bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘A Banca ao Serviço do Povo’: Política e Economia durante o PREC (1974-75), Ricardo Noronha (2018)
Authors: Santos João Pedro 
Published: January 2021

Review of: ‘A Banca ao Serviço do Povo’: Política e Economia durante o PREC (1974-75), Ricardo Noronha (2018)
Lisboa: Imprensa de História Contemporânea, 357 pp.,
ISBN 978-9-89983-888-8, e-book, Open Access
Burden of Future Liver Abnormalities in Patients With Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy
Authors: Monrose Erica , Bui Anthony , Rosenbluth Emma , Dickstein Daniel , Acheampong Derrick , Sigel Keith , Ferrara Lauren , Kushner Tatyana 
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION:
There are limited data on the incidence, predictors, and time to future liver abnormalities in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).

METHODS:
Single-center retrospective study of pregnant women with and without ICP who delivered from 2005 to 2009 evaluating incidence and time to future liver abnormalities. Women returning for care with liver function tests at a minimum of 6 months postpartum were included. Liver disease diagnoses and liver functions test abnormalities were compared. Time to development of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >25 U/L, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) >140 U/L, and diagnosis of liver disease (through imaging or clinical evaluation) were compared between women with and without ICP using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression models.

RESULTS:
A total of 255 women with ICP and 131 age-matched control subjects with delivery during the same period were identified. Subjects in both groups were similar in follow-up time, age at pregnancy, prepregnancy body mass index, and ethnicity (≥75% were Hispanic in both groups). On univariate analyses, ICP was associated with increased incidence of ALT >25 U/L P < 0.01 ALP >140 U/L (P < 0.01) and liver disease (P = 0.03). Adjusting for metabolic factors, ICP diagnosis was associated with risk of future liver abnormalities: postpartum ALT >25 U/L (hazard ratio [HR] 1.9, P < 0.01), ALP >140 U/L (HR 3.4, P < 0.01), and liver disease (HR 1.5, P = 0.05).

DISCUSSION:
In our cohort of urban women, ICP diagnosis predicted risk of future liver disease and abnormal liver tests. Women with pregnancies complicated by ICP may benefit from surveillance for postpartum liver abnormalities.

JOURNAL/ajgast/04.03/00000434-202103000-00025/inline-graphic1/v/2023-07-18T070745Z/r/image-tiff
Trials of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Lack Strategies to Ensure Appropriate Gastroprotection
Authors: Kurlander Jacob E. , Barnes Geoffrey D. , Sukul Devraj , Helminski Danielle , Kokaly Alex N. , Platt Kevin , Gurm Hitinder , Saini Sameer D. 
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Gastrointestinal bleeding is a morbid complication of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). We evaluated the extent to which contemporary trials of DAPT included steps to ensure appropriate use of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) gastroprotection and reported rates of PPI use.

METHODS:
A methodological review of randomized trials comparing varying durations of DAPT after percutaneous coronary intervention.

RESULTS:
Among 21 trials, none incorporated protocol procedures or guidance for prescribing PPIs. Five reported rates of PPI use (range 25.6–69.1%).

DISCUSSION:
PPI gastroprotection is overlooked in major trials of DAPT. Appropriate use of PPI gastroprotection represents an important opportunity to improve patient safety.
Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement for Treating Native Mitral Valve Disease: Current Status
Authors: Chen Yan , Hu Junjie , Wu Shunqiang , Zhang San , Wu Kaiqin , Wang Wenli , Zhou Yongxin 
Published: January 2021

Transcatheter mitral valve replacement is increasingly being used as a treatment for high-risk patients who have native mitral valve disease; however, no comprehensive studies on its effectiveness have been reported. We therefore searched the literature for reports on patients with native mitral valve disease who underwent transcatheter access treatment.
We found 40 reports, published from September 2013 through April 2017, that described the cases of 66 patients (mean age, 71 ± 12 yr; 30 women; 30 patients with mitral stenosis, 34 with mitral regurgitation, and 2 mixed) who underwent transcatheter mitral valve replacement. We documented their baseline clinical characteristics, comorbidities, diagnostic imaging results, procedural details, and postprocedural results.
Access was transapical in 41 patients and transseptal in 25. The 30-day survival rate was 82.5%. The technical success rate (83.3% overall) was slightly but not significantly better in patients who had mitral regurgitation than in those who had mitral stenosis. Transapical access procedures resulted in fewer valve-in-valve implantations than did transseptal access procedures (P=0.026).
These current results indicate that transcatheter mitral valve replacement is feasible in treating native mitral disease. The slightly higher technical success rate in patients who had mitral regurgitation suggests that a valve with a specific anchoring system is needed when treating mitral stenosis. Our findings indicate that transapical access is more reliable than transseptal access and that securely anchoring the valve is still challenging in transseptal access.
Safety and Outcomes of Transcatheter Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Children With Pulmonary Artery Hypertension
Authors: Salavitabar Arash , Krishnan Usha S. , Turner Mariel E. , Vincent Julie A. , Torres Alejandro J. , Crystal Matthew A. 
Published: January 2021

To investigate whether transcatheter device closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is safe in children with pulmonary artery hypertension, we retrospectively analyzed our experience with 33 patients who underwent the procedure from January 2000 through August 2015.
Pulmonary artery hypertension was defined as a pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) >3 WU · m2. All 33 children (median age, 14.5 mo; median weight, 8.1 kg) underwent successful closure device implantation and were followed up for a median of 17.2 months (interquartile range [IQR], 1.0–63.4 mo). During catheterization, the median PVRI was 4.1 WU · m2 (IQR, 3.6–5.3 WU · m2), and the median mean pulmonary artery pressure was 38.0 mmHg (IQR, 25.5–46.0 mmHg). Premature birth was associated with pulmonary vasodilator therapy at time of PDA closure ( P=0.001) but not with baseline PVRI (P=0.986). Three patients (9.1%) had device-related complications (one immediate embolization and 2 malpositions). Two of these complications involved embolization coils. Baseline pulmonary vasodilator therapy before closure was significantly associated with intensive care unit admission after closure (10/12 [83.3%] with baseline therapy vs 3/21 [14.3%] without; P <0.001). Of 11 patients receiving pulmonary vasodilators before closure and having a device in place long-term, 8 (72.7%) were weaned after closure (median, 24.0 mo [IQR, 11.0–25.0 mo]).
We conclude that transcatheter PDA closure can be performed safely in many children with pulmonary artery hypertension and improve symptoms, particularly in patients born prematurely. Risk factors for adverse outcomes are multifactorial, including coil use and disease severity. Multicenter studies in larger patient populations are warranted.
Weightlifting: An Applied Method of Technical Analysis
Authors: Chavda Shyam , Hill Mark , Martin Stuart , Swisher Anna , Haff G. Gregory , Turner Anthony N. 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Weightlifting is a highly technical sport that is governed by interactions of phases to optimize the load lifted. Given the technicality of the snatch and the clean and jerk, understanding key stable components to identify errors and better prescribe relevant exercises are warranted. The aim of this article is to present an applied method of analysis for coaches that considers the biomechanical underpinnings of optimal technique through stable interactions of the kinetics and kinematics of the lifter and barbell at key phases of the lift. This article will also look to discuss variable components that may differentiate between athletes and therefore provide a foundation in what to identify when coaching weightlifting to optimize load lifted while allowing for individual variances.
Features of exogenous development of Trichuris globulosa (Nematoda, Trichuridae)
Authors: Yevstafieva V. O. , Melnychuk V. V. , Kanivets N. S. , Dmitrenko N. I. , Karysheva L. P. , Filonenko S. V. 
Published: January 2021

Parasitic nematodes of the genus Trichuris Röderer, 1761 are hematophagous helminths, capable of parasitizing many different hosts including humans. The domestic and wild ruminants are hosts of several Trichuris species, with Trichuris globulosa (Linstow, 1901) one of the most prevalent parasites found in cattle. The exogenous stages of the helminth’s life cycle develop in the outer environment, and their activity and survival depend on the abiotic factors. Thus the aim of the work was to determine the influence of temperature on the rate and success of development of infectious eggs of T. globulosa in laboratory culture considering their morphological and metric changes. The results of experimental studies showed that the embryogenesis of T. globulosa eggs, cultured in laboratory conditions and obtained from gonads of female nematodes, occurs in six stages regardless of the temperature regime. At the same time, the rate of transition from one stage to another, the term for the formation of infectious eggs and their viability directly depends on the temperature of the external environment. At the optimal temperature for the development of T. globulosa eggs, 25 °C, 76.3% of eggs reached the mobile larva stage. A decrease in temperature to 20 °C and an increase to 30° C led to an increase in the egg mortality of up to 26% and 32%, respectively, and the viability of eggs decreased. Under such temperature conditions, 74% and 68% of eggs of Trichuris reached the mobile larva stage. With an increase in the culture temperature, the time of embryogenesis decreased and amounted to 56 days at 20 °C, 48 days at 25 °C, and 32 days at 30 °C. Depending on the temperature regime, the zygote stage lasted from the release of eggs from the gonads of female nematodes to 12 days, the stage of blastomere formation from 4 to 12 days, the stage of the bean-shaped embryo from 8 to 24 days, the stage of the tadpole embryo from 16 to 36 days, the stage of larval formation lasted from 16 to 48 days, the stage of mobile larva from days 20 to 56. The formation of the infectious T. globulosa egg from a non-infectious one is shown in an experiment to include the metric changes confirmed by metric indicators. Mature eggs with a mobile larva are shorter and wider, with shorter and narrower plugs and a thinner shell than eggs at the zygote stage. The obtained research results on the influence of temperature on the exogenous development of Trichuris globulosa will make it possible to predict the epizootic situation of trichurosis in animal husbandry, as well as take timely measures to arrest the embryonic stages of nematode development in the external environment.
Covid-19 with Pre-Existing Neurological Disease
Authors: Butt Maliha , Shirke Saloni , Jeyakumar Rishan , Echeverria Roberto , Platero-Portillo Tania , Hange Namrata , Wadagale Atul , Sama Srikar , Dominari Asimina , Banu Fahima , Singh-Makkar Sarbjot , Malanyaon Freda Q. , Llocclla-Delgado Sussan , Jeyakumar Roshan , Khan Asma , Arif Uroosa , Varri Pranavi , Shetty Adarsh , Patel Pooja , Sanchez-Gonzales Marcos 
Published: January 2021

Objective: COVID-19 has varying impact on different groups of people based on age, gender, race and comorbidities. Although the implications of COVID-19 on chronic pulmonary and cardiovascular disease have been extensively studied, the impact on neurological disease remains unclear. We attempt to identify the outcome and challenges of COVID-19 in patients with chronic neurological conditions.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 studies and 11,011 patients to compare composite poor outcome and mortality between patients with and without neurological comorbidities. We also analyzed the different clinical presentations and outcome of COVID-19 in different neurological conditions.

Results: We found a markedly higher incidence of composite poor outcome (Odds Ratio: 5.57, 95% CI: 3.81-8.12, P = 0.02) and a higher mortality (Odds Ratio: 6.47, 95% CI: 3.94 - 10.63, P = 0.008) among patients with pre-existing neurological disease, and no significantly different outcomes between patients with cerebrovascular disease and dementia. Linear Meta-regression analysis revealed that the impact of chronic neurological disease on COVID-19 was independent of chronic cardiovascular disease (P=0.406), hypertension (P=0.458), diabetes mellitus (P=0.512), COPD (P=0.281), and advanced age (p=0.066).

Conclusion: Patients with chronic neurological disease seem to develop moderate/severe COVID-19 more frequently, and have an increased mortality rate, independent of other comorbidities. They also show atypical clinical presentation in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Advanced age, cognitive dysfunction, immunosuppression, and respiratory muscle weakness might be responsible for the adverse COVID-19 outcomes in these patients.
Взгляд как философская проблема и клиническая реальность
Authors: Попова Ольга Владимировна 
Published: January 2021

<p>В статье исследуются различные этические аспекты проблемы взгляда. Показано, что философская традиция тематизации взгляда связана с особой рефлексией, спровоцированной ситуацией появления в поле зрения субъекта (Другого), заставляющего соотносить опыт присутствия в этом мире с позицией наблюдателя. Последний, являясь фактически судьей, вынуждает субъекта конституировать себя под чьим-либо пристальным взором. Тело, захваченное взглядом Другого, вызывает чувство утраты субъективности, а вместе с тем и свободы воли. Оно объективируется и низводится на уровень предметного мира, становится объектом манипуляции — тем, чем можно обладать и что можно использовать в своих собственных целях.</p><p>Развитие биомедицинских и информационных технологий открывает новые грани осмысления проблематики взгляда. С одной стороны, взгляд Другого формируется в пространстве клинической реальности, где экспертное знание врача определяет степень патологического состояния человеческой телесности. С другой, он дополняется «взглядом» технического устройства, позволяющего вынести вердикт об истинных причинах заболевания, которому может делегироваться полномочия эксперта.</p><p>Современная биотехнологическая революция приносит новые способы воздействия на биологию человека, а также новый способ взгляда на клиническое тело и видения биологической реальности сквозь призму биомедицинских технологий. Развиваются представления о клеточной, молекулярной, генетической идентичности человека. Трансформация клинического взгляда в эпоху биотехнологий приводит к широкому распространению представлений о лабильности человеческой природы, ее способности к бесконечным трансформациям: природу модифицируют в различных вариациях, конструируя новые образы биологической реальности. Взгляд фиксирует не просто данность природы, но ее заданность, способность стать проектом пластического хирурга — врача и художника в одном лице.</p><p>Кроме того, интенсивное развитие информационных технологий приводит к появлению цифровых репрезентаций человеческого тела. Информационные базы данных, которыми оперирует современная медицина (например, при существующих биобанках), имеют дело не с телесностью как таковой, но с ее информационной репрезентацией. Современность также поставила перед «философией взгляда» проблему «техновзгляда». Под ним подразумевается феномен приписывания технике (например, программному обеспечению, камерам, гуманоидным роботам) функции Другого (судьи, эксперта и т. д.), наблюдающего за человеком.</p>
Seismotectonic Snapshots: The 18 March 2020 Mw 5.7 Magna, 31 March 2020 Mw 6.5 Stanley, and 15 May 2020 Mw 6.5 Monte Cristo Intermountain West Earthquakes
Authors: Wesnousky Steven G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSeismological characteristics of the 18 March 2020 Mw 5.7 Magna, 31 March 2020 Mw 6.5 Stanley, and 15 May 2020 Mw 6.5 Monte Cristo Intermountain West earthquakes are largely consistent with expectations arising from observations accumulated over the ∼40  yr since implementation and subsequent growth of seismic networks in the broad region. Each occurred within a zone of relatively elevated seismicity, active faults, and geodetically observed strain accumulation. Aftershock distributions in each are confined primarily to depths of &lt;15  km, and the total number of aftershocks correlates with the relative size of the events. In each case, the number per day decays exponentially in the days following the mainshock. None of the mainshocks was preceded by a foreshock sequence that delivered a plausible warning of the impending earthquakes. With respect to tectonics, each earthquake brings new insights. The Stanley and Monte Cristo earthquakes are at the margins of geodetically defined regions of right-lateral transtension, though the pattern of faulting in each region is markedly different. The strike-slip mechanism of the Stanley earthquake stands in contrast to the zone of normal major range bounding faults and historical earthquake ruptures that characterize the region in which it occurred and is the first relatively well instrumented event to show a rupture extending northward through the Trans-Challis fault system. The Magna event has been interpreted to represent low-angle normal slip near the base of a listric Wasatch range bounding fault (Pang et al., 2020). The east-striking left-lateral Monte Cristo earthquake within the Walker Lane is in contrast to the major northwest-striking right-lateral faults that dominate the area, though predictable from prior regional mapping. Surface rupture reportedly accompanied only the Monte Cristo earthquake, though its trace does not clearly follow the zone of aftershocks.
CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS: DESAFIOS PARA O ENSINO NA PERCEPÇÃO DE ACADÊMICOS DE ENFERMAGEM E MEDICINA
Authors: Dominguez Ramona Garcia Souza , Freire Amanda Santos Veiga , Lima Claudia Feio da Maia , Campos Natádina Alves Souza 
Published: January 2021

<p>Objetivo: identificar as dificuldades na abordagem dos cuidados paliativos e da terminalidade na percepção de acadêmicos de Enfermagem e Medicina de uma universidade pública. Método: trata-se de estudo exploratório, descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, cuja coleta de dados foi realizada entre setembro de 2019 e janeiro de 2020, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias temáticas principais: Desafios da comunicação em cuidados paliativos e Despreparo para lidar com o morrer e a morte. Considerações finais: identificou-se que os acadêmicos de Enfermagem e Medicina apresentam dificuldades relacionadas à comunicação na assistência em cuidados paliativos e em situações de fim de vida. Demonstrou-se ainda o seu despreparo em lidar com a morte, o sofrimento humano e os conflitos morais decorrentes de crenças religiosas.</p><p>Descritores: Cuidado Paliativo. Cuidados de Conforto. Educação de Graduação em Medicina. Educação em Enfermagem. Formação Profissional em Saúde. Cuidados de Conforto. Educação de Graduação em Medicina. Educação em Enfermagem. Formação Profissional em Saúde.</p><p> <strong></strong></p>
Investigating Information Resources Used in Hypertensive Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study on Self-Management of Disease
Authors: Marzban Ameneh , Rahmanian Vahid , Namdar Azam , Zamani Marzieh 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Health information seeking and knowledge acquisition play an important role in the management of chronic diseases such as hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine the information sources used by hypertensive patients in self-management of patients referred to Jahrom... health centers.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 396 hypertensive patients who were selected by cluster sampling from six urban-rural health centers of Jahrom City in 2016. Data gathering tool was a 17-question researcher-made questionnaire that was used after validation and reliability. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test by SPSS version 16 software.
Results: 61.40% (243 patients) of patients with hypertension had information about their disease after developing hypertention. Most of their information sources were physicians and health workers 60.02% (236 people), family and friends 31.12% (122 people) and other patients 25.8% (101 people) and mass media 24.51% respectively. 96 people). 35.4% (n = 86) of patients admitted that this acquisition of knowledge has decreased their referrals to specialized levels The most important reasons for not obtaining information in 35.29% (140 people) were difficulty and lack of access to information resources.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed a relatively high and good knowledge of the patients after the disease. The most frequently used sources of information were physicians and health workers. Therefore, it is imperative that health professionals use effective ways of transmitting information to these people.
Principales menaces et caractÃ©ristiques des habitats aux girafes dâ€™Afrique de lâ€™ouest (synthÃ¨se bibliographique)
Authors: Ismael Adamou Maidanda , Issoufou Baggnian , Biaou Samadori S. Honore , Ali Laouel Abagana , Oumani Abdoulaye Amadou 
Published: January 2021

Les girafes de lâ€™Afrique de lâ€™ouest (Giraffa camelopardalis peralta) vivent en petites populations isolÃ©es au Sud-est du Niger et partagent leur espace de vie avec la communautÃ© locale. La girafe fait face Ã de nombreuses menaces directes et indirectes dans lâ€™ensemble de son aire de distribution. Lâ€™objectif de cette Ã©tude est dâ€™identifier sur le plan historique les changements et les menaces de la conservation des girafes de lâ€™Afrique de lâ€™ouest. Ainsi, pendant la recherche, les publications de 1970 Ã 2019 (MÃ©moires, articles scientifiques, rapports techniques) ont Ã©tÃ© Ã©valuÃ©es. Au totale 100 articles, mÃ©moires et rapports techniques ont Ã©tÃ© tÃ©lÃ©chargÃ©s et 35 ont Ã©tÃ© Ã©valuÃ©s et inclus pour la rÃ©daction. Lâ€™Ã©valuation a permis de recenser les mesures de protection et de conservation qui ont Ã©tÃ© prises par des programmes et associations pour la sauvegarde des girafes du Niger. En plus, les rÃ©sultats ont mis en Ã©vidence les diffÃ©rentes menaces pesant sur les girafes de lâ€™Afrique de lâ€™ouest. Les principales menaces concernent la perte dâ€™habitat, lâ€™expansion des activitÃ©s agricoles, la croissance dÃ©mographique, la sÃ©cheresse, les conflits homme/faune et le braconnage. Pour mieux comprendre la situation, il est indispensable de mener une Ã©tude approfondie sur les causes de perte dâ€™habitat de la girafe de lâ€™Afrique de lâ€™ouest.
West African giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis peralta) live in small isolated populations in southeastern Niger and share their living space with the local community. The giraffe faces many direct and indirect threats throughout its range. The objective of this study is to identify historical changes and threats to the conservation of West African giraffes. Thus, during the research, publications from 1970 to 2019 (Memoirs, scientific articles, technical reports) were evaluated. A total of 100 articles, memoirs and technical reports were uploaded and 35 were evaluated and included for editing. The evaluation made it possible to identify the protection and conservation measures that have been taken by programs and associations for the safeguarding of the giraffes of Niger. In addition, the results highlighted the various threats to West African giraffes. The main threats concern habitat loss, expansion of agricultural activities, population growth, drought, human/wildlife conflicts and poaching. To better understand the situation, it is essential to conduct an in-depth study on the causes of habitat loss of the West African giraffe.