 case series and 7 case reports) were included. No studies investigated the primary outcome and patient-reported outcomes.The Risk-of-bias of the studies was unclear to high. Fever reduction was significant in the RCTs, in the antipyretic group. BP drop was significant in five studies, in the antipyretic group. Morbidity indicators and length of stay were available only in studies that reported adverse events. Mortality was significant for these drugs in one observational study. The certainty of evidence (GRADE) was low to very low for all outcomes, including fever reduction and mortality. Discussion/Conclusions: There is insufficient evidence regarding the long-term benefit or harm from fever suppression with antipyretics during infections in the elderly. Systematic review registration: This study was funded by the Taylor’s University Ageing Flagship Program and the protocol was registered on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020160854)
DDX10 Promotes the Proliferation and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Cells via Splicing RPL35
Authors: Zhou Xin , Liu Zhihong , Zhang Cuifeng , Jiang Manman , Jin Yuxiao , Wu Ziyu , Gu Changji , Zhang Wei , Yang Xiaodong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become the second deadliest cancer in the world and severely threatens human health. An increasing number of studies have focused on the role of the RNA helicase DEAD-box (DDX) family in CRC. However, the mechanism of DDX10 in CRC has not been elucidated.Methods: In our study, we analysed the expression data of CRC samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Subsequently, we performed cytological experiments and animal experiments to explore the role of DDX10 in CRC cells. Furthermore, we performed Gene Ontology (GO)/ Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses. Finally, we predicted the interacting protein of DDX10 by LC-MS/MS and verified it by coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and qPCR.Results: In the present study, we identified that DDX10 mRNA was extremely highly expressed in CRC tissues compared with normal colon tissues in the TCGA and GEO databases. The protein expression of DDX10 was measured by immunochemistry (IHC) in 17 CRC patients. The biological roles of DDX10 were explored via cell and molecular biology experiments in vitro and in vivo and cell cycle assays. We found that DDX10 knockdown markedly reduced CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Then, we constructed a PPI network with the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). GO and KEGG enrichment analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that DDX10 was closely related to RNA splicing and E2F targets. Using LC-MS/MS and Co-IP assays, we discovered that RPL35 is the interacting protein of DDX10. In addition, we hypothesize that RPL35 is related to the E2F pathway and the immune response in CRC.Conclusions: In conclusion, provides a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of DDX10 in CRC and provides a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates From Eurasian Beavers (Castor Fiber) Carry a Novel Phage-borne Bicomponent Leukocidin Related to the Panton-valentine Leukocidin
Authors: Monecke Stefan , Feßler Andrea T. , Burgold-Voigt Sindy , Krüger Henrike , Mühldorfer Kristin , Wibbelt Gudrun , Liebler-Tenorio Elisabeth M. , Reinicke Martin , Braun Sascha D. , Hanke Dennis , Diezel Celia , Müller Elke , Loncaric Igor , Schwarz Stefan , Ehricht Ralf 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus can be a harmless coloniser, but it can also cause severe infections in humans, livestock and wildlife. Regarding the latter, only few studies have been performed and knowledge on virulence factors is insufficient. The aim of the present study was to study S. aureus isolates from deceased wild beavers (Castor fiber). Seventeen isolates from eleven beavers, found in Germany and Austria, were investigated. Antimicrobial and biocide susceptibility tests were performed. Isolates were characterised using S. aureus-specific DNA microarrays, spa typing and whole-genome sequencing. From two isolates, prophages were induced by Mitomycin C and studied by transmission electron microscopy.Four isolates belonged to clonal complex (CC) 8, CC12, and CC398. Twelve isolates belonged to CC1956 and one isolate was CC49. The CC49 and CC1956 isolates carried distinct lukF/S genes related to the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) from human isolates of S. aureus. These genes were located on related, but not identical, Siphovirus prophages. The beavers, from which those isolates originated, suffered from abscesses, purulent organ lesions and necrotising pneumonia, i.e., clinical manifestations resembling symptoms of severe PVL-associated disease in humans. It might thus be assumed that the “Beaver Leukocidin (BVL, lukF/S-BV)”-positive strains are beaver-specific pathogens, and further studies on their clinical role as well as on a possible transmissibility to other species, including humans, are warranted.
Comparative Study of Synthesis Parameters of Nanoporous Titania Particles to Improve Structural Properties and Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Hassankhani-Majd Zahra , Anbia Mansoor 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Nanoporous materials have been widely used in many fields. However, their synthesis with uniform particle shapes, pore sizes, pore volumes, and surface areas remains a considerable challenge. Thus, choosing a suitable controllable method for synthesizing nanoporous materials is crucial to obtain appropriate properties. Herein, nanoporous titania particles (NPTPs) were prepared via the hydrothermal. This study investigated how the synthesis parameters such as the type of chelating agent, the hydrolysis method, and the drying technique affected the properties of NPTPs. The synthesis NPTPs were characterized by XRD, FESEM, and BET. The results demonstrated that when acetylacetone (ACAC) (as the chelating agent), the spray-hydrolysis (SH) method, and the freeze-drying (FD) technique were used, NPTPs achieved a more uniform particle shape, a smaller particle size, a larger pore size, a larger pore volume, and a higher surface area. Ultimately, the photocatalytic degradation (PCD) of methylene blue (MB) was examined using improved NPTPs.
Attenuation of Alloxan-induced Low-grade Inflammation by Persea Americana Polyphenolic Peel Extract in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: oluba OLAREWAJU MICHAEL , Abasiri Daniel O. , Ibitoye Babatunde , Ojeaburu Samuel , Eidangbe George , Akinduko Ayokunmi , Alabi Olayinka 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Based on the conceived causal relationship that exist between oxidative stress, hyperglycemia and low‐grade inflammation, this study was hypothesized to evaluate how treatment with polyphenolic peel extract of avocado pear (APPE), with established antioxidant activity, may be deployed in the management of complications arising from diabetes. Methods: Twenty adult male alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats randomly assigned to five groups (n = 5) designated: diabetic control (DC), treated with distilled water; and 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg APPE, respectively. A sixth group comprising of five normal rats administered distilled water served as normal control (NC). Results: Following a 21-day single daily oral administration of APPE, remarkable improvements in body weight and blood glucose concentration were noted in diabetic rats especially at 200 mg/kg compared to DC. A dose-related significant reductions in glycated hemoglobin, interleukins (1β and 6), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in diabetic rats treated with APPE compared to DC. Conversely, serum insulin and interleukin-10 concentrations were significantly elevated in a dose-related fashion in APPE administered diabetic rats compared to DC. Unlike the intestine and heart which were spared severe morphological treatment due to alloxan intoxication, diabetic control rat and those on low dose of the extract showed varying degree of interface hepatitis and glomerulosclerosis. However, diabetic rats on 200 mg/kg APPE were protected from the damaging effects of diabetes mellitus on the liver and kidney.Conclusion: APPE abrogated the oxidative stress-induced hepatic and nephrotic damage in diabetic rats.
An effective model for quantification of cell 3Dshape in early embryogenesis
Authors: Li Zelin , Cao Jianfeng , Zhao Zhongying , Yan Hong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The developmental process is featured by fabulous morphogenesis in multicellular organisms. Describing morphological changes quantitatively concretes the way to investigating both intra and inter cell regulations on cell fate. While Caenorhabditis elegans has been used as a model for cell and development studies for a long time, the exploration of how cell shape is precisely controlled keeps obscured by the lack of methods to model morphological features. Currently, in order to characterize the features of cell shape involved in cell migration and differentiation, there is an increasing demand in analyzing cell shape systematically, especially when many works have contributed to cell reconstruction.
Results: In this work, Spherical harmonics and Principal component analysis integrated Cell Shape quantification Models (SPCSMs) is proposed to represent cell shapes in a low-dimensional shape space. SPCSMs incorporates a complete pipeline to quantify cell shapes and analyze their morphological phenotypes in three dimensional (3D) reconstructions. Based on the framework, we extract biological patterns in the lineage of C. elegans embryo before 350-cell stage, during which all hypodermis cells deformed like a funnel and can be recognized by this shape pattern. Finally, SPCSMs is compared with two cell shape representation methods, which substantiates the effectiveness and robustness of our method.
Conclusion: SPCSMs provides a general method to decribe shapes in low-dimensional shape space with compact parameters. It can quantify the shapes of cells from single-cell resolution images obtained over one-minute intervals, making it possible for the recognition of developmental patterns in cell lineages. SPCSMs is expected to be an effective model for biologists to explore the relationships between the shapes of cells and their fates.
Important Role of SDF-1/CXCR4 Axis in the Homing of Systemically Transplanted Human Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (Had-Mscs) to Ovaries in Rats with Chemotherapy-Induced Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)
Authors: Ling Li , Hou Jiying , Liu Dandan , Tang Dongyuan , Zhang Yanqin , Zeng Qianru , Pan Heng , Fan Ling 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy can induce premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). POI causes multiple sequelae and is currently incurable. Our previous studies have demonstrated that systemically transplanted human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) can home to chemotherapy-induced POI ovaries, and thus reduce ovarian injury and improve ovarian function in rats with POI. However, the cellular mechanisms that direct the migration and homing of hAD-MSCs to chemotherapy-induced POI ovaries are barely understood. This study was to investigate the role of SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in the migration and homing of systemically transplanted hAD-MSCs to chemotherapy-induced POI ovaries and its relevant downstream signaling pathways.Methods: CXCR4 expression in hAD-MSCs was tested by western blot and immunofluorescence assay. hAD-MSC migration was tested by transwell migration assay. SDF-1 level in rats was detected by ELISA. 72 of female SD rats were randomly divided into the control, POI, hAD-MSCs and hAD-MSCs+AMD3100 groups. POI rat models were established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide. For the inhibitor treatment, hAD-MSCs were pretreated with AMD3100 before transplantation. hAD-MSCs labeled with PKH26 were injected into the tail vein of POI rats at 24 h after chemotherapy. After hAD-MSC transplantation, the homing of hAD-MSCs in ovaries, and ovarian function and pathological changes were examined. To further investigate molecular mechanisms, PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways were detected. Results: hAD-MSCs expressed CXCR4. SDF-1 induced hAD-MSC migration in vitro. SDF-1 levels in ovaries and serum significantly increased in POI rats induced by chemotherapy, and POI ovaries attracted the homing of hAD-MSCs expressing CXCR4. The block of SDF-1/CXCR4 axis with AMD3100 can significantly reduce the number of hAD-MSCs homing to the POI ovaries, and further reduce their efficacy in POI treatment. The binding of SDF-1 to CXCR4 activated PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and LY294002 significantly inhibited hAD-MSC migration induced by SDF-1 in vitro. Moreover, inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway significantly reduced the number of systemically transplanted hAD-MSCs homing to chemotherapy-induced POI ovaries in rats.Conclusions: SDF-1/CXCR4 axis partially mediates the migration and homing of systemically transplanted hAD-MSCs to chemotherapy-induced POI ovaries in rats, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway might be involved in the migration and homing of hAD-MSCs mediated by SDF-1/CXCR4 axis.
Cellulose Nanocrystals Obtained From Microcrystalline Cellulose by p-toluene Sulfonic Acid Hydrolysis, NaOH and Ethylenediamine Treatment
Authors: Wang Songlin , Wang Qian , Kai Yao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were first isolated from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by p-toluene sulfonic acid (p-TsOH) hydrolysis. Cellulose II nanocrystal (CNC II) and cellulose III nanocrystal (CNC III) were then formed by swelling the obtained cellulose I nanocrystal (CNC I) in concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions and ethylenediamine (EDA) respectively. The properties of CNC I, CNC II and CNC III were subjected to comprehensive characterization by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicated that CNC I, CNC II and CNC III obtained in this research had high crystallinity index and good thermal stability. The degradation temperatures of the resulted CNC I, CNC II and CNC III were 300 ℃, 275 ℃ and 242 ℃, respectively. No ester bonds were found in the resulted CNC. CNC prepared in this research also had large aspect ratio and high negative zeta potential.
Attitudes, Barriers, and Experiences Regarding E-Learning and Dental Education during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Azab Ehab , Aboalshamat Khalid 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Dental schools used e-learning systems to continue teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine attitudes, experiences, and barriers to e-learning during the pandemic among dental students in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study (descriptive) was performed at the Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University. There were 245 responses to the study questionnaire, having a response rate of 90.74%. The questionnaire was validated through a pilot study. A t-test analysis showed a significance level of 0.05.

Results:
Participants had moderate levels of attitudes, with the mean and standard deviation (SD) being 2.99 (SD = 1.21) to 3.41 (SD = 1.19). Clinical year students had significantly (p < 0.05) better attitudes than non-clinical year students. The most prevalent personal barrier was “lack of interaction with colleagues” (55.92%), the technical barrier was “the slowness of network” (67.35%), infrastructure/technological barrier was “low bandwidth” (67.76%), the content barrier was “impracticality of some courses” (50.61%), and the barrier related to the instructor was “difficulty contacting academic staff from home” (43.67%). About 83.27% stated that recorded lectures allowed participants to revisit the course, improving learning during the pandemic. However, only 44.08% believed e-learning provided a better opportunity to learn dental clinical procedures because of the zoom function on cameras.

Conclusion:
The overall attitude toward e-learning was moderate, with several barriers highlighted. Nevertheless, the e-learning system seems to have helped during the pandemic, and it might be essential for dental schools to build a hybrid teaching strategy into their curricula for consistent use.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression 10-item Scale on Chinese International Students in Korea
Authors: Kim Yang Eun , Lee Boram 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
Depression has become increasingly prevalent in Chinese international students in South Korea. For this population, therefore, accurate assessment of mood disorders, particularly depression, is critically important. The 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D 10) is commonly used to measure depression in both clinical and non-clinical populations. Thus, this study examined the CES-D 10’s factor structure and psychometric properties in Chinese international students.

Methods:
Study participants were 250 Chinese international students aged 18–23, attending a four-year university in Korea; they completed the Chinese version of the CES-D 10. Based on relevant theories and empirical research, confirmatory factor analysis was employed to examine the adequacy of three competing models’ factor structure. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, and test-retest reliability using the Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results:
Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the two-factor model comprised of depressive affect/somatic retardation and positive affect had the best fit. The CES-D 10 showed satisfactory internal consistency and test-retest reliability in Chinese international students.

Conclusion:
The CES-D 10 demonstrated strong psychometric properties in this Chinese international student sample, and results suggest that the CES-D scale is a useful screening tool for depressive symptoms. Therefore, the CES-D 10 could be used as a depression screen for international students at the population level and in health clinics.
Factors Associated with Having Multiple Sexual Partners among Men Who Have Sex with Men University Students in Northern Thailand
Authors: Chaipin Eakasit , Siviroj Penprapa , Lorga Thaworn , Kosashunhanan Natthapol , Srithanaviboonchai Kriengkrai 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Men who have sex with men (MSM) university students were more likely to be infected with HIV than the general population due to various reasons, including having multiple sexual partners, having anal sex without a condom, and using alcohol and drugs. The objective of this study was to investigate the factors associated with multiple sexual partners among MSM university students in northern Thailand.

Methods:
The participants of this study were 139 MSM university students. The number of sexual partners in the last 12 months was used as the main outcome variable. Information was collected using an online self-administered questionnaire. The number of sexual partners for categories of participants was described as median and interquartile range. Factors that were independently associated with multiple sexual partners were identified using binary logistic regression analysis.

Results:
Findings showed that seeking sexual partners online (AOR = 1.72; 95% CI 3.10 - 44.29), drinking alcohol within the last 12 months (AOR=9.73; 95% CI 1.38 - 68.47), and having a self-perception of HIV risk (AOR=3.63; 95% CI 1.15 - 11.50) were independently associated with having multiple sexual partners.

Conclusion:
Health agencies and universities should develop strategies to promote life skills related to sexual responsibility, appropriate use of online media, and reduction of alcohol consumption among MSM university students.
Phytoniosomes: An Emergent Strategy for Herbal Drug Delivery System
Authors: Kumari Priya , Sharma Shaweta , Sharma Pramod Kumar , Alam Mohd Aftab 
Published: September 2021

Background and Objective:
In the current era of advancement in the field of pharmaceutics,
there is a growing interest in applying nanomedicine technology for active phytoconstituents
and herbal extracts. This revolution in the area of herbal medicine has led to the growth of different
technological approaches for delivering poorly soluble active herbal constituents or phytoconstituents,
and herbal extract to enhance the safety, bioavailability, efficacy as well as receptor binding
selectivity of the active entity. These nano-medicinal approaches have shown to be a more effective
and reliable delivery system for herbal drugs. Niosomes are one of the novel drug delivery system
approaches that have shown promising results when employed in the delivery of many drugs,
including herbal drugs. The term ‘phytoniosomes’ as mentioned in various research papers, defines
phyto/herbal drugs encapsulated in a non-ionic vesicular system. During the past decade, several research
articles have been published on the development and characterization of phytoniosome
nano-vesicle along with their in vivo studies as well as delivery approaches via different routes.

Methods:
During the writing of this document, the data was derived from existing original research
papers gathered from a variety of sources such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, etc.

Conclusion:
This review discusses various aspects of phytoniosomes covering different areas such
as techniques and methods involved in their preparation, various factors affecting their physicochemical
properties while developing phytoniosomes, their characterization, and several applications
and advantages.