bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are patients knowledgeable of medical errors and medical complications? A cross-sectional study at a tertiary hospital, Riyadh
Authors: Alanizy Butoul Alshaish , Masud Nazish , Alabdulkarim Aljawaharah Abdulaziz , Aldihan Ghada Abdulaziz , Alwabel Reema Abdullah , Alsuwaid Shikah Mohammed , Sulaiman Ihab 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Basic understanding of medical errors and medical complications is essential to ensure patient safety. Our aim in this study was to assess whether patients have sufficient knowledge of medical errors and medical complications and to identify the factors that influence their knowledge.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 400 patients with a scheduled appointment at King Abdulaziz Medical City from 2019 to 2020. A self-administered validated questionnaire was developed by the coinvestigators. The first section focused on demographic information, and the second contained 17 scenarios to assess the knowledge of the patients. The data were analyzed with Chi-square test and logistic regression.

Results:
The sample size realized as 346 (n = 346), with the majority (n = 198, 57%) female, and the mean age 39.5 ± 11 years. The mean scores for the medical errors and complications were 5.5 ± 2.10 and 4.8 ± 2.3, respectively. The participants with secondary education were less likely to have sufficient knowledge of both medical complications (OR 0.52, P = 0.016) and errors (OR 0.52, P = 0.016). In terms of age, the older participants, the 38–47 year age group, were less likely to be knowledgeable about medical complications compared to the younger age groups (OR 0.92, P = 0.046).

Conclusion:
The patients had a higher level of knowledge about medical errors compared to medical complications. The level of education and the employment status significantly predicted the knowledge of both medical errors and complications.
Involvement of husband in maternal and child health care in rural field practice area of a tertiary medical college in South India—A mixed method study
Authors: DS Suryawanshi , D Rajaseharan , R Venugopal 
Published: August 2021

Background:
To commemorate the 25th anniversary of International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in the pursuit of Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights views of duty bearers (men) who are mostly not involved in antenatal care in a patriarchal society like India needs to be explored.

Design:
It is a mixed method study (Triangulation).

Setting and Population:
It was conducted in a rural field practice area of a private medical college in South India covering a population of 19,200.

Objectives:
1) To determine the involvement of husband in maternal and child care. 2) To find out the perceptions of the husbands of antenatal pregnant women in maternal and child health (MCH) care.

Methods:
(Quan) A semi-structured questionnaire to find out the areas where husband is involved maximum during antenatal care (Qual). In-depth interviews was conducted to find out the factors associated with their involvement.

Results:
About 72.5% came for antenatal visits while it decreased to 27.5% during labor and further decreased to 20.3% during immunization. The reasons for decreased participation were (1) Professional Commitments, (2) Views of a Patriarchal society like India, (3) Financial Difficulties, and (4) Health Facility Related Challenges.

Conclusion:
There is a need to educate the husband regarding the importance of husband's involvement during delivery and immunization. Programs should also include men as the stakeholders for accountability and better MCH care for women.
Perception and attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Kishore Jugal , U Venkatesh , Ghai Glory , Heena  , Kumar Prem 
Published: August 2021

Context:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly become a global pandemic taking more than 1.7 million lives. While many developed countries are starting their vaccination drive, India is not far behind but still not much is known about the willingness to get a vaccination in India.

Aims:
To find out the perception and attitude toward vaccination against COVID-19 among the adult population of India in order to know the proportion of people who are willing to get vaccinated against COVID-19.

Method:
A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 26, 2020 and November 10, 2020. Data were collected online using a self-administered and semi-structured questionnaire among adults aged 18 years or more in India via web-based links. The minimum sample size was calculated by considering the proportion of willingness to take the vaccination as 50%, 95% confidence interval, and 5% alpha error—the calculated sample size was 384. However, 467 participants completed the survey during the study period. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.

Results:
A total of 467 participants responded, out of which 329 (70.44%) showed a willingness to get vaccinated and 138 (29.55%) were hesitant to get vaccinated against COVID-19. Only 49.4% believed that people can be protected by the vaccine; 63.1% of the people were willing to get their children vaccinated; and 59.31% felt the vaccine should be free for all.

Conclusions:
The pan India survey conducted online revealed that approximately 3 in 10 adults were not willing to get vaccinated against COVID-19. This can guide policymakers to make multipronged efforts to increase the willingness to get a vaccination against COVID-19.
Effectiveness of an institutional COVID-19 central sampling team during pandemic at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Kajal Smile , Reddy Chandra Shekar , Kumar Arvind , Sharda Radhika , Desai Devashish , Ahmed Anam , Khan Maroof Ahmad , Sivasree Anuvindha J. , Manjunath Mouna B. , Kaur Ravneet , Wig Naveet 
Published: August 2021

Background:
An efficient sampling is one of the key methods to identify all those affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Objectives:
To analyze how efficient setting up of a central sampling team would be to prevent any outbreak within the institution by minimizing the movement of suspected COVID-19 patients admitted in the inpatient wards. The secondary objective was to train maximum resident doctors to collect samples of admitted patients.

Methodology:
A central sampling team comprising of resident doctors from various departments was made who did sampling of the suspected COVID-19 inpatients admitted under various specialties.

Results:
There were a total of 341 patients [209 males (61.29%), 132 females (38.7%)] and 335 patients underwent sampling. There was a positive correlation between: (1) number of calls from a department vs percentage of positive samples in that department [Pearson correlation coefficient (R) = 0.47; P = 0.026], (2) number of samples taken by resident of a particular department from central sampling team vs number of positive samples taken by resident of that department [R = 0.8739, P = 0.01] and (3) number of visits to a department vs number of residents trained in that department [R = 0.93; P = 0.00001].

Conclusion:
Formulation of a central sampling team led to changes like a separate donning and doffing area in each ward and training of many resident doctors posted in different wards. This made each ward self-sufficient in collection of samples. This venture also ensured minimal movement of suspected COVID-19 patients in the hospital and thus least exposure to the hospital staff.
Phytochemical, Antinutrients, Food Toxicants Analysis and Comparative Efficacy of Methanol Extracts of Selected Vegetables of Adamawa State Nigeria on the Haematological Parameters of Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Ngozi Nwankwo Rita , Ene Ocheola-Oki Joyce , Tunrayo Monsurat Moshod 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Phytochemicals present in vegetables has been associated with the health potentials of leafy vegetables. Diabetes has been implicated with increased oxidative stress leading to alteration of haematological parameters among other complications. This study investigated the phytochemicals, antinutrients and toxicants contents of methanol extracts of Hibiscus cannabinus, Adansonia digitata, Sesamum indicum and Cassia tora leaves and compared the effect of their leaves extract on some haematological parameters of alloxan – induced diabetic rats using standard methods of analysis.Methodology: Fifty-five (55) male albino rats weighing 120 – 150g divided into 11 groups of five rats each were used. One diabetic untreated rat group, one diabetic group treated with standard drug ,8 diabetic groups treated with graded doses of the vegetable extracts and one normal group as control. All the groups received water and feed ad libitum together with their various treatments for 23 days. At the end of the experiment, blood was taken from the rats for determination of PCV, Hb, WBC, and RBC. ANOVA was used to separate the means of all the data collected with significance at p< 0.05 using Statistical Package for Scientist and Engineers (SPSE) version 9.1.Results: Results showed reasonable levels of phytochemicals, antinutrient and toxicants levels within WHO safe limits. Results of animal studies showed that administration of 500mg of Hibiscus cannabinus leaf extract increased the PCV, HB, WBC and RBC of diabetic rats more than all the other vegetable extracts (p<0.05). It also improved the WBC and RBC better than standard drug. This shows that Hibiscus cannabinus leaf extract might improve some haematological parameters associated with diabetes mellitus, however its inhibitory effect on higher dose raised concern for further investigation.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Hibiscus cannabinus leaf extract could be used in the dietary management of haematological abnormalities associated with the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus by health care systems
INFLUENCE OF SOCIO ECONOMIC FACTORS ON STAPLE FOOD PRODUCTION. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: KIMANI JAMES 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Agricultural management practices are key for higher production and are influenced by training as well as financial resources which enable farmers to adopt better practices as well as new farming methods. The general objective of the study was to the study was to establish influence of socio economic factors on staple food production..
Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.
Findings: The study found out that most of the farmers were marginalized on gender, age and education and still suffers inequalities in the development ladder. Gender inequality is still in existence and plays a major role in placing the women in informal sectors, in limited wages employment activities it is an outstanding factor that plays a major role in food insecurity at house hold level. Land is a major resource for food production and majority of the small scale farmers’ occupied land that was self-owned which was less than 1 acre and was not adequate for food production for sustainable food security
Recommendations: The study recommends that that the extension services should be improved through retraining of existing extension workers , increasing the number of the extension service providers at farm levels .The government should also increase the facilitation of extension service so as to enable service delivery through training, demonstration , farm visit as well as group trainings amongst other training avenues so as to ensure the farmers are equipped with the right knowledge and technology for staple food production
Population Dynamics of the Caroun Croaker Johnius carouna (Cuvier, 1830) in Coastal Fishing Ground in the Middle Gulf of Thailand
Authors: SAWUSDEE Amonsak , RATTANARAT Jantira 
Published: August 2021

The stock status of coastal species is currently of high concern among the people. In the Gulf of Thailand, Croakers are important economic species commonly found in the coastal fishing ground, especially in Nakhon Si Thammarat province. The population dynamics of the Caroun croaker, Johnius carouna (Cuvier, 1830), was investigated using length-frequency distribution data collected from February 2019 to January 2020. The length-weight relationship equation suggested that J. carouna is isometric growth. The asymptotic total length (L∞) and curvature growth (K) were 22.28 cm and 0.72 year-1, respectively. Based on L∞ and K, the total mortality rate during the study period was estimated at 3.66 year-1; natural mortality and fishing mortality rates were estimated at 1.62 and 1.74 year-1, respectively. While biological data revealed that matured size was 15.3 cm, the fishing data suggested that the average catch size (15.12 cm) was slightly smaller than the matured size. The exploitation rate was 0.52 year-1. The result from this research suggests that current fishing pressure is slightly high. This study suggested that increasing catch size by increasing mesh size of gillnets seems to be a better solution to improve J. carouna stock in Thasala fishing ground in the future.
HIGHLIGHTS

The first report onJohnius carouna fishery biology in coastal fishing ground in the middle Gulf of Thailand
Johniuscarouna is an isometric fish
Matured size of Johniuscarouna is 15.3 cm
Current fishing pressure on Johniuscarouna is slightly high

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
El sistema judicial en El Salvador
Authors: Tojeira José M. 
Published: August 2021

En este artículo, el autor analiza la situación actual del sistema judicial. Considera que para construir la paz con solidez, las sociedades deben vivir gobernadas más por leyes que por personas. Pues, pese a que las circunstancias han cambiado, algunos aspectos de la situación estructural, sobre todo económica y cultural, siguen dañando enormemente a lo que debía ser la justicia legal: el fiel de la balanza equilibradora y defensora de la igual dignidad humana, que nuestras leyes reconocen. Y algo más, que se sigue perjudicando el legítimo deseo de seguridad ciudadana y la aspiración a que la convivencia se constr.uya sobre la regulación de deberes y derechos iguales para todos, y no sobre relaciones de fuerza o dependencia.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 55, No. 625-626, 2000: 1119-1127.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN WHATSAPP GROUP (WAG) PADA PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH (PJJ) DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: HASANAH MULYA FAIDATUL 
Published: August 2021

Covid-19 telah merubah sistem pembelajaran yang selama ini berlangusng secara konvensional dengan cara belajar di kelas, kemudian beralih pada pembelajaran daring. Pembelajaran yang biasanya dilakukan di satuan pendidikan kemudian berpindah menjadi belajar dari rumah. Whatsapp sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran online sangat familier dan sering digunakan oleh peserta didik dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif solusi yang dapat digunakan oleh guru dan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran di masa pandemi covid-19. Penggunaan whatsapp dalam pembelajaran karena aplikasi ini sangat sederhana dan menyajikan beberapa fitur yang menarik serta mudah pengoperasiannya sehingga peserta didik dapat dengan mudah belajar menggunakan aplikasi whatsapp. Selain itu, orang tua dapat terlibat dalam pemantauan belajar putra putrinya di rumah . Penggunaan aplikasi whatsapp dapat dilakukan dengan membuat group. Whatsapp Group (WAG) dapat dijadikan sebagai wadah komunikasi dan interaksi guru dengan peserta didik maupun antar peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang menggunakan metode penelitian pustaka (library research). Penelitian pustaka adalah kegiatan yang meliputi mencari, membaca, dan menelaah laporan-laporan penelitian dan bahan pustaka yang memuat teori-teori yang relevan dengan penelitian yang akan dilakukan. Harapan dari study literatur ini mampu menunjukan efektifitas penggunaan WAG pada pembelajaran jarak jauh di masa pandemi covid-19.
Improvement of Odin/SMR water vapour and temperature measurements and validation of the obtained data sets
Authors: Grieco Francesco , Pérot Kristell , Murtagh Donal , Eriksson Patrick , Rydberg Bengt , Kiefer Michael , Garcia-Comas Maya , Lambert Alyn , Walker Kaley A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Its long photochemical lifetime makes H2O a good tracer for mesospheric dynamics. Temperature observations are also critical to study middle atmospheric dynamics. In this study, we present the reprocessing of 18 years of mesospheric H2O and temperature measurements from the Sub-Millimetre Radiometer (SMR) aboard the Odin satellite, resulting in a part of the SMR version 3.0 level 2 data set. The previous version of the data set showed poor accordance with measurements from other instruments, which suggested that the retrieved concentrations and temperature were subject to instrumental artefacts. Different hypotheses have been explored, and the idea of an underestimation of the single-sideband leakage turned out to be the most reasonable one. The value of the lowest transmission achievable has therefore been raised to account for greater sideband leakage, and new retrievals have been performed with the new settings. The retrieved profiles extend between 40–100 km altitude and cover the whole globe to reach 85∘ latitudes. A validation study has been carried out, revealing an overall better accordance with the compared instruments. In particular, relative differences in H2O mixing ratio are always in the ±20 % range between 40 and 70 km and diverge at higher altitudes, while temperature absolute differences are within ±5 K between 40–80 km and also diverge at higher altitudes.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN DENGAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT (PHBS) DI WILAYAH PUTRA PONDOK PESANTREN ALQODIRI JEMBER
Authors: Eka Suryaningtyas  , Ide Rocky  
Published: August 2021

Latar belakang: Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) is a set of behaviors practiced on the basis of awareness and can help itself in the field of health and realize public health. The purpose of this research is to know, identify and analyze Relation Education Level With Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) in the Boys English Camp area of Al-Qodiri Boarding School in Jember.
Metode: This research design using Corelative design, approach Cross Sectional. In this study is done only once. By observing the education level and measurement of Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS). The respondents are all residents of English Camp area of Al-Qodiri Boarding School in Jember as much as 61 Santri. With Total Sampling. The study was conducted on April 07, in the Boys English Camp area of Al-Qodiri Boarding School in Jember
Hasil: Based on the result of the research, most of education level is SMA equal to 35 students (57,4%) and most of Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) as much as 49 santri (80,3%). After analyzing the data using Kendall's Tau, the result of p value: 0.000 <0.05 concluded H1 accepted, it means there is Relation of Education Level With Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) ) in the Boys English Camp area of Al-Qodiri Boarding School in Jember
Kesimpulan: Based on the results of research, the higher the education level of santri, so better its Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS).
Impact of Practicing Mindful Breathing in Class
Authors: Rajkumar Lakshmi , Dubowy Christine , Khatib Ahmad 
Published: August 2021

Many community college students experience high levels of stress due to the demands of coursework and stressors outside of the classroom. Contemplative practices such as deep breathing can reduce stress and increase focus, but students may not be familiar with or feel that they have time to engage in these practices. We hypothesized that introducing students to mindful breathing in our accounting and biology classes would help students manage stress during the semester, reduce test anxiety, and improve student performance.
To test this hypothesis, we introduced some sections of our courses to mindful breathing techniques such as square breathing, alternate nostril breathing, and victorious breathing and set aside time at the start of each class to allow students to engage in these practices. At the end of the semester, we surveyed students to assess their past and present experiences with contemplative practices and their perceptions of the benefits of mindful breathing. We also asked students to rate their levels of exam stress and to rate the general feelings of stress they experienced during the semester, comparing their responses with responses from students in control sections that were not introduced to mindful breathing. The survey results indicated that mindful breathing was a new practice to some students and a familiar practice to others. Most students felt that the practice of deep breathing at the start of each class helped them reduce stress, develop a sense of connectedness, and improve focus. However, there was no consistent difference in self-reported exam stress or general stress between students in sections with and without in-class contemplative breathing. There was also no difference in course performance, as reflected by overall course grade, between sections with and without in-class contemplative breathing. Although it was not the focus of this study, we observed that in-class contemplative breathing practice seemed to improve the learning environment and helped build trusting relationships with students.
Fish consumption and consumer awareness aspects of possible mycotoxin contamination in fish in Curitiba-PR, Southern Brazil
Authors: Anater Amanda , Thon Bruno Machuca , Pizzolato Montanha Francisco , Weber Saulo Henrique , Ribeiro Deivid Roni , Pimpão Cláudia Turra 
Published: August 2021

The global per capita consumption of fish reached a record of 20.5 kg in 2018, thus demonstrating the sector’s importance. A potential risk to consider when consuming fish is the indirect intake of mycotoxins by humans when consuming fish from intensive fish farming fed with potentially contaminated mycotoxins. The aim of this study was to evaluate fish consumption and consumer awareness of possible mycotoxin contamination in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. The information was obtained through a questionnaire applied at supermarkets in 5 different city regions, obtaining 358 respondents. Descriptive analysis was performed on the data, followed by Spearman’s correlation analysis between the responses. It was observed that demographic data (e.g., age, gender, and social class) significantly influenced fish consumption frequency. Thus, 64.80% of respondents preferred tilapia meat over other fish species, 89.91% of people are unaware of mycotoxins, and 93.95% of people do not know what damage mycotoxins cause in human and animal health, and 86.17% of people did not know about any disease related to fish consumption. Schooling had a significant correlation with the aforementioned issues, demonstrating that lower educational levels negatively influence the perception of illnesses caused by food. The most consumed fish is farm-raised tilapia and the consequent possibility of mycotoxin exposure. Respondents are unaware of the possible mycotoxin presence infish and their impact on human health.