bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultural Citizenship, Popular Culture and Gender: Examining Audience Understandings of The Handmaid’s Tale in Hungary
Authors: Strickland-Pajtok Agnes 
Published: June 2021

This article examines how audiences engage with popular culture in ways that forge political awareness and civic engagement. Through exploring the various levels of engagement of Hungarian women with the 2017–2020 television adaptation of The Handmaid’s Tale, this study answers questions such as: How do Hungarian female audiences engage with topics raised in The Handmaid’s Tale? How does their engagement with the show encourage cultural citizenship? Based on in-depth interviews with twenty-two Hungarian women, this qualitative empirical research sheds light on the role of television drama series in facilitating the manifestation of cultural citizenship as an arena of identity-construction and community-formation.
انتاج زيت محركات الديزل 15 W-40 بمستوى اداء CI-4
Authors: الكعبي رحيم عامر 
Published: June 2021

في هذا البحث تم انتاج زيوت جديدة منافسة للزيوت العالمية مما يعكس مردود اقتصادي ايجابي لشركة مصافي الوسط وتقليل الزيوت المستوردة دعما للاقتصاد الوطني وقانون حماية المنتج العراقي مع توضيح بعض المصطلحات والمفاهيم الاساسية لانتاج الزيوت الجاهزة مما يمكن من معرفة النقاط الرئيسية لتقييم الزيوت، وكذلك تم التطرق الى انواع زيوت الاساس التي يتم تصنيع الزيوت الجاهزة منها وطريق الحصول على زيوت اساس بمستويات مختلفة والوحدات الانتاجية المستخدمة لذلك .
تم الاعتماد في اساليب البحث على المقارنة مع الزيوت المستوردة والمصنعة حسب شهادات عالمية وبالتنسيق مع قسم البحوث والسيطرة النوعية .
تم اجراء تجارب مختبرية بنسب مختلفة للمزج لحين الوصول الى النتائج المطلوبة وباستخدام اجهزة مختبرية لاجراء الفحوصات المطلوبة وحسب المعايير العالمية .
حيث تم اجراء عدة تجارب بتغيير نسب المزج بين زيوت الاساس (SN-150,SN-500) وكما سيتم توضحيها لاحقا اضافة الى تغيير في نسب اضافات محسن اللزوجة (V.I) وكذلك تغيير محسن درجة الانسكاب (P.P.D) مع البقاء على نسبة المحسن ثابتة (MX-2171) والتي تبلغ wt.% 13.6.
وتم التوصل الى نتائج نهائية لنسب المزج للحصول على مواصفات مطابقة لزيت محركات الديزل مطابق للمواصفات العالمية حيث كانت نسبة المحسن MX-5217 بحدود %13.6 الذي يعتبر هو المحسن الرئيسي وكذلك محسن اللزوجة كانت النسبة 3.0% ونسبة خافض درجة الانسكاب كانت نسبة الاضافة 1.5% اما بالنسبة لمزيج زيوت الاساس فكانت بالنسبة لزيت اساس SN-150 بحدود 18.0% وزيت الاساس SN-500 فقد كانت النسبة 36.9% علما ان جميع النسب المذكورة انفا هي نسب وزنية.
تقدير عوائد ومخاطر تقلبات أسعار النفط في السوق الدولية للمدة (1990 – 2017)
Authors: الجناني عمار نعيم , الجابري قصي عبود فرج 
Published: June 2021

يهدف البحث الى تحليل تقلبات أسعار النفط الخام في السوق الدولية للمدة (1990 – 2017)، فضلاً عن تقدير عوائد سوق النفط الدولية والمخاطر التي تنتابها جراء تقلبات أسعار النفط الخام باستعمال نماذج (GARCH)، وتوصل البحث الى أن متوسط عائد تقلبات أسعار نفط خام برنت في السوق الدولية حوالي (1.12%) شهرياً، فضلاً عن وجود نسبة مخاطر في سوق النفط الدولية بحوالي (0.32%).
الكلمات المفتاحية: تقلبات أسعار النفط الخام، نموذج GARCH – M، نموذج EGARCH – M، نموذج IGARCH – M.
Frederick Douglass's Prospective Aesthetic Theory
Authors: Kelly Michael 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Frederick Douglass developed an aesthetic theory during the Civil War in four lectures entitled “Life Pictures,” “Lecture on Pictures,” “Age of Pictures,” and “Pictures and Progress.” But his aesthetic theory is underestimated by Douglass scholars and others, often in favor of his various types of aesthetic practice, such as photography, autobiography, and speeches. There are several reasons to give Douglass's aesthetic theory its due. First, we can recognize that Douglass self-consciously engaged in theory to combat the racist belief that, being black, he was incapable of expounding any philosophy. Second, we can understand why he was convinced that art was able to contribute to abolition and racial equality. Third, we can better appreciate the aesthetics of Douglass's picture making, speeches, political activities, and lived experiences if we know more about his theoretical account of them. Prospectively, many key elements of contemporary critical aesthetic theory are present in Douglass's aesthetic theory.
Two Kinds of Postracialism
Authors: Massey Heath 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Philosophers who work on race and racism have been reluctant to embrace the notion that the United States is, or will soon be, a postracial society. For many, this view is refuted by a wealth of evidence that racism persists in many forms and that race continues to have a significant impact on one's life chances. Nevertheless, some critics of postracialism have refused to reject it in principle or have exempted a particular variety of it from their critiques. This essay attempts to show that the ideal of a postracial society is actually a combination of two contradictory tendencies, each defined by its temporality. Distinguishing these tendencies allows us to see that there are two fundamentally different types of postracialism with contradictory assumptions and conflicting priorities.
Okra Production Constraints and Awareness of Seed-Borne Fungi Infection in Ten Major Okra Growing Communities of the Ashanti Region of Ghana
Authors: Cobbinah P. , Kwoseh C. K. 
Published: June 2021

Okra production is one of the major sources of livelihood for the majority of farmers in the Ashanti region of Ghana. In view of this a survey was conducted among okra farmers in 10 major okra growing communities in Ashanti region of Ghana namely Mankranso, Mfensi-Adankwame, Beposo, Abompe, Kotokuom, Nkwanta-Kesse, Atwima Mim, Abaesua, Offinso and Nerebehi between October, 2017 and March, 2018 to assess their production constraints and awareness of seed-borne fungi infection menace and it management in okra. Data were obtained from 100 okra farmers selected using multi-stage sampling procedure through the use of structured questionnaire and interviews. Data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows. Descriptive statistics were used and means were presented using tables and graphs. There was a clear dominance of male (75 %) as against female (25 %). Ninety-one percent (91%) of the farmers were married. Fifty four percent (54%) had basic education and 43% had no formal education. Approximately, 42 % of the farmers have been in okra production for over 10 years. Fifty three percent of the farmers intercropped okra with other vegetables. Majority (38%) of the farmers cultivated okra from two to three hectares. Most of the farmers (34 %) ranked pest infestation followed by diseases (24 %) as the major constraints of okra production. Majority (77 %) of the farmers were not aware of seed-borne fungi of okra and therefore most (73 %) of them did not manage the infection. Farmers should therefore be educated by extension officers on seed-borne fungi to create their awareness of the seed-borne infection in the study areas for effective management.
Growth-enhanced Performance by Pleurotus ostreatus Cultivated on Salon Effluent and Spent Calcium-carbide Amended Substrates
Authors: Oni Juliet Oluwatominiyi , Agba Mary-Ibenreh Ogaboh , Bassey Glory Akpan , Markson Aniedi-Abasi Akpan 
Published: June 2021

Aims: To investigate the growth response of Pleurotus ostreatus, a wood-rotting fungus, to different growth substrates [Sawdust (SD), dry banana leaves (BL) and a combination of both BL and SD (BLSD)] amended with waste [salon effluent (SE) and spent calcium-carbide (SC)].
Place and duration of study: Department of Plant and Ecological Studies, University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria, between May 2015 and August 2015.
Methodology: Amendments were applied to growth substrates at different levels of concentration as follows: 0 ml and 0 g, 5 ml and 5 g, 10 ml and 10 g, 15 ml and 15 g per kg substrate. Mature mushrooms were harvested and assessed on the following parameters; number of fruit bodies, fresh weight, dry weight, length of stipe, girth of stipe, pileus area using conventional method.
Results: Number of fruitbodies, fresh weight, dry weight and stipe length increased with increase in concentration of additives. Best performances of these growth parameters were obtained at 15 g/kg and 15 ml/kg concentration. The highest number of fruitbodies (with a peak mean value of 28.42 fruitbodies at 15 g/kg concentration), highest value of fresh weight and dry weight were observed in SD. The longest stipe length, largest stipe girth and pileus area were observed in BLSD, though it exhibited least performances in other growth parameters. BLSD amended with salon effluent produced mushrooms with the largest pileus area (with a peak mean value of 53.8 cm2 at 15ml concentration) compared to the other substrates.
Conclusion: This study reveals that all growth parameters of P. ostreatus assessed were positively influenced by all the levels of amendments on the substrates used in this study. Therefore, these wastes could be used to increase the yield of P. ostreatus and possibly remediate sites polluted by these wastes.
Interaction effect of Spacing and Nutrient Levels on N, P and K Content and Uptake of Isabgol Plant (Planatago ovata forsk) under Eastern Dry Zone of Karnataka
Authors: Eragegowda M. , Gowda A. P. Mallikarjuna , Pushpa T. N. , Maruthiprasad B. N. , Thimmegowda M. N. , Smitha G. R. 
Published: June 2021

The experiment was laid out in a Factorial Randomized Block Design with sixteen treatments and replicated three times. There was no significant difference among the treatments with respect to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of leaves under different levels of planting geometry and interaction effect. But different nutrient levels had significant influence in the N, P and K content in isabgol plant. Higher N (3.76%), P (0.7%) and K (3.59 %) content in the leaves was observed when plants supplied with 75 % RDF (37.5:18.75:22.50 + 7.5 t FYM). The maximum uptake of N (229.11 kg /ha), P (43.98 kg /ha) and K (218.46 kg /ha) was found at row spacing of 22.5 cm, which was significantly superior to other spacing levels.Nutrients had significantly influenced the N, P and K uptake. The 75 % RDF (37.5:18.75:22.50 + 7.5 t FYM) level recorded maximum uptake of N (166.36 kg /ha), P (32.13 kg /ha) and K (158.39 kg /ha), which was significantly superior to all other nutrient levels.Among the interactions, 22.5 cm row spacing + 75 % RDF (37.5:18.75:22.50 + 7.5 t FYM) recorded significantly maximum N, P and K uptake (252.05, 49.31 and 238.85 kg/ha respectively).
Where, RDF= recommended dose of fertlizer, FYM = Farm yard manure
Mechanical and Self‐Deformable Spatial Modulation Beam Steering and Splitting Metasurface
Authors: Phon Ratanak , Kim Yeonju , Park Eiyong , Jeong Heijun , Lim Sungjoon 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMetasurfaces or artificial electromagnetic structures, offer feasible options to manipulate electromagnetic waves with compact and planar form factors. Tuneable metasurfaces can steer and split the electromagnetic wavefront, and are strongly desirable for many engineering and science applications. However, realizing tuneable metasurfaces that can achieve integrated diversified functionalities is somewhat challenging. This work proposes a simple spatial modulation mechanism to realize beam steering and splitting between left‐handed and right‐handed circularly polarized waves. A prototype proposed structure using 4D printing is fabricated to provide mechanical and self‐deformation flexibility with different operating modes. Underlying concepts are confirmed and verified by theoretical predictions, numerical simulations, and experiments.
Response of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell to step changes in mass flow rates
Authors: Kupeli Seda , Celik Erman , Karagoz Irfan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTransient regime effects are particularly important in fuel cells designed for vehicles. Three‐dimensional modeling of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with a serpentine channel is presented, and the response of the fuel cell to a step‐change in the mass flow rates is analyzed by using the computational fluid dynamics techniques. After a validation study of the mathematical and numerical model, step increases of 20% in mass flow rates are applied to the inlet boundary conditions, and time dependent power and current density responses of the fuel cell are analyzed. Polarization curves are generated for the assessment of the fuel cell performance, and their variations in time are presented. The results show that current and power densities increase with time at low cell voltage values due to concentration losses; however, increases in power and current are negligible at high voltages.
Detection of Enterovirus, Herpes Simplex, Varicella Zoster, Epstein‐Barr and Cytomegalovirus in cerebrospinal fluid in meningitis patients in Iran
Authors: Tavakolian Shaian , Goudarzi Hossein , Eslami Gita , Darazam Ilad Alavi , Dehghan Golnaz , Faghihloo Ebrahim 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite medical advances, central nervous system (CNS) diseases put a pressure on the health care system. A number of risk factors, especially infectious agents can accelerate the progression of meningitis. As viruses probably account for most cases of meningitis, the diagnosis of them can reduce antibiotic prescriptions. Among various types of infectious diseases, the relationship between two important virus families, including Picornaviridae and Herpesviridae, and meningitis has attracted attraction.MethodsIn this study, one hundred and two samples were collected from patients who experienced symptoms, such as the loss of consciousness, seizures, muscle weakness, fever, headache, rash, and severe dementia, between November 2018 and September 2019. After RNA and DNA extraction, the prevalence of Enterovirus (EV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1), Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV‐2), and Varicella zoster virus (VZV) was evaluated using PCR, multiplex PCR, and nested PCR.ResultsResults indicated that there were two VZV DNA‐positive specimens, while six and five samples were infected with HSV‐1 and EBV, respectively.ConclusionWe reported that the prevalence of EBV, HSV‐1, and VZV in patients, suffering from meningitis cannot be ignored; however, further investigation is needed.
Amplification characteristics in active tapered segmented cladding fiber with large mode area
Authors: Xie Caijian , Ning Tigang , Zheng Jingjing , Pei Li , Wang Jianshuai , Li Jing , You Haidong , Wang Chuangye , Gao Xuekai 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A kind of tapered segmented cladding fiber (T-SCF) with large mode area (LMA) is proposed, and the mode and amplification characteristics of T-SCFs with concave, linear, and convex tapered structures are investigated based on finite-element method (FEM) and few-mode steady-state rate equation. Simulation results indicate that the concave tapered structure can introduce high loss for high-order modes (HOMs) that is advantageous to achieve single-mode operation, whereas the convex tapered structure provides large effective mode area that can help to mitigate nonlinear effects. Meanwhile, the small-to-large amplification scheme shows further advantages on stripping off HOMs, and the large-to-small amplification scheme decreases the heat load density induced by the high-power pump. Moreover, single-mode propagation performance, effective mode area, and heat load density of the T-SCF are superior to those of tapered step index fiber (T-SIF). These theoretical model and numerical results can provide instructive suggestions for designing high-power fiber lasers and amplifiers.
Comparison of criteria for determining appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing in nursing homes
Authors: Uribe-Cano Daniela , Bahranian Mozhdeh , Jolles Sally A. , Taylor Lindsay N. , Miller Jill J. , Adibhatla Sowmya N. , Crnich Christopher J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground:Measuring the appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing in nursing homes remains a challenge. The revised McGeer criteria, which are widely used to conduct infection surveillance in nursing homes, were not designed to assess antibiotic appropriateness. The Loeb criteria were explicitly designed for this purpose but are infrequently used outside investigational studies. The extent to which the revised McGeer and Loeb criteria overlap and can be used interchangeably for tracking antibiotic appropriateness in nursing homes remains insufficiently studied.Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional chart review study in 5 Wisconsin nursing homes and applied the revised McGeer and Loeb criteria to all nursing home–initiated antibiotic treatment courses. Kappa (κ) statistics were employed to assess level of agreement overall and by treatment indications.Results:Overall, 734 eligible antibiotic courses were initiated in participating nursing homes during the study period. Of 734 antibiotic courses, 372 (51%) satisfied the Loeb criteria, while only 211 (29%) of 734 satisfied the revised McGeer criteria. Only 169 (23%) of 734 antibiotic courses satisfied both criteria, and the overall level of agreement between them was fair (κ = 0.35). When stratified by infection type, levels of agreement between the revised McGeer and Loeb criteria were moderate for urinary tract infections (κ = 0.45), fair for skin and soft-tissue infections (0.36), and slight for respiratory tract infections (0.17).Conclusions:Agreement between the revised McGeer and Loeb criteria is limited, and nursing homes should employ the revised McGeer and Loeb criteria for their intended purposes. Studies to establish the best method for ongoing monitoring of antibiotic appropriateness in nursing homes are needed.
Introduction
Authors: Boyle A.J. 
Published: June 2021

oratio certam regulam non habet; consuetudo illam ciuitatis, quae numquam in eodem diu stetit, uersat.Style has no fixed rules; the usage of society changes it, which never stays still for long.Seneca Epistle 114.13This is the first of two volumes of critical essays on Latin literature of the imperial period from Ovid to late antiquity. The focus is upon the main postclassical period (A.D. 1-150), especially the authors of the Neronian and Flavian principates (A.D. 54-96), several of whom, though recently the subject of substantial investigation and reassessment, remain largely unread, at best improperly understood. The change which took place in Roman literature between the late republic/early Augustan period and the post-Augustan empire, between the ‘classicism’ of Cicero, Virgil, Horace, Livy and the ‘postclassicism’ of Seneca, Lucan, Persius, Tacitus is conventionally misdescribed (albeit sometimes with qualifications) as the movement from Golden to Silver Latin. The description misleads on many counts, not least because it misconstrues a change in literary and poetic sensibility, in the mental sets of reader and audience, and in the political environment of writing itself, as a change in literary value. What in fact happened awaits adequate description, but it seems clear that the change began with Ovid (43 B.C. to A.D. 17), whose rejection of Augustan classicism (especially its concept of decorum or ‘appropriateness’), cultivation of generic disorder and experimentation (witness, e.g., Ars Amatoria and Metamorphoses), love of paradox, absurdity, incongruity, hyperbole, wit, and focus on extreme emotional states, influenced everything that followed. Ovid also witnessed and suffered from the increasing political repression of the principate; he was banished for — among other things — his words, carmen. And political repression seems to have been a signal factor, if difficult to evaluate, in the formation of the postclassical style.
Klinische und praktische Erfahrungen mit Lymphstrategien bei Zivilisationserkrankungen
Authors: Matejka Rainer 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungDas gesamte System der Lymphe wird immer noch unterschätzt. Dabei spielt es in allen Bereichen des menschlichen Stoffwechsels eine wichtige Rolle, sowohl bei der Zellausscheidung als auch bei der Immunaktivität. Vor allem die modernen Zivilisationskrankheiten sollten im Hinblick auf die Lymphe bedacht und mitbehandelt werden. Der Beitrag unterstreicht die Bedeutung der Lymphe bei diversen Erkrankungen und Beschwerdebildern und stellt lymphrelevante Behandlungsansätze für Adipositas und chronisch-entzündliche Darmerkrankungen vor.
GLYCINE/SARCOSINE RATIO AS NOVEL BIOMARKER FOR ALCOHOL‐INDUCED LIVER FIBROSIS UNDER SUMOYLATION CONTROL
Authors: Tomasi Maria Lauda , Cossu Carla , Ramani Komal , Floris Andrea 
Published: June 2021

ProposeAlcohol‐induced liver fibrosis/disease (ALD) is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in response to chronic abuse that could lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma development. Sarcosine is a derivative of the amino acid glycine, formed by the enzymes glycine N‐methyl transferase (GNMT) or dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (DMGDH) and converted back into glycine via sarcosine dehydrogenase (SARDH). GNMT is silenced in human alcohol‐induced cirrhosis. In addition, GNMT knockout mice develop oxidative stress, liver injury, fibrosis, and HCC. SUMOylation is a post‐translational modification that requires an essential E2‐conjugating enzyme 9 (UBC9) to covalently bind of small ubiquitin modifier (SUMO) and plays an important role in a wide range of cellular processes. We previously demonstrated that UBC9 level is induced in intragastric ethanol‐infusion (EI) treated mouse liver. We performed SUMO‐proteomics of alcohol‐fed mouse liver and identified altered sumoylation of GNMT and SARDH. The goal of this work is to examine whether the dysregulated SUMOylation could regulate GNMT and SARDH enzymatic function in ethanol‐induced liver fibrosis and elucidate the molecular mechanism(s).MethodsStudies were performed using mouse hepatocytes (HEP), kupffer cells (KCs) and stellate cells (HSCs) from in vivo acute and chronic ethanol‐fed mouse models and primary human HSCs. Oxidative stress and metabolic markers were measured using commercial kits.ResultsWe found that ethanol treatment in vivo induced UBC9 expression in HSCs and HEP and inhibited its expression in KCs. This was associated with increased GNMT sumoylation and total levels, specifically in HSCs. In contrast, SARDH sumoylation fell in HSCs despite an increase in its total level. Ethanol feeding increased glycine and lowered sarcosine levels in mouse plasma, suggesting a potential regulation of GNMT/SARDH enzyme activity. Ethanol‐treated co‐culture model (HEP, HSCs and KCs) showed increase in ROS production in all liver cells and glycine/sarcosine ratio in HSCs but not in HEP and KCs compared to control. Ubc9 silencing in HSCs inhibited ethanol‐mediated ROS production and induction of HSC activation.ConclusionsThis data strongly suggests that oxidative stress‐induced sumoylation plays a key role in HSC activation and this may influence the transmethylation machinery. Alterations of glycine/sarcosine ratio as a consequence of enzyme sumoylation could be considered as novel biomarker for ALD.Support or Funding InformationNIAAA 5 K01 AA022372‐06This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.