bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Methods to Quantify Movement Variability in Human-Humanoid Interaction Activities
Authors: Xochicale Miguel , Baber Chris 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Human movement variability arises from the process of mastering redundant (bio)mechanical degrees of freedom to successfully accomplish any given motor task where stability and flexibility of many possible joint combinations helps to adapt to environment conditions. While the analysis of movement of variability is becoming increasingly useful as a diagnostic tool or skill performance evaluation, there are remain challenges on applying the most appropriate methods for their quantification. We therefore investigate reconstructed state space (RSSs), uniform time-delay embedding, recurrence plots (RPs) and recurrence quantification analysis (RQAs) with real-world time-series data of wearable inertial sensors. To which twenty healthy participants imitated vertical and horizontal arm movements in normal and faster velocity from an humanoid robot. We applied RSSs, RPs and RQAs to the time-series data to found visual differences in the patterns of RSSs and RPs and statistical differences with RQAs. We conclude that RQA with Shannon Entropy is a suitable method to quantify activities, types of sensors, windows lengths and level of smoothness. Hence this work might enhance the development of better diagnostic tools for applications in new forms of human-humanoid interaction for quantification of movement adaptations and motor pathologies or rehabilitation and sport science for skill performance.
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Using Left-bundle-branch Area Pacing and Coronary Sinus Pacing
Authors: Feng Xiang-Fei , Zhang Rui , Yu Yi-Chi , Liu Bo , Han Ya-Qin , Lu Qiu-Fen , Li Yi-Gang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Cardiac resynchronization therapy via biventricular pacing (BVP) is an established therapy for patients with heart failure. Recently, it has been shown that left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) is feasible and may also improve clinical outcomes. In this article, we describe a new technique (sequential LBBAP followed by coronary sinus pacing, designated LOT-CRT) and assess the feasibility of LOT-CRT.Methods: The database of all patients with adaptive CRT from single centre was reviewed retrospectively. The eligible patients were divided into two groups, LOT-CRT and BV-CRT. The LBBAP lead implanted using our methods. The QRS duration (QRSd) was measured at baseline and during LBBAP, BVP, and LOT-CRT.Results: The study enrolled 17 consecutive heart failure patients with LBBB. LBBAP failed in 1 patient, succeed in 8 patients, while CS leads were implanted successfully in all patients. At baseline, the two groups (8 cases in LOT-CRT group, 9 cases in BV-CRT group) were matched for QRSd and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM, 5 cases in LOT-CRT group, 4 cases in BV-CRT group). In LOT-CRT group, BVP resulted in significant reduction of the QRSd from 158.0 ± 13.0 ms at baseline to 132.0 ± 4.5 ms (P=0.019). Compared with BVP, unipolar LBBAP resulted in further reduction of the QRSd to 123.0 ± 5.7 ms (P < 0.01). However, LOT-CRT with adaptive algorithm resulted in a significantly greater reduction of the QRSd to 117.0 ± 6.7 ms (P < 0.01). In BV-CRT group, BVP resulted in significant reduction of the QRSd from 176.7 ±19.7 ms at baseline to 143.3 ±8.2 ms (P=0.011). However, compared with LOT-CRT, BVP has no any advantage in reducing QRSd (P >0.05). As compared to the baseline after 3 months of LBBAP, patients in LOT-CRT group showed significant improvement in LVEF and NT-proBNP levels (P < 0.01), while patients in BV-CRT group showed non-significant changes in these parameters (P >0.05).Conclusions: The study demonstrates that LOT-CRT is clinically feasible in patients with systolic HF and LBBB. LOT-CRT was associated with significant narrowing of the QRSd and improvement in LV function, especially in patients with ICM.
An Efficient Compression of Gray Scale Images using Wavelet Transform
Authors: RANJAN RAJIV , Kumar Prabhat 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The rapid development of technology and the standardization of digital photography have led to an explosive growth in digital image distribution and reproduction. The enhancement of storage capacity in computer disks and advancement in networking have not been able to keep pace with the demands of handling, storing and finally transmitting huge volume of image data. Only proper image compression technologies seem to offer a solution to this challenge. The importance of digital image compression in multimedia applications has inspired extensive research all over the world. The present study recommends a newly formulated algorithm by computing Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) in combination with thresholding and quadtree decomposition. Findings prove that the proposed technique is at par with EZW image compression algorithm in terms of quality performance at the same bit rate, and obviates the need for employing any other conventional standard image compression techniques.
Hidden Blood Loss in Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy (PELD): A Prospective Study
Authors: Chen Chong , Xiao Dan , Gu Honglin , Liang Guoyan , Zhang Ruiying , Zheng Xiaoqing , Liang Changxiang , Chang Yunbing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) is a minimally invasive technique for treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) that requires only an eight-mm skin incision and promotes faster recovery. It is widely believed that the procedure is associated with minimal blood loss. However, significant perioperative hidden blood loss (HBL) is frequently unaccounted for. This study aimed to investigate HBL and peri-operative factors contributing to HBL in a series of individuals undergoing PELD.Methods: As a prospective observational study, 156 patients, mean age 41.6 years (ranged from 17 to 71), undergoing PELD were finally enrolled between May 2019 and November 2020. The analyzed factors included gender, age, body mass index (BMI), symptom duration, operation approach/technique, operation duration, the presence of associated chronic diseases (e.g., hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, and diabetes mellitus), and improvements in Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores. Gross’s formula was applied to calculate blood loss from recorded values for patient height, weight, and hematocrit levels before and after surgery. Multivariate linear regression analysis and t test were performed to identify factors that contributed significantly to HBL.Results: The mean HBL during PELD was 201 ± 126 mL, and the Hb reduction observed post-operatively was 7.4 ± 4.5 g/L. A lateral surgical approach was associated with greater HBL compared with an interlaminar approach. However, no significant differences in VAS, JOA, and ODI score improvements were noted between the two surgical approaches. Increased surgical times and foraminal decompression were identified by multivariate linear regression analysis as linked to increased HBL. As expected, the occurrence of post-operative anemia was significantly associated with HBL. Age, gender, BMI, symptom duration, and associated chronic diseases showed no association with increased HBL during PELD. Conclusions: HBL is increased in PELD patients with long surgical times and lumbar foraminal decompression.
Immediate Effect of Manual Therapy Techniques on the Limitation of Ankle Dorsiflexion: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial Protocol
Authors: Silva Matheus de Castro , Baldon Rodrigo de Marche , Lins Carolina , de Andrade Gustavo Martins , de Castro Gustavo Barros Braga , Felicio Lilian Ramiro 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The range of motion (RoM) of dorsiflexion (DF) plays an important role in human mobility, such as absorption of body weight during gait deceleration, jump landings, balance and eccentric movements. This limitation can generate potentially damaging movements. This way, evaluating techniques for DF RoM increase could help improve immediate performance in such functional activities. This being the case, the objective of this study will be to verify the sum effect of different joint mobilization techniques for DF gain in persons practicing physical activities and its relationship with functional performance and balance. Methodology: This is a randomized, controlled and double-blind clinical trial. Sixty-four (64) volunteers will be recruited, aged between 18 and 40 years, who have DF limitation. After checking eligibility criteria, the participants will be submitted to a physiotherapeutic evaluation. Volunteers will be evaluated as to a DF for open kinetic chain (OKC) and closed kinetic chain (CKC), and also submitted to functional Y Balance Test under a force platform and Triple Hop Test, by a blind examiner. Another researcher, also blind, will perform the randomization of patients in groups: (A) Joint Mobilization - Mulligan Concept and (B) Joint Mobilization - Maitland Method. After the randomization, volunteers will be submitted to initial evaluation (A0) and, after 2-3 days, they will be submitted to application of the techniques, which will be randomized, and reassessed immediately (A1). After 3-4 days of the application of the techniques, the re-evaluation will be performed (A2). Discussion: It is already known that DF RoM limitation can lead to compensatory and potentially damaging lower limb movements and that joint mobilizations are effective to treatment. However, there is no consensus whether the application of these techniques would also improve aspects of dynamic postural balance and performance in individuals practicing physical activity, and whether the sum of two joint mobilization techniques could enhance this effect. Trial registration: RBR-93xv9t, Registered 09 April 2020, https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-93xv9t.
Role of Jasmonic and Salicylic Acid on Enzymatic Changes in the Root of Two Alyssum Inflatum Náyr. Populations Exposed to Nickel Toxicity
Authors: Kakavand Shiva - Najafi , Karimi Naser - , Ghasempour Hamid-Reza - , Raza Ali - , Chaichi Mehrdad - , Modarresi Masoud - 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) as plant growth regulators (PGRs) have the potential to ameliorate plant development and tolerance to deleterious effects of toxic metals like nickel (Ni). Therefore, the current study was carried out to evaluate SA and JA's interactive effect on the root antioxidative response of two Alyssum inflatum Nyár. populations against Ni-toxicity. Two A. inflatum species under Ni-stress conditions (0, 100, 200, and 400 µM) were exposed to alone or combined levels of SA (0, 50, and 200 µM) and JA (0, 5, and 10 µM) treatments. Results showed that high Ni doses reduced the roots fresh weight (FW) in two populations than control; however, the use of external PGRs had ameliorated roots biomass by mitigated Ni-toxicity. Under Ni toxicity, SA and JA, especially their combination, induced high Ni accumulation in plants' roots. Moreover, the application of SA and JA alone, as well as combined SA + JA, was found to be effective in the scavenging of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by improving the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in both populations under Ni-toxicity. Overall, our results manifest that SA and JA's external use, especially combined SA + JA treatments, ameliorate root biomass and plant tolerance by restricting translocation Ni to the shoot, accumulating in roots, and also enhancing antioxidant defense systems.
Gene Homologies Identified between Trypanosoma cruzi Antigen 36 and Mammalian TRIM21 Genes Using Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Winkler Martin A , Pan Alfred A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

We previously reported that a Human Ro52 gene sequence (TRIM21) produced a significant stretch of protein sequence homologous to T. cruzi Antigen 36 (Ag 36) protein sequence, when Ag 36 was translated in the second reading frame. Comparison of their respective DNA sequences demonstrated a 114 nucleotide region of both genes having ~ 70 percent partial homology. After Ro52 was shown to be an E3 Ubiquitin dependent Type I ligase for transcription factors for Interferon genes, we proposed that the Ag 36 gene, which contains a repetitive motif within it, may function to repress Ro52 in the human heart through RNA interference, or other unknown mechanism, giving rise to autoimmunity found in Chronic Chagas Cardiomyopathy (CCC).
Results

To test that hypothesis, we compared various mammalian TRIM genes to the T. cruzi Ag 36 DNA sequence using the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm in the http:\\usegalaxy.eu bioinformatics tool base. In addition to human and chimpanzee, TRIM21 comparable gene regions from canine, shrew, ferret, bat, feline, and armadillo, and aardvark showed homology to the gene for Ag 36 ranging from 68 to 30 percent. However, mouse and eight other mammalian species showed no significant homology. Since mice have been shown to have severe cardiac cardiomyopathy after infection, but their TRIM21 was not homologous to Ag 36 in this study, we conclude that the gene homology has no causative link to CCC.
Conclusions

In addition to human TRIM21, eight mammalian species showed partial gene homology to T. cruzi Ag 36, and some of these have been demonstrated to have CCC. However, rats and mice TRIM21 showed no partial homology to Ag 36. Since these species have been demonstrated to have CCC, the partial gene homology between Ag36 and TRIM 21 may not be causative or associated with CCC, as was originally hypothesized.
Blocking Exosomal miR-19b-3p from Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells Enhances Sunitinib Mediated Anti-Tumor Activity via Promoting TGFBR2/KLF10 Expression
Authors: Lv Dong , Shen Taimin , Yao Juncheng , Yang Qi , Xiang Ying , Ma Zhiwei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Multiple studies have found that microRNAs contribute to the malignant progression and chemoresistance of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This study intends to probe the effect of miR-19b-3p shuttled by exosomes derived from RCC cells on RCC development and its resistance to Sunitinib.
Methods

Sunitinib-resistant cell lines (OSRC-2R and Caki-1R) were constructed from OSRC-2 and Caki-1 RCC cells. Exosomes in the RCC cell supernatant were isolated, and the miR-19b-3p profile in cells and exosomes was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Subsequently, the TGFβR2/SMAD2/3 pathway was activated by TGFβ, and the KLF10 overexpression and miR-19b-3p overexpression/knockdown models were constructed. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry were implemented to verify RCC cell proliferation, Sunitinib chemosensitivity, and apoptosis. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins and the TGFβR2-SMAD2/3-KLF10 pathway was monitored by Western blot. MiR-19b-3p was overexpressed in sunitinib-resistant RCC cell lines (OSRC-2R and Caki-1R) and their exosomes (vs. normal OSRC-2 and Caki-1 cell lines).
Results

In-vitro experiments showed that knocking down cellular and exosomal miR-19b-3p levels reduced the proliferation and colony-forming ability of OSRC-2 and Caki-1 cells and strengthened their apoptosis and sensitivity to Sunitinib. Bioinformatics analysis illustrated that miR-19b-3p targeted TGFβR2 and inhibited TGFβR2/SMAD2/3. Activation of the TGFβR2-SMAD2/3 pathway via TGFβ dampened ORSC-2 and Caki-1 cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and enhanced their chemosensitivity to Sunitinib.
Conclusion

Moreover, TGFβ heightened KLF10 expression, and overexpressing KLF10 attenuated miR-19b-3p-mediated carcinogenic effects and resistance to Sunitinib by increasing SMAD2/3 phosphorylation. RCC cell-derived exosomal miR-19b-3p enhances RCC progression and Sunitinib chemoresistance by inactivating TGFβR2-SMAD2/3-KLF10.
The Working Conditions and Optimization of a Large Rainwater Harvesting and Treatment System in an Area at a Risk of Erosion
Authors: Zubala Tomasz 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The study evaluates the operation of rainwater harvesting and treatment systems (RHTS), receiving effluents from the wholesale market and fuel station (twenty years of observations). Changes of the basic elements of RHT systems (e.g. earthen reservoirs – sealed settler, infiltration reservoir) were characterized and the impact of climatic conditions on the system monitored. The analyses also referred to the stability and work safety of the most important equipment and water treatment efficiency. In the study period, due to the accumulation of erosive phenomena, it was necessary to optimize the system. The infiltration reservoir was considerably modified. At the same time, another reservoir of a similar type was built. The quality of water in the reservoirs were measured in 2008–2010 (before the modernisation) and in 2016–2018 (after the modernisation). Selected physical, oxygen, biogenic and salinity indicators were determined in the water. During the study the harvesting and treatment system had a positive effect on the quality of rainwater runoff – the values of many contaminants were reduced (RHTS 1: suspended solids, nitrogen, iron, potassium; RHTS 2: conductivity, suspended solids, nitrogen). Design and operational errors were noticed that in the long run may contribute to deteriorating the operational efficiency and even lead to a building collapse (intense erosive phenomena). This study clearly demonstrates that building a rainwater management system is a highly site-specific issue.
Role of Pigtail Catheter Drainage in the Management of Liver Abscess – A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Ahari Kamlesh , Midha Naresh Kumar , Kumar Deepak , Gopalakrishnan Maya , Kumar Bharat , Bohra Gopal Krishana , Sureka Binit , Garg Mahendra K 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction – Liver abscess (especially amoebic) is an important health concern in tropical countries. Effective management of liver abscess included appropriate antibiotics and drainage of abscess cavity. Percutaneous abscess drainage by pigtail catherization is now gaining popularity. We analysed the role of pigtail catheter drainage in the treatment of liver abscess.Method and Material – This was a retrospective analytical study conducted in a tertiary care center in western India. Data of total 64 patients admitted with diagnosis of liver abscess were analyzed. To find the effectiveness of treatment data were analyzed in three groups based on treatment strategies, Group A (Conservative treatment), Group B (Percutaneous needle aspiration) and Group C (Pigtail catheter drainage).Results – A total of 64 patients of liver abscess were analyzed. There was male predominance (93.75%). Mean abscess volume in Group C (307.9 ± 212.8 ml) was significantly higher when compared to Group A (130.8 ± 72.9 ml, p = 0.03) and Group B (177.2 ± 129.5; p = 0.024). Duration of hospital stay and residual abscess volume at the time of discharge did not show statistically significant difference between treatment groups. Pigtail catheterization of abscess with volume >150ml shortened the hospital stay, whereas it prolonged the hospital stay in patients with abscess volume <150ml.Conclusion - Percutaneous pigtail catherization would be an operative decision for management of liver abscess. We concluded that use of pigtail catherization of patients with abscess volume > 150ml improved the clinical outcome.
Bio-Fertilizer Amendment Alleviates The Replanting Disease By Reshaping Leaf And Root Microbiome
Authors: Wu Hongmiao , Zhang Zhen , Wang Juanying , Qin Xianjin , Chen Jun , Wu Linkun , Lin Sheng , Rensing Christopher , Lin Wenxiong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A growing problem in intensive agricultural systems is replanting disease. Application of bio-fertilizer containing beneficial microbes contributes to disease suppression and is a promising strategy to control replanting disease. However, the effect of both replanting disease and bio-fertilizer amendment on the assembly of crop microbiota in leaves and roots and their relationships to crop yield and quality remains elusive. In these experiments, roots and leaves of Radix pseudostellariae were collected from different consecutive monoculture and bio-fertilizer amended fields and characterized the associated microbiota by bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qRT-PCR. Consecutive monoculture altered the bacterial community structure and composition and significantly increased the abundance of pathogenic Ralstonia and Fusarium oxysporum in leaves and roots. Furthermore, bio-fertilizer application alleviated replanting disease by decreasing the pathogen load, increasing the beneficial genera Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Paenibacillus, and Bradyrhizobium, and enhancing positive connections of the bacterial community across the two compartments. Bio-fertilizer had a positive and indirect effect as indicated by a structural equation models on both yield and quality by shaping the leaf microbiota rather than the root microbiota. Our findings highlight the role of leaf and root microbiota on replanting disease, showing that bio-fertilizer contributes to alleviating replanting disease by improving the plant-microbe interactions.
A Novel Probiotic Strain Exerts Therapeutic Effects on Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis by Altering The Expression of Inflammasome and IDO Genes and Modulation of T Helper Cytokine Profile
Authors: sadeghi saba , kazemi fatemeh , taheri saba , Ebrahimi Maryam Tajabadi , arasteh javad 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory demyelinating disease that commences to neuronal cell destruction. Recently, a promising evidence of synergic effects of combined supplementation with vitamin D and probiotics in modulating the gut microbiota and metabolome is emerging. Bacillus Coagulans IBRC-M10791 as a novel strain was chosen, prevention and treatment impacts of regular administered were studied in Cuprizone-induced C57bl/6 mouse of demyelination. The mice were divided into six groups and received a daily dose of cuprizone or probiotics. To investigate the effect of probiotic, the IDO-1, CYP27B1, NLRP1, NLRP3, and AIM2 expression were estimated by Real-Time PCR, and IL-4, IL-17, IFN-gamma, and TGF-beta cytokines were measured by ELISA. The results showed that there was significant decrease in IL-17 and IFN-γ and modulatory effects on IL-4 and TGF-β. On the other hand, we demonstrated that there are significant decrease for expression of IDO-1, CYP27b1, NLRP1, NLRP3 and AIM2 genes in prevention and treatment groups compared to cuprizone group. Also, a significant enhancement in rate of remyelination and alternations proved by LFB staining and Y-Maze test. In conclusion, our study provides insight into how the therapeutic effect of the chosen strain of probiotic was correlated with the modulation of the level of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Further, we demonstrated that the expression of genes related to Tryptophan, Vitamin D and Inflammasome pathways could be affected by Bacillus coagulans. Our study could be beneficial to provide a novel Co-therapeutic strategy for Multiple sclerosis.