bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pīr Ratannāth in Devī Pātan: Nāthyogīs, Monastic Networks and Historical Memories Along the Anglo-Gorkha Border
Authors: Kasturi Malavika 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Through my case study of Devī Pātan, a Śāktīpītha Nāthyogī maṭh and temple on the India–Nepal border subordinate to the Gorakhnāth maṭh, my article demonstrates that Nāthyogī monastic networks are produced through spatial practices. Specifically, it focuses on shrines connected with Pīr Ratannāth, also known as Hājjīrattan, a legendary yogī of the Nāth sampradāy, widely worshipped across religious boundaries, who is said to have built Devī Pātan. Through the elusive figure of Ratannāth, I analyse how robust monastic networks focused on pilgrimage, trade and power, ‘made’ space and borders in the colonial and postcolonial period. Devī Pātan’s relationship with the Caughera maṭh in the Gorkha kingdom of Nepal and the Gorakhnāth maṭh in British India and after 1947 illustrates how competitive Nāthyogī monastic networks were historically produced and transformed through struggles between monastic institutions over space, resources and power across fraught borders. Ratannāth’s hagiographies, which emphasise his mobility, elasticity and importance in the world of saint veneration, reflect this world in which competing Nāthyogī nodes of circulation reworked relationships with each other. Simultaneously, they challenged ‘fixed’ cartographic boundaries between British India and the Gorkha kingdom of Nepal before 1947, and thereafter of new nation states. My essay also illustrates that histories of monasticism, space and place which have been memorialised by these shrines in representations of Ratannāth and Devī Pātan in recent times question the hegemonic narratives relating to Ratannāth authorised by the Gorakhnāth maṭh, known today for its close alignment with the Sangh Parivār, and its exclusionary vision of Hindutvā. Thus, the figure of Ratannāth transcends efforts to subordinate such border-crossing yogis to problematic majoritarian cartographic and political projects.
Reasoning between Rules and Discretion: A Comparative Study of the Normative Platform for Best Interest Decision-Making on Adoption in England and Norway
Authors: Helland Hege Stein 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article examines discretionary reasoning in child’s best interest (CBI) assessments in two jurisdictions, England and Norway, in decision concerning adoption from care. The two countries’ systems differ in child protection orientations and levels of discretionary autonomy but share the legal and moral yardstick of the CBI. Judgments from the Family Court in England (n = 29) and the County Social Welfare Board in Norway (n = 29) are analysed through a qualitative content analysis, following the logics of practical reasoning. The analysis provided a rich and detailed testimony of how the CBI decisions were justified and reveal that a similar normative platform was guiding decisions across the countries. There were, however, differences within and between the countries in terms of application and justifications of norms, some of which are likely to be connected to different interpretations of the CBI and others to systemic constructions and discretionary structures. Moreover, having more legislative guidance may have contributed to more explicit and deliberative reasoning in England although it does not appear to ensure consistent or predictable reasoning as inconsistencies and variation were found in both contexts. However, while Norwegian judges’ deliberation was found to be less ‘balanced’, justifications were applied in a similar manner across judgements. Although this contributes to consistency and predictability, the use of non-democratically constituted ‘rules’ in decision-making poses a challenge for legitimate decision-making.
Unraveling the functions of uncharacterized transcription factors inEscherichia coliusing ChIP-exo
Authors: Gao Ye , Lim Hyun Gyu , Verkler Hans , Szubin Richard , Quach Daniel , Rodionova Irina , Chen Ke , Yurkovich James T , Cho Byung-Kwan , Palsson Bernhard O 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBacteria regulate gene expression to adapt to changing environments through transcriptional regulatory networks (TRNs). Although extensively studied, no TRN is fully characterized since the identity and activity of all the transcriptional regulators comprising a TRN are not known. Here, we experimentally evaluate 40 uncharacterized proteins in Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655, which were computationally predicted to be transcription factors (TFs). First, we used a multiplexed chromatin immunoprecipitation method combined with lambda exonuclease digestion (multiplexed ChIP-exo) assay to characterize binding sites for these candidate TFs; 34 of them were found to be DNA-binding proteins. We then compared the relative location between binding sites and RNA polymerase (RNAP). We found 48% (283/588) overlap between the TFs and RNAP. Finally, we used these data to infer potential functions for 10 of the 34 TFs with validated DNA binding sites and consensus binding motifs. Taken together, this study: (i) significantly expands the number of confirmed TFs to 276, close to the estimated total of about 280 TFs; (ii) provides putative functions for the newly discovered TFs and (iii) confirms the functions of four representative TFs through mutant phenotypes.
Management of venous thromboembolism in high-grade glioma: Does low molecular weight heparin increase intracranial bleeding risk?
Authors: Jo Jasmin , Donahue Joseph , Sarai Guneet , Petroni Gina , Schiff David 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) occurs in up to 30% of patients with high-grade glioma (HGG). Concern for increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) with therapeutic anticoagulation (AC) complicates VTE treatment. Some retrospective studies have reported an increased risk of ICH associated with therapeutic AC; however, effective alternatives to AC are lacking. The aim of our study is to assess the risk of ICH in HGG patients with VTE on low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).

Methods
We performed a retrospective matched cohort study of HGG patients from January 2005 to August 2016. Blinded review of neuroimaging for ICH was performed. For analysis of the primary endpoint, estimates of cumulative incidence (CI) of ICH were calculated using competing risk analysis with death as competing risk; significance testing was performed using the Gray’s test. Median survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results
Two hundred twenty patients were included, 88 (40%) with VTE treated with LMWH, 22 (10%) with VTE, not on AC, and 110 (50%) without VTE. A total of 43 measurable ICH was recorded: 19 (26%) in LMWH, 3 (14%) in VTE not on AC, and 21 (19%) in non-VTE cohort. No significant difference was observed in the 1-year CI of ICH in the LMWH cohort and non-AC with VTE group (17% vs 9%; Gray’s test, P = .36). Among patients without VTE, the 1-year CI of ICH was 13%. Median survival was similar among all 3 cohorts.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that therapeutic LMWH is not associated with substantially increased risk of ICH in HGG patients.
Carbon Starved Anther modulates sugar and ABA metabolism to protect rice seed germination and seedling fitness
Authors: Sun Linlin , Yuan Zheng , Wang Duoxiang , Li Jingbin , Shi Jin , Hu Yangyang , Yu Jing , Chen Xiaofei , Chen Sixue , Liang Wanqi , Zhang Dabing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Seed germination is critical for plant survival and agricultural production, which is affected by both internal seed factors and external environmental conditions. However, the genetic basis and underlying molecular mechanisms of early seed germination in crops remain largely unclear. Here, we report that R2R3 MYB transcription factor Carbon Starved Anther (CSA) is expressed specifically in Oryza sativa embryo and aleurone in response to seed imbibition, peaking at 3–6 h and undetectable by 24-h post-imbibition. CSA seeds germinated more quickly than wild-type rice seeds and had higher levels of amylase activity, glucose, and inactive abscisic acid-glucose ester (ABA-GE), but lower levels of ABA. Through analyzing the CSA-associated transcriptome and CSA binding to downstream target genes, we identified two glycolytic genes as direct CSA targets. CSA inhibits Amylase 3A expression to limit glucose production from starch and activates Os3BGlu6 expression to promote de-conjugation of ABA-GE to ABA; these functions serve to slow germination and improve seedling resilience to abiotic stress in the first 3 weeks of growth. Therefore, this study unveils a protection mechanism conferred by CSA during early seed germination by balancing glucose and ABA metabolism to optimize seed germination and stress response fitness.
Dam-break reflection
Authors: Hogg Andrew J , Skevington Edward W G 
Published: August 2021

Summary
The unsteady reflection of dam-break flow along a horizontal channel by a remote barrier is modelled using the nonlinear shallow water equations. The interaction generates an upstream moving bore that connects the collapsing reservoir of fluid to a rapidly deepening fluid layer adjacent to the barrier. These motions are modified when the fluid is released into a channel containing a pre-wetted layer, because the oncoming flow is itself headed by a bore that alters the initial reflection. Solutions for these flows are calculated using quasi-analytical techniques that utilise the method of characteristics and the hodograph transformation of the governing equations, and the results are validated by comparison with direct numerical integration of the shallow water equations. The analytical solutions enable the precise identification of dynamical features in the flow, including the onset and development of discontinuous solutions that are manifest as bores, as well as their long term behaviour, the rate at which energy is dissipated, and for flows generated from the release of a finite reservoir, the maximum depth of the fluid layer at the barrier.
Capital Spillover, House Prices, and Consumer Spending: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from House Purchase Restrictions
Authors: Deng Yinglu , Liao Li , Yu Jiaheng , Zhang Yu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We use a unique quasi-experiment–spillovers from the imposition of purchase restrictions on local housing to nearby unregulated cities–to study the effects of out-of-town housing demand on house prices and consumer spending. While these restrictions effectively stymied the surge in local house prices, they induced capital flight and sharp abnormal increases in house prices in nearby unregulated cities. The effect of the house price increases on consumer spending is positive in the aggregate, but echoing Favilukis and Van Nieuwerburgh (2021), is redistributive, that is, negative for renters and positive for homeowners.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online
Siglec-1 expression on monocytes is associated with the interferon signature in juvenile dermatomyositis and can predict treatment response
Authors: Lerkvaleekul Butsabong , Veldkamp Saskia R , van der Wal M Marlot , Schatorjé Ellen J H , Kamphuis Sylvia S M , van den Berg J Merlijn , Hissink Muller Petra C E , Armbrust Wineke , Vastert Sebastiaan J , Wienke Judith , Jansen Marc H A , van Royen-Kerkhof Annet , van Wijk Femke 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveJDM is a rare chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease with a predominant role for type I IFN responses. We aimed to determine the potential of Siglec-1 expression on monocytes as a novel IFN-inducible biomarker for disease activity monitoring and prediction of treatment response in patients with JDM.MethodsSiglec-1 was measured by flow cytometry on circulating monocytes of 21 newly diagnosed JDM patients before start of treatment and, for 10 of these, also during follow-up. The expression levels of five type I IFN-stimulated genes, MX1, IFI44, IFI44L, LY6E and IFIT3, were measured by RT-qPCR to determine the IFN signature and calculate an IFN score. IFN-inducible plasma proteins CXCL10 and galectin-9 were measured by multiplex immunoassay.ResultsSiglec-1 and IFN score were increased in JDM patients compared with controls and correlated with clinical disease activity. Stratification of patients by Siglec-1 expression at diagnosis identified those with high Siglec-1 expression as having a higher risk of requiring treatment intensification within the first 3 months after diagnosis (55% vs 0% of patients, P = 0.01). Siglec-1 expression strongly correlated with plasma levels of previously validated biomarkers CXCL10 (rs = 0.81, P &lt; 0.0001) and galectin-9 (rs = 0.83, P &lt; 0.0001), and was superior to the IFN score in predicting treatment response (area under the curve 0.87 vs 0.53, P = 0.01).ConclusionSiglec-1 on monocytes is a novel IFN-inducible biomarker in JDM that correlates with clinical disease activity and identifies patients at risk for a suboptimal treatment response. Further studies are required to validate these findings and their clinical potential.
Assessing Confidence in Root Placement on Phylogenies: An Empirical Study Using Nonreversible Models for Mammals
Authors: Naser-Khdour Suha , Quang Minh Bui , Lanfear Robert 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Using time-reversible Markov models is a very common practice in phylogenetic analysis, because although we expect many of their assumptions to be violated by empirical data, they provide high computational efficiency. However, these models lack the ability to infer the root placement of the estimated phylogeny. In order to compensate for the inability of these models to root the tree, many researchers use external information such as using outgroup taxa or additional assumptions such as molecular clocks. In this study, we investigate the utility of nonreversible models to root empirical phylogenies and introduce a new bootstrap measure, the rootstrap, which provides information on the statistical support for any given root position. [Bootstrap; nonreversible models; phylogenetic inference; root estimation.]
UBO registers in the EU and the case of a company controlled by a trust
Authors: Panico Paolo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
UBO registers of companies and trusts are being introduced all over the EU under the 4th and the 5th AML Directive. Very few EU Member States have expressly dealt with the case of an EU company controlled by a trust. The UBO registers of companies are fully open to the public while those of trusts are accessible only to people demonstrating a legitimate interest. This is consistent with the respect of privacy that goes back to the ‘Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen’ of 1789. Some countries such as Belgium and Cyprus have issued regulations requesting that only the trust be mentioned in the UBO register of the underlying company while the details of the UBOs of that trust are filed in the corresponding, non-public register.
A Tale of Two Programs: Assessing Treatment and Control in NREGA Studies
Authors: Bahal Girish 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article revisits impact evaluation studies on the largest public workfare in the world, NREGA. In an environment where randomization is not feasible, I show why an impact evaluation exercise on NREGA should acknowledge the existence of an older program, SGRY. Using novel district-level expenditure data on SGRY, this article shows how ignoring the older program is likely to underestimate the general equilibrium impact of the employment policy on various relevant socioeconomic outcomes. In most cases, ignoring SGRY underestimates NREGA’s impact by 30–40 percent.
Brief Report: “What Is This PrEP?”—Sources and Accuracy of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Awareness Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women Attending Family Planning and Maternal Child Health Clinics in Western Kenya
Authors: Dettinger Julia C. , Pintye Jillian , Dollah Annabell , Awuor Mercy , Abuna Felix , Lagat Harrison , Kohler Pamela , John-Stewart Grace , O'Malley Gabrielle , Kinuthia John , Beima-Sofie Kristin 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery to adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) is scaling up in sub-Saharan African countries. Understanding how AGYW learn about PrEP is needed to inform programs seeking to reach AGYW with HIV prevention tools.

Methods:
AGYW (ages 15–24), attending routine family planning and maternal child health clinics in Kisumu, Kenya, participated in in-depth interviews. AGYW were recruited if they either declined or accepted PrEP when offered that day in clinic or were currently or previously on PrEP. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes related to the type and quality of knowledge sources from which AGYW first became aware of PrEP.

Results:
Overall, 140 in-depth interviews were conducted with AGYW. The median age was 21.5 years (interquartile range: 20.0–23.0), 65% of participants were married, and almost half (45.7%) were currently taking PrEP. Participants reported learning about PrEP from 3 primary sources: (1) clinic-based education; (2) friends, family, or other PrEP users; and (3) media and community outreach. Participants who reported learning about PrEP from friends or family were highly enthusiastic about PrEP. The accuracy and completeness of knowledge varied with most inaccuracies around the cost, dosing, and who benefits from PrEP. Community outreach campaigns provided fewer details, resulting in more inaccurate information and distrust of information received.

Conclusion:
PrEP information reaches AGYW through many sources with variable accuracy and completeness. Training providers and peer leaders to disseminate thorough and accurate PrEP information when counseling AGYW could positively impact acceptance and proper use.
Mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents with chronic health conditions
Authors: Crowe Louise M , Clarke Cathriona , Hearps Stephen , Pugh Remy , Kilpatrick Nicky , Branson Emma , Payne Jonathan M , Haebich Kristina M , McCloughan Natalie , Kintakas Christopher , Charles Genevieve , Trajanovska Misel , Hsieh Ivy , Hartmann Penelope L , King Sebastian , Anderson Nicholas , Anderson Vicki A 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate the changes in mental health and activities of children with chronic health conditions (CHC) during the pandemic. Additionally, to gather information from parents about their children’s healthcare experience, family stressors and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignA prospective longitudinal single site cohort studySettingRoyal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, AustraliaParticipants151 parents of children aged 1.5-17 years (M = 9.8 years, 58.3% male) with a CHC (colorectal disorder, cleft palate and neurofibromatosis type 1) completed the survey.Main outcome measuresAn adapted version of the COVID-19 Wellbeing and Mental Health Survey for Children and Adolescents (Parent/Caregiver version) (CRISIS) was utilised. The CRISIS tool provides data on child’s activities and mental health and parent mental health prior to, and during, the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare experiences families was also examined. Parents completed the Kessler 10.ResultsCompared to pre-COVID lockdown, parents reported their children were experiencing higher rates of loneliness, irritability, worry and anxiety. Parents reported that the restrictions in face-to-face contact with family and friends had been stressful for 80.0% of children. Children’s activities changed considerably during the COVID-19 pandemic with screen time increasing by 40%. Thirty percent of parents reported significant distress of their own. Parents felt telehealth were of poorer quality than face-to-face appointments.ConclusionsChildren with CHC experienced a significant increase in mental health symptoms during lockdown for the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings highlight the increased need for clinical monitoring for children with CHC during periods of community stress and restrictions.
Heterogeneity in COVID-19 Pandemic-Induced Lifestyle Stressors and Predicts Future Mental Health in Adults and Children in the US and UK
Authors: Nikolaidis Aki , DeRosa Jacob , Kass Mirelle , Droney Irene , Alexander Lindsay , Di Martino Adriana , Bromet Evelyn , Merikangas Kathleen , Milham Michael Peter , Paksarian Diana 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIdentifying predictors of mental health symptoms after the initial phase of the pandemic may inform the development of targeted interventions to reduce its negative long-term mental health consequences. In the current study, we aimed to simultaneously evaluate the prospective influence of life change stress, personal COVID-19 impact, prior mental health, worry about COVID-19, state-level indicators of pandemic threat, and socio-demographic factors on mood and anxiety symptoms in November 2020 among adults and children in the US and UK. We used a longitudinal cohort study using the Coronavirus Health Impact Survey (CRISIS) collected at 3 time points: an initial assessment in April 2020 (“April”), a reassessment 3 weeks later (“May”), and a 7-month follow-up in November 2020 (“November”). Online surveys were collected in the United States and United Kingdom by Prolific Academic, a survey recruitment service, with a final sample of 859 Adults and 780 children (collected via parent report). We found subtypes of pandemic-related life change stress in social and economic domains derived through Louvain Community Detection. We assessed recalled mood and perceived mental health prior to the pandemic; worries about COVID-19; personal and family impacts of COVID-19; and socio-demographic characteristics. Levels of mood symptoms in November 2020 measured with the circumplex model of affect. We found 3 life change stress subtypes among adults and children: Lower Social/Lower Economic (adults and children), Higher Social/Higher Economic (adults and children), Lower Social/Higher Economic (adults), and Intermediate Social/Lower Economic (children). Overall, mood symptoms decreased between April and November 2020, but shifting from lower to higher-stress subtypes between time points was associated with increasing symptoms. For both adults and children, the most informative predictors of mood symptoms in November identified by conditional random forest models were prior mood and perceived mental health, worries about COVID, and sources of life change. The relative importance of these predictors was the most prominent difference in findings between adults and children, with lifestyle changes stress regarding friendships being more predictive of mood outcomes than worries about COVID in children. In the US, objective state-level indicators of COVID-19 threat were less predictive of November mood than these other predictors. We found that in addition to the well-established influences of prior mood and worry, heterogeneous subtypes of pandemic-related stress were differentially associated with mood after the initial phase of the pandemic. Greater research on diverse patterns of pandemic experience may elucidate modifiable targets for treatment and prevention.