bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A functional drink based on reconstituted whey powder and a triple chelate complex of the essential trace element zinc
Authors: Kostenko K. V. , Blinov A. V. , Poydun Ph. A. , Pirogov M. A. , Serov A. M. , Rebezov M. B. 
Published: December 2024

In this work, a functional drink was obtained based on reconstituted dry whey and a triple chelate complex of the essential trace element zinc. The synthesis was carried out by mechanically mixing 3-pyridinecarboxamide, L-lysine monohydrochloride, barium hydroxide 8-aqueous and zinc sulfate 7-aqueous with the addition of 30 ml of distilled water. Next, the absorption spectrum of the sample was obtained, using which the maximum of the absorption band of the triple chelate complex (λ = 260 nm) was determined. At the next stage, computer quantum-chemical modeling was carried out, as a result of which it was determined that the interaction of the essential trace element zinc with 3-pyridinecarboxamide and L-lysine occurs through the secondary amino group and carboxyl group and through the carboxyl group and α-amino group, respectively. Then, optimization of the synthesis technique of the triple chelate complex was carried out. Using neural network data processing, it was found that the optimal concentrations of the components are: C (ZnSO4) = 0.376 mol/l, C (C6H5NO2) = 0.545 mol/l, C (C6H14N2O2) = 0.528 mol/l.Next, a functional milk drink was obtained containing 7.5% whey, 7.5% molasses and 0.13 ml of the complex. Then the drink was subjected to ultrasonic treatment with different amplitudes. Then, titratable acidity, electrical conductivity, pH, antioxidant activity and average hydrodynamic radius were studied. As a result, it was found that when adding a triple chelate complex to the functional milk drink, as well as at the maximum amplitude of ultrasound treatment, an increase in titratable acidity, electrical conductivity, antioxidant activity and a decrease in the average hydrodynamic radius are observed, which allows us to conclude that the use of the complex is beneficial, as well as conducting ultrasound treatment with maximum amplitude. At the next stage, an organoleptic assessment of the resulting functional drink was carried out, as a result of which it was found that for implementation in dairy industry enterprises, it is recommended to use a sample enriched with a chelate zinc complex, which was subjected to ultrasound treatment with maximum amplitude.
Effects of experimental infection with Trichinella spiralis larvae and Trichinella products on embryonic development of rats
Authors: Konovalova G. V. , Koveshnikova E. I. , Novik T. S. , Chukina S. I. 
Published: December 2024

Relevance. The aim of the research is to study the effect of experimental infection of T. spiralis and trichinella products on the embryonic development of rats.Methods. The experiment was conducted on 3 experimental groups of rats with corresponding controls. The effect of chronic trichinella invasion of various durations (40–60 days and 6–8 months) on the embryonic development of rats was studied in rats of groups 1 and 2. The effect of T. spiralis protein extract on the embryonic development of fetuses from rats, which were intraperitoneally injected with the test product during the critical periods of embryogenesis (4th, 11th and 16th days), was studied on animals of the 3rd group.Results. The negative effects of Trichinella infection on development of fetuses were detected only in rats on 40–60 days post infection. A statistically significant increase in average number of resorptions, postimplantation and total embryonic mortality were noted. The preimplantation mortality rates did not differ from the control value. Three fetuses with malformations as edema were detected. However, there were no internal anomalies. When assessing the development of fetuses from rats with Trichinella chronic infection with longer duration (6–8 months) the fetus death rates were comparable to the control ones. No fetuses with external or internal malformations were detected.The tested protein preparation did not show negative effects on the development of embryos. In all variants of the experiment no pathology of skeletal system rudiments was noted.
The effect of feed additives of domestic production on the intestinal health of laying hens
Authors: Kochish I. I. , Myasnikova O. V. , Motin M. S. 
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of studying the effect of various feed additives — adsorbent “Mustala” based on the mineral shungite (LLC “Nadvoitsky plant TDM” Purecarelia, Russia), prebiotic “Vetelact” (LLC “NVTS Agrovetzashchita”, Russia), probiotic “Profort” and phytobiotic “Intebio” (LLC “Biotrof”, Russia); enzyme preparation “Fidbest R” (ACCORDING to Sibbiopharm, Russia). Two series of experiments were conducted in vivarium conditions. In the first experiment, the effect of the “Vetelact” prebiotic and the “Mustala” sorbent was compared with the control, and in the second, the effect of three drugs: the “Profort” probiotic, the “Intebio” phytobiotic, and the “Feedbest R” enzyme supplement. Further, the evaluation of the “Vetelact” prebiotic was carried out in the conditions of industrial chicken keeping — at the poultry farm of LLC «Poultry Farm “Lindovskaya” — breeding plant» of the Nizhny Novgorod region.The use of probiotics, as a rule, leads to an increase in the number of one or two types of beneficial microflora, since it contains one or more strains of beneficial microorganisms. In this study, when testing the probiotic “Profort” in the microbiota of blind processes, an increase in lactobacilli was observed, their content increased by more than 2.5 times. Prebiotics contain nutrients for microorganisms and can stimulate the growth of several species at once. In the study, when using the “Vetelact” prebiotic, an increase in bifidobacteria and lactobacilli was noted — by 42.9% and 14.6%, respectively. Drugs that are not intended to directly affect the microbiota, such as sorbents, enzymes, and phytobiotics, have an indirect effect on the microbial profile, which does not always have a positive effect. Thus, the addition of the feed enzyme “Feedbest R” led to an increase in the number of lactobacilli in the microbiota by 4 times, and the sorbent “Mustala” led to a decrease in the number of lactobacilli by 2.3 times.
Comparison of the exterior profile of the Russian White and Tsarskoye Selo chicken breeds
Authors: Larkina T. A. , Vakhrameev A. B. , Stanishevskaya O. I. , Fedorova E. S. , Dementieva N. V. , Shcherbakov Yu. S. , Pozovnikova M. V. 
Published: December 2024

Today, poultry farming is a highly efficient branch of animal husbandry, and the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus) is the most common type of farm animals. Significant changes in the exterior of chickens reflect the acquired biological characteristics of the bird and are closely related to the formed direction of productivity. The article is devoted to the comparison of the exterior profiles of two domestic chicken breeds of different productivity directions: Russian White (egg), Tsarskoye Selo (meat and egg). Exterior assessment occupies an important place in the grading of breeding poultry.As a result of the study, it was revealed that the body structure of Tsarskoye Selo chickens meets the requirements of a heavy bird with good meat qualities. In comparison with Tsarskoye Selo chickens, Russian White chickens have a more developed abdominal part, in which the egg-forming organs are located. This is confirmed by a significantly smaller difference in the pelvic width (only 0.81 cm). In addition, the Russian White breed of chickens had a high index of legginess — 53.5, compared to the index value of 21.1 for the Tsarskoye Selo breed. The index of latitudinal proportionality for the Tsarskoye Selo breed of chickens is 2 times higher (94.0), which also indicates its productivity direction (meat and egg). Detailing and specifying breeds according to exterior indicators helps in approving new breeding forms of the State Commission of the Ministry of Agriculture.
English Teaching Centered on the Application of Learning Styles Perceived in Academic Contexts
Authors: Hashim Dr. Nadhim Madhloom 
Published: December 2024

الخلاصة
تستكشف هذه الدراسة تأثير أساليب التعلم (VARK) وأثرها على تحصيل الطالب في لغة الهدف. الغرض الأساسي من التدريس هو تمكين الطلاب من اعتماد أساليب التعلم المختلفة لتحسين مهاراتهم اللغوية. لذلك، يمكن للمعلمين استخدام VARK لاستيعاب تفضيلات التعلم المتنوعة لطلابهم عند تدريس أنشطة اللغة الإنكليزية في بيئة رسمية. وأظهرت الدراسة وجود معاملات ارتباط بين إتقان اللغة الإنكليزية وتفضيلات أسلوب التعلم، وتحديداً أساليب التعلم البصري والسمعي لطلاب المرحلة الإعدادية، إيجابية للغاية. إحصائية اختبار مربع كاي للنموذج المرئي هي c2= 193.37, p <‎0.05 ، والنموذج السمعي هوc2= 182.70, p <‎0.05 بالإضافة إلى ذلك، فإنه يوضح أنه من بين إجمالي 64 مشاركًا، استحوذ نموذج التفضيل الفردي على درجة التقييم الأكثر أهمية (M=3.22، SD=.863)، والذي يضم 39.1% من العينة. في المقابل، تشير النتائج إلى عدم وجود تمييز ذو دلالة إحصائية بين المشاركين من الذكور والإناث فيما يتعلق بمرجع تفضيل الجنس في VARK، p<0.05. يجب أن يمتلك المعلمون فهمًا متعمقًا لأساليب التعلم المفضلة لطلابهم لتطوير موارد التدريس التي تسهل التعلم السريع والفعال للطلاب. علاوة على ذلك، يبدو أن كلا من الطلاب والمعلمين يتبنون بسهولة فكرة أساليب التعلم، مما يعزز الاستخدام الفعلي لقياس أسلوب التعلم في إعدادات الفصل الدراسي لتحديد مجالات الطلاب التي تواجه صعوبة محددة في عملية التعلم.
الكلمات المفتاحية: أساليب التعلم، تفضيلات الطالب، التعلم الإدراكي، الجنس
الجنرال هنري غورو ونشاطه العسكري والسياسي في بلاد الشام 1867-1946
Authors: م. م رائد وليد طالب  
Published: December 2024

هو هنري جوزيف أوجين غورو ولد في باريس في 17 تشرين الثاني عام 1867، أسرته مكونة من ستة ابناء كان هنري أكبرهم، تخرج من الكلية العسكرية سان سير عام 1888م، ثم رقي إلى رتبة عقيد في عام 1907، ثم نقل إلى المغرب عام 1910، بطلب من المارشال ليوتي، ومنه تعلم فن المكر والخداع، فكان هنري جوزيف أوجين غورو ولد في باريس في عام 1867، من أسرة مكونة من ستة ساعده الأيمن، ثم حل مكانه لتوطيد الحماية الفرنسية في المغرب، وفي عام 1915 عين قائداً للجيش الفرنسي الرابع فقد كان على رأس الحملة الفرنسية التي اشتركت في معارك الدردنيل خلال الحرب العالمية الاولى, فأصيب بشظية قنبلة أفقدته ذراعه اليمنى فقضى حياته بذراع واحدة، عاد إلى مراكش عام 1917 بصفته مقيم، وفي العام نفسه صد بمناورة عسكرية هجوماً ألمانياً ، فوصفه رئيس الوزراء الفرنسي بـ«الجندي العظيم» وكان ذلك وراء تعيينه مفوضاً سامياً على سورية في عام 1918م.
يعد الجنرال هنري غورو من الشخصيات المهمة في التاريخ سواء كان التاريخ الفرنسي او التاريخ العربي, وذلك لما له من دور بارز في قيادة الجيوش الفرنسية نحو البلاد العربية دمشق وتطبيق السياسة الفرنسية في بلاد الشام, فضلاً عن دوره في القضاء على المقاومة العربية في بلاد الشام التي تمثلت في حكومة الملك فيصل بن الشريف حسين, والمعارضة الشعبية من جانب اخر, واستطاع بفعل دهاء وحنكته ان يقضي على المقاومة, والسيطرة على زمام الامور في بلاد الشام, فضلاً عن الدور الذي لعبه الجنرال هنري غورو في تقسيم بلاد الشام وظهور ما يسمى بدولة لبنان الكبير, وكانت السياسة الاستعمارية التي اتبعها في السيطرة على البلاد هي من خلال التلاعب في القبائل والعزف على وتر الطائفية.
Cafeicultura mineira: resgate histórico da Associação dos Agricultores Familiares de Santo Antônio do Amparo (AFASA)
Authors: De Resende Gláucia Fernanda , Romaniello Marcelo Márcio , Cardoso Campos Alyce , Nunes Maciel Gustavo , Nunes Maciel Fernanda , Leal Campos Rita de Cássia 
Published: December 2024

Este artigo teve como objetivo realizar um resgaste histórico da Associação dos Agricultores Familiares de Santo Antônio do Amparo (AFASA). Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa com coleta de dados por meio de entrevistas com o presidente, tesoureiro e secretário da AFASA. A AFASA foi constituída com o objetivo de criar uma força conjunta de agricultores familiares, para trabalharem em condições de igualdade, com acesso a uma infraestrutura adequada para dar suporte necessário aos associados possibilitando a agregação de valor ao produto, acesso ao mercado, com melhores preços de venda e abrangência inclusive ao mercado externo, o que para eles seria impossível individualmente. Atualmente a AFASA é uma organização comprometida com seus objetivos e com o grupo como um todo dando oportunidades de agregação de valor e inserção no mercado por meio de venda conjunta além da valorização do associado como ator social empoderado.
Palavras-Chave: Associativismo. Cafeicultura. Agricultura familiar.

Abstract
This article aimed to provide a historical overview of the Association of Family Farmers of Santo Antônio do Amparo (AFASA). To this end, a qualitative research approach was conducted with data collection through interviews with the president, treasurer and secretary of AFASA. AFASA was established with the aim of creating a joint force of family farmers to work under equal conditions, with access to an adequate infrastructure to provide the necessary support to its members, enabling the addition of value to the product, access to the market, with better sales prices and coverage including the foreign market, which would be impossible for them individually. Currently, AFASA is an organization committed to its objectives and to the group as a whole, providing opportunities for adding value and insertion in the market through joint sales, in addition to valuing the member as an empowered social actor.
Keywords: Associations. Coffee growing. Family farming.
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of cytoflavin as a neuroprotector based on a systematic review
Authors: Krasova E. K. , Titovich I. A. , Sidorov K. O. , Okovityi S. V. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Currently, neurological diseases occupy one of the first places in terms of the DALY (Disability-adjusted life year) index and are the second cause of death in the world. There is a tendency towards rejuvenation and an increase in morbidity. Drug therapy aimed at neuroprotection and improving the restoration of neurological functions according to clinical recommendations includes a succinate-containing drug – Cytoflavin. However, these recommendations are based on a very limited number of studies (4 studies for cytoflavin). Due to the huge amount of work in the field of the use of succinate-containing drugs as neuroprotectors, the lack of quantitative assessment of research results, it seems promising to conduct systematic reviews and meta-analysis in this area.Aim. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of cytoflavin as a neuroprotector based on a systematic review.Materials and methods. A systematic review of the research results was conducted according to the criteria of PRISMA 2020. The search for publications was carried out using PubMed, Medline databases, as well as Russian scientific electronic libraries eLibrary.Ru and RSCI. Materials were also searched in the systems of the national and international registry of clinical trials.Results and discussion. The review included 18 publications, including a description of the therapy of 10 pathologies of neurological origin. The largest part of the studies was devoted to the treatment of ischemic stroke (n = 4/18; 22.22 %) and manifestations of cognitive dysfunction (n = 5/18; 27.78 %). The pool of materials included studies of various designs, but most of them were represented by open comparative randomized/non-randomized studies. An analysis of the sources showed that the positive effect of the use of cytoflavin and the expediency of including its therapy regimen is noted in all publications. However, many studies have low statistical power due to the small sample sizes of patients, their heterogeneity and incompleteness of providing treatment data and the lack of randomization.Conclusion. According to the results of most clinical studies, it has been shown that the use of cytoflavin is safe, and its administration in neurological diseases of various origins is advisable due to a decrease in the frequency of adverse neurological outcomes in patients. For an objective research result, a meta-analytical assessment of the publications included in the review is required.
Feed conversion efficiency does not negatively affect young sheep and ewe performance
Authors: De Barbieri Ignacio , Navajas Elly A. , Ramos Zully , Ferreira Gracialda , Velazco José , Ciappesoni Gabriel 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionImproving the feed efficiency (FE) in ruminants offers significant potential for optimizing the use of natural feed resource while simultaneously enhancing food and wool production. However, selecting for FE and high productivity may negatively impact the robustness traits, such as reproduction, health, and fat deposition, indicating potential antagonisms. This study evaluates the relationship between residual feed intake (RFI) and the productivity of yearling and adult ewes in extensive outdoor pastoral systems of three breeds.MethodsConducted from 2018 to 2022, the study included three cohorts (2018, 2019, and 2020) of ewe lambs from the Merino (435), Dohne (323), and Corriedale (215) breeds. In their first year, these lambs were phenotyped for feed intake, RFI, methane emissions, body weight and body weight, body condition score, fecal egg count, wool production, rib eye area, and fat thickness. Later, as hoggets or adult ewes, their body weight, body condition score, wool production, and reproductive traits were recorded. To examine the links between FE and performance, two contrasting groups (i.e., low 25% and top 75% quartiles) for RFI were analyzed.Results and discussionMore efficient animals had similar body weights and weight gains while consuming less feed than the less efficient ones. In addition, the wool production at 1 year of age, the resistance to gastrointestinal parasites (assessed by fecal egg count), and the daily methane emissions were unaffected by RFI group. Although no significant antagonisms were observed between yearling RFI and ewe reproduction, a trade-off with ewe fleece weight was identified. In conclusion, the more efficient animals demonstrated satisfactory performance under the evaluated conditions without compromising body weight, wool production (in yearlings), reproduction, or health.
PRONAME: a user-friendly pipeline to process long-read nanopore metabarcoding data by generating high-quality consensus sequences
Authors: Dubois Benjamin , Delitte Mathieu , Lengrand Salomé , Bragard Claude , Legrève Anne , Debode Frédéric 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe study of sample taxonomic composition has evolved from direct observations and labor-intensive morphological studies to different DNA sequencing methodologies. Most of these studies leverage the metabarcoding approach, which involves the amplification of a small taxonomically-informative portion of the genome and its subsequent high-throughput sequencing. Recent advances in sequencing technology brought by Oxford Nanopore Technologies have revolutionized the field, enabling portability, affordable cost and long-read sequencing, therefore leading to a significant increase in taxonomic resolution. However, Nanopore sequencing data exhibit a particular profile, with a higher error rate compared with Illumina sequencing, and existing bioinformatics pipelines for the analysis of such data are scarce and often insufficient, requiring specialized tools to accurately process long-read sequences.ResultsWe present PRONAME (PROcessing NAnopore MEtabarcoding data), an open-source, user-friendly pipeline optimized for processing raw Nanopore sequencing data. PRONAME includes precompiled databases for complete 16S sequences (Silva138 and Greengenes2) and a newly developed and curated database dedicated to bacterial 16S-ITS-23S operon sequences. The user can also provide a custom database if desired, therefore enabling the analysis of metabarcoding data for any domain of life. The pipeline significantly improves sequence accuracy, implementing innovative error-correction strategies and taking advantage of the new sequencing chemistry to produce high-quality duplex reads. Evaluations using a mock community have shown that PRONAME delivers consensus sequences demonstrating at least 99.5% accuracy with standard settings (and up to 99.7%), making it a robust tool for genomic analysis of complex multi-species communities.ConclusionPRONAME meets the challenges of long-read Nanopore data processing, offering greater accuracy and versatility than existing pipelines. By integrating Nanopore-specific quality filtering, clustering and error correction, PRONAME produces high-precision consensus sequences. This brings the accuracy of Nanopore sequencing close to that of Illumina sequencing, while taking advantage of the benefits of long-read technologies.
Change of dietary patterns on CO2 emissions under the African swine fever in South Korea
Authors: Eun Sungtae 
Published: December 2024

African swine fever (ASF) occurred in Gyeonggi of South Korea in 2019 and there were 21 reported cases in domestic swine farms. South Korea is the one of top countries for pork consumption, and half of the 2.9 million tons of meat consumed in 2022 were pork. Outbreaks from animal products have a severe impact on the shift of diet and the change in dietary patterns of consumers shape climate change. Moreover, animal products account for 18% of worldwide GHG emissions which is more than industry (16%), transportation (13.5%), and energy usage (13%). This study is the first study to analyze the regional impact of animal products associated with climate change in South Korea. The objective of this study is to analyze the regional effect of dietary shifts on per capita CO2 emissions from household consumption in South Korea. Synthetic Control Method (SCM) is employed to analyze the impact of ASF on the change of per capita CO2 emissions from household consumption by shifting the nutritional patterns in South Korea. The dependent variable is per capita CO2 emissions from household consumption, and the type of event is an epizootic disease. The event period is between 2010 and 2021 (pre-intervention: 2010–2018 and post-intervention: 2019–2021). By establishing synthetic Gyeonggi from the optimal synthetic control unit, the trajectories present how dietary shifts have influenced per capita CO2 emissions from household consumption in a positive direction after ASF. ASF caused consumer dietary shifts from pork to other types of meat. This divergence between Gyeonggi and synthetic Gyeonggi indicates that there is an impact influencing per capita CO2 emissions from household consumption after ASF. Performing an SCM analysis with the treated (Gyeonggi) and control (thirteen municipalities) units, the study found that the two trajectory lines (Gyeonggi and synthetic Gyeonggi) were similar before diverging after the introduction of ASF. The gaps also indicate the impact of the shift in dietary patterns on per capita CO2 emissions from household consumption.JEL classificationC31, Q54.