bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Durability, Resilience and Sustainability in the Building Rehabilitation Process
Authors: Dabija Ana-Maria 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Where buildings are concerned, the term “sustainability” has been used for more than 30 years. It represents a process of designing, constructing and operating the building considering its environmental impact. A year after the major nuclear plant catastrophe from Chernobyl, the Brundtland Report defined sustainability as the actions that meet “the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”. A different disaster, a natural one – the Katrina hurricane – led, two decades later, to the addition of another building characteristic: “resilience”. It represents the capacity of a system to adapt after a shock. “Durability” may refer to different issues: the building materials, the building structure, its functionality of aesthetics. The more durable a building is - the more it lasts - the less it affects the environment. The more it lasts, the more resilient it is (as it withstands different types of stress). Technical durability, provided by building materials and structures, prevails over the functional durability. A good example is the case of the industrial buildings of the nineteenth century: constructed with solid masonry structures, these buildings have lost the original functions decades ago and they were subject of conversions that provided them a new life cycle. Withstanding the action of natural and anthropic agents, these buildings proved to be resilient and, by saving the natural resources, they can also be considered sustainable. Considering that in the next 30 years we will still face 70% of the current building stock, it is important how we deal with them, in order to provide, by rehabilitation, a new life cycle to the existing constructions. The paper tackles, from a critical perspective, some examples of good and bad practice in the building rehabilitation process.
Comparison of Hygrothermal Comfort and Life Cycle Between Recycled Plastic Block and Concrete Blocks in a Social Housing in The City of Cuenca
Authors: Genovez Paulo , Avila-Calle Marco , Morales Diego 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The qualitative and quantitative housing deficit in the city of Cuenca Ecuador is high, to provide help to the homeless, the Ecuadorian government decreed “Casa Para Todos” project in 2018. This type of housing focuses on providing an accessible alternative for people with limited resources, however, the type of housing that is granted does not comply with the conditions and materials that guarantee the comfort of the users. Additionally, there is a large percentage of plastic garbage that is collected every day by the city's cleaning system, part of it is recycled and another part is deposited in sanitary landfills due to poor handling within the recycling chain and process. The main objective of this research is to determine the hygrothermal comfort and life cycle of a housing prototype with recycled and processed plastic material for the manufacture of modules that together form the walls of the proposed houses. To achieve the proposed objective, traditional concrete block systems are compared to recycled plastic (polyethylene and polypropylene) walls, using the K coefficient (thermal conductivity) in the Desing Builder software, obtaining simulations of hygrothermal comfort and relative humidity. As a complement to the research, the analysis of the life cycle and environmental impact was carried out with the SimaPro software. As result of the simulations, it was obtained that the relative humidity in the analyzed environments, parents' bedroom, and living room, has a value of between 40 and 60% in the two construction systems, being within the comfort ranges. The internal temperature in the concrete block system fluctuates between 15 to 20 ° C while with the recycled block it is in the ranges of 17 to 20 ° C, which allows evidence that the house made up of recycled blocks has higher thermal gain in prolonged periods during the day and that the concrete block house has great heat losses due to the porosity of the material, so the use of recycled plastic blocks is recommended; deepen research on the life cycle and its environmental impact, as the results indicate that the recycled plastic block has a greater environmental impact in its life cycle than the concrete block.
Calculation of Collectors for Social Housing in Different Climate Floors of Ecuador
Authors: Reyes Pablo Daniel Ramírez , Duy Jorge Luis Arias , Torres Juan Carlos Cobos 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ecuador has significant potential in the renewable energy industry, to which solar energy contributes. The current investigation proposes a method to determine the savings when using solar collectors. The analysis is made for social housing projects located in different climate environments around the country: dry tropical megathermic (coast), semi-humid equatorial mesothermic (mountains), rainy megathermic (amazon), equatorial highlands (equatorial highlands). The cases studied are located in: Pasaje, El Oro; Cuenca, Azuay; Huamboya, Morona Santiago; and Chordeleg, Azuay. The method used in this research is an evaluation of drinking water per user demand (litter/person/day) which can determine the annual energetic demand. Furthermore, from the geographic location, the average solar radiation, and useful hours of sunshine are obtained. Then, these are used to obtain the available net annual energy. Furthermore, a relationship between demand and available energy is obtained for the solar collectors that satisfy the demand for the different locations studied. Finally, an analysis of the cost of implementing this technology and the projected savings in comparison to using hydrocarbons to heat domestic hot water is presented.
Feasibility of Expandable Polystyrene in the Construction of Housing of Social Interest in the City of Azogues
Authors: Lema Byron Lenin González , Tomalá Andrés Oswaldo Venegas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe lack of decent housing to settle down and have a family is one of the most relevant problems in Ecuador, currently the demographic expansion has made the population look for alternatives that are often limited by the lack of economic resources to acquire a house or apartment, it is thus that housing solutions financed and built by the State are so|ught to reduce the index of homelessness, however the construction costs that arise are high, before which alternatives are sought in terms of the materials of manufacturing, thus, the use of expandable polystyrene (EPS) in civil construction is giving great results in terms of comfort, energy reduction, price and other benefits. That is why the objective of this research work is to analyze the feasibility of the use of EPS in the construction of social housing (VIS) in the city of Azogues - Ecuador, and which are planned by the Ministry of Urban Development and Housing (MIDUVI). For which a bibliographic-documentary research methodology was used with a cross-sectional approach to studies about the use of EPS in construction. The results show that the quality of this material is highly reliable for its use in the construction of houses, so it must be used in the VIS projects executed by MIDUVI, which will generate great benefits for all the actors involved; In conclusion, there are several studies that give credit to the functionality that EPS offers, especially because it offers the possibility of being used with other traditional materials and giving a finished work of high quality in a short time.
Sustainable Urban Mobility Proposal for the Canton Sígsig Azuay Province
Authors: Vasquez Edison Fajardo , Contreras Christian , Sarmiento Jonnathan Figueroa 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis research work was carried out with the purpose of evaluating and proposing a sustainable model of human mobilization for the urban center of Sígsig canton, Azuay province, Ecuador; attending to the displacements, means of transfer and reasons for travel. In the same way, the most frequent origin and destination were categorized, which later made it possible to directly conceive the circulation routes and their incidents with the central flow of circulation, both pedestrian and motorized. Based on the collection of information on the requirements that had to be obtained to shape a sustainable model, it was proposed as a starting point for the identification and study of human mobilization, the collection of primary information through direct interview with the analysis of transfer variants and reasons for circulation of a total of 792 people passing through the urban center; allowing to have an approach on the most used means of travel and percentages of circulation, as well as the reference to the reasons for the trips. In the same way, based on secondary information from the PDOT (Territorial Planning Plan) of the Sígsig canton, the connection of the road axes that unload in the urban center was evidenced. Later, in the tabulation and analysis stage, the problems and their possible solutions on mobility and transfer activities were determined, prioritizing the means of transport used. Finally, it was found that a large part of the population tends to move on foot, followed by the use of commercial and private public transport, with a maximum of five passengers. In addition, the most frequent reasons for transfer are for study and work activities; activities that fully influence mobility, therefore, a model based on public transport is recommended that provides service to the most demanding sectors, based on the existing road pattern without breaking into the urban center.
Comparative Study Between the Management Models of Social Housing Programs: SAV-BID and SIV, of the Province of Azuay Between the Years 2010 - 2020
Authors: Abad María Alexandra Arias , Campoverde José David Quizhpe , Farfán Julio Pintado 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The creation of management models for the construction of Social Interest Houses in the province of Azuay has been one of the relevant actions to mitigate the existing housing deficit in the territory in the last ten years. Within this period, two management models have played a leading role: the SAV-BID National Social Housing Program and the SIV National Social Housing Program. Models created and promoted by the Ecuadorian State, with the help of various actors, that try to correct the housing problems present in the vulnerable socioeconomic strata of the country. With this background, a comparative study of the management models applied in Ecuador is proposed, through which the similarities and differences between each of them are evidenced, as well as the potentialities and weaknesses that have characterized them, both in their management as in your application. The study begins with a referential framework, where central issues are considered such as: characterization of the concept of Social Interest Housing, housing deficit in Ecuador, and the essential components required for the design and implementation of a housing management model, with the purpose to define and understand the context of the investigation. For the development of the study, a qualitative methodology is proposed, which uses a deductive-inductive system; where dimensions, sub-dimensions and variables are raised in order to approach the study of management models from the general to the particular. The dimensions are defined as the great considerations and aspects that determine the models; The subdimensions are the analysis components where the results of the execution and application of the models are produced, and the variables are made up of the unique aspects or particularities of the study. The results show similarities in the planning and structuring of the two models. However, there are differences in the source of financing and in the characteristics and obligations of the project stakeholders. The study concludes that there are some differences that have allowed the SAV BID National Housing Program management model to generate greater production of Social Interest Housing. These differences are closely related to the active and continuous participation of the managers or home builders, a fundamental aspect that has allowed the success of the projects developed through this management model.
An EMI radiation grouping approach based on spectral cluster in near filed scanning for assessment
Authors: Huang Quan , Wu Yuxin , Gao Yan , Fang Wenxiao , Yi Zhiqiang , Huang Yun , Lu Guoguang , Wang Kaiwei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With the ever-increasing operating frequency in integrated circuit, it is very essentialto assess the radiation used to help the IC designer. Based on the similarity of electromagnetic patterns obtained from the radiation of ICs and their nonlinear edge, we develop a post-processing technique to group the electromagnetic patterns. A near field scanning is performed to obtain and extract the electromagnetic pattern that is used to validate the technique. Experiment results show that it can accurately group the electromagnetic patterns by which radiation assessment can be performed.
Aircraft System State Recognition and Fault Prediction Based on a Test Diagnostic Model
Authors: Su Yan , Chen Hongcai , Gu Chenxuan , Xing Xiangyu , Liang Xuerui 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The existing testability models for fault prognosis of aircraft systems limit the implementation of prognosis and health management systems. This paper develops a test diagnosis modeling method and relevant algorithms to support dynamic testing and to evaluate fault prognostic ability during aircraft system design. According to the system principles and the complex function structure of aircraft systems, a test diagnostic model is established by integrating testing and prognostic information with a test diagnostic skeleton model using multi-signal flow. New test indexes are identified to assess the testability and prognostic ability of aircraft systems. Relevant state recognition and fault prediction algorithms are established by fusing the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm and Hidden Semi-Markov Model. The feasibility and validity of the test diagnostic modeling method and relevant algorithms are verified in an aircraft’s engine bleed air system. Training and test show that the model can support analysis and estimation, and the algorithms can ensure accurate results after training the HSMM using improved PSO algorithm.
Enhanced piezoelectricity of PVDF nanofibers via a plasticizer treatment for energy harvesting
Authors: Zaarour Bilal 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Enhancing the electrical outputs of energy harvesters is a great demand for researchers in recent years. In this work, the effect of the plasticizer treatment (Tetrahydrofuran [THF]) on the β phase content (F[β]) of electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fiber webs which are used as active layers to directly make a piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) is demonstrated. The results showed that during the plasticizer treatment, the F(β) of the web increases when the initial length of the web (L0) equals the distance between the two ends of the solid support (L) which the web fixed on it, whereas the F(β) decreases when L < L0 resulting in the formation of crimped fibers. Furthermore, the electrical outputs of the PENG based on the pristine web, and treated webs at different lengths are investigated. We believe this work can be used as a good reference for enhancing the electrical outputs of the PENG by enhancing the F (β) of PVDF nanofiber webs using a plasticizer treatment.
Cardiovascular disease preventive medication dispensing for almost every New Zealander 65 years and over: a preventive treatment paradox?
Authors: Wells Sue , Choi Yeunhyang , Jackson Rod , Parwaiz Mariam , Mehta Suneela , Selak Vanessa , Harwood Matire , Grey Corina , Kerse Ngaire , Poppe Katrina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective
To describe the dispensing of cardiovascular disease (CVD) preventive medications among older New Zealanders with and without prior CVD or diabetes.

Methods
New Zealanders aged ≥65 years in 2013 were identified using anonymised linkage of national administrative health databases. Dispensing of blood pressure lowering (BPL), lipid lowering (LL) or antithrombotic (AT) medications, was documented, stratified by age and by history of CVD, diabetes, or neither.

Results
Of the 593,549 people identified, 32% had prior CVD, 14% had diabetes (of whom half also had prior CVD) and 61% had neither diagnosis. For those with prior CVD, between 79–87% were dispensed BPL and 73–79% were dispensed AT medications, across all age groups. In contrast, LL dispensing was lower than either BPL or AT in every age group, falling from 75% at age 65–69 years to 43% at 85+ years. For people with diabetes, BPL and LL dispensing was similar to those with prior CVD, but AT dispensing was approximately 20% lower. Among people without prior CVD or diabetes, both BPL and AT dispensing increased with age (from 39% and 17% at age 65–69 years to 56% and 35% at 85+ years respectively), whereas LL dispensing was 26–31% across the 65–84 year age groups, falling to 17% at 85+ years.

Conclusion
The much higher dispensing of BPL and AT compared to LL medications with increasing age suggests a preventive treatment paradox for older people, with the medications most likely to cause adverse effects being dispensed most often.
Invited Commentary: Predicting Incidence Rates of Rare Cancers—Adding Epidemiologic and Spatial Contexts
Authors: Buller Ian D , Jones Rena R 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
There are unique challenges to identifying causes of and developing strategies for prevention of rare cancers, driven by the difficulty in estimating incidence, prevalence, and survival due to small case numbers. Using a Poisson modeling approach, Salmerón et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2022;191(3):487–498) built upon their previous work to estimate incidence rates of rare cancers in Europe using a Bayesian framework, establishing a uniform prior for a measure of variability for country-specific incidence rates. They offer a methodology with potential transferability to other settings with similar cancer surveillance infrastructure. However, the approach does not consider the spatiotemporal correlation of rare cancer case counts and other, potentially more appropriate nonnormal probability distributions. In this commentary, we discuss the implications of future work from cancer epidemiology and spatial epidemiology perspectives. We describe the possibility of developing prediction models tailored to each type of rare cancer; incorporating the spatial heterogeneity in at-risk populations, surveillance coverage, and risk factors in these predictions; and considering a modeling framework with which to address the inherent spatiotemporal components of these data. We note that extension of this methodology to estimate subcountry rates at provincial, state, or smaller geographic levels would be useful but would pose additional statistical challenges.
Mechanisms for improving phosphorus utilization efficiency in plants
Authors: Han Yang , White Philip J , Cheng Lingyun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Limitation of plant productivity by phosphorus (P) supply is widespread and will probably increase in the future. Relatively large amounts of P fertilizer are applied to sustain crop growth and development and to achieve high yields. However, with increasing P application, plant P efficiency generally declines, which results in greater losses of P to the environment with detrimental consequences for ecosystems.

Scope
A strategy for reducing P input and environmental losses while maintaining or increasing plant performance is the development of crops that take up P effectively from the soil (P acquisition efficiency) or promote productivity per unit of P taken up (P utilization efficiency). In this review, we describe current research on P metabolism and transport and its relevance for improving P utilization efficiency.

Conclusions
Enhanced P utilization efficiency can be achieved by optimal partitioning of cellular P and distributing P effectively between tissues, allowing maximum growth and biomass of harvestable plant parts. Knowledge of the mechanisms involved could help design and breed crops with greater P utilization efficiency.
Molecular persistent spectral image (Mol-PSI) representation for machine learning models in drug design
Authors: Jiang Peiran , Chi Ying , Li Xiao-Shuang , Meng Zhenyu , Liu Xiang , Hua Xian-Sheng , Xia Kelin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI)-based drug design has great promise to fundamentally change the landscape of the pharmaceutical industry. Even though there are great progress from handcrafted feature-based machine learning models, 3D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and graph neural networks, effective and efficient representations that characterize the structural, physical, chemical and biological properties of molecular structures and interactions remain to be a great challenge. Here, we propose an equal-sized molecular 2D image representation, known as the molecular persistent spectral image (Mol-PSI), and combine it with CNN model for AI-based drug design. Mol-PSI provides a unique one-to-one image representation for molecular structures and interactions. In general, deep models are empowered to achieve better performance with systematically organized representations in image format. A well-designed parallel CNN architecture for adapting Mol-PSIs is developed for protein–ligand binding affinity prediction. Our results, for the three most commonly used databases, including PDBbind-v2007, PDBbind-v2013 and PDBbind-v2016, are better than all traditional machine learning models, as far as we know. Our Mol-PSI model provides a powerful molecular representation that can be widely used in AI-based drug design and molecular data analysis.
Recognising children’s involvement in child and family therapy sessions: A microanalysis of audiovisual recordings of actual practice
Authors: Edman Kristina , Gustafsson Anna W , Cuadra Carin B 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Children’s right to involvement in practices that address their well-being is frequently highlighted, yet how children exercise involvement in face-to-face encounters has remained fairly unknown. To fulfil our aim of identifying, describing and defining children’s involvement, we conducted an inductive microanalysis of face-to-face dialogue on audiovisual recordings of naturally occurring therapy sessions with children attending social services departments and mental health clinics. The resulting operationalisation generated six dimensions of children’s involvement: participatory, directive, positional, emotional, agentive and narrative. By operationalising how children exercise involvement, we render the abstract concept more amenable to fine-grained analysis, systematic evaluation and criticism. The domains also offer tools to recognise children’s involvement in practice. Lastly, the article discusses practical implications and presents a compass for orientation. Since many conversational elements in institutional talks are generic, the dimensions are potentially transferable to other settings, including school counselling, child protection investigation and clinical psychology. A high inter-analyst agreement, together with similar findings on utterance functions and interactional dominance in other types of dialogues, also enhance the dimensions’ transferability.