bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vocational teachers’ perspective toward Technological Pedagogical Vocational Knowledge
Authors: Rahmawati Anis , Suryani Nunuk , Akhyar Muhammad , Sukarmin Sukarmin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe character of current students who are technology-savvy and the fast development of educational technology raises challenges for teachers to take advantage of these conditions to make learning effective. Technological, Pedagogical, Vocational Knowledge (TPVK) come as a framework for the effective use of technology in teaching and learning in vocational fields. This research aimed to capture the Indonesian secondary vocational non-Information and communications technology (ICT) teachers’ perspective toward TPVK for 21stCentury Learning (CL). Research with a mixed-method approach was conducted during the second semester in the 2019/2020 academic year. Sixty-five secondary vocational building engineering teachers from nine schools located in Central Java, Indonesia were recruited as survey respondents. The instrument used was a self-assessment questionnaire, lesson plan rubric, and observational protocol enriched with interview protocol. Results from this study show that the in-service vocational teacher shows readiness for TPVK 21stCL at the intermediate level. The TPVK component with the highest mean point is Pedagogical knowledge, while the lowest point is on the Vocational knowledge component. The lesson plan prepared by teachers and learning practiced performed by teachers showed less fitness of technology integration in learning with the strategies and objectives of the curriculum.
Psychological factors of the transfer of control in an automated vehicle
Authors: Odachowska Ewa , Ucińska Monika , Kruszewski Mikołaj , Gąsiorek Kamila 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In accordance with the requirements of the NHTSA guidelines on Level 3 automation, the comfortable control transition times is about 40 seconds. The data obtained so far are consistent with the assumption that the situation is better when drivers receive a warning about critical events than when they have to take over control unexpectedly. How these variables are shaped in the presence of distractors and what influences psychological factors have on these aspects remains unknown. For this purpose, a research experiment was developed in which control was taken over when the driver was additionally forced to perform the indicated activity (e.g. by looking away from the road), or when road conditions made it impossible to focus on the road. Psychological (temperament) and psychomotor variables (reaction time, hand–eye coordination) were controlled. The study was conducted on active road traffic participant drivers (N=95). Not only the time of taking control was analyzed, but also the way that may have a significant impact on road safety. The results revealed a significant influence of distractors on the manner control is taken over. In the conditions without distractors, the subjects were more likely to take over control than to cause automatic braking.
Recontextualization and language change
Authors: von Mengden Ferdinand , Kuhle Anneliese 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces the concept of ‘recontextualization’ and its benefit for the study of language change. ‘Recontextualization’ refers to the use of familiar material, such as tools or gestures, which extend the body in variable contexts of behaviour. The concept is related to notions already established in other fields, such as primatology and anthropology. We claim that these parallels are meaningful as they represent an overarching principle which underlies the emergence of linguistic structures but which also connects linguistic usage with other types of behaviour and interaction. We thereby argue against notions of context-independent form-meaning pairings in language, which require assumptions like innovation or reanalysis as mechanisms of usage and, ultimately, change. In this sense, we concur with usage-based approaches that define the linguistic expression as inherently vague, underspecified and variable. But we further argue that the emergence and, as a consequence, the empirically observable properties of any linguistic structure are to be accounted for by speakers usingthe samematerial in novel contexts or situations. Any such ‘recontextualization’ then creates, in turn, new options for the re-use of a linguistic construction. The underlying categorizations, which typically form part of the linguistic descriptions, pertain to the reality of the observer (the linguist) and not primarily to that of the speaker.
Ligand-modulated electron transfer rates from CsPbBr3 nanocrystals to titanium dioxide
Authors: Liu Xiaochun , Zhao Haifeng , Wei Linfeng , Ren Xinjian , Zhang Xinyang , Li Faming , Zeng Peng , Liu Mingzhen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In most perovskite nanocrystal (PeNC)-based optoelectronic and photonic applications, surface ligands inevitably lead to a donor–bridge–acceptor charge transfer configuration. In this article, we demonstrate successful modulation of electron transfer (ET) rates from all-inorganic CsPbBr3 PeNCs to mesoporous titanium dioxide films, by using different surface ligands including single alkyl chain oleic acid and oleylamine, cross-linked insulating (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane and aromatic naphthoic acid molecules as the ligand-bridge. We systematically investigated the ET process through time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. Calculations verified the ligand-bridge barrier effect of the three species upon the ET process. Transient absorption measurements excluded carrier-delocalization effect of the naphthoic acid ligands and confirmed the bridge-barrier effect. Our work provides a perspective for composable and appropriate ligands design for diverse practical purposes.
The Defence Needs of Azerbaijani Armed Forces for Peace, Security, and Stability
Authors: Baig Muhammad Ali 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Azerbaijan is a peace-loving country and a cooperative member of the United Nations Organization. Being a sovereign member of the international community, it has all the rights and privileges entitled to a state. However, the claims of neighbouring Armenia driven by irredentism and revanchism over the contested region of Nagorno Karabakh have led to numerous conflicts between the two. Having the role of ensuring Azerbaijan’s political integrity and sovereign status, the role of its armed forces is demanding yet challenging. This article is geared towards analysing the operational capabilities of Azerbaijani Armed Forces with a special focus on equipment, doctrine, and command and control platforms. It also assesses and prescribes the necessary and immediate needs to deter the threats and to thwart any military conflict. It theorises the potential of Azerbaijan-Pakistan defence relations. Finally, it aspires to take a structural approach in explaining the state behaviour and the relevance of security in contemporary times.
Doppelte Haltelinie und steigende Pflegebeitragssätze – ein impliziter Bundeszuschuss zur Pflegeversicherung der RentnerInnen
Authors: Hagist Christian , Seuffert Stefan 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die „doppelte Haltelinie“ in der Gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung (GRV) bewirkt eine Verknüpfung zwischen GRV und Sozialer Pflegeversicherung (SPV), sodass Beitragssatzänderungen in der SPV in Zukunft die Ausgabenstruktur der GRV beeinflussen. Stefan Seuffert und Christian Hagist beschreiben den zugrundeliegenden Wirkungsmechanismus und zeigen auf, dass die Beibehaltung der „doppelten Haltelinie“ über 2025 hinaus der Einführung eines SPV-Bundeszuschusses zur Entlastung der RentnerInnenpopulation gleichkäme. Bereits die Änderung der Sozialversicherungsbeitragssätze zum 1. Januar 2019 bedeutet in Kombination mit der „doppelten Haltelinie“ jährliche Mehrausgaben in der GRV von etwa 2 Milliarden Euro ab dem Jahr 2024. Eine Ausweitung der „doppelten Haltelinie“ über 2025 hinaus hätte aufgrund steigender Ausgaben in der SPV einen realen impliziten SPV-Bundeszuschuss zur Folge, der bis 2060 auf rund 9 Milliarden Euro pro Jahr ansteigen würde.
Electronic word-of-mouth marketing on Amazon: Exploring how and to what extent Amazon reviews affect sales
Authors: D'Arbelles Kristine , Berry Pauline , Theyyil Ashika 
Published: March 2021

Consumers today base many of their decisions on peer referrals and online reviews. With the omnipresence of social media and online reviews, electronic word-of-mouth marketing (eWOM) has become a priority for many companies for both business growth and reputational management. The objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of eWOM and its impact on sales. This study also seeks to help organizational leaders understand the significance of eWOM and its role in effective consumer and stakeholder relations, and in overall brand management. The researchers of this project explored eWOM by examining Amazon reviews from two different Kickstarter companies to determine which elements of online reviews impact product sales. By overlaying Amazon review data and sales figures from each Kickstarter company, researchers were able to determine the review factors that companies should focus on to increase their sales and grow their brands. The results of this study show that products with a high volume of positive reviews made by verified purchasers positively correlate to product sales.

Keywords: electronic word-of-mouth marketing, Amazon, online reviews, Kickstarter, sales, reputational management, brand reputation, online reputation management
Skeletal Muscle Mass and Fat Mass Relationships With Physical Fitness Test Performance in Law Enforcement Recruits Before Academy
Authors: Lockie Robert G. , Carlock Blake N. , Ruvalcaba Tomas J. , Dulla Joseph M. , Orr Robin M. , Dawes J. Jay , McGuire Megan B. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Lockie, RG, Carlock, BN, Ruvalcaba, TJ, Dulla, JM, Orr, RM, Dawes, JJ, and McGuire, MB. Skeletal muscle mass and fat mass relationships with physical fitness test performance in law enforcement recruits before academy. J Strength Cond Res 35(5): 1287–1295, 2021—The purpose of this study was to analyze relationships between skeletal muscle mass percentage (SMM%) and fat mass percentage (FM%) relative to fitness test performance in law enforcement recruits. Retrospective analysis was conducted on 338 recruits (271 men and 67 women) from 4 academy classes. Skeletal muscle mass percentage and FM% were measured using cost-effective and practical bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) equipment that used hand and foot placement. The fitness tests included grip strength; vertical jump; 75-yard pursuit run; 2-kg medicine ball throw (MBT); push-ups and sit-ups completed in 60 seconds; and the 20-m multistage fitness test. Partial correlations controlling for sex-derived relationships between SMM%, FM%, and the tests. Recruits were split into quartile groups for SMM% and FM% (group 1 had the lowest SMM% or highest FM% and group 4 the highest SMM% or lowest FM%). A 1-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), with sex as a covariate and Bonferroni post-hoc, compared between-group results. Skeletal muscle mass percentage correlated with all fitness tests expect for MBT; FM% with all but grip strength and MBT (r = ±0.107–0.293). Greater SMM% or lesser FM% tended to relate to better fitness test performance. The MANOVA data indicated groups 3 and 4 (better SMM% or FM% profiles) exhibited superior fitness than group 1 (poorest SMM% or FM% profile) (p ≤ 0.048). Recruits should ideally increase SMM% and decrease FM% before academy to optimize fitness training and testing performance, although specific guidelines should be agency specific. Staff could use BIA to monitor body composition during academy to indicate how recruits are tolerating training.
Exploring the Utility of Performing a Down Set as a Postactivation Potentiation Strategy
Authors: Wong Hanson , Gentles Jeremy , Bazyler Caleb , Ramsey Michael 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Wong, H, Gentles, J, Bazyler, C, and Ramsey, M. Exploring the utility of performing a down set as a postactivation potentiation strategy. J Strength Cond Res 35(5): 1217–1222, 2021—The purpose of this study was to determine if successive heavy sets of back squats can augment the concentric velocity of a lighter down set performed by strength-trained men. Twelve trained men with experience in the back squat volunteered to perform a 5 repetition maximum (5RM) along with 2 separate squat sessions consisting of 3 sets of 5 repetitions with 85% of their 5RM. One condition involved performing a “down set” (DS) after the 3 working sets at 85% of 5RM equivalent to 60% of the working-set load that was also performed during the warm-up. A “No down set” condition involved performing an additional warm-up set before the working sets with 60% of the working-set load instead of the down set to determine if velocity was augmented because of postactivation potentiation in the DS condition. In both conditions, 3 minutes of rest was applied between all sets. A paired sample t-test was used to compare the mean concentric velocities (MCVs) of the working sets of both conditions, and a repeated measures analysis of variance was used to assess differences in MCVs between sets performed at 60% of the working-set load. Cohen's d effect sizes were reported for all comparisons, and the critical alpha was set at p ≤ 0.05. No significant differences were observed in the working-set MCVs in both conditions (p = 0.412, d = 0.246) or between MCVs in the down set and equivalent warm-up set load in the DS condition (p = 0.270, d = 0.002).Although performing a down set may still be efficacious for developing power across a broad spectrum of loads, the results of this study suggest successive heavy sets of back squats do not acutely augment down set concentric velocity in strength-trained men.
Prescribing Exercise in Early-Stage Breast Cancer During Chemotherapy: A Simple Periodized Approach to Align With the Cyclic Phases of Chemotherapy
Authors: Bigaran Ashley , Howden Erin J. , Foulkes Steve , Janssens Kristel , Beaudry Rhys I. , Haykowsky Mark J. , La Gerche Andre , Fraser Steve F. , Selig Steve E. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Bigaran, A, Howden, EJ, Foulkes, S, Janssens, K, Beaudry, R, Haykowsky, MJ, La Gerche, A, Fraser, SF, and Selig, SE. Prescribing exercise in early-stage breast cancer during chemotherapy: a simple periodized approach to align with the cyclic phases of chemotherapy. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2934–2941, 2022—To evaluate whether a periodized aerobic and resistance training plan aligned to the anthracycline chemotherapy (AC) cycles would be well tolerated, feasible, and attenuate the decline in peak oxygen uptake (V̇o
2peak) in breast cancer (BC) patients. Twenty-eight women with early-stage BC treated with AC self-selected to undertake exercise training (EX 47 ± 9 years, n = 14) or usual care (53 ± 9 years, n = 14) for 12 weeks as part of a nonrandomized controlled trial. The periodized EX was aligned to the cyclic phases of AC, including AC taper and nontaper weeks. Outcome measures included cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Attendance and adherence variables (relative dose intensity [RDI] and volume load) were calculated to quantify the dose of EX completed relative to the amount of EX prescribed. The mean session attendance was 76% (range 46–88%). The mean ± SD prescribed and completed dose of aerobic training was 332.3 ± 48.7 MET h·wk−1 and 380.6 ± 53.2 MET h·wk−1 (p = 0.02), equating to a mean RDI of 89 ± 17%. For resistance training, the prescribed and completed cumulative dose was 128,264 ± 54,578 and 77,487 ± 26,108 kg (p < 0.001), equating to an RDI of 60 ± 11%. Adherence to the AC taper week RDI (52 ± 14%) for resistance training was significantly lower than the non-AC taper week (72 ± 8%, p = 0.02). The most frequent cause for EX interruption was hospitalization (35%), whereas AC-related illness was the most common cause for missed (57%) or modified EX sessions (64%). This periodized approach was mostly well tolerated for patients with BC. We speculate that a periodized approach may be both more palatable and useful, although this requires further investigation in a randomized controlled trial.
Effect of Competitive Status and Experience on Heart Rate Variability Profiles in Collegiate Sprint-Swimmers
Authors: Flatt Andrew A. , Hornikel Bjoern , Nakamura Fabio Y. , Esco Michael R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Flatt, AA, Hornikel, B, Nakamura, FY, and Esco, MR. Effect of competitive status and experience on heart rate variability profiles in collegiate sprint-swimmers. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2898–2904, 2022—Interindividual differences in training history may be a determinant of heart rate variability (HRV) profiles in collegiate sprint-swimmers and may account for differences observed between elite and subelite athletes. We therefore compared HRV profiles among national-level and conference-level sprint-swimmers while accounting for individual swim-training history. Twenty-eight short-distance swimmers (18 men and 10 women) recorded postwaking HRV throughout a 4-week standardized training period. The 4-week mean (M) and coefficient of variation (CV, a marker of daily fluctuation) were calculated for resting heart rate (RHR) and the natural logarithm of the root mean square of successive differences (LnRMSSD). Swimmers were categorized as national-level (n = 12) or conference-level (n = 16) competitors. Years of competitive experience was documented for each individual to index training history. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. No sex-related differences were observed for any variables (p > 0.05). LnRMSSDM (effect size [ES] = 0.95), LnRMSSDCV (ES = −1.18), RHRCV (ES = −1.05), and competitive experience (ES = 1.23) differed between status groups (p < 0.05). Accounting for multicollinearity between competitive experience and LnRMSSD variables (p < 0.05), competitive experience remained associated with LnRMSSDM (r = 0.44, p = 0.02). With competitive experience included as a covariate, differences in LnRMSSDM between status groups disappeared (p > 0.05, ES = 0.31). National-level swimmers exhibit higher and more stable LnRMSSD than that of their conference-level teammates throughout standardized training. Differences in trend characteristics were attributed to training age. This information may assist practitioners with interpreting interindividual differences in HRV profiles throughout training periods among a mixed roster of athletes.
O historiador, a feiticeira e o nativo: reflexões em torno de uma pretensa “caça às bruxas”
Authors: Santos Marcos Paulo Amorim 
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo refletir sobre os artifícios para nomeação, entendimento e perseguição de bruxas e feiticeiras em dois diferentes períodos históricos. Utilizando de metodologias próprias à história comparada, selecionei alguns documentos, tanto produzidos pelo Vaticano ou por notórios inquisidores europeus– incluindo textos de meados do século VI até meados do século XIV -, bem como documentos que constituíram ou fomentaram políticas de Estado para a construção sul-africana nos primeiros anos do século XX. Apesar das diferenças entre esses documentos, pretendo investigar a permanência do “medo das bruxas”, que se inicia na Europa e pode ter reverberado em algumas colônias em África, bem como refletir sobre como as acusações de bruxas e feiticeiras podem ser indícios de outras latentes questões sociais em diferentes períodos históricos. Palavras-Chave: História Comparada; Inquisição; Colonialismo; Feitiçaria. AbstractThis paper aims to reflect on the devices for naming, understanding, and persecuting witches and wizards in two different historical periods. Using typical methodologies of comparative history, I selected some documents, either produced by the Vatican or by notorious European inquisitors - including texts from the mid-sixth to the mid-fourteenth centuries - and documents that constituted or fostered state policies for the South Africa construction at the beginning of the twentieth century. Despite the differences between these documents, my intention is to investigate the permanence of the “fear of witches,” which begins in Europe and may have reverberated in some colonies in Africa. These accusations of witches and sorceries could be signs of others latent social issues must also be considered in different historical periods.Keywords: Comparative History; Inquisition; Colonialism; Sorcery.
Rizicultura em Santa Catarina: um panorama sobre cultura, problemas socioambientais e o PROVÁRZEAS
Authors: Bosignari Vinícius 
Published: March 2021

A rizicultura é uma atividade econômica importante para o estado de Santa Catarina. Seu estudo dentro de uma perspectiva histórica é fundamental para compreender o envolvimento do plantio do arroz com a cultura, com o PROVÁRZEAS - Programa Nacional para Aproveitamento de várzeas Irrigáveis, e principalmente com os impactos socioambientais ocorridos pelo cultivo do arroz. O presente trabalho desenvolveu pesquisas bibliográficas através de jornais eletrônicos, artigos acadêmicos, livros e monografias para apresentar um panorama a respeito do arroz a partir do PROVÁRZEAS. Através da pesquisa, podem-se perceber as inúmeras festas relativas ao arroz, além de possibilitar uma discussão sobre os impactos causados pelo PROVÁRZEAS como: desmatamento de matas ciliares e contaminação de águas subterrâneas e lagoas através do uso intenso de agrotóxicos.Palavras-chave: Rizicultura; Santa Catarina; História; Meio ambiente. AbstractRice growing is an important economic activity for the state of Santa Catarina. Its study from a historical perspective is fundamental to understand the involvement of rice planting with the culture, with PROVÁRZEAS - National Program for the Use of Irrigable floodplains, and mainly with the socio-environmental impacts occurred by rice cultivation. The present work developed bibliographic research through electronic newspapers, academic articles, books and monographs to present an overview about rice from PROVÁRZEAS. Through the research, one can perceive the countless festivals related to rice, in addition to enabling a discussion on the impacts caused by PROVÁRZEAS such as: deforestation of riparian forests and contamination of groundwater and ponds through the intense use of pesticides.Keywords: Rice Farming; Santa Catarina; History; Environment.