bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Sugammadex Dose for Intraoperative Neuromonitoring in Thyroid Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chai Young Jun , Lee Jung‐Man , Won Dongwook , Lee Jiwon , Hwang Jin‐Young , Kim Tae Kyong , Chang Jee‐Eun , Kim Hyerim , Yang Hyo Jun , Min Seong‐Won 
Published: March 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTo compare effect of 1 and 2 mg/kg of sugammadex on the incidence of intraoperative bucking and intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) quality in thyroid surgery.Study DesignRandomized controlled trial.MethodsPatients qualified for thyroid surgery with IONM were eligible for this double‐blind, randomized, controlled trial. After tracheal intubation with 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium, 1 or 2 mg/kg of sugammadex was administered to patients in group I or II, respectively. The quality of the IONM for the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) was evaluated (strong/intermediate/weak). The initial amplitude of electromyography for the vagus nerve (V1) and the recurrent laryngeal nerve (R1) were recorded. Intraoperative bucking movements was recorded.ResultsA total of 102 patients (51 in each group) completed the study. Time from sugammadex administration to initial checking for the EBSLN was not different between group I and II (25.0 ± 7.9 vs. 25.5 ± 9.0 minutes, P = .788). There was no difference in the neuromonitoring quality for the EBSLN between group I and II (strong/intermediate/weak: 46/5/0 vs. 50/1/0, P = .205). The amplitudes of V1 (1,086.3 ± 673.3 μV vs. 1,161.8 ± 727.5 μV, P = .588) and R1 (1,328.2 ± 934.1 μV vs. 1,410.5 ± 919.6 μV, P = .655) were comparable between the groups. Patients who experienced bucking were significantly fewer in the group I than the group II (13.7% vs. 35.3%, P = .020).ConclusionA dose of 1 mg/kg sugammadex induced less bucking than 2 m/kg while providing comparable IONM quality during thyroid surgery.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 131:2154–2159, 2021
Carbon and nitrogen content to biovolume relationships for marine protist of the Rhizaria lineage (Radiolaria and Phaeodaria)
Authors: Mansour Joost Samir , Norlin Andreas , Llopis Monferrer Natalia , L'Helguen Stéphane , Not Fabrice 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRhizaria are large protistan cells that have been shown to be a major component of the planktic community in the oceans and contribute significantly to major biogeochemical cycles such as carbon or silicon. However, unlike for many other protists, limited data is available on rhizarian cellular carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content and cell volume. Here we present novel C and N mass to volume equations and ratios for nine Rhizaria taxa belonging to Radiolaria (i.e., Collozoum, Sphaerozoum, Collosphaeridae, Acantharia, Nassellaria, and Spumellaria) and Phaeodaria (i.e., Aulacantha, Protocystis, and Challengeria). The C and N content of collodarian cells was significantly correlated to cell volume as expressed by the mass : vol equations ng C cell−1 = −13.51 + 0.1524 × biovolume (μm3) or ng N cell−1 = −4.33 + 0.0249 × biovolume (μm3). Significant C and N content to volume correlations were also identified, and corresponding equations are proposed, for C : vol and N : vol of collodarian colonies (Radiolaria), and C : vol of the genus Protocystis (Phaeodaria). Furthermore, average C and N densities (mass per volume) are given for all studied Rhizaria. The densities and mass : vol equations established here could show that, with the exception of Aulacantha, biomass of most Rhizaria would have been underestimated using previously published generic protist C : vol ratios. We measured up to 35 times more C content for Acantharia than otherwise estimated, and between 1.4 and 21.5 times more for other taxa. Our mass : vol data will prove critical for model input and quantitative ecological studies of oceanic ecosystems.
Abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness as a substitute for BMI in predicting complications in abdominally‐based autologous breast reconstruction
Authors: Dinis Jacob , Junn Alexandra , Shah Rema , Allam Omar , Mehta Sumarth , Mozaffari Mohammad Ali , Avraham Tomer , Alperovich Michael 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionPatient selection for autologous tissue transfer for postmastectomy breast reconstruction often utilizes body mass index (BMI) to risk stratify patients, though it only estimates fat content and does not address fat distribution. This study aims to identify a measurement of abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness (ASFT) from preoperative computed tomography (CT) angiography imaging to better predict complications.MethodsA retrospective review of patients who underwent an abdominal microvascular free flap breast reconstruction was performed. The average of the bilateral distances from the lateral border of the rectus abdominus to the most proximal point of the dermis at the L4–L5 space was measured on preoperative imaging to estimate ASFT. This measurement was compared to BMI in regards to correlation with any complication, major or minor complications, and donor or recipient site complications. Statistical analysis utilized point‐biserial correlations and multivariable logistic regression analyses.ResultsThree hundred and nine cases comprising a total of 496 breast reconstructions were identified. BMI did not correlate with any of the grouped complications, while ASFT correlated with occurrence of any complication (p = .003), minor complications (p = .001), and recipient site complications (p = .001). Further analysis revealed ASFT is specifically correlated with fat necrosis (p = .005). In independent multivariable regression models, both BMI (p = .011) and ASFT (p = .001) were significant predictors of fat necrosis. The ASFT model had a BIC of 335.42 compared to the BMI model with a value of 340.89, with smaller numbers representing more predictive models.ConclusionEstimation of ASFT is easily performed and is a significantly better predictor of flap fat necrosis than BMI.
Technical Note: A 3D‐printed phantom for radiochromic film evaluation of moving lung tumor SBRT without dose convolution
Authors: Retif Paul , Djibo Sidikou Abdourahamane , Letellier Romain , Verrecchia‐Ramos Emilie , Quetin Philippe 
Published: March 2021

PurposeA common dosimetric quality assurance (QA) method in stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of lung tumors is to use lung phantoms with radiochromic film. However, in most phantoms, the film moves with the tumor, leading to the blurring effect. This technical note presents the QA performance of a novel phantom in which the film is fixed; this phantom can be used for both patient‐specific QA and end‐to‐end testing.MethodsLung tumor motion was simulated with the CIRS Model 008A phantom. A lung‐equivalent insert that consisted of a fixed radiochromic film around which a 2‐cm tumor moved in the inferior/superior direction (i.e., mimicking respiration‐induced tumor motion) was generated by 3D printing. Two common SBRT plans [dynamic conformal arc (DCA) and volumetric‐modulated arc therapy (VMAT)] were calculated on the average intensity projection (AIP) image set in Varian Eclipse using the dose calculation algorithm Acuros XB. The plans were delivered by a Varian TrueBeam STx accelerator using 6‐MV flattening filter‐free energy. EBT3 films were used for treatment‐dose verification. The measured and planned dose distributions were compared by using the local gamma index at 3% and 2 mm.ResultsMean gamma pass rates of film and planned dose distributions were all ≥95%. DCA and VMAT plans did not differ in gamma pass rates. Planned and measured dose distributions agreed well, as did planned and measured gamma maps.ConclusionsWith this new insert, measured and planned dose distributions were very similar, which supports the current view in the field that dose calculations on AIP image sets account sufficiently for tumor motion during treatment. The phantom also performed well despite challenging breathing parameters (large tumor amplitude and slow breathing rate) and the application of a complex treatment technique (VMAT). This phantom could facilitate clinical and end‐to‐end film‐based dosimetric QA for lung SBRT.TaxonomyTwenty‐seven TH‐ Radiation dose measurement devices. Eleven Phantoms for dosimetric measurement.
MC2‐Net: motion correction network for multi‐contrast brain MRI
Authors: Lee Jongyeon , Kim Byungjai , Park HyunWook 
Published: March 2021

PurposeA motion‐correction network for multi‐contrast brain MRI is proposed to correct in‐plane rigid motion artifacts in brain MR images using deep learning.MethodThe proposed method consists of 2 parts: image alignment and motion correction. Alignment of multi‐contrast MR images is performed in an unsupervised manner by a CNN work, yielding transformation parameters to align input images in order to minimize the normalized cross‐correlation loss among multi‐contrast images. Then, fine‐tuning for image alignment is performed by maximizing the normalized mutual information. The motion correction network corrects motion artifacts in the aligned multi‐contrast images. The correction network is trained to minimize the structural similarity loss and the VGG loss in a supervised manner. All datasets of motion‐corrupted images are generated using motion simulation based on MR physics.ResultsA motion‐correction network for multi‐contrast brain MRI successfully corrected artifacts of simulated motion for 4 test subjects, showing 0.96%, 7.63%, and 5.03% increases in the average structural simularity and 5.19%, 10.2%, and 7.48% increases in the average normalized mutual information for T1‐weighted, T2‐weighted, and T2‐weighted fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery images, respectively. The experimental setting with image alignment and artifact‐free input images for other contrasts shows better performances in correction of simulated motion artifacts. Furthermore, the proposed method quantitatively outperforms recent deep learning motion correction and synthesis methods. Real motion experiments from 5 healthy subjects demonstrate the potential of the proposed method for use in a clinical environment.ConclusionA deep learning‐based motion correction method for multi‐contrast MRI was successfully developed, and experimental results demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
Diffusion‐prepared fast spin echo for artifact‐free spinal cord imaging
Authors: Lee Seung‐Yi , Meyer Briana P. , Kurpad Shekar N. , Budde Matthew D. 
Published: March 2021

PurposeDiffusion MRI provides unique contrast important for the detection and examination of pathophysiology after acute neurologic insults, including spinal cord injury. Diffusion weighted imaging of the rodent spinal cord has typically been evaluated with axial EPI readout. However, Diffusion weighted imaging is prone to motion artifacts, whereas EPI is prone to susceptibility artifacts. In the context of acute spinal cord injury, diffusion filtering has previously been shown to improve detection of injury by minimizing the confounding effects of edema. We propose a diffusion‐preparation module combined with a rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement readout to minimize artifacts for sagittal imaging.MethodsSprague‐Dawley rats with cervical contusion spinal cord injury were scanned at 9.4 Tesla. The sequence optimization included the evaluation of motion‐compensated encoding diffusion gradients, gating strategy, and different spinal cord‐specific diffusion‐weighting schemes.ResultsA diffusion‐prepared rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement achieved high‐quality images free from susceptibility artifacts with both second‐order motion‐compensated encoding and gating necessary for reduction of motion artifacts. Axial diffusivity obtained from the filtered diffusion‐encoding scheme had greater lesion‐to‐healthy tissue contrast (52%) compared to the similar metric from DTI (25%).ConclusionThis work demonstrated the feasibility of high‐quality diffusion sagittal imaging in the rodent cervical cord with diffusion‐prepared relaxation enhancement. The sequence and results are expected to improve injury detection and evaluation in acute spinal cord injury.
Strategic Planning for Catfish Angling in the Future: An Example from Urban Iowa
Authors: Krogman Rebecca M. , Stubbs Tyler J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Ictalurid catfish have a long history of popularity in Iowa fisheries, but recent changes have highlighted the need to investigate catfish angling interest and potential for future growth. Ictalurid catfish were superseded by other taxa for the first time in recent statewide angler surveys, putting their importance into question. Ongoing urbanization in Iowa was associated with reduced interest in angling and specifically in catfish angling. We sought to determine demographic characteristics, preferences, and constraints of potential anglers, lapsed catfish anglers, active catfish anglers, and non-catfish anglers and to predict where catfish angling had the greatest potential for growth. A survey of urban areas was conducted in 2018; questions included interest and past experience fishing in Iowa, target species, characteristics of an ideal fishing trip, interest in various programs, and constraints to fishing participation. A total of 693 responses were obtained, yielding a 27.7% response rate. Catfish anglers were predominantly male, middle aged, and White, and interest in catfish angling was best explained by gender, age, and rurality (i.e., urban/rural background). Interest level (i.e., potential, lapsed, active, or non-catfish angler) was related to ideal trip factors, program preferences, and constraints, with active catfish anglers being significantly different in numerous aspects from lapsed, potential, and non-catfish anglers. Based on their description of an ideal fishing trip, some potential anglers were predicted to be similar to active catfish anglers, while others would be similar to lapsed anglers. Spatial prediction of interest based on Tapestry segment composition revealed patterns of interest in both Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus and Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris, which were repeated across cities. Our findings suggested numerous differences between active catfish anglers and those who may be recruited or reactivated; these differences translate into dissimilar management actions and interventions. We conclude that catfish angling can grow in Iowa’s urban centers, but recruitment and retention strategies should be specific to both audience and place.
Animal modeling of lower urinary tract dysfunction associated with multiple sclerosis: Part I: Justification of the mouse model for MS research
Authors: Ramasamy Ramalakshmi , Smith Phillip P. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLower urinary tract symptoms and dysfunction (LUTS/LUTD) contribute to loss of quality of life, morbidity, and need for medical intervention in most patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Although MS is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease, clinical manifestations including continence control disorders have traditionally been attributed to the loss of neural signaling due to neurodegeneration. Clinical approaches to MS‐LUTS/LUTD have focused on addressing symptoms in the context of urodynamic dysfunctions as pathophysiologic understandings are incomplete. The mouse model provides a useful research platform for the discovery of more detailed molecular, cellular, and tissue‐level knowledge of the disease and its clinical manifestations. The aim of this two‐part review is to provide a state‐of‐the‐art update on the use of the mouse model for MS research, with a focus on lower urinary tract symptoms. Part I presents a summary of the current understanding of MS pathophysiology, the impact on lower urinary tract symptoms, and briefly introduces the types of mouse models available to study MS. Part II presents the common animal models that are currently available to study MS, their mechanism, relevance to MS‐LUTS/LUTD and their urinary pathophysiology, advantages, and disadvantages.
Changes in patient reported outcome measures after treatment for female urethral stricture
Authors: Lane Giulia I. , Gracely Alyssa , Uberoi Pansy , Lee Una , Smith Ariana L. , Anger Jennifer T. , Theva Didi , DeLong Jessica , Kowalik Casey , Padmanabhan Priya , Powell Charles R. , Carmel Maude E. , Clemens J. Quentin , Cameron Anne P. , Gupta Priyanka ,   For the SUFU Research Network
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionThere is a paucity of patient reported outcome measure (PROM) data for women with urethral strictures. To address this gap, we aim to evaluate change in PROM among women who underwent surgery for a stricture.MethodsAmerican Urological Association Symptom Index (AUA‐SI) and Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI‐6) data from a multi‐institutional retrospective cohort study of women treated for urethral stricture was assessed.ResultsFifty‐seven women had either AUA‐SS or UDI‐6 and 26 had baseline and postoperative data for either. Most women underwent urethroplasty (77%) and the majority (73%) remained stricture free at median follow‐up of 21 months (interquartile range [IQR] 7–37). The median baseline AUA‐SI was 21 (IQR 12–28) and follow‐up was 10 (IQR 5–24). After treatment, there was a median decrease of 12 (IQR −18 to −2) in AUA‐SI (p = 0.003). The median AUA Quality of life (QOL) score at baseline and follow‐up were 6 (IQR 4–6) and 3 (IQR 2–5), respectively. There was a median AUA‐QOL improvement of 2 points (−5,0; p = 0.007) from a baseline 5 (unhappy) to 3 (mixed). Median UDI‐6 scores were 50 (IQR 33–75) at baseline and 17 (IQR 0–39), at follow‐up. After treatment, there was a median decrease of 19 (−31 to −11; p = 0.01).ConclusionWomen with urethral strictures have severe lower urinary tract symptoms which improved after surgery. This study substantiates the claims that recognizing and treating women with urethral stricture disease greatly improves lower urinary tract symptoms and QOL.
The quality in psychiatric care—Addiction outpatient instrument: Psychometric properties and patient views of the quality of care
Authors: Schröder Agneta , Skårberg Kurt , Lundqvist Lars‐Olov 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Quality in Psychiatric Care—Addiction Outpatient (QPC‐AOP) instrument and to describe the experiences with the quality of care among addiction outpatients.DesignThe study has a cross‐sectional design.MethodsA sample of 244 patients with addiction and psychiatric disorders completed the QPC‐AOP.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis showed adequate to excellent goodness‐of‐fit indices supporting the 9‐factor structure of the QPC‐AOP. The results thus demonstrate that the concept of quality of care to a large extent is equivalent among outpatients from general psychiatry and from outpatient addiction services. Internal consistency for the full QPC‐AOP was adequate, but poor for some of the separate factors. The patients’ ratings of quality of care were generally high; the highest rating was for Encounter and the lowest for Discharge.
Developing the logic framework underpinning a whole‐systems approach to childhood overweight and obesity prevention: Amsterdam Healthy Weight Approach
Authors: Sawyer Alexia , den Hertog Karen , Verhoeff Arnoud P , Busch Vincent , Stronks Karien 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhole‐systems approaches (WSAs) are well placed to tackle the complex local environmental influences on overweight and obesity, yet there are few examples of WSAs in practice. Amsterdam Healthy Weight Approach (AHWA) is a long‐term, municipality‐led program to improve children's physical activity, diet, and sleep through action in the home, neighborhood, school, and city. Adopting a WSA, local political, physical, social, educational, and healthcare drivers of childhood obesity are viewed as a complex adaptive system. Since 2013, AHWA has reached >15,000 children. During this time, the estimated prevalence of 2–18‐year‐olds with overweight or obesity in Amsterdam has declined from 21% in 2012 to 18.7% in 2017. Declining trends are rarely observed in cities. There is a need to formally articulate AHWA program theory in order to: (i) inform future program evaluation which can interpret this decline within the context of AHWA and (ii) contribute a real‐life example of a WSA to the literature.MethodsThis study aimed to formally document the program theory of AHWA to permit future evaluation. A logic framework was developed through extensive document review and discussion, during program implementation.ResultsThe working principles of the WSA underpinning AHWA were made explicit in an overarching theory of change, articulated in a logic framework. The framework was operationalized using an illustrative example of sugar intake.ConclusionsThe logic framework will inform AHWA development, monitoring, and evaluation and responds to a wider need to outline the working principles of WSAs in public health.
Early doxorubicin cardiotoxicity in Malawian children admitted to Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Malawi
Authors: Moyo Dominic , Chimalizeni Yamikani , Chagaluka George , Banda Clifford G. , Molyneux Elizabeth M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundDoxorubicin is known to cause chemotherapy‐induced cardiotoxicity. In resource‐poor settings, monitoring for cardiotoxicity is not routinely done, and its incidence is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of children who developed doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity within 1 year of having received treatment at paediatric oncology ward.MethodsChildren aged 3 months to 18 years with cancer were prospectively enrolled and followed up between January 2016 to June 2019. Transthoracic echocardiogram was done at baseline, 1 month, 6 months and a year after completion of therapy. Cardiotoxicity was defined as a decline in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of ≥10% to a final value of <50%. An overall incidence risk of developing cardiotoxicity was estimated. A one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to compare baseline LVEF with follow‐up measurements.FindingsNinety‐one children were enrolled, 74% (68/91) were male, and 67% (62/91) were aged 5 months to 14 years. Most patients received a doxorubicin cumulative dose between 100 and 200 mg/m2 and no cardiotoxicity was observed during the study period. However, of 77 children with at least one follow up, five children 6.54% (95% CI: 2.1–14.5) experienced LVEF reduction of >10%, though not to a final value of <50%. No deterioration of systolic function was found among 20 children who completed follow‐up (F = 2.43, p‐value = .07).InterpretationIn this cohort of patients, most received a low cumulative doxorubicin dose and only 22% were available for evaluation at study end; no cardiotoxic events associated with doxorubicin administration were observed after 12 months.