bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pyridine Grafted on SnO2‐Loaded Carbon Nanotubes Acting as Cocatalyst for Highly Efficient Electroreduction of CO2
Authors: Zhang Yuning , Xu Hai , Niu Dongfang , Zhang Xinsheng , Zhang Yayun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSn‐based electrocatalysts have shown great potential in the future industrial application of CO2 electroreduction (CO2ER) to C1 products due to their non‐toxicity and low price. However, it is a great challenge to fabricate a Sn‐based electrocatalytic system with high performance and stability. Herein, grafted pyridine was innovatively coupled with SnO2 to construct an organic‐inorganic composite (SnO2/Py‐CNTO) for highly efficient CO2ER. The detailed studies showed that pyridine and protonated pyridine coexist on the surface of SnO2/Py‐CNTO, and both play distinctive roles in promoting the selectivity of CO2ER. Benefiting from the merits, SnO2/Py‐CNTO delivered an excellent faradaic efficiency (FE) of 96 % for CO2ER at −1.29 VRHE where the HCOOH production with 85 % FE dominated, and good stability for 32 h electrolysis. The theoretical calculations showed that protonated pyridine not only facilitates the CO2 adsorption and HCOOH desorption, but also significantly reduces the limiting potential for the conversion of CO2 to HCOOH.
Green Hydrothermal Synthesis of Fluorescent 2,3‐Diarylquinoxalines and Large‐Scale Computational Comparison to Existing Alternatives
Authors: Amaya‐García Fabián , Caldera Michael , Koren Anna , Kubicek Stefan , Menche Jörg , Unterlass Miriam M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the group of Miriam Unterlass at the Technische Universität Wien and the CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. The image illustrates the synthesis of quinoxalines in “hot water” and the large‐scale computational comparison of all existing syntheses of these quinoxalines. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.202100433.
Ab initio Molecular Dynamics Investigations of the Speciation and Reactivity of Deep Eutectic Electrolytes in Aluminum Batteries
Authors: Carrasco‐Busturia David , Lysgaard Steen , Jankowski Piotr , Vegge Tejs , Bhowmik Arghya , García‐Lastra Juan María 
Published: April 2021

AbstractInvited for this month's cover is the Section for Atomic Scale Materials Modelling led by Prof. Tejs Vegge at the Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark. The central image of the cover picture illustrates one of the chemical reaction mechanisms observed in a deep eutectic electrolyte formed by AlCl3 and urea. This is a promising electrolyte for inexpensive and environmentally friendly next‐generation batteries based on aluminum. We have developed the computational techniques needed to identify chemical species and track reaction mechanisms across an ab initio molecular dynamics trajectory. The reaction mechanisms and speciation observed help to gain more insight in the development of such batteries. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.202100163.
New Reactions of Cyclopentadienylnickel Chelates with Secondary Phosphane Tethers
Authors: Heinisch Sandra Lauren , Werner Irina , Butenschön Holger 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn continuation of our research in cyclopentadienylalkylphosphane nickel chelates with secondary phosphane tethers the first cationic representatives of this class of compounds are reported. These were obtained by reaction of the respective bromo complex with tris(4‐trifluoromethylphenyl)phosphane as well as with a number of alkyl and aryl isonitriles in the presence of indium tribromide. This Lewis acid is crucial for the success of the reactions leading to the respective tetrabromoindate salts. The compounds were characterized spectroscopically, including rare 14N,13C couplings being observed. Finally, deprotonation experiments are reported, which provide some evidence for deprotonation taking place, although the expected phosphinidene chelates could not be isolated due to rapid decomposition.
Predicting stock market volatility based on textual sentiment: A nonlinear analysis
Authors: Zhang Weiguo , Gong Xue , Wang Chao , Ye Xin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates whether and how investor sentiment affects stock market volatility forecasting from a nonlinear theory perspective. With the use of a novel dataset that contains massive articles about stock market analysis obtained from a Chinese investors' community, we construct four sentiment indices to measure investor sentiment by applying textual analysis techniques. Differing from the developed market, we find that the investor sentiment from an emerging market causes stock volatility by a nonlinear pattern rather than a linear style. Furthermore, we show that the investor sentiment improves stock volatility prediction based on the long short‐term memory model. And the predictability is still significant after considering another sentiment proxy variable. Finally, we demonstrate that this improvement of predictive performance is meaningful from an economic point of view.
The determinants of immigrant health insurance in the United States: Understanding the role of health care in origin societies
Authors: Amuedo‐Dorantes Catalina , Zhan Crystal 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe examine how immigrants' health insurance in the United States is shaped by institutional traits of the health care systems in their origin societies. Conditional on a wide range of individual, country‐of‐origin, state‐level, and temporal controls, we find the affordability of health care back home helps explain immigrants' US health coverage. Specifically, low‐ and middle‐income migrants from countries with less affordable health care are more likely to get private insurance once in the United States and, correspondingly, less likely to have public coverage, relative to migrants from countries with more affordable care. The relationship conforms to multiple hypotheses. As predicted by the institutional beliefs hypothesis, migrants from countries with less affordable care might anticipate equally expensive health services in the United States and, in turn, insure themselves against high medical bills. Likewise, as predicted by the endogenous preferences hypothesis, migrants from countries with less affordable care might be accustomed to paying more for health care and, in turn, be less reluctant to pay for private health insurance. Overall, the findings underscore the relevance of migrants' past health care experiences in their origin societies in informing their health insurance in the United States even years after migration.
Backlash in performance feedback: Deepening the understanding of the role of gender in performance appraisal
Authors: Ciancetta Lindsay M. , Roch Sylvia G. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe explore one possible factor contributing to the proverbial glass ceiling for women—manifestation of the backlash effect, defined as social repercussions received by women who violate the female gender‐role norm, in performance feedback. Feedback phrasing may have consequences for employee commitment to the organization and intention to leave. The results of study 1, a mixed qualitative and quantitative analysis of a sample of 400 written performance evaluations from two organizations, provide evidence of the backlash effect in the feedback language used in women's performance appraisals at all levels of the organizational hierarchy, not just for women in leadership roles as expected. The results of a self‐report survey of 271 working adults (study 2) suggest differing sensitivity to the use of backlash‐related words according to gender, unexpectedly pointing to lower sensitivity for women and evidence of shaping behaviors toward one's gender‐role norm through positive feedback. Implications are discussed.
High‐frequency monitoring of hydrological and biogeochemical fluxes in forested catchments of southern Chile
Authors: Frêne Cristián , Armesto Juan J. , Véliz Freddy , Alfaro Fernando D. , Weathers Kathleen C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe variability of rainfall‐dependent streamflow at catchment scale modulates many ecosystem processes in wet temperate forests. Runoff in small mountain catchments is characterized by a quick response to rainfall pulses which affects biogeochemical fluxes to all downstream systems. In wet‐temperate climates, water erosion is the most important natural factor driving downstream soil and nutrient losses from upland ecosystems. Most hydrochemical studies have focused on water flux measurements at hourly scales, along with weekly or monthly samples for water chemistry. Here, we assessed how water and element flows from broad‐leaved, evergreen forested catchments in southwestern South America, are influenced by different successional stages, quantifying runoff, sediment transport and nutrient fluxes during hourly rainfall events of different intensities. Hydrograph comparisons among different successional stages indicated that forested catchments differed in their responses to high intensity rainfall, with greater runoff in areas covered by secondary forests (SF), compared to old‐growth forest cover (OG) and dense scrub vegetation (CH). Further, throughfall water was greatly nutrient enriched for all forest types. Suspended sediment loads varied between successional stages. SF catchments exported 455 kg of sediments per ha, followed by OG with 91 kg/ha and CH with 14 kg/ha, corresponding to 11 rainfall events measured from December 2013 to April 2014. Total nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP) concentrations in stream water also varied with rainfall intensity. In seven rainfall events sampled during the study period, CH catchments exported less nutrients (46 kg/ha TN and 7 kg/ha TP) than SF catchments (718 kg/ha TN and 107 kg/ha TP), while OG catchments exported intermediate sediment loads (201 kg/ha TN and 23 kg/ha TP). Further, we found significant effects of successional stage attributes (vegetation structure and soil physical properties) and catchment morphometry on runoff and sediment concentrations, and greater nutrients retention in OG and CH catchments. We conclude that in these southern hemisphere, broad‐leaved evergreen temperate forests, hydrological processes are driven by multiple interacting phenomena, including climate, vegetation, soils, topography, and disturbance history.
Ability of stochastic modelling to forecast crop reference evapotranspiration*
Authors: Yurekli Kadri 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe main objective of this study is to evaluate the ability to forecast seasonal and non‐seasonal monthly reference plant water consumption (ET0) with the Box–Jenkins approach (autoregressive integrated moving average), the abbreviation of which is ARIMA (indicated as SARIMA for seasonal series). This target was achieved by using the necessary climate parameters obtained from the Ankara meteorology station to calculate the monthly ET0 data sequences by using the Penman–Monteith relationship. Of the 12 months’ non‐seasonal ET0 data, only 4 months achieved all the conditions expected in simulation after satisfying the stationary condition. The ARIMA (SARIMA) (1,0,1) (3,1,0) model produced the best results among all models providing the necessary conditions for the seasonal series. When comparing the results of ET0 estimation from this model to that of the non‐seasonal series, it was determined that using the seasonal series rather than making an estimate based on the non‐seasonal series provided more successful results, and the model giving the most successful forecast for the study is the SARIMA model above.
Variation in southern chinch bug (Blissus insularis) survival and damage on St. Augustinegrass germplasm
Authors: van der Laat Rocio , Dale Adam G. , Arellano Consuelo , Milla‐Lewis Susana R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSt. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze] cultivars tend to be susceptible to the southern chinch bug (Blissus insularis; SCB). This insect feeds on the plant by sucking the sap, causing leaf chlorosis and necrosis, and can kill whole lawns. Resistant cultivars can simplify SCB management and reduce insecticide use. However, little research has been conducted to identify resistant germplasm that can be used in breeding. The objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate the level of damage caused by SCB feeding on sixteen St. Augustinegrass genotypes, and (ii) determine the attractiveness and quality of those genotypes to SCB in choice and no‐choice scenarios under greenhouse conditions. After a period of 6 wk of exposure in a choice study, SCB feeding damage on St. Augustinegrass [S. secundatum (Walter) Kuntze] cultivars ‘FX‐10’, ‘DALSA 0605’ (TamStar®), ‘SS‐100’ (Palmetto®), and pembagrass [Stenotaphrum dimidiatum (L.) Brongn.] accession PI 289729 ranged from 3 to 21%, demonstrating the highest resistance to SCB. Breeding lines XSA 10403, XSA 11168, and XSA 12354 suffered significant damage (>68%), indicating a high susceptibility to SCB. In a no‐choice study, ‘615866’ (Seville®), ‘SS‐100’ and most breeding lines exhibited intermediate levels of SCB susceptibility, with SCB survival ranging from 35 to 74%. FX‐10, ‘DALSA 0605’, and PI 289729 were not suitable for SCB feeding and oviposition and exhibited two‐ to five‐fold reductions in the number of live SCB and eggs recovered per plant compared to most breeding lines. Several breeding lines proved to have higher levels of tolerance than cultivar ‘Raleigh’. The magnitude of the differences between the most resistant and susceptible lines indicates that it is possible to generate biparental populations with enough segregation to conduct QTL mapping for SCB resistance.
Synthesis, mechanical, thermal, and electrical characterization of graphite–epoxy composites
Authors: Radouane Nassima , Depriester Michael , Maaroufi Abdelkrim , Singh Dharmendra Pratap , Ouaki Bennaceur , Duponchel Benoît , Elass Abdelaziz , Tidahy Lucette , Hadj‐Sahraoui Abdelhak 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHerein, we present a simple procedure for fabricating epoxy/graphite composites using a simple solution blending method. The addition of graphite filler in the epoxy matrix showed a beneficial effect on mechanical properties by enhancing Young's modulus up to 55.25% of its value. The highest thermal conductivity was obtained to be 1.53 ± 0.07 W· m−1· K−1, which depicts a fourfold increment as compared to the neat matrix. The effective thermal conductivity has been predicted using Nan model, which shows a satisfactory agreement with the experimental data. Besides, the investigated composites display enhanced electrical conductivity; this evolution of electrical conductivity as a function of filler volume fraction is well described using percolation theory. Thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry have been used to determine the thermal properties of the composites as a function of filler volume fraction. These findings indicate that the thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of epoxy/graphite composites could be ideal for thermal management and control of heat transfer devices.
Hydrogen sulfide prevents ethanol‐induced ZO‐1 CpG promoter hypermethylation‐dependent vascular permeability via miR‐218/DNMT3a axis
Authors: Behera Jyotirmaya , Kelly Kimberly E. , Tyagi Neetu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEthanol (ET) causes cerebrovascular dysfunction by altering homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism and by causing oxidative stress. However, there are no strategies to prevent ET‐induced epigenetic deregulation of tight junction protein (hyper‐methylation) and endothelial cell permeability to date. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has an antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and anti‐inflammatory effect. Here, we investigated the protective role of H2S in ET‐induced endothelial permeability through epigenetic changes in mouse brain endothelial cells (bEnd3). The bEnd3 cells were exposed to 50 mM ET treatment in the presence or absence of 50 μM NaHS (H2S donor). The result demonstrates that ET‐induced cellular toxicity increased intracellular Hcy levels, which further intensified mitochondrial dysfunction and energy defects. Using miScript microRNA (miRNA) polymerase chain reaction array‐based screening, we identified a particular miRNA, miR‐218, as a novel target of ET‐induced DNA methyltransferase‐3a (DNMT3a) activation. miR‐218 influences CpG island methylation of the zonula occludens 1 (ZO‐1) promoter in the endothelial cells. We discovered that ET suppressed miR‐218 levels and induced endothelial permeability via DNMT3a‐mediated ZO‐1 hyper‐methylation. Treatment with mito‐TEMPO (mitochondria‐targeted antioxidant), 5′‐azacitidine (DNMT inhibitor), or miR‐218 overexpression was shown to protect endothelial cells against ET‐induced permeability. Also, bEnd3 cells pretreated with NaHS attenuated ET‐induced vascular permeability and prevented CpG island methylation at the promoter. In conclusion, our data provide evidence that H2S treatment protects vascular integrity from ET‐induced stress by mitigating CpG (ZO‐1 promoter) DNA hyper‐methylation. This finding uncovers a new mechanistic understanding of NaHS/H2S, that may have therapeutic potential in preventing or diminishing ET‐induced brain vascular permeability and dysfunction induced by alcoholism.
Axonal Guillain‐Barre syndrome associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in a child
Authors: Akçay Nihal , Menentoğlu Mehmet Emin , Bektaş Gonca , Şevketoğlu Esra 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe relation between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection and demyelinating Guillain‐Barre syndrome (GBS) has been defined. We aim to report the clinical features of a child with axonal GBS associated with SARS‐CoV‐2. A 6‐year‐old male presented with symmetric ascending paralysis progressed over a 4‐day course and 2 days of fever. He had bilateral lower and upper limb flaccid weakness of 1/5 with absent deep tendon reflexes. He had severe respiratory muscle weakness requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. On admission, SARS‐CoV‐2 returned as positive by real‐time polymerase chain reaction on a nasopharyngeal swab. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed elevated protein without pleocytosis. He was diagnosed with GBS associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The nerve conduction study was suggestive of acute motor axonal neuropathy. Ten consecutive therapeutic plasma exchange sessions with 5% albumin replacement followed by four sessions on alternate days were performed. On Day 12, methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg/day for 5 days) was given. On Day 18, intravenous immunoglobulin (2 g/kg/day) was given and repeated 14 days after due to severe motor weakness. On Day 60, he was discharged from the hospital with weakness of neck flexor and extensor muscles of 3/5 and the upper limbs and the lower limbs of 2/5 on home‐ventilation. Our patient is considered to be the youngest patient presenting with a possible para‐infectious association between axonal GBS and SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The disease course was severe with a rapid progression, an earlier peak, and prolonged duration in weakness as expected in axonal GBS.
Respective prevalence of high‐risk HPVgenotypes in cervical neoplasia in Senegal
Authors: Diop‐Ndiaye Halimatou , Sastre‐Garau Xavier , Drame Aboubacry , Dembele Birama , Ba Nafissatou N. , Diop‐Diongue Oumy , Mbow Madeleine , Diakhaby Mba E. B. , Woto‐Gaye Gisele , Toure Kane Coumba , Diop Mamadou 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesWith the perspective of prophylactic vaccination against high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV), we analyzed the viral epidemiology of cervical neoplasia in Senegal.MethodsAll patients were treated at the Institut Joliot Curie du Cancer in Dakar. HPV genotypes were characterized using a real‐time polymerase chain reaction‐based approach and sequencing.ResultsHistologically, there were 224 invasive carcinomas, 17 high‐grade intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and five undetermined histologies. Molecular analysis was conclusive in 241 cases. HPV DNA was found in 207/241 (85.9%) cases while 34/241 (14.1%) remained HPV negative. There was one single genotype in 127/207 (61.4%) cases and several in 80/207 (38.6%) corresponding to 308 genotypes identified. Viral genotyping found HPV16 in 175 (56.8%) cases, HPV18 in 45 (14.6%), HPV45 in 40 (13.0%), HPV58 in 35 (11.4%), HPV33 in 6 (2.0%), HPV35 in 3 (1.0%), HPV31 in 2 (0.6%), HPV39 and HPV56 in one (0.3% each).ConclusionOur analysis showed that 98.4% of the HPV‐positive cases were associated with viral genotypes covered by the 9‐valent HPV vaccine. However, 14.1% of cases remained HPV negative. Therefore, prophylactic vaccination using a 9‐valent vaccine should dramatically reduce the incidence of HPV‐associated neoplasia but the detection and treatment of CIN remain necessary for the optimal prevention of cervical cancer.
Exploring the potential roles of some rodents in the transmission of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Authors: Hemida Maged Gomaa , Alhammadi Mohammed , Almathen Faisal , Alnaeem Abdelmohsen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMiddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) is one of the recently identified zoonotic coronaviruses. The one‐hump camels are believed to play important roles in the evolution and transmission of the virus. The animal‐to‐animal, as well as the animal‐to‐human transmission in the context of MERS‐CoV infection, were reported. The camels shed the virus in some of their secretions, especially the nasal tract. However, there are many aspects of the transmission cycle of the virus from animals to humans that are still not fully understood. Rodents played important roles in the transmission of many pathogens, including viruses and bacteria. They have been implicated in the evolution of many human coronaviruses, especially HCoV‐OC43 and HCoV‐HKU1. However, the role of rodents in the transmission of MERS‐CoV still requires more exploration. To achieve this goal, we identified MERS‐CoV that naturally infected dromedary camel by molecular surveillance. We captured 15 of the common rodents (rats, mice, and jerboa) sharing the habitat with these animals. We collected both oral and rectal swabs from these animals and then tested them by the commercial MERS‐CoV real‐time‐PCR kits using two targets. Despite the detection of the viral shedding in the nasal swabs of some of the dromedary camels, none of the rodents tested positive for the virus during the tenure of this study. We concluded that these species of rodents did not harbor the virus and are most unlikely to contribute to the transmission of the MERS‐CoV. However, further large‐scale studies are required to confirm the potential roles of rodents in the context of the MERS‐CoV transmission cycle, if any.