bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Relevant Biomarkers in Mercury Exposed Clam Venerupis philippinarum.
Authors: Li Chenghua , Jin Chunhua , Zhang Weiwei , Zhang Ran , Chen Xiaocong , Zhang Anguo 
Published: February 2021

This study assessed the impact of four different concentrations (2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 μg/L) of mercury exposure on Manila clam Venerupis philippinarum based on the dynamic characteristics of antioxidant related enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total glutathione content, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content at 24 h and 48 h post exposure. The results showed that hemocyte SOD activity was inhibited while GR hemocyte activity significantly increased in the 2.5 μg/L group after 24 h. Hemocyte ALP activity and (GSH) content were also elevated at the 7.5 μg/L and 10 μg/L groups when exposed for 24 h, respectively. SOD activity, GR activity, ALP activity and GSH content in the hemocytes were relatively sensitive to different concentrations of mercuric mercury (Hg2+), suggesting that they may act as potential biomarkers in assessing environmental mercury exposure on Venerupis philippinarum. At different levels of exposure, antioxidant parameters showed differing responses in gill tissue, but no biomarkers were discovered in the samples examined. We found that hemocytes are more suitable biomarkers than proteins in gill tissue. Some hemocyte biomarkers are promising candidates for monitoring mercury pollution in marine clams.
Deposition of light-absorbing particles in glacier snow of the Sunderdhunga Valley, the southern forefront of the central Himalayas
Authors: Svensson Jonas , Ström Johan , Honkanen Henri , Asmi Eija , Dkhar Nathaniel B. , Tayal Shresth , Sharma Ved P. , Hooda Rakesh , Leppäranta Matti , Jacobi Hans-Werner , Lihavainen Heikki , Hyvärinen Antti 
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Anthropogenic activities on the Indo-Gangetic Plain emit vast amounts of
light-absorbing particles (LAPs) into the atmosphere, modifying the atmospheric radiation state. With transport to the nearby Himalayas and deposition to its surfaces the particles contribute to glacier melt and snowmelt via darkening of the highly reflective snow. The central Himalayas have been identified as a region where LAPs are especially pronounced in glacier snow but still remain a region where measurements of LAPs in the snow are scarce. Here we study the deposition of LAPs in five snow pits sampled in 2016 (and one from 2015) within 1 km from each other from two glaciers in the Sunderdhunga Valley, in the state of Uttarakhand, India, in the central Himalayas. The snow pits display a distinct enriched LAP layer interleaved by younger snow above and older snow below. The LAPs exhibit a
distinct vertical distribution in these different snow layers. For the
analyzed elemental carbon (EC), the younger snow layers in the different
pits show similarities, which can be characterized by a deposition constant
of about 50 µg m−2 mm−1 snow water equivalent (SWE), while the old-snow layers also indicate similar values, described by a deposition constant of roughly 150 µg m−2 mm−1 SWE. The enriched LAP layer, contrarily, displays no similar trends between the pits. Instead, it is characterized by very high amounts of LAPs and differ in orders of magnitude for concentration between the pits. The enriched LAP layer is likely a result of strong melting that took place during the summers of 2015 and 2016, as well as possible lateral transport of LAPs. The mineral dust fractional absorption is slightly below 50 % for the young- and old-snow layers, whereas it is the dominating light-absorbing constituent in the enriched LAP layer, thus, highlighting the importance of dust in the region. Our results indicate the problems with complex topography in the Himalayas but, nonetheless, can be useful in large-scale assessments of LAPs in Himalayan snow.
INTERNAÇÕES POR DIARREIA EM CRIANÇAS MENORES DE CINCO ANOS
Authors: Brito Leandro Cardozo dos Santos , Pacheco Haylla Simone Almeida , Nascimento Bianca Stéfany Aguiar , Sousa Walana Érica Amâncio , Melo Ariel De Sousa , Conceição Hayla Nunes da , Carvalho Izabel Cristina Da Silva , Moreira Rômulo Dias 
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: descrever as características epidemiológicas das internações hospitalares por doenças diarreicas agudas em crianças menores de cinco anos de idade no estado do Piauí. Método: estudo quantitativo, descritivo, ecológico, de séries temporais, sobre internações hospitalares por doenças diarreicas agudas em crianças menores de cinco anos, ocorridas no estado do Piauí entre 2010 e 2019. Os dados foram coletados através do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares e analisados por meio da estatística descritiva. Resultados: foram observadas 21.805 internações hospitalares por doenças diarreicas em menores de 5 anos, entre os anos de 2010 a 2019 no Piauí. As internações foram mais prevalentes na faixa etária entre 1 e 4 anos (76,9%), no sexo masculino (52,3%) e na cor parda (52,5%). Picos foi a cidade com mais internações do Piauí (11,4%) e o mês de janeiro foi o que apresentou o maior número de casos (12%). Conclusão: o número de internações hospitalares diminuiu consideravelmente ao longo dos últimos dez anos, contudo, é necessário a adoção de cuidados redobrados principalmente no período chuvoso.
ANALISIS KECEPATAN DAN KELENTURAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUANDRIBBLING PEMAIN SEPAK BOLA SSB PUTRA LINTAS
Authors: Mori Saputra Deka Ismi , Putra Ikhsan Maulana 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
This study was based on the background of weak ball possession or the dribbling speed of the Putra Lintas soccer player so that it could not be controlled properly and the ball was released from control and made it easier for the opponent to grab the ball. In addition, players who do not have good speed appear sluggish in dribbling the ball and players who do not have good flexibility look stiff and often have collisions with opponents which cause injury to the player himself.
The research method belongs to the type of research that is descriptive. Analysis using a quantitative approach aims to determine and analyze the speed and flexibility of the dribbling abilities of soccer players. The independent variable is speed (X1) and flexibility (X2), while the dependent variable is the dribbling ability of the SSB Putra Lintas Muara Bungo soccer player (Y). The results showed that speed made a significant contribution to the Dribbling Ability of SSB Putra Lintas soccer players by 42.1% .2. Then Flexibility made a significant contribution to the Dribbling Ability of SSB Putra Lintas soccer players by 16.4% .3. Speed ​​and Flexibility together provide significant contributions to Dribbling Ability by 16.1%.

Key words: Analysis; Speed; Flexibility; Dribbling; Soccer
Of the Lands That Lay North of Late Ottoman Beersheba
Authors: Eisenberg-Degen Davida , Hevroni Avishay Levi 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Archaeological excavations conducted north of Beersheba bring to light Late Ottoman- and British Mandate-period structures, cisterns, and terraces. The use of the land, existing ruins, and unique building style help identify two distinct populations that migrated to the region. The architecture and land use differ between the two populations, though the material finds, consisting primarily of Gaza Ware, are similar. The Negev Highland Bedouin are identified by ephemeral sites. When they construct structures, these maintain principles found within the Bedouin tent. In addition, the Negev Highland Bedouin often maintain existing cisterns while structures may make use of existing ruins. The second settlement plan is attributed to Arabs from the Southern Judean desert, who often hewed into the mountain sides.
O arquivista como mediador da informação e sua intervenção para a tomada de decisão: um estudo de caso no escritório de contabilidade CONPOR
Authors: Ramos Victor De Souza , Santos Raquel Do Rosário , Jesus Ingrid Paixão de 
Published: February 2021

Introdução: A mediação da informação realizada pelo arquivista no escritório de contabilidade, auxiliando os contadores para as tomadas de decisões é o tema deste trabalho. Objetivo: Analisar quais os fatores que contribuem para que o arquivista de um escritório de contabilidade medeie à informação e auxilie o contador nas tomadas de decisões. Metodologia: Foi adotada a técnica de observação direta sistemática para mapear e descrever as atividades desenvolvidas pelo arquivista no escritório contábil, bem como identificar elementos de ambiência que favorecem o processo de mediação da informação, para isso, esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir do estudo de caso realizado no escritório de contabilidade Conpor. Aplicou-se também um questionário junto aos contadores do escritório, no intuito de verificar a existência do processo de intervenção do arquivista na tomada de decisão do contador. Resultados: Entre as ações de maior visibilidade que identificam o arquivista como mediador da informação em um ambiente contábil está às atividades técnicas, bem como à ambiência e à comunicação estabelecida entre o arquivista e os contadores.Conclusão: É preciso que o arquivista busque ser percebido na instituição contábil como um profissional que agrega valor às tomadas de decisões por meio da mediação direta e indireta da informação.
Software livre como alternativa de inovação na gestão dos serviços de biblioteca: a experiência do NIB do CBPF
Authors: Silva Fátima Santana da , Ottoni Heloísa Maria , Silva Rita Miryam Leme 
Published: February 2021

RESUMOIntrodução: Discute-se a utilização de software livre como alternativa de inovação na gestão dos serviços de biblioteca. É resultado de uma das etapas de trabalho da equipe do NIB. Apresenta-se um breve estudo teórico sobre a aplicabilidade dos softwares proprietário e livre em bibliotecas e o resultado de pesquisa exploratória. Objetivo: Investigar tanto o desempenho do sistema de gestão de informação das bases de dados da biblioteca do NIB, hoje o sistema proprietário Pergamum, quanto o padrão de satisfação de bibliotecas com seus sistemas de gestão de informação. A motivação foi identificar um sistema que oferecesse mais autonomia que o atual, de modo que seja possível adequá-lo às necessidades emergentes da comunidade da física. Metodologia: Foram desenvolvidos dois tipos de pesquisa, uma teórica sobre software livre e proprietário e outra exploratória para esclarecer sobre a utilização de SIGB em bibliotecas brasileiras. Dados foram levantados a partir de pesquisa na literatura, contatos informais e aplicação de questionário. Resultados: Surge a opção de solução open-source, apesar de sistemas proprietários terem 100% de aceitação entre clientes, com algumas ressalvas. Os três sistemas free mais bem avaliados foram: Koha (26,2%), BibLivre e PHL (21,05%, ambos). Conclusões: Estudos feitos pelo NIB a partir de 2019 apontam que o sistema Koha atenderia às necessidades de inovação na gestão dos serviços da biblioteca. A próxima etapa de trabalho do NIB prevê a criação de bases de dados de teste para viabilizar a implantação do Koha e procedimentos operacionais para garantir a segurança à possível migração dos dados.
Time to Complete Legacy Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Patients with Lumbar Decompression
Authors: Cha Elliot D. K. , Lynch Conor P. , Mohan Shruthi , Geoghegan Cara E. , Jadczak Caroline N. , Singh Kern 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:
Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are used to capture the true extent of postoperative improvement. Use of lengthier and repetitive PROMs can increase question burden on patients. This study aims to determine whether the length of time to complete (TTC) legacy PROMs has an impact on scores after lumbar decompression.

Methods:
A surgical database was retrospectively reviewed for patients who underwent primary, single-level lumbar decompression from 2013 to 2020. Demographic and perioperative characteristics were collected. Physical function (PF) was measured by 12-Item Short Form (SF-12), 12-Item Veterans RAND (VR-12), and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and was collected preoperatively and postoperatively. TTC was calculated as the difference between start and ending times for each instance of survey completion. Improvements for PROMs and comparison of TTC between SF-12/VR-12 and PROMIS PF were evaluated using a t-test. Correlation between TTC and PROM scores was evaluated using the Pearson correlation. Impact of TTC on postoperative PROM scores was evaluated using linear regression.

Results:
A total of 216 patients, of which 68.1% were men, were included with a mean age of 45.8 years. Mean postoperative TTC for SF-12 and VR-12 was significantly longer than preoperative values (all P < 0.05). No notable difference in TTC was demonstrated for PROMIS PF. TTC PROMIS PF was significantly shorter than SF-12 and VR-12 from 12 weeks through 1 year (all P < 0.050). A low-strength negative correlation of TTC with SF-12 and VR-12 was observed at the preoperative, 6-week and 1-year timepoint whereas PROMIS PF had a low-strength positive correlation with TTC preoperatively and at 6 months (all P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Time spent completing PROMIS PF did not markedly differ postoperatively, but SF-12 and VR-12 required a longer TTC than PROMIS PF. Although insightful to patient improvement, SF-12 and VR-12 may increase the question burden placed on patients to complete surveys in a timely manner.
Quality and Content of Internet-Based Information for Osteoporosis and Fragility Fracture Diagnoses
Authors: Wally Meghan K. , Bemenderfer Thomas , McKnight R. Randall , Gorbaty Jacob D. , Jeray Kyle , Seymour Rachel B. , Karunakar Madhav A. 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:
We aimed to assess the quality and content of websites addressing orthopaedic conditions affecting older adults, emphasizing osteoporosis and fragility fracture.

Methods:
Ten diagnoses were chosen. The transparency of information was assessed via the Health On the Net (HON) score; information content was assessed via diagnosis-specific grading templates. A total of 140 websites (14 per diagnosis) were reviewed by three raters. HON scores and information quality were compared by diagnosis, website type, and website source. The correlation between HON score and information quality score was calculated.

Results:
Most websites were commercial (59.3%). Cronbach alpha for Hall scores exceeded the a priori threshold of 0.7. Analysis proceeded using averages across raters. HON score was significantly associated with higher content scores (r = 0.56; P < 0.0001). Content scores ranged from 21.1 to 59.4. Content scores differed significantly by diagnosis (P = 0.0008) and website source (P < 0.0001).

Discussion:
The quality and content of websites is highly variable for osteoporosis and fragility fracture diagnoses. Patients should be encouraged to access reputable sites, including sites displaying a HON seal. Academic and medical specialty societies demonstrate opportunity for improvement of their own websites and might be able to lead efforts to increase accessibility of high-quality content.
Complications and Survivorship of Distal Humeral Allograft Reconstruction After Tumor Resection: Literature Review and Case Series
Authors: Kamalapathy Pramod , Shah Akash , Raskin Kevin , Schwab Joseph H. , Lozano-Calderón Santiago A. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Primary bone sarcomas of the proximal humerus represent most bone sarcomas in the upper extremity. However, limited literature exists on the survival and complications of distal humeral allograft reconstruction because of the relative rarity of disease at the distal end.

Methods:
We performed a literature review in PubMed and EMBASE using the terms“Humerus,””Distal,” “Allograft,” and “Reconstruction” to include all the patients with distal humeral reconstructions. In addition, a retrospective review of all patients who underwent distal humerus tumor resection and allograft reconstruction at our tertiary care center over a 23-year period was performed.

Results:
Fourteen patients in four different case series have been reported previously with an allograft survival rate of 86%. Thirty-six percent of patients experienced complications, most commonly nonunion (3) and allograft subluxation (2). In a retrospective review at our institution, six met the inclusion criteria and were found to have similar complications.

Conclusion:
Based on our experience and the review of the literature, nonunions are the most frequent complication and junctional fractures are the most common cause of revision of allografts in this location. Larger sample studies are required to identify potential correctable predictors of these complications. In addition, complications should be correlated with functional outcome data.
Staphylococcus aureus and Dairy Udder
Authors: Islam Aqib Amjad , Ijaz Muhammad , Shoaib Muhammad , Muzammil Iqra , Iftikhar Hussain Hafiz , Zaheer Tean , Ahmed Rais , Sarwar Iqra , Razzaq Khan Yasir , Aamir Naseer Muhammad 
Published: February 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is a major causative agent of intra-mammary infections in dairy animals with potential virulence of surface components, toxins, and extracellular enzymes. About 74% quarter prevalence of S. aureus in bovine udder with overall prevalence exceeding 61% in dairy animals. About 17 different serotypes of dairy originated S. aureus have been reported with 24 virulence coding genes for leukocidins (lukED/lukM), pyrogenic toxin super antigen (PTSAg), haemolysins (hla-hlg), toxic-shock syndrome toxin (tst), enterotoxins (sea-seo, seu), exfoliative toxins (eta, etb), and genes for methicillin (mecA) and penicillin (blaZ) resistance. Attainment of refuge inside the macrophages and neutrophils is a major cause of S. aureus mastitis persistence. Mammary prebiotics and probiotics are recently being used as alternatives to antibiotic for the prevention of mastitis. Literature showed anti- staphylococcus vaccines with different results depending upon types of immunization, route of administration and adjuvant used. Studies has shown that herd specific as well as commercial S. aureus vaccines reduce new infections in dairy animals. Experiments are still in progress for the use of vaccines against S. aureus mastitis with optimal efficacy and reliability. Perhaps, there might be bright future because of highly satisfactory trial results of mastitis vaccines in the lab animals.
İnguinal herni onarımında USG eşliğinde TAP blok, USG eşliğinde yara yeri infiltrasyonu ve intravenöz deksketoprofenin preemptif uygulanmasının postoperatif analjezik etkinliklerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: SALIK Fikret 
Published: February 2021

Öz
Amaç: İnguinal herni onarımlarında ideal postoperatif analjezi yöntemi halen tartışma konusudur. Bu çalışmada, kasık fıtığı onarımlarında preemptif olarak uyguladığımız farklı analjezik yöntemlerin postoperatif analjezik etkinliğini karşılaştırmayı amaçladık.
Yöntemler: Bu çalışma prospektif olarak dizayn edildi. Çalışmaya spinal anestezi eşliğinde elektif inguinal herni onarımı yapılan 18-75 yaş arası hastalar alındı. 120 hasta cerrahi insizyondan önce uygulanan analjezik yönteme göre üç gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1: USG kılavuzluğunda Transversus abdominis plan bloğu (n = 40), Grup 2: USG kılavuzluğunda lokal anestezik infiltrasyon (n = 40) ve Grup 3 intravenöz deksketoprofen (n = 40). Postoperatif 24 saat boyunca ortalama tramadol tüketim miktarı ve kurtarıcı analjezik ihtiyacı olan hasta sayısı kaydedildi. Hastaların 30. dakika. 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, ve 24. saat VAS skorları analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Postoperatif ortalama tramadol tüketimi gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak benzerdi [Grup 1: 22.5±57.6 mg; Grup 2: 20±51.6 mg; Grup 3: 27.5±59.8 (p=0.833)]. Kurtarıcı analjezik ihtiyacı olan hasta sayısı istatistiksel olarak benzerdi ( p=0.787). 30.dk, 1, 2, 4, 8. ve 12. saatlerdeki VAS skorları Grup 1’de diğer gruplara göre istatistiksel olarak daha düşük saptandı (p değerleri sırasıyla 0.003, 007, 0013, 0049, 0015, 0021). Grup 1’de 30.dk ve 2. saatteki VAS skorları Grup 2’ye göre daha düşük saptandı (p değerleri sırasıyla 0.049, 0.037). Aynı zamanda 30.dk, 1, 2, 8. ve 12. saatlerdeki VAS skorları Grup 1’de Grup 3’e göre daha düşük tespit edildi (p değerleri sırasıyla 0.003, 0.006, 0.021, 0.017, 0.016). Tüm saatlerdeki VAS skorları Grup 2 ile Grup 3 arasında istatistiksel olarak benzer bulundu.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, inguinal herni onarımlarında postoperatif analjezi amacıyla preemptif olarak transversus abdominis plan bloğu, lokal anestezik ilaç infiltrasyonu veya intravenöz deksketoprofenin postoperatif tramadol tüketim miktarı ve kurtarıcı analjezik ihtiyacı olan hasta sayısı üzerine etkilerinin benzer olduğunu gösterdik. Ancak transversus abdominis plan bloğu, postoperatif ilk 24 saatte daha düşük VAS skorları ve daha fazla sayıda hastada mükemmel analjezi sağlamaktadır.
The reasons for conversion from laparoscopic appendectomy to open surgery in children: the first experience on 100 cases in a single center
Authors: KARAKAYA Ali Erdal 
Published: February 2021

Objective: This study aimed to discuss the reasons for conversion in light of the literature and reduce any unnecessary conversion to open procedure, according to our clinic's results during the learning curve.
Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 100 patients who had a laparoscopic appendectomy in our clinic between September 2014 and August 2019. The patients who had a laparoscopic appendectomy were evaluated for conversion to open procedure by reviewing the age, gender, white blood cell count (WBC), and surgical findings (location of the appendix, perforation status, peritonitis). Laparoscopy was performed through two ports.
Results: The age average of 100 patients, including 63 males who have undergone a laparoscopic appendectomy, was 10.86 ± 3.78 years. The laparoscopic technique was converted to open in nine children. WBC ratio of the patients was significantly higher in converted procedures. Among the procedures converted to open appendectomy, three patients presented retrocecal appendix placement; two patients presented retrocecal placement and perforation and diffuse peritonitis; three patients presented perforation and diffuse peritonitis, and one patient presented uncontrolled bleeding.
Conclusion: The use of laparoscopic appendectomy has just increased in Pediatric Surgery clinics along with some factors that affect the conversion to open procedure. WBC ratio was significantly higher in converted procedures. When study results are reviewed from this perspective, perforation, diffuse peritonitis, and the appendix's retrocecal location are the most significant independent indicators for conversion from laparotomic procedure to open procedure.