bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening on lung cancer surgical volume
Authors: Hung Yi-Chi , Tang En-Kuei , Wu Yun-Ju , Chang Chen-Jung , Wu Fu-Zong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the time trend variation in the surgical volume and prognostic outcome of patients with lung cancer after the gradual prolonged implementation of a low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening program.
Using the hospital-based cancer registry data on number of patients with lung cancer and deaths from 2008 to 2017, we conducted a retrospective study using a hospital-based cohort to investigate the relationship between changes in lung cancer surgical volume, the proportion of lung-sparing surgery, and prolonged prognostic outcomes after the gradual implementation of the LDCT lung cancer screening program in recent years.
From 2008 to 2017, 3251 patients were diagnosed with lung cancer according to the hospital-based cancer registry. The 5-year mortality rate decreased gradually from 83.54% to 69.44% between 2008 and 2017. The volume of total lung cancer surgical procedures and proportion of lung-sparing surgery performed gradually increased significantly from 2008 to 2017, especially from 2014 to 2017 after implementation of a large volume of LDCT lung cancer screening examinations. In conclusion, our real-world data suggest that there will be an increase in cases of operable early-stage lung cancers, which in turn will increase the surgical volume and proportion of lung-sparing surgery, after the gradual implementation of the LDCT lung cancer screening program in recent years. These findings suggest the importance of a successful national policy regarding LDCT screening programs, regulation of shortage of thoracic surgeons, thoracic radiologist workforce training positions, and education programs.
High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy was effective for dysphagia associated with respiratory muscle paralysis due to cervical spinal cord injury
Authors: Watanabe Yoshihiro , Tamura Toshiaki , Imai Ryota , Maruyama Koki , Iizuka Mayumi , Ohashi Satomi , Yamaguchi Seigo , Watanabe Tatsunori 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Respiratory muscle paralysis due to low cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) can lead to dysphagia. Noninvasive positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy can effectively treat this type of dysphagia. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy can generate a low level of positive airway pressure resembling PAP therapy, it may improve the dysphagia.

Patient concerns:
The patient was an 87-year-old man without preexisting dysphagia. He suffered a CSCI due to a dislocated C5/6 fracture, without brain injury, and underwent emergency surgery. Postoperatively (day 2), he complained of dysphagia, and the intervention was initiated.

Diagnosis:
Based on clinical findings, dysphagia in this case, may have arisen due to impaired coordination between breathing and swallowing, which typically occurs in patients with CSCI who have reduced forced vital capacity.

Interventions:
HFNC oxygen therapy was started immediately after the surgery, and swallowing rehabilitation was started on Day 2. Indirect therapy (without food) and direct therapy (with food) were applied in stages. HFNC oxygen therapy appeared to be effective because swallowing function temporarily decreased when the HFNC oxygen therapy was changed to nasal canula oxygen therapy.

Outcomes:
Swallowing function of the patient improved and he did not develop aspiration pneumonia.

Lessons:
HFNC oxygen therapy improved swallowing function in a patient with dysphagia associated with respiratory-muscle paralysis following a CSCI. It may have prolonged the apnea tolerance time during swallowing and may have improved the timing of swallowing. HFNC oxygen therapy can facilitate both indirect and direct early swallowing therapy to restore both swallowing and respiratory function.
Cardiopulmonary bypass as a bridge for bronchial foreign body removal in a child with pulmonary artery sling
Authors: Li Shuxian , Wu Lei , Huang Meixia , Zhou Junfen , Wang Yingshuo , Chen Zhimin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Successful removal of an airway foreign body (FB) in some intractable cases can be very challenging, because of tracheal anomalies, unstable respiratory status of the patients, and the location of FB. The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) support for the treatment of a FB is extremely rare.

Patient concerns:
We present a case of a 39-month-old previously healthy girl who was admitted to our hospital for suspected FB aspiration (FBA). Initially, the attempt for removal of the FB by conventional bronchoscopy failed because of hypoxic intolerance.

Diagnoses:
Bronchoscopy revealed tracheal anomalies and subsequent computed tomography angiography demonstrated the presence of a pulmonary artery sling (PAS), which confirmed the diagnosis of PAS accompanied with FBA.

Interventions:
With the assistance of CPB, multidisciplinary treatment involving the respiratory, cardiothoracic and anesthetic teams were involved and the bronchial FB was removed by flexible bronchoscopy successfully and then PAS was corrected by surgical intervention.

Outcomes:
The patient remained asymptomatic, without shortness of breath or wheezing during the 15 months follow-up.

Lessons:
This case highlights that in a complicated case of FBA, bronchoscopy and computed tomography imaging are of great importance to achieve an accurate diagnosis, and a multidisciplinary treatment approach is essential for a satisfactory outcome. If the patient is unstable for bronchoscopy, CPB can be temporarily used in the stabilization of the patient to allow safe removal of the FB.
Predictors of prolonged vancomycin-resistant enterococci colonization in acute stroke patients admitted to an intensive care unit
Authors: Choi Han Eum , Lee Jae Hyun , Sim Young-Joo , Jeong Ho Joong , Kim Ghi Chan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
To investigate the factors affecting the duration of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) colonization in stroke patients.
A total of 52 stroke patients with VRE colonization were enrolled. We divided the groups into several factors and confirmed whether each factor affected VRE colonization. Independent t test, bivariate correlation analysis, and Cox proportional hazards model were used to confirm statistical significance.
Among 52 patients, 28 were ischemic stroke and 24 were hemorrhagic stroke. The mean duration of the VRE colonization was 39.08 ± 44.22 days. The mean duration of VRE colonization of the ischemic stroke patients was 25.57 ± 30.23 days and the hemorrhagic stroke patients was 54.83 ± 52.75 days. The mean intensive care unit (ICU) care period was 15.23 ± 21.98 days. Independent sample t test showed the hemorrhagic stroke (P < .05), use of antibiotics (P < .01), oral feeding (P < .01) were associated with duration of VRE colonization. Bivariate correlation analysis showed duration of ICU care (P < .001) was associated with duration of VRE colonization. Cox proportional hazard model showed oral feeding (P = .001), use of antibiotics (P = .003), and duration of ICU care (P = .001) as independent factors of duration of VRE colonization.
Careful attention should be given to oral feeding, duration of ICU care, and use of antibiotics in stroke patients, especially hemorrhagic stroke patients, for intensive rehabilitation at the appropriate time.
Association of folate metabolism-related genetic polymorphisms with susceptibility to breast cancer
Authors: Wang Chuan , Tong Chuan-Ming , Zhang Yuan , Chen Guo-Xiu , Xiong Feng , Wang Ju 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background:
Breast cancer has recently become one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths, and several studies have suggested that genetic polymorphisms in the folate metabolism pathway may be associated with susceptibility to breast cancer, although their results have been inconsistent or inconclusive. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis was to obtain accurate, consistent conclusions regarding the potential associations of genetic polymorphisms in the folate metabolism pathway with the risk of breast cancer, based on case-controlled studies.

Methods:
From the beginning of database establishment through May 2021, we indexed and searched domestic and foreign databases, including the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science, VIP and BioMedical Database of China, PubMed, EMBASE, Wanfang database, and the Cochrane Library. To determine the effects of folate metabolism-related genetic polymorphisms on breast cancer risk, we used Stata version 16.0 to analyze all data and calculated variable odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

Results:
The findings of the current meta-analysis are going to be presented to peer-reviewed journals for publication when the analysis is completed.

Conclusion:
The meta-analysis will summarize the association of genetic polymorphisms in the folate metabolism pathway with breast cancer.

Registration number:
May 26, 2021.osf.io/25r48. (https://osf.io/25r48/).
Association of sleep disturbance with calcitonin, disease severity and health index among patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Chen Chun-Hsiung , Chen Hung-An , Liao Hsien-Tzung , Chen Chen-Hung 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
To investigate the association of sleep disturbance with calcium regulatory hormones, disease severity and health index among the patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).
There were 104 AS patients enrolled in the cross-sectional study, and their sleep quality was recorded. Serum levels of calcium, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D3 and calcitonin were measured. We evaluated patient's disease activity, functional ability, patient's global assessment, physical mobility, radiographic damage and health index. Blood ESR and CRP levels were tested.
Sleep quality was positively correlated with serum calcitonin levels (r = 0.260, P = .008). Bad sleep and advanced radiographic damage were found among the AS patients with detectable serum calcitonin levels (P < .05). Sleep quality was significantly correlated with disease duration, CRP, BASDAI, ASDAS-ESR, ASDAS-CRP, BASFI, BAS-G, BASMI and ASAS-HI among the AS patients (all P < .05). Female gender, longer disease duration, higher ASDAS-CRP and serum calcitonin levels (OR [95% CI] = 3.210 [1.012–10.181], P = .048) were independent factors associated with bad sleep. Inflammation, disease activity, functional ability, patient's global assessment and cervical rotation were useful in predicting bad sleep among the AS patients, and ASDAS-CRP was the best predictor (AUC = 0.772, P < .001).
Serum calcitonin levels was elevated in the AS patients with bad sleep, and may participate in the pathophysiology of sleep disturbance. Bad sleep was associated with female gender, longer disease duration, higher inflammation, disease activity, functional impairment, mobility restriction, poor patient's global assessment and health index in AS. ASDAS-CRP was best in predicting bad sleep.
Is retinal vein occlusion associated with depression symptoms?
Authors: Ha Minji , Han Kyungdo , Jung Younhea , Kim Daran , Paik Ji-Sun , Na Kyung-Sun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Retinal vessels share similar anatomical and physiological characteristics with the cerebral microvasculature, and abnormal cerebral blood flow is reportedly associated with depressive disorder. However, there is limited evidence regarding the relationship between depression and the risk of retinal vein occlusion (RVO). This study aimed to investigate the association between depression and the prospective risk of RVO using nationally representative longitudinal data. This retrospective, nationwide, population-based cohort study included 9,178,222 people aged 20 years or older who underwent the Korean National Health Screening Program examination in 2009. The depression group consisted of subjects whose initial diagnoses were made between 2009 and 2010 (n = 128,700). The predictive value for RVO was analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models.
From the Kaplan–Meier curves, the depression group showed significantly higher RVO incidence probability, relative to the comparison group (P < .0001). After all confounding variables were adjusted, the hazard ratio of RVO in the depression group with or without recurrence was 1.2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.076–1.338) and 1.087 (95% CI: 1.012–1.167), respectively, relative to the comparison group. This is the first nationwide, population-based, epidemiologic study that evaluated the association between depression and the risk of RVO development. The presence of depression was significantly associated with increased risks of RVO, and the recurrence of depression showed a higher RVO incidence probability.
Creation of a linked cohort of children and their parents in a large, national electronic health record dataset
Authors: Angier Heather , Giebultowicz Sophia , Kaufmann Jorge , Heintzman John , O’Malley Jean , Moreno Laura , DeVoe Jennifer E. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
To examine which parental health care and health factors are most strongly associated with a child's receipt of recommended care we must be able to link children to their parents in electronic health record data. Yet, there is not an easy way to link these data.
To identify a national cohort of children that link to at least one parent in the same electronic health record dataset and describe their demographics.
Methodology to link parents and children in electronic health records and descriptive sociodemographic data.
Children with at least one encounter with a primary care clinician between Januray 1, 2007 and December 12, 2018 to a community health center in the OCHIN national network. We identified parents of these children who also had at least one encounter to a community health center in the network using emergency contact and guarantor record fields.
A total of 227,552 children had parents with a linkable patient record. After exclusions, our final cohort included 213,513 distinct children with either one or two parent-links. 82% of children linked to a mother only, 14% linked to a father only, and 4% linked to both a mother and a father. Most families consisted of only one linked child (61%).
We were able to link 33% of children to a parent in electronic health record data from a large network of community health centers across the United States. Further analyses utilizing these linkages will allow examination of the multi-level factors that impact a child's receipt of recommended health care.
Creating a New Model of Care by Integrating Case Management Nurses in a Children's Hospital
Authors: Bourque Maryanne , DeFilippis Donna , Adkins Lisa 
Published: August 2021

Purpose/Objectives:
Nurse case managers (NCMs) have been identified as effective members of a care team in the development of effective and successful discharge plans. A pediatric hospital had an opportunity to change the model of case management (CM) in response to multiple initiatives. This article describes the process, barriers, and results of the integration of a new role into the care team.

Primary Practice Setting:
The role development and integration were done at a quaternary-level pediatric hospital.

Findings/Conclusions:
Introduction of the NCM role was accomplished through a multidisciplinary approach that employed continuous improvement, involvement of team and hospital leaders, and collaboration across multiple professions. The role was developed from one pilot to the eventual positioning of nine NCMs. Introduction of the new program resulted in a shift from a reactive dyad model of social worker–utilization management nurse to a proactive triad model of NCM–social worker–utilization management nurse. Success was measured by a decrease in the number of denials and an increase in the overturn of the denials received. Other results included the innovation of several processes that streamlined discharge planning and contributed to patient/family satisfaction.

Implications for Case Management Practice:
Creation of a new nurse-led CM triad team can be accomplished through multidisciplinary support and a focus on continuous improvement. Further collaboration on discharge planning standards and CM is indicated. Additional research focused on the impact of nurse-led pediatric discharge planning as it relates to readmission reduction and appropriateness of level of care and length of stay is also needed.
Posttraumatic Growth in Women who have Experienced Loss of a Child
Authors: Doherty Mary Ellen , Scannell-Desch Elizabeth 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to describe and explore the experiences of women who have lost a child and the degree of posttraumatic growth revealed by the experiences.

Study Design and Method:
A qualitative descriptive study was conducted with interviews of mothers and grandmothers of children who died using the posttraumatic growth framework.

Findings:
Participants included 11 mothers and 2 grandmothers. The posttraumatic growth framework was useful in examining their experiences. Seven themes were identified through data analysis: When my child died, I lost part of myself; Anticipated loss versus unanticipated loss; Picking up the pieces of my life; Support, kindness, and compassion helped; Moving on while still broken; Never forgotten, always in my heart; and Holding my loved ones close.

Clinical Implications:
Nurses are in strategic positions to help women who have experienced the loss of a child by building rapport, establishing trust, and demonstrating empathy.
Examining the Effectiveness of Strategies Developed to Create an Error Reporting Culture
Authors: Aydeniz Ecem , Intepeler Seyda Seren 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This study was conducted to develop strategies for creating an error reporting culture and to assess their effectiveness.

Design
This study was planned to explore how to improve patient safety. The study used a quasi-experimental 1-group pre-post design. It examined the culture of reporting through an analysis of employees' attitudes toward medical errors, along with rates of medical error reporting.

Methods
Four different forms were used as data collection tools. The multiple strategies used in this study constituted the research interventions. These strategies were as follows: “Education on Medical Errors and Medical Error Reporting,” “Posting Banners and Posters about the Subject,” “Using Social Networks and Creating a Facebook Page Titled ‘Leaders of Patient Safety’,” “Revising the Institution's Incident/Error Reporting System,” and “Patient Safety Symposium.” Data were evaluated using descriptive statistics and paired sample t test.

Results
It was determined that medical error reporting rates increased in the first 6 months after the initiative, and this increase continued in the second 6 months. Medical error reports in the institution where this study was conducted increased by 10 times at the end of the first year.

Conclusions
Multiple strategies applied for creating an error reporting culture and assessing their effectiveness positively affected health professionals' medical error attitudes and increased error reporting rates.
Clinical Trial: Diurnal IOP Fluctuations in Glaucoma Using Latanoprost and Timolol with Self-Tonometry
Authors: Tong Janelle , Huang Jessie , Kalloniatis Michael , Coroneo Minas , Zangerl Barbara 
Published: August 2021

SIGNIFICANCE
Assessment of treatment efficacy via comparison with a target IOP is fundamental in monitoring patients with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. This article highlights that diurnal IOP fluctuations obtained using self-tonometry may more accurately reflect IOP responses to therapy.

PURPOSE
This study aimed to investigate fluctuations in diurnal IOP measurements in patients with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension treated with latanoprost 0.005% and timolol 0.25%.

METHODS
In this crossover treatment trial, 14 participants performed self-tonometry with iCare HOME 4 times daily for (1) 1 week using latanoprost, (2) 4 weeks using no medications, and (3) 2 weeks using timolol. Daily peak IOPs, IOP fluctuations, and mean IOPs from different treatments were compared on an individual basis. Treatment efficacy between medications was assessed by comparing mean percentage IOP reductions with latanoprost and timolol across participants. In addition, effects of age, years since commencing latanoprost, sex, and diagnosis were investigated, and peak IOP times were compared with assess impacts on diurnal profiles.

RESULTS
Between individuals, IOP responses ranged from reductions in peak IOPs, IOP fluctuations, and mean IOPs on both medications to no change in any parameter and medication. IOP fluctuations showed greater mean percentage reductions than did peak and mean IOPs (χ2 = 16.51, P = .002). There were significant associations between years since commencing latanoprost and peak and mean IOP responses on timolol (r = 0.69, P = .007), and sex and relative reductions in IOP fluctuations on both medications (P = .03). There were no differences in peak IOP times between treatment conditions.

CONCLUSIONS
Despite variability in IOP responses to latanoprost and timolol, IOP fluctuation with self-tonometry was more consistent in evaluating target IOP, reflecting its importance in ascertaining true IOP response to topical therapies. These findings may impact clinical decision making based on target IOP criteria in patients on topical therapy.
The Effects of Center-near and Center-distance Multifocal Contact Lenses on Peripheral Defocus and Visual Acuity
Authors: Hair Lea A. , Steffensen Elaine M. , Berntsen David A. 
Published: August 2021

SIGNIFICANCE
Multifocal contact lenses (MFCLs) are being used clinically for myopia control. Center-distance designs caused myopic changes in defocus across the retina that varied by lens design, whereas the center-near design caused peripheral hyperopic changes. Multifocal lenses caused reductions in low-contrast vision that varied by lens design, affecting visual performance.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to compare changes in defocus with four MFCLs, three center-distance and one center-near.

METHODS
Two cohorts of 25 nonpresbyopic myopic adults were enrolled. The first cohort was fitted with Proclear D and Biofinity D MFCL (center-distance, +2.50 D add), and the second cohort was fitted with NaturalVue MFCL (center-distance) and Clariti 1-Day MFCL (center-near, high add), both in random order. Overrefraction was performed to maximize visual acuity. Cycloplegic autorefraction was performed with each lens and without a lens along the line of sight and at nasal and temporal retinal locations out to 40°. Data were analyzed with repeated-measures ANOVAs with post hoc t tests, when indicated.

RESULTS
Changes in defocus at each location differed between MFCL designs (lens by location; both, P < .001). Clariti 1-Day caused peripheral hyperopic retinal changes (40 and 30° nasal, and 20, 30, and 40° temporal; all, P < .05). NaturalVue MFCL caused myopic changes centrally and hyperopic changes at 40° nasal and 30° temporal (all, P < .05). The remaining center-distance designs caused myopic changes at multiple locations (all, P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS
After overrefraction, the center-near MFCL design caused hyperopic defocus at multiple peripheral locations, which is not hypothesized to slow myopia progression. NaturalVue MFCL caused myopic changes in defocus centrally but hyperopic changes in the far periphery. Biofinity D and Proclear D caused myopic changes in retinal defocus. Further work is warranted to determine whether defocus profile differences between the center-distance designs influence any slowing of myopia progression.