bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the impedance spectroscopy of field‐effect biosensors
Authors: Bausells Joan , Ben Halima Hamdi , Bellagambi Francesca G. , Alcacer Albert , Pfeiffer Norman , Hangouët Marie , Zine Nadia , Errachid Abdelhamid 
Published: September 2021

AbstractImpedance spectroscopy is an electrochemical technique widely used for the electrical characterization of the behavior of biomaterials in all kinds of biosensors. Field‐effect devices, and in particular ion‐sensitive field‐effect transistors (ISFETs), have been extensively studied as transducers for biosensing. They however have not been much analyzed with impedance spectroscopy, because they typically generate non‐Faradaic capacitance measurements, since there is no charge transfer through the insulating gate in contact with the liquid solution. We have recently experimentally shown that Faradaic‐like impedance spectroscopy spectra can be obtained with ISFET devices, allowing high‐sensitivity measurements for different pH and biomarker concentrations. In this paper, we report that both Faradaic‐like and non‐Faradaic impedance behavior can be well understood by a DC and small‐signal AC model of the ISFET working in different conditions. Faradaic‐like impedance measurements are described by the operation of the ISFET in subthreshold conditions. A Nyquist plot semicircle is obtained, corresponding to the transimpedance 1/gmof the ISFET in parallel to the gate capacitances. We show that this behavior is independent of the presence of membrane material on the gate surface. In these conditions, the change in the semicircle diameter for different pH or biomarker concentrations can be understood by the change of 1/gmcorresponding to a threshold voltage shift of the transistor. This description is illustrated with our recent results for pH measurements and the detection of tumor necrosis factor‐α with functionalized devices in standard solutions in the concentration range of 1–20 pg/ml. The use of the impedance spectroscopy technique takes advantage of the exponential behavior of thegm(VGS) curves in the subthreshold (weak inversion) operation of the ISFET. This results in a large signal amplification, where a small change in the threshold voltage results in a large change in the impedance spectrum, thus achieving an increased precision in the measurement of the device response to changes in the analyte concentration.
Characterization of the key odorants of crucian carp soup and flavour improvement by modulated temperature mode in electrical stewpot
Authors: Zhang Man , Chen Mengfei , Xing Suhui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFish soup was usually prepared in electrical stewpot instead of traditional purple clay stewpot due to its convenience nowadays; however, fish soup prepared in electrical stewpot at a high temperature for a long time resulted in flavour deterioration. The flavour profile of crucian carp soup prepared in high temperature modes (traditional purple clay stewpot (TS) and commercial ceramic electrical stewpot (CS)) and low temperature modes (electrical stewpot with low temperature modulation modes (TM1‐TM6)) was studied by sensory evaluation, gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and GC‐MS/olfactometry (GC‐MS/O). Results indicated that crucian carp soup prepared in TM2 (heating rate of 2.44°C/min, constant temperature time of 20 min, low temperature of 90°C, low temperature time of 60 min) had favourable sensory characteristic with stronger cooked fish and fatty aroma and lower off‐flavour. Twenty‐six odorants in crucian carp soup were identified by GC‐MS/O. Of these, 8 odour‐active compounds presented odour activity values (OAVs) greater than 1, with several aldehydes and 1‐octen‐3‐ol contributing as important odorants of crucian carp soup. TM2 samples exhibited higher OAVs in these 8 odorants compared with CS and other TM samples. The umami‐taste amino acids in TM2 accounted for a higher proportion compared to TS and CS samples. The correlation analysis between sensory characteristics and odorants through partial least squares regression (PLSR) indicated that octanal, decanal and 1‐octen‐3‐ol were significantly and positively associated with cooked fish note. Heptanal, octanal, decanal and (E,E)‐2,4‐decadienal significantly and positively linked with fatty note. (E,E)‐2,4‐Decadienal showed a significant and negative correlation with fishy odour.
Undifferentiated sarcoma of bone with a round to epithelioid cell phenotype harboring a novel EWSR1‐SSX2 fusion identified by RNA‐based next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Cordier Fleur , Van der Meulen Joni , Van Gaever Bram , Lapeire Lore , Sys Gwen , Van Dorpe Jo , Creytens David 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDue to the increased application of RNA‐based next‐generation sequencing techniques on bone and soft tissue round cell sarcomas new fusions are frequently found, thereby expanding the molecular landscape of these tumors. In this report, we describe and discuss the finding of an undifferentiated sarcoma of the bone with a round to epithelioid cell phenotype harboring a novel EWSR1‐SSX2 fusion. Treatment of this new bone tumor entity according to the Euro Ewing 2012 protocol led to complete pathologic response.
The viral hepatitis B care cascade: A population‐based comparison of immigrant groups
Authors: Yasseen Abdool S. , Kwong Jeffrey C. , Feld Jordan J. , Kustra Rafal , MacDonald Liane , Greenaway Christina C. , Janjua Naveed Z. , Mazzulli Tony , Sherman Morris , Lapointe‐Shaw Lauren , Sander Beate , Crowcroft Natasha S. 
Published: September 2021

Background and Aims
The global burden of viral hepatitis B is substantial, and monitoring infections across the care cascade is important for elimination efforts. There is little information on care disparities by immigration status, and we aimed to quantify disease burden among immigrant subgroups.

Approach and Results
In this population‐based, retrospective cohort study, we used linked laboratory and health administrative records to describe the HBV care cascade in five distinct stages: (1) lifetime prevalence; (2) diagnosis; (3) engagement with care; (4) treatment initiation; and (5) treatment continuation. Infections were identified based on at least one reactive antigen or nucleic acid test, and lifetime prevalence was estimated as the sum of diagnosed and estimated undiagnosed cases. Care cascades were compared between long‐term residents and immigrant groups, including subgroups born in hepatitis B endemic countries. Stratified analyses and multivariable Poisson regression were used to identify drivers for cascade progression. Between January 1997 and December 2014, 2,014,470 persons were included, 50,475 with infections, of whom 30,118 were engaged with care, 11,450 initiated treatment, and 6554 continued treatment >1 year. Lifetime prevalence was estimated as 163,309 (1.34%) overall, 115,722 (3.42%) among all immigrants, and 50,876 (9.37%) among those from highly endemic countries. Compared to long‐term residents, immigrants were more likely to be diagnosed (adjusted rate ratio [aRR], 4.55; 95% CI, 4.46, 4.63), engaged with care (aRR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04, 1.09), and initiate treatment (aRR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.03, 1.16).

Conclusions
In conclusion, immigrants fared well compared to long‐term residents along the care cascade, having higher rates of diagnosis and slightly better measures in subsequent cascade stages, although intensified screening efforts and better strategies to facilitate linkage to care are still needed.
Population screening for liver fibrosis: Toward early diagnosis and intervention for chronic liver diseases
Authors: Ginès Pere , Castera Laurent , Lammert Frank , Graupera Isabel , Serra‐Burriel Miquel , Allen Alina M. , Wong Vincent Wai‐Sun , Hartmann Phillipp , Thiele Maja , Caballeria Llorenç , de Knegt Robert J. , Grgurevic Ivica , Augustin Salvador , Tsochatzis Emmanuel A. , Schattenberg Jörn M. , Guha Indra Neil , Martini Andrea , Morillas Rosa M. , Garcia‐Retortillo Montserrat , de Koning Harry J. , Fabrellas Núria , Pich Judit , Ma Ann T. , Diaz M. Alba , Roulot Dominique , Newsome Philip N. , Manns Michael , Kamath Patrick S. , Krag Aleksander ,   for the LiverScreen Consortium Investigators
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cirrhosis, highly prevalent worldwide, develops after years of hepatic inflammation triggering progressive fibrosis. Currently, the main etiologies of cirrhosis are non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol‐related liver disease, although chronic hepatitis B and C infections are still major etiological factors in some areas of the world. Recent studies have shown that liver fibrosis can be assessed with relatively high accuracy noninvasively by serological tests, transient elastography, and radiological methods. These modalities may be utilized for screening for liver fibrosis in at‐risk populations. Thus far, a limited number of population‐based studies using noninvasive tests in different areas of the world indicate that a significant percentage of subjects without known liver disease (around 5% in general populations and a higher rate −18% to 27%‐in populations with risk factors for liver disease) have significant undetected liver fibrosis or established cirrhosis. Larger international studies are required to show the harms and benefits before concluding that screening for liver fibrosis should be applied to populations at risk for chronic liver diseases. Screening for liver fibrosis has the potential for changing the current approach from diagnosing chronic liver diseases late when patients have already developed complications of cirrhosis to diagnosing liver fibrosis in asymptomatic subjects providing the opportunity of preventing disease progression.
Discrete‐event models for the simulation of computed tomography sectors according to hospital structural/organizational changes and expected patient arrival rates
Authors: Santos Rogério Pires , Pereira Wagner Coelho de Albuquerque , Almeida Renan Moritz Varnier Rodrigues 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the types of computed tomography (CT) scanners most suitable for different hospital sizes and ‘scenarios’ (exam rates and structural/organizational changes), using discrete‐event simulation models.Materials and methodsCT exams were divided into stages, measured during on‐site surveys at CT services in small and average size private hospitals. Ten devices in nine health units, five cities and two states of Brazil were studied to this end, and the following data were collected: Time spent in each stage for each type of exam; average monthly number of exams performed and general characteristics of exams. Three arrival rates were defined (103, 154 and 206 patients/day), representing expected demand for the studied units. From these parameters, six scenarios were simulated, consisting of changes in personnel and hospital structure (e.g., ‘adding a changing room’) in a base scenario (one CT, one changing room, no nursing assistance, arrival rate 1).ResultsIt was possible to identify a scenario most useful for very large demands, such as large emergency hospitals in big cities, (a CT, nursing assistance and three changing rooms added to the base scenario). Another identified scenario was more adequate for small demands (adding a changing room to the base scenario).ConclusionAdministrative/organizational measures are a very important factor in defining productivity in a hospital imaging sector. The focus of these measures should be on detecting bottlenecks and improving processes, regardless of the type of equipment used.
Prevalence of and risk factors for hypertension in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tesfa Endalamaw , Demeke Dessalegn 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundA number of epidemiological studies were performed to know the prevalence of and the risk factors for hypertension. However, these studies reported inconsistent results. As a result, this systematic review and meta‐analysis were planned to generate representative data on the prevalence of and risk factors for hypertension among the Ethiopian adult population.MethodsFive electronic databases, namely, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Hinari, and African Journals Online, were searched for studies published in English from 1 January 2010 to 31 August 2020. Joanna Briggs Institute Meta‐Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument and Newcastle‐Ottawa scale were used for data extraction and quality assessment for this review. Stata version 14 statistical software was used for the analysis, and due to high heterogeneity a random effects model was used for meta‐analysis at 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsIn this review, 35 observational studies were included. The pooled prevalence of hypertension in Ethiopia was 20.63% (95% CI [18.70, 22.55]) with the I2 value of 96.1%. Older age (≥40 years) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.46 [95% CI: 2.67, 4.49]), urban residence (AOR: 1.47 [95% CI: 1.28, 1.70]), educational status less than grade 12 (AOR: 1.67 [95% CI: 1.38, 2.01]), family history of hypertension (AOR: 4.33 [95% CI: 2.95, 6.34]), diabetes mellitus (DM) (AOR: 5.18 [95% CI: 3.01, 8.88]), body mass index (BMI) ≥25 (AOR: 3.79 [95% CI: 2.61, 5.50]), central obesity (AOR: 1.91 [95% CI: 1.09, 3.36]), and alcohol consumption (AOR: 1.72 [95% CI: 1.26, 2.34]) were the identified risk factors for hypertension.ConclusionThe pooled prevalence of hypertension is relatively higher as compared to the previous reports in Ethiopia. Older age, urban residence, lower educational coverage, family history of hypertension, DM, BMI ≥25, alcohol consumption, and central obesity were the risk factors for hypertension. The governments and stakeholders should design an appropriate strategy to prevent and control the disease in the Ethiopian population.
PD‐1/PD‐L1 blockade: Prospectives for immunotherapy in cancer and autoimmunity
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Ramin , Feizisani Fahimeh , Shomali Navid , Abdelbasset Walid Kamal , Hemmatzadeh Maryam , Gholizadeh Navashenaq Jamshid , Jadidi‐Niaragh Farhad , Bokov Dmitry O. , Janebifam Morteza , Mohammadi Hamed 
Published: September 2021

AbstractImmune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICBT) has become a successful cancer treatment approach in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Blockade of programmed death 1 (PD‐1) and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) with monoclonal antibodies have been known as successful examples of cancer immunotherapy in recent years. Although ICBT has been shown to be beneficial in cancers, such benefits have only been seen in a portion of cancer patients. In this regard, enhancing the therapeutic effects of inhibiting PD‐1 and PD‐L1 and reducing the side effects of this approach can be considered as a potential approach in a successful ICBT. In this review, we have highlighted new viewpoints regarding improving the therapeutic effect of PD‐1 and PD‐L1 blockades in cancer therapy. Besides, their expression levels as a biomarker with prognostic value, their role in intestinal microbiota modulation, combination therapy, and immune‐related side effects (irAEs) have been discussed.
Characterizing the reach of comprehensive medication management in a population health primary care model
Authors: Pestka Deborah L. , Brummel Amanda R. , Wong Michelle T. , Rajpurohit Abhijeet , Elert Brent A. , Farley Joel F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionAs care teams adopt team‐based models of care, it is important to examine the reach of interdisciplinary services, such as pharmacists providing comprehensive medication management (CMM). This study examined the reach of pharmacist‐delivered CMM in the first 10 months of a population health‐focused primary care transformation (PCT).MethodsUsing electronic health record data, descriptive statistics (counts and percentages, as well as means and standard deviations) were quantified to summarize the patients who received CMM in two PCT pilot clinics pre‐ and post‐PCT.ResultsPatients who had at least one CMM visit increased from 554 during the pre‐PCT window to 880 during the post‐PCT window. However, when adjusted for the increased pharmacist full‐time equivalents (FTE) included as part of the PCT, 462 and 330 patients/FTE were seen in the pre‐ vs post‐PCT periods, respectively. When calculating the percentage of patients who received CMM, this increased from 2.3% of all primary care patients seen in the two pilot clinics before the PCT began to 4.4% after the PCT was implemented. Most patient demographics remained largely the same between the pre‐ and post‐PCT periods. However, CMM patients seen in the post‐PCT period had more medication therapy problems across all medication therapy problem categories compared with patients in the pre‐PCT period. In addition, patients receiving CMM had significantly more conditions and medications and higher hospitalizations and emergency department use compared with the general clinic population.ConclusionsReach is an important implementation outcome to determine the representativeness of individuals participating in a given service. This study illustrates that pharmacists providing CMM see complex patients with a high propensity for medication therapy problems. However, opportunities exist to improve the reach of CMM and, in turn, enhance team‐based care.
Pharmacodynamic Modeling of CDK4/6 Inhibition‐Related Biomarkers and the Characterization of the Relationship Between Biomarker Response and Progression‐Free Survival in Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Yu Yanke , Sun Wan , Liu Yuan , Wang Diane 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIdentification of a pharmacodynamic (PD) biomarker, which is predictive of the efficacy outcome, is of ultimate interest in drug development. The objectives of the current analyses are to develop the pharmacokinetic (PK)/PD model for biomarkers (thymidine kinase 1 [TK1] in serum and phosphor‐retinoblastoma protein [pRb] and Ki67 in skin tissues) related to cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibition by palbociclib and to explore the relationship of the biomarker response with the efficacy end point (progression‐free survival). The data used for analysis consisted of extensive sampling of palbociclib PK and longitudinal rich sampling for the PD biomarkers TK1, pRb, and Ki67 in 26 patients. A 2‐compartment model was used to describe the PK of palbociclib. A precursor‐dependent indirect response PD model was developed to describe the pRb time course, whereas a similar PD model with an additional transit compartment to model the delayed effect on Ki67 and TK1 response was used to describe the Ki67 and TK1 time course. Palbociclib effect on biomarkers was modeled as a maximum inhibition model. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the relationship of progression‐free survival with the biomarker response. The PK/PD models adequately described the observed PK of palbociclib and the longitudinal change of pRb, Ki67, and TK1. Palbociclib exposure significantly correlated with the reduction of all 3 biomarkers, and the estimated concentration to achieve 50% inhibition of the synthesis rate values were 45.2, 42.4, 50.2 ng/mL, respectively, for pRb, Ki67, and TK1. The exploratory biomarker‐response analyses showed that a longer PFS was associated with lower baseline TK1 and simulated minimum TK1. Such results may warrant further confirmation from future large‐scale study. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02499146
The fabrication of BaTiO3 supported AuPd nanoparticles for selective oxidation of 1,2‐propanediol to lactic acid
Authors: Shen Lingqin , Xiong Xiong , Gu Yuheng , Jin Aiqian , Shao Shouyan , Wang Chengtao , Yin Hengbo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe oxidation of 1,2‐propanediol under alkaline conditions in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst can be tailored to the formation of lactic acid, an important commodity chemical. In the present study, BaTiO3 supported bimetallic AuPd nanoparticles was fabricated by sol‐immobilized method and investigated by different characterizations. The optimum operating parameters of 1,2‐propanediol catalytic oxidation were explored via the combination of single factor experiment and response surface methodology.RESULTSThe high lactic acid yield of 81.4% can be obtained under optimum operating conditions (106 °C, 1.1 MPa O2 pressure, and NaOH/1,2‐PDO molar ratio of 3.0). The results of single factor experiment indicated that selectivity to lactic acid decreased with prolonging the reaction time, but increasing the temperature, NaOH concentration and O2 pressure appeared to decrease the lactic acid selectivity after an initial increase. Reaction kinetics indicated that the value of Ea was 39.2 kJ·mol−1 over AuPd/BaTiO3 catalyst. After five runs, the AuPd/BaTiO3 catalyst stills retained high activity.CONCLUSIONThe AuPd/BaTiO3 catalyst exhibited a good catalytic activity for this selective oxidation while the coalescence of Au and Pd nanoparticles can enhance the selectivity to lactic acid. NaOH/1,2‐PDO molar ratio imposed an extremely comparable impact on lactic acid yield. The mutual interactions between reaction temperature and NaOH/1,2‐PDO molar ratio, as well as NaOH/1,2‐PDO molar ratio and pressure, were of vital significance. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
A new modification method of metal substrates via candle soot to prepare effective anodes in air‐cathode microbial fuel cells
Authors: Pu Kai‐Bo , Gao Jia‐Yao , Cai Wen‐Fang , Chen Qing‐Yun , Guo Kun , Huang Ye , Gao Sheng‐Hui , Wang Yun‐Hai 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDChoosing applicable anodes can effectively promote the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). This study introduced a novel method to prepare effective metal‐based anodes modified by carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) derived from candle soot. The CNPs can be firmly coated on the metal and the modified metal surfaces show good hydrophilicity.RESULTSThis study used titanium mesh, stainless steel sheet and copper sheet as the anode's substrate, respectively. CNPs could improve the biocompatibility and electrochemical properties of these metals. The power generation performance of MFCs with CNP‐modified anodes has been dramatically enhanced, and the maximum power density is 616 mW m−2 in MFCs with CNP‐modified titanium mesh anode.CONCLUSIONAfter CNP modification, the rough surface and excellent biocompatibility could promote the attachment and growth of microorganisms, which may be the main reasons for the improvement of MFC performance. Besides, this method is suitable to modify different metal substrates. The results showed that the CNP‐coated metal anodes could improve the power output of MFCs compared to pure metal anodes. Therefore, this method has significant advantages in the practical application of MFCs. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).