bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prognostic significance of HPV, p16, and p53 protein expression in vaginal cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Rasmussen Christina L. , Bertoli Hanna K. , Sand Freja L. , Kjær Alexander K. , Thomsen Louise T. , Kjær Susanne K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionHuman papillomavirus (HPV), p16, and p53 have been investigated as prognostic markers in various HPV‐related cancers. Within the field of vaginal cancer, however, the evidence remains sparse. In this systematic review, we have compiled the presently published studies on the prognostic significance of HPV and immunohistochemical expression of p16 and p53 among women with vaginal cancer.Material and methodsWe conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library to identify relevant studies published until April 2021. We included studies reporting survival after histologically verified vaginal cancers tested for HPV, p16, and/or p53. Survival outcomes included overall survival, disease‐free survival, disease‐specific survival, and progression‐free survival.ResultsWe included a total of 12 studies. The vast majority of vaginal cancer cases included in each study were squamous cell carcinomas (84%–100%). Seven studies reported survival after vaginal cancer according to HPV status, and the majority of these studies found a tendency towards improved survival for women with HPV‐positive vaginal cancer. Three out of four studies reporting survival according to p16 status found an improved survival among women with p16‐positive vaginal cancer. For p53, only one of six studies reported an association between p53 expression and survival.ConclusionsThis systematic review suggests that women with HPV‐ and p16‐positive vaginal cancer have an improved prognosis compared with those with HPV‐ or p16‐negative vaginal cancer. Results for p53 were varied, and no conclusion could be reached. Only 12 studies could be included in the review, of which most were based on small populations. Hence, further and larger studies on the prognostic impact of HPV, p16, and p53 in vaginal cancer are warranted.
The impact of early pregnancy complications on completed family size—A nationwide, registry‐based cohort study with 40 years of data
Authors: Kolte Astrid M. , Westergaard David , Lidegaard Øjvind , Brunak Søren , Nielsen Henriette S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe impact of early pregnancy complications on completed family size is unknown. Here, we hypothesize that early pregnancy complications and adverse outcomes may influence family size.Material and methodsIn this nationwide, registry‐based study we included all 458 475 women born 1957–1972 who lived in Denmark from age 20–45 years with at least one registered pregnancy. The main outcome of the study was number of children per woman by age 45, estimated using a Generalized Linear Mixed Model. Exposures were: (a) total number of pregnancy losses experienced (0, 1, 2, ≥3); (b) highest number of consecutive pregnancy losses (0, 1, 2, ≥3); (c) sex of firstborn child; (d) outcome of first pregnancy (live birth, stillbirth, pregnancy loss, ectopic pregnancy, or molar pregnancy).ResultsNumber of live births was negatively influenced by maternal age and adverse first pregnancy outcomes, especially ectopic pregnancies. A 30‐year‐old woman with a first ectopic pregnancy was expected to have 1.16 children (95% CI 1.11–1.22) compared with 1.95 children (95% CI 1.86–2.03) with a first live birth. Three or more consecutive losses also decreased number of live births significantly: 1.57 (95% CI 1.50–1.65) compared with 1.92 (95% CI 1.84–2.0) with only live births. The total number of pregnancy losses had no effect before the age of 35 years. Sex of firstborn had no effect.ConclusionsPrevious pregnancy history has a significant effect on number of children per woman, which is important at both individual and societal levels. Pathophysiological research of adverse pregnancy outcomes should be an urgent priority as the causes remain poorly understood.
Do risk and competition trigger conditional cooperation? Evidence from public good experiments
Authors: Bergantino Angela Stefania , Gil‐Gallen Sara , Morone Andrea 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe investigate the effect of intra‐group competition and risk marginal per capita returns on subjects' cooperative behavior in a one‐shot public good game—following the well‐known approach proposed by Fischbacher, Gächter, and Fehr (2001) and extending the Colasante et al. (2018, 2019) parametrization. We study the interaction between environment and social preferences and test the existence of a causal relationship of risk and competition over cooperative behavior when an individual's benefit of the public good is heterogeneous and uncertain. Our results report experimental evidence about competition fostering cooperative behavior leading to a rise in contribution for all the subjects regardless of their social preferences. However, risk has a detrimental effect on cooperative behavior due to encouraging free riding.
Primary bone augmentation leads to equally stable marginal tissue conditions comparing the use of xenograft blocks infused with BMP‐2 and autogenous bone blocks: A 3D analysis after 3 years
Authors: Bienz Stefan P. , Payer Michael , Hjerppe Jenni , Hüsler Jürg , Jakse Norbert , Schmidlin Patrick R. , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Jung Ronald E. , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo test whether or not primary bone augmentation using xenograft blocks infused with BMP‐2 or autogenous bone blocks lead to similar results regarding the implant survival and 3D marginal soft tissue contours.MethodsTwenty‐four patients with an insufficient ridge width for implant placement in need of primary augmentation were randomly assigned to either a block of deproteinized bovine bone mineral infused with rhBMP‐2 (BMP) or an intraorally harvested block of autogenous bone (ABB). At 4 months, 1–4 dental implants were placed in the regenerated area. After crown insertion and at 3 years, peri‐implant tissue parameters, two‐ and three‐dimensional radiographic parameters, and soft tissue contour changes were evaluated. Explorative mixed model analyses were performed. The level of significance was set at 5%.ResultsAt the 3‐year follow‐up, 23 patients with 40 implants were evaluated. The implant survival rate was 100% in both groups. At baseline, the marginal hard tissue levels amounted to −0.4 ± 0.8 mm (mean ± standard deviation) in the BMP group and −0.7 ± 1.0 mm in the ABB group. At 3 years, these values were −0.2 ± 0.4 mm (BMP) and −0.6 ± 1.0 mm (ABB). At baseline, the thickness of the buccal hard tissue at the level of the implant shoulder measured 1.1 ± 1.1 mm (BMP) and 1.4 ± 1.0 mm (ABB). At 3 years, it measured 0.9 ± 0.9 mm (BMP) and 0.7 ± 0.6 mm (ABB).ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated excellent implant survival rates and stable marginal hard tissue levels in both augmentation groups, 3 years after crown insertion. In addition, the clinical stability of soft and hard tissues was demonstrated in both groups.
Clinical and radiographical performance of implants placed with simultaneous guided bone regeneration using resorbable and nonresorbable membranes after 22–24 years, a prospective, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Jung Ronald E. , Brügger Lily V. , Bienz Stefan P. , Hüsler Jürg , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Zitzmann Nicola U. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimThe aim was to evaluate the performance of implants placed with simultaneous guided bone regeneration (GBR) using resorbable or nonresorbable membranes compared to implants placed in pristine bone without bone regeneration after an observation period of 22–24 years.Material and MethodsThe patient cohort of this clinical trial was treated from 1994 to 1996. Dehiscence defects were treated with GBR by either using resorbable collagen membranes (BG) or nonresorbable ePTFE membranes (GT). Implants placed in pristine bone served as a control (CT). Clinical parameters, marginal bone levels, and technical outcomes were evaluated following restoration placement and at the present follow‐up. A 3D radiographic analysis was conducted in order to assess buccal and oral bone dimensions. Implant survival was assessed with Kaplan–Meier analysis and a frailty model (level of significance 5%).ResultsOut of the originally 72 patients (mean age 75.4 ± 15.70 years) with 265 implants, 39 patients with 147 implants were included in the study after a median period of 23.5 years. Implant survival was 89.3% in group BG (n = 100), 90.2% in group GT (n = 37), and 93.8% in group CT (n = 105), without significant differences (Frailty proportional hazard model p = .79). Smoking had a negative effect on survival (p = .0122). Mean vertical marginal bone levels were −2.3 ± 1.4 mm (BG, n = 59), −3.0 ± 1.5 mm (GT, n = 21), and −2.3 ± 1.6 mm (CT, n = 52). The vertical buccal bone levels were −3.0 ± 1.9 mm (BG, n = 57), −3.5 ± 2.2 mm (GT, n = 21), and −2.6 ± 1.8 mm (CT, n = 49), without significant differences.ConclusionImplant placement with GBR procedures provides treatment outcomes with favorable implant survival rates (89.3%–93.8%) after 23.5 years. Smoking, however, affected implant survival negatively.
Single‐cell transcriptome analysis reveals defective decidua stromal niche attributes to recurrent spontaneous abortion
Authors: Du Lili , Deng Wenbo , Zeng Shanshan , Xu Pei , Huang Lijun , Liang Yingyu , Wang Yang , Xu Hui , Tang Jingman , Bi Shilei , Zhang Lizi , Li Yulian , Ren Luwen , Lin Lin , Deng Weinan , Liu Mingxing , Chen Jingsi , Wang Haibin , Chen Dunjin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesSuccessful pregnancy involves the homeostasis between maternal decidua and fetoplacental units, whose disruption contributes to compromised pregnancy outcomes, including recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). The role of cell heterogeneity of maternal decidua in RSA is yet to be illustrated.Materials and methodsA total of 66,078 single cells from decidua samples isolated from patients with RSA and healthy controls were analysed by unbiased single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq).ResultsOur scRNA‐seq results revealed that stromal cells are the most abundant cell type in decidua during early pregnancy. RSA samples are accompanied by aberrant decidualization and obviously obstructed communication between stromal cells and other cell types, such as abnormal activation of macrophages and NK cells. In addition, the over‐activated TNF superfamily member 12 (TNFSF12, TWEAK) and FASLG in RSA are closely related to stromal cell demise and pregnancy failure.ConclusionsOur research reveals that the cell composition and communications in normal and RSA decidua at early pregnancy and provides insightful information for the pathology of RSA and will pave the way for pregnancy loss prevention.
Gibt es eine Überbehandlung von Melanompatienten am Ende ihres Lebens? Ergebnisse einer multizentrischen Studie an 193 Melanompatienten
Authors: Forschner Andrea , Loquai Carmen , Meiss Frank , Huening Svea , Pawlowski Johannes , Bradfisch Fabienne , Lehr Saskia , Nashan Dorotheé 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZieleEs fehlen Daten Daten über die Situation von Melanompatienten, die in ihren letzten Lebensmonaten systemische Therapien erhalten.Patienten und MethodenAlle Melanompatienten, die 2016 oder 2017 verstorben sind und die innerhalb der letzten drei Lebensmonate mit systemischen Therapien behandelt wurden, wurden retrospektiv ausgewertet. Die Studie wurde im Rahmen des Komitees „Supportivtherapie“ der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Dermatologische Onkologie (ADO) durchgeführt.Ergebnisse193 Patienten aus vier dermatoonkologischen Zentren wurden eingeschlossen. Mehr als 60 % der Patienten hatten einen ECOG ≥ 2 und die meisten von ihnen erhielten Immuncheckpoint‐Inhibitoren (ICI) oder zielgerichtete Therapien (TT). 41 Patienten profitierten von der letzten Therapie in Bezug auf die radiologischen Befunde, die Laborbefunde oder den allgemeinen Gesundheitszustand. Obwohl der ECOG‐Status in der TT‐Kohorte im Vergleich zur ICI‐Gruppe schlechter war, war der Anteil der Patienten, die von der letzten Therapie profitierten in der TT‐Gruppe deutlich höher. Darüber hinaus konnte die TT‐Therapie häufiger ambulant durchgeführt werden.SchlussfolgerungenDiese Studie zeigt, dass es eine Tendenz zur Überbehandlung am Lebensende gibt. Nichtsdestotrotz könnte TT eine sinnvolle therapeutische Option für das fortgeschrittene BRAF‐mutierte Melanom sein, auch in hochpalliativen Situationen.
Bei CALME (childhood asymmetry labium majus enlargement): die Ruhe bewahren und nachverfolgen
Authors: Sechi Andrea , Patrizi Annalisa , Vara Giulio , Golfieri Rita , Neri Iria 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungCALME steht für childhood asymmetry labium majus enlargement und bezeichnet eine physiologische, nichtneoplastische Schwellung des Weichteilgewebes der Labia majora. CALME wird durch die Vergrößerung einer oder mehrerer normaler vulvärer Gewebeanteile verursacht und weist keine äußere Kapsel auf. Vereinzelte Berichte in der Literatur haben das Augenmerk auf diese gutartige Veränderung gelenkt und die Notwendigkeit betont, invasive Eingriffe mit möglichen Dauerfolgen zu vermeiden. Die Ätiopathogenese von CALME ist nach wie vor umstritten, wobei die Hypothese einer hormonell bedingten stromalen Hyperplasie der großen Schamlippen gegenüber der Annahme eines gutartigen neoplastischen Prozesses favorisiert wird. Dieser Artikel zielt darauf ab, einen detaillierten Überblick über die klinischen, histologischen und apparativen Befunde bei CALME zu geben und einen abgestuften Algorithmus zur Herangehensweise und zum Management von genito‐inguinalen Geschwülsten bei pädiatrischen Patienten zu erstellen.
Mycosis fungoides und Sézary‐Syndrom
Authors: Jonak Constanze , Tittes Julia , Brunner Patrick Manfred , Guenova Emmanuella 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Mycosis fungoides (MF) und das Sézary‐Syndrom (SS) sind primär kutane T‐Zell‐Lymphome (CTCL), deren Ätiologie und Pathogenese noch nicht vollständig geklärt sind. MF und SS werden konzeptionell als eigenständige Entitäten angesehen, mit unterschiedlichen T‐Helferzell‐Subtypen als Ursprung. Während die MF den häufigsten Subtyp der CTCL darstellt, ist das SS hingegen sehr selten. Klinisch werden bei der MF dasPatch‐, Plaque‐ und Tumor‐Stadium unterschieden, wobei sich auch eine Erythrodermie manifestieren kann, welche wiederum pathognomonisch für das SS ist. Das SS ist durch eine Leukämie und/oder eine nachweisbare Tumorzelllast (Sézary‐Zellen) im peripheren Blut gekennzeichnet undper seein fortgeschrittenes Krankheitsstadium mit ungünstiger Prognose. Bei der MF ist die Prognose im frühen Krankheitsstadium, der überwiegenden Verlaufsform, vorteilhaft. Bei bis zu 30 % der Patienten ist jedoch ein Fortschreiten der kutanen Erkrankung bis hin zu extrakutanen Manifestationen dokumentiert.Die histologischen Veränderungen der MF sind im Frühstadium oft diskret und daher ist eine sorgfältige klinisch‐pathologische Korrelation essenziell. Die Behandlung von MF und SS erfolgt stadiengerecht mit topischen und/oder systemischen Therapieschemata. Abseits der allogenen Stammzelltransplantation (alloSZT) gibt es bisher keine kurative Therapie für MF/SS. Dementsprechend ist der Behandlungsansatz symptomorientiert und zielt auf eine Tumorlastreduktion und eine Verbesserung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität ab. Die aktuelle Therapielandschaft für CTCL wird permanent durch die Entdeckung neuer therapeutischer Zielstrukturen erweitert.
Prophylaxis in children with haemophilia in an evolving treatment landscape
Authors: Mancuso Maria Elisa , Male Christoph , Kenet Gili , Kavakli Kaan , Königs Christoph , Blatný Jan , Fijnvandraat Karin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionFor children with haemophilia, early initiation of prophylaxis is crucial to prevent life‐threatening bleeds and maintain joint health throughout life. Options for prophylaxis have recently increased from replacement therapy with standard or extended half‐life coagulation factor products to include other haemostasis products, such as the non‐replacement therapy emicizumab.AimTo review key factors that determine the choice of prophylaxis in young children.MethodsKey clinical questions on the implementation of prophylaxis for haemophilia in children were identified and PubMed was searched for evidence supporting guidance on the implementation of prophylaxis.ResultsThe results of the literature search and the practical experience of the authors were used to build consensus on when to start prophylaxis, the pros and cons of the products available to guide the choice of product, and practical aspects of starting prophylaxis to guide the choice of regimen.ConclusionsIn this era of increasing therapeutic choices, available information about the range of treatment options must be considered when initiating prophylaxis in young children. Parents or care givers must be sufficiently informed to allow informed shared decision making. Although plentiful data and clinical experience have been gathered on prophylaxis with clotting factor replacement therapy, its use in young children brings practical challenges, such as the need for intravenous administration. In contrast, our relatively brief experience and limited data with subcutaneously administered non‐replacement therapy (i.e., emicizumab) in this patient group imply that starting emicizumab prophylaxis in young children requires careful consideration, despite the more convenient route of administration.
Bright sides of dark personality? A cross‐cultural study on the dark triad and work outcomes
Authors: Ma Gloria X. , Born Marise P. , Petrou Paraskevas , Bakker Arnold B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe current study compared the relationships between the dark triad traits and various work outcomes across a Chinese (N = 239) and a United States (N = 240) employee sample. The results of multigroup structural equation modeling analyses generally revealed a “dark” pattern across the two countries for psychopathy. Machiavellianism was generally “brighter” in China compared to the United States. Narcissism seemed to display a somewhat “brighter” pattern in the United States compared to China, as narcissism was more positively related to voice behavior and work engagement, and more negatively related to exhaustion and boredom at work in the United States than in China.
Retrospective analysis of the efficacy and duration of botulinum toxin A injections in 30 patients with palmar hyperhidrosis
Authors: Farrell Joshua , Stewart Thomas , Singh Bhavneet , Singh Gurkirat , Rosen Robert 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPalmar hyperhidrosis is a common disorder characterised by excessive sweating due to hyperfunction of the sweat glands. It can be classified as primary disease, or secondary to other causes. It has a high morbidity, and a range of treatment options. Botulinum toxin injections inhibit the release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic receptors. It is an effective treatment; however, it is infrequently selected as only axillary hyperhidrosis currently attracts a Medicare subsidy. We conducted a retrospective review of 30 patients at a Sydney dermatology clinic who received botulinum toxin injections for palmar hyperhidrosis within the past 5 years. This study has the largest patient cohort with this condition in Australia. There was evidence for a median reduction in the Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale, a qualitative self‐reported score, as well as an increasing duration of efficacy with repeated injections. There were minimal side‐effects of weakness and numbness. There is also an association between treatment of palmar disease and improvement in plantar disease, which suggests that treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis should be considered earlier and more frequently.
Assessing Bayesian Semi‐Parametric Log‐Linear Models: An Application to Disclosure Risk Estimation
Authors: Carota Cinzia , Filippone Maurizio , Polettini Silvia 
Published: September 2021

SummaryWe propose a method for identifying models with good predictive performance in the family of Bayesian log‐linear mixed models with Dirichlet process random effects for count data. Their wide applicability makes the assessment of model performance crucial in many fields, including disclosure risk estimation, which is the focus of the present work.Rather than assessing models on the whole contingency table, we target the specific objective of the analysis and propose a two‐stage model selection procedure aimed at limiting a form of bias arising in the process of model selection. Our proposal combines two different criteria: at the first stage, a path in the model search space is identified through a strongly penalized log‐likelihood; at the second, a small number of semi‐parametric models is evaluated through a context‐dependent score‐based information criterion. Tested on a variety of contingency tables, our method proves to be able to identify models with good predictive performance in a few steps, even in the presence of large tables with many sampling and structural zeros. We carefully discuss the proposed method in the context of the literature on model assessment and contextualize the illustrative application in the recent debate on statistical disclosure limitation. Finally, we provide examples of further applications in different research areas.
A test of the centre–periphery hypothesis using population genetics in an East Asian Tertiary relict tree
Authors: Xu Wu‐Qin , Comes Hans P. , Feng Yu , Zhang Yong‐Hua , Qiu Ying‐Xiong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimSeveral hypotheses are available to predict change in genetic diversity at expanding peripheral ranges. However, empirical evidence to test predictions of the centre–periphery hypothesis (CPH) at contracting range limits is scarce. To address this issue, we assessed spatial patterns of genetic variation, effective population size, and contemporary and historical gene flow in a widespread, Tertiary relict tree species from subtropical China.LocationWarm‐temperate deciduous forests of subtropical China.TaxonEmmenopterys henryi (Rubiaceae)MethodsWe applied kernel density estimation to determine the centre of the species’ geographical range. Using microsatellite markers, we assessed genetic structure and diversity in 36 populations (503 individuals) sampled in the centre and periphery across the species’ range. We further examined both historical and contemporary gene flow. Finally, we applied coalescent methods to simulate population demography.ResultsIn support of CPH predictions, the highest density of E. henryi coincided with the geographical centre of the species’ distribution range, and genetic diversity significantly declined with distance from this range centre. Historical migration from the core to the edge was significantly higher than in the opposite direction, whereas contemporary migration followed an opposite pattern. Central and peripheral populations had similar levels of genetic differentiation.Main conclusionsCore‐to‐edge patterns of genetic diversity, but not genetic differentiation, were consistent with the CPH in E. henryi. Also in line with the CPH, historical (but not contemporary) migration from the core to the edge was significantly higher than in the opposite direction. Results suggest that the complex topography in subtropical China and population demographic processes may strongly influence whether CPH predictions are met in different population genetic parameters.