bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of physical activity and quality of life among cancer patients
Authors: Kalra Ruchika , Anand Bhavna , Shree Shubh , Chauhan Himani , Sharma Harshita 
Published: June 2021

Background: Cancer is one of the lifestyle diseases which in years have multiplied the patients into numbers in every country and on the graph in inclination depending on the factors of our lifestyle and genetic mutation leading to this disease. Studies have proved that effect of cancer is more on the quality of life for the patient in all aspects of his or her life.
Objectives: The objective of the study was to find the relationship between quality of life and physical activity in the cancer patients.
Search Methods: Survey questionnaire was given by google forms where the Quality-of-life questionnaire with the FACT- G form for physical activity.
Selection criteria: The criteria were males and females of 40 years and above patients with the cancer in any stage and able to understand English.
Data collection and analysis: There were 63 patients as sample for study, proceeded with the consent of 40 years and above with different types and stages of cancers. The analysis created the relation of cancer to depending upon the stage of it and associating the physical activity with quality of life.
Main Results: The statistical analytical tool for finding correlation was Pearson correlation coefficient creating labelling the QOL at X value and FACT-G at Y value creating the positive correlation in the study with the value of is 0.7563.
Authors’ conclusions: Authors came with the conclusion that there is correlation between quality of life and physical activity and are directly proportional as one value decrease so as in other and vice-versa.
The Impact of Nursing Management Programs on the Quality Of Life of Patients with Heart Failure: A Systematic Review
Authors: Petaloti Stergiani , Roupa Zoe , Lambrinou Ekaterini , Noula Maria 
Published: June 2021

Background: Νon-pharmacological management programs for patients with chronic disease severe Heart Failure (HF) syndrome which programs are managed by nurses with interventions that promote self-care, self-management, self-maintenance, empowerment, behavior modification, have shown encouraging results the reduction of re-admissions, hospitalization days and positive results such as the reduction of hospital costs of the provided health care the costs of the Health Care System.
The purpose of this Systematic Review (SR) is to examine all recent prospective studies that evaluate the impact of Non-Pharmacological Management Programs by Healthcare Professionals - Nurses in the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQofL) of HF Patients.
Material and Method: After searching for published studies in PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Cochrane Library a total of 30 studies were found to meet the inclusion criteria in this review of which 6 systematic reviews, 15 randomized controlled trials, 4 randomized pilot studies, 2 experimental studies and 3 prospective studies.
Results: Nursing education and non-pharmacological management programs for patients with HF seem to be successful and effective in improving the self-care and autonomy of patients with HF but no correlation was observed with the improvement of HRQofL.
Conclusions: Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate the results of Non-Pharmacological Nursing Management of patients with HF in relation to follow-up time in the sample homogeneity, intensity and type of program to identify the most effective interventions to improve quality of life.
LEVANTAMENTO FITOSSOCIOLÓGICO DA VEGETAÇÃO HERBÁCEA-SUBARBUSTIVA DAS DUNAS DA PRAIA DE MASSARANDUPIÓ, MUNICÍPIO DE ENTRE RIOS, BAHIA
Authors: Silva Laene Paixão da , Amorim Ingrid Fabiana Fonseca , Almeida Jr. Eduardo Bezerra de , Santos Valdira de Jesus 
Published: June 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma análise fitossociológica da composição herbácea e subarbustiva, das dunas no litoral norte da Bahia, com a finalidade de conhecer e caracterizar a comunidade do estrato herbáceo-subarbustivo. A área de estudo está localizada na praia de Massarandupió (12°19´12"S; 37°50´15"W), município de Entre Rios, Bahia. Para amostragem, foram alocadas 50 parcelas de 1m2 ao longo da área e calculados os dados fitossociológico, o índice de diversidade Shannon (H´), equabilidade de Pielou (J´) e riqueza total das espécies. Foram incluídos todos os indivíduos com hábito herbáceo e subarbustivo, sendo coletados 3.804 indivíduos, pertencentes a 12 espécies, distribuídas em nove famílias. As espécies Rhynchospora riparia, Chamaecrista ramosa, Eriocaulon sp. e Comolia ovalifolia apresentaram os maiores valores de importância (VI's). Os valores de (H') e (J') quando calculados com a cobertura vegetal foram, respectivamente, H'c = 1,453 nas/m² e J'c = 0,585. As dunas de Massarandupió apresentaram uma vegetação com ervas e subarbustos distribuídos em moitas. As famílias Fabaceae, Cyperaceae e Poaceae destacaram-se por apresentarem maior número de espécies, sendo predominantes em ambientes de praias, por se adaptarem facilmente em ambientes adversos assim como seu importante papel ecológico, auxiliando na fixação das dunas.ABSTRACTThis study aimed to carry out a phytosociological analysis of the herbaceous and sub-shrub composition of the dunes on the northern coast of Bahia, with the purpose of knowing and characterizing the herbaceous-subshrub community. The study area is located on the beach of Massarandupió (12°19 ́12&quot;S; 37°50 ́15&quot;W), municipality of Entre Rios, Bahia state. For sampling 50 plots of 1m 2 were allocated over the area and the phytosociological data, Shannon diversity index (H ́), Pielou equability (J ́) and total species richness were calculated. The individuals with herbaceous and sub-shrub habit were included in the present study. Were collected 3,804 individuals, belonging to 12 species, distributed in nine families. The species Rhynchospora riparia, Chamaecrista ramosa, Eriocaulon sp. and Comolia ovalifolia presentedthe highest importance values (IV&#39;s). The values of (H&#39;) and (J&#39;) when calculated with the vegetation cover were respectively, H&#39;c = 1.453 nas/m² and J&#39;c = 0.585. Massarandupió dunespresented vegetation with herbs and sub-shrubs distributed in thickets. The families Fabaceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae stood out for presenting a greater number of species, being predominant in beach environments, for adapting easily in harsh environments as well as their important ecological role, assisting in the fixation of dunes.Keywords: Anthropization; herbaceous structure; Restinga; Northeast coastal vegetation.
FIRST RECORD OF BICEPHALY IN THE BRAZILIAN SHARPNOSE SHARK, RHIZOPRIONODON LALANDII
Authors: Prado Aline Cristina , Leite Renata Daldin , Koerbel Eduardo , Bornatowski Hugo , Padilha Érica , Wosnick Natascha 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTCongenital deformities are relatively common in rays and sharks. The present study aimed to describe a case of bicephaly in an R. lalandii embryo. Through radiographic images and evaluation of the external and internal condition of the embryo in comparison with a young of the year with no deformities of the same species, it was possible to characterize the abnormality observed. Such data are important to determine the frequency and types of anomalies observed in elasmobranchs, thusallowing greater knowledge about developmental abnormalities in the group and their possible causes. RESUMODeformidades congênitas são relativamente comuns em raias e tubarões. O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever um caso de bicefalia em um embrião de R. lalandii. Através de imagens radiográficas e avaliação da condição externa e interna do embrião em comparação com um jovem do ano sem deformidades da mesma espécie, foi possível caracterizar a anormalidadeobservada. Tais dados são importantes para determinar a frequência e tipos de anomalias observadas em elasmobrânquios, permitindo assim o maior conhecimento sobre as anormalidades de desenvolvimento no grupo e suas possíveis causas.Palavras-chave: Malformação; Tubarão; Espécie endêmica; Morfologia.
CIANOBACTÉRIAS E CIANOTOXINAS EM AMBIENTES AQUÁTICOS: uma breve revisão sobre os principais métodos detecção, remoção e impactos sobre a saúde humana = CYANBACTERIA AND CYANOTOXINS IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS: a short review on the main methods of detection, removal and impacts on human health
Authors: Rodrigues Eduardo Henrique Costa , De-Carli Bruno Paes , Vicentin Aline Martins , Pompêo Marcelo Luiz Martins , Carlos Viviane Moschini 
Published: June 2021

Muitos corpos hídricos têm sido degradados devido à interferência humana. A poluição causada pelas atividades antrópicas vem comprometendo a qualidade da água e promovendo eventos de eutrofização, afetando toda estrutura trófica do ambiente, podendo assim acarretar na proliferação de cianobactérias tóxicas. Nesse sentido, o conhecimento sobre esses organismos é de grande importância, principalmente em corpos hídricos com usos múltiplos. Esta pesquisa representa uma revisão de trabalhos publicados envolvendo qualidade ambiental e ecolotoxicologia aquática, tendo como foco estudos relacionados às cianobactérias e cianotoxinas. Para o trabalho foram analisados livros textos e artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2020 em periódicos nacionais e internacionais. Na literatura publicada nos últimos anos são apresentadas as principais metodologias envolvidas na detecção e remoção de cianotoxinas, além de bioensaios ecotoxicológicos. Fica evidente a importância do tratamento de efluentes e controle das fontes de poluição difusas e pontuais no ecossistema promovendo a melhoria da qualidade da água e controle de cianobactérias.ABSTRACTCyanobacteria play an important role among producers in aquatic ecosystems, however when associated with eutrophication they become an ecological and public health problem. The problem involving cyanobacteria is the blooming of potentially toxic strains. The present work aims to present and discuss the problems related to the proliferation of cyanobacteria in limnological environments, and its consequences for dynamics in the environment and effects on environmental health. In this sense, knowledge about these organisms is of great importance, especially in water bodies with multiple uses. This research represents a review of published works involving environmental quality and aquatic ecotoxicology, focusing on studies related to cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins. For the present work, textbooks and articles published between 2010 and 2020 in national and internationaljournals were analyzed. In the literature published in recent years, the main methodologies involved in the detection and removal of cyanotoxins are presented, in addition to ecotoxicological bioassays. The study of cyanobacteria and their metabolites comprises an area of interest that reaches a greater dimension when impacts on the quality of water supply are evident, thus the importance of treating effluents and controlling pollution sources in the ecosystem is evident, promoting improvement and maintenance the quality of the water bodies.
Constraints on the Organic Matter Accumulation of Lower Cambrian Niutitang
Shales in the Middle Yangtze Region, South China
Authors: Niu Xing , Liu Yini , Yan Detian , Hu Mingyi , Liu Zixuan , Wei Xiaosong , Zuo Mingtao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The lower Cambrian Niutitang shales, as one of target intervals with the greatest potential for shale gas exploration and development, have attracted much attention. Nevertheless, the organic matter enrichment mechanisms of the lower Cambrian Niutitang shales need further study, especially in the hydrothermal active zone. In this study, samples from ND1 well in western Hubei Province, middle Yangtze region, South China, were investigated for the controlling factors of organic matter accumulation of Lower Cambrian Niutitang shales by detailed petrographic, mineralogic, and geochemical proxies. The results show that hydrothermal activity and sea level fluctuation controlled the redox conditions and paleoproductivity of seawater and ultimately controlled the organic matter accumulation of Niutitang formation. In the Niu-1 member, the intense hydrothermal events lead to a suboxic to anoxic environment, which is conducive to the organic matter preservation. However, low sea level strengthens the restriction of water mass and reduced nutrient upwelling into the shelf, leading to decreased marine primary productivity, which was ultimately responsible for depleted organic matter accumulation in the Niu-1 member. In the Niu-2 member, the anoxic-euxinic environment and high paleoproductivity, driven by continuous hydrothermal activity and rising sea level, were the main factors controlling the enrichment of organic matter. In the Niu-3 member, the dysoxic to oxic condition plus low primary productivity, caused by the disappearance of hydrothermal activities and sea-level fall, resulted in the unfavorable organic matter accumulation. The results of this paper enrich the model of organic matter enrichment in the lower Cambrian black shale in the middle Yangtze region.
A novel approach of localization with Single Mobile Anchor using Salp Swarm Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Rani Shalli , Kaur Pardeep , ravi vinayakumar , Srivast Gautam , M. Abu-Mahfouz A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have fabulous attributes to collect data by sensing the surrounding environment. WSNs have a large number of applications that are facing challenges of routing, security, deployment, prolonged lifetime, data computation, and localization. To achieve the high-level performance of WSNs, many researchers have proposed various computational Intelligence (CI) based algorithms for the above-mentioned challenges. The procedure to determine the location of the target node is called node localization. It is easy to determine the coordinates of static nodes accurately but challenging task for the mobile nodes. Localization accuracy directly affects the WSN’s performance. In this paper, a range-based and distributed method are proposed by using the application of the Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA), and the simulation results are compared with existing approaches such as Particle swarm Optimization (PSO) and H-best Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO). In this paper, a single mobile anchor node as a reference node traversing the entire network in the Hilbert path and localize the mobile target nodes that are randomly deployed in the networking area. The primary goal behind selecting the Hilbert trajectory is to reduce the issue of LoS. The simulation results show that the proposed method has low localization error and an approximate double number of localized nodes with less computing time as compared to existing methods.
Long-Term Cognitive Deficits After Traumatic Brain Injury Associated With Microglia Activation
Authors: Saba Esber , Karout Mona , Nasralla Leila , Kobeissy Firas , Darwish Hala , Khoury Samia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the most prevalent of all head injuries, and based on the severity of the injury, it may result in chronic neurologic and cognitive deficits. Microglia play an essential role in homeostasis and diseases of the central nervous system. We hypothesize that microglia may play a beneficial or detrimental role in TBI depending on their state of activation and duration.In the present study, we evaluated whether TBI results in a spatiotemporal change in microglia phenotype and whether it affects sensory-motor or learning and memory functions in male C57BL/6 mice. We used a panel of neurological and behavioral tests and a multi-color flow cytometry-based data analysis followed by unsupervised clustering to evaluate isolated microglia from injured brain tissue. We characterized several microglial phenotypes and their association with cognitive deficits. TBI results in a spatiotemporal increase in highly activated microglia that correlated negatively with spatial learning and memory at 35 days post-injury. These observations could define therapeutic windows and accelerate translational research to improve patient outcomes.
Spectral characterization of dissolved organic matter along trophic gradients: Potential indicators of eutrophication of plateau lakes in Southwest China
Authors: Guan Yuying , Han Ruiming , Jia Nannan , Huo Da , Yu Gongliang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) acts as a chemical intermediary between terrestrial and lacustrine ecosystems and significantly affects the structure and function of lakes. The optical characteristics of DOM have been widely used to estimate the water quality. However, little is known about its absorption and fluorescence under different trophic states. Especially, comparative research is needed among gradient eutrophic level of plateau lakes when considering their special characteristics. A total of 119 water samples were collected in the Erhai watershed from November 2018 to July 2019 to investigate the optical properties of DOM depending on the trophic state using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis of the excitation–emission matrix. The water quality conditions in the Erhai watershed were classified using the trophic state index (TSI; 31 < TSI < 67). The DOM is largely autochthonous and includes tyrosine-like protein (C1), tryptophan-like protein (C2), and humic-like compounds (C3). Except for an apparent trend of decreasing slope ratio (SR) (p < 0.01), both absorption coefficient at 254 nm and fluorescence intensity increase with the rising trophic state (p < 0.01). In this study, new models (R2aCDOM(254) = 0.762; R2 Fn(355) = 0.705, p < 0.01) basing on significant correlations between the TSI and aCDOM(254) and Fn(355) were established to predict the trophic state. The results of this study demonstrate that the effects of nutrients and environmental factors (pH and water temperature) on DOM vary depending on the trophic state and that the pH plays the main role in DOM production. Our analyses highlight the importance of DOM in aquatic ecosystems and the correlation between TSI and the optical properties of DOM. Our research unmasks the strong linkage between optical parameters of DOM and freshwater quality by applying neural network prediction.
A Dead Case Report From Brain Abscess Caused by Nocardia Farcinica
Authors: Song Jiangqin , Dong Lian , Ding Yan , Zhou Junyang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Brain abscess due to the Nocardia genus is rarely reported and it is usually found in immunocompromised patients. Treatment of Nocardia brain abscess is troublesome and requires consideration of the severity of the underlying systemic disease. The difficulties in identifying the bacterium and the frequent delay in initiating adequate therapy often influence the prognosis of patients.Case presentation: Here, we report a rare case of brain abscess caused by Nocardia farcinica. The patient’s medical history was complicated, he was hospitalized for several times, but no pathogens were found. At last, bacterial was found in culture of brain abscess puncture fluid, the colony was identified as Nocardia farcinica by mass spectrometry. Targeted antibiotic treatment was implemented, brain abscess tended to alleviate, but the patient eventually developed fungal pneumonia and died of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Conclusion: brain abscess caused by Nocardia farcinica can be appear in non-immunocompromised individuals. Early diagnosis, reasonable surgical intervention, and targeted antibiotic treatment are critical for Nocardia brain abscess treatment. In the treatment of Nocardia brain abscess, we should pay attention to the changes of patients' immunity and avoid infection with other pathogens, especially fungi.
Comparing Current and Emerging Practice Models For the Extrapolation of Survival Data: A Simulation Study and Case-Study
Authors: Kearns Benjamin , Stevenson Matt D. , Triantafyllopoulos Kostas , Manca Andrea 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEstimates of future survival can be a key evidence source when deciding if a medical treatment should be funded. Current practice is to use standard parametric models for generating extrapolations. Several emerging, more flexible, survival models are available which can provide improved within-sample fit. This study aimed to assess if these emerging practice models also provided improved extrapolations.MethodsBoth a simulation study and a case-study were used to assess the goodness of fit of five classes of survival model. These were: current practice models, Royston Parmar models (RPMs), Fractional polynomials (FPs), Generalised additive models (GAMs), and Dynamic survival models (DSMs). The simulation study used a mixture-Weibull model as the data-generating mechanism with varying lengths of follow-up and sample sizes. The case-study was long-term follow-up of a prostate cancer trial. For both studies, models were fit to an early data-cut of the data, and extrapolations compared to the known long-term follow-up.ResultsThe emerging practice models provided better within-sample fit than current practice models. For data-rich simulation scenarios (large sample sizes or long follow-up), the GAMs and DSMs provided improved extrapolations compared with current practice. Extrapolations from FPs were always very poor whilst those from RPMs were similar to current practice. With short follow-up all the models struggled to provide useful extrapolations. In the case-study all the models provided very similar estimates, but extrapolations were all poor as no model was able to capture a turning-point during the extrapolated period. ConclusionsGood within-sample fit does not guarantee good extrapolation performance. Both GAMs and DSMs may be considered as candidate extrapolation models in addition to current practice. Further research into when these flexible models are most useful, and the role of external evidence to improve extrapolations is required.
Surgical Masks Impair People's Ability To Accurately Classify Emotional Expressions, Except For Anger
Authors: Proverbio Alice Mado , Cerri Alice 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Recently, the need to continuously wear surgical masks in everyday life has drawn the attention of neuroscientists and psychologists to the negative effects of face covering on social processing. A very recent but not very homogeneous literature has highlighted large costs in the ability to recognize emotions.
Methods

Here it was investigated how surgical masks covering impaired the recognition of facial mimicry in a large group of 220 undergraduate Italian students. Sex differences in emotion recognition were also observed in 2 subgroups of 94 age-matched participants. Subjects were presented with 112 pictures displaying the faces of 8 actors (4 women and 4 men) wearing or not wearing real facemasks, and expressing 7 emotional states (neutrality, surprise, happiness, sadness, disgust, anger and fear). The task consisted in categorizing the emotion while indicating the recognizability degree with a 3-point Likert scale. Scores underwent repeated measures ANOVAs.
Results

Overall, face masking reduced emotion recognition by 31%. All emotions were affected by mask covering except for anger. Face covering was most detrimental for sadness and disgust, both relying on mouth and nose inspection. Women showed a better performance for subtle expressions such as surprise and sadness, both in masked and natural conditions, and men for fear recognition (in natural but especially masked conditions).
Conclusions

Anger display was unaffected by masking, since corrugated forehead and frowning eyebrows were clearly exposed. Unlike digitally created masks, real masks were able to show inhalation-related sucking associated with startle reaction (in surprise, and especially fear expressions), thus providing further cues for emotion recognition.