bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy and safety of partial thickness femtosecond laser radial and arcuate keratotomy incisions in porcine eyes
Authors: Teuma E. Valas , Bucci Frank A. , Bedi Raman , Gray Gary , Packer Mark 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the accuracy and safety of micro radial and arcuate keratotomy incisions constructed by a femtosecond laser system with a curved contact patient interface in porcine eyes.

Methods
Partial thickness micro radial and arcuate keratotomy incisions were constructed in porcine eyes with a femtosecond laser system and evaluated for precision of depth, quality, and consistency. Optical coherence tomography was used to determine the accuracy and precision of incision depth. Corneal endothelial safety was assessed by a fluorescent live/dead cell viability assay to demonstrate laser-induced endothelial cell loss. Quality was evaluated by ease of opening and examination of interfaces.

Results
In two micro radial incision groups, intended incision depths of 50% and 80% resulted in mean achieved depths of 50.01% and 77.69%, respectively. In three arcuate incision groups, intended incision depths of 80%, 600 μm or 100 μm residual uncut bed thickness resulted in mean achieved depths of 80.16%, 603.03 μm and residual bed of 115 μm, respectively. No loss of endothelial cell density occurred when the residual corneal bed was maintained at a minimum of 85–116 µm. The incisions were easy to open, and interfaces were smooth.

Conclusions
A femtosecond laser system with curved contact interface created precise and reproducible micro radial and arcuate keratotomy incisions. Accuracy and precision of the incision depth and preservation of endothelial cell density demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of the system.
Improved retinal vessel segmentation using the enhanced pre-processing method for high resolution fundus images
Authors: Ali Aziah , Hussain Aini , Wan Zaki Wan Mimi Diyana , Wan Abdul Halim Wan Haslina , Mohd Isa Wan Noorshahida , Hashim Noramiza 
Published: December 2021

Background: By diagnosing using fundus images, ophthalmologists can possibly detect symptoms of retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and retinal detachment. A number of studies have also found some links between fundus image analysis data and other underlying systemic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and kidney dysfunction. Now that imaging technology is advancing further, more fundus cameras are currently equipped with the capability to produce high resolution fundus images. One of the public databases for high-resolution fundus images called High-Resolution Fundus (HRF) is consistently used for validating vessel segmentation algorithms. However, it is noticed that the segmentation outputs from the HRF database normally include noisy pixels near the upper and lower edges of the image. In this study, we propose an enhanced method of pre-processing the images so that these noisy pixels can be eliminated, and thus the overall segmentation performance can be increased. Without eliminating the noisy pixels, the visual segmentation output shows a large number of false positive pixels near the top and bottom edges. Methods: The proposed method involves adding additional padding to the image before the segmentation procedure is applied. In this study, the Bar-Combination Of Shifted FIlter REsponses (B-COSFIRE) filter is used for retinal vessel segmentation. Results: Qualitative assessment of the segmentation results when using the proposed method showed improvement in terms of noisy pixel removal from near the edges. Quantitatively, the additional padding step improves all considered metrics for vessel segmentation, namely Sensitivity (73.76%), Specificity (97.53%), and Matthew’s Correlation Coefficient (MCC) value (71.57%) for the HRF database. Conclusions: Findings from this study indicate improvement in the overall segmentation performance when using the proposed double-padding method of pre-processing the fundus image prior to segmentation. In the future, more databases with various resolutions and modalities can be included for further validation.
Pollution Credit Certificates Theory: An Analysis on the Quality of Solid Waste Management in Brazil
Authors: Jardim Faria de Araujo Marina , Faria de Araújo Marcus Vinícius , De Araujo Jr Antonio Henriques , Medeiros de Barros José Glenio , De Almeida Maria da Glória , Bastos da Fonseca Bernardo , Da Motta Reis José Salvador , Ferreira Motta Barbosa Luís César , Santos Gilberto , De Souza Sampaio Nilo Antonio 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: This paper aims to introduce an economic instrument called Theory of Pollution Credit Certificates in the management of municipal solid waste in Brazil, in order to create opportunities to achieve the goal established in the above mentioned policy at lowest possible social costs.
Methodology/Approach: The methodology adopted has as a starting point the “constructo” of a scenario in which a city comprised of five brazilian districts produces its urban solid waste made up of 50% organic material. In the proposed scenario, similar to what happens in practice, a fee for collection and treatment of organic material would be charged for two different situations.
Findings: The result showed that the use of Pollution Credit Certificates Theory has a better cost-effectiveness for solid waste management because it allows reaching the environmental goal at a lower cost to society.
Research Limitation/Implication: Subjectivity of the analysis, due to the “constructo” proposition in the studies.
Originality/Value of paper: From the results obtained, we inferred that the use of the Pollution Certificates Theory for the management of brazilian municipal solid waste benefits from economies of scale as it allows in the scenario determined, that districts sell their spaces at the landfill and parallel to this, to promote the practice of composting organic waste in the municipality.
A Comparative Empirical Study of Discrete Choice Models in Retail Operations
Authors: Berbeglia Gerardo , Garassino Agustín , Vulcano Gustavo 
Published: December 2021

Choice-based demand estimation is a fundamental task in retail operations and revenue management, providing necessary input data for inventory control, assortment, and price-optimization models. The task is particularly difficult in operational contexts where product availability varies over time and customers may substitute into the available options. In addition to the classical multinomial logit (MNL) model and extensions (e.g., nested logit, mixed logit, and latent-class MNL), new demand models have been proposed (e.g., the Markov chain model), and others have been recently revisited (e.g., the rank list-based and exponomial models). At the same time, new computational approaches were developed to ease the estimation function (e.g., column-generation and expectation-maximization (EM) algorithms). In this paper, we conduct a systematic, empirical study of different choice-based demand models and estimation algorithms, including both maximum-likelihood and least-squares criteria. Through an exhaustive set of numerical experiments on synthetic, semisynthetic, and real data, we provide comparative statistics of the predictive power and derived revenue performance of an ample collection of choice models and characterize operational environments suitable for different model/estimation implementations. We also provide a survey of all the discrete choice models evaluated and share all our estimation codes and data sets as part of the online appendix.This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.
Changes and thresholds in the Forgotten Joint Score after total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Robinson Patrick G. , MacDonald Deborah J. , Macpherson Gavin J. , Patton James T. , Clement Nick D. 
Published: December 2021

Aims The aim of this study was to identify the minimal clinically important difference (MCID), minimal important change (MIC), minimal detectable change (MDC), and patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS) in the Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) according to patient satisfaction six months following total hip arthroplasty (THA) in a UK population. Methods During a one-year period, 461 patients underwent a primary THA and completed preoperative and six-month FJS, with a mean age of 67.2 years (22 to 93). At six months, patient satisfaction was recorded as very satisfied, satisfied, neutral, dissatisfied, or very dissatisfied. The difference between patients recording neutral (n = 31) and satisfied (n = 101) was used to define the MCID. MIC for a cohort was defined as the change in the FJS for those patients declaring their outcome as satisfied, whereas receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the MIC for an individual and the PASS. Distribution-based methodology was used to calculate the MDC. Results Using satisfaction as the anchor, the MCID for the FJS was 8.1 (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.7 to 15.9; p = 0.040), which was affirmed when adjusting for confounding. The MIC for the FJS for a cohort of patients was 17.7 (95% CI 13.7 to 21.7) and for an individual patient was 18. The MDC90 for the FJS was eight, meaning that 90% of patients scoring more than this will have experienced a real change that is beyond measurement error. The PASS threshold for the FJS was defined as 29. Conclusion The MCID and MIC can be used respectively to assess whether there is a clinical difference between two groups, or whether a cohort or patient has had a meaningful change in their FJS. Both values were greater than measurement error (MDC90), suggesting a real change. The PASS threshold for the postoperative FJS can be used as a marker of achieving patient satisfaction following THA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(12):1759–1765.
Entwicklung eines Konzepts zur Managementbewertung nach DIN EN ISO 9001
Authors: Liedtke Patrick , Feuersenger Hannes , Arndt Hans-Knud 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungUm wettbewerbsfähig zu bleiben, streben viele Organisationen eine kontinuierliche Verbesserung mithilfe eines Qualitätsmanagementsystems an. Die Zertifizierung spielt dabei zunehmend eine größere Rolle. Für den Bereich der Qualitätsmanagementsysteme besteht die Möglichkeit, sich nach der DIN EN ISO 9001 zertifizieren zu lassen. Um die Zertifizierung zu erreichen, muss eine sogenannte Managementbewertung durch die oberste Leitung vorgenommen werden, in der die relevanten Bereiche der Organisation evaluiert werden. Ziel ist es, Verbesserungspotenziale rechtzeitig zu erkennen und Korrekturmaßnahmen einzuleiten. Das Vorhaben birgt Schwierigkeiten, da es verschiedene Vorlagen und Definitionen gibt, welche unterschiedliche Inhalte und Ziele aufweisen. Dadurch ist oftmals unklar, welche Aspekte innerhalb der Managementbewertung beziehungsweise zu welchen Detaillierungsgrad diese abgebildet werden sollen. Aus diesem Grund stellt dieser Beitrag ein Konzept vor, um die Managementbewertung einheitlich und normgerecht abzubilden. Das Konzept soll Organisationen eine Hilfestellung für die Erstellung der Managementbewertung bieten. Dabei wurde für die Evaluation eine Befragung in einem mittelständischen Unternehmen durchgeführt.
P007 The Frequency of Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the Moscow Clinical Scientific Center
Authors: Knyazev Oleg , Babayan Anait , Kagramanova Anna , Lishchinskaya Albina , Zvyaglova Mariya , Bodunova Natalya , Firsova Lyudmila , Ogarev Valeriy , Li Irina , Parfenov Asfold 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:
Anxiety and depression occur in a significant number of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The prevalence of anxiety and / or depression is 13-44.4% in patients with IBD compared to 4.4% among the world population.

OBJECTIVE:
To identify the frequency of anxiety and depression in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases in the Moscow Clinical Scientific Center named after A. S. Loginov.

METHODS:
A questionnaire was conducted on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire for 370 patients with moderate to severe UC during the period of exacerbation of the disease.

RESULTS:
Of the 370 patients with UC, 283 (76.48%) had clinical and subclinical signs of anxiety and depression. Subclinical depression was noted in 76 (26.8%), clinically pronounced depression - 11 (3.4%), signs of anxiety had higher indicators-subclinical anxiety was found in 172 (60.8%) of the surveyed patients, pronounced clinical anxiety – in 24 (8.4%) patients with UC. Statistically significant correlations of average strength between the indicators of adherence according to the Morisky - Green questionnaire with scores on the HADS scale, both for anxiety and depression (p < 0.001, r - 0.6299) were revealed Among patients with anxiety and depression, the ratio of patients with high adherence to therapy (HAT) and low adherence to therapy (LAT) was 204 (55,1%) 79 (21,4%), accordingly. When comparing the degree of adherence depending on the presence of anxiety and depression, we found that HAT was associated with anxiety and depression in patients with UC (OR = 0.024; 95% CI 0.003-0.186; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
The prevalence of anxiety and/or depression is 77% in patients with IBD during an exacerbation in the Moscow Clinical Scientific Center named after A. S. Loginov.
P013 Resolution of Infliximab Associated Infusion Hypersensitivity After Switching to Biosimilar Infliximab-dyyb
Authors: Irani Malcolm , Bryant Rosalind , Lofton Heather , Abraham Bincy 
Published: December 2021

CASE:
Background: Administration of infliximab for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease has a well-recognized risk of infusion-related (IR) adverse events. The recent introduction of the biosimilar infliximab-dyyb (Inflectra®) has been shown to have similar efficacy with comparable safety profile when compared to infliximab; however, although the active ingredients are similar, the inactive ingredients are different. We present a case of a 26-year-old female with ulcerative colitis who had resolution of her IR hypersensitivity when switched from infliximab to infliximab-dyyb.

CASE DESCRIPTION:
A 26-year-old female with a past medical history of ulcerative pancolitis presented to our clinic with the chief complaint of rash associated with her infliximab infusions. She described pruritic raised lesions which would occur on her upper and lower extremities during her infusions. She denied any shortness of breath or wheezing, and her symptoms were well controlled with methylprednisolone 40mg IV prior to her infusions. Previously, she had been treated for her UC with oral mesalamine, azathioprine and intermittent prednisone and did not have any adverse reactions to these medications. She has no known allergies to other medications and her peripheral eosinophil count was 1.6%. She was initially started on infliximab 5mg/kg every 8 weeks since 2013 and had achieved clinical as well as endoscopic remission with her most recent colonoscopy graded as Mayo 0. On account of her infusion reaction, drug antibodies were checked but were not detected. Infliximab level was 8.8 μg/ml. Due to insurance she was required to switch to infliximab-dyyb. After switching to the biosimilar, she has not had any infusion related reactions and no longer requires premedication with methylprednisolone with her infusions.

DISCUSSION:
Immediate IR reactions have been reported in 5-23% of IBD patients receiving infliximab and those who develop antibodies towards infliximab have a 2-fold risk of acute IR events. Side effects have been reported to be the primary reason for discontinuation of infliximab, and studies have shown that discontinuation can lead to an increased risk of relapse of inflammatory bowel disease. Although infliximab and infliximab-dyyb have analogous active ingredients, the inactive ingredients differ. Specifically, infliximab-dyyb lacks monobasic sodium phosphate and dibasic sodium phosphate, which acts as an emulsifier which we believe contributed to her IR with originator biologic infliximab. It is important to recognize these differences as IR hypersensitivities may be attributed to inactive ingredients; especially when antibodies are negative. Our case report suggests that a switch to biosimilar infliximab in patients may provide added benefit especially in those that have reactions occurring from inactive ingredients in the originator biologic.
P020 Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy: Providing “Acid” Outcomes in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Under Infliximab Treatment
Authors: Macedo Silva Vítor , Lima Capela Tiago , Freitas Marta , Curdia Gonçalves Tiago , Boal Carvalho Pedro , Dias de Castro Francisca , Moreira Maria João , Cotter José 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:
A recent meta-analysis has suggested that proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy is associated with lower clinical remission rates and a higher number of hospitalizations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) under infliximab therapy. We aimed to assess if these differences kept their significance when adjusted for other possible confounders.

METHODS:
Cohort study of consecutive patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) under infliximab therapy. A minimum follow-up of 54 weeks after introduction of infliximab treatment was required. The analyzed outcomes were deep remission at week 54 and the need of IBD-related hospitalization, corticosteroid treatment or abdominal surgery under infliximab treatment. Collected possible confounders were age, gender, smoking habits, perianal disease, extra-intestinal manifestations, familiar history of IBD and concomitant use of immunomodulators.

RESULTS:
Our final sample included 104 patients, 56 (53.8%) of them females, with a mean age of 38.2±13.1 years. From these, 77 (74.0%) had CD and 27 (26.0%) had UC. PPI therapy was described in 21 (20.2%) of the patients under infliximab treatment. On univariate analysis, PPI users were found to have significantly lower rates of deep remission at week 54 (7.7 vs 28.3%; p = 0.034) and higher IBD-related hospitalization rates (47.6 vs 21.7%; p = 0.034). No differences were found regarding the need of corticosteroid therapy (4.8 vs 10.8%; p = 0.398) or abdominal surgery (33.7 vs 21.7; p = 0.201). When adjusted for the collected confounders by multivariate analysis, while not significantly influencing deep remission at week 54 (OR = 0.16; 95%CI = 0.02-1.63; p = 0.121), concomitant PPI therapy was a significant independent risk factor for IBD-related hospitalization (OR = 3.22; 95%CI = 1.11-9.34; p = 0.04).

CONCLUSION:
Despite not conducting to significantly different deep remission rates, concomitant PPI therapy was associated with a three-fold increase in hospitalization rates in IBD patients under infliximab treatment, even when adjusted for classical risk factors for adverse outcomes in IBD. These findings emphasize the importance of restricting PPI treatment to those with a clear clinical indication, especially in this set of patients.
P057 How Distance Between Residence and Treatment Center Impact the Outcome of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease at CMN 20
Authors: Paredes Amenabar Carlos , Cortes Espinosa Tomas , López Goméz Jesús , Trujillo de la Fuente Korely , Romero Lozania Jose , Perez-Cabeza de Vaca Rebeca , Gerrard Christian Navarro , Narvaéz Mendez Maddy , Christian Navarro Gerrard , Guzmán-Cárcamo Ana , Ramos Gómez Mayra , Suarez Cuenca Juan 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects an estimated 1.6 million people in the United States with at least 70,000 new cases per year. In the last 15 years an increase in frequency of IBD cases from 0.30 cases per 100,000 person-years to 1.83 cases per 100,000 person-years has been reported in Mexico. Variables such as early hospitalization at diagnosis, low hemoglobin levels, high values of C-reactive protein (CRP), fecal calprotectin concentration and absence of mucosal healing during evolution define the prognosis of these patients. However, the distance a patient must travel in order to reach a specialized treatment center can become an impediment for a correct diagnosis and treatment, severely impacting the clinical outcome of such patients.

METHODS:
Observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Objective: In patients with IBD, determine the impact of distance between the residence and specialized treatment center on the general clinical outcome. Variables analyzed: sex, age, disease duration, average travel time, distance in kilometers between place of residence and specialized treatment center, Crohn´s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative Colitis (UC), and their respective severity classification scores, as well as number of hospital readmissions per year. The results were evaluated with ANOVA tests, univariate analysis had a 95% confidence index and a significant “p” determined as p < 0.05.

RESULTS:
The study included 66 patients (45 UC and 21 CD). Mean age 51.15± 17.5 years. The distance between residence and hospital was calculated and classified into 3 quartiles based on proximity: 750km (quartile 3). There was a higher risk among patients in the most distant quartile for the use of biological therapy (OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 0.23- 20.55) and surgery (OR, 2.76, 95% CI 0.49- 15.48). We observed a clear relationship between the number of hospital readmission and the distance quartiles with a p = 0.0047.

CONCLUSION:
We observed an impact between the distance of residence and specialized treatment center over the patient’s clinical outcome. More readmissions, greater disease activity scores, more use of biological therapy and surgery were observed in patients who had to travel more than 750km from their home to their specialized treatment center compared to the other travel quartiles, this with a p = 0.0047.