bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histopathological Spectrum of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Biopsies in a Tertiary care centre
Authors: M.L Anjana , Yevoor Kavitha 
Published: July 2021

Background: Upper GI endoscopy is an established procedure for investigating a wide range of upper GI conditions especially inflammatory and malignant diseases of stomach and esophagus. A good correlation in diagnosis can be achieved by complementing endoscopic findings with histopathology of biopsy specimens.
Methods: Both retrospective and prospective study of upper GI endoscopic biopsy was carried out at department of pathology, KIMS, Hubli during January 2016 to December 2018. Samples were received in 10% formalin; routine processing was followed with H & E staining. Special stain like Giemsa was done for detection of H. Pylori. 396 endoscopic mucosal biopsies were analyzed and evaluated.
Result: Out of 396 cases, 250 cases were esophageal biopsies, 104 cases were gastric biopsies & 42 cases were duodenal biopsies. The male: female ratio was 1:9:1. The highest number of cases was seen between 61 to 70 years. Dyspepsia was the common symptom seen in 61.3%. The most common lesions encountered in the esophagus were carcinomas (67%) followed by esophagitis (16%). The commonly encountered gastric lesion was chronic gastritis in 54.8% with H. pylori gastritis being positive in 38.18%. Among the duodenal biopsies, non-neoplastic lesions were most common (59.5%) followed by neoplastic lesions (26%).
Conclusion: Upper GI endoscopy is an effective and appropriate preliminary investigation to assess patients with dysphagia, dyspepsia, vomiting. Endoscopy without biopsy is incomplete and that the combination of methods offers a strong diagnostic tool for better patient care.
Endometrial Cancer: Genetic, Metabolic Characteristics, Therapeutic
Strategies and Nanomedicine
Authors: Cai Yuxuan , Wang Bei , Xu Wen , Liu Kai , Gao Yisong , Guo Chong , Chen Jinlan , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Yuan Chengfu 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Endometrial cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in female
population worldwide. It was estimated that 65,620 new cases and 12.590 subsequent
deaths occurred in 2020 in the United States. Patients with type II and advanced endometrial
cancer do not respond well to the current treatments. Therefore, endometrial
cancer should be better understood in order to develop more effective treatments.

Objective:
To provide an overview of genetic, metabolic characteristics, therapeutic
strategies and current application of nanotechnology surrounding endometrial cancer.

Method:
Relevant articles were retrieved from Pubmed and were systematically reviewed.

Results:
Hypoxia inducible factor-1 and Von Hippel-Lindau factor participated in oncogenesis
and progression of endometrial cancer and Nrf2 was associated with oncogenesis.
Various genetic alterations were found in endometrial cancer. Examining the abnormal
X chromosome inactivation may help in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer and its
precancerous lesions. Some absent tumor suppressor genes, activated oncogenes were revealed
by the genetically modified mouse models. Disorders in glucose and lipid
metabolism were found in endometrial cancer. Current therapeutic strategies focused on
the HIF-1α pathway, the mTOR pathway as well as the immunotherapy. Nanotechnology
showed great potential in endometrial cancer’s early diagnosis, metastasis determination
and treatment.

Conclusion:
Endometrial cancer has been understood in various aspects but the underlying
mechanisms still remain relatively unknown, which might be the source of novel diagnostic,
prognostic and therapeutic targets. Nanomedicine in endometrial cancer is poorly
studied but the current researches showed great results in treating endometrial cancer. It
needs further researching.
Biogenic Gas Vesicles for Ultrasound Imaging and Targeted Therapeutics
Authors: Wang Rui , Wang Lufang , Chen Yihan , Xie Yuji , He Mengrong , Zhu Ye , Xu Lingling , Han Zhengyang , Chen Dandan , Jin Qiaofeng , Zhang Li , Xie Mingxing 
Published: July 2021

:
Ultrasound is not only the most widely used medical imaging mode for diagnostics
owing to its real-time, non-radiation, portable and low-cost merits, but also a
promising targeted drug/gene delivery technique by producing a series of powerful bioeffects.
The development of micron-sized or nanometer-sized ultrasound agents or delivery
carriers further makes ultrasound a distinctive modality in accurate diagnosis and effective
treatment. In this review, we introduce one kind of unique biogenic gas-filled protein
nanostructures called gas vesicles, which present some unique characteristics beyond the
conventional microbubbles. Gas vesicles can not only serve as ultrasound contrast agent
with innovative imaging methods such as cross-amplitude modulation harmonic imaging,
but also can further be adjusted and optimized via genetic engineered techniques. Moreover,
they could not only serve as acoustic gene reporters, acoustic biosensors to monitor
the cell metabolism, but also serve as cavitation nuclei and drug carrier for therapeutic
purpose. We focus on the latest development and applications in the area of ultrasound
imaging and targeted therapeutics, and also give a brief introduction to the corresponding
mechanisms. In summary, these biogenic gas vesicles show some advantages over conventional
MBs that deserve making more efforts to promote their development.
Application of Combined Prediction Model Based on Core and Coritivity
Theory in Continuous Blood Pressure Prediction
Authors: Zhou Kai , Yin Zhixiang , Guo Fei , Li Jiasi 
Published: July 2021

Background and Objective:
Blood pressure is vital evidence for clinicians to predict
diseases and check the curative effect of diagnosis and treatment. To further improve the prediction
accuracy of blood pressure, this paper proposes a combined prediction model of blood pressure
based on coritivity theory and photoplethysmography.

Method:
First of all, we extract eight features of photoplethysmogram, followed by using eight
machine learning prediction algorithms, such as K-nearest neighbor, classification and regression
trees, and random forest, to predict systolic blood pressure. Secondly, aiming at the problem of
sub-model selection of combination forecasting model, from the point of graph theory, we
construct an undirected network graph G, the results of each single prediction model constitute a
vertex set. If the maximum mutual information coefficient between vertices is greater than or
equal to 0.69, the vertices are connected by edges. The maximum core of graph G is a submodel of
the combinatorial model.

Results:
According to the definition of core and coritivity, the maximum core of G is random
forest regression and Gaussian kernel support vector regression model. The results show that the
SDP estimation error of the combined prediction model based on random forest regression and
Gaussian kernel support vector regression is 3.56 ±5.28mmhg, which is better than other single
models and meets the AAMI standards.

Conclusion:
The combined model determined by core and coritivity has higher prediction
performance for blood pressure.
Novel Drug Delivery System for Curcumin: Implementation to Improve
Therapeutic Efficacy against Neurological Disorders
Authors: Mohi-ud-din Roohi , Mir Reyaz Hassan , Wani Taha Umair , Shah Abdul Jalil , Mohi-Ud-Din Ishtiyaq , Dar Mudasir Ahmad , Pottoo Faheem Hyder 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenolic compound present in Curcuma
longa Linn. (Turmeric), has been used to improve various neurodegenerative conditions, including
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Prion disease, stroke,
anxiety, depression, and ageing. However, the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) impedes the delivery of
curcumin to the brain, limiting its therapeutic potential.

Objective/Aim:
This review summarises the recent advances towards the therapeutic efficacy of
curcumin along with various novel strategies to overcome its poor bioavailability across the bloodbrain
barrier.

Methods:
The data for the compilation of this review work were searched in PubMed Scopus,
Google Scholar, and Science Direct.

Result:
The review also summarises the numerous toxicological studies and the role of
curcumin in CNS disorders.

Conclusion:
The review also summarises the numerous toxicological studies and the role of
curcumin in CNS disorders.
Current Designs of Polymeric Platforms Towards the Delivery of Nucleic Acids Inside the Cells with Focus on Polyethylenimine
Authors: de Oliveira Fernando A. , Albuquerque Lindomar J.C. , Delecourt Gwendoline , Bennevault Véronique , Guégan Philippe , Giacomelli Fernando C. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Gene delivery is a promising technology for treating diseases linked to abnormal
gene expression. Since nucleic acids are the therapeutic entities in such approach, a transfecting
vector is required because the macromolecules are not able to efficiently enter the cells by themselves.
Viral vectors have been evidenced to be highly effective in this context; however, they suffer
from fundamental drawbacks, such as the ability to stimulate immune responses. The development of
synthetic vectors has accordingly emerged as an alternative.

Objectives:
Gene delivery by using non-viral vectors is a multi-step process that poses many challenges,
either regarding the extracellular or intracellular media. We explore the delivery pathway and afterwards,
we review the main classes of non-viral gene delivery vectors. We further focus on the progresses
concerning polyethylenimine-based polymer-nucleic acid polyplexes, which have emerged as
one of the most efficient systems for delivering genetic material inside the cells.

Discussion:
The complexity of the whole transfection pathway, along with a lack of fundamental understanding,
particularly regarding the intracellular trafficking of nucleic acids complexed to non-viral
vectors, probably justifies the current (beginning of 2021) limited number of formulations that have
progressed to clinical trials. Truly, successful medical developments still require a lot of basic research.

Conclusion:
Advances in macromolecular chemistry and high-resolution imaging techniques will be
useful to understand fundamental aspects towards further optimizations and future applications. More
investigations concerning the dynamics, thermodynamics and structural parameters of polyplexes
would be valuable since they can be connected to the different levels of transfection efficiency hitherto
evidenced.
Molecular Simulation Studies of Alpha Pinene, an Alkene in Search for Oxidative Stress Targeted Therapeutic Paradigms for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease: A Computational Approach and Its In-Vitro Antioxidant Validation
Authors: Srivastava Rajnish , Choudhury Pratim Kumar , Dev Suresh Kumar , Rathore Vaibhav 
Published: July 2021

Aim:
The present study was expected to explore the molecular interaction of five oxidative
stress (OS) associated target receptors with Alpha-Pinene and its antioxidant validation for the
effective treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Background:
Oxidative stress (OS) via multitudinous cascades is considered to be the leading attribute
to dopaminergic cell degeneration in PD. Furthermore, it is also well-linked to other mechanisms
involved in the neurodegeneration process, like dysfunction of mitochondria, neuroinflammation and
excitotoxicity due to NO.

Objective:
The present investigation was to establish a molecular association of OS-associated target
receptors with the bio

Material and Method:
Five different molecular targets namely Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated
Receptor- Gamma (PPARγ), Liver-X receptor beta (LXR- β), Human Monoamine Oxidase-B
(MAO-B), Human Nuclear receptor related-1 protein (Nurr1) and Human Lipoprotein-associated
phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) were obtained from RCSB-PDB, which has some leading association
in the inhibition of the OS-induced neurodegeneration. Molecular interactions were stuffed by the
simulation molecular docking software. Antioxidant activity was validated by in-vitro models as per
standardized procedures against 2,2- diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis-(3-
ethylbenzothiazoline -6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), Ferric ion (Fe3+), Hydroxyl (•OH), nitric oxide
(•NO), Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) and Hypochlorous acid (HOCl).

Result:
Our results indicated that alpha-pinene can interact with all the five different target receptors
at the active binding site. Alpha-pinene was found to show better interaction with MAO-B,
Nurr1 and PPARγ with binding energy of -5.50, -4.52 and -5.25, respectively as compared to the
native ligand. Furthermore, the interaction of alpha-pinene with LXR-β and Lp-PLA2 was also significant
with binding energy of -5.6 and -5.12, respectively. It also capable of neutralizing
all the different free radicals under consideration with significant IC50 values against HOCl and
•NO.

Conclusion:
It might be concluded that alpha-pinene could act as a potential inhibitor and scavenger
of OS which could act on the multiple target receptors under consideration.
Evaluation of By-Products of Potato Peel as Food Additive
Authors: Yuksel Ferhat , Durmaz Aysun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract:
The potato plant is an important food source produced all over the world and it provides a significant portion of daily energy intake in nourishment. In addition, a significant rate of vitamins, fibre, mineral matters, protein, and fat can be obtained by consuming potato. In this study, the production, consumption, and usage areas of potato, a crucial source of our diet, and the possibilities of using it as food additives with the nutritional properties of its peel have been investigated. Generally, potato is consumed after its peel is removed in the homes and industrial areas and many of these peels are disposed off as wastes. Studies show that potato peel has a high content of dietary fibre, protein, carbohydrate, mineral matters, vitamin, phenolic, and antioxidant. The use of potato peel as food additives have also been discussed in this study.
Diagnostic Performance of Radiology Residents in Thoracic CT Imaging
in Emergency Radiology During The COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cakmak Vefa , Herek Duygu , Cakmak Pinar 
Published: July 2021

Background:
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the workload of all radiologists and radiology
residents, as well as other clinical physicians, has increased.

Introduction:
This study aims to determine the diagnostic performance of radiology residents, who
effectively contribute to the diagnosis of COVID-19.

Methods:
The thoracic Computed Tomography (CT) images of 135 patients aged 20–83 diagnosed
with COVID-19 were evaluated retrospectively by five radiology residents and a radiologist with
10 years of experience. The diagnostic performance of the radiology residents in evaluating
COVID-19 was assessed according to their year of residency and the patients’ age and gender. Receiver
Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the sensitivity
and specificity of radiology residents.

Results:
The radiology residents’ performance in determining COVID-19 using CT findings was
evaluated as follows: sensitivity 97.22%, specificity 88.89%, positive predictive value 90.91%, negative
predictive value 96.55%, and accuracy 93.33%. According to the year of residency, the sensitivity
and specificity of the radiology residents in determining COVID-19 using CT images were
between 92.3% and 100%, and 71.43% and 100%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The high sensitivity and specificity of radiology residents in evaluating thoracic CT
images for COVID-19 diagnosis indicate that radiologists are as important as clinical physicians in
the diagnosis of COVID-19.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PELAJARAN BERBASIS APLIKASI ANDROID DENGAN AUGMENTED REALITY UNTUK MATA PELAJARAN GAMBAR TEKNIK KELAS X KONTRUKSI GEDUNG, SANITASI DAN PERAWATAN DI SMK NEGERI 1 SEYEGAN
Authors: Raharjo Nuryadin Eko , Pitaloka Galuh Kemuning 
Published: July 2021

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi android dengan augmented reality pada mata pelajaran Gambar Teknik dengan model Waterfall. Kajian ini merupakan penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan Linear sequential model atau Waterfall Model. Model Waterfall dilaksanakan melalui tahapan analisis, desain, pengodean, dan pengujian. Hasil kajian ini sebagai berikut. (1) Pada tahap analisis diketahui bahwa siswa diperbolehkan menggunakan memakai smartphone sebagai media pembelajaran, media pembelajaran masih kurang variatif dan metode guru mengajar masih konvensional. Software yang digunakan adalah Unity 3D, Corel Draw X8, dan Adobe Photoshop CS6. Spesifikasi minimum smartphone yang dibutuhkan android versi 4.0 Jellybean, RAM 768 MB dan kamera 5MP. (2) Tahap desain menghasilkan rancangan Unified Modeling Language (UML), dan desain antarmuka (user interface). (3) Pada tahap pengodean dihasilkan aplikasi android, implementasi dari desain Unified Modeling Language (UML) dan desain antarmuka (user interface). (4) Tahap pengujian dilaksanakan dengan uji materi dan uji media menurut ISO 25010. Hasil uji materi oleh ahli materi dari aspek kualitas isi dan tujuan serta aspek kualitas pembelajaran memperoleh nilai presentase 92,7% kategori sangat Layak. Pengujian aspek functional suitability oleh ahli media memperoleh nilai presentase 100% berada pada kategori sangat layak. Aspek compatibility sub kategori co-existence dan hasil uji pada berbagai tipe perangkat masing-masing memperoleh skor 100% dengan kategori sangat layak. Pengujian aspek usability memperoleh skor 79,8 dengan kategori baik. Aspek performance efficiency telah memenuhi standar dan berada pada performance efficiency yang baik.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN VIDEO ANIMASI UNTUK MATA PELAJARAN MEKANIKA TEKNIK KELAS X DESAIN PEMODELAN DAN INFORMASI BANGUNAN DI SMK N 2 YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Titania Tiara , Widodo Slamet 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran animasi untuk mekanika teknik berdasarkan kurikulum SMK 2013 Revisi 2016 yang layak dan dapat menjadi alternatif sumber belajar siswa. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian dan pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D) dengan model penelitian 4D (Define, Design, Development and Disseminate) dan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket ahli dan kuisioner didukung dengan kegiatan observasi. Angket ahli diberikan kepada ahli materi, ahli media dan angket kuisioner diberikan untuk pengguna (guru pengampu Mekanika Teknik SMK N 2 Yogyakarta). Hasil penelitian ini berupa media pembelajaran video animasi untuk mata pelajaran Mekanika Teknik dengan hasil setiap tahap sebagai berikut: (1) Hasil tahap define adalah analisis kebutuhan awal yaitu siswa belum mengetahui konsep dari pemodelan struktur, cara belajar setiap siswa yang berbeda dan media yang digunakan kurang bervariasi. Analisis konsep menghasilkan konsep tampilan media secara umum dan analisis tugas menghasilkan penetapan kompetensi dasar yang menyesuaikan dengan analisis kebutuhan awal untuk kemudian dirumuskan tujuan pembelajarannya; (2) Hasil tahap design adalah susunan materi berdasarkan kompetensi dasar dan indikator yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil akhir media berformat .exe terdiri dari animasi, video dan teks; (3) Hasil tahap development berupa nilai dari validasi ahli dan calon pengguna sebagai berikut: a) penilaian ahli materi pada media pembelajaran animasi mekanika teknik mendapatkan skor 68 dan persentase 100% dan dinyatakan bahwa media sangat layak, b) penilaian ahli media pada animasi media pembelajaran mekanika teknik mendapatkan skor 84 dan persentase 91,6% dan dinyatakan bahwa media sangat layak, dan c) penilaian dari uji coba calon pengguna pada media pembelajaran video animasi mekanika teknik mendapatkan rata-rata skor 39,5 dan persentase 76,3% dan dinyatakan bahwa media layak digunakan.
The Influence of Online Health Information Seeking Before a Consultation on Anxiety, Satisfaction, and Information Recall, Mediated by Patient Participation: Field Study
Authors: de Looper Melanie , van Weert Julia C M , Schouten Barbara C , Bolle Sifra , Belgers Eric H J , Eddes Eric H , Smets Ellen M A 
Published: July 2021

Background
Today, many cancer patients engage in online health information seeking (OHIS). However, little is known about how patients differ in their OHIS levels. In addition, OHIS might influence patient participation during a consultation with a physician, which might mediate the effects on patient outcomes.

Objective
The aim of this study is twofold: first, to provide insight into which personal characteristics and psychosocial factors affect patients’ OHIS levels and, second, to test the hypothesis that the effects of OHIS on patient outcomes are mediated by patient participation during the consultation.

Methods
Patient participation was operationalized in terms of patients’ absolute word count; the relative contribution of the patient, compared with the health care provider; and the number of questions and assertions expressed during the consultation. The patient outcomes measured were anxiety after the consultation, satisfaction with the consultation, and information recall. Participants in this study were patients recently diagnosed with colorectal cancer recruited from 6 hospitals in the Netherlands (n=90). Data were collected using questionnaires and audio-recorded consultations of patients with health care providers before their surgery.

Results
The results showed that younger patients, higher educated patients, patients with a monitoring coping style, and patients who experienced more cancer-related stress engaged more in OHIS. In turn, OHIS was related to patient participation in terms of the patient’s absolute word count but not to the relative contribution to the consultation or expressing questions and assertions. We did not find a relation between OHIS and anxiety and OHIS and recall mediated by patient participation. However, we found that patients’ absolute word count significantly mediated the positive association between OHIS and patients’ satisfaction with the consultation.

Conclusions
Results indicate positive implications of OHIS for patients’ care experience and, therefore, the importance of helping patients engage in OHIS. However, the results also suggest that OHIS is only successful in increasing a single aspect of patient participation, which might explain the absence of relations with anxiety and recall. The results suggest that more beneficial effects on patient outcomes may be achieved when health care providers support patients in OHIS.