bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of the good practices of active mobility measures implemented by European cities due to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Nalmpantis Dimitrios , Vatavali Fereniki , Kehagia Fotini 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The scope of this paper is to make a review of the good practices of active mobility measures implemented by big European cities to face the changing travel patterns and the social distancing requirement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Active mobility good practices were gathered by 50 postgraduate students and they were categorized by the authors. 50 European cities were reported, of which four (4) were examined further as the most reported ones. These were the following: Paris, France; Milan, Italy; Brussels, Belgium; and Berlin, Germany. This does not mean that these cities are the best performing in active mobility, as there could be cities that already had adequate active mobility performance, and other factors interfere, such as the brand name of each city. The most reported good practice was the temporary pop-up bicycle lanes, also applied in Thessaloniki, Greece. Another good practice is the expansion of pedestrianization and the speed limit of 30 km/h. Athens, Thessaloniki, and other Greek cities have a lot to learn from the experience of the other European cities, and this paper is an attempt of knowledge transfer. It seems that the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic has become an excellent opportunity for the promotion of active mobility in Europe that should not be left unexploited.
Photochemical treatment of an actual municipal wastewater by means of UV, potassium persulfate and iron
Authors: Kanafin Yerkanat N , Makhatova Ardak , Arkhangelsky Elizabeth , Poulopoulos Stavros G 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The photochemical treatment of an actual municipal wastewater (MWW) from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Kazakhstan has been studied in the present work. The MWW has been taken after mechanical treatment stage and characterized. The photochemical treatment included the use of the photo-Fenton-like process in the batch photoreactor with a UV irradiation at 254 nm for 120 min. Experiments have been done without adjusting the initial pH of wastewater, which was around 7.7. Potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) was activated by means of UV and ferric ions, which led to generation of highly oxidative sulfate and peroxymonosulfate radicals. The concentration of Fe2+ ions ranged from 20 to 100 ppm, while the concentration of K2S2O8 was in between 5 and 25 mmol/L. 83% removal of total organic carbon (TOC) was achieved after 120 min of treatment using 15 mmol/L K2S2O8 and 20 ppm Fe2+, while 75% removal of total carbon (TC) was observed at 15 mmol/L K2S2O8 and 100 ppm Fe2+. As the carboxylic acids are common organic intermediates after photochemical treatment, the presence of formate and acetate anions in effluents were further detected on the ion chromatography.
The morphological and physiological studies Gorontalo local upland rice treated with drought and shade stresses
Authors: Ahmad A , Sija P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Crop growth and production are strongly affected by abiotic and biotic stresses. Survival rate frequently been used to evaluate rice drought tolerance with a low survival rate of rice plants undergoing drought stress leading to low yields. The aim of this research was to obtain Gorontalo local upland rice variants that are tolerant against drought and shade stresses by considering the morphological and physiological characteristics. The research was conducted in Bulotada Barat Village, Sipatana District, Gorontalo, from January to August 2017. Employing the randomized block design with three replications, the research consisted of two treatment factors. The first factor is the accession, which consists of two tolerant accessions; two moderately tolerant accessions, two drought-sensitive accessions, and two shade-sensitive accessions. The second factor pertains to the drought and shade stresses which consist of drought + 25% shade stress, drought + 50% shade stress, and a control. Irrigation in the drought control specimen was given until inundation reached 1.5 cm. In a drought-stressed situation, irrigation was given when the groundwater reached -30 to -35.9 kPa. The Ponda Merah accessions were the accessions that were tolerant against drought and shade stresses. The morphological characteristics of Gorontalo local upland rice that showed tolerance against drought and shade stresses were longer roots (33.20 cm), heavier dry weight (38.82 gr), a thinner leaf (186,56 cm2.g-1), and a higher yield (4,90 gr.cluster−1). The physiological characteristic of the Gorontalo local upland rice that showed tolerance against drought and shade stresses was the sugar content (0,73 g.g-1) which was higher than the other treatment.
Identification of the genetic diversity of sweet potato germplasm based on quantitative morphological characters
Authors: Indriani Febria Cahya , Restuono Joko , Rahajeng Wiwit , Patriyawaty Nia Romania , Ashari Sumeru , Sundari Titik , Mejaya Made Jana 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSweet potato is one of the prospective food crops to be used as an export commodity. Information on genetic diversity of sweet potato is needed as a consideration for the improvement of superior sweet potato varieties that have export quality. The research was conducted in Wringin Songo village, Tumpang, Malang Regency. The materials used were 150 sweetpotato accessions in total that consisting of: 19 superior varieties, 38 local clones, 1 introduced variety and 92 promising clones. This experiment was arranged in randomized block design (RBD) with two replications. The qquantitative morphological variables such as: potential yield, tuber weight, dry matter, stover weight, harvest index and number of tubers plot−1were observed. The results showed that the genetic diversity was quite high in the sweet potato germplasm, there were 41 clones that had yield potential (≥ 30 t ha−1). Some of these clones were prospective to be used as parents for crossing due to their ability to flower. Two sweet potato clones (MSU 10001-18 and MSU 07030-64) with dark purple flesh colour, Kidal variety with yelow flesh color and above 30% tuber dry matter have the criteria required for export market.
Morphological characteristics and resistance to the pest of local corn variety of “Jago Leke” genetic resources in West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Aisah Ai Rosah , Fitrahtunnisa  , Hipi Awaludin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Jago Leke is a local variety of sticky corn in the City of Bima which is very familiar and spread in the Province of NTB, especially on Sumbawa Island. This corn has a fluffier and sweet taste. However, at present its existence is in danger of being displaced by hybrid corn, which in recent years has been mass-cultivated in almost all areas on the island of Sumbawa. The purpose of this study was to determine the morphological characters and resistance to pests of sticky corn of the Jago Leke variety in an effort to preserve potential genetic resources. The method used in this research is observation and interviews. The results showed that the jago leke seed had an early maturity of 60 days, reddish stem color, shorter plant height than corn in general, small cobs, and red young cob hair. The main plant pest organisms that attack this jago leke plant are grasshoppers, stem borers, leaf blight, and leaf rust. Plant pest organism attack symptoms occur in both the vegetative and generative phases with different attack intensities.
Combining ability of S3 maize inbred lines and related contributing traits for high yield under high population density
Authors: Efendi Roy , Slamet Bambang P. , Arif Subechan M , Aqil M. , Azrai M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The productivity of maize may be increased by using maize hybrid ideotype (erect leaves and small leaf angles) which is adaptive under high plant population density. The hybrids maize was desirable in increasing the plant density due to better light interception and space so that it can increase the yield per unit area. The aim of the research was to assess S3 lines that had good combining ability and to determine the traits associated with high yields under high plant population density (83.333 plants/ha). A total of 242 hybrids (F1) were examined from a crossed combination of 121 lines x 2 tester were evaluated with three commercial hybrid varieties such as Bisi 18, P 27, and P 36. The evaluation was carried under high plant population density (83,333 plants/ha) in the rainy season (November 2020 – February 2021). The research used an alpha lattice design with three replications. The results showed that the inbred lines had a greater effect on the yield character and yield components, while the leaf angle and leaf orientation effected by the tester. The lines that had good general combining ability for high yielding were M3B11P27T3-11-3-1, P27M3B11T3-1-4-2, P27M3B11T3-1-2-1, M3B11P27T3-8-4-1, P27M3B11T1-7-1-1, M3B11P27T1-1-1-3. The yield range of the hybrids were 8.43-9.90 t/ha, significantly higher than Bisi 18, P 27, P 36 varieties were 7.13 t/ha. Traits such as small leaf angle, erect leaf, root and stem lodging resistance, stem diameter, leaf length, ear diameter, and kernel row number were significantly correlated with high yield under high plant population density.
Morphological characteristics of Madiun 1, the First Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) released cultivar in Indonesia
Authors: Nugrahaeni Novita , Hapsari Ratri Tri , Trustinah  , Indriani Febria Cahya , Sutrisno  , Amanah Amri , Yusnawan Eriyanto , Mutmaidah Siti , Baliadi Yuliantoro , Utomo Joko Susilo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) is a tuber crop native to the tropics that belongs to the Araceae family. Porang is a potential tuber crops that has been known in Indonesia for a long time, but the value of its product has not been widely disclosed. The planting area covers over 45,000 ha with East Java as the main production areaMadiun-East Java has a long and the oldest history of porang cultivation in Indonesia and has great potential for porang development. Characterized and officially released its local cultivar as an official released cultivar would protect the local germplasm and can be used as a basis for character improvement. Porang Madiun 1 cultivar has morphological characteristics of compound leaf type, dark green-green leaf color. The color of the leaf edges is pink, but as the age of the plant increases, the leaf edges turn white. Porang leaf surface smooth-wavy, hairless. The edges of porang leaves are smooth- wavy, depend on sunlight intensity. Stem shape was round, stem color was green with white spots and longitudinal lines, The pattern of spots on the stems has a sparse density, with the color of the stems varying depending on the age of the plant. Shape of bulbil was irregular round with various size. Average corm weight of Madiun 1 was 0.1 kg for first year porang plant, 0.4 kg for second year porang plant, and 1.6 kg for third year it became 1.6 kg with the average number of bulbils 1.8, 4.9, and 16.7, respectively
Screening of shade tolerant hybrid maize based on stress tolerance index
Authors: Bidhari Lesty Ayu , Effendi Roy , Andayani Nining N. , Bambang Slamet 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The development of adaptive and high-yielding maize varieties tolerant to shade stress is the right strategy to increase productivity and national maize production by utilizing the land in shaded conditions or under annual stands with 40% shade intensity. This study aimed to assess the best genetic material before releasing new shade tolerant maize varieties. This experiment was conducted in shaded and unshaded conditions in the Indonesian Cereal Research Institute, Maros, from July-October 2018 in KP. Pandu, North Sulawesi under coconut trees from March-August 2019. The design is using a randomized block design with three replications. The genetic material used consisted of 10 three-lane cross-hybrid maize, SHD01, SHD02, SHD03, SHD04, SHD05, SHD06, SHD07, SHD08, SHD09, and SHD10, and two comparison varieties of three-lane cross-hybrid maize, Bima-19, and P-35. Shade causes a reduction in light intensity, impacting changes in the microclimate under the shade. This is indicated by the dynamics of changes in light intensity which are quite high between maize crops in shaded and unshaded conditions. Tolerance to shade stress was assessed by measuring the difference in yield between unshaded environmental conditions and shaded environmental conditions to assess average productivity under normal and shaded conditions using the stress tolerance index (STI). The adaptive level in shade conditions of the candidate varieties SHD02 and SHD10 was significantly better than that of the Bima 19 and P 35 varieties, with the STI values of these candidates being 0.87 and 0.80, while the two comparison varieties Bima 19 and P 35, were respectively only 0.62.
Evaluation of anthocyanin corn under various agro-environment in Indonesia
Authors: Jamaluddin  , Paesal  , Syuryawati  , Muzdalifah  , Fattah Abdul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the last decade, purple corn gain more attention mainly due to its high nutritional value and attractive color appearance. Purple corn contain anthocyanin 350% higher than normal corn. Based on its excellence, the research was conducted to find out of high yield purple opv corn with good resistance to downy mildew. The experiment was conducted by using randomized block design with three replication. The variable observed including agronomic character like vegetative, generative and scored disease of downy meldows. The result showed that two opve candidate were PMU(S1).Synth.F.C1 and PMU(S1).Synth.D.C1 have the highest yield6,80-6,85 t/ha, higher 50% than PLU. C0 (check). PMU(S1).Synth.F.C1 showed moderate resistence to downy meldows (20%-35%) and PMU(S1).Synth.D.C1 susceptible (>60%).
Yield performance and agronomic character association in soybean genotypes
Authors: Hapsari RT , Adie MM , Krisnawati A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate the performance of yield and yield components of soybean genotypes, as well as the relationship pattern among characters that affect the seed yield. The research material consists of 145 F5 lines and five check cultivars, which were evaluated for their yield and yield components in Malang and Probolinggo, using a randomized block design with two replicates. The combined analysis of variance for yield and yield component showed a significant interaction effect between location and genotype for the number of branches, the number of empty pods, 100 seed weight, and seed yield. The performance of yield and yield components of soybean genotypes tested in Malang showed earlier maturity, taller plants, larger seed size, and higher seed yields when compared to research conducted in Probolinggo. In the selection for the best genotypes, ten genotypes were chosen for their large seed size criteria, while two genotypes were chosen for their relatively medium maturity (81 days) in the location of Malang. In Probolinggo, of the ten genotypes, three genotypes with medium maturity, and three genotypes with medium seed size. The selected genotypes will proceed to the stage of the advanced yield trial. The association study revealed that soybean yield has a positive correlation with plant height, number of nodes, number of branches, number of filled pods, days to flowering, and days to maturity. Those yield components could be used as selection criteria in the breeding program to obtain high-yielding soybean cultivars.
Combining ability and heterotic value of ten lines maize genotypes tolerant to tidal-swamp soil stress
Authors: Suwarti  , Ghulamahdi Munif , Azrai Muhammad , Sopandi Didy , Trikoesoemaningtyas  , Sulistyono Eko 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Development of maize hybrid for tidal swampland was initiated by selecting and combinate some superior line genotypes that tolerate to the restrictions in target environment. This study aimed was to evaluate the capability of ten maize lines result of selection on tidal swamp acid sulphate soils to obtain GCU, GCA, and heterosis values based on parental yield averages. The experiment has consisted of ten fine line genotypes which have selected in 2019 at the tidal swamp. Each parent was crossed in half-diallel combination, resulting in 46 entries, including the inbred parents. The entries were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The research was conducted on Bajeng Research Station Experiment 5°18’S and 119°30’E from September 2020 to January 2021. The result shows that GCA ability and SCA ability was significant to yield in the form of grain (15% moisture content), the number of ear per plot, ten ear weight, ten corncob weight, ear harvested weight, 1000 seeds weight, plant height, ear length and the number of seed per ear. Grain yield of W6xW9 crosses obtains the highest value of 9.36 tha−1, non-significantly different to hybrid check P35 (9.35 tha-1). The highest GCA value in the grain yield character was obtained on W9 parental line (0.64**). The highest SCA was obtained on the crossing of W7 x W8 (2.61). The highest heterosis value was revealed in W5 x W10 hybrid (4.80). However, W7 x W8 crossing heterosis value was 2.34, indicate that a high SCA effect did not usually generate high heterosis. To perform high heterosis value, W10 was good as female parental.
Observation of promising tungro resistant rice lines in West Sulawesi
Authors: Muazam Arif , Mansur  , Panikkai Sumarni 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Food needs, especially rice, are a priority for agricultural businesses in Indonesia. The development of the world population in general and Indonesia in particular encourages a rapid increase in rice productivity. So it is demanded to have variety of rice that is resistant to disease and has superior rice productivity. Efforts to increase rice yields can not be separated from the efforts of assembling new superior varieties that are disease resistant as well as high yield potential. One of the plant breeding activities is observation activities. To explore the potential of rice strains after the screening stage, it is necessary to evaluate the germplasm or selected rice strains so that genotype can be screened which gives a positive response to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Tungro disease is generally the main problem in efforts to increase rice productivity. Tungro disease can attack rice plants from seedlings, vegetative stadia leaves through the host of green aphrodisiacs (Nephotetix vieressens). In vulnerable rice and supportive environmental conditions, this disease can cause farmers to fail to harvest or ‘puso’. The use of resistant varieties is the most practical and economical ways of controlling tungro disease. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the resistance of the rice breeddings lines to tungro disease. The research was conducted during Planting Period II in 2019 in the endemic area of Tungro Kalukku, West Sulawesi. The genetic materials tested as many as 26 strains from the group of researcher germplasm of Tungro research station and resistant check varieties namely Inpari 36 and comparison production namely Ciherang. The results showed that the strains tested had a diversity of different resistances that showed varying responses to tungro disease. Rice breeddings the best from checker varieties Ciherang and Inpari 36 namely: Strains No.2, 10, 12, 16, and 19 can be recommended for used further testing.
Evaluating cassava best management practices towards low fertility soil in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Subekti Nuning A. , Purwanto Oky Dwi , Purwani Endang Y. , Taufiq Abdullah , Ramadhan Rizky P. , Putu Wardana I , Damardjati Djoko S. , Rochani Renny , Sasmita Priatna , Syamsuri Prayudi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMarginal land with low fertility is a major problem in cassava cultivation. The purpose of this study was to determine the best combination of fertilization to increase the growth and yield of cassava on an Inceptisols soil. Urea (46% N), SP-36 (36% P2O5), KCl (60% K2O), NPK Phonska (15% N:15% P2O5:15% K2O), Poly4 Sirius (14% K2O:17% CaO:6% MgO: 19% S), and chicken manure were used as a nutrient source into six treatment combinations. The results showed that fertilizer application significantly affected the plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, diameter of tubers, the total number of tubers, number and weight of marketable tubers, and the total weight of tubers per plant. The highest fresh and dry weight of storage roots was achieved in the best management practice involving application of 138 kg N + 36 kg P2O5+ 60 kg K2O + 37 kg Ca + 13 kg Mg + 41 kg S per hectare compared to other treatments where the weight of marketable tubers was also higher. The right combination of fertilizer rates was needed to achieve high yield targets of cassava and depends on the site- specific conditions of soil fertility and nutrient status.
Increasing productivity of mungbean (vigna radiata (l.) Wilczek) under subsistence farming in Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Rahmianna Agustina Asri , Basuki Tony , Kote Medo , Seran Yohanes L. , Rachaputi Rao C.N. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Mungbean is one of the major food legume and cash crops grown and consumed by small holder farmers under rain-fed conditions in Eastern Indonesia. However, the mungbean productivity has been low, less than 1 ton ha−1 due to a number of reasons including poor awareness about new varieties and skills of crop management. Two trials: varietal trial and management practices were conducted at Malaka District, East Nusa Tenggara during wet season 2008. The varietal trial in six sites resulted in identification of Sriti, Murai, Betet, and Vima 1 varieties had high productivity (1.1-1.5 t ha−1) with single harvest, shorter maturity, compared to the local varieties which were characterized by lower productivity (1.0-1.1 t ha−1), multiple harvests and longer maturity. The management practices found that selected varieties in combination with improved technology gave doubled seed yields compared to the yields when grown using local technology. These activities showed a reliable pathway to increase productivity of mungbean at small holder levels. The varietal and agronomic management trials demonstrated the impact of the technologies on mungbean productivity at small holder levels and identified future needs to sustain food productivity in remote regions on Eastern Indonesia.
A decision support system for hybrid corn classification
Authors: Zainuddin Bunyamin , Tabri F. , Andayani N. N. , Efendi Roy , Suwardi  , Aqil M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
High yielding corn is primarily derived from a cross-pollination among superior appearing male and female plants. Cross-pollination is closely linked at the tasseling/flowering stage, marked by the emergence of tassel for 5-10 days. With the advancement of machine learning, there are opportunities to apply deep learning models to control the purity of plants. The research aims to develop a decision support system based on deep learning to enable earlier identification and removal of contamination/off-type plants during seed production. The datasets containing 1,587 tassel images taken by high resolution camera. The results of the training and the validation sequence indicated a highly correlated accuracy score. A quite contrasting tassel morphology makes it easier for the model to distinguish on and off-type plants. The loss value during the training and the validation stages was 0.05 and 0.1 respectively. A stand-alone graphical user interface (GUI) was deployed to support the early detection of tassels in the field. This tool can be used to support national corn seed production programs.