bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Environmental Quality in Africa
Authors: Onyeneke Robert Ugochukwu , Chidiebere-Mark Nneka Maris , Ejike Roseline Daberechi , Chikezie Comfort , Uhuegbulem Ifeyinwa Josephine 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Africa has diverse ecosystems and abundant natural resources crucial for its growth and development. Unsustainable use of natural resources can increase the ecological footprint and lead to environmental deterioration on the continent. Several factors influence ecological footprint – a proxy for environmental degradation. However, literature on the determinants of ecological footprint in Africa is mixed and without any evidence on the effect on different quantiles/groups. Therefore, this paper explored the impact of agricultural production, renewable energy, rule of law, natural resource dependence and foreign investments on ecological footprint in Africa controlling for economic growth. We used data from 44 countries in Africa spanning a period of 21 years (2000–2020) and applied fixed effects and method of moment quantile regression models for analysis. Our findings show that GDP per capita, livestock production and foreign direct investments had significant positive association with ecological footprint for most of the quantiles. In contrast, renewable energy consumption, crop production index, rule of law, urbanisation and natural resource rents all reduced ecological footprint in Africa for most of the quantiles. Continuous law enforcement in Africa combined with investment in renewable energy, sustainable crop production practices and sustainable management of natural resources would reduce the continent’s ecological footprint and environmental degradation.
Comparison of different developmental stages of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) fruit and identification of Hub genes
Authors: Li Yalan , Ren Tian , Qu Siyu , Hao Qing , Fan Dingyu , Alimire Alimu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Ziziphus jujuba is one of the oldest cultivated and economically important nut trees and its development and ripening processes involve numerous physiological and biochemical changes. This study conducted a fruit transcriptomic analysis during the fruit expanding (FE) stage, white-mature (WM) stage, early red (ER) stage and full red (FR) stage. The expression of mRNAs was then compared at four different stages. Subsequently, functional enrichment analysis was performed on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in each group. The relationships among DEGs within each group were assessed and hub genes were identified using the degree algorithm of Cytohubba. Finally, the expression levels of these hub genes were compared across the four stages. Based on the results, a total of 3448 unannotated novel genes were identified. The number of DEGs in the four group comparisons WM vs FE, ER vs WM, FR vs ER and FR vs FE groups were 1576, 8561, 1073 and 7884 DEGs, respectively, and mainly involved in biological processes such as stimulation, defence, immunity, ADP binding, DNA-binding transcription factor activity, secondary active transmembrane transporter activity, etc. In total, 20 hub genes were gained. The expression of 4 hub genes was not significantly different among four stages, namely LOC107409707, LOC107416546, LOC107415777 and LOC107414679, and the expression of the remaining hub genes was markedly different. Our study provides a transcriptional level reference to reveal further the dynamic developmental process of winter jujube fruits and a theoretical basis for improving the quality of winter jujube fruits.
Recent Changes in the Occupation Milieu of the EU27 Member States’ Labor Markets
Authors: Iordan Marioara , Chilian Mihaela-Nona 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The first two decades of the third millennium experienced an unprecedented swarm of economic, social and political changes that impacted virtually all the countries in the world. Under the increased pressures of demographic transitions, technological changes and environmental needs, the labor markets, on the one side, and the employees, on the other side, faced significant challenges as components of the national economic systems, in the first case, and as key agents of both the economic systems and the labor markets, in the latter, which resulted, among others, in a faster changing occupational milieu. In such a context, the paper aims to present an analysis of employment by occupation and age group and its quite recent changes in the EU27 member states. Such results reveal whether there is increased national specificity of the EU27 countries’ labor markets and their occupational composition or we may find some convergence patterns across countries, age groups or groups of occupations. These highlight not only certain necessary policy actions that might have to be enforced, especially in areas such education, labor market regulation, company regulation and so on, but also the imperative of an increased, better, and more efficient cooperation between the government and private economic actors in order to deal with and alleviate the already existing gaps, misallocations, misalignments, inefficiencies, etc. and to prevent as much as possible the occurrence of newer and (possibly) more hazardous ones for the European economies and societies.
The Impact of Internal Auditing on Strategic Vigilance in Economic Institutions «Sonelgaz Case Study»
Authors: Boutaleb Okkacha , Boudjourfa Benasser , Benlebbad Mohammed 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of internal audit on the practice of strategic vigilance in economic institutions. Internal audit holds a prominent position in most institutions due to its association with the highest levels of management. It functions not only as a supervisory tool but also as an independent and objective source of confirmation and advisory services, ultimately contributing to the institution’s value creation. In the face of rapid global developments and advancements in research and communication technology, economic institutions strive to stay ahead by enhancing their information programs and implementing vigilance systems across all sectors. These efforts lead to improved profitability for customer services. Reviewing information systems is a crucial modern activity that ensures the system’s effectiveness and credibility. To achieve this objective, a descriptive-analytical approach was employed. A scientifically designed questionnaire was distributed to the study population, which comprised a sample of institutions from the National Electricity and Gas Distribution Company in western Algeria. The researcher’s key finding is that internal audit plays a critical role in assessing the effectiveness of internal audit operations on enhancing and utilizing strategic vigilance. Strategic vigilance is considered an essential mechanism for improving service quality and providing necessary information for optimal organizational decision-making.
Special Rights of Soldiers, and Officers of the Police and the Border Guard With Regard to the Use of the Assistance of Counsel For the Defence
Authors: Stefański Ryszard A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article is scientific and research-oriented, analysing the right, granted by the Act of 26 July 2024,1 which amends certain acts to improve the functioning of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland, the Police, and the Border Guard in the event of a threat to state security. The right concerns a request for the appointment of public counsel for the defence by a soldier, a police officer, or a Border Guard officer accused of a crime committed as a result of the use of direct coercive measures, weapons, or other armaments, or the application or use of coercive measures or firearms in connection with the performance of specific official activities or tasks (Article 78a of the Code of Criminal Procedure). The article also examines the broader possibilities of providing financial support to soldiers for covering the costs of legal assistance incurred in cases concerning crimes committed in connection with the performance of official tasks and activities (Article 296(5) and Article 316(5) of the Act on the Defence of the Homeland). Additionally, provisions authorising the reimbursement of legal assistance costs to officers of certain other services are analysed. The main scientific objective is to assess the justification for introducing these amendments to criminal procedure law, as well as existing solutions that privilege soldiers and officers of certain services in terms of access to counsel for the defence. The main research theses aim to demonstrate that these changes result in a violation of the principle of equality before the law. The results of the study are original, as they highlight the need for legislative intervention. The study holds significant value for both academia, as it offers a dogmatic analysis and substantial theoretical insights, and for practical application, as it suggests directions for interpretating the criteria for applying the new provisions, potentially contributing to their uniform application.
Liability of a Court Enforcement Officer and the State Treasury For Damage Caused in The Performance of A Court Enforcement Officer Duties
Authors: Kuniewicz Zbigniew , Tomczyk Adriana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to clarify doubts surrounding the liability of the court enforcement officer and the State Treasury for damages under Article 36 of the Act on Court Enforcement Officers. It considers the constitutional model of liability for damages caused by unlawful actions of a public authority, as well as civil law regulations concerning the general rules for compensating damage. The conclusions drawn from the discussion in this article include, inter alia, the following findings: (i) Article 36 CEOA provides an independent basis for the tort liability of a court enforcement officer, premised on the unlawfulness of the court enforcement officer’s conduct, regardless of fault; (ii) damage subject to compensation under Article 36 CEOA includes any damage to the legally protected goods of the affected entity, encompassing both material and non-material damage (i.e., compensation for harm suffered); (iii) in relation to this liability, a narrow interpretation of unlawfulness should be applied, one that references the constitutional approach to the sources of law (Articles 87–94 of the Constitution).
Structure of the Procedure For Granting Television and Radio Broadcasting Concessions
Authors: Czarnik Zbigniew 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The considerations undertaken in this article concern the structure of the concession procedure conducted for audiovisual concessions. If by structure we understand the relationship between the elements constituting a given type of proceeding, then the concession procedure before the KRRiT is unique, as the decision on the concession is entrusted to two bodies within a single administrative proceeding. Against this backdrop, numerous procedural doubts arise regarding the place and role of the KRRiT and the President of the KRRiT in such proceedings, as both bodies decide on radio and television concessions. The joint action of these bodies in issuing a decision is an original solution in Polish law, which warrants theoretical justification. The article proposes a solution based on the exercise of joint competence by these authorities. Such a construction is permissible and appears to result from existing regulations under the Law on Radio and Television Broadcasting; however, it fundamentally changes the structure of the entire procedure, necessitating a fresh examination of procedural relations, the responsibilities of the authorities, and the mechanisms for controlling their actions. The solution presented in this article, beginning with the concept of the structure of concession proceedings, aims to ensure the efficiency of these proceedings while primarily safeguarding the rights of the entities involved.
Evaluating research quality with Large Language Models: An analysis of ChatGPT’s effectiveness with different settings and inputs
Authors: Thelwall Mike 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Evaluating the quality of academic journal articles is a time consuming but critical task for national research evaluation exercises, appointments and promotion. It is therefore important to investigate whether Large Language Models (LLMs) can play a role in this process.

Design/methodology/approach
This article assesses which ChatGPT inputs (full text without tables, figures, and references; title and abstract; title only) produce better quality score estimates, and the extent to which scores are affected by ChatGPT models and system prompts.

Findings
The optimal input is the article title and abstract, with average ChatGPT scores based on these (30 iterations on a dataset of 51 papers) correlating at 0.67 with human scores, the highest ever reported. ChatGPT 4o is slightly better than 3.5-turbo (0.66), and 4o-mini (0.66).

Research limitations
The data is a convenience sample of the work of a single author, it only includes one field, and the scores are self-evaluations.

Practical implications
The results suggest that article full texts might confuse LLM research quality evaluations, even though complex system instructions for the task are more effective than simple ones. Thus, whilst abstracts contain insufficient information for a thorough assessment of rigour, they may contain strong pointers about originality and significance. Finally, linear regression can be used to convert the model scores into the human scale scores, which is 31% more accurate than guessing.

Originality/value
This is the first systematic comparison of the impact of different prompts, parameters and inputs for ChatGPT research quality evaluations.
Fatal Sarcoptes scabiei and Demodex sp. co-infestation in wolves (Canis lupus) at the Białowieża National Park, Poland – is it a consequence of climate change?
Authors: Krzysiak Michał K. , Świątalska Agnieszka , Plis-Kuprianowicz Elwira , Konieczny Andrzej , Bakier Sławomir , Tomczuk Krzysztof , Larska Magdalena 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In winter 2021/2022, a wolf population in the primeval Białowieża Forest in Poland was struck by an outbreak of severe mange caused by mixed infestations of Sarcoptes and Demodex mites. We present an epidemiological analysis of this mange which caused significant morbidity and mortality.

Material and Methods
Ten sites known for wolf activity were monitored by camera trapping. A diagnostic necropsy and testing of a young wolf was performed to determine the causes of death.

Results
Five young wolves with severe alopecia of the entire body and some other individuals with minor to medium mange lesions were identified by the camera surveillance. The necropsy of the carcass revealed emaciation, dehydration and anaemia with starvation as the cause of death, likely attributable to severe infestation with Sarcoptes scabiei and Demodex sp. mites. Rabies and infections with Borreliella sp., Anaplasma sp., Ehrlichia sp., Francisella tularensis, Babesia sp. and tick-borne encephalitis virus were excluded by specific tests.

Conclusions
The described analysis is the first documented co-infestation of this kind in wolves. The outbreak coincided with very mild winter conditions with a high average minimum temperature, which may have favoured mite survival outside the host, and light snowfall, which may have influenced the wolves’ ability to hunt. Other potential drivers of the outbreak could be the large proportion of wetland terrain, increasing number of wolves in the area and anthropogenic pressure on their habitats including the migration crisis at the Polish–Belarusian border and the increased presence of military and border forces, even despite the relief from the anthropogenic pressure from tourism due to the COVID-19 lockdown.
Ways to improve the medical surveillance in shift workers
Authors: Hohor Sorina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a common condition among shift workers (but not exclusively), as this type of work produces changes in the circadian rhythm associated with changes in glucose and lipid metabolism and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
During the employment or periodic examinations, the occupational medicine doctor performs certain tests such as electrocardiogram, blood pressure measurement, orders blood tests (glycemia, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamine transpeptidase (GGT), creatinine, depending on the type of exposure of the worker. Their changes can translate into restrictions of some activities, the need to re-organize work and, in extreme cases, the unfitness for the respective job.
That is why it is necessary to find effective methods for the early identification of the risk of developing metabolic syndrome among workers regardless of the type of work or schedule they perform, before the onset of a chronic disease that can lead to an impaired quality of life and/or a reduction of work capacity. This article reviews the definition of metabolic syndrome, the current recommendations introduced in international guidelines and some of the screening methods which may be useful for the the medical surveillance of workers at risk of developing metabolic syndrome.
Hair dye: an occupational risk factor for bladder cancer among beauty industry workers
Authors: Neacşu Gabriela Roxana Louisse , Brezae Adela Alexandra , Rașcu Ștefan , Marinescu Șerban 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
A new area of research has highlighted a possible link between the use of hair dyes and an increased risk of bladder cancer in people working in the beauty industry.

Materials and methods
The present study is a systematic review, the data being collected from PubMed database and selected according to predetermined eligibility criteria.

Results and discussion
The results show that in the period prior to 1980 the incidence of bladder cancer was increased in male barbers, while after 1980 the risk was higher in female hairdressers.

Conclusion
At this moment, the research seems to reveal that hair dyes represent a possible occupational risk factor for bladder cancer, but further research is needed in order to confirm this conclusion.
Online Propaganda: The Case of the “Woke” Eurovision Song Contest
Authors: Ciprian Cucu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
For the last few years, the Eurovision Song Contest (ESC) – the longest running international music competition, has been present in social media and online outlets as losing its focus on culture and becoming a tool for a left-wing, “woke” ideology. The 2024 edition was especially attacked after the first non-binary person had become the winner, fueling allegations the contest rewards artists based on their identity rather than talent.
Our analysis shows that such allegations have been inconsistent, vaguely defined, and context-aware, appearing to follow “culture war” topics, from LGBTQ+ rights to migrants or climate change. As most use of the “woke ESC” narrative comes from rightwing media and politicians, we content this narrative is part of a political propaganda effort, and functions to signify adherence to a political position, as well as to counter a perceived propagation of left-wing ideas.
Gestão pública em saúde: desafios operacionais na realização de cirurgias eletivas no Brasil
Authors: Sousa Neto Alberto da Costa , Peres Amanda de Resende , Araújo Gabriel Alves , Linhares Lucas Macêdo , Costa Maria de Fátima da Silva , Nunes Vinícius Sá , Rosa Andressa Lima Sena , Alves Matheus de Sousa , Nogueira Luciana Tolstenko 
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Realizar uma análise da gestão das filas para cirurgias eletivas em sistemas de saúde públicos, a fim de identificar desafios operacionais e explorar estratégias de melhoria. Revisão bibliográfica: A análise evidencia uma série de desafios na gestão das filas para cirurgias eletivas, como a falta de transparência nas informações, problemas administrativos internos, altas taxas de cancelamentos de cirurgias e disparidades no acesso aos serviços de saúde. Embora políticas como os Mutirões Nacionais de Cirurgias Eletivas tenham demonstrado potencial, ainda são identificadas dificuldades significativas na implementação de soluções eficazes. Considerações finais: Apesar das iniciativas, como os Mutirões Nacionais, os desafios na gestão das filas para cirurgias eletivas permanecem evidentes. Torna-se imprescindível a implementação de soluções estratégicas, como a centralização das listas de espera e a introdução de melhorias nos sistemas de agendamento. No entanto, é crucial ressaltar que tais medidas demandam não apenas investimentos substanciais, mas também uma colaboração estreita e eficaz entre os diferentes setores que compõem o panorama da saúde pública. Somente por meio dessa abordagem integrada será possível avançar na resolução dos desafios enfrentados, garantindo um acesso mais justo e eficiente aos serviços cirúrgicos eletivos.
Expression and clinical significance of programmed death ligand-1 evaluated by 22C3 antibody in pleural effusion metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Gu Dongmei , Hu Lin , Huang Shan , Guo Lingchuan 
Published: December 2024

Objective:
Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is involved in tumor immune escape and is an important target molecule for the immunotherapy of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The expression of PD-L1 affects NSCLC invasion, metastasis, and patient survival. This study aims to explore the levels of PD-L1, as identified by the 22C3 antibody, in the malignant pleural effusion of patients suffering from advanced NSCLC, and to determine its clinical implications.

Material and Methods:
A two-step immunohistochemical EnVision assay was used to evaluate the expression of PD-L1 by the 22C3 antibody in 149 malignant pleural fluid cell wax clots of NSCLC. The relationship between PDL1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) expression, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, and overall survival (OS) time of patients with NSCLC was analyzed.

Results:
Positive expression of PD-L1 in malignant pleural fluid of NSCLC was observed as follows: Positive (<1%: 11.4%), positive (1–49%: 19.5%), and positive (≥50%: 11.4%), with a total positive rate of 42.3%. There was a significant association between PD-L1-positive expression and factors such as tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and metastasis to other organs (P < 0.05). Furthermore, PD-L1 expression showed a positive correlation with ALK expression (rs = 11.49, P < 0.05) but did not correlate with EGFR mutations (rs = 0.004, P > 0.05). Significant differences in median OS were observed between patients exhibiting positive PD-L1 expression and those without, according to survival follow-up data (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Immunohistochemical detection of PD-L1 expression in malignant pleural fluid of advanced NSCLC provides a basis for clinical tumor immunotherapy. Immunohistochemical detection of PD-L1 expression in malignant pleural fluid of advanced NSCLC is minimally invasive, simple, and fast, particularly for metastatic NSCLC where malignant pleural fluid is the first symptom, offering significant clinical application value.