bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual gamma oscillations predict sensory sensitivity in females as they do in males
Authors: Manyukhina Viktoriya O. , Rostovtseva Ekaterina N. , Prokofyev Andrey O. , Obukhova Tatiana S. , Schneiderman Justin F. , Stroganova Tatiana A. , Orekhova Elena V. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGamma oscillations are driven by local cortical excitatory (E)–inhibitory (I) loops and may help to characterize neural processing involving excitatory-inhibitory interactions. In the visual cortex reliable gamma oscillations can be recorded with magnetoencephalography (MEG) in the majority of individuals, which makes visual gamma an attractive candidate for biomarkers of brain disorders associated with E/I imbalance. Little is known, however, about if/how these oscillations reflect individual differences in neural excitability and associated sensory/perceptual phenomena. The power of visual gamma response (GR) changes nonlinearly with increasing stimulation intensity: it increases with transition from static to slowly drifting high-contrast grating and then attenuates with further increase in the drift rate. In a recent MEG study we found that theGR attenuationpredicted sensitivity to sensory stimuli in everyday life in neurotypical adult men and in men with autism spectrum disorders. Here, we replicated these results in neurotypical female participants. TheGR enhancementwith transition from static to slowly drifting grating did not correlate significantly with the sensory sensitivity measures. These findings suggest that weak velocity-related attenuation of the GR is a reliable neural concomitant of visual hypersensitivity and that the degree of GR attenuation may provide useful information about E/I balance in the visual cortex.
Tidally modified western boundary current drives interbasin exchange between the Sea of Okhotsk and the North Pacific
Authors: Shu Hung-Wei , Mitsudera Humio , Yamazaki Kaihe , Nakamura Tomohiro , Kawasaki Takao , Nakanowatari Takuya , Nishikawa Hatsumi , Sasaki Hideharu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe interbasin exchange between the Sea of Okhotsk and the North Pacific governs the intermediate water ventilation and fertilization of the nutrient-rich subpolar Pacific, and thus has an enormous influence on the North Pacific. However, the mechanism of this exchange is puzzling; current studies have not explained how the western boundary current (WBC) of the subarctic North Pacific intrudes only partially into the Sea of Okhotsk. High-resolution models often exhibit unrealistically small exchanges, as the WBC overshoots passing by deep straits and does not induce exchange flows. Therefore, partial intrusion cannot be solely explained by large-scale, wind-driven circulation. Here, we demonstrate that tidal forcing is the missing mechanism that drives the exchange by steering the WBC pathway. Upstream of the deep straits, tidally-generated topographically trapped waves over a bank lead to cross-slope upwelling. This upwelling enhances bottom pressure, thereby steering the WBC pathway toward the deep straits. The upwelling is identified as the source of joint-effect-of-baroclinicity-and-relief (JEBAR) in the potential vorticity equation, which is caused by tidal oscillation instead of tidally-enhanced vertical mixing. The WBC then hits the island chain and induces exchange flows. This tidal control of WBC pathways is applicable on subpolar and polar regions globally.
Increased resting-state cerebellar-cortical connectivity in breast cancer survivors with cognitive complaints after chemotherapy
Authors: Park Hye Yoon , Lee Hyeongrae , Sohn Joohyuk , An Suk Kyoon , Namkoong Kee , Lee Eun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCognitive complaints after chemotherapy are common in breast cancer patients, but the neural bases for these complaints remain unclear. This pilot study explored resting-state functional connectivity (FC) as a marker of subtle cognitive changes in breast cancer patients who experience cognitive complaints. Chemotherapy-treated (n = 20, at least 6 months off therapy) and untreated (n = 17, disease-control) female breast cancer patients with cognitive complaints and healthy controls (n = 20) were recruited. The FC of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was calculated, and any correlations between this FC and neuropsychological assessments were determined. Chemotherapy-treated patients with cognitive complaints displayed increased FC between the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and both the contralateral cerebellar lobule VII and the cerebellar vermis XI, compared to the disease-control and healthy-control groups, despite unimpaired neuropsychological performance. The increased FC was negatively correlated with executive function and attention in breast cancer survivors with cognitive complaints. Our pilot study findings provide evidence that cerebellar-cortical FC changes may be a pathophysiological basis for chemotherapy-related cognitive complaints. In addition, the FC changes have the potential to reflect minor or compensated cognitive function impairment in breast cancer patients.
Fingerprints of nonequilibrium stationary distributions in dispersion relations
Authors: Ourabah Kamel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDistributions different from those predicted by equilibrium statistical mechanics are commonplace in a number of physical situations, such as plasmas and self-gravitating systems. The best strategy for probing these distributions and unavailing their origins consists in combining theoretical knowledge with experiments, involving both direct and indirect measurements, as those associated with dispersion relations. This paper addresses, in a quite general context, the signature of nonequilibrium distributions in dispersion relations. We consider the very general scenario of distributions corresponding to a superposition of equilibrium distributions, that are well-suited for systems exhibiting only local equilibrium, and discuss the general context of systems obeying the combination of the Schrödinger and Poisson equations, while allowing the Planck’s constant to smoothly go to zero, yielding the classical kinetic regime. Examples of media where this approach is applicable are plasmas, gravitational systems, and optical molasses. We analyse in more depth the case of classical dispersion relations for a pair plasma. We also discuss a possible experimental setup, based on spectroscopic methods, to directly observe these classes of distributions.
Comparison of the sensitivity of Western blotting between PVDF and NC membranes
Authors: Xiang Yufang , Zheng Yuanyuan , Liu Shaobo , Liu Gang , Li Zhi , Dong Weijie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWestern blotting (WB) is one of the most widely used techniques to identify proteins as well as post translational modifications of proteins. The selection of electroblotted membrane is one of the key factors affecting the detection sensitivity of the protein which is transferred from gel to membrane in WB. The most common used membranes are polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and nitrocellulose (NC) membranes. Which membrane of these two is more suitable for WB has not been reported so far. Here, by incubating proteins which were transferred to PVDF or NC membranes with a series of antibodies and different types of lectins, we investigated the relationship between the binding ability of these two membranes to proteins or glycoproteins and the molecular weight of the target protein. The antibody re-probed ability of the two membranes was also explored. Moreover, we verified the above results by directly incubating proteins having different molecular weights onto PVDF or NC membranes. Bound proteins were stained with direct blue-71, and the staining intensity was quantitated by scanning and densitometry.
Decoding empagliflozin’s molecular mechanism of action in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction using artificial intelligence
Authors: Bayes-Genis Antoni , Iborra-Egea Oriol , Spitaleri Giosafat , Domingo Mar , Revuelta-López Elena , Codina Pau , Cediel Germán , Santiago-Vacas Evelyn , Cserkóová Adriana , Pascual-Figal Domingo , Núñez Julio , Lupón Josep 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe use of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors to treat heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is under investigation in ongoing clinical trials, but the exact mechanism of action is unclear. Here we aimed to use artificial intelligence (AI) to characterize the mechanism of action of empagliflozin in HFpEF at the molecular level. We retrieved information regarding HFpEF pathophysiological motifs and differentially expressed genes/proteins, together with empagliflozin target information and bioflags, from specialized publicly available databases. Artificial neural networks and deep learning AI were used to model the molecular effects of empagliflozin in HFpEF. The model predicted that empagliflozin could reverse 59% of the protein alterations found in HFpEF. The effects of empagliflozin in HFpEF appeared to be predominantly mediated by inhibition of NHE1 (Na+/H+ exchanger 1), with SGLT2 playing a less prominent role. The elucidated molecular mechanism of action had an accuracy of 94%. Empagliflozin’s pharmacological action mainly affected cardiomyocyte oxidative stress modulation, and greatly influenced cardiomyocyte stiffness, myocardial extracellular matrix remodelling, heart concentric hypertrophy, and systemic inflammation. Validation of these in silico data was performed in vivo in patients with HFpEF by measuring the declining plasma concentrations of NOS2, the NLPR3 inflammasome, and TGF-β1 during 12 months of empagliflozin treatment. Using AI modelling, we identified that the main effect of empagliflozin in HFpEF treatment is exerted via NHE1 and is focused on cardiomyocyte oxidative stress modulation. These results support the potential use of empagliflozin in HFpEF.
Tumor metabolism and associated serum metabolites define prognostic subtypes of Asian hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Pomyen Yotsawat , Budhu Anuradha , Chaisaingmongkol Jittiporn , Forgues Marshonna , Dang Hien , Ruchirawat Mathuros , Mahidol Chulabhorn , Wang Xin Wei ,   the TIGER-LC Consortium, Pupacdi Benjarath , Rabibhadana Siritida , Phonphutkul Kannikar , Lertprasertsuke Nirush , Chotirosniramit Anon , Auewarakul Chirayu U. , Ungtrakul Teerapat , Budhisawasdi Vajarabhongsa , Pairojkul Chawalit , Sangrajang Suleeporn , Harris Curtis C. , Loffredo Christopher A. , Wiltrout Robert 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTreatment effectiveness in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) depends on early detection and precision-medicine-based patient stratification for targeted therapies. However, the lack of robust biomarkers, particularly a non-invasive diagnostic tool, precludes significant improvement of clinical outcomes for HCC patients. Serum metabolites are one of the best non-invasive means for determining patient prognosis, as they are stable end-products of biochemical processes in human body. In this study, we aimed to identify prognostic serum metabolites in HCC. To determine serum metabolites that were relevant and representative of the tissue status, we performed a two-step correlation analysis to first determine associations between metabolic genes and tissue metabolites, and second, between tissue metabolites and serum metabolites among 49 HCC patients, which were then validated in 408 additional Asian HCC patients with mixed etiologies. We found that certain metabolic genes, tissue metabolites and serum metabolites can independently stratify HCC patients into prognostic subgroups, which are consistent across these different data types and our previous findings. The metabolic subtypes are associated with β-oxidation process in fatty acid metabolism, where patients with worse survival outcome have dysregulated fatty acid metabolism. These serum metabolites may be used as non-invasive biomarkers to define prognostic tumor molecular subtypes for HCC.
Analyses of the relationship between hyperuricemia and osteoporosis
Authors: Lee Jung Woo , Kwon Bong Cheol , Choi Hyo Geun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between hyperuricemia and osteoporosis in a Korean population. Data from participants of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study who were ≥ 40 years old were collected from 2004 to 2016. Among 173,209 participants, 11,781 with hyperuricemia (> 7.0 mg/dL in men and > 6.0 mg/dL in women) and 156,580 controls were selected based on serum measurements. Odds ratios (ORs) of osteoporosis between individuals with hyperuricemia and controls were analyzed using a logistic regression model. In the adjusted model, age, sex, income group, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia history and nutritional intake were adjusted. The adjusted OR (aOR) of osteoporosis was 0.79 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.71–0.87, P < 0.001]. In subgroup analyses according to age and sex, statistical significance was observed in men > 60 years old and in women > 50 years old. In another subgroup analysis according to past medical history, significant differences were found according to hypertension (aOR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.73–0.94, and 0.75, 95% CI = 0.64–0.87), diabetes mellitus (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.69–0.86), and hyperlipidemia (aOR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.61–0.89, and 0.81, 95% CI = 0.72–0.91). This study demonstrated that hyperuricemia was associated with a decreased risk of osteoporosis.
Molecular insight into COF monolayers for urea sorption in artificial kidneys
Authors: Jahromi Ahmad Miri , Khedri Mohammad , Ghasemi Mehdi , Omrani Sina , Maleki Reza , Rezaei Nima 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUrea removal from an aqueous solution is considered a challenge in the biological process. The state of complete kidney destruction is known as an end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Kidney transplant and hemodialysis are the most common methods for confronting ESRD. More recently, wearable artificial kidney (WAK) devices have shown a significant improvement in urea removal performance. However, low efficiency in physical adsorbents is a barrier in developing them. For the first time, the urea adsorption capacity of five types of last-generation covalent organic framework (COF) nanosheets (NSs) was investigated in this study by applying molecular dynamics (MD) simulation tools. To this end, different analyses have been performed to evaluate the performance of each nanoparticle. The MD all-atom (AA) results demonstrated that all introduced COF NSs had urea removal capacity. Among the five NSs, TPA-COF was shown to have the best outcomes. Moreover, coarse-grained (CG) and density functional theory (DFT) simulations were conducted, and the results show that the TPA-COF nanoparticle modified with –OH functional group has even better properties for urea adsorption. The present molecular study sheds new light on COF NSs as an adsorbent for urea removal.
Predictive values of early head computed tomography for survival outcome after cardiac arrest in childhood: a pilot study
Authors: Tetsuhara Kenichi , Kaku Noriyuki , Watanabe Yuka , Kumamoto Masaya , Ichimiya Yuko , Mizuguchi Soichi , Higashi Kanako , Matsuoka Wakato , Motomura Yoshitomo , Sanefuji Masafumi , Hiwatashi Akio , Sakai Yasunari , Ohga Shouichi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPredicting outcomes of children after cardiac arrest (CA) remains challenging. To identify useful prognostic markers for pediatric CA, we retrospectively analyzed the early findings of head computed tomography (CT) of patients. Subjects were non-traumatic, out-of-hospital CA patients < 16 years of age who underwent the first head CT within 24 h in our institute from 2006 to 2018 (n = 70, median age: 4 months, range 0–163). Of the 24 patients with return of spontaneous circulation, 14 survived up to 30 days after CA. The degree of brain damage was quantitatively measured with modified methods of the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (mASPECTS) and simplified gray-matter-attenuation-to-white-matter-attenuation ratio (sGWR). The 14 survivors showed higher mASPECTS values than the 56 non-survivors (p = 0.035). All 3 patients with mASPECTS scores ≥ 20 survived, while an sGWR ≥ 1.14 indicated a higher chance of survival than an sGWR < 1.14 (54.5% vs. 13.6%). Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging for survivors validated the correlation of the mASPECTS < 15 with severe brain damage. Thus, low mASPECTS scores were associated with unfavorable neurological outcomes on the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category scale. A quantitative analysis of early head CT findings might provide clues for predicting survival of pediatric CA.
Genetic dependency of Alzheimer’s disease-associated genes across cells and tissue types
Authors: Jaladanki Suraj K. , Elmas Abdulkadir , Malave Gabriel Santos , Huang Kuan-lin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEffective treatments targeting disease etiology are urgently needed for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although candidate AD genes have been identified and altering their levels may serve as therapeutic strategies, the consequence of such alterations remain largely unknown. Herein, we analyzed CRISPR knockout/RNAi knockdown screen data for over 700 cell lines and evaluated cellular dependencies of 104 AD-associated genes previously identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and gene expression network studies. Multiple genes showed widespread cell dependencies across tissue lineages, suggesting their inhibition may yield off-target effects. Meanwhile, several genes including SPI1, MEF2C, GAB2, ABCC11, ATCG1 were identified as genes of interest since their genetic knockouts specifically affected high-expressing cells whose tissue lineages are relevant to cell types found in AD. Overall, analyses of genetic screen data identified AD-associated genes whose knockout or knockdown selectively affected cell lines of relevant tissue lineages, prioritizing targets for potential AD treatments.
PB01 suppresses radio-resistance by regulating ATR signaling in human non-small-cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Kim Tae Woo , Hong Da-Won , Hong Sung Hee 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDespite the common usage of radiotherapy for the treatment of human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), cancer therapeutic efficacy and outcome with ionizing radiation remains a challenge. Here, we report the antitumor effects and mechanism of a novel benzothiazole derivative PB01 (4-methoxy-cyclohexane carboxylic acid [2-(3,5-dimethyl-isoxazole-4-yl) sulpanil-benzothiazole-6-yl]-amide) in radiation-resistant human NSCLC cells. PB01 treatment is cytotoxic because it induces reactive oxygen species, ER stress, Bax, cytochrome c expression, the ATR-p53-GADD45ɑ axis, and cleavage of caspase-3 and -9. Additionally, we found that radio-resistant A549 and H460 subclones, named A549R and H460R, respectively, show enhanced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas PB01 treatment inhibits EMT and mediates cell death through ER stress and the ATR axis under radiation exposure in radio-resistant A549R and H460R cells. Together, these results suggest that PB01 treatment can overcome radio-resistance during radiotherapy of NSCLC.
Generalizing game-changing species across microbial communities
Authors: Deng Jie , Angulo Marco Tulio , Saavedra Serguei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Microbes form multispecies communities that play essential roles in our environment and health. Not surprisingly, there is an increasing need for understanding if certain invader species will modify a given microbial community, producing either a desired or undesired change in the observed collection of resident species. However, the complex interactions that species can establish between each other and the diverse external factors underlying their dynamics have made constructing such understanding context-specific. Here we integrate tractable theoretical systems with tractable experimental systems to find general conditions under which non-resident species can change the collection of resident communities—game-changing species. We show that non-resident colonizers are more likely to be game-changers than transients, whereas game-changers are more likely to suppress than to promote resident species. Importantly, we find general heuristic rules for game-changers under controlled environments by integrating mutual invasibility theory with in vitro experimental systems, and general heuristic rules under changing environments by integrating structuralist theory with in vivo experimental systems. Despite the strong context-dependency of microbial communities, our work shows that under an appropriate integration of tractable theoretical and experimental systems, it is possible to unveil regularities that can then be potentially extended to understand the behavior of complex natural communities.
CAPOS: The bulge Cluster APOgee Survey
Authors: Geisler D. , Villanova S. , O’Connell J. E. , Cohen R. E. , Moni Bidin C. , Fernández-Trincado J. G. , Muñoz C. , Minniti D. , Zoccali M. , Rojas-Arriagada A. , Contreras Ramos R. , Catelan M. , Mauro F. , Cortés C. , Ferreira Lopes C. E. , Arentsen A. , Starkenburg E. , Martin N. F. , Tang B. , Parisi C. , Alonso-García J. , Gran F. , Cunha K. , Smith V. , Majewski S. R. , Jönsson H. , García-Hernández D. A. , Horta D. , Mészáros S. , Monaco L. , Monachesi A. , Muñoz R. R. , Brownstein J. , Beers T. C. , Lane R. R. , Barbuy B. , Sobeck J. , Henao L. , González-Díaz D. , Miranda R. E. , Reinarz Y. , Santander T. A. 
Published: June 2021

Context.Bulge globular clusters (BGCs) are exceptional tracers of the formation and chemodynamical evolution of this oldest Galactic component. However, until now, observational difficulties have prevented us from taking full advantage of these powerful Galactic archeological tools.Aims.CAPOS, the bulge Cluster APOgee Survey, addresses this key topic by observing a large number of BGCs, most of which have only been poorly studied previously. Even their most basic parameters, such as metallicity, [α/Fe], and radial velocity, are generally very uncertain. We aim to obtain accurate mean values for these parameters, as well as abundances for a number of other elements, and explore multiple populations. In this first paper, we describe the CAPOS project and present initial results for seven BGCs.Methods.CAPOS uses the APOGEE-2S spectrograph observing in theHband to penetrate obscuring dust toward the bulge. For this initial paper, we use abundances derived from ASPCAP, the APOGEE pipeline.Results.We derive mean [Fe/H] values of −0.85 ± 0.04 (Terzan 2), −1.40 ± 0.05 (Terzan 4), −1.20 ± 0.10 (HP 1), −1.40 ± 0.07 (Terzan 9), −1.07 ± 0.09 (Djorg 2), −1.06 ± 0.06 (NGC 6540), and −1.11 ± 0.04 (NGC 6642) from three to ten stars per cluster. We determine mean abundances for eleven other elements plus the mean [α/Fe] and radial velocity. CAPOS clusters significantly increase the sample of well-studied Main Bulge globular clusters (GCs) and also extend them to lower metallicity. We reinforce the finding that Main Bulge and Main Disk GCs, formed in situ, have [Si/Fe] abundances slightly higher than their accreted counterparts at the same metallicity. We investigate multiple populations and find our clusters generally follow the light-element (anti)correlation trends of previous studies of GCs of similar metallicity. We finally explore the abundances of the iron-peak elements Mn and Ni and compare their trends with field populations.Conclusions.CAPOS is proving to be an unprecedented resource for greatly improving our knowledge of the formation and evolution of BGCs and the bulge itself.