bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementability of opioid deprescribing interventions at transitions of care: A scoping review
Authors: Wang Jeffery , Schneider Carl R. , Langford Aili V. , Sawan Mouna , Lin Chung‐Wei Christine , Pratama Antonius Nugraha Widhi , Gnjidic Danijela 
Published: December 2024

AbstractContinuation of opioids at transitions of care increases the risk of long‐term opioid use and related harm. To our knowledge, no study has examined the implementability of opioid deprescribing interventions at transitions of care. Our scoping review aimed to identify the type of opioid deprescribing interventions employed at transitions of care and assess the implementability of tested interventions. Nine electronic databases were searched on 15 May 2023 for English‐language studies of adults transitioning between care settings, where opioid deprescribing interventions targeting patients, clinicians or health systems were implemented. Implementability was assessed using the Cochrane Intervention Complexity Assessment Tool for Systematic Reviews to determine intervention complexity, and mapped to the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE‐AIM) framework to understand the process evaluation. A total of 79 studies were identified, with 94.0% (n = 74) examining hospital‐to‐home transitions. Mixed interventions (combination of pharmacological and nonpharmacological) were tested in 49.0% (n = 39) of studies. Pharmacological interventions were identified in 31.0% (n = 24) of studies, and the remaining 20.0% (n = 16) applied nonpharmacological interventions. Mixed interventions comprising multiple components were the most complex and resulted in reduced opioid use across transitions of care in 28.0% (n = 22) of studies. Few studies reported on RE‐AIM dimensions including implementation (5.0% of studies), reach (4.0%), adoption (4.0%) and maintenance (0%). Most opioid deprescribing interventions targeted hospital to home care transition with mixed results in opioid deprescribing. Further research should consider the implementability of interventions during transitions of care to elucidate the impact of opioid deprescribing interventions across care settings.
Hydroxyl chalcone derivative DK02 as a multi‐target‐directed ligand for Alzheimer's disease: A preclinical study in zebrafish
Authors: Haridevamuthu Balasubramanian , Bharti Ankit Kumar , Nayak Santosh Pushpa Ramya Ranjan , Narayanan Dhaareeshwar , Loganathan Sumathi Dhivya , Chagaleti Bharath Kumar , Saravanan Venkatesan , Rajagopal Rajakrishnan , Alfarhan Ahmed , Muthu Kumaradoss Kathiravan , Arockiaraj Jesu 
Published: December 2024

Background and PurposeAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a widespread neurodegenerative condition characterized by amyloid‐beta (Aβ) plaques and tau protein aggregates, leading to significant cognitive decline. Existing treatments primarily offer symptomatic relief, underscoring the urgent need for novel therapies that address multiple AD pathways. This study evaluates the efficacy of DK02, a hydroxyl chalcone derivative, in a scopolamine‐induced dementia model in zebrafish, hypothesizing that it targets several neurodegenerative mechanisms simultaneously.Experimental ApproachWe employed a blend of experiments, including in silico docking, in vitro enzyme inhibition assays and in vivo zebrafish models, to assess therapeutic effects of DK02. Methods included molecular docking to forecast interaction sites, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition testing, and various behavioural and histopathological analyses to gauge DK02's cognitive and neuroprotective impacts.Key ResultsDK02 emerged as a potent AChE inhibitor via virtual screening, and significantly enhanced cognitive functions in zebrafish, by improving memory retention and reducing anxiety‐like behaviours. DK02 also displayed strong antioxidant properties, reducing oxidative stress‐induced neuronal damage. Histopathological analysis confirmed its neuroprotective effects by showing decreased amyloid plaque burden and mitigated structural brain damage.Conclusion and ImplicationsDK02 shows promise as a multi‐target‐directed ligand for AD, offering a new therapeutic path by simultaneously addressing cholinergic, oxidative and amyloid pathways. Its potential to enhance cognitive functions and curtail neurodegeneration suggests advantages over current symptomatic treatments. Further research into DK02 mechanisms and long‐term impacts is essential for its development in AD therapy.
Risk Factors Associated With Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy due to Rare Mutations in Mitochondrial DNA‐Encoded Respiratory Complex I Subunits
Authors: Bayona‐Bafaluy Pilar , Sanz‐Pons Javier , Esteban Olivia , Bueno‐Borghi Luca , Ruiz‐Pesini Eduardo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAn in‐depth analysis of susceptibility factors modifying the penetrance of rare Leber hereditary optic neuropathy‐causing mutations in respiratory complex I genes encoded in mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid has not been performed. To bridge this gap, we conducted a review of the literature on rare mutations associated with LHON, selected those with substantial evidence of pathogenicity, and performed an in‐depth analysis of the various pedigrees. Examining the influences that modify the penetrance of the classical mutations associated with this disease may offer insights into susceptibility factors in individuals carrying the rare mutations.
Family Firms' Boards: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda
Authors: Bettinelli Cristina , Sangermano Andrea , Bergamaschi Mara , Bennedsen Morten 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTResearch Question/IssueDespite the growing interest in family firms (FFs) and their boards of directors (boards), the empirical research remains fragmented, which makes a comprehensive understanding challenging. This review aims to unify the research landscape and to provide a framework for future studies to better understand boards in FFs.Research Findings/InsightsOur analysis of 99 papers published between 2001 and 2023 shows that the literature on boards in FFs relies heavily on input–output models that use archival data. Although traditional perspectives remain dominant, new ideas are gaining traction by recognizing the importance of family ownership, exploring alternative or complementary theoretical lenses, uncovering board processes, and using advanced analytical methods.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsWe propose five research directions: (1) Investigate how family dimensions shape FF boards and their impact on firm outcomes; (2) examine the impact of board characteristics on board decision‐making and effectiveness in FFs; (3) analyze the specific mechanisms through which board processes in FFs influence firm outcomes; (4) expand the research geographically and explore the influence of temporal and institutional contexts on FF boards; and (5) employ a wider range of research methods to study FF boards.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsOur results indicate that research on boards in FFs is evolving and broadening, most notably, through the integration of classical theories borrowed from the general management field (e.g., agency, stewardship, and resource dependence theories) with more specific theories (e.g., socioemotional wealth theory) and themes related to corporate social responsibility.
Developmental phenotype and quality of life in SLC13A5 citrate transporter disorder
Authors: Ozlu Can , Adams Raegan M. , Solidum Rayann M. , Cooper Sydney , Best Carrie R. , Elacio Jennifer , Kavanaugh Brian C. , Spelbrink Emily M. , Brown Tanya L. , Nye Kimberly , Liu Judy S. , Bailey Rachel M. , Goodspeed Kimberly , Porter Brenda E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimTo describe the neurodevelopment and quality of life in SLC13A5 (solute carrier family 13 member 5) citrate transporter disorder (developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 25, DEE25), a rare genetic early infantile epileptic encephalopathy caused by deficiency of a sodium‐citrate transporter, characterized by heavy seizure burden in the neonatal period.MethodWe analyzed longitudinal neurodevelopmental outcomes from a prospective natural history study of DEE25, using standardized assessments of Mullen Scales of Early Learning, Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales.ResultsThere was significant global impairment across the cohort, with variable quality of life and limited genotype–phenotype correlation. Patient‐specific scores were stable across visits with evidence of modest gains in early childhood and static skills in adolescence and adulthood.InterpretationThere is a poor prognosis in terms of multiple measures of age‐appropriate development.
Assessing Disability in Thalassaemia: A Position Statement by the Thalassaemia International Federation
Authors: Farmakis Dimitrios , Angastiniotis Michael , Papingiotis Georgios , Cannon Lily , Eleftheriou Androulla 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThalassemia is not currently conceived per se as a disability, but it can be a disability‐inducing condition if poorly treated or as complications increase with age. People living with thalassemia do not wish, on the one hand, to be considered disabled persons to avoid stigma and loss of opportunities to achieve social inclusion in all paths of life while, on the other, they are in need of lifelong appropriate, disease‐specific health and social care, including disability allowances and schemes, in order to be able to smoothly integrate into society and achieve professional, educational, personal, and social goals. The ongoing debate on whether thalassemia is a disability or not is thus complex and inconclusive and has created a vast heterogeneity of policies and approaches across the globe. Given that the risk to develop disabilities is subject to individualised assessment, the thalassemia International Federation (TIF) proposes a specific disability risk assessment model for thalassaemia (DRAM‐Thal), based on the findings of a targeted literature review and of the TIF survey 2022–2023. This model considers both clinical features and social parameters and is addressed to national healthcare and social services and all other relevant stakeholders. At the same time, this work prompts further research on this understudied topic that heavily affects the rights and daily life of people living with the disease.
Healthcare Utilization Patterns in Sickle Cell Patients and Their Association With Sickle Cell Retinopathy
Authors: Minniti Caterina P. , Suman Pamela D. , Dahlan Kevin , Crouch Andrew , Goodman Michelle , Mian Umar K. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground/AimA few shave identified systemic and hematologic risk factors for Proliferative Sickle Cell Retinopathy (PSR) development. The relevance of healthcare utilization as a risk factor for PSR has not been defined. This study evaluates patterns of healthcare utilization among patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and retinopathy.MethodsA retrospective study of adults with SCD, using EMR, was conducted from January 2017 to December 2019, seen at the Montefiore Medical Center eye clinic.ResultsFour hundred twelve patients with SCD were included in this analysis (65.8% HbSS (SS)) and 34.2% HbSC (SC). HBSS patients had higher utilization of hematology outpatient visits and inpatient admissions than HBSC. For individuals with either HBSC or HBSS disease, higher outpatient healthcare utilization was associated with higher number of inpatient admissions. The prevalence of retinopathy was 24% and 55% in SS and SC patients respectively, with PSR in 60% SS and 87.6% SC of these patients. Patients with HBSC with higher outpatient visits and inpatient admissions experienced significantly lower PSR rates. In contrast, for patients with HBSS, higher outpatient visits were significantly associated with higher PSR prevalence.ConclusionHealthcare utilization patterns in individuals with HBSS and HBSC varied according to their prevalence of PSR. These differences may be useful in stratifying patients' risk for retinopathy development and in deciding follow‐up eye examination frequency.
Impact of Crop Type on Biodiversity Globally
Authors: Fan Shunxiang , Newbold Tim , Tscharntke Teja , Tang Wenhui , Yu Zhenrong , Liu Yunhui 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe negative impact of agricultural land on biodiversity is widely recognized. However, there remains a knowledge gap regarding the role of different crop types in maintaining biodiversity within the agricultural landscape. By extracting biodiversity data from global datasets and classifying different crop types, we quantified the contribution of different crop types to biodiversity. Our results indicate that biodiversity levels vary widely among crop types. We found a general loss of biodiversity when natural vegetation is converted to agricultural land, and highest losses in fiber crops, cereals and oil crops, and least in other crops (such as coffee or cocoa) and in mixed crops. In general, perennial crops retain more biodiversity than annual crops. Losses of biodiversity can be mitigated through mixed cropping of multiple crop types, especially by combining annual and perennial crops. The negative impact of converting natural vegetation to agriculture is greater in tropical than in nontropical areas, and hence, the import of commodities from these biodiversity‐rich regions may be particularly detrimental. Given the ongoing increase in biodiversity losses from global intensification and expansion of agricultural land, maintaining or restoring natural vegetation, rating the crop‐type‐specific biodiversity, diversifying crops, and preferring perennial over annual crops, particularly in the tropics, need to be better considered and implemented in global agri‐environmental schemes.
Corporate culture and debt maturity
Authors: Asad Suzona , Hasan Mostafa Monzur , Qiu Buhui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between corporate culture and debt maturity structure. Utilizing a text‐based measure of corporate culture derived from a cutting‐edge machine learning approach, we uncover a strong positive link between corporate culture and short‐term debt usage. We further find that this relationship is particularly pronounced for firms with high information asymmetry and heightened financing constraints. We conduct several sensitivity analyses that confirm the robustness of our findings. Overall, the findings enhance our understanding of how corporate culture influences corporate financing decisions.
Cold sintering of geopolymer powders
Authors: Lattanzi Lorenzo , Conte Alberto , Sin Augusto , Garcia Javier Mena , Randall Clive A. , Colombo Paolo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGeopolymers (GP) represent a promising class of inorganic materials with diverse applications due to their properties, including high temperature resistance and strong interfacial bonding ability. They are produced through alkali activation of aluminosilicate sources, such as metakaolin or fly ashes. Despite their attractive characteristics, conventional casting methods for GP production often result in prolonged curing times and inferior mechanical properties to OPC or other benchmark materials. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of rapidly densifying GP matrices using cold sintering technology (CSP), a novel approach previously employed in ceramic systems. Through CSP, it was possible to obtain a dense body starting from GP sodium‐based powder with optimal moisture content (10% wt.) under mild isostatic pressure (70 MPa) and moderate temperature (150°C) conditions, with a short duration process (10 min). The resulting products exhibited chemical stability (high resistance to boiling test), high density (> 90% theoretical density) and good mechanical properties (flexural strength equal to 30 MPa and compressive strength over 200 MPa) without requiring additional thermal treatments. SEM, EDS and NMR studies indicated that the predominant densification mechanism was likely to be homogeneous dissolutions and precipitation of the material, consistent with pressure solution creep. Dilatometric tests were performed to track the densification process in real‐time and to determine the activation energy, which revealed an exceptionally low value for the system (21.7 kJ/mol). Our results demonstrate the potential of CSP as a rapid and efficient method for producing high‐quality GP‐based components, paving the way for their broader application in various fields.
Recovery of alkaline proteinases from fisheries wastes: biochemical characterization and applications
Authors: Friedman Ivana Soledad , Contreras Edgardo Martín , Fernández‐Gimenez Analia Verónica 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFish visceral waste, which is normally discarded, is considered one of the richest sources of proteinases with potential biotechnological applications. For this reason, alkaline proteinases from viscera of Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi, Brazilian flathead Percophis brasiliensis, Brazilian codling Urophycis brasiliensis, and stripped weakfish Cynoscion guatucupa were characterized. Individuals were caught by a commercial fleet off the coast of the Argentinean Sea. The intestine and pyloric caeca were dissected out and then minced and triturated with distilled water. The proteinase activity of P. brasiliensis extracts was enhanced by all the ions tested (Mn2+, K+, Na+, Ca+2) while the enzymes of the other species were stable in the presence of those ions, retaining more than 60% of their enzymatic activity. Alkaline proteinases of all species showed extreme stability to 5% v/v surfactants at 60 min (Sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X‐100, Tween 20, Tween 80), and relative stability toward an 6% v/v oxidizing agent (H2O2) and organic solvents 80% (acetone, isopropanol, methanol, ethanol). The enzyme extracts were incubated for 60 min with these compounds. Interestingly, alkaline proteinases from all species were compatible with the commercial detergents (Ala, Skip, and Ace). These results demonstrate that proteinases recovered from a no‐cost sample such as fishery residues can be used for industrial applications, such as detergent formulations.
Early neuropsychological screening and long‐term functional outcome in a sample of patients affected by mild stroke: The ReSCog Project
Authors: Pini Elisa , Pepe Fulvio , Laini Veronica , Ciccarelli Nicoletta , Magni Eugenio 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStroke causes severe long‐term disabilities with a significant reduction in quality of life. This study aims to explore the predictive value of cognitive screening in the acute phase of mild stroke on patients' functional outcome after discharge. A total of 110 patients with mild stroke were recruited. Patients were included in the study if they were discharged directly home from the acute units. The cognitive profile of patients was assessed with the Oxford Cognitive Screen (OCS). The OCS was administered 3–10 days after stroke, providing a five domain‐specific cognitive profile. Long‐term functional outcomes were evaluated by the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 (SIS 3.0), a self‐reported questionnaire that includes physical, cognitive, emotional and social participation dimensions. All patients completed the survey online on average 10 months after stroke. Our results show that OCS is positively associated with physical and cognitive dimensions, after adjusting for age and stroke severity measured by NIHSS at admission. In conclusion, OCS in acute mild stroke seems to be an independent predictor of long‐term functional outcomes and could help clinicians in the long‐term management of patients.
Clinical Trials Conducted on Herbal Remedies for the Treatment of Melasma: A Scoping Review
Authors: Parvizi Mohammad Mahdi , Hekmat Maryam , Yousefi Nahid , Javaheri Rojan , Mehrzadeh Arman , Saki Nasrin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionMelasma, also known as chloasma, is a common skin disorder characterized by acquired hyperpigmentation. Many patients with this condition prefer using herbal remedies instead of chemical agents. This study aims to review clinical trials conducted on the effectiveness of herbal remedies in treating melasma.MethodsIn this scoping review, we searched the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, SID, and Magiran databases until August 2024. We designed the search strategy using MeSH database keywords “melanosis,” “herbal medicine,” “plant extracts,” “complementary therapies,” “traditional medicine,” “Persian medicine,” “clinical trials,” and their Entry Terms. We then reviewed and summarized the relevant articles.ResultsWe found a total of 21 clinical trials examining the effectiveness of herbal remedies in treating melasma. The literature review revealed that licorice, rhubarb, a mixture of melon seed and chickpea, sorrel, Aloe vera leaf gel, parsley, tomato, fern, olive, pine bark, and Indian gooseberry had positive effects in treating melasma. Licorice is the most extensively studied herbal remedy for melasma treatment. Some patients who used licorice, rhubarb, and parsley experienced redness and skin allergies.ConclusionFew studies have evaluated the effectiveness of herbal remedies in treating melasma. Further research, including clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta‐analyses, is necessary to assess the efficacy of herbal remedies and natural products, as well as their potential adverse effects.
Complainer's Dilemma
Authors: Leo Greg , Pate Jennifer 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTechnological innovations have made complaining easier. Often, when it is easy to complain, only problems that meet a high threshold of complaints are addressed. We present a novel model of the strategic environment facing complainers and demonstrate that the properties of the resulting games' equilibria justify the existence of high complaint thresholds. By setting the thresholds appropriately, an administrator can prevent complaints that are not worth addressing. Policies that minimize the cost of complaining while requiring a large threshold are universally more efficient for large constituencies. Our results regarding the equilibrium for large constituencies are facilitated by the application of the Lambert‐W function, demonstrating how this tool can be employed to analyze games with a large number of players. We motivate the model using a rich data set of complaints from New York City.