bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF ROOM MICROCLIMATE AND CONDITIONS MAINTENANCE ON PRODUCTIVITY CALF OF THE MILK PERIOD
Authors: Varpikhovskyi R. , Kucherenko O. 
Published: April 2021

There is a direct relationship that the microclimate of the room affects the growth and development and health of calves. Temperature and humidity are also important. Comfortable conditions for animals depend on it.
It is established that the most promising is the individual keeping of dairy calves, in contrast to the group, it completely eliminates the contact of animals, thus preventing the spread of infections between them. In addition, it creates guaranteed conditions for normalized feeding of animals according to their age and level of development and allows, if necessary, to individually adjust the level of rearing. This contributes to the creation in the production environment of a simple, clear and manageable system of growing young.
Pengaruh Emisi co2 dari Sektor Perumahan Perkotaan Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Global
Authors: Kurdi Siti Zubaidah 
Published: April 2021

Pembangunan perumahan telah menyumbang emisi gas rumah kaca khususnya gas CO2 dalam jumlah yang cukup besar. Emisi CO2 yang ditimbulkan secara langsung maupun tidak langsung antara lain berasal dari energi yang digunakan untuk berbagai aktivitas yang dapat dikelompokan dalam aktivitas domestik, transportasi, limbah padat dan cair dan bahan bangunan untuk hunian dan sarana dan prasarana lingkungan. Perubahan alih fungsi lahan juga berpengaruh terhadap timbulan gas CO2. Pepohonan, kawasan hijau dan badan air berfungsi negatif terhadap CO2 karena berfungsi sebagai zink gas tersebut. Pengembangan rumah melebihi Koefisien Dasar Bangunan (KDB) menurunkan kenyamanan lingkungan dan meningkatkan emisi CO2. Tulisan ini membahas jumlah emisi CO2 yang ditimbulkan oleh pembangunan suatu lingkungan perumahan perkotaan. Metoda analisis deskriptif dan eksploratif digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penentu emisi CO2. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa makin banyak rumah yang dikembangkan makin banyak gas yang teremisikan. Emisi gas CO2 terbesar berasal dari energi listrik yang digunakan untuk kegiatan domestik. Kenyamanan lingkungan perumahan akan dicapai apabila dapat terjadi keseimbangan antara gas yang timbul dan daya serap lingkungan. Salah satu usaha penurunan emisi CO2 dapat dilakukan melalui perencanaan dan perancangan bangunan dan kawasan.
Kajian Kualitas Kompos Sampah Organik Rumah Tangga
Authors: Darwati Sri 
Published: April 2021

Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah no 16 tahun 2005, tentang Pengembangan Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum menggariskan kebijakan dalam pengolahan sampah dengan metode yang ramah lingkungan, terpadu, dengan mempertimbangkan karakteristik sampah, keselamatan kerja dan kondisi sosial masyarakat setempat. Komposisi sampah di perkotaan di Indonesia secara umum terdiri atas sampah organik 70% dan an organik 30%. Pengomposan merupakan alternatif pengolahan sampah organik, yang mana dari 70% sampah organik, 40% nya dapat dikomposkan. Kompos mengandung makro dan mikro nutrein yang sangat bermanfaat sebagai pengkondisi tanah (soil conditioner) sehingga pengomposan sebagai solusi pengolahan sampah yang ramah lingkungan yang menghasilkan nilai tambah berupa kompos yang secara ekonomi menguntungkan. Metode pengumpulan data sekunder kualitas kompos dari berbagai hasil penelitian dan kompos yang dijual dipasaran. Metode analisis secara deskriptif berdasarkan dengan pengelompokan kualitas kompos berdasarkan jenis sampah pasar dan rumah tangga; pengelompokan kualitas kompos berdasar sistem pengolahan dan analisis kualitas kompos dibandingkan dengan standard Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kualitas kompos sampah organik masih belum memenuhi standar spesifikasi kualitas kompos. Beberapa parameter fisik, kandungan nutrien N dan P masih rendah serta ditemui kompos yang mengandung logam berat dan bakteri coli. Direkomendasikan kompos harus disertai dengan pemilahan yang baik untuk mencegah kontaminan yang berbahaya, pengontrolan kualitas selama proses dan penambahan nutrien untuk meningkatkan kandungan kualitasnya agar memenuhi standar.
Perilaku Rangka Struktur Baja Konstruksi Bangunan Sederhana Terhadap Uji Monotonik Simulasi Beban Gempa
Authors: Wuryanti Wahyu 
Published: April 2021

Struktur rangka baja merupakan salah satu tipe yang dituangkan dalam pedoman pembangunan bangunan sederhana tahan gempa, walaupun dalam penggunaannya lebih banyak dimanfaatkan untuk bengkel, gudang dan fungsi usaha lainnya. Padahal sebagai konstruksi prefabrikasi, penggunaan jenis struktur ini memiliki beberapa keuntungan seperti kepraktisan dan kecepatan dalam pelaksanaan konstruksi serta kualitas bahan yang terkontrol. Hal itulah pada akhir-akhir ini penggunaan bahan bangunan berbasis material baja mulai diminati dan dicari inovasi untuk konstruksi rumah. Dalam tulisan ini akan menguraikan hasil kajian eksperimental sistem struktur baja sebagai pemikul beban lateral. Pengujian menggunakan empat buah spesimen portal baja dua dimensi dengan model portal berbeda sesuai dengan model rangka yang banyak digunakan, yaitu (1) portal terbuka, (2) portal dengan bresing, (3) portal terbuka dengan dinding pengisa tanpa pengait geser antara kolom dan dinding dan (4) portal terbuka dengan dinding pengisi yang menggunakan pengait geser. Pembebanan menggunakan metoda beban statik monotonik untuk mengetahui kapasitas struktur memikul beban lateral.
Peremajaan Permukiman Melalui Keswadayaan Masyarakat (Membangun dengan potensi masyarakat di Cigugur Tengah, Cimahi, Jawa Barat)
Authors: Marwati Gundhi 
Published: April 2021

Tumbuhnya permukiman kumuh di daerah perkotaan pada umumnya akibat dari kebutuhan perumahan yang belum terpenuhi bagi masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah. Penerapan penataan kembali kawasan kumuh di Cigugur Tengah-Cimahi diharapkan sebagai model yang bisa diterapkan di berbagai daerah yang kondisinya sama. Cigugur Tengah adalah salah satu kawasan di kota Cimahi yang letaknya sangat strategis, terletak dekat perbatasan kota Bandung dan kota Cimahi. Karena kawasan tersebut berdampingan dengan kawasan industri, maka keberadaan kaum buruh yang jumlahnya cukup tinggi menyebabkan banyak yang menyewa atau mendirikan pondok-pondok secara ilegal. Tidak terkendalinya pembangunan perumahan Cigugur Tengah, menyebabkan kawasan tersebut mengalami penurunan kualitas lingkungan secara keseluruhan. Adanya program peremajan kawasan kumuh pemerintah kota Cimahi, akan memberi peluang untuk peremajaan permukiman kawasan Cigugur Tengah. Dalam konsep ini, selain menerapkan konsep membangun tidak menggusur, juga diterapkan konsep membangun keswadayaan masyarakat berkelanjutan.
Potensi Tanaman Dalam Menyerap Co2 DAN Co untuk Mengurangi Dampak Pemanasan Global
Authors: Kusminingrum Nanny 
Published: April 2021

Pemanasan global adalah adanya proses peningkatan suhu rata-rata atmosfir, laut dan daratan bumi. Suhu rata-rata global pada permukaan bumi telah meningkat 0.74 ±0.18° C selama seratus tahun terakhir. IPCC (Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change) menyimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar peningkatan temperatur rata-rata global sejak pertengahan abad ke 20 kemungkinan besar disebabkan oleh menigkatnya konsentrasi gas-gas rumah kaca akibat aktifitas manusia. Gas-gas rumah kaca, antara lain : uap air, karbondioksida dan metana. Gas-gas ini menyerap dan memantulkan kembali radiasi gelombang yang dipancarkan bumi, sehingga panas tersebut akan tersimpan pada permukaan bumi. Hal ini akan terjadi berulang-ulang dan mengakibatkan suhu rata-rata tahunan bumi terus meningkat. Ada beberapa cara yang dapat mengurangi peningkatan temperatur bumi tersebut, antara lain melalui : penambahan ruang terbuka hijau. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, perlu kiranya dilakukan penelitian manfaat tanaman untuk meminimasi pemanasan global yang dewasa ini sedang mencuat. Pada penelitian ini dikaji besarnya reduksi CO oleh berbagai jenis pohon, jenis perdu dan jenis semak secara mandiri, maupun kombinasi ketiganya. Metoda yang digunakan adalah metoda experimental melalui teknik observasi di laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa reduksi CO terbesar untuk : a) jenis pohon yaitu tanaman Ganitri (Elaeocarpus sphaericus) sebesar 81.53 % (0.587 ppm) ; b) jenis perdu yaitu Iriansis (Impatien sp) sebesar 88.61 % (0.638 ppm) ; c) jenis semak yaitu: Philodendron (Philodendron sp) sebesar 92.22 % ( 0.664 ppm); serta d) tanaman gabungan, yaitu Galinggem + Kriminil Merah dengan perbandingan 2 : 1 sebesar 79.22 % (0.244 ppm). Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa setiap tanaman mempunyai kemampuan yang berbeda dalam menyerap polutan CO, demikian pula apabila tanaman–tanaman tersebut dikombinasikan. Untuk itu, dapat dipilih jenis tanaman yang sesuai dengan maksud dan tujuan pemilihannya, kemudahan didapatnya, kemudahan dalam pemeliharaannnya
Pemahaman Masyarakat Mengenai Bencana Di Lingkungan Kampung Kota Di Yogyakarta
Authors: Damanik Imelda Irmawati , Setiawan Bakti , Roychansyah Muhammad Sani , Usman Sunyoto 
Published: April 2021

Kampung kota merupakan bagian kota di Indonesia yang tumbuh spontan dan organik. Fungsi utamanya adalah permukiman, yang tumbuh mengisi ruang-ruang kota secara informal dari pusat hingga ke wilayah tepi kota. Namun istilah kampung tidak hanya memberikan gambaran mengenai permukiman, tetapi ikut di dalamnya serangkaian simbol-simbol yang menggambarkan kemiskinan, kepadatan, kekumuhan dan keterbatasan. Kondisi kampung kota yang erat dengan kemiskinan, kepadatan, kekumuhan dan keterbatasan infrastruktur menjadi aspek yang membentuk kerentanan pada kota, sebab kemungkinan jika terjadi bencana, maka kerugian yang kemungkinan terjadi lebih besar jika penduduknya kurang memahami kebencanaan dan tinggal di kondisi lingkungan padat. Namun dalam kenyataannya, kampung kota tumbuh dari waktu ke waktu dan tetap bertahan dari bencana yang terjadi hingga. Hal ini menjadi menarik karena di tengah kekurangan dan keterbatasan, kampung kota memiliki daya tahan tersendiri. Kemampuan untuk bertahan ini merupakan bagian dari ketangguhan kota. Hal ini harus digali lebih dalam lagi karena kampung kota adalah elemen pembentuk kota Yogyakarta dan menjadi perhatian semua pihak, terlebih pada proses perencanaan wilayah dan pelaksanaan pembangunan kota. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi informasi dan pengetahuan kebencanaan masyarakat kampung kota Yogyakarta secara kuantitatif. Kuesioner digunakan untuk mendapatkan data apa dan bagaimana bencana yang terjadi di kampung kota. Dari hasil penelitian akan diperoleh pengetahuan masyarakat kampung kota mengenai kebencanaan, sumber pengetahuan kebencanaan dan kemampuan mitigasi. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai acuan penyusunan program mitigasi yang lebih terukur sehingga lebih dapat dipahami oleh masyarakat kampung kota, yang pada akhirnya diharapkan dapat mendorong partisipasi masyarakat dalam membangun ketangguhan lokal.
Empowering Women through Financial Inclusion in Zimbabwe Is the Gender Gap Not Encroaching This Noble Cause?
Authors: Lettiah Gumbo  , Precious Dube  , Muhammad Ridwan  
Published: April 2021

One of the most effective catalysts of economic growth of any nation is obviously financial inclusion. However, in developing countries such as Zimbabwe gender gap is still an impediment to the achievement of financial inclusion for all. Research findings for this paper show that, increasing women’s financial opportunities and financial awareness on how to access financial products and services will go a long way in reducing the gender gap. Furthermore, increasing access to and use of quality financial products and services is essential to inclusive economic growth and poverty reduction. Although the government of Zimbabwe is taking steps to increase women financial inclusiveness, research shows that women in Zimbabwe trail behind men in as far as access to financial services is concerned. Zimbabwean communities remain dominantly patriarchal and women are always lagging behind in developmental projects meant for their empowerment. This paper seeks to assess the implementation of women’s financial inclusion highlighting opportunities and barriers such as the gender gap and how this may be overcome. The study is qualitative in nature and therefore makes use of interviews and questionnaires for data collection. It is envisioned by the researchers that the research findings will be beneficial to women; their empowerment and development and national development. It is hoped to change the way in which the banking and financial sectors deal with women’s financial inclusion for the betterment of their livelihoods. Furthermore, women’s financial empowerment will improve livelihoods of many families given the caring nature of mothers, sisters, aunts and grandmothers.
Genetic Etiologies in Developmental and/or Epileptic Encephalopathy With Electrical Status Epilepticus During Sleep: Cohort Study
Authors: Gong Pan , Xue Jiao , Jiao Xianru , Zhang Yuehua , Yang Zhixian 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundRecently, the electroencephalogram pattern of electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES) had been reported in some genetic disorders, and most of them were noted with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) or epileptic encephalopathy (EE). This study aimed to determine the genetic etiologies and clinical characteristics of ESES in DEE/EE.MethodsWe performed a cohort study in cases of DEE or EE with ESES. Tio-based genetic testing was performed in 74 cases and was analyzed to identify underlying variants.ResultsPathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were identified in 17/74 cases, including KCNQ2 (n = 6), KCNA2 (n = 5), GRIN2A (n = 3), SLC9A6 (n = 1), HIVEP2 (n = 1), and RARS2 (n = 1). Eleven were boys. The median age at seizure onset was 6 months. ESES occurred at the mean age of 2.0 ± 1.2 years, predominant in the Rolandic region in 14 years. Twelve of 17 cases had the first stage of different epilepsy preceding ESES: 2/12 were diagnosed as Ohtahara syndrome, 2/12 were diagnosed as infantile spasms, 3/12 were diagnosed as DEE, and 5/12 were diagnosed as EE without the epileptic syndrome.ConclusionMonogenic variants explained over 20% of DEE/EE with ESES. ESES could be an age-related feature in genetic disorders and occurred after the first stage of different epilepsy. Both age-related factors and genetic etiology were suggested to play a role in the occurrence of ESES in genetic DEE/EE.
Biofilm-Innate Immune Interface: Contribution to Chronic Wound Formation
Authors: Versey Zoya , da Cruz Nizer Waleska Stephanie , Russell Emily , Zigic Sandra , DeZeeuw Katrina G. , Marek Jonah E. , Overhage Joerg , Cassol Edana 
Published: April 2021

Delayed wound healing can cause significant issues for immobile and ageing individuals as well as those living with co-morbid conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. These delays increase a patient’s risk for infection and, in severe cases, can result in the formation of chronic, non-healing ulcers (e.g., diabetic foot ulcers, surgical site infections, pressure ulcers and venous leg ulcers). Chronic wounds are very difficult and expensive to treat and there is an urgent need to develop more effective therapeutics that restore healing processes. Sustained innate immune activation and inflammation are common features observed across most chronic wound types. However, the factors driving this activation remain incompletely understood. Emerging evidence suggests that the composition and structure of the wound microbiome may play a central role in driving this dysregulated activation but the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these processes require further investigation. In this review, we will discuss the current literature on: 1) how bacterial populations and biofilms contribute to chronic wound formation, 2) the role of bacteria and biofilms in driving dysfunctional innate immune responses in chronic wounds, and 3) therapeutics currently available (or underdevelopment) that target bacteria-innate immune interactions to improve healing. We will also discuss potential issues in studying the complexity of immune-biofilm interactions in chronic wounds and explore future areas of investigation for the field.
Mortality Benefit of Convalescent Plasma in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bansal Vikas , Mahapure Kiran S. , Mehra Ishita , Bhurwal Abhishek , Tekin Aysun , Singh Romil , Gupta Ishita , Rathore Sawai Singh , Khan Hira , Deshpande Sohiel , Gulati Shivam , Armaly Paige , Sheraton Mack , Kashyap Rahul 
Published: April 2021

Importance/Background: With a scarcity of high-grade evidence for COVID-19 treatment, researchers and health care providers across the world have resorted to classical and historical interventions. Immunotherapy with convalescent plasma (CPT) is one such therapeutic option.Methods: A systematized search was conducted for articles published between December 2019 and 18th January 2021 focusing on convalescent plasma efficacy and safety in COVID-19. The primary outcomes were defined as mortality benefit in patients treated with convalescent plasma compared to standard therapy/placebo. The secondary outcome was pooled mortality rate and the adverse event rate in convalescent plasma-treated patients.Results: A total of 27,706 patients were included in the qualitative analysis, and a total of 3,262 (2,127 in convalescent plasma-treated patients and 1,135 in the non-convalescent plasma/control group) patients died. The quantitative synthesis in 23 studies showed that the odds of mortality in patients who received plasma therapy were significantly lower than those in patients who did not receive plasma therapy [odds ratio (OR) 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53–0.80, p &lt; 0.0001, I2 = 15%). The mortality benefit remains the same even for 14 trials/prospective studies (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.43–0.81, p = 0.001, I2 = 22%) as well as for nine case series/retrospective observational studies (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.65–0.94, p = 0.01, I2 = 0%). However, in a subgroup analysis for 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), there was no statistically significant reduction in mortality between the CPT group compared to the non-CPT group (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.53–1.08, p = 0.13, I2 = 7%). Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis of 10 RCTs, excluding the study with the highest statistical weight, displayed a lower mortality rate compared to that of non-CPT COVID-19 patients (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.42–0.97, p = 0.04, I2 = 0%). The observed pooled mortality rate was 12.9% (95% CI 9.7–16.9%), and the pooled adverse event rate was 6.1% (95% CI 3.2–11.6), with significant heterogeneity.Conclusions and Relevance: Our systemic review and meta-analysis suggests that CPT could be an effective therapeutic option with promising evidence on the safety and reduced mortality in concomitant treatment for COVID-19 along with antiviral/antimicrobial drugs, steroids, and other supportive care. Future exploratory studies could benefit from more standardized reporting, especially in terms of the timing of interventions and clinically relevant outcomes, like days until discharge from the hospital and improvement of clinical symptoms.
Safety and Efficacy of Degradable Starch Microspheres Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (DSM-TACE) in the Downstaging of Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in Patients With a Child-Pugh Score of 8-9
Authors: Minici Roberto , Ammendola Michele , Manti Francesco , Siciliano Maria Anna , Minici Marco , Komaei Iman , Currò Giuseppe , Laganà Domenico 
Published: April 2021

According to the EASL Guidelines for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization is the first-line treatment recommended for intermediate-stage HCC. Furthermore, it is widely accepted that patients beyond the Milan criteria can be considered for a liver transplant after successful downstaging to within the Milan criteria. Response to downstaging treatments significantly influences not just drop-outs, but also the rate of post-transplantation tumor recurrences. TACE with degradable starch microspheres represents an alternative to conventional TACE with lipiodol and TACE with drug-eluting beads, and it leads to transient arterial occlusion allowing lower activation of hypoxia-inducible factors and less release of vascular endothelial growth factor, a promoter of neoangiogenesis, tumor proliferation, and metastatic growth. In patients with intermediate-stage HCC and a Child-Pugh score of 8 or 9, life expectancy may be dominated by cirrhotic liver dysfunction, rather than by the tumor progression itself; hence, locoregional treatments might also be detrimental, precipitating liver dysfunction to an extent that survival is shortened rather than prolonged. Data on tolerability, toxicity, and effectiveness of DSM-TACE are limited but encouraging. Between January 2015 and October 2020, 50 consecutive patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma and a Child-Pugh score of 8/9, who had undergone DSM-TACE as the first-line treatment, were eligible for the study. A total of 142 DSM-TACEs were performed, with a mean number of 2.84 procedures per patient. The mean time-to-downstaging was 19.2 months, with six patients successfully downstaged. OS was about 100% at six months, 81.8% at 12 months, and 50% at 24 months. Twenty-two patients experienced adverse events after chemoembolization. The median OS and safety of DSM-TACE in this study are comparable with other published investigations in this field. Furthermore, 12% of patients were successfully downstaged. Hence, the results of the current investigation demonstrate that DSM-TACE is effective and safe in intermediate-stage HCC, achieving an interesting downstaging rate. Such data were observed in the population subset with a Child-Pugh score of 8 or 9, in which life expectancy may be determined by cirrhotic liver dysfunction, so the achievement of a balance between the safety and efficacy profile of the TACE treatment is crucial.