bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LE DROIT PENAL DES AFFAIRES ET ASSAINISSEMENT DES ACTIVITES ECONOMIQUES EN RDC
Authors: CEDRIC Christian KASONGO 
Published: May 2021

Généralement en économie classique, une idée est parfois admise, selon laquelle, « l’Economie n’a pas besoin du Droit pour se gérer ou pour faire ses preuves » Autrement « l’Economie n’a pas de morale ».
Dans cette même ligne, la fable de BERNARD MANDEVILLE vient donner effet positif à cette pensée car celle-ci se résume dans le fait que « les vices prives font les biens publics et la vertu condamne la société à la pauvreté »[1] ; d’où il faut laisser faire les commerçants et les opérateurs économiques… Cette idée est complétée par une théorie développée par le célèbre économiste ADAM SMITH, « La théorie de la main invisible », celle-ci accompagnée de la logique libérale, voudrait « qu’il faut laisser-faire les vices qui favorisent le bien-être commun ou l’intérêt général »[2].
Il ajoute dans la même logique que le marché n’a pas besoin des règles de droit car le marché s’autorégule… car le principe universel des activités économiques est basé sur la liberté de commerce et de l’industrie, qui sont aussi à leur tour résumé dans la liberté d’entreprendre.
Les activités économiques, bien que s’autorégulant, mais menées par l’homme pour l’homme, nécessitent au-delà de la logique libérale un certain ordre. Cet ordre est en effet apporté par le Droit Pénal Economique. D’où, bien que l’économie libérale exclut dans le domaine de l’économie la présence du Droit Pénal Economique car ce denier se présente comme un obstacle aux activités économiques, il faut constater aussi que cette logique libérale devient complète lorsqu’elle est adjointe à un minimum de morale et d’éthique, car l’ordre public économique et la libre concurrence comme piliers de l’économie imposent le respect d’un certain nombre de principes.
Ce respect est assuré par le Droit Pénal Economique. L’ordre étant par essence un noyau du développement, on comprend logiquement que dans son rôle d’Etat gendarme, l’Etat a toutes les raisons d’intervenir dans le domaine économique par un Droit pénal spécial spécialisée qu’est le Droit pénal des Affaires.
Economie dâ€™Ã©chelle Ã lâ€™interne et Covid-19 : Une tentative de voie de sortie en RDC
Authors: Kayiri Jean de Dieu Tsongo , Abwe AndrÃ© Shikoâ€™a 
Published: May 2021

Les pays en dÃ©veloppement sont soumis Ã des Ã©tudes approfondies pour sâ€™adapter Ã une nouvelle configuration Ã©conomique naturelle Ã la suite de la situation dâ€™autarcie imposÃ©e par la Covid-19. Cet article analyse la possibilitÃ© qui puisse exister par application dâ€™une Ã©conomie dâ€™Ã©chelle interne pour faire face aux effets Ã©conomiques de la Covid-19 en RÃ©publique DÃ©mocratique du Congo (RDC). La comparaison des variances a Ã©tÃ© faite Ã partir du test F de Fisher-Snedecor. Nâ€™Ã©tant pas Ã confondre au test exact de Fisher, cette loi a servi pour tester la participation de secteurs Ã©conomiques dans le Produit IntÃ©rieur Brut (PIB) afin dâ€™opter le secteur Ã appliquer cette Ã©conomie. Les rÃ©sultats font Ã©tant de lâ€™absence de diffÃ©rence de moyennes de secteurs Ã©conomiques, ce qui dit quâ€™aucun secteur ne contribue significativement Ã la production du pays. Pratiquement, les rÃ©sultats invitent les autoritÃ©s politiques et opÃ©rateurs Ã©conomiques Ã lâ€™application de lâ€™Ã©conomie dâ€™Ã©chelle dans un secteur de choix. Mais, si on se contentait des paramÃ¨tres de tendance centrale et de modÃ¨le Solow-Swan, il serait conseillÃ© dâ€™exploiter plus le secteur primaire accompagnÃ© du secteur tertiaire. De cette recherche, on peut noter la prÃ©sence dâ€™une limite sur la dÃ©termination des facteurs de production dâ€™ordre gÃ©nÃ©ral qui peuvent se dÃ©placer entre les secteurs et des facteurs spÃ©cifiques.
Social Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development: The Case of Social Enterprises in Azerbaijan
Authors: Aliyeva Nazila 
Published: May 2021

The social entrepreneurship theory is still in the conceptualization phase, as each country has individual specifics and approaches to define social entrepreneurship initiatives. The main objective of this paper is to explore the characteristics and backgrounds of social entrepreneurship from Azerbaijanâ€™s perspective, especially its importance in achieving Sustainable Development Goals. To fulfill the objective, there are a few main research questions defined: How do local social entrepreneurs use both business acumen and philanthropic principles to address social, cultural, and environmental challenges? How can Social Entrepreneurship contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals in Azerbaijan? A qualitative research method was used to gather data through a semi-structured questionnaire. It was found that local social enterprises change the structures and systems that create the conditions for poverty, and the development processes need to consider the link between social entrepreneurship and sustainable development. This paper has significant implications, especially for the stakeholders and policymakers. It indicates the current position of local social ventures about sustainable development and offers some global practices and experiences to improve and facilitate the process and attracts the attention of policymakers on the performance of social enterprises.
Une hyperÃ©osinophilie rÃ©vÃ©latrice dâ€™un Syndrome de CHURG et STRAUSS
Authors: Jean-Mermoze Djaha Kouassi , Mariam GbanÃ© , Mariano Hounsounou , Muriel Michozounou , KawÃ©lÃ© Coulibaly Abidou , Mohamed DiomandÃ© , Baly Ouattara , Edmond Eti 
Published: May 2021

Le syndrome de Churg et Strauss est une vascularite nÃ©crosante et granulomateuse systÃ©mique des petits et moyens vaisseaux. Nous rapportons un cas de syndrome de Churg et Strauss rÃ©vÃ©lÃ© par un asthme fÃ©brile, une polyarthralgie et une hyperÃ©osinophilie dans un contexte dâ€™altÃ©ration de lâ€™Ã©tat gÃ©nÃ©ral. La recherche dâ€™ANCA au bilan immunologique Ã©tait nÃ©gative. La biopsie cutanÃ©e nâ€™a pas montrÃ© de granulome extravasculaire. Lâ€™Ã©volution Ã©tait favorable sous traitement.

Churg-Strauss syndrome is a systemic necrotizing and granulomatous vasculitis of the small and medium vessels. We report a case of Churg-Strauss syndrome revealed by febrile asthma, polyarthralgia and eosinophilia in a context of deterioration of general condition. The ANCA research for immunologic balance sheets was negative. Skin biopsy did not show extravascular granuloma. The evolution was favorable under treatment.
Caracterisation des Agrosystemes de la Commune de Gogounou au Nord-Est du Benin par Teledetection a Moyenne Resolution Spatiale
Authors: Kindjinou AndrÃ© , Koumassi HervÃ© , Etene Cyr Gervais , Yabi IbouraÃ¯ma , Imorou IsmaÃ¯la Toko 
Published: May 2021

La tÃ©lÃ©dÃ©tection se prÃ©sente de plus en plus comme un outil prÃ©cieux dâ€™analyse des agrosystÃ¨mes en complÃ©ment des approches traditionnellement utilisÃ©es. La prÃ©sente Ã©tude vise Ã caractÃ©riser les agrosystÃ¨mes de la commune de Gogounou Ã partir des donnÃ©es de tÃ©lÃ©dÃ©tection. La mÃ©thodologie dÃ©veloppÃ©e a consistÃ© Ã lâ€™utilisation des sÃ©ries temporelles dâ€™images SPOT6 et SPOT7 (6 m de rÃ©solution spatiale) acquises sur la commune de Gogounou et des donnÃ©es secondaires issues de la base de donnÃ©es du projet OSFACO et des points GPS de 85 exploitations agricoles rÃ©parties dans la commune de Gogounou. La cartographie du domaine cultivÃ© a Ã©tÃ© rÃ©alisÃ©e Ã partir dâ€™indices spectraux dÃ©rivÃ©s des images SPOT. Trois types de systÃ¨mes agricoles ont Ã©tÃ© dÃ©terminÃ©s : les cultures vivriÃ¨res (maÃ¯s, mil, sorgho) reprÃ©sentant 66 % des zones agricoles, la culture de rente (coton) pour 13 % du secteur et les cultures mixtes (mÃ©lange de sorgho, de mil et de coton) reprÃ©sentant 21 %. Les rÃ©sultats de cette Ã©tude permettent de dÃ©gager de nouvelles pistes de couplage de tÃ©lÃ©dÃ©tection et donnÃ©es de terrain en apportant une information continue dans le temps sur la caractÃ©risation des agrosystÃ¨mes au BÃ©nin.

Remote sensing is increasingly presented as a valuable tool for analyzing agrosystems, in addition to the approaches traditionally used. The present study aims to characterize the agrosystems of the commune of Gogounou from remote sensing data. The methodology developed consisted in using the time series of SPOT6 and SPOT7 images (6 m spatial resolution) acquired in the town of Gogounou and secondary data made up of the OSFACO project database and GPS points of 85 farms spread throughout the area. Mapping of the cultivated area was carried out using spectral indices derived from SPOT images. Three types of agricultural systems were identified: food crops (maize, millet, sorghum) representing 66% of agricultural areas, cash crops (cotton) for 13% of the sector and mixed crops (mixture of sorghum, millet and cotton) representing 21%. The results of this study make it possible to identify new avenues for coupling remote sensing and field data by providing continuous information over time on the characterization of agrosystems in Benin.
Prise en Charge de la Grossesse Extra-UtÃ©rine en Situation dâ€™Urgence : ExpÃ©rience dâ€™un HÃ´pital Confessionnel en Zone Rurale au Togo
Authors: Koutora BirÃ©ga , Sakiye Kodjo Abossisso , Guinhouya DÃ©ladem Yaovi , Agbogawo Mibirim , Kanassoua Kokou Kouliwa 
Published: May 2021

Introduction : La grossesse extra-utÃ©rine (GEU) est responsable dâ€™une mortalitÃ© Ã©vitable. Le but de cette Ã©tude est de dÃ©crire la dÃ©marche diagnostique et thÃ©rapeutique de cette affection en zone rurale. MÃ©thodologie : Il sâ€™est agi dâ€™une Ã©tude transversale descriptive menÃ©e Ã lâ€™HÃ´pital de lâ€™Ordre de Malte dâ€™Elavagnon, et incluant les patientes prises en charge pour GEU du 1er DÃ©cembre 2019 au 31 DÃ©cembre 2020. RÃ©sultats : Vingt-et-huit cas ont Ã©tÃ© enregistrÃ©s avec un Ã¢ge moyen de 27,7 Â± 5,4 ans. Il sâ€™agissait dâ€™une GEU rompue dans tous les cas. Le diagnostic Ã©tait essentiellement basÃ© sur la clinique et le test de grossesse. Le traitement Ã©tait chirurgical radical dans tous les cas. Le produit sanguin le plus utilisÃ© Ã©tait le sang total. Le pronostic Ã©tait bon dans tous les cas. Conclusion : Le diagnostic de la GEU est essentiellement clinique et le traitement chirurgical en zone rurale.

Introduction : Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is responsible for preventable mortality. The aim of this study is to describe the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of this disease in rural zone. Methodology : Transversal study including patients treated for EP at Elavagnon Â« Ordre de Malte Â» Hospital, from 1st December 2019 to 31st December 2020. Results : Twenty-eight cases were registered with an average age of 27.7 Â± 5.4 years old. The EP was ruptured in all cases. The diagnosis was mainly based on clinic and the pregnancy test. The treatment was radical surgery in all cases. The most used blood product was whole blood. The prognosis was good in all cases. Conclusion : EP diagnosis is mainly clinic and the treatment surgical in rural zone.
L'amÃ©nagement Ã‰cologique au Service de l'environnement : Cas de la Ville de Gabes et de M'Torrech (Sud Est Tunisien)
Authors: Saoussen Saied , Karim Lahmar 
Published: May 2021

La ville de GabÃ¨s (sud est Tunisien) est parmi les zones les plus touchÃ©es par une forte anthropisation. Les formes de pollutions atmosphÃ©riques ou continentales engendrÃ©es par les populations de cette ville, incitent Ã penser Ã des formes de corrections, Ã travers la proposition dâ€™un Ã©ventuel projet dâ€™amÃ©nagement Ã©cologique dans lequel lâ€™environnement serait pris en compte. Cette Ã©tude propose une approche dâ€™amÃ©nagement Ã©cologique en guise de modÃ¨le pour les amÃ©nagements. La mÃ©thodologie adoptÃ©e est basÃ©e premiÃ¨rement sur une Ã©tude documentaire suivie dâ€™une analyse des donnÃ©es. Puis, des logiciels de conception en 2d, de modÃ©lisation en 3d et de cartographie ont Ã©tÃ© utilisÃ©s pour concevoir un plan dâ€™amÃ©nagement Ã©cologique. Il ressort de cette Ã©tude que la pollution anthropique causÃ©e essentiellement par le Groupe Chimique Tunisien (GCT) de la localitÃ© de GabÃ¨s-ville et de Mâ€™Torrech engendre un danger potentiel sur la population (soit des maladies dermatologiques, respiratoire et allergÃ©niques). Le plan dâ€™amÃ©nagement Ã©cologique proposÃ© aiderait les localitÃ©s en question Ã diminuer lâ€™effet de cette pollution. Les rÃ©sultats mettent lâ€™accent sur le danger de la pollution anthropique dans la rÃ©gion.

The city of Gabes (south-east of Tunisia) is among the areas most affected by strong anthropization. The forms of pollution recorded either atmospheric or continental encourage us to think better about forms of corrections. This could be in the form of an eco-landscaping project. The objective of this work is to provide a form of reflection on the possibility of intervening by setting up a project in which the environment is taken into consideration. In this study we try to focus on the present situation in relation to this issue. The adopted methodology is based firstly on a documentary study followed by data analysis. Then we try to come up with a design for an ecolandscaped park using photography, 2d design, 3d modeling and mapping software. Results obtained gave a more sustainable eco-landscaped development model. It emerges from this study that anthropogenic pollution caused mainly by the Tunisian Chemical Group (GCT) of the locality of GabÃ¨s-ville and Mâ€™Torrech generates a potential danger for the population (dermatological, respiratory and allergenic diseases). The proposed ecological development plan would help the localities in question to reduce the effect of this pollution. The results highlight the danger of anthropogenic pollution in the region.
Les contraintes socio-environnementales du manque dâ€™eau potable au sein des villages Avikam du cordon littoral de Grand-Lahou (CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire)
Authors: Prisca Dadi Reine 
Published: May 2021

Lâ€™objectif du prÃ©sent article est dâ€™analyser les contraintes socioenvironnementales qui font obstacle Ã lâ€™accÃ¨s Ã lâ€™eau potable au sein des villages Avikam du cordon littoral de Grand-Lahou. Les contraintes ici reprÃ©sentent un ensemble de rÃ©alitÃ©s naturelles, Ã©conomiques, organisationnelles, matÃ©rielles et morales qui entravent le processus dâ€™acquisition en eau potable. Cet article, sâ€™inscrivant dans une approche qualitative, a mobilisÃ© des techniques de recueils de donnÃ©es telles que : lâ€™Ã©tude documentaire, lâ€™entretien semi-directif, lâ€™observation et l'Ã©chantillonnage. La mÃ©thode par choix raisonnÃ© a permis de sÃ©lectionner les 40 personnes enquÃªtÃ©es. Il ressort de cette Ã©tude que les contraintes socioenvironnementales qui entravent lâ€™accÃ¨s Ã lâ€™eau potable au sein des villages Avikam du cordon littoral de Grand-Lahou sont : le refus de lâ€™Ã‰tat Ã investir Ã perte, lâ€™attachement des populations Ã leur patrimoine ancestral, lâ€™enclavement de lâ€™espace, lâ€™Ã©rosion cÃ´tiÃ¨re, lâ€™absence de voie terrestre et la proximitÃ© des villages aux sources dâ€™eau naturelles.

The objective of this article is to analyze the socio-environmental constraints that obstruct access to drinking water in the Avikam villages of the coastal barrier of Grand-Lahou. The constraints here represent a set of natural, economic, organizational, material and moral realities that hinder the process of acquiring drinking water. While subscribing to a qualitative approach, data collection techniques such as: documentary study, semi-structure interview, observation and sampling were used. The reasoned choice method made it possible to select the 40 resource people surveyed. It emerges from this study that the socio-environmental constraints which hinder access to drinking water in the Avikam villages of the coastal barrier of Grand-Lahou are, the refusal of the state to invest at a loss, the attachment populations to their ancestral heritage, the isolation of space, coastal erosion, lack of land and the proximity of villages to natural water sources.
SÍNDROME DE MUNCHAUSEN RELACIONADA À CALCULOSE URINÁRIA NÃO METABÓLICA: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Gonçalves Bruno Marinho , Geraldo Moitinho Beatriz , Alarcon Pinto Gustavo , Ferreira Martins de Andrade Enrico , Ismael Flavia 
Published: May 2021

The term Munchausen Syndrome (MS) was first described in 1951 by Asher to characterize individuals who intentionally produce signs and symptoms of a disease. People with this syndrome pretend to be sick and tend to look for treatment, without secondary gain, in different health services. A report of an 18-year-old woman in renal lithiasis research is reported and, at the end of the investigation, it was concluded that the "stones" were not of renal origin. The MS is rare and promotes massive health care spending, with unnecessary and costly examinations, exposing patients to iatrogenics. An underdiagnosed disease with little knowledge of health professionals.
Key-words: Munchausen Syndrome; Urinary calculosis; Iatrogeny.
NEOPLASIA FOLICULAR E CARCINOMA PAPILÍFERO EM UMA MESMA TIREOIDE: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Fraga Carvalho Caiã Cabral , Hanauer Bruna , Pimentel Rodrigues Gleidson , Da Costa Andrade Nayara , Vinícius Oliveira Iago , Maia Junior Reginaldo 
Published: May 2021

RESUMO
Neoplasias malignas da tireóide correspondem ao tipo mais comum de câncer endócrino. Dentre os diferentes subtipos histológicos, os mais comuns são os carcinomas papilares, seguidos dos carcinomas foliculares. A ocorrência de “tumores de colisão” na tireoide é rara, e a associação aumenta os riscos de metastatização linfática e hematogênica. A condução de “tumores de colisão” na tireoide é geralmente complexa e a literatura sobre esses casos é escassa, sendo usualmente guiada pelo subtipo mais agressivo. O tratamento cirúrgico com terapia adjuvante guiado pela histologia e pelo estado do paciente é a recomendação. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente com queixa de nódulos tireoidianos palpáveis associado a pigarro recorrente há 1 mês, e que ao exame físico apresentava múltiplos nódulos em toda a topografia da tireoide, com aumento difuso da glândula. O estudo anatomopatológico evidenciou um “tumor de colisão” em tireoide, que apresentou-se histologicamente como carcinoma folicular e papilar.
Palavras-chave: Tireoide; carcinoma; tumor de colisão.

ABSTRACT
Malignant thyroid neoplasms are the most common type of endocrine cancer. Among the different histological subtypes, the most common are papillary carcinomas, followed by follicular carcinomas. The occurrence of thyroid “collision tumors” is rare, and the association increases the risks of lymphatic and hematogenous metastatization. The conduction of “collision tumors” in the thyroid is generally complex and the literature on these cases is scarce and usually guided by the more aggressive subtype. Surgical treatment with adjuvant therapy guided by histology and patient status is the recommendation. We report the case of a patient complaining of palpable thyroid nodules associated with recurrent throat clearing for 1 month, and on physical examination presented multiple nodules throughout the thyroid topography, with diffuse enlargement of the gland. The anatomopathological study showed a “collision tumor” in the thyroid, which presented histologically as follicular and papillary carcinoma.
Key-words: Thyroid; carcinoma; collision tumor.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS ACIDENTES POR ANIMAIS PEÇONHENTOS NO TOCANTINS NO ANO DE 2019
Authors: PEREIRA RODRIGUES ALLAN EDUARDO , De Sousa Barbosa Patrícia , Leite Bitencourt Evandro , Cristina Batista Karen , Stéfanny da Costa Kassya , Martins Gonçalves Ribeiro Sávia , Rodrigues Silva6 João Marcos , Martins Reis Júnior Paulo 
Published: May 2021

Introdução: A região norte do Brasil registrou 21.106 acidentes com animais peçonhentos em 2019, desses 4.937 ocorreram no Estado do Tocantins. Os acidentes com serpentes ocorrem mais frequentemente no campo, enquanto os com escorpiões e aranhas têm característica urbana.
Objetivos: O estudo objetiva aprofundar o conhecimento sobre as agressões sofridas pelo homem por esses animais, no intuito de demonstrar os principais agressores, características e evolução das agressões.
Método: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, de caráter quantitativo e retrospectivo, pautado em dados secundários, extraídos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação – SINAN-Net.
Resultados: A sazonalidade acontece de outubro até janeiro, com o mês de janeiro como o mais notificado, com 537 casos (10,87%) seguido pelo mês de outubro com 457 (9,25%). 3.700 (74,94%) dos casos notificados foram de pessoas da raça parda. O sexo masculino foi responsável por 3.009 notificações (60,95%). Do total de acidentes, 2.130 casos (43,14%) foram atendidos na primeira hora do acidente. Sobre a natureza do acidente, 1.906 casos (38,6%) foram acidentes ocorridos por escorpiões e com relação a espécie das serpentes, a espécie Bothrops foi responsável por 587 casos (65,51%). Com relação a evolução dos casos, 4.440 (89,93%) evoluíram pra cura.
Conclusão: O número alto de notificações pela espécie Brothopus, evidencia a importância do conhecimento desta pela população em geral. É necessário estratégias de educação em saúde e políticas públicas voltadas para grupos de riscos a fim de corroborar com prevenção e diminuição do número de acidentes.
Syringobulbia in a Setting of Charcot Arthropathy of the Elbow Secondary to Syringomyelia
Authors: Gandbhir Viraj N. , Dussa Kumar , Gujar Harshad , Parekh Aseem 
Published: May 2021

Case:
The authors present a case of syringobulbia in a setting of elbow arthropathy due to syringomyelia. The patient had painless elbow instability with subtle neurological findings such as ulnar neuropathy, palatal palsy, and dysphonia. As she denied surgery, she was managed with physiotherapy and orthosis. At 24 months of follow-up, she had good clinical outcome without neurological or functional worsening.

Conclusion:
Many patients with neuropathic joints due to syringomyelia present to an orthopaedician before a neurologist. A high index of suspicion and thorough neurological examination is essential. Conservative management of such a joint provided good results in this patient.
Periacetabular Osteotomy and Femoral Head Allograft for Hip Dysplasia and Femoral Head Cyst
Authors: Daud Anser , Safir Oleg A. , Gross Allan , Kuzyk Paul R. T. 
Published: May 2021

Case:
A 34-year-old woman with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) presented with chronic left hip pain related to a femoral head cyst. The patient strongly preferred a joint-preserving option. Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) has shown reliable options for managing DDH, and femoral head fresh osteochondral allograft (FOCA) can be performed for cysts. We performed these procedures concomitantly for the first time. At 1-year follow-up, the patient had functional, pain-free motion and high satisfaction.

Conclusion:
PAO and femoral head FOCA can be performed concomitantly with a common, anterior hip approach. They are a viable, joint-preserving option for patients with DDH and osteochondral lesions.
A Rare Case of Periprosthetic Joint Infection Caused by a Periodontal Pathogen, Slackia exigua
Authors: Brzezinski Andrzej , Mennona Steven , Imbergamo Casey , Brzezinska Katarzyna , Kayiaros Stephen 
Published: May 2021

Case:
A 72-year-old woman with a history of right total hip arthroplasty and subsequent revision 18 years ago developed right hip periprosthetic joint infection with significant bone destruction caused by Slackia exigua. She underwent a dental cavity filling without prophylactic antibiotics before presentation that may have contributed to development of the infection. The patient required total hip revision and prolonged antibiotic therapy to eradicate the bacteria.

Conclusion:
This case is an example that certain high-risk patients undergoing invasive dental procedures are at risk of developing prosthetic joint infection.