bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of an Online Intervention on the Medical, Dental and Health Sciences Students About Interprofessional Education; A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Guraya Salman Yousuf , David Leena R. , Hashir Shermin , Mousa Noha A. , Bayatti Saad Wahbi Al , Hasswan Ahmed Abd Alrazzak , Kaouas Mujtaba 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundInterprofessional education (IPE) encompasses integration, communication, mutual trust and shared decision-making with a common goal of improved patient care and safety. Despite its crucial role, IPE has not gained its anticipated popularity. This study aims to determine the impact of an online educational intervention about IPE on medical, dental and health sciences students in the University of Sharjah (UoS). MethodsThis quasi-experimental research was conducted in three phases; a pre-intervention phase where the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) inventory was administered online to the medical, dental and health sciences students of UoS; an intervention phase where an online workshop was organized via Microsoft Teams®; and a post-intervention phase where RIPLS was used to gather the students’ attitudes towards IPE. The independent t test was used to compare the responses between genders and junior and senior students. A paired sample t test was used to determine the impact of the intervention on the students’ understandings and attitudes about IPE. ResultsOut of 800 invited students, 530 students responded to the pre-intervention RIPLS survey. A comparison of the pre-post intervention for the RIPLS subscales of teamwork and collaboration, professional identification, and professional roles showed a significant improvement of the students’ attitudes with p-values 0.03, 0.00 and 0.00, respectively. All workshop moderators scored a median of 4 or 5 to the essential elements of IPE during intervention except for a median of 3 for group dynamics.ConclusionIn this study, the present data derived from the application of a brief online educational intervention underpins the readiness and positive attitudes of undergraduate medical students towards IPE. The positive impact of our intervention necessitates the development of a structured and unified IPE curriculum to enhance the receptiveness and application of IPE in the medical field.
Identification of Genes Associated With Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis
Authors: Huang Chao , He Jun , Dong Yi , Chen Yichao , Peng Anquan , Huang Hao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the leading malignant cancers of the head and neck. Patients with LSCC infiltration and metastasis have a poor prognosis. There is an urgent need to identify more potential targets for drugs and biomarkers for early diagnosis.Methods: RNA sequence data from LSCC and patient clinic traits were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (GSE142083) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to identify the hub genes. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, prognostic values analysis and the tumor-infiltrating immune cell (TIC) abundance profiles estimation were performed.Results: In present study, a total of 432 DEGs, including 199 up-regulated genes and 233 down-regulated genes were screened in GSE142083 dataset. After intersecting with DEGs in TCGA, 211 common DEGs were screened. Using WGCNA, five modules were identified to be closely related to LSCC. After compared with common DEGs and performed with univariate Cox regression analysis, only eight genes, including CEACAM6, FSCN1, INHBA, MYO1B, PLAU, SERPINH1, TJP3 and TNFRSF12A, were screened out to be significantly related to the prognosis of patients diagnosed with LSCC.Conclusions: The results in present study shows that CEACAM6, FSCN1, INHBA, MYO1B, PLAU, SERPINH1, TJP3 and TNFRSF12A have the potential to become new therapeutic targets and biomarkers for LSCC.
Fine Mapping of Qph9, A Major Quantitative Trait Locus, Responsible for Plant Height In Foxtail Millet [Setaria Italica (L.) P. Beauv.]
Authors: Du Xiaofen , Wang Zhilan , Han Kangni , Lian Shichao , Li Yuxin , Zhang Linyi , Guo Erhu , Wang Jun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Plant height is vital for crop yield by influencing plant architecture and resistance to lodging. Although lots of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling plant height had been mapped in foxtail millet, their contributions to phenotypic variation were generally small and mapping regions were relatively large, indicating the difficult application in molecular breeding using marker-assisted selection. In the present paper, a total of 23 QTLs involving in 15 traits were identified via a high-density Bin map containing 3024 Bin markers with an average distance of 0.48 cM from an F2 population. Among them, qPH9 with a large phenotypic variation explained (51.6%) related to plant height, was one of the major QTLs. Furthermore, qPH9 was repeatedly detected in multi-environments under field conditions using two new F2 population from the same F1 plant, and was narrowed down to a smaller interval of 281 kb using 1024 recessive individuals of F2 population. Finally, we found that there was an extremely significant correlation between marker MRI1016 and plant height, and speculated that Seita.9G088900 and Seita.9G089700 could be key candidates of qPH9. This study laid an important foundation for the cloning of qPH9 and molecular breeding of dwarf varieties via marker-assisted selection.
Localized Cystic Disease of the Kidney in Pediatric Patients: Clinical and Imaging Findings With Long Term Follow Up
Authors: Yoon Haesung , Kim Myung-Joon , Shin Hyun Joo , Lee Mi-Jung 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to describe the clinical and imaging findings, including ultrasonography (US) findings, and long-term follow-up results in pediatric patients with localized cystic disease of the kidney (LCDK).Methods: From January 2002 to August 2020, pediatric patients diagnosed with LCDK based on imaging findings showing multiple localized renal cysts with intervening normal renal parenchyma were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical presentations and US features of the affected and contralateral kidneys were reviewed and compared with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging findings, if available. Results: A total of 18 patients (male:female = 11:7; median age, 8 years) were included. Initial clinical presentations were incidental findings (n = 5), abdominal pain (n = 5), or hematuria (n = 5). Of the seven (7/18, 39%) patients who showed multiple hyperechoic foci with ring-down artifacts within the cystic lesions on US, six patients showed focal calcification of the cysts on CT. Two (2/18, 11%) patients had tiny cysts in the contralateral kidney. During follow-up (range, 2–122 months), there was an increase in lesion size, with ipsilateral renal growth in four (4/18, 22%) patients. There was no renal function impairment at the initial presentation or during follow-up in all patients.Conclusions: LCDK can present with tiny calcifications (39%), contralateral tiny renal cysts (11%), and mild size increase during renal growth (22%) in children without renal function impairment. Follow-up US is recommended without surgical intervention in these typical cases.
Deep Learning with Diverse Objectives Improves ARDS Prediction
Authors: Lam Carson , Thapa Rahul , Maharjan Jenish , Rahmani Keyvan , Tso Chak Foon , Calvert Jacob , Mao Qingqing , Das Ritankar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
When training neural networks (NNs) on time-series inpatient data, as the number of outcomes predicted diversifies, the NN both generalizes better on external validation and reaches higher performance in similar numbers of training epochs. We demonstrated this in the context of predicting decompensation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The NN outperformed gradient boosted trees, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.86 on an external hold out test set of hospitals not included in the training set. We estimated real world benefit by comparing mortality rates between similarly at risk patients when diagnosed before or after the time of algorithm evaluation. We showed that, among similarly at risk patients, earlier diagnosis of ARDS nearly doubles the rate of in-hospital survival. Using cluster analysis of the algorithm’s internal representations, we identified distinct ARDS sub-groups, some of which had similar mortality rates but different clinical presentations.
Evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the human host
Authors: Wrobel Antoni , Benton Donald , Roustan Chloë , Borg Annabel , Hussain Saira , Martin Stephen , Rosenthal Peter , Skehel John , Gamblin Steve 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Variants of SARS-CoV-2 have emerged which contain multiple substitutions in the surface spike glycoprotein that have been associated with increased transmission and resistance to neutralising antibodies and antisera. We have examined the structure and receptor binding properties of spike proteins from the B.1.1.7 (UK) and B.1.351 (SA) variants to better understand the evolution of the virus in humans. Both variants’ spikes have the same mutation, N501Y, in their receptor-binding domains that confers tighter ACE2 binding and this substitution relies on a common earlier substitution (D614G) to achieve the tighter binding. Each variant spike has also acquired a key change in structure that impacts virus pathogenesis. Unlike other SARS-CoV-2 spikes, the spike from the UK variant is stable against detrimerisation on binding ACE2. This feature primarily arises from the acquisition of a substitution at the S1-S2 furin site that allows for near-complete cleavage. In the SA variant spike, the presence of a new substitution, K417N, again on the background of the D614G substitution, enables the spike trimer to adopt fully open conformations that are required for receptor binding. Both types of structural change likely contribute to the increased effectiveness of these viruses for infecting human cells.
A Simple Prediction Model of Hyperuricemia for use in a Rural Setting
Authors: Shi Jiacheng , Chen Xiaohuan , Yang Qiong , Wang Cai-Mei , Huang Qian , Shen Yanming , Yu Jian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Currently, the most widely used screening methods for hyperuricemia (HUA) involves invasive laboratory tests, which are lacking in many rural hostipals in China. This study explores the use of non-invasive physical examinations to construct a simple prediction model for HUA. Data of 9,252 adults from July to October 2019 in the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College were collected and divided randomly into a training set (n = 6,364) and a validation set (n = 2,888) at a ratio of 7:3. In the training set, non-invasive physical examination indicators of age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and prevalence of hypertension were included for logistic regression analysis, and a nomogram model was established. The classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm of the decision tree model was used to build a classification tree model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve and decision curve analyses (DCA) were used to test the distinction, accuracy and clinical applicability of the two models. The results showed age, gender, BMI and prevalence of hypertension were all related to the occurrence of HUA. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the nomogram model was 0.806 and 0.791 in training set and validation set, respectively. The AUC of the classification tree model was 0.802 and 0.794 in the two sets, respectively, but were not statistically different. The calibration curves and DCAs of the two models performed well on accuracy and clinical practicality, which suggested these models may be suitable to predict HUA for rural setting.
Securin overexpression correlates with the activated Rb/E2F1 pathway and Histone H3 epigenetic modifications in raw areca-nut induced carcinogenesis in mice
Authors: Boruah Nabamita , Singh Chongtham Sovachandra , Swargiary Pooja , Dakhar Hughbert , Chatterjee Anupam 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Raw areca-nut (RAN) consumption induces oral, esophageal and gastric cancers which are significantly associated with the overexpression of pituitary tumor transforming gene1/Securin and chromosomal instability (CIN). Since the molecular mechanism underlying Securin upregulation remains unclear, this study is intended to investigate the association of Securin upregulation with Rb-E2F1 circuit and epigenetic histone (H3) modifications pattern both globally and in the promoter region of Securin gene.
Methods
Six groups of mice were used and in the treated group each mouse consumed 1 mg of RAN-extract with lime per day ad libitum in the drinking water for 60 days after which the dose was increased by 1 mg after every 60 days. Histopathological evaluation of stomach tissues was done and Securin expression was analysed by immunoblotting as well as by immunohistochemistry. ChIP-qPCR assay was performed for evaluating the recruitment of different histone modifications in the two regions of Securin promoter.
Results
All mice developed gastric cancer with Securin overexpression after 300 days of feeding. Immunohistochemistry data revealed hyperphosphorylation of Rb and upregulation of E2F1 in the RAN-treated samples. Increased trimethylation of H3 Lysine4 and acetylation of H3 Lysine9 and 18 both globally and in the promoter region of Securin gene was observed by increasing the level of lysine-N-methyltransferase2A, lysine-acetyltransferase, EP-300 and PCAF after RAN-treatment. ChIP-qPCR data show an increased recruitment of H3K4me3, H3K9ac and H3K18ac in the promoter of Securin gene after RAN-exposure
Conclusions
In light of the present results, it seems that RAN-mediated pRb-inactivation induced Securin upregulation, a putative E2F1 target, by inducing misregulation in chromatin remodeling in its promoter region which led to transcriptional activation and subsequently develop chromosomal instability. Therefore, the present results have led to the hypothesis that RAN-induced changes in the epigenetic landscape, Securin overexpression and subsequent elevation of chromosomal instability are probably a by-product of the inactivation of the pRb pathway.
Circulating cell-free mtDNA content is associated with outcome of HCC patients receiving TACE combined with traditional Chinese medicine treatment
Authors: Zhou Guanlin , Li Ying , Li Shicheng , Liu Hongxia , Xu Fei , Lai Xiaohuan , Zhang Qiong , Xu Jingxiang , Wan Shaogui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 70%-85% of liver cancer, and about 85% of HCC are hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) in china. Most patients are already in the middle or late stages of the disease at the time of diagnosis, trans-hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combine with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have been reported as an effective treatment, and effective prognostic molecular markers are helpful to predict therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we aim to explore whether circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) content is associated with the outcome for HCC patients receiving TACE combine with TCM treatment. Method: Retrospective analysis was conducted in a cohort with 141 HBV-HCC patients. Univariate and multivariate analysis was conducted with Cox proportional risk regression model to explore the correlation between ccf-mtDNA content and patient prognosis. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve of ccf-mtDNA content and the survival prognosis of patients. Results: (1) high content of serum ccf-mtDNA is an independent risk factor for the prognosis of HBV-HCC patients treated with TACE combined with TCM adjuvant therapy (HR=4.010, 95%IC=1.252-12.844, P = 0.019). (2) K-M survival analysis showed that patients with high ccf-mtDNA content had poor prognosis (Log Rank P=0.027). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that ccf-mtDNA is a potential novel non-invasive biomarker for prognosis of HCC patients receiving TACE combine with TCM treatment.
Simil-appendicitis presentation may precede cardiac involvement in MIS-C patients
Authors: Trevisan Matteo , Amaddeo Alessandro , Taddio Andrea , Boscarelli Alessandro , Barbi Egidio , Cozzi Giorgio 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a new clinical entity characterized by a systemic hyperinflammation triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents. This condition could potentially involve all organs with main complications concerning cardiovascular system. Despite up to 90% of patients complain gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomit and diarrhea), a presentation mimicking acute appendicitis has rarely been reported, and can be the presenting feature of the disease, potentially leading to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment.Case presentationA 15-year-old boy presented to the Emergency Department for a two-day history of fever, vomiting and mild abdominal pain. One month before, the patient complained ageusia and anosmia while his mother tested positive for Sars-CoV2 nasopharyngeal swab. At admission, laboratory tests showed leukocytosis with lymphopenia and elevation of inflammatory markers, while cardiac enzymes, electrocardiogram and echocardiography were unremarkable. An abdominal ultrasound displayed a thickening of terminal ileus and cecum with ascites. Because of the worsening abdominal pain and a physical examination suggestive of acute appendicitis, a laparoscopy was performed but no surgical condition was found. After surgery, fever and generalized malaise persisted, so a cardiac evaluation was repeated, showing a relevant increase in inflammatory markers and cardiac enzymes. Electrocardiogram demonstrated a QTc prolongation with mild decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction at echocardiogram. A MIS-C was diagnosed and intravenous immunoglobulin along with a steroid treatment started. After 36 hours, the patient presented a complete clinical recovery with fever cessation. Cardiac anomalies normalized in three weeks.ConclusionMIS-C has been defined as a systemic inflammation, involving at least two organs, after a previous SARS-CoV2 infection in children and adolescents. Physicians should be aware that while gastrointestinal manifestations are common, a pseudo appendicitis presentation may also occur, leading to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. This report suggests that in patients with symptoms suggestive of an acute appendicitis, the presence of lymphopenia, hypoalbuminemia and ultrasound images of terminal ileus inflammation, should raise the suspect for MIS-C even without initial overt signs of cardiac involvement.
Microsporidia MB is Found Predominantly Associated with Anopheles Gambiae s.s and Anopheles Coluzzii in Ghana
Authors: Akorli Jewelna , Akorli Esinam , Tetteh Seraphim , Amlalo Godwin , Pwalia Rebecca , Adimazoya Michelle , Atibilla Dorcas , Pi-Bansa Sellase , Chabi Joseph , Dadzie Samuel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A vertically transmitted microsporidian, Microsporidia MB, with the ability to disrupt Plasmodium development was reported in Anopheles arabiensis from Kenya, East Africa. To demonstrate its range of incidence, archived DNA samples from 7575 Anopheles mosquitoes collected from Ghana were screened. MB prevalence was observed at 1.8%. An. gambiae s.s constituted 87% of positive mosquitoes while the remaining were from An. coluzzii. Both sibling species had similar positivity rates (24% and 19%; p= 0.42) despite the significantly higher number of An. gambiae s.s analysed (An. gambiae s.s= 487; An. coluzzii= 94; p= 0.0005). The microsporidian was also more prevalent in field-collected larvae than adults (p< 0.0001) suggestive of an efficient vertical transmission and/or horizontal transfer among larvae. This is the first report of Microsporidia MB in Anopheles mosquitoes in West Africa. It indicates possible widespread among malaria vector species and warrants investigations into the symbiont’s diversity across the sub-Saharan Africa.
The Internet Addiction Test: Factor structure, measurement invariance, and psychometric properties of a six-item version among Spanish women with eating disorders
Authors: Ali Amira Mohammed , Hendawy Amin Omar , Kunugi Hiroshi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Eating disorders and internet addiction are widespread conditions that have considerably increased because of the current lockdown. Their comorbidity is frequently undiscovered, which may increase patients’ distress and hamper recovery. Identifying the constructs of internet addiction may facilitate its detection and management. The Internet Addiction Test is widely used to evaluate internet addiction among students and healthy adults, with less agreement on its dimensional structure.Objectives: To examine the structure of the Internet Addiction Test and its invariance among patients with eating disorders.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses evaluated the structure of the Internet Addiction Test among 123 women with eating disorders (59 women with anorexia nervosa (group 1) and 64 women with other eating disorders (group 2)) recruited from the General University Hospital of Ciudad Real between February and November 2018. Multigroup analysis examined invariance of the Internet Addiction Test across eating disorder groups, and correlation with the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale examined its criterion validity.Results: One factor explained 83.4%, 74.4%, and 87.4% of the variances in the whole sample, group 1, and group 2, with excellent reliability (coefficient alpha = 0.99, 0.98, and 0.99, respectively). In confirmatory factor analysis, two- and bifactor structures (a general factor with two specific factors: Emotional and cognitive preoccupation; Loss of control and interference with daily life) expressed some satisfactory fit in all groups, but they displayed metric and scalar variance—less tendency of women with anorexia nervosa to endorse items 14, 15, and 16. A 12-item version expressed a better fit. However, the six-item Internet Addiction Test expressed the best fit, along with configural and metric invariance across groups, and excellent reliability (coefficient alpha = 0.97, 0.95, and 0.98, respectively). The criterion validity of the Internet Addiction Test, the12-item version, and our six-item version was confirmed by strong positive correlations with the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (r = 0.906, 0.883, and 0.878, respectively).Conclusion: The Internet Addiction Test is a unidimensional or bidimensional measure. The six-item version expresses better fit, less variance, and comparable reliability and criterion validity to the Internet Addiction Test and the 12-item version. Its brevity allows test batteries to include several measures. Scalar variance implies that differences in the properties of the Internet Addiction Test across eating disorder groups may cause statistical differences in group means, which should be considered when conducting interventional studies. Further investigations are intensely needed.