bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of Candidate Gene Expression and Neuroprotection by Piperine in Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemia and Memory Impairment in Rats
Authors: Kumar Suresh , Chowdhury Suman , Razdan Ajay , Kumari Deepa , Purty Ram Singh , Ram Heera , Kumar Pramod , Nayak Prasunpriya , Shukla Sunil Dutt 
Published: March 2021

There is accumulating evidence showing that hyperglycemia conditions like diabetes possess a greater risk of impairment to the neuronal system because high glucose levels exacerbate oxidative stress, accumulation of amyloid-beta peptides, and mitochondrial dysfunction, and impair cognitive functions and cause neurodegeneration conditions like Alzheimer’s diseases. Due to the extensive focus on pharmacological intervention to prevent neuronal cells’ impairment induced by hyperglycemia, the underlying molecular mechanism that links between Diabetes and Alzheimer’s is still lacking. Given this, the present study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of piperine on streptozotocin (STZ) induced hyperglycemia and candidate gene expression. In the present study, rats were divided into four groups: control (Vehicle only), diabetic control (STZ only), piperine treated (20 mg/kg day, i.p), and sitagliptin (Positive control) treated. The memory function was assessed by Morris water maze and probe test. After treatment, biochemical parameters such as HOMA index and lipid profile were estimated in the serum, whereas histopathology was evaluated in pancreatic and brain tissue samples. Gene expression studies were done by real-time PCR technique. Present data indicated that piperine caused significant memory improvement as compared to diabetic (STZ) control. The assessment of HOMA indices in serum samples showed that piperine and sitagliptin (positive control, PC) caused significant alterations of insulin resistance, β cell function, and insulin sensitivity. Assessment of brain and pancreas histopathology shows significant improvement in tissue architecture in piperine and sitagliptin treated groups compared to diabetic control. The gene expression profile in brain tissue shows significantly reduced BACE1, PSEN1, APAF1, CASPASE3, and CATALASE genes in the piperine and sitagliptin (PC) treated groups compared to Diabetic (STZ) control. The present study demonstrated that piperine not only improves memory in diabetic rats but also reduces the expression of specific AD-related genes that can help design a novel strategy for therapeutic intervention at the molecular level.
Assessment of Quarantine Understanding and Adherence to Lockdown Measures During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Palestine: Community Experience and Evidence for Action
Authors: Al Zabadi Hamzeh , Yaseen Noor , Alhroub Thair , Haj-Yahya Maryam 
Published: March 2021

Background: Containment of the coronavirus pandemic relied extensively on the combination of early implementation of quarantine and massive behavioral changes to ensure effectiveness. Decision-makers need to constantly monitor the outbreak situation and the impact of the measures implemented. Yet little is known about the factors influencing adherence and understanding of lockdown measures among the Palestinian community. This study aimed to assess the impact and factors affecting these early public health interventions.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional web-based questionnaire was distributed throughout social media (Facebook and Instagram). We used a snowball recruiting technique to target Palestinian adult citizens during the coronavirus pandemic quarantine between 6 and 16 April 2020, which corresponded to almost the middle interval of the strict massive lockdown measures in Palestine that lasted from 22 March to 5 May 2020. Multivariate logistic regression models were developed for the outcome variables (staying home adherence, in-home precautions adherence, and quarantine understanding).Results: Our questionnaire was completed by 2,819 participants. The mean (range) age was 29.47 (18–71) years. Of them, 1,144 (40.6%), 1,261 (44.7%), and 1,283 (45.5%) reported low levels of staying home adherence, in-home precautions adherence, and quarantine understanding, respectively. Females, city residents, those with higher educational levels, and those informed by official government sources were associated significantly with higher levels of both staying home adherence and quarantine understanding. Adequate food supply was associated with a higher level of staying home adherence. Higher levels of in-home precautions adherence were noticed in the elderly and those with a high-risk group living at home. Higher monthly income was inversely associated with higher levels of in-home precautions adherence and lower levels of quarantine understanding (P &lt; 0.05).Conclusions: The socio-economic and financial status of the general population and coordination between the major information resources (official government), social media, and the press were the major factors affecting the community in regard to quarantine adherence. For maximum effectiveness and commitment levels amongst the people to decrease the spread of infection, policymakers need to address all those factors. In addition, clear communication between policymakers and the population is essential for reassuring the people and minimizing their fears regarding the unknown future.
Penerapan Kampanye Sosial dalam Desain Komunikasi Visual
Authors: Pangestu Risvi 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTCommunication is the key to a comprehensive effort to form a positive goal. Planned communication creates certain effects on a large number of audiences that are carried out sustainably over a period of time. Campaigns often use the media as a message sending channel that has been well organized to target targets as planned. The campaign which currently has a high existence is a campaign oriented social mission as a series of planned non-commercial communication processes that contain messages about social problems that occur in the community. In the design process, there are data collection methods and data analysis methods before executing execution. The data collected is in the form of facts, daily targets, and casual diction so that the data can be a creative media that fits the characteristics of the target audience. The author takes the topic The Role of Social Campaign Media With Visual Communication Design due to the author's interest in delivering messages that are made creative and interactive by a visual communication design to be able to make other individuals change their minds. Analysis of this work contains observations related to design elements, campaign media and campaign communication processes designed. The 16 Days Campaign Against Violence Against Communities relies on print ads and interactive ambient ads as an effort to raise awareness of target targets to combat related cases.Keywords :Â Communication, Design, Campaign, WomanABSTRAKKomunikasi menjadi kunci dari sebuah usaha komperhensif dalam membentuk suatu tujuan yang positif. Komunikasi secara terencanaÂ menciptakan efek tertentu pada sejumlah besar khalayak yang dilakukan secara berkelanjutan pada kurun waktu tertentu . Kampanye kerap menggunakan media sebagai saluran pengirim pesan yang telah ditata dengan baik kepada target sasaran sesuai yang telah direncanakan. Kampanye yang saat ini memiliki eksistensi yang tinggi adalah kampanye misi sosial yang berorientasi sebagai serangkaian proses komunikasi terencana bersifat non-komersil yang berisi pesan tentang masalah sosial yang terjadi di masyarakat. Dalam proses perancangan, terdapat metode pengumpulan data dan metode analisis data sebelum melakukan pengerjaan eksekusi. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa fakta kasus, keseharian target sasaran, serta diksi yang kasual sehingga data tersebut dapat menjadi media kreatif yang sesuai dengan karakteristik target sasaran. Adapun penulis mengambil topik Peranan Media Kampanye Sosial Dengan Desain Komunikasi Visual dikarenakan ketertarikan penulis terhadap penyampaian pesan yang dibuat kreatif dan interaktif oleh seorang desain komunikasi visual hingga mampu membuat individu yang lain berubah pikiran. Analisis karya ini berisikan pengamatan terkait elemen desain, media kampanye dan proses komunikasi kampanye yang dirancang. Kampanye 16 Hari Anti Kekerasan Terhadap Masyarakat mengandalkan print ads dan ambient ads yang interaktif sebagai upaya mengugah kesadaran target sasaran untuk memerangi kasus terkait.Kata kunci : Komunikasi, Desain, Kampanye, Perempuan
PROBLEMATIKA PEMBELAJARAN DARING SISWA KELAS VII SMPN 1 ENDE SELATAN, KABUPATEN ENDE
Authors: Ota Maria Kristina , Djou Ana Maria Gadi , Numba Filzah Farid 
Published: March 2021

The pandemic of covid 19 had big effects in educational field. The transition of learning process from face to face into online had many obstacles. Teachers, students and parents had their own problems to face it. Parents had to provide facilities to their child during online learning process but their economic factors were inadequate, such as buying android phone or data package. There were parents and teachers were not able to use the technology effectively and efficiently. It can be effect to the students. Students will left behind the materials and the assignments had given by their teachers. Door to door was an approach offered to avoid or to minimize that problems. The aim of that approach was teachers could share the materials, the assignment and guiding their students directly. Learning guidance could be the materials which were not understood and teaching them how to use android phone to access the materials shared through online learning. In order that, door to door approach which had implemented besides helped students to understand more the materials but also the students got learning guidance effectively about the way to utilize the learning technology. It was about the materials were shared online. In this case, teacher should actively guiding their students to use the technology in better way. Furthermore, the teacher will adding new knowledge, so they do not seems out of touch of information and blinded technology.
Canto y ciencia
Authors: García-López Isabel 
Published: March 2021

El estudio de la voz cantada puede abordarse tanto desde el punto de vista artístico como desde el científico. Estas dos perspectivas no siempre se combinan en los profesionales del canto ni en los de la medicina.
El acto de cantar comienza a nivel cerebral con la intención voluntaria de hacerlo y se produce gracias a la fuente de energía, el aire, que hace vibrar las cuerdas vocales situadas en la laringe para producir el sonido. Dicho sonido se modifica en el tracto vocal permitiendo la articulación del lenguaje y los fenómenos de resonancia de la voz. Todo este proceso está gobernado por la audición, elemento fundamental del canto.
El objetivo de este artículo es revisar los elementos anatómicos que intervienen en todo este proceso, así como explicar los fenómenos fisiológicos que hacen que se produzca la voz cantada.
Characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains and evaluation of shrimp cultivation conditions in a farm at the northwestern of Mexico, as risk predictors for its adaptation and dissemination
Authors: Gámez-Bayardo Sergio , Castañeda-Ruelas Gloria Marisol , Espinosa-Plascencia Angélica , Bermúdez-Almada María del Carmen , Jiménez-Edeza Maribel 
Published: March 2021

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is recognized as a human pathogen as well as the causative agent of vibriosis in shrimp. This study determined the pathogenic, antimicrobial, and biotic potential of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) and seawater on a northwestern Mexico farm. A total of 140 samples were randomly collected, including juvenile organisms (n = 120) and seawater (n = 20). The pH, salinity, and biota of the ponds were used to correlate with bacterium presence. The strains were characterized by virulence genes presence, biofilm formation capacity, antimicrobial sensitivity, and the kinetics growth using PCR, microplates method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and spectrophotometry, respectively. V. parahaemolyticus was detected in 7.1% of the samples with a mean concentration of 3.72 ± 1.24 log CFU mL-1; 6.7% (8/120) in shrimp and 10.0% (2/20) in seawater. Cultivation conditions were not predictive of the specie (P > 0.05). V. parahaemolyticus showed an adaptation time of 1.0 h, and a growth rate of 0.375 h-1 in seawater at 30ºC. The strains were classified into two pathotypes: tlh+/tdh-/trh-/AP2- (75%) and tlh+/tdh-/trh-/AP2+ (25%) and three resistant profiles to clinical drugs (ampicillin, amikacin, gentamicin, and netilmicin). The MIC values against oxytetracycline (OTC), florfenicol (FFC) and enrofloxacin (ENRO) were >0.50, >0.25 and >0.06 μg mL-1, respectively. Biofilm formation was a property identified in 40% of the strains. The presence of infectious V. parahaemolyticus with high adaptative potential justifies integrating integrated aquaculture practices and management to control pathogen growth and shrimp health.
Négocier l’élargissement de la sécurité à l’ONU : la protection du patrimoine culturel par les opérations de maintien de la paix
Authors: Leloup Mathilde 
Published: March 2021

L’intégration de la protection du patrimoine culturel dans le mandat de la mission des Nations Unies au Mali (MINUSMA) a été rendue possible par la résolution 2100 du Conseil de sécurité. Cette dernière a fait l’objet d’une forte médiatisation orchestrée par l’UNESCO. Pour cette agence spécialisée, il s’agit d’un tournant dans l’histoire du maintien de la paix dans la mesure où pour la première fois, le Conseil de sécurité a reconnu la destruction des sites culturels comme une menace contre «  la paix et la sécurité internationales  ». Fondée sur une méthodologie qualitative liant une observation participante à une série d’entretiens réalisés au sein du secrétariat de l’ONU, cette contribution analyse la manière dont la question du patrimoine culturel, bien qu’apparaissant comme un enjeu minime de la négociation portant sur la résolution 2100, a pu agir comme le révélateur de tensions structurelles au sein du multilatéralisme. Au Conseil de sécurité, cet enjeu a donné à voir l’opposition entre les conceptions française et russe du maintien de la paix. Dans le système onusien, il a mis au jour la volonté du personnel de l’UNESCO de repositionner cette agence en en faisant un interlocuteur direct du Conseil de sécurité et ainsi, un acteur à part entière de la réponse aux situations de crises internationales.
From Rap to Trap: The Khaliji Migrant Finds his Aesthetic
Authors: Kareem Mona 
Published: March 2021

This article explores the trajectories and artistic productions of Arabic‑speaking hip hop artists of migrant background in the Gulf countries (especially the UAE and Saudi Arabia). More specifically, the article describes the recent emergence of a new hip hop scene led by second‑generation migrants, whose lyrics appear as more politicized than those of citizen rappers. While these artists face criticism by local audiences on the basis of their foreign origins – often used to delegitimize their position – the article suggests that hip hop provides them with a language to express their specific experiences as migrants– the informal neighborhoods they grew up in; their critical takes on kafīl‑s, the police, and systematic exclusion; or their experiences of unemployment and discrimination. The article further suggests that these very experiences grant their artists the “street credit” that citizen rappers would lack.The article looks both at tracks and videoclips produced by the rappers as well as some of the discourses held about them– in the media and in the comments section of YouTube videos or online forums. It also points toward a number of issues – the question of how ethnicity and social class are mobilized in the lyrical, linguistic, and parodic creativity of the songs, and in controversies and discourses surrounding the artists; the question of state intervention, either through financially co‑opting the cultural industry or through censorship; the question of migrant experiences, that are rarely expressed elsewhere, and how they are made visible through hip hop productions.
The Mamluk Sultanate and the Mamluks seen by Ibn Taymiyya: between Praise and Criticism
Authors: Berriah Mehdi 
Published: March 2021

Indubitably, Ibn Taymiyya is among those medieval Muslim theologians who have aroused the most interest in modern Western and Arab scholarship. This interest in Ibn Taymiyya has led to the production of a considerable number of academic works. While his fatwas and positions on dogmatic, legal, philosophical, and political questions are beginning to become well‑known, his position and vision concerning Mamluk power have been less frequently investigated. Paradoxically, close reading of the Mamluk sources shows that the authors of the period provided a fairly accurate account of the variable relations maintained by Ibn Taymiyya with certain great figures of the sultanate. However, his considerations of Mamluk power remain poorly understood. Based on an examination of the writings of Ibn Taymiyya and his contemporaries, this article attempts to shed light on the position of the famous Ḥanbalī theologian vis‑à‑vis the Mamluk Sultanate and the Mamluks in relation to religion and governance.
Expert recommendations on the role of macrolides in chronic respiratory diseases
Authors: Dhar Raja , Talwar Deepak , Singh Virendra , Dumra Harjit , Rajan Sujeet , Jindal S K 
Published: March 2021

Background:
India contributes to 32% of the total global disability-adjusted life years, due to chronic respiratory diseases. This has led to a high rate of health loss from these diseases. Antibiotics are commonly used in the management of respiratory disorders. With excellent tissue penetration, prolonged tissue persistence, and favorable side effect profile, macrolides are one of the best treatment options being recommended for respiratory, urogenital, dermal, and other bacterial infections. Still, there is a lack of clinical trial data on the use of macrolides in the management of respiratory chronic disease, and hence, there is a need for clinical guidance on their use in Indian setting.

Methods:
A systematic review of the literature was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane database, and Google Scholar. Existing guidelines, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, landmark studies, and key-cited articles were selected. Recommendations were based on available evidence and expert panel's logical empiricism and consensus.

Results and Discussion:
This article discusses evidence-based and clinical practice based management of chronic respiratory conditions including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, bronchiectasis, diffusive panbronchiolitis, and organizing pneumonia. The authors reviewed different respiratory conditions, role of macrolides in their management, adverse events and antimicrobial resistance associated with macrolides, evidence review of various clinical trials, guideline recommendations, and clinical recommendations.
Evidência clínica da prática da atenção farmacêutica: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Vieira Danielle Cristina Rodrigues , Sposito Nathalia Azevedo , Sperotto Rita Leal 
Published: March 2021

Os medicamentos são uma das principais formas de tratamento das doenças, no entanto, paralelamente à ampliação do seu uso, tem também, aumentado o relato de morbidade e mortalidade associada à farmacoterapia. Neste contexto, a Atenção Farmacêutica aparece como uma prática, que visa prevenir, identificar e resolver problemas relacionados aos medicamentos (PRM) e assim, reduzir a morbidade e mortalidade relacionadas com os medicamentos. Vários artigos, com diferentes desenhos, têm sido publicados na tentativa de demonstrar a sua efetividade. Considerando o ensaio clínico como o mais adequado para testar hipóteses, esta revisão teve como objetivos analisar os artigos de atenção farmacêutica, que utilizaram o ensaio clínico como delineamento do estudo, com a finalidade de traçar um panorama das evidências clínicas dessa prática. Para avaliação da prática de Atenção Farmacêutica, descrita nos artigos, foram estabelecidos alguns elementos como: a identificação de PRM, parâmetros de acompanhamento, patologia, desfecho clínico. Para análise da qualidade do relato do ensaio clínico foram utilizados alguns parâmetros definidos pelo Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT). Por meio de um levantamento da literatura, caracterizado como uma revisão descritiva e utilizando a técnica de análise de conteúdo, buscaram-se os estudos publicados de 2003 a 2015 disponíveis na fonte MEDLINE, por meio da interface do PubMed. Foram identificadas 127 publicações, sendo quatorze elegíveis para inclusão. A análise desses artigos quanto à efetividade da prática de Atenção Farmacêutica indica que, 71,4% dos relatos demonstraram a efetividade dessa prática. Foi constatado que a realização e a publicação dos ensaios clínicos em Atenção Farmacêutica apresentam muitos problemas, tanto em relação à diversidade e nomenclatura da prática em si, como em relação ao cumprimento das recomendações de relato pelo CONSORT.
Percepções da Morte entre os Estudantes Femininos recém ingressos do Curso de Medicina, Durante Pandemia de Covid 19
Authors: Mano Valentina Vetorasso Cabrera , Cardoso Júlia Lascala , Franco Maria Fernanda Maluf Novaes , Rodrigues Adriana Novaes 
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo aborda, através da análise de gênero e de uma reflexão ética, o medo da morte durante a pandemia de Covid 19, nos recém chegados aos cursos de medicina. atribuição do ato de cuidar às mulheres na sociabilidade burguesa. Objetivo: problematizar as percepções da morte pelo estudante recém egressos a faculdade de medicina e recursos no enfrentamento da pandemia da COVID-19. Método: Questionário firmado especificamente para estudo e uma reflexão teórica baseada na literatura científica da área. Resultados: Entre as principais aplicações dessa dimensão no contexto de atenção em saúde destaca-se como recurso de enfrentamento e fonte de apoio o assunto morte e como suporte nas situações de isolamento social e quarentena. Conclusão: Recomenda-se que novos estudos e novas explicação das repercussões emocionais da doença, diante de um cenário pandêmico impermanente.
Implicações da radioterapia no tratamento do glioma de baixo grau na odontologia: relato de caso
Authors: Gummella Bianca Puppin , Koubik Ana Claudia Galvão de Aguiar , Zunsztern Daniel More , Koubik Mariana de Aguiar 
Published: March 2021

Gliomas de baixo grau são tumores cerebrais que afetam predominantemente adultos jovens com potencial de comprometimento da capacidade cognitiva, podendo levar a óbito. O tratamento baseia-se principalmente na excisão cirúrgica, radioterapia e/ou quimioterapia. Objetivos: identificar e descrever as implicações do tratamento do glioma de baixo grau na odontologia e os prejuízos da radioterapia, por meio de uma revisão de literatura e relato de caso. Metodologia: buscas em bases de dados internacionais PubMed/MEDLINE e Scielo. O presente relato descreve paciente do sexo masculino, acometido por glioma de baixo grau. Resultados e Conclusões: o paciente relatado sofreu dermatite da pele irradiada pelas sessões de radioterapia, uma leve perda de cabelos e alguns episódios de cefaléia. Contudo não teve nenhum problema bucal consequente da radioterapia como xerostomia, disfagia, candidíase, alteração no paladar, trismo, cárie de radiação, doença periodontal e osteorradionercrose. O acompanhamento odontológico aos pacientes antes, durante e após o tratamento é fundamental para melhorar a sua qualidade de vida.