bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Assertive Communication and Cyber-â€‹â€‹bullying in Adolescents
Authors: Kusumawaty Ira , Yunike Yunike , Ni Ketut Sujati 
Published: October 2021

The mandatory use of online facilities during the Covid-19 period has a great opportunity to increase the problem of cyber bullying at all levels of education. The concept of assertiveness cannot be separated from cyber bullying and it is known that communicating assertively can prevent cyber bullying even though it is difficult to implement. The complexity of the psychological problems of victims of cyber bullying requires comprehensive management. This analytical descriptive study with a cross sectional approach aims to analyze the relationship between assertive communication and cyber bullying by involving 151 student participants and high school students in Palembang. The data was collected using an assertive scale and a cyber-bullying scale, which was distributed online using a Google form.Â From Kendall's tau-b statistical test, it is known that there is a relationship between assertive communication and cyber bullying (p=0.026). It is recommended that the education sector implement self-awareness, empathy, assertive communication and conflict resolution training to prevent the increasing number of cyber bullying's victim. The academic and managerial sectors are expected to facilitate promotion through educational media about using online facilities intelligently by respecting human dignity.
Cardiovascular Outcomes in High-Risk Patients Undergoing OPCAB Surgery Compared to Traditional CABG
Authors: Suwatri Widya Trianita , Hanafy Dudy Arman , Sugisman Sugisman 
Published: October 2021

The benefit of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) for coronary artery disease (CAD) with Ejection Fraction (EF) 30% and ischemic burden (IB) 10% is still debatable. The objective of this study is to analyze mortality and morbidity in patients with EF 30% and ischemic burden 10% undergoing OPCAB compared to traditional CABG (TCABG).Â The retrospective analytic cohort study was performed using data from January 2015â€“November 2018 at National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita Jakarta, Indonesia. 109 patients were included. 35 patients undergoing OPCAB and 74 patients undergoing TCABG. The primary outcomes were mortality rate, morbidity rate, and length of stay. Arrhythmia is statistically lower in OPCAB compared to TCABG (8.6% vs 39.2%; p=0.001). Kidney injury is statistically lower in OPCAB (8.6% vs 27.0 %; p=0.027). Stroke is statistically lower in OPCAB (1.0 % vs 17.6%; p=0,032). There is no significant difference between OPCAB and TCABG in mortality, 5.7% vs 16.2%, (RR=3.20; CI 95%=0.67â€“15.12; p= 0.126). There was a statistically significant difference in the occurrence of postoperative morbidity in CAD patients with EF <30% and IB<10% who underwent OPCAB surgery compared with patients who underwent TCABG. Mortality that occurred after OPCAB procedure was lower in CAD patients with EF < 30% and IB<10% compared to TCABG although the statistical difference was not significant. Therefore, patients with this condition are more advisable to undergo OPCAB.
Health Professionals’ Perspectives on Electronic Medical Record Infusion and Individual Performance: Model Development and Questionnaire Survey Study
Authors: Chen Rai-Fu , Hsiao Ju-Ling 
Published: October 2021

Background
Electronic medical records (EMRs) are integrated information sources generated by health care professionals (HCPs) from various health care information systems. EMRs play crucial roles in improving the quality of care and medical decision-making and in facilitating cross-hospital health information exchange. Although many hospitals have invested considerable resources and efforts to develop EMRs for several years, the factors affecting the long-term success of EMRs, particularly in the EMR infusion stage, remain unclear.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of technology, user, and task characteristics on EMR infusion to determine the factors that largely affect EMR infusion. In addition, we examined the effect of EMR infusion on individual HCP performance.

Methods
A questionnaire survey was used to collect data from HCPs with >6 months experience in using EMRs in a Taiwanese teaching hospital. A total of 316 questionnaires were distributed and 211 complete copies were returned, yielding a valid response rate of 66.8%. The collected data were further analyzed using WarpPLS 5.0.

Results
EMR infusion (R2=0.771) was mainly affected by user habits (β=.411), portability (β=.217), personal innovativeness (β=.198), technostress (β=.169), and time criticality (β=.168), and individual performance (R2=0.541) was affected by EMR infusion (β=.735). This finding indicated that user (habit, personal innovativeness, and technostress), technology (portability), and task (mobility and time criticality) characteristics have major effects on EMR infusion. Furthermore, the results indicated that EMR infusion positively affects individual performance.

Conclusions
The factors identified in this study can extend information systems infusion theory and provide useful insights for the further improvement of EMR development in hospitals and by the government, specifically in its infusion stage. In addition, the developed instrument can be used as an assessment tool to identify the key factors for EMR infusion, and to evaluate the extent of EMR infusion and the individual performance of hospitals that have implemented EMR systems. Moreover, the results can help governments to understand the urgent needs of hospitals in implementing EMR systems, provide sufficient resources and support to improve the incentives of EMR development, and develop adequate EMR policies for the meaningful use of electronic health records among hospitals and clinics.
Effect of Consuming Different Varieties of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea) Seeds on Glycaemia and Lipid Profile of Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Rats
Authors: Mhya Daniel Hassan , Mohammed Abdulrashid 
Published: October 2021

Background: Bambara groundnut seed is reported to possess high fibre and good nutritional content, and is locally used as a daily dietary therapy by diabetic patients in northern Nigeria. The plant seeds are of different varieties and whether the antidiabetic effect may vary with the varieties is largely unknown. This has prompted the current study to investigate effect of consuming different varieties of Bambara groundnut seeds on glycaemia and lipid profile of diabetic and non-diabetic rats.
Materials and Methods: Bambara groundnut seed’s varieties were processed into flour and use in formulating feeds which were given to diabetic and non-diabetic rats as follows; group A (ALK01 feed), group B (ALK02 feed), group C (ALK03 feed), group D (ALK04 feed), group E (Basal feed), and group F (Normal animal’s feed) for 28 days during which blood glucose and weights were measured weekly while lipid profile was assayed at the end of the study.
Results: The result of the study showed continuous increase in glycemic levels for diabetic rats fed basal and normal feeds compared to those fed plant seed formulated feeds. While, glycemic levels for non-diabetic rats fed plant seed formulated feeds, normal or basal feeds remain within normal range. The lipid components of diabetic rats fed basal and normal feeds were elevated and are significantly different (P<.05) from those fed plant seed formulated feeds.
Conclusion: The study concluded that consumption of different varieties of Bambara groundnut seed could ameliorate hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia by a variety dependent manner.
Keywords: Bambara groundnut, seed varieties, effect, glycaemia, lipid profile, rats
Antihyperglycemic effect of turmeric aqueous root extract and morphological changes in the pancreas of alloxan-induced hyperglycemic Wistar rats
Authors: Ogenyi Samuel  I. , Imoko Ezinne , Ngokere Anthony A. , Ike Amalachukwu  O. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The study aims to evaluate the anti-hyperglycaemic effect of turmeric and the histological changes in the pancreas of adult Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: Forty adult Wistar rats were divided into four groups of [A-D] ten rats per group. Group A was normal control, group B was diabetic control, group C was treated with 300mg/kg weight of extract and group D was 500mg/kg body weight. All animals had access to food and water ad libitum. Aqueous extract of turmeric was administered orally, once daily for 14 days. The rats were then anaesthetized with dichloromethane before sacrifice and sample collection. Pancreatic tissues were processed, stained using the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) method. Blood glucose estimation was determined using the glucose oxidase method.
Results: The mean body weights of the rats across groups were not statistically significant. Similarly, blood glucose levels across groups revealed a progressive statistically significant increase from group A to D and from day one to day 17. Pairwise comparison of group A with B, C and D showed a statistically significant increase but a comparison of Group B with C and D were not significant.
Discussion: There was progressive body weight increase of the rats from day one to the final day across all groups and reduction in the blood glucose levels of the animals treated with 300mg/kg and 500mg/kg body weights, after seven days of treatment, but these, progressively increased with time even with treatment. The overall pancreas features indicate moderate inflammatory changes.
Keywords: turmeric, anti- hyperglycemia, alloxan, Wistar rats
Biochemical and resistance profile of Helicobacter pylori isolated in N’Djamena in Chad
Authors: Bessimbaye Nadlaou , Moussa Ali Mahamat , Habkréo Mayanna , Moukhtar Ali Senoussi , Ouchemi Choua 
Published: October 2021

Helicobacter pylori infection and resistance to antibiotics is a public health problem. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and rates of resistance to antibiotics used in the protocol for the management of patients with Helicobacter pylori infection.
Spanning a period from February 2020 to February 2021, it was an observational diagnostic study on gastric biopsies and stool including 97 patients admitted for endoscopy. It was carried out according to standard methods of medical microbiology.
Of 97 patients whose mean age was 46.10 years with extremes of 16 and 85 years, an infection prevalence of 60.82% was observed. 44.07% of infected patients were between 16 and 39 years old, 33.90% between 40 and 63 years old, and 22.03% between 63 and 85 years old.
Significant differences were observed between the proportions of positive (81.44%) and negative (18.56%) cultures, between infection with H. pylori (75%) and other microbial agents (25.35%) with probabilities of 0.01 and 0.02 respectively.
The most resistant antibiotics were: Metronidazole, Clarithromycin, Levofloxacin, Tetracycline and Amoxicillin with resistance rates of 74.58%, 16.95%, 13.56%, 8.47%, and 5.08% respectively. The frequencies of antibiotic resistance revealed 74.58% for Metronidazole, 16.95% for Clarithromycin, 13.56% for Levofloxacin, 8.47% for Tetracycline, and 5.08% for Amoxicillin.
This study made it possible to determine a significant proportion of H. pylori infection and to shed light on the resistance to the antibiotics used in the eradicating treatment of the bacteria. From this study, we retain that the prescription of Metronidazole is prohibited in Chad.
Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, Resistance, Antibiotic, Chad.
Comparative therapeutic evaluation of two Unani formulations in the management of Chronic Tonsillitis
Authors: Aziz Abdul , Akhtar Md. Wasi , Mannan Abdul , Aziz Yasmeen 
Published: October 2021

Chronic tonsillitis is a common disease found worldwide mostly in school going children. There are many challenges in the management of chronic tonsillitis especially in refractory cases. There are many single as well compound drugs for the management of tonsillitis which are being used for a longer duration without any known side effect. A randomized open comparative study was designed to validate the efficacy of two very commonly prescribed formulations in the patients of chronic tonsillitis viz. Laooq Sapistan Khyar Shambari and Sharbat Toot Siyah.
Laooq Sapistan Khyar Shambari 6 gm and Sharbat Toot Siyah 20 ml were given orally twice a day to the patients of Group A & Group B respectively for 6 weeks continuously. The data was compiled and statistically analyzed using chi square test and paired t-test.
In test group A, maximum benefit was seen in Sore throat (p<0.0001, χ2 =48.81), followed by Irritation in throat (p<0.0001, χ2 =17.23), Pain in throat (p<0.0001, χ2 =17.23), dry cough (p=0.0002, χ2 =14.35) and dysphagia (p=0.0076, χ2 =7.12). In test group B, maximum benefit was observed in sore throat (p=0.0076, χ2 =7.12), followed by notable improvement in irritation in throat (p=0.0014, χ2 =10.15), and pain in throat (p=0.0098, χ2 =6.67).
Although both Laooq Sapistan Khyar Shambari and Sharbat Toot Siyah are effective, but Laooq Sapistan Khyar Shambari is a better option for the management of chronic tonsillitis; as it relives most of the symptoms & signs very effectively and safely.
Keywords: Chronic tonsillitis, Unani formulation, Laooq Sapistan Khyar Shambari, Sharbat Toot Siyah
Development and Validation of a RP-HPLC Method for the Simultaneous estimation of Amoxicillin, Omeprazole and Tinidazole in fixed dose combinations
Authors: Lal Basant , Jaimini Manish , Kapoor Devesh 
Published: October 2021

New liquid chromatographic technique was established for the simultaneous estimation of tinidazole, omeprazole and amoxicillin in the fixed dose combination (HP-KIT by Sun Pharma). RP-HPLC elution has performed by using the Phenomenex Luna column (250 mm x 4.6 mm) having internal diameter and the packing material of size 5µm) in isocratic mobile phase of solution A: acetonitrile at a ratio of 80:20 v/v (Solution A consists of Buffer: Acetonitrile: Methanol: Triethylamine in the ratios of 68:22:10:0.01 respectively). The selected flow rate was kept as 1 ml/min and selected wavelength was 230 nm was for detection of the drugs in UV detector. As per the ICH guidelines, the method validation was carried out. Moreover, the different parameters of method such as precision, specificity, linearity, robustness and accuracy were established. The time of retention for the tinidazole, amoxicillin, and omeprazole were 4.021 2.324, and 7.332 minutes respectively. The RP-HPLC approach was robust and accurate, so it is appropriate for repetitive assay of drugs and quality control. This method is effectively used for the assessment of marketable dosage form preparation.
Keywords: RP-HPLC, Amoxicillin, Tinidazole, Omeprazole, Method Development, Method Validation.
Use of learning media to support resident doctor skills in obstetrics and gynecology during the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review
Authors: Bachtiar Citra Aulia , Kurniawati Eighty Mardiyan , Juwono Hermanto Tri , Utomo Budi , Rahmawati Nur Anisah 
Published: October 2021

COVID-19 is a pandemic that has spread in various countries. The health care system in hospitals is burdened with widespread infections and health problems. In addition, educational aspects, especially obstetrics and gynecology education, have problems in clinical practice. This study reviews the role of the learning media in supporting the competence of resident doctors in specialist education for obstetrics and gynecology. Narrative review is done by reviewing some literature that explores the use of media in supporting medical education competencies. The search was performed using MeSH keywords in the PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect databases. The literature used is research conducted in the last 5 years. The collected data is then arranged in a narrative manner. The challenges experienced in medical resident education, especially the focus on obstetrics and gynecology during the COVID-19 pandemic, have become a consideration for the need for innovative media so that learning can run as usual. All aspects need to ensure quality education for resident doctors because they will continue to provide health services in the future.
Keywords: Maternal health, COVID-19, Media, Obstetrics and gynecology
A Comprehensive Description on Ethnopharmacology and Therapeutics of Murdarsang: A Review
Authors: Anjum Sultana , Ahmed Sana Kauser Ateeque , Naz Farha , Khanum Saba 
Published: October 2021

Murdarsang is a mineral that contains pbo, or lead oxide is an important medicine in the Unani system of medicine (USM) due to its multiple therapeutic properties. It can be prepared manually with different methods and used in different forms. Etymologically, it is known as 'Litharge' which is derived from Greek 'Litharguros' (lithos meaning stone and arguros for silver) which forms as a 'waste' during the last stage of silver smelting. Throughout human history, lead and lead minerals have been used for medicinal purposes. Galena was used as an eye salve in pre-dynastic Egypt, as well as by the ancient Indian civilisations of Mohendro-Daro and Harappa between 3200 and 2800 BC. Dioskourides in his De Materia Medica says about lithargyros that one is made from sand called molybditis which is roasted until it is totally burned, another from silver, a third from lead. According to Unani system of medicine Murdarsang possess different properties such as Astringent, Agglutinant, mildly Detergent, Desiccant, Anti-inflammatory Refrigerant, Corrosive and Rarefying properties. It is used as a base for making ointments. It composes the drugs and reduces the intensity of their dissolution, corrosion and astringency. It also have a corrosive, Resolvent and Insecticidal action. Many pharmacological activities mentioned in Unani medicine are validated, and many activities need further exploration due to the immense therapeutic scope in this drug. The current review designed to give an overview on the historical, chemical constituents, pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Murdarsang.
Keywords: Murdarsang, Litharge, Lead oxide, Unani system of medicine.
Liposomes as Drug Delivery System: An Updated Review
Authors: Farooque Faisal , Wasi Mohd , Mughees Mohd Muaz 
Published: October 2021

The liposomes were the first Nano medicine to be accepted for clinical use. They are the spherical vesicles that possess mid empty aqueous space, which is encircled by a phospholipids bilayer. Liposomes have immense capability to prevent the degradation of drugs, reduce side effects and are thus increasingly used for targeted drug delivery. The drugs can either be incorporated inside the aqueous space (hydrophilic drugs) or inside the phospholipids bilayer (hydrophobic drugs) of liposomes for the targeted drug delivery. Considering the importance of liposomes as a drug delivery system, the present review paper tries to look into its details. The entire paper is classified into six parts. The first part is introductory. The second part discusses the classification of liposomes. In the third segment, the structural components of liposomes are detailed. The fourth portion of the paper talks about methods of preparation of liposomes. In the fifth segment, the characterization of liposomes is discussed. The sixth part discusses the application of liposomes and the last part is given to concluding observation. Literature shows distinct types of liposomes, categorized based on size, number of lipid layers, composition and preparation method. They are recently used for various nanoscale drugs formulation and a piece of concrete evidence was seen recently in recommended drug for black fungus i.e., Liposomal Amphotericin B. Although, their development and application are remaining the challenge due to costly and tedious processes involved in their production and development. Therefore, further research and development are required to perform to overcomes these challenges.
Keywords: Liposome, characterization, amphiphatic, controlled release, phospholipids
Acid Suppression Therapy for the Empirical Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients
Authors: ALAKEEL YOUSIF S , Almeshary Meshary F. , Alghamdi Mohammed A. , Faden Rawa M. 
Published: October 2021

Objective: To investigate and compare the safety and efficacy of the empirical use of Histamine-2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) and Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), for the treatment of unspecified nausea and vomiting (NV) in hospitalized children.
Methods: The retrospective cohort study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh (KAMC-R) and included pediatric patients ≤14 years who received acid suppression therapy (AST), H2RAs or PPIs, for the treatment of unspecified NV between April 30, 2018, and April 30, 2019. The primary outcome was the complete resolution of NV within three days of AST. The secondary outcomes were the frequency of rescue medication use, the number of vomiting episodes since starting the AST, and the adverse drug reactions (ADRs).
Results: Sixty-two patients were included in the study, 25 (40.3%) were in the H2RAs group and 37 (59.7%) in the PPIs group. The mean age was 3.69 ± 4.13 years, with the majority male (64.5%). Overall, 87% (n=54) of the sample had complete resolution of NV within 3 days of the AST therapy with no difference between the H2RAs and PPIs groups (p=0.344). The number of NV episodes from initiating the AST until the complete resolution was similar between the groups. In total, 14 patients (25.9%) required rescue therapy with granisetron, 6 (26.1%) in the H2RAs group compared to 8 (25.8%) in the PPIs group. There was no difference in the number of the required granisetron doses or the incidence of ADRs.
Conclusion: Both PPIs and H2RAs were effective and safe for the treatment of unspecified NV in hospitalized pediatric patients. The selection of either agent should be based on other factors.
Keywords: Pediatric; Nausea and vomiting; Proton pump inhibitor; Histamine-2-receptor antagonist; Granisetron.
The New Outlook of Monoclonal Antibodies in Neutralizing Target Cells in COVID-19
Authors: Ashwathi P , Venkateswaramurthy N , Sambath Kumar R 
Published: October 2021

Background: The deadly arrival of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in late December 2019, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged worldwide causing a pandemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) has proved ineffectiveness against existing medications this influenced the prompt identification of Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) which plays a vital role as the prophylactic application that helps in developing new interventions.
Objectives: To study the effect of mAbs in high-risk individuals in treating COVID-19.
Methodology: The recent studies related to the aim of the review were undertaken through a literature search to analyze the importance of mAbs in combating SARS-CoV-2.
Results: In several countries even though vaccines have reached the Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) people still rely on traditional medications. Besides repurposed drugs, recently many mAbs targeting S-protein of SARS-CoV-2 have been signed up for clinical trials. Currently, no specific neutralizing mAbs have been reported for SARS-CoV-2 and it may take several years for such antibodies to be readily available. The development of mAbs for preventing the SARS-CoV 2 infection is challenged by the threat of antibody-dependent enhancement, antibody-resistant against SARS-CoV-2 variants, acute respiratory infections, clinical trials and risk assessment, and inexplicable. The clinical trial data proved that there is no life-threatening Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) occurred during mAbs therapy for COVID-19 patients.
Conclusion: Establishing monoclonal antibodies will continue to be the best prophylactic application as it minimizes the risk of hospitalization in the high-risk individuals affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Keywords: COVID-19, Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)