bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction and Optimization of Surface Roughness and Cutting Force in Turning of UHMWPE by Using Taguchi Method, Response Surface Methodology and Neural Networks
Authors: Susac Florin , Stan Felicia , Fetecau Catalin , Besliu Irina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper reports on the optimization and prediction of the surface roughness and cutting force in the turning of UHMWPE (ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene). To identify the controllable factors in turning UHMWPE, that can minimize the variation of the surface roughness and cutting force, a three-level full factorial design, considering the feed rate, depth of cut, and cutting speed was conducted. The Taguchi method and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were employed for establishing a relationship between the input and output parameters, whereas the significance of each parameter was analyzed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). A four-layer Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model with a back-propagation algorithm and a sigmoidal transfer function and two hidden layers was developed for simultaneous prediction of surface roughness and cutting force. The results of the ANOVA of the surface roughness indicated that the feed rate is the dominant parameter followed by cutting speed and depth of cut, whereas the main cutting force is significantly affected by all three cutting parameters. The advantage of the ANN over the RSM is that the former can be used to simultaneously predict the surface roughness and cutting force, providing the most accurate estimates of the surface roughness and cutting force.
Reading Between the Lines: Gender Stereotypes in Children’s Sport-Based Books
Authors: Coletti Jennifer T. , Allan Veronica , Martin Luc J. 
Published: January 2021

A child’s first contact with media and culture typically comes from books they are exposed to in the home and at school. The narratives presented contribute to the early reinforcement of gender roles and norms and can greatly influence the way that young girls perceive and experience sport. The purpose of this study was to explore the narratives within sport-based books geared toward a young female audience to determine the extent to which they promote the engagement of girls in sport. A pragmatic literature search was conducted to obtain books that met our inclusion criteria. Books (n = 28) were analyzed based on the age of their intended audience (aged 3–5, 6–8, and 9–12 years) using thematic narrative analysis. Although the authors promoted the engagement of girls in sport, underlying gender stereotypes were nevertheless salient. Across the books, themes involved the emphasis of “feminine” sports as a context for diversity and learning, the need to understand development as a process, the importance of relationships, and implications pertaining to perceptions of capability as female athletes. Most importantly, the application of a critical feminist lens enabled us to identify an underlying theme—the reinforcement of gender stereotypes—that permeated the storylines and served to undermine the potential adaptive messaging intended by authors. These findings suggest the need for greater attention toward the complexity of female sport and a cultural shift in thinking toward gender equity rather than simply increasing sport access for female participants.
Provenance of the El Salto Formation (early Oligocene to early Miocene), southern part of La Reforma caldera, Baja California Sur, Mexico
Authors: Ocampo-Díaz* Yam Zul Ernesto , Torres-Sánchez Sonia Alejandra , Augustsson Carita , Macías José Luis , Sosa-Ceballos Giovanni , Cisneros-Máximo Guillermo , García-Sánchez Laura , Osorio-Ocampo Susana , Avellán Denis-Ramón , Omma Jenny , Ortega-Obregón Carlos , Solari Luigi A. , González-Barba Gerardo 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTThis study documented the stratigraphy and provenance of the El Salto Formation in southern Baja California, Mexico, which represents an early Oligocene–early Miocene forearc basin developed during the subduction of the Farallon plate, in the immediate vicinity of La Reforma caldera, central part of Baja California Sur, Mexico. In the study area, El Salto Formation consists of three stratigraphic members. The lower member is characterized by intercalations of sandstones and conglomeratic sandstones that exhibit eolian large-scale cross-stratification. U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology implies maximum depositional ages of ca. 33–31 Ma. The middle member is characterized by successions of conglomeratic sandstones and sandstones with eolian and tidal large-scale cross-stratification. The member also contains ignimbrites, tuff, and andesite deposits, and its maximum deposition age is ca. 30–28 Ma. The ignimbrite collected at the top of this member has a crystallization age of ca. 28 Ma. The upper member is characterized by conglomerates, sandstones, and shales, with maximum depositional ages ranging from 28 to 23 Ma.Petrographically, sandstones of the El Salto Formation are composed of three petrofacies. Petrofacies A is rich in quartz with a greater contribution of felsitic volcanic lithic grains (Q55F21L24; recycled orogenic provenance). Petrofacies B is rich in lathwork and microlitic volcanic lithic fragments with minor contributions of quartz and feldspar (Q39F12L42; recycled orogenic and dissected arc), while petrofacies C is rich in microlitic volcanic fragments and lathwork with subordinate quartz and feldspar (Q21F25L54; transitional arc setting). U-Pb ages of &gt;600 zircon grains from nine samples contained three populations: (1) 35–23 Ma (early and late Oligocene; 22% of all grains), (2) 120–60 Ma (Cretaceous; 32%), and (3) 170–140 Ma (Middle Jurassic–Early Cretaceous; 46%). Detrital zircon grains with ages of ca. 40–20 Ma showed rare earth element patterns and trace-element ratios similar to those formed in a continental arc. Volcanic rocks sampled in this work contained chemical signatures, including Nb, Pb, and Rb anomalies, that indicate their magmas were created in a subduction zone. In addition, high concentrations of heavy rare earth elements (La/Yb = 14–19) suggest that the magmas contain a component of partial melting of the mantle wedge and crust, probably as a result of asthenospheric upwelling. These features support a model in which the El Salto Formation was developed due to the rollback of the Farallon plate in the period 50–25 Ma.
Intraperitoneal insulin administration in pigs: effect on circulating insulin and glucose levels
Authors: Dirnena-Fusini Ilze , Åm Marte Kierulf , Fougner Anders Lyngvi , Carlsen Sven Magnus , Christiansen Sverre Christian 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionThe effect of intraperitoneal insulin infusion has limited evidence in the literature. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of different intraperitoneal insulin boluses. There is a lack of studies comparing the insulin appearance in the systemic circulation after intraperitoneal compared with subcutaneous insulin delivery. Thus, we also aimed for a comparison with the subcutaneous route.Research design and methodsEight anesthetized, non-diabetic pigs were given three different intraperitoneal insulin boluses (2, 5 and 10 U). The order of boluses for the last six pigs was randomized. Endogenous insulin and glucagon release were suppressed by repeated somatostatin analog injections. The first pig was used to identify the infusion rate of glucose to maintain stable glucose values throughout the experiment. The estimated difference between insulin boluses was compared using two-way analysis of variance (GraphPad Prism V.8).In addition, a trial of three pigs which received subcutaneous insulin boluses was included for comparison with intraperitoneal insulin boluses.ResultsDecreased mean blood glucose levels were observed after 5 and 10 U intraperitoneal insulin boluses compared with the 2 U boluses. No changes in circulating insulin levels were observed after the 2 and 5 U intraperitoneal boluses, while increased circulating insulin levels were observed after the 10 U intraperitoneal boluses. Subcutaneously injected insulin resulted in higher values of circulating insulin compared with the corresponding intraperitoneal boluses.ConclusionsSmaller intraperitoneal boluses of insulin have an effect on circulating glucose levels without increasing insulin levels in the systemic circulation. By increasing the insulin bolus, a major increase in circulating insulin was observed, with a minor additive effect on circulating glucose levels. This is compatible with a close to 100% first-pass effect in the liver after smaller intraperitoneal boluses. Subcutaneous insulin boluses markedly increased circulating insulin levels.
Decomposing the rural–urban gap in factors associated with childhood immunisation in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from surveys in 23 countries
Authors: Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Kareem Yusuf Olushola , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Yaya Sanni 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundAbout 31 million children in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) suffer from immunisation preventable diseases yearly and more than half a million children die because of lack of access to immunisation. Immunisation coverage has stagnated at 72% in SSA over the past 6 years. Due to evidence that full immunisation of children may be determined by place of residence, this study aimed at investigating the rural–urban differential in full childhood immunisation in SSA.MethodsThe data used for this study consisted of 26 241 children pooled from 23 Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2010 and 2018 in SSA. We performed a Poisson regression analysis with robust Standard Errors (SEs) to determine the factors associated with full immunisation status for rural and urban children. Likewise, a multivariate decomposition analysis for non-linear response model was used to examine the contribution of the covariates to the observed rural and urban differential in full childhood immunisation. All analyses were performed using Stata software V.15.0 and associations with a p<0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsMore than half of children in urban settings were fully immunised (52.8%) while 59.3% of rural residents were not fully immunised. In all, 76.5% of rural–urban variation in full immunisation was attributable to differences in child and maternal characteristics. Household wealth was an important component contributing to the rural–urban gap. Specifically, richest wealth status substantially accounted for immunisation disparity (35.7%). First and sixth birth orders contributed 7.3% and 14.9%, respectively, towards the disparity while 7.9% of the disparity was attributable to distance to health facility.ConclusionThis study has emphasised the rural–urban disparity in childhood immunisation, with children in the urban settings more likely to complete immunisation. Subregional, national and community-level interventions to obviate this disparity should target children in rural settings, those from poor households and women who have difficulties in accessing healthcare facilities due to distance.
Writing’s on the wall: improving the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist
Authors: Cushley Claire , Knight Tom , Murray Helen , Kidd Lawrence 
Published: January 2021

Background and problemThe WHO Surgical Safety Checklist has been shown to improve patient safety as well as improving teamwork and communication in theatres. In 2009, it was made a mandatory requirement for all NHS hospitals in England and Wales. The WHO checklist is intended to be adapted to suit local settings and was modified for use in Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. In 2018, it was decided to review the use of the adapted WHO checklist and determine whether improvements in compliance and engagement could be achieved.AimThe aim was to achieve 90% compliance and engagement with the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist by April 2019.MethodsIn April 2018, a prospective observational audit and online survey took place. The results showed compliance for the ‘Sign In’ section of the checklist was 55% and for the ‘Time Out’ section was 91%. Engagement by the entire theatre team was measured at 58%. It was proposed to move from a paper checklist to a wall-mounted checklist, to review and refine the items in the checklist and to change the timing of ‘Time Out’ to ensure it was done immediately prior to knife-to-skin.ResultsFollowing its introduction in September 2018, the new wall-mounted checklist was reaudited. Compliance improved to 91% for ‘Sign In’ and to 94% for ‘Time Out’. Engagement by the entire theatre team was achieved 100% of the time. Feedback was collected, adjustments made and the new checklist was rolled out in stages across all theatres. A reaudit in December 2018 showed compliance improved further, to 99% with ‘Sign In’ and to 100% with ‘Time Out’. Engagement was maintained at 100%.ConclusionsThe aim of the project was met and exceeded. Since April 2019, the new checklist is being used across all theatres in the Trust.
Long-term survival benefit of ramipril in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure
Authors: Wu Jianhua , Hall Alistair S , Gale Chris P 
Published: January 2021

AimsACE inhibition reduces mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, there are limited randomised data about the long-term survival benefits of ACE inhibition in this population.MethodsIn 1993, the Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy (AIRE) study randomly allocated patients with AMI and clinical heart failure to ramipril or placebo. The duration of masked trial therapy in the UK cohort (603 patients, mean age=64.7 years, 455 male patients) was 12.4 and 13.4 months for ramipril (n=302) and placebo (n=301), respectively. We estimated life expectancy and extensions of life (difference in median survival times) according to duration of follow-up (range 0–29.6 years).ResultsBy 9 April 2019, death from all causes occurred in 266 (88.4%) patients in placebo arm and 275 (91.1%) patients in ramipril arm. The extension of life between ramipril and placebo groups was 14.5 months (95% CI 13.2 to 15.8). Ramipril increased life expectancy more for patients with than without diabetes (life expectancy difference 32.1 vs 5.0 months), previous AMI (20.1 vs 4.9 months), previous heart failure (19.5 vs 4.9 months), hypertension (16.6 vs 8.3 months), angina (16.2 vs 5.0 months) and age >65 years (11.3 vs 5.7 months). Given potential treatment switching, the true absolute treatment effect could be underestimated by 28%.ConclusionFor patients with clinically defined heart failure following AMI, ramipril results in a sustained survival benefit, and is associated with an extension of life of up to 14.5 months for, on average, 13 months treatment duration.
Intestinal parasites of dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) in Svalbard (Norway): low prevalence and limited transmission with wildlife
Authors: Myšková Eva , Brož Marek , Kváč Martin , Sak Bohumil , Ditrich Oleg 
Published: January 2021

Domesticated dogs (Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus, 1758) are widely kept on all continents and could share parasites with free-living animals. To understand the transmission of intestinal parasites between dogs kept on the four dog stations and wildlife in Svalbard, 170 faecal samples from dogs and 203 faecal samples from wildlife, including Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus (Linnaeus, 1758); n = 62), Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus (Vrolik, 1829); n = 106), sibling vole (Microtus levis Miller, 1908; n = 63), Pink-footed Goose (Anser brachyrhynchus Baillon, 1834; n = 30), Little Auk (Alle alle (Linnaeus, 1758); n = 49), and Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla (Linnaeus, 1758); n = 18), were individually screened for the presence of intestinal parasites using microscopy and PCR and nucleotide sequencing methods. Additionally, the results of the study were compared with previous studies performed in the same area. The roundworm Toxascaris leonina (Linstow, 1902) was found microscopically and by PCR in a dog (n = 1). The specific DNA of three species of parasitic protists was detected in dogs from different yards. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the presence of Cryptosporidium canis Fayer, Trout, Xiao, Morgan, Lal and Dubey, 2001 (n = 1), Encephalitozoon cuniculi Levaditi, Nicolau and Schoen, 1923 genotype II (n = 4), and dog-specific Enterocytozoon bieneusi Desportes, Le Charpentier, Galian, Bernard, Cochand-Priollet, Lavergne, Ravisse and Modigliani, 1985 genotypes (n = 12). This study showed overall a low prevalence of intestinal parasites in dogs in Svalbard and possible but minimal transmission with wildlife.
$$B_{(s)}$$ to light tensor meson form factors via LCSR in HQEFT with applications to semileptonic decays
Authors: Zuo Ya-Bing , Yue Chong-Xing , Yu Bo , Kou Ying-Hui , Chen Yan , Ling Wen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn the present work, the form factors of $$B_{(s)}$$

B

(
s
)

to light P-wave tensor mesons ($$a_2(1320)$$

a
2

(
1320
)

, $$K^*_2(1430)$$

K
2
∗

(
1430
)

, $$f_2(1270)$$

f
2

(
1270
)

, $$f^\prime _2(1525)$$

f
2
′

(
1525
)

) are calculated via the light cone sum rules (LCSR) in the framework of heavy quark effective field theory (HQEFT). Firstly, the expressions of form factors in terms of the light cone distribution amplitudes (DAs) of tensor mesons are derived via the LCSR at the leading order of heavy quark expansion. It is found that the penguin type form factors can be obtained directly from the corresponding semileptonic ones, which is similar to the case of S-wave mesons. Considering the light tensor meson DAs to twist-3, we give the numerical results of form factors systematically. As applications, we investigate the branching ratios, longitudinal polarization fractions and forward-backward asymmetries of relevant semileptonic decays induced by charged current and flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) separately. Our results may be tested by more precise experiments in the future.
Neutrino masses and Hubble tension via a Majoron in MFV
Authors: Arias-Aragón Fernando , Fernández-Martínez Enrique , González-López Manuel , Merlo Luca 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe recent tension between local and early measurements of the Hubble constant can be explained in a particle physics context. A mechanism is presented where this tension is alleviated due to the presence of a Majoron, arising from the spontaneous breaking of Lepton Number. The lightness of the active neutrinos is consistently explained. Moreover, this mechanism is shown to be embeddable in the minimal (Lepton) flavour violating context, providing a correct description of fermion masses and mixings, and protecting the flavour sector from large deviations from the Standard Model predictions. A QCD axion is also present to solve the Strong CP problem. The Lepton Number and the Peccei–Quinn symmetries naturally arise in the minimal (Lepton) flavour violating setup and their spontaneous breaking is due to the presence of two extra scalar singlets. The Majoron phenomenology is also studied in detail. Decays of the heavy neutrinos and the invisible Higgs decay provide the strongest constraints in the model parameter space.
Bayesian comparison of interacting modified holographic Ricci dark energy scenarios
Authors: Cid Antonella , Rodriguez-Benites Carlos , Cataldo Mauricio , Casanova Gonzalo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe perform a Bayesian model selection analysis for interacting scenarios of dark matter and modified holographic Ricci dark energy (MHRDE) with linear interacting terms. We use a combination of some of the latest cosmological data such as type Ia supernovae, cosmic chronometers, the local value of the Hubble constant, baryon acoustic oscillations measurements and cosmic microwave background through the angular scale of the sound horizon at last scattering. We find moderate/strong evidence against all the MHRDE interacting scenarios studied with respect to $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM when the full joint analysis is considered.
A MET Targeting Antibody–Drug Conjugate Overcomes Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Cazes Alex , Betancourt Oscar , Esparza Edgar , Mose Evangeline S. , Jaquish Dawn , Wong Eric , Wascher Alexis A. , Tiriac Hervé , Gymnopoulos Marco , Lowy Andrew M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive disease associated with a poor 5-year overall survival. Most patients are ineligible for surgery due to late diagnosis and are treated primarily with chemotherapy with very limited success. Pancreatic cancer is relatively insensitive to chemotherapy due to multiple factors, including reduced bioavailability of drugs to tumor cells. One strategy to improve drug efficacy with reduced toxicity is the development of antibody–drug conjugates (ADC), which have now been used successfully to treat both solid and liquid tumors. Here, we evaluate the efficacy of TR1801-ADC, a newly developed ADC composed of a MET antibody conjugated to the highly potent pyrrolobenzodiazepine toxin-linker, tesirine.

Experimental Design:
We first evaluated MET expression and subcellular localization in pancreatic cancer cell lines, human tumors, and patient-derived xenografts (PDX). We then tested TR1801-ADC efficacy in vitro in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Preclinical evaluation of TR1801-ADC efficacy was conducted on PDXs selected on the basis of their MET expression level.

Results:
We show that MET is highly expressed and located at the plasma membrane of pancreatic cancer cells. We found that TR1801-ADC induces a specific cytotoxicity in pancreatic cancer cell lines and a profound tumor growth inhibition, even in a gemcitabine-resistant tumor. We also noted synergism between TR1801-ADC and gemcitabine in vitro and an improved response to the combination in vivo.

Conclusions:
Together, these results suggest the promise of agents such as TR1801-ADC as a novel approach to the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
More Dubious Dead Sea Scrolls
Authors: Justnes Årstein , Munch Rasmussen Josephine 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In the course of the last eighteen years more than 75 new “Dead Sea Scrolls” fragments have surfaced on the antiquities market. These are commonly referred to as post-2002 Dead Sea Scrolls-like fragments. A growing number of scholars regard a substantial part of them as forgeries. In this article, we will discuss four more dubious fragments, but this time from the 20th Century—or at least from pre-2002. Two of the fragments have been known since the late nineties and are published in the DJD series. One was published in Revue de Qumran (2003), and one in Gleanings from the Caves (2016). All four are today accepted as part of the Dead Sea Scrolls dataset even though they are unprovenanced and have made-up—or at least very adaptable—lists of previous owners. In this article, we will critically review their provenance and discuss the lack of proper interest in provenance on the part of the collector who owns them and the scholars who published them.