bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of patients with metastatic neuroendocrine lung neoplasms: typical versus atypical carcinoids
Authors: Tanaka Hugo , Corassa Marcelo Petrocchi , Freitas Helano , Barros Milton , Riechelmann Rachel 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Well-differentiated neuroendocrine pulmonary tumours (NETp) are morphologically classified as typical carcinoid (TC) and atypical carcinoid (AC). There are limited data on systemic treatment for metastatic disease. Objective: Our study evaluated the median progression-free survival of patients with metastatic tumours, comparing TC and AC status for different treatments. Methods: Retrospective series of patients with metastatic NETp treated from 2002 to 2019 in a large cancer centre were analysed. Our primary endpoint was progression-free survival according to morphological classification (TC vs. AC). All patients received at least one treatment modality (e.g., somatostatin analogue [SSA], chemotherapy [ChP], and everolimus [Eve]). Variables were analysed using the chi-square test, median progression-free survival (mPFS) rates (months), with comparisons evaluated by the log-rank test. Results: Twenty-seven patients were included: 44% with TC and 56% with AC. TC patients were on average 58-years-old, 83.3% were female, and 33.3% received more than one treatment. AC patients were on average 61-years-old, 66.7% were female, and 20% received more than one treatment. All patients were treated more frequently with SSA (TC: 75% vs. AC: 80%, p=0.756). Cisplatin and etoposide were the most frequent ChP regimen (TC: 75% vs. AC: 30%, p=0.248). Patients with TC and AC treated with SSA had higher mPFS in months (TC mPFS SSA: 14.5, Eve: 2.50, ChP: 4.0, SSA + Eve: 4.50; AC mPFS SSA: 7.50, Eve: 4.50, ChP: 7.50, SSA + Eve: 7.00). Conclusion: Although the statistical analyses did not show a significant difference between treatment, numerically, more patients with TC or AC experienced tumor control with SSAs, where the mPFS pairs showed a possible tendency to differentiate themselves from the other regimes (Eve and ChP).
Spontaneous Atypical Intracerebral Hematoma in a Patient with Metastatic Colon Cancer using Bevacizumab without Central Nervous System Metastases
Authors: Silva Guilherme Gago da , Pizzol Antonio Dal , Santos Alexei Peter dos , Britz João Pedro Einsfeld , Worm Paulo Valdeci 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTWe report a case of a patient with metastatic colon cancer without central nervous system metastases who presented with a spontaneous intraparenchymal hematoma using bevacizumab, without coagulation disorders or metastatic cells in the pathological examination. Bevacizumab is amonoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that inhibits binding of the normal VEGF ligand to its receptor and is used to treat various tumors. Its therapeutic effect is believed to occur by limiting the formation of new blood vessels in tumors and decreasing their oxygenation. Fatal cerebrovascular events have been reported with the use of bevacizumab, raising the discussion of the safety of its use, especially in patients with brain metastases. At present, controversial remains as to bevacizumab increases the risk of cerebrovascular events.
Immune and targeted therapy for cancer: time to rethink restrictions for the treatment of the elderly and frail
Authors: Beal Juliana Rodrigues , Schvartsman Gustavo , Munhoz Rodrigo Ramella , Karnakis Theodora , Kaliks Rafael Aliosha 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTTargeted and immunotherapy have revolutionized cancer treatment. They safely substitute for traditional chemotherapy in a significant and growing number of malignancies. In this article, we review the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - approved targeted and immunotherapies, currently used in oncology and compare their safety and efficacy in young versus geriatric and frail sub-population. The results suggest an overall comparable, if not superior efficacy in several tumor types, with acceptable toxicities across the board compared to cytotoxic chemotherapy and a favorable analysis in the comparison to the results observed in the younger population. The very decision to place elderly patients on exclusive palliative care can no longer be supported based on age or frailty alone. The historical concept of medical oncologists leaning for palliative treatments for these patients needs to be revisited.
First Brazilian consensus on the management of localized and locally advanced urothelial bladder cancer: a SBU-SBOC-SBRT-LACOG-GU panel review
Authors: Nogueira Lucas , Carvalho Icaro Thiago de , Adamy Ary , Chade Daher , Piovesan Luis Felipe , Favaretto Ricardo , Borges Allisson Bruno Barcelos , Accioly Arthur , Bastos Diogo Assed , Rosa Diogo Augusto Rodrigues da , Maluf Fernando C , Soares Andrey 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Urothelial carcinoma, especially localized bladder cancer, has a substantial prevalence in Brazil with 9,480 new cases each year and 3,903 deaths, therefore progress is required in its management in order to decrease its recurrence and progression, and improve survival. Material and Methods: Medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and urologists from Brazil conducted a meeting to vote the best approaches available in this country in the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of localized and locally advanced urothelial bladder carcinoma. The panel drew up 73 questions and answers were chosen considering the feasibility according to the access to drugs and the procedures used in this country. Each answer reaching 75% of voters was considered a consensus. The results of this consensus were compared with evidence published in the medical literature and rated with a level of evidence and grade of recommendation using the Oxford classification. Results: Transurethral resection of bladder tumors confirms the diagnosis of and provides initial treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancers. Repeated resection is necessary in selected cases and should not delay further treatment. The use of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin is performed according to risk stratification, showing a significant reduction in tumor recurrence and progression, and improved disease-specific survival in intermediate- and high-risk patients. Radical cystectomy should be considered for high-progression risk cases after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatment failure and for localized muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Conclusion:  Management of urothelial carcinoma often requires a multidisciplinary team with surgical and clinical approaches, based on the expertise of professionals and evidence from the literature.
Strength Analysis and Structural Design Improvement of the Drill
Floor of a Self-Elevating Drilling Unit
Authors: Wang Qi , Zeng Ji , Yang Yong 
Published: August 2021

The self-elevating drilling units are widely used in the offshore industry for oil and gas exploration. The drill floor structure is the main part of the drilling package for a self-elevating drilling unit due to its key function. Its structural strength checking is of great significance on account of the special structure features and the complex combined loading conditions it suffers. The sufficient structural strength of the drill floor is the base and guarantee for safe drilling and extraction.
The finite element method was applied to calculate the structural strength of the drill floor directly considering different load cases which was the combination of environmental loads, permanent loads, variable function loads, and reaction forces from structures and equipments. Total forty load cases were set in the finite element analysis. A detailed finite element model without simplification of the drill floor was built correctly so that it can show the accurate stiffness of the real structure. Based on this model, the design method and the design criterion of the drill floor were described in detail. The environmental loads were calculated according to ABS MODU rules. The influence of the direction of the environmental loads on the drill floor were studied and concluded. Since the drill floor was not just welding with the cantilever beam, the boundary conditions were also particularly introduced owning to the complex connection between them.
After finite element analysis and calculation, the stress distribution of the whole drill floor which includes the main girders and derrick supports were obtained. The locations with high stress were found so those places should be paid more attention. The curves which show the stress variation according to the environment loading direction were drawn and their characteristics were found. The load case and the load which have the main effect on drill floor structure were found. As a result, the suggestions for design improvement were put forward for the structural design, and the finite element analysis was run again to test and verify the design improvement.
This paper can provide meaningful guidance for the future design of the drill floor.
Underwater Sound Filtering
Authors: Simic Ines , van Aalst Rutger 
Published: August 2021

The cocktail party algorithm is one of the most widely used algorithms for source separation of sound. The algorithm aims to find an automated solution for a problem that everyone experiences regularly, namely how to make oneself heard in a noisy environment. The cocktail party algorithm picks up the sound from different microphones, and then applies smart filters once the system has determined which sounds originate from the same source.
This problem also becomes topical when developing sensors based on passive sonar, for instance for autonomous aquatic drones who have to develop awareness of ships and other possible obstacles on a busy shipping lane. It is possible to deploy multiple hydrophones to localize sound sources under water, but the system will be hindered considerably by the sound that the drone itself makes, such as the sound produced by the propellers.
This paper describes a possible solution to the underwater sound filtering problem, using Blind Source Separation. The problem regards splitting sound from a boat engine and the water waves to prove the possibility to extract one sound fragment from the other on the open sea. The illustrations shown further in the report are tests performed in MATLAB to prove the theory.
Shipboard Fairing Process Improvement and Testing
Authors: Scholler S. , Marks J. , Harbison M. , Kvidahl L. , Huang T. D. 
Published: August 2021

The flame straightening process has been developed since 1940; however, the process at Ingalls Shipbuilding (Ingalls) was loosely controlled with the majority of procedural steps governed by the flame straightener performing the operation. Findings from initial research showed excessive heat, both in the size and temperature of the heat spots as well as the quantity of spots used to achieve flatness. The amount of heat involved drastically increased paint rework, delayed schedules, and affected the surrounding structural members causing crippled structures that must be cut out and replaced. Between operators or applications, the process also varied greatly which provided no measureable work scope and led to the tendency of the straighteners to apply far more heat than necessary to achieve panel flatness tolerances.
The Ingalls research team executed tasking that analyzed the current flame straightening process, quantified issues associated with overheating, tested a variety of different straightening patterns, and ultimately implemented a revised procedure. The new, more efficient procedure reduces the amount of heat spots required to achieve flatness tolerance with and thus decreases the process cost, minimizes heat input, and prevents damage caused by past practices.
Los estudios médico-legales y las enfermedades mentales en Colombia, 1930-1950
Authors: Vásquez Maria Fernanda 
Published: August 2021

Son todavía escasos los estudios que en Colombia se han interesado por las relaciones históricas entre el saber médico-legal y el saber médico mental. Los estudios médico-legales relativos a las exposiciones periciales psiquiátricas constituyen una buena fuente de información para analizar dichas relaciones. El discurso sobre las enfermedades mentales dentro del campo jurídico y el proceso de medicalización de la justicia permite analizar el papel desempeñado por los peritos psiquiatras en la definición de los criminales categorizados como enajenados. Del mismo modo, esos mismos estudios, permiten analizar la funcionalidad de los exámenes somáticos y psicológicos para definir el estado de enajenación y el modo de tratamiento que debían seguir este tipo de acusados. Usando los estudios médico-legales del médico legista Julio Ortiz Velásquez publicados en 1953, este artículo analiza algunos de los discursos de la psiquiatría forense en la primera mitad del siglo XX en Colombia.

Palabras clave: Estudios médico-legales; Enfermedad mental; Peritaje psiquiátrico; Colombia.
In the Absence of Effective Malaria Parasite Sentinel System- a Cross-Sectional Study to Assess Prevalence of Plasmodium spp Infection and Malaria among Patients at Federal Medical Centre Birnin-Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria
Authors: O. Olaosebikan Victor , Alabi Olatunji , Kabiru Hussaini , Abiodun Ojo A. 
Published: August 2021

Aim: This research assessed the prevalence of Plasmodium Spp infection and malaria among patients at Federal Medical Centre Birnin-Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria
Methodology: The study utilized a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive data collected from January to December, 2018 to determine the prevalence of malaria parasite infection and prevalent Plasmodium spp infection among different age groups and sexes among patients attending Federal Medical Centre, Birnin Kebbi. We analysed secondary data of hospital records of 5,645 feverish patients attending general out patients’ department and medical laboratory department at the study area. Blood samples from the patients were collected and examined using thin and thick-blood smear slides technique for the presence or absence of parasites by trained microscopists.
Results: The prevalence of malaria parasite in the study area was 17.1%. P. falciparum was the most prevalent species of malaria parasite (99.69%) among the positive cases in the study area, while P. malariae was identified in 3 of the positive slides representing 0.31% case. Malaria positivity was highest (52.49%) among children aged 0-10years. Test of association between malaria positivity and patients’ age was statistically significant (p<0.05). Among patients who tested positive to malaria parasite, more than half (53.37%) of them were female.
Conclusion: Presence of Plasmodium malariae may be indicative of trans-border transmission of the disease due to the proximity of the study area to international border and thus calls for effective malaria parasite surveillance system and further inter boarder research.
In vitro Interactive Toxicity of Binary Mixtures of Selected Herbicides on Lysinibacillusfusiformis
Authors: Okafor Franca Ngozi , Orji Michael Uchenna , Onuorah Samuel Chinedu , Uba Bright Obidinma , Dokubo Chinweike Unoma , Ofunnwa Joypat Ogechukwu 
Published: August 2021

Aims: To assess the toxicities of some herbicides as individuals and in binary mixtures to Lysinibacillus fusiformis isolated from Oryzasativa plant using dehydrogenase activity as an endpoint.
Study Design: The binary mixture consists of combination of any two herbicides selected from the three herbicides (drysate, weedcut and aminoforce) for the study The binary mixture ratios (%) were designed as: 50%:50%; 80%:20% and 20%:80% for the respective mixtures in the concentration range of 0 -10, 000 mg/L.
Place and Duration of Study: Silver Press Laboratory, Owerri Nigeria between July, 2016 and August, 2019.
Methodology: A laboratory scale study was carried on three toxicants using dehydrogenase inhibition test. The inhibition of dehydrogenase activity of the isolate by toxicant was calculated relative to the control. All the dose-response relationships of the individual toxicants and that of themixtures were described by logistic dose model and Weibullcum model parameter.
Results: The results revealed that the median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) observed were 1,067.33 ± 36.68 mg/L for drysate; 2,180.00 ± 147.31 mg/L for weedcut and 4,550.00 ± 62.45 mg/L for aminoforce. Duncan tests indicated that the IC50 of the toxicants were significantly different from each other. Among the individual toxicants, the ascending toxicities ranking were aminoforce > weedcut > drysate. The responses of the test organism to the stresses of the toxicants were dose-dependent and the toxicants also progressively repressed the dehydrogenase activity as the concentration increased. All binary mixtures were strongly synergistic against the organism.
Conclusion: Thus, the toxicity of individual compound and synergistic effects of the mixtures of the toxicants indicates potential deleterious effects of both the individual chemicals and their mixtures to the rhizobacteria of Oryza sativa plant.
Asymptotic Distribution of Unit Root Tests Base on ESTAR Model with Flexible Fourier Form
Authors: Muhammad Murtala Adam , Hu Junjuan 
Published: August 2021

In this paper, the asymptotic distribution of Fourier ESTAR model (FKSS) proposed by [1], which was not given in the original paper are derived. Result shows that the asymptotic distributions are functions of brownian motion, only depends on K and free from nuisance parameters.
Study of Genetic Diversity for Selected Genotypes in Rice
Authors: Raju Ch Sai Nayan , Lal Gabrial M. , Raju Ch. Damodar 
Published: August 2021

The present investigation was undertaken to study the 54 rice genotypes to estimate the diversity, among selected rice genotypes for yield and its component characters. The experiment was carried out during Kharif, 2020, in a randomized block design with three replications at the Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad voluntary center (Kampasagar), in Telangana State. The data was collected on characters viz and salt-tolerant score 0-9 scale. The 54 genotypes of rice were grouped into twelve clusters. Clusters with their genotypes are presented in. Cluster I had 15 genotypes, Cluster II had 13 genotypes, whereas Cluster III had 4 genotypes Cluster IV, V had 4 genotypes and cluster VI had 6 genotypes cluster VII had 1 genotype cluster VIII had three genotypes cluster Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅺ had 1 genotypes cluster Ⅻ had 3 genotypes Highest inter-cluster distance was exhibited between clusters VIII and Ⅺ. and lowest cluster divergence found between the clusters Ⅳ and VII Greater the distance, wider the genetic diversity among the genotypes of those clusters. For high heterotic recombinants performing genotypes would be used as parents in the recombination breeding program.
Effect of Water Management, Systems of Cultivation on Grain Yield and Energy Budget of Rice Varieties
Authors: Nayaka G. V. Venkataravana , Reddy G. Prabhakara , Kumar R. Mahender 
Published: August 2021

Aims of Study: This research focused on assessing the grain yield and energy performance of four rice cultivars under different irrigation regimes and systems of cultivation for suitability of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
Experiment Design: The split-split plot design with three replications was performed for this study. The treatment comprised of two irrigation regimes viz., Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) and saturation as the main plot treatments, three systems of cultivation viz., System of Rice Intensification (SRI), Drum Seeding (DS) and Normal Transplanting (NTP) as the subplot treatments, and four cultivars namely DRR Dhan 42, DRR Dhan 43, MTU-1010, and NLR-34449 as the sub-sub plot treatments.
Place and Duration of Study: An experiment was conducted at the Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, during the Autumn 2017 and 2018.
Result: Among the irrigation regimes, AWD recorded higher grain yield than saturation, Gross output energy, and net energy as compared to saturation. SRI significantly recorded higher grain yield over the NTP method. Among the different rice cultivars, DRR Dhan 43 registers remarkably higher grain yield than other cultivars during 2017 and 2018. The cultivar DRR Dhan 43 recorded higher gross output energy, net energy compared to other rice cultivars.
Study on Psychiatric Evaluation of Morbidly Obese Patients
Authors: Elshazly Asmaa Reda Elsayed , Seleem Mohammad Abdelhakeem , Abo-Ryia Mohamed Hamdy , Badawy Adel Abdel-Kareem 
Published: August 2021

Background: Obesity is becoming an important issue for health promotion. The World Health Organization estimated that around 1.5 billion adults were overweight (body mass index (BMI) 25 kg/m2) and about 500 million people were obese (BMI 30 kg/m2) in 2008. The relationship between obesity and mental health is also considered important. In a community-based study, obesity was positively associated with several mental disorders, especially mood disorders and anxiety disorders. The aim of the study is the assessment of current and lifetime psychiatric disorders among morbidly obese patients.
Methods: This case control study was conducted on 60 participants from outpatient clinic of GIT surgery unit and community. All participants were subjected to: Body weight and body mass index, Psychiatric interview for diagnosis of psychiatric disorders by Arabic version of MINI, Scale for diagnosis of Bulimia nervosa by Shokeer, Scale for diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa by Shokeer, Binge Eating Disorder Screener-7, Eating attitude test, Hamilton Depressions Rating Scale and Hamilton anxiety scale.
Results: There was a significant increase in anxiety in patients with morbid obesity compared to control group. There was a significant difference between both groups showing the high prevalence of depression in patients with morbid obesity. Based on EAT test, there was a significant prevalence of abnormal eating behaviors in patients group compared to none of control group. A screening test for the presence of Binge eating symptoms revealed significant increase of symptoms in patients’ group.
Conclusions: Psychiatric disorders are prevalent in morbidly obese patients and are associated with significantly worse quality of life. In addition, morbidly obese patients had significantly worse physical and mental health relative to control group from general population. High rates of psychiatric disorders among morbidly obese patients seem to be the rule rather than an exception.