bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CAMPURAN ECENG GONDOK DAN KOTORAN SAPI DENGAN PROSES HIDROLISIS ASAM SULFAT DALAM PEMBUATAN BIOGAS
Authors: Roni Kiagus Ahmad 
Published: March 2021

Kelangkaan gas elpiji di Indonesia mengakibatkan kenaikan harga gas elpiji. Sejak beralihnya kebiasaan rumah tangga di Indonesia dari menggunakan minyak tanah menjadi gas epliji untuk keperluan sehari – hari membuat kebutuhan gas elpiji semakin meningkat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan energi alternatif untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini. Salah satunya ialah biogas. Pada penelitian ini digunakan eceng gondok sebagai bahan baku utama pembuatan biogas. Pemanfaatan eceng gondok sebagai bahan baku biogas dikarenakan memiliki kandungan karbohidrat dan selulosa. Selulosa akan dihidrolisis menjadi glukosa oleh bakteri yang akan menghasilkan gas metan sebagai biogas. Akan tetapi, untuk mencapai hasil yang optimum diperlukan adanya biostarter dari limbah ternak, salah satunya kotoran sapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi eceng gondok dan air, eceng gondok dan kotoran sapi serta lama fermentasi eceng gondok paling optimum. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang didapatkan bahwa komposisi eceng gondok dan air yang paling optimum dengan lama fermentasi 7 hari serta komposisi eceng gondok dan kotoran sapi yaitu pada perbandingan 1 : 3 selama 7 hari dan 50% : 50% mampu menghasilkan biogas hingga 302 mL selama 21 hari. Analisa COD dan TSS menunjukkan bahwa semakin rendah konsentrasi COD dan TSS maka semakin banyak volume yang dihasilkan. Hal ini terlihat bahwa konsentrasi COD 21,40 mg/L dan TSS 38,30 mg/L mampu menghasilkan biogas sampai 302 mL. Selain itu juga dengan analisa titik embun gas dan nyala api menunjukkan bahwa komposisi eceng gondok dan air yanng terbaik pada perbandingan 1 : 3 dan komposisi eceng gondok dan kotoran sapi 60% : 40% dan 50% : 50% menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada embun pada gas tersebut dan menyala dengan sangat cepat.

KATA KUNCI : Energi Alternatif, Biogas, Eceng Gondok, Biostarter Kotoran Sapi
Comprobación permanente del comportamiento estructural de puentes singulares
Authors: Wenzel Helmut 
Published: March 2021

La gestión de puentes singulares requiere enfoques innovadores. Las decisiones no pueden basarse en los códigos y normas disponibles porque estos no cubren el gran tamaño y la importancia de estas infraestructuras. La toma de decisiones en la gestión de estas infraestructuras se basará en tecnologías fiables de gestión de datos y predicciones.
Con el fin de garantizar la seguridad, durabilidad y operatividad, se requiere información sobre el comportamiento estructural de cada puente. Los resultados provenientes de la instrumentación acerca del comportamiento de estas estructuras han llegado a un nivel de madurez después de una intensa investigación y desarrollo financiado por la Comisión Europea. La mayoría de los parámetros que describen el comportamiento del puente se pueden ahora supervisar razonablemente.
El documento incluye un ejemplo de implantación exitosa, presenta una clasificación útil y especifica las normas aplicables que pueden proporcionar un marco para el enfoque de gestión de infraestructuras basados en el riesgo.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Oxygen Desaturation Index for Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Chen Lihong , Tang Weiwei , Wang Chun , Chen Dawei , Gao Yun , Ma Wanxia , Zha Panpan , Lei Fei , Tang Xiangdong , Ran Xingwu 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundPolysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). But it is impractical to perform PSG in all patients with diabetes. The objective was to develop a clinically easy-to-use prediction model to diagnosis SDB in patients with diabetes.MethodsA total of 440 patients with diabetes were recruited and underwent overnight PSG at West China Hospital. Prediction algorithms were based on oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and other variables, including sex, age, body mass index, Epworth score, mean oxygen saturation, and total sleep time. Two phase approach was employed to derivate and validate the models.ResultsODI was strongly correlated with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (rs = 0.941). In the derivation phase, the single cutoff model with ODI was selected, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.956 (95%CI 0.917–0.994), 0.962 (95%CI 0.943–0.981), and 0.976 (95%CI 0.956–0.996) for predicting AHI ≥5/h, ≥15/h, and ≥30/h, respectively. We identified the cutoff of ODI 5/h, 15/h, and 25/h, as having important predictive value for AHI ≥5/h, ≥15/h, and ≥30/h, respectively. In the validation phase, the AUC of ODI was 0.941 (95%CI 0.904–0.978), 0.969 (95%CI 0.969–0.991), and 0.949 (95%CI 0.915–0.983) for predicting AHI ≥5/h, ≥15/h, and ≥30/h, respectively. The sensitivity of ODI ≥5/h, ≥15/h, and ≥25/h was 92%, 90%, and 93%, respectively, while the specificity was 73%, 89%, and 85%, respectively.ConclusionsODI is a sensitive and specific tool to predict SDB in patients with diabetes.
Metabolic Changes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Isolated From Patients With End Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Altintas Mehmet M. , DiBartolo Salvatore , Tadros Lana , Samelko Beata , Wasse Haimanot 
Published: March 2021

As numerous complex pathologies stem from cellular energy dysfunction, we aimed to elucidate mitochondrial function and associated stress pathologies in kidney disease in a cohort of hemodialysis patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The bioenergetics study was conducted using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of ESKD patients (n = 29) and healthy controls (no ESKD, n = 10). PBMCs were isolated from whole blood and seeded into assay plates to detect changes in oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. The bioenergetics analysis (i.e., mitochondrial stress test) was performed using Seahorse XFe24 flux analyzer. We observed significant reduction in mitochondrial respiration in patient PBMCs in terms of fundamental bioenergetics parameters such as basal respiration, ATP turnover, maximal respiration and spare respiratory capacity. These findings were correlated with the expression levels of proteins coordinating cellular energy status and regulating mitochondrial dynamics. Our data demonstrates an association between mitochondrial oxygen consumption of PBMCs and ESKD. AMPK activity, its downstream effector PGC-1α and mitochondrial fission/fusion proteins are partially responsible for the decrease in oxidative phosphorylation of PBMCs isolated from ESKD patients. We propose a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and ESKD and a role for mitochondria as a potential site for therapeutic interventions.
Different Gestational Diabetes Phenotypes: Which Insulin Regimen Fits Better?
Authors: Mecacci Federico , Lisi Federica , Vannuccini Silvia , Ottanelli Serena , Rambaldi Marianna Pina , Serena Caterina , Simeone Serena , Petraglia Felice 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveMaternal characteristics and OGTT values of pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were evaluated according to treatment strategies. The goal was to identify different maternal phenotypes in order to predict the appropriate treatment strategy.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study among 1,974 pregnant women followed up for GDM in a tertiary referral hospital for high-risk pregnancies (Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy) from 2013 to 2018. We compared nutritional therapy (NT) alone (n = 962) versus NT and insulin analogues (n = 1,012) group. Then, we focused on different insulin analogues groups: long acting (D), rapid acting (R), both D and R. We compared maternal characteristics of the three groups, detecting which factors may predict the use of rapid or long-acting insulin analogue alone versus combined therapy.ResultsAmong women included in the analysis, 51.3% of them needed insulin therapy for glycemic control: 61.8% D, 28.3% combined D and R, and 9.9% R alone. Age &gt;35 years, pre-pregnancy BMI &gt;30, family history of diabetes, previous GDM, altered fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hypothyroidism, and assisted reproductive technologies (ART) were identified as maternal variables significantly associated with the need of insulin therapy. Altered 1-h and 2-h glucose plasma glucose level at OGTT, age &gt;35 years, and previous GDM were found as independent predicting factors for the use of combined therapy with rapid and long acting analogues for glycemic control. On the contrary, pre-pregnancy BMI &lt;25 and normal fasting plasma glucose values at OGTT were found to be significantly associated to the use of rapid insulin analogue only.ConclusionA number of maternal and metabolic variables may be identified at the diagnosis of GDM, in order to identify different GDM phenotypes requiring a personalized treatment for glycemic control.
Activation of Toll-Like Receptor 7 Signaling Pathway in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome-Associated Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Qu Jingge , Wang Li , Li Mengtao , Xu Dong , Zhao Yan , Zhang Fengchun , Zeng Xiaofeng 
Published: March 2021

Objectives: To identify the importance of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway using B cell high-throughput sequencing and to explore the participation of the TLR7 signaling pathway in primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS)-associated thrombocytopenia in patient and mouse models.Methods: High-throughput gene sequencing and bioinformatic analyses were performed for 9 patients: 3 patients with pSS and normal platelet counts, 3 patients with pSS-associated thrombocytopenia, and 3 healthy controls. Twenty-four patients with pSS were recruited for validation. Twenty-four non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were divided into the TLR7 pathway inhibition (CA-4948), activation (Resiquimod), and control groups. Serum, peripheral blood, bone marrow, and submandibular glands were collected for thrombocytopenia and TLR7 pathway analysis.Results: Seven hub genes enriched in the TLR pathway were identified. Compared to that in control patients, the expression of interleukin (IL)-8 and TLR7 pathway molecules in B-cells was higher in patients with pSS-associated thrombocytopenia. Platelet counts exhibited a negative correlation with serum IL-1β and IL-8 levels. In NOD mice, CA-4948/Resiquimod treatment induced the downregulation/upregulation of the TLR7 pathway, leading to consistent elevation/reduction of platelet counts. Megakaryocyte counts in the bone marrow showed an increasing trend in the Resiquimod group, with more naked nuclei. The levels of IL-1β and IL-8 in the serum and submandibular gland tissue increased in the Resiquimod group compared with that in CA-4948 and control groups.Conclusion: pSS-associated thrombocytopenia may be a subset of the systemic inflammatory state as the TLR7 signaling pathway was upregulated in B cells of patients with pSS-associated thrombocytopenia, and activation of the TLR7 pathway led to a thrombocytopenia phenotype in NOD mice.
NiCo Nanorod Array Supported on Copper Foam as a High-Performance Catalyst for Hydrogen Production From Ammonia Borane
Authors: Li Liling , Guo Binshan , Li Hang , Zhang Xibin , Feng Yufa , Liao Jinyun 
Published: March 2021

Searching for inexpensive, durable, and active catalysts for the dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (AB) is an important subject in the field of hydrogen energy. In this study, we have fabricated NiCo nanorod arrays anchored on copper foam (CF) by a simple hydrothermal process. The catalytic performance of those array catalysts in AB hydrolysis was studied. It was found that NiCo-1/CF showed the highest catalytic activity with a hydrogen generation rate (HGR) of 1.03 Lhydrogen g−1 min−1, which was much higher than that for the unsupported NiCo-1 catalyst. It has been demonstrated that strong base can significantly enhance hydrogen production. After six catalytic cycles, the morphology, crystal structure, and catalytic activity were maintained, indicating that the NiCo-1/CF sample showed good reusability and high durability. Considering their low cost and high performance, the NiCo nanorod arrays anchored on CF can be a strong candidate catalyst for hydrogen generation for mobile hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells.
The Effect of Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation on Cognitive Training Outcome in Healthy Aging
Authors: Brambilla Michela , Dinkelbach Lars , Bigler Annelien , Williams Joseph , Zokaei Nahid , Cohen Kadosh Roi , Brem Anna-Katharine 
Published: March 2021

Background and Objective: Aging is associated with a decline in attentional and executive abilities, which are linked to physiological, structural, and functional brain changes. A variety of novel non-invasive brain stimulation methods have been probed in terms of their neuroenhancement efficacy in the last decade; one that holds significant promise is transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) that delivers an alternate current at random amplitude and frequency. The aim of this study was to investigate whether repeated sessions of tRNS applied as an add-on to cognitive training (CT) may induce long-term near and far transfer cognitive improvements.Methods: In this sham-controlled, randomized, double-blinded study forty-two older adults (age range 60–86 years) were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups that received 20 min of 0.705 mA tRNS (N = 14), 1 mA tRNS (N = 14), or sham tRNS (N = 19) combined with 30 min of CT of executive functions (cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, working memory). tRNS was applied bilaterally over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortices for five sessions. The primary outcome (non-verbal logical reasoning) and other cognitive functions (attention, memory, executive functions) were assessed before and after the intervention and at a 1-month follow-up.Results: Non-verbal logical reasoning, inhibitory control and reaction time improved significantly over time, but stimulation did not differentially affect this improvement. These changes occurred during CT, while no further improvement was observed during follow-up. Performance change in logical reasoning was significantly correlated with age in the group receiving 1 mA tRNS, indicating that older participants profited more from tRNS than younger participants. Performance change in non-verbal working memory was significantly correlated with age in the group receiving sham tRNS, indicating that in contrast to active tRNS, older participants in the sham group declined more than younger participants.Interpretation: CT induced cognitive improvements in all treatment groups, but tRNS did not modulate most of these cognitive improvements. However, the effect of tRNS depended on age in some cognitive functions. We discuss possible explanations leading to this result that can help to improve the design of future neuroenhancement studies in older populations.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Robotic Radiosurgery of Arteriovenous Malformations
Authors: Greve Tobias , Ehret Felix , Hofmann Theresa , Thorsteinsdottir Jun , Dorn Franziska , Švigelj Viktor , Resman-Gašperšič Anita , Tonn Joerg-Christian , Schichor Christian , Muacevic Alexander 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveCyberKnife offers CT- and MRI-based treatment planning without the need for stereotactically acquired DSA. The literature on CyberKnife treatment of cerebral AVMs is sparse. Here, a large series focusing on cerebral AVMs treated by the frameless CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) system was analyzed.MethodsIn this retrospective study, patients with cerebral AVMs treated by CyberKnife SRS between 2005 and 2019 were included. Planning was MRI- and CT-based. Conventional DSA was not coregistered to the MRI and CT scans used for treatment planning and was only used as an adjunct. Obliteration dynamics and clinical outcome were analyzed.Results215 patients were included. 53.0% received SRS as first treatment; the rest underwent previous surgery, embolization, SRS, or a combination. Most AVMs were classified as Spetzler-Martin grade I to III (54.9%). Hemorrhage before treatment occurred in 46.0%. Patients suffered from headache (28.8%), and seizures (14.0%) in the majority of cases. The median SRS dose was 18 Gy and the median target volume was 2.4 cm³. New neurological deficits occurred in 5.1% after SRS, with all but one patient recovering. The yearly post-SRS hemorrhage incidence was 1.3%. In 152 patients who were followed-up for at least three years, 47.4% showed complete AVM obliteration within this period. Cox regression analysis revealed Spetzler-Martin grade (P = 0.006) to be the only independent predictor of complete obliteration.ConclusionsAlthough data on radiotherapy of AVMs is available, this is one of the largest series, focusing exclusively on CyberKnife treatment. Safety and efficacy compared favorably to frame-based systems. Non-invasive treatment planning, with a frameless SRS robotic system might provide higher patient comfort, a less invasive treatment option, and lower radiation exposure.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Hepatic Arterial Infusion of FOLFOX Combined Sorafenib for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Portal Vein Invasion
Authors: Li Meiyue , Lin Shen , Wilson Leslie , Huang Pinfang , Wang Hang , Lai Shubin , Dong Liangliang , Xu Xiongwei , Weng Xiuhua 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundHepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and fluorouracil (FOLFOX) plus sorafenib has a more desirable effect versus sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein invasion. However, considering the high cost of hepatic arterial infusion of chemotherapy (HAIC), this study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of HAIC plus sorafenib (SoraHAIC) versus standard care for HCC patients from the Chinese health system perspective.MethodsA Markov multi-state model was constructed to simulate the disease course and source consumption of SoraHAIC. Costs of primary therapeutic drugs were calculated based on the national bid price, and hepatic artery catheterization fee was collected from the Fujian Provincial Price Bureau. Clinical data, other costs, and utility values were extracted from references. Primary outcomes included life-years (LYs), quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). The robustness of model was verified by uncertainty sensitivity analyses.ResultsSoraHAIC gained 1.18 QALYs (1.68 LYs) at a cost of $65,254, while the effectiveness and cost of sorafenib were 0.52 QALYs (0.79 LYs) and $14,280, respectively. The ICER of SoraHAIC vs sorafenib was $77,132/QALY ($57,153/LY). Parameter that most influenced the ICER was utility of PFS state. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) showed that SoraHAIC was not cost-effective in the WTP threshold of 3*Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita of China ($30,492/QALY). But about 38.8% of the simulations were favorable to SoraHAIC at the WTP threshold of 3*GDP per capita of Beijing ($72,000/QALY). When 3*GDP per capita of Fujian ($47,285/QALY) and Gansu Province ($14,595/QALY) were used as WTP threshold, the acceptability of SoraHAIC was 0.3% and 0%, respectively.ConclusionsThe study results indicated that SoraHAIC was not cost-effective in medium-, and low-income regions of China. In developed areas of China (Beijing), there was a 38.8% probability that the SoraHAIC regimen would be cost-effective.
A 15-Gene Signature and Prognostic Nomogram for Predicting Overall Survival in Non-Distant Metastatic Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Muyuan , Tong Litian , Liang Bin , Song Xuhong , Xie Lingzhu , Peng Hanwei , Huang Dongyang 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundOral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is a devastating tumor with poor prognosis. There is an urgent need for reliable biomarkers to help predict prognosis and guide treatment for OTSCC. In the current study, we aimed to develop a robust multi-gene signature and prognostic nomogram to predict the prognosis of patients with non-distant metastatic OTSCC.MethodsOTSCC-related differentially-expressed genes were screened from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate Cox regression based on 1,000 bootstrap replicates, LASSO regression and stepwise multivariate Cox regression were utilized to develop a novel multi-mRNA signature for predicting overall survival in OTSCC. The concordance index, area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC AUC) and calibration curve were employed to assess the prediction capacity of the novel multi-gene model. In addition, a prognostic nomogram was constructed to facilitate the clinical use of the fitted model. The Kaplan-Meier with log-rank test was employed to assess differences in overall survival.ResultsWe successfully established a novel 15-mRNA prognostic model for predicting overall survival of non-distant metastatic OTSCC, involving ADTRP, ITGA3, RFC4, CCDC96, CYP2J2, NELL2, SPHK1, SPAG16, HBEGF, S100A9, EGFL6, ADGRG6, PDE4D, ABCA4, and CTTN. The prediction ability of this 15-gene signature was independent of other clinicopathological factors, with an HR of 11.5 (95% CI: 4.70–28.3). Moreover, internal validation by bootstrap analysis yielded a C-index of 0.849, with a 3-year AUC of 0.907 and 5-year AUC of 0.944, which implied excellent prediction accuracy of the fitted model. In addition, external validation by using the GEO dataset (GSE41116) yielded a C-index of 0.804, with a 3-year AUC of 0.868 and 5-year AUC of 0.855, which also indicated good prediction ability of the 15-gene model. Finally, a prognostic nomogram integrating risk group, grade, T stage and N stage was established.ConclusionOur results demonstrate our 15-gene signature was independently associated with overall survival in non-distant metastatic OTSCC. Moreover, the prognostic nomogram integrating the 15-gene signature and clinicopathological factors has potential to be developed as a prognostic tool.
Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound for Uterine Fibroids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Yi , Geng Jinsong , Bao Haini , Dong Jiancheng , Shi Jianwei , Xi Qinghua 
Published: March 2021

Background: Uterine fibroids are common benign tumors among premenopausal women. High- intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is an emerging non-invasive intervention which uses the high-intensity ultrasound waves from ultrasound probes to focus on the targeted fibroids. However, the efficacy of HIFU in comparison with that of other common treatment types in clinical procedure remains unclear.Objective: To investigate the comparative effectiveness and safety of HIFU with other techniques which have been widely used in clinical settings.Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing &amp; Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, ProQuest Nursing &amp; Allied Health Database, and three Chinese academic databases, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, and cohort studies. The primary outcome was the rate of re-intervention, and the GRADE approach was used to interpret the findings.Results: About 18 studies met the inclusion criteria. HIFU was associated with an increased risk of re-intervention rate in comparison with myomectomy (MYO) [pooled odds ratio (OR): 4.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.82–8.9]. The results favored HIFU in comparison with hysterectomy (HYS) on the change of follicle-stimulating hormone [pooled mean difference (MD): −7.95, 95% CI: −8.92–6.98), luteinizing hormone (MD: −4.38, 95% CI: −5.17−3.59), and estradiol (pooled MD: 43.82, 95% CI: 36.92–50.72)]. HIFU had a shorter duration of hospital stay in comparison with MYO (pooled MD: −4.70, 95% CI: −7.46−1.94, p &lt; 0.01). It had a lower incidence of fever (pooled OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.06–0.39, p &lt; 0.01) and a lower incidence of major adverse events (pooled OR: 0.04, 95% CI: 0.00–0.30, p &lt; 0.01) in comparison with HYS.Conclusions: High-intensity focused ultrasound may help maintain feminity and shorten the duration of hospital stay. High-quality clinical studies with a large sample size, a long-term follow-up, and the newest HIFU treatment protocol for evaluating the re-intervention rate are suggested to be carried out. Clinical decision should be based on the specific situation of the patients and individual values.