bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Community Education on Antenatal Care Visits in Bangladesh: A Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Rahman Md Morshadur , Hossain Md Akhtar 
Published: July 2021

Antenatal care (ANC) utilization has a great role in reducing pregnancy-related complications and maternal mortality. Besides individual demographic and socio-economic factors, community characteristics can influence a mother‟s decision to seek antenatal care visits. This study makes an attempt to determine the influence of community education on adequate ANC visits in Bangladesh by using Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2014 data. Multilevel logistic regression model has been employed for the purpose of the analysis. Study findings showed a significant positive association of community education on adequate ANC visits. Other community and individual level covariates such as place of residence, region of residence, birth order, mother‟s age at birth, household wealth, media access, husband‟s education, decision making on health care also showed significant association with adequate ANC visits.
Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 67(1): 41-46, 2019 (January)
Development and Performance Analysis of a Low-Cost Hydrogen Generation System Using Locally Available Materials
Authors: Mazumder Gour Chand , Shams SM Nasif , Rahman Md Habibur , Huque Saiful 
Published: July 2021

In this paper, a low-cost water electrolyzer is developed and its performance study is presented. Locally found materials are used to develop the electrolyzer. The electrolyzer has two cells connected in parallel and bipolar electrode configuration. In common, different cells are connected in series but for this electrolyzer parallel connection has been tested. A very thin polymer, Nylon-140 has been used as separator membranes for this electrolyzer. In separator membrane assembly, the designed geometry creates two separate gas channels internally which enables the direct collection of hydrogen and oxygen gas from the designated outlet port of the electrolyzer. The geometry excludes the need of external tubing into each cell-compartments to collect hydrogen and oxygen separately. The developed electrolyzer is found to be 42% efficient with its highest production rate of 227.27 mL/min. The purity of hydrogen is found to be more than 92% and justified with the burn test. The cost is 20 times less than the commercial electrolyzers. The development method and scheme can be helpful to popularize the small scale use of hydrogen in Bangladesh for various renewable energy applications.
Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 68(1): 49-56, 2020 (January)
A Real-Time Sensor Based Hand Gesture Controlled Robotic Wheelchair for Assisting People with Disabilities
Authors: Rahaman Muhammad Aminur , Islam Md Jahidul , Kabir Sumaiya , Khatun Ayesha 
Published: July 2021

Currently, thousands of people are suffering from paralysis. They have difficulties with speaking and walking. So we’ve developed a new kind of robot that can help those people who can’t walk or speak. By utilizing this robot (hand gloves or wheelchair handle) and gesture-based regulators, people with physical disabilities will improve their quality of life. The robot of the proposal has two components, one is the controller of the motion, and the other is the Robotic Wheelchair (RW). Where one can easily interact with the robotic-base wheelchair-using sensor-based hand gesture. With this human-robot interaction, a patient can quite easily control the robot and can move freely. In addition, the required patients may use gestures (hand gloves or wheelchair handle) to express their needs. Furthermore, we will reduce the effort to regulate the RW and hand movements with this device, that’s really difficult for disabled or dumb people. Our device can run with approximately 94% accuracy and very minimal delay.
GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 7, Dec 2020 P 85-93
Decay Nature of Radionuclide Released From Triga Mark-II Reactor
Authors: Ashaduzzaman M , Zaman DM S , Akhter T 
Published: July 2021

Considering a hypothetical accident, the deposition of radio krypton (85Kr) has been studied that is released from TRIGA MARK-II reactor by its decay behavior. The measurement of radiological ground concentration leads to the study of the emission process of 85Kr nucleus, and the site-specific data related to this measurement have been analyzed later on. In this work, the radioactivity in the reactor core and release rate as well as Gaussian diffusion factor have also been considered. It is observed from the data analysis that the maximum concentration of 85Kr in ground is 1.115E+3 Bq/m2 in South (S) direction. Here, the nuclear binary fission has been presented with the greater probability of production of magic nuclei where the reactions found to be endoergic where a nuclear reaction occurs with the absorption of energy. Doubly magic nuclei like 4He, 16O, 40Ca, and 48Ca have also been identified as fission fragments that follow the nuclear shell closure. The results of this work will be an important guide in the study of radionuclide splitting into several nuclei as well as for accidental scinerio.
GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 7, Dec 2020 P 57-61
Effects of Isoperimetric Constraint for Reducing HSV-2 Infection Using Optimal Control Strategy
Authors: Tanni Samiha Islam , Sultana Jakia , Islam Shamima , Afroz Farzana , Islam Md Robiul 
Published: July 2021

Optimal control is helpful for testing and comparing different vaccination strategies of a certain disease. Genital herpes is one of the most prevalent sexually-transmitted diseases globally. In this paper, we have proposed an optimal control problem applied to HSV-2 model after introducing the constraint and state variables. Optimal control problem is formulated based on ordinary differential equation and isoperimetric constraint in the vaccine supply is also included. Mathematical analysis such as the characterization of optimal control using Pontryagin’s maximum principle is studied. Generally optimal control theory is used for finding the optimal way for implementing the strategies, minimizing the number of infectious and latent individuals and keeping the cost of implementation as low as possible. Here the optimality system is derived and solved numerically using a Runge-Kutta fourth order method and this is an iterative method. Using numerical simulation we observe that how the optimal vaccination schedule is altered by imposing isoperimetric constraint. Finally, on applying the isoperimetric constraint on the optimal control problem of HSV-2 epidemic model, we observe that optimal vaccination schedule with isoperimetric constraint indicates successful short-term control of the disease.
GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 7, Dec 2020 P 62-68
Types of Abortion and Its Consequences in Dhaka Medical College Hospital
Authors: Khatun Rokhshana , Gani Osman , Ghosh Lipika , Manjari Mamata 
Published: July 2021

Background & objective: Among the gynaecological cases admitted in tertiary care hospitals, abortion occupies the highest position. But detailed studies about the pattern of abortion admitted in the hospitals are limited. The present study was intended to find the proportion of abortion cases to total admitted cases and describe the types, clinical presentation and consequences of abortions.
Methods: This study was carried out among a cross-section of abortion patients admitted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. A total of 100 women admitted with a history of abortion between January and June, 2003 were consecutively included in the study. On admission, blood sample was sent for blood grouping & cross-matching and estimation of haemoglobin. Additional investigations like routine blood test, TC, DC, urine for R/E were done in septic abortion cases. High vaginal swab was collected from all cases but only in 5 patients, it was possible to carry out culture and sensitivity test. All cases were admitted and followed up to discharge for studying their consequences.
Result: Majority (61%) of the patients was admitted in their third decade of life. The included cases were predominantly poor (68%), Muslim (97%) and urban residents (78%). Over half (54%) of the patients were illiterate. Sixty percent patients were multipara, 21% primipara and 19% nullipara. Two patients were unmarried. One-quarter had previous history of 1-4 abortions. Of the 100 cases of abortions, over three-quarters (77%) were of spontaneous abortions and 23% were of induced abortions. Two-thirds (66%) of the cases presented with incomplete abortions, which among others, included incomplete MR (13%). Septic abortion was 12%; of which 10% were induced and 2% spontaneous abortions, complicated to septic abortions. Missed abortion was 10%, inevitable 10% and threatened 6%. Out of 100 cases, 86% required operative intervention which included dilatation, evacuation and curettage (95.2%), subtotal hysterectomy, repair of perforation, hysterotomy and colpotomy. Two threatened abortions cases continued their pregnancy. One threatened abortion, five missed abortion, one septic abortion and six inevitable abortion cases spontaneously expelled their product of conceptus. Seventy-nine patients received whole blood transfusion to compensate for haemorrhage. Over 80% were discharged from the hospital within 5 days. Complications (except anaemia) of abortion were found in 49% cases. One case of septic abortion with endotoxic shock and severe anemia died of the disease.
Conclusion: Complications of abortion are preventable if the patients are made aware about the grave consequences of abortion and appropriate health services are extended at field levels.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2020; 10 (1&2): 66-73
CT Pulmonary Angiography Findings in Children with Congenital Heart Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ghafoor Nusrat , Siraj Nawshin 
Published: July 2021

Background & objective: Computed tomography (CT) is claimed to accurately diagnose many forms of congenital cardiovascular disease in children, particularly in the diagnosis of extracardiac vascular anomalies. The present study is intended to describe the role of CT in the evaluation of congenital cardiovascular disease in children.
Methods: The study included children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who underwent CT pulmonary angiography in the Cardiac Imaging Department of Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute, Dhaka between 2015-2017 for investigations of various congenital heart diseases. CT scan was done on Multidetector scanner from Siemens or Philips. Routine preprocedure was done as per protocol of the CT angiography study. Breath holding technique was explained to the older patients who were able to follow breath holding instructions. Plain CT scans of thorax followed by early arterial phases were obtained after negative test dose of the non-ionic contrast by injecting 12 to 40 ml of intravenous contrast media (Iopamidol 350 mg) through antecubital vein by pressure injector at a rate of 1.5 ml/second Scan was obtained 6 seconds after starting of the intravenous contrast.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 5.3 ± 0.5 years. Over 60% of the children were male giving a male to female ratio of roughly 3:2. Majority (92%) of children had levocardia with aorta being predominantly originated from the left ventricle (95%). Nearly two-thirds (65%) of the aortas had 50% overriding, 33% had > 50% overriding. Over three-quarters (76%) had left-sided arch and 21% had right-sided arch. Majority (87%) of pulmonary arteries originated from the right ventricle: 50% were of normal size and 44% were narrower than normal. In a few cases both right and left pulmonary artery were absent. In 90% cases right and left pulmonary arteries and veins were confluent. Nearly two-thirds (64%) of the pulmonary arteries were stenosed and 5% did not have any pulmonary valves. Presence of collaterals was commendably high (42%). Seventy percent of the patients had Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and over one-quarter (26%) had Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA). Interatrial septal defect was found in 21% and intervetricular septal defect in 79% cases. Increased and decreased vascularity of the lungs were found in 13 and 15% of the cases respectively. Other cardiac anomalies were negligible.
Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that the CT pulmonary angiography in the evaluation of CHD has a number of merits and could be done in the diagnosis of pulmonary vascular structures particularly the extra cardiac vascular anomalies.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2017; 7 (1&2): 31-36
Effectiveness of Manual Vacuum Aspiration PLUS in The Treatment of Incomplete Abortion in the First Trimester of Pregnency
Authors: Naher Kamrun , Hossain Abul , Rahman Amina , Pervin Shelina , Karim Mohammad Rezaul , Ferdous Umme Jannatul 
Published: July 2021

Background & objective: With the advent of Misoprostol, medical termination of pregnancy in the first trimester has become a popular choice. But its indiscriminate use with inadequate doses more often results in incomplete abortion. Manual Vacuum Aspiration PLUS (MVA-PLUS) is claimed to be an effective treatment modality for incomplete abortion. The present study was intended to evaluate the effectiveness of MVA-PLUS in the treatment of incomplete abortion.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Sherpur District Hospital, Sherpur, Bangladesh. Pregnant women of 8-12 weeks of gestation receiving tablet Misoprostol by untrained personnel and presented to us with incomplete abortion were included in the study. Patients with complete abortion, ectopic pregnancy, signs of pelvic infection or sepsis were excluded from our study. MVA-Plus was done by paracervical block, analgesia and/or mild sedation and verbal reassurance. Successful outcome was defined in terms of complete evacuation of the product of conceptus.
Result: The study subjects were generally young, married with low educational background. Treatment with MVA-PLUS showed that majority (98%) of the patients have had complete evacuation with minimum duration of hospital stay (1-2 days) in majority of the cases (82%). The need for blood transfusion varied from 1-2 units (76%) to more than 5 units (4%). No major complications were noted.
Conclusion: Manual Vacuum Aspiration PLUS (MVA-PLUS) is highly effective in the treatment of incomplete abortion in the first trimester of pregnency with no side effect and minimum stay in the hospital.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2017; 7 (1&2): 76-79
Transradial Retrieval of Broken Catheter After Complex PCI- A Nightmare
Authors: Kabir CM Shaheen , Khan Saidur Rahman , Chowdhury Mashhud Zia , Azam MG , Gomes Hemanta I , Rahman Arifur , Jahan Mah Noor 
Published: July 2021

Transradial access has now a days become a standard of care for percutaneous coronary angiography & intervention. This approach has demonstrated significant reduction in bleeding rate, length of hospital stay and improvement in clinical outcomes when compared to the traditional TF approach. However this novel approach may lead to severe catheter kinking & twisting and further manipulation may require unraveling the catheter and avoiding complication. The fracture of a guide catheter is an uncommon complication during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). It sometimes occurs during engagement of the right coronary ostium, when there is excessive twisting of the guide catheter. An interesting case of complete fracture of a 6 Fr Ikari guide catheter in the brachial artery during transradial coronary intervention is presented.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2018; 8 (1&2): 66-70
Evaluation of Outcome of Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture with Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS)
Authors: Hakim Jonaed , Jahan Afrina , Khan Mahbubur Rahman , Reza Md Humayun , Zilani Rasel Al , Muhammad Shahiduzzaman - , Choudhury MKI Quayyum 
Published: July 2021

Background & Objective: Intertrochanteric femur fractures are becoming increasingly common as our population ages. Effective treatment strategies that result in high rates of union of these fractures and low rates of complication are important. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical outcome of intertrochanteric fracture treated with dynamic hip screw, among many other fixation techniques available to fix intertrochanteric fractures.
Methods: This prospective interventional study was done in the Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka between June 2013 to November 2014. A total of 30 patients having intertrochanteric femur fracture were treated with Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS) after doing all necessary investigations for anesthetic fitness. Regular follow up was done up to six months after each operation and was observed for fracture healing, stability, complications and functional outcome by the prescribed scoring system (Harris Hip Score).
Result: Nearly one third (30.0%) of the patients belonged to 7th decade and male to female ratio was 1:1.3. According to Harris Hip Score, 13(44.82%) patients were rated as excellent, 9 (31.03%) good, 5(17.24%) fair and 2(6.89%) poor.
Conclusion: Dynamic hip screw (DHS) is a reliable method of fixing the stable intertrochanteric femur fractures. The reliability and long-term effect of dynamic hip screw used to treat intertrochanteric fractures of unstable variety are unsatisfactory and not up to the mark.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2019; 9 (1&2): 36-41
Prediction of Perinatal Outcome with Meconium-stained Liquor
Authors: Khatun Monowara , Parvin Runa , Naurin Samaria 
Published: July 2021

Background & objective: Passage of meconium in the amniotic fluid during labor has long been considered as fetal compromise resulting from fetal hypoxia or increased vagal activity from cord compression. It is also a sign of normal gastrointestinal tract maturation under neuronal control. However, presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid is traditionally viewed as unfavorable perinatal outcome. So, the present study was contemplated to find the association between grade of meconium during labor and perinatal outcome.
Methods: The present prospective study was conducted in the North Bengal Medical College, Sirajganj between January 2016 – April 2017. Based on predefined criteria, 53 singleton pregnant women with meconium-stained liquor (MSL) on spontaneous or artificial rupture of membrane after 37 completed weeks of gestation were included in the study. Meconium-stained liquor was graded as “Thick” if the fluid was dark green in colour, viscous, tenacious, opalescent or opaque containing large amount of particulate materials and “Thin” if the fluid was translucent, light yellow green in colour without particulate material. The perinatal outcome was evaluated in terms of APGAR score of neonates at 1 and at 5 minutes of birth, NICU admission, resuscitation needed, jaundice and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) due to meconium aspiration. Asphyxia neonatorum was diagnosed if APGAR at birth and/or at 5 minutes was < 7. All the outcomes were then compared between mothers forming ‘Thick’ and ‘Thin’ meconium cohort.
Result: Of the 53 meconium-stained liquor, nearly half (49%) was with ‘Thick’ meconium and the half (51%) was with ‘Thin’ meconium. Approximately 85% of the neonates were delivered by lower uterine caesarean section (LUCS) and 80% of the neonates were asphyxiated at birth which reduced to 15.1% at 5 minutes. More than three-quarters (75.5%) of the neonates required resuscitation and 28.3% had respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The incidences of asphyxia neonatorum, resuscitation needed and RDS were significantly higher in ‘Thick’ meconium cohort than those in ‘Thin’ meconium cohort with risks of having these conditions in the former cohort being 6(95% CI = 1.1–31.2), 4.5(95% CI = 1.1–18.9) and 4.2(95% CI = 1.1–15.7) times higher respectively than those in the latter cohort (p = 0.021, p = 0.031 and p = 0.026 respectively).
Conclusion: Majority of the neonates born of mothers with thick meconium cohort are asphyxiated, need resuscitation and/or develop RDS. Asphyxia neonatorum, need for resuscitation and RDS are significantly higher in ‘Thick’ meconium cohort than those in ‘Thin’ meconium cohort with risks of having these conditions in the former cohort being several times higher than those in the latter cohort.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2019; 9 (1&2): 67-73
comercio dialógico, complejo e innovador, pauta para la reconceptualización de las estrategias didácticas
Authors: Martínez-García Marcelino 
Published: July 2021

Las estrategias didácticas constituyen un constructo que, al implementarse, tienen cierto aporte teórico y metodológico en su origen, empero, al cobrar vida en el contexto, tienen una enorme carga de las conceptualizaciones e ideas propias, de quien las implementa. La operacionalidad del constructo denominado estrategia, requiere ser revisado, en especial la relación de este con el avance en los aprendizajes de los alumnos y los significados que emplean los docentes para este ejercicio.
En el Subsistema de Escuelas Secundarias Generales, las estrategias didácticas funcionan en estructuras parcelizadas, descritas en el currículum como asignaturas disciplinares, estas, cual castillos feudales, coexisten al interior de las escuelas, signadas entre normalizaciones culturales, legales, gremiales, organizativas y administrativas, propias de un paradigma simplificante y fragmentado.
Las escuelas, anquilosadas en sistemas sustentados en procesos ya no pertinentes, se ven superadas y colapsadas por las diferentes necesidades sociales y de la incertidumbre en la que viven y que por lo general ignoran, la emergencia sanitaria COVID-19 ha puesto de manifiesto este desfase, y ha elevado a nivel de colapso social, la existencia de procedimientos rígidos, mecanizados y restrictivos. En este mundo colmado de insuficiencias, las estrategias didácticas subsisten.
La presente propuesta, se sustenta en el paradigma de la complejidad y en los planteamientos transdisciplinares, asumiendo al comercio dialógico, complejo e innovador, como pauta para la reconceptualización de las formas de concebir, construir e implementar las estrategias didácticas.
Circulating progastrin-releasing peptide in the diagnosis of Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) and in therapeutic monitoring
Authors: Barchiesi Vittoria , Simeon Vittorio , Sandomenico Claudia , Cantile Monica , Cerasuolo Dionigio , Chiodini Paolo , Morabito Alessandro , Cavalcanti Ernesta 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Progastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP), a precursor of GRP, has been recently reported as a putative circulating biomarker for differential diagnosis between non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and SCLC. We evaluated the diagnostic effectiveness of proGRP to differentiate patients with NSCLC and SCLC and the usefulness of combined measurement of proGRP and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) for diagnosing SCLC.
Methods: Serum proGRP, NSE, cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 (CYFRA 21.1), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC Ag) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were prospectively collected and measured in patients with a new diagnosis of lung cancer. Serum proGRP was also measured in healthy subjects. The serum proGRP, NSE, CYFRA 21.1 and CEA concentrations were determined by an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and the serum SCC Ag concentration was determined by an automated immunofluorescence assay. Differences between proGRP and NSE in patients with SCLC and NSCLC were evaluated and compared using Mann-Whitney test.
Results: A total of 77 patients affected by SCLC (n = 17) and NSCLC (n = 60) were enrolled in the present study. Moreover, 50 cases of healthy subjects were analyzed for proGRP. SCLC patients showed a significantly higher proGRP (1,484 pg/mL; range 168-3,777) levels compared to NSCLC patients (45 pg/mL; range 31.7-60.6), p<0.0001. In healthy subjects the median proGRP level was 36.1 (28.8-43.5) pg/mL, significantly lower than SCLC patients. ProGRP showed a higher specificity when compared to NSE, with a difference in proportion of 47.5% (95% confidence interval 32.5% to 62.5%, p<0.001). Serial measurements of proGRP in SCLC patients showed a decrease in responsive chemotherapy patients.