bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of hybrid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate on the corrosion resistance of PTFE composite ceramic coatings
Authors: Wang Jianyu , Bian Da , Zhao Yongwu , Liu Yaxuan , Liu Yang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this study, the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composite ceramic coatings with hybrid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate (AP) are prepared on AISI 304L stainless steel by spraying and heat curing to improve the corrosion resistance of the coatings. AP is hybridized with methyltriethoxysilane (MTES), and the structure of the hybrid AP is characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Contact angle tests, scratch tests, and electrochemical experiments are used to investigate the corrosion behavior of composite ceramic coatings. In addition, scanning electron microscopy is used to examine the microscopic morphology of the coatings after corrosion to investigate the mechanism of the hybrid AP on the corrosion resistance of the composite ceramic coatings. The findings reveal that MTES successfully hybridizes with AP and implants the –CH3 hydrophobic group in AP, which improves the hydrophobicity of composite coatings. The corrosion potential of hybrid AP coatings all move in a positive direction, and the corrosion current density is lower than that of unhybridized AP coatings. The corrosion current density of the coating is about 2.931e−008 A/cm2 when the MTES content is 5 wt%, which is 20% less than that of the unhybridized AP coating. Results indicate hybrid AP can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of PTFE composite ceramic coatings with the best corrosion resistance occurring when the content of MTES is 5 wt%.
Living with restrictions: The duration of restrictions influences construal levels
Authors: Sarial‐Abi Gülen , Ulqinaku Aulona , Mokarram‐Dorri Sadaf 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMany people live with restrictions in their daily lives. Overlooked in past research is how individuals who experience restrictions construe information. We propose that individuals with temporary (permanent) restrictions adopt a more concrete (abstract) level of construal. Theoretically, perceptions of loss of control explain the construal level of consumers with temporary (vs. permanent) restrictions. We tested our hypotheses in a series of four quasi‐experiment studies both in the field and online, including samples of individuals with diabetes and celiac disease. The results show that individuals who experience temporary (permanent) restrictions adopt more concrete (abstract) levels of construal, which results in their preference for products that communicate brand (category) attributes and shelves that contain only restriction‐related (mixture of restriction‐ and no restriction‐related) products. These findings extend developments in the literature on restrictions and construal level theory by showing the effects of duration of restrictions on individuals’ mindset and generate actionable implications for marketers and policymakers.
Vertical structure of the bacterial diversity in meromictic Fayetteville Green Lake
Authors: Block Kaleigh R. , O'Brien Joy M. , Edwards William J. , Marnocha Cassandra L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe permanently stratified water columns in euxinic meromictic lakes produce niche environments for phototrophic sulfur oxidizers and diverse sulfur metabolisms. While Green Lake (Fayetteville, New York, NY) is known to host a diverse community of ecologically important sulfur bacteria, analyses of its microbial communities, to date, have been largely based on pigment analysis and smaller datasets from Sanger sequencing techniques. Here, we present the results of next‐generation sequencing of the eubacterial community in the context of the water column geochemistry. We observed abundant purple and green sulfur bacteria, as well as anoxygenic photosynthesis‐capable cyanobacteria within the upper monimolimnion. Amidst the phototrophs, we found other sulfur‐cycling bacteria including sulfur disproportionators and chemotrophic sulfur oxidizers, further detailing our understanding of the sulfur cycle and microbial ecology of euxinic, meromictic lakes.
Variants of ATP1A3 in residue 756 cause a separate phenotype of relapsing encephalopathy with cerebellar ataxia (RECA)—Report of two cases and literature review
Authors: Biela Mateusz , Rydzanicz Malgorzata , Szymanska Krystyna , Pieniawska‐Smiech Karolina , Lewandowicz‐Uszynska Aleksandra , Chruszcz Joanna , Benben Lucyna , Kuzior‐Plawiak Malgorzata , Szyld Pawel , Jakubiak Aleksandra , Szenborn Leszek , Ploski Rafal , Smigiel Robert 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundVariants in ATP1A3 cause well‐known phenotypes—alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), rapid‐onset dystonia‐parkinsonism (RDP), cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy, sensorineural hearing loss (CAPOS), and severe early infantile epileptic encephalopathy. Recently, there has been growing evidence for genotype–phenotype correlations in the ATP1A3 variants, and a separate phenotype associated with variants in residue 756—two acronyms are proposed for the moment—FIPWE (fever‐induced paroxysmal weakness and encephalopathy) and RECA (relapsing encephalopathy with cerebellar ataxia).Materials and MethodsHerein, we are describing two new pediatric cases with a p.Arg756His change in the ATP1A3 gene. Both patients have had more than one episode of a neurological decompensation triggered by fever with severe hypotonia and followed by ataxia. Thirty‐three cases from literature were analyzed to define and strengthen the genotype‐phenotype correlation of variants located in residue 756 (p.Arg756His, p.Arg756Cys, p.Arg756Leu).ConclusionsPatients with a ATP1A3 variant in residue 756 are characterized by recurrent paroxysmal episodes of neurological decompensations triggered by fever, with severe hypotonia, ataxia, dysarthria, symptoms from the orofacial area (dysphagia, drooling) as well as with altered consciousness. Recovery is slow and usually not full with the persistent symptoms of cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, dystonic and choreiform movements.
Are gamma passing rate and dose–volume histogram QA metrics correlated?
Authors: Baran Mateusz , Tabor Zbisɫaw , Tulik Monika , Kabat Damian , Rzecki Krzysztof , Sośnicki Tomasz , Waligórski Michael 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeThe quality of a measured distribution of dose delivered against its corresponding radiotherapy plan is routinely assessed by gamma index (GI) and dose–volume histogram (DVH) metrics. Any correlation between error detection rates, as based on either of these approaches, while argued, has never been convincingly demonstrated. The dependence of the strength of correlation between the GI passing rate () and DVH quality assurance (QA) metrics on various elements of the therapy plan has not been systematically investigated.MethodsA formal analysis of the relation between and DVH metrics has been undertaken, leading to a relationship which may partly approximate with respect to the DVH. This relationship was further validated by studying examples of simulated clinical radiotherapy plans and by studying the correlation between and the derived relationship using a simple two‐dimensional representations of the planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk (OAR), where penumbra regions, distance‐to‐agreement tolerances and dose delivery errors were systematically varied.ResultsIt is shown formally that there cannot be any correlation between and other commonly applied DVH‐derived QA measures. However, may be partly approximated given the planned and measured DVH. The derived approximation (the “‐slope indicator”) may be clinically useful in some practical cases of radiotherapy plan QA.ConclusionsIn formal terms, there cannot be any correlation between and any common DVH‐calculated patient‐specific measures, with respect to PTV or OAR. However, as demonstrated analytically and further confirmed in our simulation studies, the approximation derived in this study (the “‐slope indicator”) may in some cases offer a degree of correlation between and the PTV and OAR DVH QA metrics in measured and planned patient‐specific dose distributions—which may be potentially useful in clinical practice.
Combination therapy with botulinum toxin and bulking agent—An efficient, sustainable, and safe method to treat elderly women with mixed urinary incontinence
Authors: Viereck Volker , Gamper Marianne , Walser Claudia , Fesslmeier Debra , Münst Julia , Zivanovic Irena 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the efficacy, sustainability and safety of combined botulinum toxin and polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAHG) therapy to treat urgency and stress components of therapy‐refractory mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) in an elderly study population.MethodsFifty‐five women with therapy‐refractory MUI were treated with botulinum toxin and PAHG in one surgical procedure. Urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) outcomes were separately assessed after 4 and 12 months by objective UUI episodes/24 h and cough test, subjective impact of UUI and SUI on quality of life, and subjective International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ‐UI SF). MUI outcome was calculated by combining UUI and SUI outcomes. Complications were monitored throughout the study.ResultsAt 4 months, objective cure rates were 73%, 53%, and 42%, and subjective cure rates were 71%, 52%, and 50% for SUI, UUI, and MUI. At 12 months, objective cure rates were 73%, 56%, 50% and subjective cure rates were 78%, 42%, and 40% for SUI, UUI, and MUI. The ICIQ‐UI SF score decreased by 9.0 and 8.7 points after 4 and 12 months. All complications were transient and included 22% clean intermittent catheterization immediately after surgery, 33% postvoid residual volumes >100 ml at 14 days, and 13% symptomatic urinary tract infection within the first postoperative month.ConclusionsThe combination of botulinum toxin and PAHG is effective, sustainable and safe to treat therapy‐refractory MUI, even in an elderly and frail study population. Patients benefit from the short surgical procedure without the need for general anaesthesia or discontinuation of anticoagulation.
Interface reaction‐induced separated phase structure in compatible epoxy thermosetting blending for unexpected mechanical properties and multi‐thermosensitive devices
Authors: Yuan Li , Chen Song , Wang Zehao , Gu Aijuan , Liang Guozheng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUnlike the traditional reaction‐induced phase separation mechanism in incompatible polymer blending and the rigorous thermodynamic difference‐induced phase separation in compatible polymer blending, a new strategy for inducing separated phase in compatible thermosetting blending systems before cure was developed. Phase‐separated structure in the blending of thermosetting epoxy/glutaric anhydride (GA)/zinc (II) acetylacetonate (ZAA) system (EP1) and epoxy/polyether amine (D230)/butylglycidyl ether (BGE) system (EP2) was constructed by in situ interface reaction between EP1 and EP2. High concentration ZAA gave rise to high viscosity of EP1 that brought large EP2 droplets in EP1/EP2 systems. The phase‐separated structure was easily controlled by the formation of the polymer wall interface between EP1 and EP2. The synergistic effects of the barrier of wall interface and low diffusion behavior of high viscosity of EP1 could lead to the high conversion of epoxy groups in EP1/EP2, low levels of GA/D230 consumptions, and significant phase structure in EP1/EP2, which endowed the resulting EP1/EP2 with excellent mechanical property and good thermal property. The flexural strength, the impact strength and tensile strength of EP1/EP2 with large separated‐phase reached 119 MPa, 28 kJ/m2, and 73 MPa, respectively, which were 34%, 12%, and 16% higher than that of high performance EP1 system. The resulting EP1/EP2 systems also showed good triple‐shape memory effect owing to the phase‐separated structure. It was significant for EP1/EP2 system to be used as multithermosensitive devices for fire early warning and monitoring detector, and high‐security anticounterfeiting application.
Insulin pumps: are services and health equity undermining technological progression?
Authors: Curtis Louise R , Alington K , Partridge Helen L 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe inspiring story of insulin pump development contains numerous hurdles overcome with leaps in technology. Miniaturisation and increased reliability have led to a discrete device that can deliver insulin in a more physiologic profile than multiple daily injections. Accumulating evidence supports not only glycaemic benefits with lower HbA1c, reduced glucose variability and reduced hypoglycaemia rates but also improved quality of life and an association with reduction in mortality. Understandably, patient groups list access to technologies as a key priority for living well with diabetes. Despite this, uptake of insulin pumps remains below forecast with variation geographically and between socioeconomic groups. Criteria from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence aim to standardise local commissioning; however, a major barrier to initiating pump services is sufficient staff numbers with appropriate training and experience. To aid growth, services could be better supported to access training and given flexibility in deploying their resources. Collaboration between centres with increasing use of the virtual platform for education and clinical support may address the equity of delivery.There has been proliferation of available devices with differing advantages and limitations; for example compatibility with software and discretion. Sensor augmentation has enabled a degree of automated insulin delivery with predicted hypoglycaemia avoidance; however, accessibility is restricted and some highly motivated people with type 1 diabetes have set up their own semi‐automated insulin delivery systems using open source code. Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons.
Closed‐loop technology: a practical guide
Authors: Hartnell Sara , Fuchs Julia , Boughton Charlotte K , Hovorka Roman 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHybrid closed‐loop insulin delivery has been shown to be safe and effective in improving time in target glucose range and reducing the risk of hypoglycaemia for people with type 1 diabetes. Benefits in terms of reduction in diabetes burden have also been demonstrated. After decades of research and development, four hybrid closed‐loop systems are now commercially available in the UK with more expected soon.We review the hybrid closed‐loop systems currently available – Tandem t:slim with Control‐IQ, CamAPS FX, Medtronic MiniMed 670G and second generation, Medtronic MiniMed 780G – and discuss the components and key features of these technologies.As hybrid closed‐loop systems become more widely available, education and training of health care professionals and users will be pivotal in ensuring the research benefits are translated into real‐world outcomes. Users need to be supported to make appropriate choices about the different systems available and be guided in realistic expectations regarding outcomes. Attention must be given to the key training and education requirements and how these differ from traditional insulin pump therapy. Training and interpretation in reviewing closed‐loop data are essential for post‐initiation reviews and optimisation.Developments in diabetes technology are progressing rapidly and other hybrid closed‐loop systems currently in pivotal clinical trials may soon become commercially available. We also consider other important progress in this field including the use of faster‐acting insulin analogues, adjunctive therapies such as SGLT2 inhibitors and dual hormone closed‐loop systems. Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons.
Deep stretch of polyethylene by transverse loading: Finite element simulation to characterize the influence of indenter size and loading speed on the stress development and distribution
Authors: Ebrahimian Azadeh , Ward Patrick , Jar P.‐Y. Ben 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDeep stretching has been found to decrease the cracking resistance of polyethylene (PE) in an aggressive environment. This idea has been adopted for developing a test method that uses indentation loading to generate a deep stretch of a PE plate so that time for crack generation is shortened. Work presented is to use finite element (FE) modeling to investigate the influence of indenter size and loading speed on the efficacy of the test method. Mechanical testing was carried out using cylindrical indenters of 7 and 13 mm in diameter on a plate that is supported so that only a 15‐mm diameter area can be stretched. Test results were used to calibrate material input data for the FE modeling and to establish the stress development and distribution during the deep stretch process. FE modeling considered three types of material input, one purely based on elastic–plastic deformation and the other two considering creep or damage during the deep stretch. All FE modellings suggest that the 13‐mm indenter is more effective than the 7‐mm indenter in introducing a monotonic total stress increase during the deep stretch, and thus the study concludes that the former should be used to introduce the deep stretch.
Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 Toward C2 Valuables on Cu@Ag Core‐Shell Tandem Catalyst with Tunable Shell Thickness
Authors: Zhang Shuaishuai , Zhao Shulin , Qu Dongxue , Liu Xiaojing , Wu Yuping , Chen Yuhui , Huang Wei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is critical to converting CO2 to high‐value multicarbon chemicals. However, the Cu‐based catalysts as the only option to reduce CO2 into C2+ products suffer from poor selectivity and low activity. Tandem catalysis for CO2 reduction is an efficient strategy to overcome such problems. Here, Cu@Ag core‐shell nanoparticles (NPs) with different silver layer thicknesses are fabricated to realize the tandem catalysis for CO2 conversion by producing CO on Ag shell and further achieving C–C coupling on Cu core. It is found that Cu@Ag‐2 NPs with the proper thickness of Ag shell exhibit the Faradaic efficiency (FE) of total C2 products and ethylene as high as 67.6% and 32.2% at −1.1 V (versus reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE), respectively. Moreover, it exhibits remarkably electrocatalytic stability after 14 h. Based on electrochemical tests and CO adsorption capacity analyses, the origin of the enhanced catalytic performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect between Ag shell and Cu core, which strengthens the bonding strength of CO on Cu/Ag interfaces, expedites the charge transfer, increases the electrochemical surface areas (ECSAs). This report provides a Cu‐based catalyst to realize efficient C2 generation via a rationally designed core‐shell structured catalyst.
Synchrotron X‐Ray Tomography for Rechargeable Battery Research: Fundamentals, Setups and Applications
Authors: Tang Fengcheng , Wu Zhibin , Yang Chao , Osenberg Markus , Hilger André , Dong Kang , Markötter Henning , Manke Ingo , Sun Fu , Chen Libao , Cui Guanglei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the complicated interplay of the continuously evolving electrode materials in their inherent 3D states during the battery operating condition is of great importance for advancing rechargeable battery research. In this regard, the synchrotron X‐ray tomography technique, which enables non‐destructive, multi‐scale, and 3D imaging of a variety of electrode components before/during/after battery operation, becomes an essential tool to deepen this understanding. The past few years have witnessed an increasingly growing interest in applying this technique in battery research. Hence, it is time to not only summarize the already obtained battery‐related knowledge by using this technique, but also to present a fundamental elucidation of this technique to boost future studies in battery research. To this end, this review firstly introduces the fundamental principles and experimental setups of the synchrotron X‐ray tomography technique. After that, a user guide to its application in battery research and examples of its applications in research of various types of batteries are presented. The current review ends with a discussion of the future opportunities of this technique for next‐generation rechargeable batteries research. It is expected that this review can enhance the reader's understanding of the synchrotron X‐ray tomography technique and stimulate new ideas and opportunities in battery research.
Residual‐based damage evaluation of RC columns using feature classification and model optimization
Authors: Shan Jiazeng , Liu Jie , Ouyang Yuting 
Published: August 2021

SummaryA residual‐based damage evaluation framework with physical feature classification is proposed for categorizing RC columns regarding engineering parameters. To realize a real‐time damage assessment, increasing the damage model's feasibility is of interest. Considering the physical diversities of different RC columns, a damage model with a constant parameter setup may become unreliable in practice. To address this issue, a self‐organizing map (SOM) is utilized to classify RC columns in terms of their engineering parameters. Such classified RC columns are associated with similar physical attributes. For RC columns sorted in the same cluster, a damage model parameter optimization procedure is implemented. One hundred and twenty RC columns are selected from the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) center. In specific, using the selected RC columns, a comparative study has been implemented to show the feasibility of the proposed damage model. The SOM is then trained to classify 100 RC columns associated with a model optimization procedure. Such well‐trained SOM is utilized for pattern recognition, and the optimized damage model is used to evaluate the damage status of 20 columns in the validation data pool. In the end, a parametric study is accomplished to extend the reliability of the proposed damage evaluation framework.
Event‐Triggered High Gain Adaptive Backstepping Control for Switched Uncertain Nonlinear System
Authors: Michino Ryuji , Akaike Kota , Mizumoto Ikuro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper is concerned with an event‐triggered controller deign based on high gain adaptive backstepping for switched uncertain nonlinear systems. The proposed controller can be applied to switched systems with uncertain control coefficient and does not have a compensation term for the error between the current control signal and last updated control signal. These advantages are obtained due to the proposed event‐triggered controller is designed based on the high gain adaptive feedback strategy. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.