bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morbidity and predictors of delayed recognition of iatrogenic ureteric injuries
Authors: Locke Jennifer A. , Neu Sarah , Herschorn Sender 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Although intraoperative iatrogenic ureteric injuries (IUI) are rare, significant consequences can occur if they are unrecognized at the time. The focus of our study is to characterize the associated morbidity and identify predictors of delayed recognition of IUI.
Methods: Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Research Ethics Board approved the study. Patients with a diagnosis of IUI between 2002 and 2020 were identified through an institutional electronic medical record system. Data pertaining to the demographic characteristics, diagnosis, and management of IUI and overall outcomes were collected retrospectively.
Results: Of the 103 patients identified, 83% were female, 52% had previous abdominal surgery, and 18% had previous radiation. The median age was 67 (21–88) years. Twenty percent were not recognized at the time of surgery. Although delayed recognition was not a significant predictor for poor outcome after subsequent repair (i.e., hydronephrosis, ureteric stricture/obstruction), it was associated with substantial morbidity to the patient (i.e., additional procedures) and increased cost to the healthcare system (i.e., longer hospital stay, readmission to hospital). Patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery had an 11 times more likely chance of having an unrecognized IUI as compared to those who underwent open surgery (odds ratio 11.515, p=0.0001).
Conclusions: Delayed recognition of IUI may be associated with considerable adverse effects. In this retrospective case series, we identified laparoscopic surgery as a significant predictor for delayed recognition of IUI. This information underscores the need for future studies to facilitate intraoperative identification of ureteric injuries, particularly during laparoscopic procedures.
Simple prostatectomy using the open and robotic approaches for lower urinary tract symptoms: A retrospective, case-control series
Authors: Golomb Dor , Berto Fernanda Gabrigna , Bjazevic Jennifer , Gomez Jose A. , Chin Joseph L.K. , Luke Patrick P. , Pautler Stephen E. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: We aimed to assess the outcome of our series of simple prostatectomy using the open simple prostatectomy (OSP) and robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) approaches, at our institution.
Methods: A retrospective chart review of men who underwent OSP and RASP at Western University, in London, ON. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data were collected and analyzed.
Results: From 2012–2020, 29 men underwent a simple prostatectomy at our institution. Eight patients underwent an OSP and 21 patients underwent a RASP. The median age was 69 years. Preoperative median prostate volume was 153 cm3 (range 80–432 cm3). The surgical indications were failed medical treatment, urinary retention, hydronephrosis, cystolithiasis, and recurrent hematuria. The median operative time was 137.5 minutes in OSP and 185 minutes in the robotic approach (p=0.04). Median estimated blood loss was 2300 ml (range 600–4000 ml) and 100 ml (range 50–400 ml) in the open and robotic procedures, respectively (p=0.4). The mean length of hospital stay was shorter in the RASP group, one day vs. three days (z=4.152, p<0.005). Perioperative complication rates were significantly lower in the group undergoing RASP, with no complications recorded in this group (p=0.004). Both groups demonstrated excellent functional results, with most patients reporting complete urinary continence (p=0.8).
Conclusions: We report very good perioperative outcomes, with a minimal risk profile and excellent functional results, leading to marked improvement in patients' symptoms at followup after both the OSP and RASP approaches. RASP was associated with a shorter length of hospital stay, decreased blood loss, and a lower complication rate.
Pruning Wastes From Fruit Trees as a Substrate for Pleurotus ostreatus
Authors: Landínez-Torres Angela Yaneth , Pérez Fagua Carmenza , Sanabria López Angie Coraima , Deaquiz Oyola Yuli Alexandra , Girometta Carolina Elena 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Plant material obtained by pruning and production of deciduous fruit trees was evaluated as substrates for the production of the oyster mushroom,
Pleurotus ostreatus
. Lignified branches and stems from peach, apple, and pear trees were processed using a ripping machine to reduce the size of chips and to optimize disinfection.
A completely randomized experimental design was proposed with six treatments (novel substrates) and one absolute control (100% hay substrate). Morphological variables such as thickness and diameter of the pileus, stipe length were assessed, as well as production variables (sprouting, fresh weight, and biological efficiency) and bromatological analysis (ash, ethereal extract, crude fiber, and crude protein).
Apart from the 100%-hay substrate, biological efficiency ranged between 27% (100% apple tree as the substrate) and 140% (50% hay + 50% peach tree as the substrate). According to morphological analysis, the highest diameters were recorded from mixed substrates (50% hay + 50% wood), and a highly significant positive correlation was found between diameter and stipe length. Morphological parameters were not significantly correlated with biological efficiency. Analysis of biological efficiency confirmed that mixed substrates clustered together with 100%-wood substrates.
Bromatological analysis showed that the mixed substrate (50% hay + 50% pear tree) had the highest protein content among the novel tested substrates. Bromatological parameters were not significantly correlated with biological efficiency.
In conclusion, pruning residues from fruit trees can be valuable by using them as substrates for the cultivation of
P. ostreatus
. Production is quantitatively competitive with that using hay, on the condition that wood is mixed with hay.
The role of religiosity in the etiology of vaginismus in the light of socio-cultural features: The case of Turkey
Authors: AKTAN MUTLU Elif , KOC Mustafa 
Published: August 2021

Objective: Vaginismus is the most common female sexual dysfunction in Turkey and Middle East countries. Looking at the medical
literature related to vaginismus, studies/patients have concentrated in the Middle east geographic area. Turkey is a developing, secular
country located between Middle East and Europe with a mostly Muslim population. Many factors have been discussed in the etiology
including psychosocial, cultural, biological and sexual causes. Religious beliefs of a person in the form of religiosity affect all social and
spiritual spheres of his/her life in some way positively or negatively. One of the most affected life areas by religious beliefs is sexual
life, which has a lots of taboos. In this study we aimed to compare religious belief levels that are thought to be effective in the etiology
of vaginismus between patients and healthy controls and to discuss some of the other socio-cultural features.
Methods: 49 patients and 37 healthy volunteers were included. Sociodemographic data form, religious life scale and a form of common
sexual myths were used as the measurement tools.
Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the participants with and without vaginismus in terms of education
duration, working status, occupations, economical status, longest living place and marriage type (p>0.05 for all). No statistically
significant difference was found between the belief, emotions, behaviour, knowledge and total scores of both groups in terms of the
presence of vaginismus (p>0.05for all).
Conclusions: In conclusion, most of the sociodemographic data involved in the etiology of vaginismus, including religiosity, can be
equalized for both groups - with or without vaginismus - over time in the changing world and in life and mental factors can remain as
independent variables therefore expanding our research in this direction will help us understand this disorder better. In addition, it
can be considered that male hegemon culture is one of the important factors in the etiology of vaginismus. The interpretation of
religion with a male -dominated language may be a result of this hegemon culture.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Abbreviated Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Abbreviated Breast MRI)
Authors: IKİZCELİ Turkan , GULSEN Gokce 
Published: August 2021

Objective: Abbreviated Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a fast and a selected scan, used for screening women at high risk of breast cancer. The objective of this study is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of a new shortened Abbreviated Protocol (AP) relative to Full Diagnostic Protocol (FDP).
Methods: 206 breast MRIs were evaluated, respectively. AP was derived from the FDP and re-recorded. The new report was compared with the report of the previous FDP. The interpretation time of the shortened protocol was recorded. The results of the two protocols in terms of finding the lesion were compared using sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV according to the histopathology results.
Results: 124 of 206 MRIs were malignant and 82 of 206 MRIs were benign. The average interpretation time was 58±35s with AP. The MIP sequence evaluation time was only 17±12s. The PPV, NPV, sensitivity and specificity values for AP MRI were 93.0%, 94.8%, 96.77%, 96.8% and 89.0% respectively. The PPV, NPV, sensitivity and specificity values for FDP MRI were 94.5%, 96.2%, 97.6% and 91.5% respectively. There was no significant difference in sensitivity and specificity for both protocols (p< 0.05).
Conclusion: AP is a new and shorter version of a Breast MRI. The diagnostic accuracy of abbreviated breast MRI for the detection of breast lesions shows a high level of sensitivity and specificity, with the advantages of shortening both the exam time and the interpretation time.
Pulmonary Aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients
Authors: KARA Sibel , ORUÇ Ebru , EKİCİ ÜNSAL Zuhal , ALIŞKAN H. Eda , AKÇAY Şule 
Published: August 2021

Objective: Although pulmonary aspergillosis (PA) is often seen in patients with immunodeficiency, it also identifies a number of clinical diseases that cause morbidity and mortality, which can also occur in patients with immunodeficiency. The aim of this study was to investigate the disease patterns, demographic and clinical features, treatment and prognosis of pulmonary aspergillosis in immune competent patients.
Method: Our study is a descriptive cross-sectional study in which the data of immunocompetent patients diagnosed with PA in our hospital between January 2010 and Decenber 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Patients over the age of 18 with a diagnosis of PA were included in the study. Demographic and clinical features, radiological findings, diagnosis and treatment methods and prognoses of the patients were recorded.
Results: 8 of the patients were female, 3 were male and the mean age was 61 (53 ± 69). Nine patients were diagnosed with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis and two patients were diagnosed with IPA. Four of the patient diagnosed with KPA were chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis, one was chronic fibrosing pulmonary aspergillosis, two were aspergilloma and two were aspergillus nodules. The most common comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (45.4%) and in total, 72.7% of patients had chronic lung disease such as COPD-asthma, tuberculosis, bronchiectasis. Cough, sputum and hemoptysis (90%, 72.7%, 45.4%, respectively) were the most common symptoms. The most common radiological finding on thorax tomography was crescent sign-cavity (72.7%). The diagnostic method used was mostly bronchoalveolar lavage and wedge resection/ lobectomy (45.4%, respectively). It was observed that eight (72.7%) patients were given voriconazole and three (27.2%) other patients surgical procedure performed and one patient was lost after surgery.
Conclusions: Although pulmonary aspergilosis is more frequently seen in immunocompromised patients with malignancy, solid organ and hematological transplants, it has now begun to be seen in immune competent patients. The majority of our patients were middle-aged, women and smokers, people with comorbidity such as DM and chronic lung disease. Therefore, we would like to point out that pulmonary aspergillosis should be kept in mind among differential diagnoses, especially in patients with immunocompetent with comorbidity such as chronic lung disease and DM.
Study of the Emotional Well-Being of Students in the Process of Education in the Modern School
Authors: Meshko Halyna M. , Meshko Oleksandr I. , Trubavina Iryna M. 
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the current problem of the modern school - the emotional well-being of students in the learning process. The study analyzes the role of the emotional component in students' learning activities, the impact of emotions on learning outcomes, and the importance of emotional well-being in maintaining and strengthening their health. The purpose of the study was to identify the causes of emotional discomfort of students in the learning process, the ways to ensure the emotional well-being of students, the implementation of which will improve learning success, maintain and strengthen students' health. The following methods were used to study the state of the emotional well-being of the students: 1) a questionnaire developed by the authors of the research to study the emotional well-being of students at school; 2) the method of assessment of mental activation, interest, emotional tone, tension and comfort, created by L. Kurganskyi and his colleagues; 3) a card to identify factors of learning success. The results of the study showed a low level of the emotional well-being of students in modern schools. Based on the analysis of the study outcomes, the causes of emotional discomfort of students in the learning process are identified. The possibility of improving the effectiveness of learning, educational achievements of students by ensuring their emotional well-being in the learning process is described. Practical ways to improve the emotional well-being of students in the modern school and the formation of their emotional health are outlined and substantiated.
The Exchange Rate Analysis of Fishery Product Processors in Bandung Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Gumilar Iwang , Zharfan Husna Adilah , Rizal Achmad , Nurhayati Atikah 
Published: August 2021

This study is about the analysis of the exchange rate of fishery product processors (NTPI) in Bandung Regency. This study aims to analyze the NTPI in Bandung Regency and analyze the price index of processed fishery products in Bandung Regency to find out the level of welfare. The method used in this study is a survey method with interview techniques using questionnaire, the types of data collected include primary data and secondary data. The research data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis methods. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the NTPI in Bandung Regency as a whole, both processing bloater, shredded fish, and fish balls has an NTPI > 100 which indicates that fishery processors in Bandung Regency are at a prosperous level and prices increase in the base year and 2021 only occurred in processed fish floss and fish balls although they were not large, while in the processed bloater there was no price increase at all from the base year until 2021.
Action of PGL(2,q) on the Cosets of the Centralizer of an Eliptic Element
Authors: Kimani Patrick Mwangi , Adicka Daniel 
Published: August 2021

Most researchers consider the action of projective general group on the cosets of its maximal subgroups leaving out non-maximal subgroups. In this paper, we consider the action of centralizer of an elliptic element which is a non maximal subgroup . In particular, we determine the subdegrees, rank and properties of the suborbital graphs of the action. We achieve this through the application of the action of a group by conjugation. We have proved that the rank is q and the subdegrees are and .
Design of a Reversible Cholinesterase Inhibitor Mamentine HCL Nanogel: Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation
Authors: Mohapatra Subhasri , Jain Sourabh , Shukla Karunakar 
Published: August 2021

Memantine hydrochloride is a is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, low-moderate affinity, uncompetitive n-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, with strong voltage dependency and rapid blocking/unblocking kinetics. The present study was explore the potential of thermosensitive nanogel of mamentine loaded nanoparticle. In situ gel choosing due to restrict unwanted exposure in blood and other healthy tissues, thus eliminate hemolytic side effects of the drug and offer easy administration in vivo. Nanoparticle prepared by ionic gelation method and further the dried nanoparticle incorporates with in situ gel. The in situ gel prepared by cold method using the solutions of Poloxamer-188 and Carbopol-934. The Transmission electron microscopy showed the spherical particles with smooth surface which was in conformity with the SEM and Zetasizer data for particle size. The pH of the formulations was found to be satisfactory and was in the range of 6.8±0.039 -7.4±0.053 and also mucoadhesive strength was show in table. The mucoadhesive strength of all formulations was varies from 2398±0.0004 to 4945±0.0002 dynes/cm2. In-vitro diffusion study of the in situ gel (N1-N8) was performed using modified Franz diffusion cell with dialysis membrane in phosphate buffer pH 6.5 for a period of 24 hours. The in vitro release study were fitted into various kinetic models viz zero order, first order, higuchi model and korsmeyer peppas equation. Stability studies for optimized formulations were carried out at 4.0 ± 0.5°C and 37 ± 0.5ºC for a period of four weeks. There was no significant variation found in physical appearance, average particle size and % drug content of the in situ nanogel N2. No visible changes in the appearance of the gel formulation were observed at the end of the storage period.
Resistance Profile and Molecular Characterization of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae Strains Responsible for the 2016 to 2018 Epidemic in Republic of Benin (West Africa)
Authors: Akpo Eliane Assiba Olorun-Kosun , Dougnon Tamegnon Victorien , Sacheli Rosalie , Agbankpe Alidehou Jerrold , Houngbégnon Olivia Mariette Yégbandé , Melin Pierrette , Bankole Honoré Sourou 
Published: August 2021

Aims: This study aims to characterize of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae strains for improved cholera surveillance in Benin.
Methodology: 304 diarrheal stool samples were collected from people with watery diarrhea of unknown etiology and vomiting during epidemics from 2016 to 2018 in Benin. Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae strains were isolated and then biochemical tests, serogrouping and serotyping were performed. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using the disc diffusion method and E-tests. Multiplex and real-time PCR were used to identify and detect virulence genes (CtxA, OmpW and TcpA).
Results: The results showed a 21.71% prevalence of toxigenic Vibrio cholera in Benin. All strains were Vibrio cholerae O1 serotype Inaba (100%) and showed a high sensitivity to doxycycline (96.97 %), chloramphenicol (95.45 %) and ciprofloxacin (90.91 %). However, antibiotic resistance was observed, especially for erythromycin (74.24 %), Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (71.21 %) and ampicillin (43.94 %). The CtxA and TcpA virulence genes were respectively detected in 100% and 96.97% of the toxigenic strains of V. cholerae isolated. While the OmpW gene was identified on all the toxigenic strains of Vibrio cholerae isolated.
Conclusion: Vibrio cholerae strains isolated from patients suspected of cholera were highly virulent and resistant to antimicrobials.
Intermediaries and cross‐examination resilience in children: The development of a novel experimental methodology
Authors: Henry Lucy A. , Crane Laura , Millmore Amanda , Nash Gilly , Wilcock Rachel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExperimental studies examining child 'witnesses' under cross‐examination typically rely on researchers questioning children using a 'barrister's script'. In the current research, experienced barristers used a defence statement from a mock perpetrator (who committed a theft 11 months earlier) to challenge typically developing children's evidence under cross‐examination. We also assessed whether Registered Intermediaries (RIs), trained professionals who facilitate communication between vulnerable witnesses and members of the justice system, help children reduce compliance with misleading cross‐examination suggestions. Results demonstrated that children (6–11 years) complied with barristers' challenges to a high degree: 94% agreed with at least one of the barristers' seven false suggestions. However, when assisted by an RI, children were significantly less compliant with barrister challenges. These findings, and additional analyses of the nature of child responses and barrister questions, provide novel exploratory evidence for the beneficial role of RIs in tempering the adverse effects of cross‐examination style questioning for children.
Selectively Fluorinated Furan‐Phenylene Co‐Oligomers Pave the Way to Bright Ambipolar Light‐Emitting Electronic Devices
Authors: Koskin Igor P. , Becker Christina S. , Sonina Alina A. , Trukhanov Vasiliy A. , Shumilov Nikita A. , Kuimov Anatoly D. , Zhuravleva Yuliya S. , Kiseleva Yuliya O. , Shundrina Inna K. , Sherin Peter S. , Paraschuk Dmitry Yu. , Kazantsev Maxim S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLinearly conjugated oligomers attract ever‐growing attention as promising systems for organic optoelectronics because of their inherent lucky combination of high charge mobility and bright luminescence. Among them, furan‐phenylene co‐oligomers (FPCOs) are distinguished by outstanding solubility, very bright luminescence, and good hole‐transport properties; however, furan‐containing organic semiconductors generally lack electron transport, which makes it impossible to utilize them in efficient light‐emitting electronic devices, specifically, ambipolar light‐emitting transistors. In this work, 1,4‐bis(5‐phenylfuran‐2‐yl)benzene (FP5) derivatives are synthesized with the fully/partially fluorinated central and edge phenyl rings. It is shown that the selective fluorination of FPCOs lowers the energies of frontier molecular orbitals, maintaining the bandgap, solubility, and bright luminescence, dramatically improves the photostability, tunes the π‐π stacked packing, and allows the first realization of electron transport in FPCOs. It is found that selectively fluorinated 2,2′‐(2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐1,4‐phenylene)bis[5‐(3,5‐difluorophenyl)furan] demonstrates well‐balanced ambipolar charge transport and efficient electroluminescence in an organic light‐emitting transistor (OLET) with external quantum and luminous efficiencies as high as 0.63% and 5 cdA−1, respectively, which are among the best reported for OLETs. The findings show that “smart” fluorination is a powerful tool to fine‐tune the stability and performance of linearly conjugated small molecules for organic optoelectronics.