bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technology for Draining Heavy, Poorly Water-Permeable Soils with Two-Tier Drainage
Authors: Balun O V , Semchuk N N , Gladkih S N 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The described technology refers to the hydro-technical construction of drainage systems. The design purpose is to drain surface and groundwater from waterlogged heavy, poorly water-permeable farmland soils. The method includes making two-tier drainage with lower tier consisting of dehumidifiers, which are a drainage tube with a protective filter filled to a height of 10 cm with a sand and gravel mixture, and the upper tier made of non-cavity drains. The plan location of the upper tier drains is perpendicular to the lower tier drains. A column of sand and gravel mixture is arranged at the intersection of the upper and lower tiers. The technology allows reducing the volume of the filter drainage backfill by 1.5–2.0 times while maintaining a high drainage rate and reliable hydraulic connection of the arable horizon with the drainage pipe while reducing the material consumption of the proposed structure by reducing the volume of the drainage backfill made of sand and gravel mixture.
The Effect of Xylanase on the Buckwheat Starch Hydrolysis
Authors: Buchilina A S , Gunkova P I , Barakova N V , Butylev A V , Trofimov A A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
With the growing demand for alternative dairy products, there is growing interest in plant-based fermented foods. The plant base should be a favorable environment for lactic acid bacteria, that is, contain easily digestible carbohydrates. Therefore, a necessary stage in the production of a fermented product from plant materials is the preliminary hydrolysis of starch. When obtaining a base from buckwheat flour, an increased viscosity of the mixture of flour and water is observed. Non-starchy polysaccharides (hemicellulose and cellulose) increase the viscosity of the product. Xylanase enzymes can be used to hydrolyze non-starch carbohydrates. In the experiment, the xylanase enzyme in various doses was added to a mixture of buckwheat flour and water at 40 °C. The amylolytic enzyme was simultaneously added. The sample without xylanase was the control. Studies have shown that the introduction of xylanase into a mixture of buckwheat flour and water leads to a decrease in the viscosity of the mixture compared to the control by 38.21% and 25.69%, depending on the amount of xylanase. The xylanase enzyme can be used to lower the initial viscosity of the mixture and to maximize the efficiency of the buckwheat starch hydrolysis process.
Studying the Feeding of a Buffer Multicomplex in the Diet of Newly Calved Highly Productive Cows
Authors: Chuprina E G , Yurin D A , Vlasov A B , Kushtanok S A , Yurina N A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The research has been carried out to study the feeding of the buffer multicomplex in the diet of newly calved highly productive cows. The studied feed additive includes sodium bicarbonate, magnesium oxide, vitamin-mineral premix, probiotic complex, yeast complex, chalk, monocalcium phosphate, phosphate salt, organic chromium, essential oil extracts. In animals of the group where 0.5 kg of compound feed was replaced with 0.5 kg of a buffered probiotic multicomplex, the daily milk yield was significantly higher by 10.9% than in the control. The cost of dry matter for the production of 1 kg of milk decreased in the experimental group relative to the control by 8.6%, the cost of crude protein–by 5.8%. Biochemical parameters of blood serum of all cows corresponded to the norm. In the control, the level of glucose in the blood serum of cows was 3.1 ± 0.20 mole / l; in the experimental group, there was a significant increase in this level by 12.9% within the normal range, which indicates an improvement in carbohydrate metabolism in the body of cows in the new calving period in the experimental group. The level of alkaline phosphatase significantly increased in the second group by 53.4. This indicates an improvement in mineral metabolism in the body of the cows in the experimental group. The microbiological indicators of the ruminal fluid of cows were within the normal range. The results of washing feces on the analyzer showed that the best digestibility of fiber was observed in the experimental group.
Aerosol Management of Nutrients in Aeroponic Potato Mini-Tubers Cultivation Technology
Authors: Devederkin I V , Antonov S N , Permyakov A V 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe purpose of the article presented by the authors is to substantiate developments on improving the automated aeroponic technology for growing healthy seed potato mini-tubers, disclosing an improved technology for supplying charged aerosol droplets of nutrients. The article presents the results of testing the nutrient management system. The prospect is to realize the possibility of stimulating the root system by electrophysical factors that increase the efficiency of plant nutrition. The supply of nutrient aerosol to the roots of the plant is accompanied by the injection of a charged stream of oxygen into the chamber. This mixture is ejected from the improved nozzle under some pressure. Falling on the fibers of the root, the drops remain on the surface and do not roll down. There are also drawings showing the constructive novelty of aeroponic technology. It is recommended to use the electrostatic drip charging method. This method allows you to get a high dosage accuracy of plant root coverage. The prospect of such a modification is manifested not only in energy saving, but also in new possibilities for managing the growth of the root system.
Application of a Growth Regulator Based on 24-Epibrassinolide in Sugar Beet Cultivation Technology
Authors: Dorozhkina L A , Poddimkina L M , Larina G E , Narezhnaya E D 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To suppress weeds in the crops of sugar beets, 2 to 5 treatments with herbicides are carried out, which worsens the quality of the resulting plant products and increases the risk of the formation of populations of weeds resistant to herbicides. To reduce the application rate of the herbicide in sugar beet crops, growth regulators based on the active ingredient–24–epibrassinolide were used, which increases the culture’s resistance to unfavorable environmental factors. It has been experimentally shown that the use of a growth regulator in a tank mixture with a 23% lower rate of herbicide applicaition in the growth phase of a BBCH 12–14 crop increased the herbicidal effect and promoted active growth of the crop. This technique had a positive effect on the quantity and quality of the sugar beet root crop. A statistically significant effect is shown from the use of 24-epibrassinolide in a tank mixture with a fungicide, as a result of which an increase in the adaptive potential of a cultivated plant against fungal diseases (the causative agent of micromycetes Cercospora beticola, Phoma
betae) was observed.
Improvement of Culture Medium for Cultivation of Citrobacteria
Authors: Dyptan O N , Ozheredova N A , Verevkina M N , Svetlakova E V , Gvozdetsky N A , Bondarenko V V 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of research on the cultivation of citrobacteria on culture media. In the experiment, culture media were used, both selective ones for citrobacteria–Simmons and Endo media, and universal ones for facultative anaerobes–meat-peptone agar (MPA). The composition of the studied culture media was injected with various concentrations of a TS-1 growth stimulant of microorganisms, which is a culture liquid of kombucha, with the production and manufacturing technology of which the authors worked. As a result of the studies, the authors found that the introduction of the 2% TS-1 growth stimulator into Simmons agar medium during the cultivation of citrobacteria gives an increase in the bacterial mass by 1.5 times more on the MPA medium and by 2 times more on the Endo medium in comparison to other concentrations of TS-1.
Classification of the Non-Chernozem Zone regions of Russia by Agro-Climatic and Soil Indicators
Authors: Egorova E V , Semkiv M V , Farinyuk Yu T , Vasiliev A S 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Agro-climatic and soil conditions are fundamental factors for effective agricultural production, which must be taken into account when determining the priority directions for the development of agriculture in the regions. The Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia includes regions, some of which are similar in agro-climatic and soil conditions, others are very different. To facilitate the task of setting targets, it is advisable to classify the regions. At the same time, to develop a classification, it is sufficient to use a certain number of indicators characterizing agro-climatic and soil conditions. When classifying the subjects of the Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia, two methods of cluster analysis were considered and described in the article: the method of hierarchical tree classification and K-Mean cluster based segmentation method. The results obtained by the two methods almost completely coincided, which indicates the objective existence of the identified groups of regions. The subjects of the Non-Chernozem Zone were divided into four groups; each significantly differs from another in terms of agro-climatic and soil indicators underlying the classification. The suggested classification can serve as a starting point in designing a state program for the development of agriculture, as well as the basis for further analysis of the efficiency of agriculture, while the labor intensity of work will be significantly reduced due to the compression of the information environment.
Features of Reproduction of Dairy Cattle of the “Levochsky” Breeding Enterprise of the Novgorod Region
Authors: Emelyanov E G , Botvinova S L 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In modern conditions of intensification of dairy cattle breeding, it is necessary to increase or maintain at a certain level the livestock of cattle. With a general decrease in the indicators of the dairy cattle breeding industry in the region under study, it is necessary to search for ways and methods of organizing production that would improve the efficiency of the manufactured products. As an example, the results of the work of a breeding farm are offered, which successfully solves the problems facing it in the reproduction of the breeding stock and receives seven thousandth milk yield with a high content of mass fraction of fat in milk from farmed cows. In the course of the research, the features of herd reproduction in the breeding reproducer of Ayrshir cattle of the agricultural production cooperative “Levochsky” in the Novgorod region were studied. The article presents tabular data with the main indicators of reproduction of the studied breeding reproducer and an analysis of these data. The conducted research shows that the breeding reproducer of the agricultural production cooperative “Levochsky” successfully solves the issues of reproduction of its dairy herd applying modern methods and technologies of livestock breeding. But for a stable position of the enterprise as a breeding farm, it is necessary to increase the output of calves per hundred cows to at least 85%. In the course of research, the authors found that in order to achieve real success in dairy production, it is necessary to engage not only in reproduction, but also in selection and breeding work in general. Based on the studies carried out, well-grounded conclusions were made about the need to further increase the efficiency of work on the reproduction of the breeding stock of the studied breeding reproducer.
Influence of Phosphatide Content in the Unrefined Sunflower Oil on Its Thermal and Rheological Properties
Authors: Fedorov A V , Volkov S M , Novoselov A G , Fedorov A A , Tambulatova E V , Krylov V A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The results of a study of the effect of the content of phosphatides in sunflower oil on its heat capacity and viscosity are presented. These studies are needed for more accurate calculations of thermal and hydrodynamic conditions in the technology of production and processing of sunflower oil. New results can become the basis for further understanding of the nature of the structure of sunflower oil under various conditions in real processes. This complements the fundamental knowledge and theory of heat and mass transfer. The adaptation of general experimental and data processing techniques to the conditions of the task is presented. Recommendations for reducing the time of experiments are proposed. New data on heat capacity and viscosity values have been obtained for unrefined sunflower oil with different fatty acid composition, for a wide range of operating parameters from 20 to 140 °C, with a phosphatide content from 0.005 to 0.9683 g/100 g. An unambiguous correlation has been established between the thermal and rheological properties of unrefined sunflower oil. The results show that these properties can have a significant impact on equipment efficiency and oil quality. The developed and repeatedly tested research methodology can be successfully applied to other oils and other conditions.
Wastewater Treatment from Heavy Metal Ions
Authors: Gladkih S N , Semchuk N N 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to the sorption treatment of industrial effluents, which contain heavy metal ions (HMI) by the natural clay mineral kaolinite - an activated adsorbent. The main sources of HMI receipts are revealed - industrial and agricultural production. The influence of heavy metals on human health is considered. The results of studies of wastewater treatment using filtration through an activated adsorbent of Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cr6+, ions, mixed waste are presented. Dolomite and magnetite were chosen as activators. The optimal composition of activators has been determined. When using the proposed method of wastewater treatment, separation into streams of chromium-containing and acid-base wastewater is excluded. The high quality of purified water with an activated adsorbent makes it possible to use it in closed water use systems. The cheapness and availability of natural clay adsorbents, high performance properties, allow us to offer it as an industrial sorbent.
Regulation of the Limousine cows’ and Heifers’ Reproductive Function
Authors: Guminskaya E Yu , Sidunov S V , Loban R V , Sidunova M N , Lebedev N A , Lupolov T A , Battawy Kh El 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Methods for regulating the cows’ reproductive function have been introduced into agricultural practice long ago. In most cases, the schemes existing in the Republic of Belarus are used in dairy farming. The present study is aimed at studying the effectiveness of using the “CO-Synch” scheme with subsequent resynchronization on Limousine beef cows and heifers using pharmacological agents, taking into account the animals age and the calving season. It has been found that the use of the sexual cyclicity synchronization-stimulation “CO-Synch” scheme contributed to the achievement of cows’ breeding efficiency in 43.9–55.5% of cases. The initial injection of hormonal preparations to heifers has contributed to fertile conception in 9.0–12.5–47.6% of cases. Resynchronization has increased their breeding efficiency to 50.0–63.6%. The best breeding efficiency of 60.0–61.5% has been observed in cows aged 5–9 years. Pregnancy has been found in 75.0% of animals calved in winter, 71.9% in spring, and 66.7% in summer.
Chemical Composition of Buckwheat Groats from Various Russian Manufacturers
Authors: Gunkova P I , Buchilina A S , Ishevskiy A L , Pchelina E A , Nikolaev I A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Buckwheat groats is produced from buckwheat seeds. Buckwheat is characterized by a unique chemical composition, which determines its highest nutritional value and functional properties. The indicators of the chemical composition of buckwheat are of great importance in the production of plant-based fermented alternative dairy products. The chemical composition is characterized by a wide range of fluctuations in the quantitative content of components depending on the climatic zone of buckwheat growth and weather conditions during the vegetative period. The objects of this study were the samples of the top-grade quick-cooking unground buckwheat groats of the “Mistral”, “Agro-Alliance”, “Uvelka”, “Altaiskaya skazka” brands. This article shows that the considerable differences were observed in the content of fat, protein, and starch in buckwheat. It was found that in the unground buckwheat produced by various Russian manufacturers in the spring of 2021 an average protein content was 18.67%, fat–4.6%, carbohydrates–62.21%, and the content of starch was on average 49.78%. These indicators of the chemical composition of unground buckwheat groats should be considered when developing fermented alternative buckwheat-based dairy products.
Morphological Composition of Wool of Tuvan Coarse-Wooled Breeding Goats
Authors: Irgit R S , Khodusov A A , Ponomareva M E , Ondar S N , Salburyn R S 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The aim of this article was to determine the morphometric properties of wool coat in relation to weight and age of animals. The objects of the study were Tuvan coarse-wooled bucks from farms located in the Republic of Tyva (Russia) on the border with Mongolia. Goat wool samples were taken from the side behind the scapula for examination using an OFDA 2000 optical hair diameter analyzer. It was found that there is no correlation between body weight and down length, with down length having a correlation with total wool length at the 0.48 level. The average diameter of the fibers in the staple correlates positively with the peak value of the histogram (0.47), while the dependence of down length on its diameter is weakly negative (–0.19). It was found that there are animals in the population with a down hair length of more than 7 cm, and with a histogram peak of 16 μm. We believe that there is genetic potential in the population of aboriginal Tuvinian coarse-wooled goats to create herds with down productivity with fine down (cashmere) free from transitional type fibers and satisfying industry requirements in terms of length.
Research on the Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions from Model Solutions by Humic Acids Isolated from Sapropel
Authors: Isakov V A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of research on adsorption of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Pb2+ ions from model solutions with concentrations of 2–25 mg/dm3 under static conditions using humic acids isolated from the sapropel of Lake Lipovo, Novgorod region as an adsorbent. Adsorption equilibrium in the model solution-adsorbent systems occurs in 2 hours. The kinetic curves of adsorption of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Pb2+ ions from model solutions by humic acids are described with a pseudo-second order kinetic model; consequently, the limiting stage of the adsorption process is the chemical interaction between heavy metal ions and functional groups of humic acids in a 1:1 ratio. The kinetic constants of the adsorption of heavy metal ions by humic acids have been calculated. It was found that the adsorption of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Pb2+ ions occurs on the surface of the sorbent; the Langmuir equation is most acceptable for describing the process. The constants of adsorption equilibrium in the model solution-sorbent systems are calculated according to the Langmuir equation. The study of the adsorption of heavy metal ions on humic acids isolated from the sapropel of Lake Lipovo, Novgorod region, has shown the perspective of using sorbents for purifying industrial wastewaters.
Biotechnological Techniques to Improve Regenerative Abilities of Liver Tissue in Experimental Cholestasis
Authors: Kashaeva M D , Proshin A V , Proshina L G , Gavrilova K V 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The study examined the effect of plant hepatoprotectors obtained in the process of biotechnological techniques and thermal effects on liver tissue to prevent the destruction of cell membranes and stimulate regenerative processes in hepatocytes in experimental models (12 dogs). All animals underwent complex conservative therapy, including a plant hepatoprotector with the code name GTPS-4, containing a purified dry extract from the fruits of milk thistle, dry extract from tansy, St. John’s wort, turmeric, birch leaves and immortelle flowers. Conservative therapy was combined with thermal effects on the liver tissue to enhance reparative regeneration. The combination of herbal preparations and contact coagulation techniques gave the best result, and the optimal combination of herbal preparations in the form of collection was also proposed. The structural and functional state of the liver was assessed according to the results of morphological studies. The performed complex therapy significantly improves the condition of the liver tissues, its regenerative abilities and normalizes homeostasis indicators. The inclusion of plant hepatoprotectors in complex conservative therapy is a promising direction in the development of biotechnology in hepatology.
Automated Forest Inventory and Integrated Digitalization of Wood Resources
Authors: Khlyustov V K , Yurchuk S A , Khlystov D V , Ganikhin A M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to solution of the issue of automated forest inventory and digitalization of wood resources by means of technical tools of distance probing of the Earth, methods of analytical decoding of forest canopy indicators and application of information-reference systems of forest taxation normative standards related to complex estimation of wood resources.
Separatory Freezing and Cryoconcentration of Milk and Whey
Authors: Korotkiy I A , Korotkaya E V , Neverov E N , Plotnikov I B , Efremov D A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A significant problem in the food industry is the lack of raw materials. At the same time, a significant part of the resources is not used for obtaining food products. This kind of food raw material includes whey, which contains a large amount of valuable components, in particular whey proteins and lactose. The article discusses the results of research devoted to the development of industrial technology for separating freezing (cryoconcentration) of skim milk and curd whey to obtain concentrated skim milk, as well as whey protein concentrate in low-tonnage production conditions. The research was carried out on products manufactured by dairy enterprises in Kemerovo, Russia.