bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autonomous robotic rock breaking using a real‐time 3D visual perception system
Authors: Lampinen Santeri , Niu Longchuan , Hulttinen Lionel , Niemi Jouni , Mattila Jouni 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCrushing of blasted ore is an essential phase in extraction of valuable minerals in mining industry. It is typically performed in multiple stages with each stage producing finer fragmentation. Performance and throughput of the first stage of crushing is highly dependent on the size distribution of the blasted ore. In the crushing plant, a metal grate prevents oversized boulders from getting into the crusher jaws, and a human‐controlled hydraulic manipulator equipped with a rock hammer is required to break oversized boulders and ensure continuous material flow. This secondary breaking task is event‐based in the sense that ore trucks deliver boulders at irregular intervals, thus requiring constant human supervision to ensure continuous material flow and prevent blockages. To automatize such breaking tasks, an intelligent robotic control system along with a visual perception system (VPS) is essential. In this manuscript, we propose an autonomous breaker system that includes a VPS capable of detecting multiple irregularly shaped rocks, a robotic control system featuring a decision‐making mechanism for determining the breaking order when dealing with multiple rocks, and a comprehensive manipulator control system. We present a proof of concept for an autonomous robotic boulder breaking system, which consists of a stereo‐camera‐based VPS and an industrial rock‐breaking manipulator robotized with our retrofitted system design. The experiments in this study were conducted in a real‐world setup, and the results were evaluated based on the success rates of breaking. The experiments yielded an average success rate of 34% and a break pace of 3.3 attempts per minute.
Strategic Text Processing Across Mediums: A Verbal Protocol Study
Authors: Latini Natalia , Bråten Ivar 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUsing a sample of 116 Norwegian undergraduate readers in this experimental study, we investigated whether reading informational text on a tablet versus on paper would lead to differences with respect to strategic text processing and text comprehension. Strategic text processing was measured by means of verbal protocol analysis, and text comprehension was measured by means of postreading written products. Results were inconsistent with the shallowing hypothesis proposing that there are comprehension advantages for printed texts because digital texts are typically processed in a more shallow, superficial way. That is, we found no differences across the reading mediums with respect to strategic text processing or text comprehension. These results may suggest that there are boundaries to the shallowing hypothesis that are related to tasks, individual differences, and reading contexts. Such potential boundaries are discussed in light of the current findings, and suggestions for future research to clarify those boundaries are offered.
Finite element analysis of rectangular and flanged steel‐concrete shear walls under cyclic loading
Authors: Asgarpoor Masoumeh , Gharavi Ali , Epackachi Siamak , Mirghaderi Seyed Rasoul 
Published: May 2021

SummaryThe seismic performance of steel‐plate concrete (SC) shear walls is numerically investigated for various SC wall geometrical shapes. Steel faceplates and infill concrete are two main components of SC walls; a full connection between steel and concrete is required for composite action. A comprehensive set of SC wall specimens with different cross‐sectional shapes and geometrical properties were tested in the literature for evaluating their seismic behavior. The numerical responses of 17 tested SC walls, including rectangular, T‐shaped, and flanged walls, isolated and coupled walls, with and without boundary elements and endplates, subjected to cyclic lateral loading and a wide range of axial load ratio from 0.065 to 0.4, are evaluated using a finite element‐based software, LS‐DYNA. The predicted force‐displacement diagrams, failure modes, and damping ratios of the finite element models reasonably match the test observations. Also, three main analysis and design issues are evaluated, including the effect of coefficient of friction between concrete and steel faceplates, the effect of modeling pullout of shear studs from the concrete on the global response of SC walls, and the importance of the presence of shear studs and tie rods and the possible changes that may happen by changing the connector spacing to faceplate thickness ratio.
Incidence and demographic risk factors for leptospirosis in dogs in the UK
Authors: Taylor Collette , O'Neill Dan G. , Catchpole Brian , Brodbelt Dave C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo estimate the annual incidence risk of leptospirosis diagnosis in practice‐attending dogs in the UK during 2016 and identify risk factors for diagnosis.MethodsIncidence of leptospirosis diagnosis in dogs during 2016 was estimated from dogs in primary‐care practices from the VetCompass Programme (n = 905,543). A case‐control study of laboratory cases (n = 362) versus VetCompass controls explored factors (age, sex, neutering, breed, Kennel Club group, urban‐rural location, indices of deprivation) associated with leptospirosis diagnosis through multivariable logistic regression.ResultsAnnual incidence risk of leptospirosis in the VetCompass population was 0.8 cases per 100,000 dogs (0.0008%, 95% CI 9.1 × 10–8–5.2 × 10–5). Adult dogs, especially 1‐ < 5 years olds (odds ratio [OR] = 0.38, 95% CI 0.27–0.54), and dogs attending urban clinics (OR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.19–0.35) had reduced odds of leptospirosis versus dogs < 1 year old and rural dogs, respectively. Dogs attending clinics in less deprived areas had increased odds of diagnosis (OR = 3.63, 95% CI 2.28–5.78) compared to crossbreds, Cocker Spaniels (OR = 4.25, 95% CI 2.65–6.84), Collies (OR = 3.53, 95% CI 2.22–5.62) and Lurchers (OR = 3.49, 95% CI 1.50–8.11) had increased odds of diagnosis.DiscussionLeptospirosis is rarely diagnosed in clinical practice, suggesting that many true cases may be missed. Demographic risk factors identified here may inform the index of suspicion and encourage increased use of confirmatory diagnostic testing.
Methodische Grundlagen
Authors: Dix Carolin 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel stellt die zentralen methodischen Forschungslinien dar, denen die Analyse folgt. Im Fokus steht die Entwicklung von der Ethnomethodologie bis hin zur Multimodalen Interaktionsanalyse sowie Entwicklungen innerhalb der Vidoanalyse als wichtigem Instrument einer mikrostrukturellen, multimodalen, empirischen Untersuchung.
Datenerhebung & Corpus
Authors: Dix Carolin 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Arbeit folgt dem videografischen Zugang, wie ihn Knoblauch, Heath, Mondada und andere für die qualitative Sozialforschung und die Multimodale Interaktionsanalyse beschrieben haben. Im Zuge dieser Ausrichtung ist auch für die vorliegende Arbeit die Erhebung natürlicher Daten authentischer Predigtereignisse im jeweiligen Vollzug zentral. Das Kapitel skizziert das Vorgehen bei der Datenerhebung und stellt das erhobene Datenkorpus vor.
Institutionelle Einbettung & Gottesdienst
Authors: Dix Carolin 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungAnhand der Gottesdienstordnungen unterschiedlicher Konfessionen setzt sich das Kapitel mit der institutionellen Einbettung christlicher Predigten auseinander, zeigt die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Gottesdienstgestaltung und Predigt und fragt nach den, auf der Ebene der Außenstruktur zu verortenden, charakteristischen Merkmalen von Predigten.
Multimodale Konstitution des Predigtereignisses
Authors: Dix Carolin 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel arbeitet anhand von Beispielen die typische Struktur der untersuchten Predigten heraus und nimmt dazu die zwei obligatorischen Aktivitätstypen Eröffnung der Predigt und Beendigung der Predigt genauer in den Blick. Essenziell ist hier wieder die in dieser Arbeit vorgenommene Unterscheidung zwischen der Predigt als Gesamtereignis und dem Wortbeitrag als einem wesentlichen Aktivitätstyp der Gattung. Die Darstellungen machen deutlich, dass die Predigt ein von allen Beteiligten wechselseitig und interaktiv hergestelltes Ereignis ist, zu dessen Realisierung verbale, vokale und visuelle Elemente genutzt werden.
Wissen in der Predigt
Authors: Dix Carolin 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungEin zentraler Baustein der Gattungstheorie Luckmannscher Tradition ist die Auseinandersetzung mit ‚Wissen‘ als Voraussetzung sozialer Interaktion, das sich in einem spezifischen Gattungs- und Handlungswissen manifestiert und zur erfolgreichen Realisierung der jeweiligen Gattung dient, und als Produkt und Gegenstand der Interaktion.Wie explizit dies geschieht und welches Wissen relevant gesetzt wird, ist jedoch gattungsspezifisch und abhängig von der kommunikativen Funktion des Umgangs mit Wissen. Das Kapitel zeigt auf, welche Rolle die Zuschreibung und Vermittlung von Wissen im Wortbeitrag christlicher Predigten spielt und welche Wissensarten verhandelt werden. Darüber hinaus beschreibt es die Predigt als rekonstruktiv-prospektive Gattung.
Dialogizität in der Predigt
Authors: Dix Carolin 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungEiner der meistdiskutierten Aspekte in Bezug auf die Predigt ist die Frage nach ihrem kommunikativ-dialogischen Charakter. Aufgrund der strukturell-formalen Eigenschaften erscheint die Predigt zunächst aber als vordergründig monologisches Geschehen. Das Kapitel zeigt jedoch auf, dass die Predigt vor allem bei ihrer Eröffnung und ihrer Beendigung ein interaktives Geschehen ist, bei dem alle Beteiligten rezipok involviert sind. Darüber hinaus verdeutlicht das Kapitel, das auch im Wortbeitrag interaktive Sequenzen möglich sind und beschreibt die Bedingungen, unter denen ein unmittelbarer Sprecherwechsel möglich ist.
Forschungsfrage & Forschungsziele
Authors: Dix Carolin 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel stellt die zentralen Fragestellungen und Zielsetzungen der Untersuchung vor. So ist es das Anliegen, eine konzise Darstellung und Beschreibung der christlichen Predigt als kommunikative Gattung zu leisten und damit eine nach wie vor vorhandene Forschungslücke zu schließen. In diesem Zusammenhang ist es das Ziel, die multimodale Herstellung und Durchführung des Predigtereignisses zu beschreiben und das Zusammenspiel verbaler, vokaler, visuell-leiblicher und darüber hinaus materieller Ressourcen herauszuarbeiten.
Sprachliche Gattungen (Michail Bachtin)
Authors: Dix Carolin 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungFür Michail Bachtin vollziehen sich alle sprachlichen Äußerungen und jeglicher Gebrauch von Sprache, egal ob mündlich oder schriftlich, in sprachlichen Gattungen. Für die Analyse von Predigten ist das Modell der sprachlichen Gattungen vor allem durch die Einteilung in primäre und sekundäre Gattung, die Perspektive auf die Rezipierenden und die weite Auffassung von Dialogizität attraktiv. Das Kapitel stellt den Zugang Bachtins vor und grenzt ihn vom Gattungskonzept nach Luckmann ab.
GUT-constrained supersymmetry and dark matter in light of the new (g − 2)μ determination
Authors: Chakraborti Manimala , Roszkowski Leszek , Trojanowski Sebastian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe recent confirmation by the Fermilab-based Muon g-2 experiment of the (g −2)μanomaly has important implications for allowed particle spectra in softly broken supersymmetry (SUSY) models with neutralino dark matter (DM). Generally, the DM has to be quite light, with the mass up to a few hundred GeV, and bino-dominated if it is to provide most of DM in the Universe. Otherwise, a higgsino or wino dominated DM is also allowed but only as a strongly subdominant component of at most a few percent of the total density. These general patterns can easily be found in the phenomenological models of SUSY but in GUT-constrained scenarios this proves much more challenging. In this paper we revisit the issue in the framework of some unified SUSY models with different GUT boundary conditions on the soft masses. We study the so-called non-universal gaugino model (NUGM) in which the mass of the gluino is disunified from those of the bino and the wino and an SO(10) and an SU(5) GUT-inspired models as examples. We find that in these unified frameworks the above two general patterns of DM can also be found, and thus the muon anomaly can also be accommodated, unlike in the simplest frameworks of the CMSSM or the NUHM. We show the resulting values of direct detection cross-section for points that do and do not satisfy the muon anomaly. On the other hand, it will be challenging to access those solutions at the LHC because the resulting spectra are generally very compressed.
Maximal Regularity for Non-autonomous Evolutionary Equations
Authors: Trostorff Sascha , Waurick Marcus 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe discuss the issue of maximal regularity for evolutionary equations with non-autonomous coefficients. Here evolutionary equations are abstract partial-differential algebraic equations considered in Hilbert spaces. The catch is to consider time-dependent partial differential equations in an exponentially weighted Hilbert space. In passing, one establishes the time derivative as a continuously invertible, normal operator admitting a functional calculus with the Fourier–Laplace transformation providing the spectral representation. Here, the main result is then a regularity result for well-posed evolutionary equations solely based on an assumed parabolic-type structure of the equation and estimates of the commutator of the coefficients with the square root of the time derivative. We thus simultaneously generalise available results in the literature for non-smooth domains. Examples for equations in divergence form, integro-differential equations, perturbations with non-autonomous and rough coefficients as well as non-autonomous equations of eddy current type are considered.
Surgically induced astigmatism and coupling effect-mediated keratometric changes after conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery
Authors: Angermann Reinhard , Palme Christoph , Segnitz Philipp , Dimmer Andreas , Schmid Eduard , Hofer Markus , Steger Bernhard 
Published: May 2021

Summary
Background
The aim of the present study was to describe surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) and the coupling effect after conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery (CPS) in relation to the incisional axis.

Material and methods
A total of 42 patients were included in the retrospective case series study. Corneal topography was obtained for patients with significant cataract before and 6 weeks after CPS with a main clear corneal incision size of 2.4 mm. Patients were grouped according to the relationship of the incisional axis to the position of the steep axis into a steep incisional group and a flat incisional group.

Results
In total, 46 eyes were included in the study. While the steep incisional group showed an SIA of −0.15 D (± 0.35), the flat incisional group had a significantly higher SIA of 0.20 D (± 0.51) (p = 0.03). The coupling ratio (CR) in the steep incisional group was −0.38 (± 1.41) and in the flat incisional group it was 0.16 (± 0.97). Correspondingly, a coupling constant (CC) of −0.25 was found for group 1 and a CC of 0.0 for group 2.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that the location of the main incision should be decided with consideration of the corneal astigmatism in order to minimize the SIA. The CR helps to understand the effect of induced astigmatism and the change in spherical equivalent.
Metabolomics and lipid profile analysis of Coccomyxa melkonianii SCCA 048
Authors: Fais Giacomo , Malavasi Veronica , Scano Paola , Soru Santina , Caboni Pierluigi , Cao Giacomo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWith an unsupervised GC–MS metabolomics approach, polar metabolite changes of the microalgae Coccomyxa melkonianii SCCA 048 grown under standard conditions for seven weeks were studied. C. melkonianii was sampled at the Rio Irvi River, in the mining site of Montevecchio-Ingurtosu (Sardinia, Italy), which is severely contaminated by heavy metals and shows high concentrations of sulfates. The partial-least-square (PLS) analysis of the GC–MS data indicated that growth of C. melkonianii was characterized by an increase of the levels of threonic acid, myo-inositol, malic acid, and fumaric acid. Furthermore, at the sixth week of exponential phase the lipid fingerprint of C. melkonianii was studied by LC-QTOF-MS. C. melkonianii lipid extract characterized through an iterative MS/MS analysis showed the following percent levels: 61.34 ± 0.60% for triacylglycerols (TAG); 11.55 ± 0.09% for diacylglyceryltrimethyl homoserines (DGTS), 11.34 ± 0.10% for sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDG) and, 5.29 ± 0.04% for lysodiacylglyceryltrimethyl homoserines (LDGTS). Noteworthy, we were able to annotate different fatty acid ester of hydroxyl fatty acid, such as FAHFA (18:1_20:3), FAHFA (18:2_20:4), FAHFA (18:0_20:2), and FAHFA (18:1_18:0), with relevant biological activity. These approaches can be useful to study the biochemistry of this extremophile algae in the view of its potential exploitation in the phycoremediation of polluted mining areas.
Arbeitszufriedenheit und Burnout in der präklinischen Notfallversorgung
Authors: Roth Karsten , Baier Natalie , Busse Reinhard , Henschke Cornelia 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Einsätze unter unterschiedlichen und erschwerten Bedingungen können Burnout-Werte für Mitarbeiter im Rettungsdienst erhöhen. Zufriedenheit am Arbeitsplatz wird als Faktor gesehen, der im Zusammenhang mit erhöhten Burnout-Werten steht.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziele waren die Untersuchung der Arbeitszufriedenheit und des Burnout-Syndroms bei nichtärztlichen Mitarbeitern im Rettungsdienst sowie die Analyse des Zusammenhangs zwischen hohen Burnout-Werten und Faktoren der Zufriedenheit.

Material und Methoden
Mittels eines Onlinefragebogens wurden Mitarbeiter zu Arbeitszufriedenheit und Aspekten, die das Erleben des Burnouts messen, befragt. Einer deskriptiven Auswertung folgte eine Zusammenhangsanalyse zwischen Arbeitszufriedenheit und einzelnen Burnout-Dimensionen (emotionale Erschöpfung [EE] und Depersonalisierung [DP]) mittels binärer logistischer Regressionen.

Ergebnisse
In die Analyse wurden 1082 Fragebögen einbezogen. Die Majorität der Studienteilnehmer war männlich, jünger als 40 Jahre und in Vollzeit tätig. In den Dimensionen EE und DP wiesen 26,2 % bzw. 40,0 % der Befragten hohe Burnout-Werte auf. Zwischen 17,7 % und 75,9 % der Befragten waren mit einzelnen Aspekten des Arbeitsplatzes unzufrieden (z. B. Flexibilität des Dienstplans, Fortbildungsurlaub, Gehalt, beruflicher Status). Die Zufriedenheit mit dem beruflichen Status und der Berufswahl ist signifikant mit niedrigeren Burnout-Werten in den Dimensionen EE und DP assoziiert.

Diskussion
Die Ergebnisse zeigen die Notwendigkeit einer Verbesserung der Arbeitsbedingungen. Die negative Assoziation zwischen der Zufriedenheit mit dem beruflichen Status sowie der Berufswahl und Burnout-Werten sollte die Diskussion über Strategien zur Anerkennung der Berufe aus gesellschaftlicher Sicht noch stärker anstoßen.
Weighted statistical binary patterns for facial feature representation
Authors: Truong Hung Phuoc , Nguyen Thanh Phuong , Kim Yong-Guk 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe present a novel framework for efficient and robust facial feature representation based upon Local Binary Pattern (LBP), called Weighted Statistical Binary Pattern, wherein the descriptors utilize the straight-line topology along with different directions. The input image is initially divided into mean and variance moments. A new variance moment, which contains distinctive facial features, is prepared by extracting rootk-th. Then, when Sign and Magnitude components along four different directions using the mean moment are constructed, a weighting approach according to the new variance is applied to each component. Finally, the weighted histograms of Sign and Magnitude components are concatenated to build a novel histogram of Complementary LBP along with different directions. A comprehensive evaluation using six public face datasets suggests that the present framework outperforms the state-of-the-art methods and achieves 98.51% for ORL, 98.72% for YALE, 98.83% for Caltech, 99.52% for AR, 94.78% for FERET, and 99.07% for KDEF in terms of accuracy, respectively. The influence of color spaces and the issue of degraded images are also analyzed with our descriptors. Such a result with theoretical underpinning confirms that our descriptors are robust against noise, illumination variation, diverse facial expressions, and head poses.
Effects of Body Forces on the Statistics of Flame Surface Density and Its Evolution in Statistically Planar Turbulent Premixed Flames
Authors: Varma Arun Ravi , Ahmed Umair , Chakraborty Nilanjan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBody forces such as buoyancy and externally imposed pressure gradients are expected to have a strong influence on turbulent premixed combustion due to the considerable changes in density between the unburned and fully burned gases. The present work utilises Direct Numerical Simulation data of three-dimensional statistically planar turbulent premixed flames to study the influence of body forces on the statistical behaviour of the flame surface density (FSD) and its evolution within the flame brush. The analysis has been carried out for different turbulence intensities and normalised body force values (i.e., Froude numbers). A positive value of the body force signifies an unstable density stratification (i.e., body force is directed from the heavier unburned gas to the lighter burned gas) and vice versa. It is found that for a given set of turbulence parameters, flame wrinkling increases with an increase in body force magnitude in the unstable configuration. Furthermore, higher magnitudes of body force in the unstable density stratification configuration promote a gradient type transport of turbulent scalar and FSD fluxes, and this tendency weakens in the stable density stratification configuration where a counter-gradient type transport is promoted. The statistical behaviours of the different terms in the FSD transport equation and their closures in the context of Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes simulations have been analysed in detail. It has been demonstrated that the effects of body force on the FSD and the terms of its transport equation weakens with increasing turbulence intensity as a result of the diminishing relative strength of body force in comparison to the inertial force. The predictions of the existing models have been assessed with respect to the corresponding terms extracted from the explicitly averaged DNS data, and based on this evaluation, suitable modifications have been made to the existing models to incorporate the effects of body force (or Froude number).