bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Effects of Shed Antler Hunting and Helicopter Surveys on Ungulate Movements and Space Use
Authors: Bates Steven B. , Whiting Jericho C. , Larsen Randy T. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTShed antler hunting (i.e., collecting cast cervid antlers) has increased in popularity during the past decade, but little is known about how this recreational activity affects ungulate movements and space use. We placed geographic positioning system (GPS)‐collars on 133 female and male bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), bison (Bison bison), and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) to quantify their movements and space use during shed antler hunts compared with those behaviors during helicopter surveys in Utah, USA, from 2012 to 2015. For each species, we calculated means and 95% confidence intervals for distance moved during 90‐minute segments (16 points/day) pre‐event (control, 7 consecutive days prior to event), event (1–2 days), and post‐event (7 consecutive days after event) for shed antler hunts and helicopter surveys. We also compared use of space for each species during these events. Female bighorn sheep did not increase distance moved or substantially change space use during shed antler hunts and helicopter surveys. Male bighorn sheep increased distance moved 41% on average during shed antler hunts and by 2.02 times during helicopter surveys but did not change space use during those events. Female bison increased distance moved 15% on average during shed antler hunts and 30% during helicopter surveys. Mule deer increased distance moved and altered space use the most during shed antler hunts; females increased distance moved 97%, and 54% of females moved a mean distance of 742 ± 642 (SD) m (range = 9–3,778 m) outside of their home ranges during those hunts for a mean of 9.2 ± 9.4 hours (range = 1.5 to 41 hr). Male mule deer increased distance moved by 2.10 times on average during shed antler hunts, and 82% of males moved a mean distance of 1,264 ± 732 m (range = 131–3,637 m) outside of their home ranges during those hunts for a mean of 12.6 ± 7.6 hours (range = 4.5–33 hr). Our results provide timely information about how legal shed antler hunting affects movements and space use of female and male ungulates, especially mule deer, and can guide the conservation of ungulate populations and their habitat. © 2021 The Wildlife Society.
LINC01315 promotes the aggressive phenotypes of papillary thyroid cancer cells by sponging miR‐497‐5p
Authors: Ren Jian , Zhang Feng‐Jiao , Wang Jing‐Hong , Tang Jian‐Dong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDysregulation of the long intergenic noncoding RNA 01315 (LINC01315) has recently been demonstrated in cancer. However, the role of LINC01315 in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has not been determined. We attempted to determine the function of LINC01315 in PTC. The levels of LINC01315 were higher in thyroid carcinoma tissues and cell lines compared with that in noncancerous tissues or normal cells, respectively. LINC01315 knockdown significantly inhibited the in vitro colony formation and invasion of PTC cells. Upregulation of LINC01315 produced opposite effects. Bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assays indicated direct binding of miR‐497‐5p to LINC01315. Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function assays indicated that miR‐497‐5p acts as a suppressive miRNA in PTC. Furthermore, LINC01315 facilitated the growth and invasion of PTC cells by sponging miR‐497‐5p. Our results demonstrated the critical role of the LINC01315‐miR‐497‐5p axis in the growth and invasion of PTC cells.
Hypothyroidism in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving Radiotherapy With or Without Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Leddon Jennifer L. , Chirra Martina , Frankart Andrew J. , Agrawal Arushi , Roof Logan , Trotier Danny , Shaikh Hira , Stone Timothy , Jandarov Roman , Takiar Vinita , Wise‐Draper Trisha M. 
Published: February 2021

Objectives/HypothesisHypothyroidism is a relatively common complication of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment. The objective of this study was to determine whether the addition of programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐1) or programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) inhibition (anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 therapy) to standard treatment increases the risk of hypothyroidism in HNSCC.Study DesignRetrospective Cohort.MethodsThis is a retrospective, single institutional cohort study. Patients who received radiotherapy (RT) for HNSCC were identified in the electronic medical record. Patient factors collected include age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol use, Charlson comorbidity index, and HNSCC treatment records. The rate of hypothyroidism for patients with HNSCC receiving RT (+/− chemotherapy and surgery) (RT group, n = 101) was compared to that of HNSCC patients receiving RT (+/− chemotherapy and surgery) + anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 therapy, either concurrently or after RT (RT + anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 group, n = 38).ResultsThere was no significant difference in the rate of clinical or subclinical hypothyroidism between the two groups. Multinomial logistic regression found no significant difference in hypothyroidism based on age, sex, or BMI.ConclusionsThe addition of anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 therapy to standard HNSCC treatment does not significantly increase the risk of developing hypothyroidism.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:E2413–E2419, 2021
Long‐Term Survival in 1,931 Patients With Dizziness: Disease‐ and Symptom‐Specific Mortality
Authors: Berge Jan Erik , Nordahl Stein Helge Glad , Aarstad Hans Jørgen , Goplen Frederik Kragerud 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate mortality among patients referred for suspected vestibular disorder and to examine whether specific symptoms or disorders predict long‐term survival among patients with dizziness or vertigo.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed long‐term survival data. Consecutive patients examined for suspected vestibular disease at an otolaryngology clinic completed a detailed questionnaire regarding symptoms and comorbidities.ResultsThe study included 1,931 patients. Their mean age (standard deviation) was 50.5 (16.5) years, and 60% were women. The mean follow‐up period was 20.6 years (range, 15.3–27.5 years). The standardized mortality ratio for the entire cohort compared with the Norwegian age‐ and sex‐matched population was 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.94–1.12), illustrating no difference in overall survival. Patients with a cerebrovascular cause of dizziness had higher mortality in adjusted Cox regression analyses (hazard ratio [HR] 1.56, 95% CI: 1.11–2.19), whereas patients reporting periodic or short attacks of dizziness had lower mortality (HR 0.62 [0.50–0.77] and 0.76 [0.63–0.93], respectively). Reported unsteadiness between dizziness attacks was associated with higher mortality with an HR of 1.30 (95% CI: 1.08–1.57).ConclusionThis long‐term study found comparable mortality rates between patients evaluated for suspected vestibular disorder and that of the general population. However, subgroup analyses showed reduced mortality in patients with periodic or short attacks of dizziness and increased mortality in patients with unsteadiness between attacks or cerebrovascular causes of dizziness. The time course of vestibular symptoms should be determined, and thorough evaluation including fall risk and comorbidities must be considered in patients with nonepisodic symptoms.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:E2031–E2037, 2021
Profile optimum planning for degradation analysis
Authors: Peng Chien‐Yu , Cheng Ya‐Shan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDegradation tests are widely used to assess the lifetime information of highly reliable products. Before conducting a degradation test, the fundamental issues in regard to decision variables are to determine how many sample sizes are needed, how long samples need to be tested, and how many measurements are taken, particularly in early experiments with limited budgets. By minimizing the approximate variance of the estimated qth quantile of the product's lifetime distribution with a cost constraint, profile optimum planning (POP) is proposed to provide a systematic solution to these decision variables under mild conditions. Based on the derived theoretical results, the use of flow charts efficiently simplifies complex optimization problems in practical applications. In addition, sensitivity analysis is studied to elucidate the effect of how the uncertainty in POP can be divided and allocated to the experimental costs and model parameters. Technical derivations, flow charts, and analysis results are available online as Supporting Information.
Transcultural adaptation of the children's anxiety questionnaire in Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Josiane Ramos Garcia , de Avila Marla Andréia Garcia , Jamas Milena Temer , Siqueira Fernanda Paula Cerantôla , Daniel Loiane Garcia , Nilsson Stefan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimTo describe the transcultural adaptation process of the Children's Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ) for the Brazilian culture.DesignThis is a methodological study of cross‐cultural adaptation.MethodsStudy conducted in Brazil and Sweden involved the following steps: preparation, translation, synthesis of translations, back‐translation and review, and harmonization of the translations by a committee of 13 healthcare professionals using the content validity index (CVI). Cognitive debriefing, using children between 4–10 years old, was completed by 15 children to determine if the images corresponded with their meanings and 17 children to determine if they could understand the Global CAQ after listening.ResultsConvergences and discrepancies between the original instrument in Swedish, the English version and the Brazilian translation were compared. The process of culturally adapting the CAQ to Brazilian Portuguese was validated, as demonstrated by a satisfactory S‐CVI (0.94) among professionals and an agreement of 95% and above by children.
Developing an assessment tool for geropsychiatric mental healthcare knowledge and attitude evaluations in clinical practice for nursing students
Authors: Wu Chia‐Shan , Chen Mei‐Fang , Rong Jiin‐Ru , Liu Chieh‐Yu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimTo develop an instrument to investigate geropsychiatric psychological symptoms, health problem nursing knowledge (GPN‐K), geropsychiatric psychological symptoms and health problem nursing attitude scale (GPN‐A) in clinical practice for nursing students.DesignInstrument development and cross‐sectional study for psychometric testing.MethodsConstruct validity was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach's α.ResultsA total of 300 students have completed the questionnaires (85.71% response rate). The CFA of GPN‐K showed good fitness and validity. The Kuder‐Richardson 20 (KR‐20) value of the internal consistency reliability is 0.64. The GPN‐A overall content validity index is 0.95. A three‐factor structure was shown by exploratory factor analysis. The three factors are communication and care, helping others improve and problem evaluation tendency. The total variance explained is 59.01%. Cronbach's alpha of GPN‐A equals 0.84, which represents good internal consistency.
Electrocardiogram interpretation competency among emergency nurses and emergency medical service (EMS) personnel: A cross‐sectional and comparative descriptive study
Authors: Rahimpour Maryam , Shahbazi Shahla , Ghafourifard Mansour , Gilani Neda , Breen Cathal 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsThe aim of this research study was to compare electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation competency among emergency nurses and EMS personnel.DesignA cross‐sectional comparative descriptive study design was used.MethodsThis study recruited 170 participants (105 emergency nurses and 65 EMS personnel) in northwest of Iran. Data were collected during 2018 using ECG, an interpretation competency questionnaire and analysed using SPSS V.24 through independent t test, linear regression, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient. A statistical significance of p < .05 was assumed.ResultsThe study results showed a mean score of 6.65 ± 2.16 out of 10 for emergency nurses' and 4.87 ± 1.81 for EMS personnel ECG interpretation competency (p < .05).ConclusionsHospital emergency nurses were more qualified to interpret the ECG than the pre‐hospital emergency medical personnel (p = .792 and β (SE)) = 0.22 (0.84). Active involvement in ECG interpretation and standard continued education are needed to develop and improve the emergency nurses and EMS personnel ECG interpretation competency.
The effect of nurse‐led Internet‐based cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia on patients with cardiovascular disease: A randomized controlled trial with 6‐month follow‐up
Authors: Siebmanns Sandra , Johansson Peter , Ulander Martin , Johansson Linda , Andersson Gerhard , Broström Anders 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimTo test the effect of nurse‐led Internet‐based cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (I‐CBTI), tailored for patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), with a 6‐month follow‐up.DesignA two‐arm parallel‐group randomized controlled trial (RCT) registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NTC03938805) and reported according to the CONSORT checklist.MethodsForty‐eight patients (mean age 72 years, 65% men) diagnosed with CVD and insomnia were randomized to either 9‐week nurse‐led I‐CBTI with support, or an Internet‐based self‐study programme without support (control group). Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Short Form Health Survey (SF‐12) were used as primary and secondary outcomes.ResultsISI showed a significant treatment effect of I‐CBTI compared to the control group at 9‐week follow‐up. The mean ISI score in the I‐CBTI group at 9 weeks post‐treatment was maintained at the 6‐month follow‐up. Patients' adherence to I‐CBTI was associated with a better effect on both the ISI and SF‐12.
Stress increases blood beta‐hydroxybutyrate levels and prefrontal cortex NLRP3 activity jointly in a rodent model
Authors: Nishiguchi Tsuyoshi , Iwata Masaaki , Kajitani Naofumi , Miura Akihiko , Matsuo Ryoichi , Murakami Shumei , Nakada Yumeto , Pu Shenghong , Shimizu Yuki , Tsubakino Tatsuya , Yamanashi Takehiko , Shinozaki Gen , Tsubota Jun , Shirayama Yukihiko , Watanabe Ken , Kaneko Koichi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to assess the response of endogenous beta‐hydroxybutyrate to psychological stress, and its association with nucleotide‐binding domain, leucine‐rich repeat, pyrin domain‐containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, and stress‐induced behavior.MethodsMale C57BL/6J mice were subjected to 1‐hour restraint stress to examine changes in the endogenous beta‐hydroxybutyrate and active NLRP3 levels in the prefrontal cortex. Subsequently, we created a depression model applying 10‐day social defeat stress to the male C57BL/6J mice.ResultsOne‐hour restraint stress rapidly increased beta‐hydroxybutyrate levels in the blood. The active NLRP3 levels in the prefrontal cortex also increased significantly. A correlation was found between the increased beta‐hydroxybutyrate levels in the blood and the active NLRP3 levels in the prefrontal cortex. The mice exposed to social defeat stress exhibited depression‐ and anxiety‐like behavioral changes in the open field, social interaction, and forced swim tests. There was a correlation between these behavioral changes and endogenous beta‐hydroxybutyrate levels. Among the social defeat model mice, those with high beta‐hydroxybutyrate levels tended to have more depression‐ and anxiety‐like behavior.ConclusionsThe increased blood beta‐hydroxybutyrate levels due to psychological stress correlate with the active NLRP3 levels in the prefrontal cortex, suggesting that the increased beta‐hydroxybutyrate levels due to stress may reflect a reaction to brain inflammation. In addition, mice with higher blood beta‐hydroxybutyrate levels tend to exhibit increased depression‐ and anxiety‐like behaviors; thus, an increase in blood beta‐hydroxybutyrate levels due to stress may indicate stress vulnerability.
Mismatch negativity of preschool children at risk of developing mental health problems
Authors: Aoi Toshiya , Fujisawa Takashi X. , Nishitani Shota , Tomoda Akemi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between mismatch negativity (MMN) during the passive oddball task and clinical assessment using a behavioral scale in nonclinical preschool children to identify neurobiological endophenotypes associated with the risk of developing mental health problems. We assessed the risk of developing mental health problems in preschool children using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, which is used worldwide as a behavior‐based screening tool for assessing mental health risks, and examined its relevance to amplitude and latency MMN. As a result, we found that children at a higher risk of mental health problems had smaller MMN amplitudes than those at lower risk. It was also found that MMN amplitude was negatively correlated with the assessed higher risk of mental health problems. Although it is not clear what neural mechanisms underlie the functional association between MMN and risk of mental health problems in preschool children, the findings of this study indicate that there is an involvement of individual differences in auditory processing in childhood mental health problems. The findings suggest that such neurological changes may be prodromal symptoms of the onset of psychiatric disorders and applicable as endophenotypic markers for the early detection of various psychiatric disorders.
Symptomatic Hypoglycemia After Gastric Bypass: Incidence and Predictive Factors in a Cohort of 1,138 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Bienvenot Rébecca , Sirveaux Marie‐Aude , Nguyen‐Thi Phi‐Linh , Brunaud Laurent , Quilliot Didier 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveAfter Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB), postprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (PPHH) is particularly critical because of the risk of trauma. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and identify risk factors for symptomatic PPHH.MethodsPatients with RYGB were classified into moderate PPHH (MH) or severe hypoglycemia (SH), which is defined as patients with neuroglycopenic symptoms. Logistic multivariate linear regressions were performed to identify predictive factors for symptomatic PPHH and more specifically for SH with neuroglycopenic symptoms. Patients with diabetes and those with a follow‐up shorter than 2 years were excluded.ResultsAmong the 1,138 patients, 44.2% had at least one episode of hypoglycemia with a mean delay of 25.5 (21.3) months, 32.6% had MH, and 11.6% had SH. The annual incidence rate of SH was 2.5% the first year, 3.7% the second year, and 1.5% the third year. Independent predictive factors for higher risk of SH were: younger age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.05‐16.69; P = 0.0007), lower BMI after RYGB (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.17‐2.22; P = 0.0035), and maximal weight loss (OR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.39‐1.23; P = 0.0106), whereas higher preoperative BMI was protective (OR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.64‐0.95; P = 0.0112).ConclusionsThis observational cohort study showed that the incidence of severe PPHH with neuroglycopenic symptoms after RYGB was higher than expected.
Space‐confined thermal disintegration synthesis of graphene‐copper nanohybrids for enhanced tribological behaviors of epoxy‐based composites
Authors: Li Yong , Yuan Junya , He Guorong , Wu Liangfei , Wang Yanling , Liu Meng , Men Xuehu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEpoxy resin (EP) has received extensive attention in the field of mechanical engineering due to its outstanding physical mechanical performance and chemical stability. However, relatively weak thermal and abrasion properties seriously limit its application in motion conditions. Here, we report copper‐graphene nanohybrids (Cu‐G) prepared by a space‐confined thermal disintegration method as promising materials for improving the thermal and tribological properties of epoxy composites. Impressively, the thermal conductivity and stability properties of EP/Cu‐G composites present obvious enhancements compared to pure EP. Meanwhile, the tensile strength and elongation at break of EP/Cu‐G are increased by 8.0% and 7.5% compared to those of pure EP. In addition, sliding test results reveal that the wear rate of EP/Cu‐G composites show a 66.7% decline, which can be ascribed to the synergistic enhancement effects between graphene and Cu.
The Chang Gung Research Database: Multi‐institutional real‐world data source for traditional Chinese medicine in Taiwan
Authors: Shao Shih‐Chieh , Lai Edward Chia‐Cheng , Huang Tse‐Hung , Hung Ming‐Jui , Tsai Ming‐Shao , Yang Yao‐Hsu , Chan Yuk‐Ying 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Chang Gung Research Database (CGRD), the largest multi‐institutional electronic medical records collection in Taiwan, has been used to establish real‐world evidence related to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). We aimed to evaluate patient characteristics and representativeness of TCM patients in CGRD.MethodsWe identified a cohort of patients who had TCM records both from CGRD and from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Database (NHIRD) during 2010–2015 to investigate the representativeness of CGRD for TCM uses. The NHIRD was considered as reference because it covers all medical claims from 99.9% of the entire Taiwanese population. We investigated the coverage rates of TCM patients within CGRD compared to NHIRD, and compared the characteristics of patients between CGRD and NHIRD including age, sex, and 15 health conditions.ResultsWe identified 71 002 average annual patients within the CGRD, which accounted for 1.1% of the patients from the NHIRD. The patients from CGRD were older than those from NHIRD (≥65: 16.6% vs. 9.9% for CGRD vs. NHIRD). The ratios of female over male patients were 1.7 vs. 1.5 for CGRD vs. NHIRD. We found higher patient coverage rates for patients with major comorbidities in CGRD, specifically for neoplasm (9.2%) and mental disorders (6.0%). The most frequently prescribed Chinese herbal medicines in CGRD included Jia‐Wei‐Xiao‐Yao‐San, Xiang‐Sha‐Liu‐Jun‐Zi‐Tang and Gui‐Lu‐Er‐Xian‐Jiao.ConclusionHigher patient coverage rates were found in CGRD for TCM patients with major comorbidities. Investigators should note possible selection bias since TCM patient disorders may be more severe in CGRD than in the NHIRD.
Phenotypic plasticity of European larch radial growth and wood density along a‐1,000 m elevational gradient
Authors: Escobar‐Sandoval Margarita , Pâques Luc , Fonti Patrick , Martinez‐Meier Alejandro , Rozenberg Philippe 
Published: February 2021

Why this research MattersPhenotypic plasticity is a key mechanism for sedentary long‐living species to adjust to changing environment. Here, we use mature Larix decidua tree‐ring variables collected along an elevational transect in the French Alps to characterize the range of individual plastic responses to temperature. Stem cores from 821 mature Larix decidua trees have been collected from four plots distributed along a 1,000‐m elevational gradient in a natural forest to build up individual linear reaction norms of tree‐ring microdensity traits to temperature. The sign, magnitude and spread of variations of the slopes of the individual reaction norms were used to characterize variation of phenotypic plasticity among plots and traits. Results showed a large range of phenotypic plasticity (with positive and negative slopes) at each elevational plot and for each tree‐ring variable. Overall, phenotypic plasticity tends to be larger but positive at higher elevation, negative at the warmer lower sites, and more variable in the center of the elevation distribution. Individual inter‐ring reaction norm is a valuable tool to retrospectively characterize phenotypic plasticity of mature forest trees. This approach applied to Larix decidua tree‐ring micro‐density traits along an elevation gradient showed the existence of large inter‐individual variations that could support local adaptation to a fast‐changing climate.