bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards the integration of personal task-lighting in an optimised balance between electric lighting and daylighting: A user-centred study of emotion, visual comfort, interaction and form-factor of task lights
Authors: Papinutto M. , Colombo M. , Golsouzidou M. , Reutter K. , Lalanne D. , Nembrini J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Task-lighting is a well-known strategy to save energy by bringing light where it is most needed, providing adaptable localised light conditions of special interest in the current home-office context. Despite these benefits and in addition to negatively impacting biological rhythms, the generalization of backlit screens has made task lights less demanded, with screen users tending to accept significantly lower amounts of the illuminance standards. In parallel, the advantages of task-lighting may contradict the energy benefits of presence-driven lighting or blinds automation. This pilot experiment aims at evaluating the task light usage patterns and characteristic preferences for both paper and computer work from a user-centered perspective to provide guidelines in terms of luminaires characteristics. Thirteen participants evaluated three different task lights in both paper and computer conditions. Our results emphasize the role of the luminaire’s form factor, interface and lighting control characteristics, providing general recommendations on luminaire design.
Large lightwells to revitalize a deep office building in Lausanne
Authors: Paule Bernard , Tardin Anne , Som Ly 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The city of Lausanne is built on fairly steep slopes, with the consequence that some buildings are leaning against what could be described as cliffs and, therefore, have only one glazed facade. The Rue Saint Martin office building has been built during the 1970s. Because of its important depth (~23m from the façade), the spaces located at the back were totally deprived of natural light. During the renovation of this building, the architects wanted to create large openings in the roof and in the floors’ slabs in order to provide daylight to the rear spaces. The close collaboration between Estia1 and Archespace2 allowed for the design and implementation of an efficient daylighting system that provides a new quality of use for the interior spaces and a new identity for the building.
Impact of COVID-19 countermeasures on the energy and water consumption and CO2 concentration of municipal buildings
Authors: Stinner Florian , Kümpel Alexander , Müller Dirk 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
As a disease, COVID-19 has shaken the world in 2020/21. Countermeasures have been taken by governments to protect against infection, which have also affected the water and energy consumption of buildings. In particular, buildings managed by public authorities (e.g. kindergartens, schools and administrative offices) have been closed and reopened with different concepts. In this paper, the impact of countermeasures on the electrical and thermal energy and water consumption of municipal buildings is investigated using monitoring data of 100 buildings from 2018 to 2021 of a city in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) in Germany. Where available, data of CO2 sensors from building automation systems are included in the evaluation. The CO2 concentration is in a range of concern (1500-2000 ppm) for 2% of presence periods. A value in the unacceptable range (>2000 ppm) is not found in the CO2 data. Since only ventilation-conditioned spaces are equipped with CO2 sensors, no conclusions can be drawn about non-ventilated buildings. We investigate to which extent the measures taken have changed the energy and water consumption. On total average, the heat demand increased lightly by 5 % and water and electricity demand decreased by 15% and 12% respectively.
Environmental thermal influence over soundscape perception: a test room experimental campaign involving the psychological and physiological description of the indoor environment
Authors: Pigliautile Ilaria , Fusaro Gioia , Kang Jian , Chang Wen-Shao , Pisello Anna Laura 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Human environmental perception leads occupants’ behaviour when interacting with buildings components, affecting the final building energy performance. A solid understanding of human comfort perception includes simultaneous multisensory stimuli and cross-modal interactions among different comfort domains. This study aims to explore the cross-modal effect between thermal and acoustic domains. Each of the 40 subjects took part in a multisensory survey under two different stationary environmental temperature settings. Results show that people in thermally warm conditions are less confident in describing the provided acoustic records. To perform the same procedure but providing a decreasing air temperature ramp would lead to a better interpretation of the results of this campaign.
Thermal comfort analysis: comparison between model and experimental data in tropical climate
Authors: Rakotoarivelo T. , Miranville F. , Gronfier C. , Malet-Damoui B. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Humans in the 21st century spend nearly 90% of their time in an indoor environment. This environment is far from the one in which humans have developed their physiological adaptation and regulation mechanisms. The indoor environment must be optimized for wellbeing and cognitive performance with an anthropocentric and multidisciplinary approach. The objective of this paper is to identify and evaluate the reliability of approaches to characterize thermal comfort in a humid tropical climate. To do so, we will present (i) an experiment conducted to evaluate this perception in a quantitative (physical measurements) and qualitative (field survey) way, and finally (iii) an intermodal and experimental comparison analysis. The results reveal some notable discrepancies between numerical approaches and experimental data. This finding reinforces our study perspectives on the need to engage a multimodal and multidisciplinary analysis to improve the accuracy of comfort models.
Actual energy savings of more than 1000 renovated buildings in Geneva
Authors: Grandjean Basile , Schneider Stefan , Hollmuller Pierre 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study quantifies the annual energy-related retrofit rate of the Geneva building stock (1.7%), based on data concerning the delivered construction permits over the 2010 – 2018 period. By cross-cutting with final energy demand before and after retrofit, we derive an energy-efficient retrofit rate (0.6% for an improvement of 1 class at least, 0.2% for 2 classes at least). Results are analysed as a function of the construction period, as well as of the energy demand before retrofit.
Effectiveness of passive climate change adaptation measures in Switzerland: A climate-based analysis on natural ventilation and overheating risks reduction in dwellings
Authors: ZepedaRivas Daniel , Moreno Sergi Aguacil , Álvarez Jorge Rodríguez 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Building energy codes have been implemented in Switzerland as well as across the world to reduce building energy consumption, however, due to the progressive effect of climate change phenomena and the precipitate change in occupancy patterns due to the global pandemic, their effectiveness and limitations must be constantly re-examined. This paper explores the effectiveness of natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, as well as the overheating patterns in dwellings across the Swiss territory. The work is based on a climate-based simulation model at a territorial scale, from which the building performance is further analysed considering the heating energy consumption and overheating risk hours above 26.5°C. The effectiveness of natural ventilation through the operable window operable area in reducing overheating risk was also estimated. The results show the effectiveness across the whole territory of the current regulation (SIA 380/1:2016), which is focused on the performance of the building envelope to reduce heat losses. An unattended alarming overheating pattern was spotted in locations with altitudes below 1500 meters as a direct consequence of the climate change phenomena, hence a series of recommendations are proposed to update and improve the current legal requirements.
The retrofit of ‘70s office buildings curtain walls in London
Authors: Cirillo A , Scofone A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The built environment accounts for 44% of UK emissions, of which 18% are from non-domestic buildings. Considering that a façade's performance accounts for more than 50% of the energy consumption of a building, the retrofit of a ‘70s curtain wall system is analysed along with common issues such as poor insulation, fire risk, air infiltration and absence of natural ventilation, all of which are known to affect both occupants’ comfort and energy demand negatively. The methodology includes thermal and energy analysis of the Euston tower, results from which are used to inform an analytical model representing a more extensive building stock. Orientation, occupation, window to wall ratio and floor heights are examined as the main factors influencing heat gains, and different passive design solutions are tested to reduce them. Combining these passive design strategies shows a reduction of cooling demand by up to 91% and overheating hours down to 0% from base case to best case, demonstrating how the retrofit of curtain walls in office buildings is essential to cut emissions, reducing energy demand and improving comfort and productivity.
A Tool for Optimal Refurbishment Design of Low-Energy Buildings
Authors: Salerno I , Anjos M F , McKinnon K , Mazzucchelli E S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We propose a model that aims to fulfill the following three necessities: the demand for refurbishing the existing built environment, the lack of a reliable means to help architects navigate among the numerous possible solutions for low-energy constructions, and the need for a multi-function tool to analyze buildings as complex systems. We introduce the Optimal Refurbishment Design (ORD) model that is a novel tool to help architects with the refurbishment of an existing building or the design of a new one. The ORD shows four innovative aspects. First, it opens the way to passive building design while focusing on affordable solutions. Second, its core component is based on mathematical optimization. Third, it simultaneously outputs optimal thermal mass and insulation of all the required elements in the building. Fourth, it automatically accounts for the user’s needs and local regulations. Unlike most of the approaches in the Literature, the ORD’s outputs are not limited by any pre-defined set of materials or strategies. We tested the ORD using a realistic study case of refurbishment, and found that the renovated house achieved the energy consumption of a Passive House by lowering its annual heating/cooling consumption by 23% with a payback period of less than 5 years.
New circular building composite material to upcycle building wastes
Authors: Horvath Mélanie , Trachte Sophie , Pardoen Thomas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A new class of sustainable building composite materials is developed, made out of recycled fibers waste, of sand from crushing inert waste and of lime. The fibers come from abundant and available bio-based or mineral fibers such as cellulose, glass wool, or rock wool. The crushing sand comes from inert building waste and is used instead of river sand which is a resource under shortage. Lime is, like the other two constituents, available locally. The targeted performance is minimizing the environmental footprint compared to the current building materials available on the market in terms of CO2 emissions and grey energy consumption over the entire life cycle. Additional specific objectives are a lifetime up to 60 years, the incorporation of at least 75% recycled or end-of-cycle materials and a high potential of further reuse or recycling. These performances must be optimized under all the structural, thermal and durability constraints of specific building applications. A test campaign has proved the energy-efficient nature of the processing and excellent potential in terms of insulation, fire resistance and mechanical strength, for materials containing a rate of paper fibers larger than 50%.
Implementation of strategies for the realization of ecologically and economically optimized serial type house buildings for social housing
Authors: Vollmer M , Harter H , Theilig K , Kierdorf D , Lang W 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The goal of this research is to develop ecologically and economically optimized implementation strategies for social housing. Therefore, a case study is analysed over its life cycle using life cycle assessments (LCA) and life cycle costs (LCC) regarding the global warming potential (GWP) and its environmental impact costs (cost per ton of CO2). The case study is optimized regarding the embodied emissions of construction and energy demand during its use stage. Considering the cost ceiling for social housing, it is evident, that an implementation of renewable materials and energies is mandatory in order to prevent the risk of a project failure due to excessive environmental impact costs.
Gap between simplified and detailed calculation of the environmental impacts of road mixtures
Authors: Hoxha Endrit , Bohne Rolf André , Passer Alexander 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In order to reach the COP21 objectives, solutions with low carbon contents must be used in road projects. However, the identification of the best materials to be implemented in the wearing course of roads is a daily problem faced by stakeholders. To overcome this knowledge gap, the present study demonstrates the environmental impacts of 120 mixtures calculated with simplified and detailed hypotheses and input data. Even though the variability of inputs significantly influences the impacts of the mixtures and do not allow for the identification of the best solutions, on average, warm mix asphalt presented lower impacts than hot mix asphalt or concrete.
Analysis of supplemental dehumidification for increased energy efficiency of shoulder seasons based on climate change predictions in Austin Texas
Authors: Marshall B , Felkner J , Nagy Z 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This research project compared a standard vapor compression system and a standard desiccant dehumidification system with heat wheel to determine if there was some potential energy savings for “shoulder season” hours in Austin Texas. “Shoulder season” hours as defined in the paper are hours during which the dry bulb temperature falls within the American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) comfort bound but the humidity is above the comfortable humidity point. These hours are normally addressed with vapor compression systems which dehumidify by cooling the air under the comfort setpoint to dehumidify, which is wasteful of energy. The study found that for these shoulder season hours a desiccant dehumidification system was around 4.5 times more energy efficient at reaching comfort setpoints if free heating was used for drying the desiccant.
Phase Change Materials for building envelopes in Reunion Island, France
Authors: Trovalet L. , Liu L. , Bigot D. , Malet-Damour B. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study is being conducted to evaluate the effects of Phase Change Materials (PCM) on thermal comfort in buildings in Reunion Island. Experimental and numerical approaches are used to determine the criteria for the integration of bio-based PCM. A full-scale platform is divided into two rooms, where a layer of PCM is applied to one surface of the test room. Results show that the application of PCM delays the temperature rises and its maximum is reduced by up to 4 degrees. Finally, the experimental results are compared to those of a Dynamic Thermal Simulation (DTS) program to evaluate the ability of such programs to predict the thermal behavior of the building with and without PCM.
Optimal design of mass timber panels as dynamic insulation: simulations of steady and transient heat exchange
Authors: Halepaska Anna , Craig Salmaan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Mass timber panels could be designed as heat exchangers for use in building envelopes. Fresh air, drawn through geometrically optimized channels in the panel, is pre-tempered with building heat that would otherwise be lost to the exterior via conduction. Recent experiments have shown that timber heat exchanging panels can approach U ~0.1 W/m2K – but there are potential limitations. The sizing correlations which predict panel geometry and steady heat exchange must be numerically calibrated for building-scale contexts, the heat-exchange efficiency must be verified virtually, and practical thresholds for transient response time must be determined. This study uses numerical simulations to investigate these factors for one design ‘case’ of timber panels, and establishes a methodology for studies of further cases.
Vacuum Polarization and Particle Creation for Two-Horizon Metrics
Authors: Fil’chenkov M L , Laptev Yu P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Kerr–Newman and Kottler’s metrics with two horizons are considered. Evaporation of Kerr – Newman’s horizons in Hawking’s effect and Penrose’s process as well as de Sitter’s horizon decay and Schwarzschild’s horizon evaporation for Kottler’s metric have been analyzed in terms of an effective temperature, using lifetimes on the horizons. The results are applied to black hole physics and cosmology.
The Statistical Analysis of Anisotropy Fluctuations of CMB Temperature in Angular Spatial and Temporal Areas
Authors: Vargashkin V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The changes in the nature of the statistical distributions of the anisotropy of the temperature of CMB in the satellite measurements of the “WMAP” probe were analyzed for the presence of laws in them in changes within the adjacent periods of data accumulation. Statistical distributions of changes in anisotropy between adjacent data accumulation periods were analyzed. The probability of the occurrence of such unidirectional changes at different frequencies of satellite measurements was analyzed and the probability of their occurrence under the influence of non-random factors was estimated.
IV International Seminar on Pedagogical Practice (IV ISPP)
Authors: Prada-Nuñez R , Torres-Ramírez J E , Hernández-Suárez C A , Gamboa-Suarez A A , V-Niño E D 
Published: November 2021

In the process of teaching and training students and new professionals, constructive actions and didactic spaces must be open where the teacher encourages the integral growth of their students, strengthening different technical/academic aspects and personal skills.
With a good orientation and implementation of appropriate pedagogical practices, the teacher will have the ability to teach and create spaces to socialize, discuss and reflect about experiences that generate, not only the construction of new knowledge, but also the strengthening of principles and qualities in students, such as responsibility, honesty, equity, respect and the ability to reason to solve problems and conflicts. All this promotes the formation of human capital capable of confronting and solving different aspects and challenges that may be encountered in their training process and professional development.
List of Organizing Committee, National Scientific Committee, International Scientific Committee, Sponsor, Partners, image are available in this pdf.
Analysis for the reconstruction of attractors by reconstruction of phase spaces using delay times
Authors: Mesa F , González Granada J R , Correa Vélez G 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Being able to estimate the behavior of a system from observable data is one of the great difficulties that any system presents. This problem presents a challenge for researchers who perform scenario estimation and forecasting. In most problems it is proposed to perform data analysis, but in this article, we propose to perform synthesis in such a way that a dipheomorphic attractor is constructed. that models the system. In the treatment of the analysis, we start from the inputs and assume some equations that describe the system, in the case of synthesis the most important thing is the data produced by the system, since these are real with some associated noise, so from those data and using Takens’ theorem, we can build an attractor that models the system we model in a more real way.
The Correlations between Building Heights and Wind Speed in Determining the Dimension of Windows in a High-rise Residential Building Façade
Authors: Napitupulu S S , Hardiman G , Tobing RR 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Climate change due to architecture occurs as a result of technological developments that support the development of materials, electrical mechanics, structures, and building shapes that play a role in increasing emission levels in the air. One type of building in Indonesia that contributes to increasing emissions is the residential building known as rumah susun. This research employs the case study method, observing the Rumah Susun Jatinegara Barat, located in East Jakarta. The case study shows that the use of prototypes that are not environmentally friendly makes a building’s performance worse. The use of precast, which resulted in monotonous window dimensions, is considered the main factor causing the failure of this Rumah Susun Jatinegara Barat to adapt to the surrounding environment. This problem occurred because the openings in the building façades had a monotonous dimension while the wind intensity that hit the building was increasing. The final result shows that the windows on the façades of the case study were not functioning except if all the openings in the residential unit are open. These results prove that the height of a building is an essential factor in planning high-rise flats, especially in Jakarta.
Composing the noise space: Musical architecture of urban culture
Authors: Samodra F X T B , Nugrahani I G 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the recent climate change era of several tropical urban living and cultures, many slums are built on the railroad tracks accompanying the overheating environment. The people in that area can receive the noise radiation that was made from the railroad and the train wheels friction. The design research aims to manage noise with high intensity into the white noise, which was fit and valuable to increasing human life performance in daily life. It enhances through designing the attractive area at Malang urban area as the site and analyzing the environmental psychology approach according to adaptable barriers. This study uses audio editing and music notation software, Adobe Audition and Cubase, to capture the sound to support the design. The results highlighted that musical architecture could bridge the needs of the various people’s living space and noise that cannot be moved and deleted. The play of materials, order, and composition of time that pay attention to the intensity and frequency of noise design project compose the rhythm of formal and spatial settlement design.