bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hookworm and Strongyloides Stercoralis Infections in Rural East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Tangpong Jitbanjong , Sedionoto Blego , Wasessombat Sueptrakool , Punsawad Chuchard , Anamnart Witthaya , Kotepui Manas 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Hookworm and Strongyloides stercoralis infections are neglected tropical diseases in developing countries, which have environmental risk factors with the potential for transmission of hookworm and S. stercoralis infections. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk factors for hookworm and S. stercoralis infections in East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia.Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 213 participants from 28 villages, including 12 villages from Muara Kaman District and 16 villages from Marangkayu District in East Kalimantan Province. The data from 10-15 households of each village with 1-3 participants in each household were collected. In this study, Kato Katz and Koga agar plate cultures/KAP cultures were used for diagnosing hookworm and S. stercoralis infections among participants. The Pearson chi-square analysis was used to analyze the correlation between risk factors with hookworm and S. stercoralis infections. Results: In this study, 72 (33.8%) and 17 (8.0%) participants were infected with hookworm and S. stercoralis, respectively. The prevalence of hookworm infection reported was higher than S. stercoralis infection in rural areas of East Kalimantan Province. Hookworm infection has been significantly associated with demographic factors, sanitation conditions and personal hygiene. In addition, high hookworm infection has been significantly associated with environmental factors such as locality of district, organic carbon content in the soil, temperature, humidity, number of days of rainfall, volume of rainfall, wet/dry soil around houses, and habitation. However, S. stercoralis infection has not been significantly correlated with demographic factors, sanitation conditions, and personal hygiene. The highest odds ratio of hookworm infection was in village areas surrounded by a river or coastal areas OR: 2.92 (95% CL: 1.38-6.24), while the highest odds ratio of S. stercoralis infection was in households with habitation with humans infected with S. stercoralis OR: 95% CL: 8.33 (2.27-30.61). Conclusions: The high prevalence and risk factors of hookworm and S. stercoralis infections in rural communities in East Kalimantan Province. Characteristics of demographic factors, sanitation conditions, and personal hygiene that were correlated with hookworm and S. stercoralis infection should be used for control and prevention programs to reduce hookworm and S. stercoralis infections, especially in rural areas.
Is Lenke Rule About Selective Thoracic Fusion Applicable for Younger Adult Idiopathic Scoliosis Under 40 Years of Age: Comparison With Adolescent Patients
Authors: Yi Honglei , Chen Hu , Wang Xinhui , Zhang Wei , Xia Hong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background To evaluate the surgical outcome of younger adult idiopathic scoliosis patients (YAdIS) with selective thoracic fusion by comparing with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods Seventy-two idiopathic scoliosis patients (36 adults and 36 adolescents) treated by posterior-only all-pedicle screw technique at the same institution were retrospective reviewed and matched by curve pattern and curve magnitude. Radiographic parameters were evaluated preoperatively, postoperatively and at ﬁnal follow-up. Operating time, blood loss, transfusion and complications were noted. Clinical outcome was assessed by Scoliosis Research Society-22 questionnaire (SRS-22). Results The major thoracic curves in YAdIS group and AIS group were 56.3°±9.7°, 53.3°±10.1° and corrected to 17.2°±7.3°, 14.9°±7.5° respectively without significant difference of correction rate (69.3% vs. 72.0%). For the lumbar curve, Cobb angles in two groups were 35.6° ± 10.1° and 31.4 ± 9.2° preoperatively, and was spontaneously corrected to 18.5° ± 9.0° and 12.6° ± 8.2°. Correction rates were 48.0% and 59.8% (P＜0.05). Coronal vertebra alignments (CVA) in YAdIS group were 20.6 ± 9.7 mm before surgery and 16.8 ± 7.9 mm after surgery (P＞0.05), while CVA in the AIS group was 17.8 ± 10.5 mm preoperatively and decreased to 9.7 ± 8.3 mm postoperatively (P＜0.05). However, sagittal parameters showed significant improvements in thoracic kyphosis in both groups (P＜0.05). Complication rates were 13.9% vs. 5.6% without significant difference. Preoperative SRS score was worse in the YAdIS group than the AIS group. However, there were no significant differences between the final SRS score. Conclusions YAdIS patients gained similar correction of major thoracic curve as AIS patients, although the curve were stiffer.However,more extensive release technique needed to be done which was associated with longer operation time hospital stay. YAdIS had more complications,though this difference was not statistically significant. Patients with lower SRS score in YAdIS can also be treated very well with selective thoracic fusion surgery.
Efficacy&nbsp;of&nbsp;Neoadjuvant&nbsp;Therapy&nbsp;in&nbsp;Improving&nbsp;Long-Term&nbsp;Survival&nbsp;of&nbsp;Patients&nbsp;with&nbsp;Resectable&nbsp;Rectal&nbsp;Cancer: a&nbsp;Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Xinlong , Li Xiangyuan , Fu Rongrong , Ng Derry Minyao , Yang Tong , Zhang Yu , Zhang Mengting , Shi Yetan , Gu Yixuan , Lv Chenhui , Chen Gang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The impact of neoadjuvant therapy on the long-term prognosis of patients with resectable rectal cancer is controversial. This study aimed to explore the effect of neoadjuvant therapy on the long-term prognosis of patients with resectable rectal cancer. Methods: Four major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane library) were searched to find relevant articles published between January 2000 and July 2020. The main outcome indicators were the 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Results: Compared with upfront surgery, our meta-analysis showed that 5-year OS (HR: 0.84, 95% Cl: 0.78-0.91) and DFS (HR: 0.91, 95% Cl: 0.87-0.95) were prolonged for patients with resectable rectal cancer after receiving neoadjuvant therapy. The results of subgroup analysis suggested that both neoadjuvant short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) and neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) could improve the 5-year OS and DFS. The 5-year OS and DFS of patients with stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ rectal cancer increased significantly and the improvement of 5-year OS and DFS could also be observed in mid/low rectal cancer.Conclusion: Neoadjuvant therapy could improve the long-term survival of patients with mid/low rectal cancer in stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ. For the treatment, neoadjuvant SCRT and neoadjuvant CRT were recommended.
Relationship Between Climate Change and Rice Production of Bangladesh: A data analysis using MCMC method
Authors: Chowdhury Atiqur 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this study, we analyzed publicly available agricultural data on rice production in Bangladesh between 2008 to 2017 to address the relationship between climate changes and rice production in Bangladesh by estimating predictor variables, i.e., average rainfall and maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and humidity. A generalized linear regression model sets up for each rice (Aush, Aman, Boro) with the climate variables (average rainfall, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and humidity). We used Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo's (MCMC)'s Gibbs sampling on the collected data to approximate marginal posterior distribution from the prior distribution to see the profound relationship between those predictor variables and the predicted variables (Aush, Aman, Boro). We also saw whether any storm's impact could modify the relationship between climate change variables and rice production in Bangladesh.
FZD2 Promotes TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer via Activating Notch Signaling Pathway
Authors: Tuluhong Dilihumaer , Chen Tao , Wang Jingjie , Zeng Huijuan , Li Hanjun , Dunzhu Wangmu , Li Qiurong , Wang Shaohua 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the commonest female cancers, which is characterized with high incidence. Although treatments have been improved, the prognosis of BC patients in advanced stages remains unsatisfactory. Thus, exploration of the molecular mechanisms underneath BC progression is necessary to find novel therapeutic methods. Frizzled class receptor (FZD2) belongs to Frizzled family, which has been proven to promote cell growth and invasion in various human cancers. The purpose of our current study was to detect the functions of FZD2 in BC and explore its underlying molecular mechanism.Methods: The level of FZD2 was measured in BC tissues by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation assay, transwell assays, wound healing assay and flow cytometry analyses were separately conducted to detect cell viability, invasion, migration, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. The levels of Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers were examined by using Immunofluorescence assay. Xenograft tumorigenicity assay was performed to assess the effect of FZD2 on tumor growth in vivo.Results: FZD2 mRNA and protein expression was abundant in BC tissues. Moreover, high level of FZD2 had significant correlation with poor prognosis in BC patients. In vitro functional assays revealed that silencing of FZD2 had suppressive effects on BC cell growth, migration and invasion. Animal study further demonstrated that FZD2 silencing inhibited BC cell growth in vivo. In addition, FZD2 induced EMT process in BC cells in a transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-dependent manner. Mechanistically, knockdown of FZD2 led to the inactivation of Notch signaling pathway.Conclusion: FZD2 facilitates BC progression and promotes TGF-β1-inudced EMT process through activating Notch signaling pathway.
Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood, neurological comorbidities, intrafamilial variability: case-reports and literature review.
Authors: Pavone Piero , Pappalardo Xena Giada , Mustafa Naira , Cho Sung Yoon , Jin Dong Kyu , Incorpora Gemma , Falsaperla Raffaele , Marino Simona Domenica , Corsello Giovanni , Parano Enrico , Ruggieri Martino 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood (AHC) is an uncommon and complex disorder characterized by age of onset before 18 months, recurrent hemiplegia of one or either sides of the body or quadriplegia. Neurological comorbidities observed in two couples of AHC affected children are here reported together with data drawn by literature review. Results of genetic analysis obtained in the probands are also discussed. Developmental delay, epilepsy, tonic or dystonic spells, nystagmus and autonomic manifestations are frequently reported. AHC is mainly caused by mutations in ATP1A3 gene, and to a lesser extent in ATP1A2 gene.CASE PRESENTATION Clinical and genetic findings of a couple of twins and a couple of siblings affected by AHC from two different Italian families were deeply examined. Intrafamilial clinical variability was shown in the present cases. A pathogenic variant rs606231437 in ATP1A3 gene was detected in twins. For the affected siblings of family 2, the genetic results showed that the older brother and the healthy father shared a novel variant of GRIN2A (c.3175T>A) gene, and two missense mutations in SCNIB (rs150721582) and KCNQ2 (rs771211103) genes. In the younger brother was found only the GRIN2A variant.CONCLUSIONS Developmental delay, epileptic seizures and motor dysfunction are features frequently associated to paroxysmal hemiplegic attacks. Hemiplegic episode is only a sign even if the most remarkable of several neurological comorbidities in AHC carriers. The comparison of molecular analysis among the four probands brings out how the genetic framework is not recurrent, but may result from an unexpected greater genetic heterogeneity.
LINC00958 promotes the proliferation of TSCC via miR-211-5p/CENPK axis and activating the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Jia Bo , Dao Junfeng , Han Jiusong , Huang Zhijie , Sun Xiang , Zheng Xianghuai , Xiang Shijian , Zhou Huixi , Liu Shuguan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
​ Background: Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is one of the most common oral tumors. Recently, long intergenic noncoding RNA 00958 (LINC00958) has been identified as an oncogene in human cancers. Nevertheless, the role of LINC00958 and its downstream mechanisms in TSCC is still unknown. Methods: The expression levels of LINC00958 in human TSCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were detected. The effect of LINC00958 on TSCC cells proliferation and growth were assessed by CCK-8, colony formation, 5-Ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridline (EdU) assay, and flow cytometry assays in vitro and tumor xenograft model in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the target of LINC00958 in TSCC, which was verified by RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays. Results: We found LINC00958 was increased in TSCC tissues, and patients with high LINC00958 expression had a shorter overall survival. LINC00958 knockdown significantly decreased the growth rate of TSCC cells both in vitro and in vivo . In mechanism, LINC00958 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by competitively sponging miR-211-5p. In addition, we identified centromere protein K (CENPK) as a direct target gene of miR-211-5p, which was higher in TSCC tissues than that in adjacent normal tissues. Up-regulated miR-211-5p or down-regulated CENPK could abolish LINC00958-induced proliferation promotion in TSCC cells. Conclusion: Furthermore, CENPK promoted the expression of oncogenic cell cycle regulators and activated the JAK/STAT3 signaling. Our findings suggest that LINC00958 is a potential prognostic biomarker in TSCC.
Construction of a competitive endogenous RNA network and analysis of potential regulatory axis targets in glioblastoma
Authors: Yu Kai , Yang Huan , Lv Qiao-li , Wang Li-chong , Tan Zi-long , Zhang Zhe , Ji Yu-long , Lin Qian-xia , Chen Jun-jun , He Wei , Chen Zhen , Shen Xiao-li 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Because of the limited understanding of its pathogenesis, the prognosis of glioblastoma remains poor. This study was conducted to explore potential competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network chains and biomarkers in glioblastoma by performing integrated bioinformatics analysis.Methods: Transcriptome expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and Gene Expression Omnibus were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes between glioblastoma and normal tissues. Biological pathways potentially associated with the differentially expressed genes were explored by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, and a protein-protein interaction network was established using the STRING database and Cytoscape. Survival analysis using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis was based on the Kaplan–Meier curve method. A ceRNA network chain was established using the intersection method to align data from four databases (miRTarBase, miRcode, TargetScan, and lncBace2.0), and expression differences and correlations were verified by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis and by determining the Pearson correlation coefficient. Additionally, an MTS assay and the wound-healing and transwell assays were performed to evaluate the effects of complement C1s (C1S) on the viability and migration and invasion abilities of glioblastoma cells, respectively.Results: We detected 2842 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, 2577 DE long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and 309 DE microRNAs (miRNAs) that were dysregulated in glioblastoma. The final ceRNA network consisted of six specific lncRNAs, four miRNAs, and four mRNAs. Among them, four DE mRNAs and one DE lncRNA were correlated with overall survival (p < 0.05). C1S was significantly correlated with overall survival (p = 0.015). In functional assays, knockdown of C1S inhibited the proliferation and invasion of glioblastoma cell lines.Conclusions: We established four ceRNA networks that may influence the occurrence and development of glioblastoma. Among them, the MIR155HG/has-miR-129-5p/C1S axis is a potential marker and therapeutic target for glioblastoma. Knockdown of C1S inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells. These findings clarify the role of the ceRNA regulatory network in glioblastoma and provide a foundation for further research.
Non-frontal facial expression recognition based on salient facial patches
Authors: Jiang Bin , Zhang Qiuwen , Li Zuhe , Wu Qinggang , Zhang Huanlong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Methods using salient facial patches (SFP) play a significant role in research on facial expression recognition. However, most SFP methods use only frontal face images or videos for recognition, and do not consider variations of head position. In our view, SFP can also be a good choice to recognize facial expression under different head rotations, and thus we propose an algorithm for this purpose, called Profile Salient Facial Patches (PSFP). First, in order to detect the facial landmarks from profile face images, the tree-structured part model is used for pose-free landmark localization; this approach excels at detecting facial landmarks and estimating head poses. Second, to obtain the salient facial patches from profile face images, the facial patches are selected using the detected facial landmarks, while avoiding overlap with each other or going beyond the range of the actual face. For the purpose of analyzing the recognition performance of PSFP, three classical approaches for local feature extraction-histogram of oriented Gradients (HOG), local binary pattern (LBP), and Gabor were applied to extract profile facial expression features. Experimental results on radboud faces database show that PSFP with HOG features can achieve higher accuracies under the most head rotations.
Rapid changes in mucociliary transport in the tracheal epithelium caused by unconditioned room air or nebulized hypertonic saline and mannitol are not determined by frequency of beating cilia
Authors: Kelly Susyn Joan , Martinsen Paul , Tatkov Stanislav 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Inspired air is heated and humidified in the nose before it reaches lower airways. This mechanism is bypassed during tracheostomy, directly exposing the airways to colder and drier air from the environment, known to negatively affect mucociliary transport; however, little is known about how quickly mucociliary transport deteriorates. This study determines the short-term effect of flowing room air and nebulized hypertonic saline and mannitol on mucociliary transport in the trachea. In an ovine perfused in vitro tracheal model (N=9) the epithelium was exposed to 25 L/min of flow, heated to lamb body temperature (38°C) and fully saturated with water vapor as the control, followed by either room air (22°C and 50% relative humidity) or nebulized solutions of NaCl 7% and mannitol 20% up to 1 min for a short duration, until mucociliary transport had visually changed. Mucus transport velocity (MTV) and cilia beat frequency (CBF) were continuously measured with video-microscopy. RESULTS: Exposing the tracheal epithelium to air heated to body temperature and fully humidified had stable MTV 9.5±1.1mm/min and CBF 13.4±0.6Hz. When exposed to flow of room air, MTV slowed down to 0.1±0.1mm/min in 2.0±0.4seconds followed by a decrease in CBF to 6.7±1.9Hz, after 2.3±0.8 second. Both MTV and CBF recovered to their initial state when heated and humidified air- flow was re-introduced. Exposing the tracheal epithelium to nebulized hypertonic saline and nebulized mannitol for 1 min increased MTV without a subsequent increase in CBF.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates mucociliary transport can deteriorate within seconds of exposing the tracheal epithelium to flowing room air and increase rapidly when exposed to nebulized hypertonic solutions. The reduction in MTV precedes slowing of CBF with room air and MTV increases without a subsequent increase in CBF during the nebulization. Their relationship is non-linear and a minimum CBF of approximately 6Hz is required for MTV>0, while MTV can reach 10.9mm/min without CBF increasing. Clinically these findings indicate a potential rapid detrimental effect of breathing with non-humidified air via bypassed upper airways and the short-term effects of nebulized osmotic agents that increase MTV.
RDH10 and ATRA sensitize triple-negative breast cancer to taxane-based chemotherapy through regulation of PIN1
Authors: Grainger Jordan , Zhang Lingxin , Yu Jia , Vedell Peter T , Thompson Kevin , Kalari Krishna R , Suman Vera J , Boughey Judy C , Goetz Matthew P , Wang Liewei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: With few targeted therapies available for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), there is a critical need to identify biomarkers that can predict chemotherapy-response. Copy number amplifications (CNAmps) have been implicated in tumorigenesis, progression, and treatment response. Previously, we performed a prospective neoadjuvant chemotherapy study (BEAUTY) and identified a 5 Mb CNAmp in TNBC patients associated with pathological complete response rates to taxane- and anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Here we further interrogated this amplicon and its role in chemotherapy response.

Methods: Using siRNA screening of genes identified in the 5 Mb CNAmp, followed by cytotoxicity assays, we identified RDH10 significantly associated with chemo-sensitivity in TNBC cell lines. Functional studies were performed using RDH10 knockdown or overexpression followed by cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, luciferase reporter assays, HPLC or western blot.

Results: RDH10 is a rate-limiting step involved in the synthesis of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) - the active metabolite of retinoid metabolism that is frequently aberrant in cancer. Previous studies demonstrated ATRA to be a potent inhibitor of PIN1, a key regulator of several oncogenic signaling pathways often amplified in TNBC. We discovered that genetic manipulation of RDH10 affected ATRA intracellular concentrations, contributing to PIN1 degradation and taxane-response. Furthermore, co-treatment of TNBC cells with ATRA significantly increased taxane-sensitivity.

Conclusion: RDH10 amplification increases endogenous levels of ATRA and degrades PIN1 in TNBC. ATRA-mediated degradation of PIN1 sensitizes TNBC to chemotherapy, suggesting that RDH10 may be a novel biomarker of taxane response and the addition of ATRA to standard chemotherapy may improve chemo-sensitivity.