bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-Equilibrium Carrier Transport in Strongly Coupled Quantum Dot Solids and Heterostructures
Authors: Liu Mengxia , Verma Sachin Dev , Zhang Zhilong , Sung Jooyoung , Rao Akshay 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Understanding and controlling carrier dynamics in colloidal quantum dot (CQD) solids is crucial for unlocking their full potential for optoelectronic applications. The recent development of solution-processing methods to incorporate CQDs into high-mobility semiconducting matrices opens new routes to control simultaneously electronic coupling and packing uniformity in CQD solids. However, the fundamental nature of carrier transport in such systems remains elusive. Here we report the direct visualisation of carrier propagation in metal-halide exchanged PbS CQD solids and quantum-dot-in-perovskite (QDiP) heterostructures via transient absorption microscopy. We reveal three distinct transport regimes: an initial band-like transport persisting over hundreds of femtoseconds, an Auger-assisted sub-diffusive transport before thermal equilibrium is achieved, and a final hopping regime at longer times. The band-like transport was observed to correlate strongly with the extent of carrier delocalisation and the degree of energetic disorder. By tailoring the perovskite content in heterostructures, we obtained a band-like transport length of 90 nm at room temperature and an equivalent diffusivity of up to 106 cm2 s-1 – which is four orders of magnitude higher than the steady-state values obtained for PbS CQD solids. These findings not only shed light on the non-equilibrium dynamics in CQD solids and their influence on carrier transport, but also introduce promising strategies to harness non-equilibrium transport phenomena for more efficient optoelectronic devices.
Protein Function Prediction with Deep Neural Learning
Authors: Zhao Zihao , Zhang Hongwei , Hu Minglei , Yang Ning , Wang Hui , Wang Chao , Jiao Jun , Gu Lichuan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The function of protein is directly related to its structure, and plays a pivotal role in the entire life process. The protein interaction network controls almost all biological cell processes while fulfilling most of the biological functions. In fact, protein function prediction can be regarded as a multi-label classification problem to fill the gap between a huge number of protein sequences and known functions. It is not only a key issue in related research fields, but also a long-standing challenge. Protein function prediction with Deep Neural Network (DNN) almost study data set with small scale proteins based on Gene Ontology (GO). They usually dig relationships between protein features and function tags. It still needs further study for large-scale protein to find useful prediction approaches.Methods: This paper proposed a protein function prediction approach with DNN which used Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA), Intuitionistic Fuzzy c-Means (IFCM), Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) and DNN (IGP-DNN). The features in protein function modules were extracted by combining GOA and IFCM. The KPCA was used to reduce the dimensions of features in protein properties. Both features were integrated to enrich the features information and the integrated features were input into the DNN model. The protein function modules were classified to predict function by computing in hiding level of DNN.Results and conclusion: IGP-DNN combines the advantages of IFCM-GOA and DNN. The combination of IFCM and GOA not only avoids falling into local optimal when extracting function module feature and reduces the over-sensitivity of IFCM for clustering center, but also improves the precision of the protein function module feature extraction. This paper proposes a protein function prediction approach based on DNN. In the model, protein features are composed of the protein function module features that are extracted by using IFCM-GOA and the protein property features that are reduced dimensions by using KPCA to address the noise sensitivity and the other problems during predicting protein function.
Cytoplasmic Expression of DCLK1-S, a Novel DCLK1 Isoform, Is Associated with Tumor Aggressiveness and Worse Disease-Specific Survival in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kalantari Elham , Ghods Roya , Zanjani Leili Saeednejad , Rahimi Mandana , Eini Leila , Razmi Mahdieh , Asadi-Lari Mohsen , Madjd Zahra 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Isoform-specific function of doublecortin-like kinase 1(DCLK1) has highlighted key role of the DCLK1-S (short isoform) in maintenance, progression, and invasion of tumor. Therefore, this study was designed to produce an anti-DCLK1-S polyclonal antibody in order to specifically evaluate expression pattern and clinical significance of DCLK1-S in a well-deﬁned tissue microarray (TMA) series of colorectal tissues including 348 colorectal cancer (CRC) and 51 adjacent normal tissues during a follow-up period of 108 months. Expression of DCLK1-S was significantly higher in CRC samples compared to adjacent normal samples (P < 0.001). Cytoplasmic expression of DCLK1-S was significantly higher in the tumors at advanced stage of the cancer and with poorer differentiation (P<0.001, P= 0.02). The patients with CRC whose tumors showed higher cytoplasmic expression of DCLK1-S had worse disease-specific survival (DSS) (log-rank test, P = 0.03) and 5-year DSS rates (P= 0.01). Additionally, an improved prognostic value was observed in the patients with CRC with high DCLK1-S expression vs. its moderate expression (HR: 2.70, 95% CI: 0.98-7.38; p =0.04) by multivariate analysis. Our findings strongly supported that high cytoplasmic expression of DCLK1-S compared to its moderate expression could be considered as an independent prognostic factor influencing DSS. Taken together, DCLK1-S can be a promising prognostic candidate and targeted-therapeutic indicator for effective treatment of CRC.
Ultraviolet Radiation Protection Potentials of Methylene Blue for Human Skin and Coral Reef Health
Authors: Xiong Zheng-Mei , Mao Xiaojing , Trappio Mason , Arya Chanda , Kordi Jasmin El , Cao Kan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) is a century-old medicine, a laboratory dye, and recently shown as a premier antioxidant that combats ROS-induced cellular aging in human skins. Given MB’s molecular structure and light absorption properties, we hypothesize that MB has the potential to be considered as a sunscreen active for UV radiation protection. In this study, we tested the effects of MB on UVB ray-induced DNA double strand breaks in primary human keratinocytes. We found that MB treatment reduced DNA damages caused by UVB irradiation and subsequent cell death. Next, we compared MB with Oxybenzone, which is the most commonly used chemical active ingredient in sunscreens but recently proven to be hazardous to aquatic ecosystems, in particular to coral reefs. At the same concentrations, MB showed similar broad-spectrum UV light absorption ability as Oxybenzone but significantly outperformed Oxybenzone in the prevention of UVB-induced DNA damage and the clearance of UVA-induced cellular ROS. Furthermore, unlike Oxybenzone, MB-containing seawater did not affect the growth of the coral species Xenia umbellata. Altogether, our study suggests that MB has the potential to be a coral reef-friendly sunscreen active ingredient that can provide broad-spectrum protection against UVA and UVB.
Effect of RGO-Y2O3 and RGO-Y2O3:Cr3+ Nano Composite Sensor for Dopamine
Authors: Shashikumar J , Patil Bheenama , SWAMY B E KUMARA , Nagabhushana H , Sharma S , Lalitha P 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The RGO-Y2O3 and RGO-Y2O3: Cr3+ (5 mol %) nanocomposite (NC) synthesized a simple hydrothermal technique. The structure and morphology of the synthesized NCs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Y2O3:Cr3+ display spherical shaped particles. Conversely, the surface of the RGO displays a wrinkly texture connecting with the existence of flexible and ultrathin graphene sheets. The photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra showed series of sharp peaks at 490, 591, and 687 nm which corresponding to 4F9/2→6H15/2, 4F9/2→6H13/2, and 4F9/2→6H11/2 transitions and lies in the blue, orange, and red region. The prepared NCs were used for the preparation of modified carbon paste electrodes (MCPE) in the electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA) at pH 7.4. Both modified electrodes provide a good electrocatalytic activity for the voltametric detection of DA. Doping is an effective method to improve the conductivity of Y2O3:Cr3+ and developed a method for the sensor used in analytical applications.
Integrated Analysis Identifies Key lncRNA-mRNA Network in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Hu Rou-Mu , Song Tao , Liu Zheng , Yin Xiandong , Yang Xinchun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmias, is associated with the risk of stroke and pronounced morbidity and mortality. The application of biomarkers in the management of AF has been grown as an interesting topic. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to participate in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases by regulating mRNA networks. Results: In this study, we firstly used two AF cohorts to identify circulating lncRNAs and mRNAs with potential diagnostic prediction value. The expression of 8,164 lncRNAs and 14,508 mRNAs were quantified in these two cohorts with lncRNA microarray. By using a stringent threshold (P < 0.01, fold change > 2.0 or < 0.5), we identified 10 lncRNAs and 7 mRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in AF in both cohorts. To further explore the function of these significantly dysregulated lncRNA and mRNA, we performed co-expression analysis by using RNA-seq data of 429 atrial appendage tissue samples. Interestingly, we found a significant lncRNA-mRNA network for 5 lncRNAs (AC109460.1, AL031123.1, MIAT, PTPRG-AS1 and ZNF815P) and 4 mRNAs (D2HGDH, SPNS1, KCND2 and TNFAIP8L3) with Pearson correlation r > 0.3 (all P < 10-8). Moreover, in silico analysis showed that the lncRNA MIAT and PTPRG-AS1 may serve as miRNA sponges to regulate D2HGDH, SPNS1, KCND2 and TNFAIP8L3.Conclusions: Our study suggested that the circulating lncRNA-mRNA network of MIAT and PTPRG-AS1 play an important role in AF and may be considerable diagnostic biomarkers. These results may contribute to the precise diagnosis and early detection of this disease.
Metapopulation of Ellobium Chinense Through The Late-Middle and Late Pleistocene Expansions: Four Covariate COI Hotspots Linked to G-Quadruplex Conformation
Authors: Shin Cho Rong , Choi Eun Hwa , Kim Gyeongmin , Baek Su Youn , Park Bia , Hwang Jihye , Jun Jumin , Kil Hyun Jong , Oh Hyunkyung , Lee Kyungjin , Kim Sa Heung , Lee Jongrak , Suh Seung Jik , Park Dong-min , Suk Ho Young , Lee Yong Seok , Lee Young Sup , Hwang Ui Wook 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The land snail Ellobium chinense (Pulmonata, Ellobiida, Ellobiidae), which inhabits the salt marshes along the coastal areas of northwestern Pacific, is an endangered species on the IUCN Red List. Over recent decades, the population size of E. chinense has consistently decreased due to environmental interference caused by natural disasters and human activities. Here, we provide the first assessment of the genetic diversity and population genetic structures of northwestern Pacific E. chinense. The results analyzed with COI and microsatellites revealed that E. chinense population exhibit metapopulation characteristics, retaining under the influence of the Kuroshio warm currents through expansion of the Late-Middle and Late Pleistocene. We also found four phylogenetic groups, regardless of geographical distributions, which were easily distinguishable by four unidirectional and stepwise adenine-to-guanine transitions in COI (sites 207-282-354-420: A-A-A-A, A-A-G-A, G-A-G-A, and G-G-G-G). Additionally, the four COI hotspots were robustly connected with a high degree of covariance between them. We discuss the role of these covariate guanines which link to form four consecutive G-quadruplexes, and their possible beneficial effects under positive selection pressure.
Small-scale topographic irregularities on Phobos: Image and numerical analyses for MMX mission
Authors: Takemura Tomohiro , Miyamoto Hideaki , Hemmi Ryodo , Niihara Takafumi , Michel Patrick 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The mothership of the Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) will perform the first landing and sampling on the surface of Phobos. For the safe landing, the 2.1 m-wide mothership of the MMX should find a smooth surface with at most 40 cm topographic irregularity, however, whose abundance or even existence is not guaranteed based on current knowledge. We studied the highest resolution images of Phobos for possible topographic irregularities in terms of boulder (positive relief feature) and crater distributions. We find that the spatial number densities of positive relief features and craters can vary significantly; one region has 249/km 2 confirmed positive relief features (and 2,804/km 2 including candidates) and 342/km 2 confirmed craters (1,510/km 2 including candidates) as major negative features. These numbers contrast to another region, where only 46/km 2 positive relief features (260/km 2 including candidates) and 268/km 2 craters (526/km 2 includi ng candidates) exist, indicating that the surface irregularities vary significantly over the entire surface. We extrapolate the size-frequency distributions of positive relief features to evaluate the surface roughness below the image resolution limit. We find that the probabilities that topographic irregularities are <40 cm for the areas of 4 × 4 m and 20 × 20 m are > 65 % and <1 % for boulder-rich areas and >94 % and >41 % for boulder-poor areas, respectively, even for the worst-case estimates. The estimated probabilities largely increase when we reduce the assumed number of positive relief features, which are more realistic cases. These indicate high probabilities of finding a smooth enough place to land on Phobos' surface safely.
Rev-erbα Mediates Steatosis in Alcoholic Fatty Liver Through Regulating Autophagy
Authors: Qing xue , Xu Lei , Wu fei mei , Zhou Wen yi , Yang fa jun , huang cheng , Xu Tao , Li jun , Zhang Lei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
AFL is a liver disease caused by long-term excessive drinking, it is characterized by steatosis. Understanding the regulatory mechanism of steatosis is crucial for the treatment of AFL. Rev-erbα has been implicated in regulation of lipid metabolism. However, the role and the underlying mechanisms of Rev-erbα in AFL remains unknown. In this study, the antagonists or agonists of Rev-erbα as well as Rev-erbα shRNA were applied in vitro and vivo. Triglyceride and lipid droplets accumulation were measured by using TG kit and ORO staining. Lipid synthesis related factor Srebp1c and lipid β-oxidation regulatory factor Pparα were measured by using Western blot, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis. Autophagy activity was measured by western blot and electron microscope, and lysosomal probe was used to labeled lysosomal acidity. We observed that the expression of Rev-erbα was significantly increased in vivo and vitro, and Rev-erbα activation mediated steatosis in L-02 cells. then, inhibition/down-expression of Rev-erbα improved the triglyceride and lipid droplets accumulation and the abnormal expression of Pparα and Srebp1c through enhancing the autophagy activity. Furthermore, down-expression of Rev-erbα up-regulated the nuclear expression of Bmal1, which regulated the autophagy activity in vitro. Collectively, these findings indicate that Rev-erbα induces liver steatosis and leads to the progression of AFL. Our study reveals a novel steatosis regulatorymechanism in AFL and suggest that Rev-erbα might be a potential therapeutic target for AFL.
The Prognostic Value of A Preoperative Lymphocyte Count and C-Reactive Protein Ratio In Osteosarcoma
Authors: Ji Shu-Yu , Tang Hai-Jun , Luo Xiao-Ting , Liang Wei-Feng , Huang Xian-Ying , Liao Shi-Jie , Feng Wen-Yu , Wei Qing-Jun , Liu Yun , He Ju-Liang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Systemic inflammatory response and nutritional status are closely related to tumor development, and both have been recognized as predictors of tumors. Our study investigated the effect on the prognosis of osteosarcoma by analyzing the ratio of lymphocytes to C-reactive protein (LCR) before surgery.Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with osteosarcoma and underwent surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from 2012 to 2019 were included in this retrospective study. The albumin (g/L) +5 × total lymphocyte count (PNI), neutrophil/lymphocyte count (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte count (PLR) and platelet × neutrophil/lymphocyte count (SII) were calculated from preoperative peripheral white blood cells, C-reactive protein and serum albumin. The optimal cutoff values of LCR, PNI, NLR, PLR and SII were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. According to the Optimal cutoff values, LCR, PNI, NLR, PLR and SII were divided into high and low groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the overall survival (OS) between the high and low LCR groups. Univariate analysis was used to determine the influence of age, gender, tumor size, Enneking stage and neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the prognosis of osteosarcoma.The independent predictors of OS were determined by Cox multivariate analysis.Results: The optimal cutoff values for LCR, PNI, NLR, PLR and SII were 0.093, 48.4, 1.23, 157.03 and 314.27, respectively. A low preoperative LCR was significantly correlated with tumor metastasis, stage, NLR, PLR and SII. However, a low preoperative PNI was significantly associated with tumor metastasis, stage, and PLR.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that the postoperative OS was significantly correlated with preoperative LCR and PNI (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that Enneking stage, metastasis and preoperative LCR, PNI, NLR, PLR and SII were important factors affecting OS (P < 0.05). For multivariate analysis, the results revealed that the preoperative LCR (HR, 0.401; 95% CI, 0.199-0.807; P = 0.01) and Enneking stage (HR, 2.717; 95%CI, 1.067-6.919; P = 0.036) is an independent prognostic factor affecting the postoperative OS of osteosarcoma.Conclusions: The high preoperative LCR is strongly associated with longer survival time in patients with osteosarcoma. Enneking stage and preoperative LCR may be important parameters for the prognosis of osteosarcoma.
Interleukin-1 Blockade With RPH-104 in Patients With Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Study Design and Rationale.
Authors: Samsonov Mikhail , Bogin Vlad , Tassel Benjamin Van , Abbate Antonio 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMyocardial injury of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) initiates an intense inflammatory response that contributes to further damage and is a predictor of increased risk of death or heart failure (HF). Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a key mediator of local and systemic inflammatory response to myocardial damage. We postulate that the use of the drug RPH-104, which selectively binds and inactivates both α and β isoforms of IL-1 will lead to a decrease in the severity of the inflammatory response which will be reflected by decrease in the concentration of hsCRP, as well as the rate of fatal outcomes, frequency of new cases of HF, changes in levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and changes in structural and functional echocardiographic parameters. MethodsThis is a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study in which 102 patients with STEMI will receive a single administration of RPH-104 80 mg, RPH-104 160 mg or placebo (1:1:1). The primary endpoint will be hsCRP area under curve (AUC) from Day 1 until Day 14. Secondary endpoints will include hsCRP AUC from Day 1 until Day 28, rate of fatal outcomes, hospitalizations due to HF and other cardiac and non-cardiac reasons during 12-month follow-up period, frequency of new cases of HF, changes in levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP, NT-pro-BNP), changes in structural and functional echocardiographic parameters during 12-month follow-up period compared to baseline. The study started in October 2020 and is anticipated to end in 2Q 2022.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04463251. Registered on July 9, 2020.
Tendon-to-Bone Healing after Repairing Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff tear with a Triple-Loaded Single-row Method in Young Patients
Authors: He He Bei , Hu Yong , Wang Min Cong , Zhu Hui Feng , Meng Yue , Pan Cheng-Long , Wang Tao , Yang Chun Yang , Wang Min , Ou-Yang Jian Feng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Arthroscopic repair has been recommended for young patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tear (RCT), but the healing rates raise concern. The SCOI (Southern California Orthopedic Institute) row has been developed over three decades of experience, which reported an excellent clinical outcome. However, studies that focus purely on a younger patient population remains limited in number. The current study aims to discuss the initial tendon-to-bone healing after repairing full-thickness RCT with SCOI row method in young cohort.Methods: Patients younger than 55 years who had a full-thickness RCT and underwent an arthroscopic repair with SCOI row method were reviewed. Clinical outcome were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-operatively. Visual analog scale (VAS), University of California at Angeles (UCLA) scale and Constant-Murley score were completed to assess pain and function. Active range of motion was also examined, including abduction and flexion of the involved shoulder. Preoperative MRI was performed to assess the condition of torn tendon, while postoperative MRIs in 3 and 6 months post-operatively were carried out to assess the tendon-to-bone healing. Repeated measurement ANOVA and chi-square test were used where applicable.Results: 89 patients (57 males and 32 females) who met the criteria were including in the study, with a mean age of 44.14 ± 8.638 years. Compared with baseline, clinical outcome was significantly improved in 3 and 6 months post operation, supported by improvement in VAS, UCLA score and Constant-Murley score, as well as range of motions. Greater improvement was also noted in 6-month postoperative assessment than 3-month postoperative assessment. Three- and six-month postoperative MRI demonstrated an intact repair in all shoulders, and regeneration of the footprint, which supported the manifestation of tendon-to-bone healing. The mean thickness of regeneration tissue was 7.35±0.76mm when measured in 3-month postoperative MRI, and 7.75±0.79mm in 6-month MRI, which showed statistical difference (P=0.002). The total satisfactory rate reached 93.3%.Conclusion: Arthroscopic primary rotator cuff repair of fullthickness RCT with SCOI row method in patients aged younger than 55 years provides excellent clinical outcomes and rapid regeneration of footprint.
Groundwater Quality Evaluation for Irrigation Suitable Using Geostatistical Algorithms
Authors: Gharbia Abdalkarim S. , Gharbia Salem S. , Zákányi Balázs , Tóth Márton , Szucs Peter 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The groundwater is the primary source for irrigation and other purposes in the Gaza Strip. The low irrigational water quality effects on the soil quality, which interrupts the growth of plants impacting agricultural yield and can cause risk to human health. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the water quality for irrigation uses. Therefore, it is a need to understand irrigation water quality better. This study mainly focuses on the assessment of the suitability of water for irrigation. Water quality indices, known as sodium adsorption ratio, exchangeable sodium per cent (SSP or %Na), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), Kelly’s rate (KR), permeability index (PI), chloroalkaline indices (CAI1 and CAI2), potential salinity (PS), magnesium hazard (MH), total dissolved solids (TDS) and total hardness (TH), have been calculated for several wells. The majority of the wells are falling under the wrong category of water for irrigation purposes.