bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between rumination, fatigue and psychological resilience among cancer survivors
Authors: Öcalan Sinem , Üzar‐Özçetin Yeter Sinem 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAim and objectivesThe study's purpose was to examine the association between rumination, fatigue and psychological resilience among cancer survivors.BackgroundCancer is a disease that causes difficult lives in individuals. Individuals can struggle with cancer‐related fatigue (CRF) and ruminative thoughts during and after the disease process. However, it can also be seen that some individuals make sense out of their cancer experience and turn into stronger individuals.DesignA cross‐sectional design.MethodsThis study was conducted from February through November 2020. Data were collected from 159 cancer survivors using Event Related Rumination Inventory, Cancer Fatigue Scale and Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale.ResultsThe findings showed that intrusive rumination significantly and negatively mediated psychological resilience but significantly and positively mediated with CRF. In contrast, deliberate rumination was significantly and positively mediated psychological resilience but significantly and negatively mediated with CRF. The effects of intrusive and deliberate rumination on fatigue were .431 (CI =0.042–0.635) and −.285 (CI = −0.163 to 0.491), respectively. In addition, the effects of intrusive and deliberate rumination on psychological resilience were −.253 (CI = −0.177 to 0.447) and .304 (CI = 0.045–0.124), respectively.ConclusionsThe findings underline the mediating role of rumination on CRF and psychological resilience among cancer survivors. The findings also delineate the associations between rumination, CRF and psychological resilience, which differ based on rumination type.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings are particularly important to oncology nurses, who are the main sources of psychosocial care. To support cancer survivors and mobilise their resources, oncology nurses should be made aware of the different types and effects of rumination. With the help of this awareness, oncology nurses can enhance managing intrusive rumination, replacing intrusive ruminations with deliberate ones, mobilising resources and promoting psychological resilience.
It's about time: investigating the temporal in socio‐legal studies through unstructured interviews
Authors: MULCAHY LINDA , ROSSNER MEREDITH , TSALAPATANIS ANNA 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article looks at a methodology that is often neglected in discussions about gathering qualitative data in socio‐legal circles in favour of the ubiquitous semi‐structured interview. We argue that the unstructured interview is underpinned by distinctive ideas about the autonomy of the subject in research and is particularly well suited to the ‘bottom‐up’ approach favoured in much law and society scholarship. The unstructured interview, with its focus on interviewee‐led narratives and structure, is ideal for elusive or under‐researched concepts. In this article, we outline its benefits by using the example of researching the highly subjective notion of time. In doing so, we make the case that methodologies can never be discussed in isolation but rather only in response to the issues thrown up by a particular set of research questions.
Black Emotions Matter: Understanding the Impact of Racial Oppression on Black Youth’s Emotional Development
Authors: Lozada Fantasy T. , Riley Tennisha N. , Catherine Evandra , Brown Deon W. 
Published: December 2021

Black US Americans’ emotions are subject to stereotypes about the anger and aggression of Black people. These stereotypes are readily applied to Black adolescents’ emotions. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to operationalize racial oppression in the emotional lives of Black adolescents through an application of García Coll et al.'s (1996) ecological model for minority youth development. We specify emotionally inhibitive features of Black adolescents’ schools, the adaptive culture of Black Americans in the United States that responds to emotional inhibition, Black families’ emotion socialization processes, and Black adolescents’ emotional flexibility behaviors. Throughout, we integrate findings from research on Black adolescents’ emotional adjustment with research on cultural values, emotion and racial socialization, school‐based racial experiences, and theory on emotion and cultural navigation.
Home is where the history is: How today's migration in Germany is shaped by regional identity
Authors: Kremer Anna 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPeople are emotionally attached to places and make economic decisions accordingly. I, therefore, study the effect of regional identity on internal migration flows in Germany between 1995 and 2017. Regional identity is proxied by measuring the historical affiliation of NUTS3 regions in the former patchwork of German states. I confirm that historical affiliation determines migration patterns and control for the influence of distance, culture (measured by dialects) and regional characteristics in a gravity model. Exploiting the separation effect of the Berlin Wall confirms that regional identity has a stronger impact on movements than previous migration or family bonds.
In ovo threonine supplementation affects ileal gene expression of nutrient transporters in broilers inoculated post‐hatch with Salmonella Enteritidis
Authors: Andrade Maria de Fátima de Souza , Moreira Filho Alexandre Lemos de Barros , Alves da Silva Eudes Fernando , Silva José Humberto Vilar da , Freitas Neto Oliveiro Caetano de , de Oliveira Celso José Bruno , Givisiez Patrícia Emília Naves 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe effect of in ovo threonine (Thr) supplementation on the ileal expression of glucose, peptide and amino acid transporters was assessed in Salmonella Enteritidis‐challenged broiler chicks. At 17.5 days of incubation, fertile eggs were supplemented in the amniotic fluid with sterile saline or 3.5% threonine. Hatchlings were individually weighed, and Salmonella Enteritidis negative status was confirmed. At 2 days of age, half of the birds of each group were inoculated with sterile nutrient broth or Salmonella Enteritidis inoculum. Relative expression of sodium‐dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1), glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), di‐ and tri‐peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) and alanine, serine, cysteine, threonine transporter (ASCT1) was assessed at hatch, 2 and 9 days of age, i.e., before inoculation and 7 days post‐inoculation (dpi). At 9 days of age (7dpi), threonine increased SGLT1 and GLUT2 expression, whereas GLUT2 expression decreased in Salmonella‐challenged birds. There was a significant interaction between threonine and Salmonella for PepT1 and ASCT1. Threonine increased PepT1 expression only in non‐challenged birds. In addition, in ovo supplementation increased expression of ASCT1 regardless of post‐hatch inoculation; Salmonella inoculation resulted in decreased expression of ASCT1 only in supplemented birds. The results suggest that while intra‐amniotic threonine administration in broiler embryos increases the expression of genes related to the absorption of monosaccharides and amino acids, Salmonella challenge may negatively affect the expression of protein related transporters in the ileum of broilers.
The liquid Kangfuxin (KFX) has efficient antifungal activity and can be used in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis in mice
Authors: Ma J. , Yang Y.-C. , Su L.-Q. , Qin D.-M. , Yuan K. , Zhang Y. , Wang R.-R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is an infectious disease caused mainly by Candida albicans. Kangfuxin (KFX) is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation made from Periplaneta americana extracts, which promotes wound healing and enhances body immunity and also acts as an antifungal agent. Here, we evaluated the effect of KFX in the treatment of VVC in vitro and in vivo. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50) of KFX against C. albicans ranged from 7·65 to 20·57%. In addition, KFX was more efficient than fluconazole (FLC) in inhibiting the drug-resistant C. albicans, and the effect was more intense after 8 h. The KFX treatment also exhibited good activity in vivo. It restored the body weight and reduced the vulvovaginal symptoms in mice induced with VVC. It downregulated the expression of the hyphae-related gene, HWP1, thus inhibiting the growth and development of C. albicans hyphae. It also increased the number of neutrophils and promoted the secretion of interleukin-17A (IL-17A); however, the levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) decreased in mice with VVC. We deduce that KFX effectively treats vaginal candidiasis in two ways: by inhibiting the growth and development of mycelia to reduce colonization of C. albicans and by promoting the secretion and release of IL-17A and neutrophils in high numbers to fight C. albicans infection. This study provides a theoretical basis for the use of KFX for the clinical treatment of VVC.
Cultivating expertise: Glossing Shakespeare and race
Authors: Akhimie Patricia 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTracing connections between research methodologies and classroom practices in the study of Shakespeare and race, this essay argues for the importance of offering students’ opportunities to build and demonstrate expertise. The essay discusses the use of a glossary exercise in classes on race and early modern literature, and the learning objectives for such courses. Finally, the essay offers a critique of such courses as commonly structured and suggestions for new directions in teaching race in literature from this period.
Rejected: Introducing the stakes of premodern critical race studies
Authors: Thompson Ayanna 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCan we talk about race in periods, literatures, and cultures before the Enlightenment? What archives are available, lost, forgotten, or suppressed? What methodologies work across historical and geographic periods? What can Americanists learn from medieval and early modern scholars? And how can we transmit this knowledge into our pedagogies and classrooms? This special edition, “Premodern Critical Race Studies,” stems from the first RaceB4Race symposium held in January 2019 at Arizona State University. RaceB4Race brought together medieval and early modern scholars who push our fields in new archival, theoretical, and practical directions with race at the heart of the inquiries and frameworks. Collectively, the essays move between archival, methodological, theoretical, and pedagogical lenses, encouraging us to think critically about the ways that premodern critical race scholars function as activists in our fields and in our communities: many of us explicitly embrace the position of the scholar‐activist.
Utilization patterns, outcomes and costs of a simplified acute malnutrition treatment programme in Burkina Faso
Authors: Sato Ryoko , Daures Maguy , Phelan Kevin , Shepherd Susan , Kinda Moumouni , Becquet Renaud , Hecht Robert , Resch Stephen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAccess to treatment for acute malnutrition remains a challenge, in part due to the fragmentation of treatment programmes based on case severity. This paper evaluates utilization patterns, outcomes and associated costs for treating acute malnutrition cases among a cohort of children in Burkina Faso. This study is a secondary analysis of a proof‐of‐concept trial, called Optimizing treatment for acute Malnutrition (OptiMA), conducted in Burkina Faso in 2016. A total of 4958 eligible children whose mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) was less than 125 mm or with oedema were followed weekly and given ready‐to‐use therapeutic foods (RUTF). We evaluated the service utilization and outcomes among patients and estimated resource use and variable cost per patient, and examined factors driving variation in resource use. Children with lower initial MUAC level grew faster but required more time to recover than those with higher initial MUAC level. They also had higher rates of death, default and nonresponse. The simplified OptiMA approach for treating acute malnutrition achieved high rates of recovery overall (84%), especially among less severe cases, with modest quantities of RUTF. The average overall variable cost per child admitted was US$38.0 (SD: 20.5) half of which was accounted for by the cost of RUTF. Cost per recovered case was correlated with case severity, ranging from US$35.1 to US$132.8. If simplified integrated programmes using severity‐based RUTF dosing can increase access to treatment at earlier, less severe stages of acute malnutrition, they can help avoid more serious and costlier cases.
Diagnostic accuracy of 1p/19q codeletion tests in oligodendroglioma: A comprehensive meta‐analysis based on a Cochrane systematic review
Authors: Brandner Sebastian , McAleenan Alexandra , Jones Hayley E. , Kernohan Ashleigh , Robinson Tomos , Schmidt Lena , Dawson Sarah , Kelly Claire , Leal Emmelyn Spencer , Faulkner Claire L. , Palmer Abigail , Wragg Christopher , Jefferies Sarah , Vale Luke , Higgins Julian P. T. , Kurian Kathreena M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCodeletion of chromosomal arms 1p and 19q, in conjunction with a mutation in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 or 2 gene, is the molecular diagnostic criterion for oligodendroglioma, IDH mutant and 1p/19q codeleted. 1p/19q codeletion is a diagnostic marker and allows prognostication and prediction of the best drug response within IDH‐mutant tumours. We performed a Cochrane review and simple economic analysis to establish the most sensitive, specific and cost‐effective techniques for determining 1p/19q codeletion status. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based loss of heterozygosity (LOH) test methods were considered as reference standard. Most techniques (FISH, chromogenic in situ hybridisation [CISH], PCR, real‐time PCR, multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification [MLPA], single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] array, comparative genomic hybridisation [CGH], array CGH, next‐generation sequencing [NGS], mass spectrometry and NanoString) showed good sensitivity (few false negatives) for detection of 1p/19q codeletions in glioma, irrespective of whether FISH or PCR‐based LOH was used as the reference standard. Both NGS and SNP array had a high specificity (fewer false positives) for 1p/19q codeletion when considered against FISH as the reference standard. Our findings suggest that G banding is not a suitable test for 1p/19q analysis. Within these limits, considering cost per diagnosis and using FISH as a reference, MLPA was marginally more cost‐effective than other tests, although these economic analyses were limited by the range of available parameters, time horizon and data from multiple healthcare organisations.
Porphyromonas gingivalis indirectly elicits intestinal inflammation by altering the gut microbiota and disrupting epithelial barrier function through IL9‐producing CD4+ T cells
Authors: Sohn Jiho , Li Lu , Zhang Lixia , Settem Rajendra P. , Honma Kiyonobu , Sharma Ashu , Falkner Karen L. , Novak Jan M. , Sun Yijun , Kirkwood Keith L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRecent epidemiological studies have shown that inflammatory bowel disease is associated with periodontal disease. The oral–gut microbiota axis is a potential mechanism intersecting the two diseases. Porphyromonas gingivalis is currently considered a keystone oral pathogen involved in periodontal disease pathogenesis and disease progression. Recent studies have shown that oral ingestion of P. gingivalis leads to intestinal inflammation. However, the molecular underpinnings of P. gingivalis‐mediated gut inflammation have remained elusive. In this study, we show that the oral administration of P. gingivalis indeed leads to ileal inflammation and alteration in gut microbiota with significant reduction in bacterial alpha diversity despite the absence of P. gingivalis in the lower gastrointestinal tract. Utilizing an antibiotic‐conditioned mouse model, cecal microbiota transfer experiments were performed to demonstrate that P. gingivalis‐induced dysbiotic gut microbiota is sufficient to reproduce gut pathology. Furthermore, we observed a significant expansion in small intestinal lamina propria IL9+ CD4+ T cells, which was negatively correlated with both bacterial and fungal alpha diversity, signifying that P. gingivalis‐mediated intestinal inflammation may be due to the subsequent loss of gut microbial diversity. Finally, we detected changes in gene expression related to gut epithelial barrier function, showing the potential downstream effect of intestinal IL9+CD4+ T‐cell induction. This study for the first time showed the mechanism behind P. gingivalis‐mediated intestinal inflammation where P. gingivalis indirectly induces intestinal IL9+ CD4+ T cells and inflammation by altering the gut microbiota. Understanding the mechanism of P. gingivalis‐mediated intestinal inflammation may lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches to alleviate the morbidity from inflammatory bowel disease patients with periodontal disease.
Fine mapping of the RSC9 gene and preliminary functional analysis of candidate resistance genes in soybean (Glycine max)
Authors: Shen Ying , Xie Lijun , Chen Boyu , Cai Han , Chen Yuanyuan , Zhi Haijian , Li Kai 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSoybean mosaic virus (SMV) disease is one of the main diseases affecting soybean and can cause severe soybean yield declines and seed quality deterioration. In the present study, a large F2 population (1002 individual plants) and recombinant inbred lines (RILs, 427 lines) obtained by crossing the resistant variety ‘Kefeng‐1’ with the susceptible variety ‘NN 1138‐2’ were used to fine map genes conferring resistance to the SMV strain SC9, which is common in soybean‐producing areas of Southern China. The results showed that the resistance gene RSC9 was located in a region of approximately 163 kb on chromosome 2, which is closely associated with two simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, BARCSOYSSR_02_0610 and BARCSOYSSR_02_0618. Eleven candidate genes were included in this genomic region. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) analysis showed that the expression levels of seven of the 11 candidate genes differed significantly between ‘Kefeng‐1’ and ‘NN 1138‐2’. Two of these genes with typical disease resistance domains encoding STK protein kinases (Glyma.02g121900 and Glyma.02g122000) and one gene involved in an atypical disease resistance mechanism related to the ribonuclease H protein (LOC100812666) were selected for further research. Tissue‐specific expression analysis showed that all three of the genes exhibited the highest expression levels in the leaves of ‘Kefeng‐1’. In NN 1138‐2, Glyma.02g121900 and Glyma.02g122000 showed the highest expression in stems, and LOC100812666 showed the highest expression in roots. Subcellular localization analysis showed that Glyma.02g121900 was expressed on the cytomembrane and nuclear membrane, Glyma.02g122000 was expressed on the cytomembrane, and LOC100812666 was expressed on the cytomembrane, nucleus and mitochondria. Virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) reduced the expression of the Glyma.02g121900, Glyma.02g122000 and LOC100812666 genes in Kefeng‐1 by 77%, 70% and 75%, and their expression levels in ‘NN1138‐2’ were downregulated by 65%, 97% and 75%, respectively. After silencing these three genes in ‘Kefeng‐1’, only LOC100812666‐silenced plants exhibited significant SMV accumulation when inoculated with SMV‐SC9, with the levels being approximately seven folds higher than those in plants carrying the empty vector pBPMV‐V2. The accumulation of SMV in the SiGm2000 and SiGmLoc666 plants of NN1138‐2 inoculated with SMV‐SC9 was increased by approximately 7‐ and 13‐fold, respectively, compared with that in pBPMV‐V2 plants, but the accumulation in SiGm1900 plants was not significantly altered. Based on the above results, we concluded that Glyma.02g122000 and LOC100812666 may be involved in the conditioning of soybean resistance to SMV SC9.
Interstrand Crosslinking Involving Guanine: A New Major UVC Laser‐Induced Biphotonic Oxidatively Generated DNA Damage†
Authors: Angelov Dimitar , Lone Imtiaz Nisar , Menoni Hervé , Cadet Jean 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTSeveral classes of oxidatively generated DNA damage including oxidized purine and pyrimidine bases, interstrand base crosslinks and DNA‐protein crosslinks have been previously shown to be generated in both isolated DNA and cellular DNA upon exposure to either 266‐nm laser irradiation or one‐electron oxidants. In this study, we provide evidence that biphotonic ionization of guanine bases by UVC laser irradiation of double‐stranded deoxyoligonucleotides in aerated aqueous solutions induces the formation of interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). This is supported by various experiments including sequencing gel analyses of formed photoproducts and effects of UVC laser intensity on their formation. This constitutes a novel example of the diversity of reactions of guanine radical cation that can be generated by various one‐electron oxidants including UVC laser biphotonic ionization, direct effect of ionization radiation and type I photosensitizers. However, the exact structure of the interstrand base adducts that is a challenging analytical issue remains to be further established. Examples of relevant biochemical/structural applications of biphotonic induction of ICLs in DNA samples by high‐intensity UVC laser pulses are provided.
Genome‐wide discovery ofDNApolymorphisms via resequencing of chickpea cultivars with contrasting response to drought stress
Authors: Rajkumar Mohan Singh , Garg Rohini , Jain Mukesh 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDrought stress limits plant growth, resulting in a significant yield loss in chickpea. The diversification in genome sequence and selective sweep of allele(s) in different genotypes of a crop plant may play an important role in the determination of agronomic traits, including drought stress response. We investigated, via whole genome resequencing, the DNA polymorphisms between two sets of chickpea genotypes with contrasting drought stress responses (3 drought‐sensitive vs. 6 drought‐tolerant). In total, 36,406 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 3407 insertions or deletions (InDels) differentiating drought‐sensitive and drought‐tolerant chickpea genotypes were identified. Interestingly, most (91%) of these DNA polymorphisms were located in chromosomes 1 and 4. The genes harboring DNA polymorphisms in their promoter and/or coding regions and exhibiting differential expression under control and/or drought stress conditions between/within the drought‐sensitive and tolerant genotypes were found implicated in the stress response. Furthermore, we identified DNA polymorphisms within thecis‐regulatory motifs in the promoter region of abiotic stress‐related and QTL‐associated genes, which might contribute to the differential expression of the candidate drought‐responsive genes. In addition, we revealed the effect of nonsynonymous SNPs on mutational sensitivity and stability of the encoded proteins. Taken together, we identified DNA polymorphisms having relevance in drought stress response and revealed candidate genes to engineer drought tolerance in chickpea.