bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Politik Hukum Pidana Pengelolaan Eks Dana Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri Perdesaan (PNPM-MPd)
Authors: Wibowo Aris Tri , Madjid Abdul , Sulistyarini Rachmi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe management of the former PNPM-MPd funds does not yet have a legal umbrella, both laws, and regulations in other forms. Based on this, the authors see that there are legal problems, namely a legal vacuum (vacuum of Recht) regarding the management of former PNPM-MPd funds so that they have the potential to cause state financial losses (corruption). This paper includes normative juridical research with a statue approach and a conceptual approach. The results showed that the management of former PNPM-MPd funds was not explicitly regulated in statutory regulations. The potential for the occurrence of criminal acts of corruption to be exposed, as evidenced by the existence of criminal acts of corruption regarding the abuse of authority, resulting in losses to state finances. So that it takes legal politics to formulate the management of former PNPM-MPd funds so as not to harm state finances (the occurrence of criminal acts of corruption).Keywords: Political Law; Former Fund of the National Program for Rural Community Empowerment; Criminal Acts of Corruption.AbstrakPengelolaan eks dana PNPM-MPd belum memiliki payung hukum baik undang-undang maupun peraturan dalam bentuk yang lainnya. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penulis melihat terdapat permasalahan hukum yaitu kekosongan hukum (vacuum of recht) mengenai pengaturan pengelolaan eks dana PNPM-MPd sehingga berpotensi untuk menimbulkan kerugian keuangan negara (tindak pidana korupsi). Makalah ini termasuk penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statue approach), dan pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan eks dana PNPM-MPd tidak diatur secara eksplisit di dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Potensi terjadinya tindak pidana korupsi menjadi terbuka, terbukti dengan adanya tindak pidana korupsi mengenai penyalahgunaan kewenangan sehingga menimbulkan kerugian keuangan negara. Sehingga diperlukan politik hukum untuk melakukan formulasi pengelolaan eks dana PNPM-MPd agar tidak merugikan keuangan negara (terjadinya tindak pidana korupsi).Kata Kunci: Politik hukum; Eks Dana Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Perdesaan; Tindak Pidana Korupsi.
VEGF receptor promotes hypoxia-induced hematopoietic progenitor proliferation and differentiation
Authors: Florentin Jonathan , O’Neil Scott P. , Vasamsetti Sathish Babu , Ohayon Lee L. , Arunkumar Anagha , Ghosh Samit , Boatz Jennifer C. , Sui Justin , Kliment Corrine R. , Chan Stephen Y. , Dutta Partha 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Intermittent or chronic hypoxia is associated with morbidity and mortality in many diseases such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), respectively. We found exaggerated inflammation with heightened numbers of inflammatory leukocytes in these patients compared with age-matched controls. Chronically hypoxic mice exhibited similar trend and induced proliferation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC), precursors of inflammatory leukocytes. Consistently, a transcriptomic analysis of human HSPC exposed to hypoxic conditions revealed elevated expression of genes involved in progenitor mobilization. Additionally, bone marrow cells in mice under hypoxic conditions expressed high amount of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor (VEGFr) and its target genes in hypoxic conditions. In silico and ChIP experiments demonstrated that HIF-1⍺ binds to the promoter region of VEGFr. These results indicate that VEGF signaling in HSPC is an important mediator of their proliferation and differentiation in hypoxia-induced inflammation and represents a potential therapeutic target to prevent aberrant inflammation in hypoxia-associated diseases.
The Course of Biotinidase Activities After Neonatal Period in The Screened Newborns and Consequences of The Concordance With Their Genotypes.
Authors: Karaoglan Murat , Nacarkahya Gulper , Aytac Emel hatun , Keskin Mehmet 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background/aim: Biotinidase deficiency (BTD) is characterized by broad genotypic variants and unsteady biotinidase activity. Increasing enzyme activity and maturation throughout childhood. This study aims to reveal the course of biotinidase activities in a long-term follow-up period and concordance with their genotypes .Participants/Methods: A total of 1,773 biotinidase enzyme (BT) activity measurements were performed in 711 newborns with variants in the BTD gene over a 4-year follow-up period. Biochemical phenotyping was classified into four groups based on the highest measured enzyme activity level during the follow-up: Profound(≤10%), Partial(10.1-30%), Heterozygous(30.1-66.5%), and Normal(>66.6%). Results: The number of participants with BTD in the biochemical phenotype groups assigned based on the first measurement was 59, 217, 314, and 121 in the profound, partial, heterozygous, and normal groups respectively. Based on the highest measurement value during follow-up, the number and net changes of participants in groups were 22(-37), 95(-122), 333(+19), and 261(+140), respectively. The overall concordance between genotypes and biotinidase activities based on the highest measurement was 50.7%. A moderate correlation was found between the highest enzyme value and age (r=-0.573, p=0.002) in heterozygous plus normal biochemical phenotype groups in first months.Conclusion:This study shows that the biotinidase activities increase at a later age after neonatal period during long-term follow-up, and there is low concordance between the biochemical phenotype and their genotype. These findings indicate the important role of the monitoring the course of biotinidase enzyme activities for a longer period of time to determine the treatment decision.
Left Atrial Appendage Morphology and Function Show an Association with Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Simon Judit , Smit Jeff M. , Mahdiui Mohamed El , Száraz Lili , Rosendael Alexander R. van , Zsarnóczay Emese , Nagy Anikó Ilona , Kolossvary Márton , Szilveszter Bálint , Gellér László , Geest Rob J. van der , Bax Jeroen J. , Maurovich-Horvat Pál , Merkely Béla 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundWe aimed to correlate left atrial appendage (LAA) structure and function with the history of stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsWe analyzed data of 649 patients with AF who were scheduled for catheter ablation. Patients underwent cardiac CT and transesophageal echocardiography prior to ablation. LAA morphologies depicted by cardiac CT were categorized into four groups: cauliflower, chicken wing, swan and windsock shapes. ResultsMean age was 61.3±10.5 years, 33.9% were female. Prevalence of stroke/TIA was 7.1%. After adjustment for the main risk factors, LAA flow velocity ≤35.3 cm/sec (OR=2.18; 95%CI=1.09-4.61; p=0.033) and swan LAA shape (OR=2.69; 95%CI=0.96-6.86; p=0.047) independently associated with higher, while windsock LAA morphology with lower risk of stroke/TIA (OR=0.32; 95%CI=0.12-0.77; p=0.017) as compared to cauliflower LAA shape. When comparing the differences between LAA morphology groups, we measured significantly smaller LAA orifice area (389.3±137.7 mm2 in windsock vs 428.3±158.9 ml in cauliflower, p=0.021) and LAA volume (7.4±3.0 mm2 in windsock vs 8.5±4.8 mm2 in cauliflower, p=0.012) in patients with windsock LAA morphology, while LAA flow velocity did not differ significantly. ConclusionReduced LAA function and swan LAA morphology were independently associated with higher, while windsock LAA shape with lower prevalence of stroke/TIA. When comparing the differences between the various LAA morphology types, significantly lower LAA volume and LAA orifice area were measured in windsock LAA shape as compared to cauliflower LAA shape.
Assessment of LSTM, Conv2D and ConvLSTM2D Prediction Models for Long-Term Wind Speed and Direction Regression Analysis
Authors: Olaofe Zaccheus 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper assessed the model performance accuracies of 3 forecast-based architectures (Long Short-Term Memory, LSTM; Convolutional Neural Network, Conv2D and hybrid ConvLSTM2D) for multivariate inputs to multi-steps wind speed and direction forecasts. These high-level neural network-based architectures were setup with the Keras sequential models trained to learn the historical patterns from the processed weather input datasets. To build these forecast models, the sampled time series weather observations at different station heights were obtained and reshaped for network layer compatibility, while the Adamax algorithm for the network optimization was considered. The trained and evaluated model performances with different input data sequences (normalized/un-normalized) were assessed while the forecast results were also compared with the Actual and Conv1D models. Upon optimal network training, the Conv2D model returned MSE, MAE and RMSE estimated values of 0.82, 4.48 and 0.91 %, respectively; the LSTM model returned 1.03, 4.75 and 1.01 %; while the ConvLSTM2D model returned 2.11, 10.13 and 1.45 %, respectively. Also, Conv2D validated model values of 3.16, 14.73 and 1.77 % were obtained %, respectively; 3.21, 14.98 and 1.82, for the LSTM-based; while ConvLSTM2D model returned 3.27, 15.92 and 1.91 %, respectively. Studied finding results show that better prediction and evaluation could be achieved for all the trained model architectures as compared to the untrained models. Also, from the predicted model results, the Keras sequential models were found to be useful for replicating the time-series historical wind speed and direction based on the well-tuned model hyperparameters as well as the input sequence structure
Behaviour and Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer With Rare Metastatic Sites
Authors: Zuhdy Mohammad , Alghandour Reham , Hamdy Omar , Metwally Islam H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Ovarian cancer is the commonest gynecologic malignancy in Egypt. Although metastasis from ovarian cancer is common, there are still sites with rarely reported deposits as non-regional nodes, bone, and brain. Methods: This is a chorort study were we retrospectively a group of patients over 7 years period recruited from the data system of a cancer centre. All the recruited patients suffered a rare distant metastasis from ovarian cancer. Results: Nearly half of the patients already had metastasis at the time of the initial presentation, while the rest developed during the disease course. Debulking was feasible in nearly half of the patients with long overall and progression-free survival. Tumours with non-regional nodal metastases tend to have excellent survival. Conclusion: we recommend offering these patients optimal debulking and considering those with a non-regional nodal spread as having a curable disease.
Communication Bridge™-2 (CB2): A NIH Stage 2 randomized control trial of a speech-language intervention for communication impairments in individuals with mild to moderate primary progressive aphasia
Authors: Roberts Angela C. , Rademaker Alfred W. , Salley Elizabeth , Mooney Aimee , Morhardt Darby , Fried-Oken Melanie , Weintraub Sandra , Mesulam Marsel , Rogalski Emily 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background : Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) is a clinical dementia syndrome. Impairments in language (speaking, reading, writing, and understanding) are the primary and persistent symptoms. These impairments progress insidiously and devastate communication confidence, participation, and quality of life for persons living with PPA. Currently, there are no effective disease modifying treatments for PPA. Speech-language interventions hold promise for mitigating communication challenges and language symptoms. However, evidence regarding their efficacy in PPA is of low quality and there are currently no rigorous randomized control trials. Method : Communication Bridge™-2 (CB2) is a Stage 2, superiority, single-blind, randomized, parallel group, active-control, behavioral clinical trial delivered virtually within a telehealth service delivery model to individuals with PPA. Ninety carefully characterized participants with clinically confirmed PPA will be randomized to one of two speech-language intervention arms: 1) Communication Bridge™ a dyadic intervention based in communication participation therapy models that incorporates salient training stimuli or 2) the control intervention a non-dyadic intervention based in impairment therapy models addressing word retrieval and language production that incorporates fixed stimuli. The superiority of Communication Bridge™ over the Control arm will be evaluated using primary outcomes of communication confidence and participation. Other outcomes include accuracy for trained words and scripts. Participants complete two therapy blocks over a 12-month period. Outcomes will be measured at baseline, at each therapy block, and at 12-months post enrollment. Discussion : The CB2 trial will supply Level 2 evidence regarding the efficacy of the Communication Bridge™ intervention delivered in a telehealth service delivery model for individuals with mild to moderate PPA. An important by-product of the CB2 trial is that these data can be used to evaluate the efficacy of speech-language interventions delivered in both trial arms for persons with PPA. The impact of these data should not be overlooked as they will yield important insights examining why interventions work and for whom, which will advance effectiveness trials for speech-language interventions in PPA. Trial Registration: The CB2 trial was registered prospectively with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03371706) on December 13, 2017. Registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03371706
Identification of Resistance of Guangxi Oryza Rufipogon to Sogatella Furcifera with Stem Evaluation Method
Authors: wang xuan , guo xinying , luo liang , teng kaichong , fang yaoyu , zhao neng , liu fang , qin baoxiang , luo jijing , li rongbai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
White-backed planthopper (WBPH) is a devastating pest of rice, which significantly reduces production and causes millions of dollars in losses worldwide annually. Screening of germplasm resources with resistance to white-backed planthopper plays a crucial role in crop insect resistance breeding. In the present research, a total of 1080 accessions of Guangxi common wild rice(Oryza rufipogon) was screened for WBPH resistance through stem evaluation method (SEM). After preliminary screening, 49 resistance resources were identified, accounting for 4.54% of the total. After verified identification at the adult stage, 15 resistance resources with stable resistance to white-backed planthopper were finally obtained as resistant resources. The regional distribution analysis showed that the highest frequency of WBPH resistance resources appeared in Fusui county located in the upper reaches of Xijiang river(6.80%). Meanwhile, the highest frequency of the high resistance (HR and R) resources appeared in Pingnan located in lower reaches(2.79%). The 49 resistant accessions were genotyped for 43 SSR markers evenly distributed on the 12 chromosomes. The genetic diversity analysis showed a high polymorphism level of common wild rice populations. Fusui county possesses higher level of genetic diversity than the Yongning district and Pingnan county populations. The results from this study are essential to analyze resistance genes, cultivate insect-resistant varieties, and provide regional guidance for the exploration of resistance resources in the future.
A Selenamorpholine and Pyrimidine-based Redox-responsive Fluorescent Probe and Its Response Mechanism
Authors: Ma Tao , Li Yiyun , Ma Ling , Li Zhichun , Ma Wenbing , Yuan Changchun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A new type of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) fluorescent probe Pyrimidine-Se was synthesized from selenomorpholine and pyrimidinyl and the large Stokes shift (Δλ>140 nm) was exhibited. The fluorescence intensity of Pyrimidine-Se is very sensitive to pH, and its pKa value is 9.06. While the probe is reacted with H2O2, the selenomorpholine changes from Se (II) to Se (IV), which enhances the electron-withdrawing ability of the Pyrimidine-Se electron-withdrawing group. Based on this, the probe Pyrimidine-Se was used to detect H2O2 by the fluorescence spectrum. The detection limit of the probe Pyrimidine-Se was 1.3 µM. At the same time, we also found that Pyrimidine-Se displayed the reversibility back and forth between H2O2 and GSH. The reaction mechanism with H2O2 was verified by mass spectrometry and simulation on the Gaussian 09 program.
Urolithin A Inhibits Enterovirus 71 Replication and Promotes Autophagy and Apoptosis of Infected Cells in Vitro
Authors: Wang Shengyu , Qiao Junhua , Chen Yaping , Tian Langfei , Sun Xin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a serious threat to the health of infants, which can be caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71). The clinical symptoms are mostly self-limited, but some of them develop into aseptic meningitis with poor prognosis and even death. In this study, we screened Urolithin A (UroA), an intestinal metabolite of ellagic acid, significantly inhibited the replication of EV71 in cells. Further evaluation showed that UroA was better than ribavirin in CC50, IC50 and selection index (SI). Moreover, we found that UroA inhibits the proliferation of EV71 by promoting autophagy and apoptosis of infected cells. Therefore, UroA is a candidate drug for the treatment of EV71 infection.
The Role of in-Person Support Groups in the Management of Urinary Incontinence in Women from a Mixed-Methods, Randomized Pilot Study
Authors: Toma Gina , Carolan Alexandra , Buckner-Petty Skye , Vargas Laura , Wolter Christopher , Khan Aqsa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

To assess the feasibility and acceptability of in-person support groups as a potential intervention for female patients with urinary incontinence.
Methods

Women over the age of 18 seeking treatment for UI were randomized to standard care with support group participation or to standard care alone. All participants completed validated questionnaires at the beginning and conclusion of the study. Questionnaires were analyzed with repeated measures of ANOVA models in an intention-to-treat manner. Three moderated support group sessions were held and audio recorded. Recordings were transcribed and categorized by frequency into themes using grounded theory methodology.
Results

A total of 10 control and 8 intervention participants agreed to participate. Seven women attended all three support group sessions and were included in the final analysis. Transcripts from support group sessions observed women identified most with (1) urinary incontinence (UI) as a chronic disease, (2) shame managing UI, and (3) social constraints of toileting. Support participants self-reported appreciation of support group participation and desire for on-going sessions. Analysis of the questionnaires did not demonstrate statistically significant differences.
Conclusion

Data ascertained from questionnaires was unable to demonstrate a meaningful effect in improved treatment outcomes for control and intervention participants. Grounded theory analysis of transcripts identified four primary themes: (1) appreciation of the support group, (2) UI as a gendered issue, (3) lack of public awareness, and (4) history of negative provider interactions. All support group participants self-reported interest in attending future support group sessions.
Memantine for the Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease: A Pharmacological fMRI Study
Authors: Kawashima Shoji , Matsukawa Noriyuki , Group RCIP-Nagoya Study 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background:Mild cognitive impairment of Parkinson’s disease (PD-MCI) represents increased risk of future cognitive decline. The characteristics of PD-MCI are impairments in executive function and visuospatial recognition. The visuospatial n-back test has a merit that it can assess both cognitive domains. Concerning the treatment of PD-MCI and dementia in PD (PDD), many studies have reported efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors. Similarly, some studies reported efficacy of memantine for PDD, showing that it improved clinical status or behavioral symptoms. However, therapeutic evidence of memantine for PD-MCI has not been unestablished. Methods: We aimed to investigate whether memantine can alter brain function of the patients with PD-MCI, using functional MRI. In comparison between memantine and placebo, we explored the difference in regions associated with visuospatial n-back test. The 0-back test reflects visuospatial recognition, and the 1-back and 2-back tests reflect visuospatial working memory. This study followed a randomized double-blind crossover design. Patients in the memantine group were given memantine at 5 mg/day in the first week, and the dose was increased by 5 mg/day per week, with the final dose of 20 mg/day. The patients in the placebo group were given a placebo following the same regimen. The population in this study constitutes 10 patients who completed follow-up. During maximum dose administration, fMRI scanning and neuropsychological tests were performed. Group comparisons between memantine and placebo were performed.Results: There were no significant regions enhanced by memantine comparing with placebo at any load of n-back tests. In contrast, exploring regions reduced by memantine, we found significant reduction of activations within right lingual gyrus and left superior frontal gyrus in comparison between 2-back and 0-back test. A number of correct answers of the 2-back test and time to complete Trail Making Test-A were worse at memantine intervention. Reduced brain activations were associated with worse visuo-spatial working memory caused by memantine.Conclusions:This study reports memantine did not improve visuospatial working memory of the patients with PD-MCI. Treatment of PD should be planned carefully considering the impact for cognitive function. Further study is needed to establish new therapeutic strategy of the patients with PD-MCI.
Effect of Viewing Distance On Object Responses In Macaque Areas 45B, F5a And F5p
Authors: Caprara Irene , Janssen Peter 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
To perform tasks like grasping, the brain has to process visual object information so that the grip aperture can be adjusted before touching the object. Previous studies have demonstrated that the posterior subsector of the Anterior Intraparietal area (pAIP) is connected to area 45B, and its anterior counterpart (aAIP) to F5a. However, the role of area 45B and F5a in visually-guided grasping is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of area 45B, F5a and F5p in object processing during visually-guided grasping in two monkeys. If the presentation of an object activates a motor command related to the preshaping of the hand, as in F5p, such neurons should prefer objects presented within reachable distance. Conversely, neurons encoding a purely visual representation of an object – possibly in area 45B and F5a – should be less affected by viewing distance. Contrary to our expectations, we found that most neurons in area 45B were object- and viewing distance-selective (mostly Near-preferring). Area F5a showed much weaker object selectivity compared to 45B, with a similar preference for objects presented at the Near position. Finally, F5p neurons were less object selective and frequently Far-preferring. In sum, area 45B – but not F5p– prefers objects presented in peripersonal space.