bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making the case for strong health information systems during a pandemic and beyond
Authors: Schmidt A.E. , Abboud L.A. , Bogaert P. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The Sars-CoV-2 pandemic exacerbates existing inequalities across health care systems globally, both within countries and between countries. It also highlights, like no other crisis before, existing weaknesses in health information systems (HIS). This article summarizes these key challenges for HIS in times of a pandemic and beyond, with a focus on European countries. It builds on the experiences of a large consortium representing HIS experts in key positions in national public health or similar institutes across Europe.Methods: Data were collected in bi-weekly conference calls organized by the InfAct project between February and June 2020. Emerging themes were clustered and analysed around a WHO framework for health information systems (HIS). We analyse strengths of HIS at two levels: (i) dealing with health information directly, and (ii) dealing with other parts of information systems that allow for a holistic assessment of the pandemic (including health-related aspects). Results: The analysis highlights the need for capacity-building in HIS before a pandemic hits, the relevance of going beyond health information only related to health care but taking a broader perspective (e.g. on vulnerable groups), the need for strong reporting systems on staffing numbers and in primary care. Further, data linkage emerges as a crucial precondition to identify unmet needs for essential health care services in a timely manner. Finally, room for innovation and digitalisation is key to be able to react flexibly in times of crisis. Trust for health information stakeholders is another important factor to create strong HIS.Conclusions: The strengths and shortcomings of European HIS that have been observed during the COVID-19 crisis highlight the need for strong HIS beyond the crisis. The experiences reported leave as a central message that successful reactions to the pandemic are (also) grounded in strong HIS that ultimately not only benefit the health of the population but also create a number of economic and psycho-social benefits. Strong data reporting schemes may also support fine-tuning of containment measures during a pandemic as well as transition phases.
Changes in COVID-19 Morbidity in an Ethnic Minority Between First and Second Pandemic Waves
Authors: Saban Mor , Myers Vicki , Peretz Gidi , Avni Shlomit , Luxenburg Osnat , Wilf-Miron Rachel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, ethnic minorities have been more susceptible to infection and demonstrated poorer outcomes. In the first wave of disease, Israel’s Arab minority exhibited far lower morbidity and mortality rates, compared with the general population. However, this trend reversed completely during the second wave. We describe the rates of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in Arab and Jewish localities during the first and second peaks of the outbreak and address socio-cultural aspects of the pandemic.Methods: A retrospective national archive study was conducted in Israel. Data were obtained from the Ministry of Health's database, including daily information on Arab, Jewish or mixed localities, from February to September 2020. Results: In April 2020, positive test rate was 3 times lower and death rate 10.7 times lower in the Arab compared to the Jewish population. During the second wave, morbidity and mortality rose dramatically in the Arab population, with 12% positive test rate in the Arab compared to 9% in the Jewish population and similar death rates in both populations. Conclusions: Following a promising start in the first wave, a surge in infections occurred in the Arab population during the second wave. The huge burden on the health system resulting from high morbidity across all population groups contributed to the decision to implement a second national lockdown. This unique pattern highlights the changing experience of a minority group during the second wave and demonstrates how COVID-19 exacerbates existing disparities.
ASF1B May Regulate the Tumor Microenvironment and Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition in Malignant Mesothelioma to Induce the Differentiation of Sarcomatoid Phenotype as a Prognosis Target
Authors: Chen Tianqi , Jia Yingjie , Li Xiaojiang , Kong Fanming , Yin Yafei , Guo Shanqi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
IntroductionMalignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare malignant tumor with a poor survival. However, few markers are verified that related to sarcomatoid differentiation or further stratification of prognosis.MethodsWe analysis the significance of ASF1B expression in MM by analyzing the public dataset from TCGA, GEO and Oncomine database. Furthermore, we investigated the biological function of ASF1B in immune microenvironment and the effect of ASF1B in survival, gene ontology enrichment, GSEA enrichment and related microRNA.ResultsASF1B expression was significantly higher in MM by GEO data compared to normal lung tissue (p<0.0001). This study provides evidence that the increased expression of ASF1B is significantly associated with poor prognosis and inhibitory immune cell infiltration in patients with MM and highlight that ASF1B could be used as a novel predictive biomarker for the prognosis of MM which is related to the differentiation of sarcomatoid phenotype.ConclusionASF1B May Regulate the Tumor Microenvironment and Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition in Malignant Mesothelioma to Induce the Differentiation of Sarcomatoid Phenotype as a Prognosis Target. Further researches need to be conducted to figure out how exactly the ASF1B affect the microenvironment.
Motion Style Acupuncture Treatment for Acute Lumbar Sprain: a Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Ju , Zhang Di , Zhao Tianyu , Ma Jiang , Liu Xiaoxiao , Shen Yinli , Luo Danqing , Guo Hong , Jin Song 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Acute lumbar sprain is a common cause of acute low back pain. Motion style acupuncture treatment (MSAT; a combination of acupuncture and motion therapy) has been used for patients with acute lumbar sprain, but evidence of its efficacy is inconsistent. The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis is to determine the effectiveness and security of motion style acupuncture treatment (MSAT) for acute lumbar sprain and to determine whether long-term effectiveness exists.Methods: Eight databases will be searched, including PubMed, SoniMed, Cochrane Library, EMBAS, Springer, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang date, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database from inception to February 1, 2021, will be restricted to English and Chinese. Methodologic quality was independently screened and graded by two blind reviewers using the Cochrane Collaborative bias risk tool. Meta-analysis was performed in at least three studies, and sub-group and sensitivity analyses were conducted when I2>50%. When the quantitative evaluation is not available, we will provide a qualitative description of the results of the individual study.Discussion: The conclusion of this protocol will provide evidence to judge the potential benefits of motion style acupuncture and conduct clinical decision-making for acute lumbar sprain treatment.Systematic review registration: A protocol had been registered in PROSPERO CRD42020192876.
Detection of Intestinal Parasites With Automated Sedimax2®. A New Step in the Parasitological Diagnosis in High Throughput Laboratories.
Authors: Fernandez-Rivas Gema , Rivaya Belén , Romaní Nona , Wang Jun Hao Wang , Alcaide Mireya , Matas Lurdes 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Despite the low prevalence of parasitic infections in Europe, the diagnosis of intestinal parasites is difficult and laborious for microbiology laboratories. Currently, the antigens detection kits and the molecular biology have allowed an easier diagnosis. But these techniques have also limitations due to the fact that they do not detect all possible parasites presents in the samples. The objective of the study was to evaluate the accuracy and the usefulness of SediMAX2® (77 Elektronika, Budapest, Hungary) automated microscopy in the detection of parasitic structures from feces. A total of 197 formol-fixed stool samples were processed in parallel with wet mount examination and by SediMAX2®. Sensitivities, specificities and predictive values were analyzed, reaching sensitivity of 89.51% and specificity of 98.15%. Predictive values were also calculated with a very good positive predictive value (99.22%). SediMAX2® is a good tool for a reliable diagnosis of intestinal parasitic infections. The easiness of use, processing and the flexibility in the images analyse allows its incorporation in the day to day laboratory work as an extra step for the parasitologists workload.
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty versus Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: Outcome Comparison in Osteoarthritis patients with or without Concurrent Rotator Cuff Deficiency
Authors: Long Zeling , Huang Tony Chieh-Ting , Yu Hanzhong , Wang Wanchun , Wang Yicun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common shoulder disorder that impacts shoulder functions. Shoulder arthroplasty is often required to restore function and quality of life. Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA), which was originally designed mainly for irreparable rotator cuff damage, has gained popularity in recent years for the treatment of advanced shoulder OA instead of the clinically standard total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). However, this RSA has some nonnegligible flaws such as higher complications rate and economic cost, not mention the following problems caused by irreversible physical structural damage. Therefore, the employment of RSA needs to be carefully considered.PurposeThis study aimed to compare TSA and RSA in OA patients with or without rotator cuff damage to better guide clinical decision making. We believe the radical use of RSA in patients without rotator cuff deficiency may cause more harm than good.Study designCross-sectional studyMethodsWe queried the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2011 to 2014 to collect information on OA patients who received TSA and RSA. Patients were divided into 2 groups of comparison according to the presence of rotator cuff deficiency and matched with propensity score analysis.Results A total of 57,156 shoulder arthroplasties were identified. RSA patients in the rotator cuff deficiency group had significant higher transfusion rates and longer hospital stays. RSA patients without rotator cuff deficiency had a statistically significantly higher number of implant-related mechanical complications, acute upper respiratory infections and postoperative pain. Overall, RSA incurred higher costs in both groups.ConclusionFor OA patients with rotator cuff deficiencies, RSA has its benefits as complication rates were comparable to TSA. For those patients without rotator cuff deficiencies, the use of RSA should be reconsidered as there were more complications with higher severity.
Preclinical evidence to support repurposing Everolimus for craving reduction during protracted drug withdrawal&nbsp;&nbsp;
Authors: Chiu Alvin S. , Kang Matthew C. , Sanchez Laura L. Huerta , Fabella Anne M. , Holder Kalysta N. , Barger Brooke D. , Elias Kristina N. , Shin Christina B. , Chavez C. Leonardo Jimenez , Kippin Tod E. , Szumlinski Karen K. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Cue-elicited drug-craving is a cardinal feature of addiction that intensifies (incubates) during protracted withdrawal. In a rat model, these addiction-related behavioral pathologies are mediated, respectively, by time-dependent increases in PI3K/Akt1 signaling and reduced Group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGlu) expression, within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Herein, we examined the capacity of single oral dosing with Everolimus, an FDA-approved inhibitor of the PI3K/Akt effector mTOR, to reduce incubated cocaine-craving and reverse incubation-associated changes in vmPFC kinase activity and mGlu expression. Rats were trained to lever-press for intravenous infusions of cocaine or delivery of sucrose pellets and then subjected to tests for cue-reinforced responding during early (3 days) or late (30-46 days) withdrawal. Rats were gavage-infused with Everolimus (0-1.0 mg/kg), either prior to testing to examine for effects upon reinforcer-seeking behavior, or immediately following testing to probe effects upon the consolidation of extinction learning. Single oral dosing with Everolimus dose-dependently blocked cocaine-seeking during late withdrawal and the effect lasted at least 24 h. No Everolimus effects were observed for cue-elicited sucrose-seeking or cocaine-seeking in early withdrawal. Additionally, Everolimus treatment, following initial cue-testing, reduced subsequent cue hyper-responsivity exhibited observed during late withdrawal, arguing a facilitation of extinction memory consolidation. Everolimus’ “anti-incubation” effect was associated with a reversal of withdrawal-induced changes in indices of PI3K/Akt1/mTOR activity, as well as Homer protein and mGlu1/5 expression, within the prelimbic (PL) subregion of the prefrontal cortex. Our results indicate mTOR inhibition as a viable strategy for interrupting heightened cocaine-craving and facilitating addiction recovery during protracted withdrawal.
mGluR5-dependent acetylcholine, serotonin, and norepinephrine mediated modulation of synaptic eligibility traces into LTD in mice visual cortex
Authors: Khan Shumsuzzaman 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In reward-based learning, synaptic eligibility traces are a well-defined theoretical solution for the conversion of initial co-activation of pre and postsynaptic neurons into long-term changes in synaptic strength by reward-linked neuromodulators. However, the types of neuromodulators involved in such a phenomenon in mouse visual cortex remain unknown. To characterize the Ex vivo condition, we used optogenetic stimulation of channelrhodopsin-(ChR2) expressing Cre/Ai32(ChR2-eYFP); Tph2-Cre/Ai32(ChR2-eYFP); Thi-Cre/Ai32(ChR2-eYFP) homozygous mice, which release acetylcholine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, respectively. With these mice it is possible to measure the transformation of eligibility traces into long-term changes by endogenous neuromodulators. Here we delineated that layer 2/3 neurons in the visual cortex showed no LTD after conditioning with paired-pulse low-frequency stimulation (ppLFS; 2Hz, 15 min). However, if conditioning was paired with acetylcholine, serotonin, or norepinephrine release upon 473 nm optical stimulation in brain slices, LTD occurs in every case. Thus, our data suggests a new pathway to connect the gap between stimulus and reward. Moreover, we found that stimulation by theta-glass or metal stimulators evoked IPSC traces with the same amplitudes but differences in decay kinetics, further questioning the appropriate use of stimulators in brain slices for evoking an event.
The Mediating Effect of Cognitive Appraisal on the Relationship Between Sleep Habits and the Stress Response Among Japanese Female College Students
Authors: Aizawa Noriko , Omori Mika 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Undergraduate students tend to develop “evening-type” sleep patterns. However, recent research has reported that evening-type and irregular sleep habits are related to physical and mental stress responses, particularly in female students. Although the connection between sleep habits and the stress response has been well documented, the mechanism behind this relationship is currently unknown. Using the transactional model as a framework and female students as our target population, we examined whether sleep habits predict the stress response through the mediation of cognitive appraisals of one’s own sleep habits.Methods: Three hundred twenty-one Japanese female college students participated in this study. Participants completed measures of their sleep habits (sleep patterns and sleep irregularity), cognitive appraisals of their sleep habits (including four subscales: commitment, appraisal of influence, appraisal of threat, and controllability), stress responses (depression and anxiety), and control factors. The reliability and validity of the scales used in this study, except for sleep pattern and sleep irregularity, were confirmed in previous studies. Results: Multiple-mediation-model analysis indicated that commitment mediates the relationship between sleep pattern and anxiety. Meanwhile, cognitive appraisals, as a whole, were found to have a mediating effect on the relationship between sleep irregularity and depression. Conclusions: Our study revealed that cognitive appraisals mediated the relationship between sleep habits and the stress response. The findings also suggest that maintaining a low level of commitment might be effective for reducing anxiety, especially considering the difficulty associated with changing lifestyles. The findings of the present study should be useful for health education related to lifestyle.
Detection Of Hypermucoviscous Klebsiella Pneumoniae And Phenotypic Comparison Of Their Virulence Factors With Classical Strains Among Patients Visiting Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Thapa Tika Bahadur , Maharjan Sujina , Giri Nisha , Sapkota Manisha , Shrestha Ojaswee , Khanal Puspa Raj , Joshi Govardhan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae which are commonly recognized in laboratory are termed as classical K. pneumoniae (cKP). A new strain of K. pneumoniae named hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae (hmvKP) emerging with a distinctive feature than classical strains. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae in our hospital and their phenotypic comparison with the classical strains.Methods : This laboratory-based cross-sectional study done from February to July 2018, in the Department of Microbiology, Manmohan Memorial Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. One hundred and five clinical non-duplicative isolates of K. pneumoniae proceeded for the study. Hypermucoviscosity of isolated K. pneumoniae were tested by standard String test. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Further β-lactamases (ESBL, MBL, and KPC) were detected by the phenotypic combination disk test method. Serum resistance and biofilm production were determined to assess their virulence.Results: A total of one hundred five non-repetitive pure and microbiologically identified K. pneumoniae were taken for study. Among the isolated K. pneumoniae, 29 (27.6%) were hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae (hmvKP) and 76(72.4%) were classical K. pneumoniae (cKP) determined by string test. The majority of K. pneumoniae were resistant to ceftazidime (80%) and cefotaxime (78%) whereas all the isolates were found susceptible to polymyxin b and colistin. Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBLs) production, Metallo-beta lactamase (MBL), Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) production, biofilm, and serum resistance were compared among classical and hypermucoviscos strains and the hypermucoviscous strains revealed significantly higher expression of virulence than classical strainsConclusion: The expression of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance was found significantly higher among the hypermucoviscous strains when phenotypically compared. The prevalence of these hypermucoviscous strains in hospital settings may increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment strategies are crucial.
Modeling acute ethanol-induced impairment with gastric organoids
Authors: Wang Wanjuan , Zhao Ying , Su Zeqi , Chu Fuhao , Li Tao , Li Yuan , Song Xiaoyu , Liu Xu , Liu Xing , Ding Xia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Ethanol has been linked to atrophic gastritis and gastric carcinoma. Although it is well known that ethanol can result in hypochlorhydria, the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain poorly understood.Results: Here we used gastric organoids to show that ethanol permeabilized the apical membrane of gastric parietal cells and induced ezrin hypochlorhydria. The functional consequences of ethanol on parietal cell physiology were studied using organoids. Gastric organoids were pre-incubated in the basic medium or with EGTA or E64 , and incubated at 37℃ in either medium alone, or medium containing 6% ethanol. We assessed ezrin proteolysis. Ethanol permeabilization induced activation of calpainⅠand subsequent proteolysis of ezrin, which resulted in the liberation of ezrin from the apical membrane of the parietal cells. Significantly, expression of calpain-resistant ezrin restored the functional activity of parietal cells in the presence of ethanol.Conclusion: Taken together, our data indicated that ethanol disrupted the apical membrane-cytoskeleton interactions in gastric parietal cells and thereby caused hypochlorhydria.
Factors Associated with Duration of Breastfeeding in Bangladesh: Evidence from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2014
Authors: Ayesha Ummay , Mamun ASMA , Sayem Md. Abu , Hossain Golam 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding for optimum duration is one of the most effective ways to reduce infant morbidity and mortality and confirm expected growth and development of children. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of socio-demo­graphic and anthropometric determinants on duration of breast­feeding among Bangladeshi mothers.Methods: The data was extracted from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS)-2014. A total of 3541 married non–pregnant Bangladeshi mothers in reproductive age who had at least one child aged 6-36 months were included in this study. Independent sample t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to find the significance difference in duration of breastfeeding between two and more than two groups respectively. Multiple linear regression model was utilized to determine the effect of some quantitative variables on duration of breastfeeding. Results: This study raveled that the mean and median duration of breastfeeding among Bangladeshi mothers was 18.91 (95% CI: 18.65-19.17) and 19.00 months respectively. Independent sample t-test and ANOVA showed that duration of breastfeeding among Bangladeshi mothers was significantly influenced by (i) ANC service, (ii) religion, (iii) mode of delivery, (iv) parents’ education, (v) geographical location and (vi) household wealth quintile. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that mothers’ age, mothers’ body mass index, total number of children and mothers’ age at first birth were important predictors of duration of breastfeeding.Conclusions: Healthcare providers and decision makers can consider these findings to make plan for counseling of mothers and family members to promote optimum duration of breastfeeding practice in first two years of baby’s life.