bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Will It Mean for Me? Perceptions of the ECFMG 2023 Accreditation Requirement from an Online Forum
Authors: Ahmed Rashid Mohammed , Smith Victoria , Tackett Sean , Arfeen Zakia , Mughal Faraz 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
In 2010, the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG) announced that as of 2023, physicians applying to train and practice in the United States will be required to graduate from a medical school that has been accredited using criteria such as those developed by the World Federation for Medical Education. This study analyzed posts on the Student Doctor Network (SDN) online forum that refer to this accreditation requirement to investigate how it has been perceived and understood by current and prospective medical students. A keyword search of relevant terms was used to identify posts discussing the accreditation requirement on the SDN online forum, which were subjected to thematic analysis. There were a total of 83 posts from 49 distinct user accounts between May 2012 and January 2020. Seven themes were identified in total; four whose overall purpose was to seek or offer advice and three whose overall purpose was commentary. Themes relating to advice included applications and admissions, future career planning, personal circumstances, and country-specific issues. Themes relating to commentary included the accreditation requirement policy itself, the potential implications of the requirement, and the educational quality of non-U.S. medical schools. Only half of web links on these posts were to the ECFMG website for official information about the requirement. Although a variety of different perspectives about the ECFMG accreditation requirement were expressed on an online forum for student doctors, the overall number of posts was low, which suggests that the requirement has not been a frequent topic of discussion on this platform. The insights gained from posts suggest personal opinions about the requirement and consequences for individual student application and career choices were the main areas of interest. Signposting to official information channels may help to raise awareness about the requirement and tackle areas of uncertainty and confusion about its implementation.
LITTLE KNOWN PAGES OF LIFE AND ACTIVITY OF IVAN MYKHOLAIOVYCH TRUBA (1878−1950 to the 140-th birthday)
Authors: MATROSOV Yar.M. 
Published: August 2021

Formulation of the problem. Hitherto little-known parts of the life, pedagogical, architectural, construction and creative activities of the famous Ukrainian public figure I.M. Truby(1878−1950), the chronology of his work in the field of creativity, the time of the has been clarified. Scientific activity in Poltava. Added his scientific publications and their analysis, pedagogical and creative activity as a scientist Analyzed his first scientific work devoted to the economic feasibility of the Society for Mutual Fire Insurance. Given its strategic assessment the significance of this work of the author for the state, as a scientist and statesman. Moving to Yekaterinoslav. Participation in “Prosvita” (“Enlightenment”). Work in the field of education. Work in the Office of the Catherine Railway as an engineer. The difficulties of the struggle for life space are described, despite the innate abilities and willpower to achieve the set goal. Help of like-minded people on a common path to a “bright future” his thoughtfulness has been honed. Economist, structure-creator of an organization, an enterprise. The purpose of the article is to supplement the compiled monograph on the life and work of I.M. Truby. Conclusions. The significance of I.M. Truby in the development of education in the Katerinoslav (now Dnieper) region is highlighted. It is known that during the Bolshevik regime, in his homeland, Ivan Truba was considered an enemy of the people (which was not specified), as a Ukrainian bourgeois nationalist. And therefore, all his activities were given political anathema. Archival materials have been studied and analyzed, on the basis of which the conclusion is drawn − the significance of I.M. Truba is manifested as a person, a citizen is a patriot, namely of the Ukrainian people. The activities of Ivan Mikhailovich during his life were marked by their versatility, namely: pedagogicalism, enlightenment, political, cultural and social activities, national patriotism, writing, scientific creativity.
ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF THE TRANSITION TO 3D PRINTING OF BUILDINGS IN THE ROUTE OF INDUSTRY 4.01
Authors: SHATOV S.V. , MATSENKO О.M. , SKRYPKA Yev.O , DANYLENKO I.O. 
Published: August 2021

Problem statement. The high level of costs, energy and resource intensity in the field of construction leads to research aimed at improving the economic, social and environmental performance of construction processes
from the standpoint of current trends in innovation in line with Industry 4.0. Especially relevant are studies adapted to the conditions of the national economy. The purpose of the article is to research of directions of development of technologies in the construction sphere, in particular technologies of 3D-printing, definition of ecological and economic advantages of transition to 3D-printing of construction objects in line with Industry 4.0. Results. The research of directions of development of 3D-printing technology is carried out, the types of 3D-printers are presented and characterized. Emphasis is placed on the need and benefits of assessment and certification of energy efficiency of buildings. The advantages of 3D printing are considered, which include the improvement of such parameters as environmental friendliness, speed and accessibility of construction. An assessment of the profitability and payback period of the construction business organization, which uses 3D-printing as the primary means of construction. It is established that the specific costs per 1m2 of 3D-construction in Ukraine will be about 4 thousand UAH, and the payback period of innovative construction business based on 3D-printing is less than a year. Scientific novelty and practical significance. For the first, an economic assessment of the construction business organization uses 3D printing as the primary means of construction, in the Ukrainian economy. The results of the study will be useful for business representatives in the field of construction, and can also be used in the training of specialists for the construction industry.
DYNAMIC MODELLING AND OPTIMAL DESIGN OF BUILDINGS WITH FRICTION DAMPERS USING PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Savytskyi M. , Danishevskyy V. , Gaidar A. 
Published: August 2021

Formulation of the problem. Dry friction dampers are widely used for the protection of buildings from dynamic and seismic loads. Their advantages are the simplicity and reliability of the design, low costs, easy installation and maintenance, as well as high dissipative characteristics. Determining the location of friction dampers inside a building is a complex task that requires a comprehensive analysis of the dynamic properties of the structure and, as a rule, cannot be solved within the framework of standard design methods. Therefore, a crucial problem is the development of novel methods for calculating structures with dry friction dampers allowing finding optimal design solutions to minimize dynamic and seismic impacts.
The purpose of the sudy. The method of particle swarm optimization is developed for the prediction of rational locations of friction dampers in multi-storey frame buildings to enhance their resistance to seismic loads.
Conclusions. An analytical model describing the dynamic behavior of buildings with friction dampers is proposed. A mathematical model of seismic loads is developed. Non-stationary vibrations of a building under the seismic loads are investigated. The governing non-linear dynamical equations are integrated numerically by the Runge-Kutta method. The rational locations of friction dampers are determined ensuring the minimal inter-storey drifts and accelerations of the building. The obtained results can be used in the design of houses and structures with enhanced resistance to seismic and dynamic impacts.
ENERGY EFFICIENT CONSTRUCTION IN UKRAINE AND FRANCE
Authors: BALAN O. 
Published: August 2021

Problem statement. The building materials choice is usually based on non-environmental criteria, such asfunctionality, technical characteristics, aesthetics, cost, etc., and the environmental and human health impact is rarely takeninto account. Greenhouse effects, climate change, and energy issues remain a key issue at both European and internationallevels. Today, energy-efficient and eco-friendly areas are gaining more and more popularity in the construction industry, sothe design and construction of energy-efficient and environmentally friendly buildings in Ukraine, considering the worldexperience, including European, remains a live issue today. The purpose of this article is to explore the concepts ofenergy-efficient buildings and so-called &quot;green&quot; construction, as well as to analyze and explore the experience of usingenergy-saving resources in Ukraine and France. Results. Ecological and passive houses in Ukraine, energy-efficient andecological buildings in France, Hitachi technologies have been analyzed. Scientific novelty and practical significance. Theanalysis of the problem of improving the energy efficiency of buildings and ways to solve it allowed to identify ofpromising areas of green construction in Ukraine, which will form the basis for further improvement of methods offormation, evaluation, justification, and selection of rational organizational and technological solutions for energy-efficientconstruction and reconstruction.
EFEKTIFITAS KONTRAK PERILAKU (BEHAVIOR CONTRACT) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KONSENTRASI BELAJAR SISWA SMAN 1 TAPIN TENGAH
Authors: Werdayani Emma 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas pemberian kontrak prilaku untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar siswa SMAN 1 TAPIN TENGAH, Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIA SMAN 1 TAPIN TENGAH yang berjumlah 20orang. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang diskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melaluia observasi dan wawancara kepada peserta didik ada 3 siklus dalam penelitian ini. Pada siklus pertama tidak menggunakan kontrak prilaku ada 40% siswa yang konsentrasi, Siklus kedua menggunakan kontrak prilaku ada 55 % siswa dan pada siklus ke tida 75 % siswa lebih konsentrasi dalam belajar. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kontrak prilaku efektif digunakan untuk dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar.
MENURUNKAN PERILAKU MEMBOLOS DENGAN TEKNIK KONTRAK PERILAKU DI SMA NEGERI 2 SANGATTA UTARA
Authors: Purwanto Edy 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan suatu upaya sistematis, objektif, logis dan berkelanjutan serta terprogram yang dilakukan oleh konselor atau guru bimbingan dan konseling untuk memfasilitasi perkembangan peserta didik/konseli untuk mencapai kemandirian dalam kehidupannya. Selanjutnya disebutkan tujuan daripada layanan bimbingan dan konseling adalah untuk membantu konseli mencapai perkembangan optimal dan kemandirian secara utuh dalam aspek pribadi, belajar, sosial dan karir.
Minería, patrimonio cultural y público visitante
Authors: Conforti María Eugenia , Giacomasso María Vanesa , Chaparro María Gabriela , Lemiez Griselda , Baier Micaela María , Endere María Luz 
Published: August 2021

En este artículo se presenta un análisis sobre las valoraciones del público visitante de la exhibición “ADN Olavarría. Raíces Mineras”, vinculada con la historia minera local y que constituye parte de su patrimonio cultural. Dicha propuesta fue realizada durante 2019 en la ciudad de Olavarría provincia de Buenos Aires, en el marco por los festejos del centenario del primer despacho de cemento portland de Argentina. Se realizó un relevamiento a partir de encuestas semiestructuradas a más de 100 visitantes. Los principales resultados demuestran un desconocimiento general del público sobre los orígenes de la actividad minera local y un reconocimiento de otros aspectos de la identidad olavarriense como constitutivos de su ADN. Este estudio habilitó una discusión basada en cuatro ejes principales: la interpretación del patrimonio desde la museografía, la valoración del aporte de los investigadores y especialistas, la activación verticalista de un repertorio patrimonial, y el rol de los investigadores como activadores de procesos de puesta en valor del patrimonio cultural local.
Los aprendizajes no-académicos en las prácticas educativas
Authors: Silas Casillas Juan Carlos , Cueva de la Garza Susana 
Published: August 2021

Societies, since ancient times, have established different types of institutions and educational practices to train their citizens, especially the youngest. Sometimes, these are complex educational systems, with levels and outcomes functionally differentiated; in others, from rather simple or generic institutions or even independent educational initiatives with their own purposes and sources.
Reports of international organizations and educational ministries of many countries relate the level of development in the societies with a higher specialization of their educational systems and show that, as economic and cultural interconnection advances, the educational systems tend to orientate towards measurable and comparable competencies. In this sense, they take a similar shape, as well as the elements used to evaluate their impact and achievement.
Probability of Default Bank Umum di Indonesia: Alternatif dalam Implementasi Sisitem Premi Deferensial
Authors: Wijoyo Nugroho Agung 
Published: August 2021

The Indonesian Deposit Insurance Corporation (LPS) initially imposed the flat rate premium system, the same premium rate for all banks, which is 0.2% of the total third party funds (DPK) of commercial banks. However; when there is a change in the value of deposits guaranteed, LPS needs to change from the flat rate premium system to the Differential Premium System. This study uses Probability of Default (PoD), derived from the Merton Model (1974), for each individual Commercial Bank in Indonesia in implementing the Differential Premium System as the mandate of Article 15 paragraph (1) of the Law. Thus, each individual bank will pay a premium in accordance with the probability of default to LPS. This study finds that the average of probability of default of all commercial banks in the period 2002-2014 reaches 57.12%. Bank that has the smallest average Probability of Default (PoD) is Bank 151Â with a PoD of 14.10% and an AA category rating. The second position is Bank 427 with a PoD of 18.20% and a rating of A. While the third position is Bank 14 with a PoD of 18.70% also with a rating of A. This study finds that the Differential Premium System in Indonesia can be implemented, given that LPS revenue will not be reduced much or at least close to the flat rate premium system, when LPS imposes the Differential Premium System.
Posterior fusion for fragility type 2 odontoid fractures
Authors: Traynelis Vincent C. , Fontes Ricardo B. V. , Abode-Iyamah Kingsley O. , Cox Efrem M. , Greenlee Jeremy D. 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of elderly patients with type 2 odontoid fractures treated with an instrumented posterior fusion.

METHODS
Ninety-three consecutive patients older than 65 years of age in whom a type 2 odontoid fracture had been treated with a variety of C1–2 posterior screw fixation techniques were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTS
The average age was 78 years (range 65–95 years). Thirty-seven patients had an additional fracture, 30 of which involved C1. Three patients had cervical spinal cord dysfunction due to their injury. All patients had comorbidities. The average total hospitalization was 9.6 days (range 2–37 days). There were 3 deaths and 19 major complications, the most common of which was pneumonia. No patient suffered a vertebral artery injury. Imaging studies were obtained in 64 patients at least 12 months postsurgery (mean 19 months). Fusion was assessed by dynamic radiographs in all cases and with a CT scan in 80% of the cases. Four of the 64 patients did not achieve fusion (6.25% overall). All patients in whom fusion failed had undergone C1 lateral mass fixation and C2 pars (1/29, 3.4%) or laminar (3/9, 33.3%) fixation.

CONCLUSIONS
Instrumented posterior cervical fusions may be performed in elderly patients with acceptable morbidity and mortality. The fusion rate is excellent except when bilateral C2 translaminar screws are used for axis fixation.
Methyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin Restores KIR Channel Function in Brain Endothelium of Female Alzheimer’s Disease Mice
Authors: Hakim Md A. , Behringer Erik J. 
Published: August 2021

Background: As the sixth-leading cause of death in the United States, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) entails deteriorating endothelial control of blood flow throughout the brain. In particular, reduced inward-rectifying K+ (KIR) channel function in animal models of aging and AD compromises endothelial function and optimal perfusion of brain parenchyma. Deficient endothelial KIR channels may result from aberrant interaction with plasma membrane cholesterol as a primary regulator of membrane fluidity and ion channels. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that mild methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) treatment to reduce membrane cholesterol may restore endothelial KIR channel function in brain endothelium of old AD mice. Methods: Membrane potential was continuously measured in isolated endothelial tubes from posterior cerebral arteries of young (1 to 3 months) and old (16 to 19 months) female 3xTg-AD mice before and after mild treatment with the cholesterol-removing agent MβCD (1 mmol/L). Elevated extracellular potassium ([K+]E; 15 mmol/L) and NS309 (1μmol/L) activated KIR and Ca2+-activated K+ (SKCa/IKCa) channels respectively before and after MβCD treatment. Results: SKCa/IKCa channel function for producing hyperpolarization remained stable regardless of age group and MβCD treatment ( ΔVm: ∼–33 mV). However, as deficient during AD, KIR channel function was restored ( ΔVm: –9±1 mV) versus pre-MβCD conditions (–5±1 mV); a progressive effect that reached –14±1 mV hyperpolarization at 60 min following MβCD washout. Conclusion: In female animals, MβCD treatment of brain endothelium selectively restores KIR versus SKCa/IKCa channel function during AD. Thus, the endothelial cholesterol-KIR channel interface is a novel target for ameliorating perfusion of the AD brain.
Vanishing congenital lung malformations: What is the incidence of true regression?
Authors: Griggs C. , Schmaedick M. , Gerall C. , Fan W. , Orlas C. , Price J. , Simpson L. , Miller R. , DeFazio J. , Stylianos S. , Rothenberg S. , Duron V. 
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: A congenital lung malformation (CLM) that is diagnosed on prenatal ultrasound exam may subsequently become undetectable on later scans, a “vanishing” CLM. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study is to characterize the prenatal natural history and postnatal outcomes of “vanishing” lesions treated at our institution. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of 107 patients diagnosed prenatally with CLM at our institution. Comparisons were made using Kruskal-Wallis or t-test for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test or Chi-Square test for categorical variables. Multivariable analysis using logistic regression was performed. RESULTS: Of the 104 patients, 59 (56.7%) had lesions that became sonographically undetectable on serial ultrasound scans. Patients with lesions that vanished prenatally tended to need less Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) admission at birth (persistent CLM: 54.8%vs vanished CLM: 28.8%), decreased need for supplemental O2 at birth (persistent CLM: 31.0%vs vanished CLM: 11.9%), and decreased delay in feeds (persistent CLM: 26.2%vs vanished CLM: 8.5%) compared to those with persistent CLM. After multivariate analysis controlling for maternal steroid administration and sex, admission to NICU maintained a slight statistical significance, with patients in the vanishing CLM group 2.5 times less likely to be admitted to the NICU. None of our patients whose lesions vanished prenatally required mechanical ventilation. Eighty-six patients underwent postnatal computed tomography (CT) chest. Only 2 patients had lesions that regressed on postnatal CT. CONCLUSION: Lesions that vanish on prenatal imaging may be associated with improved clinical outcomes. The rate of true regression at our institution was as low as 2.3%.
Safety and efficacy of a home nasogastric monitoring program for premature infants
Authors: Vergales Brooke D. , Murray Peter D. , Miller Sarah E. , Vergales Jeffrey E. 
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: A novel home monitoring program, in which premature infants are cared for at home with a nasogastric tube in place prior to achievement of full oral feeding, was evaluated. The program combines a digital, fully EMR-integrated, virtual daily rounding platform with direct provider video and telephone contact. METHODS: A case-control study was performed evaluating infants < 34 weeks’ gestation who were followed in our program. A historical control group, was created by matching 2 : 1 based on gestational age±6 days, retroactively. RESULT: 15 patients discharged in the program were compared with 30 controls. The home cohort gained an average of 30 g/day compared with the in-hospital group at 27g/day ( p = 0.325). The home group required a mean of 5.9±2.9 days to full oral feeding once discharged, not different from the control group at 5.4±3.7 days ( p = 0.606). The percentage of oral feeds for the home cohort, however, increased at a rate of 12.2%before discharge compared to rising 57%at home ( p < 0.001). The control group spent an additional 8.1±3.9 days in the hospital after reaching criteria. There were no reported adverse events or readmissions. CONCLUSION: Premature infants can safely advance oral feeds using a home monitoring program. While at home, infants gained weight similarly to their inpatient controls, yet gained full oral skills at a significantly faster rate compared to when they were in the hospital.