bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Factors Influencing the Timing and Prognosis of Early Tracheostomy in Patients with Multiple Rib Fractures using Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Zhang Bing , Li GongKe , Wang YuRong , li yong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective To explore the factors affecting the timing and prognosis of early tracheostomy(within 7 days after tracheal intubation) in patients with multiple rib fractures. Methods A retrospective analysis of the medical history of 222 patients with multiple rib fractures who were admitted to the department of emergency intensive care unit(EICU) of the affiliated hospital of Yangzhou University from February 2015 to October 2019 underwent early tracheostomy. According to the time from tracheal intubation to tracheostomy after admission, the patients were divided into two groups: early tracheostomy group (within 7 days after tracheal intubation,ET) and late tracheostomy group (after the 7th day, LT). The propensity score matching analysis technique was used to compare the differences between the two groups in a 1:1 ratio. Results A total of 222 patients were enrolled, with 118 in the ET group and 104 in the LT group. After matching, 87 in the ET group and 87 in the LT group. The proportion of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)[59(67.8%)], the volume of pulmonary contusion (VPC)[33.8±11.4], and number of total rib fractures (NTRF)[10.8±2.7] in the ET were significantly higher than those in the LT group, P<0.05. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that ARDS[OR=3.740, 95%CI(1.441, 9.711)], VPC[OR=1.087, 95%CI(1.052, 1.124)], and NTRF [OR=1.775, 95%CI(1.439, 2.188)] were independent risk factors for ET.The Pearson analysis showed that VPC and NTRF had significant correlation(R=0.369, P=0.01), ARDS and VPC had low degree correlation(R=0.179, P=0.018), while ARDS and NTRF had no significant correlation(R=0.132, P=0.110). Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis showed that the area under VPC and NTRF curves [0.832(95%CI: 0.770~0.893),0.804(95%CI: 0.740~0.868)] were significantly more than the number of rib fractures(NFR), glasgow coma scale(GCS), and injury severity score(ISS), P<0.05. COX regression analysis showed that patients with underwent ET survived significantly better than the LT, P<0.05. Conclusions We found that ARDS, VPC, and NTFR were independent risk factors for ET; VPC ≥ 23.9% and (or) NTRF ≥ 8.5 could be used as predictors of ET in patients with multiple rib fractures. There was a linear relationship between NTRF and VPC. ET might benefit patients with multiple rib fractures.
RCAN1 Knockout and Overexpression Recapitulate an Ensemble of Rest-activity and Circadian Disruptions Characteristic of Down Syndrome, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Normative Aging
Authors: Wong Helen , Buck Jordan M. , Borski Curtis , Pafford Jessica , Keller Bailey N. , Stitzel Jerry A , Hoeffer Charles A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) is overexpressed in Down syndrome (DS), but RCAN1 levels are also increased in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and normal aging. AD is highly comorbid among individuals with DS and is characterized in part by progressive neurodegeneration that resembles accelerated aging. Importantly, abnormal RCAN1 levels have been demonstrated to promote memory deficits and pathophysiology symptomatic of DS, AD, and aging. Anomalous diurnal rest-activity patterns and circadian rhythm disruptions are also common in DS, AD, and aging and have been implicated in facilitating age-related cognitive decline and AD progression. However, no prior studies have assessed whether RCAN1 dysregulation may also promote the age-associated alteration of rest-activity profiles and circadian rhythms, which could in turn contribute to neurodegeneration in DS, AD, and aging. Methods: The present study examined the impacts of RCAN1 deficiency and overexpression on the photic entrainment, circadian periodicity, intensity and distribution, diurnal patterning, and circadian rhythmicity of wheel running in young (3-6 months old) and aged (9-14 months old) mice. All data were initially analyzed by multifactorial ANOVA with variables of genotype, age, treatment, and sex considered as dependent variables.Results: We found that daily RCAN1 levels in the hippocampi of light-entrained young mice are generally constant and that balanced RCAN1 expression is necessary for normal circadian locomotor activity rhythms. While the light-entrained diurnal period was unaltered, RCAN1-null and -overexpressing mice displayed lengthened endogenous (free-running) circadian periods like mouse models of AD and aging. In light-entrained young mice, RCAN1 knockout and overexpression also recapitulated the general hypoactivity, diurnal rest-wake pattern fragmentation, and attenuated amplitudes of circadian activity rhythms reported in DS, preclinical and clinical AD, healthily aging individuals, and rodent models thereof. Under constant darkness, RCAN1-null and -overexpressing mice displayed altered locomotor behavior indicating circadian clock dysfunction. Using the Dp(16)1Yey/+ (Dp16) mouse model for DS, which expresses three copies of Rcan1, we found reduced wheel running activity and rhythmicity in both light-entrained and free-running young Dp16 mice like young RCAN1-overexpressing mice. Critically, these diurnal and circadian deficits were rescued in part or entirely by restoring Rcan1 to two copies in Dp16 mice. Conclusions: Collectively, this study's findings suggest that both loss and aberrant gain of RCAN1 precipitate anomalous light-entrained diurnal and circadian activity patterns emblematic of DS, AD, and aging.
Ezrin Prompted Myoblast Differentiation and Muscle Fiber Specialization and Gastrocnemius Muscle Repair in Peroneal Nerve Injury Model through PKA-NFATs Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhang Ruo-nan , Bao Xin , Wang Yan , Li Xin-Yuan , Mbadhi MagdaleenaNaemi , Liu Yun , Xu Wei , Yao Lu-yuan , Chen Long , Zhao Xiao-ying , Hu Chang-qing , Zhang Jing-xuan , Zheng Hong-tao , Wu Yan , Chen Shi-You , Li Shan , Chen Shao-juan , Lv Jing , Shi Liu-liu , Tang Jun-Ming 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Muscular dystrophy is a destructive neuromuscular disease characterized by progressive muscle weakness and muscle atrophy. The role of Ezrin in myoblast differentiation/fusion and muscle atrophy is still unknown.Method: Gastrocnemius muscle atrophy model were prepared by mechanical clamp of peroneal nerve. Differentiating C2C12 cells treated with Ad-Ezrin or Ad-shEzrin were detected by gene chip, Q-PCR, immunofluorescence staining and Western blot.Results: Ezrin was expressed in MyHC I/II myofibers in vivo, and time-dependently increased during myoblast differentiation/fusion characterized by MyoG+/MEF2c nuclei and MyHC+ myotubes in vitro. Overexpression of Ezrin promoted myoblast differentiation/fusion in time-dependent manner, inducing the increased MyHC-I+ and MyHC-II+ muscle fiber specialization, the specific effects could be abolished by addition of Ad-Periaxin. Ad-Ezrin did not alter PKA and PKAreg II α levels, but PKAreg I α/β. The PKA inhibitor, H-89, remarkably abolished the over-expression effects by Ezrin on an increased myoblast differentiation/fusion. By contrast, Knockdown of Ezrin by shRNA significantly delayed myoblast differentiation/fusion accompanied by the decreased PKA reg I/II ratio, the inhibitory effects could be eliminated by PKAreg I activator N6-Bz-cAMP. Meanwhile, Ad-Ezrin enhanced type I muscle fiber specialization, accompanied by the increased levels of NFATc1/c2.Furthermore, Ad-NFATc2 or Ad-NFATc4 reversed the inhibitory effects of Ad-shEzrin on myoblast differentiation/fusion. Importantly, in vivo transfection of Ad-Ezrin into gastrocnemius muscles in peroneal nerve injury model increased the numbers of MyHC-I+ and MyHC-II+ myofibers, reducing muscle atrophy and fibrosis.Conclusions: Ezrin activated PKA-NFAT-MyoD/MyoG/MEF2C signaling pathway, triggering myoblast differentiation/fusion and muscle fiber specialization in periaxin-depentdent manner, contributing to gastrocnemius muscles repair.
Clinical Impact of Pelvic Malrotation on X-ray based Preoperative Planning for Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Proof-of-concept and Prudent Prediction of Acceptable Rotation
Authors: Lourens Ernest Christian , Kurmis Andrew , Lim Wan Yin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
IntroductionPelvic rotation (PR) on preoperative X-ray templating can affect various critical measured acetabular angles and potentially outcomes of successful total hip arthroplasty (THA). Optimising anatomical reconstruction of the joint is essential to achieve function, longevity and prevention of complications following surgery. There is limited literature that standardises the degree of acceptable PR on X-ray or its effects on the fitting of acetabular prostheses. ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop a proof-of-concept that quantifies how PR can affect various acetabular angles used in pre-operative THA templating and to formulate a practicable method of determining if the preoperative PR is acceptable. Materials and MethodsComputerised tomography (CT) models from three control and two THA patients were generated and manipulated in various degrees of PR. CT slices were thickened to simulate X-rays and acetabular angles measured. ResultsThe acetabular anteversion distance (AAD) and lateral opening angle (LOA) demonstrated a linear and quadratic relationship with good correlation (R2=0.923, R2=0.710 respectively, p<0.0001) in relation to PR. Change in area of prosthesis (AOP) demonstrated a good linear correlation (r2=0.774 and r2=0.875, p<0.0001) with PR. Two novel measurements were used to estimate the degree of PR from a pelvic X-ray; the horizontal distance between pubic symphysis and middle of sacrococcygeal joint (PSSC) and the simplified pelvic rotation ratio (SPRR). A strong correlation between PSSC and SPRR with change in PR was observed (R2=0.970, R2=0.953, p<0.001). ConclusionPreliminary results suggests that an SPRR >2.0 correlates to PR>20° with potential to have a clinical impact on preoperative measurements.
Loss of TXNDC12 Induces Oxidative Stress-mediated Autophagy in Glioblastoma Cell Lines
Authors: Wang Xiaoye , Yan Zhaohui , Bao Jingxi , Li Huajian , Yu Xinhua 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Redox homeostasis in glioblastoma cells is very important, but how it is maintained is still not well understood. Herein, we identified thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12 (TXNDC12) as a therapeutic target candidate which significantly maintained redox homeostasis in GBM cells. Overexpression of TXNDC12 was associated with increased tumor grade and poor prognosis in patients with glioma (P < 0.001), according to the analysis of expression data from the public database Cancer Genome Atlas. TXNDC12 protein levels were significantly elevated in glioblastoma compared to non-tumor brain tissue samples by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Knockdown of TXNDC12 inhibited the proliferation of U251 and A172 in vitro. On day 21 post-implantation, tumor growth inhibition was 70% in A172 with stable expression of TXNDC12 shRNA in vivo (P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis of survival data showed that the overall survival of tumor-bearing animals increased from 20.3 days (control) to 28.7 days (knockout, P < 0.05). These data suggest that TXNDC12 is a key mediator in redox homeostasis both in vivo and in vitro. Thus, TXNDC12 is a potential treatment target of GBM.
A Sustainable Natural Clam Shell Derived Photocatalyst for the Effective Adsorption and Photodegradation of Organic Dyes
Authors: Zhang Hailong , Yao Xinxin , Qu Ting , Owens Gary , Gao Liangjun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In response to the increasing desire for modern industries to be both green and sustainable, there has been increasing research focus on the reutilization of natural waste materials to effectively remove and degrade toxic wastewater effluents. One interesting food industry waste product is clam shells. Here a new photocatalytic nanomaterial derived from marine clam shells was successfully prepared and characterized. Thereafter the material was applied for the removal of two target dyes from aqueous solution, where the effect of both catalyst dose and initial dye concentration on adsorption and photocatalysis properties was investigated. The maximum adsorption capacities of methylene blue (100 mg/L) and Congo red (500 mg/L) were 123.45 mg/g and 679.91 mg/g, respectively, where adsorption followed pseudo second order kinetics predominantly via a chemical adsorption process. The photodegradation removal efficiencies of the two dye solutions under visible light irradiation were 99.6% and 83.3% for MB and CR respectively. These results demonstrated that a clam shell catalyst also exhibited excellent degradation performance in a mixed dye solution with strong degradation capability and low cost, making the material a good candidate for practical field remediation of dye contaminated wastewater.
The Effect of Trait Anxiety on Medical Freshmen's Post-Traumatic Growth: The Mediating Role of Resilience
Authors: Peng Li , Lan Lan , Xu Chen , Li Min 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Trait anxiety is a risk factor for post-traumatic growth when medical freshmen are experiencing stressful events. However, little is known about whether resilience has the mediating role between trait anxiety and post-traumatic growth. The current study surveyed the Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in a sample of 295 medical freshmen. The results founded that post-traumatic growth was negatively correlated with trait anxiety, with correlation coefficients of -0.609( p < 0.01), and positively correlated with resilience, with correlation coefficient of 0.635 ( p < 0.01). Moreover, resilience could mediate the relationship between trait anxiety and post-traumatic growth. These findings provide theoretical implications to promote medical freshmen’s resilience to adapt to their life of college.
Exploring Related Factors of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Based on Elastic Net and Bayesian Network
Authors: Quan Dichen , Ren Jiahui , Ren Hao , Linghu Liqin , Wang Xuchun , Li Meichen , Qiao Yuchao , Ren Zeping , Qiu Lixia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective

This study aimed to construct Bayesian networks to analyze the network relationship between COPD and its related factors, and to explore the influencing intensity on COPD through network reasoning.
Method

Firstly Elastic Net and MMHC hybrid algorithm were adopted to screen the variables of the data of COPD in Shanxi Province from 2014 to 2015 and construct Bayesian networks respectively, and the parameters were estimated by maximum likelihood estimation.
Results

After feature selection by Elastic Net, 10 variables closely related to COPD finally entered the model. The COPD Bayesian networks constructed by MMHC algorithm showed that smoking status, household air pollution, family history, cough, air hunger or dyspnea were directly related to COPD, in which smoking status, household air pollution and family history were the parent nodes of COPD, and cough, air hunger or dyspnea represented the child nodes of COPD. In other words, smoking status, household air pollution, family history were related to the occurrence of COPD, and COPD would affect cough, air hunger or dyspnea. Gender was indirectly linked to COPD through smoking status.
Conclusion

Using Elastic Net to knock out some weakly-associated influencing factors of COPD in the variable screening stage, Bayesian networks could reveal the complex network relationship between COPD and its relevant factors well, making it more convenient to carry out targeted prevention and control of COPD. As such, Bayesian networks enjoyed a good prospect of application in analyzing disease-related factors.
The Effect of the Upregulated Expression of Fe Regulators IMA1 and bHLH104 in Arabidopsis on the Root Length and Fe Homeostasis Under Pi Starvation
Authors: Meng Xiangxiang , Li Wenfeng , Shen Renfang , Lan Ping 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Phosphate (Pi) and iron (Fe) are two essential mineral nutrients for plant growth and development. Pi starvation triggers the Fe local redistribution and over-accumulation, resulting in the reduction of the primary root, while represses the expression of Fe uptake genes. Nevertheless, the antagonistic mechanism between P and Fe nutrition in plant remain not addressed. Here, the effect of the upregulated expression of Fe regulators IMA1 and bHLH104 driven by the different-type promoters (proCaMV 35S, the promoters of Pi-starvation responsive genes proIPS1 and proPHT1;4) in response to Pi starvation was investigated in Arabidopsis. The results showed that the expression of Fe uptake genes IRT1 and FRO2 was successfully upregulated in proIPS1::IMA1, proPHT1;4::IMA1 and proIPS1::bHLH104 under Pi starvation while decreased in pro35S::IMA1, pro35S::bHLH104 and proPHT1;4::bHLH104, compared with that in the corresponding plants under Pi sufficiency. Although the length and Fe distribution in roots of them didn’t have significant difference with wild type under Pi starvation, the Fe distribution and total Fe contents were significantly increased in shoots of proIPS1::IMA1, proPHT1;4::IMA1 and proIPS1::bHLH104 while were decreased in proPHT1;4::bHLH104. The higher Fe concentrations in the Pi-starved transgenic plants also conferred the obviously tolerance to Fe deficiency. Their biomasses and total P concentrations showed no difference with wild type, regardless of Pi sufficiency or deficiency. Therefore, this approach would be a novel manipulation to modify Fe nutrient via coupling with Pi starvation in plants.
Socio-demographic Correlates of Diabetes Self-reporting Validity: An Adult’s Kurdish Population-based Study
Authors: Moradpour Farhad , Piri Negar , Dehghanbanadaki Hojat , Moradi Ghobad , Fotouk-Kiai Mahdiyeh , Moradi Yousef 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim was to assess the validity of self-reported according to the demographic and socio-economic feature in a the Dehgolan Prospective Cohort Study (DehPCS)Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analytical study on 4400 subjects aged 35-70 years of DehPCS. The reference for having diabetes was oral hypoglycemic drug consumption, insulin injection, or high FBS representing diabetes. Self-reported diabetes status was investigated by well-trained interviewers before the identification of diabetes status based on reference criteria. The validity criteria of self-reported diabetes were assessed using sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. Socio-demographic correlates of self-reported agreement were examined by multinomial logistic regression. Results: 3996 agreed to participate in this study (participation=90.8%). The diabetes prevalence among the study population was 13.1% based on self-report and 9.7% based on reference. Of the 523 people who reported diabetes, 213 (41.28%) did not have diabetes. We found a good agreement of 92.3% with an acceptable kappa value of 65.1% between self-reported diabetes and reference. Self-reported diabetes also guaranteed sensitivity of 78.5%, specificity of 93.9%, positive and negative predictive value of 58.7% and of 98.0% respectively. Female, higher economic class, higher BMI, and family history of diabetes were increased the chance of false positive. Being male and aging and moderate economic class increased the chance of false positive. Conclusion: Self-reported diabetes is identified as a relatively valid tool that could fairly determine the diabetes prevalence in epidemiological studies. It should be noted that its validity is influenced by some socio-demographic characteristics.
Restoring Geomorphic Integrity in Urban Streams via Mechanistically Based Stormwater Management: Minimizing Excess Sediment Transport Capacity
Authors: Hawley Robert J , Russell Kathryn , Taniguchi-Quan Kristine 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Stream channel erosion, enlargement, and habitat degradation are ubiquitous in urban watersheds with conventional stormwater management. Hydrologic-based restoration aims to discharge a more natural flow regime via stormwater management interventions. Whether such interventions facilitate geomorphic recovery depends, in part, on the degree to which they restrict discharges that would otherwise contribute to channel erosion. Erosion potential (E), the ratio of post-developed to predeveloped sediment transport capacity, provides a simplified, mechanistic framework to quantify the relative influence of stormwater interventions on the geomorphic effectiveness of the flow regime. This paper compiles ca. five years of data following stormwater-based interventions in three distinct settings in the United States and Australia to demonstrate how the E framework can be used to elucidate the role of hydrologic restoration interventions in helping to facilitate trajectories of geomorphic recovery (or lack thereof). In a previously developed watershed with unstable streams, substantial reductions in E coincided with a trajectory of geomorphic recovery, whereas our case study that did not reduce E between the study periods exhibited continued instability. Furthermore, a greenfield study site that used the E framework to optimize their SCMs to match the sediment transport capacity of the predeveloped regime (E = 1) was able to maintain a recovery trajectory in a legacy-impacted setting that is otherwise highly susceptible to hydromodification. Although available space and funding will limit the ability to fully reduce E in previously developed watersheds, these case studies underscore the mechanistic value of using stormwater controls to maximize reductions in E if geomorphic stability is a goal of stormwater interventions. Streambed material size and channel evolution stage also likely affect the level of E reduction necessary to promote geomorphic recovery, with coarser-grained and/or over-widened streams potentially needing less reduction than finer-grained and/or more entrenched channels.