bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis on rhizome shrinkage of two expected kencur (Kaempferia galanga) accessions from east java using MgSO4 fertilizer under shading
Authors: Kurniawan R , Dalilah A R , Ridwan M D , Saitama A , Zaini A H , Widaryanto E , Wicaksono K P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.) is one of the plants that mainly can be used as the main ingredient in medicine, food, drinks, and spices with benefits. Environmental conditions are a supporting factor for cultivating kencur. Nutrient needs are important factors for plant cultivation. A good environment is an environment that fulfills macro and micronutrients. It is also an important thing in kencur cultivating plants. We should know in which condition the plant can show the best result so the kencur plant is tested under shade. One of the macro nutrients needed by plants are sulfur (S) and magnesium (Mg). The purpose of this research is to determine if there is an interaction between accessions and Sulfur (MgSO4) at two different shades levels. The design used in this study was a Split Plot Design with the main plot: kencur plant with Blitar and Banyuwangi accessions, sub plots: MgSO4 fertilizer with dose of 0, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1, land under shade. The shrinkage of the rhizomes that occurred with a dose of sulfur fertilizer ranged from 13% to 19% and without a dose of sulfur fertilizer decreased 34% with results showing that the treatment with a dose of 90 kg ha-1 of sulfur fertilizer resulted in lower shrinkage.
The relationship of the morphological characteristics of some varieties of soybean on the attack itensity of the pod borer (Etiella zinckenella Treitschke) in two different cultivation techniques
Authors: Patu B A , Sarjan M , Tarmizi  , Tantawizal  
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Soybean is one of the secondary crops that are often planted by the farmer. One of the most common pests that attack soybeans is the pod borer (Ettiela zinkenella T). One of the ways to control pests is by using varieties that are resistant to pod borer attacks. The research objectives were to examine the relationship between the morphological characteristics of soybean pods and to determine the handling with the lowest attack intensity. The experiment used a split plot design with two factors and three replications. The research material was the seeds of five soybean varieties, namely Detap-1, Dega-1, Anjasmoro, Biosoy, and Dena-1 which were planted in 2 different lands. The highter the trichome pods, the lower the attack intensity with a value of -68.321, if X=0 then Y=64.081 and for the R2 value in the relationship, which is 0.2532. The longer the pod trichomes, the higher the attack intensity with a value of 0.0683, if X=0 then Y=18.208 and for the R2 value in the relationship, which is 0.0007. The thicker the skin of the pod, the lower the attack intensity with a value of -68.321, if X=0 then Y=64.081 and for the R2 value in the relationship, which is 0.2532. The harder the skin texture of the pods, the lower the attack intensity with a value of -0.0308, if X=0 then Y=36.614 and for the R2 value in that relationship, 0.2355. The recommended technology treatment with Anjasmoro variety had the lowest attack intensity compared to other treatments.
Analyses of organic matter and heavy metal composition in formulated macroalgae-based organic fertilizer
Authors: Widyastuti S , Jupri A , Nikmatullah A , Kurniawan N S H , Kirana I A P , Abidin A S , Hernawan A , Sunarpi H , Prasedya E S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The application of inorganic fertilizers has been continuously increasing since last many decades globally. Farmers nowadays heavily rely on the use of inorganic fertilizers to meet the production of their farms and gardens. This becomes a concerning environmentally and also health issue. One solution is to decrease the use of inorganic fertilizers and substitute with organic fertilizers. In our previous work, we have developed macroalgae-based organic fertilizer (MbOF) which show promising results in increasing the growth and yield of various crops and plants. However, the quality of the formulated MbOF has never been accessed. In this study, we analysed the organic matter composition and heavy metal safety profile of the MbOF. Our results show that MbOF contains considerably high organic C (43.05 ± 2.56 %). The cumulative content of total-N (1.91 ± 0.78 %), P2O5 (2.20 ± 0.81 %) and K2O (2.18 ± 0.54 %) were also above 4%. Furthermore, the C/N ratio was sufficient (22.54 ± 5.81 %). In addition, heavy metal analyses also show low content of Pb (5.61 ± 0.71 ppm) and Hg (0.29 ± 0.14 ppm). Based on the results, the formulated MbOF could be employed as substitute or used together with inorganic fertilizer to get maximum benefits regarding yield and growth of crops and plants.
Yogurt As A Functional Drink Development From Various Local Raw Materials Using Eucheuma Spinosum As Natural Stabilizer
Authors: Amaro M , Ariyana M D , Handayani B R , Nazaruddin  , Widyastuti S , Rahayu T I 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAlong with raising public awareness about health and increasing yogurt consumption, it is critical to improve the quality of the yogurt. The innovation of yogurt producing in terms of flavor variety is critical since it can entice consumers to consume yogurt. This innovation is possible through the use of high-nutrient plant components that have not been optimally exploited in the surrounding environment. The purpose of this study was to examine the quality of yogurt produced from a variety of raw materials and stabilized naturally usingEucheuma spinosumseaweed. This study used a completely randomized design with a single factor: the type of raw material utilized in the production of yogurt (corn, sweet potato, pumpkin, banana and pineapple). The parameters analyzed included total lactic acid content, pH, total lactic acid bacteria, bacterial viability, viscosity, and organoleptic qualities such as homogeneity and taste were examined using scoring and hedonic methods. The data were evaluated using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a significance level of 5%, and the significantly different data were further tested using an additional test of an honest significant difference (HSD). Results show that yogurt made from corn was the best treatment, with pH value of 4.28, total lactic acid content was 1.67%; viscosity was 74,67cP, total lactic acid bacteria was 11.02 log CFU/ml, the bacterial viability met the concentration as a probiotic drink with the decreasing number 0.21 log CFU/ml, scoring test homogeneity score was 3,21 (slightly homogenous), taste score was 3.08 (slightly sour) and hedonic score for homogeneity and taste were 3.29 and 3.25 respectively.
Analysis of heat energy in the drying process of Moringa Oleifera leaves using a greenhouse effect dryer (ERK)
Authors: Sukmawaty  , Murad  , Ansar  , Kurniawan H , Fitri Z 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Moringa leaves have a high enough nutrient content so that they are used as a source of natural nutrients. Fresh moringa leaves have a high water content, so they need to be dried to reduce post-harvest loss. This study aims to analyze heat energy in the drying process of moringa leaves using a greenhouse effect type dryer (ERK). The study was an experimental method on drying of moringa leaves using a Greenhouse Effect (ERK) in the field and was analyzed using mass and energy equilibrium approaches. In this study, two different treatments were carried out i.e not crushed and crushed leaves. The result shows that the water content of the uncrushed and crushed leaves were 74.9%wb and 71.4%wb, dried moringa leaf water content was 4.8 %wb and 4.5%wb. Total energy entered by dryers 7415038.8 kJ and 7780575.4 kJ, Total useful energy of 767089.470 kJ and 2171369.143 kJ, total energy discharged through outlet/ventilation and lost through successive walls were is 4148.222 kJ, 5718.912 kJ, 8.924 kJ and 7.194 kJ as well as heat lost from opening consecutive doors of 771246.62 kJ and 2177095.25 kJ. The input masses were 0.75 kg and 1.35 kg, the output mass were 0.180 kg and 0.391 kg, the accumulated mass were 0.570 kg and 0.959 kg. Drying efficiency values were 18.25% and 29.26%.
The effect of fermentation with lactic acid bacteria to chemical and sensory characteristics of Sumbawa’s Buffalo Jerky
Authors: Nairfana I , Afgani C A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Jerky is a traditional food made from sliced or minced meat that were marinated in spices and dried to extend its shelf life. Most of the marketed jerky available in Sumbawa were half-cooked. Theaim of this study was to determine the concentrations of Lactic Acid Bacteria to chemical and sensory characteristics of buffalo jerky. A laboratory experiment was conducted andusing Completely Randomized Design with asingle factor namely LAB concentrations (P1=0%, P2=0.5%, P3=1% and P4-1.5%). Data was analyzed using Co-Stat software at 5% significance level.The results showed that the LAB concentrations gave significant differences on water content, protein, fat, color, flavor and texture of fermented buffalo jerky, but gave non-significant difference on the ash content. The best LAB concentrations were 0.5% that resulted on jerky with protein content of 74.32%, fat content of 6,37%, water content of 12.51%, ash content of 1.14%, also color, flavor and texture that were acceptable to panelists.
The future of Wallace region in Lombok: the pristine natural resource under climatic and anthropogenic threat
Authors: Mahrup  , Ma’shum M , Idris MH , Fahrudin  
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Wallace region is mostly comprised of the southeast archipelagoes of Indonesia, namely West and East Nusa Tenggara. Lombok is a west border of the Wallace line which biologically delineate the distinguished fauna and climate in the eastern Indonesia. However, the pristine natural resource is under climatic and anthropogenic threat. A case study by means of a Descriptive method was conducted to identify any contradictive use of natural resource leading to environmental degradation, as well as to study ruination impact of climate uncertainty. Long term satellite images of Lombok from 1980’s up to the latest date were traced to identify any changes in land cover, land use and settlement. Climate data were analyzed to find its trend and forecast its potential impact on the environment. Overall, the results showed that the pristine environments, namely forests, hillocks and cliffs, particularly in tourism destination sites had been accordingly overburdened by contradictive use of resources. Lack of law enforcements in environmental protection was a key point to be addressed as a major factor resulted in losses of the most valuable value of Lombok natural scene. In addition, manmade disaster is becoming more frequent with climate change commonly accused. In conclusion, the future of the natural resource in Lombok would not be merely relied on world class facilities of tourism industry, but on to what extend effort to naturally sustain the beauty of natural scene, stop degrading the lands and be responsible to protect environment in line with regional development.
Local scale climate change mitigation through mangrove revegetation on the south coast of Lombok island
Authors: Idrus A A , Syukur A , Zohri L H N , Zulhalifah  , Aulia J 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The mangrove vegetation in the coastal environment has a vital role, especially as a regulation for CO2 and O2 gas exchange. Mangrove revegetation has significant relevance for local-scale climate change mitigation. This study aims to assess and describe the success of mangrove revegetation in mitigating climate change at a local scale. Ecological data research methods are through surveys, observations and transect methods. Furthermore, the collection of social data through surveys, interviews, questionnaires, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). Meanwhile, the research data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis, and analysis of the mangrove vegetation structure through frequency, density, cover, and essential value index analyses. The study results found seven types of mangroves, namely Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora apiculata, Avicennia marina, Bruguira gymnoryzha, Lumnitzara racemosa, and Ceriops tagal. Sonneratia alba and Rizoporastylosaare species with the highest importance value of 194.04 where S. alba found Poton Bako and R. Stylosa found in Tanjung Luar. As for social data and knowledge, people in areas with a distance of 0-50 meters from mangrove forest have a better understanding than people living in areas with an average percentage value perspective of 52 %. Then, most respondents agreed that mangroves could prevent abrasion and reduce heat temperatures, with the percentage of respondents responding more than 41 % and 61 %, respectively in all locations. Based on the essential value index and respondents’ perceptions, it can be concluded that the Sonneratia alba and Rizopora Stylosa are species that have the highest ecological function because they have good adaptability in the coastal areas of South Lombok making them suitable as species for revegetation programs in South Lombok, and for the next revegetation program should be involving people who are close to mangrove forests because they are the ones who know and feel the benefits of mangrove forests.
The sustainability of the diversity of marine macrofauna associated with seagrass through ecotourism in The Mandalika Exclusive Economic Zone Lombok Island, Indonesia
Authors: Zulkifli L , Patech L R , Lestari A , Fidiantara F , Idrus A A , Syukur A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ecotourism activities play an essential role in protecting and managing natural habitats and the species found in the habitat and creating economic benefits for the surrounding community. However, some parties state that ecotourism has a negative effect on the environment if it does not correctly follow the area’s rules and the ecotourism activities are not monitored and appropriately assessed. The objective of this study were : (i) to evaluate the diversity of seagrass and associated macrofauna at the Kuta ecotourism site in the Mandalika area of Lombok Island Indonesia and (ii) to know the response of the surrounding community and stakeholders in terms of the role of ecotourism in supporting the sustainability of the seagrass ecosystem in its function as an important factor in maintaining the diversity of marine macrofauna in the area. Data collection methods related to seagrass diversity and associated biota (Bivalves and Echinoderms) were carried out using the line transect method and the quadrat method. Meanwhile, the perception and response data of the community was obtained through observation and interviews. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results showed that there were 8 species of seagrass found. Seagrass species Syringodium isoetifolium and Cymodocea rotundata have the highest density of about 18.48 ind/m2, and Enhalus acoroides has the highest area of coverage, which is around 16.41 ind/m2. The highest macrofauna diversity was fish (10 families with 16 species) followed by Echinoderms (7 families with 9 species), and Bivalves (5 families with 7 species). Respondents in the fishermen category showed their understanding that ecotourism in their area plays an important role in supporting the sustainability of seagrass ecosystems, and this condition affects maintaining the diversity of associated marine macrofauna. This is supported by the findings that there has been a transition in the use of marine biota fishing gear, namely from the use of tools/methods that are not environmentally friendly to the use of tools/methods that are environmentally friendly. The most encouraging thing is that the use of bombs has completely stopped after ecotourism started in their area. Thus, it can be concluded that the existence of ecotourism in the Mandalika has had a positive influence on the behavior of fishing communities, especially in maintaining the seagrass ecosystem which is important in supporting the sustainability of marine macrofauna biodiversity in the Mandalika, South Coast of Lombok, Indonesia.
Optimization of physical characteristics of bioplastics from agricultural waste using response surface methodology (RSM)
Authors: Widhiantari I A , De Side G N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Rapid technological advances are in line with the increasing use of plastics. The problem faced is that plastic waste is not easily degraded by microorganisms in the soil. Bioplastics are made from renewable natural materials so that they have properties that can be broken down by microorganisms. In this study, bioplastics were made from agricultural waste containing starch, namely from jackfruit seed starch plus corncob starch. Optimization using the response surface methodology (RSM) was carried out to see the optimum conditions of the variables and also the response to the physical properties of the resulting bioplastic. The research variables used were ZnO consisting of 3, 6, and 9 percent (%) and the glycerol variable consisted of 2, 5, and 8 mL. From the test results using RSM obtained the optimum conditions of ZnO 7.42% and glycerol 4.96 mL with a residual value of 81.3612%; water resistance 86.1333%; and heat resistance of 96.888°C with a desirability value of 0.725. The combination of the basic ingredients of agricultural waste in the form of jackfruit seeds and corn cobs is able to produce bioplastics with good physical properties.
Identification and Abundance of Macroalgae at Batu Layar Coast, West Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Kirana I A P , Kurniawan N S H , Abidin A S , Nikmatullah A , Sunarwidhi A L , Jupri A , Hernawan A , Widyastuti S , Sunarpi H , Prasedya E S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Batu Layar coastal area provides an optimum environment for the diversity of coastal biota in the form of corals, crustaceans, molluscs, echinoderms and macroalgae. Macroalgae are plantlike marine biota that are large in size. Based on taxonomy, macroalgae are included in the Thallophyta group because their bodies are thallus. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the abundance of macroalgae in Batu Layar Coastal areas to be used as primary data for further research. This research is located at Batu Layar Coast using the Transect method. The number of transects used is 4 transects with the length of each transect is 50 m. On each transect, 5 stations were taken. Samples of each different macroalgae species at each station were taken for the purpose of morphological identification. Macroalgae identification is presented in the form of descriptive analysis and graphs in the presentation of diversity, evenness, and abundance. The results of the identification of macroalgae in research at Batu Layar Coast as a whole found that there were 24 species of macroalgae consisting of 11 species of Chlorophyta, 8 species of Rhodophyta and 5 species of Phaeophyta. Dominant species on the shoreline are Chlorophyta, in the middle of the transect most of algae are the Phaeophyta and dominant species farthest from the shore are Rhodophyta. The conclusion is the most abundant macroalgae species is Gelidium latifolium from Rhodophyta division with number of abundance is 4.58 individuals/m2.
Bioactivity of Neem Seed Oil mixed with Pyroligneous Acid from Rice Husks against Spodoptera litura
Authors: Prianto A H , Budiawan  , Yulizar Y , Simanjuntak P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Biopesticides are environmentally friendly solutions used for pest control management. This is a feature of Neem (Azadirachta indica) seed oil and tar, which provides a synergistic effect on the bioactivity of pyroligneous acid, and both are known to have bioactive compounds. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of neem seed oil and tar on pyroligneous acid from rice husks in conventional emulsion form, and their efficacy on the polyphagous insect Spodoptera litura. Neem seed oil was added at concentrations of 10, 20, 30, and 40%, while the concentration of tar was 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0%. The conventional emulsion formed was then characterized using a digital microscope. The addition of neem seed oil and tar were able to increase the antifeedant activity of pyroligneous acid by 63.6 % while both neem oil and tar by 72.6 %. The 2.0% tar formulation (N4PT2) showed the highest antifeedant activity against S.litura (97.9 %) and had the smallest droplets size ranges (2.90 - 24.16 µm). The addition of tar tends to reduce the droplet size of neem oil and increase antifeedant activity.
The Potential of Central Kalimantan’s Local Orchid as Material Source for Genetic Improvement
Authors: Galingging R Y , Liana T , Nuraini L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Central Kalimantan Province with total area of 15.380.000 ha or about 7.93 % of Indonesian areas consists of coastal regions and forest areas has potential biodiversity such as Orchidaceae. This region has various type of lands involving peat lands, swamplands with acid sulphate soils and up lands. The existence of orchid in Central Kalimantan’s forest can be found scattered in forest areas with high diversity life, form and uses. The methodology used include exploration and collection and they were conducted at six districts, i.e. East Barito, South Barito, North Barito, East Kotawaringin and Murung Raya, starting from March 2016 until December 2018. The objective of this study was as follows: (1). The exploration process, (2). The ex-situ and in-situ conservation, (3). The characterization process, (4). The documentation process. The results of these activities shown that there are several ex situ collection of 8 accessions of medicinal plants that can be used as a source of material for genetic improvement. The orchid plant’s conservation can be conducted through in-situ and or ex-situ. In-situ conservation can be conducted through managing forest areas as the natural habitat of the material for genetic improvement, while for ex-situ conservation, it can be managed outside of the native habitats. Appropriate utilization and research activities are important in conservation of the material for genetic improvement in Central Kalimantan
The potential of jamu to relieve clinical symptoms and reduce the tumor size of patients with Fibro Adenoma Mammae (FAM) at Rumah Riset Jamu (RRJ) Hortus Medicus Tawangmangu : a pilot study
Authors: Zulkarnain Z , Astana PRW , Triyono A , Ardiyanto D , Novianto F , Fitriani U , Nisa U , Saryanto  
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Fibro Adenoma Mammae (FAM) is a benign tumor that sometimes causes clinical symptoms like pain. Not all women who suffer from FAM in Indonesia are willing to undergo surgery and choose to drink jamu. In fact, scientific evidence regarding jamu efficacy is limited. This study aims to determine the effect of jamu consumption on the size and clinical symptoms of FAM patients. A total of 26 women with FAM who came to RRJ Hortus Medicus and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria participated in this study until finish. Subjects were asked to drink boiled water of 8 plants Simplicia with a certain dose every day for 16 weeks. A breast ultrasound to determine tumor size was performed at baseline and day-112. Clinical symptoms were assessed at baseline and every 2 weeks. The result showed that the tumor average size was decreased from 13.89+ 6.47mm to 11.79+5.74mm (paired t-test p<0.001). About 88.46% of the subjects experienced a decrease in tumor size. The pain subsided and disappeared in 69.23% and 30.77% of subjects, respectively. The itching that was complained by one subject subsided since week 6. The administration of jamu for 16 weeks has the potential to reduce tumor size and clinical symptoms.