bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunological alterations after immunotherapy with short lived HBV‐TCR T cells associates with long‐term treatment response in HBV‐HCC
Authors: Tan Anthony Tanoto , Meng Fanping , Jin Jiehua , Zhang Ji‐Yuan , Wang Si‐Yu , Shi Lei , Shi Ming , Li Yuanyuan , Xie Yunbo , Liu Li‐Min , Zhou Chun‐Bao , Chua Alicia , Ho Zi Zong , Luan Junqing , Zhao Jinfang , Li Jing , Wai Lu‐En , Koh Sarene , Wang Tingting , Bertoletti Antonio , Wang Fu‐sheng 
Published: December 2021

The application of hepatitis B virus (HBV)–T‐cell receptor (TCR) T‐cell immunotherapy in patients with HBV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV‐HCC) has been apathetic, as the expression of HBV antigens by both normal HBV‐infected hepatocytes and HCC cells with HBV‐DNA integration increases the risk of on‐target off‐tumor severe liver inflammatory events. To increase the safety of this immunotherapeutic approach, we developed messenger RNA (mRNA) HBV‐TCR‐redirected T cells that—due to the transient nature of mRNA—are functionally short lived and can be infused in escalating doses. The safety of this approach and its clinical potential against primary HBV‐HCC have never been analyzed in human trials; thus, we studied the clinical and immunological parameters of 8 patients with chronic HBV infection and diffuse nonoperable HBV‐HCC treated at weekly intervals with escalating doses (1 × 104, 1 × 105, 1 × 106, and 5 × 106 TCR+ T cells/kg body weight) of T cells modified with HBV‐TCR encoding mRNA. The treatment was well tolerated with no severe systemic inflammatory events, cytokine storm, or neurotoxicity observed in any of these patients throughout treatment. Instead, we observed a destruction of the tumor lesion or a prolonged stable disease in 3 of 8 patients. Importantly, the patients without clinically relevant reductions of HCC did not display any detectable peripheral blood immunological alterations. In contrast, signs of transient localized liver inflammation, activation of the T‐cell compartment, and/or elevations of serum chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand (CXCL) 9 and CXCL10 levels were detected in patients with long‐term clinical benefit. Conclusion: We show that despite the reduced in vivo half‐life (3‐4 days), adoptive transfer of mRNA HBV‐TCR T cells into patients with HBV‐HCC show long‐term clinical benefit that was associated with transient immunological alterations.
Comparative analysis of throughfall observations in six different forest stands: Influence of seasons, rainfall‐ and stand characteristics
Authors: Blume Theresa , Schneider Lisa , Güntner Andreas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThroughfall, that is, the fraction of rainfall that passes through the forest canopy, is strongly influenced by rainfall and forest stand characteristics which are in turn both subject to seasonal dynamics. Disentangling the complex interplay of these controls is challenging, and only possible with long‐term monitoring and a large number of throughfall events measured in parallel at different forest stands. We therefore based our analysis on 346 rainfall events across six different forest stands at the long‐term terrestrial environmental observatory TERENO Northeast Germany. These forest stands included pure stands of beech, pine and young pine, and mixed stands of oak‐beech, pine‐beech and pine‐oak‐beech. Throughfall was overall relatively low, with 54–68% of incident rainfall in summer. Based on the large number of events it was possible to not only investigate mean or cumulative throughfall but also its statistical distribution. The distributions of throughfall fractions show distinct differences between the three types of forest stands (deciduous, mixed and pine). The distributions of the deciduous stands have a pronounced peak at low throughfall fractions and a secondary peak at high fractions in summer, as well as a pronounced peak at higher throughfall fractions in winter. Interestingly, the mixed stands behave like deciduous stands in summer and like pine stands in winter: their summer distributions are similar to the deciduous stands but the winter peak at high throughfall fractions is much less pronounced. The seasonal comparison further revealed that the wooden components and the leaves behaved differently in their throughfall response to incident rainfall, especially at higher rainfall intensities. These results are of interest for estimating forest water budgets and in the context of hydrological and land surface modelling where poor simulation of throughfall would adversely impact estimates of evaporative recycling and water availability for vegetation and runoff.
A multi‐scale study of the dominant catchment characteristics impacting low‐flow metrics
Authors: Floriancic Marius G. , Spies Daniel , van Meerveld Ilja H. J. , Molnar Peter 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLow flows can impact water use and instream ecology. Therefore, reliable predictions of low‐flow metrics are crucial. In this study, we assess which catchment characteristics (climate, topography, geology and landcover) can explain the spatial variability of low‐flow metrics at two different scales: the regional scale and the small headwater catchment scale. For the regional‐scale analysis, we calculated the mean 7‐day annual minimum flow (qmin), the mean of the flow that is exceeded 95% of the year (q95), and the master recession constant (C) for 280 independent gauging stations across the Swiss Plateau and the Swiss Alps for the 2000–2018 period. We assessed the relation between 44 catchment characteristics and the three low‐flow metrics based on correlation analysis and a random forest model. Low‐flow magnitudes across the Swiss Plateau were positively correlated with the fraction of the area covered by sandstone bedrock or alluvium, and with the area that has a slope between 10° and 30°. Across the Swiss Alps, low‐flow magnitudes were positively correlated with the fraction of area with slopes between 30° and 60°, and the area with glacial deposits and debris cover. There was good agreement between observations and predictions by the random forest regression model with the top 11 catchment characteristics for both regions: for 80% of the Swiss Plateau catchments and 60% of the Swiss Alpine catchments, we could predict the three low‐flow metrics within an error of 30%. The residuals of the regression model, however, varied across short distances, suggesting that local catchment characteristics affect the variability of low‐flow metrics. For the local‐scale headwater catchments, we conducted 1‐day snapshot field campaigns in 16 catchments during low‐flow periods in 2015 and 2016. The measurements in these sub‐catchments also showed that areas with sandstone bedrock and a good storage‐to‐river connectivity had above average low‐flow magnitudes. Including knowledge on local catchment characteristics may help to improve regional low‐flow predictions, however, not all local catchment characteristics were useful descriptors at larger scales.
Cancer risk in patients with bipolar disorder and unaffected siblings of such patients: A nationwide population‐based study
Authors: Chen Mu‐Hong , Tsai Shih‐Jen , Su Tung‐Ping , Li Cheng‐Ta , Lin Wei‐Chen , Cheng Chih‐Ming , Chen Tzeng‐Ji , Bai Ya‐Mei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that patients with bipolar disorder are more likely to develop malignant cancer than in the general population. However, the overall cancer risk in the unaffected siblings of such patients remains unknown. From the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, 25 356 patients with bipolar disorder, 25 356 age‐matched unaffected siblings of patients with bipolar disorder and 101 422 age‐matched controls without severe mental disorders between 1996 and 2010 were enrolled in our study. Patients who developed cancer between the time of enrollment and the end of 2011 were identified. Cancers were divided into three subgroups based on the related layer of embryonic development: ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal cancers. Patients with bipolar disorder (odds ratio [OR] = 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.06, 1.40]) and unaffected siblings of such patients (OR = 1.17, 95% CI [1.02, 1.34]) had greater risk of developing malignant cancer than did controls. Furthermore, only those aged <50 years, for both patients with bipolar disorder (OR = 1.90, 95% CI [1.38, 2.61]) and unaffected siblings (OR = 1.65, 95% CI [1.19, 2.28]), were more likely to develop the ectodermal cancer, especially breast cancer, than the control group. The associations of bipolar disorder and susceptibility to bipolar disorder with increased cancer risk in the younger population may imply a genetic overlap in neurodevelopment and malignancy pathogenesis. Our findings may encourage clinicians to monitor cancer risk factors and warning signs closely in patients with bipolar disorder and unaffected siblings of such patients.
Fathers’ experiences of fetal attachment: A qualitative study
Authors: Lagarto Ana , Duaso Maria J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPaternal‐fetal attachment (PFA) is associated with the degree of emotional support offered by fathers during pregnancy and has implications for the safety and quality of a mother's labor and postnatal experiences. This study explored fathers’ experiences of PFA including their understanding of the phenomenon and its manifestation. Data were collected through interviews with 10 fathers‐to‐be and analysis followed an interpretative phenomenological approach. Four themes emerged from the data: trigger moment; awareness of responsibility; transition to fatherhood; and emotional conflict. Most fathers experienced a trigger moment that made the reality of having a baby clear to them and which initiated or intensified feelings of attachment toward the fetus. Male family relatives, friends with children, and antenatal education groups provided support to expectant fathers. However, they felt quite lost in their role and some believed there was insufficient support for their mental health. Findings suggest that different situations can trigger the attachment process and that fathers longed to be included in perinatal care but experienced a lack of support. Raising awareness of the importance of PFA can help initiate the process in fathers and better equip them to contribute during the antenatal period and to future child development.
Automated detection of apoptotic versus nonapoptotic cell death using label‐free computational microscopy
Authors: Kabir Md Alamgir , Kharel Ashish , Malla Saloni , Kreis Zachary Joseph , Nath Peuli , Wolfe Jared Neil , Hassan Marwa , Kaur Devinder , Sari‐Sarraf Hamed , Tiwari Amit K. , Ray Aniruddha 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIdentification of cell death mechanisms, particularly distinguishing between apoptotic versus nonapoptotic pathways, is of paramount importance for a wide range of applications related to cell signaling, interaction with pathogens, therapeutic processes, drug discovery, drug resistance, and even pathogenesis of diseases like cancers and neurogenerative disease among others. Here, we present a novel high‐throughput method of identifying apoptotic versus necrotic versus other nonapoptotic cell death processes, based on lensless digital holography. This method relies on identification of the temporal changes in the morphological features of mammalian cells, which are unique to each cell death processes. Different cell death processes were induced by known cytotoxic agents. A deep learning‐based approach was used to automatically classify the cell death mechanism (apoptotic vs necrotic vs nonapoptotic) with more than 93% accuracy. This label free approach can provide a low cost (<$250) alternative to some of the currently available high content imaging‐based screening tools.
Framework of anti‐racist school counseling competencies: A Delphi study
Authors: Stickl Haugen Jaimie , Bledsoe Kenya G. , Burgess Melanie , Rutledge Marsha L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe current sociopolitical climate of the United States has heightened awareness around the need for school counselors to engage in anti‐racist practices in order to address racism within schools; however, there is a lack of guidance around anti‐racist counseling competency. The purpose of this Delphi research study was to develop an initial list of empirically based anti‐racist school counseling competencies to support school counseling professionals. An expert panel of school counselors, directors, and counselor educators reached a consensus on 180 items across 5 categories including specific aspects of awareness, attitudes, knowledge, characteristics, and behaviors needed to dismantle racism and promote equity in schools. Considerations for school counselors, supervisors, and counselor educators are discussed.
Using projection operators with maximum overlap methods to simplify challenging self‐consistent field optimization
Authors: Corzo Hector H. , Abou Taka Ali , Pribram‐Jones Aurora , Hratchian Hrant P. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMaximum overlap methods are effective tools for optimizing challenging ground‐ and excited‐state wave functions using self‐consistent field models such as Hartree‐Fock and Kohn‐Sham density functional theory. Nevertheless, such models have shown significant sensitivity to the user‐defined initial guess of the target wave function. In this work, a projection operator framework is defined and used to provide a metric for non‐aufbau orbital selection in maximum‐overlap‐methods. The resulting algorithms, termed the Projection‐based Maximum Overlap Method (PMOM) and Projection‐based Initial Maximum Overlap Method (PIMOM), are shown to perform exceptionally well when using simple user‐defined target solutions based on occupied/virtual molecular orbital permutations. This work also presents a new metric that provides a simple and conceptually convenient measure of agreement between the desired target and the current or final SCF results during a calculation employing a maximum‐overlap method.
A comparison of transdiagnostic behavior therapy (TBT) and behavioral activation treatment for depression (BATD) in veterans with major depressive disorder
Authors: Gros Daniel F. , Coyne Alice E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivesAlthough frequently discussed within the scope of transdiagnostic psychotherapy protocols, limited data are available on their efficacy in patients with a principal diagnosis of major depressive disorder. The present study attempted to address that gap in the literature through a randomized clinical trial comparing transdiagnostic behavior therapy (TBT) to behavioral activation treatment for depression (BATD).MethodsForty veterans with principal major depressive disorder were randomized into either 12 sessions of individual TBT or BATD, with symptom measures collected at baseline and posttreatment. Process variables for treatment engagement and completion also were recorded.ResultsParticipants reported similar symptom improvements in depression, stress, anhedonia, and impairment across both treatments. Clinician‐rated treatment improvements favored TBT. Participants in TBT also attended more appointments, canceled or missed fewer appointments, and completed the protocol at a higher rate than participants that received BATD.ConclusionsThe present findings support TBT as an efficacious treatment for principal major depressive disorder, with potentially superior coverage of comorbid anxiety symptomatology and improved treatment adherence and completion compared to BATD. Pending replication in larger samples, TBT and other similar transdiagnostic psychotherapies should be considered for implementation across the anxiety and depressive disorders to simplify dissemination efforts for evidence‐based psychotherapies and potentially improve coverage of comorbidity.
Creatine transporter–deficient rat model shows motor dysfunction, cerebellar alterations, and muscle creatine deficiency without muscle atrophy
Authors: Duran‐Trio Lara , Fernandes‐Pires Gabriella , Grosse Jocelyn , Soro‐Arnaiz Ines , Roux‐Petronelli Clothilde , Binz Pierre‐Alain , De Bock Katrien , Cudalbu Cristina , Sandi Carmen , Braissant Olivier 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCreatine (Cr) is a nitrogenous organic acid and plays roles such as fast phosphate energy buffer to replenish ATP, osmolyte, antioxidant, neuromodulator, and as a compound with anabolic and ergogenic properties in muscle. Cr is taken from the diet or endogenously synthetized by the enzymes arginine:glycine amidinotransferase and guanidinoacetate methyltransferase, and specifically taken up by the transporter SLC6A8. Loss‐of‐function mutations in the genes encoding for the enzymes or the transporter cause creatine deficiency syndromes (CDS). CDS are characterized by brain Cr deficiency, intellectual disability with severe speech delay, behavioral troubles, epilepsy, and motor dysfunction. Among CDS, the X‐linked Cr transporter deficiency (CTD) is the most prevalent with no efficient treatment so far. Different animal models of CTD show reduced brain Cr levels, cognitive deficiencies, and together they cover other traits similar to those of patients. However, motor function was poorly explored in CTD models, and some controversies in the phenotype exist in comparison with CTD patients. Our recently described Slc6a8Y389C knock‐in rat model of CTD showed mild impaired motor function, morphological alterations in cerebellum, reduced muscular mass, Cr deficiency, and increased guanidinoacetate content in muscle, although no consistent signs of muscle atrophy. Our results indicate that such motor dysfunction co‐occurred with both nervous and muscle dysfunctions, suggesting that muscle strength and performance as well as neuronal connectivity might be affected by this Cr deficiency in muscle and brain.
OMICRON (B.1.1.529): A new SARS‐CoV‐2 variant of concern mounting worldwide fear
Authors: Thakur Vikram , Ratho Radha Kanta 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRecent emergence of the SARS‐CoV‐2 variant as OMICRON has become a global concern. This short note highlights the identification and global spread of OMICRON which has spread over 77 nations by now, which resulted in many hypotheses about its origin and degree of infectivity. The detection of mutations in the RBD region of Spike protein is a concern by surpassing vaccine immunity. The ahead will speak about its transmission potentiality, infectivity, disease morbidity as well as its effect on COVID‐19 vaccines.
Homeostatic regulation of neuronal excitability by probiotics in male germ‐free mice
Authors: Kim Juhyun , Kim Dong Won , Lee Adrian , Mason Madisen , Jouroukhin Yan , Woo Hyewon , Yolken Robert H. , Pletnikov Mikhail V. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEmerging evidence indicates that probiotics can influence the gut–brain axis to ameliorate somatic and behavioral symptoms associated with brain disorders. However, whether probiotics have effects on the electrophysiological activities of individual neurons in the brain has not been evaluated at a single‐neuron resolution, and whether the neuronal effects of probiotics depend on the gut microbiome status have yet to be tested. Thus, we conducted whole‐cell patch‐clamp recording‐assisted electrophysiological characterizations of the neuronal effects of probiotics in male germ‐free (GF) mice with and without gut microbiome colonization. Two weeks of treatment with probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium animalis) significantly and selectively increased the intrinsic excitability of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, whereas reconstituting gut microbiota in GF mice reversed the effects of the probiotics leading to a decreased intrinsic excitability in hippocampal neurons. This bidirectional modulation of neuronal excitability by probiotics was observed in hippocampal neurons with corresponding basal membrane property and action potential waveform changes. However, unlike the hippocampus, the amygdala excitatory neurons did not show any electrophysiological changes to the probiotic treatment in either GF or conventionalized GF mice. Our findings demonstrate for the first time how probiotic treatment can have a significant influence on the electrophysiological properties of neurons, bidirectionally modulating their intrinsic excitability in a gut microbiota and brain area‐specific manner.
Stack design of OLEDs with high performance and simplified device structures
Authors: Wang Jing , Pang Huiqing , Cui Zhihao , Chen Xiao , Zheng Renjie , Kwong Raymond , Xia Sean 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe increasingly complex layer structure of commercial Organic Light Emitting Devices (OLEDs) leads to higher manufacturing costs. In this paper, we demonstrate a simplified device structure with only two layers between the anode and the emissive layer, compared with the usual three or four layers in state‐of‐the‐art devices. The stack is designed so as to ensure efficient hole injection and transport. As a result, the devices achieve longer lifetime and higher efficiency, than the more complex structure, while maintaining equivalent chromaticity and a comparable operating voltage. Such a performance trend is observed in all three RGB colors, in both bottom and top emission devices, as well as in tandem devices. Fewer layers help cost‐effective mass production, and we demonstrate that such simplified device structure has a great potential in both OLED display and lighting applications.
Characterization of a highly stable zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction chromatography stationary phase based on hybrid organic–inorganic particles
Authors: Walter Thomas H. , Alden Bonnie A. , Berthelette Kenneth , Field Jessica A. , Lawrence Nicole L. , McLaughlin Justin , Patel Amit V. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe have characterized a sulfobetaine stationary phase based on 1.7 μm ethylene‐bridged hybrid organic–inorganic particles, which is intended for use in hydrophilic interaction chromatography. The efficiency of a column packed with this material was determined as a function of flow rate, demonstrating a minimum reduced plate height of 2.4. The batch‐to‐batch reproducibility was assessed using the separation of a mixture of acids, bases, and neutrals. We compared the retention and selectivity of the hybrid sulfobetaine stationary phase to that of several benchmark materials. The hybrid sulfobetaine material gave strong retention for polar neutrals and high selectivity for methyl groups, hydroxy groups, and configurational isomers. Large differences in cation and anion retention were observed among the columns. We characterized the acid and base stability of the hybrid sulfobetaine stationary phase, using accelerated tests at pH 1.3 and 11.0, both at 70°C. The results support a recommended pH range of 2–10. We also investigated the performance of columns packed with this material for metal‐sensitive analytes, comparing conventional stainless steel column hardware to hardware that incorporates hybrid surface technology to mitigate interactions with metal surfaces. Compared to the conventional columns, the hybrid surface technology columns showed a greatly improved peak shape.