bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic-resistant profile and the factors affecting the intravenous antibiotic treatment course of generalized Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome: a retrospective study
Authors: Yang Tao , Wang Jiangyi , Cao Junya , Zhang Xinyue , Lai Yun , Li Longnian , Ye Xiaoying , You Cong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS) is caused by a special type of Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) which can produce exfoliative toxins. The generalized SSSS is recommended to be admitted and treated with intravenous antibiotics. However, there were limited reports on whether personal and clinical factors can have impacts on the duration of intravenous antibiotic application for pediatric patients with generalized SSSS.
We performed a study to assess the factors affecting intravenous antibiotic treatment course of SSSS patients. Additionally, the positive culture rates of S.aureus in different samples and the antibiotic-resistant profile were investigated.

Methods
Two hundred nineteen patients with generalized SSSS were included. Gender, age, area, season, maximum axillary temperature, white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP) level, types of intravenous antibiotics, and types of external antibiotics were recorded as the baseline. Simple linear regression was applied in the univariate analysis to determine the variables with statistical significance and then these variables were further examined in multivariate linear regression model. The positive culture rates of S.aureus in different sample sources were calculated and the drug sensitivity results were statistically compared by pairwise Chi square test.

Results
According to the multiple linear regression, older ages (β = − 0.01, p < 0.05) and external application of fusidic acid (β = − 1.57, p < 0.05) were associated with shorter treatment course, elevated leukocytes (β = 0.11, p < 0.001) and CRP level (β = 1.64, p < 0.01) were associated with longer treatment course. The positive culture rates of periorificial swabs, throat swabs, and blood samples were 54.55, 30.77, and 5.97% respectively. The resistant rates of levofloxacin (8.33%), gentamycin (8.33%), tetracycline (25%), oxacillin (8.33%), vancomycin (0%) were significantly lower than the ones of erythromycin (100%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) (83.33%), clindamycin (91.67%), penicillin G(100%) (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Elevated leukocytes and CRP level indicated prolonged intravenous antibiotic treatment course. Older ages and external application of fusidic acid helped to reduce the treatment course. Compared with blood samples, the culture positive rates of S.aureus in periorificial and throat swabs were higher. Oxacillin and vancomycin resistance was rare and clindamycin resistance was common. Clindamycin monotherapy for SSSS should be avoided.
The Pre-Diabetes Interventions and Continued Tracking to Ease-out Diabetes (Pre-DICTED) program: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yeung Kar-Fu , Gandhi Mihir , Lam Amanda Yun Rui , Julianty Selly , Chia Alvin Yeow Meng , Tan Gilbert Choon Seng , Goh Su-Yen , Ho Emily Tse Lin , Koh Angela Fang Yung , Tan Gavin Siew Wei , Shum Eugene Jin Wen , Finkelstein Eric A. , Jafar Tazeen H. , Teoh Yee Leong , van Dam Rob M. , Whitton Clare , Thumboo Julian , Bee Yong Mong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Community-based diabetes prevention programs varied widely in effectiveness, and the intervention strategy consisting of lifestyle interventions, stepwise addition of metformin, and financial incentives has not been studied in real-world clinical practice settings. The Pre-Diabetes Interventions and Continued Tracking to Ease-out Diabetes (Pre-DICTED) trial is a pragmatic trial that aims to compare the effectiveness of a community-based stepwise diabetes prevention program with added financial incentives (intervention) versus the standard of care (control) in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes over 3 years among overweight or obese individuals with pre-diabetes.

Methods
This is an open-label, 1:1 randomized controlled trial which aims to recruit 846 adult individuals with isolated impaired fasting glucose (IFG), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), or both IFG and IGT from Singapore. Intervention arm participants attend 12 group-based sessions (2 nutrition workshops, 9 exercise sessions, and a goal-setting workshop) delivered at community sites (weeks 1 to 6), receive weekly physical activity and nutrition recommendations delivered by printed worksheets (weeks 7 to 12), and receive monthly health tips delivered by text messages (months 4 to 36). From month 6 onwards, intervention arm participants who remain at the highest risk of conversion to diabetes are prescribed metformin. Intervention arm participants are also eligible for a payment/rewards program with incentives tied to attendance at the group sessions and achievement of the weight loss target (5% of baseline weight). All participants are assessed at baseline, month 3, month 6, and every 6 months subsequently till month 36. The primary endpoint is the proportion of participants with diabetes at 3 years. Secondary endpoints include the mean change from baseline at 3 years in fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour plasma glucose, HbA1c, body weight, body mass index, physical activity, and dietary intake.

Discussion
The Pre-DICTED trial will provide evidence of the effectiveness and feasibility of a community-based stepwise diabetes prevention program with added financial incentives for individuals with pre-diabetes in Singapore. The study will provide data for a future cost-effectiveness analysis, which will be used to inform policymakers of the value of a nationwide implementation of the diabetes prevention program.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.govNCT03503942. Retrospectively registered on April 20, 2018.
Protocol version: 5.0 Date: 1 March 2019
An epidemiological survey of Dirofilaria spp. and Acanthocheilonema spp. in dogs from the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Dumitrache Mirabela Oana , D’Amico Gianluca , Voiniţchi Eugeniu , Maximenco Serghei , Mircean Viorica , Ionică Angela Monica 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
During the last decades, filarial infections caused by Dirofilaria spp. have spread rapidly within dog populations of several European countries. Increasing scientific interest in filariasis, and the availability of new diagnostic tools, has led to improved knowledge of the biology, morphology, and epidemiology of different species of filarial worms. However, data are still scarce for a number of countries, including the Republic of Moldova. Thus, we assessed the epidemiological status of canine filariasis in the Republic of Moldova to address part of this knowledge gap.

Methods
A total of 120 blood samples were collected between June 2018 and July 2019 from dogs originating from the cities of Cahul and Chişinău. The samples were examined microscopically, and multiplex polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate filarioid species diversity.

Results
Microscopic examination revealed that 12 dogs (10.0%) were positive for circulating microfilariae. The molecular test showed that one dog was positive for Acanthocheilonema reconditum (0.8%), one for Dirofilariaimmitis (0.8%), six for Dirofilariarepens (5.0%), and four (3.3%) harboured a co-infection with D. immitis and D. repens. Prevalence was significantly higher in dogs aged ≥ 2 years.

Conclusions
The epidemiological survey presented here for the Republic of Moldova confirmed the presence D. immitis, D. repens and A. reconditum in dogs that had not received any heartworm preventive.

Graphical abstract
Trabecular bone texture analysis of conventional radiographs in the assessment of knee osteoarthritis: review and viewpoint
Authors: Almhdie-Imjabbar Ahmad , Podsiadlo Pawel , Ljuhar Richard , Jennane Rachid , Nguyen Khac-Lan , Toumi Hechmi , Saarakkala Simo , Lespessailles Eric 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Trabecular bone texture analysis (TBTA) has been identified as an imaging biomarker that provides information on trabecular bone changes due to knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Consequently, it is important to conduct a comprehensive review that would permit a better understanding of this unfamiliar image analysis technique in the area of KOA research.
We examined how TBTA, conducted on knee radiographs, is associated to (i) KOA incidence and progression, (ii) total knee arthroplasty, and (iii) KOA treatment responses. The primary aims of this study are twofold: to provide (i) a narrative review of the studies conducted on radiographic KOA using TBTA, and (ii) a viewpoint on future research priorities.

Method
Literature searches were performed in the PubMed electronic database. Studies published between June 1991 and March 2020 and related to traditional and fractal image analysis of trabecular bone texture (TBT) on knee radiographs were identified.

Results
The search resulted in 219 papers. After title and abstract scanning, 39 studies were found eligible and then classified in accordance to six criteria: cross-sectional evaluation of osteoarthritis and non-osteoarthritis knees, understanding of bone microarchitecture, prediction of KOA progression, KOA incidence, and total knee arthroplasty and association with treatment response. Numerous studies have reported the relevance of TBTA as a potential bioimaging marker in the prediction of KOA incidence and progression. However, only a few studies have focused on the association of TBTA with both OA treatment responses and the prediction of knee joint replacement.

Conclusion
Clear evidence of biological plausibility for TBTA in KOA is already established. The review confirms the consistent association between TBT and important KOA endpoints such as KOA radiographic incidence and progression. TBTA could provide markers for enrichment of clinical trials enhancing the screening of KOA progressors. Major advances were made towards a fully automated assessment of KOA.
Gut microbiota influence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
Authors: Cunningham A. L. , Stephens J. W. , Harris D. A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA strong and expanding evidence base supports the influence of gut microbiota in human metabolism. Altered glucose homeostasis is associated with altered gut microbiota, and is clearly associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated complications. Understanding the causal association between gut microbiota and metabolic risk has the potential role of identifying susceptible individuals to allow early targeted intervention.
Implanted subcutaneous versus intraperitoneal bioscaffold seeded with hepatocyte-like cells: functional evaluation
Authors: Fares Amal Elham , Gabr Hala , ShamsEldeen Asmaa Mohammed , Farghali Haithem A. M. , Rizk Mazen Mohamed Salem Mohamed , Mahmoud Bassem Essam , Tammam Ahmed Bakr Ahmed , Mahmoud Ayman Magdy Ahmed , Suliman Alaa Abdulfattah Mahmoud , Ayyad Mohamed Abdelhamid Ali , Ahmed Sahar Hassan , Hassan Rokia Mohamad 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background and objectives
The X-linked bleeding disorder, hemophilia A, is caused by defective production of factor VIII (FVIII). Hemophilic patients require regular FVIII infusions. Recombinant factor replacement poses the safest line of therapy. However, its main drawbacks are high expenses and the higher liability for formation of inhibitors. Recent studies confirmed the ability of bone marrow-derived stem cells to secrete FVIII. This study aims to generate bioscaffold from decellularized liver and subsequently seed it with trans-differentiated human stem cells into hepatic-like cells. This scaffold can then be implanted intraperitoneally or subcutaneously to provide FVIII.

Methods
After generation of the bioscaffold, seeding of discoid scaffolds with trans-differentiated human hepatocyte-like cells was performed. Then, the generated organoid was implanted into peritoneal cavity or subcutaneous tissue of experimental rats.

Results
Serum human FVIII was significantly increased in rats subjected to subcutaneous implantation compared intraperitoneal implantation. Immunostaining for detecting Cytokeratin 19 and human anti-globulin confirmed the presence of mature human hepatocytes that were significantly increased in subcutaneous implanted scaffold compared to the intraperitoneal one.

Conclusion
Implantation of decellularized bioscaffold seeded with trans-differentiated stem cells in rats was successful to establish production of FVIII. Subcutaneous implantation showed higher FVIII levels than intraperitoneal implantation.
Applications of Orlicz–Pettis theorem in vector valued multiplier spaces of generalized weighted mean fractional difference operators
Authors: Raj Kuldip , Jasrotia Swati , Mursaleen M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this study, we deal with some new vector valued multiplier spaces$S_{G_{h}}(\sum_{k}z_{k})$SGh(∑kzk)and$S_{wG_{h}}(\sum_{k}z_{k})$SwGh(∑kzk)related with$\sum_{k}z_{k}$∑kzkin a normed spaceY. Further, we obtain the completeness of these spaces via weakly unconditionally Cauchy series inYand$Y^{*}$Y∗. Moreover, we show that if$\sum_{k}z_{k}$∑kzkis unconditionally Cauchy inY, then the multiplier spaces of$G_{h}$Gh-almost convergence and weakly$G_{h}-$Gh−almost convergence are identical. Finally, some applications of the Orlicz–Pettis theorem with the newly formed sequence spaces and unconditionally Cauchy series$\sum_{k}z_{k}$∑kzkinYare given.
“… I would have left that man long time ago but, …” exploring circumstances of and motivators for repeat adolescent birth in Eastern Uganda
Authors: Amongin Dinah , Kaharuza Frank , Hanson Claudia , Nakimuli Annettee , Mutesi Susan , Benova Lenka , Atuyambe Lynn 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
First birth before 18 years has declined in Uganda unlike repeat adolescent birth (=second or more births before age 20 years). We explored the circumstances of and motivators for repeat adolescent birth in Eastern Uganda.

Methods
Between January and March 2020, we conducted a qualitative study involving 70 individual in-depth interviews with purposively selected respondents - 20-25-year-old women with and without repeat adolescent birth, their partners, and parents, in the communities of Teso sub-region. We conducted latent content analysis.

Results
Four major themes emerged: poverty, vulnerability, domestic violence, and demotivators. Sub-themes identified under poverty were: “limited provisions”, “peasantry”, “large families”, “dropping out of school”, “alcohol abuse”, and “broken family structure”. Vulnerability included “marital entrapment” and “partner coercion”. Demotivators included: “abandonment”, “stern warning”, “objection to marriage”, and “empowerment”. Extreme poverty resulted in inadequate provision of basic needs leading to unprotected sexual activity in a bid to secure financial support. Following the first birth, more than three quarters of the women with repeat adolescent birth reported increased economic distress that forced them to remain in unwanted marriage/union, often characterized by partner coercion, despite wanting to delay that repeat birth. Women without repeat adolescent birth avoided a second birth by empowerment through: an economic activity, contraception use, and resumption of schooling.

Conclusion
Repeat adolescent birth in Uganda is premised around attempts to address the economic distress precipitated by first birth. Many women want to delay that repeat birth but the challenges robbed them of their reproductive autonomy. Beyond efforts to prevent first birth, programs need to address economic empowerment, ensure contraceptive access, and school re-integration for adolescent mothers in order to prevent shortly-spaced repeat births.
Fluctuations in barriers to medication treatment for opioid use disorder prescribing over the course of a one-year external facilitation intervention
Authors: Gustavson Allison M. , Kenny Marie E. , Wisdom Jennifer P. , Salameh Hope A. , Ackland Princess E. , Gordon Adam J. , Hagedorn Hildi J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is invested in expanding access to medication treatment for opioid use disorder (MOUD) to save lives. Access varies across VHA facilities and, thus, requires implementation strategies to promote system-wide adoption of MOUD. We conducted a 12-month study employing external facilitation that targeted MOUD treatment among low-adopting VHA facilities. In this study, we sought to evaluate the patterns of perceived barriers over 1 year of external implementation facilitation using the integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework.

Methods
We randomly selected eight VHA facilities from the bottom quartile of the proportion of Veterans with an OUD diagnosis receiving MOUD (< 21%). The 1-year external implementation intervention included developmental evaluation to tailor the facilitation, an on-site visit, and monthly facilitation calls. Facilitators recorded detailed notes for each call on a structured template. Qualitative data was analyzed by coding and mapping barriers to the constructs in the i-PARIHS framework (Innovation, Recipients, Context). We identified emerging themes within each construct by month.

Results
Barriers related to the Innovation, such as provider perception of the need for MOUD in their setting, were minimal throughout the 12-month study. Barriers related to Recipients were predominant and fluctuated over time. Recipient barriers were common during the initial months when providers did not have the training and waivers necessary to prescribe MOUD. Once additional providers (Recipients) were trained and waivered to prescribe MOUD, Recipient barriers dropped and then resurfaced as the facilities worked to expand MOUD prescribing to other clinics. Context barriers, such as restrictions on which clinics could prescribe MOUD and fragmented communication across clinics regarding the management of patients receiving MOUD, emerged more prominently in the middle of the study.

Conclusions
VHA facilities participating in 12-month external facilitation interventions experienced fluctuations in barriers to MOUD prescribing with contextual barriers emerging after a facilitated reduction in recipient- level barriers. Adoption of MOUD prescribing in low-adopting VHA facilities requires continual reassessment, monitoring, and readjustment of implementation strategies over time to meet challenges. Although i-PARIHS was useful in categorizing most barriers, the lack of conceptual clarity was a concern for some constructs.
Global status of tetracycline resistance among clinical isolates of Vibrio cholerae: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ahmadi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere has been an increasing resistance rate to tetracyclines, the first line treatment for cholera disease caused byV. cholerastrains, worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine the global status of resistance to this class of antibiotic amongV. choleraisolates.MethodsFor the study, electronic databases were searched using the appropriate keywords including: ‘Vibrio’, ‘cholera’, ‘Vibrio cholerae’, ‘V. cholerae’, ‘resistance’, ‘antibiotic resistance’, ‘antibiotic susceptibility’, ‘antimicrobial resistance’, ‘antimicrobial susceptibility’, ‘tetracycline’, and ‘doxycycline’. Finally, after some exclusion, 52 studies from different countries were selected and included in the study and meta-analysis was performed on the collected data.ResultsThe average resistance rate for serogroup O1 to tetracycline and doxycycline was 50% and 28%, respectively (95% CI). A high level of heterogeneity (I2 > 50%,p-value < 0.05) was observed in the studies representing resistance to tetracycline and doxycycline in O1 and non-O1, non-O139 serogroups. The Begg’s tests did not indicate the publication bias (p-value > 0.05). However, the Egger’s tests showed some evidence of publication bias in the studies conducted on serogroup O1.ConclusionsThe results of the present study show that the overall resistance to tetracyclines is relatively high and prevalent amongV. choleraeisolates, throughout the world. This highlights the necessity of performing standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing prior to treatment choice along with monitoring and management of antibiotic resistance patterns ofV. choleraestrains in order to reduce the emergence and propagation of antibiotic resistant strains as well as the failure of treatment.
LncRNA-TUG1 promotes the progression of infantile hemangioma by regulating miR-137/IGFBP5 axis
Authors: Zhou Lili , Jia Xiao , Yang Xiangzheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Previous studies indicated that lncRNA taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) played essential roles in human cancers. This study aimed to investigate its function in infantile hemangioma (IH).

Methods
A total of 30 pairs of clinical infantile specimens were used in this study. The expression of TUG1 in IH tissues was assessed by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). Two short hairpin RNA targeting TUG1 (sh-TUG1-1 and sh-TUG1-2) were transfected into hemangioma-derived endothelial cells, HemECs, to block its expression. The effects of TUG1 on HemECs were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation assay, wound healing assay, and Transwell assay. The underlying molecular mechanism of TUG1 was investigated by Starbase prediction and luciferase reporter assay and further determined by loss- and gain-of-function approaches. In addition, the role of TUG1 on tumorigenesis of HemECs was confirmed in an in vivo mouse model.

Results
TUG1 was significantly upregulated in infant hemangioma tissues compared with normal adjacent subcutaneous tissues. The loss- and gain-of-function approaches indicated that TUG1 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of HemECs in vitro, and TUG1 knockdown inhibited the tumorigenesis of HemECs in vivo. Specifically, TUG1 could compete with IGFBP5 for miR137 binding. Rescue experiments further confirmed the role of the TUG1/miR137/IGFBP5 axis in HemECs.

Conclusion
TUG1 was closely associated with the progression of IH by regulating the miR-137/IGFBP5 axis, which might be a potential target for IH treatment.