bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A PSMA-targeted theranostic approach is unlikely to be efficient in serous ovarian cancers
Authors: Aide Nicolas , Poulain Laurent , Elie Nicolas , Briand Mélanie , Giffard Florence , Blanc-Fournier Cécile , Joly Florence , Lasnon Charline 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Until now, results evaluating the expression of PSMA in ovarian cancer were sparse and contradictory. The aim was to reinvestigate the feasibility of a PSMA targeted theranostic approach in epithelial ovarian cancers with data from the tumour bank of a referring cancer centre.

Materials and methods
The OvaRessources Biological Resources Center database was screened from January 2004 to December 2017 to seek patients referred for the initial management of a serous epithelial ovarian cancer and for whom peritoneal histological samples were available in the tumour bank. Immunodetection of PSMA was performed to assess its cellular and neovascular expression. Slides were controlled by a certified pathologist, recorded as tiled tiff images and processed to compute the proportion of DAB stained surface.

Results
Of the 51 patients identified by the database screening, 32 patients were included resulting in 57 samples (32 pre-chemotherapy and 25 post-chemotherapy histological samples). Nine patients were chemo-sensitive, 10 were partially chemo-sensitive and 13 were chemo-resistant/refractory. In the entire dataset, the expression of PSMA was quasi-inexistent: %DABPSMA = 0.04 (± 0.12) %. There was no significant difference in the %DABPSMA of sensitive, partially sensitive and resistant/refractory patients. There was also no significant difference in %DABPSMA in tumours before and after chemotherapy in the 25 patients for whom both samples were available.

Conclusion
The present work demonstrates that PSMA expression is negligible and a fortiori non-sufficient to ensure its usefulness as a prognosticator or a target for a theranostic strategy in ovarian cancers.
Spatial variations in seismicity characteristics in and around the source region of the 2019 Yamagata-Oki Earthquake, Japan
Authors: Ueda Taku , Kato Aitaro , Ogata Yosihiko , Yamaya Lina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe 2019$${M}_{j}$$Mj6.7 Yamagata-Oki earthquake occurred adjacent to the northeastern edge of the source region of the 1964$${M}_{j}$$Mj7.5 Niigata earthquake, offshore of Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. Few aftershocks occurred in the source region of the Yamagata-Oki earthquake immediately following the Niigata earthquake, and the recent seismicity rate in this region is low compared with the source region of the Niigata earthquake. This spatial variation in seismicity may allow us to elucidate plausible physical processes that shape the spatiotemporal evolution of these shallow-crustal environments. Here, we investigate the spatial variations in seismicity characteristics by applying the HIerarchical Space–Time Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (HIST-ETAS) model to an earthquake catalog compiled by the Japan Meteorological Agency for events in and around the Yamagata-Oki earthquake rupture region. We compare spatial variations in the background seismicity rate and aftershock productivity estimated from the HIST-ETAS model with the geophysical features in the study region. The background seismicity rate is high along the eastern margin of the Sea of Japan and correlates well with a previously identified zone that possesses a high geodetic E–W strain rate. The two major earthquakes occurred in and around a high E–W strain rate zone, suggesting that the background seismicity rate may serve as a key parameter for evaluating seismic hazard across the Japanese Archipelago. Furthermore, the source region of the Yamagata-Oki earthquake has a higher aftershock productivity and lower seismic-wave velocity than that of the Niigata earthquake. We interpret this low-velocity zone to be a well-developed damaged rock that resulted in an increase in aftershock productivity based on previous laboratory experiments and numerical results; this damage makes the rock more ductile at the macroscopic scale. The higher ductility in the source region of the Yamagata-Oki earthquake may have worked as a barrier against the propagation of dynamic rupture that occurred during the Niigata earthquake.
The structure of co-publications multilayer network
Authors: Meleu Ghislain Romaric , Melatagia Paulin Yonta 
Published: February 2021

AbstractUsing the headers of scientific papers, we have built multilayer networks of entities involved in research namely: authors, laboratories, and institutions. We have analyzed some properties of such networks built from data extracted from the HAL archives and found that the network at each layer is a small-world network with power law distribution. In order to simulate such co-publication network, we propose a multilayer network generation model based on the formation of cliques at each layer and the affiliation of each new node to the higher layers. The clique is built from new and existing nodes selected using preferential attachment. We also show that, the degree distribution of generated layers follows a power law. From the simulations of our model, we show that the generated multilayer networks reproduce the studied properties of co-publication networks.
Traditional medicine utilisation and maternal complications during antenatal care among women in Bulilima, Plumtree, Zimbabwe
Authors: Mudonhi Nicholas , Nunu Wilfred Njabulo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
As part of the expectation enshrined in the Sustainable Development Goals, countries are expected to ensure maternal health outcomes are improved. It follows that under ideal circumstances, pregnant women should deliver safely without complications, neonatal, and maternal mortality. This paper analyses the relationship between traditional medicine utilisation and maternal complications during antenatal care among women in Bulilima, Plumtree, Zimbabwe.

Methods
A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted on 185 randomly selected women who responded to a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. The Fisher’s Exact Test and the Test of Proportions were used to probe the relationship between traditional medicine utilisation and the prevalence of maternal complications using STATA SE Version 13.

Results
Complications were reported by (51) 29% of the women who were under study. The proportion of women who developed complications was higher in those that did not use traditional medicine as compared to those that used traditional medicine (30 and 26% respectively). In a generalised assessment, women who did not use traditional medicine contributed a significantly higher proportion of complications as compared to those that utilised traditional medicine.

Conclusion
This study found a significant relationship between the utilisation of traditional medicines and lesser chances of experiencing maternal complications. Significantly higher prevalence of maternal complications was observed in women who did not use traditional medicine compared to those that did. There is, therefore, a need to investigate further the constituents or active ingredients in this traditional medicine. This study provides a window of opportunity for fully recognising and integrating traditional medicine into Modern Health Systems. It can be argued that traditional medicine utilisation could be a viable alternative to modern medicine, particularly in resource-poor settings where access to modern medicine is seriously constrained.
Evaluation of antipsoriatic activity of gel containing Pongamia pinnata extract on Imiquimod-induced psoriasis
Authors: Wadher Kamlesh , Dabre Shital , Gaidhane Anjali , Trivedi Sagar , Umekar Milind 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Pongamia pinnata (Fabaceae) is among those categories of plants mentioned in Ayurveda and traditionally known to use in several types of disease and disorders. The objective of the present work was to investigate the anti-psoriatic activity of Pongamia pinnata leaves extracts in Herbal gel formulation.

Results
Hydroalcoholic leaves extract of Pongamia pinnata was first subjected to phytochemical screening and quantification of phytoconstituents. Herbal gel was prepared containing Pongamia pinnata extracts using Carbopol 934 as gelling agent. The prepared gel formulations were studied for pH, viscosity, Spreadability and in vitro diffusion studies. The imiquimod-induced psoriatic mouse model, showed a prominent anti-psoriatic activity of the extract as evident through index grading. Treatment with extract confirmed a noteworthy reduction in psoriasis in the treated groups as there was a considerable diminution in the thickness and scaling of skin.

Conclusions
Lack of proper treatment and disadvantages associated with allopathic medicines pave the way to extensive research in natural products with anti-psoriatic activity. The present research scientifically justified the anti-psoriatic activity of the Hydroalcoholic extracts of Pongamia pinnata leaves.
Compatibility of entomopathogenic fungi and botanicals against sucking pests of okra: an ecofriendly approach
Authors: Halder Jaydeep , Divekar Pratap A. , Rani A. T. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundOkra,Abelmoschus esculentus(Linn.) Moench, is one of the most important traditional vegetables in India. The crop is attacked severely by sucking pests, viz., jassid,Amrasca biguttula biguttulaIshida, and whitefly,Bemisia tabaciGenn., throughout its growth period. To control these sucking pests, different entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), viz.,Beauveria bassiana,Metarhizium anisopliae, andLecanicillium lecaniiwere tested alone and their 1:1 combinations with neem oil against these sucking pests and compared to Imidacloprid 17.8% SL as chemical control under field conditions during 2018 and 2019.ResultsAmong the EPF tested, the lowest jassid (1.16, 1.27 leaf-1) and whitefly (1.33, 0.84 leaf-1) population was recorded in plots treated withL. lecaniiduring the two consecutive years. Combination ofL. lecaniiand neem oil at half of their recommended concentrations had the lowest jassid and whitefly population among all the treatments and maximum reduction over control and at par with chemical control, i.e., Imidacloprid 17.8 SL at 0.33 ml l−1. Moreover, all these biopesticides were found relatively safe to the polyphagous predators (Micraspis discolor,Menochilus sexmaculatus, and spiders) and at par with untreated control. In contrast, Imidacloprid 17.8 SL was the most toxic among all the treatments with the lowest numbers of spiders and ladybird beetles.ConclusionCombination of the EPF likeB. bassiana,M. anisopliae, andL. lecaniiwith neem oil at half of their recommended concentrations could be a viable ecofriendly option in the management of the sucking pests of okra, along with the conservation of natural enemies.
Primary Tumor Resection Plus Chemotherapy Versus Chemotherapy Alone for Colorectal Cancer Patients With Asymptomatic, Synchronous Unresectable Metastases (JCOG1007; iPACS): A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kanemitsu Yukihide , Shitara Kohei , Mizusawa Junki , Hamaguchi Tetsuya , Shida Dai , Komori Koji , Ikeda Satoshi , Ojima Hitoshi , Ike Hideyuki , Shiomi Akio , Watanabe Jun , Takii Yasumasa , Yamaguchi Takashi , Katsumata Kenji , Ito Masaaki , Okuda Junji , Hyakudomi Ryoji , Shimada Yasuhiro , Katayama Hiroshi , Fukuda Haruhiko ,   JCOG Colorectal Cancer Study Group
Published: February 2021

PURPOSE It remains controversial whether primary tumor resection (PTR) before chemotherapy improves survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) with asymptomatic primary tumor and synchronous unresectable metastases. PATIENTS AND METHODS This randomized phase III study investigated the superiority of PTR followed by chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in relation to overall survival (OS) in patients with unresectable stage IV asymptomatic CRC and three or fewer unresectable metastatic diseases confined to the liver, lungs, distant lymph nodes, or peritoneum. Chemotherapy regimens of either mFOLFOX6 plus bevacizumab or CapeOX plus bevacizumab were decided before study entry. The primary end point was OS, which was analyzed by intention-to-treat. RESULTS Between June 2012 and September 2019, a total of 165 patients were randomly assigned to either chemotherapy alone (84 patients) or PTR plus chemotherapy (81 patients). When the first interim analysis was performed in September 2019 with 50% (114/227) of the expected events observed among 160 patients at the data cutoff date of June 5, 2019, the Data and Safety Monitoring Committee recommended early termination of the trial because of futility. With a median follow-up of 22.0 months, median OS was 25.9 months (95% CI, 19.9 to 31.5) in the PTR plus chemotherapy arm and 26.7 (95% CI, 21.9 to 32.5) in the chemotherapy-alone arm (hazard ratio, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.59; one-sided P = .69). Three postoperative deaths occurred in the PTR plus chemotherapy arm. CONCLUSION Given that PTR followed by chemotherapy showed no survival benefit over chemotherapy alone, PTR should no longer be considered a standard of care for patients with CRC with asymptomatic primary tumors and synchronous unresectable metastases.
Monitoring In Vivo Neural Activity to Understand Gut–Brain Signaling
Authors: Alhadeff Amber L 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAppropriate food intake requires exquisite coordination between the gut and the brain. Indeed, it has long been known that gastrointestinal signals communicate with the brain to promote or inhibit feeding behavior. Recent advances in the ability to monitor and manipulate neural activity in awake, behaving rodents has facilitated important discoveries about how gut signaling influences neural activity and feeding behavior. This review emphasizes recent studies that have advanced our knowledge of gut–brain signaling and food intake control, with a focus on how gut signaling influences in vivo neural activity in animal models. Moving forward, dissecting the complex pathways and circuits that transmit nutritive signals from the gut to the brain will reveal fundamental principles of energy balance, ultimately enabling new treatment strategies for diseases rooted in body weight control.
Port-au-Prince and the Collapse of French Imperial Authority, 1789–1793
Authors: Popkin Jeremy D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe establishment of the independent nation of Haiti in 1804 was made possible by the collapse of imperial authority early in the French Revolution. Events in the colony's capital, Port-au-Prince, had much to do with that collapse. Between the fall of 1789, when news of the storming of the Bastille reached Saint-Domingue, and the spring of 1793, when French revolutionary authorities recognized that their only hope of maintaining control of the colony was to ally themselves with its black and mixed-race populations against the remaining whites, Port-au-Prince was the most troubled of the island's urban centers and one of the most unstable sites in France's transatlantic empire. Understanding how Port-au-Prince went from a center of colonial authority to a locus of disorder where fatal wounds were inflicted on the colonial order is crucial to any explanation of the background to the Haitian Revolution.L'établissement de la nation indépendante d'Haïti en 1804 fut rendu possible par la faillite de l'autorité impériale pendant les premières années de la Révolution française. Les événements dans la capitale coloniale de Port-au-Prince ont joué un grand rôle en précipitant cette faillite. Entre l'automne de 1789, quand la nouvelle de la prise de la Bastille est arrivée à Saint-Domingue, et le printemps de 1793, quand les autorités révolutionnaires dans la colonie ont reconnu que leur seul espoir de la maintenir sous leur contrôle fut de s'allier avec les populations noires et de couleur contre les blancs, Port-au-Prince fut la ville la plus troublée de Saint-Domingue et l'un des sites les plus perturbés de tout l'Empire français. Une compréhension du processus qui a fait d'un centre d'autorité dans la colonie un foyer de désordre où des coups fatals furent portés contre l'ordre impérial est cruciale pour expliquer le succès de la Révolution haïtienne.
Heroes Play by the Rules: Yu Yue's Pedagogy for the Eight-Legged Essay
Authors: Roddy Stephen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The prominent classicist and educator Yu Yue (1821–1907) argued, often doggedly, on behalf of the worth and relevance of the examination essay (specifically the eight-legged essay or bagu), to the extent of even producing a popular essay primer as late as the 1880s. This article charts some of the twists and turns of his intellectual odyssey from youthful practitioner to the author of model essays for his grandson (who placed third [tanhua 探花] in the palace examinations of 1898) and then to his elegy for the essay when the examination system was discontinued in 1905. The author argues Yu's attempts to salvage the essay's rapidly eroding prestige sprang from far more than a mere sentimental attachment. Yu considered the essay one of the last vestiges of the cultural and ideological institutions that he credits with imbuing literati youth with the basic values of Confucian civilization, especially both moral fastidiousness and intellectual acuity, and he foresaw chaos should it be abandoned. While his repeated pleas in favor of retaining bagu failed to turn the tide that eventually brought about its demise, his defense of the essay reflects a relatively clear-eyed, even insightful assessment of both its virtues and its flaws, especially in relation to the Westernizing trends of the late Qing.
Dramatic changes in mitochondrial substrate use at critically high temperatures: a comparative study usingDrosophila
Authors: Jørgensen Lisa Bjerregaard , Overgaard Johannes , Hunter-Manseau Florence , Pichaud Nicolas 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTEctotherm thermal tolerance is critical to species distribution, but at present the physiological underpinnings of heat tolerance remain poorly understood. Mitochondrial function is perturbed at critically high temperatures in some ectotherms, including insects, suggesting that heat tolerance of these animals is linked to failure of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and/or ATP production. To test this hypothesis, we measured mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate in six Drosophila species with different heat tolerance using high-resolution respirometry. Using a substrate–uncoupler–inhibitor titration protocol, we examined specific steps of the electron transport system to study how temperatures below, bracketing and above organismal heat limits affect mitochondrial function and substrate oxidation. At benign temperatures (19 and 30°C), complex I-supported respiration (CI-OXPHOS) was the most significant contributor to maximal OXPHOS. At higher temperatures (34, 38, 42 and 46°C), CI-OXPHOS decreased considerably, ultimately to very low levels at 42 and 46°C. The enzymatic catalytic capacity of complex I was intact across all temperatures and accordingly the decreased CI-OXPHOS is unlikely to be caused directly by hyperthermic denaturation/inactivation of complex I. Despite the reduction in CI-OXPHOS, maximal OXPHOS capacity was maintained in all species, through oxidation of alternative substrates – proline, succinate and, particularly, glycerol-3-phosphate – suggesting important mitochondrial flexibility at temperatures exceeding the organismal heat limit. Interestingly, this failure of CI-OXPHOS and compensatory oxidation of alternative substrates occurred at temperatures that correlated with species heat tolerance, such that heat-tolerant species could defend ‘normal’ mitochondrial function at higher temperatures than sensitive species. Future studies should investigate why CI-OXPHOS is perturbed and how this potentially affects ATP production rates.
ENCRUZILHADAS DO PENSAMENTO JURÍDICO NA SOCIEDADE DA INFORMAÇÃO
Authors: Cunha Paulo Ferreira da 
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Pensar o lugar e o papel, em toda a sua « circunstância », do Direito e dos Juristas na sociedade em que vivemos, a chamada « sociedade da informação ».Metodologia: Partiu-se de uma reflexão sobre o « estado da arte » das correntes filosóficas e metodológicas para depois chegar a elementos menos teóricos gerais e mais centrados no law in action. Foi uma metodologia essencialmente filosófica a seguida.Resultados: Embora, na « sociedade da informação » em que vivemos, as teorias filosóficas e metodológicas em Direito acabem por ser ou destronadas pelo tecnicismo puro e simples, que delas prescinde, ou por epítomes superficiais, ainda há quem resista nessa pesquisa e nesse ensino. Neste artigo, procura-se estabelecer o « estado da arte » quanto às diferentes correntes de pensamento em Filosofia e Metodologia do Direito, desde o par dicotómico juspositivista / jusnaturalista, ao par dicotómico normativismo / judicialismo, passando pelo do pensamento sistemático / dogmático vs. pensamento tópico / problemático. Contudo, tal rede de diferenciação não é suficiente. As oposições binárias sobrepõem-se e imbricam-se. Acima de tudo, está a busca da Justiça, ou, pelo contrário, uma rotineira e conformada aplicação do que alguns julgam ser o direito positivo de uma dura lex, sed lex. Além do pensamento, está, assim, a prática. Além do direito nos livros, o direito em ação. Como fundamento desta, pode estar, sem dúvida, a teoria, mas também está a forma mentis dos Juristas, a qual, independentemente da personalidade de cada jurista, também ganha em ser generalizadamente formada pela educação jurídica, desde logo nas Universidades.Contribuições: O artigo vai chegando a conclusões tant bien que mal originais, sendo os contributos, referidos ao longo do texto e das notas, essencialmente adjuvantes e referindo-se a aspetos argumentativos ou heurísticos pontuais.
Clustering of childhood cancer in Colombia: a nationwide study
Authors: Manrique-Hernández Edgar F. , Rojas Díaz Marcela Pilar , Rodriguez-Villamizar Laura Andrea 
Published: February 2021

Background: Childhood cancer is considered one the most important causes of death in children and adolescents, despite having a low incidence in this population. Spatial analysis has been previously used for the study of childhood cancer to study the geographical distribution of leukemias. This study aimed to identify the presence of space-time clusters of childhood of cancer excluding leukemia in Colombia between 2014 and 2017. Methods: All incident cancer cases (excluding leukemia) in children under the age of 15 years that had been confirmed by the National Surveillance System of Childhood Cancer between 2014 and 2017 were included. Kulldorf’s circular scan test was used to identify clusters using the municipality of residence as the spatial unit of analysis and the year of diagnosis as the temporal unit of analysis. A sensitivity analysis was conducted with different upper limit parameters for the at-risk population. Results: A total of 2006 cases of non-leukemia childhood cancer were analyzed, distributed in 432 municipalities with a mean annual incidence rate of 44 cases per million children under the age of 15. Central nervous system (CNS) tumors were the most frequent type. Four spatial clusters and two space-time clusters were identified in the central and southwest regions of the country. In the analysis for CNS tumors, a spatial cluster was identified in the central region of the country. Conclusions: The distribution of non-leukemia childhood cancer seems to have a clustered distribution in some Colombian regions that may suggest infectious or environmental factors associated with its incidence.