bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Regulatory T Cell Numbers with Disease Tolerance upon Virus Infection
Authors: Graham Jessica B , Swarts Jessica L , Edwards Kristina R , Voss Kathleen M , Green Richard , Jeng Sophia , Miller Darla R , Mooney Michael A , McWeeney Shannon K , Ferris Martin T , Pardo-Manuel de Villena Fernando , Gale Michael , Lund Jennifer M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The goal of a successful immune response is to clear the pathogen while sparing host tissues from damage associated with pathogen replication and active immunity. Regulatory T cells (Treg) have been implicated in maintaining this balance as they contribute both to the organization of immune responses as well as restriction of inflammation and immune activation to limit immunopathology. To determine if Treg abundance prior to pathogen encounter can be used to predict the success of an antiviral immune response, we used genetically diverse mice from the collaborative cross infected with West Nile virus (WNV). We identified collaborative cross lines with extreme Treg abundance at steady state, either high or low, and used mice with these extreme phenotypes to demonstrate that baseline Treg quantity predicted the magnitude of the CD8 T cell response to WNV infection, although higher numbers of baseline Tregs were associated with reduced CD8 T cell functionality in terms of TNF and granzyme B expression. Finally, we found that abundance of CD44+ Tregs in the spleen at steady state was correlated with an increased early viral load within the spleen without an association with clinical disease. Thus, we propose that Tregs participate in disease tolerance in the context of WNV infection by tuning an appropriately focused and balanced immune response to control the virus while at the same time minimizing immunopathology and clinical disease. We hypothesize that Tregs limit the antiviral CD8 T cell function to curb immunopathology at the expense of early viral control as an overall host survival strategy.
Compensatory IgM to the Rescue: Patients with Selective IgA Deficiency Have Increased Natural IgM Antibodies to MAA–LDL and No Changes in Oral Microbiota
Authors: Mella Miia A , Lavrinienko Anton , Akhi Ramin , Hindström Rasmus , Nissinen Antti E , Wang Chunguang , Kullaa Arja , Salo Tuula , Auvinen Juha , Koskimäki Janne J , Hörkkö Sohvi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
IgA is the most abundant Ab in the human body. However, most patients with selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD) are asymptomatic. IgM, and to lesser extent IgG Abs, are generally presumed to compensate for the lack of IgA in SIgAD by multiplying and adopting functions of IgA. We used data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 to investigate whether SIgAD patients have differences in levels of natural Abs to oxidized epitopes compared with 20 randomly selected healthy controls. First, we screened the saliva and serum samples from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 cohort (n = 1610) for IgA concentration. We detected five IgA-deficient subjects, yielding a prevalence of 0.3%, which is consistent with the general prevalence of 0.25% in the Finnish population. To detect natural Abs, we used malondialdehyde acetaldehyde–low-density lipoprotein (MAA–LDL), an Ag known to bind natural Abs. In this study, we show that natural secretory IgM and IgG Abs to MAA–DL were significantly increased in subjects with SIgAD. Given that secretory IgA is an important part of mucosal immune defense and that, in the gut microbiota, dysbiosis with SIgAD patients has been observed, we characterized the oral bacterial microbiota of the subjects with and without SIgAD using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found no significant alterations in diversity and composition of the oral microbiota in subjects with SIgAD. Our data suggest that increased levels of secretory natural Abs in patients with SIgAD could be a compensatory mechanism, providing alternative first-line defense against infections and adjusting mucosal milieu to maintain a healthy oral microbiota.
The Effect of Memorizing the Quran on Cognitive Functions
Authors: Sirin Sumeyye , Metin Baris , Tarhan Nevzat 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Memorizing the Quran is an education continuing from the early periods of Islamic education until today. Although this education started in the past to protect the Quran, nowadays, it is continuing as a tradition.

Aims and Objectives:
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of memorizing the Quran on certain cognitive functions of individuals.

Materials and Methods:
The scope of the study is limited to 18 female and 15 male students who have been studying in the 5th, 6th, and 7th grades of Anatolian Imam Preacher Secondary Schools in different districts of İstanbul. After Demographic Information Questionnaire was used, California Verbal Learning Test children's version, Wechsler Memory Scale revised visual reproduction subtest, Trail Making Test, and Verbal Fluency Test were applied twice to collect data about individuals before and after memorization training.

Results:
Findings demonstrated that there is a statistically significant difference in verbal learning, visual learning, attention speed, and phonemic and semantic fluency before and after memorization training.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, memorizing the Quran has positive impacts on verbal and visual memory, attention processes, and lexical and semantic fluency of individuals. It is important with regard to eliminate emptiness in the literature. In future studies, it can be investigated the effects of textual memorization in a foreign language on brain structures and connections.
Comparison of Job Satisfaction, Work–Life Quality, and Compassion Level between Psychologists and Psychological Counselors
Authors: Tahincioglu Dilara , Donmezler Suleyman , Erensoy Habib , Berkol Tonguc Demir 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
Various studies have been conducted in the literature on job satisfaction, work-related quality of life, and compassion with different sample groups. Our aim is to compare psychologists and psychological counselors (PC) in terms of these variables.

Methods:
It consists of 60 participants; 41 women and 19 men, 30 psychologists and 30 PC, aged between 23 and 52 years, working in schools, clinics, hospitals, and other institutions. Participants filled out a sociodemographic information form and were subjected to the Minnesota job satisfaction scale, the work-related quality of life scale, and the compassion scale.

Ethical Aspect of the Study:
This study was approved by the T.R. University of Üsküdar, Non-Interventional Studies Ethics Committee.

Results:
It was determined that as the age of psychologists and PC increases, their level of disconnection decreases in terms of compassion (r = −0.264; P = 0.041); thus, their ability to create a rapport increases with age, their compassion fatigue decreases as the workplace changes (r = −0.256; P = 0.048), their job satisfaction decreases as the noise level in the workplace increases (r = −0.433; P = 0.001), their job satisfaction increases as the work-related quality of life increases (r = 0.373; P = 0.003), their humaneness increases as their professional satisfaction increases, and their level of indifference and conscious awareness decreases as their compassion fatigue increases.

Conclusion:
Compassion fatigue is considered to be more related to the traumatic burden of the work done, because as the frequency of workplace changes increases, compassion fatigue decreases. The findings indicate that psychologists and PCs not only need to have suitable working areas available for their work but also need to change their work fields from time to time. It can be argued that the job satisfaction and work-related quality of life of psychologists and PCs working in private clinics are higher than those working in schools; moreover, the reason for the lower levels of burnouts may be due to the noise levels, as well as the workload at the workplace, other occupational groups, and the culture of the institution.
INFLUENCE OF MILLIMETER RANGE ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES ON HEMOLYSIS KINETICS OF RAT BLOOD ERYTHROCYTES
Authors: Shahinyan M.A. , Mikaelyan M.S. , Nerkararyan A.V. 
Published: April 2021

The effect of millimeter range electromagnetic waves (MM EMW) on kinetics of acidic hemolysis of rat blood erythrocytes has been studied. It was shown that MM EMW affect the duration of erythrocyte hemolysis and this change depends on MM EMW exposure and frequency. At the irradiation by frequencies 41.8 and 42.2 GHz the acidic hemolysis occurs quicker at all durations of the irradiation compared to the control. At the irradiation by 50.3 and 51.8 GHz the hemolysis takes place quicker as well, as compared to the control at short durations of the irradiation. At the exposure 60 min the hemolysis start is delayed.
Avaliação da contaminação por bactérias em cédulas e moedas circulantes em cantina do Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda - UniFOA
Authors: Pereira Carlos Alberto Sanches , Pêgas Sabrina Silva , Rabello Beatriz , Kiryu Eduardo Massahide Kawakami , Mello Fernanda Assis 
Published: April 2021

RESUMO Objetos de uso comum e com intensa circulação, assim como as cédulas e moedas, podem albergar uma grande variedade de agentes patogênicos e também transmiti-los de forma fácil e eficiente. Dessa maneira o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a presença de bactérias, existentes em cédulas e moedas circulantes em uma das cantinas do Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda. Para tanto, as cédulas e moedas foram acondicionadas em um saco plástico e encaminhadas para análise no laboratório. Com auxilio de um swab foram extraídos das mesmas o material a ser analisado, seguindo de diluições decimais, as quais foram plaqueadas em placas de Petri com ágar Mueller Hinton e mantidas a 37ºC por 24 horas. Nas moedas as maiores médias encontradas foram n os exemplares de R$ 1,00 com média de 133,3 UFC/moeda e nas moedas de R$ 0,05 com a média de 166,6 UFC/moeda, as menores médias foram encontradas nas moedas de R$ 0,10 com 50 UFC/moeda; R$ 0,25 com 10 UFC/moeda e nos exemplares de R$ 0,50 com quantitativo de 6,6 UFC/moeda, sendo esta a menor media encontrada. Nas cédulas, as maiores médias foram encontradas nos exemplares de R$ 50,00 com 4.873 UFC/cédula e R$ 10,00 com 426,6 UFC/cédula, as menores médias foram encontradas nos exemplares de R$20,00 com 213,3 UFC/cédula; R$ 5,00 com 183,3 UFC/cédula e nas de R$ 2,00 146,6 UFC/cédula. Com base nos resultados, pode-se concluir que cédulas e moedas apresentaram-se contaminadas e que este tipo de contaminação representa risco a saúde pública principalmente se seus manipuladores portarem algum grau de imunodeficiência. Palavras-chave: Cédulas, Moedas, Contaminação bacteriana.
Ocorrência de ovos de Ancylostoma spp. em amostras de fezes de gatos (Felis catus LINNAEUS, 1758) domiciliados em uma área escolar da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Authors: Andrade Viviane Abreu de , Da Costa Marco Antonio Ferreira , Barbosa Júlio Vianna 
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo realizar o inquérito coproparasitológico para protozoários e helmintos de uma amostra da população de gatos, que vivia na área de uma escola localizada na Zona Norte do Município do Rio de Janeiro. Foram colhidas e processadas 24 amostras de fezes de acordo com o método de diagnóstico de centrífugo-flutuação em solução de sacarose (d=1,203g/cm3). Foram encontrados ovos de Ancylostoma spp. em 95,8% (23/24) das amostras analisadas. A elevada taxa de amostras positivas apontou a necessidade de aplicação de medidas de controle do parasitismo intestinal da população de gatos da área estudada, além de medidas educativas, destinadas à proteção da saúde animal e humana. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que a área escolar estudada apresentava potencial risco zoonótico para aquisição de Larva migrans cutânea.
La contribución de las alianzas a los poderes del presidente
Authors: Miranda Baires Danilo Alberto 
Published: April 2021

Como prolegómeno, el autor hace una breve descripción de las relaciones ejecutivo legislativo en un sistema presidencialista para tener una perspectiva amplia sobre el objeto de estudio. Posteriormente hace una descripción de los poderes constitucionales del presidente y analiza, en primera instancia, los poderes legislativos (veto, decreto, iniciativa exclusiva y presupuesto) para pasar a dar un vistazo a los poderes no legislativos (formación del gabinete y censura). A continuación hace un análisis de los poderes partidarios y aborda el tema de las coaliciones. El propósito de estas páginas es mostrar cómo la conformación de alianzas ha facilitado a los presidentes de la república impulsar su alianza. En consecuencia, esas alianzas deben ser consideradas en la discusión de los poderes presidenciales, cuestión a la que no se le ha dado la relevancia que amerita. El fundamento de este trabajo está en lo hecho hasta ahora y en evidencia empírica, recolectada para este fin. Asimismo, se echa mano de la política comparada para introducir la perspectiva regional.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 61, No. 696, 2006: 939-956.
Ensemble prediction using a new dataset of ECMWF initial states – OpenEnsemble 1.0
Authors: Ollinaho Pirkka , Carver Glenn D. , Lang Simon T. K. , Tuppi Lauri , Ekblom Madeleine , Järvinen Heikki 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Ensemble prediction is an indispensable tool in modern numerical weather prediction (NWP). Due to its complex data flow, global medium-range ensemble prediction has almost exclusively been carried out by operational weather agencies to date. Thus, it has been very hard for academia to contribute to this important branch of NWP research using realistic weather models. In order to open ensemble prediction research up to the wider research community, we have recreated all 50+1 operational IFS ensemble initial states for OpenIFS CY43R3. The dataset (OpenEnsemble 1.0) is available for use under a Creative Commons licence and is downloadable from an https server. The dataset covers 1 year (December 2016 to November 2017) twice daily. Downloads in three model resolutions (TL159, TL399, and TL639) are available to cover different research needs. An open-source workflow manager, called OpenEPS, is presented here and used to launch ensemble forecast experiments from the perturbed initial conditions. The deterministic and probabilistic forecast skill of OpenIFS (cycle 40R1) using this new set of initial states is comprehensively evaluated. In addition, we present a case study of Typhoon Damrey from year 2017 to illustrate the new potential of being able to run ensemble forecasts outside of major global weather forecasting centres.
Late Cretaceous to Paleogene exhumation in central Europe – localized inversion vs. large-scale domal uplift
Authors: von Eynatten Hilmar , Kley Jonas , Dunkl István , Hoffmann Veit-Enno , Simon Annemarie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Large parts of central Europe experienced exhumation
in Late Cretaceous to Paleogene time. Previous studies mainly focused on
thrusted basement uplifts to unravel the magnitude, processes and timing of
exhumation. This study provides, for the first time, a comprehensive
thermochronological dataset from mostly Permo-Triassic strata exposed
adjacent to and between the basement uplifts in central Germany, comprising
an area of at least some 250–300 km across. Results of apatite fission-track
and (U–Th) / He analyses on > 100 new samples reveal that (i) kilometre-scale exhumation affected the entire region, (ii) thrusting of basement
blocks like the Harz Mountains and the Thuringian Forest focused in the Late
Cretaceous (about 90–70 Ma), while superimposed domal uplift of central
Germany is slightly younger (about 75–55 Ma), and (iii) large parts of the
domal uplift experienced removal of 3 to 4 km of Mesozoic strata. Using
spatial extent, magnitude and timing as constraints suggests that thrusting
and crustal thickening alone can account for no more than half of the domal
uplift. Most likely, dynamic topography caused by upwelling asthenosphere
significantly contributed to the observed pattern of exhumation in
central Germany.
The transferability of adjoint inversion products between different ice flow models
Authors: Barnes Jowan M. , Dias dos Santos Thiago , Goldberg Daniel , Gudmundsson G. Hilmar , Morlighem Mathieu , De Rydt Jan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Among the most important challenges faced by ice flow models is how to represent basal and rheological conditions, which are challenging to obtain from direct observations. A common practice is to use numerical inversions to calculate estimates for the unknown properties, but there are many possible methods and not one standardised approach. As such, every ice flow model has a unique initialisation procedure. Here we compare the outputs of inversions from three different ice flow models, each employing a variant of adjoint-based optimisation to calculate basal sliding coefficients and flow rate factors using the same observed surface velocities and ice thickness distribution. The region we focus on is the Amundsen Sea Embayment in West Antarctica, the subject of much investigation due to rapid changes in the area over recent decades. We find that our inversions produce similar distributions of basal sliding across all models, despite using different techniques, implying that the methods used are highly robust and represent the physical equations without much influence by individual model behaviours. Transferring the products of inversions between models results in time-dependent simulations displaying variability on the order of or lower than existing model intercomparisons. Focusing on contributions to sea level, the highest variability we find in simulations run in the same model with different inversion products is 32 %, over a 40-year period, a difference of 3.67 mm. There is potential for this to be improved with further standardisation of modelling processes, and the lowest variability within a single model is 13 %, or 1.82 mm over 40 years. While the successful transfer of inversion outputs from one model to another requires some extra effort and technical knowledge of the particular models involved, it is certainly possible and could indeed be useful for future intercomparison projects.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU DAN CARA PERAWATAN TALI PUSAT DENGAN LAMANYA PELEPASAN TALI PUSAT PADA BAYI BARU LAHIR DI KOTA BATURAJA KABUPATEN OKU TAHUN 2019
Authors: Haryanti Ita 
Published: April 2021

Latar belakang: Menurut World Health Organization (WHO) Pada tahun (2014) menemukan ada sekitar 300.000 ibu yang memiliki pengetahuan yang rendah terhadap perawatan tali pusat, selain itu didapatkan jumlah bayi yang mengalami infeksi tali pusat sekitar 240.000. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu diketahuinya hubungan pengetahuan ibu dan cara perawatan tali pusat dengan lama pelepasan tali pusat pada bayi baru lahir Di Wilayah kota Baturaja Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Tahun 2019. Metode : peneliti menggunakan metode survey analitik, yaitu peneliti yang mencoba menggali bagaimana dan mengapa fenomenakesehatan ibu terjadi. Surve analitik ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional yaitu suatu penelitian untuk mempelajari dinamika korelasi antara faktor-faktor resika dengan efek, dengan cara pendekatan, observasi atau pengumpulan data sekaligus pada suatu saat. Hasil penelitian : Dari hasil penelitian dapat dilihat bahwa lamanya pelepasan tali pusat secara cepat yang berpengatahun tinggi sebesar (85,4%). Sedangkan lamanya pelepasan tali pusat yang berpengetahuan rendah sebesar (40,0%).Hasil analisa bivariat uji chi-square didapatkan p value 0,009. Kesimpulan : ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu dan cara perawatan tali pusat dengan lamanya pelepasan tali pusat pada bayi baru lahir.

Background : according to the world health organization (WHO) in (2014) there were around 300,000 mothers who had low knowledge of umbilical cord care, in addition it was found that the number of babies with umbilical cord infections was around 240,000.To find out the length of umbilical cord release in newborns. Research methods : use analytic survey methods,namely research who try to explore how and why the phenomenon of maternal health occurs.this analtic survey uses a cross sectional apporoach wich is a study to study the dynamic of the correlation between risk factors and effects by means of an approach Observation or data : collection at a time at on time results of research from the results of the study can be seen that the length of rapid release of the umbilical cord with high years of age is (85,4%). While the length of umbilical cord removal with low knowledge 40,0%) the results of the bivariate analiysis of the chi-square test obtained p value 0,009. Conclusion : There ia a relationship between maternal knowledge and how to care for the umbilical cord with the length of umbilical cord removal in newborns.
CRIAÇÃO E IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE UM PERIÓDICO CIENTÍFICO NA ÁREA DE ENFERMAGEM E SAÚDE
Authors: Pissinati Paloma De Souza Cavalcante , Costa Raquel Gvozd , Pinhatti Evelin Daiane Gabriel , Ribeiro Renata Perfeito 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de criação e implementação de um periódico científico na área de enfermagem e saúde.Método: relato de experiência da criação e implementação de um periódico científico na área de enfermagem e saúde, no norte do Paraná, Brasil, entre outubro de 2018 e setembro de 2019.Discussão: ao delinear missão, política editorial e escopo do periódico, além da formação do Conselho Fundador e o regimento interno, normas, corpo editorial, implementação da versão eletrônica, no portal de periódicos da universidade, redes sociais e o lançamento em evento científico com participação da comunidade interna e externa à universidade, deixa-se explícita a seriedade e rigor necessários nesse processo.Conclusão: a criação e implementação ocorreu de forma sistemática, levando em consideração padrões de qualidade. O relato contribui para que outros pesquisadores possam estruturar novos periódicos, ao retratar todas as etapas percorridas desde o planejamento até a publicação do primeiro volume.
CONSTRUÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIA EDUCACIONAL SOBRE CONSUMO DE ÁLCOOL ENTRE UNIVERSITÁRIOS
Authors: Gigante Vanessa Calmont Gusmão , Oliveira Rafaela Cruz de , Ferreira Darlisom Sousa , Teixeira Elizabeth , Monteiro Wagner Ferreira , Martins Anete Leda de Oliveira , Nascimento Marcia Helena Machado 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: construir e validar tecnologia educacional sobre consumo de álcool para universitários.Método: estudo metodológico, desenvolvido entre junho de 2015 e julho de 2019, em universidade pública do Amazonas, Brasil. Foram realizadas três etapas: construção, validação de conteúdo e validação de aparência. A validação de conteúdo foi realizada em duas fases com 15 profissionais, e a validação de aparência em uma única fase com 91 acadêmicos de quatro cursos da universidade.Resultados: a tecnologia educacional foi nomeada Consumo de Álcool entre Universitários e está disponível no formato de manual impresso e e-book. Apresentou Índice de Validade de Conteúdo de 0,62 na primeira fase e 0,95 na segunda. Quanto à aparência, obteve Índice de Validade Semântica de 0,89.Considerações finais: o manual mostrou-se válido para utilização entre universitários, e pode contribuir com intervenções educativas nesse âmbito em instituições de ensino superior.