bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience With the Use of the MicroDTTect Device for the Diagnosis of Low-Grade Chronic Prosthetic Joint Infections in a Routine Setting
Authors: Kolenda Camille , Josse Jérôme , Batailler Cécile , Faure Allison , Monteix Alice , Lustig Sébastien , Ferry Tristan , Laurent Frédéric , Dupieux Céline 
Published: March 2021

Background: In prosthetic joint infections (PJIs), identification of the causative microorganisms is critical to successfully adapt and optimize treatment. However, microbiological diagnosis of PJIs remains a challenge notably because bacteria are embedded in biofilm adhered to the prosthetic material. Recently, dithiothreitol (DTT) treatment of prosthesis has been proposed as a new strategy to release bacteria from biofilm and to improve the yield of microbiological diagnosis. In this study, we evaluated the interest of a commercial device using DTT, the MicroDTTect system (Heraeus, Hanau, Germany), for the diagnosis of low-grade chronic PJIs, compared to the conventional culture of periprosthetic tissue (PPT) samples.Methods: Twenty patients undergoing a surgery procedure for removal of prosthetic material because of a suspicion of low-grade PJI without pre-operative microbiological documentation were included (NCT04371068). Bacteriological results using the fluid obtained after prosthesis treatment with the MicroDTTect system were compared to results obtained with conventional culture of PPT samples.Results: All the bacteria considered as responsible for PJIs recovered from culture of PPT samples were also detected using the MicroDTTect device. For one patient, an additional bacterial isolate (Staphylococcus haemolyticus) suspected to be involved in a polymicrobial PJI was identified using DTT treatment. Time to positivity of the cultures was also reduced using the MicroDTTect system, notably in case of Cutibacterium acnes infection. However, probable bacterial contaminants were found (MicroDTTect system, n = 5; PPT samples, n = 1).Conclusion: This study showed that DTT treatment of the prosthetic component using the MicroDTTect device could improve the microbiological diagnosis of low-grade PJIs.
Predictors of New-Onset Epilepsy in People With Younger-Onset Neurocognitive Disorders
Authors: Wang Xinshi , Loi Samantha M. , Foster Emma , Chen Zhibin , Velakoulis Dennis , Kwan Patrick 
Published: March 2021

Objective: People with neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) have an increased risk of epilepsy. However, most studies investigating the risk of seizures in people with NCDs are limited to those with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD), and those who developed dementia after age 65 years. A knowledge gap exists regarding factors associated with development of epilepsy in people with younger-onset NCD, and those with non-AD and non-VD dementia subtypes. In this study, we aimed to identify the factors associated with the development of epilepsy in people with younger-onset NCDs of varied etiologies, the majority of whom had symptom onset prior to age 65 years.Participants and Methods: This was a retrospective study reviewing the medical records of consecutive people admitted with cognitive impairment to a tertiary neuropsychiatry unit between 1 January 2004 and 30 April 2019. People diagnosed with primary NCDs were included in the analysis. The prevalence and characteristics of epilepsy were described. The factors associated with developing epilepsy were identified in a binary logistic regression model.Results: A total of 427 people were included. One hundred fourteen had Alzheimer's disease, 104 frontotemporal dementia, 51 vascular dementia, 69 movement disorder-associated dementia, and 89 unspecified NCD. The median age on admission was 59 years (range 33–86) and 75.2% (n = 321/427) had young-onset NCD with onset before 65 years of age. 40/427 (9.4%) people had epilepsy, and epilepsy onset clustered between 2 years before and 6 years after the onset of cognitive decline in 80% (n = 32/40). The most frequent seizure type was focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure (35%, n = 14/40). Most of the people (94.7%, n = 36/38) achieved seizure freedom with one or two antiseizure medications. People with unspecified NCD (compared to frontotemporal dementia and movement disorder-associated dementia, age of onset of NCDs ≤50 years, and current smoking status were independently associated with higher risk of developing epilepsy.Conclusion: Epilepsy is common in people with younger-onset NCDs, and a high index of suspicion is warranted particularly for those with unspecified subtype and smoking status. Smoking reduction or cessation should be further investigated as a potentially modifiable factor for risk reduction.
Association of Diabetic Retinopathy With Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hu Kaiyan , Jiang Mengyao , Zhou Qi , Zeng Weiting , Lan Xuhong , Gao Qianqian , Mei Fan , Zhao Li , Chen Fei , Wu Anhu , Tao Gongcai , Mou Chenghua , Ma Bin 
Published: March 2021

Background: The population-based studies conducted thus far do not provide conclusive evidence of the link between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and stroke. The aim of the present systematic review was to determine whether DR is specifically associated with stroke.Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched from their inception to July 31, 2020. All cohort studies that reported associations between the presence of DR and incident stroke were included. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs), pooled risk ratios (RRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.Results: The meta-analysis included 19 cohort studies involving 81,452 diabetic patients. The pooled effect size of any DR related to stroke was 1.25 for HR (95% CI: 1.12–1.39; P &lt; 0.0001) and 1.96 for RR (95% CI: 1.60–2.39; P &lt; 0.0001). Subgroup analysis for the type of diabetes yielded pooled HR of 1.29 (95% CI: 1.10–1.50; P = 0.001) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The pooled RR was 2.29 (95% CI: 1.77–2.96; P &lt; 0.0001) in patients with T2DM. Two studies addressed the DR-related stroke among type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. One study found a significant association between DR and stroke (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1–2.3; P &lt; 0.01), while the other did not identify an association between these two conditions (RR: 1.40; 95% CI: 0.62–2.18; P = 0.178).Conclusions: The presence of DR is associated with an increased risk of stroke in diabetic patients. This correlation is robust in T2DM patients but uncertain in T1DM patients. Our findings indicate that DR is an important biomarker for the prediction of stroke. To further validate the role of DR in stroke-risk stratification, additional research is required on the association between the stage of DR and stroke risk, and more studies including T1DM patients are necessary.
Magnetization Transfer Ratio in Lower Limbs of Late Onset Pompe Patients Correlates With Intramuscular Fat Fraction and Muscle Function Tests
Authors: Nuñez-Peralta Claudia , Montesinos Paula , Alonso-Jiménez Alicia , Alonso-Pérez Jorge , Reyes-Leiva David , Sánchez-González Javier , Llauger-Roselló Jaume , Segovia Sonia , Belmonte Izaskun , Pedrosa Irene , Martínez-Noguera Antonio , Matellini-Mosca Briano , Walter Glenn , Díaz-Manera Jordi 
Published: March 2021

Objectives: Magnetization transfer (MT) imaging exploits the interaction between bulk water protons and protons contained in macromolecules to induce signal changes through a special radiofrequency pulse. MT detects muscle damage in patients with neuromuscular conditions, such as limb-girdle muscular dystrophies or Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, which are characterized by progressive fiber loss and replacement by fatty tissue. In Pompe disease, in which there is, in addition, an accumulation of glycogen inside the muscle fibers, MT has not been tested yet. Our aim is to estimate MT ratio (MTR) in the skeletal muscle of these patients and correlate it with intramuscular fat fraction (FF) and results of muscle function tests.Methods: We obtained two-point axial Dixon and Dixon-MT sequences of the right thigh on a 1.5 Teslas MRI scanner in 60 individuals, including 29 late onset Pompe disease patients, 2 patients with McArdle disease, and 29 age and sex matched healthy controls. FF and MTR were estimated. Muscle function using several muscle function tests, including quantification of muscle strength, timed test quality of life scales, conventional spirometry obtaining forced vital capacity while sitting and in the supine position, were assessed in all patients.Results: MTR was significantly lower in Pompe patients compared with controls (45.5 ± 8.5 vs. 51.7 ± 2.3, Student T-test, p &lt; 0.05). There was a negative correlation between the MTR and FF muscles studied (correlation coefficient: −0.65, Spearman test: p &lt; 0.05). MTR correlated with most of the muscle function test results. We analyzed if there was any difference in MTR values between Pompe patients and healthy controls in those muscles that did not have an increase in fat, a measure that could be related to the presence of glycogen in skeletal muscles, but we did not identify significant differences except in the adductor magnus muscle (48.4 ± 3.6 in Pompe vs. 51 ± 1.3 in healthy controls, Student T-test = 0.023).Conclusions: MTR is a sensitive tool to identify muscle loss in patients with Pompe disease and shows a good correlation with muscle function tests. Therefore, the MT technique can be useful in monitoring muscle degeneration in Pompe disease in clinical trials or natural history studies.
Construction of Gene Modules and Analysis of Prognostic Biomarkers for Cervical Cancer by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis
Authors: Liu Jiamei , Liu Shengye , Yang Xianghong 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundDespite advances in the understanding of neoplasm, patients with cervical cancer still have a poor prognosis. Identifying prognostic markers of cervical cancer may enable early detection of recurrence and more effective treatment.MethodsGene expression profiling data were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. After data normalization, genes with large variation were screened out. Next, we built co-expression modules by using weighted gene co-expression network analysis to investigate the relationship between the modules and clinical traits related to cervical cancer progression. Functional enrichment analysis was also applied on these co-expressed genes. We integrated the genes into a human protein-protein interaction (PPI) network to expand seed genes and build a co-expression network. For further analysis of the dataset, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to identify seed genes and their correlation to cervical cancer prognosis. Verification was further conducted by qPCR and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database to measure the expression of hub genes.ResultsUsing WGCNA, we identified 25 co-expression modules from 10,016 genes in 128 human cervical cancer samples. After functional enrichment analysis, the magenta, brown, and darkred modules were selected as the three most correlated modules for cancer progression. Additionally, seed genes in the three modules were combined with a PPI network to identify 31 tumor-specific genes. Hierarchical clustering and Gepia results indicated that the expression quantity of hub genes NDC80, TIPIN, MCM3, MCM6, POLA1, and PRC1 may determine the prognosis of cervical cancer. Finally, TIPIN and POLA1 were further filtered by a LASSO model. In addition, their expression was identified by immunohistochemistry in HPA database as well as a biological experiment.ConclusionOur research provides a co-expression network of gene modules and identifies TIPIN and POLA1 as stable potential prognostic biomarkers for cervical cancer.
Serum Protein N-Glycosylation Signatures of Neuroblastoma
Authors: Qin Wenjun , Pei Hao , Li Xiaobing , Li Jia , Yao Xuelian , Zhang Rufang 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundNeuroblastoma is the most common extracranial childhood solid tumor which accounts for 10% of the malignancies and 15% of the cancer fatalities in children. N-glycosylation is one of the most frequent post-translation protein modification playing a vital role in numerous cancers. N-glycosylation changes in neuroblastoma patient serum have not been studied in existing reports. The comprehensive analyses of serum N-glycomics in neuroblastoma can provide useful information of potential disease biomarkers and new insights of the pathophysiology in neuroblastoma.MethodsThe total serum protein N-glycosylation was analyzed in 33 neuroblastoma patients and 40 age- and sex-matched non-malignant controls. N-glycans were enzymatically released, derivatized to discriminate linkage-specific sialic acid, purified by HILIC-SPE, and identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. Peak areas were acquired by the software of MALDI-MS sample acquisition, processed and analyzed by the software of Progenesis MALDI.ResultsThree glyco-subclasses and six individual N-glycans were significantly changed in neuroblastoma patients compared with controls. The decreased levels of high mannose N-glycans, hybrid N-glycans, and increased levels of α2,3-sialylated N-glycans, multi-branched sialylated N-glycans were observed in neuroblastoma patients. what is more, a glycan panel combining those six individual N-glycans showed a strong discrimination performance, with an AUC value of 0.8477.ConclusionsThis study provides new insights into N-glycosylation characteristics in neuroblastoma patient serum. The analyses of total serum protein N-glycosylation could discriminate neuroblastoma patients from non-malignant controls. The alterations of the N-glycomics may play a suggestive role for neuroblastoma diagnosis and advance our understanding of the pathophysiology in neuroblastoma.
Integrative Analysis of the Expression of SIGLEC Family Members in Lung Adenocarcinoma via Data Mining
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Xie Yongfei , Hu Zhi , Yu Hong , Xie Xiang , Ye Yingchun , Xu Wenfeng , Nian Siji , Yuan Qing 
Published: March 2021

Background: Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectin (SIGLEC) family members are involved in regulating immune-cell activation, proliferation, and apoptosis, and they play an important role in tumor development. However, their expression and correlation with immune molecules in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unclear.Methods: We utilized Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, Kaplan–Meier analysis, the limma package in R/Bioconductor, the University of California Santa Cruz Cancer Genome Browser, cBioPortal, STRING, Cytoscape, DAVID, and the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource for gene and protein profiling and analyses.Results: The results showed that SIGLEC10 and SIGLEC15 levels were upregulated in LUAD, whereas SIGLEC1, CD22 (SIGLEC2), CD33, myelin-associated glycoprotein (SIGLEC4), SIGLEC5, SIGLEC6, SIGLEC7, SIGLEC8, SIGLEC11, and SIGLEC14 levels were significantly downregulated, with their low expression associated with poor overall survival. Moreover, we observed high SIGLEC-mutation rates (22%) in LUAD patients, with SIGLEC functions determined as primarily involved in regulating the immune response, signal transduction, inflammatory response, and cell adhesion. Furthermore, we found that SIGLEC expression was significantly correlated with immune-cell infiltration, especially macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, and highly associated with immune molecules such as CD80, CD86, CD28, B-cell-activating factor, programmed cell death 1 ligand 2, and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor.Conclusion: These results provide insight into the potential molecular mechanism associated with SIGLEC-related development of LUAD, as well as clues for screening biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
The Parameters of the Field Emission Model and the Fabrication of Zinc Oxide Nanorod Arrays/Graphene Film
Authors: Yang JianJun , Shao ShuangShuang , Li YaXin , Wang YueHui , Feng Chi 
Published: March 2021

A large-scale growth of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod arrays on graphene sheets was fabricated by a hydrothermal technique, and the Fowler–Nordheim theory was used to build a model to describe the properties of the arrays’ field emission. The results indicated that the morphological characteristics of the ZnO nanorods grown on the graphene sheets can be easily tuned by varying the reaction time and concentrations of the reaction solution. The regular ordered ZnO nanorods arrays on the graphene sheets were obtained under the appropriate experimental conditions. Further, this composite cathode was demonstrated to possess excellent field emission properties due to the outstanding mechanical and electrical properties of graphene. The field emission current density of the composite cathode reached 1,448 μA cm–2 at the electric field of 16.5 V μm–1. The key parameter, field enhancement factor, reached 6,366, while the pure graphene cathode field is about 1,660. These specific nanorod arrays with enhancement of the field emission properties would be useful to sensor or modulator units for accessing networks.
Developing Familiarity in a New Duo: Rehearsal Talk and Performance Cues
Authors: Ginsborg Jane , Bennett Dawn 
Published: March 2021

Context and Aims:Social and cognitive processes underlying individual classical musicians' and duo performers' preparation for performance have been explored using longitudinal case studies. Social processes can be inferred fromrehearsal talkand recent studies have focused on its content and nature. Cognitive processes can be inferred from score annotations representing musicians' thoughts while practicing, rehearsing (rehearsal features), and playing or singing from memory (performance cues). We report three studies conducted by two practitioner-researchers: (1) of rehearsal talk; (2) of rehearsal features and thoughts while performing; and (3) a triangulation (as it were) of the two kinds of data to gauge the potential for rehearsal talk to predict the use of performance cues.Methods:A singer and viola player formed a new duo to prepare two songs, new to them both, for two performances on the same day and a third performance 10 months later. Their practice and rehearsal sessions, over the course of seven days, were recorded and transcribed. The musicians annotated copies of the scores after rehearsing and after each performance. Each musician performed one of the two songs from memory. First, verbal data were coded and analyzed using two frameworks for categorizing socio-emotional interactions and musical dimensions, respectively. Second, their annotations were categorized and compared, and finally the frameworks were combined so that correlations between rehearsal talk and performance cues could be calculated.Results:The musicians' verbal interactions were positive and task-related; significant changes over time were observed only in the extent to which they showed solidarity toward each other. Analysis of their annotations illustrates similarities and differences between their attention to specific features of the music while rehearsing and performing, particularly from memory. Rehearsal talk predicted performance cues in the third performance, but not the first or second.Conclusion:Musicians' talk cannot be assumed to reflect musicians' actions. The study of musicians' verbal interactions may be less useful for determining cognitive than social processes underlying preparation for performance. Nevertheless, the study provides a detailed snapshot of classical musicians' “real world” preparation for performance, highlighting the role of spontaneity in performance, and underlining differences between what happens in the studio and what can happen on stage.
Factors Associated With Time to Achieve Employment Through Occupational Support Programs in Patients With Mood Disorders: 1 Year Naturalistic Study
Authors: Hayasaka Tomonari , Takaesu Yoshikazu , Nagashima Izumi , Futada Miku , Nozaki Kazuhiro , Katagiri Takeshi , Imamura Yayoi , Kurihara Mariko , Oe Yuki , Tsuboi Takashi , Watanabe Koichiro 
Published: March 2021

Objective: Mood disorders cause significant work performance disability in sufferers and often lead to adverse employment outcomes in working individuals. The aim of this study was to explore factors associated with time to achieve employment through the occupational support program (OSP) for patients with mood disorders.Methods: The participants were patients admitted to the Kyorin university hospital from April 2016 to April 2019. Patients who met the criteria for major depressive disorder and depressive episode of bipolar I or II disorder according to DSM-5 and participated in the occupational therapy-based OSP for at least three sessions (one course) were included in this study. We collected demographic and clinical variables at the baseline of this study through medical records and OSP records; the variables included age, gender, diagnosis, scores of Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology and Global Assessment of Functioning, the number of times of participation in the OSP, word count of the transcription task in the OSP, typographical deficiency, fatigue status and mood status after the OSP. The primary outcome was set as the time to achieve the employment within 1 year after the discharge.Results: Of the 211 patients who participated in the OSP during the survey period, 49 participants met the criteria in this study. The results showed that 14 patients achieved and the other 35 patients did not achieve the employment within 1 year of discharge from the hospital. A multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that the word count of the transcription task in the OSP (HR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01–1.05, p = 0.016) and mood status after the OSP (HR = 2.77, 95% CI = 1.18–6.51, p = 0.019) were significantly associated with time to achieve the employment.Conclusion: In conclusion, this study suggested that work speed and mood response in the OSP could be significant predictors for achieving employment in patients with mood disorders.
Past Year Cannabis Use Among Norwegian Adolescents: Time Trends Based on the Ungdata Surveys 2010–2019
Authors: Heradstveit Ove , Nilsen Sondre Aasen , Breivik Kyrre , Bakken Anders , Haug Thomas , Hartveit Kristian , Stormark Kjell Morten 
Published: March 2021

Aims: To describe trends in cannabis use from 2010 to 2019 among Norwegian adolescents and relate these to individual- and municipal-level variables.Design: Data from nationwide repeated cross-sectional surveys collected in 2010–2013 (T1), 2014–2016 (T2), and 2017–2019 (T3) were used to describe secular trends in proportions of adolescent cannabis use.Setting: Cross-sectional surveys in 410 of the total 428 municipalities of Norway.Participants: A total of 628,678 survey responses from adolescents aged ~13–19 years of age, in which 566,912 survey responses were eligible for analyses, representing data from 340 municipalities.Measurements: Respondent's past year cannabis use, time, gender, school grade, municipality, geographical location, and municipality population.Findings: Boys reported overall higher cannabis use, with ~2:1 gender ratio for any past year cannabis use and a 3:1 gender ratio for frequent cannabis use. Adolescents in Eastern Norway reported higher cannabis use compared with other areas in the country, and adolescents from municipalities with a higher population size reported higher rates of cannabis use than smaller municipalities. A gradual increase in cannabis use from T1 to T3 was found in Eastern Norway and in the largest municipalities. More generally, proportions of past year cannabis use showed a marked increase from T2 to T3 across genders, grade/age groups, geographical location, and municipality population, with few exceptions.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that proportions of past year cannabis use have increased among Norwegian adolescents in recent years. Preventive interventions to hinder initiation of cannabis use, as well as measures to address frequent cannabis use among Norwegian adolescents, are needed.