bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the interaction between Port Freight Transport and Railway in the Upper reaches of the Yangtze River
Authors: Chen Shi , Zhou Huiyu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the Yangtze River Economic Belt has gradually built an integrated transportation system. Under this context, the dynamic cooperative development of waterway and railway is measured by the natural experiment of newly built freight railway in port cities along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. A difference-in-difference model is adopted to estimate the impact of this railway on water transport in the surrounding area. It is found that instead of substitute the water transport, the railway actually promotes the growth of waterway freight volume, therefore, the complementation effect is more obvious. The results expand the empirical understanding of the interactive relationship between waterway and railway transportation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and provide important policy implications.
Research on resource consumption of construction industry in Xining based on material flow analysis
Authors: Zhang Huihui , Jia Haifa , Li Chengying , Liu Chengkui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Qinghai Province is a very fragile area of ecological environment. While paying attention to economic development, we should pay more attention to the change trend of ecological environment. According to the urban statistical yearbook, the energy consumption of construction industry accounts for a large proportion of urban energy consumption. In the concept of sustainable development, we should pay attention to the problem of resource consumption and environmental pressure of urban construction industry. This paper takes Xining construction industry as the research object, based on the material flow analysis method, analyzes the material flow of newly built and demolished buildings in Xining city from 2011 to 2015, and reveals the material consumption status of Xining construction activities and the pressure on the environment.
Visual Inspection and Determining Bridge Load Rating over the Torrential Rimac River in Lima, Peru
Authors: Blas C , Fernandez F , Carrera E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, the appropriate functioning of road infrastructure is a major concern that governments face. One of the structures most vulnerable to failure are bridges. In Peru, the hydrodynamics of torrential rivers, attributable to its geography, generates the collapse in the bridges by scour. Likewise, the increase in service overloads, compared to design loads (HS20), united with the fact that many bridges have more than 50 years in service, is another common factor that contributes to the bridge failures and should be considered in the evaluation of bridges. Therefore, this research aims to inspect, evaluate the load capacity in the superstructure of the Dueñas bridge using the LRFR methodology and propose improvements in the maintenance process. This bridge is made of prestressed concrete built in the 60’s and over the torrential Rimac river in Lima, Peru. The findings, according to the field visit, indicate the main problems are scour in the intermediate pier and damage in the concrete in the structural elements. Additionally, the rating factor (RF) calculated in the beams do not exceed to unit which implies that they only need structural reinforcement. Finally, improvements were proposed for the prevention of failure in the beams and scour in the substructure.
Oral administration of microbiome-friendly graphene quantum dots as therapy for colitis
Authors: Lee Byung-Chul , Lee Jin Young , Kim Juhee , Shin Nari , Yoo Je Min , Kang Insung , Kim Jae-Jun , Lee Seung-Eun , Kim Donghoon , Choi Soon Won , Hong Byung Hee , Kang Kyung-Sun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Graphene-based nanomaterials exhibit relatively high biocompatibility with low toxicity, of which a growing body of evidence has proved its feasibility, particularly as alternative drugs for various rare diseases. In response to the inevitable tide, we previously demonstrated that intraperitoneal (i.p.) injected graphene quantum dots (GQDs) retrieve the experimental colitis. Nevertheless, it is still requested to verify the effect of oral administration for the actual application of GQDs as an alternative remedy. GQDs (1 mg ml−1, 300 μl/injection) were orally administered to dextran sulfate sodium-induced mice every 3 d, and the therapeutic effects were monitored by changes of body weights, disease activity index and colon length. To address GQDs’ maintenance of therapeutic efficacy even after passing the gastrointestinal tract, its physicochemical properties were investigated after exposure to a low pH environment. Furthermore, we evaluated the impact of GQDs on intestinal microbiota by determining bacterial viability. As a result, repetitive oral administration of GQDs resolved the symptoms of colitis, such as body weight loss and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and efficiently suppressed intestinal inflammation, similar to the previous i.p. injection. GQDs were confirmed to retain its properties after exposure to the acidic environment. No significant toxicity was found in vivo and on the microbiota, which is critical in terms of a direct correlation between GQDs and recipients’ intestinal environment. Taken together, we demonstrated that oral administration of GQDs could ameliorate experimental colitis without any harmful effect, which potentiates GQDs as an alternative microbiome-friendly treatment for colitis.
A comparative study of mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of fusion-bonded epoxy and liquid epoxy coatings and their service life in drill pipe applications
Authors: Bigdeli Faryad , Javidi Mehdi , Pakshir Mahmoud 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The current investigation evaluated the service life and characteristics of fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE) and liquid epoxy coatings applied on ST37 substrates to determine the optimal properties for the inner coatings of the drill pipes in the practical operating conditions. For this purpose, various mechanical tests of flexibility, hardness, adhesion resistance, impact resistance, and wear resistance along with corrosion tests of salt spray, acid immersion, and impedance tests were employed. The mechanical test results verified that FBE coating with 88 Shore D hardness and 25 MPa adhesion strength had the lowest weight loss during the wear test and provided the most desirable mechanical properties among the liquid coatings. Furthermore, the FBE sample was found to have the maximum flexibility and the highest impact resistance. The corrosion test results revealed that the FBE sample had the lowest corrosion rate, which can offer extended durability for the internal coating of the drill pipes. The results also showed that the higher compactness of the FBE coating structure, as well as the lower permeability against the penetration of aggressive agents, were the primary factors accountable for the superior service life.
From solid electrolyte to zinc cathode: vanadium substitution in ZnPS3
Authors: Martinolich Andrew J , Ware Skyler D , Lee Brian C , See Kimberly A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Development of next generation batteries is predicated on the design and discovery of new, functional materials. Divalent cations are promising options that go beyond the canonical Li-based systems, but the development of new materials for divalent ion batteries is hindered due to difficulties in promoting divalent ion conduction. We have developed a family of cathode materials based on the divalent cation conductor ZnPS3. Substitution of V for Zn in the lattice concomitant with vacancy introduction yields isostructural but redox-active materials that can reversibly store Zn2 +  in the vacancies. A range of voltammetry and galvanostatic cycling experiments along with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy support that redox is indeed centered on V and that capacity is dependent on the V content. The voltage of the materials is limited by the irreversible decomposition of the

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polyanion above 1.4 V vs. Zn/Zn2 + . The reversible capacity before anion decomposition is limited to half the vacancies and is due to the relative ratios of oxidized and reduced V centers. Such observations provide useful design rules for cathode materials for divalent cation based battery technologies, and highlight the necessity for a holistic interpretation of physical and electronic structural changes upon cycling.
Potential applicability of polyethyleneimine PEI-coated Eu2O3 and Dy2O3 nanoparticles for contrast enhancement in computed tomography
Authors: Olifirenko Valentina , Abduraimova Aiganym , Kang Moon Sung , Raja Iruthayapandi Selestin , Duisenbayeva Bakyt , Molkenova Anara , Khamkhash Laura , Hwang Yoon-Hwae , Han Dong-Wook , Atabaev Timur Sh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Rare-earth metal oxide nanoparticles considered promising contrast agents for x-ray computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The main purpose of this study is to investigate the potential applicability of polyethyleneimine (PEI)-coated Eu2O3 and Dy2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) for CT x-ray attenuation. Morphology and other physicochemical properties of prepared samples were systematically investigated using a range of characterization tools. Preliminary cytotoxicity experiments with L-929 fibroblastic cells suggested that both samples have no significant toxicity at concentrations below 100 μg ml−1. Clinical CT analysis shows that PEI@Eu2O3 NPs exhibit higher x-ray attenuation efficiency (∼8 HU mM−1) as compared to PEI@Dy2O3 NPs (∼5 HU mM−1).
Investigation on the impact of nano MgO addition on dielectric properties and space charge behavior of epoxy resin AlN nanocomposites
Authors: Nagaraju Guvvala , Sarathi Ramanujam 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Epoxy nano composites were fabricated with the incorporation of nano AlN and MgO fillers to investigate their dielectric and space charge properties. Epoxy AlN nanocomposites with the addition of nano MgO have shown lower permittivity with reduced tanδ, good space charge behaviour, during poling period. Higher wt% of AlN in epoxy resin exhibited higher permittivity. The nanocomposites with AlN nanofiller have revealed higher space charge accumulation than on addition of MgO nano filler. Also, the addition of nanofillers to the base polymer has led to enhanced space charge decay performance compared to the base matrix.
FASTRAL: improving scalability of phylogenomic analysis
Authors: Dibaeinia Payam , Tabe-Bordbar Shayan , Warnow Tandy 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Motivation
ASTRAL is the current leading method for species tree estimation from phylogenomic datasets (i.e. hundreds to thousands of genes) that addresses gene tree discord resulting from incomplete lineage sorting (ILS). ASTRAL is statistically consistent under the multi-locus coalescent model (MSC), runs in polynomial time, and is able to run on large datasets. Key to ASTRAL’s algorithm is the use of dynamic programming to find an optimal solution to the MQSST (maximum quartet support supertree) within a constraint space that it computes from the input. Yet, ASTRAL can fail to complete within reasonable timeframes on large datasets with many genes and species, because in these cases the constraint space it computes is too large.

Results
Here, we introduce FASTRAL, a phylogenomic estimation method. FASTRAL is based on ASTRAL, but uses a different technique for constructing the constraint space. The technique we use to define the constraint space maintains statistical consistency and is polynomial time; thus we prove that FASTRAL is a polynomial time algorithm that is statistically consistent under the MSC. Our performance study on both biological and simulated datasets demonstrates that FASTRAL matches or improves on ASTRAL with respect to species tree topology accuracy (and under high ILS conditions it is statistically significantly more accurate), while being dramatically faster—especially on datasets with large numbers of genes and high ILS—due to using a significantly smaller constraint space.

Availabilityand implementation
FASTRAL is available in open-source form at https://github.com/PayamDiba/FASTRAL.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Postcopulatory sexual selection as a driver of sex- and population-specific kidney mass in garter snakes?
Authors: Friesen Christopher R , Mason Robert T , Uhrig Emily J 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn lizards and snakes, the kidneys produce seminal fluid in addition to having osmoregulatory functions. Therefore, in response to polyandry, kidney mass should be under selection regimes such as those influencing testes. Male red-sided garter snakes deposit a kidney-derived copulatory plug that functions in sperm competition. We first tested for intersexual differences in kidney mass and allometry in one population and found that males had kidneys twice as heavy as those of females, consistent with stronger selection on male kidney mass. Previous studies have shown that male size enhances mating success in one-on-one competition prevalent in small mating aggregations. We then examined the relationship between body size, kidney mass and testes mass in two populations with low (LD) and high (HD) mating aggregation densities. Males from the HD population had heavier testes and heavier kidneys compared with males from the LD population; HD males were also smaller in body size. Our results suggest that the strength of sexual selection, and possibly the balance between pre- and postcopulatory selection, varies in response to population size or density. However, more replication is needed to confirm the generality of these results within red-sided garter snakes and other squamate reptiles.
Impaired decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells from women with adenomyosis†
Authors: Peng Yaoming , Jin Zhixing , Liu Haiou , Xu Congjian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Differentiation of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) into secretory decidualized cells (dESCs) is essential for embryo implantation. Adenomyosis is a common benign gynecological disease that causes infertility. However, whether adenomyosis affects decidualization of human ESCs is elusive. Primary eutopic ESCs were obtained from patients with adenomyosis (n = 9) and women with nonendometrial diseases (n = 12). We determined the capacity of decidualization of human ESCs by qRT-PCR, Edu proliferation assay, cytokine array, and ELISA assay. We found that the expression of decidualization markers (IGFBP1 and PRL) in ESCs of adenomyosis was reduced, concomitant with increased cell proliferation. Differential secretion of cytokines in dESCs, including CXCL1/2/3, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, VEGF-A, MIP-3α, OPN, SDF-1α, HGF, and MMP-9, was observed between adenomyosis and nonadenomyosis. Moreover, the expression of decidualization regulators (HOXA10 at both mRNA and protein levels, FOXO1, KLF5, CEBPB, and HAND2 at mRNA levels) in the eutopic endometrium of adenomyosis was lower than that of nonadenomyosis. We propose that ESCs from adenomyosis have defected ability to full decidualization, which may lead to a nonreceptive endometrium.
Structure and functional anatomy of the gas exchange apparatus of leafless orchids: evidence for a control mechanism?
Authors: Roth-Nebelsick Anita , Thiv Mike , Malkowsky Yaron , Schott Rena , Heyer Arnd 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIt is assumed that special structures in aerial roots of leafless orchids, aeration units, are involved in gas exchange regulation. In this study, the structure of aeration units in three leafless taxa (Microcoelia exilis, M. aphylla, Dendrophylax funalis) and a leaf-bearing species (Campylocentrum micranthum) are investigated to obtain more evidence of a possible mechanism for gas exchange control in aerial orchid roots. Extensive analyses of the anatomy of the velamen radicum, exodermis and cortex were performed using light and electron microscopy and µCT. In all considered leafless taxa, the aeration unit consists of pneumathodes (non-wettable regions in the velamen radicum), an exodermal aeration cell (EAC) with a thin cell wall (often equipped with a special internal layer showing a fluffy structure) and specialized cortical cells (SCC). The SCC provide gaps for gas exchange, show differentially thickened cell walls and are arranged in a staggered manner. Based on the 3D structure of the aeration unit, we suggest the possibility of dehydration-triggered gap closure (driven by root shrinkage), in the process of which first the SCC are pushed against each other and second the EAC are squeezed shut by the exodermis.
Pirh2, an E3 ligase, regulates the AIP4–p73 regulatory pathway by modulating AIP4 expression and ubiquitination
Authors: Abou Zeinab Rami , Wu H Helena , Abuetabh Yasser , Leng Sarah , Sergi Consolato , Eisenstat David D , Leng Roger P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Pirh2 is an E3 ligase belonging to the RING-H2 family and shown to bind, ubiquitinate and downregulate p73 tumor suppressor function without altering p73 protein levels. AIP4, an E3 ligase belonging to the HECT domain family, has been reported to be a negative regulatory protein that promotes p73 ubiquitination and degradation. Herein, we found that Pirh2 is a key regulator of AIP4 that inhibits p73 function. Pirh2 physically interacts with AIP4 and significantly downregulates AIP4 expression. This downregulation is shown to involve the ubiquitination of AIP4 by Pirh2. Importantly, we demonstrated that the ectopic expression of Pirh2 inhibits the AIP4–p73 negative regulatory pathway, which was restored when depleting endogenous Pirh2 utilizing Pirh2-siRNAs. We further observed that Pirh2 decreases AIP4-mediated p73 ubiquitination. At the translational level and specifically regarding p73 cell cycle arrest function, Pirh2 still ensures the arrest of p73-mediated G1 despite AIP4 expression. Our study reveals a novel link between two E3 ligases previously thought to be unrelated in regulating the same effector substrate, p73. These findings open a gateway to explain how E3 ligases differentiate between regulating multiple substrates that may belong to the same family of proteins, as it is the case for the p53 and p73 proteins.
Pupil Dilation and the Slow Wave ERP Reflect Surprise about Choice Outcome Resulting from Intrinsic Variability in Decision Confidence
Authors: de Gee Jan Willem , Correa Camile M C , Weaver Matthew , Donner Tobias H , van Gaal Simon 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Central to human and animal cognition is the ability to learn from feedback in order to optimize future rewards. Such a learning signal might be encoded and broadcasted by the brain’s arousal systems, including the noradrenergic locus coeruleus. Pupil responses and the positive slow wave component of event-related potentials reflect rapid changes in the arousal level of the brain. Here, we ask whether and how these variables may reflect surprise: the mismatch between one’s expectation about being correct and the outcome of a decision, when expectations fluctuate due to internal factors (e.g., engagement). We show that during an elementary decision task in the face of uncertainty both physiological markers of phasic arousal reflect surprise. We further show that pupil responses and slow wave event-related potential are unrelated to each other and that prediction error computations depend on feedback awareness. These results further advance our understanding of the role of central arousal systems in decision-making under uncertainty.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Diagnostic Clinical Decision Support: A Pre-Post Implementation Study of CORAL (COvid Risk cALculator)
Authors: Dugdale Caitlin M , Rubins David M , Lee Hang , McCluskey Suzanne M , Ryan Edward T , Kotton Camille N , Hurtado Rocio M , Ciaranello Andrea L , Barshak Miriam B , McEvoy Dustin S , Nelson Sandra B , Basgoz Nesli , Lazarus Jacob E , Ivers Louise C , Reedy Jennifer L , Hysell Kristen M , Lemieux Jacob E , Heller Howard M , Dutta Sayon , Albin John S , Brown Tyler S , Miller Amy L , Calderwood Stephen B , Walensky Rochelle P , Zachary Kimon C , Hooper David C , Hyle Emily P , Shenoy Erica S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Isolation of hospitalized persons under investigation (PUIs) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reduces nosocomial transmission risk. Efficient evaluation of PUIs is needed to preserve scarce healthcare resources. We describe the development, implementation, and outcomes of an inpatient diagnostic algorithm and clinical decision support system (CDSS) to evaluate PUIs.

Methods
We conducted a pre-post study of CORAL (COvid Risk cALculator), a CDSS that guides frontline clinicians through a risk-stratified COVID-19 diagnostic workup, removes transmission-based precautions when workup is complete and negative, and triages complex cases to infectious diseases (ID) physician review. Before CORAL, ID physicians reviewed all PUI records to guide workup and precautions. After CORAL, frontline clinicians evaluated PUIs directly using CORAL. We compared pre- and post-CORAL frequency of repeated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), time from NAAT result to PUI status discontinuation, total duration of PUI status, and ID physician work hours, using linear and logistic regression, adjusted for COVID-19 incidence.

Results
Fewer PUIs underwent repeated testing after an initial negative NAAT after CORAL than before CORAL (54% vs 67%, respectively; adjusted odd ratio, 0.53 [95% confidence interval, .44–.63]; P &lt; .01). CORAL significantly reduced average time to PUI status discontinuation (adjusted difference [standard error], −7.4 [0.8] hours per patient), total duration of PUI status (−19.5 [1.9] hours per patient), and average ID physician work-hours (−57.4 [2.0] hours per day) (all P &lt; .01). No patients had a positive NAAT result within 7 days after discontinuation of precautions via CORAL.

Conclusions
CORAL is an efficient and effective CDSS to guide frontline clinicians through the diagnostic evaluation of PUIs and safe discontinuation of precautions.