bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between stressful life events, coping styles, and schizophrenia relapse
Authors: Wang Qing , Zhu Xiaodan , Jiang Xiaojian , Li Meizhi , Chang Ru , Chen Bing , Liu Juan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the relationship between stressful life events, coping styles, and schizophrenia relapse. The sample for this study included 248 patients with schizophrenia from a psychiatric outpatient clinic in Hunan Province, China. Stressful life events, occurrence of schizophrenia relapse, and coping style were assessed by the Scale for the Social Readjustment Rating, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, respectively. Spearman correlation analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were adopted to explore the relationships among coping styles, schizophrenia relapse, and stressful life events. Stressful life events and negative coping exhibited significant positive association with schizophrenia relapse, while positive coping exhibited a significant negative association with schizophrenia relapse. Stressful life events and positive coping exerted significant effects on schizophrenia relapse, while negative coping did not. We also found that both positive coping and negative coping have moderating effects on the relationship between stressful life events and schizophrenia relapse, but the relationship is weak. The study highlighted the importance of interventions designed to reduce stressful life events, promote positive coping, and address negative coping in patients with schizophrenia.
Effectiveness of skin cleanser and protectant regimen on incontinence‐associated dermatitis outcomes in acute care patients: A cluster randomised trial
Authors: Glass George Frederick , Goh Cheng Cheng Karine , Cheong Run Qi , Ong Zhi Lei , Khong Peck Chui Betty , Chan Ee‐Yuee 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSkin cleansers and protectants protect skin from incontinent matter to reduce the risk of incontinence‐associated dermatitis (IAD), but their effectiveness treating established IAD in the tropics is unknown. We conducted an open‐label cluster randomised trial to compare the effectiveness of a combined regimen of (1) specialised skin cleansers with disposable body wipes and (2) either an acrylic terpolymer (T1) or zinc oxide (T2) skin protectant against disposable body wipes and zinc oxide protectant (control) in promoting IAD healing and reducing the risk of deterioration. Eighty‐four patients were recruited in a tertiary hospital in Singapore between April 2019 and January 2020 (T1: n = 23; T2: n = 37; Control: n = 24). Although not statistically significant, patients treated with T1 and T2 were 1.5 times as likely to experience IAD healing within seven days compared with the control (P = .66). Healing was more pronounced in participants with skin loss treated with T1 or T2. No treatment was superior in preventing IAD deterioration, the prevalence of which remained small (8%‐14%). While skin cleaning and protectants reduced the overall risk of skin deterioration, the addition of skin cleansers enhanced IAD healing within a short period, an important consideration for future research examining IAD treatment in acute care.
Revisiting the Conceptual Domain: Educational Knowledge and the Visual Arts
Authors: Green Bridget 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn modern Western education, the visual arts have come to hold a problematic position in the school curriculum. Art is often classified by school leaders, students, parents and even teachers as different from other subjects; sometimes viewed as almost magical, enabling students to explore and develop an innate creativity; sometimes simply unimportant, a therapeutic respite from the more demanding academic subjects. In this article, I trace the problematic relationship between visual arts and educational knowledge. I propose that this dynamic prevents the function of robust assessment systems and constrains equal access. I investigate how my subject has been thus marginalised, with reference to curriculum and policy documents that influence my immediate situation, and turn to the work of educational sociologist Basil Bernstein and his followers, to define the problem and plot a possible future for art education. Bernstein’s model of the pedagogic device, his work on the recontextualisation of knowledge and his concept of pedagogic rights assist me in formulating a case for an articulated conceptual grammar in visual arts education.
The colonization of the Puna and Atacama Biogeographic Province by sister clades of Psectrascelis (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): Synchronous expansion without spatial overlap
Authors: Zúñiga‐Reinoso Alvaro , Ritter Benedikt , Predel Reinhard 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimWe investigated the biogeographic pattern of the species‐rich genus Psectrascelis (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in the Central Andes and the Chilean Atacama Desert as an example for insect evolution in such a geologically and climatically highly dynamic arid region. The main aim was to test two alternative hypotheses about the main drivers of diversification of biotas from deserts in the region: Andean uplift versus Pleistocene fragmentation/dispersal.LocationSouth America, Central Andes, Atacama Desert.TaxonPsectrascelis (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).MethodsA phylogenetic tree based on cytochrome oxidase I, 16S and Wg genes was prepared for multiple individuals from 36 populations of the region representing 14 species or subspecies. Divergence times, ancestral ranges and biogeographic events that may have led to the current distribution and species diversity were estimated.ResultsThe first split within the genus is not directly related to the Andean uplift but began at the time of global cooling at ~3.5 Ma, when the Andes had already reached their current altitude. Further differentiations of Psectrascelis lineages were mostly caused by common and more global drivers resulting in major clusters of diversifications at ~2.6–2.2 Ma, ~1.3–0.7 Ma and several subsequent events during the mid‐ to late Quaternary. Today, the two main clades of Psectrascelis almost meet each other after presumably synchronous range expansions along the Western Cordillera.Main conclusionsDiversification of Psectrascelis has primarily been affected by global climate changes since the mid‐Pliocene and has involved multiple vicariance and jump dispersal events. We hypothesize that jump dispersal events have occasionally been accompanied by adaptation to stronger aridity, which paved the way for range expansion into previously unsuitable habitats and eventually led to synchronous colonizations without spatial overlap along different isohyets in the Western Cordillera during the late Pleistocene.
RAS‐association domain family 1A regulates the abnormal cell proliferation in psoriasis via inhibition of Yes‐associated protein
Authors: Jia Jinjing , Wang Ning , Zheng Yan , Mo Xiumei , Zhang Yu , Ye Siqi , Liu Junfeng , Yan Fenggen , Li Hongyi , Chen Dacan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease with a high incidence and recurrence; however, its exact pathogenesis and aetiology remain unclear. This study aimed to analyse the effect of the upstream negative regulator RAS‐association domain family 1A (RASSF1A) on Yes‐associated protein (YAP) in psoriasis. Skin lesions of 22 patients with psoriasis and 19 healthy controls were used. Human epidermal keratinocytes stimulated by M5 (IL‐1α, IL‐17, IL‐22, TNF‐α and oncostatin M) were used to establish a psoriatic cell model. BALB/c mice treated with topical imiquimod were used to establish a psoriatic mouse model. As the methylation level of RASSF1A increased, its expression in psoriatic patients and mice model decreased. Addition of the methylation inhibitor 5‐Aza‐CdR or RASSF1A‐overexpressing lentivirus vector increased RASSF1A and reduced YAP expression; meanwhile improved skin lesions, reduced cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, increased apoptosis, reduced inflammatory cytokines and activities of ERK, STAT3 and NF‐κB signalling pathways. The results indicated that RASSF1A could play a role in the treatment of psoriasis by inhibiting YAP expression. Based on these findings, targeted drugs that can inhibit the methylation or increase the expression of RASSF1A may be useful for treating psoriasis.
ZEB1 serves as an oncogene in acute myeloid leukaemia via regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway by combining with P53
Authors: Li Lanlan , Feng Yubin , Hu Shuang , Du Yan , Xu Xiaoling , Zhang Meiju , Peng Xiaoqing , Chen Feihu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAcute myeloid leukaemia is a complex, highly aggressive hematopoietic disorder. Currently, in spite of great advances in radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the prognosis for AML patients with initial treatment failure is still poor. Therefore, the need for novel and efficient therapies to improve AML treatment outcome has become desperately urgent. In this study, we identified the expression of ZEB1 (a transcription factor) and focused on its possible role and mechanisms in the progression of AML. According to the data provided by the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), high expression of ZEB1 closely correlates with poor prognosis in AML patients. Additionally, the overexpression of ZEB1 was observed in both AML patients and cell lines. Further functional experiments showed that ZEB1 depletion can induce AML differentiation and inhibit AML proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, ZEB1 expression was negatively correlated with tumour suppressor P53 expression and ZEB1 can directly bind to P53. Our results also revealed that ZEB1 can regulate PTEN/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. The inhibitory effect of ZEB1 silencing on PTEN/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway could be significantly reversed by P53 small interfering RNA treatment. Overall, the present data indicated that ZEB1 may be a promising therapeutic target for AML treatment or a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis.
Adverse obstetric outcomes in early‐diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Kyozuka Hyo , Yasuda Shun , Murata Tsuyoshi , Fukuda Toma , Yamaguchi Akiko , Kanno Aya , Sato Akiko , Ogata Yuka , Hosoya Mitsuaki , Yasumura Seiji , Hashimoto Koichi , Nishigori Hidekazu , Fujimori Keiya ,   The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) Group
Published: May 2021

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo examine adverse outcomes in women with early‐diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus using data from a large birth cohort study in Japan.Materials and MethodsThis study analyzed data from singleton pregnancies in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study including births during 2011–2014. Mothers with an HbA1c level ≥6.5% in the first trimester, a history of diabetes mellitus, or steroid use during pregnancy were excluded. The participants were divided into three groups: control (without gestational diabetes mellitus), early‐diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (diagnosed before gestational week 24), and late‐diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (diagnosed after gestational week 24). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the risk of early‐diagnosed and late‐diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus for adverse obstetrics outcomes.ResultsIn total, 100,376 eligible participants were included in this study. The number of individuals in control cases, early‐diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus cases, and late‐diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus cases was 98,090 (97.7%), 751 (0.7%), and 1,535 (1.5%), respectively. When control cases were used as reference, multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that early‐diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus increased the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio: 2.08, 95% confidence interval: 1.51–2.86), early‐onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio: 1.91, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–3.65), and late‐onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio: 1.92, 95% confidence interval: 1.29–2.86).ConclusionEarly‐diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with serious obstetric complications. Our findings indicate the necessity of further investigations to validate the benefit of early screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women.
Institutionalization of older French adults with dementia: Role of the informal carer's degree of kinship
Authors: Huvent‐Grelle Dominique , Ficheur Grégoire , Beuscart Jean Baptiste , Genin Michaël , Vaudreuil Claire , Boulanger Eric , Puisieux François 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe institutionalization of a patient with Alzheimer's disease or other dementia (ADOD) is the last resort for the latter's family and/or caregivers. We hypothesized that the degree of kinship between the patient and his/her caregiver would influence the likelihood of institutionalization.ObjectiveTo assess the association between institutionalization of patients with ADOD and the degree of kinship with the family caregiver.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of patients with ADOD aged 75 or over attending a memory center in France for the first time between 2011 and 2014, as recorded in the French National Alzheimer Database. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with institutionalization after adjustment for age, sex, the Mini‐Mental State Examination score, educational level, and type of dementia.ResultsA total of 52,874 patients were included. The primary caregiver was most often a child (54.8%) or the spouse (36.7%). Compared with the “spouse” reference category, all the other caregiver categories were associated with a significantly greater likelihood of institutionalization; the odds ratio [95% confidence interval] was 4.68 [3.67–5.92] when the carer was a grandchild, 5.48 [4.93–6.09] for a child, 4.93 [4.11–5.91] for a daughter‐/son‐in‐law, 8.76 [7.15–10.70] for a sibling, and 8.93 [7.48–10.65] for a niece/nephew.ConclusionThe likelihood of institutionalization of older patients with ADOD varied with the degree of kinship. Compared with the “spouse” reference category, the likelihood was higher for all other types of caregivers but was especially high when the caregiver was not a direct descendant of the patient.
Therapy outcomes for neurodiverse couples: Exploring a solution‐focused approach
Authors: Parker Michele L. , Mosley Marissa A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe need for clinical approaches that address romantic relationship concerns of adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been essentially overlooked. There are a growing number of recommendations in the available literature to increase the availability and evaluation of treatment approaches that are appropriate for couples that include an adult with ASD. The aim of the present study was to explore clinical outcomes of a neurodiverse couple who participated in twelve sessions of solution‐focused brief therapy. Our findings indicated both partners experienced improvement in the target complaints, communication and emotional awareness. On the other hand, each partner had a different trajectory of change in relationship satisfaction over the course of treatment. Directions for future research and implications for couple therapy with adults diagnosed with ASD are discussed.
The neuropathy in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: A narrative review
Authors: Tozza Stefano , Severi Daniele , Spina Emanuele , Iovino Aniello , Aruta Francesco , Ruggiero Lucia , Dubbioso Raffaele , Iodice Rosa , Nolano Maria , Manganelli Fiore 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv) is a condition with adult onset, caused by mutation of the transthyretin (TTR) gene and characterized by extracellular deposition of amyloid fibrils in tissue, especially in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and heart. PNS involvement leads to a rapidly progressive and disabling sensory‐motor axonal neuropathy. Although awareness among neurologists increased in recent years thanks to new treatment options, ATTRv is frequently misdiagnosed, and thus a correct diagnosis can be delayed by several years. This review aims to draw the history and features of polyneuropathy in ATTRv based on pathological and electrophysiological correlates. We assessed original articles and case reports based on their relevance to ATTRv neuropathy and we included those appropriate for the scheme of this narrative review. Amyloid fibrils initially deposit in ganglia, causing an axonal neuropathy without amyloid deposits in distal segments (eg, sural nerve biopsy). Over time, amyloid fibrils spread along the nerves, leading to some demyelinating features in the context of severe axonal loss. This review highlights how the features of neuropathy change based on type of ATTRv (early vs late onset) and stage of disease.
Invitro effect of pine bark extract on melanin synthesis, tyrosinase activity, production of endothelin‐1, and PPAR in cultured melanocytes exposed to Ultraviolet, Infrared, and Visible light radiation
Authors: Leis Ayres Eloisa , dos Santos Silva Jonadab , Eberlin Samara , Facchini Gustavo , Vasconcellos Cidia , Da Costa Adilson 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundFrench maritime pine bark (Pinus pinaster) extract (PBE), the registered trade name of which is Pycnogenol®, has been studied for its depigmenting action due to its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐melanogenic activity. However, the mechanisms through which PBE are still not fully clear.ObjectiveEvaluate the impact of PBE on four in vitro parameters closely associated with cutaneous pigmentation, including melanin synthesis, tyrosinase activity, endothelin‐1 (ED1), and production of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α, δ, and γ (PPAR α, δ, and γ), by studying the modulation of action of ultraviolet radiation A (UVA)/ultraviolet radiation B (UVB), infrared‐A (IR‐A), visible light (VL), and association of UVA/UVB, IR‐A, and VL (ASS).MethodsHuman melanocytes were incubated in a dry extract solution of PBE, exposed to UVA/UVB, IR‐A, VL, and ASS for subsequent quantification of melanin, ED1, and PPAR α, δ, and γ. The effects of PBE on inhibition of tyrosinase activity were also performed by monophenolase activity assay.ResultsUVA/UVB, IR‐A, VL, and ASS radiation caused significant increases in the synthesis of melanin, ED1, and PPAR α, δ, and γ when compared to baseline control. However, PBE significantly reduced the production of melanin, ED1, and PPAR α, δ, and γ, as well as reducing about 66.5% of the tyrosinase activity.ConclusionsPBE reduces in vitro melanin production by downregulating tyrosinase and reducing pigmentation‐related mediators, such as ED1 and PPAR α, δ, and γ, therefore contributing to the inhibition of pathways associated with skin hyperpigmentation.
The Effect of Showing Images of the Foetus with the Virtual Reality Glass During Labour Process on Labour Pain, Birth Perception and Anxiety
Authors: Akin Bihter , Yilmaz Kocak Mine , Küçükaydın Zehra , Güzel Kübra 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAim and objectivesThis study was conducted to determine the effect of showing images of the foetus to the pregnant women with the virtual reality glass during labour process on labour pain, childbirth perception and anxiety level.BackgroundVirtual reality is an effective and inexpensive method that allows the creation of simulated scenarios in which it interacts with the virtual environment with multisensory stimuli.DesignThis is a randomised controlled experimental study. This study was conducted with the guidelines of Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT). The study was enrolled in the Clinical Trials database (NCT04664114).MethodsThe study included 100 pregnant women (50 intervention group and 50 control group). Ultrasound images of the foetus were recorded on the 28th week of pregnancy of the women in the intervention group. These images were shown to the women with the virtual reality glass during labour process. Routine procedures were carried out for the women in the control group. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was applied to both groups when cervical dilatation was 4 cm and 9 cm. The Women's Perception for the Scale of Supportive Care Given During Labor (POBS) and the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) were applied almost two hours after labour.ResultsThe VAS scores of the women in the intervention group with 9 cm dilatation and their PASS mean scores were significantly lower than women in the control group while their POBS score were significantly higher (p < 0.01).ConclusionThe results of this study show that showing images of the foetus to women with virtual reality decreased labour pain and anxiety level.Relevance to clinical practiceIt is known that supportive care given during labour is important both for the mother's and baby's health. Therefore, it is important that nurses and midwives, who spend the most time with women and provide the most support, reduce the pain and anxiety of the woman with nonpharmacological practices and make them feel positive feelings about delivery.
Occupational stressors in oncology nurses: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Soheili Mozhgan , Taleghani Fariba , Jokar Fariba , Eghbali‐Babadi Maryam , Sharifi Mehran 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAim and objectivesThe present study aims at exploring oncology nurses’ perceptions regarding work‐related stressors.BackgroundOncology nurses work in an environment with a high degree of stress, which can negatively affect their health. There is limited research on work‐related stressors from the oncology nurses’ perspective.DesignQualitative descriptive study.MethodsFifty‐two oncology nurses were selected purposefully from eight cancer treatment centres in different cities of Iran. Data were collected through semi‐structured interviews and analysed using conventional content analysis. The COREQ checklist was used to document the report of the study.ResultsThe extracted contents were classified into four main categories. The first category involved personal ability with two subcategories (person‐job fit and psychological competencies). The second category included physical environment arrangements with two subcategories (physical working conditions and equipment and facilities). The third category involved psychosocial safety in the workplace with four subcategories (creating a safe work environment, overcoming the challenges of providing care to cancer patients, work/life balance and social recognition of the nursing status). The fourth category holds an organisational context with four subcategories (organisational support, interpersonal relations, justice at work and human resources).ConclusionIt is necessary to find measures attenuating work‐related stresses in oncology nurses. These measures should be in line with developing personal abilities in nurses and creating a safe environment in terms of optimising physical, psychosocial and organisational conditions. It is also important to develop programmes protecting the oncology nurses’ occupational health.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results of this study can help improve nursing work conditions, attenuate work‐related stresses in nurses and introduce efficient interventions reducing occupational stressors.