bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiology and Outcomes of Institutionalized Patients With Stroke-Associated Pneumonia: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Zhao Jie , Li Lei-qing , Zhen Ning-xin , Du Lin-lin , Shan Hui , Yu Yang , Zhang Zhao-cai , Cui Wei , Tian Bao-ping 
Published: December 2021

Background: The attributable mortality and microbial etiology of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) vary among different studies and were inconsistent.Purpose: To determine the microbiology and outcomes of SAP in the lower respiratory tract (LRT) for patients with invasive mechanical ventilation (MV).Methods: In this observational study, included patients were divided into SAP and non-SAP based on a comprehensive analysis of symptom, imaging, and laboratory results. Baseline characteristics, clinical characteristics, microbiology, and outcomes were recorded and evaluated.Results: Of 200 patients, 42.5% developed SAP after the onset of stroke, and they had a lower proportion of non-smokers (p = 0.002), lower GCS score (p &lt; 0.001), higher serum CRP (p &lt; 0.001) at ICU admission, and a higher proportion of males (p &lt; 0.001) and hypertension (p = 0.039) than patients with non-SAP. Gram-negative aerobic bacilli were the predominant organisms isolated (78.8%), followed by Gram-positive aerobic cocci (29.4%). The main pathogens included K. pneumoniae, S. aureus, H. influenzae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, E. aerogenes, Serratia marcescens, and Burkholderia cepacia. SAP prolonged length of MV (p &lt; 0.001), duration of ICU stay (p &lt; 0.001) and hospital stay (p = 0.027), shortened MV-free days by 28 (p &lt; 0.001), and caused elevated vasopressor application (p = 0.001) and 60-day mortality (p = 0.001). Logistic regression analysis suggested that patients with coma (p &lt; 0.001) have a higher risk of developing SAP.Conclusion: The microbiology of SAP is similar to early phase of HAP and VAP. SAP prolongs the duration of MV and length of ICU and hospital stays, but also markedly increases 60-day mortality.
DIA Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Retro-oil Fluid and Vitreous Fluid From Retinal Detachment Patients
Authors: Shu Yiyang , Gao Min , Zhou Yifan , Liu Haiyun , Sun Xiaodong 
Published: December 2021

Objectives: There have been reports of unexplained visual loss following intra-ocular silicone oil (SiO) tamponade in retinal detachment patients, yet the underlying mechanism is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms behind retinal toxicity following intra-ocular SiO tamponade in retinal detachment patients.Methods and Results: Vitreous fluid samples were acquired from 27 patients (27 eyes). Twelve eyes for data-independent acquisition (DIA) were divided into four groups: pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD group), SiO removal after successful retinal reattachment (SO group), cataract surgery after successful retinal reattachment with sterilized air tamponade (FA group), and PPV for epiretinal membrane (ERM group). The remaining 15 eyes were used for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis. DIA was combined with two-dimensional liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to find expression changes in the proteome of vitreous. Mean number mass spectra, statistically differentially expressed proteins, gene ontology (GO), pathway representations, and protein interactions were analyzed. GO analysis showed that the protein categories of synapse organization, cell adhesion, and regulation of cell migration in the SO group were differentially expressed compared to the control or FA groups (p &lt; 0.05). Through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, lysosome and cell adhesion were found to be significantly enriched in the SO group compared to the FA and control groups (p &lt; 0.05). Cadherin 2, transferrin, and lysosome function may partially contribute to silicone oil-related vision loss.Conclusion: Vision loss-inducing novel molecular signatures and pathways that may be associated with SiO toxicity were identified. Transferrin may be a potential visual outcome biomarker for SiO tamponade.
Deterioration After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Single-Center Experience With Cost Analysis
Authors: Chojak Rafał , Koźba-Gosztyła Marta , Pawłowski Mateusz , Czapiga Bogdan 
Published: December 2021

Background: Most traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are mild (GCS score of 13–15). Patients with mild TBI (mTBI) are generally in good condition. In some cases, a neurological deterioration (manifested by a drop of ≥1 point in GCS score) can occur and neurosurgical intervention (NI) may be needed. Because of that, these patients are frequently admitted to a hospital for observation. The aim of our study was to determine the number of patients with mTBI that deteriorate or need NI. We also considered an economic aspect of hospital admissions of these patients.Methods: The study group consisted of 186 adult patients admitted to the neurosurgical department due to mTBI. Patients were divided into three groups according to an initial GCS score. The occurrence of deterioration, need for NI, length of stay (LOS), cost of stay and occurrence of death were analyzed.Results: The deterioration was observed in 7 (3.76%) out of all cases. In 3 (1.61%) of them, the NI was needed. The average LOS was 7.96 days and it was closely linked with an initial GCS score (p &lt; 0.001). The total cost of stay of all patients included in this study was about 1,188,668 PLN (306,357 USD).Conclusion: The deterioration occurred in a small number of patients with mTBI, the need for NI was even less common. Hospitalization of these patients is expensive. Further studies with prognostic model helping decide on admission/discharge are necessary.
Relationship Between Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] and Cognition in Different Ischemic Stroke Subtypes
Authors: Li Jingjing , Li Shiyu , Pan Yuesong , Wang Mengxing , Meng Xia , Wang Yilong , Zhao Xingquan , Wang Yongjun 
Published: December 2021

Background and Purpose: Although elevated serum lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is considered to be a risk factor of ischemic stroke, the relationship between Lp(a) and cognitive impairment after stroke remains unclear. This study investigated the association between serum Lp(a) and cognitive function after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA).Methods: The study included 1,017 patients diagnosed with AIS or TIA from the cognition subgroup of the Third China National Stroke Registry (CNSR3). Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at 2 weeks or discharge, 3 months, and 1 year was evaluated. The primary outcome was cognitive impairment at 1 year, defined as MoCA ≤ 22. The secondary outcome was cognition improvement at 1 year compared with 2 weeks. The association between Lp(a) levels and cognitive function was analyzed.Results: Among the 1,017 patients included, 326 (32.1%) had cognitive impairment at 1 year. Patients with MoCA ≤ 22 at 1 year were older, received less education, and had higher baseline NIHSS, higher proportion of ischemic stroke history, large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) subtype, and multiple infarctions (P &lt; 0.05 for all). Patients with highest Lp(a) quartile had slightly higher percentage of cognitive impairment at 1 year but without statistical difference. In subgroup analysis of LAA subtype, the patients with highest Lp(a) quartile had higher percentage of cognitive impairment at 1 year (adjusted OR:2.63; 95% CI: 1.05–6.61, P &lt; 0.05). What is more, the patients with highest Lp(a) quartile in LAA subtype had lower percentage of cognition improvement at 1 year. However, similar results were not found in small artery occlusion (SAO) subtype.Conclusion: Higher Lp(a) level was associated with cognitive impairment and less improvement of cognition in patients after AIS or TIA with large-artery atherosclerosis subtype.
Neurofilament Levels Are Reflecting the Loss of Presynaptic Dopamine Receptors in Movement Disorders
Authors: Diekämper Elena , Brix Britta , Stöcker Winfried , Vielhaber Stefan , Galazky Imke , Kreissl Michael C. , Genseke Philipp , Düzel Emrah , Körtvelyessy Péter 
Published: December 2021

Aims: Neurofilament light chain (NfL) and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNfH) are biomarkers for neuroaxonal damage. We assessed whether NfL and other biomarker levels in the CSF are correlated to the loss of presynaptic dopamine transporters in neurons as detected with dopamine transporter SPECT (DaTscan).Methods: We retrospectively identified 47 patients (17 Alzheimer’s dementia, 10 idiopathic Parkinson’s disease, 7 Lewy body dementia, 13 progressive supranuclear palsy or corticobasal degeneration) who received a DaTscan and a lumbar puncture. DaTscan imaging was performed according to current guidelines, and z-scores indicating the decrease in uptake were software based calculated for the nucleus caudatus and putamen. The CSF biomarkers progranulin, total-tau, alpha-synuclein, NfL, and pNfH were correlated with the z-scores.Results: DaTscan results in AD patients did not correlate with any biomarker. Subsuming every movement disorder with nigrostriatal neurodegeneration resulted in a strong correlation between putamen/nucleus caudatus and NfL (nucleus caudatus right p &lt; 0.01, putamen right p &lt; 0.05, left p &lt; 0.05) and between pNfH and putamen (right p &lt; 0.05; left p &lt; 0.042). Subdividing in disease cohorts did not reveal significant correlations. Progranulin, alpha-synuclein, and total-tau did not correlate with DaTscan results.Conclusion: We show a strong correlation of NfL and pNfH with pathological changes in presynaptic dopamine transporter density in the putamen concomitant to nigrostriatal degeneration. This correlation might explain the reported correlation of impaired motor functions in PD and NfL as seen before, despite the pathological heterogeneity of these diseases.
Association Between Adipose Tissue Characteristics and Metabolic Flexibility in Humans: A Systematic Review
Authors: Glaves Alice , Díaz-Castro Francisco , Farías Javiera , Ramírez-Romero Rodrigo , Galgani Jose E. , Fernández-Verdejo Rodrigo 
Published: December 2021

Adipose tissue total amount, distribution, and phenotype influence metabolic health. This may be partially mediated by the metabolic effects that these adipose tissue characteristics exert on the nearby and distant tissues. Thus, adipose tissue may influence the capacity of cells, tissues, and the organism to adapt fuel oxidation to fuel availability, i.e., their metabolic flexibility (MetF). Our aim was to systematically review the evidence for an association between adipose tissue characteristics and MetF in response to metabolic challenges in human adults. We searched in PubMed (last search on September 4, 2021) for reports that measured adipose tissue characteristics (total amount, distribution, and phenotype) and MetF in response to metabolic challenges (as a change in respiratory quotient) in humans aged 18 to &lt;65 years. Any study design was considered, and the risk of bias was assessed with a checklist for randomized and non-randomized studies. From 880 records identified, 22 remained for the analysis, 10 of them measured MetF in response to glucose plus insulin stimulation, nine in response to dietary challenges, and four in response to other challenges. Our main findings were that: (a) MetF to glucose plus insulin stimulation seems inversely associated with adipose tissue total amount, waist circumference, and visceral adipose tissue; and (b) MetF to dietary challenges does not seem associated with adipose tissue total amount or distribution. In conclusion, evidence suggests that adipose tissue may directly or indirectly influence MetF to glucose plus insulin stimulation, an effect probably explained by skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO [CRD42020167810].
Bibliometric Analysis of the Top-Cited Publications and Research Trends for Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy
Authors: Liu Yanhao , Li Jinying , Cheng Xu , Zhang Xiaotao 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveThis study aims to analyze the 100 most cited papers and research trends on stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).MethodsWe used Web of Science to identify the 100 most frequently cited papers on SBRT on September 29, 2021 and extracted the following data: publication year, source title, country/region, organization, total citations, and average number of citations per year. The research type and research domain were classified independently by the authors. Then we carried out a bibliometric analysis to determine the trends in research on SBRT.ResultsThese 100 papers were cited a total of 26,540 times, and the median number of citations was 190 (range, 138-1688). “Stereotactic body radiation therapy for inoperable early stage lung cancer” by Timmerman et al. had the highest number of total citations (1688 times). International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics published the largest number of papers (37 papers), followed by Journal of Clinical Oncology (13 papers). The USA contributed the most papers (67 papers), followed by Canada (18 papers). Primary lung cancer (33 papers, 10,683 citations) and oligometastases (30 papers, 7,147 citations) were the most cited research areas.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first bibliometric analysis of the most frequently cited papers on SBRT. Our results provide insight into the historical development of SBRT and important advances in its application to cancer treatment. Early-stage non–small-cell lung cancer and oligometastases were the most cited research areas in the top 100 publications on SBRT, and SBRT combined with immunotherapy was a hot topic in the past few years. This study is helpful for researchers to identify the most influential papers and current research hotspots on SBRT.
Knowledge Domain and Emerging Trends in Podocyte Injury Research From 1994 to 2021: A Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis
Authors: Liu Tongtong , Yang Liping , Mao Huimin , Ma Fang , Wang Yuyang , Zhan Yongli 
Published: December 2021

Background: Podocyte injury has a direct causal relationship with proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis and, on a chronic level, can lead to irreversible disease progression. Podocyte injury plays a critically decisive role in the development of proteinuric kidney disease. In recent years, the research on podocyte injury has developed rapidly all over the world. However, no report has summarized the field of podocyte injury as a whole to date. Using bibliometric analysis, this study aimed to evaluate the current state of worldwide podocyte injury research in the last 30 years and identify important achievements, primary research fields, and emerging trends.Methods: Publications related to podocyte injury were retrieved from Web of Science Core Collection. HistCite, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the Bibliometrix Package were used for bibliometric analysis and visualization, including the analysis of the overall distribution of annual outputs, leading countries, active institutions and authors, core journals, co-cited references, and keywords. Total global citation score and total local citation score were used to assess the quality and impact of publications.Results: A total of 2,669 publications related to podocyte injury were identified. Publications related to podocyte injury tended to increase continuously. A total of 10,328 authors from 2,171 institutions in 69 countries published studies related to podocyte injury. China (39.46%) was the most prolific country, and the number of citations of studies in the United States (cited 36,896 times) ranked first. Moin A Saleem, John Cijiang He, and Zhihong Liu were the top three contributing authors, and Journal of the American Society of Nephrology and Kidney International were the most popular journals in the field. “Diabetic nephropathy” is the primary focus area of podocyte injury research, and “autophagy,” “microRNA,” and “inflammation” were the top keywords of emerging research hotspots, and traditional Chinese medicine monomer may be a neglected research gap.Conclusion: Our research found that global publications on podocyte injury have increased dramatically. Diabetic nephropathy is the main research field of podocyte injury, whereas autophagy, microRNA, and inflammation are the top topics getting current attention from scholars and which may become the next focus in podocyte injury research.
Potential Genetic Overlap Between Insomnia and Sleep Symptoms in Major Depressive Disorder: A Polygenic Risk Score Analysis
Authors: Melhuish Beaupre Lindsay M. , Tiwari Arun K. , Gonçalves Vanessa F. , Zai Clement C. , Marshe Victoria S. , Lewis Cathryn M. , Martin Nicholas G. , McIntosh Andrew M. , Adams Mark J. , Baune Bernhard T. , Levinson Doug F. , Boomsma Dorret I. , Penninx Brenda W. J. H. , Breen Gerome , Hamilton Steve , Awasthi Swapnil , Ripke Stephan , Jones Lisa , Jones Ian , Byrne Enda M. , Hickie Ian B. , Potash James P. , Shi Jianxin , Weissman Myrna M. , Milaneschi Yuri , Shyn Stanley I. , Geus Eco J. C. de , Willemsen Gonneke , Brown Gregory M. , Kennedy James L. ,   Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium
Published: December 2021

Background: The prevalence of insomnia and hypersomnia in depressed individuals is substantially higher than that found in the general population. Unfortunately, these concurrent sleep problems can have profound effects on the disease course. Although the full biology of sleep remains to be elucidated, a recent genome-wide association (GWAS) of insomnia, and other sleep traits in over 1 million individuals was recently published and provides many promising hits for genetics of insomnia in a population-based sample.Methods: Using data from the largest available GWAS of insomnia and other sleep traits, we sought to test if sleep variable PRS scores derived from population-based studies predicted sleep variables in samples of depressed cases [Psychiatric Genomics Consortium - Major Depressive Disorder subjects (PGC MDD)]. A leave-one-out analysis was performed to determine the effects that each individual study had on our results.Results: The only significant finding was for insomnia, where p-value threshold, p = 0.05 was associated with insomnia in our PGC MDD sample (R2 = 1.75−3, p = 0.006).Conclusion: Our results reveal that &lt;1% of variance is explained by the variants that cover the two significant p-value thresholds, which is in line with the fact that depression and insomnia are both polygenic disorders. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate genetic overlap between the general population and a depression sample for insomnia, which has important treatment implications, such as leading to novel drug targets in future research efforts.
Acupuncture for Relieving Abdominal Pain and Distension in Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhu Fengya , Yin Shao , Zhu Xinyun , Che Deya , Li Zimeng , Zhong Yue , Yan Hui , Gan Daohui , Yang Lanying , Wu Xiaohan , Li Liuying 
Published: December 2021

Background: Clinical evidence suggests that acupuncture is effective for relieving abdominal pain and distension in acute pancreatitis (AP). However, there is a lack of systematic reviews and meta-analyses that provide high-quality evidence of the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in this context.Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for relieving abdominal pain and distension in AP.Methods: We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and China Biomedical Literature databases. Randomized controlled trials of acupuncture plus routine treatment (RT) vs. RT alone or RT plus sham/placebo acupuncture were included. Primary outcomes included total effectiveness rate, VAS scores for abdominal pain and distension, and time until relief of abdominal pain and distension. Secondary outcomes included time until recovery of bowel sound, time until first defecation, length of hospital stay, and APACHE II score.Results: Nineteen eligible original studies (n = 1,503) were included. The results showed that acupuncture in combination with RT had a significant advantage in terms of increasing the total effectiveness rate [risk ratio: 1.15; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–1.24; P = 0.001]. Acupuncture also reduced the VAS score for abdominal pain [weighted mean difference (WMD): −1.45; 95% CI: −1.71 to −1.19; P &lt; 0.0001] and the VAS score for abdominal distension (WMD: −0.71; 95% CI: −1.04 to −0.37; P &lt; 0.0001) in patients with AP. Other results also showed the efficacy of acupuncture. One study reported adverse events after acupuncture.Conclusion: Acupuncture in combination with RT has a better effect than RT alone for relieving abdominal pain and distension in AP. More rigorous studies are needed to confirm this result.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO CRD42019147503 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=147503).
Sexual Risk Behaviors, HIV Prevalence and Access to Reproductive Health Services Among Young Women Migrant Workers in the Industrial Zones in Vietnam
Authors: Ha Toan , Schensul Stephen L. , Schensul Jean J. , Nguyen Trang , Nguyen Nam 
Published: December 2021

Background: Young migrant workers working in the industrial zones (IZ) in low and middle-income countries are at risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. This study examines the sex-related risks of young women migrant workers in the IZ in Vietnam.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,061 young migrant women working in the IZ park in Hanoi, Vietnam. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with HIV testing and condom use at last sex.Results: A total of 1,061 young women migrant workers completed the survey in which 652 participants consented to take the initial rapid HIV test. All but one participant tested negative indicating a HIV prevalence of 150 (95% CI: 27–860) per 100,000 population among this population. There were no differences in sexual behavior, use of sexual and reproductive health services, HIV knowledge, perceived HIV risk or alcohol use between those who were HIV tested and those not tested. Single participants reported high rates of first sex while living in the IZ and high rates of condom use during the first-time sex, however, they had low levels of condom use at last sex. While the majority of married participants used the SRH/HIV services, nearly 80% of the single participants who reported having sex never used SRH/HIV services since living in the IZ. However, single participants were over 4 times more likely to use condoms at last sex compared to married participants (OR = 4.67; 95%CI = 2.96–7.85). Participants with vocational school or higher education was more likely to use condom (OR = 2.19; 95%CI = 1.05–4.57). Neither HIV knowledge or alcohol use were associated with condom use.Conclusions: Although HIV prevalence is very low among young women workers in the IZ in Vietnam, a significant number of them engaged in risky sexual behavior and low levels of condom use at last sex as well as low level of using SRH/HIV services highlights a need to develop interventions that provide tailored-made and cultural appropriate SRH education for unmarried female migrant workers to prevent risky sexual behaviors, sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancy.