bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Burden of Subclinical and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Adults With Metabolically Healthy Obesity: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Commodore-Mensah Yvonne , Lazo Mariana , Tang Olive , Echouffo-Tcheugui Justin B. , Ndumele Chiadi E. , Nambi Vijay , Wang Dan , Ballantyne Christie , Selvin Elizabeth 
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE
It is controversial whether adults who are obese but “metabolically healthy” have cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk comparable with that of normal-weight adults. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), a biomarker of myocardial damage, is useful in characterizing subclinical CVD. We categorized obesity phenotypes and studied their associations with subclinical and clinical CVD and CVD subtypes, including heart failure (HF).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We conducted cross-sectional and prospective analyses of 9,477 adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. We used the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria and BMI to define obesity phenotypes as follows: metabolically healthy normal weight, metabolically healthy overweight, metabolically healthy obese, metabolically unhealthy normal weight, metabolically unhealthy overweight, and metabolically unhealthy obese.

RESULTS
At baseline (1990–1992), mean age was 56 years, 56% were female, 23% were Black, and 25% had detectable hs-cTnT (≥6 ng/L). Over a median of 17 years of follow-up, there were 2,603 clinical CVD events. Those with the metabolically healthy obese (hazard ratio [HR] 1.38, 95% CI 1.15–1.67), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.30–1.76), metabolically unhealthy overweight (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.41–1.82), and metabolically unhealthy obese (HR 2.14, 95% CI 1.88–2.44) phenotypes had higher CVD risks in comparison with metabolically healthy normal weight. Detectable hs-cTnT (≥6 ng/L) was associated with higher CVD risk, even among metabolically healthy normal-weight adults. Metabolically healthy obese adults had higher HF risk (HR 1.65, 95% CI 1.30–2.09) in comparison with metabolically healthy normal weight.

CONCLUSIONS
The metabolically healthy obese phenotype was associated with excess burden of clinical CVD, primarily driven by an excess risk of HF. hs-cTnT was useful in stratifying CVD risk across all obesity phenotypes, even among obese individuals who appear otherwise metabolically healthy.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Sains Berbasis Prezi untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar pada Materi Penggolongan Hewan
Authors: Muharni Muharni , Alpusari Mahmud , Putra Zetra Hainul 
Published: May 2021

This study aims to design and develop Prezi based learning media on animal classification topic. The method used is research and development based on ADDIE model, including analysis, design, develop, implementation, and evaluation. Data were collected through questionnaires. After analyzing curriculum and design Prezi based learning media on animal classification, the research continued into the developmental process. In this step, the media were validated by three experts, namely language, media, and content experts. The results showed Prezi based learning media on animal classification has high validation criteria to be used in learning science in elementary school. Then, Prezi based learning media was tested with 21 third grade students from a private school in Pekanbaru. The results shows that Prezi based learning media have effective in supporting students to learn animal classification, and the students were very motivating and enjoy learning. The implication of this study is that there is high potential for using Prezi based learning media in learning science. Keywords: animal classification, development research, Prezi-based learning.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis Prezi pada topik klasifikasi hewan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan berdasarkan model ADDIE, meliputi analisis, perancangan, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner. Setelah menganalisis kurikulum dan merancang media pembelajaran berbasis Prezi pada klasifikasi hewan, penelitian dilanjutkan ke proses pengembangan. Pada tahap ini media divalidasi oleh tiga orang ahli yaitu ahli bahasa, ahli media, dan ahli isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan media pembelajaran berbasis Prezi klasifikasi hewan memiliki kriteria validasi tinggi untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran IPA di sekolah dasar. Kemudian media pembelajaran berbasis Prezi diujicobakan kepada 21 siswa kelas III sekolah swasta di Pekanbaru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis Prezi efektif dalam mendukung siswa dalam belajar klasifikasi hewan, dan siswa sangat memotivasi serta menikmati pembelajaran. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah tingginya potensi penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis Prezi dalam pembelajaran IPA.Kata kunci: penelitian pengembangan, pembelajaran berbasis Prezi.
Aplicación de lixiviados de vermicompost y respuesta agronómica de dos variedades de pimiento
Authors: Alcivar-Llivicura Maria Fernanda , Vera-Rodríguez José Humberto , Arévalo Serrano Omar Juvenal , Arévalo S. Byron David , Pachar O Lorena Elizabeth , Castillo R Charly Bryan , Carlosama M Lisbeth Katherine , Arizabal C. Joan Andrés , Paltán M Noé David 
Published: May 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo fué evaluar el efecto de lixiviados de vermicompost a base de Residuos Vegetales y Gallinaza; Residuos Vegetales y Agroindustriales y la combinación de los dos lixiviados, en dosis de 60 y 90 l ha-1 sobre el desarrollo y producción del pimiento. El estudió se efectuó en variedades de pimiento Marconi y Wonder, en total se establecieron siete tratamientos con tres repeticiones. La mejor respuesta en diámetro del fruto en ambas variedades evaluadas correspondió a los tratamientos de Lixiviado de Residuos Vegetales y Agroindustriales 90 l ha-1y Lixiviado Combinado 90 l ha-1 siendo superiores al control con valores de entre 52 y 15%. Por otro lado, la mayor longitud del fruto fue evidenciada en el tratamiento Lixiviado Combinado 90 l ha-1. En tanto que, la biomasa radicular incrementó en todos los tratamientos donde se aplicó el lixiviado. En la producción, definida por peso del fruto, los tratamientos sobresalientes fueron Lixiviado de Residuos Vegetales y Agroindustriales 90 l ha-1 y Lixiviado Combinado 90 l ha-1. De este modo, podemos concluir que el uso de lixiviados de vermicompost en dosis de 90 l ha-1 representa una alternativa para potenciar el rendimiento del pimiento. En adición, la combinación de estos dos tipos de lixiviados ejerce un efecto sinérgico sobre la fisiología y producción de este vegetal.
Teaching efficacy of U.S. Air Force enlisted professional military educators during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Keys Jason 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, U.S. Air Force Enlisted Professional Military Education (EPME) was forced to deliver traditionally in-person leadership development interventions in an online, instructor-facilitated format for the first time in the history of the programme. Despite the absence of training to teach in online learning environments, hundreds of instructors within 80 schoolhouses were charged with embracing this pedagogic shift to continue developing enlisted leaders during a global pandemic. This study examined the sense of self-efficacy of 129 instructors across all levels of U.S. Air Force EPME by utilising a 32-item self-efficacy measurement instrument. This study has implications for enlisted and officer professional military education leaders interested in training and developing faculty to teach in online learning environments. Overall, instructors felt confident in their abilities to teach online, despite pre-service training having focussed solely on in-person instruction. Results indicated a positive relationship between higher senses of self-efficacy and years of instructors’ experience. Instructors who worked with an instructional support specialist showed a significantly higher sense of self-efficacy than instructors who did not. Future studies should aim to integrate multiple perspectives of the efficacy of U.S. Air Force EPME instructors, such as those from students, administrators and colleagues.
Delineating and Interpreting the Gold Veins Within Bida and Zungeru Area, Niger State Nigeria, Using Aeromagnetic and Radiometric Data
Authors: Aliyu Shakirat Bukola , Adetona Abbass. Adebayo , Adewuyi Rafiu Abdulwaheed , Jude Ejepu , Adewumi Taiwo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Both Airborne Magnetic and Radiometric datasets were employed to interpret the geology and geological structures that serve as host to gold and associated minerals within the Bida and Zungeru, Niger State, Nigeria. An area of 55 by 110km2, contained within the cretaceous sediments of Bida Basin and the meta-sediments of Zungeru-sarkin-pawa schist belt. Data interpretation involve the application of a mathematical algorithm for data enhancing such as, Reduce to the Equator, Analytical signal, First Vertical Derivative, and Centre for Exploration Targeting (CET) to the magnetic data, and Ternary imaging to the radiometric data, with a sole aim of mapping geological structures such as faults fracture folds joints and geological boundaries and possible gold mineralization veins that arise from hydrothermally altered zones. Two major geological units inhibit the study area, the cretaceous sediment, and the meta-sediments, major feature identifies within the Cretaceous sediment are the folds majority of which are located within the contacts. The result of the 1VD display is the vivid picture of the observed structural features such as faults fractures folds’ contacts labeled F1 to F8 both within the high region of magnetic susceptibility (in red) and low regions (in blue) geology contacts (yellow), folds (bold yellow) all across the field. Prominently at the North-Western corner of the study area are sets of linear structure that trend NE-SW, located within the contacts between the mylonites and the amphibolites and the belt-type meta-sediments located around Katakwo, Gindei, Kwange, Gabas and Akusu villages. Equallyworth mentioning are sets of lineament (in blue) trend E-W all across the mid-region of the study area, precisely at the Eastern corner within and below the Federal University of Technology Minna around Kata-eregi, Sabon-Dagan, Kakaki down Minkwoigi, Sunbwagi, Kakagi, Sabon dagga, and Bobo-shiri towns, where the majority of volcanic activities must have been recorded. The airborne radiometric show mobilization of the immobile thorium Th, concentration, and this also indicated hydrothermally altered zones. The increase in potassium concentration and decrease in K/Th relation observed from radiometric interpretation are very pinpointing of hydrothermal activities within the study area. The gold mineralisations are found within this vein and in the adjacent, highly deformed host rock located below the Federal University of Technology Minna Campus. The deformation seems to comprise principally of pebbly schist, amphibolites along fine-grained and magnetite.
Interfering Embodiment Effects on Chinese “Transfer Verbs”
Authors: Wang Huili , Li Linxi , Yan Xiaoli , de Vega Manuel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This research aims to explore the processing of embodied meaning during the comprehension of Chinese transfer verbs which is different from the typical structure of transfer verbs in English and other Indo-European languages. An Action-sentence Compatibility Effect (ACE) paradigm was used, in which participants were asked to read sentences describing a transfer verb either away from (At the court, a player throws tennis ball to opposite side) or toward themselves (At the court, a player throws tennis ball to my side). Following the transfer verb, a visual motion cue appeared on the screen after one of the three stimulus onset asychrony (SOA), prompting participants to move their hand either away from or toward themselves by pressing a button. The results showed that under short SOAs (cue presented 100 ms or 200 ms after the verb onset), interference occurred in the matching conditions. After larger delaying of the cue (350 ms), facilitation emerged in matching conditions. The results reflect special features in describing motion events by using Chinese transfer verbs, providing evidence that the comprehension of transfer-verb sentences in Mandarin activates the sensory-motor systems of our body, either interfering or facilitating a motor response performed in parallel.
6. Effect of Erk vs. PI3 Kinase Activation by the Middle Tumour Antigen of Polyoma Virus Upon Gap Junctional, Intercellular Communication of Cultured Cells
Authors: Greer Samantha 
Published: May 2021

Gap junctions are protein channels that permit the passage of small molecules and ions between adjacent cells. Gap junctional permeability is thought to lead to decreased cellular proliferation. In fact, a number of oncogenes, such as the middle tumour antigen of polyoma virus (mT), are known to interrupt gap junctional, intercellular communication (GJIC). The Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk and phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3 kinase)/Akt signalling pathways, two commonly studied pathways in malignancy, are both activated by mT, and are both required for complete transformation by mT. This study is the first to investigate the effects of Erk vs. PI3 kinase activation by mT on GJIC in cultured cells. To this effect, two mT mutants,impaired in their ability to activate either the Erk or PI3 kinase pathway, were expressed through retroviral infection in rat liver epithelial T51B cells which have extensive GJIC. A novel in situ electroporation technique was used to quantitate the degree of GJIC in T51B cells expressing each mT mutant. The results showed that the Erk‐activating mutant exhibited the interrupted GJIC that is characteristic of mT expression, while the PI3 kinase‐activating mutant displayed levels of GJIC comparable to those observed in wild‐type T51B cells. This suggests that Erk activation by mT is sufficient to suppress GJIC, while PI3 kinase activation, despite its contribution to neoplastic transformation, is unable to interrupt GJIC. Given the importance of GJIC in cellular proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation, identifying the pathways affecting gap junctional permeability may yield novel targets for cancer therapy.
EFEKTIVITAS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 22/PUU-XV/2017 TENTANG BATAS USIA PERKAWINAN
Authors: Hadiati Mia , Syailendra Moody R , Marfungah Luthfi , Ramadhan Febriansyah , Monalisa Monalisa , Gunawan Anggraeni Sari 
Published: May 2021

This paper will discuss how the post-judicial decision of the Constitutional Court has a minimum age of marriage for woman and consideration in the values of human rights. This paper aims to provide an understanding to the public that the importance of paying attention to the age of marriage is a form of protection of children’s rights, and as an effort to prevent discrimination against woman. The research method used is a combination of normative legal research and empirical legal research. The research material that will be used in this research includes secondary data and primary data. Primary data were obtained directly from samples / research subjects. While the legal materials for secondary data in this study were obtained from library materials related to the problem. After the verdict of the Constitutional Court at a minimum age is married to a 19-year-old woman in terms of the values of human rights, and this is one form of public awareness and responsibility of the state for the protection and fulfillment of human rights (children’s rights and principles of nondiscrimination) and constitutional rights. This issue further looks at the future impact of child marriage for woman can lead to discriminatory actions against woman related to the issue of legal position between men and women who will directly violate children’s rights. Tulisan ini akan membahas bagaimana pasca-putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi usia minimal menikah bagi perempuan dan pertimbangan dalam nilai-nilai hak asasi manusia. Tulisan ini bertujuan: memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat bahwa pentingnya memperhatikan usia menikah sebagai salah satu bentuk perlindungan terhadap hak-hak anak dan sebagai salah satu upaya pencegahan tindakan diskriminasi terhadap perempuan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yakni perpaduan antara penelitian hukum normatif dan penelitian hukum empiris. Bahan penelitian yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi data sekunder maupun data primer. Data primer diperoleh secara langsung dari sampel/subjek penelitian. Sedangkan bahan hukum data sekunder dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari bahan-bahan pustaka yang berhubungan dengan permasalahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pasca-putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi usia minimal menikah bagi perempuan 19 (sembilan belas) tahun menunjukan sangat sarat dengan pertimbangan nilai-nilai hak asasi manusia, dan ini merupakan salah satu bentuk kesadaran masyarakat dan tanggung jawab negara atas perlindungan dan pemenuhan terhadap hak asasi (hak-hak anak, dan prinsip non diskriminasi) dan hak konstitusi. Persoalan ini lebih jauh melihat kedepan dampak dari perkawinan usia anak bagi perempuan dapat menimbulkan tindakan diskriminasi terhadap perempuan terkait dengan persoalan kedudukan hukum antara laki-laki dan perempuan yang secara langsung akan terjadinya pelanggaran terhadap hak-hak anak.
GAMBARAN KESEJAHTERAAN SPIRITUAL USHER DEWASA MADYA DI GEREJA X JAKARTA
Authors: Faren Graciella , Tumanggor Raja Oloan 
Published: May 2021

Well-being is something that most people look for. Not only about material, well-being is essentially an achievement of harmony in life from physical, intellectual, social, mental, and also spiritual aspects. Likewise, spirituality becomes one of the supports of individuals to carry out life. Spiritual well-being is important in the lives of middle-aged individuals who have experienced many changes in their lives. These changes have a certain impact on the lives of middle-aged individuals, where middle-aged individuals will evaluate themselves more and live a better quality. This study aims to determine the description of the spiritual well-being of church servants “Church X” in Jakarta. Spiritual well-being is not only focused on the person and God, but other dimensions are related to one another. The research method used is a mixed method that combines questionnaires and interviews. The subjects of this study are the church servants in “Church X” Jakarta, amounting to 33 servants who distributed questionnaires and 3 servants to be interviewed. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the picture of spiritual well- being of church-servants in Church X is said to be high and has positive well-being from every dimension, personal, communal, environmental and, transcendental. Kesejahteraan adalah sesuatu yang dicari oleh kebanyakan orang. Tidak hanya materi, kesejahteraan pada hakikatnya merupakan pencapaian keharmonisan dalam hidup baik dari aspek fisik, intelektual, sosial, mental maupun spiritual. Demikian pula spiritualitas menjadi salah satu penunjang individu dalam menjalani kehidupan. Kesejahteraan spiritual penting dalam kehidupan individu paruh baya yang telah mengalami banyak perubahan dalam hidup mereka. Perubahan ini memiliki dampak tertentu pada kehidupan individu paruh baya, di mana individu paruh baya akan lebih mengevaluasi diri dan menjalani kualitas yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kesejahteraan spiritual pelayan gereja di Jakarta. Kesejahteraan spiritual tidak hanya terfokus pada pribadi dan Tuhan, tetapi dimensi lain terkait satu dengan yang lainnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode campuran yang menggabungkan kuesioner dan wawancara. Subjek penelitian ini adalah abdi gereja di “Gereja X” Jakarta yang berjumlah 33 orang dengan menyebarkan kuesioner dan 3 orang untuk diwawancarai. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa gambaran kesejahteraan spiritual hamba-hamba Gereja di Gereja X dikatakan tinggi dan memiliki kesejahteraan yang positif dari setiap dimensi baik personal, komunal, lingkungan dan transendental.
Dyskurs "fake newsa"
Authors: Palczewski Marek 
Published: May 2021

DOI 10.24917/20837275.11.1.2
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie dyskursu fake newsa w konfrontacji z dyskursem newsa. Za wzorzec analizy dyskursu newsa przyjąłem teorię dyskursu Teuna van Dijka. Analiza studiów kilku przypadków fake newsa pozwoliła na wyciągnięcie wniosków dotyczących struktury fake newsa i odpowiedź na pytanie, jak jest w ogóle możliwy dyskurs fake newsa. Analiza pokazała, że warunki jego możliwości tkwią m.in. w podobieństwach strukturalnych, wspólnych wartościach informacyjnych, zmianach technologicznych w mediach i sposobach odczytywania wiadomości przez odbiorców. Zjawisko rozpowszechniania się fake newsów stwarza obecnie zagrożenie dla funkcjonowania sfery publicznej, dlatego konieczna jest edukacja medialna skoncentrowana przede wszystkim na umiejętności krytycznej analizy źródeł informacji.
Fake News as DiscourseThe purpose of this article is to present the fake news discourse in confrontation with the news discourse. For the pattern of the discourse analysis of the news, I adopted T. van Dijk’s theory of discourse. Analysis of the study of several cases of fake news allowed to draw conclusions about the structure of fake news and the answer to the question of how the fake news discourse is at all possible. The analysis showed that the conditions of its possibilities are among others in structural similarities, common news values, technological chan in the media and how recipients read messages. The phenomenon of spreading fake news now creates threat for the functioning of the public sphere. For this reason, media education should focus primarily on the ability to critically analyze sources of information.
A Comprehensive Study of Adaptive LNA Nonlinearity Compensation Methods in Direct RF Sampling Receivers
Authors: Anh Vu Ngoc , Le Hai Nam , Tham Tran Thi Hong , Kien Trinh Quang 
Published: May 2021

This paper studies the effects of nonlinear distortion of Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) for the multichannel direct-RF sampling receiver (DRF). The main focus of our work is to study and compare the effectiveness of the different adaptive compensation algorithms, including the inverse-based and subtract-based Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm with a fixed and variable step size. The models for the compensation circuits have been analytically derived. As the major improvements, the effectiveness of the compensation circuits under the ADC quantization noise effect is evaluated. The bit-error-rates (BER) in dynamic signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scenarios are calculated. We have proposed the use of variable step-size LMS (VLMS) to shorten the convergence time and to improve the compensation effect in general.
To evaluate and compare different compensation methods, a complex Matlab model of the Ultra high frequency (UHF) DRF with 4-QPSK channels was implemented. The simulation results show that all compensation methods significantly improve the receiver performance, with the convergence time of the VLMS algorithm does not exceed 5.104 samples, the adjacent channel power ratios (ACPR) are reduced more than 30 dBc, and the BERs decrease by 2­–3 orders of magnitude, compared with the non-compensated results. The simulation results also indicate that the subtraction method in general has better performance than the inversion method.