bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatty Acid Profiles of Separated Host-Symbiont Fractions From Five Symbiotic Corals: Applications of Chemotaxonomic and Trophic Biomarkers
Authors: KIM TAIHUN , Baker David M. , Ju Se-Jong , Lee Jetty Chung-Yung 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are the main components of lipids in corals. We examined FA profiles from five symbiotic coral species belonging to five different genera (Acropora, Pavona, Turbinaria, Favites and Platygyra) and four different families (Acroporidae, Agariciidae, Dendrophyllidae, Faviidae). We separated symbionts from coral host tissue to investigate the interaction of FA between symbionts and host tissue. After separation, we used FA profiles, in particular specific FAs (e.g. 16:0, 18:0, 18:3n-3, 20:5n-3, 22:6n-3) and their ratios (EPA:DHA, PUFA:SFA) as biomarkers to examine chemotaxonomic indication and trophic level (autotrophy vs. heterotrophy) of each coral species. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed to identify and quantify FA. For quantification, the dry weight of total lipids was used to normalize FA concentration (μg mg-1). We found that 1) FA profiles and their abundance in coral host tissue and symbionts are distinct (with the exception of autotrophic species) 2) our five different coral species are defined by species-specific FA profiles, 3) certain FAs are useful biomarkers to determine relative trophic strategies (i.e. autotrophy and/or heterotrophy, 4) the application of FA ratios to define trophic level requires caution in research application and data interpretation. Considering the limitations of FA ratios determined herein, we suggest it to be more appropriate if these FA ratios were only applied to examine response to environmental change within species. Going forward, our study provides important FA baseline data that builds the foundation to future investigations on impacts of environmental changes on nutrition and metabolism in symbiotic corals.
JQ1 Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Leukemia Cells Through BCL-2 Regulated Pathway
Authors: Zeng Yifan , Liang Xing-Hua , Xia Yong , He Wen-Yin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective To explore the mechanism of JQ1 on leukemia cells. Methods This study takes two myeloid leukemia cell lines as a research model. Cells treated with high concentration of JQ1 were collected for quantitative real-time PCR, immunoblot and flow cytometry to verify the effects of JQ1 on myeloid leukemia tumor cells. Combined with mRNA sequencing of cell lines to identify the differences in mRNA expression of different cell lines. Results Two cell lines changed cell morphology under JQ1 treatment. The cell membrane appeared in varying degrees of wrinkled internal subsidence. K562 cell lines can maintain stable proliferation after being induced by a specific concentration of JQ1. However, JQ1 cannot induce the death of the K562 cells. Although the MYC and BCL2 gene expression decreased, JQ1 did not affect the c-Myc targeted genes to affect the cell cycle, nor did it trigger the BCL2-mediated apoptosis pathway. On the contrary, after JQ1 induced the MV-4-11 cells, the MYC-mediated cell cycle significantly slowed down and arrested at the G0/G1 phase. The death of MV-4-11 tumor cells through the apoptosis pathway regulated by BCL-2 family. Conclusion JQ1 has different pharmacological effects on two myeloid leukemia cell lines. For MV-4-11, JQ1 mainly inhibited cell cycle by regulating MYC pathway and induced BCL-2-mediated apoptosis to kill myeloid leukemia tumor cells and thus perform anti-tumor effects. K-562 cells showed drug resistance to JQ1 which confirmed that the K-562 cell line has a feedback mechanism that prevents JQ1-induced apoptosis.
DFT study of the radical scavenging activity of isoxanthohumol, humulones (α-acids) and iso-α-acids from beer
Authors: Cvijetić Ilija N. , Bigović Miljan , Ristivojević Petar , Vitorović-Todorović Maja , Zloh Mire , Milojković-Opsenica Dušanka 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Humulones and iso-humulones are potent natural antioxidants found in beer. In this study, density functional theory (DFT) method was applied for elucidating the structure-antioxidant activity relationship and molecular mechanism of antioxidant activity of eight bioactive humulones previously identified in different beer samples: isoxanthohumol, ( R )- and ( S )-adhumulone, cis - and trans -iso-adhumulone, cis - and trans -iso-n-humulone, and desdimetyhyl-octahydro-iso-cohumulone. The calculated bond dissociation enthalpies (BDEs) suggest that desdimethyl-octahydro-iso-cohumulone was the most potent compound with BDEs 5.1 and 23.9 kJ/mol lower compared to the values for resveratrol in gas phase and water, respectively. The enolic –OH is the most reactive site for hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). The presence of β-keto group with respect to enolic –OH diminishes the HAT potency via the formation of a strong intramolecular hydrogen bond. Another common antioxidant mechanism, single electron transfer followed by proton transfer (SET-PT), is only feasible for isoxanthohumol. The results of this study indicate a strong correlation between the increased antioxidant activity of beer products and the higher content of reduced iso-α-acids.
Barriers of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Mothers Attending Primary Health Care Centers in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gohal Gassem , Mustafa Mai Mohamed Elhassan , Al-makramani Ali Ali Ahmed , Ahmed Amani , Elsharief Mohamed , Abdelmola Amani , Awadallah Sara Mohamed 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding is considered the optimal infant feeding method with numerous benefits for both mother and infant. This study aims to assess breastfeeding Knowledge and determine barriers to exclusive breastfeeding among mothers attending the Primary Health Care Centers in Jazan City. The scope of this research is to suggest a strategy for encouraging mothers in Jazan for the crucial needs for exclusive breastfeeding and overcoming the barriers of breastfeeding.Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that included all mothers attending the PHC center. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. SPSS was used for data analysis using the student T-test and ANOVA Test.Results: Most study participants understand breastfeeding's health benefits for babies and mothers, but most believe that synthetic milk is the best alternative for working mothers' to feed their babies. 66.7% of mothers practiced exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of the child's life, and only 28.9% continued exclusive breastfeeding for six months. During the first six months of the child's life, exclusive breastfeeding shows a significant relationship with breastfeeding knowledge and barriers. Sixty percent of mothers have ever had any information about breastfeeding; those who knew the primary source were from their mothers and only 31.4% from hospital staff. Most of the respondents did not agree with the statements given to them as exclusive breastfeeding barriers, which grabs attention to an unexpected response.Conclusions: Most participants have good knowledge concerning breastfeeding benefits for both the mother and infants and disagreed on the mentioned barriers for exclusive breastfeeding that include lack of breastmilk, feel of Fatigue and tiredness, High household burdens, Father does not encourage breastfeeding, use of birth contraception, embarrassment of breastfeeding in public and in front of family members, lack of information and sufficient support and guidance on the importance of B.F., working conditions, bad smell of the nursing mother, transmission of diseases from mother to the child. Health care professionals should actively work hard to encourage mothers, raise their awareness and find the root cause for low exclusive breastfeeding practice rates.
Joint Multi-item Multi-supplier Sustainable Lot-sizing Model Applying Combined BWM, TOPSIS, Possibilistic Programming, and ε-constraint Method
Authors: Shaw Krishnendu , Lahri Vijay , Shankar Ravi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Procurement decisions play a vital part in the sustainable transformation of the supply chain. Till now, a variety of supplier selection and lot-sizing models have been suggested, in particular, focusing on carbon emissions in a deterministic environment. It is noted that stressing only on carbon emissions cannot fully transform a sustainable supply chain. The present study argues that with carbon footprint, other dimensions, such as social sustainability, water footprint, recycled material use, solid and liquid waste, need to be considered in sustainable procurement decisions. To fill the gaps, this study proposed a three-stage multi-objective multi-supplier, multi-period joint supplier selection, and a lot-sizing model, taking into account carbon footprint, water footprint, solid and liquid waste, and use of recycled materials in a stochastic environment. The model optimizes three objectives (cost, carbon emission, and social sustainability). The model considers different model parameters as uncertain, such as costs, emission, solid waste, liquid waste, recycled material, quality rejection, and capacity. The present study suggests how to quantify social sustainability and further use it in the lot-sizing model. The proposed study has been carried out in three stages. In the first stage, BWM (Best-Worst method) and TOPSIS are applied to evaluate suppliers' social scores. In the second stage, the suppliers' social scores are used in the proposed possibilistic lot-sizing model. In the third stage, various trade-off curves are generated by applying the ε-constraint method. The model produces distinct optimal solutions for different uncertainty levels, which are used to create trade-off curves among the cost, emission, and social dimensions. The results facilitate decision-makers to decide the lot-size in an ambiguous environment.
KLECTOR: Design of Low Power Static Random-Access Memory Architecture with reduced Leakage Current
Authors: Tamilarasan Ananth Kumar , Edward Darwin Sundarapandi , Sarasam Arun Samuel Thankamony 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A novel approach called Keeper in LEakage Control Transistor (KLECTOR) is presented in this paper to reduce leakage currents in SRAM architecture. The SRAM is significantly affected by the leakage current during the "standby mode", which is caused by the fabric which has a lower threshold voltage. KLECTOR circuit employs less power consumption by restricting the flow of current through devices of less voltage drops and relies heavily on the self-controlled transistor at the output node. It has been found from the presented results that static (leakage) power in the write operation is reduced to 63% and 69 % for the read operation. This proposed approach is designed and simulated using the Virtuoso, Cadence EDA tool.
ANKIB1 Functions as a Partner of E3 ubiquitin ligase&nbsp;
Authors: Xie Bohong , Ma Zhenling , Yang Zishan , Li Yuanbo , Liu Shirao , Yang Haijie , Wang Lei , Cheng Binfeng , Feng Zhiwei , Xie Yunfei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
ANKIB1 is an RBR domain-containing protein. It has been classified as an E3 ubiquitin ligase for a long time. However, little is known about its E3 ligase activity and related ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s). We investigated the expression pattern, cellular localization, and brain distribution of ANKIB1. Immunoblotting showed that human cancer cell lines had different expression patterns of ANKIB1 with virus-transformed immortal lymphocytes and human brain. Immunocytofluorescence analysis indicated that ANKIB1 was mainly localized in the cytoplasm, and immunohistochemistry staining demonstrated that ANKIB1 was highly expressed in the rat brain cortex but seldom expressed in the basal ganglia. We then performed coimmunoprecipitation, in vitro and in vivo ubiquitination assay to determine whether ANKIB1 functions as an E3 ligase. A panel of class I and class III E2s were tested, of which UbcH8, UbcH10, and UbcH13 were confirmed to interact with ANKIB1. Moreover, ANKIB1 showed E3 ligase activity both in vivo and in vitro, but it promoted protein ubiquitination more efficiently in vivo. These data suggest that ANKIB1 acts as a partner of an E3 ligase complex, and may play important roles in regulating tumorigenesis and brain cortex function.
PPARγ Agonist Pioglitazone Inhibits PDGF-induced Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells Proliferation and Migration via Modulating TERT
Authors: Zhang Qianqian , Feng Wei , Shi Wenhua , Wang Jian , Wang Qingting , Chai Limin , Chen Yuqian , Li Manxiang , Xie Xinming 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Vascular remodeling is a significant feature of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), characterized by abnormal proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) as a determinant factor for controlling telomerase activity has been proved to be associated with cell proliferation. This study aims to explore whether TERT participates in the proliferation of PASMCs and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods: Primary PASMCs of SD rat were used in this experiment. the proliferation and migration of cells were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 and transwell assay, respectively. The telomerase activity was determined by Rat TE ELISA KIT. The siRNA transfection was conducted to silence the expression of c-MYC. the protein levels of p-Akt, c-MYC and TERT were determined through western blotting. Results: We found that PDGF upregulated TERT expression and telomerase activation by activation of Akt and upregulation of c-MYC in PASMCs. Inhibition of Akt by LY294002, knockdown of c-MYC by siRNA or suppression of telomerase activity by BIBR1532 repressed PDGF-induced PASMCs proliferation and migration. Furthermore, activation of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) by pioglitazone suppressed PDGF-induced TERT expression and telomerase activation, leading to inhibition of PASMCs proliferation and migration.Conclusion: our work demonstrates that TERT mediates PDGF-induced proliferation and migration of PASMCs. In addition, activation of PPARγ inhibits these processes via Akt/c-MYC/TERT pathway.
An Sr doping 0.65(Bi0.5Na0.5) TiO3-0.35 (Sr0.7+x+ Bi0.2) TiO3 Ceramic with Tunable Crystal Structures and Energy Storge Performances
Authors: Liu Yiming , Xia Weimin , Li Zhizhong , Lu Danfeng , Feng Yan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A series of 0.65(Bi0.5 Na0.5 )TiO3 -0.35(Sr0.7+x +Bi0.2 )TiO3 (BNT-S0.7+x BT) composite ceramic pellets are synthesized using the traditional solid sintering method, where a tunable x, that is the changeable volume of Sr, is expected to tailor energy storage through the adjustments of the A-site stoichiometry in BNT-S0.7+x BT. We find that a small excess of Sr2+ ions results in an extensively tunning on the crystal grain size and even contributes to the A-site disorder and charge fluctuation of BNT-S0.7+x BT. As such, the BNT-S0.7+x BT exhibits a minimum average grain size and a highly compact crystal morphology. Meanwhile, a relatively thin polarization-electric field (P-E) loop with a high maximum polarization of 42μC/cm2 and a low remnant electric polarization of 5μC/cm2 are obtained in a BNT-S0.75 BT sample under 100 kV/cm, which corresponds to a large energy density of 9.81 J cm-3 . Attractively, this ceramic possesses an excellent temperature stability of polarization performances and strain under high electric field of 100kV/cm, which favors of the energy storage of relaxor ferroelectric ceramics and is valuable to a supercapacitor serving at evaluated high temperature.
Increased Loading Rates During Gait Correlate with Morphology of Unaffected Hip in Juveniles with Treated Developmental Hip Dysplasia
Authors: Lee Wei-Chun , Chen Tsan-Yang , Hung Li-Wei , Wang Ting-Ming , Chang Chia-Hsieh , Lu Tung-Wu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Long-term follow-up studies on children with surgically treated developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) have shown that not only the affected side progresses to premature osteoarthritis, but the unaffected side may also suffer from insidious hip dysplasia or osteonecrosis. The current gait analysis study identified the loading and unloading rates of the ground reaction forces (GRF) and lower limb joint axial forces during gait, and their correlations with the hip morphology in twenty juvenile patients with surgically treated unilateral DDH during toddlerhood. Radiographic measurements of the hips were taken, and the correlations between the morphological parameters and the loading and unloading rates were obtained. The patients showed greater-than-normal peak loading rates of the joint axial forces, and the loading rates on both the affected and unaffected sides were highly correlated to the acetabular index on the unaffected side, which was also significantly correlated with the peak unloading rates on the affected side. These results suggest that apart from regular follow-up of the affected hip, routine assessment of the morphological changes and/or increased loading rates of the unaffected hip is also important for early identification of any signs of insidious hip dysplasia and risk of premature degeneration of the cartilage.
Development and control strategy research for subsea all-electric actuators
Authors: Liu Peng , Wang Kewen , Chen Qianqian , Cao Jinfeng , Liu Jie , Wang Lihui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The development of subsea all-electric Christmas trees is an area of focus in the offshore oil industry worldwide. The main difficulties are associated with the development and control strategies for subsea all-electric actuators, which are the most critical components of subsea Christmas trees. In this paper, a single-motor level fuzzy PID control with an integrated working condition detection module and a 3-motor redundant-level deviation strategy with coupled joint synchronous control were proposed to realize the real-time determination of algorithm parameters according to the working conditions, accelerate convergence to solve the problem of rapid redistribution, maintain the fast speed of the servo motor of the subsea all-electric tree valve actuator, conduct simulation analyses of the synchronous control model, build the synchronous control electrical system and test this system. With the simulation analysis, a synchronous control electrical system was built, tested and verified. The simulation results of the control strategy show that the proposed single-motor fuzzy PID-deviation coupled control strategy in this paper tends to be stable approximately 0.2 s after the system is started; additionally, with this approach, the convergence speed is faster than that of the traditional PID method, tracking errors are highly reduced, and robustness to load shocks is decreased. The test results show that when the inlet pressures are 1.0 MPa, 1.5 MPa and 2.0 MPa and the three servo motors simultaneously work, the control effect is good, the synchronization effect is good. When one servo motor fails, the two redundant servo motors can still control the all-electric valve actuator and provide good synchronization control capabilities. When the inlet pressure is 1.0 MPa, 1.5 MPa and 2.0 MPa, whether the system is in normal operation or a servo motor fails, the vertical and horizontal vibration values of the system are within reasonable ranges. This result verifies that the proposed control strategy yields superior performance in power distribution compared to traditional systems and strong robustness. The synchronous control strategy can be applied to the synchronous control problem of subsea all-electric production systems, which is of great significance for the development of subsea all-electric production systems.
Antibiogram signatures of non-cholera causing Vibrio species recovered from environmental niches in Eastern Cape, South Africa.
Authors: Ayodele Oluwakemi Victoria , Okoh Anthony Ifeanyi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The use of antibiotics globally has helped reduce mortality and morbidity rate due to its ability to effectively treat bacterial infections in both humans and animals. However, the menace of antimicrobial resistance has become a challenge to public health due to its increased mortality and morbidity rate. This study determined the antibiogram pattern of non-cholera causing Vibrio species against a panel of 11 antibiotics that are wildly used for treatment. Multiple antibiotic resistance phenotype, multiple antibiotic resistant indices and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of test antibiotics were also determined.Results: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to confirm 100 isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, 82 and 46 isolates of Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio fluvialis respectively, collected from the culture collections of the Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), University of Fort Hare. Thereafter, disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibiogram pattern of target non-cholera causing Vibrio species against a panel of 11 antibiotics that are of clinical importance. The highest rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus resistance was observed against tetracycline (22 %) and nalidixic acid (16 %). Vibrio fluvialis also displayed highest rate of resistance against tetracycline (28 %) and nalidixic acid (28 %), while Vibrio vulnificus isolates exhibited highest rate resistance against imipenem (40 %) and tetracycline (22 %). A total of 38 MARP patterns were observed and the MAR indices ranged between 0.3 and 0.8. Against the resistant Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio fluvialis isolates, minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from 16 µg/ml to 2048 µg/ml for both tetracycline and nalidixic acid, while against Vibrio vulnificus isolates, minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from 8 µg/ml to 256 µg/ml for both imipenem and nalidixic acid. Conclusions: Results obtained from this study is an indication that antibiotic resistant bacteria that could pose as threat to health of humans and animals are present in the environment.
Printability of variative nanocellulose derived papers
Authors: Ozcan Arif , Tozluoglu Ayhan , Kandirmaz Emine Arman , Tutus Ahmet , Fidan Hakan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The printability properties of the paper can be increased by some processes applied to the surface. The use of non-recyclable materials derived from petroleum is decreasing day by day, and the demand for recyclable materials obtained from renewable sources is increasing. These materials include cellulose derivatives, starch types and polyvinyl alcohol. The materials ratios, sizes, physical and chemical properties of these materials used in the processes applied to the paper and the content of the paper will affect the strength of the paper as well as change the surface properties and significantly affect the printability.In this study, fluting and core board papers coated with different amounts of cellulose nanofiber/ cellulose nanofiber-oxidized (CNF/CNF-OX) were produced. Surface properties, contact angle, surface energy, color and gloss of the produced papers were measured by optical microscope, goniometer, spectrophotometer and glossmeter. The papers were printed with the IGT C1 offset printability tester. The color and gloss properties of the printed papers were measured. As a result, in terms of printability, it was determined that CNF/CNF-OX coated papers have smoother surfaces and give better results in terms of both gloss properties and printability.