bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy cost of walking and body composition changes during a 9-month multidisciplinary weight reduction program and 4-month follow-up in adolescents with obesity
Authors: D’Alleva Mattia , Gonnelli Federica , Vaccari Filippo , Boirie Yves , Montaurier Christophe , Thivel David , Isacco Laurie , Vermorel Michel , Lazzer Stefano 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the present study was to investigate changes in the energy cost of locomotion during walking (Cw) related to changes in body mass (BM, kg) and body composition in adolescents with obesity. Twenty-six (12 boys and 14 girls) obese adolescents (mean: body mass index, 33.6 ± 3.7 kg·m–2; 42.7 ± 4.5% fat mass (FM)) followed a 9-month multidisciplinary inpatient weight-reduction program consisting of lifestyle education, moderate energy restriction, and regular physical activity in a specialised institution. At baseline (M0), the end of the 9-month program (M9), and after the 4-month follow-up (M13), oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production of the standardised activity program were assessed by whole-body indirect calorimetry over 24 hours, and body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. At M9, adolescents showed an 18% reduction in BM (p < 0.001) and 40% in total FM, while fat-free mass (kg) remained stable in boys but decreased by ∼6% in girls (p = 0.001). Similarly, the mean Cw decreased by 20% (p < 0.001). At M13, BM, FM, and Cw were slightly higher compared with at M9. In conclusion, moderate energy restriction and regular moderate physical activities improved walking economy, improved exercise tolerance, and induced beneficial changes in the body composition of adolescents with obesity. Novelty: Reduction of FM in the trunk region, and consequently reducing the work carried out by respiratory muscles, contributes to reducing Cw in adolescents with obesity. A lower walking cost can be effective in improving exercise tolerance and quality of life in obese adolescents.
Effect of pelleting on nutrients and energy digestibility in growing pigs fed corn-soybean meal-based diet or diet containing corn distillers dried grains with solubles (cDDGS), wheat middlings, and bakery meal
Authors: Chassé Élisabeth , Guay Frédéric , Létourneau-Montminy Marie-Pierre 
Published: September 2021

This study was conducted to determine the effect of pelleting and diet type on the apparent ileal (AID) and total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and energy in growing pigs. Six pigs were cannulated at the ileum and were assigned to treatments following a crossover design. One diet was a control diet based on corn and soybean meal (CT). Part of it was replaced by corn distillers dried grains with solubles (cDDGS), wheat middlings, and bakery meal in the second diet (ByP). Diets were in mash (CT-MH and ByP-MH) or pelleted (CT-PT and ByP-PT) form. Results showed that pelleting increased digestibility in all diets with a distinct effect on the CT diet (interaction diet × pelleting, P < 0.05). Pelleting improved the AID of dry matter, crude protein, and energy by 17%, 27%, and 17% in the CT diet and by 10%, 9%, and 17% in the ByP diet (P < 0.01). The AID of amino acids followed the effect observed on crude protein (P < 0.01). Pelleting increased AID of total non-starch polysaccharides for the CT diet by 63% and 42% for the ByP diet (P < 0.01). The pelleting conditions improved the degradability of the compounds in the diets during digestion in pigs.
Canadian spring hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars exhibit broad adaptation to ultra-early wheat planting systems
Authors: Collier Graham R.S. , Spaner Dean M. , Graf Robert J. , Gampe Cindy A. , Beres Brian L. 
Published: September 2021

Ultra-early wheat growing systems based on soil temperature triggers for planting instead of arbitrary calendar dates can increase grain yield and overall growing system stability of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on the northern Great Plains. We conducted field trials at three sites in western Canada from 2017 to 2019 to evaluate the suitability of Canadian spring hexaploid wheat cultivars and market classes for use within ultra-early spring wheat growing systems. All cultivars and classes exhibited improved grain yield stability (lower adjusted coefficient of variation values) and optimal grain yield when planted ultra-early at 2 °C soil temperature rather than delaying planting to 8 °C.
Prognostic Relevance of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Whole-Tumor Transcriptomic Subtypes and Components
Authors: Zhao Shulin , Nicolle Rémy , Augustin Jérémy , Svrcek Magali , de Mestier Louis , Le Corre Delphine , Pietrasz Daniel , Caliez Olivier , Cros Jérôme , Laurent-Puig Pierre , Bachet Jean-Baptiste 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Our team previously defined six quantitative transcriptomic components, and a classification in five subtypes by association of these components. In this study, we compared the robustness of quantitative components and qualitative classifications from different transcriptomic profiling techniques, investigated their clinical relevance, and proposed a new prognostic model.

Experimental Design:
A total of 210 patients from a multicentric cohort and 149 patients from a monocentric cohort were included in this study. RNA microarray profiles were obtained from 165 patients of the multicentric cohort. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) profiles were obtained from all the patients.

Results:
For the patients with both RNA microarray and RNA-seq profiles, the concordance in subtype assignment was partial with an 82.4% coherence rate. The correlation between the two technique projections of the six components ranged from 0.85 to 0.95, demonstrating an advantage of robustness. On the basis of the Akaike information criterion, the RNA components showed more prognostic value in univariate or multivariate models than the subtypes. Using the monocentric cohort for training, we developed a multivariate Cox regression model using all six components and clinicopathologic characteristics (node invasion and resection margins) on disease-free survival (DFS). This prognostic model was highly associated with DFS (P &lt; 0.001). The evaluation of the model in the multicentric cohort showed significant association with DFS and overall survival (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions:
We described the advantage of the prognostic value and robustness of the whole-tumor transcriptomic components than subtypes. We created and validated a new DFS-based multivariate Cox regression prognostic model, including six pancreatic adenocarcinoma transcriptomic component levels and pathologic characteristics.
Single-Cell Profiling Reveals Metabolic Reprogramming as a Resistance Mechanism inBRAF-Mutated Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Waldschmidt Johannes M. , Kloeber Jake A. , Anand Praveen , Frede Julia , Kokkalis Antonis , Dimitrova Valeriya , Potdar Sayalee , Nair Monica S. , Vijaykumar Tushara , Im Nam Gyu , Guillaumet-Adkins Amy , Chopra Nitish , Stuart Hannah , Budano Lillian , Sotudeh Noori , Guo Guangwu , Grassberger Clemens , Yee Andrew J. , Laubach Jacob P. , Richardson Paul G. , Anderson Kenneth C. , Raje Noopur S. , Knoechel Birgit , Lohr Jens G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurpose:Although remarkably effective in some patients, precision medicine typically induces only transient responses despite initial absence of resistance-conferring mutations. Using BRAF-mutated myeloma as a model for resistance to precision medicine we investigated if BRAF-mutated cancer cells have the ability to ensure their survival by rapidly adapting to BRAF inhibitor treatment.Experimental Design:Full-length single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing (scRNA-seq) was conducted on 3 patients with BRAF-mutated myeloma and 1 healthy donor. We sequenced 1,495 cells before, after 1 week, and at clinical relapse to BRAF/MEK inhibitor treatment. We developed an in vitro model of dabrafenib resistance using genetically homogeneous single-cell clones from two cell lines with established BRAF mutations (U266, DP6). Transcriptional and epigenetic adaptation in resistant cells were defined by RNA-seq and H3K27ac chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq). Mitochondrial metabolism was characterized by metabolic flux analysis.Results:Profiling by scRNA-seq revealed rapid cellular state changes in response to BRAF/MEK inhibition in patients with myeloma and cell lines. Transcriptional adaptation preceded detectable outgrowth of genetically discernible drug-resistant clones and was associated with widespread enhancer remodeling. As a dominant vulnerability, dependency on oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) was induced. In treated individuals, OxPhos was activated at the time of relapse and showed inverse correlation to MAPK activation. Metabolic flux analysis confirmed OxPhos as a preferential energetic resource of drug-persistent myeloma cells.Conclusions:This study demonstrates that cancer cells have the ability to rapidly adapt to precision treatments through transcriptional state changes, epigenetic adaptation, and metabolic rewiring, thus facilitating the development of refractory disease while simultaneously exposing novel vulnerabilities.
Disease- and Therapy-Specific Impact on Humoral Immune Responses to COVID-19 Vaccination in Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Chung David J. , Shah Gunjan L. , Devlin Sean M. , Ramanathan Lakshmi V. , Doddi Sital , Pessin Melissa S. , Hoover Elizabeth , Marcello LeeAnn T. , Young Jennifer C. , Boutemine Sawsan R. , Serrano Edith , Sharan Saumya , Momotaj Saddia , Margetich Lauren , Bravo Christina D. , Papanicolaou Genovefa A. , Kamboj Mini , Mato Anthony R. , Roeker Lindsey E. , Hultcrantz Malin , Mailankody Sham , Lesokhin Alexander M. , Vardhana Santosha A. , Knorr David A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCoronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccine response data for patients with hematologic malignancy, who carry high risk for severe COVID-19 illness, are incomplete. In a study of 551 hematologic malignancy patients with leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, anti–SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titers and neutralizing activity were measured at 1 and 3 months from initial vaccination. Compared with healthy controls, patients with hematologic malignancy had attenuated antibody titers at 1 and 3 months. Furthermore, patients with hematologic malignancy had markedly diminished neutralizing capacity of 26.3% at 1 month and 43.6% at 3 months, despite positive seroconversion rates of 51.5% and 68.9% at the respective time points. Healthy controls had 93.2% and 100% neutralizing capacity at 1 and 3 months, respectively. Patients with leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma on observation had uniformly blunted responses. Treatment with Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors, venetoclax, phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors, anti-CD19/CD20–directed therapies, and anti-CD38/B-cell maturation antigen–directed therapies substantially hindered responses, but single-agent immunomodulatory agents did not.Significance:Patients with hematologic malignancy have compromised COVID-19 vaccine responses at baseline that are further suppressed by active therapy, with many patients having insufficient neutralizing capacity despite positive antibody titers. Refining vaccine response parameters is critical to guiding clinical care, including the indication for booster vaccines, for this vulnerable population.See related article by Tamari et al., p. 577.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 549
No-Touch Versus Conventional Vein Harvesting Techniques at 12 Months After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: Multicenter Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Tian Meice , Wang Xianqiang , Sun Hansong , Feng Wei , Song Yunhu , Lu Feng , Wang Liqing , Wang Yang , Xu Bo , Wang Huaibin , Liu Su , Liu Zhigang , Chen Yu , Miao Qi , Su Pixiong , Yang Yan , Guo Shaoxian , Lu Bin , Sun Zhiqiang , Liu Kaiyang , Zhang Changwei , Wu Yue , Xu Haitao , Zhao Wei , Han Chao , Zhou Xingtong , Wang Enshi , Huo Xiaoning , Hu Shengshou 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Vein graft occlusion is deemed a major challenge in coronary artery bypass grafting. Previous studies implied that the no-touch technique for vein graft harvesting could reduce occlusion rate compared with the conventional approach; however, evidence on the clinical benefit and generalizability of the no-touch technique is scare.

Methods:
From April 2017 to June 2019, we randomly assigned 2655 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting at 7 hospitals in a 1:1 ratio to receive no-touch technique or conventional approach for vein harvesting. The primary outcome was vein graft occlusion on computed tomography angiography at 3 months and the secondary outcomes included 12-month vein graft occlusion, recurrence of angina, and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events. The generalized estimate equation model was used to account for the cluster effect of grafts from the same patient.

Results:

During the follow-up, 2533 (96.0%) participants received computed tomography angiography at 3 months after coronary artery bypass grafting and 2434 (92.2%) received it at 12 months. The no-touch group had significantly lower rates of vein graft occlusion than the conventional group both at 3 months (2.8% versus 4.8%; odds ratio, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.41–0.80];
P
<0.001) and 12 months (3.7% versus 6.5%; odds ratio, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.41–0.76];
P
<0.001). Recurrence of angina was also less common in the no-touch group at 12 months (2.3% versus 4.1%; odds ratio, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.35–0.85];
P
<0.01). Rates of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events were of no significant difference between the 2 groups. The no-touch technique was associated with higher rates of leg wound surgical interventions at 3-month follow-up (10.3% versus 4.3%; odds ratio, 2.55 [95% CI, 1.85–3.52];
P
<0.001).

Conclusions:
Compared with the conventional vein harvesting approach in coronary artery bypass grafting, the no-touch technique significantly reduced the risk of vein graft occlusion and improved patient prognosis.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03126409.
LVS‐HARMED Risk Score for Incident Heart Failure in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Who Present to the Emergency Department: Data from a World‐Wide Registry
Authors: Johnson Linda S. B. , Oldgren Jonas , Barrett Tyler W. , McNaughton Candace D. , Wong Jorge A. , McIntyre William F. , Freeman Clifford L. , Murphy Laura , Engström Gunnar , Ezekowitz Michael , Connolly Stuart J. , Xu Lizhen , Nakamya Juliet , Conen David , Bangdiwala Shrikant I. , Yusuf Salim , Healey Jeff S. 
Published: September 2021

Background
Heart failure (HF) is a common complication to atrial fibrillation (AF), leading to rehospitalization and death. Early identification of patients with AF at risk for HF might improve outcomes. We aimed to derive a score to predict 1‐year risk of new‐onset HF after an emergency department (ED) visit with AF.

Methods and Results
The RE‐LY AF (Randomized Evaluation of Long‐Term Anticoagulant Therapy) registry enrolled patients with AF presenting to an ED in 47 countries, and followed them for a year. The end point was HF hospitalization and/or HF death. Among 15 400 ED patients, 9765 had no prior HF (mean age, 64.9±14.9 years). Within 1 year, new‐onset HF developed in 6.8% of patients, of whom 21% died of HF. Independent predictors of HF included left ventricular hypertrophy (odds ratio [OR], 1.47; 95% CI, 1.19–1.82), valvular heart disease (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.18–2.04), smoking (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.12–1.78), height (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.90–0.95 per 3 cm), age (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.07–1.15 per 5 years), rheumatic heart disease (OR, 1.77, 95% CI, 1.24–2.51), prior myocardial infarction (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.45–2.36), remaining in AF at ED discharge (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.46–2.36), and diabetes (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.09–1.64). A continuous risk prediction score (LVS‐HARMED [left ventricular, valvular heart disease, smoking or other tobacco use, height, age, rheumatic heart disease, myocardial infarction, emergency department discharge rhythm, and diabetes]) had good discrimination (C statistic, 0.735; 95% CI, 0.716–0.755). Validation was conducted internally using bootstrapping (optimism‐corrected C statistic, 0.705) and externally (C statistic, 0.699). The 1‐year incidence of HF hospitalization and/or HF death across quartile groups of the score was 1.1%, 4.5%, 6.9%, and 14.4%, respectively. LVS‐HARMED also predicted incident stroke (C statistic, 0.753; 95% CI, 0.728–0.778).

Conclusions
The LVS‐HARMED score predicts new‐onset HF after an ED visit for AF. Preventative strategies should be considered in patients with high LVS‐HARMED HF risk.
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Current Report From the North‐Rhine Westphalia Surgical Myocardial Infarction Registry
Authors: Thielmann Matthias , Wendt Daniel , Slottosch Ingo , Welp Henryk , Schiller Wolfgang , Tsagakis Konstantinos , Schmack Bastian , Weymann Alexander , Martens Sven , Neuhäuser Markus , Wahlers Thorsten , Choi Yeong‐Hoon , Ruhparwar Arjang , Liakopoulos Oliver‐J. 
Published: September 2021

Background
Coronary artery bypass grafting has remained an important treatment option for acute coronary syndromes, particularly in patients (1) with ongoing ischemia and large areas of jeopardized myocardium, if percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) cannot be performed; (2) following successful PCI of the culprit lesion with further indication for coronary artery bypass grafting; and (3) where PCI is incomplete, not sufficient, or failed.

Methods and Results

We aimed to analyze coronary artery bypass grafting outcome following prior PCI in acute coronary syndromes from the North‐Rhine‐Westphalia surgical myocardial infarction registry comprising 2616 patients. Primary end points were in‐hospital all‐cause mortality and major adverse cardio‐cerebral event. Patients were 68±11 years of age, had 3‐vessel and left main‐stem disease in 80.4% and 45.3%, presenting a logistic EuroSCORE of 15.1% in unstable angina, 20.3% in non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, and 23.5% in ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction. A history of PCI was present in 36.2% and PCI was performed within 24 hours before surgery in 5.2% in unstable angina, 5.9% in non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, and 16.1% in ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction. PCI failed in 5.3% in unstable angina, 6.8% in non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction and 17.2% in ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, and 28.8% of patients presented with cardiogenic shock. In‐hospital mortality without PCI was 7.4%, but increased to 8.7% with prior PCI >24 hours, 14.5% with prior PCI <24 hours, and 14.1% with failed PCI (
P
<0.003). The in‐hospital major adverse cardio‐cerebral event rate was 16.4% without PCI, but 17.4% with prior PCI >24 hours, 25.6% with prior PCI <24 hours, and 41.3% with failed PCI (
P
=0.014). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed prior PCI (
P
=0.039), as well as failed PCI (
P
=0.001) to be predictors for in‐hospital all‐cause mortality and major adverse cardio‐cerebral event.

Conclusions
In the current PCI era, immediately prior or failed PCI before coronary artery bypass grafting in acute coronary syndromes is associated with high perioperative risk, cardiogenic shock, and increased morbidity and mortality.
Claims‐Based Score for the Prediction of Bleeding in a Contemporary Cohort of Patients Receiving Oral Anticoagulation for Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Alonso Alvaro , Norby Faye L. , MacLehose Richard F. , Zakai Neil A. , Walker Rob F. , Adam Terrence J. , Lutsey Pamela L. 
Published: September 2021

Background
Current scores for bleeding risk assessment in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) undergoing oral anticoagulation have limited predictive capacity. We developed and internally validated a bleeding prediction model using healthcare claims data.

Methods and Results
We selected patients with incident VTE initiating oral anticoagulation in the 2011 to 2017 MarketScan databases. Hospitalized bleeding events were identified using validated algorithms in the 180 days after VTE diagnosis. We evaluated demographic factors, comorbidities, and medication use before oral anticoagulation initiation as potential predictors of bleeding using stepwise selection of variables in Cox models run on 1000 bootstrap samples of the patient population. Variables included in >60% of all models were selected for the final analysis. We internally validated the model using bootstrapping and correcting for optimism. We included 165 434 patients with VTE and initiating oral anticoagulation, of whom 2294 had a bleeding event. After undergoing the variable selection process, the final model included 20 terms (15 main effects and 5 interactions). The c‐statistic for the final model was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.67–0.69). The internally validated c‐statistic corrected for optimism was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.67–0.69). For comparison, the c‐statistic of the Hypertension, Abnormal Renal/Liver Function, Stroke, Bleeding History or Predisposition, Labile International Normalized Ratio, Elderly (>65 Years), Drugs/Alcohol Concomitantly (HAS‐BLED) score in this population was 0.62 (95% CI, 0.61–0.63).

Conclusions
We have developed a novel model for bleeding prediction in VTE using large healthcare claims databases. Performance of the model was moderately good, highlighting the urgent need to identify better predictors of bleeding to inform treatment decisions.
Systolic Blood Pressure and Outcome in Patients Admitted With Acute Heart Failure: An Analysis of Individual Patient Data From 4 Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Grand Johannes , Miger Kristina , Sajadieh Ahmad , Køber Lars , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Ertl Georg , López‐Sendón José , Pietro Maggioni Aldo , Teerlink John R. , Sato Naoki , Gimpelewicz Claudio , Metra Marco , Holbro Thomas , Nielsen Olav W. 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND
In acute heart failure (AHF), systolic blood pressure (SBP) is an important clinical variable. This study assessed the association between SBP and short‐term and long‐term outcomes in a large cohort of patients with AHF.

METHODS AND RESULTS

This is an analysis of 4 randomized controlled trials investigating serelaxin versus placebo in patients admitted with AHF and SBPs from 125 to 180 mm Hg. Outcomes were 180‐day all‐cause mortality and a composite end point of all‐cause mortality, worsening heart failure, or hospital readmission for heart failure the first 14 days. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was examined as LVEF<40% and LVEF≥40%. Multivariable Cox regression models were adjusted for known confounders of outcomes in AHF. A total of 10 533 patients with a mean age of 73 (±12) years and a mean SBP of 145 (±7) mm Hg were included. LVEF was assessed in 9863 patients (93%); 4737 patients (45%) had LVEF<40%. Increasing SBP was inversely associated with 180‐day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR
adjusted
], 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89–0.98;
P
=0.008 per 10 mm Hg increase) and with the composite end point (HR
adjusted
, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.85–0.94;
P
<0.001 per 10 mm Hg increase). A significant interaction with LVEF was observed, revealing that SBP was not associated with mortality in patients with LVEF≥40% (HR
adjusted
, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.91–1.04; per 10 mm Hg increase), but was strongly associated with increased mortality in LVEF<40% (HR
adjusted
, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.77–0.92; per 10 mm Hg increase).

CONCLUSIONS
Elevated SBP is associated with favorable short‐term and long‐term outcomes in patients with AHF. In our predefined subgroup analysis, we found that baseline SBP was not associated with mortality in LVEF≥40%, but was strongly associated with mortality in patients with LVEF<40%.