bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable alternative futures for urban India: the resource, energy, and emissions implications of urban form scenarios
Authors: Kumar Poornima , Natarajan Ramya , Ashok Kaveri 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
India’s rapid urbanisation underscores the need to balance growing consumption patterns, development goals, and climate commitments. The scenarios presented in this paper were created using our Sustainable Alternative Futures for India (SAFARI) model, a system dynamics model that simulates interlinkages between sectors in India and their competition for resources and energy at the national scale. This study presents insights from scenarios based on SAFARI’s housing and transport modules, as well as synergies and trade-offs with the industries, water, land, and agriculture modules. It focuses on urban form scenarios and their implications for energy, emissions, and resources. Using a vertically compact residential built form and less energy-intensive materials (such as aerated autoclaved concrete blocks), coupled with greater uptake of public transport and shorter trip lengths, was found to be most beneficial overall. This scenario could reduce residential land consumption by 85%, particulate emissions three-fold, embodied emissions of construction by 11%–13%, and total space cooling energy by 31%–46%, compared to the business as usual scenario. Overall, this scenario could offer a 9.1%–9.6% reduction in cumulative economy-wide greenhouse gas emissions between 2020 and 2050. An urban sprawl scenario (with longer trip lengths) could have the opposite effect, impinging on agricultural land and furthermore, exacerbating food security concerns by 2050. The paper concludes with future research directions, which include exploring the combined potential effects of urban heat islands, alternative materials, and compact urban form on space cooling energy in India.
DeepR2cov: deep representation learning on heterogeneous drug networks to discover anti-inflammatory agents for COVID-19
Authors: Wang Xiaoqi , Xin Bin , Tan Weihong , Xu Zhijian , Li Kenli , Li Fei , Zhong Wu , Peng Shaoliang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated that the excessive inflammatory response is an important factor of death in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. In this study, we propose a deep representation on heterogeneous drug networks, termed DeepR2cov, to discover potential agents for treating the excessive inflammatory response in COVID-19 patients. This work explores the multi-hub characteristic of a heterogeneous drug network integrating eight unique networks. Inspired by the multi-hub characteristic, we design 3 billion special meta paths to train a deep representation model for learning low-dimensional vectors that integrate long-range structure dependency and complex semantic relation among network nodes. Based on the representation vectors and transcriptomics data, we predict 22 drugs that bind to tumor necrosis factor-α or interleukin-6, whose therapeutic associations with the inflammation storm in COVID-19 patients, and molecular binding model are further validated via data from PubMed publications, ongoing clinical trials and a docking program. In addition, the results on five biomedical applications suggest that DeepR2cov significantly outperforms five existing representation approaches. In summary, DeepR2cov is a powerful network representation approach and holds the potential to accelerate treatment of the inflammatory responses in COVID-19 patients. The source code and data can be downloaded from https://github.com/pengsl-lab/DeepR2cov.git.
CyAnno: a semi-automated approach for cell type annotation of mass cytometry datasets
Authors: Kaushik Abhinav , Dunham Diane , He Ziyuan , Manohar Monali , Desai Manisha , Nadeau Kari C , Andorf Sandra 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Motivation
For immune system monitoring in large-scale studies at the single-cell resolution using CyTOF, (semi-)automated computational methods are applied for annotating live cells of mixed cell types. Here, we show that the live cell pool can be highly enriched with undefined heterogeneous cells, i.e. ‘ungated’ cells, and that current semi-automated approaches ignore their modeling resulting in misclassified annotations.

Result
We introduce ‘CyAnno’, a novel semi-automated approach for deconvoluting the unlabeled cytometry dataset based on a machine learning framework utilizing manually gated training data that allows the integrative modeling of ‘gated’ cell types and the ‘ungated’ cells. By applying this framework on several CyTOF datasets, we demonstrated that including the ‘ungated’ cells can lead to a significant increase in the precision of the ‘gated’ cell types prediction. CyAnno can be used to identify even a single cell type, including rare cells, with higher efficacy than current state-of-the-art semi-automated approaches.

Availability and implementation
The CyAnno is available as a python script with a user-manual and sample dataset at https://github.com/abbioinfo/CyAnno.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Assessment of the ESC quality indicators in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review
Authors: Rossello Xavier , Massó-van Roessel Albert , Perelló-Bordoy Antoni , Mas-Lladó Caterina , Ramis-Barceló Maria F , Vives-Borrás Miquel , Pons Jaume , Peral Vicente 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Aims
To help improving quality of care in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) set 20 quality indicators (QIs). There is a need to compile and summarize QI availability, feasibility, and global compliance in real-world registries.

Methods and results
A systematic review of PubMed and Web of Science was conducted including all original articles reporting the use of the ESC QIs in AMI patients. Methods and reporting follow the guidelines of the PRISMA Statement and the protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020190541). Among the 220 screened citations, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria after full-text review. Among these 9 studies, there were 11 different cohorts. Patients were recruited from three different continents (31 countries). The number of QIs assessed ranged from 6 to 20, with 5 studies (56%) reporting data for at least 75% of the 20 QIs. There were room for improvement in terms of data availability (i.e. domain 6 measuring patient’s satisfaction), feasibility (i.e. difficulties to find all data for composite QIs in domain 7), and attainment (i.e. high levels of compliance with the percentage of reperfused ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients, but low levels for a timely reperfusion).

Conclusions
Our systematic review has shown that it is possible to measure most QIs in existing registries, and that there is room for improvement in terms of data availability, feasibility, and levels of attainment to QIs. Our findings may influence the design of future registries to capture this information and help in QIs definition updates.
The God-Awful Small Affair of the Invisible Organist: David Bowie Translated
Authors: Hilson Jeff 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Following the sudden death of David Bowie in January 2016, perhaps the least expected tributes were the various organ renditions of his 1973 single ‘Life On Mars’ played by the organists of St Albans Cathedral, Kelvingrove Art Gallery in Glasgow and Dublin’s St Joseph’s Church. Becoming instant social media sensations, what are we to make of these different versions of Bowie’s song played on the pipe organ, the so-called ‘King of Instruments’, and why did the organists choose ‘Life On Mars’ over any other Bowie song? In this essay, I consider these and other related questions from a range of theoretical perspectives, initially drawing on philosopher and musicologist Peter Szendy’s notion of the musical arrangement as translation, whilst also conceding that as a translation, something in the process of arrangement is lost. What might that ‘something’ be? Understanding him to be one of the most conspicuous musical artists of our time, I go on to employ media philosopher Sybille Kramer’s transmission theory of communication, positing Bowie as a messenger-translator who is also a powerful cultural interferer. As such, he is the antithesis of the church organist who, like the person of the textual translator as outlined by translation theorist Lawrence Venuti, has occupied a marginal if not abject space within musical history. Given this relegated position, how does Bowie’s own use of the organ sit with its use as an instrument of elegy in the various renditions referred to above, and can it tell us anything else about translation?
May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Albania
Authors: Qirjako Gentiana , Mone Iris , Beaney Thomas , Xia Xin , Draçini Xheladin , Poulter Neil R , Fico Albana , Ylli Alban , Çumashi Rudina , Roshi Enver , Burazeri Genc 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article discusses the results of the May Measurement Month (MMM) 2019 campaign, which contributed to a third round of MMM hypertension screening campaigns carried out in Albania, a transitional country in the Western Balkans. The hypertension screening campaign in Albania was carried out during the period 1–31 May 2019 in 30 sites in many districts of the country. Overall, 19 154 participants aged ≥18 years were included (approximately 68% of these were women), with an overall mean age of 47.0 ± 15.3 years. Blood pressure (BP) was measured with OMRON sphygmomanometers (Omron Healthcare, Kyoto, Japan). Hypertension was defined as systolic BP ≥140 mmHg, or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, or on treatment for hypertension. Self-reported data consisted of height and weight, pre-existing conditions, including smoking status and alcohol consumption. Overall, the proportion of participants with hypertension was 38.6%. Less than two-thirds (64.7%) of hypertensive individuals were aware of their condition. Also, less than half (48.3%) of participants on antihypertensive medication had controlled BP (&lt;140/90 mmHg). The most sizable correlations of high BP were with known hypertension status, use of antihypertensive medication, and obesity. The MMM campaign contributes to routine hypertension screening in Albania. Hence, health professionals and policymakers in Albania should act on the findings of MMM screening campaigns and continue its support as a valuable tool for early detection of hypertension in the general population.
May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Bangladesh
Authors: Malik Fazila-Tun-Nesa , Al Mamun Mohammad Abdullah , Choudhury Sohel Reza , Ishraquzzaman Mir , Kalimuddin Mohammad , Huq Tawfiq Shariar , Rahman Mohammad Shamimur , Jubayer Shamim , Bhuiyan Mahfuzur Rahman , Sobhan Sheikh Mohammad Mahbubus , Faruque Mithila , Beaney Thomas , Xia Xin , Poulter Neil R , Malik Abdul 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
According to the Non-communicable disease Risk Factors Survey of 2018, more than one-fifth (21.0%) of adults aged 25 years or older have hypertension and one-third of the adults did not have their blood pressure (BP) measured in their lifetime in Bangladesh. The National Heart Foundation of Bangladesh participated in May Measurement Month (MMM) 2017 and 2018 as well as this 2019 as a part of a global initiative aimed at raising awareness of high BP and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programmes worldwide. This opportunistic screening of voluntary participants aged ≥18 years was carried out from May to July 2019. Data were collected from 100 screening sites in 16 districts in Bangladesh. BP measurement, the definition of hypertension, and statistical analysis followed the MMM protocol. Data on 24 941 individuals were analysed. Among the participants, 12 658 (50.8%) were female. After multiple imputation, 6990 (28.0%) had hypertension. Among the 6990 participants with hypertension, 5007 (71.6%) were on antihypertensive medication and 5331 (76.3%) were aware of having hypertension. Among 6990 participants with hypertension, 3217 (46.0%) had controlled BP (&lt;140/90 mmHg) and among the participants with hypertension and on antihypertensive medication, 64.2% had controlled BP. Opportunistic BP screening can identify significant numbers of people with raised BP and thus assist in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from China
Authors: Chen Xin , Liu Chang-Yuan , Xu Li-Ying , Wang Hong-Yu , Liu Min , Zhang Yu-Qing , Yin Xin-Hua , Wang Xiao-Long , Yu Jing , Li Wei-Hua , Beaney Thomas , Xia Xin , Poulter Neil R , Li Yan , Wang Ji-Guang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To report the blood pressure (BP) data obtained in the May Measurement Month (MMM) 2019 in China. Study participants were recruited if ≥18 years of age and had ideally not had their BP measured for ≥1 year. BP was measured three times consecutively with a 1-min interval in the sitting position, using a validated electronic BP monitor. Trained volunteer investigators administered a questionnaire to collect information on lifestyle, medical history, and use of medications. The measurement was performed in 238 387 participants in 250 sites across 31 China provinces. The majority of screening took place in hospitals or clinics (78.7%), with 17.1% in outdoor public areas and 4.2% in other settings. The study participants included 127 853 women (53.6%) and had a mean (±SD) age of 48.9 ± 16.2 years. The mean (of readings two and three) systolic/diastolic BP was 121.8/73.8 mmHg. In all hypertensive patients (n = 66 181, 27.8%), the awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension were 51.5%, 48.4%, and 29.1%, respectively. Linear regression models showed differences in systolic and diastolic BP according to sex and age and several other major characteristics, such as previous stroke, myocardial infarction, and diabetes mellitus, antihypertensive medication use and known hypertension, previous hypertension in pregnancy and current pregnancy, alcohol intake and current smoking, and body mass index. The MMM 2019 campaign has been successful in measuring BP in a large member of participants in China.
May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Mexico
Authors: Alcocer Luis , Rosas Martin , Estrada Alfredo , Ruiz-Gastelum Edith , Pombo Ernesto J , Cardona Ernesto G , Borrayo Gabriela , Galvan Hector , Alvarez Humberto , Gomez-Alvarez Enrique , Chavez Adolfo , Beaney Thomas , Clarke Jonathan , Poulter Neil R ,   the MMM-19-Mexico group
Published: May 2021

Abstract
May Measurement Month 2019 (MMM19) in Mexico was an opportunistic survey, aimed to improve blood pressure (BP) awareness at the individual and population levels. This survey followed the methodology of MMM19, previously published. The total number of participants screened was 39 700, 56.7% female, 36.6% were of mixed ethnicity, mean age [standard deviation (SD)] was 46.9 (17.4) years, and mean body mass index was 27.2 (SD: 4.4) kg/m2. Seven per cent of the participants reported having diabetes, 2.4% reported having a myocardial infarction in the past, 1.1% stroke, 2.0% were pregnant at the time of the survey, 3.7% of women had suffered from hypertension in a previous pregnancy, 11.4% declared that they were smokers, and 47.0% drank alcohol at least once a week. After multiple imputations, of all 39 700 participants, 10 140 (25.5%) had hypertension; of all participants with hypertension, 43.8% were aware of their diagnosis, 41.7% were on antihypertensive medication, and 27.8% had controlled BP (systolic BP &lt;140 mmHg and diastolic BP &lt;90 mmHg). Of those on antihypertensive medication, 27.8% had controlled BP. In Mexico, MMM is the largest hypertension survey ever done, it provides complementary data to the existing information on arterial hypertension in the country and helps to increase the visibility of hypertension: a priority health problem.
May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Harikrishna , McLachlan Craig S , Khanal Pratik , Adhikari Tara Ballav , Ranabhat Kamal , Koirala Sweta , Parajuli Surya B , Pokharel Yashashwi , Paudel Santosh , Soti Pabitra Babu , Subedi Bishal , Wagle Chetan Nidhi , Mahato Sweta , Pandey Ghanashyam , Gyawali Pawan , Pandey Sadhana , Gyawali Vivek , Devkota Surya , Lohani Guna Raj , Koirala Bhagawan , Xia Xin , Beaney Thomas , Neupane Dinesh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative to screen high blood pressure (BP) in the community and increase awareness at the population level. High BP is the leading risk factor for mortality worldwide and in Nepal. This study presents the results of the 2019 MMM in Nepal. Opportunistic BP screening was conducted in 30 out of 77 districts across Nepal and aged ≥18 years at the community and public places. BP was measured three times in a seated position. A total of 74 205 individuals participated in the study, mean age 39.9 years, and 58% were male. BP measurements for the second and third readings were available for 69 292 (93.3%) individuals. The proportion of the population that were hypertensive was 27.5% (n = 20 429). Among those hypertensives, 46.3% were aware of their hypertensive status and of these, 37.5% were on antihypertensive medication. Only 54.3% of those on antihypertensive medication had their BP controlled. Of the community screened, those self reporting to have diabetes, current tobacco users, and current alcohol drinkers were 6.7%, 23.6%, and 31.9%, respectively; 20.6% of the participants were overweight, and 6.5% were obese. Since the first BP screening campaign, MMM 2017 in Nepal, the number of participants screened has largely increased over the years. MMM’s success in Nepal is through a coordinated mobilization of trained health science students and volunteers in the communities. The Nepal MMM data demonstrates that large community-based BP screening campaigns are possible in low resource settings.
May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Pakistan-South Asia
Authors: Memon Feroz , Beaney Thomas , Clarke Jonathan , Ishaq Mohammad , Bai Kavita 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
High blood pressure (BP) is well recognized as a huge health problem worldwide and is often described as a silent killer. To develop awareness and screening of this health issue globally, the International Society of Hypertension created ‘May Measurement Month (MMM)’ a campaign to provide BP screening and advice to interested participants. This screening and awareness campaign in Pakistan is a continuation of the efforts of the first MMM programme in Pakistan in 2017. This study was conducted in May and June 2019. This public based cross-sectional study included and screened 6919 individuals of either gender and aged ≥18 years, after informed consent. Information about prior diagnosis and treatment of hypertension with history about comorbidities and life-style were taken by a standard pre-designed form. Participants also asked about previous participation in MMM 2017/18. Arterial BP was measured using the OMRON digital BP apparatus and three successive readings were taken. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or a diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg or taking antihypertensives. Participants had a mean age of 45.8 years and 47.1% had never had their BP checked. Of all those screened, 3601 (52.1%) participants had hypertension, of whom 56.2% were aware of their diagnosis, 49.5% were on antihypertensive medication and 19.8% had controlled BP (&lt;140/90 mmHg). Of the 1783 participants on antihypertensive medication, 40.0% had controlled BP. In Pakistan, there are still low levels of awareness, counselling and screening about high BP. Further large-scale studies are required in this region to evaluate these problems and link them with potential solutions.
May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: M’Buyamba-Kabangu Jean-René , Katamba Fortunat K , Ntambwe Mireille L , Ngoyi Georges N , Tshiswaka Trésor M , Bayauli Pascal M , Lubenga Yves N , Kazadi Serge M , Beaney Thomas , Xia Xin , Poulter Neil R , Buila Nathan B 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Hypertension, the foremost cause of global morbi-mortality, is linked with a high mortality from numerous cardiovascular endpoints. The May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign is an annual initiative of the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) to collect information on blood pressure (BP) and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults. MMM2019 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) was an opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 years that took place in Kinshasa and Mbuji-Mayi after the training of observers to familiarize with the ISH ad hoc methods. We screened 29 857 individuals (mean age: 40 years; 40% female). Hypertension was present in 7624 (25.5%) individuals. Of them, 2520 (33.1%) were aware, 1768 (23.2%) on treatment with 910 (51.5%) controlled BP (systolic BP &lt;140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP &lt;90 mmHg). Of all hypertensives screened, 11.9% had controlled BP. Of all respondents, 16.7% had participated in MMM18 and 60.5% did not have their BP verified during the last year. Fasting, pregnancy, and underweight status were linked with lower BP levels whilst smoking, drinking, antihypertensive medication, previous stroke, diabetes as well as being overweight/obese were associated with higher BP levels. Our results reflect the high rate of hypertension in the DRC with low levels of awareness, treatment, and control. A nationally representative sample is required to establish the nationwide hypertension prevalence.
May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Italy
Authors: Torlasco Camilla , Faini Andrea , Pengo Martino F , Borghi Claudio , Grassi Guido , Ferri Claudio , Muiesan Maria Lorenza , Salvetti Massimo , Sechi Leonardo , Minuz Pietro , Mulatero Paolo , Pucci Giacomo , Volpe Massimo , Carugo Stefano , Sarzani Riccardo , Mulè Giuseppe , Beaney Thomas , Poulter Neil R , Xia Xin , Parati Gianfranco 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are burdened by high mortality and morbidity, being responsible for half of the deaths in Europe. Although hypertension is recognized as the most important CV risk factor, hypertension awareness, and blood pressure (BP) control are still unsatisfactory. In 2017 and 2018, respectively &gt;10 000 and &gt;5000 individuals took part in the May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign in Italy, of whom 30.6% and 26.3% were found to have high BP, respectively. To raise public awareness on the importance of hypertension and to collect BP data on a nation-wide scale in Italy. In the frame of the MMM campaign, an opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 years was carried out in May 2019. BP measurement, the definition of hypertension, and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. Screening was conducted in multiple sites by health personnel. Among the 10 182 people screened (females: 52.3%, mean age 58 ± 16years) mean BP was 127/78 mmHg, and 3171 (31.1%) participants had arterial hypertension, of whom 62.1% were aware of being hypertensive. Diabetes, body mass index &gt;25 kg/m2 were associated with higher BP and previous myocardial infarction with lower BP. For the third consecutive year we collected a nation-wide snapshot of BP control in a large sample of individuals. The high participation, with some yearly fluctuations likely due to the limitations of the sampling technique, confirms the power of this kind of health campaign in reaching a significant number of people to raise awareness on health topics.