bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Male Genital Self-Image Scale (MGSIS): Cutoff Point, Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Measurement Properties in Brazilian Men
Authors: de Arruda Guilherme Tavares , da Silva Erisvan Vieira , Braz Melissa Medeiros 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundConcerns about genital self-image (GSI) can influence sexual function and quality of life, and instruments that assess male GSI, such as the Male Genital Self-Image Scale (MGSIS), need to be adapted and validated in different cultures.AimsTo culturally adapt and validate the measurement properties of MGSIS in Brazilian men, according to the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guideline, and to create a cutoff point for satisfaction with male GSI.MethodsWe assessed the validity of content through a committee of experts and cognitive interviews. The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were assessed using Cronbach’s α and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). We also calculate measurement errors using the Bland and Altman graph. The structural validity was investigated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The hypothesis test for construct validity was assessed using Spearman correlation from MGSIS with the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), Body Appreciation Scale (BAS-2) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). To create a cutoff point for satisfaction with the GSI, the item response theory and the classic test theory were used.OutcomesMale’s (i) GSI, (ii) sexual function, (iii) body appreciation, and (iv) self-esteem were assessed.RESULTSIn this study, 518 men with a mean age of 33.90 (±13.83) years participated. The Brazilian version of MGSIS demonstrated good content validity and a single factor that explained 64.57% of the variance. Cronbach’s α and ICC values were 0.905 and 0.806, respectively. By assessing measurement errors, we found no systematic bias in the sample. MGSIS showed a moderate to weak correlation with IIEF, BAS-2 and RSES. A cut-off point of 23 in the MGSIS total score was found to rate satisfaction with the GSI.Clinical TranslationMGSIS is a valid and reliable measurement instrument for measuring male GSI in Brazil.Strengths and LimitationsThis study evaluated the measurement properties of MGSIS according to COSMIN, which is a powerful and useful guideline for measurement properties. However, due to the lack of a gold standard for measuring the GSI, we have not assessed the criterion validity.CONCLUSIONMGSIS is valid, reliable and can be useful to assess the GSI and classify the satisfaction with the GSI of Brazilian men.
Consumers’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Organically Farmed Fish in Bangladesh
Authors: Hoque Mohammed Ziaul , Akhter Nazmoon , Mawa Zinatul 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study aims to assess the market potential for organically farmed shrimp. The rank-ordered logit model was employed to investigate consumer perceptions; the findings reveal that consumers prefer organic shrimp from mariculture, and inland-farmed shrimp to the coastal version. The willingness to pay (WTP) for conventional shrimp amongst consumers with low knowledge is less than that for organic shrimp amongst highly knowledgeable ones. In addition, the lower WTP for organic shrimp compared with safe shrimp amongst those with a medium knowledge level shows that the organically farmed shrimp market is lagging behind due to limited knowledge and confusion.
Using Vodafone mobile phone network data to provide insights into citizens mobility in Italy during the Coronavirus outbreak
Authors: Calabrese Francesco , Cobelli Enrico , Ferraiuolo Vincenzo , Misseri Giovanni , Pinelli Fabio , Rodriguez Daniel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we present the work conducted by Vodafone to enrich the understanding of people movement in Italy during the outbreak of the Coronavirus in 2020, and the tool developed to support the decisions taken by the authorities during that period. We have developed a solution to anonymously monitor the daily movements of Vodafone SIMs in Italy, at aggregate level, at different spatial and temporal granularity, to provide insights into the movements of Italians.
New late Eocene and Oligocene plotopterid fossils from Washington State (USA), with a revision of “Tonsala” buchanani (Aves, Plotopteridae)
Authors: Mayr Gerald , Goedert James L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report new specimens of the Plotopteridae from Washington State (USA), an area where these flightless seabirds underwent significant diversification during the late Eocene and Oligocene. To date, five plotopterid species from western Washington have been formally named. Specimens previously assigned to Tonsala buchanani Dyke, Wang, and Habib, 2011 belong to at least two, but probably even three, different species. One of these, the large-sized “Whiskey Creek specimen” from late Eocene deposits mapped as the Makah Formation, is the oldest known plotopterid and is here tentatively assigned to ?Klallamornis clarki Mayr and Goedert, 2016. Another specimen originally referred to T. buchanani is also likely to belong to a different species and is among the most substantial records for North American plotopterids. We formally transfer T. buchanani to the taxon Klallamornis and show that the only unambiguously identified specimen of the species—the holotype—is currently poorly diagnosed from Klallamornis abyssa Mayr and Goedert, 2016, which is from coeval strata of the Pysht Formation. Although the holotype of K. abyssa is larger than that of K. buchanani, there remains a possibility that plotopterids were sexually dimorphic in size. We describe the first ungual phalanx of a plotopterid, which is referred to K. buchanani, and report previously unknown elements of the large ?K. clarki and the first records of this species from the Lincoln Creek Formation. Current data indicate that plotopterids originated in the middle or late Eocene on islands off western North America, and we hypothesize that the radiation of these birds in the North Pacific Basin may have been related to the evolution of kelp forests.
ON THE MODULARITY OF SOLUTIONS TO CERTAIN DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF HYPERGEOMETRIC TYPE
Authors: SABER HICHAM , SEBBAR ABDELLAH 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe answer some questions in a paper by Kaneko and Koike [‘On modular forms arising from a differential equation of hypergeometric type’, Ramanujan J.7(1–3) (2003), 145–164] about the modularity of the solutions of a certain differential equation. In particular, we provide a number-theoretic explanation of why the modularity of the solutions occurs in some cases and does not occur in others. This also proves their conjecture on the completeness of the list of modular solutions after adding some missing cases.
Tribes and Tribalism in the Modern Middle East: Introduction
Authors: Wien Peter 
Published: September 2021

This roundtable is the product of a conference on tribalism in the Modern Middle East held at the University of Maryland in College Park in early May 2019. In two days of scholarly exchange, the participants addressed questions on the reality of tribal life in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, and its impact on politics and society. Most of the specialists who participated in the conference are also contributors in this forum. To keep the discussion concise, the case studies focus on the Arab East – Syria, Jordan, and Iraq – as well as Yemen and Saudi Arabia. Building on the findings and reflections shared in College Park, the contributors responded to the following prompt as a point of departure for their essays:
For cultural, intellectual, political, and arguably even most social historians, tribes remain an enigma. As an ideal-type, the tribe seems to be all that the modern state is not: it defies positive law, rational administrative structures, equal citizenship based on individual rights and duties, and, still, in some cases, sovereignty based on fixed territorial boundaries. As a non-state, the tribe seems to be, on the other hand, the most enduring socio-political structure of human history. It is a kind of substrate, or a hetero-stratum of social organization at least in Middle Eastern societies. Its position as such seems even more pronounced in today's period of state disintegration and instability. What is the place of tribes in modern society, how do they relate to the modern state? How can what is seemingly an atavism of pre-modern times still have currency in today's world?The responses share the perception that tribes are not the antithesis of the modern state or of progress in the region. Researchers and politicians alike should take them into account in their analyses of modernization processes. They offer meaningful identities and forms of organization across the region and enjoy influence and power.
Nicolaides–Baraitser syndrome in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and SMARCA2 gene deletion
Authors: Foley Ross , Duignan Sophie , McArdle Linda , Betts David R. , Green Andrew , McMahon Colin J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNicolaides–Baraitser syndrome is a rare, neuro-developmental disorder caused by heterozygous pathogenic variants in the SMARCA2 gene, involved with chromatin regulation. Cardinal features include intellectual disability, short stature, microcephaly, triangular facies, sparse hair, brachydactyly, prominent interphalangeal joints and seizures. Genetic testing demonstrated a loss within SMARCA2 at 9p24.3 inclusive of basepairs 2094861_2141830 (hg19) in our patient. This case highlights a child with Nicolaides–Baraiter syndrome, a SMARCA2 gene deletion and a novel association of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.
Increasing Spatial Fidelity and SNR of 4D-STEM Using Multi-Frame Data Fusion
Authors: O'Leary Colum M , Haas Benedikt , Koch Christoph T , Nellist Peter D , Jones Lewys 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
4D-STEM, in which the 2D diffraction plane is captured for each 2D scan position in the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) using a pixelated detector, is complementing, and increasingly replacing existing imaging approaches. However, at present the speed of those detectors, although having drastically improved in the recent years, is still 100 to 1,000 times slower than the current PMT technology operators are used to. Regrettably, this means environmental scanning-distortion often limits the overall performance of the recorded 4D data. Here, we present an extension of existing STEM distortion correction techniques for the treatment of 4D data series. Although applicable to 4D data in general, we use electron ptychography and electric-field mapping as model cases and demonstrate an improvement in spatial fidelity, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), phase precision, and spatial resolution.
Radar Reflectivity and Meteorological Factors Merging‐Based Precipitation Estimation Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Yonghong , Chen Shiwei , Tian Wei , Chen Shuai 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe meteorological factors are important determinants of the surface rainfall. However, in studies of quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) based on Doppler radar data, meteorological elements are usually used as the weighting factors to correct precipitation, and the active role of meteorological factors in determining rainfall is neglected, which limits the improvement of radar QPE accuracy. In this study, the effectiveness of applying one‐dimensional convolutional neural network together with radar data and meteorological factor data to estimate precipitation is explored. Various combinations of meteorological factors were tested for the set of input variables. The proposed model performance was evaluated over the Shijiazhuang area at the spatial resolution of 0.01° and at the 6‐min time scale. The results indicates that the proposed model (RM‐1DCNN) provides more accurate precipitation estimation compared to the Ordinary Kriging interpolation, two Z‐R relationships, and Back Propagation Neural Network. The root mean square error of the RM‐1DCNN with temperature was 0.642 mm per 6 min and the average Threat Score exceed 55%, which was the best among all schemes.
Microdiversity characterizes prevalent phylogenetic clades in the glacier-fed stream microbiome
Authors: Fodelianakis Stilianos , Washburne Alex D , Bourquin Massimo , Pramateftaki Paraskevi , Kohler Tyler J , Styllas Michail , Tolosano Matteo , De Staercke Vincent , Schön Martina , Busi Susheel Bhanu , Brandani Jade , Wilmes Paul , Peter Hannes , Battin Tom J 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Glacier-fed streams (GFSs) are extreme and rapidly vanishing ecosystems, and yet they harbor diverse microbial communities. Although our understanding of the GFS microbiome has recently increased, we do not know which microbial clades are ecologically successful in these ecosystems, nor do we understand potentially underlying mechanisms. Ecologically successful clades should be more prevalent across GFSs compared to other clades, which should be reflected as clade-wise distinctly low phylogenetic turnover. However, methods to assess such patterns are currently missing. Here we developed and applied a novel analytical framework, “phyloscore analysis”, to identify clades with lower spatial phylogenetic turnover than other clades in the sediment microbiome across twenty GFSs in New Zealand. These clades constituted up to 44% and 64% of community α-diversity and abundance, respectively. Furthermore, both their α-diversity and abundance increased as sediment chlorophyll a decreased, corroborating their ecological success in GFS habitats largely devoid of primary production. These clades also contained elevated levels of putative microdiversity than others, which could potentially explain their high prevalence in GFSs. This hitherto unknown microdiversity may be threatened as glaciers shrink, urging towards further genomic and functional exploration of the GFS microbiome.
Endocyclophotocoagulation combined with phacoemulsification in surgically naive primary open-angle glaucoma: three-year results
Authors: Yap Timothy E. , Zollet Piero , Husein Salman , Murad Mohammad M. M. , Ameen Sally , Crawley Laura , Bloom Philip A. , Ahmed Faisal 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective
To assess the safety and efficacy of endocyclophotocoagulation with phacoemulsification (phaco-ECP) in surgically naive, primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods
A retrospective case series of patients undergoing phaco-ECP between 2007 and 2017 at a single centre in London, UK. The primary outcome was intraocular pressure (IOP). Secondary outcomes were visual acuity, visual field global indices, topical medications and surgical complications. Failure criteria were: (1) IOP > 21 mmHg or <20% reduction at two consecutive visits, (2) IOP <5 mmHg and (3) further IOP-lowering surgery.

Results
Eighty-three eyes from 83 patients were eligible. Pre-operatively, mean IOP (±SD) was 18.4 ± 5.2 mmHg. The mean number of topical agents (±SD) was 2.7 ± 0.9. Mean IOP (±SD) significantly reduced to 14.3 ± 4.7 at 1 year, 14.1 ± 4.0 at 2 years and 13.6 ± 3.7 at 3 years (p < 0.0001). Topical medications were significantly reduced to 1.3 ± 1.2 at 1 year, 1.7 ± 1.2 at 2 years and 1.8 ± 1.3 at 3 years (p < 0.0001). Annual IOP ‘survival’ was 70%, 54% and 45% at year 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Complications included uveitis (6%), macular oedema (2%), IOP spikes (1%) and corneal decompensation (1%) with no episodes of hypotony or retinal detachment. One patient underwent filtration surgery within 3 years (1%).

Conclusion
Phaco-ECP facilitates significant IOP lowering and reduction of medication burden in surgically naive POAG requiring cataract extraction. The procedure is relatively safe and without the use of implants and their associated risks.
USP11 controls R-loops by regulating senataxin proteostasis
Authors: Jurga Mateusz , Abugable Arwa A. , Goldman Alastair S. H. , El-Khamisy Sherif F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractR-loops are by-products of transcription that must be tightly regulated to maintain genomic stability and gene expression. Here, we describe a mechanism for the regulation of the R-loop-specific helicase, senataxin (SETX), and identify the ubiquitin specific peptidase 11 (USP11) as an R-loop regulator. USP11 de-ubiquitinates SETX and its depletion increases SETX K48-ubiquitination and protein turnover. Loss of USP11 decreases SETX steady-state levels and reduces R-loop dissolution. Ageing of USP11 knockout cells restores SETX levels via compensatory transcriptional downregulation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase, KEAP1. Loss of USP11 reduces SETX enrichment at KEAP1 promoter, leading to R-loop accumulation, enrichment of the endonuclease XPF and formation of double-strand breaks. Overexpression of KEAP1 increases SETX K48-ubiquitination, promotes its degradation and R-loop accumulation. These data define a ubiquitination-dependent mechanism for SETX regulation, which is controlled by the opposing activities of USP11 and KEAP1 with broad applications for cancer and neurological disease.
Functional and molecular characterization of a non-human primate model of autism spectrum disorder shows similarity with the human disease
Authors: Watanabe Satoshi , Kurotani Tohru , Oga Tomofumi , Noguchi Jun , Isoda Risa , Nakagami Akiko , Sakai Kazuhisa , Nakagaki Keiko , Sumida Kayo , Hoshino Kohei , Saito Koichi , Miyawaki Izuru , Sekiguchi Masayuki , Wada Keiji , Minamimoto Takafumi , Ichinohe Noritaka 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifactorial disorder with characteristic synaptic and gene expression changes. Early intervention during childhood is thought to benefit prognosis. Here, we examined the changes in cortical synaptogenesis, synaptic function, and gene expression from birth to the juvenile stage in a marmoset model of ASD induced by valproic acid (VPA) treatment. Early postnatally, synaptogenesis was reduced in this model, while juvenile-age VPA-treated marmosets showed increased synaptogenesis, similar to observations in human tissue. During infancy, synaptic plasticity transiently increased and was associated with altered vocalization. Synaptogenesis-related genes were downregulated early postnatally. At three months of age, the differentially expressed genes were associated with circuit remodeling, similar to the expression changes observed in humans. In summary, we provide a functional and molecular characterization of a non-human primate model of ASD, highlighting its similarity to features observed in human ASD.
Evidence from a long-term experiment that collective risks change social norms and promote cooperation
Authors: Szekely Aron , Lipari Francesca , Antonioni Alberto , Paolucci Mario , Sánchez Angel , Tummolini Luca , Andrighetto Giulia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSocial norms can help solve pressing societal challenges, from mitigating climate change to reducing the spread of infectious diseases. Despite their relevance, how norms shape cooperation among strangers remains insufficiently understood. Influential theories also suggest that the level of threat faced by different societies plays a key role in the strength of the norms that cultures evolve. Still little causal evidence has been collected. Here we deal with this dual challenge using a 30-day collective-risk social dilemma experiment to measure norm change in a controlled setting. We ask whether a looming risk of collective loss increases the strength of cooperative social norms that may avert it. We find that social norms predict cooperation, causally affect behavior, and that higher risk leads to stronger social norms that are more resistant to erosion when the risk changes. Taken together, our results demonstrate the causal effect of social norms in promoting cooperation and their role in making behavior resilient in the face of exogenous change.
Identification of a prismatic P3N3 molecule formed from electron irradiated phosphine-nitrogen ices
Authors: Zhu Cheng , Eckhardt André K. , Chandra Sankhabrata , Turner Andrew M. , Schreiner Peter R. , Kaiser Ralf I. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPolyhedral nitrogen containing molecules such as prismatic P3N3 - a hitherto elusive isovalent species of prismane (C6H6) - have attracted particular attention from the theoretical, physical, and synthetic chemistry communities. Here we report on the preparation of prismatic P3N3 [1,2,3-triaza-4,5,6-triphosphatetracyclo[2.2.0.02,6.03,5]hexane] by exposing phosphine (PH3) and nitrogen (N2) ice mixtures to energetic electrons. Prismatic P3N3 was detected in the gas phase and discriminated from its isomers utilizing isomer selective, tunable soft photoionization reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry during sublimation of the ices along with an isomer-selective photochemical processing converting prismatic P3N3 to 1,2,4-triaza-3,5,6-triphosphabicyclo[2.2.0]hexa-2,5-diene (P3N3). In prismatic P3N3, the P–P, P–N, and N–N bonds are lengthened compared to those in, e.g., diphosphine (P2H4), di-anthracene stabilized phosphorus mononitride (PN), and hydrazine (N2H4), by typically 0.03–0.10 Å. These findings advance our fundamental understanding of the chemical bonding of poly-nitrogen and poly-phosphorus systems and reveal a versatile pathway to produce exotic, ring-strained cage molecules.
Getting a tool gives wings even in schizophrenia: underestimation of tool-related effort in a motor imagery task
Authors: Décombe Amandine , Brunel Lionel , Murday Vincent , Osiurak François , Capdevielle Delphine , Raffard Stéphane 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHumans frequently use tools to reduce action-related efforts. Interestingly, several studies have demonstrated that individuals had tool-related biases in terms of perceived effort reduction during motor imagery tasks, despite the lack of evidence of real benefits. Reduced effort allocation has been repeatedly found in schizophrenia, but it remains unknown how schizophrenia patients perceive tool-related benefits regarding effort. Twenty-four schizophrenia patients and twenty-four nonclinical participants were instructed to move the same quantities of objects with their hands or with a tool in both real and imagined situations. Imagined and real movement durations were recorded. Similarly to nonclinical participants, patients overestimated tool-related benefits and underestimated tool-related effort in terms of time when they mentally simulated a task requiring the use of a tool. No association between movement durations and psychotic symptoms was found. Our results open new perspectives on the issue of effort in schizophrenia.