bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drought and the Changing Pattern in Sheep Breeds in Sokoto-Rima River Basin, Nigeria
Authors: Adejuwon Joseph Omoniyi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Drought is a global environmental hazard that impacts livestock production adversely. It is a major problem in the Sokoto-Rima River Basin (Semi-arid agro-ecological zone), Nigeria. However, existing literature suffers a knowledge gap on the effect of drought on the changing pattern in sheep breeds. The cluster sampling technique was used to administer the questionnaire to 450 farmers who were sampled from 15 agricultural settlements in fifteen local governments in the basin. Data were analysed using qualitative methods and the Standardised Precipitation Index. Farmers and quantitative reasoning confirmed the frequency, severity, and extremity of drought on sheep. The drought accounted for 56.67% of all rainfall anomalies. Four breeds of sheep were discovered, while responses showed that more than half of the farmers in the basin reared sheep, and single breed accounted for over three-quarters of breeds. Balami was the most reared sheep breed and 4.44%, 7.26%, and 32.26% more than Yankasa, Uda, and Hausawa, respectively. This breed with Uda was more reared than other combined sheep breed. Most farmers changed breed due to drought effect, with half of them formerly rearing Yankasa. Farmers were affected in the range of one to five drought impacts. The size reduction was the greatest consequence of drought on sheep while death of sheep, reduction in offspring and milk yield, and infertility in rams were also important. Understanding drought characteristics, its’ effect on changing of sheep breed, and the nature of drought impact on sheep will aid drought planning. This paper makes recommendations for mitigation and management strategies in Sokoto-Rima River Basin.
Prospects of Genetics and Breeding for Low Phosphate Tolerance: an Integrated Approach from Soil to Cell
Authors: Ojeda-Rivera Jonathan Odilón , Alejo-Jacuinde Gerardo , Nájera-González Héctor-Rogelio , López-Arredondo Damar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Due to the importance of Phosphorus (P) on plant development and reproduction, global P security has emerged as a key factor towards global food security. Together with multiple agrochemicals, P-based fertilizers have become the pillars that sustain our food production systems. Therefore, improving the genetics and biology of key crops such as maize, rice, wheat and soybean to develop varieties better adapted to thrive under environments that present low phosphate (Pi) availability and that possess higher Pi-fertilizer use efficiency is imperative. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of Pi nutrition in plants, with particular focus on crops, and provide new perspectives on how to harness the ample repertoire of genetic mechanisms behind plant low-Pi adaptive responses that can be utilized to design smart low-Pi tolerant plants. We discuss on the potential of implementing more integrative, versatile and effective strategies by incorporating genome editing and synthetic biology approaches to reduce Pi-fertilizer input and enable global food security in a more sustainable way.
Association Between Neurological Outcomes and Extreme Hyperoxia in Patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Who Underwent Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Retrospective Observational Study from a Multicenter Registry
Authors: Kashiura Masahiro , Yasuda Hideto , Kishihara Yuki , Tominaga Keiichiro , Nishihara Masaaki , Hiasa Ken-ichi , Tsutsui Hiroyuki , Moriya Takashi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: To investigate the impact of hyperoxia that developed immediately after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) on patients’ 30-day neurological outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed data from the Japanese OHCA registry from June 2014 to December 2017. We analyzed adult patients (18 years or older) who had undergone ECPR. Eligible patients were divided into the following three groups based on their initial partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) levels after ECMO pump-on: normoxia group, PaO2 ≤ 200 mm Hg; moderate hyperoxia group, 200 mm Hg < PaO2 ≤ 400 mm Hg; and extreme hyperoxia group, PaO2 > 400 mm Hg. The primary and secondary outcomes were 30-day favorable neurological outcomes. Logistic regression statistical analysis model of 30-day favorable neurological outcomes was performed after adjusting for multiple propensity scores calculated using pre-ECPR covariates and for confounding factors post-ECPR.Results: Of the 34 754 patients with OHCA enrolled in the registry, 847 were included. The median PaO2 level was 300 mm Hg (interquartile range: 148–427 mm Hg). Among the eligible patients, 277, 313, and 257 were categorized as normoxic, moderately hyperoxic, and extremely hyperoxic, respectively. Moderate hyperoxia was not significantly associated with neurologically favorable outcomes compared with normoxia as a reference (adjusted odds ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval: 0.55–1.35; p = 0.51). However, extreme hyperoxia was associated with less neurologically favorable outcomes when compared with normoxia (adjusted odds ratio, 0.48; 95% confidence interval: 0.29–0.82; p = 0.007).Conclusions: For patients with OHCA who received ECPR, extreme hyperoxia (PaO2 > 400 mm Hg) was associated with poor neurological outcomes. Avoidance of extreme hyperoxia may improve neurological outcomes in patients with OHCA treated with ECPR.
Oxford Phase 3 Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty in Thailand: Distribution of Prosthetic Size and Height Based on Gender Distribution of Femoral Component Size
Authors: Ruangsomboon Pakpoom , Paugchawee Jirayu , Narkbunnam Rapeepat , Chareancholvanich Keerati , Pornrattanamaneewong Chaturong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Survivorship of Oxford phase 3 unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (OUKA) is strongly influenced by the size of the femoral component (Fc) and the tibial component (Tc) that are selected. The distribution of prosthetic size, and guidelines to determine the ideal Fc size have been mainly studied in Western population. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of OUKA prosthetic size, and to investigate the factors that significantly influence the selection of Fc size in Thai patients.Methods: This retrospective study included 773 OUKA that were performed using Oxford Microplasty® Instrumentation during 2003-2019. Patient age, gender, side, body weight (BW), height, body mass index (BMI), size of femoral and tibial components, and the matching between components were recorded. The distribution of implant size and their matching was analyzed. Patient characteristics were compared among the Fc sizes. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (AuROC) curve was calculated to measure the performance of significant continuous variables for determining Fc size.Results: The distribution of Fc size was extra-small (XS) 6.5%, small (S) 65.7%, medium (M) 20.6%, large (L) 7.2%, and extra-large (XL) 0%. The distribution of Tc size included AA 20.2%, A 31.6%, B 24.3%, C 16.3%, D 6.0%, E 1.7%, and F 0%. The most common Fc and Tc sizes in females was S and A, respectively, and in males M and C, respectively. The most common matching pattern used in females and males was S-A (32.3%) and M-C (27.6%), respectively. Concerning factors that influence Fc prediction, we found significant differences in gender, BW, height, and BMI among the Fc sizes. After calculating the AuROC for BW, height, and BMI, we found height to have the highest AuROC with statistical significance. Height based on gender distribution was also analyzed.Conclusion: In Thai patients, the predominant size of Fc was S for females, and M for males. The predominant size of Tc was A for females, and C for males. The most common matching pattern was S-A for females, and M-C for males. Gender and height were identified as the factors that most strongly influence the prediction of Fc size.
Identification of SnoRNAs Predicting Prognosis for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Zhu Wenjing , Zhang Tao , Luan Shaohong , Kong Qingnuan , Hu Wenmin , Zou Xin , Zheng Feibo , Han Wei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence has been confirmed that small nucleolar RNAs (SnoRNAs) play critical roles in tumorigenesis and exhibit prognostic value in clinical practice. However, there is short of systematic research on SnoRNAs in ovarian cancer (OV).Material/methods: 379 OV patients with RNA-Seq and clinical parameters from TCGA database and 5 paired clinical OV tissues were embedded in our study. Cox regression analysis was used to identify prognostic SnoRNAs and construct prediction model. SNORic database was adopted to examine the copy number variation of snoRNAs. ROC curves and KM plot curves were applied to validate the prediction model. Besides, the model was validated in 5 paired clinical tissues by real-time PCR, H&E staining and immunohistochemistry. Results: A prognostic model was constructed on the basis of SnoRNAs in OV patients.Patients with higher RiskScore had poor clinicopathological parameters, including higher age, larger tumorsize, advanced stage and with tumor status. KM plot analysis confirmed that patients with high RiskScore had poorer prognosis in subgroup of age, tumor size and stage. 7 of 9 snoRNAs in the prognostic model had positive correlation with their host genes. Moreover, 5 of 9 snoRNAs in the prognostic model correlated with their CNVs, and SNORD105B had the strongest correction with its CNVs. ROC curve showed that the RiskScore had excellent specificity and accuracy. Further, H&E staining and immunohistochemistry of Ki67, P53 and P16 were confirmed that patients with higher RiskScore are more malignant. Conclusions: In summary, we identified a nine-snoRNAs signature as an independent indicator to predict prognosis of OV, providing a prospective prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer.
Planning and Budgeting of Medical Devices among Ethiopian Public Hospitals
Authors: Gamessa Tadesse Waktola , Obse Regassa Bayisa , Ibrahim Mahdi Abdella , Simegn Gizeaddis Lamesgin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPlanning and budgeting of medical devices allow a healthcare institution to properly utilize funds, acquire quality and efficient medical devices, and improve service delivery. Planning and budgeting help to control technology development direction and obtain the right balance within the budget between various needs. Developing countries including Ethiopia have very limited resources for procurement and management of medical devices. Lack of proper policy in the procurement and management of medical devices causes inappropriate utilization of funds and impedes the quality of a product. In this study, a survey was conducted in all regional public hospitals of Ethiopia to assess the current status of the medical devices management system, identify the gaps, and provide suggestions for areas of improvement. MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional design and qualitative approaches were used for the assessment. The qualitative assessment components were structured based on the life cycle of medical devices as recommended by World Health Organization. The quantitative data assessment was used to explore the availability of medical devices policies, guidelines, strategies, development plans, annual plans, and budgets in public hospitals. The involvements of Biomedical Engineers/Technicians in medical devices planning and technical specifications were also explored using the quantitative data collection method. ResultsAccording to this assessment, the availability of medical equipment development plans, budgeting, and spare parts were found to be below 50% in public hospitals. Moreover, this assessment showed that there is no proper medical devices procurement plan and technical specification preparations trend in Ethiopian public hospitals. ConclusionsDeveloping policies, directives, and strategies for proper use of funds in the procurement of medical devices at the national level, involving Biomedical Engineering professionals in the planning, procurement, management, and utilization of medical devices could help to improve the quality, fair distribution, and efficiency of medical devices and ultimately to improve the service delivery in health care facilities.
Efficient Energy Balancing Across Multiple Harmonics of Nonlinear Normal Modes
Authors: Hong Dongxiao , Hill Thomas L. , Neild Simon A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Predicting the forced responses of nonlinear systems is a topic that attracts extensive studies.
The energy balancing method considers the net energy transfer in and out of the system over one period, and establishes connections between forced responses and nonlinear normal modes (NNMs).
In this paper, we consider the energy balancing across multiple harmonics of NNMs for predicting forced resonances.
This technique is constructed by combining the energy balancing mechanism with restrictions (established via excitation scenarios) on external forcing and harmonic phase-shifts;
a semi-analytical framework is derived to achieve both accurate/robust results and efficient computations.
With known inputs from NNM solutions, the required forcing amplitudes to reach NNMs at resonances, along with their discrepancy, i.e. the harmonic phase-shifts, are computed via a one-step scheme.
Several examples are presented for different excitation scenarios to demonstrate the applicability of this method, and to show its capability in accurately predicting the existence of an isola where multiple harmonics play a significant part in the response.
Insight into the structure of black coatings of ancient Egyptian mummies by advanced Electron magnetic resonance of vanadyl complexes
Authors: Dutoit Charles E. , Binet Laurent , Vezin Hervé , Anduze Océane , Lattuati-Derieux Agnès , Gourier Didier 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Advanced EPR techniques such as ENDOR and pulsed EPR are used to investigate the enigmatic black coatings of ancient Egyptian mummies, consisting in a complex and heterogeneous mixtures of conifer resins, wax, fat and oil with variable amounts of bitumen. Natural bitumen always contains traces of vanadyl porphyrin complexes that we used here as internal probes to explore the nanoscale environment of V4+ ions in these black coatings by hyperfine spectroscopy. Four types of vanadyl porphyrins were identified from the analysis of 14N hyperfine interactions. Three types (referred to as VO-P1, VO-P2 and VO-P3) are present in natural bitumen from the Dead Sea, among which VO-P1 and VO-P2 are also present in black coatings of mummies. The absence of VO-P3 in mummies, which is replaced by another complex VO-P4, may be due to its transformation during preparation of the black matter for embalming. Analysis of 1H hyperfine interaction shows that bitumen and other natural substances are intimately mixed in these black coatings, with bitumen aggregate sizes not larger than a few nanometres.
Theoretical And Experimental Investigations of Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Boring For Titanium Alloy
Authors: Lu Danni , Shi Yaoyao , Zhao Pan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
For effective replying the hard machinability challenges of hole caused by difficult-to-cut materials and high processing standards in aviation field, ultrasonic vibration assisted boring (UB) methods with different modes are proposed. In this paper, the kinematics characteristics of UB were analyzed, the motion trajectory of tool was discussed. The comparison experiment of conventional boring and UB with longitudinal vibration and longitudinal-torsional vibration were performed to study the effect of ultrasonic field on the boring process, the influence of main parameters on boring force and surface roughness were investigated. The results show that UB can reduce boring force and surface roughness effectively, especially with the help of longitudinal-torsional vibration, compared with the conventional boring, the boring force could be reduced by 38.04%~43.77% and the surface roughness could be reduced by 25.48%~41.47%. This study proves the feasibility of UB and provides theoretical and experimental reference for improving the surface quality of difficult-to machine holes.
Genetic Diversity of Plasmodium vivax Reticulocyte Binding Protein 2b in Global Parasite Populations
Authors: zhang xuexing , Wei Haichao , Zhang Yangminghui , Zhao Yan , Wang Lin , Hu Yubing , Nguitragool Wang , Sattabongkot Jetsumon , Adams John , Cui Liwang , Cao Yaming , Wang Qinghui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPlasmodium vivax reticulocyte binding protein 2b (PvRBP2b) plays a critical role in parasite invasion of reticulocytes by binding the transferring receptor 1. PvRBP2b is a vaccine candidate since the antibody titers against PvRBP2b recombinant proteins are negatively correlated with the parasitemia and risk of vivax malaria. This study aims to analyze the genetic diversity of the PvRBP2b gene in the global P. vivax populations. MethodsThe near full-length PvRBP2b nucleotide sequences (190-8349 bp) were obtained from 88 P. vivax isolates collected from the China–Myanmar border (n=44) and Thailand (n=44). Additional 224 sequences of PvRBP2b were retrieved from genome sequences from the global parasite populations. The genetic diversity, neutral selections, haplotypes distribution and genetic differentiation of PvRBP2b were examined. ResultsThe genetic diversity of PvRBP2b was distributed unevenly with the peak in the reticulocyte binding region in the N-terminus and subjected to the balancing selection. Several amino acid variants were found in all or nearly all endemic fields. However, the critical residues responsible for reticulocyte binding were highly conserved. There was substantial population differentiation according to the geographical separation. The distribution of haplotypes in the reticulocyte binding region varied among regions; even the two major haplotypes Hap_6 and Hap_8 were found in only five populations. Conclusions﻿Our data showed considerable genetic variations of PvRBPb in global parasite populations, and the geographic divergence may pose a challenge to PvRBP2b-based vaccine development.
The Selection of Hydraulic Cylinder using multi-attribute decision-making methods
Authors: Khatke Satywan , Fulzele Satyam , Kadam Shubham , Kamble Avinash 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A hydraulic cylinder has an important role in the manufacturing industry for producing unidirectional force through the unidirectional direction. Generally, hydraulic cylinders are used where high-pressure applications are required. It is also called a linear hydraulic motor or mechanical actuator. It is manufactured with closer precisions; thus, it involves higher costs and also, it is desired that hydraulic cylinder work as mentioned design. The main purpose of a hydraulic cylinder is to apply force unidirectional with high pressure. The selection of appropriate Hydraulic Cylinders is a critical task for designers. Designers need to find out precise and required properties of it to fulfil industry demand with desired specifications. Different cylinders possess different properties, so by using an optimization tool we can solve such problems. A systematic approach must be used for the selection of hydraulic cylinders. Thus, in current case study work concentrate on the selection methodology for the best Hydraulic cylinder using four different multi-attribute decision-making methods. The decision-making methods help to predict and rank different hydraulic cylinders.
Metagenomic Assembly Reveals the Fate of the Core Antibiotic Resistome, its Hosts and Mobility in Animal Manure and After Compost
Authors: Qiu Tianlei , Huo Linhe , Guo Yajie , Gao Min , Wang Guoliang , Hu Dong , Li Cheng , Wang Zhanwu , Liu Guiming , Wang Xuming 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) used in intensive animal husbandry threaten human health worldwide; however, the core resistome, mobility of ARGs, and the composition of ARG hosts in animal manure and the following composts remain unclear. In the present study, metagenomic assembly was used to comprehensively decipher the core resistome and its potential mobility and hosts in animal manure and compost.
Results

In total, 201 ARGs were shared among different animal (layer, broiler, swine, beef cow, and dairy cow) manures and accounted for 86–99% of total relative abundance of ARGs, which mainly comprised multidrug, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (M-L-S), tetracycline, beta-lactam, aminoglycoside, and sulfonamide resistance genes. Moreover, efficient composting reduced the total relative abundance of ARGs in manure from 0.938 to 0.405 copies per 16S rRNA gene; however, it did not have any remarkable effect on the multidrug, sulfonamide, and trimethoprim resistance genes. Procrustes analysis indicated that composting can reduce antibiotic residues and decrease the correlation between antibiotics and resistance genes. Furthermore, the ARG hosts included Proteobacteria (50.08%), Firmicutes (37.77%), Bacteroidetes (6.49%), and Actinobacteria (5.24%). In manure, aminoglycoside resistance genes were majorly found in Enterococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterobacter; tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) were found in Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus; and multidrug resistance genes were mainly found in Escherichia coli. In our samples, ARGs were more prevalent in plasmids than in chromosomes. The broad host range and diverse mobile genetic elements may be two key factors for ARGs, such as sul1 and aadA, which could survive during composting. The multidrug resistance genes represented the dominant ARGs in pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria (PARB) in manure, and composting could effectively control PARB.
Conclusions

Our experiments revealed the core resistome in animal manure, classified and relative quantified the ARG hosts, and assessed the mobility of ARGs. Composting can mitigate ARGs in animal manure by altering the bacterial hosts; however, some ARGs can escape from the removal with the survivor heat-tolerant hosts or transfer to these hosts. These findings will help optimize composting strategies for the effective treatment of ARGs and their hosts in farms.
Reproducible Neuroimaging Features for Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder with Machine Learning
Authors: Mellema Cooper J. , Nguyen Kevin P. , Treacher Alex , Montillo Albert 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the fourth most common neurodevelopmental disorder, with a prevalence of 1 in 160 children. Accurate diagnosis relies on experts, but such individuals are scarce. This has led to increasing interest in the development of machine learning (ML) models that can integrate neuroimaging features from functional and structural MRI (fMRI and sMRI) to measure alterations manifest in ASD. We optimized and compared the performance of 12 of the most popular and powerful ML models. Each was separately trained using 15 different combinations of fMRI and sMRI features and optimized with an unbiased model search. Deep learning models predicted ASD with the highest diagnostic accuracy and generalized well to other MRI datasets. Our model achieves state-of-the-art 80% area under the ROC curve (AUROC) in diagnosis on test data from the IMPAC dataset; and 86% and 79% AUROC on the external ABIDE I and ABIDE II datasets. The highest performing models identified reproducible putative biomarkers for accurate ASD diagnosis in accord with known ASD markers as well as novel cerebellar biomarkers. Such reproducibility lends credence to their tremendous potential for defining and using a set of truly generalizable ASD biomarkers that will advance scientific understanding of neuronal changes in ASD.