bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and association of lifestyle and medical‐, psychiatric‐, and pain‐related comorbidities in patients with migraine: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yin Jiu‐Haw , Lin Yu‐Kai , Yang Chun‐Pai , Liang Chih‐Sung , Lee Jiunn‐Tay , Lee Meei‐Shyuan , Tsai Chia‐Lin , Lin Guan‐Yu , Ho Tsung‐Han , Yang Fu‐Chi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMigraine has been associated with many comorbidities. However, lifestyle factors and the presence of comorbid diseases have not previously been extensively studied in the same sample. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle factors and comorbid diseases between patients with migraine and migraine‐free controls with subgroup analyses to determine the pathophysiology and possible consequences.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study recruited 1257 patients with migraine between the ages of 20 and 65 years from a headache outpatient clinic in Taiwan and 496 non‐migraine controls. All participants completed questionnaires regarding demographics, migraine diagnosis, sleep, headache burden, and medical, pain, and psychiatric conditions. Participants also underwent a structured interview. The associations between comorbidities and migraine were investigated and further stratified by sex and aura.ResultsPatients with migraine with aura had an unhealthier lifestyle compared with controls in the form of current smoking status (15.5% [67/431] vs. 11.5% [57/496], p = 0.013). Furthermore, medical‐ (e.g., thyroid disease; 7.2% [91/1257 vs. 2.8% [14/496]; p = 0.006), psychiatric‐ (e.g., depression; 6% [76/1257 vs. 2.6% [13/496]; p = 0.031), and pain‐related (e.g., fibromyalgia; 8% [101/1257 vs. 3.2% [16/496]; p = 0.006) comorbidities were more prevalent in patients compared with controls. Subgroup analyses revealed that chronic migraine, migraine with aura, and female sex were associated with a greater number of significant comorbidities than episodic migraine, migraine without aura, and male patients with migraine, respectively.ConclusionIndividuals seeking treatment for migraine reported greater levels of smoking and medical, psychiatric, and pain conditions than non‐treatment‐seeking healthy controls who were recruited from the community. Understanding the relationship between migraine and comorbid diseases may improve medical care as well as the quality of life.
The efficacy of rituximab treatment for antibody‐mediated rejection in liver transplantation: A retrospective Japanese nationwide study
Authors: Sakamoto Seisuke , Akamatsu Nobuhisa , Hasegawa Kiyoshi , Ohdan Hideki , Nakagawa Ken , Egawa Hiroto 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimAntibody‐mediated rejection (AMR) has been consistently elucidated in liver transplantation (LT); however, the treatment for AMR, including rituximab, has not been indicated as a strongly recommended therapeutic protocol.MethodsThis study was conducted as the Japanese multicenter retrospective study to accumulate data on the use of rituximab for AMR among patients undergoing LT between August 2001 and December 2016. Thirteen patients (five children and eight adults) were enrolled.ResultsThe types of AMR in the pediatric cases were chronic AMR in four cases and indeterminate AMR in one case. Among the pediatric cases, rituximab treatment only showed therapeutic efficacy in two patients with chronic AMR. Among the adult patients, five patients had chronic AMR, and three had acute AMR. Although two patients with chronic AMR died due to graft failure, liver function tests revealed improvement after rituximab treatment in the other patients. Two of the three patients with acute AMR died due to graft failure; rituximab treatment showed no therapeutic efficacy in these cases. Although bacterial infections occurred within 3 months after rituximab administration in three patients, rituximab treatment could be safely administered without any direct adverse effects.ConclusionsThe indication of rituximab therapy as an additional treatment for mild acute AMR and chronic AMR may be feasible; however, a prospective randomized control study is needed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of rituximab treatment for AMR.
Potential application of immunotherapy for modulation of pulp inflammation: opportunities for vital pulp treatment
Authors: Arora S. , Cooper P. R. , Friedlander L. T. , Rizwan S. , Seo B. , Rich A. M. , Hussaini H. M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCaries results in the demineralization and destruction of enamel and dentine, and as the disease progresses, irreversible pulpitis can occur. Vital pulp therapy (VPT) is directed towards pulp preservation and the prevention of the progression of inflammation. The outcomes of VPT are not always predictable, and there is often a poor correlation between clinical signs and symptoms, and the events occurring at a molecular level. The inflamed pulp expresses increased levels of cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐17 and IL‐23, which recruit and drive a complex cellular immune response. Chronic inflammation and sustained cytokine release can result in irreversible pulp damage and a decreased capacity for tissue healing. Other chronic inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis, inflammatory bowel diseases and rheumatoid arthritis, are also characterized by an dysregulated immune response composed of relatively high cytokine levels and increased numbers of immune cells along with microbial and hard–soft tissue destructive pathologies. Whilst anti‐cytokine therapies have been successfully applied in the treatment of these diseases, this approach is yet to be attempted in cases of pulp inflammation. This review therefore focuses on the similarities in the aetiology between chronic inflammatory diseases and pulpitis, and explores how anti‐cytokine therapies could be applied to manage an inflamed pulp and facilitate healing. Further proof‐of‐concept studies and clinical trials are justified to determine the effectiveness of these treatments to enable more predictable outcomes in VPT.
Investigation of alumina doped 45S5 glass as a bioactive filler for experimental dental composites
Authors: Basaran Elalmis Yeliz , Karakuzu Ikizler Burcu , Kilic Depren Serpil , Yucel Sevil , Aydin Ismail 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of inclusion of Al2O3‐doped bioactive glass (BG) and silane treatment on physical properties and bioactivity behavior of resin‐based experimental dental composites (EDCs). Melt‐derived 45S5 BG and alumina doped 45S5 BG were prepared and incorporated into EDCs with and without silanization. EDCs prepared were subjected to three‐point bending, microhardness, water sorption (WS), solubility (S), and bioactivity tests. Using non‐silanized Al2O3‐doped BG in EDCs resulted in improved flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (FM), and microhardness and decreased bioactivity compared to EDCs containing non‐silanized BG. There was no significant difference (p < 0.05) between WS and S results of non‐silanized glass containing EDCs. Using silanized BG and Al2O3‐doped BG resulted in improved FS and FM, decreased WS, S, and bioactivity. Addition of Al2O3‐doped BG as a possible bioactive filler to EDCs improved mechanical performance while slightly decreasing bioactivity compared to BG containing EDCs.
The interaction among religiosity, moral intensity and moral certainty in predicting ethical consumption: A study of Muslim consumers
Authors: Alsaad Abdallah , Elrehail Hamzah , Saif‐Alyousfi Abdulazeez Y. H. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPrior research has paid little attention to the cognitive mechanisms by which religiosity influences ethical consumption. The aim of this study is to explore when and how religiosity might be related to the development of ethical consumption. The study develops an interactionist model describing how religiosity and moral intensity might interact and be linked to the sense of certainty and conviction about the morality of ethical consumption. Data from 333 Muslim participants in Saudi Arabia is analysed using structural equation modelling; it reveals that religiosity and moral intensity are significantly associated with moral certainty which, in turn, predicts ethical consumption intention. Even though religiosity and moral intensity are crucial predictors of moral certainty, the interaction between them has not been proven, indicating that the association between religiosity and moral certainty does not depend on moral intensity. This implies that religiosity is a strong predictor of moral certainty even when recognition of aspects of ethical consumption is minimal.
Family expectations of inpatient mental health services for adults with suicidal ideation: a qualitative study
Authors: Vandewalle Joeri , Debyser Bart , Deproost Eddy , Verhaeghe Sofie 
Published: April 2021

AbstractInvolvement of family members of adults with suicidal ideation is a key area of improvement in inpatient mental health services. To support family involvement in this context, it is crucial to understand what care and treatment family members expect for their relative. This qualitative study based on grounded theory involved interviews with 14 family members, including partners, parents, adult children and siblings. The family members’ expectations of care and treatment in inpatient mental health services were captured by the core element ‘Struggling to remain hopeful while looking through the lens of uncertainty’. This core element interacted with four sub‐elements: assuming safety as a priority, looking for a healing approach and environment, counting on continuity of care and wanting to be involved and supported. The family members fluctuated between hope and uncertainty depending on whether their expectations were met or unmet. Unmet expectations were common and underpinned by a sense of being marginalized during the admission of their relative with suicidal ideation. Mental health professionals, including nurses, can be more empathetic towards the family members and attuned to their expectations. This can underpin partnerships that help families to deal with their feelings of uncertainty and disempowerment. Such partnerships can flourish in recovery‐oriented mental health services that allow meaningful family involvement.
Point‐of‐care testing for influenza in a university emergency department: A prospective study
Authors: Perlitz Benjamin , Slagman Anna , Hitzek Jennifer , Riedlinger Dorothee , Möckel Martin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundSeasonal influenza is a burden for emergency departments (ED). The aim of this study was to investigate whether point‐of‐care (POC) PCR testing can be used to reduce staff sick days and improve diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate whether point‐of‐care (POC) PCR testing can be used to reduce staff sick days and improve diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.MethodsUsing a cross‐over design, the cobas® Liat® Influenza A/B POC PCR test (Liat) was compared with standard clinical practice during the 2019/2020 influenza season. All adult patients (aged ≥ 18 years) with fever (≥38°C) and respiratory symptoms were included. Primary end points were the prevalence of influenza infections in the ED and staff sick days. Secondary end points were frequency of antiviral and antibacterial therapy, time between admission and test result or treatment initiation, patient disposition, ED length of stay (LOS), and for inpatients mortality and LOS. Nurses were interviewed about handling and integration of POC testing. The occurrence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infections coincided with the second half of the study.ResultsA total of 828 patients were enrolled in the study. All 375 patients of the intervention group were tested with Liat, and 103 patients of them (27.6%) tested positive. During the intervention period, staff sick days were reduced by 34.4% (P = .023). Significantly, more patients in the intervention group received antiviral therapy with neuraminidase inhibitors (7.2% vs 3.8%, P = .028) and tested patients received antibiotics more frequently (40.0% vs 31.6%, P = .033). Patients with POC test were transferred to external hospitals significantly more often (5.6% vs 1.3%, P = .01).ConclusionWe conclude that POC testing for influenza is useful in the ED, especially if it is heavily frequented by patients with respiratory symptoms.
Design of two‐stage quick chilling refrigeration system for pig processing in an engineering application
Authors: Xue Lianzheng , Zhang Junrong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe two‐stage chilling technology has been widely used in pig slaughtering and processing, and has achieved good results in reducing weight loss and improving meat quality. The design ideas of very quick intensive chilling (VQIC) system are proposed in this article, such as the cooling load calculation, air cooler arrangement, air supply mode and defrosting system. VQIC temperature is −20°C and chilling time is 1.5 hr at first stage, second‐stage temperature is 0–4°C and chilling time is 16–20 hr. Two‐stage compressor unit with variable frequency, evaporative condenser and ceiling air cooler are preferred to applied in VQIC refrigeration system. In order to defrost air cooler without stopping refrigeration system, there should be redundant air cooler with variable fin pitch in the chilling room. Consideration to the effect of the defrosting and machine oil back to the compressor, water defrosting and hot gas defrosting are shared.Practical ApplicationsQuick chilling is used to pre‐chilling the pig carcass before it enters the cooling room to mature. Two‐stage cooling technology has been widely used in the slaughter and processing of pigs, and has achieved good results in reducing weight loss, inhibiting bacterial reproduction and improving meat quality. The very quick intensive chilling technology has merits in reducing energy consumption and protecting meat quality. Based on practical applications in meat processing plant, the design points of the very quick intensive chilling refrigeration system were explained in the article.
“What Next?”: Toward telebehavioral health sustainability in couple and family therapy
Authors: Hertlein Katherine M. , Drude Kenneth , Jordan Sara S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAs a response to the COVID‐19 global crisis, many in the couple/marital and family therapy (CMFT) professional community quickly met the challenge of providing services to clients via telebehavioral health (TBH) services. As this public health emergency endures, family therapists must continue to engage in TBH practice professionally and ethically. The rapid adoption of TBH with minimal training and experience during this public health emergency can result in crises for both individual therapists as well as for the profession in implementing electronic record‐keeping, conducting virtual sessions, and communicating online with various clinical populations. The risk of insufficient training and supervision create a challenge to new and experienced family therapists. This article summarizes the work done by the profession thus far to respond to this public health emergency and presents a roadmap of recommendations for navigating those challenges into the future and offers ideas about how to sustain quality TBH practice.
Multiband diffusion tensor imaging for presurgical mapping of motor and language pathways in patients with brain tumors
Authors: Jenabi Mehrnaz , Young Robert J , Moreno Raquel , Gene Madeleine , Cho Nicholas , Otazo Ricardo , Holodny Andrei I. , Peck Kyung K. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTBackground and PurposeAssessment of the essential white matter fibers of arcuate fasciculus and corticospinal tract (CST), required for preoperative planning in brain tumor patients, relies on the reliability of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The recent development of multiband DTI (mb‐DTI) based on simultaneous multislice excitation could maintain the overall quality of tractography while not exceeding standard clinical care time. To address this potential, we performed quantitative analyses to evaluate tractography results of arcuate fasciculus and CST acquired by mb‐DTI in brain tumor patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 44 patients with brain lesions who underwent presurgical single‐shot DTI (s‐DTI) and mb‐DTI. We measured DTI parameters: fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD [mm2 s–1]) in whole brain and tumor regions; and the tractography parameters: fiber FA, MD (mm2 s–1), volume (mm3), and length (mm) in the whole brain, arcuate fasciculus, and CST. Additionally, three neuroradiologists performed a blinded visual assessment comparing s‐DTI with mb‐DTI.ResultsThe mb‐DTI showed higher mean FA and lower MD (r > .95, p < .002) in whole brain and tumor regions of interest; slightly higher fiber FA, volume, and length; and slightly lower fiber MD in whole brain, arcuate fasciculus, and CST than in s‐DTI. These differences were significant for fiber FA in all tracts; length (mm) in arcuate fasciculus; and fiber MD (mm2 s–1) and volume (mm3) in all patients with tumor involved in the arcuate fasciculus, CST, and whole brain tracts (p = .001). Visual assessment demonstrated that both techniques produced visually similar tracts.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the clinical potential and significant advantages of preoperative mb‐DTI in brain tumor patients.
The effect of group cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia in postmenopausal women
Authors: Moradi Farsani Hadis , Afshari Poorandokht , Sadeghniiat Haghighi Khosro , Gholamzadeh Jefreh Maryam , Abedi Parvin , Haghighizadeh Mohammad Hossein 
Published: April 2021

SummaryThe menopausal period is associated with several complications in women. One of these complications is sleep disorders including insomnia disorder that can affect all aspects of personal life. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I) on insomnia severity and sleep quality among postmenopausal women. This was a randomised clinical trial in which 46 women were recruited and randomly allocated into two groups, one receiving CBT‐I and a control group. The CBT‐I group received six sessions of training, while the control group received only usual care. A demographic questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), were used to collect the data. The ISI and PSQI were measured at baseline, 3 and 6 weeks after intervention, and in a 4‐week follow‐up. The Independent t test, the chi‐square test, generalised estimating equation models, and Bonferroni correction were applied to analyse the data. According to our results, in the CBT‐I group compared to the control group, the mean ISI, PSQI, sleep onset latency, sleep time, and sleep quality score reduced continuously from baseline to week 3 and from week 3 to week 6, and remained constant from week 6 to week 10. The mean sleep efficiency score improved significantly from baseline to week 3 in the CBT‐I group and remained unchanged until the end of the study. CBT‐I could significantly improve insomnia severity and sleep quality in postmenopausal women. Therefore, using this method is recommended for menopausal women with insomnia.
Progress on the elimination of viral hepatitis in Zimbabwe: A review of the policies, strategies and challenges
Authors: Dzingirai Blessing , Katsidzira Leolin , Matyanga Celia Moffat Joel , Postma Maarten Jacobus , van Hulst Marinus , Mafirakureva Nyashadzaishe 
Published: April 2021

AbstractVery few low‐income countries have developed national plans to achieve the viral hepatitis elimination targets set in the World Health Organization (WHO) strategy. We reviewed the policy environment, strategies and challenges on the fight against viral hepatitis in Zimbabwe. The review focussed on the Ministry of Health and Child Care (MoHCC) policy documents, strategic plans and reports. We performed key informant interviews to enhance evidence generated from the document review. Twelve documents were reviewed and interviews with 10 key informants were completed. The MoHCC established a technical working group to work towards elimination of viral hepatitis. The technical working group drafted a strategic plan for elimination of viral hepatitis; however, it is still awaiting implementation. Key strategies that are working well include screening of donated blood for transfusion, safe injection practices and hepatitis B virus (HBV) three‐dose vaccination. Current challenges in the drive towards elimination of viral hepatitis include poor to non‐existent surveillance systems, lack of epidemiological data, absence of the HBV vaccine birth dose and lack of systematic screening and treatment services for viral hepatitis. In conclusion, despite political will demonstrated towards achieving viral hepatitis elimination, substantial investment and work are required to implement the strategic plan and realize significant success.
The use of linguistic and world knowledge in language processing
Authors: Warren Tessa , Dickey Michael Walsh 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThere has been considerable investigation of the roles that linguistic and world knowledge play during language comprehension. This investigation is important because its results have ramifications for both basic questions about how the mature intact language comprehension system functions and for applied questions regarding how comprehension systems that are impaired by aphasia might function. In the current paper, we review debates and research related to the representation and use of linguistic and world knowledge in language comprehension and then describe a recent computational model that takes both world and linguistic knowledge into account in predicting language comprehension difficulty. We then review empirical work that attempts to characterize the interactions and potential trade‐offs between world and linguistic knowledge during language comprehension, and relate this work to the computational model previously described. We conclude with a brief overview of a few open questions regarding the representation of linguistic and world knowledge.
Two ABC transport systems carry out peptide uptake in Enterococcus faecalis: Their roles in growth and in uptake of sex pheromones
Authors: Segawa Takaya , Johnson Christopher M. , Berntsson Ronnie P‐A. , Dunny Gary M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEnterococcal pheromone‐inducible plasmids encode a predicted OppA‐family secreted lipoprotein. In the case of plasmid pCF10, the protein is PrgZ, which enhances the mating response to cCF10 pheromone. OppA proteins generally function with associated OppBCDF ABC transporters to import peptides. In this study, we analyzed the potential interactions of PrgZ with two host‐encoded Opp transporters using two pheromone‐inducible fluorescent reporter constructs. Based on our results, we propose renaming these loci opp1 (OG1RF_10634‐10639) and opp2 (OG1RF_12366‐12370). We also examined the ability of the Opp1 and Opp2 systems to mediate import in the absence of PrgZ. Cells expressing PrgZ were able to import pheromone if either opp1 or opp2 was functional, but not if both opp loci were disrupted. In the absence of PrgZ, pheromone import was dependent on a functional opp2 system, including opp2A. Comparative structural analysis of the peptide‐binding pockets of PrgZ, Opp1A, Opp2A, and the related Lactococcus lactis OppA protein, suggested that the robust pheromone‐binding ability of PrgZ relates to a nearly optimal fit of the hydrophobic peptide, whereas binding ability of Opp2A likely results from a more open, promiscuous peptide‐binding pocket similar to L. lactis OppA.