bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction between occupational physical burdens and low job control on musculoskeletal pain: Analysis of the 5th Korean Working Environment Survey
Authors: Lee Jongin , Kim Hyoung-Ryoul , Lee Dong-Wook , Kang Mo-Yeol 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the interactive impacts between occupational physical burdens and psychological job demand or control on musculoskeletal pain (MSP) using nationally representative data for Korean workers.

Methods
Using 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS), we explored the interaction between occupational physical burdens and levels of psychological job demand or control on risk of MSP in 49 572 eligible participants. For quantitative evaluation of the interaction, relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) was calculated.

Results
In a group with low job control and at least one occupational physical burden, odds ratio (OR) for neck and upper extremity pain was 2.44 (95% CI, 2.24-2.66) compared with a group with high job control and no physical burden (a reference group: lowest risk), which was the highest value among the four groups, and the RERI was 0.35 (95% CI, 0.19-0.51). Similarly, OR for lower extremity pain was 2.15 (95% CI, 1.95-2.37) and RERI was 0.26 (95% CI, 0.07-0.45). However, the RERI was not significant in the case of psychological job demand.

Conclusion
This study revealed significant interactions between occupational physical burdens and low job control on MSP.
Evaluation of the correlation between dosimetric, geometric, and technical parameters of radiosurgery planning for multiple brain metastases
Authors: de Camargo André Vinícius , Cao Minsong , da Silva Diego da Cunha Silveira Alves , de Araújo Raphael Leonardo Cunha 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the correlation between dosimetric, geometric, and technical parameters for radiosurgery planning of multiple brain metastasis treatments treated with a linear accelerator with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technique.Materials and methodsData were collected retrospectively from 55 patients who underwent radiosurgery in a single institution from August 2017 to February 2020. Patients presented 4–21 brain metastases were treated with a single fraction with doses between 18 and 20 Gy. Dosimetric variables were collected including V5Gy, V8Gy, V10Gy, V12Gy, V14Gy, conformity index (CI), heterogeneity index (HI), maximum dose (Dmax), and the CI_R50. Geometric variables including the number of lesions, target volumes, the smallest target volume, the largest target volume, and the distance between the isocenter and the most distant lesion (DIL) and technical variables such as the numbers of total arcs, noncoplanar arcs, and isocenters were collected for analysis.ResultsThe number of lesions had a moderate positive correlation with V5Gy, V8Gy, V10Gy, V12Gy, V14Gy, HI, Dmax, and with the number of total arcs. The target volumes had a positive medium–high correlation with V5Gy, V8Gy, V10Gy, V12Gy, V14Gy, and moderate positive correlation with HI, Dmax, number of arcs and noncoplanar arcs. The CI and CI_R50 had a negative correlation with all volumes related to the target: the target volumes, the smallest, and the largest lesion. A positive correlation was observed between the distance of the isocenter and the most DIL with V5Gy, V8Gy, V10Gy, V12Gy, V14Gy, HI, Dmax, and the number of isocenters.ConclusionIt was found that the number of lesions and the target volumes are good predictors of dosimetric indexes of plan evaluation and that the distance between the isocenter and the most DIL harms them.
Juvenile Fibromyalgia in Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Utility of the Pain and Symptom Assessment Tool
Authors: Tesher Melissa S. , Graham Thomas B. , Ting Tracy , Kashikar‐Zuck Susmita , Lynch Niccola , Wroblewski Kristen , Weiss Jennifer E. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the proportion of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) who met criteria for comorbid juvenile fibromyalgia (FM) using the Pain and Symptom Assessment Tool (PSAT), and to identify clinical and demographic differences among JIA patients with and without juvenile FM.MethodsPatients ages 11–17 years with JIA were recruited from 4 North American pediatric rheumatology centers. Each patient completed the PSAT. Additional clinical and disease activity measures included pain visual analog scale, patient global assessment of disease activity (PtGA) and physician global assessment of disease activity (PhGA), the Functional Disability Inventory (FDI), and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale in children.ResultsOf 129 patients, 11 met criteria for juvenile FM. FDI scores were markedly higher in patients who tested positive for juvenile FM, with a mean of 24.8 compared to 6.9 in patients without juvenile FM (P < 0.001). Pain catastrophizing scores were also significantly higher, by ~14 points, in patients with juvenile FM. There was a significant tendency for patients to give higher disease activity scores than physicians, which was more marked among patients with juvenile FM. In patients with juvenile FM, PtGA scores exceeded PhGA scores by a mean of 3.7, compared to a mean of 0.7 among patients without juvenile FM (P < 0.001).ConclusionA minority of JIA patients (8.5%) met criteria for juvenile FM. This group demonstrated markedly more functional impairment. PtGA scores were strikingly higher than PhGA scores among patients with JIA who met juvenile FM criteria, suggesting that providers might consider a more expansive approach to chronic pain and non‐musculoskeletal symptom assessment and treatment in JIA patients.
Perceptions and Challenges Experienced by African Physicians When Prescribing Methotrexate for Rheumatic Disease: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Hitchon Carol A. , Mody Girsh M. , Feldman Candace H. , Lau Yan , Shi Steven , Meltzer Michele , Scuccimarri Rosie , Weinblatt Michael E. , Colmegna Ines 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveGuidelines for methotrexate (MTX) use in rheumatic disease may not be feasible for physicians practicing in the least developed countries. We aimed to understand the experiences of MTX prescribers relating to MTX use for rheumatic disease in African countries to inform the development of culturally and geographically appropriate recommendations.MethodsAfrican physicians who self‐identified as MTX prescribers from countries classified as having a low versus a medium or high Human Development Index (L‐HDI versus MH‐HDI) participated in semistructured interviews between August 2016 and September 2017. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded thematically, and stratified by HDI.ResultsPhysicians (23 rheumatologists; six internists) from 29 African countries were interviewed (15 L‐HDI; 14 MH‐HDI). Identified barriers to MTX use included inconsistent MTX supply (reported by 87% L‐HDI versus 43% MH‐HDI), compounded by financial restrictions (reported by 93% L‐HDI versus 64% MH‐HDI), patient hesitancy based partly on cultural beliefs and societal roles (reported by 71%), few prescribers (reported by 33%), prevalent infections (especially viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus), and both availability and cost of monitoring tests. MTX pretreatment evaluation and starting and maximal doses were similar between L‐HDI countries and MH‐HDI countries.ConclusionThe challenges of treating rheumatic disease in African countries include unreliable drug availability and cost, limited subspecialists, and patient beliefs. Adapting recommendations for MTX use in the context of prevalent endemic infections; ensuring safe but feasible MTX monitoring strategies, enhanced access to stable drug supply, and specialized rheumatology care; and improving patient education are key to reducing the burden of rheumatic diseases in L‐HDI countries.
Nutrition Information Resources Used by People With Systemic Sclerosis and Perceived Advantages and Disadvantages: A Nominal Group Technique Study
Authors: Østbø Nora , Jimenez Elizabeth Y. , Harb Sami , Bourgeault Angelica , Carrier Marie‐Eve , Thombs Brett D. ,   the Scleroderma Patient‐Centered Intervention Network (SPIN) Diet and Nutrition Education Patient Advisory Team
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveWhere people with systemic sclerosis (SSc) (or scleroderma) obtain diet and nutrition information to manage their disease is not known. Objectives were to identify 1) resources used by people with SSc for nutrition and diet information and 2) perceived advantages and disadvantages of resources.MethodsWe conducted nominal group technique (NGT) sessions in which people with SSc reported nutrition and diet information resources they have used and perceived advantages and disadvantages of accessing and using resources. Participants indicated whether they had tried each resource. They rated helpfulness and importance of possible advantages and disadvantages. Items elicited across sessions were merged to eliminate overlap.ResultsWe conducted four NGT sessions (three English language, one French language; 15 total participants) and identified 33 unique information resources, 147 resource‐specific advantages, and 118 resource‐specific disadvantages. Resource categories included health care providers, alternative and complementary practitioners, websites and other media platforms, events, and print materials. The most common themes for advantages and disadvantages included quality and individualization of information and accessibility of resources in terms of cost, location, and comprehensibility. Information provided by medical professionals was regarded as most credible and can be obtained through books, articles, and websites if individual consultation is not easily accessible. Web‐based information was considered highly accessible, although of variable credibility. In‐person events may be an important source of health information for people with SSc.ConclusionPeople with SSc obtain nutrition and diet information from multiple resources. They seek credible and accessible resources that provide SSc‐specific and individualized information.
Quantifying the Compressive Force of 3D Cardiac Tissues via Calculating the Volumetric Deformation of Built‐In Elastic Gelatin Microspheres
Authors: He Chuanjiang , Wei Xinwei , Liang Tao , Liu Mengxue , Jiang Deming , Zhuang Liujing , Wang Ping 
Published: July 2021

AbstractQuantifying cardiac contractile force is of paramount important in studying mechanical heart failure and screening therapeutic drugs. However, most existing methods can only measure the in‐plane component of twitch force of cardiomyocytes, such that mismatching the centripetal compressive stress of heart beating in physiology. Here, a non‐destructive method is developed for quantifying the compressive stress and mapping the distribution of the local stress within the 3D cardiac tissues. In detail, elastic gelatin microspheres labeled with fluorescence beads are fabricated by microfluidic chips with high throughput, and they serve as built‐in pressure sensors which are wrapped by cardiomyocytes in 3D tissues. The deformation of microspheres and the displacements of fluorescent beads induced by the contraction of cardiomyocytes are demonstrated to characterize the amount and distribution of the centripetal compressive stress. Further, the method shows a potent capability to locally quantify contractile force variation of 3D cardiac tissues, which is induced by agonist (norepinephrine) and inhibitor (blebbistatin). On the whole, the method significantly improves the 3D measurement of mechanical force in vitro and provides a solution for locally quantifying the compressive stress within engineered cardiac tissues.
Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell‐Derived Neural Progenitor Cells Produce Distinct Neural 3D In Vitro Models Depending on Alginate/Gellan Gum/Laminin Hydrogel Blend Properties
Authors: Kapr Julia , Petersilie Laura , Distler Thomas , Lauria Ines , Bendt Farina , Sauter Clemens M. , Boccaccini Aldo R. , Rose Christine R. , Fritsche Ellen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractStable and predictive neural cell culture models are a necessary premise for many research fields. However, conventional 2D models lack 3D cell‐material/‐cell interactions and hence do not reflect the complexity of the in vivo situation properly. Here two alginate/gellan gum/laminin (ALG/GG/LAM) hydrogel blends are presented for the fabrication of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)‐based 3D neural models. For hydrogel embedding, hiPSC‐derived neural progenitor cells (hiNPCs) are used either directly or after 3D neural pre‐differentiation. It is shown that stiffness and stress relaxation of the gel blends, as well as the cell differentiation strategy influence 3D model development. The embedded hiNPCs differentiate into neurons and astrocytes within the gel blends and display spontaneous intracellular calcium signals. Two fit‐for‐purpose models valuable for i) applications requiring a high degree of complexity, but less throughput, such as disease modeling and long‐term exposure studies and ii) higher throughput applications, such as acute exposures or substance screenings are proposed. Due to their wide range of applications, adjustability, and printing capabilities, the ALG/GG/LAM based 3D neural models are of great potential for 3D neural modeling in the future.
Extracellular Vesicles as an Advanced Delivery Biomaterial for Precision Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Ruan Shaobo , Greenberg Zachary , Pan Xiaoshu , Zhuang Pei , Erwin Nina , He Mei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn recent years, cancer immunotherapy has been observed in numerous preclinical and clinical studies for showing benefits. However, due to the unpredictable outcomes and low response rates, novel targeting delivery approaches and modulators are needed for being effective to more broader patient populations and cancer types. Compared to synthetic biomaterials, extracellular vesicles (EVs) specifically open a new avenue for improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy by offering targeted and site‐specific immunity modulation. In this review, the molecular understanding of EV cargos and surface receptors, which underpin cell targeting specificity and precisely modulating immunogenicity, are discussed. Unique properties of EVs are reviewed in terms of their surface markers, intravesicular contents, intrinsic immunity modulatory functions, and pharmacodynamic behavior in vivo with tumor tissue models, highlighting key indications of improved precision cancer immunotherapy. Novel molecular engineered strategies for reprogramming and directing cancer immunotherapeutics, and their unique challenges are also discussed to illuminate EV's future potential as a cancer immunotherapeutic biomaterial.
Weaving Enzymes with Polymeric Shells for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Li Meng , Blum Nicholas Thomas , Wu Jiayingzi , Lin Jing , Huang Peng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEnzyme therapeutics have received increasing attention due to their high biological specificity, outstanding catalytic efficiency, and impressive therapeutic outcomes. Protecting and delivering enzymes into target cells while retaining enzyme catalytic efficiency is a big challenge. Wrapping of enzymes with rational designed polymer shells, rather than trapping them into large nanoparticles such as liposomes, have been widely explored because they can protect the folded state of the enzyme and make post‐functionalization easier. In this review, the methods for wrapping up enzymes with protective polymer shells are mainly focused on. It is aimed to provide a toolbox for the rational design of polymeric enzymes by introducing methods for the preparation of polymeric enzymes including physical adsorption and chemical conjugation with specific examples of these conjugates/hybrid applications. Finally, a conclusion is drawn and key points are emphasized.
All Solid‐State Flexible Electrochromic‐Organic Light‐Emitting Diode Devices on Single‐Plastic Substrate for See‐Through Display Technologies
Authors: Cossari Pierluigi , Pugliese Marco , Gigli Giuseppe , Maiorano Vincenzo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe development of solid‐state electrochromics (EC) represents an emerging challenge towards effective integration with other optoelectronic units, such as the EC‐organic light‐emitting diode devices (EC‐OLEDs). By a simultaneous or independent control of optical contrast (EC function) and OLED emission upon electrical activation, these fascinating systems are capable of adaptively modulating solar radiation and display lighting. Here, we report a flexible ECOLED on a single‐plastic substrate demonstrating how the rational design of a highly efficient and durable solid‐state EC cell enables an increase of overall performances and the integration with OLED on larger area and flexible substrate. The resulting device shows high transparency and optical contrast (ΔT650nm = 60%), with lower operating voltages (0.5–3 V), faster coloring/bleaching switching times (5–10 s), and enhanced stability (1000 switching cycles) if compared to similar systems. The OLED unit reveals a luminance of 1000 cd m−2 (at 10 mA cm−2) and a current efficiency of about 10 cd A−1, making it suitable for both display and lighting applications. These results can represent a novelty in the field of next‐generation smart windows and transparent displays, including all technologies based on see‐through OLED displays, electronic devices for augmented reality, lighting panels and smart glasses.
Magnetically Driven Non‐Contact Transfer Printing Based on a Bi‐Stable Elastomeric Stamp
Authors: Li Chenglong , Luo Hongyu , Song Jizhou 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTransfer printing that enables the heterogeneous integration of a variety of materials in desired 2D or 3D layouts is essential for developing existing and envisioned systems such as flexible electronics, stretchable electronics, and micro LED displays. Here, a simple yet robust magnetically driven non‐contact transfer printing technique based on a bi‐stable elastomeric stamp is reported. This stamp features adhesive blocks, a magnetic‐response film with a buckled configuration and a cavity. The magnetic‐response film can be controlled with a rapid snap‐through under a magnetic field to switch interfacial adhesion from strong state for reliable pick‐up to weak state for easy printing, which allows the printing of inks onto arbitrary receivers. Experimental, numerical, and theoretical studies reveal the fundamental aspects of design and operation of the stamp to enable a highly efficient non‐contract transfer printing technique. Demonstrations of this concept in transfer printing of Si platelets, papers, pearl cottons, glass slides, and porous acrylic plates onto various challenging non‐adhesive receivers (e.g., cleanroom wiper, cloth, leather, glass, or paper) illustrate its robust capabilities in manipulation of objects with a wide range of materials and its great potential for deterministic assembly, thereby creating engineering opportunities in applications requiring the heterogeneous integration of diverse materials.
An Artificial Olfactory Memory System for Monitoring and Recording of Volatile Organic Compounds
Authors: Ban Chaoyi , Min Xinjie , Xu Jingxuan , Xiu Fei , Nie Yijie , Hu Yuefan , Zhang Heshan , Eginligil Mustafa , Liu Juqing , Zhang Wei , Huang Wei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn biology, the sensory memory system plays a critical role by providing awareness and guidance for human action/decision. Olfactory memory, which is based on odor detection by receptor cells within the nasal cavity and followed by rapid decision making in the brain, is one of the most important, but least studied, sensory memory systems. Mimicking the olfactory memory by developing recognition, learning, and memorization of gas sensing is a long‐sought aim in artificial intelligence. Herein, an artificial olfactory memory system is experimentally demonstrated by integrating gas sensors with resistive memory. The system shows prominent selectivity toward volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and can be electrically programmed. The memory device can be triggered to sense gas above a certain threshold of VOC concentration, providing a smell sensation retaining, and leading to recognition of the gas information. This smart olfactory memory system can be directly used in robotics and artificial intelligent systems for various applications, such as environmental pollution control, early‐warning chemical and bio hazard safety, and augmented smart industrial production.
Cover crop influence on soil water dynamics for a corn–soybean rotation
Authors: Rankoth Lalith M. , Udawatta Ranjith P. , Anderson Stephen H. , Gantzer Clark J. , Alagele Salah 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCrop production is reduced by insufficient and/or excess soil water, which can significantly decrease plant growth and development. Therefore, conservation management practices such as cover crops (CCs) are used to optimize soil water dynamics, since CCs can conserve soil water. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of CCs on soil water dynamics on a corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation at three soil depths over 3 yr. The study was conducted at the Chariton County Cover Crop Soil Health Research and Demonstration Farm (CCSH) in Missouri. Initial CC establishment occurred in 2012. Volumetric soil water content (VWC) was monitored at 15‐min intervals with calibrated Waterscout SM100 soil moisture sensors (Spectrum Technologies) at three depths (10, 20, and 30 cm) in 2016, 2017, and 2018. Cover crop soils maintained numerically higher VWC values compared with no CC (NCC) at both 10‐ and 20‐cm depths throughout the study period where the differences were significant in some weeks. The subsurface soil water recharge was greater in CC soils at both 10‐ and 20‐cm depths compared with NCC in March 2017. The results imply that CC soils have maintained higher VWC levels during vegetative period of the CC growth where the differences were significant in some weeks compared with NCC at all three soil depths. These findings can be used to promote CC adoption for better soil water storage and develop CC management plans for corn–soybean rotations on claypan soils.
Pollen dispensing schedules in buzz‐pollinated plants: experimental comparison of species with contrasting floral morphologies
Authors: Kemp Jurene E. , Vallejo‐Marín Mario 
Published: July 2021

PremisePlants can mitigate the fitness costs associated with pollen consumption by floral visitors by optimizing pollen release rates. In buzz‐pollinated plants, bees apply vibrations to remove pollen from anthers with small pores. These poricidal anthers potentially function as mechanism staggering pollen release, but this has rarely been tested across plant species differing in anther morphology.MethodsIn Solanum Section Androceras, three pairs of buzz‐pollinated species have undergone independent evolutionary shifts between large‐ and small‐flowers, which are accompanied by replicate changes in anther morphology. We used these shifts in anther morphology to characterize the association between anther morphology and pollen dispensing schedules. We applied simulated bee‐like vibrations to anthers to elicit pollen release, and compared pollen dispensing schedules across anther morphologies. We also investigated how vibration velocity affects pollen release.ResultsReplicate transitions in Solanum anther morphology are associated with consistent changes in pollen dispensing schedules. We found that small‐flowered taxa release their pollen at higher rates than their large‐flowered counterparts. Higher vibration velocities resulted in quicker pollen dispensing and more total pollen released. Finally, both the pollen dispensing rate and the amount of pollen released in the first vibration were negatively related to anther wall area, but we did not observe any association between pore size and pollen dispensing.ConclusionsOur results provide the first empirical demonstration that the pollen dispensing properties of poricidal anthers depend on both floral characteristics and bee vibration properties. Morphological modification of anthers could thus provide a mechanism to exploit different pollination environments.