bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feedforward control of droplet transition in electron beam freeform fabrication based on dual beam spot method
Authors: Zhang Haoyu , Liang Zhiyue , Chang Shuhe , Du Dong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a feedforward control method of droplet transition based on dual beam spot in electron beam freeform fabrication is proposed. A deflection coil is used to form two beam spots on the surface of the workpiece. Images containing the prepositive spot are taken, the height information of the workpiece surface is obtained through image processing method, and feedforward control is performed accordingly. The experiment result shows that the proposed method has excellent detection accuracy. It can keep the droplet transition distance and state stable when the height of the surface to be deposited fluctuates, and achieve uniform and stable deposition morphology.
Joint optimization for product warranty and preventive maintenance in service supply chain
Authors: Xu Yingcui , An Xiangxin , Zhu Ying , Xia Tangbin , Miao Rui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Industrial competition has been extended from the traditional price and quality competition to warranty competition, from the single manufacturer competition to the whole supply chain system competition. Existing research mainly focuses on the decision-making problems of warranty period and price. However, with the increasing complexity and safety requirements of CNC machine tools and other engineering equipment, customers have put forward higher requirements for product quality and equipment reliability. In this paper, the equipment product deteriorating with aging is taken as the research object, and a two-level service supply chain profit model under Stackelberg game with strong manufacturer bundled sales of “product + warranty” is constructed. Moreover, the impact of warranty period and preventive maintenance frequency on the equilibrium price of product-service package is discussed. This paper provides a new and scientific approach for the optimization of product service strategy.
Digital Twin and Manufacturing Simulation Integrated Platform embedded in cyber-physical system
Authors: Leng Bohan , Sun He , Si Guojin , Xia Tangbin , Wang Hao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Simulation on manufacturing process of production line is essential to reduce the cost and time of production line layout design. Traditional simulation methods either have low fidelity or depend on actual equipment and external tools. Digital Twin is a core element in Industry 4.0 and is viewed as the next generation of simulation. However, applying Digital Twin to simulate manufacturing process is inadequately researched. To simulate and assess the manufacturing process of production lines in advance, this paper proposes Digital Twin and Manufacturing Simulation Integrated Platform (DTMSIP) embedded in Cyber-Physical System (CPS). Powered by the Plug-and-Play CPS, DTMSIP can serve the function of both monitoring and simulation, where fidelity is ensured by precise mapping of Digital Twin. After DTMSIP is established for a reconfigurable production line, DTMSIP as a simulation method is validated on a reconfiguration evaluation problem in this paper.
Fault Tolerant Control of Sensor Faults in Microgrid Inverter Control System
Authors: Wang J , Feng T , Wang B Q 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aiming at sensor drift fault, the design problem of active fault tolerant controller for island-AC microgrid inverter system is studied. The controller has good ability to suppress external finite energy disturbance. Firstly, a closed-loop system state space model is constructed for an isolated AC microgrid inverter system with external finite energy disturbance. Then, when the sensor fault occurs in the control system, the fault information is taken as an auxiliary state vector, and the estimated value of the sensor fault and the system state variable is obtained simultaneously through the proposed extended observer. A fault tolerant controller is designed based on the idea of fault compensation. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of this method are verified by programming simulation in MATLAB.
Research on Power System Expansion Planning Considering Demand Response
Authors: Yang Xinyuan , Zhang Meng , Zhao Lu , Ouyang Litao , Wu Yaowu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the future power system, the uncertainty of the load side will increase, and the planning of various demand resources in the system will affect the flexibility and economy of the power system. Excessive planning capacity of demand response resources will cause excessive investment, and insufficient planned capacity will affect the flexibility of the system. In order to obtain the investment decision plan for new demand-side resources within the planning period, this article adds demand resources such as energy storage systems and controllable loads based on thermal power units as the main flexible resources, establish an optimization model with the goal of minimizing the annual cost of the power system expansion plan. Based on the improved IEEE-RTS96 system, a numerical example is analysed, and the influence of different demand-side response resources on system planning is deeply explored. The results show that comprehensive planning of multiple types of demand-side response resources is more competitive than single resource planning in terms of system economy and operational flexibility.
Model Predictive Control and Position Sensorless Control Algorithm for Induction Motor
Authors: Zhu Keke , Ruan Lin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In view of the traditional finite set model predictive control of induction motor, the enumeration method is used to select only one optimal voltage vector in one control cycle, which causes the deviation of stator current in the tracking control process, and a duty cycle model predictive current control algorithm is proposed. In this algorithm, duty cycle control is introduced on the basis of traditional model prediction algorithm. In a control period, an optimal non-zero vector and a zero vector act together, and the action time of the two is calculated. Based on the duty cycle model predictive control algorithm, the model reference adaptive speed estimation algorithm is introduced to improve the robustness of the model. Finally, the dynamic and static characteristics of vector control and two model predictive control algorithms are analyzed through simulation comparison, and the feasibility of the proposed speed estimation algorithm is verified on the basis of the duty ratio model predictive algorithm, and the robustness of the two estimation methods is compared. The superiority of the prediction algorithm of duty cycle model and the improved speed estimation algorithm is proved.
Serial Manipulator Control Optimization Using Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Mendrofa Albert Harazaki , Muis Abdul 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Serial manipulator is one of robot type that commonly used on industry. The high Degree of Freedom (DoF) of serial manipulator lead to more flexibility on manipulation but at the same time it also lead to more complex mathematical model of serial manipulator. Because of this complexity, we cannot use the common Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) tuning method such as Ziegler-Nichols and Cohen-Coon while the parameter on controller is need to be optimal in order to reduce the error during position control and avoid instability which may cause hazard to the operator. Ant colony algorithm proposed to optimize the controller of serial manipulator and result of optimization evaluated through experiment.
Improved quality tests of R11410-21 photomultiplier tubes for the XENONnT experiment
Authors: Antochi V.C. , Baudis L. , Bollig J. , Brown A. , Budnik R. , Cichon D. , Conrad J. , Ferella A.D. , Galloway M. , Hoetzsch L. , Kazama S. , Koltman G. , Landsman H. , Lindner M. , Mahlstedt J. , Marrodán Undagoitia T. , Pelssers B. , Volta G. , Wack O. , Wulf J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are often used in
low-background particle physics experiments, which rely on an
excellent response to single-photon signals and stable long-term
operation. In particular, the Hamamatsu R11410 model is the light
sensor of choice for liquid xenon dark matter experiments, including
XENONnT. The same PMT model was also used for the predecessor,
XENON1T, where issues affecting its long-term operation were
observed. Here, we report on an improved PMT testing procedure
which ensures optimal performance in XENONnT. Using both new and
upgraded facilities, we tested 368 new PMTs in a cryogenic xenon
environment. We developed new tests targeted at the detection of
light emission and the degradation of the PMT vacuum through small
leaks, which can lead to spurious signals known as afterpulses, both
of which were observed in XENON1T.

We exclude the use of 26 of the 368 tested PMTs and categorise the
remainder according to their performance. Given that we have
improved the testing procedure, yet we rejected fewer PMTs, we
expect significantly better PMT performance in XENONnT.
Atmospheric methane underestimated in future climate projections
Authors: Kleinen Thomas , Gromov Sergey , Steil Benedikt , Brovkin Victor 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Methane (CH4) is the second most important naturally occurring greenhouse gas (GHG) after carbon dioxide (Myhre G et al 2013 Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) pp 659–740). For both GHGs, the present-day budget is dominated by anthropogenic emissions (Friedlingstein P et al 2019 Earth Syst. Sci. Data
11 1783–838; Saunois M et al 2020 Earth Syst. Sci. Data
12 1561–623). For CO2 it is well established that the projected future rise in atmospheric concentration is near exclusively determined by anthropogenic emissions (Ciais P et al 2013 Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) pp 465–570). For methane, this appears to be the common assumption, too, but whether this assumption is true has never been shown conclusively. Here, we investigate the evolution of atmospheric methane until 3000 CE under five Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenarios, for the first time using a methane-enabled state-of-the-art Earth System Model (ESM). We find that natural methane emissions, i.e. methane emissions from the biosphere, rise strongly as a reaction to climate warming, thus leading to atmospheric methane concentrations substantially higher than assumed in the scenarios used for CMIP6. We also find that the natural emissions become larger than the anthropogenic ones in most scenarios, showing that natural emissions cannot be neglected.
Ecosystem services of tree windbreaks in rural landscapes—a systematic review
Authors: Weninger T , Scheper S , Lackóová L , Kitzler B , Gartner K , King N W , Cornelis W , Strauss P , Michel K 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Windbreaks are key structural elements in the rural environment and affect the functionality of landscapes in multiple ways. A broad interdisciplinary view on these functions lacks in scientific literature and common knowledge. This led to under informed management decisions, a decrease in the number of windbreaks in wide areas, and a subsequent loss of landscape functionality. Therefore, the knowledge on windbreaks and associated ecosystem services (ES) was systematically reviewed to guide the way for a holistic comprehension of such structural landscape elements. We defined eight bundles of ES on the basis of the Common International Classification of ES scheme. Search terms that allowed to include only vegetative windbreaks consisting of at least one tree row were combined with appropriate search terms for the eight ES bundles in individual searches resulting in a total of 6094 hits. We considered only publications that provided quantitative data and allowed to derive a clear effect of windbreaks on ES so that 222 publications from all over the world were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The outcomes provide information about the dimension of effort, scientific consensus or dissensus, and knowledge gaps in the different research disciplines involved. It was shown that windbreaks bring predominantly positive effects to landscapes in the course of all investigated ES bundles. Apparent positive effects were found for soil protection, biodiversity and pest control, whereas for biomass production, nutrient and water balance, also adverse or indifferent effects were reported. The present review reveals an intense need for further interdisciplinary research using indicators, ES approaches or similar instruments that enable quantitative and comparable statements about the functionality of windbreaks in rural landscapes.
Anthropogenic influence on Northern Hemisphere blocking during the winter 1960/1961–2012/2013
Authors: Chen Dong , Qiao Shaobo , Zhu Xian , Cheung Ho-Nam , Freychet Nicolas , Hao Xin , Tang Shankai , Feng Guolin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Atmospheric blocking (‘blocking’) in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) is a crucial driver of extreme cold spells in winter. Here we investigate the anthropogenic influence on the NH blocking and its impact on surface air temperature (SAT) during the winter 1960/1961–2012/2013 using two HadGEM3-GA6-N216 simulations with 15 ensemble members: (a) with anthropogenic and natural forcing (All-hist) and (b) with natural forcing only (Nat-hist). Compared to the Nat-hist run, the blocking frequency in the All-hist run decreases in the Euro-Atlantic, the Urals and the western Pacific, whereas it increases in the eastern Pacific and Greenland. These responses can be explained by the response of planetary waves and storm tracks. On the other hand, the decrease in SAT downstream of the blocking regions in the All-hist run is more pronounced than the Nat-hist run, especially in Europe and the Urals. Correspondingly, the proportion of cold days during all blocking days in these sectors is higher in the All-hist run than the Nat-hist run. These responses can be explained by the wind response associated with blocking. Overall, the spatiotemporal characteristics of blocking is crucial for evaluating the impact of blocking on extreme weather, and their response to anthropogenic forcing should be investigated by more models.
Digital technologies in forestry
Authors: Bespalova V V , Polyanskaya O A , Lipinskaya A A , Gryazkin A V , Kazi I A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In Russia today, one of the national development goals is the development of the introduction of digital technologies in the economy and social sphere. The national program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”, as well as the introduction of digital technologies as a national development priority, raised the relevance of these issues to a high political level. This is an example of a national goal implemented on the basis of the principle of project management and requiring a significant investment of budgetary funds. In this article, the process of introducing digital technologies in the forestry industry is considered on the basis of the application of N Venkatraman’s model, and their effectiveness is proved. The main result presented in this article is the evidence base for the need to introduce digital technologies at enterprises for the further development of the industry; examples of the use of new achievements, both in forestry and in the forest industry, are considered, and some difficulties in their application are shown.
Application of the Levinson filter to predict the state of the environment affecting the occurrence of forest fires
Authors: Istomin E , Kolbina O , Sidorenko A , Yagotinceva N , Petrov Y 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to the application of the Levinson filter for the formation of an input sample in the already existing methods for assessing forest fires. This will allow you to plan in advance measures to minimize the risks of fire hazardous situations. The properties of cross-correlation of elements of the matrix of transition coefficients are applied to find the matrix of transition coefficients. The article provides an example of testing the application of the Levinson filter in the form of an application program. The results described in the article make it possible to judge the applicability of the chosen method of forestry area management.
Analysis transformation of forests of the Southern Sakhalin by remote sensing data using geoinformation technologies
Authors: Sabirov R N , Melkiy V A , Verkhoturov A A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The forests in the south of Sakhalin are classified as taiga zone and before the begining of large-scale use almost completely covered its territory. The reserves of spruce and fir forests often reached 600 m3 per 1 ha. Only in south-western part of Sakhalin broad-leaved forests grows as an admixture in dark coniferous forests. Above the belt of dark coniferous forests were indigenous forest communities of stone birch and thickets of cedar elfin wood. In the floodplains of many rivers, willow-alder and poplar forests grew with the participation of coniferous and some broad-leaved species. The composition, structure and qualitative state of modern forests, due to long-term industrial logging, large-scale fires and other anthropogenic transformations of natural landscapes, significantly differ from their original, natural state. The article evaluates the current state and structure of the forest cover in southern part of Sakhalin according by data obtained from the Landsat-8 spacecraft, soften-up with using geoinformation technologies. Dark coniferous forests have undergone the greatest changes, reducing the occupied area more than 3 times due to their active exploitation over the past century. Currently zonal dark coniferous forests are mostly replaced to derived stone-birch forests, their share have increased significantly in the forest fund.
The use of multi-agent systems in forestry
Authors: Safonova T V , Kolbina O N , Yagotintceva N V , Mokryak A V 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the study is to review the current situation in the forestry sector, as well as to identify and accomplish tasks that could change the situation in this area.It focuses on the disclosure of operation principleof the multi-agent approach, as well as the identification of problem areas in forestry.The scientific novelty comes down to a promising direction in forestry that reduces the processing time of incoming information since the multi-agent approach gives a parallel process of assessing data that retrieved by an unmanned vehicle. In addition, the approach simplifies the structure of the agent’s algorithm. With that research, the technology of operation of multi-agent systems was disclosed, and examples of the application of this approach in production were presented. It is emphasized that the use of unmanned aerial vehicles with a multi-agent approach to recognition of terrain in the field of forestry will improve the quality of the data obtained, increase the amount of information received and processed, and increase the reliability of this process. The main advantages of the proposed approach are minimal control during remote use, forest resource taxation and analysis of the terrain for emergency situations.
Digital differential spectrometry in the assessment of the structural characteristics of wood and wooden composite materials
Authors: Skurydin Yu G , Skurydina E M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The results of the application of digital differential spectrometry in the processing of the results of the study of the structure of wood and wood materials by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) are shown. The experimental temperature dependences of the dynamic shear modulus G’ are smoothed using cubic splines. Smooth curves G‘(t) are obtained that are suitable for automated processing, including for finding the temperature derivatives of G’. The analysis of the temperature dependences of the first and second derivatives of the dynamic shear modulus allows us to determine the position, range, and intensity of temperature transitions in the components of the material under study. The results of the practical application of the DMA method and digital data processing are presented on the example of studying the dynamic mechanical characteristics of birch wood, apple wood, composite material made of hydrolyzed wood, particle board. It is shown that the use of digital processing of experimental data provides more accurate results, simplifies their interpretation, and expands the understanding of the processes occurring in wood materials at the level of intermolecular interaction.
Information support of the dynamics of system connectivity of wheel harvester operations
Authors: Svoikin F , Svoikin V , Bazarov S , Alexandrov A , Ugryumov S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the initial system dynamics of the connectivity of the work of the harvester head and the basic machine for the production of logs from the position of forming by processing the dynamics of work in a single functional space of time. On the basis of a deeper analysis of the dynamics of the production cycle of secondary raw materials and logs of the harvester head and the base machine in combination from the position of system analysis, a mathematical model for calculating the productivity of wood materials obtained from trees in a multi-operational sequential representation was built, performed by one harvester head. The total functional time of production of a unit of labor by the performed suboperations and its storage for all trees in the cycle becomes the main connecting parameter that allows us to represent the dynamics of the process. A solution is proposed to reduce the functional time for the operator of the harvester to make a decision on the production of logs of one or another quality and dimensional characteristics by using program for dynamic calculation and graphical representation of the output of finished products from a separate part of the tree trunk «STMLOGIC».
Robotic systems in forestry
Authors: Boitsov A , Vagizov M , Istomin E , Aksenova A , Pavlov V 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The article presents review of modern robotic system technologies implemented in forestry. This study shows the importance of partly and fully automated robotechnic complexes specifically designed for forest management in Russia. The research provides characteristics of goals in forestry and their solutions based on designing technologies of robotechnic systems. The article contains the review of management methods with various partly and fully automated systems that are already used in the areas close to forestry. This study shows technological aspects of development of these systems in terms of their implementation in forest sector. The research contains review of existing models, technologies and prototypes presented abroad. Active prototypes have a detailed description and their current implementation in forest sector. The analogue systems that are used in agriculture and mining have a good potential of usage in forest sector. The provided study highlights the possibility of robotechnic systems use in terms of forest planting and fighting forest fires.