bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic evaluations of interventions against influenza at workplaces: systematic review
Authors: Ofori S K , Hung Y W , Schwind J S , Diallo K , Babatunde D , Nwaobi S O , Hua X , Sullivan K L , Cowling B J , Chowell G , Fung I C H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The burden of influenza is mostly felt by employees and employers because of increased absenteeism rates, loss of productivity and associated direct costs. Even though interventions against influenza among working adults are effective, patronage and compliance to these measures especially vaccination are low compared to other risk groups.

Aims
This study was aimed to assess evidence of economic evaluations of interventions against influenza virus infection among workers or in the workplace setting.

Methods
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) reporting guideline for systematic reviews was followed. Three databases, PubMed, Web of Science and EconLit, were searched using keywords to identify relevant articles from inception till 25 October 2020. Original peer-reviewed papers that conducted economic evaluations of influenza interventions using cost–benefit, cost–effectiveness or cost–utility analysis methods focused on working-age adults or work settings were eligible for inclusion. Two independent teams of co-authors extracted and synthesized data from identified studies.

Results
Twenty-four articles were included: 21 were cost–benefit analyses and 3 examined cost–effectiveness analyses. Two papers also presented additional cost–utility analysis. Most of the studies were pharmaceutical interventions (n = 23) primarily focused on vaccination programs while one study was a non-pharmaceutical intervention examining the benefit of paid sick leave. All but two studies reported that interventions against influenza virus infection at the workplace were cost-saving and cost-effective regardless of the analytic approach.

Conclusions
Further cost–effectiveness research in non-pharmaceutical interventions against influenza in workplace settings is warranted. There is a need to develop standardized methods for reporting economic evaluation methods to ensure comparability and applicability of future research findings.
Multi-layered Regulation of Plant Cell Wall Thickening
Authors: Zhu Yingying , Li Laigeng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Plants need to develop thickened cell walls with appropriate localization through precise regulation during the process of growth and development in order to support their body weight and to build long distance transportation systems. Wall thickening is achieved through a multitude of regulatory networks in various tissues under changeable environments. In this mini-review, we summarize current understanding of the regulatory pathways and mechanisms involved in cell wall thickening. Regulation of cell wall thickening is not only mechanistically essential to understand the plant structure accretion but also has applicable significance to plant cell wall biomass utilization.
The yellowhornAGLtranscription factor geneXsAGL22contributes to ABA biosynthesis and drought tolerance in poplar
Authors: Bian Zhan , Wang Xiaoling , Lu Junkun , Wang Dongli , Zhou Yangyan , Liu Yunshan , Wang Shengkun , Yu Zequn , Xu Daping , Meng Sen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRegulation of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis helps plants adapt to drought stress, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unclear. Here, a drought-induced transcription factor XsAGL22 was isolated from yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge). Yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that XsAGL22 can physically bind to the promoters of the ABA biosynthesis-related genes XsNCED6 and XsBG1, and a dual-luciferase assay showed that XsAGL22 activates the promoters of the later two genes. Transient overexpression of XsAGL22 in yellowhorn leaves also increased the expression of XsNCED6 and XsBG1 and increased cellular ABA levels. Finally, heterologous overexpression of XsAGL22 in poplar increased ABA content, reduced stomatal aperture and increased drought resistance. Our results suggest that XsAGL22 is a powerful regulator of ABA biosynthesis and plays a critical role in drought resistance in plants.
Machine Learning-based Prediction of Prolonged Intensive Care Unit Stay for Critical Patients with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Fan Guoxin , Yang Sheng , Liu Huaqing , Xu Ningze , Chen Yuyong , He Jie , Su Xiuyun , Pang Mao , Liu Bin , Han Lanqing , Rong Limin 
Published: October 2021

Study Design.
A retrospective cohort study.

Objective.
The objective of the study was to develop machine-learning (ML) classifiers for predicting prolonged intensive care unit (ICU)-stay and prolonged hospital-stay for critical patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Summary of Background Data.
Critical patients with SCI in ICU need more attention. SCI patients with prolonged stay in ICU usually occupy vast medical resources and hinder the rehabilitation deployment.

Methods.
A total of 1599 critical patients with SCI were included in the study and labeled with prolonged stay or normal stay. All data were extracted from the eICU Collaborative Research Database and the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III-IV Database. The extracted data were randomly divided into training, validation and testing (6:2:2) subdatasets. A total of 91 initial ML classifiers were developed, and the top three initial classifiers with the best performance were further stacked into an ensemble classifier with logistic regressor. The area under the curve (AUC) was the main indicator to assess the prediction performance of all classifiers. The primary predicting outcome was prolonged ICU-stay, while the secondary predicting outcome was prolonged hospital-stay.

Results.
In predicting prolonged ICU-stay, the AUC of the ensemble classifier was 0.864 ± 0.021 in the three-time five-fold cross-validation and 0.802 in the independent testing. In predicting prolonged hospital-stay, the AUC of the ensemble classifier was 0.815 ± 0.037 in the three-time five-fold cross-validation and 0.799 in the independent testing. Decision curve analysis showed the merits of the ensemble classifiers, as the curves of the top three initial classifiers varied a lot in either predicting prolonged ICU-stay or discriminating prolonged hospital-stay.

Conclusion.
The ensemble classifiers successfully predict the prolonged ICU-stay and the prolonged hospital-stay, which showed a high potential of assisting physicians in managing SCI patients in ICU and make full use of medical resources.

Level of Evidence: 3
Cryoballoon atrial fibrillation ablation experience in Japan
Authors: Miyazaki Shinsuke 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of review
In Japan, cryoballoon ablation has been widely accepted and more than 70 000 patients have undergone pulmonary vein isolation using this novel technology since the introduction. This review focused on the current status of cryoballoon ablation in Japan and clarified the characteristics as compared to Europe and the United States.

Recent findings
The number of atrial fibrillation patients undergoing cryoballon ablation has rapidly increased over the last 6 years. Most of the Japanese physicians consider the indication of cryoballoon ablation based on the anatomy of the pulmonary veins and left atrium evaluated on preprocedural computed tomography, and often perform adjunctive radiofrequency ablation after the pulmonary vein isolation. The reported overall efficacy and safety were similar to that in Europe and the United States; however, there are some distinctive complications of the cryoballoon procedure in Japan, such as air embolisms, gastric hypomotility and coronary artery spasms.

Summary
Currently, the cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation is widely accepted in Japan owing to the low incidence of lethal complications, shorter procedure time and acceptable single procedure atrial fibrillation freedom.
Skin Organoid Research Progress and Potential Applications
Authors: Li Hong-Yang , Ren Kun , Wang Cheng , Bu Wen-Bo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Skin diseases were characterized by various types and high incidence, which seriously affect people's health. At present, skin pathogenesis research and the therapeutic drug development for skin diseases are limited by the lack of reasonable research models that recapitulate the development of skin diseases. Organoids are three-dimensionally cultured cell populations derived from skin stem cells, which exhibits the ability of multicell assembly and the similar histological characteristics with the living tissues and organs. This article reviews the establishment of normal skin organoids and skin tumor organoids, and summarizes the application of skin organoids in the evaluation of drug sensitivity, pathological mechanism research, and individualized treatment. In addition, the advantages and limitations of organoids in skin disease research are also discussed, which provides a basis for revealing the pathogenesis of skin diseases and developing preventive and therapeutic drugs for skin diseases.
Development and Evaluation of a Teamwork Improvement Program for Perioperative Patient Safety
Authors: AHN Shinae , LEE Nam-Ju 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Effective teamwork in healthcare teams improves quality of care, which positively impacts on patient safety. Teamwork is especially crucial for perioperative nurses because they provide care as a team in the operating room. Previous research on teamwork training has principally addressed the general aspects of healthcare settings and focused on interdisciplinary teamwork and has rarely considered operative settings and nursing teamwork.

Purpose
The aim of this study was to develop a teamwork improvement program for perioperative patient safety and to evaluate the effectiveness of this program.

Methods
A quasi-experimental design was applied. We developed a teamwork improvement program based on teamwork competencies that focused on the perioperative nursing practice. This research was conducted at two operating centers in a tertiary hospital in South Korea, and a total of 60 perioperative nurses participated, including 28 nurses from the cancer operating center (experimental group) and 32 nurses from the main operating center (control group). The program consisted of four sessions and was delivered to the experimental group for a period of 2 weeks. Following the intervention, the effectiveness of the intervention was measured using a self-report questionnaire, focus group interviews, and program evaluation survey. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, t test, Fisher’s exact test, and content analysis.

Results
Nearly all (96.4%) of the participants were satisfied with the overall content of the teamwork improvement program. Statistically significant differences were found between the experimental and control groups with regard to teamwork knowledge, teamwork attitudes, communication self-efficacy, and teamwork skills and behaviors. Three themes were elicited from the qualitative analysis, including “recognizing the importance and content of teamwork,” “improving teamwork competencies,” and “contributing to safe surgery.” No significant difference in the incidence of surgical nursing errors was identified between the experimental and control groups within a 4-week period.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
The teamwork improvement program developed in this study was demonstrated as effective in improving perioperative nurses' utilization of teamwork competencies in nursing practice and positively changing teamwork. The findings of this study provide evidence that teamwork training increases nurses’ teamwork competencies. The clinical application of teamwork tools using competency-based teamwork training may contribute to patient safety and safe nursing practice.
Abnormal Pulmonary Function Testing as an Independent Risk Factor for Procedural Complications During Transthoracic Needle Biopsies
Authors: Rothman Adam , Lim Steven , Hasegawa Daisuke , Steiger David , Patel Rajesh , Lee Young Im 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Computed tomography (CT)-guided transthoracic needle biopsy is an important diagnostic tool for pulmonary nodules, offering a less invasive alternative to surgical procedures. This study aims to better risk stratify patients undergoing this procedure by analyzing the pulmonary function testing (PFT), imaging characteristics, and patient demographics most associated with complications.

Patients and Methods:
This retrospective study involved 254 patients undergoing transthoracic needle biopsies at 3 hospitals between October 2016 and December 2019. Demographic data, extent of emphysema, and target lesion characteristics were recorded. Complications were defined as minor (small pneumothorax, mild hemoptysis, or pulmonary hemorrhage) and major (pneumothorax requiring chest tube, hemothorax, rapid atrial fibrillation, or postprocedure hypotension or hypoxia).

Results:
There were 50 minor (20%) and 18 major complications (7%). As seen with prior studies, older age, increased distance to pleura, and smaller nodule size correlated with an increased risk of complications. Uniquely to our study, emphysema severity, seen on CT (P=0.008) and with decreased forced expiratory volume/forced vital capacity ratio, conferred an increased risk (62.94 vs. 68.74, P=0.05) of complications. Decreased Hounsfield unit of surrounding lung (a surrogate measure of emphysema) and decreased diffusion capacity (11.81 vs. 14.93, P=0.05) were associated with increased risk of major complications. Interestingly, body mass index and comorbidities had no correlation with complications.

Conclusion:
In addition to previous well-described characteristics, we described physiological data (abnormal PFTs), imaging findings, and nodule location as risk factors of procedural complications. Obtaining preprocedural PFT, in addition to reviewing CT imaging and demographic data, may aid clinicians in better risk stratifying patients undergoing transthoracic needle biopsies.
Outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Scquizzato Tommaso , Landoni Giovanni , Scandroglio Anna Mara , Franco Annalisa , Calabrò Maria Grazia , Paoli Andrea , D’Amico Filippo , Yavorovskiy Andrey , Zangrillo Alberto 
Published: October 2021

Introduction
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests increased during the COVID-19 pandemic and a direct mechanism of cardiac arrest in infected patients was hypothesized. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Methods
PubMed and EMBASE were searched up to April 05, 2021. We included studies comparing out-of-hospital cardiac arrests patients with suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection versus noninfected patients. The primary outcome was survival at hospital discharge or at 30 days. Secondary outcomes included return of spontaneous circulation, cardiac arrest witnessed and occurring at home, bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation, proportion of nonshockable rhythm and resuscitation attempted, and ambulance arrival time.

Results
In the ten included studies, 18% (1341/7545) of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests occurred in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and SARS-CoV-2 infection had reduced rates of survival (16/856 [1.9%] vs. 153/2344 [6.5%]; odds ratio (OR) = 0.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.17–0.65; P = 0.001; I

2
= 28%) and return of spontaneous circulation (188/861 [22%] vs. 640/2403 [27%]; OR = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.65–0.86; P < 0.001; I

2
= 0%) when compared to noninfected patients. Ambulance arrived later (15 ± 10 vs. 13 ± 7.5 min; mean difference = 1.64; 95% CI, 0.41–2.88; P = 0.009; I

2
= 61%) and nonshockable rhythms (744/803 [93%] vs. 1828/2217 [82%]; OR = 2.79; 95% CI, 2.08–3.73; P < 0.001; I

2
= 0%) occurred more frequently. SARS-CoV-2 positive patients suffered a cardiac arrest at home more frequently (1186/1263 [94%] vs. 3598/4055 [89%]; OR = 1.86; 95% CI, 1.45–2.40; P<0.001; I

2
= 0%) but witnessed rate (486/890 [55%] vs. 1385/2475 [56%]; OR = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.82–1.14; P = 0.63; I

2
= 0%) and bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate (439/828 [53%] vs. 1164/2304 [51%]; OR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.73–1.24; P = 0.70; I

2
= 53%) were similar.

Conclusions
One-fifth of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients had SARS-CoV-2 infection. These patients had low rates of return of spontaneous circulation and survival and were characterized by higher nonshockable rhythms but similar bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate.

Review registration:
PROSPERO - CRD42021243540.
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children With Inherited Liver Disease and Native Liver
Authors: Leung Daniel H. , Sorensen Lisa G. , Ye Wen , Hawthorne Kieran , Ng Vicky L. , Loomes Kathleen M. , Fredericks Emily M. , Alonso Estella M. , Heubi James E. , Horslen Simon P. , Karpen Saul J. , Molleston Jean P. , Rosenthal Philip , Sokol Ronald J. , Squires Robert H. , Wang Kasper S. , Kamath Binita M. , Magee John C. ,   Childhood Liver Disease Research Network (ChiLDReN)
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTObjective:To evaluate neurodevelopmental status among children with inherited cholestatic liver diseases with native liver and variables predictive of impairment.Methods:Participants with Alagille syndrome (ALGS), progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC), and alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency (A1AT) enrolled in a longitudinal, multicenter study and completed the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence‐III or Intelligence Scale for Children‐IV. Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) was analyzed continuously and categorically (>100, 85–99, 70–84, <70). Univariate linear regression was performed to study association between FSIQ and risk factors, stratified by disease.Results:Two hundred and fifteen completed testing (ALGS n = 70, PFIC n = 43, A1AT n = 102); median age was 7.6 years (3.0–16.9). Mean FSIQ in ALGS was lower than A1AT (94 vs 101, P = 0.01). Frequency of FSIQ < 85 (>1 standard deviation [SD] below average) was highest in ALGS (29%) versus 18.6% in PFIC and 12.8% in A1AT, and was greater than expected in ALGS based on normal distribution (29% vs 15.9%, P = 0.003). ALGS scored significantly lower than test norms in almost all Wechsler composites; A1AT scored lower on Working Memory and Processing Speed; PFIC was not different from test norms. Total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, hemoglobin, and parental education were significantly associated with FSIQ.Conclusions:Patients with ALGS are at increased risk of lower FSIQ, whereas our data suggest A1AT and PFIC are not. A1AT and ALGS appear vulnerable to working memory and processing speed deficits suggestive of attention/executive function impairment. Malnutrition, liver disease severity, and sociodemographic factors appear related to FSIQ deficits, potentially identifying targets for early interventions.
Chief Nursing Officer Perspectives on Nursing Theory-Guided Practice
Authors: Turkel Marian , Smith Marlaine C. , Tappen Ruth , Hansell Phyllis , Fawcett Jacqueline , Alanbry Toqa , Drenkard Karen 
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to identify what guides nursing practice.

BACKGROUND
Change occurred when the Magnet Recognition Program® no longer required a nursing theory.

METHODS
This was a mixed-methods study to identify the process used to implement nursing theory-guided practice and the relationship to professional practice recognition. Deidentified quantitative data were collected from 36 chief nursing officers (CNOs). Seventeen CNOs participated in the qualitative interview.

RESULTS
Thirteen CNOs were from a Magnet®-designated facility. Ten CNOs were on the Magnet journey, and 2 had no intent to seek Magnet recognition. Two CNOs were from a Pathway to Excellence®–designated facility. One CNO was on the Pathway to Excellence journey. The majority of respondents who were Magnet® recognized who participated in the survey used Watson's Theory of Human Caring. Themes were identified that share the benefits and strategies to integrate nursing-guided theory into nursing processes, structures, and outcomes.

CONCLUSION
Findings will benefit CNOs as they make decisions related to pursuing Magnet status recognition.
Content comparison of four commonly used amputee mobility assessment scales in the literature by linking to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health
Authors: Ekinci Yasin , Yaşaroğlu Ömer Faruk , Düger Tülin 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Despite the fact that there are a number of studies revealing the linkage of scales with the World Health Organization's international classification of functioning, disability, and health (ICF), there is a need for comprehensive studies examining the relationship between amputee mobility scales and ICF.

Objective:
To analyze the content of four amputee mobility scales at the item level using the ICF.

Methods:
The Locomotor Capacity Index, Rivermead Mobility Index, Amputee Mobility Predictor, and Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility were analyzed by two health professionals for content comparison according to the ICF categories. Kappa statistic was used to calculate the degree of agreement between the two investigators.

Results:
A total of 62 items in the scales were analyzed and linked with ICF codes. The scale questions were linked with 27 different ICF codes as follows: 1 (3.7%) “body function”, 23 (85.1%) “activity and participation”, 2 (7.5%) “environmental factors,” and 1 (3.7%) “not definable. The estimated kappa values ranged from 0.83 to 0.90 for ICF codes.

Conclusion:
As a result of the study, the ICF is a highly effective resource that can be used in the analysis of amputee mobility scales. Because the scale items are more concentrated on the mobility chapter, it was seen that the scales generally served their purposes. In the light of the findings obtained, it is thought that the diversity of the scales in the concept distribution will guide clinicians and researchers in choosing scales according to their target groups.
Antifungal hypersensitivity reactions and cross-reactivity patterns
Authors: Copaescu Ana M. , Phillips Elizabeth J. , Trubiano Jason A. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of review
The goal of this article is to provide an updated understanding and evidence-based approach where possible for antifungal hypersensitivity. This includes recognition of clinical phenotype, implications for cross-reactivity and diagnostic, and management strategy for immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions.

Recent findings
Antifungal hypersensitivity reactions can be classified according to their latency (immediate or delayed) and clinical phenotype. The majority of the cases described in the literature are delayed T-cell mediated reactions of various severities but immediate reactions consistent with non-Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated mast cell activation and IgE-mediated reactions have also been described. Ancillary information such as skin testing, drug challenge and ex vivo experimental approaches can aid causality assessments and inform antifungal class cross-reactivity, which help optimize antifungal prescribing and stewardship.

Summary
This review will update the clinician on mechanisms of drug hypersensitivity as well as providing a structured approach to the recognition, diagnosis and management of antifungal hypersensitivity reaction.