bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical analysis of beneficial ownership in mushārakah based home financing in Malaysia
Authors: Nik Abdul Ghani Nik Abdul Rahim , Salleh Ahmad Dahlan , Jusoh @ Yusoff Amir Fazlim , Mat Zain Mat Noor , Yaacob Salmy Edawati , Ahmad Azlin Alisa , Saleem Muhammad Yusuf 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
This paper critically aims to examine the concept of beneficial ownership and its application in musharakah-based home financing.

Design/methodology/approach
The study applies the method of juristic interpretation in analyzing the meaning of beneficial ownership in legal documentation of musharakah-based home financing. This qualitative study uses content analysis approach that investigates the works of Islamic scholars on the concept of ownership and evaluates the concept of beneficial ownership in musharakah-based home financing from the Islamic perspective.

Findings
The result finds that beneficial ownership is considered a true ownership, as Shari’ah allows the transfer of ownership based on the offer and acceptance in a contract. Furthermore, the absence of legal registration does not mean the absence of true ownership, whereas all documentations and agreements have clearly stated rights and liabilities of each contracting parties.

Originality/value
This paper provides a fiqhi discussion of analyzing beneficial ownership in musharakah-based home financing. It shows that Shari’ah parameters are essential for the use of beneficial ownership to ensure its compliance with the Shari’ah requirements of milkiyyah (ownership).
The impact of heuristic biases on investors’ investment decision in Pakistan stock market: moderating role of long term orientation
Authors: Khan Imran , Afeef Mustafa , Jan Shahid , Ihsan Anjum 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of heuristic biases, namely, availability bias and representativeness bias on investors’ investment decisions in the Pakistan stock exchange, as well as the moderating role of long-term orientation.Design/methodology/approachUsing a structured questionnaire, a total of 374 responses have been collected from individual investors trading in PSX. The relationship was tested by applying the partial least square structural equation model using SmartPLS 3.2.2. Further, Henseler and Chin’s (2010) product indicator approach for moderation analysis was applied to the data set.FindingsThe results revealed that availability bias and representativeness bias have a significant and positive influence on the investment decisions of investors. Furthermore, a significant moderating effect of long term orientation on the effect of representativeness bias on investment decision is observed. This suggests that investors’ long term orientation weaken the effect of representativeness bias on investment decision. However, no significant moderating effect was observed for availability bias.Originality/valueThe paper provides novel insights on the role of heuristic-driven biases on the investment decisions of individual investors in the stock market. Particularly, it enhanced the understanding of behavioral aspects of investment decision-making in an emerging market.
Examining the synergistic effect of supply chain agility, adaptability and alignment: a complementarity perspective
Authors: Feizabadi Javad , Gligor David M. , Alibakhshi Somayeh 
Published: February 2021

PurposeDrawing on complementarity theory, this paper aims to examine the type and effect of interdependencies/interaction (i.e. complementarity or substitutability) between the supply chain capabilities of agility, adaptability and alignment.Design/methodology/approachA survey research design is adopted to collect primary and secondary data from 182 international firms. The complementarity (or substitutability) of three As (agile, adaptable and aligned) were analyzed in three-way and pairwise interactions; both, correlation and performance differences methods of testing the type of interactions among the system’s elements were used. Supply chain-centric and firm-centric performance metrics were used to examine the interaction types.FindingsThe study did not find empirical evidence of three-way complementarity between the three As. However, this paper did find evidence of complementarity in bivariate interactions for alignment and adaptability. Moreover, in the performance difference method, the study found a substitute relationship between all pairs of As.Practical implicationsThe findings related to the substitutability between the three As offer managers guidance on how to allocate their limited resources to avoid unnecessary over-or under-investing in either one of the three As.Originality/valueThis study helps refine prior findings related to the three As by offering evidence that firms can still achieve their performance-related goals with reduced investment commitments by taking advantage of the substitutability relationship existent between these capabilities. That is, instead of concomitantly developing all three As as past studies have suggested, managers can use the findings to determine how to prioritize their resource allocation better. Furthermore, understanding the actual interaction among the supply chain variables generally provide insights for designing the supply chain, change management in the supply chain, developing supply chain strategy and adopting best practices in the supply chain.
Entrepreneurial orientation and international performance of born global firms: the mediating role of entrepreneurial competencies
Authors: Gull Nida , Asghar Muhammad , Aleem Ahmed Qader , Muhammad Asim Rafique , Syed Jameel Ahmed , Ali Shan-e 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThis study aims to extend the understanding of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) by investigating the international EO (IEO) from the perspective of the international performance of born global firms. The born global firm's EOs toward global firms led to innovation and dynamic organizational capabilities and to improve the firms' international performance and development.Design/methodology/approachIt is a hypothesis that IEO predicted that utilization of export promotion programs (EPPs) would be positively associated with international performance. The samples of 405 respondents were collected from born global firms to acquire higher international performance of firms in China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and mediation analysis are processed to test the proposed hypotheses empirically.FindingsThe results from the SEM test revealed that the network relationships and utilization of EPPs fully mediate the effect of IEO on international performance. These results indicate that not only IEO is an important factor of network relationships but also the utilization of EPPs and international performance for born global firms. IEO can motivate managers to find the right network relationships and ultimately improve company performance. The IEO of the initiative has strong impact on the performance of international firms.Originality/valueThere is a comprehensive view among the relationships of IEO, entrepreneurial competencies and the network utilization of government EPPs, international performance in the context of born global firms. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in detail.
Juvenile survival of a burned forest specialist in response to variation in fire characteristics
Authors: Stillman Andrew N. , Lorenz Teresa J. , Fischer Philip C. , Siegel Rodney B. , Wilkerson Robert L. , Johnson Matthew , Tingley Morgan W. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Pyrodiversity, defined as variation in fire history and characteristics, has been shown to catalyse post‐fire biodiversity in a variety of systems. However, the demographic and behavioural mechanisms driving the responses of individual species to pyrodiversity remain largely unexplored.

We used a model post‐fire specialist, the black‐backed woodpecker (Picoides arcticus), to examine the relationship between fire characteristics and juvenile survival while controlling for confounding factors.

We radio‐tracked fledgling black‐backed woodpeckers in burned forests of California and Washington, USA, and derived information on habitat characteristics using ground surveys and satellite data. We used hierarchical Bayesian mixed‐effects models to determine the factors that influence both fledgling and annual juvenile survival, and we tested for effects of fledgling age on movement rates.

Burn severity strongly affected fledgling survival, with lower survival in patches created by high‐severity fire compared to patches burned at medium to low severity or left unburned. Time since leaving the nest was also a strong predictor of fledgling survival, annual juvenile survival and fledgling movement rates.

Our results support the role of habitat complementation in generating species‐specific benefits from variation in spatial fire characteristics—one axis of pyrodiversity—and highlight the importance of this variation under shifting fire regimes. High‐severity fire provides foraging and nesting sites that support the needs of adult black‐backed woodpeckers, but fledgling survival is greater in areas burned at lower severity. By linking breeding and foraging habitat with neighbouring areas of reduced predation risk, pyrodiversity may enhance the survival and persistence of animals that thrive in post‐fire habitat.
Pre‐eclampsia and long‐term health outcomes for mother and infant: an umbrella review
Authors: Pittara T , Vyrides A , Lamnisos D , Giannakou K 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundPre‐eclampsia is a pregnancy‐associated condition with complex disease mechanisms and a risk factor for various long‐term health outcomes for the mother and infant.ObjectiveTo summarise evidence on the association of pre‐eclampsia with long‐term health outcomes arising in women and/or infants.Search strategyPubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and ISI Web of Science were searched from inception to July 2020.Selection criteriaSystematic reviews and meta‐analyses examining associations between pre‐eclampsia and long‐term health outcomes in women and their infants.Data collection and analysisData were extracted by two independent reviewers. We re‐estimated the summary effect size by random‐effects and fixed‐effects models, the 95% confidence interval, the 95% prediction interval, the between‐study heterogeneity, any evidence of small‐study effects and excess significance bias.ResultsTwenty‐one articles were included (90 associations). Seventy‐nine associations had nominally statistically significant findings (P < 0.05). Sixty‐five associations had large or very large heterogeneity. Evidence for small‐study effects and excess significance bias was found in seven and two associations, respectively. Nine associations: cerebrovascular disease (cohort studies), cerebrovascular disease (overall), cardiac disease (cohort studies), dyslipidaemia (all studies), risk of death (late‐onset pre‐eclampsia), fatal and non‐fatal ischaemic heart disease, cardiovascular mortality (cohort studies), any diabetes or use of diabetic medication (unadjusted), and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (adjusted) were supported with robust evidence.ConclusionMany of the meta‐analyses in this research field have caveats casting doubts on their validity. Current evidence suggests an increased risk for women to develop cardiovascular‐related diseases, diabetes and dyslipidaemia after pre‐eclampsia, while offspring exposed to pre‐eclampsia are at higher risk for ADHD.Tweetable abstractCardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were supported with convincing evidence for long‐term health outcomes after pre‐eclampsia.
Short‐Term Institutions, Analyst Recommendations, and Mispricing: The Role of Higher Order Beliefs
Authors: CREMERS MARTIJN , PAREEK ANKUR , SAUTNER ZACHARIAS 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTWe document that stocks that have optimistic (pessimistic) consensus recommendations and are currently held by many short‐term institutions exhibit large stock‐return reversals: Their large past outperformance (underperformance) is followed by large negative (positive) future alphas. The predictable return reversals originate from overreaction to past recommendation releases and the correction of these overreactions around future releases. Results are stronger when earnings news is released and at firms with higher fundamental uncertainty. Further, firms with more short‐term institutions show stronger announcement returns and price drift after recommendation changes. Our results are consistent with models of higher order beliefs where short‐term institutions coordinate trading around public signals.
Accessing previously uncultured marine microbial resources by a combination of alternative cultivation methods
Authors: Jung Dawoon , Liu Biyin , He Xiaoping , Owen Jeffrey S. , Liu Liwei , Yuan Ye , Zhang Weiyan , He Shan 
Published: February 2021

SummaryFew microbes can grow under laboratory conditions, highlighting the fact that the majority of microbes in environment are still uncultured and untapped resources. This study used alternative cultivation methods, diffusion chambers (DC), dilution‐to‐extinction culture (DTE) and modified agar preparation step (PS media) to cultivate previously uncultured marine bacterial species. These methods were applied to samples from a coastal intertidal zone, and the results were compared with those from standard direct plating (SDP) cultivation. Among the strains isolated with DC, DTE and PS media methods, 28%, 48% and 33% were novel species, respectively, while the SDP method resulted in the isolation of only 9% of novel species. Most isolates were unique to the method used for their cultivation. This implies that each method is selective in its own way, which is different from SDP, thus able to access species that are difficult to obtain using conventional approaches. Comparing the diversity showed that 75 genera were recovered by the alternative methods, 2.7 times higher than that of the SDP cultivation, which constituted 45% of total diversity from culture‐independent sequencing. We conclude that combining alternative cultivation methods represents a highly promising key for accessing ‘microbial dark matter’.
LEA 3: Factor models in population genetics and ecological genomics with R
Authors: Gain Clément , François Olivier 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA major objective of evolutionary biology is to understand the processes by which organisms have adapted to various environments, and to predict the response of organisms to new or future conditions. The availability of large genomic and environmental data sets provides an opportunity to address those questions, and the R package LEA has been introduced to facilitate population and ecological genomic analyses in this context. By using latent factor models, the program computes ancestry coefficients from population genetic data and performs genotype–environment association analyses with correction for unobserved confounding variables. In this study, we present new functionalities of LEA, which include imputation of missing genotypes, fast algorithms for latent factor mixed models using multivariate predictors for genotype–environment association studies, population differentiation tests for admixed or continuous populations, and estimation of genetic offset based on climate models. The new functionalities are implemented in version 3.1 and higher releases of the package. Using simulated and real data sets, our study provides evaluations and examples of applications, outlining important practical considerations when analysing ecological genomic data in R.
Comparison of relapse rates in Behçet’s disease with venous involvement on different doses of azathioprine therapy, a retrospective observational study
Authors: Girgin Sinem , Yurumez Seda , Omma Ahmet , Celik Selda , Cemal Icacan Ozan , Bes Cemal , Alpay‐Kanitez Nilufer 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate relapse rates in azathioprine (AZA) maintenance therapy at different doses in Behçet's disease (BD) with venous involvement.MethodClinical records of patients who met the diagnostic criteria of International Study Group (ISG) for BD, were diagnosed with venous involvement of BD for at least 6 months and sustained clinical remission with AZA for at least 3 months were analyzed retrospectively. The analysis cohort was divided into 2 groups based on AZA dose (Group A: ≥ 2 mg/kg/d and Group B: <2 mg/kg/d). Relapse was defined as requiring another antirheumatic/immunosuppressive drug or more than dose of 10 mg/d of prednisolone.ResultsOf 78 patients who were included into the study, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of age, gender and clinical characteristics. Mean relapse‐free survival time was found to be higher in group A compared to group B (111.6 ± 11.2, 95% CI 89.5 ± 133.8 versus 51.5 ± 6.1, 95% CI 39.5 ± 63.4 months).ConclusionRelapse‐free survival rate was less in the group receiving low‐dose AZA and shows the importance of effective dose of AZA in maintenance therapy.
Association of circulating monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 levels with polycystic ovary syndrome: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wu Ze , Fang Lanlan , Li Yuxi , Yan Yang , Thakur Avinash , Cheng Jung‐Chien , Sun Ying‐Pu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractProblemPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that has a huge impact on the human infertility. Increased levels of various circulating inflammatory cytokines have been observed in PCOS patients, which can contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS. Monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), a secretory chemokine, is a potent chemotactic factor that recruits monocytes/macrophages to inflammatory foci. Several previous studies comparing the circulating MCP‐1 levels between non‐PCOS and PCOS patients have yielded contradictory results. Therefore, the aim of this meta‐analysis was to investigate whether circulating MCP‐1 levels vary between non‐PCOS and PCOS patients.MethodsResearch articles published before November 11, 2020, were screened to identify eligible studies. Heterogeneity, sensitivity, and publication bias were analyzed using STATA software. Standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by the STATA software using a random‐effects model.Results11 studies were included in this meta‐analysis involving 897 individuals: 368 non‐PCOS patient and 529 PCOS patients. Our pooled meta‐analysis results show that circulating MCP‐1 levels were significantly higher in PCOS patients than in non‐PCOS patients (SMD = 0.84, 95% CI = [0.37, 1.31], Z = 3.50, p < 0.01). However, due to the limited number of studies included in this meta‐analysis, subgroup analysis determined that circulating MCP‐1 levels were not significantly varied between obese non‐PCOS and obese PCOS patients (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI = [−0.65, 1.49], Z = 0.77, p = 0.442) as well as between non‐PCOS and PCOS patients without obesity (SMD = 2.04, 95% CI = [−0.84, 4.93], Z = 1.39, p = 0.166). In addition, circulating MCP‐1 levels were also not significantly different between obese and non‐obese PCOS patients (SMD = −0.04, 95% CI = [−0.68, 0.60], Z = 0.11, p = 0.909).ConclusionOur findings reveal that circulating MCP‐1 levels are upregulated in women with PCOS and are associated with an increased risk of PCOS.
Lymphocyte immunotherapy in recurrent miscarriage and recurrent implantation failure
Authors: Cavalcante Marcelo Borges , Sarno Manoel , Barini Ricardo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractProblemLymphocyte immunotherapy (LIT) emerged in the early 1980s as a new therapeutic proposal for couples with a history of recurrent miscarriages (RM). However, in the early 2000s, the effectiveness of LIT was questioned. Recently, meta‐analyses have observed the effectiveness and safety of LIT in treating couples with RM. Some studies evaluated the use of LIT in recurrent implantation failure (RIF) in in vitro fertilization cycles.MethodsThis systematic and narrative review evaluated the data available in the literature regarding the efficacy and safety of the use of LIT. Searches in PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were conducted, using the following keywords: "recurrent miscarriage," "lymphocyte immunotherapy," and "recurrent implantation failure".ResultsThis review describes the historical aspects of LIT and discusses its protocols, mechanisms of action, side effects, complications, and current evidence of the effectiveness in cases of reproductive failure. It also discusses the use of LIT during the COVID‐19 pandemic and new immunological therapies.ConclusionIn the vast majority of studies, the use of LIT for RM couples has shown an improvement in pregnancy outcomes. The most of the current studies that support the evidence are quasi‐experimental, with few randomized, double‐blind studies (Level of evidence III). However, the current evidence are not convincing for the use of LIT in RIF patients.
Predictive factors of radio‐induced complications in 194 eyes undergoing gamma knife radiosurgery for uveal melanoma
Authors: Cicinelli Maria Vittoria , Di Nicola Maura , Gigliotti Carmen Rosaria , Battista Marco , Miserocchi Elisabetta , del Vecchio Antonella , Mortini Pietro , Bandello Francesco , Modorati Giulio Maria 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeTo report the factors predictive of radio‐induced complications (i.e. radiation retinopathy [RR], radiation papillopathy [RP] and neovascular glaucoma [NVG]) in uveal melanoma (UM) patients undergoing gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR).Materials and methodsLongitudinal cohort study on patients with UM treated at the Ocular Oncology Service, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, between June 1994 and November 2018. Data were retrospectively reviewed. Rates of GKR‐related complications were reported. Variables associated with each complication were investigated using multivariable Cox models and confirmed by logistic regression analysis. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported for significant associations.ResultsOne hundred ninety‐four patients (99 males, 51%) were included, and 184 tumours were primarily located in the choroid (95%). Median follow‐up was 57 months (range 6–286). Local control was achieved in 182 eyes (94%), and 152 eyes (78%) experienced at least one radiation‐induced complication. Radiation retinopathy was documented in 67 eyes (35%) after a median of 23 months. Older age (HR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95–0.99, p = 0.02) had a protective effect for RR. Radiation papillopathy was diagnosed in 35 eyes (18%) after a median of 14 months after GKR. Macular or peripapillary location (HR = 3.06, 95% CI = 1.52–6.16, p = 0.002) was associated with increased risk of RP, while older age was protective (HR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.93–0.98, p = 0.001). New‐onset NVG was found in 53 eyes (27%), and median onset was 28 months. Tumour thickness (HR = 4.41, 95% CI = 2.23–8.72, p < 0.001) and peripapillary location (HR = 2.78, 95% CI = 1.46–5.27, p = 0.002) were the main risk factors associated with NVG.ConclusionUnderstanding factors predictive for radiation‐related complications in patients undergoing GKR might help for better counselling and treatment planning.