bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lyapunov-type inequalities for partial differential equations with 𝑝-Laplacian
Authors: Stegliński Robert 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to extend results from [A. Cañada, J. A. Montero and S. Villegas, Lyapunov inequalities for partial differential equations, J. Funct. Anal.
237 (2006), 1, 176–193] about Lyapunov-type inequalities for linear partial differential equations to nonlinear partial differential equations with 𝑝-Laplacian with zero Neumann or Dirichlet boundary conditions.
Evaluation of the potential anticancer activity of different vitamin D metabolites on colorectal and breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Khriesha Abeer , Bustanji Yasser , Abu Farha Rana , Al-Abbasi Reem , Abu-Irmaileh Bashaer 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Vitamin D is very important for calcium and mineral metabolism, and many hypotheses appear to link sunlight exposure with cancer risk and prognosis. As many studies supported the antitumor effect of vitamin D we wanted to investigate the potential effect of multiple vitamin D metabolites.

Methods
This study compared the anticancer effect of three inactive forms of vitamin D3 which are; cholecalciferol, alfacalcidol, and calcifediol on two human cancer cell lines colorectal cancer (CaCo II) and breast cancer (MCF-7). All were examined after 24, 48, and 72 h continuous exposure using a colorimetric assay (MTT) seeded in 96-multiwell plates. Doxorubicin anticancer used as a standard agent for comparison, while normal skin fibroblast cells (HDFa) was used as our negative control. IC50 values were calculated as indication of antitumor effect.

Results
Broad-spectrum of cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 4 to 200 μM were found. Alfacalcidol was the most potent cytotoxic agents on colorectal cancer (CaCo II) and breast cancer (MCF-7) compared to cholecalciferol, and calcifediol. Both, alfacalcidol and calcifediol were more cytotoxic than cholecalciferol on the tested cell lines as they are partially active metabolites. Breast cancer (MCF-7) was the most sensitive to all metabolites at all-time intervals with the best IC50 values of 4.35 μM ± 1.06 after 72 h continuous exposure of alfacalcidol.

Conclusions
Vitamin D metabolites are a potential option for cancer treatment along with or an alternative to chemo-therapeutics although extensive preclinical studies are required to prove this effect.
TFAP2A-induced SLC2A1-AS1 promotes cancer cell proliferation
Authors: Cui Yuanbo , Zhang Chunyan , Ma Shanshan , Guan Fangxia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the occurrence and development of human cancers including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). SLC2A1-AS1 is a novel lncRNA that has been reported to be exceptionally expressed in several cancer types. However, the expression and role of SLC2A1-AS1 in cancer remains largely unclear. In this study, it was revealed that lncRNA SLC2A1-AS1 was notably over-expressed in LUAD and was closely correlated with patients’ overall survival (OS). Knockdown of SLC2A1-AS1 could significantly restrain cell proliferation of LUAD in vitro, while over-expression of SLC2A1-AS1 had the accelerative effect. SLC2A1-AS1 enriched in the cytoplasm of LUAD cells could directly bind to miR-508-5p and negatively regulate its level. The inhibitory effect of miR-508-5p on LUAD cell proliferation was in part abrogated by SLC2A1-AS1 manipulation. Moreover, the transcription factor activating enhancer binding protein 2 α (TFAP2A) was highly expressed in LUAD and predicted worse patients’ OS. TFAP2A could directly bind to the promoter region of SLC2A1-AS1 encoding gene and positively regulate the transcription of SLC2A1-AS1 in LUAD cells. Furthermore, TFAP2A-induced SLC2A1-AS1 promoted cell proliferation of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). Collectively, these findings suggest that TFAP2A-mediated lncRNA SLC2A1-AS1 works as an oncogene to drive cancer cell proliferation.
A comprehensive review on the role of protein tyrosine phosphatases in gastric cancer development and progression
Authors: Clerici Stefano Piatto , Oliveira Patrícia Fernandes de Souza , Akagi Erica Mie , Cordeiro Helon Guimarães , Azevedo-Martins Jordana Maria , Faria Alessandra Valéria de Sousa , Ferreira-Halder Carmen Veríssima 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The main post-translational reversible modulation of proteins is phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, catalyzed by protein kinases (PKs) and protein phosphatases (PPs) which is crucial for homeostasis. Imbalance in this crosstalk can be related to diseases, including cancer. Plenty of evidence indicates that protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) can act as tumor suppressors and tumor promoters. In gastric cancer (GC), there is a lack of understanding of the molecular aspects behind the tumoral onset and progression. Here we describe several members of the PTP family related to gastric carcinogenesis. We discuss the associated molecular mechanisms which support the down or up modulation of different PTPs. We emphasize the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) virulence which is in part associated with the activation of PTP receptors. We also explore the involvement of intracellular redox state in response to H. pylori infection. In addition, some PTP members are under influence by genetic mutations, epigenetics mechanisms, and miRNA modulation. The understanding of multiple aspects of PTPs in GC may provide new targets and perspectives on drug development.
Comparative studies on the separation of endocrine disrupting compounds from aquatic environment by emulsion liquid membrane and hollow fiber supported liquid membrane
Authors: Kohli Himanshu P. , Gupta Smita , Chakraborty Mousumi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Endocrine disrupting compounds have been found to limit the natural working of the endocrine system like synthesis, secretion, transference and binding. Endocrine disrupting compounds are released from humans, animals and from production industries to soil, surface water and sediments mostly through the sewage treatment system. Studies have revealed the impact of these compounds on the nervous system, lungs, liver, thyroid, prostate, metabolism, obesity and reproductive system. So removal of these compounds from sewage water/wastewater by appropriate processes is essential. Conventional techniques like coagulation, precipitation, flocculation, microfiltration and ultrafiltration are effective for the removal of these compounds but limitations like low molecular weight of these compounds and pore size of membrane restricts the complete removal. Liquid membrane is a promising technology which combines the steps like extraction and stripping in a single step thereby providing the instantaneous removal and recovery of solutes and also results in high selectivity and savings of chemicals. This paper mainly focuses on the use of liquid membrane techniques like emulsion liquid membrane and hollow fiber supported liquid membrane which are the promising techniques for the removal of endocrine disrupting compounds from aqueous streams. The working principle, mechanism and implementation of these two techniques in the removal of several endocrine disrupting compounds from aquatic streams are also discussed.
Development of inexpensive, simple and environment-friendly solar selective absorber using copper nanoparticle
Authors: Yerudkar Aditi , Nair Mamta , Dalvi Vishwanath H. , Panse Sudhir V. , Deshpande Vineeta D. , Joshi Jyeshtharaj B. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Concentrating solar power is the most challenging and expensive yet highly efficient source of thermal energy from solar power. This is mainly due to the intermittency of the sun rays and expensive materials used to harness its energy. One of the main components adding to the cost is the solar selective absorber materials which are simply put spectrally selective coatings on a receiver system to capture maximum heat from the sun. These materials add to a large extent to the efficiency of converting the sun’s energy to thermal energy and in turn electricity. An ideal solar selective absorber possesses the property of absorbing maximum radiations in the solar spectrum and emit minimum in the thermal energy spectrum. In the current study, an inexpensive, simple and environment-friendly solar selective absorber is fabricated by a galvanic displacement reaction of copper nanoparticles on galvanised metal substrates. These copper nanoparticles have high absorptivity (0.8–0.9) by virtue of plasmon resonance property. The emissivity is low due to the highly reflective metal substrate. By varying size of the copper nanoparticles from 100 nm to 2 μm emissivity and absorptivity can be varied. However, achieving low emissivity and high absorptivity requires some optimising. The size depends on the concentration of precursor solution and immersion time of substrate. One of the remedies for controlling the deposition rate to tune the nanoparticle size and microstructure of deposited copper nanoparticle is by addition of a deposition inhibitor (e.g. Polyethylene glycol).
Numerical simulation of squeezing flow Jeffrey nanofluid confined by two parallel disks with the help of chemical reaction: effects of activation energy and microorganisms
Authors: Chu Yu-Ming , Khan M. Ijaz , Waqas Hassan , Farooq Umar , Khan Sami Ullah , Nazeer Mubbashar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The utilization of nano-materials in a base fluid is a new dynamic technique to improve the thermal conductivity of base fluids. The suspension of tiny nanoparticles in base fluids is referred to the nano-materials. Nanofluids play a beneficial contribution in the field of nanotechnology, heat treatment enhancement, cooling facilities, biomedicine, bioengineering, radiation therapy and in military fields. The analysis of bioconvection characteristics for unsteady squeezing flow of non-Newtonian Jeffery nanofluid with swimming microorganisms over parallel disks with thermal radiation and activation energy has been studied in this continuation. The motivations for performing current analysis are to inspect the heat transfer enhancement in Jeffrey nanofluid in presence of multiple thermal features. The Jeffrey nanofluid contains motile microorganisms which convey dynamic applications in bio-technology and medical sciences and agricultural engineering. The system comprising differential equations of derivative is restricted to an ordinary one by means of a sufficient dimensionless similarity vector, and then implemented numerically by means of a famous shooting scheme with MATLAB tools. The effect of the significant parameters over the fluid flow is investigated from a physical point of view. The numerical findings of the modeled system are explored in detail using tabular data.
Mixing performance of an electroosmotic micromixer with Koch fractal structure
Authors: Xiong Siyue , Chen Xueye 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we have designed a Koch fractal electroosmotic micromixer (KFEM). A low-voltage electroosmotic micromixer. In order to optimize the electrode position, Koch microchannel is designed according to the Koch fractal principle and the electrode pairs based on the fractal are arranged. Then the effect of electrode voltage, electrode distribution positions, the number of electrode pairs, two kinds of Koch fractal structures, Reynolds (Re) number and the frequency of alternating current (AC) on the mixing performance are studied. The results show that the mixing efficiency can reach 99% in a short time when the AC voltage is 1 V, the AC frequency is 12 Hz and the electroosmotic micromixer has two sets of electrode pairs.
Gastric emptying pattern and disintegration kinetics of cooked rice in a 3D printed in vitro dynamic digestion model ARK®
Authors: Ranganathan Saranya , Vasikaran Evanjalin Monica , Elumalai Arunkumar , Moses Jeyan A. , Anandharamakrishnan Chinnaswamy 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Understanding the gastric digestion process is essential for evaluating the bioaccessibility of nutrients from food matrices. The objective of this study was to investigate the kinetics of disintegration and gastric emptying patterns in a 3D printed stomach (ARK®) with white rice as the study sample. Modified power exponential model was used to fit the gastric retention data and the average t
1/2 and t
lag values of the solid fractions were found to be 109.22 ± 4.20 and 84.16 ± 5.72 min, respectively. During the disintegration process, the weight percentage of medium size particles (∼0.35 mm) was found to be higher at 30 and 60 min. Moreover, there was a sharp decrease in the percentage of fine particles (<0.125 mm) at 90 and 120 min. The ARK® could effectively mimic the physiochemical process of the human stomach, providing promising insights for future studies on the development of novel and functional food products.
Experimentation and modeling of convective heat transfer coefficient for evaporation of liquid foods in a pilot plant double effect
Authors: Macedo y Ramírez Reyes Carlos , Vélez Ruiz Jorge Fernando 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Even though the evaporation is a common process in the food industry, there is scarce information about the convective coefficient evaluation as an important parameter for equipment and process design. A research on evaporation of sugar solution in a double effect was carried out. The experimental results obtained in this equipment, from the heat transfer and concentration processes are presented, a range of 2658–6091 W of heat flow was quantified implying computed values of 1431–3763 W/m2K for the convective coefficients and 1020–1815 W/m2K for the overall coefficient. The quantification of the convective coefficient, the fitting methodology and modeling were developed in order, to obtain the correspondent correlations. Then, from a set of several equations, two general relationships are proposed. Both correlations were applied to experimental and supposed data, finding a difference lower than 30% between the experimental and predicted values of the Nusselt number, that was considered as satisfactory.
The effect of structure and texture on pure magnesium properties
Authors: Sułkowski Bartosz 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Deformation modes and twin hardening of pure magnesium under compression in respect of the initial structure and texture were studied in the present work. In general, samples had two types of texture with different alignment of c-axis in respect to a compression direction. In the first case, most of the grains have the c-axis parallel to the compression direction and in the second case, the c-axis was perpendicular with the compression direction. It was found that coarse grained material deformed by slip despite the type of the texture, while the fine grained samples, with c-axis perpendicular to the compression direction, deformed by twinning. The samples which deform by twinning exhibited the highest yield point. It was concluded that combination of the fine grained structure and hard type texture components may introduce twinning as the main deformation mode and may increase the mechanical properties of magnesium and its alloys. The model for twin induced hardening is proposed where twins act as the grain refinement factor.
Microstructural and fractographic analysis of A359/Si3N4 surface composite produced by friction stir processing
Authors: Srivastava Ashish K. , Maurya Manish , Saxena Ambuj , Maurya Nagendra K. , Dwivedi Shashi P. , Dixit Amit R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
High strength and lightweight materials are currently used in the automobile and defence sectors. In this framework, aluminium-based composites are a suitable choice due to their improved properties. The present study deals with the development of surface composites of A359/Si3N4 via friction stir processing. The varying percentage of reinforcement (2% to 6%) is the main criterion behind the study to observe its influence on mechanical, wear, thermal and corrosion properties. Investigations of microstructure and morphological characterization of the developed samples were conducted by optical light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Identification of the alloying elements, reinforcement materials and phase distribution is observed by EDS mapping. In addition, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis were also conducted to validate the structural composition. As a research outcome, the effect of varying reinforcement percentage was examined on the tensile strength supported by fractographic analysis and hardness values. Apart from this, wear, thermal expansion and corrosion tests were conducted to assess the behavior of samples in different operation conditions. The results reveal the maximum tensile strength (478 MPa) and maximum hardness (119 HRB) with minimum wear loss (3.3 mg m–1), maximum thermal expansion (8.2 mm3) and maximum weight loss due to corrosion (0.0058 g) for A359/6%Si3N4 composite.
Mechanism of kink band formation in zinc single crystals
Authors: Pieła Krzysztof , Korbel Andrzej 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper is focused on the mechanism of kink band formation. In the general case, lattice rotation in a kink band may be realized by two sequentially activated simple elastic shears in nearly perpendicular planes. In the case of zinc crystals, compressed along (0001) plane at the temperature 523 K, the first shear may result from stress-induced temporary lattice instability (movement of atoms towards metastable positions in tetrahedric holes), while the second shear occurring along a temporary ‘new-positioned’ basal plane immediately ‘rebuilds’ the stable lattice.
Blowup and global existence of mild solutions for fractional extended Fisher–Kolmogorov equations
Authors: Chen Pengyu , Ma Weifeng , Tao Shu , Zhang Kaibin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the blowup, as well as global existence, and uniqueness of mild solutions for the initial-boundary value problem to a class of fractional extended Fisher–Kolmogorov equations with a general nonlinear term. We establish a general framework to find the global mild solutions for fractional extended Fisher–Kolmogorov equations with general nonlinear function, which will provide an effective way to deal with such problems. The results obtained in this paper can be considered as a contribution to this nascent field.
Transfer and unlearning of topic prominence by Chinese learners of English
Authors: Chang Hui , Xu Lilong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractChinese allows both gapped and gapless topic constructions without their usage being restricted to specific contexts, while English only allows gapped topic constructions which are used in certain contexts. In other words, Chinese uses ‘topic prominence’, whereas English does not. The contrast between English and Chinese topic constructions poses a learnability problem for Chinese learners of English. This paper uses an empirical study investigating first language (L1) transfer in the case of Chinese learners of English and the extent to which they are able to unlearn topic prominence as they progress in second language (L2) English. Results of an acceptability judgment test indicate that Chinese learners of English initially transfer Chinese topic prominence into their English, then gradually unlearn Chinese topic prominence as their English proficiency improves, and finally unlearn Chinese topic prominence successfully. The results support the Full Transfer Theory (Schwartz, Bonnie & Rex Sprouse. 1996. L2 cognitive states and the Full Transfer/Full Access model.Second Language Research12. 40–72) and the Variational Learning Model (Yang, Charles. 2004. Universal Grammar, statistics or both?Trends in Cognitive Sciences8. 451–456), but contradict the proposal that the topic prominence can never be transferred but may be unlearned from the beginning in Chinese speakers’ acquisition of English (Zheng, Chao. 2001.Nominal Constructions Beyond IP and Their Initial Restructuring in L2 Acquisition. Guangzhou: Guangdong University of Foreign Studies Ph.D. dissertation). In addition, the type of topic constructions that is used and whether or not a comma is added after the topic have an effect on learners’ transfer and unlearning of topic prominence. It is proposed that the specification of Agr(eement) and T(ense) as well as the presence of expletive subjects in English input can trigger the unlearning of topic prominence for Chinese learners of English.
Solution of a transport equation with discontinuous coefficients
Authors: Das Abhishek , Joseph K. T. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this article, we study initial and initial-boundary value problems for a non-strictly hyperbolic system whose characteristic speed is not smooth and takes values in

{

-
1

,
0
,
1
}

{\{-1,0,1\}}

. We construct an explicit formula for the weak solution. We also study the interaction of waves and the large time asymptotic behavior of a solution for the case when the initial data is periodic with zero mean over the period and also for the case when the initial data has compact support.
Growing Potentials for Migration Research using the German Socio-Economic Panel Study
Authors: Jacobsen Jannes , Krieger Magdalena , Schikora Felicitas , Schupp Jürgen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article highlights the potentials for migration research using the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP), a longitudinal panel dataset of private households in Germany running since 1984. We provide a concise overview of its basic features, describe the survey contents and research potentials, and demonstrate opportunities to link external data sources to the SOEP thereby presenting its diverse and impactful applications in migration research.
Neurotoxicity of organic solvents with emphasis on the role of iron
Authors: Shahy Eman M. , Ibrahim Khadiga S. , Mahdy-Abdallah Heba , Taha Mona M. , Saad-Hussien Amal , Hafez Salwa F. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Exposure to organic solvents (OS) adversely affects different body systems, the central and peripheral nervous systems being the most susceptible ones.

Objectives
This study investigated the role of iron in association with some neurotransmitters for diagnosis of neurotoxicity of OS.

Methods
The study included 90 workers, 50 occupationally exposed to OS and 40 representing control group. Blood samples were collected from the included subjects for determination of serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

Results
Revealed reduction in serotonin level and serum iron. However, the elevation in GABA and TIBC was observed. The duration of exposure was significantly correlated with iron and serotonin while it was positively correlated with GABA and TIBC.

Conclusions
Elevated GABA and TIBC with decreased serotonin and serum iron can be used as early diagnostic measures to detect the neurotoxic effects of OS.
Immediate effect of interscapular cupping on blood pressure, oxygen saturation, pulse rate and chest expansion in sedentary smoker students
Authors: Ali Ismail Ali Mohamed , Abdelghany Abdelrhman Ismail , Abdelhalim Elfahl Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Increased sympathetic stimulation in smokers may be a risk factor for pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. This study was conducted to assess the immediate effect of interscapular cupping on blood pressure (BP), oxygen (O2) saturation, chest expansion (CE), pulse rate (PR) in sedentary male smoker students.

Methods
Forty sedentary male smoker students– aged 18–25 years -were divided randomly into two equal numbered groups; wet cupping (WC) and dry cupping (DC) groups. Systolic and diastolic BP, upper and lower CE, O2 saturation and PR were measured immediately before and after a single cupping session in both groups.

Results
Both WC and DC types showed improvements in all measurements with a high statistically significant difference (p<0.05).

Conclusions
Interscapular cupping enhanced CE, O2 saturation, BP and PR in sedentary male smoker students.