bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of RC delay time for estimation of thermal properties
Authors: Jena Priyanka , Gupta Rajesh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The analogy between the electrical and thermal system has been extensively used to solve different kinds of direct heat transfer problems. However, this analogy has not been explored much to obtain solutions of inverse heat transfer problems like estimation of thermal properties. This paper presents an approach of estimation of thermal properties using the correspondence between the thermal and electrical domains by exploiting the concept of RC delay time in the resistance-capacitance (RC) circuit. Simulations and experiments have been performed on stainless steel and glass samples to show the applicability of the proposed approach for materials belonging to different conductivity range.
The influence of solar heating upon ground temperature
Authors: Sousa A M , Azevedo L , Pereira M J , Matos H A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To predict the superficial ground temperature due to solar radiation as a function of the depth and rock physical properties, the Finite Volume Method was employed upon an energy conservation model. ANSYS Transient Thermal was selected to simulate a 3D geological volume, 1625 m wide, 2000 m long and with variable height as a function of topographical data. As a result, the variability of ground temperature during a 24h day was assessed. A set of climatological data was used to evaluate the ground temperature for the colder periods. The numerical results were compared against the Kusuda and Achenbach’s analytical solution to evaluate the possibility of extending the validity of a widely used method, from daily to intraday data.
Vibration transmission simulation model of a seated vehicle passenger
Authors: Ho I , Abu Bakar N Z 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The paper presents development of vertical vibration simulation for a seated passenger in a moving vehicle is resulting from the bounce effect of the vehicle under various conditions. Although extensive research has been conducted in this field of study, the existing analysis were conducted on either the suspension of vehicle or the human body and not both. In this paper, the simulation model consists of three sub-systems, namely, vehicle suspension, seat suspension and human body model in which the vertical vibration is transmitted. By incorporating these sub-systems into the simulation, a correlation between mechanical and biological aspects can be formed between the three sub-systems. The transmission of vertical vibration in the validated simulation model provides a more realistic approach which can result to a better comparison to the real-life scenario. Parametric analysis of passive suspension system shows that lower mass ratio, higher stiffness ratio and lower damping coefficient results in better ride comfort. The incorporation of variable damper into the suspension system shows significant improvement in settling time, peak displacement and velocity, lesser discomfort rating and higher safety in passenger body.
Geometry design and optimization of piston by using finite element method
Authors: Lee Z R , Ku P X 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The piston performance may be impacted by piston geometry, stress, temperature and deformation applied. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the changes of piston performance with different piston head designs. Besides, the piston is optimized by using topology optimization to remove excessive material. The study was carried out by using the dimension of a piston based on the cylinder of a spark ignition engine. The four piston head designs are flat-top piston, bowl piston, square bowl piston and dome piston. All four piston designs were modelled by using Solidworks. Static Structural and Steady State Thermal Analysis in ANSYS Workbench were used to analyze the piston performance. The measured parameters are stress, deformation and temperature distribution. Next, optimization of piston was done by using topology optimization to identify non-essential parts that can be removed. The optimized piston design was analyzed. The findings for the original and optimized piston geometries were tabulated to make comparison. It is found that bowl piston has lower stress, deformation and temperature. The stress, deformation and temperature of optimized piston is lower than original piston. The mass of optimized piston is about 5 percent lesser than the original piston.
Effect of Infill Pattern and Lattice Structure on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Metal Polylactide Filament
Authors: Umapathi Rishitena , Lim Joon Hoong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this given research is to study the mechanical properties of the printed metal polylactide filament due to the recent growth of 3D printing technology. It had been widely used in many industries, but some consequences influence the material properties of printed parts and cause anisotropy. The consequences mentioned are based on parameters that have been involved in causing changes in the mechanical properties of the printed specimen such as the infill pattern, infill density, printing temperature, surrounding temperature, printing orientation, and printing speed. This paper will emphasize more on the infill patterns and choosing the better infill pattern for a printed material using copper metal polylactide (PLA) filament in terms of better strength. The strength of the printed material can be analysed using the tensile test method according to ASTM D68-10 standards. so that Young’s Modulus can be evaluated based on stress and strain data collected from each specimen that has been tested. This experiment is conducted twice using PLA and copper metal PLA whereby the PLA is used as a comparison towards copper metal PLA. Based on previous studies shows honeycomb has the strongest infill pattern but after running through the certain test it is found out that grid pattern has the qualities for FDM processes which will be discussed further.
Modelling and analysis of vienna rectifier for more electric aircraft applications using wide band-gap materials
Authors: Loong Ling Jin , Vaithilingam Chockalingam Aravind , Rajendran Gowthamraj , Muneeswaran Venkatkumar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive study on the switching effects of wide bandgap devices and the importance of power electronics in an aircraft application. Silicon (Si), silicon carbide (SiC), and gallium nitride (GaN) are wide bandgap devices that act as a power electronic switch in the AC-DC converter for More Electric Aircraft (MEA) applications. Therefore, it is important to observe their converting efficiency to identify the most suitable wide bandgap device among three devices for AC-DC converters in aircraft applications to provide high efficiency and high-power density. In this study, the characteristics of Si, SIC, and GaN devices are simulated using PSIM software. Also, this paper presents the performance of the Vienna rectifier for aircraft application. The Vienna rectifier using Si, SiC, and GaN devices are simulated using PSIM software for aircraft application. GaN with Vienna rectifier provides better performance than Si and SiC devices for aircraft applications among the three devices. It gives high efficiency, high power density, low input current THD to meet IEEE-519 standard, and high-power factor at mains.
Evaluating Quality Characteristics of Ubiquitous Application Through Means of Quality Models using Meta-metrics Approach
Authors: Hamzah N , Chuprat S , Dwi Handayani D O , Xiaoxi K , Nagappan S D 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ubiquitous computing shifted the way how users interact with applications. The demand of information anytime and anywhere impacts the daily life of its users, be it work related or personal. Difficulty arises when determining the quality of ubiquitous application due to lack in appropriate metrics of quality models, which serves as the motivation behind this paper. The aim of this paper is to assess the quality of ubiquitous application using comparative analysis of quality model metrics via meta-metrics approach. Preliminary review mapping was conducted where distinctive quality characteristics of ubiquitous applications from AQUARIUM model are identified. Metrics mapping was then conducted to compare metrics characteristics with quality characteristics via value assignment using meta-metrics technique. Results shows that most of the metrics mapped are not of definitive derivation, providing opportunity to have a more structured and defined measurement function.
Effect of Perforation Volume on Acoustic Absorption of the 3D Printed Micro-Perforated Panels made of Polylactic Acid reinforced with Wood Fibers
Authors: Sekar V , Eh Noum S Y , Sivanesan S , Putra A , Kassim Dg H , Wong Y S , Chin K C 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn recent times, Additive Manufacturing (AM) has been applied rapidly in almost all fields. This study was conducted to apply the additive manufacturing into an acoustic application by 3D printing the Micro-Perforated Panels (MPP) through Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) made of Polylactic Acid (PLA) reinforced with wood fibers. MPP were fabricated by altering its perforation volume. Later, the effect of perforation volume on acoustic absorption of the fabricated MPP was measured using the two-microphone impedance tube method as per ISO 10534-2 standard. The result shows altering the perforation volume affects the acoustic absorption of the MPP. MPP with a thickness of 2 mm and a perforation diameter of 0.2 mm shows the maximum sound absorption coefficient of 0.93 at 2173 Hz. It is made possible to absorb the 3D printed MPP made of natural fiber reinforced composite at different spectrums by altering the perforation volume.
Liquefaction alarm prototype using arduino uno microcontroller
Authors: Saehana S , Lala A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aims to create an alarm tool that can detect disasters such as earthquakes and liquefaction in Palu City. It was laboratory research conducted in Sub department of Physics Education, Tadulako University. Research and experiments with modelling tools were conducted to simulate soil conditions during the earthquake and liquefaction. The research sample was focused on soil samples that have been affected by liquefaction disasters. The method used was the waterfall with the procedures of requirements analysis, system design, implementation, and testing of Arduino programs and software as ground movement monitoring. This study indicated that a liquefaction alarm prototype using a microcontroller component in the form of Arduino Uno, soil moisture sensor, and MPU6050 sensor could detect a natural liquefaction disaster was signed by a siren sound.
DSSC with PEDOT-Carrageenan Electrolyte as Learning Media for Photovoltaic Concept Physics
Authors: Sari N , Palamba A J , Saehana S , Diah A W M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aims to create a DSSC using PEDOT-Carrageenan-based electrolyte as a learning media for photovoltaic physics concepts. This research was experimental research conducted in the laboratory of subdepartment of physics education, Tadulako University. In this study, DSSC making process used a substrate made from TCO-FTO polymer. The TiO2 photoelectrode layer was deposited using the doctor blade technique and Ruthenizer as a dye-sensitizer and the platinum layer was deposited on the counter electrode using the sputtering technique. Process parameters that affect the characteristics of solar cells were analyzed and measured using the I-V characteristic curve. The samples measured consisted of several types of PEDOT-Carrageenan electrolytes, including Kappa, Lambda and Iota. The results of voltage measurements of each sample of the DSSC prototype were obtained quite well at a voltage of 91.8 mV using PEDOT-Carrageenan Kappa 1:2 electrolyte and the short circuit current obtained reached 57.6 uA. The best solar cell prototype produces an efficiency of 0.0003333728 %. It indicates that DSSC can be made by PEDOT-Carragenan electrolyte and can be used as a learning tool for photovoltaic physics concepts.
The analysis of student kinesthetic learning activity on the materials of Compton and photoelectric effects
Authors: Saehana S , Werdhiana I K , Safitri N S , Saputra O , Safira N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aims to analyze the kinesthetic learning activities of students on Compton and photoelectric effects. This further involved a qualitative descriptive study, where students of class XII Mathematical and Natural Science 2, State of Madrasah Aliyah in Palu Region (Central of Sulawesi, Indonesia), were the sample population examined, in the odd semester of 2018/2019 academic session. Data was obtained through observation of learning activities, concept understanding tests, interviews and learning style identification questionnaires. The selection of respondents was based on the level of understanding of students’ concept categories. The results of the study showed that students perform kinesthetic learning activities very well, as seen from their endeavors in following the lessons and the results of theoretical understanding assessments, which were observed to be in the high category. Furthermore, the interview evaluated that the students are happy with the kinesthetic learning method carried out as it promoted their understanding and recollection of the content of the material and questionnaires indicate that students have visual, auditory and kinesthetic learning styles. From the performance of Compton and the photoelectric effect, it was shown that students playing as electrodes and electrons (kinesthetic learning style) possess high understanding of the concept in the kinesthetic learning model.
A Qualitative Study: Physics Concepts Used by Survivors in the 2018 Tsunami in Palu City
Authors: Suleman W A , Wahyono U 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to identify and examine the Physics concepts used by victims of the tsunami disaster in Palu City based on the earthquake, tsunami and liquefaction events that occurred on September 28, 2018 in Palu City. This research was descriptive qualitative. Data were collected by observation, interviews and documentation. Based on the results of the study, the researchers found several Physics concepts that were applied when the victims made efforts to save themselves from the tsunami. These findings were discussed and grouped according to the theme of the Physics concept, including: the concept of speed and velocity, Newton’s Second Law Concept, the concept of floating objects, and the concept of waves. The results can be used as a contextual example in learning physics. By doing so, the students will not only learn about Physics concepts, but also improve their understanding and awareness of local disasters.
The Development of Local Disasters-based Mitigation Module Integrated to Physics Learning
Authors: Yuliani  , Wahyono U 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to develop a local disaster potential-based mitigation module that is integrated into physics learning. The compilation of these teaching materials can be utilized as one of the learning media for students to learn about disaster mitigation materials independently. This study was research and development using 4D model that consisted of 4 phases namely, Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate. The participants in this study were 12 students from SMPN 1 Palu. The feasibility test phase of the product was conducted to determine the feasibility of the instructional materials. The trial phase was conducted on trials of material experts, media experts, teachers, and students. Based on the results of trials and questionnaire analysis, the average score of the material experts assessment was 3.24 categorized as “Good”, the average score of media expert assessment was 3.00 categorized as “Good”, the average score of teacher assessment was 4 0.0 categorized as “Very Good”, and the average score of the assessment based on student responses was 3.52 categorized as “Very Good”. The result of the study shows that the teaching materials generated, particularly those on disaster mitigation, are very suited for use in the learning process.
Characterization of patchouli oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth) production of Tinombala Village, Ongka Malino District, Parigi Moutong Regency
Authors: Abram P H , Putri W , Nuryanti S , Sabang S M 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPatchouli oil comes from Tinombala village which has never been tested for the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of patchouli oil by characterizing parameters of physical and chemical properties including color, refractive index, specific gravity, solubility in alcohol, acid number, ester number, iron content (Fe), and patchouli alcohol and alpha copaene content.. Sampling was done by random sampling. The results show a specific gravity of 25/25oC sample A = 0.9564, B = 0.9658, and C = 0.9590, refractive index (nD20) sample A = 1.5111, B = 1.5085 and C = 1.5086, the solubility in alcohol using ethanol of the three samples is >1:10 while using methanol 1:10, the acid number of the sample A=21.0375, B=9.1162 and C=19.6350, the ester number of the sample A=28,05, B=21.04 and C=21.04, iron (Fe) content of sample A=1.84210 mg/L, B=0.186842 mg/L and C=6.78950 mg/L, patchouli content alcohol sample A=,16,96%, B=15,52% and C=14,55% and for alpha copaene not detected. The results showed that the quality of patchouli oil in Tinombala village did not meet the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). Only the specific gravity, refractive index, and iron content are by the quality requirements, while the acid number and ester number and the main component determining the quality of patchouli oil, namely the patchouli alcohol content are still below the Indonesian National Standard, which is below 30%.
Electromagnetic Reflection Field Detection Based on TEO
Authors: Wang Xinyi , Zhuang Rui 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Active electromagnetic detection explores targets using electromagnetic reflection field of metal objects. In view of the detection of active electromagnetic by detecting target reflection field, a Teager energy operator(TEO) is adopted to improve the electromagnetic reflection amplitude and instantaneous frequency detection method, the method of theoretical description and simulation verification has also carried out in this paper. Results show that this method is able to track the change of the single frequency signal of electromagnetic reflection field with good effect. It is also able to provide full details of the judgment to confirm the target. This method is simple and convenient for real-time processing, and has good application value.
Power Transformer Voiceprint Operation State Monitoring Considering Sample Unbalance
Authors: Chen shoulong , He Ping , Xu HongHua , Yin LaiBin , Wang LingYan , Zhu Lei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The voiceprint characteristics of transformers are closely related to the operating conditions, but there is currently a lack of effective research on the voiceprint characteristics of transformers during operation. First of all, this article collects three operating conditions of load, light load, and no load on the basis of the transformer voiceprint signal acquisition platform. Secondly, in view of the characteristics of the transformer’s voiceprint, the 50Hz frequency multiplier component amplitude is extracted to form a feature vector, which solves the problem of low utilization rate of common feature extraction information. Finally, in view of the problem of transformer voiceprint failure and sample imbalance caused by fewer abnormal samples, a pattern recognition based on the RUSBoost algorithm is proposed. The algorithm has good recognition accuracy and applicability for transformer voiceprint samples with imbalance problems. The research results provide effective support for the monitoring and identification of the mechanical condition of transformers with sample unbalanced voiceprints, and the analysis of the operating conditions can effectively eliminate the errors that may be caused by their own different operating conditions.
Performance test of small-current grounding line selection device based on the real-time digital simulation system
Authors: Xu Biao , Xu Yuxin , Ouyang Fan , LI Hui , Liang Wenwu , Gong Yusheng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Single phase grounding fault is the most common fault type in small-current grounding distribution network, but the small-current grounding line selection device put into operation on site is often difficult to meet the application requirements, affecting the rapid and accurate treatment of grounding fault. Considering that there are many small-current grounding line selection manufacturers and various device forms, it is difficult to intuitively evaluate the line selection performance of different devices and make horizontal comparison, and there is no supporting basis for the selection and application of on-site line selection devices. Therefore, based on the real-time digital simulation system (RTDS), this paper establishes a test platform for small-current grounding line selection device. Based on the constructed test platform, four line selection devices form different manufacturers are tested in parallel, the performance of the devices is compared, and the influencing factors affecting the accuracy of line selection results are analyzed. The conclusions of this paper can provide strong support for the pilot application of small-current line selection devices.
Application of two-phase hybrid stepping motor based on three-phase inverter chopping control strategy in aircraft electric drive servo valve
Authors: Hu Mingliang , Han Wei , Gao Wei , Liu Yang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With the development of multi-/all-electric technology, more and more aircraft platforms use electrically driven servo valves as the driving source to realize real-time adjustments of flow, pressure and temperature in the area network. The new generation of aircraft applies a stepper motor to drive the servo valve as the drive source, and utilizes the holding torque and open-loop control characteristics of the stepper motor when the stepper motor could not meet aircraft’s requirements of the reliability of the servo valve, the controllability of the opening and closing angle, and the environmental resistance. This paper develops a set of stepper motor drive servo valve control system. The system is mainly composed of flight tube bus, electromechanical management computer, remote actuation unit, remote interface unit and motor-driven servo valve. The stepper motor driver is integrated in the remote execution unit and is used to control the two-phase hybrid stepper motor to drive the servo valve. The topology of a three-phase inverter bridge drive is used to achieve the two-phase double four-shot drive, which saves about 25% power drive hardware. By controlling the two-phases motor, the direction and amplitude of the current one can realize micro-step control. The test and simulation result show that the system has higher control accuracy and better acceleration. The deceleration characteristics in two-phase full step and micro step working modes can expand the application of electric servo valve and improve aircraft performance.