bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Hormonal Imbalance Among Namibian Women
Authors: Mungongolo Petrina Venaokatili , Kouame Koffi , Aboua Yapo Guillaume 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Infertility is a complex disorder with significant medical, psychosocial and economic aspects recognized as a public health issue. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of hormonal imbalance in Namibian women.Methods: This was a retrospective study, analysing female hormonal data from 2015 to 2019 after obtaining ethical approval from the Namibia University of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Health and Social Services and the Namibia Institute of Pathology. The medical dada received from NIP were acquired from women aged 16 to 60 years from different hospital wards nationwide.Results: Results indicated a high prevalence (21.1 %) of hormonal imbalance among Namibian women. An average of 47% of the patients experienced critically high or low thyroid hormone values. The prevalence of imbalanced reproductive hormones was 21.1% of which approximately 20% was contributed by progesterone.Conclusion: Based on the statistical analysis it can be concluded that the prevalence of hormonal imbalance in Namibian women is significantly high and alarming. The general population of Namibian women have a high risk in developing conditions linked to hormonal imbalance. To better understand the implications of these results further studies should be conducted.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Treatment and Prognosis of AMI in Urban and Rural Areas in Developing Country
Authors: Lu Yuan , Chen Lei , Li Chengzong , Yang Yu , Wang Zhirong , Chen Minglong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background COVID-19 continues to spread globally, this study is the first to explore the impact of COVID-19 on the treatment and prognosis of rural and urban acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in developing country.Methods A total of 128 patients with AMI in our hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic (January 25, 2020-March 24, 2020) were enrolled. As a control group, a total of 197 patients diagnosed with AMI from November 25, 2019 to January 24, 2020 were selected. A total of 1 year of follow-up was performed. In addition to basic clinical data, this study focused on the treatment time, Killip class and hospital stay, the event of interest was defined as MACE (all-cause death, reinfarction, new congestive heart failure).Results Compared with Before COVID-19 group, the proportion of killip class≥2 was significantly higher in During COVID-19 group in AMI Total. In Rural AMI, hospital stay and the proportion of killip class≥2 were increased in During COVID-19 group. In STEMI Total and Rural STEMI, the treatment time in During COVID-19 group was longer than that in Before COVID-19 group, while only S to D Total and D to B were extended in Urban STEMI. The proportion of Invasive treatment time within 24 hours in NSTEMI patients was obviously lowered in During COVID-19 group. In AMI Total and Rural AMI, MACE and all-cause mortality were increased in During COVID-19 group compared with Before COVID-19 group. Through Kaplan-Meier analysis, it was found that the survival and the occurrences of MACE in AMI Total and Rural AMI were significantly higher in During COVID-19 group.Conclusion COVID-19 pandemic can lead to delayed treatment and worse prognosis in AMI patients, and rural areas seem to be more worrying.
Combined Analysis of ceRNA Regulatory Network and DNA Methylation in CAD
Authors: Zhao Yue , Wang Chen , Li Wangxia , Jin Bingyu , Xiang Yang , Liang Bin , Zhang Xiaokang , Lu Zhibing , Zheng Fang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe mobidity and mortality of coronary artery disease (CAD) is increasing year by year. Hence it is urgent to probe into the molecular mechanism of CAD and seek new therapeutic strategies. The purpose of our study was to screen genes associated with the development of CAD by using bioinformatics tools and clinical samples. MethodsMicroarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database of peripheral blood cells (PBLs) were chosen for this study, and candidate differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) were screened using the limma and weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) packages in R (v4.0). Subsequently, we construct a competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network and perform enrichment analysis of genes in the network. Meanwhile, differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in PBLs were identified using the "ChAMP" package in a DNA methylation chip. We then constructed the methylation-associated ceRNA network in CAD. Eventually, the methylation levels of genes and the relationship with the expression of genes in ceRNA were validated in PBLs samples using the Illumina Methylation 850K chip and transcriptome sequencing, while gene expressions were verified by qRT-PCR. And the regulation of DNA methylation on gene expression was verified in the THP-1 cells treated with 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA). ResultsA total of 71 differentially expressed miRNAs were screened by both WGCNA and limma. Then the ceRNA network in CAD was constructed with 269 nodes and 705 edges, which were significantly enriched in the chemokine-mediated signaling pathway and so on. Furthermore, from 4354 identified DMGs in a methylation data, 34 methylation-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1 differentially expressed lncRNA (DEL) were obtained. After verification of methylation experiments in study population A, three genes were found to have altered methylation consistent with the bioinformatics results. And these genes were correlated in terms of methylation and expression levels. Corresponding with the bioinformatics results, qRT-PCR results in validation set B also showed that the expression of AGPAT4 and FAM169A were significantly lower in CAD. In addition, 5-AZA treatment could increase the expression of AGPAT4 and FAM169A in THP-1 cells. ConclusionsOur study deepens the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CAD and provides new ideas for its treatment.
A Novel Defined Pyroptosis-Related Gene Prognostic Index for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Li xuexiang , Song Yarong , Liu Bing , Chen Liang , Lu dingheng , Li Yunxue , Cheng Lulin , Lyu Fang , Zhang Pu , xing yifei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), a common pathological subtype of renal cancer with high aggressiveness, has been reported to be associated with chronic inflammation. Pyroptosis, a newly discovered inflammatory form of programmed cell death, can aggravate the inflammatory response. However, the influence of pyroptosis-related genes on ccRCC patient outcomes is yet unknown.Methods: In this study, 43 differentially expressed pyroptosis-related hub genes were identified by analysing The Cancer Genome Atlas–Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma dataset. The risk-score model was selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression and Cox multivariate methods, and all patients were divided into two risk subgroups based on the risk score. Prognostic value of the risk-score model was verified through survival curve, receiver operating characteristic curve and risk curve. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes analyses suggested that the differentially expressed genes between the two subgroups were enriched in immune-mediated categories. Furthermore, the relationship between the risk-score model and ESTIMATE immune score and immunophenoscore was analysed. Finally, Nomogram was constructed based on the results of cox regression analyses. Results: The training cohort and the validation cohort enrolled 346 and 148 ccRCC patients respectively. The risk-score model was constructed by two genes (AIM2 and GSDMB). The area under curve of the ROC curve in two cohorts were both greater than 0.6. The grade and risk score were selected as independent factors and used to construct a nomogram to predict ccRCC patients' survival rate with the c-index of 0.68. Moreover, high-risk score subgroup was associated with a higher immune score and a lower percentage of PBRM1 mutations. The risk score was positively related to the degree of immune infiltration of CD8+ T, T follicular helper, gamma delta T, and regulatory T cells, and patients with a higher risk score were more likely to benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Conclusion: The risk-score model based on pyroptosis-related genes constructed in our study is a promising biomarker to predict the prognosis, molecular and immune characteristics, and immune benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in ccRCC patients.
Significance of Early Acidosis In Predicting Early Mortality Among Flame Burned Patients In A Kenyan National Hospital
Authors: Mackutwa Edward Nandi , Khainga Stanley Ominde , Ndung'u James Muturi , Anangwe Charles Okwemba 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Burn pathophysiology, fluid therapy and mortality have been assessed by various laboratory parameters including lactate and base deficit serum markers. This study targeted flame injured cohort with an objective to determine the significance of early acidosis, through measurement of three acid base indices at admission in predicting 5-day (early) mortality among the flame burned patients.Methodology: A cohort study. Eighty flame injured patients presenting within 24 hours of incident were assessed for arterial blood pH, lactate and base deficit (BD). Mortality was recorded until day 28. Receiver operating characteristics curves were drawn; area under curve, cut offs, sensitivities and specificities for BD, lactate and pH were determined for 5-day mortality. The cut offs were used to derive contingency tables for calculation of predictive values. Odds ratios were calculated at 95% confidence interval. 28 day survival curve was generated. Level of significance was <0.05.Results: 28-day mortality was 39%. Five-day mortality was 24%. The latter was predicted by a lactate level of 2.36 mmol/L, BD of -10.05 mmol/L and pH of 7.344 with 75%,74% and 95% sensitivities respectively. Odds of patients dying at these levels or worse were 6.3, 11.4 and 36.9 respectively all with significant p-values.Conclusion: Arterial pH, base deficit and lactate are good predictors of 5-day mortality among fire victims.
Visual Functional Defects in Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Questionnaire Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ge Yimeng , Chai Sanbao , Wan Yu , Xia Huaqin , Dong Ruilan , Hou Qingyi , Ren Xiaotong , Yuan Hao , Yang Jiarui , Li Xuemin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose To determine the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on visual functions, identify different modifiers as risk or protective factors, and find out how these factors affect patients’ visual symptoms and vision-related quality of life as a whole. Methods We performed an online survey among 1242 participants (400 patients, 842 non-patients). Demographic features and severity of disease were documented, while visual functions were evaluated using National Eye Institute Visual Functioning questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25). Independent t-test, analysis of variance, linear and non-linear regression models were used to assess all data. Results Scores other than color vision among T2DM patients were significantly lower compared with non-T2DM participants. There was significant difference after stratification of age and education, but no significant difference between different genders was observed. Parameters including duration of T2DM, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) negatively impacted on the scores, with 20 years’ of diabetic duration, 10mmol/L of FPG, 7.5% of HbA1c being potential cut-off points. Poorer best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy were risk factors, while they simultaneously produced mediation effect, contributing 5%-78% of effect in the deterioration of visual functions caused by longer diabetic duration and higher blood glucose. Conclusion Significant visual impairments and faster deterioration in visual functions were seen in T2DM patients, with older age, lower educational level, longer diabetic duration, poorer blood glucose administration, limited BCVA, and the presence of diabetic retinopathy identified as risk factors. Average BCVA and diabetic retinopathy also yielded mediation effect as diabetic duration lengthened and blood glucose elevated.
Videolaringoscopy Beyond Conventional Endotracheal Intubation in HEMS: A Real Flight Simulation
Authors: Facchetti Gianluca , Gyra Aglaia , Angeletti Chiara , Masedu Francesco , Molineris Enrico , Franchi Dario , Introzzi Lorenzo , Lucchelli Matteo , Molesi Andrea , Marinangeli Franco , Bucci† Valter 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn pre-hospital setting, airway management may be required during hems transportation, when patients deteriorate while en route. Our primary objective was to assess whether in-flight indirect laryngoscopy in frontal right-lateral sitting position (FP) of the operator, is such effective as traditional indirect laryngoscopy methods onshore, considering, also, the association of success rate with influencing flight factors (flying, devices, position, comfort VAS, Lumen VAS). MethodsThis observational prospective study, aimed to estimate the success rate of in-flight FP indirect laryngoscopy intubation. The study conducted on an AW 169 helicopter (©Leonardo Company, Italy) equipped with transversal stretcher, during steady flight. Indirect laryngoscopy devices (GlideScope Ranger and AirTraq) were used on a HAL® manikin (Accurate, Gaumard® Scientific Company,Inc) with cervical collar. ResultsAll of the FP intubations with both devices were successful after two attempts maximum. The mean time for intubation was slightly greater using the Glide Scope Ranger (mean 45.4±32.2”) compared to AirTraq (mean 34.8±26.7”). ConclusionsBoth AirTraq and GlideScope Ranger used in in-flight FP guarantee a comparable level of effectiveness to traditional onshore method with 100% successful rate of intubation, Airtraq seems not been affected by Lumen, indicating that in this specific contest it guarantees a high visualisation regardless the light conditions. On the other hand, the FP results effective using AirTraq in both conditions.
Onset of universality in the dynamical mixing of a pure state
Authors: Carrera-Núñez M. , Martínez-Argüello A. M. , Torres J. M. , Torres-Herrera E. J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We study the time dynamics of random density matrices generated by evolving the same pure state using a Gaussian orthogonal ensemble (GOE) of Hamiltonians. We show that the spectral statistics of the resulting mixed state is well described by random matrix theory (RMT) and undergoes a crossover from the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble to the Gaussian unitary ensemble (GUE) for short and large times, respectively. Using a semi-analytical treatment relying on a power series of the density matrix as a function of time, we find that the crossover occurs in a characteristic time that scales as the inverse of the dimension. The RMT results are contrasted with a paradigmatic model of many-body localization in the chaotic regime, where the GUE statistics is reached at large times, while for short times the statistics strongly depends on the peculiarity of the considered subspace.
Influence of Alexithymia on Somatic Complaints among Japanese Adolescents: A survey research
Authors: Tannaka Ayumi , Umezawa Akio 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

The purpose of this study is to examine alexithymic tendencies in Japanese adolescents (aged 12–20) and their effects on somatic complaints.
Methods

Participants were Japanese adolescents (n = 2,759). Alexithymic tendencies were assessed by the Alexithymia Scale for Adolescents (ASA), and somatic complaints by the Somatic Complaint List (SCL).
Results

The following results were obtained. 1) ASA total scores remained at a high level from early to late adolescence. 2) Among the ASA subfactors, difficulty identifying feelings (DIF) and difficulty describing feelings (DDF), increased during adolescence, whereas externally oriented thinking (EOT) decreased; as a result, the ASA total scores remained high. 3) DIF significantly affected somatic complaints among adolescents irrespective of their academic year and gender. 4) DDF only had an effect of increasing somatic complaints in junior high and high school-aged male participants, and this effect disappeared as respondents’ age grew and they were university students. This shows that the effect of alexithymic tendencies on somatic complaints changed with age.
Conclusion

Compared to the results of previous studies, the results of this study showed that alexithymic tendencies among Japanese adolescents are consistently high. The study further revealed that the increasing somatic complaints were consistently influenced by DIF.
Up-regulating Lipin1 Attenuates High Glucose-Induced Apoptosis in RSC96 cells Through Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics
Authors: SUN Wenjia , ZHUANG Xianghua , YU Shuyan , Liu Wei , XU Min , XIE Guangai , Li Haizhen , Chen Shihong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy, one of the major complications resulting from diabetes, affects diabetic patients with high morbidity and mortality. It has emerged as a severe public health problem. However, its underlying pathogenesis and effective treatment strategies have not been fully studied. In the present study, we explored the role of lipin1 on mitochondrial function of Schwann cells under diabetic conditions. With high glucose stimulation or lipin1 down-regulation, the cell viability of Schwann cells was inhibited,accompanied with mitochondrial dysfunction and morphological abnormality. Besides, we found that high glucose stimulation or lipin1 silencing also disturbed the balance of mitochondrial dynamics, presented as increased levels of mitochondrial fission-related proteins (including DRP1 and FIS1) and decreased levels of mitochondrial fusion-related proteins (including MFN1 and OPA1). Furthermore, we demonstrated that up-regulating lipin1 ameliorated high glucose-induced disorder of mitochondrial dynamics and functions, and ultimately improved cell viability. Our results suggest that lipin1 may play a protective role on high glucose-stimulated Schwann cells through regulating the balance of mitochondrial dynamics.
Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis of Insole Pressure Sensor Data to Diagnose Vestibular System Disorders
Authors: Günaydın Batuhan , İkizoğlu Serhat 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The vestibular system (VS) is a sensory system that has a vital function in human life by serving to maintain balance. In this study, multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MFDFA) is applied to insole pressure sensor data collected from subjects in order to extract features to identify diseases related to VS dysfunction. We use the multifractal spectrum width as the feature to distinguish between healthy and diseased people. It is observed that multifractal behavior is more dominant and thus the spectrum is wider for healthy subjects, where we explain the reason as the long-range correlations of the small and large fluctuations of the time series for this group. We directly process the instantaneous pressure values to extract features in contrast to studies in the literature where gait analysis is based on investigation of gait dynamics (stride time, stance time, etc.) requiring long gait cycles. Thus, as the main innovation of this work, we detrend the data to give meaningful information even for a relatively short-duration gait cycle. Extracted feature set was input to fundamental classification algorithms where the Support-Vector-Machine (SVM) performed best with an accuracy of 98.2% for the binary classification as healthy or suffering. This study is a substantial part of a big project where we finally aim to identify the specific VS disease that causes balance disorder and also determine the stage of the disease, if any. Within this scope, the achieved performance gives high motivation to work more deeply on the issue.
The Human Impact of Commercial Delivery Cycling Injuries: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sarkies Mitchell N , Hemmert Cameron , Pang Yu Chen , Shiner Christine , McDonell Karon , Mitchell Rebecca , Lystad Reidar , Novy Michael , Christie Lauren 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Commercial delivery cyclists represent a uniquely vulnerable and poorly understood road user. The aim of this study was to determine whether cyclists could be categorised as commercial or non-commercial from routine medical records and which key demographic, incident and injury characteristics could be identified and attributed to each category.Methods: Retrospective cohort study of adults presenting to an acute public hospital emergency department between May 2019 and April 2020 after sustaining a cycling-related injury. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the demographic, incident, and injury characteristics associated with commercial compared to non-commercial cycling.Results: Of the 368 people presenting to the emergency department with a cycling-related injury, we were able to categorise 43 (11.7%) as commercial delivery cyclists, 153 (41.6%) as non-commercial cyclists, and the working status of 172 (46.7%) was unable to be confirmed. Both commercial and unconfirmed cyclists were more likely to be younger than non-commercial cyclists. Compared to non-commercial cyclists, commercial cyclists were 11 times more likely to speak a language other than English (AOR 11.3; 95% CI 4.07-31.30; p<0.001), less likely to be injured from non-collision incidents than vehicle collisions (AOR 0.36; 95% CI 0.15-0.91; p=0.030), and were over 13 times more likely to present to the emergency department between 8.00pm and 12.00am compared to the early morning hours (12.00am to 8.00am) (AOR 13.43; 95% CI 2.20-82.10; p=0.005).Conclusions: The growth of commercial cycling, particularly through online food delivery services, has raised concern regarding commercial cyclist safety. Ongoing surveillance of commercial cyclist injuries is needed to establish the extent and risk factors associated with commercial cycling.
Effect of Bio-Additives and Kinetic Studies of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae on High Purity Alcohol Production Suitable for Medicinal Use
Authors: Masi Chandran , D Jenila Rani , N Partha Sarathy , Rajkumar Johanna 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Alcohol is an indispensable ingredient in medicinal preparations like cough syrup, antiseptic, antidote, disinfectant, etc. In the present study, the alcohol production using Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) and its growth kinetics were investigated in presence of the following bio-additives: Liquozyromol (plant extract), Avena sativa (oats), and Cicer arietinum (Bengal gram). The yeast’s specific growth rate and generation time for fermentation during alcohol production were determined to be 1.35 h-1 and 1.57 h-1 respectively. The Optimal concentration of Avena sativa (oats), Cicer arietinum (Bengal gram), and Liquozyromol for alcohol production were determined to be 8.6 g/l, 8.9 g/l, and 9.8 g/l respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the introduction of Cicer arietinum (Bengal gram) and Avena sativa (oats) had a minuscule impact on the alcohol quantity produced, while it increased considerably in presence of Liquozyromol. Also, the rate of fermentation decreased and volatile acidity was affected in presence of additives. Thus, the use of Liquozyromol as an additive greatly reduces the effect of secondary metabolites thereby increasing the quantity and the quantity of ethanol produced.