bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of experimental and CFD analysis for predicting discharge coefficient of compound broad crested weir
Authors: Kulkarni Ketaki H. , Hinge Ganesh A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Present study highlights the behavior of the weir crest head and width parameter on the discharge coefficient of a compound broad crested (CBC) weir. Computational fluid dynamics model (CFD) is validated with laboratory experimental investigations. In the discharge analysis through broad crested weirs, the upstream head over the weir crest (h) is crucial, where the result is mainly dependent upon the weir crest length (L) in the transverse direction to flow, water depth from channel bed. Currently, minimal investigations are known for CFD validations on compound broad crested weirs. The hydraulic research for measuring discharge numerically is carried out using FLOW 3D software. The model applies renormalized group (RNG) using the volume of fluid (VOF) method for improved accuracy in free surface simulations. Structured hexagonal meshes of cubic elements define discretized meshing. The comparative analysis of the numerical simulations and experimental observations confirm the performance of the CBC weir for precise measurement of a wide range of discharges. Series of CFD model studies and experimental validation have led to constant range of discharge coefficients for various heads over the weir crest. The correlation coefficient of discharge predictions is 0.999 with mean error of 0.28%.
Effects of the transfer of the São Francisco River waters on the performance of the water treatment plant of Gravatá, Paraíba, Brazil
Authors: Lopes Thiago Santos de Almeida , dos Santos Whelton Brito , Belmino da Silva George Antonio , Silveira Thyago Nóbrega , Ferreira Weruska Brasileiro , Feitosa Patricia Herminio Cunha , de Lima Vera Lucia Antunes 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the transfer of the São Francisco River waters on the quality of the water produced by the water treatment plant of Gravatá (WTP-Gravatá) using multivariate statistics. Monthly means of the variables pH, apparent color and turbidity of raw, decanted and treated waters were used, in addition to the volume accumulated by the Epitácio Pessoa reservoir, during the period from January 2016 to December 2017. The arrival of the transposition waters abruptly changed the apparent color and turbidity of the raw water. In spite of that, the treated water presented low variability of the mentioned parameters, indicating that WTP-Gravatá was able to adapt its treatment. From the factor analysis/principal component analysis (FA/PCA) it was found that changes in reservoir volume alter the apparent color and turbidity of the raw water, requiring interventions in the coagulation/flocculation/decantation stages. The increasing of these parameters in the decanted water overloads the filtration step, raising the apparent color of the treated water. The cluster analysis distinguished the different phases experienced by the Epitácio Pessoa reservoir. The information obtained can help decision-making in WTPs, considering changes in reservoir volumes.
One-Pot Green Synthesis of Novel Thiazolepyridine Conjugated Benzamides
as Anti-Bacterial Agents and their Molecular Modelling Studies
Authors: Karuna Chepyala , Reddy Ch.Venkata Ramana , Syed Riyaz , Atta Ayman M. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Thiazolepyridine scaffold is considered to be one of the prime constituents of
many biologically significant chemical entities.

Methods:
A set of novel thiazolepyridine derived heterocyclic hybrids, N-phenyl-2-(thiazolo[5,4-
b]pyridin-2-yl)benzamides were synthesized by one-pot three-component reaction of 3-aminopyridine-2-
thiol, diethyl phthalate, and anilines in a mixture of ethanol and water using HCl as a catalyst. The developed
synthetic protocol, which is sustainable and economical, includes the easy work-up procedure, nontoxic,
shorter reaction times. This procedure leads to high reaction yields.

Results:
The synthesized derivatives were screened for their antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus
aureus and Bacillus subtilis strains, and 4b,4e, and 4f exhibited moderate bacterial growth inhibition.
Similarly, physiochemical properties and different target-based bioactivity scores have been predicted,
and almost all the synthesized derivatives scores were found in the accepted range when compared with
the standard values.

Conclusion:
Further structural modifications of the titled compounds would help to understand the structure-
activity relations, to design safe and effective lead-like antibacterial agents.
Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole Compounds by Click Chemistry in Aqueous
Medium and Evaluation of Bactericidal and Antitumoral Properties
Authors: Zanin Lucas Lima , Jimenez David Esteban Quintero , Birolli Willian Garcia , Venâncio Tiago , Valdes Talita Alvarenga , Leitão Andrei , Porto André Luiz Meleiro 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Triazoles are heterocyclic synthetic compounds that have gained relevance
after studies by Sharpless on regioselective methodologies for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole
derivatives. In addition, they have a wide range of biological properties.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to develop a synthetic methodology aligned with the principles
of click chemistry for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives and verify the profile of these
compounds in biological assays.

Methods:
Initially, a model reaction was selected and an optimization study involving synthetic
conditions was carried out. Using the most efficient condition, a series of compounds was developed
by the reactions between 2-azido-1-phenylethan-1-one derivatives and terminal alkynes. In sequence,
bactericidal and antitumoral assays were performed.

Results:
It was possible to synthesise ten examples using water as a sustainable solvent, in 1 hour,
with good yields of 73-99%, including three compounds described for the first time. Two products
presented bactericidal activity, one against the gram-negative Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and
other against the gram-positive Paenibacillus alvei CBMAI 2221. Moreover, other two triazole
derivatives presented antitumoral activity for prostate and pancreas cancer cells in this screening
study with the bioactivity quantified for compound 1-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2-(4-(p-tolyl)-
1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)ethan-1-one (IC50 = 132 μM).

Conclusion:
Herein, an efficient methodology for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives with
high yields and using water as solvent was developed. Furthermore, some compounds presented
positive results to bactericidal and antitumoral assays, justifying further exploration of these novel
compounds and their biological properties.
Gallic Acid: A Dietary Polyphenol that Exhibits Anti-neoplastic Activities by Modulating
Multiple Oncogenic Targets
Authors: Tuli Hardeep Singh , Mistry Hiral , Kaur Ginpreet , Aggarwal Diwakar , Garg Vivek Kumar , Mittal Sonam , Yerer Mükerrem Betül , Sak Katrin , Khan Md Asaduzzaman 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Phytochemicals are being used for thousands of years to prevent dreadful malignancy. Side effects of existing allopathic treatment have also initiated intense research in the field of bioactive phytochemicals. Gallic acid, a natural polyphenolic compound, exists freely as well as in polymeric forms. The anti-cancer properties of gallic acid are indomitable by a variety of cellular pathways such as induction of programmed cell death, cell cycle apprehension, reticence of vasculature and tumor migration, and inflammation. Furthermore, gallic acid is found to show synergism with other existing chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, the antineoplastic role of gallic acid suggests its promising therapeutic candidature in the near future. The present review describes all these aspects of gallic acid at a single platform. In addition nanotechnology-mediated approaches are also discussed to enhance bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.
Complex Automatic Determination of Morphological Parameters for Bone Tissue in Human Paranasal Sinuses
Authors: Nechyporenko Alina.S. , Radutny Radiy , Alekseeva Victoriia V. , Titova Ganna , Gargin VitaliyV. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:
Application of automated analysis currently occupies a leading position in every field of science and technology.
The aim of our study was to provide a complex automatic determination of morphological parameters for bone tissue in human paranasal sinuses.

Materials and Methods:
The study involved 50 patients aged 20 to 60, male and female without signs of inflammatory or other pathological processes in the paranasal sinuses (PNSs).

Results:
Bone density in a high-contrast image of the section can be determined by fluctuations in colour intensity. Before cleaning, the image is blurred using the Gaussian function. As a result of this operation, the images become less clear and small details merge. An algorithm known as the Connie Border Detector has found widespread use.
The curves denoting the contours can run vertically, horizontally or diagonally at different angles. Detection of the direction of curves passing vertically and horizontally is not complicated, and for curves of the diagonal direction, the Sobel operator is used, with the vertical direction Gy and horizontal Gx as the value of the first derivative. Selection of areas of bone tissue requires the assessment of brightness gradient along the long side of the area. For clarity, this operation was shown graphically.

Conclusion:
Within the scope of this work, we have developed a method for an automatic comprehensive assessment of the morphological structure of the PNSs walls with the measurement of bone density and thickness.
BENTUK DAN FUNGSI SAPAAN BAHASA PRANCIS DALAM NOVEL POIL DE CAROTTE	KARYA JULES RENARD
Authors: Rahayu Siti Perdi 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: 1) bentuk-bentuk sapaan dalam novel Poil de Carotte karya Jules Renard dan 2) fungsi kata-kata sapaan dalam novel tersebut. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah semua kata, frasa, kalimat, dan ungkapan-ungkapan yang mengandung sapaan yang ada di dalam novel Poil de Carotte karya Jules Renard. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi. Analisis data menggunakan metode distribusional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) bentuk sapaan yang ditemukan dalam novel Poil de Carotte karya Jules Renard berkategori: nomina: (a) nomina nama diri (nama depan, nama belakang, dan nama panggilan), (b) nomina umum (nom propre), pronomina, ajektiva, dan kombinasi, dan (2) fungsi sapaan dalam novel Poil de Carotte dapat diklasi ikasikan menjadi 2, yaitu sebagai tanda masih adanya hubungan (fungsi fatik), dan sebagai alat pengontrol interaksi, ditandai dengan adanya interaksi antartokoh dalam melakukan tindak tutur untuk menyuruh, menolak, mengungkapkan perasaan, menegaskan, meminta kesediaan/meminta tolong/meminta sesuatu, menjawab, memohon, menyanggupi, merajuk, merayu, menyindir, meyakinkan, mengejek, dan mengkritik
Dayak Benuaq Local Wisdom in the Land Use and Environmental Care efforts
Authors: Rahmawati Hetti 
Published: November 2021

This study was aimed at exploring the dynamics of wisdom in managing forest ecosystems as the basis for ecological behavior and preservation of the environment on Benuaq Society in East Kalimantan through indigenous perspective. This study used qualitative descriptive-Explorative method. Data of this study were obtained through interviews and observations. The results show that the use of forests is based on the maintenance of balance and sustainability of forest resources as a form of harmonious relations and human responsibility to the natural environment. The local wisdom is re lected in the habits of life and the social values that lasted a long time . The value of self-transcendence, social-altruistic, and biospheric become reinforcement in ecological behavior intention to care for the forest. A form of environmental wisdom is emonstrated in the oral arts. Farming knowledge and technologies used do not harm the environment. Land use like Umaq, Simpuk, and the swelling are developed by the Benuaq conservation behavior. Customs regulations role as controller in the system of ecologically sustainable behavior in forest management
NILAI-NILAI NASIONALISME DALAM SERAT TRIPAMA KARYA MANGKUNEGARA IV SEBAGAI SARANA PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Nugroho Sigit 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap nilai-nilai nasionalisme yang terkandung di dalam Serat Tripama. Sumber data yang dipakai sebagai bahan penelitian adalah naskah Serat Tripama karya KGPAA Mangkunegara IV koleksi Musium Sana Budaya kode P28 Kempalan Serat Warni-Warni, SK 20 397. Naskah menggunakan bahasa Jawa disajikan dalam bentuk tembang macapat dhandhanggula berjumlah tujuh bait beraksara Jawa carik Rol 111 no.2. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Transliterasi teks dilakukan untuk mengkaji, mengetahui, dan menjabarkan isi teks. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode baca catat. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif. Triangulasi sumber digunakan untuk validasi data, sedangkan reliabilitas menggunakan intrarater. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Serat Tripama memuat nilai-nilai nasionalisme yang masih relevan diterapkan pada masa sekarang terutama sebagai sarana pendidikan karakter. Nilai-nilai nasionalisme dalam Serat Tripama tercermin melalui tiga tokoh pewayangan; Patih Suwanda, Raden Kumbakarna, dan Adipati Karna.Adapun nilai-nilai nasionalisme yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sarana pendidikan karakter di dalam Serat Tripama adalah cinta tanah air, semangat kebangsaan dan menghargai perbedaan.NATIONALISM VALUES IN “SERAT TRIPAMA”, BY MANGKUNEGARA IV, AS A MEANS OF CHARACTER EDUCATIONThis study attempts to uncover the nationalism values contained in Serat Tripama. The manuscript of “Serat Tripama” by KGPAA Mangkunegara IV was the main data source and it was a collection of Sana Budaya Museum, coded P28 Kempalan Warna-warni, SK 20 397. This manuscript was written in Javanese in the form of Macapat songs (Dhandhanggula) with a total of 7 stanzas, using Javanese Carik alphabets Rol 111 number 2. A qualitative method was employed in this study. The transliteration of the text was carried out to examine, identify, and describe the contents of the manuscript. The data were collected using the note-taking method which were then analysed using descriptive analysis technique. Triangulation of sources was used for data validation, while intrarater was carried out to ensure the reliability of the data. The results presented that “Serat Tripama” contained a number of nationalism values which are still relevant and can be applied in today’s circumstances, especially as a means of character education. The values which comprise love towards motherland, spirit of nationalism, and respect for differences were reflected through the three puppet figures: Patih Suwanda, Raden Kumbakarna, and Adipati Karna which can be used as a means of character education.
HUMANISASI DALAM NOVEL PEMIMPIN YANG “TUHAN” KARYA EMHA AINUN NADJIB
Authors: Laily Helmi Nur , Turahmat Turahmat , Chamalah Evi 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji aspek etika profetik, yakni humanisasi yang terdapat pada novel Pemimpin yang “Tuhan” karya Emha Ainun Nadjib. Penelitian ini berlandaskan pada teori sastra profetik Kuntowijoyo. Penelitian ini berbentuk deskriptif kualitatif yakni mendeskripsikan dan menggambarkan gejala fenomena yang ada. Data yang digunakan berupa data kata, frasa, kalimat dalam kutipan yang memuat humanisasi dalam novel ini. Sumber data adalah novel Pemimpin Yang “Tuhan” karya Emha Ainun Najib. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik baca dan catat. Hasil klasifikasi etika profetik dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa sastra ini berlandaskan pada terminologi-terminologi Islam dari alquran yang berjiwa transendental dan sufistik. Novel ini juga sarat dengan naura sastra profetik. Aspek humanisasi yang terkandung dalam novel tersebut ada sembilan, yaitu humanisasi dengan menyebarkan kasih sayang, humanisasi dengan menyelami kebijaksanaan, membangkitkan rasa percaya diri, toleransi, memperjuangkan tujuan pendidikan, menjaga keharmonisan, saling mengamankan, saling menyelamatkan, dan menyebarkan cinta kasih yang tercermin dalam 18 kutipan.HUMANISM IN “PEMIMPIN YANG "TUHAN" “, A NOVEL BY EMHA AINUN NADJIB: A PROPHETIC LITERARY CRITICISMThis study examines aspects of prophetic ethics, namely humanization contains in a novel entitled “Pemimpin Yang “Tuhan” ”, writen by Emha Ainun Nadjib. The analysis done within this study was based on Kuntowijoyo's prophetic literary theory. The nature of this study is descriptive qualitative as it describes the existed phenomena depicted in the novel. The data consisted of words, phrases, sentences as represented in quotes taken from the novel through in-depth reading and note taking techniques. The classification of prophetic ethics resulted that this piece of literature was mainly based on Islamic terminologies taken from the Holy Qur'an which has a transcendental and sufistic spirits. This novel is also heavily loaded with prophetic literature. There are nine aspects of humanization contained in the novel namely humanization by spreading loves, nurturing wisdom, building self-confidence, being tolerance, striving for education, maintaining harmony, protecting and saving others, and dispersing devotion to all living beings – all were reflected throughout the 18 quotes.
PENENTUAN AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL CABAI MERAH DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI
Authors: Sapitri Alfi , Marbun Eva Diansari , Mayasari Ulfayani 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan uji fitokimia terhadap ekstrak etanol Cabai merah (Capsicum annum L.) dan uji aktivitasnya terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri ini menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan menggunakan kertas cakram dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Ekstrak etanol cabai merah dibuat dengan konsentrasi 45, 60, 75, dan 90%. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode Kirby Bauer. Media yang digunakan sebagai uji antibakteri pada penelitian ini yaitu Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA). Hasil skrining fitokimia terhadap ekstrak etanol cabai merah menunjukkan adanya senyawa metabolit sekunder. Senyawa metabolit sekunder tersebut yaitu alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan Steroid/triterpenoid. Steroid berfungsi sebagai antimikroba. Hasil penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan adanya kandungan senyawa capsaicin yang terkenal sebagai senyawa aktif antimikroba. Ekstrak etanol cabai merah memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli zona bening terendah pada konsentrasi 45% dan zona bening tertinggi pada konsentrasi 90%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak cabai merah memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri.THE ABILITY OF RED CHILI ETHANOL EXTRACT IN INHIBITHING THE GROWTH OF BACTERIAThis study aimed to perform a phytochemical test on the ethanolic extract of red chili (Capsicum annum L.) and test its activity against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. This antibacterial activity test used the agar diffusion method using disc paper with three repetitions. Red chili ethanol extract was made with concentrations of 45%, 60%, 75% and 90%. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using the Kirby Bauer method. The medium used as an antibacterial test in this study was Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA). The results of phytochemical screening of red chili ethanol extract showed the presence of secondary metabolites. The secondary metabolites are alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids/triterpenoids. Steroids serve as antimicrobials. The results of this study also revealed the presence of capsaicin compounds which are known as active antimicrobial compounds. Red chili ethanol extract had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria in the lowest clear zone at a concentration of 45% and the highest clear zone at a concentration of 90%. It can be concluded that red chili extract has antibacterial activity against bacterial growth inhibition.
COVID-19–Related Rumor Content, Transmission, and Clarification Strategies in China: Descriptive Study
Authors: Ning Peishan , Cheng Peixia , Li Jie , Zheng Ming , Schwebel David C , Yang Yang , Lu Peng , Mengdi Li , Zhang Zhuo , Hu Guoqing 
Published: November 2021

Background
Given the permeation of social media throughout society, rumors spread faster than ever before, which significantly complicates government responses to public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective
We aimed to examine the characteristics and propagation of rumors during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in China and evaluated the effectiveness of health authorities’ release of correction announcements.

Methods
We retrieved rumors widely circulating on social media in China during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and assessed the effectiveness of official government clarifications and popular science articles refuting those rumors.

Results
We show that the number of rumors related to the COVID-19 pandemic fluctuated widely in China between December 1, 2019 and April 15, 2020. Rumors mainly occurred in 3 provinces: Hubei, Zhejiang, and Guangxi. Personal social media accounts constituted the major source of media reports of the 4 most widely distributed rumors (the novel coronavirus can be prevented with “Shuanghuanglian”: 7648/10,664, 71.7%; the novel coronavirus is the SARS coronavirus: 14,696/15,902, 92.4%; medical supplies intended for assisting Hubei were detained by the local government: 3911/3943, 99.2%; asymptomatically infected persons were regarded as diagnosed COVID-19 patients with symptoms in official counts: 322/323, 99.7%). The number of rumors circulating was positively associated with the severity of the COVID-19 epidemic (ρ=0.88, 95% CI 0.81-0.93). The release of correction articles was associated with a substantial decrease in the proportion of rumor reports compared to accurate reports. The proportions of negative sentiments appearing among comments by citizens in response to media articles disseminating rumors and disseminating correct information differ insignificantly (both correct reports: χ12=0.315, P=.58; both rumors: χ12=0.025, P=.88; first rumor and last correct report: χ12=1.287, P=.26; first correct report and last rumor: χ12=0.033, P=.86).

Conclusions
Our results highlight the importance and urgency of monitoring and correcting false or misleading reports on websites and personal social media accounts. The circulation of rumors can influence public health, and government bodies should establish guidelines to monitor and mitigate the negative impact of such rumors.