bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Anxiolytic effect of salicylic acid is mediated via the GABAergic system
Authors: Motaghi Sahel , Herik Hadi Moghaddam Dizaj , Sepehri Gholamreza , Abbasnejad Mehdi , esmaeli-Mahani Saeed 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is a natural phenolic compound in plants with many beneficial effects for humans. The anxiolytic effect of this compound has been reported in animal models, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, by using the fear potentiated plus maze test, we evaluated the effect of salicylic acid on the gene expression of the main form of GABA synthesizing enzyme i.e., the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67), in the ventral subiculum of the hippocampus. Also, the hypnotic effect of Salicylic acid was evaluated. Animals were divided into the solvent, (SA) and diazepam treated groups (n = 6). For evaluating the anxiolytic effect of Salicylic acid, animals were subjected to 2 hours of isolation, before placing them in the elevated plus maze (EPM). Afterward, the ventral part of the hippocampus was removed for evaluating the change in (GAD67) gene expression by the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR) technique. The hypnotic effect of Salicylic acid was evaluated in the ketamine induced sleeping test. Our results showed that Salicylic acid at 10, 30 (mg/kg) increased time spent and entries to the open arms in the (EPM) (p < 0.05). (RTqPCR) revealed that 30mg/kg of Salicylic acid increased (GAD67) gene expression (p < 0.001). Salicylic acid (30 and 300 mg/kg) also increased the duration of sleep, in ketamine induced sleeping test (p < 0.05). Our results showed that Salicylic acid has anxiolytic and hypnotic effects and it exerts its anxiolytic effect partly, via up regulation of (GAD67) in the ventral part of the hippocampus.
Digital conversations about depression among Hispanics and non-Hispanics in the US: A big‐data, machine learning analysis
Authors: Castilla-Puentes Ruby , Dagar Anjali , Villanueva Dinorah , Jimenez-Parrado Laura , Valleta Liliana. Gil , Falcone Tatiana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Digital conversations can offer unique information into the attitudes of Hispanics with depression outside of formal clinical settings and help generate useful information for medical treatment planning. Our study aimed to explore the big data from open-source digital conversations among Hispanics with regard to depression, specifically attitudes toward depression comparing Hispanics and non-Hispanics using machine learning technology.
Methods

Advanced machine‐learning empowered methodology was used to mine and structure open‐source digital conversations of self‐identifying Hispanics and non-Hispanics who endorsed suffering from depression and engaged in conversation about their tone, topics, and attitude towards depression. The search was limited to 12 months originating from US internet protocol (IP) addresses.
Results

A total of 441, 000 unique conversations about depression, including 43,000 (9.8%) for Hispanics, were posted. Source analysis revealed that 48% of conversations originated from topical sites compared to 16% on social media. Several critical differences were noted between Hispanics and non-Hispanics. In a higher percentage of Hispanics, their conversations portray “negative tone” due to depression (66% vs 39% non-Hispanics), show a resigned/hopeless attitude (44% vs. 30%) and were about ‘living with’ depression (44% vs. 25%). There were important differences in the author's determined sentiments behind the conversations among Hispanics and non-Hispanics.
Conclusion

In this first of its kind big data analysis of nearly a half-million digital conversations about depression using machine learning we found that Hispanics engage in an online conversation about negative, resigned, and hopeless attitude towards depression more often than non-Hispanic.
Big Optimization with Genetic Algorithms: Hadoop, Spark and MPI
Authors: Salto Carolina , Minetti Gabriela , Alba Enrique , Luque Gabriel 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Solving problems of high dimensionality (and complexity) usually needs the intense use of technologies, like parallelism, advanced computers and new types of algorithms. MapReduce (MR) is a computing paradigm long time existing in computer science that has been proposed in the last years for dealing with big data applications, though it could also be used for many other tasks. In this article we address big optimization: the solution to large instances of combinatorial optimization problems by using MR as the paradigm to design solvers that allow transparent runs on a varied number of computers that collaborate to find the problem solution. We first investigate the influence of the used MR technology, then including Hadoop, Spark and MPI as the middleware plataforms to express genetic algorithms (GAs), arising the MRGA solvers, in a style different from the usual imperative transformational programming. Our objective is to confirm the expected benefits of these systems, namely file, memory and communication management, over the resulting algorithms. We analyze our MRGA solvers from relevant points of view like scalability, speedup, and communication vs. computation time in big optimization. The results for high dimensional datasets show that the MRGA over Hadoop outperforms the implementations in Spark and MPI frameworks. For the smallest datasets, the execution of MRGA on MPI is always faster than the executions of the remaining MRGAs. Finally, the MRGA over Spark presents the lowest communication times. Numerical and time insights are given in our work, so as to ease future comparisons of new algorithms over these three popular technologies.
Structural basis for recognition of two HLA-A2-restricted SARS-CoV-2 spike epitopes by public and private T cell receptors
Authors: Wu Daichao , Kolesnikov Alexander , Yin Rui , Guest Johnathan , Gowthaman Ragul , Shmelev Anton , Serdyuk Yana , Efimov Grigory , Pierce Brian , Mariuzza Roy 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
T cells play a vital role in combatting SARS-CoV-2 and in forming long-term memory responses. Whereas extensive structural information is available on neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, such information on SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell receptors (TCRs) bound to their peptide–MHC targets is lacking. We determined structures of a public and a private TCR from COVID-19 convalescent patients in complex with HLA-A2 and two SARS-CoV-2 spike protein epitopes (YLQ and RLQ). The structures revealed the basis for selection of particular TRAV and TRBV germline genes by the public but not the private TCR, and for the ability of both TCRs to recognize natural variants of YLQ and RLQ but not homologous epitopes from human seasonal coronaviruses. By elucidating the mechanism for TCR recognition of an immunodominant yet variable epitope (YLQ) and a conserved but less commonly targeted epitope (RLQ), this study can inform prospective efforts to design vaccines to elicit pan-coronavirus immunity.
Functional reprogramming of monocytes in acute and
convalescent severe COVID-19 patients
Authors: Brauns Elisa , Azouz Abdulkader , Grimaldi David , Xiao Hanxi , Thomas Séverine , Nguyen Muriel , Olislagers Véronique , Duc Ines Vu , Cano Carmen Orte , Marmol Véronique Del , Pannus Pieter , Libert Frédérick , Saussez Sven , Dauby Nicolas , Das Jishnu , Marchant Arnaud , Goriely Stanislas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Severe COVID-19 disease is associated with dysregulation of the myeloid compartment during acute infection. Survivors frequently experience long-lasting sequelae but little is known about the eventual persistence of this immune alteration. Herein, we evaluated Toll-like receptor-induced cytokine responses in a cohort of mild to critical patients during acute or convalescent phases (n=97). In the acute phase, we observed impaired cytokine production by monocytes in the most severe patients. This capacity was globally restored in convalescent patients. Yet, we observed increased responsiveness to TLR1/2 ligation in patients that recovered from severe disease, indicating that these cells display distinct functional properties at the different stages of the disease. We identified a specific transcriptomic and epigenomic state in monocytes from acute severe patients that can account for their functional refractoriness. The molecular profile of monocytes from recovering patients was distinct and characterized by increased chromatin accessibility at AP-1 and MAF loci. These results demonstrate that severe COVID-19 infection has a profound impact on the differentiation status and function of circulating monocytes both during the acute and the convalescent phases in a completely distinct manner. This could have important implications for our understanding of short and long-term COVID19-related morbidity.
Phosphorus recovery by struvite precipitation: a review of the impact of calcium on struvite quality
Authors: Enyemadze Isaac , Momade Francis W. Y. , Oduro-Kwarteng Sampson , Essandoh Helen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Precipitation of phosphorus (P) as a struvite product from wastewater and local magnesium (Mg) sources is considered as a high economical prudent venture, as it has shown to bring down the cost of producing the product. However, there is a significant concentration of calcium (Ca) in these Mg and most wastewater sources. The presence of Ca in wastewater and Mg sources during struvite precipitation has been shown to negatively affect the quality of the struvite produced. The low struvite quality greatly impedes its use as a fertiliser given the economic value of the product as an alternative P fertiliser. This review paper provides an understanding of how the presence of Ca affects the purity, crystal size, and morphology of the struvite. Different methods that have been used to mitigate the effect of Ca on struvite quality have been reviewed. The factors that affect the recovery of P and the percentage recoveries of P by different Mg sources have also been reviewed. This paper serves as a basis for further research where the possibility of removing Ca from wastewater and Mg sources is explored. When Ca is removed before struvite precipitation is carried out, the quality of the product will be greatly improved.
Hydrochemical characteristics and groundwater quality appraisal for irrigation uses in the Lan-gan region, Northern Anhui Province, East China
Authors: Ma Jie , Chen Song , Ding Diandian , Zhao Jingyu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Lan-gan region, one of traditional agricultural production base in northern Anhui Province, East China, has rare hydrochemical reports on the formation mechanism and irrigation assessment of the Quaternary deeper confined groundwater aquifer. To better master hydrochemical characteristics, solute source, and irrigation properties, twenty-five water samples were collected from individual wells. The Gibbs diagram, Piper diagram, ionic ratio, and multivariate statistical analysis were carried out to delineate the hydrochemical facies and water–rock interactions. Meanwhile, USSL and Wilcox diagrams, and irrigation water quality indices were conducted to illustrate the suitability for irrigation. The results indicate that cations and anions are in the order of Ca2+ &gt; Na+ &gt; Mg2+ &gt;K+ and HCO3− &gt; SO42− &gt; Cl−, respectively. Ca-HCO3 is the main hydrochemical type. Water–rock interactions include silicate weathering, carbonate dissolution, halite dissolution and sulfate dissolution. Based on electrical conductivity (EC) value, the majority of the samples are permissible for irrigation, whereas only 12% of the samples were found good for irrigation. The risidual sodium carbonate (RSC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and percentage sodium (%Na), combined with Wilcox and USSL diagrams, demonstrate that the groundwater samples are permissible for irrigation purposes.
Comparative study for designing the horizontal thrust blocks in pipelines for water and sewage networks
Authors: Hussien Osama S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The thrust block is one of the most widely recognized methods of resisting thrust forces. This type of infrastructure should be installed in bends, dead ends, tees and wyes. Thrust blocks perform the function of transferring thrust force to the ground safely. Thrust block dimensions are designed based on hydrostatic pressures, bend angles, and soil properties in the surrounding area. Several codes exist for designing thrust blocks, but we focus on Egyptian code for design and implementation of pipelines for drinking water and sewage networks (ECDIPWSN) and the American Water Works Association (AWWA). In this methodology, the steps of thrust block design by the codes are demonstrated and applied individually to one of the published papers. The goal of the study was to find the optimum percentages between the dimensions of the block in the two codes and to compare the quantity of concrete after the block was designed by each code. Based on the research, it was found that the concrete amount of the block designed by AWWA was smaller than that designed by ECDIPWSN.
Green synthesis strategy for producing doped and undoped ZnO nanoparticles: their photocatalytic studies for industrial dye degradation
Authors: A. Ahamed Fazil , Narayanan Sheeba , Begum Meera S. , Manikandan G. , Yuvashree M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A facile and green method for synthesizing Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was successfully carried out using unutilized sweet lime; i.e., Citrus Limetta rind pulp (U-CLRP) extract. The structural, morphological and optical studies were elucidated to confirm the crystallinity, size, and shape of the synthesized NPs. Copper doping on ZnO NPs (CZnO NPs) was carried out to enhance the optical properties. The as-prepared and doped nanoparticle's potential for efficient degradation of a commercial dye, Methylene Blue (MB), was tested under Ultraviolet (UV) and visible light radiation. ZnO NPs showed promising results for dye degradation while an improved result was witnessed for CZnO NPs. ZnO NPs showed 74% of degradation of MB dye under UV irradiation and 57% degradation under visible light radiation. CZnO NPs presented 85 and 90% degradation in the UV and visible radiation, respectively. This green reduction method utilizing biological waste sources shows a promising path for photocatalysts to be developed economically as well as efficiently in the future. These CZnO/ ZnO NPs proved their potential for embedding them as efficient catalysts for wastewater treatment plants of textile industries.
Efficient computation of coordinate-free models of flame fronts
Authors: Akers Benjamin , Ambrose D. M. 
Published: July 2021

We present an efficient, accurate computational method for a coordinate-free model of flame front propagation of Frankel and Sivashinsky. This model allows for overturned flames fronts, in contrast to weakly nonlinear models such as the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation. The numerical procedure adapts the method of Hou, Lowengrub and Shelley, derived for vortex sheets, to this model. The result is a nonstiff, highly accurate solver which can handle fully nonlinear, overturned interfaces, with similar computational expense to methods for weakly nonlinear models. We apply this solver both to simulate overturned flame fronts and to compare the accuracy of Kuramoto–Sivashinsky and coordinate-free models in the appropriate limit.

doi:10.1017/S1446181121000079
Effects of salinity on growth performance, survival rate, digestive enzyme activities and physiological parameters of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) at larval stage
Authors: Nguyen Thi Kim Ha , Nguyen Tinh Em , Nguyen Minh Ngoc , Yasuaki Takagi , Nguyen Thanh Phuong , Do Thi Thanh Huong 
Published: July 2021

The present study was to investigate the effects of different salinities (0 (control), 3, 6, 9, 12, 15‰) in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) at larvae stage. Four-hundred individuals were randomly distributed to each 500-L composite tank (containing 250-L water) in triplicates. After 60 days, fish was sampled to determine survival rate, growth performance, hematological parameters, stress response indicators, and enzymatic activities. The results showed that the survival rate was highest in 6‰ (60.9%) and lowest in 15‰ (1.25%) (p<0.05). Fish exposed to salinities from 0 to 9‰ showed an increasing trend in growth. The osmolality of fish reared in 9 and 12‰ was significantly higher than that in the lower salinities (p<0.05). Similarly, concentrations of Na+, K+, and Cl- increased remarkably at high salinities. Chymotrypsin and trypsin activities were reduced by increased salinities (p<0.05), which were lowest at 15‰ (69.2±2.46 U/min/mg protein and 1.46±0.01 mU/min/mg protein, respectively). Stress indicators such as glucose and cortisol concentrations were not significantly depended on the salinity in the range of 0 to 12‰. Striped catfish larvae showed an adaptable response to high salinity and the appropriate salinity range for larvae rearing was below 6‰.
In vitro antibacterial activity of several plant extracts against fish bacterial pathogens
Authors: Tran Thi My Duyen , Nguyen Trong Tuan , Tran Thi Tuyet Hoa 
Published: July 2021

Crude methanol extract of 9 Vietnamese plants were in vitro screened for their antibacterial activity against three common freshwater fish pathogens including Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella ictaluri, and Streptococcus agalactiae. Agar disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity, then solvent extract was performed for the extracts which exhibited the strongest and a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was conducted for effective plant extracts using broth dilution method. The results indicated that most of the plant extracts exhibited antibacterial propeties to at least one tested bacterium. Headache tree (Premna corymbosa), bushwillows (Combretum quadrangulare) and Celandine spider flower (Cleome chelidonii) showed a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. The largest inhibitory zones of 35 mm and 21 mm were observed for the extract of Premna corymbosa against E. ictaluri and S. agalactiae, respectively. E. ictaluri was found to be the most susceptible for all of the extracts while A. hydrophila was the most resistant. The MIC of effective plant extracts against tested bacteria ranged between 0.39 mg/mL and 3.125 mg/mL. The result can be considered for further investigation of the development of an alternative therapy against bacterial infection in aquaculture.
Antioxidant activity of enzyme-assisted extract derived from round kumquat peel (Fortunella japonica)
Authors: Vo Dinh Le Tam , Nguyen Dinh Duyen Hai 
Published: July 2021

This study intends to apply enzyme-assisted extraction method to determine the antioxidant activity of round kumquat peel extract. Firstly, chemical composition of the kumquat peel was determined. Then, single factor test was employed to evaluate the effects of enzyme treatment conditions (enzyme amount and extraction time, ethanol concentration, material:ethanol ratio, extraction time and extraction temperature) on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the kumquat peel extract. The result showed that the content of phenolic compounds in the kumquat peel achieved 1.3%. The peel extract exhibited the maximum TPC of 335.96±16.79 milligrams of gallic acid equivalents (mg GAE)/g dry matter, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) cation radical (ABTS●+) scavenging activity of 1993.26±99.66 μmol Trolox Equivalent (TE)/g dry matter and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value of 3202.86±160.14 μmol TE/g dry matter. This extract was obtained under enzyme treatment condition including enzyme content of 9 U/g dry matter, enzyme-treating time of 90 min and the extraction condition comprising of kumquat peel: 96% ethanol ratio of 1:40 (w/v), extraction time of 150 min and temperature of 50°C. The results revealed that the kumquat peel extract could be used as a potential natural antioxidant in food and/or pharmaceutical products.
Изучение взаимосвязи между уровнем эмоционального интеллекта и социально-психологической адаптацией у молодёжи
Authors: Тимохин Николай Н. , Крючкова Анна С. 
Published: July 2021

В данной статье отражены результаты изучения некоторых аспектов проблемы соотношения эмоционального интеллекта и социально-психологической адаптации. Новизна исследования заключается в том, что впервые проведён анализ особенностей взаимосвязи эмоционального интеллекта и социально-психологической адаптации у молодёжи в период пандемии. Во Введении даётся краткий обзор результатов современных отечественных и зарубежных исследований по исследуемым проблемам. Раскрывается актуальность данного исследования, которая состоит в получении данных о существующих значимых корреляционных связях между конкретными компонентами эмоционального интеллекта и социально-психологической адаптации молодежи. В разделе Методы описываются использованные в исследовании психодиагностические методики: «Опросник эмоционального интеллекта» Д. В. Люсина; Многоуровневый личностный опросник «Адаптивность» (МЛО-АМ) А. Г. Маклакова и С. В. Чермянина. Даётся описание сформированной выборки и выдвинутой гипотезы исследования, описываются методы математический статистики использовавшихся для обработки полученных в исследовании эмпирических данных. В разделе Результаты описываются три этапа проведенного эмпирического исследования. На основании полученных данных описываются уровни развития эмоционального интеллекта и социально-психологической адаптации, описывается представленность респондентов исследования с разным уровнем показателей исследуемых феноменов. Приводятся результаты математической статистики, использованной для выявления значимых взаимосвязей между эмоциональным интеллектом у молодежи и успешностью их социально-психологической адаптации, даётся описание полученных данных. В Обсуждении результатов даётся интерпретация выявленных в исследовании результатов и дается описание значимых взаимосвязей между эмоциональным интеллектом молодежи и успешностью социально-психологической адаптации. В Заключении подводятся общие итоги проделанной работы, описывается ряд обобщающих заключений, который позволяет наметить дальнейшие перспективы разработки данной темы исследования.