bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of body mass index with morbidity in patients hospitalised with COVID-19
Authors: Plataki Maria , Pan Di , Goyal Parag , Hoffman Katherine , Choi Jacky Man Kwan , Huang Hao , Safford Monika M , Schenck Edward J 
Published: August 2021

PurposeTo evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes other than death in patients hospitalised and intubated with COVID-19.MethodsThis is a single-centre cohort study of adults with COVID-19 admitted to New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine from 3 March 2020 through 15 May 2020. Baseline and outcome variables, as well as lab and ventilatory parameters, were generated for the admitted and intubated cohorts after stratifying by BMI category. Linear regression models were used for continuous, and logistic regression models were used for categorical outcomes.ResultsThe study included 1337 admitted patients with a subset of 407 intubated patients. Among admitted patients, hospital length of stay (LOS) and home discharge was not significantly different across BMI categories independent of demographic characteristics and comorbidities. In the intubated cohort, there was no difference in in-hospital events and treatments, including renal replacement therapy, neuromuscular blockade and prone positioning. Ventilatory ratio was higher with increasing BMI on days 1, 3 and 7. There was no significant difference in ventilator free days (VFD) at 28 or 60 days, need for tracheostomy, hospital LOS, and discharge disposition based on BMI in the intubated cohort after adjustment.ConclusionsIn our COVID-19 population, there was no association between obesity and morbidity outcomes, such as hospital LOS, home discharge or VFD. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying the reported effects of BMI on outcomes, which may be population dependent.
Clarifying the anatomy of the superior sinus venosus defect
Authors: Relan Jay , Gupta Saurabh Kumar , Rajagopal Rengarajan , Ramakrishnan Sivasubramanian , Gulati Gurpreet Singh , Kothari Shyam S , Saxena Anita , Sharma Sanjiv , Rajashekar Palleti , Anderson Robert H 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesWe sought to clarify the variations in the anatomy of the superior cavoatrial junction and anomalously connected pulmonary veins in patients with superior sinus venosus defects using computed tomographic (CT) angiography.MethodsCT angiograms of 96 consecutive patients known to have superior sinus venosus defects were analysed.ResultsThe median age of the patients was 34.5 years. In seven (7%) patients, the defect showed significant caudal extension, having a supero-inferior dimension greater than 25 mm. All patients had anomalous connection of the right superior pulmonary vein. The right middle and right inferior pulmonary vein were also connected anomalously in 88 (92%) and 17 (18%) patients, respectively. Anomalous connection of the right inferior pulmonary vein was more common in those with significant caudal extension of the defect (57% vs 15%, p=0.005). Among anomalously connected pulmonary veins, the right superior, middle, and inferior pulmonary veins were committed to the left atrium in 6, 17, and 11 patients, respectively. The superior caval vein over-rode the interatrial septum in 67 (70%) patients, with greater than 50% over-ride in 3 patients.ConclusionAnomalous connection of the right-sided pulmonary veins is universal, but is not limited to the right upper lobe. Not all individuals have over-riding of superior caval vein. In a minority of patients, the defect has significant caudal extension, and anomalously connected pulmonary veins are committed to the left atrium. These findings have significant clinical and therapeutic implications.
Repetitive and forceful movements of the hand as predictors of treatment for pain in the distal upper extremities
Authors: Aavang Petersen Jonathan , Brauer Charlotte , Thygesen Lau Caspar , Flachs Esben Meulengracht , Lund Christina Bach , Thomsen Jane Frølund 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate repetitive movements and the use of hand force as causes of treatment for distal upper extremities musculoskeletal disordersMethodsA cohort of 202 747 workers in a pension health scheme from 2005 to 2017 in one of 17 jobs (eg, office work, carpentry, cleaning) was formed. Representative electro-goniometric measurements of wrist angular velocity as a measure for repetition and expert-rated use of hand force were used in a job exposure matrix (JEM). Job titles were retrieved from the Danish registers. Outcome was first treatment in the distal upper extremities. In a Poisson regression model, incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of treatment were adjusted for age, calendar-year, diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and arm fractures. In further analyses, wrist velocity or hand force was added.ResultsIn men, wrist velocity had an IRR of 1.48 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.91) when the highest exposure level was compared with the lowest but with no clear exposure-response pattern. The effect became insignificant when adjusted for hand force. Hand force had an IRR of 2.65 (95% CI 2.13 to 3.29) for the highest versus the lowest exposure with an exposure-response pattern, which remained after adjustment for wrist velocity. Among women, no increased risk was found for hand force, while wrist velocity showed a significantly protective association with treatment.ConclusionsIn men, occupational exposure to hand force more than doubled the risk of seeking treatment. The results for exposure to repetition were less clear. In women, we could not find any indications of an increased risk neither for force nor for repetition.
Comparison of continuous intravenous lidocaine versus transversus abdominis plane block for kidney transplant surgery: a randomized, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Hanson Neil A , Strunk Joseph , Saunders Genna , Cowan Nick G , Brandenberger Jared , Kuhr Christian S , Oryhan Christine , Warren Daniel T , Slee April E , Strodtbeck Wyndam 
Published: August 2021

Background and objectivesTransversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks are associated with an improvement in postoperative analgesia following kidney transplant surgery. However, these blocks carry inherent risk and require a degree of expertise to perform successfully. Continuous intravenous lidocaine may be an effective alternative. In this randomized, non-inferiority study, we hypothesized that a continuous lidocaine infusion provides similar postoperative analgesia to a TAP block.MethodsSubjects presenting for kidney transplant surgery were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either an ultrasound-guided unilateral, single-injection TAP block (TAP group) or a continuous infusion of lidocaine (Lido group). The primary outcome of this non-inferiority study was opioid consumption within the first 24 hours following surgery. Secondary outcomes included pain scores, patient satisfaction, opioid-related adverse events, time to regular diet, and persistent opioid use.ResultsOne hundred and twenty subjects, 59 from the TAP group and 61 from the Lido group, completed the study per protocol. Analysis of the primary outcome showed a cumulative geometric mean intravenous morphine equivalent difference between the TAP (14.6±3.2 mg) and Lido (15.9±2.4 mg) groups of 1.27 mg (95% CI −4.25 to 6.79; p<0.001), demonstrating non-inferiority of the continuous lidocaine infusion. No secondary outcomes showed clinically meaningful differences between groups.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that a continuous infusion of lidocaine offers non-inferior postoperative analgesia compared with an ultrasound-guided unilateral, single-injection TAP block in the first 24 hours following kidney transplant surgery.Trial registration numberNCT03843879.
Diagnostic value of 3D-FLAIR MRI in children with sudden deafness caused by inner ear hemorrhage
Authors: Gao Fu Sheng , Jia Xuan , Ma XiaoHui , Bi Jing , Shu Qiang 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic value of three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (3D-FLAIR) MRI in children with sudden deafness caused by inner ear hemorrhage.MethodsThe diagnostic efficacies of three different MRI sequences in the examination of the inner ear for 32 children with sudden deafness were compared. Hearing examination results and 3-month follow-up outcomes were analyzed.ResultsThe age of 32 children with sudden deafness ranged from 5 to 18 years. MRI was performed from 1 to 18 days after onset. Six cases of sudden deafness caused by inner ear hemorrhage were finally diagnosed clinically. For different MRI sequences, the 3D-FLAIR sequence detected five positive cases; the conventional T1-weighted image sequence also detected five positive cases; but the conventional T2-weighted image sequence only detected three positive cases. The sensitivity and specificity of the 3D-FLAIR sequence in the diagnosis of inner ear hemorrhage were 83.3% (5/6) and 96.2% (25/26), respectively, and the area under the curve value of the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.897. In the hemorrhage group, all six cases had extremely severe sensorineural hearing loss, and the hearing recovery was ineffective after 3 months of follow-up. The degree of hearing impairment, 3-month short-term treatment efficacy, and 3D-FLAIR MRI in the diagnosis of inner ear hemorrhage between hemorrhage group and non-hemorrhage group were statistically significant (p=0.043, p=0.000, p=0.000).Conclusions3D-FLAIR MRI is helpful for the diagnosis of inner ear hemorrhage in children with sudden deafness. Besides, short-term treatment indicates poor effects on children with severe hearing impairment.
Dispersion-theoretical analysis of the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon: Past, present and future
Authors: Lin Yong-Hui , Hammer Hans-Werner , Meißner Ulf-G. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe review the dispersion-theoretical analysis of the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon. We emphasize in particular the role of unitarity and analyticity in the construction of the isoscalar and isovector spectral functions. We present new results on the extraction of the nucleon radii, the electric and magnetic form factors and the extraction of$$\omega $$ω-meson couplings. All this is supplemented by a detailed calculation of the theoretical uncertainties, using bootstrap and Bayesian methods to pin down the statistical errors, while systematic errors are determined from variations of the spectral functions. We also discuss the physics of the time-like form factors and point out further issues to be addressed in this framework.
Forced apart: a microtubule-based mechanism for equidistant positioning of multiple nuclei in single cells
Authors: Teapal Juliane , Schuitman Leander J. , Mulder Bela M. , Janson Marcel E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCells can position multiple copies of components like carboxysomes, nucleoids, and nuclei at regular intervals. By controlling positions, cells, for example, ensure equal partitioning of organelles over daughter cells and, in the case of nuclei, control cell sizes during cellularization. Mechanisms that generate regular patterns are as yet poorly understood. We used fission yeast cell cycle mutants to investigate the dispersion of multiple nuclei by microtubule-generated forces in single cells. After removing internuclear attractive forces by microtubule-based molecular motors, we observed the establishment of regular patterns of nuclei. Based on live-cell imaging, we hypothesized that microtubule growth within internuclear spaces pushes neighbouring nuclei apart. In the proposed mechanism, which was validated by stochastic simulations, the repulsive force weakens with increasing separation because stochastic shortening events limit the extent over which microtubules generate forces. Our results, therefore, demonstrate how cells can exploit the dynamics of microtubule growth for the equidistant positioning of organelles.
Characterization of medieval-like glass alteration layers by laser spectroscopy and nonlinear optical microscopy
Authors: Oujja Mohamed , Palomar Teresa , Martínez-Weinbaum Marina , Martínez-Ramírez Sagrario , Castillejo Marta 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHistorical glass-based objects undergo, since the time of their manufacture, different degradation phenomena that are related to their composition and to the environment to which they were exposed. Three-dimensional (3D) structural and chemical characterization of the degradation layers is important to select the most adequate conservation strategies for glass objects. Optical microscopy (OM) is the most frequently used non-destructive method to examine the surface of historical glasses; however, the 3D structural assessment of alteration layers requires applying the destructive modality of this technique to conduct a cross-sectional study. In this work, a different approach for structural and compositional characterization of alteration layers on model medieval-like glasses is presented, based on the combination of the laser spectroscopies of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and FT-Raman, and the emerging, cutting edge technique of nonlinear optical microscopy (NLOM) in the modality of multiphoton excitation fluorescence (MPEF). The results obtained through this multi-analytical photonic approach were compared with those retrieved by examination of the surface and cross sections of the samples by OM and scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS). While the combination of LIBS, LIF and FT-Raman served to assess the composition of the various alteration layers, the use of MPEF microscopy allowed the non-destructive determination of the thicknesses of these layers, showing for both thickness and composition a good agreement with the OM and SEM–EDS results. Thus, the proposed approach, which avoids sample preparation, illustrates the capability of non-destructive, or micro-destructive in the case of LIBS, laser spectroscopies and microscopies for the in situ study of glass objects of historic or/and artistic value.
Graphic Abstract
RESULT OF LOCAL EXISTENCE OF SOLUTIONS OF NONLOCAL VISCOELASTIC SYSTEM WITH RESPECT TO THE NONLINEARITY OF SOURCE TERMS
Authors: BOULAARAS SALAH , CHOUCHA ABDELBAKI , OUCHENANE DJAMEL , ALHARBI ASMA , ABDALLA MOHAMED 
Published: August 2021

This work deals with the proof of local existence theorem of solutions for coupled nonlocal singular viscoelastic system with respect to the nonlinearity of source terms by using the Faedo–Galerkin method together with energy methods. This work makes a new contribution, since most of the previous works did not address the proof of the theorem of the local existence of solutions. It is also a completed study of Boulaaras et al. [Adv. Differ. Equ. 2020 (2020) 310].
Digitalization and 3D Documentation Techniques Applied to Two Pieces of Visigothic Sculptural Heritage in Merida Through Structured Light Scanning
Authors: García-Molina Diego F. , López-Lago Samuel , Hidalgo-Fernandez Rafael E. , Triviño-Tarradas Paula 
Published: August 2021

Technological advancements have a great impact on the dissemination and understanding of the cultural heritage reality due to innovative techniques. These innovations are based on high-precision and high-resolution technologies that allow for the geometric documentation of any object within the fields of history and the arts. Through these techniques, new proposals may be studied and objects can be placed in any historical context. Three-dimensional (3D) digitization allows one to obtain a digital 3D model, which can be handled virtually and recreated at any historical period, enabling the conservation and safeguarding of cultural heritage. Society currently demands new visualization techniques that allow interacting with architectural and artistic heritage, which have been applied in numerous virtual reconstructions of historical sites or singular archaeological pieces.
This project allowed us to geometrically document a reused piece with two surfaces (shield and columns) and a plaque of the city of Merida using a structured light scanner from a theoretical-practical perspective. The 3D virtual reconstruction of the pieces was accomplished within this study. The generation of QR codes enabled the interactive display of the heritage pieces. Likewise, a proposal was made to reuse the aforementioned pieces through virtual archaeology. The initial hypothesis is based on the possible existence of a Visigothic niche as an original form. This research reports significant advances in the conservation and exploitation of cultural heritage.
Numerical Investigation on Gas Production Performance in Methane Hydrate of Multilateral Well under Depressurization in Krishna-Godavari Basin
Authors: Xin Xin , Li Si , Xu Tianfu , Yuan Yilong 
Published: August 2021

Nature gas hydrate is a new kind of clean and potential resources. Depressurization is regarded as the most effective and promising hydrate production technology. One of the key points in improving the gas production effectiveness of depressurization is whether pressure gradient could transmit in strata effectively. Single well method is widely used in hydrate exploit which is circumscribed in expanding the range of hydrate decomposition. Consequently, the well structure and production strategy needs to be optimized for improving the gas recovery efficiency. The multilateral well technology is proposed for increasing the gas productivity of the reservoir greatly by increasing the multilateral branches. In this paper, we established a numerical simulation model based on the geological data NGHP-02-16 site in the KG basin to evaluate the gas production performance of the reservoir by depressurization. It mainly focuses on investigating the gas production performance of multilateral wells with different combinations of geometric parameters of multilateral branches, such as different dip angle, numbers, and spacing of lateral branches. The result shows that the multilateral well method can effectively increase the gas production rate with the water production rate increase slightly. The cumulative gas production volume of a single vertical well is about

2.85
×

10

6

m

3

, while it is of the multilateral well can reach

4.18
×

10

6

m

3

during a one-year production. The well interference, the effective influence radius of each multilateral branch, and the vertical depth of the lateral branch are the main factors which affect the gas production efficiency of the multilateral well. The optimization of the geometric parameters of lateral should consider not only the gas production efficiency but also the well interference between the lateral branches.
A Conformation Selective Mode of Inhibiting SRC Improves Drug Efficacy and Tolerability
Authors: Temps Carolin , Lietha Daniel , Webb Emily R. , Li Xue-Feng , Dawson John C. , Muir Morwenna , Macleod Kenneth G. , Valero Teresa , Munro Alison F. , Contreras-Montoya Rafael , Luque-Ortega Juan R. , Fraser Craig , Beetham Henry , Schoenherr Christina , Lopalco Maria , Arends Mark J. , Frame Margaret C. , Qian Bin-Zhi , Brunton Valerie G. , Carragher Neil O. , Unciti-Broceta Asier 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDespite the approval of several multikinase inhibitors that target SRC and the overwhelming evidence of the role of SRC in the progression and resistance mechanisms of many solid malignancies, inhibition of its kinase activity has thus far failed to improve patient outcomes. Here we report the small molecule eCF506 locks SRC in its native inactive conformation, thereby inhibiting both enzymatic and scaffolding functions that prevent phosphorylation and complex formation with its partner FAK. This mechanism of action resulted in highly potent and selective pathway inhibition in culture and in vivo. Treatment with eCF506 resulted in increased antitumor efficacy and tolerability in syngeneic murine cancer models, demonstrating significant therapeutic advantages over existing SRC/ABL inhibitors. Therefore, this mode of inhibiting SRC could lead to improved treatment of SRC-associated disorders.Significance:Small molecule–mediated inhibition of SRC impairing both catalytic and scaffolding functions confers increased anticancer properties and tolerability compared with other SRC/ABL inhibitors.
FILIP1L Loss Is a Driver of Aggressive Mucinous Colorectal Adenocarcinoma and Mediates Cytokinesis Defects through PFDN1
Authors: Kwon Mijung , Rubio Genesaret , Nolan Nicholas , Auteri Peter , Volmar Jean Arly , Adem Asha , Javidian Parisa , Zhou Zhongren , Verzi Michael P. , Pine Sharon R. , Libutti Steven K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAneuploid mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma (MAC) is an aggressive subtype of colorectal cancer with poor prognosis. The tumorigenic mechanisms in aneuploid MAC are currently unknown. Here we show that downregulation of Filamin A–interacting protein 1-like (FILIP1L) is a driver of MAC. Loss of FILIP1L increased xenograft growth, and, in colon-specific knockout mice, induced colonic epithelial hyperplasia and mucin secretion. The molecular chaperone prefoldin 1 (PFDN1) was identified as a novel binding partner of FILIP1L at the centrosomes throughout mitosis. FILIP1L was required for proper centrosomal localization of PFDN1 and regulated proteasome-dependent degradation of PFDN1. Importantly, increased PFDN1, caused by downregulation of FILIP1L, drove multinucleation and cytokinesis defects in vitro and in vivo, which were confirmed by time-lapse imaging and 3D cultures of normal epithelial cells. Overall, these findings suggest that downregulation of FILIP1L and subsequent upregulation of PFDN1 is a driver of the unique neoplastic characteristics in aggressive aneuploid MAC.Significance:This study identifies FILIP1L as a tumor suppressor in mucinous colon cancer and demonstrates that FILIP1L loss results in aberrant stabilization of a centrosome-associated chaperone protein to drive aneuploidy and disease progression.
FDA Approval Summary: Tivozanib for Relapsed or Refractory Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chang Elaine , Weinstock Chana , Zhang Lijun , Fiero Mallorie H. , Zhao Miao , Zahalka Eias , Ricks Tiffany K. , Fourie Zirkelbach Jeanne , Qiu Junshan , Yu Jingyu , Chen Xiao Hong , Bhatnagar Vishal , Goldberg Kirsten B. , Tang Shenghui , Kluetz Paul G. , Pazdur Richard , Ibrahim Amna , Beaver Julia A. , Amiri-Kordestani Laleh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
On March 10, 2021, the FDA granted regular approval to tivozanib for treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) following two or more prior systemic therapies. Approval was based on the TIVO-3 study, a randomized trial of tivozanib versus sorafenib in patients with R/R advanced RCC. In TIVO-3, patients were randomized to receive either tivozanib 1.34 mg orally once daily for 21 consecutive days of every 28-day cycle or sorafenib 400 mg orally twice daily continuously. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) per RECIST v1.1. Tivozanib demonstrated efficacy compared with sorafenib with an improvement in PFS [HR, 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.56–0.95; P = 0.016]. The estimated median PFS was 5.6 months and 3.9 months in the tivozanib and sorafenib arms, respectively. There was no evidence of a detrimental effect on overall survival: HR, 0.97 (95% CI, 0.75–1.24). The most common grade 3 to 4 adverse reaction on the tivozanib arm was hypertension (24%). Compared with sorafenib, tivozanib was associated with lower rates of grade 3 to 4 diarrhea, rash, and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia. Patients receiving tivozanib in TIVO-3 had lower rates of dose reduction, interruption, or permanent discontinuation than those receiving sorafenib.