bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling, based on discriminant analysis, the possibility of occurrence and features of the course of multiple sclerosis in Ukrainian women depending on the features of the structure and sizes of the body
Authors: Gunas M. M. , Moskovko G. S. , Nazarova M. S. , Kyrychenko Yu. V. , Prokopenko S. V. , Ruban M. M. 
Published: December 2024

Considering the existence of different ways of the course of multiple sclerosis, the disability caused by this disease, modern medicine needs the creation of new, easy-to-use and cheap methods to solve this issue. Promising in this case may be the use of clinical anthropometry, which is already successfully used to predict the forms of development and severity of various diseases of various human organ systems. The objective of the study was to construct and analyze discriminant models predicting the likelihood and characteristics of multiple sclerosis progression in young Ukrainian women, based on anthropometric and somatotypological parameters. A clinical-laboratory and anthropo-somatotypological examination was conducted on 59 young Ukrainian women diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Disability levels were assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale. The control group consisted of primary anthropometric and somatotypological data from 101 healthy Ukrainian women of the same age group (sourced from the database of the Scientific and Research Center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya). Discriminant models predicting the occurrence and progression of multiple sclerosis based on body anthropo-somatotypological parameters were constructed using the licensed “Statistica 6.0” software. The analysis revealed significant discrimination between healthy individuals and the general multiple sclerosis patient group, as evidenced by the discriminant equations (Wilks' Lambda=0.052, p<0.001). Key contributors to the discrimination models for distinguishing healthy women from those with multiple sclerosis included pelvic dimensions (37.50 %, contributing the most), body circumferences and head dimensions (25.0 % each), and the transverse lower thoracic diameter of the torso (12.5 %). Further analysis differentiated women with multiple sclerosis based on the severity of their symptoms – mild, moderate, or moderately severe also demonstrated statistically significant differentiation (Wilks' Lambda=0.349, p<0.001). The most influential factors for mild, moderate, or moderately severe patients groups in these models were distal epiphyseal widths of long tubular bones in the extremities (33.33 %, contributing the most), pelvic conjugate diameter, maximum head length, the ectomorphic component of somatotype according to Heath-Carter, and the skeletal mass component according to Matiegka (each contributing 16.67 %). These findings underscore the importance of anthropometric and somatotypological parameters in predicting multiple sclerosis occurrence and progression severity in young Ukrainian women.
Ultrastructure of adrenal glands endocrinocytes after thermal skin injury under conditions of correction with cryo-lyophilized xenograft skin substrate
Authors: Kulbitska V. V. , Ohinska N. V. , Slabyy O. B. , Lisnychuk N. Ye. , Trach Rosolovska S. V. , Nebesnyi O. R. , Nebesna Z. M. 
Published: December 2024

According to WHO studies, burn injuries are one of the most common injuries in the world, and their number has increased significantly due to the military actions in Ukraine. The adrenal glands, which regulates metabolism and participates in the body's defense reactions, is sensitive to burn injuries, which leads to morphological changes in the organ. The aim of the study was to investigate the ultrastructural changes in endocrinocytes of the adrenal glands after experimental thermal skin injury under conditions of correction with cryo-lyophilized xenograft skin substrate. A second-degree burn was modeled by applying heated copper plates to the skin of the back of laboratory male rats, which accounted for 18-20 % of the body surface. For electron microscopic analysis on days 7th, 14th, and 21st of the experiment, pieces of the adrenal glands were taken. They were fixed in a glutaraldehyde solution, post-fixed in osmium tetraoxide, and processed according to standard procedures. Ultrathin sections were contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, and submicroscopic changes were studied using a PEM-125K electron microscope. On the 7th day after the burn with correction (using a cryo-lyophilized xenograft skin substrate), moderate changes in the ultrastructure of the nuclei and organelles of the endocrinocytes were found. Mitochondrial hyperplasia, changes in the shape of the nuclei and the presence of small clumps of heterochromatin in the karyoplasm were observed. On the 14th day, under the conditions of correction, there were signs of restoration of the cell ultrastructure, in particular, the structure of the nucleus and the membrane of the zona glomerulosa cells was restored, ribosomes and hypertrophied mitochondria with an electronically bright matrix appeared, as well as numerous lipid droplets. After 21 days, the ultrastructure of the cells of the zona glomerulosa was restored, and lipid droplets were evenly distributed in the cytoplasm. In the zona reticularis and adrenal medulla, changes in the submicroscopic organization of endocrinocytes were insignificant. We observed a uniform distribution of secretory granules in the cytoplasm of chromaffinocytes, mitochondrial recovery and unchanged ultrastructural organization of the organelles of the synthetic apparatus. Thus, the results of the study confirmed that the cryo-lyophilized xenograft skin substrate effectively promotes the restoration of the ultrastructure of adrenal endocrinocytes, reducing the degree of damage to cytoplasmic membranes, organelles of the synthetic apparatus of cells, endocrinocyte nuclei, especially activating the regeneration processes in the late stages after thermal skin injury.
POTENTIAL INHIBITORS OF Î±-GLUCOSIDASE AND Î±-AMYLASE ENZYMES FROM LOCALLY AVAIALABLE FRUIT WASTES BY SOLID STATE FERMENTATION
Authors: BARKAT ANUMSIMA AHMAD , Jamal Parveen , AZMI AZLIN SUHAIDA , NOORBACHA IBRAHIM ALI , ARBAIN DACHYAR , IDRIS ZULKARNAIN MOHAMED 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: A therapeutic approach for treating diabetes is to decrease the post-prandial hyperglycaemia. This is done by retarding the absorption of glucose through the inhibition of the carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes, Î±-amylase and Î±-glucosidase, in the digestive tract. Inhibition of both the enzymes help to reduce the glucose level in the blood of a diabetic patient. This study was aimed to investigate the production of Î±-glucosidase and Î±-amylase inhibitors from local fruit wastes (honeydew skin, banana peel, and pineapple skin) using solid state fermentation. Each of the fruit wastes was fermented with three different types of white rot fungus Phenarochaete chrysosporium (P.chrysosporium), Panus tigrinus MQR609 (M6) and RO2) for 7 days. Sampling was carried out starting from day 4 to day 7 to determine the enzyme inhibition activity. The samples were extracted using water prior to enzyme analysis. Most of the fruit samples showed varying degree of percentage inhibition activity depending on the sampling time. Extract of fermented banana peels with RO2 on day 4 showed higher potential of Î±-glucosidase inhibition (56.57Â±0.32%). Followed with honeydew extract fermented with the same fungus on the same day showed 39.68Â±0.05%. Extracts of each fruit wastes sample fermented with P.chrysosporium showed least potential of Î±-glucosidase inhibition (below15%). While for Î±-amylase inhibition activity, the extract from fermented honeydew skins with P.chrysosporium on day 7 showed the highest potential inhibition activity 98.29Â±0.63%. The least potential inhibition activity (43.37Â±0.54%) was observed in extract from honeydew skins fermented with M6 on day 5. All the positive result showed that fruit waste could be an alternative source for antidiabetic agent especially for Î±-amylase and Î±-glucosidase inhibitors.
TECHNO-ECONOMIC EVALUATION FOR INTEGRATED CULTIVATION OF COFFEE AND STINGLESS BEES IN WEST JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Adam Abdurrahman , Hakim Muhammad Naufal , Oktaviani Lina , Inderaja Bagoes Muhammad , Manurung Robert , Putra Ramadhani Eka , Abduh Muhammad Yusuf 
Published: December 2024

: In 2018, Indonesia is the fourth largest coffee producing country globally. Unfortunately, coffee productivity in Indonesia was gradually decreasing between 2017 and 2018. This could reduce the income of coffee farmers and affects the national supply chain of coffee. A biorefinery concept may be applied to raise the economic value of coffee bioindustry. This study investigates techno-economic analysis for integrated cultivation of coffee and stingless bees in Cibodas, Indonesia. Three scenarios were proposed and compared with each other in terms of gross profit margin. The first scenario considered only the production of green coffee bean, whereas the second scenario included additional utilization of coffee pulp by-product from the production of green coffee bean to produce cascara. The third scenario integrated the production of green coffee bean and cascara with the cultivation of stingless bees, Tetragonula laeviceps, using Modular Tetragonula Hives to produce propolis and honey. A techno-economic analysis was carried out for the latter scenario because it had the highest value of gross profit margin (13.7). The production cost of propolis extract from the proposed system was estimated at $15.1/kg with a breakeven point of 1817 kg. The proposed system also produced green coffee bean, cascara and honey as the co-products. A sensitivity analysis was also carried out to determine the influence of production capacity, price of raw materials and employees’ salary on the production of propolis. The employees' salary has a very strong influence on the production cost of propolis followed by price of raw materials and production capacity.
OPTIMIZATION OF CO-DIGESTION PROCESS OF FOOD WASTE AND SEWAGE SLUDGE USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK AND GENETIC ALGORITHM
Authors: Mansor Mariatul Fadzillah , Jamaludin Nurul Syazwana , Ahmad Tajuddin Husna 
Published: December 2024

Food waste is a major global issue especially in developed countries. This is because of the abundance of food waste in landfills has contributed to the emission of greenhouse gas (GHG). Therefore, by using anaerobic co-digestion technology, food waste (FW) can be used as a substrate with sewage sludge (SS) to produce a valuable product such as methane gas. In order to find the optimal ratio of FW to SS as well as substrate-to-inoculum (SI) ratio for the highest methane production, the present study utilizes the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) model. This study is based on the secondary data sources from various research papers and articles. The digester operational parameters such as mixed substrate ratio and SI ratio were considered. The optimal feedstock ratio was evaluated based on its biochemical methane potential (BMP). The performance of the ANN model was verified to be effective in predicting the methane production accurately with a desirable R2-value of 0.9838 and 0.9976. The trained ANN model was coupled with GA to optimize the methane production and to find the optimal feedstock ratio. The result of optimal mixed substrates ratio of FW:SS and SI ratio are similar which is 50:50 with the highest methane production of 454.4 mL CH4/kg volatile solids (VS). However, the comparison of BMP from different substrates ratio shows inconsistency on the optimal ratio. Hence, other parameters such as particle size and mixing rate should be considered.
СТУДЕНТТЕРГЕ ПОЭЗИЯЛЫҚ ШЫҒАРМАЛАРДЫ ОҚЫТУДЫҢ ЖАҢА ТЕХНОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ МОДУЛІ
Authors: Шамшадинқызы А. , Медеубаева К. , Абдыкадырова А.Р. , Уалиева З.К. 
Published: December 2024

Бүгінгі білім беру саласының негізгі міндеттерінің бірі – жалпы адамзаттық және ұлттық құндылықтарды бойына сіңірген саналы ұрпақ қалыптастыру. ЖОО-дағы білім алушылардың болашақ педагог маман ретіндегі білім, біліктерін ғана емес, рухани білімдерін қалыптастыру Алаш зиялыларына арналған әдеби көркем шығармаларды оқу арқылы жүзеге асырылады. Алаштың ат төбеліндей нар тұлғалы азаматтарының, зиялы қауымды құраған ұлт қаймақтарының өлең, жыр шумақтарында өрнектелген өмірі мен ұрпаққа қалдырған мол мұрасын зерделеу өскелең буынның ұлттық санасын қалыптастырары сөзсіз. Поэзиялық туындылардағы Алаш зиялыларының бейнесін оқыту әдістемесінде жаңашыл оқыту әдісін қолдану оң нәтижелерге жетуге ықпалын тигізеді. Осыған орай, зерттеу жұмысында поэзиялық туындылардағы Алаш зиялыларының бейнесін оқыту үдерісінде заманауи оқыту моделі - 4К концепциясын қолданудың тиімділігін қарастыру көзделеді. Алаш зиялыларының поэзиялық шығармаларда бейнеленуін жаңашыл оқыту моделі арқылы қарастыру мақсатын көздеген жұмыста жүргізілген зерттеу нәтижелерінің негізінде автор тарапынан поэзиядағы арнау жанрының ерекшелігі анықталады, Алаш рухындағы ұйқасты шығармалардың мән-маңызы ашылады, 4К концептісінің поэзиялық шығармаларды оқыту барысындағы тиімділігі қарастырылады, сыни және шығармашылық ойлау, қарым-қатынас, ынтымақтастық құзыреттіліктерін Алаш зиялылылары туралы өлеңдерді оқытуда тиімді қолдану жолдары талданады, білім алушылардың қол жеткізген нәтижелері сараланып, нәтижесі шығарылады.
IMPLEMENTATION OF EXPORT STRATEGIES OF AGRICULTURAL BORDER REGIONS OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Abildaev S.T. , Narenova A.N. , Iskakova G.K. 
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to study the export strategy of Kazakhstan in the development of cross-border trade. 14 regions of Kazakhstan border the territories of Russia, China, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan. The economy of all border areas of the country is characterized by insufficient use of natural resource and tourism potential, single-profile structure, weak activity of small and medium-sized businesses in the use of cross-border factors, generally weak integration with the international economic system. One of the main sectors of the economy of border areas is agriculture, the share of which in the structure of the economy is 31.6%.
The paper looks at factors affecting a country's place in the global food market. The research methodology is based on generalization, analysis and synthesis, statistical methods, SWOT analysis characterizing the current economic situation, the geopolitical position of Kazakhstan as a border country and the problems of developing the export strategy of the agro-industrial complex.
The practical significance of the research results is determined by the possibilities of using the results obtained to develop important decisions aimed at forming an agricultural export strategy for the development of border regions
ДАМУШЫ ЖӘНЕ ДАМЫҒАН МЕМЛЕКЕТТЕРДЕ БИРЖАДАН ТЫС (OTC) ДЕРИВАТИВТЕР НАРЫҒЫНЫҢ ДАМУЫН ТАЛДАУ
Authors: Утжанова А. , Жагыпарова А. 
Published: December 2024

Дериватив құралдар нарығы дамушы және дамыған елдерде экономикалық өсуді қолдауда және капитал нарықтарын дамытуда маңызды рөл атқарады. COVID-19 пандемиясына байланысты жаһандық экономиканың өсу қарқынының бәсеңдеуі, әлемдегі тұрақсыз жаһандық макроэкономикалық орта, сондай-ақ Қазақстан экономикасының әлемдік капитал нарықтарына интеграциясының күшеюі аясында қаржылық тәуекелдерді тиімді басқару қажеттілігі экономикалық субъектілер үшін артып келеді. Бұл мақалада дамушы және дамыған нарықтардағы биржадан тыс OTC (over-the-counter) дериватив құралдар нарығының даму динамикасы талданады, бұл нарықтың өсуі үшін маңызды факторлар анықталады және биржадан тыс OTC (over-the-counter) дериватив құралдары нарығының дамушы елдерде дамыған елдерге салыстырғанда өсу ерекшеліктері және тенденциялары анықталады. Бұл зерттеу Халықаралық есеп айырысу банкінің (Bank for International Settlements) 1998 жылдан 2022 жылға дейінгі елуден астам елдердегі дериватив құралдарымен жүргізген мәмілері бойынша статистикалық шолуға негізделген талдау қамтиды, онда дамыған және дамушы елдердегі пайыздық мөлшерлеме мен валюталық биржадан тыс OTC (over-the-counter) деривативтердің айналымы бойынша деректер қамтылған. Жүргізілген талдау нәтижесінде дамушы елдер үшін нарықтық инфрақұрылымды дамыту, өтімділікті басқару, тәуекелдерді басқару, деривативтер құралдарының түрлерін кеңейту және құқықтық базаны жетілдіру бойынша биржадан тыс OTC деривативтер нарығын дамыту үшін әр түрлі бағыттарда ұсыныстар берілді.
Gothic and Historical Elements in Washington Irving’s “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”
Authors: Kay L. Oaks  
Published: December 2024

Washington Irving’s short story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” still haunts us today 200 years after it was written. Irving incorporated Gothic elements such as ancient and isolated settings, nature, superstitions, and supernatural ambiguity into his short story. Irving also included historical figures such as the British Major John André and the headless Hessian soldier. The author wove elements of the Gothic with historical facts from the American Revolution to create a memorable, uniquely American story.
Justification of the boundary conditions for the graphite powder heating model in the exhaust gas pipe of the T-64B tank power plant
Authors: Tansiura Ihor , Korytchenko Kostyantyn , Stakhovsky Oleg , Zadorozhnyi Andriy 
Published: December 2024

The method of improving the thermal smoke apparatus is disclosed, which consists in the introduction of graphite powder into the bypass gas ducts of the power plant of the T-64 tank, followed by the release of an aerosol cloud from the power plant of the tank. in expanding the spectrum of the masking action of the aerosol curtain, which is created by the thermal smoke apparatus of the T-64B tank by introducing, in addition to diesel fuel, intumescing graphite into the flow of hot exhaust gases of the tank's power plant. At the same time, the composition of the aerosol curtain formed from diesel fuel is mainly intended for masking in the visible range of radiation, and the composition of the aerosol curtain formed from graphite provides, mainly, masking in the infrared range of radiation. In the case of simultaneous feeding of diesel fuel and graphite, the conditions of graphite swelling are worsened, because the impact of diesel fuel droplets on the graphite particles will lead to a decrease in the heating rate of the graphite. At a slow heating rate of graphite, the swelling coefficient sharply decreases, which sharply worsens the properties of the aerosol veil in terms of volatility. Therefore, the improvement consists in alternate pulse-periodic injection of hot exhaust gases of the power plant of the graphite tank and diesel fuel into the flow.
The direction of improving the thermal smoke apparatus of the T-64B tank by introducing, in addition to diesel fuel, expandable graphite into the flow of hot exhaust gases of the tank's power plant to expand the spectrum of the masking effect of the aerosol curtain is proposed. The improvement consists in alternate pulse-periodic introduction of hot exhaust gases of the power plant of the graphite tank and diesel fuel into the flow.
The boundary conditions for the graphite powder heating model in the exhaust gas path of the power plant of the T-64B tank are substantiated. The geometric profile of the channel through which the exhaust gases of the engine power plant flow, the temperature of the gas duct walls, the mass flow rate, the thermodynamic parameters and the chemical composition of the tank exhaust gases, the mass flow rate and the size of the injected graphite particles, the thermodynamic parameters of the gas at the outlet of the gas duct are determined. In the calculations, the mass flow of exhaust gases was assumed to be 1.72 kg/s with the mass fraction of CO2/H2O/N2/O2 components equal to 4:2:77:17. The mass consumption of graphite was equal to 2 kg/s with the particle size of powder graphite 5 μm and 50 μm. The temperature of the walls of the gas duct was assumed to be constant and equal to 100 °C.
Beneficial effects of ultrafine bubble shower on a mouse model of atopic dermatitis
Authors: Matsumoto Ayaki , Imanishi Hisayoshi , Yamanaka-Takaichi Mika , Hirae Masateru , Tsuruta Daisuke , Nakai Kozo 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common and relapsing skin disease characterized by skin barrier dysfunction, inflammation, and chronic pruritus. Both cutaneous barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation are critical etiologies of the pathology of AD. Although various anti-inflammatory pharmacological agents, including cytokine inhibitors and signaling pathway blockers, have been developed recently, keeping the skin clean is of utmost importance in maintaining physiological cutaneous barrier function and avoiding an AD flare. Ultrafine bubbles (UFBs) are less than 1 μm in diameter and usually used to clean medical equipment. A UFB shower is expected to keep skin clean with attention to the temperature and strength of the shower.MethodsWe examined the effects of a UFB shower on two mouse models of AD: Dermatophagoides farinae body (Dfb)- induced AD in NC/Nga mice and interleukin (IL)-33 transgenic (tg) mice. Each model comprised three groups: UFB shower-treated, normal shower-treated, and untreated. We evaluated the mice using a dermatitis score, scratching counts, histology, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines and skin barrier-related proteins.ResultsIn the Dfb-induced AD mouse model, clinical features improved markedly in the UFB shower-treated mice compared to other groups. IL-4 and IL-13 levels decreased in the skin of normal and UFB shower-treated mice. In addition, in the skin of UFB shower-treated mice, the expression levels of skin barrier-related proteins were increased compared to normal showertreated mice. However, we found no significant differences in IL33tg mice.DiscussionThese results suggest that UFB shower can recover the skin barrier function and improve skin inflammation, especially in conditions such as extrinsic AD.
Diversity and Conservation of Carnivores in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Ahmari Ali , Neyaz Farah , Shuraim Faisal , Al Ghamdi Abdul Rahman , Al Boug Ahmad , Alhlafi Mesfer , Al Jbour Sharif , Angelici Francesco M. , Alaamri Saleh , Al Masabi Khalid , Amr Zuhair Sami 
Published: December 2024

In the present study, we updated the taxonomy and distributional data for 14 carnivore species based on previous records and the recent results of camera trapping (4787 camera nights from 58 locations) and depicted species richness. We then identified threats and the conservation measures that are practiced to ensure the protection of the carnivores of Saudi Arabia. A total of 10 species of carnivores (Canis aureus, Canis lupus, Caracal caracal, Felis lybica, Genetta genetta, Hyaena hyaena, Ichneumia albicauda, Mellivora capensis, Vulpes cana, and Vulpes vulpes) were recorded based on camera trapping efforts. The striped hyena was the most recorded species in 13 locations, with the highest number of observations made at Raydah Protected Area, followed by the red fox and the Arabian wolf. Both Genetta genetta and Mellivora capensis were the least recorded species. Vulpes vulpes was the most distributed species and it was recorded from 15 sites. The southwestern corner of Saudi Arabia covering the Asir, Jazan, and Najran Plateaus extending further into the Al Sarawat Mountains hosts the highest number of carnivore species. Major threats affecting carnivores include killing and animal trade. The status of the critically endangered species, Panthera pardus nimr, was discussed. Threats and the conservation status based on regional assessment according to the IUCN Red List of the carnivores of Saudi Arabia were documented and highlighted.