bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new application for the valorisation of pomegranate seed oil: nanoencapsulation of pomegranate seed oil into electrospun nanomats for food preservation
Authors: Kutlu Nazan , Meral Raciye , Ekin Mehmet Mustafa , Erim Kose Yagmur , Ceylan Zafer 
Published: November 2021

SummaryPomegranate seed oil (PSO) contains many bioactive materials including antimicrobials, antioxidants, tocopherol and unsaturated fatty acids such as punicic acids. Utilising PSO with nanotechnological ways is a novel approach. Therefore, in this study, PSO‐loaded nanomats having an average diameter of 327 nm with 97.6% encapsulation efficiency were produced. Then, the protection potential of nanomats was determined in terms of the microbial and oxidative deterioration of food samples. On the 1st day of storage, the TMAB load of the control kashar cheese was 4.35 log CFU g−1, while it was 3.05 log CFU g−1 in the coated cheese (change: 1.3 logs). On the 20th day of storage, the TMAB load of the CK sample and PSc sample was 5.52 and 4.22 log CFU g−1, respectively (change: 1.3 logs). For fish fillets, nanoencapsulated PSO enabled a bacterial reduction of 1.22 log cycles after 9 days of storage. The total mould and yeast number of cheese samples increased during storage, but the increase was lower in the coated group. Nanomats also increased the oxidative stability of food samples. Thiobarbituric acid values of coated samples were lower than uncoated samples.
Optimal soaking conditions and addition of exogenous substances improve accumulation of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) in germinated mung bean (Vigna radiata)
Authors: Yen Nguyen Thi Hoang , Hoa Phan Ngoc , Hung Pham Van 
Published: November 2021

SummaryGerminated mung beans have been widely used as fresh vegetable or processed healthy food due to their high amounts of bioactive and nutritional compounds, including γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA). The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of different soaking conditions (temperature, ratios of seeds to water, soaking time, pH, addition of L‐glutamic acid (L‐Glu) or gibberellic acid (GA3)) and germination time on accumulation of GABA in the germinated mung bean seeds. The mung bean seeds, soaked at 40°C for 4 h with ratio of seeds to water of 1:4 (g mL−1) and then germinated for 7 h, accumulated higher amount of GABA than other soaking conditions and germination time. The addition of GA3 (0.30 mg L−1) or L‐glu (1,000 mg L−1) or acidifying to pH 5.5 of the soaking water had high impact on the GABA accumulation. Among them, the soaking water with pH 5.5 was more effective than adding with the L‐Glu or GA3 in the production of GABA (1677 mg/kg powder) and essential amino acids (16.56 g/100g powder) in the germinated mung bean seeds. The findings of this study provide useful information to produce GABA‐enriched and healthy foods from mung beans.
Enzyme‐assisted extraction of phenolic compounds and proteins from sugarcane bagasse using a low‐cost cocktail from Auricularia fuscosuccinea
Authors: Coniglio Romina O. , Díaz Gabriela V. , Barua Ramona C. , Albertó Edgardo , Zapata Pedro D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSugarcane bagasse is the major by‐product of the sugarcane industry, and it can serve as a substrate for biotechnological processes for obtaining value‐added products. This study gave multiple adding values to sugarcane bagasse using it in two separate bioprocesses. Sugarcane bagasse was used as a substrate for enzymatic cocktail production from Auricularia fuscosuccinea LBM 244 and as a source of proteins and phenolic compounds. A. fuscosuccinea LBM 244 enzyme cocktail‐assisted extraction, commercial enzyme assisted extraction and conventional extraction were compared. Enzymatic‐assisted extractions released 557–827% more protein content than those at 0 h. A. fuscosuccinea LBM 244 enzyme cocktail released 50% and 30% phenolic compounds more than conventional and commercial enzyme extraction, respectively. These phenolic compounds were represented mainly by ρ‐coumaric and ferulic acids. On top of that, the cost of the enzymes in enzyme‐assisted extraction was reduced fourfold using the A. fuscosuccinea LBM 244 enzyme cocktail.
Factors influencing the perception and decision‐making process of consumers on the choice of healthier foods in the United Kingdom: a systematic review using narrative synthesis
Authors: Ogundijo Daniel A. , Tas Ayten A. , Onarinde Bukola A. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe perception that foods are consumed primarily to meet physiological and nutritional needs is nowadays understood as an outdated concept. Substantial empirical literatures have proven that diverse factors influence consumers’ decisions in choosing healthy foods and diets, but the process of food choice remains complex. In this systematic review, the consumers’ perceptions on food choices are explored and the key factors that influence food choices among the UK consumers are identified. The findings of this review were reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA). The identified food choice factors were categorised into product, person and environmental (social, economic and informational)‐related factors. Interventions that would improve awareness of healthier food choices and negative impacts of factors influencing food choices are recommended. Studies on consumer behaviours around perceptions and choices of foods are scanty in the United Kingdom, and the limitations identified in this review are to be addressed in future research.
A comparative study on the structural and functional properties of water‐soluble and alkali‐soluble dietary fibres from rice bran after hot‐water, ultrasound, hydrolysis by cellulase, and combined pre‐treatments
Authors: Zadeike Daiva , Vaitkeviciene Ruta , Degutyte Rimgaile , Bendoraitiene Joana , Rukuiziene Zaneta , Cernauskas Darius , Svazas Mantas , Juodeikiene Grazina 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe aim of the study was to estimate the optimum method to obtain water‐soluble (WS‐DF) and alkali‐soluble (AS‐DF) dietary fibres fibres from defatted rice bran (DRB) to develop functional components for food. The different pre‐treatments of DRB, such as ultrasound (US) treatment, hydrolysis by cellulase (HC) and combined treatment (HC‐US), were compared with hot‐water (HWT) treatment on yields, and structural, physicochemical, and functional properties of WS‐DF and AS‐DF. Results showed that amounts of WS‐DF (5.54–9.03 g/100 g) and AS‐DF (7.22–9.58 g/100 g), and total dietary fibre (TDF) (42.21–45.44 g/100 g) obtained from the DRB after US, HC and HC‐US treatments were significantly higher than that after HWT (6.36, 5.65 and 31.92 g/100 g, respectively). The FT‐IR indicated that the effect of applied treatments on the changes of the chemical structure of polysaccharides was stronger for the WS‐DF than that for the AS‐DF. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the surfaces of US‐treated DFs particles were much more fractured than those after the HWT and HC. The combined HC‐US treatment at 50°C for 30 min significantly enhanced the purity (85–91%) and homogeneity of RB DFs structure resulting in increased water‐holding, swelling and glucose adsorption capacities compared to conventional processes maintaining acceptable bioactivity. Our study showed that conventional hot water extraction could be replaced with the ultrasonication technology as an effective tool for the modification of rice bran DFs’ structure and functional properties.
Quarterly earnings thresholds: Making the case for prior quarter earnings
Authors: Byun Sanghyuk , Roland Kristin C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe provide evidence that the prior quarter earnings number is an important and informative benchmark that is relatively unexplored in the accounting literature. Our analyses suggest that managers appear to avoid negative earnings changes relative to the prior quarter. Moreover, we find that even after controlling for the information contained in other frequently used benchmarks (i.e., analysts’ forecasts and earnings from the same quarter of the prior year), changes over the prior quarter's earnings are associated with stock returns. We find that this result is stronger post‐Regulation FD and XBRL, perhaps as a result of the improved information environment. We also find that the informativeness of prior quarter earnings is greater for firms with less volatile earnings and that meeting‐or‐beating prior quarter earnings are associated with future performance.
Predicting the depth of superficial adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction
Authors: Takada Kazunori , Yabuuchi Yohei , Yamamoto Yoichi , Yoshida Masao , Kawata Noboru , Takizawa Kohei , Kishida Yoshihiro , Ito Sayo , Imai Kenichiro , Hotta Kinichi , Ishiwatari Hirotoshi , Matsubayashi Hiroyuki , Kawabata Takanori , Ono Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and AimPreoperative determination of the invasion depth of superficial adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction is important for appropriate endoscopic or surgical resection. There are no objective criteria regarding this; therefore, we investigated the factors associated with the invasion depth of superficial adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction.MethodsThis retrospective study evaluated patients with superficial adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction who had undergone endoscopic or surgical resection at a Japanese tertiary cancer center between April 2004 and December 2017. We analyzed endoscopic features of intramucosal to slight submucosal (M–SM1; < 500 μm) and deep submucosal (SM2; ≥ 500 μm) adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction and extracted significant factors associated with and assessed the diagnostic performance of endoscopic features for SM2 lesion.ResultsA total of 106 cases were included in this study. Multivariate analysis indicated that depressed or protruded type (odds ratio [OR], 11.1), lesion size ≥ 15 mm (OR, 3.11), uneven surface (OR, 6.31), and subsquamous extension (OR, 5.41) were significantly associated with SM2 adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction. When the macroscopic type was depressed or protruded, high sensitivity (97%) but fair specificity (46%) were observed for SM2 adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction, whereas uneven surface and subsquamous extension showed high specificity (96% and 87%) but fair sensitivity (36% and 46%).ConclusionsDepressed or protruded type, lesion size ≥ 15 mm, uneven surface, and subsquamous extension were significantly associated with the invasion depth of superficial adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction. These endoscopic features are useful in determining the treatment method preoperatively.
The microbiome, gastrointestinal cancer, and immunotherapy
Authors: Newsome Rachel C , Yang Ye , Jobin Christian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe gastrointestinal tract greatly contributes to global cancer burden and cancer‐related deaths. The microbiota represents the population of microorganisms that live in and around the body, located primarily in the gastrointestinal tract. The microbiota has been implicated in colorectal cancer development and progression, but its role in cancer therapy for the gastrointestinal tract is less defined, especially for extra‐intestinal cancers. In this review, we discuss the past 5 years of research into microbial involvement in immune‐related therapies for colorectal, pancreatic, hepatic, and gastric cancers, with the goal of highlighting recent advances and new areas for investigation in this field.
Collusion in quality‐segmented markets
Authors: Bos Iwan , Marini Marco A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper analyzes price collusion in a repeated game with two submarkets: a standard and a premium quality segment. Within this setting, we study four types of price‐fixing agreement: (i) a segment‐wide cartel in the premium submarket only, (ii) a segment‐wide cartel in the standard submarket only, (iii) two segment‐wide cartels, and (iv) an industry‐wide cartel. We present a complete characterization of the collusive pricing equilibrium and examine the corresponding effect on market shares and welfare. Partial cartels operating in a sufficiently large segment lose market share and the industry‐wide cartel prefers to maintain market shares at precollusive levels. The impact on consumer and social welfare critically depends on the cost of producing quality. Moreover, given that there is a cartel, more collusion can be beneficial for society as a whole.
The impact of the first, second and third waves of covid‐19 on hepatitis B and C testing in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Mandel Erin , Peci Adriana , Cronin Kirby , Capraru Camelia I. , Shah Hemant , Janssen Harry L. A. , Tran Vanessa , Biondi Mia J. , Feld Jordan J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic interrupted routine healthcare services. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are often asymptomatic, and therefore, screening and on/post‐treatment monitoring are required. Our aim was to determine the effect of the first, second and third waves of the pandemic on HBV and HCV testing in Ontario, Canada. We extracted data from Public Health Ontario for HBV and HCV specimens from 1 January 2019 to 31 May 2021. Testing volumes were evaluated and stratified by age, sex and region. Changes in testing volumes were analysed by per cent and absolute change. Testing volumes decreased in April 2020 with the first wave of the pandemic and recovered to 72%–75% of prepandemic volumes by the end of the first wave. HBsAg testing decreased by 33%, 18% and 15%, and HBV DNA testing decreased by 37%, 27% and 20%, in each consecutive wave. Anti‐HCV testing decreased by 35%, 21% and 19%, and HCV RNA testing decreased by 44%, 30% and 36% in each consecutive wave. These trends were consistent by age, region and sex. Prenatal HBV testing volumes were stable. In conclusion, significant decreases in HBV and HCV testing occurred during the first three waves of the pandemic and have not recovered. In addition to direct consequences on viral hepatitis elimination efforts, these data provide insight into the impacts of the pandemic on chronic disease screening and management. Strategies to make up for missed testing will be critical to avoid additional consequences of COVID‐19 long after the pandemic has resolved.
Abbreviated magnetic resonance imaging vs ultrasound for surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma in high‐risk patients
Authors: Park Hyo Jung , Kim So Yeon , Singal Amit G. , Lee So Jung , Won Hyung Jin , Byun Jae Ho , Choi Sang Hyun , Yokoo Takeshi , Kim Min‐Ju , Lim Young‐Suk 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground & AimsWe aimed to compare the performance of gadoxetic acid‐enhanced abbreviated MRI (AMRI)‐based surveillance and ultrasound‐only surveillance in high‐risk patients for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsProspectively recruited high‐risk patients (>5% annual risk of HCC) who underwent one to three rounds of complete gadoxetic acid‐enhanced MRI (CMRI) and ultrasound at 6‐months intervals were retrospectively analysed. AMRI consisted of diffusion‐weighted, T2‐weighted, and hepatobiliary phase imaging. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CMRI followed by AMRI (CAA), AMRI‐only (AAA), and ultrasound‐only (US) were compared using generalized estimating equations. Image quality was assessed.ResultsIn 382 patients, HCC was diagnosed in 43 (11.3%), including 42 with early‐stage HCCs. The sensitivities of CAA (90.7%, 39/43) and AAA (86.0%, 37/43) were higher than US (27.9% [12/43]; P < 0.001), whereas the sensitivities of the two MRI approaches did not significantly differ (P = 0.56). The specificity of CAA (97.1%, 983/1012) was higher than AAA (95.6% [967/1012]; P = 0.01) and not significantly different from US (96.3% [975/1012]; P = 0.59). The CAA approach had the best accuracy of 96.9% (1022/1055), higher than the AAA approach (95.2% [1004/1055]; P = 0.01) and the US approach (93.6% [987/1055]; P = 0.01). Image quality was inadequate in 33.7% (356/1055) of US examinations but in only 10.0% (105/1055) of the AAA and 11.1% (117/1055) of the CAA approach.ConclusionsIn high‐risk patients, AMRI‐based surveillance approaches had higher sensitivities than ultrasound‐only surveillance for early‐stage HCC. A sequential MRI approach of CMRI followed by AMRIs showed superior accuracy than the AMRI‐only or ultrasound‐only approach.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Endonuclease VIII 2 (Nei2) forms a prereplicative BER complex with DnaN: Identification, characterization, and disruption of complex formation
Authors: Lata Kiran , Vishwakarma Jyoti , Kumar Sanjay , Khanam Taran , Ramachandran Ravishankar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMycobacterium tuberculosis Nei2 (Rv3297) is a BER glycosylase that removes oxidized base lesions from ssDNA and replication fork‐mimicking substrates. We show that Endonuclease VIII 2 (Nei2) forms a BER complex with the β‐clamp (DnaN, Rv0002) with a KD of 170 nM. The Nei2‐β‐clamp interactions enhance Nei2’s activities up to several folds. SEC analysis shows that one molecule of Nei2 binds to a single β‐clamp dimer. Nei2 interacts with subsites I and II of the β‐clamp via a noncanonical 223QGCRRCGTLIAY239 Clamp Interacting Protein (CIP) motif in the C‐terminal zinc‐finger domain, which was previously shown by us to be dispensable for intrinsic Nei2 activity. The 12‐mer peptide alone exhibited a KD of 10.28 nM, suggesting that the motif is a key mediator of Nei2‐β‐clamp interactions. Finally, we identified inhibitors of Nei2‐β‐clamp interactions using rational methods, in vitro disruption, and SPR assays after querying a database of natural products. We found that Tubulosine, Fumitremorgin C, Toyocamycin, and Aleuritic acid exhibit IC50 values of 94.47, 83.49, 109.7, and 71.49 µM, respectively. They act by disrupting Nei2‐β‐clamp interactions and do not affect intrinsic Nei2 activity. Among other things, the present study gives insights into the role of Nei2 in bacterial prereplicative BER.
Collateral consequences of agricultural fungicides on pathogenic yeasts: A One Health perspective to tackle azole resistance
Authors: Castelo‐Branco Débora , Lockhart Shawn R. , Chen Yee‐Chun , Santos Daniel Assis , Hagen Ferry , Hawkins Nichola Jane , Lavergne Rose‐Anne , Meis Jacques F. , Le Pape Patrice , Rocha Marcos Fabio Gadelha , Sidrim José Julio Costa , Arendrup Maiken , Morio Florent 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCandida and Cryptococcus affect millions of people yearly, being responsible for a wide array of clinical presentations, including life‐threatening diseases. Interestingly, most human pathogenic yeasts are not restricted to the clinical setting, as they are also ubiquitous in the environment. Recent studies raise concern regarding the potential impact of agricultural use of azoles on resistance to medical antifungals in yeasts, as previously outlined with Aspergillus fumigatus. Thus, we undertook a narrative review of the literature and provide lines of evidence suggesting that an alternative, environmental route of azole resistance, may develop in pathogenic yeasts, in addition to patient route. However, it warrants sound evidence to support that pathogenic yeasts cross border between plants, animals and humans and that environmental reservoirs may contribute to azole resistance in Candida or other yeasts for humans. As these possibilities could concern public health, we propose a road map for future studies under the One Health perspective.
Stability of amino acids, free and acyl‐carnitine in stored dried blood spots
Authors: Shimada Yumi , Kawano Nanae , Goto Miho , Watanabe Hiromi , Ihara Kenji 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundNewborn screening of inborn errors of metabolism using tandem mass spectrometry has become a public health strategy in many developed countries. Retrospective analyses using stored dried blood specimens have been limited, mainly due to a lack of biochemical information on the long‐term stability of acylcarnitines and amino acids in stored specimens. We studied the characteristic profiles of the stability of amino acid, free carnitine, and acyl carnitines in dried blood specimens stored in a refrigerator after newborn screening.MethodsDried blood specimens from 198 healthy newborns, which had been stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C after newborn screening, were prospectively subjected to tandem mass spectrometry analyses after 1, 3, 6 months, 1 and 2 years of storage. We also retrospectively re‐analyzed the stored samples from 90 newborns, which had been analyzed and stored at 5 °C for 4 years.ResultsWe found that proline (Pro) and tyrosine (Tyr) were stable for 2 years, and that alanine (Ala), arginine (Arg), and phenylalanine (Phe) decayed with linear regression. The C0 increased during the time‐course of 2 years, whereas most acylcarnitines gradually decayed and some showed a linear correlation. The retrospective analysis of samples stored for 4 years revealed that Ala, Phe, Pro and Tyr were almost stable, leucine (Leu), valine (Val) decayed with linear regression, C0 increased, and C10, C12, C14, C14:1, C16, C18, C18:1 decreased, while maintaining a linear correlation.ConclusionsThese data suggested that some metabolic parameters from refrigerator‐stored dried blood specimens were applicable for the detection of inborn errors of metabolism.
Clinicopathological and molecular analyses of hyperplastic lesions including microvesicular variant and goblet cell rich variant hyperplastic polyps and hyperplastic nodules—Hyperplastic nodule is an independent histological entity
Authors: Uesugi Noriyuki , Ajioka Yoichi , Arai Tomio , Tanaka Yoshihito , Sugai Tamotsu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHyperplastic nodules (HNs) have been considered to be hyperplastic lesions among Japanese pathologists, although they have not been recognized worldwide. Here, we examined clinicopathological and molecular differences between goblet cell‐rich variant hyperplastic polyp (GCHPs), microvesicular variant HPs (MVHPs), and HNs. Patients with hyperplastic lesions including 61 GCHPs, 62 MVHPs, and 19 HNs were enrolled in the present study. The clinicopathological and molecular features examined included the mucin phenotype expression, p53 overexpression, annexin A10, genetic mutations (BRAF and KRAS), and DNA methylation status (low, intermediate, and high methylation epigenotype). In addition, hierarchical cluster analysis was also performed to identify patterns among the histological features. The lesions were stratified into three subgroups and each lesion was assigned into a subgroup. While GCHP was associated with KRAS mutation, MVHP was closely associated with BRAF mutation; no mutation was found in HN. We list specific histological findings that corresponded to each lesion. Finally, there were no significant differences in the methylation status among lesions. The current result shows that both MVHPs and GCHPs have a neoplastic nature whereas HN is non‐neoplastic. We suggest that HNs should be distinguished from HPs, in particular GCHPs, in terms of pathological and genetic features.