bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preseason Functional Movement Screen But Not Y-Balance Test Scores Predict Musculoskeletal Injury in Elite Female Fast-Pitch Softball Athletes
Authors: Zhao Xiujing , Pribyslavska Veronika , Yu HoYeol , Scudamore Eric M. 
Published: December 2024

Context: Functional movement screen (FMS) and Y-balance test (YBT) are used to predict the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. FMS and YBT tools in relation to injury in elite female softball athletes have not been examined. Objectives: This study aims to (1) compare the differences in FMS, Y-Balance upper quarter (YBT-UQ), and lower quarter (YBT-LQ) scores between injured and noninjured group and (2) determine the ability of FMS and YBT scores to predict the odds of musculoskeletal injury in elite fast-pitch female softball athletes. Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: Thirty-eight athletes (age = 22.9 [2.6] y, height = 170.2 [5.2] cm, mass = 65.5 [7.2] kg) completed preseason FMS and YBT assessments. Injury data were collected throughout one full season, categorized based on the location of the injury, and then recorded as a binary variable (ie, injured and noninjured groups). FMS, YBT-UQ, and YBT-LQ scores were compared between injured and noninjured groups. Binary logistic regression was used to predict the occurrence of injury among softball athletes. Results: FMS scores were significantly lower for the injured group compared with the FMS scores belonging to the noninjured group (P ≤ .001; d = 1.52). Lower FMS composite scores predicted injury (Wald(df = 1) = 6.755; odds ratio = 0.231; P = .009; 95% confidence interval, 0.076–0.697). No between-group differences existed in YBT-UQ (P = .67; d = 0.14) and YBT-LQ (P = .16; d = 0.50) composite scores between the injured and the noninjured groups. YBT-UQ (Wald(df = 1) = 2.300; odds ratio = 0.893; P = .129; 95% confidence interval, 0.772–1.033) and YBT-LQ (Wald(df = 1) = 0.145; odds ratio = 1.024; P = .703; 95% confidence interval, 0.906–1.157) were not significant predictors of injury. Conclusions: FMS appears to be a valuable screening tool for assessing musculoskeletal injury risk in elite fast-pitch female softball athletes.
Symptomatic glucocorticoid-induced adrenal suppression in the United Kingdom and Ireland: a BPSU study
Authors: Wood Claire L , Lane LC , Barlow H , Drake Amanda J , Kanthagnany Sai-Kalyani , Pearce Mark S , Sachdev Pooja , Blair Joanne C , Cheetham Tim 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo determine the incidence and describe the presentation and management of unexpected symptomatic glucocorticoid-induced adrenal suppression (AS) in children and young people aged 0–15 years.Setting and designSurveillance study of symptomatic glucocorticoid (GC)-induced AS with supportive biochemical evidence or presenting as an adrenal crisis, reported via the British Paediatric Surveillance Unit (BPSU) from September 2020 to September 2022.ResultsOver a 25-month period, 190 reports of symptomatic GC-induced AS/adrenal crisis were made, of which 22 were confirmed cases: 18 AS and 4 adrenal crises. This translates to an incidence rate of 0.09 new cases of GC-induced AS per 100 000 children aged 0–15 per year in the UK. There was a broad range of underlying diagnoses requiring GC prescription (16) and GC preparations (13). Of the 22 patients, 7 had more than 1 type of GC prescribed. The administration of oral GC occurred in 19 of the cases, inhaled GC use in 7, topical use in 5 and 1 case occurred after a single intramuscular injection of GC. All patients were discussed with a paediatric endocrinology team.ConclusionsThe incidence of AS from this UK-based BPSU study is lower than a similar Canadian study. This may indicate that paediatricians in the UK and Ireland are becoming more aware of the potential for GC-induced AS and thus are more proactive to prevent its occurrence. The clinical cases still highlight the need to educate families and healthcare professionals with a view to further reducing the morbidity and potential mortality associated with GC-induced AS.
Role of urinary trace elements in diabetic kidney disease: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Gao Tianrui , Lv Jia , Lu Lizhen , Guo Lijuan , Tang Weitian , Shao Fengmin , Zhu Shiwei , Zhang Yuchen , Jia Ruiqi , Zhou Jing , Gao Chang , Gu Yue 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe balance of trace elements plays an important role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) patients. However, studies on the differences in urinary trace elements across different DKD stages are scarce. This study aimed to explore the associations between nine essential trace elements and DKD.Research design and methodsThis cross-sectional analysis included 830 diabetic patients. Participants were classified into non-DKD (NDKD) and DKD, the latter was further grouped into mid and end DKD based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and the case and control were matched based on age and sex. The concentration of urinary trace elements was measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.ResultsUrinary concentrations of copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) in DKD patients were significantly higher than that of NDKD patients, whereas that of iron (Fe), cobalt, selenium, and nickel (Ni) of DKD were lower. Positive correlations between urinary Mn/Cu and the risk of mid-stage and end-stage DKD were revealed by conditional logistic regression, while Fe and Ni were negatively associated with the risk of DKD. In mixed effect analyses, no significant trend was found for joint trace element exposure and risk of mid DKD, while negative associations between combined effects of trace elements and the risk of end DKD were observed.ConclusionsThis study revealed different associations between trace elements and the risk of mid and end DKD using both single and mixture effect modeling. The results suggested that the urinary trace element profile might be associated with the progression of DKD, which provides important insights for understanding the pathogenesis of DKD and developing individualized nutritive management strategies.
Parallel randomised trial testing community fibrosis assessment for suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: outcomes from LOCATE-NAFLD
Authors: Tulleners Ruth , Barnett Adrian , O'Beirne James , Powell Elizabeth , Hickman Ingrid J , Valery Patricia C , Kularatna Sanjeewa , Stuart Katherine , McIvor Carolyn , Witness Elen , Aikebuse Melanie , Brain David 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is estimated to affect a third of Australian adults, and its prevalence is predicted to rise, increasing the burden on the healthcare system. The LOCal Assessment and Triage Evaluation of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (LOCATE-NAFLD) trialled a community-based fibrosis assessment service using FibroScan to reduce the time to diagnosis of high-risk NAFLD and improve patient outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a 1:1 parallel randomised trial to compare two alternative models of care for NAFLD diagnosis and assessment. Participants had suspected NAFLD and were referred to a hepatology clinic in one of three major hospitals in South-East Queensland. Eligible consenting participants were randomised to receive usual care or the intervention (LOCATE). Participants in the intervention arm received a FibroScan outside of the hospital setting, with results provided to their primary care provider and the referring hepatologist. All participants were followed up 12 months after randomisation to measure their clinical and patient-reported outcomes.Results97 participants were recruited from October 2020 to December 2022. Of the 50 participants randomised to the intervention arm, one failed to attend their appointment, and of the 48 (98%) who had a FibroScan 13 (27%) had a liver stiffness measurement of 8.0 kPa or greater. The HR for the time to diagnosis of high risk was 1.28 (95% CI 0.59 to 2.79), indicating a faster average time to diagnosis with the intervention, but failing to conclusively demonstrate a faster time. The intervention did greatly reduce the time to FibroScan by almost 1 year (median difference 0.92 years, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.45). Other clinical outcomes showed minimal changes.ConclusionThe LOCATE model shows potential for impact, particularly in reducing waiting times for patients at high risk of developing severe liver disease due to NAFLD. A larger sample and longer follow-ups are needed to measure additional clinical outcomes.Trial registration numberACTRN12620000158965.
Economic evaluation of proton pump inhibitors in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review
Authors: Tabaeian Seidamir Pasha , Moeini Sajad , Rezapour Aziz , Afshari Somayeh , Souresrafil Aghdas , Barzegar Mohammad 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesOur aim was to systematically review the cost-effectiveness of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapies and surgical interventions for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD).DesignThe study design was a systematic review of economic evaluations.Data sourcesWe searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science for publications from January 1990 to March 2023. Only articles published in English were eligible for inclusion.Eligibility criteriaStudies were included if they were full economic evaluations comparing PPIs with surgical or alternative therapies for GORD. Excluded were narrative reviews, non-peer-reviewed articles, and studies not reporting cost-effectiveness outcomes.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently extracted data on study design, comparators, time horizon, and cost-effectiveness outcomes. The quality of studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist for economic evaluations.ResultsA total of 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) was found to be cost-effective in long-term horizons, while PPIs were preferred for short- to medium-term outcomes. Differences in healthcare settings and methodological approaches influenced the study findings.ConclusionsStrategic purchasing decisions for GORD treatment should consider the time horizon, healthcare setting, and cost structures. LNF may provide better long-term value, but PPIs remain effective for managing symptoms in the short term.Study registrationPROSPERO, CRD42023474181.
Helicobacter pyloriinfection and staple-line leak in patients with class III obesity undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a retrospective study
Authors: Kazim Albaraa H , Bamehriz Fahad Y , Althwanay Aldanah M , Aldohayan Abdullah , Abdullah Al-Bandari Zamil , AlShehri Bandar , AlTuwayr Rakan Masoud , Razack Habeeb I A , Tamim Hani , Alsohaibani Fahad , Alqahtani Saleh A 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveGlobally, over 50% of the population is affected byHelicobacter pylori, yet research on its prevalence and impact in patients with obesity undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is inconclusive. This study aimed to assess the prevalence ofH. pyloriinfection in individuals with obesity undergoing LSG, evaluate the percentage of postoperative staple-line leaks, and explore the potential link betweenH. pyloriinfection and staple-line leaks.MethodsThis retrospective analysis assessed adult patients with class III obesity who underwent LSG between 2015 and 2020 at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Patient characteristics with and without postoperative staple-line leaks were compared, exploring the link betweenH. pyloriinfection and these leaks.ResultsOf the 2099 patients (mean age, 34.7±12.2 years; female, 53.5%) included, 35% hadH. pyloriinfection and 2% experienced post-LSG staple-line leaks. Patients withH. pyloriwere older (36.1±11.8 vs 34.0±12.3 years, p<0.0001). Patients with leaks were older, mostly male, and had higher body mass index (p<0.05). However, only 29% of those with leaks wereH. pylori-positive. A non-significant association was found betweenH. pyloriinfection and staple-line leaks (adjusted OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.33 to 1.60, accounting for age, body mass index, and sex).ConclusionsAlthough over one-third of patients with class III obesity undergoing LSG hadH. pyloriinfection, a non-significant association was observed with post-LSG staple-line leaks, suggesting routine preoperativeH. pyloriscreening may not be necessary.
Gender-transformative HIV and SRHR programme approaches for adolescents and young people: a realist review to inform policy and programmes
Authors: Gourlay Annabelle , Walker Damilola , Singh Sagri , Mata Migena , Birdthistle Isolde 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionGender inequalities continue to drive new HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) at rates too high to achieve global goals. In high HIV-burden jurisdictions, this is particularly true for adolescent girls and young women at disproportionate risk, while social and systemic barriers also impede the engagement of young men and gender minorities with health services. We sought evidence of approaches to promote sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes by addressing gender transformation and removing structural barriers that broadly limit prospects for adolescents and young people.MethodsWe conducted a realist review to identify HIV and SRH-focused interventions with gender transformative mechanisms. Eligible interventions sought to achieve HIV/STI prevention, sexual behaviour or pregnancy outcomes among young people by enhancing agency, resources and social norms supportive of gender transformation. We developed a programme theory to guide the data extraction and synthesis and categorised interventions by strategy, recording impacts on health and/or gender-related outcomes.ResultsWe identified 33 eligible interventions, representing diverse programme strategies and outcomes. Most interventions used a combination approach, with economic strengthening as the most common central strategy (n=13), followed by community-based mobilisation for norms change (n=7), then school-based educational curricula (n=6). The majority (n=24) achieved ‘dual effects’, that is, positive effects on both healthandgender-related outcomes; 15 with dual effects specific to HIV prevention. Few evaluations measured or found impacts on HIV/STI incidence. 12 reported positive impacts on condom use alongside improved agency or gender norms.ConclusionsYouth-focused interventions that address context-specific economic and social determinants of HIV and SRH risk have proliferated recently, with encouraging impacts on both HIV/SRH and gender-related outcomes. This bodes well for empowering strategies to achieve HIV and STI reduction targets among adolescents and young people, and broader SRH goals. However, most interventions prioritise individual rather than structural change; impeding their ‘gender transformative’ potential.
Effectiveness of a nurse-led coaching in self-care intervention for elderly undergoing total laryngectomy: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zheng Liyuan , Chen Jian , Wang Huifen , Peng Danxia , Lu Yuchen , Liu Shu'e , Liu Yan , Li Xue , Ye Sanxia , Mei Zhidan , Wei Lai , Xu Chun 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led coaching in self-care (SC) interventions for elderly patients undergoing total laryngectomy (TL) using multidimensional parameters.DesignThis was a double-arm randomised, single-centre trial that met the requirements of the CONSORT statement.SettingHead and neck department in a tertiary A-level hospital.InterventionElderly patients scheduled for TL were randomly allocated to either the control group (n=24) or the intervention group (n=23). Patients in the control group received routine nursing care during hospitalisation and, subsequently, at home after discharge, received conventional family care without the regular supervision of nurses. Patients in the intervention group received a series of SC interventions led by nurses during hospitalisation and discharge and implemented SC practice using the home SC manual (SC knowledge and SC diary), nurses regularly supervised and evaluated the SC effect. The primary outcome was the SC ability. Secondary outcomes were self- efficacy, quality of life (QoL) and nutritional status.ResultsThe SC intervention improved the SC ability, self-efficacy, QoL and nutritional status scores of patients in the intervention group compared with that of patients in the control group (p<0.01). The outcomes showed that the intervention had a significant effect on SC ability, self-efficacy and QoL scores, with both the main effects of time and intervention, as well as their interaction being significant (p<0.05). Nutritional status, as assessed using the PG-SGA, was better in the intervention group than in the control group (p<0.001). No adverse events (AEs) were observed in either group.ConclusionNurse-led SC intervention for elderly patients with TL is an effective strategy that can bring multidimensional benefits, including higher self-efficacy, stronger SC ability to actively solve health problems, better QoL and nutritional status, as well as shorter hospital stays.Trial registration numberChiCTR2100043731.
Voice of the nurse in paediatric intensive care: a scoping review
Authors: Masterson Kate , Connolly Michael , Alexander Denise , Brenner Maria 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesThe objective was to explore how the voice of the nurse in paediatric intensive care units (PICU) is portrayed in the literature.DesignScoping review using the six-step scoping review framework outlined by Arksey and O’Malley.Data sourcesPubMed, Nursing (OVID), Medline (OVID), CINHAL (EBSCO), SCOPUS and Web of Science online databases. The initial search was conducted in June 2020 and was repeated in January 2023.Eligibility criteriaThe review included publications in English; published since 2010 in peer-reviewed journals; papers identified nurses in the population studied and conducted in PICU.Data extraction and synthesisThe papers were screened by abstract and subsequently by reading the full text by two independent reviewers. The literature was imported into the software program NVivo V.12 for thematic analysis.ResultsThe scoping review identified 53 articles for inclusion. While the value of seeking the voice of the nurse has been identified explicitly in other healthcare contexts, it has only been identified indirectly in PICU. Four main themes emerged from the data: the voice of the nurse in the organisation of PICU, caring for children in PICU, as a healthcare professional, and communication in PICU.ConclusionWhile this literature suggests many facets of the complex role of the nurse, including partnership with families and advocating for patients, the limited literature on care delivery reduces the capacity to fully understand the voice of the nurse at key junctions of care. Further research is needed on the voice of the nurse in PICU to illuminate the barriers and enablers for nurses using their voices during decision-making.
Development and internal validation of prognostic models for event-free survival in newly diagnosed Ewing sarcoma patients based on routinely collected clinical characteristics from the European randomised controlled trial, EE2012
Authors: Kirton Laura , Riley Richard , Gaunt Piers , Brennan Bernadette , Snell Kym 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionEwing sarcoma is a rare paediatric cancer. Currently, there is no way of accurately predicting these patients’ survival at diagnosis. Disease type (ie, localised disease, lung/pleuropulmonary metastases and other metastases) is used to guide treatment decisions, with metastatic patients generally having worse outcomes than localised disease patients. However, not all patients fit this trend. An accurate prognostic model could be used to guide treatment decisions in clinical practice to avoid patients being incorrectly under or overtreated.Methods and analysisThis study aims to develop and internally validate prognostic models in newly diagnosed Ewing sarcoma patients, using the EE2012 clinical trial data set. The models will incorporate prognostic factors, identified from a literature review, to predict patients’ probability of event-free survival at clinically important time points. Three models will be developed, for comparison of their performance and stability, using different methods of model selection and penalisation for overfitting (full model or backwards selection applying uniform shrinkage; and lasso variable selection). The models will be internally validated using bootstrapping to give optimism-adjusted performance statistics (calibration and discrimination) and model stability results. Patient and clinical user groups will be asked to determine risk thresholds to guide treatment decisions in clinical practice based on the model. Decision curve analyses will examine clinical utility at these thresholds.Ethics and disseminationThis study is a secondary analysis of EE2012 clinical trial data. The EE2012 trial received ethical approval from the competent authorities (UK ethics reference approval number 12/NW/0827). This study is covered by the trial ethics in place. The results from this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals to act as a benchmark for future studies.Trial registration numberEudraCT number 2012-002107-17. ISRCTN number 92192408.
Determining the intention of receiving the influenza vaccine: a cross-sectional survey among international and domestic college students in the USA
Authors: Liu ChengChing , Chen Angela Chia-Chen , Ling Jiying , Liu Charles , Zahry Nagwan , Ammigan Ravichandran , Kaur Loveleen 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveVaccination is the most effective strategy for preventing infectious diseases, yet it is underused in young adults. College students are important targets for the influenza vaccine given this population’s low vaccination rates; however, limited research has focused on international college students’ vaccination status. This study examined the relationships between the theory of planned behaviour (TPB; attitudes, perceived behavioural control (PBC) and subjective norms) and students’ intention of receiving an influenza vaccine.Design, setting and participantsA cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 222 domestic students recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk and 197 international students recruited through the Registrar’s Office at a Midwest university.ResultsInternational students had higher levels of PBC, intention and attitudes towards receiving an influenza vaccine compared with domestic students. Being Hispanic (β=−5.33; 95% CI −9.84 to −0.81, p=0.021), up-to-date vaccination status (β=−1.60; 95% CI −2.99 to −0.17, p=0.028) and identifying as smokers (β=−2.94; 95% CI −5.72 to −0.15, p=0.039) significantly lowered college students’ intention. Attitudes (international: β=0.14; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.23, p=0.003; domestic: β=0.14; 95% CI 0.07 to 0.22, p<0.001), subjective norms (international: β=0.40; 95% CI 0.29 to 0.51, p<0.001; domestic: β=0.34; 95% CI 0.23 to 0.44 p<0.001), and PBC (international: β=0.09; 95% CI 0.004 to 0.18, p=0.042; domestic: β=0.10; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.19, p=0.019) were significantly associated with both domestic and international students’ intention of receiving an influenza vaccine.ConclusionFindings support the TPB’s potential utility to enhance domestic and international college students’ influenza vaccination rates.