bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Winter resistance and frost resistance of representatives of the genus Cotinus Mill. in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Oksantyuk Valentina , Koldar Larysa 
Published: December 2021

Aim. The goal is to assess the winter and frost resistance of plants of representatives of the genus Cotinus Mill. from the collection of the National Dendrological Park "Sofiyivka" of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Botanical Garden named after Academician Alexander Fomin of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Methods. The frost resistance of plants was investigated in the laboratory of plant physiology of the Institute of Horticulture of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, by the method of direct freezing of shoots during the period of forced dormancy of plants. The intensity of damage (browning) of tissues on transverse sections of shoots was assessed using a six-point scale by M. A. Solov'eva (1982). The objects of study were plants C. obovatus Raf., C. coggygria Scop., C. coggygria 'Royal Purple', C. coggygria 'Purpurea'. Winter hardiness was assessed visually on an eight-point scale by S. Ia. Sokolov, (1957). Results. According to estimates of the general freezing of plants in the winter period of 2014–2020, minor injuries were found in all representatives of the genus Cotinus, which were estimated at 1–2 points. The results of experimental studies of plant frost resistance showed that in most variants of the experiment, the tissues of the upper internode and buds froze more. The tissues of the medial part of the shoot turned out to be the most resistant to freezing. According to the results of artificial freeze testing of cut shoots of C. coggygria and C. coggygria 'Royal Purple", sampled in the period of forced dormancy of plants, insignificant tissue damage was revealed at freezing temperature of –25 °С and –30 °С (0.63–1.70), only at temperature of –35 °C, the score of bark damage was 2.3–2.5 points. Conclusions. The low temperatures of the winter period of the study area cannot be considered as limiting abiotic factors that limit the widespread use of the studied representatives of the genus Cotinus in landscape construction. The high potential of frost and winter hardiness of the studied taxa gives grounds to test them in the more northern regions of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine to create garden and park compositions, because due to high decorative flowering and specific crown shape they have an attractive appearance in both group and solitary plantations.
Ophiocordyceps aphrophoridarum sp. nov., a new entomopathogenic species from Guizhou, China
Authors: Yang Yu , Xiao Yuanpin , Yu Gangjiang , Wen TingChi , Deng ChunYing , Meng Juan , Lu Zhenghua 
Published: December 2021

Ophiocordyceps is the largest genus in the family Ophiocordicipitaceae, including many entomopathogenic species. In recent years, many species have been described in this genus, with a wide range of host insects. Entomopathogenic fungi include ecologically, economically and medicinally important species, but a large portion of their diversity remains to be discovered and described.
In this study, a new species, Ophiocordyceps aphrophoridarum sp. nov, parasitising Aphrophoridae sp. (Hemiptera) is proposed from China, based on evidence from morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses. This species is characterised by fibrous, pigmented stromata, cylindrical asci and filiform ascospores. Compared to its closest relative, O. tricentri, the new species has wider perithecia and longer asci. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of a multilocus dataset (consisting of SSU, ITS, LSU, TEF1, RPB1 and RPB2) confirm its placement in Ophiocordyceps. Ophiocordyceps aphrophoridarum is morphologically described and illustrated with colour photographs. Morphological comparisons with closely-related species are also presented in tabulated format.
La suggestion et le langage, des principes actifs solubles dans l’évaluation des psychothérapies ? Critique de l’approche évaluative extrinsèque
Authors: Gadeau Ludovic 
Published: December 2021

Les recommandations faites par l’autorité publique en matière de bonnes pratiques professionnelles dans le champ du soin psychique sont largement orientées par les recherches en matière d’évaluation des psychothérapies que les écoles de pensée diffusent à travers les publications scientifiques. Mais ces recherches ne font-elles pas l’économie d’une réflexion épistémologique sur les constituants qui fondent la possibilité de l’évaluation des « principes actifs » (et facteurs communs) de toute psychothérapie ? Le présent article propose de questionner quelques prérequis nécessaires à toute évaluation. Tout d’abord, peut-on approcher une réalité psychologique en soi qui, ainsi, autoriserait des comparaisons possibles entre psychothérapies ? Ensuite, quelle est la place de la suggestion dans les dispositifs psychothérapeutiques et dans la compréhension de leur efficience ? Enfin, une évaluation extrinsèque a-t-elle vraiment du sens ?
Le Vieillissement cérébral
Authors: Forette Françoise , Orgogozo Jean-Marc , Bouchacourt Patrice , Hervy Marie-Pierre 
Published: December 2021

Résumé Pour le gériatre, le vieillissement cérébral recouvre de nombreuses questions : le déclin cognitif est-il réel ou non ? Quelles sont les frontières entre vieillissement normal et pathologique ? Quels sont les rapports entre « oubli bénin » et démence ? Un des défis majeurs que le vieillissement du cerveau nous propose, c’est celui du traitement. De nombreux médicaments ont été utilisés, avec pour la plupart des résultats modestes.
FIBCD1 Deficiency Decreases Disease Severity in a Murine Model of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Authors: Bhattacharya Shreya , Amarsaikhan Nansalmaa , Maupin Alec J , Schlosser Anders , Füchtbauer Ernst-Martin , Holmskov Uffe , Moeller Jesper Bonnet , Templeton Steven P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous mold associated with the development of pulmonary diseases that include invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), an often fatal opportunistic infection. FIBCD1 is a transmembrane endocytic membrane receptor widely expressed on human epithelium. Although FIBCD1 was previously shown to bind chitin, modulate fungal colonization of the gut, and inhibit intestinal inflammation, the role of FIBCD1 in the context of lung fungal infection remains unknown. In this study, we observed that mortality, fungal burden, and tissue histopathology were decreased in the absence of FIBCD1 in murine IPA. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses demonstrated decreased inflammatory cytokines in the lungs of neutrophil-depleted FIBCD1−/− mice with IPA, when compared with wild-type controls. In contrast, inflammatory cytokines were increased in immune-competent FIBCD1−/− mice after fungal aspiration, suggesting that the presence of neutrophils is associated with cytokine modulation. In contrast to the clear IPA phenotype, FIBCD1−/− mice with systemic infection or bleomycin-induced lung injury exhibited similar morbidity and mortality when compared with their wild-type counterparts. Thus, our study identifies a detrimental role of FIBCD1 in IPA.
Prevalence of eveningness and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors, risky sexual behavior, and alcohol use in adolescents and young adult males with ADHD
Authors: Kumar Shankar , Venkatakrishna Sneha , Ambalavana Karthik , Nayak Shruthi 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Individuals with eveningness chronotype may be at a higher risk for developing unhealthy lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors. Screening with traditional biomarkers may not help in detecting children and young adults with such a risk. There is paucity of literature studying novel biomarkers such as Apo B/ApoA1 ratio and highly sensitive C reactive protein (hs CRP) in predicting cardiometabolic risk in this population.

Objectives:
To study the prevalence of eveningness chronotype in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to know its association with metabolic risk factors that predict cardiometabolic consequences.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study consisted of thirty consenting adolescents and young adults who were on treatment for ADHD. Sociodemographic details were collected and the Morningness-eveningness questionnaire, alcohol use disorders identification test, HIV risk-taking behavior scale-sexual behavior subsection were used to determine eveningness, alcohol use, and risky sexual behavior, respectively. Body mass index (BMI) was measured. Blood investigations high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, triglycerides, Apo B/A1 ratio, lipoprotein A, and hsCRP were sent.

Results:
The prevalence of eveningness in our study participants was 30% (n = 9). Risky sexual behavior was more among those with eveningness (P = 0.03). Those with eveningness had significantly earlier sexual experience (P = 0.05). Alcohol use was also significantly more in those with eveningness (P = 0.02). There was no significant difference in traditional markers such as BMI, lipid profile for cardiometabolic risk among study participants with or without eveningness. However, Apo B/A1 ratio was significantly more in those with eveningness (P = 0.01).

Conclusion:
Eveningness chronotype is common in ADHD which could indicate risk for future cardiometabolic consequences in addition to behavioral issues. There is a need for large-scale cohort studies studying cardiometabolic risk and the clinical utility of novel biomarkers such as ApoB/ApoA1 in this population.
Impact of pandemic on the mental health of doctors working in a district COVID-19 hospital
Authors: Benerji Therissa , Bodepudi Sarath , Lella Srikanth , Kodali Madhavi 
Published: December 2021

Background:
COVID-19 pandemic can significantly affect the mental health of doctors as they stand in the front line of this crisis. The psychiatric consequences, in part, can be due to the stress the doctors are subjected to due to their close involvement in the treatment of infected patients. Some of the other reasons are related to the fear of transmission to their families and concerns about the health of self and family, stigmatization, and rejection.

Aims:
To assess the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among doctors working in district COVID hospital, note the possible association of life events with the mental health of the doctors during the current situation and address the coping styles they have sought to endure the current crisis.

Materials and Methods:
An online survey is conducted to assess the psychological responses of doctors during the COVID-19 outbreak. It consisted of four subsections covering (1) sociodemographic data and information on individuals' working conditions, (2) Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21, (3) presumptive stressful life events scale, (4) Brief-COPE.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 25.

Results:
Of the 353 participants, 80 had symptoms of depression, 151 anxiety, and 74 stress. Significant levels of depression were found among doctors involved in the direct care of patients with COVID-19 compared to those not involved in direct care. Undesirable events were found to be greater in number than desirable events. Concerning coping strategies, we found the more frequent use of adaptive coping strategies compared with maladaptive coping strategies among respondents.

Conclusion:
COVID-19 pandemic has a sizeable psychological impact on the mental health of doctors involved in direct and indirect care of patients with COVID-19.
An online cross-sectional survey of depression, anxiety, and stress among resident doctors working at a COVID-19 tertiary care center in India
Authors: Sriperambudoori Varsha , Pingali Srilakshmi , Tondehal Nikhil Ravindranath , Joopaka Ajay Kumar , Molanguru Umashanker 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Health-care workers around the world are extending support to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. This unprecedented situation has put the health-care system under tremendous pressure. One of the underrepresented and under addressed area is that of psychological stress experienced by doctors in this time of crisis.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to evaluate for the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress among resident doctors working at a COVID-19 tertiary care center and the factors associated with their mental health status.

Materials and Methods:
An online cross-sectional survey of resident doctors was conducted over a 10-day period from June 1 to 10, 2020, through e-mail using a 2-part questionnaire – 1st part included information about sociodemographic profile and factors affecting the mental status and the 2nd included questions from the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). The scoring cutoffs for the presence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were >9, 7, and 14, respectively. The responses were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 (IBM) with P value as significant below 0.05 and all tests were two tailed.

Results:
Four hundred and thirty six out of 620 residents completed the survey yielding a response rate of 70.3%. A considerable proportion had symptoms of depression 132 (30.3%), anxiety 179 (41.1%), and stress 102 (23.4%). Females, first-line workers, those with a past history, and family history of mental illness had statistically significant higher scores on all three subscales of DASS-21. The number of working hours showed a significant positive correlation with symptoms of anxiety (r = 0.138, P = 0.004) and stress (r = 0.108, P = 0.024).

Conclusion:
One-third of respondents reported experiencing negative emotional states currently, indicating pandemic's psychological impact on frontline health workers. There is a need for mental health interventions targeting frontline health workers who are a crucial workforce in lower middle economy like India and promote their overall mental well-being.
Investigation of salivary C-reactive protein and interleukin-18 for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis
Authors: Barekatain Behzad , HasanGhalyaei Najmeh , Mohammadizadeh Majid , Tavakolifard Negah 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of death in neonates worldwide. The investigation of biomarkers for the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis is in progress with controversial outcomes. The current report aims to evaluate the values of salivary C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 89 neonates, including 49 neonatal septic case and 40 healthy group admitted at the neonatal intensive care unit, were evaluated. The salivary samples of IL-18 and CRP were measured before the antibiotic therapy initiation, as soon as blood samplings. Sepsis diagnosis was confirmed by the positive blood culture. The diagnostic values of the biomarkers were determined using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) analysis. Besides, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV) positive likelihood ratio (LR+), negative likelihood ratio (LR-), and diagnostic accuracy were measured.

Results:
Salivary CRP level was remarkably higher in septic case than healthy group (5.2 ± 4.61 vs. 3.5 ± 1.7; P = 0.02), while salivary IL-18 was not different between the groups (0.1 ± 0.29 vs. 0.04 ± 0.19; P = 0.25). The ROC curve for IL-18 showed insignificant values (P = 0.37). The ROC curve of salivary CRP showed area under the curve of 0.63 (95% confidence interval: 0.51–0.74; P = 0.03) with the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, LR+, LR − and diagnostic accuracy of 44.9% (31.8–58.7), 80% (65.2–89.5), 73.3% (55.5–85.82), 54.2% (41.6–66.3), 60.6% (50.29–70.18), 2.24 (1.57–3.2), and 0.68 (0.63–0.75) at the cutoff of 4.55 ng/L, respectively.

Conclusion:
Based on the findings of the current study, salivary CRP can be considered a biomarker for the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, while no statistical values for salivary IL-18 were detected. Due to the significance of neonatal sepsis, further evaluations are strongly recommended.
Comparison of susceptibility weighted imaging with conventional MRI sequences in multiple sclerosis plaque assessment
Authors: Rabbani Masoud , Shaygannejad Vahid , Bahrami Mahshid , Badiei Sajad 
Published: December 2021

Background:
The current study was performed to compare susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods of T2-weighted (T2W) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging in multiple sclerosis (MS) plaque assessment

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 MS patients referred to Shafa Imaging Center, Isfahan, Iran. Patients who fulfilled McDonald criteria and were diagnosed with MS by a professional neurologist at least 1 year before the study initiation were included in the study. Eligible patients underwent brain scans using SWI, T2W imaging, and FLAIR. Plaques’ number and volume were detected separately for each imaging sequence. Moreover, identified lesions in SWI sequence were evaluated in terms of iron deposition and central veins

Results:
Totally 50 patients (10 males and 40 females) with a mean age of 28.48 ± 5.25 years were included in the current study. Majority of patients (60%) had a disease duration of >5 years, and mean expanded disability status score was 2.56 ± 1.32. There was no significant difference between different imaging modalities in terms of plaques’ number and volume (P > 0.05). It was also found that there was a high correlation between SWI and conventional imaging techniques of T2W (r = 0.97, 0.91, P < 0.001) and FLAIR (r = 0.99, 0.99, P < 0.001) in the estimation of both the number and volume of plaques (P < 0.001)

Conclusion:
The results of the present study indicated that SWI and conventional MRI sequences have similar efficiency for plaque assessment in MS patients.
Expression of miRNA-25 in young and old lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Boldrini Laura , Giordano Mirella , Melfi Franca , Lucchi Marco , Fontanini Gabriella 
Published: December 2021

Background:
An appropriate personalized molecular testing ensures the most efficacious treatment in lung cancer. It is still controversial whether younger lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients have different molecular features compared with their older counterparts. MicroRNAs have been involved in lung cancer and their altered expression has been suggested as a potential biomarker in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of LUAD.

Materials and Methods:
To analyze putative differences in miR-25 expression between young (with age ≤50 years) and old adenocarcinoma patients, we quantified miR-25 levels with NanoString technology in 88 LUAD specimens. We further investigated a cohort of 309 LUAD patients from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database to test our hypothesis.

Results:
miR-25 expression was upregulated in young LUAD patients in comparison to the older ones (P = 0.03) in our series. The analysis of public database TCGA confirmed our results, which miR-25 differentially expressed in the two aged groups (P = 0.0009). Moreover, a consequential pairing of miR-25 with a target region in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) 3’ untranslated region (UTR) and actually low PTEN expression seemed to be associated with high miR-25 (P = 0.001) in young patients.

Conclusions:
The interaction of miR-25 and PTEN in young LUAD may define a subgroup of patients, highlighting the concept of molecular testing in different age subtypes.
Antibiofilm activity of selenium nanorods against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Hasani Shweta , Khare Tushar , Oak Uttara 
Published: December 2021

Objective:
This study aimed at the synthesis and application of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) against biofilm formation by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the domestic sewage treatment plant.

Materials and Methods:
Chemically synthesized SeNPs were characterized using Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM).. Bacteria were isolated from domestic sewage water samples and characterized and identified using standard techniques. The drug resistance pattern of the isolates was determined using a disk diffusion assay. Biofilms of this MDR isolate were established (microtiter plate method—colorimetric assay and a slide method). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of selenium nanorods (SeNRs) and their effect on biofilm formation were established using a colorimetric method.

Results:
The HR-SEM analysis of nanomaterials revealed its shape (rod), size (between 85 nm and 275 nm), and purity of the material. The disk diffusion assay attributed MDR status to an isolate that was identified and found to be S. aureus, a pathogenic bacterium isolated from an environmental sample. The MICs of antibiotics against biofilm were found to be at least threefold higher than those against the planktonic state. In the presence of SeNRs, biofilm formation was inhibited.

Conclusion:
SeNRs synthesized using wet chemical method showed antibacterial activity against MDR S. aureus and inhibited biofilm formation by this organism. These SeNRs can be further developed as an alternate drug lead to combat the challenge posed by the MDR bacteria. The study has a future prospectus in investigating the mechanism of inhibition of biofilm formation and its action on preformed biofilm by this isolate.
Incidence and determinants of acute kidney injury following Mannitol therapy
Authors: Grace Mary , Paul Geo A.J. , Aravindan Varada , Muhammad Afzal C. M , Joy Breeze Ann , Ajmal Nalakathkarappamveetil Muthu 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Mannitol is a commonly used drug in general medicine and neuro medicine wards. Mannitol reduces intracerebral pressure by redistributing water from the brain parenchyma. Renal failure is cited as one of the most common side effects and concern over this often limits the use of Mannitol. This study is intended to find out whether the use of Mannitol, in the doses commonly used in our setting, is associated with derangement of renal function and if so what are its determinants.

Materials and Methods:
We did a prospective observational study on 151 consecutive patients. The duration of the study was for one year from January to December 2020. Mannitol was used in the usual dose of 100 ml of 20% solution 8 hourly. Acute kidney injury was diagnosed based on the KDIGO criteria.

Results:
The study population included 103 males (68%) and 48 females (32%). The age group ranged from 14 years to 98 years. A total of 42 patients (27.8%) developed acute kidney injury of which 26 were males (62%) and 16 were females (38%). By multiple regression analysis, age more than 65 years and diastolic blood pressure more than 100 mm of Hg were the two significant predictors for the occurrence of acute kidney injury.

Conclusion:
Mannitol is a safe drug that can be used to reduce intracerebral pressure, provided the dose of the drug is carefully monitored, especially in those with risk factors such as advanced age and high diastolic blood pressure. An equally important aspect is the early recognition of the renal impairment because stopping the drug will in most situations reverse the damage. Since any renal impairment, however small and short-lasting, can have adverse long-term effects, such insults must be avoided as far as possible.