bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood group discrepancy in Ah para-Bombay phenotype: a rare blood group variant and its clinical significance
Authors: Bhagavathi M.S. , Das N. , Prakash S. , Sahu A. , Routray S. , Mukherjee S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Individuals with the rare para-Bombay phenotype have inherited defects in producing H associated with FUT1 and/or FUT2 genes. We report a case of blood group discrepancy in a para-Bombay patient from a tertiary care hospital of eastern India. A 31-year-old woman with rheumatic heart disease presented with fatigue and breathlessness and was then scheduled for valvuloplasty, for which a blood transfusion request was sent to the blood center. During pre-transfusion testing, red blood cell (RBC) testing showed group O, and serum testing showed strong reactivity with group B RBCs, weak reactivity with group O RBCs, and very weak reactivity with group A RBCs. Saliva inhibition testing and enzyme treatment of RBCs concluded the patient to be of “Ah para-Bombay” phenotype. The patient’s Lewis phenotype was Le(a–b+). This patient’s serum also had cold-reacting anti-IH along with anti-B. This case report highlights the importance of performing an advanced immunohematologic workup, including adsorption, elution, enzyme treatment, and saliva inhibition testing for identification of weak A or B subgroups as well as the rare para-Bombay blood group, when routine ABO typing, using forward and reverse grouping, is inconclusive. Accurate identification of blood group helps in preventing transfusion-related adverse events and encouraging safe transfusion practice.
Prevalence of major blood group antigens in blood donors at a main donation center in United Arab Emirates
Authors: Sajwani F.H. , Amer A.M. , Khamis F.M. , AlShamsi S.R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Blood transfusion is a common practice in hospitals. In many diseases, transfusion of red blood cells can be a life-saving measure. Knowing the blood group phenotypes of the donors in any population is important to improve health care services and to better serve patients. We aimed to determine the blood group phenotypes of the regular donors visiting the main blood donation center in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE). A total of 500 regular blood donors were included, and blood group antigens were tested using serologic methods. Major blood group systems included in this testing were ABO, Rh, Kell, Kidd, Duffy, Lewis, Lutheran, MNS, and P1PK. The most prevalent ABO/D blood type was group O, D+ (29.6%), with the most prevalent phenotype in the Rh blood group system reported as R1r (34.4%). In the Kell system, the K–k+ phenotype was reported in 92.4 percent of individuals tested. The rare Duffy null phenotype, Fy(a–b–), was reported in 11.0 percent of the cohort. Most donors (99.0%) were Lu(b+). In the Lewis system, the phenotype Le(a–b+) was seen in 61.8 percent of the donors. MNS system phenotypes were comparable to the reports from Saudi Arabia and India, with M+N+S–s+ being the most prevalent (21.2%). The prevalence of many major blood group phenotypes in the UAE blood donor population showed similarities to results from populations in neighboring countries, but other phenotype prevalences were unique to this population. This finding can be used to build a blood group registry for the local population that can better serve hospitals’ transfusion requirements.
New ABO intron 1 variant alleles
Authors: Fennell K. , Keller M.A. , Villa M.A. , Paccapelo C. , Kucerakova M. , Rosochova J. , Clemente DosSantos C. , Brackney L. , Lee C.J. , Metcalf R. , Crovetti G. , Barbieri M. , Travali S. , Barrotta G. , Giuca G. , Guerra L.E. , Ochoa-Garay G. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Unusual and discrepant ABO phenotypes are often due to genetic variants that lead to altered levels or activity of ABO transferases and consequently to altered expression of ABO antigens. This report describes eight genetic alterations found in 15 cases with reduced or undetectable expression of ABO antigens. Forward and reverse ABO grouping was performed by standard gel or tube methods. Adsorption-heat elution and saliva testing for H and A substances followed the AABB technical manual procedures. Genomic DNA extracted from whole blood was PCR-amplified to cover the entire ABO coding sequence, splice junctions, proximal promoter, and intron 1 enhancer. Amplification products were sequenced by next-generation or Sanger dideoxy methods, either directly or after cloning into a bacterial plasmid vector. Eight unreported alleles were found in the 15 cases analyzed. Alleles ABO*A(28+1C) and ABO*A(29–5G) harbor variants that alter the consensus sequence at the intron 1 donor and acceptor splice sites, respectively. The other alleles harbor variants that alter the consensus sequence at transcription factor–binding sites in the intron 1 enhancer: specifically, ABO*A(28+5792T), ABO*A(28+5859A), and ABO*A(28+5860G) at GATA-1 sites; ABO*B(28+5877T) and ABO*B(28+5878G) at a RUNX1 site; and ABO*A(28+5843A) at or near a C/EBP site. Molecular and serologic characterization of ABO alleles can help in their future identification and in the resolution of discrepancies.
A coerência segundo a perspectiva da teoria da linguagem de Eugenio Coseriu
Authors: Pinheiro Clemilton Lopes , Santos de Oliveira Jéssica 
Published: December 2021

Em trabalhos já historicamente reconhecidos na Linguística Textual, a coerência, de forma geral, tem sido concebida como mensagem ou conteúdo do texto, ou ainda como uma rede de relações conceituais que se estabelecem na tessitura textual. Neste trabalho, a partir da teoria da linguagem de Eugenio Coseriu na qual ele propõe a existência de três níveis da linguagem (universal, histórico e textual), revemos os traços (nem sempre conciliáveis) imputados à coerência. Nosso objetivo é, assim, apresentar uma proposta de compreensão da coerência com base na teoria dos níveis da linguagem. Como conclusão, consideramos que a coerência não é um fenômeno único e homogêneo. Trata-se, ao contrário, de um fenômeno tripartido do qual emergem três objetos teóricos, cada um deles alinhado a um nível da linguagem.
The Use of Intermittent Non-Invasive Ventilation as an Alveolar Recruitment
Method for Patient with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Zouwayhed Mazen , Gouher Saria , Bhaskar Balu , Zain Moeena , Burghleh Samer , Khani Rania , Yousef Razan , Khan Abdul Rahman , Aoun Naim 
Published: December 2021

Background:
The use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) as a therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to COVID 19 pneumonia has
been controversial. NIV is an aerosol generating procedure which may increase the risk of viral transmission amongst patients and staff. Because
of fear of aerosolizing the virus and transmitting the disease, initial expert recommendation was to avoid NIV and proceed with early intubation.
With further experience of the virus, this recommendation has been challenged and NIV has been used widely with some retrospective studies
quoting between 11 to 56 percent of COVID 19 related respiratory failures being treated with NIV.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of using non-invasive mechanical ventilation as an alveolar recruitment method for
patients with severe COVID 19 pneumonia. This method was used by our respiratory team on selected patients during the early phase of the
COVID 19 pandemic.

Methods:
We reviewed the charts of patients that were admitted to the American Hospital Dubai intensive care unit, or our medical step-down unit who had
diffuse bilateral infiltrates requiring oxygen supplementation between March and October 2020. We identified patients who were on intermittent
BiPAP in addition to standard care. We also monitored the rate of infection among staff taking care of these patients.

Results:
Average length of stay after starting BIPAP therapy was 6.8 days, while the average total length of stay was 13.6 days. Only one patient was
transferred to the ICU after being on the BIPAP protocol and did not need intubation.
All patients were discharged home either without oxygen or with their chronic baseline home oxygen requirement.
Radiological improvement in aeration was seen in 100% of patients at follow-up x-ray post-intervention.
There were no reported pulmonary complications from barotrauma, such as pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum.
There were no reported cases of staff infection to the health care workers that were taking care of these patients

Conclusion:
Our first of its kind observational study showed clearly that using BIPAP therapy for one hour three times daily during nebulization therapy in
addition to standard care resulted in a significant reduction in hospital length of stay and hastened the clinical and radiological improvement of
patients with severe COVID 19 pneumonia.
Methemoglobinaemia in Diabetic Ketoacidosis Patient
Authors: Mohamed Magdy , Javed Nadem 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a common X-linked genetic disorder.

Case Presentation:
In this paper, we report a case of a 41-years-old male patient with non-insulin-dependent diabetes and a family history of G6PD deficiency never
known to have any previous hemolytic episodes, presented as a case of diabetic ketoacidosis with features of hemolytic anemia due to G6PD
deficiency manifesting as methemoglobinemia and anemia.

Conclusion:
Our patient successfully managed with ascorbic acid and red blood cell transfusion. Clinicians should, therefore, be aware of the possibility of this
uncommon association between diabetic ketoacidosis, G6PD deficiency, and methemoglobinemia which may be present in patients with G6PD
deficiency and severe hemolysis.
Screening of Natural Compounds Against SOD1 as a Therapeutic Target
for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Pahal Sonu , Chaudhary Amit , Singh Sangeeta 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an uncommon and progressive neurological
illness that predominantly includes the neurons liable for voluntary muscular activities. Starting from
weakness or stiffness in muscles, this gradually exploits the strength and ability to speak, eat, move, and
even breathe. Its exact mechanism is still not clear, but mutations in the SOD1 gene have been reported to
cause ALS, and some studies also found involvement of SOD1 overexpression in the pathogenesis of
ALS. As of now, there is no remedy available for its cure.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to identify the potential inhibitors for wild type 1HL5, l113T
mutant, and A4V mutant of SOD1 (Superoxide Dismutase 1) protein.

Methods:
In this study, in silico approaches like virtual screening, molecular docking, pharmacokinetic
parameters study, and molecular dynamics simulation were used to identify the best potential inhibitors
against wild type and mutant SOD1 protein.

Results:
On the basis of binding affinity and binding energy, the top three compounds
ZINC000095486263, ZINC000095485989, and ZINC000028462577 were observed as the best compounds.
In the case of 1HL5, ZINC000095486263 had the highest binding affinity with docking score -
10.62 Kcal/mol, 1UXM with ZINC000095485989 had the highest docking score -12.03 Kcal/mol, and
4A7V with ZINC000028462577 was found -11.72 Kcal/mol. Further, Molecular Dynamic Simulations
(MDS) results showed that the ZINC000095486263, ZINC000095485989, and ZINC000095485956
compounds were formed a stable complex with 1HL5, 1UXM, and 4A7V respectively.

Conclusions:
After analyzing the results, we hereby conclude that natural compounds such as
ZINC000095486263, ZINC000095485989, and ZINC000095485956 could be used as a potential inhibitor
of 1HL5, 1UXM, and 4A7V respectively for ALS treatment and could be used as a drug. Further, In
vivo/vitro study of these compounds could be a future direction in the field of drug discovery.
Computational Study Reveals PARP1 and P2Y1 Receptors as Prospective
Targets of Withaferin-A for Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Ravindran Rekha , Posa Krishnamoorthy Praveen Kumar , Kumar Sriram , Roy Sujata , Gowthaman Sakthi Abirami , Rajkumar Johanna 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death worldwide,
which urges for effective strategies of prevention and treatment. Withaferin-A (WFA), the key metabolite
identified in Withania somnifera, has been known for its cardioprotective properties. Although it has been
traditionally employed to treat cardiovascular ailments for several decades, its exact mechanism of action
still remains unexplained.

Objective:
The current study modeled and scored the interactions of WFA with nine prospective protein
targets associated with cardiovascular diseases through molecular docking and DSX-scoring.

Methods:
Molecular docking was carried out using Autodock and DSX scoring was carried out using
DSX standalone software. WFA was observed to favorably interact with six targets before DSX-based
rescoring, but only with Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 and P2Y Purinoceptor-1 after DSX-based
rescoring. The spatial orientation, physicochemical properties and structural features of Withaferin-A
were compared with that of the approved drugs by pharmacophore modeling and hierarchical clustering.

Results:
The results of molecular docking, DSX-based rescoring and complete pharmacophore modeling
together revealed that PARP1 and P2Y1 receptors could be prospective targets of WFA for the treatment
of CVD.

Conclusion:
Simulation using GROMACS has revealed that WFA forms a more stable complex with
PARP1 and will be useful in developing broad-spectrum drugs against cardiovascular diseases. Further
computational studies through machine learning and network pharmacology methods can be carried out to
improve the Withaferin-A compound features by incorporating additional functional groups necessary for
molecular recognition of the target genes in the network responsible for cardiovascular diseases.
Decitabine Enhances Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Apoptosis through SH3BGRL
Upregulation
Authors: Tong Xiuzhen , Wang Haihe , Chen Xiaomin , Liu Fengqi , Rong Dade , Xu Limei 
Published: December 2021

Background:
SH3-domain-binding glutamic acid-rich protein-like protein (SH3BGRL) is downregulated in
acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Clinically, DNA demethylating drug decitabine (DAC) combined with traditional
chemotherapies reveals better efficacy on AML patients than the conventional chemotherapies alone. Our previous
results revealed that human SH3-domain-binding glutamic acid-rich protein-like protein (SH3BGRL) plays a tumor
suppressive role in AML but whether there is a connection between DAC and SH3BGRL expression remains elusive.

Methods:
Here, we tentatively treated AML cell lines U937, MV4, and HL-60 with DAC and Western Blots, RT-PCR
was used to detect the expression of SH3BGRL. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined using Annexin V/7-
AAD staining. Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot were used to determine the expression of SH3BGRL mRNA and
protein. Methylation-specific PCR was used to quantify the DNA methylation in AML cell lines.

Results:
DAC had cytotoxicity in HL-60, MV4, and U937. In U937 cell lines, treatment with DAC showed the upregulation
of cleaved caspase3, PARP, and SH3BGRL. Upon treatment, up-regulation of SH3BGRL mRNA and protein
was dose-dependent and this activity was partially inhibited in endogenous SH3BGRL knockdown cell lines.

Conclusion:
Thus, our results demonstrated a possibly cytotoxic role of DAC on AML cells by upregulation of
SH3BGRL expression at epigenetic modulation level and the methylation status in the SH3BGRL promoter region
could be a supplemental diagnostic marker to the precise administration of DAC to AML patients.
Review of Therapies using TiO2 Nanomaterials for Increased Anticancer Capability
Authors: Pérez-Larios Alejandro , Rodríguez-Barajas Noé , Anaya-Esparza Luis Miguel , Villagrán-de la Mora Zuami , Sánchez-Burgos Jorge Alberto 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:
Recently, Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been studied as an alternative to treat cancer diseases under different
activation therapies. The aim of this review was to describe the effect of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) on some cancer cell
lines and their interaction with phototherapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT),
sonodynamic therapy (SDT), and ultraviolet therapy (UV) for anticancer treatment. The use of TiO2 combined with
PDT, PTT, SDT, or UV has shown a remarkable capacity to enhance the killing of cancer cells through reactive oxygen
species formation. Thus, the combination of TiO2 and activation therapies exhibited great potential and could be a
viable anticancer treatment strategy. However, more studies on phototherapies in combination with TiO2 and their
effects under different experimental conditions (TiO2 concentration, type of cancer cells, and intensity and frequency
of therapies) are necessary to guarantee the safe use of this kind of therapy.
The Regulatory Network Played by miRNAs During Normal Pregnancy and Preeclampsia: A Comparative Study
Authors: Ojeda-Casares Héctor , Paradisi Irene 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific syndrome, characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and edema. Affecting between 2% and 8% of gestations worldwide, it accounts for 10% to 15% of maternal deaths. Although its etiology remains unclear, it includes complex pathological processes involving microRNAs, small non-coding RNA molecules with post-transcriptional repression effects on target mRNAs.

Objective:
To assess the expression of miRNAs during normal pregnancies and those complicated by preeclampsia, a sample of Venezuelan women were studied.

Method:
Nine placental microRNAs (hsa-miR- 20a-5p, 21-3p, 26a-5p, 181a-5p, 199a-5p, 210-3p, 222-5p, 223-3p, 424-3p) were measured in maternal plasma during the second and third trimesters of normal pregnancies, using a SYBR Green®-based real-time PCR, and compared the results against women affected by preeclampsia.

Results:
All assessed miRNAs were detected in maternal plasma in pregnancies with and without preeclampsia. All except miR-222 were over-expressed during disease when compared to the second and to third-trimester controls. miR-20a, miR-21, miR-26a, and miR-223 were down-regulated in the third trimester in comparison to the second trimester in normal pregnancies.

Conclusion:
The variation of the miRNAs expression through normal pregnancies suggested their involvement in normal physiological pregnancy processes. In contrast, the significant deregulation of the nine studied miRNAs during preeclampsia indicated the involvement of their target genes in the pathogenesis of the disease. miR-199a and miR-21-3p showed the greatest changes in expression. This study shows for the first time the presence of miR-20a, miR-199, and miR-424 and the variations they undergo in the plasma of pregnant women with preeclampsia.
Analysis of Overexpressed miRNA in Circulation and Cancer Tissue to Develop a Potential microRNA Panel for the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Pruseth Babita , Ghosh Amit , Pradhan Dibyabhaba , Purkait Suvendu , Guttula Praveen Kumar 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the world’s fourth deadly cancer, but its early diagnosis can be curative with considerable success rates. This study was aimed to identify CRC specific microRNAs (miRNAs) in tissue and serum samples to develop a miRNA-based diagnostics panel for the minimal invasive detection of CRC in early condition.

Methods:
By integrating four microarrays in tissue and serum samples of CRC from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we screened out the highly expressed miRNAs in each dataset by using limma R package. Two important upregulated miRNAs namely hsa-miR-1246 and hsa-miR-1825 were overlapped in both tissue and serum samples of CRC, and were investigated to target identification, followed by functional annotation and protein- protein interaction (PPI) study for the target genes through DAVID and STRING respectively. Finally, hub target genes were retrieved by Cytoscape analysis.

Results:
It was shown that target genes of hsa-miR-1246 and hsa-miR-1825 were involved with core KEGG pathways (such as cAMP, PI3K-Akt and calcium signaling pathway). In addition, biological processes (such as cell adhesion and cell proliferation), cellular components (such as plasma membrane and cytosol), molecular functions (such as protein binding and metal ion binding), were mostly associated with the target genes. Their top 5 target genes were retrieved and their biological function towards tumor progression was shown using Cancer Hallmarks Analytics Tool.

Conclusion:
This study suggested that hsa-miR-1246 and hsa-miR-1825, as overlapped upregulated tissue and circulating miRNAs might have a vital role in the development of CRC and their five hub target genes were identified.
A Review on Mechanical Properties of Natural Fibre Reinforced PLA
Composites
Authors: Kumar Anil , Sinha Agnivesh Kumar , Rao Kasi Raja , Soni Vinay Kumar , Chandrakar Rituraj , Sharma Hemant Kumar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:
Presently, scientists and researchers are in an endless quest to develop green, recyclable,
and eco-friendly materials. Natural fibre reinforced polymer composites became popular
among materialists due to their lightweight, high strength-to-weight ratio, and biodegradability.
However, all-natural fibre reinforced polymer composites are not biodegradable. Polymer matrices
like poly-lactic acid (PLA) and poly-butylene succinate (PBS) are biodegradable, whereas
epoxy, polypropylene, and polystyrene are non-biodegradable polymer matrices. Besides biodegradability,
PLA has been known for its excellent physical and mechanical properties. This review
emphasises the mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and impact strengths) of natural fibrereinforced
PLA composites. Factors affecting the mechanical properties of PLA composites are
also discussed. It also unveils research gaps from the previous literature, which shows that limited
studies are reported based on modeling and prediction of mechanical properties of hybrid PLA
composites reinforcing natural fibres like abaca, aloe vera, and bamboo fibres.