bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wide‐Range Color Tuning of Narrowband Emission in Multi‐resonance Organoboron Delayed Fluorescence Materials through Rational Imine/Amine Functionalization
Authors: Yang Minlang , Shikita So , Min Hyukgi , Park In Seob , Shibata Hiromoto , Amanokura Natsuki , Yasuda Takuma 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEstablishing a simple and versatile design strategy to finely modulate emission colors while retaining high luminescence efficiency and color purity remains an appealing yet challenging task for the development of multi‐resonance‐induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) materials. Herein, we demonstrate that the strategic introduction of electron‐withdrawing imine and electron‐donating amine moieties into a versatile boron‐embedded 1,3‐bis(carbazol‐9‐yl)benzene skeleton enables systematic hypsochromic and bathochromic shifts of narrowband emissions, respectively. By this method, effective electroluminescence color tuning was accomplished over a wide visible range from deep‐blue to yellow (461–571 nm), using the same MR molecular system, without compromising very narrow spectral features. Deep‐blue to yellow organic light‐emitting diodes with maximum external quantum efficiencies as high as 19.0–29.2 % and superb color purity could be produced with this family of color‐tunable MR‐TADF emitters.
Optical fiber multiparameter sensor for real‐time monitoring of thermoplastic composites during in situ consolidation process
Authors: Zhan Yage , Wang Ziting , Lu Aijiang , Lin Fan , Song Zhongkang , Sun Zeyu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTemperature and strain are important parameters in the in situ consolidation process of thermoplastic composites and have been monitored based on optical fiber Bragg gratings. A special polyimide fiber grating (PFBG) is used in this article. PFBG can monitor temperatures up to 400°C and strains up to 40,000 με. The wavelengths of the PFBGs are obtained by wavelength demodulation system and fast digital signal processing with field programmable gate array. Temperature and strain in auto fiber placement process of thermoplastic composites are monitored accurately according to wavelengths. During the whole consolidation process, temperatures have been monitored with the accuracy of 0.1°C in the range of 100–250°C and strains have been monitored with the accuracy of 1 με in the range of −250 to 500 με. The validity and correctness of the results have been validated by the thermocouple and the strain gauge.
Improving gas barrier properties of sugarcane‐based LLDPE with cellulose nanocrystals
Authors: Natarajan Madhumitha , Sabo Ronald C. , Stark Nicole M. , Matuana Laurent M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study was aimed at improving the gas barrier property of sugarcane based LLDPE using cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Specifically, this study evaluated the effect of CNC content on the crystallinity, tortuosity factor, carbon dioxide permeability (PCO2), and/or oxygen permeability (PO2) of bio‐LLDPE sheets and films. All nanocomposites showed considerable improvement in gas barrier irrespective of the CNC content. The PCO2 coefficient of LLDPE sheets decreased by 36% by adding 10 wt% of CNCs into the sheet. Similarly, a significant decline in both PO2 (about 50%) and PCO2 (about 33%) coefficients of LLDPE films was obtained by adding 2.5 wt% of CNCs into the films. Nevertheless, no correlation was established between gas permeability and percent crystallinity of LLDPE sheet since the PCO2 coefficient decreased almost linearly with increasing CNC content whereas the percent crystallinity of LLDPE increased only up to 2.5% CNC content and remained constant thereafter. In contrast, the tortuosity factors calculated from the gas diffusion coefficients increased almost linearly with CNC contents and correlated well with the gas permeability improvement in bio‐LLDPE‐based nanocomposites. Consequently, the enhanced gas barrier in the nanocomposite was assigned to the tortuosity effect created by the impermeable CNCs rather than the changes in percent crystallinity.
Iterative learning heterogeneous trajectory tracking for partially interdependent networks
Authors: Guo Tianjiao , Tu Lilan , Chai Lang , Su Qingqing 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTrajectory tracking is a hot topic in the field of complex systems. In this paper, based on the Lyapunov stability theory, combined with the adaptive iterative learning control method, the heterogeneous trajectory tracking of partially interdependent networks is investigated in a given finite time interval. The considered network consists of two subnets, where only the firstmnodes are intercoupled. Firstly, some suitable iterative learning controllers, as well as the adaptive laws and the coupling strength learning laws, are designed for each node. Secondly, the boundedness and the convergence of the signals are proved using the proposed control strategy. Finally, some simulations are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the theoretical results presented in this paper. Generally, the accuracy trajectory tracking is found almost proportional to the number of iterations. When the number of iterations is fixed, with the increasing number of nodes having interdependence, the time required to track target accurately is reduced.
Direct tuning method of gain‐scheduled controllers with the sparse polynomials function
Authors: Yahagi Shuichi , Kajiwara Itsuro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn industry, gain‐scheduled proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) control is performed for nonlinear systems using a look‐up table (LUT) that is easy to understand. Compared with the fixed PID, there are many more parameters of the scheduler, and it takes a lot of time to tune them. Also, the ROM storage area increases. To address these problems, in this paper, we propose a gain‐scheduled control law using the sparse polynomial functions and a direct parameter tuning method without system identification. The polynomial functions are used instead of LUT to reduce the ROM area. For direct tuning, data‐driven control is formulated so that it can be applied to the gain‐scheduled control, and the optimal parameters are obtained by the LASSO regression, with which the small contributing parameters of the scheduler become zero, and a sparse controller is obtained. The effectiveness of this method was examined by simulation for two types of nonlinear systems. As a result, it was revealed that a sparse controller with a low calculation cost and a reduced ROM area can be directly obtained without knowing the characteristics of the controlled object for a large number of control parameters of the gain scheduler.
Drohnengestützte 3‐D‐Vermessung als Planungs‐grundlage einer Hochspannungsfreileitung
Authors: Krueger Tim , Röhm Jochen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDie DB Energie GmbH betreibt in Deutschland mit ca. 7700 km Gesamtlänge das Hochspannungs‐Bahnstromnetz und gewährleistet dadurch die sichere Energieversorgung der elektrifizierten Streckenabschnitte im deutschen Schienennetz. Im Auftrag der DB Energie und als Spezialist für Planungsleistungen von Hoch‐ und Höchstspannungsfreileitungen übernimmt das Technikzentrum der Omexom Hochspannung GmbH die technische und genehmigungsrechtliche Planung im Projekt „Unterwerk (Umspannwerk) Rethen“ und nutzt zur Schaffung der erforderlichen Planungsgrundlagen die Möglichkeit der drohnengestützten 3‐D‐Datenerhebung. Das südlich von Hannover gelegene Unterwerk Rethen dient für mehrere Bahnstromleitungen als Start‐ bzw. Endpunkt und soll umgebaut werden. Dies macht eine Neuplanung der Leitungsansprünge erforderlich. Eine besondere Herausforderung stellen div. Betretungsverbote privater Wegeflurstücke sowie die Beeinflussung der sensiblen Drohnentechnologie durch elektromagnetische Felder dar. Im Rahmen mehrerer Messflüge wurden mithilfe eines speziell für diesen Einsatz konfigurierten Systems insgesamt 1000 hoch aufgelöste Einzelfotos aufgenommen und mittels fotogrammetrischer Auswerteverfahren zu einer 3‐D‐Punktwolke mit ca. 90 Mio. Messpunkten aufbereitet. Zur Validierung der Messgenauigkeit fand an einzelnen Standorten eine terrestrische Verifizierungsmessung statt.
Low endotoxin recovery and its impact on endotoxin detection
Authors: Cao Yuan , Zhang Yujie , Qiu Frank 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEndotoxin exists on the outer membrane of Gram‐negative bacteria and poses risks to human health by triggering a series of immune responses. Therefore, its accurate detection is essential. The Limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) test is the most pharmacopeia‐recognized and popular technique for endotoxin detection. Despite its wide industry adoption, the low endotoxin recovery (LER) phenomenon can compromise the LAL test's reliability. This review summarizes the possible reasons attributing to the LER phenomenon from three different perspectives: the endotoxin standards used in hold time study, protein active pharmaceutical ingredients, and excipients. Potential mechanisms and strategies to mitigate the LER phenomenon are also discussed as presented by different research groups.
Rational design of a highly efficient catalytic system for the production of PAPS from ATP and its application in the synthesis of chondroitin sulfate
Authors: Liu Kaifang , Chen Xiulai , Zhong Yunlu , Gao Cong , Hu Guipeng , Liu Jia , Guo Liang , Song Wei , Liu Liming 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe compound 3′‐phosphoadenosine‐5′‐phosphosulfate (PAPS) serves as a sulfate group donor in the production of valuable sulfated compounds. However, elevated costs and low conversion efficiency limit the industrial applicability of PAPS. Here, we designed and constructed an efficient and controllable catalytic system for the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (disodium salt) into PAPS without inhibition from by‐products. In vitro and in vivo testing in Escherichia coli identified adenosine‐5′‐phosphosulfate kinase from Penicillium chrysogenum (PcAPSK) as the rate‐limiting enzyme. Based on analysis of the catalytic steps and molecular dynamics simulations, a mechanism‐guided “ADP expulsion” strategy was developed to generate an improved PcAPSK variant (L7), with a specific activity of 48.94 U·mg−1 and 73.27‐fold higher catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) that of the wild‐type enzyme. The improvement was attained chiefly by reducing the ADP‐binding affinity of PcAPSK, as well as by changing the enzyme's flexibility and lid structure to a more open conformation. By introducing PcAPSK L7 in an in vivo catalytic system, 73.59 mM (37.32 g·L−1) PAPS was produced from 150 mM ATP in 18.5 h using a 3‐L bioreactor, and achieved titer is the highest reported to date and corresponds to a 98.13% conversion rate. Then, the PAPS catalytic system was combined with the chondroitin 4‐sulfotransferase using a one‐pot method. Finally, chondroitin sulfate was transformed from chondroitin at a conversion rate of 98.75%. This strategy has great potential for scale biosynthesis of PAPS and chondroitin sulfate.
Innovative, integrative, and interactive in‐class activity on metabolic regulation: Evaluating educational impacts
Authors: Marques Fernanda , Pinto Luísa , Azevedo Maria Manuel , Sampaio‐Marques Belém , Areias Anabela C. , Salgueira Ana , Costa Manuel Joao , Rodrigues Fernando , Ludovico Paula 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMedical students tend to have difficulties in developing a holistic view of metabolic pathway and hormone regulation. To address this issue, an interactive activity was implemented for first‐year medical students at the School of Medicine, University of Minho, Portugal. Students' previous knowledge on metabolic pathways was evaluated by a pre‐test followed by an interactive activity. In the supervised activity, students were challenged to elaborate a diagrammatic representation regarding enzymes, co‐factors, and hormonal metabolic regulation in early fasting during the night, as well as in well‐fed conditions. The activity was concluded with a post‐test to determine the students' learning gains and a few days later students were evaluated by a final exam. Afterwards, students evaluated the activity by filling a questionnaire. Results from four different cohorts showed that the activity resulted in significant learning gains, particularly favoring students who have less prior knowledge. The comparison between the pre‐test and the final exam also revealed significant learning gains for low achievers students. On the questionnaires, the majority of the students rated the activity as good or very good. Students agreed that this activity promotes: (a) reactivation of previous knowledge; (b) a better understanding of the interconnections between the metabolic pathways; (c) the application of learned concepts in real scenarios; and (d) sharing knowledge with peers. This study describes an active, unpretentious, and easily implemented activity available for early medical and biochemical curricula.
Impact of portal hypertension on short‐ and long‐term outcomes after liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Fu Jun , Chen Qinjunjie , Yu Yuyan , You Wuyi , Ding Zongren , Gao Yuzhen , Li Haitao , Zeng Yongyi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe explored the impact of clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) on short‐ and long‐term outcomes of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) after liver resection (LR).MethodsData of 352 ICC patients with cirrhosis who underwent LR were extracted from the Primary Liver Cancer Big Data (PLCBD) between 2005 and 2015 and reviewed. A nomogram based on logistic analyses was developed to illustrate the influencing factors of post‐hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF). The impact of CSPH on long‐term survival was explored through propensity score matching (PSM) analysis, log‐rank test, Cox proportional hazards model, and Kaplan–Meier curves.ResultsA total of 106 patients had CSPH, and 246 patients did not. A nomogram established based on GGT level, CSPH, intraoperative blood loss, and multiple tumors had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.721 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.630–0.812), which displayed a better PHLF predictive value than the MELD score (0.639, 95% CI = 0.532–0.747) and Child–Pugh score (0.612, 95% CI = 0.506–0.719). Moreover, the patients with CSPH had worse overall survival (OS) rates than the patients without CSPH in the whole cohort (p = 0.011) and PSM cohort (p = 0.017). After PSM, multivariable Cox analyses identified that CSPH was an independent risk factor for OS (hazard ratio = 1.585, 95% CI = 1.107–2.269; p = 0.012).ConclusionCSPH is a significant risk factor for PHLF and OS in ICC patients with cirrhosis after surgery. Selecting the proper patients before operation can effectively avoid PHLF and improve the prognosis of ICC.
Kinetic Studies of Acetyl Group Migration between the Saccharide Units in an Oligomannoside Trisaccharide Model Compound and a Native Galactoglucomannan Polysaccharide
Authors: Lassfolk Robert , Bertuzzi Sara , Ardá Ana , Wärnå Johan , Jiménez‐Barbero Jesús , Leino Reko 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAcyl group migration is a fundamental phenomenon in carbohydrate chemistry, recently shown to take place also between two non‐adjacent hydroxyl groups, across the glycosidic bond, in a β‐(1→4)‐linked mannan trisaccharide model compound. With the central mannoside unit containing acetyl groups at the O2 and O3 positions, the O2‐acetyl was in the earlier study shown to migrate to O6 of the reducing end. Potential implications of the general acyl migration process on cell signaling events and plant growth in nature are intriguing open questions. In the present work, migration kinetics in this original trisaccharide model system were studied in more detail together with potential interactions of the model compound and the migration products with DC‐SIGN lectin. Furthermore, we demonstrate here for the first time that similar migration may also take place in native polysaccharides, here represented by galactoglucomannan from Norway spruce.
Clinical outcomes of endovascular procedure using VIABAHN® VBX covered stent in complex aortoiliac artery disease: Result from AVOCADO study
Authors: Fujihara Masahiko , Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Yamaoka Terutoshi , Iida Osamu , Kojima Tai , Tobita Kazuki , Nakama Tatsuya , Kyuragi Ryoichi , Ichihashi Shigeo , Soga Yoshimitsu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the safety and efficacy of a balloon‐expandable covered stent in the treatment of complex aortoiliac artery disease.BackgroundPeripheral intervention in complex aortoiliac disease still remains a challenge.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed symptomatic patients with aortoiliac disease who were treated with GORE® VIABAHN® VBX covered stent (W.L. Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, AZ). The primary study outcome was a 1‐year primary patency without the necessity of any subsequent clinically‐driven target revascularization (CD‐TLR) based intervention. The proportion of technical success, defined in terms of the absence of residual stenosis, stent edge dissection, and procedure‐related severe complications, was also reported.ResultsVBX covered stent was used in 231 patients. Key patient characteristics include mean age of 73.4 ± 9 years, 77% male, 45% diabetes, and 18% suffering from end‐stage renal dysfunction on dialysis. TASC II CD lesions were observed in 51% patients, which included 81% calcified lesions. Combined therapy with standard self‐expandable stent was performed in 40% patients. The technical success rate was 92.6%. During median follow‐up after 13.1 months, the primary patency rate was estimated to be 93.4% (95% confidence interval, 90.0%–96.8%) at 12 months, whereas the rate of freedom from TLR was 95.3% (92.5%–98.2%). As per the univariate analysis, the TASC II classification, number of diseased regions, and chronic total occlusion were significantly associated with risk of restenosis.ConclusionsThe results of the year‐long AVOCADO study demonstrated that usage of the novel VBX covered stent has a patency‐based advantage with reduced chances for subsequent revascularization procedures.
Influence of SiO2 Nanoparticles and Surfactants on Extraction Efficiency: Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Ghazvehi Mohammad , Nasiri Masoud , Mallah Mohammad Hasan , Safdari Jaber 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe improvement of mass transfer in liquid‐liquid extraction systems of pulsed packed columns has recently attracted much attention. The influence of nanoparticle and surfactant concentration on hydrodynamic characteristics and the mass transfer coefficient in the liquid phase were evaluated. The addition of nanoparticles increases the diffusion and mass transfer, but they are not stable in this system. One possibility to improve the sustainability of nanoparticles is the simultaneous application of a surfactant and nanoparticles. A slightly higher concentration of surfactant resulted in a significant improvement in extraction efficiency. The Newman, Krong, and Hendlos theories and chemical affinity model were applied to study the mass transfer in the chemical system with and without nanoparticles.
High‐Pressure Synthesis of Sc5P12N23O3 and Ti5P12N24O2 by Activation of the Binary Nitrides ScN and TiN with NH4F
Authors: Eisenburger Lucien , Weippert Valentin , Oeckler Oliver , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMultinary transition metal nitrides and oxonitrides are a versatile and intriguing class of compounds. However, they have been investigated far less than pure oxides. The compounds Sc5P12N23O3 and Ti5P12N24O2 have now been synthesized from the binary nitrides ScN and TiN, respectively, by following a high‐pressure high‐temperature approach at 8 GPa and 1400 °C. NH4F acts as a mineralizing agent that supports product formation and crystallization. The starting materials ScN and TiN are seemingly an uncommon choice because of their chemical inertness but, nevertheless, react under these conditions. Sc5P12N23O3 and Ti5P12N24O2 crystallize isotypically with Ti5B12O26, consisting of solely vertex‐sharing P(O/N)4 tetrahedra forming two independent interpenetrating diamond‐like nets that host TM(O/N)6 (TM=Sc, Ti) octahedra. Ti5P12N24O2 is a mixed‐valence compound and shows ordering of Ti3+ and Ti4+ ions.
A Diazirine‐Modified Membrane Lipid to Study Peptide/Lipid Interactions – Chances and Challenges
Authors: Dorner Julia , Korn Patricia , Gruhle Kai , Ramsbeck Daniel , Garamus Vasil M. , Lilie Hauke , Meister Annette , Schwieger Christian , Ihling Christian , Sinz Andrea , Drescher Simon 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlthough incorporation of photo‐activatable lipids into membranes potentially opens up novel avenues for investigating interactions with proteins, the question of whether diazirine‐modified lipids are suitable for such studies, remains under debate. Focusing on the potential for studying lipid/peptide interactions by cross‐linking mass spectrometry (XL‐MS), we developed a diazirine‐modified lipid (DiazPC), and examined its behaviour in membranes incorporating the model α‐helical peptide LAVA20. We observed an unexpected backfolding of the diazirine‐containing stearoyl chain of the lipid. This surprising behaviour challenges the potential application of DiazPC for future XL‐MS studies of peptide and protein/lipid interactions. The observations made for DiazPC most likely represent a general phenomenon for any type of membrane lipids with a polar moiety incorporated into the alkyl chain. Our finding is therefore of importance for future protein/lipid interaction studies relying on modified lipid probes.
Design and Use of a High‐Pressure Stirred IR Cell for Operando Studies in Homogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Crotti Corrado , Ferretti Francesco , Ragaini Fabio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe design and operation of a new kind of high pressure/high temperature stirred IR cell is described. The cell is a stand‐alone autoclave made of Hastelloy and effective stirring and gas diffusion are provided by a magnetically driven Teflon shaft. The length of the optical path can be regulated without the need of calibrated spacers and the problem of the sealing of the windows to the cell body has been solved by employing FEP (fluorinated ethylene propylene) encapsulated Viton O‐rings, which, upon adapting to the cell when warmed, provide an excellent seal that is also tolerant of all standard solvents. The use of this kind of O‐rings allows taking advantage of the chemical resistance of Teflon without needing to mechanically stress the fragile windows as it would be required if bulk Teflon O‐rings were employed.