bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Intraocular Pressure Study among Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients
Authors: Jatoi Asadullah , Shaikh Noman Ahmed , Mahesar Mona Liza 
Published: December 2021

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the major health issues in the world. Its microvascular complications contribute to ocular complications including increased intraocular pressure (IOP) which is a risk factor of glaucoma. Identification of factors responsible for glaucoma is a mainstay in the early detection and prevention of blindness.
Aim and Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare IOP among diabetic and non-diabetic patients and to assess the correlation between age and IOP.
Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was performed on 104 participants. Patients were divided into two groups based on diabetes (case, n = 52) and non-diabetes (control, n = 52). The detailed history and routine clinical investigations were performed. Three consecutive readings of IOP of the left and right eye were recorded separately using Goldmann applanation tonometer. Wilcox sign-rank test and Spearman-correlation test was used to find the difference between the IOP and correlation between age and IOP, respectively.
Results: A significantly higher IOP was observed in diabetic patients than non-diabetic patients. (0.0001). There was no sex difference in IOP was observed in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Age of the patient was not correlated with IOP (r = –0.02197219, P = 0.824).
Conclusion: Diabetic patients are prone to higher IOP; therefore, diabetic patients should be regularly assessed for IOP for diagnosis glaucoma.
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Case Report
Authors: Patel Aditya , Gujar Samrudhi , Pohekar Savita , Ankar Ruchira , Raut Arati , Sakharkar Sheetal , Tembhare Vaishali , Wagh Pranali 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Hodgkin's and non-lymphomas Hodgkin's are malignant tumours of lymphoid tissue. Non-lymphomas Hodgkin's are a type of lymphoid tissue cancers that arise from T or B cells or their progenitors, and can be indolent or aggressive. B-cell lymphomas account for around 80% of all cases in the United States. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma are all examples of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Non-Lymphoma Hodgkin's is the sixth most prevalent malignancy in the United States, with incidence rates nearly doubling in the last 35 years. With each decade of life, the incidence rises; the median age upon diagnosis is 66. In India, the incidence rates in urban regions are many times higher than in rural areas, with the incidence being higher in metropolitan cities and among Indian immigrants, implying that urban lifestyles and economic advancement may boost cancer incidence. In 2010, NHL was projected to have caused roughly 0.36 million new cases and 0.19 million deaths.
Case Presentation: A male patient of Two and half years from Shiwangaon MO, was admitted to Paediatric Ward, AVBRH on 31st May, 2021 with a known case of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma which was diagnosed itself at AVBRH on 31st May,2021. My patient was brought with a chief complain of swelling in the testicular region for 6 days. As narrated by the patient’s father, my patient was apparently alright 6 months back and then patient develop swelling in temporal region suddenly, associated with pain on touch, as the swelling develops more and uncomfortable, patient was brought immediately to AVBRH and was admitted in Paediatric Ward for further investigation.
The Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique in Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis
Authors: Afzal Farjad , Rasul Akhtar , Javed Muhammad Shahid , Qamar Muhammad Mustafa , Mushtaq Bushra , Kayani Muhammad Fahad , Afreen Sehar , Naqvi Sidra Ali , Arif Muhammad 
Published: December 2021

Objective: The objective of study was to find the effectiveness of muscle energy techniques (METs) in patients with adhesive capsulitis.
Methodology: Study was conducted in population of Sargodha seeking physiotherapy treatment for adhesive capsulitis in physiotherapy rehabilitation departments and centers. Study was randomized, controlled and multicenter. 50 patients were selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria and were divided into two groups by lottery method of randomization. Group I obtained muscle energy technique. Group II was controlled that obtained conventional treatment in the form of heat and range of motion exercises. Duration of study was 06 month. Interventions were carried out for two weeks (total 10 sessions). A baseline measurement was taken on shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI). A post intervention measurement was taken on same outcome measurements tools and was compared by independent t test.
Results: The pre intervention measurements on Shoulder Pain Disability Index were 61.11 in control and 61.18 in METs group. The post intervention measurements on Shoulder Pain Disability Index were 49.33in control and 27.69 in METs group.
Conclusion: This study concluded that METs techniques are effective in treatment of adhesive capsulitis to decrease the pain and disability in comparison to control groups.
Effects of Leishmania Species on Immune Response against Malaria Parasite in Malaria Leishmania Coinfections
Authors: Hamad Mosab Nouraldein Mohammed , Noor Sufian Khalid M. , Kashif Awadalla H. , Eltayeb Mohammed Medani , Alotaibi Bader Saud , Popova Elizabeth , Hassan Shafie Abdulkadir , Salih Yassin Bakri , Elhossin Yassin Saad , Elfaki Tarig Mohammed , Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed Ibrahim 
Published: December 2021

Both malaria and leishmania are most widespread protozoon parasitic diseases, certainly in tropical countries of the world. Malaria leishmania coinfection is common in leishmaniasis endemic areas which is mostly endemic to malaria too.
Researchers notice that in cases of malaria leishmania coinfection , leishmania species find the some extent the outcome of malaria infection , but also behavior of malaria parasite species play a significant role to figure the consequences of it. While L. donovani protect from severe malaria complications by suppression of major histocompatibility class Ⅱ , so it diminish the clinical severity of malaria but not malaria parasite density due to dysfunction of major histocompatibility class I, which controlled by suppressed one, In another side L. mexicana tends to sequester in macrophages and lead to severe clinical outcomes when it coexisted with malaria parasite at same host. Experimental studies required to know more information about coinfection of different malaria and leishmania species to establish clinical research.
Leishmania infection excluded when studies aim to assess the immune response to only malaria parasite, experimental studies required involving different species of malaria and leishmania.
Case Report on Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: Moon Saloni , Gomase Kavita 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Sickle cell anemia is a kind of anemia caused by a virus a homozygous HbS mutation (HbSS). Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a congenital blood illness that has an impact children. It is inherited from a parent’s DNA. SCD patients produce an abnormal kind of hemoglobin. This is the oxygen-transporting protein found in red blood cells. SCD causes a lack of oxygen in organs and tissues of the body.
Clinical Findings: Fever, Cough and cold, pain in lower extremities, Bodyache , Fatigue and Anemia (6.3 gm/).
Diagnostic Evaluation: Blood test: Hb -6.3gm%, Total RBC count -2.2millions/cu mm, RDW- 18.2%, HCT-20.2%, Total WBC count 3000/cu mm, Monocytes 02%, Granulocytes 20%, Lymphocytes 77%, AST(SGOT) – 110 UL.
Peripheral Smear: RBC mild hypochromic with mild cytosis which show few microcytic and mildly Hypochromic. Platelets – Reduced on smear, APC -60,000 cells.
Ultrasonography: Splenomegaly.
Therapeutic Interventions: Blood transfusion, Inj. Cefotaxime 750 mg IV x BD, Syr. Azee 4ml x OD, Tab. Folic Acid 5 mg x OD, Tab. Udiliv 150mg x BD, Cap. Hydra 500 mg x OD.
Outcome: After treatment, the child show improvement. His fever and body ache, cough and cold fatigue and pain in hands and leg were relieved and his Hb% increased from 6.4 gm% to 11 gm% after blood transfusion.
Conclusion: My patient was admitted to Pediatric Ward No- 22 in AVBRH with a known case of SCA kind of anemia a body in which he had complaint fever and body ache, cough and cold fatigue and pain in hands and leg. After getting appropriate treatment his condition was improved.
Breast Cancer Screening Awareness, Practice and Knowledge among Women Attending Out Patient in Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Lathishna A. G. , Kamal V. Shruthi 
Published: December 2021

Background: The second most common cancer in the world among women is breast cancer. The survival rate can be increased by early detection and treatment.
Objectives: To assess the knowledge about breast cancer screening methods among women attending outpatient setup.
Materials and Methods: A semi structured pretested questionnaire was distributed to 200 women attending outpatient setup. The questionnaire contained information of their demographic details, questions about knowledge on symptoms, risk factors, screening methods and management outcomes of breast cancer.
Results: The most marked result is that 71.5% women were aware of the fact that mammography detects breast cancer in early stages. A fair percentage of 68.3% women agreed that breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women.
Conclusion: Awareness about breast cancer screening methods and treatment would enhance early detection and reduces the mortality rate.
Prevalence of Hypodontia in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Digital Orthopantomographic Study
Authors: Qutub Osama Ahmed , Binmahfooz Abdulelah , Abuzinadah Samar Hatem , Basunbul Ghadeer I. , Abualsaud Reem , Attar Esraa Ahmed Abdulghafour , Alzahrani Khames T. , Algthaiae Mohammed , Algahtani Abdullah , Alhaddad Abdulrahman Jafar 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Hypodontia or Dental agenesis; is defined as a developmental missing of any teeth, excluding the last molars. It may befall as a genetic syndrome or as a non-syndromic isolated trait. However, there is no prevalence available in our city.
Aim and Objectives: The tenacity of this research is to assess the frequency of hypodontia among the population who received dental care at King Abdul Aziz University Dental Hospital in the city of Jeddah.
Study Design: Retrospective digital orthopantomographic: cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontic Department, King Abdulaziz University, between January 2019 and July 2020.
Methodology: This research is a retrospective cross-sectional study based on the examination of an archival dental record and 2D panoramic radiographs of patients who are presented at King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, Jeddah. A total of 2045 records were reviewed and included in this study. Two general practitioners reviewed patient’s dental charts looking for congenital missing tooth/teeth in a dark room by the method that the practitioners use. Careful reviews of each patient’s record were done to ensure that the cause of the missing tooth/teeth were congenital and not surgical or traumatic. Data were gathered from dental records of patients’ age period 6-9 years since most of the dental follicle of the permanent teeth should be completed or the tooth just erupts, radiographic findings were always compared to the patients’ file and progress notes to ensure the causative factors of missing teeth. The data were recorded in an excel sheet which included gender, age, the type, area and counting of the missing teeth.
Results: After collecting the data, the total number of patients after exclusion were 1984. The prevalence of hypodontia in our tested population was %5.39. Statistical analysis were done by using SPSS software to correlate between variables. Varices grades.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study our data shows that the most common congenitally tooth agenesis is the second premolar %47.6 and the second most common congenitally missing tooth is lateral incisor %18.6.
Prevalence of Coronary Heart Diseases Risk Factors among Healthcare Male Students in KSAU-HS Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Elneama Awadelkarim Abdulla , Omair Aamir , Alharbi Abdullah Abdulhadi , Alhabbad Alhommedi Shaker , Alshehri Raed Awadh , Alqarni Talal Abdullah 
Published: December 2021

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a condition in which plaque builds up on the inner walls of coronary arteries and can lead to blood clot formation. It is the leading cause of death worldwide. Developing coronary heart disease takes long period and its risk factors can be found in young people.
Objectives: Study of risk factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done at King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University in Riyadh. Non-probability convenience sampling was used to select 151 health care students. The data was collected through questionnaire and physical measurements. The data was entered and analyzed by SPSS.
Results: More than half of the students eat fruits one or less time per week which accounts for 53.6%. Moreover, 28.5% of them eat vegetables one time or less per week. Regarding healthy food containing healthy fat such as fish, 76.2% of the students include healthy fat food in their diet more than two times per week. The percentage of those who eat fast food and consume soft drinks is 80.8% and 70.2% more than two times per week respectively. Furthermore, the percentage of the students who are smokers, either currently or occasionally is 49%. Concerning physical activity, 31.3% of the students exercise more than two times weekly, and only 7.3% of the students watch TV more than four hours per day. On the other hand, the majority which accounts for 54.3% of the students use computer, laptop, or tablet more than four hours per day. Regarding premature CAD, 3.3% of the students reported positive and 16.2% of them reported positive for CHD family history. Finally, 1.3% of the found to have DM.
Fighting Covid-19 with the Help of Alkaline Diet
Authors: Khandar Jaya , Sawarkar Achita , Shambharkar Madhuri , Kolhekar Sonali , Meshram Khushbu , Sakharkar Sheetal , Tembhare Vaishali , Pohekar Savita 
Published: December 2021

The relative acidity or alkalinity of all substances in nature can be categorised. The term acid is derived from the Latin word "acidus," that is to state "to eat."" which meaning "sour or tangy." Several of them the typical substances that are acidic we come into touch with have these characteristics, such as salad dressing vinegar, Beverages, which contain phosphoric acid and carbon dioxide, and black tea, which contains tannic acid, all contain acetic acid. Grapefruits, oranges, lemons, and limes contain citric acid, while grapes have tartaric acid.
The acid-alkaline diet, or alkaline ash diet, is another name for the alkaline diet. Food is divided into three groups in the alkaline diet: acidic, neutral, and alkaline. Red meat, poultry, fish, chocolate, wheat, and alcohol are all acidic foods. Natural fats such as butter, most oils, milk, and cream are all included in neutral meals. Foods that are alkaline make up the majority of fruits and vegetables.
Are mindful people less involved in online trolling? A moderated mediation model of perceived social media fatigue and moral disengagement
Authors: Wu Biyun , Li Fang , Zhou Li , Liu Mingfan , Geng Fulei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOnline trolling is aggressive online behavior that has severe consequences for the mental health of internet users. Online trolling can be influenced by personal factors and psychological states. Based on the General Aggression Model, moral disengagement was examined as a moderator of the direct and indirect relations between mindfulness and online trolling via social media fatigue. A total of 1123 college students completed questionnaires regarding their experience with online trolling, mindfulness, social media fatigue, and moral disengagement. The results showed that individuals with high mindfulness were less likely to troll others online, which was mediated by their social media fatigue. Furthermore, moral disengagement moderated the indirect relationship between mindfulness and online trolling. Specifically, the relationship between mindfulness and social media fatigue became weaker for individuals with high moral disengagement. The relationship between social media fatigue and online trolling became strengthened for individuals with high moral disengagement. These findings elucidate the role of personal factors and the present internal state in online trolling and suggest that comprehensive intervention programs may be promising for reducing online trolling.
Eliminating the Galvanic Corrosion Effect of Graphene Coating by an Accurate and Rapid Self‐Assembling Defect Healing Approach
Authors: Wu Yinghao , Sun Tian‐Yu , Ge Tianhao , Zhao Wenjie , Huang Liang‐Feng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe structural defects on graphene grown on a metal substrate via chemical vapor deposition can readily stimulate severe galvanic corrosion phenomena. For any defect passivation method that can be technologically promising for superior corrosion‐resistant graphene coatings, efficiency and accuracy are two critical but still challenging requirements. In this work, the authors design a rapid processing method (within just 15 min) that can accurately heal various structural defects of different types and sizes on graphene coating, where the hydrophobic 1H,1H,2H,2H‐perfluorooctanethiol (PFOT) molecules are self‐assembled onto the defect sites. The surface morphologies, atomic bonding states, and defect‐healing mechanism are deeply understood by comprehensive experimental characterizations and first‐principles calculations. Both weak physical PFOT‐pristine graphene bonding and strong covalent PFOT‐defect bonding are two microscopic factors that enhance defect healing efficiency and accuracy. Spatially resolved electronic and electrochemical measurements show that the defect‐healing not only effectively suppresses galvanic corrosion phenomena during both short‐term and long‐term tests, but also well preserves the superior electronic conductivity of pristine graphene. The defect healing strategy proposed here can find its wide potential applications in the fields like electro‐industry, coating, and sensors that require the graphene coatings having both superior corrosion resistance and electronic property.
Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Based Fluorophores with Circularly Polarized Luminescence Emission
Authors: Coehlo Max , Clavier Gilles , Pieters Grégory 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHerein, the first molecular design allowing the combination of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) and excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) fluorescence is described. In this novel class of emitters, the chiroptical activity originates from a chiral excitonic coupling induced by the tethering of two ESIPT fluorophores via a readily accessible trans‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane scaffold. This approach has notably allowed the synthesis in a single step of a CPL‐active molecule displaying a very large Stokes shift (up to 12 087 cm−1 in toluene solution) and the synthesis in three steps of one of the rare examples of CPL‐active purely organic dual‐emission materials.
Simple Molecular Design Strategy for Multiresonance Induced TADF Emitter: Highly Efficient Deep Blue to Blue Electroluminescence with High Color Purity
Authors: Han Jianmei , Huang Zhongyan , Lv Xialei , Miao Jingsheng , Qiu Yuntao , Cao Xiaosong , Yang Chuluo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials based on multiple resonance (MR) effect exhibit enormous potentials in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with high color purity due to their intrinsically narrow emission. However, most of MR‐TADF emitters are limited to the boron‐nitrogen‐based rigid skeleton. In this work, three novel MR‐TADF emitters, namely CzBNO, DMAcBNO and DPAcBNO, are elaborately constructed, the TADF properties of which are realized by virtue of opposite MR effect of boron and nitrogen/oxygen atom. CzBNO‐based deep blue‐emitting OLEDs achieve a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 13.6% with a small FWHM of 36 nm, as well as a Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinate of (0.14,0.08). While the other two emitter‐based devices exhibit blue emission with a maximum EQE of up to 23.0%. To further improve the OLEDs performances, DMAcBNO and DPAcBNO‐based devices assisted by a sensitizer exhibit an excellent EQE of up to 29.6% with a relatively small efficiency roll‐off.
Accelerating Battery Characterization Using Neutron and Synchrotron Techniques: Toward a Multi‐Modal and Multi‐Scale Standardized Experimental Workflow
Authors: Atkins Duncan , Capria Ennio , Edström Kristina , Famprikis Theodosios , Grimaud Alexis , Jacquet Quentin , Johnson Mark , Matic Aleksandar , Norby Poul , Reichert Harald , Rueff Jean‐Pascal , Villevieille Claire , Wagemaker Marnix , Lyonnard Sandrine 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLi‐ion batteries are the essential energy‐storage building blocks of modern society. However, producing ultra‐high electrochemical performance in safe and sustainable batteries for example, e‐mobility, and portable and stationary applications, demands overcoming major technological challenges. Materials engineering and new chemistries are key aspects to achieving this objective, intimately linked to the use of advanced characterization techniques. In particular, operando investigations are currently attracting enormous interest. Synchrotron‐ and neutron‐based bulk techniques are increasingly employed as they provide unique insights into the chemical, morphological, and structural changes inside electrodes and electrolytes across multiple length scales with high time/spatial resolutions. However, data acquisition, data analysis, and scientific outcomes must be accelerated to increase the overall benefits to the academic and industrial communities, requiring a paradigm shift beyond traditional single‐shot, sophisticated experiments. Here a multi‐scale and multi‐technique integrated workflow is presented to enhance bulk characterization, based on standardized and automated data acquisition and analysis for high‐throughput and high‐fidelity experiments, the optimization of versatile and tunable cells, as well as multi‐modal correlative characterization. Furthermore, new mechanisms, methods and organizations such as artificial intelligence‐aided modeling‐driven strategies, coordinated beamtime allocations, and community‐unified infrastructures are discussed in order to highlight perspectives in battery research at large scale facilities.