bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of drug-induced cardiac arrhythmia during COVID-19 therapeutic treatment
Authors: Vitiello Antonio , Ferrara Francesco 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTherapeutic treatment of severe COVID-19 infection involves the administration of multiple pharmacologic agents to reduce the risk of serious complications; this may result in drug interactions and possible adverse reactions and induced cardiotoxicity. The risk–benefit ratio associated with the use of medications to treat COVID-19 should be carefully monitored. In addition, the severe COVID-19 patient may experience cardiac damage, and alteration of normal cardiac electrophysiology function. Severe COVID-19 with cardiac involvement and the risk of drug-induced adverse reactions may cause cardiac arrhythmias, including long qt syndrome, which in some cases may lead to sudden death. In this short review we briefly review the pharmacological agents used to treat severe COVID-19 with increased risk of causing long qt forms.
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: clues for an immunopathogenesis common to CVST observed in COVID-19
Authors: Mazzeo Anna Teresa , Noto Alberto , Asmundo Alessio , Granata Francesca , Galletta Karol , Mallamace Raffaella , De Gregorio Cesare , Puliatti Francesco , Fazio Maria Carolina , Germano’ Antonino , Musolino Caterina , Ferlazzo Guido 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 has been responsible for an unprecedented pandemic, and nowadays, several vaccines proved to be effective and safe, representing the only available strategy to stop the pandemic. While millions of people have safely received vaccine, rare and unusual thrombotic events have been reported and are undergoing investigations to elucidate their nature. Understanding initial trigger, underlying pathophysiology and the reasons for specific site localization of thrombotic events are a matter of debate.We here propose that rare cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, a clinical event that may rapidly evolve to brain death, reported after COVID-19 vaccine, might be consequent to an immune response resulting in inflamed/damaged endothelium, an event similar to that described for cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis reported during COVID-19 and not necessarily related to anti-Platelets Factor 4 antibodies, as recently described. Remarkably, in the two patients presenting at our hospital with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and evolved to brain death, proper tissue perfusion and function maintenance allowed organ donation despite extensive thrombosis in the organ donors, with favorable outcome at 6 months.Increased vigilance, close multidisciplinary collaboration, and further prospective research will help to better elucidate a very rare and still not fully understood pathophysiological event associated with vaccines for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Venetoclax in Previously Treated Waldenström Macroglobulinemia
Authors: Castillo Jorge J. , Allan John N. , Siddiqi Tanya , Advani Ranjana H. , Meid Kirsten , Leventoff Carly , White Timothy P. , Flynn Catherine A. , Sarosiek Shayna , Branagan Andrew R. , Demos Maria G. , Guerrera Maria L. , Kofides Amanda , Liu Xia , Munshi Manit , Tsakmaklis Nicholas , Xu Lian , Yang Guang , Patterson Christopher J. , Hunter Zachary R. , Davids Matthew S. , Furman Richard R. , Treon Steven P. 
Published: November 2021

PURPOSE BCL2 is overexpressed and confers prosurvival signaling in malignant lymphoplasmacytic cells in Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM). Venetoclax is a potent BCL2 antagonist and triggers in vitro apoptosis of WM cells. The activity of venetoclax in WM remains to be clarified. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a multicenter, prospective phase II study of venetoclax in patients with previously treated WM ( NCT02677324 ). Venetoclax was dose-escalated from 200 mg to a maximum dose of 800 mg daily for up to 2 years. RESULTS Thirty-two patients were evaluable, including 16 previously exposed to Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis). All patients were MYD88 L265P–mutated, and 17 carried CXCR4 mutations. The median time to minor and major responses was 1.9 and 5.1 months, respectively. Previous exposure to BTKis was associated with a longer time to response (4.5 v 1.4 months; P < .001). The overall, major, and very good partial response rates were 84%, 81%, and 19%, respectively. The major response rate was lower in those with refractory versus relapsed disease (50% v 95%; P = .007). The median follow-up time was 33 months, and the median progression-free survival was 30 months. CXCR4 mutations did not affect treatment response or progression-free survival. The only recurring grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse event was neutropenia (n = 14; 45%), including one episode of febrile neutropenia. Laboratory tumor lysis without clinical sequelae occurred in one patient. No deaths have occurred. CONCLUSION Venetoclax is safe and highly active in patients with previously treated WM, including those who previously received BTKis. CXCR4 mutation status did not affect treatment response.
Research Evaluating Staff Training Online for Resilience (RESTORE): Protocol for a single-arm feasibility study of an online Acceptance and Commitment Therapy intervention to improve staff wellbeing in palliative care settings
Authors: Finucane Anne , Hulbert-Williams Nicholas J , Swash Brooke , Spiller Juliet A , Lydon Brigid , Gillanders David 
Published: November 2021

Background Palliative care workers commonly experience workplace stress and distress. General stressors include unmanageable workloads and staff shortages. Stressors specific to palliative care include regular exposure to death, loss and grief. The COVID pandemic exacerbated exhaustion and burnout across the healthcare system, including for those providing palliative care. Evidence based psychological support interventions, tailored to the needs and context of palliative care workers, are needed. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is an established form of cognitive behavioural therapy which uses behavioural psychology, values, acceptance, and mindfulness techniques to improve mental health and wellbeing. ACT is effective in improving workplace wellbeing in many occupational settings. Our study examines the acceptability and feasibility of an online ACT-based intervention to improve mental health and wellbeing in staff caring for people with an advanced progressive illness. Methods A single-arm feasibility trial. We will seek to recruit 30 participants to take part in an 8- week online ACT-based intervention, consisting of three synchronous facilitated group sessions and five asynchronous self-directed learning modules. We will use convergent mixed methods to evaluate the feasibility of the intervention. Quantitative feasibility outcomes will include participant recruitment and retention rates, alongside completion rates of measures assessing stress, quality of life, wellbeing, and psychological flexibility. Focus groups and interviews will explore participant perspectives on the intervention. We will run a stakeholder workshop to further refine the intervention and identify outcomes for use in a future evaluation. Results We will describe participant perspectives on intervention acceptability, format, content, and perceived impact alongside rates of intervention recruitment, retention, and outcome measure completion. Conclusion We will show whether a brief, online ACT intervention is acceptable to, and feasible for palliative care workers. Findings will be used to further refine the intervention and provide essential information on outcome assessment prior to a full-scale evaluation.
Quantifying the economic burden of unintended pregnancies due to drug–drug interactions with hormonal contraceptives from the United States payer perspective
Authors: Srinivasan Meenakshi , White Annesha , Lott Jason , Williamson Todd , Kong Sheldon X , Plouffe Leo 
Published: November 2021

Background:In the United States of America (USA), nearly 10 million women use oral contraceptives (OCs). Concomitant administration of certain medications can result in contraceptive failure, and consequently unintended pregnancies due to drug–drug interactions (DDIs). The objective of this analysis was to estimate the economic impact of unintended pregnancies due to DDIs among women of reproductive age using an OC alone or in combination with an enzyme inducer co-medication in the USA from a payer perspective.Methods:A Markov model using a cohort of 1,000 reproductive-age women was developed to estimate costs due to contraceptive failure for OC aloneversusOC with concomitant enzyme inducer drugs. All women were assumed to begin an initial state, continuing until experiencing an unintended pregnancy. Unintended pregnancies could result in birth, induced abortion, spontaneous abortion, or ectopic pregnancy. The cohort was analyzed over a time horizon of 1 year with a cycle length of 1 month. Estimates of costs and probabilities of unintended pregnancy outcomes were obtained from the literature. Probabilities from the Markov cohort trace was used to estimate number of pregnancy outcomes.Results:On average, enzyme inducers resulted in 20 additional unintended pregnancies with additional unadjusted and adjusted costs median (range) of USD136,304 (USD57,436–USD320,093) and USD65,146 (USD28,491–USD162,635), respectively. The major component of the direct cost is attributed to the cost of births. Considering the full range of events, DDIs with enzyme inducers could result in 16–25 additional unintended pregnancies and total unadjusted and adjusted costs ranging between USD46,041 to USD399,121 and USD22,839 to USD202,788 respectively.Conclusion:The direct costs associated with unintended pregnancies due to DDIs may be substantial and are potentially avoidable. Greater awareness of DDI risk with oral contraceptives among payers, physicians, pharmacists and patients may reduce unintended pregnancies in at-risk populations.
What are the most important unanswered research questions on rapid review methodology? A James Lind Alliance research methodology Priority Setting Partnership: the Priority III study protocol
Authors: Beecher Claire , Toomey Elaine , Maeso Beccy , Whiting Caroline , Stewart Derek C. , Worrall Andrew , Elliott Jim , Smith Maureen , Tierney Theresa , Blackwood Bronagh , Maguire Teresa , Kampman Melissa , Ling Benny , Gravel Christopher , Gill Catherine , Healy Patricia , Houghton Catherine , Booth Andrew , Garritty Chantelle , Thomas James , Tricco Andrea C. , Burke Nikita N. , Keenan Ciara , Westmore Matthew , Devane Declan 
Published: November 2021

Background: The value of rapid reviews in informing health care decisions is more evident since the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. While systematic reviews can be completed rapidly, rapid reviews are usually a type of evidence synthesis in which components of the systematic review process may be simplified or omitted to produce information more efficiently within constraints of time, expertise, funding or any combination thereof. There is an absence of high-quality evidence underpinning some decisions about how we plan, do and share rapid reviews. We will conduct a modified James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership to determine the top 10 unanswered research questions about how we plan, do and share rapid reviews in collaboration with patients, public, reviewers, researchers, clinicians, policymakers and funders. Methods: An international steering group consisting of key stakeholder perspectives (patients, the public, reviewers, researchers, clinicians, policymakers and funders) will facilitate broad reach, recruitment and participation across stakeholder groups. An initial online survey will identify stakeholders’ perceptions of research uncertainties about how we plan, do and share rapid reviews. Responses will be categorised to generate a long list of questions. The list will be checked against systematic reviews published within the past three years to identify if the question is unanswered. A second online stakeholder survey will rank the long list in order of priority. Finally, a virtual consensus workshop of key stakeholders will agree on the top 10 unanswered questions. Discussion: Research prioritisation is an important means for minimising research waste and ensuring that research resources are targeted towards answering the most important questions. Identifying the top 10 rapid review methodology research priorities will help target research to improve how we plan, do and share rapid reviews and ultimately enhance the use of high-quality synthesised evidence to inform health care policy and practice.
I_2-Relative uniform convergence and Korovkin type approximation
Authors: Yildiz Sevda 
Published: November 2021

In the present paper, an interesting type of convergence named ideal relative uniform convergence for double sequences of functions has been introduced for the first time. Then, the Korovkin type approximation theorem via this new type of convergence has been proved. An example to show that the new type of convergence is stronger than the convergence considered before has been given. Finally, the rate of I2-relative uniform convergence has been computed.
Czy idąc prosto przed siebie, nie można zajść daleko?
Authors: Winiarska Justyna 
Published: November 2021

Is It True that “If You Run Ahead of Yourself, You Cannot Go Very Far”? Image Schemata and Aphorisms
The author uses a cognitive tool called image schemata to analyse aphorisms. The schemata originate from early bodily experience and are enable to ground the phenomenon of linguistic meaning there. The aphorism is defined not only as a linguistic fact but as a conceptual structure based on an axiological clash. The clash results from profiling opposite values in the used schemata. Considering the language-values relationship, the article adopts a cognitive linguistics approach which claims that valuation is an immanent part of symbolic language units and it mustn’t be relegated to the area of pragmatics. Following Krzeszowski’s concept, the author assumes that preconceptual schemata interact with the SCALE schema. The hearer/reader of the self-contradictory expression must reinterpret it using metaphorical meanings. These are easily available thanks to conceptual metaphors which include image schemata in their source domains.
Jan Baudouin de Courtenay, Czy historia i filologia mogą umiejętnie rozwiązać swoje zadanie bez ścisłego związku z filozofią, a mianowicie z filozofią historii i filozofią języka?
Authors: Kowalski Mateusz 
Published: November 2021

Can History and Philology Competently Address Their Tasks without a Close Connection with Philosophy, Namely Philosophy of History and Philosophy of Language?
The thesis by Jan Baudouin de Courtenay published here is probably the oldest of the texts by the Polish linguist. The text was submitted in 1864 as a part of the logic and philosophy course taught at the Warsaw Main School by Henryk Struve. It clearly shows an attempt by the young researcher to embark on a scholarly path, which turns out to be far from the one Baudouin de Courtenay took later in his academic activity. The future linguist argues here in defence of linguistics as a so-called physical science (a natural skill, as he often calls it in his dissertation), thus contrasting it with philology and history.
Wielojęzyczność w literaturze dokumentu osobistego: funkcje wykładników transkodowych
Authors: Sękowska Elżbieta 
Published: November 2021

Multilingualism in the Literature of Personal Document: Functions of Transcode Markers
The article is dedicated to semantic functions of transcode markers in Polish émigré literature. Two diaries, written respectively by Gustaw Herling-Grudziński and Jan Lechoń, constitute the exemplification material. The diary genre, similarly to letters and memoirs, lends itself to introducing this kind of markers. Their presence reflects the multilingual competence of the author, as well as his mental, social, and psychological experience. The second language enables broadening the referential space of the first language and conveying emotions. The strategy of code switching depends on the motivation and goal of writing a given text. In Herling-Grudziński’s Journal Written by Night, foreign words from different languages abound. They fulfill several functions in the text, namely: metalinguistic, index and stylistic function. Their presence is justified by the content and by the role adopted by the author – the one of an interpreter of the political and social reality. The Diary by Lechoń is different in terms of types of predominant functions which can be distinguished in his text. Besides commenting on the émigré life, the author focuses on his emotions and experiences. Therefore, index and metalinguistic functions turn out to be the most important. Pointing out different strategies of introducing transcode markers in a text by its author is fundamental for the research on bilingualism in émigré writing.
Dez Anos da Guerra Mundial da Síria: O internacional e o subnacional numa das maiores catástrofes humanitárias do Oriente Médio | Ten Years of Syria’s World War: International and subnational in one of the biggest Middle East Humanitarian Disaster
Authors: Figueiredo Marcos Vinícius Mesquita Antunes de 
Published: November 2021

Syria’s War has totalized ten years in 2021 without any glimpse of possible solution. Several religious and ethnic groups struggle for power before Bashar Al-Assad Administration based on the shia-alawite minority, which, nevertheless, keeps control of the capital Damascus and the center-south of the country. This paper aims at researching how Syria Civil War resulted in an international deadlock between Western Powers and Russia in UN Security Council, as well as tracing a balance of a decade of this conflict. The methodology used was literature review coupled with official data on the conflict. All in all, one concludes with collective security theoretical approach that the pitfalls in solving Syria’s crisis is due to political disagreements among the permanent members of the UNSC over the role of ethnic and religious groups after the effects of Arab Spring in that country. Keywords: Syria War. Arab Spring. Security Council. RESUMOA Guerra da Síria completa dez anos em 2021 sem qualquer vislumbre de possível solução. Diversos grupos étnicos e religiosos disputam o poder com a minoria xiita-alauita do governo de Bashar Al-Assad, o qual, no entanto, retém controle da capital Damasco e do centro-sul do país. Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar como a Guerra Civil na Síria produziu uma neutralização internacional entre as potências ocidentais e a Rússia no Conselho de Segurança da ONU e traçar o balanço de uma década desse conflito. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão da literatura combinada com dados oficiais do conflito. Ao final, conclui-se, com a perspectiva teórica da segurança coletiva, que a falência em solucionar a crise síria deveu-se às divergências políticas entre os membros permanentes do CSNU frente ao papel dos grupos étnico-religiosos depois dos efeitos da Primavera Árabe naquele país. Palavras-chave: Guerra na Síria. Primavera Árabe. Conselho de Segurança. Recebido em: 24 mai. 2021 | Aceito em: 23 set. 2021.
General and sports nutrition knowledge among Jordanian adult coaches and athletes: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Elsahoryi Nour Amin , Trakman Gina , Al Kilani Ayah 
Published: November 2021

Background
Nutrition knowledge (NK) is a modifiable determinant of diet intake and can positively influence athletic performance. This study aimed to (1) adapt and translate a validated general and sports NK questionnaire into Arabic (2) assess the NK of Jordanian sportspeople, and (3) evaluate the relationship between NK and various sociodemographic factors.

Methods
The Abridged Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (ANSKQ) was translated into Arabic using forward-backward translation and underwent pilot testing and psychometric validation (internal consistency, test-retest reliability, inter-rater agreement) using a convenience sample of 30 individuals. Following ANSKQ validation, athletes a from 50 sport institutes in Jordan were invited (via email) to complete the Arabic ANSKQ online. Differences in NK based on demographics were analysed using t-test or ANOVA for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables. The ability of demographic factors to predict NK score-category (poor/good/average/excellent) was assessed using multivariate logistic regression.

Results
The Arabic ANSKQ had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.92), test-retest reliability (Pearson r = 0.926) and inter-rater agreement (Cohen’s k statistic = 0.89). A total of 3636 eligible participants completed the Arabic ANSKQ. Participants were mostly athletes (91.4%), female (68.0%), had normal BMI (50.6%), and played high-intensity sports (59.6%). 88.3% of participants had poor NK (<50%). There were statistically significant differences in NK score based on participant role (athlete vs coach), age, gender, BMI, nationality, smoking, years playing sport, sport frequency, sport intensity, and nutrition training. Multivariate modelling showed participant role, BMI, education level, sport frequency and nutrition training were predictors of NK category.

Conclusions
In conclusion, Jordanian sportspeople have poor NK and may benefit from increased nutrition training.
Acceptability and efficacy of vaginal self-sampling for genital infection and bacterial vaginosis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Camus Claire , Penaranda Guillaume , Khiri Hacène , Camiade Sabine , Molet Lucie , Lebsir Melissa , Plauzolles Anne , Chiche Laurent , Blanc Bernard , Quarello Edwin , Halfon Philippe 
Published: November 2021

Background & aim
Screening for genital infection (GI) such as bacterial vaginosis (BV) and yeast infection, for sexually transmitted infection (STI), and for asymptomatic carriage of group B streptococcus (GBS) in pregnant women are common reason for medical appointments. The diagnosis and control of GIs, STIs, and GBS are major issues, for fertility and overall well-being of affected women. Conventional testing is performed using vaginal/cervical classical sampling (VCS); this procedure requires pelvic examination performed by health care professionals which raises concerns among women. Vaginal-self-sampling (VSS), as an alternative to VCS, might capture more women.
The aim was first to show non-inferiority of VSS compared with VCS to screen for GIs, STIs, and GBS; second to determine the feasibility of VSS.

Methods
VSS and VCS from 1027 women were collected by health care professionals and simultaneously carried out on each patient. GIs, STIs, and GBS were systematically screened in both paired VSS and VCS samples. Non-inferiority of VSS compared with VCS was assessed using z statistic for binomial proportions.

Results
Prevalence of GIs were 39.7% using VSS and 38.1% using VCS (p = 0.0016). Prevalence of STIs was 8.5% (VSS) vs 8.1% (VCS) (p = 0.0087). Prevalence of GBS was 13.4% (VSS) and 11.5% (VCS) (p = 0.0001). Most participants (84%) recommended the use of VSS.

Conclusions
This study shows that VSS was not inferior to VCS for the detection of GIs, STIs, and GBS. This study provides evidence that VSS can be used as a universal specimen for detection of lower genital tract infections in women.

Study identification number
ID-RCB 2014-A01250-4.