bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RDX remote Raman detection on NATO SET-237 samples
Authors: Gallo Emanuela C. A. , Cantu Luca M. L. , Duschek Frank 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUltraviolet Raman spectroscopy measurements have been taken at DLR in Lampoldshausen to detect NATO SET-237 standard samples of RDX. The main goal was to quantify the minimum requirements for an unambiguous identification in remote detection (60 cm distance) with a commercial Czerny–Turner spectrometer coupled with a CCD camera. Well-defined distribution of explosives on surfaces was tested as standardized samples. Therefore, Raman spectra of RDX have been acquired for different sample concentrations (50, 250 and 1000 μg/cm2, respectively) and under several laser energies (1.5, 3.0 and 5.0 mJ/pulse, respectively) at 355 nm excitation wavelength. The lowest possible reproducible surface concentration (50 µg/cm2) was detected with excitation energy of 3 mJ/pulse in the described configuration.
Automated Orchestration of Online Educational Collaboration in Cloud-based Environments
Authors: Czekierda Łukasz , Zieliński Krzysztof , Zieliński Sławomir 
Published: April 2021

Integrated collaboration environments (ICEs) are widely used by corporations to increase productivity by fostering groupwide and interpersonal collaboration. In this article, we discuss the enhancements of such environment needed to build an educational ICE (E-ICE) that addresses the specific needs of educational users. The motivation for the research was the Małopolska Educational Cloud (MEC) project conducted by AGH University and its partners.
The E-ICE developed by MEC project fosters collaboration between universities and high schools by creating an immersive virtual collaboration space. MEC is a unique project due to its scale and usage domain. Multiple online collaboration events are organized weekly between over 150 geographically scattered institutions. Such events, aside from videoconferencing, require various services. The MEC E-ICE is a complex composition of a significant number of services and various terminals that require very specific configuration and management.
In this article, we focus on a model-driven approach to automating the organization of online meetings in their preparation, execution, and conclusion phases. We present a conceptual model of E-ICE-supported educational courses, introduce a taxonomy of online educational services, identify planes and modes of their operation, as well as discuss the most common collaboration patterns.
The MEC E-ICE, which we present as a case study, is built in accordance with the presented, model-driven approach. MEC educational services are described in a way that allows for converting the declarative specification of E-ICE application models into platform-independent models, platform-specific models, and, finally, working sets of orchestrated service instances. Such approach both reduces the level of technical knowledge required from the end-users and considerably speeds up the construction of online educational collaboration environments.
On the Solutions of Three-Dimensional Rational Difference Equation Systems
Authors: Alayachi H. S. , Khan A. Q. , Noorani M. S. M. 
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we are interested in a technique for solving some nonlinear rational systems of difference equations of third order, in three-dimensional case as a special case of the following system:

x

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+
1

=

y

n

z

n
−
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/

y

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±

x

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2

,

y

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+
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=

z

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x

n
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z

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±

y

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,
and

z

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+
1

=

x

n

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x

n

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with initial conditions

x

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,

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0

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y

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2

,

y

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1

,

y

0

,

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,
and

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0

are nonzero real numbers. Moreover, we study some behavior of the systems such as the boundedness of solutions for such systems. Finally, we present some numerical examples by giving some numerical values for the initial values of each case. Some figures have been given to explain the behavior of the obtained solutions in the case of numerical examples by using the mathematical program MATLAB to confirm the obtained results.
Elevated Asparagine Biosynthesis Drives Brain Tumor Stem Cell Metabolic Plasticity and Resistance to Oxidative Stress
Authors: Thomas Tom M. , Miyaguchi Ken , Edwards Lincoln A. , Wang Hongqiang , Wollebo Hassen , Aiguo Li , Murali Ramachandran , Wang Yizhou , Braas Daniel , Michael Justin S. , Andres Allen M. , Zhang Miqin , Khalili Kamel , Gottlieb Roberta A. , Perez J. Manuel , Yu John S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Asparagine synthetase (ASNS) is a gene on the long arm of chromosome 7 that is copy-number amplified in the majority of glioblastomas. ASNS copy-number amplification is associated with a significantly decreased survival. Using patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSC), we showed that significant metabolic alterations occur in gliomas when perturbing the expression of ASNS, which is not merely restricted to amino acid homeostasis. ASNS-high GSCs maintained a slower basal metabolic profile yet readily shifted to a greatly increased capacity for glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation when needed. This led ASNS-high cells to a greater ability to proliferate and spread into brain tissue. Finally, we demonstrate that these changes confer resistance to cellular stress, notably oxidative stress, through adaptive redox homeostasis that led to radiotherapy resistance. Furthermore, ASNS overexpression led to modifications of the one-carbon metabolism to promote a more antioxidant tumor environment revealing a metabolic vulnerability that may be therapeutically exploited.

Implications:
This study reveals a new role for ASNS in metabolic control and redox homeostasis in glioma stem cells and proposes a new treatment strategy that attempts to exploit one vulnerable metabolic node within the larger multilayered tumor network.
CHK2 Inhibition Provides a Strategy to Suppress Hematologic Toxicity from PARP Inhibitors
Authors: Xu Zhen , Vandenberg Cassandra J. , Lieschke Elizabeth , Di Rago Ladina , Scott Clare L. , Majewski Ian J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Patients with cancer treated with PARP inhibitors (PARPi) experience various side effects, with hematologic toxicity being most common. Short-term treatment of mice with olaparib resulted in depletion of reticulocytes, B-cell progenitors, and immature thymocytes, whereas longer treatment induced broader myelosuppression. We performed a CRISPR/Cas9 screen that targeted DNA repair genes in Eμ-Myc pre-B lymphoma cell lines as a way to identify strategies to suppress hematologic toxicity from PARPi. The screen revealed that single-guide RNAs targeting the serine/threonine kinase checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2) were enriched following olaparib treatment. Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of CHK2-blunted PARPi response in lymphoid and myeloid cell lines, and in primary murine pre-B/pro-B cells. Using a Cas9 base editor, we found that blocking CHK2-mediated phosphorylation of p53 also impaired olaparib response. Our results identify the p53 pathway as a major determinant of the acute response to PARPi in normal blood cells and demonstrate that targeting CHK2 can short circuit this response. Cotreatment with a CHK2 inhibitor did not antagonize olaparib response in ovarian cancer cell lines. Selective inhibition of CHK2 may spare blood cells from the toxic influence of PARPi and broaden the utility of these drugs.

Implications:
We reveal that genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of CHK2 may offer a way to alleviate the toxic influence of PARPi in the hematologic system.
Dragonflies and damselflies (Insecta: Odonata) of the Kole Wetlands, central Kerala, India
Authors: Chandran A. Vivek , Jose Subin K. , Gopalan Sujith V. 
Published: April 2021

A year-long study was conducted at the Kole Wetlands, a Ramsar site in central Kerala to document the diversity of dragonflies and damselflies and understand their seasonality. Checklist survey method was used to sample adult odonates in 30 randomly chosen locations. A total of 44 species (30 dragonflies and 14 damselflies) belonging to 33 genera and eight families were recorded in the study area. Species richness showed a peak in the post-monsoon season and a dip in the summer. The observations support the value of the Kole Wetlands in providing valuable resources for Odonata.
A new taxon of Nacaduba Moore, 1881 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Polyommatini) from Agasthyamalais of the Western Ghats, India
Authors: Sadasivan Kalesh , Kochunarayanan Baiju , Khot Rahul , Naicker Ramasamy Kamaya 
Published: April 2021

A new butterfly taxon, Nacaduba sinhala ramaswamii ssp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Polyommatini), is described from Agasthyamalais of southern Western Ghats in peninsular India. The new taxa can be diagnosed from all other Nacaduba of southern India and N. sinhala Ormiston, 1924 from Sri Lanka, by its distinct male genitalia. The early stages, larval hostplants, flight periods, ecology and the known distribution of the new taxa are discussed. The revised keys to all known Nacaduba of Western Ghats of peninsular India are provided.
Does the size of the butterfly enhance detection? Factors influencing butterfly detection in species inventory surveys
Authors: Velayudhan Anju , Ashokkumar Mohanarangan , Chandy George , Sreedharan Biju 
Published: April 2021

Butterfly species’ abundance and factors influencing butterfly detection in Chimmony Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala was studied from April to June 2018. The survey was carried out on 15 tracks of 2-km lengths surveyed two times resulting in the sampling effort of 60km. A total of 141 species of butterflies belonging to two orders, six families and 103 genera were observed during the study, of which 15 species were recorded as endemic. The majority of butterfly species belonged to the families Nymphalidae and Lycanidae. The size of butterflies varies significantly among families with the largest butterflies recorded in Papilionidae and Nymphalidae and the smallest butterflies from Hesperidae and Lycanidae. The factors that determine butterfly detection during the count was determined using multiple regression. The number of detections had a linear relation with abundance, size, and activities of the butterflies. The model was highly significant and explained 86.9% of the variation in the detection of butterflies (F=407.8; df=3; p<0.000). Abundance had a primary influence on detection followed by the size and activities of the butterflies. Further studies on relative detectability of different species of butterflies in the diversity and abundance estimation would help in refining methods of assessment of butterflies.
Assessing the feasibility and acceptability of a cluster-randomized study of cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic insomnia in a primary care setting
Authors: Torrens Isabel , Esteva Magdalena , Vicens Caterina , Pizá-Portell María Rosa , Vidal-Thomàs María Clara , Vidal-Ribas Cristina , Lorente-Montalvo Patricia , Torres-Solera Elena 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic insomnia (CBT-i) is the treatment of choice for this condition but is underutilized in patients who attend primary care. The purpose of the present feasibility-pilot study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a cluster-randomized study of CBT-i in a primary care setting.

Methods
This study, performed at two primary health care centers in Majorca, Spain, was a mixed methods feasibility-pilot study of a parallel cluster-randomized design comparing CBT-i and usual care (UC). Patients were included if they were 18 to 65 years-old; had diagnoses of chronic insomnia according to the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI ≥ 8); had insomnia for more than 3 months. Twenty-five GPs and nurses and 32 patients were randomly allocated to two groups. The main outcome of the intervention was improvement of dimensions of sleep quality, measured using the Spanish version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, at baseline and at 3 months after the intervention. Other primary outcomes of the study were the feasibility and applicability of the intervention, collected through nominal groups. A thematic analysis was performed to classify primary care provider (PCP) proposals. Additionally, we assessed the recruitment process, compliance with the intervention sessions, and patient retention.

Results
We adapted the CBT-i approach of Morin to a primary care context. After intervention training, PCPs expressed the need for more extensive training in the different aspects of the therapy and the discussion of more cases. PCPs considered the intervention as adequate but wanted fewer but longer sessions as well as to discard the cognitive restructuring component. PCPs considered it crucial to prepare each session in advance and to establish a specific agenda for the CBT-i. Regular reminders given to PCPs and patients were suggested to improve study participation. Compared to the UC group, higher proportions of patients in the intervention group had short sleep latency, slept for longer than 5 h, and had fewer sleep disruptions.

Conclusions
This feasibility-pilot study identified several key issues that must be addressed before performing a CBT-i intervention in future clinical trial in a primary care setting.

Trial registration
NCT04565223. (Clinical trials.gov) Registered 1 September 2020—Retrospectively registered.
Development and validation of a simple-to-use nomogram to predict the deterioration and survival of patients with COVID-19
Authors: Zeng Zhiyong , Wu Chaohui , Lin Zhenlv , Ye Yong , Feng Shaodan , Fang Yingying , Huang Yanmei , Li Minhua , Du Debing , Chen Gongping , Kang Dezhi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 pandemic has forced physicians to quickly determine the patient’s condition and choose treatment strategies. This study aimed to build and validate a simple tool that can quickly predict the deterioration and survival of COVID-19 patients.

Methods
A total of 351 COVID-19 patients admitted to the Third People’s Hospital of Yichang between 9 January to 25 March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were randomly grouped into training (n = 246) or a validation (n = 105) dataset. Risk factors associated with deterioration were identified using univariate logistic regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. The factors were then incorporated into the nomogram. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare the survival of patients between the low- and high-risk groups divided by the cut-off point.

Results
The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to construct the nomogram via four parameters (white blood cells, C-reactive protein, lymphocyte≥0.8 × 109/L, and lactate dehydrogenase ≥400 U/L). The nomogram showed good discriminative performance with the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of 0.945 (95% confidence interval: 0.91–0.98), and good calibration (P = 0.539). Besides, the nomogram showed good discrimination performance and good calibration in the validation and total cohorts (AUROC = 0.979 and AUROC = 0.954, respectively). Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the model had clinical application value. Kaplan-Meier analysis illustrated that low-risk patients had a significantly higher 8-week survival rate than those in the high-risk group (100% vs 71.41% and P < 0.0001).

Conclusion
A simple-to-use nomogram with excellent performance in predicting deterioration risk and survival of COVID-19 patients was developed and validated. However, it is necessary to verify this nomogram using a large-scale multicenter study.
Prognostic significance of concentric left ventricular hypertrophy at peritoneal dialysis initiation
Authors: Tomura Misato , Hamasaki Yoshifumi , Komaru Yohei , Miyamoto Yoshihisa , Matsuura Ryo , Matsumoto Akihiko , Doi Kent , Kume Haruki , Nangaku Masaomi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundConcentric left ventricular hypertrophy (cLVH) is a common left ventricular geometric pattern in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis, including peritoneal dialysis (PD). The relationship between cLVH at PD initiation and the prognosis of patients remains unclear, however. This study aimed to investigate the impact of cLVH at PD initiation on patient survival and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).MethodsThe retrospective cohort study included 131 patients who underwent echocardiography during the PD initiation period. Based on echocardiographic measurements, cLVH was defined as a condition with increased LV mass index and increased relative wall thickness. The relationship between cLVH and the prognosis was assessed.ResultsConcentric LVH was identified in 29 patients (22%) at PD initiation, and patient survival, MACE-free survival and PD continuation were significantly reduced in the cLVH group compared with the non-cLVH group. In the Cox regression analysis, cLVH was demonstrated as an independent risk factor of mortality (HR [95%CI]: 3.32 [1.13–9.70]) for all patients. For patients over 65 years old, cLVH was significantly associated with mortality and MACE (HR [95%CI]: 3.51 [1.06–11.58] and 2.97 [1.26–7.01], respectively). Serum albumin at PD initiation was independently correlated with cLVH.ConclusionsIn our study, cLVH at PD initiation was independently associated with survival in all patients and with both survival and MACE in elderly patients. Evaluation of LV geometry at PD initiation might therefore help identify high-risk patients. Further studies involving larger numbers of patients are needed to confirm the findings from this study and clarify whether treatment interventions for factors such as nutrition status could ameliorate cLVH and improve patient outcomes.
Incidence, clinical risk and prognostic factors for liver metastasis in patients with cervical cancer: a population-based retrospective study
Authors: Liu Hang , Ye Xiangsen , Li Di , Yao Qian , Li Yan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in women, particularly metastasis resulting in a poor prognosis. However, the clinical characteristics of cervical cancer patients with advanced liver metastasis have not been well investigated. We aimed to evaluate the incidence, clinical risk and prognostic factors for hepatic metastasis in cervical cancer patients.

Materials and methods
The clinical features of patients diagnosed with cervical cancer were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) public cancer database between 2010 and 2015. Multivariate logistic and Cox regression models were performed to identify potential risk and prognostic factors for liver metastasis in patients with cervical cancer.

Results
A total of 431 patients (2.32%) developed liver metastasis in our analysis. The following characteristics were significantly associated with the development of liver metastasis: black ethnicity, uninsured status, higher tumor stage, poorer differentiated grade, non-squamous histology, non-surgery of primary site, patients with any additional lung, bone, and brain metastasis. Multivariate Cox regression showed that patients with additional lung metastasis, without radiotherapy, and without chemotherapy were negatively correlated with overall survival. Concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy was a favorable prognostic factor to improve overall survival, and chemotherapy showed to increase cause-specific survival. Additional lung metastasis was an independent characteristic for both risk and prognostic factors for hepatic metastasis in patients with cervical cancer.

Conclusion
Our results found several potential clinical features that may be used to assess the risk and prognosis of liver metastasis in patients with cervical cancer. These associated factors may provide clinical indications for the early identification and treatment of cervical cancer patients with hepatic metastasis.
Neonatal mortality and associated factors in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional population-based study
Authors: Mitiku Habtamu Dessie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
The neonatal period is the most critical time of human life for diseases. Neonatal morbidity and mortality are significant contributors to under-five morbidity and mortality in a low-income country like Ethiopia. Women are one of the key actors for the improvement of maternal, neonatal, and child healthcare utilization. However, there's no evidence on the association of women’s decision-making autonomy with neonate death at a national level in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the neonatal mortality and associated factors in Ethiopia.

Methods
A total of 5128 neonates born 5 years before the survey from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 were reviewed. A multivariable logistic regression model was employed to assess the effect of women's autonomy and identify the determinate predictors of neonate death risk.

Results
The rate of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia was 20.7 per 1000 live births). Women's hadn't autonomy in health care increase neonatal death by 2.72 times compared with those that had autonomy. Hadn't postnatal care was caused grown neonatal death by 5.48 times (AOR 5.48, 95% CI 1.29, 23.26). Delivering at a health institution had 0.61 times lowered neonatal death risk compared with delivering at of health institution without a health facility (AOR 0.61, 95% CI 0.38,0.97). Breastfeeding immediately within 1 h after birth had 0.17 times reduce neonatal death risk compared with not initiation of breastfeeding (AOR 0.17, 95% CI 0.12, 0.26). Women's gave birth single had 0.09 times reduced neonatal death risk than those that gave birth multiple (AOR 0.09, 95% CI 0.05, 0.18). Unknowingly, male neonates had a 1.84 times higher risk of death than females (AOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.20, 2.81).

Conclusions
Neonatal mortality rate was significantly related to women's hadn't decided power on health care, hadn't postnatal care, delivered out of health institution, breastfed not immediately, and gave birth multiple. It is important to encourage mothers autonomy, use postnatal care service, and deliver in health institutions.