bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the experiences and perception of people living with HIV on integrative traditional East Asian medicine management in Korea: an interview protocol for qualitative research
Authors: Youn Inae , Cheong Moon Joo , Kim Jinwon , Kim Soo Im , Kim Hye Kyung , Kwon Miri , Seo Joohee , Nam Dongwoo , Leem Jungtae 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionPatients with HIV/AIDS have been able to experience the average life expectancy of the general population due to medical advancements. However, they face physical, emotional and social difficulties that worsen their quality of life. The pharmacological approach is often the first choice to address these issues, but it involves some limitations. Integrative traditional East Asian medicine (ITEAM) can compensate for the limitations of drugs and can be applied to treat physiological and psychiatric problems. In Korea, ITEAM interventions are easily accessible under the government insurance. However, the experiences, perceptions and barriers to the use of ITEAM in patients with HIV/AIDS are less studied. Therefore, we will interview them to explore their experiences and examine the strengths, limitations, barriers and improvements in the use of ITEAM.Methods and analysisThis is a qualitative study using a phenomenological framework. We will conduct one-to-one interviews with 3–10 patients with HIV/AIDS who have been treated with ITEAM from March 2021 to January 2022. We will present semistructured open-ended questions and analyse them using experiential phenomenological research methods. The results will be reported in accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies.Ethics and disseminationThis research was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the National Medical Center (IRB number, NMC-2101-008). The results of this study will be disseminated through journal articles, newspapers and conference proceedings.Trial registration numberClinical Research Information Service: KCT0005855; Pre-results.
Use of glucose for pain management in premature neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Oliveira Débora Joyce Duarte , Medeiros Kleyton Santos , Sarmento Ayane Cristine Alves , Oliveira Francisca Jennifer Duarte , Costa Ana Paula Ferreira , Souza Nilba Lima , Gonçalves Ana Katherine , Silva Maria de Lourdes Costa 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionTherapeutic management of neonatal pain is essential to reduce changes in initial and subsequent development. Although glucose has been shown to be effective in relieving pain, concentrations and dosages remain to be standardised. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to identify the efficacy of glucose as an analgesic in preterm infants.Methods and analysisThe Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, Medline, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature and Embase databases will be researched for randomised studies published until December 2021. This systematic review and meta-analysis will include studies investigating the use of glucose for pain control in premature neonates. The primary outcome will be pain relief. Three independent reviewers will select the studies and extract the data from original publications. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Data synthesis will be performed using the Review Manager software (RevMan V.5.2.3). We will evaluate heterogeneity based on I2statistics. In addition, quantitative synthesis will be performed if the included studies are sufficiently homogeneous.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for the research will not be required for this systematic review. The results of this study will be published in an international journal.Trial registration numberThis protocol was submitted to the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, number CRD42021236217).
Trend and decomposition analysis of risk factors of childbirths with no one present in Nigeria, 1990–2018
Authors: Fagbamigbe Adeniyi Francis , Bello Segun , Salawu Mobolaji M , Afolabi Rotimi F , Gbadebo Babatunde M , Adebowale Ayo S 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesTo assess the trend and decompose the determinants of delivery with no one present (NOP) at birth with an in-depth subnational analysis in Nigeria.DesignCross-sectional.SettingNigeria, with five waves of nationally representative data in 1990, 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2018.ParticipantsWomen with at least one childbirth within 5 years preceding each wave of data collection.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe outcome of interest is giving birth with NOP at delivery defined as childbirth assisted by no one. Data were analysed using Χ2and multivariate decomposition analyses at a 5% significance level.ResultsThe prevalence of having NOP at delivery was 15% over the studied period, ranges from 27% in 1990 to 11% in 2018. Overall, the prevalence of having NOP at delivery reduced significantly by 35% and 61% within 2003–2018 and 1990–2018, respectively (p<0.001). We found wide variations in NOP across the states in Nigeria. The highest NOP practice was in Zamfara (44%), Kano (40%) and Katsina (35%); while the practice was 0.1% in Bayelsa, 0.8% in Enugu, 0.9% in Osun and 1.1% in Imo state. The decomposition analysis of the changes in having NOP at delivery showed that 85.4% and 14.6% were due to differences in women’s characteristics (endowment) and effects (coefficient), respectively. The most significant contributions to the changes were the decision-maker of healthcare utilisation (49%) and women educational status (24%). Only Gombe experienced a significant increase (p<0.05) in the level of having NOP between 2003 and 2018.ConclusionA long-term decreasing secular trend of NOP at delivery was found in Nigeria. NOP is more prevalent in the northern states than in the south. Achieving zero prevalence of NOP at delivery in Nigeria would require a special focus on healthcare utilisation, enhancing maternal education and healthcare utilisation decision-making power.
Protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial of zoledronic acid to prevent bone loss following sleeve gastrectomy surgery
Authors: Flores Laura E , Mack Lynn , Wichman Christopher , Weaver Ashley A , Kothari Vishal , Bilek Laura D 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionSleeve gastrectomy (SG) is an increasingly used and effective treatment for obesity; however, the rapid weight loss associated with SG adversely affects bone metabolism predisposing patients to skeletal fragility. Bisphosphonate medications have been evaluated for safety and efficacy in combating bone loss in patients with osteoporosis, but their use in SG-induced bone loss is limited. The goal of this study is to investigate how a one-time infusion of zoledronic acid compares to placebo, in its ability to combat SG-associated bone loss.Methods and analysisThis research protocol is a 9-month, pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving 30 adult SG patients randomised to receive an infusion of either 5 mg of zoledronic acid or placebo, 6 weeks following surgery. To be included participants must be <350 lbs/158.8 kg, free of bone-impacting pathologies or medications, and must have adequate serum calcium and vitamin D levels at baseline. The primary outcome is change in areal bone mineral density (aBMD) at the total hip. Secondary outcomes include change in aBMD of the femoral neck, and lumbar spine, and change in volumetric BMD at the lumbar spine. The primary aim will be tested using a linear mixed model fit with total hip aBMD at 9 months as the outcome. Treatment, participant sex and menopausal status will be considered in analysis. Groups will be compared using contrast statements at 9 months, with change over 9 months being the primary comparison.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Nebraska Medical Center (IRB820-19). Written consent will be obtained from participants at enrolment by trained staff. Careful and thorough explanation are used in obtainment of consent and voluntariness is emphasised throughout the trial. The findings of this study will be presented locally, nationally, and published in peer-reviewed journals. Additional details will be reported on ClinicalTrials.gov.Trial registration numberNCT04279392
Timely community palliative and end-of-life care: a realist synthesis
Authors: Petrova Mila , Wong Geoff , Kuhn Isla , Wellwood Ian , Barclay Stephen 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundCommunity-based and home-based palliative and end-of-life care (PEoLC) services, often underpinned by primary care provision, are becoming increasingly popular. One of the key challenges associated with them is their timely initiation. The latter requires an accurate enough prediction of how close to death a patient is.MethodsUsing ‘realist synthesis’ tools, this review sought to develop explanations of how primary care and community PEoLC programmes generate their outcomes, with the explanations presented as context–mechanism–outcome configurations. Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ASSIA, Sociological Abstracts and SCIE Social Care Online were originally searched. A multistage process of focusing the review was employed, with timely identification of the EoL stage and timely initiation of associated services representing the final review focus. Synthesised sources included 21 full-text documents and 324 coded abstracts, with 253 ‘core contents’ abstracts generating >800 codes.ResultsNumerous PEoLC policies and programmes are embedded in a framework of Preparation and Planning for Death and Dying, with identification of the dying stage setting in motion key systems and services. This is challenged by: (1) accumulated evidence demonstrating low accuracy of prognostic judgements; (2) many individuals’ orientation towards Living and Hope; (3) expanding grey zones between palliative and curative care; (4) the complexity of referral decisions; (5) the loss of pertinent information in hierarchical relationships and (6) the ambiguous value of having ‘more time’.ConclusionPrioritising temporal criteria in initiating PEoLC services is not sufficiently supported by current evidence and can have significant unintended consequences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018097218.
Bee Representations in Human Art and Culture through the Ages
Authors: Prendergast Kit S. , Garcia Jair E. , Howard Scarlett R. , Ren Zong-Xin , McFarlane Stuart J. , Dyer Adrian G. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The field of bioaesthetics seeks to understand how modern humans may have first developed art appreciation and is informed by considering a broad range of fields including painting, sculpture, music and the built environment. In recent times there has been a diverse range of art and communication media representing bees, and such work is often linked to growing concerns about potential bee declines due to a variety of factors including natural habitat fragmentation, climate change, and pesticide use in agriculture. We take a broad view of human art representations of bees to ask if the current interest in artistic representations of bees is evidenced throughout history, and in different regions of the world prior to globalisation. We observe from the earliest records of human representations in cave art over 8,000 years old through to ancient Egyptian carvings of bees and hieroglyphics, that humans have had a long-term relationship with bees especially due to the benefits of honey, wax, and crop pollination. The relationship between humans and bees frequently links to religious and spiritual representations in different parts of the world from Australia to Europe, South America and Asia. Art mediums have frequently included the visual and musical, thus showing evidence of being deeply rooted in how different people around the world perceive and relate to bees in nature through creative practice. In modern times, artistic representations extend to installation arts, mixed-media, and the moving image. Through the examination of the diverse inclusion of bees in human culture and art, we show that there are links between the functional benefits of associating with bees, including sourcing sweet-tasting nutritious food that could have acted, we suggest, to condition positive responses in the brain, leading to the development of an aesthetic appreciation of work representing bees.
The effectiveness of functional electrical stimulation of the legs in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wang Hsun-Yi , Chen Yu-Hsuan , Kuan Yi-Chun , Huang Shih-Wei , Lin Li-Fong , Chen Hung-Chou 
Published: December 2021

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of functional electrical stimulation of the legs in patients with heart failure. Methods Data were obtained from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases until August 12, 2021. We included randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effects of functional electrical stimulation applied to the legs of patients with heart failure, namely changes in cardiopulmonary function, muscle strength, and quality of life. Results In total, 14 randomized controlled trials (consisting of 518 patients) were included in our article. Pooled estimates demonstrated that functional electrical stimulation significantly improved peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2; standardized mean difference = 0.33, 95% confidence interval = 0.07–0.59, eight randomized controlled trials, n = 321), 6-min walking distance (mean difference = 48.03 m, 95% confidence interval = 28.50–67.57 m, 10 randomized controlled trials, n = 380), and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire quality of life score (mean difference =  − 8.23, 95% confidence interval =  − 12.64 to − 3.83, nine randomized controlled trials, n = 383). Muscle strength of lower extremities was not significantly improved in the functional electrical stimulation group compared with that in the control group (standardized mean difference = 0.26, 95% confidence interval =  − 0.18 to 0.71, five randomized controlled trials, n = 218). Furthermore, the subgroup analysis revealed that functional electrical stimulation significantly improved peak VO2, 6-min walking distance, and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire quality of life score in the heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction subgroups. Conclusion Functional electrical stimulation can effectively improve the cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in patients with heart failure. However, functional electrical stimulation did not significantly improve muscle strength in the legs.
The Virulence of Grief in the Pandemic: Bereavement Overload During COVID
Authors: De Leon Corona Antonio Gabriel , Chin Jessica , No Paul , Tom Jennifer 
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic brought about bereavement overload as a risk factor for complicated grief. Bereavement overload (BO) describes individuals’ reactions to losses transpiring in a quick succession, without the time and opportunity for coping [9]. It can occur during catastrophic events and impact everyone experiencing the loss. With the high death toll from COVID-19, many people have lost multiple loved ones followed by an abbreviated grieving process due to the nature of the pandemic. This can have psychosocial impact on survivors for years. One of the evolving roles of Palliative Care within and after the pandemic should be to recognize those suffering from BO. Obtaining loss histories may identify those at risk of pathologic grief to provide preventive bereavement care. We present three cases encountered in our health system during the COVID-19 pandemic amongst a family member, a patient, and a healthcare provider. In each case the Palliative Care Team worked closely with these individuals to identify COVID-associated BO and helped them reconcile their unresolved grief to be able to move forward. These cases reflect only a fraction of those who experienced loss during the pandemic, but they illustrate how grief can be complicated by the pandemic for everyone involved. Palliative Care will have a crucial role moving forward, in treating the pandemic of complicated grief within the pandemic to adapt to the needs of all survivors, as we realize the effects of COVID will last long after its virulence has waned.
Healthcare service use patterns among autistic adults: A systematic review with narrative synthesis
Authors: Gilmore Daniel , Krantz Morgan , Weaver Lindy , Hand Brittany N 
Published: December 2021

Autistic adults often experience barriers to healthcare that can cause their healthcare service use to be unique from other populations. We conducted a systematic review to gather the most recent evidence about how often autistic adults use five important healthcare services (the emergency department, hospitalization, outpatient mental health, preventive services, and primary care) compared to populations of non-autistic adults. We searched six electronic research databases for articles. Our search strategy identified N = 2964 unique articles. Ultimately, we included N = 16 articles in our review. Most included studies (N = 13) were high-quality level 3a studies that compared autistic adults’ service use to a non-autistic population comparison group (N = 11), and examined emergency department use (N = 12). Autistic adults most often had equal or higher use of services than population comparison groups across all healthcare services we examined. Although autistic adults had greater use of primary care and preventive services than comparison groups, frequent emergency department visits and hospitalizations may reflect that these services are not adequately meeting autistic adults’ needs. Future research should identify targets for improving autistic adults’ access to and use of primary care and preventive services, which may ultimately reduce frequent use of the emergency department and hospitalizations. Lay abstract Autistic adults often have complex healthcare needs due to factors like having other health conditions, sensory sensitivities, and limited access to healthcare providers who are trained to provide care for them. All these factors may influence the healthcare services that autistic adults use. In this review, we searched six electronic research databases to gather the most recent evidence about how often autistic adults use five important healthcare services (the emergency department, hospitalization, outpatient mental health, preventive services, and primary care) compared to populations of non-autistic adults. A total of 16 articles were ultimately included in this review. Most articles found that autistic adults had equal or higher use of healthcare services than non-autistic adults. Autistic adults frequently used the emergency department and hospital. This may indicate that routine outpatient care in the community is not meeting their needs. Our findings show the importance of improving care at this level for autistic adults to reduce overuse of the emergency department (in this article referred to as ED) and hospital.
Use of Mobile-Based Application for Collection of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Ben-Ali Walid , Lamarche Yoan , Carrier Michel , Demers Philippe , Bouchard Denis , El-Hamamsy Ismail , Cartier Raymond , Pellerin Michel , Perrault Louis P. 
Published: December 2021

Objective Application-based (app) technology has been studied for patient engagement and collecting patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in several surgical specialties with limited research in cardiac surgery. The aim of study was to determine the effectiveness of app-based technology for collecting PROs, improving the patient experience, and reducing health services utilization in a cardiac surgery center. Methods Patients accessed an interactive app via smartphones. Patients were guided from 4 weeks preoperative to 4 weeks postoperative via reminders, tasks, PRO surveys, and evidence-based education. In the postoperative period, patients were engaged with daily health surveys to track warning signs and recovery milestones. Based on the patient's signs and symptoms, the app escalated lower risk issues to self-care education or higher risk issues to the care team (e.g., phone call to a nurse). Results Sixty-six percent of patients (730 of 1,108) activated their app account. Two hundred seventy-seven patients completed an end-of-program feedback survey, with 94% of patients recommending the app and 98% of patients finding the app was helpful in recovery. Patients also reported using the app to avoid unnecessary health services utilization, with 45% of patients using the app to avoid at least 1 phone call and 28% of patients using the app to avoid at least 1 hospital visit. Conclusions App-based technology for patient engagement is an effective modality to enhance the patient experience, better understand the trajectory of recovery, and reduce unnecessary health services utilization in cardiac surgery.
How We Perform a David Procedure With an Upper Hemisternotomy Approach
Authors: Shah Vishal N. , Kilcoyne Maxwell F. , Buckley Meghan , Orlov Oleg I. , Sicouri Serge , Plestis Konstadinos A. 
Published: December 2021

Objective Valve-sparing aortic root replacement (David procedure) is the technique of choice in appropriately selected patients with aortic root aneurysms. These procedures are seldom performed in a minimally invasive fashion. We describe our systematic approach to the David procedure using an upper hemisternotomy (UHS). Methods: Our method involves a J-type UHS exiting the right third or fourth intercostal space. Ascending aortic and femoral venous cannulation are performed using the Seldinger technique under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance. Between August 2005 and August 2014, 27 patients underwent an isolated elective David procedure using a full sternotomy (FS). Sixteen underwent an isolated elective UHS David procedure from May 2015 to February 2019. Perioperative safety outcomes were compared between the 2 cohorts. Results: The UHS and FS David cohorts were primarily male (87.5% and 85.2%, respectively) and 51 and 50 years old on average, respectively. Custodiol-histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate cardioplegia (93.8% vs 37.0%, P < 0.001) and Cor-Knot (100% vs 0%, P < 0.001) were used significantly more in the UHS David cohort. There were no significant differences in cardiopulmonary bypass (200 [183–208] vs 212 [183–223] min, P = 0.309) and aortic cross-clamp (169 [155–179] vs 188 [155–199] min, P = 0.128) times in the UHS and FS cohorts. There were no instances of hospital or 30-day mortality in either cohort. Intensive care unit and hospital stays were comparable between the 2 cohorts. Conclusions: The David procedure via UHS is a safe and reproducible technique for aortic root replacement.
Contemporary pregnancy outcomes for women with moderate and severe congenital heart disease
Authors: Kops Samantha A , Strah Danielle D , Andrews Jennifer , Klewer Scott E , Seckeler Michael D 
Published: December 2021

Background Women with congenital heart disease (CHD) are surviving into adulthood, with more undergoing pregnancy. Methods Retrospective review of the Vizient database from 2017–2019 for women 15–44 years old with moderate, severe or no CHD and vaginal delivery or caesarean section. Demographics, hospital outcomes and costs were compared. Results There were 2,469,117 admissions: 2,467,589 with no CHD, 1277 with moderate and 251 with severe CHD. Both CHD groups were younger than no CHD, there were fewer white race/ethnicity in the no CHD group and more women with Medicare in both CHD groups compared to no CHD. With increasing CHD severity there was an increase in length of stay, ICU admission rates and costs. There were also higher rates of complications, mortality and caesarean section in the CHD groups. Conclusion Pregnant women with CHD have more problematic pregnancies and understanding this impact is important to improve management and decrease healthcare utilization.