bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tratamentos pré-germinativos em sementes de Sesbania virgata cav. pers após o armazenamento
Authors: Moura Débora Purcina de , Silva Monalisa Alves Diniz da , Alves Rafael Mateus , Alves Robson José Rodrigues , Silva Elania Freire da , Silva Liliane Maria da 
Published: April 2021

Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho acompanhar o desempenho fisiológico de sementes de Sesbania virgata (Car. Pers) após diferentes condições e períodos de armazenamento, com posterior submissão à tratamentos de superação de dormência. As sementes foram armazenadas em condições não controladas e de geladeira, por períodos de 0; 35 e 70 dias. Foram empregados após cada período de armazenamento cinco tratamentos pré-germinativos de superação de dormência, ou seja, testemunha, imersão em ácido sulfúrico por 15 minutos, imersão em soda cáustica 20% por 30 e 60 minutos e escarificação com lixa de madeira n°100. Posteriormente, procedeu-se com as seguintes avaliações: teor de água das sementes, porcentagem, índice de velocidade e tempo médio tanto da germinação como da emergência, condutividade elétrica para avaliar a ruptura do tegumento, comprimento e massa seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, adotando-se um esquema fatorial 2×3×5 (condições de armazenamento × períodos de armazenamento × tratamentos pré germinativos). A escarificação mecânica destacou-se na superação da dormência, a maior liberação de lixiviados foi um indicativo de maior absorção de água, o que resultou no desencadeamento do processo germinativo. O armazenamento em geladeira favoreceu as características referentes à germinação, enquanto o ambiente não controlado resultou nos melhores resultados para os parâmetros de emergência. O armazenamento por 70 dias foi o mais favorável para a conservação da qualidade das sementes de cambaí-amarelo. Desse modo sugere-se para futuros trabalhos a avaliação com períodos de armazenamento mais longos, visando conhecer até que ponto as sementes podem ficar armazenadas sem redução significativa da sua qualidade. Este trabalho mostra ao produtor de mudas que a escarificação com lixa consiste em um procedimento simples e eficaz a ser empregado na superação de dormência, bem como indica uma condição de ambiente satisfatória para a conservação das sementes de S. virgata.
Shedding New Lights Into STED Microscopy: Emerging Nanoprobes for Imaging
Authors: Liu Yanfeng , Peng Zheng , Peng Xiao , Yan Wei , Yang Zhigang , Qu Junle 
Published: April 2021

First reported in 1994, stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy has long been regarded as a powerful tool for real-time superresolved bioimaging . However, high STED light power (101∼3 MW/cm2) is often required to achieve significant resolution improvement, which inevitably introduces phototoxicity and severe photobleaching, damaging the imaging quality, especially for long-term cases. Recently, the employment of nanoprobes (quantum dots, upconversion nanoparticles, carbon dots, polymer dots, AIE dots, etc.) in STED imaging has brought opportunities to overcoming such long-existing issues. These nanomaterials designed for STED imaging show not only lower STED power requirements but also more efficient photoluminescence (PL) and enhanced photostability than organic molecular probes. Herein, we review the recent progress in the development of nanoprobes for STED imaging, to highlight their potential in improving the long-term imaging quality of STED microscopy and broadening its application scope. We also discuss the pros and cons for specific classes of nanoprobes for STED bioimaging in detail to provide practical references for biological researchers seeking suitable imaging kits, promoting the development of relative research field.
Re-Evaluating the Surface Rupture and Slip Distribution of the AD 1609 M7 1/4 Hongyapu Earthquake Along the Northern Margin of the Qilian Shan, NW China: Implications for Thrust Fault Rupture Segmentation
Authors: Huang Xiongnan , Yang Xiaoping , Yang Haibo , Hu Zongkai , Zhang Ling 
Published: April 2021

The Hexi Corridor is located beyond the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, and it is bounded by a series of active thrusts along the northern margin of the Qilian Shan and the southern piedmont of the Longshou Shan. Historically, five destructive earthquakes have occurred along the Hexi Corridor, which indicates that this region poses high potential seismic risks. The 1609 Hongyapu earthquake occurred along the Fodongmiao-Hongyazi fault in the northern Qilian Shan, China, and it killed more than 840 people and destroyed a large number of buildings. Presently, there are different opinions as to the distribution and length of the surface rupture of this event along the Fudongmiao–Hongyazi fault. Thus, we searched all of the fault scarps on the Holocene surfaces and suspected surface rupture locations related to the 1609 earthquake based on previous studies and developed detailed remote-sensing interpretations along the fault. An abundance of north-facing scarps on the younger fans and terrace faces, slightly higher than the active modern stream bed, were found along the Fodongmiao-Hongyazi fault in the area ranging from the Hongshuiba River (39.52°N, 98.41°E) in the west to the Shuiguan River (39.07°N, 99.37°E) in the east. Based on our research, we estimate a surface rupture length as ∼98 km based on the distribution of the fault scarps on Late Holocene surfaces and constraints provided by age dating. Most of the surface ruptures are preserved as fault scarps and indicate an average vertical surface offset of ∼1.0 m, a value found consistently in three segments of the fault. The surface rupture features indicate that segments of the fault ruptured together coseismically during the 1609 earthquake, i.e., a multisegment rupture. Using the surface fault traces, length of 98 or 90 km (without the Shuiguan River section), dip of 30° inferred from previous reflection profiles, a rigidity of 3.3 × 1010 N/m2, and dip slip average as 1.9 m converted from our observations of the offsets, we computed the magnitude of this event as ca. Mw 7.2–Mw 7.4.
Climate Patterns in the World’s Longest History of Storm-Erosivity: The Arno River Basin, Italy, 1000–2019 CE
Authors: Diodato Nazzareno , Ljungqvist Fredrik Charpentier , Bellocchi Gianni 
Published: April 2021

Rainfall erosivity causes considerable environmental damage by driving soil loss. However, the long-term evolution of erosive forcing (over centennial to millennial time-scales) remains essentially unknown. Using a rainfall erosivity model (REMARB), this study simulates the variability of rainfall erosivity in Arno River Basin (ARB), Italy, a Mediterranean fluvial basin, for the period 1000–2019 CE resulting in the world’s longest time-series of erosivity. The annual estimates show a noticeable and increasing variability of rainfall erosivity during the Little Ice Age (∼1250–1849), especially after c. 1490, until the end of 18th century. During this cold period, erosive forcing reached ∼1600 MJ mm hm−2 h−1 yr−1once every four years, and ∼3000 MJ mm hm−2 h−1 yr−1once every 20 years. The extremes of rainfall erosivity (the 98th percentile) followed a similar increasing trend, with an acceleration of the hydrological hazard (erosivity per unit of rainfall) during the 20th century. The comparison ofREMARBoutput with the sediment yield of the basin (1951–2010) confirmed the model’s ability to predict geomorphological effects in the ARB. Thus, our methodology could be applied to simulate erosivity in environmentally similar basins. A relationship has been identified between the Atlantic Multidecadal Variation and erosivity patterns, suggesting a role of North Atlantic circulation dynamics on the hydrology of central Italy’s fluvial basins.
One-Year Adherence to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure With Telemonitoring in Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Contal Olivier , Poncin William , Vaudan Stéphanie , De Lys Angélique , Takahashi Hiromitsu , Bochet Séverine , Grandin Stéphane , Kehrer Philippe , Charbonnier Florian 
Published: April 2021

Study Objective: Telemedicine (TM) for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treated patients may save health-care resources without compromising treatment effectiveness. We assessed the effect of TM (AirView Online System, ResMed) during the CPAP habituation phase on 3-month and 1-year treatment adherence and efficacy in patients with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Methods: At CPAP initiation, 120 patients diagnosed with OSA were randomized to either usual care (UC) or TM during the habituation phase (clinical registration: ISRCTN12865936). Both groups received a first face-to-face appointment with a sleep care giver at CPAP initiation. Within the following month, 2 other physical visits were scheduled in the UC group whereas two phone consultations were planned in the TM group, in which CPAP parameters were remotely adapted. Additional physical visits were programmed at the patient's request. Face-to-face consultations were scheduled at 3 and 12 months after CPAP initiation. The primary outcome was the mean CPAP daily use over the course of 12 months.Results: Twenty of 60 patients stopped CPAP therapy in the UC group vs. 14 of 60 in the TM group (p = 0.24). In per protocol analysis, mean [95% CI] daily CPAP use among 86 patients still using CPAP at 12 months was 279 [237; 321] min in the 38 patients on UC and 279 [247; 311] min in the 43 patients on TM, mean difference [95% CI]: 0 [−52; 52] min, P = 0.99. Total consultation time per patient was not different between groups, TM: 163 [147; 178] min, UC: 178 [159; 197] min, difference: −15 [−39; 9] min, p = 0.22.Conclusions: Telemedicine during the CPAP habituation phase did not alter daily CPAP use or treatment adherence and did not require more healthcare time. Telemedicine may support clinic attendance for CPAP titration.Clinical Trial Registration: [ISRCTN], identifier [ISRCTN12865936].
Identification of mRNA-, circRNA- and lncRNA- Associated ceRNA Networks and Potential Biomarkers for Preeclampsia From Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
Authors: Chen Dan , He Biwei , Zheng Panchan , Wang Shuying , Zhao Xueya , Liu Jinyu , Yang Xingyu , Cheng Weiwei 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveThe etiology and pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE) remain unclear, and ideal biomarkers for the early detection of PE are scarce. The involvement of the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis in PE is only partially understood. The present study aimed to delineate a regulatory network in PE comprised of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) via ceRNA profiles from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to further reveal the pathogenesis of PE and potential biomarkers.MethodsDifferentially expressed mRNAs, circRNAs, and lncRNAs were detected in HUVECs from early onset preeclampsia (EOPE) cases (n= 4) and normal pregnancies (n= 4) by microarray analysis. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to systematically analyze the data, and a relevant ceRNA network was constructed. RNAs (ANGPT2,LIPG,hsa_circ_0025992,hsa_circ_0090396,hsa_circ_0066955,hsa_circ_0041203,hsa_circ_0018116,lnc-C17orf64-1:1,lnc-SLC27A2-2:1, andlnc-UEVLD-5:1) were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in 10 pairs of HUVECs and placental tissues from PE patients and normal pregnancies. Furthermore, expression ofhsa_circ_0025992was detected in maternal peripheral blood samples from PE patients (n= 24) and normal pregnancies (n= 30) to confirm its potential as a novel biomarker. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to analyze its diagnostic value.ResultsCompared with HUVECs from normal pregnancies, HUVECs from EOPE cases had 33 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), 272 DEcircRNAs, and 207 DElncRNAs. GO and KEGG analyses of the DERNAs revealed the biological processes and pathways involved in PE. Based on the microarray data and the predicted miRNAs, a ceRNA network was constructed with four mRNAs, 34 circRNAs, nine lncRNAs, and 99 miRNAs. GO and KEGG analyses of the network reinforced the crucial roles of metabolic disorders, the p53 and JAK/STAT signaling pathways in PE. In addition, ROC analysis indicated thathsa_circ_0025992could be used as a novel biomarker for PE.ConclusionA novel ceRNA network was revealed in PE, and the potential ofhsa_circ_0025992to serve as a new biomarker was confirmed.
Being the Family Caregiver of a Patient With Dementia During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Lockdown
Authors: Zucca Milena , Isella Valeria , Lorenzo Raffaele Di , Marra Camillo , Cagnin Annachiara , Cupidi Chiara , Bonanni Laura , Laganà Valentina , Rubino Elisa , Vanacore Nicola , Agosta Federica , Caffarra Paolo , Sambati Renato , Quaranta Davide , Guglielmi Valeria , Appollonio Ildebrando M. , Logroscino Giancarlo , Filippi Massimo , Tedeschi Gioacchino , Ferrarese Carlo , Rainero Innocenzo , Bruni Amalia C. ,   the SINdem COVID-19 Study Group
Published: April 2021

Background: Family caregivers of patients with dementia are at high risk of stress and burden, and quarantine due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have increased the risk of psychological disturbances in this population. The current study was carried out during the national lockdown declared in March 2020 by the Italian government as a containment measure of the first wave of the coronavirus pandemic and is the first nationwide survey on the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the mental health of dementia informal caregivers.Methods: Eighty-seven dementia centers evenly distributed on the Italian territory enrolled 4,710 caregiver–patient pairs. Caregivers underwent a telephone interview assessing classical symptoms of caregiver stress and concern for the consequences of COVID-19 infection on patient’s health. We calculated prevalence of symptoms and regressed them on various potential stress risk factors: caregivers’ sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle, patients’ clinical features, and lockdown-related elements, like discontinuity in medical care.Results: Approximately 90% of caregivers reported at least one symptom of stress, and nearly 30% reported four or more symptoms. The most prevalent symptoms were concern for consequences of COVID-19 on patient’s health (75%) and anxiety (46%). The main risk factors for stress were identified as a conflicting relationship with the patient and discontinuity in assistance, but caregiver’s female sex, younger age, lower education, and cohabitation with the patient also had an impact. Availability of help from institutions or private individuals showed a protective effect against sense of abandonment but a detrimental effect on concern about the risk for the patient to contract COVID-19. The only protective factor was mild dementia severity, which was associated with a lower risk of feeling isolated and abandoned; type of dementia, on the other hand, did not affect stress risk.Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the large prevalence of stress in family caregivers of patients with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic and have identified both caregivers and situations at a higher risk of stress, which should be taken into account in the planning of interventions in support of quarantined families and patients.
Disease Spectrum of Breast Cancer Susceptibility Genes
Authors: Wang Jin , Singh Preeti , Yin Kanhua , Zhou Jingan , Bao Yujia , Wu Menghua , Pathak Kush , McKinley Sophia K. , Braun Danielle , Hughes Kevin S. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundPathogenic variants in cancer susceptibility genes can increase the risk of a spectrum of diseases, which clinicians must manage for their patients. We evaluated the disease spectrum of breast cancer susceptibility genes (BCSGs) with the aim of developing a comprehensive resource of gene-disease associations for clinicians.MethodsTwelve genes (ATM, BARD1, BRCA1, BRCA2, CDH1, CHEK2, NF1, PALB2, PTEN, RECQL, STK11, and TP53), all of which have been conclusively established as BCSGs by the Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) and/or the NCCN guidelines, were investigated. The potential gene-disease associations for these 12 genes were verified and evaluated based on six genetic resources (ClinGen, NCCN, OMIM, Genetics Home Reference, GeneCards, and Gene-NCBI) and an additional literature review using a semiautomated natural language processing (NLP) abstract classification procedure.ResultsForty-two diseases were found to be associated with one or more of the 12 BCSGs for a total of 86 gene-disease associations, of which 90% (78/86) were verified by ClinGen and/or NCCN. Four gene-disease associations could not be verified by either ClinGen or NCCN but were verified by at least three of the other four genetic resources. Four gene-disease associations were verified by the NLP procedure alone.ConclusionThis study is unique in that it systematically investigates the reported disease spectrum of BCSGs by surveying multiple genetic resources and the literature with the aim of developing a single consolidated, comprehensive resource for clinicians. This innovative approach provides a general guide for evaluating gene-disease associations for BCSGs, potentially improving the clinical management of at-risk individuals.
Pyrotinib Combined With Vinorelbine in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Yi , Qiu Yixuan , Li Huihui , Luo Ting , Li Wei , Wang Hong , Shao Bin , Wang Biyun , Ge Rui 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionPyrotinib plus capecitabine has been approved in China for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Meanwhile, vinorelbine is another important chemotherapy option for MBC available in oral and intravenous forms. Thus, pyrotinib plus vinorelbine may represent a new treatment option, particularly for patients with failed capecitabine treatment. This study reported the first real-world data for pyrotinib plus vinorelbine therapy in HER2+ MBC.MethodsHER2+ MBC patients (n = 97) treated with pyrotinib plus vinorelbine in six institutions across China from May 2018 to June 2020 were enrolled. Progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and toxicity profiles were determined.ResultsSixty-seven percent of patients received more than two lines of systematic therapy. Nearly all patients (97.9%) had received trastuzumab and 50.5% were administered lapatinib. When combined with pyrotinib, 74.2% received oral and 25.8% received intravenous vinorelbine. Median PFS (mPFS) was 7.8 (range, 4.7–10.8) months for all patients. The mPFS in patients administered pyrotinib as second-line therapy and third-or-higher-line therapy were 12.0 and 6.4 months, respectively. Patients who received pyrotinib plus oral or intravenous vinorelbine had similar mPFS (7.8 vs. 6.4 months, p = 0.871). The 23 patients with brain metastases had mPFS of 6.3 (range, 3.4–9.2) months. Lapatinib-naïve patients had significantly longer PFS than lapatinib-treated patients (10.8 months vs. 5.6 months, p = 0.020). Median OS was not achieved. The ORR for 96 patients was 34.3%. Common grade 3 and 4 adverse events were diarrhea (22.7%), neutropenia (7.2%), and leukopenia (4.1%).ConclusionsPyrotinib plus vinorelbine therapy demonstrated promising effects in HER2+ MBC with tolerable toxicity, particularly in patients with second-line treatment and without prior lapatinib treatment, as well as in patients with brain metastases. Oral vinorelbine is a useful alternative to the intravenous form when combined with pyrotinib.Clinical Trial Registration[ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT04517305].
The Struggling Odyssey of Infantile Primary Hyperoxaluria
Authors: Guillaume Adrien , Chiodini Benedetta , Adams Brigitte , Dahan Karin , Deschênes Georges , Ismaili Khalid 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:Oxalate overproduction in Primary Hyperoxaluria type I (PH1) leads to progressive renal failure and systemic oxalate deposition. In severe infantile forms of PH1 (IPH1), end-stage renal disease (ESRD) occurs in the first years of life. Usually, the management of these infantile forms is challenging and consists in an intensive dialysis regimen followed by a liver-kidney transplantation (combined or sequential).Methods:Medical records of all infants with IPH1 reaching ESRD within the first year of life, diagnosed and followed between 2005 and 2018 in two pediatric nephrology departments in Brussels and Paris, have been reviewed.Results:Seven patients were included. They reached ESRD at a median age of 3.5 (2–7) months. Dialysis was started at a median age of 4 (2–10 months). Peritoneal dialysis (PD) was the initial treatment for 6 patients and hemodialysis (HD) for one patient. Liver transplantation (LT) was performed in all patients and kidney transplantation (KT) in six of them. A sequential strategy has been chosen in 5 patients, a combined in one. The kidney transplanted as part of the combined strategy was lost. Median age at LT and KT was 25 (10–41) months and 32.5 (26–75) months, respectively. No death occurred in the series. At the end of a median follow-up of 3 years, mean eGFR was 64 ± 29 ml/min/1.73 m2. All patients presented retinal and bone lesions and five patients presented bones fractures.Conclusion:Despite encouraging survival figures, the morbidity in IPH1 patients remains extremely heavy and its management presents a huge challenge. Thanks to the newly developed RNA-interference drug, the future holds brighter prospects.
Immunological Features of Pediatric Interstitial Pneumonia Due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Authors: Xu Xuefeng , Sheng Yuanjian , Yang Li , Zhou Haichun , Tang Lanfang , Du Lizhong 
Published: April 2021

Background: Inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and immunologic mechanism are involved in the pathogenesis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). However, the role of immune system of pediatric interstitial pneumonia due to M. pneumoniae infections remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to analyze the immunologic features of pediatric interstitial pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae).Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on a primary cohort of children with MPP. Propensity score analysis was performed to match interstitial pneumonia and pulmonary consolidation children.Results: The clinical characteristics strongly associated with the development of interstitial pneumonia were boys, age &gt;5 years, wheezing history, hydrothorax free, lymphocytes (&gt;3.0 × 109/L), CD19+ (&gt;0.9 × 109/L), CD3+ (&gt;2.5 × 109/L), CD4+ (&gt;1.5 × 109/L), CD8+ (&gt;0.9 × 109/L), interleukin-6 (IL-6, &lt;30 pg/ml), IL-10 (&lt;6 pg/ml), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ, &lt;15 pg/ml). After propensity score analysis, children with interstitial pneumonia showed significantly higher CD19+, CD3+, and CD4+ T cell counts, and lower serum IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ levels. The final regression model showed that only CD4+ T cells (&gt;1.5 × 109/L, OR = 2.473), IFN-γ (&lt;15 pg/ml, OR = 2.250), and hydrothorax free (OR = 14.454) were correlated with the development of interstitial pneumonia among children with MPP.Conclusions: The M. pneumoniae-induced interstitial pneumonia showed increased CD4+ T cells and lower serum IFN-γ level. Specific immunologic profiles could be involved in the development of pediatric interstitial pneumonia due to M. pneumoniae infections.