bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Blood Lead Levels in Children in Shenyang, China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Cheng Xiao-Jun , Li Guang-Bo , Zhang Shuang-Shuang , Liu Ying , Dong Yi-Chen , Li Xue-Ning 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Although blood lead levels in children are gradually decreasing, low-concentration lead exposure can still exert adverse effects. We studied the factors that affect blood lead levels in children in Shenyang, China.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study by administering structured questionnaires on family demographics and food intake. The concentrations of lead in venous blood were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.Results: A total of 273 children aged 1–6 years were enrolled. The geometric mean (geometric standard deviation) of blood lead levels was 24.94 (12.7) μg/L in boys and 23.75 (11.34) μg/L in girls. The prevalence of blood lead levels of ≥50 μg/L was 5.13% and was mainly observed in children aged under 3 years. Frequent hand washing was protective against blood lead levels ≥20 μg/L (adjusted odds ratio: 0.428, 95% confidence interval: 0.238–0.768). Consumption of puffed grains and eggs had an adjusted odds ratio for blood lead levels ≥20 μg/L of 1.714 (1.012–2.901) and 1.787 (1.000–3.192), respectively.Conclusions: In comparison with values recorded 20 years ago, blood lead levels in young children are gradually decreasing in Shenyang. Consumption of puffed grains and eggs is a source of lead. Frequent hand washing may be protective against high blood lead levels.
Oral and Intranasal Immunization with Recombinant Food-Grade Lactococcus Lactis Expressing High Conserved Region of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Triggers Immunity Responses in Mice
Authors: Yurina Valentina , Adianingsih Oktavia Rahayu , Widodo Nashi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic began at the end of 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has spread throughout the world until mid-2021. Thus far, no specific therapy has been found for the coronavirus family. Vaccination still becomes the most effective prevention of pathogenic infections, including viral infections. However, little data show that this vaccination can protect against SARS-CoV-2 virus for a long time. Thus, revaccination needs to be regularly carried out to prevent the occurrence of COVID-19. Vaccination by injection is invasive, and it becomes one of the reasons people refuse to get revaccinated. Therefore, we developed a less invasive vaccine based on oral or nasal administration. The gene encoding the high conserved region (HCR) spike protein was inserted into pNZ8149 and expressed in L. lactis NZ3900. Results: The results of nasal and oral administration in experimental animals showed that L. lactis carrying the HCR gene could induce a humoral immune response, as indicated by an increasing IgG and IgA against SARS-CoV-2 (IgG/IgA-SARS-CoV-2) levels and the lymph cell population after nasal and oral vaccination in mice (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study shows promising results that can be developed into a less invasive alternative to nasal and oral vaccination.
Issues related to velocity structure estimation in small coastal sedimentary plains - Case of Tottori plain facing the Sea of Japan
Authors: Kagawa Takao , Noguchi Tatsuya 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Issues of predominant period of ground motion and derived underground velocity structure model were investigated in the coastal plains affected by the soft sedimentary layer after the last ice age. Specifically, it is found that two predominant periods due to the shallow soft sediments and deep sedimentary layers over the seismic bedrock created by the tectonic movement after the quaternary period are close in a small plain such as the Tottori Plain, Japan as an example. It was shown by the analysis of underground velocity structure derived from H/V spectrum ratio of earthquake ground motions with the diffuse wave field theory. It is feared that the interaction of close predominant periods due to the different layer boundaries with high contrast may amplify the seismic motion in the period range that affects building structures in the small plains in coastal area.
SARS-COV-2 Neutralizing Activity in Serum Collected from Recovered and Vaccinated Health Care Workers
Authors: MOUNA Lina , Razazian Mehdi , Duquesne Sandra , Roque-Afonso Roque-Afonso , Vauloup-Fellous Christelle 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Vaccination against the ongoing COVID-19 is the key point in fight against the pandemic. The Spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 is the major target of the neutralizing humoral response. We evaluated analytical and clinical performances of a surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) (iFlash-2019-nCoV Nab assay, Ylho, China) compared to the conventional neutralization tests (cVNT) and anti-S eCLIA assays (Roche Diagnostics, Switzerland) in recovered and/or vaccinated health care workers. Our results indicate that sVNT displayed high specificity and no cross reactivity. Both Roche and iFlash immunoassays were good in identifying cVNT serum dilution > 1:16. Optimal thresholds in identifying cVNT titers ≥ 1:16, were 74.5 U/ml and 49.4 IU/ml for anti-S eCLIA and sVNT, respectively. Our data show that Nab neutralizing antibodies titers depend on individuals and may abate over time. Specific assays such as sVNT may be a reliable complementary tool to routine anti-S serology assays.
Prospective Study of Clinical and Functional Outcome of Total Knee Replacement in Osteoarthritic Knee.
Authors: Kandel Manoj , Thapa Shrawan , Banjade Deepak , Adhikari Bishwa , Adhikari Sushan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is presently a dependable treatment modality for osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical and functional outcome of total knee arthroplasty using knee society score, WOMAC Score, Oxford knee score and SF-36 Questionnaire and to correlate between functional score and clinical score.Methods: 42 cases of knee osteoarthritis who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty at a tertiary care centre at Bharatpur over a period of two years were surveyed clinically and functionally using various knee scoring systems. Results: There was significant increase in SF -36 SCORE, walking, stair climbing capacity and quality of life during follow up at 3, 6 and 12 months interval. Significant improvement was noted in the mean preoperative Oxford clinical score (OCS) of 19.86 ±2.49 versus postoperative score of 42.38±1.58 at the end of 6 month. Similarly the mean preoperative knee functional score (KFS) was 55.86±2.25 which increased to a postoperative score of 77.00±1.67 at the end of 6 month. Likewise the mean pre-operative WOMAC Score improved from 93.50±3.13 to a post-operative score of 49.50±2.82. Statistical significant association was observed between knee functional score and Oxford clinical score at every follow up visit.Conclusions: For the better improvement in the functional ability of the patient total knee arthroplasty is the only reliable treatment method that can return back the patient to pre-disease state. TKR is a solid method for an OA knee patient to have a pain free stable mobile joint, as evident by the improvement in the post-op knee clinical score and knee functional score.
MicroRNA-200c-3p Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma by Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
Authors: Li Yanmin , Xu Hui , Wen Qianghai , Yan Xiaoqi , xu Gang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: MicroRNA(miR)-200c-3p is a tumor suppressor that helps inhibit the progression of various types of cancer. However, its role in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KRIC) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the biological function and regulatory mechanism of miR-200c-3p in the development of KRIC.Methods: The relative levels of miR-200c-3p and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in KIRC tissues and cells were determined using the qRT-PCR technique. Transwell and wound healing assay methods were used to understand the effect of miR-200c-3p on the migration and invasion of 786-O and Caki-1 cells. The ability of miR-200c-3p to target VEGFA was determined using the Dual-Luciferase reporter assay system Results: MiR-200c-3p was downregulated in KIRC tissues and cell lines. The overexpression of miR-200c-3p attenuated the migratory capacities of 786-O and Caki-1 cells. The migratory ability increased under conditions of miR-200c-3p knockdown. Analysis of the results obtained using the wound healing assay revealed that overexpression of miR-200c-3p reduced the migratory abilities of Caki-1 and 786-O cells, and inhibition of miR-200c-3p accelerated the process of wound closure. Analysis of the results obtained from screening tests and by conducting the Dual-Luciferase reporter assay revealed that VEGFA was the direct target of miR-200c-3p. The VEGFA mRNA level was low in the 786-O and Caki-1 cells under conditions of overexpressed miR-200c-3p. High levels of VEGFA mRNA were observed in the cells post miR-200c-3p knockdon.Conclusions: The tumor suppression ability of miR-200c-3p in KIRC can be achieved by regulating the expression of VEGFA.
Challenge of Gastro-Intestinal Stromal Tumor Management in Low-Income Countries : Example of Benin
Authors: GBESSI Dansou Gaspard , GNANGNON Freddy Houéhanou Rodrigue , KPOSSOU Aboudou Raïmi , GBETCHEDJI Prudent Pacifique , Seidou Falilatou , SOUAÏBOU Yacoubou IMOROU , ATTOLOU Setondji Gilles Roger , LAWANI Ismaïl , LALEYE Marie-Christel , GANGBO Flore Armande , DOSSOU Francis Moïse , SEHONOU Jean , MEHINTO Delphin Kuassi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: GISTs are rare tumors but the most frequent mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract. Diagnosis and treatment are challenging in low-income countries due to relatively poor access to immunohistochemistry and targeted therapy. In Africa there are few studies about it. This study described the diagnosis and therapeutic management of GIST in Cotonou, Benin.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection over a 10-year period from 2010 to 2020, focused on patients with histological confirmed gastro-intestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Data analysis was performed with Epidata Analysis software version 3.0.0.1.Results: Fifteen GISTs were identified during the study period. The median age was 52 and the sex ratio was 2. The most frequent symptom was abdominal pain (n = 12). Delay in care seeking after onset of symptoms ranged from 24 hours to 15 years. The most common site for GISTs was the stomach (n = 8). The median tumor size was 11 cm and the majority (n=10) was metastatic or locally advanced at the time of diagnosis. The tumors were often spindle-shaped at histology (n = 13) and the majority expressed KIT (n = 14). Most of the tumors (n = 12) were at high risk of recurrence according to the Joensuu scoring system. The availability of imatinib have improved the outcome of GIST with response in all cases it was used in neoadjuvant setting (n = 7).Conclusion: GISTs are rare tumors and preferentially affect the stomach in Cotonou. Most of the tumors were large, unresectable at the time of diagnosis and at high risk of recurrence. Access to imatinib has revolutionized the management of those tumors in our country.
Ponderomotive Forces in the System of Two Nanoparticles
Authors: Lozovski Valeri Z. , Lysenko Volodymyr S. , Rusinchuk Natalia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Mechanical consequences of electromagnetic interaction of two nanoparticles have been studied theoretically. It has been shown that local field enhancement effect, which causes appearance of the local field gradients, can lead to ponderomotive forces acting on the nanoparticles. Distribution of the local field in the system has been calculated and ponderomotive forces directions and values were evaluated. It has been shown that in the system of two different-sized nanoparticles the forces act mainly on the surface of bigger nanoparticle and for some systems its value may acquire up to several tens of nanonewtons. Possible application of the results to study of biological systems has been also discussed.
A Coherent Accumulation Detection Method Based on SA-DPT for Highly Maneuvering Target
Authors: Pang Cunsuo , Guo Hualing , Hou Huiling 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The emergence of highly maneuverable weak targets has led to a serious degradation or even failure of traditional radar detection. In this paper, a coherent accumulation algorithm based on combination of scaling algorithm(SA) and discrete polynomial-phase Transform(DPT) is proposed in terms of the calculation burden and detection performance, which can, firstly, perform fewer times of speed parameter compensation based on SA for the transmitted signal; secondly, use segmented FFT to estimate the time delay range of the target initial distance for the echo signal, and then use the DPT algorithm to complete the parameter estimation such as target speed and acceleration within the estimated time delay unit, while analyzing the effects of the number of segments, compensation speed and delay unit on the detection performance, and giving out the output SNR and the amount of complex multiplication of the proposed algorithm. Finally, the proposed algorithm has been verified by experimental data for its effectiveness in accumulation gain and parameter estimation. This method is for sub-optimal estimation, requiring much less computation than full-parameter search methods, but performs better than non-parametric search methods in detecting weak signals.
Nanofiber/hydrogel Core-shell Scaffolds With Three-dimensional Multilayer Patterned Structure for Accelerating Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Li Jiankai , Zhang Tianshuai , Pan Mingmang , Xue Feng , Lv Fang , Ke Qinfei , Xu He 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Impaired angiogenesis is one of the predominant reasons for non-healing diabetic wounds. Herein, a nanofiber/ hydrogel core-shell scaffold with three-dimensional (3D) multilayer patterned structure (3D-PT-P/GM) was introduced for promoting diabetic wound healing with improved angiogenesis. The results showed that the 3D-PT-P/GM scaffolds possessed multilayered structure with interlayer spacing of about 15-80 μm, and the hexagonal micropatterned structures were uniformly distributed on the surface of each layer. The nanofibers in the scaffold exhibited distinct core-shell structures with Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel as the shell and Poly (D, L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) as the core. The results showed that the porosity, water retention time and water vapor permeability of the 3D-PT-P/GM scaffolds increased to 1.6 times, 21 times, and 1.9 times than that of the two-dimensional (2D) PDLLA nanofibrous scaffolds, respectively. The in vitro studies showed that the 3D-PT-P/GM scaffolds could significantly promote cell adhesion, proliferation, infiltration and migration throughout the scaffolds, and the expression of cellular communication protein-related genes, as well as angiogenesis-related genes in the same group, was remarkably upregulated. The in vivo results further demonstrated that the 3D-PT-P/GM scaffolds could not only effectively absorb exudate and provide a moist environment for the wound sites, but also significantly promote the formation of a 3D network of capillaries. As a result, the healing of diabetic wounds was accelerated with enhanced angiogenesis, granulation tissue formation, and collagen deposition. These results indicate that nanofiber/ hydrogel core-shell scaffolds with 3D multilayer patterned structures could provide a new strategy for facilitating chronic wound healing.
Impact of radiotherapy-induced inflammatory responses on progression-free survival in a tri-racial/ethnic breast cancer population
Authors: Yang George R. , Reis Isildinha M. , Acosta Laura G. , Schindler Emma A. , Takita Cristiane , Wright Jean L. , Lee Eunkyung , Nelson Omar L. , Meshman Jessica , Hu Jennifer J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Inflammatory biomarker C-reactive protein (CRP) is associated with breast cancer risk and survival. We examined whether CRP levels before radiotherapy (pre-RT), after RT (post-RT), and RT-induced change impact breast cancer progression-free survival (PFS).
Methods

Plasma high-sensitivity CRP was measured, and patients were followed for up to 13 years after RT. PFS was calculated from the date of diagnosis to the date of disease progression or the last date of follow-up. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the associations between CRP and PFS adjusted for other patient/clinical variables.
Results

In 469 patients (64 non-Hispanic Whites, 303 Hispanic Whites, and 102 African Americans), post-RT CRP levels were significantly higher in patients with progression compared to progression-free patients (mean±SD: 12.2±15.4 mg/L vs. 7.3±11.5, p=0.011). In univariable analyses, worse PFS was significantly associated with post-RT CRP ≥5.1 mg/L (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.67; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.65-4.30) and CRP change ≥2.3 mg/L (HR: 3.55; 95% CI: 2.25-5.64). In multivariable models, post-RT CRP ≥5.1 mg/L was associated with worse PFS in all (HR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.29-3.42) or patients with tumor stage III (HR: 2.93, 95% CI: 1.20-7.18). CRP change ≥2.3 mg/L was associated with worse PFS in all (HR: 2.38; 95% CI: 1.45-3.92) or patients with tumor stage III (HR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.09-5.33).
Conclusions

Our data suggest that an RT-induced hyper-inflammatory response may contribute to worse breast cancer PFS. Future larger studies are warranted to validate our findings and guide follow-up surveillance and targeted interventions.
A New Early Cretaceous lizard in Myanmar Amber with Exceptionally Preserved Integument
Authors: Čerňanský Andrej , Stanley Edward L. , Daza Juan D. , Bolet Arnau , Arias J. Salvador , Bauer Aaron M. , Vidal-García Marta , Bevitt Joseph J. , Peretti Adolf M. , Aung Nyi Nyi , Evans Susan E. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We here report on a well-preserved juvenile lizard specimen in Albian amber (ca. 110 mya) from the Hkamti site in Myanmar. This new taxon, Retinosaurus hkamtiensis gen. et sp. nov., is represented by an articulated skull and the anterior portion of the trunk, including the pectoral girdle and forelimbs. The ocular skeleton (scleral ossicles) and eyelid are also visible, and the specimen exhibits pristine detail of the integument (of both head and body). In a combined molecular and morphological analysis, Retinosaurus was consistently recovered as a scincoid lizard (i.e. Scinciformata), as the sister taxon to the Mexican Cretaceous genus Tepexisaurus + Xantusiidae. However, the phylogenetic position of Retinosaurus should be interpreted with caution. We cannot not rule out the possibility that Retinosaurus represents a separate lineage of uncertain phylogenetic position, as it is the case for many Jurassic and Cretaceous taxa. Nonetheless, this fossil offers a rare opportunity to glimpse the external appearance of one group of lizards during the Early Cretaceous.
Surgical Treatment for Olfactory Groove Meningiomas: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature
Authors: Wang Wei , Chen Cong , Chen Siqi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background Surgical resection of olfactory groove meningiomas (OGMs) is challenging and lots of surgical approaches can be chosen. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the studies investigating surgical resection of OGMs to better understand the surgical treatment of OGMs.Methods PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library were used to search the studies reporting treatment outcomes of surgery for patients with OGMs. The final eligible studies were assessed using the Oxford Center for Evidence Based Medicine for level of evidence. Relevant parameters were extracted to perform descriptive and/or quantitative analyses.Results A total of 42 studies including 1673 patients were included in this systematic review (8 level 3 studies and 34 level 4 studies). Surgeries through transcranial approaches (TCAs) and endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) were done on 1596 and 77 patients, respectively. Based on a random effects model, rates of gross total resection (GTR) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak were determined to be 92.4% (CI: 88.6-95.5%) and 5.9% (95% CI: 3.4-9%), respectively. The mortality following surgery was 1.6% (95% CI: 0.9-2.5%) under a fixed effects model. Through subgroup analyses, TCAs were found to be more favorable in GTR and CSF leakage compared to EEA. Besides, anterolateral TCA was associated with better control of CSF leakage than anterior TCA. Conclusion Surgical treatment is capable of achieving GTR in the vast majority of patients with OGMs and postoperative mortality is under well control. Transcranial approach allows a better chance of GTR and better control of CSF leak in comparison to EEA. In comparison to anterior TCA, anterolateral TCA is associated less mortality. However, low evidence level and significant heterogeneity of the included studies prevent the formation of more solid conclusions.
Substrate Effect on Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Two-Dimensional Mo2C Monolayers
Authors: Lee Sujin , Min Byungjoon , Bang Junhyeok 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The physical and chemical properties of atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials can be modified by the substrates. In this study, the substrate effect on the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 2D Mo2C monolayers was investigated using first principles calculations. The isolated Mo2C monolayer shows large variation in HER activity depending on hydrogen coverage: it has relatively low activity at low hydrogen coverage but high activity at high hydrogen coverage. Ag, Au, Cu, and graphene were used as substrates to study the substrate effect. While the effects of the Au and graphene substrates on the HER activity are insignificant, Ag and Cu substrates improve the HRE activity, especially at low hydrogen coverage, by modifying the valence electrons in the Mo2C layer; therefore, the HER activity of the Mo2C monolayer becomes high for any hydrogen coverage. Our results suggest that, in two-dimensional electrocatalysis, the substrate has a degree of freedom to tune the catalytic activity.
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Involving Both Liver and Lung: A Case Report
Authors: Lai Jianlin , Huang Yangyang , Wu Junyi , Cheng Hui , Qiu Funan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare autosomal dominant tumor syndrome with a high degree of heterogeneity in clinical phenotypes, generally involving parathyroid, anterior pituitary and enteropancreas. In recent years, several new insights on the clinical features of MEN1 have been reported in the literature. However, it is not clear whether MEN1-associated primary tumors may occur in the liver. Case presentation: we report the case of a 52-year-old man with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 diagnosed by next-generation sequencing. After Single-hole thoracoscopic right middle lobectomy, Laparoscopic radical resection of liver tumor and Radiofrequency ablation of parathyroid space, the parathyroid hormone decreased from 177pg/ml to normal(20pg/ml). No local tumor recurrence was observed during a follow up of 5 months. Conclusion: We report the first case of MEN1 with simultaneous liver and lung involvement who underwent radical resection of the tumors, and we propose the possibility that liver and other non-endocrine organs may also develop diseases associated with MEN1，though this view needs further verification. Gene detection has crucial clinical instructive significance for diagnosis and treatment.