bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stock and indices of carbon management under different soil use systems
Authors: Morais Diego Henrique de Oliveira , Silva Carla Aparecida da , Rosset Jean Sérgio , Farias Paulo Guilherme da Silva , Souza Camila Beatriz da Silva , Barros Ozório Jefferson Matheus , Castilho Selene Cristina de Pierri , Marra Leandro Marciano 
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the stock of total organic carbon (TOC) and to perform the physical-granulometric fractionation of soil organic matter (SOM) in different management systems (MS). Three MS and one reference area of Native Forest (NF) were studied, and the three systems were sugarcane (SC), permanent pasture (PP) and no-tillage system (NTS). Soil samples were collected in the 0–0.05, 0.05–0.10, 0.10–0.20-m layers. Soil density (Sd), TOC, stratification index (SI), carbon stock (StockC), variation in StockC (ΔStockC), carbon content of particulate organic matter (C-POM) and mineral organic matter (C-MOM), carbon stock index (CSI), lability (L), lability index (LI), and carbon management index (CMI) were determined. The MS presented higher Sd than the NF area. The NF area had higher TOC contents in the first layers, reaching 25.40 g kg-1 in the 0–0.05-m layer, with the PP area having higher values than the NF in the 0.10–0.20-m layer. The NF area showed the highest levels of C-POM (15.25 g kg-1) and C-MOM (10.15 g kg-1) in the first layer. In the 0.10–0.20-m layer, the PP and NTS systems were superior to the others. Regarding the C-MOM content, SC and PP showed higher levels in the 0.10–0.20-m layer. The highest CMI values were observed in the NTS and PP areas in the 0.10–0.20 m layer. The MS increased the Sd and reduced the TOC levels. The different MS modified the POM fraction, and the MOM fraction was most impacted by the SC area. The lability of the SOM was altered by the MS in the most superficial layers.
Forest fragmentation and its potential implications for the management of the Tarumã-Açu River basin, Central Amazon, Brazil
Authors: Costa Jamerson Souza da , Rodrigues Liange de Sousa , Silva Aline Gabriela Castro da , Reis Thatierlen da Costa , Melo Maria da Glória Gonçalves de , Liberato Maria Astrid Rocha 
Published: July 2021

The intensification of deforestation and the consequent fragmentation of the natural landscape in urban and periurban watersheds affect the entire eco-hydrological system, increasing the need to understand how these changes can affect their sustainability. In this sense, the present study evaluated the potential implications of forest fragmentation for the management of the Tarumã-Açu basin, based on the characterization of the structural and functional patterns of the landscape. For this, we mapped and categorized the basin’s forest fragments, based on the supervised classification (Bhattacharyya Method) of Landsat/OLI image, and, subsequently, we calculated the landscape metrics (area, density and size, edge, form, core, isolation and connectivity). The metrics showed a very fragmented landscape, especially in the region of the basin’s low course, which concentrates the smallest, most dispersed, and vulnerable fragments even in conservation units. The headwater region, on the other hand, has the largest patches, with a large amount of central area and high structural and functional connectivity, which are fundamental for the sustainability of the basin and, therefore, deserve attention and prioritization by managers. The results offer important subsidies and unpublished data that can contribute to elaboration of the basin’s management plan and for the definition of conservation and restoration strategies of the forest remnants, indicating priority areas for the implementation of these actions.
Hadis Azimat Perspektif Semiotik Roland Barthes
Authors: Huda Syafi'ul 
Published: July 2021

As a cultured country, the ancestors of the Indonesian people bequeathed a lot of relics that are represented in norms and objects. Regarding norms, the harmony of the Indonesian nation which is multicultural, multiethnic, and multireligious has become irrefutable evidence. It is different with relics in the form of material. Some of them still leave endless debates when they are met with religion. Amulet, for example, some people consider it as an element of polytheism that must be avoided. Meanwhile, the majority of the existing community has no problem with its use as long as it is in accordance with the provisions outlined by the pious scholar. The views of these two groups are based on the same source, namely the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon Him). Nevertheless, the approaches used in the understanding are completely different, so that they have their own prespective views. The derivation of the passages that appear in the understanding of the two groups into the charts provided by Roland Barthes in his mythical semiology is very helpful for ordinary people to recognize these two views.
ESTUDO ECOLÓGICO DA EPIDEMIA HIV/AIDS EM ADULTOS JOVENS: ESTAMOS PREVENINDO OU TRATANDO?
Authors: Limas Flaviane Marizete , Brandão Marlise Lima , Luccas Daiane Siqueira de , Nichiata Lucia Yasuko Izumi , Larocca Liliana Muller , Chaves Maria Marta Nolasco 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico e as condições clínicas, segundo Critério Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Adaptado e Rio de Janeiro/Caracas, de jovens de 20 a 29 anos que vivem com HIV/aids notificados em um município da Região Metropolitana de Curitiba-PR, Brasil. Método: estudo ecológico, ancorado na Epidemiologia Crítica, com dados do Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação. Totalizaram 309 notificações de HIV/aids. Para análise, utilizaram-se medidas agregadas calculadas em planilha dinâmica do Excel© 2016.Resultados: dos casos notificados, 60% declararam-se da raça/cor branca; 69% do sexo masculino; 38% com categoria de exposição homossexual; 63% encontravam-se assintomáticos e 92,6% foram definidos pelo critério Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Adaptado.Conclusão: entende-se que este estudo contribui para os profissionais de saúde atuarem no sentido de reverter o diagnóstico tardio e prevenirem a transmissão do HIV.
BACTÉRIAS RESISTENTES ISOLADAS DE SUPERFÍCIES INANIMADAS EM UM HOSPITAL PÚBLICO
Authors: Corrêa Emanuelle Righetto , Machado Alexandre Paulo , Bortolini Juliano , Miraveti Jocilene De Carvalho , Corrêa Liliana Victorino Alves , Valim Marília Duarte 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: descrever o perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos de microrganismos presentes em superfícies inanimadas.Método: estudo descritivo, realizado entre fevereiro e junho de 2018. Coletou-se 40 amostras microbiológicas de superfícies da Clínica Médica e Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto em um hospital de Mato Grosso, Brasil. A identificação e sensibilidade microbiana foram realizadas através do VITEK-2. A análise dos resultados de resistência foi avaliada conforme as diretrizes do Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute.Resultados: foram isolados 32 microrganismos das 22 amostras contaminadas, dentre eles 14 (43,8%) Staphylococcus coagulase negativa, sete (21,9%) Acinetobacter baumanni complex, três (9,4%) Enterobacter aerogenes. Dentre os Staphylococcus coagulase negativa, 11 (78,6%) apresentaram multirresistência a antimicrobianos e três (42,9%) dos isolados de Acinetobacter baumanni complex foram extremamente resistentes.Conclusão: evidenciou-se a necessidade de educação com ênfase na desinfecção correta e frequente de superfícies e na higienização das mãos após tocar o paciente e as superfícies próximas a ele.
FERRAMENTA DE AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE: MAPEAMENTO DE SINAIS CLÍNICOS DE MORTE ENCEFÁLICA
Authors: Knihs Neide Da Silva , Magalhães Aline Lima Pestana , Semeão Michele Cristina Pires , Santos Rosane Lucilene dos , Lanzoni Gabriela Marcellino de Melo , Barra Daniela Couto Carvalho 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: identificar características dos óbitos e sinais clínicos de morte encefálica dos pacientes com lesão neurológica internados em unidades de pacientes críticos, a partir de ferramenta para apoio na busca ativa.Método: estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, realizado de janeiro a agosto de 2017 nas unidades críticas de dois hospitais do sul brasileiro. Os dados foram coletados nos prontuários de pacientes que evoluíram a óbito utilizando-se instrumento da Organização Nacional de Transplantes da Espanha, analisados pela estatística descritiva.Resultados: os sinais clínicos de morte encefálica identificados antes do óbito foram Glasgow três; reflexos de tosse ausente; hipertensão intracraniana presente, pupilas midriáticas e poliúria. Destacase que 14,8% apresentaram todos os critérios para iniciar o diagnóstico de morte encefálica, mas não foram notificados à Central Estadual de Transplante.Conclusão: os profissionais atuantes nessas unidades devem ter conhecimentos dos sinais clínicos de morte encefálica para que ocorra identificação precoce desses pacientes, consequentemente, aumentando as notificações.
Een voorstel om versneld te procederen in strafzaken bij het Haagse Hof
Authors: Wiersinga H.C. (Hermine) 
Published: July 2021

Een voorstel om versneld te procederen in strafzaken bij het Haagse Hof
Is het mogelijkheid de strafprocedure in hoger beroep op innovatieve wijze te verkorten? Hier wordt een voorstel gedaan om op basis van consensualiteit te komen tot afspraken over versnelde afdoening in oude zaken. Het proces moet fair zijn en in lijn met uitgangspunten van het Wetboek van Strafvordering. Afspraken gemaakt tussen openbaar ministerie en verdediging worden voorgelegd aan de rechter. Een ingelaste schriftelijke ronde waarin standpunten worden uitgewisseld, goede planning van openbare (avond)zittingen en strakke handhaving van termijnen moeten daadwerkelijke versnelling mogelijk maken.
Snelrecht: voor elk wat wils, maar wat willen we?
Authors: Lindeman J.M.W. (Joep) , van Lent L. (Leonie) , van der Vorm B. (Benny) 
Published: July 2021

Snelrecht: voor elk wat wils, maar wat willen we?
In deze bijdrage staan wij stil bij het snelrecht, een fenomeen dat al lang bekend is in de strafrechtspleging, maar waar tegelijk veel verschillende beelden bij bestaan. Enerzijds wordt snelrecht gezien als hét instrument in de ‘lik-op-stuk’-aanpak. Anderzijds is het een middel om snel en efficiënt strafzaken af te doen en achterstanden weg te werken. Het snelrecht voldoet echter lang niet altijd aan de verwachtingen en is onvoldoende met procedurele waarborgen omkleed. We proberen de (on)mogelijkheden op een rij te zetten.
De tijd heelt alle wonden … maar de littekens blijven
Authors: van Dorst A.J.A. (Leo) 
Published: July 2021

De tijd heelt alle wonden … maar de littekens blijven
Van oudsher vervalt na verloop van tijd het recht tot strafvordering. De wettelijke regeling van deze zogeheten vervolgingsverjaring vormt echter allang geen rustig bezit meer. Zij is de laatste decennia zo vaan en zo ingrijpend gewijzigd dat de vraag rijst of ze niet evengoed helemaal kan worden afgeschaft. Dat is de vraag die in dit artikel onder ogen wordt gezien.
De Scheldestad of Manhattan aan de Maas? Een vergelijkende analyse van de Antwerpse en Rotterdamse havens bij de in- en doorvoer van cocaïne
Authors: Staring Richard , Bisschop Lieselot , Colman Charlotte , Janssens Jelle , Roks Robby 
Published: July 2021

The Schelde City or Manhattan at the Maas? A comparative analysis of the Ports of Antwerp and Rotterdam regarding the import and distribution of cocaine into Europe
The ports of Rotterdam and Antwerp are among the main European ports of entry for the import and further distribution of cocaine. Earlier research underlines the interchangeability of these ports regarding the criminal networks trafficking cocaine into Europe. In this contribution, the interchange­ability of these European sea ports regarding cocaine trafficking is questioned. Based on empirical research, and applying the routine activity approach, the Port of Rotterdam and the Port of Antwerp are compared with respect to their physical characteristics, the potential, motivated offenders, as well as the existing public and private security measures.
Revision of Ganomymar De Santis, 1972, a remarkable genus of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) from Madagascar
Authors: Triapitsyn Serguei V. 
Published: July 2021

A rare fairyfly (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) genus, Ganomymar De Santis, 1972, is revised and rediagnosed based on both sexes; its males were previously unknown. This genus, which has remarkable structures on the propodeum and peculiar fore wings in females, is known only from Madagascar in the Afrotropical region. Its type species, Ganomymar dessarti De Santis, 1972, is redescribed and illustrated based on a non-type female specimen. Three new species of Ganomymar are described: G. caslot sp. nov., G. libertatium sp. nov., and G. zuparkoi sp. nov. The species are placed in two distinct species groups. A key to females of the four species is provided.
Phosphate solubilizing rhizobacteria isolated from jujubeziziphus lotusplant stimulate wheat germination rate and seedlings growth
Authors: Fahsi Nidal , Mahdi Ismail , Mesfioui Abdelhalem , Biskri Latefa , Allaoui Abdelmounaaim 
Published: July 2021

Jujube plant (Ziziphus lotus(L.) Desf.) can survive in arid climates and tolerates both biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we isolated, for the first time in Morocco, nine phosphate solubilizing bacteria strains from jujube rhizosphere, designated J10 to J13, J15, & J153 to J156. Genotypic identification based on 16S rDNA sequencing, revealed six strains that belong toPseudomonas(J10, J12, J13, J15, J153 and J154), two toBacillus (J11 and J156),and one toPaenibacillusJ155.Siderophores were produced by all strains. Proteases activity was missing inPseudomonassp. J153 & J154, whereas cellulase was restricted only toPseudomonassp. J10,Paenibacillus xylanexedensJ155 andBacillus cereusJ156. Indole-3- acetic acid and ammonia were also produced by all strains, with a maxima of 204.28 µg mL−1inBacillus megateriumJ11 and 0.33 µmol mL−1inPseudomonassp. J153, respectively.Pseudomonassp. J10 andB. cereusJ156 grew on plates containing 1,500 µg mL−1of nickel nitrate, whilePseudomonassp. J153 withstood 1,500 µg mL−1of either copper sulfate or cadmium sulfate. Phenotypic analysis of the potential of the isolates to promote early plant growth showed that wheat seeds inoculated with eitherP. moraviensisJ12 orB. cereusJ156 remarkably increased germination rate and seedlings growth. Lastly, antibiotic resistance profiling revealed that except forPseudomonas sp. J11 andB. cereusJ156, remaining strains displayed resistance at least to one of tested antibiotics. Collectively,Pseudomonassp. J10,P. moraviensisJ12,Pseudomonassp. J153 andB. cereusJ156, represent potential biofertilizers suitable for soils that are poor in P, and/or heavy metals contaminated.
Cytological analysis of tracheal wash and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in health and respiratory disease in dromedary camels
Authors: Shawaf Turke , Almubarak Abdullah , Alhumam Naser , Almathen Faisal , Hussen Jamal 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundTracheal wash (TW) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) have proven to be useful tools for the identification of disease-associated changes in the respiratory tract in human and different animal species. In the dromedary camel, little is known about cytological analysis of TW and BAL in health and disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytological composition of TW and BAL in health and respiratory disease in dromedary camels.MethodsTW and BAL samples were collected from dromedary camels and cytological analysis was performed by microscopic examination of prepared smears. Camels with clinical respiratory disease (n = 18) were compared with apparently healthy (control) camels (n = 9).ResultsIn the apparently healthy camels, differential cytological analysis of TW samples identified macrophages and neutrophils as the main cell populations with lesser proportions of lymphocytes and epithelial cells and very rare abundance of eosinophils and mast cells. In the TW of camels with respiratory disease, neutrophils were the most abundant cells followed by macrophages and lymphocytes. In the BAL of healthy camels, macrophages represented the main cell type followed by lymphocytes and neutrophils. In respiratory-diseased camels, BAL samples contained higher percentages of neutrophils with reduced percentages of macrophages and lymphocytes in comparison to camels from the control group. Collectively, the results of the current study revealed higher abundance of neutrophils in the TW and BAL from dromedary camels than many other veterinary species. The cytological patterns of TW and BAL from camels with respiratory diseases were characterized by increased proportion of neutrophils and decreased proportion of macrophages in comparison to healthy camels. The proportion of lymphocytes was also decreased in TW samples from diseased camels.
Knowledge of Eclampsia among Pregnant Women Attending a Tertiary Antenatal Clinic in Ikenne LGA, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Makinde Eniola D. , Akinboye Dora O. 
Published: July 2021

Background: Eclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy; it is major global health problem and a common medical complication of pregnancy among pregnant women residing in low and middle income countries. It is the development of convulsions and or coma that is not related to other cerebral conditions during pregnancy or in the postpartum period in women with signs and symptoms of preeclampsia. It is responsible for the majority of poor maternal and fetal outcomes globally. In many developing countries such as Nigeria, eclampsia remains a significant contributor to adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes despite all measures to reduce its incidence and impact.
Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of eclampsia among pregnant women attending a tertiary antenatal clinic in Ikenne Remo, Ogun state, Nigeria.
Study Design: Quantitative cross-sectional descriptive survey design.
Methodology: Ninety four (94) pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at a tertiary hospital in Ikenne Remo, Ogun state participated in the study. The level of knowledge was assessed by administering a quantitative instrument developed in a structured close ended questionnaire form. The questionnaire had two (2) sections; Section A: Socio demographic and Section B: Knowledge.
Results: Findings indicated that majority of the pregnant women, 41.5% had fair level of knowledge of eclampsia while 33% had high level of knowledge and 25.5% had poor level of knowledge of eclampsia. The study identified that age, religion, ethnicity and parity were significantly related with level of knowledge of the pregnant women while educational level of the pregnant women wasn’t significantly related with their level of knowledge about eclampsia.
Conclusion: The study illustrates that knowledge of eclampsia are limited among pregnant women attending a tertiary antenatal clinic in Ogun state, Nigeria; there are gaps in knowledge regarding the causes, danger signs and risk factors of the condition. Therefore, health care providers should be equipped with appropriate skills and relevant materials to provide proper prenatal education and sensitization to improve maternal and perinatal health.
Antiparkinsonian Activity of Aqueous Extract of Agaricus Blazei Murill in Rotenone-induced Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Aslam Muhammad , Ahmed Hammad , Mumtaz Tayyaba , Hakani Gahzal 
Published: July 2021

Background: Parkinsons disease is a chronic neurological disorder which may be due to reduction in the dopaminergic neurons in the brain. However, Agaricus blazei is a rich source of natural antioxidants.
Aim: In this study, antiparkinsonian activity of Agaricus blazei Murill was evaluated using different animal models.
Method: Antiparkinsonian activity was evaluated using two different doses (273 mg/kg and 819 mg/kg) of Agaricus blazei Murill. Rotenone and sunflower oil were used as positive and negative control, respectively. Catalepsy test, rotarod test, exploratory behavior test (rearing) and locomotor activity test were conducted to observe antiparkinsonian activity of the drug in rats.
Result: The results of the animal models were confirmed by determining the levels of reduced glutathione, total protein, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nitric oxide in the animal brain. Pretreatment with Agaricus blazei Murill, showed marked reduction in rotenone-induced catalepsy and a significant increase in exploratory behavior, muscular activity, and locomotor activity in rats. Agaricus blazei Murill has also shown extremely significant effect in decreasing the oxidative stress in the animal brain by increasing the brain levels of reduced GSH and total proteins and decreasing the levels of nitrite and TBARS.
Conclusion: The results of rotenone-induced catalepsy, exploratory behavior, rotarod test and locomotor activity showed that Agaricus blazei Murill exerts a significant ameliorative effect on Parkinson’s disease in rats.
Patterns of Medication Use in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Kandane‐Rathnayake Rangi , Louthrenoo Worawit , Luo Shue‐Fen , Wu Yeong‐Jian J. , Chen Yi‐Hsing , Golder Vera , Lateef Aisha , Cho Jiacai , Navarra Sandra V. , Zamora Leonid , Hamijoyo Laniyati , Sockalingam Sargunan , An Yuan , Li Zhanguo , Montes Ricardo , Oon Shereen , Katsumata Yasuhiro , Harigai Masayoshi , Hao Yanjie , Zhang Zhuoli , Chan Madelynn , Kikuchi Jun , Takeuchi Tsutomu , Goldblatt Fiona , O'Neill Sean , Bae Sang‐Cheol , Lau Chak S. , Hoi Alberta , Karyekar Chetan S. , Nikpour Mandana , Morand Eric F. ,   for the Asia‐Pacific Lupus Collaboration
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveEvidence for the utility of medications in settings lacking randomized trial data can come from studies of treatment persistence. The present study was undertaken to examine patterns of medication use in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using data from a large multicenter longitudinal cohort.MethodsProspectively collected data from the Asia Pacific Lupus Collaboration cohort including disease activity (SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 [SLEDAI‐2K]) and medication details, captured at every visit from 2013–2018, were used. Medications were categorized as glucocorticoids (GCs), antimalarials (AM), and immunosuppressants (IS). Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the time‐to‐discontinuation of medications, stratified by SLE disease activity.ResultsData from 19,804 visits of 2,860 patients were analyzed. Eight medication categories were observed: no treatment; GC, AM, or IS only; GC plus AM; GC plus IS; AM plus IS; and GC plus AM plus IS (triple therapy). Triple therapy was the most frequent pattern (31.4% of visits); single agents were used in 21% of visits, and biologics in only 3%. Time‐to‐discontinuation analysis indicated that medication persistence varied widely, with the highest treatment persistence for AM and lowest for IS. Patients with a time‐adjusted mean SLEDAI‐2K score of ≥10 had lower discontinuation of GCs and higher discontinuation of IS.ConclusionMost patients received combination treatment. GC persistence was high, while IS persistence was low. Patients with high disease activity received more medication combinations but had reduced IS persistence, consistent with limited utility. These data confirm unmet need for improved SLE treatments.