bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Time of Emergence on Furrow-Irrigated Rice Yields and Weed Seed Production
Authors: King Tanner A. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Butts Thomas R. , Fernandes Samuel B. , Drescher Gerson L. , Avent Tristen H. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Furrow-irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) hectares are increasing in the Midsouth. The lack of sustained flooding creates a favorable environment for weed emergence and persistence, which makes Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) difficult to control throughout the growing season. The negative yield impacts associated with season-long A. palmeri interference in corn, cotton, and soybean have been evaluated. However, there is limited knowledge of the weed’s ability to influence rice grain yield. Research was initiated in 2022 and 2023 to determine the effect of A. palmeri time of emergence relative to rice on weed seed production and grain yield. Cotyledon stage A. palmeri plants were marked every seven days, beginning one week before rice emergence through four weeks after rice emergence. Amaranthus palmeri seed production decreased exponentially as emergence timing was delayed relative to rice, and seed production increased by 447 seed plant-1 for every one-gram increase in weed biomass. Without rice competition and from the earliest emergence timing, A.palmeri produced 540,000 seeds plant-1. Amaranthus palmeri that emerged one week before the crop had the greatest spatial influence on rice, with grain yield loss of 5% and 50% at a distance of 1.4 m and 0.40 m from the weed, respectively. As A. palmeri emergence was delayed, the area of influence decreased. However, A. palmeri plants emerging 3.5 weeks after rice emergence still negatively affected grain yield and produce sufficient seed to replenish the soil seedbank, potentially impacting long-term crop management decisions. These results show that the time of A. palmeri emergence is a crucial factor influencing rice grain yield and weed seed production, which can be used to determine the consequences of escapes in rice.
Dual-functional Cu2O/g-C3N4 heterojunctions: a high-performance SERS sensor and photocatalytic self-cleaning system for water pollution detection and remediation
Authors: Yang Shuo , Li Kaiyue , Huang Ping , Liu Keyan , Li Wenhui , Zhuo Yuquan , Yang Ziwen , Han Donglai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a multifunctional device based on Cu2O/g-C3N4 monitoring and purification p–n heterojunctions (MPHs), seamlessly integrating surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection with photocatalytic degradation capabilities. The SERS and photocatalytic performances of the Cu2O in various morphologies, g-C3N4 nanosheets (NSs) and Cu2O/g-C3N4 MPHs with different g-C3N4 mass ratios were systematically evaluated, with a particular emphasis on the Cu2O/g-C3N4-0.2 MPH, where g-C3N4 constituted 20% of the total mass. Multiple optical and electrochemical tests revealed that the Cu2O/g-C3N4-0.2 MPH effectively enhances charge separation and reduces charge transfer resistance. The Cu2O/g-C3N4-0.2 SERS sensor exhibited a relative standard deviation (RSD) below 15% and achieved an enhancement factor (EF) of 2.43 × 106 for 4-ATP detection, demonstrating its high sensitivity and consistency. Additionally, it demonstrated a 98.3% degradation efficiency for methyl orange (MO) under visible light within 90 min. Remarkably, even after 216 days, its photocatalytic efficiency remained at 93.7%, and it retained an 84.0% efficiency after four cycles. XRD and SEM analyses before and after cycling, as well as after 216 days, confirmed the structural and morphological stability of the composite, demonstrating its cyclic and long-term stability. The excellent performance of the Cu2O/g-C3N4 MPH is attributed to its Z-type mechanism, as verified by radical trapping experiments. The evaluation of the self-cleaning performance of the Cu2O/g-C3N4-0.2 SERS sensor demonstrated that its Z-scheme structure not only provides excellent self-cleaning capability but also enables the detection of both individual and mixed pollutants, while significantly enhancing the SERS signal response through an effective charge transfer enhancement mechanism.
Survival outcomes of apalutamide as a starting treatment: impact in real-world patients with metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (OASIS)
Authors: Maughan Benjamin L. , Liu Yanfang , Mundle Suneel , Wang Xiayi , Nematian-Samani Mehregan , Karsh Lawrence I. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (apalutamide [APA], enzalutamide [ENZ], abiraterone acetate plus prednisone [AAP]) combined with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) are effective life-prolonging treatment options for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). We evaluated the impact of upfront therapy for mHSPC on outcomes in real-world clinical practice in the United States.

Methods
This retrospective, observational cohort study used electronic healthcare records from the ConcertAI RWD 360 Prostate Cancer Dataset. All patients with newly diagnosed mHSPC from January 2018 to June 2023 were enrolled and followed-up until death, end of follow-up, or January 2024, whichever occurred first. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to estimate overall survival (OS), time to PSA50/PSA90 (50%/90% decline in PSA from baseline, respectively), time to undetectable PSA ( ≤ 0.2 ng/ml), and time to castration resistance (TTCR). Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) were estimated using inverse probability of treatment weighted multivariate Cox proportional models adjusted for age, comorbidities, BMI, and baseline PSA.

Results
4937 patients with mHSPC were included in the analysis: 315 received upfront APA + ADT, 1181 ENZ + ADT, 1760 AAP + ADT, 432 docetaxel (DTX) + ADT, and 1249 ADT alone. Percentages of patients reaching PSA50, PSA90, and undetectable PSA at 3 months were significantly higher for APA + ADT (70%/49%/44%, respectively) compared to ENZ + ADT (60%/38%/32%), AAP + ADT (59%/37%/33%) and ADT alone (32%/15%/32%). OS and TTCR were also significantly longer for APA + ADT (66%/77% respectively at 24 months) vs ENZ + ADT (55%/63%) AAP + ADT (59%/67%) and ADT alone (54%/57%). Starting treatment with APA + ADT was associated with a significantly reduced risk of death compared with ENZ + ADT (aHR, 95%CI) (0.66, 0.51–0.87), AAP + ADT (0.72, 0.55–0.94), and ADT alone (0.64, 0.49–0.84).

Conclusions
Numerous patients were not treated with intensified therapies despite their increased effectiveness. First-line APA + ADT in mHSPC was associated with statistically significantly longer OS, longer TTCR, and faster and deeper PSA responses than other life-prolonging treatments in real-world clinical practice in the US.
Targeting TRAF6/IRF3 axis to inhibit NF-κB-p65 nuclear translocation enhances the chemosensitivity of 5-FU and reverses the proliferation of gastric cancer
Authors: Chen Shitong , Zhang Dong , Du Yi , Shi Junbo , Gu Sikuan , Zhou Xujun , Yu Huijuan , Wang Feng , Chen Jinfei , Cui Hongjuan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChemoresistance poses a significant clinical challenge in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC), while its underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. Post-translational protein modification and abnormal activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) are critical regulators of tumor chemoresistance. This study investigates the role of TNF receptors-associated factors 6 (TRAF6) in 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) resistant GC. Utilizing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to suppress TRAF6 expression in 5-FU resistant GC cells across both in vivo and in vitro models, we observed a marked reduction in cell proliferation and tumor growth. Low expression of TRAF6 inhibited nuclear translocation of NF-κB-p65, which was achieved by promoting the expression of Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Importantly, TRAF6, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, bound to the IRF3-Δ (SR + IAD) (1-190aa) domain, inducing Lys70 ubiquitination of IRF3 to regulate its protein stability, with ubiquitin K48 residue playing a crucial role in this process. In conclusion, our study reveals the mechanism by which the TRAF6/IRF3 axis decreases GC’s cells sensitivity to 5-FU by promoting nuclear translocation of NF-κB-p65, offering valuable insights into overcoming chemoresistance in GC.
SLC25A21 correlates with the prognosis of adult acute myeloid leukemia through inhibiting the growth of leukemia cells via downregulating CXCL8
Authors: Liu Yu , Xu Yan , Hao Qianqian , Shi Luyao , Chen Yufei , Liu Yajun , Li Mengya , Zhang Yu , Li Tao , Li Yafei , Jiang Zhongxing , Liu Yanfang , Wang Chong , Bian Zhilei , Yang Lu , Wang Shujuan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn recent years, targeting mitochondrial apoptosis has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). The SLC25 family of mitochondrial carriers plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial function and regulating apoptosis. However, the role of SLC25A21, an oxodicarboxylate carrier, in AML progression and its potential as a prognostic biomarker remain underexplored. This study aimed to further investigate the role, molecular mechanism, and potential clinical value of SLC25A21 in AML progression. The transcript levels of SLC25A21 in bone marrow specimens were analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The correlation between SLC25A21 expression and the prognosis of AML was assessed through survival analysis. Findings revealed that SLC25A21 was downregulated in adult AML, and the low expression of SLC25A21 was correlated with worse prognosis for AML patients. Furthermore, overexpression of SLC25A21 inhibited cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, and was correlated with apoptosis through mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway. C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) was identified as a downstream target of SLC25A21. These functions of SLC25A21 could be rescued by the overexpression of CXCL8. Moreover, SLC25A21 overexpression significantly suppressed the growth of xenograft tumors. In conclusion, the low SLC25A21 expression is correlated with poor clinical outcome. The overexpression of SLC25A21 inhibited the AML cell survival and proliferation by dysregulating the expression of CXCL8. SLC25A21 might be a potential prognostic marker and a treatment target for AML.
Review of dataset and algorithms for distribution network pseudo measurement
Authors: Ju Yuntao , Jia Xuwen , Wang Biqing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPseudo‐measurement production of distribution networks is an important technology for ensuring the visibility of distribution networks. The paper discusses the concept of pseudo‐metrics, databases, algorithms, and applications in practical engineering. Firstly, the basic concept of Pseudo‐measurement of the distribution network is introduced. Subsequently, various pseudo‐measurement databases and algorithms are discussed in detail, and the advantages and limitations of these methods in dealing with the historical and operational data of medium‐voltage pseudo‐measurement distribution networks are compared and analysed. Then, the main application of pseudo‐measurement is analysed. Finally, the main challenges in the field of pseudo‐measurement of the distribution networks are discussed, such as data quality, computational complexity, model accuracy, and feasibility in practical application. The development direction of future research is envisaged.
Lasers with double asymmetric barrier layers: Direct versus indirect capture of carriers into the lasing ground state in quantum dots
Authors: Hammack Cody , Asryan Levon V. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStatic and dynamic characteristics of a quantum dot (QD) laser with double asymmetric barrier layers – an advanced type of semiconductor laser – are studied. Both direct and indirect capture of carriers into the lasing ground state in QDs is considered. The intradot relaxation of carriers, which controls the laser characteristics in the case of only indirect capture, is shown to not be a significant factor in the case of both direct and indirect capture. In the latter case, both the output optical power and modulation bandwidth are considerably increased.
A novel thyristor‐based hybrid DC circuit breaker with short arcing capability
Authors: Jia Guanlong , Yuan Yuchen , Guo Hongjiang , Wang Xiaoxue , Niu Feng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMulti‐terminal flexible high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission and DC grid technology are developing rapidly. The hybrid DC circuit breaker (HCB) has broad application prospects in the field of HVDC transmission and DC power grid. Nevertheless, existing HCBs have one or more following blemishes: arc suppression scheme of mechanical switch, high cost and unreliable adaptive reclosure. In this paper, a modified thyristor‐based hybrid DC circuit breaker with short arcing capacity (SA‐HCB) is introduced, which consists of the main branch, the fault handling branch and the pre‐charging branch. Besides, the modified SA‐HCB has the inherent capability of adaptive reclosing. The advantages of thyristors are fully used in the SA‐HCB, such as low cost, low conduction voltage drop, and natural shutdown. The detailed structure diagram and mathematical model of the SA‐HCB are introduced, and the operation processes of the fault current transfer are also analysed. Later, a design method for parameters of the proposed SA‐HCB is provided. Then, a single‐ended equivalent system is built in PSCAD/EMTDC to verify the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and parameter design. Subsequently, based on four‐terminal simulation, the economy of the SA‐HCB is verified by comparing with the topology proposed by ABB. Finally, the small‐scale experiment of the proposed SA‐HCB is introduced.
Design and application of novel stripline for IC‐EMC characteristic measurement
Authors: Lin Han‐Nien , Ho Tzu‐Hao , Chang Wei‐Yen , Kuo Chung‐Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) has introduced the IEC 61967‐8 stripline measurement method for the measurement of radiated emissions in integrated circuits (ICs). This method stipulates that the stripline's voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) must be less than 1.25 within the frequency range of 150 kHz to 3 GHz. The established IEC 61967‐8 stripline measurement method can accurately identify the location of EMI in an IC and hence mitigation measure can be effectively implemented. In this work, the IC stripline design is adapted for ICs with various functions and applications with the aid of Ansys HFSS 3D full‐wave simulations and actual measurements to study the impedance and reflection characteristics of IC striplines on test boards. A novel IC stripline structure design process is proposed to enhance the VSWR performance of IC striplines. Subsequently, a novel IC stripline has been fabricated and tested using the IEC 61967‐8 stripline measurement method. The designed novel IC stripline demonstrated compliance with IEC 61987‐8 specification and the measurement results showed consistency with the simulation results. The works can benefit the promotion of high frequency circuit design and the development of testing process and in turn, enabled the improvement of the reliability and performance of the designed products.
Rapid Antidepressant and Antisuicidal Effects of Low-Dose Ketamine
Infusion in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression With or Without
Low-Grade Inflammation
Authors: Chen Mu-Hong , Su Tung-Ping , Lin Wei-Chen , Li Cheng-Ta , Wu Hui-Ju , Tsai Shih-Jen , Bai Ya-Mei , Mao Wei-Chung , Tu Pei-Chi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLow-grade inflammation (LGI) contributes to resistance
against traditional antidepressants. However, whether the antidepressant and
antisuicidal effects of ketamine on patients with treatment-resistant
depression (TRD) differ between those with LGI and those without LGI remains
unknown.This study included 167 patients with TRD, among whom 46 had LGI and
121 did not have LGI. The patients received a single infusion of either
low-dose ketamine or a placebo. A C-reactive protein level of≥3 mg/L
indicated LGI. Depressive symptoms were measured from baseline to day 3 by
using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the
Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).Generalized estimating equation models revealed antidepressant effect
of ketamine in patients with no LGI (HDRS scores: p<0.001; MADRS
scores: p<0.001) but not in patients with LGI (all
p>0.05). The antisuicidal effect of ketamine (indicated by the
score on item 10 of the MADRS) was observed in both groups of patients with
(p=0.046) and without LGI (p<0.001). However, ketamine
was effective for TRD regardless of whether inflammation levels were high or
low, while the placebo response was notably greater only in patients with
LGI.This study suggests that among patients with TRD, only
those without LGI respond to low-dose ketamine infusion. Whether the
negative findings of the antidepressant effect of ketamine among patients
with LGI may be because of the effect of the placebo infusion needs further
investigation. Further randomized, placebo-controlled studies are needed to
validate these findings.
Socioeconomic Burden of Pulmonary Embolism in Europe: Shifting Priorities and Challenges for Novel Reperfusion Strategies
Authors: Mohr Katharina , Barco Stefano , Neusius Thomas , Konstantinides Stavros 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn-hospital case fatality related to acute pulmonary embolism (PE) has been falling since the beginning of this century. However, annual incidence rates continue to climb, and an increasing number of PE survivors need long-term follow-up, chronic anticoagulation treatment, and readmission(s) to the hospital. In European countries, median reimbursed hospital costs for acute PE are still moderate compared with the United States but can increase several-fold in patients with comorbidities and those necessitating potentially life-saving reperfusion treatment. The use of catheter-directed treatment (CDT) has constantly increased in the United States since the past decade, and it has now entered a rapid growth phase in Europe as well, estimated to reach an annual penetration rate of up to 31% among patients with intermediate–high- or high-risk PE by 2030. Ongoing randomised controlled trials are currently investigating the clinical efficacy and safety of these devices. In addition, they will deliver data permitting calculation of their cost-effectiveness in different health care reimbursement systems, by revealing the extent to which they can reduce complications and consequently the need for intensive care and the overall length of hospital stay. After discharge, key cost drivers are related to chronic cardiopulmonary diseases (other than PE itself) leading to frequent readmissions, persistent symptoms, and functional limitations which result in poor quality of life, productivity loss, and substantial indirect costs. Implementation of structured outpatient programmes with a holistic approach to post-PE care, targeting overall cardiovascular health and the patient's well-being, bears the potential to cost-effectively reduce the overall socioeconomic burden of PE.
Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma in an 8-Year-Old Boy: A Rare Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Ghosh Manashi , Debnath Sourav , Bhat Gul Mohammad , Bairwa Sandeep , Rajan Rejil 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLung cancer typically affects older adults, with occurrences in children being extremely rare. In adolescents, metastatic lung disease is more common than primary lung cancers. The pathological spectrum of lung cancer in children varies, with small-cell carcinoma being a rare type, accounting for around 4.5% of cases. An 8-year-old boy, previously healthy, presented with moderate-intensity, short-duration chest pain on the left side. Histomorphology, immunohistochemistry characteristics, and fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the diagnosis of extensive-stage small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). The patient responded positively to six cycles of chemotherapy with etoposide and carboplatin, resulting in the resolution of symptoms. This case underscores the rare instance of SCLC in the pediatric population, emphasizing the diagnostic challenges due to nonspecific symptoms and the necessity for aggressive treatment. It highlights the importance of adapting adult SCLC treatment protocols for pediatric patients to enhance prognosis, given the limited specific guidelines available.
Iatrogenic Acute Spinal Epidural Hematoma in Children
Authors: Elnoamany Hossam , Elkholy Hany , Agour Mazen , Ezat Ahmed , Hammad Amr , Dorrah Mohammed , Elnoamany Nour 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSpinal epidural hematoma (SEH) is a relatively rare spine space occupying lesion with approximated incidence of 0.1 per 100,000. SEH can be acute or chronic, spontaneous, posttraumatic, or iatrogenic following lumbar puncture (LP) or spine surgery. In this study, we present the case of a 12-year-old girl with a history of leukemia who was referred to us with acute progressive paraparesis and urinary retention following LP that was performed for intrathecal chemotherapy injection. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed SEH opposite the T10–T12 level. Emergency laminectomy and hematoma evacuation were performed. SEH can be a potentially devastating lesion that can result in progressive neurological deficits and permanent disability if it is not diagnosed early and treated properly. Immediate surgical decompression and hematoma evacuation can preserve the neurological function and insure favorable clinical recovery.
Experimental investigation of the strong localization of 3He atoms in 4He crystals
Authors: Mikheev V. A. , Maidanov V. A. , Mikhin N. P. 
Published: December 2024

Nuclear magnetic resonance measurements have been made of the diffusion coefficient D of the impurity in solid 4He containing 2–4% 3He.
It has been shown that in the region of the low-temperature plateau as the 3He concentration increases, the diffusion coefficient D decreases sharply, which is indicative of the strong localization of 3He atoms in hcp phase of solid 4He. Under these conditions D has been observed to grow gradually as the temperature rises, which is in accordance with Kagan's theory of phonon-stimulated coherent quantum diffusion.
Quantum theory of nonideal crystals
Authors: Vardanyan G. A. 
Published: December 2024

A theory which takes account of the characteristic features of quantum crystals is proposed. According to the fundamental paper of Andreev and Lifshitz, these features include the fact that two quasiparticles cannot be located at the same lattice site, that the energy is periodic as a function of the quasimomentum, that the quasiparticle energy band is narrow, etc. The problem of pair scattering of quasiparticles is solved by the method proposed by Lifshitz and Kosevich for describing the process of scattering from stationary defects in crystals. The characteristic features of two-particle scattering in discrete space make it possible to describe the physical picture of quasiparticle motion and to calculate their contribution to the energy of the crystal.
Solutions of 3He–4He quantum crystals are considered in the paper. The existence of the nuclear spins of the 3He atoms make it possible to predict a unique anomaly of vacancies on the initial branch of the stratification curve. The microscopic equations of motion of quantum crystals permit investigation of diverse systems, including hydrogen–metal solutions. On the basis of these equations we consider the process of propagation of oscillations in quantum crystals and in their solutions.
The diffusion of quasiparticles has distinctive features. The exact solution of the problem of the scattering of two quasiparticles makes it possible to ascertain the behavior of the diffusion coefficient for systems in which a constant lattice parameter is ensured by the presence of vacancies in the lattice.