bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pleural effusion: a potential surrogate marker for higher-risk patients with acute type B aortic dissections
Authors: Reutersberg Benedikt , Trimarchi Santi , Gilon Dan , Kaiser Clayton , Harris Kevin , Shalhub Sherene , Reece T Brett , Nienaber Christoph , Ehrlich Marek , Isselbacher Eric , De Oliveira Nilto , Montgomery Daniel , Eagle Kim , Tolva Valerio , Chen Edward P , Eckstein Hans-Henning ,   the IRAD Investigators
Published: December 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Pleural effusions (PEffs) are known to occur in type B acute aortic dissection (TBAAD). We investigated the relationship between pleural effusion and the development of early or late complications following TBAAD.

METHODS
The incidence of PEff (defined as at least an obliteration of the costophrenic angle in a frontal projection) diagnosed on their initial chest X-ray in patients with TBAAD enrolled in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection was examined. We analysed in-hospital outcomes and long-term survival separately for patients with and without PEffs (PEff+ versus PEff−, respectively).

RESULTS
Included were 1252 patients with TBAAD, of whom 224 (17.9%) had PEff. Compared with patients without PEff in the initial chest X-ray, these were significantly older [mean age 67 (SD: 14.7) vs 63.4 (SD: 14.2) years, P = 0.001] and more often female (42.4% vs 34.2%, P = 0.021) and had more comorbidities (known aortic aneurysm, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic renal failure, diabetes, congestive heart failure or mitral valve disease). PEff was associated with higher in-hospital mortality (16.1% vs 9.1%, P = 0.002) and increased rates of neurological complications (16.6% vs 11.1%, P = 0.029), acute renal failure (27.2% vs 19.7%, P = 0.017) and hypotension (17.4% vs 9.6%, P = 0.001). In addition, patients with PEff underwent aortic repair more frequently (44.6% vs 32.5%, P &lt; 0.001). In the long-term patients with PEff showed lower 5-year post-discharge survival (67.6% vs 77.6%, P = 0.004). Multivariable analysis with propensity-matched data showed that PEff was not an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality (odds ratio 1.9, 95% CI 0.8–4.4, P = 0.141).

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with TBAAD and evidence of PEff showed a higher in-hospital mortality, are more likely to develop additional in-hospital complications and have a decreased likelihood of survival during follow-up. However, according to propensity-matched analysis, PEff remained not as an independent predictor of worse outcome but might serve as an early surrogate marker to identify higher-risk patients.
Physician-modified stent graft with inner branches for treating ruptured thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Shibata Tsuyoshi , Kawaharada Nobuyoshi , Yasuhara Kiyomitsu , Naraoka Syuichi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair remains challenging in patients with high surgical risk. We report a case of TAAA in an 84-year-old woman with type Ib endoleak after thoracic endovascular aortic repair with coeliac artery coverage due to impending ruptured TAAA. A stent graft was assembled to create 3 fenestrations and sew 3 inner grafts for the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and bilateral renal arteries. This stent graft system was inserted into the thoraco-abdominal aorta and partially unsheathed until the first inner branch endograft fully expanded. The wire was used to catheterize the stent graft, inner branch, and SMA from the left upper limb, and a bridge stent was deployed from the inner branch to the SMA. A similar procedure was performed for bilateral renal arteries. The stent graft system was fully unsheathed. Postoperative computed tomography angiography revealed no endoleak and good flow of the visceral artery. The use of the physician-modified inner branched endograft system described is feasible and can make TAAA endovascular repair simpler and safer.
Sub-growth-inhibitory concentrations of omadacycline inhibit Staphylococcus aureus haemolytic activity in vitro
Authors: Serio Alisa W , Tanaka S Ken , Wright Kelly , Garrity-Ryan Lynne 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the effect of sub-growth-inhibitory concentrations of omadacycline on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 10832 haemolytic activity in vitro.

Methods
Following determination of the MICs of omadacycline and comparator antibiotics, the strain was grown in the presence of individual antibiotics and the percentage of haemolysis assayed; ‘washout’ experiments were performed with omadacycline only.

Results
Omadacycline inhibited S. aureus haemolytic activity in vitro at sub-growth-inhibitory concentrations. Inhibition was maintained at least 4 h after removal of extracellular drug.

Conclusions
Omadacycline’s in vitro potency and suppression of virulence factors might contribute to its efficacy in the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia caused by virulent strains of S. aureus. This finding could be relevant for other organisms and virulence factors that depend on new protein synthesis.
Survivorship for Individuals Living With Advanced and Metastatic Cancers: National Cancer Institute Meeting Report
Authors: Mollica Michelle A , Smith Ashley Wilder , Tonorezos Emily , Castro Kathleen , Filipski Kelly K , Guida Jennifer , Perna Frank , Green Paige , Jacobsen Paul B , Mariotto Angela , Tesauro Gina , Gallicchio Lisa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
An important and often overlooked subpopulation of cancer survivors is individuals who are diagnosed with or progress to advanced or metastatic cancer. Living longer with advanced or metastatic cancer often comes with a cost of burdensome physical and psychosocial symptoms and complex care needs; however, research is limited on this population. Thus, in May 2021, the National Cancer Institute convened subject matter experts, researchers, clinicians, survivors, and advocates for a 2-day virtual meeting. The purpose of this report is to provide a summary of the evidence gaps identified by subject matter experts and attendees and key opportunities identified by the National Cancer Institute in 5 research areas: epidemiology and surveillance, symptom management, psychosocial research, health-care delivery, and health behaviors. Identified gaps and opportunities include the need to develop new strategies to estimate the number of individuals living with advanced and metastatic cancers; understand and address emerging symptom trajectories; improve prognostic understanding and communication between providers, patients, and caregivers; develop and test models of comprehensive survivorship care tailored to these populations; and assess patient and provider preferences for health behavior discussions throughout the survivorship trajectory. To best address the needs of individuals living with advanced and metastatic cancer and to deliver comprehensive evidence-based quality care, research is urgently needed to fill evidence gaps, and it is essential to incorporate the survivor perspective. Developing such an evidence base is critical to inform policy and practice.
Politics, Strategy, and State Responses to Conflict-Generated Migration: Evidence from India
Authors: Paliwal Avinash 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWhy do states respond differently to conflict-generated migration crises across space and time? Building on valuable existing literature, this article offers a new conceptual typology of “situational strategic contexts” (SSCs). It hypothesizes that the interactions between the host state's domestic-political and international-strategic priorities generate different SSCs that shape policy responses. These contexts favor either accommodation, toleration, or repatriation of migrants and are implemented with or without support from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Sensitive to the history and future ambitions of a country, this framework demonstrates how an interplay between domestic and international-strategic logics at specific historical moments influences state behavior toward conflict-generated migration. The SSC framework is developed inductively using evidence from India, a democracy in the global south, which hosts conflict-evading migrants from many neighboring countries.
Spikelet abortion in six-rowed barley is mainly influenced by final spikelet number, with potential spikelet number acting as a suppressor trait
Authors: Kamal Roop , Muqaddasi Quddoos H , Zhao Yusheng , Schnurbusch Thorsten 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The potential to increase barley grain yield lies in the indeterminate nature of its inflorescence meristem, which produces spikelets, the basic reproductive unit in grasses that are linked to reproductive success. During early reproductive growth, barley spikes pass through the maximum yield potential—a stage after which no new spikelet ridges are produced. Subsequently, spikelet abortion (SA), a phenomenon in which spikelets abort during spike growth, imposes a bottleneck for increasing the grain yield potential. Here, we studied the potential of main culm spikes by counting potential spikelet number (PSN) and final spikelet number (FSN), and computed the corresponding SA (%) in a panel of 417 six-rowed spring barleys. Our phenotypic data analyses showed a significantly large within- and across-years genotypic variation with high broad-sense heritability estimates for all the investigated traits, including SA. Asian accessions displayed the lowest SA, indicating the presence of favourable alleles that may be exploited in breeding programs. A significantly negative Pearson’s product–moment correlation was observed between FSN and SA. Our path analysis revealed that PSN and FSN explain 93% of the observed phenotypic variability for SA, with PSN behaving as a suppressor trait that magnifies the effect of FSN. Based on a large set of diverse barley accessions, our results provide a deeper phenotypic understanding of the quantitative genetic nature of SA, its association with traits of high agronomic importance, and a resource for further genetic analyses.
A multigene approach secures hydroxy fatty acid production in Arabidopsis
Authors: Lunn Daniel , Wallis James G , Browse John 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A central goal of green chemistry is to produce industrially useful fatty acids in oilseed crops. Although genes encoding suitable fatty acid-modifying enzymes are available from more than a dozen wild species, progress has been limited because expression of these enzymes in transgenic plants produces only low yields of the desired products. For example, fatty acid hydroxylase 12 (FAH12) from castor (Ricinus communis) produces only 17% hydroxy fatty acids (HFAs) when expressed in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), compared with 90% HFAs in castor seeds. The transgenic plants also have reduced oil content and seed vigor. Here, we review experiments that have provided for steady increased HFA accumulation and oil content. This research has led to exciting new discoveries of enzymes and regulatory processes in the pathways of both seed oil synthesis and lipid metabolism in other parts of the plant. Recent investigations have revealed that HFA-accumulating seeds are unable to rapidly mobilize HFA-containing triacylglycerol (TAG) storage lipid after germination to provide carbon and energy for seedling development, resulting in reduced seedling establishment. These findings present a new opportunity to investigate a different, key area of lipid metabolism—the pathways of TAG lipolysis and β-oxidation in germinating seedlings.
Palmitic acid conjugation enhances potency of tricyclo-DNA splice switching oligonucleotides
Authors: Relizani Karima , Echevarría Lucía , Zarrouki Faouzi , Gastaldi Cécile , Dambrune Chloe , Aupy Philippine , Haeberli Adrian , Komisarski Marek , Tensorer Thomas , Larcher Thibaut , Svinartchouk Fedor , Vaillend Cyrille , Garcia Luis , Goyenvalle Aurélie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Tricyclo-DNA (tcDNA) is a conformationally constrained oligonucleotide analog that has demonstrated great therapeutic potential as antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) for several diseases. Like most ASOs in clinical development, tcDNA were modified with phosphorothioate (PS) backbone for therapeutic purposes in order to improve their biodistribution by enhancing association with plasma and cell protein. Despite the advantageous protein binding properties, systemic delivery of PS-ASO remains limited and PS modifications can result in dose limiting toxicities in the clinic. Improving extra-hepatic delivery of ASO is highly desirable for the treatment of a variety of diseases including neuromuscular disorders such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy. We hypothesized that conjugation of palmitic acid to tcDNA could facilitate the delivery of the ASO from the bloodstream to the interstitium of the muscle tissues. We demonstrate here that palmitic acid conjugation enhances the potency of tcDNA-ASO in skeletal and cardiac muscles, leading to functional improvement in dystrophic mice with significantly reduced dose of administered ASO. Interestingly, palmitic acid-conjugated tcDNA with a full phosphodiester backbone proved effective with a particularly encouraging safety profile, offering new perspectives for the clinical development of PS-free tcDNA-ASO for neuromuscular diseases.
Effects of micronutrients on the detection of extracellular superoxide produced by the harmful raphidophyte Chattonella antiqua in culture
Authors: Yamasaki Yasuhiro , Hirayama Ryunosuke , Yamamoto Akiho , Yuasa Koki , Shikata Tomoyuki 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Noxious Chattonella species cause many red tides and fish kills. The detection of extracellular O2− produced by these algae will be critical for the development of a rapid toxicity-evaluation method; however, such a development has been prevented by the mismatch of the extracellular O2− detection level between field and laboratory experiments. The aim of this study was to identify impediments to detect extracellular O2− in laboratory experiments. Our results indicate that Mn and Co in the medium decreased the detection levels of extracellular O2− produced by Chattonella antiqua, and the effect by Mn was stronger than that by Co. IC50 of the radical-scavenging activity of Mn was 17.5 μM, and little activity was detected at 8.75 μM or less. Furthermore, the level of extracellular O2− production by C. antiqua in Mn-depleted medium varied greatly under various culture conditions; the extracellular O2− production level of C. antiqua was high under conditions similar to those under which blooms develop in the field. Therefore, Mn is a key scavenger of extracellular O2−, and amounts of Mn must be carefully considered whenever extracellular O2− production levels of phytoplankton cultured with other kinds of media are measured.
The associations of plant-based food and metabolic syndrome using NHANES 2015–16 data
Authors: Jovanovic Christine E S , Hoelscher Deanna M , Chen Baojiang , Ranjit Nalini , van den Berg Alexandra E 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundConsuming a diet rich in plant-based foods (PBFs) may be protective for risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and chronic disease. However, the impact of consuming healthy versus all types of PBF on MetS is unknown.MethodsThe relationship between consumption of PBF (both healthy and all) was examined using data from the 2015 to 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The amount of PBFs consumed was calculated as average daily servings, whereas dichotomous MetS variables were based on the National Cholesterol Education Adult Program Treatment Panel III (2005). After weighting and multiple imputation, adjusted associations were examined using logistic regression and marginal probabilities.ResultsConsumption of healthy PBF was significantly associated with reduced risk for elevated waist circumference (P = 0.017; odds ratio, OR 0.96, 95% confidence interval, CI 0.94–0.98) and MetS (P = 0.006; OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93–0.99). Interactions revealed significant protective effects for females who were $\ge$ 60 years.ConclusionsIn the adjusted model, a 1-unit increase in daily servings of healthy PBF was associated with a 4% lower risk for prevalence of elevated waist circumference and a 4% decrease in risk for prevalence of MetS. Increasing consumption of PBF may offer a viable strategy for reducing risk of MetS.
Meaning making through collective argumentation: The role of students’ argumentative discourse in their exploration of the graphic relationship between a function and its anti-derivative
Authors: Swidan Osama 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aims at exploring the role of argumentation in the process of shared meaning making that occurs between students as they use digital tools to explore the concept of the indefinite integral. The study followed 11 pairs of 17-year-old students as they worked together to solve the Indefinite Integral Task with the aid of a digital tool. The study was guided by the phenomenology perspective, which considers meaning making in mathematics as a progressive disclosure of the mathematical objects at stake. The data analysis tracked and categorized the components of students’ argumentation as they progress in the meaning-making process of the indefinite integral. Our research findings revealed that the digital tool allows the students to produce evidence with which to substantiate and justify their arguments, and we also found that their frequent use of statements that built upon one another’s arguments fostered the transition between one layer of disclosure and the next one.
Molecular phylogeny supports invalidation of Didelphodiplostomum and Pharyngostomoides (Digenea: Diplostomidae) and reveals a Tylodelphys from mammals
Authors: Achatz Tyler J , Chermak Taylor P , Martens Jakson R , Woodyard Ethan T , Rosser Thomas G , Pulis Eric E , Weinstein Sara B , Mcallister Chris T , Kinsella John M , Tkach Vasyl V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Alaria, Didelphodiplostomum and Pharyngostomoides are among genera of diplostomid digeneans known to parasitize mammalian definitive hosts. Despite numerous recent molecular phylogenetic studies of diplostomids, limited DNA sequence data is available from diplostomids parasitic in mammals. Herein, we provide the first 28S rDNA and cox1 mtDNA sequences from morphologically identified, adult specimens of Didelphodiplostomum and Pharyngostomoides. Newly generated 28S sequences were used to infer the phylogenetic interrelationships of these two genera among other major lineages of diplostomoideans. The phylogeny based on 28S and a review of morphology clearly suggests that Pharyngostomoides should be considered a junior synonym of Alaria, while Didelphodiplostomum should be considered a junior synonym of Tylodelphys. Pharyngostomoides procyonis (type species), Pharyngostomoides adenocephala and Pharyngostomoides dasyuri were transferred into Alaria as Alaria procyonis comb. nov., Alaria adenocephala comb. nov. and Alaria dasyuri comb. nov.; Didelphodiplostomum variabile (type species) and Didelphodiplostomum nunezae were transferred into Tylodelphys as Tylodelphys variabilis comb. nov. and Tylodelphys nunezae comb. nov. In addition, Alaria ovalis comb. nov. (formerly included in Pharyngostomoides) was restored and transferred into Alaria based on a morphological study of well-fixed, adult specimens and the comparison of cox1 DNA sequences among Alaria spp. The diplostomid genus Parallelorchis was restored based on review of morphology.
Gluteal and Posterior Thigh Pain From a Suture Compared With an Anchor-Based Device in Patients Undergoing Sacrospinous Ligament Fixation
Authors: Plair Andre , Smith Whitney , Hines Katherine , Schachar Jeffrey , Parker-Autry Candace , Matthews Catherine 
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE:
To compare postoperative gluteal and posterior thigh pain, device performance, and perioperative complications in women undergoing sacrospinous ligament fixation with an anchor-based compared with a suture-capturing device.

METHODS:
This was a single-center, patient-blinded, parallel, superiority trial of patients undergoing native-tissue pelvic organ prolapse repair through sacrospinous ligament fixation with an anchor-based compared with suture-capturing device using randomized-block randomization. The primary outcome was the increase in gluteal and posterior thigh pain from baseline to 1-week postoperation using the numerical rating scale. Pain was also assessed at postoperative day 1, week 6, and a summarized assessment for the first postoperative week. Intraoperative device performance, home opioid pain medication use, and changes in prolapse symptom scores were also analyzed. To provide 80% power to detect a pain difference of 2.5 points between the groups with an SD of 2.8 and a 15% dropout estimate using a two-sided 5% significance level, 24 patients were required per group. Analysis with Student's t test, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and Fisher exact tests were performed as well as an analysis of covariance for the primary outcome.

RESULTS:
Between September 2018 and June 2020, 47 patients (24 anchor-based and 23 suture-capturing) were included in the study. There was no significant difference between the anchor-based and suture-capture groups in mean change in gluteal and posterior thigh pain from baseline to 1-week postoperation (−0.4, 95% CI −1.6 to 2.3). The highest pain increase from baseline during the first postoperative week was also similar between the two groups (up 4.00 and up 4.74, respectively) with no significant difference between the anchor-based and suture-capture groups (−0.7, 95% CI −1.4 to 2.8). There were no differences in changes in pain at any of the other timepoints, in opioid pain medication utilization, device performance, or in prolapse symptom scores.

CONCLUSION:
An anchor-based device did not reduce postoperative gluteal and posterior thigh pain compared with a suture-based device after sacrospinous ligament fixation.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03565640.

FUNDING SOURCE:
Supported by Neomedic via Adler Instruments. Neomedic provided funding for this principal investigator-initiated study. Funding went to providing small value gift cards to patients for study completion, office supplies for the study, and funding the data analysis collaboration with the Wake Forest Baptist Health CTSI Biostatistics Department. Neomedic did not have any direct role in study design, patient recruitment, study execution, data analysis, or manuscript writing or editing.