bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of internal carotid artery bifurcation aneurysm- A clinicoradiological outcome assessment over the last seven years from a tertiary care centre
Authors: Ranjan Ravi , Ranjan Nitish , Maurya Ved Prakash , Bhaisora Kamlesh Singh , Srivast Arun K , Das Kuntal K , Rai Shreyash , Gupta Shubham , Kanjilal Soumen , KVerma Pawan , Kumar Ashutosh , Mehrotra Anant , Jaiswal Awadhesh , Gupta Devendra , Behari Sanjay 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) bifurcation aneurysms are relatively an uncommon entity. These aneurysm contributes less than 5% of the total intracranial aneurysms in the available literature. They are noticed in relatively younger population and their surgical management poses challenges due to close relation to the terminal branches and perforators in the adjoining area. The present retrospective observational study aims to describe the clinical and radiological nuances in the management of ICA bifurcation aneurysms.
Methodology:
All the operated cases of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) managed between January 2017 to December 2023 were included. The clinico-radiological scan, including their three-dimensional computerized tomography (3-D CT) of cerebral angiogram was recorded. The intraoperative details of these patients were collected from the neurosurgery operative records. The patients' follow up details were obtained either by the outpatient department or by telephone.
Results
A total of 33 patients were analysed with a mean age of 44.9 ± 16.5 yrs years. Sudden severe headache and vomiting were the most common presentation. The superomedial orientation 14 (42.4%) was the most common projection of the aneurysm fundus. 27 patients (81.8%) have good outcome (mRS:0–2), six patient (18.2%) had bad outcome (mRS:3–6) and there was no procedure related mortality in this study. The mean follow-up duration was 24.5 ± 4.5 months (range: 8 months to 82 months).
Conclusions
ICA bifurcation aneurysm are challenging subset of intracranial aneurysms and it requires a detailed neuroanatomical knowledge and 3-dimensional orientation of the ICA anatomy before successful clipping of these aneurysms.
Characterization of Flours From by-products of Tropical Fruit and Their Incorporation Into Functional Cheeses
Authors: Neto Veríssimo Vieira , de Almeida Thiago Silva de Almeida Silva , Neto José Joaquim Lopes , Cavalcante Francisco Lucas Pacheco , Cruz Rafael Souza , Rocha Joanna Freitas , Carvalho Ana Fontenele Urano , Santos Luana Maria de Lima 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

An alternative to waste from fruit processing industry is to use them as base for flours, which can posteriorly be used as a food additive. The present study aimed to develop and analyse flours from by-products of pineapple and acerola (FPA and FAC, respectively), and incorporate these flours into “rennet” cheese formulation. FAC and FPA presented optimum levels for all parameters analysed (yield; humidity; fiber; protein; ascorbic acid; acidity and pH), comparable with other flours already produced on an industrial scale. These flours showed potential as alternative to reduce organic waste and as food product being a good source of fiber (41.0 and 53.63% for FPA and FAC, respectively) and ascorbic acid (632.17 and 32.30 mg/100 g for FAC and FPA, respectively). Their incorporation in cheese formulation resulted in a product with antioxidant potential, high fiber content and low lipid concentration, generating a final product with functional claim.
Radio-Anatomical Assessment of Cerebellum Volume in Individuals with Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Acar Musa , Seker Busra , Ugur Sultan 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Alzheimer's disease is a chronic brain disease that includes memory and
language disorders. This disease, which is considered the most common cause of dementia worldwide,
accounts for 60-80% of all dementia cases. Recent studies suggest that the cerebellum may
play a role in cognitive functions as well as motor functions.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted on 40 Alzheimer's patients and 40 healthy individuals.
In our study, volumetric evaluation of the cerebellum was performed.

Results:
As expected, significant differences were found in cerebellar volume reduction in AD patients
compared to healthy controls. Significant volume increase was observed in some regions of
the cerebellum in Alzheimer's patients compared to healthy individuals.

Conclusion:
The findings supported the role of the cerebellum in cognitive functions. Volume reductions
may assist clinicians in making an early diagnosis of AD.
To Risk or Not to Risk? Evaluating Self-medication Practices among Ecuadorian Adults During COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Orellana-Manzano Andrea , Orellana-Manzano Silvia , Vizcaíno María José , Dorado-Sánchez Luis , Segura Yaritza , Alcivar Kerly , Gómez-Franco Fausto , Chuquimarca-Tandazo Lenin , Di Grumo Davide , Andrade-Molina Derly , Ochoa Daniel 
Published: December 2024

Background
Self-medication involves using drugs to treat self-diagnosed disorders or symptoms. According to WHO, it is associated with a high risk among the general population, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective
This study aimed to assess self-medication practices, risks, and severity index among Ecuadorian adults during the first COVID-19 lockdown period in April 2020, using a descriptive non-experimental research design and a hazard risk assessment score analysis.

Material and Methods
A descriptive non-experimental research design was used to assess self-medication practices, risk, and severity index among 364 Ecuadorian adults during the first COVID-19 lockdown period in April 2020. The study utilized an online survey and Hazard-Risk-Assessment-Score (HRAS) analysis of clinically relevant questions. Descriptive statistics were mainly used, integrating Chi-square and ANOVA analysis using R.

Results
Despite a high level of education among the surveyed population, there was a significant risk of medication-related problems, with 63.1% and 26.72% of respondents at the third and fourth risk levels, respectively. Furthermore, 55% were at severe risk of self-medication, while 35% opted for medication therapies recommended on television, social media, or by influencers instead of consulting health professionals. Another 39% took medication before receiving recommendations from a doctor or pharmacist.

Conclusion
The study highlights the need to improve the image of pharmaceutical chemists as part of multidisciplinary health teams, monitor prescriptions of the doctors, and reduce drug side effects to mitigate the risks associated with self-medication.
An Optimized Transmission Mechanism for Mitigating Jamming Attacks
in Multi-Hop Wireless Networks
Authors: Parasuraman Manikandan , Sekaran Ramesh , Kannan Suthendran , Ravi Vinayakumar , Alahmadi Tahani Jaser 
Published: December 2024

Aim:
To address the vulnerability of Multi-Hop Wireless Network Systems (MHWNs)
to jamming attacks and propose an effective solution to maintain communication integrity and
Quality of Service (QoS).

Background:
In MHWNs, the open-access nature makes them susceptible to jamming attacks,
which disrupt communication by interfering with authenticated nodes in the wireless medium. Existing
methods primarily focus on tracking and countering jammers but lack effectiveness in preventing
communication disruptions.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to introduce a novel algorithm, Optimized Transmission
Mechanism (OTM), to mitigate the impact of jamming attacks on MHWNs. OTM aims to optimize
node handover and packet routing to bypass jammed areas, ensuring uninterrupted packet transmission
and preserving QoS.

Methods:
The proposed OTM algorithm determines the optimal transmission route based on radio
transmitter location and connection quality. It prioritizes routes with the highest connection quality
to maintain QoS even in jammed conditions. Additionally, it incorporates mechanisms for packet
redirection away from jammed areas to ensure successful transmission.

Results:
Evaluation of the Extended Optimized Transmission Mechanism (EOTM) demonstrates
significant improvements in packet delivery performance compared to existing algorithms. The enhanced
algorithm effectively mitigates the impact of jamming attacks, ensuring reliable communication
and preserving QoS in MHWNs.

Conclusion:
The proposed OTM algorithm presents a promising approach to counter-jamming attacks
in MHWNs by dynamically routing packets to avoid jammed areas and maintain communication
integrity. The results highlight the effectiveness of EOTM in improving packet delivery performance
and ensuring uninterrupted communication in the face of jamming threats.
An mHealth Intervention With Financial Incentives to Promote Smoking Cessation and Physical Activity Among Black Adults: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Alexander Adam , Businelle Michael , Cheney Marshall , Cohn Amy , McNeill Lorna , Short Kevin , Frank-Pearce Summer , Bradley David , Estrada Kimberly , Flores Iván , Fronheiser Jack , Kendzor Darla 
Published: December 2024

Background
Black adults in the United States experience disproportionately high rates of tobacco- and obesity-related diseases, driven in part by disparities in smoking cessation and physical activity. Smartphone-based interventions with financial incentives offer a scalable solution to address these health disparities.

Objective
This study aims to assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a mobile health intervention that provides financial incentives for smoking cessation and physical activity among Black adults.

Methods
A total of 60 Black adults who smoke (≥5 cigarettes/d) and are insufficiently physically active (engaging in <150 min of weekly moderate-intensity physical activity) will be randomly assigned to either HealthyCells intervention (incentives for smoking abstinence only) or HealthyCells+ intervention (incentives for both smoking abstinence and daily step counts). Participants will use study-provided smartphones, smartwatches, and carbon monoxide monitors for 9 weeks (1 wk prequit date through 8 wk postquit date). Feasibility will be evaluated based on recruitment rates, retention, and engagement. The primary outcomes include carbon monoxide–verified, 7-day smoking abstinence at 8 weeks postquit date and changes in average daily step count. Feasibility benchmarks include a recruitment rate of ≥5 participants per month, a retention rate of ≥75%, and a smoking abstinence rate of ≥20% at 8 weeks postquit date. Expected increases in physical activity include a net gain of 500 to 1500 steps per day compared to baseline.

Results
Recruitment is expected to begin in February 2025 and conclude by September 2025, with data analysis completed by October 2025.

Conclusions
This study will evaluate the feasibility of a culturally tailored mobile health intervention combining financial incentives for smoking cessation and physical activity promotion. Findings will inform the design of larger-scale trials to address health disparities through scalable, technology-based approaches.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05188287; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05188287

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/69771
Science Before Dinner: Science popularization in Francoist Spain through the Los Progresos Científicos Broadcast
Authors: Boleda Jordi Ferran 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Through the case study of Manuel Vidal Españó (1905-1984), a Spanish engineer and science popularizer, this paper addresses some features of science popularization in Franco’s dictatorship (1939-1975), such as the apolitical and uncritical techno-optimism and the (dis)continuities with the previous political regime. Vidal Españó conducted science radio talks on Radio Barcelona from 1924 until the late 1960s, particularly in his show Los Progresos Científicos (the Scientific Advances), which broke the typical one-way radio communication, establishing a dynamic relationship with his audience. His techno-optimistic and uncritical stance toward science and technology was a strategic approach for navigating the Francoist regime, allowing him to express occasional dissent. In addition to analysing his adaptation to new political conditions, the article explores his connection with the public, illustrating how an effective exchange of knowledge emerged, revealing the working classes’ understanding of science and technology during Francoism.
The Public Image of Soviet Science During Franco’s Spain
Authors: Ruiz-Castell Pedro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
During the second half of the 1950s, Spain received economic and technological assistance from the Western bloc, which encouraged a transformation of the country’s socioeconomic structures. Spanish political leaders adopted a technocratic approach to increase the efficiency and economic growth of the State. However, they also aimed to normalize relations and establish commercial agreements with Eastern European countries as a form of external support for their new economic policy. After years of exploiting anti-Communism to enhance political stability, many Spaniards became suspicious of the Soviets and were convinced of the threat that their political ideology represented. To depoliticise such relations and mobilise consensus, the press developed a new rhetoric towards the Soviet Union. This had a significant impact on how scientific and technological news were presented in Spanish newspapers, particularly when reporting on the progress of the space race and nuclear physics.
On Race and Miscegenation: Portuguese Racial Studies During the 1930s and 1940s
Authors: Cabrita Alexandra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the first half of the twentieth century, miscegenation was widely discussed internationally, particularly as to the possibility of being biologically harmful. In Portugal, the scientific debate on miscegenation was complex, being generally in tune with different positions that aligned with political agendas of the dictatorial regime.
In the 1930s and 1940s, the Portuguese scientific debate regarding miscegenation, which in general favoured its rejection, was nuanced, reflecting different perspectives on inheritance, eugenics, and evolution.
This article aims at elucidating how different racial and inheritance conceptions contributed to the nuanced scientific discourse on miscegenation in Portugal. While considering eugenics, it will focus on publications within the field of Anthropobiology, particularly related to inheritance, physiology and human biochemistry, from the Anthropology schools of Porto and Coimbra. The article opens a window into a rarely studied topic: the way Portuguese scholars regarded miscegenation during the first decades of the Estado Novo, in connection with their ideological and scientific concerns.
The Empiricist Impulse: Doers and Thinkers in Sixteenth-Century Spain
Authors: Portuondo María M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This essay explores the tension that existed between empiricism and the metaphysical underpinnings of Aristotelian natural philosophy in Spain during the sixteenth century. This tension was most apparent in the range of science practitioners described in this essay as “Doers” and “Thinkers.” Using the figures of cosmographer Andrés García de Céspedes, architect Juan de Herrera, and theologians Benito Arias Montano and Francisco Suárez, this essay explains how they engaged with the limitations, but also the strengths of pre-Galilean natural philosophy.
Lessons from a Book in Alba Iulia Tamás Balásfi: Epinicia, 1616
Authors: Ajkay Alinka 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The only complete copy of Tamás Balásfi’s Epinicia Benedicto Nagi known today is preserved among the old books at the Batthyaneum in Alba Iulia (Gyulafehérvár). This work was published in Pozsony in 1616. According to current knowledge, only three copies of this small volume, consisting of about forty pages, have survived. The copy in the Hungarian National Library is missing the entire first sheet (A), including the title page and dedication, as well as two pages from the end. This small book is particularly significant for the study of Péter Pázmány’s controversial writings before his archbishopric, representing the final piece in a series of polemics (1614–1616) written against the Lutherans of Western Transdanubia. Pázmány became archbishop in 1616 and was either unable or unwilling to continue engaging in this controversy, leaving Tamás Balásfi to conclude the polemic on his behalf. At the end of this paper, I will provide a transcription of a missing part from the Budapest copy: the Latin dedication at the beginning of the book.
Land: Distribution, Concentration, and Social Meanings
Authors: Töhötöm Szabó Á. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The analysis argues that the social history and meaning of landed property is far from a closed process, and makes the important point that land should be seen as an integral part of the human world, society and culture. As such, we need to map out the roles and meanings that land assumes in particular social situations. In this sense, the land is a kind of social actor, not an entity outside society, independent of it, behaving and changing in a certain sense. Thus, the study sees land as endowed with agency in relation to human society, a land that can be seen as elastic even in its physical extent, as the wrangling over restitution has shown. The first three parts of this paper will review the social meanings of land and the issue of land reform. The fourth part illustrates the evolution of these meanings through some concrete examples of Transylvanian rurality.
The Capital Structure Dynamics of SMEs in Kosovo: Evidence Using Panel Data
Authors: Qerimi Argjentë , Balaj Driton , Krasniqi Besnik A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper evaluates the applicability of capital structure theories in assessing the financial choices made by SMEs in Kosovo. Additionally, it examines whether previously studied determinants of capital structure, such as firm age and size, liquidity, profitability, firm growth, asset structure, effective tax rate, and non-debt tax shield, can explain the capital structure choices of SMEs in Kosovo. Utilizing annual firm-level data, a panel data methodology is employed to test empirical hypotheses on a sample of 90 SMEs in Kosovo from 2013 to 2018. Dynamic panel model findings reveal that the financial behavior of Kosovo’s SMEs is influenced not only by internally generated funds but also by various specific firm characteristics, including liquidity, effective tax rate, non-debt tax shield, size, asset structure and growth. Finding aligns with the pecking order theory, which suggests that more profitable SMEs tend to rely less on debt financing. The study offers implications and recommendations for both firms’ managers and policymakers.
Prospective teachers’ attitudes towards using Indonesian in English classes: Does study duration matter?
Authors: Subekti Adaninggar Septi , Arrang Judith Ratu Tandi , Kurniawati Lemmuela Alvita , Tulaktondok Linerda 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This survey study aimed to investigate the attitudes of Indonesian second/foreign language (L2) learners of English towards the use of Indonesian, learners’ first language (L1), in English class and to see whether learners’ study duration influenced these attitudes. 101 prospective English teachers in their first, second, third, and fourth year of study at the English Language Education department participated in this study. Descriptive statistics revealed that learners held very positive attitudes toward using Indonesian in English classes. Through a chi-square test of independence, it was also found that these attitudes did not significantly differ among learners from different batches. Informed by the findings, pedagogical implications include adjustment of assessments allowing learners to practice L2 more, enhancing exposure to L2 in and outside the class, and conducting confidence-building activities allowing learners to use L2 in a more relaxing environment, minimising fear of making mistakes. Suggested directions for future studies include conducting longitudinal or comparative studies assessing how bilingual instruction or learners' attitudes towards it contribute to learning outcomes. Investigating how these attitudes affect learners' language skills, such as listening and speaking, is also strategic.
The Relationship between the Reorganization of Higher Education Institutions' Operations in Poland During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Student Loyalty
Authors: Sojkin Bogdan , Bartkowiak Paweł , Michalak Szymon 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to determine the nature of the relationship between the reorganization of higher education institutions in Poland, including the quality of online class delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic, and student loyalty - using the Net Promoter Score (NPS). Given the sudden transition to online learning, HEIs faced challenges in delivering educational continuity, with varying degrees of success across institutions. The study was conducted on a sample of 2,832 Polish students. Using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), the main components were identified for various variables pertaining to the functioning, organization, and delivery of online classes, as well as for aspects associated with university operations during the COVID-19 pandemic. In terms of administrative and organizational support, as well as technical and didactic assistance during the pandemic, universities were rated relatively highly. However, respondents held a slightly less favorable view of the atmosphere and practical value of online classes. The lowest ratings were given to the offerings for professional and academic development. Our findings also indicate a higher satisfaction among female and part-time students, and a positive correlation between administrative efficiency and student loyalty. The analysis also reveals that first-year students and graduate-level participants displayed higher loyalty, while loyalty tended to decrease with the length of study. In the area of student loyalty, the analysis of NPS indicates that first-year undergraduate students and graduate students exhibit a higher level of loyalty – the NPS values were positive, although overall relatively low. Regarding the factors influencing loyalty, the strongest correlations with student loyalty were observed in the case of the administrative and organizational efficiency of the university and the technical and didactic support in remote education – higher correlation values were recorded for female students and part-time students. These findings highlight critical areas for HEIs to address in enhancing stu-dent satisfaction and loyalty in a rapidly changing educational environment.
Preliminary Studies on the Utilization of Silicomanganese Slurry
Authors: Dumitrache Mariana Ionela , Traistă Camelia , Lang Mihaela Dana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Silico-manganese sludges are a waste resulting from the ferroalloy industry, more precisely from the manufacture of silico-manganese. From a technological point of view, they come from the sludge resulting from the filtration of furnace gases. From a chemical point of view, they are made up of a large number of combinations of manganese and silicon. The manganese content varies widely between 5-35% MnO. Due to the fact as there are limitations for the manganese content in waters and soils, the presence of these sludge deposits constitutes a permanent risk of environmental contamination. In addition to the definitive closure (greening) of the deposit, there is also the possibility of valorizing this waste. The present paper presents the preliminary research carried out to identify a sustainable technology for the recovery of useful elements from the sludge.