bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Landscape Political Ecology: Rural-Urban Pattern of COVID-19 in Nigeria
Authors: Nwankwo Cletus Famous , Ayadiuno Romanus U. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe socio-ecological and political properties of rural and urban landscapes have been argued to produce the differentials in rural-urban health. However, the mechanism of the COVID-19 pattern in this socio-political-ecological perspective has not been understood in Africa. The study used spatial techniques to explore the pattern of urbanization-COVID-19 nexus in Nigeria. It has been argued that three elements (demographic dynamics, infrastructure or governance) typify the socio-political-ecological landscape of urban places. They shape the spread of infectious diseases. We explored the extent to which these factors predict the COVID-19 pattern in Nigeria. The study used data from Nigeria’s Centre for Diseases Control and the National Bureau of Statistics. The results indicate that more urban states in Nigeria tend to have higher COVID-19 cases than rural states. The COVID-19 pattern is best predicted by population dynamics more than other elements. The result indicates demographic attributes are more critical to surges in COVID-19 cases in Nigeria. Places with higher populations and densities will tend to have more spread of the virus than places with lesser populations and densities. Therefore, in a future outbreak, places of high densities should be given more attention to prevent further spread.
A new phenanthrene derivative from Entada abyssinica with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties
Authors: Magnibou Larissa M. , Leutcha Peron B. , Tchegnitegni Billy T. , Wouamba Steven C. N. , Magne Cyrille Y. F. F. , Yaya Abel J. G. , Kopa Theodora , Tagatsing Maurice F. , Tombozara Nantenaina , Meli Alain L. , Henoumont Celine , Laurent Sophie , Talla Emmanuel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Entada abyssinica Steud. Ex A. Rich (Leguminosae) is a medicinal plant used traditionally for the treatment of infections. A phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of E. abyssinica root bark led to the isolation of a new phenanthrene derivative named phenentada (1), together with seven known compounds (8 S, 13 E)-kolavic acid 15-methyl ester (2) and 8 S-kolavic acid 15-methyl ester (3) obtained as mixture, 8 S-kolavic acid 15-methyl ester (3), 8 S-kolavic acid 18-methyl ester (4), 13,14,15,16-tetranorclerod-3-ene-12,18-dioic acid (5), 1′,26′-bis-[(S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl] hexacosanedioate (6), campesterol (7) and 3-O-β
-d-glucopyranosylstigmasterol (8). Their structures were determined by NMR spectroscopy (1D and 2D), mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) and by comparison with previously reported data. The crude extract and some isolated compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activities by the microdilution method while, the antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH methods. Regarding the antimicrobial activity, the crude extract showed significant inhibitory activities against bacteria strains (MIC 7.81–31.3 μg mL−1) and yeasts (MIC 15.6–31.3 μg mL−1) whereas all compounds tested exhibited significant activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis. Moreover, compounds 4, 5 and 6 and the mixture 2/3 showed significant antimicrobial activity on Candida parapsilosis strain (MIC = 3.12 μg mL−1), as well as selected antifungal property against candida pathogenic fungi strains. On the other hand, compounds (1) demonstrated the best bioactivities against Candida albicans and Salmonella enterica with MIC = 3.12 μg mL−1 while the mixture 2/3 appeared to have the highest inhibition on gram (+) bacteria strain S. epidermidis with MIC of 0.78 μg mL−1 and compound 5 (MIC = 1.56 μg mL−1) against the gram (−) bacteria strain. Furthermore, the SC50 values measured by the antioxidant test for all samples varied between 47.21 and 52.44 μg mL−1 for DPPH. These results support the traditional uses of E. abyssinica in the management of several diseases including the claim in the skin disease treatment. Additionally, here is reported the first time isolation of a phenanthrene derivative in the Fabaceae family to the best of our knowledge.
UoC-6: a first MOF based on a perfluorinated trimesate ligand
Authors: Krautwurst John , Lamann Rainer , Ruschewitz Uwe 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Reaction of Sc(NO3)3·5H2O with K(H2
pF-BTC) – the monopotassium salt of perfluorinated trimesic acid – led to the formation of single crystals of

[

Sc

(

p
F
−
BTC

)

(

H
2

O

)

3

]

∞
1

⋅
4

H
2

O

${}_{\infty }{}^{1}\left[\text{Sc}\left(pF-\text{BTC}\right){\left({\text{H}}_{2}\text{O}\right)}_{3}\right]\cdot 4{\text{H}}_{2}\text{O}$

(

P

1
‾

$P&#x203e;{1}$

, Z = 2). DTA/TGA measurements revealed that all water molecules were released below 200 °C. Using powder synchrotron radiation diffraction data, the crystal structure of the residue of the dehydration was elucidated and the results confirmed the formula

[

Sc

(

p
F
−
BTC

)

]

∞
3

${}_{\infty }{}^{3}\left[\text{Sc}\left(pF-\text{BTC}\right)\right]$

(Fddd, Z = 16). The compound is similar, but not isostructural to the recently published UoC-4 (I41/amd, Z = 8; UoC: University of Cologne) with a difluorinated trimesate (dF-BTC3–) as connecting linker. Both compounds can be classified as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) consisting of a 3D network of Sc3+ nodes connected by the fluorinated trimesate ligands. They contain small pores, but their opening windows are too small for any guest molecules to pass. Remarkably, UoC-4 with a lower symmetric ligand (dF-BTC3–) crystallizes in a higher symmetry space group (I41/amd) than UoC-6 (Fddd). This can be rationalized by increasing torsion angles of the carboxylate moieties in the pF-BTC3– ligand.
Evaluation Research on the Crane Failure Prediction based on Machine Learning
Authors: Yan Wang , Lu HouJun , Choong Chun Sern 
Published: October 2021

It is difficult to spot failures in port machinery and equipment, and maintaining such systems is even more complex. Maintenance such modifications in a reasonable time is a tough challenge since each change might have an endless number of test cases run. It's critical to have a risk assessment of the impact of such maintenance fixes. In the software engineering community, there has been a considerable amount of study on failure prediction. Regrettably, there is little evidence of their application in day-to-day software development in port machinery and equipment. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised machine learning (k-means clustering) method for categorising cranes for maintenance and use a machine learning pipeline to solve the classification of crane failure data. The crane's maintenance decision data demonstrates the method's effectiveness. It was demonstrated that the Linear Support Vector Machine could give a superior classification accuracy of crane maintenance prediction with a 100 percent accuracy in train set and 94.5 percent accuracy in test set.
Hybrid Identity Development in the Biggest Cities of Lithuania: The Case of Russian Youth
Authors: Kubiliūtė Skirmantė 
Published: October 2021

This article aims to investigate the development of ethnic identity. The main focus of the study is the young generation of Russian minority living in Lithuania’s biggest cities – Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. The hypothesis of this study is based on previous research and tends to examine whether the younger generation of Russians have difficulties identifying themselves as members of a specific ethnic group and/or have hybrid ethnic identity. In order to collect the necessary data, qualitative and quantitative methods were used. The main age group of this study was youngsters aged from were 15 to 29 y.o. There were also a control group of older Russians aged from 45 to 60 y.o. The latter group was selected in order to compare the data. The study has shown that around 20 percent of all young participants have double or hybrid ethnic identity. The majority of them identified with two ethnic groups and described themselves as Russian-Lithuanians. Almost half of the young participants had certain doubts in categorizing themselves as members of a particular ethnic group. Even more, around a tenth of all the participants avoided assigning themselves to any ethnic group and defined themselves as “humans”, “Europeans” or “world citizens”. Certain differences between the three cities have been observed as well. Both older and younger Russians from Klaipėda and Vilnius have stronger bonds with their ethnic group and language comparing to Russians from Kaunas. Therefore, the processes of assimilation in this city are more prominent that hybridization. This study has revealed not only the latest tendencies of identity development within Russian minority group, but also numerous different factors that might influence these trends. Complex processes of self-identification as well as the formation of hybrid ethnic identity in young individuals might be caused by globalization, active migration of people, rapid spread of information, multilingualism.
Selection of Calabrian strains of Saccharomyces sensu stricto for red wines
Authors: Caridi A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPhenolic compounds provide important quality attributes to red wines interacting with the organoleptic impact of wines. Yeast mannoproteins can interact with grape phenolic compounds, responsible for colour and antioxidant activity of wines. The aim of this work was to perform oenological characterisation and specific selection of Calabrian strains ofSaccharomyces sensu stricto. Among the considered traits, the aptitude of the yeast to preserve grape pigments and colour intensity was included. Among the best six yeast strains – Sc2731, Sc2742, Sc2756, Sc2773, Sc2774, and Sc2823 – strain Sc2742 exhibits the highest Folin–Ciocalteu index and strain Sc2774 the highest colour intensity. These two selected yeasts may be used as starter for the production of red wines in order to preserve grape pigments and colour intensity.
A brachytherapia szerepe az ajak-szájüregi daganatok kuratív ellátásában
Authors: Ferenczi Örs , Major Tibor , Takácsi-Nagy Zoltán 
Published: October 2021

Összefoglaló. A szájüregi daganatok kuratív kezelésében az
elsődlegesen választandó műtét mellett a sugárterápiának is jelentős szerepe
van. A lokális tumormentesség biztosításához azonban dóziseszkaláció szükséges.
Ennek külső besugárzással való megvalósítása a környező normálszövetek
fölösleges dózisterhelésével és az ebből következő mellékhatások előfordulásának
emelkedésével jár. A brachytherapia (BT) – amelynek során radioaktív
sugárforrást/sugárforrásokat juttatunk a tumorba vagy annak közelébe – lehetővé
teszi a helyileg magasabb dózis leadását a környező ép szövetek kímélésével. A
BT a korai, T1–2N0 stádiumú szájüregi tumoroknál – kedvező prognosztikai
faktorok mellett – akár kizárólagosan vagy mint posztoperatíve egyedül
alkalmazott terápiás modalitás jön szóba. Kedvezőtlenebb prognózis esetén vagy
előrehaladottabb stádiumban (T3–4 vagy N+) a műtétet és/vagy a percutan
irradiációt kiegészítő eljárásként alkalmazható kedvező sugárfizikai
tulajdonságai miatt. A kis dózisteljesítményű (low-dose-rate, LDR) BT-t már
évtizedek óta alkalmazzák a terápiában, de ezt kezdi kiszorítani a nagy
dózisteljesítményű (high-dose-rate, HDR), illetve a pulzáló dózisteljesítményű
(pulse-dose-rate, PDR) BT. A jelen áttekintő tanulmány célja irodalmi adatok
alapján a BT szerepének és indikációjának ismertetése a szájüregi daganatok
kuratív kezelésében, alrégiókra lebontva. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(37):
1471–1479.
Summary. Radiation therapy plays a significant role in the curative
treatment of oral cavity tumors, in addition to the primary choice of surgery.
However, dose escalation is required to ensure local tumor control. Its
implementation with external irradiation is accompanied by an unnecessary dose
exposure to the surrounding normal tissues and an increase in the incidence of
consequent side effects. Brachytherapy (BT), in which a radiation source/sources
is/are placed inside or close to the tumor, allows a higher dose to be delivered
locally, sparing the surrounding intact tissues. In addition to favorable
prognostic factors in early T1–2N0 stage oral cavity tumors, BT is considered
either exclusively or as a sole postoperative therapeutic modality. At less
favorable prognosis or at a more advanced stage (T3–4 or N+), BT can be used as
a complementary procedure after surgery and/or percutaneous irradiation based on
its favorable radio-physical properties. Low-dose-rate (LDR) BT has been used in
the therapy for decades, but recently it has been replaced by high-dose-rate
(HDR) and pulse-dose-rate (PDR) BT. The purpose of this review is to describe
the role and indications of BT in the treatment of oral cavity tumors
categorized into subregions, based on the literature data. Orv Hetil. 2021;
162(37): 1471–1479.
Hikikomori: a COVID–19-járvány egy lehetséges mentálhigiénés következménye
Authors: Herold Márton , Herold Róbert , Csuta Cintia , Tényi Tamás 
Published: October 2021

Összefoglaló. A COVID–19-járvány kényszerű tartós szociális
távolságtartást idézett elő az emberek között, ami az egyéb mentális
rendellenességek és mentálhigiénés következmények mellett egy sajátos
pszichiátriai jelenségre, a hikikomori állapotra hívja fel a figyelmet. A
hikikomori tartós és szélsőséges szociális visszahúzódással járó jelenség,
melynek kidolgozott kritériumrendszere egyelőre még nem található meg a mentális
rendellenességeket osztályozó diagnosztikus kézikönyvekben. Kialakulásának
pontos mechanizmusáról még keveset tudunk, de az állapot megjelenése és az
internet térnyerése között egyes szerzők szoros kapcsolatot látnak. Klasszikusan
az egyén egy társadalmi szempontból megalázó vagy előnytelenül alakuló helyzet
következtében vonul vissza fokozatosan egy önként vállalt izolációba. Bár a
külvilág nem teljesen érdektelen számukra, azonban a retraumatizáció elkerülése
érdekében leginkább online követik a világ történéseit és tartanak kapcsolatot
másokkal. A COVID–19-pandémia – különösen a lezárások következményeként előtérbe
kerülő online életvitelhez kötődően – jelentős mértékben hozzájárult az internet
térnyeréséhez, miközben a valós társas kapcsolatok kényszerűen beszűkültek. Ez a
konstelláció jelentős kockázati tényezőnek tekinthető a hikikomori
szempontjából, amely hosszú távon a világjárvány egyik nem várt szövődménye
lehet, különösen az adolescens és a fiatal felnőtt korosztályban. Orv Hetil.
2021; 162(41): 1637–1642.
Summary. The COVID-19 pandemic forced prolonged social distancing
between people. This, among other mental disorders and mental health
consequences, highlights a specific psychiatric phenomenon: the hikikomori
condition. The hikikomori is a phenomenon of persistent and extreme social
withdrawal. The condition’s established diagnostic set of criteria is not yet to
be found in diagnostic manuals classifying mental disorders. Little is known
about the exact mechanism of its development, but some authors see a close link
between its emergence and the rise of the internet. Typically, the individual
gradually withdraws into a voluntary isolation as a result of a socially
humiliating or unfavourable situation. Although the outside world is not
completely irrelevant to them, they tend to follow online the events of the
world and they also keep in touch with others mostly online in order to avoid
retraumatization. The COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in relation to the rise of
online lifestyles as a consequence of lockdowns, has contributed significantly
to the more and more frequent use of the internet, while real social contact has
been inevitably reduced. This constellation can be seen as a major risk factor
for hikikomori, which in the long term could be an unanticipated complication of
the pandemic, especially in adolescents and young adults. Orv Hetil. 2021;
162(41): 1637–1642.
The value of the plate mechanical properties in a case of thoracoplasty at the congenital pectus excavatum
Authors: Dihtiar Valerii , Kaminska Marianna , Karpinsky Mykhaylo , Karpinska Olena 
Published: October 2021

Surgical treatment of a congenital pectus excavatum (CPE) includes using of a plate that holds the correct anatomical shape of the chest for a long time. Before implanting the plate behind a sternum, it is bent so that after correcting the deformation, it reproduces shape of the ribs on both sides and fits close to them. Displacement and rotation are the most frequent complications after plate implantation. Therefore, mechanical properties of the plate, such as: strength, ability to withstand the load during surgery and in the long term period — is one of the main guarantees to obtain the good result. Objective. To study the mechanical properties of the plate which is used for thoracoplasty at CPE under conditions comparable to real loads in order to gain maximal correction. Methods. Experimental bending tests were performed on 5 standard plates of 2.5 mm thick, 13 mm width and 200 mm length, made from titanium Ti6–AL4–V (according to ISO 5832-3). All plates were bent with a special surgical instrument according to the anatomical shape of a chest, using method of surgery by D. Nuss. All plates supports were placed on a distance from the fixing screws. The force of bending load was applied to the middle of the plate, gradually increasing from 150 to 600 H with a step 50 H. At each value of the loading we measured the height of the plate edge elevation. Results. Under load conditions of 600 H, the elevation of a plate edge did not exceed 3 mm and was equal to (2700 ± 177) μcm. In a case of twice lower loads (300 H), value of lifting edge of the plate decreased in three times and was (700 ± 85) μcm. Changes that happened under loading were the same for all five types of the plate. Conclusions. It is proved that the plates can fully withstand corrective loads with a minimal deformation after thoracoplasty. The discrepancy bet­ween the plate shape in the lateral parts to the restored thorax is caused by the changing of configuration of the last one and increasing in the anteroposterior size. Key words. Plate, mechanical pro­perties, thoracoplasty.
MRI analysis of ACL tendon graft Intracanal Incorporation with polypropylene mesh implantation
Authors: Golovakha Maxim , Shevelyov Oleksiy , Bondarenko Stanislav , Pertsov Volodymyr 
Published: October 2021

Hamstring tendon graft remains one of the most popular for ACL reconstruction (ACLR). However, its disadvantage is long term ligamentation process and intracanal incorporation and delayed rehabilitation. One of the methods for stimulation of connective tissue growth is the implantation of polypropylene mesh (PPM), which are widely used in hernioplasty. Objective. To compare the MRI data dynamics of intracanal incorporation of tendon graft with implantation of PPM in bone canals. Methods. For evaluation of graft reconstruction in the femoral and tibial canals we used criteria based on the analysis of MRI images in PD FS and STIR sequences: the nature of the signal from the graft in the center of bone canal; general view of the graft; the nature of the MRI signal from the tissues around the graft on the tendons-bone border; the pre­sence of synovial fluid in the canals and bone edema around them. Results of MRI of 75 patients who underwent «all-inside» ACLR with semitendinosus graft were analyzed. In the study group (40 patients) were compared to control group (35 patients) additionally implanted PPM around the ends of the tendon graft. Results. Intracanal graft incorporation in the group of patients with implantation of PPM occurred faster. The nature of the signal from the center of the bone canal and on the bone-tendon border progressed significantly faster in all observed terms. In the research group there was not presence of synovial fluid in the canals along the graft. Conclusions. Implantation of PPM around the ends of the ACL tendon autograft immersed in bone canals, leads, according to MRI data, to faster intra-canal incorporation. Key words. Knee joint, anterior cruciate ligament, arthroscopy.
Composting of solid waste from the coffee milling process using trench composting and a bioreactor with the help of efficient microorganisms in the Libre University, Socorro headquarters
Authors: Patiño Casallas Cristhian David , Blanco Ayala Daniel Camilo , Ortiz Villota Maria Teresita 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The present article is the product of the research “¿Use and management of organic waste from the Majavita farm, Universidad Libre, Socorro Headquarters (Santander)?" carried out during 2017 and 2018 in Socorro, Santander.
Problem: Currently the Libre University, offers to solid waste coming from the benefit of the coffee a management in a trench compost system to prevent contamination that is caused for it poor disposal; this does not imply the production of an optimum product that shall have the standards of quality of a suitable compost.
Objective: Propose an alternative to operate the compost process under suitable conditions of the process variables; it is expected that would allow waste to compost more efficiently and in less time.
Methodology: This article compares the effectiveness of composting production in a traditional trench system against a semi-closed bioreactor system, and the cost-benefit of implement this proposed system.
Results: To guarantee the result by showing the improvement of the process; is necessary to follow and compare the behavior of the process variables in each kind of composters, such as temperature, moisture and ph.
Conclusion: This project seeks to propose a viable alternative for the treatment of the solid waste of the productive process of the coffee.
Originality: This research, seeks to improve the process of compost in the Majavita Farm.
Limitations: The time used to the farm to compost the solid waste using a traditional system.
The effect of horizontal and vertical dimensions of the interproximal space on the existence of interdental papillae – A clinical study
Authors: B Ashwath , P Kavitha , Rekha M Jeeva 
Published: October 2021

The aim of the present study was to determine the existence of inter dental papilla according to the vertical dimension, horizontal dimension and the combined effects of the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the interproximal space on the existence of interdental papilla.182 interdental sites of 42 periodontitis patients undergoing open flap debridement were included in the study. The existence of interdental papilla was determined based on the Papilla Presence Index (PPI). The vertical dimension (VD) was measured from the alveolar crest to the contact point using UNC-15 probe. Horizontal dimension (HD) was measured from the mesial surface of the distal tooth and the distal surface of the mesial tooth at the level of the alveolar crest using castroviejocaliper. Statistical analysis was done by using independent ‘t’ test, Pearson’s Chi-square test and Trend Chi-square test.The existence of papilla was significantly higher in VD ≤ 5mm (91.5%) compared to VD &#62; 5mm (9.8%) [p&#60; 0.0001]. The existence of papilla was significantly higher in HD &#60; 2mm (97%) compared to HD ≥ 2mm (1.2%) [p&#60; 0.0001]. The contribution of both vertical dimension and horizontal dimension to the existence of papilla was about 61.6% and thus the existence of papilla may be influenced by various other factors (about 38.4%) which were not included in this study.The vertical and horizontal dimensions of the interproximal space gains significance in determining the existence of papilla and further research is needed to analyze the other factors influencing the papilla.