bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopic Treatment for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome with External Snapping Hip: A Comparison Study of Matched Case Series
Authors: Zhang Shan‐xing , An Ming‐yang , Li Zhong‐li , Wang Zhi‐gang , Liu Yu‐jie , Qi Wei , Li Chun‐bao 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo determine the effectiveness of hip arthroscopy combined with endoscopic iliotibial band (ITB) release in patients with both femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome and external snapping hip (ESH).MethodsRetrospectively review the preoperative and minimum of 2‐year follow‐up data of patients with both FAI syndrome and ESH who underwent endoscopic ITB release during hip arthroscopy (FAI + ESH group) from January 2014 to December 2018. The same number of age‐ and gender‐matched FAI syndrome patients without ESH undergoing hip arthroscopy were enrolled in the control group (FAI group). Patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) including international Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT‐33), modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), visual analog scale for pain (VAS‐pain), and abductive force of affected hip at 3 month and 2 years postoperatively were comparatively analyzed. The VAS‐satisfaction score of two groups at 2 years postoperatively were also analyzed.ResultsThe prevalence of ESH in FAI syndrome patients undergoing hip arthroscopy in our institution was 5.5% (39 of 715 hips), including nine males (10 hips) and 29 females (29 hips). The mean age at the time of surgery was 32.1 ± 6.9 years (range, 22–48 years). According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 patients were enrolled in FAI + ITB group. Twenty‐three age‐ and sex‐matched FAI syndrome patients were enrolled in FAI group. At 24 months postoperatively, no patient still suffered ESH symptoms and painful palpation at lateral region in FAI + ITB group. The iHOT‐33, mHHS, and VAS‐pain score of patients in FAI + ESH group were significantly severer than patients in FAI group preoperatively (41.6 ± 7.5 vs 48.8 ± 7.2, 54.8 ± 7.2 vs 59.2 ± 6.9, 5.5 ± 0.9 vs 4.7 ± 1.0; P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in these scores between the patients in FAI + ESH group and FAI group at 3‐month and 24‐month follow‐up (73.6 ± 8.5 vs 76.1 ± 6.9, 85.3 ± 7.8 vs 84.2 ± 6.6, 0.8 ± 0.9 vs 0.6 ± 0.9; P > 0.05). At 3 months after surgery, the abductive force of operated hip was significantly smaller than that in FAI group (82.4 ± 12.4 N vs 91.9 ± 16.1 N, P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference at 24 months after surgery (101.6 ± 14.9 N vs 106.5 ± 13.7 N, P > 0.05). The VAS‐satisfaction scores of patients in the two groups were at a similarly high level (90.5 ± 6.8 vs 88.8 ± 7.3, P > 0.05). There was no complication and no arthroscopic revision in either group until 2‐year follow‐up.ConclusionAlthough abductive force recovery of the hip was delayed, hip arthroscopy combined with endoscopic ITB release addressed hip snapping in patients with both FAI syndrome and ESH, and could get similar functional improvement, pain relief, recovery speed, as well as patient satisfaction compared with the pure hip arthroscopy in FAI syndrome patients without ESH.
Coronavirus disease 2019 in healthy children: What is the effect of household contact?
Authors: Ustundag Gulnihan , Yilmaz‐Ciftdogan Dilek , Kara‐Aksay Ahu , Sahin Aslihan , Ekemen‐Keles Yildiz , Orsdemir‐Hortu Hacer , Kanik Ali , Yuksel Necmi Can , Arslan Fatma Demet , Yilmaz Nisel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in children is milder than in adults. Household virus exposure may affect clinical severity. We aimed to determine the household contact history of patients and its influence on the clinical stage.MethodsOne hundred and seventy‐three pediatric patients with COVID‐19 as diagnosed with positive real‐time polymerase chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 aged 1 month to 18 years were included. Demographic data, laboratory and clinical findings, and the history of household contact of the patients were obtained. They were classified according to their clinical stage as mild or moderate‐severe.ResultsSixty patients (34.7%) were asymptomatic, and 113 were symptomatic (65.3%). Of the 173 patients, 138 (79.8%) had at least one family member in the household who was diagnosed as having COVID‐19. Hemoglobin, absolute neutrophil count, and absolute neutrophil count /absolute lymphocyte count ratio decreased significantly in patients with household contact. The presence of a household contact did not have a significant effect on the presence of symptoms, clinical course, age, and the sex of the patients. The need for hospitalization was less in the group that had household contact. Being 0–12 months, being female, and being a patient without household contact were independent factors associated with higher hospitalization ratios in logistic regression analysis.ConclusionsIn this study, we found that household contact history did not significantly affect presenting symptoms and clinical course. We detected the rate of hospitalization to be less in the group with only household contact.
Structural injustice
Authors: McKeown Maeve 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe concept of “structural injustice” has a long intellectual lineage, but Iris Marion Young popularised the term in her late work in the 2000s. Young’s theory tapped into the zeitgeist of the time, providing a credible way of thinking about transnational and domestic injustices, illuminating the importance of political, economic and social structures in generating injustice, theorising the role of individuals in perpetuating structural injustice, and the responsibility of everyone to try to correct it. Young’s theory has inspired secondary and novel research. In this paper, I outline the main topics in this recent literature: what structural injustice is, responsibility for structural injustice, acting on responsibility, avoiding responsibility, and historical injustice. I conclude by noting how the influence of structural injustice theory is spreading beyond the confines of political theory. Any field that is concerned with structural inequalities, disadvantage, or oppression, can utilize structural injustice theory.
Oryza sativa,C4HC3‐type really interesting new gene (RING),OsRFPv6, is a positive regulator in response to salt stress by regulating Na+absorption
Authors: Kim Jong Ho , Lim Sung Don , Jang Cheol Seong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSalinity negatively affects plant growth, productivity, and metabolism. Therefore, plants have evolved diverse strategies to survive in saline environments. To identify such strategies involving the ubiquitin/26S proteasome system, we characterized molecular functions of a rice C4HC3 really interesting new gene (RING)‐type E3‐ubiquitin ligase gene.Oryza sativaRING finger protein v6 (OsRFPv6) was highly expressed under conditions of abiotic stress, induced by 100 mM NaCl and 20% PEG. The GFP‐OsRFPv6 protein was localized in the plasma membrane and cytosol in rice protoplasts. In vitro ubiquitin assay revealed that OsRFPv6 possessed E3‐ubiquitin ligase activity, but its variant OsRFPv6C100A did not. OsRFPv6‐overexpressing plants were insensitive to salinity, but their growth was delayed under normal conditions. Under saline conditions, transgenic plants exhibited higher proline, soluble sugar, and chlorophyll content and lower H2O2accumulation than wild‐type plants. Moreover, transgenic plants exhibited lower Na+uptake, lower Na+content, and higher K+content in the xylem sap assay. Under saline conditions, the expression levels of nine Na+/K+transporter genes in roots and leaves were significantly different between transgenic and wild‐type plants. Specifically, under both normal and saline conditions, the expression of OsHKT2;1, a Na+transporter, in the roots of transgenic plants was lower than that in the roots of wild‐type plants. These results suggest that OsRFPv6 E3‐ubiquitin ligase serves as a positive regulator of salinity response via Na+uptake.
Defeat, entrapment, and suicidal ideation: Twelve‐month trajectories
Authors: Höller Inken , Rath Dajana , Teismann Tobias , Glaesmer Heide , Lucht Luise , Paashaus Laura , Schönfelder Antje , Juckel Georg , Forkmann Thomas 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundDefeat and entrapment have been highlighted in the development of suicidal ideation within the Integrated Motivational–Volitional model of suicidal behavior. Research suggests that entrapment has to be differentiated into internal and external entrapment. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between defeat, internal, external entrapment, and suicidal ideation within and prospectively over measurements.MethodsA sample of 308 psychiatric inpatients (53% female) aged 18 to 81 years (M = 36.92, SD = 14.30) was assessed for the four constructs after admission to a psychiatric ward and six, nine, and twelve months later. Multilevel analyses were conducted to examine associations.ResultsDefeat was associated with (a change in) internal and external entrapment. Defeat predicted a change in internal entrapment over time. Defeat and internal, but not external, entrapment were associated with (a change in) suicidal ideation. Internal entrapment was able to predict suicidal ideation. Internal entrapment and defeat predicted a change in suicidal ideation over time.ConclusionResults highlight the importance to distinguish between internal and external entrapment, and their specific association with suicidal ideation. Perceptions of internal entrapment are of central relevance when experiencing suicidal ideation and should be considered in clinical practice.
Painful and provocative events: Determining which events are associated with increased odds of attempting suicide
Authors: Bond Allison E. , Bandel Shelby L. , Daruwala Samantha E. , Anestis Michael D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe present study sought to determine which painful and provocative events differentiated those with suicidal ideation from those who attempted suicide. Additionally, it presents a novel way of utilizing the Painful and Provocative Scale (PPES) by looking at items dichotomously as experienced or not experienced, instead of the frequency at which they are experienced.MethodParticipants (N = 666) were recruited as part of a large online study seeking to understand suicide risk across multiple high‐risk groups (i.e., veterinarians, military service members, transgender individuals, and gun owners) for suicide. Participants in the present study were predominately white, female, and heterosexual.ResultsFirst, the PPES was examined as a dichotomous measure and results indicate that experiencing physical or sexual abuse, tying a noose, using intravenous drugs, or having injuries that required medical attention were associated with greater odds of attempting suicide; shooting a gun was associated with decreased odds. Next, the PPES was examined as a scale measure and findings indicate that increased exposure to rock climbing, experiencing physical or sexual abuse, or using intravenous drug were associated with increased odds of attempting suicide; while increased exposure to shooting a gun was associated with decreased odds.ConclusionsThe present study adds to the literature on the ideation‐to‐action framework and provides evidence considering the frequency of experiences using the Painful and Provocative Event Scale may not provide substantial information beyond dichotomous scoring.
The jasmonoyl‐isoleucine receptor CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 suppresses defense gene expression in Arabidopsis roots independently of its ligand
Authors: Ulrich Louisa , Schmitz Johanna , Thurow Corinna , Gatz Christiane 
Published: June 2021

SummaryThe F‐box protein CORONANTINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1) serves as the receptor for the plant hormone jasmonoyl‐isoleucine (JA‐Ile). COI1, its co‐receptors of the JASMONATE ZIM‐domain (JAZ) protein family, and JA‐Ile form a functional unit that regulates growth or defense mechanisms in response to various stress cues. Strikingly, COI1, but not JA‐Ile, is required for susceptibility of Arabidopsis thaliana towards the soil‐borne vascular pathogen Verticillium longisporum. In order to obtain marker genes for further analysis of this JA‐Ile‐independent COI1 function, transcriptome analysis of roots of coi1 and allene oxide synthase (aos) plants (impaired in JA biosynthesis) was performed. Intriguingly, nearly all of the genes that are differentially expressed in coi1 versus aos and wild type are constitutively more highly expressed in coi1. To support our notion that COI1 acts independently of its known downstream signaling components, coi1 plants were complemented with a COI1 variant (COI1AA) that is compromised in its interaction with JAZs. As expected, these plants showed only weak induction of the expression of the JA‐Ile marker gene VEGETATIVE STORAGE PROTEIN2 after wounding and remained sterile. On the other hand, genes affected by COI1 but not by JA‐Ile were still strongly repressed by COI1AA. We suggest that COI1 has a potential moonlighting function that serves to repress gene expression in a JA‐Ile‐ and JAZ‐independent manner.
The effect of topical ophthalmic proparacaine, fluorescein, and tropicamide on subsequent bacterial cultures in healthy dogs
Authors: Mironovich Melanie A. , Mitchell Maria S. , Liu Chin‐Chi , Carter Renee T. , Lewin Andrew C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether tropicamide, fluorescein, and proparacaine applied topically before sample collection affect the quantity or species of bacteria isolated via aerobic culture.Animals studied12 female adult research beagle cross‐breed dogs.ProceduresA conjunctival swab was taken before and after the sequential application of proparacaine, tropicamide, and fluorescein to the same eye (P/T/F) with a five‐minute gap between medications. Paired swabs were submitted for aerobic culture. Bacterial enumeration was performed using the spread plate method. Following a one‐week washout period, the procedure was repeated using balanced salt solution (BSS). Following a second one‐week washout period, the experiment was repeated using ofloxacin 0.3% solution. Colony counts were compared using one‐way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc comparison. Bacterial species reduction was compared using a Friedman rank test and Dunn's method.ResultsThe bacterial colony count for P/T/F and BSS was significantly higher than the ofloxacin group (p = 0.0052, p = 0.0022). There was no significant difference for colony counts between P/T/F and BSS (p = 0.9295). The most frequently isolated bacteria included: Psychrobacter spp., Staphylococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., and Streptococcus spp. The bacterial species reduction for P/T/F and BSS was significantly lower than for ofloxacin (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0160). There was no significant difference for species reduction between P/T/F and BSS (p = 0.3749).ConclusionsThe application of proparacaine, tropicamide, and fluorescein did not significantly decrease the amount or species of bacteria isolated from the conjunctiva in this canine population. The application of these solutions prior to ocular swab collection in healthy dogs is unlikely to affect subsequent culture results.
The Effects of Reynolds Number on the Stall and Pre-Stall Behavior of Compact Axial Compressors
Authors: Hutchings Jack , A. Hall Cesare 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Compact axial compression systems are of interest to the domestic appliance industry. The associated low Reynolds number leads to high losses compared to large-scale compressors due to a transitional flow field with large regions of separation. This paper investigates how Reynolds number variations affect the three-dimensional and unsteady flow field in a compact compressor both pre-stall and in stall. An experimental study has been conducted using a scaled-up single-stage axial compressor across a Reynolds number range of 104–105. Steady and unsteady casing static pressure measurements, along with rotor upstream and downstream unsteady velocity measurements, have been used to observe the rotor flow field. As the Reynolds number is reduced below a critical value, 60,000 in the case of the compressor studied, the pressure rise coefficient of the compressor rapidly decreases. The exact value of the critical Reynolds number is expected to vary with the compressor geometry. This fall-off in performance corresponds to an increase in the compressor rotor secondary flows. Prior to stall, a broadband hump at around 50% of the blade passing frequency is present in the near-field casing static pressure spectra. At Reynolds numbers below the critical value, multiple equally spaced peaks also appear around the peak of the broadband hump. The spacing of these peaks has been found to be exactly equal to the measured stall cell speed once rotating stall is established. When operating in stall, the stall cell is found to increase in circumferential size and slow down as Reynolds number decreases. The measured spectra and observed flow structures show that disturbances exist prior to stall at frequencies consistent with the frequencies within stall. The size and shape of the stall cells that form are related to the extent of the three-dimensional flow field present prior to stall. Below a critical value, all of these flow features are highly sensitive to Reynolds number.
Barriers to cervical cancer prevention in rural Cameroon: a qualitative study on healthcare providers’ perspective
Authors: Roux Amandine Noemie , Kenfack Bruno , Ndjalla Alexandre , Sormani Jessica , Wisniak Ania , Tatrai Karoline , Vassilakos Pierre , Petignat Patrick , Schmidt Nicole 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveCervical cancer in Cameroon ranks as the second most frequent cancer among women and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, mainly due to the lack of prevention. Our principal objective was to explore potential barriers to an human papillomavirus (HPV)-based cervical cancer screening from a healthcare provider (HCP) perspective in a low-income context. Second, we aimed to explore the acceptability of a single-visit approach using HPV self-sampling.SettingsThe study took place in the District hospital of Dschang, Cameroon.ParticipantsFocus groups (FGs) involved HCPs working in the area of Dschang and Mbouda.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAll FGs were audiorecorded, transcribed and coded independently by two researchers using the ATLAS.ti software. A qualitative methodology was used to capture insights related to the way people perceive their surroundings. Discussion topics focused on perceived barriers, suggestions to improve cervical cancer screening uptake, and acceptability.ResultsA total of 16 HCPs were interviewed between July and August 2019. The identified barriers were (1) lack of basic knowledge on cervical cancer among most women and men and (2) lack of awareness of the role and existence of a screening programme to prevent it. Screening for cervical cancer prevention using HPV self-sampling was considered as an acceptable approach for patients according to HCPs. Traditional chiefs were identified as key entry points to raise awareness because they were perceived as essential to reach not only women, but also their male partners.ConclusionsAwareness campaigns about cervical cancer, its prevention and the availability of the screening programmes are crucial. Furthermore, involving male partners, as well as key community leaders or institutions was identified as a key strategy to encourage participation in the cervical cancer screening programme.Trial registrationEthical Cantonal Board of Geneva, Switzerland (CCER, N°2017-0110 and CER-amendment n°2) and Cameroonian National Ethics Committee for Human Health Research (N°2018/07/1083/CE/CNERSH/SP).
Neurobiology Youth Follow-up Study: protocol to establish a longitudinal and prospective research database using multimodal assessments for current and past mental health treatment-seeking young people within an early intervention service
Authors: Nichles Alissa , Zmicerevska Natalia , Song Yun Ju Christine , Wilson Chloe , McHugh Catherine , Hamilton Blake , Crouse Jacob , Rohleder Cathrin , Carpenter Joanne Sarah , Ho Nicholas , Hermens Daniel F , Wray Naomi , Scott Jan , Merikangas Kathleen R , Leweke F Markus , Koethe Dagmar , Iorfino Frank , Naismith Sharon L , Guastella Adam J , Scott Elizabeth M , Hickie Ian B 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionApproximately 75% of major mental illness occurs before the age of 25 years. Despite this, our capacity to provide effective, early and personalised interventions is limited by insufficient evidence for characterising early-stage, and less specific, presentations of major mental disorders in youth populations. This article describes the protocol for setting up a large-scale database that will collect longitudinal, prospective data that incorporate clinical, social and occupational function, neuropsychological, circadian, metabolic, family history and genetic metrics. By collecting data in a research-purposed, standardised manner, the ‘Neurobiology Youth Follow-up Study’ should improve identification, characterisation and profiling of youth attending mental healthcare, to better inform diagnosis and treatment at critical time points. The overall goal is enhanced long-term clinical and functional outcomes.Methods and analysisThis longitudinal clinical cohort study will invite participation from youth (12–30 years) who seek help for mental health-related issues at an early intervention service (headspace Camperdown) and linked services. Participants will be prospectively tracked over 3 years with a series of standardised multimodal assessments at baseline, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months. Evaluations will include: (1) clinician-administered and self-report assessments determining clinical stage, pathophysiological pathways to illness, diagnosis, symptomatology, social and occupational function; (2) neuropsychological profile; (3) sleep–wake patterns and circadian rhythms; (4) metabolic markers and (5) genetics. These data will be used to: (1) model the impact of demographic, phenomenological and treatment variables, on clinical and functional outcomes; (2) map neurobiological profiles and changes onto a transdiagnostic clinical stage and pathophysiological mechanisms framework.Ethics and disseminationThis study protocol has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Sydney Local Health District (2020/ETH01272, protocol V.1.3, 14 October 2020). Research findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and presentations at scientific conferences and to user and advocacy groups. Participant data will be de-identified.