bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequencing Analysis and Enzyme Activity Assay of SrUGT76G1 Revealed the Mechanism Toward on/off Production of Rebaudioside-A in Stevia Plants
Authors: Lucho Simone Ribeiro , Amaral Marcelo do , Bianchi Valmor , Almagro Lorena , Ferrer Maria , Calderon Antonio , Braga Eugenia jacira 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Stevia plants is known for its ability to synthesize steviol glycosides (SGs), a natural sweetener blend. Stevioside (STEV) and Rebaudioside-A (Reb-A) are the main SGs. However, Reb-A is more palatable than STEV and shows reduced bitter aftertaste. SrUGT76G1 catalyzes the conversion of STEV to Reb-A, improving their organoleptic properties. The better understanding of the structure/activity of SrUGT76G1 would allow shedding light up on on/off production of Reb-A in stevia plants. Thus, we analyzed the STEV and Reb-A content in stevia leaves of plants from Brazil and Spain and did not find detectable levels of Reb-A in Brazilian samples (off production). For this reason, we used a sequencing tool to study at the genetic and structural level the SrUGT76G1 gene. Changes in key amino acid residues in Brazilian samples were found, such as Leu204Phe, Thr284Leu and Leu126Ile. Leu204Phe mutants can narrow substrate-binding pocket to favor flavonoids recognition and decrease SGs synthesis, while Thr284 is considered key for 1,3-glucosylation of SGs, including Reb-A. These punctual mutations may partly explain the lack of functionality of UGT76G1 enzyme and off production of Reb-A in stevia plants from Brazil. Following this trend, Brazilian samples exhibited a T-to-A substitution, resulting in premature stop codon. As expected, the relative expression of SrUGT76G1 gene showed a higher level in Spanish samples than in Brazilian ones. Collectively, the results presented here show the structure-activity interplay of SrUGT76G1 enzyme and provide new insights on structural features and its role toward Reb-A synthesis.
Viral Etiology of Acute Gastroenteritis In Mozambique, 2014 – 2019
Authors: Bero Diocreciano Matias , Chilaúle Jorfélia José , Langa Jerónimo , de Deus Nilsa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Stool samples collected from National Surveillance of Diarrheal in five sentinel sites in three regions of Mozambique, between May 2014 and December 2019 from 2126 children under 15 years of age with acute gastroenteritis were tested for five different etiological viral. Rotavirus, norovirus, astroviruses and adenovirus was screened by Enzyme immunoassay and reverse transcription-PCR for enteroviruses. Rotavirus was detected in 23.4%, enteroviruses in 14.1%, adenoviruses in 6.3%, astroviruses in 3.3% and norovirus in 2.7%. Rotavirus infection remains the main cause of diarrhea in Mozambique, despite the reduction in cases after the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine.
Fuzzy covering-based rough set on two different universes and its application
Authors: Yang Bin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a new type of fuzzy covering-based rough set model over two different universes by using Zadeh’s extension principle. We mainly address the following issues in this paper. First, we present the definition of fuzzy β-neighborhood, which can be seen as a fuzzy mapping from a universe to the set of fuzzy sets on another universe and study its properties. Then we define a new type of fuzzy covering-based rough set model on two different universes and investigate the properties of this model. Meanwhile, we give a necessary and sufficient condition under which two fuzzy β-coverings to generate the same fuzzy covering lower approximation or the same fuzzy covering upper approximation. Moreover, matrix representations of thefuzzy covering lower and fuzzy covering upper approximation operators are investigated. Finally, we propose a new approach to a kind of multiple criteria decision making problem based on fuzzy covering-based rough set model over two universes. The proposed models not onlyenrich the theory of fuzzy covering-based rough set but also provide a new perspective for multiple criteria decision making with uncertainty.
An Analytical And Experimental Parametric Study of Texturing In Slider Bearings Under Hydrodynamic/Mixed Lubrication
Authors: Jiang Sen , Dong Guangneng , Liu Qin , Wang Jiawei , Ji Hua 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
An analytical approach is advantageous in providing a more generic in-depth understanding of the nature of the relationships among texture parameters. Considering the corresponding variation of film thickness, the effects of operating parameters on the optimal texture geometric parameters are clarified analytically, with a trial algorithm adopted to overcome the difficulty of direct analysis. The interaction and cooperation between the parameters are highlighted. The relationship between film thickness (or load support) and friction resistance is also analyzed, and series of pin-on-disk tests are performed to assess the results from the analytical approach. Three laser-etched rectangular textures with different sizes are tested for friction coefficients, under a range of applied loads and speeds. Both analytical and experimental results show that the optimal dimple breadth and depth decrease with the increase of load, and the optimal dimple depth increases with the increase of sliding speed.
Changes and Regeneration of the Complex Oxide RbTe1.5W0.5O6 Surface After Methyl Methacrylate Polymerization Under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Chasova Victoria , Fukina Diana , Boryakov Alexey , Koroleva Alexandra , Zhizhin Evgeny , Semenycheva Lyudmila , Suleimanov Evgeny 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Tracking COVID-19 urban activity changes in the Middle East from nighttime lights
Authors: Stokes Eleanor C. , Roman Miguel O. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments around the world have enactedwidespread physical distancing measures to prevent and control virus transmission. Quantitative, spatially-disaggregated information about the population-scale shifts in activity that have resulted from these measures is extremely scarce, particularly for regions outside of Europe and the US. Public health institutions often must make decisions about control measures with limited region-specific data about how they will affect societal behavior, patterns of exposure, and infection outcomes. The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Day/Night Band (VIIRS DNB), a new-generation space-borne low-light imager, has the potential to track short-term changes in human activity, but the capability has not yet been applied to a cross-country analysis of COVID-19 responses. Here, we show initial evidence of VIIRS-DNB-detected changes to societal behavior patterns from COVID-19 control measures. We examine multiyear (2015–2020) daily time-series data derived from NASA’s Black Marble VIIRS nighttime lights product (VNP46A2) covering 584 urban areas, in 17 countries in the Middle East. Our analysis specifically focuses on the first stage of the pandemic and the Ramadan period, to understand how communities have adhered to COVID-19 measures when they were contrary to long-standing socio-cultural practices. Nighttime lights capture the onset of national curfews and lockdowns well, but also expose the inconsistent response to control measures both across and within countries. In conflict-afflicted countries, lockdowns and curfews resulted in less change in activity, highlighting the compound health and security threats that fragile states face. Our findings show how satellite measurements can aid in assessing the public response to COVID-19 physical distancing policies and the socio-cultural factors that shape their success, especially in data-sparse regions.
Optimization of a Water-saving Planting Structure in an Inland River Basin of an Arid Area Based on Multi-objective Programming: a Study for the Shiyang River Basin in China
Authors: Dou Jiao , Zhou Junju , Zhao Xi , Lei Li , Wang Lanying , Shi Wei , Zhang Dongxia , Wei Wei , Zhu Guofeng , Huang Jumei , Ma Dongfeng , Tang Haitao , Guo Zhaonan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Adjusting the agricultural planting structure is one of the important means to realize agricultural water-saving, especially in inland river basin with droughts and water shortages. In this paper, taking Shiyang River Basin in Northwest arid inland river basin as an example, on the basis of determining the crop water production function, a multi-objective optimization model was constructed, which comprehensively considered the maximization of economic benefits, the green water utilization rate and ecological benefits. The optimized planting structure was obtained by using GAMS (General Algebraic Modeling System) model solver. The results showed that: after optimization, the sown areas of wheat, tubers, vegetables and cotton all increased, of which the sown area of tubers increased the most by 8.81×104ha. The sown areas of corn, oil-bearing crops and fruits all decreased, of which the sown area of corn decreased the most by 8.03×104ha. The optimization results of planting structure were different in different counties and districts. The average contribution rate of planting structure adjustment to total water saving was 75.24%, indicating that planting structure adjustment was the key to water-saving. The water consumption of the same crop was different in different counties. Oil-bearing crops and vegetables were more suitable for planting in the lower reaches, while corn and tubers were more suitable for planting in the middle reaches.
Data Rich Architecture for Future Space Applications and Computing
Authors: Periola Ayodele , Alonge Akintunde , Ogudo Kingsley 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Space applications play an important role in technological advancements. This is because satellites are useful in existing applications like earth observations and future computing (hosting space based data centres). In these applications, satellites increase the amount of space debris as they reach their end of life. Therefore, the reduction of space debris for hosting future space application is crucial. The discussion in this paper considers that increasing space debris limits the deployment of additional earth observation satellites and future space based data centres. This challenge is addressed in this paper that proposes the use of non–earth’s orbital locations for hosting earth observation satellites and siting space data centres in regions having low debris. In addition, the proposed solution aims to identify regions in space with low space debris for hosting space based data centres. The performance metric is the rate of space debris generation (RSDG). The proposed solutions presents a framework to enable the acquisition and aggregation of data for RSDG computation in a given space region. Regions in non–earth orbital locations are utilized when the RSDG in a given earth’s orbital location exceeds a pre–defined threshold. In addition, the RSDG is formulated via the adaptation of the Shannon relation utilized to formulate the channel capacity in wireless communications. The result of evaluation shows that the RDSG is reduced by 50% on average due to the use of the proposed mechanism.
Variability in Temperature Extremes Across the Tibetan Plateau and its Non-uniform Responses to Different ENSO Types
Authors: Yong Zhiwei , Wang Zegen , Xiong Junnan , Ye Chongchong , Sun Huaizhang , Wu Shaojie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The variability of extreme temperatures has an important influence on the sensitive ecosystem and human activities on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Nevertheless, the uncertainties of different El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) effects on extreme temperatures on the TP are poorly understood. Thus, this study focuses on variations in temperature extremes across the TP during 1980–2015 based on the daily maximum temperature, and minimum temperature. Then, we quantitatively examined the different effects of different ENSO types and related large-scale atmospheric circulation variables on the changes in temperature extremes. The results show that more intense and more frequent warm extremes, less intense and less frequent cold extremes were observed from 1980 to 2015. It was observed that cold extremes exhibited significant variations. In particular, the area with a significant increase in the minimum daily minimum temperature accounted for 72% of the area of the TP. Moreover, our results also suggested that there was an asymmetric relationship between temperature extremes and different ENSO types (the Eastern Pacific (EP) and Central Pacific (CP) ENSO events). especially the significant increase of cold extreme during EP El Niño episodes (slopes of frequency and intensity of cold extremes were 6.58 and -1.03). In addition, the different ENSO types had a zonal influence on temperature extreme variability on the TP through the modulation of large-scale atmospheric circulation. The changes in the intensity and frequency of the extreme warm events on the southeastern TP were distinct during the EP E1 Niño years, while the extreme warm events during the CP E1 Niño years tended to occur more frequently on the central of TP. Furthermore, the cold extremes over the western TP have experienced decreasing trends in EP La Niña years, while the frequency of warm extremes increased. The geopotential height anomaly and cyclonic circulation anomaly in the CP La Niña years enhanced cold extremes on the northeastern TP. In conclusion, within the context of the global warming, the different ENSO types are critical factor that influences temperature extremes on the TP due to these non-uniform responses of atmospheric circulation. This study provided some insight for understanding the dynamics of regional extreme temperatures in different ENSO episodes.
Treatment of mandibular second molar impaction in a patient with metal hypersensitivity
Authors: Takehana Yoshie , Miyauchi Yasunori , Kageyama Toru 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
It is widely accepted that the prevalence of metal hypersensitivity is increasing. Furthermore, the incidence of unerupted mandibular second molars is 2.3%, of which 0.2% is judged to be a result of impaction. While it is becoming more common to treat impacted mandibular second molars in daily clinical practice, metal hypersensitive patients presenting with unerupted molars are less frequently encountered. There have been no previous reports of patients who required mandibular molar traction and who also suffered from metal hypersensitivity. Therefore, this is the first case report to describe the long-term stability of mandibular second molar dis-impaction, leading to high level of patient satisfaction.
A parsimonious post-processor for uncertainty evaluation of ensemble precipitation forecasts: an application to quantitative precipitation forecasts for civil protection purposes
Authors: Biondi Daniela , Todini Ezio , Corina Angela 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this study, we present a post-processing technique designed to assess conditional predictive uncertainty for quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) that extends to the multivariate predictor case. The theoretical foundation of the mixed binary-continuous precipitation process representation for a single predictor is coupled with the univariate version of the model conditional processor (MCP) that allows considering ensemble forecasts while maintaining a parsimonious approach. The experiment set-up is based on a weather vigilance zone (WVZ) of the national warning system in southern Italy and the relative QPFs issued by the Italian Civil Protection Department. Various aspects of the quality of the probabilistic forecast from the uncertainty processor were evaluated. The results indicate that post-processed forecasts can provide improved performances in terms of accuracy and reliability, tend to correct bias and are generally less under-dispersive than raw forecasts for the investigated area. Furthermore, we explored the possibility of issuing warnings employing the full predictive distribution and moving to the use of probabilistic thresholds here identified through a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Considering the probability of exceeding a critical rainfall value allowed successful discrimination between events and non-events for critical precipitation occurrences and proved to be a valuable approach to decision-makers and information providers.
Review of hydro-economic models (HEMs) which focus on transboundary river water sharing disputes
Authors: Hossen M. A. , Connor J. , Ahammed F. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHydro-economic models (HEMs) are powerful tools to analyze water scarcity, drought, and water management problems. Though several HEMs reviews have been conducted in the recent past, none of them focused on the management of transboundary river water disputes, benefit sharing, or trade-offs. Therefore, this review explored how HEMs can suggest mitigating water sharing disputes on transboundary rivers. Though more than 300 HEMs have been developed worldwide, very few focused on transboundary river water disputes. After vigorous screening at Google Scholar, only 25 articles were found which focused on transboundary river water disputes. Most HEMs that were reviewed proposed to share benefits such as sharing hydropower produced from the river, reallocating water from low-value agriculture to high-value agriculture or managed operation of the dam, or other monetary compensation. But no study assessed non-water sector benefit sharing such as trade or transit. Most HEMs focused on irrigation and hydropower which are benefits from the river and very few studies focused on fisheries, environment, and wetland which are benefits to the river. International rivers can act as a catalyst among the riparian countries and promote cooperation in trade, commerce, exchange of technologies, and other fields. HEMs can play an important role in this regard. It is to be mentioned that HEMs cannot resolve water conflicts in a shared basin, they only can propose for the options of solution.
Detection of abrupt shift and non-parametric analyses of trends in runoff time series in the Dez river basin
Authors: Gholami Hooman , Moradi Yahya , Lotfirad Morteza , Gandomi Mohammad Amin , Bazgir Nooredin , Shokrian Hajibehzad Manoochehr 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the homogeneity of runoff time series and also to review the existence of trends in Tale Zang hydrometric station (the hydrometric station at the inflow into the Dez reservoir) runoff, using 61 years (1956–2016) daily recorded data. The Pettit test, which is a common method in investigating the homogeneity of time series, was used to identify change points. Both Mann-Kendall and auto-correlated Mann-Kendall tests were applied to analyze the existence or non-existence of trends in each annual, seasonal, and monthly time series observed in a runoff. In time series, significant trends at the 95% level of confidence were recognized, upper and lower limit values were presented for Sen's slope and it was tested for the increasing or decreasing trends in nature. Based on the results of this study, the significant change point at the 95% level of confidence was recognized in the annual, spring, summer, autumn, March, May, June, July, August, September, and October data sets in 1997,1997, 1999, 1997, 1999, 1999, 1999, 1997, 2000, 2007 and 2008, respectively. Analyzing the existence of a trend at the 95% level of confidence indicated that in spring, and in March, September, and October, for both Mann-Kendall and auto-correlated Mann-Kendall tests, the trend is significant and additive until the change point.
Right Atrial Thrombus in a Patient of Rheumatic Heart Disease with Severe
Mitral Regurgitation: A Rare Association
Authors: Rohila Amit K. , Kumar Saurabh , Khichar Satyendra , Meena Durga S. , Pandit Sonu K. 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Right atrial thrombus is a rare phenomenon, and its incidence is not well-
defined. It usually occurs in the presence of predisposing factors like tricuspid stenosis or following
central venous catheterization. Isolated right atrial thrombus without any predisposing factors
occurs rarely.

Case Presentation:
We herein report a 30-year-old male patient, a known case of rheumatic heart
disease with mitral regurgitation, presented with severe breathlessness and orthopnea. He was diagnosed
with acute pulmonary oedema with biventricular dysfunction and congestive symptoms. On
transthoracic 2D echocardiography, he was found to have severe mitral and severe tricuspid regurgitation.
All cardiac chambers were dilated, and an incidental finding of right atrial thrombus was
noted. Patient The patient was managed conservatively, but he succumbed to his worsening heart
failure.

Conclusion:
Treating physicians should be aware of the possibility of right atrial thrombus in rheumatic
mitral valve disease because of its clinical implications, like life life-threatening pulmonary
embolization and need of surgical management.
Data Visualization for Chronic Neurological and Mental Health Condition Self-management: Systematic Review of User Perspectives
Authors: Polhemus Ashley , Novak Jan , Majid Shazmin , Simblett Sara , Morris Daniel , Bruce Stuart , Burke Patrick , Dockendorf Marissa F , Temesi Gergely , Wykes Til 
Published: October 2021

Background
Remote measurement technologies (RMT) such as mobile health devices and apps are increasingly used by those living with chronic neurological and mental health conditions. RMT enables real-world data collection and regular feedback, providing users with insights about their own conditions. Data visualizations are an integral part of RMT, although little is known about visualization design preferences from the perspectives of those living with chronic conditions.

Objective
The aim of this review was to explore the experiences and preferences of individuals with chronic neurological and mental health conditions on data visualizations derived from RMT to manage health.

Methods
In this systematic review, we searched peer-reviewed literature and conference proceedings (PubMed, IEEE Xplore, EMBASE, Web of Science, Association for Computing Machinery Computer-Human Interface proceedings, and the Cochrane Library) for original papers published between January 2007 and September 2021 that reported perspectives on data visualization of people living with chronic neurological and mental health conditions. Two reviewers independently screened each abstract and full-text article, with disagreements resolved through discussion. Studies were critically appraised, and extracted data underwent thematic synthesis.

Results
We identified 35 eligible publications from 31 studies representing 12 conditions. Coded data coalesced into 3 themes: desire for data visualization, impact of visualizations on condition management, and visualization design considerations. Data visualizations were viewed as an integral part of users’ experiences with RMT, impacting satisfaction and engagement. However, user preferences were diverse and often conflicting both between and within conditions.

Conclusions
When used effectively, data visualizations are valuable, engaging components of RMT. They can provide structure and insight, allowing individuals to manage their own health more effectively. However, visualizations are not “one-size-fits-all,” and it is important to engage with potential users during visualization design to understand when, how, and with whom the visualizations will be used to manage health.