bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of financial instability on subjective well-being: a preference-based approach
Authors: Polyzos Stathis , Abdulrahman Khadija , Dandu Jagadish 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the link between banking crises and the subjective well-being of individuals. In addition, the authors examine the transmission of crises from the banking sector to well-being and show that negative financial shocks have significant adverse effects.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ agent-based modeling to test for the direct and indirect welfare effects of banking crises. The model includes a support vector machine (SVM) optimized subjective well-being function. The existing literature suggests that this is influenced by both the negative psychological effects of recessions and the adverse economic effects of income loss and increased unemployment.FindingsThe authors show that the different choices of policy response to a banking crisis carry different opportunity costs in terms of welfare and that societal preferences should be taken into account. The authors demonstrate that these effects influence different population classes in an asymmetric manner. Finally, the results demonstrate that the welfare loss of a bank failure is much higher than the cost of a bailout.Practical implicationsThe authors are able to propose to the authorities the best policy mix in order to handle banking crises in the most adequate manner, according to society's preferences between financial stability and public goods.Social implicationsThe findings extend the existing literature on subjective well-being, by quantifying the welfare cost of banking crises and showing that authorities should reconsider bank bailouts as a policy solution to bank distress.Originality/valueThe originality of this article lies in the use of an agent-based model to model the relationship between societal well-being and financial stability. Also, the authors extend existing agent-based methodologies to include machine learning optimization techniques.
Empirically revisiting a social class scheme for mental health in Barcelona, Spain
Authors: Bartoll-Roca Xavier , Julià Albert 
Published: March 2021

PurposeSocial inequalities in mental health can be captured by occupational situation and social class stratification. This study analyzes the adequacy of a classification of work and employment conditions and an adaptation of the Goldthorpe social class scheme in relation to mental health in Barcelona, Spain.Design/methodology/approachMultiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (CA) on working and employment conditions were used to empirically construct distinctive working groups. Through 2 logistic regression models, we contrasted the association between mental health and (1) the cluster of employment and working conditions (with 4 categories: insiders, instrumental, precarious and peripheral workers), and (2) a standard Spanish version of the Goldthorpe social class scheme. The performance of the 2 models was assessed with Akaike and Bayesian information criteria. The analyses were carried out using the Barcelona Health Survey (2016) including the labor force population from 22 to 64 years of age.FindingsWide inequalities were found in mental health with both class schemes. The empirical class scheme was more effective than the Goldthorpe social class scheme in explaining mental health inequalities. In particular, precarious and peripheral workers in the MCA-CA analysis, together with unemployed workers, emerged as distinctive social groups apparently masked within the lower social class in the standard scheme. When using the standard scheme, the authors recommend widening the scope at the bottom of the social class categories while shrinking it at the top as well as considering unemployed persons as a separate category to better represent mental health inequalities.Social implicationsThe working poor appear to report at least as much poor mental health as unemployed persons. Policies aimed at more inclusive work should consider job quality improvements to improve the mental well-being of the labor force.Originality/valueOur study examines the utility of social classes to explain mental health inequalities by comparing an empirically based social class to the Spanish adaptation of the Goldthorpe classification.
Welfare effects of limiting bank loans
Authors: Bose Arup , Pal Debashis , Sappington David 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
This paper examines the effects of limiting the number of loans a bank can issue, reflecting a policy recently implemented by the US Federal Reserve.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper does so in a streamlined model of the banking sector.

Findings
This paper finds that a binding limit on loans can enhance welfare by motivating the bank to reduce the number of socially unproductive loans it makes. However, the limit can sometimes reduce welfare by inducing a reduction in the number of socially productive loans the bank issues, the quality of the bank’s loan portfolio, and/or the accuracy with which the bank screens loan opportunities.

Practical implications
The research demonstrates that limits on the loans a bank issues can have subtle and unintended consequences. Consequently, careful thought is warranted before such limits are imposed.

Originality/value
To our knowledge, the existing literature does not provide guidance on the merits of such loan restrictions.
The impact of heuristic and herding biases on portfolio construction and performance: the case of Greece
Authors: Gavrilakis Nektarios , Floros Christos 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify whether heuristic and herding biases influence portfolio construction and performance in Greece. The current research determines the situation among investors in Greece, a country with several economic problems for the last decade.Design/methodology/approachA survey has been conducted covering a group of active private investors. The relationship between private investors' behavior and portfolio construction and performance was tested using a multiple regression.FindingsThe authors find that heuristic variable affects private investor's portfolio construction and performance satisfaction level positively. A robustness test on a second group, consisting of professional investors, reveals that heuristic and herding biases affect investment behavior when constructing a portfolio.Practical implicationsThe authors recommend investors to select professional's investment portfolio tools in constructing investment portfolios and avoid excessive errors, which occur due to heuristic. The awareness and understanding of heuristic and herding could be helpful for professionals and decision-makers in financial institutions by improving their performance resulting in more efficient markets.Originality/valueThe main contribution of this paper lies in the fact that it is the first study on two major behavioral dimensions that affect the investor's portfolio construction and performance in Greece. The rationale of the current research is that the results are helpful for investors in order to take rational, reliable and profitable decisions.
The composite alliance of FTO locus with obesity‐related genetic variants
Authors: Chauhdary Zunera , Rehman Kanwal , Akash Muhammad Sajid Hamid 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObesity has become a genuine global pandemic due to lifestyle and environmental modifications, and is associated with chronic lethal comorbidities. Various environmental factors such as lack of physical activity due to modernization and higher intake of energy‐rich diets are primary obesogenic factors in pathogenesis of obesity. Genome‐wide association study has identified the crucial role of FTO (fat mass and obesity) in human obesity. A bunch of SNPs in the first intron of FTO has been identified and subsequently correlated to body mass index and body composition. Findings of in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies have manifested the robust role of FTO in regulation of energy expenditure and food consumption. Numerous studies have highlighted the mechanistic pathways behind the concomitant functions of FTO in adipogenesis and body size. Current investigation has also revealed the link of FTO neighbouring genes i.e., RPGRIP1L, IRX3 and IRX5 and epigenetic factors with obesity phenotypes. The motive behind this review is to cite the consequences of FTO on obesity vulnerability.
Livestock exclusion reduces the spillover effects of pastoral agriculture on soil bacterial communities in adjacent forest fragments
Authors: Wu Jieyun , Buckley Hannah L. , Curry Liz , Stevenson Bryan A. , Schipper Louis A. , Lear Gavin 
Published: March 2021

SummaryForest‐to‐pasture conversion is known to cause global losses in plant and animal diversity, yet impacts of livestock management after such conversion on vital microbial communities in adjoining natural ecosystems remain poorly understood. We examined how pastoral land management practices impact soil microorganisms in adjacent native forest fragments, by comparing bacterial communities sampled along 21 transects bisecting pasture–forest boundaries. Our results revealed greater bacterial taxon richness in grazed pasture soils and the reduced dispersal of pasture‐associated taxa into adjacent forest soils when land uses were separated by a boundary fence. Relative abundance distributions of forest‐associated taxa (i.e., Proteobacteria and Nitrospirae) and a pasture‐associated taxon (i.e., Firmicutes) also suggest a greater impact of pastoral land uses on forest fragment soil bacterial communities when no fence is present. Bacterial community richness and composition were most related to changes in soil physicochemical variables commonly associated with agricultural fertilization, including concentrations of Olsen P, total P, total Cd, delta 15N and the ratio of C:P and N:P. Overall, our findings demonstrate clear, and potentially detrimental effects of agricultural disturbance on bacterial communities in forest soils adjacent to pastoral land. We provide evidence that simple land management decisions, such as livestock exclusion, can mitigate the effects of agriculture on adjacent soil microbial communities.
Equity Crowdfunding Founder Teams: Campaign Success and Venture Failure
Authors: Coakley Jerry , Lazos Aristogenis , Liñares‐Zegarra José M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper examines whether solo founders are more likely to succeed in an initial equity crowdfunding (ECF) campaign and are subsequently less likely to fail than founder teams for a large sample of initial ECF campaigns conducted on the three largest UK platforms: Crowdcube, Seedrs and SyndicateRoom. The results show that solo founders have a lower probability of conducting successful initial ECF offerings than founder teams, and are also more likely to fail thereafter. The implication that founder teams enjoy more success is due to the fact that the quality of their human capital may likely attract professional investors who can act as a certification effect. Likewise, the monitoring role of professional investors helps to minimize moral hazard concerns and thus lowers the likelihood of failure for ECF founder teams. The results also establish that founder team human capital characteristics are significant determinants of initial ECF campaign outcomes and venture failure.
Myoprotein–phytophenol interaction: Implications for muscle food structure‐forming properties
Authors: Guo Anqi , Xiong Youling L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPhenolic compounds are commonly incorporated into muscle foods to inhibit lipid oxidation and modify product flavor. Those that are present in or extracted from plant sources (seeds, leaves, and stems) known as “phytophenols” are of particular importance in the current meat industry due to natural origins, diversity, and safety record. Apart from these primary roles as antioxidants and flavorings, phytophenols are now recognized to be chemically reactive with a variety of food constituents, including proteins. In processed muscle foods, where the structure‐forming ability is critical to a product's texture‐related quality attributes and palatability, the functional properties of proteins, especially gelation and emulsification, play an essential role. A vast amount of recent studies has been devoted to protein–phenol interactions to investigate the impact on meat product texture and flavor. Considerable efforts have been made to elucidate the specific roles of phytophenol interaction with “myoproteins” (i.e., muscle‐derived proteins) probing the structure‐forming process in cooked meat products. The present review provides an insight into the actions of phytophenols in modifying and interacting with muscle proteins with an emphasis on the reaction mechanisms, detection methods, protein functionality, and implications for structural characteristics and textural properties of muscle foods.
Photo‐identification comparison of four Indo‐Pacific humpback dolphin populations off southeast China
Authors: TANG Xiaoming , LIN Wenzhi , KARCZMARSKI Leszek , LIN Mingli , CHAN Stephen C.Y. , LIU Mingming , XUE Tianfei , WU Yuping , ZHANG Peijun , LI Songhai 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIndo‐Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) inhabit shallow coastal waters of the Indo‐Pacific region including southeast China, with at least 6 putative populations identified to date in Chinese waters. However, the connectivity among these populations has not yet been fully investigated. In the present study, we compared and cross‐matched photographic catalogs of individual dolphins collected to date in the Pearl River Delta region, Leizhou Bay, Sanniang Bay, and waters southwest of Hainan Island, a total of 3158 individuals, and found no re‐sighting of individual dolphins among the 4 study areas. Furthermore, there was a notable difference in the pigmentation pattern displayed by individuals from these 4 regions. We suggest that this may be a phenotypical expression of fine‐scale regional differentiation among humpback dolphin groups, possibly distinct populations. Given the considerable conservation management implications it may carry (e.g. definition of management units), further research is much needed.
Endometrial osseous metaplasia in a patient with secondary infertility referred for hysterosalpingogram with ultrasound
Authors: Peart Jane , Pillay Sunil 
Published: March 2021

SummaryEndometrial osseous metaplasia is a rare entity resulting in the formation of trabecular bone fragments within the uterine cavity and frequently presents as secondary infertility with a history of previous pregnancy loss or termination. The unusual transvaginal ultrasound appearances are important to recognise, as fertility is often restored after hysteroscopic removal of the bone fragments from the uterine cavity.
Systematics and convergent evolution in three Australian genera of Pepsinae spider wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
Authors: Shimizu Akira , Pitts James P , Rodriguez Juanita , Wahis Raymond , Yoshimura Jin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe treat the Australian spider wasp ‘Ctenocerini’, revising the systematics of Maurillus Smith, adding a new species Maurillus argenticapitis Pitts & Shimizu sp. nov. and describing two new monobasic genera Maurilloides Pitts & Shimizu gen. nov. based on Maurilloides nigrisoma Pitts & Shimizu sp. nov. and Evansiclavelia Pitts, Rodriguez & Shimizu gen. nov. based on Evansiclavelia poecilopteryx Pitts, Rodriguez & Shimizu sp. nov. We further discuss the phylogenetic position of Maurillus and the convergent evolution of the modification in head and pronotal structures occurring in the above three genera, as well as in pompilids from other subfamilies, that parasitise trapdoor spiders.
Surgical applied anatomy: alive and kicking
Authors: Farley Edward , Hindmarch Jake , Eizenberg Norman , Midwinter Mark 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundContention exists amongst anatomists, clinicians and surgeons about how much anatomical knowledge medical students need, although what is taught should be aligned with current surgical practice. The aim of this study was to explore the scope of recent advances in applied anatomy as highlighted in the ANZ Journal of Surgery in each of the surgical specialties.MethodsThe 2018 volume of the ANZ Journal of Surgery was narrowed to 254 articles by applying the search term ‘anatomy’. The main topic was extracted from each paper. The content of the paper was assessed for ‘novel description’ or ‘novel application’ of anatomical knowledge and classified accordingly.ResultsMost papers with an anatomical focus were from general surgery, which focused on surgical techniques, outcomes and management. Vascular surgery had the highest percentage of papers with a novel description and application of anatomy. Although cardiothoracic and paediatric surgery had no papers with a novel description of anatomy, novel applications of anatomy were a focus in each speciality.ConclusionThe trend towards novel applications of anatomical knowledge in all surgical specialties should encourage medical schools to shape their anatomy curricula in tandem with such advances as they evolve. The high proportion of novel applications and descriptions of anatomy in general surgery indicates continued growth as a benchmark of anatomical understanding. Vascular surgery's proportion of novel application and description of anatomy may change the way students will learn vascular anatomy to incorporate endovascular, radiologically based approaches.
Warning: Bilateral trade agreements do not create trade
Authors: Chafer C. , Gil‐Pareja S. , Llorca‐Vivero R. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTBoth bilateral and plurilateral trade agreements have grown in number over the past three decades, but their potential impact on trade may be different. This paper sheds light on the ex post (partial) effect of bilateral versus plurilateral trade agreements using the most recent econometric developments for the gravity equation on a dataset that covers 211 countries and territories over the period 1948–2013. Our results show that plurilateral trade agreements have significantly increased trade among trading partners, while this has not been the case for bilateral trade agreements.
Tertiary lymphoid structures show infiltration of effective tumor‐resident T cells in gastric cancer
Authors: Mori Takuya , Tanaka Hiroaki , Suzuki Shugo , Deguchi Sota , Yamakoshi Yoshihito , Yoshii Mami , Miki Yuichiro , Tamura Tatsuro , Toyokawa Takahiro , Lee Shigeru , Muguruma Kazuya , Wanibuchi Hideki , Ohira Masaichi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSeveral studies have reported that tissue‐resident memory T cells (TRM cells) or tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are associated with a good prognosis. The aim of this study was to clarify the association of TRM cells and TLSs in the tumor immune microenvironment in gastric cancer (GC). We performed immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining to detect the presence of CD103+ T cells and to assess the association between CD103+ T cells and TLSs. CD103+ T cells were observed in the tumor epithelium accompanied by CD8+ T cells and were associated with a better prognosis in GC. Furthermore, CD103+ T cells were located around TLSs, and patients with CD103high had more rich TLSs. Patients who had both CD103high cells and who were TLS‐rich had a better prognosis than patients with CD103low cells and who were TLS‐poor. Moreover, for patients who received PD‐1 blockade therapy, CD103high and TLS‐rich predicted a good response. Flow cytometry was performed to confirm the characteristics of CD103+CD8+ T cells and showed that CD103+CD8+ T cells in GC expressed higher levels of PD‐1, granzyme B, and interferon‐γ than CD103−CD8+ T cells. Our results suggested that CD103+CD8+ cells in GC are correlated with TLSs, resulting in enhanced antitumor immunity in GC.
Red blood cell distribution width in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation: Implications for outcomes
Authors: Valenti Anna Chiara , Vitolo Marco , Manicardi Marcella , Arrotti Salvatore , Magnavacchi Paolo , Gabbieri Davide , Tondi Stefano , Guiducci Vincenzo , Losi Luciano , Vignali Luigi , Sgura Fabio Alfredo , Boriani Giuseppe 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundRed cell distribution width (RDW) is recently emerging as a prognostic indicator in many cardiovascular diseases. However, less is known about its predictive role in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).MethodsWe retrospectively included very high‐risk patients with severe aortic valve stenosis undergoing TAVI between February 2012 and December 2019. Patients were classified according to RDW tertiles. Our primary endpoint was long‐term all‐cause mortality. The secondary endpoint was a composite of in‐hospital major adverse events as defined by the Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 criteria and/or long‐term all‐cause mortality.ResultsA total of 424 patients [median age 83.5 years, 52.6% females] were analysed. After a median follow‐up of 1.55 years, all‐cause mortality was 25.5%. At the multivariate‐adjusted Cox regression analysis, patients in the highest RDW tertile were associated with a higher risk for all‐cause mortality [hazard ratio [HR] 1.73, 95%confidence interval [CI] 1.02‐2.95] compared with the lowest tertile. When considering RDW as a continuous variable, we found an 11% increased risk in overall mortality [HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.00‐1.24] for each increased point in RDW. The highest RDW tertile was also independently associated with the occurrence of the composite endpoint [odds ratio [OR] 2.10, 95% CI 1.17‐3.76] compared with lower tertiles.ConclusionsIn our cohort, elevated basal RDW values were independent predictors of increased long‐term mortality and higher rate of in‐hospital adverse events. The inclusion of a routinely available biomarker as RDW, may help the pre‐operative risk assessment in potential TAVI candidates and optimise their management.
Clinical outcomes after intravesical bacillus Calmette–Guérin for the highest‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer newly defined in the Japanese Urological Association Guidelines 2019
Authors: Miyamoto Tatsuki , Miyake Makito , Toyoshima Yuta , Fujii Tomomi , Shimada Keiji , Nishimura Nobutaka , Iida Kota , Nakahama Tomonori , Hori Shunta , Gotoh Daisuke , Nakai Yasushi , Torimoto Kazumasa , Tanaka Nobumichi , Ohbayashi Chiho , Fujimoto Kiyohide 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo assess the clinical outcomes of highest‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer patients treated with intravesical bacillus Calmette–Guérin.MethodsThe medical charts of patients with non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer treated with intravesical bacillus Calmette–Guérin between 2000 and 2018 at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were stratified into three groups (intermediate‐, high‐ and highest‐risk groups) according to the risk classification of the updated Japanese Urological Association guidelines 2019. Among the three groups, the intravesical recurrence‐free survival and progression‐free survival were estimated and compared, respectively. Furthermore, the different types of risk factors in the highest‐risk group were analyzed.ResultsOf the 165 patients, 49 (30%) patients had intravesical recurrence and 23 (14%) patients showed progression to muscle‐invasive disease during a median follow‐up period of 53 months. Significant differences were not noted in the recurrence‐free survival and progression‐free survival among the three groups. Multivariable survival analysis of 74 patients in the highest‐risk group showed that carcinoma in situ in the prostatic urethra was a significant predictor associated with recurrence (hazard ratio 3.20, P = 0.026) and progression (hazard ratio 4.36, P = 0.013).ConclusionsIntravesical bacillus Calmette–Guérin can control highest‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer in most patients. Our findings might aid in decision‐making regarding the treatment of this subset of patients who require intensive treatment, such as intravesical therapy with bacillus Calmette–Guérin and radical cystectomy.