bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daily monitoring of viral load measured as SARS-CoV-2 antigen and RNA in blood, IL-6, CRP and complement C3d predicts outcome in patients hospitalized with COVID-19
Authors: Brasen Claus Lohman , Christensen Henry , Olsen Dorte A. , Kahns Søren , Andersen Rikke F. , Madsen Jeppe B. , Lassen Amanda , Kierkegaard Helene , Jensen Anders , Sydenham Thomas V. , Madsen Jonna S. , Møller Jens K. , Brandslund Ivan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
We hypothesized that the amount of antigen produced in the body during a COVID-19 infection might differ between patients, and that maximum concentrations would predict the degree of both inflammation and outcome for patients.

Methods
Eighty-four hospitalized and SARS-CoV-2 PCR swab-positive patients, were followed with blood sampling every day until discharge or death. A total of 444 serial EDTA plasma samples were analyzed for a range of biomarkers: SARS-CoV-2 nuclear antigen and RNA concentration, complement activation as well as several inflammatory markers, and KL-6 as a lung marker. The patients were divided into outcome groups depending on need of respiratory support and death/survival.

Results
Circulating SARS-CoV-2 nuclear antigen levels were above the detection limit in blood in 65 out of 84 COVID-19 PCR swab-positive patients on day one of hospitalization, as was viral RNA in plasma in 30 out of 84. In all patients, complete antigen clearance was observed within 24 days. There were definite statistically significant differences between the groups depending on their biomarkers, showing that the concentrations of virus RNA and antigen were correlated to the inflammatory biomarker levels, respiratory treatment and death.

Conclusions
Viral antigen is cleared in parallel with the virus RNA levels. The levels of antigens and SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the blood correlates with the level of IL-6, inflammation, respiratory failure and death. We propose that the antigens levels together with RNA in blood can be used to predict the severity of disease, outcome, and the clearance of the virus from the body.
Identities are no joke (or are they?): humor and identity in Vivek Mahbubani’s stand-up
Authors: Lam Charles 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUsing the lenses of humor studies and narrative analysis, this paper discusses the stand-up comedy of Vivek Mahbubani, a Hong Kong-born stand-up comedian of Indian descent. Mahbubani uses humor about ethnicity-related issues to highlight the irrationality of racial discrimination and stereotypes. Specifically, Mahbubani challenges people’s preconceived ideas about the speakerhood of Cantonese and the local identity. The present study demonstrates how this comedian has effectively built humor into his narrative as a response to oppression, thus engaging the local, ethnically Chinese audience to reflect on the social and ethnic tension felt by minorities in Hong Kong. This study further argues that Mahbubani’s comedy reflects a more general trend in stand-up comedy: humor as a vehicle for a more inclusive and progressive grand narrative across different cultures; this trend stands in stark contrast to earlier ethnic jokes that often made minorities the target of verbal humor.
Convective heat transfer in magnetized flow of nanofluids between two rotating parallel disks
Authors: Waqas Hassan , Khan Shan Ali , Muhammad Taseer , Yasmin Sumeira 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Inspired by several implementations (metal mining, turbine disc, spinning disk, mechanical engineering and drawing of plastic film) of nanoliquid flow between rotating disks, we have reported a theoretical analysis on magnetohydrodynamic flow of kerosene base liquid containing three different nanoparticles namely manganese-zinc ferrite, cobalt ferrite and nickel-zinc ferrite between two parallel rotating-disks. Thermal radiation and convection thermal-conditions are considered. Furthermore, the significant properties of induced magnetic field are accounted to control the flow and thermal transport phenomenon. Furthermore, the temperature distribution is improved by employing Cattaneo-Christov heat flux. This communication is critical in the engineering sector due to different implementations including power technology, cooling reactors, fuel cells etc. The system of nonlinear higher order dimensionless equations is found by applying appropriate similarities-transformations. The exact solution of such strong nonlinear equations is not possible therefore we construct the numerical solution by employing bvp4c (shooting approach) in the MATLAB. Physical trends of velocities, pressure and thermal fields are discussed in detail. The outcomes indicate that stretching parameter of lower disk causes improvement in axial and radial fluid velocity. Fluid radial velocity near the lower disk is improved for growing Reynolds number. Moreover, the thermal field is enhanced for growing thermal Biot parameter at lower disk.
The Sino–US trade war in political cartoons: A synthesis of semiotic, cognitive, and cultural perspectives
Authors: Zhang Cun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEconomic globalization has resulted in more frequent trading frictions, some of which have escalated into trade wars such as the one between China and the US. Drawing on the same corpus built by Zhang and Forceville (Zhang, Cun & Charles Forceville. 2020. Metaphor and metonymy in Chinese and American political cartoons (2018–2019) about the Sino–US trade conflict.Pragmatics and Cognition27(2). 476–501), and complementing insights of that paper, this paper investigates how the Sino–US trade war is metaphorically and metonymically constructed in 129 Chinese and American political cartoons respectively from a synthesized perspective. Based on comparative analyses, cross-cultural similarity and uniqueness in the semiotic, cognitive, and cultural aspects can be concluded as follows: (a) at the expression level, the shared dominant mode configuration pattern of metaphor and metonymy requires extra-textual knowledge to identify the target domain/concept while the source domain/vehicle concept is pinpointed through pictorial resources; (b) at the cognition level, “us” and “them” are distinctively evaluated by using the metonymy BODILY REACTION FOR EMOTION, cultural symbols, and the Great Chain metaphor. The Chinese cartoons converge on disapproving of “them” while the American cartoons converge on disapproving of “us” and diverge on conceptualizing “them”; (c) a variety of cross-cultural default scenarios are employed in the Chinese cartoons whereas the American cartoons utilize non-default scenarios influenced by only American cultures. Both aim for persuasiveness by employing emotionally charged source domains/vehicle concepts, but to different audiences.
Language and dialogue in philosophy and science
Authors: Weigand Edda 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article gives an overview of how ‘language’ and ‘dialogue’ are dealt with in recent approaches of philosophy, science and dialogue analysis. The philosophy of language is outlined by referring to a few selected examples. Linguistic science is mainly addressed from the perspective of attempts to structure pragmatics. The basic premise is that dialogue is the key to pragmatics. The goal of this article is to demonstrate how a theory of dialogue can be developed as a complex whole, which requires the transition from classical science to New Science. The basic guideline is the desire to arrive at the unity of philosophy and science, which can be achieved by considering philosophy as a normative component in the study of the meaning of our existence.
A high speed all optical half adder using photonic crystal based nonlinear ring resonators
Authors: Shamsi Alireza 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper a high speed optical half adder is designed. The working mechanism of the proposed structure is based on optical threshold switching. Three nonlinear ring resonators are used for this purpose. These nonlinear ring resonators are created by adding doped glass based rods inside the resonant rings. The proposed structure works with optical waves with central wavelength and optical intensity equal to 1550 nm and 1 W/μm2 respectively. The rise time is 2 ps.
On primitive solutions of the Diophantine equation x
2 + y
2 = M
Authors: Busenhart Chris , Halbeisen Lorenz , Hungerbühler Norbert , Riesen Oliver 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We provide explicit formulae for primitive, integral solutions to the Diophantine equation

x

2

+

y

2

=
M

{x}^{2}+{y}^{2}=M

, where

M

M

is a product of powers of Pythagorean primes, i.e., of primes of the form

4
n
+
1

4n+1

. It turns out that this is a nice application of the theory of Gaussian integers.
AI and Phronesis
Authors: Eisikovits Nir , Feldman Dan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe argue that the growing prevalence of statistical machine learning in everyday decision making – from creditworthiness to police force allocation – effectively replaces many of our humdrum practical judgments and that this will eventually undermine our capacityfor making such judgments. We lean on Aristotle’s famous account of howphronesisand moral virtues develop to make our case. If Aristotle is right that the habitual exercise of practical judgment allows us to incrementally hone virtues, and if AI saves us time by taking over some of those practical judgments, or if its pattern recognition capacities are very good at learning that kind of behavior – we risk innovating ourselves out of moral competence with the introduction of AI.
Comprehensive performance analysis and optimal design of smart light pole for cooperative vehicle infrastructure system
Authors: Zhang Ronghui , Liu Cong , Gou Wanting , Liu Qiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
On the basis of the finite element theory, in this study, a theoretical design and simulation practice to carry out steady-state static analysis, structural dynamics analysis, and electromagnetic interferencecharacteristics analysis on smart light poles, is combined. On this basis, a design of modular weight reduction and cost reduction was proposed, which realized the multi-objective parameter optimization of the smart light pole. The simulation results show that the mass of the optimized light pole can be reduced by 14.2%, and the material cost can be reduced by 14.7%. At the same time, the comprehensive performance of the optimized smart light pole can still meet the design requirements of the industry standards. The research results provide a reference for the lightweight design and the comprehensive analysis of the smart light pole in the future.
Decorated or Undecorated: Analysis of the Early-Middle Neolithic Transition in Western Iberia Through the Ceramic’s Stylist Techniques and Decorative Motifs
Authors: Neves César 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this article, we study the role played by pottery production in the transition from Early Neolithic to Middle Neolithic in Western Iberia (∼4500–3300 cal BC) based on a critical analysis of the available empirical data. We establish a chronological and cultural sequence for this period, regarding which the historical problematic is still poorly defined due to a lasting absence of scientific discussion about the long Neolithisation process. During the evolved Early Neolithic (∼5200–4500 cal BC), archeological record shows regional specificities and cultural identities in human groups occupying a vast territory. Pottery collections evidence the strong social importance of decorative grammars, marked by a wide variety of techniques and decorative patterns. In quantitative terms, decorated vessels largely prevail over undecorated vessels. However, in the following chrono-cultural phase, the Initial Middle Neolithic (∼4500–3700 cal BC), it starts an increasing prevalence of undecorated vessels over decorated. Decorative systems prefer the incision technique to impression (dominant in the Early Neolithic). Recurrent use of an incised motif called incised line below the rim. In this period, this type of decoration prevails in the set of decorated pottery and is found in different geographic contexts. This adds consistency to the interpretation according to which the same artifact collections are found in all settlements of the initial Middle Neolithic. Finally, by the time of the first-known Megalithic burials – Full Moment of the Middle Neolithic (3700–3300 cal BC) – the decorative grammars almost disappear from pottery sets, which became more “common” and missed some of their symbolic and social meaning. Undecorated vessels prevail even more strongly than in the previous period.
Animist Ontologies in the Third Millennium BCE? Hunter-Gatherer Persistency and Human–Animal Relations in Southern Norway: The Alveberget Case
Authors: Mansrud Anja , Berg-Hansen Inger Marie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article aims to contribute novel data and perspectives into the long-standing debate about economic strategies in the fourth and third millennium in South Norway, by introducing novel results from a Pitted Ware coastal site in Agder County, southern Norway. The analysis of artifactual and faunal assemblages as well as lipid analysis from ceramics indicate a varied subsistence economy with terrestrial hunting, gathering, and specialized marine fishing strategies, targeting Atlantic bluefin tuna and seals. These procurement strategies were maintained throughout the middle and into the late Neolithic period (c. 3300–2200 BCE). No unequivocal evidence of cultivation was documented before the early Bronze Age, around 1700 BCE. This article maintains that exploring and explaining long-time continuity, and the environmental, cultural, and social mechanisms, which underwrite enduring traditions, remains a pertinent issue in Neolithic archeology. To broaden our understanding of the causes underlying cultural persistence, we need to move beyond a view of foraging peoples as either ecologically adapted or as economically optimized and employ a perspective that acknowledges the fundamental importance of human–animal relations in prehistoric lives and worldviews. Drawing on insights from relational anthropology and multi-species archaeology, we maintain that an animist ontology endured among the Pitted Ware groups and endorsed the foraging persistency characterizing the third millennium in Southern Norway.
Colorants in cosmetic applications
Authors: Lanzendörfer-Yu Ghita 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The color cosmetic market, even though highly dependent on color, is driven by texture. Pigment and color innovation are predominantly taking place in the field of inorganic effect pigments, as colorants are regulated within the different cosmetic directives and toxicological profiles have to be established prior to use. Therefore, the formulation and the packaging are the relevant innovative factors. Nevertheless, color cosmetics are driven by fashion and trends. One of the main drivers for sales is social networks. They are image based and therefore the ideal platform to spread these trends, boosting sales of color cosmetics recently.
Even though, color cosmetics seem to be very simple in composition, the development, production and quality control are far from that. In color cosmetics, all cosmetic disciplines cumulate: dispersion strategies, emulsion technologies, molding and extruding of sticks and pencil leads, mixing and compressing of powders, liquid inks and so on. And almost every discipline requires separate production vessels, resulting in a rather complex manufacturing process.
Prospects for using boron in metallurgy. Report 1
Authors: Zhuchkov V. I. , Zayakin O. V. , Akberdin A. A. 
Published: August 2021

On the basis of literature and our own data, the effect of boron on characteristics of all stages of metallurgical processes (from sintering, smelting of cast iron and ferroalloys, to steel production) and on the properties of the resulting slag and metal was studied. To intensify the pellets hardening at the stage of liquid-phase sintering and to improve their metallurgical properties, it is sufficient to have 0.20 – 0.35 % of boron oxide in them. According to the laboratory studies, the presence of boron oxide in pellets increases their compressive strength by 1.5 – 1.7 times and hot strength by 3 – 4 times. While studying the mechanism and kinetics of sulfur removal, it was shown that the presence of boric anhydride significantly intensifies processes of pellets desulfurization. Their intensive progress goes to the zones of lower temperatures of 1050 – 1100 °С. To increase the sinter strength characteristics, it is possible to add B2O3 to the charge. The introduction of 0.44 % of B2O3 does not affect the sinter abrasion. The content of fines (0 – 5 mm) in comparison with the base sample is reduced by 1.5 times. The use of boron pellets in blast-furnace smelting makes it possible to increase the basicity of the final slag from 1.10 to 1.16. In this regard, the sulfur distribution coefficient increases from 48 to 74. The sulfur content in cast iron decreases by 0.005 %. The possibility of using boron and its compounds to improve the technical and economic indicators of production and the quality of pellets, sinter and cast iron is shown on the base of the presented theoretical, laboratory-experimental and industrial data.
Thermodynamic modeling of iron and zinc reduction from B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ‒ CaO ‒ Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ‒ ZnО melt by СО ‒ CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub> ‒ Н<sub>2</sub>О mixtures
Authors: Vusikhis A. S. , Leont’ev L. I. , Selivanov E. N. 
Published: August 2021

The paper presents the thermodynamic modeling results of zinc and iron reduction from B2O3 ‒ CaO ‒ Fe2O3 ‒ ZnО melts by CO ‒ CO2 and H2 ‒ H2O mixtures containing 0 – 60 % CO2 (H2O) at 1273 – 1673 K using a technique describing the reduction of metals from an oxide melt by gas in bubbling processes, under conditions that provide an approximation to real systems. Its originality is equilibrium determination for each individual portion of gas supplied into the working fluid. The reducible metals oxides content in each calculation cycle is taken from the previous data. During the calculations, changes in the content of zinc (СZnO ) and iron (СFe2O3 , СFe3O4 and СFeO ) oxides in the melt and the degree of their reduction were estimated. When using CO or H2 as a reducing agent, this process proceeds in three stages. In the first stage, Fe2O3 is reduced to Fe3O4 and FeO. CFe2O3 values decrease to almost zero, while CFe3O4 and CFeO increase simultaneously. By the end of the stage, СFe3O4 reaches its maximum value. At the second stage, the Fe3O4 → FeO transition occurs, when СFeO values reach its maximum. At these stages, there is a slight increase in the CZnO . At the third stage, the values CFeO and CZnO decrease, and iron and zinc are reduced. An increase in temperature dramatically reduces the gas consumption for zinc reduction by 2 – 3 times, and the replacement of CO with H2 reduces it by less than 20 %. In the presence of oxidizing agents (CO or H2O), only zinc is reduced. The process ends when the final content of zinc oxide in the melt corresponds to the equilibrium with the initial gas composition. The higher the temperature, the less CZnO is. The obtained data are useful for the development of technologies for the selective recovery of metals.
La communication dans le programme tunisien en santé sexuelle et reproductive
Authors: Ben Hassine Lamia 
Published: August 2021

Une analyse descriptive du processus d’information, d’éducation et de communication dans le programme tunisien de Santé sexuelle et reproductive (SSR) a été entamée. La connaissance au préalable des fondements de la communication en SSR sur le plan pratique est une étape essentielle et incontournable. Le concept de santé de la reproduction (SR) englobe non seulement la santé maternelle et infantile, mais aussi la santé sexuelle et la maîtrise de la fécondité. Les déterminants de la SR restent mal maîtrisés. Quels rôles jouent les organisations gouvernementales en matière d’éducation à la santé ? Quelles réponses proposent-elles aux populations ? Quelles actions de communication entreprises en SSR ? Quelles stratégies de communication en SSR adoptées dans un contexte marqué par l’émergence des comportements à haut risque ? Sont autant de questions nous permettant d’étudier l’évolution du contexte de la SSR en Tunisie, tenant compte des différentes données démographiques, épidémiologiques, sociologiques, et communicationnelles.
Usages d’un Coping Modèle en EPS auprès d’élèves déficients cognitifs
Authors: Martin Liza , Lafont Lucile 
Published: August 2021

Cette étude de cas, menée dans un Lycée Professionnel, souligne l’intérêt d’une procédure de guidage ajustée, le Coping Modèle (CM), pour favoriser la construction d’un enchaînement en step en Education Physique et Sportive (EPS) par des élèves d’ULIS (Unité Localisée pour l’Inclusion Scolaire). Elle prolonge de précédentes expérimentations menées lors de nos travaux de thèse (Martin, 2011), ayant démontré la supériorité d’une démonstration ajustée sur la démonstration classique sans dimension didactique, pour l’acquisition de tâches gymniques. Quatre élèves féminines, âgées de dix-sept à dix-huit ans, aux difficultés cognitives associées à une faible estime de soi reconnues par la Maison Départementale des Personnes Handicapées, ont observé une élève formée au rôle de CM. Le CM simule les conduites-typiques des débutants puis progresse par étape, tout en déployant des techniques de coping (« faire face à ») pour surmonter ses difficultés. Les effets ont été mesurés quantitativement sur la Performance Motrice (PM), le Sentiment d’Efficacité Personnelle (SEP) et le Soi Physique, et qualitativement, à partir d’entretiens post-expérimentation sur les relations à autrui dans la classe. Les résultats révèlent des progrès pour les quatre élèves et une perception positive de l’influence de cette expérience sur le rapport aux autres.
Rationalisation du drame et réappropriation du corps des jeunes en établissement pour accidentés de la route
Authors: Vollet Juliette , Zaffran Joël 
Published: August 2021

L’article s’appuie sur une enquête qualitative menée auprès de jeunes accidentés de la route âgés de 15 à 24 ans et séjournant dans un centre de rééducation. Il propose une analyse portant sur le sens qu’ils donnent à leur expérience de l’épreuve du corps et des soins inscrite dans une trajectoire marquée par un évènement majeur qui n’est ni voulu ni attendu. La démarche privilégie des entretiens semi-directifs d’une durée relativement longue – entre 1 heure et 4 heures – reconduits à plusieurs moments de leur parcours de soin. Comment des jeunes hospitalisés dans un établissement pour accidentés de la route se réapproprient leur corps, et comment cette appropriation les aide-t-elle à faire du tragique un bénéfice en vue de leur passage à l’âge adulte ? L’article montre que si le drame de l’accident a remis en cause leur vie, il rend nécessaire la rationalisation de l’événement pour surmonter les changements produits sur le corps. Du reste, ce travail est mené dans un contexte précis, le centre hospitalier de rééducation. Cela oblige à voir l’appropriation de l’accident et son impact sur les trajectoires de vie comme un processus contextualisé. La transformation de l’accident en « évènement bénéfique » dépend donc des autres, les soignants et les pairs, autant que des jeunes eux-mêmes et de leurs parents. Du reste, la dépendance au contexte fragilise le processus puisqu’un changement de contexte risque de ne pas produire les mêmes effets subjectifs.