bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress of On-line Biological Monitoring Technology in Different Water Environment
Authors: Chen Long , Liu Yan , Lv Jing , Kong Xiangfeng , Wang Jingru 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In recent years, there have been frequent occurrences of vicious water pollution incidents, and the technical requirements for water environment monitoring have greatly increased. The use of biological monitoring technology to assess the water environment has developed rapidly. This article analyzes the basic principles of different aquatic biological monitoring technologies, introduces the methods and characteristics of different aquatic biological monitoring, and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of various biological monitoring technologies, and finally prospects the future development of biological monitoring technologies.
Optimal Allocation and Integrated Dispatch of Regional Water Resources in Yunnan Province — Problems and Countermeasures
Authors: Kun Wu , Jinming Chen , Jianguang Su , Rong Gao , Shixiang Gu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Amid rapid economic growth, the contradiction between water resources carrying capacity and distribution of productive forces have escalated, indicating the increasing barriers that water shortage and pollution have posed to sustainable development of the economy and society. China has currently entered an age of “new normal” in economic progress, during which constraints are imposed on resources and environment, ecological products become more indispensable, while infrastructure connectivity, and mechanism innovation appear more essential. Therefore, it remains important to dive into how to proactively implement the water management policy of the new era. The policy advocates overall planning and integrated management, requiring relevant agencies to comprehensively enhance the security of water availability and scientific management capabilities to resolve prominent problems of systematic management and coordination between the market and government under the premise of prioritizing water conservation and promoting spatial water balance. This paper conducted a preliminary analysis of problems about water resources allocation and dispatch management in some key areas of Yunnan Province and raised targeted suggestions including innovation in management mechanisms and approaches, and promotion of integrated management and scientific dispatch of water resources. The purpose is to provide some references for Yunnan about its integrated allocation and dispatch management of water resources in key areas and the network of major water supply projects.
State Analysis of Apple Industry in China
Authors: Wu Zhichao , Pan Chen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
China is the first apple production country in the world, and apple planting industry occupies an important position in China, so through the analysis of the state of apple industry in China. It is of great significance to stabilize the apple commodity market and promote the healthy development of the industry. According to the preliminary analysis of the data, it can be found that with the increase of the year, the apple yield has a significant linear growth trend. Therefore, through comprehensive analysis, this paper establishes a regression model and uses MATLAB to solve. Based on the test and analysis of the model, five criteria are given to judge the merits and demerits of the data, and the requirements of data integrity, that is, whether there is abnormal data culling in the process of model fitting. By analyzing the export volume of fresh apple and apple juice in China and the world, the export scatter model of fresh apple and apple juice in China and the world is established. The scattered point model of apple planting area between China and the world is established. It shows that China’s apple market plays a very important role in and influences international trade. China is the largest apple producer in the world and plays an important role in the international apple production. The influencing factors of fresh apple export include distance, economic development of importing country, international politics, product quality, cost, market environment and brand. In terms of the future change law and forecast, the development level of the apple industry is constantly improving, the supply will continue to exceed the demand in the next few years. And the polarization phenomenon of domestic apple price will be more and more obvious.
Research on Elastic Loads Participating in Demand Response Based on the Price Mechanism and the Demand Elasticity
Authors: Ding Yifan , Ma Yahui , Jiang Haiyan , Xi Weimin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Elastic load can be regarded as a demand response resource, such as the temperature-controlled loads, the energy storage and the electric vehicles. It participates in the operation and dispatch of the power grid, and its position is becoming more and more important in the future power system. Due to the complex economic environment of the power market, all users involved in demand response are required to interact with each other to obtain an efficient control and dispatch method. From the perspective of user economy, this article takes the minimum total cost of user electricity as the objective function to optimize the load demand response. Two different algorithms, the particle swarm algorithm and the nonlinear algorithm, are used to solve the problem. The results show that the application of particle swarm optimization in the elastic load demand response has obvious characteristics and advantages.
Research Progress on the Impact of Urbanization on Precipitation in Beijing
Authors: Zhang Yuezhu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper analyzes and summarizes the main approaches and conclusions of previous studies. The approaches are divided into the observation-based method and the model-based method. These researches aimed to find out the trend in precipitation in Beijing and the influencing schemes. The difficulties they faced include coupling induction of urban and terrain as well as the complexity of urban canopy simulation. In the end, it can be concluded that different research approaches may produce different results, thus it is important to improve the weather models and Urban Canopy Model in order to solve the difficulties such as coupling induction and the complexity of urban canopy simulation. The improvement in data analysis and models can both lead to a more accurate result.
Study on the midway docking mode of the regional trunk transportation network
Authors: Han Ze Xuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a new form of trunk transport network to improve the loading rate and reduce the vehicle stopping through the distribution centre. The article first compares the empty waste of vehicles between point to point direct mode and midway stop mode, obtains the applicable conditions of regional trunk logistics transportation network and midway docking transportation mode, and analyzes the feasibility of trunk logistics vehicles.
Study on the Optimization of the Multimodal Transport Scheme of Railway Containers
Authors: Ning Lv 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Based on the VRP model, we establish a model for path optimization. Through the node splitting method, different transport paths and modes are combined into the multimodal network, and a model of the multimodal path optimization problem targeting transport cost and transport time minimum by the introduced weights is constructed and solved with EXCLE. Finally, the examples are calculated to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the path optimization models.
Long Multi-digit Number Recognition from Images Empowered by Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Bin Ahmad Maaz , Mushtaq Shiza , Masood Khalid , Mahmood Toqeer , Ali Nagra Arfan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractScanning images and converting the scanned information into digital format is an active research area. Scanning is an automated, fast and efficient process as compared to the traditional data entry, and the resultant converted data is more accurate. Recognizing digits from the scanned images is a challenging task. To address this issue, most of the existing techniques perform multiple individual steps that are localization, segmentation and recognition. Some researchers also focused on adopting a unified approach that combined these three steps for multi-digit recognition of up to five digits. To cope with the modern requirements, a unified multi-digit recognition technique capable of recognizing more than five digits is the need of the hour. Considering this necessity, a unified multi-digit recognition approach is presented in the current study that can recognize sequences up to 18 digits long. The proposed technique is based on a deep convolutional neural network algorithm that performs two basic functions. First, it localizes and extracts the region of interest in the image, and then it performs multi-digit recognition. The proposed algorithm recognizes sequences of up to 18 characters that makes it one of the preferred recognition techniques among the existing algorithms. The proposed technique is compared with state-of-the-art techniques and is proved to be superior and robust. The experiments are performed on two datasets, and overall accuracy up to 98% is achieved.
Non-autophagy Role of Atg5 and NBR1 in Unconventional Secretion of IL-12 Prevents Gut Dysbiosis and Inflammation
Authors: Merkley Seth D , Goodfellow Samuel M , Guo Yan , Wilton Zoe E R , Byrum Janie R , Schwalm Kurt C , Dinwiddie Darrell L , Gullapalli Rama R , Deretic Vojo , Jimenez Hernandez Anthony , Bradfute Steven B , In Julie G , Castillo Eliseo F 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntestinal myeloid cells play a critical role in balancing intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. Here, we report that expression of the autophagy-related 5 [Atg5] protein in myeloid cells prevents dysbiosis and excessive intestinal inflammation by limiting IL-12 production. Mice with a selective genetic deletion of Atg5 in myeloid cells [Atg5ΔMye] showed signs of dysbiosis preceding colitis, and exhibited severe intestinal inflammation upon colitis induction that was characterised by increased IFNγ production. The exacerbated colitis was linked to excess IL-12 secretion from Atg5-deficient myeloid cells and gut dysbiosis. Restoration of the intestinal microbiota or genetic deletion of IL-12 in Atg5ΔMye mice attenuated the intestinal inflammation in Atg5ΔMye mice. Additionally, Atg5 functions to limit IL-12 secretion through modulation of late endosome [LE] acidity. Last, the autophagy cargo receptor NBR1, which accumulates in Atg5-deficient cells, played a role by delivering IL-12 to LE. In summary, Atg5 expression in intestinal myeloid cells acts as an anti-inflammatory brake to regulate IL-12, thus preventing dysbiosis and uncontrolled IFNγ-driven intestinal inflammation.
Left atrial strain is a predictor of left ventricular systolic and diastolic reverse remodelling in CRT candidates
Authors: Galli Elena , Oger Emmanuel , Aalen John M , Duchenne Jürgen , Larsen Camilla K , Sade Elif , Hubert Arnaud , Gallard Alban , Penicka Martin , Linde Cecilia , Le Rolle Virginie , Hernandez Alfredo , Leclercq Christophe , Voigt Jens Uwe , Smiseth Otto A , Donal Erwan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Aims
The left atrium (LA) has a pivotal role in cardiac performance and LA deformation is a well-known prognostic predictor in several clinical conditions including heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on both LA morphology and function and to assess the impact of LA reservoir strain (LARS) on left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic remodelling after CRT.

Methods and results
Two hundred and twenty-one CRT-candidates were prospectively included in the study in four tertiary centres and underwent echocardiography before CRT-implantation and at 6-month follow-up (FU). CRT-response was defined by a 15% reduction in LV end-systolic volume. LV systolic and diastolic remodelling were defined as the percent reduction in LV end-systolic and end-diastolic volume at FU. Indexed LA volume (LAVI) and LV-global longitudinal (GLS) strain were the main parameters correlated with LARS, with LV-GLS being the strongest determinant of LARS (r = −0.59, P &lt; 0.0001). CRT induced a significant improvement in LAVI and LARS in responders (both P &lt; 0.0001). LARS was an independent predictor of both LV systolic and diastolic remodelling at follow-up (r = −0.14, P = 0.049 and r = −0.17, P = 0.002, respectively).

Conclusion
CRT induces a significant improvement in LAVI and LARS in responders. In CRT candidates, the evaluation of LARS before CRT delivery is an independent predictor of LV systolic and diastolic remodelling at FU.
Oral antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of recurrent cerebrovascular events
Authors: Capodanno Davide , Angiolillo Dominick J 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Stroke is frequently a disabling and even life-threatening condition that has an ischaemic cause in most cases. Transient ischaemic attack (TIA) is a lower risk condition that still exposes to the risk of future major cardiovascular events. The causes of stroke can be classified as cardioembolic disease, large vessel disease, small vessel disease, undetermined, or others. Cardioembolic disease and atherothrombosis of large arteries are the most common underlying processes of ischaemic stroke and TIA. Therefore, antithrombotic therapy is a central strategy in the pharmacological management of these patients. However, because antithrombotic therapy provides ischaemic protection at the price of increased bleeding, defining the fine balance between efficacy and safety is a clinical challenge. Numerous trials have recently defined the current indications to the use of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy in patients with various subtypes of ischaemic stroke or TIA. In this review, we provide an updated appraisal of the currently available evidence on the use of various oral antithrombotic agents for prevention of recurrent events after an ischaemic stroke or TIA.
Reintegrating Biology Through the Nexus of Energy, Information, and Matter
Authors: Hoke Kim L , Zimmer Sara L , Roddy Adam B , Ondrechen Mary Jo , Williamson Craig E , Buan Nicole R 
Published: August 2021

SynopsisInformation, energy, and matter are fundamental properties of all levels of biological organization, and life emerges from the continuous flux of matter, energy, and information. This perspective piece defines and explains each of the three pillars of this nexus. We propose that a quantitative characterization of the complex interconversions between matter, energy, and information that comprise this nexus will help us derive biological insights that connect phenomena across different levels of biological organization. We articulate examples from multiple biological scales that highlight how this nexus approach leads to a more complete understanding of the biological system. Metrics of energy, information, and matter can provide a common currency that helps link phenomena across levels of biological organization. The propagation of energy and information through levels of biological organization can result in emergent properties and system-wide changes that impact other hierarchical levels. Deeper consideration of measured imbalances in energy, information, and matter can help researchers identify key factors that influence system function at one scale, highlighting avenues to link phenomena across levels of biological organization and develop predictive models of biological systems.
Degenerations of Grassmannians via Lattice Configurations
Authors: He Xiang , Zhang Naizhen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe study degenerations of Grassmannians constructed using convex lattice configurations in Bruhat–Tits buildings. Using techniques from quiver representations, we analyze their special fibers, which are explicitly described as quiver Grassmannians. For a class of lattice configurations, called the locally linearly independent configurations, we show that our construction coincide with Mustafin degenerations, thus generalizing a result of Faltings. In such cases, our analysis of special fibers also generalizes results of Cartwright et al. As an application, we prove a smoothing criterion for limit linear series on arbitrary reducible nodal curves.
A retrospective single-site data-linkage study comparing manual to electronic data abstraction for routine post-operative nausea and vomiting audit
Authors: Miller M , Strazdins E , Young S , Kalish N , Congreve K 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common cause of patient dissatisfaction following anaesthesia. Audit of adherence to PONV prevention guidelines is resource intensive when performed by manual chart extraction. Electronic audit can require costly anaesthetic and medical records.

Objective
In our single-site study we sought to compare manual and electronic PONV audits by utilizing existing non-anaesthetic electronic medical records to avoid expensive additional software.

Methods
The audits were performed from 13 January 2020 to 1 February 2020 for surgical inpatients. Two PONV periods were captured—the post-anaesthetic recovery unit and on the ward (to 24 h). Electronic PONV was defined as the administration of an anti-emetic medication. A 6-month electronic PONV rate was also calculated.

Results
Manual audit captured 142 patients and electronic audit captured 294 patients, over the same time period. The manual PONV rate was 10% (95% confidence interval (CI) 5–16%) in the post-anaesthetic recovery unit and 20% (95% CI 14–28%) the next day. The electronic rate was 5% (95% CI 3–8%) in the post-anaesthetic recovery unit and 15% (11–19%) in a 24-h period. The 6-month electronic audit found 3510 patients, with a post-anaesthetic recovery unit and 24-h PONV rates of 5% (4–6%) and 14% (13–16%), respectively. Electronic audit did not identify 5.8% of PONV patients in the manual audit.

Conclusion
Electronic audit enrolled more patients and identified a lower PONV rate than manual audit, likely from less enrolment bias. Electronic audit was easily repeated over a 6-month period. While electronic PONV audit is possible without additional software, an electronic anaesthetic chart would greatly improve audit quality.
Pavement Burns in New Mexico: Our Experiences, Treatments, and Outcomes
Authors: Laarakker Avra S , Rich Audrey , Wu Eugene 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study focused on patients treated at the University of New Mexico Burn Center who sustained burn injuries from contact with environmentally heated pavement. We report on our patient demographics and outcomes as well as describe our institutional staged surgical approach to treatment. We provide a comparison of our results with other case reports as well as other findings. A retrospective review of patients admitted to the University of New Mexico Burn Center with injuries suffered from contact with hot pavement was performed. Patients were stratified on the presence or absence of altered mental status (AMS) and additional inciting factors. A total of six patients were reviewed from 2018 to 2019. We looked at patient demographics and comorbidities, time of contact with hot pavement, inciting factors, total body surface area (TBSA) burned, location of areas burned, depth of burn injury at the time of presentation and at the time of initial operative debridement, percentage of autograft take, complications, length of stay (LOS), and final disposition. The patients in our study had a mean TBSA of 9.82% corresponding to pressure points of the body. All patients had nearly 100% conversion to full-thickness burns at the time of initial operative debridement. With staged excision and split-thickness autografting, our patients had nearly 100% take of their skin grafts with minimal graft loss or related complications. At the time of presentation, 100% of patients had AMS and 66% (4/6) had a drug- or alcohol-related inciting event. Finally, the average LOS was 19.5 days in comparison to 7 to 9 days for uncomplicated burns of equivalent size at our burn center. Despite an initial appearance of a partial-thickness burn, pavement burns had a high propensity to convert to full-thickness burns. Patients with AMS contributed to our patient population being found with pavement burns. Patients with pavement burns had a distinct anatomic pattern corresponding to pressure points of the body which were often areas at high risk for skin and wound breakdown and complications. Staged excision and split-thickness autografting in the treatment of pavement burns yielded excellent results. Finally, our data showed that providers must be prepared for an extended LOS for patients with pavement burns.
The Collective Behavior of Ant Groups Depends on Group Genotypic Composition
Authors: Walsh Justin T , Garonski Anna , Jackan Claire , Linksvayer Timothy A 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRecently, researchers have documented variation between groups in collective behavior. However, how genetic variation within and between groups contributes to population-level variation for collective behavior remains unclear. Understanding how genetic variation of group members relates to group-level phenotypes is evolutionarily important because there is increasing evidence that group-level behavioral variation influences fitness and that the genetic architecture of group-level traits can affect the evolutionary dynamics of traits. Social insects are ideal for studying the complex relationship between individual and group-level variation because they exhibit behavioral variation at multiple scales of organization. To explore how the genetic composition of groups affects collective behavior, we constructed groups of pharaoh ants (Monomorium pharaonis) from 33 genetically distinct colonies of known pedigree. The groups consisted of either all workers from the same single colony or workers from two genetically different colonies, and we assayed the exploration and aggression of the groups. We found that collective exploration, but not aggression, depended on the specific genotypic combination of group members, i.e., we found evidence for genotype-by-genotype epistasis for exploration. Group collective behavior did not depend on the pedigree relatedness between genotypes within groups. Overall, this study highlights that specific combinations of genotypes influence group-level phenotypes, emphasizing the importance of considering nonadditive effects of genotypic interactions between group members.