bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of thermoactivation on properties of mineral additives in dry mixtures
Authors: Loganina V I , Laskov N N , Boldyrev G G 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Information on the effect of thermal activation of silicate and aluminosilicate rocks used as a filler in dry building mixtures on their reactivity of interaction with lime binder is presented. The change in the distribution of acidic Bronsted and Lewis centers on the filler surface as a result of thermal activation is shown. It was found that the number of Bronsted and Lewis acid centers on the surface of fired clays exceeds the number of the same centers on the surface of unbaked clays. The number of adsorption centers at pKa from 0 to 7 and pKa> 13 on the surface of fired diatomite is 2.435 * 10-5 mol/g, and on the surface of unbaked diatomite -1.678 * 10−5 mol/g. The heat treatment of diatomite at low temperatures (2000C and 3000C) does not significantly affect the values of the compressive strength of the mortar. An increase in the firing temperature to 7000C leads to an increase in strength characteristics up to R = 4.38 MPa. However, the greatest effect is achieved when diatomite is fired at a temperature of t = 9000C. The value of the ultimate strength in compression was R = 5.1 MPa.
On the reduction of hydraulic resistance based on the hydrophobization of functional surfaces
Authors: Dasaev M R , Trushin E S , Kalakutskaya O V , Voloshenko A P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Analysis of various studies has shown that one of the most promising ways to reduce hydraulic resistance in pipelines during transportation of liquid fluid is a method based on changing the wettability of functional surfaces, i.e. hydrophobization. This paper presents the results of experimental studies of the effect of hydrophobization of pipe surfaces on hydraulic losses. For this purpose, experimental tube samples of steel (20Kh13) were made, on the surface of which a spiral relief was formed using laser equipment, resulting in a hydrophobic state, and the value of the contact angle was 160.7°. From the analysis of the results of experimental studies, the dependence of hydraulic resistance on Reynolds number was obtained, from which it follows that the use of hydrophobic surfaces during water transportation helps to reduce the hydraulic resistance to 9.7%.
The use of plant materials for the synthesis of superplasticizer
Authors: Poluektova V A , Cherkashina N I , Starchenko S A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The paper presents data on the synthesis of phloroglucinol-furfural modifier (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene-2-furaldehyde oligomer) based on 2-furaldehyde (furfural) and 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene (phloroglucinol). The synthesis of a modifier with different molar ratios of phloroglucinol/furfural was carried out. It was found that an increase in the molar ratio leads to an increase in the plasticizing ability of the modifier. The optimal concentration of the catalyst was determined to be equal to 50% by weight of phloroglucinol. Two chemical forms of the modifier were obtained: H-form and Na-form. The structure of various forms of the modifier has been studied by scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the oligomers used in the work for the synthesis of the modifier, in addition to 2-furyl methyl alcohol, do not have plasticizing properties. Purified 2-furyl methyl alcohol has weak plasticizing properties. It is shown that to achieve the best plasticizing effect, it is necessary to gradually introduce a condensing agent into the reaction mixture. With gradual introduction, a complete condensation reaction occurs between the monomers, which affects the improvement of the plasticizing properties of the resulting product. The spread of the cement mixture when using 0.3% of the additive based on the mass of cement in terms of dry matter is 19 cm.
Synthesis of Different Nanoparticles for Biological Application
Authors: Deng Zhaoren , Gong Ming , Li Yue 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Compared with traditional materials, the application of nanomaterials in biomedical fields will bring many excellent performances. This review summarizes some new developments and applications of nanoparticles in recent years from the perspective of biology and medicine, including magnetic resonance imaging, treatment for Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes and plant infection disease, oxygen-releasing scaffolds, engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) based sanitizer, drug loading system and cancer treatment. This article summarized and discussed the synthesis methods, characterization, advantages, and applications based on these aspects. Introducing nanoparticles into biomedical fields can provide useful ideas for applying nanoparticles in biology and pharmacy in the future.
Study on the Ablation Properties of Nano-graphite Modified EPDM Insulators
Authors: Wang Wentao , Zhou Lisheng , Li Yang , Li Peng , Chen Guohui , Yang Shishan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To improve the anti-ablative property of EPDM-based composites, nano-graphite powder as anti-ablation filler was introduced to optimize the EPDM insulation material formulas. Characterization of anti-ablation performance showed that the composite at the nano-graphite content of 10phr exhibited the best anti-ablation and mechanical performances, such as: a linear ablation rate of 0.062 mm/s, a mass ablation rate of 0.048 g/s, tensile strength of 5.69 MPa and Elongation at break of 391.2%. The nano-graphite was proven to be an effective material which is beneficial to improve the anti-ablation of the EPDM composites.
Effect of Si Content on the Properties of A356 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Wu Lei , He Bing , Li Weidong , Qin Ming 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The effects of different Si contents on the microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 aluminum alloy were studied by metallographic microscope analysis and tensile property test. The results show that when the silicon content is between 7% and 11 %, with the increase of silicon content, the eutectic silicon in the matrix increases, and the tensile strength and elongation decrease. When the silicon content increased to 13%, the primary silicon structure appeared in A356 aluminum alloy, and its mechanical properties increased.
Treatment for gap and step nonconformity of slat on tail-hang civil aircraft
Authors: Zhu Weibin , Wang Suxiao , Lan Jian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Slat aerodynamic contour nonconformity often occurs during the manufacture of civil aircraft, which can cause appearance influence, drag increase and even manoeuvrability & stability problem. This article introduces 4 types of gaps and 3 types of step nonconformity and reason for them. Then the article studies treatment principle for wing slat contour nonconformity. In the end, the article figures out acceptable criteria and 5 types of standard repair methods for slat gap and step nonconformity.
Analysis of Tooth Surface Contact Stress of Involute Spur Gear
Authors: Zhai Yusheng , Mu Jie , Yun Ruiguang , Jia Siran , En Jianfeng , Gao Zhenbang , Quan Baochao , Yang Guicheng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Through the establishment of a pair of spur gear contact models, based on Hertz contact theory, the tooth surface contact stress is calculated; then the Ansys finite element analysis software is used to simulate and analyse the stress distribution. Through the analysis and comparison of the two results, it is proved that the contact stress calculated by Hertz theory is relatively small, which is close to the results of the finite element simulation analysis. Theoretical calculation can verify the accuracy of the finite element simulation analysis model, and the finite element simulation analysis provides an effective way to accurately calculate the contact stress of the tooth surface.
Geodiversity and Geoconservation in Yuanmou Basin, Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Cheng Xianfeng , Qi Wufu , He Ping , Zhang Shitao , Shi Liang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Geodiversity is considered as abiotic diversity, and it is the foundation of geopark, geotourism and geoconservation. Yunnan Province is the typical area abundant in geodiversity in China. Geodiversity of Yuanmou Basin, which is located in North Yunnan, possesses scientific, cultural, aesthetical, ecological values. Howerver, there are some problems, such as underexploitation, inadequate protection, even destruction in the area. Research of geodiversity will provide a new idea for sustainable development in Yuanmou Basin.
Ore Features and Gold Occurrence of the Manlonggou Gold Deposit, Southeast Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Qi Wufu , Cheng Xianfeng , Huang Qianrui , Liu Yu , Ran Shirong , Zhang Yanqiang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi “Golden Triangle” is one of the famous Carlin-type gold deposits in China and even in the world. Manlonggou gold deposit is a newly discovered gold deposit in this area. The host rocks are mainly lithic quartz sandstone, siltstone and silty mudstone above Caledonian unconformity. The main minerals in ores are natural gold, limonite, hematite, pyrite and so on. The occurrence state of gold is fine exposed and semi-exposed natural gold, as well as gold encased by limonite, carbonate, quartz and silicate minerals. The deposit can be a fine grain hydrothermal altered gold deposit with the origin of tectonic-medium-low temperature hydrothermal percolation.
Improving Characteristic Parameters of Memristor Based on HfO2 Active Layer
Authors: Kushitashvili Z. , Bibilashvili A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The improvement of the characteristic parameters of the memristor depends on the factors such as thickness and surface area of the active layer. These parameters define leakage currents, which is the main disatvantige of the memory storage device and to improve the electrical features the leakage currents must be dropped to the zero in ideal case. In the presented work is described the electrical isolation of the active layer from the substrate by the thin layer of photoresist, which is an electrical insulator. For reducing area was used the new fotomask, which is able to reduce area 100 times. The memristor structures are designed in the form of “crossbars”, which allows us to individually investigate each memristor and create a database with the possibility of incorporating it into the microchip in the future. In this work is presented also research outcomes regarding to selection memristor’s contacts and active layers. As contacts are overviewed tungsten (W), titanium nitride (TiN) and aluminum (Al). Is considered metal and transition metal oxides as active layers WOx, HfO2, WOx +HfO2, HfO2 + HfOx. The oxide electrical and structural properties is defined from I-V, C-V, XRD and XPS characteristics.
Possibility of Monitoring of Movement on Cracks for Solid Rocks
Authors: Neuman David , Yang Shuran , Sombathy Erik 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The main goal of this article is to analyze the possibility of measuring on cracks. For measuring the distance between points, e.g. crackmeters are used. When measuring cracks in rock masses, very precise instruments are used, which are referred to as dilatometers. These dilatometers are based on a mechanical or electrical principle and measure directly inside the fracture, as opposed to a crackmeter where we measure on both outer sides of the fracture. Measuring on cracks is one of the methods of evaluating the development of slope deformation on the surface. If cracks appear on the slope, we can use the crackmeter to start more frequent and accurate control of the slump movement by measuring the relative changes in position using appropriately selected stabilized points on opposite sides of the crack. If we know the direction of movement, we can use only two points to check debonding cracks. If we are measuring marginal cracks, a three-point system is appropriate. Two points are placed outside the landslide and one is placed directly on the landslide. The principle of the measurement consists in evaluating the change in distance of two points (short anchors) firmly connected to the surrounding environment and located in the simplest case on opposite sides of the crack. Crackmeters are also used to measure movements across open tension cracks and scarps delimiting the boundary of the potential slide mass.
Stability of the bedrock of castle building for geotourism purposes
Authors: Duraj Miloš , Niemiec Dominik , Mendes Estevao , Sombathy Erik 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The geological structure of the Slovak Republic is very complex and varied. This fact in the course of centuries has had an impact on the castle buildings built here. The subsoil of these structures has different petrographic composition, tectonic disturbances and other geological complexities that threaten the stability of these structures and endanger the objects in their surroundings. In recent years, these structures have begun to receive deserved attention. In the past, the problems of severely disturbed blocks in the subsoil were mainly addressed and had to be rehabilitated for these reasons. These were mainly buildings whose subsoil is built with carbonate rocks. A perfect example of a long-term solution to these complex problems is also the Strecno Castle. A lot of effort and money has already been devoted to solving the stability of the bedrock, which also adversely affects the stability of the castle. However, the extensive set of works that have been carried out here over a long period of time have not brought a complete solution to the problems that occur here. For this reason, continuous work is being carried out here under the guidance of experts to eliminate the effects of erosion of the bedrock in particular. In the present work, the activities and measures that have been implemented here in stages up to the present are briefly described chronologically.
Geotourism interesting locality with Remediation of the bedrock and restoration of Spiš Castle - UNESCO heritage site
Authors: Montero Orlando Arencibia , Duraj Miloš 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Understanding the structure of the geological subsoil should be the first stage in the construction of any major building. Therefore, if the problem of rescue and restoration of various historical buildings is currently being addressed, it is necessary to study their subsoil in detail. Among the important historical buildings that have been preserved in Slovakia are numerous castles and chateaux. Nowadays, many of these buildings need to be extensively restored to prevent their gradual devastation. The issue of rehabilitation of some buildings has been addressed for several decades. The reasons for the rehabilitation of these buildings have varied. In the case of the ruins of Strečnian Castle and its subsoil, it was primarily the safety of traffic on the adjacent important road. In the case of Spiš Castle, it is a monument of world importance. It is one of the largest castle complexes in Europe. The beginnings of the construction of this complex date back to the 11th century. Its current state is due, among other factors, to the instability of its geological subsoil. For this reason, the stabilisation of the travertine body, which has been severely damaged, particularly by tectonics and karst processes, has already been addressed in the past. The solution of this problem in the past has already produced positive results, but due to exogenous processes and, hypothetically and certainly, seismicity, the bedrock may move again in the future. For this reason it is necessary to pay attention to continuous monitoring of the movement of its rock blocks. As far as the castle itself is concerned, its current state is mainly due to the fire at the end of the 18th century, followed by its rapid devastation. In view of the world importance of the castle, the restoration of the site may therefore also take other directions. One possibility is, for example, its reconstruction according to contemporary records, which would bring its final appearance even closer to its original grandeur.
The Visualization Representation of Space-Time-Path in The Space-Time-Cube
Authors: Song Bingbing , Wang Yanlin , Li Fang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Map is a traditional visualization tool to represent distribution and interaction of spatial objects or spatial phenomenon. However, with the continuous development of acquisition and processing technologies for spatio-temporal data, traditional map can hardly meet the visualization requirement for this type of data. In other words, the dynamic information about spatial object or phenomenon cannot be expressed fully by traditional map. The Space-Time-Cube (STC), as a three-dimensional visualization environment, whose base represents the two-dimensional geographical space and whose height represents the temporal dimension, can simultaneously represent the spatial distribution as well as the temporal changes of spatio-temporal data. For some spatial object or phenomenon, its moving trajectory can be visualized in STC as a Space-Time-Path (STP), by which the speed and state of motion can be clearly reflected. Noticeably, the problem of visual clutter about STP is inevitably due to the complexity of three-dimensional visualization. In order to reduce the impact of visual clutter, this paper discusses different aspects about visualization representation of STP in the STC. The multiple scales representation and the multiple views display can promote interactive experience of users, and the application of different visual variables can help to represent different kinds of attribute information of STP. With the visualization of STP, spatio-temporal changes and attributive characters of spatial object or phenomenon can be represented and analysed.
Geochemical differentiation of atmospheric aerosols in natural zones of European Russia
Authors: Kuderina Tatiana , Chkhetiani Otto , Kudikov Arseni , Artamonova Maria 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Climate and environmental changes on Earth have become modern challenges to humanity. The main factor affecting the landscapes of Russia is an increase in air temperature and a decrease in precipitation. Because of these processes, the amount of aerosols in the near-ground atmosphere of the landscapes of the ETR (European territory of Russia) increases. The aim of the study is to determine the atmogeophysical and atmogeochemical indicators that reveal the interaction of the atmosphere and the diversity of natural landscapes in European Russia. Landscape-geochemical research methods make it possible to study geosystems with the participation of all landscape components and actual migration processes, especially the atmospheric migration of chemical elements. To determine the modern atmogeochemical existence, field comprehensive studies of the potential emission of matter in all natural zones of the ETR were carried out submeridionally - in the landscapes of the steppe, forest-steppe, forest and tundra zones of the ETR. The research results show that in the submeridional profile, the mass concentration of aerosols decreases regularly from south to north, the minimum concentrations of atmospheric aerosols are observed in the forest zone, in the tundra there was a slight increase due to anthropogenic landscapes and the influence of the sea. Analysis of the chemical composition of aerosols revealed that, among the elements of global importance, aluminosilicates naturally increase to the south of the ETR as elements of clay minerals that are widespread in the Russian Plain. The maximum phosphorus content occurs in the residential area with agricultural landscapes. Sulfur concentrations are confined to the semiarid zone of the ETR, then decrease in the forest zone and increase again in the technogenic regions and the tundra belt of the Kola Peninsula, surrounded by the sea. The concentrations of chemical elements of regional and local distribution in atmospheric aerosols are more differentiated on the ETR and depend on the natural and technogenic features of each region. Thus, heavy metals are more common in the Plain territories of the forest-steppe and forest zones of the ETR and are confined to the bedrock and technogenic sources. High concentrations of calcium and strontium are associated with areas of weathering of carbonate rocks. In general, increased concentrations of atmospheric aerosols with an increased content of anthropogenic elements are observed during the western and southern transport of air masses. At the same time, the amount of rainstorm precipitation increases when these aerosols act as condensation nuclei. To assess the current state of the atmosphere at the ETR, it is necessary to continue field measurements and organize European annual and seasonal geochemical monitoring at stationary observation points.
Dynamic analysis of biogas tank
Authors: Jendzelovsky Norbert , Uhlirova Lenka 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Global warming is a phenomenon that makes us increasingly aware of the importance of protecting nature. Lack of drinking water and waste disposal belong to today’s biggest problem. This is the main reason why we try to recycle, use more renewable energy sources and treat waste ecologically. Drinking water tanks, sludge tanks for wastewater treatment and also tanks for biogas production, so-called fermenters, are becoming gradually more important. For built-up areas, respecting space usability, it is more appropriate to design tanks with a rectangular floor plan (so-called rectangular tanks). We can also use a system of rectangular tanks and thus achieve the most efficient use of space that is intended for them. In this article will be determined whether the proposed rectangular tank, intended for biogas production, has bearing capacity for dynamic loads. Construction of the tank itself must respect the design of the structure, as well as the building material, in order to prevent damage to its structure caused by the filling (it may also contain substances that could contaminate the environment and groundwater). This will ensure the integrity and load-bearing capacity of the tank and there is no risk of leakage. Selected tank is loaded with a standard response spectrum to see how it deforms, using finite element analysis in program ANSYS.
The role of land use and morphology representation in the setup and calibration of the conceptual TUW model
Authors: Kubáň Martiň , Brziak Adam , Kohnová Silvia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The processes of the transformation of rainfall to runoff are highly complicated, and the proper characterisation of these processes with conceptual hydrological models is a very challenging task. Morphology and land cover have a significant influence on a river basin’s hydrologic response. Thus, catchment characteristics of the topography and land use play an essential role in parametrising the runoff concentration processes in hydrological models. In the study, our goal was to detect which characteristics and their spatial distribution influence the efficiency of a conceptual rainfall-runoff model efficiency most. The spatially lumped and semi-distributed versions of the TUW conceptual rainfall model, which is an HBV type model, were compared. Both models use the concept of lumped storages associated with the surface and subsurface, interconnected by thresholds and links to simulate the runoff transformation. We focused on two land-use characteristics, the percentage cover of the agricultural land and percentage cover of the forests, and the mean slope of the terrain as a topography characteristic. The differences between runoff model efficiencies both in the calibration and validation periods were evaluated. Based on which version of the model was more effective in the simulation of the runoff, it was detected which types of catchment land use, and morphology were better represented by using the lumped or semi-distributed version of the TUW model, respectively. The analysis aimed to improve the understanding of the influence of spatial representation morphology and land cover in conceptual models on model efficiency and may help to improve model setup and calibration.