bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Land and water conservation technologies for building carbon positive villages in India
Authors: Srinivasarao Cherukumalli , Jasti Venkata Naga Satya Prasad , Kondru Venkateswara Rao , Bathineni Vibhajam Sagal Kiran , Mudigiri Ranjith , Venati Girija Veni , Priyadarshini Priya , Abhilash Purushothaman Chirakkuzhyil , Chaudhari Suresh Kumar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractContinuous and unabated land degradation in India is a threat to agricultural sustainability while increasing temperatures, changing rainfall patterns and precipitation intensification are going to further aggravate degradation in future. The timely adoption of integrated land and water conservation technologies minimises erosion and provides significant adaptation and mitigation co‐benefits. The objectives of this study were to assess the mitigation potential of soil and water conservation technologies and also the feasibility of making villages carbon positive. The extent of minimisation of soil loss due to soil conservation technologies ranges from 0.10 to 21.65 Mg ha−1 yr−1, while carbon emissions minimised range from 0.73 to 158.77 kg ha−1 yr−1. Emission minimisation from various water management technologies in rice ranges from 73.0 to 507.9 kg CO2equivalents ha−1 yr−1. Agroforestry practices can sequester 8.64 to 52.77 Mg CO2ha−1 yr−1besides enhancing system productivity, arresting soil erosion and carbon loss through erosion. Integration of multiple technologies in a farming system further enhances the adaptation and mitigation benefits. Adoption of conservation technologies resulted in a net carbon balance of 0.05–1.23 CO2Mg ha−1 yr−1in 9 villages in India, indicating net positive carbon balance due to reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration. Building carbon positive villages is a potential approach for preventing land degradation, while enhancing productivity, mitigating climate change and realising the sustainable development goals. Building capacities of communities and establishing institutions in villages are essential for upscaling and maintaining of soil and water conservation structures and community assets in the village. Furthermore, prioritisation and scaling of location specific land and water conservation technologies hold the key to establish carbon‐positive villages.
Head and neck cancer survivorship consensus statement from the American Head and Neck Society
Authors: Goyal Neerav , Day Andrew , Epstein Joel , Goodman Joseph , Graboyes Evan , Jalisi Scharukh , Kiess Ana P. , Ku Jamie A. , Miller Matthew C. , Panwar Aru , Patel Vijay A. , Sacco Assuntina , Sandulache Vlad , Williams Amy M. , Deschler Daniel , Farwell D. Gregory , Nathan Cherie‐Ann , Fakhry Carole , Agrawal Nishant 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo provide a consensus statement describing best practices and evidence regarding head and neck cancer survivorship.MethodsKey topics regarding head and neck cancer survivorship were identified by the multidisciplinary membership of the American Head and Neck Society Survivorship, Supportive Care & Rehabilitation Service. Guidelines were generated by combining expert opinion and a review of the literature and categorized by level of evidence.ResultsSeveral areas regarding survivorship including dysphonia, dysphagia, fatigue, chronic pain, intimacy, the ability to return to work, financial toxicity, lymphedema, psycho‐oncology, physical activity, and substance abuse were identified and discussed. Additionally, the group identified and described the role of key clinicians in survivorship including surgical, medical and radiation oncologists; dentists; primary care physicians; psychotherapists; as well as physical, occupational, speech, and respiratory therapists.ConclusionHead and neck cancer survivorship is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach centered around patients and their caregivers. As survival related to head and neck cancer treatment improves, addressing post‐treatment concerns appropriately is critically important to our patient's quality of life. There continues to be a need to define effective and efficient programs that can coordinate this multidisciplinary effort toward survivorship.
Study on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of Mg–(4 − x)Gd–xY–2Zn (x = 0, 2, 4 wt%) alloy
Authors: Wang Yunhao , Liu Zili , Liu Xiqin , Xie Huanjian , Shi Yong , Liu Fang , Li Jian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe relationship between the corrosion behavior of Mg–Gd–Y–Zn alloy and the content of rare earth elements was investigated. The results show that the Mg–4Gd–2Zn (VZ42) contains only α‐Mg matrix and W phase, while there are α‐Mg matrix, W phase and X phase in Mg–2Gd–2Y–2Zn (VWZ) and Mg–4Y–2Zn (WZ42). The corrosion rates measured by weight loss of VZ42, VWZ, and WZ42 are 8.17, 4.49, and 6.05 mm/year, respectively. Through the observation of microstructure, it is found that the corrosion first occurs around the W phase, which means that the micro galvanic effect caused by the W phase is more serious than that of the X phase. The more W phase, the greater the corrosion rate of the alloy. But continuously distributed layered X phase will form a barrier and protect α‐Mg from corrosion. It is found that different distribution of the second phase will also lead to different corrosion resistance.
RAFT Polymerization of a Renewable Ricinoleic Acid‐Derived Monomer and Subsequent Post‐Polymerization Modification via the Biginelli‐3‐Component Reaction
Authors: Windbiel Julian T. , Meier Michael A. R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe search for renewable monomers for radical polymerization techniques is of current interest due to the awareness of sustainability requirements in the chemical sciences. Herein, the synthesis and reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer (RAFT) polymerization of a renewable methacrylate monomer based on ricinoleic acid as sustainable starting material is presented. In addition, the hydroxy moiety of the ricinoleic acid is converted to an acetoacetate in order to allow for a post‐polymerization modification (PPM) using the Biginelli‐three‐component reaction (B‐3CR), rendering the presented monomer a renewable and highly flexible reactant for the synthesis of polymer materials. Consequently, RAFT polymerization yields macromolecules with a molecular weight of up to 15 000 g mol−1 and expectedly narrow molecular weight distributions with Ðs around 1.13. The feasibility of chain extension and block copolymer synthesis is demonstrated. Eventually, the PPM of the acetoacetate moiety of the polymer repeating units using the B‐3CR is proven to be efficient with conversions of up to 95% of the acetoacetates, while the modification allows for a pronounced increase of the glass transition temperature to approximately room temperature compared to the unmodified polymers (Tg = −50 °C).
Projections and unconditional bases in direct sums of ℓp spaces, 0<p≤∞
Authors: Albiac Fernando , Ansorena José Luis 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe show that every unconditional basis in a finite direct sum , with , splits into unconditional bases of each summand. This settles a 40 years old question raised in “A. Ortyński, Unconditional bases in , , Math. Nachr. 103 (1981), 109–116”. As an application we obtain that for any finite, the spaces , , and have a unique unconditional basis up to permutation.
Asymmetric Hybrid Siloxane Side Chains for Enhanced Mobility and Mechanical Properties of Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Based Polymers
Authors: Yuan Ye , Zhao Fengsheng , Ding Yafei , Zhang Guobing , Wang Xiaohong , Qiu Longzhen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHigh performance organic field effect transistor devices based on intrinsically scalable materials are of great significance in wearable electronics. In this work, an exclusive approach is reported to rationale the carrier mobility and stretchability of the conjugate polymers (CPs) by modifying the symmetry of the side chains species. Semiconductor CPs with symmetrical alkyl side chains (P(C‐C)), symmetrical siloxane side chains (P(Si‐Si)), and asymmetrical silicon‐carbon side chains (P(C‐Si)) are synthesized to investigate the influence of these side chains on the carrier mobility and mechanical behavior. The result shows that silicon‐carbon asymmetric side chains can modulate the aggregation degree of polymer chains with a coherence length of 134 Å and maintain the mobility at 0.90 cm2 V−1 s−1. P(C‐Si) exhibits superior tensile properties that even elongation up to 100% the value of mobility retains a majority properties. The main reason is that the lowest coherence length of P(C‐Si) polymer leads to an increased proportion of amorphous zones in its polymer film, which efficiently dissipates mechanical stresses. This study provides an efficient strategy for the design and synthesis of the CPs with high carrier transport properties‐mechanical stability.
Wideband quasi‐Yagi antenna with stable radiation patterns for base‐station applications
Authors: Wu Duo‐Long , Yang Kang Yu , Zhu Wen Jian , Li Jian‐Feng , Ye Liang Hua 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA novel wideband quasi‐Yagi antenna with a dipole driver, an octagon‐shaped director, and a box‐shaped reflector is proposed in this letter. The dipole driver is excited by a wideband balun with a stepped microstrip for good impedance matching. In addition, the proposed octagon‐shaped director not only realizes good impedance matching but also stabilizes the radiation pattern. To further stabilize the radiation pattern, the reflector of the antenna is designed in a box shape. As a result, the proposed antenna achieves a wide bandwidth of 81.7% for |S11| ≤ −15 dB from 1.65 to 3.93 GHz. Additionally, the proposed antenna obtains a stable half‐power beamwidth of 62 ± 5° in the horizontal plane and a high gain of 8.3 ± 1 dBi from 1.7 to 3.6 GHz.
Stable Isotopes and Movement of Walleye Change Following Ecological Shifts Driven by Dreissenid Mussels
Authors: Whitinger John A. , Zorn Troy G. , Gerig Brandon S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Great Lakes support some of the most productive fisheries for Walleye Sander vitreus in North America, although system-level change from overexploitation, pollution, and invasive species has dramatically changed these fisheries over time. More recently, the widespread establishment of dreissenid mussels (zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha and quagga mussel D. bugensis) has strongly altered energy flow by sequestering nutrients in nearshore benthic habitats, thereby influencing primary, secondary, and prey fish production with implications for Walleye. While the impacts of dreissenids on the open-water food web are well established, little is known about their influence on fish populations occupying nearshore or embayment habitats. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that ecosystem changes resulting from dreissenid mussels have altered the stable isotope ratios and displacement of Walleye in Little Bay de Noc, an embayment of Lake Michigan. Retrospective isotope analysis of fin spines over a 31-year time series coincident with the invasion of dreissenid mussels suggests that alterations in energy dynamics have increased Walleye reliance on nearshore benthic energy. From reports of jaw-tagged Walleye caught over the same time period, we found significant temporal changes in Walleye displacement distances from the tagging site that were strongly size dependent following the invasion of dreissenid mussels. These results potentially suggest that the spatial distribution of large Walleye shifted in response to prey availability or habitat conditions. Additionally, sex-specific differences in Walleye displacement indicate that females move greater distances than males, possibly driven by higher energetic and reproductive demands. Our findings suggest that the largest Walleye are seasonally leaving Little Bay de Noc, potentially altering the dynamics of the sport fishery in Green Bay and impacting management programs that occur across state lines.
The relationship between caregiver burden and self‐care agency of pregnant women with 0–6‐year‐old children
Authors: Ergün Sibel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThis study aims to determine the relationship between the burden of care and self‐care abilities of pregnant women with 0–6‐year‐old children and the factors affecting them.DesignA cross‐sectional questionnaire survey.MethodsThis study consisted of 348 pregnant women over the age of 18, with children between the ages of 0–6.ResultsThe study determined that the self‐care ability mean scores of mothers who have two or more children between the ages of 0–6 were low and the caregiver burden mean scores were high. The researcher found a negative correlation between the self‐care ability scale scores and caregiver burden scale scores of pregnant women included in the study. These results are statistically significant and valuable in terms of revealing information about the caregiver burden and self‐care ability of pregnant women with 0–6‐year‐old children.
Continuous‐time receding‐horizon reinforcement learning and its application to path‐tracking control of autonomous ground vehicles
Authors: Lu Yang , Li Wenzhang , Zhang Xinglong , Xu Xin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractReinforcement learning (RL) and approximate dynamic programming (ADP) have been recently studied to solve nonlinear optimal control problems (OCPs) of continuous‐time (CT) systems. However, online learning efficiency and reliability are two major concerns to be further improved. Motivated by the above issues, in this paper we propose a receding‐horizon reinforcement learning (RHRL) algorithm for near‐optimal control of CT systems under control constraints. Different from classic RL and ADP, in the proposed approach, the infinite‐horizon OCP is decomposed as a series of finite‐horizon ones solved with an actor‐critic structure according to the receding horizon strategy, which can improve the online learning efficiency and reliability. The unknown dynamics of the system are identified offline using a sparse kernel‐based neural network structure whose weights are also updated online in the RHRL framework to improve the control performance. Moreover, the convergence of the modeling error is proven. To verify the effectiveness of our approach, we apply the RHRL algorithm to the autonomous ground vehicle for realizing near‐optimal path‐tracking control. Compared with CT model predictive control using a nominal model and other model‐free tracking controllers such as pure pursuit, heuristic dual programming, and the soft actor‐critic algorithm, RHRL performs better in terms of control performance.
Stochastic maximum principle for partially observed risk‐sensitive optimal control problems of mean‐field forward‐backward stochastic differential equations
Authors: Ma Heping , Wang Weifeng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper deals with a partially observed risk‐sensitive optimal control problem described by mean‐field forward‐backward stochastic differential equations and the cost functional is a mean‐field exponential of integral type. By using Girsanov's theorem as well as classical convex variational techniques, we obtain two risk‐sensitive maximum principles, which are characterized in terms of the variational inequalities. Moreover, under certain concavity assumption, we give the sufficient condition for the optimality. Through the application of results, we consider the linear‐quadratic risk‐sensitive optimal control problem under partially observed information and fully observed information, respectively.
Dynamic properties of composite panel sandwiched by a perforated fiber reinforced damping film
Authors: Yuan Lihua , Liang Sen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractComposite panel sandwiched by a perforated fiber reinforced damping film (CPSPFRDF) is a novel damping treatment structure. Compared with conventional damping sandwich composites, CPSPFRDF has higher stiffness under the large damping. A ring deformation model is proposed to characterize the misalignment of fibers. A multi‐scale mathematical model is established by means of the analytical method of cell structure. The equivalent elastic parameters of the perforated fiber reinforced damping film are obtained. The complex stiffness method is applied to build the dynamic model of the structure. The validity of the theoretical model is verified by experiments. The relationships of design parameters with the dynamic properties of CPSPFRDF are revealed further. This study will provide a reference for the design and manufacture of the composites with large damping and high stiffness.
Unveiling gene expression regulation of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry3Aa toxin receptor ADAM10 by the potato dietary miR171c in Colorado potato beetle
Authors: Robles‐Fort Aida , Pescador‐Dionisio Sara , García‐Robles Inmaculada , Sentandreu Vicente , Martínez‐Ramírez Amparo C. , Real M. Dolores , Rausell Carolina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe Colorado potato beetle (CPB) is a worldwide devastating pest of potato plants and other Solanaceae characterized by its remarkable ability to evolve resistance to insecticides. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry3Aa toxin represents an environmentally safe alternative for CPB control but larvae susceptibility to this toxin has been reported to vary depending on the host plant on which larvae feed. To gain more insight into how nutrition mediates Bt tolerance through effects on gene expression, here we explored the post‐transcriptional regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) of the CPB‐ADAM10 gene encoding the Cry3Aa toxin functional receptor ADAM10.RESULTSThe lower CPB‐ADAM10 gene expression in CPB larvae fed on potato plants cv. Vivaldi than those fed on potato cv. Monalisa or tomato plants was inversely related to Cry3Aa toxicity. By high‐throughput sequencing we identified seven CPB miRNAs and one potato miRNA predicted to base pair with the CPB‐ADAM10 messenger RNA. No differential expression of the endogenous lde‐miR1175‐5p was found in larvae feeding on any of the two potato plant varieties. However, statistically significant increased amounts of potato stu‐miR171c‐5p were detected in CPB larvae fed on potato cv. Vivaldi compared to larvae fed on potato cv. Monalisa.CONCLUSIONOur results support a role for dietary miRNAs in Bt toxicity by regulating the CPB‐ADAM10 gene encoding the Cry3Aa toxin receptor ADAM10 in CPB larvae and opening up the possibility of exploiting plant natural variation in miRNAs to provide more sustainable potato crop protection against CPB. © 2021 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
17O‐excess and d‐excess of atmospheric water vapor measured by cavity ring‐down spectrometry: Evidence of a matrix effect and implication for the calibration procedure
Authors: Voigt Claudia , Vallet‐Coulomb Christine , Piel Clément , Alexandre Anne 
Published: November 2021

RationaleProducing robust high‐frequency time series of raw atmospheric water vapor isotope data using laser spectrometry requires accurate calibration. In particular, the chemical composition of the analyzed sample gas can cause isotope bias. This study assesses the matrix effect on calibrated δ17O, δ18O, δ2H, 17O‐excess, and d‐excess values of atmospheric water vapor.MethodsA Picarro L2140‐i cavity ring‐down spectrometer with an autosampler and a vaporizer is used to analyze δ17O, δ18O, δ2H, 17O‐excess, and d‐excess of two water standards. Isotope data obtained using synthetic air and dry ambient air as carrier gas at water mixing ratios ranging from 2000 to 30 000 ppmv are compared. Based on the results, atmospheric water vapor measurements are calibrated. The expected precision is estimated by Monte Carlo simulation.ResultsThe dry air source strongly impacts raw isotope values of the two water standards but has no effect on the mixing ratio dependency functions. When synthetic air is used, δ17O, δ18O, and 17O‐excess of calibrated atmospheric water vapor are overestimated by 0.6‰, 0.7‰, and 217 per meg, respectively, whereas δ2H and d‐excess are underestimated by 1.5‰ and 7.3‰. Optimum precisions for the calibrated δ17O, δ18O, δ2H, 17O‐excess, and d‐excess values and 12 min integration time are 0.02‰, 0.03‰, 0.4‰, 14 per meg, and 0.4‰, respectively.ConclusionsRegarding the obtained results, recommendations for the calibration of atmospheric water vapor isotope measurements are presented. The necessity to use dry ambient air as dry air source when running the standards for calibration is pointed out as a prerequisite for accurate atmospheric water vapor 17O‐excess and d‐excess measurements.
Single‐Atom Gold Isolated Onto Nanoporous MoSe2 for Boosting Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction
Authors: Chen Dechao , Luo Min , Ning Shoucong , Lan Jiao , Peng Wei , Lu Ying‐Rui , Chan Ting‐Shan , Tan Yongwen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) provides a promising strategy to convert the abundant but inert N2 into NH3 using renewable energy. Herein, single‐atom Au isolated onto bicontinous nanoporous MoSe2 (np‐MoSe2) is designed as an electrocatalyst for achieving highly efficient NRR catalysis, which exhibits a high Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 37.82% and an NH3 production rate of 30.83 µg h−1 mg−1 at –0.3 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) in 0.1 m Na2SO4 under ambient conditions. Experimental and theoretical investigations reveal that the introduction of single Au atoms onto np‐MoSe2 optimizes the adsorption of NRR intermediates while suppressing the competing HER, thus providing an energetic‐favorable process for enhancing the catalytic selectivity toward electrochemical N2 reduction into NH3.
Triphenylamine‐Based Conjugated Polyelectrolyte as a Hole Transport Layer for Efficient and Scalable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Harit Amit Kumar , Jung Eui Dae , Ha Jung Min , Park Jong Hyun , Tripathi Ayushi , Noh Young Wook , Song Myoung Hoon , Woo Han Young 
Published: November 2021

Abstractπ‐Conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) have been studied as interlayers on top of a separate hole transport layer (HTL) to improve the wetting, interfacial defect passivation, and crystal growth of perovskites. However, very few CPE‐based HTLs have been reported without rational molecular design as ideal HTLs for perovskite solar cells (PeSCs). In this study, the authors synthesize a triphenylamine‐based anionic CPE (TPAFS‐TMA) as an HTL for p‐i‐n‐type PeSCs. TPAFS‐TMA has appropriate frontier molecular orbital (FMO) levels similar to those of the commonly used poly(bis(4‐phenyl)‐2,4,6‐trimethylphenylamine) (PTAA) HTL. The ionic and semiconducting TPAFS‐TMA shows high compatibility, high transmittance, appropriate FMO energy levels for hole extraction and electron blocking, as well as defect passivating properties, which are confirmed using various optical and electrical analyses. Thus, the PeSC with the TPAFS‐TMA HTL exhibits the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.86%, which is better than that of the PTAA‐based device (PCE of 19.97%). In addition, it exhibits negligible device‐to‐device variations in its photovoltaic performance, contrary to the device with PTAA. Finally, a large‐area PeSC (1 cm2) and mini‐module (3 cm2), showing PCEs of 19.46% and 18.41%, respectively, are successfully fabricated. The newly synthesized TPAFS‐TMA may suggest its great potential as an HTL for large‐area PeSCs.