bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Bottom Ash Sebagai Bahan Substitusi Agregat Halus Terhadap Kekuatan Beton
Authors: Posedung Agnes Claudia , Phengkarsa Frans , Sandy Desi 
Published: May 2021

Bottom ash merupakan hasil sisa pembakaran batu bara yang dapat bermanfaat untuk pemanfaatan penyusun campuran beton. Pada penelitian ini bottom ash digunakan sebagai bahan substitusi agregat halus dalam pembuatan beton. Bottom ash memiliki ukuran butir lebih besar dan lebih berat dengan karakteristik berwarna abu-abu gelap. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kekuatan beton yang menggunakan bottom ash sebagai bahan substitusi agregat halus. Persentase penggunaan bottom ash sebagai bahan substitusi agregat halus sebesar 0%, 25% dan 35%. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Teknologi Bahan Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus Benda uji yang digunakan berupa silinder ukuran diameter 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm sebanyak 36 buah. Pengujian yang dilakukan berupa pengujian kuat tekan, uji kuat tarik belah dan uji modulus elastisitas dengan mutu beton rencana 30 MPa. Dari hasil penelitian, untuk hasil uji kuat tekan diperoleh variasi bottom ash optimum pada penggunaan bottom ash 35% dengan kuat tekan sebesar 33,764 MPa pada umur 28 hari, pengujian kuat tarik belah diperoleh variasi bottom ash optimum pada penggunaan bottom ash 35% dengan kuat tarik belah sebesar 3,253 MPa pada umur 28 hari sedangkan nilai modulus elastisitas tertinggi diperoleh pada penambahan bottom ash 35% yaitu sebesar 27332.0255 Mpa. Dan diperoleh persentase hubungan kuat tarik belah untuk variasi bottom ash 0%, 25% dan 35% berturut-turut sebesar 8,007%, 8,983% dan 9,635% dari kuat tekan. Nilai tersebut memenuhi atau sesuai dengan yang ditentukan yaitu rata-rata berkisar antara 7% hingga 11% dari kuat tekannya dengan rata-rata berkisar 9 %. Dari variasi bottom ash yaitu 0%, 25% dan 35% pada benda uji silinder , yang mencapai f’c 30 Mpa adalah bottom ash dengan variasi 35% dan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan substitusi agregat halus.
Karakteristik Campuran Laston Lapis Antara Yang Menggunakan Batu Sungai Balebo Kecamatan Masamba
Authors: Lukin Deli , Alpius  , Elizabeth  
Published: May 2021

Pada penelitian ini, agregat yang digunakan dalam campuran laston lapis antara yaitu agregat yang berasal dari sungaii Balebo kecamatan Masamba sehingga perlu diuji karakteristik agregatnya. Metode yang digunakan daIam peneIitian ini antara Iain menguji karakteristik agregat kasar, agregat haIus, aspal dan fiIIer dan harus memenuhi persyaratan yang mengacu pada spesifikasi umum Bina Marga 2018 (Revisi 6) Departemen Umum Republik Indonesia dan standard pengujian SNI, untuk itu dilakukan beberapa pengujian karakteristik sebelum melakukan rancangan komposisi campuran laston lapis antara untuk pembuatan benda uji campuran laston lapis antara. Setelah itu benda uji akan di uji Marshall untuk mengetahui karakteristik dari campuran laston lapis antara tersebut. Nilai Stabilitas Marshall sisa didapatkan melalui pengujian Marshall Imertion yang menggunakan kadar aspal optimum (KAO) dari hasil pengujian Marshall. Hasil penelitian karakteristik bahan parkerasan yang digunakan telah memenuhi persyaratan yang mengacu pada spesifikasi umum Bina Marga 2018 melalui hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa agregat sungai balebo kecamatan masamba dapat digunakan sebagai bahan lapisan perkerasan jalan campuran laston lapis antara. Karakteristik campuran laston lapis antara didapatkan melalui pengujian Marshall dengan kadar aspal 5,00%, 5,50%, 6,00%, 6,50% , 7,00%. Pada kadar aspal optimum 6,00 % didapatkan nilai Stabilitas Marshall Sisa yaitu 96,87 % yang telah IoIos persyaratan yaitu ≥90 %.
Estimation of Heavy Metals and Associated Health Risk in Selected Vegetables Grown in Peri-Urban Areas of Multan and Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Authors: Wadood Syed Abdul , Sharif Mian Kamran , Ashraf Muhammad Nadeem , Ejaz Rebia , Kosar Ghazala , Azeem Muhammad , Murtaza Ghulam 
Published: May 2021

Food security is a serious issue in developing countries like Pakistan because of ever-increasing population. To feed the hunger population, safe and nutritious vegetables are growing concern as they are being polluted by heavy metals. The present study was conducted to investigate the concentration of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) in highly consumed vegetable collected from peri-urban markets of Rawalpindi and Multan region. Health risk associated with the consumption of these vegetables in term of estimated daily intake of metals (EDIM) and health risk index (HRI) was also evaluated among local consumers. Results showed that mean values of cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in all vegetable samples from both region were exceeding the respective MAL set by FAO/WHO. Estimated daily intake of heavy metals was found below than the permissible limit. EDIM showed following decreasing trend Fe > Zn > Mn > Ni > Pb > Cr and Cd, respectively. The health risk index (HRI) for all heavy metals were less than the threshold level (1), indicating no significant threat to the local population through the consumption of these vegetables.
Evaluation of Phyllanthus niruri L. from Malaysia for In-vitro Anti-Urolithiatic Properties by Different Solvent Extraction
Authors: Gul Muhammad Tayyab , Muhammad Norhayati , Pauzi Aslia Natasha , Bakar Mohd Fadzelly Abu , Talip Balkis A. , Abdullah Norazlin , Abdul Rahim Nur Fazira , Syukriah Wan Nur Ain , Marzuki Wan , Din Laily B. , Ibrahim Nazlina 
Published: May 2021

The Phyllanthus niruri is traditionally used for curing of kidney disorders and urinary stones in Malaysia. Hence the current work was aimed to evaluate the effect of different solvents extract (n- hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water) of P. niruri for in vitro anti-urolithiatic properties in terms of inhibition activity on CaOx by using the rate of CaOx aggregation assay and dissolution of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal by using titrimetry method. Cystone was used as positive control. The effects of cystone on slope of nucleation and aggregation as well as growth of CaOx were evaluated spectrophotometrically. The highest yield percentage of P.niruri was occupied by methanol (5.74 %). The maximum inhibition against aggregation of CaOx crystals was also occupied by methanol (66.67 % ± 1.61) and was comprised with alkaloid, steroid, terpenoid and tannin. Dissolution effect on calcium oxalate crystals indicates that the aqueous extracts of P. niruri was found to be more effective in dissolution of CaOx with 63.33 % ± 1.44. P. niruri significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the slope of nucleation and aggregation of CaOx crystallization, and reduced the crystal density. The results of the present study confirmed that P. niruri leaves can be used as remedial mediator for urolithiasis. However, further studies are required for isolation and identification of active constituents and their in-vivo confirmation.
Brown Seaweeds (Sargassum macrocarpum) as Nitrate (NO3) Reducer
Authors: Panganiban Rhoda E. 
Published: May 2021

This study entitled, BROWN SEAWEEDS (Sargassum macrocarpum) AS NITRATE (NO3) REDUCER was conducted to find out if brown seaweeds can help lessen the nitrate content of contaminated water particularly water used in rice field irrigation. After the brown seaweeds were gathered, and the contaminated water from the river used in rice field irrigation was collected, treatments for experimentation were prepared. There were four treatments used: Treatments A, B, C, and D (control). One thousand (1000) mL of contaminated water was placed in each of the containers of all the treatments. After then 50 grams of brown seaweeds were placed in A, 100 g in B, 150 g in C and no seaweed for D. The treatments were observed for nine (9) days and its nitrate (NO3) content tested every three days. The tests were done in the Water Laboratory of the National Power Corporation, Calaca, Batangas using the Spectrophotometer. Results showed that Treatment C with the greatest amount of seaweeds eliminated more nitrate than the other treatments based on the statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA). It is therefore concluded that brown seaweeds (Sargassum macrocarpum) have the ability and the efficacy of reducing the nitrate content of contaminated water.
Rodzina białek gazdermin jako czynnik permeabilizujący błonę komórkową w procesie pyroptozy*
Authors: Kuc-Ciepluch Dorota , Ciepluch Karol , Arabski Michał 
Published: May 2021

Streszczenie
Rodzaj śmierci komórkowej, tj. apoptoza, autofagia, nekroza czy pyroptoza zależy od czynnika indukującego oraz fazy cyklu komórkowego. Główną rolę w odpowiedzi immunologicznej organizmu na mikroorganizmy odgrywa proces zwany pyroptozą. Pyroptoza jest rodzajem śmierci komórki indukowanym przez różnego rodzaju czynniki zapalne aktywowane w odpowiedzi na wzorce cząsteczkowe i molekularne związane z patogenami w tym lipopolisacharyd bakteryjny na drodze szlaku kanonicznego lub niekanonicznego w zależności od rodzaju biorących w nich udział kaspaz. W pyroptozie istotną rolę pełni białko gazdermina D należące do rodziny białek gazdermin (A, B, C, D, E i DFNB59), która charakteryzuje się swoistą tkankowo ekspresją genów, głównie w komórkach nabłonkowych, skóry oraz układu pokarmowego i odpowiada za regulację proliferacji i różnicowania komórek, a także za hamowanie lub rozwój nowotworów w różnych narządach. Rodzina GSDM jest odpowiedzialna za tworzenie porów w błonie komórkowej, umożliwiając sekrecję cytokin prozapalnych (IL-1β i IL-18), biorących udział w inicjacji szlaków reakcji zapalnej przez rekrutację i aktywację komórek odpornościowych w miejscu infekcji. Zasadniczą rolę w procesie pyroptozy na drodze niekanonicznej pełni białko gazdermina D, którego N-koniec, tworząc pory w błonie komórkowej powoduje powstanie obrzęku, lizy osmotycznej aż do śmierci zainfekowanej komórki.
Znaczenie kwasu dokozaheksaenowego (DHA) w prewencji zaburzeń funkcji poznawczych u osób starszych
Authors: Białecka-Dębek Agata , Granda Dominika , Pietruszka Barbara 
Published: May 2021

Streszczenie
Starzenie się organizmu, jako nieunikniony i postępujący proces biologiczny, prowadzi do nieodwracalnych zmian fizjologicznych i funkcjonalnych, także w układzie nerwowym. Pojawiające się wraz z wiekiem pogorszenie funkcji poznawczych może istotnie wpływać na jakość życia osób starszych. Kwas dokozaheksaenowy (DHA) jest niezbędny do prawidłowego funkcjonowania układu nerwowego – może wpływać na jego działanie bezpośrednio, m.in. przez wpływ na neurogenezę i neuroplastyczność, ale także pośrednio m.in. przez wpływ na funkcjonowanie układu sercowo-naczyniowego czy działanie przeciwzapalne. Na podstawie literatury przedmiotu można stwierdzić, że dobry stan odżywienia kwasami tłuszczowymi z rodziny n-3, określony na podstawie ich poziomu w osoczu krwi lub erytrocytach, jest związany z mniejszym ryzykiem pogorszenia funkcji poznawczych w wybranych domenach poznawczych, a także mniejszym ryzykiem wystąpienia demencji lub choroby Alzheimera, chociaż dostępne są również badania, gdzie nie potwierdzono powyższej zależności. Ponadto badania dotyczące spożycia DHA i EPA (kwas eikozapentaenowy) wraz z dietą, jak również w postaci suplementów diety, wykazują ich korzystny wpływ na funkcjonowanie poznawcze i ryzyko wystąpienia demencji. Także wyniki badań interwencyjnych, chociaż nie są jednoznaczne, sugerują, że wysokie dawki DHA i EPA w postaci suplementów diety mogą spowolnić proces pogorszenia funkcjonowania poznawczego osób starszych w obrębie wybranych domen. Na podstawie dokonanego przeglądu piśmiennictwa można stwierdzić, że kwasy DHA i EPA odgrywają istotną rolę w prewencji zaburzeń poznawczych.
Analysis of the microbiota in the diabetic foot ulcers: Is research standardization required?
Authors: Margas Marta , Wróblewska Marta , Marchel Halina , Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska Beata , Ładyżyński Piotr , Wojciechowska Ewa , Czupryniak Leszek , Krzymień Janusz 
Published: May 2021

Summary

Background
Complications of infected wounds in patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) are one of the greatest challenges in modern medicine. Analysis of the microbiological profile of infected ulcers may significantly improve treatment results. The aim of the study was to determine the profile of pathogens isolated in patients with DFU and to compare the results of other centers.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective study was carried out on 137 patients with DFU hospitalized at the Department of Diabetology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw in 2011-2014. The analysis included the results of 200 microbiological cultures tested for fungi, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Statistical analysis was used to test differences in HbA1c values in relation to the strain of the most commonly cultured bacteria and the relationship between glycemic control and most frequently isolated pathogens.

Results
Seventy-nine bacterial species were isolated in 183 positive cultures. Gram-negative bacteria predominated with the highest percentage of representatives of Enterobacterales. The most often isolated bacteria were Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mira-bilis and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that HbA1c concentrations were different in groups infected with different strains of bacteria (p = 0.0087). Isolation of Escherichia coli and Morganella morganii was more often associated with poor control of diabetes.

Conclusions
The study revealed statistically significant differences in the frequency of microorganisms isolated from the wounds of patients with DFU. The discrepancies in the results of other studies published in this field indicate the need for standardization of the research design.
Virkeligheder og religionshistorie: En introduktion til ontologier ifølge Philippe Descola
Authors: Lundager Jensen Hans J. 
Published: May 2021

ENGLISH SUMMARY: A presentation of Philippe Descola’s model of four ontol-ogies (animism, totemism, analogism, and naturalism) and six forms of attach-ment (gift, exchange, etc.) and an argument for their relevance for the academic study of religion. The four ontologies overlap partly with Robert Bellah’s stages of cultural-religious evolution: Animism and totemism dominate in tribal religions, analogism in archaic and post-axial religions, naturalism (or natura-culturalism) in the post-Christian modernity.
DANSK RESUME: En præsentation af Philippe Descolas model over fire ontolo-gier (animisme, totemisme, analogisme og naturalisme) og seks relationsformer (gave, bytte m.m.) med argumentation for deres relevans for religionsvidenskaben. De fire ontologier relateres til Robert Bellahs religionshistoriske stadier: Animisme og totemisme dominerer i tribale religioner, analogisme i arkaiske og post-aksiale religioner og naturalisme i den post-kristne modernitet.
Entraînement aux habiletés parentales pour préparer les enfants à l’école : quelles caractéristiques parentales, familiales et des enfants prédisent l’engagement?
Authors: Bédard Samantha , Letarte Marie-Josée , Lemelin Jean-Pascal , Laventure Myriam 
Published: May 2021

Les programmes d’entraînement aux habiletés parentales (PEHP) peuvent prévenir les problèmes associés à une faible préparation à l’école. Un défi majeur concerne toutefois l’engagement des participants au programme, près de la moitié ne les complétant pas. Or, l’engagement des parents a une incidence sur les bénéfices qu’en retirent les parents et les enfants. La présente étude porte sur les prédicteurs de toutes les composantes comportementales de l’engagement participatif : l’assiduité, l’implication dans les rencontres et la réalisation des devoirs. Une recension a permis d’identifier que des caractéristiques des parents, des enfants et de la famille sont associées à l’engagement. Cependant, peu d’études considèrent simultanément les trois composantes de l’engagement ainsi que des prédicteurs relevant des caractéristiques des parents, des enfants et de la famille. La présente étude vise à identifier les prédicteurs des trois composantes de l’engagement participatif. L’échantillon se compose de 89 parents ayant participé au PEHP « Ces années incroyables » et ayant un enfant d’âge préscolaire à risque sur le plan de la préparation à l’école. Les résultats montrent que les parents plus satisfaits du programme et qui ont un emploi sont plus assidus. Les parents qui adoptent des pratiques parentales plus positives avant le programme, qui sont satisfaits du programme et dont le revenu familial est plus élevé sont plus impliqués dans les rencontres. Les parents issus de familles monoparentales réalisent moins leurs devoirs. Différentes pistes d’intervention pouvant favoriser l’engagement dans un PEHP offert en contexte de prévention sont abordées dans la discussion.
The paeonol target gene autophagy-related 5 has a potential therapeutic value in psoriasis treatment
Authors: Zhang Qian , Shi Hongqiao , Zhang Jiaan , Jiang Chenxue , Zhou Chunxiang 
Published: May 2021

Background
Paeonol is a potent therapy for psoriasis. This study aimed to screen out paeonol-targeted genes in psoriasis and validate the potential of using paeonol for the management of psoriasis.

Methods
Microarray datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the lesional skin samples and the overlapping genes between DEGs and paeonol- and psoriasis-related genes were defined as potential targets for psoriasis. After being treated with si-ATG5 and pc-ATG5, human HaCaT cells were treated with 100 ng/ml IL-22 and 10 ng/ml TNF-α with and without paeonol. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, Beclin 1, ATG5, and p62 in HaCaT cells were determined using ESLIA, PCR, and Western blot analysis.

Results
A total of 779 DEGs were identified in the lesional skin samples compared with the non-lesional tissues. The autophagy-related 5 (ATG5) gene was the only gene that overlapped between the DEGs and genes related to paeonol and psoriasis. Cell proliferation, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1β), and ATG5 expression were increased in IL-22/TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT (model) cells compared with control. Paeonol treatment rescued all changes. si-ATG5 transfection increased inflammation and apoptosis in model cells compared with controls. pc-ATG5 prevented IL-22/TNF-α-induced changes in HaCaT cells. Also, si-ATG5 decreased p62 and Beclin 1 proteins, while pc-ATG5 increased them both.

Conclusions
ATG5-dependent autophagy plays a crucial role in psoriasis. The ATG5 gene might be a therapeutic target for the management of in vitro psoriasis.
Analytical Solution of a Non-isothermal Flow in Cylindrical Geometry
Authors: Nwaigwe Chinedu , Amadi Innocent Uchenna 
Published: May 2021

This study proposes analytical solution to the problem of transport in a Newtonian fluid within a cylindrical domain. The flow is assumed to be dominated along the channel axis, and is taken to be axi-symmetric. No-slip boundary condition is considered for velocity while the temperature and concentration have Dirichlet boundary values. The resulting problem is transformed into a set of non-trivial variable coefficient differential equations in a cylindrical geometry. By adopting the series solution method of Frobenius, the closed-form analytical solutions are derived for the flow variables. We conduct an analysis of the derived model, and showed that, indeed, the flow variables are axi-symmetric. We also state and prove another theorem to show that the derived concentration model is positivity preserving – meaning that it yields positive concentration - provided the boundary value is non-negative. Finally, we present graphical results for the flow variables and discuss the effect of the relevant flow parameters. The results showed that (i) an increase in the cooling parameter, reduces the fluid velocity, (ii) the temperature decreases as the cooling parameter increases and (iii) an increase in the injection parameter, leads to increase in the concentration.
Risk Identification of Lijiadagou Landslide and Debris Flow Hazards Chain in Yong'an Town, Fengjie County of Chongqing City
Authors: Song Q. H. , Ren S. C. , LI X. L. , Chen B. L. , Li K. , Tan D. J. 
Published: May 2021

Lijiadagou landslide and debris flow hazards chain in Yong’an Town of Fengjie county is one of the representative geohazards. By using satellite remote sensing technology, field investigation and observation, survey and analysis, mechanical analysis and other technical means, this paper makes qualitative or semi quantitative analysis on the hazard environment, instability probability, vulnerability analysis of elements at risk, risk loss, etc. The risk factors of Lijiadagou landslide and debris flow were identified. The conclusion shows that the unique landform and climate of Lijiadagou lay a foundation for the occurrence of multiple debris flows in the history. Under the alternate control of multiple factors such as the nature of the rock and soil mass, the stratum structure that controls the sliding, the complex geomorphic environment, continuous heavy rainfall and the rise and fall of the water level, there are high risks of landslides and debris flows, threatening about 6,000 residents in the middle and front range of Lijiadagou. The risk economic loss of hazards is about 80 million yuan, and will cause serious social impact. It is urgent to strengthen monitoring and early warning, and at the same time take targeted measures against the landslide source area to cut off the hazards chain from the source, so as to achieve a multiplier effect with half the effort.
Public-private Partnership Approaches for Scaling up Zinc with ORS
Authors: MacDonald Vicki , Addo-Yobo Joseph 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: Based on evidence from four previous private sector programs, USAID's SHOPS project, in partnership with the Ghana Health Service, developed a strategy to maximize availability of, demand for, and use of zinc plus oral rehydration solution (ORS) for the treatment of pediatric diarrheas. This abstract describes the private sector-focused strategy for addressing high diarrhea prevalence among children under five in Ghana.
Methods: SHOPS established a conducive policy and regulatory environment, engaging stakeholders from both sectors; collaborated with regulatory bodies to train over 10,000 chemical sellers and pharmacy staff and 350 clinicians in diarrhea management; partnered with pharmaceutical manufacturers to increase availability of quality, affordable products; developed an innovative campaign to increase awareness and demand; and partnered with NGOs to promote use through community mobilization. We conducted in-depth interviews and mystery client surveys with providers to assess reported and actual prescribing behavior.
Results: Private sector sales of zinc tablets increased ten-fold after training providers and 300% after the media campaign, treating over 2 million children with diarrhea to date. Most (75%) providers mentioned zinc as their preferred diarrhea treatment; 65% actually prescribed zinc with ORS as treatment. Retail audits confirm over 60% of chemist shops and pharmacies carry zinc and ORS. These results are notable in that zinc was completely unknown and unavailable in Ghana prior to the initiation of the program in 2012.
Conclusions: In a single year, significant progress in scaling up diarrhea treatment was realized through strategic partnerships with the private sector in Ghana.