bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotional Attitudes of Chinese Citizens on Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Analysis of Social Media Data
Authors: Shen Lining , Yao Rui , Zhang Wenli , Evans Richard , Cao Guang , Zhang Zhiguo 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundWuhan, China, the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic, imposed citywide lockdown measures on January 23, 2020. Neighboring cities in Hubei Province followed suit with the government enforcing social distancing measures to restrict the spread of the disease throughout the province. Few studies have examined the emotional attitudes of citizens as expressed on social media toward the imposed social distancing measures and the factors that affected their emotions.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was twofold. First, we aimed to detect the emotional attitudes of different groups of users on Sina Weibo toward the social distancing measures imposed by the People’s Government of Hubei Province. Second, the influencing factors of their emotions, as well as the impact of the imposed measures on users’ emotions, was studied.MethodsSina Weibo, one of China’s largest social media platforms, was chosen as the primary data source. The time span of selected data was from January 21, 2020, to March 24, 2020, while analysis was completed in late June 2020. Bi-directional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) was used to analyze users’ emotions, while logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the influence of explanatory variables on users’ emotions, such as age and spatial location. Further, the moderating effects of social distancing measures on the relationship between user characteristics and users’ emotions were assessed by observing the interaction effects between the measures and explanatory variables.ResultsBased on the 63,169 comments obtained, we identified six topics of discussion—(1) delaying the resumption of work and school, (2) travel restrictions, (3) traffic restrictions, (4) extending the Lunar New Year holiday, (5) closing public spaces, and (6) community containment. There was no multicollinearity in the data during statistical analysis; the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit was 0.24 (χ28=10.34, P>.24). The main emotions shown by citizens were negative, including anger and fear. Users located in Hubei Province showed the highest amount of negative emotions in Mainland China. There are statistically significant differences in the distribution of emotional polarity between social distancing measures (χ220=19,084.73, P<.001), as well as emotional polarity between genders (χ24=1784.59, P<.001) and emotional polarity between spatial locations (χ24=1659.67, P<.001). Compared with other types of social distancing measures, the measures of delaying the resumption of work and school or travel restrictions mainly had a positive moderating effect on public emotion, while traffic restrictions or community containment had a negative moderating effect on public emotion.ConclusionsFindings provide a reference point for the adoption of epidemic prevention and control measures, and are considered helpful for government agencies to take timely actions to alleviate negative emotions during public health emergencies.
Ensino superior, ecologia de saberes e presença indígena na Universidade pública: uma proposta de pesquisa
Authors: Foster Silvestre Célia Maria 
Published: February 2021

As Ciências Humanas e Sociais constituem campo privilegiado para refletir a respeito da produção do conhecimento, suas características e efeitos na sociedade mais ampla. Nessa linha, as universidades são lócus de produção de uma forma específica de conhecimento, o científico, que, historicamente, caracterizou-se por ser restrito à elite, dando dimensão de universal para um saber ocidental e moderno. Nesse sentido, excluiu coletivos portadores de conhecimentos relevantes, dando-os como inexistentes. No Brasil, as políticas públicas contribuíram, nos últimos anos, para mudar o perfil da universidade, incluindo coletivos historicamente dela excluídos. Paradoxalmente, do ponto de vista político, esse tem sido um elemento que vem atraindo críticas à universidade pública, que passou a ser questionada em sua relevância social e competência na produção de conhecimento. O artigo apresenta reflexões pertinentes a um projeto de pesquisa que propõe uma análise do processo de expansão da universidade pública no Brasil, especialmente no que se refere à ampliação das políticas de acesso à universidade e, de forma específica, situando esse aspecto na Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, UEMS, focando no acesso dos coletivos indígenas à universidade. A pergunta de fundo para a pesquisa se refere às relações provocadas pelas presenças desses coletivos, quais são os efeitos para a promoção de uma ecologia de saberes e quais são as políticas, experiências, projetos, metodologias, vivências nesse sentido. A metodologia consiste em uma abordagem etnográfica, considerando o envolvimento da equipe de pesquisa no campo onde ela ocorre, interdisciplinar, qualitativa, bibliográfica e documental, a partir de dados das coordenadorias e outras instâncias administrativas na universidade, eventos e documentos públicos produzidos por estudantes indígenas.
Johtajien käsitykset e-palveluiden yleistymisen vaikutuksista hoidon tarpeen arviointitoimintaan – laadullinen tutkimus erikoissairaanhoidon yhteispäivystyksestä
Authors: Ylilehto Marja , Liljamo Pia , Raatiniemi Lasse , Kanste Outi 
Published: February 2021

Sähköisten terveydenhuoltopalveluiden (e-palvelut) yleistyminen muuttaa hoidon tarpeen arviointitoimintaa erikoissairaanhoidon yhteispäivystyksessä. Päivystyksellisellä hoidon tarpeen arvioinnilla tarkoitetaan ammattilaisen suorittamaa arviota potilaan tarvitsemasta päivystyshoidosta. E-palveluiden yleistyessä ihmiset arvioivat yhä useammin itse omaa hoidon tarvettaan sähköisillä työkaluilla ennen päivystykseen saapumista ja ilman kontaktia terveydenhuollon ammattilaiseen. E-palveluiden käyttöönotto on haasteellista ilman ymmärrystä teknologian, ihmisten ja toimintaympäristön välisistä suhteista. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on kuvata johtajien käsityksiä 1) päivystyksen hoidon tarpeen arviointitoiminnasta, 2) e-palveluiden yleistymisen vaikutuksista hoidon tarpeen arviointitoimintaan, 3) e-palveluiden yleistymisestä aiheutuvaan toiminnan muutokseen varautumisesta ja 4) toiminnan muutoksen onnistumiseen vaikuttavista tekijöistä.
Tutkimusaineisto kerättiin syksyllä 2019 teemahaastattelulla viiden yliopistosairaanhoitopiirin yhteispäivystyksen operatiivisesta johtamisesta vastaavilta hoitotyön johtajilta ja lääkärijohtajilta (n=10). Aineisto analysoitiin sisällönanalyysillä.
Tulosten mukaan e-palveluiden yleistymisen vaikutukset kohdistuvat yhteispäivystyksessä ihmisiin ja toimintaan. Ammattilaisten työ, asiakkaiden toimintamallit sekä hoidon tarpeen arviointitoiminta muuttuvat ja päivystystoiminta kehittyy. Johtajat ymmärtävät e-palveluiden yleistymisen vaikutukset sosioteknisen lähestymistavan mukaisena, koko yhteispäivystystä koskevana toiminnan muutoksena. E-palveluiden yleistymisestä aiheutuvaan toiminnan muutokseen on varauduttu, mutta siinä on myös haasteita. Varautumista pyritään edistämään ja siihen tarvitaan tukea. Yhteispäivystyksessä toiminnan muutoksen onnistumiseen vaikuttavat esimerkiksi asenne, hyötyjen osoittaminen, toimintaympäristö ja resurssit.
Edellytykset e-palveluiden käyttöönoton onnistumiselle yhteispäivystyksen hoidon tarpeen arviointitoiminnassa ovat optimistiset. Toiminnan muutokseen on tärkeää varautua ja huomioida muutoksen onnistumista edesauttavat ja estävät tekijät. Ilman riittävää taloudellista varautumista toiminnan muutoksen onnistuminen voi olla vaikeaa. Tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää e-palveluiden käyttöönotossa ja kehittämisessä yhteispäivystyksen hoidon tarpeen arviointitoimintaa tukeviksi sekä toiminnan muutosten ennakoinnissa ja johtamisen tehostamisessa.
Premi Asuransi Dana Pensiun Dengan Asumsi Seragam Untuk Kasus Multiple Decrement Menggunakan Metode Aggregate Cost
Authors: Aprijon Aprijon 
Published: February 2021

Hakikat manusia dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidup, akan ada banyak sekali kemungkinan-kemungkinan untuk menghadapi kerugian yang disebut dengan resiko.Resiko tersebut juga dirasakan oleh karyawan-karyawan yang bekerja di suatu perusahaan atau lembaga tertentu, terlebih ketika mereka sudah memasuki usia tua. Oleh karena itu,perlu adanya program yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk jaminan kesejahteraan karyawan dihari tua, salah satunya adalah asuransi dana pensiun. Namun ada kalanya peserta keluar dari asuransi dana pensiun sebelum memasuki masa pensiun normal yang disebabkan oleh faktor lain, misalnya peserta meninggal dunia, cacat permanen dan pensiun awal (multiple decrement). Hal tersebut mengakibatkan pembayaran premi yang harus dibayarkan peserta berbeda dengan pembayaran premi pada saat pensiun normal.Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan besarnya premi pensiun yaitu metode aggregate cost. Metode aggregate cost merupakan metode perhitungan premi yang dipengaruhi oleh besarnya gaji serta tingkat kenaikan gaji peserta asuransi selama bekerja. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui untuk peserta laki-laki dan perempuan dengan besar gaji, tingkat kenaikan gaji dan usia masuk yang sama, diperoleh bahwa premi yang harus dibayar oleh peserta laki-laki lebih besar daripada premi yang harus dibayarkan oleh peserta perempuan. Hal ini dipengaruhi anuitas awal seumur hidup untuk peserta laki-laki lebih kecil daripada peserta perempuan. Katakunci: asumsi seragam, metode aggregate cost, multiple decrement, premi pensiun.
Analisis Kinerja Sistem Proteksi Type M-3425A pada Generator di WHRPG PT. Semen Padang
Authors: Liliana Liliana 
Published: February 2021

Waste Heat Recovery Power Generation (WHRPG) adalah sebuah sistem mengkonservasi energi dan menunjang pembangunan bersih atau Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) yang merupakan implementasi dari Kyoto Protocol. Sistem ini terbukti dapat menurunkan emisi CO2 sebesar 47.000 ton per tahun. WHRPG menggunakan generator sinkron dengan kapasitas 8,5 MW dilengkapi dengan sistem eksitasi tanpa sikat. Pengoperasian WHRPG yang kontinyu harus didukung dengan pengoperasian generator dengan pengamanan yang optimal. Generator harus terus dilindungi dari gangguan-gangguan yang mungkin terjadi. Pengamanan Generator telah dilengkapi dengan Generator Protection Type M-3425 yang terdiri atas beberapa jenis pengamanan di dalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja proteksi pada generator khususnya terhadap gangguan tegangan lebih dan frekuensi rendah berupa kenaikan tegangan mencapai 45% dan gangguan penurunan frekuensi mencapai 6 % . Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi ketepatan kinerja relay Over Current Relay dan under frequency Relay dalam melaksanakan pengamanan gangguan tersebut. Hasil pemantauan dan analisis dinyatakan bahwa kedua relay dapat dengan cepat membaca gangguan yang terjadi, selanjutnya memberi isyarat untuk mengaktifkan lock out relay, alarm dan lampu indikator sehingga gangguanpun dengan segera dapat diatasi sehingga potensi kerusakan yang bisa terjadi pada generator bisa diminimalisir.
Invasive Pest and Disease Pathogen as Sneakers in Railways for Their Spread in Different Ecological Region: A New Report
Authors: Borkar Suresh 
Published: February 2021

A new pathway of travels by invasive pest and disease pathogen through railways, as sneakers, were noticed for the first time. The Indian railways passing through the soybean fields infested with Spodoptera litura, after evening attracted the moth of Spodoptera by the illuminating lights in the railways compartment and the moth enters into the compartment through open compartment windows. These moths remain in the railway compartment until the dawn and get out of the compartment as the early morning sun light enters into the compartments and are thus the sneakers crop pest in railways due to their unnoticed travels/transport. Such sneakers crop pest travels up to a distance of 600 km during the period of night from one ecological region to another ecological region having the same crop to infest or the alternative host crop of the pest to cause the fresh infestation. This phenomenon of pest travel was observed in the region of Lalitpur in Uttar Pradesh, India, having soybean infestation. This is a quick travel by the pest into different areas, unseen and unreported earlier and may occur in any part of the world where the railways pass through the infested crop areas and attract the positive phototaxis pest and transport them, as sneakers, in to another ecological region.
In another instance, the Sigatoka disease pathogen of banana was also noticed to travels from one ecological region to another ecological region through the railways, as sneakers without notice. This phenomenon of disease pathogen’s travels was noticed in Jalgaon region from where the banana produce is transported to different parts of India. In the trading and transport of banana through railways, the loaders use the banana leaves infected with the sigatoka pathogen as a packaging material for banana bunches while loading the banana produce in the railway wagons for their transportation. Thus, the sigatoka pathogen travels up to a distance of 1200 km/day along with the banana produce through the railways. The sigatoka infected leaves, with the unloading of banana produce also sneaks into the new ecological region and spread to infect the banana crop available in the region.
Thus, the positive phototaxis insect pest are the sneakers in the railways for their travels while diseases pathogens with healthy crop produce travels and embarks to sneaks into a new ecological region and thus the railways transport system unintentionally transport the crop pest and disease pathogen from one ecological region to another. The knowledge of this new travel pathway will be useful in finalizing the strategies of plant quarantine and management of invasive pest and disease pathogens.
Evaluation of Microbiological and Compositional Quality of Raw Cow’s Milk (Household and Bulk) in Lankapura, Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka
Authors: Gunasena G. D. D. K. , Siriwardhana B. A. M. P. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: At present, in Lankapura, there is a tremendous development in dairy sector. But milk quality issues were raised by the milk consumers and producers who collected milk from Lankapura. Although, measures have been taken to increase the milk production, the quality of milk has not been thoroughly evaluated in area.
Research methodology: This study was carried out to evaluate the microbiological, compositional quality of cow’s milk collected from small scale farmers (25) and bulk milk tanks (25 samples) in the study area and to collect data about knowledge of farmers on clean milk production practices.
Findings: According to the study, acidity, and average level of bacterial count of household milk production were 0.229±0.029%, 6.193±0.311 log10 CFU/ml respectively and for bulk milk production were 0.294± 0.020%, 6.6427±0.322 log10 CFU/ml respectively. The mean percentage of specific gravity, protein, fat, lactose and SNF for bulk milk samples were 1.029g/ml, 2.740%±0.0866, 4.120%±0.8065, 4.040%±0.1581, 7.6476%±0.34219 respectively and for household’s milk samples were 1.028g/ml, 2.792% ±0.1706, 4.360%±0.7314, 4.032%±0.1973, 7.5716%±0.33726 respectively. When considering management practices of farmers, only 38% farmers cleaned the milking place. Only 28% of farmers maintained proper records. The results indicated that microbiological and compositional quality (except milk fat) were not in acceptable level for both household and bulk milk samples. For microbiological quality, there was a high statistical significance of bulk milk samples than the households.
Limitations: The quality of the milk was poor due to unhygienic practices and poor knowledge. Sample numbers were limited in this study, due to limited time period for this study. Larger individual coliform count could not be conducted due to limited manpower and laboratory resources.
Originality/ value: As long term solutions such as farmer education programmes, incentive based milk quality systems can be recommended.
Nosocomial Infections in a Tertiary Healthcare Center in Lebanon: Optimization of Safety Protocols
Authors: Abdallah Pamela , Chaiban Clara , El-Hajj Raymond , Afif Claude , Chalhoub Elias 
Published: February 2021

Objective: The Saint George Hospital – University Medical Center (SGH-UMC)– in Ashrafieh, Lebanon – aims at achieving excellence in medical services by empowering the Infection Control and Prevention Department (ICPD) to maintain a healthy environment and ensure the safety of patients and medical personnel equally. In association with the University of Balamand, two interventions were employed to attempt at further ameliorating the ICPD and the patient safety.
Interventions: The first intervention constitutes of a cost-benefit analysis to evaluate the possibility of substituting the use of reusable gowns with disposable ones and the second is a questionnaire allowing the evaluation of the physician satisfaction with the ICPD at SGH-UMC.
Results: The cost-benefit analysis suggested that the use of reusable gowns was more cost effective than the use of disposable gowns even after taking into consideration the attributable cost of nosocomial infections. The physician’s satisfaction questionnaire highlighted the physician’s various perceptions regarding the ICPD and the infection control and prevention in the hospital and recommended some corrective actions to overcome the obstacles faced.
Conclusion: The process of quality improvement requires the employment of several quality tools, identifying the problems and attempting to solve them; therefore, development and distinction can only be attained after a process of self-evaluation, troubleshooting and corrective actions.
Safety and Efficacy of Antiviral Therapy of Chronic Hepatitis C in Chronic Kidney Disease and Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Fadili W. , Ait Errami A. , Zaoui S. , Elkassimi K. , ElBouhi N. , Oubaha S. , Samlani Z. , Laouad I. , Krati K. 
Published: February 2021

Background and Aims: To assess the efficacy and tolerability of sofosbuvir-based antiviral therapy for viral hepatitis C (HCV) patients with chronic kidney disease and on maintenance hemodialysis.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all treated patients with HCV from January 2015 to November 2020. They were treated either with standard Interferon/Ribavirin or with Sofosbuvir combined to Daclatasvir or to Ledipasvir. We evaluated the sustained virologic response at 12 weeks (SVR12). Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.00.
Results: Out of 61 patients, the mean age of our patients was 56,8±12,56 years and 42,6% were males. Six patients had eGFR< 60 ml/mn/1,73 m2 (9,8%) and 26 patients were on maintenance hemodialysis (42,6%). The majority had genotype 1 and overall SVR12 was 70,1% with a rate of 75% in the Sofosbuvir-regimen subgroup. The adverse events were minor. On multivariate analysis, genotype, viral load and rapid virologic response were independent factors that significantly predicted treatment success.
Conclusion: Sofosbuvir-based regimen appears to be safe and efficious in patients with chronic kidney disease and on maintenance hemodialysis, especially in countries with limited resources.
High Satisfaction with Family Planning Health Education Among Women of Reproductive Age in Tanzania: An Exit Survey
Authors: Lutainulwa Evelyne W. , Akoko Larry O. , Anaeli Amani 
Published: February 2021

Background: Reproductive and child health clinic attendance is vital in offering family planning health education among women of reproductive age in Tanzania. During these visits, group education sessions on modern contraception is offered to women before receiving the specific services they went for. Those who show interest with modern contraception proceed to individualized sessions on adopting one of the methods. Therefore, being satisfied during the group session is paramount to adopting modern contraception. This study therefore sought to assess the level of client satisfaction with the family planning health education among women of reproductive age from selected clinics in Dar es Salaam.
Methodology: This was an observational study conducted in selected Reproductive Health clinics in three municipalities within Dar es Salaam region. Facilities were grouped by districts and ownership from which one third were systematically picked to provide 8 participants each. Interviewer led completion of the study tool was employed to assess satisfaction parameters. Analysis on satisfaction was all or none from a 5-point rating scale and association calculated with significance set at a p-value of less than 5% and 95% confidence interval.
Results: There was a general higher satisfaction with the family health education offered during the visit period. Satisfaction with family planning health education was significantly higher among women with higher parity (p=0.009), employed (p=0.00001), and were attended to by a clinician (p=0.0006). A significant disparity within municipalities was also noted (p=0.005). Private facilities, shorter time in facilities, and non-cash payments did not significantly influence satisfaction.
Conclusion: Family planning health education satisfaction is high among women of the reproductive age group in Dar es Salaam clinics. We need to explore how this satisfaction is translated to reduce the unmet needs for modern contraception in Tanzania. Furthermore, whether this high satisfaction translates into good knowledge remains unexplored.
Fernando Glenza: «La soberanía alimentaria permite que seamos soberanos en la posibilidad de tener nuestros propios alimentos»
Authors: Escalante Sánchez Malena , Giménez José Ariel , Espinoza Jimena 
Published: February 2021

En esta entrevista, el coordinador de la Cátedra Libre de Soberanía Alimentaria de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Fernando Glenza, describe el trabajo realizado por su espacio junto con otras organizaciones similares y reflexiona acerca de los desafíos de la extensión universitaria en la visibilización de la soberanía alimentaria.
DC Glow Discharge Plasma Characteristics in Ar/O2 Gas Mixture
Authors: Jabur Younus K. , Hammed Mohammed Gh. , Khalaf Mohammed K. 
Published: February 2021

In this article, the effects of the O2 ratio on the electrical characteristics, including the I-V characteristic curve, Panchenâ€™s curve, and I-P curve, were tested in a sample of O2/Ar gaseous mixture . The sample was produced by plasma-based DC magnetron sputtering with niobium metal as a target material. The inter-electrode spacing value was 4 cm. Plasma diagnosis via the Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) method was used to achieve Te and Ne mixture values of 20 %, 30 %, 50%, and 70% in the Ar/O2 system. The results showed that the discharge is operating in the abnormal glow region and the discharge current was decreased by increasing O2 percentage. In addition, the experimental results showed that the discharge is optimal at 30% gas ratio. It was found that the electron temperature was decreased with increasing working pressure and increased with increasing the O2 percentage, while electron density was increased with increasing both working gas pressure and O2 percentage.
Approximation of Modified Baskakov Operators Based on Parameter s
Authors: Mohammad Ali J. , S. A. Abdul-Hammed  , T. A. Abdul-Qader  
Published: February 2021

In this article, we define and study a family of modified Baskakov type operators based on a parameter . This family is a generalization of the classical Baskakov sequence. First, we prove that it converges to the function being approximated. Then, we find a Voronovsky-type formula and obtain that the order of approximation of this family is . This order is better than the order of the classical Baskakov sequence whenever . Finally, we apply our sequence to approximate two test functions and analyze the numerical results obtained.