bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Milk Metabolome of Non-secretor and Lewis Negative Mothers
Authors: Wang Aidong , Koleva Petya , du Toit Elloise , Geddes Donna T. , Munblit Daniel , Prescott Susan L. , Eggesbø Merete , Johnson Christine C. , Wegienka Ganesa , Shimojo Naoki , Campbell Dianne , Kozyrskyj Anita L. , Slupsky Carolyn M. 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The functional role of milk for the developing neonate is an area of great interest, and a significant amount of research has been done. However, a lot of work remains to fully understand the complexities of milk, and the variations imposed through genetics. It has previously been shown that both secretor (Se) and Lewis blood type (Le) status impacts the human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk. While some studies have compared the non-HMO milk metabolome of Se+ and Se− women, none have reported on the non-HMO milk metabolome of Se− and Le– mothers.Method and Results: To determine the differences in the non-HMO milk metabolome between Se–Le– mothers and other HMO phenotypes (Se+Le+, Se+Le–, and Se–Le+), 10 milk samples from 10 lactating mothers were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Se or Le HMO phenotypes were assigned based on the presence and absence of 6 HMOs generated by the Se and Le genes. After classification, 58 milk metabolites were compared among the HMO phenotypes. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified clear separation between Se–Le– milk and the other milks. Fold change analysis demonstrated that the Se–Le– milk had major differences in free fatty acids, free amino acids, and metabolites related to energy metabolism.Conclusion: The results of this brief research report suggest that the milk metabolome of mothers with the Se–Le– phenotype differs in its non-HMO metabolite composition from mothers with other HMO phenotypes.
Intra-Individual Comparison of 18F-PSMA-1007 and 18F-FDG PET/CT in the Evaluation of Patients With Prostate Cancer
Authors: Zhou Xing , Li YingChun , Jiang Xiao , Wang XiaoXiong , Chen ShiRong , Shen TaiPeng , You JinHui , Lu Hao , Liao Hong , Li Zeng , Cheng ZhuZhong 
Published: February 2021

Purpose18F labelled PSMA-1007 presents promising results in detecting prostate cancer (PC), while some pitfalls exists meanwhile. An intra-individual comparison of 18F-FDG and 18F-PSMA-1007 in patients with prostate cancer were aimed to be performed in the present study. Then, the pitfalls of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in imaging of patients with prostate cancer were analyzed.Methods and Material21 prostate cancer patients underwent 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT as well as 18F-FDG PET/CT before treatment. All positive lesions were noticed in both 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT, then differentiated PC metastasis from benign lesions. the SUVmax, SUVmean and TBR of lesions, up to 10 metastases and 10 benign lesions per patients were recorded (5 for bone, 5 for soft tissue metastasis ). The distribution of positive lesions were analyzed for two imaging. Detection rates, SUVmax, SUVmean and TBR in 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT were compared, respectively. The optimal cut-off values of SUVmax, SUVmean for metastases vs. benign lesions was found through areas under ROC in 18F-PSMA-1007.ResultsThe detection rates of primary lesions in 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT was higher than that of 18F-FDG PET/CT(100% (21/21) vs. 67%(14/21)). For extra- prostatic lesions, 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT revealed 124 positive lesions, 49(49/124, 40%) attributed to a benign origin; 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed 68 positive lesions, 14(14/68, 21%) attributed to a benign origin. The SUVmax, SUVmean, TBR of primary tumor in 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT was higher than that in 18F-FDG PET/CT (15.20 vs. 4.20 for SUVmax; 8.70 vs. 2.80 for SUVmean; 24.92 vs. 4.82 for TBR, respectively); The SUVmax, SUVmean, TBR of metastases in 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT was higher than that in 18F-FDG PET/CT (10.72 vs. 4.42 for SUVmax; 6.67 vs. 2.59 for SUVmean; The TBR of metastases was 13.3 vs. 7.91). For 18F-FDG PET/CT, the SUVmax, SUVmean in metastases was higher than that in benign lesions (4.42 vs. 3.04 for SUVmax, 2.59 vs. 1.75 for SUVmean, respectively). Similarly, for 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT, the SUVmax, SUVmean in metastases was significantly higher than that in benign lesions(10.72 vs. 3.14 for SUVmax, 6.67 vs. 1.91 for SUVmean, respectively), ROC suggested that SUVmax=7.71, SUVmean=5.35 might be the optimal cut-off values for metastases vs. benign lesions.ConclusionThe pilot study suggested that 18F-PSMA-1007 showed superiority over 18F-FDG because its high detecting rate of PC lesions and excellent tumor uptake. While non-tumor uptake in 18F-PSMA-1007 may lead to misdiagnosis, recognizing these pitfalls and careful analysis can improve the accuracy of diagnosis.
Comprehensive Analysis of Prognostic and Immune Infiltrates for E2F Transcription Factors in Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Xu-Sheng , Gao Yan , Liu Chao , Chen Xue-Qin , Zhou Lu-Meng , Yang Jian-Wei , Kui Xue-Yan , Pei Zhi-Jun 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundE2F transcription factors (E2Fs) are a group of genes encoding a family of transcription factors in higher eukaryotes. They are involved in a variety of cellular functions and are up-regulated in many tissues and organs. However, the expression level, genetic variation, molecular mechanism, and biological function of different E2Fs in PAAD and its relationship with the prognosis and immune infiltration in patients with PAAD have not been fully elucidated.MethodsIn this study, we investigated the mRNA expression level, genetic variation, prognostic value and gene–gene interaction network of E2Fs in PAAD using the Oncomine, GEPIA, Kaplan Meier plotter, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, STRING and Metascape database. Then, the relationship between E2Fs expression and tumor immune invasion was studied by using the TIMER database. Finally, we confirmed the expression of E2Fs in PAAD by IHC.ResultsThe transcription levels of E2F1/3/5/8 are obviously up-regulated in PAAD and the high expression of E2F2/3/6/8 was apparently associated with the tumor stage of patients with PAAD. The abnormal expression of E2F1/2/3/4/5/7/8 in PAAD patients is related to the clinical outcome of PAAD patients. We also found that PAAD tissues have higher expression levels of E2F1/3/5/8 compared with adjacent normal tissues. The function of E2Fs and its neighboring genes is mainly related to the transcription initiation of the RNA polymerase II promoter. The functions of E2Fs and its neighboring proteins are mainly related to cell cycle, virus carcinogenesis, FoxO signaling pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway, transcriptional disorders in cancer and Wnt signaling pathway. We also found that the expression of E2Fs was significantly correlated with immune infiltrates, including B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells.ConclusionsOur study may provide new insights into the choice of immunotherapy targets and prognostic biomarkers in PAAD patients.
Hemicolectomy Does Not Provide Survival Benefit for Right-Sided Mucinous Colon Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Huang Jia , Huang Qiulin , Tang Rong , Chen Guodong , Zhang Yiwei , He Rongfang , Zu Xuyu , Fu Kai , Peng Xiuda , Xiao Shuai 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThe extent of bowel resection is widely debated in colon cancer surgery. Right hemicolectomy (RHC) and partial colectomy (PC) are the most common operation options for right-sided colon cancer (RCC). However, there are still no treatment guidelines or published studies to guide surgical options for mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC) of RCC.MethodsPatients with MAC and non-specific adenocarcinoma (AC) of RCC who underwent RHC and PC from 2010 to 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were retrieved. The general characteristics and survival were compared and analyzed.ResultsA total of 27,910 RCC patients were enrolled in this study, among them 3,413 were MAC. The results showed that race, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, perineural invasion (PNI), tumor size, tumor location, TNM stage, liver metastasis, chemotherapy were significantly different between MAC and AC groups. The MAC group had similar dissected lymph nodes, but more positive lymph nodes than the AC group. The overall survival (OS) of the MAC group was poorer than that of the AC group, but cancer-specific survival (CSS) was similar between the two groups. The RHC subgroup of the MAC group had more patients of age ≤60 years, larger tumor size, cecum/ascending colon location and dissected lymph nodes than the PC subgroup, but similar positive lymph nodes, perioperative mortality, OS and CSS as the PC subgroup. Moreover, the univariate and multivariable analyses for the survival of RCC patients with MAC showed that RHC might not be a superior predictor for OS and CSS compared with PC.ConclusionsRHC could not dissect more positive lymph nodes or provide long-term survival benefits for RCC patients with MAC compared with PC. This study could provide some evidence for surgery treatment selection for MAC of RCC, which has important clinical value in individual management of colon cancer patients.
The Role of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice
Authors: Sun Qin-Juan , Cai Ling-Yan , Jian Jie , Cui Ya-Lu , Huang Chen-Kai , Liu Shu-Qing , Lu Jin-Lai , Wang Wei , Zeng Xin , Zhong Lan 
Published: February 2021

Background and Aims: It’s reported that bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) played an important role in lipid and glucose metabolism, but the role of BMP9 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unclear. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of recombined BMP9 in NAFLD mice and investigated the potential mechanism.Methods: The effects of recombinant BMP9 on NAFLD were assessed in HFD-induced NAFLD mice. C57BL/6 mice were administrated with high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. In the last 4 weeks, mice were treated with PBS or recombined BMP9 once daily. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) at the end of the 12th week. Then NAFLD related indicators were assessed by a variety of biological methods, including histology, western blotting, real-time PCR, RNA-seq and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) analyses.Results: BMP9 reduced obesity, improved glucose metabolism, alleviated hepatic steatosis and decreased liver macrophages infiltration in HFD mice. RNA-seq showed that Cers6, Cidea, Fabp4 involved in lipid and glucose metabolism and Fos, Ccl2, Tlr1 involved in inflammatory response downregulated significantly after BMP9 treatment in HFD mouse liver. ATAC-seq showed that chromatin accessibility on promoters of Cers6, Fabp4, Ccl2 and Fos decreased after BMP9 treatment in HFD mouse liver. KEGG pathway analysis of dysregulated genes in RNA-seq and integration of RNA-seq and ATAC-seq showed that TNF signaling pathway and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway decreased in BMP9 treated HFD mouse liver.Conclusion: Our data revealed that BMP9 might alleviate NAFLD via improving glucose and lipid metabolism, decreasing inflammatory response and reshaping chromatin accessibility in HFD mouse liver. BMP9 downregulate genes related to lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism and inflammation expression, at least partially via decreasing promoter chromatin accessibility of Cers6, Fabp4, Fos and Tlr1. BMP9 may also reduce the expression of liver Ccl2, thereby changing the number or composition of liver macrophages, and ultimately reducing liver inflammation. The effect of BMP9 on NAFLD might be all-round, and not limit to lipid and glucose metabolism. Therefore, the underlying mechanism needs to be studied in detail further.
Safety of Dabigatran as an Anticoagulant: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhou Ya , Yao Zhihao , Zhu Linjie , Tang Yong , Chen Jie , Wu Jianming 
Published: February 2021

Background: Dabigatran is a univalent low-molecular-weight direct thrombin inhibitor which was developed as an alternative to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). However, the safety of dabigatran remains controversial so far. In this study, we aimed to compare the risk of bleeding, fatal adverse events, and the all-cause mortality of dabigatran with those of the control group by a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, Wanfang database, Clinical trial, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Chinese Scientific Journal database (VIP), and Chinese Biological Medicine database (CBM), for clinical trials on conventional treatments compared with dabigatran, published between January 2014 and July 2020. The reported outcomes, including the endpoints of primary safety, were systematically investigated.Results: Seven RCTs (n = 10,743) were included in the present systematic review. Compared to the control groups, dabigatran was not associated with an increased risk of major bleeding (relative risk [RR] 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.61 to 1.21, p = 0.06), intracranial hemorrhage (RR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.58 to 1.36, p = 0.41), fatal adverse reactions (RR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.65 to 1.17, p = 0.66), all-cause mortality (RR 0.88, 95% CI: 0.70 to 1.11, p = 0.45, I2 = 0%), and significantly reduced risk of clinically relevant non-major bleeding (RR 0.96, 95% CI: 0.65 to 1.42, p = 0.0007). However, dabigatran is associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding (RR 1.78, 95% CI: 1.02 to 3.13, p = 0.05).Conclusion: Dabigatran has a favorable safety profile in terms of major bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, and life-threatening events, among other safety outcomes. The present study suggested that dabigatran may be a suitable alternative to VKAs as an oral anticoagulant. However, more data are necessary to clarify the incidence of other adverse events and serious adverse reactions.
Experimental Nuclear Astrophysics With the Light Elements Li, Be and B: A Review
Authors: Rapisarda G.G. , Lamia L. , Caciolli A. , Li Chengbo , Degl’Innocenti S. , Depalo R. , Palmerini S. , Pizzone R.G. , Romano S. , Spitaleri C. , Tognelli E. , Wen Qungang 
Published: February 2021

Light elements offer a unique opportunity for studying several astrophysical scenarios from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis to stellar physics. Understanding the stellar abundances of light elements is key to obtaining information on internal stellar structures and mixing phenomena in different evolutionary phases, such as the pre-main-sequence, main-sequence or red-giant branch. In such a case, light elements, i.e., lithium, beryllium and boron, are usually burnt at temperatures of the order of 2–5 × 106 K. Consequently, the astrophysical S(E)-factor and the reaction rate of the nuclear reactions responsible for the burning of such elements must be measured and evaluated at ultra-low energies (between 0 and 10 keV). The Trojan Horse Method (THM) is an experimental technique that allows us to perform this kind of measurements avoiding uncertainties due to the extrapolation and electron screening effects on direct data. A long Trojan Horse Method research program has been devoted to the measurement of light element burning cross sections at astrophysical energies. In addition, dedicated direct measurements have been performed using both in-beam spectroscopy and the activation technique. In this review we will report the details of these experimental measurements and the results in terms of S(E)-factor, reaction rate and electron screening potential. A comparison between astrophysical reaction rates evaluated here and the literature will also be given.
Does Loneliness Have a Cost? A Population-Wide Study of the Association Between Loneliness and Healthcare Expenditure
Authors: Meisters Rachelle , Westra Daan , Putrik Polina , Bosma Hans , Ruwaard Dirk , Jansen Maria 
Published: February 2021

Objectives: Loneliness has been associated with unhealthy behavior, poorer health, and increased morbidity. However, the costs of loneliness are poorly understood.Methods: Multiple sources were combined into a dataset containing a nationally representative sample (n = 341,376) of Dutch adults (18+). The association between loneliness and total, general practitioner (GP), specialized, pharmaceutical, and mental healthcare expenditure was tested using Poisson and Zero-inflated negative binomial models, controlling for numerous potential confounders (i.e., demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle-related factors, self-perceived health, and psychological distress), for four age groups.Results: Controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle-related factors, loneliness was indirectly (via poorer health) associated with higher expenditure in all categories. In fully adjusted models, it showed a direct association with higher expenditure for GP and mental healthcare (0.5 and 11.1%, respectively). The association with mental healthcare expenditure was stronger in younger than in older adults (for ages 19–40, the contribution of loneliness represented 61.8% of the overall association).Conclusion: Loneliness contributes to health expenditure both directly and indirectly, particularly in younger age groups. This implies a strong financial imperative to address this issue.
Synthesis of relatively small-diameter tungsten ditelluride nanowires from solution-grown tungsten oxide nanowires
Authors: Yomogida Yohei , Nagano Mai , Hamasaki Hiromu , Hirahara Kaori , Miyata Yasumitsu , Yanagi Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Tungsten ditelluride (WTe2) is a semi-metallic transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC). WTe2 has attracted a lot of interest for topological properties and various applications such as batteries. In this study, we developed a method to obtain WTe2 nanowires from solution-grown tungsten oxide nanowires. By optimizing the supply of Te vapor, which strongly influences sample composition and structure, and using small-diameter solution-grown nanowires as precursors, we finally synthesized relatively small-diameter WTe2 nanowires with diameters of 15–50 nm. Interestingly, nanowire structures are mainly obtained via tellurization, but when sulfurization and selenization are applied on the same precursors, nanotube structures are obtained. We assume that the volume increase via chalogenization is a key parameter that determines the formation of nanotubes and nanowires.
Superhydrophobic and superoleophobic property enhancement on guard ring micro-patterned PDMS with simple flame treatment
Authors: Atthi Nithi , Sripumkhai Witsaroot , Pattamang Pattaraluck , Thongsook Oraphan , Meananeatra Rattanawan , Saengdee Pawasuth , Ranron Norabadee , Pankong Krynnaras , Uahchinkul Warinrampai , Radomyos Suphichaya , Srihapat Arckom , Supadech Jakrapong , Klunngien Nipapan , Jeamsaksiri Wutthinan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Effects of new micro-structure design, a flame treatment process, and the addition of semifluorinated silane (SFS) on an improvement of superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity of PDMS surfaces were investigated in this study. PDMS and PDMS-SFS surfaces with the special design of circular rings and eight stripe supporters (C-RESS) with a hexagonal guard ring (HGR) structure were found to be the most durable which maintained their superhydrophobicity after scratch tests. The flame treatment at 700 °C/15 s formed a unique nanoscale flower-like on the PDMS-SFS surface. A formation of re-entrant micro-structure on the C-RESS with the HGR structure exhibited superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity with water and ethylene glycol contact angles of 160.5° ± 2.0° and 160.2° ± 6.6°, respectively. The addition of the SFS was found to increase surface roughness and decrease surface energy. In conclusion, the flame-treated C-RESS with the HGR structure on the PDMS-SFS surface is considered one of the promising antifouling approaches in several applications.
Time-resolved mid-infrared photoluminescence from highly strained InAs/InGaAs quantum wells grown on InP substrates
Authors: Sumikura Hisashi , Sato Tomonari , Shinya Akihiko , Notomi Masaya 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We measured time-resolved mid-infrared photoluminescence (PL) from highly strained InAs/InGaAs quantum wells (QWs) grown on InP substrates with a wavelength up-conversion technique. The InAs QWs at 4 K exhibit a narrow PL peaked at a wavelength of 2.125 μm and a PL lifetime as long as 1.1 ns, which supports high homogeneity of the QW thickness and few defects. As the pump fluence increases, a fast PL decay appears within the first 200 ps due to Auger recombination. The temperature dependence of the PL intensity and PL decay reveals interfacial nonradiative trap states in the QWs.
Near miss na atenção primária í saúde e a segurança do paciente
Authors: Celestino Amaro Meire Augusta , Schveitzer Mariana Cabral , Bohomol Elena 
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Identificar as evidências sobre os incidentes near miss em serviços de atenção primária í saúde. Método: Revisão integrativa de literatura a partir de artigos primários publicados em sete bases de dados. Utilizou-se os descritores "near miss", "atenção primária í saúde" e "gestão da segurança" sem limitações quanto ao ano de publicação e idiomas. Resultados: Os tipos de incidentes near miss notificados com maior frequência estavam relacionados a erros de medicação, com variação entre 6,2% e 96%, e o processo de prescrição foi o mais recorrente. Os profissionais de saúde foram os responsáveis por interceptar entre 66% a 83% dos incidentes. Conclusão: A notificação de incidentes near miss deve ser incentivada e incorporada nas práticas gerenciais. Conhecer precocemente os erros e seu potencial de dano possibilita ações de melhorias para segurança do paciente.
Pengaruh Kemandirian Dan Dukungan Orangtua Pada Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi 
Published: February 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 bukan saja memporakporandakan Indonesia akan tetapi hampir sebagian besar kehidupan umat manusia di seluruh dunia. Pembelajaran secara daring dan bekerja dari rumah dalam rangka pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Kemandirian dan Dukungan Orang Tua pada Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa. Tulisan ini didasarkan dari Penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan populasi seluruh siswa MTsN 7 Jakarta Timur yang berjumlah 617 siswa, Jumlah sampel penelitian merujuk pada tabel Isaac Michael dengan signifikansi 5% sebanyak 221 siswa, menggunakan teknik Proportional random sampling. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan menggunakan instrumen yang valid dan reliabel. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi ganda. Disimpukan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh kemandirian pembelajaran jarak jauh terhadap prestasi belajar siswa, terdapat pengaruh dukungan orang tua pada pembelajaran jarak jauh terhadap prestasi belajar, terdapat pengaruh kemandirian dan dukungan orang tua pada pembelajaran jarak jauh secara simultan terhadap prestasi belajar.Kata Kunci: Kemandirian, Dukungan Orang Tua, Prestasi Belajar, Pandemi Covid-19