bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) and Tru-cut biopsy for the Diagnosis of Breast Pathology
Authors: Debnath Bidyut Chandra , Ghosh Abanti , Chowdhury Abul Kalam , Jahangir Rana , Alam Ferdous , Joardar Aminul Islam , Alam Towhidul 
Published: July 2021

Background: Diagnosis of breast pathology is very important for the management of the patients.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and trucut biopsy for the diagnosis of breast pathology.
Methodology: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery at Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 1 April to 31 October 2020 for a period of six months. All the women who were attended at the OPD of the Department of Surgery with the different complaints of breast at any age were selected as study population. The different disease profiles were recorded in the data sheet.
Result: A total number of 200 patients were recruited for this study. The mean age with standard deviation was 33.85±7.969 years. The male and female ratio was 1:19. Breast pathology was found in equal in left and right side which was 100(50.0%) cases in each. The central zone was the most common area which was 90(45.0%) cases. Most of the breast pathology was firm which was 170(85.0%) cases. The comparison of FNAC and tru-cut biopsy was done. Fibroadenoma was found in 50(100.0%) cases in FNAC; but in tru-cut biopsy 10(20.0%) case was fibroadenoma; invasive ductal carcinoma was in 30(60.0%) cases and the rest of 10(20.0%) case was Phylloides tumor. In FNAC 1 case was diagnosed as gynaecomatia which was diagnosed as intradermal papilloma in tru-cut biopsy. The difference between the FNAC and tru-cut biopsy for the detection of different pathology of breast was statistically significant (p=0.000).
Conclusion: In conclusion there is a significant difference between FNAC and tru-cut biopsy for the detection of breast pathology.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 33-37
Common Risk Factors Responsible for Acute Kidney Injury among Children: Experience at Medical University in Bangladesh
Authors: Luna Sharmin Akter , Sultana Jakia , Mamun Abdullah Al , Begum Afroza , Rahman Md Habibur , Roy Ranjit Ranjan 
Published: July 2021

Background: Acute kidney injury can occur among the younger children due to different reasons.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the risk factors and primary disease responsible for acute kidney injury among younger children.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Nephrology with the collaboration of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Paediatric Neurology, Paediatric Neonatology and Microbiology and Immunology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from May 2018 to July 2019 for a period of one year. Patients with the age group of 1 month to 17 years who were at risk of AKI, and admitted in the inpatient department of Pediatrics and allied at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib University, Dhaka, Bangladesh in both sexes were selected as study population. To detect AKI, serum creatinine was measured at 0 h (baseline), 48 h and 5th day respectively.
Result: A total number of 42 patients, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. The risk factors of AKI was mainly pre renal in 60% (n=9) cases, mostly due to nephrotoxic drugs followed by hypovolemia. Renal causes were in 40% (n=6) cases. Among these 50% cases due to amikacin and 50% cases due to use of radiocontrast agent. Most patients were with renal disease which was 30(58%) cases. Among them 28(93.0%) cases were nephrotic syndrome and 2(7.0%) cases were hydronephrosis. However, 7(13%) cases were cardiac disease presented with congenital heart disease who used radiocontrast agent.
Conclusion: In conclusion most common risk factors of acute kidney injury among younger children is pre-renal causes which are due to nephrotoxic drugs.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 42-46
Role of Maternal Serum Placental Protein 13 at 11-13 weeks of Pregnancy as a Predictor of Pre-eclampsia
Authors: Asma Mahfuja , Sharmin Farzana , Begum Firoza , Begum Mahbuba , Alam Muhammad Mahmud 
Published: July 2021

Background: Prediction of pre-eclampsia is very important during pregnancy.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the role of maternal serum placental protein 13 at 11 to 13 weeks of pregnancy as a predictor of pre-eclampsia.
Methodology: This prospective cohort study was carried out including 83 pregnant women with early gestation (11-13 weeks) attending the antenatal clinic of BSMMU hospital, Dhaka, during the period of July 2019 to December 2019 for a period of six months. Maternal serum was taken for measurement of Placental Protein 13 by ELISA technique. Then the subjects were regularly followed up to term. At each visit they were clinically evaluated by measuring blood pressure and testing urine for protein by heat coagulation method. Proteinuria was confirmed by measuring 24 hour urinary total protein.
Result: Out of 83 cases, 5 developed preeclampsia. The mean value of Placental Protein 13 in non-preeclampsia patients was 167.5±8.79 and in pre-eclamptic patients was 131.54±20.06. The cutoff point value of Placental Protein 13 for prediction of preeclampsia was 0.68 MoM. Area under curve (AUC) was 0.93. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of this test were 80.00%, 94.94%, 50.00% and 98.68% respectively. The accuracy of this test was 93.98%.
Conclusion: In conclusion maternal serum Placental Protein 13 can predict risk of development of preeclampsia.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 47-51
Multimorbidity Patterns Among Hospitalized Geriatric Patients in Medicine Wards of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City
Authors: Kalam Sumiya Bent , Islam Sadia , Khan Mohammad Abdullah Az Zubayer , Akhter Tanjina 
Published: July 2021

Background: Elderly people are posing a significant health burden in our country for their multi morbidity as economic growth has increased our life expectancy. Pattern of multi morbidity of this older people varies according to geography, ethnicity, culture and life style.
Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and pattern of multi morbidity of elderly patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital.
Method: 50 random cases of elderly patients aged more than 60 years admitted in medicine and allied wards of Dhaka medical college hospital were observed at this cross-sectional study from January 2017 to June 2017(total 6 months period). Data were reviewed and analyzed using simple frequency and percentage. Protocol was reviewed by institutional ethical board (IRB) of Dhaka medical college hospital.
Result: A total number of 50 elderly patients with age ranging from 60 to 95 years were observed with male and female ratio 1.3:1 having multi morbidity among 92.0% patients and female is more affected than male. Hypertension, ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus and stroke were found most common diseases as individual. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus was found as the most common multi morbidity pattern followed by hypertension and IHD, stroke & diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion: This study sheds light on priority needs of elderly patients in terms of medical facility in tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 56-59
Genetics of Adult Onset Stroke Subtypes: A Review of Current Knowldege and Future Prospects
Authors: Islam Muhammad Sougatul , Islam Bitali , Amin Munia , Hasan ATM Hasibul 
Published: July 2021

The genetic contribution in stroke onset depends on the stroke subtypes. Understanding the genetic mechanism may influence the future direction in stroke management. There is complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors for any stroke event. Very small proportion of stroke is attributable to mendelian disorders. Stroke may also manifest as part of a syndromic disease in the form of single gene multisystem disorder. But there is no direct contribution of genetic polymorphism in conventional stroke subtypes. Specific genetic loci increase the suspectibility to development of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipideamia or influence the coagulation pathway or chance of atheroma formation and embolism. While chr9p21 locus or PITX2 and ZFHX3 are related to cardioemetabolic, HDAC9, TSPAN2 and 9p21 locus are responsible for the large vessel occlusion. On the otherhand, genome-wide significant locus on chromosome 1q22 the APOE locus are found to have significant association with intracerebral hemorrhage. But the direct pathophysiologic relationship of genetic plymorphirsm may be linked to onset of sub arachnoid hemorrhage. MMP-3, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, VCAM-1 etc have been found to be responsible for intracranial aneurysm formation, growth and risk of rupture.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 75-86
Korelasi Sudut Lumbosakral Berdasarkan MRI Lumbosakral dengan Oswestry Disability Index (ODI Score) pada Degenerative Disk Disease
Authors: Yuliawati Yuliawati , Ilyas Muhammad , Murtala Bachtiar , Alfian Zainuddin Andi , Kaelan Cahyono , Muis Mirna 
Published: July 2021

Pengukuran sudut lumbosacral merupakan salah satu parameter dalam mengevaluasi kemungkinan etiologi dari nyeri punggung bawah yang disebabkan oleh degenerative disc disease. Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) Score digunakan untuk mengukur disabilitas pada nyeri punggung bawah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada korelasi antara sudut lumbosakral berdasarkan MRI Lumbosakral dengan Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) Score pada degenerative disk disease. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional yang dilaksanakan di Departemen Radiologi RS dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar mulai bulan Mei sampai September 2020, didapatkan sampel sebanyak 67 pasien dengan keluhan nyeri punggung bawah dan telah mengisi kuisioner Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) Score serta menjalani pemeriksaan MRI lumbosacral. Pengukuran sudut lumbosacral dilakukan pada irisan mid sagital di work station MRI, derajat degenerative disc disease dinilai berdasarkan klasifikasi Pfirrmann. Metode yang digunakan adalah uji korelasi Spearman dan Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara sudut lumbal lordosis (nilai p adalah 0,014), sudut sacral inclination (nilai p adalah 0,002), sudut sacral horizontal (nilai p adalah 0,034), umur (nilai p kurang dari 0,0001) dengan degenerative disk disease. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara sudut lumbosacral disc (nilai p adalah 0,250), jenis kelamin (nilai p adalah 0,796), index massa tubuh (nilai p adalah 0,707) dengan degenerative disk disease. Adanya korelasi antara sudut lumbal lordosis (nilai p adalah 0,046), umur (nilai p kurang dari 0,0001), index massa tubuh (p kurang dari 0,0001) dengan ODI score. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara sudut lumbosacral disc (nilai p adalah 0,072), sudut sacral inclination (nilai p adalah 0,090), sudut sacral horizontal (nilai p adalah 0,143), jenis kelamin (nilai p adalah 0,337) dengan ODI score. Adanya korelasi antara derajat degenerative disk disease dengan derajat ODI score (p kurang dari 0,0001)
Analysis of Sequence and Copy Number Variants in Canadian Patient Cohort With Familial Cancer Syndromes Using a Unique Next Generation Sequencing Based Approach
Authors: Bhai Pratibha , Levy Michael A. , Rooney Kathleen , Carere Deanna Alexis , Reilly Jack , Kerkhof Jennifer , Volodarsky Michael , Stuart Alan , Kadour Mike , Panabaker Karen , Schenkel Laila C. , Lin Hanxin , Ainsworth Peter , Sadikovic Bekim 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundHereditary cancer predisposition syndromes account for approximately 10% of cancer cases. Next generation sequencing (NGS) based multi-gene targeted panels is now a frontline approach to identify pathogenic mutations in cancer predisposition genes in high-risk families. Recent evolvement of NGS technologies have allowed simultaneous detection of sequence and copy number variants (CNVs) using a single platform. In this study, we have analyzed frequency and nature of sequence variants and CNVs, in a Canadian cohort of patients, suspected with hereditary cancer syndrome, referred for genetic testing following specific genetic testing guidelines based on patient’s personal and/or family history of cancer.MethodsA 2870 patients were subjected to a single NGS based multi-gene targeted hereditary cancer panel testing algorithm to identify sequence variants and CNVs in cancer predisposition genes at our reference laboratory in Southwestern Ontario. CNVs identified by NGS were confirmed by alternative techniques like Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA).ResultsA 15% (431/2870) patients had a pathogenic variant and 36% (1032/2870) had a variant of unknown significance (VUS), in a cancer susceptibility gene. A total of 287 unique pathogenic variant were identified, out of which 23 (8%) were novel. CNVs identified by NGS based approach accounted for 9.5% (27/287) of pathogenic variants, confirmed by alternate techniques with high accuracy.ConclusionThis study emphasizes the utility of NGS based targeted testing approach to identify both sequence and CNVs in patients suspected with hereditary cancer syndromes in clinical setting and expands the mutational spectrum of high and moderate penetrance cancer predisposition genes.
Contemporary Progresses in Ultrasonic Welding of Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites
Authors: Selvaraj Senthil Kumaran , Srinivasan Kathiravan , Chadha Utkarsh , Mishra Rajat , Arpit Kurane , Apurb Kumar , Hu Yuh-Chung 
Published: July 2021

Graphical AbstractA Brief Review of the Ultrasonic welding process flow and sequence for joining aluminium metal matrix composite.
Immune-Related lncRNA Signature for Predicting the Immune Landscape of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yin Ji , Li Xiaohui , Lv Caifeng , He Xian , Luo Xiaoqin , Li Sen , Hu Wenjian 
Published: July 2021

Background: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays a significant role in the development, establishment, and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This article aims to develop an immune-related lncRNA (irlncRNA) model, regardless of expression levels, for risk assessment and prognosis prediction in HNSCC patients.Methods: We obtained clinical data and corresponding full transcriptome expression of HNSCC patients from TCGA, downloaded GTF files to distinguish lncRNAs from Ensembl, discerned irlncRNAs based on co-expression analysis, distinguished differentially expressed irlncRNAs (DEirlncRNAs), and paired these DEirlncRNAs. Univariate Cox regression analysis, LASSO regression analysis, and stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis were then performed to screen lncRNA pairs, calculate the risk coefficient, and establish a prognosis model. Finally, the predictive power of this model was validated through the AUC and the ROC curves, and the AIC values of each point on the five-year ROC curve were calculated to select the maximum inflection point, which was applied as a cut-off point to divide patients into low- or high-risk groups. Based on this methodology, we were able to more effectively differentiate between these groups in terms of survival, clinico-pathological characteristics, tumor immune infiltrating status, chemotherapeutics sensitivity, and immunosuppressive molecules.Results: A 13-irlncRNA-pair signature was built, and the ROC analysis demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity of this signature for survival prediction. The Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated that the high-risk group had a significantly shorter survival rate than the low-risk group, and the chi-squared test certified that the signature was highly related to survival status, clinical stage, T stage, and N stage. Additionally, the signature was further proven to be an independent prognostic risk factor via the Cox regression analyses, and immune infiltrating analyses showed that the high-risk group had significant negative relationships with various immune infiltrations. Finally, the chemotherapeutics sensitivity and the expression level of molecular markers were also significantly different between high- and low-risk groups.Conclusion: The signature established by paring irlncRNAs, with regard to specific expression levels, can be utilized for survival prediction and to guide clinical therapy in HNSCC.
Neuroimaging Markers of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease on Hemorrhagic Transformation and Functional Outcome After Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Yiqiao , Yan Xiaoting , Zhan Jie , Zhang Peiming , Zhang Guangming , Ge Shuqi , Wen Hao , Wang Lin , Xu Nenggui , Lu Liming 
Published: July 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) on neuroimaging of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and poor functional outcome (PFO).Methods: A thorough search of several databases was carried out to identify relevant studies up to December 2020. We included studies of patients with AIS and neuroimaging markers of CSVD treated with IVT. The primary outcome was HT, and the secondary outcomes were sICH and 3-month PFO. The quality of the studies involved was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). The meta-analysis with the fixed effects model was performed.Results: Twenty-four eligible studies (n = 9,419) were pooled in the meta-analysis. All included studies were regarded as high quality with the NOS scores of at least 6 points. The meta-analysis revealed associations between the presence of CSVD and HT, sICH, and the 3-month PFO after IVT. Compared with no CSVD, the presence of CSVD was associated with an increased risk of HT (OR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.52–2.16), sICH (OR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.76–3.33), and 3-month PFO (OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.89–2.44). For patients with AIS complicated with CSVD, compared with a CSVD score of 0–1, a CSVD score of 2–4 was associated with an increased risk of HT (OR: 3.10, 95% CI: 1.67–5.77), sICH (OR: 2.86, 95% CI: 1.26–6.49), and 3-month PFO (OR: 4.58, 95% CI: 2.97–7.06).Conclusion: Patients with AIS complicated with neuroimaging markers of CSVD are at increased risk of HT and 3-month PFO after IVT. However, it is still necessary to clarify the exact role of CSVD in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of AIS.Systematic Review Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier CRD4202123 3900.
Clinical Activity and Safety of Penpulimab (Anti-PD-1) With Anlotinib as First-Line Therapy for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Open-Label, Multicenter, Phase Ib/II Trial (AK105-203)
Authors: Han Chun , Ye Sisi , Hu Chunhong , Shen Liangfang , Qin Qun , Bai Yuxian , Yang Shizhong , Bai Chunmei , Zang Aimin , Jiao Shunchang , Bai Li 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of penpulimab (a humanized anti-PD-1 IgG1 antibody) with anlotinib in the first-line treatment of Chinese patients with uHCC.MethodsIn this open-label multicenter phase Ib/II trial, patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed uHCC, without previous systemic treatment, aged 18–75 years old, classified as BCLC stage B (not amenable for locoregional therapy) or C, with Child–Pugh score ≤7 and ECOG performance status ≤1 were enrolled. Patients received penpulimab [200 mg intravenous (i.v.) Q3W] and oral anlotinib (8 mg/day, 2 weeks on/1 week off). The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included safety, disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), time to progression (TTP), duration of response (DoR), and overall survival (OS). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04172571).ResultsAt the data cutoff (December 30, 2020), 31 eligible patients had been enrolled and treated with a median follow-up of 14.7 months (range, 1.4–22.1). The ORR was 31.0% (95% CI, 15.3–50.8%), and the DCR was 82.8% (95% CI, 64.2–94.2%). The median PFS and TTP for 31 patients were 8.8 months (95% CI, 4.0–12.3) and 8.8 months (95% CI, 4.0–12.9) respectively. The median OS was not reached; the 12-month OS rate was 69.0% (95% CI, 48.9–82.5%). Only 19.4% (6/31) of patients had grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs).ConclusionPenpulimab plus anlotinib showed promising anti-tumor activity and a favorable safety profile as first-line treatment of patients with uHCC.
Patient-Derived Xenograft Models for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma and Their Application in Guiding Personalized Medicine
Authors: Gao Yang , Zhou Rong , Huang Jun-Feng , Hu Bo , Cheng Jian-Wen , Huang Xiao-Wu , Wang Peng-Xiang , Peng Hai-Xiang , Guo Wei , Zhou Jian , Fan Jia , Yang Xin-Rong 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains one of the most intractable malignancies. The development of effective drug treatments for ICC is seriously hampered by the lack of reliable tumor models. At present, patient derived xenograft (PDX) models prove to accurately reflect the genetic and biological diversity required to decipher tumor biology and therapeutic vulnerabilities. This study was designed to investigate the establishment and potential application of PDX models for guiding personalized medicine and identifying potential biomarker for lenvatinib resistance.MethodsWe generated PDX models from 89 patients with ICC and compared the morphological and molecular similarities of parental tumors and passaged PDXs. The clinicopathologic features affecting PDX engraftment and the prognostic significance of PDX engraftment were analyzed. Drug treatment responses were analyzed in IMF-138, IMF-114 PDX models and corresponding patients. Finally, lenvatinib treatment response was examined in PDX models and potential drug resistance mechanism was revealed.ResultsForty-nine PDX models were established (take rate: 55.1%). Successful PDX engraftment was associated with negative HbsAg (P = 0.031), presence of mVI (P = 0.001), poorer tumor differentiation (P = 0.023), multiple tumor number (P = 0.003), presence of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001), and later TNM stage (P = 0.039). Moreover, patients with tumor engraftment had significantly shorter time to recurrence (TTR) (P &lt; 0.001) and worse overall survival (OS) (P &lt; 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that PDX engraftment was an independent risk factor for shortened TTR (HR = 1.84; 95% CI, 1.05–3.23; P = 0.034) and OS (HR = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.11–4.11; P = 0.024). PDXs were histologically and genetically similar to their parental tumors. We also applied IMF-138 and IMF-114 PDX drug testing results to guide clinical treatment for patients with ICC and found similar treatment responses. PDX models also facilitated personalized medicine for patients with ICC based on drug screening results using whole exome sequencing data. Additionally, PDX models reflected the heterogeneous sensitivity to lenvatinib treatment and CDH1 might be vital to lenvatinib-resistance.ConclusionPDX models provide a powerful platform for preclinical drug discovery, and potentially facilitate the implementation of personalized medicine and improvement of survival of ICC cancer patient.