bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra-small lipid carriers with adjustable release profiles for synergistic treatment of drug-resistant ovarian cancer
Authors: Wang Chenghao , Wang Jia , Han Xinyu , Liu Jiaxin , Ma Mengchao , Tian Siyu , Zhang Liying , Tang Jingling 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Multidrug resistance has dramatically compromised the effectiveness of paclitaxel (PTX). The combined application of PTX and tetrandrine (TET) is a promising avenue in drug-resistant cancer therapy. However, poor drug release and limited intracellular drug accumulation greatly impede this combinational antitumor therapy. To address this problem, we successfully developed a tunable controlled release lipid platform (PT@usNLC) for coordinated drug delivery. The drug release rate of PT@usNLC can be tuned by varying the lipid ratio, which has potential to maximize the therapeutic effects of combined drugs. The TET release rate from PT@usNLC was faster than PTX, which could restore the sensitivity of tumor cells to PTX and exert a synergistic antitumor effect. The appropriate size of PT@usNLC could effectively increase the intracellular drug accumulation. Both in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that PT@usNLC significantly enhanced the therapeutic effect compared to conventional therapies. This study provides a new strategy for resistant ovarian cancer therapy.
Observation of phase synchronization and alignment during free induction decay of quantum spins with Heisenberg interactions
Authors: Vorndamme Patrick , Schmidt Heinz-Jürgen , Schröder Christian , Schnack Jürgen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEquilibration of observables in closed quantum systems that are described by a unitary time evolution is a meanwhile well-established phenomenon apart from a few equally well-established exceptions. Here we report the surprising theoretical observation that integrable as well as non-integrable spin rings with nearest-neighbor or long-range isotropic Heisenberg interaction not only equilibrate but moreover also synchronize the directions of the expectation values of the individual spins. We highlight that this differs from spontaneous synchronization in quantum dissipative systems. Here, we observe mutual synchronization of local spin directions in closed systems under unitary time evolution. In our numerical simulations, we investigate the free induction decay of an ensemble of up toN= 25 quantum spins withs= 1/2 each by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation numerically exactly. Our findings are related to, but not fully explained by conservation laws of the system. Even if we cannot provide a full understanding of the phenomenon, it is very robust against for instance random fluctuations of the Heisenberg couplings and inhomogeneous magnetic fields. The observed synchronization is independent of whether the interaction is ferro- or antiferromagnetic. Synchronization is not observed with strong enough symmetry-breaking interactions such as the dipolar interaction. We also compare our results to closed-system classical spin dynamics which does not exhibit phase synchronization due to the lack of entanglement and since the fixed magnitude of individual classical spins effectively acts like additionalNconservation laws.
Development of the front end amplifier circuit for the ATLAS ITk silicon strip detector
Authors: Cormier K.J.R. , Gallop B. , Kaplon J. , Li Z. , Noy M. , Phillips P.W. , Sawyer C.A. , Sperlich D. , Warren M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We present the development of the front end amplifier
circuit for the ABCStar readout ASIC designed for the upgraded ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk) detector. The amplifier is intended to work with silicon
strip sensors of moderate length between 1.9 cm and 5.5 cm dependent on position in the detector. The final circuit is implemented in a commercial 130 nm CMOS process tolerant up to the total ionizing doses (TID) predicted for the lifetime of the detector, that is maximum of 66 Mrad (660 kGy) (Si) for the endcap region. The final architecture and the performance of the circuit is presented in the context of a long development program which started soon after the construction of the present ATLAS Semi-Conductor Tracker (SCT) detector.
Stratospheric ozone loss-induced cloud effects lead to less surface ultraviolet radiation over the Siberian Arctic in spring
Authors: Xia Yan , Hu Yongyun , Huang Yi , Bian Jianchun , Zhao Chuanfeng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Surface ultraviolet (UV) radiation has important effects on human health, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and air pollution. Both stratospheric ozone and clouds are key factors that influence surface UV radiation. Here we find that Arctic ozone loss may lead to a decrease in surface UV radiation over the Siberian Arctic in spring using ERA5 reanalysis. It is found that Arctic ozone loss is associated with an increase in high clouds by modifying static stability in the upper troposphere. Stratospheric ozone loss allows more UV radiation to reach the surface. On the contrary, the increase in high clouds results in a reduction of surface UV radiation. Interestingly, a composite analysis suggests that this cloud masking effect is found to be stronger than that from stratospheric ozone loss over the Siberian Arctic in spring. These results suggest that we should pay more attention to the high-ozone events which would lead to more surface UV radiation by the cloud effects.
Clay flocculation level with multivalent cations on some paddy soils in Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Chairunnisya R A , Suryaningtyas D T , Iskandar  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The dispersion of clay on flooded and irrigated soils such as rice fields is a new challenge that must be solved. Dispersed clay will easily be carried away by water flow which makes the soil prone to erosion as an indirect effect of climate change. The implication of losing clay in the soil is the reduced fertility of the paddy soil. Therefore, flocculation of clay is important in order to prevent the flow of water from carrying it. This study aims to identify the degree of flocculation of clay in some paddy soils with multivalent cations differences in concentration and acidity. This study used six samples of paddy soil from Dramaga, Gunung Sari, and Gunung Sindur, Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia, which have 1:1 clay type, halloysite, and kaolinite. The clay flocculation level was observed at three pH levels by giving multivalent ions with predetermined concentration ranges. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the level of flocculation of kaolinitic and halloysitic soils with different pH levels and multivalent cations concentrations.
Nitrogen content and C-Organic in the field for tropical fruit plantation in Jinengdalem Village, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Gunamantha I M , Oviantari M V , Suryaputra I G N , Sudiana I K , Sastrawidana I D K , Armatini K , Handayani D F 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This explorative research aims to find out reserves of total nitrogen and soil organic carbon on land for tropical fruit plantations in Jinengdalem Village, Buleleng District, Bali. Climate change will affect the availability of nutrients for these plantations. This research was conducted from December 2019 to June 2020. Soil sampling was carried out based on SNI 7724: 2011. The total nitrogen content of the soil in the sample was determined by the Kjeldahl method and the organic carbon stock in the sample was determined by the Walkley and Black method. The results showed that the total soil nitrogen and soil organic carbon obtained from samples 1 to 5 were respectively 0.007%, 0.00152%, 0.00151%, 0.006%, 0.006%, and 0.003% and for soil organic carbon were 0, 3733%; 0.4200%; 0.5133%; 0.5600% and 0.5133%. The content of soil nitrogen and organic carbon in this soil is very low because the level is less than 1%.
Adaptation to climate change on rice cultivation in the marginal coastal land through optimizing soil ameliorant application
Authors: Kusumarini N , Nugroho G A , Adella N D , Indahsari D N , Syaadah L Z , Hasanah U , Kurniawan S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Global warming has widely impact on increasing sea water level, resulting in high soil salinity in the agricultural coastal land. As consequence, rice productivity in Coastal land may decrease due to soil salinity disrupt plant physiological processes. The study aimed to analyze the impact of ameliorants application on plant and soil in rice cultivation. The study was conducted in coastline land, locating at 750 m from the Java Sea. The land was treated with several types of soil ameliorant (dolomite, agricultural lime) under dosage 1000 kg ha−1 as a control, and several dosages of gypsum ranged between 500 kg ha−1 to 2000 kg ha−1. Soil ameliorants were significantly increased nutrient uptake by the plant, resulting in increases of biomass up to 42.8% compared to control in the treatment of 1000 kg ha−1 dolomite. This was probably due to the application of soil ameliorants decreased salinity level by lowering pH by 4-5%; EC by 42-57%; Na by 39.1%; and Cl by 12.2%. Improving soil nutrient content was reached by applying 1000 kg ha−1 gypsum which increases total N by 5 – 25%; Ca by 5%, and S by 28% compared to control and increased another soil nutrient content compared to before treatments.
Soil management practices in coffee-based agroforestry systems within Universitas Brawijaya Forest impact on maintaining soil carbon stock
Authors: Kurniawan S , Hariyanto P , Ishaq R M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Farmer fertilization practices is one of effort on climate change mitigation and determine environmental services of agroforestry systems especially soil carbon stocks. The research aimed to assess soil carbon stock in smallholder agroforestry systems within Universitas Brawijaya (UB) Forest, East Java. The study was conducted on two different types of fertilizer application (e.g., organic, mixed organic and inorganic fertilizer) with three different doses of organic fertilizer (e.g., 5, 10, 15 kg tree−1) and 3 replications of each, totalling 18 plots. At each plot, soil sample was collected at fertilized and unfertilized areas with a depth 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm, then measured total organic C, soil bulk density, soil pH, and soil carbon stocks. Application of mixed fertilizer had 19-42 % lower of soil organic C as compared to those in application of organic fertilizer, resulted in decrease of soil carbon stock around 15-41 % at a depth 0-40 cm. In addition, the increases dose of organic fertilizer application up to 15 kg tree−1 decreased soil bulk density at 0-20 cm depth of soil around 8-10% as compared to dose 5 and 10 kg tree−1. Our study suggested to optimize fertilization practices for maintaining soil fertility and its relationship to coffee production.
Potential distribution of sugar palm in Jepara Regency for soil conservation and climate change mitigation
Authors: Krissetya Y A , Sari D P , Apriyanto D , Nufus M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Agroforestry can be developed for climate change adaptation and mitigation. Farmers in Jepara Regency have long been developing sugar palm agroforestry for starch. Increasing the use of sugar palm and the low knowledge of farmers about the potential of sugar palm plants are a threat to the existence of sugar palm agroforestry. This study aims to inventory the potential distribution of sugar palm with the support of remote sensing and field surveys in Pakis Aji, Bangsri, and Kembang sub-districts which was carried out in August-December 2020. The interpretation results used Landsat 8 imagery and Google Earth images in 1161 sugar palm objects with the largest number in Bangsri District. Remote sensing accuracy testing with the Omission-Commission method obtained a value of 90.8%, which means the accuracy value is very high. The correlation test between the value of vegetation density (NDVI) and the survey results obtained a value of R2 = 0.575 with a significance value of 0.00 <0.05. The overall potential of palm plantations is predicted to be 5740 m3 with an area for the development of sugar palm agroforestry of 10,008.9 ha.
Phosphorus adsorption on the surface of pumice and natural sand adsorbents
Authors: de Rozari P , Therik A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Climate change may cause serious implications on the fate of anthropogenic and natural chemicals in water bodies. This condition could lead health problems and environmental destruction. Phosphorus (P) from domestic wastewater released to the water body without proper treatment could lead to eutrophication. Therefore, it is crucial to remove phosphorus from domestic wastewater. Adsorption technology using locally adsorbent materials is a promising alternative method to remove P because of its low cost and effectiveness. In this study, a combination of pumice and sand was investigated to remove phosphorus from the solution. The aim of this study was to study the capacity of local sand and pumice from East Nusa Tenggara (ENTP) to adsorb phosphorus. These adsorbents were characterized using X-ray diffraction, FTIR and XRF followed by isotherm and kinetic adsorption experiments. The results showed that the adsorption of P in these local materials followed the Langmuir model and the P adsorption capacity was 0.07825 mol g−1. The adsorption kinetics followed the second order. Thus, natural pumice can be potentially used as an adsorbent for treating domestic wastewater.
Crop water productivity of cash crops under drip irrigation combined with soil mulching
Authors: Komariah  , Sari F P , Ariyanto D P 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Drip irrigation is one of important technique of watering especially during unstable and uneven distributed rainfall due to global climate change. It minimizes water loss hence may increase the CWP (Crop Water Productivity). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the drip irrigation combined with soil mulching to CWP of cash crops. This research was conducted from October 2020 to February 2021 at Jumantono, Karanganyar Regency, Indonesia. The experiment was arranged in the Strip Plot design with 3 factors, namely type of irrigation (drip and conventional) as main plot; mulch (control, silver black mulch, and straw mulch) also commodities (paddy and chili) as the sub-plot with 3 replications. Parameters observed were biomass and Crop Water Productivity (CWP). The results showed drip irrigation combined with soil mulching resulted in higher CWP at both chili and paddy.
Analysis of water balance conditions as the impact of climate and land-use changes in Kapuas Watershed, Indonesia
Authors: Fibriantika E , Mujahidin A , Maryamah S , Rasyid I A 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe Kapuas River is located in the West Kalimantan province and is the longest river in Indonesia. Climate change has an impact on the frequency and intensity of hydro-meteorological disasters. This study aims to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of the water balance in the Kapuas watershed using the water balance equation. The data used is the monthly rainfall and evapotranspiration data for the years 1901–2019 from the CHIRPS and CRU data as well as the Kapuas watershed land cover data. Based on the study conducted, the Kapuas watershed experienced a significant increase in the dry month, but the trend of the magnitude of the dry month decreased but not significantly. The lowest average potential evapotranspiration occurred in DJF, which ranged from 2.8 to 3.2 mm / day, while the highest average potential evapotranspiration occurred in March-April-May (MAM), which ranged from 3.2 to 3.6 mm / day. The Kapuas watershed always experiences a water surplus, with the lowest water surplus occurring in July. Swamp forest in the southwestern and northeastern part of the Kapuas watershed has decreased in area, this is because the swamp forest has turned into agricultural land and plantations, so this condition has an effect on a significant increase in the incidence of dry months in the Kapuas watershed.
Climate change mitigation through superior varieties use to increase rice production in tidal swamp land
Authors: Ratmini N P S , Herwenita  , Irsan F 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The tidal swamp is sub-optimal land that can be utilized for agricultural development. The potential tidal swamp land as agricultural land reaches 3,445,184 ha, in which 2,802,169 ha is used for rice fields. The constraints faced in tidal swamp land development for agriculture are low soil fertility including high soil acidity, pyrite content, and high iron and aluminum solubility. It is also exacerbated by climate change that has affected the season which affects water conditions in the field. To overcome these problems, proper technology should be applied with adaptive superior varieties as one of the technology components to increase rice production. This paper aims to determine the superior varieties contribution in increasing rice production in tidal swamp land. The study used the review article method which original research and relevant experimental studies, as well as review articles, were critically read and analyzed for inclusion in this paper. The superior varieties have contributed to rice production increase due to their ability to adapt to climate change. Stress-tolerant and adaptive superior varieties may cope with high iron solubility and acidity of tidal swamp land. Moreover, it also has a shorter crop duration, resistance to certain pests and diseases, biotic and abiotic stress resistance, with higher and more stable production. Some of the superior varieties that adapted well in tidal swamp land are Mekongga, Ciherang, Inpari 10, 13, 22, 31, 32, 33 dan 42, Inpara 1,3, 5, 7, and 9.
Dynamics of basal area increment and carbon value of natural forest stands in response to the El Nino occurrence in East Kalimantan
Authors: Susanty F H , Abdurachman  , Cahyono D D N 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Climate change will have an impact on ecosystems, both flora and fauna. Forest stands or vegetation will have different resilience. This is indicated by a varied growth response. This study aims to show the dynamics of vegetation increment and carbon value of natural forest stands in response to the occurrence of El Nino. The research was conducted on permanent sample plots of primary mixed Dipterocarps forest in Labanan, East Kalimantan, which was built as many as 12 plots (12 ha) which were monitored along for 30 years (measurement period 1990-2020). The approach to assessing the vegetation response is based on the parameters of the basal area increment level and the carbon value of stands which are divided into aboveground and total. The analysis of the dynamics of the response is arranged in terms of time, with the existence of long post-el Nino drought conditions that occurred in 1997/1998 and 2015 in East Kalimantan. Variations in growth dynamics will occur in species groups based on ecophysiology factors. Assessment of primary forest provides an overview of growth rates based on genetic characteristics of the vegetation composition. The existence of El Nino as a factor in this condition is possible to decrease the density and basal area increment of stand after fourth year. The El Nino effect will reduce the total carbon value of primary forest stands by around 7.7-20.3% from the initial reserve.
Application of Azolla mycrophylla in combination with chicken manure to initiate rice organic farming in sandy soil
Authors: Syamsiyah J , Herawati A , Mujiyo  , Putri E F , Pangastuti T S , Afnani L S , Putri M W S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Organic agriculture needs to be continuously developed, in anticipation of climate change and the availability of inorganic fertilizers Therefore, it is necessary to look for local various organic matter that is potential and affordable to farmers. This study aims to determine the effect of Azolla mycrophylla (AM) and chicken manure (CM) on the growth of rice cultivated organically in sandy soil. The pot research used a factorial completely randomized design with 2 factors, the first factor was 4 levels of Azolla mycrophylla, namely. 0, 50, 100, and 150 tonnes ha−1. The second factor is chicken manure at a rate of 0, 20, and 40 tonnes ha−1. Azolla mycrophylla and chicken manure were given 2 weeks before planting. The results showed that there was an interaction between AM and CM on plant height, number of leaves, and number of tillers. At the age of 84 days after planting, the highest plant height, leaf number, and a number of tillers were found in the treatment of AM 50 tonnes ha−1 and chicken manure 20 tonnes ha−1. The use of Azolla mycrophylla 50 tonnes ha−1 is equivalent to reducing Urea fertilizer by 261 kg ha−1 or equivalent to N in the amount of 120 kg ha−1.
Water efficienty and eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) growth with size pottery irrigation in Alfisols and Entisols
Authors: Rahayu  , Aktavia H , Fabian H S , Komariah  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Climate change sues more effects in irrigation water management. The dry season is a major problem for the cultivation o rainfed crops. Subsurface irrigation with pottery potentially as a way out for rainfed crop cultivation. This study aims to determine the size and origin of pottery which has a high level of irrigation efficiency. This research is a pot experiment with pottery irrigation treatment with water seeping out of the pot into the soil efficiency and to obtain the size of the irrigation pot and the original material that is effective as a water pottery. Purple eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) was planted in Alfisols and Entisols soil in pots with a diameter of 60 cm and irrigation with pottery. The potteries were buried in the soil in the planting media, and the water was filled through the neck of the pottery and the volume measured every day as consumption of irrigation. The pottery used is from the center of the pottery Industry in Java, namely Bayat and Kasongan, with a volume of 7 liters and a small 3 liters. Result showed that the 3 liters size of pottery Kasongan produced more fruit than other treatment in Alfisols and efficient irrigation in Entisols than other pottery. The 3 liters pottery size is more water effiecient and has better plant yield than a 7 liter pot.
Understanding the factors of green advertising to adopt the environmental strategy
Authors: Othman N A , Alamsyah D P , Aryanto R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Climate change is changing weather patterns and catastrophic consequences throughout the world. To reduce the climate change issue, companies should be responsible for making sure their products does not harm to human beings and the planet. Companies are going green by introducing the environmental friendly product and promoting it through green advertising. However, companies should be able to understand consumer behavior to adapt to the environmental strategy. A study on factors of green advertising to adopt environmental strategy behaviorwas carried out among retail consumers. Indonesian retailers with environmental friendly products were selected, and 200 consumers have responded to the questionnaire. Results shows that factors of green advertising for environmental strategy behavior adaption consist of green impact, green message, green theme, green emotion, green experience, green interaction, and green claims. The three most dominant factors to increase green advertising value are green experience, green theme, and green message. This study provides the essential information for industries to engage in environmentally friendly products and to uphold environmental sustainability efforts.