bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus promotes the proliferation, metastasis, and suppresses the apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Hu Xin , Wu Jin , Xiong Haofeng , Zeng Liujun , Wang Zijia , Wang Can , Huang Danni , Zhang Tianyi , Peng Ying , Chen Weijun , Xia Kun , Su Tong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundOur previous study revealed that patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus presented a lower 5‐year survival rate. Hyperglycemia has been increasingly recognized as a risk factor for more advanced disease and poorer prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, its role remains unclear.MethodsThe expressions of BRIP1, Ki67, E‐cadherin, and cleaved caspase‐3 were detected by immunohistochemistry in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cell counting kit‐8 assay and wound healing assay were used to determine the proliferative and migratory ability of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells cultured with or without high glucose in vitro. Flow cytometry was applied to distinguish the role of high glucose on the cell cycle and apoptosis rates.ResultsThe expression level of Ki67 was elevated while BRIP1, E‐cadherin, and cleaved caspase‐3 were downregulated in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma coexisting with diabetes. The cell proliferation and migration in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were significantly enhanced by high glucose. Flow cytometric analysis suggested that high glucose predisposed cancer cells to stay at S/G2 phase and to exhibit lower apoptosis rates.ConclusionOur results implicated that type 2 diabetes mellitus may play a crucial role in the development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma through hyperglycemia, affecting cancer cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. This finding might provide a new direction for the prevention and treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Fighting for our sisters: Community advocacy and action for missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls
Authors: Ficklin Erica , Tehee Melissa , Killgore Racheal M. , Isaacs Devon , Mack Sallie , Ellington Tammie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMissing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG) are victims of pervasive violence that began centuries ago, one that has gone unrecognized by governments, institutions, and society as a whole. To fight this silencing, Native communities have come together to decolonize the narrative, advocate for MMIWG, and honor the lost lives of their daughters, sisters, and matriarchs. We provide an overview of the history of MMIWG, the lack of response by the US government, and the decolonial action and advocacy by Native communities. However, we also go far beyond the typical academic article, in that we present both the factual information behind MMIWG and the emotional weight that each of the authors and those we know carry. We have incorporated stories, pictures, art, and the names of MMIWG to illustrate the ongoing reality of the attempted genocide of Native women and girls. We pray that this article aids in the honoring of our lost sisters and their families while bringing awareness of this tragedy to the eyes of those who can join us in fighting the silence.
The therapeutic relationship in the context of involuntary treatment orders: The perspective of nurses and patients
Authors: Lessard‐Deschênes Clara , Goulet Marie‐Hélène 
Published: September 2021

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?

Involuntary treatment orders are increasingly being used around the world to allow the treatment of individuals living with a mental illness deemed incapable of giving consent and who are actively refusing treatment.

The use of involuntary treatment orders can impact the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship, which is essential to offer quality care and promote recovery.

What the paper adds to existing knowledge?

Nurses and patients do not agree on the possibility to develop a therapeutic relationship, with nurses believing they can build a bond with the patients despite the challenges imposed by the involuntary treatment order, and patients rejecting this possibility.

Nurses caring for patients on involuntary treatment orders feel obligated to apply the conditions of this measure, even if it damages the relationship with their patients. This difficult aspect of their work leads them to question their role in relation to the management of involuntary treatment orders.

What are the implications for practice?

Nurses need to be aware of the reasons why patients on involuntary treatment orders do not believe in the possibility of building a therapeutic relationship.

Nurses need to reflect on and express their concerns about the damaging effects that managing involuntary treatment orders conditions can have on the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship.

AbstractIntroductionInvoluntary treatment orders (ITO) can impact the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship (TR) negatively. Despite the increasing use of ITOs around the world, few studies have explored their influence on the TR from the perspectives of nurses and patients.AimTo describe the TR in the context of ITOs as reported by nurses and individuals living with a mental illness.MethodSecondary data analysis of qualitative interviews with nurses (n = 9) and patients (n = 6) was performed using content analysis.ResultsParticipants described the TR as fundamentally embedded in a power imbalance amplified by the ITO, which was discussed through the conflicting roles of nurses, the legal constraints imposed on patients and nurses, the complex relation between the ITO and the TR, and the influence of mental healthcare settings' context.DiscussionNurses and patients' views were opposed, questioning the authenticity of the relationship.Implications for PracticeNurses should be aware of the patients' lack of faith in the TR to ensure that they are sensitive to patients' behaviours that may falsely suggest that a relationship is established. Further studies should explore ways to alleviate the burden of the management of ITOs on nurses and allow for a trusting relationship to be build.
Parenting Stress in Parents of Children with Learning Disabilities: Effects of Cognitions and Coping Styles
Authors: Auriemma Danielle Lynn , Ding Yi , Zhang Chun , Rabinowitz Mitchell , Shen Yangqian , Lantier‐Galatas Katherine 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the relationship between parental cognitions, coping styles, and stress in parents of children with learning disabilities. More specifically, parental beliefs about self‐efficacy and satisfaction in the parenting role were examined in relation to parenting stress. Furthermore, the relationship between parenting stress and problem‐focused and emotion‐focused coping styles was evaluated. Participants, who were 147 parents of 5‐ to 12‐year‐old children who had been diagnosed with a learning disability, completed three self‐report measures. A hierarchical multiple regression model was used to examine the effects of the predictor variables on parenting stress. Results revealed that parents’ perceptions of the severity of their child's learning disability, as well as their use of emotion‐focused coping strategies, were significant predictors of parenting stress levels. Participants’ beliefs regarding their self‐efficacy in the parenting role and their satisfaction with the parenting role were not significant predictors of parenting stress. Additionally, parental use of problem‐focused coping strategies was not a significant predictor of parenting stress. Implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed.
Sentence Writing Intervention for At‐Risk Writers in Upper Elementary Grades
Authors: Smith R. Alex , Allen Abigail A. , Panos Kristin L. , Ciullo Stephen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFluent production of a variety of grammatically correct sentences is essential to overall writing quality across genres. Sentence‐production skills become increasingly important as students prepare to transition from the elementary grades to middle‐school. Many students in the upper‐elementary grades, however, struggle with sentence production skills—especially writers with a learning disability. This paper provides useful information for educators focusing on improving the quality of sentence‐level writing skills for students with learning disabilities in Grades 3–5. Specifically, guidance is provided for using (a) assessment to inform sentence‐level intervention and (b) a sequence of instructional practices for improving foundational sentence‐level production skills.
The Effects of Choice on Task Performance and Reward Awareness: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Han Cheon‐woo 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTProviding a choice is desirable and helpful to learning motivation and task processing. This study explored how choice and achievement goals affect motivation and reward awareness using the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique. Twenty‐four college students participated in this study, in which a 2 × 2 factorial design (choice/no choice × reward/no reward) was used in association with a verbal frequency task involving the selection of the more frequent word between two presented words. In the within‐group analyses, participants showed activation of the medial frontal gyrus in the choice condition regardless of the reward types. The brain activation patterns differed depending on the level of achievement. Overall, providing a choice is beneficial to students in terms of performing a task and processing their reward. It is important to consider an individual's achievement goal when providing choices as a strategy to motivate a learner.
Assessing optimal colour and illumination to facilitate reading: an analysis of print size
Authors: Morrice Elliott , Murphy Caitlin , Soldano Vanessa , Addona Cynthia , Wittich Walter , Johnson Aaron P 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study examined how optimal colour/illumination conditions and the efficacy of the iPad, LuxIQ and Smart Bulb varied as a function of print size in younger, older and visually impaired adults.MethodsParticipants with visual impairments and simulated low vision (SLV) read the MNRead using the iPad, LuxIQ and Smart Bulb.ResultsIn the impairment condition at 1.20 logMAR, the iPad (M = 9.49, 95% CI [3.18, 19.42]) and LuxIQ (M = 15.95, 95% CI [9.54, 24.86]) improved the reading speeds. At 0.80 logMAR (SLV), all devices improved reading speeds of older adults (iPad (M = 28.70, 95% CI [14.65, 42.51]); LuxIQ (M = 49.63, 95% CI [30.04, 69.68]); Smart Bulb (M = 23.11, 95% CI [3.33, 42.11])), but in younger adults only the LuxIQ (M = 13.04, 95% CI [3.21, 21.27]) did so. In the impairment condition, the iPad (M = 5.54, 95% CI [0.31, 12.13]) and LuxIQ (M = 13.90, 95% CI [7.88, 23.49]) improved reading speeds. In the SLV condition, age was a significant predictor of reading speed at 1.20 logMAR (F3,164 = 10.74, p < 0.001, Adj. R2 = 0.16). At 0.80 logMAR, age and luminance, but not colour, were significant predictors (F3,164 = 52.52, p < 0.001, Adj. R2 = 0.49). In the impairment condition, both age and lux were significant predictors of reading speed at 1.20 (F3,85 = 7.14, p < 0.001, Adj. R2 = 0.20) and 0.80 logMAR (F3,85 = 7.97, p < 0.001, Adj. R2 = 0.22), but colour was not.ConclusionsLight source effectiveness and optimal colour/illumination vary as a function of print size. It appears that print size is the most important factor for improving reading speed. As print size decreases, luminance becomes crucial, and only at the smallest print sizes does the effect of colour become useful.
The predictors for altered central pain modulation in individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain: A systematic review
Authors: Subramanian Manisha , Venkatesan Prem 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundResearch suggests that the prognosis of chronic nonspecific low back pain is poor when there is an alteration in the central pain processing pathway. This alteration creates a cascade of events, leading to poor outcomes. An overview of the predictors which increase this heightened pain perception is needed.ObjectivesTo review the studies identifying predictors for altered central main modulation in individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain.DesignThis is a systematic review.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Scopus, Ovid, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched from inception to 25th May 2021. Titles, abstracts, and full text were searched for eligible articles, which met the set criteria. Research articles that have employed outcome measure specific to altered central pain modulation and assessed at least one predictor were included.ResultsSix studies (n = 1389) were included in this review. The following five groups of predictors were identified: (1) psychological, (2) psychosocial (education, employment status, pain catastrophizing, and kinesiophobia), (3) sensory profile, (4) gender, and (5) others (illness and cognitive factors). Positive evidence of association was found for psychological predisposition and psychosocial (pain catastrophizing and employment and education status), whereas no evidence of association was found for kinesiophobia and cognitive factors.ConclusionThis review identified the predictors for altered central pain modulation in chronic nonspecific low back pain. This alteration could be responsible for the suspected poor outcomes even post treatment. Furthermore, the knowledge of predictors could potentially aid the therapist in planning a treatment regime when poor outcomes are suspected.
Moral progress: Recent developments
Authors: Sauer Hanno , Blunden Charlie , Eriksen Cecilie , Rehren Paul 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSocieties change over time. Chattel slavery and foot‐binding have been abolished, democracy has become increasingly widespread, gay rights have become established in some countries, and the animal rights movement continues to gain momentum. Do these changes count as moral progress? Is there such a thing? If so, how should we understand it? These questions have been receiving increasing attention from philosophers, psychologists, biologists, and sociologists in recent decades. This survey provides a systematic account of recent developments in the understanding of moral progress. We outline the concept of moral progress and describe the different types of moral progress identified in the literature. We review the normative criteria that have been used in judging whether various developments count as morally progressive or not. We discuss the prospects of moral progress in the face of challenges that claim that moral progress is not psychologically possible for human beings, and we explore the metaethical implications of moral progress.
Container volume affects drought experiments in grapevines: Insights on xylem anatomy and time of dehydration
Authors: Herrera Jose Carlos , Savi Tadeja , Mattocks Joseph , De Berardinis Federica , Scheffknecht Susanne , Hietz Peter , Rosner Sabine , Forneck Astrid 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPlant stress experiments are commonly performed with plants grown in containers to better control environmental conditions. Nevertheless, the container can constrain plant growth and development, and this confounding effect is generally ignored, particularly in studies on woody species. Here, we evaluate the effect of the container volume in drought experiments using grapevine as a model plant. Grapevines grown in small (7 L, S) or large (20 L, L) containers were subjected to drought stress and rewatering treatments. We monitored plant stomatal conductance (gs), midday stem water potential (Ψs), and photosynthetic rate (AN) throughout the experiment. The effect of the container volume on the stem and petiole xylem anatomy, as well as on the total leaf area (LA), was assessed before drought imposition. The results showed that LA did not differ between plants in L or S containers, but S vines exhibited a higher theoretical hydraulic conductance at the petiole level. Under drought L and S similarly reduced gs and AN, but plants in S containers reached lower Ψs than those in L. Nevertheless, upon rewatering droughted plants in S containers exhibited a faster stomata re‐opening than those in L, probably as a consequence of the differences in the stress degree experienced and the biochemical adjustment at the leaf level. Therefore, a suitable experimental design should consider the container volume used in relation to the desired traits to be studied for unbiased results.
Constructing synthetic panels for the purpose of studying poverty dynamics: A primer
Authors: Garcés‐Urzainqui David , Lanjouw Peter , Rongen Gerton 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe describe a recently developed approach for constructing synthetic panels from cross‐section data and consider how it can be employed to study poverty dynamics. Initially introduced as a means to estimating upper and lower bounds on poverty transitions in the absence of panel data, further refinements to the method aim to permit as well the calculation of point estimates. We describe the assumptions that underpin the basic approach and its extensions and discuss their plausibility. We chart applications of the method in various contexts, with a view to gauging its overall validity and robustness. While proper panel‐based analysis of welfare dynamics is clearly preferable, we suggest that the method can be useful in the all‐too‐common settings where panel data are unavailable or suffer from particularly pressing quality concerns.
Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2 receptor) expression in human skeletal muscle
Authors: Perez‐Valera Mario , Martinez‐Canton Miriam , Gallego‐Selles Angel , Galván‐Alvarez Victor , Gelabert‐Rebato Miriam , Morales‐Alamo David , Santana Alfredo , Martin‐Rodriguez Saul , Ponce‐Gonzalez Jesus Gustavo , Larsen Steen , Losa‐Reyna Jose , Perez‐Suarez Ismael , Dorado Cecilia , Curtelin David , Gonzalez‐Henriquez Juan Jose , Boushel Robert , Hallen Jostein , de Pablos Velasco Pedro , Freixinet‐Gilart Jorge , Holmberg Hans‐Christer , Helge Jorn W. , Martin‐Rincon Marcos , Calbet Jose A.L. 
Published: September 2021

The study aimed to determine the levels of skeletal muscle angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2, the SARS‐CoV‐2 receptor) protein expression in men and women and assess whether ACE2 expression in skeletal muscle is associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity. The level of ACE2 in vastus lateralis muscle biopsies collected in previous studies from 170 men (age: 19–65 years, weight: 56–137 kg, BMI: 23–44) and 69 women (age: 18–55 years, weight: 41–126 kg, BMI: 22–39) was analyzed in duplicate by western blot. VO2max was determined by ergospirometry and body composition by DXA. ACE2 protein expression was 1.8‐fold higher in women than men (p = 0.001, n = 239). This sex difference disappeared after accounting for the percentage of body fat (fat %), VO2max per kg of legs lean mass (VO2max‐LLM) and age (p = 0.47). Multiple regression analysis showed that the fat % (β = 0.47) is the main predictor of the variability in ACE2 protein expression in skeletal muscle, explaining 5.2% of the variance. VO2max‐LLM had also predictive value (β = 0.09). There was a significant fat % by VO2max‐LLM interaction, such that for subjects with low fat %, VO2max‐LLM was positively associated with ACE2 expression while as fat % increased the slope of the positive association between VO2max‐LLM and ACE2 was reduced. In conclusion, women express higher amounts of ACE2 in their skeletal muscles than men. This sexual dimorphism is mainly explained by sex differences in fat % and cardiorespiratory fitness. The percentage of body fat is the main predictor of the variability in ACE2 protein expression in human skeletal muscle.
Severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia following receipt of SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccine
Authors: Gadi Sanjay R. V. , Brunker Patricia A. R. , Al‐Samkari Hanny , Sykes David B. , Saff Rebecca R. , Lo Janet , Bendapudi Pavan , Leaf David E. , Leaf Rebecca Karp 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundLarge clinical trials have demonstrated the overall safety of vaccines for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). However, reports have emerged of autoimmune phenomena, including vaccine‐associated myocarditis, immune thrombocytopenia, and immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.Case PresentationHere we present a novel case of a young woman who developed life‐threatening autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) after her first dose of a SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccine. Notably, initial direct antiglobulin testing was negative using standard anti‐IgG reagents, which are “blind” to certain immunoglobulin (IgG) isotypes. Further testing using an antiglobulin reagent that detects all IgG isotypes was strongly positive and confirmed the diagnosis of AIHA. The patient required transfusion with 13 units of red blood cells, as well as treatment with corticosteroids, rituximab, mycophenolate mofetil, and immune globulin.ConclusionAs efforts to administer SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines continue globally, clinicians must be aware of potential autoimmune sequelae of these therapies.
How can cover crops contribute to weed management? A modelling approach illustrated with rye (Secale cereale) and Amaranthus tuberculatus
Authors: Liebman Matt , Basche Andrea D. , Nguyen Huong T. X. , Weisberger David A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCover cropping has been proposed as an important component of integrated weed management strategies due to its potential effects on multiple demographic processes, including weed seedling emergence from soil, plant survival, seed production, and seed predation. In this article, we report the results of modelling analyses that investigated how a cover crop could affect the population dynamics of Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) J.D. Sauer (waterhemp), an annual dicotyledonous species that is a major problem in maize and soyabean fields in the central USA. We constructed difference equation models for maize–soyabean rotations with and without a rye cover crop and parameterised the models with values drawn from published scientific literature. Results of the analyses indicate that the use of a winter cover crop would have minimal effects on the level of herbicide efficacy required to prevent increases in A. tuberculatus population density in maize and soyabean. However, if a high level of herbicide efficacy was imposed, cover crop‐derived reductions in A. tuberculatus seedling population density, delays in seedling emergence, and increases in seed predation would diminish A. tuberculatus seed population density in soil up to 96% over a 10‐year period. Thus, while cover crops did not replace the need for other control strategies for A. tuberculatus, they could complement them. Relative to cover crops, greater benefits for A. tuberculatus management might be gained using diverse sequences of cash crops. Possible synergies between cover crops and diversified crop rotations should be explored in both field experiments and modelling analyses.