bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translation, cross‐cultural adaptation, and reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the SF‐Qualiveen in people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Zenginler Yazgan Yonca , Tarakci Ela , Ovacik Ugur , Kurtuncu Murat 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimsThe short form Qualiveen (SF‐Qualiveen) is a simple, easy to understand, and valid scale used to evaluate the effect of urologic problems on quality of life in neurological patients. The aim of this study was to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Turkish version of the SF‐Qualiveen in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS).MethodsTranslation and cultural adaptation of the questionnaire was carried out after obtaining the necessary permissions. To decide on the final Turkish version of SF‐Qualiveen, ten pwMS with urologic problems were pre‐tested. Patients included in the study were asked to complete the Turkish SF‐Qualiveen and urinary distress inventory‐short form (UDI‐6) questionnaires. The validity and reliability of the scale were determined after the retest 2 weeks later.ResultsSixty‐three pwMS with urologic problems were enrolled. Internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.87) and reproducibility intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.97) were good for the total SF‐Qualiveen. The Cronbach's α and ICC values ranged from 0.43 to 0.77 and 0.88–0.98 for SF‐Qualiveen subscales, respectively. Content validity of the questionnaire was appropriate. A moderate correlation was founded between the SF‐Qualiveen and the UDI‐6 (r = 0.62; p < 0.001). There were no floor or ceiling effects in our study.ConclusionThe Turkish version of the SF‐Qualiveen is a valid and reliable questionnaire for pwMS.
A digital catalog of high‐density markers for banana germplasm collections
Authors: Rouard Mathieu , Sardos Julie , Sempéré Guilhem , Breton Catherine , Guignon Valentin , Van den Houwe Ines , Carpentier Sebastien C. , Roux Nicolas 
Published: March 2021

Societal Impact StatementGlobal production of bananas, among the top 10 food crops worldwide, is under threat. Increasing the use of germplasm conserved in genebanks is crucial. However, the lack of or difficult access to genetic diversity information limits the efficient utilization of these valuable resources. Here, we present a digital catalog of high‐density markers for banana germplasm conserved at the international banana collection. By facilitating access to subsets of genetic diversity information, the catalog has potential to maximize conservation and use of climate‐ready varieties and to optimize breeding strategies. The catalog is extendable with data from any banana collection and the software is easily deployable in other crop genebanks.
Diffusion of Labile Chemical Species in HTPB and HTPB‐XT Solid Propellants and Its Effect over Solid Rocket Motor Properties on Aging – A Study
Authors: Selvakumar S. , Rao G. Sreenivasa , Reddy K. Audisesha 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHydroxyl terminated polybutadiene resin (HTPB) based solid propellants are being currently used in solid rocket motors of launch vehicles. HTPB‐XT (HTPB blended with the hydrocarbon oil, Extol‐21) was developed to enhance the pot life of the propellant slurry and to overcome the problems in the propellant processing due to the shorter pot life of present HTPB propellants. The diffusion study of labile chemical species in HTPB and HTPB‐XT propellants (with low and high viscosity hydrocarbon oils) was carried out. Analog cartons simulating the propellant of the main motor were cast with 120 kg mix level propellant and subjected to an aging study at room temperature and an accelerated condition at different intervals over a period of 100 days. Samples from the cartons were subjected to Soxhlet extraction and analyzed for concentration of chemical species in insulation rubber as well as in propellant. The change in concentration of species from the insulation to interior propellant was also studied and compared with HTPB propellant. The diffusion of the other chemicals along with plasticizer was also observed in these studies. Nonax‐D, a solid ingredient also migrated due to its solubility in the propellant matrix but not due to the movement of solid particles. Due to the migration of propellant chemicals into insulation, there was a significant reduction in their initial concentrations in the propellant regions adjacent to the insulation surface. The rate of diffusion of the chemically unbound species was affected by temperature and time. The results of viscosity build‐up, mechanical, interfacial, ballistic properties for HTPB and HTPB‐XT propellants are presented and discussed.
Molecular and biological features of Culex quinquefasciatus homozygous larvae for two cqm1 alleles that confer resistance to Lysinibacillus sphaericus larvicides
Authors: Menezes Heverly Suzany G , Nascimento Nathaly A , Paiva‐Cavalcanti Milena , da Costa‐Latgé Samara G , Genta Fernando A , Oliveira Cláudia MF , Romão Tatiany P , Silva‐Filha Maria Helena NL 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDCulex quinquefasciatus resistance to the binary toxin from Lysinibacillus sphaericus larvicides can occur because of mutations in the cqm1 gene that prevents the expression of the toxin receptor, Cqm1 α‐glucosidase. In a resistant laboratory‐selected colony maintained for more than 250 generations, cqm1REC and cqm1REC‐2 resistance alleles were identified. The major allele initially found, cqm1REC, became minor and was replaced by cqm1REC‐2. This study aimed to investigate the features associated with homozygous larvae for each allele to understand the reasons for the allele replacement and to generate knowledge on resistance to microbial larvicides.RESULTSHomozygous larvae for each allele were compared. Both larvae displayed the same level of resistance to the binary toxin (3500‐fold); therefore, a change in phenotype was not the reason for the replacement observed. The lack of Cqm1 expression did not reduce the total specific α‐glucosidase activity for homozygous cqm1REC and cqm1REC‐2 larvae, which were statistically similar to the susceptible strain, using artificial or natural substrates. The expression of eight Cqm1 paralog α‐glucosidases was demonstrated in resistant and susceptible larvae. Bioassays in which cqm1REC or cqm1REC‐2 homozygous larvae were reared under stressful conditions showed that most adults produced were cqm1REC‐2 homozygous (69%). Comparatively, in the offspring of a heterozygous sub‐colony reared under optimal conditions for 20 generations, the cqm1REC allele assumed a higher frequency (0.72).CONCLUSIONHomozygous larvae for each allele exhibited a similar resistant phenotype. However, they presented specific advantages that might favor their selection and can be used in designing resistance management practices. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Development of a simple and accurate molecular tool for Spodoptera frugiperda species identification using LAMP
Authors: Kim Juil , Nam Hwa Y , Kwon Min , Kim Hyun J , Yi Hwi J , Haenniger Sabine , Unbehend Melanie , Heckel David G 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda is a native species of the Americas. First detected in western and central Africa in early 2016, it has become one of the most serious invasive lepidopteran pests in many African and Asian countries. S. frugiperda has spread very quickly; however, there are no molecular‐based, simple and accurate diagnostic tools for identification of this species in the field. Methods to identify invasive S. frugiperda are urgently needed because farmers and agricultural managers have no prior experience with this pest.RESULTSBased on mitochondrial genome sequence alignment, a S. frugiperda‐specific sequence region was identified in the transfer RNA‐coding region between NADH dehydrogenase, ND3, and ND5. Using this unique region, species‐diagnostic primers were designed and applied in a loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay and a conventional polymerase chain reaction to identify field‐collected samples of S. frugiperda. The optimal incubation conditions for the LAMP assay were 61°C for 90 min with four LAMP primers; an additional loop primer increased the amplification efficiency. A response was obtained for a wide range of DNA concentrations in the LAMP assay and the minimum detectable DNA concentration was 10 pg.CONCLUSIONSWe developed a new LAMP‐based molecular diagnostic method that it is easy to use and accurate. The LAMP assay was used with a DNA‐releasing technique for larval and adult samples, without a DNA extraction step, by incubating the tissue sample at 95°C for 5 min. This method can be applied in intensive field monitoring of S. frugiperda and its ecological studies. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Recommendations for offline combustion‐based nitrogen isotopic analysis of silicate minerals and rocks
Authors: Li Long , Li Kan , Li Yingzhou , Zhang Ji , Du Yifan , Labbe Mark 
Published: March 2021

RationaleDue to isotope fractionations during partial nitrogen release from minerals and rocks, the complete extraction of nitrogen for analysis is crucial to ensure high‐quality nitrogen isotopic data. However, the appropriate nitrogen extraction conditions (e.g. temperature, duration) have not been established for most silicate minerals and rocks.MethodsNitrogen in a number of common minerals and rocks was extracted using the most robust sealed‐tube offline combustion techniques, purified and quantified in a custom‐made metal manifold, and carried by helium gas to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer for isotopic measurement at nanomolar nitrogen level. Each mineral or rock was combusted in a variety of temperature and duration conditions to compare the nitrogen yields and isotopic compositions.ResultsThe nitrogen yields and isotopic compositions of minerals and rocks are strongly affected by combustion temperature and duration. The optimal combustion temperature is lowest for cyclosilicate minerals, followed by phyllosilicate, tectosilicate and inosilicate minerals. Preheating of samples can induce significant nitrogen loss and δ15N shift. Heating of samples above their optimal temperatures may cause nitrogen re‐assimilation by the residual mineral or rock.ConclusionsEach mineral or rock has a characteristic optimal temperature and duration for complete nitrogen release. Preheating, under‐heating or over‐heating can cause nitrogen loss and isotopic shift. Therefore, we recommend using the offline combustion techniques and the optimal combustion conditions obtained in this study for nitrogen quantification and isotopic analysis of silicate minerals and rocks.
Characterization of Molecular Arrangement of Long‐chain Ferrocenyl Derivatives Having Asymmetric Carbon by Method of Organized Molecular Films and Formation of Its Helical Nanofibers
Authors: Kimura Yusuke , Mashiyama Yuki , Maruyama Haruka , Kawabata Youhei , Kijima Tatsuro , Fujimori Atsuhiro 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFormation of organized molecular film and helical nanofibers of ferrocene derivatives having R‐12‐hydroxystearyl chains with asymmetric carbon was investigated. The 12‐hydroxystearyl chain, which induces “thixotropy” due to the formation and breakage of intermolecular hydrogen bonds, was introduced into the ferrocenyl unit. The structure of this derivative as a monolayer on the water surface and its Langmuir‐Blodgett (LB) film properties were analyzed. The monolayer showed a two‐dimensional phase transition, corresponding to the formation of fibrous morphology. In the LB multilayers, intermolecular hydrogen bonding between hydroxyl groups at the 12‐position of the chain and crystalline packing was observed. Raman mapping revealed the difference in surface morphology of each derivative depending on the number of 12‐hydroxystearyl chains. The derivative having the single chain showed a right‐handed helical morphology in the film and this behavior is similar to those having two and three chains. In circular dichroism spectra, the film showed a positive Cotton effect. Since the helical chains easily entangle with each other to form a sponge‐like organization, it was expected that the solvent uptake was the origin of gelation induction to its contact solvent.
Hydrazone‐Based Supramolecular Organogel for Selective Chromogenic Detection of Organophosphorus Nerve Agent Mimic
Authors: Abdelrahman Meram S. , Khattab Tawfik A. , Kamel Samir 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSynthesis and spectroscopic characterization of a low molecular mass organogelator based on alkyl chain‐substituted tricyanofuran hydrazone (TCFH) dyes are described for detecting organophosphorus based nerve agent mimic. The reactivity of the prepared TCFH‐based organogel towards diethylchlorophosphonate (DCP) has been examined in organic phases. TCFH chromophore showed a successful gelation ability of different organic solvents. In addition, responsiveness of TCFH to nerve agent mimic with a gel‐sol reversible switching was monitored associated with colorimetric shifting from yellow to blue. The supramolecular self‐assembly of TCFH occurs via van der Waals interactions as well as cooperative π‐π stacking leading to gel formation in organic solvents. Moreover, the existence of nerve agents‐based gases results in a remarkable variation in the rheological behavior of the tricyanofuran hydrazone‐based gel. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrated that the xerogel generated from n‐propanol (n‐PrOH) is able to create fibrous supramolecular architecture with the ability for naked‐eye detection of a nerve agent mimic. The development of TCFH‐based supramolecular organogel in organic solvents was disturbed by the nerve agent mimic presenting a novel detection technique for organophosphorus warfare agents.
Click Synthesis of Novel 3‐(2‐(2,4,5‐Triphenyl‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)ethyl)‐1H‐indoles Catalyzed by Glacial Acetic Acid and their Antibacterial Evaluation
Authors: Tamilselvi Velmurugan , Lalitha Appaswami 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this communication, we wish to report a click, simple and efficient one‐pot four component synthesis of a new series of 3‐(2‐(2,4,5‐triphenyl‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)ethyl)‐1H‐indoles using catalytic quantity of acetic acid. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in‐vitro antibacterial activity against gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram‐negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. Tetracycline was used as standard in this antibacterial investigation. The present protocol has several advantages such as excellent yields, very shorter reaction time, operational simplicity, mild reaction conditions, easy work up, inexpensive, easily available catalyst and starting materials, a cleaner reaction media and no need for any chromatographic separation techniques. The synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H, 13C‐NMR and ESI‐MS analyses.
Crystallization of Sodium Bicarbonate in the Presence of Trace Amounts of HPMA
Authors: Sun Weiwei , Liu Qiaoqiao , Lin Guihong , Zhou Jian , Huang Liangliang , Liu Chang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe effect of trace amounts of hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride (HPMA) on the crystallization of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) has been investigated by molecular simulation and experimental methods. Cooling crystallization experiments show that the trace HPMA molecule effectively promotes the formation of larger NaHCO3 crystals. Besides, the crystal morphology changes from needle‐like to flake‐like. The determination of the metastable zone width of NaHCO3 and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) observation confirmed that the spontaneous nucleation processes are suppressed. Molecule simulation was used to explore the interaction of HPMA molecule and different crystal faces of NaHCO3. It was found that the binding energy between HPMA and NaHCO3 surface is greater than the corresponding attachment energy of NaHCO3 surface. The electrostatic interaction energy between double‐bonded oxygen on the HPMA molecule and the Na+ of the NaHCO3 crystal plane plays a dominant role in the additive molecule‘s adsorption on the NaHCO3 crystal surface. This work suggests that HPMA could serve as an inhibitor of nucleation and impact NaHCO3 crystallization.
An early‐diverging procolophonid from the lowermost Triassic of South America and the origins of herbivory in Procolophonoidea
Authors: Pinheiro Felipe L. , Silva‐Neves Eduardo , Da‐Rosa Átila A. S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractProcolophonoidea was the only parareptile clade to survive the end‐Permian mass extinction, and they experienced a major adaptive radiation during the Triassic. The flourishing of procolophonoid lineages in highly stressful post‐extinction environments may be, at least in part, a result of their early adaptations to herbivory, which would eventually become the most common feeding strategy in later representatives of the group. Although procolophonoids are comparatively diverse in the South African Lystrosaurus declivis Assemblage Zone, only the Gondwanan widespread taxon Procolophon trigoniceps has been thus far reported in South American deposits of similar age. Here, we present a new procolophonid genus and species from the Lower Triassic Sanga do Cabral Formation of Brazil. Oryporan insolitus gen. et sp. nov. combines typical adaptations suggestive of herbivory with primitive character states that are peculiar to early procolophonoids. Accordingly, phylogenetic analysis places the new species as an early‐diverging procolophonid, thus far the phylogenetically earliest to develop apparent adaptations for herbivory. Character optimization shows that the bulbous, labiolingually expanded molariforms of most procolophonids (usually interpreted as indicative of high‐fibre herbivory) were co‐opted from an insectivorous dentition. The new taxon also highlights the diversity of feeding habits displayed by Early Triassic procolophonoids, which was probably crucial for the survival of the clade in post‐extinction disaster communities.
Semi‐precast segmental bridges: Development of a new construction method using thin‐walled prefabricated concrete elements
Authors: Fasching Stephan , Huber Tobias , Rath Michael , Kollegger Johann 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn order to understand the overall picture, the different technologies for the use of thin‐walled prefabricated elements in bridge construction as well as the first‐time application of them in a bridge project in Austria are described in this paper. Thereafter a newly developed construction method for the on‐site fabrication of lightweight box‐shaped segments from thin‐walled concrete elements, strengthened with steel girders, is explained with the focus lying on the construction of a prototype in a 1:1 scaling. The conceptional design, the manufacturing in a prefabrication plant in Austria and the transport to a construction site are illustrated. Finally, an application example of the new technology is shown based on a design using the incremental launching method. The research confirms the feasibility of the on‐site assembly of segments from thin‐walled prefabricated elements and that this construction method, once minor constructive details will be solved in the ongoing research project, has great potential for a broad application in bridge construction.
Population measures of subjective cognitive decline: A means of advancing public health policy to address cognitive health
Authors: Olivari Benjamin S. , Baumgart Matthew , Taylor Christopher A. , McGuire Lisa C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSubjective cognitive decline (SCD) is receiving increasing attention as studies have suggested that SCD status is associated with risk of future cognitive decline and dementia. Population‐based measures of SCD can be extremely useful to the public health community, health‐care providers, researchers, and policymakers. A large population‐based SCD measure now exists through the state‐based Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). All 50 states have included the cognitive decline module, which asks about SCD, to their BRFSS survey one or more times. Population measures of SCD can aid researchers in designing clinical studies by better estimating the populations that may be at risk for more severe cognitive decline based on their SCD status to ensure that the optimal groups are targeted. Population‐level estimates of SCD can also help to inform health‐care providers’ decisions about initiating cognitive assessments, managing other conditions among those with memory problems, and identifying the needs of caregivers.
Tumours in 177 pet hamsters
Authors: Rother Nancy , Bertram Christof A. , Klopfleisch Robert , Fragoso‐Garcia Marco , Bomhard Wolf V. , Schandelmaier Claudia , Müller Kerstin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground: Even though tumours are considered to occur frequently in pet hamsters, there is only a small number of scientific reports in current literature.Methods: Pathological reports from 177 hamsters were evaluated.Results: Of these, 78 were male and 75 were female. Median age of affected hamsters was 12 months (range 2–34). Integumental tumours were the most common neoplasms (62%, 109/177). As far as species was known, the number of Syrian hamsters (52%, 30/58) affected by tumours seemed to be lower than the number of affected dwarf hamsters (85%, 47/55). Tumours of the hematopoietic system were the second most frequently neoplasms (17%, 30/177). Relative number of neoplasms of the endocrine system, tumours of the digestive system (1.7%, 3/177) and other tumours (4%, 7/177 each) was low. The majority of integumental tumours were epithelial (66%; 91/126).Conclusion: This study aimed to analyze data from veterinary surgeries and pathological institutes about the occurrence of spontaneous tumours in Syrian hamsters and dwarf hamsters to give information about the frequency of tumours, prognosis and survival time. This is the first study about tumours in pet hamsters in Germany so far.
Time series analysis via network science: Concepts and algorithms
Authors: Silva Vanessa Freitas , Silva Maria Eduarda , Ribeiro Pedro , Silva Fernando 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThere is nowadays a constant flux of data being generated and collected in all types of real world systems. These data sets are often indexed by time, space, or both requiring appropriate approaches to analyze the data. In univariate settings, time series analysis is a mature field. However, in multivariate contexts, time series analysis still presents many limitations. In order to address these issues, the last decade has brought approaches based on network science. These methods involve transforming an initial time series data set into one or more networks, which can be analyzed in depth to provide insight into the original time series. This review provides a comprehensive overview of existing mapping methods for transforming time series into networks for a wide audience of researchers and practitioners in machine learning, data mining, and time series. Our main contribution is a structured review of existing methodologies, identifying their main characteristics, and their differences. We describe the main conceptual approaches, provide authoritative references and give insight into their advantages and limitations in a unified way and language. We first describe the case of univariate time series, which can be mapped to single layer networks, and we divide the current mappings based on the underlying concept: visibility, transition, and proximity. We then proceed with multivariate time series discussing both single layer and multiple layer approaches. Although still very recent, this research area has much potential and with this survey we intend to pave the way for future research on the topic.This article is categorized under:
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Data Concepts
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Knowledge Representation