bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mass Transfer and Stellar Evolution of the White Dwarfs in AM CVn Binaries
Authors: Wong Tin Long Sunny , Bildsten Lars 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We calculate the stellar evolution of both white dwarfs (WDs) in AM CVn binaries with orbital periods of P
orb ≈ 5–70 minutes. We focus on the cases where the donor starts as a M
He < 0.2M
⊙ helium WD and the accretor is a M
WD > 0.6 M
⊙ WD. Using Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics, we simultaneously evolve both WDs assuming conservative mass transfer and angular momentum loss from gravitational radiation. This self-consistent evolution yields important feedback of the properties of the donor on the mass-transfer rate,

M

̇

, as well as the thermal evolution of the accreting WD. Consistent with earlier work, we find that the high

M

̇

's at early times forces an adiabatic evolution of the donor for P
orb < 30 minutes so that its mass–radius relation depends primarily on its initial entropy. As the donor reaches M
He ≈ 0.02–0.03 M
⊙ at P
orb ≃ 30 minutes, it becomes fully convective and could lose entropy and expand much less than expected under further mass loss. However, we show that the lack of reliable opacities for the donor’s surface inhibit a secure prediction for this possible cooling. Our calculations capture the core heating that occurs during the first ≈107 yr of accretion and continue the evolution into the phase of WD cooling that follows. When compared to existing data for accreting WDs, as seen by Cheng and collaborators for isolated WDs, we also find that the accreting WDs are not as cool as we would expect given the amount of time they have had to cool.
The Irradiation Instability of Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Wu Yanqin , Lithwick Yoram 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The temperature in most parts of a protoplanetary disk is determined by irradiation from the central star. Numerical experiments of Watanabe and Lin suggested that such disks, also called “passive disks,” suffer from a thermal instability. Here we use analytical and numerical tools to elucidate the nature of this instability. We find that it is related to the flaring of the optical surface, the layer at which starlight is intercepted by the disk. Whenever a disk annulus is perturbed thermally and acquires a larger scale height, disk flaring becomes steeper in the inner part and flatter in the outer part. Starlight now shines more overhead for the inner part and so can penetrate into deeper layers; conversely, it is absorbed more shallowly in the outer part. These geometric changes allow the annulus to intercept more starlight, and the perturbation grows. We call this the irradiation instability. It requires only ingredients known to exist in realistic disks and operates best in parts that are both optically thick and geometrically thin (inside 30 au, but can extend to further reaches when, e.g., dust settling is considered). An unstable disk develops traveling thermal waves that reach order unity in amplitude. In thermal radiation, such a disk should appear as a series of bright rings interleaved with dark shadowed gaps, while in scattered light it resembles a moving staircase. Depending on the gas and dust responses, this instability could lead to a wide range of consequences, such as ALMA rings and gaps, dust traps, vertical circulation, vortices, and turbulence.
Modeling Polarization Signals from Cloudy Brown Dwarfs Luhman 16 A and B in Three Dimensions
Authors: Mukherjee Sagnick , Fortney Jonathan J. , Jensen-Clem Rebecca , Tan Xianyu , Marley Mark S. , Batalha Natasha E. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The detection of disk-integrated polarization from Luhman 16 A and B in the H band, and subsequent modeling, has been interpreted in the framework of zonal cloud bands on these bodies. Recently, Tan and Showman investigated the 3D atmospheric circulation and cloud structures of brown dwarfs with general circulation models (GCMs), and their simulations yielded complex cloud distributions showing some aspects of zonal jets, but also complex vortices that cannot be captured by a simple model. Here we use these 3D GCMs specific to Luhman 16 A and B, along with the 3D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code ARTES, to calculate their polarization signals. We adopt the 3D temperature–pressure and cloud profiles from the GCMs as our input atmospheric structures. Our polarization calculations at 1.6 μm agree well with the measured degree of linear polarization from both Luhman 16 A and B. Our calculations reproduce the measured polarization for both objects with cloud particle sizes between 0.5 and 1 μm for Luhman 16 A and of 5 μm for Luhman 16 B. We find that the degree of linear polarization can vary on hour-long timescales over the course of a rotation period. We also show that models with azimuthally symmetric band-like cloud geometries, typically used for interpreting polarimetry observations of brown dwarfs, overpredict the polarization signal if the cloud patterns do not include complex vortices within these bands. This exploratory work shows that GCMs are promising for modeling and interpreting polarization signals of brown dwarfs.
Flux-limited Diffusion Approximation Models of Giant Planet Formation by Disk Instability. II. Quadrupled Spatial Resolution
Authors: Boss Alan P. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
While collisional accumulation is nearly universally accepted as the formation mechanism of rock and ice worlds, the situation regarding gas giant planet formation is more nuanced. Gas accretion by solid cores formed by collisional accumulation is the generally favored mechanism, but observations increasingly suggest that gas disk gravitational instability might explain the formation of at least the massive or wide-orbit gas giant exoplanets. This paper continues a series aimed at refining three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamical models of disk instabilities, where the handling of the gas thermodynamics is a crucial factor. Boss (2017, 2021) used the β cooling approximation to calculate 3D models of disks with initial masses of 0.091 M
⊙ extending from 4 to 20 au around 1 M
⊙ protostars. Here we employ 3D flux-limited diffusion (FLD) approximation models of the same disks, in order to provide a superior treatment of disk gas thermodynamics. The new models have quadrupled spatial resolution compared to previous 3D FLD models, in both the radial and azimuthal spherical coordinates, resulting in the highest spatial resolution 3D FLD models to date. The new models continue to support the hypothesis that such disks can form self-gravitating, dense clumps capable of contracting to form gas giant protoplanets, and suggest that the FLD models yield similar numbers of clumps as β cooling models with β ∼ 1 to ∼10, including the critical value of β = 3 for fragmentation proposed by Gammie.
L’héritage de Walter Scott dans le roman historique français du XIX e siècle
Authors: Safa Isabelle 
Published: December 2021

Historiens et romanciers français du début du xix e siècle célèbrent en Walter Scott une nouvelle manière de représenter l’histoire et s’en inspirent : la « couleur locale » et la dramatisation des enjeux historiques à travers des affrontements de personnages typiques rendent l’histoire à la fois vivante et lisible, à un moment où la discipline historique apparaît comme le creuset de la nation. On examinera ainsi comment s’articule autour de la figure de W. Scott la rencontre d’un moment politique et d’une poétique romanesque.
Le point de vue d’un avocat sur l’apport de la jurisprudence sur les garanties inhérentes à la liberté individuelle mises au jour par le conseil constitutionnel
Authors: Waquet Claire 
Published: December 2021

Ou comment la plasticité et la généralité d’une norme permettent au juge qui en contrôle l’application de cadrer les atteintes à une liberté, en l’espèce la liberté individuelle. Pour la défense, c’est le lieu propice à la réflexion, l’imagination et la construction juridique, au moins aussi (plus ?) efficace qu’un surplus de législation…
Dispositivo interacional, interseccionalidade e biopotência: Nath Finanças, entre a autovalorização e a promoção da precariedade
Authors: Guimarães-Silva Pâmela 
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo, apresentamos a persona Nath Finanças, um projeto da estudante de administração e educadora financeira Nathália Rodrigues, para produzir conteúdos de educação financeira para pessoas de baixa renda em redes sociais, iniciado em fevereiro de 2019. Entendemos a atuação e presença digital como um dispositivo interacional (BRAGA, 2020) na medida em que ela organiza quadros de sentido e os modos de vida. Esse ano, o projeto Nath Finanças passou por um episódio em que foi vítima de escárnio, protagonizado pelo jornalista Luis Nassif. As críticas, que tiveram apoio de outros internautas anônimos, colocaram em questão o limite entre autovalorização e promover precariedade. Tal questão se tornou o problema central deste artigo. Assim, o desenvolvemos a partir dos conceitos de biopotência (PELBART, 2002) e de interseccionalidade (CRENSHAW, 1989). Concluímos que o ataque apenas reflete uma recusa social à hermenêutica que considera os marcadores sociais de diferenças como cruciais para entender as interações e promover justiça social.
Palavras-chave: Biopotência. Interseccionalidade. Dispositivos interacionais.
PRMT5 Deficiency Enforces the Transcriptional and Epigenetic Programs of Klrg1+CD8+ Terminal Effector T Cells and Promotes Cancer Development
Authors: Zheng Yingxia , Chen Zheyi , Zhou Bingqian , Chen Shiyu , Han Li , Chen Ningdai , Ma Yanhui , Xie Guohua , Yang Junyao , Nie Hong , Shen Lisong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) participates in the symmetric dimethylation of arginine residues of proteins and contributes to a wide range of biological processes. However, how PRMT5 affects the transcriptional and epigenetic programs involved in the establishment and maintenance of T cell subset differentiation and roles in antitumor immunity is still incompletely understood. In this study, using single-cell RNA and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, we found that mouse T cell–specific deletion of PRMT5 had greater effects on CD8+ than CD4+ T cell development, enforcing CD8+ T cell differentiation into Klrg1+ terminal effector cells. Mechanistically, T cell deficiency of PRMT5 activated Prdm1 by decreasing H4R3me2s and H3R8me2s deposition on its loci, which promoted the differentiation of Klrg1+CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, effector CD8+ T cells that transited to memory precursor cells were decreased in PRMT5-deficient T cells, thus causing dramatic CD8+ T cell death. In addition, in a mouse lung cancer cell line–transplanted tumor mouse model, the percentage of CD8+ T cells from T cell–specific deletion of PRMT5 mice was dramatically lost, but CD8+Foxp3+ and CD8+PDL1+ regulatory T cells were increased compared with the control group, thus accelerating tumor progression. We further verified these results in a mouse colon cancer cell line–transplanted tumor mouse model. Our study validated the importance of targeting PRMT5 in tumor treatment, because PRMT5 deficiency enforced Klrg1+ terminal CD8+ T cell development and eliminated antitumor activity.
Normal Skeletal Standardized Uptake Values Obtained from Quantitative Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography
Authors: Nautiyal Amit , Jha Ashish Kumar , Mithun Sneha , Sawant Viraj , Jadhav Raveena , Khairnar Kranti , Rangarajan Venkatesh 
Published: December 2021

Aim:
To estimate the standard uptake values (SUVs) of Tc-99m methylene-diphosphonate (Tc-99m MDP) from normal skeletal sites in breast cancer patients using quantitative single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).

Materials and Methods:
A total of 60 breast cancer patients who underwent Tc-99m MDP SPECT/CT study at different postinjection acquisition times were included in this study. Based on postinjection acquisition time, patients were divided into four study groups (n_15 each), i.e. Ist (2 h), IInd (3 h), IIIrd (4 h), and IVth (5 h). Image quantification (SUVmax and SUVmean) was performed using Q.Metrix software. Delineation of volume of interest was shaped around different bones of the skeletal system.

Results:
The highest normal SUVmax and SUVmean values were observed in lumber and thoracic vertebra (8.89 ± 2.26 and 2.89 ± 0.58) for Group I and in pelvis and thoracic (9.6 ± 1.32 and 3.04 ± 0.64), (10.93 ± 3.91 and 3.65 ± 0.97), (11.33 ± 2.67 and 3.65 ± 0.22) for Group II, III and IV, respectively. Lowest normal SUVmax and SUVmean values were observed in humerus and ribs (3.22 ± 0.67 and 0.97 ± 0.18), (5.16 ± 1.82 and 1.18 ± 0.16) for Group I, IV, and in humerus (3.17 ± 0.58 and 0.85 ± 0.26), (3.98 ± 1.12 and 1.04 ± 0.28) for Group II and III, respectively. Significant difference (P < 0.05) noted in SUVmax for sternum, cervical, humerus, ribs, and pelvis with respect to time. However, significant difference (P < 0.05) noted in SUVmean for all skeletal sites with respect to time.

Conclusions:
Our study shows variability in normal SUV values for different skeletal sites in breast cancer patients. Vertebral bodies and pelvis contribute highest SUV values. Time dependency of SUVs emphasizes the usefulness of routinely acquired images at the same time after Tc-99m MDP injection, especially in follow-up studies.
The Impact of Panic Spread in Social Media Over COVID-19 on Dental Students of Nellore, India – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Suma Peteti Lasya , Reddy V. Chandrasekhara , Kumar R. V. S. Krishna , Gomasani Srinivasulu , Prathyusha V. , Prasanth P. Symon 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Social media platforms play an important role in the dissemination of information on the COVID-19 pandemic. Fake news had spread more rapidly on social media during the pandemic. Frequent exposure to fake news on coronavirus disease in social media creates panic and affects people's mental health.

Aim:
This study aims to assess the effect of social media on spreading panic over COVID–19 among dental students in Nellore city of Andhra Pradesh.

Methodology:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 1 month on 534 dental students of Nellore city of Andhra Pradesh. A specially designed and validated 20-item questionnaire was used to collect the data. SPSS version 21.0 was used for the statistical analysis. The Chi-square test used for categorical data. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Majority of the subjects used Instagram (50.3%) and Whatsapp (79.4%) to obtain and share information related to COVID-19 respectively. There was statistically significant association between the BDS and MDS dental students' responses on the questions relating to panic created over COVID-19 in social media. 54.2% of subjects felt that filters need to be set up for social media during a humanitarian crisis.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that the panic created in social media over COVID-19 had an impact on dental students.
Decentralized Public-Funded Oral Rehabilitation Programs and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of the Elderly in Rural Kerala
Authors: Narayan Vivek , Gomez Mary Shimi S. , Thomas Susan , Rao Arun , Anilkumar S. , Raj Indu , Parameswaran Vidhya 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Edentulism among the elderly deteriorates the physical, social, and mental dimensions of oral and general health.

Objectives:
This study compared the changes in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of the edentulous elderly following prosthetic rehabilitation with complete dentures among beneficiaries of public denture programs. The study also compared the responsiveness of Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI).

Methodology:
This prospective pre–post comparison study was conducted among beneficiaries of two public-funded oral rehabilitation programs (P1 and P2) organized by local self-government institutions. OHRQoL was recorded using OHIP-14 and GOHAI in P1 and P2, respectively. Data collection was done at baseline using direct interview and 4 weeks after denture insertion using telephonic interview. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to compare differences in responses between baseline and posttreatment. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05. Psychometric properties of tools were determined using Cronbach's alpha and exploratory factor analysis.

Results:
The mean change in OHIP-14 and GOHAI at 4 weeks after denture insertion was 15.39 ± 12.61 and 10.73 ± 8.71, respectively (P < 0.05). Cronbach's alpha for the modified OHIP-14 and GOHAI scales was 0.73 and 0.65, respectively.

Conclusions:
Prosthetic dental rehabilitation provides psychological, social, and functional benefits to the edentulous elderly. Public-funded denture programs are effective to improve OHRQoL among the edentulous elderly from a poor socioeconomic background.
Second-Hand Smoke Exposure at Home and Indoor Work Area Among College Students in Mangalore, South India
Authors: Jodalli Praveen S. , Panchmal Ganesh Shenoy , Ancy R. J. , Basheer Amitha N. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Second-hand smoke (SHS) causes more than 1.2 million premature deaths per year and other serious diseases.

Aim:
The aim of the present study was to determine exposure to SHS among college students in Mangalore, South India.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was done among 2063 college students aged 18–24 years in Mangalore. Data regarding exposure to SHS at home and indoor work areas were collected. Chi square test was used to test the association between study variables. Multinomial logistic regression was used to find factors influencing SHS exposure.

Results:
In the present study, 9.9% of the respondents were exposed to tobacco smoke at home of which 8.4% were nonsmokers. Among the respondents, 21.7% were exposed to tobacco smoke at indoor work areas of which 19.3% were nonsmokers. Significant association was found between current tobacco smoking status and anyone smoking inside the home or workplace. Logistic regression analysis revealed that males had 1.814 more odds of getting exposed to SHS at home and 1.976 more odds of getting exposed to SHS at indoor work areas than females.

Conclusion:
Exposure to SHS was higher at indoor work areas than at home and majority of the respondents exposed to SHS were nonsmokers. The findings emphasize the need for increased efforts to implement strategies to control SHS exposure.
Academic dishonesty intentions in the perspectives of higher education in Malaysia
Authors: Kassim Shamshul Anaz , Nasir Nurul Farihin Mhd , Johari Nur Rashidi , Razali Nur Fadzliani Yusrina 
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, academic dishonesty has become an endemic academic phenomenon because students seem to be treating cheating on tests or examinations as a common thing. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the intentions for engaging in academic dishonesty among degree students in public higher education in Malaysia by explaining the most prevalent predictors of academic dishonesty, which are attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, ethical behavior, and moral reasoning. A total of 346 respondents were involved in this study, composed of degree students from accountancy, surveying, plantation, applied science, marine science, business and management, computer science, and sports science programs. Results illustrate that subjective norms were found insigniﬁcantly related to the intentions to be involved in academic dishonesty because the respondents have treated cheating as common norm and considered it not weird to be involved in cheating. Attitude, perceived behavioral control, ethical belief, and moral reasoning were found to be signiﬁcantly related to academic dishonesty intentions.
DETERMINAN INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN DI 34 PROVINSI INDONESIA
Authors: Sasmita Petrus Yudha , Restiatun Restiatun , Yani Akhmad 
Published: December 2021

Penerapan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) mengusung konsep no one left behind sebagai suksesor dari Millenium Development Goals (MDGs. Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (TPB) pada negara berkembang seperti Indonesia adalah pemerataan pembangunan. Ketimpangan pencapaian pembangunan berkelanjutan di Indonesia di bidang ekonomi, sosial, maupun lingkungan. Identifikasi determinan yang optimal dalam meningkatkan pembangunan berkelanjutan di Indonesia menjadi penting sehingga diharapkan tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan dapat tercapai dengan baik dan merata. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pembangunan berkelanjutan, baik dari pilar ekonomi, sosial, maupun lingkungan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel. Data yang digunakan adalah indeks Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB), Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM), Indeks Kualitas Air (IKA), Indeks Kualitas Udara (IKU), Indeks Kualitas Tutupan Lahan (IKTL), dan Indeks Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (IPB) 34 provinsi di Indonesia pada periode 2016-2019 dengan bentuk data tahunan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Indeks PDRB, IPM, IKA, IKU, dan IKTL berpengaruh terhadap IPB. Indeks pembangunan berkelanjutan di 34 Provinsi di Indonesia pada kegiatan pembangunan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan taraf hidup masyarakat melalui kebijakan pembangunan yang diambil oleh pemerintah. Indeks komposit mampu mengukur pencapaian pembangunan manusia berbasis sejumlah komponen dasar kualitas hidup. IKA, IKU, dan IKTL sebagai pencapaian hasil pengelolaan lingkungan hidup secara nasional. Pemerintah dan pemegang kebijakan agar dalam meningkatkan IPM harus melalui program pembangunan ekonomi hijau.
Benefits of Turbinectomy vs Turbinoplasty – A Prospective Study
Authors: Thirugnanamani Revathi , Sahadevan Saroj , Ramabhadraiah Anil Kumar , Menon P Architha , M Prabhu Rukmini 
Published: December 2021

Introduction
Inferior turbinate hypertrophy (ITH) is one of the major causes of nasal airway obstruction. Nasal obstruction due to inferior turbinate hypertrophy is noted in around 20% of the population. Surgical reduction of the hypertrophied inferior turbinate is required when medical treatment fails. This study aimed to compare the Nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) scores and complications of inferior turbinate reduction by turbinectomy and turbinoplasty.
Materials and Methods
In this prospective observational randomized controlled study, 30 patients underwent turbinectomy and 30 underwent turbinoplasty. Pre and postoperative NOSE scores and incidence of postoperative bleeding and crusting were compared at first week and six months.
Results
The mean preoperative NOSE score of turbinectomy group was 75.83 and that of turbinoplasty group was 76.83. Both the groups showed statistically significant improvement (p< 0.05) in NOSE score post-operatively. Functional outcome is achieved with turbinoplasty by sparing the nasal mucosa and submucosa along with retention of function bearing structures (inferior turbinate). Though not statistically significant, the incidence of post-operative bleeding and crusting were lower after turbinoplasty, in comparison to turbinectomy.
Conclusion
Inferior turbinoplasty provides excellent outcome in a wide variety of patients with minimal morbidity. Turbinoplasty is associated with lesser mucosal injury, post-operative bleeding and crusting, and excellent outcome in terms of symptomatic relief and functionality. Hence, we recommend that it can be done for the treatment of ITH.