bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hip Stability Parameters with Dual Mobility, Modular Dual Mobility and Fixed Bearing in Total Hip Arthroplasty: an Analytical Evaluation
Authors: Tigani Domenico , Banci Lorenzo , Valtorta Riccardo , Amendola Luca 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background. Use of dual mobility in total hip arthroplasty has gained popularity due to the ability to reduce dislocation through increased jumping distance and impingement-free arc of movement. Recently, modular dual mobility systems were introduced to give the possibility to use dual mobility with standard metal-backed shells, however few has been studied to date regarding how jumping distance and the center of rotation changed with modular dual mobility. The objective of this study was to evaluate, through analytical simulation, how jumping distance and center of rotation change between dual mobility and standard cup with modular dual mobility or fixed bearings. Methods. 3D-models of dual mobility and standard press-fit cups with modular dual mobility or fixed bearings liners were used to simulate dual mobility, modular dual mobility and fixed bearings implant configurations, matched for same cup size, according to same cup position, different femoral head diameters. Jumping distance was calculated and center of rotation lateralization was measured for different sizes.Results. Jumping distance with modular dual mobility was reduced by -3.9mm to -8.6mm in comparison with dual mobility, from 48 to 64mm sizes. Jumping distance with modular dual mobility resulted comparable to jumping distance with polyethylene fixed bearings with Ø36mm femoral head but increased by +1.1mm and +1.4mm than jumping distance with ceramic fixed bearings with Ø36 and Ø40mm femoral heads for sizes >54mm. Modular dual mobility lateralized the center of rotation up to +2.5mm and +4.0mm in comparison with dual mobility and fixed bearings, respectively. Conclusions. Jumping distance with modular dual mobility resulted lower than dual mobility and comparable to fixed bearings polyethylene liner with Ø36mm femoral head for larger sizes. Modular dual mobility lateralized the center of rotation in comparison with both dual mobility and fixed bearings cups.Trial Registration. Not applicable.
Co-implementing Vitamin A supplementation with Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Sokoto State, Nigeria: a feasibility and acceptability study
Authors: Oresanya Olusola , Phillips Abimbola , Okereke Ekechi , Ahmadu Abraham , Ibinaiye Taiwo , Marasciulo-Rice Madeleine , Ward Charlotte , Adesoro Olatunde , Mohammed Rilwanu , Nikau Jamilu , Isokpunwu Chris Osa , Inname Mohammad Ali , Counihan Helen , Baker Kevin , Maxwell Kolawole , Smith Helen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBi-annual high dose vitamin A supplements administered to children aged 6-59 months can significantly reduce child mortality, but vitamin A supplementation (VAS) coverage is low in Nigeria. The World Health Organization recommends that VAS be integrated into other public health programmes which are aimed at improving child survival. Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) provides a ready platform for VAS integration to improve health outcomes.MethodsA mixed methods study design was used to assess the feasibility and acceptability of co-implementing VAS with SMC in one local government area of Sokoto state in northern Nigeria. Existing SMC implementation tools and job aids were revised and community drug distributors, experienced in SMC delivery, were trained on the determination of VAS eligibility, administration of the correct doses and identification of adverse drug reactions. SMC and VAS were delivered using a door-to-door approach. VAS and SMC coverage were calculated and the outcome of the integration was assessed using questionnaires administered to 188 and 197 households at baseline and endline respectively. The Bowen framework was used to assess feasibility through focus group discussions and key informant interviews; thematic analysis was carried out on the qualitative data. ResultsAt endline, the proportion of children who received at least one dose of VAS in the last six months increased significantly from 2% to 59% (p<0.001). There were no adverse effects on the coverage of SMC delivery with 70% eligible children reached at baseline, increasing to 76% (p=0.412) at endline. There was no significant change (p=0.264) in the quality of SMC, measured by proportion of children receiving their first dose as directly observed treatment (DOT), at endline (68%) compared to baseline (54%). Study findings demonstrated acceptability among caregivers, community drug distributors, State and National healthcare officials. ConclusionThis study showed that it is feasible and acceptable to integrate VAS with SMC delivery in areas of high seasonal malaria transmission such as northern Nigeria, where SMC campaigns are implemented. SMC-VAS integrated campaign can significantly increase vitamin A coverage but more research is required to demonstrate the feasibility of this integration in different settings and on a larger scale.
Effect of home quarantine due to COVID19 pandemic on psychological status and behaviour of children 1½ to 5 years old. An online study
Authors: K.Mohammed luma , Al-Maneaea Hanadi Hanadi     Tawfeeq Hassoon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundChildren are largely spared from the direct health effects of COVID-19, nevertheless, they are among the biggest victims because of the profound effect on their mental well-being, social development, safety, privacy, and their economic security.ObjectivesStudying the effect of home quarantine on the mental and psychological wellbeing of the under five years' children compared with their own status prior to the quarantine.Subjects and Methods: A comparative retrospective cross sectional survey study was carried out online. A sample of 200 under-five age children was taken and their primary care giver had answered the questions. The study was done in 2020.ResultsA statistically significant difference between the mean score of the children before and after quarantine (t= -6.8, p=.0001),most of the changes were increase screen time, increase stubbornness, clinging to parents, anger and sleeping problems.ConclusionsHome quarantine had a significant effect on the psychological status and behaviour of under-five age children.
Self-Care in the Older Adult Population With Chronic Disease: Concept Analysis
Authors: ALQAHTANI Jawhrah , ALQAHTANI Ibtesam 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background. Chronic disease care is considered a challenging dilemma for health organizations’ sustainability and patient health. Self-care is key to chronic disease management and is substantially important in all aspects of health and levels of care. In the past years, research regarding self-care in the context of chronic disease has evolved, yet this complex concept continues to be ambiguous and has not been clearly conceptualized in the literature. A discussion of an in-depth concept analysis of self-care in the older adult population with chronic disease and an outline of its defining common attributes, referents, antecedents, consequences, and related concepts.Methods. An extensive review of the literature concerning the concept of self-care in the older adult population with chronic disease was conducted using different databases. Literature from nursing and other disciplines was selected to differentiate this concept from other related concepts. Rodgers’s evolutionary methodology of concept analysis was used to investigate the concept of self-care in detail to better understand its meanings in the context of chronic disease. Results. Multiple definitions of self-care exist, and a consensus definition was not shown to have been achieved across disciplines. The common attributes, referents, antecedents, consequences, and related concepts were identified, and a model case was constructed to clarify the concept of self-care in the context of the older adult population living with chronic disease.Conclusion. This concept analysis provides a theoretical definition of self-care of the older adult population living with chronic disease to offer nurses and others insight into the concept, which will ultimately provide a foundation for further research needed in the areas of clinical practice, policy, and education. Identification of the core of the self-care concept affords professionals and researchers the ability to identify appropriate practice priorities, enhance current practices, and develop theories regarding self-care, leading to improvements in patient care and outcomes.
Friction Stir Consolidation of Aluminum AA5052 Alloy Machining Wastes
Authors: Abebe Samuel Kefeyalew , Wolla Desalegn Wogaso 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to develop aluminum AA5052 alloy solid disc from machining wastes via friction stir consolidation (FSC) process & optimize its parameters: die rotational speed, pre-compact aspect ratio and processing time for better performance characteristics. At first, the required dedicated tooling are designed and built for the specific process. Then, the solid discs are fabricated from aluminum AA5052 alloy machining chips through FSC process in which the experimental parameters considered are rotational speed (315, 400 and 500 rpm), pre-compact aspect ratio (25.4/7, 25.4/5 and 25.4/3) and processing time (30, 45 and 60 sec). Based on the experiment, the compressive strength, hardness and microstructure of the consolidated solid disc are evaluated. Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array is used to analyze and optimize the process. The results revealed that solid disc is successfully fabricated using FSC process using dedicated tooling, and rotational speed (500 rpm), compact aspect ratio (25.4/3) and processing time (60 sec) are optimal FSC processing conditions. The microsturcture of the solid disk shows finer and fully recrystallized grains in axial cross section orientation of the disc particularly in the central region. Moreover, the results show, the compressive strength and hardness of the solid disc are comparable to that of forged or cast disc and suitable for most engineering structural applications.
Fatigue Strength Improvement Due to Alloying Steel Weld Toes With WC-Tool Constituent Elements Through Friction Stir Processing
Authors: Yamamoto Hajime , Koga Shodai , Ito Kazuhiro , Mikami Yoshiki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Friction stir processing (FSP) enables surface modifications using a rotational tool and can likely be applied as a new post-weld treatment for improving fatigue strength. When applying FSP to high strength materials, tool wear occurring at the interface between the tool tip and the topmost steel layer has been regarded as an unavoidable issue and is related to the tool rotational speed. The present study investigated the relationship between the tool rotational speed and fatigue strength of arc-welded high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel joints with weld toes subjected to FSP using a spherical-tip WC tool. FSP was conducted on the weld toe of HSLA steel joints with various tool rotational speeds. Tool wear increased with increase in tool rotational speed, and consequently contents of constituent elements of the WC tool increased in the topmost steel layer of weld toes, leading to large increase of fatigue strength. One reason for the increase with tool rotational speed is significant increase of solid solution hardening due to supersaturated W and C in the topmost steel layer consisting of martensite laths. The hardened topmost steel layer prevented fatigue crack initiation, and the increased fatigue strength depended on the contents of supersaturated W and C.
In Vitro Fertilization Pregnancy Outcomes and Effect of Atosiban Among Women With Endometriosis in Presence or Absence of Adenomyosis
Authors: Lin Chih-Wei , Wu Meng-Hsing , Mau Yu-Lin , Su Pei-Fang , Ou Huang-Tz 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe use of atosiban during embryo transfer (ET), an oxytocin receptor antagonist, has been demonstrated to enhance pregnancy rate among infertile patients with endometriosis. However, its efficacy has not been assessed among those with concurrent adenomyosis, which may further affect pregnancy rate.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study assessed in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy, and the effect of atosiban among 34 women with both endometriosis and adenomyosis (with 66 ET cycles), compared to 34 endometriosis patients without adenomyosis (with 54 ETs) and 38 patients with tubal factor (with 56 ETs). Multivariable logistic generalized estimating equation analyses were performed to assess pregnancy outcomes with adjustment for maternal and treatment characteristics.ResultsSignificantly higher chances of biochemical pregnancy and live birth among endometriosis patients without adenomyosis versus those with both endometriosis and adenomyosis were found (odds ratios [95% confidence intervals]: 2.981 [1.307, 6.803]; p=0.009, 2.694 [1.151, 6.304]; p=0.022). A significant positive association between atosiban use and biochemical pregnancy existed among endometriosis cases without adenomyosis (a 2.43-fold [1.01, 5.89] increase in successful pregnancy; p<0.05), but not for the other groups. An insignificant increase in pregnancy rates was found for atosiban-treated extensive adenomyosis cases (i.e., ≥50%) versus non-treated cases (biochemical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and live birth: 42.9% versus 33.3%, 37.5% versus 14.3%, and 25.0% versus 14.3%, respectively).ConclusionsPoor pregnancy outcomes among adenomyosis-affected women were confirmed. The use of atosiban significantly enhanced IVF pregnancy among endometriosis patients without adenomyosis. Atosiban use might benefit those with more extensive adenomyosis.
Utilizing the Crosstalk Among Minocycline, Chicoric Acid, 13-Cis Retinoic Acid(Aerosolized) and Vitamin D as a Potent Quadrate Therapy for treating coinfection with Multidrug-resistant TB and COVID-19 . A double-edged sword Clinical Study
Authors: Elkazzaz Mahmoud Ramadan , Ahmed Amr 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major infectious disease killer globally. It affected 10 million and killed 1.4 million people in 2019 alone. TB is considered a disease caused by a bacterium—Mycobacterium tuberculosis—that usually attacks the lungs, but can attack any part of the body. But TB has a worrisome connection to the novel coronavirus.. Both diseases are airborne and spread when people cough or sneeze. The predicted impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is an additional 190,000 TB deaths in 2020, and it is expected in the next 5 y that there will be up to a 20% increase in the global TB disease burden, stressing the critical need for new safe and effective drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). In addition, controlling multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) presents a huge public health challenge. Recently it was showed that hospitalized patients with Tuberculosis are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection and complication. Furthermore, hospitalized patients with MDR-TB are increasingly vulnerable to COVID-19 complications than patients with non-resistant tuberculosis.. For someone with latent TB, contracting COVID-19 could activate the bacterium, potentially leading to an accelerated and more severe form of the disease WHO estimates that these COVID-19 related disruptions in access to TB care could cause an additional half a million TB deaths. Older age, especially >65 years, may be a risk factor for death from COVID-TB, consistent with previous findings indicating that the mortality rate from COVID-19 increases exponentially with age. Thus, the elderly should be the primary focus of both COVID-19 and COVID-TB mitigation efforts due to its much higher mortality risk in that group. COVID-TB patients had a much higher rate of comorbidities than COVID-19 patients At present, evidence suggests that the main transmission route of both COVID-19 and TB is via respiratory droplets, and their main target are the lungs, which can lead to a worse outcome among COVID-19 and TB coinfection patients (aptly abbreviated COVID-TB). As a result, coinfections with common viral and bacterial (COVID-TB) pathogens among hospitalized patients are a severe concern that will likely worsen patient outcomes and pose a real challenge for treating those patients.ConclusionsNew drug discovery could require several years with no guarantee but repurposing established drugs may be useful to treat confection with COVID-19 and Nonresistant Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: or resistant Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Here we demonstrate that we could utilize the crosstalk among Chicoric Acid, 13-Cis Retinoic Acid, Minocycline and vitamin D as a novel quadrate therapy against Multidrug-resistant TB and COVID-19 coinfection.
Convolutional Neural Networks for automatic image quality control and EARL compliance of PET images
Authors: Pfaehler Elisabeth , Euba Daniela , Rinscheid Andreas , Hoekstra Otto S. , Zijlstra Josee , Sluis Joyce van , Brouwers Adrienne H. , Lapa Constantin , Boellaard Ronald 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Machine learning studies require a large number of images often obtained on different PET scanners. When merging these images, the use of harmonized images following EARL-standards is essential. However, when including retrospective images, EARL accreditation might not have been in place. The aim of this study was to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) that can identify retrospectively if an image is EARL compliant and if it is meeting older or newer EARL-standards.
Materials and Methods

96 PET images acquired on three PET/CT systems were included in the study. All images were reconstructed with the locally clinically preferred, EARL1, and EARL2 compliant reconstruction protocols. After image pre-processing, one CNN was trained to separate clinical and EARL compliant reconstructions. A second CNN was optimized to identify EARL1 and EARL2 compliant images. The accuracy of both CNNs was assessed using 5-fold cross validation. The CNNs were validated on 24 images acquired on a PET scanner not included in the training data. To assess the impact of image noise on the CNN decision, the 24 images were reconstructed with different scan durations.
Results

In the cross-validation, the first CNN classified all images correctly. When identifying EARL1 and EARL2 compliant images, the second CNN identified 100% EARL1 compliant and 85% EARL2 compliant images correctly. The accuracy in the independent dataset was comparable to the cross-validation accuracy. The scan duration had almost no impact on the results.
Conclusion

The two CNNs trained in this study can be used to retrospectively include images in a multi-center setting by e.g. adding additional smoothing. This method is especially important for machine learning studies where the harmonization of images from different PET systems is essential.
Analysis of a novel tool path generation method for corrective machining in ultra-precision diamond turning based on point clouds
Authors: Buhmann Marco , Carelli Erich , Egger Christian , Frick Klaus 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The increasing demand for machining non-rotational optical surfaces requires capable and flexible cutting tool path generation methods for ultra-precision diamond turning. Furthermore, the recent interest in on-machine metrology and corrective machining require efficient as well as accurate algorithms capable to handle point cloud based surface data. In the present work, a new computation method for the tool path generation is proposed that focuses on

three-axes corrective machining. Therefore, it is based on the principle of defining the surface to be machined by a point cloud of certain density, since surface measurement data is usually available as point cloud. Numeric approximation techniques are used to compute the surface normal vectors and calculate the resulting positions of the cutting tool path preserving a uniform radial axis motion for face turning. Investigations are performed in order to quantify the

error between the calculated tool path and the exact analytical solution. The error dependencies are analyzed regarding the local surface slope and numerical parameters. Error values below 1nm are achieved. In addition, form deviation results prove the method’s capability for corrective diamond turn machining.
Umbilically and Peripherally Inserted Thin Central Venous Catheters Have Similar Risks of Complications in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Salonen S , Tammela O , Koivisto AM , Korhonen P 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In order to compare the complications associated with thin (1-2F) umbilical vein catheters (tUVC) and peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, the frequencies and causes of the non-elective removal of first tUVCs and PICCs were evaluated in 195 VLBW infants born in one hospital. Data were collected from patient records. Risk factors for catheter complications were analysed using logistic regression analysis. Altogether, 92 (47%) infants had tUVCs, and 103 (53%) PICCs. In total, 78 (40%) infants underwent the non-elective removal of their first catheters, most commonly due to suspected infection (n=42) or catheter dislocation (n=30). Infants with complications had lower birth weights and gestational ages than those without. The frequencies and causes of the non-elective catheter removal were similar in the tUVC and PICC groups. True catheter infection was diagnosed in 31 infants. The number of infections/1,000 catheter days was higher in the tUVC than in the PICC group. In a multivariable analysis, gestational age was found to be associated with catheter infection, but catheter type was not. Conclusion: The odds of catheter complications seem to decrease with increasing gestational age, but no clear association with thin catheter type was found.
EXPERIENCIA DOCENTE
Authors: Pliego Ballesteros María 
Published: October 2021

La sistematización de la práctica docente, con lo que supone de investigación, trabjo en el aula y experiencias estraescolares, es una forma inequívoca de profesionalizar la docencia. LLevar una bitácora en que se registren los aciertos y los errores con sus causas correspondientes, es aleccionador para el prfofesor mismso y para otros con quienes se intercabien experiencias.
La autora presenta siete casos ejemplificativos que contribuyen a la sistematización de a práctica docente, de modo que ésta enriquezca a la teoría pedagógica.
LA NUEVA TAREA DE LA ESCUELA
Authors: Flores Alanís Irma María , Meza Mejía Mónica 
Published: October 2021

Desde la década de los setenta del siglo pasado se vislumbra que los sistemas educativos se están transformando abrupta e irreversiblemente a nivel mundial.
En este contexto, el cambio educativo planeado es un enfoque que busca responder eficaz y colectivamente a las necesidades y problemas sociales sin olvidar, desde luego, su misión principal: educar personas.
Así las cosas, la nueva tarea de la escuela está llamada al actuar efectivo para mejorar y mantener la calidad educativa, integrando en unaorganización abierta al aprendizaje, a la innovación y a la formación, los factores individuales, organizacionales y del entorno. Al mismo tiempo, para modificar la realidad, los actores involucrados en ese proceso de mejora y cambio, han de desarrollar las competencias pertinentes para incidir eficazmente en el diagnóstico y en la solución de problemas, con una misión compartida del futuro que se desea alcanzar.