bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct genomic profile in h. pylori‐associated gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Xiaochen , Liu Fang , Bao Hua , Wang Ao , Han Ming , Wu Xue , Gu Yanhong , Zheng Leizhen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGastric cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancer types. Currently, four subtypes have been identified with unique molecular alterations: Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐positive, microsatellite instability (MSI), chromosomal instability (CIN), and genomic stable (GS) tumors. Notably, many gastric tumors are associated with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori but the genomic landscape of this subgroup of tumors remains largely unknown. Targeted sequencing covering 425 genes was performed retrospectively on 1703 gastric tumor tissues and matched normal blood samples. Nonsynonymous mutations, copy‐number variation (CNV), and MSI status were called from human DNA reads; nonhuman DNA reads were mapped to NCBI microbial reference genome using Kraken and significant species were identified. Overall, 37 (2.76%) from a total of 1703 samples were EBV‐positive, 200 (11.74%) samples were H. pylori‐positive, and 10 samples were positive for both. Among the rest, 59 (3.46%) samples were MSI, 380 (22.31%) were CIN, and 1017 (59.72%) were GS. Most of the 200 H. pylori‐positive samples tend to be genome stable (85.5%, p < 0.001) and microsatellite stable (95%, p = 0.04). Compared to 1017 GS tumors, mutations in AKT3, EPAS1, MLH1, and BKT and amplifications of NFE2L2, TERC, MCL1, and TOP1 were significantly enriched in H. pylori‐positive tumors. And compared to EBV‐positive tumors, mutations in PIK3CA, ARID1A, and PTEN were significantly depleted in H. pylori‐positive subtype while TP53 mutations were enriched. This study characterized the unique genomic landscape of H. pylori‐positive gastric tumors using targeted panel sequencing. The successful identification of DNA reads from infectious agents in tumor samples indicates that deep sequencing is a promising way to uncover characteristics of microbial environment in tumors.
Optical imaging of surface strain distribution up to 1500°C: Development of micro‐speckle pattern
Authors: Arai Yutaro , Inoue Ryo , Kakisawa Hideki 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMicro‐speckle patterns were fabricated using α‐Al2O3 and SiC micro‐particles for in‐plane strain distribution measurement at temperatures up to 1500°C using an ultraviolet high‐temperature observation system (UV‐HTOS) combined with a digital image correlation (DIC) technique. The experimental results showed that the measured mean surface strains of α‐Al2O3 were in good agreement with the calculated values obtained from thermal expansion coefficient and temperature difference. The proposed speckle pattern could be used for strain distribution measurement without degradation even after heating up to 1500°C. The results also demonstrated that the pattern fabricated in this study is effective to understand the heterogeneous deformation mechanism in composite materials applied in high‐temperature structural components.
Software‐guided Microfluidic Reaction Calorimeter Based on Thermoelectric Modules
Authors: Frede Timothy Aljoscha , Burke Inga , Kockmann Norbert 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA software‐guided, continuous reaction calorimeter based on thermoelectric modules for direct heat flux measurements is presented. Sensors and actuators of the calorimeter's setup are implemented within a lab automation system, which enables the automated calibration of the heat flux sensors and investigations of chemical reactions through sequential function charts. Functionality of the calibration is shown by heat transfer experiments. Additionally, the calorimeter's performance is demonstrated by good agreement of conducted neutralization experiments with literature data.
Efficient extraction and theoretical insights for separating o‐, m‐, and p‐cresol from model coal tar by an ionic liquid [Emim][DCA]
Authors: Li Ao , Zhu Chen , Zhang Lianzheng , Ma Yixin , Xu Dongmei , Gao Jun , Wang Yinglong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCresols are valuable phenolic chemicals which are mainly separated from coal tar. The separation of cresols using sustainable technology is of importance for comprehensive utilization of coal tar. In this work, for extracting o‐, m‐, and p‐cresol from the model coal tar, an ionic liquid 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([Emim][DCA]) was prepared. The influence of ionic liquid dosage, extraction time, and temperature on separating o‐, m‐, and p‐cresol was explored. The extraction efficiency was determined from the experimental results to assess the extraction ability of [Emim][DCA]. With the optimal conditions, o‐, m‐, and p‐cresol were extracted efficiently from the model coal tar and the extraction efficiencies of o‐cresol, m‐cresol, and p‐cresol were up to 99.50%, 99.65%, 98.38%, respectively. In the meantime, the extraction mechanism was determined by calculation of σ‐profile, interaction energy, and electron density. The results showed that [Emim][DCA] and cresols formed the complexes by hydrogen bond. The formation of hydrogen bond was verified by the FTIR spectra, which is helpful for designing the related ionic liquids for recovering the phenolic compounds from coal tar. In addition, the recyclability of the [Emim][DCA] was explored.
New Platinum(II) Complexes Affecting Different Biomolecular Targets in Resistant Ovarian Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Hyeraci Mariafrancesca , Scalcon Valeria , Folda Alessandra , Labella Luca , Marchetti Fabio , Samaritani Simona , Rigobello Maria Pia , Dalla Via Lisa 
Published: March 2021

AbstractResistance to platinum‐based anticancer drugs represents an important limit for their clinical effectiveness and one of the most important field of investigation in the context of platinum compounds. From our previous studies, PtII complexes containing the triphenylphosphino moiety have been emerging as promising agents, showing significant cytotoxicity to resistant ovarian carcinoma cells. Two brominated triphenylphosphino trans‐platinum derivatives were prepared and evaluated on human tumor cell lines, sensitive and resistant to cisplatin. The new complexes exert a notable antiproliferative effect on resistant ovarian carcinoma cells, showing a remarkable intracellular accumulation and the ability to interact with different intracellular targets. The interaction with DNA, the collapse of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and the impairment of intracellular redox state were demonstrated. Moreover, a selectivity towards the selenocysteine of thioredoxin reductase was observed. The mechanism of action is discussed with regard to the resistance phenomenon in ovarian carcinoma cells.
SPASC: Strategy‐proof auction mechanism with cost and QoS incentive for service composition
Authors: Xia Yao , Huang Zhiqiu , Zhang Yonglong , Yuan Min , Wang Shangguang , Zhou Yu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn cloud computing, service composition provides an appealing paradigm to compose existing single services into a powerful workflow. The critical issues in service composition is that service providers may lie about the service's cost and QoS for more profits. However, existing studies only address the issue of services' untruthful cost, none of the studies consider both the issue of untruthful cost and untruthful QoS. Thus, it is necessary to design an incentive mechanism to motivate service providers to offer services with the truthful cost and truthful QoS. To address the above challenging issues, we propose the strategy‐proof auction mechanism for service composition (SPASC), which can determine the winners and dynamically calculate the price of services. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to design an incentive mechanism to motivate service providers to offer services with the truthful cost and truthful QoS in this field. Furthermore, we propose an auction algorithm to implement the SPASC. Both theoretical proof and the extensively experimental results validate that SPASC achieves the truthfulness and individual rationality. At the same time, the experimental results also prove that this mechanism can motivate service providers to offer services with the truthful cost and truthful QoS.
Toward Continuous‐Flow Hyperpolarisation of Metabolites via Heterogenous Catalysis, Side‐Arm‐Hydrogenation, and Membrane Dissolution of Parahydrogen
Authors: Hale William G. , Zhao Tommy Y. , Choi Diana , Ferrer Maria‐Jose , Song Bochuan , Zhao Hanqin , Hagelin‐Weaver Helena E , Bowers Clifford R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSide‐arm hydrogenation (SAH) by homogeneous catalysis has extended the reach of the parahydrogen enhanced NMR technique to key metabolites such as pyruvate. However, homogeneous hydrogenation requires rapid separation of the dissolved catalyst and purification of the hyperpolarised species with a purity sufficient for safe in‐vivo use. An alternate approach is to employ heterogeneous hydrogenation in a continuous‐flow reactor, where separation from the solid catalysts is straightforward. Using a TiO2‐nanorod supported Rh catalyst, we demonstrate continuous‐flow parahydrogen enhanced NMR by heterogeneous hydrogenation of a model SAH precursor, propargyl acetate, at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. Parahydrogen gas was introduced into the flowing solution phase using a novel tube‐in‐tube membrane dissolution device. Without much optimization, proton NMR signal enhancements of up to 297 (relative to the thermal equilibrium signals) at 9.4 Tesla were shown to be feasible on allyl‐acetate at a continuous total yield of 33 %. The results are compared to those obtained with the standard batch‐mode technique of parahydrogen bubbling through a suspension of the same catalyst.
Carbon Quantum Dots Promote Coupled Valence Engineering of V2O5 Nanobelts for High‐Performance Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Jingrui , Wei Shuxian , Wang Haowei , Liu Huanhuan , Zhang Yi , Liu Siyuan , Wang Zhaojie , Lu Xiaoqing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAqueous Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have acquired the researchers’ curiosity owing to their harmlessness, cost effectiveness and high theoretical capacity of Zn anode. However, desirable cathode materials with high‐capacity and high‐rate are still scarce. In this work, the formation of carbon quantum dots induced vanadium pentoxide nanobelts was demonstrated via a facile one‐step hydrothermal method for ZIBs. It exhibited an excellent Zn ion storage capacity of 460 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, superior rate capability and stable cycling performance (above 85 % capacity retention over 1500 cycles at 4 A g−1). The electrochemical kinetics and zinc ion storage mechanism were also considered. An efficient architecture‐coupled valence engineering in the hybrid cathode was proposed to improve the electric conductivity, Zn ion diffusion rate, and cycling stability for ZIBs. This work may be a great motivation for further research on V2O5 or other vanadium‐based materials for high‐performance ZIBs.
RF power amplifier design using microstrip ring resonator based on image parameter method
Authors: Golestanifar Alireza , Karimi Gholamreza 
Published: March 2021

SummaryIn this paper, an RF power amplifier (PA) using a microstrip ring resonator (MRR) structure based on the image parameter method is proposed. The MRR structures are utilized as decoupling circuits at the DC supply of the active device. The design process is quite easy and applicable for microwave and RF PA design. To reach exact data for matching network design, load‐pull technique is applied. The proposed PA is designed and optimized at the frequency range of 2.3 to 2.6 GHz, proper for Wi‐Fi applications. For a source power of 10 dBm, the obtained power gain, efficiency, and dissipated power (Pdiss) are 12.3 dB, 63.6%, and 266 mW, respectively. Also, power added efficiency (PAE) for an input power of 10 dBm is 57%. The proposed PA is fabricated and measured, showing good conformity between the simulation and experimental results.
Landscape and dynamics of single tumor and immune cells in early and advanced‐stage lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Zhencong , Huang Yiwei , Hu Zhengyang , Zhao Mengnan , Li Ming , Bi Guoshu , Zheng Yuansheng , Liang Jiaqi , Lu Tao , Jiang Wei , Xu Songtao , Zhan Cheng , Xi Junjie , Wang Qun , Tan Lijie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients with different American Joint Committee on Cancer stages have different overall 5‐year survival rates. The tumor microenvironment (TME) and intra‐tumor heterogeneity (ITH) have been shown to play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of tumors. However, the TME and ITH in different lesions of LUAD have not been extensively explored.MethodsWe present a 204,157‐cell catalog of the TME transcriptome in 29 lung samples to systematically explore the TME and ITH in the different stages of LUAD. Traditional RNA sequencing data and complete clinical information were downloaded from publicly available databases.ResultsBased on these high‐quality cells, we constructed a single‐cell network underlying cellular and molecular features of normal lung, early LUAD, and advanced LUAD cells. In contrast with early malignant cells, we noticed that advanced malignant cells had a remarkably more complex TME and higher ITH level. We also found that compared with other immune cells, more differences in CD8+/CTL T cells, regulatory T cells, and follicular B cells were evident between early and advanced LUAD. Additionally, cell‐cell communication analyses, revealed great diversity between different lesions of LUAD at the single‐cell level. Flow cytometry and qRT‐PCR were used to validate our results.ConclusionOur results revealed the cellular diversity and molecular complexity of cell lineages in different stages of LUAD. We believe our research, which serves as a basic framework and valuable resource, can facilitate exploration of the pathogenesis of LUAD and identify novel therapeutic targets in the future.
Ion velocity shear‐induced drift wave and momentum transport in non‐Maxwellian magnetoplasma flows
Authors: Khan S.A. , Ikram M. , Ayub M.K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe have investigated the diamagnetic flow in a non‐uniform partially ionized plasma with non‐Maxwellian electron population to explain the dynamics of ion velocity shear‐induced low‐frequency drift mode and associated instabilities. The dispersion relations are found, and instability threshold conditions are pointed out along with ion‐parallel momentum transport due to drift motion with relative phase shift of fluctuating quantities in a non‐conservative system. The real frequencies and instability growth rates are studied numerically and illustrated for typical space and laboratory plasmas. This study should be useful in understanding some aspects of low‐frequency time‐delayed perturbations with sheared flow leading to drift instabilities and cross‐field parallel ion momentum transport in nonuniform magnetoplasmas containing a non‐Maxwellian electron population.
Multipath transport control protocol for 5G mobile augmented reality networks
Authors: Khan Tariq , Sohail Adnan , Qureshi Kashif Naseer , Iqbal Saleem , Jeon Gwanggil 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThe performance of backhaul networks is the major concern for internet service providers, cloud service providers, and data centers for redundancy and reliability. With the integration of new data communication technologies, the system should be more smart and intelligent to handle data traffic coming from new networks like 5G. This new 5G standard provides connectivity among devices where all the traffic is handled by backbone and backhaul networks. The devices and nodes need multiple interfaces, but the TCP/IP standard uses a single path per connection for data communication. This limitation leads to the degradation of network performance and communication failures. There is a need to enhance data throughput and performance by using available paths and interfaces. Multipath Transport Control Protocol (MTCP) is one of the advanced extension of the TCP/IP standard for using available interfaces. This paper proposed an MTCP based infrastructure for 5G networks to handle all the coming data from these networks and provide fast reliable data handling. The proposed infrastructure is evaluated in simulation to check its performance with existing standards. The results indicate that the proposed infrastructure is minimizing the convergence time in case of any failure in the main path.
Understanding the relationship between sexual harassment and eating disorder psychopathology: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hayes Samantha , Linardon Jake , Kim Christina , Mitchison Deborah 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe experience of sexual harassment (SH) may exacerbate the drive toward an ideal and often unattainable physical appearance, creating the foundation of unhealthy eating, and greater shape and weight concerns. This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on the relationship between SH and eating disorder psychopathology, as well as mediating and moderating factors that contribute to this relationship.MethodSix key databases were searched from inception to August 2020; including CINAHL, PsycInfo, PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science.ResultsOverall, 15 studies meeting inclusion criteria were found, with 14 reporting a statistically significant relationship between SH and eating disorder psychopathology. A meta‐analysis with 12 cross‐sectional studies confirmed a small but significant effect for this concurrent association. Moderators of this relationship included gender, posttraumatic stress, and anxiety. No studies in this review conducted true mediation.DiscussionConclusions about causal and mediating relationship between SH and eating disorder psychopathology are constrained by the preponderance of cross‐sectional design (14 of the 15 studies). Therefore, it is recommended that future studies focus on the use of longitudinal design, and also on adolescent populations, where first experiences of SH are usually reported, and which is also the peak age of onset for eating disorders.
Effects of stress on chewing and food intake in patients with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Schmalbach Ileana , Herhaus Benedict , Pässler Sebastian , Schmalbach Bjarne , Berth Hendrik , Petrowski Katja 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe present study investigates the impact of psychosocial stress on chewing and eating behavior in patients with anorexia nervosa (PAN).MethodThe eating and chewing behavior of PAN were examined in a standardized setting by means of a chewing sensor. These procedures encompassed n = 19 PAN, age, and gender matched to n = 19 healthy controls (HC). Food intake and chewing frequency were assessed in two experimental conditions: rest versus stress (via Trier Social Stress Test). To verify stress induction, two appraisal scales were employed. In addition, chronic stress, psychological distress and eating disorder symptoms were assessed.ResultsIn terms of food intake and chewing frequency, the results of the 2x2 ANOVA demonstrated a significant effect of condition and group. During stress, all participants demonstrated a higher chewing frequency and a decreased ingestion. In general, patients ate less at a lower chewing frequency (vs. HC). However, sample specific analyses demonstrated that the eating and chewing behavior of PAN remained unchanged regardless of the condition, except for their drinking. Food choices were comparable between the groups, but appetite values significantly differed.DiscussionThe increase in chewing frequency in all participants during stress suggests that chewing might impact affect regulation, however, not specifically in PAN. Future research should clarify to what extent the normalization of chewing behavior could ameliorate ED‐symptoms (incl. food intake) in PAN. The application of a chewing sensor could support this aim and future interventions.
Trait means or variance—What determines plant species' local and regional occurrence in fragmented dry grasslands?
Authors: Bergholz Kolja , Kober Klarissa , Jeltsch Florian , Schmidt Kristina , Weiss Lina 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOne of the few laws in ecology is that communities consist of few common and many rare taxa. Functional traits may help to identify the underlying mechanisms of this community pattern, since they correlate with different niche dimensions. However, comprehensive studies are missing that investigate the effects of species mean traits (niche position) and intraspecific trait variability (ITV, niche width) on species abundance. In this study, we investigated fragmented dry grasslands to reveal trait‐occurrence relationships in plants at local and regional scales. We predicted that (a) at the local scale, species occurrence is highest for species with intermediate traits, (b) at the regional scale, habitat specialists have a lower species occurrence than generalists, and thus, traits associated with stress‐tolerance have a negative effect on species occurrence, and (c) ITV increases species occurrence irrespective of the scale. We measured three plant functional traits (SLA = specific leaf area, LDMC = leaf dry matter content, plant height) at 21 local dry grassland communities (10 m × 10 m) and analyzed the effect of these traits and their variation on species occurrence. At the local scale, mean LDMC had a positive effect on species occurrence, indicating that stress‐tolerant species are the most abundant rather than species with intermediate traits (hypothesis 1). We found limited support for lower specialist occurrence at the regional scale (hypothesis 2). Further, ITV of LDMC and plant height had a positive effect on local occurrence supporting hypothesis 3. In contrast, at the regional scale, plants with a higher ITV of plant height were less frequent. We found no evidence that the consideration of phylogenetic relationships in our analyses influenced our findings. In conclusion, both species mean traits (in particular LDMC) and ITV were differently related to species occurrence with respect to spatial scale. Therefore, our study underlines the strong scale‐dependency of trait‐abundance relationships.