bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth response of four accessions of Moringa oleifera Linn shoots cultured on various basic media
Authors: Rudiyanto  , Purwito A , Efendi D , Ermayanti T M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Moringa (Moringa oleifera Linn) has a highly considerable nutritional value. The conventional propagation of Moringa has limitation. Propagation through tissue culture offers uniform transplants, and free of pests and diseases. Selection of basic medium is a critical point to find out the best medium compositions for micropropagation. The research was aimed to investigate growth response of M. oleifera shoots cultured on several basic media. The experimental design was factorial complete random design with two factors i.e. types of basic medium (MS, WPM, DKW, NN, and B5) in combination with accessions of M. oleifera: Bogor, Pekalongan, Bima and Blora. Each treatment consisted of 12 replicates. The growth variables observed were shoot height, number of shoots, number of petioles, number of roots, fresh weight, dry weight of plantlets, and plantlet performance. The growth observation was carried out every week. The results showed that type of basic medium significantly affected shoot height, number of petioles, fresh weight, dry weight, and number of shoots, but, it did not significantly affect the number of roots. The accessions significantly affected shoot height, number of petioles, number of roots, fresh weight, and dry weight, but, did not significantly affect number of shoots. The ANOVA showed an interaction between basic medium in combination with accessions on all growth variables observed. The highest shoot height (13,97 cm), number of petioles (12,33), and number of roots (8.33) were achieved on DKW basic medium on Bima and Pekalongan accessions, while the highest number of shoots (6.33) was found in NN medium.
Molecular identification of Uncaria gambir [Hunter] Roxb. through DNA barcoding
Authors: Wardi E S , Syukur S , Chaidir Z , Jamsari J , Verawati  , Mukti S K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Gambir [Uncaria gambir [Hunter] Roxb.] is an important source of traditional medicinal from West Sumatera. Different types of this plant give different catechin content as one of the active compounds. The identification of the correct species and types are important for quality control of medicinal materials. The internal transcribed spacer [ITS] of nuclear ribosomal DNA is one of the most commonly used DNA markers in plant phylogenetic and DNA barcoding analyses, and it has been recommended as a core plant DNA barcode. Four types of gambir [Riau Gadang, Mancik, Cubadak, and Udang] and ITS barcode named ITS4 and ITS5 were used in this study. This barcode gives 100% amplification efficiency and length of products 592-690 bp. variation sites detected for gambir Cubadak and gambir Riau Gadang. The results are able to discriminate 2 types in Uncaria gambir [Hunter] Roxb. Species which are essential for the investigation of adulterants and misidentifications of gambir.
Culture medium optimization for Indole-3-Acetic Acid production by Serratia plymuthica UBCF_13
Authors: Yusfi L A , Tjong D H , Chaniago I , Jamsari J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Serratia plymuthica UBCF_13 is one of the bacteria that can increase plant growth [plant growth-promoting bacteria] by producing IAA [Indole-3-Acetic Acid]. S. plymuthica UBCF_13 is a strain of Andalas University Biotechnology Laboratory Collection which can produce IAA and increase the growth of Solanaceae plants. Optimization of culture media needs to be analyzed to increase IAA production on UBCF_13. Optimization can be done by adding tryptophan as a precursor, using various types of media, adding wall affecting agents, and certain metal ions. In this study, optimization was carried out by testing the type of media [TSB, NB, YM, and King’s B], adding tryptophan [0, 100, 200, 300 μg/mL], differences in pH [5, 6, 7, 8], giving wall affecting agent [SDS 0.1 μg / mL, EDTA 0.1 μg/mL], and metal ions [Ca, Fe, K, Mg at a concentration of 0.05% and 0.1%]. The highest IAA production was obtained in the combination treatment of YM media and tryptophan 300 μg/mL. Meanwhile, the treatment of differences in pH and wall affecting agents did not have a significant effect on the increase in the production of IAA UBCF_13. Testing of metal types on IAA production showed that calcium was able to increase the production of IAA UBCF_13 by 12-14 μg/mL. Serratia plymuthica UBCF_13 produced the highest IAA on YM media combined with the addition of 300 μg/mL of tryptophan and 0.1% calcium ion.
Antifungal abilities of Serratia plymuthica UBCF_13 produced in different types of media and culture time
Authors: Darmawan F , Fatiah R , Jamsari J 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSerratia plymuthicastrain UBCF_13 is a potential biocontrol agent to inhibit pathogen causing anthracnose disease in plants,Colletotrichum gloesporioedes. The production of bacterial antifungal compounds is affected by nutrition and the growth phase of bacteria. This study is aimed to determine the optimal medium and duration of culture for the production of antifungal compounds. This study used three types of liquid media culture for UBCF_13 [King’s B, Potato Dextrose, andtryptic Soy] and six variations in duration culture [8, 16, 24, 32, 40, and 48 hours]. Extracellular that has been produced was used for antifungal activity assay againstC. gloeosporioides. The results showed that the extracellular produced in the PDB with 48 hours culture duration could inhibit 18%.C. gloeosporioidesgrowth. Different nutritional compositions for UBCF_13 cultures show affect the metabolism and compound produced as well. This was indicated by differences in protein profiles of the intracellular and extracellular. Further studies are necessary to be carried out, particularly to see the mechanism of the nutrient medium that could affect the metabolism of UBCF_13 in the synthesis of antifungal compounds.
The Culture Medium Optimization of Serratia plymuthica UBCF_13 To Produce Antifungal Compounds
Authors: Apridiana I , Aisyah S N , Oktavioni M , Fatiah R , Hourssari J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Bacteria can produce secondary metabolites compounds that act as antifungal agents. But in natural conditions, the production of secondary metabolites is low and requires certain growth conditions. One of the methods to increase secondary metabolites production is the modification of the culture medium. In this study, four environmental factors combination was used to optimize the optimal culture medium for S. plymuthica UBCF_13 to produce antifungal compounds. The environmental factors were pH 8, 2 % peptone, 1 mM MnSO4, and 8 hours culture duration. In inhibitory activity test to C. gloeosporioides fungi, cell-free supernatant and cell culture of S. plymuthica UBCF_13 were applied. The results showed that the highest inhibitory activity of cell-free supernatant application (17.80%) was obtained from a medium that adjusted with pH 8, 1 mM MnSO4, and 8 hours duration. While the highest inhibitory activity of cell culture application (44.53%) was obtained from the medium with a combination of pH 8, 2% peptone, 1 mM MnSO4, and 8 hours culture duration. In the SDS-PAGE visualization, 4 protein bands appeared which were thought to be closely related to the inhibitory activity of antifungal compounds of S. plymuthica UBCF_13. The optimum medium was found to be a medium with a combination of pH 8, 2% peptone, 1mM MnSO4, and 8 hours of culture duration.
Synovial membrane mesenchymal stem cell [SM-MSC] induced IGF-1 promote growth factor release in conditioned medium SM-MSC
Authors: Marlina M , Rahmadian R , Sudji I R , Handayana V , Safitri M , Elida N , Widowati W 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the process of in vitro culture, mesenchymal stem cells [MSC] release some secretions, resulting in a variety of growth factors and cytokines in the growth medium of MSCs. These media are called conditioned media [CM] and are currently considered to be a better alternative to stem cell therapy. To increase the potential of CM-MSCs in regenerative therapy, in this study we induced the SM-MSCs with IGF-1 to promotes growth factors and cytokine release in CM-SMMSCs. After SM-MSCs were treated with IGF-1, the CM was collected and BMP-1, FGF-18, and TGF-β1 were analyzed using ELISA method. Based on the results, the most significant increases in BMP-2, FGF18, and TGF-β1 protein concentrations were found in SM-MSCs-CM cultured with 150 ug / mL of IGF-1. Therefore, 150 μg / ml of IGF-1 is a potential concentration used for induced growth factors released in CM-SMMSCs.
Analysis of the implementation of Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil-ISPO Certification at farmer level in West Pasaman Regency
Authors: Hasnah H , Hariance R , Hendri M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As consumer demand for sustainable palm oil increases, the Indonesian government responds by issuing the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil [ISPO] Guidelines, which since 2015 have become Indonesia’s Sustainable Palm Oil Certification System. Currently, only 33% of the total oil palm area obtain ISPO certificates predominantly from private companies. As most oil palm plantations are smallholders owned, they must be prepared to meet this certification to enable Indonesia’s palm oil industry to maintain its market share in the world market. However, ISPO certification has not been known at the farmer level widely. This research aims to analyze the effect of farmers’ knowledge on the application of ISPO principles. The study employed a survey method involving 57 oil palm farmers. Primary data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed with the structural equation modeling method [SEM]. The results reveal that farmer knowledge on benefit and risk variables is in the moderate category, while farmers’ perception of ISPO simplicity is low. In applying ISPO principles, farmers have a high score on land legality and farm management, while environmental management and sustainable business are low. The estimation results obtained that farmers’ level of knowledge does not affect the application level of ISPO principles.
Build a strong agribusiness institution through collective action
Authors: Hariance R , Noer M , Ridwan E , Hasnah H 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Agribusiness developments are facing challenges in managing limited natural resources. This requires coordination, synchronization, and cooperation through partnerships or collective action. There have been many partnership efforts in a few agribusiness sectors, however, there is no sign of sustainable partnership. Partnerships often fail due to internal factors from both of the partners. On the other hand, there is also a successful partnership, which is called a cooperative. In several countries, cooperatives have been implemented with great success, which also has contributed to a high Gross National Product value for the country. In Indonesia, the success of cooperatives in the agricultural sector was demonstrated by the success of cooperatives in bringing Indonesia to achieve self-sufficiency in rice in 1984. The relationship between farmers and cooperatives at that time was very strong, but the results of previous research indicated that changes in regulations after the reform period weakened the role of cooperatives in maintaining food stability. The question is “what causes it?” This study tries to conduct a literature review of cooperatives that have succeeded and developed well by using the Systematic Literature Review [SLR] methods. The results show that since the first movement in Indonesia cooperatives is always under government intervention. The lesson to be learned from the success of several countries in building cooperatives is the importance of movements that come from below with collective individuals awareness. Therefore, to build a strong agribusiness institution, it is necessary to re-develop the cooperative management into an integrated agribusiness cooperative based on collective action.
Adaptive phyconomy for sustainable management of coastal ecoscapes in Indonesia
Authors: Neish Iain C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Adaptive phyconomy supports holistic, sustainable marine ecoscape development as a component of integrated coastal area management (ICAM). Phyconomy is the branch of applied phycology that comprises systems of art, science and technology applied to production systems that yield crops of algae. Through the macroalgae known as “seaweeds”, farmers turn seawater, sunshine, and effort into money. Adaptive marine phyconomy of tropical red seaweeds is an outstanding example of large-scale crop production that developed primarily from simple methods refined by farmers in the sea, but as of 2020 it is, still much more art than science. Phyconomy, ecoscape issues and market issues are intertwined in a way that demands holistic planning and management. Every phyconomy action is influenced not only by energy and materials issues, but also by issues among value chain stakeholder alliances. Ocean farming functions take place under conditions where environmental and socio-economic conditions are often uncertain, therefore adaptive approaches must be applied in a way that is resilient and sustainable. The present paper discusses how adaptive phyconomy art and science is being developed as a fundamental component of integrated coastal area management for sustainable marine ecoscape development in Indonesia.
A numerical model for pollutant distribution on a closed lagoon with inlet and outlet
Authors: Zaitun  , A G Mahie , Khaeruddin  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This research obtains a model of the distribution of pollutants in a closed lagoon with inlet and outlet. The model is made and solved by the DuFort-Frankel scheme. This research produces a flow equation or stream function model on the closed lagoon, stated in the 2-D Laplace equation and pollutant distribution model using a 2-D advection-diffusion equation. The DuFort-Frankel numerical modeling was carried out in two different cases of pollutants injection, namely instantaneous and continuous injection on the closed lagoon, resulted that pollutants spreading in all directions and tend to flow toward the outlet of the lagoon. The Lax-Richtmyer equivalency theorem carries out the convergence analysis of the DuFort-Frankel scheme.
The effect probiotics from the types of nuts in feeding to the for bacterial populations, enzyme activity and feed FCR for milkfish (Chanos chanos)
Authors: Wahyudi  , Aslamyah Siti , Zainuddin  , Surianti  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Nuts contain oligosaccharides which can function as prebiotics. Prebiotics are fibers that the body cannot digest and become food for probiotics. This study aimed to analyze the bacterial population, enzyme activity and feed conversion ratio of milkfish after being given various prebiotics from legumes in the feed. Milkfish measuring 4.13 ± 2.75 g are reared in a glass aquarium measuring 50 × 45 × 45 cm filled with water with a salinity of 15-20 ppt. Fish are maintained at a density of 15 individuals/aquarium for 60 days and are fed 5% body weight/day. The study was designed in a completely randomized design with 5 prebiotic treatments of soybeans, peanuts, green beans, kidney beans, and control. The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect (p <0.05) on the bacterial population, as well as the protease and amylase enzyme activity, but not on FCR. The highest bacterial population was red bean prebiotics (2,082 × 103 CFU/mL), followed by green beans (2,001 × 103 CFU/mL), soybeans (972 × 103 CFU/mL). The highest activity (0.243 u/mL) and amylase enzyme (0.745 u/mL) was the prebiotic kidney beans, followed by soybeans (0.236 u/mL) amylase enzyme (0.506 u/mL), peanuts, protease enzymes (0.129 u/mL) amylase enzyme (0.554 u/mL) and green bean protease enzyme (0.156 u/mL) amylase enzyme (0.543 u/mL). Meanwhile, the FCR ranges from 1.43 ±.0.85 to 2.87 ±.1.70. It can be concluded that the best type of prebiotic is red beans.
Digestibility of fermented copra meal for fish as plant protein source in the Saline tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Seeds
Authors: Harlina Harlina , Hamdillah Andi , Kamaruddin Kamaruddin , Aslamyah Siti 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCopra meal is an alternative protein source as fish meal in fish feed because the nutritional value is almost the same. However, copra meal has a relatively high crude fiber content, so efforts are needed to reduce crude fiber content through the fermentation process using the microbeRizopussp. which produces cellulase enzymes. This study aims to determine the digestibility level of fermented copra meal in feed as a source of vegetable protein in the maintenance of saline tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) seeds. The research were conducted with the addition of fermented, dried and powdered copra meal to the feed with a concentration of: (A) 0%; (B) 15%; (C) 30% and (D) 45%. The fish were given test feed on a daily basis with a feeding frequency of once per day. The results showed that giving 15% of the fermented copra meal as plant protein source in the feed gave a better total feed digestibility compared to the addition of unfermented copra meal.
Analysis of small pelagic fishing grounds using a generalized additive model in the Makassar Strait
Authors: Putri Rini Sahni , Bibin Muhammad , Surianti  , Hasrianti  , Damis  , Putri Andi Rani Sahni , Wulandari Ully , Wardani Mentari Puspa 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Spatial and temporal studies on the distribution of small pelagic fish by applying oceanographic parameters are essential for fisheries management. An understanding of the spatial characteristics of small pelagic fish distributions is important to optimize the sustainability of marine resource utilization. This study examined the characteristics of small pelagic fish fishing grounds through the analysis of oceanographic parameters using remote sensing satellite data and generalized additive model. Remote sensing satellite data (SST and chlorophyll-α) covering the area of Makassar Strait were obtained from NASA databases, with a spatial resolution of 4 km and monthly temporal resolution. Data on the geographical location and catch volume of small pelagic fish were obtained from a fisheries survey in the Makassar Strait. Remote sensing satellite data and fisheries survey data were plotted graphically to determine the environmental conditions at the sites where the small pelagic fish were caught. Catch volume and catch positions were mapped to show fish distribution. The results show that the highest point was around Barru waters with a catch of 30.70kg - 36.75kg. Small pelagic fish were caught in the SST range between 29.82° C - 31.32°C and mostly caught in chlorophyll-a between 0.34 mg/m3 - 0.62 mg/m3.
Seaweed Eucheuma spinosum J. Agardh 1847, is it a bioaccumulator?
Authors: Tuwo A , Yasir I , Zainuddin  , Syafiuddin  , Tresnati J , Aprianto R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Eucheuma spinosum is a species of seaweed widely cultivated in Indonesia. This seaweed contains high carrageenan, ranging between 65-67 percent. Carrageenan plays a very important role as a stabilizer, thickener, gel maker, emulsifier and others. This property is widely used in the food industry, medicine, cosmetics, textiles, paints, toothpaste and other industries. This very important benefit requires that E. spinosum must be safe from harmful metal content. This study aims to analyze whether E. spinosum is a bioaccumulator of harmful metals. This research was conducted in three sea areas around South Sulawesi, namely the Gulf of Bone, the Flores Sea and the Makassar Strait. Seaweed samples were taken from seaweed cultivation locations in these three areas. The metal concentrations analyzed were Copper (Cu), Cadmium (Cd), and Lead (Pb). This study indicated that E. spinosum was a bioaccumulator because at each sampling location the concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Pb at E. spinosum were generally greater than those in ambient seawater. E. spinosum was non permanent or non consistent bioaccumulator because the concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Pb in E. spinosum tissue are not directly proportional to the concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Pb in seawater.
Mapping seasonal marine debris patterns and potential hotspots in Banten Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Rahmania R , Setiawan A , Tussadiah A , Kusumaningrum P D , Yulius  , Prihantono J , Gautama B G , Pranowo W S , Aisyah  , Nugraha A W , Gusmawati N F , Widjanarko E , Arifin T 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Banten Bay is a 150 km2 sea area which includes the waterfront of Serang City in Banten Province, Indonesia with several large rivers flowing into the Bay. The rapid development of industrial and commerce surrounds this bay added with population growth in Serang City have caused environmental problems. For instance, there has been a surge in the volume of domestic and industrial waste that has been dumped along several rivers and finally leaked into Banten Bay. This study aimed to spatially visualize the existing waste flow from residential area to the location of landfills in order to assist the local government in evaluating their waste management system, and to help prevent the waste leaking into Banten Bay and even further beyond. By using hydrodynamic modelling and ground truthing, we can predict the potential waste hotspots and the seasonal patterns of marine debris around Banten Bay and its surroundings. The results show that plastic litter originating from the Cibanten River will drift to the west during the east monsoon and will move to the east during the west monsoon. Based on this evidence, plastic litter from the Cibanten River estuary has the potential to spread further towards the Sunda Strait during the east monsoon and into Jakarta Bay during the west monsoon. We encourage cooperation among local governments in Banten and West Java throughout the watershed as well as with the Jakarta Provincial Government to establish an integrated waste management system to prevent the waste leakage.
Benefit sharing from whale shark tourism in Botubarani, Gorontalo and Labuhan Jambu, Teluk Saleh
Authors: Djunaidi A , Jompa J , Nadiarti N , Bahar A , Tilahunga S D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Whale shark tourism is a growing industry in the world. This study aimed to determine the benefits local people earn from whale shark tourism at two sites in Indonesia, Botubarani in Gorontalo Province and Labuhan Jambu, Teluk Saleh, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province. This study involved dive centres, fishermen, community tourism groups, village enterprises (BUMDES), home stay owners, car rental companies, boat owners, lift net owners, snorkelling equipment rental businesses and ecotourism operators. In Botubarani, dive centres sold whale shark watching dive trips for US$42.3/pax, and snorkelling trips for US$23/pax, of which, US$4.6 and US$2.7 went to the Pokdarwis, and US$33.5 to the dive centre. For nondivers, trips cost US$11.5, of which US$1.5 was for whale shark bait, US$1.5 went to the Pokdarwis, and US$4.6 to fishermen. Whale shark watchers in Labuhan Jambu paid US$211.5-US$270 to ecotourism operators plus US$7.7/pax to the BUMDES. From that money, US$119 was paid to lift net owners, US$42 to boat operators, and US$19.2-US$76.9 to ecotourism operators. On average, car rental companies received US$46.1, home stays received US$7.6, and US$11.5 was paid for rental equipment.
Appraisal of Green Construction Material by Optimizing the Strength of Tannery Sludge Concrete
Authors: Dharmaraj R , Gopikumar S , Darnay P Ebby , Uma S , Sundararajan S , Muthuraman U , Maruvarasan S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Tanning industries are emerging as economic contributor for developing countries with fifth position and largest among processing work in India. Due to the large production (144 million tons per year) and wastage (1.3 million tons per year) of leather products, it is mandatory to utilize the wastes generated in a proper way. In this work it is considered to use the tannery sludge as admixture and as replacement material of coarse aggregate to reasonable increase in composition for potential application in modern construction industry.