bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Copepods as Natural Feed For Fish Hatchery: Formulated Diet For Copepods, Acartia spp., Mass Culture
Authors: Yusup D S , Subagio J , Kurdi  , Proborini M W 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
High nutritious natural food for larval fish at a hatchery is copepods. However, the use of copepod for fish hatchery in Indonesia has not developed yet, it is related to the constrain on copepod mass culture. The species of Copepod that has been widely used is Acartia spp.. The objective of this study was to determine the formulated diet for Acartia spp. mass culture. Four formulated diets were the combination of three materials i.e. i.e. fish meal, PSP meal and krill meal. The diets were applied in 1500 L mass culture. The finding of this study emphasize that feed formula PS-P + krill (TR) is considered as the promising feed for Acartia spp mass culture. This finding also indicates that in the incoming time it is crucial to develop copepods feed to boost copepods production by including marine algae that exclusively produce Omega-3 fatty acid EPA and DHA, the nutrients play a vital role in copepods reproduction and growth
Substitution of commercial feed with moringa leaf meal to improve the sperm quality of male rabbit
Authors: Suarni N M R , Ermayanti N G A M , Wirasiti N N , Mahardika I G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The aims of this study were to find out the effects of moringa leaf meal substitution in commercial feed on the sperm quality of male rabbits (bucks). Twenty four months old male rabbits with an average live weight of 1200g were used in this study. There were four treatments in this study including 0% (K0) as control and 15% (K1), 30% (K2), 45% (K3) substitution of moringa leaf meal in commercial feed and each treatment consisted of six replicates. The treatments were carried out for two months. The variables measured were including motility, viability, morphology and the total of sperm. The results showed that there were significant differences (P <0.05) between all treatments (K1, K2, K3) and the control (K0). Substitution of moringa leaf meal up to 45% in commercial feed increase quality of sperm (motility, viability, morphology and the total of sperm. The optimal substitution of moringa leaf meal in commercial feed in this study was 30%. It was concluded that the moringa leaf meal might be substituted in commercial feed up to 45 % to improve the sperm quality of male rabbits (bucks). To get maximum sperm quality of male rabbits it should be better substituted the commercial feed with moringa leaf meal as much as 32.31% - 35.07%.
Quality Characteristics of Biodegradable Film Prepared From Duck Feet Gelatin
Authors: Shaari Syuzeliana , Huda Nurul , Sulaiman Mohd Rosni , Nafchi Abdorreza Mohammadi , Zakaria Zarinah 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Biodegradable films containing different concentrations of duck feet gelatin (DFG) (2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5%) were produced, and their mechanical and physicochemical properties were measured and compared to those of biodegradable films made from commercial bovine gelatin (CBG). Gel strength of DFG (306.96 g) was significantly higher than that of CBG (216.78 g). Elongation at break (EAB), thickness, and water vapour permeability of DFG films significantly increased as the concentration of gelatin increased. Films with DFG concentration of 3.5% had the EAB value 33.00, compare to CBG with EAB value 25.56%. DFG films exhibit significantly lower water solubility compared to CBG films. Water solubility of films with DFG concentration of 3.5% is 32.37%, meanwhile for CBG is 48.74%. Both of the gelatin films prepared from DFG and CBG were transparent, as indicated by the high L*, ranging from 94.64 to 96.01 for DFG and 95.54 to 96.06 for CBG sources. These results indicate that DFG has great potential for future application as a source material for production of gelatin-based biodegradable films.
The Effect of Tempe Substitution and Addition of Carrot Puree on The Acceptability and Nutritional Value of Sausages for Snacks for School Children
Authors: Azizi Elsa Carla , Bahar Asrul , Adi Annis Catur 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Snacks for school children were generally only high in carbohydrates and fats, but low in protein, therefore it was necessary to study the juveniles of high-protein school children but the price was relatively cheap. This study aims to determine the effect of tempeh substitution and the addition of carrot puree to the acceptability and nutritional value of sausages for snacks for school children. Organoleptic test results were statistically analyzed using the Friedman non-parametric test and if there were significant differences then to find out the different pairs the Wilcoxon test was used with α = 0.05. Determination of the best formula was taken from the highest average value of the overall acceptance of carrot tempe sausage. Laboratory test data for nutrient content were analyzed with a single ANOVA and followed by Duncan test if the treatment affected certain parameters. Tempe substitution and the addition of carrot puree significantly influence on the taste and aroma of sausages, but did not significantly influence on the color and thickness of sausages. The best sausage product based on panelist acceptance was F1 formula. Tempeh substitution and addition of carrot puree significantly influence to the content of all nutritional parameters analyzed. The best sausage product based on nutrient content was F1 formula with protein content per 100 grams of sausage of 16.62 ± 0.45 grams and could meet the standard levels of protein in commercial sausages (minimum 13.00%) and was able to meet 33.24% of the protein requirements in the RDA children aged 10-12 years.
The Effect of Competency and Entrepreneurial Motivation on Nopia Snack Business in Banyumas District
Authors: Pangestika Tria Widi , Watemin  , Budiningsih Sulistyani 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The development of the business is running rapidly nowadays, especially small and medium enterprises that are competing in processing and utilizing agricultural product. One of small and medium business that is developing in Banyumas Sub-District is Nopia snack. Yet this business faced many problems which include internal and external. As internal problem, this small industry is dominated by small-scale businesses that have limited human resource, low level of education, and small capital. As external problem, the business too much relies on to wholesalers. This study aims to find out the profile of entrepreneurs and to analyse the influence of entrepreneurial competence and motivation on the successful of Nopia Snack business in Banyumas District. Descriptive analysis, likert scale and multiple linear regression analysis were used in this research. The F results show the F arithmetic is 102.8 and F table is 3.25 (F artithmetic > F table) and the significance value in the table is 0.000 or less than the 0.05 significance level. The successful of Nopia Snack business was significantly influenced by entrepreneurial competencies and motivation.
Chemical Compounds From The Antibacterial Active Fraction Of Cordyline fruticosa (L)
Authors: Elfita  , Muharni  , Mardiyanto  , Fitrya  
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Cordyline fruticosa (L) known as dehuang, belongs to the family Agavaceae. The chemical constituents of this plant includes steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and saponins. The secondary metabolites of the genus Cordyline have various biological activities, one of which is antibacterial. The antibacterial compounds can be applied to many fields such as food, drinks, and medicines. The stem of C. fruticosa was extracted by maceration in a gradient solvent namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Each fraction was evaporated using a rotary evaporator and their antibacterial activity was determined using the Kirby Bauer method against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi as Gram negative, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis as Gram positive. The chemical compounds were isolated from antibacterial active fractions by chromatographic techniques and their chemical structures were identified by spectroscopic methods. Two compounds were obtained from the ethyl acetate fraction as a steroid and triterpenoid.
The Development Strategy of Dampit Coffee Ecotourism To Improve the Rural Economy (A Case Study in Amadanom Village, Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia)
Authors: Priminingtyas Dina Novia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Coffee is a plantation that has a significant contribution to the economy in Indonesia. One of the centers of coffee production in Indonesia is in East Java Province, including in Dampit District, Malang Regency. At present, the development of Dampit coffee is not only related to its production and marketing but also related to the development of Dampit coffee ecotourism managed by farmer groups Tani Makmur as a strategy to promote Dampit coffee. The purpose of this research are to study the internal and external environment and to analyze the development strategy of Dampit coffee ecotourism in Dampit District, Malang Regency, East Java. The problems that occur in Dampit coffee ecotourism have not been managed optimally, the facilities are still limited and the lack of promotion so that there are few visitors. Therefore, the synergy between all parties including farmer groups, village officials, local government and the private sector needs to be improved.
The Effect of Illumination on Work Result in Sorting Department
Authors: Wahyuni Dini , Panjaitan Nismah , Budiman Irwan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to perform well and obtain a good result, working in a company requires conducive working conditions. Working conditions can be physical environment or a social organizational environment. The physical environment is including temperature, humidity, and illumination. The research was conducted in the sortation activity in the printing and plastic industries which were done separately. The workers in both industries have a task to separate defective products in the production. The lack of illumination conditions causes many defective products pass the inspection. This condition leads to complaints from customers because they receive the product that does not comply with the specification. This research was conducted through observation of the sortation activities, measurement of illumination level in the workspace, and identification the number of defective products which pass the inspection. Determination of the measurement points is done by dividing working areas by the grids based on room width and referring to SNI 16-7062-2004. Based on the observation results, Product Moment Pearson is used to seeing how much the influence of illumination levels to work result. This level of influence becomes the reference of the recommendations to improve working result in sorting department. It is recommended to increase the number of lumen lamps that use the existing lighting installation to meet the required level of illumination.
ISSR and RAPD primers selection for assessing genetic diversity of Enhalusacoroides (L.f.) Royle
Authors: Pharmawati M , Wrasiati L P , Yowani S C 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) are common PCR-based molecular markers used to study genetic diversity both between and within species. One of important steps in ISSR and RAPD analyses is primer selection to obtain bright PCR products. The aim of this study was to select ISSR and RAPD primers that produced scorable fragments of PCR product for genetic diversity evaluation of seagrass Enhalusacoroides (L.f.) Royle. The study also aimed to compare ISSR and RAPD technique in producing informative fragments. Enhalusacoroides is one seagrass species widely distributed in Indonesia. Seagrass samples were collected from Sanur Coastal Water and from Nusa Dua Coastal Water. DNA was extracted using CTAB method. Ten ISSR primers and eight RAPD primers were tested. Results showed that RAPD was more informative than ISSR. Among ten ISSR primers, only four primers resulted in scorable fragments in all samples, and only one among those primers gave polymorphic pattern. As many as 15 fragments have resulted from three ISSR primers and only 1 fragment was polymorphic. All RAPD primers produced scorable products, and three primers resulted in polymorphic fragments. A total of 42 RAPD fragments were produced and 4 from them were polymorphic fragments
Eco-Friendly Catechin’s Gambir Extraction Using an Ultrasonic Bath
Authors: Anggraini Tuty , Aini Latifa , Rini  , Neswati  , Asben Alfi , Syukri Daimon 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Gambir is an extract from the gambir plant (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) which has high economic value and potential for development. In Indonesia, the largest gambier-producing region is West Sumatra where traditional methods are still used for the processes of harvesting, steaming, pressing, clumping, draining, printing, and drying. Traditionally processed gambir products generally have a variety of catechins which need to be removed to improve purity. In this study, a range of treatments was trialed to do this using readily available equipment and no dangerous chemicals so they could be easily used by local farmers. It was expected that the appropriate treatment will result in higher quality gambir that can be sold at a higher price. The highest antioxidant activity (1.8940 mg/ml) and catechin levels (933.45 µg / mg) were obtained using the ultrasonic extraction process for 90 minutes. The highest polyphenol content was found in gambir without ultrasonic treatment and was 5.0776 mg/ml
The Response of Juvenile Olive Turtle, Lepidochelys olivacea : The Inclusion of Dried Seaweed and Seagrass in Fish Based-Formulated Feed
Authors: Yusup D S , Rayi Arimurti A , Kusumayuni L P E , Proborini M W 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A common efforts to improve the survivorship of sea turtle in Indonesia is cage nursery program and fed single food type i.e. fresh fish. Such effort, however, has some constrains such as availability and the sea turtle would tend to be habituated because of single-continuous feeding type. Eventually, it could have impact on to their feeding behaviour and survivorship when it is released to the nature. This study concerns on using easily found dried material suh as fish, sea grass and sea weed. Four feeds type i.e. Fish Pellet (FP); F-Syringodium sp pellet (FSp); Fish-Ulva sp pellet (FUp) and fresh fish (FF)- control, were tested. Completely Randomised Design (CRD) with three replication were applied (totally 9 units + 1 unt for control), four individuals for each experiment unit (totally 40 individuals). The feed are given twice a day (i.e. 8 am and 16 pm). The experiment was run for 8 weeks and sampling of growth response were 2 weeks interval. The results showed that the Fish pellet (FP) resulted in superior response for all criterion ( body weight, length and width of carapace) compared to by fish fresh fish (FF), F-Syringodium sp pellet (FSp) and Fish-Ulva sp pellet (FUp). Daily growth (body weight) were significantly different between diet i.e. 0.71±0.19.g/d, 0.54±0.40 g/d, 0.35±0.77g/d and 0.24±0.30g/d for fish pellet (FP), fresh fish (FF), F-Syringodium sp pellet (FSp) and Fish-Ulva sp pellet (FUp) consecutively (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, the response of carapace length and carapace wide were not significantly different between diets (P > 0.05). The food ratio were FCR > 6 classified low, the efficient feed type (lowest FCR) was shown by fish pllet (FP) feed (i.e. 6.79) and the least efficient (high FCR) was shown by pellet of fish + Ulva sp (FUp) i.e. 24,6. The analysis of body weight – carapace length relationship showed negative allometric (b < 3). The economical analysis on feed production budget indicated that pellet of fish feed (FP) was the highest price, such high cost is due to high price of binder (i.e. CMC). Overall. Overall, the study emphasised that fish pellet feed (FP) was potential feed type to substitute conventional feed i.e. fresh fish for pre released juvenile Olive sea turtle at cage nursery.
Determination of Value-Added and Contributing Organization in the Development of Coconut Water-Based Agro Industry
Authors: Mardesci Hermiza , Santosa  , Nazir Novizar , Hadiguna Rika Ampuh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Agroindustry is one of alternatives to elevate the income, both community and country. Therefore, agrarian countries strives to develop the prospective agroindustry by utilizing their own natural resources. Indonesia is one of the world’s top coconut producers and one of its national largest producers are located in Indragiri Hilir, Riau Province. Not only coconut flesh processing, coconut water-based industry is widely found in Indragiri Hilir. The coconut water can be processed into high value-added products, such as nata de coco, candy, soy sauce and syrup. To evaluate its value-added of processed coconut water-based products, analysis of value-added is required to be performed. Moreover, to support the development of coconut water-based agro industry, the presence of supporting organization is also a critical point that should be taken into account. This study was aimed to determine the value-added of coconut water-based products and the contributing institution related to the development of coconut water-based agro industry. Determination of contributing organization was conducted descriptively using the AHP method through questionnaire distribution, interview and literature study. Seven respondents, consisting of academician, extension officer and staff from the local plantation office, were used in this study. Analysis of value-added was performed using Hayami method. The results of this study revealed that the coconut water-based product contributing the highest value-added was candy with IDR 69,980.8/kg. Other products showed relatively low value-added, such as syrup (IDR 23,674.2/kg), soy sauce (IDR 5,220.2/kg) and nata de coco (IDR 960.52/kg), respectively. Type of organization contributing the highest expectation weight (47.8%) resulted from the village-owned enterprise (BumDes).
Primary Macro Nutrient Content, Root Growth, and Crop Growth Analysis of Local Rice Varieties with Intermittent and Continuous Flooding Irrigation
Authors: Isnawan Bambang Heri , Supriyono  , Supriyadi  , Samanhudi  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An Intermittent irrigation method of rice cultivation aims to reduce water requirements. In Indonesia local rice varieties have the potential to produce high-yielding rice with the itermittent irrigation method to meet food needs in Indonesia. The study about Nutrient uptake, root development, and crop growth analysis of several local rice varieties with intermittent irrigation method aims to determine the suitability of intermittent and continuous flooding irrigation techniques on local rice varieties and to study the response of various local rice varieties to the Nutrient uptake, root development, and crop growth analysis. The research has been conducted on the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. The method used was the experimental method carried out with field research with an 4 x 2 factorial design of the treatment arranged in a Randomized Completely Block Design with 3 replications. The first factor was rice varieties which consist of 4 varieties, i.e. Rojolele, Pandanwangi, Mentik Wangi, and Ciherang. The second factor was the method of irrigation consisting of 2 kinds, i.e. intermittent irrigation and continuous flooding. Data was analysed with analysis of variance and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at α=5%. The results showed that rice varieties had different responses to macro nutrient uptake. The number of productive tillers of the Cianjur, Rojolele genjah, and Ciherang varieties is greater than the Mentikwangi variety, while the total number of tillers of the Rojolele variety is even greater than the Mentikwangi variety. SRI irrigation can increase the harvest index, whereas conventional irrigation has a higher Crop Growth Rate than SRI irrigation.
Effect Fermentation of Sugarcane Shoots With Phanerochaetechrysosoporiumon the Activity of Lacase Enzymes, Lignin Peroxidase and Manganese Peroxidase
Authors: Astuti Tri , Jamarun Novirman , Arief  , Yanti Gusri 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSugarcane shoots are very potential for make feed because there are quite a lot of them. Efforts to use sugarcane shoots by products have been carried out but it is still not optimal. One strategy that can be done is to use it as fermented feed. Main constraints on use of sugarcane shoots for animal feed are nutritional value, low digestibility and high lignin. Lignin physically and chemically is a major factor in the inability of livestock to digest feed ingredients. Fungi that have the ability to degrade high lignin are fungi which are included in the white rot fungi. One of them is Phanerochaetechrysosporium which is known to produce enzyme lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lacase. Phanerochaetechrysosporium is one of the fungi could break down the bonds and degradate lignin with the help of lignin degrading enzymes. In this study sugarcane shoots were fermented using Phanerochaetechrysosporium. This method study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments inoculum dose A (0%), B (5%), C (10%), D (15%) with 5 replications. Data processing by analysis of variance (ANOVA), if it was significantly different in further testing with DMRT. Results showed that treatment C (10%) was the best dose that could be used with the production of lacase enzyme activity 2.016 U / ml, Lignin Peroxidase (LiP) 1.677 U / ml and Manganese peroxidase (MnP) 0.328 U / ml.
Effectiveness of Biopelet Combination of Biochar, Chicken Manure and Fish Waste To Improvement of Chemical Properties of Sandy Soil and Soybean Plant Growth
Authors: Winarso Sugeng , Hermiyanto Bambang , Romadhona Sukron , Pandutama Martinus H. , Setiawati Tri Candra , Indasah  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Most of the activities of the use of organic fertilizers and natural additions of organic matter in agricultural intensification fields in Indonesia have not been able to compensate for the rate of decline in soil organic matter by the decomposition process. Biochar has high C levels and has The mean residence time (MRT) in long period in the soils. It was proven that biochar application may increase soil Carbon but has not been able to increase the production of plant. Therefore the use of biochar combined with organic waste rich in nutrients is important to be developed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of some biochar compositions with sugar cane, chicken manure, fish waste in the form of biopelet fertilizer on improving the chemical properties of sandy soils and the vegetative growth of soybean plants. This study used a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with 2 factors, namely: the first factor (B): the composition of Biochar consisted of 3 levels, namely: 1) 70% biochar, 15% chicken manure, 15% fish waste (B1), 2) 50 % biochar, 25% chicken manure, 25% fish waste (B2), 3) 20% biochar, 40% chicken manure, 40% fish waste and the second factor were (D): The dose of biopelet fertilizers, consists of 4 levels, namely: 1) Control (D0 ), 2) 2.5 tons.ha-1 (D1), 3) 5 tons.ha-1 (D2), 4) 10 tons.ha-1 (D3). The results showed that the addition of biopelet fertilizer can effectively improve soil chemical properties (pH, C-organic, and CEC) and the availability of NPK of the sandy soil. The effectiveness of increasing the N-total of soil varies by an average of 32.42 to 75.79%; followed by available P varies between 17.46 to 40.69%, and Kexch between 8.7 to 25.67%. Improvement of soil chemical properties and the availability of NPK by biopelet fertilizer applications could increase plant growth, but reduce the weight of root nodules.