bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FATORES DE RISCO DA GRAVIDEZ NA ADOLESCÊNCIA NO BRASIL
Authors: Avelino Calciene da Silva , Araújo Elis Célia Alves de , Alves Larissa Luz 
Published: October 2021

Introdução: atualmente, considera-se que a gravidez na adolescência é um risco para as adolescentes, por se encontrarem em uma fase muito conturbada, pela sobreposição de crises que tornam a gravidez um problema social e de saúde. E, exige, assim, dos profissionais de saúde um atendimento de melhor qualidade possível para esses adolescentes no acompanhamento da gestação. Objetivo: Analisar os riscos inerentes da gravidez na adolescência no Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa, no período de elaboração de março a agosto de 2021 com pesquisas de livros, revistas, periódicos, artigos científicos, fichamento de resumo e revisão final da bibliografia. Foram achados artigos nas bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) e PubMed, no recorde temporal de 2015 a 2021. Resultados: Por meio desta pesquisa, pôde-se observar os riscos de uma gravidez não planejada na adolescência com a falta de informação e conhecimento sobre esse assunto. Constatou-se que as adolescentes mais pobres que sofrem mais na gestação, em decorrência de não fazer o pré-natal todo mês e com o consumo de drogas para aquelas que moram nas ruas. Conclusão: A enfermagem é uma área de grande importância e tem potencial para contribuir na redução das estatísticas nos casos da gravidez na adolescência. Para isto, a enfermagem pode fazer uso das práticas educativas, envolvendo seu público alvo, desde conversa em grupos de adolescentes, quanto com a realização de parcerias com escolas, comunidade e a consulta de enfermagem.
Supporting Student Experience During the Pandemic and Beyond
Authors: Sanderson Rebecca , Spacey Rachel , Zhu Xiaotong , Sterling-Morris Rhianne-Ebony 
Published: October 2021

This article reports the findings from a small-scale, qualitative and phenomenological institutional research project, undertaken during the COVID-19 pandemic, on the experiences of undergraduate students from groups who are traditionally under-represented in higher education in the United Kingdom. Documenting the first two phases of a longitudinal study carried out at one university in England, the over-arching research question investigated here using semi-structured interviews was: How has the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic impacted student experiences and learning at university? Key themes identified included worry, a sense of loss, feelings of connection and support, a sense of a new geography of campus life and students' need to feel "in the loop". Evidence of changes with longer-term implications were also found, namely, an evolution in the relationship between students and their institution. A series of suggestions are presented based on the findings aimed at mitigating some of the ongoing negative effects of the pandemic on students.
Introducción
Authors: González Fernán 
Published: October 2021

El proceso de construcción de un país no se agota en la ocupación de su territorio ni en las relaciones económicas que se establecen entre los diversos grupos de su población y entre las distintas relaciones económicas que se establecen entre diversos grupos de su población y entre las distintas regiones que lo componen. La construcción de un país tiene dimensiones que son esencialmente de tipo político, como la creación de redes de solidaridad entre individuos y grupos sociales y de instituciones relativamente impersonales que rijan estas relaciones, lo mismo que de la referencia de permanencia a una comunidad nacional, cuya historia y cultura son sentidas como comunes por los habitantes del territorio en cuestión.Plabras Clave: Territorio, Proceso de Construcción, Historia, Cultura
CENTROS DE REFERÊNCIA EDNALVA BEZERRA
Authors: Andrade Kaliandra Oliveira , Lima Izabel França , Côrtes Gisele Rocha 
Published: October 2021

A violência doméstica é um problema que atinge mulheres de todas as faixas etárias, raça/etnia, religiões, classes sociais e graus de escolaridade. Configura-se como uma violação dos direitos humanos e impacta a integridade e o desenvolvimento social das mulheres com efeitos perversos em saúde física e psicológica. Este artigo aborda a violência contra as mulheres, e seu objetivo é de apresentar o Centro de Referência da Mulher Ednalva Bezerra (CRMEB), uma política pública da Secretaria Extraordinária de Políticas Públicas para as Mulheres, específica de atendimento às mulheres em situação de violência do município de João Pessoa. O serviço oferece atendimento multiprofissional às mulheres em situação de violência doméstica e familiar, por meio dos setores jurídico, social, psicológico, de arte-educação e terapia holística. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e documental. Para apresentar e descrever a unidade informacional, utilizaram-se documentos do CRMEB. Os resultados indicaram que o CRMEB é uma unidade informacional fundamental no processo de empoderamento das mulheres, para romper com o ciclo de violência e desnaturalizar esquemas hegemônicos de gênero, e que a práxis de sua equipe delineia o acolhimento e o atendimento humanizado às usuárias e favorece a produção de conhecimentos pautados na autonomia delas. Portanto, a política pública especializada no enfrentamento à violência doméstica e o poder da informação são sobremaneira importantes para garantir os direitos das mulheres.
Differentiation of viral and autoimmune central nervous system inflammation by kynurenine pathway
Authors: Luo Yi , Möhn Nora , Skripuletz Thomas , Senel Makbule , Tumani Hayrettin , Peßler Frank , Sühs Kurt‐Wolfram , Stangel Martin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether the metabolites of Kynurenine pathway (KP) could serve as biomarkers for distinguishing between viral CNS infections and autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases, especially anti‐N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE) and herpes virus encephalitis (HSE).MethodsThis study enrolled CSF samples from 76 patients with viral CNS infections, autoimmune neuroinflammatory, and non‐inflammatory neurological diseases. We measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of tryptophan (Trp) and kynurenine (Kyn) by ELISA.ResultsKyn concentrations and Kyn/Trp ratios were highly increased (p < 0.001, viral vs. autoimmune) in viral CNS infections, whereas patients with autoimmune neuroinflammatory and non‐inflammatory diseases exhibited low concentrations. Furthermore, Kyn concentrations and Kyn/Trp ratio turned out to be excellent biomarkers to distinguish between herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) and NMDARE (AUC 0.920 and AUC 0.906), whereas Trp concentrations were similar in all three groups.InterpretationThe results suggest that elevated CSF Kyn concentrations and Kyn/Trp ratio may serve as biomarkers for distinguishing viral CNS infections from autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases. In particular, the distinction between HSE and NMDARE is of great clinical relevance. Further studies are warranted to investigate the potential of CSF Kyn levels and Kyn/Trp ratio as routine parameters in patients with CNS diseases.
Amyloid‐dependent and amyloid‐independent effects of Tau in individuals without dementia
Authors: Therriault Joseph , Pascoal Tharick A. , Sefranek Marcus , Mathotaarachchi Sulantha , Benedet Andrea L. , Chamoun Mira , Lussier Firoza Z. , Tissot Cécile , Bellaver Bruna , Ferreira Pamela Lukasewicz , Zimmer Eduardo R. , Saha‐Chaudhuri Paramita , Gauthier Serge , Rosa‐Neto Pedro ,   the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the topography of amyloid‐β plaques, tau neurofibrillary tangles, and the overlap between the two, with cognitive dysfunction in individuals without dementia.MethodsWe evaluated 154 individuals who were assessed with amyloid‐β PET with [18F]AZD4694, tau‐PET with [18F]MK6240, structural MRI, and neuropsychological testing. We also evaluated an independent cohort of 240 individuals who were assessed with amyloid‐β PET with [18F]Florbetapir, tau‐PET with [18F]Flortaucipir, structural MRI, and neuropsychological testing. Using the VoxelStats toolbox, we conducted voxel‐wise linear regressions between amyloid‐PET, tau‐PET, and their interaction with cognitive function, correcting for age, sex, and years of education.ResultsIn both cohorts, we observed that tau‐PET standardized uptake value ratio in medial temporal lobes was associated with clinical dementia rating Sum of Boxes (CDR‐SoB) scores independently of local amyloid‐PET uptake (FWE corrected at p < 0.001). We also observed in both cohorts that in regions of the neocortex, associations between neocortical tau‐PET and clinical function were dependent on local amyloid‐PET (FWE corrected at p < 0.001).InterpretationIn medial temporal brain regions, characterized by the accumulation of tau pathology in the absence of amyloid‐β, tau had direct associations with cognitive dysfunction. In brain regions characterized by the accumulation of both amyloid‐β and tau pathologies such as the posterior cingulate and medial frontal cortices, tau’s relationship with cognitive dysfunction was dependent on local amyloid‐β concentrations. Our results provide evidence that amyloid‐β in Alzheimer’s disease influences cognition by potentiating the deleterious effects of tau pathology.
Conspiracy theory beliefs, scientific reasoning and the analytical thinking paradox
Authors: Georgiou Neophytos , Delfabbro Paul , Balzan Ryan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlthough many psychological and sociological factors have been implicated in the development of conspiracy theory (CT) beliefs, analytical thinking has been considered a key protective factor. However, it is not clear if engaging in systematic or rigorous information searching is always protective, particularly if this involves a confirmation bias or a lack of scientific reasoning. For example, higher scores on autistic traits, which are commonly associated with a tendency to engage in systematic information searching, have been found to be associated with stronger endorsement of CT beliefs. Here, we investigated whether measures of analytical reasoning need to be refined to focus specifically on scientific reasoning, as analytical thinking has recently shown a positive association with conspiracy beliefs. A total of 565 adults with varying levels of autistic traits, completed measures of CT beliefs, standard analytical reasoning and information searching measures, but also measures of scientific reasoning and belief flexibility (using the bias against disconfirmatory evidence or BADE task). We found that standard measures of analytical thinking and active‐open minded thinking were positively associated with CT beliefs and autistic traits. Conversely, higher levels of scientific reasoning and belief flexibility were negatively associated with CT beliefs, autistic and schizotypal traits. The findings encourage the use of more focused measures of logical and scientific reasoning in both psychoeducation interventions and future research relating to CT beliefs.
Ultra‐High Alignment of Polymer Semiconductor Blends Enabling Photodetectors with Exceptional Polarization Sensitivity
Authors: Schrickx Harry M. , Sen Pratik , Booth Ronald E. , Altaqui Ali , Burleson Jacob , Rech Jeromy J. , Lee Jin‐Woo , Biliroglu Melike , Gundogdu Kenan , Kim Bumjoon J. , You Wei , Kudenov Michael W. , O'Connor Brendan T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPhotodetectors that can sense not only light intensity but also light's polarization state add valuable information that is beneficial in a wide array of applications. Polymer semiconductors are an attractive material system to achieve intrinsic polarization sensitivity due to their anisotropic optoelectronic properties. In this report, the thermomechanical properties of the polymer semiconductors PBnDT‐FTAZ and P(NDI2OD‐T2) are leveraged to realize bulk heterojunction (BHJ) films with record in‐plane alignment. Two polymer blends with distinct weight average molar masses (Mw) are considered and either a strain‐ or rub‐alignment process is applied to align the polymer blend films. Optimized processing yields films with dichroic ratios (DR) of over 11 for the high Mw system and nearly 17 for the low Mw system. Incorporating the aligned films into photodetectors results in a polarized photocurrent ratio of 15.25 with corresponding anisotropy ratio of 0.88 at a wavelength of 530 nm, representing the highest reported photocurrent ratio for photodiodes that can operate in a self‐powered regime. The demonstrated performance showcases the ability of polymer semiconductors to achieve BHJ films with exceptional in‐plane polymer alignment, enabling high performance polarization sensitive photodetectors for incorporation into novel device architectures.
Emerging Wearable Sensors for Plant Health Monitoring
Authors: Lee Giwon , Wei Qingshan , Zhu Yong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEmerging plant diseases, caused by pathogens, pests, and climate change, are critical threats to not only the natural ecosystem but also human life. To mitigate crop loss due to various biotic and abiotic stresses, new sensor technologies to monitor plant health, predict, and track plant diseases in real time are desired. Wearable electronics have recently been developed for human health monitoring. However, the application of wearable electronics to agriculture and plant science is in its infancy. Wearable technologies mean that the sensors will be directly placed on the surfaces of plant organs such as leaves and stems. The sensors are designed to detect the status of plant health by profiling various trait biomarkers and microenvironmental parameters, transducing bio‐signals to electric readout for data analytics. In this perspective, the recent progress in wearable plant sensors is summarized and they are categorized by the functionality, namely plant growth sensors, physiology, and microclimate sensors, chemical sensors, and multifunctional sensors. The design and mechanism of each type of wearable sensors are discussed and their applications to address the current challenges of precision agriculture are highlighted. Finally, challenges and perspectives for the future development of wearable plant sensors are presented.
MEndR: An In Vitro Functional Assay to Predict In Vivo Muscle Stem Cell‐Mediated Repair
Authors: Davoudi Sadegh , Xu Bin , Jacques Erik , Cadavid Jose L. , McFee Matthew , Chin Chih‐Ying , Meysami Amir , Ebrahimi Majid , Bakooshli Mohsen A. , Tung Kayee , Ahn Henry , Ginsberg Howard J. , McGuigan Alison P. , Gilbert Penney M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFunctional assessment of stem cell‐mediated endogenous repair relies on animal studies. Here an in vitro assay is described that recapitulates important early steps of the in vivo skeletal muscle endogenous repair (MEndR) process. The assay is integrated with a custom semi‐automated image analysis pipeline to enable high‐content data analysis of donor‐derived muscle fiber content and morphology. Myotube sheets, generated by infiltrating a cellulose scaffold with myoblasts, are engrafted with muscle stem cells (MuSCs), injured to induce a regenerative microenvironment, and muscle repair is assessed. Significantly, the spatiotemporal dynamics of in vitro repair closely matched those observed in vivo, when both stem cells and injury are present. By exploiting the easy imaging geometry of the engineered tissue, cellular mechanisms of action driving the MuSC response to the regenerative template are explored. In vivo outcomes of two known modulators of MuSC‐mediated repair, measured by donor fiber production, MuSC niche repopulation, and response to a secondary injury, are phenocopied in the platform only when both the stem cells and injured 3D template are present. The MEndR platform represents a powerful opportunity to explore MuSC‐mediated repair and potentially compress the discovery pipeline by combining drug screening and validation in one step.
Flexible and Robust 3D a‐SiGe Radial Junction Near‐Infrared Photodetectors for Rapid Sphygmic Signal Monitoring
Authors: Zhang Shaobo , Zhang Ting , Liu Zongguang , Wang Junzhuan , Xu Jun , Chen Kunji , Yu Linwei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFlexible near‐infrared (NIR) photodetectors (PDs) are desired for accurate heart rate monitoring, based directly on arterial‐blood‐volume‐change detection, instead of indirect oximetry technology. In this work, a robust 3D construction of flexible a‐SiGe:H p‐i‐n radial junction (RJ) PDs is explored directly upon soft Al foils, working at NIR wavelength 800 nm, which has the highest skin transparency and the least absorption difference from oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin variation. The 3D a‐SiGe:H RJ‐PDs demonstrate excellent flexibility and mechanical stability that can undergo 1000‐times bending to 10 mm radius, with a high responsivity of ≈140 mA W−1@800 nm and rise/fall time scales of 5.4 µs/17.6 µs (3.6 µs/13.2 µs before bending). Successful photoplethysmography (PPG) detection of sphygmic signals is achieved at the wrist with significant arterial blood volume changes, working in reflectance mode and using a single NIR source @800 nm. These unique capabilities, enabled by the a‐SiGe:H RJ, have a promising potential to establish a reliable and convenient PPG detection technology, which can help to extract the heartbeat via solely arterial blood volume change, as a complementary and potentially very useful new diagnostic dimension for efficient and accurate real‐time health monitoring.
Engineering of Ferroic Orders in Thin Films by Anionic Substitution
Authors: Garcia‐Castro Andres Camilo , Ma Yanjun , Romestan Zachary , Bousquet Eric , Cen Cheng , Romero Aldo H. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMultiferroics are a unique class of materials where magnetic and ferroelectric orders coexist. The research on multiferroics contributes significantly to the fundamental understanding of the strong correlations between different material degrees of freedom and provides an energy‐efficient route toward the electrical control of magnetism. While multiple ABO3 oxide perovskites are identified as being multiferroic, their magnetoelectric coupling strength is often weak, necessitating the material search in different compounds. Here, the observation of room‐temperature multiferroic orders in multi‐anion SrNbO3−xNx thin films is reported. In these samples, the multi‐anion state enables the room‐temperature ferromagnetic ordering of the Nb d‐electrons. Simultaneously, ferroelectric responses that originate from the structural symmetry breaking associated are found with both the off‐center displacements of Nb and the geometric displacements of Sr, depending on the relative O‐N arrangements within the Nb‐centered octahedra. The findings not only diversify the available multiferroic material pool but also demonstrate a new multiferroism design strategy via multi‐anion engineering.
High‐Performance Si Photocathode Enabled by Spatial Decoupling Multifunctional Layers for Water Splitting
Authors: Mei Zongwei , Chen Yongji , Tong Shengfu , Li Yang , Liu Jian , Sun Lizhi , Zhong Wu , Dong Xinyan , Ji Yuchen , Lin Yuan , Chen Haibiao , Pan Feng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSpatial decoupling of light absorption and catalytic reaction is a promising approach to improve the efficiency and stability of Si photoelectrodes. Herein, patterned Ag dots (PADs) are fabricated as the front electrode on a glass layer on commercial SiNx‐coated monocrystalline p‐n+ Si by an industrial manufacture strategy. It is found that the electron tunneling glass layer offers excellent protection to Si photocathode in an acidic electrolyte (0.5 M H2SO4). The SiNx layer for antireflection and surface passivation also resists the corrosive electrolyte. Under 1 sun (AM 1.5G) illumination, PADs‐decorated photocathode with a 0.75 mm dot‐spacing exhibits a saturation photocurrent of 36.1 mA cm−2 and a photovoltage of 0.61 V when Pt is electrodeposited as the hydrogen evolution catalyst on PADs. The applied bias photo‐to‐current conversion efficiency (ABPE) reaches 9.7%. This performance is enabled by the simultaneous optimization of light absorption and collection of photoexcited electrons. The photocurrent can remain stable for about 100 h at 0 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). This study identifies a new combination of multifunctional spatial‐decoupling layers that is efficient in both light absorption, transfer of photoexcited electrons, and stable in an acidic electrolyte.
GeTe Nanosheets as Theranostic Agents for Multimodal Imaging and Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Song Jun Ho , Yoon Taejun , Lee Sun‐Mi , Mun Chin Hee , Kim Dasol , Han Jieun , Kim Ju‐Won , Bae Yonghee , Kim Taehee , Park Young Nyun , Cho Mann‐Ho , Park Yong‐Beom , Yoo Kyung‐Hwa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecently, 2D nanomaterials have received considerable attention in nanomedicine due to their intrinsic optical properties, biocompatibility, and therapeutic effect. Here, 2D germanium telluride (GeTe) nanosheets coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) (GeTe‐PVP NSs) developed as theranostic agents are reported that can be used for multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) and fluorescence imaging and therapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). GeTe‐PVP NSs, fabricated by simple sonication in ethanol and PVP, show broad optical absorption in visible and near‐infrared (NIR) ranges (400–1200 nm) and have intrinsic fluorescence properties. Thus, they provide deeper ex vivo and in vivo MSOT tissue images than gold nanorods or indocyanine green with strong optical absorption in the first NIR window (700–900 nm). In addition, when orally administered to IBD mice, GeTe‐PVP NSs exhibit therapeutic efficacy similar to or higher than sulfasalazine, with strong accumulation at inflammatory colon sites. This demonstrates that oral administration of GeTe‐PVP NSs may be used to treat inflammatory diseases in the gastrointestinal tract.
Unconventional Anomalous Hall Effect in the Canted Antiferromagnetic Half‐Heusler Compound DyPtBi
Authors: Chen Jie , Li Hang , Ding Bei , Chen Peng , Guo Tengyu , Xu Xing , Zheng Dongfeng , Zhang Hongwei , Xi Xuekui , Wang Wenhong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe interplay between magnetism and the topological band in metamagnetic materials has attracted researchers’ attentions because these materials exhibit novel phenomena, such as the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and quantum AHE. Here, the magnetotransport of DyPtBi single crystals in out‐of‐plane and in‐of‐plane magnetic field configurations is investigated. The results show a large unconventional anomalous Hall signal in the canted Type II antiferromagnetic state, indicating the existence of significant Berry curvature. This signal evolves into a large hump with DyPtBi entering the paramagnetic state and persists up to temperatures that are much higher than TN. Out‐of‐plane and in‐of‐plane measurements indicate that a larger unconventional Hall signal is observed at certain θ and ϕ angles. A giant planar anomalous Hall angle (AHA) of up to 30% is achieved in DyPtBi, which is comparable to that in a typical ferromagnetic Weyl semimetal. The results show that DyPtBi is a good platform for investigating the unconventional AHE and other novel physical properties in various potentially topologically nontrivial phases due to the interplay between canted antiferromagnetic structures and topology.