bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of mid‐infrared microscopic imaging for the diagnosis and classification of human lymphomas
Authors: Willenbacher Ella , Brunner Andrea , Zelger Bettina , Unterberger Seraphin H. , Stalder Roland , Huck Christian W. , Willenbacher Wolfgang , Pallua Johannes D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMid‐infrared (MIR) microscopic imaging of indolent and aggressive lymphomas was performed including formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded samples of six follicular lymphomas and 12 diffuse large B‐cell‐lymphomas as well as reactive lymph nodes to investigate benefits and challenges for lymphoma diagnosis. MIR images were compared to defined pathological characteristics such as indolent versus aggressive versus reactive, germinal centre versus activated cell‐of‐origin (COO) subtypes, or a low versus a high proliferative index and level of PD‐L1 expression. We demonstrated that MIR microscopic imaging can differentiate between reactive lymph nodes, indolent and aggressive lymphoma samples. Also, it has potential to be used in the subtyping of lymphomas, as shown with the differentiation between COO subtypes, the level of proliferation and PD‐L1 expression. MIR microscopic imaging is a promising tool for diagnosis and subtyping of lymphoma and further evaluation is needed to fully explore the advantages and disadvantages of this method for pathological diagnosis.
Characterization of the Developing Lacunocanalicular Network During Fracture Repair
Authors: Casanova Michele , Schindeler Aaron , Peacock Lauren , Lee Lucinda , Schneider Philipp , Little David G. , Müller Ralph 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTFracture repair is a normal physiological response to bone injury. During the process of bony callus formation, a lacunocanalicular network (LCN) is formed de novo that evolves with callus remodeling. Our aim was the longitudinal assessment of the development and evolution of the LCN during fracture repair. To this end, 45 adult wild‐type C57BL/6 mice underwent closed tibial fracture surgery. Fractured and intact contralateral tibias were harvested after 2, 3, and 6 weeks of bone healing (n = 15/group). High‐resolution micro–computed tomography (μCT) and deconvolution microscopy (DV) approaches were applied to quantify lacunar number density from the calluses and intact bone. On histological sections, Goldner's trichrome staining was used to assess lacunar occupancy, fluorescein isothiocyanate staining to visualize the canalicular network, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate‐biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining to examine osteocyte apoptosis. Analysis of μCT scans showed progressive decreases in mean lacuna volume over time (−27% 2–3 weeks; −13% 3–6 weeks). Lacunar number density increased considerably between 2 and 3 weeks (+156%). Correlation analysis was performed, showing a positive linear relationship between canalicular number density and trabecular thickness (R2 = 0.56, p < 0.001) and an inverse relationship between mean lacuna volume and trabecular thickness (R2 = 0.57, p < 0.001). Histology showed increases in canalicular number density over time (+22% 2–3 weeks, +51% 3–6 weeks). Lacunar occupancy in new bone of the callus was high (>90%), but the old cortical bone within the fracture site appeared necrotic as it underwent resorption. In conclusion, our data shows a progressive increase in the complexity of the LCN over time during fracture healing and demonstrates that this network is initiated during the early stages of repair. Further studies are needed to address the functional importance of osteocytes in bone healing, particularly in detecting and translating the effects of micromotion in the fracture. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Polygenic Risk Score of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis for Potential Clinical Use
Authors: Otomo Nao , Lu Hsing-Fang , Koido Masaru , Kou Ikuyo , Takeda Kazuki , Momozawa Yukihide , Kubo Michiaki , Kamatani Yoichiro , Ogura Yoji , Takahashi Yohei , Nakajima Masahiro , Minami Shohei , Uno Koki , Kawakami Noriaki , Ito Manabu , Sato Tatsuya , Watanabe Kei , Kaito Takashi , Yanagida Haruhisa , Taneichi Hiroshi , Harimaya Katsumi , Taniguchi Yuki , Shigematsu Hideki , Iida Takahiro , Demura Satoru , Sugawara Ryo , Fujita Nobuyuki , Yagi Mitsuru , Okada Eijiro , Hosogane Naobumi , Kono Katsuki , Nakamura Masaya , Chiba Kazuhiro , Kotani Toshiaki , Sakuma Tsuyoshi , Akazawa Tsutomu , Suzuki Teppei , Nishida Kotaro , Kakutani Kenichiro , Tsuji Taichi , Sudo Hideki , Iwata Akira , Kaneko Kazuo , Inami Satoshi , Kochi Yuta , Chang Wei-Chiao , Matsumoto Morio , Watanabe Kota , Ikegawa Shiro , Terao Chikashi 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common disease causing three-dimensional spinal deformity in as many as 3% of adolescents. Development of a method that can accurately predict the onset and progression of AIS is an immediate need for clinical practice. Because the heritability of AIS is estimated as high as 87.5% in twin studies, prediction of its onset and progression based on genetic data is a promising option. We show the usefulness of polygenic risk score (PRS) for the prediction of onset and progression of AIS. We used AIS genomewide association study (GWAS) data comprising 79,211 subjects in three cohorts and constructed a PRS based on association statistics in a discovery set including 31,999 female subjects. After calibration using a validation data set, we applied the PRS to a test data set. By integrating functional annotations showing heritability enrichment in the selection of variants, the PRS demonstrated an association with AIS susceptibility (p = 3.5 × 10−40 with area under the receiver-operating characteristic [AUROC] = 0.674, sensitivity = 0.644, and specificity = 0.622). The decile with the highest PRS showed an odds ratio of as high as 3.36 (p = 1.4 × 10−10) to develop AIS compared with the fifth in decile. The addition of a predictive model with only a single clinical parameter (body mass index) improved predictive ability for development of AIS (AUROC = 0.722, net reclassification improvement [NRI] 0.505 ± 0.054, p = 1.6 × 10−8), potentiating clinical use of the prediction model. Furthermore, we found the Cobb angle (CA), the severity measurement of AIS, to be a polygenic trait that showed a significant genetic correlation with AIS susceptibility (rg = 0.6, p = 3.0 × 10−4). The AIS PRS demonstrated a significant association with CA. These results indicate a shared polygenic architecture between onset and progression of AIS and the potential usefulness of PRS in clinical settings as a predictor to promote early intervention of AIS and avoid invasive surgery. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Relative distribution enhancement: a new factor for the evaluation of synergistic solvent extraction
Authors: Gómez‐Sánchez Diana Laura , Koga Hikaru , Kim Yonggu , Udaeta Mauricio Cordova , Dodbiba Gjergj 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDSolvent extraction is one of the most used processes worldwide for metal extraction at an industrial and laboratory scale. As a process that requires an external component, the selection of extractants is one of the most studied topics to find the most suitable ones for a particular case. The use of combined reagents, or so‐called synergistic extractants, is a branch of extraction studies that have proven better results than the use of solvents on their own. However, a comparison between synergistic extractants cannot be made with the currently reported factors. This paper provides a guide on clarifying the implications of the conventional synergistic factor, R, for the evaluation of the best extractant combinations. Moreover, a new indicator is proposed, named relative distribution enhancement factor, H, that will quantitatively measure the efficiency of the extraction and compare extraction enhancement among different experimental research.RESULTSFour references were selected to illustrate the use of the H factor in contrast with the R factor. The usefulness of the new enhancement factor H was demonstrated by evaluating the synergistic solvent extraction of rare earth elements. It was found that the use of R factors can mislead the selection of extractants ratio, and although synergism exists this does not imply an enhanced extraction.CONCLUSIONThe main finding of this work is that the newly developed H factor can easily detect extraction enhancement or diminishment and is not limited to the evaluation of two extractants. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
The effect of reduced graphene oxide addition on methane production from municipal organic solid waste
Authors: Gökçek Öznur B , Muratçobanoğlu Fatma , Muratçobanoğlu Hamdi , Uçar Deniz , Mert Ruhullah A , Yıldırım Bilal , Zan Recep , Demirel Sevgi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDConductive materials have become the focus of recent studies to accelerate and stabilize the conversion of organic wastes to methane in anaerobic digestion processes. In this study, the effect of the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on biogas/biomethane production from municipal organic solid wastes in anaerobic batch reactors was investigated. In this context, the effect of loading ratios (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 gVS inoculum (gVS nutrient)−1) and rGO addition at different concentrations (0, 10, 20 and 30 mg L−1) was examined during a 45‐day study period.RESULTSThe highest biogas production reached a level of 816 ± 14 mL (gVS)−1 when substrate/inoculum ratio was 1 and 20 mg L−1 rGO was added (50% more than the group without rGO added). Addition of 30 mg L−1 rGO resulted in 667 ± 12 mL (gVS)−1 corresponding to 23% higher biogas production compared to the control reactor without rGO. The highest cumulative biomethane production was observed to be 525 ± 20 mL (gVS)−1 in the reactor with 20 mg L−1 rGO added in which substrate/inoculum ratio was 1. In the reactors with 10 and 30 mg L−1 and without rGO addition biomethane productions were 448 ± 21, 401 ± 13 and 323 ± 23 mL (gVS)−1, respectively.CONCLUSIONSResults revealed that the addition of rGO increased biomethane production from municipal organic solid wastes. It is concluded that rGO addition has the potential to be applied for real‐scale facilities within the scope of renewable energy production and circular economy. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluating disparities in delivery of neoadjuvant guideline‐based chemoradiation for rectal cancer: A multicenter, propensity score‐weighted cohort study
Authors: Lau Lung W. , Kethman William C. , Bingmer Katherine E. , Ofshteyn Asya , Steinhagen Emily , Charles Ronald , Dietz David , Stein Sharon L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite guideline recommendations, some patients still receive care inappropriate for their clinical stage of disease. Identification of factors that contribute to variation in guideline base care may help eradicate disparities in the treatment of early and locally advanced rectal cancer.MethodsThe American College of Surgeons National Cancer Database from 2010 to 2015 was analyzed with propensity score weighting to identify factors associated with delivery and omission of neoadjuvant guideline‐based chemoradiation (GBC) for those with early and locally advanced rectal cancer.ResultsOnly 74% of patients with rectal cancer received stage‐appropriate neoadjuvant chemoradiation; 4544 (88%) of those with early stage disease and 8675 (68%) in locally advanced disease. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were not planned in 27% and 34% respectively, of those who did not receive GBC. Factors associated with receipt of non‐guideline‐based neoadjuvant chemoradiation were age >65 years, Medicare insurance, treatment at a community facility, West‐South‐Central geography, having locally advanced disease, and Charlson–Deyo score >3. Receipt of ideal guideline‐based neoadjuvant chemoradiation conferred a survival benefit at 5 years.ConclusionPatient and non‐patient factors contribute to disparities in guideline‐based delivery of neoadjuvant chemoradiation in the treatment of rectal cancer. Identification of these risk factors are important to help standardize care and improve survival outcomes
Prognostic value of H‐index in patients surgically treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx
Authors: Boscolo‐Rizzo Paolo , Zanelli Enrico , Giudici Fabiola , Boscolo‐Nata Francesca , Cristalli Giovanni , Deganello Alberto , Tomasoni Michele , Piazza Cesare , Bossi Paolo , Spinato Giacomo , Menegaldo Anna , Emanuelli Enzo , Nicolai Piero , Bandolin Luigia , Ciorba Andrea , Pelucchi Stefano , Lupato Valentina , Giacomarra Vittorio , Molteni Gabriele , Marchioni Daniele , Canzi Pietro , Mauramati Simone , Fortunati Alfonso , Tofanelli Margherita , Borsetto Daniele , Fussey Jonathan , Tirelli Giancarlo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveRecently, a novel host‐related index, the Host‐index (H‐index), including both inflammatory and nutritional markers, has been described and observed to stratify prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity more accurately than other host‐related indexes This study aimed to investigate the prognostic performance of the H‐index using pretreatment blood tests in patients receiving up‐front surgery for SCC of the larynx.MethodsThis retrospective observational study included a multicenter series of consecutive patients with SCC of the larynx diagnosed between 1 January 2009 and 31 July 2018, whose pretreatment blood tests were available and included the parameters necessary for the calculation of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the H‐index. Their association with disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was measured.ResultsA total of 231 patients were eligible for the present analysis (median [range] age, 68 [37‐96] years; 191 [82.7%] men). The median follow‐up was 73 months. In multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models, increasing age (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.07 per year; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.09), advanced pT stage (aHR = 1.71 95% CI: 1.07‐2.71), and having close or positive surgical margins (aHR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.21‐3.33) were significantly associated with poor OS. Among blood parameters, a higher neutrophil count was a strong predictor of both worse DFS (aHR for recurrence/death = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.24‐4.40) and OS (aHR for death = 2.67; 95% CI: 1.51‐4.71). Among inflammatory blood indexes, while NLR was not significantly associated with DFS or OS, patients with H‐index ≥8.37 showed a higher aHR for both recurrence/death (2.82; 95% CI: 1.65‐4.79) and death (2.22; 95% CI: 1.26‐3.89).ConclusionIn conclusion, the present study confirms the prognostic value of pretreatment H‐index, an easily measurable inflammatory and nutritional index, in patients with SCC of the larynx.Level of EvidenceIII
Entropy numbers of diagonal operators on Orlicz sequence spaces
Authors: Kaewtem Thanatkrit , Netrusov Yuri 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLet M1 and M2 be functions on [0,1] such that and are Orlicz functions for some . Assume that is non‐decreasing for . Let be a non‐increasing sequence of nonnegative real numbers. Under some conditions on , sharp two‐sided estimates for entropy numbers of diagonal operators generated by , where and are Orlicz sequence spaces, are proved. The results generalise some works of Edmunds and Netrusov in [8] and hence a result of Cobos, Kühn and Schonbek in [6].
Temperature and energy dependences of ion–molecule reactions: Studies inspired by Diethard Böhme
Authors: Viggiano Albert A. , Ard Shaun G. , Shuman Nicholas S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDiethard Böhme has had a long career covering many topics in ion‐molecule reactivity. In this review, we describe the work done at the Air Force Research Laboratory (and its variously named preceding organizations) that was inspired by his studies. These fall into two main areas: nucleophilic displacement (SN2) and metal cation chemistry. In SN2 chemistry, we revisited many of the reactions Diethard pioneered and studied them in more detail. We found nonstatistical behavior, both competition and noncompetition between multiple channels. New channels were found as hydration occurred, with more solution‐like behavior occurring as only a few ligands were added. Temperature‐dependent studies revealed details that were not observable at room temperature. These and other highlights will be discussed. In metal cation reactions, Diethard's use of an inductively coupled ion source allowed him to systematically study the periodic table of elements with a number of simple neutrals. We have taken the most interesting of these and studied them in greater detail. In doing so, we were able to identify curve crossing rates, in a few instances information about product states, and the importance of multiple entrance channels.
Design of compact high temperature superconducting dual‐band filter using dual‐composite right‐/left‐handed resonators
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Liu Qing , Zhang Dewei , Yang Hong , Zhang Guangwei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA compact high temperature superconducting dual‐band band‐pass filter (BPF) is presented based on compact dual‐mode dual‐composite right‐/left‐handed (D‐CRLH) resonators in this article, which is composed of spiral coupled lines and meander lines. In addition, the equivalent circuit model and the admittance matrix are given to analyze the resonant characteristics of the designed D‐CRLH resonator. Then, the proposed filter realizes the flexible controllability of the center frequencies and coupling coefficient of the two passbands, which greatly increases the design freedom of dual‐band BPFs. Finally, the proposed filter was designed and etched on a 0.5‐mm‐thick MgO substrate with double‐sided YBCO thin‐films for demonstration. The measured results match the simulated ones well, indicating the feasibility of the proposed design method.
Regulatory and legislative issues on telehealth
Authors: Schofield Marsha 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe use of telehealth to deliver health care services in the United States experienced rapid expansion with the advent of the COVID‐19 public health emergency (PHE) and associated waivers. Prior to the pandemic, adoption of telehealth by health care providers was hampered by outdated legislative and regulatory barriers at the federal and state levels. This paper provides a review of the legislative and regulatory landscape for telehealth in the United States and how it has changed during the COVID‐10 PHE. It remains to be seen whether the temporary flexibilities surrounding delivery and payment of telehealth services will remain in place; some require Congressional action to make permanent while others can be made permanent through rulemaking. Other actions are dependent on state legislatures and commercial payers. Issues under debate by stakeholders include long‐term audio‐only coverage; broadband connectivity; disparities in access to telehealth; appropriate payment for telehealth versus in‐person care; concerns about fraud, quality, and safety; and the need for additional data to inform future policymaking. Insights are provided into these key issues that are expected to shape future legislative and regulatory action at the federal and state levels. Health care providers and patients need to engage in advocacy work at the federal and state level, and with commercial payers, to affect meaningful long‐term change.
Six‐year changes in N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide and changes in weight and risk of obesity
Authors: Sbaraini da Silva Mariana , Lazo Mariana , Daya Natalie R. , Tang Olive , Schaan Beatriz D. , Ballantyne Christie M. , Ndumele Chiadi , Selvin Elizabeth 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to study the prospective association between N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and changes in weight and obesity risk in a community‐based population.MethodsData from 9,681 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study were analyzed at two time points 6 years apart. Among people without obesity at baseline, multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between baseline levels of NT‐proBNP and incident obesity. A multivariable linear regression model was used to examine the association between changes in NT‐proBNP (visit 2 serum and visit 4 plasma samples) and changes in weight.ResultsThe prevalence of obesity increased from 28% to 35% in the 6‐year follow‐up period. Compared with individuals in the highest NT‐proBNP quartile, those in the lowest were more likely to have obesity at baseline (odds ratio 1.25; 95% CI: 1.08‐1.45) and, among people who did not have obesity at baseline, were more likely to develop obesity at follow‐up (odds ratio 1.35; 95% CI: 1.07‐1.69). Changes in NT‐proBNP were inversely associated with weight change.ConclusionsIn this prospective study, lower levels of NT‐proBNP were associated with higher risk of obesity, and changes in NT‐proBNP were inversely associated with changes in weight. This suggests that natriuretic peptides or their pathways may be potential targets in the treatment of obesity.
Social impairment and personality disorder features among older adults: An application of the circumplex model
Authors: Stone Lisa E. , Segal Daniel L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe interpersonal circumplex is a model that places interpersonal problems along two axes (communion and agency), resulting in eight theoretically derived patterns. Application of the circumplex to older adults is poorly understood. Subsequently, this study examined relationships between the interpersonal circumplex and personality disorder (PD) features among older adults, since social impairments are core components of PDs. Two models of PDs were examined: the traditional model of 10 PDs and the Alternative Model of PDs (AMPD) with its personality functioning and pathological personality trait features. Older adults (N = 202) completed the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems‐Short Circumplex, Coolidge Axis II Inventory, Levels of Personality Functioning Scale‐Self‐Report, and Personality Inventory for DSM‐5. Overlap between the interpersonal circumplex and PD features were detected, but patterns were distinct from prior studies with younger samples. Cluster B and C PD features showed meaningful relationships, whereas Cluster A did not. The circumplex was limited in its relation to the AMPD's personality functioning. The communion component of the circumplex significantly related to the AMPD's pathological trait model, whereas the agency component was limited in its association with pathological traits. Overall, the circumplex meaningfully related to PD features across two different PD models, providing some evidence of validity.