bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression analysis of 19 bZIP genes in Tartary buckwheat and it’s response to abscisic acid (ABA)
Authors: xiao shuya , Liu Yaodong , Wang Anhu , Liu Yu , Li Xiaoyi , Liu Zhibin , Li xufeng , Yang Yi , Wang Jianmei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Tartary buckwheat is a kind of plant which can be used as medicine as well as edible. ABA signaling is important for plants to respond to drought. In this study, the germination, root length, stoma, and anthocyanin accumulation of Tartary buckwheat were all significantly affected by ABA. In ABA signaling, the bZIP gene family is a critical member of the ABA signaling pathway in plants, which plays an important role in plants response to drought. Through the analysis of the origin relationship between the bZIP family and related species, found that 19 bZIP genes in Tartary buckwheat were relatively conservative, which laid a foundation for the further study of the bZIP family. qRT-PCR showed that most of the group members were induced by ABA stress, including different times or concentration of ABA. In addition, the expression patterns of FtbZIPs in plant organs were different, indicating that they may have different functions in Tartary buckwheat responding to drought. In a word, this study will be helpful to further analyze and provide clues to improve the genetic breeding of Tartary buckwheat for drought resistance and its economic value.
APOL1 risk variants and kidney transplantation: a protocol for systematic review andmeta-analysis
Authors: Alao Michael Abel , Raji Yemi Raheem , Asinobi Adanze Onyenunachi , Akinboro Adeolu Oladayo , Ngene Samuel Osobuchi , Olayinka Ibrahim Rasheed , Okoye Prof Ifeoma , Nna Emmanuel 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundGraft survival post-kidney transplant may be influenced by APOL1 risk variant status of both donors and recipients. There are several conflicting reports on screening, eligibility and inclusion of APOL1 risk variant testing in the Kidney Donor Risk Index. We aimed to produce a protocol for synthesizing evidence from available data on Apoprotein L1 risk variants and kidney transplantation.METHODS:We developed a search strategy using MeSH, text words and entry terms. Nine databases will be searched: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, AJOL, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Research gate and Scopus. Only observational studies retrievable in the English Language will be included. The primary measurable outcome is the recipient’s post-transplant graft survival time from APOL1 high-risk variant donors. The secondary outcomes are the proportion of APOL1 high-risk variants in End-Stage Kidney Disease requiring a kidney transplant, the proportion in graft recipients and kidney donors; the effect of APOL1 high-risk variant on donor's kidney function post-kidney donation, recipient kidney allograft survival in APOL1 low and high-risk recipients. Deduplication, screening, and selection of identified studies will be done using Covidence software while CMA software version 3 will be used for meta-analysis. All studies will be assessed for methodological, clinical, and statistical heterogeneity. Publication bias will be visually assessed using the funnel plot. Results will be presented in forest plots with pooled survival time, standard error, and variance. Subgroup analysis will be performed using moderators such as socio-demographics: race, age, gender, and socio-economic status; hypertension, HIV status, forms of rejection, and other environmental factors.Discussion: The effect size for the primary outcome is a standardized mean difference in survival time for APOL1 high-risk variants in kidney transplants. The changes in kidney functions of donors and recipients pre and post-transplantation would be examined. The suitability of donors who have APOL1 high-risk variants will be explored in relation to graft survival time, donors' kidney function, and moderating effects of socio-demographic and environmental determinants.Trial Registration Number: This protocol is registered in PROSPERO, with registration number CRD42021230358
Complete genome sequence analysis of a novel bunyavirus isolated from Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis
Authors: Chen Zeli , Anane Rex Frimpong , Wang Zhe , Gao Like , Chen Lu , Li Shangyun , Wen Guosong , Zhao Mingfu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A novel negative-stranded (ns) RNA virus tentatively named “Yunnan manyleaf paris rhizome negative-stranded virus 1” (YMPrNSV1), was isolated from a Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis plant exhibiting leaf chlorosis and mosaic symptoms in Yunnan. Its complete genome sequence was determined using Illumina and Sanger sequencing. The genomes composed of three RNA segments (L, M and S) with each one containing a single open reading frame. Based on sequence identity and the presence of typical bunya-like domains/motifs, the proteins encoded by YMPrNSV1 were predicted to be: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), putative movement protein (MP), and nucleocapsid protein (NP). Sequence comparison analyses showed that the RdRp, MP and NP of YMPrNSV1 are highly similar to those of watermelon crinkle leaf-associated virus 2 (WCLaV-2), with 69.1%, 50.4% and 60.9% amino acid sequence identities respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on deduced amino acid sequences of RdRp and NP suggested that YMPrNSV1 clustered with coguviruses in a clade, and that WCLaV-2 is the known closely related species to YMPrNSV1. Base on the above results, YMPrNSV1 should be regarded as a new member of genera Coguvirus, within the family Phenuiviridae.
In Situ Reduced MXene/AuNPs&nbsp;Composite Toward Enhanced Charging/discharging and Specific Capacitance
Authors: Zheng Zixiang , Wu Wei , Yang Tao , Wang Enhui , Du Zhentao , Hou Xinmei , Liang Tongxiang , Wang Hailong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this work, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) decorated Ti3C2Tx nanosheets (MXene/AuNPs composite) are fabricated through a self-reduction reaction of Ti3C2Tx nanosheets with HAuCl4 aqueous solution. The obtained composite is characterized as AuNPs with the diameter of about 20 nm uniformly disperse on Ti3C2Tx nanosheets without aggregation. The composite (MXene decorated on 4.8 wt.% AuNPs) is further employed to construct supercapacitor for the first time with a higher specific capacitance of 278 F g-1 at 5 mV s-1 than that of pure Ti3C2Tx and 95% of cyclic stability after 10000 cycles. Furthermore, MXene/AuNPs composite symmetric supercapacitor with filter paper as separator and H2SO4 as electrolyte, respectively, is assembled. The supercapacitor exhibits a high volumetric energy density of 8.82 Wh L-1 at a power density of 264.6 W L-1 and ultrafast-charging/discharging performance. It exhibits as a promising candidate applied in integrated and flexible supercapacitors.
Antiarrhythmic Properties of Phenytoin
Authors: Mahmoodi Ehsan , Brienesse Stephen , Boyle Andrew , Laver Derek , Jackson Nicholas 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Phenytoin has long been used to treat epilepsy and for some time as an antiarrhythmic drug (AAD). It is known that the diastolic calcium leakage through dysfunctional cardiac ryanodine receptors (RyR2) is a mechanism for arrhythmias in heart failure. Recent evidence suggests that phenytoin inhibits dysfunctional RyR2, reduces the calcium leak during diastole in heart failure, and may improve cardiac systolic function. This indicates the potential for repurposing phenytoin as an AAD in patients with heart failure.METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases was performed in March 2019. The search was limited to the studies published in the English language from 1946 to 2019. Studies on the antiarrhythmic effects of phenytoin in adults compared to no treatment or other AADs were included. Studies were excluded if there was insufficient clinical data regarding antiarrhythmic effects, dosing and administration of phenytoin and other ADDs. Conference abstracts, editorials, case studies and review articles were also excluded. RESULTS: A total of 157 non-duplicate titles were screened, and 25 articles underwent full-text review. 13 studies met the inclusion criteria, representing a total of 985 patients. Phenytoin was found to be effective in treating arrhythmias associated with digitalis toxicity, and in suppressing premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). In a recent animal study, phenytoin inhibited diastolic calcium leak through dysfunctional RyR2 in failing sheep hearts and improved cardiac systolic function without affecting normal functional RyR2.CONCLUSION: Phenytoin has an acceptable safety profile when used as an AAD. It has some utility in treating digitalis-induced arrhythmias and suppressing PVCs, however, further study is needed to determine its efficacy as an antiarrhythmic in heart failure patients given new evidence of its RyR2 stabilising properties.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO database (CRD42019129125).
Primary Effusion Lymphoma Occurring in the Setting of Transplanted Patients: A Systematic Review of a Rare, Life-Threatening Post-Transplantation Occurrence
Authors: Zanelli Magda , Sanguedolce Francesca , Zizzo Maurizio , Palicelli Andrea , Bassi Maria Chiara , Santandrea Giacomo , Martino Giovanni , Soriano Alessandra , Caprera Cecilia , Corsi Matteo , Ricci Stefano , Ricci Linda , Ascani Stefano 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Primary effusion lymphoma is a rare, aggressive large B-cell lymphoma strictly linked to infection by Human Herpes virus 8/Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus. In its classic form, it is characterized by body cavities neoplastic effusions without detectable tumor masses. It often occurs in immunocompromised patients, such as HIV-positive individuals. Primary effusion lymphoma may affect HIV-negative elderly patients from Human Herpes virus 8 endemic regions. So far, rare cases have been reported in transplanted patients. The purpose of our systematic review is to improve our understanding of this type of aggressive lymphoma in the setting of transplantation, focusing on epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathological features, differential diagnosis, treatment and outcome. The role of assessing the viral serological status in donors and recipients is also discussed.Methods: Based on the PRISMA guidelines, we carried out a systematic search on PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE and Cochrane Library using the search terms “primary effusion lymphoma” and “post-transplant”. Results: Our search identified 13 cases of post-transplant primary effusion lymphoma, predominantly in solid organ transplant recipients (6 kidney, 3 heart, 2 liver and 1 intestine), with only one case after allogenic bone marrow transplantation. Long-term immunosuppression is important in post-transplant primary effusion lymphoma commonly developing several years after transplantation. Kaposi Sarcoma occurred in association with lymphoma in 4 cases of solid organ recipients. The lymphoma showed the classical presentation with body cavity effusions in absence of tumor masses in 10 cases; 2 cases presented as solid masses, lacking effusions and one case as effusions associated with multiple organ involvement. Primary effusion lymphoma occurring in the setting of transplantation was more often Epstein Barr-virus negative. The prognosis was poor. In addition to chemotherapy, reduction of immunosuppressive treatment, was generally attempted.Conclusions: Primary effusion lymphoma is a rare, but often fatal post-transplant complication. Its rarity and the difficulty in achieving the diagnosis may lead to miss this complication. Clinicians should suspect primary effusion lymphoma in transplanted patients, presenting generally with unexplained body cavity effusions, although rare cases with solid masses are described.
Health system delay in the treatment of tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tegegne Kenaw , Wagnew Fasil , Belay Yihalem Abebe , Eyayu Dawit , Bekele Daniel 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Delay in diagnosis and initiation of effective treatment associated with increase in morbidity, mortality and on-going person-to-person transmission in the community at large. In Ethiopia, several studies have been conducted regarding health system delay among tuberculosis patients. However, studies assessing the health system delay in treatment of tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia had inconsistent and inconclusive findings. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled median time of the health system delay in the treatment of tuberculosis and its determinants in Ethiopia. Methods: We systematically searched from different databases: Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Springer link databases for studies published from June 6, 1997 up to December 20, 2020. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale adapted for observational studies. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I squared statistic. We conducted a meta-analysis for the pooled median time of health system delay and its determinants using random-effects model in R version 4.0.3 software(for median estimation) and Stata version 14 (for metan). The pooled estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were presented using forest plots. Results: A total of 14 studies which comprising 6161 patients satisfying a priori set criteria were included. Our meta-analysis showed that, the estimated pooled median time of the health system delay was 15.29(95%CI: 9.94–20.64) days. In the subgroup analysis, studies conducted from 1997 to 2015 the pooled median health system delay was 21.63(95% CI: 14.38-28.88) days, whereas studies conducted after 2015 the pooled median time of 9.33(95% CI: 3.95-14.70) days. Living in rural area (pooled OR: 2.42, 95%CI: 1.16-5.02) was significantly associated with health system delay. Conclusions: In Ethiopia, patients are delayed more-than two weeks in the treatment of tuberculosis. Being from rural residence was more likely to lead prolonged health system delay. Implementing efforts by targeting rural residence may help to shorten the health system delay and important implications for the success of tuberculosis control.
LncRNA STK4 antisense RNA 1(STK4-AS1) affects the osteosarcoma cell cycle by regulating p53 protein
Authors: Yao Weitao , Hou Jingyu , Liu Guoqing , Wu Fangxing , Yan Qiang , Guo Liangyu , Wang Chuchu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: LncRNA STK4-AS1 has been identified as a potential biomarker associated with multiple cancers. We proposed that STK4-AS1 plays a role in the proliferation of osteosarcoma by regulating its cell cycle. Methods: We compared the expression of STK4-AS1 in osteosarcoma vs normal samples both in clinical tissues and cell lines. We overexpressed and knockdown STK4-AS1 in p53 expressing osteosarcoma cells U2OS and p53 muted expressing osteosarcoma cells MG63 and analyzed cell viability and cell cycle. We overexpressed p53 in STK4-AS1 knockdown cells to explore the association of STK4-AS1 and p53 in the cell cycle. Results: The STK4-AS1 expression was higher in osteosarcoma tissue than adjacent normal bone tissues and was higher in osteosarcoma cell lines (U2OS, MG63, and SAOS-2) than in osteoblast cell lines (hFOB and HOB). Knockdown of STK4-AS1 in U2OS decreased the cell viability, increased cells in the G0/G1 phase, decreased cells in the S and G2/M phase, decreased expression of cyclin A and B, increased p53 and p21, and had no effect on cyclin D and cyclin E, while overexpression did the opposes. MG63 cell viability was not affected by altered STK4-AS1 levels. P53 overexpression in STK4-AS1 knockdown cells recovered cell viability, p21, cyclin A, and cyclin B expression. Conclusion: LncRNA STK4-AS1 affected p53 expressing osteosarcoma cells U2OS cell viability through regulating cell cycle, which is mediated by p53/p21 pathway.
How birth outcomes among a cohort of Guatemalan women with a history of prior cesarean vary by mode or birth across different interpregnancy intervals
Authors: Harrison Margo , Garces Ana , Figueroa Lester , Westcott Jamie , Hambidge Michael , Krebs Nancy F 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Our objectives were to analyze how pregnancy outcomes varied by cesarean birth as compared to vaginal birth across varying interpregnancy intervals (IPI).Methods: This secondary analysis used data from a prospective registry of home and hospital births in Chimaltenango, Guatemala from January 2017 through April 2020, through the Global Network for Women’s and Children’s Health Research. Bivariate comparisons and multivariable modeling was used to answer our study question, and the data was analyzed with STATA software v.15.1.Results: Of 26,465 Guatemalan women enrolled in the registry, 3,170 (12.0%) had a history of prior cesarean. 560 (20.1%) women delivered by vaginal birth after cesarean with the remaining 2,233 (79.9%) delivered by repeat cesarean. Repeat cesarean reduced the risk of needing a dilation and curettage compared to vaginal birth after cesarean, but this association did not vary by IPI (AOR 0.01 – 0.03, p < 0.001). Repeat cesarean delivery, as compared to vaginal birth after cesarean, significantly reduced the likelihood a woman breastfeeding within one hour of birth (AOR 0.009 – 0.10, p < 0.001), but IPI was not associated with the outcome. Regarding stillbirth, repeat cesarean birth reduced the likelihood of stillbirth as compared to vaginal birth (AOR 0.2, p = 0.001 – 0.002), but again IPI was not associated with the outcome.Conclusion: Outcomes by mode of delivery among a Guatemalan cohort of women with a history of prior cesarean birth do not vary by IPI.
Evaluation of willingness to pay toward improving water supply services in Sebeta town, Ethiopia
Authors: Eridadi Hosea Mutanda , Yoshihiko Inagaki , Alemayehu Esayas , Kiwanuka Moses 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Sebeta town is one of the rapidly growing towns in Ethiopia. Its closeness to Addis Ababa city has attracted industrial, urban development, and population growth. This development has created problems with drinking water shortages in the community. This study aimed at determining the household's willingness to pay (WTP) amount toward improving water supply services and analyzing the influencing factors of WTP. A contingent valuation (CV) technique was applied in quantifying the households' WTP and the influencing factors toward the program. The field observations, key informant interviews, and household questionnaire interviews from 250 respondents out of the targeted 280 were employed in collecting field data. Results from CV revealed that 66% of the households were WTP toward improving the water supply services beyond their current monthly water bills. Households were WTP about 20 Ethiopian Birr (ETB) above the average current water bill of 161 ETB. The binary logistic model results statistically demonstrated that independent variables of gender, age, marital status, education level, years in Sebeta, and average monthly income were significantly influencing the household's WTP at p = 0.01 and 0.05. This study provides vital hints for further research and baseline information for local administration and communities about the water supply in the area and holistic appropriation of water tariffs in line with government policy.
Coumarins and Quinolones as Effective Multiple Targeted Agents Versus
Covid-19: An In Silico Study
Authors: Nejabat Mojgan , Ghodsi Razieh , Hadizadeh Farzin 
Published: February 2021

Background:
The Covid-19 virus emerged a few months ago in China and infections rapidly escalated into a pandemic.

Objective:
To date, there is no selective antiviral agent for the management of pathologies associated with covid-19 and the need for an effective agent against it is essential.

Method:
In this work two home-made databases from synthetic quinolines and coumarins were virtually docked against viral proteases (3CL and PL), human cell surface proteases (TMPRSS2 and furin) and spike proteins (S1 and S2). Chloroquine, a reference drug without a clear mechanism against coronavirus was also docked on mentioned targets and the binding affinities compared with title compounds.

Result:
The best compounds of synthetic coumarins and quinolines for each target were determined. All compounds against all targets showed binding affinity between -5.80 to -8.99 kcal/mol in comparison with the FDA-approved drug, Chloroquine, with binding affinity of -5.7 to -7.98 kcal/mol. Two compounds, quinoline-1 and coumarin-24, were found to be effective on three targets – S2, TMPRSS2 and furin – simultaneously, with good predicted affinity between -7.54 to -8.85 kcal/mol. In silico ADME studies also confirmed good oral absorption for them. Furthermore, PASS prediction was calculated and coumarin-24 had higher probable activity (Pa) than probable inactivity (Pi) with acceptable protease inhibitory as well as good antiviral activity against Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and influenza.

Conclusion:
Quinoline-1 and Coumarin-24 have the potential to be used against Covid-19. Hence these agents could be useful in combating covid-19 infection after further in vitro and in vivo studies.
Chitosan - A Potential Polymer to Prepare Anticancer Drug Delivery Systems: Patent Review
Authors: Kriplani Priyanka , Guarve Kumar 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Polymers are used in drug delivery systems to encapsulate and release the
drug. Natural polymers have the advantages of biodegradability, biocompatibility, and recognizable
biological moieties that maintain cellular functions as compared to synthetic polymers. Chitosan
is a natural polycationic linear polysaccharide that originates from chitin. Its easy modification,
release rate of drug, ability to cross-link with other polymers, gelling ability, immunostimulation,
bioadhesion, biocompatibility, and biodegradability has increased its application in various
drug delivery systems.

Objective:
The objective of the present study is to overview the recent patents of the application of
chitosan in various drug delivery systems and their use in the prevention of cancer and other ailments.

Methods:
In this review, the patent application of chitosan in various drug delivery systems employed
to cure mainly cancer has been covered with particular emphasis on their scientific impact
and novelty.

Results:
Chitosan has proved its potential as a polymer to control and target the drug at the site of
action.

Conclusion:
The potential of chitosan and its derivatives to deliver and target the drug may open
new avenues for therapeutic interventions in different tumors.