bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex and Birth Control in West Germany
Authors: O’Sullivan Michael E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Pius XII’s Addresses to the Catholic Union of Midwives on October 29, 1951 and the National Congress of the Family Front and the Association of Large Families on November 27, 1951 were a pivotal moment in the history of sexuality in the Catholic Church because the pope permitted the use of the rhythm method for the purposes of family planning. They occurred at a moment of transition between Pius XI’s condemnation of contraception and abortion in 1930 and Paul VI’s denunciation of the birth control pill in 1968. This essay argues that these two speeches require greater scholarly attention and that West Germany represents a compelling case study for their reception. Other scholars document well the importance of Germany to the life and papacy of Pius XII, but little light has been shed on how Central European Catholics responded to his views about sex. In a fresh reading of the papal intervention, this essay suggests that the speeches only endorsed practices that had been common since the 1930s. In the midst of changing norms about sex and increased access to birth control as well as anxiety about rapid social change, Pius XII’s attempt at conciliation was significant but ultimately failed.
La „Chronica Danielis“: il Barbarossa, i della Torre e la battaglia di Desio (1277)
Authors: Galbiati Roberto 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The „Chronica Danielis“ is a fantastical chronicle dedicated to the mythical Inglexio family, purported to have ruled Milan from the 7th to the 12th centuries. According to this legend, the emperor Frederick I was responsible for the family’s demise: when he destroyed Milan with the help of some Milanese traitors in 1145 (sic!), he either killed the last members of the Inglexio family or deported them to Germany. Jörg W. Busch has proved that the legend of the Inglexio was written during the rule of the della Torre family (1259–1277) to legitimise their power in Milan. The hypothesis is correct, but the „Cronica Federici primi“ – the third part of the text – is not a work of propaganda. On the contrary, it is a fictional reconstruction of the end of the della Torre family’s power after their defeat at Desio in 1277. Specifically, this article analyses the „Cronica Federici primi“ and provides a new edition of the text.
Wer ist Fra Dolcino?
Authors: Spadaccini Michele 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the image of the heretic fra’ Dolcino as presented in both medieval documentary sources and modern literature. Using a wide range of documentary and literary sources, at least two images of fra’ Dolcino can be outlined: the first is the ‚sharply defined‘ image of the legendary figure featuring in literary texts such as the „Divine Comedy“ by Dante Alighieri or „The Name of the Rose“ by Umberto Eco. The second, which emerges from historical documents, is the ‚blurred‘ image of Dolcino from Novara, the leader of a heretical sect that prospered between the 13th and the 14th centuries. This paper offers a study of the events linked to the figure of fra’ Dolcino and to his group of heretics, considering both the historical perspective and the quality of the information conveyed by literary and documentary sources.
Imperium und Gesundheit
Authors: Parodi Alessandra 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Libya was a special Italian colony. It was geographically close to Italy and had a similar climate; moreover, it had been part of the Roman Empire, a feature that was equally stressed in the colonial ideology of the liberal and Fascist eras. The aim of this study is to illustrate the role of Italian colonial medicine in Libya from 1911–1912 to the Fascist period. Continuities, resemblances and differences, and the meaning ascribed to the „health“ of the colonizers and the colonized, are investigated using publications by doctors and political writers.
Neue Perspektiven auf die questione meridionale
Authors: Carbone Antonio 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Starting from the determination that the questione meridionale – the southern Italian question – has lost its former centrality in the Italian debate, this article suggests new avenues of research and gives an example of the results that such perspectives can provide. The first section of the article outlines some key positions in the political and historiographical debate on the questione meridionale and identifies the reasons underlying the decline of interest in the history of Italy’s North-South divide in recent years. Based on this analysis, the second part presents new potential prospects for research on the history of Southern Italy, principally by connecting it to recent scholarship in global and international history. The final section of the article applies the proposed research methodology to the specific instance of the Centro studi sullo sviluppo economico, a research centre founded in the mid-1950s to disseminate the Southern Italian economic development model in the Mediterranean and Latin America. The analysis of the history of the Centro studi, born out of a collaboration between the Italian Svimez and the American Ford Foundation, illustrates the ambiguity of the relationship between Italian and American development economists and the way in which the knowledge acquired through economic intervention in Southern Italy became a tool to foster contacts between Italy and other ‚southern‘ countries.
Offenheit für unterschiedliche Formungen der Erkenntnis
Authors: Krahn Carolin , Trabant Jürgen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Multilingualism is of central importance for the human experience of alterity in culture and scholarship. In this discussion, Carolin Krahn and Jürgen Trabant explore the challenges and benefits of multilingualism in academia, especially in the humanities. The dominance of the English language in global academic life is addressed, as are the Bologna reform and the role of international research institutes such as the German Historical Institute. The dialogue illustrates the importance of language for intellectual life, addressing further topics ranging from Wilhelm von Humboldt and the city of Rome to the relationship between music and language and the question of European identity.
Contralesional plasticity following constraint-induced movement therapy benefits outcome: contributions of the intact hemisphere to functional recovery
Authors: Kerr Abigail L. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. A common, chronic deficit after stroke is upper limb impairment, which can be exacerbated by compensatory use of the nonparetic limb. Resulting in learned nonuse of the paretic limb, compensatory reliance on the nonparetic limb can be discouraged with constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT). CIMT is a rehabilitative strategy that may promote functional recovery of the paretic limb in both acute and chronic stroke patients through intensive practice of the paretic limb combined with binding, or otherwise preventing activation of, the nonparetic limb during daily living exercises. The neural mechanisms that support CIMT have been described in the lesioned hemisphere, but there is a less thorough understanding of the contralesional changes that support improved functional outcome following CIMT. Using both human and non-human animal studies, the current review explores the role of the contralesional hemisphere in functional recovery of stroke as it relates to CIMT. Current findings point to a need for a better understanding of the functional significance of contralesional changes, which may be determined by lesion size, location, and severity as well stroke chronicity.
Was sagt uns ein Gesetz?
Authors: Seibert Thomas-Michael 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
What kind of rhetoric does a statute present? In the following essay, you will find, after the introduction (1.), the answer in studying interpretants (2.). When you look at written law, you find at least four different types: the academic Roman today antecedent (3.a), the modern blanket clause of the police (3.b), the constitutional clauses which date from the same time (3.c), and finally the last post-modern product as a type of rule which determines the legal form itself (3.d). With tables of measures, figures, and clauses of discretion, it attempts to suppress the disturbance of interpretants (4.).
The Evolutionary Force of Behavioral Economics in Law
Authors: Levmore Saul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper explores the interaction, rather than the competition, among incentivist (or rationalist), behavioral, and evolutionary explanations of legal rules and approaches to problems of public policy. It suggests that behavioral economics can play an important role in influencing people where an incentive-based approach to affecting behavior was tried first and failed on a subset of the targeted group. The discussion ranges across examples including savings rates, the performance of educational institutions, health care, rescue, and even university admissions to explore a range of behavioral tools, with a focus on endowment effects and N-of-1 thinking, in order to bring out the clash among – and the teamwork that is possible with – these three approaches.
Menschen zu sein...
Authors: Kiklewicz Aleksander , Mazurkiewicz-Sułkowska Julia , Pociechina Helena 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThis essay focuses on the sociocultural and semiotic aspects of the discourse of protests sparked by the rigged presidential election in Belarus, in August 2020. The mass demonstrations, using symbolic items (such as posters, slogans, exclamation marks, performances, posts in the social networks on the Internet, etc.) have been analyzed as a type of social discourse. The focus is on the peculiarity and the most distinctive features of the protest movement in Belarus. In particular, the following socio-political and cultural characteristics of Belarusian protest discourses are considered: 1) rejecting stereotypes (especially the tolerance stereotype, blr. pamjarkoŭnas’c’); 2) Belarusian protest tradition; 3) historical and geopolitical factors of the Belarusian protest movement; 4) the discursive systems; 5) the carnival. The emphasis is on linguistic forms of creativity, especially the protest slogans. In addition, the extensive scientific literature addressing such discourses is discussed.
Adam Naruszewiczs Oda do sprawiedliwości im Kontext des politischen Denkens und der Gelegenheitsdichtung der Aufklärung
Authors: Jekutsch Ulrike 
Published: November 2021

Summary
The article discusses Adam Naruszewicz‘s famous Ode to Justice (1773) and the engagement of occasional poetry in contemporary discussions about the handling of justice in political trials. Looking at the trial of 1773 the Ode addresses the question of finding a just sentence for the abortive attempt two years earlier to abduct king Stanisław August. The article presents the pertinent aspects for such an analysis in three parts: 1) an introduction to the conceptualization of royal justice in European thought of the Enlightenment, 2) the known facts about the abduction and its historical contexts, 3) an overview of the occasional poetry written by Naruszewicz about the incident from 1771 to 1773 leading to an analysis of the Ode to Justice in regard to the political reasoning of its author.
Der Religionsdisput in Feofan ProkopovyčsVladimir
Authors: P. Franz Norbert 
Published: November 2021

SummaryUsually Feofan Prokopovyč’stragedokomedija Vladimiris considered an early example of the author’s ecclesiastical reform concerns, which he realized in the Russian Empire from 1716 onwards. However, a detailed analysis of the religious dispute, which is at the center of the play, and its literary sources gives rise to a more biographical reading, according to which the young author recommended himself to the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy for his work as a professor in rhetoric. He, the former supporter of the Union, emphasizes the Greek roots of Eastern Christianity and presents himself as a loyal representative of Moscow-orientated Orthodoxy. There is no evidence that he disagreed with Hetman Mazepa on the political position of Ukraine at the time.
A New Interpretation of the Expression in the Tale of
Two Brothers
Authors: Orriols-Llonch Marc 
Published: November 2021

Summary
In the tale of Two Brothers, when Bata tells his brother Inpu the whole truth about what happened with his wife, he insults her by calling her , a hapax that has been interpreted in many ways. F. Servajean has proposed to translate the expression by vagin perturbé and associates this “perturbation” with menstruation. The translation is totally adequate, but, given the context in which it is found, it does not seem right to associate it with menstruation. Bata insults the wife of his brother because she has tried to be unfaithful, so it seems more consistent that the “perturbation” of the vagina is due to an act of adultery rather than because of the woman’s menstruation.
Ägyptologiegeschichte digital
Authors: Hermes-Wladarsch Maria 
Published: November 2021

Summary
Adolf Erman is one of the founders of modern Egyptology. His life and achievements are deeply connected with the changes in this field, which starting as a romanticized activity and turned into a modern discpline. His extensive correspondence is as important for the history of Egyptology as it is for the general history of science. Because of family connections, Adolf Erman’s estate was almost completely bequeathed to the Bremen State and University Library. Between 2019 and 2021, the whole estate has been described and digitized in a project funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). The paper describes the estate, its digitization and the range of its possible usage.
Negros y mulatos libres del Golfo y el Pacífico en las fronteras de la independencia de México (1767–1810)
Authors: de León Antonio García 
Published: November 2021

La participación en la guerra de independencia de México de “negros”, “mulatos” y otras denominaciones de los descendientes de quienes fueron traídos a la Nueva España como esclavos desde el África subsahariana ha sido considerablemente relegada por la historia oficial posterior. Tal abandono historiográfico se debió a una exclusión surgida desde la época fundacional de la nación. En primera instancia, la perspectiva criolla presentaba una evocación romántica del pasado prehispánico y los aportes de la cultura peninsular y católica. En segunda instancia, el mito del mestizaje, que manifestaba que los mexicanos son el resultado prístino y gradual de una mezcla exclusiva entre “indios” y “españoles”, dio origen a la “raza cósmica”. Por otro lado, la participación de los “afrodescendientes” en la guerra de independencia también ha sufrido un tratamiento parcial y al margen de la realidad social al presentarlos como una comunidad identitaria aparte o los portadores de una supuesta conciencia racial reivindicativa y exclusiva. Desde una perspectiva matizada, este artículo muestra como negros y mulatos experimentaron identidades ambivalentes. Por una parte, estuvieron insertos en diversas identidades de las estructuras de antiguo régimen –por ejemplo, corporaciones y estamentos–. Por otra parte, tales identidades se usaban con una gran ductilidad y flexibilidad en el contexto novohispano. Este ensayo abunda en la complejidad de tales identidades en las que se vieron involucrados los negros y mulatos, o los “morenos” y “pardos”, desde su incorporación a los ejércitos hispanos hasta su participación en la revolución de independencia. De forma concreta, muestra que negros y mulatos formaron parte tanto de las fuerzas realistas como de las insurgentes en las regiones del Golfo y Pacífico durante el período 1767–1810.
El espíritu liberal: el Congreso por la Libertad de la Cultura en México
Authors: Carrasco Daniel Kent 
Published: November 2021

El artículo analiza la historia del Congreso por la Libertad de la Cultura (CLC) en México durante las décadas de 1950 y 1960. En base al análisis documentos localizados en los archivos de la International Association for Cultural Freedom, el ensayo plantea que el CLC contribuyó a cimentar la aceptación de un “espíritu liberal” –definido por ideales antiestatistas, “postideológicos” y antiutópicos– entre las élites intelectuales del México de la temprana Guerra Fría. Un argumento central del texto es que, a través de su promoción de este ideal, el CLC jugó un papel central en la conformación de las coordenadas del debate público en torno a las ideas de democracia, el autoritarismo y el comunismo durante las últimas décadas del siglo XX en México.
The discovery of structural elements and zones of hydrothermal alterations by using ASTER satellite data in the margins of Gadabay and Murovdag ore districts (Lesser Caucasus, Azerbaijan)
Authors: Mansurov Mamoy I. , Imamverdiyev Nazim A. , Karimov Vagif M. , Ganbarova Eyzangul F. , Damirov Turgay J. , Mursalov Samir S. , Pashayev Namet V. 
Published: November 2021

The article considers the discovery of structural elements, zones of hydrothermal alterations and mineralization in the margins of Gadabay and Murovdag regions and the study of prospective areas for mineralization characterized by them by using ASTER satellite data. The main purpose of the research is the definition of the lithological composition of rocks, ring and linear structures and zones of hydrothermal alterations with the help of remote-sensing methods and by better technological development of special radiometric data. In order to detect the lithological composition of associated rocks of alteration zone of endogenous ores, 14 channel data of ASTER has been used. By using stereoscopic images obtained from ASTER data, it was determined that hydrothermal alterations are mainly represented by alunitization, kaolinization, sericitization, silication, pyropilitization and silification in the studied ore regions. These changes were shown to be characteristic for copper-porphyry, gold- copper pyrite, copper-polymetal and gold-copper-porphyry deposits. Strip ratios, principal component analysis (PCA), minimum of noise fraction (MNF) and selection method for least squares (LS) have been used to map hydrothermal alteration zones. The ring structures detected in the area, different fault fractures and lineaments are assessed as favourable geological structural factors for alteration and mineralization. The results obtained by ASTER image analysis confirm the presence of derivative minerals which are considered to be the product of hydrothermal alterations which are densely concentrated (kalium spathization, kaolinization, serictization, pyrophyllitization, alunitization) has been confirmed. The points each with private coordinates have been determined (defined) within separate areas with the help of remote data and relevant anomalous maps prepared. These points are considered favourable geological condition in terms of the type and intensity of hydrothermal alterations in the area. Such areas are considered a sign of indirect search significant for the detection of copper-polymetallic, copper-porphyry, copper-pyrite and gold-pyrite type of mineralization with epithermal origin in the region.
Conditions of localization and patterns of distribution of gold-poly-metal mineralization of the Dagkesaman deposits (Lesser Caucasus, Azerbaijan)
Authors: Mansurov Mamoy I. , Kerimli Ulker I. , Guseynov Azer I. 
Published: November 2021

We studied the structural-morphological types and mineral composition of ore bodies, stages of ore development and conditions of development of the deposits. The research revealed significant elements of the corresponding conditions of localization of gold-polymetallic mineralization, the most characteristic being albitophyre subvolcanic bodies and steeply-dipping damages related to them. According to the structural-morphologic peculiarities, the ore bodies should be united under three categories: 1) simple vein; 2) complex vein; 3) veinlet-impregnation types. The positions of gold ore bodies and their morphological peculiarities were found to be determined by structural factors. Presence of small ruptures, differently-oriented systems of fractures and faults, which run across the area, gentle curves of these systems and other structural elements –all of this promotes gold ore development. There research determined aureoles of ore-containing altered rocks (serialization, chloritization, kaolization and calcinations, and limonitization from hypergenical zones) and presence of zonal structure. Gold-productive areas were identified as the quartz-pyrite association with disperse gold, and especially, the second mineral association where there is a notable close paragenetic connection between noticeable gold and chalcopyrite-galena parageneis of polymetallic stage. In the process of ore development, the physical-chemical conditions have presumably changed from average deep (quartz-pyrite-sericite) to shallow (quartz-galena- sphalerite-gold ore) and close-to-the-surface (quartz-chalcocite-hematite). Gold that occurs with all the mentioned minerals of this stage has developed in the temperature interval of 220–160 °C. The study found the ores to be complex, containing the following dditional elements: Fe, Cu, S, Bi, Zn, Pb, As, Se, Te. The main fossil component is gold. Industrially valuable are also cadmium, zink, copper and silver, found in the ores. We found the following morphological types of grains of native gold: homogenous, zonal, mono-granular, spotted, which are of great significance for concluding on genesis of the deposits, prognoses, explorations and assessments.
Rendimiento e inclusión de ensilaje de avena forrajera (Avena sativa L.) AV25 en dietas para ganado lechero (Bos primigenius Taurus)
Authors: Campuzano-Duque Luis Fernando , Castro-Rincón Edwin , Castillo-Sierra Javier , Torres-Cuesta Daniel , Nieto-Sierra David , Portillo-López Paola 
Published: November 2021

Introducción. Utilizar ensilaje de avena forrajera (Avena sativa L.) en la ganadería de leche en épocas deficitarias de alimento, permite mitigar pérdidas de biomasa por sequía en el trópico alto colombiano. Objetivos. 1) Determinar el rendimiento en materia seca (RMS) de cinco genotipos de avena forrajera y la estabilidad fenotípica y la calidad bromatológica de su ensilaje, y 2) evaluar la inclusión de ensilaje del genotipo AV25-T en dietas para ganado lechero. Materiales y métodos. Se realizaron en el trópico alto colombiano dos experimentos: 1) prueba de evaluación agronómica (octubre de 2016 a febrero de 2017) en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cinco genotipos, ocho localidades y cuatro repeticiones; se determinó el rendimiento en materia seca (RMS) y en ensilaje los contenidos de proteína, fibra en detergente neutro (FDN) y nutrientes totales digestibles (NTD) y 2) estudio de respuesta animal (enero 2018) con la inclusión del genotipo AV25-T en dietas, en un diseño Crossover simple con dos factores: animal (5) y dietas (3); las dietas fueron: D1: solo pradera; D2: 35 % de ensilaje AV25-T + pastoreo y D3: 65 % de ensilaje AV25-T + pastoreo. Se determinó en la leche la producción, la proteína, la grasa y los sólidos totales, y en el animal el cambio de peso. Resultados. AV25-T presentó adaptación con el mayor RMS. La inclusión de ensilaje de AV25-T en la dieta animal, mostró un cambio significativo en el peso del animal (0,1 y 0,25 kg con D2 y D3), el rendimiento de leche (27,2 - 29,7 L/vaca/día con D3 y D2) y el contenido de grasa (3,2 - 3,9 % con D3 y D2), sin detrimento en proteína y sólidos totales. Conclusión. El uso del ensilaje de avena forrajera AV25-T permitió en vacas lecheras Holstein incrementos en el peso animal, el rendimiento de leche y el contenido grasa sin afectar la proteína y los sólidos totales.