bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRMT3 and CARM1: Emerging Epigenetic Targets in Cancer
Authors: Huang Jiezuo , Qiao Beining , Yuan Yixin , Xie Yuxuan , Xia Xiaomeng , Li Fenghe , Wang Lei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe family of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) occupies an important position in biology, especially during the initiation and development of cancer. PRMT3 and CARM1(also known as PRMT4), being type I protein arginine methyltransferases, are key in controlling tumour progression by catalysing the mono‐methylation and asymmetric di‐methylation of both histone and non‐histone substrates. This paper reviews the functions and potential therapeutic target value of PRMT3 and CARM1 in a variety of cancers. Studies have identified abnormal expressions of PRMT3 and CARM1 in several malignancies, closely linked to cancer progression, advancement, and resistance to treatment. Such as hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer. These findings offer new strategies and directions for cancer treatment, especially in enhancing the effectiveness of conventional treatment methods.
Patterns of clinical response in patients with alopecia areata treated with ritlecitinib in the ALLEGRO clinical development programme
Authors: King B. , Mirmirani P. , Lo Sicco K. , Ramot Y. , Sinclair R. , Asfour L. , Ezzedine K. , Paul C. , Ohyama M. , Edwards R. A. , Bonfanti G. , Kerkmann U. , Wajsbrot D. , Ishowo‐Adejumo R. , Zwillich S. H. , Lejeune A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundRitlecitinib, an oral JAK3/TEC family kinase inhibitor, demonstrated efficacy over 48 weeks in patients with alopecia areata (AA) in the ALLEGRO phase 2b/3 study.ObjectivesThis post hoc analysis evaluated individual Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score trajectories in patients who received ritlecitinib 50 mg and rolled over from Phase 2b/3 into the ongoing, open‐label, Phase 3 ALLEGRO‐LT study to describe long‐term response patterns and associated baseline disease characteristics.MethodsPatients aged ≥12 years with ≥50% scalp hair loss received ritlecitinib 50 mg once daily in both studies. SALT score trajectories from baseline to Month 24 were used to categorise patients as early (SALT score ≤20 at Week 24 and Months 12 and 24), middle (≤20 at Months 12 and 24) or late responders (≤20 by Month 24) or as partial responders (maintained 30% improvement), relapsers (achieved but did not maintain 30% improvement) or non‐responders (did not achieve 30% improvement). The proportions of patients achieving sustained response (achieved and maintained SALT score ≤20 at all subsequent available time points through Month 24) and complete response (SALT score 0 at ≥1 time point through Month 24) were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression assessed variables associated with response.ResultsOf 191 patients treated with ritlecitinib 50 mg, 87 (45.5%) were responders (SALT score ≤20), 24 (12.6%) were partial responders, 24 (12.6%) were relapsers and 56 (29.3%) were non‐responders. Of 87 patients categorised as responders, 81 (93.1%) sustained their clinical response and 47 (46.0%) achieved complete response. Factors associated with treatment response included female sex and less extensive and shorter duration of hair loss.ConclusionsApproximately 45% of patients were SALT score responders, with up to 11% requiring >1 year of ritlecitinib treatment to achieve response, highlighting the importance of extended treatment duration.ClinicalTrials.gov RegistrationALLEGRO phase 2b/3 study (NCT03732807); ALLEGRO‐LT study (NCT04006457).
International consensus statement on the use of ultrasound in hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Wortsman X. , Alfageme F. , Dini V. , García‐Martínez F. J. , Caposiena Caro R. D. , Frew J. , Gonzalez C. , Hamzavi I. H. , Kohli I. , Krajewski P. K. , Kuyumllian M. , Liu J. , Mandava A. , Nazzaro G. , O'Brien E. , Oranges T. , Pelizzari M. , Rezende J. , Romani J. , Sigrist R. , Taleb E. , Zattar L. , Zavariz J. , Martorell A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundSo far, the evidence on the use of ultrasound (US) in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) demonstrates the utility of US in the diagnosis, scoring and assessment of HS; however, to date, there is no international consensus statement on the use of US in HS, and several published guidelines do not include this topic.ObjectivesTo create an international consensus statement on using US in HS that can cover and validate relevant aspects.MethodsA three‐round Delphi study with a panel of international experts representing four continents and working with US in HS in their daily practice. The inclusion criteria of the experts and the set of questions in the survey were defined by a steering committee. A consensus of recommendation was defined when the percentage of agreement (sum of strongly agree and agree) was ε 70%. In between 50% and 69% of agreement, a suggestion was considered. Lower than 50% meant no consensus.ResultsTwenty‐four international experts from 14 countries participated in the study. A high percentage of consensus (96.4%) was achieved for important aspects of the use of US in HS, including the ultrasonographic indications, technical considerations, training, diagnostic criteria, staging systems, monitoring, support of US‐guided procedures and planning of surgery, and the need for US in research and clinical trials.ConclusionsAn international group of experts created a consensus statement with validated recommendations on the use of US in HS. Despite the challenges of the implementation of ultrasound in HS, this task force highly recommends the use of US in HS.
Clinical Assessment of Common Medications for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Shi Rui , Chai Keyan , Wang Haojia , Zhou Jiying , Yang Siyun , Li Jiaqi , Qiao Chuanqi , Sheng Xiaoguang , Zhang Xiaomeng , Wu Jiarui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveWith a steadily rising prevalence, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was a leading global cause of liver‐related health problems. In the clinical management of NAFLD, various western pharmaceuticals were widely utilized. This network meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of common western medications for NAFLD patients.MethodsWe systematically reviewed and screened articles based on predesigned criterion about western medications for NAFLD, which were from Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, CNKI, WanFang, and China Science and Technology Journal Database until August 1, 2024. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials of patients aged 18 or older with NAFLD, comparing Western medicines to placebos or other Western medicine treatments. The risk of bias assessment tool 2.0 from the Cochrane system was used to assess the quality of the included articles. A Bayesian network meta‐analysis was conducted using WinBUGS 1.4.3 with a random‐effects model and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. Treatment rankings were based on Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking Curve (SUCRA) values, and heterogeneity was assessed with I2 and Q statistics. The outcomes were analyzed in WinBUGS and visualized using Stata 14.0, generating network plots and cumulative probability rankings to compare treatment effects. The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024509176).ResultsBased on 37 included articles involving 7673 patients, pioglitazone demonstrated the most significant effects in resolving nonalcoholic steatohepatitis without worsening fibrosis, increasing high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and achieving a ≥ 2‐point reduction in NAFLD activity scores (odds ratio [OR] = 0.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01 to 0.81), with a SUCRA probability of 91.4%. Aldafermin showed remarkable effects in improving liver function markers, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase, with cumulative probabilities of 90% for ALT and 69.8% for AST. Cluster analysis revealed that Resmetirom and Aldafermin were superior options for enhancing liver function, while pioglitazone emerged as the best treatment for the comprehensive improvement of NAFLD.ConclusionsPioglitazone outperformed other western medicines in terms of overall efficacy when treating NAFLD, but Aldafermin and Resmetirom showed superior improvement in liver function. This study provided a certain level of support for the use of specific clinical medications.
Carrying Carbon? Negative and Positive Carbon Leakage With International Transport
Authors: Higashida Keisaku , Ishikawa Jota , Tarui Nori 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper studies how carbon pricing affects greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from international transport, production, and consumption of traded goods by modeling the international transport sector explicitly. Strategic behavior of a transport firm generates a novel mechanism of carbon leakage across borders and sectors. The effectiveness of carbon pricing depends on whether the backhaul problem (i.e., the imbalance of shipping volume in outgoing and incoming routes) is present. If the backhaul problem is absent, carbon pricing is effective in reducing global GHG emissions. With the backhaul problem, carbon pricing on goods production results in cross‐border carbon leakage. However, strategic freight‐rate setting by the transport firm mitigates this leakage. The opportunity for foreign direct investment (FDI) also affects carbon‐pricing effectiveness because the transport firm tries to deter FDI. Surprisingly, carbon pricing in the transport sector may not affect GHG emissions at all. Moreover, domestic carbon pricing on goods production may decrease GHG emissions from both transport and foreign production even if there is no domestic production under FDI.
Novel behavioural assays reveal sex‐specific behavioural syndromes in anemonefish
Authors: Graham Gabriel J. , Wilton Isabella M. , Panczyk Emily K. , Rhodes Justin S. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIndividual differences in behaviour and behavioural plasticity have been extensively studied in a variety of animals across the phylogenetic spectrum. Amphiprion species bring distinct insight into the topic because of their unique life history, mating system, and extraordinary degree of behavioural plasticity associated with protandrous (male‐to‐female) sex change. Several laboratory studies have begun characterizing individual differences in behaviour and behavioural plasticity in this species. The goals of this study were to expand the repertoire of behavioural assays available for Amphiprion ocellaris, establish repeatability of individual differences, identify sex differences, and explore whether individual differences in correlated behaviours can be detected consistently across experimental contexts (i.e., whether behavioural syndromes can be detected). We measured 35 behaviours across 7 behavioural assays in 9 reproductively active A. ocellaris pairs under 3 different reproductive contexts. Behaviours were repeatedly measured three separate times (rounds) over repeated spawning cycles. We found that 33 out of 35 behaviours were significantly individually repeatable across reproductive contexts and rounds. We found parental care, large intruder aggression, and female‐oriented aggression assays produced the largest sex differences. Males performed 7‐fold more egg care behaviours than females, whereas females performed significantly more aggressive behaviours toward a large heterospecific intruder (Dascyllus trimaculatus). Further, females displayed significantly more direct aggression toward a stimulus female than males. Three different behavioural syndromes were observed in males and none in females. These results expand our understanding of sex differences in behaviour and the division of labour in the iconic anemonefish. Future studies can use these assays to study the behaviour of fish in the middle of sex change or in the study of behavioural plasticity in this unique species.
Home‐Based Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment for Community‐Dwelling, At‐Risk, Frail Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Hayes Christina , Yigezu Amanuel , Dillon Sarah , Fitzgerald Christine , Manning Molly , Leahy Aoife , Trépel Dominic , Robinson Katie , Galvin Rose 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundComprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), an operational model of integrated care, has become a fundamental component of healthcare delivery models for older adults. It is a multidimensional diagnostic process intended to determine a frail elderly person's medical, psychosocial, and functional capabilities and limitations to develop an integrated care plan. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to update and synthesize the totality of research evidence related to the effectiveness of home‐based CGA compared with usual care among community‐dwelling at‐risk older adults. A secondary aim of the review was to characterize the components of CGA delivered across the included studies.MethodsCENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, trial registers (WHO ICTRP, ClinicalTrials.gov, and McMaster Aging Portal), and gray literature were searched. Two independent reviewers conducted screening, data extraction, quality appraisal, and applied the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations framework to quantify the certainty of evidence. Meta‐analyses were performed in Review Manager 5.4. The primary outcome was functional status.ResultsTwenty‐two trials recruiting 7219 community‐dwelling older adults were included. Home‐based CGA resulted in improved functional status at 6–24 months (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.09–0.25), at 12 months (SMD 0.24, 95% CI 0.02–0.47), and at 24 months (SMD 0.11, 95% CI 0.01–0.22); an increased health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) at 6–24 and 12 months; a reduction in mortality at 36 months; a reduction in hospitalizations at 6–36 months; and improved patient satisfaction with care at 6–12 months. Home‐based CGA resulted in little or no difference in nursing home admission, emergency department presentation, or adverse events. Intervention characteristics and multidisciplinary team composition varied across trials.ConclusionHome‐based CGA improves clinical and process outcomes for community dwelling at‐risk older adults. CGA delivered by a comprehensive multidisciplinary team enhances functional status among community‐dwelling older adults.
Effects of light‐intensity physical activity on health‐related outcomes in cancer survivors: A systematic review
Authors: Tanaka Rumi , Matsunaga‐Myoji Yuriko , Kubo Satsuki , Nagao Noriko , Fujita Kimie 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimNurse‐led lifestyle education may be particularly effective for promoting light‐intensity physical activity (LPA), which is often included as part of patients' daily activity. We aimed to conduct a comprehensive review of associations between LPA and health‐related outcomes among cancer survivors and clarify the effects of LPA.MethodsWe searched four databases to identify relevant studies that involved participants aged ≥18 years, classified physical activity based on intensity, and measured LPA during the whole day by accelerometers or questionnaires. The quality of the included studies was assessed using quality assessment tools specific to LPA studies. The results were synthesized narratively.ResultsWe extracted 34 relevant studies. Eleven studies focused on multiple cancers, eleven on breast cancer, five on colorectal cancer, three on lung cancer, and one each on head and neck cancer, non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma, prostate cancer, gynecological cancer, and colorectal and gastric cancer. Six studies reported that LPA was effective for improving fatigue. Although LPA also showed favorable associations with physical function and mortality, the number of studies was insufficient (four studies each). No association was found between LPA and adiposity (n = 5). Results for the associations between LPA and quality of life (QOL) (n = 12), depression (n = 4), and cognitive function (n = 3) were conflicting.ConclusionThis review confirmed that LPA is effective in improving several health‐related outcomes. However, the results are integrated across cancer types, and further studies should investigate each outcome for each cancer type to clarify the effect of LPA.
T‐PRP‐DAT Gel: A Novel Material Promotes Adipose Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Hou Mengmeng , Tang Jiezhang , Guo Yajie , Peng Han , Liang Baoyan , Cheng Yi , Zhang Zhaoxiang , Wei Siming , Yi Chenggang , Li Huichen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDecellularized adipose tissue (DAT) has emerged as a promising tissue‐specific regenerative platform for soft tissue augmentation and reconstruction. Hydrogels are a widely used DAT scaffold format for their injectability and porous structure. While unstable structure and poor vascularization limit the adipose tissue regeneration of DAT gels, this yields significant clinical necessity for solutions to this problem.MethodsBased on collagen‐fibrin interpenetrating, we developed an injectable thermosensitive DAT/PRP interpenetrating polymer network (t‐DP gel/t‐DPI) with the composition of DAT and temperature‐controlled platelet‐rich plasma (t‐PRP). The same volume of t‐DP gel and DAT gel were transplanted in a mouse model, and graft volume, weight, adipose tissue regeneration rate, and vascularization were compared.ResultsThe t‐DPI showed reinforced stability for the interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of collagen‐fibrin and sustained release of growth factors from the t‐PRP, resulting in improved graft volume, weight, adipose tissue regeneration, and vascularization.ConclusionsCompared with traditional DAT gel, t‐DP gel promotes adipose tissue regeneration by promoting angiogenesis and stability, and t‐DP gel has great potential for future applications in the field of plastic surgery for its simple preparation and regeneration ability.
Frame Overlapping in Moral Markets: The Case of an ‘Open, Free, and Neutral’ Telecommunications Network
Authors: Arenas Daniel , Rodón Joan , Yter Mireia 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study explores how social movement activists, engaged in constructing and expanding moral markets, sustain the integrity of their initial moral values, avoiding dilution or cooptation by conventional market practices. Through a qualitative case study of a telecommunications network, we show that activists can expand a moral market by a process of frame overlapping, which involves the mechanisms of frame amplification with plural moral values, frame bridging with a resonant economic frame and frame extension adapting cultural templates. This process stands in contrast to previously identified dynamics in moral markets literature, such as ‘mutual cooptation’ between movements and firms, de‐coupling and re‐coupling the initial values, and ‘frame divergence’. We also underline different contextual factors that shape frame overlapping. Finally, the article examines the nature of moral markets and proposes a dynamic view of what makes a moral market ‘moral’.
Masticatory Performance Within a Representative Swiss Cohort: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Roccuzzo Andrea , Prasinou Maria , Borg‐Bartolo Roberta , Jaeggi Maurus Kurt , Molinero‐Mourelle Pedro , Tennert Christian , Campus Guglielmo , Schimmel Martin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMasticatory function is a major indicator for oral health status. At the time being, only few studies have investigated orofacial functional conditions with different methods.ObjectiveTo assess the masticatory performance (MP) of individuals aged ≥ 45 residing in Swiss communities by means of a a two‐colour chewing gum.MethodsSubjects aged ≥ 45 years and residing in Swiss communities (Bern‐Canton) were recruited for this cross‐sectional study. After a comprehensive clinical examination and subjects' data collection thorough dedicated questionnaires, a two‐colour mixing‐ability test was carried out. The photographed specimens were analysed with a subjective (SA) and an Opto‐Electronic assessment (SD_Hue). Descriptive, bivariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression were performed between the outcome variable (SA) and subjects' variables.ResultsFrom the whole analysed sample (275 patients; male n = 154, women n = 121, mean age = 69.7 years), MP was assessed on 207 chewing samples. The SA revealed 118 (57%) categorised as SA 4—SA 5 (very good), 76 (36.7%) as SA 3 (good) and 13 (6.3%) as SA 1 and SA 2 (poor), respectively. MP was higher in the younger (age 45–64, SD_Hue: 0.09 SD 0.89) than in older group (age ≥ 75 years, SD_Hue: 0.19 SD 0.18). A significant association between MP and age (p < 0.01), time to the last visit at the dentist, visit to the dental hygienist (p = 0.03; p = 0.01) as well as the use of dental floss (p < 0.01) were detected.ConclusionMP of individuals aged ≥ 45 residing in Swiss communities was overall good. High plaque and bleeding scores were increasing with subjects' age.
Reveling in Mayhem: The Need for Chaos in Pandemic Psychology
Authors: Alam Raihan , Vitriol Joseph A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe COVID‐19 pandemic is a critical challenge to public health, with authorities emphasizing the importance of measures like vaccination to curb its spread. Yet, pandemic misperceptions, including distrust in scientists and conspiratorial beliefs about the disease, pose significant barriers to these efforts. Amid the turmoil of the COVID‐19 pandemic, that is, there are some who revel in mayhem. Our research investigates the need for chaos (NFC)—the drive to disrupt societal institutions—as a predictor of pandemic misperceptions. In an online sample (N = 1079 individuals), we found that those high in the NFC are also more anti‐intellectual, less cognitively sophisticated, more prone to conspiratorial thinking, including about COVID‐19, and reported reduced willingness to engage in other forms of disease mitigation, such as vaccination and social distancing. These observations emerged while controlling for ideology and other psychological, political, and demographic variables. We also find evidence that the relationships between NFC and COVID‐19‐specific behaviors may be explained by greater endorsement of COVID‐19 conspiracy theories (CTs). We consider the implications of these findings for a scientific understanding of pandemic psychology, political misperceptions, and the challenges that surround effective disease mitigation and other issues concerning public health.
Spite and Science‐Denial: Exploring the Role of Spitefulness in Conspiracy Ideation and COVID‐19 Conspiracy Beliefs
Authors: Gordon David S. , Birney Megan E. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTScience denialism is at the heart of many conspiracy theory beliefs. We propose that such beliefs are manifestations of a distal social process: spite. In three pre‐registered studies, we test the hypothesis that established predictors of these beliefs (epistemic, existential, and social motives) are specific cues of competitive disadvantage that provoke a common facultative “spiteful” psychological response, making a person more open to believing in conspiracy theories. Study 1 (N = 301; UK representative Prolific sample), found that spite mediated the relationship between realistic threat and in‐group narcissism (social motives), political powerlessness (existential motive), and intolerance for uncertainty (epistemic motive), and conspiracy theory belief and COVID‐19 conspiracies. This pattern was replicated in Study 2 (N = 405; UK representative Prolific sample). In Study 3 (N = 405; UK representative Prolific sample), we found that those who engaged in a spite‐inducing task reported higher levels of spite which indirectly resulted in stronger beliefs in conspiracy theories. The overall pattern of results provides initial evidence that spite may play a role in why people engage with false information. Research and policy implications of these findings are discussed.