bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Termination points of the facial artery—A meta‐analysis
Authors: Koziej Mateusz , Bonczar Michał , Ostrowski Patryk , Piątek‐Koziej Katarzyna , Bonczar Tomasz , Pasternak Artur , Dziedzic Martyna , Walocha Jerzy 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe facial artery (FA) is the main artery supplying the anterior face, making this artery a very important structure to consider while performing plastic and reconstructive procedures. The literature shows discrepancies in anatomical classifications and the frequency of occurrence of individual variations. Therefore, the goal of this meta‐analysis is to provide surgeons with helpful knowledge about the variety of the termination of FA. Articles with data about the termination of the FA were found in major online medical databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web Of Science, and Cochrane Library. A total of 1346 articles were initially evaluated by two independent reviewers. Out of those, 24 articles matched the required criteria, and were used in this meta‐analysis. A total of 2119 studied FAs were included in this study. The FA termination patterns were divided into five previously classified types. The data show that the FA terminates most frequently as the lateral nasal or angular artery with the prevalence for this group being 69.81% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 59.83%–78.94%). Authors believe that this is the most accurate and up to date study regarding termination patterns and the prevalence of the FA. The results of this meta‐analysis could provide a helpful tool for surgeons preforming plastic and cosmetic procedures, especially when injecting dermal fillers or choosing and preforming facial flaps. Detailed anatomical knowledge about the FA may prevent potential surgical complications.
The prognostic value of TPM1–4 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tian Zhihui , Zhao Jian , Wang Yusheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite advances in multiple disciplinary diagnoses and treatments, the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poor. Some evidence has identified that the aberrant expression of tropomyosins (TPMs) is involved with some cancers development. However, prognostic values of TPMs in HCC have not been thoroughly investigated.MethodsOriginal TPM1–4 mRNA expression of TCGA HCC data and GTEx was downloaded from UCSC XENA. Oncomine database and GSE46408 were used for verification. Clinical stages and survival analysis of TPM1–4 in HCC were performed by GEPIA2. cBioPortal was utilized to assess TPM1–4 gene alteration in HCC. TIMER2.0 was used for investigating the relevance of TPM1–4 to tumor‐infiltrating immune cells in HCC. Additionally, we constructed a TPM1–4 prognostic model to explore the value of TPM1–4 for prognostic evaluation in HCC. LinkedOmics was applied to elucidate TPM3 co‐expression networks in HCC.ResultsThis present study showed that TPM1–4 was upregulated in all HCC tissues, and TPM3 overexpression was correlated with poor survival outcomes in patients with HCC. Besides, TPM3 amplification was the main altered type in TPM1–4 genetic alteration, which affected the prognosis of HCC patients. The risk model revealed that TPM1, TPM2, and TPM3 were applied to risk assessment of HCC prognosis, among which TPM3 expression was significantly higher in the high‐risk group than that in the low‐risk group. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses indicated that TPM3 may be an independent prognostic factor of HCC prognosis. In addition, TPM3 co‐expression genes mainly participated in the cell cycle by maintaining microtubule cytoskeleton in HCC progression. TPM1–4 was associated with some tumor‐infiltrating immune cells in HCC.ConclusionOur study detected that the expression level of TPM1–4 was all remarkably elevated in HCC, suggesting that TPM1–4 may serve an important role in HCC development. High TPM3 expression was found to be correlated with poor overall survival, and TPM3 may be an independent prognostic factor for HCC.
Substrate Enolate Intermediate and Mimic Captured in the Active Site of Streptomyces coelicolor Methylmalonyl‐CoA Epimerase**
Authors: Stunkard Lee M. , Benjamin Aaron B. , Bower James B. , Huth Tyler J. , Lohman Jeremy R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMethylmalonyl‐CoA epimerase (MMCE) is proposed to use general acid‐base catalysis, but the proposed catalytic glutamic acids are highly asymmetrical in the active site unlike many other racemases. To gain insight into the puzzling relationships between catalytic mechanism, structure, and substrate preference, we solved Streptomyces coelicolor MMCE structures with substrate or 2‐nitropropionyl‐CoA, an intermediate/transition state analogue. Both ligand bound structures have a planar methylmalonate/2‐nitropropionyl moiety indicating a deprotonated C2 with ≥4 Å distances to either catalytic acid. Both glutamates interact with the carboxylate/nitro group, either directly or through other residues. This suggests the proposed catalytic acids sequentially catalyze proton shifts between C2 and carboxylate of the substrate with an enolate intermediate. In addition, our structures provide a platform to design mutations for expanding substrate scope to support combinatorial biosynthesis.
Prediction of left circumflex artery impingement after indirect mitral annuloplasty with the carillon device: “There is more to this than meets the eye!”
Authors: Moussa Issam D. 
Published: December 2021

Key Points
CT angiography prior to indirect mitral annuloplasty with the Carillon device may provide useful information for prediction of left circumflex artery (LCX) impingement.
Application of coronary sinus to LCX distance, as a predictor of LCX impingement, needs further validation.
Future studies should examine anatomic predictors of LCX impingement within well‐defined pathophysiological subsets of patients with functional mitral regurgitation.
Do we have an ideal bleeding prediction scoring system yet?
Authors: Cilingiroglu Mehmet , Kilic Ismail Dogu 
Published: December 2021

Key Points
Major bleeding is a frequent periprocedural complication of peripheral vascular interventions.
An integer scoring system can be used to stratify patients according to their bleeding risk.
Use of risk prediction scores may improve outcomes in PVI procedures; however, further studies are needed.
Left main coronary revascularization strategies in the COVID‐19 era
Authors: Kornowski Ran 
Published: December 2021

Key Points
In a UK national analysis of a contemporary procedural cohort, the authors demonstrated that left main (LM) revascularization has significantly declined during the initial wave period of COVID‐19, with a clear shift towards PCI as the preferred revascularization strategy.
Adjusted in‐hospital and 30‐day mortality within each revascularization group was similar in the pre‐COVID and COVID periods, reflecting a maintenance in quality of short‐term outcomes following LM revascularization.
More data are required to explain this phenomenon and to explore the long‐term outcomes and temporal trands data.
When and how to close vessels in the cardiac catheterization laboratory
Authors: Kostantinis Spyridon , Brilakis Emmanouil S. 
Published: December 2021

Key Points
Coil embolization can be used to occlude various vessels and structures in the cardiac catheterization laboratory, such as coronary artery fistulas, left internal mammary artery side branches, coronary artery perforations, and coronary artery aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms.
Coiling can be achieved with high success and low complication rates.
Since coiling is performed infrequently in the cardiac catheterization laboratory, stocking an appropriate, limited selection of 0.014 inch detachable coils and learning how to deliver and deploy them can literally be a “life saver”!
Debulking uncrossable lesions with excimer laser: The interplay between device performance and limitations
Authors: Topaz On 
Published: December 2021

Key Points
Excimer laser successfully debulks atherosclerotic plaques, noteworthy lesions that fail to yield (uncrossable) to standard tools.
Severe calcifications serve as an independent predictor of laser failure to recanalize uncrossable lesions, whereby other debulking technologies may better succeed.
Q‐T prolongation during lasing represents dynamic ischemia caused either by impaired flow or distal spasm, leading to development of severe arrhythmias, thus, proper lasing techniques remain essential.
Surgical turndowns are not no option patients
Authors: Vetrovec George W. 
Published: December 2021

Key Points
Patients with extensive, high‐risk coronary artery disease (CAD) deemed surgically ineligible who undergo elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have better than predicted surgical 30‐day outcomes.
Risk factors predicting 1‐year PCI outcomes include frailty and STS score.
Future trials are needed to best assess acceptable risk profiles for PCI in surgical turndowns as well as the impact of procedural characteristics such as completeness of revascularization, hemodynamic support, and image‐guided stenting on late outcomes.
Tobacco and Venus may reduce man to ashes, even when Bacchus is on vacation
Authors: Aranzulla Tiziana Claudia , Musumeci Giuseppe 
Published: December 2021

Key Points
Mortality after spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is low, and it is related to baseline cardiovascular risk factors as smoking and sex rather than management strategies.
Helping post‐SCAD patients to quit smoking and a greater awareness of the possible occurrence of SCAD in men may improve outcomes.
Wider studies systematically reporting in‐hospital and long‐term mortality after SCAD will enhance our knowledge on this heterogeneous clinical entity.
Myocardial infarction with non obstructive coronary arteries complicated with ventricular septal rupture: A case report and literature review
Authors: Kafkas Nikolaos , Dragasis Stylianos , Mantis Christos , Floros Georgios 
Published: December 2021

AbstractVentricular septal rupture represents one of the most serious complications after an acute coronary syndrome. Nowadays this condition is rare due to early revascularization, but is still associated with high mortality rate. In this case report, we present an unusual case of a woman suffering an acute myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteries complicated with a ventricular septal rupture, which required surgical correction.
Optimization of soluble dietary fiber extraction from hulless barley grass
Authors: Xu Yijuan , Zhang Chuangchuang , Liao Zhanghua , Li Zijun , Xu Xianming , Sui Zhongquan , Corke Harold 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe key factors determining the extraction conditions of soluble dietary fiber from hulless barley grass (HBG) are still unclear. Impact of enzymatic treatment on the yield of soluble fiber of HBG under different reaction conditions was investigated.FindingsResponse surface methodology (RSM) was carried out to establish the optimal combination of reaction conditions based on Box‐Behnken design (BBD), using xylanase concentration (X1: 400–1200 unit/g), cellulase concentration (X2: 200–600 unit/g), and enzymatic hydrolysis time (X3: 1–5 hr). The optimum reaction condition increased soluble dietary fiber (SDF) of HBG from 1.6% to 22.8%, when HBG was subjected to a combination of xylanase (995 unit/g) and cellulase (392 unit/g) for 2.4 hr. The experimental value (22.8%) was close to the theoretically predicted yield (23.0%), indicating that the model could be used to predict the yield of SDF in HBG.ConclusionsSDF level was correlated to xylanase concentration and cellulase concentration, but the main factor was enzymatic hydrolysis time. Reaction conditions were not significantly related to particle size and water to raw material ratio.Significance and noveltyThis study could provide support for production of SDF‐based functional food products.
Structure‐Activity Studies Reveal Scope for Optimisation of Ebselen‐Type Inhibition of SARS‐CoV‐2 Main Protease
Authors: Thun‐Hohenstein Siegfried T. D. , Suits Timothy F. , Malla Tika R. , Tumber Anthony , Brewitz Lennart , Choudhry Hani , Salah Eidarus , Schofield Christopher J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe reactive organoselenium compound ebselen is being investigated for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and other diseases. We report structure‐activity studies on sulfur analogues of ebselen with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) main protease (Mpro), employing turnover and protein‐observed mass spectrometry‐based assays. The results reveal scope for optimisation of ebselen/ebselen derivative‐ mediated inhibition of Mpro, particularly with respect to improved selectivity.
ESOTP: ECC‐based secure object tracking protocol for IoT communication
Authors: Majumder Suman , Ray Sangram , Sadhukhan Dipanwita , Khan Muhammad Khurram , Dasgupta Mou 
Published: December 2021

SummaryObjects/tags are generally passes through multiple readers before achieving the final destination within the IoT network. Hence, object identification is a significant issue as some bogus objects may take part for malicious access. Considering this situation, RFID can be used for unique identification and validation of IoT objects. However, it recognizes many objects at the same time and faces limitations like non‐repudiations, injection of fake objects, and unclonability issues. Alternatively, security limitations between tags and readers are analyzed and found that whole communication depends on limited computational resource and simple operations such as hash function, XOR operation, and so forth. Moreover, the communication channel between reader and backend server is secure due to symmetric or asymmetric key encryption algorithms. As the information is exchanged by the tags with readers, a secure path must be maintained among them for safe communication with cloud server. For the development of secure path and verification of objects, ECC‐based Cramer‐Shoup encryption, cryptographic authentication protocol (CAP), and device fingerprinting can be used. To overcome the existing limitations, we are motivated to design an ECC‐based secure object tracking and key exchange protocol that allows the owner device to be offline during communication. This suggested scheme is referred as ESOTP. Several recognized cryptographic attacks are evaluated, the security strength is validated and found that ESOTP is resilient against those attacks. Finally, a comparative study is performed regarding the security features and performance efficiency of ESOTP with other existing schemes and enhanced results are found.
Kraftvoller Fassadenrhythmus – Neubau Bürogebäude im Technologiepark Bremen
Authors: Westphal Jost 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDas neue Bürogebäude der Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft Emde & Partner mbB steht stellvertretend für einen Generationenwechsel im Technologiepark Bremen. Es bietet im Innenraum moderne Arbeitswelten für kommunikatives und konzentriertes Arbeiten. Die Vielseitigkeit und Flexibilität der Räumlichkeiten findet sich in der äußeren Erscheinung als anthrazitfarbene Klinkerfassade mit variierender Wechsellaibung wieder.
Integratives Ensemble – Neubau Grundschule und Kita mit Sporthalle in Hannover
Authors: Stroman Frauke 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAm Hannoveraner Welfenplatz ist ein Ensemble aus Schule, Kindertagesstätte und Sporthalle entstanden, das sich harmonisch in die Umgebung integriert, den Kindern einen freundlich gestalteten und geschützten Raum zum Lernen und Toben zur Verfügung stellt und sich zudem durch eine nachhaltige Bauweise auszeichnet. Im Rahmen einer öffentlich‐privaten Partnerschaft mit der Landeshauptstadt Hannover als Auftraggeber hat das Architektur‐ und Ingenieurbüro pbr Planungsbüro Rohling AG die Architekturplanung erbracht.
Fassade vermittelt zwischen Moderne und Tradition – Büroneubau Phoenixwerk in Dortmund‐Hörde
Authors: Stroman Frauke 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIm Dortmunder Vorort Hörde ist auf dem ehemaligen Gelände des Hochofenwerks Phoenix West das PhoenixWERK, der erste Baukörper eines zukunftsweisenden Büroensembles, entstanden. Mit seiner Architektursprache und der Mauerwerksfassade fügt er sich hervorragend in die zum Teil unter Denkmalschutz stehende Umgebung ein und nimmt damit die Ursprünglichkeit des Ortes auf.
Risk of malignancy associated with the diagnostic categories proposed by the Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology for pancreaticobiliary specimens: An institutional experience
Authors: Gonzalez‐Mancera Miguel S. , Ahmadian Saman S. , Gomez‐Fernandez Carmen , Velez‐Torres Jaylou , Jorda Merce , García‐Buitrago Monica T. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe guidelines published by the Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology (PSC) intend to unify the reporting language in pancreaticobiliary specimens and improve communication between cytopathologists and clinicians. The six categories in the system will determine the best management for patients. However, there is limited evidence regarding the risk of malignancy (ROM) associated with each category.MethodsA retrospective search was performed for pancreaticobiliary fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) reports with corresponding surgical follow‐up. Cases were reclassified according to the PSC. The ROM, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated for each category.ResultsA total of 297 cases were identified and reclassified as: 30 nondiagnostic (category I), 45 negative for malignancy (II), 20 atypical (III), 42 neoplastic: other (IVB), 19 suspicious for malignancy (V), and 141 malignant (VI). The absolute ROM was 10% for category I, 8.9% for category II, 60% for category III, 4.8% for category IV when the neoplasms were not characterized as malignant, and 100% when categorized as malignant; 100% for category V, and 95.7% for category VI. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for neoplasia and malignancy, including categories IV to VI, were 96.6%, 88.4%, 97.5%, and 84.4%, respectively.ConclusionsThe categories developed by the PSC stratify the ROM. Aspirates designated as categories V and VI had the highest ROM. Our rate of atypical category complies with the recommended rate of <10%. This scheme provides valuable information to clinicians treating patients with pancreatic lesions.
Dietary cardenolides enhance growth and change the direction of the fecundity‐longevity trade‐off in milkweed bugs (Heteroptera: Lygaeinae)
Authors: Pokharel Prayan , Steppuhn Anke , Petschenka Georg 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSequestration, that is, the accumulation of plant toxins into body tissues for defense, was predicted to incur physiological costs and may require resistance traits different from those of non‐sequestering insects. Alternatively, sequestering species could experience a cost in the absence of toxins due to selection on physiological homeostasis under permanent exposure of sequestered toxins in body tissues. Milkweed bugs (Heteroptera: Lygaeinae) sequester high amounts of plant‐derived cardenolides. Although being potent inhibitors of the ubiquitous animal enzyme Na+/K+‐ATPase, milkweed bugs can tolerate cardenolides by means of resistant Na+/K+‐ATPases. Both adaptations, resistance and sequestration, are ancestral traits of the Lygaeinae. Using four milkweed bug species (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae: Lygaeinae) and the related European firebug (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae: Pyrrhocoris apterus) showing different combinations of the traits “cardenolide resistance” and “cardenolide sequestration,” we tested how the two traits affect larval growth upon exposure to dietary cardenolides in an artificial diet system. While cardenolides impaired the growth of P. apterus nymphs neither possessing a resistant Na+/K+‐ATPase nor sequestering cardenolides, growth was not affected in the non‐sequestering milkweed bug Arocatus longiceps, which possesses a resistant Na+/K+‐ATPase. Remarkably, cardenolides increased growth in the sequestering dietary specialists Caenocoris nerii and Oncopeltus fasciatus but not in the sequestering dietary generalist Spilostethus pandurus, which all possess a resistant Na+/K+‐ATPase. We furthermore assessed the effect of dietary cardenolides on additional life history parameters, including developmental speed, longevity of adults, and reproductive success in O. fasciatus. Unexpectedly, nymphs under cardenolide exposure developed substantially faster and lived longer as adults. However, fecundity of adults was reduced when maintained on cardenolide‐containing diet for their entire lifetime but not when adults were transferred to non‐toxic sunflower seeds. We speculate that the resistant Na+/K+‐ATPase of milkweed bugs is selected for working optimally in a “toxic environment,” that is, when sequestered cardenolides are stored in the body.
Number concentration and size distribution of soot aerosols of heptane fire at low pressures
Authors: Yang Shenlin , Pu Fang , Wang Zhen , Liu Zhaoqi , Li Manhou 
Published: December 2021

SummaryThe number concentration and size distribution of soot aerosols are imperative parameters in fire detection which is closely related to safety management, risk assessment, and fire analysis. The experiment of n‐heptane pool fire is conducted in a pressure chamber which simulates the 101, 90.9, 80.8, 70.7, 60.6, and 50.5 kPa environments. The influence of air pressure on the number concentration and size distribution of soot aerosols is investigated. The DMS500 fast particulate analyzer is used to analyze the number concentration and size distribution of gas samples. Both the geometric mean diameter and count median diameter of smoke particles increases with pressure. A second‐order polynomial equation with correlation coefficient of 0.99 is fitted to the geometric mean diameter of particles against pressure. The particle number concentration is significantly decreased when pressure is reduced according to a linear relationship with correlation coefficient of 0.92. The environmental pressure puts influence on the soot optical properties that affect fire smoke detection technologies used in the regions of different altitudes or air pressures.
The within‐ and between‐laboratories reproducibility and predictive capacity of Amino acid Derivative Reactivity Assay using 4 mM test chemical solution: Results of ring study implemented at five participating laboratories
Authors: Fujita Masaharu , Yamamoto Yusuke , Wanibuchi Sayaka , Watanabe Shinichi , Yamaga Hiroaki , Wakabayashi Koji , Tahara Yu , Horie Nobuyuki , Fujimoto Keiichi , Takeuchi Kazuya , Kamiya Kohei , Kawakami Tsuyoshi , Kojima Kohichi , Sozu Takashi , Kojima Hajime , Kasahara Toshihiko , Ono Atsushi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAmino acid derivative reactivity assay (ADRA) for skin sensitization was adopted as an alternative method in the 2019 OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals (OECD TG 442C). The molar ratio of the nucleophilic reagent to the test chemicals in the reaction solution was set to 1:50. Imamura et al. reported that changing this molar ratio from 1:50 to 1:200 reduced in false negatives and improved prediction accuracy. Hence, a ring study using ADRA with 4 mM of a test chemical solution (ADRA, 4 mM) was conducted at five different laboratories to verify within‐ and between‐laboratory reproducibilities (WLR and BLR, respectively). In this study, we investigated the WLR and BLR using 14 test chemicals grouped into three classes: (1) eight proficiency substances, (2) four test chemicals that showed false negatives in the ADRA with 1 mM test chemical solution (ADRA, 1 mM), but correctly positive in ADRA (4 mM), and (3) current positive control (phenylacetaldehyde) and a new additional positive control (squaric acid diethyl ester). The results showed 100% reproducibility and 100% accuracy for skin sensitization. Hence, it is clear that the ADRA (4 mM) is an excellent test method in contrast to the currently used ADRA (1 mM). We plan to resubmit the ADRA (4 mM) test method to the OECD Test Guideline Group in the near future so that OECD TG 442C could be revised for the convenience and benefit of many ADRA users.