bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thiazole‐Linked Covalent Organic Framework Promoting Fast Two‐Electron Transfer for Lithium‐Organic Batteries
Authors: Singh Vikram , Kim Jaewook , Kang Bora , Moon Joonhee , Kim Sujung , Kim Woo Youn , Byon Hye Ryung 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been considered a potentially versatile electrode structure if they are made highly conductive and flexible to stabilize the redox functionality. Although conceptually plausible, COF‐based electrodes have rarely satisfied high capacity, cyclability, and rate capability thus far. Incorporating thiazole moieties into the organic scaffold, it is able to fabricate π‐conjugated and crystalline organic electrodes and demonstrate the fast two‐electron transfer in one step using azo functionality. The thiazole‐linked COF electrode performed over 5000 cycles at 10 C and a high power density of ≈2800 W kg−1 is achieved thanks to excellent chemical stability and high out‐of‐plane electrical conductivity. For comparison, COFs carrying β‐ketoenamine and imine linkers underperform due to the lack of structural stability. In this study, it is demonstrated that the design of linkages in the COFs is key to stabilize the redox reaction and show the basic principles of building COF electrodes for high‐performance lithium‐organic batteries.
A Bimetallic Metal–Organic Framework Encapsulated with DNAzyme for Intracellular Drug Synthesis and Self‐Sufficient Gene Therapy
Authors: Wang Zhao , Niu Jingsheng , Zhao Chuanqi , Wang Xiaohui , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlthough chemotherapy is one of the most widely used cancer treatments, there are serious side effects, drug resistance, and secondary metastasis. To address these problems, herein we designed a bimetallic metal–organic framework (MOF) encapsulated with DNAzyme for co‐triggered in situ cancer drug synthesis and DNAzyme‐based gene therapy. Once in cancer cells, MOFs would disassemble and liberate copper ions, zinc ions, and DNAzyme under the acidic environment of lysosomes. Copper ions can catalyze the synthesis of the chemotherapeutic drug through copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction after being reduced to CuI; zinc ions act as the cofactor to activate the cleavage activity of DNAzyme. The anticancer drug is synthesized intracellularly and can kill cancer cells on site to minimize side effects to normal organisms. The activated DNAzyme starts gene therapy to inhibit tumor proliferation and metastasis by targeting and cleaving oncogene substrates.
Redefining the Mechanistic Scenario of Carbon−Sulfur Nucleophilic Coupling via High‐Valent Cp*CoIV Species
Authors: López‐Resano Sara , Martínez de Salinas Sara , Garcés‐Pineda Felipe A. , Moneo‐Corcuera Andrea , Galán‐Mascarós José Ramón , Maseras Feliu , Pérez‐Temprano Mónica H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe potential access to CoIV species for promoting transformations that are particularly challenging at CoIII still remains underexploited in the context of Cp*Co‐catalyzed C−H functionalization reactions. Herein, we disclose a combined experimental and computational strategy for uncovering the participation of Cp*CoIV species in a Cp*Co‐mediated C−S bond‐reductive elimination. These studies support the intermediacy of high‐valent Cp*Co species in C−H functionalization reactions, under oxidative conditions, when involving nucleophilic coupling partners.
Investigation on impact performance and dimensional stability of polypropylene composites in cryogenic environment
Authors: Nie Hui‐Jie , Zhang Yuan‐Jie , Yang Ya‐Ru , Guan Ji‐Peng , Li Hai‐Dong , Lin Ben‐Cai , Shen Xiao‐Jun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn order to expand the application of polypropylene (PP) composites in cryogenic environment, short carbon fiber (SCF) was used as the reinforcing phase and the surface of it was modified by graphene oxide (GO), and the maleic anhydride grafted PP (MAPP) was also used to enhance the interface compatibility between the fiber and the matrix. The effects of the GO‐modified SCF and the MAPP on the impact properties and dimensional stability of PP composites at cryogenic temperature (CT) (− 196°C) were investigated by systematic analysis of the interfacial properties and microstructure of the composites. The results show that the impact strength of the PP composites was effectively increased by 106.7% (CT) and 170.7% (room temperature), respectively, compared to pure PP. In addition, the transverse and longitudinal shrinkage of PP composites can be reduced to only 0.15% and 0.1%, respectively. The cryogenic impact strength and dimensional stability of PP composites has been greatly improved, which makes PP composites in the application under cryogenic environment is more promising.
A systematic review of the matrix training literature
Authors: Kemmerer Ashley R. , Vladescu Jason C. , Carrow Jacqueline N. , Sidener Tina M. , Deshais Meghan A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe rapid acquisition and generality of skills are important considerations when developing teaching techniques in various educational settings. Acquiring skills without direct teaching reduces instructional time, improves efficiency, and saves money. These desirable outcomes can be achieved through generative instruction such as matrix training. Numerous studies have evaluated the effectiveness of the matrix training strategy, but there are several procedural variations in developing a matrix training procedure. The current literature requires a comprehensive review to determine what strategies are effective when arranging a matrix training procedure and directions for future research. The purpose of this literature review was to identify all of the studies that have used a matrix training approach to teach a skill. A total of 35 articles (containing 40 experiments) were identified and included in this review. The articles were coded according to several parameters including participant characteristics, dependent and independent variables, outcomes, maintenance, and social validity. The results of this review indicate the variation in implementation strategies employed during matrix training. Limitations of the current literature as well as directions for future research are discussed.
Berberine ameliorates neuronal AD‐like change via activating Pi3k/PGCε pathway
Authors: Wu Ninghua , Liu Wu , Wang Jiawen , Han Yanqi , Ye Yu , Liu Xiufen , Yu Yuandong , Chen Qingjie , Bao Yongfen , Liu Chao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIR (insulin resistance) in diabetic brain gave rise to the generation of toxic factor Aβ42 and axon collapse which were the marker of AD (Alzheimer's disease)‐like lesions in the circumstance of diabetes mellitus. But the underling molecular mechanism was not clear. Chronic HGHI (high glucose and high insulin) exposure accelerates IR has been reported in type II diabetes models. Berberine has been shown to promising effect for IR in vitro and in vivo. This study demonstrates the protective effect and the underlying mechanism of berberine on HGHI‐induced IR. HGHI‐induced cells were used to mimic the hyperinsulinemia resulting in IR. Berberine was used to uncover the mechanisms for the treatment of hyperinsulinemia in IR model. Morris water maze (MWM), PET imaging, CCK8 assay, ELISA assay, glucose kits, microscopy, and western blot analysis were performed to evaluate the protective effects of berberine. Berberine‐improved HGHI‐induced IR was correlated with the increase of glucose application in neurons. Meanwhile, the expressions of Pi3K, as well as GLUT3, PKCε, and APP were downregulated in the model, while p‐IRS Ser307 was upregulated compared with Normal group. Fortunately, these scenes were reversed by berberine administration. Furthermore, berberine decreased GSK3β Y216 expressions, inhibited the production of oligomer Aβ42 and extended neuronal axon. The monomeric berberine treatment improves IR that may be involved in glucose effective application, rectifying the related proteins of the aberrant insulin pathway. Additionally, it suppressed the generation of Aβ42 and ameliorated neuron axon damage. Finally, berberine improves DM (diabetes mellitus)‐induced cognitive impairment.
Lactoyl leucine and isoleucine are bioavailable alternatives for canonical amino acids in cell culture media
Authors: Schmidt Corinna , Wehsling Maria , Le Mignon Maxime , Wille Gregor , Rey Yannick , Schnellbaecher Alisa , Zabezhinsky Dmitry , Fischer Markus , Zimmer Aline 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIncreasing demands for protein‐based therapeutics such as monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, bispecific molecules, and antibody fragments require researchers to constantly find innovative solutions. To increase yields and decrease costs of next generation bioprocesses, highly concentrated cell culture media formulations are developed but often limited by the low solubility of amino acids such as tyrosine, cystine, leucine, and isoleucine, in particular at physiological pH. This study sought to investigate highly soluble and bioavailable derivatives of leucine and isoleucine that are applicable for fed‐batch processes. N‐lactoyl‐leucine and N‐lactoyl‐isoleucine sodium salts were tested in cell culture media and proved to be beneficial to increase the overall solubility of cell culture media formulations. These modified amino acids proved to be bioavailable for various Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and were suitable for replacement of canonical amino acids in cell culture feeds. The quality of the final recombinant protein was studied in bioprocesses using the derivatives, and the mechanism of cleavage was investigated in CHO cells. Altogether, both N‐lactoyl amino acids represent an advantageous alternative to canonical amino acids to develop highly concentrated cell culture media formulations to support next generation bioprocesses.
Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Evaluation and of Toddalia asiatica (Rutaceae) Extracts and Essential Oil by in Vitro and in Silico Approaches.
Authors: Lobine Devina , Pairyanen Bryan , Zengin Gokhan , Yılmaz Mustafa Abdullah , Ouelbani Rayene , Bensari Souheir , Ak Gunes , Abdallah Hassan H. , Imran Muhammad , Mahomoodally Mohamad Fawzi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractToddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. is extensively used in traditional medicinal systems by various cultures. Despite its frequent use in traditional medicine, there is still a paucity of scientific information on T. asiatica growing on the tropical island of Mauritius. Therefore, the present study was designed to appraise the pharmacological and phytochemical profile of extracts (methanol, ethyl acetate and water) and essential oil obtained from aerial parts of T. asiatica. Biological investigation involved the evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potentials. The chemical profile of the EO was determined using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis, while for the extracts, the total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content were quantified as well as their individual phenolic compounds by LC/MS/MS. Quinic acid, fumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, quercitrin and isoquercitrin were the main compounds in the extracts. Highest total phenolic (82.5±0.94 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE/g)) and flavonoid (43.8±0.31 mg rutin equivalent (RE/g)) content were observed for the methanol extract. The GC/MS analysis has shown the presence of 26 compounds with linalool (30.9 %), linalyl acetate (20.9 %) and β‐phellandrene (7.9 %) being most abundant components in the EO. The extracts and EO showed notable antioxidant properties, with the methanol extract proved to be superior source of antioxidant compounds. Noteworthy anti‐acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and anti‐butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) effects were recorded for the tested samples, while only the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts were active against tyrosinase. With respect to antidiabetic effects, the extracts and EO were potent inhibitors of α‐glucosidase, while modest activity was recorded against α‐amylase. Docking results showed that linalyl acetate has the highest affinity to interact with the active site of BChE with docking score of −6.25 kcal/mol. The findings amassed herein act as a stimulus for further investigations of this plant as a potential source of bioactive compounds which can be exploited as phyto‐therapeutics.
Giant splenic abscess caused by Salmonella enterica
Authors: Mulita Francesk , Liolis Elias , Tchabashvili Levan , Seretis Fotios , Iliopoulos Fotios , Drakos Nikolas , Maroulis Ioannis , Vailas Michail 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSplenectomy is the gold standard for treating a splenic abscess, when percutaneous drainage fails or is less likely to be successful.
Investigation of Various Metals on Hydrotalcite‐based Cu/Zn/Al Catalysts in Methanol Steam Reforming
Authors: Lin Jiachen , Hu Chaoquan , Xu Xuebing , Shao Mingyuan , Hu Yufeng , Ma Chuanchuan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe catalytic properties of hydrotalcite‐based Cu/Zn/Al mixed oxides prepared by the incipient co‐precipitation method, in which various metals were doped through impregnation, were comparatively tested in the steam reforming of methanol (SRM). In addition, the catalysts were characterized in detail by a series of follow‐up surface techniques. Moreover, strong interaction and synergism between Ru and Cu species noticeably promoted methanol conversion and improved catalytic performance. Furthermore, an SRM reaction mechanism is proposed that rationalizes the relationship between copper dispersion on the surface and the size of the copper/oxygen interface where formed intermediates rearrange.
Bubble Column CFD Model with Effects of Forced Oscillations on Bubble Dynamics
Authors: Sarhan Abd Alhamid Rafea , Karim M. Rezwanul , Naser Jamal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBubble size distribution has a significant effect on gas holdup, residence time distribution, and mass transfer in bubble column reactors (BCRs). The occurrence of small gas bubbles has potential advantages such as a limited residence time distribution and perfect gas‐liquid phase contact. Gas‐liquid mass transfer in bubble columns can be significantly enhanced by subjecting the liquid phase to low‐frequency vibrations. However, the effect of vibration frequency on bubble formation and hydrodynamic characteristics in BCRs is still not well understood. Herein, a 3D numerical model of a BCR was developed to study the effect of vibration frequency on bubble dynamics under different operating conditions. The Sauter mean bubble diameter was found to be approximately inversely proportional to the vibration frequency.
Ceramic materials for energy conversion and storage: A perspective
Authors: Guillon Olivier 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAdvanced ceramic materials with tailored properties are at the core of established and emerging energy technologies. Applications encompass high‐temperature power generation, energy harvesting, and electrochemical conversion and storage. New opportunities for material design, the importance of processing and material integration, and the need for long‐term testing under realistic conditions are highlighted in the present perspective.
Deactivation Kinetics of ZSM‐5 by Coke in Ethanol‐to‐Hydrocarbons Process
Authors: Seifert Markus , Jonscher Clemens , Haufe Liane A. , Weigand Jan J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractConversion of ethanol to hydrocarbons by porous zeolite ZSM‐5 is a sustainable alternative compared to crude oil, gas or coal conversion. A quantification and description of micro‐ and macroscopic deactivation kinetics with basic transport and reactor models reveals deeper insight into the dynamics of coking and product formation at varying contact time. A new first order deactivation model helps to separate linear deactivation and autocatalytic acceleration of catalyst decay. A deeper look into product formation reveals a change in selectivity during initiation and deactivation phase from bigger build‐up C5+ to smaller cracking products C3 after formation of coke precursors, which does not coincide with site‐loss and reduction of contact time alone. Thereby, deactivation and switching selectivity in the hydrocarbon pool concept become more deterministic, which paves the way to more selective ethanol conversion processes.
Sensing gastric cancer via point‐of‐care sensor breath analyzer
Authors: Leja Marcis , Kortelainen Juha M. , Polaka Inese , Turppa Emmi , Mitrovics Jan , Padilla Marta , Mochalski Pawel , Shuster Gregory , Pohle Roland , Kashanin Dmitry , Klemm Richard , Ikonen Veikko , Mezmale Linda , Broza Yoav Y. , Shani Gidi , Haick Hossam ,   the SniffPhone Project Research Group
Published: March 2021

BackgroundDetection of disease by means of volatile organic compounds from breath samples using sensors is an attractive approach to fast, noninvasive and inexpensive diagnostics. However, these techniques are still limited to applications within the laboratory settings. Here, we report on the development and use of a fast, portable, and IoT–connected point‐of‐care device (so‐called, SniffPhone) to detect and classify gastric cancer to potentially provide new qualitative solutions for cancer screening.MethodsA validation study of patients with gastric cancer, patients with high‐risk precancerous gastric lesions, and controls was conducted with 2 SniffPhone devices. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used as a classifying model of the sensing signals obatined from the examined groups. For the testing step, an additional device was added. The study group included 274 patients: 94 with gastric cancer, 67 who were in the high‐risk group, and 113 controls.ResultsThe results of the test set showed a clear discrimination between patients with gastric cancer and controls using the 2‐device LDA model (area under the curve, 93.8%; sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 87.5%; overall accuracy, 91.1%), and acceptable results were also achieved for patients with high‐risk lesions (the corresponding values for dysplasia were 84.9%, 45.2%, 87.5%, and 65.9%, respectively). The test‐phase analysis showed lower accuracies, though still clinically useful.ConclusionOur results demonstrate that a portable breath sensor device could be useful in point‐of‐care settings. It shows a promise for detection of gastric cancer as well as for other types of disease.Lay Summary

A portable sensor‐based breath analyzer for detection of gastric cancer can be used in point‐of‐care settings.

The results are transferrable between devices via advanced IoT technology.

Both the hardware and software of the reported breath analyzer could be easily modified to enable detection and monitirng of other disease states.
Early radiotherapy preserves vision in sporadic optic pathway glioma
Authors: Hanania Alexander N. , Paulino Arnold C. , Ludmir Ethan B. , Shah Veeral S. , Su Jack M. , McGovern Susan L. , Baxter Patricia A. , McAleer Mary Frances , Grosshans David R. , Okcu M. Fatih , Chintagumpala Murali M. 
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUNDSporadic optic pathway/hypothalamic gliomas represent a unique entity within pediatric low‐grade glioma. Despite favorable survival, location makes treatment difficult and local progression debilitating. This study is a longitudinal assessment of visual acuity (VA) among children treated within the last 2 decades.METHODSClinical characteristics were abstracted for patients treated from 2000 to 2018 at Texas Children's Cancer Center in Houston. Ophthalmologic data taken at 3‐ to 6‐month intervals were examined with age‐appropriate VA metrics converted to the LogMAR (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) scale. Kaplan‐Meier blindness‐free survival (BFS) curves, calculated as time‐to‐bilateral functional blindness (LogMAR ≥0.8 in both eyes), were calculated for patients receiving early radiation therapy (RT; upfront or as first‐line salvage treatment) or chemotherapy (CT) and evaluated using the log‐rank test.RESULTSThirty‐eight patients with a median follow‐up of 8.5 years (range, 2‐17 years) were identified. Median age at diagnosis was 3 years (interquartile range, <1‐6 years). Early RT was administered in 11 patients (29%). Twenty‐seven patients (71%) were treated primarily with CT, initiated at a median age of 3.5 years (range, <1‐11 years). Eight patients in the CT group did eventually require RT secondary to VA loss and following multiple lines of CT. Median age at RT for all patients was 11 years (range, 3‐17 years). BFS rates were 81% at 5 years and 60% at 8 years for CT and 100% at 5 and 8 years for early RT (P = .017).CONCLUSIONSIn a contemporary cohort, early RT, defined as initial or first‐line salvage therapy, was found to have superior BFS for appropriately selected patients with sporadic optic pathway/hypothalamic gliomas.LAY SUMMARY

Children with low‐grade brain tumors of the optic pathway generally have excellent long‐term survival; however, given the location of these tumors, there can commonly be threatened vision if the tumor grows.

Although radiation is generally deferred in children on the basis of legitimate concerns regarding the effects on the developing brain, it may represent a vision‐preserving therapy for well‐selected older patients.
Outcome of T‐cell–replete haploidentical stem cell transplantation improves with time in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A study from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Nagler Arnon , Labopin Myriam , Koc Yener , Angelucci Emanuele , Tischer Johanna , Arat Mutlu , Pioltelli Pietro , Bernasconi Paolo , Chiusolo Patrizia , Diez‐Martin J. L. , Sanz Jamie , Ciceri Fabio , Peric Zinaida , Giebel Sebastian , Canaani Jonathan , Mohty Mohamad 
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUNDThe use of haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (haplo‐HCT) with posttransplantation cyclophosphamide prophylaxis is gaining traction in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).METHODSThe Acute Leukemia Working Party/European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry was used to evaluate the outcomes of adult patients with ALL who underwent haplo‐HCT during 2011 through 2015 and compared them with the outcomes of those who underwent transplantation during 2016 through 2018.RESULTSThe analysis consisted of 195 patients, including 79 who underwent transplantation during 2011 through 2015 and 116 who underwent transplantation during 2016 through 2018. Overall, the 2‐year leukemia‐free survival and relapse incidence rates were 56.5% and 21%, respectively. The 100‐day incidence of grade 2 through 4 acute graft‐vs‐host disease (GVHD) was 34.5%. The rates of nonrelapse mortality (NRM) and overall survival (OS) were 22.5% and 64.7%, respectively. Patients who underwent transplantation during 2016 through 2018 experienced improved rates of leukemia‐free survival (64.9% vs 47.3%; P = .019) and OS (75.5% vs 53.5%; P = .006). Patients who underwent transplantation during 2016 through 2018 developed more grade 2 through 4 acute GVHD (42% vs 26.4%; P = .047). The incidence of relapse, GVHD‐free/relapse‐free survival, grade 3 and 4 acute GVHD, chronic GVHD, and extensive chronic GVHD did not differ significantly between groups. In multivariate analysis, more recently transplanted patients had a significantly reduced risk of NRM (hazard ratio, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.22‐0.89; P = .022) and improved OS (hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.26‐0.86; P = .014). A comparable analysis of patients who had acute myeloid leukemia during the same timeframes did not reveal any statistically significant differences in any outcomes.CONCLUSIONSThe outcome of adult patients with ALL who receive posttransplant cyclophosphamide has improved over time, with an impressive 2‐year OS of 75% and, most recently, an NRM rate of only 17%.