bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review of the Evidence on the Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Mass Screen-and-Treat Interventions for Malaria Control
Authors: Kim Sooyoung , Luande Verah Nafula , Rocklöv Joacim , Carlton Jane M. , Tozan Yesim 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT.
Malaria elimination and eradication efforts have stalled globally. Further, asymptomatic infections as silent transmission reservoirs are considered a major challenge to malaria elimination efforts. There is increased interest in a mass screen-and-treat (MSAT) strategy as an alternative to mass drug administration to reduce malaria burden and transmission in endemic settings. This study systematically synthesized the existing evidence on MSAT, from both epidemiological and economic perspectives. Searches were conducted on six databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINALH, Web of Science, Global Health, and Google Scholar) between October and December 2020. Only experimental and quasi-experimental studies assessing the effectiveness and/or cost-effectiveness of MSAT in reducing malaria prevalence or incidence were included. Of the 2,424 citation hits, 14 studies based on 11 intervention trials were eligible. Eight trials were conducted in sub-Saharan Africa and three trials in Asia. While five trials targeted the community as a whole, pregnant women were targeted in five trials, and school children in one trial. Transmission setting, frequency, and timing of MSAT rounds, and measured outcomes varied across studies. The pooled effect size of MSAT in reducing malaria incidence and prevalence was marginal and statistically nonsignificant. Only one study conducted an economic evaluation of the intervention and found it to be cost-effective when compared with the standard of care of no MSAT. We concluded that the evidence for implementing MSAT as part of a routine malaria control program is growing but limited. More research is necessary on its short- and longer-term impacts on clinical malaria and malaria transmission and its economic value.
Brazilian Universities – Problems, COVID-19 & Efforts
Authors: Rios-Campos Carlos , Macias Patricia Mercedes Tapia , González Julissa Elizabeth Reyna , Araujo Michael Roberto Quispe , Tirado Willam Cristian Guevara , Castro Miguel Ángel Vásquez , Palacios Miguel Ángel Peña , Herrera David Salcedo 
Published: September 2021

It is necessary to know the state of the brazilian universities. In this paper the general objective was determine the situation of brazilian universities: Problems, COVID-19 & efforts. Methodology, in this research, 36 documents have been selected, carried out in the period 2016 - 2021; including: scientific articles, review articles and information from websites of recognized organizations. The keywords used in the searches were: Brazilian universities and COVID-19. Results, brazilian universities stand out for the great effort they make in the training of researchers, as well as in the publication of numerous scientific articles and patent registration. Each year they manage to rank better in the Latin American and international rankings. Conclusions, brazilian universities have been affected by the pandemic, largely due to the ineffective response of the current government. Therefore, it is necessary for the university community to work in coordination to overcome this critical situation. Brazilian universities are an important example for the rest of Latin American universities, due to their outstanding position in international rankings and their continuous effort in scientific research.
Es necesario conocer el estado de las universidades brasileñas. En este trabajo el objetivo general fue determinar la situación de las universidades brasileñas: problemas, COVID-19 y esfuerzos. Metodología, en esta investigación se han seleccionado 36 documentos, realizados en el período 2016 - 2021; incluyendo: artículos científicos, artículos de revisión e información de sitios web de organizaciones reconocidas. Las palabras clave utilizadas en las búsquedas fueron: universidades brasileñas y COVID-19. Resultados, las universidades brasileñas se destacan por el gran esfuerzo que realizan en la formación de investigadores, así como en la publicación de numerosos artículos científicos y registro de patentes. Cada año logran posicionarse mejor en los rankings latinoamericanos e internacionales. Conclusiones, las universidades brasileñas se han visto afectadas por la pandemia, en gran parte debido a la respuesta ineficaz del gobierno actual. Por tanto, es necesario que la comunidad universitaria trabaje de forma coordinada para superar esta situación crítica. Las universidades brasileñas son un ejemplo importante para el resto de universidades latinoamericanas, por su destacada posición en los rankings internacionales y su continuo esfuerzo en la investigación científica.
PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CARE IN SELECTED PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA
Authors: Firisa Weynshet , Onsongo Lister , Mugo Judy 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: This study sought to assess the prevalence of hypertension in pregnancy and associated risk factors among women attending antenatal care clinics in selected Pubic Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Materials and Methods: The research employed a cross-sectional descriptive study design. Study population was pregnant women who attended ANC care in selected hospital. The respondents were randomly selected from Tikur Anbesa specialized, Zewuditu Memorial and St. Paul’s Millennium medical college hospitals. Respondents for interview were selected using systematic random sampling at an interval of nine until a sample size of 297 was reached. The study used an adopting both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. Quantitative data was collected using structured questionnaires from pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics while qualitative data was collected using key informant interview schedules and Focused Group Discussion guides with Nurses in charge of antenatal care clinics and primary respondents respectively. Key informants and focused group discussants were purposively selected. Descriptive data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0 with the aid of Microsoft Excel program to generate frequency tables, graphs and pie-charts. Qualitative data was analysed using thematic analysis and results triangulated with quantitative data as direct quotes or narrations. Inferential statistics were calculated using Chi-Square tests done at 95% confidence interval and a margin of error of 0.05 to establish the association between variables. Information generated were presented in the text in the form of tables, bar graphs and pie charts.
Results: The study results revealed that the prevalence of pregnancy induced hypertension in Addis Ababa was 21.9%. Socio-demographic factors such as age (p=0.030), occupation (p=0.031), income (p=0.0014), highest level of education (p=0.001) and health insurance (p=0.001) were significantly associated with occurrence of hypertension in pregnancy. Rreproductive and obstetric factors such as age at first pregnancy (p=0.001), gravidity (p=0.046), parity (p=0.001), history of obesity (p=0.001) and occurrence of gestational diabetes (p=0.002) were significantly associated with hypertension in pregnancy. More than a half (51.9%) of respondents had negative attitude towards hypertensive disorder in pregnancy. The level of attitude (p=0.040) was significantly associated with occurrence of hypertension in pregnancy.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that the management of the 3 health facilities together with other stakeholders in health empower women to start income generating projects to increase their financial access to antenatal care services consequently reduces hindrances that may lead to pregnancy complications such as hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.
Occupational Therapy Interventions to Improve Driving Performance in Older People With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Early-Stage Dementia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Spargo Claire , Laver Kate , Berndt Angela , Adey-Wakeling Zoe , George Stacey 
Published: September 2021

Importance: For a person with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or early-stage dementia, driving is important for independence. However, driving presents safety concerns for both the person and family members. It is important to determine whether occupational therapy interventions can prolong safe driving for this population.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions to improve driving performance in older people with MCI or early-stage dementia.
Data Sources: We conducted a search of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and gray literature using Google Scholar.
Study Selection and Data Collection: Studies were included if they evaluated interventions that (1) aimed to improve the driving performance of older people (M age ≥60 yr) with MCI or early-stage dementia and (2) could be designed or delivered by an occupational therapy practitioner who specializes in driving. Citations were reviewed independently by two authors, and quality appraisal was conducted using the Cochrane risk-of-bias guidelines.
Findings: One Level I randomized controlled trial (RCT) and 4 Level III quasi-experimental studies were included; these studies had 231 participants in total with reported M ages of 65.6–72.5 yr. One study evaluated a compensatory approach, whereas the others evaluated a remedial approach. The studies used different measures to assess outcomes and reported mixed effects.
Conclusions and Relevance: Low strength of evidence suggests that occupational therapy interventions may improve the driving performance of older people with MCI or early-stage dementia. More RCTs are needed that include long-term follow-up measures and address clinically important outcomes.
What This Article Adds: In the absence of conclusive evidence from research studies and best practice guidelines, occupational therapy practitioners must rely on their clinical experience and their clients’ abilities. Development of evidence and guidelines in this area is critical. It is also important for practitioners to work closely with clients, families, and interdisciplinary team members to carefully monitor fitness to drive.
Analysis of offensive and defensive actions of young soccer goalkeepers
Authors: Santos João , Malico Sousa Paulo , Pinheiro Valter , Jorge Santos Fernando 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe study aimed to investigate the defensive and offensive technical-tactical actions of elite young football goalkeepers.MethodsThe goalkeepers who participated in our study (<i>n</i> = 3; mean age: 16.6 years) had 8 years of experience in the position, were Portuguese, and competed in the Portuguese National Championship U-17. Thirty championship games were observed. The observational instruments used were constructed and validated for the investigation, and the technical-tactical actions were coded with the Lince® software. The data were processed through a descriptive analysis, by using the Microsoft Excel® computer program.ResultsDefensive actions with most occurrences were goal defence (25.33 ± 8.14), deviation to punch (13.67 ± 12.5), with 2 hands (45.66 ± 21.38), and in zone 1 (50.33 ± 34.81). Offensive actions started more frequently with delayed pass (38.33 ± 28.01), for zone 1 (28.7 ± 20.60). The goalkeepers executed goal kick most frequently (17.33 ± 14.29), followed by short hand replacement (16.67 ± 12.06) and short pass (14.33 ± 10.02). The preferred pass zone was 9 (17.33 ± 10.26), and actions sought to initiate positional attack (86 ± 61.02).ConclusionsIn the defensive process, the goalkeepers’ actions are mostly focused on the objective of goal defence; in the offensive process, technical actions with the hands and feet are important in the participation in positional attack construction.
SYSCHRONOUS PRIMARY THYROID, LUNG AND COLON CANCERS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Van Ba Nguyen , Viet Hoanh Ho , Van Ha Tran , Quang Vinh Dang 
Published: September 2021

Multiple primary neoplasms are relatively rare, but their incidence has increased because of aging and improvements in diagnostic imaging. There are many ways to classify, but nowadays, multiple primary cancers are again classified as synchronous and metachronous, the time is 6 months after the first primary injury detection, some authors get 12 months.
Our clinical case is a 66-year-old man, prolonged exposure to risk factors for cancer. The patient was diagnosed with different types of primary cancer, colon cancer, thyroid cancer, lung cancer, and stomach cancer. The patient was treated according to the general clinical guidelines suitable for the disease type and the stage of the disease at the time of detection. Lesson learned is the importance of screening tests, attitudes, and comprehensive views of doctors for cancer patients, avoiding missing injuries, affecting the quality of treatment for patients.
STUDYING THE INITIAL STABILITY OF A NEW TYPE OF HIP REPLACEMENT- SPIRON SHORT STEM
Authors: Duc Thuan Mai , Quoc Dung Nguyen 
Published: September 2021

Objective: we perform this study with the following objective: Studying the initial stability of a new type of hip replacement-spiron short stem. Subjects and methods: Experiments to determine the deformability, elasticity and force capacity of the femur were used for the short stem and the long stem replacement corresponds to the original femur without the prosthesis. Along with that, we were evaluated short-term results of treatment for 70 patients with 92 Spiron hips replacement in the Institute of Trauma and Orthopedic-108 Military Central Hospital, from 2012 to 2016. Results: The analysis results showed that the Spiron short stem prosthetic had a significantly smaller displacement in the mid-frost bond than the Zweymuller long stem prosthesis. Clinical research: Harris’s score was 45.2 (± 2.4) before surgery. At the final examination time Harris’s score was 91.4 (± 2.5). The rate: very good (75.0%), good (17.4%), average (3.3%), poor (4.3%). There are 02 cases early stem loosening had to stem revision surgery (2.2%). Conclusion: These results show the good initial fixed ability as well as stability when replaced by the Spiron stem.
Abordaje comunitario para la identificación de casos de anemia en gestantes, niños y niñas en tres comunidades del Perú
Authors: Cordova Silva Gabriela , Ypanaque Ancajima Jhon Edwin , Saly Rosas Solano Jose Luis , Silva Rodriguez José Miguel 
Published: September 2021

Introducción: La anemia por deficiencia de hierro afecta el crecimiento y desarrollo cognitivo desde las primeras etapas de vida de ser humano. Es preciso abordar una estrategia comunitaria para detectar oportunamente los casos a fin de garantizar oportunidades de desarrollo integral en las etapas de vida posteriores. Objetivo: Describir un modelo de abordaje comunitario para la detección de casos de anemia en niños y niñas en tres comunidades urbanos marginales del norte del Perú. Metodología: Estudio epidemiológico descriptivo de corte transversal, se tamizaron con equipo de espectrofotometría a 412 personas entre gestantes, niños y niñas menores de 5 años. Además, se aplicaron cuestionarios anónimos para evaluar las determinantes de salud. Se geo ubicaron las viviendas con casos de anemia y se desarrolló un aplicativo informático para el almacenamiento de la información Resultados: En las comunidades de San José y Salamanca se representaron 3.9 % (16) y 7% (29) casos de anemia respectivamente y solo 1.7 % (7) casos en los Jardines. Existe una relación significativa entre las comunidades y la aparición de casos de anemia p valor = 0.001; intervalo de confianza IC 95%. Además, el 9. 5% (39) de los casos de anemia no tenía acceso a ningún programa social. Finalmente, el 83.7% (345) de tamizados no reportó anemia y estuvo suplementado con micronutrientes. Conclusiones: El modelo comunitario podría ser un referente en la atención primaria de salud como estrategia del determinismo social de los casos de anemia en gestantes, niños y niñas.
Komunikasi Antarbudaya Etnis Tionghoa Dan Pribumi Di Kota Palembang
Authors: Meilinda Hardi Nora 
Published: September 2021

Purpose of intercultural communication research to determine the influence worldviews and indigenous ethnic Chinese in the city of Palembang. Three elements of worldview that includes the study of religion or beliefs, values and behavior, which is part of the theory of cultural perception by Larry A Samovar, Richard E.Porter dan Edwin R. McDaniel. This study uses a qualitative phenomenological approach which aims to look at various situations or social realities that apply to ethnic Chinese and indigenous in the city of Palembang. Research using depth interviews with a number of ethnic Chinese and indigenous informants. In addition, the observation and analysis of literature related to this research. Analysis of the data is written in a narrative inductive. An important result showed that religion/belief is one that is right and not be forced. However, through the marriage of the ethnic Chinese and indigenous religious conversion to Islam and Christianity that religions outlook changed. In addition, intercultural communication can change the perspective of the cultural values of ethnic Chinese and Natives in the city of Palembang. There by encouraging individual behavior becomes positive and its worldview
Regulasi Kebijakan Produk Makanan Halal Di Indonesia
Authors: Supriyadi Endang Irawan , Asih Dianing Banyu 
Published: September 2021

Produk Halal adalah Produk yang telah dinyatakan halal sesuai dengan syariat Islam.sehingga kehalalan suatu produk menjadi kebutuhan wajib bagi setiap konsumen terutama kosumen muslim,sertifikasi dan panandaan halal merupakan sesuatu yang perlu mendapat perhatian khusus dari pemerintah terutama dalam produk makanan yang merupakan kebutuhan primer dan dikonsumsi secara masif. Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang landasan perintah mengkonsumsi makanan halal untuk umat muslim, kriteria makanan halal dalam ajaran islam, faktor penyebab sulitnya mendapatkan makanan halal yang muncul dari kemajuan teknologi dan industri di bidang makanan, yang mengakibatkan munculnya urgensi dibentuknya regulasi kebijakan produk halal oleh pemerintah sebagai upaya untuk melindungi warga negara terutama umat muslim sebagai pemeluk agama sesuai dengan undang-undang nomor 29 pasal 2,dengan disahkannya undang-undang no 33 tahun 2014 berkenaan dengan regulasi makanan halal di Indonesia.
STUDI IN SILICO SIFAT FARMAKOKINETIK, TOKSISITAS, DAN AKTIVITAS IMUNOMODULATOR BRAZILEIN KAYU SECANG TERHADAP ENZIM 3-CHYMOTRYPSIN-LIKE CYSTEINE PROTEASE CORONAVIRUS
Authors: Dwi Dwi Krihariyani , Sasongkowati Retno , Haryanto Edy 
Published: September 2021

Enzim 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (3CLpro) adalah enzim yang berfungsi mengendalikan replikasi dalam siklus hidup coronavirus. Enzim 3CLproadalah target biologis (reseptor) yang akan berinteraksi dengan obat (ligan). Brazilein merupakan kandungan senyawa mayor dalam kayu secang yang secara empiris digunakan sebagai imunomodulator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi secara in silico aktivitas imunomodulator senyawa brazilein terhadap enzim 3CLpro, dengan senyawa pembanding kurkumin. Uji in silico digunakan untuk memprediksi aktivitas imunomodulator dengan melakukan docking menggunakan program komputer Molegro Virtual Docker. Reseptor yang digunakan adalah 3CLpro, kode PDB: 6M2N, dengan ligan 3WL_401[C]. Prediksi sifat farmakokinetik (ADME) dan toksisitas brazilein dan kurkumin dilakukan menggunakan program pkCSM online tool. Analisis data dilakukan dengan membandingkan energi ikatan hasil docking antara brazilein, ligan, dan kurkumin pada reseptor target. Semakin rendah energi ikatan ligan dengan reseptor target, semakin stabil ikatan yang terbentuk. Hasil uji in silico menunjukkan bahwa energi ikatan ligan = -83.1153kkal/mol, brazilein = -82.0583kkal/mol, dan kurkumin = -115.852kkal/mol. Hasil uji di atas menunjukkan bahwa brazilein memiliki potensi sebagai imunomodulator meskipun lebih rendah dibanding ligan dan kurkumin. Hasil uji in silico menggunakan program pkCSM online tool menunjukkan bahwa senyawa brazilein mempunyai sifat farmakokinetik yang baik, dan menimbulkan toksisitas yang relatif rendah.
PENGARUH VOLUME PRESIPITAT URINE TERHADAP HASIL PEMERIKSAAN SEDIMEN URINE
Authors: Damayanti Kadek Yulinda , Parwati Putu Ayu , Abadi Mohammad Fairuz 
Published: September 2021

Infeksi Saluran Kemih (ISK) adalah infeksi akibat berkembangnya mikroorganisme patogen di dalam saluran kemih. Sedimen urine merupakan pemeriksaan untuk mengetahui adanya kelainan pada ginjal dan saluran kemih. Faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil pemeriksaan sedimen urine yaitu salah satunya volume presipitat urine. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh volume presipitat urine terhadap hasil pemeriksaan sedimen urine. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu analitik dengan pendekatan eksperimen. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 15 sampel ISK. Hasil uji Kruskal wallis pada pemeriksaan leukosit diperoleh hasil p-value <0.05 yang menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan jumlah leukosit pada ketiga perbandingan volume presipitat urinedan hasil uji One Way Anova pada pemeriksaan eritrosit diperoleh hasil p-value <0.05 yang menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan jumlah eritrosit pada ketiga perbandingan volume presipitat urine. Hasil uji Kruskal Wallis pada pemeriksaan kristal dan bakteri diperoleh hasil p-value >0.05 yang menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan jumlah kristal dan bakteri pada ketiga perbandingan volume presipitat urine dan hasil uji One Way Anova pada pemeriksaan sel epitel diperoleh hasil p-value >0.05 yang menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan jumlah sel epitel pada ketiga perbandingan volume presipitat urine. Pemeriksaan sedimen urine diharapkan menggunakan volume presipitat urine sesuai standar yaitu 20 µL.
Ante una encrucijada: Tendencias Significativas en el Reconocimiento de la Tenencia Forestal Comunitaria de 2002 a 2017
Authors:   Rights and Resources Initiative
Published: September 2021

Una organización de la tenencia forestal insegura, disputada e injusta socava la protección de los bosques y la inversión en ellos, atiza el conflicto y pone en peligro los derechos, los medios de subsistencia y las posibilidades de desarrollo de los pueblos indígenas, las comunidades locales y las mujeres rurales.
De Europese strijd tegen vervuilende single use plastics
Authors: Huijts J.H.M. 
Published: September 2021

De Europese strijd tegen vervuilende single use plastics
Op 5 juni 2019 werd de Richtlijn betreffende de vermindering van de effecten van bepaalde kunststofproducten op het milieu vastgesteld. De auteur onderzoekt in deze bijdrage welke verplichtingen deze richtlijn in het leven roept en hoe daaraan gehoor wordt gegeven in Nederland.Richtlijn (EU) 2019/904 van het Europees Parlement en de Raad van 5 juni 2019 betreffende de vermindering van de effecten van bepaalde kunststofproducten op het milieu (PbEU 2019, L 155/1-19).