bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of new chelating agents on ocular abnormalities in β-thalassemia major patients
Authors: Abo-Zied Saad S. , Elgemaey Hosam M. , Abd-Aal Hala M. 
Published: November 2021

Objectives
The objectives of this study were to assess ocular changes in β-thalassemia major patients who have received multiple transfusions and different chelating agents.

Patients and methods
A cross-sectional study of 90 β-thalassemia major patients from age group 14 to 24 years were selected as case group, and 90 age-matched and sex-matched healthy participants were considered as a control group. Full medical history and thorough physical examinations were done to all patient groups. Ocular examination, including visual acuity, refraction testing, slit-lamp examination, funduscopy, tonometry, perimetry, tear-breakup time test, and color-vision testing, was performed for all the participants. We computed the frequency and duration of blood transfusion, the mean serum ferritin level, pretransfusion hemoglobin concentration, the type, duration, and daily dose of chelation therapy for thalassemia patients based on their records.

Results
All thalassemic patients were asymptomatic, but abnormal ocular findings [dry eye (13.3%), cataract (10%), retinal changes (16.7%), color-vision deficiency (3.33%), ocular hypertension (6.67%), and visual acuity (8.88%)] were seen in 58.9% of thalassemic group. The prevalence of ocular abnormalities in the control group was 19.4%, which was significantly lower than that in thalassemia patients (P=0.000). No significant correlation was found between ocular abnormalities and mean serum ferritin level (P=0.627) and mean hemoglobin concentration (P=0.143). A positive correlation between the number of blood transfusions with the presence of ocular abnormalities was found to be statistically significant (P=0.005).

Recommendations
As life expectancy for β-thalassemia patients extends, regular ophthalmologic evaluation to detect early changes in their ocular system is recommended.
NÂNG CAO CHẤT LƯỢNG ĐÀO TẠO NGUỒN NHÂN LỰC CỦA TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CÔNG NGHIỆP THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH TRONG BỐI CẢNH HỘI NHẬP
Authors: KIM HOA LÊ THỊ , QUANG HÀ TRỌNG 
Published: November 2021

Nâng cao chất lượng đào tạo nguồn nhân lực của trường Đại học Công nghiệp Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (IUH) trên cơ sở xuất phát từ những tiềm năng, thế mạnh trong đào tạo của nhà trường về đội ngũ giảng viên, tổ chức quản lý đào tạo, cơ sở vật chất phục vụ đào tạo, đánh giá kết quả học tập,... Trên cơ sở phân tích thực trạng chất lượng nguồn nhân lực của IUH trong thời gian qua, từ đó nhận diện các yếu tố ảnh hưởng tới chất lượng đào tạo nguồn nhân lực tại IUH, góp phần định hướng, xây dựng các giải pháp nâng cao chất lượng đào tạo nguồn nhân lực của IUH trong bối cảnh hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế, khu vực và toàn cầu.
African Traditional Religion in Contemporary Africa: The Case of Ghana
Authors: Agyeman Yaw Sarkodie , Awuah-Nyamekye Samuel 
Published: November 2021

Globalisation does not permit any religion to be an island to itself. Indigenous cultures all over the world bear the brunt of a consequent of globalisation--religious pluralism. On the continent of Africa, the five major world religions, notably Christianity and Islam, are slugging it out against each other and, most of the time, collectively against the indigenous religion of the African. Besides the challenges religious pluralism poses to the indigenous religion, Africa, like never before is being opened up for investment and the intrusion of the mass media and the internet. This paper is a general survey examining how the traditional religion of the African is responding to these realities using Ghana as a case study. It aims at an understanding of the current manifestation/s of the religion. The paper observes that syncretism has been used to analyse the current expression of the religion, but the paper takes the position that syncretism is not an adequate theory to explain current developments in the religion. It rather, advocates thetheories of the market and religious field as additional theories to explain current developments in the religious space in Africa, and for that matter, Ghana. The paper notes that though there is competition in the market, especially from impinging religions especially Christianity and Islam, opportunities have been opened to the indigenous religion making it to assume a transnational posture. It concludes that the future of African Traditional Religion will largely depend on its ability to respond to market realities in order to be continuously relevant to contemporary society.
Impacto de la evolución de la superficie urbana edificada en el escurrimiento superficial de la ciudad de Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina: un escenario de simulación con HEC-RAS
Authors: La Macchia María Lorena , Linares Santiago 
Published: November 2021

El siguiente artículo forma parte de una investigación en curso que estudia y profundiza los procesos que intervienen en la modelización hidrodinámica de una cuenca urbana. Este concepto parte de considerar la construcción de un modelo hidrológico que tiene en cuenta principalmente la superficie de drenaje y un modelo hidráulico definido por las características y parámetros de la infraestructura que presenta la cuenca.
En los últimos diez años, los modelos hidrológicos han sido cada vez más utilizados para evaluar, comprender y analizar la dinámica de escurrimiento en los sistemas de cuencas posibilitando la predicción de escenarios a corto y mediano plazo a partir de la simulación de eventos de diferentes intensidades e implicancias socioespaciales.El objetivo de este trabajo es construir un modelo matemático de modelización de crecidas para la cuenca urbana de la ciudad de Tandil mediante la herramienta HEC-RAS. Los parámetros que definen la construcción del modelo numérico dependen de la topografía o Modelo Digital del Terreno, la red de drenaje, los modelos de expansión urbana que fijaron la configuración territorial actual del espacio urbano, los coeficientes de rugosidad diferenciando las zonificaciones dentro de la ciudad y el caudal de lluvia determinado por su intensidad y velocidad. En este caso, la única variable “input” que no se utilizó fue la red geométrica de drenaje. A partir de la herramienta implementada fue posible realizar simulaciones para los años 1996 y 2011. Su análisis permitió conocer el efecto de los cambios de coberturas del suelo en el escurrimiento superficial, indispensable para evaluar y recomendar políticas de gestión y planificación de algunos factores como por ejemplo, el tratamiento, mantenimiento y extensión de la red de desagües pluviales, restricciones a la densificación en la edificación, generación de nuevos espacios verdes que actúen como amortiguadores de infiltración, entre otras medidas semiestructurales a la planificación urbana vigente.
Eficacia de las sanciones impuestas para la prevención y control del coronavirus en el Distrito de Tarapoto
Authors: Siaden Valdivieso José Roberto , Morales Reátegui María Pettit 
Published: November 2021

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo general conocer la eficacia de las sanciones impuestas para la prevención y control del coronavirus, es de tipo no experimental con enfoque cuantitativo, nivel descriptivo simple, diseño de investigación No experimental descriptivo simple, teniendo como población las personas que incumplieron el Estado de Emergencia registrados por la Policial Nacional del Perú del Distrito de Tarapoto, con la muestra probabilística 275 personas, teniendo como instrumentos la lista de cotejo y la encuesta para aquellas personas que tuvieron infracciones a la Ley, concluyendo que realizada la prueba de Spearman se aprecia que acepta la hipótesis eficacia de las sanciones impuestas para la prevención y control del coronavirus es baja, contestando el planteamiento del problema en la presente investigación y en donde se muestra que el código A01 que es de no respetar el mínimo de un metro de distancia obligatorio, formando aglomeraciones en los establecimientos comerciales cuya apertura esté permitida fue el más frecuente con 46.91 %.
La Reforma Constitucional en el Perú
Authors: Cumpa Quiroz Bismarck Segundo 
Published: November 2021

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar fundamentalmente los artículos 32 y 206 de la Constitución Política del Perú que considera procedimientos generales para llegar a una reforma de la constitución, ya sea parcial o total con sometimiento a referéndum; pero, en esta oportunidad, se discutió la “reforma total” teniendo en cuenta que, actualmente el país se encuentra en proceso de Elecciones Presidenciales y varios de los candidatos vienen proponiendo el “cambio de Constitución” sin mayores detalles del cómo se llevaría a cabo, salvo que, en su oportunidad lo expliquen. La discusión planteada como objetivo, ayudó a conocer el procedimiento para obtener finalmente después de veintiocho años una nueva carta política, y por, sobre todo, si es conveniente llevarlo a cabo con el actual ambiente político, social y jurídico que vive el Estado peruano. El mismo Congreso, que es el actor principal para llevar a cabo la institución jurídica de reforma total de la Constitución, se ve imposibilitada de realizarla debido principalmente a las múltiples inconductas funcionales evidenciadas por algunos congresistas, Congreso disuelto, vacancia presidencial, así como, los graves hechos de corrupción que hasta la fecha vienen generándose con participación directa de ellos mismos y de los propios gobernantes que venimos teniendo desde 1990 a la fecha, creándose un clima político turbulento, quedando hasta ahora como un tema pendiente. Se concluye que la Constitución es suficientemente clara en materia de los procedimientos a seguir para llevar a cabo una reforma constitucional.
La colisión entre la justicia comunal y la justicia ordinaria, en el delito de tenencia ilegal de armas de fuego en la etnia Awajún
Authors: Bardales del Aguila Lionel 
Published: November 2021

El estudio tiene como propósito analizar la colisión de la justicia comunal entre la etnia Awajún y la justicia ordinaria, el mismo se desarrolla en la provincia de Rioja, región San Martín. La investigación es de tipo aplicada y descriptiva, la población y muestra de estudio la conformaron 458 pobladores Awajun, a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta; se entrevistó a cinco Apus (Jefes) de las comunidades nativas y a siete autoridades vinculadas con la justicia ordinaria, asimismo; se analizaron expedientes y sentencias aplicadas sobre el tema vinculado al derecho penal positivo y la aplicación de la eximente sobre error culturalmente condicionado en el caso A1. Los resultados indican: Que el 91% de los pobladores Awajún utilizan armas de fuego con fines de caza y seguridad, formando parte de su costumbre y tradición. Los Apus, afirman que los pobladores no conocen los procedimientos sobre el registro de armas de fuego. El 96% de pobladores prefiere la justicia comunal y el 70% cree que la tenencia de armas de fuego debe resolverlo la justicia indígena. En conclusión, pese a los esfuerzos de las autoridades judiciales de la región San Martín por establecer políticas de coordinación entre ambos sistemas de justicia; las contradicciones y conflictos persisten, motivados generalmente por la prevalencia del monismo jurídico y la concepción positivista de los operadores de justicia.
La relación entre la aplicación del principio de oportunidad y el delito de omisión a la asistencia familiar, en la Primera Fiscalía Provincial Penal Corporativa de Tarapoto, 2019
Authors: Velásquez Caro Xina Clara 
Published: November 2021

El presente estudio tiene como finalidad determinar cuál es la relación existente entre la aplicación del principio de oportunidad y el delito de omisión a la asistencia familiar; en la Primera Fiscalía Provincial Penal Corporativa de Tarapoto, 2019. La investigación realizada es de tipo aplicada, nivel explicativo, diseño no experimental; donde la muestra de estudio estuvo conformada por 73 carpetas fiscales; aplicando como técnicas de recojo de información el análisis documental y como instrumento la ficha de análisis documental; siendo las variables sometidas al estudio: el principio de oportunidad y el delito de omisión a la asistencia familiar, a fin de determinar cuál era la relación existente entre ambas, las mismas que dieron como resultado: alta y significada, definida por el estadístico del correlacional de Pearson que asume un valor de 0.814 con un nivel de significancia de 0.01, y asimismo muestran que la aplicación del principio de oportunidad en los casos de omisión a la asistencia Familiar logra un 100% de efectividad del pago, es decir que aproximadamente 8 de cada 10 casos se cumple con el pago de las pensiones adeudadas de forma inmediata y total, existiendo solo una suerte de no uniformidad respecto a las características de quienes se encuentran en calidad de imputados en el delito de omisión a la asistencia familiar.
Medication Administration With Inhalers or Nebulizers
Authors: Than Khai , Grobelna Aleksandra 
Published: November 2021

Delivery of medication via metered-dose inhalers to children or adults with asthma, or adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at emergency departments or intensive care units, may be as effective as nebulizers in terms of clinical parameters and health care resource use.
Limited data on adverse events showed no significant differences between metered-dose inhalers and nebulizers.
No evidence was found on the clinical effectiveness of dry powder inhalers in comparison with nebulizers or metered-dose inhalers.
No evidence was found on the cost-effectiveness of medication administration via metered-dose inhalers, nebulizers, or dry powder inhalers in comparison with each other.
No evidence-based guidelines with recommendations regarding the comparative use of metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, or nebulizers for administration of medication were identified.
Risperidone for Extended-Release Injectable Suspension (Perseris)
Authors: Reimbursement Team  
Published: November 2021

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses risperidone for extended-release injectable suspension (Perseris), powder for suspension, 90 mg or 120 mg subcutaneous injection.
Indication: Treatment of schizophrenia in adults.
Mobile phone surveys
Authors: Vehovar Vasja , Belak Eva , Batagelj Zenel , Čikić Sanja 
Published: November 2021

In 2004, the number of mobile phone subscriptions in Slovenia reached the total number of inhabitants. Consequently, the fixed telephone coverage has started to decline; almost 10% of households are now available only over the mobile phone. With this, Slovenia positions itself as a typical EU country and can serve as a case study for issues related to mobile phone interview surveys. The paper addresses the general context of mobile phone usage and the calculations of mobile phone coverage rates. It also discusses the non-coverage problems related to mobile and mobile-only households. It is shown, that even with a relatively small non-coverage the corresponding estimates can be considerably biased, as in the case of the unemployment rate in the Slovenian Labour Force Survey. There are severe methodological problems with mobile phone interview surveys. In particular, a pilot mobile phone survey confirmed the disadvantages of costs, frames and response rates, at least when compared to fixed telephone surveys. In addition, the response rates are dramatically lower for less intensive mobile phone users. The comparisons of respondents in mobile phone surveys with the corresponding sub-samples in Labour Force Surveys and in fixed telephone surveys revealed some specific discrepancies in the socio-demographic structure. Due to non-coverage, the respondents in the mobile phone survey tend to be younger, higher educated, from larger households and are represented by a larger share of males. The non-response mechanism can additionally reinforce these effects (e.g, gender), however it can also cancel them (e.g., age, household size). Special complexity arises from the diverse effects of the non-response components (refusal vs. non-contact). According to their attitudes towards mobile phone use, mobile phone users compose three distinct segments (intensive pragmatic and emotional users, less intensive users) that may behave differentially also during the mobile phone survey process.
Synthesis method of two translational compliant mechanisms with redundant actuation
Authors: Li Shihua , Zhou Yajie , Shan Yanxia , Chen Shuang , Han Jinhan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. In the fields of electronic packaging, micromanipulation, scanning, and two
translational (2T) mechanisms are required, especially with high stiffness,
for a large workspace, with good driving stability, and other occasions. Redundant actuators are required to improve the performance of the 2T compliant parallel mechanism. The novelty of the work is to propose a new method for the type synthesis of a 2T redundant actuated compliant parallel mechanism based on the freedom and constraint topology (FACT) approach and the atlas approach. The synthesis conditions are given, and the synthesis process is formulated. With this method, new 2T redundant actuated compliant parallel mechanisms are synthesized. Some new mechanisms have been synthesized, which enriches the compliant parallel mechanism configurations. Based on the atlas method, the synthesized mechanism is analyzed. The results verify the correctness and effective of the synthesis method. The method is also suitable for a type of synthesis of redundant actuated compliant parallel mechanisms with 3, 4, 5, and 6 degrees of freedom (DOF), respectively.
Anaerobic corrosion of carbon steel in compacted bentonite exposed to natural Opalinus clay porewater: Bentonite alteration study
Authors: Morelová Nikoleta , Dardenne Kathy , Finck Nicolas , Heberling Frank , Metz Volker , Schild Dieter , Geckeis Horst , Diomidis Nikitas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Carbon steel is a potential canister material for the disposal of high-level
radioactive waste in deep geological repositories in clays and clay
rocks. Bentonite is considered as a potential backfill material for those
multi-barrier systems. To predict the long-term performance and for safety assessment the knowledge
of canister corrosion behavior is important. The corrosion products formed and
mineralogically altered bentonite at the canister/bentonite interface can
potentially provide an additional barrier against radionuclide migration. In-situ corrosion experiments were performed at the Mont Terri underground
research laboratory. Coupons of carbon steel were embedded in Volclay MX-80
bentonite with controlled densities, installed in a borehole under simulated
repository and anaerobic conditions and exposed to natural Opalinus clay
porewater for a period up to 5.5 years (Smart et al., 2017). In the present
study, the bentonite layer at the canister/bentonite interface was
characterized by complementary microscopic and spectroscopic techniques (XPS,
SEM-EDX, µXANES) under anoxic conditions. The interface revealed reddish-brown staining up to 2 mm depth into
the bentonite in the zone adjacent to the steel in all three obtained
samples. The XPS analysis revealed formation of sulfides at the interface
consisting of iron and other trace metals present in the steel. The SEM-EDX
analyses of the interface (embedded cross-cut with steel removed) showed
different degrees of calcium enrichment in the bentonite adjacent to the metal
for various samples. The µXRF analysis performed on the bentonite at the interface
showed a scarce or distinct calcium-enriched rim up to 100 µm into
the bentonite and iron-enriched rim depending on the sample (one sample in
Fig. 1), while µXANES analysis revealed formation of iron silicate
compounds in the reacted reddish-brown zone. The iron appears to displace
calcium from the interlayer sites in montmorillonite. The calcium then
precipitates at the interface as calcite. The extent of this process seems to
be strongly related to the bentonite density. The steel coupon was removed
prior to embedding, with the location marked as resin in Fig. 1. A line scan
from the edge towards the bulk bentonite did not indicate any systematic
gradient in the Fe2+/3+ ratio. The formation of mixed
Fe2+/3+ silicate compounds appears to be heterogeneous. This work contributes to an increasing understanding of steel corrosion
mechanisms in clay, which can improve the robustness of canister lifetime
predictions.
Geochemical benchmark tests to validate the conversion of thermodynamic data for TOUGHREACT
Authors: Weyand Torben , Seher Holger , Bracke Guido 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. According to the ongoing site selection process for a repository for
high-level radioactive waste in Germany, rock salt, clay and crystalline rock
are possible host rocks. The pore water of these rocks contains saline
solutions with high ionic strengths. To model the speciation and/or migration
of radionuclides in long-term safety analyses for nuclear waste disposal, a
geochemical code that includes thermodynamic data suitable for saline
solutions is needed. Thermodynamic equilibrium in saline solutions with high
ionic strengths is usually modelled using the Pitzer approach (Pitzer,
1991). Within the context of nuclear waste disposal, the THEREDA project (Moog et
al., 2015) provides thermodynamic data for some widely used geochemical codes
(PHREEQC, Geochemist's Workbench, ChemApp, and EQ 3/6) using the Pitzer
approach; however, for modelling in long-term safety analyses for nuclear
waste disposal, another geochemical code, TOUGHREACT, is used. Therefore,
scripts were developed to convert thermodynamic data of the THEREDA project to
be applicable in TOUGHREACT. The scripts were validated by benchmark tests and by comparing calculations
using PHREEQC and TOUGHREACT (Weyand et al., 2021). In total, 50 different
benchmark tests were performed considering 3 specific geochemical systems,
which are relevant to long-term safety analyses: (1) oceanic salt system,
polythermal: K, Mg, Ca, Cl, SO4, H2O(l), (2) actinide system,
isothermal: Am(III), Cm(III), Nd(III), Na, Mg, Ca, Cl, OH, H2O(l) and
(3) carbonate system, isothermal: Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cl, SO4,
HCO3/CO2(g), H2O(l). Each benchmark test considered specific
ion concentrations in solution and in gaseous phases in the presence of
specific minerals. The benchmark tests derived the geochemical equilibria and
the results of both codes were compared to each other and to experimental
data. The results of the calculations using both codes showed a good
correlation. Remaining deviations can be explained by technical differences of
the codes.