bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quasihomeomorphisms and Skula spaces
Authors: Echi Othman 
Published: October 2021

Let [Formula: see text] be a topological space. By the Skula topology (or the [Formula: see text]-topology) on [Formula: see text], we mean the topology [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text] with basis the collection of all [Formula: see text]-locally closed sets of [Formula: see text], the resulting space [Formula: see text] will be denoted by [Formula: see text]. We show that the following results hold: (1) [Formula: see text] is an Alexandroff space if and only if the [Formula: see text]-reflection [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is a [Formula: see text]-space. (2) [Formula: see text] is a Noetherian space if and only if [Formula: see text] is finite. (3) If we denote by [Formula: see text] the Alexandroff extension of [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] if and only if [Formula: see text] is a Noetherian quasisober space. We also give an alternative proof of a result due to Simmons concerning the iterated Skula spaces, namely, [Formula: see text]. A space is said to be clopen if its open sets are also closed. In [R. E. Hoffmann, Irreducible filters and sober spaces, Manuscripta Math. 22 (1977) 365–380], Hoffmann introduced a refinement clopen topology [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]: The indiscrete components of [Formula: see text] are of the form [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is the intersection of all open sets of [Formula: see text] containing [Formula: see text] (equivalently, [Formula: see text]). We show that [Formula: see text]
A Literature Review of MADM Applications for Site Selection Problems — One Decade Review from 2011 to 2020
Authors: Zolfani Sarfaraz Hashemkhani , Hasheminasab Hamidreza , Torkayesh Ali Ebadi , Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras , Derakhti Arman 
Published: October 2021

Site selection is a multi-dimensional optimization problem that influences a wide variety of stakeholders from local communities and authorities to governments, environmental protection agencies, etc. Locating an energy project as well as transportation infrastructure projects, for instance, are of great strategic importance and are connected to the top-level regulations and policy levels. These problems are significant from strategic levels to the productivity of a single construction project level, from energy to transportation and from infrastructure to residential buildings.A large number of publications in this field of study prove this significance. However, regarding the variety of applications, managerial decision levels, and the growing number of studies, it is important to comprehend the latest trends and conclude an appropriate research path in this field.This study is mainly focused on the application of MADM methodologies on locating problems by which many studies are carried out and have a high coincidence with the locating problem environment. Consequently, 425 studies are considered in this study, and 217 more relevant papers are selected for the subsequent reviews. Based on the results, Energy projects are by far the most frequent field of study in this regard which are considered as renewable and nonrenewable categories. Also, environmental planning and sustainable site selection are of secondary importance.
Guidelines for in vivo mouse models of myocardial infarction
Authors: Lindsey Merry L. , Brunt Keith R. , Kirk Jonathan A. , Kleinbongard Petra , Calvert John W. , de Castro Brás Lisandra E. , DeLeon-Pennell Kristine Y. , Del Re Dominic P. , Frangogiannis Nikolaos G. , Frantz Stefan , Gumina Richard J. , Halade Ganesh V. , Jones Steven P. , Ritchie Rebecca H. , Spinale Francis G. , Thorp Edward B. , Ripplinger Crystal M. , Kassiri Zamaneh 
Published: October 2021

Despite significant improvements in reperfusion strategies, acute coronary syndromes all too often culminate in a myocardial infarction (MI). The consequent MI can, in turn, lead to remodeling of the left ventricle (LV), the development of LV dysfunction, and ultimately progression to heart failure (HF). Accordingly, an improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms of MI remodeling and progression to HF is necessary. One common approach to examine MI pathology is with murine models that recapitulate components of the clinical context of acute coronary syndrome and subsequent MI. We evaluated the different approaches used to produce MI in mouse models and identified opportunities to consolidate methods, recognizing that reperfused and nonreperfused MI yield different responses. The overall goal in compiling this consensus statement is to unify best practices regarding mouse MI models to improve interpretation and allow comparative examination across studies and laboratories. These guidelines will help to establish rigor and reproducibility and provide increased potential for clinical translation. Listen to another corresponding podcast at https://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/guidelines-for-in-vivo-mouse-models-of-myocardial-infarction/ .
Understanding the Role of the Otolaryngology Hospitalist: Tracheostomies and Tracheostomy Care
Authors: Issa Mohamad , El-Kouri Nadeem , Mater Sara , Lee Jonathan Y. , Snyderman Carl , Lee Yan 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The concept of a hospitalist has been well established. This model has been associated with reduced length of stay contributing to reduction in healthcare costs. Minimal literature is available assessing the effects of an otolaryngology (ENT) hospitalist at a tertiary medical center. The aim of this study is to assess the role of an ENT hospitalist on (1) performing tracheostomies and (2) providing care as part of the tracheostomy care team (TCT). Methods: Retrospective chart review of all tracheostomies performed by the ENT service over 2 years (July 2015-June 2017), and prospective data collection of all tracheostomy care consults over 1 year (July 2016-June 2017). In year 1 (from July 2015 to June 2016), no ENT hospitalist was employed, and in year 2 (from July 2016 to June 2017), an ENT hospitalist was employed. Results: Compared to other Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) surgeons, the ENT hospitalist performed tracheostomies with shorter patient wait times, and performed a greater proportion of percutaneous tracheostomies at the bedside versus open tracheostomies in the operating room. The tracheostomy care team (TCT) received 91 consults over the course of 1 year with an average of 1.1 billable procedures generated per consult. Conclusion: In this study, an ENT hospitalist was decreased patient wait time to tracheostomy and increased bedside percutaneous tracheostomies, which has positive implications for resource utilization and healthcare cost. The average wait time to receive a tracheostomy was reduced when calculated across the entire department due to the availability of the ENT hospitalist to see and perform tracheostomies. The TCT generated many billable bedside procedures in addition to encouraged decannulation of patients. This study highlights the fact that the ENT hospitalist contributes to providing expedient tracheostomies and provides valuable consulting services as part of a TCT at a high-volume tertiary care facility.
Psychological distress among patients awaiting histopathologic results after prostate biopsy: An unaddressed concern
Authors: Sarchi Luca , Eissa Ahmed , Puliatti Stefano , Amato Marco , Assumma Simone , Calcagnile Tommaso , Ticonosco Marco , Iseppi Andrea , Toso Stefano , Sighinolfi Maria Chiara , Bianchi Giampaolo , Micali Salvatore , Rocco Bernardo 
Published: October 2021

Background: Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed neoplasm in men. From the introduction of PSA testing, an increasing number of men undergoes prostate biopsy (PBX). While the physical side effects of PBx have been well investigated, its psychological impact has been under-evaluated. Aim: The aim of our study is to investigate the presence of psychological distress (anxiety and depression) in patients waiting for histopathological results after prostate biopsy (PBx). Methods: From February to April 2019, 51 consecutive patients undergoing prostate biopsies at our institution were included. Age, PSA, DRE, familiarity for prostate cancer, number of previous biopsies, type of anesthesia, number of cores were recorded. All patients filled the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), a psychometric Likert-scale questionnaire, before receiving the histopathological results of their PBx. Results: The prevalence of psychological distress among patients awaiting histopathologic results is 41% (21/51 patients), with anxiety being the main component of their distress. On multivariate analysis, PSA, family history, and repeat biopsy were significantly associated with anxiety and depression. Conclusion: Patients undergoing PBx experience a burden of psychological distress waiting for histopathologic results, especially anxiety. Appropriate counseling should be offered to patients at high risk of developing psychological distress after PBx. Future goals would include technological improvements to shorten the time between biopsy and definitive results.
Battlefield acupuncture appears to be an effective therapy for pain management
Authors: Kim Hyaehwan , Markert Ronald , Burtson Kathryn 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The Department of Defense has been training primary care providers in battlefield acupuncture (BFA), a subtype of auricular acupuncture, as an adjunct therapy for pain management. Methods: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of BFA for pain management in an outpatient Internal Medicine clinic staffed by resident physicians. The target population for this single-center prospective cohort study were military beneficiaries at a medical treatment facility located at the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. Participants who met inclusion criteria were treated with BFA in addition to routine standard care for pain (n = 69). The control group was composed of participants who received routine standard care only without BFA (n = 27). Pain was assessed by a self-reported pain scale (0–10) at the time of encounter, immediately after BFA (for the intervention group), then at 24 and 48 h afterwards. Results: Mean pain for the intervention group decreased from 5.45 before BFA to 3.29 immediately following BFA to 2.21 at 24 h and to 2.10 at 48 h (p < 0.001). Thus, at all three post-treatment time points, mean decrease in pain surpassed a two-point reduction, deemed to be a clinically important difference. The BFA group had a greater reduction in pain compared to the no intervention group at 24 h (3.14 vs 0.59, p < 0.001) and at 48 h (3.26 vs 0.96, p < 0.001). Four intervention group participants (6%) reported an adverse reaction (three with pain at the insertion site) or complication (one with superficial infection). Conclusion: BFA provided by Internal Medicine residents appears to be a safe and effective adjunct therapy for pain management in an outpatient setting, but requires further validation by randomized controlled trials.
ADHD and ODD Dimensions: Time Varying Prediction of Internalizing Problems from Childhood to Adolescence
Authors: So Felix K. , Chavira Denise , Lee Steve S. 
Published: October 2021

Objective Although childhood ADHD is a risk factor for internalizing problems, it consists of separable inattention and hyperactivity dimensions that differentially predict outcomes. Oppositional defiant disorder also consists of separable dimensions (i.e., irritable, oppositional), co-occurs with ADHD, and predicts internalizing outcomes. To discern independent associations with internalizing problems, dimensions must be considered simultaneously. Methods Controlling for age, sex, and race, we tested inattention, hyperactivity, irritability, and oppositionality as time-varying predictors of 6 to 7-year prospective change in parent- and teacher-rated internalizing problems in 230 ethnically- diverse (50% Caucasian) 5 to 10 year old youth ( M = 7.4 years, 68% male) with ( n = 120) and without ADHD ( n = 110). Results Escalating inattention and irritability, but not hyperactivity and oppositionality, uniquely predicted internalizing problems. Conclusion These findings suggest that inattention and irritability are unique risk factors for later internalizing problems. These dimensions may catalyze internalizing problems across development and constitute important intervention targets.
Optical coherence tomography angiography analysis of aneurismal type 1 neovascularization in a cohort of white patients
Authors: Montero Hernández Javier , Remolí Sargues Lidia , Monferrer Adsuara Clara , Castro Navarro Verónica , Navarro Palop Catalina , Cervera Taulet Enrique 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: To evaluate the detection rate of aneurysmal type 1 neovascularization (AT1) in Caucasian patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to describe OCTA characteristics of AT1 in a cohort of white patients. Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective study in 44 eyes of 43 patients with AT1. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including fundus imaging, indocyanine green angiography, optical coherence tomography, and OCTA. Branching vascular network (BVN) and polyp detection rates by OCTA were evaluated. Furthermore, we described BVN and polyp morphologies on en face OCTA and flow of polyps on B-scan OCTA. Results: En face OCTA revealed BVN in 84.09% of cases and polypoidal lesions in 86.36% of cases. B-scan OCTA showed BVN and polyps in 95.45% and 93.18% of the patients, respectively. “Trunk” BVNs (51.35%) and “ring” polyps (47.37%) were the most frequent morphologies observed in our cohort, and “patchy hyperflow” (80.49%) signal was the most common visualized in our patients. Regarding OCT parameters, CT under polyps was higher in patients with positive detection of polyps on B-scan OCTA. Conclusion: OCTA is a possible diagnosis tool in Caucasian patients with AT1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest study performed in Caucasian patients regarding OCTA diagnostic abilities and features.
A 10-min novel technique for involutional entropion: Mini-incisional continuous ligation everting sutures
Authors: Choi Yong M , Kim Namju 
Published: October 2021

Purpose To introduce a novel technique of mini-incisional continuous ligation everting sutures for correction of involutional entropion and report the surgical outcome. Methods A retrospective case series. Eighty-five eyelids of 77 patients who underwent correction of involutional lower lid entropion using mini-incisional continuous ligation everting sutures were included in this study. The medical records of patients with at least 24 months of follow-up after surgery were reviewed. We collected information on demographic and clinical characteristics, including sex, age at surgery, duration of follow-up, horizontal lid laxity, surgical outcomes, and complications. Main outcome measures were success of surgery, recurrence rate, time to recurrence, and risk factors for recurrence. Results The median (interquartile range) age at the time of surgery was 72.0 (65.5–78.0) years and the median (interquartile range) follow-up duration was 24.0 (24.0–42.5) months. Thirty-seven eyelids (43.5%) showed horizontal eyelid laxity on a lid distraction test The surgical outcome was successful in the majority of patients (94.1%) with a recurrence rate of 5.9% in the 2 years after surgery. Only female sex was significantly correlated with recurrence of entropion (odds ratio 9.466, 95% confidence interval 1.022 to 87.670, P  =  0.048). Conclusion This novel technique is a promising surgical modality for correction of lower lid involutional entropion because of its ease of application, simplicity, compatibility with anticoagulants, and low recurrence rate.
The effects of using spacer grafts on lower-eyelid retraction surgery in patients with facial nerve palsy
Authors: Kim Mi Jin , Choi Yong Min , Kim Namju , Choung Ho-Kyung , Khwarg Sang In 
Published: October 2021

Purpose To evaluate the effects of the concomitant use of spacer grafts in lateral tarsal strip surgery in patients with facial nerve palsy-related lower-eyelid retraction. Methods Patients who underwent lateral tarsal strip surgery to correct facial nerve palsy-related lower-eyelid retraction were retrospectively reviewed. Postoperative decreases in marginal reflex distance-2 values at 1, 2 and 6 months were measured along with the effects of spacer grafts. Results Forty-five patients (28 males) were included (mean age: 59.56 years). Mean preoperative marginal reflex distance-2 was 6.87 ± 1.34 mm. Twenty patients underwent lateral tarsal strip surgery only (lateral tarsal strip-only); 25 patients underwent lateral tarsal strip surgery using spacer grafts (lateral tarsal strip + graft). Median (interquartile range) follow-up duration was 12.0 (6.0–23.0) months. Retraction was significantly improved and maintained at 1, 2 and 6 months postoperatively in all patients (mean marginal reflex distance-2: 3.78 ± 1.06 mm, 4.30 ± 1.23 mm and 4.72 ± 1.11 mm, respectively). Surgical outcomes were significantly better in the lateral tarsal strip + graft than in the lateral tarsal strip-only group (Δmarginal reflex distance-2: 3.92 vs. 2.05 mm at 1 month, p < 0.001; 3.38 vs. 1.61 mm at 2 months, p = 0.001; 2.88 vs. 1.69 at 6 months, p = 0.042). Subgroup analyses by spacer graft type revealed no significant differences. Conclusion The concomitant use of spacer material in lateral tarsal strip surgery yielded better surgical outcomes than lateral tarsal strip surgery alone. The use of spacer grafts should be considered for correcting severe facial nerve palsy-related lower-eyelid retraction.
Macular dual retinitis with Herpes simplex and Cytomegalovirus following periocular corticosteroid in a patient of Pemphigus Vulgaris
Authors: Samanta Ramanuj , Puthalath Athul S. , Sood Gitanjli , Singh Ramandeep , Dogra Mohit 
Published: October 2021

Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis may occur in non-HIV individuals following systemic immunosuppressive treatment or periocular corticosteroid administration. However, simultaneous multiple viral retinitis is rare in HIV-negative individuals. We report a case of dual viral retinitis in a non-HIV female on systemic immunosuppressive for pemphigus vulgaris who was administered a periocular corticosteroid injection. Method A 32-year-old female on double immunosuppressive therapy (prednisolone and cyclophosphamide) for pemphigus vulgaris, presented with gradual painless diminution of vision in the right eye for one month. She was initially diagnosed to have possible autoimmune neuroretinitis by the referring ophthalmologist and received a single injection of posterior subtenon triamcinolone acetonide for the same. Her vision however deteriorated further and she received an intravitreal ganciclovir injection with a revised diagnosis of CMV retinitis. Due to suboptimal response she was referred to us. Aqueous Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed dual positivity for CMV and Herpes simplex virus. She was successfully managed with intravitreal ganciclovir injections, systemic acyclovir and tapering of systemic immunosuppressive drugs. Result The retinitis lesions resolved gradually leaving behind a pale optic disc and foveal atrophy at 12 weeks follow-up. Conclusion Infective etiology must be ruled out in immunosuppressed patients before considering periocular corticosteroids. Dual viral involvement, although rare, may cause fulminant retinitis in predisposed individuals. High index of suspicion and PCR from ocular fluids should be performed at the earliest in patients with atypical or poorly responding retinitis lesions.
The effect of patient positioning on the accuracy and reliability of assessment of knee range of motion over a telemedicine platform
Authors: Ho Sean Wei Loong , Tan Kelvin Guoping , Neoh Eng Chuan , Wong Jiayen , Roslan Atiq Syazwani , Huang Shirong , Tan Tong Leng 
Published: October 2021

Introduction Diagnostic accuracy is one of the key considerations of telemedicine usage in orthopedic surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal patient positioning to achieve accurate and reliable visual estimation of the knee joint range of motion over a digital platform for telemedicine. Methods A single volunteer was recruited to perform a total of 120 discrete and random knee range of motion angles in three patient positions: sitting, standing and supine. The patient image was broadcast over a digital platform to six raters. The raters recorded their visual estimation of each discrete knee flexion angle independently. After each discrete knee flexion angle, a physical goniometer was used to obtain the actual flexion angle of the knee. Results A total of 120 discrete measurements (40 measurements in the sitting, standing, and supine positions each) were recorded by each of the six raters. The supine position resulted in the highest intraclass correlation of 0.97 (95% confidence interval: 0.98, 0.99). All three patient positions achieved low absolute difference between the goniometer and the raters with 5.6 degrees (95% limits of agreement: −21.0, 9.8) in sitting, 2.7 degrees (95% limits of agreement: −10.1, 15.4), and 1.2 degrees (95% limits of agreement: −9.8, 12.3) in the supine position. The supine position had the highest accuracy and reliability. Discussion Visual estimation of the knee joint range of motion over telemedicine is clinically accurate and reliable. Patients should be assessed in a supine position to obtain the highest accuracy and reliability for visual estimation of the knee joint range of motion during telemedicine.
Study on the inhibitory effect of ulinastatin on caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis in acinar cells of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Lu Chengxiang , Guo Xueling , Wang Pingping , Qiu Ting , Zhan Linghui 
Published: October 2021

Objectives Pyroptosis, a special kind of cell death, is generally believed to aggravate the inflammatory response. It has been found that the acinar cell pyroptosis exits in the course of pancreatitis. Ulinastatin has the function of inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators, thereby reducing the inflammatory reaction, which suggests that ulinastatin has potential inhibitory effect on pyroptosis. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of ulinastatin on caspase-1-dependent acinar cell pyroptosis in acute pancreatitis. Methods Acute pancreatitis model was established by intraperitoneal injection of L-arginine. Rats in ulinastatin group were injected with ulinastatin intravenously after successful modeling. The pancreatic tissues of rats were subjected to pathological examination and detection of cleaved-caspase-1, GSDMD-N, IL-1β, and IL-18. Serum samples were also collected for measurement of IL-1β, IL-18, amylase, and lipase. Results Slight pathological damage of pancreas was observed in the pancreatitis and the ulinastatin group. Compared with the blank control group ( p < .05), the protein levels of cleaved-caspase-1, GSDMD-N, IL-1β, and IL-18 were significantly increased in pancreatitis group but decreased in ulinastatin group ( p < .05). The positive reaction of caspase-1 in pancreatitis group was significantly higher than that in the blank control group ( p < .05). After administration of ulinastatin, the positive reaction of caspase-1 was significantly lower than that in pancreatitis group ( p < .05). As for the levels of serum IL-1β and IL-18, they were significantly higher in pancreatitis group than those in the blank control group ( p < .05). Administration of ulinastatin significantly decreased the serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 ( p < .05). And the serum amylase and lipase levels elevated in pancreatitis group, while significantly inhibited by ulinastatin ( p < .05). Conclusions The results showed that the onset of acute pancreatitis was accompanied by obvious acinar cell pyroptosis. Ulinastatin could inhibit caspase-1-dependent acinar cell pyroptosis in acute pancreatitis.