bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Approach to Asteroid Impact Monitoring
Authors: Roa Javier , Farnocchia Davide , Chesley Steven R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Orbit-determination programs find the orbit solution that best fits a set of observations by minimizing the root mean square of the residuals of the fit. For near-Earth asteroids, the uncertainty of the orbit solution may be compatible with trajectories that impact Earth. This paper shows how incorporating the impact condition as an observation in the orbit-determination process results in a robust technique for finding the so-called virtual impactors, i.e., the regions in parameter space leading to impacts. The impact pseudo-observation residuals are the b-plane coordinates at the time of close approach and the uncertainty is set to a fraction of the Earth radius. The extended orbit-determination filter converges naturally to an impacting solution if allowed by the observations. The uncertainty of the resulting orbit provides an excellent geometric representation of the virtual impactor. As a result, the impact probability can be efficiently estimated by exploring this region in parameter space using importance sampling. The proposed technique can systematically handle a large number of estimated parameters, account for nongravitational forces, deal with nonlinearities, and correct for non-Gaussian initial uncertainty distributions. The algorithm has been implemented into a new impact-monitoring system at JPL called Sentry-II, after undergoing extensive testing. The main advantages of Sentry-II over the previous Sentry system are that Sentry-II can systematically process orbits perturbed by nongravitational forces and that it is generally more robust when dealing with pathological cases. The run times and completeness of both systems are comparable, with the impact probability of Sentry-II for 99% completeness being 3 × 10−7.
The ALFALFA Almost Dark Galaxy AGC 229101: A 2 Billion Solar Mass H i Cloud with a Very Low Surface Brightness Optical Counterpart
Authors: Leisman Lukas , Rhode Katherine L. , Ball Catherine , Pagel Hannah J. , Cannon John M. , Salzer John J. , Janowiecki Steven , Janesh William F. , Józsa Gyula I. G. , Giovanelli Riccardo , Haynes Martha P. , Adams Elizabeth A. K. , Gray Laurin , Smith Nicholas J. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We present results from deep H i and optical imaging of AGC 229101, an unusual H i source detected at v
helio =7116 km s−1 in the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) blind H i survey. Initially classified as a candidate “dark” source because it lacks a clear optical counterpart in Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) or Digitized Sky Survey 2 (DSS2) imaging, AGC 229101 has 109.31±0.05
M
⊙ of H i, but an H i line width of only 43 ± 9 km s−1. Low-resolution Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) imaging and higher-resolution Very Large Array (VLA) B-array imaging show that the source is significantly elongated, stretching over a projected length of ∼80 kpc. The H i imaging resolves the source into two parts of roughly equal mass. WIYN partially populated One Degree Imager (pODI) optical imaging reveals a faint, blue optical counterpart coincident with the northern portion of the H i. The peak surface brightness of the optical source is only μ

g
∼ 26.6 mag arcsec−2, well below the typical cutoff that defines the isophotal edge of a galaxy, and its estimated stellar mass is only 107.32±0.33
M
⊙, yielding an overall neutral gas-to-stellar mass ratio of M/M
* =

98

−
52

+
111

. We demonstrate the extreme nature of this object by comparing its properties with those of other H i-rich sources in ALFALFA and the literature. We also explore potential scenarios that might explain the existence of AGC 229101, including a tidal encounter with neighboring objects and a merger of two dark H i clouds.
Particle Reacceleration by Turbulence and Radio Constraints on Multimessenger High-energy Emission from the Coma Cluster
Authors: Nishiwaki Kosuke , Asano Katsuaki , Murase Kohta 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Galaxy clusters are considered to be gigantic reservoirs of cosmic rays (CRs). Some of the clusters are found with extended radio emission, which provides evidence for the existence of magnetic fields and CR electrons in the intra-cluster medium. The mechanism of radio halo (RH) emission is still under debate, and it has been believed that turbulent reacceleration plays an important role. In this paper, we study the reacceleration of CR protons and electrons in detail by numerically solving the Fokker–Planck equation, and show how radio and gamma-ray observations can be used to constrain CR distributions and resulting high-energy emission for the Coma cluster. We take into account the radial diffusion of CRs and follow the time evolution of their one-dimensional distribution, by which we investigate the radial profile of the CR injection that is consistent with the observed RH surface brightness. We find that the required injection profile is nontrivial, depending on whether CR electrons have a primary or secondary origin. Although the secondary CR electron scenario predicts larger gamma-ray and neutrino fluxes, it is in tension with the observed RH spectrum for hard injection indexes, α < 2.45. This tension is relaxed if the turbulent diffusion of CRs is much less efficient than the fiducial model, or the reacceleration is more efficient for lower-energy CRs. In both the secondary and primary scenario, we find that galaxy clusters can make a sizable contribution to the all-sky neutrino intensity if the CR energy spectrum is nearly flat.
Fallback Accretion Halted by R-process Heating in Neutron Star Mergers and Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Ishizaki Wataru , Kiuchi Kenta , Ioka Kunihito , Wanajo Shinya 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The gravitational wave event GW170817 with a macronova/kilonova shows that a merger of two neutron stars ejects matter with radioactivity including r-process nucleosynthesis. A part of the ejecta inevitably falls back to the central object, possibly powering long-lasting activities of a short gamma-ray burst (sGRB), such as extended and plateau emissions. We investigate fallback accretion with r-process heating by performing one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations and developing a semi-analytical model. We show that the usual fallback rate dM/dt ∝ t
−5/3 is halted by the heating because pressure gradients accelerate ejecta beyond an escape velocity. The suppression is steeper than Chevalier’s power-law model through Bondi accretion within a turn-around radius. The characteristic halting timescale is ∼104–108 s for the GW170817-like r-process heating, which is longer than the typical timescale of the long-lasting emission of sGRBs. The halting timescale is sensitive to the uncertainty of the r-process. Future observations of fallback halting could constrain the r-process heating on the scale of a year.
TESS Data for Asteroseismology: Light-curve Systematics Correction
Authors: Lund Mikkel N. , Handberg Rasmus , Buzasi Derek L. , Carboneau Lindsey , Hall Oliver J. , Pereira Filipe , Huber Daniel , Hey Daniel , Van Reeth Timothy ,   The T’DA Collaboration
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) have produced of the order of one million light curves at cadences of 120 s and especially 1800 s for every ∼27 day observing sector during its two-year nominal mission. These data constitute a treasure trove for the study of stellar variability and exoplanets. However, to fully utilize the data in such studies a proper removal of systematic-noise sources must be performed before any analysis. The TESS Data for Asteroseismology group is tasked with providing analysis-ready data for the TESS Asteroseismic Science Consortium, which covers the full spectrum of stellar variability types, including stellar oscillations and pulsations, spanning a wide range of variability timescales and amplitudes. We present here the two current implementations for co-trending of raw photometric light curves from TESS, which cover different regimes of variability to serve the entire seismic community. We find performance in terms of commonly used noise statistics meets expectations and is applicable to a wide range of intrinsic variability types. Further, we find that the correction of light curves from a full sector of data can be completed well within a few days, meaning that when running in steady state our routines are able to process one sector before data from the next arrives. Our pipeline is open-source and all processed data will be made available on the websites of the TESS Asteroseismic Science Operations Center and the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes.
Evaluation of Clinical Diagnosis of Axial Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) or Elevated Patient-reported Spine Pain in CorEvitas’ PsA/Spondyloarthritis Registry
Authors: Ogdie Alexis , Blachley Taylor , Lakin Paul R. , Dube Blessing , McLean Robert R. , Hur Peter , Mease Philip J. 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveTo determine the presence of axial symptoms in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and examine differences between those with or without a diagnosis of axial PsA (axPsA).MethodsPatients with PsA at their Corevitas’ (formerly Corrona) Psoriatic Arthritis/Spondyloarthritis Registry enrollment visit were stratified into 4 mutually exclusive groups based on axial manifestations: physician-diagnosed axPsA only (Dx+Sx–), patient-reported elevated spine symptoms only (Dx–Sx+; defined as Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index ≥ 4 and spine pain visual analog scale ≥ 40), physician-diagnosed and patient-reported manifestations (Dx+Sx+), and no axial manifestations (Dx–Sx–). Patient characteristics, disease activity, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) at enrollment in each axial manifestation group were compared with the Dx–Sx–group. Associations of patient characteristics with the odds of having axial manifestations were estimated using multinomial logistic regression (reference: Dx–Sx–).ResultsOf 3393 patients included, 226 (6.7%) had Dx+Sx–, 698 (20.6%) had Dx–Sx+, 165 (4.9%) had Dx+Sx+, and 2304 (67.9%) had Dx–Sx–. Patients with Dx–Sx+or Dx+Sx+were more frequently women and had a history of depression and fibromyalgia (FM) vs patients who had Dx–Sx–. Patients with Dx+Sx–or Dx+Sx+were more frequently HLA-B27 positive than those with Dx–Sx–. FM was significantly associated with increased odds of Dx+Sx–or Dx+Sx+. Disease activity and PROs were worse in patients with Dx–Sx+or Dx+Sx+than in those with Dx–Sx–.ConclusionPatients who had self-reported elevated spine symptoms, with or without physician-diagnosed axPsA, had worse quality of life and higher disease activity overall than patients without axial manifestations, suggesting an unmet need in this patient population.
Epidemiology, Etiologies, and Complications of Playtime Open Globe Injuries in Children
Authors: Abdelazeem Khaled , Al-Hussaini Ashraf Khalaf , El-Sebaity Dalia Mohamed , Kedwany Salma Mohamed 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
To study the epidemiology, etiologies, and complications of playtime open globe injuries in children at the Assiut University Hospital, Egypt.

Methods:
This prospective cross-sectional study enrolled children with open globe injury who were admitted to Assiut University Hospital during a 6-month period (January to July 2016). All causes of trauma that occurred during playtime (at home, outside home, at the club, or at school) were recorded and analyzed.

Results:
Eighty-one children (age = 18 years and younger; mean ± standard deviation age = 8.35 ± 4.84 years) were admitted with open globe injury, and 32 of them (39.51%) sustained ocular trauma during playtime. The majority of children were boys (n = 23, 71.88%). The causes of trauma during playtime were: playing with sharp objects (n = 11; 34.38%), playing with a wooden stick (n = 7; 21.88%), falling on the ground (n = 5; 15.63%), trauma by a stone (n = 2; 6.25%), trauma during running (n = 1; 3.13%), playing with a plastic toy (n = 1; 3.13%), and unknown causes (n = 5; 15.63%). The sites of globe perforation were corneal (n = 23; 71.88%), corneoscleral (n = 8; 25%), and scleral (n = 1; 3.13%).

Conclusions:
Playtime trauma that causes open globe injury and visual disability is avoidable and constituted approximately half of the open globe injuries in this study population. Corneal involvement occurred in almost all open globe injuries. Parental supervision for children during playtime is crucial to injury prevention. Children should avoid playing with sharp, dangerous objects and desist from playing or running on unsafe ground.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2021;58(6):385–389.]
Using Simulation to Improve Adherence to Get With the Guidelines Time to First Shock
Authors: Paddock Andrea 
Published: December 2021

Background
Evidence demonstrates that shocking patients in ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia in 2 minutes or less leads to improved outcomes. At our facility in Orlando, Florida, 4 of 7 time to first shock fallouts occurred in the intensive care unit. No standardization for conducting code situations existed in the intensive care unit.

Objective
To develop nurse simulation education and training to standardize intensive care unit code processes and improve compliance with timely defibrillation.

Methods
The sample consisted of intensive care unit nurses. Interventions included online education, simulation, and a postintervention survey. Analysis was conducted using the Get With the Guidelines program as well as descriptive statistics.

Interventions
Online education assigned to all intensive care unit nurses included electrocardiogram recognition and code documentation. Nurses and physicians collaborated to develop a diagram to identify roles needed for successful conduct of a code situation. A code simulation video was created, reflecting these roles, and embedded in the online education. The education was graded and remediated one-on-one with nurses. Intensive care unit nurses completed structured code simulations, allowing them to practice serving as the leader. Three months after the intervention, a survey was distributed to nurses.

Results
The time to first shock fallouts in the intensive care unit decreased by 100%, and the facility’s fallouts decreased by 71%. The facility’s adherence to the time to first shock metric increased from 42% to 83%. In a postintervention survey, 89% of nurses reported perceived improvement in knowledge, team leadership and communication, and confidence associated with code events.

Conclusions
Online education and code simulation positively affected time to first shock in code situations and empowered nurses to confidently function in these situations.
Therapeutic Efficacy and Quality of Life Improvement in Women with Detrusor Underactivity Following Transurethral Incision of the Bladder Neck
Authors: Lee Yu-Khun , Kuo Hann-Chorng 
Published: December 2021

Aims:
To investigate the effects of transurethral incision of the bladder neck (TUI-BN) on long-term outcomes and quality of life (QoL) improvements in women with detrusor underactivity (DU) refractory to standard medical treatment.

Materials and Methods:
Data were retrieved for female patients with treatment-refractory DU who underwent TUI-BN between 2007 and 2018. Urodynamic parameters were measured at baseline and follow-up and were analyzed for surgical outcome. Patients who were capable of spontaneously voiding with a voiding efficiency (VE) of ≥50% with or without the aid of abdominal pressure were considered to have achieved satisfactory outcomes. Changes in self-reported QoL were measured based on the International Prostate Symptom Score QoL (IPSS-QoL), and treatment improvements were measured based on the global response assessment (GRA) index. Moreover, the voiding statuses of patients before and after TUI-BN were compared.

Results:
Overall, 82 women, with a mean age of 60.8 ± 17.9 years (range 12–102), were included. Most patients experienced chronic urinary retention or large postvoid residual (PVR) urine. Median follow-up period was 5 years (range 1–12). Following TUI-BN, 40 (48.8%) patients achieved satisfactory outcomes, with a mean GRA of 1.4 ± 0.93. Mean maximum flow rate, voided volume, PVR volume, VE, and IPSS-QoL were all significantly improved. Among all patients, 50 (61%) were subsequently able to spontaneously void with or without the aid of abdominal pressure without the need for catheterization. Indwelling catheters were required in 19 (23.2%) patients at baseline and in 5 (6.1%) following TUI-BN (P < 0.01). Moreover, 5 (6.1%) patients developed stress urinary incontinence and 2 (2.4%) experienced vesicovaginal fistulae following TUI-BN procedures, all of whom recovered satisfactorily after treatment.

Conclusions:
TUI-BN is an effective procedure for reducing the bladder outlet resistance and improving VE and QoL. Moreover, the procedure is durable with an acceptable incidence of complications.
Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection Using Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Lymphangiography in Robotic Assisted Radical Prostatectomy for Non-Lymph Node or Distant Metastasis Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Chuang Yu-Feng , Ou Yen-Chuan , Lin Yi-Sheng , Huang Li-Hua , Weng Wei-Chun , Chang Yu-Kang , Chen Hung-Lin , Hsu Chao-Yu , Tung Min-Che , Lu Chin-Heng 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
The utility of indocyanine green dye (ICG) has evolved significantly to the robotic operations including Robotic Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP). The technology can help the identification of sentinel lymphatic drainage in lymphadenectomy for the majority of prostate cancer (PCa) patients. We describe the potential indications of ICG for lymphadenectomy assistant in PCa patients without lymph node or distant metastasis.

Materials and Methods:
We prospectively analyzed PCa patients without lymph node or distant metastasis with clinical pathological stage T1c to T3a received RARP from November 2019 to May 2020. The clinical data and pathological data, including Gleason score, tumor volume, pathological stage, and surgical findings, were described. All lymph nodes were divided into ICG positive or negative. All patients were divided into low, moderate, and high risk according to the European Association of Urology PCa risk stratification.

Results:
Cystoscope-guided intraprostatic injection was performed successively in 34 localized PCa patients in this study. The mean age was 66.1 ± 7.8 years old. The patients' number of high, moderate, and low risk was 18, 10, 6. A total of 447 lymph nodes were identified. Two hundred and sixty-two lymph nodes were ICG positive and 181 lymph nodes were ICG negative. ICG positive rate higher in high risk patients 158/259 (61.0%) compare to intermediate/low risk patients 104/188 (55.3%). There was no statistic significant result, but lymph node could be identified in all ICG-positive tissues. There were 12 patients revealed higher Gleason grade group after RARP and two patients revealed lower Gleason grade group after RARP. There were 18 patients showed upgrade stage after RARP and 4 patients showed down stage after RARP.

Conclusion:
Cystoscope-guided intraprostatic ICG injection with fluorescence lymphangiography can help identify pelvic lymph nodes in RARP for PCa patients without lymph node or distant metastasis.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA TOKO SEMBAKO INJEK BALANJA MENGGUNAKAN ASSET BASED COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Pemi  , Beni Sabinus 
Published: December 2021

Perdagangan merupakan akar pokok pembangunan nasional dan pembangunan daerah. Yang bertujuan untuk mewujudkan masyarakat yang maju dan mandiri serta sejahtera lahir dan batin. Di daerah perbatasan saat ini tentunya sangat dibutuhkan kebutuhan sembako, karena kebutuhan bahan sembako yang masih terbatas, sehingga sebagian pasokan sembako dan kebutuhan lainnya masih didatangkan dari negara lain tentunya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengangkat permasalahan mengenai “ Bagaimana desain strategi pengembangan berbasis asset yang dapat dilakukan oleh Toko Injek Balanja dan Bagaimana Implementasi strategi pengembangan berbasis asset yang dilakukan oleh Toko Injek Balanja”, untuk dapat menarik minat konsumen, strategi pembangunan Usaha Toko Sembako Injek Balanja yang berada diperbatasan menggunakan Asset Based Community Development. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode jenis penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang menghasilkan kata-kata secara tertulis atau lisan dari objek yang diamati dan hasil dari wawancara, Penelitian ini berlokasi di dusun Tanjung, Kecamatan Sajingan Besar, Kabupaten Sambas. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah observasi, wawancara, kuesioner, dan dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian ini akan menggunakan prosedur yang dapat menghasilkan data yang berupa deskriptif dari ucapan, tulisan, perilaku, objek itu sendiri. usaha sembako Injek Balanja merupakan usaha yang akan menyediakan segala kebutuhan bahan-bahan sembako yang dimana toko sembako Injek balanja akan memenuhi kebutuhan yang dicari masyarakat. dimana Toko Sembako Injek balanja berkesempatan untuk menyediakan segala kebutuhan sembako agar orang-orang di sekitar tidak lagi mencari di kejauhan kebutuhan sembako ini. Sembako akrab di telinga masyarakat Indonesia. Tentu saja karena hal tersebut sangat dekat dengan kebutuhan manusia. Secara luas sembako ini kebutuhan pokok yang selalu dibutuhkan manusia dalam kegiatan pemenuhan kebutuhannya atas pangan dimana bahan-bahan sembako yang pastinya dicari masyarakat hampir setiap harinya untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan rumah tangga. Perkembangan usaha sembako yang berbasis asset. Guna untuk memanfaatkan asset-asset yang telah ada. untuk dijadikan peluang usaha dengan sudah adanya memiliki fasilitas-fasilitas yang mendukung untuk mempermudah melakukan suatu kegiatan usaha. Usaha yang berbasis asset agar dimanfaatkan dengan baik serta lebih meningkat dan baik lagi.