bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Multifactorial Role of Pre-supplementary Motor Area Stimulation in
the Freezing of Gait: An Alternative Strategy to the Classical Drug-Target
Approach
Authors: Saricaoglu Mevhibe , Hanoglu Lutfu , Toprak Guven , Yilmaz Nesrin Helvaci , Yulug Burak 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
The pre-supplementary motor area (Pre-SMA) plays a pivotal role in the
control of voluntary motor control and freezing of gait (FOG) pathophysiological mechanism.
Here, we aimed to modulate if the pre-SMA would have beneficial effects on motor and behavioural
outcomes in freezing of gait. To test this hypothesis, we examined the left pre-SMA stimulating
effect of repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) on motor, cognitive and behavioural
parameters in Parkinson’s patients with FOG.

Method:
The study included 20 Parkinson’s patients with FOG (3 females, 17 males) who received
the left Pre-SMA rTMS procedure. The clinical assessments were performed on all patients
at the baseline and the patients were re-evaluated under the same clinical conditions one week after
the end of the sessions.

Results & Discussion:
We found significant improvements in motor, cognitive and behavioural
symptoms (p<0.05). The main finding of our study is that Pre-SMA is an attractive stimulation
area leading to critical improvement of symptoms of Parkinson’s patients with FOG.

Conclusion:
The high-frequency rTMS stimulation over the left preSMA has a restorative effect
on the motor, cognitive and behavioural symptoms of Parkinson’s patients with FOG.
Conduction of Third Molar Extraction with the Presence of Retromolar Canal: A Case Report
Authors: Furlan Lara Jaiane Norbert , Freitas Conceição Caroline De , de Lima Eduardo Martinelli Santayana , Zanin Roberto Ferreira , Weber Alexandre 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
The retromolar canal is a structure rarely identified in clinical practice. The content of this canal is composed of nerves, arteries and venous plexus that give innervation and irrigation to the third molar region and the vestibular mucosa of molars and lower premolars. Thus, knowledge of the presence of this structure is important in dental procedures, due to the complications that damage to this structure can cause.

Methods:
In this report, a 19-year-old patient sought dental care at a clinic, Dentistry course at the Federal University of Santa Maria for the extraction of third molars due to hygiene difficulties. On radiographic examination, a retromolar canal was identified at the distal of the left mandibular third molar. With the identification of this structure, preventive measures were performed during the procedure to avoid complications.

Results:
With adequate planning and prevention measures, the trans and postoperative periods occurred without any complications.

Conclusion:
The foramen and the retromolar canal may occasionally appear in the clinic radiographic routine of the Dentist, and the professional should be attentive to the management of these anatomical structures during surgical procedures to avoid accidents and complications.
Predicting Risk of Stroke From Lab Tests Using Machine Learning Algorithms: Development and Evaluation of Prediction Models
Authors: Alanazi Eman M , Abdou Aalaa , Luo Jake 
Published: October 2021

Background
Stroke, a cerebrovascular disease, is one of the major causes of death. It causes significant health and financial burdens for both patients and health care systems. One of the important risk factors for stroke is health-related behavior, which is becoming an increasingly important focus of prevention. Many machine learning models have been built to predict the risk of stroke or to automatically diagnose stroke, using predictors such as lifestyle factors or radiological imaging. However, there have been no models built using data from lab tests.

Objective
The aim of this study was to apply computational methods using machine learning techniques to predict stroke from lab test data.

Methods
We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data sets with three different data selection methods (ie, without data resampling, with data imputation, and with data resampling) to develop predictive models. We used four machine learning classifiers and six performance measures to evaluate the performance of the models.

Results
We found that accurate and sensitive machine learning models can be created to predict stroke from lab test data. Our results show that the data resampling approach performed the best compared to the other two data selection techniques. Prediction with the random forest algorithm, which was the best algorithm tested, achieved an accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the curve of 0.96, 0.97, 0.96, 0.75, 0.99, and 0.97, respectively, when all of the attributes were used.

Conclusions
The predictive model, built using data from lab tests, was easy to use and had high accuracy. In future studies, we aim to use data that reflect different types of stroke and to explore the data to build a prediction model for each type.
Audience of Academic Otolaryngology on Twitter: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Xie Deborah X , Boss Emily F , Stewart C Matthew 
Published: October 2021

Background
Despite the ubiquity of social media, the utilization and audience reach of this communication method by otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) residency programs has not been investigated.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the content posted to a popular social media platform (Twitter) by OHNS residency programs.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we identified Twitter accounts for accredited academic OHNS residency programs. Tweets published over a 6-month period (March to August 2019) were extracted. Tweets were categorized and analyzed for source (original versus retweet) and target audience (medical versus layman). A random sample of 100 tweets was used to identify patterns of content, which were then used to categorize additional tweets. We quantified the total number of likes or retweets by health care professionals.

Results
Of the 121 accredited programs, 35 (28.9%) had Twitter accounts. Of the 2526 tweets in the 6-month period, 1695 (67.10%) were original-content tweets. The majority of tweets (1283/1695, 75.69%) were targeted toward health care workers, most of which did not directly contain medical information (954/1283, 74.36%). These tweets contained information about the department’s trainees and education (349/954, 36.6%), participation at conferences (263/954, 27.6%), and research publications (112/954, 11.7%). Two-thirds of all tweets did not contain medical information. Medical professionals accounted for 1249/1362 (91.70%) of retweets and 5616/6372 (88.14%) of likes on original-content tweets.

Conclusions
The majority of Twitter usage by OHNS residency programs is for intra and interprofessional communication, and only a minority of tweets contain information geared toward the public. Communication and information sharing with patients is not the focus of OHNS departments on Twitter.
The Association Between Professional Accounts on Social Networks Twitter and ResearchGate and the Number of Scientific Publications and Citations Among Anesthesia Researchers: Observational Study
Authors: Clavier Thomas , Occhiali Emilie , Demailly Zoé , Compère Vincent , Veber Benoit , Selim Jean , Besnier Emmanuel 
Published: October 2021

Background
Social networks are now essential tools for promoting research and researchers. However, there is no study investigating the link between presence or not on professional social networks and scientific publication or citation for a given researcher.

Objective
The objective of this study was to study the link between professional presence on social networks and scientific publications/citations among anesthesia researchers.

Methods
We included all the French full professors and associate professors of anesthesia. We analyzed their presence on the social networks Twitter (professional account with ≥1 tweet over the 6 previous months) and ResearchGate. We extracted their bibliometric parameters for the 2016-2020 period via the Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate Analytics) database in the Science Citation Index-Expanded index.

Results
A total of 162 researchers were analyzed; 42 (25.9%) had an active Twitter account and 110 (67.9%) a ResearchGate account. There was no difference between associate professors and full professors regarding active presence on Twitter (8/23 [35%] vs. 34/139 [24.5%], respectively; P=.31) or ResearchGate (15/23 [65%] vs. 95/139 [68.3%], respectively; P=.81). Researchers with an active Twitter account (median [IQR]) had more scientific publications (45 [28-61] vs. 26 [12-41]; P<.001), a higher h-index (12 [8-16] vs. 8 [5-11]; P<.001), a higher number of citations per publication (12.54 [9.65-21.8] vs. 10.63 [5.67-16.10]; P=.01), and a higher number of citations (563 [321-896] vs. 263 [105-484]; P<.001). Researchers with a ResearchGate account (median [IQR]) had more scientific publications (33 [17-47] vs. 26 [9-43]; P=.03) and a higher h-index (9 [6-13] vs. 8 [3-11]; P=.03). There was no difference between researchers with a ResearchGate account and those without it concerning the number of citations per publication and overall number of citations. In multivariate analysis including sex, academic status, and presence on social networks, the presence on Twitter was associated with the number of publications (β=20.2; P<.001), the number of citations (β=494.5; P<.001), and the h-index (β=4.5; P<.001).

Conclusions
Among French anesthesia researchers, an active presence on Twitter is associated with higher scientific publication and citations.
A inclusão social e cultural de educandos com deficiências e Transtornos Globais do Desenvolvimento (TGD) no ensino regular
Authors: Trois Dorneles Rau Maria Cristina , Oliver Martins Pura Lúcia 
Published: October 2021

A aprendizagem de estudantes das classes de aceleração no ensino regular necessita de transformações pedagógicas na prática dos professores. Para tanto, é preciso pautar-se em concepções que favoreçam a inclusão social e cultural e a definição de prioridades para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. O objetivo do artigo é identificar a percepção dos agentes da escola e estudantes em relação à inclusão social e cultural, considerando a realidade dos estudantes. A pesquisa foi de abordagem qualitativa, fundamentada em Triviños (1987), Mantoan (2003), Freire (1996), Arroyo e Silva (2012), Blanco (2003) entre outros e envolveu observações sobre a prática pedagógica dos professores em sala de aula, nas reuniões com pais, nos conselhos de classe e entrevistas semiestruturadas com os professores e estudantes. O campo de pesquisa foi uma classe de aceleração (6º e 7º anos do ensino fundamental) em uma escola da rede pública do estado do Paraná. O material para a pesquisa tomou como referência as disciplinas de Educação Física, Matemática, História, Português, Geografia, Ciências. Os resultados demonstraram que: as concepções adversas se sobrepuseram às favoráveis quanto à inclusão social e cultural dos estudantes, o que interferiu no processo de aprendizagem; a prática pedagógica e o acompanhamento dos educandos tendem a priorizar aspectos específicos do fazer pedagógico, em detrimento de sua dimensão de totalidade. Há evidências sobre a crença de que os estudantes não aprendem, pois não se dedicam aos estudos ou possuem deficiências e transtornos que os impedem de aprender. Há também desconhecimento, por parte dos professores, sobre o conceito de currículo flexível, adaptação curricular e avaliação, citados pela literatura. Constata-se ainda uma ênfase na aprendizagem centralizada no ensino de conteúdos, o que dificulta a construção de um pensamento crítico, reflexivo e criativo dos educandos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
Projetos inovadores, contextos fundamentais e lacunas de pesquisa na perspectiva das cidades educadoras
Authors: Ribeiro Alves Alceli , Pereira Castanheira Nelson 
Published: October 2021

Pensar a cidade, com a cidade e para a cidade tem se tornado uma tarefa envolvente não apenas para os gestores municipais. Quando a educação é considerada fator fundamental para o desenvolvimento da cidade, surge a cidade como meio para uma formação integral do cidadão, desde a mais tenra idade. É nesse contexto que emerge a Cidade Educadora, uma proposta política e pedagógica transformadora do século XXI. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho consiste em analisar os contextos fundamentais nos quais a perspectiva da cidade educadora emergiu e atualmente se desenvolve. Essa análise é importante para compreendermos as atuais iniciativas realizadas sob a bandeira da cidade educadora, outra tarefa que nos propusemos a realizar aqui. A metodologia aplicada consiste em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados obtidos nos revelam que a Cidade Educadora é uma arena rica de debates, inovações e de mobilização das administrações públicas municipais em prol da educação e da gestão participativa. Algumas lacunas de pesquisa também foram identificadas e, por isso, reflexões e questionamentos foram levantados, podendo servir como ponto de partida para pesquisas futuras. Por último, conclui-se que a cidade ocupa papel fundamental no desenvolvimento das pessoas e na formação cidadã, mas para que não se torne um discurso utópico, a Cidade Educadora deve fortalecer o desenvolvimento de projetos que promovam o engajamento das comunidades, instituições, escolas, etc. na construção da cidade que queremos para as próximas décadas, fazendo com que participem ativamente das mudanças que desejam para a educação e para as cidades envolvidas.
Visum et Repertum Sebagai Alat Bukti Dalam Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan
Authors: Cahyani Ni Putu Mega , Sujana I Nyoman , Widiantara Made Minggu 
Published: October 2021

Visum et Repertum adalah surat keterangan tertulis yang dibuat oleh dokter dalam ilmu kedokteran forensik mengenai pemeriksaan medik terhadap manusia, dibuat berdasarkan keilmuannya dan dibawah sumpah untuk kepentingan pro yustitia. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam hal ini 1) Bagaimana kekuatan pembuktian Visum et Repertum sebagai alat bukti dalam kasus tindak pidana penganiayaan? 2) Apa akibat yang timbulkan terhadap Visum et Repertum memiliki perbedaan dengan keterangan terdakwa dalam kasus tindak pidana penganiayaan? Metode pada penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian hukum normatif yaitu dengan dilakukan pengkajianya berdasarkan bahan-bahan hukum dari literatur. Sedangkan masalah pendekatan yang dipergunakan adalah pendekatan Perundang-undangan, pendekatan Konseptual dan pendekatan Kasus.Visum et Repertum merupakan alat bukti surat sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 184 ayat (1) KUHAP dan Pasal 187 huruf c KUHAP dan memiliki kekuatan pembuktian yang cukup kuat karena mampu membuktikan unsur penganiyaan dalam studi kasus putusan No. 586/Pid.B/2018/PN Dps. Akibat yang timbu jika Visum et Rpertum memiliki perbedaan pada keterangan yang diberikan oleh Terdakwa adalah keterangan tersebut dapat dicabut dan dapat dilakukannya pemeriksaan ulang terhadap Visum et Repertum jika Terdakwa memang terbukti pengakuan diberikan yang salah. Agar Visum et Repertum memiliki kekuatan pembuktian yang kuat, maka perlu diatur standarisasi model dan bentuk serta pengaturan Visum et Repertum dalam suatu peraturan Perundang-undangan.
New Clause in Bank Credit Agreement in Relation to Consumer Protection Act (Study on PT. Bank Negara Indonesia, Tbk. Denpasar Branch)
Authors: Komang Yustika Dewi Suryaningsih  , A.A.A. Ngr. Tini Rusmini Gorda  
Published: October 2021

Credit agreement in standard form which is being made unilaterally by the bank until present is still becoming a special legal issue in agreement field of civil law. In addition, viewed from the side of the agreement it is also against consumer protection law as set in Consumer Protection Act. Problem formulation of is divided into namely regarding the existence of standard clause in bank agreement if associated with Article 18 of Consumer Protection Act and legal consequence of standard clause in credit agreement associated with consumer protection. This study aims to identify the presence of standard clause in banking agreement if related with Article 18 of Consumer Protection Act and legal consequence to the standard clause in credit contract is associated with consumer protection. The research is a juridical empirical. The location is on PT. Bank Negara Indonesia in Denpasar city. The author is guided by laws and regulations related with public fact, that is first problem formulation is analyzed from balancing principle and next the second problem formulation is from consumer protection theory. The result shows that the implementation of the provision tends to protect the bank as businesses. Moreover, the legal consequence of Bank BNI’s credit contract which does not meet the provision will result in null and void.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Terhadap Penyalahgunaan Visa Tinggal Wisatawan China di Kabupaten Badung
Authors: Sudiarto Hery , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Suryani Luh Putu 
Published: October 2021

Sebelum pandemi Covid-19 Turis China masuk urutan 2 (dua) besar yang mengunjungi Pulau Bali, keimigrasian Kabupaten Badung berperan penting dalarn pelayanan dan pengawasan terhadap turis- turis asing yang datang ke Bali, terjadinya berbagai penyalahgunaan Visa oleh ruris China juga marak terjadi sejak adanya kebijakan bebas Visa sehingga tidak semua mumi adalah turis namun juga ada sebagian yang memanfaatkan untuk bekerja, usaha ilegal, tindak pidana penipuan, perlu kita memahami pengaturan Hukum pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap Penyalahgunaan Visa Tinggal Wisatawan China dan sanksi pidana terhadap Petugas Imigrasi yang melakukan Penyalahgunaan Visa, dengan demikian akan menambah pengetahuan, edukasi dan sumbangan pemikiran bagi semua lapisan masyarakat dan pemerintah terkait, peneli tian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, Hukum keimigrasian telah mengatur sanksi-sanksi terhadap turis asing yang melakukan pelanggaran visa juga sanksi administratifhingga pidana terhadap petugas imigrasi yang melanggar, perlunya pengawasan kinerja petugas keimgrasian, integrasi sistim lacak digital terintegrasi terhadap semua warga asing yang masuk ke Bali sehingga kedaulatan Negara terjaga dengan baik.
Sanksi Pidana terhadap Tenaga Medis yang Melakukan Pemalsuan Surat Keterangan Rapid Test Covid 19
Authors: I Kadek Suar Putra Dana  , Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi Dewi  , I Made Minggu Widyantara  
Published: October 2021

Current world conditions the outbreak of the Covid 19 virus that attacks humans around the world so that the Indonesian government takes a serious policy to tackle the spread of this virus by limiting areas this policy has resulted in crimes One of them is the crime of falsification of the covid test certificate 19 The formulation of the problem that can be raised is how to regulate the forgery of medical certificates in Indonesian criminal law? and what are the criminal sanctions for falsification of the Covid 19 rapid test certificate by medical personnel? This thesis research uses normative research type Letter forgery is regulated in KUHP articles 263 to article 267 besides that it is also regulated in article 7 of the medical code of ethics Sanctions for falsification of the COVID-19 rapid test certificate are subject to criminal sanctions and sanctions on medical code of ethics administrative sanctions If the doctor is proven to have committed forgery himself then the liability will be punished for a maximum of 4 (years) and administrative sanctions if it is carried out by the hospital the corporation will be subject to criminal three times the fine set against the individual.
Akibat Pandemi Covid-19 Sebagai Alasan Force Majeure dalam Perjanjian Pinjam-Meminjam Uang
Authors: I Made Widnyana Putra  , Ni Luh Made Mahendra Wati  , Ni Komang Arini Styawati  
Published: October 2021

Pandemi covid-19 berakibat bagi perjanjian. Hal itu dilakukan pihak tetap menjalankan kontraktualnya, dilain waktu yang disepakati pihak tergantung isi perjanjian. Kewajiban debitur ditangguhkan sampai pemenuhan kewajiban ketika siruasi sudah terkendali. Rumusan masalah penelitian adalah Bagaimana perjanjian pinjam-meminjam uang dalam kondisiforce majeure sebagai dampak covid-19?. dan Bagaimana upaya hukum penyelesaian sengketa terhadap pihak yang dirugikan dalam hal terjadinya force majeure'l, Menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Perjanjian pinjam-meminjam uang dalamforce majeure sebagai dampak covid-19 pemerintah menerbitkan restrukturisasi. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) telah mengeluarkan Peraturan OJK No. 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Stimulus Perekonomian Nasional sebagai kebijakan Countercyclical dampak penyebaran covid-2019. Upaya hukum dalam penyelesaian sengketa terhadap pihak yang dirugikan dalam hal terjadinya force majeure dilakukan non litigasi dan litigasi. Non litigasi meliputi konsultasi, negosiasi, mediasi, konsiliasi, atau arbitrase sedangkan litigasi penyelesaian sengketa jalur pengadilan
PENGARUH RASIO-RASIO KEUANGAN DAN KANTOR AKUNTAN PUBLIK TERHADAP AUDIT DELAY
Authors: Amrullah Pugel Afif , Vernando Andreas 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh rasio-rasio keuangan dan Kantor Akuntan Publik (KAP) terhadap audit delay di perusahaan perdagangan, jasa dan investasi yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Penelitian ini didasari oleh fenomena bahwa perusahaan di industri perdagangan, jasa dan investasi merupakan perusahaan yang terbanyak menerima sanksi oleh BEI. Penelitian ini berhipotesis bahwa rasio-rasio keuangan dan Kantor Akuntan Publik (KAP) merupakan faktor menyebabkan terjadinya keterlambatan penerbitan laporan keuangan (audit delay). Dengan menggunakan 108 observasi dari perusahaan perdagangan, jasa dan investasi yang terdaftar di BEI. penelitian ini menemukan bahwa profitabilitas berpengaruh terhadap audit delay. Akan tetapi, penelitian ini tidak menemukan bahwa ukuran perusahaan, ukuran KAP, solvabilitas, dan rugi perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap audit delay.
Enfermedad por neumococo: desafíos actuales en los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica y diabetes mellitus
Authors: Rico Fontalvo Jorge Eduardo , Daza Arnedo Rodrigo , Pájaro Galvis Nehomar , Leal Martínez Víctor , Pérez Calvo Christian , Abuabara Franco Emilio , Uparella Gulfo Isabella , Valle Villadiego Yasir , Aguilera Rios Laura , Ceballos Díaz Carol , Díaz Guzmán Jesús , Guete-García Isabell 
Published: October 2021

La enfermedad por neumococo se define como cualquier infección causada por la bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae; esta se denomina invasiva cuando el aislamiento de este microorganismo se confirma en sitios corporales que son normalmente estériles, tales como la sangre y el líquido cefalorraquídeo, y no invasiva cuando la infección se produce en sitio corporal es que normalmente no son estériles. La enfermedad renal crónica y la diabetes mellitus son factores de riesgo importantes para el desarrollo de enfermedad neumocócica debido a su estado de inmunosupresión, por lo que la vacunación antineumocócica es una medida preventiva fundamental en los pacientes que padecen estas condiciones.