bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature‐Driven Variations in Fitness and Physiological Responses of Aphis craccivora Koch and Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Lablab purpureus subsp. Bengalensis (Jacq.) Verdc
Authors: Kumbhakar Sanoj , Das Susmita , Bhattacharyya Bhramar , Barik Anandamay 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTemperature, an important abiotic factor, alters physiological processes in insects. This study includes effect of temperatures under laboratory (7°C, 12°C, 17°C, 22°C, 27°C and 32°C) and field (10°C–26°C) conditions on the life table parameters, total reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) content and activities of antioxidative [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)], detoxifying [acetylcholinesterase (AChE), β‐glucosidase and glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST)] and oxidoreductive [peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO)] enzymes of Aphis craccivora Koch and A. gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Lablab purpureus subsp. bengalensis (Jacq.) Verdc. plants. The longevity and fecundity of both aphids were highest at 22°C, and A. craccivora showed similarity between 22°C and field condition but A. gossypii showed similarity between 17°C and field condition, suggesting that A. craccivora is able to withstand more fluctuating temperature stress than A. gossypii. Total ROS, H2O2 and MDA content were increased at low (7°C) or high (32°C) temperature but these parameters were more increased at high temperature than low temperature, suggesting that high‐temperature stress is more harmful for both aphids. Under low (7°C) or high (32°C) temperature stress, the levels of antioxidative, detoxifying and oxidoreductive enzymes were increased in both adult aphids compared to 22°C or field condition, implicating that both these aphids are trying to detoxify excess ROS by producing more antioxidative, detoxifying and oxidoreductive enzymes. The mortality of both aphids was higher at low (7°C) and high (32°C) temperatures, implicating that both aphids could not detoxify excess ROS by the coordinated action of antioxidative, detoxifying and oxidoreductive enzymes. The findings of this study can assist to envisage the population dynamics of these two important aphids, which can assist in management of these two sucking insect pests in the crop field.
Can maternal serum soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 to placental growth factor levels at term anticipate adverse pregnancy outcomes?
Authors: Corker Sarah A. , Cade Thomas J. , Brennecke Shaun P. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimTo evaluate if maternal serum soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1(sFlt‐1) to placental growth factor (PlGF) ratio levels at term can anticipate the following adverse pregnancy outcomes: small for gestational age neonates; operative delivery for suspected fetal welfare compromise; and neonatal compromise.MethodsA retrospective analysis of a single hospital database containing antenatal soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 to placental growth factor (sFlt‐1/PlGF) ratio results together with associated demographic, clinical and investigative information. Subjects with antenatal sFlt‐1/PlGF measurements taken ≥37 weeks' gestation were analyzed. sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio cut‐offs of <38, 38–110, 111–201 and >201 were tested against the following outcomes: birthweight ≤10th and ≤3rd centiles; operative delivery for suspected fetal welfare compromise; 5 min Apgar score; and neonatal admissions for extra care.ResultsStatistically significant associations were found between sFlt‐1/PlGF ratios 111–201 and birthweights ≤10th centile (p < 0.01, odds ratio [OR] 3.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.52–6.10), and between operative delivery for suspected fetal welfare compromise and sFlt‐1/PlGF ratios 111–201 (p = 0.04, OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.03–4.75) and >201 (p = 0.01, OR 4.73, 95% CI 1.45–15.4).ConclusionsThis study indicates that maternal serum sFlt‐1/PlGF ratios performed at term may subsequently help identify significantly small‐for‐gestational age fetuses and operative delivery for suspected fetal welfare compromise. Further prospective studies may confirm these findings and substantiate the clinical importance of sFlt‐1/PlGF measurements in assisting the management of pregnancies at term.
Working from home and bi‐directional work–family conflict: Longitudinal evidence from Australian parents
Authors: Laß Inga , Wooden Mark 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigates the effects of working from home (WFH) on both work‐to‐family conflict (WTFC) and family‐to‐work conflict (FTWC) among parents, and whether family demands and the COVID‐19 pandemic moderate these effects.BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic saw a marked increase in the incidence of WFH in many countries, which many argue has been beneficial for families. Convincing evidence in support of this hypothesis, however, is scarce.MethodPanel data from 19 waves of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey (covering the period 2001 to 2021) are used to estimate fixed effects regression models of both FTWC and WTFC where the explanatory variable of interest is the share of usual weekly work hours worked from home. The sample is restricted to working parents aged between 18 and 64 years (9850 persons; 54,764 observations).ResultsFor both genders, the level of WTFC declines with the proportion of time worked from home. By contrast, the association between WFH and FTWC differs between mothers and fathers, with FTWC lower for mothers but higher for fathers (and especially for single fathers and those with young children) when working mostly from home. These associations remained largely unchanged during the pandemic.ConclusionWFH is particularly beneficial for mothers' reconciliation of work and family life but has ambivalent effects for fathers. This, in turn, may mean mothers will be more likely than fathers to have preferences for continuing WFH post pandemic.
How Passive Neck Immobilisation Influences Tongue Mobility and Strength: An Observational Study
Authors: Pérez‐González Alberto , Paris‐Alemany Alba , Chamorro‐Sánchez Jorge , La Touche Roy 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is a physiological association of the neck movements and jaw and tongue movements. However, there are no previous data regarding the performance of the tongue when the neck is under a lack of movement condition.ObjectiveTo quantify the tongue's maximal strength and mobility under an experimental restriction of cervical mobility.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study recruited 33 healthy volunteers. We measured the tongue's mobility and maximal strength reached at the posterior, middle and anterior parts of the tongue; all were performed with and without neck immobilisation. A neck collar was used for the experimental restriction of cervical mobility.ResultsANOVA revealed no differences in tongue strength between cervical condition (p = 0.84), but differences were found among the three tongue areas' strength (p < 0.001), according to the post hoc results the posterior area of the tongue resulted significantly weaker compared to the anterior (with collar p = 0.006; without collar p = 0.01) and midparts (with collar p = 0.03; without collar p = 0.006). Significant differences were also found in the tongue's range of motion (ROM) between groups for the protraction (p = 0.02). A subclassification of the participants was made according to the greatest strength obtained with (CCI group) or without (WCI group) neck collar, or no difference (NC group). The analysis of variance showed significant changes in tongue strength between groups at the tongue's anterior area (F = 5.28; p = 0.01), middle area (F = 9.83; p < 0.001) and posterior area (F = 4.05; p = 0.02). The post hoc analyses showed strength in the middle area of the tongue changed between neck conditions, obtaining significantly greater results without the neck collar compared with those with the neck collar (p = 0.01; d = 1.10).ConclusionThe results of this study indicate a trend suggesting that posture induced by experimental cervical fixation may influence tongue strength, with a possible greater effect in the middle area of the tongue compared to the anterior and posterior areas; however, it affects tongue range of motion. These findings suggest that cervical posture could be an important factor to consider in clinical assessments and interventions involving tongue function. Nonetheless, a larger sample size and further studies are needed to draw more definitive conclusions and understand these potential associations.
Cause‐Specific Secular Trends and Prevention Measures of Post‐Neonatally Acquired Cerebral Palsy in Victoria and Western Australia 1975–2014: A Population‐Based Observational Study
Authors: Waight E. , McIntyre S. , Woolfenden S. , Goldsmith S. , Reid S. , Watson L. , Britton P. N. , Webb A. , Hansen M. , Badawi N. , Smithers‐Sheedy H. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo describe the timing and causes of post‐neonatally acquired cerebral palsy (PNN‐CP) and map the implementation of relevant preventive strategies against cause‐specific temporal trends in prevalence.MethodsData for a 1975–2014 birth cohort of children with PNN‐CP (brain injury between 28 days and 2 years of age) were drawn from the Victorian and Western Australian CP Registers. Descriptive statistics were used to report causal events and timing. Poisson regression models were used to investigate the strength of evidence for cause‐specific temporal trends in prevalence. Preventive strategies were mapped alongside cause‐specific trends.ResultsAmongst 512 children, causes of PNN‐CP included infections (31%, n = 157), head injuries (24%, n = 121) and cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) (23%, n = 119). Infections were the only main causal group of PNN‐CP that declined significantly (p = 0.014). Fifty two percent (n = 267) of the PNN‐CP cohort acquired their brain injury before 6 months of age, the majority having an infectious cause (57%, n = 90). Improved clinical care and a range of preventive strategies, including childhood vaccination programs, occurred during this period.ConclusionInfants under 6 months are a priority group for preventive strategies for PNN‐CP. Declining temporal trends were observed for PNN‐CP caused by infection, and the causal subgroup of CVAs associated with surgery. Interventions aimed at further reducing the risk of head injury, CVAs and infections, are needed to reduce the prevalence of PNN‐CP.
High‐Energy Nutrition in Hospitalised Paediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Galvao Lorhayne Kerley Capuchinho Scalioni , de Farias Santos Ana Clara Felix , Zamora Fernanda Valeriano , Pimenta Nicole dos Santos , Salles João Pedro Costa Esteves Almuinha , Guzzardi Hable Isabella 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsCongenital heart disease (CHD) is a significant cause of growth failure and neonatal mortality worldwide, and requirement‐focused nutritional management can deeply impact the prognosis. Despite multiple trials, there is no published meta‐analysis on the impact of high‐energy nutrition in this population.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central for RCTs comparing high‐energy to standard formulas in hospitalised patients. We computed mean differences (MDs) for continuous outcomes and odds ratios (ORs) for binary endpoints, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsFive studies comprising 276 patients were included, of whom 139 (50.4%) received the high‐energy formula. Compared with the standard, they had higher weight gain (MD 276.37; 95% CI 56.29, 496.46). Despite no statistical significance, the length of hospital stay (MD −3.51; 95% CI −7.33, 0.3) tends to be shorter. There were no significant differences regarding the length of ICU stay (MD −10.32; 95% CI −58.04, 37.40) and mechanical ventilation (MD −19.54; 95% CI −47.81, 8.73). The presence of side effects (OR 1.82; 95% CI 0.58, 5.7; p = 0.3) was one of the outcomes most reported as better in the control group, but overall, there's no significant difference.ConclusionOur findings suggest the high‐energy formula may be superior to control considering weight gain. In addition, the presence of side effects was not significantly different between groups.
Not a quiet place: Validating C‐ and F‐PODs to predict harbor porpoise presence in the Ems estuary
Authors: Gauger Marco F. W. , Taupp Thomas 
Published: January 2025

AbstractShifting from cetacean porpoise detectors (C‐POD) to full waveform capture porpoise detectors (F‐POD) poses the question as to which device detects more harbor porpoises' echolocations and offers a higher level of precision and accuracy and a lower validation effort. C‐ and F‐PODs were deployed together in the Ems estuary at the German–Dutch border during their spring peak presence (February–June 2023). Detections were validated visually, and ecological models were parametrized for “NBHF” (narrow band high frequency, unvalidated) and “verified” data (validated) to showcase the risk of ignoring bias. Time‐aggregated porpoise detections were significantly lower in C‐ than in F‐PODs (1,644 vs. 2601 min; 1,094 vs. 1,301 10‐min intervals). Overall, C‐PODs achieved a higher level of precision and accuracy (Hi and Mod setting: 0.81 and 0.96) than F‐PODs (0.39 and 0.51). In F‐PODs, applying filters during train processing increased the relative number of harbor porpoise click‐trains and reduced validation effort. As random forest models have shown from “NBHF” and “verified” data, overestimation and underestimation led to false association of ecological variables with harbor porpoise presence and biased predictions. Hence, visual validation is required for data of both porpoise detectors to ensure unbiased ecological interpretations.
Single‐use versus multiple‐use endotracheal suction catheters flushed with chlorhexidine in mechanically ventilated ICU patients: A study protocol of a feasibility randomized controlled trial with an embedded qualitative study
Authors: Eid Mohamed H. , Hambridge Kevin , Schofield Pat , Latour Jos M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundEndotracheal suction catheters are often used multiple times during endotracheal suctioning procedures in resource‐limited intensive care units (ICU). The impact of this practice on mechanically ventilated patients' outcomes remains unclear.AimThe aim of this feasibility randomized controlled trial (fRCT) is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of single‐use versus multiple‐use endotracheal suction catheters flushed with chlorhexidine in mechanically ventilated ICU patients.DesignThis study is a three‐armed fRCT with an embedded qualitative study.MethodsThe trial involves three groups. One group includes endotracheal suctioning using a single‐use catheter; the second group includes a multiple‐use endotracheal suction catheter flushed with chlorhexidine and the control group includes a multiple‐use endotracheal suction catheter flushed with normal saline. Sixty adult ICU patients (20 in each group) will be recruited, along with 12–16 ICU nurses delivering the interventions, and 12–16 patients' next‐of‐kin for semi‐structured interviews. The study protocol has been approved by two ethics committees. Study recruitment will be conducted over an 8‐month period with an expected start date of 12 April 2024.Outcome MeasuresThe feasibility outcome measures will be recruitment, retention, and follow‐up measures as well as the identification of clinical outcomes such as Ventilator‐Associated Pneumonia (VAP) using the modified clinical pulmonary infection score, and ICU length‐of‐stay.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis study will help ICU nurses to understand how different methods of endotracheal suctioning affects patients in ICUs with limited resources. The findings could influence clinical practice and improve patient outcomes.
Can a plant biologist fix a thermostat?
Authors: Michael Todd P. 
Published: January 2025

SummaryThe shift to reductionist biology at the dawn of the genome era yielded a ‘parts list’ of plant genes and a nascent understanding of complex biological processes. Today, with the genomics era in full swing, advances in high‐definition genomics enabled precise temporal and spatial analyses of biological systems down to the single‐cell level. These insights, coupled with artificial intelligence‐driven in silico design, are propelling the development of the first synthetic plants. By integrating reductionist and systems approaches, researchers are not only reimagining plants as sources of food, fiber, and fuel but also as ‘environmental thermostats’ capable of mitigating the impacts of a changing climate.
LepR‐Expressing Cells in Bone and Periodontium
Authors: Li Yue , Li Peitong , Xue Kun , Shi Peilei , Xie Xudong , Wang Jun , Xu Chunmei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveLepR‐expressing cells (LepR+ cells), a critical subpopulation of mesenchymal stem cells, have gained increasing attention in the last decade. LepR+ cells have been found to play a crucial role in maintaining bone and periodontal homeostasis. This review summarizes current research advances focusing on the role of LepR+ cells and their underlying regulatory molecular mechanisms in bones and periodontium, aiming to provide a better understanding of the therapeutic potential of this cell lineage.MethodsA literature review was conducted based on publications in PubMed over the past 20 years, summarizing the research progress on LepR+ cells in bone and periodontal tissues.ResultsCurrent evidence revealed that LepR+ cells possess the ability of self‐renewal and multilineage differentiation and are essential for bone turnover and periodontal tissue remodeling. In addition, LepR+ cells participate in the processes of bone fracture healing and alveolar socket healing. Moreover, under pathological conditions such as osteoporosis, bone marrow fibrosis, and periodontitis, LepR+ cells exhibit enhanced adipogenic or fibrogenic differentiation abilities.ConclusionTherapeutic approaches targeting the cell fate of LepR+ cells hold the potential to provide novel insights into bone/periodontal repair and regeneration therapy.
Downregulation of PAX1 in OSCC Enhances Stemness and Immunosuppression via IFIT1 and PD‐L1 Pathways
Authors: Ko Hui‐Hsin , Peng Hsin‐Hui , Chou Han‐Yi E. , Hou Hsin‐Han , Liu Wei‐Wen , Kuo Mark Yen‐Ping , Lee Alan Yueh‐Luen , Kao Hsiang‐Fong , Lin Hung‐Ying , Chang Ying‐Chieh , Kuo Wei‐Ting , Cheng Shih‐Jung 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveOur study investigated how arecoline‐induced extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion suppresses PAX1 protein production through DNA hypermethylation and examined whether PAX1 downregulation enhances cancer stemness and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment.Materials and MethodsEVs were isolated from SAS/TW2.6 cancer cell lines using ultracentrifugation and identified using transmission electron microscopy. PAX1 DNA methylation was tested in an ISO17025‐certified lab, with and without EV pretreatment. Stemness and epithelial–mesenchymal transition markers were assessed by western blotting and 3D culture. PAX1, IFIT1, and PD‐L1 co‐expression were examined through immunofluorescence. Flow cytometry detected various T cells.ResultsArecoline‐induced EVs enhanced PAX1 methylation, suppressing its tumor‐suppressive function. Reduced PAX1 mRNA in OSCCs was linked to larger tumors, nodal metastasis, late‐stage disease, areca quid chewing, and poor survival. Downregulated PAX1 protein negatively correlated with IFIT1 and PD‐L1 expression. Reduced PAX1 promoted stemness via the IFIT1 pathway, increasing PD‐L1 secretion and aiding immune evasion. PD‐L1 expression correlated with Treg and CD8+ T cell levels in OSCC tissues, and the CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio was lower in OSCC patients than in controls.ConclusionArecoline‐induced EV production, which influences PAX1/IFIT1/PD‐L1 function, may serve as a reliable biomarker for targeted therapy in OSCC patients.
Nursing Partnerships Are Crucial for Bridging Education and Public Health
Authors: McCabe Ellen M. , Jameson Beth E. , Maughan Erin D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPublic health nurses (PHNs) and school nurses are integral in addressing health disparities, managing chronic illnesses, preventing and controlling communicable diseases, and promoting wellness within communities. Schools serve as pivotal platforms for implementing health initiatives and providing opportunities for disease prevention and health promotion. School nurses identify and address health risks, including chronic conditions, communicable diseases, substance abuse, and mental health concerns, and often act as knowledgeable authorities to access community resources. PHNs perform a vital role in communicating the health experiences of diverse and sometimes vulnerable individuals and families to health planners and policymakers. They also empower community members to articulate concerns and goals, promoting a collaborative approach to public health development. Collaboration between PHNs and school nurses enhances community health through joint efforts in screenings, health education, and community‐wide interventions. However, barriers, such as isolated strategic planning, siloed funding, and inadequate information systems, hinder effective collaboration. The authors advocate for joint strategic planning, integrated funding, and interoperable health information systems that may now be fragmented to strengthen these partnerships in order to improve population health. Enhancing these collaborations is vital for creating supportive environments where students can thrive academically and health‐wise, ensuring a sustainable impact on community health.
An analysis of the influence of education level on Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) scores among stroke patients
Authors: Wang Ya , Zhang Yu , Zhang Yi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the influence of education level on scores in the Mandarin Chinese version of the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) among stroke patients and to provide guidance regarding the application and optimisation of the RUDAS.MethodsA total of 235 stroke patients were census sampled for an evaluation of cognitive function using the Mandarin Chinese version of the RUDAS. A test was carried out to analyze the differences in RUDAS scores between sexes, and one‐way analysis of variance and the Scheffe multiple comparison test were used to analyze the differences in RUDAS scores between age groups and between education levels. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Differential item functioning (DIF) analysis was performed using logistic regression. If P < 0.05, then an item was considered to exhibit DIF.ResultsThe overall education levels of the stroke patients were moderate. There was no significant difference in RUDAS scores based on education level or sex, but there was a difference between age groups. There were three items that exhibited DIF: square, internal line and external line.ConclusionRUDAS scores were not strongly influenced by education level, and most items were suitable for screening among stroke patients with different education levels. However, when drawing a cube, differences in education level should be taken into consideration.