bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of risk factors for abnormal renal function in patients with gout in Southwest China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Ting , Zeng Ziqian , Xu Dan , Dang Wantai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
To analyse the associations between renal function and clinical laboratory indicators and explore the renal function abnormality risk factors for gout patients in Southwest China.

Methods
Outpatient and hospitalized gout patients (n = 4384) at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College between January 2017 and December 2020 were divided into normal (n = 2393) and abnormal (n = 1991) renal function groups according to their eGFR. The relationships between clinical laboratory indicators and the eGFR were analysed, and a logistic regression model was fit to identify significant risk factors.

Results
Sex, age, absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), cystatin C (CysC), homocysteine (Hcy) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were associated with renal function abnormalities (P &lt; 0.05), whereas age [odds ratio (95% CI) = 1.06 (1.05–1.08), P &lt; 0.001], Hcy [1.02 (1.00–1.04), P = 0.028], CysC [1.72 (1.54–1.92), P &lt; 0.001], ALC [0.71 (0.52–0.97), P = 0.03] and TSH [1.08 (1.00–1.17), P = 0.049] were abnormal renal function risk factors for gout patients. After stratification by UA, binary logistic regression analysis identified the following risk factors: Q1 age [1.06 (1.02–1.11), P = 0.003], CysC [1.67 (1.30–2.16), P &lt; 0.001]; Q2 age [1.09 (1.06–1.12), P &lt; 0.001], CysC [1.55 (1.28–1.88), P &lt; 0.001], FT3 [0.66 (0.46–0.96), P = 0.029]; Q3 age [1.06 (1.03–1.09), P &lt; 0.001], CysC [1.75 (1.41–2.18), P &lt; 0.001], Hcy [1.04 (1.00–1.08), P = 0.047], ALC [0.35 (0.18–0.69), P = 0.002]; Q4 age [1.05 (1.02–1.09), P = 0.004], CysC [1.79 (1.40–2.30), P &lt; 0.001].

Conclusion
ALC and levels of TSH and serum Cys could be used for monitoring for abnormal renal function in patients with gout.
A Scleroderma and Raynaud’s UK (SRUK) national survey to explore rheumatologists’ awareness, approaches to diagnosis and management and training needs within systemic sclerosis
Authors: Blamont Emma , Farrington Sue , Glover-Southworth Nina , Cornwell Gemma , Gibson Laura , Sloan Melanie , Hughes Michael 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Patients’ outcomes and experiences can be affected by rheumatologist knowledge and awareness of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Our survey, directed at UK-based rheumatologists, aimed to expand our understanding of the above points along with their ability to keep up to date with guidelines defining best practice.

Methods
Rheumatologists were invited to participate in an online survey, with the results analysed and presented descriptively and graphically by SRUK.

Results
Of the 150 UK rheumatologists surveyed, 2% reported that they had not heard of SSC and 18.7% reported having a limited understanding of the condition. A total of 44% of respondents reported that they were fully versed in the signs and symptoms of SSc. The majority of those surveyed shared the broad view that all aspects of SSc, including services (63.4%), specialist positions (64.7%), research (73.1%) and training and education (70%), are either completely or somewhat underfunded. Most respondents (87.4%) reported that their workload allowed them to ‘somewhat’ (48.74%) or ‘completely’ (38.66%) keep up to date with official guidelines. Scleroderma and Raynaud’s UK (SRUK) (47.9%), followed by NICE (43.7%), were the most highly used sources of information utilized among those surveyed.

Conclusion
Our survey reveals a serious gap in the awareness and the signs and symptoms of SSc among some UK rheumatologists, in addition to a perception that services, training and education in this area are underfunded. Our findings indicate that there is a role for the provision of further education and training as part of continued professional development.
Psoriatic Arthritis Priority Setting Partnership: patient- and clinician-informed considerations for future UK health service delivery
Authors: James Lija , Hailey Louise , Bundy Christine , Burstow Helen , Chandler David , Cowper Russ , Helliwell Philip , Joannes Lucille , Kelly Andy , Kennedy Bronagh , Kinsella Suzannah , McAteer Helen , Mukherjee Sandeep , Packham Jon , Wise Elspeth , Young Helen , Dures Emma , Coates Laura C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Little is known about the ideal service delivery model and shortcomings in patient experiences in the NHS for patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The objective of this work was to identify unmet needs perceived within the current health service delivery model for PsA from the UK Psoriatic Arthritis Priority Setting Partnership (PsA-PSP).

Methods
An online survey was conducted in 2020 and distributed to people with PsA, their carers and clinicians to identify research priorities in PsA. The participants were asked to submit three questions unanswered in PsA research. A proportion of submissions related to health service delivery were identified, which were deemed as out of scope for the main PsA-PSP but nevertheless important to report. Content analysis was used to analyse these submissions separately.

Results
We reviewed 138 submissions that were not related to the James Lind PSP and research priorities in PsA. Among these, 118 (85.5%) were focused on health service delivery and were classified into five main themes: rheumatology service, primary care navigation, education, holistic care, and ethnicity, diversity and inclusion. Further analysis within the rheumatology service theme revealed additional sub-themes that emphasized integrating multidisciplinary services, improving access to advice lines and ensuring fair access to treatments.

Conclusion
The five key themes provide valuable insights into the important areas of interest within health service delivery in the UK. By understanding these themes, policymakers, healthcare providers and researchers can better prioritize their efforts and address the specific care needs of people with PsA, their care providers and clinicians.
Ultrasonography for the assessment of enthesitis in psoriatic arthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Bibas Noémie , Pignon Caroline , Lopez-Medina Clementina , Gandjbakhch Frédérique , Fautrel Bruno , Gossec Laure 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The specificity of US for enthesitis in PsA is unclear. The objective was to analyse the specificity of US enthesitis in Mode B and using power Doppler for the diagnosis of PsA through a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Methods
Systematic review in PubMed 2010 to June 2023 of studies of adult patients with confirmed PsA with or without a control group of non-PsA patients, reporting information on US enthesitis. Data were analysed on (i) the prevalence of US enthesitis (presence of at least one enthesitis) in PsA patients and non-PsA patients, (ii) specificity and sensitivity of US enthesitis and then specifically power Doppler for PsA diagnosis and (iii) most specific localizations of enthesitis in PsA patients. Pooled percentages and means were evaluated using univariate random effects meta-analysis.

Results
In 76 articles, 5927 patients with PsA were compared with 3423 controls (59.0% of whom had psoriasis). The prevalence of US enthesitis was 73.7% (95% CI 56.6–90.9%) in PsA patients vs 12.6% (2.6–22.3%) in controls. The pooled specificity and sensitivity of Mode B US were 73.2% (59.3–87.0%) and 62.1% (47.9–76.4%); and of power Doppler, were 97.9% (96.5–99.5%) and 14.7% (8.2–21.2%), respectively. The site most frequently involved in PsA but not in controls was the Achilles tendon, in which erosions and power Doppler activity were most discriminant.

Conclusion
In this systematic review, US enthesitis was highly prevalent in PsA patients. Evidencing enthesitis by US was found to be reasonably specific and could contribute to the diagnosis of PsA; power Doppler was highly specific, however it was rarely present.
Predictors of rituximab efficacy in systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: machine-learning analysis of the DESIRES trial
Authors: Kuzumi Ai , Oba Koji , Ebata Satoshi , Kashiwabara Kosuke , Ueda Keiko , Uemura Yukari , Watadani Takeyuki , Fukasawa Takemichi , Miura Shunsuke , Yoshizaki-Ogawa Asako , Kage Hidenori , Sato Shinichi , Yoshizaki Ayumi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Rituximab is emerging as a promising therapeutic option for systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). However, little is known about factors that predict the efficacy of rituximab in SSc-ILD.

Methods
A post-hoc analysis was performed on prospective data from 48 patients with SSc-ILD in the double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled DESIRES trial. A total of 28 baseline factors were selected as candidates to predict the efficacy of rituximab on the percentage of predicted forced vital capacity (ppFVC) at 24 weeks. A machine learning causal tree algorithm was used to explore the combination of predictors to identify subpopulations with a good response to rituximab.

Results
Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) were selected as branches of the decision tree to stratify patients into three subpopulations. In the subpopulation with serum CRP levels ≥0.055 mg/dl, ΔppFVC was significantly higher in the rituximab group than in the placebo group [difference 8.01% (95% CI: 4.40%, 11.62%)]. In the subpopulation with serum CRP levels &lt;0.055 mg/dl and serum KL-6 levels ≥364 U/ml, ΔppFVC was comparable between the two groups [difference 2.47% (95% CI: −1.99%, 6.92%)]. In the subpopulation with serum CRP levels &lt;0.055 mg/dl and serum KL-6 levels &lt;364 U/ml, ΔppFVC was significantly lower in rituximab than in placebo [difference −6.85% (95% CI: −10.80%, −2.91%)].

Conclusion
Even slight elevations in serum CRP levels are associated with the improvement in ppFVC and may serve as predictors of rituximab efficacy in SSc-ILD.
Migrating arts with (out) migrating artists: Decentering the global art world
Authors: Lee Kangsan , Levitt Peggy , Valdivia-Moreno Chantal 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Most models of cultural globalization describe circulation to and around conventional cultural centers. The art world becomes more inclusive, but its fundamental hierarchies remain in place. In this paper, we describe another form of cultural globalization called “decentering”, which involves the circulation and increased interconnectedness between peripheries, either with or without their integration to cultural centers. Using a mixed methods approach, we examined the global circulation of artists from Argentina, Lebanon, and South Korea in the past 20 years (2000–2019). The results show their works circulated to a broader range of destinations, more rapidly than their early artistic cohorts, without necessarily passing through traditional art centers. This trend was particularly true for younger artists. We attribute the increasing prominence of decentering to three factors: (1) The mobility of early artists that enables later artists to gain recognition without physically migrating, (2) the role of vernacularizers, and (3) labeling as categorization. Our research contributes to understandings of cultural globalization by demonstrating how these factors broaden the geographies of the global contemporary art world and encourage more vibrant artistic circulation within and between peripheries.
Critical roles of extracellular vesicles in periodontal disease and regeneration
Authors: Jing Lin , Wang Hong-Yu , Zhang Ning , Zhang Wen-Jie , Chen Yuzhe , Deng Dao-Kun , Li Xuan , Chen Fa-Ming , He Xiao-Tao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are evolutionarily conserved communication mediators that play key roles in the development of periodontal disease as well as in regeneration processes. This concise review first outlines the pathogenic mechanisms through which EVs derived from bacteria lead to the progression of periodontitis, with a focus on the enrichment of virulence factors, the amplification of immune responses, and the induction of bone destruction as key aspects influenced by bacterial EVs. This review aims to elucidate the positive effects of EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) on periodontal tissue regeneration. In particular, the anti-inflammatory properties of MSC-EVs and their impact on the intricate interplay between MSCs and various immune cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and T cells, are described. Moreover, recent advancements regarding the repair-promoting functions of MSC-EVs are detailed, highlighting the mechanisms underlying their ability to promote osteogenesis, cementogenesis, angiogenesis, and the homing of stem cells, thus contributing significantly to periodontal tissue regeneration. Furthermore, this review provides insights into the therapeutic efficacy of MSC-EVs in treating periodontitis within a clinical context. By summarizing the current knowledge, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how MSC-EVs can be harnessed for the treatment of periodontal diseases. Finally, a discussion is presented on the challenges that lie ahead and the potential practical implications for translating EV-based therapies into clinical practices for the treatment of periodontitis.
SMG5, a component of nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay, is essential for the mouse spermatogonial differentiation and maintenance
Authors: Tan Xiao , Chen Chengyan , Gao Xiyao , Wang Hua , Zhang Youming , Li Tangliang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMammalian spermatogenesis is a tightly controlled cellular process including spermatogonial development and differentiation, meiosis of spermatocyte, and the morphological specification of haploid spermatozoa, during which the post‐transcriptional gene regulations are vital but poorly understood. Nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay (NMD), a highly conserved post‐transcriptional regulatory mechanism of gene expression in eukaryotes, recently emerges as a licensing mechanism in cell fate transition, including stem cell differentiation and organogenesis. The function of NMD in spermatogonial development remains elusive. Here we found knockout of SMG5, an important component of the NMD machinery, in embryonic germ cells led to the failure of spermatogenesis and male infertility. SMG5 null resulted in defective differentiation and maintenance of spermatogonia, which affected initiation of meiosis, ultimately caused a “Sertoli cell‐only” phenotype. Transcriptome analysis revealed that SMG5 loss led to serious defects in NMD with targets features including PTC, long 3′ UTR, and 5′ uORFs. Furthermore, SMG5 loss downregulates gene transcripts involved in spermatogonia expansion and differentiation. During the spermatogonial differentiation, the deletion of SMG5 led to hyperactivation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, which triggered widespread cell death. These results suggest that SMG5 mediated NMD plays an important role in spermatogenesis by regulating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
Integrating Generative Artificial Intelligence Into Medical Education: Curriculum, Policy, and Governance Strategies
Authors: Triola Marc M. , Rodman Adam 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The rapid advancement of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) is poised to revolutionize medical education, clinical decision-making, and health care workflow. Despite considerable interest and a surfeit of newly available tools, medical educators largely lack both competencies and guidance on how to incorporate the new and rapidly evolving world of GAI into the core medical school curriculum and experiences of undergraduate medical education. This Scholarly Perspective highlights the need for medical schools to adapt to this new paradigm by implementing policies, governance, and curricula that address the ethical, technical, and pedagogical implications of GAI. The authors recommend creating policies for appropriate GAI use, designed to protect institutional and patient data, and provide students with clarity on the appropriate use of AI for education. The authors suggest that implementing GAI governance at institutions is crucial to create guiding principles on ethical and equitable GAI use and involving students as coinventors of local innovation. The authors argue that providing faculty and learners with tools and training for safe experimentation with GAI and defining competencies for students and faculty are essential. Curricula for GAI should focus on implications of clinical uses. The authors propose a set of new competencies for GAI that build on those already established for AI in general. Given how dynamic the world of GAI is and how quickly new innovations are changing longstanding practices of clinical medicine, it is imperative that the medical education community acts together to share best practices, gather data to assess the impact of GAI education, continuously update the expected competencies of medical students, and help students prepare for a career that will be continually changed by GAI.
EZH2/miR-142-3p/HMGB1 axis mediates chondrocyte pyroptosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress in knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Chen Yang , Dong Shanshan , Zeng Xin , Xu Qing , Liang Mingwei , Liao Guangneng , Li Lan , Shen Bin , Lu Yanrong , Si Haibo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is still challenging to prevent or treat. Enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and increased pyroptosis in chondrocytes may be responsible for cartilage degeneration. This study aims to investigate the effect of ER stress on chondrocyte pyroptosis and the upstream regulatory mechanisms, which have rarely been reported.

Methods:
The expression of the histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), microRNA-142-3p (miR-142-3p), and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and the levels of ER stress, pyroptosis, and metabolic markers in normal and OA chondrocytes were investigated by western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, fluorescein amidite-tyrosine-valine-alanine-aspartic acid-fluoromethyl ketone (FAM-YVAD-FMK)/Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide (PI) staining, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays, and cell viability assessments. The effects of EZH2, miR-142-3p, and HMGB1 on ER stress and pyroptosis and the hierarchical regulatory relationship between them were analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporters, gain/loss-of-function assays, and rescue assays in interleukin (IL)-1β-induced OA chondrocytes. The mechanistic contribution of EZH2, miR-142-3p, and HMGB1 to chondrocyte ER stress and pyroptosis and therapeutic prospects were validated radiologically, histologically, and immunohistochemically in surgically induced OA rats.

Results:
Increased EZH2 and HMGB1, decreased miR-142-3p, enhanced ER stress, and activated pyroptosis in chondrocytes were associated with OA occurrence and progression. EZH2 and HMGB1 exacerbated and miR-142-3p alleviated ER stress and pyroptosis in OA chondrocytes. EZH2 transcriptionally silenced miR-142-3p via H3K27 trimethylation, and miR-142-3p posttranscriptionally silenced HMGB1 by targeting the 3′-UTR of the HMGB1 gene. Moreover, ER stress mediated the effects of EZH2, miR-142-3p, and HMGB1 on chondrocyte pyroptosis. In vivo experiments mechanistically validated the hierarchical regulatory relationship between EZH2, miR-142-3p, and HMGB1 and their effects on chondrocyte ER stress and pyroptosis.

Conclusions:
A novel EZH2/miR-142-3p/HMGB1 axis mediates chondrocyte pyroptosis and cartilage degeneration by regulating ER stress in OA, contributing novel mechanistic insights into OA pathogenesis and providing potential targets for future therapeutic research.
Cross-cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Validation of the Chinese Version of the Personal Financial Wellness Scale and Levels of Psychological Financial Hardship in Lung Cancer Patients and Caregivers at Treatment Initiation
Authors: Jia Shumin , Cui Yongchun , Cheung Denise Shuk Ting , Takemura Naomi , Ho Mu-Hsing , Liu Xiaohang , Lin Chia-Chin 
Published: December 2024

Background:
The Personal Financial Wellness Scale (PFW) is a potential instrument for screening psychological financial hardship in the Chinese cancer population.

Objective:
To culturally adapt and validate the Chinese version of the PFW (CPFW) and assess the level of psychological financial hardship.

Methods:
One hundred and twenty-eight lung cancer patient-caregiver dyads participated in this cross-sectional study. The CPFW was adapted using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy translation method. Both classical test theory and item response theory analysis were used for validation.

Results:
The CPFW demonstrated good content and face validity. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's α = .933 for patients, .943 for caregivers). A single-factor structure explained 70.032% and 71.727% of the variance in patients and caregivers, respectively. Mean CPFW scores positively correlated with Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (r = 0.870 in patients, r = 0.849 in caregivers, P < .001), and negatively correlated with National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer (r = −0.484 in patients, r = −0.438 in caregivers, P < .001). Mean scores differed significantly based on insurance schemes and monthly household incomes (P < .001). The most informative and discriminative items were items 8, 4, and 3. Mean CPFW scores were 4.68 ± 2.10 in patients and 5.17 ± 1.98 in caregivers.

Conclusions:
The CPFW is a valid and reliable tool for assessing psychological financial hardship in the Chinese cancer population. Future research should screen and manage financial hardship at treatment initiation.

Implications for Practice:
The CPFW may help clinical professionals gain initiative for alleviating cancer-related financial hardship.

What is Foundational:
The validated and reliable CPFW may help effectively screen and manage financial hardship from a family level along the cancer journey in China.
Loss of RPN1 promotes antitumor immunity via PD-L1 checkpoint blockade in triple-negative breast cancer – experimental studies
Authors: Wang Mengxue , Li Xunjia , Wu Yushen , Wang Long , Zhang Xue , Dai Meng , Long Yang , Zuo Deyu , Li Shengwei , Yin Xuedong 
Published: December 2024

Background:
RPN1, also known as ribophorin I (RPN1), is a type I transmembrane protein that plays an important role in glycosylation. However, the effects of RPN1 on cancer progression and immune evasion in breast cancer (BC) have not been identified.

Materials and methods:
The expression of RPN1 was evaluated using RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The effects of RPN1 on tumor cells were assessed using RT-qPCR, western blotting, flow cytometry, Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8), colony formation assays, and in vivo experiments. The mechanism by which RPN1 modifies programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and the tumor microenvironment was examined by RT-qPCR, western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), and flow cytometry. The influence of the transcription factor YY1 on RPN1 expression was revealed using bioinformatics analysis, RT-qPCR, and dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays.

Results:
RPN1 is aberrantly expressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, correlating with increased proliferation and poor prognosis. RPN1 mediates the post-translational modification of PD-L1, enhancing its glycosylation and stability, thus facilitating PD-L1-mediated immune escape and tumor growth. The deletion of RPN1 improves the TNBC microenvironment and enhances the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy. Additionally, we uncovered a novel regulatory axis involving YY1/RPN1/YBX1 in PD-L1 regulation, affecting TNBC growth and metastasis.

Conclusions:
Our preliminary study reveals that targeting RPN1 promotes immune suppression, providing a new potential immunotherapy strategy for TNBC. However, further research is necessary to fully elucidate and understand the specific mechanisms of RPN1 in TNBC and its potential for clinical application.