bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The development and validation of the health belief model questionnaire for measuring factors affecting adherence in the elderly with hypertension
Authors: Fithri Rodhiyatul , Athiyah Umi , Zairina Elida 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to validate the questionnaire on the health belief model questionnaire to assess health beliefs that could influence adherence to hypertension in the elderly.

Methods
The questionnaire was based on a study of the literature and discussion with experts. The questionnaire was then circulated via social media. Participants who met the following criteria were asked to participate in the study: (1) aged 60–79 years of age, (2) had antihypertensive medications in the last three months, and (3) had a mobile phone with an active number. The questionnaire consists of six domains: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived threat, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and perceived self efficacy. The findings were grouped by domain and tested for reliability and validity using SPSS ver.24.

Results
Thirty participants completed the questionnaire. Each domain was tested for its reliability and validity at a value of 0.05. The result shows that each domain had a Cronbach’s alpha value greater than 0.7, with a total score of 0.89 indicating that all domains in the questionnaire were reliable. Furthermore, of the 49 items in the questionnaire, only two items were invalid while the rest of the items demonstrated their validity based on the Pearson Correlation (>r table 0.361; p<0.05).

Conclusions
This self administered health belief model questionnaire was a valid and reliable instrument to assess health beliefs in elderly with hypertension.
Providing counseling through home pharmacy care (HPC) for hemodialysis patients with hypertension in lowering blood pressure
Authors: Daud Rahmiyati , Zulkarnain Bambang Subakti , Amu Ivan Virnanda 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Hypertension is one of the main factors in increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease with 51% reported cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It is a comorbid that needs to be managed properly and gets special attention from various health disciplines including a pharmacist.

Methods
This was a quasi experimental study with pretest–posttest intervention using home pharmacy care (HPC) counseling both on the counseling and the noncounseling group. Initial data collection and informed consent was done at the Hemodialysis Unit Aloei Saboe and Toto Kabila Hospital, Gorontalo. The parameters in the study were patients’ compliance to their medication using the Medication Adherence Questionnaire (MAQ) and Pill Count Adherence (PCA) questionnaires and the patient’s blood pressure.

Results
Fifty-eight patients met the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups (the counseling group and the noncounseling group). Based on MAQ and PCA, the level of patient medication adherence increased significantly in the counseling group compared to the noncounseling group with a significance value of p<0.05. Increasing adherence was correlated with patients’ outcome of lowering blood pressure. More patients in the counseling group showed decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to the noncounseling group (86.2 vs. 17.2% for systolic BP and 69 vs. 10.3% for diastolic blood pressure (BP). Following adjusted confounding variables, counseling through HPC provided a chance of decreasing systolic blood pressure 32 times (95% CI: 7.198–144.550) and diastolic blood pressure 42 times (95% CI: 6.204–286.677).

Conclusions
HPC affects the improvement of patient medication adherence and reduction of blood pressure in hemodialysis patients with hypertension.
Gender differences in the blood glucose type 2 diabetes patients with combination rapid and long acting insulin therapy
Authors: Ratri Dinda M. N. , Puspitasari Arina D. , Nugroho Cahyo W. , Suprapti Budi , Suharjono  , Alderman Christoper P. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Previous research suggests that there may be intergender differences in the profile of glycemic control achievable during the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This preliminary study was conducted to determine differences in glycemic outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients amongst men and women in an Indonesian hospital.

Methods
The study was conducted at the outpatient internal medicine polyclinic of Universitas Airlangga Teaching Hospital Surabaya. This observational prospective cohort study examining outcomes for 64 patients (32 men and 32 women) treated with insulin therapy. The primary outcome measure was the extent to which subjects achieved concordance with the target blood glucose parameters based on the American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidance.

Results
After 3 months of combination basal-bolus insulin treatment, the proportion of subjects who had fasting blood glucose values in the target range did not increase for either gender. For women, there was a significantly higher proportion of subjects who achieved a postprandial glucose value within the target range (p=0.04)

Conclusions
In this study, patients achieved postprandial glycemic outcomes for women but not men. More research is required to elucidate the possible intergender difference in results for subjects treated with basal-bolus insulin for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Effect of hydrocortisone on hypocorticolism caused by pituitary adenoma
Authors: Qonita Niswah N. , Hidayati Hanik B. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Pituitary adenoma is a tumor that can cause hormonal secretion problems, including hypocortisolism. Hypocortisolism may result in negative impacts such as an increase in proinflammatory cytokine and immune system activation. Hypocortisolism therapy is performed by giving high-dose hydrocortisone. This case report presented a hypocortisolism therapy using hydrocortisone in a patient with pituitary adenoma.

Case presentation
A 17-year-old boy was admitted to a hospital due to right-eye vision loss, headache, and swallowing difficulty. During the treatment at the hospital, the patient had light depression. The brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanning with contrast showed there was a supratentorial axial lesion enlarged from the intrasellar to the suprasellar. The anamnesis and physical examination, as well as laboratory and supporting examinations, showed that the patient was diagnosed to suffer from pituitary macroadenoma. The laboratory examination showed that the size of hypocortisolism was at <0.5 μg/dL (reference value ranges from 4.30–22.40 μg/dL). The patient was treated with hydrocortisone IV therapy at 100 mg/dose administered in the morning and evening for 4 days. Then, the dose tapering off of 100 mg/dose was administered in the morning for 4 days. After that, the patient received hydrocortisone of 20 mg/dose peroral administration in the morning and evening until the patient was discharged from the hospital. Tapering off was performed to prevent the side effects of high-dose hydrocortisone. Besides, the patient was alsounder the Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Hypophysectomy (EETH). The cortisol level in the pretreatment was at <0.5 and 5.3 μg/dL during the treatment. There were no side effects of the treatment when the patients were hospitalized.

Conclusions
The hydrocortisone IV therapy with 100 mg/do was administered in the morning and evening for 4 days, and then the dose tapering off of 100 mg/dose was done in the morning for 4 days. Then, the hydrocortisone therapy of 20 mg/dose peroral administration to the patient with pituitary macroadenoma in the morning and evening to improve the cortisol level. The cortisol level in the pretreatment was at 0.5 and 5.3 μg/dL in the post-treatment.
Analysis of matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels among acute heart failure patients with ACE inhibitor therapy (Dr. Soetomo Regional General Hospital, Surabaya)
Authors: Purbosari Ira , Zulkarnain Bambang Zubakti , Aminuddin Muh , Fatmawati Umi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Heart disease is a clinical condition characterized by specific signs such as joint inflammation, weakness, and shortness of breath. Left ventricular remodeling can be experienced by patients with heart failure wherein a change in myocyte and nonmyocyte components occurs. One of the biomarkers in heart disease with myocardial fibrosis is matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Common therapy that is often given to patients with heart failure is ACE inhibitors. This main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of ACE inhibitor therapy on the degrees of MMP-9 as a biomarker among patients with heart disease.

Methods
This research applied one group pretest–posttest design to analyze the variation in the levels of MMP-9 as a biomarker for heart function. Twenty-three subjects with acute heart disease met that inclusion also exclusion criteria, who were selected using nonrandom sampling. Statistical analysis was conducted to specify the levels of MMP-9 before, after the administration of therapy.

Results
The most widely used ACE inhibitor drug was ramipril for 15 patients (65%), and the least used ACE Inhibitor drug was captopril for two patients (9%). Meanwhile, the mean MMP-9 levels before therapy was (1,915.26 pg/mL ± 260.84), and the mean MMP-9 levels after therapy was (1,916.93 pg/mL ± 383.12). The statistical analysis result revealed no significant difference in the degrees of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 accumulation (p=0.378).

Conclusions
There was no significant reduction in the levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 after pretest and posttest.
Second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) as genetic marker for molecular characterization of Sarcoptes scabiei in rabbits from several areas of East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Lastuti Nunuk Dyah Retno , Rusdiana Nur , Hastutiek Poedji 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study is to use the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) to determine the molecular characteristics of Sarcoptes scabiei in rabbits from several areas of East Java.

Methods
Collecting S. scabiei mites from rabbits with clinical signs of scabies; DNA extraction with minikit QIAamp DNA; polymerase chain reaction amplification; nucleotide sequence analysis; homology and phylogenetic tree using the Neighbor-Joining method in the program molecular evolutionary genetics analysis-7 (MEGA-7).

Results
Sequence analysis of ITS-2 S. scabiei from five regions in East Java showed an identity >91.23% with isolates from China (KX695125.1). The phylogenetic analysis of ITS-2 S. scabiei from Mojokerto rabbits has a close relationship with AB82977.1; Surabaya and Nganjuk rabbits are closely related to KX695125.1; while Sidoarjo and Pasuruan rabbits are closely related to EF514469.2. and AB369384.1.

Conclusions
The homology analysis of all samples showed identity of more than 91.23% with isolate China (KX695125.1). The sequences of ITS-2 gen of S. scabiei from rabbits in several areas were relatively close to S. scabiei obtain various hosts from National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) data.
The role of hyperbaric oxygen to platelet aggregation in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)
Authors: Widiyanti Prihartini , Suryohudoyo Purnomo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus (DM) could cause rheological disorder, such as platelet aggregation and blood hyperviscosity. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) could decrease collagen as platelet aggregation agonist. This study aimed to explore the effect of HBO treatment to platelet aggregation parameters (latency time(LT), aggregation speed, aggregation index, and aggregation percentage) with the collagen aggregator in the noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).

Methods
The number of subjects in this study were 16 for each group normoxia normobaric (NONB) and HBO. NIDDM patients from DM polyclinic in Rumah Sakit Angkatan Laut (RSAL) Dr Ramelan Surabaya which was fulfilled inclusion criteria would receive HBO Therapy. Control Group/NONB were treated with NONB condition (20% O2 1 ATA) for 90 min and treatment group/HBO were treated with hyperoxia hyperbaric condition (100% O2 2.4 ATA) for 3 × 30 min with interval of 2 × 5 min for inhaling fresh air. Subject has been blood taken for platelet aggregation test before and after HBO Therapy. The length of treatment was 5 days for both condition (NONB and HBO).

Results
The data from both groups, NONB and HBO were tested first by normality test, homogenity test, correlation test, analysis of covariance, and paired t-test. Based on paired t-test, the decrease on platelet aggregation speed, aggregation index, and aggregation percentage after HBO treatment was showed significant difference on the LT and aggregation index while in aggregation speed and aggregation percentage was not significant. NONB group after 5 days was showed a significant difference on the aggregation speed and aggregation index while in LT and aggregation percentage was not significant.

Conclusions
The utilization of HBO 2.4 ATA 100% O2 3 × 30 min, once a day, for 5 days could decrease the platelet aggregation parameters (LT, aggregation speed, aggregation index, and aggregation percentage) in patients with NIDDM.
Assessment of patient understanding of their conventional cardiac medicines and herbal prepared/derived products: preliminary survey and interviews with selected community-dwelling elderly patients in the Philippines
Authors: Jazul Jay P. , Arciga Trisha Michaela G. , Ante Mary Angelie C. , Berlin Danavin Gwyneth B. , Ravana Loise Francoise L. , Reyes Samantha A. , Singh Jashanjit 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to identify the patterns of medication load, its medication burden, coordination of healthcare and patient’s understanding of their conventional cardiac medications and related herbal-derived preparations.

Methods
The study is a mixed-method both, quantitative and qualitative approach, which involved Filipino elderly patients (n=69) enrolled in the outpatient service of the National Center for Geriatric Health, Manila. Data were gathered through face-to-face surveys and interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used during data analysis. Thematic analysis was also used to emphasize patterns in the responses of the participants.

Results
Respondents were knowledgeable on the name (86.9%), visual characteristics (78.3%), and indication and administration of their medicine (88.4%). The frequency of their doctor’s information on the possible side effects of the medicines was noted. The almost negligible difference in the proportions of those who asserted during the information dissemination on the medication side effect by their doctors was observed (<10.5%). Association on the age and awareness of any interaction on the drugs they are taking (p=0.032) and an association between the gender and awareness of the doctor/pharmacists about other drugs the patient is taking (p=0.033) were observed. During thematic analysis, elderly respondents were keen on the physician’s advice than that of the pharmacist. This is due to the limited knowledge of elderly patients on the role of pharmacists to conduct medication counseling.

Conclusions
The majority of the elderly patients recognized the purpose and extent of medication. It was noted that pharmacists play a limited role in understanding selected Filipino elderly patients on their medication. Lack of communication between the patient and the pharmacist was noted as preliminary findings in the study. Respondents were not yet informed of the responsibility of the pharmacist to provide information regarding their medication. Integration of pharmacists’ care for geriatric health must be strengthened and highly recommended. Supervision by the healthcare professionals, particularly by the pharmacists, must be fully established.
Challenges in the provision of natural medicines by community pharmacists in East Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Puspitasari Hanni P. , Fatmaningrum Dhita , Zahro Sa’adatus , Salsabila Shofi , Rizqulloh Zulfia A. , Yuda Ana , Mufarrihah  , Sukorini Anila I. , Purwitasari Neny 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Community pharmacist has been widely known as a health professional who can be easily accessed to provide medicines and reliable medicine information. However, this was not always in the case of dispensing natural medicines. Several international studies revealed that community pharmacists were less likely to deliver natural medicines accompanied with detailed information. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate factors influencing Indonesian community pharmacists in the supply of, delivery of, and provision of information about natural medicines.

Methods
A qualitative study with purposively selected community pharmacists in four areas (district or municipality) in East Java Province was designed. In-depth, semi-structured interviewed were conducted using a Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviour approach. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed ad verbatim, and thematically analysed.

Results
Data saturation was reached after interviewing 14 community pharmacists. All informants reported dispensing non-prescribed natural medicines. Nine had experienced dispensing prescribed natural medicines, mainly fulfilling paediatricians’ requests. The most common information given was about product usage, while information about safety (i.e. side effects, interaction) was rarely provided. Although numerous registered natural medicines have been available, informants had low motivation to supply a variety of types, primarily because little opportunity to receive requests from doctors and the community. Limited capability due to a lack reliable source of information about natural medicines was another reason.

Conclusions
Poor motivation to supply natural medicines was because community pharmacists had little opportunity for such requests and limited capability due to scarcity of information. This indicated support from natural medicine manufacturers, researchers, and the government is highly required.
Translation and cross-cultural adaption of an instrument measuring patient’s well-being under treatment for schizophrenia
Authors: Julaeha Julaeha , Athiyah Umi , Maramis Margarita Maria , Sugianto Agus , Hermansyah Andi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The Subjective Well-Being under Neuroleptic (SWN) Scale is a self-rating scale measuring the well-being of patients with schizophrenia under antipsychotic drug treatment. The instrument has been globally used, with issues regarding the well-being assessment scale across different cultures, patient characteristics, and country-setting remains a controversy. This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the SWN scale into the Indonesian version (Indonesian Modified SWN or IM-SWN) and evaluate its validity and reliability.

Methods
The SWN instrument was translated and culturally adapted following internationally accepted procedures, including forward translation, expert panel review, backward-translation, pretesting and cognitive interviewing, and psychometric analysis for the final version of the scale. The translated instrument was tested on 108 schizophrenia patients. The instrument’s validity and reliability were assessed using Pearson’s correlation and Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. Additional analysis for the socio-demographic and psychometric properties of the patient was also conducted.

Results
The range of IM-SWN total score between 30 and 112. IM-SWN was found to have a high-reliability coefficient (0.897), and the internal consistency values of each question item ranged between 0.885 and 0.910. The results also showed a high correlation between five order factors (Physical functioning, mental functioning, self-control, emotional regulation, and social integration), with a total score of between 0.768 and 0.885.

Conclusions
This study highlighted that the IM-SWN is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring well-being among the Indonesian population with schizophrenia.
The maximum dose and duration in the therapy single use methotrexate to achieve remission by rheumatoid arthritis patients through disease activity score 28 (DAS28)
Authors: Achmad Anisyah , Rahmayanti Tika Yasmin , Putra Suryana Bagus Putu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
One of the treatments for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was methotrexate which a disease modifying antirheumatic drug therapy. The use of methotrexate required the right dose and length of therapy to achieve remission. The effectivity of methotrexate could be accounted by disease activity score 28 (DAS28) as a tool has been used clinically with a combination number of tender joints, swollen joints, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and global clinical assessment by the patient. The aim of this study was to determine the effective dose and length of therapy methotrexate was measured by DAS28 score.

Methods
This research was a cross-sectional study and data was collected from patient medical records in Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang, from February to July 2018. The research has been given ethical clearance. The inclusion criteria for the 88 subjects were men and women, over 20 years of age, usage of only methotrexate for at least three months, an erythrocyte sedimentation rate score, uncomplicated inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, and systemic lupus erythematosus. All data obtained was entered in formula DAS28. The Statistic analysis used both Pearson and Spearman’s rank correlation.

Results
Only 16 patients achieved remission. There were not significant correlation in statistical analysis between DAS score and cumulative dose (r=−0.091; p=0.400), average dose (r=0.043; p = 0.692), maximum dose (r=0.074; p=0.492), and length of therapy (r=−0.075; p = 0.489). The initial dose of therapy methotrexate was different and the length of therapy was adjusted to the patient’s health condition.

Conclusions
The maximum dose and length of therapy methotrexate was required to achieve remission in RA.
L3 morphosyntactic processing among Polish–English bilinguals: Considering learners’ level of bilingualism and language dominance
Authors: Marciszewska Agnieszka A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Investigating language practices of bilingual children and understanding how they process a novel L3 allow to contribute to epistemological debates on bilingualism. In the present study, Polish–English bilingual children were tested on their processing of subject-first (SVO) and object-first (OVS) sentences in Polish and German. The data collected in this exploratory study were analysed in light of learners’ different levels of bilingualism and language dominance. The results consistently indicate that higher proficiency in Polish as well as ability to process the challenging OVS sentences supports learners in processing L3 German as well. The findings provide useful insights on morphosyntactic processing abilities among both migrant and bilingual 2L1 children and shine light on their needs, which could further be used to inform educational policy in the UK.
Hemicyanine dyes
Authors: Mustroph Heinz 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Hemicyanine dyes are a subclass of polymethine colorants. At one end of their polymethine chain is an unsaturated heterocyclic ring possessing a nitrogen atom as would be found in a cyanine dye. However, the other end is terminated by a nitrogen atom that does not form part of an unsaturated heterocycle. The name alludes to their half-cyanine substitution pattern. Later the scope of the term “hemicyanine” was extended to the phenylogous dyes where there is a phenyl group between the two terminal nitrogen atoms. The first main technical application of hemicyanine dyes was in textile coloration. Nowadays hemicyanine dyes are used extensively as optical probes of cell membrane potential.