bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Ripple Effect, Silence and Powerlessness: Hidden Barriers to Discussing Suicide in Australian Aboriginal Communities
Authors: Heard Todd R , McGill Katherine , Skehan Jaelea , Rose Bronwyn 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Suicide is one of the leading causes of death for Aboriginal Australians. There is an urgent need to actively engage with Aboriginal communities to better understand these issues and to develop solutions together to prevent deaths by suicide in Aboriginal communities.
Methods
Utilising a qualitative, thematic, cross-sectional design, we conducted focus groups in three communities in New South Wales (Australia) to explore the perceptions and views of Aboriginal participants in relation to discussing suicide.
Results
The key themes found to influence discussions about suicide in Aboriginal communities included the sense that suicide is a whole of community issue, the ripple effect of suicide deaths, silence about suicide and the impact of this silence, and being powerless to act. Participants described a reluctance to have discussions about suicide; feeling they had limited skills and confidence to have these sorts of discussions; and multiple and interrelated barriers to discussing suicide, including shame, fear and negative experiences of mental health care. Participants also described how their experiences maintained these barriers and prevented Aboriginal Australians from seeking help in suicidal crises.
Conclusion
Future initiatives should address the interrelated barriers by supporting Aboriginal people to build skills and confidence in discussing suicide and mental health and by improving access to, and the experience of, mental health care and psychosocial and community-based supports for Aboriginal Australians. We suggest trying to address any one of these factors in isolation may increase rather than decrease suicide risk in Aboriginal communities.
Risk Factors For Postoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage After Transsphenoidal Surgery For Pituitary Adenoma: A Meta-Analysis And Systematic Review
Authors: Zhou Zhihuan , Zuo Feifei , Chen Xiaoqun , Zhao Qinqin , Luo Mengna , Jiang Xiaobing , Duan Yuyu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage represents a challenge even for experienced pituitary surgeons. We aimed to quantitatively synthesize data from studies regarding the risk factors for postoperative CSF leakage after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for pituitary adenoma (PA).Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, and VIP database were searched for case–control and cohort studies, focusing on the risk factors associated with postoperative CSF leakage after TSS for PA. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to determine the risk factors.Results: A total of 34 case–control and cohort studies involving a total of 9,144 patients with PA were included in this systematic review. The overall rate of postoperative CSF leakage after TSS for PA was 5.6%. Tumor size, adenoma consistency, revision surgery, and intraoperative CSF leakage were independent risk factors for postoperative CSF leakage (ORs, 3.18–6.33). By contrast, the endoscopic approach showed a slight protective benefit compared with the microscopic approach in TSS (OR, 0.69).Conclusions: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the quality of the evidence base, informing clinical staff of the importance of screening risk factors for postoperative CSF leakage after TSS for PA. More attention should be paid to PA patients at high risk for CSF leakage after TSS to reduce complications and improve prognosis.
Identification of EMT-Related lncRNAs as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Targets for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Deng Yanyao , Hu Hai , Xiao Le , Cai Ting , Gao Wenzhe , Zhu Hongwei , Wang Shuai , Liu Jixing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) can promote carcinoma progression by multiple mechanisms, many studies demonstrated the invasiveness of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) associated with the EMT, but how it acts in a lncRNA dependent manner is unclear. Methods: We investigated 146 PAAD samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and 92 samples from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC). Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) were applied to explore the EMT related long non-coding RNAs (EMTlnc). Univariate Cox regression analysis was performed to screen their prognostic roles in PAAD patients. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression was used to establish an EMT-related lncRNA prognostic signature (EMT-LPS). We also established a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Results: 33 prognostic EMTlnc were identified as prognostic lncRNAs and an EMT-LPS were established. We divided the patients into low- and high-risk subgroups according to corresponding risk scores. The EMT-LPS showed a powerful prognostic predicting ability in stratification analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed the low- and high-risk subgroups had distinct EMT status. Enrichment analysis indicated malignancy correlated biological processes, pathways and hallmarks were more common in the high-risk subgroup. Moreover, we constructed a nomogram that had a strong ability to forecast the overall survival (OS) of the PAAD patients in both datasets. Conclusion: EMT-LPS are important factors in the carcinoma progression of PAAD and may help in decision making regarding the choice of prognosis assessment and provide us clues to design the new drugs for PAAD.
A Novel lncRNA, CTD-2017C7.1, Promotes ESCC Tumorigenesis by Binding to PDIA3 and Activating Oncogenic Gene Expressions
Authors: Wang Liang , Ding Peikun , Zhang Kang , Yang Wenhan , Chen Qianqian , Song Yi , Cheng Guogang , Yang Lin , Ye Shaowu , Sun Liyuan , Zhai Rihong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundlncRNAs are dysregulated in many human cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and are associated cancer development and progression. In the current study, we aimed to elucidate the biological roles of lncRNA CTD-2017C7.1 in ESCC. MethodThe biological functions of CTD-2017C7.1 were determined in vitro and in vivo. RNA pull-down, MS, RIP, RNA-seq, and qRT-PCR assays were employed to investigate the mechanisms of CTD-2017C7.1. ResultsCTD-2017C7.1 was up-regulated in ESCC tissues and cells, and associated with poor clinical outcome. Overexpression of CTD-2017C7.1 promoted cell proliferation, invasion and migration. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of CTD-2017C7.1 resulted in reverse effects. Up-regulation of CTD-2017C7.1 also increased ESCC tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, CTD-2017C7.1 bound to PDIA3 and activated the expressions of oncogenic genes. ConclusionOur study revealed that CTD-2017C7.1 was an oncogenic lncRNA that may be a potential therapeutic target of ESCC.
Clinical Characteristics and Metabolomics Investigation for Patients with Dengue Virus 2 Infection
Authors: Tong Jiepeng , Wu Zhe , Zhang Jiajie , Zhang Li , Yu Wei , Qiu Yunqing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
OBJECTIVES

Dengue is an endemic viral disease affecting tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The aim of this study was to retrospectively study the clinical characteristics of dengue fever (DF) and evaluate the metabolomic changes.
METHODS

The medical records of 50 patients presented with dengue virus 2 (DENV-2) RNA positive were reviewed. Serum was collected from 20 patients diagnosed with DF and 20 healthy volunteers. The changes in serum metabolites were explored by UPLC-Q-TOF MS spectrometer.
RESULTS

Fever, nausea and vomiting, asthenia, skin hyperemia were the most common clinical symptoms. The results of the laboratory examinations showed that leukopenia (76%, 38/50), thrombocytopenia (92%, 46/50), increase of aspartate aminotransferase (96%, 48/50), increase of free fatty acids (FFA) (68%, 34/50), increase of creatine kinase (CK) (44%, 22/50) were more common. Based on orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), 2 up-regulated and 15 down-regulated metabolites were identified, contributing to DF progress to some extent. Among them, LysoPC (18:2(9Z,12Z)) were highly positive correlated with PE (21:0/20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)) and 13'-Hydroxy-alpha-tocopherol. The identified biomarkers were mainly involved in glycerophospholipids metabolism pathway.
CONCLUSIONS

The metabolic abnormalities of glycerophospholipids involved in the occurrence of DF caused by DENV-2.
Efficacy of Abiraterone Acetate For High-Risk Hormone-Naïve Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Comparison With Combined Androgen Blockade Therapy With Bicalutamide And Androgen Deprivation Therapy Alone
Authors: Kanao Kent , Takahashi Takayuki , Umezawa Yuta , Okabe Takashi , Kaneko Gou , Shirotake Suguru , Nishimoto Koshiro , Oyama Masafumi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The treatment landscape for men with metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer (mHNPC) has dramatically changed with the approval of next-generation anti-androgen drugs. We compared the treatment efficacy of abiraterone with that of combined androgen blockade (CAB) therapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) alone in men with high-risk mHNPC.Methods: In total, 146 Japanese men with high-risk mHNPC were retrospectively analyzed. As initial hormonal therapy, 30, 83, and 33 men were treated with ADT plus abiraterone (ABI group), ADT plus bicalutamide (CAB group), and ADT alone (ADT group), respectively. Treatment efficacy was compared using time to castration resistance (TTCR) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response among the groups. Propensity score matching analysis was also performed to adjust for baseline differences.Results: The median (95% confidence interval [CI]) TTCR in the ABI, CAB, and ADT groups were not reached, 10.7 (7.6–13.8) months and 11.0 (7.9–12.4) months, respectively, and it was significantly longer in the ABI group than in the other groups (p=0.0012, p=0.0008). In propensity score matching analysis, the median TTCR was also significantly longer in the ABI group than in the other groups (hazard ratio [HR], 0.47; 95% CI, 0.22–0.98; p=0.010; HR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.12–0.85; p=0.004). The number of men who achieved PSA levels <0.2 ng/mL after propensity score matching were significantly higher in the ABI group than in the other groups.Conclusions: Our results provide important evidence regarding the superiority of abiraterone over CAB therapy and ADT alone for initial treatment for men with newly diagnosed mHNPC.
Prognostic Implications of Valvular Heart Disease in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Samaras Athanasios , Vrana Eleni , Kartas Anastasios , Moysidis Dimitrios V. , Papazoglou Andreas , Doundoulakis Ioannis , Fotos George , Rampidis Georgios , Tsalikakis Dimitrios , Efthimiadis Georgios , Karvounis Haralambos , Tzikas Apostolos , Giannakoulas George 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Valvular heart disease (VHD) in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) is a puzzling clinical entity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic effect of significant VHD (sVHD) among patients with non-valvular AF.Methods: This is a post-hoc analysis of the MISOAC-AF trial (NCT02941978). Consecutive inpatients with non-valvular AF who underwent echocardiography were included. sVHD was defined as the presence of at least moderate aortic stenosis (AS) or aortic/mitral/tricuspid regurgitation (AR/MR/TR). Cox regression analyses with covariate adjustments were used for outcome prediction. Results: In total, 983 patients with non-valvular AF (median age 76 years) were analyzed over a median follow-up period of 32 months. sVHD was diagnosed in 575 (58.5%) AF patients. sVHD was associated with all-cause mortality ﻿(21.6%/yr vs. 1.6%/yr; adjusted HR [aHR] 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-2.06; p = 0.02), cardiovascular mortality ﻿(16%/yr vs. 4%/yr; aHR1.70, 95% CI 1.09-2.66; p = 0.02) and heart failure-hospitalization ﻿(5.8%/yr vs. 1.8%/yr; aHR 2.53, 95% CI 1.35-4.63; p = 0.02). The prognostic effect of sVHD was particularly evident in patients aged <80 years and in those without history of heart failure (p for interaction < 0.05, in both subgroups). After multivariable adjustment, moderate/severe AS and TR were associated with mortality, while AS and MR with heart failure-hospitalization. Conclusion: Among patients with non-valvular AF, sVHD was highly prevalent and beared high prognostic value across a wide spectrum of clinical outcomes, especially in patients aged <80 years or in the absence of heart failure. Predominantly AS, as well as MR and TR, were associated with worse prognosis.
Molecular Characterization, Clinical Significance, Tumor Microenvironment Association and Drug Susceptibility of DNA Methylation-Driven Genes in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Jinpeng , Wu Pengfei , Zhang Wei , Hou Wenbin , Zhao Enyang , Li Xuedong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that DNA methylation has essential roles in the development of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Aberrant DNA methylation acts as a vital role in RCC progression through regulating gene expression, yet little is known about the role of methylation and its association with prognosis in RCC. The purpose of this study is to explore the DNA methylation-driven genes for establishing prognostic-related molecular clusters and providing a basis for survival prediction.Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were calculated by the “limma” R package. DNA methylation-driven genes (MDGs) were identified using the “methylMix” R package. The differentially expressed DNA methylation-driven genes (DEMDGs) were obtained by intersecting MDGs and DEGs. RCC data sets were divided into two groups using “ConsensusClusterPlus” R packet. The prognostic model was constructed based on multivariate Cox regression analysis. Based on the optimal cut-off value of the risk score, the patients were divided into high-risk group and low-risk group. The potential molecular mechanisms of prognostic-related DEMDGs were detected by GO, KEGG and GSEA analysis.Results: In this study, 146 DEMDGs were selected and two clusters were distinguished by consensus clustering. We further evaluated the immune status of two clusters and selected 106 DEGs in cluster 1. Functional enrichment analysis of 106 DEGs and cluster-based immune status analysis provided new insights for the development of RCC. The prognostic model based on 17 DEMDGs was constructed to predict prognosis of RCC patients. The predictive nomogram and the web-based survival rate calculator (http://127.0.0.1:7634/) were built to validate predictive accuracy of prognostic model. Furthermore, the risk scores were strongly associated with clinical features, immune status and drug susceptibility.Conclusion: Novel prognosis-related clusters based on the 146 DEMDGs were constructed and might contribute to precision medicine development. The 17 DEMDGs were utilized to construct a prognostic model for RCC prediction, which was significantly correlated with prognosis, immune infiltration, clinical features and drug sensitivity.
The non-brain anterior nerve center and tentacle crown structure of Owenia borealis (Annelida, Oweniidae): the evolution of the nervous system and tentacles in Bilateria
Authors: Rimskaya-Korsakova Nadezhda , Dyachuk Vyacheslav , Temereva Elena 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The Oweniidae are marine annelids with many unusual features of organ system, development, morphology, and ultrastructure. Together with magelionds, oweniids have been placed within the Palaeoannelida, a sister group to all remaining annelids. The study of this group may increase our understanding of the early evolution of annelids (including their radiation and diversification) and of the morphology of the last common bilaterian ancestor. In the current research, scanning electron microscopy revealed that the tentacle apparatus consists of 10 branched arms. The tentacles are covered by monociliary cells that form a ciliar groove that extends along the oral side of the arm base. Light, confocal, and transmission electron microscopy revealed that head region contains two circular intraepidermal nerves (outer and inner) that give rise to the neurites of each tentacle, i.e., intertentacular neurites are absent. Each tentacle contains a coelomic cavity with a network of blood capillaries. Monociliar myoepithelial cells of the tentacle coelomic cavity form both the longitudinal and the circular muscles. The structure of this myoepithelium is intermediate between simple and pseudo-stratified myepithelium. Overall, tentacles lack prominent zonality, i.e., co-localization of ciliary zones, neurite bundles, and muscles. This organization, which indicates a non-specialized tentacle crown in O. borealis and other oweniids with tentacles, is probably ancestral for annelids and for all Bilateria. The outer circular nerve of O. borealis is a dorsal medullary commissure that apparently functions as an anterior nerve center and is organized at the ultrastructural level as a stratified neuroepithelium. Given the hypothesis that the anterior nerve center of the last bilateral ancestor might be a diffuse neural plexus network, these results suggest that the ultra anatomy of that plexus brain might be a stratified neuroepithelium. Alternatively, the results could reflect the simplification of structure of the anterior nerve center in some bilaterian lineages.
Design and development of nanostructured co delivery of artemisinin and chrysin for targeting hTERT gene expression in breast cancer cell line: possible clinical application in cancer treatment
Authors: Azar Leila Khoshravan , Dadashpour Mehdi , Firouzi-Amandi Akram , Zarghami Nosratollah 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most significant causes of female cancer death worldwide. To explore the possibility of a novel chemo-preventive strategy for improving breast cancer treatment, the anticancer effects of a combination two natural compounds, Artemisinin (Art) and Chrysin (Chr), against T47D breast cancer cells were investigated.Methods: For this purpose, Art and Chr were co-encapsulated in PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) and evaluated for their therapeutic efficacy. The morphology and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses were carried out to optimize the Nano formulations. Drug release study was performed using the dialysis method and then the cytotoxic and inhibitory effect of individual and combined drugs on the expression level of hTERT in the T47D breast cell line was evaluated using MTT assay and qPCR, respectively. Results: The results showed that pure drugs and formulations exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against T47D cells and especially, Art/Chr–PLGA/PEG NPs had a more synergistic anti-proliferative effect and significantly arrested the growth of cancer cells than the other groups. Real-time PCR results revealed that Art, Chr and combination of Art–Chr in pure and encapsulated forms inhibited hTERT gene expression. Conclusions: It was found that Art–Chr–PLGA/PEG NPs relative to pure combination could further decline hTERT expression in all concentrations. Our study demonstrated that Art–Chr–PLGA/PEG NPs based combinational therapy holds promising potential for the treatment of breast cancer.
Segmentation of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and Surrounding Vessels in CT Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks and Texture Descriptors
Authors: Mahmoudi Tahereh , Kouzahkanan Zahra Mousavi , Radmard Amir Reza , Kafieh Raheleh , Salehnia Aneseh , Davarpanah Amir H. , Arabalibeik Hossein , Ahmadian Alireza 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Fully automated and volumetric segmentation of critical tumors may play a crucial role in diagnosis and surgical planning. One of the most challenging tumor segmentation tasks is localization of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Exclusive application of conventional methods does not appear promising. Deep learning approaches has achieved great success in the computer aided diagnosis, especially in biomedical image segmentation. This paper introduces a framework based on convolutional neural network (CNN) for segmentation of PDAC mass and surrounding vessels in CT images by incorporating powerful classic features, as well. First, a 3D-CNN architecture is used to localize the pancreas region from the whole CT volume using 3D Local Binary Pattern (LBP) map of the original image. Segmentation of PDAC mass is subsequently performed using 2D attention U-Net and Texture Attention U-Net (TAU-Net). TAU-Net is introduced by fusion of dense Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) and LBP descriptors into the attention U-Net. An ensemble model is then used to cumulate the advantages of both networks using a 3D-CNN. In addition, to reduce the effects of imbalanced data, a new loss function is proposed as a weighted combination of three classic losses including Generalized Dice Loss (GDL), Weighted Pixel-Wise Cross Entropy loss (WPCE) and boundary loss. Due to insufficient sample size for vessel segmentation, we used the above-mentioned pre-trained networks and fin-tuned them. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the Dice score for PDAC mass segmentation in portal-venous phase by 7.52% compared to state-of-the-art methods in term of DSC. Besides, three dimensional visualization of the tumor and surrounding vessels can facilitate the evaluation of PDAC treatment response.