bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dehalococcoidaceae
Authors: Moe William M. , Löffler Frank E. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

De.ha.lo.coc.coi.da.ce'ae. N.L. masc. n.
Dehalococcoides
type genus of the family; suff. ‐
aceae
ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Dehalococcoidaceae
the family of the genus
Dehalococcoides
.

Chloroflexi / Dehalococcoidia / Dehalococcoidales / Dehalococcoidaceae

Phylogenetically, a member of the order
Dehalococcoidales
. Cells of
Dehalococcoidaceae
genera are irregular cocci or disc‐shaped. Nonmotile, nonspore‐forming, and nonpigmented. Gram stain‐variable or Gram‐negative staining. Strictly anaerobic. Mesophilic. Optimum pH of about 7.0. Organohalide‐respiring metabolism. Possess multiple, nonidentical reductive dehalogenase genes. Hydrogenotrophic. May or may not utilize formate as an electron donor. Resistant to antibiotics that interfere with peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Dominant cellular fatty acids vary between species and include even‐carbon‐number, straight‐chain saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated, and/or mid‐chain branched saturated fatty acids. The family includes the genera
Dehalococcoides
and
Dehalogenimonas
. Members of the family were isolated or enriched from anaerobically digested sewage sludge, sediment, groundwater, soil, and grape pomace.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 46.8–56.3 (genome analysis).

Type genus
:
Dehalococcoides
Löffler et al. 2013.
Labilibacter
Authors: Lu De‐Chen , Du Zong‐Jun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

La.bi.li.bac'ter. L. masc. adj.
labilis
, gliding; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
, rod; N.L. masc. n.
Labilibacter
, gliding rod.

Bacteroidetes / Bacteroidia / Bacteroidales / Marinilabiliaceae / Labilibacter

Labilibacter
is a genus within the family
Marinilabiliaceae
, order
Bacteroidales
, class
Bacteroidia
, and phylum
Bacteroidetes
. It currently includes three species –
Labilibacter sediminis
,
Labilibacter aurantiacus
, and
Labilibacter marinus
– isolated from marine sediment or sea squirts (
Styela clava
). Colonies of
Labilibacter
are circular and yellow or orange. The three species of the genus show different features, including the ability to hydrolyze gelatin, starch and produce indole and valine arylamidase. The major fatty acids are iso‐C
15:0
and anteiso‐C
15:0
. The major respiratory quinone is MK‐7. The polar lipid profile of the genus contains unidentified lipid, phospholipid, aminophospholipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, and aminolipid. The size of the genome is between 5.88 and 6.37 Mb. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the closest phylogenetic relatives of the genus
Labilibacter
are members of the genera
Saccharicinis
and
Carboxylicivirga
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 35.1–35.9 (genome), 35.1–36.1 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Labilibacter aurantiacus
Lu et al. 2017
VP
.
Ni (II) Coordination Supramolecular Grids for Aqueous Nickel‐Zinc Battery Cathodes
Authors: Zhang Xiyue , He Jinjun , Zhou Lijun , Zhang Haozhe , Wang Qiushi , Huang Binbin , Lu Xihong , Tong Yexiang , Wang Chunsheng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAqueous rechargeable nickel‐zinc batteries (NZBs) have the advantages of economical cost and reliable safety. Despite reports of success in achieving high‐utilization and stable Zn anodes, the practical application of NZBs has been plagued by the restrictive capacity density and degradation of the Ni‐based cathode. Herein, it is reported that nickel‐ligand coordination grids (NCGs) with a high theoretical capacity of 128.12 mAh g−1 offer a fast faradic reaction while maintaining good reversibility due to the abundant open metal sites and flexible network structures. In situ and ex situ characterizations demonstrate that the graphene nanosheet (GN) modification of NCGs supramolecular substantially boosts surface charge and reducing the work function of supramolecular compounds. A Ni//Zn battery using such a graphene organic‐inorganic material (G‐NCGs) achieve a high gravimetric capacity of 113.8 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 with 50% of its initial capacitance retained after 2000 cycles and an exceptional rate capacity of 43.3 mAh g−1 even at the current density of 5.0 A g−1.
Antimony Nanopolyhedrons with Tunable Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances for Highly Effective Photoacoustic‐Imaging‐Guided Synergistic Photothermal/Immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Yu , Wang Meng , Zheng Kai , Ren Yaguang , Xu Hao , Yu Zhongzheng , Zhou Feifan , Liu Chengbo , Qu Junle , Song Jun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAntimony (Sb), a typical group VA semimetal, has rarely been studied both experimentally and theoretically in plasmonic photothermal therapy, possibly due to the lack of effective morphology‐controllable methods for the preparation of high‐quality Sb nanocrystals. In this study, an effective ligand‐guided growth strategy to controllably synthesize Sb nanopolyhedrons (Sb NPHs) with ultrahigh photothermal conversion efficiency (PTCE), good photothermal stability, as well as biocompatibility is presented. Furthermore, the modulation effect of different morphologies on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Sb NPHs in experimentation is successfully observed. When the resonance frequency of the Sb NPHs is matched well with the excitation wavelength (808 nm), the PTCE of the Sb NPHs is as high as 62.1%, which is noticeably higher compared to most of the reported photothermal agents. The Sb NPHs also exhibit good photothermal stability. In addition, Sb‐NPHs‐based multifunctional nanomedicines are further constructed via loading 1‐methyl‐d‐tryptophan on PEGylated Sb NPHs for a highly efficient photoacoustic‐imaging‐guided synergistic photothermal/immune‐therapy of tumors in vivo. This work can stimulate further theoretical and experimental investigations of Sb NPHs and other semimetal nanomaterials regarding their LSPR properties and inspire various potential applications of semimetals in biomedicine and sensors.
Phase‐Transition‐Induced VO2 Thin Film IR Photodetector and Threshold Switching Selector for Optical Neural Network Applications
Authors: Zhou Xi , Zhao Liang , Zhen Weili , Lin Yinyue , Wang Chunlin , Pan Tianyu , Li Le , Du Guanlin , Lu Linfeng , Cao Xun , Li Dongdong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs the architecture of choice for future artificial‐intelligent systems, the ideas of in‐memory‐ and in‐sensor‐computing paradigms based on non‐von‐Neumann architecture possess broad application prospects such as neuromorphic and sensor‐memory‐processor fusion systems. At the same time, these promising applications put diversified and strict requirements on the device performances, such as fast response to external signals, robust data security, and 3D integration potential. In this work, Au@VO2 IR photodetectors and Ti/Au/VO2/Ti/Au threshold switching selectors are constructed, where the VO2 thin films are realized by magnetron sputtering and water‐vapor assisted post‐annealing. Fast IR response is achieved in Au@VO2 photodetectors through a surface plasmon resonance‐assisted metal‐insulator transition. Furthermore, electroforming‐free, tunable threshold voltage, steep switching slope, and selectivity of more than two orders of magnitude are observed in Ti/Au/VO2/Ti/Au threshold switching selector. Combining the functionalities of photodetection and selector, a VO2‐based optical convolution engine demonstrates accurate and secure image‐processing capability. These VO2‐based devices are demonstrated as promising candidates for novel non‐volatile memory, neuromorphic computing and sensor‐memory‐processor fusion applications.
Non‐Local Electron‐Phonon Interaction in Naphthalene Diimide Derivatives, its Experimental Probe and Impact on Charge‐Carrier Mobility
Authors: Vener Mikhail V. , Parashchuk Olga D. , Kharlanov Oleg G. , Maslennikov Dmitry R. , Dominskiy Dmitry I. , Yu. Chernyshov Ivan , Yu. Paraschuk Dmitry , Yu. Sosorev Andrey 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEfficient operation of organic electronic devices requires high charge‐carrier mobilities in their active layers, but only several organic semiconductors show confirmed charge‐carrier mobilities exceeding that of amorphous silicon (≈1 cm2V−1s−1). Charge transport in high‐mobility organic semiconductor crystals is considerably hindered by non‐local electron‐phonon interaction (NLEPI) transforming dynamic disorder induced by low‐frequency (LF) vibrations into fluctuations of charge transfer integrals. In this work, using two crystals of naphthalene diimide derivatives as an example, LF vibrational modes that strongly modulate the charge transfer integrals are computationally revealed. The importance of the discussed LF modes for limiting the charge‐carrier mobility is justified by analyzing the effect of the dynamic disorder on the charge‐carrier dynamics, estimating the charge‐carrier mobility in the two crystals, and observing quite a good agreement of the latter with the experimental values. Finally, it is shown that the contribution of various modes to the NLEPI correlates with their experimental Raman intensities. As a result, it is suggested that LF Raman spectroscopy can be used for experimental study of NLEPI, which can help with screening organic semiconductors showing high charge‐carrier mobility and promote rational design of such materials.
Biosystematic studies on the status of Solanum chilense
Authors: Raduski Andrew R. , Igić Boris 
Published: March 2021

PremiseCommon taxonomic practices, which condition species' descriptions on diagnostic morphological traits, may systematically lump outcrossing species and unduly split selfing species. Specifically, higher effective population sizes and genetic diversity of obligate outcrossers are expected to result less reliable phenotypic diagnoses. Wild tomatoes, members of Solanum sect. Lycopersicum, are commonly used as a source of exotic germplasm for improvement of the cultivated tomato, and are increasingly employed in basic research. Although the section experienced significant early work, which continues presently, the taxonomic status of many wild species has undergone a number of significant revisions and remains uncertain. Species in this section vary in their breeding systems, notably the expression of self‐incompatibility, which determines individual propensity for outcrossingMethodsHere, we examine the taxonomic status of obligately outcrossing Chilean wild tomato (Solanum chilense) using reduced‐representation sequencing (RAD‐seq), a range of phylogenetic and population genetic analyses, as well as analyses of crossing and morphological data.ResultsOverall, each of our analyses provides a considerable weight of evidence that the Pacific coastal populations and Andean inland populations of the currently described Solanum chilense represent separately evolving populations, and conceal at least one undescribed cryptic species.ConclusionsDespite its vast economic importance, Solanum sect. Lycopersicon still exhibits considerable taxonomic instability. A pattern of under‐recognition of outcrossing species may be common, not only in tomatoes, but across flowering plants. We discuss the possible causes and implications of this observation, with a focus on macroevolutionary inference.
Control of Triplet Blinking Using Cyclooctatetraene to Access the Dynamics of Biomolecules at the Single‐Molecule Level
Authors: Xu Jie , Fan Shuya , Xu Lei , Maruyama Atsushi , Fujitsuka Mamoru , Kawai Kiyohiko 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo explore the dynamics of biomolecules, tracing the kinetics of photo‐induced chemical reactions via the triplet excited state (T1) of probe molecules offers a timescale that is about 106 times wider than via the singlet excited state (S1). Using cyclooctatetraene (COT) as a triplet energy acceptor and at the same time as a photostabilizer, the triplet–triplet energy transfer (TTET) kinetics governed by oligonucleotide (oligo) dynamics were studied at the single‐molecule level by measuring fluorescence blinking. TTET kinetics measurement allowed us to access the length‐ and sequence‐dependent dynamics of oligos and realize the single‐molecule detection of a model microRNA biomarker. In sharp contrast to the singlet–singlet Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) that occurs in the 1–10 nm range, TTET requires a Van der Waals contact. The present method is thus a complementary method to FRET and provides direct information on biomolecular dynamics on the μs to ms timescale.
Chirogenesis and Amplification of Molecular Chirality Using Optical Vortices
Authors: Sakamoto Masami , Uemura Naohiro , Saito Rei , Shimobayashi Haruna , Yoshida Yasushi , Mino Takashi , Omatsu Takashige 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe study of chirogenesis of organic molecules is important to elucidate the origin of the homochirality of biomolecules on Earth. Here, we have accomplished chiral symmetry breaking from a racemate using optical vortices with orbital angular momentum and a helical wavefront. We propose a new methodology of asymmetric transformation by the combination of enantioselective crystal nucleation by irradiation with optical vortices and crystallization‐induced dynamic optical resolution of conglomerate crystals. Chiral green vortices generated using a spiral phase plate (SPP) with a 532 nm CW‐laser were used to irradiate a supersaturated solution of a racemic isoindolinone, leading to crystal nucleation. The handedness of the crystals were controlled by the winding direction of the chiral optical vortices. The molecular chirality of the isoindolinone was then amplified by dynamic crystallization.
Exploring Structure and Function of Redox Intermediates in [NiFe]‐Hydrogenases by an Advanced Experimental Approach for Solvated, Lyophilized and Crystallized Metalloenzymes
Authors: Lorent Christian , Pelmenschikov Vladimir , Frielingsdorf Stefan , Schoknecht Janna , Caserta Giorgio , Yoda Yoshitaka , Wang Hongxin , Tamasaku Kenji , Lenz Oliver , Cramer Stephen P. , Horch Marius , Lauterbach Lars , Zebger Ingo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo study metalloenzymes in detail, we developed a new experimental setup allowing the controlled preparation of catalytic intermediates for characterization by various spectroscopic techniques. The in situ monitoring of redox transitions by infrared spectroscopy in enzyme lyophilizate, crystals, and solution during gas exchange in a wide temperature range can be accomplished as well. Two O2‐tolerant [NiFe]‐hydrogenases were investigated as model systems. First, we utilized our platform to prepare highly concentrated hydrogenase lyophilizate in a paramagnetic state harboring a bridging hydride. This procedure proved beneficial for57Fe nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy and revealed, in combination with density functional theory calculations, the vibrational fingerprint of this catalytic intermediate. The same in situ IR setup, combined with resonance Raman spectroscopy, provided detailed insights into the redox chemistry of enzyme crystals, underlining the general necessity to complement X‐ray crystallographic data with spectroscopic analyses.
Multicolor Mechanofluorophores for the Quantitative Detection of Covalent Bond Scission in Polymers
Authors: Baumann Christoph , Stratigaki Maria , Centeno Silvia P. , Göstl Robert 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe fracture of polymer materials is a multiscale process starting with the scission of a single molecular bond advancing to a site of failure within the bulk. Quantifying the bonds broken during this process remains a big challenge yet would help to understand the distribution and dissipation of macroscopic mechanical energy. We here show the design and synthesis of fluorogenic molecular optical force probes (mechanofluorophores) covering the entire visible spectrum in both absorption and emission. Their dual fluorescent character allows to track non‐broken and broken bonds in dissolved and bulk polymers by fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy. Importantly, we develop an approach to determine the absolute number and relative fraction of intact and cleaved bonds with high local resolution. We anticipate that our mechanofluorophores in combination with our quantification methodology will allow to quantitatively describe fracture processes in materials ranging from soft hydrogels to high‐performance polymers.
Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Sarpagine and Koumine Alkaloids
Authors: Yang Zhao , Tan Qiuyuan , Jiang Yan , Yang Jiaojiao , Su Xiaojiao , Qiao Zhen , Zhou Wenqiang , He Ling , Qiu Hanyue , Zhang Min 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe report here a concise, collective, and asymmetric total synthesis of sarpagine alkaloids and biogenetically related koumine alkaloids, which structurally feature a rigid cage scaffold, with L‐tryptophan as the starting material. Two key bridged skeleton‐forming reactions, namely tandem sequential oxidative cyclopropanol ring‐opening cyclization and ketone α‐allenylation, ensure concurrent assembly of the caged sarpagine scaffold and installation of requisite derivative handles. With a common caged intermediate as the branch point, by taking advantage of ketone and allene groups therein, total synthesis of five sarpagine alkaloids (affinisine, normacusine B, trinervine, Na‐methyl‐16‐epipericyclivine, and vellosimine) with various substituents and three koumine alkaloids (koumine, koumimine, and N‐demethylkoumine) with more complex cage scaffolds has been accomplished.
NORD: NO Relaxation Delay NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Nagy Tamás Milán , Kövér Katalin E. , Sørensen Ole W. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe novel concept of NORD (NO relaxation delay) NMR spectroscopy is introduced. The idea is to design concatenated experiments in a way that the magnetization used in the first relaxes toward equilibrium during the second and vice versa, thus saving instrument time. Applications include complete well‐resolved 1H‐1H and 1H‐13C one‐bond and long‐range correlation maps of an 80 mM solution of a trisaccharide recorded in less than two minutes and hydrocortisone with extensive spectral overlap.
Kinetic Resolution of Tertiary Benzyl Alcohols via Palladium/Chiral Norbornene Cooperative Catalysis
Authors: Hua Yu , Liu Ze‐Shui , Xie Pei‐Pei , Ding Bo , Cheng Hong‐Gang , Hong Xin , Zhou Qianghui 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHerein we report a highly enantioselective kinetic resolution of tertiary benzyl alcohols via palladium/chiral norbornene cooperative catalysis. With simple aryl iodides as the resolution reagent, a wide range of readily available racemic tertiary benzyl alcohols are applicable to this method. Both chiral tertiary benzyl alcohols and benzo[c]chromene products are obtained in good to excellent enantioselectivities (selectivity factor up to 544). The appealing synthetic utility of the obtained enantioenriched tertiary alcohols is demonstrated by the facile preparation of several valuable chiral heterocycles. Preliminary mechanism studies include DFT calculations to explain the origin of enantiodiscrimination and control experiments to uncover the formation of a transient axial chirality during the kinetic resolution step.
Microfibers nanocomposite based on polyacrylonitrile fibers/bismuth oxide nanoparticles as X‐ray shielding material
Authors: Rashidi Mehdi , Rezaei Aram , Bijari Salar , Jaymand Mehdi , Samadian Hadi , Arkan Elham , Zahabi Saleh Salehi , Hosseini Mehdi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe main focus of the current study was to fabricate fibrous nanocomposite based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers containing Bi2O3 NPs as the X‐ray shielding material. Bi2O3 NPs were synthesized based on the solid dispersion evaporation method and dispersed into PAN polymer solution with different weight concentrations. The electrospinning technique was used to fabricate nanocomposite. The morphology, surface functional group, wettability, elemental analysis, and X‐ray shielding efficacy of the fabricated nanocomposite were thoroughly evaluated. The dimeter of the fibrous nanocomposites containing 10, 20, and 30 wt% Bi2O3 NPs were 1.33 ± 0.08, 1.01 ± 0.11, and 1.69 ± 0.32 μm, respectively. EDX elemental analysis showed that NPs were uniformly distributed into/onto the fibers. The X‐ray shielding studies showed that the prepared nanocomposites effectively attenuate the intensity of the X‐ray. The entrance surface dose for the negative control was 24.10 ± 1.71 mSv and the application of the nanocomposites significantly reduced the entrance surface dose. The results showed NPs concentration‐dependent CT number shift as the indication of X‐ray protection and the highest value was obtained by 30 wt% NPs. The obtained results implied that the fabricated nanocomposites effectively attenuate the radiation and they could be applied as the X‐ray shielding materials.
Preparation and anti‐evaporation properties of organic–inorganic superabsorbent based on Tragacanth gum and clay
Authors: Zhao Junji , Qiu Xueyan , Liu Xiaomei , Ye Xie , Xiong Hongran , Liang Yan , Lei Ziqiang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, the application of superabsorbent resin (SAP) in inhibiting the soil moisture evaporation (or slowing down the water outflow) was studied. The clay‐SAP composites were fabricated by grafting of poly (acrylic acid‐N‐hydroxymethyl acrylamide/clay) (GT‐g‐P [AA‐co‐NHA]/clay) on Tragacanth gum (GT), using solution polymerization. The structure, morphology and stability of the clay‐SAP composites were investigated by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscope and TGA. The maximum swelling ratio of Attapulgite (3%)‐, Kaolin (3%)‐ and Montmorillonite (3%)‐SAP composite in deionized water reached 1180, 819 and 525 g/g respectively, and the maximum swelling ratio in tap water reached up to 206, 192 and 170 g/g respectively. Meanwhile, the maximum swelling ratio in 0.9% NaCl solution was 95, 82 and 62 g/g respectively. The water retention of clay‐SAP composites was also analyzed as a function of temperature. In addition, by simulating the desertification area, the effect of the APT (3%)‐SAP composite on the anti‐evaporation performance was studied. The obtained results revealed that the water retention of APT (3%)‐SAP composite was 36% at 45°C for 12 h. Under natural conditions, the evaporation rate of the anti‐evaporation material was inversely proportional to the amount of APT (3%)‐SAP composite added.
Characterization of the resistance to abrasive chemical agents of test specimens of thermoplastic elastomeric polyurethane composite materials produced by additive manufacturing
Authors: Paz Eva , Jiménez Mariano , Romero Luis , Espinosa María del Mar , Domínguez Manuel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCurrently the development of additive manufacturing and the emerging of new materials allows to manufacturing process obtaining functional models with properties and geometries adapted to each particular case with low production times and costs. Specifically, 3D printing by fused deposition modeling (FDM) that operates with polymers, is one of the most widespread and popular techniques. Among the numerous materials available, the elastomeric polymers, whose base composition is polyurethane, are becoming increasingly important since allow to obtain flexible pieces with good mechanical and chemical resistance. The objective of this work is to study the effect of an abrasive fluid (commercial automotive petrol) on test specimens made of two different elastomeric filaments commonly used in 3D printing, thermoplastic polyurethane and thermoplastic elastomers. To do this, some of the main physical and mechanical properties – hardness, weigh variation and tensile and bending tests ‐ of these materials were analyzed after immersion of the samples in petrol for different periods of time. Specimens with different volume of material inside their structure were designed in order to determine the effect of the volume filling on the mechanical properties and the petrol effect.