bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probability assessment of slope instability in seasonally cold regions under climate change
Authors: Zhu Yulong , Ishikawa Tatsuya , Yamada Tomohito J. , Siva Subramanian Srikrishnan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo semi-quantitatively assess the effects of climate change on the slope failures, this paper proposes an effective approach for evaluating the influences of climate change on slope stability in seasonally cold regions. To discuss climate change, this study firstly analyzes the trend of the two main climate factors (precipitation and air temperature) based on the regression analysis results of the meteorological monitoring data during the past 120 years in different scales (e.g., world, country (Japan), and city (Sapporo)), and the downscaled outputs of three different regional atmospheric models (RAMs) with lateral boundary conditions from three different general circulation models (GCMs). Next, to discuss the effects of different climate factors (air temperature, precipitation, etc.) and to determine the key climate factors on the slope instability, a slope stability assessment approach for evaluating the effects of climate changes on slope instability is proposed through the water content simulation and slope stability analysis with considering freeze-thaw action. Finally, to check the effectiveness of the above assessment approach, assessment of instability of an actual highway embankment slope with the local layer geometry is done by applying the past and predicted future climate data. The results indicate that affected by global warming, the air temperature rise in some cold cities is more serious. The climate changes (especially the increase in precipitation) in the future will increase the infiltration during the Spring season. It will lengthen the time that the highway slope is in an unstable state due to high volumetric water content, causing the occurrence of slope failures will be more concentrated in April. While during the Ssummer-Autumn period, the time domain of its occurrence will become wider.
Subwavelength silicon photonics for on-chip mode-manipulation
Authors: Li Chenlei , Zhang Ming , Xu Hongnan , Tan Ying , Shi Yaocheng , Dai Daoxin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOn-chip mode-manipulation is one of the most important physical fundamentals for many photonic integrated devices and circuits. In the past years, great progresses have been achieved on subwavelength silicon photonics for on-chip mode-manipulation by introducing special subwavelength photonic waveguides. Among them, there are two popular waveguide structures available. One is silicon hybrid plasmonic waveguides (HPWGs) and the other one is silicon subwavelength-structured waveguides (SSWGs). In this paper, we focus on subwavelength silicon photonic devices and the applications with the manipulation of the effective indices, the modal field profiles, the mode dispersion, as well as the birefringence. First, a review is given about subwavelength silicon photonics for the fundamental-mode manipulation, including high-performance polarization-handling devices, efficient mode converters for chip-fiber edge-coupling, and ultra-broadband power splitters. Second, a review is given about subwavelength silicon photonics for the higher-order-mode manipulation, including multimode converters, multimode waveguide bends, and multimode waveguide crossing. Finally, some emerging applications of subwavelength silicon photonics for on-chip mode-manipulation are discussed.
Unusual cause of urinary retention in a child: inflammatory pseudotumor of the urinary bladder
Authors: Agarwal Aakanksha , Sherwani Poonam , Saurya  , Bhunia Niladri Sekhar , Dhoot Dipesh Kumar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Urinary bladder masses are uncommon in the pediatric age group and pose a diagnostic challenge, often necessitating histopathological differentiation and confirmation. An unusual mimic of neoplastic bladder mass is inflammatory pseudotumor, and timely identification and diagnosis of which prevents undue patient stress and radical treatment.

Case presentation
We present a case of a 7-year-old female child who presented with hematuria, and a urinary bladder mass was detected on ultrasound which was further characterized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diagnosed as an inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) on histopathology.

Conclusions
This case report describes the imaging features of IPT along with a list of differential diagnoses emphasizing the need for radiologists to be aware of this surprising and rare entity.
Prevalence of mistreatment among physiotherapy interns in Nigeria: a preliminary study
Authors: Muhammad Daha Garba , Gbonjubola Yusuff Tunde , Abubakar Ibrahim Ahmad , Elisha Adekolurejo Tobi , Ahmad Hassan Yusuf 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundHealthcare professionals with the least experience, such as students and interns, are likely to face some form of mistreatments in the world of health professionals. Mistreatment has a negative impact on the victim’s well-being as it results in psychological distress such as burn out, lack of motivation and reduced performance. This study aims to explore mistreatment among physiotherapy interns in Nigeria with a view to protecting the future of the profession.ResultMost of the participant were male (57.5%) and doing their internship in the northwestern part of the country (42.5%). Forty interns participated in the study, and 2/3 of them had experience of mistreatment. The most common type of mistreatment was yelling or shouting (60%), followed by someone taking credit for what an intern did (55%), humiliation or belittlement (50%), and threat of an extension beyond the 12 months (27.5%). Eighty-seven percent reported that the mistreatment changes their relationship with the perpetrator. Mistreatment led to stress in 70% of the respondent, affected the self-confidence of 62.5%, and led to decreased clinical output in 45% of the participants. Forty percent of the participants acquired depression due to the mistreatment.ConclusionMost physiotherapy interns experience mistreatment during the 1-year mandatory clinical internship. Verbal abuse is the most prevalent form of mistreatment, while the least is physical abuse. This study found that mistreatment has adverse effects on the health and work output of physiotherapy interns.
Nasopharyngeal hirudiniasis: a hidden culprit—a case report
Authors: Agarwal Shreya , Gupta Nimish 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundLeech infestation in the nose or nasopharyngeal region is a rare occurrence. The most common known cause is drinking water from natural water sources like ponds and rivers. Its hidden location of attachment in the nasopharynx and its uncommon occurrence make iteasy to miss during diagnosis.Case presentationWe present a case of a 61-year-old male patient with recurrent unilateral epistaxis without any apparent cause. He was diagnosed with leech infestation in the nasopharynx on endoscopic examination. This article reports the management of nasopharyngeal leech infestation and safety measures for this animate foreign body retrieval.ConclusionA vigilant approach, thorough history, and examination are a must. Though leeches are simple to remove most of the time, certain necessary precaution should be kept in mind for better management and prevention of further complications.
Bempegaldesleukin Plus Nivolumab in First-Line Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Diab Adi , Tykodi Scott S. , Daniels Gregory A. , Maio Michele , Curti Brendan D. , Lewis Karl D. , Jang Sekwon , Kalinka Ewa , Puzanov Igor , Spira Alexander I. , Cho Daniel C. , Guan Shanhong , Puente Erika , Nguyen Tuan , Hoch Ute , Currie Sue L. , Lin Wei , Tagliaferri Mary A. , Zalevsky Jonathan , Sznol Mario , Hurwitz Michael E. 
Published: July 2021

PURPOSE Therapies that produce deep and durable responses in patients with metastatic melanoma are needed. This phase II cohort from the international, single-arm PIVOT-02 study evaluated the CD122-preferential interleukin-2 pathway agonist bempegaldesleukin (BEMPEG) plus nivolumab (NIVO) in first-line metastatic melanoma. METHODS A total of 41 previously untreated patients with stage III/IV melanoma received BEMPEG 0.006 mg/kg plus NIVO 360 mg once every 3 weeks for ≤ 2 years; 38 were efficacy-evaluable (≥ 1 postbaseline scan). Primary end points were safety and objective response rate (blinded independent central review); other end points included progression-free survival, overall survival (OS), and exploratory biomarkers. RESULTS At 29.0 months' median follow-up, the objective response rate was 52.6% (20 of 38 patients), and the complete response rate was 34.2% (13 of 38 patients). Median change in size of target lesions from baseline was −78.5% (response-evaluable population); 47.4% (18 of 38 patients) experienced complete clearance of target lesions. Median progression-free survival was 30.9 months (95% CI, 5.3 to not estimable). Median OS was not reached; the 24-month OS rate was 77.0% (95% CI, 60.4 to 87.3). Grade 3 and 4 treatment-related and immune-mediated adverse events occurred in 17.1% (7 of 41) and 4.9% (2 of 41) of patients, respectively. Increased polyfunctional responses in CD8+ and CD4+ T cells were seen in blood after treatment, driven by cytokines with effector functions. Early on-treatment blood biomarkers (CD8+ polyfunctional strength difference and eosinophils) correlated with treatment response. CONCLUSION BEMPEG in combination with NIVO was tolerated, with relatively low rates of grade 3 and 4 treatment-related and immune-mediated adverse events. The combination had encouraging antitumor activity in first-line metastatic melanoma, including an extended median progression-free survival. Exploratory analyses associated noninvasive, on-treatment biomarkers with response, before radiologic evidence was observed.
Gold-black manufacture, microstructure, and optical characterization
Authors: Munir Nazia B. , Mahan J. R. , Doan Luan C. , Vinh N. Q. , Priestley Kory J. 
Published: July 2021

A previous contribution formulates a first-principle dipole antenna theory for predicting the polarization-sensitive directional spectral absorptance of gold-black in the near infrared. The current contribution chronicles a successful effort to validate that theory. After a brief review of gold-black history, we describe in some detail the design and construction of a vapor-deposition cell for laying down gold-black coatings on a mirrorlike gold substrate. The microstructure of 4- and 8-µm-thick coatings is revealed using scanning electron microscopy. An automated bench-level reflectometer has been used to measure the in-plane bidirectional reflectivity of the gold-black coatings in the visible (532 nm) and near-infrared (800 nm) for

p

and

s

polarization. Measurements are reported over incident zenith angles ranging between 10 and 50 deg. Results obtained using the apparatus are consistent with the dipole antenna theory in this range of incident zenith angles.
Terahertz transmissive half-wave metasurface with enhanced bandwidth
Authors: You Xiaolong , Ako Rajour T. , Lee Wendy S. L. , Bhaskaran Madhu , Sriram Sharath , Fumeaux Christophe , Withayachumnankul Withawat 
Published: July 2021

Polarization conversion is useful for studies of chiral structures in biology and chemistry, and for polarization diversity in communications. It is conventionally realized with wave plates, which, however, present challenges due to limited material availability, as well as narrow bandwidth and low efficiency at terahertz frequencies. To enhance bandwidth and efficiency, the concept of the Huygens' metasurface is adopted here for a transmissive half-wave plate. The half-wave metasurface is designed following the optimal frequency-independent circuit parameters provided by a broadband semi-analytical approach. Simulation results of an optimal design suggest that a 15-dB extinction ratio can be sustained from 219 GHz to 334 GHz, corresponding to a fractional bandwidth of 41.6%. The measured results indicate that the fabricated structure enables a 15-dB extinction ratio from 220 GHz to 303 GHz, with a cross-polarization transmission efficiency above 76.7% for both linear and circular polarizations. This half-wave metasurface design can be readily integrated into compact terahertz systems for diverse applications.
Compact high-contrast silicon optical filter using all-passive and CROW Fano nanobeam resonators
Authors: Cheng Ziwei , Zhang Jiahui , Dong Jianji , Ding Yunhong 
Published: July 2021

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a high-order coupled-resonator optical waveguide (CROW) nanobeam filter with semi-symmetrical Fano resonance enhancement. Thanks to the tight arrangement of multiple nanobeams and assistance of the partial transmission element, the designed filter has a high-contrast transmission and low insertion loss. Finally, the fabricated filter has a compact size of

20

µ

m

×

10

µ

m

, a high extinction ratio as much as 70 dB, and an insertion loss as low as 1 dB. This filter shows a passive structure without thermal control configuration for calibration on each resonator. This compact filter can be a basic building block for various applications requiring high extinction ratio filtering, such as single-photon source filtering of integrated photon chips.
Feasibility of motor imagery and effects of activating and relaxing practice on autonomic functions in healthy young adults: A randomised, controlled, assessor-blinded, pilot trial
Authors: Kahraman Turhan , Kaya Derya Ozer , Isik Tayfun , Gultekin Sukriye Cansu , Seebacher Barbara 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionMotor imagery (MI) is the mental rehearsal of a motor task. Between real and imagined movements, a functional equivalence has been described regarding timing and brain activation. The primary study aim was to investigate the feasibility of MI training focusing on the autonomic function in healthy young people. Further aims were to evaluate participants’ MI abilities and compare preliminary effects of activating and relaxing MI on autonomic function and against controls.MethodsA single-blinded randomised controlled pilot trial was performed. Participants were randomised to the activating MI (1), relaxing MI (2), or control (3) group. Following a MI familiarisation, they practiced home-based kinaesthetic MI for 17 minutes, 5 times/week for 2 weeks. Participants were called once for support. The primary outcome was the feasibility of a full-scale randomised controlled trial using predefined criteria. Secondary outcomes were participants’ MI ability using the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised, mental chronometry tests, hand laterality judgement and semi-structured interviews, autonomic function.ResultsA total of 35 participants completed the study. The feasibility of a larger study was confirmed, despite 35% attrition related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Excellent MI capabilities were seen in participants, and significant correlations between MI ability measures. Interview results showed that participants accepted or liked both interventions. Seven major themes and insider recommendations for MI interventions emerged. No significant differences and negligible to medium effects were observed in MI ability or autonomic function between baseline and post-intervention measures or between groups.ConclusionsResults showed that neither activating nor relaxing MI seems to change autonomic function in healthy individuals. Further adequately powered studies are required to answer open questions remaining from this study. Future studies should investigate effects of different MI types over a longer period, to rule out habituation and assess autonomic function at several time points and simultaneously with MI.
Los archivos del cardenal. El fondo documental sevillano de D. Juan Pardo Tavera
Authors: Sánchez González Antonio 
Published: July 2021

La figura del cardenal Juan Pardo Tavera (1472-1545), «mano derecha» del emperador Carlos V, generó numerosa documentación hoy conservada en los grandes Archivos españoles. Pero, por sí mismo, el cardenal originó tres Archivos patrimoniales: el de sus bienes iniciales en el reino de Sevilla, que nos ocupa, el familiar de los marqueses de Malagón y el del Hospital de San Juan Bautista que fundó en Toledo.
En el reino de Sevilla, Juan Tavera adquirió un patrimonio importante durante la primera etapa de su carrera eclesiástica, integrado principalmente por bienes rústicos, cuyo fondo documental damos aquí a conocer en cuanto a su contenido, así como su sistema de organización y descripción archivístico. Esta documentación recaló más tarde en el Archivo Ducal de Medinaceli, donde hoy conforma la sección «Partido de Sevilla».
Die Unvereinbarkeit zwischen Zukunftsprognose und Moraltheologie
Authors: Quatrale Marta 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die aristotelisch-ptolemäische Prägung der astrologischen Überlegungen Melanchthons stieß auf verschiedene Schwierigkeiten. Die Bewertung der Astrologie als prognostische Komponente der Astronomie war nämlich mit seinem theologischen Ansatz kaum vereinbar. Die Betrachtung der theologischen Argumente in Melanchthons naturwissenschaftlichen Schriften deutet jedoch auf eine bewusste thematische Verschiebung hin, die eine Folge seiner eigentümlichen Kombination aus Astrologie, theologischer Anthropologie und theologischer Ethik war.
From Astrology to Astronomy
Authors: Dooley Brendan 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Untersuchungen über die Natur und den Aufbau des Himmels waren im Westen jahrhundertelang vor allem von der Neugier getrieben, welcher mögliche Nutzen aus diesen Untersuchungen für das Verständnis der grundlegenden Kräfte gezogen werden könnte, durch die die »Launen des Schicksals« beeinflusst werden. Von Ptolemaios über Kepler und darüber hinaus bemühten sich führende Mathematiker und Naturphilosophen ernsthaft, Muster stellarer Wirkungen auf das menschliche Handeln aufzuspüren, auch dann noch, als sich die allgemeine Sicht auf die Welt schrittweise von der vorherrschenden Perspektive des Geozentrismus hin zum Heliozentrismus und von der Annahme eines begrenzten hin zur Annahme eines unendlichen Universums verschob. Erst im Laufe des 17. Jahrhunderts begann sich das Gewicht von der Astrologie als Grundorientierung zur mathematischen Astronomie als akzeptierter Methodik beim Studium der Sterne zu verlagern. Die Astrologie wurde dadurch endgültig an den Rand des Geisteslebens gedrängt, um niemals von dort zurückzukehren. Dieser Beitrag zeichnet die Hauptstationen dieses Wandels nach.
Wetten, Wissen, Werten
Authors: Glaßmeier Karl-Heinz 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Physik gilt vielen als die exakte Wissenschaft schlechthin. Modellhafte Beschreibungen der unbelebten Natur mit prognostischen Gleichungen ermöglichen der Physik, mit Wissen Wetten überflüssig zu machen. Unsicherheiten in den Anfangsbedingungen, nichtlineare Effekte, Komplexität der zu prognostizierenden Systeme und die gewählte Approximation erfordern aber sachkundiges Hinschauen im Raum der Möglichkeiten bevor Wertungen und Entscheidungen getroffen werden.
Vom Umgang mit Prognoseunsicherheiten in sterbenahen Situationen in der Medizin
Authors: Oorschot Birgitt van 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
In der naturwissenschaftlich orientierten modernen Medizin sind Prognosen ein relevantes Thema. Der Umgang mit Prognoseunsicherheiten wird anhand von sechs Themenfeldern fokussiert auf sterbenahe Situationen aufgezeigt. Konzepte zur medizinischen Entscheidungsfindung werden analysiert sowie um palliativmedizinische Aspekte und Desiderate ergänzt.
Procalcitonin measured by three different assays is an excellent tumor marker for the follow-up of patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Kratzsch Jürgen , Willenberg Anja , Frank-Raue Karin , Kempin Uwe , Rocktäschel Jörg , Raue Friedhelm 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Procalcitonin (PCT) has been suggested as a tumor marker in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Clinical application data in long term follow-up are missing.

Methods
210 serum samples of 169 consecutive patients with MTC (92 sporadic, 77 hereditary, 158 postoperative follow-up, 11 preoperative) were collected between 2018 and 2020. Postoperative patients were stratified into three groups according to their disease status at the end of follow-up: cured (n=51, calcitonin (CT) levels < limit of quantitation), minimal residual disease (n=55, detectable CT and no metastases provable by imaging methods), metastatic disease (n=52). In five patients CT and PCT were measured while on therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). CT was analyzed by the Roche ECLIA, PCT by three assays from Roche, PES, Abbott.

Results
The mean ± SD values seen with the three PCT assays in the MTC response groups, cured: <0.06, 0.016 ± 0.007, 0.014 ± 0.007 ng/mL, minimal residual disease: 0.511 ± 0.800, 0.389 ± 0.687, 0.341 ± 0.614 ng/mL, metastatic disease 109 ± 202, 60.4 ± 110, 63.3 ± 115 ng/mL correlate well with the CT results in these groups: cured <1.0 pg/mL, minimal residual disease 91.3 ± 121.5 pg/mL, metastatic disease 14,489 ± 30,772 pg/mL. There was a significant correlation (p<0.001) between the three PCT assays (Roche/PES r=0.970, Roche/Abbott r=0.976, Abbott/PES r=0.995). In the course of treatment with TKI both CT and PCT reflected clinical state. Preoperative PCT in hereditary MTC has the same diagnostic validity than CT.

Conclusions
PCT measured with three different immunoassays is as good as the standard tumor marker CT in the follow-up of MTC but has a superior analytical stability.
Osteopathic considerations for breastfeeding women
Authors: Conaway Eileen M. , O’Donnell Arlene E. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Extensive benefits of breastfeeding have been identified and although many women initiate breastfeeding, discontinuation is common when problems arise. In this article, the authors review the pertinent anatomy of the breast with osteopathic considerations to help osteopathic physicians identify myofascial, vascular, lymphatic, or innervation somatic dysfunctions to support the breastfeeding mothers’ long term breastfeeding goals, optimize breastmilk supply, and potentially prevent or treat problems that could interfere with lactation. Observations from the authors’ academic mother-baby osteopathic manipulation clinic are also included.
¿Cómo han vivido los adultos mayores la pandemia del Covid-19?
Authors: Tahull Fort Joan 
Published: July 2021

El Gobierno español declaró el estado de alarma el 14 de marzo de 2020 en todo el territorio ante el avance descontrolado del coronavirus Covid-19. Se obligó a la población española a un confinamiento estricto y progresivamente se fueron suavizando las restricciones y se entró en la nueva normalidad. Durante meses hubo importantes limitaciones para evitar las interacciones sociales presenciales y los contagios. Seguramente el colectivo social que más ha sufrido la pandemia y las restricciones impuestas fueron los adultos mayores.
En la investigación se presentan datos cuantitativos oficiales y entrevistas a personas conocedoras de la temática. El confinamiento y las restricciones posteriores tuvieron un impacto desigual; muchos adultos mayores han padecido sus consecuencias en soledad y el anonimato. Todavía faltan estudios para conocer en profundidad sus vivencias, opiniones, reflexiones y posibles malestares vividos y sentidos durante la pandemia.