bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achieving superiorly highheat‐dimensionalstability, high strength, and good electrochemical performance for electrospun separators in powerlithium‐ionbattery through building unique condensed structure based on polyimide and poly (m‐phenylene isophthalamide)
Authors: Xu Jiali , Yuan Li , Liang Guozheng , Gu Aijuan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIt is still a challenge for simultaneously achieving high heat resistance, high strength and outstanding electrochemical performance for separators in power lithium‐ion battery (PLB). Herein, new high performance electrospun separators are developed through building unique structure based on polyimide (PI) and poly (m‐phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA). Orthogonal tests (44) show that the magnitude order of electrospinning factors on the morphology of membrane is concentration>injection rate>receiving distance>voltage. With the optimum factors, the electrospun membrane (PI/PMIA) was prepared, which was further pressed at 100°C for 10 min to get treated membrane (H‐PI/PMIA). Interestingly, the comprehensive performance of PI/PMIA is not a simple combination of those of PI and PMIA; instead, PI/PMIA has much better thermal and mechanical properties than both PI and PMIA, proving that PI/PMIA has a synergistic effect. PI/PMIA and H‐PI/PMIA not only have good ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability, but also have superiorly high properties including dimensional stability (thermal shrinkage temperature>300°C), tensile strengths (24.1 MPa for PI/PMIA, 34.3 MPa for H‐PI/PMIA) and capacity retentions (97.9%, 99.2%) compared with electrospun membranes for PLBs reported in the literature so far (SCI database). The mechanism behind these attractive performances is discussed from condensed structure of membranes.
Mechanical and scratch behaviors of polyrotaxane‐modified poly(methyl methacrylate)
Authors: Molero Glendimar , Tsai Chia‐Ying , Liu Cong , Sue Hung‐Jue , Uenuma Shuntaro , Mayumi Koichi , Ito Kohzo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe mechanical and scratch behaviors of polyrotaxane (PR) modified poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were investigated. PR is a necklace‐like supramolecule with rings threaded onto a linear backbone chain that is capped by bulky end groups. Cyclodextrin (CD) serves as the ring structure and can be functionalized to induce specific interactions with the hosting polymer matrix. To systematically investigate the effect of CD functionalization on the mechanical properties of PMMA, PR with polycaprolactone (PCL) grafted chains on CD, and PR with methacrylate functional groups at the terminal of the PCL grafted chains on CD were chosen for this study. Tensile and compressive true stress–strain tests, ASTM scratch test, and coefficient of friction measurements were conducted to fundamentally understand how PR influences the mechanical and scratch behaviors of PMMA. Additionally, dielectric relaxation spectroscopy and dynamic mechanical analysis were conducted to explore how PR influences the relaxation dynamics of PMMA. The above findings suggest that the methacrylate functional group on PR induces favorable molecular interactions with PMMA matrix, leading to enhanced molecular cooperativity during deformation, which in turn improves tensile and compressive properties and achieves greatly improved scratch resistance.
The contaminated analyst and transgenerational trauma in Abkhazia après‐coup
Authors: Ivanishvili Khatuna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe Covid‐19 pandemic lockdown and restrictions imposed on freedom of movement in Georgia and the economic collapse as a result, evoked psychotic anxieties in society and revived a traumatic not‐too‐distant past that has not actually been worked through. Fear of an unknown virus and danger has turned into a feeling of war, which was so familiar and constant in the immediate past of Georgian history: the Soviet‐Union, the 1991–1993 Civil War, the contant threat of Russia which occupied two regions of Georgia, Abkhazia and South Ossetia. In this paper, I try to explain how the current traumatic situation in Georgia related to Covid‐19 gave après‐coup a new meaning to the transgenerational trauma. I presented the material of two of my patients, whose childhood was affected by the war in Abkhazia (1992–1993), the conflict that followed the declaration of independence of Georgia and led to the Russian occupation of its territories. Because of my contamination with Covid‐19 in transference–countertransference, the Covid turned into an inner conflict. The need and inevitability of informing patients about my infection caused a counter‐transference acting out with paranoid‐schizoïd splitting, projective identifications, unbearable pain and guilt, fear of starvation, and reparation.
Psychometric properties of the Cambridge‐Mindreading Face‐Voice Battery for Children in children with ASD
Authors: Rodgers Jonathan D. , Lopata Christopher , Booth Adam J. , Thomeer Marcus L. , Donnelly James P. , Rajnisz Christian J. , Wood Joseph T. , Lodi‐Smith Jennifer , Kozlowski Karl F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study examined the psychometric characteristics of the Cambridge‐Mindreading Face‐Voice Battery for Children (CAM‐C) for a sample of 333 children, ages 6–12 years with ASD (with no intellectual disability). Internal consistency was very good for the Total score (0.81 for both Faces and Voices) and respectable for the Complex emotions score (0.72 for Faces and 0.74 for Voices); however, internal consistency was lower for Simple emotions (0.65 for Faces and 0.61 for Voices). Test–retest reliability at 18 and 36 weeks was very good for the faces and voices total (0.76–0.81) and good for simple and complex faces and voices (0.53–0.75). Significant correlations were found between CAM‐C Faces and scores on another measure of face‐emotion recognition (Diagnostic Analysis of Nonverbal Accuracy‐Second Edition), and between Faces and Voices scores and child age, IQ (except perceptual IQ and Simple Voice emotions), and language ability. Parent‐reported ASD symptom severity and the Emotion Recognition scale on the SRS‐2 were not related to CAM‐C scores. Suggestions for future studies and further development of the CAM‐C are provided.Lay summaryFacial and vocal emotion recognition are important for social interaction and have been identified as a challenge for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Emotion recognition is an area frequently targeted by interventions. This study evaluated a measure of emotion recognition (the CAM‐C) for its consistency and validity in a large sample of children with autism. The study found the CAM‐C showed many strengths needed to accurately measure the change in emotion recognition during intervention.
Early social rearing, the V1A arginine vasopressin receptor genotype, and autistic traits in chimpanzees
Authors: Weiss Alexander , Wilson Vanessa A. D. , Hopkins William D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPrevious studies found associations between autism‐related phenotypes and both rearing and V1A arginine vasopressin receptor (AVPR1A) genotypes. We tested whether these exposures as well as their interaction were associated with autism‐related phenotypes in 121 laboratory‐housed chimpanzees. We used expert‐derived weights to obtain autism scores from ratings on the 43‐item Chimpanzee Personality Questionnaire; higher scores indicated more autistic‐like traits. The first model included fixed effects for sex, age, and rearing, and a random effect that addressed the relatedness of subjects. The second model was the same except that it also included the rearing × AVPR1A genotype interaction as a fixed effect. Both models indicated that the phenotype was moderately heritable and that chimpanzees reared by their mothers had lower scores on the scale. The effect of genotype in both models indicated that chimpanzees with an indel deletion had higher scores on the scale, although the credible interval included zero. Moreover, the rearing × genotype interaction in the second model indicated that chimpanzees who possessed the non‐deletion genotype and who were reared by their mother were at even greater risk. The credible interval for this effect did not include zero, but fit statistics indicated that the model without the interaction was marginally better, and the interaction was in the opposite direction than we expected based on previous work. These findings highlight the importance of rearing effects in the typical social development of our closet‐living nonhuman relative.Lay summaryWe tested whether, in chimpanzees, scores on a scale comprising traits that resembled aspects of autism were related to a gene associated with autism in prior research and/or early rearing. Human‐reared chimpanzees had higher scores (indicating more autistic‐like traits). Chimpanzees that possessed the gene also had higher scores, but we could not exclude the possibility that there was no effect of genotype. These findings suggest that we can measure autism‐like characteristics in chimpanzees, and so study it in this species.
Ratiometric fluorescent probe for tetracycline detection based on waste printing paper
Authors: Liu Jing , Wang Tengfei , Wang Zhaoli , Zou Xue , Wang Wenjun , Zhang Shengli , Gong Zhengjun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTetracycline (TC) is a broad‐spectrum antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. In this study, a ratiometric fluorescence (FL) probe was developed to detect TC in water samples using waste printing paper extract as a FL indicator. For this ratiometric probe, the emission of printing paper extract at 436 nm gradually decreased and the emission of a mixed solution at 538 nm significantly increased with the sequential addition of TC upon excitation at 390 nm, coupled with a marked FL colour change from bright blue to faint yellow. Therefore, a ratiometric F538/F436 FL probe was created for TC detection by simply mixing the printing paper extraction and TC. Under the optimized conditions, a linear range from 1 to 100 μM and a detection limit of 0.48 μM (S/N = 3) for TC were obtained. Importantly, the FL probe can be easily prepared with rapid response, high sensitivity, and good selectivity. The application of waste printing paper extract for detection of TC in environmental water samples was demonstrated.
Selective and sensitive turn on fluorescence cyanide recognition in aqueous medium based on Zn(II)–hydrazone metal complex chemosensor
Authors: Bouhadir Kamal H. , Elaridi Jomana , Sonji Ghassan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDetection and quantification of the cyanide ion (CN−) has attracted considerable attention because of its extreme toxicity. A novel Zn(II)‐complex, applicable as a fluorescent chemosensor for CN− recognition, was synthesized in excellent yields from the reaction of zinc sulfate with the novel hydrazone: 3‐(amino‐9H‐purin‐yl)‐N′‐(hydroxybenzylidene) propanehydrazide. The structures of the hydrazone (L) and the zinc–hydrazone complex (L.Zn) were characterized by ultraviolet‐visible spectrophotometry, Fourier‐transform infrared spectrometry, mass spectrometry, proton‐ and carbon‐13‐nuclear magnetic resonance. The sensing performance of the proposed chemosensors, L and L.Zn, towards common ions was investigated via naked‐eye studies as well as absorption and emission spectral analysis. Hydrazone (L) efficiently functioned as a fluorescence sensor for aluminum ions (Al3+) and zinc ions (Zn2+) with large binding constants, and exhibited colorimetric and fluorometric responses for several basic anions: OH−, CO32−, HCO3−, HSO3−, CH3COO− and CN−. However, L.Zn showed quick, sensitive and specific enhancement of fluorescence intensity towards CN− anion, and a linear relationship was observed as the concentration of CN− varied from 1 to 14 μM. The detection limit was determined to be 0.14 μM, which is lower than the 1.9 μM maximum value recommended by the World Health Organization for drinking water. The practical performance of the sensor was successfully demonstrated using various environmental water samples spiked with cyanide ion.
Retracted: Systemic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by inhaled paraquat in rat improved by carvacrol, possible role of PPARγ receptors
Authors: Amin Fatemeh , Memarzia Arghavan , Kazemi Rad Hamideh , Shakeri Farzaneh , Boskabady Mohammad Hossein 
Published: June 2021

AbstractControl rats were exposed to saline aerosol, two groups were exposed to paraquat (PQ), 27 (PQ‐L) and 54 (PQ‐H) mg/m3 aerosols and six groups were treated with carvacrol, 20 (C‐L) and 80 (C‐H) mg/kg/day, pioglitazone, 5 (Pio‐L) and 10 (Pio‐H) mg/kg/day, C‐L+Pio‐L and dexamethasone, 0.03 mg/kg/day, for 16 days after the end of exposure to PQ‐H. Different variables were measured after the end of treatment period. Total and differential white blood cells counts, nitrite, malondialdehyde, interleukin (IL)‐10, and interferon‐gamma levels were significant increased, but thiol, superoxide dismutase, catalase, IL‐17, and tumor necrosis factor alpha were decreased in the blood due to both doses of PQ (p < 0.05–p < 0.001). Most measured parameters were significantly improved in treated groups with both doses of carvacrol, pioglitazone, the combination of C‐L+Pio‐L and dexamethasone compared to PQ‐H group (p < 0.05–p < 0.001). Treatment with C‐L+Pio‐L showed significantly higher effects compared to each one alone (p < 0.05–p < 0.001). Systemic oxidative stress and inflammation due to inhaled PQ were improved by carvacrol and pioglitazone. Higher effects of C‐L+Pio‐L than each one alone suggests carvacrol modulating PPAR‐γ receptors.
Microaerobic growth‐decoupled production of α‐ketoglutarate and succinate from xylose in a one‐pot process using Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Tenhaef Niklas , Kappelmann Jannick , Eich Arabel , Weiske Marc , Brieß Lisette , Brüsseler Christian , Marienhagen Jan , Wiechert Wolfgang , Noack Stephan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundLignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant raw material on earth. Its efficient use for novel bio‐based materials is essential for an emerging bioeconomy. Possible building blocks for such materials are the key TCA‐cycle intermediates α‐ketoglutarate and succinate. These organic acids have a wide range of potential applications, particularly in use as monomers for established or novel biopolymers. Recently, Corynebacterium glutamicum was successfully engineered and evolved towards an improved utilization of d‐xylose via the Weimberg pathway, yielding the strain WMB2evo. The Weimberg pathway enables a carbon‐efficient C5‐to‐C5 conversion of d‐xylose to α‐ketoglutarate and a shortcut route to succinate as co‐product in a one‐pot process.Methods and ResultsC. glutamicum WMB2evo was grown under dynamic microaerobic conditions on d‐xylose, leading to the formation of comparably high amounts of succinate and only small amounts of α‐ketoglutarate. Subsequent carbon isotope labeling experiments verified the targeted production route for both products in C. glutamicum WMB2evo. Fed‐batch process development was initiated and the effect of oxygen supply and feeding strategy for a growth‐decoupled co‐production of α‐ketoglutarate and succinate were studied in detail. The finally established fed‐batch production process resulted in the formation of 78.4 mmol L−1 (11.45 g L−1) α‐ketoglutarate and 96.2 mmol L−1 (11.36 g L−1) succinate.ConclusionThe developed one‐pot process represents a promising approach for the combined supply of bio‐based α‐ketoglutarate and succinate. Future work will focus on tailor‐made down‐stream processing of both organic acids from the fermentation broth to enable their application as building blocks in chemical syntheses. Alternatively, direct conversion of one or both acids via whole‐cell or cell‐free enzymatic approaches can be envisioned; thus, extending the network of value chains starting from cheap and renewable d‐xylose.
Using lysozyme amyloid fibrils as a means of scavenging aggregation‐inhibiting compounds
Authors: Ziaunys Mantas , Mikalauskaite Kamile , Sakalauskas Andrius , Smirnovas Vytautas 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins is linked to several amyloidoses, including neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease. Currently there are very few effective cures or treatments available, despite countless screenings and clinical trials. One of the most challenging aspects of potential anti‐amyloid drug discovery is finding which molecules are the actual inhibitors out of mixtures, which may contain hundreds of distinct compounds. Considering that anti‐amyloid compounds would interact with the aggregate, this affinity could be used as a means of separating such compounds from ineffective ones. In this work, we attempt to scavenge potential aggregation‐inhibiting molecules out of four, different complexity mixtures, ranging from oxidized gallic acid to tea extract, using lysozyme amyloid fibrils. We show that these compounds bind to aggregates with high affinity and can be later separated from them by different methods.
The duality of risk from threats: Are homicidal threats a novel determinant for suicide risk?
Authors: Basocak Ruby , Nargundkar Apurva , Warren Lisa J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSuicide and homicide have long been considered to sit at opposing ends of a continuum of deliberate harm, initially emerging as separate fields of practice. While it is now accepted that suicide and homicide are associated, the evidence base for how they are associated is far from complete. Surfacing from this body of knowledge are questions of clinical and ethical responsibilities, such as assessors of risk to moving to a default position of evaluating risk to self and others, regardless of which is the presenting problem. The current study examined longitudinal suicide risk among those known to have uttered homicidal threats. 757threateners, known to the health and/or criminal justice systems for threatening to kill a person other than themselves, were examined via case matching methodology to reveal deaths recorded in a national coronial database. Over the follow up period, 11% of the threateners died, and over half of them (57.5%) perished from suicide. Threateners who died lost on average 47 years of potential life. That is, they lost more than half their life when compared to the average life expectancy of Australians. Further offending was also associated with higher mortality as was having a history of mental health treatment. This study provides support for the duality of risk from uttered threats as threatening homicide was found to be a novel predictor of suicide risk.
Comparative Quantitative Study of Ardisiacrispin A in Extracts from Ardisia crenata Sims Varieties and Their Cytotoxic Activities
Authors: Podolak Irma , Żuromska‐Witek Barbara , Grabowska Karolina , Żebrowska Sara , Galanty Agnieszka , Hubicka Urszula 
Published: June 2021

AbstractArdisia crenata Sims (Primulaceae) occurs in natural habitats in two varieties, bearing red or white fruits. While roots of the red‐berried ardisia are valued as a medicinal product, the pharmacological activity of which is attributed to triterpene saponins, including ardisiacrispin A, data on the white‐berried variety are scarce. A TLC‐densitometric method was developed and validated to estimate the levels of saponins, calculated as ardisiacrispin A, in different plant parts in both varieties. Their content amounted to 22.17±4.75 and 25.72±1.46 mg/g d.w. in roots, and 2.64±0.74 and 3.43±0.70 mg/g d.w. in fruits of red‐berried and white‐berried ardisia, respectively. Assessment of cytotoxicity of ardisiacrispin A and A. crenata extracts on a panel of human cancer cell lines revealed a similar effect of root extracts from both varieties, with the highest potency against melanoma WM793 and colon cancer Caco2. Thus, roots of the white‐berried variety may be treated as a substitute for red‐berried ardisia and serve as an alternative source for the acquisition of plant material rich in bioactive saponins.
Improving Catalytic Activity and Reversing Enantio‐Specificity of ω‐Transaminase by Semi‐Rational Engineering en Route to Chiral Bulky β‐Amino Esters
Authors: Wang Yingang , Feng Jinhui , Dong Wenyue , Chen Xi , Yao Peiyuan , Wu Qiaqing , Zhu Dunming 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe application of wild‐type ω‐transaminase was limited by steric hindrance towards bulky substrates, therefore improvement of the catalytic efficiency and stereoselectivity toward substrates with two bulky substituent adjacent to the carbonyl is of general interest. In this study, according to the double substrate binding pocket theory, a (S)‐selective ω‐transaminase from the Burkholderia vietnamiensis G4, which showed puny catalytic activity toward the β‐keto esters with small steric hindrance, was engineered to accept bulky β‐keto esters, which were not accessible by any wild‐type enzyme. A few desired variants were obtained that exhibited activity toward bulky β‐keto esters. Furthermore, a substrate‐dependent shift in enantio‐preference of HBV variant towards β‐keto esters with linear or branched aliphatic substituents was observed. The best variant was applied to the asymmetric synthesis of aliphatic β‐amino acids at semi‐preparative scale with high yield and enantioselectivity. This study will improve the general understanding and inspire further engineering work for reversing enantio‐specificity of ω‐transaminases.
Bottom‐Up Design of a Grafted Organic Selenide Interface for Sensitive Electrocatalytic Detection of Peroxynitrite
Authors: Kalil Haitham , Fouad Farid , Azeroual Sami , Bose Tiyash , Bayachou Mekki 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPeroxynitrite is a reactive species that emerged as a major cytotoxic agent implicated in a host of pathophysiological conditions. Reports emphasized deleterious physiological reactivity of peroxynitrite with various cell components. Accurate determination of peroxynitrite concentration is inherently difficult. Detection methods based on electrochemistry are relatively limited and the pursuit of viable electrochemical probes or catalytic materials as interfaces for efficient peroxynitrite detection is still underway. We prepared and characterized a functional thin‐film material based on an organic selenide (4,4’ diaminodiphenyl selenide) grafted on graphite electrodes and used the interface in sensitive electrochemical determination of peroxynitrite. We characterized the grafted film material on the graphite interface using various physicochemical methods. We show that peroxynitrite is electrocatalytically oxidized on the grafted selenide film. The grafted functional film material showed a significant electrocatalytic enhancement in the presence of peroxynitrite compared to controls. The selenide‐based peroxynitrite sensors show a sensitivity of 200 nA/μM and a lower limit of detection of 250 nM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a grafted selenium‐based material on an electrode is used for catalytic detection and quantification of peroxynitrite.
Advancing Electrolyte Solution Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry of Divalent Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Hui , Ryu Jaegeon , Shao Yuyan , Murugesan Vijayakumar , Persson Kristin , Zavadil Kevin , Mueller Karl T. , Liu Jun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDivalent metal (Mg, Ca, etc.) battery chemistries potentially provide a sustainable long‐term technical solution for large‐scale energy storage because of the high natural abundance of divalent metal elements in the earth crust. Good progress has been made on materials especially electrolyte development in the past years; however, significant challenges exist, particularly the very limited fundamental understanding of electrolyte solution chemistry and interfacial electrochemistry. In this perspective, we review and discuss key discoveries and understanding of divalent battery chemistry with a focus on electrolyte‐dependent interfacial electrochemistry of divalent metal anodes. A concise review of electrolyte development, operando studies of the electrified interfaces, and unique charge‐transfer process is provided; the knowledge gaps and future research directions are discussed.