bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic Cytotoxic Effect of Honey bee venom and Cisplatin on Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Khalil Sabreen Gamal , El-Bolok Amr Helmy Mustafa , El-Gayar Sherif Farouk , Sholkamy Maii Ibrahim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Cancer is a serious issue that has a significant effect on the health of all human communities. Tongue cancer is one of the most common head and neck cancers in the world. In the medical world, cancer therapy is a major challenge. Nowadays, natural compounds are important resources of many anti-cancer medications. Venom from honey bees possesses potent anti-cancer effects. Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug that has been used for decades to treat cancer cells. Recently, Combination therapy has been a popular treatment choice for cancer patients.This study aimed to investigate the synergistic cytotoxic effect of honey bee venom (BV) and cisplatin on tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line (SCC-25).Methods: The cytotoxic effect was determined using Methyl Thiazol Tetrazolium (MTT) assay, microscopic examination, P53 and caspase-3 were quantified by Real-Time Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and statistical analysis.Results: The findings revealed that the tested drugs' cytotoxic potential against SCC-25 cells is dose dependent. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of MTT assay of BV/cisplatin mix decreased significantly compared to IC50 values of BV and cisplatin in sole formulation. Microscopic examination showed that BV and cisplatin alone and in combination mainly produced apoptotic cell death. Regarding RT-PCR results, P53 and caspase-3 expression were significantly increased in SCC-25-treated cells (P= 0.0001).Conclusions: The combined use of BV and cisplatin induced marked synergistic cytotoxic effect on SCC-25 cell line.
The Prediction of Chronicity in Patients with Acute and Sub-Acute Non-Specific Low Back Pain and Associated Risk Factors: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Sadeghi-Yarandi Mohsen , Ghasemi Mohammad , Ghanjal Ali , Sepandi Mojtaba , Soltanzadeh Ahmad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Chronic low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in different countries that people of any age can experience many times. This study aimed to predict the chronicity of non-specific acute and sub-acute LBP and related risk factors among cases referred to physiotherapy clinics.Methods: This case-control study was performed among 420 patients suffered from acute, sub-acute and chronic LBP referred to two physiotherapy centers in Tehran-Iran in 2020. Data were obtained using the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Pain Catastrophic Scale (PCS-13), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-11), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Walker's Health-Promoting Lifestyle Questionnaire, Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Data analysis was performed by applying independent sample t-test, chi-square, and multiple logistic regression in SPSS software version 25. IBM Amos version 22 was employed for path analysis.Results: The mean age and body mass index in all patients were 43.94 ± 6.72 years and 25.69 ± 3.54 kg.m-2, respectively. It was found that some demographic parameters (i.e. weight, BMI, job, type of occupational task performance, history of low back pain, work shift, underlying diseases and income), some cognitive parameters ( i.e. fear-avoidance beliefs, kinesiophobia, catastrophic pain, and depression), some lifestyle parameters (i.e. health responsibility, physical activity and interpersonal relationships), sleep quality and pain related disability were among the most critical risk factors in the chronicity of acute and sub-acute LBP (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Personal, psychological, and psychosocial parameters can be among the most critical predictors in the chronicity of acute and sub-acute non-specific LBP. Hence, paying attention to all the mentioned factors at the beginning of patients' treatment to create a targeted treatment algorithm and prevent the conversion of acute and sub-acute into chronic LBP has particular importance.
A Combination of Blood Lymphocytes and AST Levels Distinguish Patients with Small Hepatocellular Carcinomas from Non Cancer Patients.
Authors: Carr Brian I. , Bag Harika Gozukara , Ince Volkan , Akbulut Sami , Ersan Veysel , Usta Sertac , Isik Burak , Ogut Zeki , Tuner Adem , Yilmaz Sezai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
PurposeHCC patients typically present at an advanced tumor stage, in which surgical therapies cannot be used. Screening ultrasound exams can increase the numbers of patients diagnosed with small tumors, but are often not used in patients at risk for HCC. We evaluated clinically-available and cheap potential blood tests as biomarkers for screening patients at risk for HCC.MethodsA comparison was made of commonly used blood count and liver function parameters in a group of patients (n=101) with small HCCs (<3cm) or without HCC (n=275), who presented for liver transplantation in our institute. ResultsSignificant differences were found for blood lymphocytes and AST levels. This 2-parameter combination was found to be significantly different between patients with small HCCs versus no HCC. Using the combination of lymphocytes and AST levels to dichotomize the HCC patients, only blood levels of alpha-fetoprotein amongst the tumor characteristics, were found to be significantly different amongst the 2 HCC groups, as well as levels of blood total bilirubin, ALKP and PLR ratio. The results were confirmed using a separate smaller cohort of non-transplanted small size HCC patients.ConclusionThe combination of elevated blood levels of lymphocyte counts and AST levels holds promise for screening of patients with chronic liver disease who are at risk for HCC.
The Dark Triad Moderates the Association Between Orthorexia Nervosa and Relationship (Dis)Satisfaction
Authors: Brunett Kaitlin , Oberle Crystal 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
PurposePast research has revealed a link between orthorexia nervosa (ON) and relationship dissatisfaction, which has in turn been found to be correlated with the Dark Triad traits. The current study investigated the association ON has with seeking out relationships and with relationship satisfaction, while also assessing a potential moderating effect of the Dark Triad.MethodRecruited from Reddit forums, 788 adults completed an online survey with scales assessing ON symptomology, relationship satisfaction, relationship seeking, and the Dark Triad. ResultsGreater ON symptomatology was associated with greater levels of all aspects of the Dark Triad (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy), as well as with lower levels of relationship satisfaction (among those in committed romantic relationships) and a lower likelihood of seeking new romantic relationships (among single participants). A regression analysis revealed that the Dark Triad moderated the association between ON and relationship satisfaction, whereby this association was not significant at high levels of the Dark Triad. ConclusionThe current research highlights that at low and medium levels of the Dark Triad, greater ON symptomology is associated with lower levels of satisfaction in romantic relationships. Level of evidenceLevel V, descriptive cross-sectional study
Paper-based genetic assays with bioconjugated gold nanorods and an automated readout pipeline
Authors: Borri Claudia , Centi Sonia , Chioccioli Sofia , Bogani Patrizia , Micheletti Filippo , Gai Marco , Grandi Paolo , Laschi Serena , Tona Francesco , Barucci Andrea , Zoppetti Nicola , Pini Roberto , Ratto Fulvio 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPaper-based biosensors featuring immunoconjugated gold nanoparticles have gained extraordinary momentum in recent times as the platform of choice in key cases of field applications, including the so-called rapid antigen tests for SARS-CoV-2. Here, we propose a revision of this format, one that may leverage on the most recent advances in materials science and data processing. In particular, we focus on an amplifiable DNA rather than a protein target, and we assess the replacement of gold nanospheres with anisotropic nanorods, which are about 10-fold brighter and multiplexable. ResultsBy comparison with a gold-standard method for dot-blot readout with digoxigenin, we show that gold nanorods entail much faster and easier processing, at the cost of a higher detection limit (from below 1 to 10 ppm in the case of plasmid DNA containing a target transgene). In addition, we test a complete workflow for systematic acquisition and machine-learning regression of photographs of dotblot membranes as a tool to gain more analytical sensitivity and potential for quantification. A leaveone-out strategy for training and validation with as few as 36 sample instances already improves the detection limit reached by the naked eye by a factor around 2. ConclusionsTaken together, we conjecture that the synergistic combination of new materials and innovative tools for data processing may bring the analytical sensitivity of paper-based biosensors to approach the level of lab-grade molecular tests.
On Different Aspects of The Optical Rogue Waves Nature
Authors: Belic Milivoj R. , Nikolic Stanko N , Ashour Omar A. , Aleksic Najdan B. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Rogue waves are giant nonlinear waves that suddenly appear and disappear in oceans and optics. We discuss the facts and fictions related to their strange nature, dynamic generation, ingrained instability, and potential applications. We present rogue wave solutions to the standard nonlinear Schrödinger equation that models many propagation phenomena in nonlinear optics. We propose the method of mode pruning for suppressing the modulation instability of rogue waves. We demonstrate how to produce stable Talbot carpets –-- recurrent images of light and plasma waves –-- by rogue waves, for possible use in nanolithography. We point to instances when rogue waves appear as numerical artefacts, due to an inadequate numerical treatment of modulation instability and homoclinic chaos of rogue waves. Finally, we display how statistical analysis based on different numerical procedures can lead to misleading conclusions on the nature of rogue waves.
Orthopaedic Surgical Intervention and Type I Osteoporosis Are Risk Factors For Acute Febrile Reaction After Zoledronic Acid Treatment For Osteoporosis: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Wu Hongliang , Zheng Sihang , Tian Ye , Zhang Enchong , Xing Ruida , Hossain Mohammad Showkat , Jing Shengjie , Gong Helong , Li Yan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAcute febrile reaction often occurs though zoledronic acid is a widely used first-line drug for osteoporosis. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and risk factors of acute febrile reaction after zoledronic acid in the orthopaedic field, including surgical intervention.Methodsa total of 517 patients diagnosed with primary osteoporosis and treated with zoledronic acid from January 2012 to December 2020 were collected, including 40 males and 477 females, 262 patients with type I, 255 patients with type II, 230 patients with fresh fracture, and 209 patients with the operation. Summarize the characteristics of overall fever rate, fever degree, occurrence time, and duration of the acute febrile reaction. The effects of gender, white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), type of osteoporosis, degree of osteoporosis, fresh fracture, operation, and zoledronic acid medication history on acute febrile reaction were analyzed by univariate, logistic regression, ROC curve analysis. The differences in fever rate in different fracture operation sites were further compared.ResultsIn 517 patients, 175 cases (33.85%) developed acute febrile reaction within 36h after medication with less than 60h duration. Univariate analysis showed significant differences in NLR, type and degree of osteoporosis, fresh fracture, operation, and zoledronic acid history between the fever and non-fever groups (P<0.05). Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis further showed that the fever rate of patients with the operation was higher (OR = 1.975, P < 0.01, area under ROC curve was 0.654). The fever rate of patients with type I osteoporosis was higher ((OR = 2.137, P < 0.01, area under ROC curve was 0.437), and the fever rate of patients with zoledronic acid history was lower ((OR = 0.124, P < 0.01, area under ROC curve was 0.340). The fever rate of joint fracture patients (56.60%) was significantly higher than that of spine fracture patients (38.54%) (P < 0.05).ConclusionWhen zoledronic acid was used to treat primary osteoporosis in orthopaedic patients, the rate of acute febrile reaction was 33.85%, orthopaedic surgical intervention, type I osteoporosis, and the first zoledronic acid treatment might be independent risk factors.
EmPHasis-10 Health-Related Quality of Life and Exercise Capacity in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension After Balloon Angioplasty: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sakamoto Hayato , Goda Ayumi , Tobita Kazuki , Takeuchi Kaori , Kikuchi Hanako , Inami Takumi , Tamura Yuichi , Kohno Takashi , Yamada Shin , Soejima Kyoko , Satoh Toru 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Whether pulmonary haemodynamic parameters and functional capacity are associated with quality of life (QoL) in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate disease-specific QoL with the emPHasis-10 questionnaire and assess its determinants in CTEPH patients with normalised pulmonary haemodynamics.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 143 patients with CTEPH (median age, 68 [58–75] years; men/women, 51/136; use of home oxygen therapy [HOT], 51 patients [27%]) after balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) with normalised mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) <25 mmHg at rest. Right heart catheterisation was performed, followed by the 6-minute walk test (6MWD) and the emPHasis-10 questionnaire.
Results
The median PAP and pulmonary vascular resistance were 18 (15–21) mmHg and 2.2 (1.7–2.9) Wood units, respectively. The median emPHasis-10 score was 14 (range, 8–24), whereas the median 6MWD was 447 (385–517) m. Univariate linear regression analysis showed that the emPHasis-10 score was associated with 6MWD (β = -0.476 [95% CI -0.604, -0.348], p < 0.001) and HOT (β = 0.214 [95% CI 0.072, 0.356], p = 0.003), but not with haemodynamic parameters. Multiple regression analysis revealed that a higher emPHasis-10 score was associated with lower 6MWD (β = -0.475 [95% CI -0.631, -0.319], p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Health-related QoL was associated with exercise capacity and the use of HOT, but not haemodynamic parameters, in patients with CTEPH after BPA with normalised haemodynamics. Improvements in exercise capacity may lead to further improvements in QoL.
Discussion on the damping factor and improvement of the Levenberg-Marquardt method
Authors: Zhu Wenwu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The ill-posed problem is the key obstacle to obtain the accurate inversion results in the geophysical inversion field, and the Levenberg-Marquardt1, 2(hereinafter referred to as the L-M method) method has been widely used as it can effectively improve the ill-posed problems. However, the inversion results obtained by the L-M method are usually stable but incorrect, the reason is that the damping factor in the L-M method is difficult to solve, and it is usually approximated with a positive constant by experience or through some fitting methods. This paper uses the binary gravity model to demonstrate that the damping factor in the L-M method cannot be regarded as a positive constant only, it should have the following characteristics: (i) the damping factor is a vector, not just a constant; (ii) the values of the vector are composed of both positive and negative constants, not just positive constants; (iii) the corresponding value in the vector is close or equal to ∞ when the corresponding density block’s value is close or equal to zero. Even if the above characteristics have been found in the L-M method, it is difficult to reasonably estimate the damping factor as the damping factor oscillate severely due to the third characteristic, and the improved L-M method is proposed which effectively avoids the damping factor’s severe oscillation problem. The strategy of obtaining the reasonable damping factor is given finally.
Upregulation of TGF-b-induced HSP27 by HSP90 inhibitors in osteoblasts
Authors: Kuroyanagi Gen , Tokuda Haruhiko , Fujita Kazuhiko , Kawabata Tetsu , Sakai Go , Kim Woo , Hioki Tomoyuki , Tachi Junko , Matsushima-Nishiwaki Rie , Otsuka Takanobu , Iida Hiroki , Kozawa Osamu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Heat shock protein (HSP) 90 functions as a molecular chaperone and is constitutively expressed and induced in response to stress in many cell types. We have previously demonstrated that transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b), the most abundant cytokine in bone cells, induces the expression of HSP27 through Smad2, p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38 MAPK, and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. This study investigated the effects of HSP90 on the TGF-b-induced HSP27 expression and the underlying mechanism in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Methods: Clonal osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with the HSP90 inhibitors and then stimulated with TGF-b. HSP27 expression and the phosphorylation of Smad2, p44/p42 MAPK, p38 MAPK, and SAPK/JNK were evaluated by western blot analysis. Result: HSP90 inhibitors 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxy-geldanamycin (17-DMAG) and onalespib significantly enhanced the TGF-b-induced HSP27 expression. HSP90 inhibitors, geldanamycin, onalespib, and 17-DMAG did not affect the TGF-b-stimulated phosphorylation of Smad2. Geldanamycin did not affect the TGF-b-stimulated phosphorylation of p44/p42 MAPK or p38 MAPK but significantly enhanced the TGF-b-stimulated phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK. Onalespib also increased the TGF-b-stimulated phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK. Furthermore, SP600125, a specific inhibitor for SAPK/JNK, significantly suppressed onalespib or geldanamycin’s enhancing effect of the TGF-b-induced HSP27 expression levels. As for the canonical BMP signaling pathway, BMP-4 failed to induce the expression of HSP27 in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Conclusion: Our results strongly suggest that HSP90 inhibitors upregulated the TGF-b-induced HSP27 expression and that these effects of HSP90 inhibitors were mediated through SAPK/JNK pathway in osteoblasts.
A Multivariate Multi-Step LSTM Forecasting Model for Tuberculosis Incidence With Model Explanation in Liaoning Province, China
Authors: Yang Enbin , Zhang Hao , Guo Xinsheng , Liu Zhen , Liu Yuanning 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: In addition to COVID-19, tuberculosis (TB) is the respiratory infectious disease with the highest incidence in China. We aim to design a series of forecasting models and find the factors that affect the incidence of TB, thereby improving the accuracy of the incidence prediction. Results: In this paper, we developed a new interpretable prediction system based on the multivariate multi-step Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model and SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) method. Moreover, four accuracy measures are introduced into the system: Root Mean Square Error, Mean Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Percentage Error, and symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error. Meanwhile, the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model and seasonal ARIMA model are established. The multi-step ARIMA-LSTM model is proposed for the first time to examine the performance of each model in the short, medium, and long term, respectively. Compared with the ARIMA model, each error of the multivariate 2-step LSTM model is reduced by 12.92%, 15.94%, 15.97%, and 14.81% in the short term. The 3-step ARIMA-LSTM model achieved excellent performance, with each error decreased to 15.19%, 33.14%, 36.79%, and 29.76% in the medium and long term. We provide the local and global explanation of the multivariate single-step LSTM model in the field of incidence prediction, pioneering. Conclusion: The multivariate 2-step LSTM model is suitable for short-term forecasts, and the 3-step ARIMA-LSTM model is appropriate for medium- and long-term forecasts. In addition, the prediction effect was better than similar TB incidence forecasting models. The SHAP results indicate that the five most crucial features are maximum temperature, average relative humidity, local financial budget, monthly sunshine percentage, and sunshine hours.
Cytotoxic and Radiosensitising Effects of a Novel Thioredoxin Reductase Inhibitor in Brain Cancers
Authors: Yao Anqi , Storr Sarah J. , Inman Martyn , Barwell Lucy , Moody Christopher J. , Martin Stewart G. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The thioredoxin (Trx) system, a key antioxidant pathway, represents an attractive target for cancer therapy. This study investigated the chemotherapeutic and radiosensitising effects of a novel Trx reductase (TrxR) inhibitor, IQ10, on brain cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms. Five brain cancer cell lines and a normal cell type were used. TrxR activity and expression were assessed by insulin reduction assay and Western blotting respectively. IQ10 cytotoxicity was evaluated using growth curve, resazurin reduction and clonogenic assays. Radiosensitivity was examined using clonogenic assay. Reactive oxygen species levels were examined by flow cytometry and DNA damage assessed by immunofluorescence. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related genes expression was examined by RT-PCR array. IQ10 significantly inhibited TrxR activity but did not affect the Trx system protein expression in brain cancer cells. The drug exhibited potent anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects against brain cancer cells under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions in both 2D and 3D systems, with IC50s in the low micromolar range. It was up to ~1000 fold more potent than temozolomide. IQ10 substantially sensitised various brain cancer cells to radiation, with such effect being due, in part, to functional inhibition of TrxR, making cells less able to deal with oxidative stress, and leading to increased oxidative DNA damage. IQ10 significantly downregulated EMT associated gene expression suggesting potential antiinvasive and antimetastatic properties. This study suggests that IQ10 is a potent anticancer agent, and could be used as either a single agent or combined with radiation, to treat brain cancers.