bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Contribution of the Spatial Hydrological Niche to Species Diversity in Rare Plant Communities of English Floodplain Meadows
Authors: Moneo Gonzalo García-Baquero , Gowing David , Wallace Hilary 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The hydrological niche is one of the few below ground spatial environmental niches, which has been shown to structure English floodplain meadows and other European and African herbaceous ecosystems. However, both the relative contribution of hydrological heterogeneity to the structure of English floodplain meadows across spatial scales and the forms of the individual species’ responses to hydrological heterogeneity remain largely unknown. Here we use a survey database of 2440 evaluation units sampled in fifteen English floodplain meadows to dissect the spatial architecture of this metacommunity and describe the relationship between the abundance of individual species and hydrological heterogeneity. Of the tested species 65% responded to spatial hydrological heterogeneity, with both monotonic and hump-shaped responses. We found that between-site beta-diversity is much stronger than within-site beta-diversity, with between-site scale hydrological variation explaining twice as much variation in community structure as within-site scale. This leads to the conclusion that a conservation strategy of rare plant communities should include not only the preservation of the diversity of local hydrological regimes, but, specially, the inclusion in the conservation system of as many and environmentally varied local plant communities as possible.
Transferrin Receptor (TFRC): A Potential Biomarker for The Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sepsis
Authors: li lin fang , liu Yao , chen mu hu , hu ying chun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective

This study applies the data independent acquisition (DIA) technique combined with bioinformatics to identify differential proteins in sepsis patients and performed ELISA method to validate the candidate protein of clinical value, in an attempt to find new biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis.
Methods

Blood samples from sepsis patients (Sepsis group, n = 50) and healthy individuals (NC group, n = 10) were collected from Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University. Mass spectrometry analysis was designed for 22 sepsis samples (randomly selected) and 10 healthy controls by DIA method, and the obtained differential proteins were subjected to GO annotation, meta-analysis and survival analysis to identify the candidate biomarker protein. ELISA was applied to validate the protein expression in original cohorts. ROC curves based on ELISA data were plotted to discuss the diagnostic and prognostic performance of the candidate protein and several clinical indexes, including C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and lactate (Lac).
Results

DIA data showed that there were 142 differential proteins in the Sepsis group versus the NC group, comprising 36 down-regulated and 106 up-regulated. GO annotation revealed that the differential proteins were significantly enriched in the biological functions involved in immune response, response to stress, inflammatory response, and cell activation. The top 11 proteins with the greatest difference were found according to the p-values in DIA (FUCO2, MGAT1, OAF, AACT, TFRC, CCL14, EXTL2, KLKB1, TETN,CRP,SAA1). Meta-analysis identified significant differential expression of TFRC in the NC versus Sepsis and in the Survival versus Non-survival groups based on GEO database. Survival analysis revealed that the low expression of TFRC indicated a higher survival rate in sepsis patients. ELISA found TFRC concentration in collected clinical samples were significant differential in the NC versus Sepsis and in the Survival versus Nonsurvival groups (p < 0.05). ROC curves gave an AUC of 0.790 for TFRC in distinguishing the normal individuals and sepsis patients, showing good diagnostic performance. Besides, the AUC for TFRC in distinguishing the survivors and deaths was 0.744, indicating good prognostic performance, which was superior to PCT, CRP and Lac.
Conclusion

This study identified TFRC through DIA, bioinformatics and ELISA analyses, which showed differential expression in sepsis patients as well as good diagnostic and prognostic value. TFRC is expected to be a potential biomarker for sepsis.
Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Acute Respiratory Infections among Under-Five Children in Uganda
Authors: Nshimiyimana Yassin , Zhou Yingchun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Globally, 7.4 million young children are being killed from infectious and treatable diseases, and Saharan Africa accounts for 90% of deaths. In Uganda, Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) remain the leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality among under-five children. The study aims to identify and analyze contributing potential risk factors of childhood ARIs disease among under-five children in Uganda.Methods: A case-control study was conducted using data for 13,493 sampled under-five children retrieved from a recent 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey. We compared two supervised tree-like structure machine learning algorithms and two logistic regression methods in terms of classification performances in predicting ARIs disease outcomes and analysing various child and parental socio-demographic, behavioural, and environmental characteristics.Results: The study results revealed that the ARIs prevalence among under-five children accounted 40.3% cases. The Logistic regression findings showed that the risk of developing childhood ARIs disease declined with increase in child's age where the risk of having ARIs was higher in children in one year of birth (AOR=1.27; p < 0:001) and lower in children aged four years old (AOR=0.69; p < 0:001) compared to the infants. Other factors such as the age of mother where children born from teen mothers (15-19 years) were high likely (AOR=1.28; p < 0:001) to have ARIs illness compared to those whose mothers were in the middle age groups, and children whose mothers breastfed showed a lower risk of ARIs disease (AOR=0.83; p < 0:001) compared to those who not breastfed. In the dry season, children were more likely to develop ARIs disease (AOR=1.34; p < 0:001) compared to the wet season, and factors such as the region of residences like central region, mother employment, and domestic cooking energy like wood were also potential risk factors of ARIs disease among under-five children in Uganda. In addition, three methods such as Decision Tree (Accuracy = 61.2%; AUC=0.610), Elastic Net Logistic Regression (Accuracy=61.7%; AUC=0.627), and Binary Logistic Regression (Accuracy=62.1%; AUC=0.638) showed approximately similar performances in predicting and classifying ARIs disease outcomes. However, the Random Forest (Accuracy=88.7%; AUC=0.951) showed superior difference in performance comparatively.Conclusion: Government and healthcare stakeholders need to make effective programs to improve public health policy against childhood infectious diseases by targeting the proper provision of maternal and child health-related education to household heads and mothers to adopt and prioritize breastfeeding practices, childcare, and ensure proper dwelling places for families and young children particularly in crowded regions and geographic places where ARIs prevalence is high.
Training Needs Assessment for Practicing Paediatric Critical Care Nurses in Malawi To Inform The Development of A Specialized Master’s Education Pathway: A Cohort Study
Authors: Renning Kelsey , de Water Brittney van , Brandstetter Shelley , Kasitomu Chisomo , Gowero Netsayi , Simbota Miriam , Majamanda Maureen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Significant improvements in under-five mortality in Malawi have been demonstrated over the past thirty years; however, Malawian healthcare remains with gaps in availability and access to quality paediatric critical care nursing training and education. To improve expertise of paediatric critical care nurses in Malawi, Kamuzu College of Nursing (KCN), Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH), and Mercy James Center (MJC) entered a partnership with Seed Global Health, a US non-governmental organization. A needs assessment was conducted to understand the training needs of nurses currently working in paediatric critical care and in preparation for the development of a specialized Master’s in Child Health pathway in Paediatric Critical Care (PCC) Nursing at KCN.
Methods

The needs assessment was completed using a survey questionnaire formatted using an ABCDE (Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, and Exposure) framework. The questionnaire had Likert scale and yes/no questions. Data was manually entered into excel and was analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results

One hundred and fifty-three nurses at QECH and MJC responded to the survey. Most nurses were between the ages of 25 and 35 years (N = 98, 64%), female (N = 105, 69%), and held either a Bachelors (N = 72, 47%) or diploma (N = 70, 46%) in nursing. Nurses had high rates of confidence in certain skills: airway management (N = 120, 99%), breathing assessment & management (N = 153, 100%). However, nurses demonstrated little to no confidence in areas such as: mechanical ventilation (N = 68, 44%), ECG evaluation (N = 74, 48%), and arterial blood gas collection & interpretation (N = 49, 32%).
Conclusion

It is important to identify priority areas for training and skills development to address in the PCC master’s within the child health pathway at KCN. Ideally this partnership will produce practice-ready PCC nurses and will establish a recognized PCC nursing workforce in Malawi.
Addictive-Like Behaviors Increase The Risk of Suicide Behaviors in Chinese Middle School Students: A Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Guo Chunyu , Wang Xiaoqing , Xia Zhengmei , Cui Yingying , Hu Jie , Xue Yanni , Huang Xuexue , Wan Yuhui , Zhang Bao , Song Xianbing , Fang Jun , Zhang Shichen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

In adolescents, multiple addictive-like behaviors (ALBs) occur frequently together which are likely to be associated with suicide behaviors (SBs), increasing the risk of suicide. This study aimed to clarify the potential subgroups of ALBs in Chinese adolescents, and examine the associations between different patterns of ALBs and SBs.
Methods

A total of 22,628 middle school students were enrolled in this study. Self-reported ALBs and SBs were investigated by questionnaires. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed based on five ALBs [smoking, alcohol use (AU), diet pills use (DPU), screen time (ST), problematic mobile phone use (PMPU)]. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to examine the associations between the different patterns of ALBs and SBs.
Results

Four subgroups of ALBs were identified by LCA, including high-risk class (smoking/AU/DPU/PMPU/ST), moderate-risk class 1 (DPU/PMPU), moderate risk class 2 (smoking/AU/ST), and low-risk class. Compared with the low-risk class, all of the moderate-risk class 1, moderate-risk class 2 and high-risk class had higher risks of suicide ideation, suicide plan, and suicide attempt.
Conclusions

These findings suggested that the patterns of ALBs were related to SBs in Chinese adolescents. Accordingly, considerations of different classes of ALBs may be essential for developing effective preventive programs.
Scavenging of Organic Pollutant And Fuel Generation Through Cost-Effective And Abundantly Accessible Rust: An Economical Approach For Waste Management And Energy Generation
Authors: Khan Nisar , Khan Idrees , Gul Tamanna , Khan Ibrahim , Ali Shahid , Saeed Khalid 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
At present, wastes management and energy generation are the foremost concerns due to their direct relationship with the biological species and environment. Herein we report utilization of iron rust (inorganic pollutant) as photocatalyst for photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) dye (organic pollutant) under visible light (economic) and water oxidation (energy generation). Iron rust was collected from metallic pipes and calcined in the furnace at 700 °C for 3 h in order to remove moisture/volatile content. The uncalcined and calcined Rust are characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Thermogravematric analysis (TGA). The morphological study illustrated that the shape of uncalcinedand calcined iron rust is spongy, porous, and agglomerated. The XRD and DLS particle size is in a few hundred-nanometer range.The photodegradation (PD) investigation shows that calcined Rust is a potent photocatalyst for the PD of modeled MB and degraded about 94% in a very short time of 11 min. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) measurements revealed that calcined Rust is more active than uncalcined Rust under simulated 1-SUN illumination with respective photocurrent densities of ~0.40 and ~0.32 mA/cm2. These results demonstrate that cheaper and abundantly available Rust can be a useful candidate for environmental and energy applications.
Effects of Orthokeratology Lens On Axial Length Elongation in Myopia With Anisometropia Children
Authors: Chen Ziyang , Chen Kai-Ming , Shi Ying , Ye Zhao-Da , Chen Sheng , Ke Fa-Jie , Hu Jun , Hu Yan-Hong , Feng Chunyan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
AimTo investigate the effect of orthokeratology (OK) lens on axial length (AL) elongation in myopia with anisometropia children.MethodsThirty-seven unilateral myopia (group 1) and fifty-nine bilateral myopia with anisometropia children were involved in this 1-year retrospective study. And bilateral myopia with anisometropia children were divided into group 2A (diopter of the lower SER eye under − 2.00D) and group 2B(diopter of the lower SER eye is equal or greater than − 2.00D). The change in AL were observed.The datas were analysed using SPSS 21.0.Results(1) In group 1, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eye were 24.70 ± 0.89 mm and 23.55 ± 0.69 mm, respectively. In group 2A, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eyes were 24.61 ± 0.84 mm and 24.00 ± 0.70 mm respectively. In group 2B, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eyes were 25.28 ± 0.72 mm and 24.70 ± 0.74 mm. After 1 year, the change in AL of the L eyes was faster than the H eyes in group 1 and group 2A (all P<0.001).While the AL of the H eyes and L eyes had the same increased rate in group 2B. (2) The effect of controlling AL elongation of H eyes is consistent in three groups (P = 0.559).The effect of controlling AL elongation of L eyes in group 2B was better than that in group 1 and group 2A (P < 0.001). And the difference between group 1 and group 2A has no statistical significance. (3) The AL difference in H eyes and L eyes decreased from baseline 1.16 ± 0.55mm to 0.88 ± 0.68mm after 1 year in group 1.And in group 2A, the AL difference in H eyes and L eyes decreased from baseline 0.61 ± 0.34mm to 0.48 ± 0.28mm. There was statistically significant difference (all P<0.001). In group 2B, the baseline AL difference in H eyes and L eyes has no significant difference from that after 1 year (P = 0.069).ConclusionsMonocular OK lens is effective on suppression AL growth of the myopic eyes and reduce anisometropia value in unilateral myopic children. Binocular OK lenses only reduce anisometropia with the diopter of the low eye under − 2.00D. Binocular OK lenses cannot reduce anisometropia with the diopter of the low eye equal or greater than − 2.00D. Whether OK lens can reduce refractive anisometropia value is related to the spherical equivalent refractive of low refractive eye in bilateral myopia with anisometropia children after 1-year follow-up.
Is Waist-To-Height Ratio The Best Predictive Indicator of Cardiovascular Disease Incidence in Hypertensive Adults? A Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Shu , Fu Xin , Du Zhi , Guo Xiaofan , Li Zhao , Sun Guozhe , Zhou Ying , Yang Hongmei , Yu Shasha , Zheng Liqiang , Sun Yingxian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) brings high mortality and economic burden to patients, especially in rural areas. Simple, low-cost abdominal adiposity measures may help identify individuals with increased CVD risk. It is unclear that which obesity indice is the best to predict CVD in hypertensive people.
Methods

NCRCHS is a prospective cohort study in a general population in Northeast China. The study examined the cardiovascular health from 2013–2015, and follow-up captured the CVD incidence in 2018. Baseline waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body mass index (BMI),waist-to-hip(WHR)and waist circumference (WC) were calculated and analyzed in relation to the CVD incidence.
Results

A total of 4244 hypertensive adults without pre-existing CVD at baseline were included in this analysis (age 35–92 years; 2108 men). Over a median follow-up of 4.66 years, a total of 290 CVD cases (6.83%) were documented during the follow-up. Baseline WHtR showed a significant positive association with CVD incidence, even after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes, drinking, smoking, SBP, DBP, Triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C, and TC (Hazard Ratios per SD of WHtR ranging from 1.03 to 1.31, p = 0.017). Reclassification and discrimination analyses indicated WHtR addition could improve the conventional model for predicting adverse outcomes within 4 years. Moreover, WHtR predicted the CVD incidence better than other obesity indices (BMI, WC, WHR).
Conclusion

These findings support a positive association between WHtR and CVD incidence in CVD-free hypertensive adults. WHtR may be useful in predicting CVD incidence in hypertensive adults.
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors for Anaemia Among Pregnant Women Attending Ante-Natal Clinic, Eswatini
Authors: Dodzo Rumbidzai , Ogunsakin Ropo Ebenezer , Ginindza Themba G. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Anaemia is one of the most common nutritional deficiency diseases observed globally and it affects about a third of the world’s population. Anaemia in pregnant women is a worldwide public health concern that has severe consequences for both mothers and infants, including maternal death and foetal and infant mortality. In Low-income countries (LICs), 25% of indirect maternal mortality and 30% of neonatal deaths are due to anaemia in pregnancy. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia and assess associated factors among pregnant women attending ante-natal care (ANC) clinic in the Kingdom of Eswatini, which might help for screening, prevention and treatment of anaemia and ultimately prevent its adverse effects. Method: A total of 550 pregnant women between 15 and 49 years from three health facilities were randomly enrolled using a cross-sectional study design, from January to March 2021. Non-probability sampling approach was used to select the appropriate study unit. A face-toface interview was done using a structured questionnaire to collect data. Multiple logistic regression was performed to assess the factors associated with anaemia among the women.Results: The overall anaemia prevalence among pregnant women was 43.1% (95% CI: 38.947.3). The mild, moderate and severe cases of anaemia were 21.3% (95%CI: 17.9-24.9); 21.1% (95%CI: 17.8-24.7) and 0.7% (95%CI: 0.2-1.9), respectively. The prevalence of anaemia was high among women aged 20-24 (11.1%, 95%CI: 8.6-14.0) and 25-29years (11.1%, 95%CI: 8.6-14.0). Factors associated with anaemia included living in the urban area (OR=1.8, 95%CI: 1.19-2.72, p=0.005) and having anaemia 6 months before pregnancy (OR=4.64, 95%CI: 1.1518.71, p=0.031). Additionally, gestational age at first ANC also was positively associated with anaemia: 3rd trimester (OR=10.42, 95%CI: 4.27-25.4, p<0.001) and 2nd trimester (OR=1.62, 95%CI: 1.02-2.60, p=0.043) Conclusion: Anaemia remains prevalent among pregnant women in Eswatini. Thus, a comprehensive anaemia prevention program would be justified and could lower the country’s burden of anemia.
The Relationship Among Occupational Stress, Coping Styles, and Mental Health of Pediatric Nurses in China: A Combination Study with the Application of the Spearman Correlation and Structural Equation Modelling
Authors: Zhou Ya-Ting , Yin Hua-Ying , Guo Xiao-Li 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Pediatric nurses experience a wide rang of stressful events at work every day, which can trigger a lot of emotional responses. The objectives of this study were mainly to assess occupational stress, coping styles and mental health among pediatric nurses,and to explore the potential interrelationships of these factors.
Methods

A total of 381 pediatric nurses from Chongqing, China were recruited in this cross-sectional study. We performed this study based on a questionnaire survey that contained the Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Symptom-Checklist 90(SCL-90).
Results

The prevalence of healthy risk stress(HRS) in pediatric nurses was 54.3%, and nurses with different genders and professional titles have different occupational stress level. The result of the positive screen rates of mental healthy problems, by descending order, they were: obsessive-compulsive symptoms (52.0%), depression (33.1%), hostility (32.8%), and so on. Wilcoxon signed rank tests analysis showed pediatric nurses had both significantly higher risk mental health problems compared to general population and national nurse population. And with the application of the Spearman correlation analysis and Structural Equation Modelling were revealed a significant relationship among occupational stress, coping style and mental health. The positive coping style had a negative direct predictive effect on occupational stress(β=-0.499,P < 0.01) and mental health(β=-0.115,P < 0.01), negative coping styles had positive predictive effect on occupational stress(β = 0.185,P < 0.01) and mental health(β = 0.205,P < 0.01). Occupational stress had significant impact on mental health(0.416,P < 0.01), and it was played a part of mediating effect between coping style and mental health.
Conclusion

A high prevalence of occupational stress and worse mental health among pediatric nurses, and occupational stress and coping styles were important predictors for their mental health. In order to improve their mental health level, more attention should be paid and modifications should be made to the occupational stress and coping style for this population.
Function Led Design of Aerogels: One-pot Self-assembly of 3D Macroscope Poly(vinyl alcohol) Aerogel for Mercury Species Removal in Aqueous Solution with Super-Fast Regeneration
Authors: Liu Jian , Bai Jing , Hei Yashuang , Liu Jingju , Ma Chong-Bo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Mercury pollutant, especially ionic mercury (Hg2+), has been ranked by the World Health Organization as one of the top ten chemicals that threatens the major public health. Absorption of Hg2+ on the solid phase is one of the effective ways for water remediation. In view of the disadvantages of most existing absorbents such as laborious preparation, secondary pollution, or time-consuming regeneration process, herein, we developed an aerogel absorbent based on poly(vinyl alcohol) and the auxiliary crosslinker of phytic acid, both of which can readily react through a self-assembly process in the hydrothermal condition. With good mechanical strength, tunable pore size and surface area, the aerogel is adequate in absorbing Hg2+ and organic mercury compound (MeHg+), and can be renewed in a super-fast process (~ 40 s). High removal rate of Hg2+ can be maintained even in presence of the competing ions (Mn2+, Cd2+, Cr2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+). The features of low-cost raw materials, straightforward synthesis, and the easy manipulation in remediation/regeneration process create a promising absorbent material to be used in the real scene.