bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Sphincter Augmentation Outcomes in Severe Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Ferrari Davide , Siboni Stefano , Riva Carlo Galdino , Guerrazzi Guglielmo , Lovece Andrea , Bonavina Luigi 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Outcomes of laparoscopic procedures for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are variable depending on surgical expertise and/or patient-related factors. Some procedures may be inadequate in patients with severe disease. Effectiveness of laparoscopic magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) has not been extensively tested in patients with severe disease.Methods: A prospectively collected database was analyzed to identify patients who underwent MSA at a single institution. Individuals who had previous esophago-gastric surgery were excluded. Severe GERD was defined as lower esophageal sphincter pressure &lt;5 mmHg, distal esophageal amplitude &lt;30 mmHg, Barrett's metaplasia, stricture or grade C-D esophagitis, and/or DeMeester score &gt;50. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe GERD were compared with those of patients with mild to moderate GERD who served as control group.Results: Over the study period, a total of 336 patients met the inclusion criteria, and 102 (30.4%) had severe GERD. The median follow-up was 24 months (IQR = 75) in severe GERD patients and 32 months (IQR = 84) in those with non-severe GERD. Patients with severe GERD had a higher rate of dysphagia and higher GERD-HRQL scores. After the MSA procedure, symptoms, health-related quality of life scores, and proton-pump inhibitors consumption significantly decreased in both groups (p &lt; 0.05). No difference between groups was found in the prevalence of severe post-operative dysphagia, the need for endoscopic dilation or device removal, and the DeMeester score.Conclusion: Laparoscopic MSA is safe and effective in reducing symptoms, PPI use, and esophageal acid exposure also in patients with severe GERD.
Gut Microbiome-Mediated Alteration of Immunity, Inflammation, and Metabolism Involved in the Regulation of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: He Li-Hong , Yao Dun-Han , Wang Ling-Yun , Zhang Lei , Bai Xue-Li 
Published: November 2021

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of end-stage liver disease, leading to a rapidly growing global public health burden. The term “gut microbiome (GM)” refers to the approximately 100 trillion microbial cells that inhabit the host’s gastrointestinal tract. There is increasing evidence that GM is involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and may be a potential target for intervention. To explore GM-based strategies for precise diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD, great efforts have been made to develop a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the host–microbe interaction. This review evaluates this interaction critically, mainly considering the intricate regulation of the metabolism, immunity, and inflammatory status during the evolution of the disease pathogenesis, revealing roles for the GM in NAFLD by examining advances in potential mechanisms, diagnostics, and modulation strategies.Synopsis: Considering the intricate metabolic and immune/inflammatory homeostasis regulation, we evaluate the latest understanding of the host–microbe interaction and reveal roles for the gastrointestinal microbiome in NAFLD. Strategies targeting the gastrointestinal microbiome for the diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD are proposed.
Central Hypoventilation Is a Key Risk Factor for Mechanical Ventilation During the Acute Phase of Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis
Authors: Xu Qianhui , Wang Qian , Han Jing , Mao Fengju , Zeng Silin , Chen Siyan , Zhao Chenyong , Gu Mei , Li Zaiwang , Fu Xuejun , Luo Xiaoguang , Huang Ying 
Published: November 2021

Objective: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an acute form of encephalitis of autoimmune etiology. We aimed to evaluate the risk factors that predicted the need for mechanical ventilation during the acute phase of anti-NMDAR encephalitis through an analysis of the clinical characteristics and biochemical test results of the patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.Methods: In this retrospective study, patients who primarily presented with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and exhibited anti-NMDAR antibody positivity in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) between November 2015 and February 2020 were included. Data on the clinical characteristics, biochemical test results, and treatment methods selected for the patients were collected for the analysis of factors predicting the need for mechanical ventilation.Results: Thirty-one patients with a median age of onset of 31 years (inter-quartile range: 21–48 years) were included in this study, of which 15 were male (48.4%). Psychosis (23, 74.2%), seizures (20, 64.5%), and memory deficit (20, 64.5%) were the most common clinical manifestations. At admission, 17 patients (54.8%) presented with pyrexia, of which 12 (38.7%) had a body temperature ≥38°C, and six patients (19.4%) presented with central hypoventilation. All patients received first-line therapy (glucocorticoids, intravenous immunoglobulin, or plasmapheresis alone or combined), whereas two patients (6.5%) received rituximab, a second-line agent, as well. Seven patents required mechanical ventilation. Results of univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that body temperature ≥38°C [odds ratio (OR) = 18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.79–181.31, P &lt; 0.05] and central hypoventilation at admission (OR = 57.50, 95% CI: 4.32–764.89, P &lt; 0.05) were the risk factors for mechanical ventilation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that central hypoventilation at admission was the only risk factor predicting the need for mechanical ventilation.Conclusion: Central hypoventilation at admission is a key risk factor for mechanical ventilation during hospitalization in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
Berberine Improves Irinotecan-Induced Intestinal Mucositis Without Impairing the Anti-colorectal Cancer Efficacy of Irinotecan by Inhibiting Bacterial β-glucuronidase
Authors: Yue Bei , Gao Ruiyang , Lv Cheng , Yu Zhilun , Wang Hao , Geng Xiaolong , Wang Zhengtao , Dou Wei 
Published: November 2021

Irinotecan (CPT11), a broad-spectrum cytotoxic anticancer agent, induces a series of toxic side-effects. The most conspicuous side-effect is gastrointestinal mucositis, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. A growing body of evidence indicates that bacteria β-glucuronidase (GUS), an enzyme expressed by intestinal microbiota, converts the inactive CPT11 metabolite SN38G to the active metabolite SN38 to ultimately induce intestinal mucositis. We sought to explore the potential efficacy and underlying mechanisms of berberine on CPT11-induced mucositis. Our study showed that berberine (50 mg/kg; i. g.) mitigated the CPT11-induced loss of mucosal architecture, ulceration, and neutrophil infiltration. Meanwhile, berberine improved mucosal barrier function by increasing the number of globlet cells, protecting trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER), reducing permeability and increasing tight junction proteins expression. LC-MS analysis showed that berberine decreased the content of SN38 in feces, which correlated with decreases in both GUS activity and GUS-producing bacteria. Further molecular docking and Lineweaver-Burk plots analyses suggested that berberine functions as a potential non-competitive inhibitor against GUS enzyme. Of note, berberine maintained the anti-tumor efficacy of CPT11 in a tumor xenograft model while abrogating the intestinal toxicity of CPT11. Overall, we identified for the first time the remission effects of berberine on intestinal mucositis induced by CPT11 without impairing the anti-colorectal cancer efficacy of CPT11 partially via inhibiting bacterial GUS enzyme.
Patient’s and the Therapist’s Attachment Representations, Attachment to Therapists, and Self-Esteem-Change Through Psychotherapy
Authors: Petrowski Katja , Berth Hendrik , Beiling Peter , Renner Vanessa , Probst Thomas 
Published: November 2021

Objectives: The present naturalistic study aims to investigate the differential effects of the patient’s and the therapist’s attachment representations on the attachment to the therapist as perceived by the patient, and their impact on self-esteem-change through psychotherapy.Methods: Attachment variables of N = 573 patients as well as N = 16 therapists were assessed. Attachment representations were measured for therapists and patients via the Bielefelder Questionnaire for Client Attachment Exploration, the Relationship Specific Attachment to Therapist Scales and the Adult Attachment Interview. The patient’s attachment to therapists was evaluated and patients’ self-esteem was measured via the Frankfurter Selbstkonzeptskalen at the beginning and end of psychotherapy.Results: Although there were significant effects of the patient’s attachment representations on the perceived attachment to the therapist as well as between the perceived attachment to the therapist and the amount of self-esteem-change, the therapist’s attachment style had no significant influence on the perceived attachment to the therapist.Conclusion: Self-esteem-change through psychotherapy is influenced by the actually formed attachment relationship as perceived by the patient. The patient’s attachment representations but not the therapist’s attachment style contributes to the actual patient’s attachment to the therapist.
Physical Mechanisms of Magnetic Field Effects on the Dielectric Function of Hybrid Magnetorheological Suspensions
Authors: Iacobescu Gabriela-Eugenia , Bica Ioan , Chirigiu Larisa-Marina-Elisabeth 
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we study the electrical properties of new hybrid magnetorheological suspensions (hMRSs) and propose a theoretical model to explain the dependence of the electric capacitance on the iron volumetric fraction, ΦFe, of the dopants and on the external magnetic field. The hMRSs, with dimensions of 30 mm×30 mm×2 mm, were manufactured based on impregnating cotton fabric, during heating, with three solutions of iron microparticles in silicone oil. Flat capacitors based on these hMRSs were then produced. The time variation of the electric capacitance of the capacitors was measured in the presence and absence of a magnetic field, B, in a time interval of 300 s, with Δt=1 s steps. It was shown that for specific values of ΦFe and B, the coupling coefficient between the cotton fibers and the magnetic dipoles had values corresponding to very stable electrical capacitance. Using magnetic dipole approximation, the mechanisms underlying the observed phenomena can be described if the hMRSs are considered continuous media.
Chemical Analysis and In Vitro Bioactivity of Essential Oil of Laurelia sempervirens and Safrole Derivatives against Oomycete Fish Pathogens
Authors: Madrid Alejandro , Morales Ana Lizeth , Saffirio Valentina , Cuellar Mauricio A. , Werner Enrique , Said Bastián , Godoy Patricio , Caro Nelson , Melo Mirna , Montenegro Iván 
Published: November 2021

In this study, the essential oil (EO) from Laurelia sempervirens was analyzed by GC/MS and safrole (1) was identified as the major metabolite 1, was subjected to direct reactions on the oxygenated groups in the aromatic ring and in the side chain, and eight compounds (4 to 12) were obtained by the process. EO and compounds 4–12 were subjected to biological assays on 24 strains of the genus Saprolegnia, specifically of the species 12 S. parasitica and 12 S. australis. EO showed a significant effect against Saprolegnia strains. Compound 6 presents the highest activity against two resistant strains, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum oomyceticidal concentration (MOC) values of 25 to 100 and 75 to 125 µg/mL, respectively. The results show that compound 6 exhibited superior activities compared to the commercial controls bronopol and azoxystrobin used to combat these pathogens.
The Intriguing Structure of Stripes in GRACE Geopotential Models
Authors: Pagiatakis Spiros , Peidou Athina 
Published: November 2021

Geopotential models derived from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission measurements are significantly obscured by the presence of a systematic artifact, known as longitudinal stripes. Based on our previous work (Peidou and Pagiatakis, 2020) we provide an in-depth analysis of the latitudinal sampling characteristics of GRACE and we reveal the intriguing sampling mechanism that creates sub-Nyquist artifacts (stripes). Because the sub-Nyquist artifacts are poorly understood, we provide a simple simulation example to elucidate the mechanism of the sub-Nyquist artifact generation. Subsequently, we randomly select June 2009 daily GPS precise science orbits for GRACE-A to produce ground tracks to sample the low frequency disturbing potential (geoid) along the parallel of ϕ=10° N. The sampled geoid is then deinterlaced in space to produce a monthly data sequence whose detailed analysis shows that the sub-Nyquist artifacts (stripes) are produced from a critical sampling rate of the low degree gravitational field that is related to the ratio m/n of two mutually prime integers, where m is the number of days it takes to have a nearly repeat orbit and n is the number of complete orbits in one day. We perform extensive analyses of GRACE Level-2 data over a period of eight years to show the variability in the orbital characteristics that are directly linked to the orbit resonances (via integers m and n). It turns out that during short repeat cycle resonances the stripes are amplified. Finally, to minimize the presence of stripes in Level-2 data products, it is recommended that orbits of future missions should be designed to avoid the critical m/n ratios while appropriately monitoring and adjusting them during the mission. For completed missions, or missions that are already active, force modelling the latitudinal low frequency disturbing potential may be a viable and most preferred approach to filtering.
Smart cities in China: sustainable or surveyed
Authors: Janus Dominika 
Published: November 2021

China is home to some 800 smart cities projects aspiring to win the global race toward building advanced data-driven society - causing both awe and concern around the world. CCP leadership has been signalling the importance of smart cities development, to the point of including it in national strategy - over the past decade, China has become a global leader in smart city initiatives – advancements in big data and artificial intelligence (AI) powered analysis undoubtedly improved urban management and digital technologies are extensively interwoven into the everyday life of denizens of Chinese cities and villages. The government has been presenting initiatives related to smart city programme as a way of bringing the citizens closer to the state, building a “harmonious society” through a “culture of honesty”. But what is the extent to which integration of citizen into smart systems changes life in data-enabled cities? This paper will present an overview of the findings in current research of the implications of Chinese approach to smart city concept. It will be also an attempt to highlight the crucial elements of cyber security in the context of Internet of Things (IoT) and smart solutions employed in China.
Let us sow the seed of awareness: ideals vs ideologies
Authors: Violano Antonella , De Rossi Filippo 
Published: November 2021

This contingent historical period is characterized by a strong dichotomy: the difficulty of programming and planning the future due to the immanence of the pandemic crisis and the impetus towards innovation in the political world that offers effective instruments to think about production sectors in an eco-oriented key. We will ask Filippo de Rossi, responsible for editing the National Research Programme – NRP 2021-2027 of the Ministry of University and Research about his point of view, his recipe, his secret ingredient so that the world of Research in the construction sector can make a real ecological transition thanks to which an effective strategy for the development of new paradigms, a multi-perspective of Research can be implemented.
Penerapan Algoritma Decision Tree C4.5 Untuk Klasifikasi Mahasiswa Berpotensi Drop out Di Universitas Advent Indonesia
Authors: Sinaga Daniel , Solaiman Edwin J , Kaunang Fergie Joanda 
Published: November 2021

Salah satu faktor yang menentukan kualitas perguruan tinggi adalah persentasi kemampuan mahasiswa untuk menyelesaikan studi tepat waktu. Saat ini, masalah kegagalan studi siswa dan faktor - faktor penyebabnya menjadi topik yang menarik untuk diteliti. Perguruan tinggi perlu mendeteksi perilaku mahasiswa yang memiliki status “tidak diinginkan” tersebut sehingga dapat diketahui faktor - faktor penyebab kegagalannya. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, diperlukan analisa terhadap data-data mahasiswa sepeti Jenis Kelamin, Umur, Agama, Tempat tinggal, IPS, Disiplin, dan Hutang, berdasarkan data mahasiswa yang dimiliki sebanyak 97 data sehingga bisa dimanfaatkan dalam pengolahan data mining. Di mana data mining digunakan untuk menggali dan mendapatkan informasi dari data dengan jumlah besar. Salah satu metode data mining adalah pengklasifikasian data. Dengan menggunakan Metode Klasifikasi dengan konsep Algoritma Decision tree C4.5 menghasilkan accuracy sebesar 90.00%, hasil dari precision adalah 87.50, dan hasil dari recall sebesar 100%. Diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keinginan Lembaga Universitas atau Perguruan tinggi untuk memberikan pikiran yang baik, pandangan, dan kebijakan baru kepada mahasiswa yang memiliki permasalahan dalam perkuliahan, dengan kata lain memaksimalkan mahasiswa dalam upaya peningkatan persentase minat kuliah mahasiswa.
Motivation as Contributing Factor That Impacts Teaching Excellence in Learning
Authors: Dipa Putu Sora 
Published: November 2021

Motivation is known as a dynamic and complex thing that provides an important role in learning related to success and failure. There are many factors that greatly influence the quality of teaching motivation. The quality of teaching will be important in the learning process in various ways in education. Education is an important part of the learning process. Commitment and sincerity are things that should be considered in shaping learning patterns to achieve improvement and change. One of the factors that can influence the learning process is motivation. Teaching motivation is usually influenced by a lot of knowledge and experience from someone so that the topic or information provided can be conveyed properly. This article will explain the various factors that can improve the quality of teaching motivation that influences education and learning.

Keywords: Education, Learning, Teaching Motivation
Penerapan Penyelesaian Sengketa Tata Usaha Negara Melalui Upaya Administrasi: Perbandingan Indonesia, Australia Dan Belanda
Authors: Latief Syafrijal , Chandra Anna Erliyana 
Published: November 2021

Paradigma penyelesaian sengketa tata usaha negara berubah sejak ditetapkannya Undang-Undang Administrasi Pemerintahan Nomor 30 Tahun 2014, upaya administratif dipilih sebagai jalan keluar untuk menyelesaikan sengketa tata usaha negara. Seluruh kasus yang berkaitan dengan pemerintahan, harus diupayakan secara administratif terlebih dahulu sebelum naik banding dan mengajukan tuntutan ke Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara. Penerapan upaya administratif ini dapat menekan sengketa tata usaha negara di peradilan tata usaha negara dan menumbuhkan kepercayaan terhadap internal pemerintahan karena dapat menyelesaikan sengketa melalui mekanisme internal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, jenis dan sumber data yang dipakai adalah data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Sifat penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang, pendekatan kasus, pendekatan historis, pendekatan perbandingan, dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh dari penerapan upaya administratif dalam penyelesaian sengketa tata usaha negara dan membandingkan bagaimana penerapan penyelesaian sengketa tata usaha negara melalui upaya administratif ini di terapkan di negara Australia dan Belanda.
From eye to arrow: Attention capture by direct gaze requires more than just the eyes
Authors: Breil Christina , Huestegge Lynn , Böckler Anne 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Human attention is strongly attracted by direct gaze and sudden onset motion. The sudden direct-gaze effect refers to the processing advantage for targets appearing on peripheral faces that suddenly establish eye contact. Here, we investigate the necessity of social information for attention capture by (sudden onset) ostensive cues. Six experiments involving 204 participants applied (1) naturalistic faces, (2) arrows, (3) schematic eyes, (4) naturalistic eyes, or schematic facial configurations (5) without or (6) with head turn to an attention-capture paradigm. Trials started with two stimuli oriented towards the observer and two stimuli pointing into the periphery. Simultaneous to target presentation, one direct stimulus changed to averted and one averted stimulus changed to direct, yielding a 2 × 2 factorial design with direction and motion cues being absent or present. We replicated the (sudden) direct-gaze effect for photographic faces, but found no corresponding effects in Experiments 2–6. Hence, a holistic and socially meaningful facial context seems vital for attention capture by direct gaze.

Statement of significance
The present study highlights the significance of context information for social attention. Our findings demonstrate that the direct-gaze effect, that is, the prioritization of direct gaze over averted gaze, critically relies on the presentation of a meaningful holistic and naturalistic facial context. This pattern of results is evidence in favor of early effects of surrounding social information on attention capture by direct gaze.
Politiques de filières : le cas de l’Énergie
Authors: Appert Olivier , Geoffron Patrice 
Published: November 2021

Si la transition bas carbone déplace les équilibres au sein du « trilemme énergétique » vers les impératifs environnementaux, les enjeux industriels en forment néanmoins une composante essentielle. Sans engager ici une large discussion sectorielle, nous proposons de revenir sur les conditions de structuration au XX e siècle de deux filières énergétiques, celles du pétrole et du nucléaire, et de poser ensuite quelques éléments d’un cahier des charges en vue de l’émergence d’une filière de l’hydrogène au XXI e siècle. Cet « exercice » permet à la fois de révéler des permanences (un effort continu sur l’ensemble de la filière, formation comprise) et des différences (les règles de la concurrence au sein de l’Europe et dans un monde globalisé). Au-delà de la France, si les Européens disposent déjà d’atouts industriels, la construction d’une filière de l’hydrogène impliquera pour eux un effort sur le très long terme, alors même que ses effets sur la concrétisation des objectifs environnementaux de l’Union européenne à l’horizon 2030 seront limités. Notre conviction est que la construction d’une filière hydrogène tiendra lieu de test de la capacité de cette Union, en quête de souveraineté, à s’inscrire avec constance dans le temps long.
Les Débordements dans le sport. Emprise mentale et agressions sexuelles
Authors: Brohm Jean-Marie 
Published: November 2021

La promiscuité corporelle dans laquelle se déroulent de nombreuses pratiques sportives, les rapports sadomasochistes des affrontements agressifs de la compétition intensive, le « tempérament prédateur » et « l’impulsion rapace » (Thorstein Veblen) des milieux sportifs de haut niveau favorisent les formes d’emprise, d’influence et de captation, les divers abus de confiance et de faiblesse sur des pratiquants mineurs, filles ou garçons, victimes d’agressions sexuelles et de viols, qu’ont révélés de nombreux témoignages et de multiples enquêtes.