bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment Satisfaction and Decision‐making from the Patient Perspective in Axial Spondyloarthritis: Real‐World Data from a Descriptive Cross‐sectional Survey Study from the ArthritisPower Registry
Authors: Nowell William Benjamin , Gavigan Kelly , Hunter Theresa , Malatestinic William N. , Bolce Rebecca J. , Lisse Jeffrey R. , Himelein Carol , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Walsh Jessica A. 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveAims were to 1) to characterize patient decision‐making with treatment for axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and 2) to explore relationships among decision‐making, treatment satisfaction, and biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs).MethodsArthritisPower participants with physician‐diagnosed axSpA were invited to complete an online survey about their treatment and their most recent physician visit. Analysis compared treatment decision by satisfaction and bDMARD status.ResultsAmong the 274 participants, 87.2% were female, and the mean age was 50 years. Of participants, 79.5% had researched treatment before their most recent physician visit, and 56.9% discussed treatment change at their most recent physician visit. Of treatment‐change discussions, 69.2% of them were related to escalation, compared with deescalation (27.6%) and/or switching (39.1%). Among those participants who discussed a change, 73.7% agreed to it because they felt that their disease was not being controlled (54.9%) or felt that it could be better controlled on new treatment (20.3%). Top symptoms prompting change were back/buttock pain (63.3%), other joint pain (55.1%), and fatigue (54.1%). Among bDMARD‐treated participants (n = 128), important factors for treatment decisions were prevention of long‐term axSpA consequences (92.9%) and doctor's advice (87.5%). Among 43.4% of participants reporting treatment dissatisfaction, 37% did not discuss treatment change. Current bDMARD use was more common in satisfied (61.9%) than dissatisfied participants (26.9%).ConclusionIn this cross‐sectional study of a predominantly female axSpA population, patients frequently researched treatment options and discussed escalation with their providers. Under two‐thirds of participants who were dissatisfied with treatment discussed changes at their most recent visit. Current bDMARD use was associated with higher satisfaction, and bDMARD users considered prevention of long‐term consequences and doctor's advice to be very important for decision‐making.
Prognostic Value of Carbohydrate Antigen 19‐9 and the Surgical Margin in Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Yamamoto Ryusei , Sugiura Teiichi , Ashida Ryo , Ohgi Katsuhisa , Yamada Mihoko , Otsuka Shimpei , Uesaka Katsuhiko 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThe prognostic value of the perioperative carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA19‐9) value and the prognostic relationship between the CA19‐9 value and the surgical margin in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC) have not been fully discussed.MethodsA total of 390 patients who underwent curative resection for EHCC between 2002 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the perioperative CA19‐9 value, patients were divided into three groups: preoperative normal (Normal, n = 178), preoperative high and postoperative normal (Normalization, n = 155), and preoperative high and postoperative high (Nonnormalization, n = 57). Survival was analyzed according to the perioperative CA19‐9 value and surgical margin.ResultsThe optimal cutoff value of CA19‐9 was 37 U/mL. Overall survival (OS) was significantly stratified according to the perioperative CA19‐9 value. The 5‐y OS rates in the Normal, Normalization, and Nonnormalization groups were 53%, 38%, and 23%, respectively (P < .001). Although the locoregional recurrence rate was comparable among the groups, the Normal group exhibited distant recurrence less frequently in comparison to the other groups. In the Normal group, the margin status had a significant impact on the OS (surgical resection with a negative margin [R0], 59% vs a microscopically positive margin [R1], 7% at 5‐y, P < .001). In contrast, in the Normalization and Nonnormalization groups, the OS rate of the R0 and R1 resection groups did not differ to a statistically significant extent.ConclusionThe perioperative CA19‐9 value was related to the prognosis of resectable EHCC. A preoperative CA19‐9 value of ≥37 U/mL reflected systemic disease. R0 resection did not affect the survival in this patient group.
Impact of the KIT/PDGFRA genotype on prognosis in imatinib‐naïve Japanese patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Authors: Cho Haruhiko , Nishida Toshirou , Takahashi Tsuyoshi , Masuzawa Toru , Hirota Seiichi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMost gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) harbor a mutation in KIT or platelet‐derived growth factor receptor alfa (PDGFRA). Although genotyping is a useful predictive marker of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, whether it can predict prognosis remains controversial.MethodsData on 402 patients with GIST who underwent macroscopically complete surgery and received no neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy were selected from a prospective GIST database at the three, participating hospitals. The types and locations of KIT and PDGFRA mutations were analyzed by direct sequencing of the amplified genes. The association between the genotypic characteristics and prognosis was then examined.ResultsTumor genotypes were analyzed in 398 of 402 (99%) patients, and 120 mutation patterns were identified. KIT mutations had broad malignancy potential which differed according to the type of mutation. Deletion and deletion‐insertion type mutations were associated with worse RFS while duplication and substitution type mutations were associated with favorable RFS KIT deletion/deletion‐insertion, including codons 557 and 558, were especially associated with worse RFS on multivariate analysis both of all the patients and those with KIT mutations.ConclusionsSpecific GIST genotypes were significantly associated with a risk of recurrence. Genotype analysis may be useful for predicting the prognosis and determining the indications for adjuvant imatinib in patients with GIST.
From rhetorical “inclusion” toward decolonial futures: Building communities of resistance against structural violence
Authors: Dutta Urmitapa , Azad Abdul Kalam , Mullah Manjuwara , Hussain Kazi Sharowar , Parveez Wahida 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we name and uplift the ways in which Miya community workers are building communities of resistance as ways to address the manifold colonial, structural (including state‐sponsored), and epistemic violence in their lives. These active spaces of refusal and resistance constitute the grounds of our theorizing. Centering this theory in the flesh, we offer critical implications for decolonial liberatory praxis, specifically community‐engaged praxis in solidarity with people's struggles. In doing so, we speak to questions such as: What are the range of ways in which Global South communities are coming together to tackle various forms of political, social, epistemic, and racial injustice? What are ways of doing, being, and knowing that are produced at the borders and liminal zones? What are the varied ways in which people understand and name solidarities, alliances, and relationalities in pursuit of justice? We engage with these questions from our radically rooted places in Miya people's struggles via storytelling that not only confronts the historical and ongoing oppression, but also upholds desire—Interweaving and honoring rage, grief, pain, creativity, love, and communality.
Radioulnar contrasts in fingerprint ridge counts: Searching for dermatoglyphic markers of early sex development
Authors: Polcerová Lenka , Chovancová Mária , Králík Miroslav , Beňuš Radoslav , Klíma Ondřej , Meinerová Tereza , Čuta Martin , Petrová Mária Elisabeth 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivesUsing prenatally fixed dermatoglyphics features as markers of prenatal sex development is limited due to insufficient knowledge on their sex differences. This study aims to examine more thoroughly sex differences in radioulnar contrasts.MethodsFingerprints of 360 females and 331 males from four samples of different ethnic backgrounds (Czechs, Slovaks, Vietnamese and Lusatian Sorbs) were studied. On both hands, finger ridge counts were recorded, and all possible radioulnar contrasts were computed as a difference between ridge count at a radial position minus ridge count at a respective ulnar position on the hand. Radioulnar contrasts with population‐congruent and numerically large dimorphism were selected and the dimorphism of the selected radioulnar contrasts was then tested using nonparametric analysis of variance.ResultsGreater dimorphism of radioulnar contrasts occurred on the right hand than on the left hand. Population congruent direction and relatively strong dimorphism (Cohen’sdgreater than 0.3) was found in six radioulnar contrasts on the right hand, all of which involved the radial ridge count of the 2nd finger. Of these, the highest average dimorphism was observed for the difference between the radial ridge count of the 2nd finger and the ulnar ridge count of the 4th finger (2r4u contrast), where the average effect size from all four population samples was comparable to a published average effect size of the 2D:4D finger length ratio.ConclusionWe propose that 2r4u contrast of ridge counts could serve as a marker of prenatal sexual development targeting a temporally narrow developmental window.
Unravelling of a [High Spin—Low Spin] ↔ [Low Spin—High Spin] Equilibrium in Spin‐Crossover Iron(II) Dinuclear Helicates Using Paramagnetic NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Aleshin Dmitry Yu. , Diego Rosa , Barrios Leoní A. , Nelyubina Yulia V. , Aromí Guillem , Novikov Valentin V. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSpin‐crossover between high‐spin (HS) and low‐spin (LS) states of selected transition metal ions in polynuclear and polymeric compounds is behind their use as multistep switchable materials in breakthrough electronic and spintronic devices. We report the first successful attempt to observe the dynamics of a rarely found broken‐symmetry spin state in binuclear complexes, which mixes the states [HS‐LS] and [LS‐HS] on a millisecond timescale. The slow exchange between these two states, which was identified by paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy in solutions of two spin‐crossover iron(II) binuclear helicates that are amenable to molecular design, opens a path to double quantum dot cellular automata for information storage and processing.
Control over Multiple Nano‐ and Secondary Structures in Peptide Self‐Assembly
Authors: Ghosh Goutam , Barman Ranajit , Mukherjee Anurag , Ghosh Uttam , Ghosh Suhrit , Fernández Gustavo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHerein, we report the rich morphological and conformational versatility of a biologically active peptide (PEP‐1), which follows diverse self‐assembly pathways to form up to six distinct nanostructures and up to four different secondary structures through subtle modulation in pH, concentration and temperature. PEP‐1 forms twisted β‐sheet secondary structures and nanofibers at pH 7.4, which transform into fractal‐like structures with strong β‐sheet conformations at pH 13.0 or short disorganized elliptical aggregates at pH 5.5. Upon dilution at pH 7.4, the nanofibers with twisted β‐sheet secondary structural elements convert into nanoparticles with random coil conformations. Interestingly, these two self‐assembled states at pH 7.4 and room temperature are kinetically controlled and undergo a further transformation into thermodynamically stable states upon thermal annealing: whereas the twisted β‐sheet structures and corresponding nanofibers transform into 2D sheets with well‐defined β‐sheet domains, the nanoparticles with random coil structures convert into short nanorods with α‐helix conformations. Notably, PEP‐1 also showed high biocompatibility, low hemolytic activity and marked antibacterial activity, rendering our system a promising candidate for multiple bio‐applications.
Multiplexed Small‐Molecule‐Ligand Binding Assays by Affinity Labeling and DNA Sequence Analysis**
Authors: Cai Bo , Krusemark Casey J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSmall‐molecule binding assays to target proteins are a core component of drug discovery and development. While a number of assay formats are available, significant drawbacks still remain in cost, sensitivity, and throughput. To improve assays by capitalizing on the power of DNA sequence analysis, we have developed an assay method that combines DNA encoding with split‐and‐pool sample handling. The approach involves affinity labeling of DNA‐linked ligands to a protein target. Critically, the labeling event assesses ligand binding and enables subsequent pooling of several samples. Application of a purifying selection on the pool for protein‐labeled DNAs allows detection of ligand binding by quantification of DNA barcodes. We demonstrate the approach in both ligand displacement and direct binding formats and demonstrate its utility in determination of relative ligand affinity, profiling ligand specificity, and high‐throughput small‐molecule screening.
Electrochemical Trifluoromethoxylation of (Hetero)aromatics with a Trifluoromethyl Source and Oxygen
Authors: Ouyang Yao , Xu Xiu‐Hua , Qing Feng‐Ling 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTrifluoromethoxylated aromatics (ArOCF3) are valuable structural motifs in the area of drug discovery due to the enhancement of their desired physicochemical properties upon the introduction of the trifluoromethoxy group (CF3O). Although significant progress has been made recently in the introduction of CF3O group into aromatics, current methods either require the use of expensive trifluoromethoxylation reagents or require harsh reaction conditions. We present a conceptually new and operationally simple protocol for the direct C−H trifluoromethoxylation of (hetero)aromatics by the combination of the readily available trifluoromethylating reagent and oxygen under electrochemical reaction conditions. This reaction proceeds through the initial generation of CF3 radical followed by conversion to CF3O radical, addition to (hetero)aromatics and rearomatization. The utility of this electrochemical trifluoromethoxylation is illustrated by the direct incorporation of CF3O group into a variety of (hetero)aromatics as well as bio‐relevant molecules.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as a New Class of Promising Cathode Materials for Aluminum‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kong Dongqing , Cai Tonghui , Fan Haodong , Hu Haoyu , Wang Xiaohui , Cui Yongpeng , Wang Dandan , Wang Yesheng , Hu Han , Wu Mingbo , Xue Qingzhong , Yan Zifeng , Li Xuejin , Zhao Lianming , Xing Wei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAs an emerging post‐lithium battery technology, aluminum ion batteries (AIBs) have the advantages of large Al reserves and high safety, and have great potential to be applied to power grid energy storage. But current graphite cathode materials are limited in charge storage capacity due to the formation of stage‐4 graphite‐intercalated compounds (GICs) in the fully charged state. Herein, we propose a new type of cathode materials for AIBs, namely polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which resemble graphite in terms of the large conjugated π bond, but do not form GICs in the charge process. Quantum chemistry calculations show that PAHs can bind AlCl4− through the interaction between the conjugated π bond in the PAHs and AlCl4−, forming on‐plane interactions. The theoretical specific capacity of PAHs is negatively correlated with the number of benzene rings in the PAHs. Then, under the guidance of theoretical calculations, anthracene, a three‐ring PAH, was evaluated as a cathode material for AIBs. Electrochemical measurements show that anthracene has a high specific capacity of 157 mAh g−1 (at 100 mA g−1) and still maintains a specific capacity of 130 mAh g−1 after 800 cycles. This work provides a feasible “theory guides practice” research model for the development of energy storage materials, and also provides a new class of promising cathode materials for AIBs.
Selective Approaches to α‐ and β‐Arylated Vinyl Ethers
Authors: Domzalska‐Pieczykolan Anna , Funes‐Ardoiz Ignacio , Furman Bartłomiej , Bolm Carsten 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe developed simple and efficient protocols for palladium‐catalyzed regioselective α‐ and β‐arylations of structurally diverse vinyl ethers. Both catalytic methods proceed under relatively mild reactions conditions applying to a broad substrate range including more complex compounds providing arylated glucal or isochromene. Lacking the common requirement of a large reagent excess, the transformations are highly economic and limiting the waste production. Results from computational studies (DFT) provided insight into the key factors determining the pronounced regioselectivities of the investigated reactions.
Condensed Supramolecular Helices: The Twisted Sisters of DNA
Authors: Du Guanqun , Belić Domagoj , Del Giudice Alessandra , Alfredsson Viveka , Carnerup Anna M. , Zhu Kaizheng , Nyström Bo , Wang Yilin , Galantini Luciano , Schillén Karin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCondensation of DNA helices into hexagonally packed bundles and toroids represents an intriguing example of functional organization of biological macromolecules at the nanoscale. The condensation models are based on the unique polyelectrolyte features of DNA, however here we could reproduce a DNA‐like condensation with supramolecular helices of small chiral molecules, thereby demonstrating that it is a more general phenomenon. We show that the bile salt sodium deoxycholate can form supramolecular helices upon interaction with oppositely charged polyelectrolytes of homopolymer or block copolymers. At higher order, a controlled hexagonal packing of the helices into DNA‐like bundles and toroids could be accomplished. The results disclose unknown similarities between covalent and supramolecular non‐covalent helical polyelectrolytes, which inspire visionary ideas of constructing supramolecular versions of biological macromolecules. As drug nanocarriers the polymer–bile salt superstructures would get advantage of a complex chirality at molecular and supramolecular levels, whose effect on the nanocarrier assisted drug efficiency is a still unexplored fascinating issue.
Tailoring the Pore Surface of 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks via Post‐Synthetic Click Chemistry
Authors: Gui Bo , Liu Xuefen , Cheng Yuanpeng , Zhang Ya , Chen Pohua , He Minghui , Sun Junliang , Wang Cheng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThree‐dimensional covalent organic frameworks (3D COFs) have gained increasing attention for their attractive features. However, the development of 3D COFs is strongly restricted, mainly due to their synthetic difficulty and complicated structure determination. Post‐synthetic modification, which can avoid these problems by incorporating functional moieties into a predetermined framework, provides an alternative way to construct 3D COFs with specific functions. Herein, we report the designed synthesis and characterization of a series of highly crystalline 3D COFs with different loadings of ethynyl groups. Notably, these alkyne‐tagged 3D COFs provide a platform for targeted anchoring various specific groups onto the pore walls via click reactions. Moreover, the pore surface engineering can accordingly change their properties, for example, the obtained click products exhibited higher CO2/N2 selectivity. We describe a simple but powerful strategy to build functional 3D COFs, which will certainly advance them for a ranging of interesting applications in the future.
Influence of siloxanes viscosity and concentration on low‐temperature impact modification and melt flow behavior of polycarbonate
Authors: Srivastava Jitendra Nath , Gupta Sanjiv Kumar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractReactive blending of polycarbonate (PC) with hydroxyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMSOH) enhances the impact strength at sub‐zero temperature and also influences the melt flow property of the modified PC. Both viscosity and concentration of the siloxane play role differently on modification of the properties. PDMSOH was incorporated in the polymer chains of PC by transesterification reaction in presence of alkali catalyst. Higher concentrations of siloxane though increased low‐temperature ductility but often at the expense of undue enhancement of melt flow property. Selection of PDMSOH of an appropriate viscosity however could overcome this problem. Different grades of siloxane modified PC could be developed having good impact strength at −30°C while simultaneously maintaining its desired melt flow property. Izod impact tester, melt flow index meter, viscometer, UV–Vis spectrometer and scanning electron microscope were used to characterize the material. This work will pave the way for developing desired grades of PC for low‐temperature applications.
Impact of video content and resolution on the cognitive dynamics of surveillance decision‐making
Authors: Frame Mary E. , Maresca Anna M. , Boydstun Alan S. , Warren Rik 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSecurity screeners identify targets from surveillance videos. Their performance can fluctuate as resolution or video content salience varies. Image spatial resolution may be degraded if a camera has low pixel density. Similarly, temporal resolution can be degraded due to transmission interference or low bandwidth. Both types of deteriorated resolution can increase observer uncertainty and reduce target identification accuracy. Further, these outcomes may reflect an interaction between target type and resolution. To help quantify, study, and explain possible interactions, we utilize process‐tracing methodology to understand the cognitive dynamics of surveillance decisions. These insights can improve the development of surveillance augmentation technologies and processes. Mouse tracking is a robust process‐tracing method successfully leveraged to observe continuously unfolding cognitive processes. Lateral vacillating mouse movements reflect decision uncertainty, and trajectory curvature serves measures cognitive conflict to select an unchosen alternative. We utilized mouse tracking to measure decision conflict during a video surveillance task with varying salience due to resolution or target type. Greater cognitive conflict was found when observers classified person‐related targets compared to vehicle‐related targets. Trajectories indicated stronger certainty when classifying events as having occurred, rather than when indicating events did not occur. Greater cognitive conflict was seen under degraded spatial resolution when observers were moderately confident compared to strongly confident or reported themselves as guessing. Under degraded temporal resolution, the greatest cognitive conflict occurred when observers reported they were guessing. Beyond these findings, we have demonstrated the viability of mouse tracking as an unobtrusive process‐tracing method for measuring uncertainty during realistic surveillance.