bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review on the potential of filamentous fungi for microbial self-healing of concrete
Authors: Van Wylick Aurélie , Monclaro Antonielle Vieira , Elsacker Elise , Vandelook Simon , Rahier Hubert , De Laet Lars , Cannella David , Peeters Eveline 
Published: November 2021

AbstractConcrete is the most used construction material worldwide due to its abundant availability and inherent ease of manufacturing and application. However, the material bears several drawbacks such as the high susceptibility for crack formation, leading to reinforcement corrosion and structural degradation. Extensive research has therefore been performed on the use of microorganisms for biologically mediated self-healing of concrete by means of CaCO3 precipitation. Recently, filamentous fungi have been recognized as high-potential microorganisms for this application as their hyphae grow in an interwoven three-dimensional network which serves as nucleation site for CaCO3 precipitation to heal the crack. This potential is corroborated by the current state of the art on fungi-mediated self-healing concrete, which is not yet extensive but valuable to direct further research. In this review, we aim to broaden the perspectives on the use of fungi for concrete self-healing applications by first summarizing the major progress made in the field of microbial self-healing of concrete and then discussing pioneering work that has been done with fungi. Starting from insights and hypotheses on the types and principles of biomineralization that occur during microbial self-healing, novel potentially promising candidate species are proposed based on their abilities to promote CaCO3 formation or to survive in extreme conditions that are relevant for concrete. Additionally, an overview will be provided on the challenges, knowledge gaps and future perspectives in the field of fungi-mediated self-healing concrete.
Delayed bronchial perforation after bulla cauterization with soft coagulation system
Authors: Kumata Sakiko , Matsuoka Katsunari , Nagai Shinjiro , Ueda Mitsuhiro , Okada Yoshinori , Miyamoto Yoshihiro 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Soft coagulation is widely used for hemostasis because of its significant advantage in inducing tissue coagulation and denaturation without carbonization. However, a few cases of airway damage have been reported at the site, where soft coagulation was directly applied.

Case presentation
We encountered an unusual case of delayed perforation of the intermediate bronchial trunk observed on 24 days after cauterization of the right S6 bulla adjacent to the bronchus. Chest computed tomography revealed a large fistula between the intermediate bronchial trunk and the cauterized bulla in the right S6. Bronchoscopy showed a large fistula at the membranous portion of the intermediate bronchial trunk. We presumed that the bronchial perforation resulted from thermal damage to the intermediate bronchial trunk during bulla cauterization and the bronchial perforation induced infection in the bulla. Resection of the infectious bulla and the intermediate bronchial trunk, followed by end-to-end bronchial anastomosis and a pedicled intercostal muscle flap coverage, was performed.

Conclusions
The severe airway damage resulting in perforation developed even without direct contact between the electrode tip and the bronchial wall, provoking the need for special attention to the duration of cauterization and location, where it is used.
Repair of progressive retinal detachment complicating degenerative retinoschisis: surgical management and outcomes in phakic eyes
Authors: Beatson Bradley , Pham Alex , Ong Sally S. , Ahmed Ishrat , Arevalo J. Fernando , Handa James T. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Degenerative retinoschisis is a common condition defined by the splitting of the neurosensory retina that may rarely be associated with progressive retinal detachment (RD). Here, we aim to describe the anatomic and functional outcomes of surgical treatment of progressive symptomatic retinal detachment complicating degenerative retinoschisis (PSRDCR) using pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), scleral buckle (SB), or combined PPV/SB procedure.

Methods
A retrospective chart review of patients with PSRDCR between Jan 1, 2008 and Dec 31, 2019 was conducted. Data regarding demographics, surgical approach, and anatomic/functional outcomes were collected.

Results
Of the 4973 charts with RD repair during the study period, 36 eyes (0.7%) had retinoschisis with RD. 18 eyes met inclusion criteria (0.4%). The median age was 54 years (range 18–74) and all eyes were phakic. All eyes had outer layer breaks (OLBs) and 16 eyes (89%) had identifiable inner layer breaks. All OLBs were posterior to the equator in charts where position was recorded (16 eyes). The single surgery anatomic success (SSAS) and final anatomical success rates were 66% (12/18) and 100%, respectively. Eyes treated with PPV/SB had an SSAS rate of 75% (9/12), while PPV and SB had SSAS rates of 66% (2/3) and 33% (1/3), respectively.

Conclusions
PSRDCR is an exceedingly rare complication of degenerative retinoschisis associated with an SSAS rate lower than for uncomplicated rhegmatogenous RD. The majority of PSRDCR were repaired via combined PPV/SB in our study, and the rarity of this complication limits statistical support of an optimal surgical method in our and prior studies. The role of SB combined with PPV for PSRDCR requires further investigation.
Classification and prediction of Mycobacterium Avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP) shedding severity in cattle based on young stock heifer faecal microbiota composition using random forest algorithms
Authors: Umanets Alexander , Dinkla Annemieke , Vastenhouw Stephanie , Ravesloot Lars , Koets Ad P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Bovine paratuberculosis is a devastating infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). The development of the paratuberculosis in cattle can take up to a few years and vastly differs between individuals in severity of the clinical symptoms and shedding of the pathogen. Timely identification of high shedding animals is essential for paratuberculosis control and minimization of economic losses. Widely used methods for detection and quantification of MAP, such as culturing and PCR based techniques rely on direct presence of the pathogen in a sample and have little to no predictive value concerning the disease development. In the current study, we investigated the possibility of predicting MAP shedding severity in cattle based on the faecal microbiota composition. Twenty calves were experimentally infected with MAP and faecal samples were collected biweekly up to four years of age. All collected samples were subjected to culturing on selective media to obtain data about shedding severity. Faecal microbiota was profiled in a subset of samples (n = 264). Using faecal microbiota composition and shedding intensity data a random forest classifier was built for prediction of the shedding status of the individual animals.

Results
The results indicate that machine learning approaches applied to microbial composition can be used to classify cows into groups by severity of MAP shedding. The classification accuracy correlates with the age of the animals and use of samples from older individuals resulted in a higher classification precision. The classification model based on samples from the first 12 months of life showed an AUC between 0.78 and 0.79 (95% CI), while the model based on samples from animals older than 24 months showed an AUC between 0.91 and 0.92 (95% CI). Prediction for samples from animals between 12 and 24 month of age showed intermediate accuracy [AUC between 0.86 and 0.87 (95% CI)]. In addition, the results indicate that a limited number of microbial taxa were important for classification and could be considered as biomarkers.

Conclusions
The study provides evidence for the link between microbiota composition and severity of MAP infection and shedding, as well as lays ground for the development of predictive diagnostic tools based on the faecal microbiota composition.
Art and psychiatry in the 21st century: here's to more messy – and magical – entanglements
Authors: Tan Kai Syng 
Published: November 2021

SummaryIn a volatile world, during a time of multiple crises and amid a projected upsurge in mental illnesses as an aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, now is a critical time to consider how art and psychiatry can entangle with each other. Submissions like that of Lily Aston can create new spaces for conversation, reflection and constructive collisions. This can help disrupt and extend the state of psychiatry, management of psychiatric services, and education and training in mental healthcare, and advance how we understand other bodies and minds around us, and how knowledge can be created.
Evaluation of Burnout in a National Sample of Hematology-Oncology Pharmacists
Authors: Golbach Allison P. , McCullough Kristen B. , Soefje Scott A. , Mara Kristin C. , Shanafelt Tait D. , Merten Julianna A. 
Published: November 2021

PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence of burnout among hematology-oncology pharmacists and factors associated with an increased risk of high burnout. METHODS: Between October and November 2020, members of the Hematology/Oncology Pharmacy Association were invited to complete an anonymous survey. Questions included the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Well-Being Index, and sociodemographic and occupational factors linked with burnout. RESULTS: Of 3,024 pharmacists contacted, 614 pharmacists (20.3%) responded to an online survey and 550 (18.2% of overall sample) completed the MBI and were included for analysis. Overall, high levels of burnout were observed in 61.8% of respondents based on the MBI, with 57.9% of respondents scoring high on the emotional exhaustion domain and 31.3% high in the depersonalization domain. Pharmacists with burnout worked on average 48.6 (±9.6) hours per week compared with 44.5 (±9.6) hours per week for those without high burnout and spent more time on administrative tasks per week (7.5 hours v 4.3 hours; all P < .001). Pharmacists reporting high burnout were more likely to report concern they had made a major medication error within the past 3 months (27.6% v 8.1%; P < .001) and greater intent to leave their current job within 2 years (60.3% v 19.0%; P < .001). CONCLUSION: Burnout is prevalent among hematology-oncology pharmacists and may affect both patient safety and the adequacy of the workforce. Risk factors for burnout among hematology-oncology pharmacists in this study may be targets for burnout mitigation and prevention strategies to reduce the impact on pharmacists and improve cancer care for patients.
ASO Author Reflections: Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Oesophago-Gastric Malignancies—Present Work and Future Directions
Authors: Chidambaram Swathikan , Sounderajah Viknesh , Maynard Nick , Markar Sheraz R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOur paper highlights the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in oesophageal and gastric malignancies with acceptable levels of accuracy for both diagnostic and surveillance purposes. Here, we comment on the past, present and future work necessary for incorporating AI into the clinical framework and practice.
Brand Spillover as a Marketing Strategy
Authors: Wu Xiaole , Zhang Fuqiang , Zhou Yu 
Published: November 2021

When a weak-brand firm and a strong-brand firm source from a common contract manufacturer, the weak-brand firm may advertise this relationship to promote its own product. This paper investigates whether the weak-brand firm should use such brand spillover as a marketing strategy and how this decision depends on the firms’ characteristics and market conditions. We develop a game theoretic model consisting of one contract manufacturer and two firms with asymmetric brand power. The contract manufacturer determines the wholesale prices for the two firms and then each firm decides whether to source from the contract manufacturer. If both firms outsource to the contract manufacturer, then the weak-brand firm may choose whether to promote its product through brand spillover. Although brand spillover improves the attractiveness of the weak-brand firm’s product at no cost, we find that the weak-brand firm should not use brand spillover if (1) its original brand power is sufficiently low or (2) the contract manufacturer does not have a significant cost advantage. Interestingly, the adoption of brand spillover by the weak-brand firm can benefit all three parties under certain circumstances. Nevertheless, when the contract manufacturer has a significant cost advantage, in equilibrium the strong-brand firm will be hurt by brand spillover and hence should take actions to prevent it. This paper was accepted by Dmitri Kuksov, marketing.
O Projeto de Desintegração do Foro para o Progresso e Integração da América do Sul (Prosul): um Bloco de regressividade autônoma | The (Dis)Integration Project of the Forum for the Progress and Development of South America (PROSUL): a regressive autonomy block
Authors: Viégas Willyan Alvarez , Rodrigues Bernardo Salgado 
Published: November 2021

A segunda década do século XXI apresentou um cenário de fragilidades socioeconômicas com sucessivas crises políticas, ampliando a vulnerabilidade externa e a incapacidade estatal de planejamento na América do Sul. No plano regional, constata-se a proeminência da fragmentação, do regionalismo aberto e da retomada de projetos hemisféricos e/ou tratados de livre-comércio. O presente artigo possui o objetivo de ensejar o debate da integração sul-americana na década de 2020, a partir das experiências políticas deste início de século. Utilizando o método qualitativo da análise de documentos oficiais do embrionário Foro para o Progresso e Integração da América do Sul (PROSUL), a hipótese central é de que este novo bloco consiste numa tentativa de substituir o modelo prévio de integração autônoma por uma integração conservadora alinhada aos interesses liberais e estadunidenses. Por conseguinte, conclui-se que a América do Sul vem sendo afligida por um processo de desintegração regional.Palavras-chave: integração regional; América do Sul; PROSUL.ABSTRACTIn the second decade of the 21st century, South America presented socioeconomic fragilities with successive political crises, increasing the external vulnerability and the state's incapacity for planning. At the regional level, it was verified the prominence of fragmentation, open regionalism and the resurgence of hemispheric projects and free trade agreements. This article aims to promote the debate on South American integration in the 2020 decade, based on the political experiences of the beginning of this century. By Using the qualitative method of analyzing official documents of The Fórum para o Progresso e Integração da América do Sul (PROSUL), this article presents as its central hypothesis that this new block consists in an attempt to replace the previous model of autonomous integration with a conservative integration aligned to liberal and American interests. Consequently, this research concludes that there is a process of regional disintegration affecting South America in the last years.Keywords: regional integration; South America; PROSUL. Recebido em: 02 abr. 2021 | Aceito em: 05 out. 2021.
A Instrumentalização das Fake news nas Guerras Híbridas: uma análise a partir do Golpe na Bolívia (2019) | The Instrumentalization of Fake news in Hybrid Wars: an analysis based on the Coup in Bolivia (2019)
Authors: Oliveira da Silva Maria Beatriz , Carbone Anversa Ana Elisi , Delgado De David Thomaz 
Published: November 2021

Considerando as transformações do capitalismo e a reconfiguração do imperialismo, as Guerras Híbridas surgem no século XXI como parte de uma nova estratégia para a desestabilização política da periferia global. Sua tática mescla diferentes tipos de ataques, inclusive virtuais, com a finalidade de destituir governantes e realinhar politicamente os países atingidos aos interesses do centro global, especialmente dos Estados Unidos. À vista disso, o presente artigo objetiva identificar como as fake news foram instrumentalizadas na Guerra Híbrida contra a Bolívia, que culminou na renúncia do então Presidente Evo Morales, em 2019. Para tanto, emprega-se o método de abordagem materialista histórico-dialético, o método de procedimento histórico e a técnica de pesquisa documental. Os resultados obtidos apontam que a instrumentalização das fake news ocorreu de maneira sistemática, manipuladora e impactou a ocorrência do golpe em um contexto de Guerra Híbrida.Palavras-chaves: Guerras Híbridas; Bolívia; Estados Unidos.ABSTRACTConsidering the transformations of capitalism and the reconfiguration of imperialism, the Hybrid Wars emerge in the 21st century as part of a new strategy for the political destabilization of the global periphery. Its tactic mixes different types of attacks, including virtual ones, with the purpose of removing governors and to politically realign the affected countries to the interests of the global center, especially of the United States. Considering this, the present article aims to identify how fake news were instrumentalized in the Hybrid War against Bolivia, which culminated in the resignation of then President Evo Morales, in 2019. In order to that, the historical-dialectical materialist approach is employed, as well as the historical procedure method and the documentary research technique. The results obtained indicate that the instrumentalization of fake news occurred in a systematic and manipulative way and impacted the occurrence of the coup in a Hybrid War context.Keywords: Hybrid Wars; Bolivia; United States. Recebido em: 10 jun. 2021 | Aceito em: 19/09/21.
Invenções na/da escola: massinha, estética e negociações
Authors: Da Silva Bianca De Menezes Castro 
Published: November 2021

O cotidiano na\da escola fugaz e aiônico, posicionado pelas crianças, está expresso neste artigo que tem como objetivo sentir a dimensão das relações estéticas na elaboração das aulas e horizontalizar os saberesfazeres tecidos pelos corpos no currículo praticado. Nesse sentido, a metodologia utilizada é da práticateoriaprática, ou seja, as práticas que forem surgindo pelas alunas e pelos alunos serão dialogadas com autores que ajudem a questionar a prática educativa para que, posteriormente, possamos criar novas práticas em decorrências dos desejos e confrontos. Uma aula feita na escola pública, situada na zona oeste da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, com crianças do quarto ano, coloca em jogo a lógica da ruptura cotidiana que proporciona outras possibilidades na sala de aula, com práticas instintivas e pensadas das crianças como: pintar, bagunçar, experimentar e criar, movimentamos a obra estética do currículo feito no dia a dia. Portanto, vemos as pistas éticas e estéticas para a democratização microbiana das escolas que são feitas nas alteridades infantis.
Development and Validation of HPLC Method for the Quantification of Atorvastatin in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Biological Fluid
Authors: Haque SK Manirul 
Published: November 2021

<p>A<strong> </strong>reverse phase HPLC method was developed for the determination of atorvastatin. The mobile phase involved for the separation was phosphate buffer and acetonitrile with a ratio of 10:1. The HPLC column C<sub>18</sub> ODS hypersil column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used and detected at 215 nm. The run time of the current method was 5 minutes with excellent specificity; no interferences were observed in the pharmaceutical dosage form. The process was validated according to ICH guidelines. The linearity of the proposed method was within the range of 0.25–3.8 µg/ml. The LOD and LOQ values were found to be 0.21 and 0.64 µg/ml. The % recovery and %RSD were within the range of 98–100 %, and ±2% for accuracy, precision, robustness, ruggedness results. All the values are acceptable as per ICH guidelines. As well, this enhanced technique was applied to calculate the amount of atorvastatin in human urine samples. Therefore, the present method is reliable for quantifying atorvastatin in quality control samples in academic and pharmaceutical industries and can easily be used in research development and hospitals. </p>
Microstructure-Related Pb2+ Adsorption Capability of Ti-Pillared Montmorillonite in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Liu Jingyi , Chen Rui , Li Yuru , Chen Jiajia , Chen Lihui , Gao Jing , Li Guohua 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe elimination of Pb2+ and recovery of lead metal during the treatment of industrial sewage is an important research topic. Montmorillonite (Mnt) is a promising material in this regard. The purpose of the present study was to improve the Pb2+ adsorption ability of Na-containing Mnt (Na-Mnt) by pillaring titania (anatase) into its interlayer spaces using a sol-gel method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The ratio of Ti to Mnt affected the crystal phase of titania-pillared Na-Mnt (Ti-Mnt), and changed the interlayer spacing of the (001) plane of Ti-Mnt and the growth of anatase. The Pb2+-adsorption capabilities of Ti-Mnt were tested using an aqueous solution of lead nitrate as a wastewater model. The Ti-Mnt prepared adsorbed >99.99% of the Pb2+; leached and activated Ti-Mnt adsorbed >95.7% of the Pb2+, indicating that Ti-Mnt could be recycled effectively. Furthermore, the Pb2+-adsorption capability of Ti- Mnt was related to the interlayer spacing of Mnt, the distribution of anatase particles pillared in Mnt, and the specific surface area, especially with respect to the relationship between the anatase particles and the interlayer spacing of the (001) plane.
An Evaluation of the Supplementation of Dietary-Modified Palygorskite on Growth Performance, Zearalenone Residue, Serum Metabolites, and Antioxidant Capacities in Broilers Fed a Zearalenone-Contaminated Diet
Authors: Xu Qiao , Chen Yueping , Cheng Yefei , Su Yue , Wen Chao , Wang Wenbo , Wang Aiqin , Zhou Yanmin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractZearalenone (ZEA), a common contaminant in food and feedstuffs, threatens human and animal health. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of modified palygorskite (MPal), a ZEA-targeted adsorbent, on broilers (young chickens) fed a ZEA-contaminated diet. Broilers were subjected to one of three treatments for a period of 42 days: a basal diet (control group), a ZEA- contaminated diet, and a ZEA-contaminated diet supplemented with 1 g/kg of MPal. Blood was collected for serum metabolite assay, and liver and kidney were sampled to determine ZEA residue and antioxidant-related parameters, using commercial spectrophotometric kits. Compared with the basal diet, the ZEA- contaminated diet resulted in compromised growth performance (reduced daily gain and feed intake during finisher period), disordered relative liver weight (decreased at 21 days but increased at 42 days), increased ZEA residue in liver and kidney, abnormal serum metabolites (decreased total protein content but increased alanine aminotransferase activity at 21 and 42 days, reduced albumin content at 21 days, and elevated aspartate aminotransferase activity at 42 days), and disrupted antioxidant capacities of broilers (increased total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in liver at 21 and 42 days, decreased T-SOD activity in kidney at 21 and 42 days, and in serum at 42 days, greater malondialdehyde accumulation in liver and kidney at 42 days, and lower glutathione content in kidney at 21 days). The adverse consequences resulting from the ZEA-contaminated diet were relieved by the supplementation of MPal (except albumin concentration in serum and T-SOD activity in liver at 21 days), with the values of growth-performance parameters, liver weight, renal ZEA accumulation, total protein content, transaminase activity at 42 days, and antioxidant indexes being similar to those in the control group. These results suggested that MPal supplementation could promote growth performance, attenuate liver damage, and improve the antioxidant abilities of broilers fed ZEA-contaminated diet by reducing ZEA accumulation.