bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and dialysis‐related characteristics of extremely long‐term hemodialysis survivors: Three case reports
Authors: Malgaj Vrečko Marija , Ponikvar Rafael , Gubenšek Jakob , Buturović Ponikvar Jadranka 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMore than 40‐year hemodialysis survivors are living evidence of the achievements of hemodialysis therapy. We present the case reports of three patients treated by chronic hemodialysis for 47 (Patient 1), 43 (Patient 2), and 42 years (Patient 3) from a single center. These patients possess characteristics that were already shown to be associated with improved long‐term survival: initiation of hemodialysis at a young age, absence of diabetes, and a relatively low and stable body weight with good nutritional status. Although all of them underwent complications of long‐term hemodialysis treatment, they lived (Patient 3), or are still living (Patients 1 and 2), an independent and full life. Their hemodialysis prescriptions included long sessions with a moderate blood flow rate, state‐of‐the‐art hemodialysis technology, vascular access surgeries and care provided by nephrologists, good overall management of chronic kidney disease, and preventive measures and/or immediate action in case of cardiovascular disease.
Developmental innervation of cranial dura mater and migraine headache: A narrative literature review
Authors: Witten Andrew , Marotta Dario , Cohen‐Gadol Aaron 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionMigraine headache prevalence, etiology, and clinical presentations change from childhood to adulthood. Dural innervation plays a role in headache symptomatology, but the changes in innervation during development have not been fully explored in the literature.MethodsA narrative literature review on developmental innervation of cranial dura mater in the context of migraine headache.ResultsDural structures, nerve distributions, and pain attributed to migraine headache at varying stages of development are discussed herein with a focus on clinical findings and presentations.ConclusionsThere are many differences in migraine presentation throughout development. Notably, the nervus spinosus and nervus tentorii may play a role in developmental differences in migraine headache presentations between children and adults.
Baseline sleep quality, stress, and depressive symptoms, and subsequent headache occurrence in a six‐week prospective cohort study of patients with episodic migraine
Authors: Vgontzas Angeliki , Li Wenyuan , Mostofsky Elizabeth , Mittleman Murray A. , Bertisch Suzanne M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectives/BackgroundDespite the high prevalence of sleep disturbance, stress, and depressive symptoms among patients with episodic migraine, there has been limited prospective research examining how these comorbid symptoms relate to future headache risk.MethodsWe conducted an a priori secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of 98 adults with episodic migraine recruited through Harvard‐affiliated medical centers and local college student clinics in Boston, MA. At baseline, participants completed validated questionnaires on sleep quality, stress, and depressive symptoms. Over the next 6 weeks, they recorded headaches on twice‐daily diaries. We conducted time‐to‐event analyses to evaluate whether these baseline symptoms were associated with headache recurrence.ResultsAt baseline, 45/98 (46%) participants had poor sleep quality, 51/98 (52%) reported moderate/high stress levels, and 18/98 (18%) had high depressive symptom scores. Over 4,406 person‐days, we observed 823 discrete headaches. In multivariable models, the hazard ratios for headache recurrence were: 1.22 (95% CI 1.02, 1.46) for people with baseline poor sleep, 1.12 (95% CI 0.93, 1.35) for those with baseline moderate/high stress compared to lower levels, and 1.31 (95% CI 1.05, 1.65) for the combination of poor sleep and moderate/high stress compared to the combination of good sleep and low stress. There was no association between depression scores and headache risk.ConclusionAmong patients with episodic migraine, poor sleep was associated with a higher rate of headache recurrence over the next 6 weeks, especially among those with coexisting moderate/high stress.
Asylum seekers’ experiences on the migration journey to Italy (and beyond): Risk factors and future planning within a shifting political landscape
Authors: Ortensi Livia Elisa , Kingston Lindsey N. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractImages of desperate migrants attempting to cross the Mediterranean Sea often encapsulate Italy's role in global migration, yet a variety of political developments – including the closing of Italian ports to humanitarian ships since 2018 – highlight a political landscape that is increasingly opposed to newcomers. This study utilises survey‐based, quantitative interviews with 810 asylum seekers in Lombardy, conducted in 2017 and 2018, to better understand the impacts of recent political shifts. Findings show that the journey is becoming more dangerous, and that extremely adverse conditions are experienced across a range of categories. Data also suggest that despite the high rates of victimisation and growing anti‐migration sentiment, migrants plan to remain in Italy and would most likely make the same choices. Moving forward, these preliminary data emphasise the need for additional research – perhaps made possible with new communication technologies – and long‐term strategic responses, rather than short‐term ‘emergency’ planning.
Health education interventions to promote health literacy in adults with selected non‐communicable diseases living in low‐to‐middle income countries: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Heine Martin , Lategan Frandene , Erasmus Misha , Lombaard Chris‐Mari , Mc Carthy Nina , Olivier Jeandri , van Niekerk Marnus , Hanekom Susan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesHealth illiteracy is an important contributor to the burden of non‐communicable diseases (NCDs); in particular in settings where health illiteracy is part of a perpetuating system of risk factors. Interventions that promote health literacy may provide an important tool in the primary and secondary prevention of NCDs. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of health literacy interventions on health literacy in the management of patients with selected NCDs living in low‐to‐middle income countries (LMIC).MethodsSeven electronic databases were searched (October 29, 2020) for RCTs aimed at improving health literacy in adults with NCDs in LMICs. Eligible NCDs included those pertaining to cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic respiratory disease (CRD) or Diabetes. Studies were included that explicitly focussed on improving health literacy, and reported comprehensive measures of health literacy, or components thereof (ie, knowledge, attitude or behaviour). Random‐effect meta‐analyses were conducted for continuous outcome measures (Hedges‐g).ResultsThe completed search yielded 2573 unique results of which 53 unique studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies included patients with cancer (n = 1, 2%), CRD (n = 8, 15%), CVD (n = 11, 21%) or Diabetes (n = 33, 62%). A significant (P < .01) summary effect was found for disease knowledge (SES = 1.27 [n = 23, 95%CI = 1.05‐1.49]), attitude (SES = 1.17 [n = 20, 95%CI = 0.88‐1.47]), and behaviour (SES = 1.20 [n = 31, 95%CI = 0.94‐1.46]).ConclusionsThese results support the conclusion that there is compelling evidence, in particular, for patients with Diabetes, that health‐literacy interventions are effective in promoting disease knowledge, attitude and behaviour across four chronic conditions that drive the burden of NCDs.
Racial disparity in end‐of‐life hospitalizations among nursing home residents with dementia
Authors: Temkin‐Greener Helena , Yan Di , Wang Sijiu , Cai Shubing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveExplore within and across nursing home (NH) racial disparities in end‐of‐life (EOL) hospitalizations for residents with Alzheimer's disease or related dementia (ADRD), and examine whether severe cognitive impairment influences these relationships.DesignObservational study merging, at the individual level, C2014‐2017 national‐level Minimum Data Set (MDS), Medicare Beneficiary Summary Files (MBSF), and Medicare Provider Analysis and Review (MedPAR). Nursing Home Compare (NHC) was also used.SettingLong‐stay residents who died in a NH or a hospital within 8 days of discharge.ParticipantsAnalytical sample included 665,033 decedent residents with ADRD in 14,595 facilities.Main outcomes and measuresThe outcome was hospitalization within 30 days of death. Key independent variables were race, severe cognitive impairment, and NH‐level proportion of black residents. Other covariates included socio‐demographics, dual eligibility, hospice enrollment, and chronic conditions. Facility‐level characteristics were also included (e.g. profit status, staffing hours, etc.). We fit linear probability models with robust standard errors, fixed and random effects.ResultsCompared to whites, black decedents had a significantly (p < 0.01) higher risk of EOL hospitalizations (7.88%). Among those with severe cognitive impairment, whites showed a lower risk of hospitalizations (6.04%). But EOL hospitalization risk among blacks with severe cognitive impairment was still significantly elevated (β = 0.0494; p < 0.01). A comparison of the base model with the fixed and random‐effects models showed statistically significant hospitalization risk by decedent's race both within and across facilities.Conclusions and relevanceWe found disparities between black and white residents with ADRD both within and across facilities. The within‐facility disparities may be due to residents' preferences and/or NH practices that contribute to differential treatment. The across facility differences point to the overall quality of care disparities in homes with a higher prevalence of black residents. Persistence of such systemic disparities among the most vulnerable individuals is extremely troubling.
The Quest for Indigenous Autonomy: Communication Media, Internal Conflicts, and Policy Reform in Colombia
Authors: Cortés Diego Mauricio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn 2013, the National Indigenous Organization of Colombia (ONIC) and the national government signed Agreement No. 547, which commissioned to the five main national indigenous organizations of the country the drafting of a bill to propel the strengthening of the indigenous media in Colombia. This political reform would represent a significant advance in the democratization of the historically monopolized and exclusive Colombian media landscape, thus fulfilling one of the mandates of the 1991 Colombian multicultural Constitution. However, due to internal conflicts within the indigenous leadership, these five organizations failed to present any bill to the Congress of the Republic of Colombia, wasting this historic opportunity. Based on this case, the discussion on “radical” Zapatista autonomy, and the concept of “indigenous utopias” proposed by Rappaport (2005) (rather than impossible dreams, objectives to strive for), this article argues that a robust autonomous indigenous governance depends on the constant search for a “utopian balance” between legal protections (centripetal forces) and de facto practices (centrifugal actions).
Attachment‐based family therapy in the age of telehealth and COVID‐19
Authors: Levy Suzanne , Mason Syreeta , Russon Jody , Diamond Guy 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has transformed so many aspects of our lives. For psychotherapists, telehealth is likely a permanent part of the future mental health landscape. For family therapists using a manualized treatment, this brings unique challenges and creative opportunities. In this article, we describe the adaptation of attachment‐based family therapy (ABFT) in the context of telehealth and COVID‐19. ABFT is an empirically supported treatment model designed for adolescents and young adults struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, and suicide. ABFT is a semi‐structured, process‐oriented, and trauma‐informed family therapy model which presents its own unique challenges and benefits in telehealth environments. We present our adaptations based on years of telehealth clinical experience and address how this model supports the impact of COVID‐19 on families.
Pituitrin local injection versus uterine artery embolization in the management of cesarean scar pregnancy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Jianing , Zhao Ruiheng , Qian Huiying , Lv Hongdao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTo compare the effect of pituitrin local injection (PIT) and uterine artery embolization (UAE) as pretreatment before surgery during the management of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP).MethodsForty‐nine CSP patients diagnosed in our department of Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital from October 2017 to October 2019. All patients underwent hysteroscopy and negative pressure aspiration (for type I CSP) or laparoscopic wedge‐resection (for type II and III CSP) following one of the preoperative treatments: PIT group (n = 26) and UAE group (n = 23). The baseline clinical data, intraoperative blood loss, blood transfusion rate, postoperative hospital stay, hospitalization expenses, postoperative pain, postoperative fever, postoperative serum β‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) level, and pregnancy outcome were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsThere was no significant difference (p ≥ 0.05) between two groups in baseline characteristics including age, gravidity, previous cesarean section times, interval since last cesarean delivery, menolipsis time, maximum diameter of gestational sac or mass under ultrasound, fetal cardiac activity and preoperative β‐hCG level. There was no significant difference in blood loss, transfusion rate, and postoperative β‐hCG reduction percentage (p ≥ 0.05) either. The postoperative hospital stay, hospitalization expenses, postoperative pain, and postoperative fever rate in PIT group were significantly lower than those in UAE group (p < 0.05). Moreover, β‐hCG level of all patients turned negative 1 month after surgery successfully.ConclusionsPIT pretreatment seems to be a same effective, more economical, and with fewer side effects pretreatment method compared to traditional UAE pretreatment in the management of CSP.
The association between quality of life and complementary and alternative medicine use in pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum
Authors: Iskender Özlem , Kaplan Sena 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimThis study investigated the association between quality of life and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum in Turkey.MethodsThis cross‐sectional descriptive study was conducted between October 2017 and July 2018 in Turkey. The sample consisted of 240 pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum. Data were collected using a Demographic Information Form, the Index of Nausea, Vomiting, Retching, and the 36‐item Short‐Form Health Survey.ResultsThe majority (84.2%) of participants stated that they used CAM, mostly “biologically based therapies” (97.5%). They were most satisfied with the “mental and physical treatments” (3.71 ± 1.74). Participants who did not use CAM had a higher quality of life “emotional role” than those who used CAM (p = 0.038). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the other quality of life subscale scores between the two groups.ConclusionThere is limited evidence for the association between quality of life and CAM use in pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum in Turkey. Therefore, more evidence‐based research is warranted to evaluate the association between CAM use and quality of life in pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum.
Using idiographic models to distinguish personality and psychopathology
Authors: Jackson Joshua J. , Beck Emorie D. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveWhile the overlap between personality and psychopathology is well documented, few studies examine how the two overlap at a lower, moment‐to‐moment level. We took an idiographic approach to examine personality and psychopathology processes at the individual level. Doing so offers a unique perspective by incorporating both dynamic time and structural analysis, two components that are traditionally examined separately when investigating the overlap between personality and psychopathology.MethodTwo experience sample studies measured personality states and personality problems up to four‐times a day over a two‐week period (Study 1 N = 349, observations = 11,124; Study 2 N = 161, observations = 8,261).ResultsFor some, personality states and personality problems are deeply intertwined, mirroring existing between‐person findings. But for others the two are separate, indicating it is possible to separate personality (states) from a person's problems. Between‐person differences in levels of depression had no association with the idiographic structure, indicating that between‐person constructs operate separately from within‐person processes. Finally, situations that are more likely to bring out personality problems did not alter the association between personality states and personality problems.ConclusionsThis method provides a novel conceptualization of personality–psychopathology overlap, bringing the focus beyond mostly static, between‐person models to more dynamic, individual‐level models.
Effectiveness and Renal Safety of Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate among Chronic Hepatitis B Patients: Real‐World Study
Authors: Farag Mina S. , Fung Scott , Tam Edward , Doucette Karen , Wong Alexander , Ramji Alnoor , Conway Brian , Cooper Curtis , Tsoi Keith , Wong Philip , Sebastiani Giada , Brahmania Mayur , Haylock‐Jacobs Sarah , Coffin Carla S. , Hansen Bettina E. , Janssen Harry L.A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) has high plasma stability resulting in fewer renal adverse events compared to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. We aimed to study the effectiveness and renal safety of TAF in a real‐world setting, in patients with or without compromised kidney function. CHB patients (Nucleos(t)ide Analogue [NA]‐naïve or experienced) who received TAF >1 year from 11 academic institutions as part of the Canadian Hepatitis B Network (CanHepB) were included. Kidney function was measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as per Cockcroft‐Gault. Patients were followed for up to 160 weeks. Of 176 patients receiving TAF, 143 switched from NA (88% TDF), and 33(19%) were NA naïve. Majority of NA‐naïve patients (75%) achieved undetectable HBV DNA after one year of TAF treatment. Majority of patients with eGFR <60 mL/min who had renal deterioration during TDF (76%) reversed to eGFR increase after one year of TAF (p=0.009). Among patients with stage 2 chronic kidney disease (CKD) (eGFR 60–89), the estimated eGFR decline during TDF was halted after switching to TAF (p=0.09). NA‐experienced patients with abnormal ALT before TAF showed a significant decline after switching to TAF: −0.005 [−0.006 – −0.004] log10 ULN U/L/month, p<0.001). In CHB patients, TAF was safe, well‐tolerated and effective in this real‐world cohort. Switching to TAF led to improved kidney function, particularly in those with stage 2 CKD, which suggests that the indication for TAF in the guidelines could be extended to patients with an eGFR higher than 60 mL/min.
Argonaute 5 family proteins play crucial roles in the defence against Cymbidiummosaicvirus and Odontoglossumringspotvirus in Phalaenopsisaphrodite subsp. formosana
Authors: Kuo Song‐Yi , Hu Chung‐Chi , Huang Ying‐Wen , Lee Chin‐Wei , Luo Meng‐Jhe , Tu Chin‐Wei , Lee Shu‐Chuan , Lin Na‐Sheng , Hsu Yau‐Heiu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe orchid industry faces severe threats from diseases caused by viruses. Argonaute proteins (AGOs) have been shown to be the major components in the antiviral defence systems through RNA silencing in many model plants. However, the roles of AGOs in orchids against viral infections have not been analysed comprehensively. In this study, Phalaenopsis aphrodite subsp. formosana was chosen as the representative to analyse the AGOs (PaAGOs) involved in the defence against two major viruses of orchids, Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) and Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV). A total of 11 PaAGOs were identified from the expression profile analyses of these PaAGOs in P. aphrodite subsp. formosana singly or doubly infected with CymMV and/or ORSV. PaAGO5b was found to be the only one highly induced. Results from overexpression of individual PaAGO5 family genes revealed that PaAGO5a and PaAGO5b play central roles in the antiviral defence mechanisms of P. aphrodite subsp. formosana. Furthermore, a virus‐induced gene silencing vector based on Foxtail mosaic virus was developed to corroborate the function of PaAGO5s. The results confirmed their importance in the defences against CymMV and ORSV. Our findings may provide useful information for the breeding of traits for resistance or tolerance to CymMV or ORSV infections in Phalaenopsis orchids.
Para‐nationalism: Sovereignty and authenticity in the Wa State of Myanmar
Authors: Steinmüller Hans 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIf nationalism is defined as a claim to sovereignty based on authenticity, para‐nationalism is nationalism in the state of war: urgent, yet ultimately futile. Modern warfare makes it particularly urgent for historical latecomers to national unity to claim their national sovereignty. Those claims, however, sometimes have to be postponed for the very same reason of military pragmatism. The double bind of nationalism at war is illustrated with the case study of the Wa State of Myanmar: Persistent military threat imparts great urgency to the promotion of authentic culture, the purification of a shared language and the rationalisation of violence. Yet at certain moments and places, the same objectives are put aside, in favour of working with what is at hand. Rather than a semiotic circle, it is suggested that the entanglement of para‐nationalism and war is primarily a pragmatic bond, which is accessible to ethnographic analysis.
Postcolonial nationalism and neo‐Pentecostalism: A case from Papua New Guinea
Authors: Santos da Costa Priscila 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article offers an anthropological analysis of a Papua New Guinean nationalist ideology deeply inspired by neo‐Pentecostalism. The basis for this study comes from ethnographic material collected during my fieldwork in the Parliament of Papua New Guinea (PNG), where I worked with a group of politicians and bureaucrats who have become known for their iconoclastic and evangelical actions, including their (in)famous destruction of traditional carvings. By mapping their narratives of nation building, I examine how two dimensions of Evangelical Christianity, namely, its focus on the Biblical scriptures and its demonology, were central to the formulation of this group's nationalist and postcolonial ideology. This work provides a contribution towards broader discussions on the effect of evangelical movements on nationalism around the contemporary world and, in particular, in the Global South.