bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The European Parliament’s Perspective on EU–Turkey Relations
Authors: Kaeding Michael , Schenuit Felix 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOver the last fifteen years, the European Parliament (EP) has served as an important actor in the assessment and design of the politically contested relationship between the EU and Turkey in general, and Turkey’s extended accession talks in particular. In the event of a successful completion of Turkish accession negotiations, the EP will also be responsible for taking the final decision on Turkish accession to the EU. Based on data made available by VoteWatch Europe with regard to the voting behavior of Members of the EP on all Turkey-related files since 2005, we show how the EP’s support for Turkey’s accession to the EU has changed over time. Our findings reveal that the EP has gradually developed from a strong advocate of Turkey’s EU membership to the only EU institution formally closing the ‘accession door’ for Turkey. At the same time, EP resolutions on the country reports on Turkey have collected numerous arguments for the importance of a new strategic partnership—representing majority-winning new narratives on the future trajectory of EU–Turkey relations. These arguments should not be wiped away in an increasingly politicized environment. Vote-seeking and closing the door to accession without identifying possible alternatives for cooperation would be politically and geo-strategically shortsighted.
Europeanization and De-Europeanization of Turkish Asylum and Migration Policies
Authors: Kaya Ayhan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis chapter discusses Turkey’s efforts to align and then de-align its migration and asylum policies and laws with the European Union. It argues that the Europeanization of migration and asylum policies and laws corresponds to the internalization of a rights-based approach by state and societal actors in Turkey up until the beginning of the civil war in Syria. The period of the war corresponds to the ascent of the process of de-Europeanization of Turkey that has resulted in the framing of migration and asylum policies at the national and local levels in cultural and religious terms. The chapter argues that the Justice and Development Party (AKP) has successfully accommodated the Syrian refugees on the basis of a religious rhetoric called ‘Ansar spirit’.
Invisible decays of axion-like particles: constraints and prospects
Authors: Darmé Luc , Giacchino Federica , Nardi Enrico , Raggi Mauro 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Axion-like particles (ALPs) can provide a portal to new states of a dark sector. We study the phenomenology of this portal when the ALP mainly decays invisibly, while its interaction with the standard model sector proceeds essentially via its coupling to electrons and/or photons. We reanalyse existing limits from various collider and beam dump experiments, including in particular ALP production via electron/positron interactions, in addition to the usual production through ALP-photon coupling. We further discuss the interplay between these limits and the intriguing possibility of explaining simultaneously the muon and electron magnetic moment anomalies. Finally, we illustrate the prospects of ALP searches at the LNF positron fixed-target experiment PADME, and the future reach of an upgraded experimental setup.
Spin effects in the effective field theory approach to Post-Minkowskian conservative dynamics
Authors: Liu Zhengwen , Porto Rafael A. , Yang Zixin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Building upon the worldline effective field theory (EFT) formalism for spinning bodies developed for the Post-Newtonian regime, we generalize the EFT approach to Post-Minkowskian (PM) dynamics to include rotational degrees of freedom in a manifestly covariant framework. We introduce a systematic procedure to compute the total change in momentum and spin in the gravitational scattering of compact objects. For the special case of spins aligned with the orbital angular momentum, we show how to construct the radial action for elliptic-like orbits using the Boundary-to-Bound correspondence. As a paradigmatic example, we solve the scattering problem to next-to-leading PM order with linear and bilinear spin effects and arbitrary initial conditions, incorporating for the first time finite-size corrections. We obtain the aligned-spin radial action from the resulting scattering data, and derive the periastron advance and binding energy for circular orbits. We also provide the (square of the) center-of-mass momentum to $$ \mathcal{O}\left({G}^2\right) $$
O

G
2

, which may be used to reconstruct a Hamiltonian. Our results are in perfect agreement with the existent literature, while at the same time extend the knowledge of the PM dynamics of compact binaries at quadratic order in spins.
Whole-genome sequencing identifies functional noncoding variation in SEMA3C that cosegregates with dyslexia in a multigenerational family
Authors: Carrion-Castillo Amaia , Estruch Sara B. , Maassen Ben , Franke Barbara , Francks Clyde , Fisher Simon E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDyslexia is a common heritable developmental disorder involving impaired reading abilities. Its genetic underpinnings are thought to be complex and heterogeneous, involving common and rare genetic variation. Multigenerational families segregating apparent monogenic forms of language-related disorders can provide useful entrypoints into biological pathways. In the present study, we performed a genome-wide linkage scan in a three-generational family in which dyslexia affects 14 of its 30 members and seems to be transmitted with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. We identified a locus on chromosome 7q21.11 which cosegregated with dyslexia status, with the exception of two cases of phenocopy (LOD = 2.83). Whole-genome sequencing of key individuals enabled the assessment of coding and noncoding variation in the family. Two rare single-nucleotide variants (rs144517871 and rs143835534) within the first intron of the SEMA3C gene cosegregated with the 7q21.11 risk haplotype. In silico characterization of these two variants predicted effects on gene regulation, which we functionally validated for rs144517871 in human cell lines using luciferase reporter assays. SEMA3C encodes a secreted protein that acts as a guidance cue in several processes, including cortical neuronal migration and cellular polarization. We hypothesize that these intronic variants could have a cis-regulatory effect on SEMA3C expression, making a contribution to dyslexia susceptibility in this family.
OESDs in an on-road study of semi-automated vehicle to human driver handovers
Authors: Stanton Neville A. , Brown James W. , Revell Kirsten M. A. , Kim Jisun , Richardson Joy , Langdon Pat , Bradley Mike , Caber Nermin , Skrypchuk Lee , Thompson Simon 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDesign of appropriate interaction and human–machine interfaces for the handover of control between vehicle automation and human driver is critical to the success of automated vehicles. Problems in this interfacing between the vehicle and driver have led, in some cases, to collisions and fatalities. In this project, Operator Event Sequence Diagrams (OESDs) were used to design the handover activities to and from vehicle automation. Previous work undertaken in driving simulators has shown that the OESDs can be used to anticipate the likely activities of drivers during the handover of vehicle control. Three such studies showed that there was a strong correlation between the activities drivers represented in OESDs and those observed from videos of drivers in the handover process, in driving simulators. For the current study, OESDs were constructed during the design of the interaction and interfaces for the handover of control to and from vehicle automation. Videos of drivers during the handover were taken on motorways in the UK and compared with the predictions from the OESDs. As before, there were strong correlations between those activities anticipated in the OESDs and those observed during the handover of vehicle control from automation to the human driver. This means that OESDs can be used with some confidence as part of the vehicle automation design process, although validity generalisation remains an important goal for future research.
Linc-KIAA1737–2 promoted LPS-induced HK-2 cell apoptosis by regulating miR-27a-3p/TLR4/NF-κB axis
Authors: Hu Ming , Wei Jing , Yang Liu , Xu Jianhua , He Zhaofeng , Li Haiyuan , Ning Chao , Lu Shijun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractInflammation and renal cell apoptosis participate in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. Previous research found the upregulation of long non-coding RNA Linc-KIAA1737–2 in hypoxia- or inflammation-challenged human proximal tubular epithelial cells, but its role in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury is underexplored. In this research, we found that Linc-KIAA1737–2 could be upregulated in HK-2 human proximal tubular epithelial cells by LPS treatment, and knock-down of this lncRNA significantly attenuated LPS-induced apoptosis in HK-2 cells, while its overexpression showed opposite effect. MiR-27a-3p was confirmed to interact with Linc-KIAA1737–2 in HK-2 cells by RNA pull-down and dual-luciferase assay. MiR-27a-3p mimic transfection significantly attenuated LPS-induced HK-2 cell apoptosis by downregulating the protein levels of TLR4 and NF-κB, which was overturned by overexpression of Linc-KIAA1737–2. Our results suggested that Linc-KIAA1737–2 could promote LPS-induced apoptosis in HK-2 cells, and presumably sepsis-induced acute kidney injury, by regulating the miR-27a-3p/TLR4/NF-κB axis.
Automated adaptation strategies for stream learning
Authors: Bakirov Rashid , Fay Damien , Gabrys Bogdan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAutomation of machine learning model development is increasingly becoming an established research area. While automated model selection and automated data pre-processing have been studied in depth, there is, however, a gap concerning automated model adaptation strategies when multiple strategies are available. Manually developing an adaptation strategy can be time consuming and costly. In this paper we address this issue by proposing the use of flexible adaptive mechanism deployment for automated development of adaptation strategies. Experimental results after using the proposed strategies with five adaptive algorithms on 36 datasets confirm their viability. These strategies achieve better or comparable performance to the custom adaptation strategies and the repeated deployment of any single adaptive mechanism.
Immunoregulatory molecules secreted byTrichuris muris
Authors: Bancroft Allison J. , Grencis Richard K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTrichuris, whipworm nematode infections are prevalent in humans, domestic livestock and mammals. All share an epithelial dwelling niche and similar life cycle with the chronic infections that follow implying that immune evasion mechanisms are operating. Nematode excretory secretory (ES) products have been shown to be a rich source of immunomodulatory molecules for many species. TheTrichuris murismodel is a natural parasite of mice and has been used extensively to study host–parasite interactions and provides a tractable platform for investigation of the immunoregulatory capacity of whipworm ES. The present review details progress in identification of the composition ofT. murisES, immunomodulatory components and their potential mechanisms of action. The adultT. murissecretome is dominated by one protein with modulatory capacity although remains to be completely characterized. In addition, the secretome contains multiple other proteins and small molecules that have immunomodulatory potential, certainly by comparison to otherTrichurisspecies. Moreover,T. muris-derived exosomes/exosome-like vesicles contain both protein and multiple miRNAs providing an alternate delivery process for molecules with the potential to modulate host immunity.
Recent advances of vitamin D in immune, reproduction, performance for pig: a review
Authors: Yang Pan , Ma Yongxi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractVitamin D (VD) has been reported to play multiple and significant roles in improving pig health via modulating calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, skeletal muscle development and the immune system. Apart from food, photochemical action of 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin is the main source of this molecule for pigs. The VD from dietary intake or photosynthesized via skin can be absorbed into the liver for hydroxylation, and further hydroxylated into the hormone form of VD (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3or 1,25(OH)2D3) in the kidney. As a sterol hormone, 1,25(OH)2D3is able to bind with the VD receptor (VDR), and this ligand-receptor complex (VDR/retinoic X receptor) translocates from the cytoplasm into the nucleus to regulate gene expression, thus modulating metabolism. In this review, we summarized the recent studies regarding the non-skeletal health benefits of VD for pigs, and focused on the recent advances in the cellular and molecular mechanisms of VD that affects the immune system and reproductive health. This review provides a reference for future research and application of VD in pigs.
Ammonium in Antarctic Aerosol: Marine Biological Activity Versus Long‐Range Transport of Biomass Burning
Authors: Legrand M. , Weller R. , Preunkert S. , Jourdain B. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractYear‐round records of the ionic composition of Antarctic aerosol were obtained at the inland Dome C (DC) and coastal Neumayer (NM) sites, with additional observations of black carbon (BC) at NM. Discussions focus on the origin of ammonium in Antarctica. This first Antarctic atmospheric study of several species emitted by biomass burning (BB) indicates that BC and oxalate reach a maximum in October in relation to BB activity in the southern hemisphere. Ammonium reaches a maximum 2 months later, suggesting that BB remains a minor ammonium source there. The ammonium maximum in December coincides with the occurrence of diatom blooms in the austral ocean, suggesting that oceanic ammonia emissions are the main source of ammonium in Antarctica. The ammonium to sulfur‐derived biogenic species molar ratio of 0.15 in summer suggests far lower ammonia emissions from the Antarctic oceans than midlatitude southern oceans.
Assessing Transboundary‐Local Aerosols Interaction Over Complex Terrain Using a Doppler LiDAR Network
Authors: Huang Tao , Li Yue , Cheng Jack C. H. , Haywood Jim , Hon K. K. , Lam David H. Y. , Lee Olivia S. M. , Lolli Simone , O’Connor Ewan James , Lee Harry F. , Wang Mengya , Yim Steve H. L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTransboundary‐local aerosols interaction requires to be comprehensively understood in urban air quality research. A year‐long intensive observation of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) at multiple sites in Hong Kong was conducted using a four‐Doppler Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) network with different scanning modes. Results show that heterogeneity of the ABL in terms of mixing layer height and wind shear was induced by orographic topography. Interaction between local and advected aerosol layers during a transboundary air pollution (TAP) episode was identified by the network. During TAP episode, downward transport of transboundary aerosol relied on small scale eddies with weak wind speed in nighttime, while the transport of surface local aerosol to upper level was the dominated process in daytime, but the heterogeneity of the ABL affected by terrain determined the capacity of the mixing, eventually resulting in the opposite transport direction of aerosols in the transboundary‐local aerosols interaction.
Process modeling of municipal solid waste compost ash for reactive red 198 dye adsorption from wastewater using data driven approaches
Authors: Dehghani Mohammad Hadi , Salari Mehdi , Karri Rama Rao , Hamidi Farshad , Bahadori Roghayeh 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the present study, reactive red 198 (RR198) dye removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption using municipal solid waste (MSW) compost ash was investigated in batch mode. SEM, XRF, XRD, and BET/BJH analyses were used to characterize MSW compost ash. CNHS and organic matter content analyses showed a low percentage of carbon and organic matter to be incorporated in MSW compost ash. The design of adsorption experiments was performed by Box–Behnken design (BBD), and process variables were modeled and optimized using Box–Behnken design-response surface methodology (BBD-RSM) and genetic algorithm-artificial neural network (GA-ANN). BBD-RSM approach disclosed that a quadratic polynomial model fitted well to the experimental data (F-value = 94.596 and R2 = 0.9436), and ANN suggested a three-layer model with test-R2 = 0.9832, the structure of 4-8-1, and learning algorithm type of Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation. The same optimization results were suggested by BBD-RSM and GA-ANN approaches so that the optimum conditions for RR198 absorption was observed at pH = 3, operating time = 80 min, RR198 = 20 mg L−1 and MSW compost ash dosage = 2 g L−1. The adsorption behavior was appropriately described by Freundlich isotherm, pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Further, the data were found to be better described with the nonlinear when compared to the linear form of these equations. Also, the thermodynamic study revealed the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the adsorption process. In relation to the reuse, a 12.1% reduction in the adsorption efficiency was seen after five successive cycles. The present study showed that MSW compost ash as an economical, reusable, and efficient adsorbent would be desirable for application in the adsorption process to dye wastewater treatment, and both BBD-RSM and GA-ANN approaches are highly potential methods in adsorption modeling and optimization study of the adsorption process. The present work also provides preliminary information, which is helpful for developing the adsorption process on an industrial scale.
Genetic diversity in a unique population of dugong (Dugong dugon) along the sea coasts of Thailand
Authors: Poommouang Anocha , Kriangwanich Wannapimol , Buddhachat Kittisak , Brown Janine L. , Piboon Promporn , Chomdej Siriwadee , Kampuansai Jatupol , Mekchay Supamit , Kaewmong Patcharaporn , Kittiwattanawong Kongkiat , Nganvongpanit Korakot 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDugong (Dugong dugon) populations have been shrinking globally, due in large part to habitat fragmentation, degradation and ocean pollution, and today are listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN. Thus, determining genetic diversity in the remaining populations is essential for conservation planning and protection. In this study, measures of inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers and mtDNA D-loop typing were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of 118 dugongs from skin samples of deceased dugongs collected in Thai waters over a 29-year period. Thirteen ISSR primers revealed that dugongs from the Andaman Sea and Gulf of Thailand exhibited more genetic variation in the first 12 years of the study (1990–2002) compared to the last decade (2009–2019). Dugongs from the Andaman Sea, Trang, Satun and some areas of Krabi province exhibited greater diversity compared to other coastal regions of Thailand. Eleven haplotypes were identified, and when compared to other parts of the world (235 sequences obtained from NCBI), five clades were apparent from a total 353 sequences. Moreover, dugongs from the Andaman Sea were genetically distinct, with a separate haplotype belonging to two clades found only in Thai waters that separated from other groups around 1.2 million years ago. Genetic diversity of dugongs in present times was less than that of past decades, likely due to increased population fragmentation. Because dugongs are difficult to keep and breed in captivity, improved in situ conservation actions are needed to sustain genetically healthy wild populations, and in particular, the specific genetic group found only in the Andaman Sea.
Optimising sampling and analysis protocols in environmental DNA studies
Authors: Buxton Andrew , Matechou Eleni , Griffin Jim , Diana Alex , Griffiths Richard A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEcological surveys risk incurring false negative and false positive detections of the target species. With indirect survey methods, such as environmental DNA, such error can occur at two stages: sample collection and laboratory analysis. Here we analyse a large qPCR based eDNA data set using two occupancy models, one of which accounts for false positive error by Griffin et al. (J R Stat Soc Ser C Appl Stat 69: 377–392, 2020), and a second that assumes no false positive error by Stratton et al. (Methods Ecol Evol 11: 1113–1120, 2020). Additionally, we apply the Griffin et al. (2020) model to simulated data to determine optimal levels of replication at both sampling stages. The Stratton et al. (2020) model, which assumes no false positive results, consistently overestimated both overall and individual site occupancy compared to both the Griffin et al. (2020) model and to previous estimates of pond occupancy for the target species. The inclusion of replication at both stages of eDNA analysis (sample collection and in the laboratory) reduces both bias and credible interval width in estimates of both occupancy and detectability. Even the collection of > 1 sample from a site can improve parameter estimates more than having a high number of replicates only within the laboratory analysis.
Engineering digital biomarkers of interstitial glucose from noninvasive smartwatches
Authors: Bent Brinnae , Cho Peter J. , Henriquez Maria , Wittmann April , Thacker Connie , Feinglos Mark , Crowley Matthew J. , Dunn Jessilyn P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPrediabetes affects one in three people and has a 10% annual conversion rate to type 2 diabetes without lifestyle or medical interventions. Management of glycemic health is essential to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes. However, there is currently no commercially-available and noninvasive method for monitoring glycemic health to aid in self-management of prediabetes. There is a critical need for innovative, practical strategies to improve monitoring and management of glycemic health. In this study, using a dataset of 25,000 simultaneous interstitial glucose and noninvasive wearable smartwatch measurements, we demonstrated the feasibility of using noninvasive and widely accessible methods, including smartwatches and food logs recorded over 10 days, to continuously detect personalized glucose deviations and to predict the exact interstitial glucose value in real time with up to 84% and 87% accuracy, respectively. We also establish methods for designing variables using data-driven and domain-driven methods from noninvasive wearables toward interstitial glucose prediction.
HTNV infection of CD8+ T cells is associated with disease progression in HFRS patients
Authors: Liu Rongrong , Ma Ruixue , Liu Ziyu , Hu Haifeng , Shu Jiayi , Hu Peizhen , Kang Junjun , Zhang Yusi , Han Mingwei , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Zheng Yiting , Ying Qikang , Hou Shiyuan , Wang Wenqiu , Wang Fang , Cheng Ning , Zhuang Yan , Lian Jianqi , Jin Xia , Wu Xingan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHantaan viruses (HTNVs) are zoonotic pathogens transmitted mainly by rodents and capable of infecting humans. Increasing knowledge of the human response to HTNV infection can guide the development of new preventative vaccines and therapeutic strategies. Here, we show that HTNV can infect CD8+ T cells in vivo in patients diagnosed with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Electron microscopy-mediated tracking of the life cycle and ultrastructure of HTNV-infected CD8+ T cells in vitro showed an association between notable increases in cytoplasmic multivesicular bodies and virus production. Notably, based on a clinical cohort of 280 patients, we found that circulating HTNV-infected CD8+ T cell numbers in blood were proportional to disease severity. These results demonstrate that viral infected CD8+ T cells may be used as an adjunct marker for monitoring HFRS disease progression and that modulating T cell functions may be explored for new treatment strategies.