bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Presentations, Management and Outcomes of Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM) Following COVID-19: A Multi-Centric Study
Authors: Dave Tarjani Vivek , Gopinathan Nair Akshay , Hegde Raghuraj , Vithalani Nidhi , Desai Savari , Adulkar Namrata , Kamal Saurabh , Mittal Raman , Bradoo Renuka A. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
To report clinical presentations and factors affecting outcomes in rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis following COVID-19.

Methods:
Retrospective multi-centric interventional case series of 58 eyes with rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis. Demography, clinical parameters and management outcomes were noted. Factors affecting outcome and mortality were analyzed. Outcome was defined as favorable when complete resolution or stabilization without further progression of the infection was noted at last visit.

Results:
Mean age was 55 ± 11 years (median 56). The mean HbA1c value was 10.44 ± 2.84 mg% (median 10.5). The duration between the diagnosis of COVID-19 and rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis was 16 ± 21 days (median: 8 days). Thirty-six eyes (62%) had no vision at presentation. Imaging revealed paranasal sinus involvement (100%), orbital apex involvement (41%), cavernous sinus involvement (30%), and central nervous system (CNS) involvement (33%). All the patients were treated with systemic Liposomal amphotericin-B and sinus debridement. Twenty-two eyes (38%) underwent exenteration. One eye underwent transcutaneous retrobulbar amphotericin-B. The mean follow-up duration was 5.62 ± 0.78 months (median 6). Favorable outcome was seen in 35 (60%) cases. Presence of uncontrolled diabetes (p = 0.001), orbital apex involvement (p = 0.04), CNS involvement (p = 0.04), and history of steroid use (p < 0.0001) resulted in unfavorable outcome. CNS involvement was the only factor predicting mortality (p = 0.03). Mortality was seen in 20 (34%) patients.

Conclusion:
Over a third of patients with rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis following COVID-19 have an unfavorable clinical outcome. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus at presentation, involvement of the orbital apex, CNS, and the usage of steroids were associated with poorer outcomes. CNS involvement was a factor determining mortality.
Effects of Pemphigus Vulgaris Serum on the Expression of ATP2C1 and PKP3 in HaCaT Cells
Authors: Pan Qiao-Lin , Xie Zhi-Min , Dai Xiang-Nong , Zhang Yi , Shen Xu-Cheng , Li Qing-Qing , Ye Xing-Dong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objective:
To investigate the effects of serum from patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) on the transcription and protein expression level of calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1 (ATP2C1) and plakophilin 3 (PKP3) in HaCaT cells.

Methods:
The HaCaT cells were divided into four groups: PV sera group, anti-Dsg3 monoclonal antibody group (AK23, positive control group), normal healthy serum group, and blank cell group. The groups were treated with corresponding different conditions for 24 hours. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein levels of ATP2C1 and PKP3.

Results:
Compared with the blank group, the mRNA level of the ATP2C1 and PKP3 genes in PV sera group was significantly increased by 384% and 404%, respectively (both P < 0.001). The treatment of PV sera and anti-Dsg3 antibody increased PKP3 protein expression (P = 0.03 and P = 0.004) but decreased protein expression of ATP2C1 in HaCaT cells (both P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Our study indicates that serum from patients with PV promotes both ATP2C1 and PKP3 transcription in HaCaT cells, implying that the two genes may be involved in the pathological process of PV.
Effects of Living Alone and Sedentary Behavior on Quality of Life in Patients With Multimorbidities: A Secondary Analysis of Cross-Sectional Survey Data Obtained From the National Community Database
Authors: AHN Young Eun , KOH Chin Kang 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Having multimorbidities may increase health problems. Moreover, health-related quality of life correlates negatively with the number of chronic conditions a patient has. Living alone has been identified as a predictor of poorer quality of life, and a sedentary lifestyle is widely known to increase health problems and mortality.

Purpose
This study was designed to identify the effects of living alone and of sedentary behavior on health-related quality of life in patients with multimorbidities using nationally representative community data.

Methods
A secondary data analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was conducted. In this study, 1,725 adult patients aged 19 years and above with two or more chronic diseases were selected for the analysis. Health-related quality of life was measured using the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions. Multiple logistic regression was performed to identify the effects of living alone and of sedentary behavior on health-related quality of life. The statistical analyses took into account the components of the complex sampling design such as the strata, clusters, weights, and adjustment procedures, and missing data were treated in a valid manner.

Results
After adjusting for gender, age, employment status, and number of chronic diseases, it was found that the odds of having a high health-related quality of life were lower in single households than in multiperson households (odds ratio = 0.62, 95% confidence interval [0.46, 0.84]). In addition, after adjusting for gender, age, employment status, number of chronic diseases, and living arrangement, the odds of having a high health-related quality of life decreased as sedentary time increased (odds ratio = 0.93, 95% confidence interval [0.89, 0.96]).

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
To improve quality of life in patients with multimorbidities, nursing interventions that support patients who live alone and have complicated disease-related issues and that reduce sedentary behavior should be developed.
Making a Case for Multimodal IPE: Developing a Competency-Based Interprofessional Curriculum for Health Professions Learners at Rural Campuses
Authors: Woltenberg Leslie N. , Irving Shelley R. , Aulisio Madeline C. , Schuer Kevin M. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this 4-year study was to explore the efficacy of a multimodal interprofessional education (IPE) curriculum that was developed for learners at rural campuses.

Methods
Over the study period, participants included 113 learners and 7 faculty facilitators from 4 degree programs: Physician Assistant Studies, Social Work, Imaging Sciences, and Medicine. The study used a mixed-methods design, which included a combination of rating scale items (quantitative) and open response items (qualitative).

Results
The results demonstrated statistically significant gains in the development of interprofessional competencies and a medium-large effect size for practical significance. The overall program evaluation ratings demonstrated learner satisfaction at or above the midpoint (benchmark) for each of the 4 years evaluated. The faculty facilitation was also rated highly.

Conclusion
The results of this 4-year study indicate that the Rural IPE program curriculum effectively employed technology to meaningfully engage rural learners in the acquisition and application of interprofessional competencies.
Comparing online support groups with psychoeducation versus psychoeducation alone for distressed breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Baydoun Mohamad , Speca Michael , Taylor-Brown Jill , Stephen Joanne , Piedalue Katherine-Ann , Turner Jill , Carlson Linda E. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background:
Online support groups are one forum that can help breast cancer survivors cope with negative mood states, but little is known about their effects compared to self-administered psycho-educational interventions. This randomized controlled trial compared the effects of synchronous, text-based professionally led online support groups (OSGs) plus a psychoeducational coping skills training program, called Nucare, versus Nucare alone in distressed survivors of breast cancer.

Methods:
Consented participants were randomized to an OSG (90-minute once-weekly session for 12 weeks) plus home-based Nucare or a self-directed home-based Nucare intervention alone. The primary outcome was the Profile of Mood States-Short Form – Total Mood Disturbance score (POMS-TMD). Secondary outcomes included measures of anxiety, depression, coping, illness intrusiveness, and loneliness. Outcomes were measured before and after the intervention, and 3 months post-intervention (follow-up).

Results:
One hundred twenty-five stage I–III breast cancer survivors enrolled with a mean age of 53 years (OSG plus Nucare [n = 68]; Nucare alone [n = 57]). There was a significant improvement in POMS-TMD scores among the entire study sample during the intervention period (Cohen's d
=
0.25, P
=
.002), which was maintained over follow-up. The group × time interactions on POMS-TMD over the intervention and follow-up periods were not significant (all Ps > .05), indicating neither group outperformed the other. Group x time interactions on three coping domains (positive reframing, use of instrumental support, self-blame) favored Nucare alone over OSG plus Nucare during the intervention period (Cohen's d ranged from 0.40 to 0.48), while group x time interactions over the follow-up period favored OSG plus Nucare over Nucare alone on loneliness (Cohen's d
=
0.34) and one coping domain (self-blame) (Cohen's d
=
0.58). Anxiety, depression, and illness intrusiveness were not significantly different between groups at any time point (all Ps
>
.05).

Conclusion:
OSGs plus Nucare were not found superior to Nucare alone in improving mood disturbance. Mood improvement among the entire sample indicates that regular use of either Nucare alone or in combination with OSGs may have the potential to ameliorate negative mood states in breast cancer survivors.
Does undertaking genome sequencing prompt actual and planned lifestyle-related behavior change in cancer patients and survivors? A qualitative study
Authors: Vatter Sabina , Bartley Nicci , Best Megan , Juraskova Ilona , Jacobs Chris , Ballinger Mandy L. , Thomas David M. , Butow Phyllis 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background:
In order for genomic testing to fulfil its promise of helping cancer patients and survivors to prevent future disease, it is important to consider its behavioral impact and outcomes. This study explored the factors that participants perceived would impact lifestyle-related behavioral intentions following genome sequencing (GS).

Methods:
Individual semistructured interviews were conducted to explore behavioral intentions with a purposive subsample of 24 adults with a past or current cancer of likely heritable aetiology who undertook germline GS as part of a larger genetic study (RisC). Participants were interviewed 12 months following their consent to a longitudinal psychosocial sub-study of RisC (PiGeOn study), before receipt of results. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results:
Analysis revealed 3 main themes: past prompts, barriers, and motivators to behavior change. The primary goal for behavioral change was to be healthy for oneself and one's family. Past experience of cancer facilitated positive modifications to lifestyle, such as increased exercise and healthy diet, higher prioritization of mental health and well-being, and regular health check-ups and tests. Maintaining these changes, however, was difficult for some due to daily commitments and lack of self-control. Limited knowledge and perceived inevitability of developing cancer due to genetic predisposition were recognized as barriers to making lifestyle changes. Concurrently, future receipt of actionable results was perceived as a powerful driver of behavior change.

Conclusion:
Understanding barriers and facilitators to behavior intention and patients’ attitudes to recommended lifestyle change in the context of genomic testing can be useful for health care professionals, to guide their discussions of behavioral change.
The Role of Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Crush Syndrome-Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Lv Qi , Long Manman , Wang Xin , Shi Jie , Wang Pengtao , Guo Xiaoqin , Song Jie , Midgley Adam C. , Fan Haojun , Hou Shike 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Crush syndrome (CS) is the most common cause of deaths following earthquakes and other disasters. The pathogenesis of CS has yet to be fully elucidated. Thus, clinical choice of ideal drug treatments for CS remains deficient.

Methods and Results:
In this study, we first evaluated the relation between extrusion force and the severities of CS. Rats were exposed to different extrusion forces: 1 kg, 3 kg, 5 kg, and 8 kg, respectively. Survival rates, crushed muscle tissue edema, serum biochemical parameters, and histopathological staining were used to assess severity. Our results showed that there were no statistical differences in survival rate or changes in thigh circumference among the different extrusion forces groups. However, serum levels of potassium, creatine kinase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and myoglobin were elevated at 12- and 24-h post-decompression in 5 kg and 8 kg groups, compared with 1 kg and 3 kg groups. Histopathological staining demonstrated that the degree of organ damage to kidney, muscle, and lung tissues correlated with increasing extrusion force. We next analyzed changes in serum protein profiles in 3 kg or 5 kg extrusion pressure groups. A total of 76 proteins (20 upregulated, 56 downregulated) were found to be altered at all three time points (0, 12, and 72 h) post-decompression, compared with the control group. Three common upregulated proteins alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (α1-AGP), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and Haptoglobin were selected for validation of increased expression. α1-AGP was explored as a treatment for CS-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Intraperitoneal injection of α1-AGP protected kidneys from CS-induced AKI by regulating TNF-α and IL-6 production, attenuating neutrophil recruitment, and reducing renal cell apoptosis.

Conclusion:
Our findings demonstrated that the severity of crush injury is causally related to extrusion pressure and increase in blood serum markers. Our identification of the biomarker and treatment candidate, α1-AGP, suggests its implication in predicting the severity of CS and its use as a mediator of CS-induced AKI, respectively.
Can we clinically identify pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19?
Authors: Elhamamsy Salaheldin , DeVone Frank , Bayer Tom , Halladay Chris , Cadieux Marilyne , McConeghy Kevin , Rajan Ashna , Sachar Moniyka , Mujahid Nadia , Nanda Aman , McNicoll Lynn , Rudolph James L , Gravenstein Stefan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesCOVID-19 has had a severe impact on morbidity and mortality among nursing home (NH) residents. Earlier detection of SARS-CoV-2 may position us to better mitigate risk of spread. Both asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic transmission are common in outbreaks, and threshold temperatures, such as 38C, for screening for infection could miss timely detection in the majority.DesignRetrospective cohort study using electronic health recordsMethodsWe hypothesized that in long-term care residents, temperature trends with SARS-CoV-2 infection could identify infection in pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals earlier. We collected information about age and other demographics, baseline temperature, and specific comorbidities. We created standardized definitions, and an alternative hypothetical model to test measures of temperature variation and compare outcomes to the VA reality.Settings and participantsOur subjects were 6,176 residents of the VA NHs who underwent SARS-CoV-2 trigger testing.ResultsWe showed that a change from baseline of >0.4C identifies 47% of the SARS-CoV-2 positive NH residents early, and achieves earlier detection by 42.2 hours. Range improves early detection to 55% when paired with a 37.2C cutoff, and achieves earlier detection by 44.4 hours. Temperature elevation >0.4C from baseline, when combined with a 0.7C range, would detect 52% early, leading to earlier detection by more than 3 days in 22% of the residents. This earlier detection comes at the expense of triggering 57,793 tests, as compared to the number of trigger tests ordered in the VA system of 40,691.Conclusion and implicationsOur model suggests that current clinical screening for SARS-CoV-2 in NHs can be substantially improved upon by triggering testing using a patient-derived baseline temperature with a 0.4C degree relative elevation or temperature variability of 0.7C trigger threshold for SARS-CoV2 testing. Such triggers could be automated in facilities that track temperatures in their electronic records.
Risk of Myocarditis from COVID-19 Infection in People Under Age 20: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Singer Mendel E. , Taub Ira B. , Kaelber David C 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere have been recent reports of myocarditis (including myocarditis, pericarditis or myopericarditis) as a side-effect of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines, particularly in young males. Less information is available regarding the risk of myocarditis from COVID-19 infection itself. Such data would be helpful in developing a complete risk-benefit analysis for this population.MethodsA de-identified, limited data set was created from the TriNetX Research Network, aggregating electronic health records from 48 mostly large U.S. Healthcare Organizations (HCOs). Inclusion criteria were a first COVID-19 diagnosis during the April 1, 2020 - March 31, 2021 time period, with an outpatient visit 1 month to 2 years before, and another 6 months to 2 years before that. Analysis was stratified by sex and age (12-17, 12-15, 16-19). Patients were excluded for any prior cardiovascular condition. Primary outcome was an encounter diagnosis of myocarditis within 90 days following the index date. Rates of COVID-19 cases and myocarditis not identified in the system were estimated and the results adjusted accordingly. Wilson score intervals were used for 95% confidence intervals due to the very low probability outcome.ResultsFor the 12-17-year-old male cohort, 6/6,846 (0.09%) patients developed myocarditis overall, with an adjusted rate per million of 450 cases (Wilson score interval 206 - 982). For the 12-15 and 16-19 male age groups, the adjusted rates per million were 601 (257 - 1,406) and 561 (240 - 1,313).For 12-17-year-old females, there were 3 (0.04%) cases of myocarditis of 7,361 patients. The adjusted rate was 213 (73 - 627) per million cases. For the 12-15- and 16-19-year-old female cohorts the adjusted rates per million cases were 235 (64 - 857) and 708 (359 - 1,397).The outcomes occurred either within 5 days (40.0%) or from 19-82 days (60.0%).ConclusionsMyocarditis (or pericarditis or myopericarditis) from primary COVID19 infection occurred at a rate as high as 450 per million in young males. Young males infected with the virus are up 6 times more likely to develop myocarditis as those who have received the vaccine.
MicroRNA childhood Cancer Catalog (M3Cs): A Resource for Translational Bioinformatics Toward Health Informatics in Pediatric Cancer
Authors: Rashed Wafaa M. , Adel Fatima , Rezk Mohamed A. , Basiouny Lina , Rezk Ahmed A. , Abdel-Razek Ahmed H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundMicroRNA childhood Cancer Catalog (M3Cs) is high-quality curated collection of published miRNA research studies on 16 pediatric cancer diseases. M3Cs scope was based on two approaches: data-driven clinical significance and data-driven human pediatric cell line models.MethodM3Cs development passed through three phases: 1. Literature Mining: It includes external database search and screening. 2. Data processing that includes 3 steps: a-Data Extraction, b-Data Curation & annotation, c-Web Development. 3. Publishing: Shinyapps.io was used as a web interface for the deployment of M3Cs. M3Cs is now available online and can be accessed through https://m3cs.shinyapps.io/M3Cs/.ResultsFor Data-driven clinical significance Approach, 538 miRNAs from 268 publications were reported in the clinical domain while 7 miRNAs from 5 publications were reported in the clinical & drug domain. For data-driven human pediatric cell line models approach, 538 miRNAs from 1268 publications were reported in cell line domain while 211 miRNAs from 177 publications in cell line & drug domain.ConclusionM3Cs acted to fill the gap by applying translational bioinformatics (TBI) general pathway to transfer data-driven research toward data-driven clinical care and/or hypothesis generation. Aggregated and well-curated data of M3Cs will enable stakeholders in health care to incorporate miRNA in the clinical policy.
Joint representations of color and form in mouse visual cortex described by random pooling from rods and cones
Authors: Rhim I. , Nauhaus I. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSpatial transitions in color can aid any visual perception task, and its neural representation – the “integration of color and form” – is thought to begin at primary visual cortex (V1). An integration of color and form is untested in mouse V1, yet studies show that the ventral retina provides the necessary substrate from green-sensitive rods and UV-sensitive cones. Here, we used two-photon imaging in V1 to measure spatial frequency (SF) tuning along four axes of rod and cone contrast space, including luminance and color. We first reveal that V1’s sensitivity to color is similar to luminance, yet average SF tuning is significantly shifted lowpass for color. Next, guided by linear models, we used SF tuning along all four color axes to estimate the proportion of neurons that fall into classic models of color opponency – “single-”, “double-”, and “non-opponent”. Few neurons (~6%) fit criteria for double-opponency, which are uniquely tuned for chromatic borders. Most of the population can be described as a unimodal distribution ranging from strongly single-opponent to non-opponent. Consistent with recent studies of the rodent and primate retina, our V1 data is well-described by a simple model in which ON and OFF channels to V1 sample the photoreceptor mosaic randomly.