bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and acceptability of monitoring personal air pollution exposure with sensors for asthma self-management
Authors: Xie Sherrie , Meeker Jessica R. , Perez Luzmercy , Eriksen Whitney , Localio Anna , Park Hami , Jen Alicia , Goldstein Madison , Temeng Akua F. , Morales Sarai M. , Christie Colin , Greenblatt Rebecca E. , Barg Frances K. , Apter Andrea J. , Himes Blanca E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) increases the risk of asthma exacerbations, and thus, monitoring personal exposure to PM2.5 may aid in disease self-management. Low-cost, portable air pollution sensors offer a convenient way to measure personal pollution exposure directly and may improve personalized monitoring compared with traditional methods that rely on stationary monitoring stations. We aimed to understand whether adults with asthma would be willing to use personal sensors to monitor their exposure to air pollution and to assess the feasibility of using sensors to measure real-time PM2.5 exposure.

Methods
We conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 adults with asthma to understand their willingness to use a personal pollution sensor and their privacy preferences with regard to sensor data. Student research assistants used HabitatMap AirBeam devices to take PM2.5 measurements at 1-s intervals while walking in Philadelphia neighborhoods in May–August 2018. AirBeam PM2.5 measurements were compared to concurrent measurements taken by three nearby regulatory monitors.

Results
All interview participants stated that they would use a personal air pollution sensor, though the consensus was that devices should be small (watch- or palm-sized) and light. Patients were generally unconcerned about privacy or sharing their GPS location, with only two stating they would not share their GPS location under any circumstances. PM2.5 measurements were taken using AirBeam sensors on 34 walks that extended through five Philadelphia neighborhoods. The range of sensor PM2.5 measurements was 0.6–97.6 μg/mL (mean 6.8 μg/mL), compared to 0–22.6 μg/mL (mean 9.0 μg/mL) measured by nearby regulatory monitors. Compared to stationary measurements, which were only available as 1-h integrated averages at discrete monitoring sites, sensor measurements permitted characterization of fine-scale fluctuations in PM2.5 levels over time and space.

Conclusions
Patients were generally interested in using sensors to monitor their personal exposure to PM2.5 and willing to share personal sensor data with health care providers and researchers. Compared to traditional methods of personal exposure assessment, sensors captured personalized air quality information at higher spatiotemporal resolution. Improvements to currently available sensors, including more reliable Bluetooth connectivity, increased portability, and longer battery life would facilitate their use in a general patient population.
Protocol for a pilot trial to assess the feasibility of the Move More @ Work intervention to encourage employees to take the opportunity to move (be physically active) after every 30 min of sitting
Authors: Hargreaves Elaine A. , Haszard Jillian J. , Shaw Sally , Peddie Meredith C. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Prolonged sitting increases the risk of cardio-metabolic disease. Office-based employees are particularly susceptible to high rates of this sedentary behaviour during work hours. Laboratory studies indicate that regularly interrupting periods of prolonged sitting with short bouts (2 min) of physical activity can improve markers of cardio-metabolic health. This method of interrupting sitting time is yet to be tested in an occupational setting and may provide an alternative to providing sit-to-stand desks. Drawing on the Behaviour Change Wheel and evidence on the barriers and motivators to performing regular activity breaks, the Move More @ Work intervention was developed. The objectives of this pilot study are to examine the feasibility, and preliminary outcomes, of this intervention designed to encourage participants to perform 1–2 min of activity after every 30 min of continuous sitting throughout the work day. The study will inform if progress to a full effectiveness trial is warranted.

Methods
An interrupted time series design consisting of a 4-week baseline (control period), a 12-week intervention, and a 12-week follow-up will be utilised. At least 57 university employees who self-report spending > 5 h per day sitting at work on at least 3 days per week will be recruited to participate. The intervention consists of (1) a structured consultation with a Move More @ Work coach, containing a number of behaviour change techniques to create an individualised plan of how to incorporate the activity breaks into the working day, and (2) strategies to create a supportive workplace culture for performing the activity breaks. Feasibility will be assessed by recruitment and retention rates, and acceptability of the intervention. Pilot outcomes are the number of regular activity breaks taken during the workday, cardio-metabolic risk score and self-reported health, and work-related productivity outcomes.

Discussion
If the Move More @ Work intervention is shown to be feasible, acceptable, and shows evidence of effectiveness, this will provide justification for the progression to a full scale evaluation of the intervention. In the longer-term, this intervention may provide an alternative means of improving health outcomes through interrupting sedentary time than that offered by current sedentary behaviour interventions.

Trial registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12620000354987. Registered on 12 March 2020
Equivalent model of multi-type distributed generators under faults with fast-iterative calculation method based on improved PSO algorithm
Authors: Wang Puyu , Song Jinyuan , Liang Fangyu , Shi Fang , Kong Xiangping , Xie Guangen , Zhang Xiao-Ping , Gu Xinxin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThere are various types of distributed generators (DGs) with different grid integration strategies. The transient characteristics of the fault currents provided by the DGs are different to those of conventional synchronous generators. In this paper, a distribution network with multi-type DGs is investigated, including consideration of DG low-voltage ride through (LVRT). The fault current characteristics of two typical DGs, i.e. an inverter-interfaced distributed generator (IIDG) and a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), are analyzed, considering the specific operation modes. Based on analysis of the fault characteristics, an equivalent model of the multi-type DGs under symmetrical/asymmetrical fault conditions is established. A fast-iterative fault calculation method for enhancing the calculation efficiency while avoiding local convergence is then proposed using an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. A simulation system of the distribution network with multi-type DGs is established in PSCAD/EMTDC. The simulation results validate the high accuracy and calculation efficiency of the proposed calculation method of the fault components. This can assist in the settings of the protection threshold.
A revision of malbranchea-like fungi from clinical specimens in the United States of America reveals unexpected novelty
Authors: Rodríguez-Andrade Ernesto , Cano-Lira José F. , Wiederhold Nathan , Pérez-Cantero Alba , Guarro Josep , Stchigel Alberto M. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTThe fungi of the order Onygenales can cause important human infections; however, their taxonomy and worldwide occurrence is still little known. We have studied and identified a representative number of clinical fungi belonging to that order from a reference laboratory in the USA. A total of 22 strains isolated from respiratory tract (40%) and human skin and nails (27.2%) showed a malbranchea-like morphology. Six genera were phenotypically and molecularly identified, i.e. Auxarthron/Malbranchea (68.2%), Arachnomyces (9.1%), Spiromastigoides (9.1%), and Currahmyces (4.5%), and two newly proposed genera (4.5% each). Based on the results of the phylogenetic study, we synonymized Auxarthron with Malbranchea, and erected two new genera: Pseudoarthropsis and Pseudomalbranchea. New species proposed are: Arachnomyces bostrychodes, A. graciliformis, Currahmyces sparsispora, Malbranchea gymnoascoides, M. multiseptata, M. stricta, Pseudoarthropsis crassispora, Pseudomalbranchea gemmata, and Spiromastigoides geomycoides, along with a new combination for Malbranchea gypsea. The echinocandins showed the highest in vitro antifungal activity against the studied isolates, followed by terbinafine and posaconazole; in contrast, amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and 5-fluorocytosine were less active or lacked in vitro activity against these fungi.
Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis even using low-molecular-weight heparin after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Lee Joon Kyu , Lee Kee Byoung , Kim Joong Il , Park Gun Tae , Cho Young Chang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundWith an increase in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the Asian population, most surgeons today use a form of prophylactic anticoagulant agents in patients after TKA. Nevertheless, DVT occasionally develops even in these patients with prophylaxis. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for DVT after TKA in cases of postoperative low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) use.MethodsWe designed a retrospective study with 103 patients who underwent primary TKA. From the second postoperative day, 60 mg of LMWH was subcutaneously injected into the patients daily. On the seventh postoperative day, patients had computed tomography angiography to check whether they had DVT. Regarding risk factors, we investigated patients’ gender, age, surgical site (unilateral/bilateral), body mass index, method of anesthesia, preoperative hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia status, and prothrombin time/international normalized ratio from electronic medical records. We analyzed the statistical significance of these risk factors.ResultsStatistically significant factors in the single-variable analysis were surgical site (unilateral/bilateral), body mass index, preoperative hypertension status, and anesthesia method. Multiple logistic regression analysis with these factors revealed that the surgical site (unilateral/bilateral,p = 0.024) and anesthesia method (p = 0.039) were significant factors for the occurrence of postoperative DVT after TKA.ConclusionsPatients undergoing simultaneous bilateral TKAs and patients undergoing TKA with general anesthesia need more attention regarding DVT even with chemoprophylaxis using LMWH after TKA.
Characterizing Out-of-Pocket Payments and Financial Assistance for Patients Prescribed Abiraterone and Enzalutamide at an Academic Cancer Center Specialty Pharmacy
Authors: Jeong Angelina Y. , Schwartz Eric B. , Roman Andrea R. , McDevitt Rachel L. , Oerline Mary K. , Henry Elyssa , Veenstra Christine M. , Caram Megan E.V. 
Published: September 2021

PURPOSE: Abiraterone and enzalutamide are commonly used oral cancer therapies for patients with prostate cancer, both with potentially high out-of-pocket costs for patients. We investigated the prevalence of financial assistance mechanisms used to alleviate out-of-pocket costs and the association of these mechanisms with timing of treatment initiation of abiraterone or enzalutamide. METHODS: Using data from the medical center's specialty pharmacy, we identified first prescriptions for abiraterone or enzalutamide between January 1, 2017, and March 31, 2019. Prescriptions dispensed at an external pharmacy or that were discontinued for reasons unrelated to cost were excluded. Patient demographics, insurance coverage, out-of-pocket cost, and number of days between prescribed date and pill-to-mouth date were collected. RESULTS: Among 220 prescriptions in our final cohort, 185 were filled through our internal specialty pharmacy, 23 through a manufacturer-sponsored patient assistance program (PAP), and 12 were never filled because of cost. One third of the prescriptions in our final cohort (n = 66) were filled with financial assistance: PAP (10%), copay cards (9%), and grants (11%). The median amount of assistance received for the first fill was $2,860 US dollars (USD) (interquartile range $1,856-$10,717 USD). Prescriptions with an out-of-pocket cost < $100 USD were filled in the shortest time (median 5 days), whereas those filled through a PAP had the longest time to initiation (median 30.5 days). CONCLUSION: Among patients prescribed oral therapies for prostate cancer at a single institution, one third of patients received financial assistance. Although receiving assistance is likely to improve financial toxicity, waiting for assistance may lead to longer time to initiation of medication.
Comparing carbon emissions between online and in-person study for a cohort of overseas students: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Heller Richard F , Sun Ya-Yen , Guo Zhe , Malik Arunima 
Published: September 2021

Background: One of the benefits of online education is the potential reduction in carbon emissions through the decrease in travel to attend a university in person. We estimated the savings in CO2 emissions of an international cohort of master’s students who studied fully online from their home countries, rather than travelling to the UK and living there while attending university. Methods: The city and country of residence of a cohort of students who first enrolled in the fully online Peoples-uni/Manchester Metropolitan University MPH programme between the second semester of 2011 and the first semester 2013 were recorded. We estimated the aviation emissions between Manchester, UK and the cities where students reside, and subtracted the per capita emissions for the country of origin from the per capita emissions for the UK over the time that the student would have spent in Manchester as a full-time student, based on the semester in which they first enrolled. Results: 128 students enrolled from 55 cities in 31 countries. 93 students were from a range of African countries and 18 from the Indian sub-continent. Flights to and from Manchester were estimated to have accounted for 114,553kg of CO2 and living in Manchester for the duration of their course compared with staying in the home country would have been equivalent to 854,904kg of CO2. The combined net savings was 969,457kg of CO2. Conclusions: A small cohort of overseas students, largely from Africa and India, studied online rather than attending university in the UK. The saving by this small cohort of nearly a million kg of CO2 emissions through not attending university in-person offers an indication of the potential environmental benefits of offering university education online to overseas students.
Competing Combinatorial Auctions
Authors: Kittsteiner Thomas , Ott Marion , Steinberg Richard 
Published: September 2021

Combinatorial auctions are auctions in which bids can be submitted on sets of items, rather than just on individual items. These auctions are generally beneficial to both auctioneers and bidders, as they allow bidders to express their synergies for sets of items. In recent years, we have seen the advent of combinatorial auctions as well as the emergence of online market platforms with competing auctioneers. However, combinatorial auctions have largely been absent from these platforms. Our article provides an explanation for this absence by demonstrating that competition between auctioneers can reduce the attractiveness of offering combinatorial auctions. Specifically, we show that auctioneers can limit competitive pressure between themselves by allowing bids only on specific packages, where these packages differ between auctioneers. This results in market segmentation, which increases bidder competition, and consequently increases auctioneer revenues. These findings have implications for market design. In particular they imply that, for an online market platform having multiple sellers offering auctions to the same set of buyers, it might not be advantageous to offer combinatorial auctions as a design option to the competing sellers.
Assessment of fitness and vector competence of a New Caledonia wMel Aedes aegypti strain before field-release
Authors: Pocquet Nicolas , O’Connor Olivia , Flores Heather A. , Tutagata Jordan , Pol Morgane , Hooker David J. , Inizan Catherine , Russet Sylvie , Duyvestyn Johanna M. , Pacidônio Etiene C. , Girault Dominique , da Silva Gonçalves Daniela , Minier Marine , Touzain Frédéric , Chalus Elodie , Lucien Kevin , Cheilan Florie , Derycke Tristan , Laumond Sylvie , Simmons Cameron P. , Dupont-Rouzeyrol Myrielle , Rossi Nadège 
Published: September 2021

Background
Biological control programs involving Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti are currently deployed in different epidemiological settings. New Caledonia (NC) is an ideal location for the implementation and evaluation of such a strategy as the only proven vector for dengue virus (DENV) is Ae. aegypti and dengue outbreaks frequency and severity are increasing. We report the generation of a NC Wolbachia-infected Ae. aegypti strain and the results of experiments to assess the vector competence and fitness of this strain for future implementation as a disease control strategy in Noumea, NC.

Methods/principal findings
The NC Wolbachia strain (NC-wMel) was obtained by backcrossing Australian AUS-wMel females with New Caledonian Wild-Type (NC-WT) males. Blocking of DENV, chikungunya (CHIKV), and Zika (ZIKV) viruses were evaluated via mosquito oral feeding experiments and intrathoracic DENV challenge. Significant reduction in infection rates were observed for NC-wMel Ae. aegypti compared to WT Ae. aegypti. No transmission was observed for NC-wMel Ae. aegypti. Maternal transmission, cytoplasmic incompatibility, fertility, fecundity, wing length, and insecticide resistance were also assessed in laboratory experiments. Ae. aegypti NC-wMel showed complete cytoplasmic incompatibility and a strong maternal transmission. Ae. aegypti NC-wMel fitness seemed to be reduced compared to NC-WT Ae. aegypti and AUS-wMel Ae. aegypti regarding fertility and fecundity. However further experiments are required to assess it accurately.

Conclusions/significance
Our results demonstrated that the NC-wMel Ae. aegypti strain is a strong inhibitor of DENV, CHIKV, and ZIKV infection and prevents transmission of infectious viral particles in mosquito saliva. Furthermore, our NC-wMel Ae. aegypti strain induces reproductive cytoplasmic incompatibility with minimal apparent fitness costs and high maternal transmission, supporting field-releases in Noumea, NC.
On the uniqueness for weak solutions of steady double-phase fluids
Authors: Abdelwahed Mohamed , Berselli Luigi C. , Chorfi Nejmeddine 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We consider a double-phase non-Newtonian fluid, described by a stress tensor which is the sum of a p-Stokes and a q-Stokes stress tensor, with 1 < p<2 < q<∞. For a wide range of parameters (p, q), we prove the uniqueness of small solutions. We use the p < 2 features to obtain quadratic-type estimates for the stress-tensor, while we use the improved regularity coming from the term with q > 2 to justify calculations for weak solutions. Results are obtained through a careful use of the symmetries of the convective term and are also valid for rather general (even anisotropic) stress-tensors.
The concordance between ultrasonographic stage of breast and Tanner stage of breast for overweight and obese girls: a school population-based study
Authors: Pan Dongxue , Fu Simao , Li Xiaoqing , Yu Tingting , Huang Sizhe , Zhang Bihong , Lai Xin , Liu Yifan , Yu Xiaodan , Lin Cuilan , Liu Shijian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
In this study, we evaluated the concordance between the ultrasonographic stage of breast (US B) and Tanner stage of breast (TS B) for overweight and obese girls based on a school population study.

Methods
We conducted multistage, stratified cluster, and random-proportional sampling and ultimately included 221 girls (aged 6–10 years).

Results
This study revealed that the concordance was poor (accuracy=0.19 (95% confidence interval: 0.14, 0.25)) between US B and TS B among the 221 participants. When our subjects were stratified by weight, we observed a weak association between US B and TS B in the thin/normal weight group (r=0.34, p=0.001) but not in the overweight (r=0.097, p=0.38) or obese groups (r=–0.19, p=0.206), and as the body mass index (BMI) z-score increased, the overestimation ratio of TS B increased. US B manifested a positive correlation with breast bud diameter (BD) (r=0.885, p<0.001), follicle-stimulating hormone (r=0.235, p=0.009), and luteinizing hormone (r=0.192, p=0.037), but this was not the case with TS B.

Conclusions
As the BMI z-score increased, the correlation between the two methods declined, and the overestimation ratio of TS B increased. US B is an objective and quantitative method used to evaluate breast development, and whether BD might replace US B as a routine diagnostic method to evaluate breast development in clinical practice needs to be confirmed in larger-sample studies.
Sustained false-positive results for hepatitis A virus immunoglobulin M: A case report and literature review
Authors: Tan Youwen , Chen Li 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Hepatitis A virus immunoglobulin M (HAV-IgM) is often used to diagnose acute hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection serologically. However, false-positive test results can interfere with the diagnosis. A 56-year-old woman was readmitted to the hospital owing to abnormal liver function tests for the last 18 months. She had been diagnosed with acute HAV and was hospitalized in isolation based on a positive HAV-IgM test 18 months ago. Regular follow-up after discharge showed abnormal liver function and an elevated level of antinuclear antibodies and immunoglobulin G. For the last 15 days, the patient had fatigue, decreased appetite, and yellow urine, signaling recrudescence. Liver function tests were also abnormal. Liver biopsy revealed histological changes consistent with typical autoimmune hepatitis. After 2 months of methylprednisolone treatment, liver function returned to normal, and HAV-IgM turned negative. The diagnosis of acute HAV in nonendemic areas requires a comprehensive analysis of epidemic history, clinical characteristics, etiology, etc.
Crystal structure of chlorido-(4-methyl-2-((phenylimino)methyl)phenolato-κ2
N,O)-(pyridine-κ1
N)platinum(II), C19H17ClN2OPt
Authors: Khan Arshad , Usman Rabia , Refat Moamen S. , Alosaimi Abeer M. , Alghamdi Mohammed T. , Rahman Faiz-Ur 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
C10H8BrN3, orthorhombic,

P

1
‾

$P&#x203e;{1}$

(no. 2), a = 12.114(7) Å, b = 12.254(8) Å, c = 13.186(8) Å, α = 71.659(10)°, β = 84.744(10)°, γ = 89.725(10)°, V = 1850(2) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0511, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1644, T = 293 K.