bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Pilot Feasibility Study of Exercising Together© During Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Dyadic Approach for Patients and Spouses
Authors: Winters-Stone Kerri , Lyons Karen , Beer Tomasz M. , Skiba Meghan B. , Hung Arthur 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Prostate cancer can negatively impact the health of patients and their spouse, particularly early on in the cancer trajectory. Purpose: To determine the feasibility and acceptability of dyadic exercise during radiation therapy and preliminary efficacy on physical, mental and relational outcomes for men and their spouses. Exercising Together©, originally designed as a 6-month dyadic resistance training program for couples post-treatment, was adapted for the radiation setting.Methods: We conducted a single-group pilot feasibility study of Exercising Together© in men scheduled for radiation therapy for prostate cancer and their spouse. Couples attended supervised exercise sessions thrice weekly throughout radiation treatment and were followed-up 8 weeks later. Primary outcomes were feasibility and acceptability with secondary outcomes of changes in physical (physical functioning (short physical performance battery (SPPB)), gait speed (m/sec), functional capacity (400-meter walk (min), physical activity (min/week)), mental (depressive symptoms (CES-D) and anxiety (SCL-90 ANX)), and relationship (Dyadic Coping, Role Overload and Physical Intimacy Behavior Scales) health outcomes for each partner. Participants completed an evaluation post-intervention.Results: Ten couples enrolled and 8 completed the intervention, attending 83% of scheduled sessions. Couple satisfaction with the intervention was high (patients: x̄=9.4±1.9 and spouses: x̄=10.0±0.0, on a 1-10 scale). At post-intervention, gait speed (x̄=0.1; 95%CI: 0.1, 0.2; p=0.003; d=0.94) and functional capacity (x̄=-0.6; 95%CI: -0.9, 0.3; p=0.002; d=-0.42) improved in patients and SPPB in spouses (x̄=1.3; 95%CI: 0.3, 2.2; p=0.02; d=0.71). Total physical activity increased non-significantly for patients and significantly for spouses at post-intervention and decreased at follow-up (x̄=179.6; 95%CI: 55.4, 303.7; p=0.01; d=1.35 and x̄=-139.9; 95%CI: -266.5,13.3; p=0.03; d=1.06). Among patients, anxiety and active engagement significantly improved post-intervention (x̄=-2.3; 95%CI: -3.8, 0.7; p=0.01; d=-0.43 and x̄=2.5; 95%CI: 0.7, 4.3; p=0.01; d=0.98, respectively). There were modest effects on other physical, mental, and relationship health domains in patients and spouses.Conclusion: A modified version of Exercising Together© is a feasible and acceptable program during radiation therapy for prostate cancer and shows preliminary evidence for improvements on physical, mental, and relational health in both patient and spouse. A larger, fully powered randomized controlled trial is warranted and could help shift the landscape toward dyadically-targeted interventions.Trial Registration: This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on February 18th, 2018 (NCT03418025; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03418025).
National Cancer Institute Support for Targeted Alpha-Emitter Therapy
Authors: Hong Julie , Brechbiel Martin , Buchsbaum Jeff , Canaria Christie A. , Coleman C. Norman , Escorcia Freddy E. , Espey Michael , Kunos Charles , Lin Frank , Narayanan Deepa , Capala Jacek 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Radiopharmaceutical targeted therapy (RPT) has been studied for decades, however, recent clinical trials demonstrating efficacy has helped renew interest in the modality. Recognizing the potential, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) has co-organized workshops and organized interest groups on RPT and RPT dosimetry to encourage the community and facilitate rigorous preclinical and clinical studies. NCI has been supporting RPT research through various mechanisms. Research has been funded through peer reviewed NCI Research and Program Grants (RPG) and NCI Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Development Center, which funds small business-initiated projects, some of which have led to clinical trials. The NCI Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP)’s Radiopharmaceutical Development Initiative supports RPT in NCI-funded clinical trials, including Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core (IROC) expertise in imaging QA and dosimetry procedures. Preclinical targeted a-emitter therapy (TAT) research at the NCI’s intramural program is ongoing, building on foundational work dating back to the 1980s. Ongoing “Bench-to-bedside” efforts leverage the unique infrastructure of the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) Clinical Center. Given the great potential of RPT, our goal is to continue to encourage its development that will generate the high quality evidence needed to bring this multidisciplinary treatment to patients.
Inhibition of Notch1 Signal Promotes Brain Recovery by Modulating Glial Activity
Authors: Hao Xiao zhu , Lin Lu yi , Sun Cheng feng , Li Chan chan , Wang Jing , Jiang Min , Yao Zhen wei , Yang Yan Mei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNotch1 signaling inhibiton with N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-1-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butylester] (DAPT) treatment could promote brain recovery and the intervention effect is different between striatum (STR) and cortex (CTX), which might be accounted for changed glial activities but the in-depth mechanism is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify whether DAPT could modulate microglial subtype shifts and astroglial-endfeet aquaporin-4 (AQP4) mediated waste solute drainage.MethodsSprague-Dawley rats (n=10) were subjected to 90min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and were treated with DAPT (n=5) or act as control with no treatment (n=5). Two groups of rats underwent MRI scans at 24h and 4 week following stroke, and sacrificed at 4 week after stroke for immunofluorescence (IF).ResultsCompared with control rats, MRI data showed brain recovery in ipsilateral STR but not CTX. And IF showed decreased pro-inflammatory M1 microglia and increased anti-inflammatory M2 microglia in striatal lesion core and peri-lesions of STR, CTX. Meanwhile, IF showed decreased AQP4 polarity in ischemic brain tissue, however, AQP4 polarity in striatal peri-lesions of DAPT treated rats was higher than that in control rats but shows no difference in cortical peri-lesions between control and treated rats. ConclusionsThe present study indicated that DAPT could promote protective microglia subtype shift and striatal astrocyte mediated waste solute drainage.
Intra- and juxta-articular Osteoid Osteoma in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Ni Xiaoyan , Zhang Zhiqiang , Xu Ping , Ning Bo , Wang Dahui 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundOsteoid osteoma (OO) is a common benign tumor in children and adolescents, but intra-and juxta-articular OO is rare and difficult to diagnose. The purpose of this study is to investigate the distinctions between intra- and juxta-articular OO, trying to avoid delaying diagnosis and optimize treatment strategies.MethodsThirty patients diagnosed with OO in the intra- and juxta joint at our institution who underwent surgical resection were included. Clinical and epidemiological factors, preoperative radiograph parameters, including CT, MRI, and bone scan, were documented. The outcomes of the involved extremity were evaluated at the final follow-up.ResultsMean age at diagnosis, interval time, and follow-up time was 8.37 ± 3.79 years old, 4.67 ± 5.88 months, 3.57 ± 2.18 years, respectively. Factors identified to be significantly associated with intra- and juxta-articular OO including pain with activity (p=0.004) and abnormal range of motion (p=0.00). The factor of abnormal range of motion (p=0.03) also influenced the existence of complications. Four children had a secondary operation to cure the recurrence.ConclusionIt is essential for clinicians and radiologists to be aware of the atypical clinical and radiographic features of intra- and juxta-articular OO, as the delayed diagnosis can lead to unnecessary pain and further complications after surgeries. The pain with activity and abnormal range of motion is helpful to identify the location of OO. The persistently abnormal range of motion also significantly leads to complications. The open surgeries to resect the nidus in juxta-articular OO were effective.Level of Evidence: Level IV-retrospective case series
Prognostic Value of Prostate Volume in Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Ham Won Sik , Park Jee Soo , Jang Won Sik , Choi Young Deuk , Kim Jongchan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
There is evidence that a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia increases the incidence of bladder cancer, and treatment with 5-alpha reductase inhibitor or androgen deprivation therapy reduces recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. We aimed to evaluate whether prostate volume affects its prognosis. We reviewed medical records of men who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor due to non-muscle invasive bladder cancer from January 2012 to December 2017. Patients were divided into two groups based on prostate volume measured by computed tomography (group 1: 264 patients with ≤30 mL, group 2: 124 patients with >30 mL), and assessed recurrence-free survival and progression-free survival. With a median follow up duration of 52 months, group 1 showed higher 5-year recurrence-free and progression-free survival (69.3% vs 47.0%, p=0.001; 96.7% vs 87.7%, p=0.002). Further, cox-regression analysis showed that tumor size (HR=1.292 p<0.001), multifocal tumor (HR=1.993, p<0.001), adjuvant intravesical therapy (chemotherapy: HR=0.580, p=0.037 and bacillus Calmette-Guérin: HR=0.542, p=0.004) and prostate volume (HR=2.326, p<0.001) were significant predictors of recurrence-free survival. Prostate volume (HR=2.886, p=0.014) was also associated with PFS with age (HR=1.043, p=0.044) and tumor grade (HR=3.822, p=0.013). We conclude higher prostate volume is associated with worse recurrence and progression-free survival in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
Study on Gear Contact Stiffness and Backlash of Harmonic Drive Based on Fractal Theory
Authors: Zhang Tao , Liu Zhifeng , Yang Congbin , Wang Yang , Liu Qianqian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Contact stiffness and backlash model of harmonic reducer is related to robot’s positioning accuracy and vibration characteristics. Harmonic reducer tooth pair height is typically less than 1 mm. Thus, backlash and contact stiffness measurement and modeling are relatively complex. In this paper, contact stiffness and backlash model is proposed by establishing a relationship between fractal parameters and tooth contact load. Non-contact optical profiler and RMS method are combined to obtain fractal roughness parameters of real machined tooth surface. Finally, the effect of rough tooth surface and contact force fractal parameters on contact stiffness and gear backlash is studied. The results indicate that surface topography parameters and contact force have significant effects on contact stiffness and backlash. By increasing the fractal dimension, a decrease of gear backlash and contact stiffness is observed. However, the opposite is true for the fractal roughness parameter. Lastly, an increase in contact force improves the contact stiffness.
RFA Lowers IDO Activity and Slows Non-Ablated Lesion Growth in Multifocal Hepatic Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Kailin , Mao Jun , Mao Siyue , Wang Xicheng , Tan Wanlin , Dong Jun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to determine whether radiofrequency ablation (RFA) could activate immunity and slow non-ablated lesion growth in multifocal hepatic carcinoma.Methods: We performed a retrospective study on patients with multifocal hepatic carcinoma and assessed the non-ablated lesion growth rate between patients who received RFA and those who did not. In self-controlled study, before and three weeks after RFA, blood samples were collected from patients who received RFA to allow for comparisons of the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) concentration as assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and IDO activity as assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results: A total of 66 patients were included in the retrospective analysis: there were 46 (69.7%) patients in the treatment group and 20 (30.3%) patients in the control group. The mean growth rate of non-ablated tumors was 0.0291 ± 0.0965 mm/d in the treatment group and 0.0947 ± 0.0754 mm/d in the control group (P = 0.001). The mean concentrations of IDO before and after RFA were 15.57±4.06 ng/ml and 7.53±1.56 ng/ml in 45 eligible patients, and this difference was significant (P = 0.034). The mean IDO activity values were 29.7±22.03 and 25.25±1.75 before and after RFA, respectively (P = 0.031). AFP decreased significantly after RFA, but there was no significant correlation between the decrease in AFP and the decrease in IDO concentration and activity.Conclusions: RFA may induce abscopal effects in hepatic carcinoma patients, manifested by a decrease in IDO concentration and activity and a slowed growth rate in non-ablated lesions.
Interrelationship Between 2019-nCov Receptor DPP4 and Diabetes Mellitus Targets Based on Protein Interaction Network
Authors: Gao Qian , Zhang Wenjun , Li Tingting , Yang Guojun , Zhu Wei , Chen Naijun , Jin Huawei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: Exploring the relationship between diabetes mellitus targets and DPP4 of the receptor of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) through a protein interaction network to provide new perspective for clinical medication. Methods: Diabetes mellitus targets were obtained from GeneCards database. Targets with a relevance score exceeding 20 were included, and DPP4 protein was added manually. The initial protein interaction network was obtained through String. The targets directly related to DPP4 were selected as the final analysis targets. Importing them into String again to obtain the protein interaction network. Module identification, GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were carried out respectively. The impact of DPP4 on the whole network was analyzed by scoring the module where it located. Results: 43 DPP4-related proteins were finally selected from the diabetes mellitus targets and three functional modules were found by the cluster analysis. Module 1 was involved in insulin secretion and glucagon signaling pathway, module 2 and module 3 were involved in signaling receptor binding. The scoring results showed that LEP and apoB in module 1 were the highest, and the scores of INS, IL6 and ALB of cross module associated proteins of module 1 were the highest.Conclusions: DPP4 is widely associated with key proteins in diabetes mellitus. COVID-19 may affect DPP4 in patients with diabetes mellitus, leading to high mortality of diabetes mellitus combined with COVID-19. DPP4 inhibitors and IL-6 antagonists can be considered to reduce the effect of COVID-19 infection on diabetic patients.
Intracycle Power and Ventilation Mode as Potential Contributors to Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury
Authors: Marini John J. , Crooke Philip S. , Tawfik Pierre , Chatburn Robert L. , Dries David J. , Gattinoni Luciano 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: High rates of inflation energy delivery coupled with transpulmonary tidal pressures of sufficient magnitude may augment the risk of damage to vulnerable, stress-focused units within a mechanically heterogeneous lung. Apart from flow amplitude, the clinician-selected flow waveform, a relatively neglected dimension of inflation power, may distribute inflation energy non-uniformly among alveoli with different mechanical properties. Our primary objectives were to develop a mathematical model of intracycle inflation power that allows comparisons among the flow modes commonly encountered in clinical practice: constant, linearly decelerating, exponentially decelerating (pressure control), and spontaneous (sinusoidal).Methods: We first tested the predictions of our mathematical model of passive inflation with the physical performance of a mechanical ventilator-lung system that simulated ventilation to three types of patients: normal, severe ARDS, and severe airflow obstruction. After verification, model predictions were then generated for 5000 ‘virtual ARDS patients’. Holding constant the tidal volume and inflation time between modes, the validated model varied the flow profile and quantitated intensity and timing of potentially damaging ‘elastic’ energy and intracycle power (pressure-flow product) developed in response to random combinations of machine settings and severity levels for ARDS.Results: Our modeling indicates that while the varied flow patterns ultimately deliver similar total amounts of alveolar energy during each breath, they differ profoundly regarding the potentially damaging pattern with which that energy distributes over time during inflation. Pressure control imposed relatively high maximal intracycle power.Conclusions: Flow amplitude and waveform may be relatively neglected and modifiable determinants of VILI risk when ventilating ARDS.
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Associated with COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Vasconcelos Thaís de Maria Frota , Nóbrega Paulo Ribeiro , Ferreira Glauber de Menezes , de Souza Moysés Loiola Ponte , Vanderlei Alander Sobreira , de Castro José Daniel Vieira , Braga-Neto Pedro , Neto Manoel Alves Sobreira 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
COVID-19 is a pandemic disease responsible for a large number of deaths worldwide. Many neurological manifestations have been described. We report a case of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) two months after acute COVID19 infection, in a patient without other risk factors. A 45-year-old male patient presented an 8-month history of progressive gait disorder and cognitive impairment after being hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was compatible with NPH. A spinal tap test was positive and there was progressive improvement after shunting, with complete resolution of symptoms. Other infections such Syphilis, cryptococcosis and Lyme disease have been associated with NPH. Possible mechanisms for NPH after COVID include disruption of choroid plexus cells by direct viral invasion or as a result of neuroinflammation and cytokine release and hypercoagulability leading to venous congestion and abnormalities of CSF flow. Given the significance of NPH as a cause of reversible dementia, it is important to consider the possibility of a causal association with COVID19 and understand the mechanisms behind this association.
Increased in the Prevalence of Plasmodium Falciparum With Kelch13 C580Y Mutations and the Decline in pfcrt and pfmdr1 Mutant Alleles in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Yoshida Naoko , Yamauchi Masato , Morikawa Ryosuke , Hombhanje Francis , Mita Toshihiro 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe C580Y mutation in Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 (pfk13) is the most commonly observed variant in artemisinin-resistant isolates in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). Until 2017, it had not been identified outside GMS, except for Guyana. In 2017, we identified three parasites carrying the C580Y mutation in Papua New Guinea (PNG). As the C580Y allele rapidly spread in the GMS, there is concern that this mutant is now spreading in PNG. MethodsIn 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional survey at two clinics in Wewak, PNG. Symptomatic patients infected with P. falciparum were treated with artemether plus lumefantrine following a national treatment policy. Blood samples were obtained before treatment, and polymorphisms in pfk13, pfcrt, and pfmdr1 were determined. Parasite positivity was examined on day 3. ResultsA total of 94 patients were included in this analysis. The prevalence of C580Y was significantly increased (2.2% in 2017, 5.7% in 2018, and 6.4% in 2020; p = 4.2×10-3). A significant upward trend of wild-type prevalence was found for pfcrt (1.9% in 2016 to 46.7% in 2020; p = 8.9×10-16) and pfmdr1 (59.5% in 2016 to 91.4% in 2020; p = 2.3×10-6). Among 26 patients, including three with C580Y infections successfully followed on day 3, none showed positive parasitemia. ConclusionsUnder the conditions of significant increases in pfcrt K76 and pfmdr1 N86 alleles in PNG, the increase in pfk13 C580Y mutants may be a warning indicator of the emergence of parasites resistant to the currently used first-line treatment regimen of artemether plus lumefantrine. Therefore, nationwide surveillance of molecular markers for drug resistance and assessment of its therapeutic effect, are important.
Evaluation of the Prediction Capability of AHP and F_AHP Methods in Flood Susceptibility Mapping of Ernakulam District (India)
Authors: VILASAN RESHMA , Kapse Vijay S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Floods are one of the frequent natural hazards occurring in Kerala because of the remarkably high annual rate of rainfall. The objective of this study is to prepare the flood susceptibility maps of the Ernakulam district by integrating remote sensing data, GIS, and analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and fuzzy-analytical hierarchy process methods. Factors such as slope angle, soil types (texture), land use/land cover, stream density, water ratio index, normalized difference built-up index, topographic wetness index, stream power index, aspect, sediment transport index have been selected. The area of the final maps is grouped into five flood susceptible zones, ranging from very low to very high. The major reasons for flood occurrence in Ernakulam district are the combined effect of multiple factors such as excess silting, reduction of stream width due to human intervention, and changes in land cover and land use pattern, lower slope, higher soil moisture content, lower stream capacity, and poor infiltration capacity of soils. The prepared map was validated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve method. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) values of 0.75 and 0.81 estimated by the ROC curve method for the AHP and F-AHP methods is considered acceptable and excellent, which confirms the prediction capability of the prepared maps. The very high susceptible zone constitutes around 19% of the district. This map is useful for land-use planners and policymakers to adopt strategies which will reduce the impact of flood hazard and damage in the future.
Human Identification with their VOC Distribution Through CMS – SEN Model
Authors: Kanakam Prathyusha , Chakravarthy ASN 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Smell printing or odor printing is a novel morphological characteristic that an object can be defined by its odor. Human body odor is one such biological trait that yields less error rate of 15% among other biometrics. The human odor printing or smell printing possesses significance against the world towards screening of security checkpoint, searching for survivals under rubbles, investigating criminals, and many more. Cogno-monitoring system (CMS) is a specific prototype to furnish two essential processes -odor analysis and odor encoding through the Sensing-Encoding-Notifying (SEN) model to give the sensitivity and specificity score among the individuals. Human body odor can be interpreted as the alliance of various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and they are recognized, classified in the encoding process. This article exhibits a detailed analysis of the traditional detection methods including bioanalysis concerning the human body human body odor experimented with 6 people. By applying principal component analysis along with random forest classifier, the VOCs distribution of the individuals is measured. This work calculates that 18.7% of VOCs are having a match with all the individuals which become the plinth for the identification of humans.