bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic evaluations in the treatment and evaluation of patients with periodontal disease: A critical review
Authors: Tay John Rong Hao , Ng Ethan , Nair Rahul , Tan Zhe Sheng , Tan Sharon Hui Xuan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate the types and quality of reporting of economic evaluations carried out in the clinical management of periodontal disease over 32 years from 1987 to 2019.Material and methodsA systematic search of articles from 1987 to 2019 was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Health Technology Assessment Database and Embase. The quality of the economic evaluations was assessed based on the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standard checklist. Due to considerable between‐study heterogeneity, a meta‐analysis was not performed.ResultsTwenty one publications were included. 11 studies used cost‐effectiveness analysis, five used cost‐minimization analysis, four used cost–utility analysis and two used cost–benefit analysis. Comparators, choice of health outcomes, estimating resources and costs were fully reported in all studies. Many studies had inadequate reporting in terms of estimating resources and costs, choice of health outcomes, characterizing heterogeneity and study perspective.ConclusionsThere has been an increase in health economics studies in the field of clinical periodontology over the past decade. Several studies did not report study perspective, and the health outcomes chosen were not relevant for some studies. Future studies should follow an economic evaluation checklist for high‐quality reporting and consistency.
Photoprotection according to skin phototype and dermatoses: practical recommendations from an expert panel
Authors: Passeron T. , Lim H.W. , Goh C.‐L. , Kang H.Y. , Ly F. , Morita A. , Ocampo Candiani J. , Puig S. , Schalka S. , Wei L. , Dréno B. , Krutmann J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIncreasing evidence on the impact of the different wavelengths of sunlight on the skin demonstrates the need for tailored recommendations of sunscreen according to skin phototype and dermatoses, which is now possible due to advances in the filters and formulations of sunscreens. A selective literature search was performed by an international expert panel, focusing on the type of sunscreen to recommend for photoaging, skin cancers, photodermatoses, pigmentary disorders and skin inflammatory disorders. Protection against ultraviolet (UV)B is especially important for light skin as there is a high risk of sunburn, DNA damage and skin cancers. Darker skin may be naturally better protected against UVB but is more prone to hyperpigmentation induced by visible light (VL) and UVA. Protection against UVA, VL and infrared A can be helpful for all skin phototypes as they penetrate deeply and cause photoaging. Long‐wave UVA1 plays a critical role in pigmentation, photoaging, skin cancer, DNA damage and photodermatoses. Adapting the formulation and texture of the sunscreen to the type of skin and dermatoses is also essential. Practical recommendations on the type of sunscreen to prescribe are provided to support the clinician in daily practice.
First detection of Herpesvirus anguillae (AngHV‐1) associated with mortalities in farmed giant mottled eel (Anguilla marmorata) in Vietnam
Authors: Panicz Remigiusz , Eljasik Piotr , Nguyen Tuan Thuc , Vo Thi Kim Thinh , Hoang Duat Van 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGiant mottled eel (Anguilla marmorata) farming in Vietnam is a multistage process starting from wild harvest of glass eels through the so‐called “hatcheries” and distribution centres from which individuals are transferred to rearing farms and subsequently sold by one eel farm to another every 3–5 months. The information on viral agents spread and persistence in the Vietnamese eel aquaculture is scarce. Therefore, the mortality of A. marmorata at the Van Xuan Farm was the prerequisite to identify the possible aetiologic agent and additionally to formulate first recommendations for viral disease screening in the Vietnamese eel aquaculture. Juvenile giant mottled eels with haemorrhagic lesions in the skin and liver, and hyperaemia of the gut were tested with qPCR and end‐point PCR for AngHV‐1 presence. Here, we report the first detection of AngHV‐1 associated with mortality in giant mottled eel in winter and spring seasons. On the basis of the obtained results, we recommend to test eel seeds in “hatcheries,” since tropical eel farms operate in interconnected scheme and monitoring of AngHV‐1 prevalence requires well‐implemented measures. Disease screening in the rearing centres and on‐growing facilities should be based on everyday health checks, including by‐catch fish used as a base of the feeding programmes at eel farms in Vietnam.
Impact of hydraulic model resolution and loss of life model modification on flood fatality risk estimation: Case study of the Bommelerwaard, The Netherlands
Authors: Brussee Anneroos R. , Bricker Jeremy D. , De Bruijn Karin M. , Verhoeven Govert F. , Winsemius Hessel C. , Jonkman Sebastiaan N. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFlood simulations are important for flood (fatality) risk assessment. This article provides insight into the sensitivity of flood fatality risks to the model resolution of flood simulations and to several uncertain parameters in the loss of life model used. A case study is conducted for river flooding in a polder in the Netherlands (the Bommelerwaard) where the Dutch approach for loss of life estimation is applied. Flood models with resolutions of 100, 25, and 5 m are considered. Results show locally increased mortality rates in higher resolution simulations nearby structures including road embankments, dikes, and culverts. This causes a larger maximum individual risk value (annual probability of death for a person due to flooding) which has consequences for safety standards based on the individual risk criterion. Mortality rate in the breach zone is also affected by representations of buildings as solid objects versus as roughness elements. Furthermore, changes in the loss of life estimation approach via alternative ways of including people's behaviour, building characteristics, and age of the population, have a significant impact on flood fatality risk. Results from this study can be used to support future risk assessments and decision making with respect to safety standards.
Protein farnesylation negatively regulates brassinosteroid signaling via reducing BES1 stability in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Feng Zengxiu , Shi Hongyong , Lv Minghui , Ma Yuang , Li Jia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBrassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of steroidal phytohormones, playing critical roles in almost all physiological aspects during the life span of a plant. In Arabidopsis, BRs are perceived at the cell surface, triggering a reversible phosphorylation‐based signaling cascade that leads to the activation and nuclear accumulation of a family of transcription factors, represented by BES1 and BZR1. Protein farnesylation is a type of post‐translational modification, functioning in many important cellular processes. Previous studies demonstrated a role of farnesylation in BR biosynthesis via regulating the endoplasmic reticulum localization of a key bassinolide (BL) biosynthetic enzyme BR6ox2. Whether such a process is also involved in BR signaling is not understood. Here, we demonstrate that protein farnesylation is involved in mediating BR signaling in Arabidopsis. A loss‐of‐function mutant of ENHANCED RESPONSE TO ABA 1 (ERA1), encoding a β subunit of the protein farnesyl transferase holoenzyme, can alter the BL sensitivity of bak1‐4 from a reduced to a hypersensitive level. era1 can partially rescue the BR defective phenotype of a heterozygous mutant of bin2‐1, a gain‐of‐function mutant of BIN2 which encodes a negative regulator in the BR signaling. Our genetic and biochemical analyses revealed that ERA1 plays a significant role in regulating the protein stability of BES1.
Efficacy of platelet‐poor plasma gel in combination with fractional CO2 laser in striae distensae: A clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical study
Authors: Gad Samar El‐Sayed , Neinaa Yomna Mazid El‐Hamd , Rizk Omnia Kamel , Ghaly Nahla El‐Sayed Ramzy 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet‐poor plasma gel is a semi‐solid plasma formulation that recently recommended as autologous bio‐filler for treatment of atrophic dermal scars.AimTo compare the therapeutic efficacy and safety of intradermal injection of plasma gel in combination with fractional CO2 laser versus fractional CO2 laser alone in striae distensae (SD).Patients and methodsThis study included 36 SD patients treated by three sessions (one session/1.5 months) of fractional CO2 laser on all SD lesions following intradermal injection of plasma gel on one side and saline (as placebo) on the other side.ResultsSignificant clinical improvements associated with remarkable narrowing of SD lesions and prominent enhancement of skin texture were observed on both treatment sides. Obviously, higher degrees of clinical improvements of SD lesions were reported following combined therapy with fractional CO2 laser and plasma gel rather than fractional CO2 laser monotherapy. However, post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) was reported more frequently with fractional CO2 laser monotherapy. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations revealed significant epidermal improvement, and homogenization, and orientation of dermal collagen bundles as a result of both therapeutic procedures.ConclusionPlasma gel in combination with fractional CO2 laser could be considered a promising novel treatment modality for SD. Plasma gel not only improves the efficacy of fractional CO2 laser but also decreases the frequency of PIH.
A comparative analysis of the substance use and mental health characteristics of nurses who complete suicide
Authors: Choflet Amanda , Davidson Judy , Lee Kelly C. , Ye Gordon , Barnes Arianna , Zisook Sidney 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo describe the substance use and mental health characteristics of nurses who complete suicide compared to non‐nurses.BackgroundNurses are at higher risk of suicide than the general population. The relationship between substance use, mental health and suicide in a large sample of nurses in the USA has not been previously described.DesignRetrospective observational quantitative analysis.MethodsSuicide data were retrospectively analysed in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Violent Death Reporting System from 2003 to 2017. Data were compared between nurses who died by suicide (n = 2,306) and non‐nurses who died by suicide (n = 185,620) using odds ratios calculations and chi‐square test of proportions to detect independent risk factors of suicide completion in nurses. This study followed the STROBE guidelines.ResultsSignificant differences between nurses and non‐nurses were found. Among decedents for whom substances were implicated as a cause of death, nurses were far more likely to be positive at the time of death for almost all substance classifications. Both male and female nurses were more likely than non‐nurses to have a mental health problem reported. Among both female and male nurses, job problems were more prevalent compared to non‐nurses (12.8% and 19.9% versus 7.2% and 11.9%, respectively). Female nurses were more likely to have a physical health problem compared to female non‐nurses, male nurses and male non‐nurses (26.2% versus 21.3%, 22% and 20.4%).ConclusionUnique relationships between substance use and mental health exist among nurses who complete suicide which may offer specific opportunities for interventions to reduce suicide.Relevance to Clinical PracticeEfforts to address workplace stress, facilitate self‐referral for risky substance use, encourage mental health treatment and reduce the stigma associated with seeking help all offer potential interventions to reduce nurse suicide.
Serum kisspeptin levels in polycystic ovary syndrome: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Jing , Qu Ting , Li Zhiyi , Yu Linlin , Zhang Sujuan , Yuan Dongzhi , Wu Haiyan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTo clarify the association of serum kisspeptin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by meta‐analysis.MethodsTwo English databases and two Chinese databases were searched for the relationship between kisspeptin and PCOS published from 2009. After the studies screening according to specific principles, we used STATA 12.0 for meta‐analysis. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and its 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used as the effect size and STATA 12.0 software was performed by this meta‐analysis.ResultsNine articles were included in the end, with a total of 1282 participants (699 patients and 583 controls). Heterogeneity between studies was statistically significant. Therefore, the random effects model was used to combine the effects. Meta‐analysis showed statistically significant differences in serum kisspeptin levels between the PCOS patients and controls (SMD = 0.57, 95% CI [0.32, 0.82]), which indicated that there is a strong association between serum kisspeptin levels and PCOS. The source of high heterogeneity between the inclusion studies (I2 = 73.2%) might be due to the small sample size. The larger variation of kisspeptin concentration might be caused by different diagnosis criteria of PCOS and short half‐time period of kisspeptin combined with nonstandard testing process.ConclusionSerum kisspeptin levels in PCOS patients were higher than non‐PCOS patients. It is a hint to indicate us that kisspeptin might be an independent biomarker of PCOS patients.
Effect of different antiviral regimens on the viral loads in pregnant women with hepatitis B virus infection and their impact on mother‐to‐child transmission
Authors: Xu Bei , Liu Lili , Chen Xuri 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to explore the benefits of different antiviral regimens in pregnant women with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in an attempt to provide scientific reference for clinically relevant interventions.MethodsThe study cohort comprised 64 pregnant women with HBV infection who presented to our hospital from May 2018 to July 2020. The women were grouped according to the treatment administered: a control group consisting of 32 pregnant women who received routine intervention and an observation group consisting of 32 pregnant women who received routine intervention plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) tablets. The two groups were compared in terms of liver function; HBV load (HBV DNA); neonatal characteristics (hepatitis B surface antigen and HBV DNA positivity); levels of interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐4, and IL‐6; neonatal growth and development; Apgar scores; incidence of adverse events; and incidence of maternal adverse effects during treatment.ResultsThe observation group had lower levels of alanine aminotransferase, glutamic acid aminotransferase, IL‐4, IL‐6, and HBV DNA and higher levels of IL‐2 than the control group after 1 month of treatment (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe administration of TDF tablets significantly reduced the HBV DNA levels and did not increase the physiological burden or adverse effects in pregnant women with HBV infection.
Comparison between the effects of feeding copper sulphate‐treated and untreated rapeseed cake containing high glucosinolates on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion and nitrogen metabolism in steers
Authors: Zhao Yuchao , Gao Jian , Xie Biao , Zhao Guangyong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTwo trials were carried out to study the effects of copper sulphate (CuSO4) on detoxifying glucosinolates (GLS) in rapeseed cake (RSC) and compare the effects of feeding CuSO4‐treated and untreated RSC on nutrient digestion and nitrogen (N) metabolism in steers. In Trial 1, different concentrations of CuSO4 solution (1.6 vs. 3.2 g CuSO4·5H2O L−1), soaking temperatures (25 vs. 60°C) and drying methods (air drying at 60°C vs. freeze drying) were allocated in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in vitro. In Trial 2, six steers and dietary inclusions of untreated RSC (control), CuSO4‐treated RSC and CuSO4‐added RSC were assigned in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. CuSO4 treatment in vitro decreased the contents of GLS and thiocyanate (TC) in RSC (p < 0.001). The total amount of GLS and TC decreased by 62.7–68.5% for all treatments. The animal trial showed that CuSO4‐treated RSC inclusion decreased ruminal concentration of valerate (p < 0.01), whereas it did not affect ruminal pH, ammonia N and total volatile fatty acids. Compared with the control, feeding CuSO4‐treated or CuSO4‐added RSC had no effect on plasma concentrations of triiodothyronine and thyroxine, N excretion and N retention. CuSO4‐treated RSC tended to increase neutral detergent fibre digestibility (p = 0.072) and urinary excretion of urea (p = 0.056). Urinary excretion of purine derivatives (p = 0.076) and rumen microbial N supply (p = 0.084) tended to decrease when feeding CuSO4‐treated RSC versus control. TC was found to be the only metabolite of GLS in rumen fluid, plasma and urine. It was feasible to detoxify GLS in RSC using low CuSO4 at room temperature. However, feeding CuSO4‐treated or CuSO4‐added RSC had minor effects on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion and N metabolism in steers. CuSO4 treatment on RSC for feeding steers seems to be unnecessary.
External validation of CAGE‐B and SAGE‐B scores for Asian chronic hepatitis B patients with well‐controlled viremia by antivirals
Authors: Ji Jung Hyun , Park Soo Young , Son Won Jeong , Shin Hye Jung , Lee Hyein , Lee Hye Won , Lee Jae Seung , Kim Seung Up , Park Jun Yong , Kim Do Young , Ahn Sang Hoon , Kim Beom Kyung 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCAGE‐B and SAGE‐B scores, consisting of age and fibrotic burden as cirrhosis and/or liver stiffness, were recently proposed to predict hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk among Caucasian chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients undergoing long‐term antiviral therapy. We externally validated their predictive performances among an independent cohort from Asia, compared to other conventional prediction models. We consecutively recruited CHB patients with well‐controlled viremia (serum HBV DNA < 2000 IU/mL) receiving antiviral therapy. Patients with decompensated cirrhosis or HCC at baseline were excluded. Among 1763 patients, CAGE‐B score provided the highest Heagerty's integrated area under the curve (iAUC) (0.820), followed by SAGE‐B (0.804), mREACH‐B (0.800), CAMD (0.786), mPAGE‐B (0.748) and PAGE‐B (0.721) scores. CAGE‐B score showed a significantly better performance than SAGE‐B, CAMD, PAGE‐B and mPAGE‐B scores, but was similar to mREACH‐B. SAGE‐B score also showed significantly better performance than mPAGE‐B and PAGE‐B, but was similar to CAMD and mREACH‐B. According to CAGE‐B score 0–5, 6–10 and ≥11, the annual HCC incidences were 0.18, 1.34 and 6.03 per 100 person‐years, respectively (all p < 0.001 between each pair). Likewise, by SAGE‐B score 0–5, 6–10 and ≥11, those were 0.31, 1.49 and 8.96 per 100 person‐years, respectively (all p < 0.001 between each pair). Hence, CAGE‐B and SAGE‐B scores showed acceptable predictive performances for Asian CHB patients undergoing antiviral therapy, with the higher performance by CAGE‐B score. They show a trend towards better prognostic capability to predict HCC risk than previous models.
Efficacy of an accelerated double‐dose hepatitis B vaccine regimen in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Rodríguez‐Tajes Sergio , Pocurull Anna , Lens Sabela , Mariño Zoe , Olivas Ignasi , Soy Guillem , Alonso Anna , Vilella Anna , Forns Xavier 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe hepatitis B (HBV) vaccine is recommended in unvaccinated adults with cirrhosis, despite its low efficacy. We aimed to evaluate the response to a double‐dose/accelerated vaccine schedule in patients with cirrhosis admitted into a hepatology ward. All patients with cirrhosis admitted to the hepatology ward without exclusion criteria were offered the HBV HBVAXPRO 40mcg vaccine at months 0, 1 and 2. Non‐responders received a second cycle. We evaluated 468 patients and only 19% were seroprotected against HBV. In 196 patients without exclusion criteria for HBV vaccination, the per protocol response rate (anti‐HBs >10 U/ml) was 23% after a first cycle and 59% after a second cycle. The overall response per intention to treat was only 23%. We have not identified predictors of response. Only one patient had a mild adverse event. Most patients with cirrhosis admitted in the hepatology ward are unprotected against HBV. Although a second HBV vaccination cycle increases the response rate, the poor overall response reinforces the implementation of HBV vaccination before the development of cirrhosis.
Small Samples in Instructed Second Language Acquisition Research
Authors: LOEWEN SHAWN , HUI BRONSON 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis commentary discusses the issue of small samples in instructed second language acquisition research. We discuss the current state of affairs, and consider the disadvantages of small samples. We also explore other considerations regarding sample size, such as research ethics and ecological validity. We present a range of recommendations for researchers to address the issue of small samples. Recommendations include (a) engaging in sample size planning, (b) opting for appropriate designs and analytical approaches, (c) reporting the constraints that sample size places on the interpretation of findings, and (d) cultivating a culture of collaboration and open science.
“Kneel, compañero:” Monsignor Quixote's Sacramental Adventure
Authors: Comerford Peter J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGraham Greene's Monsignor Quixote illustrates an ecclesiology of friendship through the title character's relationship with Sancho. Quixote is depicted as a holy fool, who is able to bring his companero back to the faith by his open mutual mediation with him. Greene has not strayed from orthodoxy, but has developed his theology compared to his earlier novels
A systematic review of economic evaluations of web‐based or telephone‐delivered interventions for preventing overweight and obesity and/or improving obesity‐related behaviors
Authors: Brown Vicki , Tran Huong , Downing Katherine L. , Hesketh Kylie D. , Moodie Marj 
Published: March 2021

SummaryObesity prevention interventions with behavioral or lifestyle‐related components delivered via web‐based or telephone technologies have been reported as comparatively low cost as compared with other intervention delivery modes, yet to date, no synthesized evidence of cost‐effectiveness has been published. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of economic evaluations of obesity prevention interventions with a telehealth or eHealth intervention component. A systematic search of six academic databases was conducted through October 2020. Studies were included if they reported full economic evaluations of interventions aimed at preventing overweight or obesity, or interventions aimed at improving obesity‐related behaviors, with at least one intervention component delivered by telephone (telehealth) or web‐based technology (eHealth). Findings were reported narratively, based on the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards. Twenty‐seven economic evaluations were included from 20 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Sixteen of the included interventions had a telehealth component, whereas 11 had an eHealth component. Seventeen interventions were evaluated using cost‐utility analysis, five with cost‐effectiveness analysis, and five undertook both cost‐effectiveness and cost‐utility analyses. Only eight cost‐utility analyses reported that the intervention was cost‐effective. Comparison of results from cost‐effectiveness analyses was limited by heterogeneity in methods and outcome units reported. The evidence supporting the cost‐effectiveness of interventions with a telehealth or eHealth delivery component is currently inconclusive. Although obesity prevention telehealth and eHealth interventions are gaining popularity, more evidence is required on their effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness.