bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expert Judgement geeft crisisteam continu inzicht in effectiviteit van maatregelen
Authors: Vreugdenhil Hanneke , Kolen Bas , Nieuwenhuis Martin , van der Doef Marcel , van der Lingen Jan , de Rond André , Zethof Marit , van Hoek Mattijn 
Published: March 2021

Expert Judgement gives crisisteam continuous insight in the effectivity of measures
Crisis teams from waterauthorities want to have insight into the current risks for the area. The ‘Continuous insight’-method is used by them to monitor the risks of drought and high water and to draw up what-if scenarios for training and exercise. Various cases have now shown that Expert Judgement can be used to gain a clearer picture of the effectiveness of measures and to take a more balanced decision. The Expert Judgement method has been tested and applied by a group of international experts as part of the EU project DRIVER +. During an extreme situation, the crisis team may encounter dilemmas. The engaged group of experts follows a fixed procedure to provide advice to reduce flood risk evacuate to prevent loss of life.Each expert makes his own assessment of the effect and impact of the measure envisaged. Each expert provides an explanation of the individual assessment. Then, under the guidance of a process supervisor, the experts discuss individual assessments and exchange arguments. This can lead to new insights. Each expert makes his own assessment again. The result is a probability distribution of estimates and an expected value. This expert assessment of the measure is taken to the crisis team, so that the chance of success and the assessment of the consequences of the proposed measure can be adjusted. The crisis team can take the decision immediately afterwards.By following this procedure risk information is made visible. By linking expert knowledge with observations, a better substantiated expectation can be drawn up. According to the participants in the international meetings, the Expert Judgement method in combination with ‘Continuous insight’ helps to make better informed and faster choices. The method fits within the existing crisis management structure. The next step is to implement this method in the day-to-day affairs of crisis management.
Ubicación de revistas científicas en cuartiles según SJR
Authors: Marín Velásquez Tomás , Arriojas Tocuyo Dany Day Josefina 
Published: March 2021

Se analiza el sistema de cuartiles para la clasificación de revistas científicas, mediante clasificación estadística multivariante, utilizando datos de la página oficial de Scopus en 2019. Se tomó una muestra de 5740 registros y se extrajeron cuatro indicadores (CiteScore, Porcentaje de citaciones, SJR y Percentil) además del cuartil de ubicación (Q). El comportamiento de los indicadores se analizó mediante estadística descriptiva por cuartil, además de la clasificación mediante Análisis Discriminante y Redes Neuronales Artificiales. El cuartil con mayor dispersión de indicadores fue Q1 y el cuartil con indicadores más homogéneos fue el Q4. El Análisis Discriminante arrojó 97,82% de cuartiles correctamente clasificados y 97,23% con RNA. Existen revistas que no se ajustan al cuartil donde se encuentra, de acuerdo a la estadística multivariante. Se observó que el factor más influyente en la clasificación es el Percentil y no los indicadores de impacto.
The quartile system for the classification of scientific journals is analyzed, through multivariate statistical classification, using data from the official Scopus website in 2019. A sample of 5740 records was taken and four indicators were extracted (CiteScore, Citation Percentage, SJR and Percentile) in addition to the location quartile (Q). The behavior of the indicators was analyzed through descriptive statistics by quartile, in addition to classification through Discriminant Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks. The quartile with the highest indicator dispersion was Q1 and the quartile with the most homogeneous indicators was Q4. Discriminant Analysis showed 97.82% of correctly classified quartiles and 97.23% with RNA. There are magazines that do not adjust to the quartile where it is, according to multivariate statistics. It was observed that the most influential factor in the classification is the Percentile and not the impact indicators.
O sistema quartil para a classificação de periódicos científicos é analisado, através da classificação estatística multivariada, usando dados do site oficial Scopus em 2019. Uma amostra de 5740 registros foi retirada e quatro indicadores foram extraídos (CiteScore, Citation Percentage, SJR e Percentile), além do quartil de localização (Q). O comportamento dos indicadores foi analisado utilizando estatísticas descritivas por quartil, além da classificação por Análise Discriminatória e Redes Neurais Artificiais. O quartil com maior dispersão de indicadores foi o Q1 e o quartil com os indicadores mais homogêneos foi o Q4. A Análise Discriminatória mostrou 97,82% dos quartis corretamente classificados e 97,23% com ANN. Há periódicos que não se ajustam ao quartil onde é encontrado, de acordo com as estatísticas multivariadas. Foi observado que o fator mais influente na classificação é o Percentil e não os indicadores de impacto.
L’engagement : lieu d’expression des valeurs chez les jeunes
Authors: Royer Chantal 
Published: March 2021

Cet article porte sur le sens que des jeunes donnent à l’engagement et les manières dont cet engagement prend forme, ou non, dans leur vie. Il présente les résultats d’une analyse secondaire réalisée de manière inductive à partir des données de deux enquêtes qualitatives sur les valeurs des jeunes. L’échantillon compte 70 participants âgés de 14 à 25 ans rencontrés dans le cadre d’entretiens individuels menés dans la période allant de 2003 à 2010; les propos de 59 d’entre eux ont été retenus aux fins de l’analyse. Les résultats contribuent à mettre en lumière le sens et l’importance de l’engagement pour les jeunes, les formes de leur engagement, ainsi que des profils de jeunes engagés et celui d’autres jeunes qui le sont moins. L’engagement des jeunes varie selon ce qui semble important à leurs yeux et cela va de leur propre vie à un intérêt avéré, voire une attirance, pour de grandes causes sociales. Par ailleurs, si l’engagement ne se dessine pas comme une valeur en tant que telle, il apparaît néanmoins comme un lieu où s’expriment des valeurs, dont celles associées à l’entraide, comme pressenti, mais aussi à la famille, à l’amitié, aux études et au travail, des dimensions de la vie des jeunes qui orientent leur engagement. En fin d’analyse, des pistes sont envisagées pour favoriser l’engagement chez les jeunes.
D’une révolution avortée à une autre? Les politiques québécoises en nanotechnologies et en IA au prisme de l’économie de la promesse
Authors: Colleret Maxime , Khelfaoui Mahdi 
Published: March 2021

Cet article analyse les politiques du gouvernement du Québec en matière de nanotechnologies au début des années 2000 et d’intelligence artificielle (IA) à partir du milieu des années 2010. La comparaison entre l’engouement passé pour les nanotechnologies et celui présent pour l’IA permet de faire ressortir plusieurs similitudes entre les actions publiques mises en place pour faire émerger et développer ces deux technologies dites « de pointe ». Dans les deux cas, nous montrons sous l’angle de l’économie de la promesse comment différentes parties prenantes construisent et font la promotion d’un futur technologique et économique jugé inéluctable afin de s’adjoindre des soutiens politiques, s’assurer une approbation sociale plus large de leurs projets et, surtout, capter d’importantes ressources financières et matérielles publiques, essentielles pour établir une activité industrielle et commerciale. Le cas des nanotechnologies, pour lequel nous avons désormais plus de recul, permet d’évaluer l’écart entre les promesses initiales et ce qui est réellement advenu. Il fournit également des pistes de réflexion pour aborder de façon critique le soutien gouvernemental actuel accordé à l’IA et les discours portant sur ses retombées économiques futures au Québec.
Proactive Cost Management Model for Building Projects
Authors: Gandu Yusuf Joe , Musa-Haddary Yakubu Gimson , Zaki Yakubu Micheal 
Published: March 2021

Aim: Scholars are persistent in calling for proactive management of construction characteristics. Lack of a feasible model continues to daunt the cost objective in the sector. A framework was developed to guide this process of developing a feasible one. This research complements the recommendation aimed at developing a proactive cost management model for building projects.
Study Design: a set of prototyped residential building design was obtained and bill of quantities prepared. Historical cost data collated through secondary sources for ten years was used to generate unit rates and elemental cost history of the prototyped design. The cost of the prototype design was estimated forty times and the yearly incremental or growth rate of each element computed.
Study Area: Relevant data was collated in Nigeria. Cost data was extracted from the market research reports of the Nigerian Institute of Quantity Surveyor’s quarterly publications.
Methodology: the research is underpinned on three constructs that, with best practice, proper knowledge management and predictions the proactive cost management can be attained. Geometric mean was used to compute the cost growth rates and a mathematical forecasting model using incremental rate principle developed. Best Practice Modules and Lessons Learned Mechanism subsystems were also created.
Results: The three subsystems synthesised into the desired proactive cost management model predicts the likelihood of flawed activity and the culpability of associated stakeholder. The mathematical model forecast true cost growth of building elements at various milestone for possible contingency plan. There’s no significant difference between estimates and forecast values generated by the model, and the strength of the linear relationship is strong at 0.929571.
Conclusion: This is a feasible tool for stakeholders’ proactive cost management. Stakeholders in building contracts can use the model from inception to finish. Project can better be managed and cost efficacy assured.
Sampling Local‐Scale Parameters in High‐Dimensional Regression Models
Authors: Bhattacharya Anirban , Johndrow James E. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A popular prior choice for Bayesian analysis of high‐dimensional regression models is the global–local family of Gaussian scale‐mixture priors. These priors can be seen as alternatives to the more classical spike and slab or “two group” priors that have some advantages in terms of model specification and computation while retaining many of the nice theoretical properties of the spike and slab priors. In this article, we consider computation for the linear model using local–global priors via blocked Gibbs sampling, which is currently the default choice for computation when the number of covariates exceeds the sample size. We focus in particular on the sampling of the local scales within a blocked Gibbs scheme. Our aim is to convey some challenges in implementation for the high‐dimensional setting and the various algorithmic innovations that we have employed to overcome them. These innovations convey the subtlety and delicacy of Bayesian computation for high‐dimensional, sparse models that rarely occur in lower dimensional problems and suggest problems that may be lurking within many implementations of MCMC for these models that can be nontrivial to detect. We focus on the horseshoe prior, which is the most popular and well characterized of the global–local priors, though we expect that many of our conclusions apply to other global–local priors.
Brain dysfunction in COVID‐19 and CAR‐T therapy: cytokine storm‐associated encephalopathy
Authors: Pensato Umberto , Muccioli Lorenzo , Cani Ilaria , Janigro Damir , Zinzani Pier Luigi , Guarino Maria , Cortelli Pietro , Bisulli Francesca 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveMany neurological manifestations are associated with COVID‐19, including a distinct form of encephalopathy related to cytokine storm, the acute systemic inflammatory syndrome present in a subgroup of COVID‐19 patients. Cytokine storm is also associated with immune effector cell‐associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), a complication of chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell (CAR‐T) therapy, a highly effective treatment for refractory hematological malignancies. We investigated whether COVID‐19‐related encephalopathy, ICANS, and other encephalopathies associated with cytokine storm, share clinical and investigative findings.MethodsNarrative literature review.ResultsComparisons between COVID‐19‐related encephalopathy and ICANS revealed several overlapping features. Clinically, these included dysexecutive syndrome, language disturbances, akinetic mutism and delirium. EEG showed a prevalence of frontal abnormalities. Brain MRI was often unrevealing. CSF elevated cytokine levels have been reported. A direct correlation between cytokine storm intensity and severity of neurological manifestations has been shown for both conditions. Clinical recovery occurred spontaneously or following immunotherapies in most of the patients. Similar clinical and investigative features were also reported in other encephalopathies associated with cytokine storm, such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, sepsis, and febrile infection‐associated encephalopathies.InterpretationCOVID‐19‐related encephalopathy and ICANS are characterized by a predominant electro‐clinical frontal lobe dysfunction and share several features with other encephalopathies associated with cytokine storm, which may represent the common denominator of a clinical spectrum of neurological disorders. Therefore, we propose a unifying definition of cytokine storm‐associated encephalopathy (CySE), and its diagnostic criteria.
Synthetic Approaches to Halogen Bonded Ternary Cocrystals
Authors: Jain Harsh , Sutradhar Dipankar , Roy Sourav , Desiraju Gautam R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHigher cocrystal synthesis depends acutely on a knowledge of supramolecular synthons. We report three synthetic approaches towards ternary halogen bonded cocrystals that illustrate specificity and generality. Electrophilicity/nucleophilicity differences are needed among alternative sites of halogen bond formation. The two halogen bonds A⋅⋅⋅B and B⋅⋅⋅C in a halogen bonded ternary cocrystal ABC need to be of different strength. Interaction mimicry of hydrogen bonds by halogen bonds is a viable approach towards ternaries as illustrated with the pyrene structure. Finally, the crystal engineer should well be able to anticipate halogen bonds that are stronger than hydrogen bonds.
Copper‐Photocatalyzed Hydroboration of Alkynes and Alkenes
Authors: Zhong Mingbing , Gagné Yohann , Hope Taylor O. , Pannecoucke Xavier , Frenette Mathieu , Jubault Philippe , Poisson Thomas 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe photocatalytic hydroboration of alkenes and alkynes is reported. The use of newly‐designed copper photocatalysts with B2Pin2 permits the formation a boryl radical, which is used for hydroboration of a large panel of alkenes and alkynes. The hydroborated products were isolated in high yields, with excellent diastereoselectivities and a high functional group tolerance under mild conditions. The hydroboration reactions were developed under continuous flow conditions to demonstrate their synthetic utility. The reaction mechanism was studied and suggested an oxidation reaction between an in situ formed borate and the Cu‐photocatalyst in its excited state for the boryl radical formation.
Discovery and Biosynthesis of a Structurally Dynamic Antibacterial Diterpenoid
Authors: Zhu Chenxi , Xu Baofu , Adpressa Donovon A. , Rudolf Jeffrey D. , Loesgen Sandra 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA new bicyclic diterpenoid, benditerpenoic acid, was isolated from soil‐dwelling Streptomyces sp. (CL12‐4). We sequenced the bacterial genome, identified the responsible biosynthetic gene cluster, verified the function of the terpene synthase, and heterologously produced the core diterpene. Comparative bioinformatics indicated this Streptomyces strain is phylogenetically unique and possesses nine terpene synthases. The absolute configurations of the new trans‐fused bicyclo[8.4.0]tetradecanes were achieved by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including Mosher's analysis, J‐based coupling analysis, and computations based on sparse NMR‐derived experimental restraints. Interestingly, benditerpenoic acid exists in two distinct ring‐flipped bicyclic conformations with a rotational barrier of ≈16 kcal mol−1 in solution. The diterpenes exhibit moderate antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive bacteria including methicillin and multi‐drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This is a rare example of an eunicellane‐type diterpenoid from bacteria and the first identification of a diterpene synthase and biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for the construction of the eunicellane scaffold.
Craniofacial developmental concepts in dynamic osteotomies and the Nautilus technique: A procedure created in Brazil for the treatment of craniosynostosis
Authors: dos Santos Silva Alessandra , Cardim Vera Lúcia Nocchi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCraniofacial development is the major focus of attention in surgical treatments for craniosynostosis. Growth rate, size, shape, and proportion of soft tissue and bone structures of the skull and face are determinant factors in the establishment of the vital functions of swallowing and breathing, as well as in the aesthetic balance of facial features, so important for the patient's psychological identity. This manuscript revisits the concept of craniosynostosis and reviews the major biological and anatomical factors that come into play in the developmental process of craniofacial structures, especially during infancy and early childhood. It also describes the Nautilus surgical technique, a corrective procedure created and implemented in Brazil in 2011—how it was created and how it has evolved: as we look back into the past 10 years, we shed light onto what was learned, on our contributions to improve treatments over time, and on how much we still have to discover in this fascinating area.
Development and validation of an LC–MS/MS method for relevant drugs in epilepsy patients using dried blood spots
Authors: Möller Ines , Held Kathrin , Klimpel Dennis , Nadulski Thomas , Dufaux Bertin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEpilepsy is one of the most common diseases of the central nervous system globally. To ensure the correct dosage of antiepileptic treatment, it is helpful to check the blood levels of the administered substances regularly. The analysis of the capillary dried blood samples provides a promising and less‐invasive alternative to venous blood collection. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to develop an LC–MS method for the quantification of 22 commonly used drugs in patients with an epileptic syndrome and 5 drug metabolites in one dried blood spot (DBS). The calibration ranges were selected in such a way that the therapeutic reference ranges in serum for the respective substances were completely covered. The analytical validation was successfully performed according to relevant guidelines with a consideration of requirements for DBS analysis. Proof of concept of the developed method was obtained by the analysis of DBSs from 282 authentic leftover ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid blood samples, which were compared with the corresponding serum concentrations. Altogether, the results show a dependency on the blood/plasma (b/p) ratios of the respective analytes so that for drugs with b/p ratios close to one, for example, lacosamide, levetiracetam, brivaracetam, and sertraline, a good accordance was observed.
HPLC/HR‐MS‐Based Metabolite Profiling and Chemometrics: A Powerful Approach to Identify Bioactive Compounds from Abarema cochliacarpos
Authors: de S. Farias Caroline , Dias de Cerqueira Martins , Colepicolo Pio , Zambotti‐Villela Leonardo , Fernandez Luzimar G. , Ribeiro Paulo R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDespite its importance as a medicinal plant, there is a lack of studies that assessed the chemical composition of A. cochliacarpos extracts. Herein, we used a metabolite profiling approach and chemometrics as a powerful strategy to correlate the chemical composition with the antioxidant activity of A. cochliacarpos extracts. Extracts obtained with ethyl acetate showed greater antioxidant activity and higher total phenolic content than extracts obtained with hexane. The chemical composition was assessed by HPLC/HR‐MS and it encompassed fatty alcohols, terpenoids, phenolic derivatives, lipids, carotenoid‐like compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, polyketides, and glycerophospholipids. Chemometrics successfully differentiated not only the chemical composition of extracts in response to the nature of the extraction solvent and the botanical part used during extraction but also it allowed us to associate the chemical composition with the antioxidant activity of the extracts, which might be particularly helpful for drug discovery and development programs.
A Mutation‐Based Method for Pinpointing a DNA N6‐Methyladenine Methyltransferase Modification Site at Single Base Resolution
Authors: Cheng Mohan , Shu Xiao , Cao Jie , Gao Minsong , Xiang Siying , Wang Fengqin , Wang Yizhen , Liu Jianzhao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDNA N6‐methyladenine (6mA) has recently received notable attention due to an increased finding of its functional roles in higher eukaryotes. Here we report an enzyme‐assisted chemical labeling method to pinpoint the DNA 6mA methyltransferase (MTase) substrate modification site at single base resolution. A designed allyl‐substituted MTase cofactor was applied in the catalytic transfer reaction, and the allyl group was installed to the N6‐position of adenine within a specific DNA sequence to form N6‐allyladenine (6aA). The iodination of 6aA allyl group induced the formation of 1, N6‐cyclized adenine which caused mutations during DNA replication by a polymerase. Thus the modification site could be precisely detected by a mutation signal. We synthesized 6aA deoxynucleoside and deoxynucleotide model compounds and a 6aA‐containing DNA probe, and screened nine DNA polymerases to define an optimal system capable of detecting the substrate modification site of a DNA 6mA MTase at single‐base resolution.