bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor on prevention of stent thrombosis in patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention: A network meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Wenwen , Zhang Chen , Zhao Jian , Xu Xiuxiu , Dang Heqin , Xiao Qiang , Li Yuanmin , Hou Haifeng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundClopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor, acting on platelet P2Y12 receptor, are commonly used for prevention of stent thrombosis (ST) among patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study aimed to compare the effects of these drugs by a systematic review and network meta‐analysis.HypothesisEfficacies of clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor on preventing ST are not the same.MethodsPubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effect of clopidogrel, prasugrel, or ticagrelor on prevention of ST in patients who underwent PCI. The efficacies between groups were compared by a Bayesian network meta‐analysis, by which the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated.ResultsFourteen studies and 46 983 participants were included in this study. The pooled results illustrated that clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor were effective on prevention of ST. Patients treated with prasugrel (OR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.052 ~ 0.73, P < 0.05) and ticagrelor (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.035 ~ 0.65, P < 0.05) had lower incidence of ST compared to those treated with clopidogrel. Patients treated with ticagrelor showed similar frequency with those in prasugrel group (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.22 ~ 2.3, P > 0.05). No significant heterogeneity was observed across included studies.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that prasugrel and ticagrelor are more effective than clopidogrel on prevention of ST among patients underwent PCI. Simultaneously, there is no significant difference in the prevention of ST between prasugrel and ticagrelor.
A low‐power native NMOS‐based bandgap reference operating from −55°C to 125°C with Li‐Ion battery compatibility
Authors: Caselli Michele , van Liempd Chris , Boni Andrea , Stanzione Stefano 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThe paper describes the implementation of a bandgap reference based on native‐MOSFET transistors for low‐power sensor node applications. The circuit can operate from −55°C to 125°C and with a supply voltage ranging from 1.5 to 4.2 V. Therefore, it is compatible with the temperature range of automotive and military‐aerospace applications, and for direct Li‐Ion battery attach. Moreover, the circuit can operate without any dedicated start‐up circuit, thanks to its inherent single operating point. A mathematical model of the reference circuit is presented, allowing simple portability across technology nodes, with current consumption and silicon area as design parameters. Implemented in a 55‐nm CMOS technology, the voltage reference achieves a measured average (maximum) temperature coefficient of 28 ppm/°C (43 ppm/°C) and a measured sample‐to‐sample variation within 57 mV, with a current consumption of 420 nA at 27°C.
Single cell capture, isolation, and long‐term in‐situ imaging using quantitative self‐interference spectroscopy
Authors: Fu Rongxin , Su Ya , Wang Ruliang , Lin Xue , Jin Xiangyu , Yang Han , Du Wenli , Shan Xiaohui , Lv Wenqi , Huang Guoliang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSingle cell research with microfluidic chip is of vital importance in biomedical studies and clinical medicine. Simultaneous microfluidic cell manipulations and long‐term cell monitoring needs further investigations due to the lack of label‐free quantitative imaging techniques and systems. In this work, single cell capture, isolation and long‐term in‐situ monitoring was realized with a microfluidic cell chip, compact cell incubator and quantitative self‐interference spectroscopy. The proposed imaging method could obtain quantitative and dynamic refractive index distribution in living cells. And the designed microfluidic chip could capture and isolate single cells. The customized incubator could support cell growth conditions when single cell was captured in microfluidic chip. According to the results, single cells could be trapped, transferred and pushed into the culture chamber with the microfluidic chip. The incubator could culture single cells in the chip for 120 h. The refractive index sensitivity of the proposed quantitative imaging method was 0.0282 and the relative error was merely 0.04%.
How citizen science could improve species distribution models and their independent assessment
Authors: Matutini Florence , Baudry Jacques , Pain Guillaume , Sineau Morgane , Pithon Joséphine 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Species distribution models (SDM) have been increasingly developed in recent years, but their validity is questioned. Their assessment can be improved by the use of independent data, but this can be difficult to obtain and prohibitive to collect. Standardized data from citizen science may be used to establish external evaluation datasets and to improve SDM validation and applicability.

We used opportunistic presence‐only data along with presence–absence data from a standardized citizen science program to establish and assess habitat suitability maps for 9 species of amphibian in western France. We assessed Generalized Additive and Random Forest Models’ performance by (1) cross‐validation using 30% of the opportunistic dataset used to calibrate the model or (2) external validation using different independent datasets derived from citizen science monitoring. We tested the effects of applying different combinations of filters to the citizen data and of complementing it with additional standardized fieldwork.

Cross‐validation with an internal evaluation dataset resulted in higher AUC (Area Under the receiver operating Curve) than external evaluation causing overestimation of model accuracy and did not select the same models; models integrating sampling effort performed better with external validation. AUC, specificity, and sensitivity of models calculated with different filtered external datasets differed for some species. However, for most species, complementary fieldwork was not necessary to obtain coherent results, as long as the citizen science data were strongly filtered.

Since external validation methods using independent data are considered more robust, filtering data from citizen sciences may make a valuable contribution to the assessment of SDM. Limited complementary fieldwork with volunteer's participation to complete ecological gradients may also possibly enhance citizen involvement and lead to better use of SDM in decision processes for nature conservation.
Microstructural characteristics of the stony coral genus Acropora useful to coral reef paleoecology and modern conservation
Authors: Zhao Meixia , Zhang Haiyang , Zhong Yu , Xu Xiaofeng , Yan Hongqiang , Li Gang , Yan Wen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIdentification of fossil corals is often limited due to poor preservation of external skeleton morphology, especially in the genus Acropora which is widespread across the Indo‐Pacific. Based on skeleton characteristics from thin section, we here develop a link between the internal skeleton structure and external morphology. Ten characteristics were summarized to distinguish Acropora and five related genera, including the type and differentiation of corallites, the skeleton nature of corallites (septa, columellae, dissepiments, wall), and calcification centers within septa. Acropora is distinctive for its dimorphic corallites: axial and radial. Isopora is similar to Acropora but possess more than a single axial corallites. Montipora and Astreopora (family Acroporidae) have monomorphic corallites and a synapticular ring wall, with clustered calcification center in the former and medial lines in the latter. Pocillopora and Porties are classified by distinctive dissepiments, columellae and septa. These microstructural skeleton characteristics were effective in the genus identification of fossil corals from drilled cores in the South China Sea. Eighteen detailed characteristics (ten of axial corallites, four of radial corallites, and four of coenosteum) were used in the Acropora species classification. The axial corallites size and structure (including corallite diameter, synapticular rings, and septa), the septa of radial corallites, and the arrangement of coenosteum were critical indicators for species identification. This identification guide can help paleoenvironmental and paleoecological analyses and modern coral reef conservation and restoration.
Lower levels of physical activity are associated with pain progression in older adults, a longitudinal study
Authors: O’Neill Aoife , O’Sullivan Kieran , McCreesh Karen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhile pain is common in older adults, the association with physical activity remains unclear. Currently, the role physical activity plays in impacting pain developing over time is not well defined.MethodsLatent transition analysis (LTA) is a model‐based approach to identifying underlying subgroups in a population, longitudinally, based on measured characteristics. In this study, LTA was used to explore the associations between physical activity levels and pain classes of adults aged over 50 years, from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (n = 8,175) across three waves of data collection (4 years).ResultsUsing three previously established pain classes (No Pain; Low–Moderate Impact Pain; High Impact Pain), 66% of older adults were classified as having ‘No Pain’ across the three waves. At Wave 1, individuals reporting low (OR = 4.00, 95% CI [3.21, 5.17]) or moderate (OR = 1.59, 95% CI [1.27, 1.99]) levels of physical activity are more likely to be in the High Impact Pain class, than the No Pain class. Longitudinally, individuals in the No Pain class with low or moderate physical activity were more likely to transition to the High Impact Pain class compared to those with higher physical activity scores (from Wave 1 to Wave 2, OR = 1.90, 95% CI [1.15, 3.37]; and from Wave 2 to Wave 3, OR = 2.27, 95% CI [1.40, 4.74]).ConclusionOlder adults who do not meet minimum physical activity guidelines for moderate intensity exercise are at increased risk of higher impact pain when followed over 4 years.SignificanceOlder adults who do not meet minimum physical activity guidelines are at increased risk of transitioning to higher impact pain classes when followed over 4 years.
Teaching Antiracist Citational Politics as a Project of Transformation: Lessons from the Cite Black Women Movement for White Feminist Anthropologists
Authors: Craven Christa 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Cite Black Women movement has opened important possibilities for community building around citational politics and praxis. For white feminist anthropologists, reckoning with how whiteness has shaped the canon within feminist anthropology is particularly important. While this necessitates broader challenges to the racist and colonial legacies within anthropology, it is essential to interrogate how whiteness continues to be privileged in the ways feminist anthropology is charted and conveyed to new generations of students. This article centers on the lessons white feminist anthropologists can learn from the Cite Black Women movement for our teaching. I argue that we must commit to building pedagogical communities of antiracist citational politics and praxis—within which we can seek guidance, inspiration, and support for this work, but that also serve as an important site for mutual accountability. Not only does this bolster our individual efforts, but it forces us to move beyond wielding inclusive citation practices as a personal accomplishment deserving of special acknowledgment or accolades.
Comparative investigation of volatile components and bioactive compounds in beers by multivariate analysis
Authors: Ji Xiaoyue 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe volatile components of nine commercial beers were characterized by headspace‐solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) coupled with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Multivariate analysis was conducted to evaluate the similarities and differences between the volatile components and bioactive compounds present in the target beer samples. Thirty‐eight volatile compounds were identified, and their chemical categories were determined. Alcohols and esters were determined to be the predominant volatile components in samples. The differences and classifications of the beer samples were analysed through principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The analysis of the volatile compounds in beer samples revealed that the type and content of the volatiles can influence beer quality and taste. The combination of SPME‐GC‐MS and multivariate statistical analysis proves to be an effective approach for differentiating beer types and for allowing the quality control of beer.
Determination of volatile organic compounds by HS‐GC‐IMS to detect different stages of Aspergillus flavus infection in Xiang Ling walnut
Authors: Wang Shan , Mo Haizhen , Xu Dan , Hu Huiling , Hu Liangbin , Shuai Liang , Li Hongbo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for evolution monitoring and early detection of Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) contamination in walnuts. We successfully applied headspace–gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (HS‐GC‐IMS) to evaluate walnut VOC changes caused by A. flavus contamination. A total of 48 VOCs were identified in walnuts contaminated with A. flavus. After identification of VOCs, a heat map and principal component analysis (PCA) highlighted ethyl acetate‐D, 3‐methyl‐2‐butanol, and cyclohexanone as potential biomarkers specific to A. flavus contamination in walnuts. These results provided valid targets for the development of sensors to evaluate the early mold contamination in stored walnuts.
Visual, hearing, and dual sensory impairment are associated with higher depression and anxiety in women
Authors: Pardhan Shahina , López Sánchez Guillermo F. , Bourne Rupert , Davis Adrian , Leveziel Nicolas , Koyanagi Ai , Smith Lee 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated cross‐sectional gender‐specific associations with vision, hearing, and both (dual) impairment with depression and chronic anxiety using a large representative sample of Spanish adults.MethodsThe present study utilized data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017. A total of 23,089 adults (15–103 years, 45.9% men) participated in this survey. Participants self‐reported whether they had suffered depression and/or anxiety, and also whether they experience vision, hearing and both vision/hearing (dual) impairment. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the associations between the three types of sensory impairment and anxiety or depression, in men and women.ResultsAcross the whole sample (n = 23,089) the prevalence of depression and anxiety was between 2.00 and 2.56 times higher in women compared to men. Dual sensory impairment (hearing and vision) was associated with higher levels of depression (odds ratio [OR] = 2.980, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.170–4.091) and anxiety (OR = 2.636, 95% CI: 1.902–3.653) compared to single sensory impairment. Stratified associations by gender showed higher odd ratios for women with dual sensory loss (3.488 for depression and 3.478 for anxiety) compared to men (2.773 for depression and 1.803 for anxiety).ConclusionsDual sensory impairment (hearing and seeing) is are associated with increased depression and anxiety. Women with dual sensory impairment showed stronger associations compared to men among adults in Spain. Interventions are needed to address vision and/or hearing impairment in order to reduce anxiety and depression especially in women.
Gray matter structures associated with neuroticism: A meta‐analysis of whole‐brain voxel‐based morphometry studies
Authors: Liu Xiqin , Lai Han , Li Jingguang , Becker Benjamin , Zhao Yajun , Cheng Bochao , Wang Song 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNeuroticism is major higher‐order personality trait and has been robustly associated with mental and physical health outcomes. Although a growing body of studies have identified neurostructural markers of neuroticism, the results remained highly inconsistent. To characterize robust associations between neuroticism and variations in gray matter (GM) structures, the present meta‐analysis investigated the concurrence across voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) studies using the anisotropic effect size signed differential mapping (AES‐SDM). A total of 13 studies comprising 2,278 healthy subjects (1,275 females, 29.20 ± 14.17 years old) were included. Our analysis revealed that neuroticism was consistently associated with the GM structure of a cluster spanning the bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and extending to the adjacent medial prefrontal cortex (dACC/mPFC). Meta‐regression analyses indicated that the neuroticism‐GM associations were not confounded by age and gender. Overall, our study is the first whole‐brain meta‐analysis exploring the brain structural correlates of neuroticism, and the findings may have implications for the intervention of high‐neuroticism individuals, who are at risk of mental disorders, by targeting the dACC/mPFC.
Diagnostic use of fine‐needle aspiration cytology and core‐needle biopsy in head and neck sarcomas
Authors: Sheppard Sean C. , Borner Urs , Wartenberg Martin , Giger Roland , Nisa Lluís 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe diagnostic role of fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and core‐needle biopsy (CNB) has not been comprehensively assessed in head and neck sarcomas. A systematic review of published cases (1990–2020) was conducted. Diagnostic performance of both FNAC/CNB to determine tumor dignity and histopathological diagnosis was calculated. One hundred and sixty‐eight cases were included for which FNAC (n = 156), CNB (n = 8), or both (n = 4) were used. Predominant histologies were skeletal muscle, chondrogenic and vascular sarcomas. FNAC correctly assessed dignity in 76.3% and histology in 45% of cases. Dignity was significantly better for vascular tumors, metastatic and recurrent specimens, and worse for chondrogenic sarcomas. CNB showed a 92% accuracy to identify dignity and 83% for histopathology. FNAC and CNB are useful methods for the diagnosis of head and neck sarcomas, particularly well‐suited in the context of recurrent or metastatic disease. The role of CNB remains largely unexplored for this indication.
Support for global health and pandemic preparedness in medical education in Germany: Students as change agents
Authors: Kreitlow Annika , Steffens Sandra , Jablonka Alexandra , Kuhlmann Ellen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has reinforced Germany's role as global health player, but the education system is lagging behind and does not adequately prepare health professionals for the new challenges. This study aims to strengthen global health in undergraduate medical education in Germany. Major objectives include: to review the current situation, explore changing demand for global health and introduce innovative teaching models and the drivers for change. Mixed methods and an explorative approach were applied, comprising a scoping review, online surveys carried out at Hanover Medical School, March/April 2020. Target groups were undergraduate medical students (n = 384) and additionally lecturers (n = 172), and finally new multiprofessional teaching courses initiated by students and developed collaboratively. The results reveal only slow pace of change on the level of the education system, while demand for global health education has increased markedly in all actor groups, but strongest in the group of students in the preclinical phase. Implementation of global health programmes illustrates how students can become change agents and enhance institutional innovation bottom‐up. However, in order to achieve wider transformative potential, these efforts must be flanked by macro‐level policy changes and integrated in future pandemic preparedness strategies.
Impacts of the Covid‐19 pandemic on the health of university students
Authors: Ihm Laura , Zhang Han , van Vijfeijken Alexandra , Waugh Mark G. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Covid‐19 pandemic caused by the novel Sars‐CoV‐2 coronavirus, has resulted in millions of deaths and disruption to daily life across the globe. University students have been additionally affected by a sudden move to online learning, the closure of campuses and dramatic societal changes that have upended their experiences of higher education. Here we focus on the physical and mental health consequences of the pandemic for this population sector during 2020, and the interdependencies of these impacts. We survey the challenges for infection control on campuses and for monitoring the disease dynamics in student communities. Finally, we explore the psychological and mental health problems that have been exacerbated by the pandemic and evaluate the underlying factors that are most relevant to students.
Mass and heat transport impact on the peristaltic flow of a Ree–Eyring liquid through variable properties for hemodynamic flow
Authors: Rajashekhar C. , Mebarek‐Oudina F. , Vaidya H. , Prasad K. V. , Manjunatha G. , Balachandra H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractVariable properties play a prominent role in analyzing the blood flow in narrow arteries. Specifically, considering the variation of thermal conductivity and viscosity helps in the understanding of the rheological behavior of blood and other biological fluids, such as urine, spermatozoa, and eye drops. Inspired by these applications, the current study incorporates the impact of variable thermal conductivity and viscosity for modeling the peristaltic flow of a Ree–Eyring liquid through a uniform compliant channel. The governing equations are nondimensionalized with the assistance of similarity transformations. The long‐wavelength and small Reynolds wide variety approximation are utilized for solving the governing differential equations. Furthermore, the series solution method (perturbation technique) is utilized for solving the nonlinear temperature equation. The obtained results show that the velocity is greater in the case of the Newtonian liquid than that of the non‐Newtonian liquid.
Broadening Student and Teacher Participation: Multimodal Projects in a Classroom Affinity Space
Authors: Marsh Valerie L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, I explored how a high school English class’s multimodal project broadened student and teacher participation. Previous research has established that multimodal composing expands the nature of classroom texts, opens opportunities for identity expression, and extends access to audiences. Less is known about how affordances work together to increase options for more students and teachers to participate in school‐based writing. Informed by affinity space and multimodality frameworks, this article adds to a small pool of classroom affinity space studies. Through grounded theory analysis, findings reveal that a multimodal project provided students opportunities to participate as interactive audience members, pursue less typical routes to status, and express identity; their teacher experienced an opportunity to participate more flexibly. Pertinent to a rise in online learning and increasingly prevalent and complex ways to create multimodal content, findings illuminate classroom affinity space features focused on broadening participation.