bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of transgen functionality in T2 biotechnological plants of winter wheat on the sign of osmoresistance
Authors: Komisarenko A. G. , Mykhalska S. I. , Kurchii V. M. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. To investigate the functionality of the transgene in the seed generation (T2) of genetically modified winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) in terms of productivity in conditions of normal and insufficient water supply. Methods. Determination of yield structure and protein content. Results. The indicators of productivity of control and T2 biotechnological plants under normal growing conditions and water deficit are analyzed. The quantitative composition of protein in the conditions before and after osmotic stress and in the period of rehydration was determined. Conclusions. It is shown that under the action of water deficit there is a decrease in productivity for all studied plants. In this case, genetically modified plants had an advantage in the main elements of the crop structure over the original form under both analyzed growing conditions. It was found that under normal conditions of hydration, the amount of protein in the studied plants did not differ significantly. An increase in its content in control plants under the action of osmotic stress was recorded, which may indicate the synthesis of stress response proteins. Decreased protein content during rehydration may indicate the passage of normal metabolic processes.
Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., biotechnological plants, proline dehydrogenase gene, structural analysis of yield, osmostability.
Strategy for searching potential partner genes of Drosophila melanogaster Sws gene
Authors: Horin M. Ye. , Matiytsiv N. P. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. The Drosophila swiss cheese (sws) gene is a mammalian ortholog of neuropathy target esterase (NTE or PNPLA6). This protein is involved in the functioning of the nervous system and causes some kinds of polyneuropathy with the mechanism unknown. Genes-interactors of the sws gene should be found to investigate the cellular mechanism of SWS/NTE-dependent neuropathy formation and to find out what signaling pathways SWS is involved in. Methods. The search was done in the Drosophila database – Flybase, in the NCBI (Gene) database to search for orthologs, and the String web resource was used in the case of potential protein interactions. Results. Only four experimentally identified genes-interactors were listed in the Flybase. Based on the expression changes data of 28 genes at PNPLA6 silencing, a theoretical search for the corresponding orthologs in Drosophila was done. The in silico assay predicted 10 proteins that are probably functioning within one metabolic pathway. Conclusions. The methods applied gave us a wide list of genes that can interact with sws at different levels: from the expression pattern to the phenotype. Therefore, 25 potentially partner genes were selected to verify the genetic interaction of these genes in vivo.
Keywords: gene swiss cheese, neuropathy target esterase, neurodegeneration, in silico analysis, genes interaction, Drosophila melanogaster.
Statistical analysis of cytogenetic data
Authors: Atramentova L. A. 
Published: October 2021

Using the data obtained in a cytogenetic study as an example, we consider the typical errors that are made when performing statistical analysis. Widespread but flawed statistical analysis inevitably produces biased results and increases the likelihood of incorrect scientific conclusions. Errors occur due to not taking into account the study design and the structure of the analyzed data. The article shows how the numerical imbalance of the data set leads to a bias in the result. Using a dataset as an example, it explains how to balance the complex. It shows the advantage of presenting sample indicators with confidence intervals instead of statistical errors. Attention is drawn to the need to take into account the size of the analyzed shares when choosing a statistical method. It shows how the same data set can be analyzed in different ways depending on the purpose of the study. The algorithm of correct statistical analysis and the form of the tabular presentation of the results are described.
Keywords: data structure, numerically unbalanced complex, confidence interval.
Special aspects of teaching medical genetics to future doctors
Authors: Piskun R. P. , Hrynchak N. M. , Shkarupa V. M. , Sprut O. V. , Vasenko T. B. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. Improving educational process in teaching Medical Genetics as part of the Medical Biology in order to improve the quality of professional training of future doctors. Methods. Study of methodological developments and analysis of work programs of biological disciplines of various medical universities, as well as development of methods for optimizing an educational process. Results. Due to constantly growing requirements for the quality of education and training of highly qualified specialists in the modern settings, it is important to actively search for new methods and forms of training that would help bring students' training to international standards as close as possible. Scientific progress requires a significant improvement in the forms of teaching, development of complex training programs, presentation of a large amount of information for uptake at a higher, qualitatively new level. Preparing future doctors, teachers of the Medical Biology Department apply all the necessary activities that not only help to get fundamental general biological training, but to master the skills necessary for practical and research work. Conclusions. Broad involvement of modern methods of teaching in a pedagogical process in higher education, such as interactive methods, is a significant step towards qualitative changes in education, in particular, obtaining better results of the educational process and professional training of students.
Keywords: medical genetics, students, higher education, learning optimisation methods, educational process.
Life and scientific path of Fedor Antonovich Tkachenko (06. 28. 1921 – 02.22.1985). To the 100th anniversary of the birth
Authors: Tymchuk N. F. , Datsenko S. M. 
Published: October 2021

A brief review of information about the life and scientific path of the famous domestic geneticist and breeder of vegetable and melon crops, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor F.A. Tkachenko, dedicated to the 100th anniversary of his birth, is given. The main stages of the formation of F.A. Tkachenko as a person and a scientist during periods of war, training and work at the Institute of Vegetable Growing and Melon Growing of the NAAS are shown. The data on its participation in the development of genetics of heterosis and selection of heterotic hybrids of vegetable and melon crops in Ukraine are presented. The main scientific achievements and results of F.A. Tkachenko's activity as a scientist and teacher are indicated. The role of F.A. Tkachenko in the work of the Institute of Vegetable and Melon Growing of the NAAS and the formation of the national scientific school in the field of genetics and selection of vegetable and melon crops is shown.
Keywords: vegetable and melon crops, genetics of heterosis and heterotic plant breeding in Ukraine, scientific achievements of F.A. Tkachenko.
Evaluation of polyploid miscanthus lines usage efficiency as a feedstock for bioethanol production
Authors: Blume R. Y. , Melnychuk O.V. , Ozheredov S.P. , Rakhmetov D.B. , Blume Y.B. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. Main aim of this research was the evaluation of theoretical bioethanol yield (per ha) from hexaploid giant miscanthus (Miscanthus х giganteus) and further comparison with conventional triploid form as well as with other bioethanol crops. Methods. Several mathematic functions were determined that describe yearly yield dynamics and equations, which were used in calculations of theoretical bioethanol yield. Results. The theoretical bioethanol yield was evaluated for different hexaploid miscanthus lines. The most productive in terms of ethanol yield were lines 108 and 202, from which potential bioethanol yield was found to be higher than in control line (6451 L/ha) by 10.7 % and 14.2% respectively and can reach 7144 L/ha and 7684 L/ha. Conclusions. It was determined that the most productive lines of polyploid miscanthus (lines 108 and 202) are able to compete with other plant cellulosic feedstocks for second-generation bioethanol production in Ukraine. However, these lines show bioethanol productivity than sweet sorghum, in the case when sweet sorghum is processed for obtainment of both first- and second-generation bioethanol.
Keywords: bioenergy crops, biofuels, giant miscanthus, Miscanthus, polyploidy, second-generation bioethanol.
Creation of breeding material of oil flax with high cold resistance by hybridization method
Authors: Vitkovska Yu. S. , Poliakova I. O. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. The aim of the study is to create a selection material of oilseed flax with high cold resistance by hybridization. Methods. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: simple (single and reciprocal) and complex (backcross, triple, four- and five-component step) crossing. Promising plants for cold tolerance donors were involved in the selection process. Creations of crossbreeding combinations were created on the basis of hypotheses of multiple gene action and heterosis. Results. The results of the study are the creation of hybrids of oilseed flax with high cold resistance. Conclusions. It was found that paired crosses were less effective compared to different types of complex. The formative process of complex crosses contributes to the increase of adaptive signs and properties to hypothermia. The best donor of cold resistance was the Sideral variety.
Key words: flax, cold resistance, hybridization, simple crosses, complex crosses.
Polymorphism of high-molecular-weight glutenin loci in Ukrainian wheat landraces Triticum aestivum L.
Authors: Sobko T. O. , Lisova G.M. , Blagodarova O.M. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. The aim of the study was to investigate allelic variability of high-molecular-weight glutenin loci Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1 in Ukrainian winter wheat landraces and obsolete cultivars Triticum aestivum L. Methods. Allelic diversity at the Glu-1 loci were analyzed in 54 collection accessions, including 41 landraces (Krymka, Banatka, Girka, Theyka and others), and 13 first breeding cultivars that were developed in the beginning of the last century by selection from local wheat. Method of SDS-PAG electrophoresis according to Laemmli was used for fractionation of HMW glutenin subunits. Results. A total 11 alleles at the Glu-1 loci were identified, including 3 alleles at the Glu-A1 (a, b, c) and Glu-D1 (a, b, d) loci, and 5 – at the Glu- B1 (c, u, an, aj and subunit 9). Differences in frequencies of glutenin alleles were revealed. Conclusions. In the gene pool of Ukrainian winter bread wheat landraces the most widespread alleles were Glu-A1a (43.3 %), Glu-A1b (40.5 %), Glu-B1c (58 %), Glu-B1u (23 %), Glu-D1d (48.6 %), Glu-D1a (47.2 %). All these alleles (except of the Glu-D1a) are also predominant in the gene pool of modern commercial Ukrainian cultivars. A distinctive feature of Ukrainian landraces are the rare allelic variants of the Glu-B1 locus, which encode the subunits 1By9 and 1By8 (allele Glu-B1aj).
Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., winter wheat, landraces, high-molecular-weight glutenin, alleles.
Characteristic of the karyotype of products of conception depending on reproductive history of women
Authors: Tkach I. R. , Huleyuk N.L. , Zastavna D.V. , Bezkorovaina G.M. , Helner N.V. , Fedushun T.V. , Snizhko T.B. , Benko O.V. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. The prognosis of the reproductive function of women with pregnancy loss is complex and partly based on the results of karyotyping of material of reproductive loss. We studied the features of the karyotype of material of EPL depending on the reproductive history of women with an emphasis on viable and non–viable karyotype abnormalities(KA). Methods. Banding cytogenetic and interphase mFISH with the centromeric probe panel for chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22, X and Y were used. Results. Were examined 1734 cases of material EPL. Abnormal karyotype was set in 39.3% of cases. The frequency of KA is not significantly different in the material of EPL obtained from women with different reproductive history, namely: first pregnancy loss– 38.9% RPL – 38.2% and SPL – 41.0% (P> 0.05). In the group with RPL significantly more frequent non–viable KA and less viable KA, compared with a group of SPL namely 70.15% and 29.85% compared to 58.85% and 41.15% respectively(P<0.025). Conclusions. The contribution of different KA in genesis of the EPL depends on the reproductive history of women, namely women with RPL significantly increases the proportion of non–viable KA and reduced contribution viable KA compared with a group of SPL.
Keywords: early reproductive loss, maternal reproductive history, karyotype abnormalities.
The influence of selective light on the growth reaction and antioxidant system of seedlings Pisum sativum L.
Authors: Avksentieva O. O. , Batueva E.D. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. Study of the effect of red (660 nm), green (530 nm) and blue (450 nm) light on the growth processes and the state of the antioxidant system in the axial organs of seedlings of pea plants. Methods. Etiolated seedlings of pea Maecenat variety were irradiated with selective light with different spectrum of RL (660 nm), GL (530 nm), BL (450 nm) to activate photoreceptor systems of plants. In 10-day-old seedlings, growth response was determined – linear growth and biomass accumulation, as well as indicators of antioxidant system – hydrogen peroxide content and activity of oxidases – catalase and nonspecific peroxidase in axial organs of seedlings: in the aboveground part and roots. Results. Irradiation of the RL and the GL stimulates the accumulation of seedling biomass in the aboveground part and roots. BL inhibits the growth response of seedlings. The maximum stimulating effect is shown by the GL. The state of the antioxidant system in etiolated seedlings is characterized by organ specificity. Under the action of selective light, the content of the main form of ROS – hydrogen peroxide and shoots and in the roots, significantly stimulates the activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes in the aboveground part of the seedling and is inhibited in the roots. The maximum effect in the aboveground part is shown by the GL, in the roots of the RL and the BL. Conclusions. The established effects of selective light irradiation are manifested differently in the aboveground and underground parts of seedlings. Possible mechanisms of connection of a condition of antioxidant system with separate aspects of signaling in photomorphogenesis of plants are discussed.
Keywords: Pisum sativum L., selective light, RL (660 nm), GL (530 nm), BL (450 nm), growth reaction, axial organs, H2O2, catalase, peroxidase.
L’américanité, ou la destruction tranquille du patrimoine
Authors: Mathieu Félix , Charron Catherine 
Published: October 2021

Le patrimoine est en abîme. Il souffre d’un « mal » profond, difficile à cerner. Comment expliquer ce phénomène en le situant plus précisément dans le sillage de la trajectoire sociopolitique du Québec ? Afin de répondre à ce questionnement des plus préoccupants, cet article propose une (hypo)thèse forte qui ne pourra toutefois pas être démontrée au sens premier du terme : c’est pourquoi nous le qualifions d’essai de théorisation. Son objectif consiste à soulever une piste de réponse qui nous paraît féconde, et que nous espérons ensuite voir débattue par la communauté tant épistémique que praticienne. Cette thèse s’articule ainsi : le « mal patrimonial », au Québec, s’explique principalement par la prégnance de l’américanité – comme pensée forte – pour imaginer l’être, le passé et le devenir de la société québécoise. Ce faisant, la nation québécoise en est venue à s’imaginer par l’unique prisme d’une radicale modernité, rejetant par principe toute intentionnalité collective particulière. C’est parce qu’elle associe plus ou moins (in)consciemment le patrimoine aux traditions, puis le traditionalisme aux sociétés d’Ancien régime, que l’américanité est à l’origine de l’abîme du patrimoine et de l’acte de patrimonialisation.
Differential transcriptome analysis and identification of genes related to resistance to blight in three varieties of Bambusa pervariabilis × Dendrocalamopsis grandis
Authors: Luo Fengying , Fang Xinmei , Liu Han , Zhu Tianhui , Han Shan , Peng Qi , Li Shujiang 
Published: October 2021

Background
Bambusa pervariabilis × Dendrocalamopsis grandis is a fast-growing bamboo that is widely introduced in southern China and has great economic and ecological benefits. In recent years, a blight of B. pervariabilis × D. grandis caused by Arthrinium phaeospermum has led to much branch damage and even death of entire bamboo forests.

Methods
To screen for resistance genes in B. pervariabilis × D. grandis, transcriptome sequencing technology was used to compare the gene expression profiles of different varieties of B. pervariabilis × D. grandis with variable resistance and the same varieties under different treatments. The Clusters of Orthologous Groups of Proteins (COG) database; the Gene Ontology (GO) database; and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database were used to annotate and analyse the differentially expressed genes.

Results
A total of 26,157 and 11,648 differentially expressed genes were obtained in the different varieties after inoculation with A. phaeospermum and the same varieties after inoculation A. phaeospermum or sterile water, respectively. There were 23 co-upregulated DGEs and 143 co-downregulated DEGs in #3 and #8, #6 and #8, #6 and #3. There were 50 co-upregulated DGEs and 24 co-downregulated DEGs in the same varieties after inoculation A. phaeospermum or sterile water. The results showed that many genes involved in cell wall composition synthesis, redox reactions and signal transduction were significantly different after pathogen infection. Twenty-one candidate genes for blight resistance, such as pme53, cad5, pod, gdsl-ll and Myb4l, were found. The qRT-PCR results were consistent with the sequencing results, verifying their authenticity. These results provide a foundation for the further exploration of resistance genes and their functions.
Reliability of the General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire among Head Teachers from Schools in Uganda
Authors: Bukenya Richard , Ekesa Beatrice , Andrade Jeanette M. , Grigsby-Toussaint Diana S. , Mugabi Robert , Muyonga John , Andrade Juan E. 
Published: October 2021

Valid and reliable questionnaires are necessary to improve the existence and quality of nutrition information, which determines interventions in low-resource settings, especially among decision makers and change agents.
The present study evaluated the internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the data collected among 255 head teachers from schools in Mukono and Wakiso districts in Uganda using a general nutrition knowledge questionnaire (GNKQ) earlier developed. Cronbach alpha (α) was used to determine internal consistency. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) and intraclass correlation coefficient were used to measure test-retest dependability on scores (ICC2,1).
Overall internal consistency on 94 items was α = 0.89 at time one and 0.92 at time two. All items yielded data with a satisfactory internal consistency (α > 0.7). Two domains, Expert advice (ICC = 0.64) and Selecting food (ICC = 0.41), were determined to have insufficient test-retest reliability (r < 0.7 and ICC = 0.7), and their items were removed from the next analyses. The remaining nutrition knowledge topics with adequate test-retest reliability were food groupings (ICC = 0.9), nutrition and sickness (ICC = 0.91), and food fortification (ICC = 0.95). According to the findings, the prototype nutrition knowledge questionnaire had acceptable internal consistency and test-retest reliability.
These findings indicate that the previously established questionnaire can be used to assess general nutrition knowledge among head teachers. To boost generalizability, future studies could use the questionnaire on a different group of adults.
Association between Mother’s Literacy and INFANT & Young Child Feeding (IYCF) Practices and Nutritional Status of Urban under 5 Year Children
Authors: Nakte Reshma , Arlappa Nimmathota , Arunakumari Tata , Balakrishna Nagalla 
Published: October 2021

Aim: To assess the association of mother’s literacy status with infant & young child feeding (IYCF) practices and nutritional status of urban under 5 year children.
Methods: A community based cross- sectional study was carried out among 356 urban children under 5 years from 30 randomly selected Anganwadi Centres (AWCs) in Hyderabad, during 2017-18. The information regarding infant & young child feeding (IYCF) practices was obtained from the mothers of under 5 year children. Anthropometric measurements such as height and weight of all the children were measured adopting standard procedures and using standard anthropometric equipment.
Results: About half of the mothers reportedly initiated breast feeding to their newborns within one hour of birth. The proportion of mothers fed pre-lacteals and colostrum to newborn was 35% and 96% respectively. A higher proportion of literate mothers (45.1%) exclusively breast fed their infants for the first 6 months as compared to their illiterate counterparts (32.9%). Significantly a higher proportion (63.3%) of literate mothers initiated complementary feeding to their infants soon after completion of 6 months as against 50% in illiterate mothers (p<0.05). The proportion of children with undernutrition i.e. underweight, stunting and wasting was 38.5%, 40.6% and 16.8%, respectively. The prevalence of underweight and stunting was significantly (p<0.05) higher among the children of illiterate mothers as compared to literate mothers.
Conclusion: In general, mother’s literacy was significantly associated with the IYCF practices as well as nutritional status of their children. Therefore, respective Governments should initiate appropriate measures to increase female literacy levels in India.
Increased Graft Survival through Ectonucleotidases Modulation in Platelets and Lymphocytes of Kidney Transplanted Patients
Authors: Mânica Aline , Oliveira Maciel Sarah Franco Vieira de , Guedes Ribeiro Maiara Vanusa , Paiz Alessandra , Ribeiro Bizuti Matheus , Dulce Bagatini Margarete , Resende e Silva Débora Tavares de 
Published: October 2021

Background: despite limited long-term survival, kidney transplantation is the best form of renal replacement therapy for terminal disease patients. Components of extracellular purinergic signaling plays a fundamental role on inﬂammation and immune response related to organ transplantation. They could be alternative targets to avoid graft rejection.
Materials and Methods: The hydrolysis of ATP, ADP and AMP nucleotides was analyzed in both lymphocytes and platelets, as well as the quantification of ATP and ADA activity. A sample of 30 patients who underwent kidney transplants was obtained, of which 15 had a transplant time of less than one year (acute response) and 15 had a transplant time between one and three years (chronic response).
Results: In the group with transplantation time between one and three years, it was possible to identify a significant decrease in the amount of ATP, increase in ATP hydrolysis in platelets, decrease in AMP hydrolysis and increase in ADA activity, also in platelets. In the lymphocyte sample, there was a significant reduction in ADA activity as well as a decrease in the amount of ATP.
Conclusions: From the data obtained in the study, it can be inferred that adenosine can reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, providing greater graft survival and reducing the intensity of graft-versus-host disease. ATP signaling exerts inflammatory effects and modulates the purinergic signaling cascade, offering new avenues for drug therapies to combat chronic graft rejection.