bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From systematic literature review to a conceptual framework for consumer disposal behavior towards personal communication devices
Authors: Phulwani Payal R. , Kumar Divesh , Goyal Praveen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPersonal communication devices have made their way into each and every household. The complex nature of e‐waste, and its generation at an amplified pace calls for serious attention of policy makers, managers, educators and researchers. The paper presents a structured literature review of peer‐reviewed journal publications in the research area of disposal behavior of consumers with respect to their personal electronics. Also, it discusses the concepts and theoretical underpinnings to understand consumer disposal behavior based on extensive literature review. These theoretical foundations further help in framing the hypothesis and proposing the conceptual model. The proposed model is based on Theory of Planned Behavior. It studies the relationship between the core constructs: attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, and includes awareness of consequences derived from the Value‐Belief‐Norm Theory. The model will also prove useful in understanding the impact of environmentally responsible disposal intention of personal electronics and its relationship with actual behavior. The role of external influences in the form of moderators is also taken into consideration while developing the model. It is expected that the research will help provide useful insights to literature on environmentally responsible disposal.
Angiotensin II, ATP and high extracellular potassium induced intracellular calcium responses in primary rat brain endothelial cell cultures
Authors: García‐Carlos Carlos Antonio , Camargo‐Loaiza Julio Andrés , García‐Villa Denisse , López‐Cervantes José Guillermo , Domínguez‐Avila J. Abraham , González‐Aguilar Gustavo A. , Astiazaran‐Garcia Humberto , Montiel‐Herrera Marcelino 
Published: April 2021

The meninges shield the nervous system from diverse, rather harmful stimuli and pathogens from the periphery. This tissue is composed of brain endothelial cells (BECs) that express diverse ion channels and chemical‐transmitter receptors also expressed by neurons and glial cells to communicate with each other. However, information about the effects of ATP and angiotensin II on BECs is scarce, despite their essential roles in blood physiology. This work investigated in vitro if BECs from the meninges from rat forebrain respond to ATP, angiotensin II and high extracellular potassium, with intracellular calcium mobilizations and its second messenger‐associated pathways. We found that in primary BEC cultures, both ATP and angiotensin II produced intracellular calcium responses linked to the activation of inositol trisphosphate receptors and ryanodine receptors, which led to calcium release from intracellular stores. We also used RT‐PCR to explore what potassium channel subunits are expressed by primary BEC cultures and freshly isolated meningeal tissue, and which might be linked to the observed effects. We found that BECs mainly expressed the inward rectifier potassium channel subunits Kir1.1, Kir3.3, Kir 4.1 and Kir6.2. This study contributes to the understanding of the functions elicited by ATP and angiotensin II in BECs from rat meninges.SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDYBrain endothelial cells (BECs) express diverse ion channels and membrane receptors, which they might use to communicate with neurons and glia. This work investigated in vitro, if BECs from the rat forebrain respond to angiotensin II and ATP with intracellular calcium mobilizations. We found that these cells did respond to said substances with intracellular calcium mobilizations linked to inositol trisphosphate and ryanodine receptor activation, which led to calcium release from intracellular stores. These findings are important because they might uncover routes of active communication between brain cells and endothelial cells.
Direct Observation of the Self‐Aggregation of R3R4 Bi‐repeat of Tau Protein
Authors: Jayan Parvathy , Vahid Arshad A. , Kizhakkeduth Safwa T. , Muhammed Shafeek O. H. , Shibina Ajmala B. , Vijayan Vinesh 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAbstract: Different cryo‐EM derived atomic models of in vivo tau filaments from patients with tauopathies consisted of R3 and R4 repeats of the microtubule‐binding domain. In comparison, only the R3 repeat forms the core of the heparin‐induced fibrils of the three repeat tau isoforms. For developing therapeutics, it is desirable to have an in vitro tau aggregation system producing fibrils corresponding to the disease morphology. Here we report the self‐aggregation of truncated tau segment R3R4 peptide without requiring heparin for aggregation induction. We used NMR spectroscopy and other biophysical methods to monitor the self‐aggregation of R3R4. We identified the hexapeptide region in R3 and β‐turn region in R4 as the aggregation initiating region of the protein. The solid‐state NMR of self‐aggregated R3R4 fibrils demonstrated that in addition to R3 residues, residues of R4 were also part of the fibril filaments. The presence of both R3 and R4 residues in the aggregation process and the core of fibril filaments suggest that the aggregation of R3R4 might resemble the in vivo aggregation process.
Quadruply BN‐Fused Tetrathia[8]circulenes with Flexible Frameworks: Synthesis, Structures and Properties
Authors: Akahori Shuhei , Sasamori Takahiro , Shinokubo Hiroshi , Miyake Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2021

AbstractQuadruply BN‐fused tetrathia[8]circulenes were synthesized through four‐fold electrophilic borylation. The single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed that the BN‐fused tetrathia[8]circulene with peripheral phenyl groups exhibits crystal polymorphism, in which the circulene core adopts both planar and saddle conformations in the solid state. The experimental and theoretical studies revealed that the weaker aromaticity of azaborine compared with benzene renders the flexibility of the BN‐fused tetrathia[8]circulenes.
Activation of a Copper Biscarbene Mechano‐Catalyst Using Single‐Molecule Force Spectroscopy Supported by Quantum Chemical Calculations
Authors: Sammon Matthew S. , Biewend Michel , Michael Philipp , Schirra Simone , Ončák Milan , Binder Wolfgang H. , Beyer Martin K. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSingle‐molecule force spectroscopy allows investigation of the effect of mechanical force on individual bonds. By determining the forces necessary to sufficiently activate bonds to trigger dissociation, it is possible to predict the behavior of mechanophores. The force necessary to activate a copper biscarbene mechano‐catalyst intended for self‐healing materials was measured. By using a safety line bypassing the mechanophore, it was possible to pinpoint the dissociation of the investigated bond and determine rupture forces to range from 1.6 to 2.6 nN at room temperature in dimethyl sulfoxide. The average length‐increase upon rupture of the Cu−C bond, due to the stretching of the safety line, agrees with quantum chemical calculations, but the values exhibit an unusual scattering. This scattering was assigned to the conformational flexibility of the mechanophore, which includes formation of a threaded structure and recoiling of the safety line.
A Cytotoxic Bis(1,2,3‐triazol‐5‐ylidene)carbazolide Gold(III) Complex Targets DNA by Partial Intercalation
Authors: van der Westhuizen Danielle , Slabber Cathryn A. , Fernandes Manuel A. , Joubert Daniël F. , Kleinhans George , van der Westhuizen C. Johan , Stander André , Munro Orde Q. , Bezuidenhout Daniela I. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe syntheses of bis(triazolium)carbazole precursors and their corresponding coinage metal (Au, Ag) complexes are reported. For alkylated triazolium salts, di‐ or tetranuclear complexes with bridging ligands were isolated, while the bis(aryl) analogue afforded a bis(carbene) AuI‐CNC pincer complex suitable for oxidation to the redox‐stable [AuIII(CNC)Cl]+ cation. Although the ligand salt and the [AuIII(CNC)Cl]+ complex were both notably cytotoxic toward the breast cancer cell line MDA‐MB‐231, the AuIII complex was somewhat more selective. Electrophoresis, viscometry, UV‐vis, CD and LD spectroscopy suggest the cytotoxic [AuIII(CNC)Cl]+ complex behaves as a partial DNA intercalator. In silico screening indicated that the [AuIII(CNC)Cl]+ complex can target DNA three‐way junctions with good specificity, several other regular B‐DNA forms, and Z‐DNA. Multiple hydrophobic π‐type interactions involving T and A bases appear to be important for B‐form DNA binding, while phosphate O⋅⋅⋅Au interactions evidently underpin Z‐DNA binding. The CNC ligand effectively stabilizes the AuIII ion, preventing reduction in the presence of glutathione. Both the redox stability and DNA affinity of the hit compound might be key factors underpinning its cytotoxicity in vitro.
Prostate‐specific antigen nadir and testosterone level at prostate‐specific antigen failure following radiation and androgen suppression therapy for unfavorable‐risk prostate cancer and the risk of all‐cause and prostate cancer–specific mortality
Authors: Bitterman Danielle S. , Chen Ming‐Hui , Wu Jing , Renshaw Andrew A. , Loffredo Marian , Kantoff Philip W. , Small Eric J. , D'Amico Anthony V. 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUNDAlthough both PSA nadir (PSAn) and testosterone levels at PSA failure are known prognostic factors in men undergoing radiation therapy (RT) and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for unfavorable‐risk prostate cancer (PC), it is unclear whether their prognostic significance is independent or overlapping.METHODSSeventy‐five men treated with RT with or without 6 months of ADT for unfavorable‐risk nonmetastatic PC enrolled in 2 prospective clinical trials between 1986 and 2001 formed the study cohort. Competing risks and Cox multivariable regression were used to assess whether low versus normal serum testosterone at the time of PSA failure and higher PSAn after initial therapy were independently associated with the risk of PC‐specific (PCSM) and all‐cause mortality (ACM) adjusting for PC prognostic factors.RESULTSAfter a median follow‐up of 15.34 years (interquartile range, 6.66‐16.88 years), there were 53 deaths (73.3%): 30 (56.6%) were from PC. Low testosterone at PSA failure was significantly associated with an increased risk of PCSM (adjusted HR [AHR], 7.77; 95% CI, 1.14‐52.99;P = .04) and ACM (AHR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.01‐8.96;P = .05), as was higher PSAn (PCSM AHR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01‐1.05;P < .01; ACM AHR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.07;P < .01), although the prognostic significance of PSAn was only noted in men with a normal testosterone at PSA failure.CONCLUSIONSLow testosterone level at PSA failure in high‐risk patients with PC treated with RT is associated with increased PCSM and ACM risk. In men with normal testosterone levels at the time of PSA failure, an elevated PSAn was associated with worse PCSM and ACM risk.LAY SUMMARYThis study investigates whether the prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) nadir and normal versus low testosterone at the time of PSA failure provide mutually exclusive or overlapping prognostic information following treatment with radiation and androgen deprivation therapy for unfavorable‐risk patients with prostate cancer using data from 2 prospective clinical trials. It was found that both provided prognostic information; however, higher PSA nadir was only found to be of prognostic significance in men with normal testosterone levels at PSA failure.
The FBXW7‐NOTCH interactome: A ubiquitin proteasomal system‐induced crosstalk modulating oncogenic transformation in human tissues
Authors: Kar Rohan , Jha Saurabh Kumar , Ojha Shreesh , Sharma Ankur , Dholpuria Sunny , Raju Venkata Sita Rama , Prasher Parteek , Chellappan Dinesh Kumar , Gupta Gaurav , Kumar Singh Sachin , Paudel Keshav Raj , Hansbro Philip M. , Kumar Singh Sandeep , Ruokolainen Janne , Kesari Kavindra Kumar , Dua Kamal , Jha Niraj Kumar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundUbiquitin ligases or E3 ligases are well programmed to regulate molecular interactions that operate at a post‐translational level. Skp, Cullin, F‐box containing complex (or SCF complex) is a multidomain E3 ligase known to mediate the degradation of a wide range of proteins through the proteasomal pathway. The three‐dimensional domain architecture of SCF family proteins suggests that it operates through a novel and adaptable “super‐enzymatic” process that might respond to targeted therapeutic modalities in cancer.Recent findingsSeveral F‐box containing proteins have been characterized either as tumor suppressors (FBXW8, FBXL3, FBXW8, FBXL3, FBXO1, FBXO4, and FBXO18) or as oncogenes (FBXO5, FBXO9, and SKP2). Besides, F‐box members like βTrcP1 and βTrcP2, the ones with context‐dependent functionality, have also been studied and reported. FBXW7 is a well‐studied F‐box protein and is a tumor suppressor. FBXW7 regulates the activity of a range of substrates, such as c‐Myc, cyclin E, mTOR, c‐Jun, NOTCH, myeloid cell leukemia sequence‐1 (MCL1), AURKA, NOTCH through the well‐known ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS)‐mediated degradation pathway. NOTCH signaling is a primitive pathway that plays a crucial role in maintaining normal tissue homeostasis. FBXW7 regulates NOTCH protein activity by controlling its half‐life, thereby maintaining optimum protein levels in tissue. However, aberrations in the FBXW7 or NOTCH expression levels can lead to poor prognosis and detrimental outcomes in patients. Therefore, the FBXW7‐NOTCH axis has been a subject of intense study and research over the years, especially around the interactome's role in driving cancer development and progression. Several studies have reported the effect of FBXW7 and NOTCH mutations on normal tissue behavior. The current review attempts to critically analyze these mutations prognostic value in a wide range of tumors. Furthermore, the review summarizes the recent findings pertaining to the FBXW7 and NOTCH interactome and its involvement in phosphorylation‐related events, cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis.ConclusionThe review concludes by positioning FBXW7 as an effective diagnostic marker in tumors and by listing out recent advancements made in cancer therapeutics in identifying protocols targeting the FBXW7‐NOTCH aberrations in tumors.
A Simple Method for Creating a High‐Content Microscope for Imaging Multiplexed Tissue Microarrays
Authors: Abtahi Shabnam , Gliksman Neal R. , Heneghan John F. , Nilsen Steven P. , Muhlich Jeremy L. , Copeland Jay , Rozbicki Emil , Allan Chris , Dudeja Pradeep K. , Turner Jerrold R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHigh‐throughput, high‐content imaging technologies and multiplex slide scanning have become widely used. Advantages of these approaches include the ability to archive digital copies of slides, review slides as teams using virtual microscopy software, and standardize analytical approaches. The cost and hardware and software inflexibility of dedicated slide scanning devices can, however, complicate implementation. Here, we describe a simple method that allows any microscope to be used for slide scanning. The only requirements are that the microscope be equipped with a motorized filter turret or wheels (for multi‐channel fluorescence) and a motorized xyz stage. This example uses MetaMorph software, but the same principles can be used with any microscope control software that includes a few standard functions and allows programming of simple command routines, or journals. The series of journals that implement the method perform key functions, including assistance in defining an unlimited number of regions of interest (ROI) and imaging parameters. Fully automated acquisition is rapid, taking less than 3 hr to image fifty 2.5‐mm ROIs in four channels. Following acquisition, images can be easily stitched and displayed using open‐source or commercial image‐processing and virtual microscope applications. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Hardware and software configurationBasic Protocol 2: Create a preliminary scanBasic Protocol 3: Select, save, and position ROIsBasic Protocol 4: Determine and set autofocus parametersBasic Protocol 5: Acquire tiled imagesBasic Protocol 6: Review the scansBasic Protocol 7: Reimage ROIs as neededBasic Protocol 8: Stitch, stack, and assemble imagesBasic Protocol 9: Repeat scanning for multiplex immunostaining or background subtraction
Putative genes for resistance to gray leaf spot of maize based on genomic resequencing using recombinant inbred lines
Authors: Xu Wenbo , Liu Li , Bi Yaqi , Zhang Yudong , Han Guangyu , Pillay Michael , Kang Manjit S. , Wang Yunyue , Fan Xingming 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGray leaf spot (GLS) of maize (Zea mays L.), caused by Cercospora spp., inflicts serious yield losses. Four recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were developed from the [(YML32×Q11) × Q11] backcross population. Two flanking markers, GZ204 and IDP5, defining quantitative trait locus (QTL) qRgls1 for resistance to GLS, were detected in three RILs (RL1_1, RL1_2, and RL2_1) but not in RL2_2. This QTL is located on chromosome 8 in bin 8.02. The field resistance of RL2_2 was, however, similar to that of RL1_1 and RL1_2. The RL2_2 was found to possess a unique DNA segment (Zm00001d008467) that was not found in the other three RILs. We tested the hypothesis that Zm00001d008467 is a candidate gene associated with resistance to GLS. Sequencing showed that clean read counts for RL1_1, RL1_2, RL2_1, and RL2_2 were different and that single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)/Exonic SNPs in RL1_1, RL1_2, RL2_1, and RL2_2 were 4908618/14042, 2423243/10668, 4512193/12577, and 2321974/6731, respectively. Results revealed that one of the three exclusive extron nonsynonymous SNPs (Zm00001d008467_T003) had caused a change in a protein that is a wall‐associated non–arginine‐aspartate (non‐RD) receptor‐like kinase. This protein is suspected to trigger resistance to GLS. Our results confirm that Zm00001d008467 is a candidate gene, located in chromosome 8 in bin 8.02, that is associated with GLS resistance. We concluded that the exclusive extron nonsynonymous SNPs in the QTL that had changed the structure and function of the coding protein was responsible for the GLS resistance in RIL2_2 in the absence of resistance QTL qRgls1.
A twice boost nine‐level switched‐capacitor multilevel (2B‐9L‐SCMLI) inverter with self‐voltage balancing capability
Authors: Kumari Manita , Siddique Marif Daula , Sarwar Adil , Mekhilef Saad , Tariq Mohd 
Published: April 2021

SummaryThe research on the multilevel inverter structures has been focused on reducing the number of voltage sources and the components while obtaining voltage boosting in the output voltage. A lesser number of components would ensure lesser cost while higher boosting ability increases its application potential. Based on these features, the paper presents a new topology for switched‐capacitor multi‐level inverter (SCMLI), which can produce an output voltage waveform of nine levels with a voltage boosting of twice the input voltage employing a single dc voltage source, three capacitors, and 11 power switches. The operation of switches, capacitors with a self‐charge balancing modulation scheme, and a voltage source for producing nine‐level boosted output voltage make this topology useful, and it is capable of supplying different types of load with efficiency above 97%. The simulation results and the hardware results are provided to verify the satisfactory operation of the proposed topology.
Frontotemporal dementia subtypes based on behavioral inhibition deficits
Authors: Godefroy Valérie , Tanguy Delphine , Bouzigues Arabella , Sezer Idil , Ferrand‐Verdejo Johan , Azuar Carole , Bendetowicz David , Carle Guilhem , Rametti‐Lacroux Armelle , Bombois Stéphanie , Cognat Emmanuel , Jannin Pierre , Morandi Xavier , Ber Isabelle Le , Levy Richard , Batrancourt Bénédicte , Migliaccio Raffaella 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to investigate phenotypic heterogeneity in the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) through assessment of inhibition deficits.MethodsWe assessed occurrences of 16 behavioral inhibition deficits from video recordings of 15 bvFTD patients (early stage) and 15 healthy controls (HC) in an ecological setting. We extracted dimensions of inhibition deficit and analyzed their correlations with cognitive and clinical measures. Using these dimensions, we isolated patient clusters whose atrophy patterns were explored.ResultsAfter identifying two patterns of inhibition deficit (compulsive automatic behaviors and socially unconventional behaviors), we isolated three behavioral clusters with distinct atrophy patterns. BvFTD‐G0 (N = 3), an outlier group, showed severe behavioral disturbances and more severe ventromedial prefrontal cortex/orbitofrontal cortex atrophy. Compared to bvFTD‐G1 (N = 6), bvFTD‐G2 (N = 6) presented higher anxiety and depression along with less diffuse atrophy especially in midline regions.DiscussionIdentifying clinico‐anatomical profiles through behavior observation could help to stratify bvFTD patients for adapted treatments.
Cooperative care and the evolution of the prelinguistic vocal learning
Authors: Varella Thiago T. , Ghazanfar Asif A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe development of the earliest vocalizations of human infants is influenced by social feedback from caregivers. As these vocalizations change, they increasingly elicit such feedback. This pattern of development is in stark contrast to that of our close phylogenetic relatives, Old World monkeys and apes, who produce mature‐sounding vocalizations at birth. We put forth a scenario to account for this difference: Humans have a cooperative breeding strategy, which pressures infants to compete for the attention from caregivers. Humans use this strategy because large brained human infants are energetically costly and born altricial. An altricial brain accommodates vocal learning. To test this hypothetical scenario, we present findings from New World marmoset monkeys indicating that, through convergent evolution, this species adopted a largely identical developmental system—one that includes vocal learning and cooperative breeding.
Herbivore‐induced defenses are not under phylogenetic constraints in the genusQuercus(oak): Phylogenetic patterns of growth, defense, and storage
Authors: Perkovich Cynthia , Ward David 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe evolution of plant defenses is often constrained by phylogeny. Many of the differences between competing plant defense theories hinge upon the differences in the location of meristem damage (apical versus auxiliary) and the amount of tissue removed. We analyzed the growth and defense responses of 12Quercus(oak) species from a well‐resolved molecular phylogeny using phylogenetically independent contrasts. Access to light is paramount for forest‐dwelling tree species, such as many members of the genusQuercus. We therefore predicted a greater investment in defense when apical meristem tissue was removed. We also predicted a greater investment in defense when large amounts of tissue were removed and a greater investment in growth when less tissues were removed. We conducted five simulated herbivory treatments including a control with no damage and alterations of the location of meristem damage (apical versus auxiliary shoots) and intensity (25% versus 75% tissue removal). We measured growth, defense, and nutrient re‐allocation traits in response to simulated herbivory. Phylomorphospace models were used to demonstrate the phylogenetic nature of trade‐offs between characteristics of growth, chemical defenses, and nutrient re‐allocation. We found that growth–defense trade‐offs in control treatments were under phylogenetic constraints, but phylogenetic constraints and growth–defense trade‐offs were not common in the simulated herbivory treatments. Growth–defense constraints exist within theQuercusgenus, although there are adaptations to herbivory that vary among species.