bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brazilian Curie isothermal mapping: the THERMOMAG model
Authors: Guimaraes Suze N. P. , de Jesus Beatriz L. , Vieira Fábio P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGeothermally, the lithosphere can be defined as the outermost layer of the Earth in which heat is primarily transferred by conduction. It typically includes the crust and upper mantle. Crustal structural provinces are segments of the crust that have the same range of geochronologic ages and thermogeologic histories. The crustal geothermal regime on the continent is determined by many factors, including heat flow, vertical and lateral variations in thermal conductivity, radiogenic heat production, tectonic history, and surface thermal processes. Studying the thermal structure of the crust by geotectonically characterizing the upper lithospheric layer makes it possible to understand the internal heat flow as an energy source potential, which remains unknown due to limited exploration research. This study presents a crustal heat distribution model using direct temperature data and indirect estimates derived from crustal magnetic field information, the THERMOMAG model. The subsurface layers are identified in order to characterize the entire magnetized crust, thus delimiting the Curie surface (isothermal limit of 580 °C), which is directly linked to the exploration of crustal energy resources. Spectral analysis of the aeromagnetic data was used to estimate the depth of the layer related to the deepest crustal sources and their spatial distribution, thus comparing these discoveries with geothermal fields known from direct modeling. The cross-check in the values for the Curie isotherm inserted by the thermomagnetic model allowed a correction in the values obtained indirectly, called the thermomagnetic correction factor (β) which is directly correlated to the amount of data distributed in the different provinces. The results of this model suggest that the greatest Curie depths in Brazil (> 44 km) are located in the São Francisco and Parnaiba provinces, and for the others, the mean values are 23 km. The regions of geothermal anomalies are found essentially in the northwest region of Paraná province, the northern part of Tocantins West province, the south-central part of Tocantins East province, the north-central part of São Francisco province, and the northeast region of Borborema province. The Brazilian structural provinces have thermal conductivity values ranging from 2.1 to 2.7 W/mK.
Modification in ICU design may influence circadian serum cholinesterase activities: a proof-of-concept pilot study
Authors: Schmidt Sebastian , Heinrich Maria , Wernecke Klaus-Dieter , Spies Claudia , Hancke Laura , Mueller Anika , Luetz Alawi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Deficits in cholinergic function are assumed to cause cognitive decline. Studies have demonstrated that changes in serum cholinesterase activities are associated with a higher incidence of delirium in critically ill patients. Additionally, basic research indicates that the cholinergic and circadian systems are interconnected, with each system influencing the functionality of the other. This data analysis of a proof-of-concept pilot study investigates whether modification in ICU design, including dynamic light therapy, may influence the circadian oscillation of serum cholinesterase activities.

Methods
We enrolled adult critically ill patients who were on mechanical ventilation and had an anticipated ICU stay of at least 48 h. The patients were treated in either modified or standard ICU rooms. The modified rooms received extensive architectural modifications, including a new dynamic lighting system. Serum acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities were measured every four hours for up to three 24-h assessment periods.

Results
We included 64 patients in the data analysis (n = 34 patients in modified rooms, n = 30 in standard rooms). The median values of serum acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities showed different patterns. Acetylcholinesterase activities differed significantly between the groups during the first assessment period (p = 0.04) and the second assessment period (p = 0.045). The intensity of light, as quantified by the effective circadian irradiance, significantly influenced the activities of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase throughout all assessment periods for patients in both groups (p < 0.001). The analysis showed significant interaction (p < 0.001), indicating that the differences in acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities between the groups were inconsistent over time but apparent during specific periods of the day.

Conclusion
Implementing a comprehensive set of changes to the design of ICU rooms, including a dynamic lighting system, may influence the course of the activity patterns of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in critically ill patients. Modifications to environmental factors could potentially offer neuroprotective benefits and facilitate the realignment of circadian rhythms within the cholinergic system.
Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02143661. Registered May 21, 2014.
Influence of surface pretreatment using cold-active atmospheric pressure plasma on bond strength of CAD-CAM-fabricated hybrid ceramic crowns: an in-vitro study
Authors: Kostadinov Georgi , Görgen Carolin-Isabel , Schmidtmann Irene , Weibrich Gernot , Abou-Ayash Samir , Wentaschek Stefan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study assesses the impact of Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma (CAP) pretreatment on the bond strength of two-piece hybrid ceramic abutment crowns in implant dentistry. The objective is to ascertain whether CAP can be employed as an alternative or complementary technique to conventional methods.

Methods
80 titanium bases and 80 VITA ENAMIC® polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) crowns were divided into 8 groups (n = 10) based on different surface pretreatments of the crowns before cementation: no treatment (A), hydrofluoric acid (HF) (B), HF and silane (C), silane (D), CAP (AP), HF and CAP (BP), HF, CAP, and silane (CP), and CAP and silane (DP). Bond strength (BS) was measured after thermocycling (5000 cycles at 5 °C/55 °C), and statistical analysis was performed using three-way ANOVA.

Results
The highest bond strength (BS) was recorded in the conventionally pretreated group C. Both HF and silane alone had significant effects (p < 0.0001), but CAP alone did not (p = 0.9377). Significant interactions were found between silane and CAP (p = 0.0222), and HF and CAP (p = 0.0046). The combined effects exceeded individual effects. Although group C showed the highest BS, no significant interaction was found between HF and silane (p = 0.6270). Three-factor interactions were significant (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion
In the setting used, CAP could not replace conventional pretreatment. The highest BS of a group without HF was achieved by combining silane with CAP. However, BS of this pretreatment was approximately 24% lower than that of the conventional pretreatment.

Graphical Abstract
Handgrip Strength has Declined Among Adults, Particularly Males, from Shanghai Since 2000
Authors: Wang Dao , Liu Yang , Lang Justin J. , Klug Marilyn G. , McGrath Ryan , Tomkinson Grant R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Handgrip strength (HGS) is an excellent marker of general strength capacity and health among adults. We aimed to calculate temporal trends in HGS for adults from Shanghai between 2000 and 2020.

Methods
Adults aged 20–59 years from Shanghai, China, were included. Representative cross-sectional HGS data (n = 127,756) were collected in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2014, and 2020. HGS was measured using isometric dynamometry and was adjusted for body size (i.e., height-squared). Trends in mean adjusted HGS were calculated using general linear models with adjustments for age, sex, location, occupation, blood pressure, and exercise time. Trends in distributional characteristics were described visually and calculated as the ratio of coefficients of variation (CVs).

Results
We found a significant, small decline in mean adjusted HGS (effect size (ES) [95%CI]: −0.21 [−0.22, −0.20]) since the year 2000. Negligible temporal differences were found across age, location, and occupation groups, with a 2.8-fold greater decline for men than for women. Overall, distributional variability declined negligibly (ratio of CVs [95% CI]: 0.92 [0.91, 0.93]). We also observed a negligible trend (ES < 0.20) in distributional asymmetry among adults with low adjusted HGS (below the 25th percentile) and a small decline (ES = 0.20−0.49) in adults with high adjusted HGS (above the 75th percentile).

Conclusions
There was a recent small decline in adjusted HGS for adults from Shanghai, which was greater for men than for women and nonuniform across the population. A decline in adjusted HGS may represent a decline in the general/functional health of the population.
Unravelling variants in Farber disease: diagnostic and prenatal challenges in atypical presentations
Authors: Kumari Pritti , Shah Krati , Kotecha Udhaya , Chauhan Lakshita , Aggarwal Rohina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Farber disease (FD; OMIM #228000), also known as Farber's lipogranulomatosis, is a rare lysosomal storage disease caused by acid ceramidase deficiency. Clinically, FD is typically identified by a triad of symptoms: subcutaneous nodules, joint pain, and voice hoarseness. However, diagnosing mild or attenuated variants can be difficult, as some symptoms may be absent or overlooked. In such cases, genetic testing is essential for confirming the diagnosis and enabling prenatal diagnosis.

Case presentation
A couple presented with a history of losing two children at 1.5 years of age, both of whom exhibited severe developmental delay, hypotonia, weak cry, and progressive skin lesions. Neither child underwent genetic testing, and no DNA samples were preserved. Subsequent parental carrier screening identified a heterozygous variant of uncertain significance (VUS) in the ASAH1 (N-Acylsphingosine Amidohydrolase 1) (OMIM #613468) gene in both parents. Exome sequencing was later performed on the couple’s third affected child, revealing compound heterozygous variants in the ASAH1 gene, consistent with those found in the parents. This case presented with atypical manifestations of FD, necessitating comprehensive investigations, including laboratory tests, radiological assessments, genetic analysis, and histopathological examination of skin biopsy samples. These findings led to the identification of likely pathogenic mutations in ASAH1. Based on these results, prenatal diagnosis was successfully conducted in the couple's fourth pregnancy.

Conclusion
This case illustrates the challenges of diagnosing FD when atypical presentations and genetic variants of uncertain significance are involved. The absence of classic symptoms like subcutaneous nodules and the presence of an ASAH1 gene variant complicated the diagnosis and delayed options for prenatal diagnosis in future pregnancies. It underscores the critical role of genetic testing and the need to reclassify VUS through detailed genotype–phenotype correlations to enhance diagnostic accuracy and support timely interventions.
A novel multi-input/multi-output fuzzy logic controller based on golden eagle optimization for solar energy conversion system
Authors: Atia Doaa M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the future, renewable energies will be the driving force that transforms the world. Solar energy technology, including both photovoltaic and solar thermal, can be combined into one unit called hybrid photovoltaic thermal (PVT). This technology offers low-carbon electricity and provides heat energy simultaneously for various applications. Solar energy is a viable option to meet heat demand across varied industries due to environmental and energy management challenges. The paper discusses the development of a modified multi-input/multi-output fuzzy logic controller (MIMO-FLC) for industrial processes using PVT technology. It explains the design and implementation of the controller using MATLAB Simulink. In addition, the paper explores nature-inspired optimization techniques to obtain and tune the scaling parameters of MIMO-FLC. The main target was to determine the scaling parameters of the MIMO-FLC using three nature-inspired optimization methods: golden eagle optimization, gray wolf optimization, and whale optimization for control of the load temperature of multiple industrial processes. A multi-objective optimization was suggested to minimize the Integral of Time Absolute Error of MIMO-FLC to improve the dynamic operation of the system. Finally, comparing the proposed optimization techniques, simulations, and analyses shows that the proposed method outperforms effectively. These results indicate that the proposed techniques provide a better and more efficient solution to the problem under study. The primary finding of the study is that a centralized MIMO-FLC can effectively manage multiple factors and interrelationships within the system. The results are more coordinated and efficient temperature regulation across different processes. Additionally, lowering the need for many individual controllers simplifies the overall system structure, which makes the system easier to implement and maintain.
The efficacy of 3-ounce water swallow test as a screening tool for dysphagic children: a study in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Ahmed Salwa Ahmed Abd Elhay , Abdelgoad Ahmed Abdelhamid , Khaled Dina Mohamed Fouad 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
In children, oropharyngeal dysphagia increases the risk of aspiration, pneumonia, and even mortality. It has been demonstrated that dysphagia screening improves health outcomes. The purpose of the study is to investigate the clinical value of the 3-oz water swallow test for detecting aspiration risk and the possibility for oral feeding in children and determine whether it is a suitable tool for identifying swallowing issues.

Method
This study included 90 children with dysphagia: 48 boys and 42 girls, aged 2–12 years old with an average age of 6.2 ± 2.3 years, and 80% of them were older than 3 years. Sixty percent were orally fed, while 40% were on modified oral feeding. More than half the children (53.3%) had dysphagia for more than 1 week. All study participants underwent 3-oz water swallow test and flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing test consecutively.

Results
The flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing revealed 42 positive cases (46.7%) and 48 negative (53.3%). The 3-oz water swallow test yielded 39 positive cases (i.e., failed) and 51 negatives (i.e., passed the test), with no statistically significant difference from the flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing test results (p = 0.701). There were no statistically significant differences between positive and negative cases regarding their age, gender, or mode of feeding. However, positive cases had significantly longer duration of dysphagia than negative cases (p = 0.001). The best-fit model (3-oz water swallow test model) includes the following: the 3-oz water swallow test result, age, gender, and the dysphagia duration. This model accurately identified aspiration risk among dysphagic children in 76.7% compared to 70.0% by the 3-oz water swallow test alone.

Conclusion
The use of 3-oz water swallow test in children with dysphagia was recommended in consideration with the three mentioned predictor variables with a well-trained, good observer clinician who will be ready for any complications in order to be able to take the best and safest decision to the patient.
A new perspective on the clinical features of vestibular migraine
Authors: Kesici Gülin Gökçen , Kaplan Büşra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Diagnosis of vestibular migraine (VM) is complicated by its variable clinical presentation and lack of pathognomonic tests.

Results
Two-hundred fifty-eight vestibular attacks of 141 patients were evaluated. In a total of 141 patients, 26% of patients reported no headache. A total of 81% of the patients without headache reported pressure heaviness in the head and head numbness and reported aggravation of these symptoms by routine physical activity. In the group of pVM, 23 patients could not be classified as dVM; they had present or past history of migraine but did not have migrainous characteristics in at least 50% of their vestibular attacks, and 15 of these patients were diagnosed with dVM during follow-up. At least mild central ocular signs were observed in 59 (22%), and impairment in vVOR test (horizontal and/or vertical) was observed in 81 (31%) of 258 vestibular attacks. In vHIT test, 68 (26%) attacks with low VOR gain and refixation saccades and 151 (58%) attacks with normal VOR gain and pathological saccades were detected.

Conclusions
The heterogeneity in clinical and vestibular tests detected in this study, both in patients and in different attacks of the same patients, revealed the importance of taking a detailed history in the diagnosis of VM.
The development of the Egyptian 24-h movement guidelines for adults aged 18–50 years old: an integration of sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity by the Egyptian Academy of Bone and Muscle Health
Authors: El Miedany Yasser , Toth Mathias , Plummer Susan , Elgaafary Maha , Mahran Safaa , Elwakil Walaa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
With a focus on promoting healthy aging, the Egyptian Academy of Bone and Muscle Health followed a structured guideline development process to create the Egyptian 24-h movement clinical guideline for adults aged 18 to 50. This guideline is in continuation with the earlier published 24-h movement guidelines for children and older adults. Online databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were searched for relevant peer-reviewed studies that met the a priori inclusion criteria.

Results
A large body of evidence was used to inform the guidelines as a total of 56 studies met the inclusion criteria. Leveraging evidence from the review of the literature led to the development of 30 statements answering the 7 key questions. Recommendations were also given for specific conditions including inactivity or insufficiently active adults, chronic conditions disability as well as pregnancy and postpartum. Based on this, the final guideline was developed providing evidence-based recommendations for a “Healthy 24-h day”, based on the integration of resistance training, aerobic activity, balance and flexibility activity, sleep pattern, and sedentary behavior.

Conclusion
The developed guidelines are meant to help in the decision-making process and are intended for use by adults both nationally and internationally; also, for endorsement by the policymakers. The developed 24-h movement guidelines provide specific targets for each movement behavior, towards which adult Egyptians can work to achieve better health.
Systematic Review: Efficacy of Medical Therapy on Outcomes Important to Adult Patients With X-Linked Hypophosphatemia
Authors: Ali Dalal S , Mirza Reza D , Alsarraf Farah , Hussein Salma , Abu Alrob Hajar , Appelman-Dijkstra Natasha M , Beck-Nielsen Signe Sparre , Biosse-Duplan Martin , Brandi Maria Luisa , Carpenter Thomas O , Chaussain Catherine , Cohen-Solal Martine , Crowley Rachel K , Dandurand Karel , Florenzano Pablo , Fukumoto Seiji , Gagnon Claudia , Goodyer Paul , Grasemann Corinna , Imel Erik A , Jan de Beur Suzanne M , Lehman Anna , Lewiecki E Michael , Morgante Emmett , Ward Leanne M , Khan Aliya A , Guyatt Gordon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Context
Understanding the effects of burosumab compared to conventional therapy or no treatment on patient-important outcomes in adults with X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is essential to guide evidence-based treatment recommendations.

Objective
To examine the highest certainty evidence addressing the management of XLH in adults to inform treatment recommendations.

Methods
We searched Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central up to May 2023. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of individuals aged 18+ with clinically or genetically confirmed XLH. Manuscripts comparing burosumab to no treatment or conventional therapy (phosphate and active vitamin D) and conventional therapy to no treatment were included. Two reviewers independently determined eligibility, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias (RoB). GRADE methodology was used to assess evidence certainty.

Results
We screened 4114 records, after removing duplicates, and assessed 254 full texts. One RCT and 2 observational studies were eligible. The RCT of burosumab vs no treatment had low RoB. Burosumab probably improves pain from fracture/pseudofracture healing (moderate certainty) but has little or no impact on direct pain measures (moderate certainty). Burosumab may reduce the need for parathyroidectomy (low certainty) but has little or no impact on fatigue (high certainty), stiffness (moderate certainty), and mobility (low certainty) over 24 weeks. Burosumab may increase dental abscess risk (low certainty). Indirect evidence comparing burosumab to conventional therapy provided low certainty regarding burosumab vs conventional therapy. Two observational studies on conventional therapy vs no treatment had high RoB and very low certainty regarding the impact of conventional therapy on patient-important outcomes.

Conclusion
No formal comparisons between burosumab and conventional therapy in adults exist. Evidence for conventional therapy vs no treatment is very uncertain. Our review highlights the need for more data on the long-term effects of burosumab and conventional therapy on patient-important outcomes in adult patients with XLH.
Significance of Thyroid-Stimulating Immunoglobulin and Thyrotropin Receptor Antibody in Graves Disease
Authors: Peng Rongguang , Xie Pu , Jin Zhou , Zhou Wenzhong , Wang Yanqiu , Chen Xinxin , Yin Qinglei , Shen Liyun , Meng Lingyang , Ye Lei , Zhou Yulin , Wang Shu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Context
Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) and thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) are specific biomarkers for Graves disease (GD), but their clinical characteristics are not fully understood.

Objective
To clarify the clinical features and prognostic significance of TSI and TRAb in patients with GD.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective data analysis and a follow-up study. Medical records of patients newly diagnosed with GD were examined. TSI and TRAb correlations were assessed using Passing-Bablok regression and Bland-Altman plot. Patients were categorized into unresolved (Group A) and resolved (Group B) hyperthyroidism based on thyroid function after 1 month of therapy. The relationship between thyroid function and changes in TRAb and TSI was analyzed. Logistic regression identified relapse risk factors, including TSI levels at antithyroid drugs (ATDs) withdrawal in the follow-up study.

Results
Data from 957 patients (762 female and 195 male) revealed a strong correlation between TRAb and TSI (r = 0.873, P &lt; .001). Compared to group B, group A showed minimal antibody decline (100% [interquartile range (IQR) 87.91%-115.1%] and 100% [IQR 85.03%-118.3%], respectively). Among 206 patients followed for over 12 months after ATD discontinuation, the relapse rate was 41.26%. Relapse was more frequent in patients with positive TSI (54.84% vs 35.42%, P &lt; .05). Positive TSI levels at withdrawal, past history of GD, age, and mild thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy were independent relapse predictors.

Conclusion
TSI and TRAb are strongly correlated in GD, with slow antibody decline linked to unresolved hyperthyroidism. Discontinuing ATDs may be considered when both TSI and TRAb are negative.