bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POBREZA MENSTRUAL: UMA QUESTÃO DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Marques Heck de Piau Vieira Lorena , Pereira Lopes Luíza , Gabriela Ferreira Carvalho Maria 
Published: November 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: Pobreza ou precariedade menstrual é um conceito que engloba o desafio vivenciado por bilhões de pessoas, no Brasil e no mundo, que não tem acesso adequado à saneamento básico, itens de higiene pessoal, protetores menstruais ou banheiros. Segundo dados da ONU, 12,5% da população feminina sofrem com este obstáculo, o que pode ser penoso durante a menstruação. Trata-se de um tema que reflete uma problemática sistêmica de desigualdade social e de gênero.

OBJETIVOS: Analisar a realidade das mulheres brasileiras que menstruam, a dificuldade de acesso aos seus direitos menstruais e o impacto gerado na vida destas.
METODOLOGIA: Revisão sistemática de artigos científicos originais nas bases de dados do PubMed, Medline, Lilacs e Scielo. Ao enfatizar os termos “Mulher”, “Pobreza”, “Menstruação”, foram selecionados “10” artigos, dos anos 1997 a 2021, relacionados ao assunto abordado. Utilizou-se como critério de escolha: pesquisas científicas até o ano de 2021 escritas e publicadas em português e inglês, selecionando aquelas que abordaram dados epidemiológicos, definições e políticas públicas sobre a pobreza menstrual.

RESULTADOS: No Brasil aproximadamente 26% das mulheres sofrem o impacto da pobreza menstrual. A falta de acesso a absorventes, por exemplo, leva ao uso inapropriado de papéis, sacolas plásticas, meias e jornais, com consequente surgimento de vulvovaginites, infecções do trato urinário e outras complicações. A situação se agrava para presidiárias, refugiadas e moradoras de rua. Ademais, além de afetar a saúde física e psíquica de inúmeras pessoas, faz perdurar a desigualdade entre homens e mulheres. 10% das meninas não comparecem às aulas quando estão menstruadas. Neste mesmo contexto, sabe-se que o nosso país possui uma das mais elevadas taxações sobre absorventes no mundo, com tributação média de 25% do produto. Isto, somado à não distribuição de tais produtos e o descaso na criticidade da situação demonstram a importante de se debater a respeito.

CONCLUSÃO: Com base na análise feita, é imprescindível dizer que a pobreza menstrual impacta negativamente na vida de milhares de mulheres no Brasil. Assim, este atual cenário evidencia a necessidade de mais políticas públicas de saúde para zelar pela dignidade humana da população feminina que sofre diariamente com a escassez de condições adequadas para o período menstrual.
ANÁLISE DO DIMENSIONAMENTO DE PROFISSIONAIS DE ENFERMAGEM EM UMA UNIDADE DE INTERNAÇÃO PEDIÁTRICA
Authors: Rigo Felipe Leonardo , De Matos Costa Relbson , Iracy Alves Leite Elizabeth , Henriques Gomes Miranda Carolina 
Published: November 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: As hospitalizações pediátricas são experiências complexas que se apresentam como um desafio para implantar modelos de assistência de enfermagem com foco na atenção ao paciente e sua família. A qualidade da assistência de enfermagem aos pacientes hospitalizados está diretamente relacionada aos aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos dos recursos humanos, isto é, ao dimensionamento de pessoal de enfermagem (DPE). OBJETIVO: Caracterizar o perfil dos pacientes hospitalizados em uma unidade de internação pediátrica em categorias de cuidado, determinar o Dimensionamento de Pessoal de Enfermagem adequado a este perfil e compará-lo à atual oferta de profissionais de enfermagem deste serviço. METODOLOGIA: Estudo descritivo, de caráter quantitativo, realizado na Unidade de Internação Pediátrica (UIP) de um hospital infantil público localizado em Belo Horizonte. A amostra do estudo foi composta por todos os pacientes hospitalizados na UIP. Os dados foram coletados de forma prospectiva, no período 05 de janeiro a 05 de fevereiro de 2019. Para classificação dos pacientes em categorias de cuidados de enfermagem, foi aplicada a versão beta do ICPP(9), instrumento sugerido pela Resolução COFEN 0543/2017. Estudo aprovado pelo Parecer nº 4.197.135. RESULTADOS: Foram obtidos um total de 2501 classificações através do Instrumento de Classificação de Pacientes Pediátricos versão beta proposto por Dini e Guirardello. A maioria das classificações foi do sexo masculino (53,97) e a faixa etária de maior frequência foi Lactentes (45,92%), seguida de Pré-escolares (20,60%). As pontuações das classificações variaram entre 12 e 40 com mediana de 29 (IQ 27 - 31). A maioria dos pacientes hospitalizados foi classificada como PCAD (55,46%), seguido de PCSI (31,55%). Identificou-se um déficit de 67,6% para enfermeiros e um excedente de 15,34% para auxiliares/técnicos de enfermagem. CONCLUSÃO: Os achados desta pesquisa foram coerentes com outros estudos. A adequação do dimensionamento da equipe de enfermagem pode reduzir a sobrecarga de trabalho, o acúmulo de tarefas e o conflito nos papéis vivenciados pelos enfermeiros. Esta adequação pode ainda favorecer a implantação do PE e da SAE, favorecendo a melhora da qualidade assistencial a redução do risco de eventos adversos relacionados à assistência em saúde.
Palavras-chave: Enfermagem; Dimensionamento de Pessoal; Pediatria
The Prepropalustrin-2CE2 and Preprobrevinin-2CE3 Gene from Rana
chensinensis: Gene Expression, Genomic Organization and Functional
Analysis of the Promoter Activity
Authors: Zhang Ruifen , Gao Jing , Xie Hui , Sun Yan , Zhang Yuan , Song Jing , Xiang Nanshu , Li Zhi 
Published: November 2021

Background:
For amphibians, antimicrobial peptides are innate immune molecules that
resist adverse external environmental stimuli. However, the regulation mechanism of antimicrobial
peptide gene expression in frogs is still unclear.

Objective:
The two antimicrobial peptides, palustrin-2CE2 and brevinin-2CE3, are produced under
external stimulation in Rana chensinensis. Using this model, we analyzed the gene structure and
regulatory elements of the two antimicrobial peptide genes and explored the regulatory effects of related
transcription factors on the two genes.

Method:
Different stimuli such as E. coli, S. aureus, and chemical substance lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) were applied to Rana chensinensis tadpoles at different developmental stages, and antimicrobial
peptide expression levels were detected by RT-PCR. Bioinformatics analysis and 5'-RACE
and genome walking technologies were employed to analyze the genome structure and promoter region
of the antimicrobial peptide genes. With dual-luciferase reporter gene assays, yeast one-hybrid
experiment and EMSA assays, we assessed the regulatory effect of the endogenous regulators
of the cell on the antimicrobial peptide promoter.

Results:
The transcription levels of prepropalustrin-2CE2 and preprobrevinin-2CE3 were significantly
upregulated after different stimulations. Genomic structure analysis showed that both genes
contained three exons and two introns. Promoter analysis indicated that there are binding sites for
regulatory factors of the NF-κB family in the promoter region, and experiments showed that endogenous
NF-κB family regulatory factors in frog cells activate the promoters of the antimicrobial
peptide genes. Yeast one-hybrid experiment and EMSA assay demonstrated that RelA and NF-κB1
might interact with specific motifs in the prepropalustrin-2CE2 promoter.

Conclusion:
In this paper, we found that the gene expression levels of the antimicrobial peptides,
palustrin-2CE2 and brevinin-2CE3, in R. chensinensis will increase under environmental stimuli,
and we verified that the changes in gene expression levels are affected by the transcription factors
RelA and NF-κB1. The yeast one-hybrid experiment and EMSA assay confirmed that RelA and
NF-κB1 could directly interact with the frog antimicrobial peptide gene promoter, providing new
data for the regulatory mechanism of antimicrobial peptides in response to environmental stimuli.
Effects of Co-Solvents on Loading and Release Properties of Self-
Assembled Di-Peptide Building Blocks, Towards Drug Delivery
Applications
Authors: Yazdani Sara , Ghoreishi Seyed Mohammad , Habibi Neda 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Due to their solid-like porous structure, molecular organogel and microcrystal
structures have the capabilities of loading drug molecules, encapsulation, and extended release,
all considered as essential properties in drug delivery applications. Phases of these structures,
however, depend on the solvent used during the gelation process.

Objective:
Understanding the phase transition between organogel and microcrystal structures
through adjusting the mixture ratio of different co-solvents.

Method:
Short peptide Diphenylalanine as the gelation building block was used due to its amino
acid sequences that can be exactly selected at its molecular levels. Ethanol as a polar solvent was
used in combination with four other co-solvents with different polarity levels, namely Xylene,
Toluene, Acetone, and Dimethyl Sulfoxide. The morphology of molecular structures of each co-solvent
combination at each ratio level was examined as well as the loading and release properties for
a non-polar Flufenamic Acid drug.

Results:
The resultant structure wasaffected by the polarity of the co-solvents; in particular, in the
sample containing 25 μg/ml of the drug, 94% of the drug amount was loaded inside the organogel.
By increasing the drug concentration to 50, 75, and 100 μg/ml, the loading capability decreased to
76%, 47%, and 33%, respectively.

Conclusion:
Molecular organogels have excellent capabilities of loading drug molecules, while microcrystal
structures have higher release capacity. The findings of this study reveal how to best design
a gelation method to obtain maximum loading or release properties for a particular peptide-
based drug delivery application.
D-amino Acids as Novel Blood-based Biomarkers
Authors: Murtas Giulia , Pollegioni Loredano 
Published: November 2021

Background:
D-amino acids are present in the human body originating from
diet, bacterial flora, and endogenous synthesis (at least for D-serine and, probably, D-aspartate).
D-amino acids are involved in important physiological processes (e.g., D-serine
and D-aspartate act on the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor as co-agonist and agonist, respectively)
and increasing evidence links D-amino acids to different pathological states.

Methods:
Determination of D-amino acids levels in blood is mainly based on enantiomeric
separations by high performance liquid chromatography. Because of the low amount
of D-enantiomers compared to the corresponding L-amino acids and the high background
noise associated with biological matrices, positive and negative controls are absolutely
required to obtain reliable values.

Results:
Altered levels of D-serine in blood have been reported in several neurological
and psychiatric disorders: it has been proposed as promising biomarker in schizophrenia,
Alzheimer’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Indeed, D-serine levels seem an
appropriate predictor of anti-depressant response in major depressive disorder and post--
traumatic stress disorder, as well as a prognostic biomarker of early cognitive decline, especially
when considering D-serine and D-proline levels simultaneously. Furthermore,
D-amino acids seem useful biomarkers for pathologies not related to the central nervous
system, such as pancreatic cancer and chronic kidney diseases.

Conclusion:
This is the first review focusing on the determination of blood levels of Damino
acids as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The experimental evidence of involvement
of D-amino acids in various physiological pathways suggest investigating
their levels in additional pathologies too, such as diabetes mellitus. In conclusion, the levels
of D-amino acids in blood may represent novel diagnostic peripheral biomarkers for
various disorders. Further studies are required to standardize/automatize the determinations
and for confirming their clinical effectiveness.
The Use of Berberine in Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Two Sides of
the Same Coin. A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Infantino Vittoria , Riva Antonella , Petrangolini Giovanna , Allegrini Pietro , Perna Simone , Iannello Giancarlo , Peroni Gabriella , Gasparri Clara , Rondanelli Mariangela 
Published: November 2021

:
The increased prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes has
prompted scientists to look for new active and safe molecules that may help the prevention of metabolic
disorders: hyperglycemia, insulin-resistance and dyslipidemia. Berberine is an alkaloid
compound derived from plants, and it is largely used in traditional Chinese medicine. The aim of
this study is to investigate in SCOPUS and Web of Science (WOS) databases how the scientists
focused on the use of berberine against metabolic disorders, in human subjects. We carried A bibliometric
analysis of scientific literature and performed 2 searches: 1) “Berberine” AND “Diabetes”
AND “Diabetes Type 2”, 2) “Berberine” AND “Metabolic Syndrome”, both in ARTICLE
(Title/Abstract/Keyword) with a time limitation of 1st January, 2000 through 31st December,
2018, with the filter on “HUMAN” AND/OR “HUMANS”. The research sorted out 500 papers,
finding about 300 (60 %) in the first search definition and 200 (40 %) in the second. The refined
research sorted out 46 papers regarding the use of berberine in diabetes, and 40 articles on the use
of the alkaloid compound in metabolic syndrome. For both topics, we found increasing interest
between 2008 and 2009, with citation trends in a constant crescendo in the overall period studied.
These findings underlined that berberine is a safe and interesting botanical compound, especially
against chronic-metabolic disorder that affects billions of people globally, and emphasized that
scientists are interested in searching for long-term therapies that show no major adverse effects.
Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiogenic Shock Interventional Approach
to Management in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratories
Authors: Tehrani Behnam N. , Damluji Abdulla A. , Batchelor Wayne B. 
Published: November 2021

:
Despite advances in early reperfusion and a technologic renaissance in the space of mechanical
circulatory support (MCS), cardiogenic shock (CS) remains the leading cause of in-hospital
mortality following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Given the challenges inherent to conducting
adequately powered randomized controlled trials in this time-sensitive, hemodynamically
complex, and highly lethal syndrome, treatment recommendations have been derived from AMI patients
without shock. In this review, we aimed to (1) examine the pathophysiology and the new classification
system for CS; (2) provide a comprehensive, evidence-based review for best practices for
interventional management of AMI-CS in the cardiac catheterization laboratory; and (3) highlight
the concept of how frailty and geriatric syndromes can be integrated into the decision process and
where medical futility lies in the spectrum of AMI-CS care. Management strategies in the cardiac
catheterization laboratory for CS include optimal vascular access, periprocedural antithrombotic
therapy, culprit lesion versus multi-vessel revascularization, selective utilization of hemodynamic
MCS tailored to individual shock hemometabolic profiles, and management of cardiac arrest. Efforts
to advance clinical evidence for patients with CS should be concentrated on (1) the coordination
of multi-center registries; (2) development of pragmatic clinical trials designed to evaluate innovative
therapies; (3) establishment of multidisciplinary care models that will inform quality care
and improve clinical outcomes.
Reducing Vehicle Submersions and Consequent Fatalities on Highway I-75 in Florida (Alligator Alley): Effectiveness of a Cable Safety Barrier System
Authors: McDonald Gerren , Giesbrecht Gordon G. 
Published: November 2021

Objective:We evaluated the effectiveness of a Cable Safety Barrier (CSB) system in preventing Run-Off-Road (ROR) Vehicle Immersions (VIs) and fatalities in canals along the I-75 freeway (Alligator Alley) in Collier County, Florida. The CSB system, which runs along both sides of the 80-km stretch of freeway and was installed between 2003 and 2004.Methods:Data from the Fatal Analysis Reporting System (FARS) were used to compare annual VIs and VI fatalities between pre-installation of the CSB system (1995-2002) to post-installation (2005-2012). As well, post-installation data from the Florida Department of Transport (FDOT) (2007-2011) and police reports were reviewed to determine the number of, and manner in which, vehicles were either contained by, or crossed, the CSB by either penetrating or overriding the barriers.Results:Pre- to post-installation, total accidents increased from 81.4/y to 106.2/y, accidents resulting in VIs decreased from 13.8% to 2.4%, and accidents resulting in VI fatalities decreased from 3.4% to 0.4% (FDOT). Fatal vehicle immersions decreased from 2.4/y to 0.9/y (P<0.01) and vehicle immersion fatalities decreased from 3.3/y to 1.4/y (P<0.05) (FARS). Post-installation, 531 accidents occurred with 110 ROR vehicles travelling towards the canals; 91 vehicles contacted the CSB with only 14 vehicles (15.4%) penetrating the barrier, and 7 (7.7%) overriding the barrier (FDOT).Conclusion:The CSB system along I-75 in Collier County dramatically decreased ROR vehicles from reaching the parallel canals, and consequent vehicle immersion fatalities. Results support the installation of lateral CSB systems on other high-risk roadways to reduce ROR crashes into water, or with other secondary hazards.
Trends in economic development and education of future economists
Authors: Filippova Olga Vladimirovna , Grigoriev Alexander Vladimirovich , Murzagalina Gulnaz Minnulovna , Sorgutov Ilya Valerievich , Latifzoda Dilovar Nazrishoevich , Kalimullin Dilovar Dilovarowish 
Published: November 2021

It is known that the human factor is one of the most important production factors contributing to economic growth, interest in investing in education has increased. In modern conditions, recognition of the effective role of investment in education in achieving comprehensive economic and social development has intensified. Many Governments have realized the value of investing in education and the need to create knowledge based on the benefits of economic growth. The profession of an economist in modern conditions is a rather promising area of training in higher education. Of particular interest in modern conditions is the need to analyze the existing economic conditions, when the epidemic of coronavirus infection radically changed the established trade and production ties. For this reason, the need to educate and train future specialists in the field of economics, who possess both theoretical and practical knowledge, is quite high, since the future of many countries of the world depends on them and they will be able to develop the necessary anti-crisis plan for states to break the economic impasse.
Impact of inquiry-based English teaching through digital applications on primary schoolchildren's reading comprehension and autonomy in pandemic situation
Authors: Pipia Ekaterine , Chikovani Irina 
Published: November 2021

Considering the urgency of integrating technologies in the contemporary classrooms, the aim of the presented study has been shaped to outline the impact of inquiry-based English language teaching through digital applications on primary learners’ reading comprehension and autonomy development during a pandemic outbreak of COVID-19. The research context has been designed in a quantitative manner to analyze experiment results and compare control and treatment group learners’ reading comprehension and academic achievement levels as well as to measure primary schoolchildren’s level of autonomy before and after the treatment. The subjects’ autonomy level, curiosity and interest in reading through digital applications before and after the experiment have been evaluated through pre and post-experimental questionnaires. Learning processes of two experimental and two control groups were compared to create four research contexts for the study. Discrepancy between inquiry-based teaching through a digital library and a traditional way of teaching reading has been emphasized in the study results. The obtained data has been analyzed using SPSS to compare the academic performance results. The study revealed that inquiry-based English language teaching through digital applications highly enhanced the primary learners’ academic performance in reading and increased their motivation level to study independently.
The Successful Synchronized Orchestration of an Investigator-Initiated Multicenter Trial Using a Clinical Trial Management System and Team Approach: Design and Utility Study
Authors: Mudaranthakam Dinesh Pal , Brown Alexandra , Kerling Elizabeth , Carlson Susan E , Valentine Christina J , Gajewski Byron 
Published: November 2021

Background
As the cost of clinical trials continues to rise, novel approaches are required to ensure ethical allocation of resources. Multisite trials have been increasingly utilized in phase 1 trials for rare diseases and in phase 2 and 3 trials to meet accrual needs. The benefits of multisite trials include easier patient recruitment, expanded generalizability, and more robust statistical analyses. However, there are several problems more likely to arise in multisite trials, including accrual inequality, protocol nonadherence, data entry mistakes, and data integration difficulties.

Objective
The Biostatistics & Data Science department at the University of Kansas Medical Center developed a clinical trial management system (comprehensive research information system [CRIS]) specifically designed to streamline multisite clinical trial management.

Methods
A National Institute of Child Health and Human Development–funded phase 3 trial, the ADORE (assessment of docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] on reducing early preterm birth) trial fully utilized CRIS to provide automated accrual reports, centralize data capture, automate trial completion reports, and streamline data harmonization.

Results
Using the ADORE trial as an example, we describe the utility of CRIS in database design, regulatory compliance, training standardization, study management, and automated reporting. Our goal is to continue to build a CRIS through use in subsequent multisite trials. Reports generated to suit the needs of future studies will be available as templates.

Conclusions
The implementation of similar tools and systems could provide significant cost-saving and operational benefit to multisite trials.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02626299; https://tinyurl.com/j6erphcj