bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short‐term functional changes after hospital discharge by COVID‐19 through teleconsultation at a reference service in Northeast Brazil: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Barros‐Leite Bárbara R.A.F , Lima Marcela Raquel de Oliveira , Caminha Marina , Santos Kaliandra , Cunha Cristiano Berardo Carneiro da , de Andrade Lívia Barboza 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCoronavirus infection disease 2019 (COVID‐19) was associated with a physical‐functional and emotional decline in patients with COVID‐19 hospital internment. Objective: Evaluate the main functional changes after hospital discharge after COVID‐19 by teleconsultation. A cross‐sectional study was carried out between April and July 2020, the peak period of new cases, hospital admission, and deaths by COVID‐19, in Recife‐Brazil. We included patients (n = 89) over 18 years with positive COVID‐19 RT‐PCR tests and hospitalized for more than 7 days. Functional aspects such as muscle pain, shortness of breath, cough, weight loss >5 kg, weakness/fatigue, daily living activities, balance, walking, lying down, sensitivity, anxiety/sadness, altered memory, or understanding were assessed. Besides this, the impact of hospital admission on daily activities and the quality of information obtained by teleconsultation were quantified. The mean age was 63.5 years (±14), and in the hospital, the mean internment was 18 days (±16). The main findings of this study showed four predominant functional alterations: weight loss greater than 5 kg (60.7%), muscle fatigue/weakness (53.9%), muscle/joint pain (43.8%), and anxiety/sadness (46.1%). Of the functions analyzed, 59.6% of patients reported dysfunctions in at least three of the alterations evaluated. There were several short‐term physical‐functional and emotional changes in adults after hospital discharge.
Is the course of COVID‐19 associated with tuberculin skin test diameter? A retrospective study
Authors: Arslan Gulen Tugba , Bayraktar Muhammet , Yaksi Nese , Kayabas Uner 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is still not fully understood. As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐COV‐2) has a similar pathogenetic pathway to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it has been reported that there may be a relationship between Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination rate and COVID‐19 severity. This study investigated the relationship between tuberculin skin test (TST) induration diameter and the clinical course of COVID‐19. Of 1963 adult patients who underwent TST, 76 patients with SARS‐COV‐2 infection confirmed by RT‐PCR analysis of respiratory tract samples were included in the study. Relationships between COVID‐19 clinical severity and TST positivity, induration size, and other clinical parameters were analyzed. Of the 76 patients, TST results were negative for 53 patients (69.7%) and positive for 23 patients (30.3%). COVID‐19 severity was mild in 47 patients (61.8%), moderate in 22 patients (28.9%), and severe in seven patients (9.3%). All TST‐positive patients had mild disease. Patients with mild disease had a significantly higher TST positivity rate (p < 0.001) and larger induration diameter (p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of TST induration size for the differentiation of mild with moderate and severe disease was 0.768 (p < 0.001). The maximum Youden J index value was 0.522 at an induration diameter of 6.5 mm, which had a sensitivity of 66.0% and specificity of 86.2%. COVID‐19 patients with positive TST showed a significantly higher rate of mild disease than those with negative TST. TST positivity is favorably associated with the course of COVID‐19.
The COVID‐19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Scale (C19‐YRS): Application and psychometric analysis in a post‐COVID‐19 syndrome cohort
Authors: O'Connor Rory J. , Preston Nick , Parkin Amy , Makower Sophie , Ross Denise , Gee Jeremy , Halpin Stephen J. , Horton Mike , Sivan Manoj 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs our understanding of the nature and prevalence of post‐coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) syndrome (PCS) is increasing, a measure of the impact of COVID‐19 could provide valuable insights into patients' perceptions in clinical trials and epidemiological studies as well as routine clinical practice. To evaluate the clinical usefulness and psychometric properties of the COVID‐19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Scale (C19‐YRS) in patients with PCS, a prospective, observational study of 187 consecutive patients attending a post‐COVID‐19 rehabilitation clinic was conducted. The C19‐YRS was used to record patients' symptoms, functioning, and disability. A global health question was used to measure the overall impact of PCS on health. Classical psychometric methods (data quality, scaling assumptions, targeting, reliability, and validity) were used to assess the C19‐YRS. For the total group, missing data were low, scaling and targeting assumptions were satisfied, and internal consistency was high (Cronbach's α = 0.891). Relationships between the overall perception of health and patients' reports of symptoms, functioning, and disability demonstrated good concordance. This is the first study to examine the psychometric properties of an outcome measure in patients with PCS. In this sample of patients, the C19‐YRS was clinically useful and satisfied standard psychometric criteria, providing preliminary evidence of its suitability as a measure of PCS.
Breadstick fortification with red grape pomace: effect on nutritional, technological and sensory properties
Authors: Rainero Giada , Bianchi Federico , Rizzi Corrado , Cervini Mariasole , Giuberti Gianluca , Simonato Barbara 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDGrape pomace (GP), a wine‐making by‐product rich in dietary fiber (DF) and total phenolic compounds (TPC), is a potential functional ingredient in the fortification of baked goods.RESULTSIn the present study, fortified breadsticks samples were obtained by replacing wheat flour with 0, 5 and 10 g 100 g−1 of powdered GP (GPP). The GPP inclusion affected the rheological properties of the doughs by increasing the water absorption and tenacity (P) at the same time as reducing the extensibility (L), with a significant increase in the P/L value and a decrease in the swelling index (G) value and deformation energy (W). Textural characteristics of breadsticks were influenced by the GPP addition, showing a reduction in hardness and fracturability as the amount of GPP increased in the recipe. The GPP fortified breadsticks exhibited decreased pH, volume and specific volume values compared to the control. The TPC and the antioxidant capacity increased in GPP fortified breadsticks, whereas the increased amount of DF allowed the products to benefit from the claim ‘high fiber content’ at the highest level of GPP inclusion. The sensory evaluation revealed that GPP addition increased wine odor, acidity, bitterness, astringency and hardness, and decreased the regularity of alveolation and friability. Finally, the GPP fortified products achieved good sensorial acceptability.CONCLUSIONGPP improved the nutritional values of fortified breadsticks and changed the rheology of dough and breadsticks' technological properties without affecting sensory acceptability. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Exploration of the Wound Healing Potential of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Electrospun Membrane Incorporated with Phenolic Acids in Spenceria ramalana Trimen
Authors: Chen Chaoxi , Zhai Shuo , Li Congcong , Tan Min , Zhao Juebo , Wei Yucai , Dai Tao , Wang Lu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWound healing process is usually accompanied by infection and the wound dressing loaded with antibiotics is usually used to treat skin wound. However, the intensive use of antibiotics may lead to development of resistance and the antibiotic resistance has become a major global problem. Finding new wound dressing with sustained antibacterial property to overcome the problem of resistance is one of clinical challenge. In this work, phenolic acids in Spenceria ramalana Trimen and sliver nanoparticle incorporated thermoplastic polyurethane nanofibrous membrane (TPU/AgNPs/TPA) are fabricated via electrospinning. The TPU/AgNPs/TPA membrane exhibits excellent physicochemical properties with uniform morphology, good mechanical capacity, and appropriate hydrophilia providing suitable environment for wound healing. Moreover, the TPU/AgNPs/TPA membrane shows mild antioxidant property and exhibits continuous antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli especially against drug‐resistant E. coli. The antibacterial efficiency is as high as 99% lasting for 36 h. Furthermore, the TPU/AgNPs/TPA membrane used as wound dressing can accelerate wound healing through downregulating TNF‐α and IL‐1β and upregulating vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor. Therefore, the TPU/AgNPs/TPA membrane presented in this work with good antibacterial activity is an excellent wound dressing and has great potential in wound healing applications to overcome the problem of resistance.
Application of Temporary, Cell‐Containing Alginate Microcarriers to Facilitate the Fabrication of Spatially Defined Cell Pockets in 3D Collagen Hydrogels
Authors: Lehnert Sarah , Sikorski Pawel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMimicking the complexity of natural tissue is a major challenge in the field of tissue engineering. Here, a facile 2‐step fabrication method to prepare 3D constructs with distinct regions of high cell concentrations and without the need for elaborate equipment is proposed. The initial incorporation of cells in a sacrificial alginate matrix allows the addition of other, cell relevant biopolymers, such as, collagen to form a spatially confined, interpenetrating network at the microscale. A layered structure at the macroscale can be achieved by incorporating these cell‐containing microspheres in thin collagen layers. Cells are locally released by de‐gelling the alginate matrix and their attachment to the collagen hydrogel layers has been studied. The use of the murine pre‐osteoblast cell line MC3T3‐E1 as an example cell line shows that the cells behave differently in their cell migration pattern based on the initial composition of the alginate microspheres.
Endowing Conductive Polyetheretherketone/Graphene Nanocomposite with Bioactive and Antibacterial Coating through Electrophoresis
Authors: Du Meixuan , He Miaomiao , Zhu Ce , Liu Zheng , Jiang Yulin , Zhuang Yi , Li Yubao , Feng Ganjun , Liu Limin , Zhang Li 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPolyetheretherketone (PEEK) and its composites have been widely used in orthopedics and trauma. In this work, a bioactive calcium carbonate (CaCO3) coating incorporated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is coated on the conductive PEEK/graphene nanocomposite (P/G) through electrophoretic deposition (EPD) by pumping CO2 to provide tiny amount of CO32− groups for reacting with Ca2+, the obtained sample is named as Ca/Ag@P/G. The morphology, structure, and surface chemistry of the fabricated Ca/Ag@P/G are characterized by means of SEM‐EDS, XRD, XPS, as well as water contact angle testing, and the results confirm that the mixture coating composed of CaCO3 and AgNPs is less crystalline and more hydrophilic than the single CaCO3 coating on P/G (namely Ca@P/G). The Ca/Ag@P/G exhibits desirable antibacterial ability against both S. aureus and E. coli with the bactericidal rate of 99.9% and 96.7%, respectively, meanwhile it displays excellent biocompatibility with improved cell spread and proliferation. Moreover, the incorporation of graphene nanosheets endows Ca/Ag@P/G with great photothermal conversion effect, which is favorable to enhancing osteogenesis capability and synergistically killing/prohibiting bacteria/tumor cells. The multifunctional Ca/Ag@P/G composite has a promising prospect in the potential applications for infectious/tumorous bone repair applications.
Modeling the Kinetics and Microstructure of a Thermally Initiated Thiol‐Ene Polymerization
Authors: Wenzel Fabian , Hamzehlou Shaghayegh , Gonzalez de San Roman Estibaliz , Aguirre Miren , Leiza Jose R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA mathematical model of a thermally initiated thiol‐ene polymerization is developed and assessed with experimental data gathered in the polymerization of 2,2’‐(ethylenedioxy)diethanol (EDDT) as dithiol and diallyl adipate (DAA) as diene. The model considers the main mechanisms of addition (propagation) and chain transfer reactions by which the thiol‐ene polymerization proceeds, but also reaction mechanisms that yield to side products formed by reaction of initiator radicals with ene functional groups and by combination termination reactions. The model predicts in addition to kinetics and molar masses, the molar fractions of all the polymer species produced. Conversions of the ene functional groups are determined by in situ 1H‐NMR, absolute molar masses are determined by size exclusion chromatography with a multiangle light scattering detector (SEC/MALS) and molar fractions of copolymer species are measured by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF). The experimental data are used for estimating some of the rate coefficients of the kinetic scheme. The model predicts reasonably well the effects of the initiator concentration on the kinetics and underestimates the molar masses. On the other hand, the model predicts three of the five species experimentally detected by MALDI‐TOF.
Making exercise count: Considerations for the role of exercise in back pain treatment
Authors: Cashin Aidan G. , Booth John , McAuley James H. , Jones Matthew D. , Hübscher Markus , Traeger Adrian C. , Fried Kal , Moseley G. Lorimer 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionChronic low back pain (CLBP) is pain that has persisted for greater than three months. It is common and burdensome and represents a significant proportion of primary health presentations. For the majority of people with CLBP, a specific nociceptive contributor cannot be reliably identified, and the pain is categorised as ‘non‐specific’. Exercise therapy is recommended by international clinical guidelines as a first‐line treatment for non‐specific CLBP.AimThis comprehensive review aims to synthesise and appraise the current research to provide practical, evidence‐based guidance concerning exercise prescription for non‐specific CLBP. We discuss detailed initial assessment and being informed by patient preferences, values, expectations, competencies and goals.MethodsWe searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) using broad search terms from January 2000 to March 2021, to identify the most recent clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews and randomised controlled trials on exercise for CLBP.Results/DiscussionSystematic reviews show exercise is effective for small, short‐term reductions in pain and disability, when compared with placebo, usual care, or waiting list control, and serious adverse events are rare. A range of individualised or group‐based exercise modalities have been demonstrated as effective in reducing pain and disability. Despite this consensus, controversies and significant challenges remain.ConclusionTo promote recovery, sustainable outcomes and self‐management, exercise can be coupled with education strategies, as well as interventions that enhance adherence, motivation and patient self‐efficacy. Clinicians might benefit from intentionally considering their own knowledge and competencies, potential harms of exercise and costs to the patient. This comprehensive review provides evidence‐based practical guidance to health professionals who prescribe exercise for people with non‐specific CLBP.
Feeding intolerance score in critically ill patients with enteral nutrition: A post hoc analysis of a prospective study
Authors: Lin Jiajia , Liu Yang , Ke Lu , Li Gang , Lv Cheng , Zhou Jing , Ye Bo , Li Baiqiang , Yang Qi , Tong Zhihui , Li Weiqin , Li Jieshou , for the Chinese Critical Care Nutrition Trials Group (CCCNTG  
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundFeeding intolerance (FI) is common in critically ill patients fed with enteral nutrition. Although there is increasing evidence showing the association between FI and mortality, no reliable quantitative assessment was available in clinical practice. In this study, we proposed a FI scoring system based on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms to assist the implementation of enteral nutrition and assessed its association with 28‐day mortality.MethodsThis is a post hoc analysis based on data collected in a previous cross‐sectional study. All adult patients who were enterally fed were included. Various definitions of FI were compared. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) was used to assess the predictive performance for 28‐day mortality. Pearson correlation coefficient and the variance inflation factor were applied to detect collinearity among variables. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for 28‐day mortality.ResultsOf the 1098 patients included, 200 (18.2%) were nonsurvivors. The incidence of GI symptoms was higher in nonsurvivors on the study day. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the proposed FI score was an independent risk factor for 28‐day mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 1.37; 95% CI, 1.25–1.51; P < .001). Moreover, the FI score showed better predictive accuracy for 28‐day mortality than the other definitions (AUROC: 0.633 [95% CI, 0.591–0.675] for the FI score vs 0.595 (95% CI, 0.557–0.633] for the best‐performing FI definition [P = 0.001]).ConclusionsFI score is independently associated with 28‐day mortality in critically ill patients with acceptable predictive accuracy.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation modalities for psychiatric disorders: Publication trends from 1985 to 2019
Authors: Matsuda Yuki , Yamazaki Ryuichi , Shigeta Masahiro , Kito Shinsuke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that shows potential for treating psychiatric disorders. Although several studies have sought to investigate new TMS modalities for the treatment of various psychiatric disorders, no study has yet examined publication trends in research on TMS modalities for psychiatric disorders. This study investigated publication trends in TMS research for 13 psychiatric disorders, including addiction, dementia, major depressive disorder (MDD), and obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia, as well as 9 TMS modalities, including bilateral stimulation, deep TMS, high‐frequency stimulation, low‐frequency stimulation, and theta burst stimulation.MethodsArticles published in PubMed from 1985 to 2019 were searched to determine the number of published articles for each year in each category using the “Results by year” tool from the PubMed database.ResultsOver the past 30 years, an increasing number of articles were published regarding TMS research for the treatment of MDD, addiction, and dementia, which were among those most commonly investigated psychiatric disorders, whereas the number of articles addressing schizophrenia and OCD treated via TMS remained steady since 2015. Regarding TMS modalities, previous high‐frequency stimulation, low‐frequency stimulation, and bilateral stimulation were the most common topics, with research regarding deep TMS and theta burst stimulation having increased since 2000 and 2005, respectively.ConclusionTMS applications are rapidly developing and becoming increasingly ubiquitous in various psychiatric disorders. Determining publication trends in TMS research can be a useful method for monitoring TMS research interests and applications of new TMS modalities for psychiatric disorders.
Improvement of β‐cyclodextrin/cardanol inclusion complex for the thermal‐oxidative stability and environmental‐response antioxidation releasing property of polylactic acid
Authors: Yao Zhongyang , Cao Qiming , Li Chenyang , Gong Weiguang , Meng Xin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this article, a β‐cyclodextrin(CD)/cardanol (CA) inclusion complex (IC) was fabricated by co‐precipitation method, which was used to guarantee excellent thermal oxidative stability and environmental‐response antioxidation releasing property of PLA. The results showed that CA was successfully immobilized into β‐CD with a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1, and the immobilization inhibited the migrant of CA from PLA during storage, resulting in the enhancement of antioxidant life of CA in PLA. Thus, PLA stabilized by IC (PLA/IC) maintained higher oxidation onset temperature (OOT) and molecular weight after long‐term thermal oxidative aging. Moreover, CA releasing comparison from PLA/IC and PLA stabilized by CA (PLA/CA) in food stimulant suggested that PLA/IC released CA faster than PLA/CA when PLA contacted with food stimulants due to the solubilization of β‐CD for CA, which would induce the quicker antioxidation of CA in food. In a word, IC can make PLA with longer anti‐oxidative stability during storage and quicker environmental‐response antioxidation releasing property during usage, showing strong potential as an active food‐packaging materials.
Gelation and yielding behavior of polymer–nanoparticle hydrogels
Authors: Grosskopf Abigail K. , Saouaf Olivia A. , Lopez Hernandez Hector , Appel Eric A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPolymer–nanoparticle hydrogels are a unique class of self‐assembled, shear‐thinning, yield‐stress fluids that have demonstrated potential utility in many impactful applications. Here, we present a thorough analysis of the gelation and yielding behavior of these materials with respect to the polymer and nanoparticle component stoichiometry. Through comprehensive rheological and diffusion studies, we reveal insights into the structural dynamics of the polymer nanoparticle network that identify that stoichiometry plays a key role in gelation and yielding, ultimately enabling the development of hydrogel formulations with unique shear‐thinning and yield‐stress behaviors. Access to these materials opens new doors for interesting applications in a variety of fields including tissue engineering, drug delivery, and controlled solution viscosity.