bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The double‐edged sword of job crafting: The effects of job crafting on changes in job demands and employee well‐being
Authors: Harju Lotta K. , Kaltiainen Janne , Hakanen Jari J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractJob crafting is theorized to operate via changes that employees make to their work designs, yet this critical mechanism has remained scarcely tested. This study examined whether job crafting facilitates changes in two types of challenge demands, namely workload and job complexity, and hindrance demands and whether these changes explain why job crafting may have both positive and negative implications for employee well‐being. We utilized a two‐wave sample of 2,453 employees to examine the relationships between job crafting and within‐person changes in job demands, work engagement, and burnout. The findings showed that approach type of job crafting was related to increases in work engagement via increased job complexity. However, approach crafting was also associated with increases in burnout via increased workload. Avoidance type of job crafting, in turn, was related to increases in burnout and decreases in work engagement via decreased job complexity. The findings imply that job crafting may both promote and mitigate employee well‐being depending on how it changes specific features of work design and that also approach crafting may deteriorate well‐being. We discuss the practical implications of different types of job crafting on work design and employee well‐being.
Computational single phase comparative study of inclined MHD in a Powell–Eyring nanofluid
Authors: Jamshed Wasim , Al‐Kouz Wael , Mohd Nasir Nor A. A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this study, the heat transfer and entropy of transient non‐Newtonian Powell–Eyring nanofluid flow is studied. The nanofluid flows over a stretched flat surface, moving nonuniformly. The flow and heat transfer properties are analyzed subject to a convective heated slippery surface. This study also examined the thermal radiation, nanoparticle shapes, inclined magnetic field (B), and joule heating. The governing equations of flow are formulated in partial differential equations (PDEs). A numerical technique utilizes the Keller Box Method to find the similarity solution of the reduced ordinary differential equations, converted from PDEs by using an appropriate transformation. Two different nanofluids, copper–methanol (Cu–MeOH) and silicon carbide–methanol (SiC–MeOH), are considered in the analysis. Significant results of various parameters for the flow, heat, Skin friction (Cf), Nusselt number (Nu), and entropy analysis are described graphically. This study's remarkable finding is that the thermal conductivity in Powell–Eyring phenomena gradually increases compared to the conventional fluid. The Cu–MeOH based nanofluid is found to be a superior thermal conductor instead of the SiC–MeOH based nanofluid. The entropy of the system exaggerates with the incorporation of nanoparticle volume fraction , thermal radiation Nr, and material parameter . It is found that the slip parameters work as a retarded force to the system and decrease the system's entropy.
Relative acute toxicity of three per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on nine species of larval amphibians
Authors: Tornabene Brian J , Chislock Michael F , Gannon Megan E , Sepúlveda Maria S , Hoverman Jason T 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread, persistent environmental pollutants known to elicit a wide range of negative effects on wildlife species. There is scarce information regarding the toxicity of PFAS on amphibians, but amphibians may be highly susceptible because of their permeable skin and dependence on fresh water. Acute toxicity studies are a first step toward understanding responses to PFAS exposure, providing benchmarks for species-specific tolerances, informing ecological risk assessment (ERA), and designing chronic toxicity studies. We conducted standardized 96-h lethal concentration (LC50) toxicity tests for perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) with 9 widely distributed amphibian species native to eastern and central North America. We also conducted LC50 tests with perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) for 2 species and determined whether toxicity of PFOS and PFOA varied between life stages for 3 species. Acute toxicity varied among PFAS and species and between developmental stages within species. Across all species, toxicity of PFOS was more than 8× higher than PFOA. Salamanders in the genus Ambystoma were generally more sensitive to PFOS than were anurans (frogs and a toad). Toxicity of PFOA was highest for small-mouthed salamanders and gray tree frogs and lowest for Jefferson salamanders, American bullfrogs, green frogs, and wood frogs. Although only 2 species were exposed to PFHxS, survival was lower for green frogs than for American bullfrogs. Toxicity of PFAS also varied between developmental stages of larvae. Gray tree frogs were more sensitive at later developmental stages, and small-mouthed salamanders were more sensitive at earlier developmental stages. Our study is one of the first to report species-, developmental stage-, and compound-specific differences in sensitivity to PFAS across a wide range of amphibian species. The benchmarks for toxicity we determined can inform conservation and remediation efforts, guide chronic toxicity studies, and help predict influences on amphibian communities, thereby informing future ERAs for PFAS. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:684–689. © 2021 SETAC
KEY POINTS
There is scarce information regarding the toxicity of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on amphibians. Across all species, toxicity of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) was more than 8× higher than that of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) for amphibians. Toxicity of PFAS also varied between developmental stages of larvae. Our study is one of the first to report species-, developmental stage-, and compound-specific differences in sensitivity to PFAS across a wide range of amphibian species.
Modeling of Environmental Fate and Effects of Oil Leakages from Abandoned Subsea Wells Using an Environmental Impact Factor Tool
Authors: Pham Hanh HT , Lohne Hans Petter , Arild Øystein , Schlenk Daniel , Pampanin Daniela M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Potential environmental consequences of oil leakages (i.e., continuous uncontrolled releases at low flow rate over a long period of time) need to be taken into consideration in the ongoing development of plug and abandonment (P&A) activities on the Norwegian continental shelf. Regulations of P&A wells employ a “zero leakage” target; however, environmental risk monitoring strategies for permanent abandonment are not yet in place. Predicting and estimating the consequences of adverse environmental impacts through a modeling approach can play a key role in evaluating and monitoring environmental risk. In this paper, we present a modeling study of the fate and effects of an oil leakage from abandoned wells using a theoretical scenario on the Norwegian continental shelf. Environmental impact factors (EIFs) derived from the Dose related Risk and Effect Assessment Model (DREAM), previously designed to characterize the effects of produced water discharges, were used to assess impacts of leakages from abandoned wells. Exposure assessments for the EIFs were modified to include specific hydrocarbon contributions derived from different sized oil droplets from the leakages. Because DREAM is not generally used for chronic low-rate oil releases, an update of the database with chronic predicted no-effect concentrations, as input data for effects modeling, was conducted. In general, EIFs became stable after simulations of 30 d. The area from the release site and up to a few hundred meters southward had the most locations of high impact. Chronic exposure and effects on organisms potentially occurred as a steady-state effect over a long period. Risks, at which more than 95% of species will be negatively affected, appeared surrounding the release site, indicating a need for mitigation measures. These results show that the EIF tool can be used for risk management and P&A regulation by identifying potentially harmful leakages. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:626–638. © 2021 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)
KEY POINTS
Biological exposure and effects of chronic low-rate oil leakages from plug and abandon wells can be estimated through modeling. Environmental impact factors develop in time and become more stable over long periods, and risks, that is where more than 5% of species would be affected, increase around the release site. The smaller the oil droplet sizes are, the greater the impact they may have on the marine ecosystem. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, naphthalene 1, C4 benzene, and C7 to C9 saturates should be of concern.
On the nexus of innovation, trade openness, financial development and economic growth in European countries: New perspective from a GMM panel VAR approach
Authors: Mtar Kais , Belazreg Walid 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the four‐way linkages between innovation, trade openness, financial development and economic growth using panel‐VAR approach for 11 European countries over the period 2001‐2016. Most importantly, the findings revealed that there is a unidirectional relationship between economic growth and financial development, between trade and economic growth and between innovation and financial development. The findings also revealed a negative relationship between innovation and economic growth and between trade and economic growth. The paper concludes that further regulation of financial systems and the quality of funding are important ingredients to foster economic development. The paper also concludes that country‐specific characteristics can play an important role in fostering innovation and productivity. Furthermore, policymakers should improve institutional quality and improve the regulatory environment in order to benefit more from trade openness. Also, policy makers need to use innovation incentives for local companies in order to counteract the negative effects induced by market opening.
The routine use of prophylactic Bakri balloon tamponade contributes to blood loss control in major placenta previa
Authors: Arakaki Tatsuya , Matsuoka Ryu , Takita Hiroko , Oba Tomohiro , Nakamura Masamitsu , Sekizawa Akihiko 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo verify the blood loss control effect of routine prophylactic Bakri balloon tamponade on major and minor placenta previa (PP).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of all singleton pregnancies that involved cesarean section (CS) for PP at our hospital. All participants were divided into Bakri balloon (underwent routine prophylactic use just after placenta removal) and non‐balloon groups, and into major and minor PP groups. Clinical outcomes in major and minor PP were compared between balloon and non‐balloon groups.ResultsThe balloon and non‐balloon groups contained 74 and 89 patients, respectively. There were 41 and 33 (balloon group) and 48 and 41 (non‐balloon group) major and minor PP cases, respectively. Intraoperative and perioperative blood losses of major PP were significantly lower in the balloon group than the non‐balloon group (1045 ml versus 1553 ml, P = 0.016; and 1189 ml versus 1810 ml, P = 0.006, respectively). The frequency of massive postpartum hemorrhage (>500 ml) with major PP was lower in the balloon group than in the non‐balloon group (2.4% versus 16.7%, P = 0.027), but with no significant difference with minor PP.ConclusionRoutine prophylactic use of Bakri balloon tamponade during and after CS is effective in controlling blood loss in major PP.
Integrating Loss‐Driven Systems Engineering Activities
Authors: Endler David 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTLoss‐driven systems engineering activities are key to realizing successful systems. At the same time, loss‐driven systems engineering assessments are, in most cases, complex. In real life projects, integrating loss‐driven systems engineering activities in the system development activities might be difficult. In some cases, there is a lack of understanding the activities’ importance and sometimes there are organizational barriers. To overcome those barriers, we propose an approach based on widely accepted standards. The difficulty is most existing systems engineering standards poorly describe loss‐driven systems engineering activities and how they integrate with traditional engineering activities. This paper provides an approach to successfully accomplish this integration. It is extremely important to involve loss‐driven systems engineers in every life cycle phase. At the same time, achieving a common integrated approach understanding is necessary.
Loss‐Driven Systems Engineering and Siloism
Authors: Jackson Scott 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTThis article discusses the siloism concept in LDSE and the use of the integrated product team (IPT) concept to mitigate it. Siloism is any project team member's unwillingness to share information especially to mitigate conflicts and overlaps among project specialties. Failure to mitigate siloism potentially reduces the entire project's effectiveness. A recognized siloism mitigation method is employing the IPT concept. This concept uses organizational structure and rigorous management combined to encourage spcialty information sharing. Aligning the organizational project structure to the physical system architecture seeks close specialty cooperation. IPTs are part of the larger concept called Integrated Product and Process Development (IPPD) described in INCOSE's work (2015, 199‐203).
Enabling policy environment for water, food and energy security
Authors: Beekma Jelle , Bird Jeremy , Mersha Adey Nigatu , Reinhard Stijn , Prathapar Sanmugam Ahembaranathan , Rasul Golam , Richey Jeffrey , Campen Jouke Van , Ragab Ragab , Perry Chris , Mohtar Rabi , Tollefson Laurie , Tian Fuqiang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe complexity of water, food and energy security is analysed from the perspectives of (i) water and food and (ii) water and energy and their interconnectivity and focuses ultimately on water as a primary input into processes, the entry point for participants of the Third World Irrigation Forum.The paper provides an overview of trends in water, food and energy security, highlights the interconnectivity between the various elements and introduces the water–food–energy nexus as a tool for improving productivity and sector policies, avoiding unintended consequences on other sectors. Invariably, there will be trade‐offs and the challenge is to find combinations of measures that have a net positive outcome. In order to quantify security in the three elements and the trade‐offs between them, emerging modelling approaches for the nexus are discussed.Sub‐theme 3 of the forum focuses on productivity and technology interventions1 and sub‐theme 2 on stakeholder interaction. The combination of modelling, technology innovations and stakeholder participation in a water–food–energy nexus approach leads to better understanding of linkages and more robust policies and is used to derive recommendations for an enabling policy environment.
Pentagonal geometries with block sizes 3, 4, and 5
Authors: Forbes Anthony D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA pentagonal geometry is a partial linear space, where every line, or block, is incident with points, every point is incident with lines, and for each point , there is a line incident with precisely those points that are not collinear with . An opposite line pair in a pentagonal geometry consists of two parallel lines such that each point on one of the lines is not collinear with precisely those points on the other line. We give a direct construction for an infinite sequence of pentagonal geometries with block size 3 and connected deficiency graphs. Also we present 39 new pentagonal geometries with block size 4 and five with block size 5, all with connected deficiency graphs. Consequentially we determine the existence spectrum up to a few possible exceptions for that do not contain opposite line pairs and for with one opposite line pair. More generally, given we show that there exists a with opposite line pairs for all sufficiently large admissible . Using some new group divisible designs with block size 5 (including types , and ) we significantly extend the known existence spectrum for .
Regulation of polyamine homeostasis through an antizyme citrullination pathway
Authors: Yang Yi‐Fang , Lee Chien‐Yun , Hsieh Ju‐Yi , Liu Yi‐Liang , Lin Chi‐Li , Liu Guang‐Yaw , Hung Hui‐Chih 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study reveals an uncovered mechanism for the regulation of polyamine homeostasis through protein arginyl citrullination of antizyme (AZ), a natural inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). ODC is critical for the cellular production of polyamines. AZ binds to ODC dimers and promotes the degradation of ODC via the 26S proteasome. This study demonstrates the protein citrullination of AZ catalyzed by peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 (PAD4) both in vitro and in cells. Upon PAD4 activation, the AZ protein was citrullinated and accumulated, leading to higher levels of ODC proteins in the cell. In the PAD4‐overexpressing and activating cells, the levels of ODC enzyme activity and the product putrescine increased with the level of citrullinated AZ proteins and PAD4 activity. Suppressing cellular PAD4 activity reduces the cellular levels of ODC and downregulates cellular polyamines. Furthermore, citrullination of AZ in the C‐terminus attenuates AZ function in the inhibition, binding, and degradation of ODC. This paper provides evidence to illustrate that PAD4‐mediated AZ citrullination upregulates cellular ODC and polyamines by retarding ODC degradation, thus interfering with the homeostasis of cellular polyamines, which may be an important pathway regulating AZ functions that is relevant to cancer biology.
The direct and indirect regulation of follicular T helper cell differentiation in inflammation and cancer
Authors: Cao Yejin , Dong Lin , He Ying , Hu Xuelian , Hou Yueru , Dong Yingjie , Yang Qiuli , Bi Yujing , Liu Guangwei 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFollicular T helper (Tfh) cells play important roles in facilitating B‐cell differentiation and inducing the antibody response in humoral immunity and immune‐associated inflammatory diseases, including infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. However, Tfh cell differentiation is mainly achieved through self‐directed differentiation regulation and the indirect regulation mechanism of antigen‐presenting cells (APCs). During the direct intrinsic differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells into Tfh cells, Bcl‐6, as the characteristic transcription factor, plays the core role of transcriptional regulation. APCs indirectly drive Tfh cell differentiation mainly by changing cytokine secretion mechanisms. Altered metabolic signaling is also critically involved in Tfh cell differentiation. This review summarizes the recent progress in understanding the direct and indirect regulatory signals and metabolic mechanisms of Tfh cell differentiation and function in immune‐associated diseases.
Genomic integrity and mitochondrial metabolism defects in Warsaw syndrome cells: a comparison with Fanconi anemia
Authors: Bottega Roberta , Ravera Silvia , Napolitano Luisa M. R. , Chiappetta Viviana , Zini Nicoletta , Crescenzi Barbara , Arniani Silvia , Faleschini Michela , Cortone Giuseppe , Faletra Flavio , Medagli Barbara , Sirchia Fabio , Moretti Martina , de Lange Job , Cappelli Enrico , Mecucci Cristina , Onesti Silvia , Pisani Francesca M. , Savoia Anna 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWarsaw breakage syndrome (WABS), is caused by biallelic mutations of DDX11, a gene coding a DNA helicase. We have recently reported two affected sisters, compound heterozygous for a missense (p.Leu836Pro) and a frameshift (p.Lys303Glufs*22) variant. By investigating the pathogenic mechanism, we demonstrate the inability of the DDX11 p.Leu836Pro mutant to unwind forked DNA substrates, while retaining DNA binding activity. We observed the accumulation of patient‐derived cells at the G2/M phase and increased chromosomal fragmentation after mitomycin C treatment. The phenotype partially overlaps with features of the Fanconi anemia cells, which shows not only genomic instability but also defective mitochondria. This prompted us to examine mitochondrial functionality in WABS cells and revealed an altered aerobic metabolism. This opens the door to the further elucidation of the molecular and cellular basis of an impaired mitochondrial phenotype and sheds light on this fundamental process in cell physiology and the pathogenesis of these diseases.
Roles of apoptotic chondrocyte‐derived CXCL12 in the enhanced chondroclast recruitment following methotrexate and/or dexamethasone treatment
Authors: Su Yu‐Wen , Fan Jian , Fan Chia‐Ming , Peymanfar Yaser , Zhang Ya‐Li , Xian Cory J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntensive use of methotrexate (MTX) and/or dexamethasone (DEX) for treating childhood malignancies is known to cause chondrocyte apoptosis and growth plate dysfunction leading to bone growth impairments. However, mechanisms remain vague and it is unclear whether MTX and DEX combination treatment could have additive effects in the growth plate defects. In this study, significant cell apoptosis was induced in mature ATDC5 chondrocytes after treatment for 48 h with 10−5 M MTX and/or 10−6 M DEX treatment. PCR array assays with treated cells plus messenger RNA and protein expression confirmation analyses identified chemokine CXCL12 having the most prominent induction in each treatment group. Conditioned medium from treated chondrocytes stimulated migration of RAW264.7 osteoclast precursor cells and formation of osteoclasts, and these stimulating effects were inhibited by the neutralizing antibody for CXCL12. Additionally, while MTX and DEX combination treatment showed some additive effects on apoptosis induction, it did not have additive or counteractive effects on CXCL12 expression and its functions in enhancing osteoclastic recruitment and formation. In young rats treated acutely with MTX, there was increased expression of CXCL12 in the tibial growth plate, and more resorbing chondroclasts were found present at the border between the hypertrophic growth plate and metaphysis bone. Thus, the present study showed an association between induced chondrocyte apoptosis and stimulated osteoclastic migration and formation following MTX and/or DEX treatment, which could be potentially or at least partially linked molecularly by CXCL12 induction. This finding may contribute to an enhanced mechanistic understanding of bone growth impairments following MTX and/or DEX therapy.