bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural Design of New Permeable Ecological Side Edge
Authors: Bai Qing , Sun Jiahui , Han Dong , Zheng Tianli , Huang Wei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The side ditch is a longitudinal ditch set up on both sides of the road cutting to collect and remove precipitation from the road surface, road shoulder and side slope. It is the most common drainage facility in highway construction. However, the existing side ditches are generally wide, large, and deep, with a single structure, and poor coordination with the environment along the line. For this reason, this paper proposes a new type of permeable ecological side ditch structure design. Under the premise of ensuring the basic functions of the side ditch, this design effectively solves the problem that the edge of the side ditch is susceptible to erosion due to accumulated rainwater or frost heave in the alpine areas with high groundwater level. At the same time, to maximize the strength of the side ditch and enhance its ecological function.
Inventory and Characteristics of Small-Scale PM2.5 in a District of Tianjin
Authors: Liu Shengnan , Li Jing , Yue Yayun , Yang Duokun , Zhai Huaxin , Sun Meng , Liu Maohui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Based on the activity level data of PM2.5 pollution sources in a certain area around Tianjin City, corresponding emission factors were selected to construct a 0.5km×0.5km small-scale PM2.5 emission inventory for the area in 2017. The results showed that in 2017, an area around the city of Tianjin emitted 3,509.91 tons of PM2.5. According to the emission inventory of PM2.5, in terms of the emission categories of pollution sources, the emission proportion of dust sources, process sources, road mobile sources and fixed combustion sources is 48%, 38%, 6% and 5% respectively. From the perspective of pollution sources, steel emissions accounted for 35% of the overall PM2.5 emissions, and road dust emissions accounted for 25.4% of the overall emissions. In addition, spatial distribution results show that there are pollution sources such as 1 boiler, scattered coal, some enterprises, several main roads, several construction sites and a large number of restaurants within a 3-kilometer radius of a monitoring station in a district around the city of Tianjin. The PM2.5 emitted by these pollution sources will directly affect the PM2.5 concentration in the district. There are still some uncertainties in this list, so the data of activity level, such as road traffic flow, need to be further detailed, and the localization study of emission factors should be further carried out, so as to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of regional pollution prevention strategies.
Study on the Response Mechanism of Ecosystem Services to Urban Land Expansion by Dynamic Equivalent Factor Method: A case of Wuhan, China
Authors: Cao Gang , Liu Yanzhong , Song Xiangxiang , Chen Yong , Zhang Zuo , Wu Dan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A clear insight into the response mechanism of Ecosystem Services (ESs) to urban land expansion can provide references for balancing the relationship between urbanization and ecosystem. Some qualitative studies have looked at the relationship between ESs and urban land expansion, but they can hardly reveal the response mechanism. Thus, we adopted the dynamic equivalent factor method to quantitatively assess each of the Ecosystem Service Values (ESVs) and the total ESVs, then explored the response mechanism through the correlation analysis in Wuhan. The results showed that: (1) During 1990-2015, various ESVs in Wuhan decreased continuously, with the largest decline in the food production, the smallest in hydrology regulation; the ESVs of the whole region showed a downward trend, particularly, in the central region where construction land was concentrated, the ESVs dropped sharply. (2) The demand pressure of ESs brought by population growth was much larger than the direct damage of urban land expansion to ESs. (3) The urban land expansion had the greatest damage to raw material production. This research could deepen the understanding of the relationship between urban land expansion and the decrease of ESVs, but also provide theoretical references for the reasonable expansion of urban land in Wuhan.
Study on the Influence of COIM model on the Water Environment of inland River ship pollution discharge
Authors: LI Jiatong , Cao Yali , Wang Xia , Zhang Feng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In order to calculate and analyze the ship sewage river water environment, the influence of internal selection of rivers into the lake taihu main Chengdong port as the research object, based on the speed of flow, ship, ship engine power data such as a ship sewage and oil wastewater is put forward and the calculation method of and on the basis of zero dimensional water quality model, using the method of simulation optimization control goal against the push model (COIM method), the water environmental carrying capacity and the associated model of ship emissions of pollutants. The maximum bearing capacity of the Chendong port water body to the ship is deduced by using the correlation model, and the method to improve the bearing capacity of the water body is proposed according to the COIM model. The results show that the number of ships can be accommodated in Chendong Port is more than three times that of the existing ships, and the organic oxygen consumption (COD), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the ship sewage have no significant influence on the water environment of Chendong Port.
Research on the correlation between colorectal adenoma and sucrase-isomaltase based on constitution theory
Authors: Deng Xu , Chen Haonan , Zhang Zhi , Zhang Yuehang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Intestinal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in the digestive system. Colorectal adenoma is closely related to colorectal cancer, which seriously threatens people’s health. This study selected colorectal adenoma tissue samples from patients with different traditional Chinese medicine constitutions as experimental objects, and used Sucrase-isomaltase (SI) as a marker to perform the research: the expression of SI in different samples; SI separation and purification; SI biochemical characteristic detection; the difference in the expression and characteristic of SI, supplemented by database analysis. The constitution susceptible to colorectal adenoma is mainly Yang deficiency type, followed by blood stasis type. It is expected to establish the relationship between SI and colorectal adenoma and traditional Chinese medicine constitutions.
Research on the Causes and Prevention Strategies of Air Environmental Pollution
Authors: Liang Xiaotian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In today’s era, the process of urbanization is accelerating, which has made the issue of air environmental pollution the focus of people’s attention. Air environmental pollution has seriously damaged people’s lives and health, and the prevention and control of air pollution has become increasingly severe. As a result, the causes of air pollution and the Prevention and control strategies are conducive to protecting the daily environment and providing new ideas for pollution prevention. Based on this, this article focuses on studying the causes of air pollution and pollution protection strategies in order to better protect the environment and promote sustainable development.
Effect of atmospheric environment on frequency variation of QCM
Authors: Guo Kai , Jiang Bo , Li Xingeng , Zong Lijun , Tian Shuang , Zhu Gengzeng , Wu Yaping , Zhao Mingzhe , Mi Chunxu , Yao Shuo , Wang Weina , Yan Fengjie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the natural/electric field environment, quartz crystal contact medium is generally considered as rigid thin film. However, with the increase of time, when the ash coverage reaches the level of microgram, the crystal frequency changes show characteristics similar to those in Newtonian fluid, that is, large damping causes the crystal frequency to change greatly, leading to large stray and chaotic peaks in both amplitude frequency and phase frequency. The spectrum curve amplitude is significantly reduced, the signal jitter is large, and the Q value is significantly reduced. The signal jitter in a small range results in a lot of burrs in the spectrum curve and causes the measurement error.
Problems and Countermeasures of Environmental Audit in Ecotourism
Authors: Jiang Haiyan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As an environmental management tool, eco-tourism environmental audit plays an important role in realizing the sustainable development of tourism. However, the environmental audit of eco-tourism cannot be formed overnight. In this long process, we need to work hard to improve the environmental audit of eco-tourism. The article takes Wuyi Mountain as the research object, finds the reasons why it cannot implement the sustainable development of eco-tourism environmental audit, and provides specific references for the implementation of eco-tourism environmental audit.
Emission Characteristics of Atmospheric Pollutants from Vessels in the Pearl River Delta
Authors: Qin Cuihong , Wang Zheng , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To control emissions from vessels, the establishment of emission inventories is a basic work. The paper first calculates emission inventory from vessels in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region using the bottom-up method based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, then analyses the emission characteristics, and based on which, the reduction effect of several emission control measures is discussed. The results of the study show that vessels in the PRD region emitted a total of 18,900 tons of SO2, 284,800 tons of NOx, 24,300 tons of PM10, 70,800 tons of HC, and 18,400 tons of CO in the year of 2017; emissions of atmospheric pollutants are highest under the mode of Slow-steaming, and lowest under the mode of Anchored; emissions from vessels are mainly concentrated in the port area and near the channel; China’s scheme of domestic emission control areas (DECAs) for vessels can have a good effect on sulfur oxide control.
Integrating hydrogen production with selective methanol oxidation to value-added formate over a NiS bifunctional electrocatalyst
Authors: Pi Zhenfeng , Zhong Heng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) severely limits the efficiency of the electrocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen. Therefore, an effective strategy is proposed to replace the OER with selective methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). A nickel sulfide nanosheet catalyst supported on Ni foam (NiS/NF) was prepared by a facile hydrothermal method following with sulfurization treatment. The as-obtained catalyst could be used for the co-electrolysis of methanol/water to produce hydrogen and value-added formate simultaneously. The electrocatalyst can selectively oxidize methanol to formate (1.36 V vs.RHE) and the energy consumption is significantly lower than OER. Furthermore, the integrated two-electrode electrolyzer drives 10 mA cm−2 at a cell voltage of 1.5 V with 96% Faradaic efficiency for MOR.
Advanced Treatment of Printing and Packaging Production Wastewater
Authors: Ni Tingting , Wang Yunzhong , Huang Chenghui , Jiang Dongsheng , Liu Qingyu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Aiming to ensure the quality of final effluent, combined with the existing research reports and similar engineering experience, the process of “Coagulation Sedimentation Contact Oxidation MBR” is selected as the main body to treat the wastewater in this paper. After the wastewater treatment system operates normally for one year, the results show that the removal rates of COD, BOD5, SS and chroma can reach 97.8%, 97.7%, 97.4% and 96.0% respectively, and the corresponding effluent concentrations are 96 mg/L, 25 mg/L, 18 mg/L and 20 mg/L, respectively, which meets and is better than the secondary discharge standard of the Integrated Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants in Haihe River Basin of Shandong Province (DB37/675-2007). The process has certain engineering advantages as the quality of wastewater treatment is high and the total cost of electricity and medicament for the wastewater treatment is low.
Analysis of income and expenditure of farmers’ household in the rain-fed area of Boyolali district
Authors: Hartoyo B , Komalawati  , Sahara D 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Farmers usually work in various activities to obtain income and fulfill household demands. The objectives of this study are to determine and investigate the structures and factors influencing farmer households’ income and expenses in the rain-fed areas. This research was conducted in Tegalgiri Village, Nogosari Sub-district, Boyolali District from January to March 2020. The study used survey technique. Data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the average household income of IDR 5,262,387/month with the largest proportion (65.31%) came from on-farm activities and 34.70% came from non-agricultural activities. Factors influencing household income were rice production and farmers’ education. The average household expenditure was IDR 3,869,634/month consisted of food expenditure 30.17%, 23.94% for non-food expenditure, and 19.42% for farming cost. Factors influencing household expenditure are income and land area. To increase household income and welfare, farmers need to optimize the management of rain-fed lowland and upland fields.
The development potential of multipurpose trees in northern Bandung special area as alternative for sustainable land use in upstream area
Authors: Susanto B , Supriyadi H , Argo Y 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Northern Bandung is Strategic Area of West Java which has important function and role in environmental sustainability of Bandung Basin. Currently, land utilization in that area is uncontrolled. It threatens the sustainability function of conservation area, since its function as watersheds, then cause various natural disasters such as erosion, landslides, and floods in the downstream areas. This study aimed to determine the potential of Northern Bandung as a Multipurpose Trees Special (MPTS) area and as an alternative to sustainable land use in upstream area. The research was done by field survey and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The results showed that Northern Bandung is grouped into four cultivation areas, namely: (1) Dryland Cultivation Areas (DCA), (2) Annual Plant Cultivation Areas (APCA), (3) Plantation Cultivation Areas (PCA) and (4) Conservation Area (CA). The MPTS area can be developed in DCA, APCA and PCA with area of approximately 11,924 ha. The development of MPTS Agricultural Area must consider the area characteristics by selecting environmentally friendly and sustainable cultivation technology. Alternative cultivation technologies which could be developed such as: 1) Mix Cropping pattern Technology Coffee Plants with Annual Plant, and 2) Mix Cropping pattern Technology Coffee Plants, Annual Plants and Seasonal Plants.
Soil moisture distribution analysis of subsurface flow constructed wetland using capacitive soil moisture sensor and its relation with Ipomoea reptans Poir growth
Authors: Setiawan D , Rohman F , Prasetyatama Y D , Soetiarso L , Radi  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland (SFCW) is commonly used as secondary treatment for septic tank with vegetation on it as biofilter, this made water stream out from the installation more environmentally friendly. This research aimed to study the distribution of soil moisture and its correlation to water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) growth in SFCW using Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor (CSMS). This research was done by monitoring soil moisture and water spinach growth parameters at the sand layer of SFCW in Srimartani Village, Piyungan District, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. This SFCW is connected with waste treatment system to collect wastewater from a house with three family members. Soil moisture monitoring was conducted using CSMS which installed on four different areas using two different depths variation (0.1 and 0.2 m) in 6 m2 of the SFCW. Ipomoea reptans Poir growth parameters was monitored in the stem length. The result proves that soil moisture content at distance of 0.25 m from the outlet pipe position was higher than soil moisture obtained at 0.75 m. Moreover higher soil moisture content has positive correlation with stem length of Ipomoea reptans Poir.
The effect of types and moisture contents of soybeans (Glycine max) on terminal velocity
Authors: Safira A S , Bintoro N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Terminal velocity of grain product is one of aerodynamics properties which needed for design machines or handling agricultural grains in pneumatics bulk handling systems. Terminal velocity is influenced by many factors, the two important factors are type of grain material and moisture content. This research was aimed to investigate the effect of types and moisture contents on terminal velocity of soybeans grain. Three different types of soybeans namely local, import, and local black soybean in three different moisture contents of 10, 13, and 16% (w.b) were investigated in this study, using factorial design 3 x 3. Each combination was replicate three times. Terminal velocities were investigated using self-constructed apparatus and the velocities were measured using hot wire anemometer. Result shows that types of soybeans and moisture contents significantly affected terminal velocity (p<0.05), however there no significant interaction was found. The higher moisture contents, the higher would be the terminal velocities value. Imported soybean had highest terminal velocity and local black soybean is the lowest ones. The relationship between terminal velocity and moisture content could be expressed in linear regression equations for these three types of soybean.
Physiological activity of banana coated with sago starch and cellulose nanofiber edible coating
Authors: Kasim R , Bintoro N , Rahayoe S , Pranoto Y 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Combination of sago starch with cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was developed to produce edible films and coatings for agriculture product. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of CNF concentration on sago starch edible coating for controlling the postharvest physiological activity to delay the deterioration of banana at room temperature. Effectiveness of sago starch edible coating with varying concentration of CNF (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%) was examined against water vapor permeability (WVP) of film and the changes in fruit physiochemical parameters including color change, total soluble solid, weight loss, and respiration. The results showed that edible coating based on sago starch blended with CNF effectively delayed the fruit color change and decreased the soluble solid content. In conclusion, sago starch with 9% CNF coatings was effective for extending the shelf life of the banana fruit at room temperature.
Evaluation of watermelon ripeness using self-developed ripening detector
Authors: Pamungkas W A , Bintoro N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Currently the evaluation of watermelon ripeness is performed manually by tapping the surface of fruit or by visually evaluating from its appearance. However, these evaluations are subjective and inconsistent, therefore, it is necessary to develop and use a reliable instrument for this purpose. This study aimed to develop a ripening detector apparatus based on acoustic impulse response and to be used for evaluating the ripeness stage of watermelon. In this study, five different maturity ages of watermelon, namely 39, 43, 47, 51, and 55 days after planting were evaluated. The acoustic responses were recorded using Audacity 2.3.1. The dominant frequencies and magnitude were then analyzed using Matlab R2014b. The acoustic parameters were related to fruit weight and soluble solid contents to distinguish the different maturity stages. The results showed that the dominant frequencies and the magnitudes were clearly related to the fruit weight and soluble solid contents. As the frequencies and the magnitudes decreased the fruit weight and soluble solids contents consistently increased during maturity period. Therefore, this finding confirmed that the developed ripening detector was reliable to evaluate and distinguish the different ripeness stage of watermelon.
Optimization of irrigation water allocation by using linear programming: case study on Belitang irrigation system
Authors: Imron F , Murtiningrum  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The irrigation water requirement in the Belitang Irrigation System cannot be fulfilled during dry season due to the limited water availability. Therefore, some agricultural land in the Belitang Irrigation System receive inadequate irrigation water. To solve this problem, it is necessary to optimize the allocation of irrigation water, thus, the existing potential area could be optimized. This study aimed to obtain optimum cropping area and maximum benefits by optimizing the allocation of irrigation water based on the dependable discharge and existing area. The optimum cropping area was obtained by making several alternative cropping patterns. The linear programming was used to analyze the optimization of irrigation water allocation. The results showed that the irrigation water allocation with a dependable discharge of 80% exhibited an optimum cropping area of 58,609 ha, cropping intensity of 271.36% and maximum benefits of IDR 1,041,186,630,000.00. From the results of these studies, the cropping pattern that can be applied by considering the water availability and the existing area to obtain the optimum cropping area and maximum benefit per year is paddy-paddy-paddy/second crop.
The relationship between soil nitrate distribution and growth rate of Capsicum frutescens in subsurface flow constructed wetland integrated with household septic tank
Authors: Prasetyatama Y D , Ngadisih  , Maftukhah R , Masithoh R E , Karyadi J N W , Soetiarso L 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Domestic wastewater treatment unit consisted of a single chamber septic tank and Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland (SFCW) was built in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. SFCW played a significant role as secondary treatment of septic tank effluent. This study aimed to analyze the soil nitrate and its distribution in sand layer of SFCW. The SFCW had a depth of 0.2 m of coral and sand layers with two leach pipes that were installed in the depth of 0.3 m along the garden and planted with chili (Capsicum frutescens). Soil nitrate content of SFCW and plant growth were analyzed for 8 weeks of observation. Soil samples were taken in different direction, both vertical and horizontal. In vertical direction, samples were taken with three different depth (10, 15, and 20 cm) from the surface. In horizontal direction samples were taken with three different distance from outlet pipe. Soil nitrate obtained in vertical direction was significantly different (P<0.005) with soil nitrate at the depth of 20 cm was higher than 15 cm and 10 cm. However, the soil nitrate obtained in horizontal direction was not significant (P>0.05). The soil nitrate has positive correlation with plant growth, the higher soil nitrate will increase the plant growth.