bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Don't go all earnest on us”: Metamodern Satire in George Saunders's “Brad Carrigan, American”
Authors: Chesters Sam 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the overlapping periods of postmodernism and resurgent modernism, a new mode of satire has emerged—what this article calls metamodern satire—that bridges the gap between the modernist objective of correction and postmodernist subversion of metanarratives. George Saunders's short story “Brad Carrigan, American” (2006) is an exemplar of this hybrid mode, as it critiques the entrenchment of neoliberalism through the symbolic metanarrative of television. Drawing on characteristics of both sitcoms and reality television, Saunders's work subverts an economic theory that promotes the free market and hypercompetition, one in which individualism and self-interest are celebrated. Following this destabilization, the story offers a correction that encourages the proliferation of cultural empathy and a rejection of neoliberalism's valuation of people foremost as economic actors.
From Utopian Island to Global Empire: Alex Garland's The Beach
Authors: Adamik Verena 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article discusses how Alex Garland's The Beach (1996) engages with conceptions of utopian islands, nation, and colonialism in modernity and how it, from this basis, develops a different spatiality that reflects on a more deterritorialized form of imperial domination within late twentieth-century globalization, as exercised by the United States. The novel is shown to subvert, but not to abolish, two spatial formations that originated in early modernity: nation and utopia. Building on Jean Baudrillard's elaborations regarding simulation and simulacra, the article argues that The Beach creates a hyperreal narrative that does away with the idea of isolated, bounded spaces and that in form and content corresponds with the worldwide dominance of the United States at the end of the twentieth century.
Utopia, Religion, and Transcendence in Turkish Literature: Ruşeni Barkın, Molla Davudzade, and İsmail Gaspıralı
Authors: Nebioğlu Rahime Çokay 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article aims to draw a theoretical framework to discuss the role of religion in utopia's appeal to transcendence in Turkish literature. This aim entails interrogating the intricate relation between utopia and religion in order to demonstrate how religious discourse functions as a transcendent organizing principle in Turkish utopian vision. The employment of religious discourse in utopia often generates problematic moments in which utopia attains a transcendent position and comes closest to its sibling term, dystopia. This article seeks to identify and describe this position of transcendence in Turkish utopia by resorting to Deleuzian distinction between the two types of utopia: “utopia of transcendence,” oriented toward authoritarianism, and “utopia of immanence,” oriented toward revolution. In so doing, it will engage with three early works from the Second Constitutional Period, Ruşeni Barkın's Müslümanların Gaye-i Hayâliyesi (1914), İsmail Gaspıralı's Darürrahat Müslümanları (1906), and Molla Davudzade's Rüyada Terakki ve Medeniyet-i İslamiyeyi Rü‘yet (1913).
Emerging from Smoke and Mirrors
Authors: Fu Tan Lo 
Published: March 2021

Digital Health promises to transform healthcare in this decade. We have gone from “low tech” telephones, fax machines, dictation lines, desk-top electronic medical records, and data storage centers to video visits, texting, emails, smart phones and other mobile devices, and to higher forms including artificial intelligence, cloud data storage, and blockchain. However, letting go of legacy applications and then implementing the best available technology for clinical use has been challenging. This chapter will review the factors that contribute to the difficulty of moving from old to new tools. Specific examples will be video, electronic medical records and remote patient monitoring. The process of evaluating a new technological application will be described and a standardized framework proposed. We will finish with a discussion around local and scaled steps that can facilitate, support and sustain a patient-centered application of the best technology in healthcare. A call to action for the reader will be presented.
Nanostructured Materials for the Development of Superhydrophobic Coatings
Authors: Kadarkaraithangam Jeyasubramanian , Suyambulingam Gokul Raja Thangaiyanadar , Parani Bramma Nayagi Silambuselvan , Krishnamoorthy Karthikeyan 
Published: March 2021

This chapter describes the results of developing superhydrophobic coatings using porous ZnO nanostructures impregnated metal stearates and their applications. The porous ZnO nanostructures with a surface area of 9.7 m2/g and pores in the range from 200 to 400 nm have been prepared via precipitation cum calcination route. The superhydrophobic coatings comprising ZnO/metal stearate film have been deposited using a spray coating method. The developed superhydrophobic films possess a water contact angle of 161° that can be explained using the Cassie-Baxter model. The prepared films exhibited excellent floating properties and high load-bearing characteristics over a prolonged time. Additionally, the self-cleaning properties of the developed superhydrophobic films towards dust removal and self-cleaning urinary coatings are also demonstrated. This chapter collectively presented the novel applications of superhydrophobic coating in the development of biomedical coatings and applications in water surveillance and underwater robotics.
Assessment of the State of Forest Plant Communities of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the Conditions of Urban Ecosystems
Authors: Runova Elena , Savchenkova Vera , Demina-Moskovskaya Ekaterina , Baranenkova Anastasia 
Published: March 2021

Siberian cities are characterized by one feature: many of them have preserved natural woodlands during construction, which on the one hand give a completely unusual, unique appearance to cities, on the other hand, trees suffer from recreational load, high levels of pollution and other anthropogenic factors. To assess the condition of pine stands, 3 test areas (0.5 ha, 0.1 ha and 1.9 ha) were laid. All considered plantings of natural origin are areas of woodland that were preserved during the construction of the city and are subject to recreational and industrial pollution. The test sites belong to areas with a high anthropogenic load, as they are located along highways and in close proximity to residential and public buildings and are part of parks with a high recreational load. The average age of trees is 70–80 years. The sanitary condition of the massif and its landscape characteristics are also determined. The critical condition of the massif is established, requiring sanitary logging and other forestry measures that could reduce recreational and anthropogenic loads.
Aufforderungshandlung Rat-Geben im deutsch-slowakischen Vergleich.
Authors: Kášova Martina 
Published: March 2021

Der vorliegende Artikel beschäftigt sich mit direktiven Sprechhandlungen, v. a. mit Ratschlägen. Die Materialbasis stammt dabei aus deutschen und slowakischen Talkshows, wobei eine komparative Herangehensweise gewählt wurde. Wir haben typische Sprachmittel wie z. B. Konditionalformen oder Konjunktive im Material ermittelt und genauer geprüft, in welchen Umgebungen diese Sprachmittel vorkommen. Im Resümee zum Artikel werden die festgestellten Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten zusammengefasst.
E. T. A. Hoffmanns Serpentina und der zeitgenössische exegetische Diskurs zu Genesis 3.
Authors: Balcarová Markéta 
Published: March 2021

Bezüglich E. T. A. Hoffmanns Der Goldne Topf wird in der Forschung die durch die Hochzeit des Studenten Anselmus und der „Schlangenfrau“ Serpentina dargestellte poetische Initiation immer wieder zu Recht als höchst problematisch entlarvt. Der anzustrebende dichterische Zustand wird im Text selbst auf vielerlei Weise in seiner hochzuschätzenden Ausnahmestellung relativiert. Die Ambivalenz der poetischen Existenz wird in diesem Beitrag an dem Doppelcharakter der Hauptfigur Serpentina aufgezeigt, in der sich die Thematisierungen zweier unterschiedlicher Deutungen der biblischen Paradiesschlange bzw. der biblischen Geschichte Gen. 3 kreuzen.
Continuing Undergraduate Pathology Medical Education in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Global Pandemic: The Johns Hopkins Virtual Surgical Pathology Clinical Elective
Authors: White Marissa J. , Birkness Jacqueline E. , Salimian Kevan J. , Meiss Alice E. , Butcher Monica , Davis Katelynn , Ware Alisha D. , Zarella Mark D. , Lecksell Kristen , Rooper Lisa M. , Cimino-Mathews Ashley , VandenBussche Christopher J. , Halushka Marc K. , Thompson Elizabeth D. 
Published: March 2021

Context.—
In the early months of the response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM) (Baltimore, Maryland) leadership reached out to faculty to develop and implement virtual clinical clerkships after all in-person medical student clinical experiences were suspended.

Objective.—
To develop and implement a digital slide–based virtual surgical pathology (VSP) clinical elective to meet the demand for meaningful and robust virtual clinical electives in response to the temporary suspension of in-person clinical rotations at JHUSOM.

Design.—
The VSP elective was modeled after the in-person surgical pathology elective to include virtual previewing and sign-out with standardized cases supplemented by synchronous and asynchronous pathology educational content.

Results.—
Validation of existing Web communications technology and slide-scanning systems was performed by feasibility testing. Curriculum development included drafting of course objectives and syllabus, Blackboard course site design, electronic-lecture creation, communications with JHUSOM leadership, scheduling, and slide curation. Subjectively, the weekly schedule averaged 35 to 40 hours of asynchronous, synchronous, and independent content, approximately 10 to 11 hours of which were synchronous. As of February 2021, VSP has hosted 35 JHUSOM and 8 non-JHUSOM students, who have provided positive subjective and objective course feedback.

Conclusions.—
The Johns Hopkins VSP elective provided meaningful clinical experience to 43 students in a time of immense online education need. Added benefits of implementing VSP included increased medical student exposure to pathology as a medical specialty and demonstration of how digital slides have the potential to improve standardization of the pathology clerkship curriculum.
Architecture in the Scandinavian Countries
Authors: Donnelly Marian C. 
Published: March 2021

The most complete survey of Nordic architecture available today.
From Viking structures to Renaissance housing projects, Medieval stave churches to modern crematoriums, Architecture in the Scandinavian Countries presents the most complete survey of Nordic architecture available today. Its more than 400 illustrations provide a visual introduction to nearly 10,000 years of building in the region, with examples of ecclesiastical, domestic, and civic buildings showing how Scandinavian architects used their own resources and traditions, as well as adapting the styles of medieval, Renaissance, baroque, and modern Europe to generate ideas that were to have major international consequences.
More than three decades after Thomas Paulsson published his pioneering book Scandinavian Architecture, the first serious attempt to present a unified history of Nordic building, Marian Donnelly has written an even more comprehensive work. Donnelly's account begins with the earliest known remains of dwellings dating to around 7500 B.C. and closes with the commercial buildings of the 1970s. In between, she covers every important figure, movement, and style in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Iceland, and the Faroes. Included are both canonical and unknown structures, obscure and celebrated architects. There is an extensive bibliography and a guide to biographical references for the architects.
Median nerve travel and deformation in the transverse carpal tunnel increases with chuck grip force and deviated wrist position
Authors: Turcotte Kaylyn E. , Kociolek Aaron M. 
Published: March 2021

Background
We assessed median nerve travel and deformation concurrently to better understand the influence of occupational risk factors on carpal tunnel dynamics, including forceful chuck gripping and deviated wrist positions.

Methods
Fourteen healthy right-hand dominant participants performed a chuck grip in 6 experimental conditions: two relative force levels (10% and 40% of maximum voluntary effort); three wrist positions (15° radial deviation, 0° neutral, 30° ulnar deviation). Chuck grip forces were measured with a load cell while the transverse cross-section of the carpal tunnel was imaged via ultrasound at the distal wrist crease. Images of the median nerve were analyzed in ImageJ to assess cross-sectional area, circularity, width, and height as well as travel in the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral axes.

Results
We found a main effect of deviated wrist position on both anterior-posterior and medial-lateral travel, with the greatest nerve travel occurring in 30° ulnar deviation. There was also a significant interaction between chuck grip force and deviated wrist position on cross-sectional area. Specifically, the area decreased with 40% vs. 10% chuck grip force when the wrist was in 30° ulnar deviation; however, there were no changes in 0° neutral and 15° radial deviation.

Discussion
Overall, we demonstrated that forceful chuck gripping in deviated wrist positions influenced carpal tunnel dynamics, resulting in both migratory and morphological changes to the median nerve. These changes may, in turn, increase local strain and stress with adjacent structures in the carpal tunnel. Future studies mapping contact stress between structures may further elucidate injury development of work-related carpal tunnel syndrome.
Water Treatment for Hemodialysis in Benghazi Medical Center (BMC)
Authors: Alfarisi Asmaa A. , Gawili Hadir , AlFerjany Areej O. , AlTalhi Soha B. , Gandrah Aisha A. , Bushaala Nora M. 
Published: March 2021

Background: A single 4-hour dialysis treatment can require up to 400 liters of water per week for dialysis patients compare that with healthy person who drinks less than 15 liters of water per week. Therefore, it is clearly important to know and monitor the chemical and microbiological purity of the dialysis water.
Aims: Determine the physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics of water used by hemodialysis services Isolate and identify fungi present in water systems of hemodialysis units in Benghazi Medical center (BMC) in Benghazi, Libya.
Methods: Analysis study carried out in hemodialysis unit in BMC collected samples from each places (A & B) sections.
Results: Six samples that target to chemical analysis and 32 samples for microbiological test, Chemical parameters of study area A and B for drinking and dialysis water were within international standards, but there was a minute of Calcium elevation in area B that was 3.3mg/l. No contamination with bacteria observed in all samples in section (A), the counts of yeasts and filamentous fungi investigated in the tap water, in the treated water, and dialysis machine in section B and Penicillium spp was the most frequent fungi.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the tap and dialysis water success to meet the all-chemical and microbiological requirements in (A) area inside hospital of Benghazi center. In generally to prevent the risk of contaminants for hemodialysis patients need to a high water quality management program and development of water treatment system in hemodialysis centers.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Ziehl-Neelsen Smear Microscopy in Comparison with GeneXpert in Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Multi-Center Study in Kandahar Province, Afghanistan
Authors: Ahmad Mujeeb , Stanikzai Muhammad Haroon , Rahimy Najeeb , Wasiq Abdul Wahed , Sayam Hadia 
Published: March 2021

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health problem. The early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for disease management and to control disease transmission and the emergence of drug resistance TB.
Objectives: This study was carried out to determine the diagnostic accuracy of Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) smear microscopy in comparison with GeneXpert MTB/RIF in pulmonary tuberculosis in Kandahar province, Afghanistan.
Methods: This was a facility-based cross-sectional study. We scrutinized TB registers of three health facilities to include patients who had their sputum tested by both ZN smear microscopy and GeneXpert MTB/RIF. We extracted 734 patients’ data registered during January 2019 - June 2020 in a structured form. Kappa value was analyzed using SPSS version 19 software at 95% Confidence Interval (CI). We calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) of ZN smear microscopy against GeneXpert MTB/RIF.
Results: In comparison with GeneXpert as a reference test, ZN smear microscopy has 67.7% (95% CI:63.44%-70.74%) sensitivity and 100% (95% CI:98.74%-100.00%) specificity. The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 100% and 99.89% (95% CI:99.88%-99.90%), respectively. The agreement between ZN smear microscopy and GeneXpert MTB/RIF results was moderate (70.4%) and the Kappa value was 0.45 (95% CI:0.38-0.59).
Conclusion: This study has found high specificity but moderate sensitivity for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB using sputum ZN smear microscopy test. Hence, GeneXpert MTB/RIF test is more accurate and reliable for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB.
Effect of Clonal Variation on Oil Content and Oil Properties of Calophyllum inophyllum L: A Multi Purpose Tree
Authors: Anandalakshmi R. , Sivakumar V. , Vijayaraghavan A. , Kumar K. Suresh , Rajesh C. , Geetha S. 
Published: March 2021

Calophyllum inophyllum is a potential source of non-edible seed oil. Calophyllum oil is used as a biofuel and also for medicinal purposes. At the Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Coimbatore carried out a study in 2019, on five different clones of C. inophyllum to investigate the effect of clonal variabilty on oil yield and oil physico-chemical properties for use as a biofuel. Oil yield significantly varied among the five clones and ranged from 48.6% to 55.8%. Among the physical properties, except Kinematic Viscosity, Specific Gravity and Refractive Index, the properties such as Flash point, Fire point, Pour point and Cloud point did not vary significantly. However, all the chemical properties studied, such as Acid value, Saponification value, Iodine value and Peroxide value showed apparent variation. From the study it could be derived that clone 15 is more suitable as tree crop for biofuel purpose and the variations among the clones indicate prevalence of scope for tree improvement of C. inophyllum for specific use.
A Review of Flow-Capacitated Networks: Algorithms, Techniques and Applications
Authors: Alsalami Omar Mutab , Rushdi Ali Muhammad Ali 
Published: March 2021

This paper presents a review of flow network concepts, including definition of some graph-theoretic basics and a discussion of network flow properties. It also provides an overview of some crucial algorithms used to solve the maximum-flow problem such as the Ford and Fulkerson algorithm (FFA), supplemented with alternative solutions, together with the essential terminology for this algorithm. Moreover, this paper explains the max-flow min-cut theorem in detail, analyzes the concepts behind it, and provides some examples and their solutions to demonstrate this theorem. As a bonus, it expounds the reduction and transformation techniques used in a capacitated network. In addition, this paper reviews one of the popular techniques for analyzing capacitated networks, which is the “decomposition technique”. This technique is centered on conditioning a complicated network on the possible states of a keystone element or on the possible combinations of states of many keystone elements. Some applications of capacitated network problems are addressed based on each type of problem being discussed.
Effect of Flaxseed Oil Inclusion and Extrusion Cooking Parameters on Extruded Snack-food Physical and Functional Properties
Authors: Ganorkar Pravin M. , Desai Preyash K. , Ranveer Rahul C. , Nandane Anil S. 
Published: March 2021

Aims: Attempts were made to study flaxseed oil incorporated extruded snack by adopting response surface methodology (RSM) approach.
Study Design: Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD).
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Food Processing Technology, A.D. Patel Institute of Technology, Po Box 52, New Vallabh Vidya Nagar, Anand.
Methodology: Feed moisture (12 -16%, wb), flaxseed oil (3-7%), extruder barrel temperature (115-145⁰C and screw speed (345 – 375 rpm) were selected as independent variable at three levels. The Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) was employed to study linear, interactive and quadratic effect of selected independent variables on measured responses (expansion ratio ER, breaking strength BS, overall acceptability score OAA, starch-lipid complexing index CI).
Results: The physical properties of extrudate (ER at 0.05 and BS at 0.10 level) and functional properties (OAA at 0.05 and CI at 0.01 level) were significantly influenced by flaxseed oil inclusion level. The quadratic effect of feed moisture and barrel temperature were found to be significant on each response (p<0.01). After numerical optimization, flaxseed oil of 6%, feed moisture content of 14.5% (wb), barrel temperature of 1300C and screw speed of 355 rpm were optimized.
Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Emotion Regulation Changes in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder in Delta Region of Egypt
Authors: Fnoon Noha F. M. , Eissa Mai A. , Ramadan Ehab E. , El-Sawy Hossam E. , El-Karim Ahmed M. A. Abd 
Published: March 2021

Background: Researchers have proved the role of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) in improving emotion regulation skills in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Further researches for its effect in different cultures was needed. The current study aimed to examine the effectiveness of DBT relative to treatment as usual “TAU” in improving emotional regulation in BPD patients of the delta region of Egypt.
Subjects and Methods: We conducted a prospective, comparative, non-randomized study. Eligible patients were assigned at their convenience or according to the immediate availability of treatment slots to a comprehensive DBT program integrating DBT skills into skills training schedule or treatment as usual (TAU). Patients were assessed at baseline, and follow up assessment at 4, 8, 12, and 16 months was done using the Arabic version of, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS),
Results: DBT patients showed better and lower scores of emotion regulation and distress tolerance scales in comparison to TAU. Overall, these positive outcomes were maintained in follow-up for four months post-treatment year.
Conclusions: We provide the superior efficacy of DBT in improving emotion regulation in delta region's patients with BPD in comparison to TAU.