bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trajectories of precariousness of tuk-tuk drivers in Portugal
Authors: Roque Isabel , Carmo Renato Miguel do , Caleiras Jorge , Assis Rodrigo Vieira de 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the aftermath of the Great Recession, the gig economy expanded in Portugal as an alternative form of income generation to overcome the accumulation crisis, especially in the tourism sector. One component of this, less well studied than platform labour in the delivery and accommodation sectors, was the introduction of tuk-tuks, or auto-rickshaws for passenger transport, using a hybrid business model combining a face-to-face approach on the streets, the use of internet websites that function as marketplaces, and digital platforms which connect them to the demand and supply of labour for other forms of local transport. Tuk-tuk drivers can experience precariousness, uncertainty, informality and intermittence and generally work as (bogus) independent workers. Drawing on in-depth and follow-up interviews, conducted between 2019 and 2020, this article aims to understand the structure of this service and to analyse the tuk-tuk drivers’ occupational trajectories in Portugal. It concludes that these workers are trapped in a permanent condition of precariousness, with continuous reinforcement of trajectories of vulnerability and suffering.
Acousto-optically induced single-frequency Nd:YAG ring laser based on double corner cube retroreflectors
Authors: Yang Xingbang , Fan Jiawei , Hu Guanqu , Yan Dong , Yao Zhiyuan , Dai Tongyu , Yao Baoquan , Duan Xiaoming , Ju Youlun , Wu Jiaze 
Published: December 2024

Using an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) to enforce the unidirectional operation of a Nd:YAG ring laser based on double corner cube retroreflectors (CCRs) was demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. By tilting the AOM with RF applied to deviate from the Bragg angle, a different diffraction loss was introduced between the counterpropagating beams in the ring cavity. A continuous wave single-frequency laser with a maximum output power of 2.99 W was successfully obtained at 1064.5 nm, with a tunable wavelength range from 1064.3 nm to 1064.7 nm. The experimental results indicated the unidirectional operated ring cavity comprising the double CCRs performed significant tolerance to the misalignment of the cavity. By changing the RF to pulsed mode and adjusting the angle of the AOM closer to the Bragg angle, the unidirectional Q-switched operation was achieved with the increase of the diffraction loss of the oscillating light. At the repetition frequency of 110 Hz, a 0.882 mJ single-frequency pulse energy with a pulse width of 70.2 ns was obtained, corresponding to a peak power of 12.6 kW. Sngle-frequency pulses with energy of 0.761 mJ and pulse width of 72.4 ns were also obtained at the repetition frequency of 1 kHz, corresponding to a peak power of 10.5 kW.
Age-related lung changes linked to altered lysosomal protease profile, histology, and ultrastructure
Authors: Aufy Mohammed , Abd-Elkareem Mahmoud , Mustafic Medina , Abdel-Maksoud Mostafa A. , Hakamy Ali , Baresova Veronika , Alfuraydi Akram A. , Ashry Mahmoud , Lubec Jana , Amer Ayman S. , Studenik Christian R. , Hussein Ahmed M. , Kotob Mohamed H. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
The aging process is intricately linked to alterations in cellular and tissue structures, with the respiratory system being particularly susceptible to age-related changes. Therefore, this study aimed to profile the activity of proteases using activity-based probes in lung tissues of old and young rats, focusing on the expression levels of different, in particular cathepsins G and X and matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs). Additionally, the impact on extracellular matrix (ECM) components, particularly fibronectin, in relation to age-related histological and ultrastructural changes in lung tissues was investigated.

Materials and methods
Lung tissues from old and young rats were subjected to activity-based probe profiling to assess the activity of different proteases. Expression levels of cathepsins G and X were quantified, and zymography was performed to evaluate matrix metalloproteinases activity. Furthermore, ECM components, specifically fibronectin, were examined for signs of degradation in the old lung tissues compared to the young ones. Moreover, histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural assessments of old and young lung tissue were also conducted.

Results
Our results showed that the expression levels of cathepsins G and X were notably higher in old rat lung tissues in contrast to those in young rat lung tissues. Zymography analysis revealed elevated MMP activity in the old lung tissues compared to the young ones. Particularly, significant degradation of fibronectin, an essential ECM component, was observed in the old lung tissues. Numerous histological and ultrastructural alterations were observed in old lung tissues compared to young lung tissues.

Discussion and conclusion
The findings indicate an age-related upregulation of cathepsins G and X along with heightened MMP activity in old rat lung tissues, potentially contributing to the degradation of fibronectin within the ECM. These alterations highlight potential mechanisms underlying age-associated changes in lung tissue integrity and provide insights into protease-mediated ECM remodeling in the context of aging lungs.
Tin prefiltration in computed tomography does not significantly alter radiation-induced gene expression and DNA double-strand break formation
Authors: Schüle Simone , Hackenbroch Carsten , Beer Meinrad , Ostheim Patrick , Hermann Cornelius , Muhtadi Razan , Stewart Samantha , Port Matthias , Scherthan Harry , Abend Michael 
Published: December 2024

Background
The tin (Sn) prefilter technique is a recently introduced dose-saving technique in computed tomography (CT). This study investigates whether there is an altered molecular biological response in blood cells using the tin prefiltering technique.

Methods
Blood from 6 donors was X-irradiated ex-vivo with 20 mGy full dose (FD) protocols (Sn 150 kV, 150 kV, and 120 kV) and a tin prefiltered 16.5 mGy low dose (LD) protocol on a CT scanner. Biological changes were determined by quantification of γH2AX DNA double-strand break (DSB) foci, and differential gene expression (DGE) relative to unexposed samples were examined for seven known radiation-induced genes (FDXR, DDB2, BAX, CDKN1A, AEN, EDA2R, APOBEC3H) and 667 microRNAs (miRNA).

Results
EDA2R and DDB2 gene expression (GE) increased 1.7-6-fold (p = 0.0004–0.02) and average DNA DSB foci value (0.31±0.02, p<0.0001) increased significantly relative to unexposed samples, but similarly for the applied radiation protocols. FDXR upregulation (2.2-fold) was significant for FD protocols (p = 0.01–0.02) relative to unexposed samples. miRNA GE changes were not significant (p = 0.15–1.00) and DGE were similar for the examined protocols (p = 0.10–1.00). An increased frequency of lower DGE values was seen in the Sn 150 kV LD protocol compared to the 120 kV FD and Sn 150 kV FD protocols (p = 0.001–0.008).

Conclusions
The current ex-vivo study indicates no changes regarding transcriptional and post-transcriptional DGE and DNA DSB induction when using the tin prefilter technique and even a significant tendency to lower radiation-induced DGE-changes due to the dose reduction of the tin prefilter with equal image quality compared to classical CT scan protocols was found.
Viral suppression and adherence in adolescents living with HIV in rural Tanzania
Authors: Luoga Ezekiel , Okuma James , Moshi Lilian , Sigalla George , Mnzava Dorcas , Paris Daniel H. , Glass Tracy R. , Vanobberghen Fiona , Weisser Maja , Mollel Getrud Joseph ,   on behalf of the KIULARCO working group
Published: December 2024

Background
Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa are affected by poor treatment outcomes, likely a consequence of poor adherence.

Objectives
To assess viral suppression rates and evaluate factors associated with achieving viral suppression and maintaining treatment adherence among ALHIV in rural Tanzania.

Methods
Cross-sectional analysis of data from the Kilombero and Ulanga Antiretroviral Cohort in Ifakara, Tanzania, including adolescents aged 10–19 years on antiretroviral treatment (ART) ≥6 months at the time point of their first viral load (VL) measurement after implementation of routine VL testing from August 2017 through December 2023. VL ≥1000 copies/ml was considered unsuppressed. We assessed agreement between adherence measures (self-report, pill box return, pill count and visual analogy scale) and viral suppression. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with viral suppression.

Results
Of 319 included adolescents, 159 (50%) were male, 143 (45%) aged 10–13 years, 213 (74%) had disclosed their HIV status, 72 (23%) lived ≥50 kilometers from the clinic, 161 (55%) had a WHO stage III/IV and 80 (33%) had CD4 cell counts <500 cells/mm3. Overall, 249 (78%) adolescents were virally suppressed. Factors associated with viral suppression were having a CD4 cell count ≥500 cells/mm3 (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) 3.48; 95% CI 1.49–8.13) versus those with a CD4 cell count <500 cells/mm3, being on a dolutegravir-based regimen (aOR 12.6; 95% CI 2.50–68.7) versus those on a NNRTI based regimen. Female gender was associated with lower odds of having viral suppression (aOR 0.41; 95%CI 0.18–0.93). There was a weak to moderate agreement between adherence measures and VL suppression.

Conclusion
Adolescents in this rural cohort remain far behind the UNAIDS 95% viral suppression target with only 78% being virally suppressed. The weak to moderate associations between adherence assessment and viral suppression. Adolescents’ HIV care models need to be strengthened in order to achieve viral suppression goals in this population.
Initial Experience With Safety and Efficacy of Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case Series
Authors: Khataniar Himsikhar , Desai Aakash , Kochhar Gursimran S. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) is a novel endoscopic technique for removing complex colorectal lesions. The inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) population poses unique challenges for endoscopic resection due to an increased prevalence of fibrotic, nonlifting lesions and higher recurrence rates compared with the general population. This case series reports on the successful use of EFTR in 5 patients with IBD who had challenging colonic polyps, including fibrotic and nonlifting lesions. Technical success was achieved in all cases without any postoperative complications. Follow-up surveillance revealed no residual lesions or recurrence, and histopathological analysis confirmed full-thickness resection in all samples. This is one of the first case series suggesting that EFTR is a promising, safe, and effective alternative to surgery for managing complex colorectal polyps in patients with IBD.
Task modality and working memory: oral production improvement through a text-reconstruction task across various proficiency levels in L2
Authors: Sletova Natalia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the potential of written tasks to enhance L2 oral production across various levels of proficiency and examines relationships between individual Working Memory (WM) capacity, measured in both native and target languages, and learners’ performance in written and spoken tasks. Sixty-four university L2 learners of Russian (Beginning, Intermediate, and Advanced) participated in the study. They were tasked with reconstructing a text and completing a ‘notice the gap’ activity in writing and orally. Novice and Intermediate learners exhibited enhanced speaking accuracy only when engaging with texts through writing. Russian (L2) WM showed correlations with lexical diversity in both written and spoken tasks. However, syntactic complexity displayed a significant correlation with L2 WM solely in spoken tasks, while semantic accuracy suggested a relationship with L2 WM only in the written form of recall. Based on these findings, explanations and suggestions for future research are offered.
Rheology on novel UV–light irradiation thinning and thickening viscoelastic oleamidopropyl dimethylamine/trans-o-methoxycinnamic acid micelle systems
Authors: Li Yudie , Wang Dongqing , Fang Bo , Cao Jialun , Shen Jiayi , Han Xiaoyang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
For the enrichment of photosensitive micelle systems, several novel types of UV light viscoelastic photosensitive micelle systems were prepared by compounding oleamidopropyl dimethylamine (PKO–O) and trans-o-methoxy-cinnamic acid (trans-OMCA). The flow curves and viscoelastic properties of the micelle systems were investigated before and after UV irradiation at a wavelength of 365 nm. The concentration of PKO–O was controlled at 1.0 wt% and 2.0 wt%, with a fixed molar ratio (MR) of PKO–O to trans-OMCA of 1:0.75, after exposure to UV light, the zero shear viscosity (η
0) of the optimal micellar system decreased by more than 99 %. Furthermore, when the mass concentration of PKO–O ranged from 3.0 wt% to 5.0 wt%, while maintaining the same molar ratio, the optimal micelle system achieved a more than 15-fold increase in η

0
. These phenomena are attributed to the isomerization of trans-OMCA to cis-OMCA under UV light irradiation. The Carreau-Yasuda model effectively describes the flow curves of the PKO–O/OMCA micelle systems. The viscoelastic response of the micelle systems can be well characterized by the Maxwell model. Furthermore, the four-parameter rheokinetic model was used to accurately describe the variation of η

0
with UV light exposure time. This study promises to explain the irreversible photosensitive thickening and thinning of tertiary amine viscoelastic micellar systems, while also providing valuable rheological references.
State-dependent gas chromatography based on flexible and tunable porous coordination polymers
Authors: Mertens Florian O. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Gas chromatography can be based on very different types of stationary phase materials such as porous crystalline, polymeric or even liquid materials. These materials are not supposed to change significantly when brought into contact with the analytes to be investigated. Analytes may overload the stationary phase which changes the interaction between analyte and stationary phase causing often tailing or fronting in the detected peaks. In contrast to these unintended effects, new materials such as flexible porous crystalline coordination polymers can be utilized as stationary phase allowing the crystal structure to undergo transformation induced by the analytes. Depending on the analyte concentration, even a complete collaps of the porous structure can be achieved. The generic theoretical investigation presented will address the possible effects caused by state-dependent transformations of stationary phases. A first experimental realization of such a system with a well-known metal-organic framework (MOF) demonstrating unconventional chromatographic behavior was also generated and investigated.
Novel insight into CD90 mesenchymal stem cell marker in mouse endometrial stroma during embryo implantation
Authors: Gaidamaka Anna O , Alexandrova Alena D , Chermnykh Elina S , Starinnov Zakhar R , Sabirov Marat S , Silaeva Yulia Y , Vorotelyak Ekaterina A 
Published: December 2024

In briefBecause the study of endometrial stem or progenitor cells has focused more on their potential ability to repair the endometrium, it is necessary to investigate their role in preparing the tissue for embryo implantation. Therefore, we selected CD90 protein as a marker of the population of cells with progenitor properties to study their contribution to hormone-regulated endometrial processes.AbstractThe endometrium is a dynamic tissue that undergoes significant changes during the reproductive cycle and pregnancy. Its high regenerative capacity is because of the presence of progenitor cells, which maintain tissue homeostasis. Previous studies have identified small populations of endometrial progenitor cells and investigated their role in tissue repair. However, the involvement of these cells in hormone-mediated changes in the endometrial stroma during decidualization and implantation has not been fully understood. In this study, we used CD90 as a potential marker for endometrial progenitor cells. We demonstrated that CD90+ cells have a higher clonogenicity and lower proliferative potential than CD90−. The localization of this marker around the embryo during decidualization led us to hypothesize that CD90+ cells may be directly involved in preparing the endometrial stroma for implantation. The results demonstrated an increase in the percentage of CD90+ cells in the endometrium of pregnant mice compared with nonpregnant mice. Additionally, the embryos exhibited a greater ability to spread on CD90+ cells in vitro. Our data support the hypothesis that CD90+ cells play a functional role in implantation, although the exact hormone-dependent mechanisms require further investigation. Based on the subluminal localization of CD90+ cells, we suggested that the luminal epithelium maintains a CD90+ cell surface phenotype. Consequently, we established epithelial–mesenchymal organoids, and the localization of CD90 in these organoids resembled that observed in vivo. Overall, CD90+ cells demonstrate high clonogenicity and contribute to the preparation of the stroma for interaction with the embryo during the implantation process.
Whose rights? Which representation?
Authors: Tattay Szilárd 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe legal conceptualisation of upcoming generations and their specific rights raises important theoretical issues and constitutes a special challenge to jurisprudence in general and legal philosophy in particular. Not even the most essential questions regarding the legal situation of unborn generations have been settled yet. Are future generations capable of being holders of rights? And if so, how can we conceptualise their rights? Can we use the conventional rights theories for that purpose? What does it mean and how is it possible to ‘represent’ the rights or interests of future generations? What kind of rights or interests can be attributed at all to not-yet-existing people? Can we identify the interests of future generations, and if so, how can we specify them? In this paper I will endeavour to address the questions raised above and make an attempt to offer an adequate conceptual framework for their analysis by merging two quite distinct theoretical discourses which are seldom combined: the legal theoretical discourse on the nature, scope and holders of rights, and the moral philosophical branch of the multifaceted discourse on intergenerational justice.
Brassinosteroids: an alternative to vine cultivation to enhance drought tolerance, in semiarid land at Chihuahua, Mexico
Authors: MARTÍNEZ-PÉREZ Miriam E. , RUÍZ -ANCHONDO Teresita de J. , JACOBO- CUÉLLAR Juan L. , PARRA- QUEZADA Rafael Á. , HERNÁNDEZ-OCHOA León R. 
Published: December 2024

Chihuahua is an internationally recognized state for its quality in the production of vines (Vitis vinifera), and wines. However, it is exposed to drought events and has presented economic and social problems due to the low availability of fresh water. The aquifers destined for intensive agriculture, such as Cuauhtémoc present the most pronounced deficit and they have been operating with deficits of −197 mm3 year-1. Chihuahua typically receives an average annual rainfall of 224.5 mm. These semiarid ecosystems, with water scarcity, are not suitable for viticulture unless supplementary irrigation is available. One alternative option is to apply brassinosteroids to enhance the response of antioxidant systems under drought stress. Although growers in Chihuahua use auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins as enhancers in the vine crop, the application of brassinosteroids (BRs) is not yet used, because there is poorly knowledge about their role and its activity involved in the yield and quality components of the vines and their antioxidant capacity. The brassinosteroids are successfully used to increase production, the size and weight of bunches and berries, to improve the color of grapes, to extend their postharvest life, and to increase the tolerance of plants to abiotic stress, specifically drought. Therefore, this review collects, analyses, and summarizes recently published information and highlights the importance of the properties of brassinosteroids as an antioxidant response in metabolism, fruit production, and quality, their postharvest action in vine cultivation, and recommends their safety use for grape-growing areas in Chihuahua, Mexico, and regions in the world that suffer from drought.
In vitro comparative evaluation of remineralizing potential of chicken eggshell paste and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on surface roughness of bleached enamel surface
Authors: Malaghan Akshata , NB Nagaveni 
Published: December 2024

: Eggshells are the rich sources of minerals since it contains calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, strontium and fluoride. Hence, it can be used as remineralizing agent.: To evaluate the effect of Chicken eggshell paste on surface roughness of bleached enamel surface in comparison with commercial CPP-ACP paste using Surface Profilometer.: Ninety six extracted permanent anterior teeth were decoronated at CEJ and embedded into self-cure acrylic with the labial enamel surface exposed. All samples were randomly divided into the following groups: Group A: No bleaching was done for samples. Group B: Bleaching was done by using 35% Hydrogen peroxide. Group C: Bleaching was done with 35% Hydrogen peroxide followed by application of CPP-ACP. Group D: Bleaching was done with 35% Hydrogen peroxide followed by application of Chicken Eggshell paste. All the samples including those of Group A were stored in artificial saliva at 37C. The baseline surface roughness were measured, followed by surface roughness and measurement of posttreatment done at the end of 2 weeks. Data was analyzed using Kruskal Wallis test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test.: Statistically significant differences were observed between the group B followed by bleaching which increased surface roughness values. There were no significant differences between both remineralizing agents used i.e, eggshell paste and CPP-ACP.Chicken eggshell paste can be used as an alternate to commercially available remineralizing agents.
Formação de Professores e EaD: Relato de Experiência Acerca da Formação Docente com Alunos na Educação a Distância
Authors: Cruz Paula Lorena Cavalcante Albano da , Medeiros Henrique Rocha 
Published: December 2024

O texto apresenta um relato de experiência sobre atividade desenvolvida acerca da formação de professores para alunos de licenciaturas da Educação à Distância. A atividade foi direcionada aos discentes das licenciaturas do Polo de Apoio Jundiaí, vinculada à Secretaria de Educação a Distância (SEDIS) da UFRN. Tem por objetivo discutir a importância de ações de (auto)formação de professores, tanto inicial como continuada, no âmbito da EaD, bem como compartilhar a experiência vivida por discentes e tutores do Polo Jundiaí, através da atividade desenvolvida. A atividade foi desenvolvida a partir dos pressupostos de (auto)formação participativa apresentados por Nóvoa (1999; 2009). Por fim, entende-se que a experiência apresentada traz contribuições significativas para a compreensão da formação docente de alunos em Educação a Distância, observando a importância de momentos formativos para professores, numa perspectiva (auto)formativa participativa na EaD.

Palavras-chave: Formação de professores. Educação a distância. (Auto)formação.