bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A few symmetry results for nonlinear elliptic PDE on noncompact manifolds
Authors: Ge Yuxin , Almeida Luıs , Damascelli Lucio 
Published: July 2002

We prove some symmetry theorems for positive solutions of elliptic equations in some noncompact manifolds, which generalize and extend symmetry results known in the case of the euclidean space

ℝ^{n}

. The (variational) technique that we use relies on Sobolev inequalities available for manifolds together with the well known method of moving planes. In the particular case of the standard

n

-dimensional hyperbolic space

ℍ^{n}

we get the radial symmetry of positive solutions of the equation

- \Delta ℝ^{n}u = f\left(u\right)

in

ℍ^{n}

, which tend to zero at infinity (or belong to the Sobolev space

H^{1}\left(ℍ^{n}\right)

in some cases), under different hypotheses on the relationship between the behavior of the nonlinearity

f

in a neighborhood of zero and the summability properties of the solution. One of the main features of this work is to single out and study the connection between the geometric properties of the manifold considered and the growth conditions on the nonlinearity in order to have our symmetry results.

Résumé

Nous démontrons quelques résultats de symétrie pour des solutions positives de certaines équations différentielles partielles sur des variétés – ce sont des généralisations de résultats qui étaient déjà connus dans le cas des espaces euclidien,

ℝ^{n}

. La technique variationnelle est basée sur des inégalités de Sobolev dans le cadre des variétés, combinées avec une adaptation de la méthode traditionnelle de “moving planes” à notre situation. En particulier, dans le cas de l'espace hyperbolique à

n

dimensions,

ℍ^{n}

, nous démontrons la symétrie radiale des solutions positives de

−Δu=f(u)

dans

ℍ^{n}

, qui tendent vers zéro à l'infini (ou, dans certains cas, appartiennent à l'espace de Sobolev

H^{1}\left(ℍ^{n}\right)

).

Un des intérêts majeurs de ce travail réside dans les relations mises en évidence entre certaines caractéristiques de nature géométrique de la variété domaine et les propriétés de nature analytique (taux de croissance) des non linéarités admissibles.
Uniform (projective) hyperbolicity or no hyperbolicity: A dichotomy for generic conservative maps
Authors: Bochi Jairo , Viana Marcelo 
Published: July 2002

We show that the Lyapunov exponents of volume preserving

C^1

diffeomorphisms of a compact manifold are continuous at a given diffeomorphism if and only if the Oseledets splitting is either dominated or trivial. It follows that for a

C^1

-residual subset of volume preserving diffeomorphisms the Oseledets splitting is either dominated or trivial.

We obtain analogous results in the setting of symplectic diffeomorphisms, where the conclusion is actually stronger: dominated splitting is replaced by partial hyperbolicity. We also obtain versions of these results for continuous cocycles with values in some matrix groups.
In the text we give the precise statements of these results and the ideas of the proofs. The complete proofs will appear in [4].

Résumé

Nous montrons que les exposants de Lyapunov des difféomorphismes de classe

C^1

qui préservent le volume dans une varieté compacte sont continus à un difféomorphisme donné si et seulement si sa décomposition de Oseledets est dominée ou bien triviale. Il s'en suit que pour un sous-ensemble

C^1

-résiduel des difféomorphismes qui préservent le volume, la décomposition de Oseledets est soit dominée soit triviale.

Nous obtenons des résultats analogues dans le cadre des difféomorphismes symplectiques où, en fait, les conclusions sont plus fortes : on remplace décomposition dominée par hyperbolicité partielle. De même, nous obtenons des versions de ces résultats pour des cocyles continus à valeurs dans plusieurs groupes de matrices.
Dans le texte en anglais nous donnons les énoncés précis de ces résultats, et des idées des preuves. Les démonstrations complètes apparaitront dans [4].
Proof of the De Gennes formula for the superheating field in the weak κ limit
Authors: Helffer Bernard , Bolley Catherine 
Published: July 2002

In continuation with our preceding paper [3] concerning the superconducting film, we present in this article new estimates for the superheating field in the weak κ limit. The principal result is the proof of the existence of a finite superheating field

h^{sh,+}(κ)

(obtained by restricting the usual definition of the superheating field to solutions of the Ginzburg-Landau system

(f, A)

with

f

positive) in the case of a semi-infinite interval. The bound is optimal in the limit

κ → 0

and permits to prove (combining with our previous results) the De Gennes formula

2^{ - \frac{3}{4}} = \lim_{\kappa \rightarrow 0} \kappa ^{\frac{1}{2}}h^{sh, + }\left(\kappa \right)

The proof is obtained by improving slightly the estimates given in [3] where an upper bound was found but under the additional condition that the function

f

was bounded from below by some fixed constant

ρ > 0

.

Résumé

Poursuivant notre étude précédente [3] sur les films supraconducteurs, nous présentons dans cet article de nouvelles estimations sur le champ de surchauffe lorsque

κ

tend vers

0

. Le résultat principal est la démonstration, dans le cas d’un intervalle semi-infini, de l’existence d’un champ de surchauffe fini

h^{sh,+}(κ)

(obtenue en restreignant la définition usuelle du champ de surchauffe aux solutions

(f, A)

du système de Ginzburg–Landau telles que

f

soit positive). La majoration est optimale à la limite

κ → 0

et permet de montrer (en regroupant avec nos résultats précédents) la formule de De Gennes

2^{ - \frac{3}{4}} = \lim_{\kappa \rightarrow 0}\kappa ^{\frac{1}{2}}h^{sh, + }\left(\kappa \right)

La démonstration est obtenue en améliorant légèrement les estimations de l’article [3] dans lequel nous donnions une majoration, mais en supposant la fonction

f

minorée par une constante

ρ > 0

fixée.
Regularity of solutions for arbitrary order variational inequalities with general convex sets
Authors: Liang Jin 
Published: July 2002

We consider the regularity of solutions of a system for nonlinear arbitrary order variational inequalities with some general concrete closed convex sets. The maximal function method and the convergence method are used, and a higher integrability of the derivatives is obtained.

Résumé
Nous étudions la régularité des solutions d’un système d’inégalités variationnelles non linéaires d’ordre arbitraire dans des ensembles convexes fermés généraux qui peuvent être représentés sous une forme concrête. On utilise la méthode de la fonction maximale et la méthode de convergence pour obtenir un résultat d’intégrabilité sur les dérivées d’ordre supérieur.
Ergodic problem for the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation. I. Existence of the ergodic attractor
Authors: Arisawa Mariko 
Published: July 2002

The problem of the convergence of the terms

λuλ_(x), ≠ u(x,T)

in the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equations (HJBs) as

λ

tends to

+0

,

T

goes to

+∞

, to the unique number is called the ergodic problem of the HJBs. We show in this paper what kind of qualitative properties exist behind this kind of convergence. The existence of the ergodic attractor is shown in Theorems 1 and 2. Our solutions of HJBs satisfy the equations in the viscosity solutions sense.

Résumé

Le problème de la convergence des termes

\lambda u_{\lambda }\left(x\right),\frac{1}{T}u\left(x,T\right)

dans les équations de Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJBs) quand

λ

tends vers

+∞

,

T

tends vers

+∞

, vers le numéro unique s’appelle le problème ergodique des HJBs. Nous montrons ici les propriétés qualitatives qui existent derrière ce type de convergence. L’existence de l’attracteur ergodique est démontrée dans les Théorèmes 1 et 2. Nos solutions des HJBs satisfont les équations au sens de la solution de la viscosité.
A hierarchy of hydrodynamic models for plasmas. Zero-electron-mass limits in the drift-diffusion equations
Authors: Jüngel Ansgar , Peng Yue-Jun 
Published: July 2002

A model hierarchy of hydrodynamic and quasi-hydrodynamic equations for plasmas consisting of electrons and ions is presented. The various model equations are obtained from the transient Euler–Poisson system for electrons and ions in the zero-electron-mass limit and/or in the zero-relaxation-time limit. A rigorous proof of the zero-electron-mass limit in the quasi-hydrodynamic equations is given. This model consists of two parabolic equations for the electrons and ions and the Poisson equation for the electric potential, subject to initial and mixed boundary conditions. The remaining asymptotic limits will be proved in forthcoming publications.
Furthermore, the existence of solutions to the limit problem which can be of degenerate type is proved without the assumptions needed for the zero-electron-mass limit (essentially, positivity of the particle densities). Finally, the uniqueness of solutions to the limit problem is studied.

Résumé
Une hiérarchie d’équations hydrodynamiques et quasi-hydrodynamiques pour les plasmas constitués d’électrons et ions est présentée. Les équations des modèles résultent du système Euler–Poisson non stationnaire pour les électrons et ions par une limite de masse d’électron (“zero-electron-mass-limit”) et/ou par une limite de relaxation (“zero-relaxation-time-limit”). Une démonstration rigoureuse de la limite de masse d’électron dans les équations quasi-hydrodynamiques est donnée. Ce modèle consiste en deux équations paraboliques pour les densités des électrons et ions et l’équation de Poisson pour le potentiel électrique, completées par des conditions aux limites mêlées. Les autres limites asymptotiques seront démontrées dans des publications à venir.
En outre, on montre l’existence de solutions du problème limite qui peut être du type “dégénéré”, sans les hypothèses utilisées pour la limite de masse d’électron (essentiellement, positivité des densités des particules). Finalement, l’unicité de solutions du problème limite est étudiée.
Relaxations semi-linéaire et cinétique des systèmes de lois de conservation
Authors: Serre Denis 
Published: July 2002

R. DiPerna (1983) proved the convergence of the approximate solutions given by the vanishing viscosity method, towards an entropy solution of the underlying hyperbolic system. He used two main assumptions: the existence of convex positively invariant domains (in the sense of K.N. Chuey et al. (1977)) and genuine nonlinearity. We prove below that, under the same assumptions together with the sub-characteristic condition, the approximate solutions given by the semi-linear relaxation converge too. Actually, our result stands for a more general approximation, first introduced by R. Natalini (1998).

Résumé
R. DiPerna (1983) a montré la convergence de la solution approchée fournie par la méthode de viscosité, vers une solution entropique du système hyperbolique sous-jacent. Il a utilisé deux hypothèses fondamentales : l’existence de domaines convexes positivement invariants (au sens de K.N. Chuey et al. (1977)) et la non-linéarité des champs caractéristiques. Nous montrons ici que ces hypothèses, jointes à la condition sous-caractéristique, assurent aussi la convergence des solutions approchées fournies par la relaxation semi-linéaire. En fait, notre analyse est valide pour une classe plus générale d’approximations, introduites récemment par R. Natalini (1998).
Asymptotic behaviour of solutions of some semilinear parabolic problems
Authors: Herraiz Luis 
Published: July 2002

We consider the Cauchy problem:

\tag{0.1}
\begin{align}
&u_{t} - \Delta u + u^{p} = 0 && \text{ for }x \in ℝ^{N},t > 0, \\
\tag{0.2}
& u\left(x,0\right) = u_{o}\left(x\right) && \text{ for }x \in ℝ^{N}.
\end{align}

Here

p > 1

,

N≥ 1

and

u_0(x)

is a continuous, nonnegative and bounded function such that:

\tag{0.3}
u_0\left(x\right) \sim A\left|x\right|^{ - \alpha },\text{ as }\left|x\right|\rightarrow \infty ,

for some

A > 0

and

α > 0

. In this paper we discuss the asymptotic behaviour of solutions to (0.1)–(0.3) in terms of the various values of the parameters

p, N, α

and

A

. A common pattern that emerges from our analysis is the existence of an external zone where

u(x,t) \sim u_0(x)

and one (or several) internal regions, where the influence of diffusion and absorption is most strongly felt. We present a complete classification of the size of these regions, as well as that of the stabilization profiles that unfold therein, in terms of the aforementioned parameters.

Résumé
Nous considérons le problème de Cauchy:

\begin{align}
\tag{0.1}
&u_{t} - \Delta u + u^{p} = 0 && \text{ pour }x \in ℝ^{N}, & t > 0, \\
\tag{0.2}
&u\left(x,0\right) = u_{o}\left(x\right) && \text{ pour }x \in ℝ^{N}.
\end{align}

Où

p > 1

,

N ≥ 1

et

u_0(x)

est une fonction continue, nonnégative et bornée telle que:

\tag{0.3}
u_{O}\left(x\right) \sim A\left|x\right|^{ - \alpha }, \text{ quand }\left|x\right|\rightarrow \infty ,

pour

A > 0

et

α > 0

. Dans cette note nous étudions le comportement asymptotique des solutions de (0.1)–(0.3) dépendant des valeurs des paramètres

p,N, α

et

A

. Nous prouvons l’existence d’une zone extérieure où

u(x, t) \sim u_0(x)

et une (ou plusieurs) régions intérieures où l’influence de la diffusion et l’absorption est très forte. Nous présentons une classification complète de l’étendue de ces régions et des profils des solutions dépendant des paramètres.
The acquisition of motoneuron subtype identity and motor circuit formation
Authors: Landmesser Lynn T. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractExperiments in chick embryos using classical transplantation techniques introduced by Viktor Hamburger are reviewed; these demonstrated that chick‐limb innervating motoneurons become specified by extrinsic signals prior to axon outgrowth and that they selectively grow to appropriate muscles by actively responding to guidance cues within the limb. More recent experiments reveal that fast/slow and flexor/extensor subclasses of motoneurons are distinct by E4–5 and that they exhibit patterned spontaneous activity while still growing to their targets. These observations are then related to the combinatorial code of LIM transcription factor expression, which has been hypothesized to specify motoneuron subtypes.
Constant dark‐rearing effects on visual adaptation of the zebrafish ERG
Authors: Saszik Shannon , Bilotta Joseph 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAnatomical and electrophysiological studies have shown that zebrafish retinal neurons develop in a sequential manner. Several studies have examined the impact of restricted rearing environments on zebrafish visual development, but the results have been mixed. The purpose of this study was to examine the development of light adaptation properties of the zebrafish electroretinogram (ERG), and examine the effects of constant dark rearing on retinal development. Subjects were zebrafish, Danio rerio, reared under normal lighting conditions and zebrafish reared in constant dark from fertilization to 6 days postfertilization (dpf). Increment threshold functions were obtained from a‐ and b‐wave ERG responses from normally reared subjects at different ages and from animals exposed to early constant dark rearing. Dark‐reared subjects were tested immediately following constant dark exposure (6–9 dpf) and after exposure to normal cyclic lighting (11–13 dpf). Adult zebrafish were significantly more sensitive at lower background illuminations than were larvae zebrafish. Also, constant dark rearing had a differential effect on the a‐ and b‐wave response measures. Constant dark rearing raised b‐wave threshold uniformly across background illuminations, while only producing higher a‐wave thresholds at low levels of illumination. These results are consistent with findings in studies on zebrafish retinal development, and may help explain some of the discrepancies across studies examining the effects of restricted rearing.
5HTR2A gene polymorphism and personality traits in patients with major psychoses
Authors: Golimbet V.E. , Alfimova M.V. , Manandyan K.K. , Mitushina N.G. , Abramova L.I. , Kaleda V.G. , Oleichik I.V. , Yurov YuB. , Trubnikov V.I. 
Published: July 2002

SummarySerotonin receptor (5HTR2A) gene polymorphism has been reported to be associated with clinical phenotypes in schizophrenia. The current study attempted to investigate a relationship between 5HTR2A 102T/C polymorphism and personality traits as well as clinical symptoms in patients with ICD-10 diagnoses of schizophrenia and affective disorders. 5HTR2A genotyping, clinical and psychological assessment were administered to 375 patients, 104 first-degree healthy relatives of the patients and 157 controls. In the patients an association was observed between the 2/2 5HTR2A genotype and scores on the Hypochondriasis scale (MMPI) (ANOVA, F = 4.56; P = 0.011) and trait anxiety (F = 4.21; P = 0.002). A significant difference between 1/1 and 2/2 genotypes has been also found for Neuroticism scores (EPI) (t = 2.18; P = 0.0031). No significant differences by 5HTR2A genotype were observed in either the control or first-degree relatives' group for all scales studied. Positive, negative and psychopathological symptoms emerged higher in the 2/2 genotype patients compared to other genotype carriers. Therefore, the 2/2 genotype may contribute to produce the phenotype, with specific clinical and pathological features in common, regardless of nosologic heterogeneity of psychoses.
Temperament traits in male suicide attempters and violent offenders
Authors: Engström G. , Persson B. , Levander S. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryWith the purpose of comparing temperament traits in subjects who have been violent towards others and with subjects who have shown self-directed violence, 34 male suicide attempters and 34 male violent offenders were matched for age and psychiatric diagnosis. Violent offenders with a history of suicide attempts were excluded. Temperament traits were assessed by means of the Karolinska Scales of Personality.The temperament profiles of suicide attempters and violent offenders were very similar, with high trait anxiety and very low socialization. Violent offenders displayed significantly higher social desirability (P < 0.001). Suicide attempters tended to have higher indirect aggression and monotony avoidance. Impulsiveness, verbal aggression, and inhibition of aggression were within the normal range in both groups. There were substantial temperamental similarities between suicide attempters and violent offenders. In order to disentangle the differential mechanisms behind aggression towards self and others, we probably need to consider historical as well as current situation factors in a systematic way.
Gender-related clinical differences in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Bogetto F. , Venturello S. , Albert U. , Maina G. , Ravizza L. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the gender-related differences of clinical features in a sample of obsessive-compulsive (OCD) patients. One hundred and sixty outpatients with a principal diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (DSM-IV, Y-BOCS = 16) were admitted. Patients were evaluated with a semi-structured interview covering the following areas: socio-demographic data, Axis I diagnoses (DSM-IV), OCD clinical features (age at onset of OC symptoms and disorder, type of onset, life events and type of course). For statistical analysis the sample was subdivided in two groups according to gender. We found an earlier age at onset of OC symptoms and disorder in males; an insidious onset and a chronic course of illness were also observed in that group of patients. Females more frequently showed an acute onset of OCD and an episodic course of illness; they also reported more frequently a stressful event in the year preceding OCD onset. A history of anxiety disorders with onset preceding OCD and hypomanic episodes occurring after OCD onset was significantly more common among males, while females showed more frequently a history of eating disorders. We found three gender-related features of OCD: males show an earlier age at onset with a lower impact of precipitant events in triggering the disorder; OCD seems to occur in a relative high proportion of males who already have phobias and/or tic disorders; and a surfeit of chronic course of the illness in males in comparison with females.
A COF‐Like N‐Rich Conjugated Microporous Polytriphenylamine Cathode with Pseudocapacitive Anion Storage Behavior for High‐Energy Aqueous Zinc Dual‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Haozhe , Zhong Linfeng , Xie Jinhao , Yang Fan , Liu Xiaoqing , Lu Xihong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractConducting polymers with good electron conductivity and rich redox functional groups are promising cathode candidates for constructing high‐energy aqueous zinc batteries. However, the glaring flaw of active‐site underutilization impairs their electrochemical performance. Herein, we report a poriferous polytriphenylamine conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) cathode capable of accommodating Cl− anions in a pseudocapative‐dominated manner for energy storage. Its specific 3D, covalent‐organic‐framework‐like conjugated network ensures high accessibility efficacy of N active sites (up to 83.2% at 0.5 A g−1) and distinct physicochemical stability (87.6% capacity retention after 1000 cycles) during repeated charging/discharging courses. Such a robust CMP electrode also leads to a zinc dual‐ion battery device with a high energy density of 236 W h kg−1 and a maximum power density of 6.8 kW kg−1, substantially surpassing most recently reported organic‐based zinc batteries. This study paves the way for the rational design of advanced CMP‐based organic cathodes for high‐energy devices.
Thin‐Film Patient‐Specific Flow Diverter Stents for the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Velvaluri Prasanth , Pravdivtseva Mariya S. , Berg Philipp , Wodarg Fritz , Miranda Rodrigo Lima de , Hövener Jan‐Bernd , Jansen Olav , Quandt Eckhard 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntracranial aneurysm treatment based on blood flow reduction with braided flow diverters (FDs) has become highly relevant. However, FDs have several limitations, e.g., sudden torsional collapse, variable porosity, and possible side branch occlusions. Thin‐film FD stents can overcome these limitations by offering high design freedom to produce patient‐specific implants. Here a workflow to design, fabricate, and characterize novel thin‐film FDs that can be individualized to meet patient‐specific needs is demonstrated. FD design is virtually optimized to achieve the best flow reduction and the lowest crimping resistance. Then, the optimal design is fabricated using state‐of‐the‐art thin‐film technology. The thin‐film FD is characterized for mechanical and flow behavior and is compared to a braided FD (Derivo; FD0). The thin‐film FD and FD0 show similar radial forces in the diameter range 2.6–4.5 mm, and the former exhibits no sudden torsional collapse. The flow analysis using MRI reveals that both FDs reduce the flow into the aneurysm. However, only the thin‐film FD maintains adequate flow into all the side branches. A thin‐film FD that overcomes braided FDs limitations while offering similar performance has been developed. The proposed framework is a pilot study for fabricating on‐demand patient‐specific thin‐film FD stents.