bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Prognostic Model for 1-year Survival of Fragile Hip Fracture in Chinese
Authors: FU Hairui , Liang Bin , Qin Wei , Qiao Xiaoxiong , Liu Qiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: No prognostic model for survival of fragile hip fracture has been developed for Asians. The goal of this study is to develop a simple and practical prognosis model to predict the survival within 1 year after fragile hip fracture of Asians.Methods: A single Center and retrospective cohort study was designed. Under a multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Model, we used the preoperative characteristics of patients to predict survival within 1 year after hip fracture. We built a full model, then used the “least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)” method to further shrink the model coefficients and achieved variable screening. Finally, we got a LASSO model. The model performance was evaluated with the Nagelkerke’s R2 and the concordance (c) statistic. We assessed internal validity with a bootstrapping procedure of 1 000 repetitions.RESULTS: 735 eligible patients were admitted to our department for hip fracture from January 2015 to December 2020. 11(1.5%) patients lost follow-up. Among the rest, 68(9.3%) died within 1 year after hip fracture. We finally identified 12 candidate predictors from preoperative characteristics of patients. The last model contains 9 predictors; that are surgery, age, albumin, sex, serum creatinine, malignancy, hypertension, the ability of living independence, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Among them, surgery, age and albumin are the effective predictors of survival. The discrimination c statistic of the model is 0.814 (95% confidence interval 0.762-0.865); the corrected value through internal validation is 0.795. CONCLUSIONS: This prognostic model can provide a 1-year survival rate for patients with fragile hip fractures. This information can help clinicians develop a reasonable and personalized treatment plan.
Screening and Identification of Potential Biomarkers Associated with Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Su Wenxing , Huang Biao , Zhang Qingyi , Han Wei , An Lu , Guan Yi , ji jiang , Yu Daojiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the leading cause of death in patients with non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC). However, unclear pathogenesis of cSCC limits the application of molecular targeted therapy. We downloaded three microarray data (GSE2503, GSE45164 and GSE66359) from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and screened out their common difference genes between tumor and non-tumor tissues. Functional enrichment analysis was performed using DAVID. The STRING online website was used to construct a protein-protein interaction network (PPI), and then Cytoscape performed module analysis and degree calculation.A total of 146 DEGs was identified with significant differences, including 113 up-regulated genes and 33 down-regulated genes. The enriched functions and pathways of the DEGs include microtubule-based movement, ATP binding, cell cycle, p53 signaling pathway, oocyte meiosis and PLK1 signaling events. Nine hub genes were identified, namely CDK1, AURKA, RRM2, CENPE, CCNB1, KIAA0101, ZWINT, TOP2A, ASPM. The differential expression of these genes has been verified in other data sets. By integrated bioinformatic analysis, the hub genes identified in this study elucidated the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis and progression of cSCC, and are expected to become future biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
A Methodology for Industrial Robot Calibration Based on Measurement Sub-Regions
Authors: Toquica Juan Sebastian , Motta José Maurı́cio 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes a methodology for calibration of industrial robots that uses a concept of measurement sub-regions, allowing low-cost solutions and easy implementation to meet the robot accuracy requirements in industrial applications. The solutions to increasing the accuracy of robots today have high-cost implementation, making calibration throughout the workplace in industry a difficult and unlikely task. Thus, reducing the time spent and the measured workspace volume of the robot end-effector are the main benefits of the implementation of the sub-region concept, ensuring sufficient flexibility in the measurement step of robot calibration procedures. The main contribution of this article is the proposal and discussion of a methodology to calibrate robots using several small measurement sub-regions and gathering the measurement data in a way equivalent to the measurements made in large volume regions, making feasible the use of high-precision measurement systems but limited to small volumes, such as vision-based measurement systems. The robot calibration procedures were simulated according to the literature, such that results from simulation are free from errors due to experimental setups as to isolate the benefits of the measurement proposal methodology. In addition, a method to validate the analytical off-line kinematic model of industrial robots is proposed using the nominal model of the robot supplier incorporated into its controller.
Pancreatic Head Sparing Surgery for Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor in Patients with Agenesis of the Dorsal Pancreas
Authors: Shyr Bor-Shiuan , Shyr Bor-Uei , Chen Shih-Chin , Shyr Yi-Ming , Wang Shin-E 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to clarify the feasibility and justification of pancreatic head sparing (PHS) enucleation for patients with agenesis of the dorsal pancreas (ADP) associated with a solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT).Methods: Data of the SPT patients with and without ADP, including clinical presentations, surgical options, and surgical and survival outcomes, were recruited for comparison.Results: A total of 31 patients with SPTs were included, 3 of whom displayed ADP and underwent PHS enucleation. Surgical complications were comparable between the groups. Overall, the 5-year and 10-year disease-free survival rates were 100% and 90%, respectively. The 20-year and 25-year overall survival rates were 100% and 66.7%, respectively. Only one patient (3.2%) developed tumor recurrence 7.3 years after pancreatectomy for an SPT with lymph node involvement, and the patient survived 24.5 years after the initial operation. No tumor recurrence occurred in any patient with ADP after PHS enucleation.Conclusion: The association between tumorigenesis and ADP suggests that every congenital ADP patient should be observed for the early detection of pancreatic neoplasia. PHS enucleation seems to be feasible and justifiable for SPT patients with ADP in terms of surgical and survival outcomes, and this approach could be recommended to avoid pancreatic insufficiency.
Anti-inflammatory Role of GM1 and Other Gangliosides on Microglia
Authors: Sipione Simonetta , Galleguillos Danny , Wang Qian , Steinberg Noam , Zaidi Asifa , Shrivastava Gaurav , Dhami Kamaldeep , Daskhan Gour C. , Schmidt Edward N. , Dworsky-Fried Zoë , Giuliani Fabrizio , Churchward Matthew , Power Christopher , Todd Kathryn , Taylor Anna , Macauley Matthew S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundGangliosides are glycosphingolipids highly enriched in the brain, with important roles in cell signaling, cell-to-cell communication, and immunomodulation. Genetic defects in the ganglioside biosynthetic pathway result in severe neurodegenerative diseases, while a partial decrease in the levels of specific gangliosides was reported in Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease. In models of both diseases and other conditions, administration of GM1 - one of the most abundant gangliosides in the brain – provides neuroprotection. Most studies have focused on the direct neuroprotective effects of gangliosides on neurons, but their role in other brain cells, in particular microglia, is not known. In this study we investigated the effects of exogenous ganglioside administration and modulation of endogenous ganglioside levels on the response of microglia to inflammatory stimuli, which often contributes to initiation or exacerbation of neurodegeneration.MethodsIn vitro studies were performed using BV2 cells, mouse, rat, and human primary microglia cultures. Modulation of microglial ganglioside levels was achieved by administration of exogenous gangliosides, or by treatment with GENZ-123346 and L-t-PDMP, an inhibitor and activator of glycolipid biosynthesis, respectively. Response of microglia to inflammatory stimuli (LPS, IL-1b, phagocytosis of latex beads) was measured by analysis of gene expression and/or secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The effects of GM1 administration on microglia activation were also assessed in vivo in C57Bl/6 mice, following intraperitoneal injection of LPS.ResultsGM1 decreased inflammatory microglia responses in vitro and in vivo, even when administered after microglia activation. These anti-inflammatory effects depended on the presence of the sialic acid residue in the GM1 glycan headgroup and the presence of a lipid tail. Other gangliosides shared similar anti-inflammatory effects in in vitro models, including GD3, GD1a, GD1b, and GT1b. Conversely, GM3 and GQ1b displayed pro-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory effects of GM1 and other gangliosides were partially reproduced by increasing endogenous ganglioside levels with L-t-PDMP, whereas inhibition of glycolipid biosynthesis exacerbated microglial activation in response to LPS stimulation.ConclusionsOur data suggest that gangliosides are important modulators of microglia inflammatory responses and reveal that administration of GM1 and other complex gangliosides exerts anti-inflammatory effects on microglia that could be exploited therapeutically.
Emergency collision avoidance control strategy based on four-wheel steering and differential braking
Authors: Li Haiqing , Li Yongfu , Zheng Taixiong , Luo Jiufei , Guo Zonghuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Path tracking control strategy of emergency collision avoidance is the research hotspot for intelligent vehicles, and active four-wheel steering and integrated chassis control such as differential braking are the development trend for the control system of intelligent vehicle. Considering both driving performance and path tracking performance, an active obstacle avoidance controller integrated with four-wheel steering (4WS), active rear steering (ARS) and differential braking control (RBC) based on adaptive model predictive theory (AMPC) is proposed. The designed active obstacle avoidance control architecture is composed of two parts, a supervisor and an MPC controller. The supervisor is responsible for selecting the appropriate control mode based on driving vehicle information and threshold of lateral and roll stability. In addition, a non-linear predict model is employed to obtain the future states of the driving vehicle. Then the AMPC is used to calculate the desired steering angle and differential braking toque when the driving stability indexes exceed the safety threshold. Finally, the proposed collision avoidance path tracking control strategy was simulated under emergency conditions via Carsim-Simulink co-simulation. The results show that the controller based on AMPC can be used to tracking the path of obstacle avoidance and has good performance in driving stability under emergencies.
Caller ID for Risso's and Pacific White-Sided Dolphins
Authors: Al-Badrawi Mahdi , Liang Yue , Seger Kerri D. , Foster Christopher M. , Kirsch Nicholas J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Climate change affects the distributions of marine mammals1, and some temperate water species are spreading northward into the Arctic Ocean2, 3. Tracking expanding species is crucial to conservation efforts and using automatic detectors and classifiers to track the locations of their vocalizations could help. Risso’s (Gg) and Pacific white-sided (Lo) dolphins were documented spreading poleward2 and make very similar sounds, making it difficult for both human analysts and classification algorithms to tell them apart. Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) has provided both an easier visualization tool4 for human analysts and offers promising capabilities in separating call types of similar spectral and temporal properties. Here we show a new visualization tool and feature extraction technique using VMD that achieves 81.3% accuracy, even when using audio files with faint signals and high background noise levels and without context clues. Because not all dolphins whistle5–7, being able to distinguish between just their pulsed signals is important for tracking them using as many files as possible from under-sampled areas of the ocean. Automating the VMD method and expanding it to other dolphin species that have very similar pulsive signals will lead to a faster understanding of ecosystem dynamics under a changing climate than can currently be achieved.
An ultrasensitive planar array p24 Gag ELISA to detect individual HIV-1 viral particles and infected cells
Authors: Bosque Alberto , Levinger Callie , Howard J Natalie , Tang Pingtao , Joshi Amit 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) persistence in the presence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has halted the development of curative strategies. Measuring HIV persistence is complex due to the low frequency of cells containing virus in vivo. Most of the commercially available assays to date measure nucleic acid. These assays have the advantage of being highly sensitive and allow for the analysis of sequence diversity, intactness of the HIV genome or evaluation of diverse RNA species. However, these assays are limited in evaluating translational competent viral reservoirs. In here, we developed an ultrasensitive p24 ELISA that uses the SimoaTM planar array technology that can detect as low as a single HIV-1 particle and a single HIV-1 infected cell. Furthermore, the assay is optimized to measure very low levels of p24 in different biological fluids without a major loss of sensitivity or reproducibility. Our results demonstrate that the ‘homebrew' planar p24 ELISA immunoassay is a broadly applicable new tool to evaluate HIV persistence in diverse biological fluids.
Municipal Wastewater Irrigation Quality and Its Impacts on Selected Soil Properties Around Harar City, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Tolossa Tasisa Temesgen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In many arid and semiarid countries, wastewater irrigation is becoming a common practice in agriculture. Commitment of government and social intervention for more effective waste management are the major constraints. The study was conducted in eastern Ethiopia to identify the impacts of municipal wastewater soil physicochemical properties and irrigation water quality. Soil samples were collected from different farm fields to determine the physical and chemical properties of soil, and heavy metal accumulation at different irrigation farms and wastewater samples were also analyzed. Manusipal wastewater taken from different study sites was categorized into three groups: control (nonirrigated), municipal wastewater irrigated farmland and municipal wastewater irrigated farmland. The results showed that bulk density was negatively decreased and moisture contents and total porosity were significantly increased. The soil EC, cadmium, lead available phosphorus, OM, and CEC levels significantly increased with increasing wastewater application. The concentrations of Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb and Cr are highwere higher in irrigated effluent than in nonirrigated effluent. Untreated and treated MWW were tested for heavy metal presence and accumulation. In the present study, soil OM increased as the content in the soil also increased as the number of irrigations increased. The most effective way to eliminate the impact of this municipal wastewater on the soil is to develop and implement an effective wastewater management plan. Limited studies have been done, and they should be encouraged to address municipal wastewater impacts on plants and farmers. The government should be focused on awareness of creation and management systems.
Integrate analysis of the prognostic values of COL4As to human gastric cancer
Authors: Zheng Xiaojia , Chen Pingping , Liu Yang , Wang Bin , Liu Qiquan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Collagen type IV (Col IV) is the main constituent of the basement membrane. Under physiological conditions, Col IV plays an important role in maintaining epithelial integrity and stabilizing epithelial function of the gastric mucosa. Under pathological conditions, Col IV can be free from the basement membrane under the influence of tumor cells and play a pro-metastatic role. Although there is a increasing number of investigations on Col IV, no studies to date have directly uncovered the prognostic role and potential regulatory role of the six isoforms of Col IV in gastric cancer. In the present experiment, we aimed to analyze the role of COL4A family genes in gastric cancer. COL4A1/2/3/4 was significantly overexpressed, while COL4A5/6 was decreased in gastric cancer tissues according to TCGA data and our immunohistochemical staining results. And COL4A1 had a positive correlation with tumor stage, while COL4A5/6 had negative correlations with tumor stage. COL4A1/2/4/5/6 can be considered as a diagnostic indicator of gastric cancer. High levels of COL4A1/2/4/5/6 expression may be predictive of a poor prognosis of gastric cancer. The percentages of genetic alterations in COL4As for stomach cancer varied from 3 to 17% based on the TCGA data (COL4A1, 10%; COL4A2, 8%; COL4A3, 3%; COL4A4, 5%; COL4A5, 17%; COL4A6, 17%). Besides, COL4As may modulate tumor progression by participating in classical cancer pathways: COL4A1/2/3/4/5/6 can activate the EMT process; COL4A2/3/4/6 can inhibit apoptosis and cell cycle; COL4A3/4/5 can activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This study implied that COL4As have diagnostic and prognostic value for gastric cancer.
SOX2 Maintains the Stemness of Retinoblastoma Stem-like Cells Through Hippo/YAP Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhao Na , Zhou Lei , Lu Qinkang , Wang Shengzhan , Sun Yanli , Ding Yi , Liu Mengyun , He Hengqian , Lang Tingyuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Cancer stem cells are responsible for tumor initiation and progression in various types of cancer, while, although the existence of retinoblastoma stem cells had been reported, the mechanisms supporting retinoblastoma stemness are poorly understood. In this study, a modified method for isolating retinoblastoma stem-like cells for mechanistic study was first established and an important mechanism underlying SOX2-drived retinoblastoma stemness was subsequently revealed.Methods: The retinoblastoma stem-like cells were isolated by single cell cloning in combination of examination of sphere-forming capacities. The stemness of isolated retinoblastoma stem-like cells were characterized by sphere-forming capacities and the expression of cancer stem cell markers. The SOX2 gene was overexpressed or knocked down by lentivirus system. The transcriptional regulation was identified by qRT-PCR, luciferase reporter, nuclear run-on and DNA pull down assay. Spearman analysis was employed for correlation analysis of genes in tumor tissues of retinoblastoma patients. Results: The isolated retinoblastoma stem-like cells exhibited significantly enhanced sphere-forming capacity and constantly higher levels of CD44, ABCG2, SOX2 and PAX6, but not CD133. SOX2 positively regulated the stemness of retinoblastoma stem-like cells as identified by gene manipulation technology. SOX2 directly binds to the promoters of WWTR1 and YAP1, transcriptionally activates WWTR1 and YAP1, and thereby activating Hippo/YAP signaling. Knockdown of WWTR1 or YAP1 partially abolished the effect of SOX2 on the stemness of retinoblastoma stem-like cells. Conclusion: An effective method for isolation of retinoblastoma stem-like cells was established. The mechanistic study demonstrated that SOX2, as a key deriver, maintains retinoblastoma stemness by activating Hippo/YAP signaling. Inhibition of Hippo/YAP signaling would be an effective strategy for human retinoblastoma caused by aberrant upregulation of SOX2.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) of Preventive COVID-19 Vaccines by Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs)
Authors: Khan Rabnawaz 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper merely presents the dynamic boost of the COVID-19 vaccines. The intensive approach is indicating how the effective COVID-19 vaccine promotes and distributes into various official channels. It enables the exclusive authority to devise a possible way to reduce the economic cost of COVID-19 vaccines and facilitate to a maximum level. The Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) method approached with Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs). The key findings are revealing the length of life improves the quality of life of the middle family. The results of QALYs show that Utility Value (UV) by health and the value of statistics in countries in the term of coexistent causation of vaccines. The Pfizer (BNT162b2) and Moderna (mRNA-1273) have instantly created favorable and significant effects probably on many patients, comparatively SARS-CoV-2, AstraZeneca (AZD1222), Russia’s Sputnik (AstraZeneca), and Sinopharm Sinovac Biotech. The opportunity cost provides a valuable benefit in the future.
Pan-cancer analysis of BLM as a prognostic and immunological marker in human tumors
Authors: hou yifu , LAN Chuan , Ren Dongme , Wang Xi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBloom syndrome helicase (BLM) is critical for DNA replication, repair, transcription, telomere maintenance and other cellular metabolic processes. Studies reported that BLM is closely related to the development of some types of tumors, however there is no pan-cancer analysis of BLM. ResultsBLM was over-expressed in almost all types of cancers and associated with overall survival and disease-free survival in multiple cancers . We found a stage-specific expression of BLM among them. A correlation of BLM expression with the estimated infiltration value of cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, immunostimulator, and immunoinhibitor was discovered in part types of cancers. Finally, we found that BLM was associated with cell cycle, p53 signaling pathway, and other mechanisms. ConclusionOur study provided a relatively comprehensive understanding of BLM as an oncogene and predictor of prognosis in various tumor types. MethodsWe analyzed data from TCGA (The cancer genome atlas), GEO (Gene expression omnibus), and GTEx databases by using bioinformatic tools, to evaluate the expression difference, prognostic value, genetic alterations, immune infiltrates, and biological functions of BLM in 33 types of cancers.
Effects of forming velocity on micro deep drawing performance with different blank thickness
Authors: Pan Di , Zhang Guangqing , Xie Haibo , Jia Fanghui , Kamali Hamidreza , Jiang Zhengyi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Micro deep drawing is a promising manufacturing method to produce the hollow, thin walled, cup or box like products at micro scale. Forming velocity can affect the products’ quality significantly due to the size effect, and this effect can be various with different thickness material. In this study, 30, 40, and 50 µm thickness stainless steels were annealed at 950 °C for 2 min under protection of argon gas ambient respectively. These different thickness steels were utilized in the micro deep drawing with different forming velocities. The experimental results show that, the profile accuracy and surface quality of the micro product are affected by changing the forming velocity with different thickness blanks. The micro cup has a less indentation area at the bottom and becomes rounder and more symmetrical with a thicker blank. Besides, the wrinkling phenomenon turns distinct with a thinner blank, and the earing becomes more significantly when increasing the drawing velocity or decreasing the blank thickness. When the drawing velocity or blank thickness increases, the surface of the micro cup becomes smooth and even. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results, which confirms the developed finite element simulation model is applicable.