bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LS-category of moment-angle manifolds and higher order Massey products
Authors: Beben Piotr , Grbić Jelena 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Using the combinatorics of the underlying simplicial complex K, we give various upper and lower bounds for the Lusternik–Schnirelmann (LS) category of moment-angle complexes

𝒵
K

{\mathcal{Z}_{K}}

. We describe families of simplicial complexes and combinatorial operations which allow for a systematic description of the LS-category. In particular, we characterize the LS-category of moment-angle complexes

𝒵
K

{\mathcal{Z}_{K}}

over triangulated d-manifolds K for

d
≤
2

{d\leq 2}

,
as well as higher-dimensional spheres built up via connected sum, join, and vertex doubling operations.
We show that the LS-category closely relates to vanishing of Massey products in

H
*

⁢

(

𝒵
K

)

{H^{*}(\mathcal{Z}_{K})}

, and through this connection we describe first structural properties of Massey products in moment-angle manifolds.
Some of the further applications include calculations of the LS-category and the description of conditions for vanishing of Massey products for moment-angle manifolds over fullerenes, Pogorelov polytopes and k-neighborly complexes, which double as important examples of hyperbolic manifolds.
Die Bilder der Einbildungskraft. Beobachtungen zu einem Begriffszusammenhang um 1800
Authors: Kuhlmann Hauke 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper asks how ‚image‘ (Bild) and ‚imagination‘ (Einbildungskraft) relate to each other. The first part deals with important aspects such as ‚visuality‘, ‚reference‘, ‚order‘, ‚mediation‘ and ‚constructivity‘. The connection between ‚image‘ and ‚imagination‘ is then explored in texts on metaphysics and aesthetics by Christian Gottfried Bardili and Wilhelm Traugott Krug. With his ‚Law of Complementation‘, Bardili offers a solution to the problem of the mediation of the senses and the intellect. For Krug, ‚image‘ is a modality in which imagination in the field of art proceeds with the aim of creating order and unity in diversity.
How to embrace variation and accept uncertainty in linguistic and psycholinguistic data analysis
Authors: Vasishth Shravan , Gelman Andrew 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The use of statistical inference in linguistics and related areas like psychology typically involves a binary decision: either reject or accept some null hypothesis using statistical significance testing. When statistical power is low, this frequentist data-analytic approach breaks down: null results are uninformative, and effect size estimates associated with significant results are overestimated. Using an example from psycholinguistics, several alternative approaches are demonstrated for reporting inconsistencies between the data and a theoretical prediction. The key here is to focus on committing to a falsifiable prediction, on quantifying uncertainty statistically, and learning to accept the fact that – in almost all practical data analysis situations – we can only draw uncertain conclusions from data, regardless of whether we manage to obtain statistical significance or not. A focus on uncertainty quantification is likely to lead to fewer excessively bold claims that, on closer investigation, may turn out to be not supported by the data.
Nietzsche’s Heraclitean Doctrine of the Eternal Recurrence of the Same
Authors: Loeb Paul S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
There is a long and successful scholarly tradition of commenting on Nietzsche’s deep affinity for the philosophy of Heraclitus. But scholars remain puzzled as to why he suggested at the end of his career, in Ecce Homo, that the doctrine he valued most, the eternal recurrence of the same, might also have been taught by Heraclitus. This essay aims to answer this question through a close examination of Nietzsche’s allusions to Heraclitus in his first published mention of eternal recurrence in The Joyful Science and in a related set of notes from the period when he was formulating and defending his doctrine of eternal recurrence while writing Thus Spoke Zarathustra. The key to answering this question, it is argued, is that Nietzsche came to believe that the doctrine of eternal recurrence, when properly understood as requiring identical repetition, has to presuppose a Heraclitean reality of eternal, absolute, and universal flux.
Caputo’s notion of insistence as an instance of existence
Authors: Huiser Pieter J. , Benjamins Rick 
Published: September 2021

Summary
In a relational epistemology and ontology, we are allowed to speak freely about the existence of atoms, chairs, love, and God, on the condition that we are prepared to give an account of the relations we have to them. At first sight, Caputo seems to endorse such a relational view. When it comes to concepts like democracy, hospitability, justice, and God, though, Caputo argues that the relations we have to the realities to which these concepts refer inhibit us to speak of their existence. They are events which insist, but do not exist. In this article, it is argued that the differences between the relations of human beings to existing X’s and the relations of human beings to insisting X’s are not as fundamental as to make a distinction in principle between insistence and existence. In our relational view, insistence is a particular instance of existence.
Sulfonated β-cyclodextrins: efficient supramolecular organocatalysts for diverse organic transformations
Authors: Banerjee Bubun , Priya Anu , Sharma Aditi , Kaur Gurpreet , Kaur Manmeet 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The present review summarizes various organic transformations carried out by using sulfonated β-cyclodextrins such as β-cyclodextrin sulfonic acid, β-cyclodextrin propyl sulfonic acid, and β-cyclodextrin butyl sulfonic acid as an efficient, supramolecular reusable catalyst under diverse reaction conditions.
Akzeptanz und Mitgefühl. Den Umgang mit dem Unveränderlichen begleiten
Authors: Berthold Daniel , Müller Heidi , Stingl Markus , Dumitrascu Rio , Sibelius Ulf 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
In der Palliativversorgung stehen Behandelnde häufig vor der Aufgabe, Patientinnen und Patienten im Umgang mit dem Unveränderlichen zu begleiten. In diesen Fällen kann es Behandlungsziel sein, diese bei der Entwicklung von ‚Akzeptanz‘ bestmöglich zu unterstützen. Damit stellt sich die Frage, ob sich dieser Prozess therapeutisch begünstigen lässt. Anhand zweier interaktioneller Theorien – der ‚Transaktionsanalyse‘ und des ‚Containings‘ – wird herausgearbeitet, dass Mitgefühl in diesem Zusammenhang eine tragende Rolle einnimmt. Schließlich wird verdeutlicht, inwiefern das spirituelle Vertrauen der Behandelnden eine wichtige therapeutische Voraussetzung gerade für die Arbeit mit Sterbenden darstellt.
Reliable Sensory Processing in Mouse Visual Cortex through Cooperative Interactions between Somatostatin and Parvalbumin Interneurons
Authors: Rikhye Rajeev V. , Yildirim Murat , Hu Ming , Breton-Provencher Vincent , Sur Mriganka 
Published: September 2021

Intrinsic neuronal variability significantly limits information encoding in the primary visual cortex (V1). However, under certain conditions, neurons can respond reliably with highly precise responses to the same visual stimuli from trial to trial. This suggests that there exists intrinsic neural circuit mechanisms that dynamically modulate the intertrial variability of visual cortical neurons. Here, we sought to elucidate the role of different inhibitory interneurons (INs) in reliable coding in mouse V1. To study the interactions between somatostatin-expressing interneurons (SST-INs) and parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV-INs), we used a dual-color calcium imaging technique that allowed us to simultaneously monitor these two neural ensembles while awake mice, of both sexes, passively viewed natural movies. SST neurons were more active during epochs of reliable pyramidal neuron firing, whereas PV neurons were more active during epochs of unreliable firing. SST neuron activity lagged that of PV neurons, consistent with a feedback inhibitory SST→PV circuit. To dissect the role of this circuit in pyramidal neuron activity, we used temporally limited optogenetic activation and inactivation of SST and PV interneurons during periods of reliable and unreliable pyramidal cell firing. Transient firing of SST neurons increased pyramidal neuron reliability by actively suppressing PV neurons, a proposal that was supported by a rate-based model of V1 neurons. These results identify a cooperative functional role for the SST→PV circuit in modulating the reliability of pyramidal neuron activity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCortical neurons often respond to identical sensory stimuli with large variability. However, under certain conditions, the same neurons can also respond highly reliably. The circuit mechanisms that contribute to this modulation remain unknown. Here, we used novel dual-wavelength calcium imaging and temporally selective optical perturbation to identify an inhibitory neural circuit in visual cortex that can modulate the reliability of pyramidal neurons to naturalistic visual stimuli. Our results, supported by computational models, suggest that somatostatin interneurons increase pyramidal neuron reliability by suppressing parvalbumin interneurons via the inhibitory SST→PV circuit. These findings reveal a novel role of the SST→PV circuit in modulating the fidelity of neural coding critical for visual perception.
Flexible iron oxide supercapacitor electrodes by photonic processing
Authors: Gaire Madhu , Khatoon Najma , Subedi Binod , Chrisey Douglas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report the preparation of flexible and nano-porous iron oxide-reduced graphitic oxide (Fe2O3–rGO) electrodes using a novel photonic processing method. Due to this unique technique, high-temperature thermal processing could be accomplished on inexpensive and low-temperature substrates instantaneously as opposed to longer processing times of conventional thermal processing. The nano-porous morphology of the electrode not only accommodates the volume changes of the electrode but also facilitates the transport of the electrolyte ions into the electrodes. The as-prepared electrode showed excellent electrochemical performance with an initial specific capacitance of 179 F/g at 2 A/g. Moreover, it exhibited excellent specific capacitance retention after 5000 cycles (70%), revealing its superior cyclic stability. Along with having specific capacitance comparable to that of rigid electrodes, the as-prepared electrode is bendable and lightweight, signifying its potential application in foldable and wearable consumer electronic devices which require continuous energy supply while going through physical deformation.
Graphic abstract
Full-scale testing of adhesively bonded timber-concrete composite beams
Authors: Frohnmüller Jens , Fischer Jens , Seim Werner 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper presents new findings on adhesively bonded timber-concrete composites with prefabricated concrete parts. Hereby, timber and concrete are bonded solely with adhesive and no metallic connectors have been used. Because the achievement of a continuous bond proved to be a critical point in past studies, special attention is given to that issue. The application procedure of the adhesives is investigated in small-scale bond samples and the manufacturing process in full-scale composite beams with a span of 8 m and a comparatively new polymer mortar is used as adhesive as well as a common epoxy resin. Both adhesives proved to be suitable, although polymer mortars showed strong advantages in terms of applicability and bridging of gaps in comparison to the less viscous epoxy adhesive. The full-scale beams are tested under quasi-static and cyclic loading. The failure occurred more as a bending failure of the timber or compression failure of the concrete. A full bond could be achieved at all full-scale beams. Moreover, an analytical and a finite element model for the calculation of composite beams are presented and validated. It could be seen, that both deformation behavior and failure load are in good accordance with the test results.
THE IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSIONS OF MISMATCH REPAIR GENES MLH1, PMS2, MSH6, MSH2 IN GASTRIC CANCER; A TISSUE MICROARRAY STUDY
Authors: ERKILINÇ Gamze , KARAHAN Nermin , BAŞPINAR Şirin , KAYMAK Zümrüt Arda , EVRİMLER Şehnaz 
Published: September 2021

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the correlation between the
immunohistochemical expressions of MLH1, PMS2,
MSH6, MSH2 and clinicopathological parameters in
gastric carcinoma.
Matherials and Methods
Immunohistochemistry was performed on the tissue
microarray (TMA) sections of 103 primary gastric
adenocarcinoma and 27 gastric mucosal tissue
samples without tumor. All markers were evaluated
for the presence of nuclear staining. Negative expression
in any of the markers was accepted as a
deficiency. Then, the comparison was made between
the two subgroups as; deficient mismatch repair
(dMMR) and proficient mismatch repair (pMMR).
Results
The histopathological subtypes as intestinal and
non-intestinal, the intestinal group showed significant
deficient expression of MSH2 compared with
the non-intestinal group. PMS2 expression was significantly
higher in the other subtypes than signet ring
cell carcinoma. Also, we observed that the loss of
MLH1 and PMS2 expressions were higher in moderately/
poor differantiated tumors than the well differantiated
ones. Perineural invasion was significantly
higher in patients with loss of MLH1, MSH6, PMS2
expression and dMMR compared to patients with
pMMR. There was no significant difference between
dMMR and pMMR when compared the groups
who received chemotherapy/ radiotherapy and who
did not. There was not found significant relationship
between MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 expressions
and survival.
Conclusion
We found a significant relationship between perineural
invasion and the loss of expression of MLH1,
MSH6 and PMS2. PMS2 expression was also significantly
higher in the other subtypes of GC than signet
ring cell carcinomas.
Hybrid Simulation of Near-Fault Ground Motion for a Potential Mw 7 Earthquake in Lebanon
Authors: Fayjaloun Rosemary , Dabaghi Mayssa , Cornou Cecile , Causse Mathieu , Lu Yang , Stehly Laurent , Voisin Christophe , Mariscal Armand 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTLebanon is a densely populated country crossed by major faults. Historical seismicity shows the potential of earthquakes with magnitudes &gt;7, but large earthquakes have never been instrumentally recorded in Lebanon. Here, we propose a method to simulate near-fault broadband ground motions for a potential Mw 7 earthquake on the Yammouneh fault (YF)—the largest branch of the Dead Sea Transform fault that bisects Lebanon from north to south. First, we performed the first 3D tomography study of Lebanon using ambient noise correlation, which showed that Lebanon could be approximated by a 1D velocity structure for low-frequency (LF) ground-motion simulation purposes. Second, we generated suites of kinematic rupture models on the YF, accounting for heterogeneity of the rupture process, and uncertainty of the rupture velocity and hypocenter location. The radiated seismic energy was next propagated in the inferred 1D velocity model to obtain suites of LF ground motions (&lt;1 Hz) at four hypothetical near-fault seismic stations. These LF simulations included the main features of near-fault ground motions, such as the impulsive character of ground velocity due to the rupture directivity or fling-step effects (so-called pulse-like ground motions). Third, to obtain broadband ground motions (up to 10 Hz), we proposed a hybrid technique that combined the simulated LF ground motions with high-frequency (HF) stochastic simulations, which were empirically calibrated using a worldwide database of near-fault recordings. Contrary to other hybrid approaches, in which the LF and HF motions are generally computed independently, the characteristics of stochastic HF ground motions were conditioned on those of LF ground motions (namely on the characteristics of the velocity pulse, if it existed, or on the absence of a pulse). The simulated peak ground accelerations were in agreement with the ones reported in the Next Generation Attenuation-West2 (NGA-West2) database for similar magnitude and distances and with three NGA-West2 ground-motion prediction equations.
Improving Earthquake Doublet Frequency Predictions by Modified Spatial Trigger Kernels in the Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) Model
Authors: Grimm Christian , Käser Martin , Hainzl Sebastian , Pagani Marco , Küchenhoff Helmut 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTEarthquake sequences add a substantial hazard beyond the solely declustered perspective of common probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. A particularly strong driver for both social and economic losses are so-called earthquake doublets (more generally multiplets), that is, sequences of two (or more) comparatively large events in spatial and temporal proximity. Without differentiating between foreshocks and aftershocks, we hypothesize three main influencing factors of doublet occurrence: (1) the number of direct and secondary aftershocks triggered by an earthquake; (2) the occurrence of independent clusters and seismic background events in the same time–space window; and (3) the magnitude size distribution of triggered events (in contrast to independent events). We tested synthetic catalogs simulated by a standard epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model for both Japan and southern California. Our findings show that the common ETAS approach significantly underestimates doublet frequencies compared with observations in historical catalogs. In combination with that the simulated catalogs show a smoother spatiotemporal clustering compared with the observed counterparts. Focusing on the impact on direct aftershock productivity and total cluster sizes, we propose two modifications of the ETAS spatial kernel to improve doublet rate predictions: (a) a restriction of the spatial function to a maximum distance of 2.5 estimated rupture lengths and (b) an anisotropic function with contour lines constructed by a box with two semicircular ends around the estimated rupture segment. These modifications shift the triggering potential from weaker to stronger events and consequently improve doublet rate predictions for larger events, despite still underestimating historic doublet occurrence rates. Besides, the results for the restricted spatial functions fulfill better the empirical Båth’s law for the maximum aftershock magnitude. The tested clustering properties of strong events are not sufficiently incorporated in typically used global catalog scale measures, such as log-likelihood values, which would favor the conventional, unrestricted models.
Deterministic 3D Ground-Motion Simulations (0–5 Hz) and Surface Topography Effects of the 30 October 2016 Mw 6.5 Norcia, Italy, Earthquake
Authors: Pitarka Arben , Akinci Aybige , De Gori Pasquale , Buttinelli Mauro 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
The Mw 6.5 Norcia, Italy, earthquake occurred on 30 October 2016 and caused extensive damage to buildings in the epicentral area. The earthquake was recorded by a network of strong-motion stations, including 14 stations located within a 5 km distance from the two causative faults. We used a numerical approach for generating seismic waves from two hybrid deterministic and stochastic kinematic fault rupture models propagating through a 3D Earth model derived from seismic tomography and local geology. The broadband simulations were performed in the 0–5 Hz frequency range using a physics-based deterministic approach modeling the earthquake rupture and elastic wave propagation. We used SW4, a finite-difference code that uses a conforming curvilinear mesh, designed to model surface topography with high numerical accuracy.
The simulations reproduce the amplitude and duration of observed near-fault ground motions. Our results also suggest that due to the local fault-slip pattern and upward rupture directivity, the spatial pattern of the horizontal near-fault ground motion generated during the earthquake was complex and characterized by several local minima and maxima. Some of these local ground-motion maxima in the near-fault region were not observed because of the sparse station coverage. The simulated peak ground velocity (PGV) is higher than both the recorded PGV and predicted PGV based on empirical models for several areas located above the fault planes. Ground motions calculated with and without surface topography indicate that, on average, the local topography amplifies the ground-motion velocity by 30%. There is correlation between the PGV and local topography, with the PGV being higher at hilltops. In contrast, spatial variations of simulated PGA do not correlate with the surface topography. Simulated ground motions are important for seismic hazard and engineering assessments for areas that lack seismic station coverage and historical recordings from large damaging earthquakes.
Concentração e acúmulo de macronutrientes em cultivares de alfaces crespas adubadas com urina oxidada de vaca
Authors: Silva Jaiane Eva da , Freire José Lucínio De Oliveira , Barreto Neto José Gomes , Santos Naelson Araujo dos 
Published: September 2021

<p class="Normal1">Nos sistemas produtivos convencionais de alface, o principal insumo orgânico utilizado nas adubações é o esterco bovino, entretanto novas fontes nutricionais começam a ser testadas, entre elas a urina oxidada de vaca diluída em água. O uso da urina de vaca na alface, além de atender ao critério de sustentabilidade, pode fornecer nutrientes mineralizados essenciais às plantas. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de urina oxidada de vaca na quantificação de biomassa e nos teores de macronutrientes em duas cultivares de alfaces crespas. <span lang="PT">O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e três plantas por parcela, em esquema 5 x 2, referente aos efeitos de </span>cinco concentrações de urina de vaca (0,0; 1,0; 2,0; 3,0 e 4,0%), em duas cultivares de alface, a verde Elba e a roxa Rosabela. A alface Elba apresentou biomassas secas nos órgãos superiores à roxa Rosabela. As aplicações de urina oxidada de vaca não supriram, adequadamente, as alfaces em nitrogênio e fósforo. Nos tecidos foliares das alfaces, os teores de nutrientes obedeceram à ordem decrescente K &gt; N &gt; P. As aplicações de urina oxidada de vaca a 4,0% e 2,2% supriram, satisfatoriamente, em potássio as alfaces.</p>
Pesquisa de otimização de processo produtivo de doce artesanal
Authors: Nunes José Diêgo Silva , Amaral Fernanda Raquel Da Costa Agra , Martins Willian França , Lira Andréa De Lucena 
Published: September 2021

<div><p>O coco tem servido, através da produção de doces, como a cocada, e de artesanatos, de renda para um grupo de mulheres. No entanto, este grupo vem enfrentando dificuldades em relação a venda do produto devido às limitações do seu tempo de prateleira, que é de apenas 15 dias, a partir da data de fabricação. Através de contatos com a comunidade, iniciou-se uma pesquisa de conhecimento tecnológico com vistas à solução de problemas pontuais na linha de produção de doces da associação. A metodologia da pesquisa, de cunho, sobretudo, qualitativo, consistiu na combinação de várias abordagens, começando pelo levantamento de dados de sondagem com visitações e entrevistas, procurando identificar os problemas e formular hipóteses de soluções. O presente trabalho retrata o desenvolvimento de melhorias no sistema produtivo dessa comunidade, assim como pesquisas de melhorias no envase, reduzindo custos e possibilitando um prolongamento da vida útil dos produtos. Em acompanhamento ao processo de fabricação da cocada, através do método PDCA, constatou-se a falta de controle e de organização na produção, bem como a pusilanimidade em relação à utilização de maquinário que lhes foi fornecido. Realizou-se uma série de orientações técnicas com as colaboradoras, dando enfoque na produtividade e qualidade alimentícia.</p></div>