bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the efficacy of homologous autoinoculation therapy in treatment of multiple recalcitrant warts
Authors: Abdelmonaem Nisreen Abbas , Adel shaheen Maha , Foad Tamer Mohsen , Elhusseiny Rania Mahmoud 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Warts are infections caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). There are new trends towards the use of immunotherapy in treatment of warts. Homologous autoinoculation is a minimally invasive procedure, which treats warts by stimulating a specific immune response against HPV

Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of autoinoculation therapy in treatment of multiple recalcitrant warts.

Methods
Under local anesthesia and aseptic condition, inoculum was collected by paring a wart by scalpel and by pressing it between two sterile glass slides. After making a subcutaneous Pocket in non-dominant forearm, the inoculum was introduced in the subcutaneous pocket with forceps and dressed. Follow up for 1,2,12 and 16 weeks was done.

Results
Fourty patients were included. At 12 weeks of therapy 42.5% showed complete clearance, 27.5% showed moderate clearance, 15% showed mild clearance and 12.5% showed treatment failure. No significant complication was documented after 1 and 2 weeks of follow up except in 3 patients in form of mild inflammation and mild pain. There was no recurrence at16 weeks follow up session.

Conclusion
Autoinoculation is simple and effective method in treatment of different types of warts including genital wart. It also prevents recurrence.
Measurement of Serum Elafin Protein in Psoriasis Vulgaris Patients Before and After Narrowband Ultraviolet (NB-UVB) Therapy
Authors: Abdulazeez Albarazenji Nisreen Fathi , El Naeem Sallam Mohamed Abd , Elhusseiny Rania Mahmoud 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Psoriasis is a common immune-mediated disease of the skin, mostly characterized by red, scaly, sharply demarcated, indurated plaques. The immunopathogenesis of psoriasis is not fully understood as it is the result of a complex interaction between genetic, environmental and immunological factors. Furthermore, a large body of evidence has identified a dysregulated interplay between keratinocytes and infiltrating immune cells underlying cutaneous inflammation in psoriasis. Cytokines and other soluble factors such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) secreted by resident or infiltrating cells are essential elements in this process of cell-cell communication.

Objective
To measure serum level of elafin protein using ELISA technique in psoriasis vulgaris patients before and after narrowband ultraviolet therapy and detect its correlation with psoriasis severity.

Subjects and Methods
Sixty subjects; 30 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 30 age and sex matched apparent healthy controls were included. Each patient was subjected to a detailed history taking and examination beside calculation of PASI score before and after treatment. Blood samples were also taken from all subjects to assess serum Elafin level by ELISA technique before and after treatment. NB-UVB treatment sessions were given for the patients group three times per week for 3 months.

Results
There was a highly significant correlation between serum Elafin level and PASI scores among patients with psoriasis before and after treatment, which indicates that serum Elafin level could be used as a diagnostic marker for psoriasis severity and a prognostic marker for different psoriatic treatments.

Conclusion
In conclusion measurement of serum Elafin protein level could be considered as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for psoriasis activity and a useful tool for evaluating the efficacy of treatment.
Effect of Narrow Band Ultraviolet B Therapy on Tissue Levels of Interleukin-33 in Egyptian Vitiligo Patients
Authors: Mohamed Salem Samar Abdallah , Samir Ahmed Naglaa , Yassin Ahmed Marwa , Mohamed Seoudy Wael , Ahmed Ahmed Omar Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder of unknown etiology, affecting approximately 1 % of the world population, without predilection for race or sex. It is characterized by white macules and patches, whose size increases over time, due to the loss of melanocytes. Vitiligo can appear at any time, and it significantly impairs the patients’ quality-of-life.

Objectives
The aim of the work was to study the influence of the NB-UVB radiation therapy on tissue level of IL-33 in patients with vitiligo.

Patients and Methods
This prospective study was carried out on 10 patients diagnosed as having non -segmental vitiligo stable for 6 months duration. All patients were selected from the dermatology outpatient clinic of vitiligo, Ain-Shams University Hospitals. All patients were subjected to full history taking, general examination and dermatological examination. The disease characteristics of vitiligo were recorded as regards stability, duration and extent of vitiliginous lesions. The activity of the disease was evaluated according to VIDA score, and the disease severity was evaluated according to VASI score. Digital photographic documentation was done.

Results
Hydropic degeneration of lower epidermis was also detected in (40%) of them and apoptotic keratinocytes were found in (10%) of them. After therapy, these inflammatory changes were significantly reduced this can be partially explained by immunosuppressive properties of NB-UVB as it is believed to cause a reduction of T cells by inducing apoptosis and impairs in-vitro antigen presentation by both murine DCs and human Langerhans cells. The main limitation of our study was the small cohort of the studied patients. Further large-scale studies are needed. Investigatory techniques other than immunohistochemical analysis may be also used to evaluate abnormalities of keratinocytes in vitiligo skin.

Conclusion
We concluded that NB-UVB has no effect on tissue expression of IL-33 and and that NB-UVB was effective in treating vitiligo as manifested by VASI score change after treatment with NB-UVB. Based on our results we recommend further studies with larger sample size and studying the effect of treatment on IL-33 expression in active vitiligo cases is also recommended.
Split Face Comparative Study of Plasma Gel versus Non Cross Linked Hyaluronic Acid for Treatment of Static Forehead Wrinkles
Authors: El Kahky Hanan , Hassen Samah Ibrahim , Salman Saja Dawood 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The entire human body is subject to changes associated with aging. Those occurring in the skin are visible, facial aging can be particularly negative since it represents the main image. Among the factors playing an important role in facial aging are exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, smoking habits and alcohol consumption, which, together with genetic factors, can alter the rate of skin aging.

Objectives
The presented study aimed to compare the efficacy of the plasma filler and the non-cross linked hyaluronic acid in treating static forehead wrinkles.

Patients and Methods
The present study is a prospective study which included 20 adult male and female with different grades of static forhead wrinkles. Our participants range between 40 to 55 years old. This study was done in a period of 6 months starting from February 2019 to September 2019. All participant signed informed consent after explaining to them the objective of the study. An official research approval was granted from research ethical committee, faculty of medicine in Ain Shams University and fulfilled all the ethical aspects required in human research.

Results
So the plasma gel is as safe and efficient as non cross linked hyaluronic acid in treating static forehead wrinkles as there is no significant difference between the right and left forehead after treatment.

Conclusion
Plasma gel is as safe and effective as non cross-linked HA, plasma gel is cheap, available, easy promising tool to treat wrinkles.
Trichoscopy (Hair and Scalp Videodermoscopy) in the Healthy Egyptians Female. Norms for Measurable Parameters
Authors: Moneib Hoda Ahmed , Zaki Marwa SalahEldin , Ahmed Suzan Abdulkader 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Trichoscopy is a noninvasive diagnostic tool that allows the recognition of morphologic structures not visible by the naked eye. The aim of this study was to standardize the videodermoscopy method and to establish the norms for measurable parameters of normal Egyptian hair in females. The current study included 90 healthy Egyptian females between 18 and 50 years of age.

Objective
Our study revealed that there was a highly statistically significant difference between average number of hair in each of frontal and occipital areas and number of hairs in temporal area. The difference between number of hairs in frontal and occipital area was statistically significant.

Patients and Methods
The study included 90 volunteer Egyptian females with age ranging from 18-50 years, during the period between February 2018 till May 2019.

The study protocol
Was approved by Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Research Ethics Committee (FWA 000017585). The volunteers gave a written consent to participate in the work after explanation of the technique and study performed.

Volunteers
The group under study was selected from patients visiting dermatology clinic at Ain Shams University hospital due to nonhair related conditions, who never complained of excessive hair shedding and who had no early hair loss cases by family history. They were subjected to careful clinical inspection and pull test.

Results
Average hair shaft thickness showed a highly statistically significant difference between frontal area and each of temporal and occipital areas. Percentage of thin, mediumsized and thick hairs in frontal, occipital and temporal areas revealed that there was a highly statistically significant difference between percentage of thin hairs in each of frontal and temporal areas and in occipital area, a highly statistically significant between percentage of mid hairs in frontal area and in each of temporal and occipital areas, and a highly statistically significant difference between percentage of thick hairs in frontal area and in temporal area.

Conclusions
Norms of measurable parameters can be established using trichoscopy (hair and scalp videodermoscopy). Our results indicate that for healthy adult Egyptian females, not only are the average hair diameters and densities different in the different scalp regions, but also the contribution of thin and thick hairs, as well as follicular units. Better understanding of the norms in clinical practice will help to detect what is abnormal in hair and scalp videodermoscopy.
Lymph node status assessment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in patients with clinically non palpable lymph nodes: Meta-analysis
Authors: Riad Hany , Ibrahim Samer , Gouda Amr , Mustafa Ossama , Mohamed Heba 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The most important prognostic factor in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is the presence or absence of clinically involved neck nodes. The presence of metastases in a lymph node is said to reduce the 5-years survival rate by about 50%. The appropriate diagnosis of the presence of metastatic node is very important for the management of HNSCC

Aim
To compare difTerent diagnostic modalities for assessment of the clinically non palpable lymph nodes in HNSCC including by meta-analysis: CT, MRI, US, USFNAC and PET/CT for the proper cervical lymph node staging.

Methods
Met-analysis study on patients with HNSCC of clinically non palpable lymph nodes (cN0).

Results
Analysis was divided in 6 groups .Each group contain analysis of one modality according to available studies per patient, per level and per lesion .US is fair test per patient and per lesion.CT is good test per patient and excellent test per lesion.MRI is poor test per patient and fair test per lesion.CT-MRl combined is fair per patient and excellent per level.PET/CT is good per patient, fair per lesion and excellent per level. USFNAC is excellent per lesion.

Conclusion
CT, CT-MRI combined, PET/CT and USFNAC proved to be excellent in detecting cN0.MRI was poor test in detecting cN0.US was a fair test in detecting cN0 if used alone.
Bleeding Tendency in People Anesthetized with Sevoflurane Vs Isoflurane
Authors: Elsamny Talaat , Shoukry Tamer , Nageeb Mohamed , Salem Mohamed Elsayed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background & Purpose
The effects of desflurane and sevoflurane, two commonly used inhalation anesthetics for the maintenance of general anesthesia, on peri- and postoperative bleeding is a focus of interest. This study conductd to evaluating that; Sevoflurane can cause bleeding tendencies more than Isoflurane anesthesia or not?

Study design
Prospective, randomized comparative study.

Setting
Ain shams university hospitals.

Subjects
We included 40 tonsillectomy patients (age from 2 – 12 years old), and classified them according to the anesthetic drug used into 2 independent groups: Isoflurane group (20 patients) and Sevoflurane group (20 patients).

Methods
All patients were subjected to full history taking, oral cavity examination, anterior rhinoscopy nasal examination, basic laboratory studies for bleeding tendencies (e.g. platelets and INR), adenoidal-tonsillectomy operational data (including operative time calculation), bleeding outcomes (blood loss and packs of blood transfusion) will be recorded, and half of the cases will be anesthetized with sevoflurane and another half with isoflurane.

Results
In the studied population, the mean age of all patients was (7.1 ± 2.7) years, with (57.5%) of patients were males; while (42.5%) were females. Regarding bleeding outcome data; the average blood loss of all patients was (15.5 ± 3.7) cc, and the average packs used were (4.2 ± 1.1).
We found a significant decrease in operative time in the Isoflurane group; compared to the Sevoflurane group (p = 0.0017). Regarding Bleeding outcome data; we found, a significant decrease in blood loss, in the Isoflurane group; compared to the Sevoflurane group (p = 0.00014), and a significant decrease in the number of packs used, in Isoflurane group; compared to Sevoflurane group (p = 0.0018).

Conclusion
To conclude, anesthesia with isoflurane can lead to a lower amount of intraoperative bleeding compared with sevoflurane. Therefore, isoflurane may be preferred as an inhalational agent for the maintenance of general anesthesia during tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy operations.
Construction of auditory bombardment therapy program: a pilot study
Authors: Rifaie Nahla Abd-ElAziz , Elrefaie Dina Ahmed , Mahmoud Mona Mosaad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Speech sound disorder is a communication disorder in which children have persistent difficulty saying words or sounds correctly. It refers to any difficulty or combination of difficulties with perception, motor production, or phonological representation of speech sounds and speech segments.

Aim of the Work
to construct an Arabic auditory bombardment therapy program and measure its effectiveness in treatment of functional speech sound disorder.

Subjects and Methods
This study was applied on 60 participants divided into 2 groups (30 for each group) with age ranging from 3-5 years diagnosed with functional speech sound disorder with or without language disorders, attending at the Phoniatrics outpatient clinic in Ain Shams University Hospitals.
The test for identification of phonological processes was applied on 60 patients with speech sound disorder selected to participate in this study. These were divided in to 2 groups (Group (1) received only the conventional therapy while group (2) received auditory bombardment in addition to the conventional therapy for 3 months) and the test was repeated again after therapy.

Results
Group (2) showed high significant difference (improvement) in consonant assimilation, voicing change, final consonant deletion, palatal fronting, gliding, lateralization and glottal replacement while group (1) showed high significant difference (improvement) in syllable deletion and partial cluster reduction.

Conclusion
The present study showed that application of auditory bombardment therapy program in addition to conventional therapy has high significant improvement than conventional therapy alone.
Factors Affecting Adherence to Medications among Type2 Diabetic Patients Attending Primary Health Care Center in Cairo
Authors: Salama Hemat AbdEl-Salam Ahmed , Shaltoot Heba MohamedHamed , Abdul-Rahman Samia Ahmed , Abd El-Hamid Diaa Marzouk 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Poor adherence to medications is a major public health problem. Non-adherence results in disease progression, reduced functional abilities, a lower quality of life, waste of medication and increase use of medical resources such as nursing homes, hospital visits and hospital admissions.

Objective
To measure the prevalence and factors affecting adherence to medications among T2DM patients attending primary health care center of Saraya El Quobba. To measure the agreement between MTA (Measure Treatment Adherence) and ARMS (Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale) questionnaires as a tool of measurement treatment adherence.

Methods
A Cross sectional study was carried out in family medicine center of Saraya El Qubba in Cairo on 130 participants who had been diagnosed T2DM at least3 months before. Patients with T1DM, Patients with known history of psychiatric illness or cognitive impairment, Patients with communication problems such as aphasia, severe hearing or visual impairment were excluded. Selection of participants was done through Systematic Random Sampling. Data about adherence was collected using structured questionnaires MTA (Measurement Treatment Adherence) and ARMS (Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale) questionnaires.

Results
62.6% of our sample were females, 38.9% belonged to age group of 60 -70 years, 71.8% were married, 29% had intermediate education, 61.8% were unemployed. The level of adherence among patients attending primary health centre of Saraya El Quobba was 65.6%. Many factors were found to affect medication adherence as regular monitoring of blood glucose level (76.7%), regular follow up visit (75.9%), presence of family support (20.6), monthly income (84.2%) and educational level. There was a statistically significant strong negative correlation between the 2 measurements scores (r=-0.8644, p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
The level of adherence was high among the participants in the current study. Many factors were found to affect medication adherence as regular monitoring of blood glucose level, regular follow up visit, presence of family support, monthly income, both high and low educational level. Agreement between to questionnaires was found.
Serum lactae level as an indicator for leakage in pediatric intestinal anastmosis
Authors: Hassan Yasser Abd El Rehim , Shafi'I Ihab Abd Al Aziz El , Asmar Khaled Mohamed Abd Al Salam Al , Ahmed Mohamed Hisham , El Aziz Ahmed Abd El Rahman Mousa Abd 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Its quite well know that high levels of serum lactic acid correlates with poor general condition and poor surgical outcome. Postoperative elevated serum lactate during the first 24h is associated with morbidity and even mortality in patients undergoing elective abdominal surgeries. In this study we need to compare the effect of fluctuation in serum lactate levels pre and postoperative on particularly instestinal anastmosis healing between elective vs emergency patients.

Objective
This study is designed to identify if high pre-operative lactate levels and post-operative lactate clearance are correlated with high risk of intestinal anatstmotic leakage in pediatrics.

Patients and Methods
This study was prospective observational study; conducted at Ain Shams University Hospital, Pediatrics surgery department and approved by the Ethical Research Committee at our hospital. We enrolled all patients (aged ≤ 14 years old) who were candidates for intestinal surgical anastomoses either elective or emergency. The patients included in our study were admitted post-operative at our department either in the intermediate or intensive care units accordingly. All patients with medical history of chronic kidney disease, liver failure, ICU admission or major surgery within the month prior to our study were excluded from our study.

Results
We enrolled 26 patients in our study who underwent intestinal anastomosis at our Pediatrics Surgery Department during the past six months. We had 7 female patients (26.9%) and 19 male patients (73.1%). The youngest was two-day old and the oldest was 14 years old. We had leakage incidence 38.5% of the studied patients. The cut-off lactate level for incidence of leakage is &gt; 1.2 mmol/L for the 0h (Baseline reading), &gt;2 mmol/L for the 6h, &gt;1.4mmol/L for the 12h, &gt;1.1mmol/L for the 18h, &gt;1.3mmol/L for the 24h. The highest sensitivity and specificity are for the reading at 24h that had the highest sum of both sensitivity(90%) and specificity (93.3%) and area under curve (AUC) 0.860. All patients with elevated lactate &gt; 1.4 mmol/L at 12 h had leakage (100% sensitivity) but with only 66.7% specificity.

Conclusion
This study shows that lactate levels during the first 24 hours postoperatively have a predictive value for postoperative intestinal anastomotic leakage after a laparotomy surgery. Serum lactate levels obtained 24 hours postoperatively had the best predictive value to discriminate between patients with and without anastomotic leakage. Although not explanatory by its design, our study demonstrates that elevated postoperative lactate is an ominous sign that should to be addressed by the intensivist. However, further studies are required to indicate which strategies aimed at resolving hyperlactatemia improve postoperative outcomes.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy after Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Shamy Prof. Dr./Abd El Ghany Mahmoud El , Farrag Dr./Ahmed Magdy Ahmed , Mohammed Ahmed Kamal Mohammed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) post Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with endoscopic sphincterotomy(ES) is generally accepted as the treatment of choice for patient with choledococystolithiasis. Previous studies have shown that LC after ERCP is associated with a high conversion rate. The aim of the present study was to assess the complexity of LC after ERCP compared with standard LC for symptomatic uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis.

Objective
s: So the aim of this study is to assess the complexity of LC post ERCP comparted to elective LC without previous ERCP.

Method
The study is a prospective cohort study of two groups of patients: patients who had undergone a previous ERCP for choledocolithiasis (PES) and patients with cholecystolithiasis who had no previous intervention prior to LC (NPES).

Results
The PES group consists of 25 patients and the NPES group consists of 25 consecutive patients, patients in the PES group had a higher risks for longer (more than 35 min) duration of operation, the conversion rate in the PES group and the NPES group (12% versus 0%, respectively) were not significantly different, duration of post-operative hospital stay in the PES group was longer than NPES group, there was more difficulty in achieving the critical view of safety in the PES group (easily achieved in 48%) than NPES group(easily achieved in 92%).

Conclusion
A laparoscopic cholecystectomy after ES is longer and more difficult than in uncomplicated cholelithiasis and should therefore be performed by an experienced surgeon.