bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 associated central nervous system manifestations, mental and neurological symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Soltani Saber , Tabibzadeh Alireza , Zakeri Armin , Zakeri Amir Mohammad , Latifi Tayebeh , Shabani Mahdi , Pouremamali Amir , Erfani Yousef , Pakzad Iraj , Malekifar Pooneh , Valizadeh Reza , Zandi Milad , Pakzad Reza 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The ongoing pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected more than 27 million confirmed cases and 8,90,000 deaths all around the world. Verity of viral infections can infect the nervous system; these viral infections can present a wide range of manifestation. The aim of the current study was to systematically review the COVID-19 associated central nervous system manifestations, mental and neurological symptoms. For that we conducted a comprehensive systematic literature review of four online databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Embase. All relevant articles that reported psychiatric/psychological symptoms or disorders in COVID-19 without considering time and language restrictions were assessed. All the study procedures were performed based on the PRISMA criteria. Due to the screening, 14 studies were included. The current study result indicated that, the pooled prevalence of CNS or mental associated disorders with 95% CI was 50.68% (6.68–93.88). The most prevalence symptoms were hyposmia/anosmia/olfactory dysfunction (number of study: 10) with 36.20% (14.99–60.51). Only one study reported numbness/paresthesia and dysphonia. Pooled prevalence of numbness/paresthesia and dysphonia was 5.83% (2.17–12.25) and 2.39% (10.75–14.22). The pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety was 3.52% (2.62–4.54) and 13.92% (9.44–19.08). Our findings demonstrate that COVID-19 has a certain relation with neurological symptoms. The hypsomia, anosmia or olfactory dysfunction was most frequent symptom. Other symptoms were headache or dizziness, dysgeusia or ageusia, dysphonia and fatigue. Depression, anxiety, and confusion were less frequent symptoms.
Stability and prevalence of McKean–Vlasov stochastic differential equations with non-Lipschitz coefficients
Authors: Mezerdi Mohamed Amine , Khelfallah Nabil 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We consider various approximation properties for systems driven by a
McKean–Vlasov stochastic differential equations (MVSDEs) with continuous
coefficients, for which pathwise uniqueness holds. We prove that the solution
of such equations is stable with respect to small perturbation of initial
conditions, parameters and driving processes. Moreover, the unique strong
solutions may be constructed by an effective approximation procedure. Finally,
we show that the set of bounded uniformly continuous coefficients for which
the corresponding MVSDE have a unique strong solution is a set of second
category in the sense of Baire.
Energy harvesters for rotating systems: Modeling and performance analysis
Authors: Basheer Faiz , Mehaisi Elmehaisi , Elsergany Ahmed , ElSheikh Ahmed , Ghommem Mehdi , Najar Fehmi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
An exclusive reliance on batteries for miniature sensors has created the need for a self-sustained energy harvester to enable permanent power. This work introduces a pendulum-based energy harvester that is capable of harnessing kinetic energy from rotating structures to generate electric power through electromagnetic transduction. A computational model of the energy harvesting device is developed on Simscape to compute, analyze and compare the power generation capacities of the single, double and Rott’s pendulum systems. Simulation results are validated against their experimental counterparts reported in the literature. Results show an increase in the output voltage in a specific range of rotational speed for all three pendulum harvesters. The double pendulum exhibits the highest power generation potential among the simulated pendulum arrangements. A parametric study revealed that increasing the damping of the harvester decreased its output power, whereas an increase in mass and length of the harvester is observed to increase the output power and shift the optimal power generation subrange.
The clinical significance of glutathione peroxidase 2 in glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Guo Bangming , Liao Wenjuan , Wang Shusheng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the leading cause of death among adult brain cancer patients. Glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2), as a factor in oxidative stress, plays an important role in carcinogenesis. However, its role in GBM has not been well established. The study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of GPX2 with GBM prognosis.

Methods
Data of GBM and healthy individuals were retrospectively collected from oncomine, cancer cell line encyclopedia (CCLE), gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA), UALCAN, and Human Protein Atlas. GPX2 mRNA expression was first assessed across various cancer types in oncomine and cancer cell lines from CCLE. The mRNA expression of GPX2 was compared between normal and GBM tissues using GEPIA (normal = 207; GBM = 163) and UALCAN (normal = 5; GBM = 156). The GPX2 methylation was analyzed using data from UALCAN (normal = 2; GBM = 140). The prognostic value of GPX2 in GBM was explored in GEPIA and UALCAN using Kaplan–Meier method. STRING database was used to construct protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway. Statistical significance was set as <0.05.

Results
The current study revealed no significant differences in GPX2 expression between normal and GBM from GEPIA data (P > 0.05) and UALCAN (P = 0.257). Patients with higher GPX2 intended to have a poorer prognosis (P = 0.0089). The KEGG pathways found that chemokine-signaling pathway were the more preferred.

Conclusions
The findings demonstrated that GPX2 might be a potential diagnosis and prognostic indicator for GBM. Chemokine-signaling pathway may be involved in GPX2 function.
On optional wh-/focus fronting in Igbo: A SYN-SEM-PHON interaction
Authors: Amaechi Mary , Georgi Doreen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper discusses surface optionality in focus fronting in the Benue-Congo language Igbo. A focused XP can occur in-situ or ex-situ. We argue that the optionality does not have its origins in the syntax: in fact, exactly one focused XP has to move to the designated focus position in the left periphery in the syntax. The alternation between in-situ and ex-situ rather arises at PF: either the lowest or the topmost copy of the focus chain is pronounced. The choice is determined by semantic-pragmatic factors, i. e., we see an interaction between PF and LF. This constitutes a challenge for a strict version of the Y-model of grammar.
Analyzing free variation with harmony – A case study of verb-cluster serialization
Authors: Bader Markus 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn German, a verb selected by another verb normally precedes the selecting verb. Modal verbs in the perfect tense provide an exception to this generalization because they require the perfective auxiliary to occur in cluster-initial position according to prescriptive grammars. Bader and Schmid (2009b) have shown, however, that native speakers accept the auxiliary in all positions except the cluster-final one. Experimental results as well as corpus data indicate that verb cluster serialization is a case of free variation. I discuss how this variation can be accounted for, focusing on two mismatches between acceptability and frequency: First, slight acceptability advantages can turn into strong frequency advantages. Second, syntactic variants with basically zero frequency can still vary substantially in acceptability. These mismatches remain unaccounted for if acceptability is related to frequency on the level of whole sentence structures, as in Stochastic OT (Boersma and Hayes2001). However, when the acceptability-frequency relationship is modeled on the level of individual weighted constraints, using harmony as link (see Pater2009, for different harmony based frameworks), the two mismatches follow given appropriate linking assumptions.
Mid-level generalizations of generative linguistics: Experimental robustness, cognitive underpinnings and the interdisciplinarity paradox
Authors: Leivada Evelina 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis work examines the nature of the so-called “mid-level generalizations of generative linguistics” (MLGs). In 2015,Generative Syntax in the 21st Century: The Road Aheadwas organized. One of the consensus points that emerged related to the need for establishing a canon, the absence of which was argued to be a major challenge for the field, raising issues of interdisciplinarity and interaction. Addressing this challenge, one of the outcomes of this conference was a list of MLGs. These refer to results that are well established and uncontroversially accepted. The aim of the present work is to embed some MLGs into a broader perspective. I take the Cinque hierarchies for adverbs and adjectives and the Final-over-Final Constraint as case studies in order to determine their experimental robustness. It is showed that at least some MLGs face problems of inadequacy when tapped into through rigorous testing, because they rule out data that are actually attested. I then discuss the nature of some MLGs and show that in their watered-down versions, they do hold and can be derived from general cognitive/computational biases. This voids the need to cast them as language-specific principles, in line with the Chomskyan urge to approach Universal Grammar from below.
Ordnungspolitische Weichenstellungen für die anstehende Reform der Riester-Rente
Authors: Kleinlein Axel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Riester pensions today face two main problems: First, life insurance industry in Germany faces the problem of inadequate solvency. Therefore, there is a need that we take the Riester pension not as a sole part of the life insurance sector and open it to the whole sector of financial services.
Second, the previous regulation of the Riester pension is causing problems. Particularly the guarantee forces mandatory retirement with a life insurance company and the requirement of capital preservation. Therefore we have to review these two guarantee aspects. It is also important to limit costs and to simplify the funding system.
The concept of the “Basisdepot-Vorsorge” solves these problems while it is based on promoting precisely those who want to save up for their retirement during their active career, no matter what kind of financial service is included in the accumulation or decumulation phase. To include all different financial service providers creates the needed economical competition to ensure better products for the Riester-Rente.
Essential oil chemical composition, antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant effects of Thymus convolutus Klokov in Turkey
Authors: Celen Yuceturk Selma , Aydogan Turkoglu Sumeyye , Kockar Feray , Kucukbay F. Zehra , Azaz A. Dilek 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this study, the chemical composition, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects of Thymus convolutus Klokov oil and its main compound camphor were investigated. The oil was isolated from T. convolutus using hydrodistillation method, analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and 66 compounds were identified. The main component was determined as camphor at 16.6%. The antioxidant properties were identified with the DPPH (2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging method and, 33.39 ± 0.25% DPPH was scavenging in 1000 μg/mL of essential oil. The strong antimicrobial activity was observed against Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MIC values of 125 μg/mL. Aspergillus flavus was more sensitive (28%) against T. convolutus essential oil than other fungi. The cytotoxic effect of oil was analyzed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) method. Camphor was effective on human hepatoma cells (Hep3B) at concentrations of 1 mg/mL, 500, 250, and 125 μg/mL, while essential oil of T. convolutus was found to be effective at concentrations of 250 and 125 μg/mL. A reduction in cell proliferation was observed in colon carcinoma cells (HT-29) treated with 500 μg/mL camphor for 48 h. No statistically significant effect was found in Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) treated with essential oil and camphor.
Folyadékbiopszia-vizsgálatok alkalmazási lehetőségei az onkohematológiában
Authors: Nagy Ákos , Bátai Bence , Kiss Laura , Marx Anita , Pinczés László Imre , Papp Gergő , Kacskovics Imre , Alpár Donát , Bödör Csaba 
Published: January 2021

Absztrakt:
A molekuláris biológiai technikák utóbbi évtizedekben látott fejlődésének
köszönhetően a vérplazmában keringő biomolekuláknak, így például a tumor eredetű
sejtmentes DNS-fragmentumoknak is korábban elképzelhetetlen mélységű vizsgálata
vált elérhetővé. A minimális invazivitással járó folyadékbiopsziás mintavétel
metasztatikus tumorok esetében lehetővé teszi eltérő anatómiai lokalizációval
megjelenő genetikai aberrációk egyidejű feltérképezését, azok nyomon követését,
illetve a klonális evolúció következtében megjelenő további abnormalitások
kimutatását is. Ebből következően számos, szolid tumorokat vizsgáló,
folyadékbiopsziás mintavételt alkalmazó tanulmány jelent meg az utóbbi
évtizedben, néhány entitás vonatkozásában pedig az eljárás már a
rutindiagnosztikában is alkalmazásra került. Onkohematológiában az ebből a
szempontból legintenzívebben kutatott megbetegedések közé a diffúz nagy B-sejtes
limfóma, a Hodgkin-limfóma, illetve a plazmasejtes mielóma tartozik. Saját,
illetve irodalmi adatok alapján a tumor eredetű sejtmentes DNS vizsgálata
hasznos lehet a kezelést megelőző prognózisbecslésben, a célozható molekuláris
eltérések azonosításában, a terápiás hatékonyság és a minimális reziduális
betegség monitorozásában, valamint a terápiarezisztens klónok kimutatásában.
Jelen összefoglaló közleményünkben a folyadékbiopszia-vizsgálatok
onkohematológiai alkalmazásait tekintjük át.
Polikistik over sendromu bulunan kadınlarda glikoz potasyum oranının tanısal değerinin insülin ile karşılaştırılması
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Tuğba , GÖKMEN Oya , DOKUZEYLÜL GÜNGÖR Nur 
Published: January 2021

Amaç: Polikistik over sendromu (PKOS), üreme çağındaki kadınların %12-23'ini etkileyen en yaygın endokrin bozukluktur. Bu çalışmada, PKOS’lu hastalarda serum Glikoz Potasyum (Glu/K+) oranının tanısal değeri olup olmadığı araştırıldı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu araştırma, hasta verileri kullanılarak retrospektif tek merkezli yürütülen bir analiz çalışmasıdır. Çalışma kriterlerine uygun 98 PKOS’lu ile 78 yaş uyumlu kadın kontrol grubu çalışmaya dahil edildi. Serum Glu/K+ oranı, serum açlık Glikozunun serum potasyum düzeylerine bölünmesiyle hesaplandı ve laboratuvar verileri tüm hasta ve kontrol grubu için analiz edildi.
Bulgular: İnsülin ile Glu/K+ oranı arasında korelasyon analizinde anlamlı bağıntı tespit edildi. Glu/K+ oranı için ROC eğri altındaki alan insüline yakın şekilde 0,759 bulundu.. ROC analizine göre PKOS tanısı için İnsülin cut-off değeri 81% duyarlılık ve 75% özgüllük değerinde 9,1 olarak tespit edilirken Glu/K+ oranının cut-off değeri 74% duyarlılık ve 71% özgüllük değerinde 21,4 olarak hesaplandı.
Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız, serum Glu/K+ oranının PKOS için tanısal özelliklere sahip olan insülin ile pozitif ve yakından ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Serum Glu/K+ oranının PCOS için yararlı bir biyobelirteç olarak kullanılabilecek duyarlılık ve özgüllüğe sahip olduğu tespit ettik.
Kronik böbrek hastalarında ferrik karboksimaltoz tedavisinin serum fosfor düzeyine etkisi
Authors: ISIKTAS SAYILAR Emel 
Published: January 2021

Amaç: Çalışmamızda kronik böbrek hastalarında Ferrik karboksimaltoz (FKM) replasmanının başta fosfor olmak üzere mineral metabolizma parametreleri ve anemi profili üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Eylül 2018 ve Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında kronik böbrek hastalığı nedeniyle takip edilen ve demir eksikliği anemisi nedeniyle FKM tedavisi verilmiş 59 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Tüm hastalara FKM tek doz 1000mg olarak verilmiş, tedavi öncesi ve tedavi sonrası 1. ay ve 3. ay laboratuvar tetkikleri değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Tedavi öncesi ortalama serum fosfor düzeyi 3.82±0.65 mg/dL, hemoglobin değeri 11.19±1.55 g/dL ve ferritin düzeyi 25.70 (11.90-54.70) µg/L bulunmuştur. FKM replasmanı sonrası 1. ayda 19 hastada (%32.2) hipofosfatemi gelişmiştir ve serum fosfor düzeyinde başlangıca göre ortalama %17.8 oranında düşüş izlenirken kalsiyum, PTH, 25(OH)D vitamini, kreatinin ve eGFR düzeylerinde anlamlı değişiklik olmamıştır. Hiçbir hastada FKM ilişkili yan etki gözlenmemiştir. Tedavi sonrası 3. ayda 25 hastada (%42.3) hemoglobin değeri ≥1 g/dL artış göstermiştir.
Sonuç: Diyalize girmeyen kronik böbrek hastalarında demir eksikliği anemisi tedavisinde FKM iyi tolere edilen ve hızlı etki gösteren bir parenteral tedavi seçeneğidir. Sıklıkla asemptomatik ve geçici olarak ortaya çıkan hipofosfatemi önemsiz ve tedavi kararını etkilemeyecek bir yan etki olarak kabul edilebilir.
COVID-19 pandemisinin yetişkinlerin diyet davranışları, fiziksel aktivite ve stres düzeyleri üzerine etkisi
Authors: ERDOĞAN YÜCE Gülyeter , MUZ Gamze 
Published: January 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma ile COVID-19 pandemisi kısıtlamalarında Türk toplumundaki yetişkinlerin diyet davranışları, fiziksel aktivite ve stres düzeylerindeki değişimin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte tasarlanan bu çalışma, 9-18 Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’nin farklı illerinde yaşayan 18 yaş ve üzerindeki herkese açık olarak yapılmıştır. Pandemi süreci tedbirleri nedeniyle veriler elektronik anketlerle toplanmıştır. Veri toplama araçlarını dolduran 579 kişi araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında tanıtıcı bilgi formu, diyet davranışı formu, Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi- Kısa Formu ve Algılanan Stres Ölçeğinin dört maddelik formu kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların, %69.7’sinin sevdiği gıdaları daha fazla tükettiği, %70.4’ünün yemeklerden sonra atıştırma sıklığının arttığı, %74.8’inin çay ve kahve, %65.1’inin çikolata ve tatlı gibi şekerli gıda, %68.9’unun un ve unlu mamul ve %67.9’unun meyve tüketiminin arttığı belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların %54.1’inin, kadınların %56.3’ünün, erkeklerin ise %48.1’inin inaktif olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kadınların algılanan stres seviyesinin daha yüksek olduğu ve farkın anlamlı olduğu bulunmuştur .
Sonuç: Kısıtlamalar süresince sevilen gıdaların daha fazla tüketildiği, çalışmaya katılanların yarısına yakının, kadınların ise yarısından fazlasının tüm günü kapalı ortamda geçirdiği ve katılımcıların yarısından fazlasının inaktif olduğu bulunmuştur.
Megakaryoblast ve bazofil hücre tipine sahip Ph (+) KML hücre hatlarının Wnt ve Frizzled ilişkili gen ifadelerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: PEHLİVAN Melek , SERCAN Hakkı Ogün 
Published: January 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada blastik fazda farklı hücre serilerinde tutulum gösteren iki farklı Ph (+) kronik miyeloid lösemi (KML) hücre hattında, Wnt sinyal yolağı ana oyuncuları olan Wnt ve Frizzled genlerinin ifade farklılıklarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Megakaryoblast (MEG-01) ve bazofil (KU812) hücre tipine sahip Ph (+) KML hücre hatları kültüre edildikten sonra, RNA izolasyonları gerçekleştirilmiştir. RNA konsantrasyonları spektrofotometrede belirlendikten sonra, cDNA çevrimi yapılmıştır. PCR ile Wnt ve Frizzled genlerinin ifade düzeyleri analiz edilmiş, iki hücre hattının Wnt ve Frizzled ekspresyon verileri birbirleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Yapılan analizler sonrasında MEG-01 hücrelerinin Fzd1-9 genlerini, KU812’nin ise Fzd3, Fzd4, Fzd5, Fzd6, Fzd7, Fzd9 genlerini ifade ettiği gözlenmiştir. MEG-01 hücreleri Wnt2b ve Wnt3 genlerini eksprese ederken, KU812 hücrelerinin ise sadece Wnt3’ü eksprese ettiği saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: KU812 ve MEG-01 hücre hatlarının, Wnt sinyal genlerinin ifade düzeyleri açısından birbirinden farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. İki KML Ph (+) hücre hattında gözlenen Wnt sinyal genlerinin ifade düzeyleri arasındaki farklara, hücrenin orjini, füzyon bölgeleri ve hücre tipine özgü olabilecek sinyal ileti uyarı ve yolaklarındaki farklılıkların neden olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle model hücre hatları kullanılarak yapılan çalışmalar da birden fazla hücre hattının seçilmesi önerilmektedir.
Exploration of sedentary behaviour among general practitioners: protocol for a mixed methods study
Authors: Mayne Richard S. , Hart Nigel D. , Heron Neil 
Published: January 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Many general practitioners (GPs) are sedentary for most of their working day. Levels of sedentary behaviour may have been exacerbated by increased use of telemedicine in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, as this is traditionally performed while sitting down. Excessive sedentary behaviour is associated with many adverse health outcomes and increased all-cause mortality. This study will gain quantitative data on levels of sedentary behaviour among GPs and general practice specialty trainees (GPSTs), to identify to what extent general practice is a sedentary occupation, as well as qualitative data regarding the barriers and facilitators to reducing sedentary behaviour in the general practice setting.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study follows a sequential, mixed-methods model. The first stage will involve the dissemination of a questionnaire survey, where participants self-estimate their sedentary behaviour on a working day and on a non-working day. The second stage will use thigh-worn accelerometers and a sleep/work log to obtain objective data regarding sedentary behaviour among a purposive subset of participants who responded to the questionnaire. The third stage will involve semi-structured interviews with a purposive subset of accelerometer study participants, analysed with the application of a theoretical framework regarding the acceptability of healthcare interventions.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This paper outlines a protocol for a sequential, mixed-methods study exploring sedentary behaviour among GPs and GPSTs. Findings of this study will shed light on the new ways of working as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which will be relevant to clinicians working in similar primary care settings throughout the world.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Trial Registration:</strong> ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04556695. Date of registration: 21<sup>st</sup> September 2020.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>