bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Importance of Implementing a Multimedia Application Created according to the ADDIE Instructional Design Model in Writing and Reading the Letters of the Alphabet / Važnost primjene multimedijske aplikacije stvorene prema ADDIE modelu za poučavanje pisanja i čitanja slova
Authors: Novalić Fadil , Azizović Emruš , Selimović Faruk , Saračević Muzafer 
Published: April 2021

This paper analyzes the impact of multimedia content on success in learning to write and read the letters of the alphabet. For the research purpose and according to the ADDIE model of instructional design, a multimedia application was created for learning to write and read the letters of the alphabet. This paper describes the application interface display, which presents the functions and the parts of the program code. In the focus of the research are the technical possibilities for the use of multimedia application, as well as the impact of its use on the awareness of pupils and teachers on the importance of the introduction of multimedia teaching content. The main research was focused on the effectiveness of learning to write and read the letters of the alphabet and was carried out by comparing the performance of pupils at the end of the school year in two primary schools.Keywords: application; e-learning; education; improving learning. --- U ovom radu ispituje se utjecaj multimedijskoga sadržaja na učenje čitanja i pisanja slova. U svrhu istraživanja izrađena je multimedijska aplikacija za učenje čitanja i pisanja slova, prema ADDIE modelu instrukcijskoga dizajna. U radu je opisana aplikacija prikazom aplikacijskoga sučelja, opisom funkcija i dijelova koda. Istražene su tehničke mogućnosti korištenja multimedijske aplikacije kao i utjecaj njezine uporabe na svijest učenika i nastavnika o važnosti uvođenja multimedijskih nastavnih sadržaja. Glavno se istraživanje odnosi na uspjeh učenja čitanja i pisanja slova, a provedeno je usporedbom postignuća učenika na kraju školske godine u dvije osnovne škole.Ključne riječi: aplikacija; e-učenje; obrazovanje; poboljšavanje nastave.
PE Class Attendance and Engagement in Recreational Activities during the COVID-19 Pandemic / Sudjelovanje na nastavi Tjelesne i zdravstvene culture i bavljenje rekreacijskim aktivnostima tijekom pandemije izazvane koronavirusom
Authors: Vrbik Andrea , Vrbik Ivan , Jenko Miholić Srna 
Published: April 2021

This study was conducted among 137 male students (average age 16.1) of a vocational high school via an online questionnaire concerning online schooling, PE class participation and participation in recreational (leisure) activities before and during the pandemic lockdown. According to the p-value of the Wilcoxon test (p=0.014), the mean value (3.92:3.61), the mode value (4:3) and the frequency of the mode value (46:48) for the observed variables, the students attended PE classes when they were held regularly significantly more than online PE class. Furthermore, the p-value of the Wilcoxon test (p=0.003), the mean (3.72:3.41), the mode (5:3) and the frequency of the mode (57:46) value indicated that students were significantly more engaged in recreational activities before the lockdown than during the lockdown. In order to encourage physical activity during online schooling, a few possible solutions are presented.Key words: corona virus; physical activity; sedentary behaviour; screen time; youth. --- U ovom istraživanju sudjelovalo je 137 učenika muškoga spola (prosječna dob 16,1) srednje strukovne škole putem upitnika koji se odnosio na online nastavu, sudjelovanja na nastavi Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture prije i tijekom općega zatvaranja izazvanog koronavirusom, te bavljenje rekreacijskim aktivnostima prije i tijekom općeg zatvaranja. Prema p-vrijednosti Wilcoxonova testa (p = 0,014), aritmetičkoj sredini (3,92 : 3,61), modu (4 : 3) i frekvenciji moda (46 : 48) promatranih varijabli, učenici su pohađali značajno više nastavu Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture kad se održavala normalno u odnosu na online nastavu. Nadalje, p-vrijednost Wilcoxonova testa (p = 0,003), aritmetička sredina (3,72 : 3,41), mod (5 : 3) i frekvencija moda (57 : 46) upućivali su na značajno veće sudjelovanje u rekreacijskim aktivnostima prije zatvaranja nego tijekom zatvaranja. S ciljem povećanja tjelesne aktivnosti tijekom online nastave, predloženo je nekoliko mogućih rješenja.Ključne riječi: koronavirus; tjelesna aktivnost; sjedilačko ponašanje; vrijeme uz ekran; mladi
Professional subjectivities in ELT & the dichotomy inclusion-exclusion
Authors: Casas Trujillo Jennyfer Paola 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMost Education systems propose policies in pro of the benefit of society. However, successful application of these is unknown in consequence considering teachers voices is needed to understand the situations in the classroom. This study analyzes some English language teachers’ stories that served the purpose to construct themselves as professionals of language education facing the dichotomy of inclusion and exclusion placed by the mandates of the Colombian education system. The theme of Language Teacher Subjectivities, in this article, is conceptualized and discussed as the alternative’s teachers have within their reach to use their own theories regarding language teaching and learning. Reflecting retrospectively and prospectively on meaningful school experiences related to the language teaching activity to tackle the dichotomy, the research question that guided this study was: What do language teachers’ narratives portray about their professional subjectivities in relation to inclusion? From a narrative perspective, narrative interviews and a professional life history timeline was analyzed using short story analysis focusing on when, when and who as meaningful in the data and finding that the participants comply with the multidimensional view of the subject. The narratives depicted that the corporal dimension, social-affective dimension, cognitive dimension, and ethic-moral dimension are part of the teachers’ professional subjectivities in the frame of Colombian inclusion policy.
Video-EEG monitoring in diagnostics and treatment efficacy evaluation in newly-diagnosed generalized epilepsy in adults
Authors: Kozhokaru A. B. , Karlov V. A. , Vlasov P. N. , Orlova A. S. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Video-electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring (VEEGM) is an indispensable functional method in epileptology. However, virtually no trials on assessing efficacy of antiepileptic drugs (AED) by using VEEGM are available.Objective: to improve efficacy of EEG-diagnostics and evaluate the epileptiform activity index (EAI) in newly-diagnosed idiopathic generalized epilepsy in adult patients receiving alproic acid and levetiracetam.Material and methods. T here w ere e nrolled 130 p atients: 6 0 (46.2%) m ales a nd 7 0 (53.8%) f emales w ith n ewlydiagnosedidiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE), aged 22.51±8.9 years. All patients underwent VEEGM with quantitative EAI analysis at baseline visit and 1 3, 6 and 12 months later after treatment. Each seizure episode developed during the VEEGM study were assessed for type, time of seizure onset, relation to wake-sleep cycle, duration, ictal EEG pattern followed by diagnosing epileptic syndrome. Valproic acid and levetiracetam were used for initial therapy in groups per 65 patients in each. Treatment efficacy was assessed using parameters such as retention on therapy, absence of seizures, decrease of seizure frequency by >50%, decrease of seizure frequency by <50% – insufficient efficacy.Results. It was found that seizures during baseline VEEGM were recorded in 43.1% (n=56) patients, who were assigned to group 1, whereas remaining 74 (56.9%) patients were assigned to group 2. EAI was significantly higher in patients with seizures recoded at baseline VEEGM, compared to those lacking seizure episodes during initial VEEGM (p<0,001), mean EAI was also higher in group I at second (p<0.001) and third (p<0.001) visits. EAI magnitude at 6 and 12 months of study became virtually comparable in all groups and did not depend on AED prescribed. Treatment efficacy was higher in patients with IGE, with no eizures recorded during the initial VEEGM.Conclusion. Long-term VEEGM allows unbiased assessment of treatment dynamics based on EAI analysis. The first 6 months of initial treatment titration in represent most crucial period for patients with newly-diagnosed IGE.
Comment to the article: Shova N.I., Mikhailov V.А., Odintsova G.V. “Suicidal passport” for epilepsy
Authors: Karlov V. A. 
Published: April 2021

In order of discussion, the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions expresses his opinion on the article, published in No. 4, 2020.
Relação da Regulamentação Brasileira do Leite com a Qualidade deste Produto entre 2000 e 2020: Revisão Bibliográfica, Situação Atual e Tendências
Authors: Luiz Vanot Rogério , Cristina Heringer Veronica , Fagnani Rafael 
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a qualidade do leite cru produzido entre os anos de 2000 e 2020 e relacionar esses resultados às exigências das Instruções Normativas, que regulamentam os critérios de identidade e qualidade desse tipo de leite, além de discutir as possíveis tendências relativas à atividade leiteira. Os resultados apontam que ainda não há uniformidade na qualidade do leite cru após quase 20 anos de regulamentações. A melhoria de qualidade também não é nítida em relação aos dados provenientes das publicações científicas, as quais estão concentradas em Minas Gerais, Goiás e Paraná e sem ocorrência nos Estados da região Norte. Verifica-se uma certa dificuldade dos produtores no cumprimento das exigências, principalmente, quando essas se tornaram mais rigorosas, com a publicação de novos limites. Sem incentivos e treinamentos, essa atividade, provavelmente, será exercida cada vez mais por grandes produtores, com um número alto de animais e elevada produtividade.

Palavras chave: Legislação. Leite. Instruções Normativas.

Abstract
The objective of this study was conducting a literature review on the raw milk quality produced between 2000 and 2020 and relate these results to the Normative Instructions requirements that regulate the identity criteria and quality of this type of milk, in addition to discussing the possible trends regarding milk activity. The results indicate that there is still no uniformity in the raw milk quality after almost 20 years of regulations. The quality improvement related to the data from scientific publications is also not clear, being concentrated in Minas Gerais, Goiás and Paraná and without occurrence in the states of the northern region. There is a certain difficulty for the producers meeting the requirements, especially when they have become more stringent, with the publication of new limits. Without incentives and training, this activity is likely to be carried out more and more by large producers, with a high number of animals and high productivity.

Keywords: Legislation. Milk. Normative Instructions.
Índices Parasitários de Brevimulticaecum sp. (Nematoda: Heterocheilidae) Em Potamotrygon motoro (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) Capturados no Arquipélago do Bailique, Macapá
Authors: Freitas Souza Antonio Carlos , Souza Gama Cecile , Pena da Costa Anderson Luiz , Ferreira Costa Jociel , Carvalho Viana Diego 
Published: April 2021

O número de nematódeos descritos em elasmobrânquios é relativamente pequeno, sendo encontrados majoritariamente no trato digestório. Apesar de alguns relatos descritos, a literatura a respeito ainda é considerada escassa principalmente sobre a associação parasita-hospedeiro. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os índices parasitários de larvas Brevimulticaecum sp. na válvula espiral de Potamotrygon motoro provenientes do arquipélago do Bailique, em Macapá no estado do Amapá, Brasil. Registrou-se em 20,41% das raias coletadas a presença de larvas de Brevimulticaecum sp., sendo a intensidade média de 20,10 larvas/peixe e a abundância média de 4,10. São poucos os registros deste parasito em peixes no Brasil, sendo que já foi relatada sua ocorrência no estômago de P. motoro e Potamotrygon falkneri. As diferenças entre os parâmetros parasitários podem ser um indicador de alimentação e/ou diferenças comportamentais entre os sexos. Este é o primeiro estudo sobre nematóides de potamotrigonídeos na região Norte, ampliando o conhecimento da biodiversidade desta região.

Palavras-chave: Helmintos. Nematoda; Elasmobrânquio. Válvula Espiral.

Abstract
The number of nematodes described in elasmobranchs is relatively small, being found mostly in the digestive tract. Despite some reports described, the literature on this subject is still considered scarce, mainly on the parasite-host association. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the parasitic indices of Brevimulticaecum sp. the Potamotrygon motoro spiral valve from the Bailique archipelago, in Macapá in the state of Amapá, Brazil. Larvae of Brevimulticaecum sp. Were recorded in 20.41% of the rays collected, with an average intensity of 20.10 larvae / fish and an average abundance of 4.10. There are few records of this parasite in fish in Brazil, and its occurrence in the stomach of P. motoro and Potamotrygon falkneri has been reported. Differences between parasitic parameters can be an indicator of diet and / or behavioral differences between genders. This is the first study on potamotrigonid nematodes in the North, expanding knowledge of this region's biodiversity.

Keywords: Helminths. Nematoda. Elasmobranchs. Spiral Valve.
Perfil Cromatográfico e Avaliação da Atividade Antimicrobiana de Diferentes Extratos de Pupunha (Bactris gasipaes, Kunth)
Authors: Vasconcelos da Costa Gerodes , Caldas Rocha Waldireny , Dantas Gonzaga de Freitas Adriana 
Published: April 2021

As plantas têm sido utilizadas como um importante recurso para sociedade, por possuir propriedades biológicas e químicas. Espécies vegetais oleaginosas estão sendo alvo de diversos trabalhos para estudar o potencial de seus extratos como matéria-prima para elaboração de diversos produtos. Entre essas espécies se destaca a pupunheira (Bactris gasipaes, Kunth). O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial biológico de diferentes extratos oriundos de frutos da pupunha. Os extratos da pupunha foram obtidos a partir de extratores do tipo Soxhlet, utilizando metanol e hexano como solvente. Os maiores rendimentos obtidos foram de cerca de 27% a 25% extratos para a extração da casca e da polpa do fruto respectivamente. A atividade antimicrobiana foi avaliada em cepas de Escherichia coli (ATCC25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923) e Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC700603), por meio da técnica de disco difusão. Foram obtidos resultados negativos para algumas amostras de extratos do caroço e positivos para polpa e da casca. Os resultados obtidos demonstram potencial para a presença de substâncias nos extratos analisados com potencial atividade antioxidante e antimicrobiana na pupunha e estes resultados colaboram para novas investigações, e formulações de produtos biotecnológicos envolvendo extratos da pupunha amazônica.

Palavras-chave: Perfil Cromatográfico. Atividade Antimicrobiana. Pupunheira. DPPH/TLC.

Abstract
Plants have been used as an important resource for the society, as they have biological and chemical properties. Oilseed plant species are the target of several studies that evaluate the potential of their extracts as raw material for various products. Among these species, the peach palm (Bactris gasipaes, Kunth) stands out. The present work aimed to evaluate the biological potential of different extracts from pupunha fruits. The pupunha extracts were obtained from Soxhlet extractors, using methanol and hexane as solvent. The highest yields obtained were about 27% to 25% extracts for the extraction of the peel and pulp of the fruit respectively. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated in strains of Escherichia coli (ATCC25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923) e Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC700603), using the disk diffusion technique. Negative results were obtained for some samples of core extracts and positive for pulp and peel, after taking the mean and standard deviation of the diameters of the formed halos . The results obtained demonstrate the potential for the presence of substances in the analyzed extracts with potential antioxidant and antimicrobial activity in pupunha and these results collaborate for further investigations, and formulations of biotechnological products involving extracts from the Amazonian pupunha.

Key words: Cromatography Profile. Antimicrobial Activity. DPPH/TLC
Attitude to counseling and testing for HIV and knowledge about prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in men accompanying antenatal attendees at a tertiary care hospital in South India
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Nivedita , Navis Fatima Shanthini 
Published: April 2021

Background: Parent to child transmission is the second most common route of transmission of HIV in India contributing to 5% of new infections. This is due to underutilization of the components of PPTCT among pregnant women . As male partners remain the main decision makers in the family and influence their wife’s behaviour, poor awareness and negative attitude of men towards testing and treatment of HIV is a hindering factor in the successful implementation of the program. Therefore this study was carried out to study the awareness of men regarding HIV and PPTCT and also to assess their attitude towards testing and treatment in an antenatal clinic setting.Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive institution based study conducted in Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry, India. The study participants were men who accompanied their pregnant wife to the antenatal clinic. A pretested, predesigned questionnaire was used as the survey tool to assess the knowledge of these men about PPTCT services and also to assess their attitude towards HIV testing during pregnancy. The collected data was entered in SPSS and analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: Among participants only 68% were aware that a HIV positive mother could transmit infection to her baby and more than half of the participants were not aware that breast feeding could cause vertical transmission. Nearly 39% of the participants were not aware that mother to child transmission can be curtailed by giving ART during pregnancy. Acceptance for HIV testing was fairly good even before pretest counseling to the extent of 88.6% of the participants. Among the participants who did not want to get tested for HIV, 52.9% assumed that their HIV status will be the same as that of their wife whereas 29.4% said that they were not comfortable undergoing the test along with their wife.Conclusions: The present study shows that men lacked awareness about the concept of vertical transmission of HIV and also the various aspects of prevention of maternal to child transmission of the infection. Their attitude towards testing was positive even though they were not aware of its implications. Media should be used to create awareness and couple counseling and testing should be promoted in all PPTCT centers thereby increasing the male participation in the PPTCT program.
Comparative study on efficacy of myo inositol over metformin in Polycystic ovary syndrome patients
Authors: Shivani D. , Sravanthi Pandala , G. Naga Jyothi 
Published: April 2021

Background: Study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Myo-Inositol over Metform in women with established diagnosis of PCOS. Method: A total of 90 women diagnosed with PCOS with Vitamin D deficiency included in the study and divided into 3 groups of 30 each. Group A received Tab. Metformin 500mg thrice daily for a period of 24 wks. Group B women received Tab. Myoinositol 2 gm twice daily for a period of 24 wks. Group C women received Tab. Metformin 500mg twice daily with Tab. Myoinositol 2 gm twice daily. Results: After treatment, 26%, 50%, and 80% were showed regular menstrual cycles (p= 0.001). After 6 months of treatment, there was a reduction of polycystic ovaries in 50% in group A, 80% reduction in group B, and 93.33% reduction in group C respectively. There was a significant reduction in Acne, Hirusitism, BMI, serum LH, FSH, LH/FSH ratio, free testosterone, total testosterone, serum insulin levels, total cholesterol levels were seen at the end of 24 weeks in 3 groups, but higher significance seen in group C. Conclusion: It is thus evident that Myoinositol administration helps to improve insulin sensitivity and can be used in women with PCOS having insulin resistance. Myoinositol helps in reducing metabolic and endocrine abnormalities in PCOS patients. Myoinositol is safe, inexpensive and easily available, its addition to Metformin can contribute for normalization of the dysregulated metabolism in various tissues including ovaries, pancreas, muscle and enhance the action of Metformin in improving the clinical, biochemical features of PCOS.
Fetomaternal outcome of pregnancy complicated by first and second trimester vaginal bleeding
Authors: Jakhetiya Bhamini , Khan Ruhina , Gupta Arun , Chundawat Rama , Singh Meenakshi 
Published: April 2021

Background: To determine the effects of vaginal bleeding occurring in first and second trimester on maternal and fetal outcome.Methods: The present prospective observational study was conducted at department of obstetrics and gynecology, Geetanjali medical college and hospital, Udaipur and 90 Patients with first and second trimester pregnancy (till 24 weeks of gestation) presented with the complaint of vaginal bleeding at antenatal clinic or emergency were included in this study.Results: In our study the result showed that bleeding in early pregnancy is associated with high rate of abortion (32.22%) in which first trimester abortion constitute 44.83% while second trimester abortion constitute around 55.17%. Outcome observed in women having bleeding with SCH 58.4% had caesarean delivery followed by 25% had vaginal delivery, 16.7% had preeclampsia, 8.3% had PPROM and 5.6% had APH. Similarly, in women having bleeding without SCH 64% had caesarean delivery followed by 36% had vaginal delivery, 12% had preeclampsia, PPROM and APH in 8% each and also women having bleeding with SCH, 37.1% had low birth babies, 22.8% had NICU admission and 8.6% had birth asphyxia. Similarly, in women having bleeding without SCH, 16% had low birth babies, 16% had NICU admission and 8% had birth asphyxia.Conclusions: First and second trimester vaginal bleeding is an independent risk factor for an adverse obstetric outcome and this risk factor should be taken into consideration when deciding upon antenatal surveillance and management.