bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical application of digital design combined with personalized three-dimensional printing technology in the treatment of deep oromaxillofacial-cervical tumors
Authors: Guo Zhichen , Li Chenxi , Ling Bin , Gong Zhongcheng 
Published: December 2021

Background and Purpose:
The emergence of digitalized technology has greatly promoted the progress of craniomaxillofacial and head and neck surgery. This present study aimed to explore and describe the advantages of digital design combined with personalized three-dimensional (3D) printing technology in the treatment of deep oromaxillofacial-cervical tumors.

Patients and Methods:
Nine patients with deep tumor of oral and maxillofacial and neck region admitted to Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated First Hospital from June 2017 to March 2021 were all treated by the digitalized surgery. Preoperatively, radiological examination including computed tomography (CT) angiography, plain and enhanced CT scan, and magnetic resonance imaging were performed in all patients. The software packaged of MIMICS, 3-matic and MAYA was cooperatively used to offer 3D modeling and create 3D texturing for morphological and functional reconstruction. The application effect was assessed by analyzing the relevant data and every patient followed up regularly after the operation.

Results:
The reconstructed images were acquired through computer-aided three-dimension reconstruction, as well as the navigated devices were established through 3D printing. There were totally nine patients including 4 males and 5 females with a mean age of 48.5 years old, whose tumor size ranged from 1.5 cm × 2.2 cm to 3.5 cm × 4.2 cm. The analysis of data also showed that five cases were characterized by oromaxillofacial osseous defect, 2 primary lesions were adjacent to bone and 2 were noncontacted with bone; the location of 7 cases were closely next to blood vessels of oral-maxillofacial-cervical region, while 2 were contactless.

Conclusions:
Although the tumors occurred in the deeply maxillofacial area are difficult to resect due to several complex anatomical and functional subunits in this area, digital design combined with 3D technology is a promising tool to provide precise diagnosis with an accurately targeted treatment for maxillofacial deep tumor. The preoperative design and the combined navigation technology can further improve the accuracy and safety for curing deep maxillofacial and neck tumors.
Efficacy of clear aligners on mandibular molar distalization: A retrospective study
Authors: Han Jie , Ning Nan , Du Hongjiang , Zhou Mengqi , Cai Chaoying , Hong Yaya , Zhou Yi , Chen Xuepeng 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Clear aligners (CAs) can distalize mandibular molars. The present study aimed to study the efficiency and influencing the factors of CAs for mandibular molar distalization and to provide guidance for clinical design.

Materials and Methods:
The present study evaluated 32 adult orthodontic patients who needed mandibular molar distalization and were treated with CAs between September 2018 and September 2020 at the school of medicine. The cone-beam computed tomography images of T0 (before orthodontic treatment) and T1 (after mandibular molars were fully distalized) were collected, and the actual movements of mandibular molars were measured and compared with the expected movements. The efficiency of mandibular molar distalization during treatment was comprehensively evaluated, and the relevant factors were analyzed.

Results:
For mandibular first molar distalization, the average efficiency of the crown was 67.19% 9swn. 13%, and that of the root was 37.87% 7stn. 72%. There was a significant difference between the achieved movement amount and the expected amount (P < 0.05). For mandibular second molars, the average efficiency of the crown was 58.47% 7swn. 07%, and that of the root was 57.03% 3stn. 48%. There was a statistically significant difference between the achieved movement amount and the expected amount (P < 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between the expected movement and the efficiency of the crown.

Conclusions:
CAs can achieve mandibular molar distalization, and the movement pattern of molars is mainly a tipping movement. To accomplish bodily movement, overcorrection should be fully considered. In addition, it is suggested that close attention should be given to observing root movement during molar distalization.
Management of Vitiligo Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chatterjee Manas , Das Anupam 
Published: December 2021

Background:
COVID-19 pandemic has changed the approach of dermatologists, with respect to management of numerous conditions, vitiligo being one of them. However, there is a lack of consensus on how to deal with patients of vitiligo, as we battle this pandemic.

Aim:
To conduct a questionnaire-based survey, amongst expert dermatologists; in order to understand the impact of COVID-19 on the management of vitiligo.

Materials and Methods:
An online semi-structured English questionnaire was prepared and the link was circulated among 50 pan-Indian expert dermatologists, through various platforms (snowball sampling). Confidentiality and anonymity were strictly maintained. Responses were analyzed at the end of the study and a consensus statement was generated.

Results:
42.22% of the respondents believed that teleconsultation is adequate for the diagnosis and management of most cases of vitiligo. 64.44% were found to be comfortable in prescribing oral medications, even during the COVID-19 pandemic; of which 62% would prefer to prescribe systemic steroids; followed by 17%, 11%, 7%, and 3% who would prefer cyclosporine, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, and methotrexate, respectively. 64.44% respondents would recommend phototherapy in their office and 80% would prefer home-based phototherapy (PUVAsol or handheld NBUVB devices). 86.67% would prefer to stop the oral immunosuppressive drugs, till the COVID-19 RTPCR positive patients are tested negative.

Limitations:
The results are based on a survey of a small albeit selected group of dermatologists who decided on the currently available information on COVID-19. The same may change depending on the nature of further available information on the virus and its effect on how we manage the patients.

Conclusions:
Cases for initial consultation may be seen physically, and those for follow-up may be scheduled for teleconsultation. Topical therapy may be used without any hesitation. Phototherapy may be best advised with either PUVAsol or home-based phototherapy units (handheld NBUVB devices). With regards to systemic immunosuppressives, oral minipulse therapy may be preferable in view of lesser requirement of monitoring. Surgery for vitiligo should be performed only if the psychological well-being is severely affected.
Depressive symptoms and psychological distress from antenatal to postnatal period in women with high-risk pregnancy
Authors: Hamidia Angela , Kheirkhah Farzan , Faramarzi Mahbobeh , Basirat Zahra , Ghadimi Reza , Chehrazi Mohammad , Barat Shahnaz , Cuijpers Pim , O’Connor Elizabeth , Mirtabar Seyyedeh Mahboubeh 
Published: December 2021

Background:
The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on mental disorders in postnatal period remains unknown.

Aim:
The study aimed to determine the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may aggravate depressive symptoms and psychological distress of women with high-risk pregnancy in postnatal period.

Methods:
This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on women with complicated pregnancies from antenatal to postnatal period. In the first phase, from December 2019 to January 2020 (before the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic), 122 pregnant women filled in the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Brief Symptom Inventory 53-items (BSI-53). In the second phase, with the start of the COVID-19 pandemic from February to June, 30% of the participants (41/122) completed three questionnaires: EPDS, BSI-53, and the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) scale in postpartum period.

Results:
During the COVID-19 pandemic, from antenatal to postnatal period, the depression score of EPDS, total scores, all the subscales of BSI-53, and global severity index-53 increased in women with high-risk pregnancy. Furthermore, the persistence of antenatal depression occurred in 85.7% of the participants, and the onset of postnatal depression occurred in 80% of them. About 12% of the women also experienced PTSD symptoms during the postnatal period.

Conclusion:
The COVID-19 pandemic may aggravate the prevalence and persistence of postnatal depression in women with high-risk pregnancy. The study calls for clinical implementation to identify and help women with mental disorders in postnatal period, especially women experiencing complicated pregnancies.
Impact of clozapine on disability and course of illness in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Grover Sandeep , Naskar Chandrima , Chakrabarti Subho 
Published: December 2021

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of long-term use of clozapine on disability and course of illness among patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia.

Materials and Methods:
102 participants who have been receiving clozapine for a mean duration of 5 years were evaluated on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) rating, Clinical Global Impression (CGI) severity rating, and Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale (IDEAS) and the scores were compared with the scores on the same scales at the time of starting clozapine.

Results:
There was a significant reduction in both CGI-severity scores and scores in all the four domains of IDEAS, alongside a significant reduction on all three subscales of PANSS with clozapine treatment. The CGI global improvement subscale was rated as very much improved for 80 patients. In terms of course of symptoms, at 6 months of clozapine use, three-fourth of the patients were rated as having partial recovery with no relapse of symptoms, but with passage of time, the proportion of patients in the category of “complete recovery” was found to be increasing. Higher CGI severity at the follow-up, lower CGI global improvement, and poorer efficacy index were associated with higher disability at the follow-up.

Conclusions:
The present study suggests that clozapine has a significant beneficial impact on disability and course of illness among patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
Risk factors and prevention for postoperative delirium after orthopedic surgery
Authors: Wang Li-Hong , Jin Ting-Ting , Zhang Xiao-Wei , Xu Guo-Hong 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Postoperative delirium significantly delays the recovery of patients. This study sought to explore the risk factors and to prevent postoperative delirium after orthopedic surgery.

Materials and Methods:
In the part of retrospective study, 456 cases over 70-year-old that underwent one of three types of orthopedic surgery were included and were defined as the retrospective group. The risk factors of postoperative delirium were analyzed by logistic regression. In the part of prospective study, 86 cases of the same age and the same surgery were included and were defined as the prospective group. Positive interventions were used by shortening the fasting time and increasing the perioperative rehydration. The differences of postoperative delirium incidence between the retrospective group and the prospective group were analyzed.

Results:
Compared with patients with normal postoperative electrolytes, postoperative creatinine <68.20 μmol/L, and fluid infusion during fasting >119.66 mL/h, postoperative electrolyte disorders (odds ratio [OR]: 2.864; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.374, 5.970), postoperative creatinine ≥68.20 μmol/L (OR: 2.660; 95% CI: 1.328, 5.328), and fluid infusion during fasting ≤119.66 mL/h (OR: 2.372; 95% CI: 1.197, 4.704) were the risk factors for postoperative delirium. After positive intervention, the postoperative delirium incidence of the prospective group was 5.8% (5/86), and it was lower than 18.4% (84/456) of the retrospective group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Elevated postoperative creatinine, postoperative electrolyte disorders, and lower fluid infusion during fasting were three risk factors for postoperative delirium. By shortening the fasting time and increasing the perioperative rehydration, the incidence of postoperative delirium could be reduced.
Da comunidade eclesial ao Pacto Educativo Global: coordenadas pastorais no combate ao analfabetismo funcional
Authors: Ottaviani Edélcio Serafim 
Published: December 2021

À luz da Exortação Apostólica Evangelii Gaudium (n. 24); da Encíclica Fratelli Tutti (nº. 35; 77; 97; 109; 114; 167; 180; 187; 204) em que é ressaltada, a partir da crise sanitária devida à Pandemia do COVID-19, a redução gradativa de investimentos na área da saúde e da educação; do Pacto Educativo Global (Global Compact on Education), convocado pelo Papa Francisco – este trabalho visa a apresentar, o histórico, os fundamentos teológico-pastorais e a metodologia do Projeto de Alfabetização e Letramento Sementes do Saber. Tal projeto, fomentando uma rede de solidariedade entre comunidade eclesial, escola, família e universidade, própria às exigências da pastoral urbana, visa a pensar uma saída para a condição de analfabeto funcional à qual estão fadados crianças e adolescentes, cujos pais, em situação de vulnerabilidade social, são eles próprios carentes de uma educação formal e cidadã.
A confederação política de Israel: Max Weber leitor do Cântico de Débora (Jz 5)
Authors: Sell Carlos Eduardo 
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: O conceito de Confederação [Eidgenossenschaft] é uma das chaves hermenêuticas determinantes da caracterização sociológica que Max Weber nos apresenta da estrutura social de Israel em sua fase pré-monárquica. Embora profundamente influente nos estudos bíblicos, o assim chamado modelo anfictiônico é hoje amplamente questionado. Após examinar as características deste conceito e o modo como Weber fundamenta sua validade histórico- empírica no Cântico Débora (Jz 5), argumenta-se que ele ainda nos oferece um modelo explicativo válido para a compreensão da organização político-social das tribos de Israel em sua fase pré-estatal. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Max Weber, Judaísmo Antigo, Confederação política, Juízes, Cântico de Débora.
Aplicação dos pilares da indústria 4.0 na educação
Authors: Grossi Márcia Gorett Ribeiro , Cruz Thiago Fiuza de Sousa , Minoda Dalva de Souza , Souza Natália Trindade de 
Published: December 2021

O objetivo desse artigo foi verificar as possibilidades de se usar os nove pilares da indústria 4.0, estabelecidos pelo Boston Consulting Group, no contexto escolar, contribuindo para a efetivação do modelo da educação 4.0. Par tal, foi realizada em 2021 uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa. De acordo com o objetivo traçado, o tipo de pesquisa foi a descritiva e em relação aos procedimentos técnicos, escolheu-se a pesquisa bibliográfica. Os resultados revelaram que esses pilares da indústria podem ser aplicados na educação, ajudando na efetivação da educação 4.0. O uso desses pilares pôde ser observado diretamente nas práticas pedagógicas, como favorecimento das metodologias ativas, destacando nesta pesquisa: a aprendizagem baseada em projetos, a sala de aula invertida, o design thinking e atividades maker. E também indiretamente, como ferramenta de apoio na gestão escolar como, por exemplo a computação em nuvem que elimina a necessidade de instalação de softwares ou sistemas nos computadores locais da escola reduzindo a necessidade de altos investimentos financeiros em armazenagem de dados escolares.
ENFERMAGEM OBSTETRICA E O SARS-COV-2
Authors: Araújo Mariana , Costa Valeria , Veloso Magalhães Maria do Amparo 
Published: December 2021

A presente revisão integrativa de literatura traz como seu objetivo descrever a importância da assistência prestada pelos profissionais de enfermagem as mulheres em período gravídico e puerperal durante a pandemia do SARS-CoV-2. Foi aplicado a metodologia de pesquisa integrativa, seguindo o plano da Revisão de Literatura de Mendes, Silveira e Galvão (2019). O levantamento incluiu artigos primarios, originais, completos em inglês e português dos anos 5 ultimos anos. Os estudos foram verificados na BVS, SciELO, MEDLINE, BDENF, LILACS, Bireme e Google acadêmico. Foi notado que o profissionais de enfermagem tiveram que olhar para a saúde deles mesmos e dos seus pacientes de forma holistica, pois com as novas adptações da pandemia do SARS-CoV-2 os pacientes e também os profissionais de saúde tiveram de ser cuidados pelo fato dos desafios no ambito emocional que ambos tiveram que transpor, contudo, o pleno processo de enfermagem como estratégia de trabalho contribuiu para uma assistência de qualidade significativa e afetiva, respaldada em orientações concisas aos cuidados dos profissionais de enfermagem e das mulheres em período gravídico e puerperal durante a pandemia do SARS-CoV-2 de acordo com cada circunstância.
SPORCULARIN PSİKOLOJİK BECERİ DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ŞAHİNLER Yunus 
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı; sporcuların psikolojik becerilerinin farklı değişkenlere göre incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın evrenini 2020-2021 yılında İstanbulda farklı kulüplerde futbol, voleybol, tenis, yüzme ve atletizm branşlarıyla ilgilenen sporculardan oluşmaktadır. Örneklemini, Avcılar, Beylikdüzü ve Bakırköy’de çeşitli külüplerde en az 3 yıl spor geçmişine sahip 218 kadın ve 210 erkek toplamda 428 sporcudan . Araştırmada “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve Erhan ve ark. (2015) tarafından Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliği yapılmış.“Sporcuların Psikolojik Becerilerini Değerlendirme Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler parametrik testler uygulanarak analiz edilmiştir.Verilerin analizinde SPSS 25.0 paket programı uygulanmış. Normal dağılım gösterdiği için parametrik testler yapıldı.
Analizler sonucunda araştırmaya dâhil olan sporcuların psikolojik beceri değerlendirme puanı ve alt boyutlarında sporcuların cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumu, spor yılı, spor branşı ve milli sporcu olma durumu değişkenleri arasında anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur (p
Endoscopic submucosal dissection for rectal neoplastic lesions: experience from a European center.
Authors: Spychalski Michał , Włodarczyk Marcin , Włodarczyk Jakub , Dąbrowski Igor , Bednarski Piotr , Dziki Adam 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionNowadays, various endoscopic resections including polypectomy, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are well known first-line approaches for early neoplastic rectal tumors.Material and methodsIn this case series study, we analyzed 320 ESD procedures performed in a high-volume colorectal center in Poland, Europe. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate ESD procedure in cases of rectal carcinoma performed by a single trained operator in a referral center provided with endoscopy.ResultsOverall, en bloc resection was observed in 92.5% of patients (296/320). The en bloc resection rate was at a similar level in those lesions with involved anal sphincters versus tumors without involvement (93.85% vs. 92.16%; p=0.644). R0 resection was noted in 89.4% of patients (286/320). The overall curative ESD rate was 85.94% (n=275). The curative ESD rate in the invasive cancer group reached 52.6% (n=20). We observed ESD-related adverse events, such as bleeding and perforation, in 3.4 % of patients (n=11).ConclusionsWe have demonstrated that ESD in rectal tumors is an efficient and safe procedure with a high curative rate, even in difficult lesions. Anal sphincter localization and recurrent character of the lesion have no impact on the final outcomes. The ESD approach should have been considered for all rectal tumors, especially those lesions suspected of superficial mucosal invasion, as it can serve as a staging method and may have been curative for adenomas and cancers limited to mucosa.
Prognosis of patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia in a tertiary hospital in Turkey
Authors: Birtay Tayfun , Bahadir Suzan , Kabacaoglu Ebru , Yetiz Ozgur , Demirci Mehmet Fatih , Genctoy Gultekin 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:
SARS-CoV2/COVID-19 emerged in China and caused a global pandemic in 2020. The mortality rate has been reported to be between 0% and 14.6% in all patients. In this study, we determined the clinical and laboratory parameters of COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality in our hospital.

OBJECTIVES:
Investigate the relationship between demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters on COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality.

DESIGN:
Retrospective observational study.

SETTINGS:
Tertiary care hospital.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia from March until the end of December were included in the study.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
The relationship between demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters and the morbidity and mortality rates of patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

SAMPLE SIZE:
124 patients

RESULTS:

The mortality rate was 9.6% (12/124). Coronary artery disease (
P
<.0001) diabetes mellitus (
P
=.04) fever (>38.3°C) at presentation (
P
=.04) hypertension (
P
<.0001), and positive smoking history (
P
<.0001) were significantly associated with mortality. Patients who died were older, had a higher comorbid disease index, pneumonia severity index, fasting blood glucose, baseline serum creatinine, D-dimer, and had lower baseline haemoglobin, SaO
2
, percentage of lymphocyte counts and diastolic blood pressure. Patients admitted to the ICU were older, had a higher comorbidity disease index, pneumonia severity index, C-reactive protein, WBC, D-dimer, creatinine, number of antibiotics used, longer O
2
support duration, lower hemoglobin, lymphocyte (%), and baseline SaO
2
(%).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results were consistent with much of the reported data. We suggest that the frequency, dosage, and duration of steroid treatment should be limited.

LIMITATIONS:
Low patient number, uncertain reason of mortality, no standard treatment regimen, limited treatment options, like ECMO.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
None.