bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual Cognition and Experience Mediate the Relation between Age and Decision Making in Youth Volleyball Players
Authors: De Waelle Silke , Van Bostraeten Sara , Lenoir Matthieu , Deconinck Frederik J. A. , Bennett Simon J. 
Published: July 2021

SIGNIFICANCE
Experts in different sports show superior decision-making skills compared with novices, but little is known about its development in youth players. This study shows that the age-related improvements in visual cognition and accumulation of sport-specific experience explain a considerable amount of the development in decision making in volleyball.

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of visual cognition and volleyball experience on the relationship between age and decision making in youth volleyball players.

METHODS
A total of 171 female volleyball players aged 6 to 17 years performed a sport-specific, video-based test of decision making, as well as four different visual cognition tests. Using structural equation modeling, we examined if volleyball experience and a latent variable constructed from the four tests of visual cognition act as parallel mediators in the association between age and decision making.

RESULTS
The parallel multiple mediation model for the association between age and decision making was supported in youth volleyball players. Moreover, significant indirect effects and a nonsignificant direct effect indicated that visual cognition and experience fully mediated the relation between age and decision making and together explain 38% of the variance in decision-making performance. The effects of both mediators were not significantly different, and there was no residual correlation between experience and visual cognition, which indicates that these mediators are unrelated to each other.

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings demonstrate that visual cognition and volleyball experience mediate the relation between age and decision making independently, which indicates that they each influence different parts of the decision-making process. These results highlight the importance of the development of perceptual-cognitive skill in young players, and future research should further investigate the development of these skills as well as their underlying factors in different kinds of sports.
Review: Vision and On-field Performance: A Critical Review of Visual Assessment and Training Studies with Athletes
Authors: Laby Daniel M. , Appelbaum Lawrence Gregory 
Published: July 2021

SIGNIFICANCE
Sports vision is an emerging field that seeks to establish the relationships between visual function and sports performance. Here we provide the first critical review of empirical studies that attempt to link visual assessments and vision training to competitive game performance.
Vision is essential to producing controlled movement, and therefore, it is intuitive that better visual abilities should relate to better sporting performance. This notion has been central to the field of sports vision, an area of study that seeks to determine the visual skills that underlie optimal sports performance and investigate approaches to train these abilities to improve sports performance. Although this field now contains hundreds of published articles addressing visual assessment and training in athletes, relatively few have attempted to directly link these capabilities to on-field production statistics from competitive matches. The objectives of this article are both to describe the theoretical and experimental framework necessary for such research and to critically review the empirical literature that has attempted to directly link visual assessments and/or training to athletic performance. We begin by describing why such associations are important and then provide an evidence-based framework for evaluating the quality of research in this domain. This is followed by a summary and review of the qualified literature that has addressed either relationships between baseline assessments and game performance or the effects of visual training interventions on game performance. Based on this review, it is concluded that, despite promising evidence supporting the role of vision in sports performance and improvements due to training, the specialty is still in need of methodological improvements. It is recommended that studies aim for larger better-powered studies, consistent and precise outcome measures, and greater scientific rigor such as obtained through randomized placebo-controlled designs with pre-registration of hypotheses.
Interview-Rated Meaning and Survival Over 17 Years in People Living With HIV
Authors: Ironson Gail , Verhagen Rachel , da Rosa Beatriz , Hylton Emily 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether meaning in life predicts survival in people living with HIV (PLWH) over 17 years. This study also examined whether interviewer- and transcript-rated meanings predict survival equivalently. A third purpose of the study was to investigate whether meaning in life adds to the prediction of survival over positive emotional expression.

Methods
A diverse sample of people with HIV (n = 177) completed an interview on stress and coping at baseline and were followed up for survival up to 17 years. Meaning was measured by interviewer rating of four items (meaningful purpose, unfinished business, finding new meaning, and meaningful activities). Transcript-rated meaning was assessed by two independent raters. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine whether meaning predicted survival over 17 years.

Results
Meaning in life predicted significantly greater survival, adjusting for biomedical and sociodemographic variables whether assessed by interviewer or by transcript raters. Hazard ratios suggest that the effect is moderate to large (2.66–3.45 for top versus bottom third; 2.05–2.49 for top versus bottom half). Significance was maintained after adjusting for positive emotion.

Conclusions
Meaning assessed by interview (by both interviewer and transcript ratings) predicted greater survival over 17 years in PLWH and did so above positive emotion. This adds to a literature that is primarily based on self-report questionnaires. Meaning may have beneficial effects for both psychological and physical health in PLWH.
Sleep Disturbances and the Risk of Incident Suicidality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
Authors: Dong Min , Lu Li , Sha Sha , Zhang Ling , Zhang Qinge , Ungvari Gabor S. , Balbuena Lloyd , Xiang Yu-Tao 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
The association between sleep disturbances and suicidality is not well understood partly because of the variability in research results. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the predictive value of sleep disturbances for incident suicidality.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases for studies examining sleep disturbances and incident suicidality. Cohort studies were screened following a registered protocol, and the eligible ones were meta-analyzed.

Results
Seven studies comprising 1,570,181 individuals at baseline, with 1407 attempting suicide and 1023 completing suicide during follow-up, were included. Individuals with baseline sleep disturbances had a significantly higher incidence of suicidality than did those without (relative risk = 2.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.45–3.24, I
2 = 82.50%, p < .001). The risk of an incident suicide attempt was 3.54-fold higher (95% CI = 3.07–4.09, I
2 = 0%, p = .44), whereas the risk of incident completed suicide was 1.80-fold higher (95% CI = 1.32–2.44, I
2 = 59.33%, p = .01) in individuals with baseline sleep disturbances.

Conclusions
Incident suicide attempts and deaths are higher among people with sleep disturbances. Regular screening and preventive measures should be undertaken for people with sleep disturbances to prevent progression into suicide attempts and deaths.

Clinical Trial Registration:
CRD42019136397.
Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acid Ratios as Related to Gastrointestinal and Depressive Symptoms in Young Adults
Authors: Müller Bettina , Rasmusson Annica J. , Just David , Jayarathna Shishanthi , Moazzami Ali , Novicic Zorana Kurbalija , Cunningham Janet L. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced by the gut microbiota and may reflect health. Gut symptoms are common in individuals with depressive disorders, and recent data indicate relationships between gut microbiota and psychiatric health. We aimed to investigate potential associations between SCFAs and self-reported depressive and gut symptoms in young adults.

Methods
Fecal samples from 164 individuals (125 were patients with psychiatric disorders: mean [standard deviation] age = 21.9 [2.6] years, 14% men; 39 nonpsychiatric controls: age = 28.5 [9.5] years, 38% men) were analyzed for the SCFA acetate, butyrate, and propionate by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We then compared SCFA ratios with dimensional measures of self-reported depressive and gut symptoms.

Results
Depressive symptoms showed a positive association with acetate levels (ρ = 0.235, p = .003) and negative associations with both butyrate (ρ = −0.195, p = .014) and propionate levels (ρ = −0.201, p = .009) in relation to total SCFA levels. Furthermore, symptoms of diarrhea showed positive associations with acetate (ρ = 0.217, p = .010) and negative associations with propionate in relation to total SCFA levels (ρ = 0.229, p = 0–007). Cluster analysis revealed a heterogeneous pattern where shifts in SCFA ratios were observed in individuals with elevated levels of depressive symptoms, elevated levels of gut symptoms, or both.

Conclusions
Shifts in SCFAs are associated with both depressive symptoms and gut symptoms in young adults and may have of relevance for treatment.
What Can We Learn From More Than 140,000 Moments of Ecological Momentary Assessment–Assessed Negative Emotion and Ambulatory Blood Pressure? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Joseph Nataria T. , Chow Elvina C. , Peterson Laurel M. , Kamarck Thomas W. , Clinton Morgan , DeBruin Madison 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
Two decades of research has examined within-person associations between negative emotion states and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA), but no meta-analysis has been conducted. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the magnitude of this association and identify moderators, review strengths and weaknesses in conceptual and measurement approaches, and provide recommendations.

Methods
We searched databases (PsycINFO, PubMed), identified 15 studies, and obtained data from 13 studies (n = 2511; 142,307 observations).

Results
Random-effects meta-analyses demonstrated small effect r values between momentary negative emotions and systolic ABP (r = 0.06) and diastolic ABP (r = 0.05; p values < .001). Meta-regressions found that effects were larger among studies focused on anxiety, multidimensional negative emotions, predominantly female samples, or less observations of each participant (p values from .003 to .049). A qualitative review found that few studies examined moderators contributing to the substantial interindividual differences in this association.

Conclusions
The small association between momentary negative emotion and ABP extends laboratory findings on the association between the experiential and physiological aspects of emotion to the daily, natural emotional experiences of individuals. This literature could be strengthened by determining interindividual and intraindividual moderators of this association (e.g., trait negative emotion and state positive emotion), examining differential associations of different negative emotions with ABP, and standardizing EMA protocols. Although the effect is small, to the extent that repeated emotion-related cardiovascular reactivity may contribute to cardiovascular disease risk, identifying daily life triggers of emotion is important.
The Relationship Between Pain Severity, Insomnia, and Suicide Attempts Among a National Veteran Sample Initiating Pain Care
Authors: Ashrafioun Lisham , Bishop Todd M. , Pigeon Wilfred R. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
We assessed the longitudinal association of suicide attempts by moderate to severe pain and insomnia before and after the initiation of pain services among veterans.

Methods
A cohort of 221,817 veterans initiating pain care was divided into four subgroups: a) no/mild pain + no insomnia (LowPain-NoINS), b) no/mild pain + insomnia (LowPain-INS), c) moderate/severe pain + no insomnia (HighPain-NoINS), and d) moderate/severe pain + insomnia (HighPain-INS). Data on diagnoses, pain severity, demographics, medications, and suicide attempts were extracted from Veterans Health Administration data sets.

Results
Overall, there were 2227 (1.0%) suicide attempts before initiating pain services and 1655 (0.8%) after initiating pain services. Cox proportional hazard models accounting for key covariates revealed that patients in the HighPain-INS group were significantly more likely to attempt suicide in the year after the initiation of pain services relative to all subgroups (versus LowPain-NoINS: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21–1.72; versus LowPain-INS: HR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.23–2.38; versus HighPain-NoINS: HR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.01–1.34) even after accounting for prior attempts. Adjusted logistic regression analyses found that patients with moderate/severe pain and insomnia had higher odds of attempting suicide in the year before initiating pain services compared to all subgroups (versus LowPain-NoINS: HR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.50–2.05; versus LowPain-INS: HR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.09–1.82; versus HighPain-NoINS: HR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.07–1.37).

Conclusions
These results suggest that those with both moderate/severe pain and insomnia are more likely to have a history of suicide attempts and are at greater risk of a suicide attempt relative to those with insomnia with low/mild pain and those with moderate/severe pain with no insomnia. Suicide prevention efforts for chronic pain and insomnia could address pain and insomnia within the same intervention or in parallel.
Artemisinin and multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum – a threat for malaria control and elimination
Authors: Dhorda Mehul , Amaratunga Chanaki , Dondorp Arjen M. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose of review
Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are globally the first-line treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria and new compounds will not be available within the next few years. Artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum emerged over a decade ago in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) and, compounded by ACT partner drug resistance, has caused significant ACT treatment failure. This review provides an update on the epidemiology, and mechanisms of artemisinin resistance and approaches to counter multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria.

Recent findings
An aggressive malaria elimination programme in the GMS has helped prevent the spread of drug resistance to neighbouring countries. However, parasites carrying artemisinin resistance-associated mutations in the P. falciparum Kelch13 gene (pfk13) have now emerged independently in multiple locations elsewhere in Asia, Africa and South America. Notably, artemisinin-resistant infections with parasites carrying the pfk13 R561H mutation have emerged and spread in Rwanda.

Summary
Enhancing the geographic coverage of surveillance for resistance will be key to ensure prompt detection of emerging resistance in order to implement effective countermeasures without delay. Treatment strategies designed to prevent the emergence and spread of multidrug resistance must be considered, including deployment of triple drug combination therapies and multiple first-line therapies.
Where was my patient born? The Intersection of tropical medicine and migrant health
Authors: Berto Cesar G. , Coyle Christina M. , Friedman Lianna , Walker Patricia F. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose of review
There is unprecedented movement of people across international borders and parasitic infections, previously restricted to endemic regions, are now encountered in nonendemic areas of the world.

Recent findings
Migrants may import parasitic infections acquired in their countries of origin. Increasingly, clinicians in nonendemic regions are faced with patients with neglected diseases such as Chagas disease, malaria and strongyloidiasis. There are gaps in knowledge among physicians in nonendemic regions, which lead to missed opportunities for preventive strategies and early treatment. Both primary care and infectious disease physicians should have a broad knowledge of common parasitic infections to improve health outcomes and decrease healthcare disparities through early identification and treatment of disease encountered in migrants.

Summary
Migrant health is still a young field in medicine; clinicians should be aware of diseases seen in migrants, and access both educational and clinical resources, including experts in tropical medicine, in order to reduce health disparities among migrants. Collaboration between primary care and infectious disease/tropical medicine experts should be strengthened.
Pineal Gland Metastasis From Gastric Carcinoid—A Rare Manifestation
Authors: Fine Gabriel C. , Zhu Grace G. , Morton Kathryn A. , Damme Nikolas , Koppula Bhasker R. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Pineal region metastases are very rare, occurring in 0.4% to 3.8% of patients with solid tumors and most frequently arise from a lung cancer primary tumor. We present a case of a 67-year-old man with a gastric well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (NET) metastatic to the pineal gland identified on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT imaging followed by MRI confirmation. To our knowledge, this is the third NET case to be reported in the literature with such presentation and first case to be described on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. A case of metastatic bronchial NET as well as a case of metastatic esophageal NET to the pineal gland were reported previously.
The Use of Live Streaming Technologies in Surgery
Authors: Abu-Rmaileh Muhammad , Osborn Tamara , Gonzalez Santiago R. , Yuen James C. 
Published: July 2021

Background
Live streaming surgery is a developing communication platform in medicine. To maximize the technological advances that allow for the live streaming of surgery, it is crucial to have an understanding of the various video-capturing devices that are available and their pros and cons of implementation. Possible barriers to the widespread use of live streaming surgery include cost, concerns about patient safety and privacy, and limited understanding of the current available resources. In this article, we present the results of our literature review of techniques for live streaming of surgery as a means to inform readers and promote their implementation.

Methods
We conducted a literature review of the literature to identify previous articles indexed in PubMed and Ovid. We used the following search terms: [Surgery AND Streaming], which generated 32 articles for initial review. References were reviewed within each document to find similar articles that were not captured by the initial search. The article selection criteria were peer-reviewed publications, case reports, and case series describing the use of live surgical streaming technologies.

Results
Literature review showed enhanced surgeon interaction with viewers and improved anatomy scores with the widespread use of live streaming. Surgeons reported positive feedback and wished to engage in more sessions in the future. The largest barriers to implementation of streaming technology are video quality through the Internet and patient information protection.

Conclusions
Live streaming of surgery for educational purposes has not been widely accepted in surgical training programs to date. Streaming accessibility has advanced over the past 2 decades with the availability of handheld mobile devices. However, little has been done to allow for live streaming of surgery to trainees in a manner compliant with the Health Portability Insurance and Accountability Act.
Breast Implant–associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Diagnosis 6 Years After Implant Removal
Authors: Barnea Yoav , Clemens Mark W. , Madah Ehab , Arad Ehud , Ben-Ezra Jonathan , Haran Oriana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We present a case report of a 48-year-old woman with a late-onset seroma of her left breast, 6 years after removal of her textured breast implants. At that time, she also had a late-onset seroma of her left breast, and capsulectomy was performed along with removal of the implants. The current late seroma presentation, which followed 6 years of uneventful healing, was treated with en bloc excision of the encapsulated seroma. Pathology results were concordant with locally invasive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Review of her previous seroma cytology from 6 years ago was performed given the current updated guideline standards on breast implant–associated ALCL (BIA-ALCL). Evidence of BIA-ALCL confirmed the patient had the diagnosis 6 years ago. The disease persisted and remained indolent for 6 years and manifested clinically as a late seroma of the left breast. This case report emphasizes the high degree of suspicion that is required in late seroma cases involving textured breast implants or a history of textured breast implants, along with the need for en bloc capsulectomy as a primary treatment for diagnosed BIA-ALCL to avoid incomplete capsulectomy and recurrence of the disease.
The Impact of Septoplasty on Cardiopulmonary Functions in Patients With Nasal Septal Deviation: A Prospective Comprehensive Analysis of Echocardiographic Outcome and Serum N-Terminal Pro BNP Levels
Authors: Yigit Enes , Manav Ali , Ture Muhammet , Karabag Turgut 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study was designed to evaluate the impact of septoplasty on cardiopulmonary functions in patients with nasal septal deviation (NSD). A total of 30 consecutive adult patients (mean [standard deviation] age: 33.7 [10.9] years, 56.7% were males) who underwent septoplasty due NSD were included. Visual analog scale scores, nose obstruction symptom evaluation scale scores, serum N-terminal Pro BNP levels, and cardiologic examination findings on electrocardiogram, transthoracic echocardiography, and exercise treadmill testing were evaluated both 7 days before and 3-months after septoplasty operation. A significant decrease was noted in mean (standard deviation) visual analog scale scores (8.27 [0.83] versus 1.87 [0.73],P < 0.001), and nose obstruction symptom evaluation scores (83.7 [4.9] versus 12.7 [(5.4],P < 0.001) from preoperative to postoperative period, while maximum effort capacity was improved significantly (11.8 [1.9] versus 13.1 [2.1],P = 0.010) after septoplasty. Echocardiography findings at 3rd postoperative month revealed significant decrease in pulmonary artery systolic pressure (22.2 [3.2] versus 19.0 [3.6],P = 0.001), whereas significant increase in trans-mitral early diastolic rapid filling (Ewave, 0.82 [0.14] versus 0.87 [0.13],P = 0.011), peak systolic velocity (S, 0.11 [0.02] versus 0.12 [0.02],P = 0.002), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (22.6 [3.2] versus 24.9 [2.9],P = 0.002), and right ventricle stroke volume (0.14 [(0.02] versus 0.15 [0.02],P = 0.013). In conclusion, our findings indicate favorable outcome of septoplasty in NSD patients not only in terms of improved nasal airflow but also cardiopulmonary functions, particularly the exercise capacity, pulmonary artery pressure, and right ventricular systolic functions. In this regard, our findings emphasize the important role of treating NSD patients without delay, given the likelihood of septoplasty to reverse the changes in the pulmonary artery system and to prevent onset of permanent cardiopulmonary dysfunction via amelioration of chronic obstruction of the upper respiratory tract.