bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical geospatial and sociodemographic predictors of human mobility
Authors: Ruktanonchai Corrine W. , Lai Shengjie , Utazi Chigozie E. , Cunningham Alex D. , Koper Patrycja , Rogers Grant E. , Ruktanonchai Nick W. , Sadilek Adam , Woods Dorothea , Tatem Andrew J. , Steele Jessica E. , Sorichetta Alessandro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUnderstanding seasonal human mobility at subnational scales has important implications across sciences, from urban planning efforts to disease modelling and control. Assessing how, when, and where populations move over the course of the year, however, requires spatially and temporally resolved datasets spanning large periods of time, which can be rare, contain sensitive information, or may be proprietary. Here, we aim to explore how a set of broadly available covariates can describe typical seasonal subnational mobility in Kenya pre-COVID-19, therefore enabling better modelling of seasonal mobility across low- and middle-income country (LMIC) settings in non-pandemic settings. To do this, we used the Google Aggregated Mobility Research Dataset, containing anonymized mobility flows aggregated over users who have turned on the Location History setting, which is off by default. We combined this with socioeconomic and geospatial covariates from 2018 to 2019 to quantify seasonal changes in domestic and international mobility patterns across years. We undertook a spatiotemporal analysis within a Bayesian framework to identify relevant geospatial and socioeconomic covariates explaining human movement patterns, while accounting for spatial and temporal autocorrelations. Typical pre-pandemic mobility patterns in Kenya mostly consisted of shorter, within-county trips, followed by longer domestic travel between counties and international travel, which is important in establishing how mobility patterns changed post-pandemic. Mobility peaked in August and December, closely corresponding to school holiday seasons, which was found to be an important predictor in our model. We further found that socioeconomic variables including urbanicity, poverty, and female education strongly explained mobility patterns, in addition to geospatial covariates such as accessibility to major population centres and temperature. These findings derived from novel data sources elucidate broad spatiotemporal patterns of how populations move within and beyond Kenya, and can be easily generalized to other LMIC settings before the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding such pre-pandemic mobility patterns provides a crucial baseline to interpret both how these patterns have changed as a result of the pandemic, as well as whether human mobility patterns have been permanently altered once the pandemic subsides. Our findings outline key correlates of mobility using broadly available covariates, alleviating the data bottlenecks of highly sensitive and proprietary mobile phone datasets, which many researchers do not have access to. These results further provide novel insight on monitoring mobility proxies in the context of disease surveillance and control efforts through LMIC settings.
Variance-resistant PTB7 and axially-substituted silicon phthalocyanines as active materials for high-Voc organic photovoltaics
Authors: Vebber Mario C. , Rice Nicole A. , Brusso Jaclyn L. , Lessard Benoît H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhile the efficiency of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) has improved drastically in the past decade, such devices rely on exorbitantly expensive materials that are unfeasible for commercial applications. Moreover, examples of high voltage single-junction devices, which are necessary for several applications, particularly low-power electronics and rechargeable batteries, are lacking in literature. Alternatively, silicon phthalocyanines (R2-SiPc) are inexpensive, industrially scalable organic semiconductors, having a minimal synthetic complexity (SC) index, and are capable of producing high voltages when used as acceptors in OPVs. In the present work, we have developed high voltage OPVs composed of poly({4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl}{3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl] thieno [3,4 b]thiophenediyl}) (PTB7) and an SiPc derivative ((3BS)2-SiPc). While changes to the solvent system had a strong effect on performance, interestingly, the PTB7:(3BS)2-SiPc active layer were robust to spin speed, annealing and components ratio. This invariance is a desirable characteristic for industrial production. All PTB7:(3BS)2-SiPc devices produced high open circuit voltages between 1.0 and 1.07 V, while maintaining 80% of the overall efficiency, when compared to their fullerene-based counterpart.
Cardiorespiratory fitness assessment using risk-stratified exercise testing and dose–response relationships with disease outcomes
Authors: Gonzales Tomas I. , Westgate Kate , Strain Tessa , Hollidge Stefanie , Jeon Justin , Christensen Dirk L. , Jensen Jorgen , Wareham Nicholas J. , Brage Søren 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with mortality and cardiovascular disease, but assessing CRF in the population is challenging. Here we develop and validate a novel framework to estimate CRF (as maximal oxygen consumption, VO2max) from heart rate response to low-risk personalised exercise tests. We apply the method to examine associations between CRF and health outcomes in the UK Biobank study, one of the world’s largest and most inclusive studies of CRF, showing that risk of all-cause mortality is 8% lower (95%CI 5–11%, 2670 deaths among 79,981 participants) and cardiovascular mortality is 9% lower (95%CI 4–14%, 854 deaths) per 1-metabolic equivalent difference in CRF. Associations obtained with the novel validated CRF estimation method are stronger than those obtained using previous methodology, suggesting previous methods may have underestimated the importance of fitness for human health.
Genomic characterization of sporadic isolates of the dominant clone of Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies massiliense
Authors: Davidson Rebecca M. , Benoit Jeanne B. , Kammlade Sara M. , Hasan Nabeeh A. , Epperson L. Elaine , Smith Terry , Vasireddy Sruthi , Brown-Elliott Barbara A. , Nick Jerry A. , Olivier Kenneth N. , Zelazny Adrian M. , Daley Charles L. , Strong Michael , Wallace Richard J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRecent studies have characterized a dominant clone (Clone 1) of Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies massiliense (M. massiliense) associated with high prevalence in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, pulmonary outbreaks in the United States (US) and United Kingdom (UK), and a Brazilian epidemic of skin infections. The prevalence of Clone 1 in non-CF patients in the US and the relationship of sporadic US isolates to outbreak clones are not known. We surveyed a reference US Mycobacteria Laboratory and a US biorepository of CF-associated Mycobacteria isolates for Clone 1. We then compared genomic variation and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mutations between sporadic non-CF, CF, and outbreak Clone 1 isolates. Among reference lab samples, 57/147 (39%) of patients with M. massiliense had Clone 1, including pulmonary and extrapulmonary infections, compared to 11/64 (17%) in the CF isolate biorepository. Core and pan genome analyses revealed that outbreak isolates had similar numbers of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and accessory genes as sporadic US Clone 1 isolates. However, pulmonary outbreak isolates were more likely to have AMR mutations compared to sporadic isolates. Clone 1 isolates are present among non-CF and CF patients across the US, but additional studies will be needed to resolve potential routes of transmission and spread.
Increased sugar-sweetened beverage use tendency in pregnancy positively associates with peripartum Edinburgh postpartum depression scores
Authors: Ker Chin-Ru , Wu Chen-Hsuan , Lee Chien-Hung , Wang Shih-Han , Chan Te-Fu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe association among sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption, addiction and depression in adults, children and adolescents is widely reported. Dieting patterns during pregnancy is complicated by maternal fetal concerns. Specifically, restrained use of SSB might be potentially a source of perinatal distress. The current study modified diagnostic criteria for Substance Use Disorder (SUD) in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), into SSB-specific questions to assess SSB use tendency. Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scores (EPDS) is used to assess maternal distress during pregnancy. One hundred and ninety-six consecutive pregnant women receiving antenatal care at Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital were invited to participate in this study. In the first trimester, 46.6% of women had none or 1 DSM-5 symptom, 27.0% had 2–3 symptoms, while 26.4% had ≥ 4 symptoms. The mean numbers of DSM-5 symptoms in each trimester were found to be 2.5 ± 2.25, 2.6 ± 2.45, 2.4 ± 2.43 for the first, second and third trimester, respectively, p = 0.750. While EPDS score showed no difference among DSM-5 symptoms 0–1, 2–3 and ≥ 4 groups in the first trimester (8.1 ± 4.59, 8.4 ± 5.00, 8.8 ± 4.82, p = 0.343), women with ≥ 4 DSM-symptoms was found significantly higher EPDS scores than those with < 4 DSM-symptoms in the second (7.2 ± 4.81, 7.7 ± 4.98, 8.8 ± 4.33, p = 0.030) and third trimester (6.8 ± 5.00, 7.2 ± 4.63, 8.7 ± 5.24, p = 0.019). The relationship remained significant after adjusting for covariates including actual SSB amount consumed (adjusted β = 0.25 with 95% confident interval (CI) 0.04–0.45 and 0.21 with 95% CI 0.04–0.38 for the second and third trimesters, respectively). Overall, the study is the first to characterize the positive relationship between SSB use tendency and antenatal distress in pregnancy, independent of actual SSB amount consumed. The observational nature of the study design precludes inferences of its underlying socio-psychomotor mechanisms, although restrained SSB use in pregnancy is suspected to contribute. The novel employment of modified SSB-specific DSM-5 scores and EPDS in this setting is feasible and further validation is promising. With better understanding and awareness, pregnant women with increased SSB use tendency should be properly counseled with special attention to their mental state.
Detecting suicidal risk using MMPI-2 based on machine learning algorithm
Authors: Kim Sunhae , Lee Hye-Kyung , Lee Kounseok 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMinnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) is a widely used tool for early detection of psychological maladjustment and assessing the level of adaptation for a large group in clinical settings, schools, and corporations. This study aims to evaluate the utility of MMPI-2 in assessing suicidal risk using the results of MMPI-2 and suicidal risk evaluation. A total of 7,824 datasets collected from college students were analyzed. The MMPI-2-Resturcutred Clinical Scales (MMPI-2-RF) and the response results for each question of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) suicidality module were used. For statistical analysis, random forest and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) techniques were used with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt as dependent variables and 50 MMPI-2 scale scores as predictors. On applying the random forest method to suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts, the accuracy was 92.9% and 95%, respectively, and the Area Under the Curves (AUCs) were 0.844 and 0.851, respectively. When the KNN method was applied, the accuracy was 91.6% and 94.7%, respectively, and the AUCs were 0.722 and 0.639, respectively. The study confirmed that machine learning using MMPI-2 for a large group provides reliable accuracy in classifying and predicting the subject's suicidal ideation and past suicidal attempts.
Subjective assessment reported by patients shows differences between single-bundle and double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Maestro Antonio , Herruzo Irene , Varillas-Delgado David , Martín-Saborido Carlos 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo determine the functional recovery, active reincorporation, and anteroposterior and rotational stability of patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using arthroscopy techniques with simple-bundle (SB) or double-bundle (DB). The following databases were searched: PubMed, Embase (Elsevier platform), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Wiley platform), Web of Science, and CINAHL. Level I and II studies involving anterior cruciate ligament arthroscopy were included in the search. Records were screened by title and abstract and assessed the risk of bias of selected studies. Meta-analyses using RevMan 5.3 software were conducted on the following outcomes: knee functionality, objective measurements of knee stability, rotational knee stability and knee anterior stability, sports reincorporation, and subjective assessments. Twenty-four studies of patients undergoing ACL reconstruction were included in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis (1707 patients) for Lysholm score, Subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Tegner score, KT-1000/2000, Lachman test, Objective IKDC score, and Pivot-Shift test. A return to pre-injury level showed a significant decrease in the Lysholm score (mean difference, − 0.99; 95% CI − 1.71 to − 0.40; P = 0.007) and Tegner score (mean difference, − 0.07; 95% CI, − 0.13 to − 0.01; P = 0.02) at DB reconstruction, similar to the knee functionality outcome of the subjective IKDC score (mean difference − 1.42; 95% CI − 2.46 to − 0.38; P = 0.007). There is no clear or significant difference in clinical stability and knee function or in sports incorporation with the true difference occurring in the subjective assessment.
Efficient quantum gates and algorithms in an engineered optical lattice
Authors: Homid A. H. , Abdel-Aty M. , Qasymeh M. , Eleuch H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this work, trapped ultracold atoms are proposed as a platform for efficient quantum gate circuits and algorithms. We also develop and evaluate quantum algorithms, including those for the Simon problem and the black-box string-finding problem. Our analytical model describes an open system with non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. It is shown that our proposed scheme offers better performance (in terms of the number of required gates and the processing time) for realizing the quantum gates and algorithms compared to previously reported approaches.
High frequency and long persistency of ballooning hepatocyte were associated with glucose intolerance in patients with severe obesity
Authors: Kakisaka Keisuke , Sasaki Akira , Umemura Akira , Nikai Haruka , Suzuki Yuji , Nishiya Masao , Sugai Tamotsu , Nitta Hiroyuki , Takikawa Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and glucose intolerance are associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients with severe obesity; however, whether histological findings of the liver are related to glucose intolerance in these patients remain unknown. Sixty-nine consecutive patients who underwent metabolic surgery between June 2008 and February 2020 were included; histological findings of the liver and laboratory data were analyzed. Twenty patients with biopsy-proven NASH were chronologically evaluated using sequential biopsies; data before metabolic surgery was considered as the baseline. Glucose intolerance—demonstrated by an increased area under the curve (AUC) for blood sugar (BS) during the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test—and increased homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) correlated with the grade of hepatocyte ballooning in patients. Patients with persistent ballooning at the follow-up biopsy had a higher HOMA-IR, high AUC for BS, and lower adiponectin level than those in patients in whom ballooning was eliminated, while there was no significant difference in body weight. We concluded that glucose intolerance was associated with the grade of hepatocyte ballooning; additionally, persistent hepatocyte ballooning sustained glucose intolerance, while elimination of hepatocyte ballooning improved the condition. Glucose intolerance may, thus, mediate balloon formation of the hepatocyte.
Variation features of unfrozen water content of water-saturated coal under low freezing temperature
Authors: Li Bo , Huang Laisheng , Lv Xiaoquan , Ren Yongjie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo determine the unfrozen water content variation characteristics of coal from the low temperature freezing based on the good linear relationship between the amplitude of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal and movable water, pulsed NMR technology was used to test water-saturated coal samples and analyze the relationship between the unfrozen water content, the temperature and pore pressure during freeze–thaw from a microscopic perspective. Experimental results show that the swelling stress of the ice destroys the original pore structure during the freezing process, causing the melting point of the pore ice to change, so the unfrozen water content during the melting process presents a hysteresis phenomenon. When phase equilibrium has been established in the freezing process, the unfrozen water is mainly the film water on the pore surface and pore water in pores with pore radius below 10 nm. At this time, the freezing point of the water in the system decreases exponentially as the temperature increases. The micropores of the coal samples from the Jiulishan Coalmine are well-developed, and the macropores and fractures are relatively small, with most pores having a pore radius between 0.1 and 10 nm. The pore water freezing point gradually decreases with the pore radius. When the pore radius decreases to 10 nm, the freezing point of pore water starts to decrease sharply with the decreasing pore radius. When the pore radius reaches 1.54 nm, the pore water freezing point changes as fast as 600 ℃/nm.
Characterization of humic acids from original coal and its oxidization production
Authors: Yan Shuangdui , Zhang Naiyu , Li Juan , Wang Yanan , Liu Yue , Cao Mengyao , Yan Qiuyan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFive coal samples obtained from Chinese coal-producing areas were oxidized by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and humic acids (HAs) were derived from original coal and its oxidizition samples. HAs were characterized by physical and chemical methods, between which was also comparison. Yield, ash, aromaticity, molecular weight and functional group of HAs showed variance between original coals. While, yield, molecular weight, and the quantity of oxygen-containing groups of HAs increased more from coals oxidized with H2O2. However, the increase of oxygen-containing functional groups depended on original coals. For Yimin lignite, the oxidation of H2O2 could obviously improve the carboxyl group content of HAs, thus promoting the adsorption of nitrogen. This study demonstrated that oxidation of coal by using H2O2 was one pretreatment way to obtain and modify HAs which could be used as prerequisite and functional material in agricultural field.
Preference criteria for regorafenib in treating refractory metastatic colorectal cancer are the small tumor burden, slow growth and poor/scanty spread
Authors: Hsu Hung-Chih , Huang Kuo-Cheng , Chen Wei-Shone , Jiang Jeng-Kai , Yang Shung-Haur , Wang Huann-Sheng , Chang Shih-Ching , Lan Yuan-Tzu , Lin Chun-Chi , Lin Hung-Hsin , Huang Sheng-Chieh , Cheng Hou-Hsuan , Yang Tsai-Sheng , Chen Chien-Chih , Chao Yee , Teng Hao-Wei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGiven the unclear preference criteria for regorafenib in treating refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), this study aimed to construct an algorithm in selecting right patients for regorafenib. This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study. Patients with pathology confirmed mCRC and administered with regorafenib for > 3 weeks were enrolled. Patients with good response were defined to have progression-free survival (PFS) of ≥ 4 months. The Kaplan–Meier plot was used to analyze survival. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze univariate and multivariate prognostic factors and was visualized using forest plot. A clustering heatmap was used to classify patients according to responses. The decision tree and nomogram were used to construct the approaching algorithm. A total of 613 patients was analyzed. The median PFS and overall survival (OS) were 2.7 and 10.6 months, respectively. The partial response and stable disease rate are 2.4% and 36.4%. The interval between metastasis (M1) and regorafenib, metastatic status (number, liver, and brain), and CEA level were independent prognostics factors of PFS that classifies patients into three groups: good, bad and modest-1/modest-2 group with PFS >  = 4 months rates of 51%, 20%, 39% and 30%, respectively. Results were used to develop the decision tree and nomogram for approaching patients indicated with regorafenib. The preference criteria for regorafenib in treating patients with refractory mCRC are small tumor burden (CEA), slow growth (interval between metastasis and regorafenib) and poor/scanty spread (metastatic status: number and sites of metastasis): The 3S rules.TRIAL registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03829852; Date of first registration (February 11, 2019).
Periodic limb movements in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Zhou Xiaobo , Zhou Bo , Li Zhe , Lu Qiao , Li Shaoping , Pu Zhongyin , Luo Fang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the factors associated with periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) among obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients and identify the role of PLMS in patients with OSAS. 303 adult patients with OSAS were included in the study. All patients completed physical examination, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), and polysomnography. Diagnosis of PLMS was made if the periodic leg movements index (PLMI) was ≥ 15. Chi-square test, ANOVA, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with PLMS among OSAS patients. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 26.0 for mac. Statistically significant difference was considered if P value < 0 .05. Among the 303 adult patients with OSAS, 98 patients had significant PLMS and the other 205 had no significant PLMS. Compared with OSAS patients without PLMS, OSAS patient with PLMS were older, had shorter REM duration and greater apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) (P < 0.05). The study suggests that PLMS is a matter of concern among patients with OSAS. A better understanding of the role of PLMS among OSAS patients could be useful in better recognition, intervention and treatment of OSAS.
On the structure–property relationships of (Al, Ga, In)-doped spinel cobalt ferrite compounds: a combined experimental and DFT study
Authors: Naveed-Ul-Haq M. , Hussain Shahzad , Webers Samira , Salamon Soma , Ahmad Ibtisam , Bibi Tayyaba , Hameed Amna , Wende Heiko 
Published: July 2021

A combined experimental and theoretical study to determine how the replacement of magnetic ions with diamagnetic ones in CoFe2O4 i.e., CoFe1.5X0.5O4 (X = Al, Ga, In) affects the structure, electronic, and magnetic properties.