bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of progressive information technologies in medicine: computer diagnostics and 3D technologies
Authors: Yu Bogaevskaya O , Yumashev A V , Zolkin A L , Smirnova O A , Chistyakov M S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The article shows the features of the use of information technology in the medicine. In the modern world, computer technology is an integral part of a medicine. With the help of information technologies, the doctor is able to visualize information at various stages of work, create and maintain a data bank associated with various information medical systems, and have access to expert systems for making a diagnosis. With the support of 3D modeling, 3D scanning and 3D printing, it has become permissible to form medical products that are extremely adapted to the individual characteristics of the person. This article discusses the positive aspects of the introduction of information technologies in medicine and the problems that hinder their implementation, at the same time, some ideas are proposed that are necessary to improve the quality of healthcare.
The evaluation of the possibility of using the acousticemission method for monitoring critical membranes
Authors: Olehver A I , Yu Remshev E , Vornacheva I V , Scherbakov A P , Voinash S A , Teterina I A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the article, the existing problems of production and control of membranes that collapse under the influence of internal pressure are considered. The acoustic emission methodis proposed as a promising method for non-destructive testing of products. The results of full-scale tensile tests and loading by internal pressure of aluminum samples with registration of acoustic emission signals are presented. A pronounced relationship between AE signals and membrane actuation is observed.
Modeling of biosystems from the stand point of “complexity” by W. Weaver and “fuzziness” by L.A. Zadeh
Authors: Eskov V V 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The founder of information theory W. Weaver in 1948 and the theory of “Fuzziness” L.A. Zadeh spoke about the specifics of the behavior of living systems. In particular, W. Weaver took all living systems-systems of the third type-beyond the stochastic and deterministic approaches. Over the past many decades, no one has tried to test the hypotheses of these scientists from the standpoint of a special information approach to the description of biosystems. In recent years, the Eskov-Zinchenko effect was discovered, which dramatically changed the methods in the description of living systems. This effect is based on the proof of statistical instability of the samples of parameters of any functions of the human body. In this case, an analog of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle is introduced in the description of biosystems. As a result, new information technologies and new models for describing biological systems are emerging.
Results of the full-factor experiments of prophylactic footwear construction recommended for patients with insular diabetes
Authors: Djuraev A , Mukhammedova M O , Uzakova L P , Mansurova M A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The article covers the results of full-factor experiments of prophylactic footwear recommended for patients with diabetes. Comparative effects results of production determined the optimal parameters of prophylactic footwear are given. The article evaluates the use of orthopedic shoes in patients with diabetes mellitus with a foot ulcer or a minor previous one. Special prophylactic footwear with inner insole have been studied and applied and have been proven to relieve toenail pain in diabetes, thereby reducing the maximum pressure of the toe. The analysis of the dependence graphs obtained on the basis of analytical solutions of the regression equations obtained as a result of the conducted experiments and full factorial experiments is given.
Application of high technologies in modern diabetology
Authors: Sakhabieva E V , Levit S , Musin I N , Lisanevich M S , Tsareva E E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Currently there are two types of devices determining blood glucose level on an ambulatory basis: self-monitoring of blood glucose using glucometers (Self-monitoring of blood glucose, SMBG) and various CGM devices (Continuous Glucose Monitoring) - continuous monitoring systems glucose. Nowadays CGM can definitely be called “ECG diabetes” and it is widely used in medical practice to treat the disease. Continuous monitoring of blood sugar level becomes the necessary tool for motivating people to change their lifestyle and it is very important component of effective treatment. With a therapeutic approach from the position of a “gravicentric concept” based on lowering glucose level by reducing the patient’s weight, remission of the disease and complete restoration of carbohydrate metabolism are no longer a myth. According to recent researches the transition of therapeutic goals from blood glucose targets (HBA1C) to metabolic goals (reducing body mass index - BMI) leads to quick results. The interpretation of CGM monitoring data based on a clinical example is described. CGM monitoring shows that in patients with T2DM the coefficient of variability is an easily accessible and most informative index confirming the restoration of functional abilities and secretion of endogenous insulin through metabolic recovery.
Risk identification of calibration laboratories
Authors: Kirimova K V , Sorochkina O Y , Savvin K E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to the identification, ranking and quantitative analysis of the risks that affect the quality of calibration work in the calibration laboratory. The paper used the brainstorming technique, the Ishikawa chart, and the ranking method for research. The results are represented by the Pareto chart. The ranked list was compiled based on the statistical data of the calibration laboratory. The ranked list was used as assessment criteria of risk.
Modeling of a dynamic discrete cellular system
Authors: Opalikhina Olga 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cellular automata have found application in the study of discrete dynamic processes of physical reality. The article deals with the evolution of a discrete dynamic cellular system modeled in the Wolfram Mathematica computer environment. A comparative analysis of various variants of the cellular automaton model implementation is given: according to rules 90, 105 and 110. An algorithm for modeling the deformed state of a solid body using rule 110 is proposed. To simulate local structures that simulate stress concentrators, the algorithm is supplemented by generating a sequence of pseudo-random numbers. The simulation results showed that the appearance of stress concentrators corresponds to the transition from deterministic to chaotic behavior of a discrete cellular system. The article also estimates the possibility of using a discrete cellular system to simulate the turbulent motion of an incompressible fluid based on a generalized local balance model. The appearance of turbulence zones can be estimated by changing the pattern of the cellular automaton.
Calculation and assessment of measures of the residual operating life of non-restorable items
Authors: Sadykhov G S , Kudryavtseva S S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The widespread use of cutting-edge components in the composition of non-restorable items has made it difficult to assess their reliability at the stages of designing and production. Therefore, items with underestimated values of the assigned (warranted) operating life are put into operation. By now, the service life of such items has reached the assigned limits, the items still maintaining a fairly high dependability rate. Thus, there has been a problem of extending the service life beyond the originally assigned rates. As originally assigned rates are determined by such measures as the mean operating life and gamma-percentile operating life, the non-restorable item’s life margin is determined as related to these rates by means of measures of the residual operating life, namely the mean residual operating life and gamma-percentile residual operating life. The mean residual operating life and gamma-percentile residual operating life are determined in this paper, to calculate the extendable service life. For these measures, we have derived calculation formulas and assessments which make it possible to determine the extended service life. In addition, for these measures, calculation formulas and assessments are obtained for non-restorable items whose margin allocation is distributed exponentially and uniformly. The paper examines the issues of attainability of the obtained assessments and the conditions of their attainability; also, the influence of failure rate monotonic change on the assessments is analyzed.
Analysis of errors in measuring displacement by a laser interferometer used as a feedback sensor precision lathe module feed drive
Authors: Ignatiev A A , Sigitov E A , Dobryakov V A , Ignatiev S A , Kazinsky A A , Nasad T G , Bokova L G 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The article considers the structure of errors in measuring the displacement by a laser interferometer used as a feedback sensor for the feed drive of a turning module, and the conditions for their minimization to ensure precision machining of parts.
Digital traceability of measuring information
Authors: Zhirnova E A , Kulakova N S , Kuzmich R I , Yakimova L D , Kashapova N R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The issues of improving the quality of measurements on the basis of ensuring digital traceability of measuring information for measuring the volumetric flow rate of liquid on the example of water meters are investigated. The main technical and metrological characteristics of portable calibration facilities were considered. Comparative analysis of portable installations by differential and complex methods was carried out. New requirements for measuring equipment are substantiated. Based on the use of information technology, a model for ensuring the traceability of measuring information when checking water meters was developed.
Multi-objective Optimization of Intake Pipe and Valve Timing Based on Improved NSGA-II
Authors: Wei Sihang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The current research is based on a high-speed gasoline engine. The influence of intake pipe structural parameters and valve timing on engine’s performance was analysed by establishing thermodynamic model through software GT-Power. Full factorial experimental design was adopted and moving least squares method to establish response surface model at the full-load speed of 5500 r/min. Multi-objective optimization is carried out with genetic algorithm to solve Pareto frontier curve of economic and dynamic performance. The optimization effect by simulation was verified afterwards. The optimization can serve as guidance to determine valve timing of the fully variable valve and intake pipe. Optimization method proposed to this paper provides control parameters and theoretical basis for fully variable valve and intake pipe, reduces experimental workload and improves development efficiency.
Research and Application of Attitude Control and Stability Adjustment Technology for Underwater Robot Platform
Authors: Shi Hankun , Wang Xuelin , Zhang Wei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This research is mainly aimed at the difficulty in maintaining the stability of the position and posture of underwater visual equipment, and it is unable to provide reliable images for underwater search and salvage rescue operations. Investigating the existing mature technology and scheme, combined with the characteristics of the underwater operation of the visual equipment and based on the comprehensive analysis, a set of motion attitude stability analysis theory suitable for the underwater platform is proposed. Combined with various control theories, the motion control equations of underwater robots are established, and the optimal control method is designed. The control method is verified by computer simulation.The research results of the project can provide a reliable technical support and decision-making means for underwater search and salvage work, improve the automation level of underwater operations, reduce the difficulty of underwater operations, and improve the comprehensive response capability and technical level of deepwater search and rescue salvage levels.
An evaluation of Lidar-based 2D SLAM techniques with an exploration mode
Authors: Fan X , Wang Y , Zhang Z 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
SLAM is a fundamental problem in robotic field and there have been many techniques on it. It is necessary to give an insight on weakness and strength of these techniques specific to the intended final application. This paper presents a study of three most common laser-based 2D SLAM techniques: Gmapping, KartoSLAM and Cartographer. Each technique was applied to construct maps combined with autonomous exploration. All the approaches have been evaluated and compared in terms of inaccuracy of constructed maps against the ground truth. In order to draw conclusions on the performance of the tested techniques, a metrics of average distance to the nearest neighbor (ADNN) was applied. Moreover, the computational load of each technique is examined.
Future RPC developments
Authors: Cardarelli R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Resistive Plate Chamber detectors (RPC) proposed in the
'80s had time resolution of the order of ns, the spatial resolution
of the order of cm and counting capability of tens of
Hz/cm2. These detectors underwent since then a great
improvement in their performances. The improvement in counting
capability was obtained decreasing the average counting charge
thanks to a very high-performance front-end, which made it possible
to switch from the streamer discharge to the avalanche discharge
regime. The improvement in time resolution was achieved by
decreasing the thickness of the gas gap (MultiGap-RPCs) or
increasing the gas pressure (Pestov-RPCs). The improvement in
spatial resolution was obtained by measuring the position with the
charge weighted centre method by means of a very low noise analogic
electronics. In this paper, we suggest the possibility of creating
cylindrical RPCs called RCCs (Resistive Cylindric Chambers). We
discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the cylindrical
configuration, which could allow to obtain high temporal resolution
with a single thick pressurized gas-gap. Very preliminary results
were obtained with a RCC prototype. Possible application in future
experiments are discussed.
Finite element simulation and experimental verification of quasi-static compression properties for 3D spacer fabric/hollow microspheres reinforced three phase composites
Authors: Yu Lingjie , He Xiaoyi , Liang Fanchao , Meng Jiaguang , Fu Sida , Zhi Chao , Zhang Yuming , Sun Fengxin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To enhance the compressive properties of syntactic foams, a new type of ternary composite named 3D spacer fabric/hollow microspheres reinforced composite (3DSMRC) was designed by adding warp-knitted space fabric (WKSF) into traditional syntactic foam. In order deeply understand the meso-mechanical properties of 3DSMRC composites, the compression tests of 3DSMRC were carried out and the quasi-static compression finite element models were established based on COMSOL Multiphysics. The results show that the compression properties of 3DSMRC were obviously controlled by structures of WKSF. To be specific, the 3DSMRC composites with more spacer yarns per unit area could withstand higher critical load, and with denser surface layers and larger spacer yarns inclination-angle could gain better compression capacities. Meanwhile, different types of microspheres also had important impact on the compression capacities of specimens, which could be improved by using smaller radius ratio (higher strength) microspheres. In addition, the finite element model can accurately reproduce the compression process and stress-strain curves of representative 3DSMRC samples, and then accurately simulate the values of compressive modulus and yield strength. The simulation and experimental studies of 3DSMRC can help to obtain a better and deeper understanding of the compression properties of this new type of composite, and finally provide a useful theoretical reference for the optimization design of 3DSMRC.
Backscatter factors calculation for intraoral dental radiology
Authors: Paixão Lucas , Oliveira Bruno B , Vieira Leandro A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The dosimetry of intraoral radiography procedures is of great interest since dental examinations are among the most numerous radiological procedures. Usually, the surveys are performed using measurements free in air. The entrance surface air kerma (K

e
) can be estimated from measurements of incident air kerma and the use of backscatter factors (BSF). The purpose of this work is to calculate BSF values suitable for intraoral radiography. In addition to specific intraoral radiography, a comprehensive reassessment of internationally recommended BSF values was performed through Monte Carlo simulations. Moreover, the K

e
was estimated using the calculated BSF values for a sample of 44 intraoral radiography systems. The interpolation of intraoral radiography BSF values from reference data can lead to an overestimation of up to 10% and 6% in comparison with the values calculated in this work for monoenergetic photons and x-ray spectra, respectively. Such discrepancy may be relevant when defining diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) or performing quality control tests. The calculations for a sample of 44 intraoral radiography systems showed that the majority of the equipment operates with an entrance surface air kerma higher than 3.5 mGy. In the case of adopting a single value to estimate K

e
, the use of BSF equal to 1.2 results in less dispersion compared to calculated values in this work and the use of 1.1 can underestimate K

e
values up to 12%.
Methods used to attribute costs avoided from pharmacist interventions in acute care: A scoping review
Authors: Narayan Sujita W , Abraham Ivo , Erstad Brian L , Haas Curtis E , Sanders Arthur , Patanwala Asad E 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeCost-avoidance studies are common in pharmacy practice literature. This scoping review summarizes, critiques, and identifies current limitations of the methods that have been used to determine cost avoidance associated with pharmacists’ interventions in acute care settings.MethodsAn Embase and MEDLINE search was conducted to identify studies that estimated cost avoidance from pharmacist interventions in acute care settings. We included studies with human participants and articles published in English from July 2010 to January 2021, with the intent of summarizing the evidence most relevant to contemporary practice.ResultsThe database search retrieved 129 articles, of which 39 were included. Among these publications, less than half (18 of 39) mentioned whether the researchers assigned a probability for the occurrence of a harmful consequence in the absence of an intervention; thus, a 100% probability of a harmful consequence was assumed. Eleven of the 39 articles identified the specific harm that would occur in the absence of intervention. No clear methods of estimating cost avoidance could be identified for 7 studies. Among all 39 included articles, only 1 attributed both a probability to the potential harm and identified the cost specific to that harm.ConclusionCost-avoidance studies of pharmacists’ interventions in acute care settings over the last decade have common flaws and provide estimates that are likely to be inflated. There is a need for guidance on consistent methodology for such investigations for reporting of results and to confirm the validity of their economic implications.
The Impact of the Coronavirus Lockdown on Domestic Violence
Authors: McCrary Justin , Sanga Sarath 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe use 911 call records and mobile device location data to study the impact of the coronavirus lockdown on domestic violence. The percent of people at home sharply increased at all hours, and nearly doubled during regular working hours, from 45% to 85%. Domestic violence increased 12% on average and 20% during working hours. Using neighborhood-level identifiers, we show that the rate of first-time abuse likely increased even more: 16% on average and 23% during working hours. Our results contribute to an urgent need to quantify the physical and psychological burdens of prolonged lockdown policies.
Large-Volume Autologous Fat Grafting to the Breast
Authors: Nahabedian Maurice Y 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Autologous fat grafting in the setting of breast augmentation and reconstruction has become globally accepted and routinely performed. There is general consensus that small-volume grafting is reproducible and predictable; however, large-volume fat grafting (&gt;100 mL) is less predictable and is not as commonly performed. The aim of this article was to review outcomes following large-volume and megavolume fat grafting in the setting of breast augmentation and reconstruction.
Level of Evidence: 4
Facial Rejuvenation With Fat Grafting and Fillers
Authors: Crowley J Sarah , Kream Elizabeth , Fabi Sabrina , Cohen Steven R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Facial rejuvenation requires a multi-modality approach to address the sun damage, volume loss, and thinning of skin that occurs with aging. With age, the collagen fibrils that provide strength become fragmented and fibroblasts connections become weak, leading to skin laxity and loss of youthful skin. Fillers can lead to a more youthful appearance by providing volumetric support. Synthetic fillers such as hyaluronic acid products, calcium hydroxyapatite, polylactic acid, and polymethylmethacralate have bio-stimulatory affects, ranging from small effects on fibroblast production to prolonged stimulatory effects on dermal thickness and blood supply. Fat grafting is also an ideal technique for facial rejuvenation because it is readily available, natural, and has regenerative effects. This review describes a new technique of fat grafting for the face called Injectable Tissue Replacement and Regeneration that specifically addresses the different anatomic compartments of the face with volume loss. With this brief review, we aim to evaluate the currents trends of fat grafting and fillers in the management of facial rejuvenation, including the cellular changes that occur with facial aging, the bio-stimulatory effects of fillers, and the anatomic replacement of tissue with fat grafting.
&gt;Level of Evidence: 4
Surgical Decision Making in Autologous Fat Grafting: An Evidence-Based Review of Techniques to Maximize Fat Survival
Authors: Nemir Stephanie , Hanson Summer E , Chu Carrie K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Autologous fat grafting is an important tool in plastic surgery and is widely used for a variety of applications, both aesthetic and reconstructive. Despite an ever-increasing list of indications and extensive research over many years into improving outcomes, fat grafting remains plagued by incomplete and often unpredictable graft survival. Decisions made at each stage of surgery can potentially contribute to ultimate success, including donor site selection and preparation, fat harvest, processing, and purification of lipoaspirate, recipient site preparation, and delivery of harvested fat to the recipient site. In this review, we examine the evidence for and against proposed techniques at each stage of fat grafting. Areas of consensus identified include use of larger harvesting and grafting cannulas and slow injection speeds to limit cell damage due to shearing forces, grafting techniques emphasizing dispersion of fat throughout the tissue with avoidance of graft pooling, and minimizing exposure of the lipoaspirate to the environment during processing. Safety considerations include use of blunt-tipped needles or cannulas to avoid inadvertent intravascular injection as well as awareness of cannula position and avoidance of danger zones such as the subgluteal venous plexus. We believe that using the evidence to guide surgical decision-making is the key to maximizing fat grafting success.
Level of Evidence: 4