bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“A Strange, Contagious Fear”: Scarlet Letters and Shame in the Time of Coronavirus
Authors: Williams Susan S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPublic shaming has a long history in the United States, and the image of the “scarlet letter” is an integral part of that history. This essay examines how American media accounts in the first year of the coronavirus pandemic invoked the image of the scarlet letter to describe the shame of infection at an individual, institutional, and national level. The first section discusses the colonial sources that Hawthorne used in creating the image as well as the ways in which his romance associates it with social shame and stigma. The second section focuses on media accounts that equate wearing a mask, or declining to wear a mask, with wearing a scarlet letter like Hester Prynne. The final section considers how the scarlet letter has been used in accounts of communal infection rates and forced closures. In their invocations of the scarlet letter, reporters, essayists, and bloggers have repeated the central conflicts between individual freedom and social responsibility, moral good and legal constraint, mobility and isolation, and selfishness and empathy that have long dominated scholarly interpretations of The Scarlet Letter. In doing so, they demonstrate the continuing potency of the cultural work of Hawthorne's classic novel.
A história do Bacharelado Interdisciplinar em Humanidades no bojo da expansão das universidades públicas federais no Brasil
Authors: Mykonios Atanásio , Barroso Queiroz Lima Josélia , Faé Stocco Aline 
Published: October 2021

Este artigo coloca em análise o processo de expansão da universidade pública brasileira, tendo por referência a experiência da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha (UFVJM) e a condução do curso Bacharelado Interdisciplinar em Humanidades, Campus JK. Diamantina, MG, Brasil. Nele, as(o) autoras (es) refletem sobre os desafios educacionais da interdisciplinaridade e sobretudo, discutem sobre os desafios da inclusão social como condição à democratização social. As (o) autoras(o) ex-coordenadores de curso, narram as trajetórias e o fazer pedagógico vivido com os sujeitos sociais que chegam a universidade, homens e mulheres trabalhadores, negros, não hetero normativos, de classe social baixa, apontando para a necessidade de rupturas epistêmicas e a importância do fazer educacional como ato comprometido com a transformação social. Sendo um relato de experiência, o texto registra, descreve, discute os percursos construídos e os obstáculos da educação pública, gratuita e socialmente referenciada num país que, historicamente, nega ao seu povo o direito social a educação. Não obstante, apontam para as múltiplas possibilidades que os ‘corpos dissidentes’ produzem de saberes, de afetos, de conhecimentos quando o diálogo entre a universidade e os que chegam se abre como caminho metodológico e pedagógico, garantindo que as diferenças possam ser reconhecidas.
Molecular Detection of Ampicillin Resistant Genes in E. coli Isolates from ‎Dogs in India
Authors: Mustapha M. , Goel P. , Jain V. K. 
Published: October 2021

The most common cause of urinary tract infection in dogs is uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). This condition often presents with vaginal discharge, dribbling of urine, straining or vocalization while urinating due to pain. Furthermore, the following signs are also noticeable: hematuria, lethargy, proteinuria, dysuria, cystitis, and oliguria. The aim of this research was to investigate the genes of ampicillin resistance in E. coli isolates from dogs with urinary tract infections. Out of 103 urine samples cultured (Blood agar, MacConkey’s lactose agar and Eosin methylene blue agar), 24.3% were positive for uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The positive isolates were further subjected to antimicrobial sensitivity test and PCR analysis. All the uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates were resistant to ampicillin while 96% were resistant to Cloxacillin and Oxytetracycline. Susceptibility to Meropenem, Gentamicin and Amikacin were 64 %, 44 % and 40% respectively. All the 25 strains of the E. coli were identified to be resistant to two or more antibiotics. The PCR result showed the presence of blaAMPC in all the samples and 60 % had blaTEM genes responsible for ampicillin resistance. However, none of the isolates were positive for the blaSHV gene.The presence of the blaAMPC and blaTEM genes in the dogs studied resulted in ampicillin resistance, with blaAMPC being the most commonly detected ampicillin gene in Escherichia coli in the study area. Meropenem was also found to be a good choice for treating uropathogenic E. coli infection in dogs.
Prevalence of Avian Haemosporidian Parasites in Village Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) from Kwami, Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Lawal J. R. , Ibrahim U. I. , Biu A. A. , Musa H. I. 
Published: October 2021

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of avian haemosporidian parasites in village chickens in Kwami, Gombe State, Nigeria using microscopy and the associated risk factors using structured questionnaires. To achieve this goal, blood samples were collected from 346 apparently healthy village chickens in Kwami of Gombe State, and a total of 45 farmers were interviewed using structured questionnaires. Microscopy revealed an overall prevalence of 20.8% (72/346) for haemosporidian parasites comprising of Plasmodium spp. with 41 (11.8%; 95% CI = 8.9 – 15.7) and Haemoproteus spp. 23 (6.6%; 95% CI = 4.5 – 9.8) as single infection and mixed infection of Plasmodium + Haemoproteus spp. having 8 (2.3%; 95% CI = 1.2 – 4.5). Prevalence of avian haemosporidian parasites was significantly higher in male (13.9%) compared to hens (6.9%), as well as in adults (14.50%) compared to growers (6.4%). The prevalence was also found to be higher in the rainy season (15.6%) compared to the dry (5.2%) seasons of the study period. Questionnaire survey on attitude and practice of the village chicken farmers in the study area has shown that village chicken are raised under the extensive management system and are reared with other village poultry species on free range. Inadequate biosecurity, poor management and husbandry systems constituted the predisposing risk factors associated with haemoparasite infections in this study.
Key words: Haemosporidian parasites; Avian malaria, Microscopy, Scavenging Chickens; Kwami, Gombe State
HUBUNGAN ANTARA TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU DENGAN PEMBERIAN VITAMIN A DOSIS TINGGI PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS SEGIRI SAMARINDA
Authors: Fauziah Fauziah , Rahmawati Rahmawati 
Published: October 2021

Vitamin A merupakan zat gizi yang essensial bagi manusia, karena zat gizi ini sangat penting dan konsumsi makanan kita cenderung belum mencukupi dan masih rendah sehingga harus dipenuhi dari luar. Pada anak balita akibat KVA (Kekurangan Vitamin A) akan meningkatkan kesakitan dan kematian, mudah terkena penyakit infeksi, seperti diare, radang paru-paru, pneumonia, dan akhirnya kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu dengan Pemberian Vitamin A Dosis Tinggi pada Balita di Puskesmas Segiri tahun 2018.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional dengan populasi ibu-ibu yang memiliki balita yang ada di Puskesmas Segiri Samarinda 2018.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan pada taraf antara Tingkat Pengeahuan Ibu dengan pemberian Vitamin A Dosis Tinggi pada Balita di Puskesmas Segiri Samarinda tahun 2018.
HUBUNGAN USIA MENARCHE, MAKANAN CEPAT SAJI (FAST FOOD), STRESS DAN OLAHRAGA DENGAN KEJADIAN DISMENOREA PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI MAN 2 LEBAK BANTEN
Authors: Qomarasari Desy 
Published: October 2021

Dismenorea adalah rasa sakit atau nyeri pada bagian bawah perut yang terjadi saat wanita mengalami siklus menstruasi. Dismenorea disebabkan oleh hormon prostaglandin yang meningkat. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya dismenorea yaitu menarche dini (usia pertama kali menstruasi kurang dari 12 tahun), kurang atau tidak pernah berolah raga, stress, siklus haid memanjang atau lama haid lebih dari normal (7 hari), mengkonsumsi alkohol, dan merokok.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan usia menarche, makanan cepat saji (fast food), stress dan olahraga dengan kejadian dismenorea.
Metode penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalahcross sectional. Lokasi penelitian di MAN 2 Lebak. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu remaja putri kelas X, XI dan XII yang berjumlah 163 orang. Sedangkan teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik Proportional Random Sampling dengan cara undian. Jumlah sampel 105 responden. Analisis data dengan univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji statistik chi square.
Hasil penelitian ini responden dismenorea dengan nyeri kongestif (61,9%), usia menarche kurang dari 12 tahun (84,8%), mengkonsumsi makanan cepat saji (fast food) yang kurang baik (65,7%), stress (63,8%) dan jarang melakukan olahraga (81,0%). Ada hubungan usia menarche (0,022), makanan cepat saji (fast food) (0,029), stress (0,006) dan olahraga (0,015) dengan kejadian dismenorea.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ada hubungan antara usia menarche, makanan cepat saji (fast food), stress dan olahraga dengan kejadian dismenorea.
Ulama' Salaf dan Khalaf
Authors: Fahamsyah Fadlan 
Published: October 2021

Abstrak
القرآن والسنة من مصادر الشريعة الإسلامية التي يجب على أتباعها الالتزام بها. القرآن وحي من الله يحتوي على ضوابط إلهية لتوجيه البشرية في التعامل مع ربهم ، ومع بعضهم البعض ، حتى مع الكون ، وكذلك حديث النبي وهو توثيق لحياة النبي محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم. وفيه أقوال وأفعال وقرارات وخصائص جسدية وأخلاقية يجب أن يقتدي بها المسلمون.على الرغم من الاتفاق على القرآن والسنة كمصادر للشريعة الإسلامية ، في تطبيق مصدري الشريعة الإسلامية ، هناك اختلافات بين علماء الإسلام ، وهذا يرجع إلى اختلاف المناهج في تفسيرهما. بشكل عام هناك إطاران فكريان ، وهما علماء السلف المرتبطون بشدة بالنصوص الدينية والخلف (العقلانيون) الذين هم سياقيون. من وجهتي النظر المختلفتين هاتين ، ظهر خلاف حاد للغاية بين السلف الذي كان يتجه نحو اللغة أو العقائد الدينية ، وبين السياقيين الذين رأوا الاقتراح من منظور السياقة ، أي من خلال النظر إلى الاجتماعي ، الجانب التاريخي والأنثروبولوجي. والفرق بين علماء السلف والخلف في مسألة العقيدة ، هي في منهجهم ، ومنها مسألة التأويل. اختلاف آخر من حيث المنهج بين السلف والخلف هو أن السلف يعطي الأولوية للنقل على العقل ، بينما يأخذ الخلف طريق إعطاء الأولوية للعقل على النقل.
Cervical Myelopathy Caused by Posttraumatic Osteophytes Resulting From Long-Standing Neglected Posterior Atlanto-Occipital Dislocation More Than 30 years: A Case Report
Authors: Chang Dong-Gune , Park Jong-Beom , Park Soo-Bin , Kim Hong Jin 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
Traumatic atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD) is a rare but usually fatal injury. To our knowledge, no study has reported long-standing neglected posterior AOD more than 30 years in a patient who survived and later experienced cervical myelopathy.

Methods:
A 75-year-old man presented with symptoms of cervical myelopathy. On history, the patient was diagnosed with posterior AOD that occurred after a fall 31 years ago, but he did not undergo surgery. Radiologic evaluation of cervical spine revealed severe spinal cord compression caused by posttraumatic osteophytes of the C0-C1-C2 joints resulting from long-standing neglected posterior AOD. However, no instability of the C0-C1-C2 joints was found.

Results:
Laminectomy of the C1 posterior arch was performed without occipitocervical fusion considering the long-standing severe osteoarthritic changes and no instability of the C0-C1-C2 joints. Cervical myelopathy significantly improved, and the patient was doing well without recurrence at the 7-year follow-up.

Discussion:
To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with cervical myelopathy caused by neglected posterior AOD with posttraumatic osteophytes of the C0-C1-C2 joints. Laminectomy of the C1 posterior arch without occipitocervical fusion achieved satisfactory outcomes for cervical myelopathy caused by posttraumatic osteophytes resulting from long-standing neglected posterior AOD more than 30 years.
De Aanwijzingen inzake de rijksinspecties geëvalueerd
Authors: Schelfhout David , van Veldhuisen Aris , Schievels Jelte , Vloedbeld Chris 
Published: October 2021

De Aanwijzingen inzake de rijksinspecties geëvalueerd. Lessen voor een kaderwet toezicht?
De Aanwijzingen inzake de rijksinspecties bieden een rijksbreed kader voor waarborging van de onafhankelijkheid van rijksinspecties. De auteurs van dit artikel evalueerden of de Aanwijzingen dit doel bereiken. Het artikel concludeert ten eerste dat er grote verschillen bestaan in de formele positie van inspecties. Ten tweede blijkt uit de evaluatie dat de Aanwijzingen een belangrijke bijdrage leveren aan het waarborgen van onafhankelijke oordeelsvorming van inspecties. De Aanwijzingen zijn echter niet in alle gevallen een voldoende voorwaarde voor onafhankelijkheid. Daarom doen de auteurs suggesties voor verdere versterking van de Aanwijzingen.
Depressão: doença ou problema espiritual?
Authors: Silva Ângelo Vieira da 
Published: October 2021

resenha BIBLIOGRÁFICA

sobrinho, Ismael. Depressão: Doença ou Problema Espiritual? 2ª Ed. Nova Lima: Integralmente Editora, 2018. 214 pp. ISBN 978-85-925-2000-7.

Título da obra em inglês: Depression: Illness or Spiritual Problem?
Conceptualization and Design of a Small Pyrolysis Plant for the Sustainable Production of Flexible Bricks and Bituminous Concrete from Polyethylene Terephthalate Waste
Authors: L. Shangwa Ngonidzashe , R. Nyemba Wilson , Chinguwa Simon , Jen Tien-Chien 
Published: October 2021

Polyethylene terephthalate is majorly used for packaging of various products because of its resistance to chemical attack and environmental degradation, but the proper disposal of this non-biodegradable material has been a major challenge. Pyrolysis is the melting of plastic in the absence of oxygen. Currently pyrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate is considered as a viable recycling method since it only requires 5% of the calorific value of polyethylene terephthalate. This research was aimed at designing a pyrolysis plant for the production of construction materials with acceptable mechanical properties such as compressive strength and water absorption. Sustainable, eco-friendly road construction from bituminous concrete with waste polyethylene terephthalate has the capability of reducing carbon emissions. The polyethylene terephthalate bituminous composite has the flexibility of plastic but strength of concrete. The bricks have a maximum compressive strength of 10 N/mm2 which is within the standard range and have less water absorbing tendencies hence have a longer lifespan. Value addition is equally important in the pyrolysis plant so as to contribute to sustainable development. This book chapter reviews the different products such as polyethylene terephthalate composite bricks and flexible pavements which can effectively use polyethylene terephthalate waste as a raw material.
Strategies for Site-Specific Radiolabeling of Peptides and Proteins
Authors: Dijkgraaf Ingrid , M. Agten Stijn , Bauwens Matthias , M. Hackeng Tilman 
Published: October 2021

Although anatomical imaging modalities (X-ray, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) still have a higher spatial resolution (0.1–1 mm) than molecular imaging modalities (single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), optical imaging (OI)), the advantage of molecular imaging is that it can detect molecular and cellular changes at the onset of a disease before it leads to morphological tissue changes, which can be detected by anatomical imaging. During the last decades, noninvasive diagnostic imaging has encountered a rapid growth due to the development of dedicated imaging equipment for preclinical animal studies. In addition, the introduction of multimodality imaging (PET/CT, SPECT/CT, PET/MRI) which combines high-resolution conventional anatomical imaging with high sensitivity of tracer-based molecular imaging techniques has led to successful accomplishments in this exciting field. In this book chapter, we will focus on chemical synthesis techniques for site-specific incorporation of radionuclide chelators. Subsequently, radiolabeling based on complexation of a radionuclide with a chelator will be discussed, with focus on: diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-triacetic acid (NOTA), hexa-histidine (His-tag), and 6-hydrazinonicotinic acid (HYNIC) that allow the production of peptides labeled with 18F, 68Ga, 99mTc, and 111In – the currently most widely used isotopes.
Breaking the Cycle of Trauma – Koori Parenting, What Works for Us
Authors: Gee Graham , Lesniowska Raelene , Santhanam-Martin Radhika , Chamberlain Catherine 
Published: October 2021

Objective:To develop an understanding of parenting strategies used by Aboriginal Australian parents impacted by colonisation and other forms of adversity to break cycles of trauma within families.Design:“Yarning circles” involving qualitative interviews with six Aboriginal parents were conducted. Parents who identified as having experienced childhood histories of trauma and historical loss were asked about parenting strategies that helped them to break cycles of intergenerational trauma. Interviews were transcribed and independently coded by Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal psychologists who worked for an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation.Results:Parents identified over 100 strategies associated with parenting and breaking cycles of trauma. Some strategies aligned well with research on the protective effects of safe, stable, nurturing relationships. Other strategies focused upon domains of culture, community, and history, and addressed issues such as family violence, colonisation, and the intergenerational links between trauma and parenting. The strategies were collated into a community resource that could be used by other Aboriginal parents.Conclusion:Parental histories of colonisation and interpersonal and intergenerational trauma can have a significant impact on kinship networks and community environments that Aboriginal parenting practices are embedded within. Parents who identified with having managed to break cycles of trauma reported using a wide range of successful parenting strategies. These strategies serve a diversity of functions, such as parenting approaches that aim to directly influence children’s behaviour and foster wellbeing, manage family and community conflict, and manage parental histories of trauma and trauma responses in ways that mitigate the impact on their children.
L’alexandrin dans la tragédie humaniste en France au XVIe siècle : un choix
politique
Authors: Denoyer Brice 
Published: October 2021

L’alexandrin est indissolublement lié au succès du théâtre français classique. Le
caractère d’évidence qui semble les réunir n’a pourtant rien de naturel, et cette relation
s’inscrit en réalité dans une historicité où le politique a une part prépondérante. Nombre
de mystères demeurent lorsque l’on essaye d’expliquer pour quelle raison les dramaturges du
XVIe siècle ont favorisé ce vers alors peu usité, et réservé auparavant à des
usages très spécifiques – hormis durant une période où il fut à la mode, vers le
XIIIe siècle, pour le genre épique. Fortement lié à la traduction et à la
réappropriation de l’héritage théâtral antique, le choix de l’alexandrin a aussi une
indéniable portée politique : vers prestigieux d’abord, par sa rareté comme par ses usages,
il devient en outre associé, au cours du XVIe siècle, à la réinvention du modèle
de tragédie à l’antique. Du fait de son prestige, il devient facilement le vers par
excellence des personnages puissants, dont le statut social ne saurait être représenté sur
scène que dans une parole « altiloque », comme le dit Ronsard, dont l’alexandrin devient le
vecteur évident. Les auteurs ne cesseront, au fur et à mesure que le siècle se déroule, de
jouer des parallélismes qui peuvent exister entre les discours expressément politiques et
les tragédies (en témoignent par exemple les liens poétiques et politiques reliant chez
Garnier l’Hymne à la monarchie et plusieurs de ses pièces) : là encore, ils se
réapproprient les exigences de la rhétorique antique, sans ignorer que de telles exigences
valent pour une parole publique dont la portée politique n’est pas à mésestimer. Dès lors,
l’utilisation de plus en plus constante de l’alexandrin comme vers du dialogue
tragique devient une métaphore parfaite de la complexité de la chose politique, mise en
scène alors comme une somme fragmentaire de discours antithétiques, faisant du politique un
objet de représentations (dans tous les sens du terme) et de débats.
Lutter contre la Révolution. Péritexte et voix du traducteur dans le Mercurio britannico (1798-1800)
Authors: Piselli Francesca , Lupi Regina 
Published: October 2021

La note allographe infrapaginale est un élément stratégique de l’appareil péritextuel et un seuil où le traducteur et/ou l’éditeur font entendre leur voix. Cet article s’intéresse aux notes de bas de page ajoutées par le traducteur dans leMercurio britannico, version italienne du périodiqueMercure britannique, publié à Londres de 1798 à 1800, qui joua un rôle remarquable dans la circulation des idées contre-révolutionnaires. Nous nous demandons quelles sont les fonctions assumées par la voix du traducteur et si ses notes infrapaginales seraient un indice révélateur de sa volonté d’« agir politique ». Pour répondre à ce questionnement, nous nous penchons d’abord sur le projet éditorial et les enjeux politiques duMercurio britannico.Nous présentons ensuite une typologie de quatre fonctions remplies par les notes de bas de page en nous appuyant sur de nombreux exemples. L’accent est mis sur les multiples fonctions de cet espace liminaire et, plus généralement, sur les dynamiques qui se tissent entre traduction et circulation des idées politiques. Enfin, dans la conclusion, nous revenons sur les résultats de notre analyse et des pistes de réflexion sont proposées.
La poésie comme une « image ». Emplois et valeurs du mot dans le discours critique des poètes français
Authors: Chol Isabelle , Reverseau Anne 
Published: October 2021

Si les réflexions sur l’image ne sont pas nouvelles, qu’elles s’inscrivent dans le champ de la rhétorique, de l’esthétique, mais aussi de la physiologie et de la psychologie qui se sont développées au xixe siècle, le mot est particulièrement fréquent dans le premier tiers du xxe siècle, marqué par le symbolisme finissant, l’esprit nouveau et les premières avant-gardes. Il prend place au sein de discours qui tentent de réévaluer les « moyens » de la création poétique et, plus largement, d’en définir les contours, notamment au regard des arts visuels. Cet article se propose d’étudier les valeurs et les enjeux du mot « image » dans le discours critique des poètes français, afin d’observer pourquoi et comment différents types d’images sont convoquées comme modèles dans la poésie française de l’entre-deux-guerres. Il s’agira alors d’analyser les glissements entre les valeurs du mot « image », cette dernière étant apte à désigner, dans sa polysémie, les arts visuels et la poésie, et s’avérant, dans ce dernier champ, un moyen spécifique autant qu’une dynamique globale du poème et de la création poétique, alors entendue au-delà de ses frontières linguistiques.