bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncovering the pharmacological mechanism of strychnos nux-uomical in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy based on a network pharmacology approach
Authors: Xiang JingJing , Lin Chen-Jun , Zhang Yu , Zhu Ni , Shen Jian-Ping , Chen Jun-Fa , Gu Jian-You , Zhou Yan , Jin Ke-Ting , Hong Zi-Rui , Deng Shu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Strychnos nux-uomical (Ma Qianzi in pinyin), a classic chinese herb, has been extensively used to treat peripheral neuropathy in clinical practice in china for many years. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of strychnos nux-uomical remain vague. The aim of this study was to decrypt the underlying mechanisms of strychnos nux-uomical in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy using a systems harmacology approach.Methods: Using pharmacokinetic parameters [oral bioavailability (OB)≥30% and drug likeness (DL)≥0.18] of traditional chinese medicine system pharmacology platform (TCMSP) to screen the active ingredient of strychnos nux-uomical, and then integrating target prediction human gene database to predict and screen its target genes for the treatment of strychnos nux-uomical, network topology attribute analysis software cytoscape 3.6.0 was utilized to construct the active components-peripheral neuropath targets network. String database and cytoscape software were used to draw the protein interaction network. Finally gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses by panther database. Results: A total of 13 potential active ingredients were screened based on their OB and DL parameters, and 72 core targets were related to disease target. The results of pathway enrichment analysis indicated that putative targets of strychnos nux-uomical mostly participated in various pathways associated with cellular process, response to stimulus, biological regulation, metabolic process, localization. The putative targets of strychnos nux-uomical (endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-10, interleukin-6, interleukin 1β and so on) were recognized as active factors involved in the main biological functions of treatment, which implied that these were involved in the underlying mechanisms of strychnos nux-uomical on peripheral neuropathy.Conclusions: In this study, a network pharmacology-based strategy integrating target prediction, network construction, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses, was adopted to predict the targets of strychnos nux-uomical relevant to the treatment of peripheral neuropathy and to further explore the involved pharmacological mechanisms.
lncRNA AK141955 Acts as a ceRNA to Regulate Macrophage Polarization via the miR-124-3p/Sema6d Axis in Viral Myocarditis
Authors: Bi Runlei , Li Xueqin , Pei Weiya , Zhang Yingying , Lv Kun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMacrophage polarization is vital for coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced viral myocarditis (VM). However, only a few empirical studies have focused on exploring the relationship between macrophage polarization and VM. MethodsQuantitative real-time PCR was used to determine the ex-pression levels of AK141955 and miR-124-3p in M1/M2 cells. The functional role of macrophage polarization was investigated by in vitro gene silencing assays. Mechanistically, dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were performed to confirm that AK141955 sponged miR-124-3p and alleviated the suppression of target Sema6d expression. ResultsFunctionally, AK141955 knockdown significantly reduced inflammation, inhibited the M1 phenotype, and promoted the M2 phenotype in vitro and in vivo, whereas miR-124-3p inhibitors counteracted these effects. Evidence is presented, showing that AK141955 acted as a “ceRNA” of miR-124-3p to relieve the repressive effect of miR-124-3p on its target Sema6d, then promoted VM development.ConclusionCollectively, our findings reveal that AK141955 functions as a pro-inflammatory factor in pro-moting VM progression through the miR-124-3p/Sema6d axis, providing a solid evidence base for treating VM patients.
VCD induces premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) in rats by triggering the autophagy of granulosa cells through regulating the AKT/mTOR signal pathway
Authors: Li Hui , Jin Xin , Dou Xiaoqing , Wang Jiaxi , Wang Xue , Chen Qiaoling , Chen Wenjun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Investigating the pathological mechanism underlying POI modeling in animals with VCD.
Methods

QRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-144 in the peripheral blood of POI patients, granulosa cells and the ovary tissues. MTT assay was used to evaluate the proliferation and the concentration of E2, FSH, LH, and AMH was determined by ELISA assay. The numbers of autophagosomes were detected by transmission electron microscope and autophagic flux assay. The expression of key proteins in AKT pathway and autophagy proteins was determined by Western blot. HE staining was used to check the state of follicles in the ovary tissues. Immunohistochemistry assay was used to evaluate the expression level of p-AKT, P62, and caspase-3 in the ovary tissues. Finally, the pregnancy rate and embryo resorption rate were calculated.
Results

MiR-144 was down-regulated in the peripheral blood of POI patients. Deceased cell viability, down-regulated miR-144, and increased autophagosomes were observed in VCD treated granulosa cells, which were reversed by the introduction of SC79 or miR-144. The increased concentration of FSH, and LH, decreased concentration of E2 and AMH, increased number of autophagosomes, up-regulated PTEN, and inactivated AKT/m-TOR signal pathway induced by VCD in both granulosa cells and ovary tissues were significantly reversed by SC79 or miR-144. Finally, the decreased follicles and pregnancy rate, as well as the increased embryo resorption rate induced by VCD were greatly reversed by SC79 or miR-144.
Conclusion

VCD induced POI in rats by triggering the autophagy of granulosa cells through regulating the AKT/mTOR signal pathway.
Effectiveness Of Overuse Injury Prevention Programs On Upper Extremity Performance In Overhead Youth Athletes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lau Rachel , Mukherjee Swarup 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background Youth athletes in single hand overhead sport are at risk of upper extremity overuse injuries due to musculoskeletal immaturity, repetitive actions and stress overload. While several upper extremity injury prevention programs have been developed, the effectiveness of upper extremity injury prevention programs on performance outcome measures in overhead youth athletes has not been investigated. This study critically evaluated the effectiveness of existing upper extremity injury prevention programs on performance outcome measures in overhead youth athletes and identified and categorized the training components of these programs.Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), SPORTDiscus (via EBSCOhost), ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria were youth athletes with full participation in throwing or striking sports; the intervention utilized training programs or exercises; control group performed usual training or sham exercises; reported at least one performance outcome measure; and utilized either randomized controlled trials, cluster-randomized controlled trials, or non-randomized controlled trials. Studies had to be published in the English language and within the last two decades. Methodological quality was assessed based on the PEDro Scale. Results Five studies, with a total of 456 youth athletes (age range 10.2-17.1 years) were included. The average PEDro score was 6.6. The effectiveness of the injury prevention programs on the identified performance outcome measures of strength, mobility, and sport-specific measures (ball speed and serve accuracy) were 30.4%, 28.6%, and 22.2%, respectively. The training components targeted were categorized as strength, mobility, and plyometrics. Strength was the most common training component and the most widely investigated performance outcome measure among existing upper extremity injury prevention programs. ConclusionCurrent injury prevention programs have a modest effect on sport performance outcome measures. Future upper extremity injury prevention programs should include training components of strength, mobility and plyometrics in their design given their moderate effects on strength, mobility, and sport-specific outcome measures. Standardized protocols are required for injury prevention program characteristics, and measurement and reporting of performance outcomes measures.
Configurations of Essential Factors Promoting China’s Commercial Health Insurance: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on Technology-Organization-Environment Framework
Authors: Huang Xiuquan , Xu Xiaocang , Zhang Tao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

With the improvement in the living standards, China’s health insurance under the social security system cannot satisfy people's diversified and high-level demands. Therefore, it is necessary to promote commercial health insurance (CHI). This study identifies driving paths of CHI in China from configuration perspective.
Methods

This study innovatively constructs an analysis framework based on the Technology-Organization-Environment theory to investigate the driving path of China's commercial health insurance. Using the data of 31 provincial regions of China in 2018, the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) is employed for configuration analysis. For the robustness analysis of necessary condition, we also adopt the Necessary Condition Analysis.
Results

Three main findings are discovered. First, there is no necessary relationship between any condition and high or not-high performance of CHI and any condition. Nevertheless, there are three sufficient configurations, TOE strategy, GA-EA-CD strategy, and dual EA-CD strategy, to achieve high performance, and another three, TMC-EA-CD strategy, TI-EA strategy, and TI-TMC-EA strategy, to reach not-high performance. Second, technological conditions (TI and TMC) and EA are relatively more important than other conditions. Third, it is confirmed that the financial expenditure of government departments has a negative effect on the development of commercial health insurance.
Conclusion

There are configurations or pathways to achieve high or not-high performance of promoting CHI and key factors are identified successfully. Each region should choose the driving path suitable for itself, instead of making homogenization policies and replicating policies of regions with high performance. Besides, TC and EA as key factors should be overcome. Finally, the governments should formulate policies to systematically evaluate social insurance and CHI simultaneously and promote their coordinated development.
Deep-Learning-Based Road Crack Detection Frameworks for Dashcam-captured Images under Different Illumination Conditions
Authors: Chen Da-Ren , Chiu Wei-Min 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Machine learning techniques have been used to increase detection accuracy of cracks in road surfaces. Most studies failed to consider variable illumination conditions on the target of interest (ToI), and only focus on detecting the presence or absence of road cracks. This paper proposes a new road crack detection method, IlumiCrack, which integrates Gaussian mixture models (GMM) and object detection CNN models. This work provides the following contributions: 1) For the first time, a large-scale road crack image dataset with a range of illumination conditions (e.g., day and night) is prepared using a dashcam. 2) Based on GMM, experimental evaluations on 2 to 4 levels of brightness are conducted for optimal classification. 3) the IlumiCrack framework is used to integrate state-of-the-art object detecting methods with CNN to classify the road crack images into eight types with high accuracy. Experimental results show that IlumiCrack outperforms the state-of-the-art R-CNN object detection frameworks.
Impact of Comorbidities on Beneficial Effect of Lactated Ringers Versus Saline in Sepsis Patients
Authors: Tseng Chien Hua , Chen Tzu-Tao , Chan Ming-Cheng , Chen Kuan Yuan , Wu Sheng Ming , Shih Ming-Chieh , Tu Yu-Kang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Lactated Ringers reduced mortality more than saline in sepsis patients but increased mortality more than saline in traumatic brain injury patients. Method: This prospective cohort study included sepsis patients and identified heart, lung, liver, kidney, and endocrine comorbidities by detailed history taking and routine admission survey such as HbA1C, and liver functions. We evaluate resuscitation response with central venous pressure, central venous oxygen saturation, and serum lactate level simultaneously. Propensity-score matching and Cox regression were used to estimate 60-day mortality. The competing risk model compared the lengths of hospital and ICU stays with the subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR). Mixed-effect linear models were used to fit clinical variables and electrolyte trends.Results: Overall, 874 patients were included in the analysis; 636 patients were in the saline group, and 302 patients were in the lactated Ringers group. The lactated Ringers group had a lower mortality rate (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% CI 0.43-0.81) and shorter lengths of hospital (SHR, 1.39; 95% C.I. 1.15-1.67) and ICU stays (SHR, 1.41; 95% CI 1.17, 1.71) than the saline group; the differences were greater in patients with chronic pulmonary disease and small and nonsignificant in those with chronic kidney disease, moderate to severe liver disease and cerebral vascular disease. The resuscitation efficacy was the same between fluid types, but serum lactate levels were significantly higher in the lactated Ringers group than in the saline group (0.12 mg/dL/hour; 95% C.I.: 0.03, 0.21), especially in chronic liver disease patients receiving lactated Ringers. The serum potassium level increased within the first few hours and recovered more slowly in patients with chronic kidney disease regardless of fluid type. Compared to the saline group, the lactated Ringers group achieved target glucose level earlier in both diabetes and non-diabetes patients.Conclusion: Patients receiving lactated Ringers had lower mortality and shorter lengths of hospital and ICU stays than those receiving saline, especially patients with chronic pulmonary disease, but there were no differences in those with chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease and cerebral vascular disease. Comorbidities are important for clinicians to consider before choosing a fluid type.
Antioxidants Significantly Improve Qinling Giant Panda (Ailuropoda Melanoleuca Qinlingensis) Sperm Quality During Cryopreservation
Authors: Zhang Ruixue , Dong Hemeng , Zhao Pengpeng , Shang Chunmei , Qi Hang , Ma Yongjie , Gao Chuxi , Zhang Danhui , Shen Jiena , Lei Yinghu , Jin Yaping , Lin Pengfei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Semen cryopreservation has become an essential tool for the reproduction and long-term preservation of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). However, cryopreservation is severely detrimental to sperm quality, including motility, plasma membrane, acrosome integrity, and mitochondrial activity. It is necessary to screen a effective antioxidants for improvement of sperm quality. Eight groups of antioxidants were added to the freezing medium.Results:The results showed that lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), Laminaria japonica polysaccharides (LJP), or goujresveratrol (RSV) added to the freezing medium significantly improved sperm motility, acrosome integrity, and mitochondrial activity during the cryopreservation process. Furthermore, the activities of glutathione and superoxide dismutase were also improved. However, the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde in semen were notably reduced. Regarding fertility, acrosin activity was significantly increased in LBP-treated sperm. Unfortunately, sperm viability, DNA fragmentation, and hyaluronidase activity were not significantly different between the above groups. Conclusions: LBP (2.0 mg/mL) or RSV (50 μM) are the best candidate antioxidants for inclusion in the freezing medium for improving the quality of panda spermatozoa, during semen cryopreservation.
Big Data Research on Keloids in Atopic Dermatitis Patients with Allergic Comorbidities: Increased Prevalence of Keloids in Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Kwon Hyo-eun , Ahn Hye-Jin , Jeong Su Jin , Shin Min Kyung 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with allergic comorbidities, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). The etiology of keloid is largely unknown; however, AD and keloid share inflammatory pathways characterized by T-helper cell 2 cytokines and increased dermal fibroblast activity. The prevalence of keloids is known to increase in patients with AD. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of keloids in patients with AD, and compare it with the prevalence of other comorbidities of AD. We assessed the Korean National Health Information Database and medical records including coexisting asthma, AR, and ACD. Single and multiple logistic regression models were created for keloids and each allergic disease. The prevalence of keloids was higher in the AD group than in the control group. Among patients with AD, adolescents and adults had a higher prevalence of keloids than infants and children. The risk of keloids was high with AD alone, and coexisting asthma significantly increased the risk. Similarly, the risk of keloids was higher in AR associated with AD and ACD associated with AD than in AD alone. Thus, among Koreans, patients with AD have a higher risk of keloid development, with coexisting allergic diseases increasing the risk.
Community Stakeholder-Driven Technology Solutions Towards Rural Health Equity: A Concept Mapping Study
Authors: Seaton Cherisse L. , Rondier Pierre , Rush Kathy L. , Li Eric , Plamondon Katrina , Pesut Barb , Oelke Nelly D. , Dow-Fleisner Sarah , Hasan Khalad , Currie Leanne M. , Kurtz Donna , Jones Charlotte , Bottorff Joan L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Promoting inclusive health and social care for rural populations requires new community-focused innovations, technological infrastructure, creative design thinking, and multi-stakeholder collaboration. Technology holds great potential for promoting health equity for rural populations, who have more chronic illnesses than their urban counterparts but less access to services. Yet, more participatory research approaches are needed to gather community-driven health technology solutions. The purpose of this research was to collaboratively identify and prioritize action strategies for using technology to promote rural health equity through community stakeholder engagement.
Methods
Concept mapping, a quantitative statistical technique, embedded within a qualitative approach, was used to surface and synthesize technological solutions towards rural health equity from community stakeholders in three steps: 1. idea generation; 2. sorting and rating feasibility/importance; and 3. group interpretation. Purposeful recruitment strategies were used to recruit key stakeholders and organizational representatives from targeted rural communities.
Results
Overall, 34 rural community stakeholders participated in the concept mapping process. In Step 1, 84 ideas were generated that were reduced to a pool of 30. Multi-dimensional scaling and cluster analysis resulted in a 6-cluster map representing how technological solutions can contribute toward rural health equity. The clusters of ideas included technological solutions and applications, but also ideas to make healthcare more accessible regardless of location, training and support in the use of technology, ensuring digital tools are simplified for ease of use, technologies to support collaboration among healthcare professionals, and ideas for overcoming challenges to data sharing across health systems/networks. Each cluster included ideas and priority areas that were rated as equally important and feasible. Key themes included organizational and individual level solutions, and the development of new technologies while connecting patients to these technologies.
Conclusions
The concept mapping exercise enabled rural community stakeholders to co-identify technological solutions toward rural health equity. Overall, the grouping of solutions revealed that technological applications require not only access, but also support and collaboration. Concept mapping is a tool that can engage rural community stakeholders in the identification of technological solutions for promoting rural health equity.
Conjunctival Candidiasis Mimicking Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia
Authors: Peng Zhiyu , Qian Jiang , Han Yinan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
PurposeTo report a case of conjunctival candidiasis mimicking ocular surface squamous neoplasia. Case presentationA 71-year-old man presented with a history of persistent redness, swelling and watering in the left eye accompanying an enlarging mass in the conjunctiva. He underwent excisional biopsy which showed granulomatous inflammation accompanied by irregular and atypical squamous epithelium hyperplasia. Periodic acid-Schiff stain and methenamine silver stain revealed a fungi infection. Further secretion smear was performed to clarify the pathogen as Candida albicans and a chronic fungal maxillary sinusitis was found through imaging test. Thus a diagnosis of conjunctival candidiasis was made.ConclusionsConjunctivitis caused by fungi is rare and a trigger such as agriculture trauma, immunocompromise state, contact history to fungal environment or contaminated water or infection of adjacent organs occurs in most cases. We report the case not only to share diagnostic and treatment experience, but also describe the unique histopathological manifestation leading to a speculation that chronic fungal or candida albicans infection might induce squamous metaplasia.