bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN EVALUASI HIGH ORDER THINKING SKILLS PADA MATERI JARINGAN HEWAN DENGAN BENTUK TWO-TIER MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Authors: PRAYITNO AGUS , Nofiana Mufida 
Published: November 2021

Develop HOTS instruments in animal tissue material in the form of TTMCQ. Stages of development using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Determine, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Baturraden in September-October 2019. The subjects of this study were students of class X1 MIPA who had studied animal tissue material. The data analysis technique uses descriptive percentages. Mapping competencies, making learning objectives oriented to HOTS, agreeing on the material to be tested, making analysis of basic competencies, making learning indicators oriented to HOTS, making grids of HOTS questions, making HOTS questions in animal tissue materials in the form of TTMCQ, set the rubric of the questions, making feedback to students about question, see the responses of students working on the questions, ask for responses from the teacher related to the questions, see the ability of students to work on questions in the form of TTMCQ, asking for continued development of TTMCQ questions for other biological materials including the excellence and weakness of the questions. Based on the results TTMCQ can calculate the HOTS of students, easy to make assessments, easy to process the results of tests compared by description test. In the other hands, there are problems with TTMCQ that are: difficult to develop questions with double questions, many cost for administering tests for questions, and student’s confuse with how to work in TTMCQ although given instructions both oral and written.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA POKOK BAHASAN SISTEM KOORDINASI MENGGUNAKAN METODE TGT DI KELAS XI IPA SMA
Authors: Rachmayanti Rika 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aplikasi model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT (Teams–Games–Tournament) dalam meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar Biologi siswa kelas XI MIPA 3 SMA Negeri 3 Cimahi tahun pelajaran 2018-2019. Kelas yang digunakan XI MIPA 3 yang didasari oleh hasil observasi yaitu: partisipasi siswa rendah dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, dominasi siswa tertentu dalam proses pembelajaran, siswa kurang tertarik dengan cara guru menyampaikan materi (metode tidak bervariasi). Data dalam penelitian diambil dengan menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, wawancara, observasi, angket, tes, dan catatan lapangan. Analisis data dari penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu menguraikan secara deskriptif tentang perkembangan proses pembelajaran siswa dari siklus I sampai siklus III. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil observasi, angket, dan tes pada siklus I sampai III dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan cara menghitung rata-rata di setiap siklusnya. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata hasil penilaian motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI MIPA 3 pada siklus I (Skor motivasi = 124,86 (termasuk kategori baik); Aspek kognitif = 55,07; Aspek afektif = 29,06 (termasuk kategori cukup berminat)). Rata-rata hasil penilaian motivasi dan hasil belajar pada siklus II (Skor motivasi = 134,83 (termasuk kategori baik); Aspek kognitif = 62,77; Aspek afektif = 37,75 (termasuk kategori berminat). Rata-rata hasil penilaian motivasi dan hasil belajar pada siklus III (Skor motivasi = 150,97 (termasuk kategori sangat baik); Aspek kognitif = 76,73; Aspek afektif = 43,83 (termasuk kategori sangat berminat). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode TGT dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar Biologi siswa kelas XI MIPA 3 SMA Negeri 3 Cimahi tahun pelajaran 2018 - 2019. Kata kunci: motivasi dan hasil belajar biologi, model pembelajaran kooperatif, TGT (Teams–Games–Tournament
La importancia e influencia del idioma inglés dentro del campo científico
Authors: Beltrán Santoyo Giovanni , Ruíz Huerta Esther Aurora , Gómez Bernal Juan Miguel 
Published: November 2021

A través de los años, el inglés ha ido evolucionando y dominando las diversas formas de comunicación ha permitido que surja como uno de los idiomas más importantes alrededor del mundo, ha generado un gran impacto en todo el mundo y ha servido como herramienta fundamental para la comunicación de manera internacional, ya que ha permitido que la sociedad tenga una mayor comunicación, pero sobre todo, que en el campo de la ciencia se haya logrado generar una expansión de manera global. A pesar de que la mayoría de los países no tienen el inglés como lengua materna, con el avance de la tecnología, ha aumentado el número de personas no nativas que dominan el idioma inglés ha permitido que estas puedan publicar sus hallazgos más recientes alrededor del mundo. Es por eso, que esta revisión recopila información para dar a conocer el impacto que ha generado el idioma inglés a nivel internacional en el campo de la ciencia. Por lo que, se encontró que hoy en día existen diversas herramientas y estrategias que nos facilitan la redacción de una manera adecuada.
Flipped learning for enhancing English pronunciation in remote teaching
Authors: Guevara-Bazán Isaí Alí 
Published: November 2021

The objective of this paper is to analyze, design, implement and evaluate a teaching strategy for improving specific content in remote English teaching. To do this, an approaching analysis of an eight-students A2 level group dealing with pronunciation problems was carried out. After that, an interview for collecting data about the most concurrent pronunciation problems appeared in the course. Valuable information was displayed to analyze the most common problems for pronunciation in A2 students. After interpreting the results, the pronunciation of regular verbs in the past tense was the most difficult problem for them. A specific strategy to cover students’ needs was designed. Since remote teaching conveys the use of technology and flipped learning is an option for the equipment available, the implementation of a video flipped learning task was designed. With the use of technology (authoring tools and mobile Apps), flipped learning, programmed instructional design students showed improvement in the pronunciation of regular verbs in the past tense. Finally, it is concluded that this innovative strategy can effectively be reproduced for developing some other learning content in remote teaching.
Pengenalan Tentang Model Akumulasi Logam Berat Hg dan Cd dalam Jaringan Makhluk Hidup Melalui Pelatihan pada Siswa MTsN 1 Kota Bima
Authors: K. Khairuddin  , M. Yamin  , K. Kusmiyati  , Zulkifli Lalu 
Published: November 2021

Model akumulasi logam berat air raksa (Hg) dan Kadmium (Cd) pada manusia adalah hal yang perlu dipahami oleh siswa pada berbagai jenjang sekolah termasuk siswa Madrasah tsanawiah Negeri 1 (MTsN 1) kota Bima. Permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra adalah bagaimana upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk mendapatkan pengetahuan, dan keterampilan yang bagaimankah yang harus dimiliki oleh siswa MTsN 1 Kota Bima agar dapat mengerti tentang model akumulasi logam berat Hg dan Cd dalam jasad hidup dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman tentang model akumulasi logam berat Hg dan Cd bagi siswa dan memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang tentang cara untuk menghindari diri dari kontak langsung dengan logam berat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari agar siswa MTsN 1 Kota Bima terhindar dari pola model akumulasi logam berat. Manfaat dari pelatihan ini adalah adanya peningkatan pemahaman tentang model akumulasi logam berat Hg dan Cd, dan peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang cara untuk menghindari diri dari kontak langsung dengan logam berat Hg dan Cd dalam kehidupan sehari-hari agar siswa peserta pelatihan terhindar dari pola model akumulasi logam berat. Pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang penyusunan urutan akumulasi logam berat Hg dan Cd dalam rantai makanan telah mengantarkan siswa MTsN 1 Kota Bima sehingga dapat mengerti tentang model akumulasi logam berat Air Raksa (Hg) dan Kadmium (Cd) dalam jasad hidup dalam kehidupannya sehari-hari. Upaya melalui pelatihan tentang Model Akumulasi Logam Berat Hg dan Cd dalam jaringan makhluk hidup telah meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang model akumulasi logam berat Air Raksa (Hg) dan Kadmium (Cd) pada manusia kepada siswa MTsN 1 Kota Bima.
The Time All San Francisco Fought Over School Fairness and Equality
Authors: Fang Teddy Yee 
Published: November 2021

Asian Americans have become a major factor in the debate over affirmative action and college/school admission policies. Yet most often their role is relegated to one side or the other of the argument - either grouped with other oppressed minorities, or else grouped with privileged white students. However, Asian Americans have their own agency and self-determination that requires attention. Beginning in the 1990s, San Francisco’s Asian American community resisted mainstream hegemony and charted their own course forward. This study uses a comparative approach towards these early Asian American activists, comparing and contrasting their motivations and actions with Black activists of the time, and also with a respected federal judge, scion of one of San Francisco’s wealthiest and traditional legal dynasties. News articles, notes and newsletters of Chinese American activist groups, internal school district reports, and 24 interviews are used to express how early generations of Asian Americans stood up to fight when they felt their version of the American dream was under attack, and how they focused on present-day tactical actions instead of future-looking strategies or past historical experiences. This study also reveals practical principles that these specifically Chinese American activists employed which may have applications for all groups resisting domination and/or assimilation. The methods and tactics employed by these second-generation Asian Americans that grew up in a community remade by the 1965 Immigration Act, helps us understand how the Asian American community has developed since then, and how it is continuing to move forward.
The Exploitation of Indigenous Communities by Commercial Actors: Traditional Knowledge and Traditional Cultural Expression
Authors: Kasih Desak Putu Dewi , Dharmawan Ni Ketut Supasti , Putra Ida Bagus Wyasa , Sudiarawan Kadek Agus , Rakhima Ayu Suci 
Published: November 2021

The protection of traditional knowledge (TK) and traditional cultural expression (TCE) of underprivileged indigenous communities is threatened due to frequent exploitation attempts by commercial actors for economic benefits. The literature highlighting the legal gaps and necessities to support such legal reforms to protect those communities are scarce in the literature, which has been studied in the current research. The current study aims to provide insightful recommendations for policymakers to help protect the legal rights of underprivileged communities scattered in various parts of the world. Indonesian study setting provided a perfect case to achieve the study objectives. Using a qualitative doctrinal legal research design, the secondary data were collected, and content was analyzed using phenomenological and linguistic analysis. The results revealed that the protection of TK and TCE in Indonesia and several underprivileged communities in various countries need serious legal amendments in local legislation considering international laws. Contextually, the Indonesian Copyright Law is inadequate to accommodate the full protection for TCE. Meanwhile, Indonesian laws that regulate traditional knowledge are overlapping and immature to protect national cultural heritage comprehensively. A new regulation is recommended to ensure that all international legal instruments related to traditional knowledge should help the community of traditional knowledge copyrights in Indonesia with affirmative action towards indigenous communities. Policy recommendations and future research directions are suggested to protect Traditional Cultural Expression and Traditional Knowledge of underprivileged communities in general and Indonesia in focus.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN DAERAH KABUPATEN MAJALENGKA
Authors: Umam Mochamad Febri Sayidil , Marta Sugema Dasuki Tito 
Published: November 2021

Abstrak
This research aims to determine empirical evidence about the effect of the use of financial accounting information systems, human resource competence, and the role of internal audit on the quality of financial reports of the Local Government Majalengka. The research method uses a descriptive verification approach. The population in this study were employees of the Local Government of Majalengka. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The sample of this study was 135 employees in the finance department (head of department and financial staff). The research is explanotary research which relates to the position of the studied variables and the influence between one variable and the research variable. The data analysis technique used multiple regression analysis with SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that partially the use of SIAKD has no significant effect on the quality of LKPD, HR competence has a significant effect on the quality of LKPD, the role of Internal Audit has a significant effect on the quality of LKPD. Simultaneously the use of SIAKD, HR competence and the role of Internal Audit have a significant effect on the quality of LKPD.
ASSESSMENT OF CAROTID INTIMAL MEDIAL THICKNESS (CIMT) IN YOUNG PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Bhana Indu , Chourasiya Mahendra , Rathore Abhishek , Ojha Piyush 
Published: November 2021

Background: Incidence of ischemic stroke in younger patients in increasing leading to higher morbidity and mortality. Data on carotid intimal medial thickness (CIMT) as atherosclerotic marker in young ischemic stroke patients are scarce.
Aims and Objective: To evaluate bilateral CIMT thickness and its correlation with various CVD risk factors in young ischemic stroke patients.
Methods: Total 40 patients (15 to 45 age group) and age matched 40 controls were taken. Demographic profile and risk factors were evaluated. All subjects were taken for CIMT assessment by B mode ultrasonography scan in multiangle measurements in the common carotid artery (CCA), carotid bifurcation (BIF) and internal carotid artery (ICA).
Results: 72.5% of patients were in 35- 45 years age group. Stroke incidence was higher in male. Age specific value of CIMT was higher in all cases as compared to age matched controls in all age group. (p? 0.01) Increasing age, smoking and hypertension were significantly associated with higher bilateral CIMT.
Conclusion: Ischemic stroke young population is associated with increased CIMT. Risk factors burden is contributory in speeding up atherosclerotic process leading to higher CIMT with multiple co morbidities.
Keywords: carotid intimal medial thickness, carotid bifurcation, ischemic stroke
Plant quality index of caracolillo (Ormosia macrocalyx Ducke), in nursery stage with controlled release fertilizers
Authors: OBRADOR OLÁN JOSÉ JESÚS , Hernández- Sánchez Gerardo , Juárez-López José F. , Arreola-Enríquez Jesús , García-López Eustolia , Castillo-Arias Edith de los Á. 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To evaluate, in a nursery, the effect of two controlled release fertilizers in three concentrations on the growth components and quality index in caracolillo seedlings.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A factorial arrangement (2 x 3) housed in a completely randomized design was used, with seven treatments and twelve repetitions. For three months, the growth of caracolillo plants maintained in 310 cm3 polyethylene tubes, with a substrate of peat moss, vermiculite, agrolite and soil (2:1:1:1), plus controlled release fertilizer (CRF) Basacote® 9M (16-8-12) and Multicote® 12M (18-6-12), in three doses each: 10 (low), 20 (medium) and 30 kg m-3 (high), in addition to a control without conventional fertilization (CF) 17N-17P-17K in doses of 10 kg m-3. The variables height, diameter, leaf number, robustness index (RI), aerial/root dry biomass ratio (ADB/RDB R) and Dickson’s quality index (DQI) were measured. The means were compared by Tukey’s test at a 5% confidence level.
Results: Basacote® and Multicote® fertilizers in low doses allowed an adequate growth and development in caracolillo plants, which was reflected in the variables height, diameter and number of leaves. The RI and DQI indices presented values within the normal ranges, while those of ADB/RDB R were rather low, but in the three cases there were no statistical differences.
Study Limitations/Implications: Based on the results obtained, it is recommended to continue monitoring the studied plants in the field, which would allow adjustments in the initial fertilization doses.
Findings/Conclusions: The low doses (10 kg m-3) of the controlled release fertilizers Basacote® and Multicote® showed the best results in the growth and development of caracolillo in the nursery stage, but the RI, ADB/RDB R and DQI indices did not present statistical differences.
The Dynamic of Extracellular Vesicles in Patients With Subacute Stroke: Results of the “Biomarkers and Perfusion—Training-Induced Changes After Stroke” (BAPTISe) Study
Authors: Jödicke Ruben A. , Huo Shufan , Kränkel Nicolle , Piper Sophie K. , Ebinger Martin , Landmesser Ulf , Flöel Agnes , Endres Matthias , Nave Alexander H. 
Published: November 2021

Objective: Extracellular vesicles (EV) are sub-1 μm bilayer lipid coated particles and have been shown play a role in long-term cardiovascular outcome after ischemic stroke. However, the dynamic change of EV after stroke and their implications for functional outcome have not yet been elucidated.Methods: Serial blood samples from 110 subacute ischemic stroke patients enrolled in the prospective BAPTISe study were analyzed. All patients participated in the PHYS-STROKE trial and received 4-week aerobic training or relaxation sessions. Levels of endothelial-derived (EnV: Annexin V+, CD45–, CD41–, CD31+/CD144+/CD146+), leukocyte-derived (LV: Annexin V+, CD45+, CD41–), monocytic-derived (MoV: Annexin V+, CD41–, CD14+), neuronal-derived (NV: Annexin V+, CD41–, CD45–, CD31–, CD144–, CD146–, CD56+/CD171+/CD271+), and platelet-derived (PV: Annexin V+, CD41+) EV were assessed via fluorescence-activated cell sorting before and after the trial intervention. The levels of EV at baseline were dichotomized at the 75th percentile, with the EV levels at baseline above the 75th percentile classified as “high” otherwise as “low.” The dynamic of EV was classified based on the difference between baseline and post intervention, defining increases above the 75th percentile as “high increase” otherwise as “low increase.” Associations of baseline levels and change in EV concentrations with Barthel Index (BI) and cardiovascular events in the first 6 months post-stroke were analyzed using mixed model regression analyses and cox regression.Results: Both before and after intervention PV formed the largest population of vesicles followed by NV and EnV. In mixed-model regression analyses, low NV [−8.57 (95% CI −15.53 to −1.57)] and low PV [−6.97 (95% CI −13.92 to −0.01)] at baseline were associated with lower BI in the first 6 months post-stroke. Patients with low increase in NV [8.69 (95% CI 2.08–15.34)] and LV [6.82 (95% CI 0.25–13.4)] were associated with reduced BI in the first 6 months post-stroke. Neither baseline vesicles nor their dynamic were associated with recurrent cardiovascular events.Conclusion: This is the first report analyzing the concentration and the dynamic of EV regarding associations with functional outcome in patients with subacute stroke. Lower levels of PV and NV at baseline were associated with a worse functional outcome in the first 6 months post-stroke. Furthermore, an increase in NV and LV over time was associated with worse BI in the first 6 months post-stroke. Further investigation of the relationship between EV and their dynamic with functional outcome post-stroke are warranted.Clinical Trial Registration:clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier: NCT01954797.
Prognostic Relevance of BRCA1 Expression in Survival of Patients With Cervical Cancer
Authors: Paik E Sun , Chang Chi-Son , Chae Ye Lin , Oh So Young , Byeon Sun-Ju , Kim Chul Jung , Lee Yoo-Young , Kim Tae-Joong , Lee Jeong-Won , Kim Byoung-Gie , Choi Chel Hun 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveBRCA1 expression can be lost by a variety of mechanisms including germline or somatic mutation and promotor hypermethylation. Given the potential importance of BRCA1 loss as a predictive and prognostic biomarker in several cancers, the objective of this study was to investigate BRCA1 expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in cervical cancer and its possible prognostic relevance.MethodsSeventy patients with cervical cancer were enrolled in this study. Samples from each tumor were stained for BRCA1 and reviewed independently by gynecologic pathologists blinded to the BRCA status. Kaplan–Meier methods were used to estimate overall survival according to BRCA1 expression. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by BRCA1 expression were selected using GSE44001 dataset, which included 300 samples treated with radical hysterectomy. In addition, cox regression analysis with backward elimination was performed to select independent prognostic markers. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was done using these DEGs.ResultsBRCA1 IHC was positive in 62.9% (44/70) of cases. Patients with BRCA1 expression showed better overall survival (100% vs. 76.2%, HR 0.20, 95% CI 0.04 – 0.99, p = 0.028) than those without BRCA1 expression. Analysis of gene expression profiles according to BRCA1 expression identified 321 differentially expressed mRNAs. Gene set enrichment analysis results showed two dysregulated pathways (VEGF_A_UP.V1_DN and E2F1_UP.V1_UP). Of these DEGs, alterations of 20 gene signatures were found to be independently associated with survival outcomes of patients.ConclusionsBRCA1 expression in cervical cancer tissue is associated with survival. In addition, the identification of specific gene alterations associated with BRCA1 expression could help to provide individualized prediction in these patients.