bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescent determination of nitroaniline isomers based on ultrasensitive hydrophilic TPE sensors
Authors: Zhong Jingxiang , Gao Yu , Gao XiangYu , Yuan Ye , Tang Yongxing , Huang Wei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Nitroaniline compounds are widely used as explosives and also in the industrial production process. However, as one group of rich-nitro materials, it is hard to discriminate nitroaniline isomers from other energetic materials. Hereby, TPE derivatives with mono-, di-, tetra-substituted hydrophobic alkyl chain and hydrophilic quaternary ammonium salt chain were synthesized and characterized. Their fluorescence properties and AIE characteristics were comprehensively studied through fluorescence spectra, fluorescence lifetime, and fluorescence yield. The hydrophilicity and number of substituents both have a great impact on their AIE effect. The obtained hydrophobic TPE2Br and di-substituted hydrophilic TPE2N were investigated as explosive sensors. TPE2Br has fluorescent turn-on response to the tested explosives. TPE2N has unique fluorescent turn-off response to the nitroaniline isomers. By adding nitroaniline isomers were added to the TPE2N solution, the fluorescence intensity quenched to varying degrees. While to other explosives, it demonstrates fluorescent turn-on effect. The quenching constant Ksv of TPE2N to 4-NA is 1.24 *107 and its limit of detection (LOD) is 0.47 μM. TPE2N could work as an ultrasensitive, low-cost and rapidly responsive sensor for the recognition of nitroanilines.
The mass distribution of behind-armor debris generated during the normal penetration of an explosively formed projectile on rolled homogeneous armor steel
Authors: Wei Guoxu , Guo Rui , Li Xiangdong , Zhang Dongjiang , Xu Hongwei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
To obtain the mass distribution law of behind-armor debris(BAD) produced by EFP vertically penetrating armored steel, the numerical simulation calculation of EFP vertically penetrating targets with different thicknesses (30mm ∼ 70mm) at different impact velocities (1600m/s ∼ 2000m/s) was carried out by using the numerical simulation method verified by experiments. Several classical natural fragment mass distribution models are used to study the mass distribution of the BAD generated by EFP and the target plate. The results show that the classical Mott formula is not suitable for describing the mass-quantity distribution of the BAD generated by warhead penetration, while the two-parameter Weibull distribution is a good fit for the mass distribution of the BAD, but both of them depend on the total number of fragments, and it is impossible to ensure that small debris is completely collected in the test. Therefore, it is often impossible to determine the total number of debris. In contrast, the Held distribution does not depend on the total number of debris, and the correlation coefficient of fitting results for the mass distribution of BAD is closest to 1, indicating that the Held distribution is the most suitable for describing the mass distribution of BAD. According to the variation of the characteristic parameter of Held distribution with the thickness of the target plate and EFP impact velocity, the mathematical expression between the characteristic parameter of Held formula and the dimensionless initial condition is established. Based on the Held distribution, a prediction model of the mass distribution of the BAD is established, which takes into account the impact velocity of EFP and the thickness of the target plate. The model estimation is in good agreement with the simulation results, which proves the accuracy of the established model.
Numerical simulation study for blast loadings of moving cylindrical charges in free air
Authors: Wang M T , Cheng Y H , Wu H 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the context of the current epidemic of terrorism and the threat of potential military strikes, it is extremely important to calculate the power of weapons quickly and accurately represented by warheads, which usually explodes as cylindrical charge at high velocity. To predict the blast loading of the warheads, numerical simulation studies of the moving cylindrical charges exploded in free air were carried out. Firstly, a three-stage finite element analysis method for moving charge explosion was proposed based on the finite element software AUTODYN, the reliability of which was verified by the existing explosion tests. Then, the numerical simulations of both the stationary and moving cylindrical charges explosions were conducted, and the blast wave field and loadings were analyzed. It indicates that, (i) for the stationary charge explosion scenario, the blast wave field and loadings of the center ignition charge are both distributed symmetrically, and the blast loadings corresponding to the end and lateral side of the charge are higher than the transition region. Comparatively, the blast loadings of the tail-end ignition charge at the end near the ignition point is lower than the opposite end; (ii) for the moving charge explosion scenario, the blast wave field propagates forward, with the blast loadings increasing in the direction of charge movement and decreasing in the opposite direction, at the moving velocity of 4 Ma, the peak overpressure of front blast wave could increase around 35.7% ∼ 71.7% and 48% ∼ 65.1% in center ignition and tail-end ignition scenarios, respectively. Finally, the distribution characteristics of the overpressure and impulse shape factors are analyzed. The engineering calculation model for predicting the blast loadings of moving cylindrical charge was further proposed.
Damage Effect of Reactive Composite Jet on Concrete Obstacles Study
Authors: Ruize Sun , Guichao Liao , Shengyu Guo , Zhijun Wang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
To more efficiently remove concrete obstacles, a reactive composite lined shaped charge structure was designed, and experiments have proven its effectiveness in demolishing concrete obstacles. Based on the Autodyn numerical simulation software, a simulation analysis was conducted on the damage process of concrete obstacles. The results showed that cracks appeared along the direction of least resistance from the penetrating hole inside the concrete target after the activation of reactive materials. As the cracks expanded and connected, the concrete target was ultimately completely destroyed. Additionally, it was found that there was a significant negative correlation between the hit position of the warhead relative to the center of the concrete target and its damage effect.
Research on Material Model of Brick Block Based on Ballistic Penetration
Authors: Hu XB , He L , Cui HL , Jia ZJ , Wen XM , Li CH , Liu ZY 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the face of the need for soldiers to strike targets behind walls in military activities and counter-terrorism operations, while preventing projectiles from penetrating walls and harming other non military targets, this paper conducts research on brick blocks material models based on Autodyn software to analyze the penetration of pointed oval projectiles into 24cm thick brick walls. This article first studied the material models and obtained two sets of material models suitable for brick blocks, namely the Riedel-Hiermaier-Thomamodel material model and the Drucker Prager material model. Based on material models of different brick blocks, the finite element simulation of the penetration process of a pointed oval shaped projectile into a 24cm thick brick wall was carried out using Autodyn software, and the remaining velocity and offset angle of the projectile after penetrating the wall were obtained. By comparing and analyzing the simulated data with experimental data, it was found that the residual velocity of the brick block calculated using the RHT model had an error of 8.9% compared to the experimental results, and the error between the offset distance and the experimental results was 25%. This can accurately calculate the penetration ability of the projectile into the brick wall, providing guidance for predicting the trajectory of the projectile after penetrating the wall to a certain extent.
Numerical simulation study of composite targets with typical protective materials against shaped charge jet penetration
Authors: Yuanchen Zhao , Xin Jia , Zhengxiang Huang , Bin Ma , Yuqiu Niu , Yuehan Su 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In order to study the law of composite target of typical protective materials against shaped charge jet penetration, five materials, namely corundum block concrete, high strength ceramic, reinforced concrete, armored steel and steel fiber concrete, were selected, and four composite target schemes were designed, and a three-dimensional model of shaped charge jet-air-composite target was established. Numerical simulation was carried out by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, and the composite target was analyzed in terms of the composite target invasion aperture diameter, invasion depth, and the morphology of the invasion aperture, respectively. The results show that: the composite target of the four schemes are stronger than the reinforced concrete target of the same size; the steel fiber concrete layer can effectively improve the composite target’s radial expansion ability, the corundum block concrete layer can make the direction of the jet penetration significantly shifted, the high-strength ceramic layer can effectively improve the composite target’s resistance to axial penetration, and the armored steel layer has a significant impact on the end section of the jet penetration process.
Dimensional Analysis of Bullet Structure Parameters on Residual Velocity of Penetrating AAC Masonry Blocks
Authors: Li Jinming , Sui Chaojie , Mai Ruimin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In order to reveal the influence of bullet structure on the terminal effect of penetrating autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks, tests on the penetration of AAC blocks by bullets with four different structures were conducted. The corresponding residual velocities were obtained through high- speed photography, and the analysis of masonry block damage was carried out. Based on this, a numerical simulation model was established to predict the residual velocity and a dimensional analysis method was used to establish the relationship between bullet structure and residual velocity. The results show that, from the perspective of block damage patterns, the diameter of the damage on the impact face is close to the bullet diameter, and the exit diameter exceeds four times the entry diameter. The dimensionless equation obtained based on test results aligns well with the test results. The reliability of the relationship was verified through simulation data, and it can be used to estimate the penetration of bullets into AAC blocks and provide a reference for bullet head design.
Optimization method for energy storage configuration of renewable energy stations for multi-application scenarios
Authors: Ge Chenyi , Tan Zhe , Pan Zheng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the unclear strategy of configuration of energy storage (ES) for renewable energy stations (RESs) and unclear application scenarios, a two-layer optimization model for ES configuration of RESs for multi-application scenarios is proposed, which considers smoothing active power fluctuation, meeting the requirements of prediction index assessment and reducing the curtailment rate of RESs. The lower-layer model receives the power and capacity of ES from the upper-layer model and calculates the minimum curtailment of the RESs under the requirements of meeting the maximum limit of power change (MLOPC) and prediction assessment indexes. The upper model calculates the most economical scheme of storage configuration based on the curtailment of the RESs delivered by the lower model. Finally, the proposed method is verified by the actual operation data of wind farms (WFs).
Analysis of successive commutation failure influence on power angle stability of large power grid
Authors: Wang Ming , Zhu Yuanzhen , Jia Zhaohao , Chen Yiheng , Sun Runjia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Successive commutation failure seriously threatens the safe operation of large AC/DC power grids, which may lead to cascading failures across regional power grids. Firstly, from the perspective of reactive power exchange in AC/DC systems, the cause of successive commutation failure is analyzed. Then, taking a simplified three-zone AC/DC interconnected system as an example, the variation of the relative power angle of the synchronous generator in the AC system during the successive commutation failure process is analyzed based on the equal-area criterion. Finally, simulation analysis is conducted on the power angle changes when the successive commutation failure occurs at the Shaoxing converter station.
Power quality enhancement of three-phase solar photovoltaic system-based generalized integrator controlled UPQC
Authors: Li Cong , Song Kai , Sun Jiawen , Huang Boyan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As distributed generation becomes increasingly prevalent, providing reliable and stable electrical energy to the grid is of paramount importance. Therefore, precise monitoring of grid voltage is necessary in order to synchronize compensating current and voltage with the grid. The Dual Second-Order Generalized Integrator (DSOGI) can extract the fundamental positive sequence component from three-phase grid signals, enabling accurate determination of grid phase and current signals for rapid and precise grid compensation. This paper presents a control algorithm for extracting and compensating UPQC reference signals based on the Second-Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI). The improved photovoltaic-fed Unified Power Quality Conditioner System (PV-UPQC) is verified and analyzed under conditions of unbalanced grid voltage, current harmonics, as well as voltage sags and swells. It can be demonstrated that the enhanced system exhibits superior adaptability to the grid.
Deep learning-based fusion of CT-MRI modalities in medical imaging
Authors: Chang Zirun , Zhang Wulin , Liu Xuan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of important feature loss, unprominent detail performance and unclear texture in multimodal medical image fusion, a method for the fusion of computed tomography (CT) images with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images by using Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) and Wavelet Transform is proposed. The generator is for the high-frequency feature image, and the double discriminator is for the fused image after inverse transformation. The high frequency feature image is fused by the GAN model, and the low frequency feature image is fused by Wavelet Transform. Experimental results show that compared with the current advanced fusion algorithms, the proposed method has richer texture details in subjective performance, and the contour edge information is clearer and more prominent. The fused image can be effectively applied to medical diagnosis and further improve the diagnosis efficiency.
Preparation of N-rich Porous Carbon Nanomaterial
Authors: Sarma Partha P. , Baro Mridula 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The incorporation of heteroatoms, such as N, B, P, and O can enhance the electrical, mechanical, and semiconducting properties of carbon materials. Recent studies suggest that doping with these heteroatoms can play a vital role in enhancing the performance of carbon materials for advanced technological applications. In this work, N-doped porous carbon nanomaterial has been developed from low-cost glucose and conducting polymer using hydrothermal carbonization and oxidative polymerization methods. A diamine polymer poly (para-phenylenediamine) has been chosen as the N-rich precursor during the synthesis of the material. FESEM image of the material reveals a coating of poly (para-phenylenediamine) onto the carbon nanostructure. EDS analysis shows a high N (17 wt.%) content of the material sample.
Large Kerr Nonlinearity and Slow Group Velocity of Weak Probe in Quantum Dot Nanostructures
Authors: Hussain Minhaz Al , Basumatary Thulunga , Shyam Abhijit , Mukherjee Rohit , Borgohain Nitu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper presents the dynamics of Kerr nonlinearity and the phenomenon of slow group velocity in a Quantum Dot (QD) system, using the mechanism of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Employing a three-level QD setup and leveraging a ladder-type excitation approach, we analyse the interaction between a weak probe pulse and a strong control beam. By employing density matrix formalism, we derive the expressions for both linear and nonlinear optical susceptibilities, along with first-order linear dispersion terms. Our findings reveal that susceptibilities in the QD system, both linear and nonlinear, can be finely adjusted to desired probe frequencies through control parameter manipulation. Moreover, under the EIT regime, we observe the Kerr susceptibility on the order of 10−12 m2 V2 at a probe wavelength 1.359 μm. Additionally, the group velocity of the probe field experiences a remarkable slowdown by a factor of 103 compared to the speed of light in vacuum. Results obtained may have potential applications in fabricating nonlinear optical devices.
Fusion dynamics of 37Cl + 59Co around the Coulomb barrier
Authors: Samiksha  , Singh Manjeet , Ghanghas Vijay , Kumar Anand 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The current work focuses on investigation of the fusion dynamics for 37Cl + 59Co reaction at sub-barrier regions. Theoretical estimations of fusion excitation function are done by opting Wong formula and symmetric-asymmetric Gaussian barrier distribution (SAGBD) model. Wong calculations are found smaller than experimental data but computations of SAGBD model are able to retrieve all data points in complete energy range. The model parameter λSAGBD
and VCBRED
quantifies the relevant channel coupling effects and the non-zero values of these parameters specify involvement of intrinsic channels in fusion process.
Exploring Fission Dynamics through Fission Fragment Spectroscopy
Authors: Chakraborty A. , Mukhopadhyay S. , Dey Aniruddha , Biswas D. C. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Fission Fragment Spectroscopy (FFS) measurement technique has been utilized to measure the relative isotopic yield distributions of the even-even correlated fission fragment nuclei produced from 236U* at two different values of excitation energies (E
ex
). The fissioning compound nucleus, 236U* was populated at E
ex
= 6.5 and 21.5 MeV through two different sets of experiments by using the reactions, 235U(n
th
,f) and 232Th(α,f), respectively. The experimentally measured relative isotopic yield distributions were further used to obtain the corresponding mass yield distributions. The extracted mass yield distributions of 236U* indicates the transition from asymmetric distribution to bimodal distribution with increase in the values of E
ex
from 6.5 to 21.5 MeV. The experimental mass yield distribution pattern for the reaction, 232Th(α,f) at E
ex
= 21.5 MeV could be fitted well through three Gaussian fits as per the prescription based on the Multimodal Random-Neck Rupture Model (MM-RNRM).
Development of Anti-Icing Superhydrophobic Composite Coatings Using CNF/PVDF
Authors: Rajiv S , Shanmugam Kumaran 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the anti-icing properties and wear behavior of a composite made from carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). The composite, prepared with a CNF -to -PVDF ratio of 10:1 in ethanol, was applied to a fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) sheet via air spray coating. The resulting surface exhibited superhydrophobicity, characterized by a water contact angle (WCA) of 159.1° and a water droplet roll-off angle of less than 2°. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images revealed strong interactions between the matrix and fibers, contributing to the enhanced wettability properties of the composite. Additionally, the composite coating demonstrated heat resistance, maintaining its superhydrophobicity after being subjected to 80°C in a hot air oven for 30 days. The results of the anti-icing test revealed that the composite wettability plays a critical role in reducing ice accretion on the surface. The wear resistance of the 10:1 CNF/PVDF composite coating was superior to that of the other ratios, such as 10:2 and 10:3. These findings indicate that this coating strategy is highly effective for anti-icing systems and holds significant potential for large-scale applications.
Modeling and Optimization Studies for Extraction of Omani Dates Seeds Oil using Acoustic Cavitation as A Novel Approach
Authors: Khusaibi Manahil Al , Rashdi Shabib Al , Walke Santosh , Alaythee Mutlaq 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Palm seed dates usually end up as waste. They actually contain oil that can be extracted using a unique method called acoustic cavitation explored in this research study. Acoustic cavitation involves using waves to form bubbles in a liquid that implode quickly. This implosion breaks down the plant cell walls effectively extracting the oil without the need, for chemicals commonly used in extraction methods. Using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) researchers apply this method to observe how cavitation impacts the seed structure by revealing the formation of cracks and micro fractures that facilitate the oil release process. The research compares the efficacy of cavitation, with techniques such as Soxhlet extraction and indicates that acoustic cavitation may offer benefits in terms of speed and potentially reduced environmental footprint. The amount of oil extracted for 20 g of date seed powder using acoustic cavitation 2.91 g and by using Soxhlet extraction is 2.1 g. Furthermore, the study delves into the utilization of RSM (Response Surface Methodology) software, for modeling. The results of this study not only show how acoustic cavitation can be an effective approach, for extracting date seed oil but also add to the overall efforts in sustainable use of biomass resources. It provides an eco-friendly option compared to extraction techniques and sets the stage for potential advancements in the food industry, cosmetic sector and biofuel field, by turning waste materials into valuable assets.
Additive Manufacturing of Honeycomb Core Sandwich Panels: An Evaluation of Flexural Performance
Authors: Periasamy Kamalbabu , Bhanumurthy Rammohan , Viswanathan R , Rathore Gowtham , Mahammad Raif A , Naveen V , Gurupada J S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Honeycomb core sandwich panels are widely recognized for their exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for various structural applications. Advancements in manufacturing, such as additive manufacturing, now allow the creation of complex cellular cores, offering significant advantages over traditional sandwich structures. In this study, conventional honeycomb core sandwich panels were modelled through computer-aided design software and manufactured with the Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) technique. Nylon-based polyamide/carbon fiber (PA/CF) was used for the face sheet, while pure polylactic acid (PLA) served as the core material. Specimens were prepared according to ASTM standards to assess the bending properties of the panels. To investigate the impact of the core wall thicknesses, panels were produced with three thicknesses (1.5 mm, 2 mm, and 2.5 mm), finalized based on relative density ratios to optimize performance. Results show an 85% increase in face-sheet bending strength and a 90% increase in core shear strength with greater core wall thickness. Furthermore, beam deflection increased by 80% with thicker cores, and the load vs. deflection curve demonstrated improved load-carrying capability. These findings suggest that architected core structures can enhance bending properties, leading to more efficient designs for aerospace, automotive, and other structural applications.