bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neither critical shoulder angle nor acromion index were related with specific pathology 20 years later!
Authors: Björnsson Hallgren Hanna C. , Adolfsson Lars 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The critical shoulder angle (CSA) and the acromion index (AI) are measurements of acromial shape reported as predictors of degenerative rotator cuff tears (RCT) and glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GH OA). Whether they are the cause or effect of shoulder pathologies is uncertain since pre-morbid radiographs most often are lacking. The main aim of this study was to investigate if CSA or AI were related to the development of RCT or GH OA after 20 years. A secondary aim was to investigate if the CSA and AI had changed over time.

Methods
In the hospital archive, 273 preoperative plain shoulder radiographs were found of patients scheduled for elective surgery other than cuff repair and arthroplasty. Forty-five images fulfilled the strict criteria published by Suter and Henninger (2015) and were used to measure CSA and AI with two independent assessors. No patient had any sign of OA in the index radiographs or any information in the medical records indicating RCT. After a median of 20 (16–22) years, 30 of these patients were radiologically re-examined with bilateral true frontal views and ultrasound of the rotator cuff. There were 19 men (20 study shoulders) and 11 females (12 study shoulders).

Results
Mean age at follow-up was 56 (32–78) years. There was no correlation between CSA (r = 0.02) (n.s) or AI (r = − 0.13) (n.s) in the primary radiographs and OA at follow-up. Nor was any correlation found between index CSA (r = 0.12) (n.s) or AI (r = − 0.13) (n.s) and RCT at follow-up. Mean difference in CSA was − 1.7 (− 10–3) degrees and mean AI difference was − 0.04 (− 0.13–0.09) between the first and the second radiographs, 20 years later. Bilaterally, mean CSA was 32 and AI 0.61 at follow-up.

Conclusion
In this study, no correlation between the CSA, AI and development of OA or RCT could be found. The mean CSA and AI decreased over a 20-year period but the difference was very small. No difference was found between the study shoulders and the contralaterals. These findings question previously reported etiological associations between scapular anatomy and the development of OA or RCT and thereby the use of these calculations as the basis of treatment.

Level of evidence
III.
Quantitative Evaluation of Osteocyte Morphology and Bone Anisotropic Extracellular Matrix in Rat Femur
Authors: Ishimoto Takuya , Kawahara Keita , Matsugaki Aira , Kamioka Hiroshi , Nakano Takayoshi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOsteocytes are believed to play a crucial role in mechanosensation and mechanotransduction which are important for maintenance of mechanical integrity of bone. Recent investigations have revealed that the preferential orientation of bone extracellular matrix (ECM) mainly composed of collagen fibers and apatite crystallites is one of the important determinants of bone mechanical integrity. However, the relationship between osteocytes and ECM orientation remains unclear. In this study, the association between ECM orientation and anisotropy in the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular system, which is thought to be optimized along with the mechanical stimuli, was investigated using male rat femur. The degree of ECM orientation along the femur longitudinal axis was significantly and positively correlated with the anisotropic features of the osteocyte lacunae and canaliculi. At the femur middiaphysis, there are the osteocytes with lacunae that highly aligned along the bone long axis (principal stress direction) and canaliculi that preferentially extended perpendicular to the bone long axis, and the highest degree of apatite c-axis orientation along the bone long axis was shown. Based on these data, we propose a model in which osteocytes can change their lacuno-canalicular architecture depending on the mechanical environment so that they can become more susceptible to mechanical stimuli via fluid flow in the canalicular channel.
On subsonic near-wake flows of a space launcher configuration with various base geometries
Authors: Saile Dominik , Kühl Viktor , Gülhan Ali 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Buffet/buffeting as load imposing mechanism on the base structures of space launcher has been of strong interest ever since it was found as partially responsible for the failed flight 157 of Ariane 5. Several studies suggested that the base region is most excited at Mach 0.8. A preceding study of the current series on base flow effects revealed a differing excitation in comparison to the other subsonic Mach number cases. It featured an especially pronounced excitation in the recirculation region. Thus, the current work attempts to answer the question why this case appears to be distinct. This is done by decreasing the relative nozzle length and focusing on the Reynolds stress distribution. The research question is approached by experiments in the ‘Vertical Test Section Cologne’ (VMK) on a base model with supersonic, over-expanded exhaust jet exposed to an ambient flow at Mach 0.8 and a Reynolds number of $$1.4\cdot 10^6$$

1.4
·

10
6

. Data are acquired by means of particle image velocimetry (PIV) and high-speed schlieren imaging. The results reveal that a most unfavorable configuration appears to exist, which is if the mean shear layer reattachment takes place just on the tip of the nozzle.

Graphic abstract
Reliable ligamentous stability and high return-to-sport rates after arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation of tibial eminence fractures
Authors: Lutz Patricia M. , Geyer Stephanie , Winkler Philipp W. , Irger Markus , Berthold Daniel P. , Feucht Matthias J. , Imhoff Andreas B. , Forkel Philipp 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate functional and clinical outcomes, and physical activity after arthroscopic suture fixation of tibial eminence fractures with regard to postoperative stability, range of motion (ROM), complications, and return to sports.

Methods
Patients undergoing arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation (ARIF) of tibial eminence fractures using a suture fixation technique were included. Outcome was evaluated retrospectively after a minimum follow-up of 24 months using KT-1000 arthrometer measurements, clinical examination, outcome scores (Lysholm score, Tegner Activity Scale), and a questionnaire about sport activities.

Results
A total of 23 patients (44% male, 57% female) with a mean age of 25 ± 15 years were included. Mean follow-up was 57 ± 25 months. KT-1000 arthrometer measurements of anterior tibial translation revealed a mean side-to-side difference of 0.9 ± 1.0 mm. Clinical examination showed 100% normal or nearly normal anterior translation of the tibia. Two patients (9%) received an ACL reconstruction due to traumatic ACL re-instability and were, therefore, considered as failures. An extension deficit concerning hyperextension occurred in 29% of patients postoperatively. Further postoperative complications occurred in 14% of patients and included postoperative stiffness with ROM limitations and secondary dislocation of a fragment. Mean postoperative Lysholm score was 89 ± 14. Comparing pre- and postoperative values, no significant change of the Tegner Activity Scale was observed. All patients (failures excluded) returned to high impact sports activities after ARIF.

Conclusion
Excellent reliable ligamentous stability and high rates of return to high impact sports can be expected after ARIF using a suture fixation technique for type II–IV tibial eminence fractures. Complications, such as limitations in ROM, commonly occur in up to 30% after ARIF. Therefore, regular follow-up examinations remain important in this usually young patient cohort.

Level of Evidence
Level IV.
Regulation and function of CX3CR1 and its ligand CX3CL1 in kidney disease
Authors: von Vietinghoff Sibylle , Kurts Christian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAttraction, retention, and differentiation of leukocytes to and within the kidney are governed by chemokines. The chemokine CX3CL1 (fractalkine) and its receptor CX3CR1 are exemplary in this regard as they are highly expressed and further upregulated in a range of kidney diseases. CX3CL1 is chiefly produced by renal endothelium and tubular epithelium, where it promotes leukocyte attraction. Recent data suggest that in addition to established soluble mediators, cellular interactions may enhance CX3CL1 expression. The receptor CX3CR1 is essential in myeloid phagocyte homing to the kidney at homeostasis, after acute cell depletion and in inflammation. CX3CR1 and its ligand are highly regulated in human kidney diseases such as IgA nephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and inflammatory conditions such as transplant rejection. A mechanistic role of CX3CR1 has been established in experimental models of nephrotoxic nephritis and renal candidiasis. It is debated in fibrosis. Recent publications demonstrate a role for CX3CR1+ myeloid cells in radio-contrast-agent and sepsis-induced kidney damage. Systemically, circulating CX3CR1+ monocytes reversibly increase in individuals with renal impairment and correlate with their cardiovascular risk. In this review, we discuss role and regulatory mechanisms of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in both localized and systemic effects of renal inflammation.
LamaH | Large-Sample Data for Hydrology: Big data für die Hydrologie und Umweltwissenschaften
Authors: Klingler Christoph , Schulz Karsten , Herrnegger Mathew 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung„Big data“ ist zwar ein inflationär verwendetes Modewort, aber sehr umfangreiche Datensätze finden auch im Bereich der Hydrologie zunehmend Verwendung. Anhand „large-sample“ (große Stichprobe)-Untersuchungen können Einblicke in hydrologische Prozesse und den hydrologischen Kreislauf gewonnen werden, welche bei kleinräumigen Studien eventuell verwehrt bleiben würden. LamaH (Large-Sample Data for Hydrology) ist ein neuer Datensatz für „large-sample“ Untersuchungen im Zentrum von Europa. Er deckt das gesamte orographische Einzugsgebiet der oberen Donau bis zur Staatsgrenze Österreich/Slowakei sowie alle anderen Einzugsgebiete in Österreich inkl. deren Oberlieger in benachbarten Ländern ab. LamaH umfasst somit eine Fläche von rund 170.000 km2 in 9 verschiedenen Ländern und erstreckt sich dabei von Flachlandregionen mit kontinental geprägtem Klima bis hin zu hochalpinen Zonen mit ganzjähriger Schnee- und Eisbedeckung. Folglich ist eine große Diversität an verschiedenen Eigenschaften in den 859 beobachteten Einzugsgebieten vorhanden, welche anhand von über 60 verschiedenen statischen Attributen in den Kategorien Topographie, Klimatologie, Hydrologie, Landbedeckung, Vegetation, Boden sowie Geologie erfasst wird. LamaH umfasst zudem eine Sammlung an Abflusszeitreihen sowie verschiedenste meteorologische Zeitreihen. Alle Zeitreihen liegen in täglicher und stündlicher Auflösung vor, während alle meteorologischen sowie ein Großteil der Abflusszeitreihen eine Spanne von über 35 Jahren aufweisen. Die Abflusspegel sind ferner mit über 20 verschiedenen Attributen klassifiziert, wobei auch anthropogene Pegelbeeinflussungen sowie Indikatoren für Datenqualität und -vollständigkeit beschrieben werden. Die Struktur von LamaH ist grundsätzlich an jene der CAMELS-Datensätze angelehnt. Im Gegensatz dazu werden bei LamaH Daten jedoch nicht nur für unabhängige und damit teilweise sehr große Einzugsgebiete bereitgestellt, sondern auch für kleinere Zwischeneinzugsgebiete. Erstmals kann dadurch bei hydrologischen „large-sample“-Datensätzen ein großes zusammenhängendes hydrologisches Netzwerk zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Neben den Datengrundlagen, der Methodik der Datenaufbereitung und der räumlichen Verteilung ausgewählter Einzugsgebietseigenschaften werden auch etwaige Unsicherheiten bzw. Limitierungen diskutiert. Des Weiteren sind auch mögliche Anwendungsmöglichkeiten angeführt, schließlich sollte LamaH vor allem als Grundlage für weiterführende Untersuchungen dienen. LamaH kann kosten- und barrierefrei unter 10.5281/zenodo.4525244 bezogen werden.
Deep-MEG: spatiotemporal CNN features and multiband ensemble classification for predicting the early signs of Alzheimer’s disease with magnetoencephalography
Authors: Giovannetti Antonio , Susi Gianluca , Casti Paola , Mencattini Arianna , Pusil Sandra , López María Eugenia , Di Natale Corrado , Martinelli Eugenio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we present the novel Deep-MEG approach in which image-based representations of magnetoencephalography (MEG) data are combined with ensemble classifiers based on deep convolutional neural networks. For the scope of predicting the early signs of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), functional connectivity (FC) measures between the brain bio-magnetic signals originated from spatially separated brain regions are used as MEG data representations for the analysis. After stacking the FC indicators relative to different frequency bands into multiple images, a deep transfer learning model is used to extract different sets of deep features and to derive improved classification ensembles. The proposed Deep-MEG architectures were tested on a set of resting-state MEG recordings and their corresponding magnetic resonance imaging scans, from a longitudinal study involving 87 subjects. Accuracy values of 89% and 87% were obtained, respectively, for the early prediction of AD conversion in a sample of 54 mild cognitive impairment subjects and in a sample of 87 subjects, including 33 healthy controls. These results indicate that the proposed Deep-MEG approach is a powerful tool for detecting early alterations in the spectral–temporal connectivity profiles and in their spatial relationships.
Distributed temporal graph analytics with GRADOOP
Authors: Rost Christopher , Gomez Kevin , Täschner Matthias , Fritzsche Philip , Schons Lucas , Christ Lukas , Adameit Timo , Junghanns Martin , Rahm Erhard 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTemporal property graphs are graphs whose structure and properties change over time. Temporal graph datasets tend to be large due to stored historical information, asking for scalable analysis capabilities. We give a complete overview of Gradoop, a graph dataflow system for scalable, distributed analytics of temporal property graphs which has been continuously developed since 2005. Its graph model TPGM allows bitemporal modeling not only of vertices and edges but also of graph collections. A declarative analytical language called GrALa allows analysts to flexibly define analytical graph workflows by composing different operators that support temporal graph analysis. Built on a distributed dataflow system, large temporal graphs can be processed on a shared-nothing cluster. We present the system architecture of Gradoop, its data model TPGM with composable temporal graph operators, like snapshot, difference, pattern matching, graph grouping and several implementation details. We evaluate the performance and scalability of selected operators and a composed workflow for synthetic and real-world temporal graphs with up to 283 M vertices and 1.8 B edges, and a graph lifetime of about 8 years with up to 20 M new edges per year. We also reflect on lessons learned from the Gradoop effort.
Learning-free pattern detection for manuscript research:
Authors: Mohammed Hussein , Märgner Volker , Ciotti Giovanni 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAutomatic pattern detection has become increasingly important for scholars in the humanities as the number of manuscripts that have been digitised has grown. Most of the state-of-the-art methods used for pattern detection depend on the availability of a large number of training samples, which are typically not available in the humanities as they involve tedious manual annotation by researchers (e.g. marking the location and size of words, drawings, seals and so on). This makes the applicability of such methods very limited within the field of manuscript research. We propose a learning-free approach based on a state-of-the-art Naïve Bayes Nearest-Neighbour classifier for the task of pattern detection in manuscript images. The method has already been successfully applied to an actual research question from South Asian studies about palm-leaf manuscripts. Furthermore, state-of-the-art results have been achieved on two extremely challenging datasets, namely the AMADI_LontarSet dataset of handwriting on palm leaves for word-spotting and the DocExplore dataset of medieval manuscripts for pattern detection. A performance analysis is provided as well in order to facilitate later comparisons by other researchers. Finally, an easy-to-use implementation of the proposed method is developed as a software tool and made freely available.
Validation of tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 as a specific biomarker for preoperative prediction of clear cell carcinoma of the ovary
Authors: Miyagi Etsuko , Arakawa Noriaki , Sakamaki Kentaro , Yokota Naho Ruiz , Yamanaka Takeharu , Yamada Yuki , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Nagao Shoji , Hirashima Yasuyuki , Kasamatsu Yuka , Kato Hisamori , Mogami Tae , Miyagi Yohei , Kobayashi Hiroshi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2) is a novel serum biomarker that discriminates ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC) from borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) and non-clear cell epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs). Here, we examined the performance of TFPI2 for preoperative diagnosis of CCC.

Methods
Serum samples were obtained preoperatively from patients with ovarian masses, who needed surgical treatment at five hospitals in Japan. The diagnostic powers of TFPI2 and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) serum levels to discriminate CCC from BOTs, other EOCs, and benign lesions were compared.

Results
A total of 351 patients including 69 CCCs were analyzed. Serum TFPI2 levels were significantly higher in CCC patients (mean ± SD, 508.2 ± 812.0 pg/mL) than in patients with benign lesions (154.7 ± 46.5), BOTs (181 ± 95.5) and other EOCs (265.4 ± 289.1). TFPI2 had a high diagnostic specificity for CCC (79.5%). In patients with benign ovarian endometriosis, no patient was positive for TFPI2, but 71.4% (15/21) were CA125 positive. TFPI2 showed good performance in discriminating stage II–IV CCC from BOTs and other EOCs (AUC 0.815 for TFPI2 versus 0.505 for CA125) or endometriosis (AUC 0.957 for TFPI2 versus 0.748 for CA125). The diagnostic sensitivity of TFPI2 to discriminate CCC from BOTs and other EOCs was improved from 43.5 to 71.0% when combined with CA125.

Conclusions
High specificity of TFPI2 for preoperative detection of CCC was verified with the defined cutoff level of TFPI2 in clinical practice. TFPI2 and CA125 may contribute substantially to precise prediction of intractable CCC.
A New Technique for Preserving Conservation Laws
Authors: Frasca-Caccia Gianluca , Hydon Peter E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces a new symbolic-numeric strategy for finding semidiscretizations of a given PDE that preserve multiple local conservation laws. We prove that for one spatial dimension, various one-step time integrators from the literature preserve fully discrete local conservation laws whose densities are either quadratic or a Hamiltonian. The approach generalizes to time integrators with more steps and conservation laws of other kinds; higher-dimensional PDEs can be treated by iterating the new strategy. We use the Boussinesq equation as a benchmark and introduce new families of schemes of order two and four that preserve three conservation laws. We show that the new technique is practicable for PDEs with three dependent variables, introducing as an example new families of second-order schemes for the potential Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation.
Forming architectured paper by printing a starch patterned grid: a new low-cost approach for lightweighting packaging
Authors: Viguié Jérémie , Thalhofer Richard , Gourgeon William , Crowther-Alwyn Laura , Lamontagne Kevin , Abderrahmen Robin , Locre Caroline , Guérin David 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTo meet the environmental challenges, the use of plastic packaging must be drastically reduced. Paper-based solutions may be a credible alternative provided that their production cost is reduced. One way may be to improve the paper stiffness to weight ratio. In this work, a simple and low-cost approach is proposed, which consists in printing a patterned grid of starch at the paper surface by using a widespread printing process. With only a small quantity of starch (7 g/m2), the bending stiffness of a packaging paper of 60 g/m2was multiplied by more than a factor three. This improvement originates from the permanent 3D shape the paper unexpectedly took after printing. The printed lines formed “valleys” whereas the unprinted zones were raised, forming “mountains”. Drying shrinkage of the starch is assumed to play a major role, in particular by inducing local buckling of the unprinted zones. In addition, the resulting 3D shape could be interestingly tuned by adjusting the grid pattern. Even if a better understanding is necessary to be able to well control the phenomena, this approach appears relevant to form “architectured” papers with improved bending resistance to weight ratio.
SWOT analysis of renewable energy sector in Mazowieckie Voivodeship (Poland): current progress, prospects and policy implications
Authors: Igliński B. , Skrzatek M. , Kujawski W. , Cichosz M. , Buczkowski R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRenewable energy (RE) plays an increasingly important role in the economy of almost every country in the world. In order to examine the state of renewable energy (RE) in Mazowieckie Voivodeship (Poland), a literature review was carried out, anonymous surveys were conducted, a SWOT (Strenghts, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) and TOWS analysis were carried out and the potential of RE in Mazowieckie voivodship was estimated. The total capacity of all installations is equal to 712 MW. In recent months, number of prosumers have increased to 11,742 in the Voivodeship, and the capacity of their installations is estimated at 66 MW. Simplification of legal regulations and educating society is strongly recommended. Respondents in the survey and SWOT analysis on the future of the energy sector in Mazowieckie Voivodeship show that solar energy (35.5% of respondents) and wind energy (24.5% of respondents) have the greatest chances for the development. Development of the RE sector in the Voivodeship means new jobs, both in this sector and around it. Significant RE potential together with large project financing possibilities may cause Mazowieckie Voivodeship to be a leader in RE production in Poland. It is this Voivodeship (with its capital Warsaw) that can serve as an example of the energy transformation towards 100% RE.
SkePU 3: Portable High-Level Programming of Heterogeneous Systems and HPC Clusters
Authors: Ernstsson August , Ahlqvist Johan , Zouzoula Stavroula , Kessler Christoph 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe present the third generation of the C++-based open-source skeleton programming framework SkePU. Its main new features include new skeletons, new data container types, support for returning multiple objects from skeleton instances and user functions, support for specifying alternative platform-specific user functions to exploit e.g. custom SIMD instructions, generalized scheduling variants for the multicore CPU backends, and a new cluster-backend targeting the custom MPI interface provided by the StarPU task-based runtime system. We have also revised the smart data containers’ memory consistency model for automatic data sharing between main and device memory. The new features are the result of a two-year co-design effort collecting feedback from HPC application partners in the EU H2020 project EXA2PRO, and target especially the HPC application domain and HPC platforms. We evaluate the performance effects of the new features on high-end multicore CPU and GPU systems and on HPC clusters.