bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using the Think-Aloud Method to Assess the Feasibility and Acceptability of Network Canvas Among Black Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Persons: Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Crawford Natalie D , Josma Dorie , Harrington Kristin R V , Morris Joseph , Quamina Alvan , Birkett Michelle , Phillips II Gregory 
Published: August 2021

Background
Characteristics of an individual’s social network have been important factors in understanding infectious disease transmission patterns. Social network data collection is generally time and resource intensive, yet it is crucial to our understanding of the complex epidemiologic landscape of human behaviors among stigmatized social groups.

Objective
We sought to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a self-administered social network data collection tool, Network Canvas, among Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) and transgender persons using the think-aloud method, which is a robust and flexible research technique used to perform usability testing.

Methods
We piloted a self-administered network interview within the Network Canvas Software Suite. Participants aged 18 years and older were recruited through a community-based organization in Atlanta, GA, and were included based upon their willingness to share information on sexual behaviors and drug use for themselves and their social networks. A semistructured interview guide was used to document cognitive decision-making processes while using the tool. Recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim, and thematic analyses were performed.

Results
Among 7 BMSM and transgender participants, three main themes were identified from cognitive processes: (1) the utility, (2) navigation, and (3) intuitive design of Network Canvas. Overall, Network Canvas was described as “easy to use,” with suggestions mainly directed toward improving navigation tools and implementing an initial tutorial on the program prior to use. Participants were willing to use Network Canvas to document their social networks and characteristics. In general, observed verbal responses from participants matched their behavior, although there were some discrepancies between verbal affirmations of use and understanding versus external observation.

Conclusions
We found Network Canvas to be a useful new tool to capture social network data. Self-administration allowed participants the opportunity to provide sensitive information about themselves and their social networks. Furthermore, automated name generation and visualization of an individuals’ social network in the app has the potential to reduce cognitive burden during data collection. More efficient methods of social network data collection have the potential to provide epidemiologic information to guide prevention efforts for populations with stigmatized health conditions or behaviors.
scFlow: A Scalable and Reproducible Analysis Pipeline for Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data
Authors: Khozoie Combiz , Fancy Nurun , Marjaneh Mahdi Moradi , Murphy Alan E. , Matthews Paul M. , Skene Nathan 
Published: August 2021

Advances in single-cell RNA-sequencing technology over the last decade
have enabled exponential increases in throughput: datasets with over
a million cells are becoming commonplace. The burgeoning scale of data
generation, combined with the proliferation of alternative analysis
methods, led us to develop the scFlow toolkit and the nf-core/scflow
pipeline for reproducible, efficient, and scalable analyses of
single-cell and single-nuclei RNA-sequencing data. The scFlow toolkit
provides a higher level of abstraction on top of popular single-cell
packages within an R ecosystem, while the nf-core/scflow Nextflow
pipeline is built within the nf-core framework to enable compute
infrastructure-independent deployment across all institutions and
research facilities. Here we present our flexible pipeline, which
leverages the advantages of containerization and the potential of Cloud
computing for easy orchestration and scaling of the analysis of large
case/control datasets by even non-expert users. We demonstrate the
functionality of the analysis pipeline from sparse-matrix quality
control through to insight discovery with examples of analysis of four
recently published public datasets and describe the extensibility of
scFlow as a modular, open-source tool for single-cell and single nuclei
bioinformatic analyses.
Características relacionadas al sobrepeso y obesidad en estudiantes de la facultad de medicina de la Universidad de Panamá en diciembre 2018
Authors: Mariscal Davy Rubén Raziel 
Published: August 2021

-Objetivo: Describir factores relacionados al desarrollo de sobrepeso y obesidad en universitarios, de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Panamá.
-Metodología: Estudio analítico de corte transversal. El universo corresponde a la totalidad de estudiantes de medicina de la universidad de Panamá; en la actualidad, 1159 estudiantes. Se hizo un muestreo aleatorio simple. Además, el cálculo de la muestra es de 289 estudiantes. Se estudiaron los factores relacionados al sobrepeso y obesidad que presentan los estudiantes (dieta, tabaquismo, alcoholismo, antecedente de hipertensión arterial y antecedente de diabetes).
-Resultados: Del total de 289 estudiantes, se obtuvo la siguiente distribución, según rango de IMC: Bajo peso 18 (6.23%), Normopeso 162 (56.06%), Sobrepeso 83 (28.72) y Obesidad 23 (9.00 %). Las variables evaluadas se distribuyen, de acuerdo al sexo, 64% masculino y el 36%, femenino. Asimismo, el 65.1% realiza actividad física, mientras que el 35% no realiza actividad física; por su parte, el 63% tiene una dieta aceptable, en tanto que el 37% tiene una dieta deficiente. Del mismo modo, un 82% no presenta alcoholismo frente a un18% que sí lo presenta; el 98% no presenta tabaquismo, y un 2% sí lo presenta. Además, el 46% no tiene antecedentes de DM2, 54% tiene antecedente de DM2.Finalmente, el 16% no tiene antecedente de hipertensión arterial, en comparación al 84%, que sí tiene antecedente de hipertensión arterial.
-Conclusiones: La calidad de dieta y la inactividad física fueron los factores más importantes para desarrollar sobrepeso u obesidad en estudiantes de medicina. Existe un porcentaje importante de estudiantes con alcoholismo.
-Palabras claves: Sobrepeso, Obesidad, Estudiantes de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina.
Music in the Polish-Jewish Theatre in the First Decades of the 20th Century in the Light of Surviving Sources
Authors: Jaczyński Michał 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The article presents the few surviving documents concerning the incidental music to Polish-Jewish plays performed on the Polish stages in the first decades of the 20th century (until 1939). This kind of theatre was to constitute a space for the dialogue between the Jewish and Polish communities. The idea of its creators was to reject the existing, usually negative, way of presenting Jews in Polish theatre as well as to show authentic Jewish life — customs, rituals, music and dances — on stage. A breakthrough in both of these areas came with the so-called Jewish plays of Gabriela Zapolska — Małka Szwarcenkopf and Jojne Firułkes. The idea of the Polish-Jewish theatre was then developed by Marek Arnsztajn (Andrzej Marek). Referring to the surviving sources (scores as well as press reviews and notes in directors’ copies of the scripts), the author analyses music to two performances of Małka Szwarcenkopf, and presents the musical appendix to the Polish version of An-ski’s Dybbuk published in 1922. The analysis seeks to capture the composers’ specific ideas of Jewish music and to discover the sources of their inspiration. The second objective of the article was to present the cultural background against which the Polish-Jewish theatre evolved.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE RECURSOS TECNOLÓGICOS NAS AULAS DE FÍSICA COMO FORMA DE SUPERAR AS DIFICULDADES IMPOSTAS PELA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Vilela Jean Louis Landim , Ferraz Anderson Claiton , Araújo Mauro Sérgio Teixeira de 
Published: August 2021

Este artigo constitui-se em um estudo exploratório realizado em um contexto aonde a inserção da tecnologia na vida da população mudou significativamente seus hábitos e atitudes. Tendo a educação como um dos setores mais impactados por essas transformações, entende-se que professores e alunos necessitam se reestruturar frente às novas metodologias de ensino, cada vez mais marcadas pela presença de recursos tecnológicos nas atividades escolares. Com o advindo da Covid-19 a necessidade de mudança tornou-se mais urgente ainda, porém será que estávamos preparados? O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar em alunos de escolas públicas e privadas, de Minas Gerais e São Paulo, suas percepções quanto à utilização de recursos tecnológicos durante a pandemia nas aulas de Física. Para isto, foi aplicado um questionário contendo questões abertas e fechadas, utilizando o google formulários, sendo as questões abertas categorizadas a posteriori com base na Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Os resultados indicaram a utilização de recursos tecnológicos contribuiu com as aulas online, devido a diversidade de instrumentos que a internet oferece e auxílio de vídeo aulas. Porém, uma parcela dos alunos apontou dificuldades em compreender os conteúdos abordados e falta de concentração nas aulas. O comprometimento relacionado ao interesse e responsabilidade com as atividades propostas foi destacado pelos alunos, sendo que alguns relataram maior desinteresse, além de sentirem necessidade da presença física do professor. Concluímos que os recursos tecnológicos permitiram que as aulas pudessem ocorrer mesmo no contexto de isolamento provocado pela Covid-19, contribuindo para a aprendizagem e envolvimento da maioria dos estudantes.
Penentuan Rute Transportasi Kendaraan Umum Kota Medan Dengan Menggunakan Nearest Neighbor Method Dan Closed Insertion Method
Authors: Putra Fani Darmawan , Rakhmawati Fibri , Cipta Hendra 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research to arrange the route of the Medan public transportation system into a graph and find the closest route using a graph. The data used are data on travel routes and travel times public transportation for Terminal Pinang Baris to Terminal Amplas. The results obtained are Medan City Public Transport system namely KPUM 64, RMC 120 and U-MORINA 138 can be represented in graph with terminal as a vertex and the walk to connecting each terminal as edge. The calculation results using the nearest neighbor method and closed insertion method can produce different routes between KPUM 48, RMC 120 and U-MORINA 138 which have been operating now. Determining the shortest route by considering the shortest distance does not get jammed.

Keywords: Public Transportation, Routing Graph, Nearest Neighbor Method, Closed Insertion Method.
Metallurgical Principles
Authors: Bauser Martin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This chapter explains the basic terminology and principles of metallurgy as they apply to extrusion. It begins with an overview of crystal structure in metals and alloys, including crystal defects and orientation. This is followed by sections discussing the development of the continuous cast microstructure of aluminum and copper alloys. The discussion provides information on billet and grain segregation and defects in continuous casting. The chapter then discusses the processes involved in the deformation of pure metals and alloys at room temperature. Next, it describes the characteristics of pure metals and alloys at higher temperatures. The processes involved in extrusion are then covered. The chapter provides details on how the toughness and fracture characteristics of metals and alloys affect the extrusion process. The weld seams in hollow profiles, the production of composite profiles, and the processing of composite materials, as well as the extrusion of metal powders, are discussed. The chapter ends with a discussion on the factors that define the extrudability of metallic materials and how these attributes are characterized.
Machinery and Equipment for Direct and Indirect Hot Extrusion
Authors: Groos Horst 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The machinery and equipment required for rod and tube extrusion is determined by the specific extrusion process. This chapter provides a detailed description of the design requirements and principles of machinery and equipment for direct and indirect hot extrusion. It then covers the presses and auxiliary equipment for tube extrusion, induction furnaces for billet processing, handling systems for copper and aluminum alloy products, extrusion cooling systems, and age-hardening ovens. Next, the chapter describes the principles and applications of equipment for the production of aluminum and copper billets. Then, it focuses on process control in both direct and indirect hot extrusion of aluminum alloys without lubrication. The chapter describes the technology of electrical and electronic controls in the extrusion process. It ends with a discussion on the factors that influence the productivity and quality of the products in the extrusion process and methods for process optimization.
Quality Management in Extrusion
Authors: Smolarek Detlef 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The aim of every extrusion plant is the efficient production of competitive products that meet the appropriate quality requirements. This chapter discusses the processes involved in the selection and introduction of a quality management system, along with its application, advantages, and disadvantages. It describes the process chain for order processing within the quality circle and provides information on product liability legal issues. In addition, the chapter discusses the processes involved in quality control, along with its organization, responsibilities, audits, and testing.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR LOMPAT JAUH DENGAN LATIHAN LOMPAT TALI : PENELITIAN TINDAKAN KELAS PADA KELAS VIII.2 SMPN 5 KOTA CIREBON
Authors: Rusmantri Rusmantri 
Published: August 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk lebih memperbaiki pembelajaran lompat jauh dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar terutama hasil lompatan yang optimal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilaksanakan di SMPN 5 Kota Cirebon tahun ajaran 2012/2013 pada siswa kelas VIII.2 dengan jumlah siswa 25 (Dua kelas RSBI). Hasil penelitian pembelajaran lompat jauh dengan latihan lompat tali menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar yang dibuktikan dengan peningkatan rata-rata nilai teknik lompat jauh dari 57,24 menjadi 84,20 atau meningkat 47,1 %, ketuntasan belajar mencapai 100 % dan hasil jarak lompatan dari rata-rata meningkat 51,96 % dari rata-rata jarak 257,6 cm. menjadi 391,3 cm. Dari segi sikap, siswa termotivasi menerima konsep latihan kekuatan dengan skipping karena merasa senang dan gembira yang ditunjukkan dengan keaktifan siswa pada setiap tahapan pembelajaran. Dengan demikian Semakin tinggi frekuensi dan intensitas pengulangan maka akan semakin tinggi pula hasil kemampuan teknik dan hasil lompatan yang diperoleh.
Gobernanza 2.0 y social media: comunidad, participación y pertenencia
Authors: Rodríguez Egaña Silvia 
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar los efectos de la tecnología 2.0 como herramienta de gobierno en las administraciones públicas neoliberales. El artículo trata la forma en que las redes sociales potencian el sentimiento de pertenencia, posibilitando interacciones entre los ciudadanos e instituciones, que superan las expectativas de los primeros en rapidez y personalización, generando un vínculo de pertenencia e identificación entre ámbos. La participación en el contexto 2.0, se convierte en un ritual de pertenencia a comunidades de usuarios, vinculados al rededor de intereses concretos. Seguiremos la idea de Lazzarato acerca del gobierno de los signos para dar cuenta de cómo el márketing en los social media, actúa sobre un nivel de subjetivación prelingüístico que desborda el plano de la representación y de la legitimación institucional. El artículo estudia el caso de la cuenta de twitter de la policía nacional española, para ver cómo este cuerpo securitario emplea una estrategia de márketing y comunicación que trabaja sobre ese nivel prediscursivo, con el fin de constituirse como agente de cohesión social, como estrategia de mantenimiento del orden público dentro de un nuevo paradigma de policing
ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ УМОВИ РОЗВИТКУ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ КВАЛІФІКОВАНИХ РОБІТНИКІВ СФЕРИ ПОСЛУГ
Authors: Онищенко Алла 
Published: August 2021

Актуальність визначається необхідністю: розвитку професійної компетентності кваліфікованих робітників сфери послуг протягом всього життя як головної умови успішності Beauty-майстрів на динамічному інноваційному ринку індустрії краси; створення в закладах освіти відповідного освітньо-розвивального середовища для формування у слухачів підприємницької й економічної компетентності, вдосконалення творчих і комунікативних здібностей, розвитку мотивації до професійного вдосконалення, самоосвіти та самонавчання.
Мета: визначення та обґрунтування педагогічних умов розвитку професійної компетентності кваліфікованих робітників (косметиків, манікюрників та перукарів-модельєрів) у процесі курсової підготовки в Навчальних центрах підприємств сфери послуг.
Методи: теоретичні (індукція, дедукція, синтез та узагальнення); емпіричні (дослідження та аналіз педагогічного досвіду); опитувально-діагностичні (анкетування); метод експертного оцінювання (коефіцієнт конкордації Кендалла).
Результати: конкретизовано та обґрунтовано педагогічні умови розвитку професійної компетентності кваліфікованих робітників сфери послуг.
Висновки: з’ясовано, що розвиток професійної компетентності кваліфікованих робітників сфери послуг потребує спеціально створених педагогічних умов для уможливлення позитивної динаміки професійного вдосконалення, набуття інноваційного досвіду та активізації самоосвіти й самонавчання з урахуванням рівня фахової підготовленості до виконання посадових обов’язків в умовах підприємства сфери послуг та відповідно до власних потреб і запитів особистості; виокремлено й обґрунтовано ці педагогічні умови (підвищення рівня мотивації до безперервного професійного вдосконалення; розвиток фахових знань і вмінь у Школі Beauty-майстерності; застосування інноваційних технологій навчання; участь у заходах фахового спрямування).
Comparative Study of Acute Lung Injury in COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Zhang Jianguo , Huang Xing , Ding Daoyin , Zhang Jinhui , Xu Liusheng , Hu Zhenkui , Xu Wenrong , Tao Zhimin 
Published: August 2021

Background: Amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we analyzed clinical characteristics of acute lung injury (ALI) in COVID-19 patients and reported their similarity and dissimilarity to those of non-COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).Methods: We reported on 90 COVID-19 and 130 non-COVID-19 ALI patients in the ICUs of multiple centers. Demographic data, medical histories, laboratory findings, and radiological images were analyzed and compared between the two cohorts and within each cohort between survivors and non-survivors. For ALI survivors, clinical characteristics before and after treatment were also compared.Findings: Aberrations in blood parameters, such as leukocytosis, neutrophilia, and thrombocytopenia, were observed in both cohorts. More characteristic abnormalities, including significantly higher red cell distribution width (RDW), C-reactive proteins, and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) but lower troponin (TnT) and procalcitonin, were observed in the COVID-19 cohort than in the non-COVID-19 cohort, whereas D-dimer levels showed a similar elevation in both cohorts. The COVID-19 cohort also showed more diversified CT patterns where severe features such as consolidations and crazy paving patterns were more frequently observed. Multivariate analysis indicated that age, fever symptom, prothrombin time, procalcitonin, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, oxygenated hemoglobin, and crazy paving patterns in CT scans were independent risk factors associated with COVID-19.Interpretation: Comparison of ALI characteristics between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients in the ICU setting provided insight into the pathogenesis of ALI induced by different risk factors, suggesting distinct treatment plans.
CISD2 Promotes Resistance to Sorafenib-Induced Ferroptosis by Regulating Autophagy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Li Bowen , Wei Shibo , Yang Liang , Peng Xueqiang , Ma Yingbo , Wu Bo , Fan Qing , Yang Shuo , Li Xinyu , Jin Hongyuan , Tang Shilei , Huang Mingyao , Li Hangyu , Liu Jingang 
Published: August 2021

PurposeSorafenib is a multi-kinase inhibitor that is used as a standard treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanism of sorafenib resistance in HCC is still unclear. It has been shown that CISD2 expression is related to the progression and poor prognosis of HCC. Here, we show a new role for CISD2 in sorafenib resistance in HCC.MethodsBioinformatic analysis was used to detect the expression of negative regulatory genes of ferroptosis in sorafenib-resistant samples. The concentration gradient method was used to establish sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of CISD2, LC3, ERK, PI3K, AKT, mTOR, and Beclin1 in HCC samples. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to detect gene expression. CISD2 shRNA and Beclin1 shRNA were transfected to knock down the expression of the corresponding genes. Cell viability was detected by a CCK-8 assay. ROS were detected by DCFH-DA staining, and MDA and GSH were detected with a Lipid Peroxidation MDA Assay Kit and Micro Reduced Glutathione (GSH) Assay Kit, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and the levels of ROS and iron ions.ResultsCISD2 was highly expressed in HCC cells compared with normal cells and was associated with poor prognosis in patients. Knockdown of CISD2 promoted a decrease in the viability of drug-resistant HCC cells. CISD2 knockdown promoted sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in resistant HCC cells. The levels of ROS, MDA, and iron ions increased, but the change in GSH was not obvious. Knockdown of CISD2 promoted uncontrolled autophagy in resistant HCC cells. Inhibition of autophagy attenuated CISD2 knockdown-induced ferroptosis. The autophagy promoted by CISD2 knockdown was related to Beclin1. When CISD2 and Beclin1 were inhibited, the effect on ferroptosis was correspondingly weakened.ConclusionInhibition of CISD2 promoted sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in resistant cells, and this process promoted excessive iron ion accumulation through autophagy, leading to ferroptosis. The combination of CISD2 inhibition and sorafenib treatment is an effective therapeutic strategy for resistant HCC.