bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEJAHATAN SIBER YANG MENJADI KEKOSONGAN HUKUM
Authors: Cheny Berlian  
Published: May 2021

Pada era teknologi sekarang ini, semakin banyak terjadinya kejahatan dalam bidang teknologi atau yang lebih dikenal sebagai Cyber Crime, yang mana kejahatan-kejahatan tersebut selalu berkembang setiap tahunnya. Banyaknya kasus-kasus Cyber Crime tersebut tentu meresahkan masyrakat, sehingga diciptkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik Dan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik. Namun tidak semua kejahatan yang terjadi dapat dilindungi oleh Undang-Undang ITE tersebut, ada banyak kasus-kasus kejahatan siber yang tidak ada perlindungan hukumnya sehingga hal ini membuat adanya kekosongan hukum.
Hekim Adaylarının Ağız Diş Sağlığı Konularında ve Ağız Bölgesindeki Bazı Anatomik Yapılarla İlgili Bilgi Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: CANBOLAT Mustafa 
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Sağlık profesyonellerinin bir görevi de toplumun doğru sağlık davranışlarını kazanmasını teşvik edecek, yanlış bilgi ve uygulamalardan uzaklaşmasını sağlayacak olan rehberliktir. Bizim bu çalışmada amacımız toplumu ağız-diş sağlığı konularında bilinçlendirerek, sağlığın primer korunmasına hizmet edecek olan hekim adaylarının ağız bölgesinde bulunan bazı anatomik oluşumlar ve kendi ağız-diş sağlıkları konusunda tutumlarını ve bilgi düzeylerini değerlendirmektir.
Materyal ve Metod: Çalışmamız kesitsel bir çalışmadır. 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılında İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi preklinik sınıflarda eğitim gören ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 323 tıp fakültesi öğrenci ile gerçekleştirildi. Öğrencilere 25 maddeden oluşan anket formları verildi ve doldurmaları istenildi. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler için sayı ve yüzde dağılımlar kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin %50.2’sinin çürük dişi bulunmaktadır. %31.6’sında kayıp diş vardır. %9’u hayatlarında hiç diş hekimine gitmemişler. Öğrencilerin %38.4’ü ağız ve diş sağlığı ile ilgili konularda diş hekimi dışında kaynaklardan bilgi edinirken, %25.4’ü sararmış ve çürük dişlere sahip olmayı estetik bir problem olarak görmektedirler. %62.5’i süt dişlerin çıkış zamanını bilemezken, kalıcı dişlerin çıkış zamanını bilemeyenlerin oranı %44.3’tür. Kaç tane süt dişinin olduğu sorusuna %58.2’si yanlış cevap verirken, ilk çıkan kalıcı dişin hangisi olduğuna %65.3’ü yanlış cevap vermiştir.
Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçlarımız gösteriyor ki hekim adayları ağız ve diş sağlığı konularında yeterli bilgi düzeyine sahip değiller. Bu olumsuz tablonun altında tıp fakültesi müfredatında ağız ve diş sağlığı ile ilgili bir planlamanın olmaması yatmaktadır. Ancak her konuda müfredata bir ders eklemekten ziyade topyekün bir koruyucu hekimlik anlayışının hekim adaylarına eğitim hayatları boyunca kazandırılmasının çok daha önemli olduğu düşüncesindeyiz.
Dérives de la gouvernance et nouveaux équilibres en Inde
Authors: Saint-Mézard Isabelle 
Published: May 2021

Résumé L’Inde présente aujourd’hui une situation un peu paradoxale. D’un côté, elle fait figure de grand émergent ; les dirigeants des pays les plus influents au monde se pressent à sa porte. D’un autre côté, elle connaît depuis plusieurs mois des incertitudes sur les plans économique et surtout politique, qui contrastent avec son image internationale plutôt positive.
Pertinence sociale et politique de l'Eucharistie
Authors: Grieu Étienne 
Published: May 2021

Résumé Il est peu de gestes, dans l’histoire, qui aient eu un retentissement aussi grand que celui que posa Jésus, la veille de sa mort, au cours du dernier repas avec ses disciples. C’est autour de ce geste que les chrétiens se rassemblent depuis vingt siècles. Quels sont les effets de cette pratique sur la société et l’organisation du vivre ensemble ? Peut-elle faire bouger les rapports institués ?
Klimt et l'énigme du féminin
Authors: Salvan Chloé 
Published: May 2021

Résumé Vienne fête les 150 ans de la naissance de Klimt par une série d’expositions qui saluent unanimement une œuvre hantée par la question de la vérité et l’énigme du féminin. Est-ce parce qu’il a très tôt posé cette question que Freud assignait comme tâche au xx e siècle, « que veut la femme ? », que Klimt semble à ce point notre contemporain ?
Asbestos ban: what is the worldwide current situation?
Authors: Lia Michela , Crivellari Stefania , De Angelis Antonina , Laface Rosa , Ugo Francesca , Maconi Antonio , Grosso Federica 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: The association between exposure to asbestos and damage to health has long been recognized, but currently the ban of asbestos is not extended globally. The report illustrates the world situation and related issues. Methodology: Through an analysis of the bibliography, we extrapolated data useful for providing an exhaustive idea of the distribution of the use of asbestos and for the legislation. Results: There is a gap between countries that have adhered to the asbestos ban and countries that still use it. The focus shifts to the latter, where the peak of maximum incidence of pathologies asbestos-related will occur in the coming decades. Conclusions: Although legislative efforts have been made to stem this epidemiological disaster, they are insufficient in most countries.
Reorganization of a neurorehabilitation department in the management of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bolgeo Tatiana , Desilvestri Manuela , Marchioni Manuela , Pizzorno Marco , Gardalini Menada , Bertolotti Marinella , Betti Marta , Roveta Annalisa , Maconi Antonio , Centini Giacomo , Desperati Massimo , Kozel Daniela , Gambarini Lorella , Perrero Luca 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: To analyze and describe a new organizational method at a Rehabilitation Unit in the COVID-19 period, useful for monitoring and subsequent reduction of critical issues emerging during the professional activities. Reduce the inconvenience of patients and propose an adequate microclimate. Methodology: The aim of this work is to present an organizational model of emergency management during the Coronavirus pandemic in the rehabilitation setting, summarizing in a descriptive way the choices and changes made to be able to cope with the emergency, with the final objective of free the ward from cases affected by infection, keeping the health of the COVID+ patient as a priority, the health of patients who had not contracted the infection and hospital staff engaged in the management of these patients. All organizational changes and subsequent results achieved will be presented in chronological order. On the basis of the objectives to be achieved and the results achieved, 4 phases will be distinguished: Phase I: onset and control; (Monday 2nd March - Tuesday 10th March) Phase II: reorganization and surveillance; (Wednesday 11 March - Wednesday 18 March). Phase III: treatment, resignation and transfers; (Thursday 19 March - Sunday 29 March). Phase IV: follow-up; (Sunday 29 March - Wednesday 29 April). Results: The actions that took place in these phases concerned several areas: therapeutic, psychological, social, family. The rehabilitation treatments were carried out in the patient rooms, identifying dedicated physiotherapists in rotation, precautions widely shared in rehabilitation settings similar to ours. tampons within 24 hours and with a functional impairment such as not to allow discharge to the home. This will allow to maintain the rehabilitation specificity characteristic of the center and to fully exploit the multidisciplinarity that characterizes the healthcare personnel within the rehabilitation setting. Conclusions: The health emergency from COVID-19 has severely tested the Italian health system by drastically subverting the organizational models present in it. To the best of our knowledge this article reports both the interventions undertaken to deal with the emergency, and the consequent outcomes within a rehabilitation setting during the pandemic from COVID-19.
Publication trend of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 articles in the Indian Journal of Ophthalmology during the pandemic
Authors: Gurnani Bharat , Kaur Kirandeep 
Published: May 2021

Purpose:
To analyze the trend of COVID-19-related and non-COVID-19-related articles published in the Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of all COVID-19 and non-COVID-19-related articles published in all the issues of IJO from January 2020 to March 2021 was performed. The data were obtained from the official website of IJO, Editor IJO monthly email, and PubMed. The monthly data were analyzed and a comparative analysis was done. The articles were segregated as Original, Review, Case Report/Series, Letter to the Editor/Commentary, Guest Editorial, Research methodology, Point-Counterpoint, Consensus Criteria, Ophthalmic Images, Photo Essay, Surgical Techniques, and AIOS Meeting Papers.

Results:
Out of 1343 articles published in IJO during the pandemic, 182 (13.55%) were COVID-19-related and 1161 (86.45%) were non-COVID-19-related articles. Among COVID-19 articles (182), majority were letter to the editors 66 (36.26%), followed by original articles 39 (21.42%), commentaries 24 (13.18%), editorials 18 (9.89%), and preferred practices 13 (7.14%). The least were case reports five (2.74%), current ophthalmology and innovation three (1.64%) each, and one (0.54%) each of consensus criteria, images, and photo assays. In the non-COVID-19-related articles (1161), maximum were original articles 276 (23.77%), followed by case reports 179 (15.41%), photo assays 157 (13.52%), and commentaries 141 (12.14%). The least were three (0.25%) consensus criteria and two (0.17%) each of current ophthalmology and innovations. The lockdown issue with 223 articles, postlockdown phase 1 had 267, postlockdown phase 2 had 321, and postlockdown phase 3 with 316 (1127 articles) articles in IJO showed a rising trend in a number of published articles compared with the prelockdown issues (216 articles).

Conclusion:
The quality and quantity of articles published in IJO increased and improved significantly. The results were seen with progressive improvement in citations and impact factors of the journal.
Circumpapillary optical coherence tomography angiography differences in perimetrically affected and unaffected hemispheres in primary open-angle glaucoma and the preperimetric fellow eye
Authors: Sihota Ramanjit , Shakrawal Jyoti , Azad Shorya Vardhan , Kamble Neha , Dada Tanuj 
Published: May 2021

Purpose:
Evaluation of circumpapillary vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTa) in mild-moderate glaucoma patients having unilateral visual field defects, with their fellow eyes and controls.

Methods:
Both eyes of 24 patients having a definitive nasal step or arcuate scotoma in one hemisphere of one eye only, and 24 controls, underwent OCTa.

Results:
In eyes with a superior field defect, the superior/inferior quadrant ratios, (SQ/IQ) of 3 mm scan of VD and PD were significantly higher in eyes with a superior arcuate scotoma than fellow eyes (P = 0.03,0.02) as also controls, (P = 0.004,0.001). The mean percentage loss of inferior quadrant VD between control to fellow eyes, and superior nasal step eyes were similar, 20.19%/19.57% respectively, P = 0.85, while a loss in arcuate scotoma eyes was 38.81% (P = 0.001). The percentage decrease in inferior quadrant PD in fellow eyes was 14.70%, superior nasal step 23.39%, and an arcuate scotoma 34.74% (P = 0.02). Eyes with a superior nasal step had significantly lower VD and PD absolute values in the inferior quadrant OCTa in 3 mm and 6 mm circle scan only as compared to control eyes, VD, P = 0.03,0.04/PD, P = 0.008,0.02. Fellow eyes of superior field defects had significantly lower VD and PD absolute values in the inferior quadrant in 3 mm and 6 mm circle scan as compared to control eyes, VD, P = 0.006,0.04/PD, P = 0.01,0.03. Eyes with an isolated inferior field defect in only one eye, showed a significant decrease in both VD and PD in all quadrants as compared to fellow eyes and control eyes. A significant positive correlation was found between VD and RNFL thickness in peripapillary superior unaffected quadrants in eyes with superior field defects and inferior unaffected quadrants in inferior defects (P = 0.001 and 0.01).

Conclusion:
There was a statistically significant increasing SQ/IQ ratio and percentage loss of vascular parameters from control to fellow eyes, those with a superior nasal step, and those with a superior arcuate scotoma. Inferior VFDs appeared to be associated with a more generalized circulatory loss. The asymmetry between hemispheres and between eyes could be used as a biomarker for early glaucomatous neuropathy.
Impact of COVID-19 on follow-up and medication adherence in patients with glaucoma in a tertiary eye care centre in south India
Authors: Subathra GN , Rajendrababu Sharmila R , Senthilkumar Vijayalakshmi A , Mani Iswarya , Udayakumar B 
Published: May 2021

Purpose:
COVID-19 pandemic has affected the healthcare system worldwide hindering the continuum of treatment of chronic disease patients. The objective of the study is to analyze the barriers encountered by the glaucoma patients for the follow-up visit and medication adherence during the pandemic.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study included glaucoma patients who did not attend the scheduled appointment from April 1, 2020 to July 31, 2020 in a tertiary eye care center (88.21%). Eligible patients of age >18 years and advised antiglaucoma medication in Madurai Zone were interviewed with validated questionnaire through telephonic call.

Results:
363 patients answered the questionnaire through telephonic interview. 57.3% of the patients were found to be non-adherent to medication. The main barriers for glaucoma follow-up visit during the pandemic were lockdown restriction, transport problem, and financial difficulties. The top barriers for medication adherence were non availability of medication (54.81%), financial difficulties (30.29%), did not feel much improvement with eye drops (20.19%). On multiple regression analysis, longer distance to hospital, low socioeconomic status, more than one antiglaucoma medication use, lack of awareness of glaucoma, non-complaint before COVID-19 and stress due to the pandemic were found to be significant factors for medication non adherence.

Conclusion:
COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the need for reformation in health care system for accessibility of medical care to patients in rural areas. Decentralization of health system to primary care level and utilization of teleophthalmology should be considered by health care planners in future.
Retrospective multifactorial analysis of Pythium keratitis and review of literature
Authors: Gurnani Bharat , Christy Josephine , Narayana Shivananda , Rajkumar Purushothama , Kaur Kirandeep , Gubert Joseph 
Published: May 2021

Purpose:
The aim of this work was to study the demographic profile, clinical diagnostic features, challenges in management, treatment outcomes, and ocular morbidity of microbiological culture-proven Pythium keratitis in a tertiary eye care hospital in South India.

Methods:
Retrospective analysis of microbiologically proven Pythium keratitis patients was performed at a tertiary eye center from October 2017 to March 2020. Demographic details, risk factors, microbiological investigations, clinical course, and visual outcomes were analyzed.

Results:
Thirty patients were analyzed. The mean age was 43.1±17.2 years. Most common risk factors were history of injury in 80% and exposure to dirty water in 23.3%. Visual acuity at baseline was 20/30 to perception of light (PL). The most common clinical presentation was stromal infiltrate and hypopyon in 14 (46.6%) patients each. The microbiological confirmation was based on culture on blood agar and vesicles with zoospores formation with incubated leaf carnation method. Seven (23.3%) patients improved with topical 0.2% Linezolid and topical 1% Azithromycin, 19 (63.3%) patients underwent Therapeutic keratoplasty (TPK) and 4 were lost to follow-up. Seven (23.3%) patients had graft reinfection, and 3 (10%) developed endophthalmitis. The final visual acuity was 20/20- 20/200 in 6 (20%) patients, 20/240-20/1200 in 5 (16.6%) patients, hand movement to positive perception of light in 16 patients and no perception of light (Pthisis Bulbi) in 3 (10%) patients.

Conclusion:

P. insidiosum keratitis is a rapidly progressive infectious keratitis with prolonged and relapsing clinical course. It usually results in irreparable vision loss in majority of the patients. Prompt diagnosis, clinical awareness, and specific treatment options are needed for successfully managing this devastating corneal disease.
Temporal trend of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis and correlation with environmental and air pollution factors in India
Authors: Das Anthony Vipin , Basu Sayan 
Published: May 2021

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to describe the correlation between the temporal pattern of presentation of acute microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis (MKC) with meteorological parameters such as environmental temperature, rainfall, humidity, windspeed, and air pollution.

Methods:
This cross-sectional hospital-based study included 182,789 patients presenting between January 2016 and December 2019 hailing from the district of Hyderabad. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of MKC in at least one eye with an acute onset (≤1 week) of presentation were included as cases. Correlation analysis was performed with the local environmental temperature, rainfall, humidity, and windspeed (Telangana State Development and Planning Society) and air pollution (Central Pollution Control Board, Government of India).

Results:
Overall, 84 (0.05%) patients were diagnosed with acute onset MKC from the district of Hyderabad. The mean monthly prevalence in this cohort was 0.05% with peak prevalence in the months of July (0.08%), August (0.09%), September (0.12%), and October (0.08%). The environmental parameters of rainfall (r
2 = 0.87/P = < 0.0001), humidity (r
2 = 0.78/P = 0.0001), windspeed (r
2 = 0.38/P = 0.0321) were significantly positively correlated and the air pollution parameters such as ground level ozone (r
2 = 0.89/P = < 0.0001), particulate matter PM10 (r
2 = 0.65/P = 0.0013), PM2.5 (r
2 = 0.50/P = 0.0095), nitrogen dioxide (r
2 = 0.53/P = 0.0071), and carbon monoxide (r
2 = 0.69/P = 0.0008) were significantly negatively correlated with the temporal pattern of MKC in the population.

Conclusion:
Parasitic infections like MKC show a distinct temporal trend peaking during the monsoon season in the population. An increase in humidity, wind speed, and especially rainfall contributes to a higher prevalence of MKC cases during the year. An increase in ground-level ozone seems to be protective against infection.
Hyperreflective foci as biomarkers for inflammation in diabetic macular edema: Retrospective analysis of treatment naïve eyes from south India
Authors: M Arthi , Sindal Manavi D , R Rashmita 
Published: May 2021

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to analyze the factors associated with hyperreflective foci (HRF) in diabetic macular edema (DME) in treatment naïve eyes.

Methods:
This retrospective observational study included 131 eyes of 91 treatment naïve patients with DME. Details of ophthalmological examination with duration of vision loss and systemic parameters were noted. The spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images were analyzed for number and location of HRF and the associated imaging biomarkers.

Results:
Inner retinal (IR) HRF were seen in 88 eyes (67%), outer retinal (OR) in 28 (21%), and subretinal (SR) in 12 (9%). The IR had (7.1 ± 7) HRF, the OR (6.5 ± 4.8), and SR (3.9 ± 2.9). A greater proportion of eyes with HRF also had subretinal fluid (SRF), significantly higher blood pressure and lower serum triglycerides. Univariate linear regression analysis showed women (3 HRF greater vs. men, P = 0.04), eyes with cystoid spaces (2.95 more HRF vs. no cystoid spaces, P = 0.02), and SRF (2.96 more HRF vs. no SRF, P = 0.007) had more HRF, whereas higher triglycerides (1 HRF lesser per 50 mg lower TGL, P = 0.03) had lesser.

Conclusion:
Our study highlights the importance of HRF as an imaging biomarker in DME suggesting an inflammatory origin. Long-term observations of large cohorts with automated analysis can give more insights.
Medial and lateral canthal ligaments shown in P45 sheet plastination and dissection
Authors: Qin Tao , Chun Pu , Li Fei-Fei , Yu Sheng-Bo , Hwang Kun , Sui Hong-Jin 
Published: May 2021

Purpose:
Ocular suspensory ligament is an important part of the lower eyelid retractors. However, there is a scarcity of studies examining detailed en-block histologies of ocular suspensory ligaments.

Methods:
In this study, we included the cadavers of Chinese adults as subjects. These cadavers of Chinese adults were processed using P45 plastination techniques. The polymer resulted in transparent plastination, and the P45 sheet-plastinated sections of the lower eyelid were observed. The gross anatomy results of three Chinese adult heads (six hemifaces) were included as gross dissection data. All photographic documentation was performed via a Canon EOS 7D Mark camera.

Results:
The results showed that the inferior rectus muscle, inferior oblique muscle, ocular suspensory ligament, and its arcuate expansion are under the eyeball. The medial and lateral parts of the ocular suspensory ligament end at the medial and lateral canthal ligament. The middle part, a hammock-like shape, is slightly lower. The ocular suspensory ligament holds up the inferior oblique muscle, inferior rectus muscle, and the eyeball. As the inferior oblique muscle passes through the sheath of the inferior rectus, the fascia is thickened, forming the ocular suspensory ligament. The ocular suspensory ligament connects to the intermuscular septum, the inferior tarsal muscle, and the medial and lateral check ligaments.

Conclusion:
This study observed the ocular suspensory ligament and arcuate expansion through P45 sheet plastination for the first time and identified the distribution of the lower eyelid ligaments, thus laying the foundation for further research.