bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical Ni3S2 nanorod@nanosheet arrays on Ni foam for high-performance supercapacitor
Authors: Sun Haibin , Liang Shuangshuang , Xu Zijun , Zheng Wenrui , Liu Xiaoyu , Zhang Chao , Gao Shasha , Ji Zhichao , Liu Shenghong , Xie Wenhe 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We successfully designed and prepared hierarchical Ni3S2 nanorod@nanosheet arrays on three-dimensional Ni foam via facile hydrothermal sulfuration. We conducted a series of time- and temperature-dependent experiments to determine the Ostwald ripening process of hierarchical Ni3S2 nanorod@nanosheet arrays. The rationally hierarchical architecture creates an excellent supercapacitor electrode for Ni3S2 nanorod@nanosheet arrays. The areal capacitance of this array reaches 5.5 F cm−2 at 2 mA cm−2, which is much higher than that of Ni3S2 nanosheet arrays (1.5 F cm−2). The corresponding asymmetric supercapacitor exhibits a wide potential window of 1.6 V and energy density up to 1.0 Wh cm−2 when the proposed array is utilized as the positive electrode with activated carbon as the negative electrode. This electrochemical performance enhancement is attributable to the hierarchical structure and synergistic cooperation of macroporous Ni foam and well-aligned Ni3S2 nanorod@nanosheet arrays. Our results represent a promising approach to the preparation of hierarchical nanorod@nanosheet arrays as high-performing electrochemical capacitors.
Phase evolution of all-inorganic perovskite nanowires during its growth from quantum dots
Authors: M A Gokul , Rahman Atikur 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
All-inorganic lead-halide perovskites have emerged as an exciting material owing to their excellent optoelectronic properties and high stability over hybrid organometallic perovskites. Nanowires of these materials, in particular, have shown great promise for optoelectronic applications due to their high optical absorption coefficient and low defect state density. However, the synthesis of the most promising alpha-Cesium lead iodide (α-CsPbI3) nanowires is challenging as it is metastable and spontaneously converts to a non-perovskite δ-phase. The hot-injection method is one of the most facile, well-controlled, and commonly used approaches for synthesizing CsPbX3 nanostructures. But the exact mechanism of growing these nanowires in this technique is not clear. Here, we show that the hot-injection method produces photoactive phases of quantum dots (QDs) and nanowires of CsPbBr3, and QDs of CsPbI3, but CsPbI3 nanowires are grown in their non-perovskite δ-phase. Monitoring the nanowire growth during the hot-injection technique and through detailed characterization, we establish that CsPbI3 nanowires are formed in the non-perovskite phase from the beginning rather than transforming after its growth from perovskite to a non-perovskite phase. We have discussed a possible mechanism of how non-perovskite nanowires of CsPbI3 grow at the expense of photoactive perovskite QDs. Our findings will help to synthesize nanostructures of all-inorganic perovskites with desired phases, which is essential for successful technological applications.
Characteristics of hemolysins from pathogenic bacteria in tropical aquaculture: an in-silico study
Authors: Syahidah Dewi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Some species of known pathogenic bacteria isolates in tropical aquaculture produces hemolysin. Hemolysin can be identified based on its ability to break down red blood cells in vitro. Some hemolysin is a pore-shaped poison that can damage cell membranes and kill host cells. The character of the 13 sequences of hemolysin protein in several pathogenic bacterial isolates in tropical aquaculture was analysed using the NCBI protein bioinformatics database. The phylogenetic tree was generated, and the analysis was conducted using the base character method (Maximum Parsimony) of Mega 6.06 software. The result showed that there are two big family of hemolysin from the known pathogenic bacteria. The closest characteristics of protein sequences were hemolysin of Streptococcus agalacticae and of S. iniae.
Effect of water salinity on survival and osmotic level of larval (Zoea Stage) of mud crabs Scylla tranquebarica
Authors: Herlinah  , Sulaeman  , Gunarto  , Parenrengi A , Rosmiati  
Published: November 2021

AbstractMud crab of the genus Scylla are considered one of the most sought-after seafood today. This crab species has high quality and delicious aging growth rate and encourage expansion in the aquaculture sector especially in Southeast Asian Countries. However, salinity changes will cause changes in organisms osmotic pressure, and every aquatic biota has an optimal salinity range for survival. The study focuses on evaluating the effect of water salinity on the survival and osmotic levels of the purple mud crab, larvae ofScylla tranquebaricaat the zoea stage. The LC50 assessment was performed in 10 different level of water salinity (0; 5; 10; 15; 20; 25; 30; 35, 40, and 50 ppt). Each treatment involved 20 ind./L of newly hatched crabs and being observed for 24 h in 10 different water salinity using 1 L volume glass container. The number of crab’s mortality were taken for each salinity regime. Larval behavior monitored during experiment. Meanwhile, the measurement of osmotic level was carried out at the salinity of 25, 30, and 35 ppt. The result shows that mud crab larvae exhibit any tolerance on the low salinity ranged from 0-10 ppt and the salinity of > 40 ppt. On the other hand, mud crab larvae were still able to survive at the salinity ranged from 20-40 ppt for more than 24 hours. The trend of the osmotic level of mud crab to survive is by hypo osmotic to iso osmotic.
The content of heavy metals in the water of Lake Gusinoe (Western Transbaikalia) and its tributaries
Authors: Bazarzhapov Tc Zh , Shiretorova V G , Radnaeva L D , Suocheng Dong , Zehong Li , Tulokhonov A K 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Investigation of the transformation of substances in the basin of the Selenga River, the main tributary of Lake Baikal, due to anthropogenic impact under conditions of global climate change, is especially important for Lake Baikal which is a World Natural Heritage Site and the main source of fresh drinking water not only in the region, but also in the world. One of the key research objects in the Selenga River basin, which is subject to significant anthropogenic impact, is the ecosystem of Lake Gusinoe. This study presents the results of analysis of the physical and chemical parameters of the water mass of Gusinoe Lake basin. for the period from 2017 to 2020. Thus, the results on hydrochemical indicators for a long-term period of research of the lake show changes in the chemical composition of water and the concentration of main ions. In 2020, the content of almost all metals was higher than in 2017-2020, which may be due to the rise in the level of Lake Gusinoe and groundwater that began in 2019 and continued in 2020, as a result of rain floods that caused flooding of the coastal territories and the entry of pollutants into watercourses and the lake.
Information and computational technologies for research of natural recovery of vegetation cover
Authors: Ozaryan Y A , Kozhevnikova T V , Manzhula I S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The processes of natural recovery of biota in the area disturbed by mining enterprises of the Khabarovsk region have been investigated. The specifics of the formation of secondary phytocenoses on man-made tumors have been revealed. Cluster analysis methods are used as an instrument to identify the key parameters that affect the state of vegetation during natural recovery.
Euryale ferox Salisb. and Nuphar japonica DC. (Nymphaeaceae) micromorphology study from the Amur region
Authors: Ju Tsyrenova D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of a micromorphological study of two species of nymphaeans, Euryale ferox Salisb. and Nuphar japonica DC, fam. Nymphaeaceae Salisb. Detailed descriptions of the leaf blade and petiole are given. The main histological and topographic complexes and their proportions, and the histochemical features have been determined.
Reshapeable, rehealable and recyclable sensor fabricated by direct ink writing of conductive composites based on covalent adaptable network polymers
Authors: He Xu , Lin Yuchen , Ding Yuchen , Abdullah Arif M , Lei Zepeng , Han Yubo , Shi Xiaojuan , Zhang Wei , Yu Kai 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Covalent adaptable network (CAN) polymers doped with conductive nanoparticles are an ideal candidate to create reshapeable, rehealable, and fully recyclable electronics. On the other hand, 3D printing as a deterministic manufacturing method has a significant potential to fabricate electronics with low cost and high design freedom. In this paper, we incorporate a conductive composite consisting of polyimine CAN and multi-wall carbon nanotubes into direct-ink-writing 3D printing to create polymeric sensors with outstanding reshaping, repairing, and recycling capabilities. The developed printable ink exhibits good printability, conductivity, and recyclability. The conductivity of printed polyimine composites is investigated at different temperatures and deformation strain levels. Their shape-reforming and Joule heating-induced interfacial welding effects are demonstrated and characterized. Finally, a temperature sensor is 3D printed with defined patterns of conductive pathways, which can be easily mounted onto 3D surfaces, repaired after damage, and recycled using solvents. The sensing capability of printed sensors is maintained after the repairing and recycling. Overall, the 3D printed reshapeable, rehealable, and recyclable sensors possess complex geometry and extend service life, which assist in the development of polymer-based electronics toward broad and sustainable applications.
Improving delirium screening and recognition in UK hospitals: results of a multi-centre quality improvement project
Authors:   Geriatric Medicine Research Collaborative
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
delirium is an acute severe neuropsychiatric condition associated with adverse outcomes, particularly in older adults. However, it is frequently under-recognised.

Methods
this multi-centre quality improvement project utilised a collaborative approach to implementation of changes at sites, with the aim to improve delirium screening, recognition and documentation on discharge summaries. Resources, including delirium guidelines and presentations, were shared between sites, and broad details of local interventions were collected. Three timepoints of data collection (14 March 2018, 14 September 2018 and 13 March 2019) were conducted to assess screening, recognition and documentation of delirium in unscheduled admissions of adults aged ≥65 years old. The impact of local interventions and site-specific factors was assessed using logistic regression analysis, adjusting for patient factors.

Results
a total of 3,013 patients (mean age 80.2, 53.8% females) were recruited across the three timepoints. Screening for delirium was associated with increased odds of recognition (aOR 4.75, CI 2.98–7.56; P &lt; 0.001); this was not affected by grade/profession of screener. Rates of screening, recognition and discharge documentation improved across the three timepoints of data collection. The presence of a local delirium specialist team was associated with increased rates of screening for delirium (aOR 1.75, CI 1.41–2.18; P &lt; 0.001), and the presence of a geriatric medicine team embedded into the admissions unit was associated with increased recognition rates (aOR 1.78, CI 1.09–2.92; P = 0.022).

Conclusion
delirium screening is associated with improved recognition. Interventions that strive to improve screening within a culture of delirium awareness are encouraged.
Roundtable Discussion: Making Sense of Current Liposuction Technologies
Authors: Cook Jonathan , Pozner Jason N , Turer David M , DiBernardo Barry E , Bharti Gaurav , Kortesis Bill , Duncan Diane I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Suction-assisted lipectomy (or “liposuction”) is a fundamental technique for all plastic surgeons, and like many procedures in aesthetic surgery, its applications are continuing to evolve. With the rapid introduction of new technologies, many plastic surgeons are left with questions about how these new devices work, what results to expect, and how to best apply these technologies in their practice. We recognized that there is a need for unbiased recommendations to guide surgeons on how to approach current liposuction devices (as well as their adjuncts) and how to use them effectively for their patients. Using available literature and personal experience, we answer the most common questions that we hear from our plastic surgery colleagues.
Social work, Max Weber and ethical irrationality
Authors: Morley Louise 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe tension between organisational demands and the substantive aspects of social work practice can pose a significant challenge for social workers because their professional positioning places them in the middle of what appear to be conflicting and irreconcilable demands, especially in contexts where organisational accountability seems to dominate practice. Although the implications of this tension have been discussed within the social work literature, the specific characteristics have not received much attention. This article explores this tension by drawing on Max Weber’s concept of ‘ethical irrationality’. Ethical irrationality refers to the historical and cultural conditions that have made way for the tension between formal and substantive rationality and how these qualities have the potential to shape and even distort ethical conduct. In an ethically irrational world, ethical conduct involves risk and uncertainty and, for ethical agents, this often means resorting to using risky means to achieve ethical ends. This issue is particularly relevant for social workers in statutory contexts where professional ethics require practitioners to engage with and challenge organisational norms and procedures. A conceptual tool aimed to assist practitioners in managing this tension is developed.
Influence of gonadal steroids on cortical surface area in infancy
Authors: Alex Ann Mary , Ruvio Tom , Xia Kai , Jha Shaili C , Girault Jessica B , Wang Li , Li Gang , Shen Dinggang , Cornea Emil , Styner Martin A , Gilmore John H , Knickmeyer Rebecca C 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSex differences in the human brain emerge as early as mid-gestation and have been linked to sex hormones, particularly testosterone. Here, we analyzed the influence of markers of early sex hormone exposure (polygenic risk score (PRS) for testosterone, salivary testosterone, number of CAG repeats, digit ratios, and PRS for estradiol) on the growth pattern of cortical surface area in a longitudinal cohort of 722 infants. We found PRS for testosterone and right-hand digit ratio to be significantly associated with surface area, but only in females. PRS for testosterone at the most stringent P value threshold was positively associated with surface area development over time. Higher right-hand digit ratio, which is indicative of low prenatal testosterone levels, was negatively related to surface area in females. The current work suggests that variation in testosterone levels during both the prenatal and postnatal period may contribute to cortical surface area development in female infants.
Imbalance in functional and structural connectivity underlying goal-directed and habitual learning systems in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Xu Chuanyong , Hou Gangqiang , He Tingxin , Ruan Zhongqiang , Chen Jierong , Wei Zhen , Seger Carol A , Chen Qi , Peng Ziwen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn imbalance between the goal-directed and habitual learning systems has been proposed to underlie compulsivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In addition, the overall balance between these systems may be influenced by stress hormones. We examined the multimodal networks underlying these dual learning systems. Both functional and structural measures indicated reduced connectivity within the goal-directed subnetwork (FC: P = 0.042; SC–FN: P = 0.014) and reduced connectivity between the goal-directed and habitual subnetworks (FC: P = 0.014; SC–FA: P = 0.052), but no differences within the habitual subnetwork in patients with OCD compared with controls. Path modeling indicated that anatomical connectivity in the goal-directed subnetwork influenced compulsive symptoms (R2 = 0.41), whereas functional connectivity within the habit subnetwork and between goal-directed and habitual subnetworks influenced obsessive symptoms (R2 = 0.63). In addition, the relationship between anatomical connectivity in the goal-directed subnetwork and compulsion was moderated by the stress hormone ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), such that at low levels of ACTH greater connectivity resulted in lower compulsion, but at high levels of ACTH this relationship was reversed. These results provide new insights into the neural correlates of the imbalance between dual learning systems, and their relationship with symptom dimensions in patients with OCD. It may further support the reconceptualization of OCD as “compulsive–obsessive disorder,” with a greater focus on the transdiagnostic dimension of compulsivity.
Syphilis Testing and Diagnosis Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Engaged in Care at 4 US Clinical Sites, 2014-2018
Authors: Menza Timothy W , Berry Stephen A , Dombrowski Julie , Cachay Edward , Dionne-Odom Jodie , Christopoulos Katerina , Crane Heidi M , Kitahata Mari M , Mayer Kenneth H 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Despite rising rates of syphilis among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) in the United States, there is no optimal syphilis screening frequency or prioritization.

Methods
We reviewed records of all PWH in care between 1 January 2014 and 16 November 2018 from 4 sites in the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems Cohort (CNICS; N = 8455). We calculated rates of syphilis testing and incident syphilis and used Cox proportional hazards models modified for recurrent events to examine demographic and clinical predictors of testing and diagnosis.

Results
Participants contributed 29 568 person-years of follow-up. The rate of syphilis testing was 118 tests per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 117–119). The rate of incident syphilis was 4.7 cases per 100 person-years (95% CI: 4.5–5.0). Syphilis diagnosis rates were highest among younger cisgender men who have sex with men and transgender women, Hispanic individuals, people who inject drugs, and those with detectable HIV RNA, rectal infections, and hepatitis C.

Conclusions
We identified PWH who may benefit from more frequent syphilis testing and interventions for syphilis prevention.
Cardiovascular changes in young renal failure patients
Authors: Tøndel Camilla , Marti Hans-Peter 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Progresses in medical care of severe kidney disease and congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract make it possible for a higher percentage of young renal failure patients to survive and enter adulthood. There is thus an increasing need to focus on the long-term effects of severely reduced kidney function early in life. Cardiovascular changes are known to contribute considerably in adulthood to the severe complications of renal failure. In young chronic kidney disease patients, there is limited knowledge of subclinical cardiovascular disease. In this issue of Clinical Kidney Journal, Lalayiannis et al. describe significant structural and functional cardiovascular changes in a young cohort of kidney failure patients with glomerular filtration rate &lt;30 mL/min/1.73 m2. Among the 100 patients between 5 and 30 years of age included in the study, 84 presented with signs of cardiovascular disease. There is a need for long-term follow-up data on cardiovascular consequences of renal failure early in life and evaluation of prophylactic and therapeutic measures that can ameliorate the overall prognosis for these patients. We look forward to planned future long-term data from this cohort as well as increased focus in general on cardiovascular changes in young renal failure patients.
Inter-sexual multimodal communication during mating in wild geladas: the leading role of females
Authors: Zanoli Anna , Gamba Marco , Lemasson Alban , Norscia Ivan , Palagi Elisabetta 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Female primates can emit vocalizations associated with mating that can function as honest signals of fertility. Here, we investigated the role of mating calls and visual signals in female geladas (Theropithecus gelada). Because females have a central role in the gelada society and seem to solicit sexual interactions, we answered whether they emit vocalizations in conjunction with gazing to increase mating success probability. Before and during copulations, females can emit pre-copulation calls and copulation calls. For the first time, we identified a new female vocalization emitted at the final stage of copulations (end-copulation call), possibly marking the occurrence of ejaculation. We found that longer pre-copulation call sequences were followed by both prolonged copulations and the presence of end-copulation calls, thus suggesting that females use pre-copulation calls to ensure successful copula completion. Moreover, we found that different combinations of female vocal types and gazing had different effects on male vocal behavior and motivation to complete the copula. The analysis of the vocal and visual signals revealed a complex inter-sexual multimodal chattering with the leading role of females in the signal exchange. Such chattering, led by females, modulates male sexual arousal, thus increasing the probability of the copula success.
Creating a better journey of care for patients with heart valve disease
Authors: Sitges Marta , Borregaard Britt , De Paulis Ruggero , Nolan Paul , Woan Wil , Pearce Keith , Näumann Jens , Johnson Neil , Wait Suzanne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHeart valve disease has been described as ‘the next cardiac epidemic’, with prevalence expected to double by 2040 and triple by 2060 due to the ageing of the population. Yet until now, it has been characterized by scarce data, limited research, and low general awareness compared with other cardiovascular diseases. Effective treatment options exist for heart valve disease, and early detection and treatment can dramatically change disease progression, improve quality of life, and reduce mortality. Unfortunately, in too many patients, heart valve disease is undetected, undiagnosed, untreated, or treated too late, leading to avoidable deaths and costs, and significant compromises to people’s quality of life. These gaps in the patient pathway can be remedied through appropriate policy action, with a focus on: early detection and diagnosis; timely intervention; patient-centred follow-up care; patient engagement and empowerment; psychological support; and better data to guide practice. Ensuring all patients have access to appropriate diagnosis and care without delays is imperative as we look towards rebuilding stronger and more resilient health systems, and ‘build back better’ after the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic.