bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing Overlap of Primary Studies Results Across Systematic Reviews: Practical Considerations for Authors of Overviews of Reviews
Authors: Lunny Carole , Pieper Dawid , Thabet Pierre , Kanji Salmaan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: In overviews, inclusion of the same primary study in multiple systematic review gives undue weight to this study. Using a study result multiple times in the same analysis overstates its sample size and number of events, falsely leading to greater precision in the analysis. This paper aims to: (a) describe types of overlapping data that arise from the same primary studies reported across multiple reviews, (b) describe methods to identify and explain overlap of primary study data, and (c) present six case studies illustrating different approaches to manage overlap. Methods: We first updated the search in PubMed for methods from the MOoR framework relating to overlap of primary studies. One author screened the studies titles and abstracts, and any full-text articles retrieved, extracted methods data relating to overlap of primary studies and mapped it to the overlap methods from the MOoR framework. We also describe six case studies as examples of overviews that use specific methods across the steps in the conduct of an overview. For each case study, we discuss potential implications in terms of methodological limitations, efficiency, usability, and resource use.Results: Eight studies were mapped to the methods identified by the MOoR framework to address overlap. Several overlap methods mapped across four steps in the conduct of an overview – the eligibility criteria step, the data extraction step, the assessment of risk of bias step, and the synthesis step. Our overview case studies used multiple methods to reduce overlap at different steps in the conduct of an overview.Conclusions: Our study underlines that there is currently no standard methodological approach to deal with overlap in primary studies across reviews. The level of complexity when dealing with overlap can vary depending on the yield, trends and patterns of the included literature and the scope of the overview question. Choosing a method might be dependent on the number of included reviews and their primary studies. Gaps in in evaluation of methods to address overlap were found and further investigation in this area is needed.
An Exploration of Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic Women’s Perceptions of Public Health Messages to Reduce Stillbirth in the UK: a Qualitative Study.
Authors: Stacey Tomasina , Haith-Cooper Melanie , Almas Nisa , Kenyon Charlotte 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Stillbirth is a global public health priority. Within the United Kingdom, perinatal mortality disproportionately impacts Black, Asian and Minority Ethic (BAME) women, these communities have double the rates of stillbirth than white women. Although the explanation for this remains unclear, it is thought to be multidimensional and includes access to key public health information. Improving perinatal mortality is reliant upon raising awareness of stillbirth and its associated risk factors. The aim of this study was to explore BAME women’s awareness of stillbirth, perceptions of how it can be prevented through maternal behaviour change and how key public health messages could be more accessible to BAME women. Method: Two semi-structured focus groups and 13 one to one interviews were completed with a purposive sample of 30 participants from 18 countries and across 4 NHS Trusts. Participants provided a detailed account of their recollection of stillbirth advice and risk factors both before and during pregnancy. They also suggested approaches to more effectively communicate key messages to BAME women. Results: The results indicate limited awareness of stillbirth and potentially modifiable risk factors. They highlight the importance of the way in which resources to communicate key messages are developed and how they are communicated. The study supports the need for a range of resources which should be developed and shared within communities and as well as by trusted health professionals. Conclusion: Our study found that the term “stillbirth” does not routinely exist in many women’s narrative of perinatal health. This introduces additional complexity for health professionals when discussing stillbirth prevention with women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. Through co-development messages can be more accessible, acceptable and communicated effectively. It was clear that there was no ‘one size fits all’ and that a multi-pronged approach is required.
Towards a Personalized Organized Screening in Breast Cancer : Practical Determination of Thresholds of Risk in Women at Average-Risk
Authors: Bonnet Emmanuel , Daures Jean Pierre , Landais Paul 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In France, more than 10 million women at ”average” risk of breast cancer (BC), are included in the organized BC screening. Existing predictive models of BC risk are not adapted to the French population. Thus, we set up a new score in the French Hérault region and looked for a graded level of risk in women at "average" risk. We recruited a retrospective cohort of women, aged 50 to 60, who underwent the organized BC screening, and included 2241 non-cancer women and 527 who developed a BC during a 12-year follow-up period (2006-2018). The risk factors identified were high breast density (ACR BI-RADS grading)(B vs A: HR 1.41, 95%CI [1.05; 1.9], p=0.023; C vs A: HR=1.65 [1.2; 2.27], p=0.02 ; D vs A: HR=2.11 [1.25;3.58],p=0.006), a history of maternal breast cancer (HR=1.61 [1.24; 2.09], p < 0.001), and socioeconomic difficulties (HR 1.23 [1.09; 1.55], p=0.003). While early menopause (HR=0.36 [0.13; 0.99], p=0.003) and an age at menarche after 12 years (HR=0.77 [0.63; 0.95], p=0.047) were protective factors. We identified 3 groups at risk: lower, average, and higher, respectively. A low threshold was characterized at 1.9% of risk and a high threshold at 4.5%. Mean risks in the 3 groups of risk were 1.37%, 2.68%, and 5.84%, respectively. Thus, 12% of women presented a level of risk different from the average risk group, corresponding to 600,000 women involved in the French organized BC screening, enabling to propose a new strategy for performing an organized and personalized national BC screening.
PNO1 regulates autophagy and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma via the MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Han Zhiqiang , Liu Dongming , Chen Lu , He Yuchao , Tian Xiangdong , Qi Lisha , Chen Liwei , Luo Yi , Chen Ziye , Hu Xiaomeng , Li Guangtao , Zhan Linlin , Wang Yu , Li Qiang , Chen Peng , Liu Zhiyong , Guo Hua 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Some studies have reported that the activated ribosomes are positively associated with malignant tumors, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The RNA-binding protein PNO1, as a critical ribosome has been rarely reported in human tumors. Thus, the roles of PNO1 in HCC should be explored.
Methods

We collected 150 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples and 8 fresh samples to explore the expression and prognosis of PNO1 in HCC by immunohistochemistry, Western Blotting and RT-PCR. Public databases (TCGA and GEO) were used to verify the expression and prognosis. The functions of PNO1 in HCC was verified by in vitro and in vivo experiments. The underlying molecular mechanisms of PNO1 were examined by RNA-seq analysis and a series of functional experiments.
Results

PNO1 expression was considerably higher in HCC tissues and the higher expression of PNO1 was associated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. In vitro experiments indicated that PNO1 overexpression promoted proliferation and depressed apoptosis of HCC cells. In addition, high expression of PNO1 increased autophagy of HCC cells. Consistent results were also observed in vivo experiments. The results of the RNA-seq analysis indicted that PNO1 as an oncogene promoted HCC progression through the MAPK signaling pathway. The results were also verified by in vivo experiments.
Conclusions

PNO1 was overexpressed in HCC, promoted autophagy and inhibited apoptosis of HCC cells via the MAPK signaling pathway.
Exploration of the Mechanism and Active Targets of Chinese Herbal Formula, JTTZ, for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes with Obesity and Hyperlipidemia Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Zhang Haiyu , An Xuedong , Jin De , Tian Jiaxing , Liu Wenke , Zhao Shenghui , Wang Xinmiao , Hu Yeying , Lian Fengmei , Tong Xiaolin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPrevious studies have indicated that the JTTZ formula exhibits clinical benefit in T2D with obesity and hyperlipidemia such as lowering blood glucose, blood lipids, weight, and ameliorating symptoms as well as regulating islet function. However, their mechanism of action remains unclear. T2D with obesity and hyperlipidemia is associated with a severely poor management duo to difficulty in achieving the clinical goals and lack of effective multi-targeted therapies. In this study, we explored its potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets by network pharmacology. MethodsThe active ingredients and targets of JTTZ were obtained in the TCMSP, TCMID, TCM Database@Taiwan, PubChem and Swiss Target Prediction. And the therapeutic targets were searched from TTD, DrugBank Database and DisGeNET. Then, topology analysis were used as secondary screens to identify key hubs of the network. Finally, the data was integrated by Cytoscape software to construct a common network module. PPI networks were visualized to identify the interaction of the candidate targets. GO and KEGG pathway analysis were implemented. Rerult: 110 active compounds and 166 candidate targets of JTTZ against T2D with obesity and hyperlipidemia were obtained to construct compound-targets network. And, the therapeutic targets AKT2, RELA, NFKB1 and GSK3B were identified. GO and KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the biological processes related to inflammatory response, insulin secretion, steroid and bile acid metabolism, and 13 pathways mainly including adipocytokine signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway were enriched. ConclusionOur data established that JTTZ intervenes with adipose tissue dysfunction via regulating to the adipocytokine (leptin and adiponectin), AMPK signaling pathway, cAMP and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, inhibits systematic inflammatory response by NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway, and ameliorates insulin resistance through PI3K/AKT2 pathway, all of which could thus offer a promising therapeutic strategy. In addition, AKT2, RELA, NFKB1 and GSK3B were identified to be regarded as potential therapeutic targets as well.
The Role of mGluR4 Receptors Within the Nucleus Accumbens in the Acquisition and Expression of Morphine-induced Conditioned Place Preference in Male Rats
Authors: Ebrahimi Zahra , Kahvandi Nazanin , Komaki Alireza , Karimi Seyed Asaad , Naderishahab Marzieh , Sarihi Abdolrahman 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Several studies have shown that glutamate neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is required for the development of morphine-induced conditional place preference (CPP). Also, metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) into the NAc play important roles in the reward pathways. However, the precise role of mGluR4 in different steps of the morphine-induced CPP is less well known. In the present study we investigated the effect of bilateral intra-accumbal infusion of VU0155041, as a specific mGluR4 agonist on the acquisition and expression of morphine induced CPP in male Wistar rats. Animals were bilaterally implanted with guide cannulae above the NAc. In the first part of the study, the VU0155041 was administered at doses of 10, 30 and 50 μg/0.5 μL saline per side into the NAc during the 3 days of morphine (5 mg/kg) conditioning (acquisition) phase of morphine-induced CPP. In the next part of the study, the rats bilaterally received VU0155041 at the dose of 50 μg/0.5 μL, 5 min before the post-conditioning test to check the effect of VU0155041 on the expression of morphine-induced CPP. Results: The results showed that the intra-accumbal injection of VU0155041 inhibits the acquisition of morphine-induced CPP in a dose dependent manner, but had no effect on expression Our data indicated that intra-NAc administration of VU0155041 dose-dependently blocks the establishment of morphine-induced CPP and reduces the rewarding properties of morphine.These effects may be related to changes in glutamate activity in the NAC and/or learning dependent mechanism of glutamate neurotransmission in reward pathway(s).
Predominant role of gut-vagus-brain neuronal pathway in postoperative nausea and vomiting: evidence from an observational cohort study
Authors: Li Nana , Liu Lu , Sun Menghan , Wang Ruiliang , Jin Wenjie , Liu Cunming , Hu Youli 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) as a clinically most common postoperative complication requires multimodal antiemetic medications targeting at a wide range of neurotransmitter pathways. Lacking of neurobiological mechanism makes this big little problem still unresolved. We hypothesized that gut-vagus-brain reflex generally considered as one of four typical emetic neuronal pathways is the primary mediator of PONV.
Methods

3223 patients who underwent vagotomy (esophagectomy and gastrectomy) and non-vagotomy surgery (hepatectomy, pulmonary lobectomy and colorectomy) from December 2016 to January 2019 were enrolled. Nausea and intensity of vomiting (mild, < 3 times;severe, ≥ 3 times) was recorded within 24 h after the operation.
Results

In the whole PONV incidence, vagotomy surgeries with vagus nerve trunk resection significantly reduced PONV incidence by approximately 4-fold (from 80.6–19.4%). Multivariate logistic regression result revealed that vagotomy was one of underlying factor that significantly involved in PONV (OR = 0.311; 95% CI, 0.246–0.393). Propensity score matching found that 35.3% patients who underwent vagus nerve trunk resection experienced PONV, while PONV was seen in 60.9% patients undergoing surgeries with intact vagus nerve (P < 0.001). Nausea was reported in 5.9%ཞ8.6% vagotomy and 12ཞ17% non-vagotomy patients. Most vomiting were mild, being approximately 3% in vagotomy and 8ཞ13% in non-vagotomy patients. Sever vomiting was much less experienced in patients undergoing vagotomy (ཞ1%) and non-vagotomy (ཞ3%).
Conclusion

Vagus nerve dependent gut-brain signaling mainly contributes to PONV, highlighting the new approach that modulates vagal activation to alleviate anesthetics and surgical stress-induced nausea and vomiting.
Co-Cultivation of Sake Yeast and Kocuria Isolates From the Sake Brewing Process
Authors: Terasaki Momoka , Inoue Airu , Yoshida Saki , Yamada Masato , Toda Hiroshi , Nishida Hiromi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Kocuria isolates collected from the sake brewing process have inhabited the Narimasa Sake Brewery in Toyama, Japan. To investigate the effect of these actinobacterial isolates on the growth and metabolism of sake yeast, co-cultivation of sake yeast and Kocuria isolates was performed in a medium containing tryptone, glucose, and yeast extract (TGY), and a solution containing koji (steamed rice covered with Aspergillus oryzae) and glucose. In the TGY medium, the ethanol concentration and the number of living cells of each microorganism were measured. In the koji solution, the concentrations of ethanol and organic acids (citric acid, lactic acid, and succinic acid) were measured. The results showed that in TGY media, the growth of each Kocuria isolate in the co-culture of the two Kocuria isolates was similar to that in each monoculture. However, the growth of both Kocuria isolates was inhibited in the co-cultures of sake yeast and Kocuria isolates. On the other hand, the growth and ethanol productivity of sake yeast did not differ between its monoculture and co-cultures with Kocuria isolates. In the koji solution, although the concentration of succinic acid did not differ between the monocultures of sake yeast and co-cultures with Kocuria isolates, the concentrations of citric acid and lactic acid were different, indicating that Kocuria isolates affected the microbial population and/or sake yeast metabolism, but the effects were not identical between the two isolates. This strongly suggests that bacteria inhabiting a sake brewery influence the flavor of sake products of the brewery.
A Large-scale Karyotype Analysis of Genetic Counselors and Fetuses Among Hakka Population in Southern China
Authors: Zhong Hua , Huang Qingyan , Yu Zhikang , Wu Heming 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Karyotype analysis has been used in a clinical cytogenetic laboratory. A retrospective analysis of karyotype analysis in Meizhou area to provide valuable reference for clinical genetic counseling. A retrospective analysis of 5-year data of karyotype analysis from 5,289 peripheral blood samples and 2,882 fetuses between January 2015 and March 2020 in Meizhou area.Results: Chromosomal abnormalities were detected in a total of 392 peripheral blood samples, and the abnormality detection rate (ADR) was 7.41% (392/5,289). The ADR for sex chromosome aneuploidies, autosomal aneuploidies, structural abnormalities and chromosome polymorphisms were 1.29% (68/5,289), 0.72% (38/5,289), 1.55% (82/5,289) and 3.86% (204/5,289). Among cases with chromosomal abnormalities, numerical abnormalities, chromosomal structural abnormalities and chromosome polymorphism accounted for 27.04% (106/392), 20.92% (82/392) and 52.04% (204/392), respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the chromosomal abnormalities rate different types of patients. In addition, chromosomal abnormalities were detected in a total of 307 fetus samples, and the ADR was 10.65% (307/2,882). The ADR for sex chromosome aneuploidies, autosomal aneuploidies, triploid/tetraploid, structural abnormalities and chromosome polymorphisms were 1.70% (49/2,882), 5.45% (157/2,882), 0.14% (4/2,882), 1.39% (40/2,882) and 1.94% (56/2,882). Among fetuses with chromosomal abnormalities, numerical abnormalities, chromosomal structural abnormalities and chromosome polymorphism accounted for 68.40% (210/307), 13.03% (40/307) and 18.24% (56/307), respectively. The chromosomal abnormalities rate was higher than that in non-elderly pregnant women. Abnormal chromosome karyotype detection rate is higher in genetic counselors in Meizhou area.Conclusions: Karyotype analysis has great significance for clinical diagnosis, guide the healthy birth, and improve the quality of the population.
Research on E-commerce Enterprise Customer Segmentation Based on Cluster Analysis-Taking Jingdong Century Trading Co., Ltd as an Example
Authors: Liu Yang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
With the rapid development of many Internet e-commerce companies represented by Alibaba, e.g., Jingdong Mall and Pinduoduo in China, the competition, particularly among them for more customers, has intensified. However, the resources of an enterprise are limited, and it is difficult to serve all customers at the same time. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively classify customers and formulate different marketing strategies based on different customer attributes to serve different types of customers in order to maximize the interests of the enterprise. Based on the research results of the customer segmentation and the cluster analysis by domestic and foreign research scholars, this paper selects the consumption data of the company’s customers based on the actual situation of the Chinese e-commerce company, Jingdong Mall, and uses the K-means clustering algorithm, Kohonen neural network clustering algorithm and the two-step clustering algorithm, as well as the improved K-means clustering algorithm, and other four clustering methods respectively conducted cluster analysis on the company’s customers. Combined with the actual situation of the company, the graphical method and various test methods were used to test the clustering effect. The results show that as compared to the other three algorithms, the two-step clustering algorithm exhibits a better performance in the actual situation and the theoretical test. Then, the customers are divided into five categories, each category is separately analyzed, the characteristics and differences of each category of customers are determined, and different marketing strategies are formulated for the customer groups with different characteristics to provide suggestions for enterprises to differentiate marketing and management in order to achieve the maximum benefits with cost savings.
Evaluating QualiCO: An Ontology to Facilitate Qualitative Methods Sharing to Support Open Science
Authors: Hocker Julian , Bipat Taryn , McDonald David W. , Zachry Mark 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Qualitative science methods have largely been omitted from discussions of open science. Platforms focused on qualitative science that support open science data and method sharing are rare. Sharing and exchanging coding schemas has great potential for supporting traceability in qualitative research as well as for facilitating the re-use of coding schemas. In this study, we describe and evaluate QualiCO, an ontology for qualitative coding schemas. QualiCO is designed to describe a wide range of qualitative coding schemas. Twenty qualitative researchers used QualiCO to complete two coding tasks. In our findings, we present task performance and interview data that focus participants’ attention on the ontology. Participants used QualiCO to complete the coding tasks, decreasing time on task, while improving accuracy, signifying that QualiCO enabled the reuse of qualitative coding schemas. Our discussion elaborates some issues that participants had and highlights how conceptual and prior practice frames their interpretation of how QualiCo can be used.
Tolerability of Duloxetine in the Elderly and in Young Adults: A Protocol and Preliminary Results of a Systematic Review and Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis of Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trials.
Authors: Roy Jean-Charles , Rousseau Chloé , Jutel Alexis , Naudet Florian , Robert Gabriel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDuloxetine is an antidepressant that benefits from a wide range of approval in the elderly population, while its safety for use in the elderly population, compared to younger adults, is not clearly assessed. This protocol outlines a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis comparing the tolerability of duloxetine between elderly and younger adults. MethodsOnly randomised controlled clinical trials, comparing duloxetine to placebo, will be included in this meta-analysis. The studies will be selected if participants were adults of less and more than 65 years old, in conditions of use of duloxetine approved by the European Medical Agency (EMA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The primary outcome will be the rate ratio of serious adverse events under duloxetine compared to placebo, between participants at least 65 years old and younger adults. Second, the number of any adverse events, clinical efficacy and quality of life will be compared between elderly and younger adults under both interventions. The quality of evidence in the tolerability of duloxetine will be assessed using the GRADE system. A two-step random effect meta-analysis will be conducted. Preliminary searches and formal screening of search results against eligibility criteria on have been completed using predefined search term on electronic databases. DiscussionThis study represents the first meta-analysis investigating the safety of duloxetine in the elderly population across all conditions approved by European and American regulatory authorities. The results from this meta-analysis are intended to help prescribers to provide better care for the elderly population.Systematic review registration﻿The protocol has been registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; registration number: CRD42019130488).