bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CAR T-cell therapy and critical care
Authors: Messmer Anna S. , Que Yok-Ai , Schankin Christoph , Banz Yara , Bacher Ulrike , Novak Urban , Pabst Thomas 
Published: October 2021

SummaryChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‑cells are genetically engineered to give T‑cells the ability to attack specific cancer cells, and to improve outcome of patients with refractory/relapsed aggressive B‑cell malignancies. To date, several CAR T‑cell products are approved and additional products with similar indication or extended to other malignancies are currently being evaluated. Side effects of CAR T‑cell treatment are potentially severe or even life-threatening immune-related toxicities, specifically cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Consequently, medical emergency teams (MET) are increasingly involved in the assessment and management of CAR T‑cell recipients. This article describes the principles of CAR T‑cell therapy and summarizes the main complications and subsequent therapeutic interventions aiming to provide a survival guide for METs with a proposed management algorithm.
Harmonize: a shared environment for extended immersive entertainment
Authors: Oriti Damiano , Manuri Federico , Pace Francesco De , Sanna Andrea 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVirtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) applications are very diffuse nowadays. Moreover, recent technology innovations led to the diffusion of commercial head-mounted displays for immersive VR: users can enjoy entertainment activities that fill their visual fields, experiencing the sensation of physical presence in these virtual immersive environments. Even if AR and VR are mostly used separately, they can be effectively combined to provide a multi-user shared environment (SE), where two or more users perform some specific tasks in a cooperative or competitive way, providing a wider set of interactions and use cases compared to immersive VR alone. However, due to the differences between the two technologies, it is difficult to develop SEs offering a similar experience for both AR and VR users. This paper presents Harmonize, a novel framework to deploy applications based on SEs with a comparable experience for both AR and VR users. Moreover, the framework is hardware-independent, and it has been designed to be as much extendable to novel hardware as possible. An immersive game has been designed to test and to evaluate the validity of the proposed framework. The assessment of the system through the System Usability Scale questionnaire and the Game Experience Questionnaire shows a positive evaluation.
The costs of celiac disease: a contingent valuation in Switzerland
Authors: Soler Laia , Borzykowski Nicolas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a first monetary measure of the private costs of celiac disease, including intangible costs (physical symptoms, logistical constraints, etc.) in Switzerland. This auto-immune disease damages the intestine when patients ingest gluten. The only treatment currently available is a gluten-free diet, which implies great nutritional constraints. To get a monetary equivalent of the costs borne by celiac patients, we used a contingent valuation. The scenario suggested to celiac patients a treatment in form of a daily pill, which would allow them to eat normally and avoid any physical pain from celiac disease. Mean Willingness To Pay (WTP) for the treatment is found to be around CHF 87 (approx. USD 87) per month. WTP is positively influenced by direct and indirect costs of the disease. Oppositely, individuals, who find the gluten-free diet healthier are willing to pay less. Finally, unlike symptoms before diagnostic, the current presence or intensity of physical symptoms are found to be insignificant. The latter result can be explained by the fact that, individuals facing stronger symptoms are more likely to adhere strictly to the GFD and hence to reduce their frequency.
Akut symptomatische Anfälle und posttraumatische Epilepsie nach Schädel-Hirn-Trauma bei Erwachsenen und Kindern
Authors: Feichtinger Michael , Koch Johannes 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungEpileptische Anfälle als Folge eines Schädel-Hirn-Traumas (SHT) werden entsprechend ihres zeitlichen Auftretens in Bezug zum ursächlichen Ereignis in Frühanfälle (bis zu 7 Tage nach Trauma) und Spätanfälle (> 7 Tage nach Trauma) unterteilt. Immediatanfälle werden als Untergruppe der Frühanfälle abgegrenzt und sind als akut symptomatische Anfälle, die innerhalb von 24 h nach dem SHT auftreten, definiert. Eine posttraumatische Epilepsie liegt bei ≥ 2 epileptischen Anfällen als Folge eines Traumas vor. Die meisten posttraumatischen Anfälle ereignen sich innerhalb der ersten 2 Jahre nach dem SHT. Schwere Traumen korrelieren mit einem deutlich erhöhten Risiko für Früh- und Spätanfälle, bedingt durch die direkten Folgen der Gewalteinwirkung und die sekundären pathophysiologischen Reaktionsmuster auf zellulärer Ebene einschließlich neuroinflammatorischer Prozesse. Der prophylaktische Einsatz von Antikonvulsiva wird generell nicht empfohlen. Diese können das Auftreten von Frühanfällen reduzieren, haben aber keinen relevanten Einfluss auf die durch das Trauma eingeleitete Epileptogenese bzw. das Auftreten von Spätanfällen oder einer posttraumatischen Epilepsie.
Disrupting the Systems: Opportunities to Enhance Methodological Approaches to Address Socio-Structural Determinants of HIV and End the Epidemic Through Effective Community Engagement
Authors: Rodriguez-Diaz Carlos E. , Davis Wendy , Ellis Marcia V. , Cameron Martha Sichone , Donastorg Yeycy , Bowleg Lisa , Greenberg Alan , Kerrigan Deanna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA world without HIV is only possible by addressing the socio-structural determinants of health. Our understanding of socio-structural determinants is constantly changing, and parallel changes must occur with the methodologies used to explain the drivers of the HIV epidemic. We argue for the need to engage communities in the planning, implementation, and dissemination of research on the socio-structural determinants of HIV. Community engagement should cross-cut various types of research including rigorous measurement development of socio-structural determinants and novel analytic techniques to model their role in the trajectory of the epidemic and the impact of interventions. Considering the role of place, we recommend collaboration between scientists and communities in the interpretation of results from studies that map HIV-related behaviors and movement. As we collectively delve into historically oppressive systems with colonial antecedents, we must be ready to challenge these systems and replace them with collaborative models. The success of research-driven HIV policy and programming will best be evaluated with methodologies derived from the insights of the very individuals that these policies and programs aim to serve.
Modal context restriction for multiagent BDI logics
Authors: Dziubiński Marcin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe present and discuss a novel language restriction for modal logics for multiagent systems, called modal context restriction, that reduces the complexity of the satisfiability problem from EXPTIME complete to NPTIME complete. We focus on BDI multimodal logics that contain fix-point modalities like common beliefs and mutual intentions together with realism and introspection axioms. We show how this combination of modalities and axioms affects complexity of the satisfiability problem and how it can be reduced by restricting the modal context of formulas.
Genetic variants in the p53 pathway influence implantation and pregnancy maintenance in IVF treatments using donor oocytes
Authors: Palomares Arturo R. , Castillo-Domínguez Adrián Alberto , Ruiz-Galdón Maximiliano , Rodriguez-Wallberg Kenny A. , Reyes-Engel Armando 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the p53 pathways have shown to play a role in endometrial receptivity and implantation in infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). The present study aimed to assess the influence of these gene variants over pregnancy success through a receptivity model in recipients of egg donation treatments, when factors such as age and quality of the oocytes are standardized.

Methods
A nested case–control study was performed on 234 female patients undergoing their first fresh IVF treatment as recipients of donor oocytes. Genotyping of TP53 Arg72Pro (rs1042522), LIF (rs929271), MDM4 (rs1563828), and USP7 (rs1529916) SNPs in the recipients allowed comparison of allele and genotype frequencies and their association with the IVF treatment outcome.

Results
Grouped by genotypes, patients showed differences in IVF outcomes after the embryo transfer. Arg72Pro (rs1042522) gene variant was associated to changes in implantation and clinical pregnancy rates. The polymorphisms USP7 (rs1529916) and MDM4 (rs1563828) were associated to differential ongoing pregnancy rates and variable miscarriage events, respectively.

Conclusions
This study highlights the association between gene polymorphisms related to P53 function and their influence over IVF reproductive outcomes. Arg72Pro variant may influence early events, as lower implantation rates were found in homozygous for Pro72 allele. By contrast, MDM4 (rs1563828) and USP7 (rs1529916) gene variants were associated with the later maintenance of pregnancy.
Generative models for capturing and exploiting the influence of process conditions on process curves
Authors: Iraki Tarek , Link Norbert 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVariations of dedicated process conditions (such as workpiece and tool properties) yield different process state evolutions, which are reflected by different time series of the observable quantities (process curves). A novel method is presented, which firstly allows to extract the statistical influence of these conditions on the process curves and its representation via generative models, and secondly represents their influence on the ensemble of curves by transformations of the representation space. A latent variable space is derived from sampled process data, which represents the curves with only few features. Generative models are formed based on conditional propability functions estimated in this space. Furthermore, the influence of conditions on the ensemble of process curves is represented by estimated transformations of the feature space, which map the process curve densities with different conditions on each other. The latent space is formed via Multi-Task-Learning of an auto-encoder and condition-detectors. The latter classifies the latent space representations of the process curves into the considered conditions. The Bayes framework and the Multi-task Learning models are used to obtain the process curve probabilty densities from the latent space densities. The methods are shown to reveal and represent the influence of combinations of workpiece and tool properties on resistance spot welding process curves.
Photonic response and temperature evolution of SiO2/TiO2 multilayers
Authors: Christidis George , Fabrichnaya Olga B. , Koepfli Stefan M. , Poloni Erik , Winiger Joel , Fedoryshyn Yuriy M. , Gusarov Andrey V. , Ilatovskaia Mariia , Saenko Ivan , Savinykh Galina , Shklover Valery , Leuthold Juerg 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe microstructural and optical reflectivity response of photonic SiO2/TiO2 nanomultilayers have been investigated as a function of temperature and up to the material system’s melting point. The nanomultilayers exhibit high, broadband reflectivities up to 1350 °C with values that exceed 75% for a 1 μm broad wavelength range (600–1600 nm). The optimized nanometer sized, dielectric multilayers undergo phase transformations from anatase TiO2 and amorphous SiO2 to the thermodynamically stable phases, rutile and cristobalite, respectively, that alter their structural morphology from the initial multilayers to that of a scatterer. Nonetheless, they retain their photonic characteristics, when characterized on top of selected substrate foils. The thermal behavior of the nanometer sized multilayers has been investigated by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and compared to that of commercially available, mm-sized, annealed powders. The same melting reactions were observed, but the temperatures were lower for the nm-sized samples. The samples were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction before DTA and after annealing at temperatures of 1350 and 1700 °C. The microstructural evolution and phase compositions were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy measurements. The limited mutual solubility of one material to another, in combination with the preservation of their optical reflectivity response even after annealing, makes them an interesting material system for high-temperature, photonic coatings, such as photovoltaics, aerospace re-entry and gas turbines, where ultra-high temperatures and intense thermal radiation are present.
Can we trust measures of trust? a comparison of results from open and closed questions
Authors: Brosius Anna , Hameleers Michael , van der Meer Toni G. L. A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMany public opinion surveys compare trust in a number of different information and (mediated) knowledge sources, typically using closed questions with a set of answer categories that are imposed by researchers. We aim to validate these categories by quantitatively comparing survey responses about trustworthy sources using open and closed questions, and by qualitatively analyzing the open answers. The results show that answer options typically used for closed questions in academic research are generally valid and closely match categories that respondents come up with unprimed. In some cases, answers to open questions can be non-exhaustive, particularly when sources are considered trustworthy but are not salient for respondents. Open questions, however, may still be useful for exploratory research or more detailed investigations of media diets on the outlet-level. Qualitative approaches to open questions can also give more insight into motivations for distrust, e.g. perceptions of inconsistency or a fundamental rejection of the shared factual basis of an issue. In addition, our results indicate that respondents’ interpretation of answer categories may change reported levels of trust: those that think of more specific outlets tend to report higher general media trust. This study provides new insights into how question design, and particularly the choice of answer options, may influence reported levels and sources of trust, and how qualitative and quantitative approaches to trust measurement can be combined.
Pore-water pressure development in a frozen saline clay under isotropic loading and undrained shearing
Authors: Lyu Chuangxin , Nishimura Satoshi , Amiri Seyed Ali Ghoreishian , Zhu Feng , Eiksund Gudmund Reidar , Grimstad Gustav 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA systematical testing program on frozen Onsøy clay under isotropic loading and undrained shearing at different temperatures (− 3 ~ − 10 °C), strain rates (0.2~5%/h) and initial Terzaghi effective stress (20~400 kPa) was conducted with the focus on pore pressure development. It is meant to increase the understanding and facilitate the development of an ‘effective stress’-based model for multi-physical analysis for frozen soils. This study adopted the pore pressure measurement method suggested by Arenson and Springman (Can Geotech J 42 (2):412–430, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1139/t04-111) and developed a new testing procedure for frozen soils, including a ‘slow’ freezing method for sample preparation and post-freezing consolidation for securing hydraulic pressure equilibrium. The B-value of frozen soils is less than 1 and significantly dependent on temperature and loading history. The dilative tendency or pore pressure development in an undrained shearing condition is found to be dependent on both unfrozen water content and mean stress, which is consistent with unfrozen soils. Besides, the experimental results reported in the literature regarding uniaxial tests show that the shear strength does not share the same temperature- and salinity-dependency for different frozen soil types. The rate dependency of frozen soils is characterized between rate dependency of pure ice and that of the unfrozen soil and is therefore highly determined by the content of ice and the viscous behavior of ice (through temperature dependency). This paper also explains the pore pressure response in freezing and thawing is dependent on volumetric evolution of soil skeleton.
The influence of hafnium impurities on the electrochemical performance of tantalum substituted Li7La3Zr2O12 solid electrolytes
Authors: Mann Markus , Küpers Michael , Häuschen Grit , Finsterbusch Martin , Fattakhova-Rohlfing Dina , Guillon Olivier 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGarnet-based Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) is considered one of the most promising oxide-ceramic solid electrolyte materials for inorganic all-solid-state batteries. Dopants and substituents like Al, Ta, Nb, Ga, and W were shown to have a high impact on the total ionic conductivity, increasing it from 10−6 S/cm up to 10−3 S/cm. However, natural zirconium sources always contain a small amount of hafnium which could also act as dopant, but the separation of these two elements is complicated and expensive. In this work, we investigate the influence of various Hf-impurity concentrations on the performance of tantalum-doped LLZO. We synthesised Li6.45Al0.05La3Zr1.6−xHfxTa0.4O12 (LLZHO with x = 0 – 1.6) via conventional solid-state synthesis and have demonstrated that up to x = 0.1, hafnium impurities do not have a significant impact on the performance of the material. Above this concentration, the Li-ion conductivity is steadily reduced to around 70% when zirconium is fully substituted by hafnium resulting in Li6.45Al0.05La3Hf1.6Ta0.4O12. As the purity of Zr precursors has a great impact on their price, these findings can help to reduce the price of LLZO in general, as lower grade zirconium can be used in industrial scale applications.
Social differentiation and well-being in the Italian Iron Age: exploring the relationship between sex, age, biological stress, and burial complexity among the Picenes of Novilara (8th–7th c. BC)
Authors: Laffranchi Zita , Beck De Lotto Michael A. , Delpino C. , Lösch Sandra , Milella Marco 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The possible association between “biological” and “social” status in the past is a central topic in bioarchaeological studies. For the Italian Iron Age, previous research comparing skeletal and funerary variables depicts a multifaceted scenario consistent with nuanced biocultural patterns. This calls for additional studies on a broader series of archaeological contexts and skeletal assemblages. Here, we contribute new data about the biological correlates of social differentiation during the Italian Iron Age by comparing paleopathological and funerary variables in the Picene necropolis of Novilara (Marche region, 8th–7th c. BC). Novilara is one of the largest Picene necropolises in the Italian Peninsula and one of the most important funerary sites of the Italian Iron Age. The skeletal sample includes 147 individuals (females: 70; males: 35; 10 unsexed adults; 32 non-adults). We use linear enamel hypoplasia, cribra orbitalia, porotic hyperostosis, non-specific periosteal lesions, and stature to approximate non-specific stressors and compare them with archaeological variables summarizing funerary variability by means of logistic models, Mann–Whitney and Spearman tests. Results are heterogeneous and vary according to the considered variables. On average, they however show that (a) adults featuring a more complex funerary treatment have a lower probability of showing stress-related skeletal changes, and (b) even though funerary features suggests a strong gender differentiation, frequencies of paleopathological variables do not differ between sexes. Our analyses point to a complex link between biological and social status in this population and call for a critical reflection about the theoretical and methodological issues affecting similar studies.
Being Mindful of What is Absent
Authors: Anālayo Bhikkhu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe cultivation of mindfulness in early Buddhist soteriology can comprise awareness of an absence. Such absence can be specific, in the sense of the absence of a particular mental condition. It can also take on a general sense, in that certain meditation practices that involve mindfulness can take as their object the notion that there is nothing at all. Besides being the standard approach for cultivating one of the immaterial spheres, a pre-Buddhist form of practice, the same notion that there is nothing can also be related to insight. Such insight could be retrospectively applied to the attainment of the immaterial sphere of nothingness, or else insight could be cultivated in conjunction with tranquility in a way that involves the same notion of nothingness, testifying to the interrelatedness of these two modalities of meditation in early Buddhism. In addition, the term nothingness can also serve as an epithet for the final goal of Nirvana, a usage that can also be related to mindfulness.
Gecko-Like Dry Adhesive Surfaces and Their Applications: A Review
Authors: Wang Wei , Liu Yang , Xie Zongwu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGecko has the ability to climb flexibly on various natural surfaces because of its fine layered adhesion system of foot, which has motivated researchers to carry out a lot of researches on it. Significant progresses have been made in the gecko-like dry adhesive surfaces in the past 2 decades, such as the mechanical measurement of adhesive characteristics, the theoretical modeling of adhesive mechanism and the production of synthetic dry adhesive surfaces. Relevant application researches have been carried out as well. This paper focuses on the investigations made in recent years on the gecko-like dry adhesive surfaces, so as to lay the foundation for further research breakthroughs. First, the adhesion system of gecko’s foot and its excellent adhesive characteristics are reviewed, and the adhesive models describing the gecko adhesion are summarily reviewed according to the different contact modes. Then, some gecko-like dry adhesive surfaces with outstanding adhesive characteristics are presented. Next, some application researches based on the gecko-like dry adhesive surfaces are introduced. Finally, the full text is summarized and the problems to be solved on the gecko-like dry adhesive surfaces are prospected.
JOINT MODELING OF CLAIM FREQUENCIES AND BEHAVIORAL SIGNALS IN MOTOR INSURANCE
Authors: Corradin Alexandre , Denuit Michel , Detyniecki Marcin , Grari Vincent , Sammarco Matteo , Trufin Julien 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTelematicsdevices installed in insured vehicles provide actuaries with new risk factors, such as the time of the day, average speeds, and other driving habits. This paper extends the multivariate mixed model describing the joint dynamics of telematics data and claim frequencies proposed by Denuit et al. (2019a) by allowing for signals with various formats, not necessarily integer-valued, and by replacing the estimation procedure with the Expected Conditional Maximization algorithm. A numerical study performed on a database related to Pay-How-You-Drive, or PHYD motor insurance illustrates the relevance of the proposed approach for practice.