bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A longitudinal investigation of Aβ, anxiety, depression, and mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Pink Anna , Krell‐Roesch Janina , Syrjanen Jeremy A. , Vassilaki Maria , Lowe Val J. , Vemuri Prashanthi , Stokin Gorazd B. , Christianson Teresa J. , Kremers Walter K. , Jack Clifford R. , Knopman David S. , Petersen Ronald C. , Geda Yonas E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe investigated the longitudinal relationship between cortical amyloid deposition, anxiety, and depression and the risk of incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI).MethodsWe followed 1440 community‐dwelling, cognitively unimpaired individuals aged ≥ 50 years for a median of 5.5 years. Clinical anxiety and depression were assessed using Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories (BAI, BDI‐II). Cortical amyloid beta (Aβ) was measured by Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography (PiB‐PET) and elevated deposition (PiB+) was defined as standardized uptake value ratio ≥ 1.48. We calculated Cox proportional hazards models with age as the time scale, adjusted for sex, education, and medical comorbidity.ResultsCortical Aβ deposition (PiB+) independent of anxiety (BAI ≥ 10) or depression (BDI‐II ≥ 13) increased the risk of MCI. There was a significant additive interaction between PiB+ and anxiety (joint effect hazard ratio 6.77; 95% confidence interval 3.58–12.79; P = .031) that is, being PiB+ and having anxiety further amplified the risk of MCI.DiscussionAnxiety modified the association between PiB+ and incident MCI.
DBS of Thalamic Centromedian Nucleus for Lennox–Gastaut Syndrome (ESTEL Trial)
Authors: Dalic Linda J. , Warren Aaron E. L. , Bulluss Kristian J. , Thevathasan Wesley , Roten Annie , Churilov Leonid , Archer John S. 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivePrior uncontrolled studies have reported seizure reductions following deep brain stimulation (DBS) in patients with Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS), but evidence from randomized controlled studies is lacking. We aimed to formally assess the efficacy and safety of DBS to the centromedian thalamic nucleus (CM) for the treatment of LGS.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, double‐blind, randomized study of continuous, cycling stimulation of CM‐DBS, in patients with LGS. Following pre‐ and post‐implantation periods, half received 3 months of stimulation (blinded phase), then all received 3 months of stimulation (unblinded phase). The primary outcome was the proportion of participants with ≥50% reduction in diary‐recorded seizures in stimulated versus control participants, measured at the end of the blinded phase. A secondary outcome was the proportion of participants with a ≥50% reduction in electrographic seizures on 24‐hour ambulatory electroencephalography (EEG) at the end of the blinded phase.ResultsBetween November 2017 and December 2019, 20 young adults with LGS (17–37 years;13 women) underwent bilateral CM‐DBS at a single center in Australia, with 19 randomized (treatment, n = 10 and control, n = 9). Fifty percent of the stimulation group achieved ≥50% seizure reduction, compared with 22% of controls (odds ratio [OR] = 3.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.44–21.45, p = 0.25). For electrographic seizures, 59% of the stimulation group had ≥50% reduction at the end of the blinded phase, compared with none of the controls (OR= 23.25, 95% CI = 1.0–538.4, p = 0.05). Across all patients, median seizure reduction (baseline vs study exit) was 46.7% (interquartile range [IQR] = 28–67%) for diary‐recorded seizures and 53.8% (IQR = 27–73%) for electrographic seizures.InterpretationCM‐DBS in patients with LGS reduced electrographic rather than diary‐recorded seizures, after 3 months of stimulation. Fifty percent of all participants had diary‐recorded seizures reduced by half at the study exit, providing supporting evidence of the treatment effect. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:253–267
Combination of liquid crystal and deep learning reveals distinct signatures of Parkinson's disease‐related wild‐type α‐synuclein and six pathogenic mutants
Authors: Yang Xiuxiu , Zhao Xiaofang , Zhao Hansen , Liu Fengwei , Zhang Sichun , Zhang Claire Xi , Yang Zhongqiang 
Published: December 2021

Abstractα‐Synuclein is a central player in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology. Various point mutations in α‐synuclein have been identified to alter the protein‐phospholipid binding behavior and cause PD. Therefore, exploration of α‐synuclein‐phospholipid interaction is important for understanding the PD pathogenesis and helping the early diagnosis of PD. Herein, a phospholipid‐decorated liquid crystal (LC)‐aqueous interface is constructed to investigate the binding between α‐synucleins (wild‐type and six familial mutant A30P, E46K, H50Q, G51D, A53E and A53T) and phospholipid. The application of deep learning analyzes and reveals distinct LC signatures generated by the binding of α‐synuclein and phospholipid. This system allows for the identification of single point mutant α‐synucleins with an average accuracy of 98.3±1.3% in a fast and efficient manner. We propose that this analytical methodology provides a new platform to understand α‐synuclein‐lipid interactions, and can be potentially developed for easy identification of α‐synuclein mutations in common clinic.
Cloning and sequence analysis of a serine protease gene from Rhizoctonia solani Kühn AG5
Authors: Ma Jing , Yang Xiling , Fan Wenyan , Zhao Changjiang , Li Wenshuai , Zhou Di , Jiang Shujun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe present study aimed to identify the subtilisin‐like proteases (SLPs) of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn potentially involved in the virulence of this phytopathogenic fungus, which has 14 anastomosis groups (AGs) responsible for many crop diseases. Through mycelial microscope observation and strain identification of pathogenic fungus MS‐3, it was determined to be R. solani AG‐5. Both 5ʹ and 3′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends were used to clone the serine protease gene RsSLP from R. solani AG‐5. The full‐length obtained for RsSLP was 1714 bp with an open reading frame of 1587 bp, encoding a protein of 528 amino acids with a molecular mass of 55.8 kDa. This protein contained a predicted signal peptide for secretion but lacked a transmembrane domain or membrane anchor site. Bioinformatics analysis identified this protein as a serine protease with the Peptidase_S8 and Inhibitor_I9 characteristic domains of SLPs. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that frequent gene duplications of the SLPs occurred in R. solani (RsSLP), and RsSLP shares characteristic sequence features with virulence factors of other phytopathogenic fungi. Because the secretory serine protease RsSLP from R. solani AG5 is similar to the virulence factors of other phytopathogenic fungi, its identification will be helpful in studies considering the roles of these proteases in pathogen virulence.
Exploring the relationship between genotype and phenotype using yeast alcohol dehydrogenase 1
Authors: Krzysiak Amanda , Doyle Caroline , Huff Mary O. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractProject‐based (research‐driven) laboratory courses stimulate student involvement, improve critical thinking and initiate cooperative learning. To this end, a 7‐week laboratory project was designed for a sophomore cell biology course to reinforce the fundamental relationship between genotype and phenotype using yeast alcohol dehydrogenase I (ADH1). Working in pairs, students used site‐directed mutagenesis to create a H44R mutation in the ADH1 gene sequence inserted into a YEp13 shuttle vector. These plasmids were propagated in E. coli, sequenced, and reintroduced into a yeast strain expressing no ADH1 activity. The growth patterns on selective media were determined. As the mutation allows for growth in the presence of allyl alcohol, students make the connection between DNA sequence and protein function. Student performance was assessed with pre‐ and post‐tests, with improvement observed across all learning objectives. In addition to meeting the learning outcomes, 98% of the students thought that this experience allowed them to see how the scientific process can encompass multiple techniques to answer a single question. Eighty‐four percent of the students thought that this experience was more engaging than other lab experiences they have had. Our multi‐week laboratory examining the phenotypic changes in yeast alcohol metabolism successfully developed students' understanding of the scientific process, knowledge of molecular techniques and the relationship of gene sequence to protein function in an engaging manner.
A facile and sensitive HPLC–MS/MS method for quantification of 3,3′‐diindolylmethane in plasma samples
Authors: Lakeev Alexander P. , Yanovskaya Elena A. , Tsuran Daria V. , Bryushinina Olga S. , Abdrashitova Natalia Yu. , Zyuz'kova Yulia G. , Udut Vladimir V. , Kiselev Vsevolod I. , Kuznetsov Igor N. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIndole‐3‐carbinol is the subject of ongoing biomedical research owing to its potential antiatherogenic, anticarcinogenic and antioxidant effects. The antitumor properties are mainly associated with its major metabolite, i.e. 3,3′‐diindolylmethane (DIM). Typically, the biological activity of the chemical compound is manifested in the ng/ml concentration range. Consequently, the development of highly sensitive analytical methods to determine DIM in various biological samples is an urgent issue. In this study, an HPLC–MS/MS method was established for the quantification of DIM in human plasma. The developed method was validated according to the European Medicines Agency guidelines. Sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy and precision were good, allowing DIM quantification in the concentration range of 5–500 ng/ml. The limit of detection and the lower limit of quantification were 1 and 5 ng/ml, respectively. 4‐Methoxy‐1‐methylindole was used as an internal standard (IS). The analytes were extracted from the human plasma by the acetonitrile‐induced protein precipitation method with the addition of 3 mol/L ammonium sulfate as a salting‐out agent, which is a facile and efficient approach for high‐throughput bioanalysis. The chromatographic separation was performed on the Synergi Fusion‐RP C18 column (50 × 2.0 mm, 4 μm, 80 Å) under isocratic elution at 40°C. The mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water (0.1% formic acid; 85:15, v/v) was delivered at a flow rate of 0.20 ml/min. DIM and the IS were eluted at 2.36 ± 0.04 and 2.43 ± 0.03 min, respectively. The total analysis time was 3.20 min. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization was carried out using multiple reaction monitoring in the positive polarity mode. The ion transitions were set to m/z 247.1 → 130.1 (DIM) and 162.1 → 147.1 (IS). The method was successfully applied to the analysis of plasma samples after a single oral administration of the Indinol® Forto drug (200 mg) to healthy female Russian volunteers. Also, the developed method was used for the analysis of rabbit plasma samples after a single oral dose of DIM (20 mg/kg).
Catalytic Activities of Low‐Coordinated Ce for Methane Conversion
Authors: Zhou Hui , Wu Xin‐Ping , Gong Xue‐Qing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn heterogeneous catalysis, the catalytic activity of an active center strongly correlates with its coordination number. In this work, density functional theory calculations corrected by on‐site Coulomb interactions were conducted to investigate the catalytic performances of the CeO4‐terminated reconstructed CeO2(100) (CeO4‐t) and the Ca‐doped CeO4‐t surfaces. The undoped CeO4‐t surface contains single 4‐fold coordinated Ce (Ce4c) sites on its top surface layer, and the Ca‐doped CeO4‐t surface can expose even lower‐coordinated 3‐fold Ce (Ce3c) sites. We found that the empty 4f states of the single Ce3c sites on the Ca‐doped CeO4‐t surface have much lower energies than that of the single Ce4c sites on the undoped CeO4‐t surface, which can effectively boost the reduction of Ce4+ to Ce3+. We further studied the selective oxidation of CH4 to CH3OH on the two surfaces and found that the isolated nature combined with the strong electron‐reservoir character of the single Ce3c site makes it highly desirable for the selective activation of the first C−H bond of CH4, while the subsequent C−H bond cleavage step is less affected by such low‐coordinated Ce and the CH3OH formation becomes more facile on the Ca‐doped CeO4‐t surface, giving rise to the high activity and selectivity of the Ca‐doped CeO4‐t surface toward the selective oxidation of CH4 to CH3OH.
Conducting Polymer‐Based Hybrid Electrochemical Capacitor Utilizing Potassium Iodide Redox Electrolyte with Controlled Self‐Discharge
Authors: Skunik‐Nuckowska Magdalena , Lubera Justyna , Rączka Patryk , Mroziewicz Aleksandra A. , Dyjak Sławomir , Kulesza Pawel J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper reports on the application of poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/carbon nanotubes (PEDOT/CNT) material for the construction of a hybrid supercapacitor utilizing iodide redox‐active electrolyte. To address the advantages in terms of electrochemical performance, comparison has been made to the system using conventional activated carbon (AC) electrodes. Despite limited specific surface area of the polymer‐based material, the PEDOT/CNT cell demonstrates reasonably high electrical parameters (vs. highly porous AC), especially those normalized per volume or total mass of the device. Interestingly, it also exhibits more stable self‐discharge characteristics over operation time which shall be assigned to smaller fraction of free polyiodides generated in the cell in the presence of the low‐surface‐area polymer electrode, in addition to their strong confinement in the polymer network, thus suppressing redox‐shuttling. Pursuing the mechanistic studies, we have managed to detect (using the electrocatalytic WO3‐based voltammetric probe) the presence of undesirable iodates but at lower concentrations in a case of the PEDOT/CNT‐based capacitor.
Recent Advances in Prescribing Chiral Plasmonics with DNA Frameworks
Authors: Hou Xiaoling , Zhang Yinan , Shi Jiye , Wang Lihua , Liu Huajie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractChiral phenomena are extremely common in nature. Moreover, plasmonic metal nanostructures with chiral optical responsive characteristics in the visible range play a vital role in numerous aspects. The development of DNA self‐assembly technology makes DNA frameworks extraordinarily suitable for nano‐construction with unparalleled arbitrariness and complexity. As an addressable platform, DNA frameworks can be used to construct various chiral plasmonic nanostructures. Over the decades, DNA framework‐enabled chiral plasmonics based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and gold nanorods (AuNRs) have been studied since they can endow DNA‐directed nanostructures with tailored optical functionalities. In recent years, with the rapid development of DNA nanotechnology, the research field of prescribing chiral plasmonics with DNA frameworks has been extended to dynamic plasmonic fabrications, DNA metallization enabled structures and novel nanostructures with a diversity of materials and geometries, and fruitful results have been achieved. In this review, we summarized the development of a variety of chiral plasmonic nanostructures prescribed by DNA frameworks, and presented the recent advances in this booming research field.
Edoxaban Exposure in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Estimated Creatinine Clearance Exceeding 100 mL/min
Authors: Yin Ophelia , Kakkar Tarundeep , Duggal Anil , Kotsuma Masakatsu , Shi Minggao , Lanz Hans , Grosso Michael A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEdoxaban 60 mg is approved for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) not fulfilling any dose‐reduction criteria. As edoxaban is partially renally cleared (≈50%), this study compared pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics of edoxaban 60 mg once daily with edoxaban 75 mg once daily in patients with AF with high renal clearance (creatinine clearance > 100 mL/min) over 12 months. Primary PK and pharmacodynamics end points were plasma edoxaban exposure and anti–factor Xa (FXa) concentration. A population PK model estimated edoxaban exposure at steady state. Efficacy and safety outcomes included composites of stroke, transient ischemic attack, systemic embolism, and major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding. Of 607 patients, 303 and 304 were randomized to edoxaban 60 and 75 mg, respectively. Edoxaban 75 mg provided ≈25% higher exposure than 60 mg. This increase was accurately depicted in the population PK model; anti–factor Xa concentration correlated with edoxaban exposure. Rates of composite and individual outcomes were similarly low between doses. In conclusion, the 25% increase in edoxaban dose (60‐75 mg) resulted in ≈25% exposure increase in the 75‐mg group. Higher exposure was not associated with reduced stroke risk in patients with AF with high renal clearance.
Subtle mistakes in self‐report surveys predict future transition to dementia
Authors: Schneider Stefan , Junghaenel Doerte U. , Zelinski Elizabeth M. , Meijer Erik , Stone Arthur A. , Langa Kenneth M. , Kapteyn Arie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe investigate whether indices of subtle reporting mistakes derived from responses in self‐report surveys are associated with dementia risk.MethodsWe examined 13,831 participants without dementia from the prospective, population‐based Health and Retirement Study (mean age 69 ± 10 years, 59% women). Participants’ response patterns in 21 questionnaires were analyzed to identify implausible responses (multivariate outliers), incompatible responses (Guttman errors), acquiescent responses, random errors, and the proportion of skipped questions. Subsequent incident dementia was determined over up to 10 years of follow‐up.ResultsDuring follow‐up, 2074 participants developed dementia and 3717 died. Each of the survey response indices was associated with future dementia risk controlling for confounders and accounting for death as a competing risk. Stronger associations were evident for participants who were younger and cognitively normal at baseline.DiscussionMistakes in the completion of self‐report surveys in longitudinal studies may be early indicators of dementia among middle‐aged and older adults.
Electrochemical Characterization of the Repurposed Antimicrobial Compound Auranofin in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Yossief Melak , Singh Vikram , Maydaniuk Dustin , Cardona Silvia , Kuss Sabine 
Published: December 2021

AbstractElectrochemical sensors are gaining attention for the detection and quantification of pharmaceuticals in the environment. To that end, there is an interest in understanding the electrochemical characteristics of drugs. Herein, the multi‐purpose drug auranofin is investigated for the first time in aqueous media. This compound offers therapeutic benefits in strains of cancer, parasites, bacteria and fungi, which have grown immune to many antibiotics. Auranofin detection was optimized at carbon black‐modified electrodes. Voltammetry provides information about redox potentials, levels of detection and quantification, and pH dependence. Parameters identified in this study will be useful for auranofin sensing in environmental samples, and for studies related to drug resistance.
The direct and indirect effects of bioactive compounds against coronavirus
Authors: Tomas Merve , Capanoglu Esra , Bahrami Akbar , Hosseini Hamed , Akbari‐Alavijeh Safoura , Shaddel Rezvan , Rehman Abdur , Rezaei Atefe , Rashidinejad Ali , Garavand Farhad , Goudarzi Mostafa , Jafari Seid Mahdi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEmerging viruses are known to pose a threat to humans in the world. COVID‐19, a newly emerging viral respiratory disease, can spread quickly from people to people via respiratory droplets, cough, sneeze, or exhale. Up to now, there are no specific therapies found for the treatment of COVID‐19. In this sense, the rising demand for effective antiviral drugs is stressed. The main goal of the present study is to cover the current literature about bioactive compounds (e.g., polyphenols, glucosinolates, carotenoids, minerals, vitamins, oligosaccharides, bioactive peptides, essential oils, and probiotics) with potential efficiency against COVID‐19, showing antiviral activities via the inhibition of coronavirus entry into the host cell, coronavirus enzymes, as well as the virus replication in human cells. In turn, these compounds can boost the immune system, helping fight against COVID‐19. Overall, it can be concluded that bioactives and the functional foods containing these compounds can be natural alternatives for boosting the immune system and defeating coronavirus.
Novel EWSR1::UBP1 fusion expands the spectrum of spindle cell rhabdomyosarcomas
Authors: El Zein Sophie , Djeroudi Lounes , Reynaud Stéphanie , Guillemot Delphine , Masliah‐Planchon Julien , Frouin Eléonore , Nicolas Nayla , Le Loarer François , Daniel Catherine , Delattre Olivier , Pierron Gaëlle , Watson Sarah 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOver the last decade, the development of next‐generation sequencing techniques has led to the molecular dismantlement of adult and pediatric sarcoma, with the identification of multiple gene fusions associated with specific subtypes and currently integrated into diagnostic classifications. In this report, we describe and discuss the identification of a novel EWSR1‐UBP1 gene fusion in an adult patient presenting with multi‐metastatic sarcoma. Extensive pathological, transcriptomic, and genomic characterization of this tumor in comparison with a cohort of different subtypes of pediatric and adult sarcoma revealed that this fusion represents a novel variant of spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma with features of TFCP2‐rearranged subfamily.
Ambulatory care pharmacy in Saudi Arabia; definition, history, present, future potentials, and expected challenges
Authors: Alshaya Omar A. , Arab Omaima Osama , Alhifany Abdullah A. , Alhossan Abdulaziz , Alomar Mukhtar , Alqahtani Abdulaziz G. , Almolaiki Maha A. , Mubarki Sultan , Alruwaisan Rana , Alturaiki Abdulrahman , Alzuman Sitah , Alsaqer Ahmed Ibrahim , Korayem Ghazwa B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroduction: The ambulatory care pharmacy practice in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is a fairly new but evolving specialty that has provided patient‐centered care in various clinics over the past 20 years. It mainly resembles the United States in its structure and provides its services to patients mostly free of charge. The Saudi Vision 2030 and the new transformation in its health care system present many opportunities for ambulatory care clinical pharmacists with some expected challenges.Method: This is a review written by a group of experts under the Saudi Society of Clinical Pharmacy umbrella propose a definition and comprehensively review the history of ambulatory care pharmacy practice in KSA, the currently available services, potential future opportunities, and expected challenges.Results: The expert's insight would support the ambulatory care pharmacy practice in KSA, evaluate the need to expand its services, define its role, and suggest set requirements for pharmacists to be eligible to provide ambulatory care pharmacy services.Conclusion: The position statement recommendations may help legislative bodies provide a more explicit explanation of ambulatory care pharmacy services in KSA to build a more robust base structure for such services.