bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Inflammatory, Cortisol, and Soreness Responses to Supramaximal Accentuated Eccentric Loading
Authors: Merrigan Justin J. , Jones Margaret T. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Merrigan, JJ and Jones, MT. Acute inflammatory, cortisol, and soreness responses to supramaximal accentuated eccentric loading. J Strength Cond Res 35(2S): S107–S113, 2021—The purpose was to determine differences in time under tension, cortisol, inflammation, and perceived soreness between accentuated eccentric (AEL) and traditional loading (TRA) resistance exercise protocols. Resistance-trained men (n = 21) completed the AEL and TRA protocols in a random order, separated by 48 hours (sets × reps at eccentric/concentric) as follows: AEL65, 3 × 5 at 120/65% 1 repetition maximum (RM); AEL80, 3 × 3 at 120/80% 1RM; TRA65, 3 × 5 at 65/65% 1RM; and TRA80, 3 × 3 at 80/80% 1RM. Four linear position transducers measured eccentric time under tension (ETUT) and total time under tension (TTUT). Ultrasonography measured vastus lateralis muscle thickness and echo intensity at baseline and immediately post-exercise. Salivary cortisol was assessed at baseline, 0-, 15-, 30-, and 60-minute post-exercise. Perceived soreness was assessed at baseline, 24-, and 48-hours post-exercise. During rep 1, AEL65 and AEL80 had longer ETUT and TTUT than TRA65 (p ≤ 0.002) and TRA80 (p ≤ 0.008), respectively. However, AEL65 had shorter ETUT (reps 3–5) and TTUT (reps 3–5) than TRA65 (p ≤ 0.043). Similarly, ETUT (reps 2–3) and TTUT (rep 3) was shorter in AEL80 than TRA80 (p ≤ 0.045). However, there was no protocol effect for ETUT and TTUT (p > 0.05). Muscle thickness changes were trivial after each protocol (AEL80, d = 0.19; TRA80, d = 0.15; AEL65, d = 0.24; TRA65, d = 0.23), but changes in echo intensity were moderate (AEL80, d = 0.61; TRA80, d = 0.61; AEL65, d = 0.61; TRA65, d = 0.76). Salivary cortisol decreased below baseline at 30- and 60-minute post-exercise (p ≤ 0.006). Perceived soreness elevated from baseline to 24 hours for AEL80 (p = 0.006). The inflammatory, cortisol, and soreness responses after AEL were either low or similar to TRA, indicating similar recovery patterns between protocols.
The Acute Effects of Accentuated Eccentric Loading on Drop Jump Kinetics in Adolescent Athletes
Authors: Lloyd Rhodri S. , Howard Shawn W. , Pedley Jason S. , Read Paul J. , Gould Zach I. , Oliver Jon L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lloyd, RS, Howard, SW, Pedley, JS, Read, PJ, Gould, ZI, and Oliver, JL. The acute effects of accentuated eccentric loading on drop jump kinetics in adolescent athletes. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2381–2386, 2022—The purpose of the study was to determine the acute effects of accentuated eccentric loading (AEL) on drop jump kinetics in adolescent athletes. Fifteen male rugby players (mean ± SD: age = 16.2 ± 1.01, body mass = 73.38 ± 9.94, and height = 178.91 ± 6.74) completed 3 trials of a drop jump with and without an accentuated eccentric load using a dumbbell release technique that equated to 15% body mass. The addition of the AEL stimulus resulted in significant, moderate increases in jump height (p < 0.05; Wilcoxon r = 0.47) and braking and propulsive impulse (p < 0.05, Hedges' g = 0.43; p < 0.05, g = 0.61, respectively) but did not significantly influence reactive strength index. Concurrently, there were significant, moderate increases in ground contact times (p < 0.05; r = 0.45) and reductions in spring-like correlations (p < 0.05; g = 0.94). Neither the magnitude nor timing of peak landing force were significantly altered in the AEL protocol (p < 0.05, g = 0.38; p < 0.05, r = 0.10, respectively). Cumulatively, these data indicate that implementation of AEL resulted in meaningful improvements in jump height, driven by significant increases in braking and propulsive impulse. Despite extensions in ground contact times and reductions in spring-like behavior, neither peak landing force nor time to peak force were negatively altered by the AEL. These results indicate that adolescent athletes can realize superior vertical jump heights during drop jumps using AEL, without displaying marked changes in the magnitude or timing of peak landing force.
Un centro de interpretación para el uso social del patrimonio histórico de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Authors: Pinto-Bazurco Mendoza Ricardo 
Published: February 2021

Desde la perspectiva de la gestión del patrimonio cultural se plantea el diseño de un espacio que permita conocer, a todo el público, el patrimonio histórico de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Pues resulta paradójico que la exposición de sus bienes con valor patrimonial, circunscritos a su rica y vasta historia, sea un ámbito casi desconocido por carecer de un espacio físico y/o virtual adecuado, ordenado y organizado para su permanente exhibición. Este patrimonio, en su conjunto, es percibido como objetos lejanos y aislados o, simplemente, desconocidos debido a la falta de una adecuada promoción y divulgación de la importante participación de la institución académica en el proceso de desarrollo de la historia cultural y nacional del Perú.
En tal sentido, es posible plantear un nuevo escenario a través del diseño y desarrollo de un centro de interpretación que promueva el uso social del patrimonio histórico de la UNMSM donde los receptores puedan descubrir, de forma didáctica y tangible, el significado histórico y el valor patrimonial de los bienes culturales que posee la Universidad Decana de América.
A szimbiotikus embertől az egzisztenciálisan fogyatékos emberig
Authors: Farkas Jácint 
Published: February 2021

Összefoglaló. A folyamatban lévő kutatás a fogyatékosság és az
akadálymentesség közismert fogalomtársításait egy többdimenziós filozófiai
hálóba szőve, a tér, a lét és az idő minden irányába igyekszik kiterjeszteni és
neutralizálni. Mindezt azért tartjuk fontosnak és a társadalmunkra nézve
hasznosnak, mert a tudományos és a köznapi diskurzusokban használva, a fenti
fogalompárhoz kapcsolódó értelmezési módok, az esetek túlnyomó többségében,
negatív konnotációt kapnak.
Summary. This paper extends and neutralizes the widely-known
connotations of disability and accessibility towards all the directions of
space, existence and time. This is considered as important and useful for our
society because the interpretations related to these terms carry negative
implications in the majority of cases in scientific and everyday discourses.
Hátrányos és halmozottan hátrányos helyzetű jelentkezők a felsőoktatási felvételi eljárásban
Authors: Proity Péter 
Published: February 2021

Összefoglaló. A 2013 szeptemberében hatályba lépett jogszabályi
változások miatt gyökeresen megváltoztak a hátrányos és halmozottan hátrányos
helyzetű státuszhoz szükséges feltételek. Ezért érdemes megvizsgálni, hogy a
jogszabályváltozás milyen következményekkel járt a felsőoktatási felvételi
eljárásban többletpontot igényelt és abban részesült jelentkezők számára.
Ugyanakkor fontos megjegyezni, hogy nem kizárólag a jogszabályváltozás volt
hatással az arányszámokra, hanem a státusz igazolására benyújtandó dokumentumok
tartalmi és formai kritériumainak változása is. A tanulmány a 2008 és 2018
között lezajlott felsőoktatási felvételi eljárások adatait vizsgálja.
Summary. The conditions of the disadvantage and cumulative
disadvantage have changed radically in September 2013 due to a change in
legislation. Therefore, it is worth examining the effect on the change in
legislation for applicants, who required and received extra points in the higher
education admission procedure. It is important to note, not only due to a change
in legislation influenced ratios, but also the change of the substantive and
formal criteria for submitted documents. The study examines the data of higher
education admission procedures between 2008–2018.
The effect of the detraining period caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the change of direction performance of fencers
Authors: Kosova Sercin , Koca Kosova Merve 
Published: February 2021

Background and Study Aim. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused many athletes to interrupt their regular training programme. The change-of-direction performance is a highly critical parameter for fencing. This study aims to investigate the effects of the detraining process caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the change-of-direction performance of fencers.
Material and Methods. The study sample comprised 15 fencers (11 males, 4 females) who were competitors in the U17-20 age categories (mean age: 15.75±1.51 years; height: 170.30±7.68 cm; weight: 65.16±10.83 kg) in Turkey. All participants were high school students. Branch-specific change-of-direction tests (4-2-2-4-m shuttle and 7-m repeat lunge ability) were measured in the middle of the competition season and after the detraining period. The detraining period lasted 31 weeks due to the pandemic process.
Results. The results showed that participants were slower in the post 7-m repeat lunge ability test (23.32±2.21 sec.) compared with the pre-test (22.38±1.58 sec.) and participants were slower in the post 4-2-2-4-m shuttle test (6.43±0.54 sec.) compared with the pre-test (5.84±0.33 sec.) (p<0.05).
Conclusions. The present study showed that long-term detraining reduces fencer’s change-of-direction performance. Basic exercise programs can be arranged to reduce the rate of adverse effects during long-term detraining process.
Effect of depression among taekwondo students and its relationship with negative events due to COVID-19
Authors: Forghani Ozrudi Mohammadbagher , Faghanpour Somayeh , Gholampour Goli Roghayeh , Podrigalo Leonid 
Published: February 2021

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this research was to examine The effect of depression among taekwondo students and its relationship with negative events due to COVID-19 in Mazandaran University.
Material and Methods. This research was conducted on the appropriate sample of 116 Taekwondo students from Mazandaran university, being 18-24 years old. The applied measure instruments were - Adolescent Perceived Events Scale, Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Confrontation with Stressing Situation Questionnaire, Social Support Questionnaire, Children's Depression Rating Scale-demonstrated satisfactory reliability. The data was processed using descriptive parameters, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and hierarchy regression analysis & SPSS23 software.
Results. Achieved results didn’t show that predictor variables (common automatic thoughts, the sense of general self-efficiency, confrontation strategies and perceived support of family, coach and team peers) are the cause of the common negative events due to COVID-19 and depression relations of Taekwondo students in the middle period of adolescence.
Conclusions. On contrary, the results have emphasized the fact that mutual relations of common negative events and depression of Taekwondo students, in this young category, can be explained using independent variables (unwilling unconscious negative thoughts, confrontation focused on feelings, as well as support of family, coach and team peers).
Assessment of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on emotional and nutritional status of university athletes
Authors: Özen Gökmen , Eskici Günay , Yurdakul Hüseyin Ö. , Koç Hürmüz 
Published: February 2021

Background and Study Aim. The current study was carried out to analyze the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the emotional state and nutritional behavior of university athletes.
Material and Methods. This research was carried out during the first wave of COVID-19 in Turkey. A total of 334 (162 female and 172 male) athletes who are undergraduate students in the faculties of sports sciences of universities participated in the study. Their mean age was 21.46 ± 3.7. The Emotional Eating Scale (EES) was used to determine the nutritional behavior of the participants and The Profile of Mood States (POMS) scale was used to determine their emotional state. The Chi-square and Cross-tabulation tests were used for the statistical analysis of categorical variables. Mann Whitney U test was used for the analysis of continuous variables, and Spearman Sequence Correlation test protocols were used for correlation analysis.
Results. The results of the statistical analysis revealed that there was a significant increase in the amount of fluid consumption of elite athletes. There was a significant relationship between negative mood and emotional eating sub-assessment (p <0.05). However, it was found that there was no significant difference between total and subscale scores of amateur and elite athletes (p >0.05).
Conclusion. As a result of the research, it was seen that elite and amateur athletes did not have a significant difference in emotional eating and mood status, except for the amount of fluid consumption. The increase in negative emotions of university athletes is an important factor that increased their emotional eating behavior.
Where did I come from? Where am I going? Functional influences on visual search fixation duration
Authors: Greene Harold H. , Brown James M. 
Published: February 2021

Real time simulation of visual search behavior can occur only if the control of fixation durations is sufficiently understood. Visual search studies have typically confounded pre- and post-saccadic influences on fixation duration. In the present study, pre- and post-saccadic influences on fixation durations were compared by considering saccade direction. Novel use of a gaze-contingent moving obstructer paradigm also addressed relative contributions of both influences to total fixation duration. As a function of saccade direction, pre-saccadic fixation durations exhibited a different pattern from post-saccadic fixation durations. Post-saccadic fixations were also more strongly influenced by peripheral obstruction than pre-saccadic fixation durations. This suggests that post-saccadic influences may contribute more to fixation durations than pre-saccadic influences. Together, the results demonstrate that it is insufficient to model the control of visual search fixation durations without consideration of pre- and post-saccadic influences.
Eye tracking and visualization. Introduction to the Special Thematic Issue
Authors: Burch Michael , Chuang Lewis L. , Duchowski Andrew , Daniel Weiskopf , Groner Rudolf 
Published: February 2021

There is a growing interest in eye tracking technologies applied to support traditional visualization techniques like diagrams, charts, maps, or plots, either static, animated, or interactive ones. More complex data analyses are required to derive knowledge and meaning from the data. Eye tracking systems serve that purpose in combination with biological and computer vision, cognition, perception, visualization, human-computer-interaction, as well as usability and user experience research. The 10 articles collected in this thematic special issue provide interesting examples how sophisticated methods of data analysis and representation enable researchers to discover and describe fundamental spatio-temporal regularities in the data. The human visual system, supported by appropriate visualization tools, enables the human operator to solve complex tasks, like understanding and interpreting three-dimensional medical images, controlling air traffic by radar displays, supporting instrument flight tasks, or interacting with virtual realities. The development and application of new visualization techniques is of major importance for future technological progress.
Use of eye tracking for assessment of electronic navigation competency in maritime training
Authors: Atik Oguz , Arslan Omer 
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to experiment an assessment method using eye tracking technology in simulator based electronic navigation training of ship officers who play a critical role in maritime accidents. The maritime industry focuses on human factor developing and improving regulations, training requirements and technology to prevent marine casualties. The mandatory use of simulations in maritime training as per international regulations includes competency assessment as a vital process. The study involves capturing and analyzing eye movement data from ship officers with sea experience in simulation exercises for assessing competency. A system including an eye tracking analysis software and eye tracking glasses is used for the study. Inferential and descriptive analysis were both used to validate the results. Significant differences were found between electronic navigation competencies of expert and novice ship officers. The results show that the eye tracking technology is a valuable tool for assessment of electronic navigation competency. Comparing novice and expert ship officers’ data proves that eye tracking provides in-depth data which is not obtainable by the available observation methods used in simulation training. The findings show that eye tracking provides the assessor novel data, such as focus of attention, which enables evaluation of the cognitive process and competency. The study, therefore, contributes to maritime education aiming to improve the effectiveness of simulator based maritime training which is vital for maritime safety. It also contributes to scientific research on eye movement in maritime field by proposing the integration of eye tracking in competency assessment in electronic navigation training as a part of simulation based maritime education.
Improving the pilot selection process by using eye-tracking tools
Authors: Vlačić Slaviša Ivan , Knežević Aleksandar Zdravko , Mandal Saptarshi , Rođenkov Sanja , Vitsas Panos 
Published: February 2021

This paper improves the understanding of the use of eye-tracking tools in the pilot selection process. Research of eye movement and attention distribution of candidate pilots may provide the capability for visual behavior prediction in more demanding flight training phases. The research included psychological testing, flight screening of subjects and their achievements in a flight simulator in combination with an eye-tracking device. Participants were divided into three categories: high performance, average performance, and low performance and separately regarded through psychological testing results and flight screening results. An eye-tracking device tracked visual behavior of subjects through the scope and speed of visual perception. The number of fixations and revisits recorded during the simulated visual flight conditions measured the difference in visual response between subjects. Comparison of results showed a positive correlation with psychological test results. Correlation with flight screening selection was not confirmed. We used the new network-based approach with three target importance measures to overcome the shortcomings of traditional eye movement metrics. The results of the adopted network approach presented in the form of graphs and analysis of normalized importance measures showed that it was possible to extract specific saccade strategy for each participant. Discovered differences between them positively detected week ones. In this way, Eye-tracking tools can potentially improve the pilot selection process and complement other tests and assessment methods.
Dynamics of the disparity vergence fusion sustain component
Authors: Semmlow John L. , Yaramothu Chang , Alvarez Tara L. 
Published: February 2021

The stereotypical vergence response to a step stimulus consists of two dynamic components: a high velocity fusion initiating component followed by a slower component that may mediate sustained fusion. The initial component has been well-studied and is thought to be controlled by an open-loop mechanism. Less is known about the slow, or fusion sustaining component except that it must be feedback controlled to achieve the positional precision of sustained fusion. Given the delays in disparity vergence control, a feedback control system is likely to exhibit oscillatory behavior. Vergence responses to 4 deg step changes in target position were recorded in eight subjects. The slow component of each response was isolated manually using interactive graphics and the frequency spectrum determined. The frequency spectra of all isolated slow vergence movements showed a large low frequency peak between 1.0 and 2.0 Hz and one or more higher frequency components. The higher frequency components were found to be harmonics of the low frequency oscillation. A feedback model of the slow component was developed consisting of a time delay, an integral/derivative controller and an oculomotor plant based on Robinson’s model. Model simulations showed that a direction dependent asymmetry in the derivative element was primarily responsible for the higher frequency harmonic components. Simulations also showed that the base frequencies are primarily dependent on the time delay in the feedback control system. The fact that oscillatory behavior was found in all subjects provides strong support that the slow, fusion sustaining component is mediated by a feedback system.
Hearing in a world of light: why, where, and how visual and auditory information are connected by the brain
Authors: Groh Jennifer M. 
Published: February 2021

Keynote by Jenny Groh (Duke University) at the 20th European Conference on Eye Movement Research (ECEM) in Alicante, 19.8.2019
Video stream: https://vimeo.com/356576513
Abstract:
Information about eye movements with respect to the head is required for reconciling visual and auditory space. This keynote presentation describes recent findings concerning how eye movements affect early auditory processing via motor processes in the ear (eye movement-related eardrum oscillations, or EMREOs). Computational efforts to understand how eye movements are factored in to auditory processing to produce a reference frame aligned with visual space uncovered a second critical issue: sound location is not mapped but is instead rate (meter) coded in the primate brain, unlike visual space. Meter coding would appear to limit the representation of multiple simultaneous sounds. The second part of this presentation concerns how such a meter code could use fluctuating activity patterns to circumvent this limitation
Idiosyncratic Feature-Based Gaze Mapping
Authors: Blignaut Pieter 
Published: February 2021

It is argued that polynomial expressions that are normally used for remote, video-based, low cost eye tracking systems, are not always ideal to accommodate individual differences in eye cleft, position of the eye in the socket, corneal bulge, astigmatism, etc. A procedure to identify a set of polynomial expressions that will provide the best possible accuracy for a specific individual is proposed. It is also proposed that regression coefficients are recalculated in real-time, based on a subset of calibration points in the region of the current gaze and that a real-time correction is applied, based on the offsets from calibration targets that are close to the estimated point of regard.It was found that if no correction is applied, the choice of polynomial is critically important to get an accuracy that is just acceptable. Previously identified polynomial sets were confirmed to provide good results in the absence of any correction procedure. By applying real-time correction, the accuracy of any given polynomial improves while the choice of polynomial becomes less critical. Identification of the best polynomial set per participant and correction technique in combination with the aforementioned correction techniques, lead to an average error of 0.32° (sd = 0.10°) over 134 participant recordings.The proposed improvements could lead to low-cost systems that are accurate and fast enough to do reading research or other studies where high accuracy is expected at framerates in excess of 200 Hz.