bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drone Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera) are Disproportionately Sensitive to Abiotic Stressors Despite Expressing High Levels of Stress Response Proteins
Authors: McAfee Alison , Metz Bradley , Milone Joseph , Foster Leonard , Tarpy David 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Drone honey bees (haploid males) are the obligate sexual partners of queens, and the availability of healthy, high-quality drones directly affects a queen’s fecundity and productivity of her subsequent colony. Yet, our understanding of how stressors affect drone fecundity and physiology is presently limited. We investigated sex biases in susceptibility to abiotic stressors (cold stress, topical imidacloprid exposure, and topical exposure to a realistic cocktail of pesticides), and we found that drones were more sensitive to cold and imidacloprid exposure but the cocktail was not toxic at the concentrations tested. We corroborated this lack of apparent toxicity with in-hive cocktail exposures via pollen feeding. We then used quantitative proteomics to investigate protein expression profiles in the hemolymph of topically exposed workers and drones, and we show that drones express surprisingly high levels of putative stress response proteins relative to workers. Drones apparently invest in strong constitutive expression of damage-mitigating proteins for a wide range of stressors, yet they are still sensitive to stress when challenged. The robust expression of stress-response proteins suggests that drone stress tolerance systems are fundamentally rewired relative to workers, and their susceptibility to stress depends on more than simply gene dose or deleterious recessive alleles.
Fishing intensification as response to Late Holocene socio-ecological instability in southeastern South America
Authors: Toso Alice , Hallingstad Ellen , McGrath Krista , Fossile Thiago , Conlan Christine , Ferreira Jessica , Bandeira Dione da Rocha , Giannini Paulo César Fonseca , Gilson Simon-Pierre , Bueno Lucas de Melo Reis , Bastos Murilo Quintans Ribeiro , Borba Fernanda Mara , Santos Adriana M. P. , Colonese André Carlo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The emergence of plant-based economies have dominated evolutionary models of Middle and Late Holocene pre-Columbian societies. Comparatively, the use of aquatic resources and the circumstances for intensifying their exploitation, have received little attention. Here we reviewed the stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of 390 human individuals from Middle and Late Holocene coastal sambaquis, a long-lasting shell mound culture that flourished for nearly 7000 years along the Atlantic Forest coast of Brazil. Using a newly generated faunal isotopic baseline and Bayesian Isotope Mixing Models we quantified the relative contribution of marine resources to the diet of some of these groups. Through the analysis of more than 400 radiocarbon dates we show that fishing sustained large and resilient populations during most of the Late Holocene. A sharp decline was observed in the chronology of non-ceramic sites from ca. 2200 years ago, possibly reflecting the dissolution of several nucleated groups into smaller social units, coinciding with substantial changes in coastal environments. The adoption of ceramics from ca. 1200 years ago is marked by innovation and intensification of fishing practices, in a context of increasing social and ecological instability in the Late Holocene.
The Predictive Utility of Functional Status at Discharge: A Population-level Cohort Analysis
Authors: Junek Mats L , Jones Aaron , Heckman George , Demers Catherine , Griffith Lauren E , Costa Andrew P 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Functional status is a patient-important, patient-centered measurement. The utility of functional status measures to inform post-discharge patient needs is unknown. We sought to examine the utility of routinely collected functional status measures gathered from older hospitalized patients to predict a panel of post-discharge outcomes.Methods: In this population-based retrospective cohort study, Adults 65+ who experienced an acute hospitalization between 4 November 2008 and 16 March 2016 in Ontario, Canada and received an assessment of functional status at discharge using the Health Outcomes for Better Information and Care (HOBIC) tool were included. Multivariable regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between functional status and emergency department (ED) presentation, hospital readmission, long term care facility (LTCF) admission or wait listing (‘LTCF readiness’), and death at 180 days from discharge.Results: A total of 80,020 patients were included. 38,928 (48.6%) re-presented to the ED, 24,222 (30.3%) were re-admitted, 5,037 (6.3%) were LTCF ready, and 9,047 (11.3%) died at 180 days. Beyond age, functional status at discharge was the factor most associated with LTCF readiness (Odds Ratio [OR] 4.11; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 3.70-4.57) and death (OR 3.99; 95% CI: 3.67-4.35). Functional status also had a graded relationship with each outcome and improved the discriminability of the models predicting death and LTCF readiness (p<0.01) but not ED re-presentation or hospital re-admission.Conclusion: Routinely collected functional status at discharge meaningfully improves models to predict long term care home readiness and death. The routine assessment of functional status can inform post-discharge care and service planning for older adults.
Dissection The Practical Soybean Breeding Pipeline By Developing High Throughput Functional Array ZDX1
Authors: Sun Rujian , Sun Bincheng , Tian Yu , Su Shanshan , Zhang Yong , Zhang Wanhai , Guo Bingfu , Li Huihui , Li Yanfei , Gao Huawei , Gu Yongzhe , Yu Lili , Ma Yansong , Wang Jingshun , Yu Ping , Su Erhu , Li Qiang , Hu Xingguo , Zhang Qi , Guo Rongqi , Chai Shen , Feng Lei , Wang Jun , Hong Huilong , Xu Jiangyuan , Wen Jing , Liu Jiqiang , Li Yinghui , Qiu Lijuan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Microarray technology facilitates rapid, accurate, and economical genotyping. Here, using resequencing data from 2,214 representative soybean accessions, we developed the ZDX1 high-throughput functional soybean array, containing 158,959 SNPs, covering 90.92% of soybean genes and sites related to agronomically important traits. We genotyped 817 soybean accessions using ZDX1, including parental lines, non-parental lines, and progeny from a practical breeding pipeline. It was clarified that non-parental lines had highest genetic diversity, and 235 SNPs were identified to be fixed in the progeny. The unknown soybean cyst nematode-resistant and early maturity accessions were identified by using allele combinations. Notably, we found that breeding index was a good indicator for progeny selection, in which the superior progeny were derived from the crossing more distantly related parents with at least one parent having a higher breeding index. Based on this rule, two varieties were directionally developed. Meanwhile, redundant parents were screened out and potential combinations were formulated. GBLUP analysis displayed that the markers in genic regions had priority to be higher accuracy on predicting four agronomic traits compared with either whole genome or intergenic markers. Then we used progeny to expand the training population to increase the prediction accuracy of breeding selection by 32.1%. Collectively, our work provided a versatile array for high accuracy selecting and predicting both parents and progeny that can greatly accelerate soybean breeding.
Laparoscopy or Laparotomy for High-risk Caesarean Scar Pregnancy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhou Ting , Wang Shixuan , Fu Peiying , Cui Pengfei , Liu Ronghua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) can have catastrophic consequences. A standardized diagnosis and treatment for CSP are still lacking. The currently available treatment methods are confusing, and at least 10 different treatment measures exist. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of with laparotomy or laparoscopy in the treatment of high-risk CSP. Methods: We reviewed 935 patients with CSP from 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2018. A total of 278 patients were included in the study, of whom 121 were treated with laparoscopy and 157 were treated with laparotomy.Results: We compared and analysed the characteristics of the laparoscopic and open surgeries in the treatment of high-risk CSP and the advantages and disadvantages of different methods of vascular pretreatment. Intraoperative bleeding, transfusion rate, total days of hospitalization and postoperative hospital stay were better in laparoscopy than in laparotomy (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the factors (β-HCG decrease, reoperation and tissue residues) closely related to the success of the surgery in the two groups. Furthermore, we pretreated blood vessels differently before the operation in some patients. Tissue residue, reoperation and intraoperative blood transfusion rates in patients with temporary vascular occlusion were better than in patients with permanent vascular occlusion. Conclusions: This study revealed that laparoscopic surgery is superior to laparotomic surgery in the treatment of high-risk CSP. Patients benefited from temporary arterial occlusion in both groups. Temporary arterial occlusion under laparoscopic surgery may be the best treatment for high-risk CSP.
Comprehensive Analysis of Aneuploidy Status and Its Effect on Efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in Lung Cancer
Authors: Wei Bing , Zhao Chengzhi , Yang Ke , Yan Chi , Chang Yuxi , Gao Huijie , Ma Jie , Guo Yongjun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The evaluation of the clinical efficacy of molecularly targeted cancer therapies remains a great challenge.Methods: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy in terms of EGFR mutation abundance and aneuploidy status. Results: The PFS of patients diagnosed as euploidy was actually higher than that of patients diagnosed with aneuploidy, and was related to both ORR and DCR. Patients with EGFR mutation abundance ≥ 28.86% had slightly higher ORR and similar DCR. Two-way analysis of variance was used to assess the effects of EGFR mutation abundance and tumor aneuploidy status on patients’ PFS, supporting a strong correlation between aneuploidy status and clinical efficacy, euploid patients have higher ORR and DCR.Conclusions: Aneuploidy status could effectively evaluate clinical efficacy of patients with lung cancer, whereas EGFR mutations abundance couldn’t predict the extent of benefit from EGFR-TKI treatment.
Trends in Veteran population use of Veterans Affairs chiropractic care
Authors: Burdick Ryan , Corcoran Kelsey , Zhao Xiwen , Lisi Anthony 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background The US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has initiated various approaches to provide chiropractic care to Veterans. Prior work has shown substantial increase in use of VA chiropractic care between fiscal years (FY) 2005-2016. However, the extent of the availability of these services to the Veteran population remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyze the rate of Veteran use of VA chiropractic services, both from on-site care at VA facilities and VA purchased care from community care providers. This study analyzed facility characteristics associated with chiropractic use by both care delivery mechanisms (on-site and in the community).Methods Cross-sectional analyses of administrative data were conducted for FY 2014-19. Data were obtained from VA’s Corporate Data Warehouse. The variables extracted included number of unique Veterans receiving VA chiropractic care on-site and in the community, total Veteran population of the VA facilities, size of the VA chiropractic workforce (measured as Full-Time Equivalent, FTE), and facility characteristics (geographic region and the facility complexity). Descriptive statistics, mixed model, and multivariant models were used to analyze data.Results Use of VA chiropractic care increased over the six-year period for both on-site and community care. National average for on-site use of the population was 1.27% in FY14 and 1.48% in FY19. Community care use was 0.29% and 1.76% for the same years. Use at individual facilities varied widely in each FY. Factors such as chiropractor FTE, geographic locations, and the complexity of the VA facility are associated with use of chiropractic services. ConclusionThe VA has expanded the non-pharmacologic treatments available to Veterans by providing chiropractic services, yet chiropractic use remains low compared to other US populations. As Veterans have a high prevalence of pain and musculoskeletal conditions, continued work to assess and achieve the optimal levels of chiropractic use in this population is warranted.
The Aluminium Demand Risk of Terawatt Photovoltaics for Net Zero Emissions by 2050
Authors: Lennon Alison , Lunardi Marina , Hallam Brett , Dias Pablo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The broad electrification scenario of recent photovoltaics roadmaps predicts that by 2050 we will need more than 60 TW of photovoltaics installed and be producing up to 4.5 TW of additional capacity each year if we are to rapidly reduce emissions to ‘net-zero’ and limit global warming to < 2°C. Given that after 2020, just over 700 GWp was installed, this represents an enormous manufacturing task which will create a demand for a number of metals. We show here that growth to 60 TW of photovoltaics could require up to 480 Mt of aluminium by 2050. A key concern for this aluminium demand is its large global warming potential. We predict the cumulative emissions arising from emission reduction scenarios in China and show that rapid decarbonisation of the electricity grid within 10 years will be required if they are to be kept below 1000 Mt CO2e by 2050.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome In Neonates Associated With SARS-CoV2 infection- A case series.
Authors: MORE KIRAN , Aiyer Sheila , Goti Ashish , Parikh Manan , Sheikh Samir , Patel Gaurav , Kallem Venkat , Soni Roopali , Kumar Praveen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome(MIS) in children (MIS-C) associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) is well recognised in children, however, rarely reported in newborns. We describe a case series of 20 neonates who were diagnosed as MIS in neonates (MIS-N). We grouped cases into three categories as Most likely MIS(5), Possible MIS(9) and Unlikely MIS(6). All neonates had high titres of SARS CoV 2 IgG antibodies and were negative for SARS CoV 2 antigens. The most common clinical findings noted in Most Likely MIS neonates were respiratory distress (4/5), shock with hypotension (4/5) and encephalopathy (4/5). Inflammatory markers like CRP (1/5), Procalcitonin (1/5), Ferritin (3/5), D-dimer (4/5) and LDH (2/5) were found to be elevated, and four of them had significantly high levels of proBNP. The majority of them (4/5) responded to immunomodulators, three discharged home and two neonates died. The most common clinical findings in Possible MIS infants were fever (6/9), respiratory distress (3/9), refusal to feeds (6/9), lethargy (5/9) and tachycardia (3/9). ProBNP as a marker of cardiac dysfunction was noted to be elevated in five infants correlating with Echocardiography in two. All infants in this group responded to immunomodulators.MIS-N manifested as a milder disease in term neonates than preterms, where it was a more severe presentation with cardiac dysfunction. The diagnosis of MIS-N can be challenging and requires a high index of suspicion and early, proactive management. However, it is also important to be cautious of incorrect or overdiagnosis of this condition during the current pandemic.
Evaluation of CSTB and DMBT1 Expression in Saliva of Gastric Cancer Patients and Controls
Authors: Koopaie Maryam , Ghafourian Marjan , Manifar Soheila , Younespour Shima , Davoudi Mansour , Kolahdooz Sajad , Shirkhoda Mohammad 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third cause of cancer deaths globally with late diagnosis, low survival rate and poor prognosis. This case-control study aimed to evaluate the expression of cystatin B (CSTB) and deleted in malignant brain tumor 1 (DMBT1) in the saliva of GC patients with healthy individuals to construct diagnostic algorithms using statistical analysis and machine learning methods.Methods: Demographic data, clinical characteristics and food intake habits of the case and control group were gathered through a standard checklist. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were taken from 31 healthy individuals and 31 GC patients. Through ELISA test and statistical analysis, the expression of salivary CSTB and DMBT1 proteins were evaluated. To construct diagnostic algorithms, we used the machine learning method.Results: The mean salivary expression of CSTB in GC patients was significantly lower (115.55±7.06, p=0.001) and the mean salivary expression of DMBT1 in GC patients was significantly higher (171.88±39.67, p=0.002) than the control. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that GC was significantly correlated with high levels of DMBT1 after controlling the effects of age of participants (R2=0.20, p<0.001). Considering salivary CSTB greater than 119.06 ng/mL as an optimal cut-off value, the sensitivity and specificity of CSTB in the diagnosis of GC was 83.87% and 70.97%, respectively The area under the ROC curve was calculated as 0.728. The optimal cut-off value of DMBT1 for differentiating GC patients from controls was greater than 146.33 ng/mL (sensitivity=80.65% and specificity=64.52%). The area under the ROC curve was up to 0.741. As a result of the machine learning method, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for the diagnostic ability of CSTB, DMBT1, demographic data, clinical characteristics and food intake habits was 0.95. The machine learning model's sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 100%, 70.8%, and 80.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Salivary levels of DMBT1 and CSTB may be accurate in diagnosing GCs. Machine learning analyses using salivary biomarkers, demographic, clinical and nutrition habits data simultaneously could provide affordability models with acceptable accuracy for differentiation of GC by a cost-effective and non-invasive method.
Study on Web Pillar Stability in Open-Pit Highwall Mining
Authors: Jiang Juyu , Zhang Zhuowei , Wang Dong , Wang Laigui , Han Xinping 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
When highwall mining technology is applied to recover large amounts of residual coal left under the highwall of a big open-pit mine, reasonable coal pillar width is the premise for maintaining the stability of web pillars. By adopting the numerical simulation method, the characteristics of the abutment stress distributions in the web pillars under different slope angles and mining depths are studied, and the function of the stress distribution in the web pillar is established. The relationship between the abutment stress and the ultimate strength of the web pillar under different widths is also analyzed and used in combination with the failure characteristics of the pillar yield zone to explore the instability mechanism of the web pillar. The retaining widths of the web pillars are determined. Based on the modeling results, a mechanical bearing model of the web pillar is established, a cusp catastrophe model of pillar-overburden is constructed, and the formula for the web pillar instability criterion is obtained. By analyzing and calculating the ultimate strength of the web pillar, the formula for calculating the yield zone width at both sides of the pillar is achieved. Using the instability criterion of web pillars in highwall mining, a reasonable pillar width can be deduced theoretically, which provides significant guidance on the application of highwall mining technology.
Multimodal Approaches for the Improvement of the Cellular Folding of a Recombinant Iron Regulatory Protein in E. Coli
Authors: Ravitchandirane Gayathri , Bandhu Sheetal , Chaudhuri Tapan K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDuring the recombinant protein expression, foreign proteins are generated in insoluble and inactive aggregates in E. coli cell factories, which inhibits E. coli from being employed as an expression host despite its numerous advantages and ease of use. The yeast mitochondrial aconitase protein, which has a tendency to aggregate when expressed in E. coli cells in the absence of heterologous chaperones GroEL/ES was utilised as a model to investigate how the modulation of physiological stimuli in the host cell can increase protein solubility. The process variables such as incubation temperature, inducer concentrations, growth media, and the presence of folding modulators such as exogenous molecular chaperones or osmolytes are crucial for the cellular folding and are investigated in the study. The processes the physiological stress such as osmotic and heat shock stimulation in the host cells and thereby their effect on the solubility and activity of recombinant proteins was also analysed.ResultsOf the various methods discussed, the cells subjected to the addition of osmolytes and pre-induction heat shock exhibited significant enhancement in the recombinant aconitase activity. The concomitant GroEL/ES expression further assists the folding of these soluble aggregates and increases the functional protein molecules in the cytoplasm of the recombinant E. coli cells.Conclusions﻿The recombinant E. coli cells enduring physiological stress provide a cytosolic environment for the enhancement in the solubility and activity of the recombinant proteins. GroEL/ES-expressing cells not only aided in the folding of recombinant proteins, but also had an effect on the physiology of the expression host. The improvement in the specific growth rate and aconitase productivity during chaperone GroEL/ES co-expression is attributed to the reduction in overall cellular stress caused by the expression host's aggregation-prone recombinant protein expression.
Master-Slave Synchronous Control Method for Attenuating Dual Mode Electromechanical Transmission System Torsional Vibration
Authors: Liu Hui , Zhang Wei , Zhang Xun , Wang Zhen , Yan Pengfei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The high-power electromechanical transmission(EMT) system is a typical dual-mode hybrid power transmission system. The torque fluctuation of internal combustion engine causes serious shock and vibration problems of EMT. It is an important way to improve the life and smoothness of EMT system by using high dynamic regulation of motor torque to suppress the torsional resonance amplitude. Firstly, a lumped parameter rotational dynamic model of multi degree of freedom EMT system is established, and the inherent torsional vibration characteristics and dynamic coupling mechanism of the system are analyzed. Secondly, based on the synchronous response of the two motors in the open-loop state, a master-slave coupling EMT torsional active control strategy is proposed, and a speed feedback proportional differential control algorithm is designed. Then, the influence of control parameters, including lever coefficient Kab, proportional coefficient Kp and differential coefficient Kd, on the vibration characteristics of the system is analyzed. Finally, the calculation is carried out in the frequency domain and compared with the optimal modal control algorithm. The results show that the lever coefficient Kab and differential coefficient Kd of master-slave control can change the natural frequency of torsional vibration of the system, thus significantly changing the vibration response of the system. Selecting appropriate control parameters can achieve peak clipping of EMT torsional resonance amplitude, which is also of great significance to improve the NVH performance of the system.