bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
European common frog (Rana temporaria) recolonized Switzerland from multiple glacial refugia in northern Italy via trans‐ and circum‐Alpine routes
Authors: Jansen van Rensburg Alexandra , Robin Mathieu , Phillips Barret , Van Buskirk Josh 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe high mountain ranges of Western Europe had a profound effect on the biotic recolonization of Europe from glacial refugia. The Alps present a particularly interesting case because they form an absolute barrier to dispersal for most taxa, obstructing recolonization from multiple refugia in northern Italy. Here, we investigate the effect of the European Alps on the phylogeographic history of the European common frog Rana temporaria. Based on partial cytochrome b and COXI sequences from Switzerland, we find two mitochondrial lineages roughly north and south of the Alpine ridge, with contact zones between them in eastern and western Switzerland. The northern haplogroup falls within the previously identified Western European haplogroup, while the southern haplogroup is unique to Switzerland. We find that the lineages diverged ~110 kya, at approximately the onset of the last glacial glaciation; this indicates that they are from different glacial refugia. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that the northern and southern haplogroups colonized Switzerland via trans‐ and circum‐Alpine routes from at least two separate refugia in northern Italy. Our results illustrate how a complex recolonization history of the central European Alps can arise from the semi‐permeable barrier created by high mountains.
Molecular ratio of mature B‐type natriuretic peptide in acute heart failure: an indicator for ventricular contractile recovery
Authors: Kimura Akihisa , Takahama Hiroyuki , Nishikimi Toshio , Takashio Seiji , Hayashi Tomohiro , Nagai‐Okatani Chiaki , Nakagawa Yasuaki , Yasuda Satoshi , Anzai Toshihisa , Minamino Naoto , Izumi Chisato 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsThe methodology to distinguish between the heart failure (HF) with recovered ejection fraction (HFrecEF) and those with continuously reduced ejection fraction (EF) (HFcrEF) on admission has not been established. We recently demonstrated that the ratio of plasma levels of pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (proBNP) to total BNP (proBNP plus mature BNP) is decreased on admission in patients with mild acute HF, but not in severe acute HF as a compensatory mechanism for activating cyclic GMP via increases of bioactive mature BNP. We aimed to test the hypothesis that the ratio of bioactive mature BNP to total BNP is associated with reverse remodelling capacity in patients with HF with reduced EF.Methods and resultsPlasma proBNP and total BNP were measured in patients with acute decompensated HF by using specific and sensitive enzyme immunochemiluminescent assay. Estimated percent mature BNP (%emBNP) was calculated as ([total BNP − proBNP]/total BNP) × 100. We retrospectively identified the patients with reduced EF (≤40%, on admission) who had echocardiographic data after discharge (n = 93). We defined patients with increased EF by >10% during the follow‐up term (median, 545 days) after the admission as HFrecEF group. We compared patient characteristics, %emBNP, and other biomarkers between HFrecEF and HFcrEF. Of the enrolled patients with HFrecEF (n = 32) and HFcrEF (n = 61), on admission, %emBNP was significantly higher in HFrecEF than in HFcrEF (44.1% vs. 36.9%; P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in left ventricular EF on admission between the two groups. The univariate analysis revealed that %emBNP on admission was associated with HFrecEF occurrence rate (P < 0.05), in contrast both total BNP and high‐sensitive cardiac troponin‐T levels were not associated with HFrecEF occurrence rate.ConclusionsThe ratio of mature BNP to total BNP in plasma at the time of hospital admission may be predictive of left ventricular contractile recovery. Preservation of the capacity to convert proBNP to mature BNP, but not myocardial injury itself, is associated with future ventricular contractile recovery.
Health insurance and subjective well‐being: Evidence from two healthcare reforms in the United States
Authors: Kim Seonghoon , Koh Kanghyock 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe study the role of access to health insurance coverage as a determinant of individuals' subjective well‐being (SWB) by analyzing large‐scale healthcare reforms in the United States. Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we find that the 2006 Massachusetts reform and 2014 Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion improved the overall life satisfaction of Massachusetts residents and low‐income adults in Medicaid expansion states, respectively. The results are robust to various sensitivity and falsification tests. Our findings imply that access to health insurance plays an important role in improving SWB. Without considering psychological benefits, the actual benefits of health insurance may be underemphasized.
Biomarkers of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐driven head and neck cancer in Latin America and Europe study: Study design and HPV DNA/p16INK4a status
Authors: Sichero Laura , Tagliabue Marta , Mota Giana , Ferreira Silvaneide , Nunes Rafaella A. L. , Castañeda Carlos Arturo , Castillo Miluska , Correa Rita Mariel , Perdomo Sandra , Rodríguez‐Urrego Paula A. , Matos Leandro Luongo , Mohssen Ansarin , Gheit Tarik , Tommasino Massimo , Chiocca Susanna , Villa Luisa Lina ,   HEADLAcE Study Group
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV)‐driven head/neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) prevalence varies globally. We evaluated HPV DNA and p16INK4a in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) HNSCC from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru.MethodsHPV was genotyped by PCR‐hybridization. All HPV DNA positive and some HPV DNA negative cases underwent p16INK4a immunohistochemistry.ResultsHPV DNA was detected in 32.8%, 11.1%, and 17.8% of oropharyngeal (OPC), oral cavity (OCC) and laryngeal (LC) cancers, respectively. OPC HPV prevalence was higher in Colombia (94.7%), and Argentina (42.6%) compared to Brazil (10.6%) and Peru (0.0%). HPV‐16 was the most detected. Other HPVs were found in LC. Higher rates of p16INK4a positivity were observed among HPV positive OPC/OCC cases compared to LC cases.ConclusionsOur results support a role for HPV‐16 in a subset of HNSCC, corroborate the heterogeneity observed in samples from different countries, and contribute additional etiological and biomarkers information in tumors of significant impact worldwide.
Front Cover
Authors: Larios Gustavo , Ribeiro Matheus , Arruda Carla , Oliveira Samuel L. , Canassa Thalita , Baker Matthew J. , Marangoni Bruno , Ramos Carlos , Cena Cícero 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA new, fast and accurate method for Leishmaniasis diagnosis in dogs was developed by using canine blood serum infrared absorption data and artificial intelligence. Traditional tests usually show low specificity due to cross‐reaction with other diseases, use of chemicals and high cost. The new method is free of chemical reagents, easy to handle, low cost, and high specificity. Further details can be found in the article by Gustavo Larios, Matheus Ribeiro, Carla Arruda, Samuel L. Oliveira, Thalita Canassa, Matthew J. Baker, Bruno Marangoni, Carlos Ramos, and Cícero Cena (e202100141).
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Inside Front Cover
Authors: Guo Hongbo , Zhao Hengna , Yu Jingjing , He Xiaowei , He Xuelei , Song Xiaolei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study adopted a hybrid diffusion equation with third order simplified spherical harmonics model and proposed a novel Least Square QR factorization based on the Lasso algorithm to overcome the limitation of the single proton propagation model and enable fast iteration and accurate sparse reconstruction for X‐ray Luminescence Computed Tomography (XLCT). It achieves superior reconstruction performance in terms of location accuracy, spatial resolution and materializes a balance between accuracy and efficiency.Further details can be found in the article by Hongbo Guo, Hengna Zhao, Jingjing Yu, Xiaowei He, Xuelei He, and Xiaolei Song (e202100089).
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G‐CSF as a potential early biomarker for diagnosis of bloodstream infection
Authors: Li Huimin , Wang Zhen , Li Xuehua 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundCytokines play an important role in bacterial infection, and thus, we aim to find out cytokines that may be diagnostically significant in early stage of bacterial bloodstream infection.MethodsMice models infected with Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were established. Then dynamic changes of nine serum cytokines were monitored within 48 hours after the infection. Cytokines with significant differences between the infected groups and control group were further analyzed. Clinical samples of patients who were suspected of bloodstream infection were collected. Then the diagnostic efficiency of screened cytokines was determined with receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsAs for mice models infected by Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae, six cytokines including IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐12p70, G‐CSF, IFN‐γ, and TNF‐α were significantly different (P < .05) between two bacterial infected groups. As for clinical samples, three cytokines including IL‐6, IL‐12p70, and G‐CSF showed significant differences between infection group (Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia group) and negative control group. With the area under curve of 0.7350 and 0.6431 for G‐CSF and IL‐6, respectively, these two cytokines were significantly different between Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae infection groups. Combination of G‐CSF and IL‐6 could improve the AUC to 0.8136.ConclusionsG‐CSF cannot only identify bacterial bloodstream infection, but can also distinguish the infection of Staphylococcus aureus from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Further investigation should be performed concerning the diagnostic efficiency of G‐CSF in diagnosing different types of bacterial bloodstream infection.
Mental health among Latinx emerging adults: Examining the role of familial accusations of assimilation and ethnic identity
Authors: Thornhill Carly W. , Castillo Linda G. , Piña‐Watson Brandy , Manzo Gabriela , Cano Miguel Ángel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aims of this study are to investigate (1) how family response to acculturation (e.g., accusations of assimilation) is related to anxiety and depressive symptomatology for Latinx emerging adults. This study's goal is also to analyze (2) the extent to which ethnic identity components and gender moderate the respective associations.MethodCross‐sectional survey was completed by 200 Latinx emerging adults. Inclusion criteria involved reading English, ages 18–25, currently reside in Maricopa or Miami‐Dade Counties and self‐identify as Latinx. Analysis used hierarchical multiple regression and moderation analyses.ResultsFindings indicate that higher familial accusations of assimilation were associated with higher symptoms of depression and anxiety. Moderation analyses indicate that gender had a statistically significant interaction with accusations of assimilation in relation to symptoms of both depression and anxiety. A significant three‐way interaction between ethnic identity exploration, gender, and intracultural accusations of assimilation in relation to symptoms of depression interaction among men was found.ConclusionFindings from the study add to literature on the effect of intragroup marginalization on Latinx mental health and highlight gender differences. The ethnic identity component of exploration is found to be a protective factor for men which wanes over increasing levels of accusation of assimilation.
Palyno‐anatomical characters and their systematic significance in the family Apiaceae from Chitral, eastern Hindu Kush, Pakistan
Authors: Birjees Maimoona , Ahmad Mushtaq , Zafar Muhammad , Khan Aamir Shehzad , Ullah Izhar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present study was performed to provide a detailed explanation of leaf epidermal anatomy and pollen micromorphological features of selected species of family Apiaceae from Chitral, eastern Hindu Kush region as the basis of forthcoming studies. In the present article pollen morphology of eight species and foliar epidermal of seven species of family Apiaceae have been examined through microscopic techniques. In results two types of pollen prolate (five species) and perprolate (three species) with three colpi have been recorded. The exine ornamentation was found to be regulate, striate, and cerebroid. Largest pollen was found in Heracleum leucocarpum with the polar diameter of 43.25 μm and equatorial diameter of 21.6 μm. Smallest pollen was observed in Elaeosticta chitralica with the polar diameter of 18.4 μm. The P/E ratio varied from 1.59 to 2.16. Regarding to foliar epidermal anatomy, three types of epidermal cells including rectangular, irregular, and polygonal with variation in anticlinal wall pattern were determined. In the selected species three kinds of stomata comprising anisocytic, anomocytic, and paracytic type were reported in the current research. The size of epidermal cells ranged from 106 × 42.50 μm in Bupleurum falcatum subsp. cernuum and 77.25 × 26.35 μm in Prangos pabularia in adaxial surface. Largest stomatal complex was found in Prangos pabularia both in adaxial 33.55 × 20.05 μm and abaxial 50.25 × 39.40 μm. All the observed quantitative and qualitative features of the species were proved to be useful in the delimitation of species at generic and species level.
Genomic surveillance reveals the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 delta, beta, and gamma VOCs during the third wave in Pakistan
Authors: Umair Massab , Ikram Aamer , Salman Muhammad , Haider Syed Adnan , Badar Nazish , Rehman Zaira , Ammar Muhammad , Rana Muhammad Suleman , Ali Qasim 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern (VOCs) have emerged worldwide and gained significant importance due to their high transmissibility and global spread, thus meriting close monitoring. In Pakistan, limited information is available on circulation of these variants as the alpha variant has been reported the main circulating lineage. The current study was designed to detect and explore the genomic diversity of SARS‐CoV‐2 lineages circulating during the third wave of the pandemic in the indigenous population. From May 01 to June 09, 2021, a total of 16 689 samples were tested using TaqPath™ COVID‐19 kit for the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2. Overall, 2562 samples (15.4%) were COVID‐19 positive. Out of these positive samples, 2124 (12.7%) did not show the spike gene amplification (spike gene target failure ([SGTF]), whereas 438 (2.6%) showed spike gene amplification (non‐SGTF). A subset (n = 58/438) of non‐SGTF samples were randomly selected for whole‐genome sequencing. Among VOCs, 45% (n = 26/58) were delta, 46% (n = 27/58) were beta, and one was gamma variant. The delta variant cases were reported mainly from Islamabad (n = 15; 58%) followed by Rawalpindi and Azad Kashmir (n = 1; 4% each). Beta variant cases originated mainly from Karachi (n = 8; 30%) and Islamabad (n = 11; 41%) and the gamma variant case was reported in a traveler from Italy. The delta, beta, and gamma variants possessed lineage‐specific spike mutations. Notably, two rare mutations (E484Q and L5F) were found in the delta variant. Furthermore, in the beta variant, two significant rare non‐synonymous spike mutations (A879S and K444R) were also reported. High prevalence of beta and delta variants in local population may increase the number of cases in the near future and provides an early warning to national health authorities to take timely decisions and devise suitable interventions to contain a possible fourth wave.
Hybrid convergent ablation versus endocardial catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mhanna Mohammed , Beran Azizullah , Al‐Abdouh Ahmad , Ayesh Hazem , Sajdeya Omar , Srour Omar , Alsaiqali Mahmoud , Alhasanat Odai H. , Burmeister Cameron , Abumoawad Abdelrhman M. , Chacko Paul 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionEndocardial catheter ablation (ECA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) has limited efficacy. Hybrid convergent procedure (HCP) with both epicardial and endocardial ablation is a novel strategy for AF treatment. In this meta‐analysis, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HCP in AF ablation.MethodWe performed a comprehensive literature search for studies that evaluated the efficacy and safety of HCP compared with ECA for AF. The primary outcome was freedom of atrial arrhythmia (AA). The secondary outcome was the periprocedural complication rate. Pooled relative risk (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random effects model.ResultsA total of eight studies, including 797 AF patients (mean age: 60.7 ± 9.8 years, 366 patients with HCP vs. 431 patients with ECA alone), were included. HCP showed a higher rate of freedom of AA compared with ECA (RR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.13–1.94, p = .004). However, HCP was associated with higher rates of periprocedural complications (RR: 3.64, 95% CI: 2.06–6.43; p = .00001). Moreover, the HCP had a longer procedure time and postprocedural hospital stay.ConclusionsAlthough hybrid ablation was associated with a higher success rate, this should be judged for increased periprocedural adverse events and extended hospital stay. Prospective large‐scale randomized trials are needed to validate these results.
Effect of some physical perturbations and their interplay on Raman spectral line shapes in silicon: A brief review
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Tanwar Manushree 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRaman spectroscopy is a proven versatile tool for characterization of materials spanning almost all areas of science because of its ability to non‐invasively extract information about materials. This technique is able to detect any perturbation in a system that can affect the phonons. A detailed discussion on various factors that affect the Raman line shape for a material has been summarized here by taking the example of silicon. Methods to identify the actual reason(s) behind the observed Raman spectral line shape have also been briefly discussed. Raman line shape obtained from silicon nanostructures when analyzed closely along with their bulk counterparts, reveals important information about the quantum confinement in such systems characterized by the Bohr's exciton radius. Raman line‐shape parameters are analyzed closely to understand the influence of any perturbation like quantum confinement, heavy doping, temperature rise, pressure, excitation wavelength, electron–phonon interaction, and so on. Current review briefly deals with the origin of asymmetric Raman line shapes in (nano‐) silicon due to various physical perturbations and their interplays, which becomes the origin of different line shapes. Advantages of using Raman microscopy in analyzing subtler physical processes taking place in a semiconductor have also been underlined.
The Association of Pulmonary Flow Characteristics With Cardiac Function in Tricuspid Valve Malformation Fetuses
Authors: Liu Juanjuan , Cao Haiyan , Cui Li , Zhang Yi , Song Xiaoyan , Ma Jing , Shi Jiawei , Zhang Li , Hong Liu , Xie Mingxing 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesTo explore the relationship between cardiac function and pulmonary flow characteristics in tricuspid valve malformation (TVM) fetuses by conventional and speckle tracking echocardiography.MethodsEighty‐eight TVM fetuses were retrospectively included and compared with 80 normal controls. TVM fetuses in each trimester were divided into two subgroups according to pulmonary flow characteristics: those with normal pulmonary flow (TVM‐N) and those with reduced or absent pulmonary flow (TVM‐R/A). Cardiac measurements, Celermajer index, and Simpson‐Andrews‐Sharland (SAS) score were obtained. Speckle tracking echocardiography was used to compute ventricular deformation parameters.ResultsTVM fetuses demonstrated significantly lower global longitudinal strain (GLS) and strain rate for both ventricles than controls (all P < .05). When compared with TVM‐N, left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, LV fractional area change, right ventricular (RV) fractional area change, LVGLS, and RVGLS were significantly reduced (all P < .05), while the RV diameter Z‐score, RV/LV diameter, SAS score, and Celermajer index were obviously increased in TVM‐R/A in both trimesters (all P < .05). Both LVGLS and RVGLS correlated with cardiothoracic circumference ratio, RV diameter Z‐score, RV/LV diameter, Celermajer index, and SAS score (all P < .01). There was a slow decline for LVGLS and RVGLS in TVM‐N fetuses throughout the gestation. Conversely, these two parameters worsened rapidly in TVM‐R/A group.ConclusionsTVM fetuses present biventricular dysfunction by deformation analysis in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. TVM fetuses with reduced or absent pulmonary flow exhibit significantly greater impairment and more rapid deterioration of cardiac function, which may contribute to poor outcomes.
MiR‐15a‐3p regulates ferroptosis via targeting glutathione peroxidase GPX4 in colorectal cancer
Authors: Liu Liurong , Yao Huihui , Zhou Xin , Chen Junjie , Chen Guoliang , Shi Xinyu , Wu Guanting , Zhou Guoqiang , He Songbing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer‐related deaths throughout the world. Ferroptosis is a recently regulated form of cell death, lately gains attention. MicroRNA‐15a‐3p (miR‐15a‐3p) plays a regulatory role in various kinds of cancers. However, the role of miR‐15a‐3p in cellular ferroptosis is still unclear. Here, we aimed to clarify whether miR‐15a‐3p could regulate the ferroptosis of CRC. Here we identified miR‐15a‐3p positively regulates ferroptosis via directly targeting glutathione peroxidase glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in CRC. Overexpression of miR‐15a‐3p repressed GPX4 through binding to the 3′‐untranslated region of GPX4, resulting in increased reactive oxygen species level, intracellular Fe2+ level, and malondialdehyde accumulation in vitro and in vivo. Correspondingly, suppression of miR‐15a‐3p reduced the sensitivity of CRC cells to erastin and GPX4. Taken together, these data demonstrate that miR‐15a‐3p regulates ferroptosis through targeting GPX4 in CRC cells, illustrating the novel role of microRNA in ferroptosis.