bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluoride removal efficiency of Tulsi (Ocimum Sanctum) from water
Authors: Bayu Kefelegn , Geremew Abraham , Deriba Wegene , Mulugeta Yohannes , Wagari Samuel , Dirirsa Gebisa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Fluoride concentration in drinking water higher than the recommended value imposes different health problems and there are advanced and chemical based defluoridation techniques, even if they are not feasible for developing countries and have limitations. Due to this, defluoridation by using locally available plants is one of the most efficient and sustainable options. Therefore, the current study was intended to investigate fluoride removal efficiency of Tulsi (Ocimum Sanctum) from water, which can be an alternative means to reduce the problem related to its high concentration. A laboratory-based experimental study was implemented by using potentiometric determination in Haramaya University. The leaves of Tulsi were collected, washed with tap water, rinsed with distilled water, and then dried at room temperature, crushed and sieved through a 500-μm stainless steel sieve. The experiments were conducted on water artificially fluoridated by anhydrous fluoride and natural water samples collected from deep well water sources from Adama and Harar town. Data was analyzed using Design of Expert (DOE) and Microsoft Excel. Twenty-nine runs for aqueous solution were conducted at different factor combinations and the optimum combinations were applied for natural water samples. The study depicts that the plant has an efficiency of removing 68.4% of fluoride from water. The best factor combinations to achieve this efficiency was 0.2 g/100 ml, 22.6 min, 5.7 and 6.6 mg/l, adsorbent dose, contact time, pH and initial concentration respectively. pH and initial concentration have a negative effect and adsorbent dose and contact time have a positive effect on removing fluoride from water. Hence, people living in fluorosis endemic areas can use the processed plant as a de-fluoridating agent to minimize adverse health effects.
Herbal Drugs as Immune Booster Against Viral Infections
Authors: Sahoo Biswa Mohan , Mohapatra Gyanendra , Chowdhury Bimalendu , Sruti J. , Rana Rabi Narayan , Das Rajaram , Jena Jasma 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
The immune system involves both active and passive immunization. The antibodies
are developed against the antigens during active immunization and are permanently stored.
But, in the case of passive immunization, the antibodies are exposed to the same antigens in
every person who is already infected. In order to enhance the immune systems i.e. innate and
adaptive immune responses, herbal plants are used as an immune booster. Some of the herbal
plants have been proven clinically to enhance immunity that includes Morniga oleifera
(Drumstick), Azadirachta indica (Neem), Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi), Withania somnifera (Aswagandha),
Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Allium sativum (Garlic), Curcuma longa (Turmeric),
Emblica officinalis (Amla) etc. Compared to synthetic drugs, herbal drugs have fewer side effects
and stimulate the immune system to defend against various foreign pathogens. Even
though herbal medicines are usually considered as safe and effective therapy, it is clinically
proven that if a drug is effective, it would have some side effects. But, sometimes, the antioxidant
property of herbal medicines is helpful in reducing the toxicities produced by any toxic
substances or any drugs. This review aims to encourage the study of various herbal constituents
and their role in the treatment of different types of viral infections.
An Effective QWBA/UHPLC-MS/Tissue Punch Approach: Solving a Pharmacokinetic Issue via Quantitative Met-ID
Authors: Pánczél József , Schudok Manfred , Schiell Matthias , Riedel Jens , Kertesz Vilmos 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Methods to provide absolute quantitation of the administered drug and corresponding
metabolites in tissue in a spatially resolved manner is a challenging but much needed
capability in pharmaceutical research. Quantitative Whole-Body Autoradiography (QWBA) after a
single- dose intravenous (3 mg/kg) and extravascular (30 mg/kg) administrations of an in vitro
metabolically stable test compound (structure not reported here) indicated quick tissue distribution
and excretion.

Objective:
Good bioavailability and short in vivo half-lives were determined formerly for the same
test compound. For closing gaps in the understanding of pharmacokinetic data and in vitro results,
radioactive hot spots on whole-body tissue sections had been profiled.

Method:
Punches from selected tissue regions containing high radioactivity in the tissue sections
previously analyzed by QWBA were extracted by a highly organic solvent and analyzed without
any consecutive sample preparation step, applying Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-
Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) and off-line radioanalysis to maximize signal levels for
metabolite identification and profiling.

Results:
The analysis revealed that the test compound was metabolized intensively by phase I reactions
in vivo and the metabolites formed were excreted in bile and urine. The predominant metabolites
showed abundant signal intensities both by MS and by radioanalysis but the MS signal intensities
generally underestimated the real abundances of metabolites relative to the unchanged drug.

Conclusions:
This work illustrates that maximizing the sensitivity of tissue punch radioanalysis and
the combination with UHPLC-MS leads to a better insight into pharmacokinetic processes by providing
quantitative data with high molecular selectivity.
Characteristics of a Group of Obese Tunisian People and Results of a Weight Management Intervention
Authors: Oueslati Insaf , Safi Eya , Temessek Aroua , Htira Yosra , Ben Mami Faika 
Published: August 2021

Background and aims: Overweight and obesity are increasing worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of a group of obese and overweight Tunisian adults and the results of a weight management intervention
Methods: this is a prospective study that included 58 Tunisian adults. at baseline, they undertook dietary intake assessment, arthrometric measurements and biological tests, then after 3 weeks of healthy diet and physical activity.
Results: this study included 8 men and 50 women. The mean age was 44 years ±10.68. The mean BMI for men and women was respectively 37.86kg/m2±7.6 and 34.77kg/m2±4.77. Abdominal obesity affected all but one participant. Hyperglycemia affected 20.7% of participants, 43.1% had hypercholesterolaemia and 19% had hypertriglyceridemia. vitamin B1, folate and vitamin C intake was insufficient respectively in 82.8%, 75.9% and 89.7% of participants. More than 80% were not consuming enough calcium. An insufficiency in iron intake was observed in half participants. The body weight and BMI after 3 weeks were significantly lower than measurements at baseline, P=0.00. There was a nonsignificant beneficial effect on glycemia and lipidic profile.
Conclusion: Overweight and obese people are subjects to obesity-related diseases and deficiencies in micronutrients. A persistent healthy lifestyle can reduce weight and related morbidities.
Epileptic Seizure Detection using Deep Ensemble Network with Empirical Wavelet Transform
Authors: Panda Sreelekha , Das Abhishek , Mishra Satyasis , Mohanty Mihir Narayan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Epileptic seizure attack is caused by abnormal brain activity of human subjects. Certain cases will lead to death. The detection and diagnosis is therefore an important task. It can be performed either by direct patient activity during seizure or by electroencephalogram (EEG) signal analysis by neurologists. EEG signal processing and detection of seizures using machine learning techniques make this task easier than manual detection. To overcome this problem related to a neurological disorder, we have proposed the ensemble learning technique for improved detection of epilepsy seizures from EEG signals. In the first stage, EEG signal decomposition is done by utilizing empirical wavelet transform (EWT) for smooth analysis in terms of sub-bands. Further, features are extracted from each sub. Time and frequency domain features are the two categories used to extract the statistical features. These features are used in a stacked ensemble of deep neural network (DNN) model along with multilayer Perceptron (MLP) for the detection and classification of ictal, inter-ictal, and pre-ictal (normal) signals. The proposed method is verified using two publicly available datasets provided by the University of Bonn (UoB dataset) and Neurology and Sleep Center - New Delhi (NSC-ND dataset). The proposed algorithm resulted in 98.93 % and 98 % accuracy for the UoB and NSC-ND datasets, respectively.
Satisfaction with Democracy in Perspective: Anchoring Today By Looking Back and Forward
Authors: van Houwelingen Pepijn , Dekker Paul 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The question of how satisfied people are with the workings of their national democracy has oft en been criticized but is still the international standard measurement of satisfaction with democracy (SWD). In this paper we explore the benefits of adding questions about remembered and expected satisfaction ‘ten years ago’ and ‘ten years from now’, as were asked in the ISSP citizenship surveys of 2004 and 2014. Based on the data from seventeen European countries, we find that national samples:

■ do not show universal ‘nostalgia’,

■ produce good guesses of past satisfaction but show no futurist insights,

■ give retrospective judgments that do not correlate well with changes in expert opinions,

■ give retrospective judgments that do not correlate well with changes in the share of the populist vote.

At the individual level we find:

■ that in almost all countries expected satisfaction with democracy ten years from now is a better predictor of political trust and feelings of political efficacy than satisfaction with democracy today,

■ that in almost all countries expected satisfaction with democracy ten years from now is a better predictor of the preference for populist voting (in one national case study),

we note that Poland is the only country in our sample where citizens were, in 2014, retrospectively more positive about the development of their democracy, probably due to the severe economic conditions Poland faced in 2004.

Overall, we do not find evidence for the relevance of retrospective judgements, but some evidence for the relevance of prospective judgements. We recommend further research into individual changes in present satisfaction and perceptions of these changes to better understand the frames of reference of ‘satisfaction with democracy today’.
Multimodal analgesia in primary bone tumors
Authors: Bratu Angelica , Cursaru Adrian , Comanelea Adina , Şerban Bogdan , Cîrstoiu Cătălin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: A worrying increase in the number of bone tumors that appear at younger ages justifies the efforts aimed at optimizing perioperative management practices in orthopedic tumor surgery. Pain control is critical in the prognosis and postoperative outcome of these procedures.
Material and methods: Our study included a group of 11 patients diagnosed with bone malignancies. These patients were hospitalized in the Orthopedic Clinic of the University Emergency Hospital Bucharest. Under our supervision, they underwent surgical treatment of the tumor under combined general anesthesia and epidural anesthesia for the pelvic limb, and general anesthesia only for the upper limb. We performed perioperative pain management with multimodal analgesia (continuous epidural analgesia with ropivacaine 0,2% and fentanyl 2 mcg/ml in association with systemic analgesics). Following this procedure, we measured the intensity of the postoperative pain at intervals of 48 hours and one week after surgery and compared with preoperative pain intensity using the visual analogue pain scale (VAS).
Results: Multimodal analgesia (epidural analgesia associated with systemic analgesics – paracetamol, COX2 inhibitor, gabapentinoids) was performed well in the postoperative pain of the tumor prosthesis, with a significant decrease in VAS from a mean value of 7.63 preoperatively to an average of 3 in the first 48 hours postoperatively. After the removal of the epidural catheter, which also coincided with patient mobilization, the level of pain registered a slight increase to a mean value of 3.23.
Conclusions: Multimodal analgesia is currently considered the gold standard in perioperative pain management. The use of multimodal analgesia during perioperative period in patients with bone tumors has been shown to decrease the length of hospital stay, improve surgical outcome, reduce the number of systemic complications, and improve the long-term prognosis of the patient. Efficacy of analgesia correlates with tumor site and vascularization.
Spontaneous resolution of a tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula fed by the artery of Wollschlaeger and Wollschlaeger after embolization of the main shunting point
Authors: Ishibashi Ryota , Maki Yoshinori , Ikeda Hiroyuki , Chin Masaki 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula (TDAVF) is a rare intracranial vascular shunt. A TDAVF can be supplied by the Artery of Wollschlaeger and Wollschlaeger (AWW). However, a limited number of cases of TDAVF fed by the AWW have been reported to date.

Case Description:
A 70-year-old woman complaining of the right motor weakness underwent magnetic resonance imaging. A vascular lesion beneath the cerebellar tentorium was incidentally found with chronic infarction of the left corona radiata. Angiographically, the vascular lesion was a TDAVF supplied by the bilateral posterior meningeal arteries. No other apparent feeders were detected. The TDAVF had a shunting point on the inferior surface of the cerebellar tentorium with venous retrograde flow (Borden type III, Cognard type III). To prevent vascular events, endovascular embolization was performed using n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate. Following embolization of the shunting point, a residual shunt fed by the AWW was identified. The shunt supplied by the AWW was not observed preoperatively. Follow-up angiography performed 1 week later revealed spontaneous disappearance of the residual shunt. The patient was followed-up in our outpatient clinic, and no recurrence of the TDAVF was confirmed postoperatively.

Conclusion:
Detection of mild feeding from the AWW to a TDAVF can be elusive preoperatively. Following embolization of the main shunting point, residual shunting from the AWW can resolve spontaneously.
Influence Of Pressing Time On Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Particleboards Made From Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)
Authors: VALYOVA Miglena , KOYNOV Daniel 
Published: August 2021

This study presents the results of
investigations on some physical and mechanical properties of one-layer
particleboards made from Scots
pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The size and the ratio of the using particles were: 0.5-1 mm- 20 %, 1-3 mm- 60 % and 3-5 mm-20 %, respectively. Urea-formaldehyde resin was used as a binder. The effect of
different pressing time- 15, 30, 60 and 90 s.mm-1 on the some properties, such as: density, moisture content, water
absorption, thickness
swelling and bending strength
according to appropriate standards was evaluated. The best results were observed
at pressing time of 60 and 90 s.mm-1. The particleboards obtained under these
conditions can be used in the furniture industry.
EVALUASI BAUT PADA SISTEM SAMBUNGAN WOOD PLASTIC COMPOSITE (WPC) JATI DENGAN VARIASI KUAT PENGENCANG METODE GESER DUA IRISAN BERDASARKAN NDS 2018
Authors: Ni’am Khoirun , Arnandha Yudhi , Susilowati Fajar 
Published: August 2021

<p><em>Wood Plastic Composite </em>(WPC) merupakan salah satu produk pemanfaatan limbah serbuk kayu dan polimer plastik HDPE (<em>High Density Polyethlene) </em>yang dibentuk melalui sistem ekstrusi. Penggunaan WPC sebagai bahan komponen struktural memiliki keterbatasan pada ukuran. Oleh karena itu diperlukan sambungan baut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui nilai kapasitas sambungan WPC menggunakan alat sambung baut. Proses pemasangan baut menggunakan <em>torque wrench, </em>untuk mengetahui kekencangan yang tepat.</p><p> </p><p>Penelitian ini menggunakan metode geser dua irisan. Menggunakan baut standar dengan diameter 10 mm. Tahanan lateral pengujian didapat dari 5% <em>Offset </em>diameter<em>. </em>Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Bahan Bangunan, Jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.</p><p> </p><p>Berdasarkan hasil pengujian didapatkan nilai tahanan lateral WPC jati dengan nilai pengencang 6 Nm, 9 Nm, 12 Nm dan15 Nm diperoleh angka berturut-turut sebesar 15182,2 N; 17348,8 N; 15725,6 N; 19563 N. Nilai tahanan lateral pada variasi kekencangan 12 Nm mengalami penurunan dikarenakan baut terlalu kuat dan kaku menyebabkan WPC mengalami kegagalan terlebih dahulu sehingga sistem sambungan tidak bekerja dengan baik. Variasi kekencangan 15 Nm mendapatkan nilai tahanan lateral terbesar dikarenakan semakin besar kekencangannya semakin besar tahanan lateralnya.</p>
STUDI ANALISIS BETON MUTU TINGGI SCC (SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE) MENGGUNAKAN CAMPURAN LIMBAH MARMER DAN SUPERPLASTICIZER
Authors: Irfansyah Muhammad Haidar , Rakhmawati Anis , Arnandha Yudhi 
Published: August 2021

<p>Beton mutu tinggi adalah beton yang memiliki kuat tekan lebih besar dibandingkan beton normal biasa. <em>Self Compacting Concrete</em> (SCC) adalah beton baru yang dapat mengisi ruang secara padat tanpa menggunakan <em>vibrator</em>. Salah satu cara untuk membuat beton SCC adalah penambahan <em>superplasticizer. </em>Penggunaan campuran limbah marmer sebagai pengganti sebagian agregat halus dapat memperkuat nilai kuat tekan beton. Sehingga pada penelitian ini digunakan <em>superplasticizer </em>dan limbah marmer dalam pembuatan beton SCC untuk mendapatkan beton mutu tinggi.</p><p> Metode penelitian pembuatan beton sesuai SNI 03-2834-2000. Variabel pada penelitian ini yaitu terletak pada kadar campuran limbah marmer sebesar 0%, 20%, 30%, dan 40%. Benda uji direndam selama 28 hari kemudian dilakukan uji kuat tekan menggunakan <em>Compression Testing Machine</em> (CTM).</p><p> Hasil penelitian kuat tekan rata-rata beton normal sebesar 36,542 MPa, beton normal dengan campuran limbah marmer dan <em>superplasticizer</em> sebesar 36,898 MPa, beton campuran limbah marmer 20% sebesar 40,692 MPa, beton campuran limbah marmer 30% sebesar 41,270 MPa, dan beton campuran limbah marmer 40% sebesar 41,948 MPa. Disimpulkan bahwa penambahan campuran limbah marmer dan <em>superplasticizer</em> pada beton SCC berpengaruh terhadap kenaikan laju kuat tekan beton seiring bertambahnya persentase limbah marmer.</p>
ANALISA KEBUTUHAN TRAFFIC LIGHT PADA SIMPANG EMPAT TAK BERSINYAL GRABAG KABUPATEN MAGELANG
Authors: Pramono Bagas , Susilowati Fajar , Puspitasari Evi 
Published: August 2021

<p>Simpang Grabag Kabupaten Magelang merupakan simpang empat tak bersinyal. Terdapat beberapa pusat kegiatan disekitar simpang seperti pasar dan terminal. Namun kondisi lalu lintas yang ada tidak teratur, terjadi tundaan dan antrian serta rawan sekali terjadi kecelakaan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan Analisa Kebutuhan <em>Traffic Light</em> dan perencanaan <em>traffic light</em> pada simpang tak bersinyal Grabag sehingga didapat pengendalian arus simpang dan sistem <em>traffic light</em> yang teratur.</p><p>Data diperoleh dari survey secara langsung selama 3 hari berupa data geometrik jalan dan volume lalu lintas. Sedangkan data populasi penduduk diperoleh dari BPS Kabupten Magelang. Analisa dilakukan terhadap derajat kejenuhan dan tundaan</p><p>Berdasarkan Alat Pemberi Isyarat Lampu Lalu Lintas (APILL), simpang Grabag perlu dipasang <em>traffic light</em> karena kinerja simpang sudah tidak dapat melayani arus lalu lintas dengan baik pada pagi dan sore hari. Didapatkan derajat kejenuhan tertinggi sebesar 0,99 yang berarti sudah melebihi ketentuan nilai derajat kejenuhan yaitu 0,85 dari kapasitas. Arus total persimpangan rata- rata yaitu sebesar 22994 kend/jam selama 8 jam. Nilai ini juga sudah melebihi batas maksimum salah satu syarat perlu <em>traffic light</em> yaitu 750 kend/jam selama 8 jam. Pemasangan traffic light pada Simpang Grabag sudah layak dengan pengaturan 2 fase sehingga didapatkan nilai derajat kejenuhan yaitu 0,57 - 0,71 dan rata-rata tundaan menjadi 30 det/kend.</p>
PENGARUH LATIHAN TENDANGAN KE ATAS KURSI TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN TENDANGAN DEPAN PADA EKSTRAKURIKULER PENCAK SILAT DI SMK BINA INSAN MANDIRI
Authors: Suryadin Tatang , Sahudi Udi , Kulyana Kulyana 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK. Dasar dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler pencak silat keseluruhan dalam melakukan tendangan depan tekniknya masih kurang benar. Dengan rumusan masalah apakah terdapat pengaruh latihan tendangan ke atas kursi terhadap keterampilan tendangan depan pada ekstrakurikuler pencak silat di SMK Bina Insan Mandiri?. Dan tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan tendangan ke atas kursi terhadap keterampilan tendangan depan pada ekstrakurikuler pencak silat di SMK Bina Insan Mandiri.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan eksperimen dengan Pre-Exsperimental Desain dalam bentuk one group pretest posttest. Populasi dan sampel adalah siswa yang mengikuti ekstrakulikuler pencak silat di SMK Bina Insani yang berjumlah 16 orang diambil dengan cara total sampling. Tes yang digunakan adalah tes keterampilan tendangan diadaptasi dari Lubis dan Wardoyo. Analisis data menggunakan paired sample t test
Berdasarkan pengolahan data diperoleh terjadi peningkatan sebesar 4,125, dengan standar deviasi 0,719. nilai Sig. (2-tailed) diperoleh nilai 0.000. Oleh karena nilai sig lebih kecil dari nilai alpha (0,000 < 0.05). Jadi bisa disimpulkan terdapat pengaruh latihan tendangan ke atas kursi terhadap keterampilan tendangan depan pada ekstrakurikuler pencak silat di SMK Bina Insan Mandiri.
Peneliti merekomendasikan latihan tendangan ke atas kursi sebagai alternatif untuk melatih dan memperbaiki teknik tendangan depan.
Aspectos de la pluralización religiosa a partir del ingreso de la misión the Christian and missionary alliance en el Sur chileno, el caso del misionero metodista Albert Dawson (1897 – 1914)
Authors: Escobar Sepúlveda Darío 
Published: August 2021

El ingreso de diversos cultos protestantes a Chile desde mediados del siglo XIX tensionó el orden religioso establecido dando un impulso y transformando las esferas de discusión acerca del lugar que debía tener la religión en la construcción del Estado chileno. En este contexto de tensiones político religiosas que se vincularon al proceso de secularización de la sociedad chilena, ingresó a fines del siglo XIX la Misión The Christian and Missionary Alliance, una organización estadounidense que buscaba instalarse en el territorio del sur chileno en búsqueda de nuevos prosélitos. Este artículo da cuenta del proceso de establecimiento de la Misión The Christian and Missionary Alliance, en la persona de uno de sus fundadores, Albert E. Dawson, un ministro religioso metodista canadiense que arribó a Chile durante 1897 e hizo una cruzada apostólica hasta el año 1914; la instalación de esta Misión en Chile se vinculó en buena parte a las actividades de este misionero el cual ha sido silenciado tanto de la historiografía chilena como de la memoria del evangelicalismo chileno.