bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DBTP2SF: A deep blockchain‐based trustworthy privacy‐preserving secured framework in industrial internet of things systems
Authors: Kumar Randhir , Tripathi Rakesh 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBy providing ubiquitous connectivity, effective data analytics tools, and better decision support systems for improved market competitiveness, the industrial internet of things (IIoT) promises creative business models in different industrial domains. However, the conventional IIoT architecture can no longer provide adequate support for such an enormous device as the number of nodes, and network size increases. Therefore, several challenges, such as security, privacy, centralization, trust, and integrity prevents faster adaptation of IIoT applications. To address aforementioned challenges, we present a deep blockchain‐based trustworthy privacy‐preserving secured framework (DBTP2SF) for IIoT environment. This framework comprises of three modules, namely, trust management module, a two‐level privacy‐preservation module, and an anomaly detection module. In trustworthiness module, blockchain (BC)‐based address reputation system is proposed. In the two‐level privacy module a BC‐based enhanced proof of work technique is simultaneously applied with AutoEncoder, to transform cyber‐physical system data into a new reduced form that prevents inference and poisoning attacks. In the anomaly detection module, deep neural network is deployed. Finally, due to various limitations of current Cloud‐Fog infrastructure, we present a BC‐interplanetary file systems integrated Cloud‐Fog architecture, namely, BlockCloud and BlockFog to deploy proposed DBTP2SF framework in IIoT environment. The experiment is conducted using IIoT‐based realistic dataset, namely, ToN‐IoT. The performance analysis shows that the proposed approach outperforms using transformed dataset over peer privacy‐preserving intrusion detection strategies, and has obtained accuracy of 98.97%, and detection rate of 93.87%. Finally, we have shown the superiority of DBTP2SF framework over some of the recent state‐of‐art techniques in both non‐BC and BC‐based IIoT system.
α‐Synuclein evokes NLRP3 inflammasome‐mediated IL‐1β secretion from primary human microglia
Authors: Pike Adrianne F. , Varanita Tatiana , Herrebout Maaike A. C. , Plug Bonnie C. , Kole Jeroen , Musters René J. P. , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Hoozemans Jeroen J. M. , Bubacco Luigi , Veerhuis Robert 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSynucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease (PD) are hallmarked by α‐synuclein (α‐syn) pathology and neuroinflammation. This neuroinflammation involves activated microglia with increased secretion of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β). The main driver of IL‐1β secretion from microglia is the NLRP3 inflammasome. A critical link between microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the progression of both α‐syn pathology and dopaminergic neurodegeneration has been identified in various PD models in vivo. α‐Syn is known to activate the microglial NLRP3 inflammasome in murine models, but its relationship to this inflammasome in human microglia has not been established. In this study, IL‐1β secretion from primary mouse microglia induced by α‐syn fibrils was dependent on NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and caspase‐1 activity, as previously reported. We show that exposure of primary human microglia to α‐syn fibrils also resulted in significant IL‐1β secretion that was dependent on inflammasome assembly and involved the recruitment of caspase‐1 protein to inflammasome scaffolds as visualized with superresolution microscopy. While canonical IL‐1β secretion was clearly dependent on caspase‐1 enzymatic activity, this activity was less clearly involved for α‐syn‐induced IL‐1β secretion from human microglia. This work presents similarities between primary human and mouse microglia in the mechanisms of activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by α‐syn, but also highlights evidence to suggest that there may be a difference in the requirement for caspase‐1 activity in IL‐1β output. The data represent a novel characterization of PD‐related NLRP3 inflammasome activation in primary human microglia and further implicate this mechanism in the pathology underlying PD.
Neural links between facial emotion recognition and cognitive impairment in presbycusis
Authors: Belkhiria Chama , Vergara Rodrigo C. , Martinez Melissa , Delano Paul H. , Delgado Carolina 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesFacial emotion recognition (FER) is impaired in people with dementia and with severe to profound hearing loss, probably reflecting common neural changes. Here, we aim to study the association between brain structures and FER impairment in mild to moderate age‐related hearing loss participants.MethodsWe evaluated FER in a cross‐sectional cohort of 111 Chilean nondemented elderly participants. They were assessed for FER in seven different categories using 35 facial stimuli. We collected pure‐tone average (PTA) audiometric thresholds, cognitive and neuropsychiatric assessments, and morphometric brain imaging using a 3‐Tesla MRI.ResultsAccording to PTA threshold levels, participants were classified as controls (≤25 dB, n = 56) or presbycusis (>25 dB, n = 55), with an average PTA of 17.08 ± 4.8 dB HL and 36.27 ± 9.5 dB HL respectively. Poorer total FER score was correlated with worse hearing thresholds (r = −0.23, p < 0.05) in participants with presbycusis. Multiple regression models explained 57 % of the variability of FER in presbycusis and 10% in controls. In both groups, the main determinant of FER was cognitive performance. In the brain structure of presbycusis participants, FER was correlated with the atrophy of the right insula, right hippocampus, bilateral cingulate cortex and multiple areas of the temporal cortex. In controls, FER was only associated with bilateral middle temporal cortex volume.ConclusionsFER impairment in presbycusis is distinctively associated with atrophy of neural structures engaged in the perceptual and conceptual level of face emotion processing.
Credit supply, house prices, and financial stability
Authors: Min Feng , Wen Fenghua , Xu Jiayu , Wu Nan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe investigate how both traditional bank credit and shadow banking credit affect housing prices and financial stress based on China's monthly data from January 2003 to December 2019. Our results show that: (a) the effects of bank credit shocks and shadow banking credit shocks on housing prices partly offset each other; (b) increasing bank loans in recessions will increase financial instability, while increasing shadow bank credit in recessions will lower financial instability; (c) commercial bank credit plays a more important role in explaining housing price fluctuations, while shadow banking credit plays a more important role in explaining financial stress fluctuations. Our results are robust to a wide battery of checks and have important policy implications.
Antibiotic use during repair of obstetrical anal sphincter injury: a quality improvement initiative
Authors: Cox Caroline K. , Bugosh Meghan D. , Fenner Dee E. , Smith Roger , Swenson Carolyn W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of a quality improvement initiative regarding the administration of antibiotics at the time of obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASIS) repair.MethodsAt University of Michigan—a tertiary care center in Ann Arbor, MI, USA, we implemented a quality improvement intervention aimed at administering a single dose of broad‐spectrum antibiotics at the time of OASIS repair. Best practice recommendations and reminders were presented to the department. Cefazolin plus metronidazole or clindamycin plus gentamycin were the recommended antibiotics. The effects of this intervention were assessed based on a chart review of deliveries between January 4, 2014 and February 13, 2019, which included patient data both pre‐initiative and post‐initiative to compare the prevalence of antibiotic use at the time of OASIS repair.ResultsRecommended antibiotic use increased from 0.3% (1/372) pre‐initiative to 75.7% (106/140) post‐initiative (P < 0.001), and any antibiotic use increased from 6.5% (24/372) to 82.9% (116/140, P < 0.001). The proportion of cases complicated by wound infection/breakdown decreased by 55% after the quality improvement intervention (3.2% pre‐intervention vs 1.4% post‐intervention, P = 0.22).ConclusionFollowing a departmental quality improvement intervention aimed at increasing antibiotic administration at the time of OASIS repair, antibiotic use increased 13‐fold. Although underpowered to detect a significant difference in wound complications, our study showed a clinically meaningful decrease in wound infection/breakdown with antibiotic administration.
Efficacy of Zoledronic Acid in Maintaining Areal and Volumetric Bone Density After Combined Denosumab and Teriparatide Administration: DATA-HD Study Extension
Authors: Ramchand Sabashini K , David Natalie L , Lee Hang , Eastell Richard , Tsai Joy N , Leder Benjamin Z 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Combined teriparatide and denosumab rapidly and substantially increases bone mineral density (BMD) at all anatomic sites. Discontinuation of denosumab however, results in high-turnover bone loss and increased fracture risk. The optimal way to prevent this bone loss remains undefined. This study is a preplanned extension of the DATA-HD study, where postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were randomized to receive 9 months of either 20 μg or 40 μg of teriparatide daily overlapping with denosumab (60 mg administered at months 3 and 9). At the completion of this 15-month study, women were invited to enroll in the DATA-HD Extension where they received a single dose of zoledronic acid (5 mg) 24 to 35 weeks after the last denosumab dose. Areal BMD and bone turnover markers were measured at month 27 and 42 (12 and 27 months after zoledronic acid, respectively) and spine and hip volumetric bone density by quantitative CT was measured at month 42. Fifty-three women enrolled in the DATA-HD Extension. At the femoral neck and total hip, the mean 5.6% and 5.1% gains in BMD achieved from month 0 to 15 were maintained both 12 and 27 months after zoledronic acid administration. At the spine, the mean 13.6% gain in BMD achieved from month 0 to 15 was maintained for the first 12 months but modestly decreased thereafter, resulting in a 3.0% reduction (95% CI, −4.0% to −2.0%, p &lt; .0001) 27 months after zoledronic acid. The pattern of BMD changes between months 15 and 42 were qualitatively similar in the 20-μg and 40-μg groups. A single dose of zoledronic acid effectively maintains the large and rapid total hip and femoral neck BMD increases achieved with combination teriparatide/denosumab therapy for at least 27 months following the transition. Spine BMD was also largely, though not fully, maintained during this period. These data suggest that the DATA-HD Extension regimen may be an effective strategy in the long-term management of patients at high risk of fragility fracture. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Advanced glycation end products and their adverse effects: The role of autophagy
Authors: Sruthi C. R. , Raghu K. G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe critical roles played by advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) accumulation in diabetes and diabetic complications have gained intense recognition. AGEs interfere with the normal functioning of almost every organ with multiple actions like apoptosis, inflammation, protein dysfunction, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. However, the development of a potential treatment strategy is yet to be established. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular process that maintains cellular homeostasis with the degradation and recycling systems. AGEs can activate autophagy signaling, which could be targeted as a therapeutic strategy against AGEs induced problems. In this review, we have provided an overview of the adverse effects of AGEs, and we put forth the notion that autophagy could be a promising targetable strategy against AGEs.
Serum N‐glycan profiling as a diagnostic biomarker for the identification and assessment of psoriasis
Authors: Zou Chengyun , Huang Chenjun , Yan Li , Li Xin , Xing Meng , Li Bin , Gao Chunfang , Wang Haiying 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundGlycosylation is an important post‐translational modification of protein. The change in glycosylation is involved in the occurrence and development of various diseases, and this study verified that N‐glycan markers might be a diagnostic marker in psoriasis.MethodsA total of 76 psoriasis patients were recruited. We used Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) scores to evaluate the state of psoriasis, 41 of whom were divided into three subgroups: mild, moderate, and severe. At the same time, 76 healthy subjects were enrolled as a control group. We used DNA sequencer–assisted fluorophore‐assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (DSA‐FACE) to analyze serum N‐glycan profiling.ResultsCompared with the healthy controls, the relative abundance of structures in peaks 5(NA2), 9(NA3Fb), 11(NA4), and 12(NA4Fb) was elevated (p < .05), while that in peaks 3(NG1A2F), 4(NG1A2F), 6(NA2F), and 7(NA2FB) was decreased (p < .05) in the psoriasis group. The abundance of peak 5 (NA2) increased gradually with the aggravation of disease severity though there was no statistically significant, was probably correlated with the disease severity. The best area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of the logistic regression model (PglycoA) to diagnose psoriasis was 0.867, with a sensitivity of 72.37%, a specificity of 85.53%, a positive predictive value(PPV) of 83.33%, a negative predictive value(NPV) of 75.58%, and an accuracy of 78.95%.ConclusionsOur study indicated that the N‐glycan–based diagnostic model would be a new, valuable, and noninvasive alternative for diagnosing psoriasis. Furthermore, the characteristic distinctive N‐glycan marker might be correlated with the severity gradation of the psoriasis disease.
A cross‐cultural examination of pleasant events and depressive symptoms
Authors: Vanderkruik Rachel , Whisman Mark A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the associations between pleasant or reinforcing activities (as they relate to the behavioral theory of depression) and depressive symptoms across cultures.MethodsWe tested for differences in the strength of association between pleasant events and depressive symptoms in probability samples of adults from the United States (N = 619) and Japan (N = 232).ResultsResults indicate that frequency, enjoyment, and obtained pleasure from pleasant events were significantly and negatively associated with depressive symptoms for both American and Japanese adults, and these associations were significantly greater in magnitude for American adults relative to Japanese adults.ConclusionsFindings suggest that there is a cross‐sectional association between pleasant events and depressive symptoms in both the United States and Japan, and that this association is stronger in the United States.
Processes and outcomes of a communalization of trauma approach: Vets & Friends community‐based support groups
Authors: Balmer B R. , Sippola John , Beehler Sarah 
Published: January 2021

AbstractVeterans often experience challenges related to processing traumatic experiences and community reintegration, yet there is a dearth of research on promising community‐driven approaches. This paper describes core processes and outcomes of Vets & Friends (V&F), a community‐based support program that promotes veteran reintegration by healing trauma and moral injury using a communalization of trauma (CoT) approach. We conducted focus groups with 23 V&F group members. A mix of inductive and deductive codes were generated during thematic analysis. Critical themes identified included processes such as sharing narratives, connecting emotionally with experiences, feeling heard and accepted by group members, and listening as others shared their experiences. Outcomes included restoration of trust, connection with group members, building skills to manage trauma, and community acceptance and engagement. V&F shows promise in meeting veteran‐specific needs by employing CoT approaches that offer opportunities to restore community trust and acceptance.
Selective screening for lysosomal storage disorders in a large cohort of minorities of African descent shows high prevalence rates and novel variants
Authors: Limgala Renuka Pudi , Furtak Vyacheslav , Ivanova Margarita M. , Changsila Erk , Wilks Floyd , Fidelia‐Lambert Marie N. , Goker‐Alpan Ozlem , Gondré‐Lewis Marjorie C. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPopulation studies point to regional and ethnicity‐specific differences in genetic predisposition for some lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of the three treatable forms of lysosomal storage disorders (Gaucher disease [GD], Pompe disease [PD], and Fabry disease [FD]) in a cohort of mostly urban‐dwelling individuals of African ancestry, a previously unknown genetic landscape for LSDs. Large‐scale selective multistep biochemical and genetic screening was performed in patients seeking healthcare for various health concerns. Fluorimetric enzyme assays for GD, PD, and FD were performed on dried blood spots. Targeted gene sequencing was performed on samples that showed significantly lower enzyme activities (<10% of control mean) after two tiers of enzymatic screening. A total of 5287 unique samples representing a cross section of patients who visited Howard University Hospital and College of Medicine from 2015 to 2017 were included in the study. Study samples were obtained from a population where ~90% reported as African‐American, ~5% Hispanic, and <5% Caucasian or other. Regarding GD, three subjects had either homozygous or heterozygous mutations in the GBA gene. As to PD, eight subjects were either homozygous or compound heterozygous for GAA mutations, including three novel mutations: (a) c.472 A > G; p.T158A, (b) c.503G > T; p.R168L, (c) c.1985del. Regarding FD, two subjects had pathogenic GLA mutations, and four had single nucleotide polymorphisms in the 5'UTR, previously implicated in modulating gene expression. The findings highlight a higher incidence of abnormal enzyme levels and pathogenic mutations in the target population reflecting ancestry‐based specific genotype and phenotype variations.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID‐19 in people living with HIV in Belgium: A multicenter, retrospective cohort
Authors: Nasreddine Rakan , Florence Eric , Moutschen Michel , Yombi Jean‐Cyr , Goffard Jean‐Christophe , Derdelinckx Inge , Lacor Patrick , Vandekerckhove Linos , Messiaen Peter , Vandecasteele Stefaan , Delforge Marc , De Wit Stéphane ,   The Belgian Research on AIDS and HIV Consortium (BREACH)
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Belgium. We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort analysis of PLWH with either laboratory‐confirmed, radiologically diagnosed, or clinically suspected COVID‐19 between February 15, 2020 and May 31, 2020. The primary endpoint was outcome of COVID‐19. Secondary endpoints included rate of hospitalization and length of hospital stay and rate of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation. One hundred and one patients were included in this study. Patients were categorized as having either laboratory‐confirmed (n = 65), radiologically‐diagnosed (n = 3), or clinically suspected COVID‐19 (n = 33). The median age was 51.3 years (interquartile range [IQR] 41.3–57.3) and 44% were female. Ninety‐four percent of patients were virologically suppressed and 67% had a CD4+ cell count more than or equal to 500 cells/µl. Overall, 46% of patients required hospitalization and the median length of hospital stay was 6 days (IQR 3–15). Age more than or equal to 50 years, Black Sub‐Saharan African patients, and being on an integrase strand transfer inhibitor‐based regimen were associated with being hospitalized. ICU admission and mechanical ventilation was required for 15% and 10% of all patients respectively. Overall, 9% of patients died while 78 (77%) patients made a full recovery. HIV patients with COVID‐19 experienced a high degree of hospitalization despite having elevated CD4+ cell counts and a high rate of virologic suppression. Matched case‐control studies are warranted to measure the impact that HIV may have on patients with COVID‐19.
An updated review of the epidemiological factors associated with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Authors: Welschmeyer Alexandra , Berke Gerald S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo identify studies evaluating the epidemiology of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), including patient demographics, human papillomavirus (HPV) immunology, clinical course, surgical and medical treatments, and psychosocial factors.MethodsA systematic literature search through PubMed was performed to identify studies evaluating the epidemiological factors associated with RRP. All studies were screened through a priori selection criteria using the titles and abstracts.ResultsA total of 208 studies were identified, of which 54 met eligibility criteria and were included in the review.ConclusionsRRP is a rare disease most commonly caused by HPV 6 and 11. It is characterized by recurring benign papillomatous lesions in the respiratory tract, particularly the larynx. Existing evidence about disease risk factors is limited but includes both maternal HPV infection and patient smoking and sexual behaviors. Disease management involves a combination of routine surgical and medical treatment. Surgical techniques include CO2‐laser, sharp dissection, coblation, microdebridement, and photoangiolytic laser. Medical treatments which have been found to facilitate disease control off‐label include interferon‐alpha (IFN‐α), indole‐3‐carbinol, acyclovir, bevacizumab, retinoids, and the Gardasil and mumps vaccines. Many patients suffer from additional psychosocial challenges related to their diagnosis. Current disease knowledge remains limited, and more robust controlled trials about risk factors, medical therapies, and surgical options are needed.Level of Evidence5.
A comparison of statistical and dynamical downscaling methods for short‐term weather forecasts in the US Northeast
Authors: Alessi Marc J. , DeGaetano Arthur T. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) was used to produce both 9 and 3 km resolution ensemble forecasts from the deterministic Global Forecast System (GFS) model for microclimatic, agricultural regions in New York State. The forecasts were then statistically post‐processed to generate probabilistic forecasts for surface temperature (T), specific humidity (q), incoming solar radiation (SR) and precipitation (P). T was post‐processed with non‐homogeneous Gaussian regression (NGR), q and SR with truncated NGR, and P with extended logistic regression. A comparison of forecast skill was conducted between these post‐processed forecasts, the raw WRF output, the GFS forecasts and forecasts from the National Weather Service's deterministic National Digital Forecast Database (NDFD). Overall, significant improvement was observed in post‐processed WRF forecasts over all other methods for all locations and variables. Furthermore, raw WRF ensembles were found to outperform deterministic NDFD, so that if observational data are unavailable for post‐processing, dynamically downscaled WRF should be selected over deterministic, human‐altered NDFD forecasts. Finally, the 9 km post‐processed WRF had the same forecast skill as the 3 km post‐processed WRF, except for precipitation, rendering the 3 km WRF unnecessary if observational data are available, saving computational cost.