bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Vibrotactile Working Memory for Frequency
Authors: Wang Chundi , Deng Hu , Dong Yu , Zhang Xuemin , Wang Da-hui 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A hallmark of working memory (WM) is its limited capacity. While visual and verbal domains of WM are able to store multiple items, the capacity of parametric vibrotactile WM (vtWM) has not yet been established for supra-threshold, one-dimensional sensory vibrotactile frequencies. The present study extends the standard delayed match-to-sample vibrotactile discrimination task to determine the capacity of the vtWM and its cognitive mechanism. Here, by presenting subjects with 2 to 6 vibratory frequencies sequentially in each trial, the present study demonstrates that it is possible to retain about only two vibrotactile frequencies information in vtWM. The results also showed that the capacity of vtWM does not depend on whether sequentially presented vibrotactile frequencies are delivered to the same or to different fingers. At the same time, the rate of correct report depends on sequence length and when in the sequence the stimuli are presented, suggesting the dynamic updating of vtWM similar to that of visual WM.
Molecular Distinction Among Mulberry (Morus Spp.) Species and Varieties Cultivated in DPR Korea
Authors: Ho Un-Hyang , Kye Jung Sam , Chae Song Im , Kim Jong Ho , Kim Myong Ho 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Mulberry (Morus spp.) is a cross-pollinating and highly hybridized plant of which productivity are greatly varied in different varieties. We analysed molecular distinction among four mulberry species and varieties cultivated in DPR Korea by using nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. ITS sequences didn’t represent a remarkable interspecific distinction among four mulberry species used in our study, suggesting that it could not be employed to identify them. ISSR analysis using 16 random primers generated 158 different markers ranging from 100 to 4000 bp in size. The results showed the inter-specific genetic variation (55.34%) was slightly higher than intra-specific genetic variation(44.66%), with comparatively low average number of migrants per generation (Nm) among populations (0.3886). Using ISSR primers selected in this study, in the future, the suitable breeding strategy might be established in raising of elite mulberry varieties on the basis of interspecific hybridization.
Lifecycle Cost Analysis of An Insulated Duct With An Air Gap
Authors: Kumar Dileep , Khan Muhammad Haris , Abro Muhammad Ali 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The insulation materials are used to reduce heat loss to/from the ducts with additional investment. This study aims to reduce this additional investment in the duct application by introducing an air gap between insulation and duct surface. It uses Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis to determine the economic benefits of the air gap considering four insulation materials for insulating the duct and natural gas as an energy source for chiller operation. The preliminary data regarding design and operating parameters were obtained from a renowned pharmaceutical company. The duct's annual energy loss was estimated for given operation hours in a year using the preliminary data and ambient conditions. The estimated energy loss through the duct is fed in LCC analysis to determine the impact of the air gap on optimum insulation thickness corresponding to the minimum LCC and payback period. The results show that the introduced air gap in an insulated duct lowers the optimum insulation thickness for the duct. As a result, the air gap maximizes the cost savings and minimizes the payback period. The expanded polystyrene is investigated as the most economical with maximum cost savings of USD 508.8-USD $766.8/m/year and a payback period of 1.15–1.17 years for the duct applications. Contrary, the air gap is determined the most effective in terms of cost and emission savings for the ducts insulated with rock wool. In conclusion, an air gap is an economical option for duct applications.
High-Flux, Porous and Homogeneous PVDF/ Cellulose Microfiltration Membranes
Authors: Malucelli Lucca , Ozeri Inbal , Matos Mailson , Magalhães Washington , Filho Marco Aurélio Carvalho , Eisen Moris 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Low hydrophilicity of membranes is probably the biggest concern in membrane filtration since it increases the costs for water treatment. Conversely, application of hydrophilic biopolymers (such as cellulose) is limited because of its complex and crystalline structure. Enabling the widely use of the most common biopolymer in nature is crucial to improve the performance of water treatment, especially in terms of membrane sustainability. Here, we study the effect of cellulose dissolution in the synthesis of homogeneous PVDF/cellulose membranes. Although only partial dissolution was achieved for studied samples, adding cellulose to the membranes greatly improved their water flux. Besides, the porous structure obtained after partial solvent removal indicates the WF (and consequently the pore size) may be tailored according to the membrane production method. Therefore, the homogeneous cellulose microfiltration membranes studied here may have potential for water treatment considering their high-water flux and low complexity to produce.
Internet of Dental Things (IoDT), Intraoral Wireless Sensors, and Teledentistry: A Novel Model for Prevention of Dental Caries
Authors: Salagare Smita , Prasad Ramjee 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Dental caries is a complex, multifactorial, transmissible biofilm-initiated oral disease, which results in loss of tooth structure. Oral microbial flora, pH of biofilm, consumption of carbohydrates, and oral hygiene are few of those major factors, which cause dental caries. However, it is possible to monitor those cariogenic factors with the help of new technology, and that will result in the prevention and early detection of dental caries. Internet of Dental Things (IoDT) is an advanced cloud-based digital technology, which could be successfully used in this area. Our goal is to generate such a technology-based model. This paper proposes a novel innovative model, which is based on Internet of Dental Things, intraoral wireless sensors and tele dentistry, which will achieve prevention and detection of dental caries in its initial stages.
Multivariate Statistics and Entropy Theory for Irrigation Water Quality and Entropy-Weighted Index Development in a Subtropical Urban River, Bangladesh
Authors: Siddique Md Abu Bakar , I Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul , Hossain Md Saddam , Khan Rahat , Akbor Md Ahedul , Hasanuzzaman Md , Sajid Md Wasiq Mamun , Mia Md Younus , Mallick Javed , Rahman MSafiur , Rahman Md Mostafizur , Bodrud-Doza Md 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Currently, a well-developed combination of irrigation water quality index (IWQIs) and entropy water quality index (EWQIs) for surface water appraisal in a polluted subtropical urban river is very scarce in the literature. To close this gap, we developed IWQIs by establishing statistics-based weights of variables recommended by FAO 29 standard value using the National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSFWQI) compared with the proposed EWQIs based on information entropy in the Dhaleshwari River, Bangladesh. Fifty surface water samples were collected from five sampling locations during the dry and wet seasons and analyzed for sixteen variables. Principal component analysis (PCA), factor analysis (FA), Moran’s spatial autocorrelation, and random forest (RF) model were employed in the datasets. Weights were allocated for preliminary variables to compute IWQI-1, 2 and EWQI-1, 2 respectively. The resultant IWQIs showed an analogous trend with EWQIs and revealed poor to good quality water, with IWQI-1 for the dry season and IWQI-2 for the wet season is further suggested. The entropy theory recognized that Mg, Cr, TDS, and Cl- for the dry season and Cd, Cr, Cl- and SO42- for the wet season are the major contaminants that affect irrigation water quality. The primary input variables were lessened to ultimately shortlisted ten variables, which revealed good performance in demonstrating water quality status since weights have come effectively from PCA than FA. The results of the RF model depict NO3-, Mg, and Cr as the most predominant variables influencing surface water quality. A significant dispersed pattern was detected for IWQImin-3 in the wet season (Moran’s I>0). Overall, both IWQIs and EWQIs will generate water quality control cost-effective, completely objective to establish a scientific basis of sustainable water management in the study basin.
Identification and Molecular Characterization of a Novel Non-typical Carlavirus Infecting Rose Plants (Rosa Chinensis Jacq.)
Authors: Xing Fei , Gao Dehang , Habili Nuredin , Wang Hongqing , Zhang Zhixiang , Cao Mengji , Li Shifang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In the present study, systematic screening of public transcriptomic data followed by a shotgun assembly from Rosa chinensis Jacq. revealed a sequence of 8,332 nucleotides (nt) representing a potential novel virus, tentatively named rose virus C (RVC). The incidence of RVC in rose plants under our survey was low (5.4%, 5 out of 92). The complete nucleotide sequence of RVC was determined by Sanger sequencing. The genomic RNA of RVC consists of 8,386 nt, excluding the 3′-poly(A) tail, and contains five definite open reading frames (ORFs). BlastN analysis revealed that RVC had 67.3-71.3% nt identity with the carlaviruses with the maximum coverage of 19%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that RVC clustered with the carlaviruses and had a nt sequence identity of 48.3-50.0% based on its full-length genome. Replication protein had 48.7-51.0% nt sequence identity with other carlaviruses while the coat protein showed 39.5-45.6% nt identity being much below the species demarcation criteria of 72%. These all indicate that RVC is a distinct carlavirus. Overall, our data suggest that RVC is a novel non-typical virus species of the genus Carlavirus.
New Insights on Folliculogenesis and Follicular Placentation in Marine Viviparous Fish Black Rockfish (Sebastes Schlegelii)
Authors: Xu Xiaojie , Liu Qinghua , Wang Xueying , Qi Xin , Zhou Li , Liu Haoming , Li Jun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: In viviparous fish, a considerable degree of variation in placental structures have been described. However, no distinct structures are reported in Scorpaenidae.Results: In this study, we demonstrate a new type of folliculogenesis and follicular placentation in Sebastes schlegelii. Before copulation, the germinal epithelium gradually surrounds the oocytes and develops to individually follicles with a stalk-like structure hanging on the ovigerous lamella, which ensures each follicle have access to spermatozoa after copulation. From stage V to early gestation, the cyp17-I highly expressed accompanied by cyp19a1a signals disappearance, and 11-ketotestosterone level keeps rising and peaks at blastula stage, while 17β-estradiol declines to the bottom. Meanwhile, the theca cells rapidly proliferate and invade outwards forming a highly hypertrophied and folded microvillous placenta. This unbalance of hormone might be an important factor driving the theca cells proliferation and invasion. Additionally, some conserved genes related to mammalian placentation are significantly high expression in follicular placenta suggesting the high convergence in vertebrate placenta evolution.Conclusions: This finding provided a new type of placentation pattern for viviparous teleost between the intrafollicular gestation and intraluminal gestation.
Effectiveness of Permeable Pavements and Vegetative Swales for Developing Sponge Cities
Authors: V ARUNA , R Suja , R Rajalakshmi C 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As communities grows, the area covered by rooftops and concreted surfaces increases. Rain water which would have infiltrated, flows across these impermeable surface carrying pollutants along the way. This causes frequent flash floods in urban areas. Effective storm water management is needed for the sustainable development of communities. In this study the runoff generation for a small catchment is quantified and the effectiveness of low impact development (LID) practices (permeable pavements (pp) & vegetative swales) in mitigating the runoff at the source itself is studied using Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). The most influential design storm and the soil type pertaining to the study area were the determining factors for evaluating the impact of LID’s. The steady flow model and Hortons’s infiltration parameters for the soil type in study area were adopted for the analysis. The permeable pavements and swales performed well in reducing the runoff but the swales were less efficient in reducing the runoff, and the runoff reduction potential of permeable pavements and swales are 4.48% and 2.05% respectively. Runoff reduction is more efficient in case of combination of permeable pavements and vegetative swales as LIDs. The percentage reduction in runoff is about 6.05% and the efficiency of the combination type LID is about 17%. The results from simulation show that the low impact development practices are efficient in mimicking the pre-development hydrologic conditions of the landscape to a great extent.
Construction of a Lymph Node Metastasis Nomogram Prediction Model Based on Dual-Energy CT Radiomics of Gastric Cancer Lesions
Authors: CUN Hong-li , DUAN Qian-ting , DING Ying-ying , Zhang Da-fu , YANG Ling , LI Hua-xiu , WANG Na , SHI Lei , Wang Guan-shun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the value of gastric cancer (GC) tumor markers and dual-energy CT（DECT） scans of arterial and venous GC lesions with quantitative iodine concentration (IC) and radiomics, to predict lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with GC. Methods This prospective study comprised of 177 patients that underwent dual-energy CT scans before surgery, and were subsequently diagnosed with GC by postoperative pathology. Serum tumor markers and arterial phases (AP) and venous phases (VP) of GC lesion iodine concentration (IC) and normalized iodine concentration (nIC) were analyzed. Patients were divided into either the LNM group or non-LNM group according to pathological results. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare the serum tumor markers, IC, and nIC of the 2 groups, and a ROC curve was drawn to evaluate their effectiveness in predicting LNM in patients with GC. After using the Siemens syngo.via Frontier Radiomics software to extract radiomics features , all patients were randomly divided into a train set and a test set with a 7:3 ratio to predict GC LNM. Results Among the 177 patients with GC, 83 were diagnosed with LNM, while 94 did not have LNM. The preoperative serum tumor markers CA125, CA199, and CEA were statistically significant for predicting the presence of LNM (P<0.05). In the transfer group, AP and VP IC were 2.63 mg/ml (2.3, 3.00) and 3.60 mg/ml (3.23, 4.03) respectively, with corresponding areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.83 and 0.91. The nIC was 0.18 mg/ml (0.15, 0.21) and 0.78 mg/ml (0.65, 0.86); the AUC curve was 0.79 and 0.87. Both the IC and nIC were higher in the patients with LNM than those without LNM (P<0.05). Establishing a random forest (RF) model based on the radiomics extracted from the GC lesions had a high diagnostic value in predicting whether the lymph nodes in patients with GC were metastatic. The RF model AUC value was 0.959 for the train set and 0.977 for the test set. The AUC value of the nomogram predicting LNM was 0.996 for the train set and 0.976 for the test set. Conclusion Models based on preoperative serum tumor markers (CA125, CA199, and CEA) in patients with GC, quantitative dual-energy CT parameter values of the lesions (AP and VP IC, nIC), and radiomics have a higher diagnosis of LNM. The value of nomogram in combination with multi-parameter analysis is higher diagnosis of LNM, which can provide a reliable basis for preoperative evaluation of LNM.
The Optimization Parameters of Activated Biochar Derived From Pine Pyrolysis: Application in Methylene Blue Adsorption
Authors: Liu Shasha , Shen Chen , Wang Yuhui , Huang Yong , Hu Xun , Li Bin , Karnowo Karnowo , Zhou Jianbin , Zhang Shu , Zhang Hong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
To understand the interaction mechanism between adsorbent and adsorbate, activated biochar, prepared from pine sawdust using CO2 and H2O as activator, was employed to adsorb methylene blue in printing and dyeing pollutants. The pore structure, carbon structure of the aromatic ring system, and functional groups were investigated though SEM, nitrogen adsorption/desorption device (BET), Raman, and XPS characterization, and the adsorption kinetics and possible adsorption mechanism were also studied. The results showed that the activated biochar prepared by CO2 activation had more specific surface area, pore structure, and surface oxygen-containing functional groups than that prepared by H2O, which was more conductive to improving its adsorption capacity. The electrostatic interaction between the surface oxygen-containing functional groups in the adsorbents and the π-π interaction formed in the aromatic rings enhanced the adsorption capacity of activated biochar to methylene blue. The adsorption process of methylene blue by activated biochar was spontaneous, and it conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic characteristics and Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation. It was a monolayer adsorption and the maximum adsorption capacity was about 160 mg/g. Activated biochar as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment has promising application and development prospects.
Improving The Sensitivity Of The Plasmon Based Sensor By Asymmetric Nanoarray
Authors: Bouali Aymen , Dridi Montacer , Colas Florent , Compère Chantal 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this work we investigate the effect of the symmetry in a 2-D arrays of gold nanoparticle on the sensitivity to the refractive index change. We demonstrate a generalized result that an asymmetric periodic arrangement of metallic nanoparticle leads to a higher sensitivity than a regular square of nanoparticle. Further decreasing the symmetry of the system by using asymmetric nanoparticle (nanorods, triangle) rather than symmetric nanoparticle (nanocylinder) will further improve this sensitivity. Finally, we suggest that such asymmetric nanostructure could operate as a SERS and LSPR plasmon based sensor by changing the polarization of the incident light.
Backward-ion acceleration in critical density plasmas
Authors: Habara Hideaki , Iwawaki Tomoyuki , Nakagutchi Shinnosuke , Uematsu Yuto , Aizawa Kiyoshi , Enmei Yuya , Baton Sophie , Rousseaux Christopher , Chen Sophia , Fuches Julien , Nazarov Wigen , MacDonald Michael , Kodama Ryosuke , Tanaka Kazuo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Laser-accelerated ions are widely attractive for many fields as a compact and low-cost accelerator. For the application to medical treatment, it is necessary to not only enhance the maximum acceleration energy but also improve beam stability and quality. In this study, we demonstrate a new ion acceleration mechanism using a uniform critical density plasma that yields very high ion energy despite the existence of a laser prepulse. The maximum proton energy in the experiment was approximately 18 MeV accelerated by the laser pulse of 3 x 1019 W/cm2 focused intensity under the conditions of the maximum prepulse contrast ratio of 10-3. Further, heavier particles such as carbon or oxygen present in the plasma were accelerated using the same acceleration field. In addition, a self-created magnetic field in the plasma significantly improved emission divergence.
Facial Nerve Outcome and Results in Hypervascular Large Vestibular Schwannomas: Our Personal Experience in A Series of 32 Cases.
Authors: Mastronardi Luciano , Campione Alberto , Boccacci Fabio , Scavo Carlo Giacobbo , Carpineta Ettore , Cacciotti Guglielmo , Roperto Raffaelino , Sufianov Albert , Liu James K. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundVestibular schwannomas (VS) are usually hypovascularized. Large VS with unusual vascular architecture are defined hyper-vascular (HVVS); excessive bleeding during microsurgery has negative impact on results. Methods Thirty-two consecutive patients were operated on for HVVS (Group-A). Results were compared with those of 25 patients (Group-B) operated on for large low-bleeding VS. Tendency to bleed and adherence of capsule to nervous structures were evaluated by reviewing video records. Cisternal facial nerve (FN) position was reported. Microsurgical removal was classified as total, near-total, subtotal or partial and MIB-1 index evaluated in all. FN results were classified according the House-Brackmann scale.Results Mean tumor diameter was 3,99cm in Group-A and 3,67 in Group-B; mean age was 42,3 and 58,1 years, respectively. Mean ASA class of Group-A was 1,72 versus 2,48 of Group-B (p<0,001). Total-NT resection was accomplished in 71,9% of HVVS versus 80,0% of Group-B. Tight capsule adhesion was observed in 68,7% HVVS versus 56,0% low-bleeding ones. Mean MIB-1 was 1,25% and 1,08%, respectively.Anterior-superior position of FN was observed in 48,6% of HVVS versus 32,0% of low-bleeding tumors (p<0,05). FN anatomical preservation was possible in 81,2% of Group-A versus 100% of Group-B (p<0,05); 62,5% of HVVS had HBI-II FN outcome versus 96,0% of low-bleeding (p<0,01). In Group-A 25,0% experienced postoperative complications versus 8,0% of Group-B (p<0,05). Recurrence/re-growth was observed in 7 HVVS versus 1 low-bleeding (p<0,05).Conclusions Microsurgery of large HVVS was associated with higher complication and recurrence/re-growth rate and poorer FN outcome, especially in cases with tight capsule adhesion.
NETs Enhance STING To Promote Surgical Adhesion
Authors: Hu Qiongyu , Shen Xiaofei , Wang Meng , Lu Xiaofeng , Liu Song , Guan Wenxian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Postoperative adhesion (PA) following abdominal surgery may cause bowel obstruction, chronic pain, infertility, or even death. Knowledge of adhesion biology is limited, and preventive agents in clinical trials have failed to achieve efficacy.
Results

In the present study, we showed that neutrophils accumulate in the injured peritoneum at early stage of PA, and neutrophils within the ischemic buttons undergo cell death and form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that contribute to PA. Neutrophil depletion reduces adhesion burden at 7 days after adhesion induction. Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), an essential enzyme for NET formation, is increased in ischemic buttons. Degradation of NETs by DNase 1 and suppression of NET formation by pharmacologic inhibition of PAD4 alleviated adhesion burden, collogen deposition and fibrosis formation. Mechanistically, administration of DNase I and PAD inhibitor reduces STING-mediated inflammatory response. STING deficiency attenuates adhesion burden, collogen deposition, and α-SMA production in the adhesive tissues at 7 days after surgery.
Conclusions

Collectively, our findings reveal NETs/STING signaling as a therapeutic target to prevent PA.