bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Free Computer-Assisted Language Sample Analysis to Evaluate and Set Treatment Goals for Children Who Speak African American English
Authors: Overton Courtney , Baron Taylor , Pearson Barbara Zurer , Ratner Nan Bernstein 
Published: January 2021

Purpose
Spoken language sample analysis (LSA) is widely considered to be a critical component of assessment for child language disorders. It is our best window into a preschool child's everyday expressive communicative skills. However, historically, the process can be cumbersome, and reference values against which LSA findings can be “benchmarked” are based on surprisingly little data. Moreover, current LSA protocols potentially disadvantage speakers of nonmainstream English varieties, such as African American English (AAE), blurring the line between language difference and disorder.

Method

We provide a tutorial on the use of free software (Computerized Language Analysis [CLAN]) enabled by the ongoing National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders–funded “Child Language Assessment Project.” CLAN harnesses the advanced computational power of the Child Language Data Exchange System archive (
www.childes.talkbank.org
), with an aim to develop and test fine-grained and potentially language variety–sensitive benchmarks for a range of LSA measures. Using retrospective analysis of data from AAE-speaking children, we demonstrate how CLAN LSA can facilitate dialect-fair assessment and therapy goal setting.

Results
Using data originally collected to norm the Diagnostic Evaluation of Language Variation, we suggest that Developmental Sentence Scoring does not appear to bias against children who speak AAE but does identify children who have language impairment (LI). Other LSA measure scores were depressed in the group of AAE-speaking children with LI but did not consistently differentiate individual children as LI. Furthermore, CLAN software permits rapid, in-depth analysis using Developmental Sentence Scoring and the Index of Productive Syntax that can identify potential intervention targets for children with developmental language disorder.
African American English and Early Literacy: A Comparison of Approaches to Quantifying Nonmainstream Dialect Use
Authors: Maher Zachary K. , Erskine Michelle E. , Byrd Arynn S. , Harring Jeffrey R. , Edwards Jan R. 
Published: January 2021

PurposeMany studies have found a correlation between overall usage rates of nonmainstream forms and reading scores, but less is known about which dialect differences are most predictive. Here, we consider different methods of characterizing African American English use from existing assessments and examine which methods best predict literacy achievement.MethodKindergarten and first-grade students who speak African American English received two assessments of dialect use and two assessments of decoding at the beginning and end of the school year. Item-level analyses of the dialect-use assessments were used to compute measures of dialect usage: (a) an overall feature rate measure based on the Diagnostic Evaluation of Language Variation–Screening Test, (b) a subscore analysis of the Diagnostic Evaluation of Language Variation–Screening Test based on items that pattern together, (c) an alternative assessment where children repeat and translate sentences, and (d) “repertoire” measures based on a categorical distinction of whether a child used a particular feature of mainstream American English.ResultsModels using feature rate measures provided better data–model fit than those with repertoire measures, and baseline performance on a sentence repetition task was a positive predictor of reading score at the end of the school year. For phonological subscores, change from the beginning to end of the school year predicted reading at the end of the school year, whereas baseline scores were most predictive for grammatical subscores.ConclusionsThe addition of a sentence imitation task is useful for understanding a child's dialect and anticipating potential areas for support in early literacy. We observed some support for the idea that morphological dialect differences (i.e., irregular verb morphology) have a particularly close tie to later literacy, but future work will be necessary to confirm this finding.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13425968
Rare Vocabulary Production in School-Age Narrators From Low-Income Communities
Authors: Mahurin-Smith Jamie , Mills Monique T. , Chang Rong 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThis study was designed to assess the utility of a tool for automated analysis of rare vocabulary use in the spoken narratives of a group of school-age children from low-income communities.MethodWe evaluated personal and fictional narratives from 76 school-age children from low-income communities (Mage= 9;3 [years;months]). We analyzed children's use of rare vocabulary in their narratives, with the goal of evaluating relationships among rare vocabulary use, performance on standardized language tests, language sample measures, sex, and use of African American English.ResultsUse of rare vocabulary in school-age children is robustly correlated with established language sample measures. Male sex was also significantly associated with more frequent rare vocabulary use. There was no association between rare vocabulary use and use of African American English.DiscussionEvaluation of rare vocabulary use in school-age children may be a culturally fair assessment strategy that aligns well with existing language sample measures.
Print Knowledge in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Do Child and Family Variables Play a Role?
Authors: Dynia Jaclyn M. , Solari Emily J. 
Published: January 2021

Purpose
This study aimed to examine the print knowledge of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in comparison to children who have developmental language disorder (DLD) and typically developing (TD) children as well as examine the child and family predictors of print knowledge.

Method
A total of 629 preschool children, including 33 children with ASD, 93 children with DLD, and 503 TD children, were the focus of the current study. Teachers completed direct assessments with the children in the fall and spring of the academic year on print knowledge using the Phonological Awareness Literacy Screener.

Results
Analyses of covariance were used to compare the print knowledge skills (uppercase and lowercase letter identification, print and word awareness, name writing) in the fall and spring for each of the three groups. The groups were significantly different for the Print and Word Awareness and Name Writing subtests in both the fall and spring. A Tukey's honestly significant difference further indicated that, for these subtests, the children with ASD had significantly lower scores than both the children with DLD and TD children. When examining the child and family predictors of residualized gain in print knowledge for the children with ASD, the only significant predictor for any outcome was fall scores. When examining the predictors for the full sample, fall scores, age, ASD status, and mothers' education level were significant predictors of print and word awareness and name writing scores.

Conclusions
None of the child and family characteristics seemed to be related to residualized gain in print knowledge for children with ASD. However, when examining predictors of residualized gain in print knowledge for the full sample, ASD status was related to lower scores for both print and word awareness and name writing.
Building Comprehension Skills of Young Children With Autism One Storybook at a Time
Authors: Fleury Veronica P. , Whalon Kelly , Gilmore Carolyn , Wang Xiaoning , Marks Richard 
Published: January 2021

PurposeReading involves the ability to decode and draw meaning from printed text. Reading skill profiles vary widely among learners with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). One fairly common pattern is relative strength in decoding combined with weak comprehension skills—indicators of this profile emerge as early as the preschool years. In order for children with ASD to develop a facility with language that prepares them for reading success, practitioners must intentionally create and provide appropriate instruction practices.MethodIn this tutorial, we describe ways in which practitioners can support language development and comprehension skills for children with ASD within the context of shared reading activities. We begin by providing known information about the reading performance of children with ASD using the Simple View of Reading as our guiding conceptual framework. Next, we present a number of practical, evidence-based strategies that educators can implement within the context of shared book reading activities. Case studies are embedded throughout the tutorial to demonstrate how practitioners may apply these strategies in their instructional settings.ConclusionsShared book reading interventions are a well-studied, developmentally appropriate approach for bringing about change in language and literacy in early childhood. The success of shared reading depends upon rich communication and interaction between the adult reader and the child. Many children with ASD will require strategies to support social communication and emergent literacy skill development (e.g., vocabulary knowledge, language comprehension) that are specifically linked to future reading comprehension.
Real‐time and dynamic time transfer method based on double‐differenced real‐time kinematic mode
Authors: Tu Rui , Zhang Pengfei , Zhang Rui , Fan Lihong , Han Junqiang , Hong Ju , Liu Jinhai , Lu Xiaochun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this study, a real‐time and dynamic time transfer method based on double‐differenced (DD) real‐time kinematic (RTK) mode is proposed. First, the method forms the DD observations of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) to fix the DD ambiguity, and then, all of the fixed single‐differenced (SD) ambiguities are recovered while defining the SD ambiguity datum; finally, the method uses the SD observations to realise the time transfer by using the fixed SD ambiguities. Five different baseline links were used for the validations. The results demonstrated that the DD‐RTK method can be used for both kinematic positioning and precise time transfers, and it provides for much better accuracy and stability than the un‐differenced precise point positioning method because it is operated by the broadcast ephemeris, which is more convenient for real‐time applications.
Searching for solar-like oscillations in pre-main sequence stars using APOLLO
Authors: Müllner M. , Zwintz K. , Corsaro E. , Steindl T. , Potravnov I. , Guenther E. W. , Kniazev A. , Gvaramadze V. 
Published: January 2021

Context. In recent years, our understanding of solar-like oscillations from main sequence to red giant stars has improved dramatically thanks to pristine data collected from space telescopes. One of the remaining open questions focuses on the observational identification of solar-like oscillations in pre-main sequence stars.
Aims. We aim to develop an improved method to search for solar-like oscillations in pre-main sequence stars and apply it to data collected by the Kepler K2 mission.
Methods. Our software APOLLO includes a novel way to detect low signal-to-noise ratio solar-like oscillations in the presence of a high background level.
Results. By calibrating our method using known solar-like oscillators from the main Kepler mission, we apply it to T Tauri stars observed by Kepler K2 and identify several candidate pre-main sequence solar-like oscillators.
Conclusions. We find that our method is robust even when applied to time-series of observational lengths as short as those obtained with the TESS satellite in one sector. We identify EPIC 205375290 as a possible candidate for solar-like oscillations in a pre-main sequence star with νmax ≃ 242 μHz. We also derive its fundamental parameters to be Teff = 3670 ± 180 K, log g = 3.85 ± 0.3, v sin i = 8 ± 1 km s−1, and about solar metallicity from a high-resolution spectrum obtained from the Keck archive.
Anomalous Origin of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery in an Adult
Authors: Shibagaki Keisuke , Shiiku Chikara , Kamiya Hiroyuki , Kikuchi Yoichi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAn anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital heart disease. Among the variants, an anomalous origin of the left anterior descending coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALADPA) is extremely rare. Here, we report a case of ALADPA in an adult that was treated with coronary artery bypass grafting using the left internal thoracic artery.
Make Cardiac Surgery Great again: The Perks of Being a Resident
Authors: Van Hemelrijck Mathias 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTraining in cardiac surgery is a cumbersome topic. Over the last years, major cardiac surgical operations have been found to decrease due to the increasing number in transcatheter interventions. Becoming a cardiac surgeon has become partly a hard task. Since the beginning of 2020, the new coronavirus epidemic has been shaking peoples' lives all over the world, hindering every normal hospital activity including residency programs.
Surface boulder banding indicates Martian debris-covered glaciers formed over multiple glaciations
Authors: Levy Joseph S. , Fassett Caleb I. , Holt John W. , Parsons Reid , Cipolli Will , Goudge Timothy A. , Tebolt Michelle , Kuentz Lily , Johnson Jessica , Ishraque Fairuz , Cvijanovich Bronson , Armstrong Ian 
Published: January 2021

Significance
Significant debate exists whether the global population of Martian debris-covered glacier deposits formed continuously over the past 300 to 800 Ma, or whether they formed during punctuated episodes of ice accumulation during obliquity maxima (lasting ∼10–100 ka). We show that, like ancient debris-covered glaciers on Earth, boulder banding on Martian glacial deposits indicates multiple episodes of ice accumulation and advance. In our analysis, glacial periods are followed by ice removal from the glacier accumulation zone, forming debris bands. We report a median of five to six glacial/interglacial transitions recorded on Martian debris-covered glaciers, suggesting the cadence of glaciation on Mars is set by orbital forcing over tens to hundreds of Ma, not individual ∼120 ka obliquity cycles.
Experienced well-being rises with income, even above $75,000 per year
Authors: Killingsworth Matthew A. 
Published: January 2021

Significance
Past research has found that experienced well-being does not increase above incomes of $75,000/y. This finding has been the focus of substantial attention from researchers and the general public, yet is based on a dataset with a measure of experienced well-being that may or may not be indicative of actual emotional experience (retrospective, dichotomous reports). Here, over one million real-time reports of experienced well-being from a large US sample show evidence that experienced well-being rises linearly with log income, with an equally steep slope above $80,000 as below it. This suggests that higher incomes may still have potential to improve people’s day-to-day well-being, rather than having already reached a plateau for many people in wealthy countries.
Dynamics of soliton and mixed lump-soliton waves to a generalized Bogoyavlensky-Konopelchenko equation
Authors: Ismael Hajar F , Ma Wen-Xiu , Bulut Hasan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We study dynamics of soliton waves, lump solutions and interaction solutions to a (2+1)-dimensional generalized Bogoyavlensky-Konopelchenko equation, which possesses a Hirota bilinear form. Multi-soliton solutions, one-M-lump solutions, and physical interactions between solitons and 1-M-lump solutions are presented. By using a positive quadratic function, lump solutions and their interaction solutions with kink and solitary waves are also generated. To show dynamical properties and physical behaviors of the resulting solutions, 3D-plots and contour plots at different times are made and analyzed.
From modeling of political opinion formation to two-spin statistical physics model
Authors: Sznajd Jozef 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A two-spin system based on the idea used to formulate the dynamical model simulating the process of opinion spreading in a society, where people adopt one of the four social attitudes (2005 Physica A
351 593) is studied. The model is made of chains with two species of spins S and V at each site coupled by an insite interaction

M

̃

0

and interacting in different way with nearest (NN) and next-nearest (NNN) neighbors. The one-dimensional model with only NN interaction of the S spins and both NN and NNN interactions of the V spins (ACLS model) is analyzed. Using the linear renormalization group (LRG) the dependences of the specific heat and correlation functions on temperature and

M

̃

0

are calculated. The roles of the insite and NNN interactions are considered. The usefulness of the ACLS model to define stable states of the dynamical model describing opinion spreading in a society, which members represent four different attitudes to the level of freedom in two areas: personal and economic is discussed. It is pointed out that the difficulties in organizing modern societies can result from an internal conflict between these two areas.
Quantum phenomena in nanostructures
Authors: Dev B N 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Quantum phenomena in nanostructures, especially epitaxial structures, are utilized for the fabrication of quantum devices. Here we discuss self organized growth of epitaxial quantum structures on silicon and their electronic structures, such as electronic density of states, and electronic transport in such systems. We discuss nanodots and nanowires, or an equivalent of zero-dimensional (0D) and one-dimensional (1D) structures in more details, and in general structures in all dimensional cross-over regimes. Further arrangements of quantum dots (QDs) in particular structures offers to form quantum bits and quantum dot molecules (QDMs). This could lead to exploration of new physics and new quantum devices.
Effect of sintering temperature on structural and magnetic properties of Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 ferrite: synthesized from nanocrystalline powders
Authors: Ali M A , Uddin M M , Khan M N I , Chowdhury F-U-Z , Saha D K , Hoque S M , Liba S I , Akhter S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The effect of sintering temperatures (Ts
) on the structural and magnetic properties of Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4(NZFO) ferrites synthesized by conventional double sintering method has been reported. The samples are sintered at 1200, 1250 and 1300 °C. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals the formation of a single phase cubic spinel structure of the sample. The magnetic parameters such as saturation magnetization, Ms
; coercive field, Hc
; remanent magnetization, Mr
and Bohr magneton, µ
B
are determined and compared with reported values. The obtained values are found to be 71.94 emu/gm and 1.2 Oe for Ms
and Hc
, respectively at Ts
= 1300°C sample. Curie temperature (Tc
) for various Ts
has also been calculated. It is noteworthy that the sample with a very low Hc
could be used in transformer core and inductor applications.
A circular microstrip patch antenna to operate in dual band for wireless communications
Authors: Hossain Sheikh Dobir , Abdus Sobahan K M , Al-Amin Md 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A dual band circular micro-strip patch antenna is designed and simulated to obtain electronic circuit miniaturization of an antenna in high speed wireless local area networks (IEEE 802.11a standard). The proposed antenna contains a substrate layer (FR-4 lossy) with a dielectric constant of 4.9 and there is a circular patch on the upper layer of the substrate. The coaxial probe feed is used to excite the desired antenna which reduces the spurious radiation and hence obtained good efficiency. Also the cavity model is used for larger bandwidth while maintaining the lower size of the antenna. An ‘E’ shaped slot is introduced in the radiating patch to obtain dual band resonance frequency with maximum current distribution on the surface. Finally the simulated results using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio 2009 in this design are compared with manual computation results and are found to be suitable for WLAN applications.
Quantum magneto transport properties of nanostructure multi quantum wells short wave Infrared detectors
Authors: Benaadad Merieme , Nafidi Abdelhakim , Melkoud Samir , Barkissy Driss , Benchtaber Nassima 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we investigated the band structure and quantum magneto transport properties of the In0.53Ga0.47As(d1=100Å)/InP(d2=70Å) type I multi quantum wells (MQWs) at low temperature. These studies were based on the envelope function and effective mass formalisms. We calculated the effect of d1, d2, the band valence offset and temperature on the band gap and the cut-off wavelength of detection. The result of the computed density of states and the position of Fermi level indicate that this sample is quasi two-dimensional system with n-type conductivity. The calculated evolution of the cutoff wavelength with temperature predicts this MQWs can be used as a short-infrared detector. Furthermore, we interpreted theoretically the photoluminescence, the Shubnikov de Haas (SdH) and quantum Hall effects observed by Pusep et al.
A new unsupervised learning-based process for extraction of knowledge’s and improving anomalies detection
Authors: Lasbahani A. , Taoussi C. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Lately, the world confronts day by day the birth of typically big data in various fields such as health, telecom, electronic sales, communication, service provision, industry, e-learning and e-commerce. This emergence was a brick and a major reason behind the realization of immense changes in the processes of manipulation and processing of data as the system of storage, processing, analysis and visualization of data. From an application point of view, the manipulation of such data requires the implication of certain numbers of usage standards such as those related to security, credibility and optimization of data. However, it seems so difficult to ensure the security of massive and gigantic data coming from a variety of sources, and especially in real time, because there is an almost total absence of methodologies ensuring the processing and protection of a volume of data automatically. In fact, our work takes stock of a new process allowing the secure handling of big data. This is about getting more out of machine learning, security patterns and decision trees. More specifically, our approach aims to design machines able of securing large data in real time while making them learn from a mapping of security patterns (learning data). This training will allow machines to develop in terms of security, which will allow them to improve their intelligence related to the detection of anomalies caused in the data during the data exploitation operation.
Non-smooth classification model based on new smoothing technique
Authors: Lyaqini S. , Nachaoui M. , Quafafou M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This work describes a framework for solving support vector machine with kernel (SVMK). Recently, it has been proved that the use of non-smooth loss function for supervised learning problem gives more efficient results [1]. This gives the idea of solving the SVMK problem based on hinge loss function. However, the hinge loss function is non-differentiable (we can’t use the standard optimization methods to minimize the empirical risk). To overcome this difficulty, a special smoothing technique for the hinge loss is proposed. Thus, the obtained smooth problem combined with Tikhonov regularization is solved using a stochastic gradient descent method. Finally, some numerical experiments on academic and real-life datasets are presented to show the efficiency of the proposed approach.