bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A stochastic matching model on hypergraphs
Authors: Rahme Youssef , Moyal Pascal 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMotivated by applications to a wide range of areas, including assemble-to-order systems, operations scheduling, healthcare systems, and the collaborative economy, we study a stochastic matching model on hypergraphs, extending the model of Mairesse and Moyal (J. Appl. Prob.53, 2016) to the case of hypergraphical (rather than graphical) matching structures. We address a discrete-event system under a random input of single items, simply using the system as an interface to be matched in groups of two or more. We primarily study the stability of this model, for various hypergraph geometries.
Developing a classification system and algorithm to track community-engaged research using IRB protocols at a large research university
Authors: Zimmerman Emily B. , Raskin Sarah E. , Ferrell Brian , Krist Alex H. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCommunity-engaged research (CEnR) is now an established research approach. The current research seeks to pilot the systematic and automated identification and categorization of CEnR to facilitate longitudinal tracking using administrative data. We inductively analyzed and manually coded a sample of Institutional Review Board (IRB) protocols. Comparing the variety of partnered relationships in practice with established conceptual classification systems, we developed five categories of partnership:Non-CEnR, Instrumental, Academic-led, Cooperative, and Reciprocal.The coded protocols were used to train a deep-learning algorithm using natural language processing to categorize research. We compared the results to data from three questions added to the IRB application to identify whether studies had a community partner and the type of engagement planned. The preliminary results show that the algorithm is potentially more likely to categorize studies as CEnR compared to investigator-recorded data and to categorize studies at a higher level of engagement. With this approach, universities could use administrative data to inform strategic planning, address progress in meeting community needs, and coordinate efforts across programs and departments. As scholars and technical experts improve the algorithm’s accuracy, universities and research institutions could implement standardized reporting features to track broader trends and accomplishments.
Invariant escaping Fatou components with two rank-one limit functions for automorphisms of
Authors: BENINI ANNA MIRIAM , SARACCO ALBERTO , ZEDDA MICHELA 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe construct automorphisms of
${\mathbb C}^2$
, and more precisely transcendental Hénon maps, with an invariant escaping Fatou component which has exactly two distinct limit functions, both of (generic) rank one. We also prove a general growth lemma for the norm of points in orbits belonging to invariant escaping Fatou components for automorphisms of the form
$F(z,w)=(g(z,w),z)$
with
$g(z,w):{\mathbb C}^2\rightarrow {\mathbb C}$
holomorphic.
Validating efficacy of Sericocomopsis hildebrandtii, Carissa edulis, and Ximenia americana in treating Taenia solium cysticercosis in pigs: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kabululu Mwemezi L. , Boa Mathias E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Ethnoveterinary use of plants dates back to ancient times. This study aimed to validate purported efficacy of Sericocomopsis hildebrandtii and a concoction of Carissa edulis and Ximenia americana in treating Taenia solium cysticercosis in pigs. Twenty-four infected pigs were randomly allocated to T1, T2, and T0 groups, each with eight pigs. Each T1 pig was provided with 8 g of S. hildebrandtii root powder, whereas each T2 pig was given 8 g of the concoction. T0 was a control. The pigs were slaughtered 16 weeks post treatment and carcase dissections were performed to establish cyst numbers. T1 cyst numbers were significantly lower than those of T0 (p = .004) and T2 (p = .013). No difference was observed between T2 and T0. This study validated efficacy of S. hildebrandtii but not of X. americana and C. edulis. Further studies are necessary for validation and documentation of plants of ethnoveterinary importance.
Severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nosocomial transmission dynamics, a retrospective cohort study of two healthcare-associated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clusters in a district hospital in England during March and April 2020
Authors: Leeman David S. , Ma Thomas S.-G. , Pathiraja Melanie M. , Taylor Jennifer A. , Adnan Tahira Z. , Baltas Ioannis , Ioannou Adam , Iyengar Srikanth R. S. , Mearkle Rachel A. , Stockdale Thomas J. , Van Den Abbeele Koenraad , Balasegaram Sooria 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjective:To understand the transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a hospital outbreak to inform infection control actions.Design:Retrospective cohort study.Setting:General medical and elderly inpatient wards in a hospital in England.Methods:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients were classified as community or healthcare associated by time from admission to onset or positivity using European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control definitions. COVID-19 symptoms were classified as asymptomatic, nonrespiratory, or respiratory. Infectiousness was calculated from 2 days prior to 14 days after symptom onset or positive test. Cases were defined as healthcare-associated COVID-19 when infection was acquired from the wards under investigation. COVID-19 exposures were calculated based on symptoms and bed proximity to an infectious patient. Risk ratios and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated from univariable and multivariable logistic regression.Results:Of 153 patients, 65 were COVID-19 patients and 45 of these were healthcare-associated cases. Exposure to a COVID-19 patient with respiratory symptoms was associated with healthcare-associated infection irrespective of proximity (aOR, 3.81; 95% CI, 1.6.3–8.87). Nonrespiratory exposure was only significant within 2.5 m (aOR, 5.21; 95% CI, 1.15–23.48). A small increase in risk ratio was observed for exposure to a respiratory patient for >1 day compared to 1 day from 2.04 (95% CI, 0.99–4.22) to 2.36 (95% CI, 1.44–3.88).Conclusions:Respiratory exposure anywhere within a 4-bed bay was a risk, whereas nonrespiratory exposure required bed distance ≤2.5 m. Standard infection control measures required beds to be >2 m apart. Our findings suggest that this may be insufficient to stop SARS-CoV-2 transmission. We recommend improving cohorting and further studies into bed distance and transmission factors.
Large-deviation asymptotics of condition numbers of random matrices
Authors: Singull Martin , Uwamariya Denise , Yang Xiangfeng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLet
$\mathbf{X}$
be a
$p\times n$
random matrix whose entries are independent and identically distributed real random variables with zero mean and unit variance. We study the limiting behaviors of the 2-normal condition number k(p,n) of
$\mathbf{X}$
in terms of large deviations for large n, with p being fixed or
$p=p(n)\rightarrow\infty$
with
$p(n)=o(n)$
. We propose two main ingredients: (i) to relate the large-deviation probabilities of k(p,n) to those involving n independent and identically distributed random variables, which enables us to consider a quite general distribution of the entries (namely the sub-Gaussian distribution), and (ii) to control, for standard normal entries, the upper tail of k(p,n) using the upper tails of ratios of two independent
$\chi^2$
random variables, which enables us to establish an application in statistical inference.
Effects of prior deployments and perceived resilience on anger trajectories of combat-deployed soldiers
Authors: Campbell-Sills Laura , Kautz Jason D. , Choi Karmel W. , Naifeh James A. , Aliaga Pablo A. , Jain Sonia , Sun Xiaoying , Kessler Ronald C. , Stein Murray B. , Ursano Robert J. , Bliese Paul D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundProblematic anger is frequently reported by soldiers who have deployed to combat zones. However, evidence is lacking with respect to how anger changes over a deployment cycle, and which factors prospectively influence change in anger among combat-deployed soldiers.MethodsReports of problematic anger were obtained from 7298 US Army soldiers who deployed to Afghanistan in 2012. A series of mixed-effects growth models estimated linear trajectories of anger over a period of 1–2 months before deployment to 9 months post-deployment, and evaluated the effects of pre-deployment factors (prior deployments and perceived resilience) on average levels and growth of problematic anger.ResultsA model with random intercepts and slopes provided the best fit, indicating heterogeneity in soldiers' levels and trajectories of anger. First-time deployers reported the lowest anger overall, but the most growth in anger over time. Soldiers with multiple prior deployments displayed the highest anger overall, which remained relatively stable over time. Higher pre-deployment resilience was associated with lower reports of anger, but its protective effect diminished over time. First- and second-time deployers reporting low resilience displayed different anger trajectories (stable v. decreasing, respectively).ConclusionsChange in anger from pre- to post-deployment varies based on pre-deployment factors. The observed differences in anger trajectories suggest that efforts to detect and reduce problematic anger should be tailored for first-time v. repeat deployers. Ongoing screening is needed even for soldiers reporting high resilience before deployment, as the protective effect of pre-deployment resilience on anger erodes over time.
Adaptive management plans rooted in quantitative ecological predictions of ecosystem processes: putting monitoring data to practical use
Authors: Damgaard Christian 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe adoption of adaptive management plans has been advocated in order to ensure the most effective management of natural habitats. Here, it is demonstrated how a hierarchical structural equation model that is fitted to temporal ecological monitoring data from a number of sites may be used to generate quantitative local ecological predictions and how these predictions may form the basis of adaptive management plans. Local ecological predictions will be made for the cover of the dwarf shrub cross-leaved heath (Erica tetralix) on Danish wet heathlands, which is an indicator of the conservation status of wet heathlands under different management scenarios. Based on a realistic example, the model predictions conclude that grazing by livestock on wet heathlands with a relatively low cover of cross-leaved heath cannot be recommended as the only management practice. Generally, ecological monitoring data may be used to generate quantitative and credible local adaptive management plans where uncertainty is taken into account.
Measurements of the Net Charge Density of Space Plasmas
Authors: Shen Chao , Zhou Yufei , Gao Lai , Wang Xiaogang , Pu Zuyin , Escoubet C. Philippe , Burch J. L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSpace plasmas are composed of charged particles that play a key role in electromagnetic dynamics. However, to date, there has been no direct measurement of the distribution of such charges in space. In this study, three schemes for measuring charge densities in space are presented. The first scheme is based on electric field measurements by multiple spacecraft. This method is applied to deduce the charge density distribution within Earth's magnetopause boundary layer using Magnetospheric MultiScale constellation (MMS) four‐point measurements, and indicates the existence of a charge separation there. The second and third schemes proposed are both based on electric potential measurements from multiple electric probes. The second scheme, which requires 10 or more electric potential probes, can yield the net charge density to first‐order accuracy, while the third scheme, which makes use of seven to eight specifically distributed probes, can give the net charge density with second‐order accuracy. The feasibility, reliability, and accuracy of these three schemes are successfully verified for a charged‐ball model. These charge density measurement schemes could potentially be applied in both space exploration and ground‐based laboratory experiments.
Optimization of Real‐Time Control With Green and Gray Infrastructure Design for a Cost‐Effective Mitigation of Combined Sewer Overflows
Authors: Jean Marie‐Ève , Morin Camille , Duchesne Sophie , Pelletier Geneviève , Pleau Martin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn innovative optimization‐simulation framework is applied to a case study of the Province of Quebec, Canada, to optimize the spatial distribution of green infrastructure (GI), the capacity and location of gray infrastructure, and the parameters specific to real‐time control (RTC) operating rules of a sewer system for reducing combined sewer overflows (CSOs) frequency and volume. GI, gray infrastructure, and RTC are applied either individually or in integration through eight optimization scenarios which are simulated over a nine‐year period of historical rainfall data. Among all scenarios, spatial optimization of GI with RTC leads to maximal CSO volume reduction (98%) and is the most cost‐effective option analyzed (70$/m3 of seasonal average CSO reduction compared to 140$/m3 for the scenario involving gray infrastructure alone). However, it requires a high GI implementation level and the CSO frequency under this scenario is sensitive to varying GI design parameters. The findings suggest that the best alternative for CSO control is the integration of the optimization of green and gray infrastructures with RTC as it still provides high CSO volume reduction (95%) and remains a cost‐effective solution (90$/m3 of CSO reduction), while providing robustness under cost and design uncertainties.
CircMYOF triggers progression and facilitates glycolysis via the VEGFA/PI3K/AKT axis by absorbing miR-4739 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zheng Dandan , Huang Xianxian , Peng Juanfei , Zhuang Yanyan , Li Yuanhua , Qu Junchi , Zhang Shineng , Huang Fengting 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEmerging evidence has demonstrated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) take part in the initiation and development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), a deadly neoplasm with an extremely low 5-year survival rate. Reprogrammed glucose metabolism is a key feature of tumour development, including PDA. In this research, we evaluated the role of circRNAs in reprogrammed glucose metabolism in PDA. RNA sequencing under various glucose incubation circumstances was performed. A new circMYOF was identified. Sanger sequencing and RNase R treatment confirmed its circular RNA characteristics. Real-time PCR indicated that it was highly expressed in PDA clinical specimens and cell lines. Gain-of- and loss-of-function assays showed that circMYOF induced progression in PDA. Mechanistically, RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter experiments elucidated that circMYOF, as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-4739, facilitated glycolysis via the VEGFA/PI3K/AKT pathway. Taken together, our findings indicate that circMYOF may work as a desirable biomarker and therapeutic target for PDA patients.
In-plane quasi-single-domain BaTiO3 via interfacial symmetry engineering
Authors: Lee J. W. , Eom K. , Paudel T. R. , Wang B. , Lu H. , Huyan H. X. , Lindemann S. , Ryu S. , Lee H. , Kim T. H. , Yuan Y. , Zorn J. A. , Lei S. , Gao W. P. , Tybell T. , Gopalan V. , Pan X. Q. , Gruverman A. , Chen L. Q. , Tsymbal E. Y. , Eom C. B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe control of the in-plane domain evolution in ferroelectric thin films is not only critical to understanding ferroelectric phenomena but also to enabling functional device fabrication. However, in-plane polarized ferroelectric thin films typically exhibit complicated multi-domain states, not desirable for optoelectronic device performance. Here we report a strategy combining interfacial symmetry engineering and anisotropic strain to design single-domain, in-plane polarized ferroelectric BaTiO3 thin films. Theoretical calculations predict the key role of the BaTiO3/PrScO3$${({{{{{\boldsymbol{110}}}}}})}_{{{{{{\bf{O}}}}}}}$$

(

110

)

O

substrate interfacial environment, where anisotropic strain, monoclinic distortions, and interfacial electrostatic potential stabilize a single-variant spontaneous polarization. A combination of scanning transmission electron microscopy, piezoresponse force microscopy, ferroelectric hysteresis loop measurements, and second harmonic generation measurements directly reveals the stabilization of the in-plane quasi-single-domain polarization state. This work offers design principles for engineering in-plane domains of ferroelectric oxide thin films, which is a prerequisite for high performance optoelectronic devices.
A novel mechanism for the loss of mRNA activity in lipid nanoparticle delivery systems
Authors: Packer Meredith , Gyawali Dipendra , Yerabolu Ravikiran , Schariter Joseph , White Phil 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLipid nanoparticle (LNP)-formulated mRNA vaccines were rapidly developed and deployed in response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Due to the labile nature of mRNA, identifying impurities that could affect product stability and efficacy is crucial to the long-term use of nucleic-acid based medicines. Herein, reversed-phase ion pair high performance liquid chromatography (RP-IP HPLC) was used to identify a class of impurity formed through lipid:mRNA reactions; such reactions are typically undetectable by traditional mRNA purity analytical techniques. The identified modifications render the mRNA untranslatable, leading to loss of protein expression. Specifically, electrophilic impurities derived from the ionizable cationic lipid component are shown to be responsible. Mechanisms implicated in the formation of reactive species include oxidation and subsequent hydrolysis of the tertiary amine. It thus remains critical to ensure robust analytical methods and stringent manufacturing control to ensure mRNA stability and high activity in LNP delivery systems.
Nanometric flow and earthquake instability
Authors: Sun Hongyu , Pec Matej 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFault zones accommodate relative motion between tectonic blocks and control earthquake nucleation. Nanocrystalline fault rocks are ubiquitous in “principal slip zones” indicating that these materials are determining fault stability. However, the rheology of nanocrystalline fault rocks remains poorly constrained. Here, we show that such fault rocks are an order of magnitude weaker than their microcrystalline counterparts when deformed at identical experimental conditions. Weakening of the fault rocks is hence intrinsic, it occurs once nanocrystalline layers form. However, it is difficult to produce “rate weakening” behavior due to the low measured stress exponent, n, of 1.3 ± 0.4 and the low activation energy, Q, of 16,000 ± 14,000 J/mol implying that the material will be strongly “rate strengthening” with a weak temperature sensitivity. Failure of the fault zone nevertheless occurs once these weak layers coalesce in a kinematically favored network. This type of instability is distinct from the frictional instability used to describe crustal earthquakes.
Design of modular autoproteolytic gene switches responsive to anti-coronavirus drug candidates
Authors: Franko Nik , Teixeira Ana Palma , Xue Shuai , Charpin-El Hamri Ghislaine , Fussenegger Martin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe main (Mpro) and papain-like (PLpro) proteases encoded by SARS-CoV-2 are essential to process viral polyproteins into functional units, thus representing key targets for anti-viral drug development. There is a need for an efficient inhibitor screening system that can identify drug candidates in a cellular context. Here we describe modular, tunable autoproteolytic gene switches (TAGS) relying on synthetic transcription factors that self-inactivate, unless in the presence of coronavirus protease inhibitors, consequently activating transgene expression. TAGS rapidly report the impact of drug candidates on Mpro and PLpro activities with a high signal-to-noise response and a sensitivity matching concentration ranges inhibiting viral replication. The modularity of the TAGS enabled the study of other Coronaviridae proteases, characterization of mutations and multiplexing of gene switches in human cells. Mice implanted with Mpro or PLpro TAGS-engineered cells enabled analysis of the activity and bioavailability of protease inhibitors in vivo in a virus-free setting.
A unified drug–target interaction prediction framework based on knowledge graph and recommendation system
Authors: Ye Qing , Hsieh Chang-Yu , Yang Ziyi , Kang Yu , Chen Jiming , Cao Dongsheng , He Shibo , Hou Tingjun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPrediction of drug-target interactions (DTI) plays a vital role in drug development in various areas, such as virtual screening, drug repurposing and identification of potential drug side effects. Despite extensive efforts have been invested in perfecting DTI prediction, existing methods still suffer from the high sparsity of DTI datasets and the cold start problem. Here, we develop KGE_NFM, a unified framework for DTI prediction by combining knowledge graph (KG) and recommendation system. This framework firstly learns a low-dimensional representation for various entities in the KG, and then integrates the multimodal information via neural factorization machine (NFM). KGE_NFM is evaluated under three realistic scenarios, and achieves accurate and robust predictions on four benchmark datasets, especially in the scenario of the cold start for proteins. Our results indicate that KGE_NFM provides valuable insight to integrate KG and recommendation system-based techniques into a unified framework for novel DTI discovery.