bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Carbon Materials in Aqueous Zinc Ion Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Wang Ziting , Zhang Maoqin , Ma Weiting , Zhu Junbo , Song Weixing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractZinc‐ion storage is a promising electrochemical energy field due to loads of its advantages like easy preparation, environmental friendliness, high safety performance, and high capacity. Carbon materials have been widely studied for zinc‐ion storage due to their extraordinary properties such as earth‐abundancy, low‐cost, good electrical conductivity, various structures, and good stability. This article reviews some widely used carbon materials in zinc ion storage devices, including hollow carbon spheres, activated carbon, N‐doped porous carbon, graphene, and carbon nanotubes. The unique roles and advantages of these carbon materials in both zinc ion supercapacitors and zinc ion batteries are emphasized. Characteristics and functionalizations of different carbon materials are also comparatively discussed in view of zinc‐ion energy storage devices. Finally, some challenges and perspectives of carbon materials in zinc‐ion energy storage are outlined.
Automated generation of terminological dictionary from textual business rules
Authors: Haj Abdellatif , Balouki Youssef , Gadi Taoufiq 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo support decision making, organizations tend to operate according to Business Rules, which are usually represented in a natural language format easily understood by all intervenors. According to the business rules manifesto by the Business Rules Group (OMG), rules build on facts, and facts build on concepts as expressed by terms. To avoid ambiguity and misunderstanding, the standardization of the terminology used at the business level becomes a persistent need. However, doing so manually is error prone and time consuming, especially that the Business Rules are the subject of continuous updating. In this paper, we present an automated approach to generate the Business Vocabulary from textual statements of Business Rules. Our approach is distinguished from existing works in that it extracts the Terminological Dictionary as described by the Semantic of Business Vocabulary and Rules (SBVR) standard to provide a more comprehensive meaning for each concept. Accordingly, an in‐depth Natural Language Processing (NLP) is used to extract not only flat list of terms and relations, but also extra specifications and implicit knowledge. With a satisfactory result, our approach has proved its capability to automatically generate the SBVR Terminological Dictionary from large number of natural language business rules statements.
Simultaneous determination of 34 chemical pesticides in red chili using gas chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometer
Authors: R Harischandra Naik , K Pavankumar , S Pallavi M , M Bheemanna , R Udaykumar Nidoni 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA multi‐residue analytical method for analysis of 34 pesticides was standardized and validated using gas chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. The calibration curve constructed for each pesticide was linear over the concentration of 10 to 100 μg/L and the correlation coefficient ranged between 0.998 and 0.999. The limit of quantification and detection were in the range of 1.6 to 3.5 and 4.9 to 10.5 μg/kg, respectively. The sample preparation technique involving solid‐phase extraction using primary secondary amine and magnesium sulfate with acetonitrile provided acceptable recoveries in the range of 70.60 to 119.56% for 10 μg/kg, 70.12 to 115.58% for 50 μg/kg, and 71.51 to 118.11 for 100 μg/kg spiking levels with acceptable relative standard deviation. The field‐collected red chili samples were screened and the pesticide residues were quantified by using gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The mean residues of red chili samples assessed for the potential risk to consumers showed no risk.
Recent progress on lanthanide scintillators for soft X‐ray‐triggered bioimaging and deep‐tissue theranostics
Authors: Jiang Mingyang , Deng Zhiming , Zeng Songjun , Hao Jianhua 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLanthanide scintillators capable of converting the absorbed X‐ray photon energy to ultraviolet (UV) or visible light, are emerged as promising nanoprobes for multifunctional diagnosis and deep‐tissue antitumor therapy such as X‐ray‐excited fluorescence (XEF) imaging, X‐ray‐triggered photodynamic therapy (X‐PDT), and soft X‐ray‐activated NO gas therapy. Such biomedical tools have the potential to overcome the major challenge of the depth barrier suffered by traditional optics. Recently, various lanthanide scintillators have been designed for diagnosis and therapy of deep‐seated tumors. This minireview presents an overview of recent progress on the lanthanide‐based scintillators and illustration of the potential challenges and future development.
Synthesis, structures, photoluminescence and magnetic properties of three dinuclear lanthanide(III) complexes derived from 4‐fluorophenylselenoacetic acid
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhang Ru‐Fen , Ru Jing , Wang Jing , Li Qian‐Li , Ma Chun‐Lin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThree novel dinuclear lanthanide(III) complexes [Ln2L6(phen)2] (Ln=EuIII (1), TbIII (2), Dy III (3)), derived from 4‐fluorophenylselenoacetic acid and 1,10‐phenanthroline, have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TGA, powder X‐ray diffraction and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction reveal they are isostructural and crystallize in the monoclinic crystal system, space group P2(1)/c. The investigations on luminescent properties of Eu(III) complex 1 and Tb(III) complex 2 exhibit the characteristic emissions of EuIII (5D0→7F0‐4) and TbIII (5D4→7F6‐3), and the corresponding luminescent lifetimes are 1.52 and 1.10 ms, respectively. Temperature‐dependent photoluminescence studies show the emission intensities and lifetimes for both complexes decrease upon increasing temperature, which indicates complexes 1 and 2 have the potential for sensing temperature. The magnetic studies reveal that Dy(III) complex 3 exhibits weak antiferromagnetic interactions and slow magnetic relaxation behavior.
Non‐local stress and electric displacement solution of a 3D semi‐permeable rectangular crack in infinite orthotropic piezoelectric materials
Authors: Liu Hai‐Tao , Wang Peng‐Hui , Qie Yan‐Hui 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe paper presents the non‐local stress and electric displacement solution of a 3D semi‐permeable rectangular crack in infinite orthotropic piezoelectric materials (OPMs). With the help of the generalized Almansi's theorem and 2D Fourier transform, the boundary problem is formulated by three pairs of dual integral equations, and the displacement jumps across the crack surfaces are defined. The Schmidt method is used to solve the dual integral equations. The non‐local stress field (NSF) and the non‐local electric displacement field (NEDF) along the crack edges are deduced. Numerical results are reported to explain the influence of the size of the rectangular crack, the lattice parameter and the electric permittivity of the air inside the crack on the NSF and the NEDF at the crack edges in OPMs in detail. The present non‐local solutions exhibit no stress and electric displacement singularities along the crack edges, and may be benefit future works.
Affine Subspaces of Curvature Functions from Closed Planar Curves
Authors: Alese Leonardo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGiven a pair of real functions (k, f), we study the conditions they must satisfy for $$k+\lambda f$$

k
+
λ
f

to be the curvature in the arc-length of a closed planar curve for all real $$\lambda $$
λ
. Several equivalent conditions are pointed out, certain periodic behaviours are shown as essential and a family of such pairs is explicitely constructed. The discrete counterpart of the problem is also studied.
The topological nilpotence degree of a Noetherian unstable algebra
Authors: Heard Drew 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe investigate the topological nilpotence degree, in the sense of Henn–Lannes–Schwartz, of a connected Noetherian unstable algebraR. WhenRis the modpcohomology ring of a compact Lie group, Kuhn showed how this invariant is controlled by centralizers of elementary abelianp-subgroups. By replacing centralizers of elementary abelianp-subgroups with components of Lannes’T-functor, and utilizing the techniques of unstable algebras over the Steenrod algebra, we are able to generalize Kuhn’s result to a large class of connected Noetherian unstable algebras. We show how this generalizes Kuhn’s result to more general classes of groups, such as groups of finite virtual cohomological dimension, profinite groups, and Kac–Moody groups. In fact, our results apply much more generally, for example, we establish results forp-local compact groups in the sense of Broto–Levi–Oliver, for connectedH-spaces with Noetherian modpcohomology, and for the Borel equivariant cohomology of a compact Lie group acting on a manifold. Along the way we establish several results of independent interest. For example, we formulate and prove a version of Carlson’s depth conjecture in the case of a Noetherian unstable algebra of minimal depth.
Anabolic-androgenic steroid administration increases self-reported aggression in healthy males: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies
Authors: Chegeni Razieh , Pallesen Ståle , McVeigh Jim , Sagoe Dominic 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRationaleAggression and irritability are notable psychiatric side effects of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use. However, no previous study has systematically reviewed and quantitatively synthesized effects reported by experimental studies on this topic.ObjectiveWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of AAS administration on self-reported and observer-reported aggression.MethodsTwelve RCTs comprising a total of 562 healthy males were identified through systematic searches of MEDLINE, PsycInfo, ISI Web of Science, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library.ResultsAfter excluding one outlier, AAS administration was associated with an increase in self-reported aggression under a random-effects model, albeit small (Hedges’g= 0.171, 95% CI: 0.029–0.312,k= 11,p= .018), and when restricting the analysis to the effect of acute AAS administration on self-reported aggression under a fixed-effect model (g= 0.291, 95% CI: 0.014–0.524,p= .014). However, the above effects were neither replicated in the analysis of observer-reported aggression nor after restricting the analysis to the effects of the administration of higher (over 500 mg) and long-term (3 days to 14 weeks) doses.ConclusionsThe present meta-analysis provides evidence of an increase, although small, in self-reported aggression in healthy males following AAS administration in RCTs. Ecologically rational RCTs are warranted to better explore the effect of AAS administration on aggression in humans.
Histology and computed tomography of incidental calcifications in the human basal ganglia
Authors: de Brouwer Esther J. M. , de Jong Pim A. , De Jonghe Annemarieke , Emmelot-Vonk Marielle H. , Koek Huiberdina L. , Dankbaar Jan-Willem , Mohamed Hoesein Firdaus A. A. , Van Hecke Wim 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIncidental basal ganglia calcifications are a common finding on computed tomography (CT). We investigated the histological characteristics of these calcifications and their association with CT findings, using post-mortem basal ganglia tissue from 22 patients. Eight patients had basal ganglia calcifications on histology, and six patients had calcifications on CT, varying from mild to severe. Four patients had calcifications identified by both histology and CT, and two patients had calcifications detected by CT but not by histology, possibly because of insufficient tissue available. Calcifications were found mainly in the tunica media of arterioles located in the globus pallidus, which suggests that incidental CT calcifications are vascular in nature. However, tunica media calcifications, and thereby incidental basal ganglia calcifications, are probably not related to atherosclerosis.
An A.I. classifier derived from 4D radiomics of dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI data: potential to avoid unnecessary breast biopsies
Authors: Pötsch Nina , Dietzel Matthias , Kapetas Panagiotis , Clauser Paola , Pinker Katja , Ellmann Stephan , Uder Michael , Helbich Thomas , Baltzer Pascal A. T. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Due to its high sensitivity, DCE MRI of the breast (bMRI) is increasingly used for both screening and assessment purposes. The high number of detected lesions poses a significant logistic challenge in clinical practice. The aim was to evaluate a temporally and spatially resolved (4D) radiomics approach to distinguish benign from malignant enhancing breast lesions and thereby avoid unnecessary biopsies.

Methods
This retrospective study included consecutive patients with MRI-suspicious findings (BI-RADS 4/5). Two blinded readers analyzed DCE images using a commercially available software, automatically extracting BI-RADS curve types and pharmacokinetic enhancement features. After principal component analysis (PCA), a neural network–derived A.I. classifier to discriminate benign from malignant lesions was constructed and tested using a random split simple approach. The rate of avoidable biopsies was evaluated at exploratory cutoffs (C1, 100%, and C2, ≥ 95% sensitivity).

Results
Four hundred seventy (295 malignant) lesions in 329 female patients (mean age 55.1 years, range 18–85 years) were examined. Eighty-six DCE features were extracted based on automated volumetric lesion analysis. Five independent component features were extracted using PCA. The A.I. classifier achieved a significant (p < .001) accuracy to distinguish benign from malignant lesion within the test sample (AUC: 83.5%; 95% CI: 76.8–89.0%). Applying identified cutoffs on testing data not included in training dataset showed the potential to lower the number of unnecessary biopsies of benign lesions by 14.5% (C1) and 36.2% (C2).

Conclusion
The investigated automated 4D radiomics approach resulted in an accurate A.I. classifier able to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions. Its application could have avoided unnecessary biopsies.

Key Points
• Principal component analysis of the extracted volumetric and temporally resolved (4D) DCE markers favored pharmacokinetic modeling derived features.
• An A.I. classifier based on 86 extracted DCE features achieved a good to excellent diagnostic performance as measured by the area under the ROC curve with 80.6% (training dataset) and 83.5% (testing dataset).
• Testing the resulting A.I. classifier showed the potential to lower the number of unnecessary biopsies of benign breast lesions by up to 36.2%, p < .001 at the cost of up to 4.5% (n = 4) false negative low-risk cancers.
Pathological reporting of cystectomy lymph nodes: a retrospective analysis of experience in Paris
Authors: Oszwald André , Wasinger Gabriel , Larnaudie Laura , Varinot Justine , Sebe Philippe , Cussenot Olivier , Compérat Eva 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Pathological evaluation of pelvic lymph node (LN) dissection (PLND) is important for management of cystectomy patients. However, challenges such as unclear interobserver variability of LN counting remain. Here, we assess interobserver variability of LN measures and their clinical utility, with a focus on variant histology.

Methods
We retrieved radical cystectomy cases with PLND between 2010 and 2016 and reevaluated pathological parameters; number of total and metastatic LN, LN density (LND), length of metastatic LN and metastases, extranodal extension (ENE).

Results
We report 96 patients: median age of 71a, 34 cases pN+, 36 cases with any extent of variant histology, median follow-up 10 months. Perivesical LN were only rarely identified, but frequently metastatic (4/9). Variant histology (34 cases) frequently exhibited LN metastasis (53% of pN+ cases). Interobserver variance was poor for total LN (kappa = 0.167), excellent for positive LN (0.85) and pN staging (0.96), and mediocre for LND (0.53). ROC analysis suggests that both LND and the sum of LN metastasis length may predict outcome (AUC 0.83 and 0.75, respectively).

Conclusion
Our study confirms the notion of LND as a prognostic measure, but cautions due to strong interobserver variance of LN counts. The sum length of LN metastases could be a measure that is independent of LN counts. We find that microscopically identified perivesical LN merit particular attention. In summary, our study highlights current challenges in pathological reporting of PLND, confirms previous observations and forms a basis for further studies.
Interhospital referral of colorectal cancer patients: a Dutch population-based study
Authors: Warps A. K. , de Neree tot Babberich M. P. M. , Dekker E. , Wouters M. W. J. M. , Dekker J. W. T. , Tollenaar R. A. E. M. , Tanis P. J. ,   On behalf of the Dutch ColoRectal Audit
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Interhospital referral is a consequence of centralization of complex oncological care but might negatively impact waiting time, a quality indicator in the Netherlands. This study aims to evaluate characteristics and waiting times of patients with primary colorectal cancer who are referred between hospitals.

Methods
Data were extracted from the Dutch ColoRectal Audit (2015-2019). Waiting time between first tumor-positive biopsy until first treatment was compared between subgroups stratified for referral status, disease stage, and type of hospital.

Results
In total, 46,561 patients were included. Patients treated for colon or rectal cancer in secondary care hospitals were referred in 12.2% and 14.7%, respectively. In tertiary care hospitals, corresponding referral rates were 43.8% and 66.4%. Referred patients in tertiary care hospitals were younger, but had a more advanced disease stage, and underwent more often multivisceral resection and simultaneous metastasectomy than non-referred patients in secondary care hospitals (p<0.001). Referred patients were more often treated within national quality standards for waiting time compared to non-referred patients (p<0.001). For referred patients, longer waiting times prior to MDT were observed compared to non-referred patients within each hospital type, although most time was spent post-MDT.

Conclusion
A large proportion of colorectal cancer patients that are treated in tertiary care hospitals are referred from another hospital but mostly treated within standards for waiting time. These patients are younger but often have a more advanced disease. This suggests that these patients are willing to travel more but also reflects successful centralization of complex oncological patients in the Netherlands.
Retained placenta and postpartum hemorrhage: time is not everything
Authors: Franke Denise , Zepf Julia , Burkhardt Tilo , Stein Philipp , Zimmermann Roland , Haslinger Christian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Postpartum hemorrhage is the major cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Retained placenta accounts for nearly 20% of severe cases. We investigated the influence of the time factor and retained placenta etiology on postpartum hemorrhage dynamics.

Methods
Our retrospective study analyzed a single-center cohort of 296 women with retained placenta. Blood loss was measured using a validated and accurate technique based on calibrated blood collection bags, backed by the post- vs pre-partum decrease in hemoglobin. We evaluated the relationship between these two blood loss parameters and the duration of the third stage of labor using Spearman rank correlation, followed by subgroup analysis stratified by third stage duration and retained placenta etiology.

Results
Correlation analysis revealed no association between third stage duration and measured blood loss or decrease in hemoglobin. A shorter third stage (< 60 min) was associated with significantly increased uterine atony (p = 0.001) and need for blood transfusion (p = 0.006). Uterine atony was significantly associated with greater decrease in hemoglobin (p < 0.001), higher measured blood loss (p < 0.001), postpartum hemorrhage (p = 0.048), and need for blood transfusion (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Postpartum blood loss does not correlate with third stage duration in women with retained placenta. Our results suggest that there is neither a safe time window preceding postpartum hemorrhage, nor justification for an early cut-off for manual removal of the placenta. The prompt detection of uterine atony and immediate prerequisites for manual removal of the placenta are key factors in the management of postpartum hemorrhage.
The cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome scale reveals early neuropsychological deficits in SCA3 patients
Authors: Maas Roderick P. P. W. M. , Killaars Sven , van de Warrenburg Bart P. C. , Schutter Dennis J. L. G. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
The cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome scale (CCAS-S) was recently developed to detect specific neuropsychological deficits in patients with cerebellar diseases in an expedited manner.

Objectives
To evaluate the discriminative ability of the CCAS-S in an etiologically homogeneous cohort of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) patients and to examine relationships between cognitive deficits and motor symptom severity.

Methods
The CCAS-S was administered to twenty mildly to moderately affected SCA3 patients and eighteen healthy controls matched for age, sex, and educational level. Disease severity was measured by the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), Inventory of Non-Ataxia Signs (INAS), 8 m walk test, nine-hole peg test (9HPT), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).

Results
SCA3 patients had a lower total CCAS-S score (p < 0.001) and higher number of failed tests (p = 0.006) than healthy controls. Patients displayed impairments in semantic fluency, phonemic fluency, category switching, cube drawing, and affect regulation. Total CCAS-S score showed high discriminative ability (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.96) and was associated with disease duration, SARA score, walking speed, and dominant hand 9HPT performance. No correlations were observed with INAS count, repeat length, and PHQ-9 score. Discriminative capacity of the number of failed tests was moderate (AUC: 0.76).

Conclusion
Essentially all SCA3 patients exhibited some form of cognitive impairment. The CCAS-S differentiates SCA3 patients from healthy controls, detects neuropsychological deficits early in the disease course, and correlates with relevant ataxia severity measures.