bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein): The Nearly Spherical Cow of Comets
Authors: Bernardinelli Pedro H. , Bernstein Gary M. , Montet Benjamin T. , Weryk Robert , Wainscoat Richard , Aguena M. , Allam S. , Andrade-Oliveira F. , Annis J. , Avila S. , Bertin E. , Brooks D. , Burke D. L. , Carnero Rosell A. , Kind M. Carrasco , Carretero J. , Cawthon R. , Conselice C. , Costanzi M. , da Costa L. N. , Pereira M. E. S. , De Vicente J. , Diehl H. T. , Everett S. , Ferrero I. , Flaugher B. , Frieman J. , García-Bellido J. , Gaztanaga E. , Gerdes D. W. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Gutierrez G. , Hinton S. R. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , James D. J. , Kuehn K. , Kuropatkin N. , Lahav O. , Maia M. A. G. , Marshall J. L. , Menanteau F. , Miquel R. , Morgan R. , Ogando R. L. C. , Paz-Chinchón F. , Pieres A. , Malagón A. A. Plazas , Rodriguez-Monroy M. , Romer A. K. , Roodman A. , Sanchez E. , Schubnell M. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Smith M. , Soares-Santos M. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Tarle G. , To C. , Troxel M. A. , Varga T. N. , Walker A. R. , Zhang Y. ,   (The DES Collaboration)
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Comet C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein), incoming from the Oort cloud, is remarkable in having the brightest (and presumably largest) nucleus of any well-measured comet and having been discovered at the heliocentric distance r

h
≈ 29 au, farther than any Oort cloud comet. In this work, we describe the discovery process and observations and the properties that can be inferred from images recorded until the first reports of activity in 2021 June. The orbit has i = 95°, with a perihelion of 10.97 au to be reached in 2031 and a previous aphelion at 40,400 ± 260 au. Backward integration of the orbit under a standard Galactic tidal model and known stellar encounters suggests a perihelion of q ≈ 18 au on its previous perihelion passage 3.5 Myr ago; hence, the current data could be the first ever obtained of a comet that has not been inside Uranus’s orbit in 4 Gyr. The photometric data show an unresolved nucleus with absolute magnitude H

r
= 8.0, colors that are typical of comet nuclei or Damocloids, and no secular trend as it traversed the range 34–23 au. For the r-band geometric albedo p

r
, this implies a diameter of

150

(

p

r

/

0.04
)

−
0.5

km. There is strong evidence of brightness fluctuations at the ±0.2 mag level, but no rotation period can be discerned. A coma, nominally consistent with a “stationary” 1/ρ surface brightness distribution, grew in scattering cross section at an exponential rate from A
f
ρ ≈ 1 to ≈150 m as the comet approached from 28 to 20 au. The activity rate is consistent with a very simple model of sublimation of a surface species in radiative equilibrium with the Sun. The inferred enthalpy of sublimation matches those of CO2 and NH3. More volatile species, such as N2, CH4, and CO, must be far less abundant on the sublimating surfaces.
Pratiques spontanées du questionnement en vidéoformation : une étude de deux cas en contextes professionnels différents
Authors: Alonso Vilches Vincent , Verpoorten Dominique , Detroz Pascal , Pirard Florence 
Published: November 2021

Cet article étudie les pratiques de questionnement qui se manifestent spontanément en vidéoformation dans deux contextes éloignés en apparence : stages en crèche et accompagnement pédagogique en enseignement universitaire. Il a pour but d’identifier le type de questionnement privilégié par des accompagnateurs et d’en comprendre leur utilisation. L’observation de trois débriefings issus de chacun de ces deux contextes fait apparaître des tendances analogues : une dominance des questions inductives et un guidage orienté vers la résolution de problème. Des autoconfrontations menées avec deux accompagnateurs sur la base des traces audiovisuelles de leur activité mettent en lumière une utilisation spécifique du questionnement, non pas tant pour s’informer au sujet de l’action réalisée par les accompagnés et visible à l’écran, que pour susciter chez ceux-ci une réflexion à visée professionnelle. Ces résultats sont discutés à la lumière des paradigmes qui président aux pratiques d’accompagnement et des conditions d’efficacité et de complémentarité des postures professionnelles. L’étude intéressera les formateurs et leurs responsables. En effet, ces pratiques spontanées d’accompagnement étant essentielles dans le milieu de la formation, il est important de mieux en saisir les possibles limites et contradictions et de montrer comment une intervention langagière peut avoir des effets éventuellement en décalage avec les intentions visées. Les implications pour la formation professionnelle des accompagnateurs sont évoquées en conclusion.
Exploring indigenous knowledge on medicinal plants used to treat COVID-19 related symptoms
Authors: Rankoana Sejabaledi A. 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to describe the indigenous plant-derived medicine used to treat symptoms related to four of the most common symptoms of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data presented in this study form part of a medical ethnobotanical study conducted in Limpopo Province, South Africa between 2012 and 2019. The study recorded 89 plant species identified as sources of medicine. Of these plants, 13 species belonging to 9 botanical families were used as sources of medicine to cure influenza, cough, sore throat and fever, while 5 species belonging to 5 botanical families were sources of preventive medicine. The treatment of the four symptoms is accomplished through the administration of oral decoctions, steaming and infusions, while preventive medicine is in the form of infusion, decoction, chew or charm, which is used to prevent susceptibility to infectious diseases such as influenza and cough. Knowledge of these medicines rests with ordinary community members who offer treatment after observations of the symptoms on their family members. The indigenous plant-derived medicines identified in this study may be tested for their safety and efficacy to discover new local, affordable and culture-specific drugs that could be used in the modern phytotherapy for conditions such as COVID-19.
Dreaming of The Peaceful Ways: An Evaluation of The Indonesian Deradicalisation Program
Authors: Taskarina Leebarty , Nuri Widiastuti Veronika 
Published: November 2021

The Indonesian deradicalization program conducted by Indonesian National Counterterrorism Agency (BNPT) comes under public scrutiny due the number of terrorist recidivism with a total of 47 individuals during 2018 until 2020. This indicates that the ongoing deradicalization program has not been successful and effective and it requires a massive change across all levels. This article aims to analyse the Indonesian deradicalization programs which has been adopting the peacemaking criminology approach and how it is implemented. Employing a qualitative study through desk research and informal interviews as the data collection techniques, this article examines various problems and challenges that are hampering the peacemaking-based deradicalization programs in Indonesia, including the problem of database on the ex-convicts, methods of approach and assessment, reliance on the top-down approach conducted by government institutions, pandemic challenges, and inconsistencies with the legal or judicial aspects. Adapting to the social change approach by including the involvement of the non-government stakeholders is important for deradicalization program to work. This article recommends that the evaluation of deradicalization policies in Indonesia should consider the re-focusing of deradicalization goals by aiming at behavioural changes rather than mindset and ideological changes, incorporating gender aspects in deradicalization programs, research-based programs formulation based on intersecting multidiscipline research fields and the possibility for the deradicalization as well as disengagement privatization programs to increase the effectiveness and reduce inefficiency.
Comparison of the Effect of Hot and Thermo-Neutral Environments on Fat Oxidation during Post-Exercise Recovery in Exercise-Trained Obese Women: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Kaewpaluk Parimon , Kulaputana Onanong , Sanguanrungsirikul Sompol 
Published: November 2021

Exercise training is recommended to promote energy expenditure. Fat utilization occurs during exercise and continues for an extended period of time after the exercise session. The environmental temperatures can influence whole body substrate oxidation. The present study aimed to address the impacts of environmental temperature on fat oxidation during post-exercise recovery in exercise-trained obese women. Eleven sedentary obese women (age: 18 - 50 y, BMI: 27.5 - 40 kg/m2) with regular menstruation participated in the study. All subjects underwent a 4-week moderate-intensity aerobic exercise program. After training, each subject completed 2 occasions of post-exercise recovery testing in hot (31 - 32 °C) and thermo-neutral (22 - 23 °C) conditions in a randomized crossover fashion with 3 - 4 days of washout period. Two exercise bouts preceding each recovery condition were identically performed for 60 min at 60 % of heart rate reserve (HRreserve) in the thermo-neutral condition. Both experiments were conducted during the follicular phase of menstrual cycle. Substrate oxidations were determined during 1 h of post-exercise recovery using indirect calorimetry. The results showed that the fat oxidation during recovery in thermo-neutral environment (52.8 ± 26.5 mg.kg-1.h-1) was significantly greater than recovery in hot environment (32.3 ± 27.9 mg.kg-1.h-1, p = 0.0002). Total energy from substrate oxidation was not different between hot and thermo-neutral environments. Thus, in obese women with 4-week exercise training, recovery in the thermo-neutral condition has a higher fat oxidation than in the hot condition. This result may be implicated in weight management for temperature of choice to recover after routine exercise training sessions.
HIGHLIGHTS

Fat oxidation was greater during recovery in thermo-neutral environment after moderate-intensity exercise in trained obese women
Recovery carbohydrate oxidation was greater in hot environment than in thermo-neutral environment after moderate-intensity exercise
Energy expenditure from substrate oxidations during recovery in both thermo-neutral and hot environments were similar

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
From Underrepresentation to “Dual Heritage” and Beyond: Contemporary African American Monument-Building
Authors: Ochiai Akiko 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The years following the Civil Rights Movement witnessed the erection of African American monuments in traditionally white-dominated public spaces, especially in the South. While this terrestrial integration acknowledges the historic centrality of race, their juxtaposition with former Confederate monuments ironically created a parallel “dual heritage.” Around the turn of the twenty-first century, newer types of counter-monuments contest prior memorialization and proffer a more nuanced history. Since the 2015 Charleston church shooting, calls for removal of old Confederate monuments have been dynamized by the Black Lives Matter movement, particularly following the murder of George Floyd. Using a framework contrasting dialogic with anti-monumental monuments, this essay analyzes the past half-century of African American monument construction to reconsider desegregation of the memorial landscape. In doing so, it further explores new ways of anti-monumental commemoration in the post-Floyd era.
On Natural Oscillations of a Thin Elastic Wavy Shell of an Open Profile
Authors: Eryomin Victor Dmitriy 
Published: November 2021

The article touches upon the problem of natural oscillations of a thin elastic wavy shell of an open profile. The proposed method for determining the numerical values of the lowest frequencies and the corresponding forms of natural oscillations of shells of a complicated shape is based on the Rayleigh-Ritz energy method.
The results of numerical calculation of this thin wavy shell with a hinge-fixed attachment along the lower contour along the generatrix are presented.
Instrumen Suplemen Konversi (ISK) Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Oci Markus 
Published: November 2021

Implementation of tertiary accreditation is the assessment and recognition of the quality and performance of an institution. The Conversion Supplement Instrument (ISK) is an additional accreditation instrument used for decision making on the conversion of an accredited ranking obtained by the Standard 7 College Accreditation Instrument to a new accreditation rating in accordance with the Higher Education Accreditation 3.0 instrument. This research uses a qualitative method (Qualitatitive Research), with a literature study approach. What is meant by library research (Library Research) the author seeks information that is relevant to the subject matter. Higher Education Conversion Supplement (ISK) instruments consist of: front page, university identity, team identity preparation of ranking conversion report, preface, format of conversion supplement instrument (permanent lecturer, temporary lecturer, higher education quality assurance system, cycle internal quality assurance system, exceeding SN-PT, quality assurance mechanisms leading to Outcome Based Accreditation for accreditation of study programs and scientific publications.

===
Pelaksanaan akreditasi perguruan tinggi adalah penilaian dan pengakuan tentang kualitas dan kinerja suatu institusi. Instrumen Suplemen Konversi (ISK) adalah instrumen akreditasi tambahan yang digunakan untuk pengambilan keputusan konversi peringkat terakreditasi yang diperoleh dengan Instrumen Akreditasi Perguruan Tinggi 7 Standar menjadi peringkat akreditasi baru sesuai dengan instrumen Akreditasi Perguruan Tinggi 3.0. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif (Qualitatitive Research), dengan pendekatan studi pustaka. Yang dimaksudkan dengan studi pustaka (Library Research) penulis mencari informasi yang relevan dengan pokok pembahasan. Instrumen Suplemen Konversi (ISK) perguruan tinggi terdiri dari: halaman depan, identitas perguruan tinggi, identitas tim penyusunan laporan konversi peringkat, kata pengantar, format intrumen suplemen konversi (dosen tetap, dosen tidak tetap, sistem penjaminan mutu perguruan tinggi, siklus sistem penjamian mutu internal, pelampauan SN-PT, mekanisme penjaminan mutu menuju Outcome Based Accreditation akreditasi program studi dan publikasi ilmiah.
Penerapan penggunaan media pembelajaran video interaktif untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar di Sekolah Yabes School Medan
Authors: Saragih Marice , Hartati Risma , Sidabutar Ropinus , Wati Sembiring Rini 
Published: November 2021

Video Interaktif adalah metode penceritaan berbasis audio visual yang akan mengajak penonton sebagai pengguna, pemilik dan partisipan aktif terhadap media yang dikemas secara sinematik. Tujuan dari Pengabdian Masyarakat ini adalah untuk memicu dan merangsang belajar siswa sehingga termotivasi dalam mengikuti pelajaran bahasa Inggris dan tentunya juga meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam berbahasa Inggris. Melalui kegiatan ini juga dapat menjadi masukan bagi guru bahasa Inggris di SD Yabes School dalam mengajarkan Bahasa Inggris. Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat ini dibagi menjadi lima bagian yaitu kegiatan pre-test, exsplorasi, elaborasi, konfirmasi dan post-test. Pada tahap pre-test para peserta mengerjakan soal yang diberikan tanpa menggunakan video interaktif, pada tahap explorasi nara sumber melakukan brainstorming kepada peserta yang berhubungan dengan video interaktif, setelah melakukan brainstorming narasumber melakukan kegiatan elaborasi, yaitu penjelasan materi tentang penggunaan video interaktif dan menerapkan video interaktif dalam belajar bahasa Inggris, pada tahap konfirmasi peserta diarahkan untuk membentuk kelompok dan mempersentasikan hasil diskusi di depan kelompok lainnya. Pada tahap post-test peserta mengerjakan soal yang berkaitan dengan materi pelatihan dengan hasil terdapat peningkatan nilai post-test meningkat menjadi 76,60 atau 59,26 % dimana hasil rata-rata pre-test 45.40 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan video interaktif sangat signifikan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan bahasa Inggris siswa SD kls V Yabes School
Upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar bahasa inggris melalui model pembelajaran e-learning di SD Yabes School
Authors: Gery sixson Buce , Purba Megaria , Saragih Marice 
Published: November 2021

Pembelajaran daring pada Era New Normal diharapkan untuk meningkakan kuantitas dan kualitas sumber daya manusia yang mempunyai potensi intelegensi untuk menghadapi abad ke-21. Sehingga pembelajaran dengan menggunakan e-learning sangat efektif dilakukan untuk pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran. Tujuan dari pada penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan peningkatan hasil belajar bahasa Inggris Siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran E-Learning. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif, yang mana dalam melihat hasil penelitian ini dibagi dalam dua kelas, satu kelas adalah untuk kontrol group dan satu kelas untuk experimental kelas masing-masing kelas di adakan pre-test dan post test.
Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan siswa sangat bersemangat dan antusias untuk mengikuti pembelajaran dengan menggunakan E-learning, seluruh siswa aktif dalam pembelajaran dan aktif mengerjakan latihan yang telah diberikan oleh dosen. Dengan adanya penerapan model pembelajaran E-Leraning tersebut siswa dapat lebih aktif belajar dan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Di kelas experimental nilai yang terendah di dalam pre-test adalah 35 dan yang tertinggi adalah 71, sementara nilai yang terendah di dalam post-test adalah 63 dan nilai yang tertinggi adalah 88. Nilai rata-rata dari pre-test adalah (53,40) dan post test ( 76.00). jadi deviasi adalah 22,6. Dari tabel 2 diatas dapat di lihat bahwa dalam kelas kontrol , skore yang terrendah dalam pre-test adalah 34 dan skor yang tertinggi adalah 72. Sementara peningkatan rata-rata nilai dari pre test (48,66) to post-test (55.33). Dari hasil diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada peningkatan hasil belajar bahasa Inggris siswa ketika diterapkan model pembelajarn E-Learning.
Embracing Ambiguity: The intersection of biology, music, and art in secondary school teaching for student creativity
Authors: Ausman Tasha , Mandel Travis 
Published: November 2021

In these conversational field notes, two teachers reveal their experiences with creativity in contexts where students are encouraged to dwell in spaces of ambiguity and vulnerability in learning. Using anatomy to inform music pedagogy empowers students to work through metaphor-rich instruction in order to develop a grounded approach to artistic interpretation, while using fine art in the science classroom allows students of anatomy to explore the artistic possibilities of imagination in relation to the human body. In both cases, the crisscrossing of pedagogical lines from biology into music and music into art helped to transform students’ relationships with ambiguity from being negative and closed-off, to positive and constructive.
To Study the Association of Total Serum Calcium Level in Assessing the Severity of Pancreatitis
Authors: Kumar V. Lingesh , Sundaram Saravanan 
Published: November 2021

Background: Pancreatitis is an inflammatory condition that affects the pancreas and may also affect other tissues or distant organ. In this study our aim is to see if blood calcium level can be used as a prognostic marker in determining the severity of acute pancreatitis because hypocalcaemia is linked to higher mortality and hospitalization.
Method: A retrospective study was conducted in the medical records department of a tertiary care health facility. A total of 75 participants were included in the research. .demographic details of all patients were collected .Patients above 18 years who presented with of epigastric pain, pre-Diagnosed gallstones, alcoholism were included int this study. The lowest total calcium levels were collected in order to examine total calcium as a predictive factor for severity. All of these information were collected and analyzed to get the appropriate findings.
Results: A total of 75 patients were included in the research. The age of patients in each severity grade did not differ significantly (p value>0.05). The gender distribution of the two groups did not differ. (P >0.05). For mild and severe acute pancreatitis, mean total calcium levels were 7.98 and 6.67, respectively, which was statistically significant (p< 0.05).
Conclusion: The total serum calcium level is a useful indicator for assessing pancreatitis.
Evaluation of Anti Inflammatory and Cytotoxic Effect of Copper Nanoparticles Synthesised Using Seed Extract of Mucuna pruriens
Authors: Anushya P. , Geetha R. V. , Kumar S. Rajesh 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Nanotechnology is a rapidly developing interdisciplinary area that has brought enormous changes in dentistry. Copper nanoparticle made from plant extract would be an environmental friendly, convenient and dependable way for providing therapeutic agents that are safe, free of side effects and useful for a wide range of diseases. Mucuna pruriens seed extract was selected for our study, due to its due to its anti- bacterial, anti-diabetic, anti- Parkinson, anti-cholesterol and anti- oxidant properties.
Aim: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of Mucuna pruriens, the green synthesis, characterization of CuNPs, and screening of their cytotoxic activity.
Materials and methods: The collection and preparation of Mucuna pruriens extract was done and stored for further use. Synthesis of Cu nanoparticles was done with 30 milli molar of copper (II) sulfate. Centrifugation was done and characterisation of Copper nanoparticles using ultraviolet (UV)-visual spectrophotometer. Cytotoxic effect and anti-inflammatory activity of copper nanoparticles with Mucuna pruriens seed extract were assessed using Brine Shrimp Assay at 5µL, 10µL, 20µL, 40µL and 80 µL and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) at 5 µL, 10 µL, 20 µL, 30 µL, 50 µL.
Results: The anti inflammatory activity of Copper Nanoparticles with Mucuna pruriens, increased with increase in concentrations. Percentage of inhibition was 17% at 10 µL concentration, 24% at 20 µL, 43% at 30 µL and 54% at 40 µL and highest at 50 µL (71%). Cytotoxicity of Copper Nanoparticles with Mucuna pruriens, at 5 µL concentration there was a death of 10% of nauplii, at 10 µL there was a death of 20% of nauplii, at 20 µL and 40 µL there was a death of 30% of nauplii and at 80 µL there was a death of 40% of nauplii. As the concentration increased, the cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles increased.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the current study, it is concluded that Mucuna pruriens mediated Cu Nps can be used as a potential source of anti inflammatory agent and also as an anti cancer drug for the treatment of tumours and cancers.