bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of electronic excitations involved in laser-induced damage in HfO2 and SiO2 films
Authors: Kafka K. R. P. , Hoffman B. N. , Kozlov A. A. , Demos S. G. 
Published: March 2021

The dynamics of electron excitations associated with the initiation of laser-induced damage in hafnia and silica monolayer films are investigated using time-resolved damage testing involving a pair of 0.7 ps pulses with adjustable delay and laser pulse fluences. Results in hafnia indicate that the relaxation profile depends on the pump-pulse fluence (initial excitation), and as a result, it exhibits an effective lifetime that is variable. Analogous experiments in silica form two different types of damage morphologies that are observed on different ranges of delay times.
Entelon (vitis vinifera seed extract) reduces degenerative changes in bovine pericardium valve leaflet in a dog intravascular implant model
Authors: Choi Gab-Chol , Kim Sokho , Rahman Md. Mahbubur , Oh Ji Hyun , Cho Yun Seok , Shin Hong Ju 
Published: March 2021

Background and aimsInflammation and calcification are major factors responsible for degeneration of bioprosthetic valve and other substitute heart valve implantations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-calcification effects of Entelon150®(consisting of grape-seed extract) in a beagle dog model of intravascular bovine pericardium implantation.MethodsIn total, 8 healthy male beagle dogs were implanted with a bovine pericardium bilaterally in the external jugular veins and divided into two groups. Animals in the Entelon150®group (n = 4) were treated with 150 mg of Entelon150®twice daily for six weeks after surgery. The negative control (NC) group (n = 4) was treated with 5 ml of saline using the same method. After six weeks, we measured the calcium content, performed histological examination, and performed molecular analysis.ResultsThe calcium content of implanted tissue in the Entelon150®group (0.56±0.14 mg/g) was significantly lower than that in the NC group (1.48±0.57 mg/g) (p < 0.05). Histopathological examination showed that infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells, such as fibroblasts and macrophages, occurred around the graft in all groups; however, the inflammation level of the implanted tissue in the Entelon150®group was s lower than that in the NC group. Both immunohistochemical and western blot analyses revealed that bone morphogenetic protein 2 expression was significantly attenuated in the Entelon150®group.ConclusionsOur results indicate that Entelon150®significantly attenuates post-implantation inflammation and degenerative calcification of the bovine pericardium in dogs. Therefore, Entelon150®may increase the longevity of the bovine pericardium after intravascular implantation.
Sildenafil-evoked photoreceptor oxidative stress in vivo is unrelated to impaired visual performance in mice
Authors: Berkowitz Bruce A. , Podolsky Robert H. , Lins Childers Karen , Saadane Aicha , Kern Timothy S. , Roberts Robin , Olds Hailey , Joy Joydip , Richards Collin , Rosales Tilman , Schneider Michael , Schilling Brennan , Orchanian Arthur , Graffice Emma , Sinan Kenan , Qian Haohua , Harp Lamis 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
The phosphodiesterase inhibitor sildenafil is a promising treatment for neurodegenerative disease, but it can cause oxidative stress in photoreceptors ex vivo and degrade visual performance in humans. Here, we test the hypotheses that in wildtype mice sildenafil causes i) wide-spread photoreceptor oxidative stress in vivo that is linked with ii) impaired vision.

Methods
In dark or light-adapted C57BL/6 mice ± sildenafil treatment, the presence of oxidative stress was evaluated in retina laminae in vivo by QUEnch-assiSTed (QUEST) magnetic resonance imaging, in the subretinal space in vivo by QUEST optical coherence tomography, and in freshly excised retina by a dichlorofluorescein assay. Visual performance indices were also evaluated by QUEST optokinetic tracking.

Results
In light-adapted mice, 1 hr post-sildenafil administration, oxidative stress was most evident in the superior peripheral outer retina on both in vivo and ex vivo examinations; little evidence was noted for central retina oxidative stress in vivo and ex vivo. In dark-adapted mice 1 hr after sildenafil, no evidence for outer retina oxidative stress was found in vivo. Evidence for sildenafil-induced central retina rod cGMP accumulation was suggested as a panretinally thinner, dark-like subretinal space thickness in light-adapted mice at 1 hr but not 5 hr post-sildenafil. Cone-based visual performance was impaired by 5 hr post-sildenafil and not corrected with anti-oxidants; vision was normal at 1 hr and 24 hr post-sildenafil.

Conclusions
The sildenafil-induced spatiotemporal pattern of oxidative stress in photoreceptors dominated by rods was unrelated to impairment of cone-based visual performance in wildtype mice.
The pronounced lung lesions developing in LATY136F knock-in mice mimic human IgG4-related lung disease
Authors: Waseda Yuko , Yamada Kazunori , Mizuguchi Keishi , Ito Kiyoaki , Watanabe Satoshi , Zuka Masahiko , Ishizuka Tamotsu , Malissen Marie , Malissen Bernard , Kawano Mitsuhiro , Matsui Shoko 
Published: March 2021

Rationale
Immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a novel clinical disease entity characterized by an elevated serum IgG4 concentration and tumefaction or tissue infiltration by IgG4-positive plasma cells. Pathological changes are most frequently seen in the pancreas, lacrimal glands, and salivary glands, but pathological changes in the lung also exist. Linker for activation of T cell (LAT)Y136F knock-in mice show Th2-dominant immunoreactions with elevated serum IgG1 levels, corresponding to human IgG4. We have reported that LATY136F knock-in mice display several characteristic features of IgG4-RD and concluded that they constitute an appropriate model of human IgG4-RD in salivary glands, pancreas, and kidney lesions.

Objectives
The aim of this study is to evaluate whether lung lesions in LATY136F knock-in mice can be a model of IgG4-related lung disease.

Methods
Lung tissue samples from LATY136F knock-in mice (LAT) and wild-type mice (WT) were immunostained for IgG1 and obtained for pathological evaluation, and cell fractions and cytokine levels in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were analyzed.

Results
In the LAT group, IgG1-positive inflammatory cells increased starting at 4 weeks of age and peaked at 10 weeks of age. The total cell count and percentage of lymphocytes increased significantly in BALF in the LAT group compared to the WT group. In BALF, Th2-dominant cytokines and transforming growth factor-β were also increased. In the LAT group, marked inflammation around broncho-vascular bundles peaked at 10 weeks of age. After 10 weeks, fibrosis around broncho-vascular bundles and bronchiectasis were observed in LATY136F knock-in mice but not WT mice.

Conclusions
LATY136F knock-in mice constitute an appropriate model of lung lesions in IgG4-RD.
Independent predictors of acute kidney injury in patients with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Zhunuspekova Aisulu , Mansurova Jamilya , Karazhanova Lyudmila 
Published: March 2021

Introduction
High residual platelet reactivity (RPR) in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) receiving antiplatelet agents has been associated with a high risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI).

Study aim
This study aimed at identification of independent prognostic predictors of AKI risk in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after PCI.

Study design, setting and patients
This was a prospective single-center clinical trial that included 155 patients (n = 119 without AKI, n = 36 with AKI, mean age 64.0±10.6 years, of whom 74.2% were males), who underwent PCI with stenting. We prospectively evaluated RPR using optical aggregometry. Development of AKI was the primary endpoint.

Results
Acute renal dysfunction was observed in 36 patients (23.2%) after PCI, the risk factors of which according to univariate regression analysis were: age (p = 0.040), low diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p = 0.001), having severe heart failure (HF) according to Killip (p<0.001), low level of hemoglobin (p = 0.026) and erythrocytes (p = 0.005), increased creatinine (p<0.001), low baseline glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (p<0.001), low left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF) (p = 0.003), high residual platelet reactivity (RPR) (p<0.001) and platelet aggregation area under the curve (AUC) with 10 μg/mL ADP (p<0.001), as well as dose of X-ray contrast medium (XCM) (p = 0.008). As a result of multivariate regression analysis the following independent predictors of AKI were established with the inclusion of the above factors: baseline creatinine level [OR 1.033 at 95% CI from 1.017 to 1.049; p<0.001], RPR with 10 μg/mL ADP [OR 1.060 at 95% CI from 1.027 to 1.094; p = 0.001], dose of an XCM [ОR 1.005 at 95% CI from 1.001 to 1.008; р = 0.014], diastolic blood pressure (DBP) [OR 0.926 at 95% CI from 0.888 to 0.965; p<0.001].

Conclusion
ADP-induced high residual platelet reactivity, baseline creatinine level, X-ray contrast medium, low diastolic blood pressure were independent predictors of AKI in patients with ACS after PCI.
Prevalence of sleep disturbances in Chinese adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liang Mengjiao , Guo Ling , Huo Jing , Zhou Guoliang 
Published: March 2021

Objectives
To review cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of sleep disturbance in Chinese adolescents and use a meta-analysis to explore the factors that may explain the heterogeneity between estimates of the prevalence.

Methods
We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis and searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, SinoMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang, and VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals databases from their inception through June 30, 2020. Analysis of the abstract, full-text, and data were conducted independently with uniform standards. Sub-group analyses and meta-regression analyses were performed to explore the associations between prevalence and gender, sex ratio, mean age, area, studying stage, sample size, survey time, response rate, assessment tools, PSQI cut-off, and quality score of the study.

Results
A total of 63 studies (64 groups of outcomes) were included in our analysis, covering 430,422 adolescents across China, of which 104,802 adolescents had sleep disturbances. The overall pooled prevalence was 26% (95% CI: 24–27%). Adolescents in senior high school (28%, 95% CI: 24–31%, p<0.001) had a higher prevalence of sleep disturbances than those in junior high school (20%, 95% CI: 15–24%, p<0.001). Studies with effective sample size of more than 1,000 and less than 3,000 had the highest prevalence of 30% (95% CI: 24–35%, p<0.001). The prevalence of sleep disturbances was not affected by other factors.

Conclusion
This systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that sleep disturbances are common in Chinese adolescents, and effective psychological and behavior intervention may be needed to help adolescents solve their sleep problems.
Incidence and risk factors for major bleeding among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: Findings from the Norwegian Coronary Stent Trial (NORSTENT)
Authors: Samuelsen Per-Jostein , Eggen Anne Elise , Steigen Terje , Wilsgaard Tom , Kristensen Andreas , Skogsholm Anne , Holme Elizabeth , van den Heuvel Christian , Nordrehaug Jan Erik , Bendz Bjørn , Nilsen Dennis W. T. , Bønaa Kaare Harald 
Published: March 2021

Introduction
Bleeding is a concern after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and subsequent dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). We herein report the incidence and risk factors for major bleeding in the Norwegian Coronary Stent Trial (NORSTENT).

Materials and methods
NORSTENT was a randomized, double blind, pragmatic trial among patients with acute coronary syndrome or stable coronary disease undergoing PCI during 2008–11. The patients (N = 9,013) were randomized to receive either a drug-eluting stent or a bare-metal stent, and were treated with at least nine months of DAPT. The patients were followed for a median of five years, with Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) 3–5 major bleeding as one of the safety endpoints. We estimated cumulative incidence of major bleeding by a competing risks model and risk factors through cause-specific Cox models.

Results
The 12-month cumulative incidence of major bleeding was 2.3%. Independent risk factors for major bleeding were chronic kidney disease, low bodyweight (< 60 kilograms), diabetes mellitus, and advanced age (> 80 years). A myocardial infarction (MI) or PCI during follow-up increased the risk of major bleeding (HR = 1.67, 95% CI 1-29-2.15).

Conclusions
The 12-month cumulative incidence of major bleeding in NORSTENT was higher than reported in previous, explanatory trials. This analysis strengthens the role of chronic kidney disease, advanced age, and low bodyweight as risk factors for major bleeding among patients receiving DAPT after PCI. The presence of diabetes mellitus or recurrent MI among patients is furthermore a signal of increased bleeding risk.

Clinical trial registration
Unique identifier NCT00811772; http://www.clinicaltrial.gov.
Validation of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for rapid and sensitive detection of Ureaplasma species in respiratory tracts of preterm infants
Authors: Mikami Yuta , Fuwa Kazumasa , Arima Eriko , Suda Yasuo , Yanagihara Itaru , Ibara Satoshi 
Published: March 2021

Introduction
A simple and rapid diagnosis of Ureaplasma spp. is required for the choice of the appropriate antibiotic. However, an ideal detection method has not been available. This study examines the efficacy of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay, which provides rapid and sensitive results, to detect Ureaplasma spp. in respiratory tract samples of preterm infants.

Methods
The study included preterm infants born before 32 weeks of gestation admitted Kagoshima City Hospital from June 2018 to March 2020. Nasopharyngeal swabs and/or tracheal aspirates were obtained in the first seven postnatal days. One hundred sixty-seven nasopharyngeal swabs and 101 tracheal aspirates were analyzed by LAMP, culture, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results
All 167 infants had a median (range) gestational age of 28.7 weeks (22.3–30.9) and birthweight 1030g (322–1828). One hundred sixty-seven nasopharyngeal swabs and 101 tracheal aspirates were obtained. In the results of nasopharyngeal swabs, the sensitivity and specificity of LAMP were 73.9% (17/23) and 97.2% (140/144), whereas those of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were 73.9% (17/23) and 95.8% (138/144), compared to culture. In the results of tracheal aspirates, the sensitivity and specificity of LAMP were 89.5% (17/19) and 92.7% (76/82), whereas those of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were 89.5% (17/19) and 93.9% (77/82), compared to culture.

Conclusions
The LAMP assay showed similar sensitivity and specificity with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in the respiratory tracts of preterm infants including extremely preterm infants during the immediate postnatal period. Therefore, the LAMP is a practical alternative for the early detection so that appropriate antibiotics can be administered for preventing BPD.
Presence of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 plasma
Authors: Tso For Yue , Lidenge Salum J. , Poppe Lisa K. , Peña Phoebe B. , Privatt Sara R. , Bennett Sydney J. , Ngowi John R. , Mwaiselage Julius , Belshan Michael , Siedlik Jacob A. , Raine Morgan A. , Ochoa Juan B. , Garcia-Diaz Julia , Nossaman Bobby , Buckner Lyndsey , Roberts W. Mark , Dean Matthew J. , Ochoa Augusto C. , West John T. , Wood Charles 
Published: March 2021

Background
Neutralizing-antibody (nAb) is the major focus of most ongoing COVID-19 vaccine trials. However, nAb response against SARS-CoV-2, when present, decays rapidly. Given the myriad roles of antibodies in immune responses, it is possible that antibodies could also mediate protection against SARS-CoV-2 via effector mechanisms such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), which we sought to explore here.

Methods
Plasma of 3 uninfected controls and 20 subjects exposed to, or recovering from, SARS-CoV-2 infection were collected from U.S. and sub-Saharan Africa. Immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies in the plasma samples. SARS-CoV-2 specific neutralizing capability of these plasmas was assessed with SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped virus. ADCC activity was assessed with a calcein release assay.

Results
SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies were detected in all COVID-19 subjects studied. All but three COVID-19 subjects contained nAb at high potency (>80% neutralization). Plasma from 19/20 of COVID-19 subjects also demonstrated strong ADCC activity against SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, including two individuals without nAb against SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusion
Both neutralizing and non-neutralizing COVID-19 plasmas can mediate ADCC. Our findings argue that evaluation of potential vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 should include investigation of the magnitude and durability of ADCC, in addition to nAb.
LncRNA LINC00857 strengthens the malignancy behaviors of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells by serving as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-340-5p to upregulate TGFA expression
Authors: Li Tingfu , Zhao Hongbo , Zhou Hua , Geng Tingting 
Published: March 2021

Background
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a pancreatic disease with a high mortality rate in the world. This present research intends to identify the function of lncRNA LINC00857/miR-340-5p/Transforming growth factor alpha (TGFA) in the progression of PAAD.

Methods
Bioinformatics analysis was used to explore the differentially expressed lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA and analyze the relationship between lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA expression and prognosis of PAAD by enquiring TCGA, GEO and GTEX. KEGG pathway analysis and GO enrichment analysis were implemented to annotate the crucial genes regulated by LINC00857. The biological behaviors of PAAD cells were detected by CCK-8, colony formation and transwell assays. Interactive associations between LINC00857 and miR-340-5p, as well as miR-340-5p and TGFA were analyzed by dual luciferase assay.

Results
By enquiring TCGA database, we got that LINC00857 was highly expressed in patients with PAAD and positively associated with worse prognosis in PAAD patients. Moreover, LINC00857 upregulation promoted the proliferation and clone formation abilities of PAAD cells. Afterwards, the downstream miRNA and mRNA targets of LINC00857 were picked up to construct a ceRNA network. Further study revealed that TGFA expression was positively regulated by LINC00857 and negatively regulated by miR-340-5p. Besides that, the inhibitory effect of miR-340-5p on PAAD cells growth and movement can be blocked by LINC00857 upregulation. While, the malignant behavior of PAAD cells induced by TGFA overexpression can be eliminated by LINC00857 knockdown.

Conclusions
Upregulation of LINC00857 improved growth, invasion and migration abilities of PAAD cells by modulation of miR-340-5p/TGFA, affording potential targets and biomarkers for the clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Cuba’s cardiovascular risk factors: International comparison of levels and education gradients
Authors: Dieci Maria , Llibre-Rodriguez Juan J. , Acosta Daisy , Dow William H. 
Published: March 2021

Background
Cuba’s life expectancy at 79 is third highest in Latin America. Many attribute this to social investments in health and education, but comparative research is sparse, thus we compare Cuba with neighboring Dominican Republic, Costa Rica due to its strong social protections, and the U.S. Given high cardiovascular mortality, we focus on cardiovascular risk factor levels. To assess the role of health care, we distinguish medically amenable biomarkers from behavioral risk factors. To assess the role of Cuba’s focus on equity, we compare education gradients in risk factors.

Methods
We analyze Cuban data from the 10/66 Dementia Research Group baseline survey of urban adults ages 65 plus. Comparison samples are drawn from the Dominican Republic 10/66 survey, the Costa Rican CRELES, and U.S. NHANES. We analyze cross-country levels and education gradients of medically amenable (hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, access to health care) and behavioral (smoking, obesity) risk factors,–using sex-stratified weighted means comparisons and age-adjusted logistic regression.

Results
Neither medically amenable nor behavioral risk factors are uniformly better in Cuba than comparison countries. Obesity is lower in Cuba, but male smoking is higher. Hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia levels are high in all countries, though Cuba’s are lower than Costa Rica. Hypertension awareness in Cuba is similar to Costa Rica. Cuba has a higher proportion of hypertensives on treatment than Costa Rica, though lower than the U.S. Comparative gradients by education are similarly mixed. For behavioral factors, Cuba shows the strongest gradients (primarily for men) among the countries compared: smoking improves, but obesity worsens with education. Hypertension awareness also improves with education in Cuba, but Cuba shows no significant differences by education in hypertension treatment.

Conclusion
Smoking is comparatively high in Cuba, but obesity is low, and the resulting biomarkers show comparatively mixed patterns. Cuba’s social protections have not eliminated strong educational gradients in behavioral risk factors, but the healthcare system appears to have eliminated disparities such as in hypertension treatment.