bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic Confirmation of the Active Dwarf Nature of 2MASS J07363415+6538548
Authors: Dubovský Pavol A. , Merc Jaroslav , Gális Rudolf , Wolf Marek 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The star 2MASS J07363415+6538548 (hereafter 2M0736) was previously classified as a possible symbiotic binary, a cataclysmic variable, an H ii region, a massive star cluster, a supernova remnant, or a high-mass X-ray binary. In the previous research, while analyzing disputable symbiotic candidates in our New Online Database of Symbiotic Variables, we employed multi-frequency photometric observations, and reclassified the object as an active K-type dwarf. Here, we analyze the low-resolution spectroscopy of 2M0736 to confirm its photometric classification and validate that our methods are able to provide comparable results with the optical spectroscopy. The obtained spectrum confirmed that 2M0736 is a K6 dwarf. The presence and strength of the Hα emission line have verified that the object is very active.
Essential Hypertension Worsens Left Ventricular Contractility in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Mercurio Valentina , Hinze Alicia M. , Hummers Laura K. , Wigley Fredrick M. , Shah Ami A. , Mukherjee Monica 
Published: January 2021

ObjectivePrimary cardiac involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is prevalent and morbid; however, the influence of traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, such as essential hypertension (HTN), are unclear. In the present study, we sought to understand the effects of HTN on left ventricular (LV) contractility in patients with SSc using echocardiographic speckle-derived global longitudinal strain (GLS).MethodsFifty-six SSc patients with HTN (SSc+HTN+) and 82 SSc patients without HTN (SSc+ HTN–) were compared with 40 non-SSc controls with HTN (SSc–HTN+) and 40 non-SSc controls without HTN (SSc–HTN–), matched by age and sex. All HTN patients were on stable antihypertensive therapies. Echocardiographic measures included LV (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF), left atrial volume index (LAVI), and LV diastolic function. LV contractility was assessed by GLS, averaged across the 18 LV segments.ResultsPatients with SSc had diminished GLS regardless of HTN status when compared to both control groups, despite normal LVEF (P < 0.001). SSc+HTN+ had the highest prevalence of diastolic dysfunction, with significantly higher septal E/e´, a marker of LV filling pressures (P < 0.05), as well as the largest reduction in GLS compared to SSc+HTN– and both control groups.ConclusionSpeckle-derived strain revealed diminished LV contractility in patients with SSc, despite normal LVEF. SSc+HTN+ had more prominent reductions in GLS associated with evidence of LV remodeling and worsened diastolic function. Our findings demonstrate the presence of subclinical LV contractile dysfunction in SSc that is further exacerbated by concomitant HTN, thereby identifying HTN as an important modifiable CV risk factor that should be managed aggressively in this at-risk population.
Copper(II) ions mediated crystal formation of 3-(3-hydroxy phenyl)-1-phenyl-1h-pyrazole- 4-carbaldehyde
Authors: R. Banpurkar A. , S. Wazalwar S. , Perdih F. 
Published: January 2021

Schiff base obtained from 3-hydroxyacetophenone and phenylhydrazine was subjected to Vilsmeier-Haack reaction to obtain 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (2). Successful formation of crystals of 2 was achieved using copper ions (Cu2+) as template. Present paper reports study of spectroscopic characterization and single-crystal X-ray study of 2. Hydrogen bonding network between 2 and water molecules enable the formation of 2D layer along ab-plane supported also by π···π stacking interactions of parallel molecules in head-to-head fashion.

KEY WORDS: Cu2+ assisted crystal growth, Pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde, X-ray crystal study, Hydrogen bonding study

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 589-596.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.13
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING ON THE AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY IN VIETNAM
Authors: HÙNG TRẦN NGỌC 
Published: January 2021

Environmental management accounting (EMA), as part of environmental accounting, may assist managements to assess environmental impacts of organizations’ activities, particularly by providing environmental information for making decision. However, in Vietnam, the implementation of EMA is affected not only by pressure (coercive and/or normative) factors such as Government pollution standards, membership of VAMA etc but also by benefit and barriers when implementing EMA. This study found that in Vietnamese automobile enterprises, the possibility of EMA implementation was driven by some elements such as a motivation to reduce product costs, reactions to environmental issues, compliance to legislation, procedures and processes in the working environment which they are in business.
Forensic Engineering Analysis Of loading Dock Traffic Patterns
Authors: Armstrong Jeffrey D. , Daniel J. Melcher 
Published: January 2021

An Efficient Transportation System Includes The Safe And Efficient Movement Of Goods For Distribution to Consumers. Trucking Transport Is A Major Component Of The Transportation System Which Delivers goods To Consumers. The Flexibility Of Door-To-Door Deliveries That Is Not Available Through Other Modes of Transportation Such As Rail Or Ship, Makes Trucking Transport The Final Critical Segment Of The Goods transport Process. Distribution And Terminal Facilities For Truck Transport Are Generally Designed To Allow trucks To Back Into Loading Dock Areas. In Addition To Providing Proper Dock Heights And Bay Widths, The infrastructure Of These Facilities Must Provide Adequate And Proper Traffic Circulation Patterns Which In turn Allow For Safe And Proper Backing Of Trucks To The Loading Docks. This Paper Will Detail The Analysis of Two Facilities Where Road Widening Projects Created A Disruptive Change In The Traffic Circulation Pattern, which In One Case Required The Reconstruction Of The Site To Accommodate Trucking Deliveries, And in The Other Required The Change In Use Of The Property To One That No Longer Relied On Trucking Deliveries.
Numerical study of the effects of initial conditions and emissions on PM2.5 concentration simulations with CAMx v6.1: a Xi'an case study
Authors: Xiao Han , Wu Qizhong , Yang Xiaochun , Wang Lanning , Cheng Huaqiong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. A series of model sensitivity experiments was designed to explore
the effects of different initial conditions and emissions in Xi'an in December 2016; Xi'an is a major city in the Fenwei Plain, which is a key area with respect to air
pollution control in China. Three methods were applied for the initial
condition tests: a clean initial simulation, a restart simulation, and a
continuous simulation. In the clean initial simulation test, the C00, C06, C12, C18, and C24 sensitivity
experiments were conducted to explore the effect of the
intercepted time periods used. The results of these experiments showed that the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) model
performance was better when the start time of the intercepted
time periods was delayed. For experiments C00 to C24, the absolute mean bias (MB)
decreased from 51.07 to 3.72 µg m−3, and the
index of agreement (IOA) increased from 0.49 to 0.86, which illustrates that
the model performance of C24 is much better than that of C00. The R1120 and R1124 sensitivity
experiments were used to explore the restart simulation and, in turn, the effect of the date of the first day of the model simulation. While the start
times of the simulations were different, the
simulation results with different start times were nearly consistent after a spin-up time period, and the
results revealed that the spin-up time was approximately 27 h. For the
continuous simulation test, the CT12 and CT24 sensitivity
experiments were conducted. The start times of
the intercepted time periods for CT12 and R1120 were the same, and the
simulation results were almost identical. Based on the simulation results, CT24
showed the best performance of all of the sensitivity experiments, with the correlation
coefficient (R), MB, and IOA reaching 0.81, 6.29 µg m−3, and
0.90 respectively. For the emission tests, an updated local emission
inventory with construction fugitive dust emissions was added and was compared
with the simulation results from the original emission inventory. The
simulation with the updated local emissions showed much better performance
for PM2.5 modelling. Therefore, combining the CT24 method and the
updated local emission inventory can satisfactorily improve the PM2.5
model performance in Xi'an: the absolute MB decreased from 35.16 to 6.29 µg m−3, and the IOA reached 0.90.
Dimensiones de Resiliencia en los desplazamientos internos en la ciudad de Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
Authors: Sotelo Leyva José Francisco 
Published: January 2021

En las últimas décadas diversas ciudades de la República Mexicana han servido como receptoras de desplazamiento interno debido a contextos de violencia, conflicto y desastres de origen natural y humano, desgraciadamente la respuesta del estado ante el desplazamiento ha sido ineficaz y lento.
Esta investigación surge de la necesidad de establecer estrategias y políticas a nivel local sobre la atención y recepción adecuada a poblaciones desplazadas por violencia o desastres, critica la manera en la cual se ha desarrollado el actuar del Estado Mexicano en la ciudad de Chilpancingo, Guerrero con respecto a la atención al desplazado en el momento de solicitar refugio, y finalmente propone cinco dimensiones sistémicas que servirán para aumentar por un lado la resiliencia de la ciudad como refugio y al desplazado como ser vulnerable.
Investigating the feasibility of generating dual‐energy CT from one 120‐kVp CT scan: a phantom study
Authors: Huang Wen‐Hui , Jhan Kai‐Jie , Yang Ching‐Ching 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the feasibility of generating pseudo dual‐energy CT (DECT) from one 120‐kVp CT by using convolutional neural network (CNN) to derive additional information for quantitative image analysis through phantom study.MethodsDual‐energy scans (80/140 kVp) and single‐energy scans (120 kVp) were performed for five calibration phantoms and two evaluation phantoms on a dual‐source DECT scanner. The calibration phantoms were used to generate training dataset for CNN optimization, while the evaluation phantoms were used to generate testing dataset. A CNN model which takes 120‐kVp images as input and creates 80/140‐kVp images as output was built, trained, and tested by using Caffe CNN platform. An in‐house software to quantify contrast enhancement and synthesize virtual monochromatic CT (VMCT) for CNN‐generated pseudo DECT was implemented and evaluated.ResultsThe CT numbers in 80‐kVp pseudo images generated by CNN are differed from the truth by 11.57, 16.67, 13.92, 12.23, 10.69 HU for syringes filled with iodine concentration of 2.19, 4.38, 8.75, 17.5, 35 mg/ml, respectively. The corresponding results for 140‐kVp CT are 3.09, 9.10, 7.08, 9.81, 7.59 HU. The estimates of iodine concentration calculated based on the proposed method are differed from the truth by 0.104, 0.603, 0.478, 0.698, 0.795 mg/ml for syringes filled with iodine concentration of 2.19, 4.38, 8.75, 17.5, 35 mg/ml, respectively. With regards to image quality enhancement, VMCT synthesized by using pseudo DECT shows the best contrast‐to‐noise ratio at 40 keV.ConclusionIn conclusion, the proposed method should be a practicable strategy for iodine quantification in contrast enhanced 120‐kVp CT without using specific scanner or scanning procedure.
Reduction of superficial radiation dose with bolus in passive scattering proton beam therapy
Authors: Kim Yeon‐Joo , Kim Chankyu , Lee Se Byeong , Kim Jae‐Sung 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeIn passive scattering proton beam therapy, scattered protons from the snout and aperture increase the superficial dose, however, treatment planning systems (TPSs) based on analytic algorithms (such as proton convolution superposition) are often inaccurate in this aspect. This additional dose can cause permanent alopecia or severe radiation dermatitis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bolus on the superficial radiation dose in passive scattering proton beam therapy.MethodsWe drew a clinical target volume (CTV) and a scalp‐p (phantom), and created plans using a TPS for a solid water phantom with and without bolus. We calculated the dose distribution in the established plans independently with Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and measured the actual dose distribution with an array of ion chambers and radiochromic films. To assess the clinical impact of bolus on scalp dose, we conducted independent dose verification using MC simulation in a clinical case.ResultsIn the solid water phantom without bolus, the calculated scalp‐p volume receiving 190 cGy was 20% with TPS but 80% with MC simulation when the CTV received 200 cGy. With 2 cm bolus, this decreased from 80% to 10% in MC simulation. With the measurements, average superficial dose to the scalp‐p was reduced by 5.2% when 2 cm bolus was applied. In the clinical case, the scalp‐c (clinical) volume receiving 3000 cGy decreased from 74% to 63% when 2 cm bolus was applied.ConclusionThis study revealed that bolus can reduce radiation dose at the superficial body area and alleviate toxicity in passive scattering proton beam therapy.
Screening Arrays of Laminin Peptides on Modified Cellulose for Promotion of Adhesion of Primary Endothelial and Neural Precursor Cells
Authors: Wetzel Richard , Hauser Sandra , Lin Weilin , Berg Peggy , Werner Carsten , Pietzsch Jens , Kempermann Gerd , Zhang Yixin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNeural precursor cells (NPC) are primary cells intensively used in the context of research on adult neurogenesis and modeling of neuronal development in health and diseased states. Substrates that can facilitate NPC adhesion will be very useful for culturing these cells. Due to the presence of laminin in basal lamina as well as their involvement in differentiation, migration, and adhesion of many types of cells, surfaces modified with laminin‐derived peptides are focused upon and compared with the widely used fibronectin‐derived Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD) peptides. An array of 46 peptides is synthesized on cellulose paper (SPOT) to identify laminin‐derived peptides that promote short‐term adhesion of murine NPC and human primary endothelial cells. Various previously reported peptide sequences are re‐evaluated in this work. Initial adhesion experiments show NPC preferred several laminin‐derived peptides by up to 5‐time higher cell numbers, compared to the well‐known promiscuous integrin binding RGD peptide. Importantly, screening of cell adhesion has revealed a synergetic effect of filamentous matrix, peptide sequence, surface property, ligand density, and the dynamic process of NPC adhesion.
Design and Operation of Hybrid Microfluidic Iontronic Probes for Regulated Drug Delivery
Authors: Arbring Sjöström Theresia , Ivanov Anton I. , Bernard Christophe , Tybrandt Klas , Poxson David J. , Simon Daniel T. , Berggren Magnus 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHighly controlled drug delivery devices play an increasingly important role in the development of new neuroengineering tools. Stringent—and sometimes contradicting—demands are placed on such devices, ranging from robustness in freestanding devices, to overall device miniaturization, while maintaining precise spatiotemporal control of delivery with high chemical specificity and high on/off ratio. Here, design principles of a hybrid microfluidic iontronic probe that uses flow for long‐range pressure‐driven transport in combination with an iontronic tip that provides electronically fine‐tuned pressure‐free delivery are explored. Employing a computational model, the effects of decoupling the drug reservoir by exchanging a large passive reservoir with a smaller microfluidic system are reported. The transition at the microfluidic‐iontronic interface is found to require an expanded ion exchange membrane inlet in combination with a constant fluidic flow, to allow a broad range of device operation, including low source concentrations and high delivery currents. Complementary to these findings, the free‐standing hybrid probe monitored in real time by an external sensor is demonstrated. From these computational and experimental results, key design principles for iontronic devices are outlined that seek to use the efficient transport enabled by microfluidics, and further, key observations of hybrid microfluidic iontronic probes are explained.
Regioselective Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydrobenzo[f]isoindolones via Ag‐Catalyzed Sequential Ugi 4CR/Cascade Radical Cyclization Reaction
Authors: He Ying‐Chun , Yan Yan‐Mei , Ren Zhen‐Xing , Wang Yong‐Zhao , Yu Qiang , Xiong Jun , Wang Meng‐Liang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAn approach to 2,3‐dihydrobenzo[f]isoindolones by a Ag‐catalyzed Ugi 4CR/cascade radical cyclization sequence under mild conditions has been developed. The reaction of (E)‐2‐benzylidene‐4‐arylbut‐3‐ynoic acids, aldehydes, amines, and isocyanides produced 2,3‐dihydro‐benzo[f]isoindolones regioselectively in 60–85% yields via sequential Ugi 4CR/cascade radical cyclization reaction in the presence of Cs2CO3 and AgOTf. The method achieved the formation of two C−C bonds under air atmosphere in one‐pot fashion.magnified image
1,2‐Benzothiazine Derivatives from Sulfonimidamides by Metal‐Catalyzed Annulation Reactions in Solution and under Solvent‐Free Mechanochemical Conditions
Authors: Schöbel Jan‐Hendrik , Elbers Philipp , Truong Khai‐Nghi , Rissanen Kari , Bolm Carsten 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThree‐dimensional aza‐analogues of 1,2‐benzothiazine 1,1‐dioxides have been prepared from sulfonimidamides. Two different protocols are presented. The first is a rhodium‐catalyzed annulation reaction with α‐sulfonyloxyketones leading to 4‐unsubstituted benzothiazine derivatives. By selective bromination with NBS the heterocyclic ring can further be functionalized. In the second approach, an iridium catalyst is applied under solvent‐free mechanochemical conditions providing products with 3,4‐disubstituted thiazine rings from diazoketo esters and diazoketo sulfones.magnified image
Broadband Meta‐Absorber with Au/Ni Core–Shell Nanowires for Solar Vapor Generator
Authors: Son Soomin , Park Jaemin , Ju Sucheol , Huh Daihong , Jun Junho , Kim Kwan , Jung Pil‐Hoon , Lee Heon 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSolar energy has the advantages of being eco‐friendly, practically infinite, and nonreliant on chemical fuels. A solar vapor generator uses sunlight to transform a liquid stream into a vapor stream to operate a turbine for generating electricity. For efficient vapor generation, it should absorb the sunlight in broad spectrum with high absorption, and also have high photothermal conversion efficiency. In this work, Ni nanowires and Au/Ni core–shell nanowire absorbers which meet the relevant conditions are fabricated using a cost‐effective process for efficient solar vapor generation. The light is scattered and trapped in the nanowires and the electrical field is enhanced between the nanowires by the surface plasmonic gap resonance, resulting in high absorption. Also, the adiabatic nanofocusing structure generates heat at hot spots, resulting in efficient photothermal conversion. As a result, the Ni and Au/Ni core–shell nanowire absorbers respectively, absorb over 98% and 91% of the incident light in the solar spectrum. Further, the efficiency of photothermal conversion of the Au–Ni absorber under 1 Sun is found to be ≈33%. These absorbers have the potential to be applied to diverse fields, such as desalination, solar thermophotovoltaics, and metamaterials.
Strain‐Induced Interlayer Parallel‐to‐Antiparallel Magnetic Transitions of Twisted Bilayers
Authors: Wang Jian‐Jun , Yang Tian‐Nan , Wang Bo , Rzchowski Mark S. , Eom Chang‐Beom , Chen Long‐Qing 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe discovery of superconductivity in twisted graphene bilayers with a magic twisting angle ≈1.1° has opened up a wide range of potential twistronic device possibilities. In this work, the twisting effects in spintronic devices are explored. In particular, a material prototype integrating spintronics, straintronics, and twistronics is developed by stacking a twisted CoFe2O4 (CFO) bilayer membrane on a Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐PbTiO3 (PMN‐PT) membrane. Phase‐field simulations are performed to study the magnetic domain configurations and switching in CFO bilayers under piezostrains. An emerging interlayer parallel‐to‐antiparallel magnetic transition of the twisted CFO bilayer induced by appropriate piezostrain pulses generated from the PMN‐PT membrane is discovered. Such a strain‐induced parallel‐to‐antiparallel magnetic transition is non‐volatile and reversible, arising from the synergistic interaction among spin, strain, and twisting order parameters. The present work provides a paradigm for designing novel spinotropic devices by taking advantage of the emerging phenomena generated by twisting.
Last‐Passage Algorithm for Charge Distribution Over a Finite Region
Authors: Jang Hoseung , Given James , Yu Unjong , Hwang Chi‐Ok 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFirst‐passage and last‐passage Monte Carlo algorithms have been used for computing charge distribution on a conducting object. First‐passage algorithms are used for an overall charge distribution on a conducting object and Given–Hwang's last‐passage algorithms are used for a charge density at a specific point on a flat or spherical surface of a conductor. In this paper, a last‐passage algorithm for computing charge distribution over a finite region of a conducting object is presented.
Are polycultures for silage pragmatic medleys or gallimaufries?
Authors: Burton Amanda B. , Baniszewski Julie , Roth Greg W. , Tooker John F. , Kemanian Armen R. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPolycultures, mixtures of different crop species in the same field, may provide both production and ecological benefits. Silage production in annual cropping systems may incorporate polycultures and take advantage of species’ niche partitioning, potentially stabilizing yield variation due to abiotic stress. Using maize (Zea mays L.) silage as the basis of our 3‐yr study, we tested the impact on crop and soil attributes of replacing a fraction of maize with soy [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], sorghum (Sorghum bicolor var. bicolor × bicolor and var. sudanense [unnamed hybrid]), or a medley of soy, sorghum, and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Compared to maize monocultures and on average for the 3 yr, a replacement mixture of maize + soy lowered yields (1.57 vs. 1.87 kg m–2), but increased the N, P, and K concentration in the silage by 1.2x, 1.09x, and 1.03x, respectively. Maize + sorghum polycultures matched the biomass yields of maize monocultures (1.77 vs. 1.87 kg m–2) and increased K concentration (10.2 vs. 8.2 g kg–1). While random forest analysis revealed no change in post‐harvest soil mineral N with depth among treatments, there was a tendency for higher total mineral N left in the soil for soy‐containing vs. sorghum‐containing treatments (12.4 vs. 10.9 g m–2). Silage polycultures are a feasible alternative to maize silage monocultures and can improve silage nutrient concentration with no yield penalty if maize or sorghum dominate plant stands.