bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticle-Encapsulated Bryostatin-1 Activates α-Secretase and PKC Isoforms In vitro and Facilitates Acquisition and Retention of Spatial Learning in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model
Authors: Schrott Lisa , Yi Ping , Jackson Kasey , Jackson Gabriel S. , Webb Christopher , Minagar Alireza , Yun J. Winny , Purdum Geoffrey , Rios David J. , Tyler Theodore A. , Vizcanio Maria I. , Castor Judith L. , Castor Trevor , Alexander Jonathan S. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) animal models have revealed neuroprotective actions
of Bryostatin-1 mediated by activation of novel PKC isoforms, suppression of beta-amyloid and
downregulation of inflammatory and angiogenic events, making Bryostatin-1 an attractive candidate
for attenuating AD-associated neural, vascular, and cognitive disturbances.

Objective:
To further enhance Bryostatin-1 efficacy, nanoparticle-encapsulated Bryostatin-1 formulations
were prepared.

Methods:
We compared nano-encapsulated and unmodified Bryostatin-1 in in vitro models of neuronal
PKC-d, PKC-e isoforms, α-secretase and studied nano-encapsulated Bryostatin-1 in an AD mouse
model of spatial memory (BC3-Tg (APPswe, PSEN1 dE9) 85Dbo/J mice).

Results:
We found that nanoencapsulated Bryostatin-1 formulations displayed activity greater or equal
to that of unmodified Bryostatin-1 in PKC-δ and -ε and α-secretase activation assays. We next evaluated
how treatment with a nanoencapsulated Bryostatin-1 formulation facilitated spatial learning in the
Morris water maze. AD transgenic mice (6.5 to 8 months of age) were treated with nanoparticle encapsulated
Bryostatin-1 formulation (1, 2.5, or 5 μg/mouse) three times the week before testing and then
daily for each of the 5 days of testing. Across the acquisition phase, mice treated with nanoencapsulated
Bryostatin-1 had shorter latencies, increased % time in the target zone and decreased % time in
the opposite quadrant. The mice were given retention testing after a 2-week period without drug treatment.
Mice treated with nanoencapsulated Bryostatin-1 had shorter latencies to find the escape platform,
indicating retention of spatial memory.

Conclusion:
These data suggest that cognitive deficits associated with AD could be treated using
highly potent nanoparticle-encapsulated formulations of Bryostatin-1.
Enhanced Anti-Amyloid Effect of Combined Leptin and Pioglitazone in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice
Authors: Liu Yao , Hanson Kelsey A. , McCormack Graeme , Atkinson Rachel A.K. , Dittmann Justin , Vickers James C. , Fernandez-Martos Carmen M. , King Anna E. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has challenged single-target therapeutic strategies,
raising the possibility that combined therapies may offer a more effective treatment strategy.

Objective:
There is substantial evidence for the efficacy of leptin (L) (neuroprotective hormone) and
pioglitazone (P) (anti-inflammatory agent) as monotherapies in AD. We have previously shown that
combination treatment of L+P in APP/PS1 mice at the onset of pathology significantly improved
memory and reduced brain Aβ levels relative to control mice. In this new study, we sought to replicate
our previous findings in a new cohort of APP/PS1 mice to further confirm whether the combined
treatment of L+P is superior to each treatment individually.

Methods:
: We have re-evaluated the effects of L+P co-treatment in APP/PS1 mice using thioflavin-S
staining, MOAβ immunolabeling, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to examine
effects on Aβ levels and pathology, relative to animals that received L or P individually.

Results:
We demonstrated that a combination of L and P significantly enhances the anti-Aβ effect of L
or P in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that combining L and P significantly enhances the anti-Aβ effect of
L or P in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice and maybe a potential new effective strategy for AD therapy.
The Paradoxical Reaction to Rituximab in Six Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Patients: How Could it be Explained and Managed?
Authors: Alesaeidi Samira , Piri Seyed Mohammad , Tavakolpour Soheil 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a systemic anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic
antibody-associated vasculitides (AAVs), mainly involving the respiratory tract and renal system.
Treatment by Rituximab as a next-generation therapy in ANCA-associated vasculitis is associated
with promising outcomes in GPA patients. Despite symptoms improvements, disease recurrence
and drug reaction are a challenging topic nowadays.

Objectives:
In this study, we examined six GPA patients who were confirmed to have paradoxical
reactions to rituximab and then described how to control their symptoms.

Methods:
In this study, all the systemic GPA patients (diagnosed based on ACR/EULAR criteria) who received RTX in Amir-Allam hospital, were monitored for any sign of disease exacerbation up to 3 months after RTX exposure.

Results:
From 78 GPA-diagnosed patients, six, including one man and five women with the mean
age of 37.3 ± 13.8, were identified for exacerbation after RTX administration.

Conclusion:
According to our observation, it could be recommended not to deprive the patient of
the benefits of RTX treatment due to the early patient's possible complications.
Hepatic Involvement as Hyperbilirubinemia in Patients with COVID-19:
Case Series from Iran
Authors: Hormati Ahmad , Ghadir Mohammad Reza , Saeidi Mohammad , Aminnejad Reza , Afifian Mahboubeh , Ahmadpour Sajjad 
Published: February 2021

Background:
After the spread of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from Wuhan to Iran, gastroenterology clinics, was faced with a large number of patients who were suspected of being infected with the SARS-CoV-2. Among refereed patient, the incidence of pure hyperbilirubinemia as rare gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms was obvious.

Methods:
: In this case series, we have reported the clinical data in details for patients with COVID-19 who have been admitted to the Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Qom city, from 3 March to 3 August 2020. COVID infection, be confirmed by using real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) and chest computed tomography (CT) scan, as well.

Results:
According to the clinical findings, pure hyperbilirubinemia may consider as rare gastrointestinal (GI) symptom of COVID-19. However, it is possible that the other GI enzymes values fall in to the normal range.

Conclusion:
In some infected patients, GI physicians may face hepatic involvement as pure hyperbilirubinemia. At the age of COVID-19 crisis, all GI physicians should be aware of the possible occurrence of hepatic involvement as an important prognosis of COVID pneumonia and it should be exactly addressed in new referred patients to GI clinic.
Days Needed to Characterize the Healthfulness of a Typical Dinner Meal in Direct Observational Research: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Tate Allan , Trofholz Amanda , Miner Michael , Berge Jerica 
Published: February 2021

Background
Prior research around the home meal environment has demonstrated that family meals are associated with positive health outcomes for children and adolescents. Researchers have begun using direct observational methods to understand key aspects of family meals such as meal healthfulness and family meal frequency to explain the protective nature of family meals. Direct observational research, however, can be resource intensive and also burdensome for participants. Information about the number of days needed to sufficiently characterize typical meal healthfulness using direct observational research methods is needed.

Objective
The current study aimed to produce guidance about the number of meals necessary to approximate typical meal healthfulness at the family dinner meal occasion in a direct observational, mixed methods study of the home food environment.

Methods
Families were recruited between 2012-2013 from primary care clinics in the Minneapolis–St Paul metropolitan area (N=120). A total of 800 meals were collected as part of the Family Meals LIVE! mixed methods study. The Healthfulness of Meal Index was used to evaluate meal dietary healthfulness of foods served at 8 family meal occasions. Participating families were provided an iPad (Apple Inc) and asked to video-record 8 consecutive days of family dinner meals with a minimum of two weekend meals. After the meal, families completed a meal screener, which is a self-reported, open-ended measure of the foods served at the meal.

Results
Weekend and weekday meals differed in their measurement of meal healthfulness, indicating that at least one weekday and one weekend day are necessary to approximate meal healthfulness. Single-day measurement mischaracterized the strength of the relationship between the quality of what was served and intake by almost 50%, and 3 to 4 observation days were sufficient to characterize typical weekly meal healthfulness (r=0.94; P<.001).

Conclusions
Relatively few direct observational days of family meals data appear to be needed to approximate the healthfulness of meals across 1 week. Specifically, 1 weekday and 1 weekend observation are needed, including a total of 3 to 4 days of direct observational meal data. These findings may inform future direct observational study designs to reduce both research costs and participant burden in assessing features of the meal environment.
Cost-effectiveness of a Telemonitoring Program for Patients With Heart Failure During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hong Kong: Model Development and Data Analysis
Authors: Jiang Xinchan , Yao Jiaqi , You Joyce Hoi-Sze 
Published: February 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused patients to avoid seeking medical care. Provision of telemonitoring programs in addition to usual care has demonstrated improved effectiveness in managing patients with heart failure (HF).

Objective
We aimed to examine the potential clinical and health economic outcomes of a telemonitoring program for management of patients with HF during the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of health care providers in Hong Kong.

Methods
A Markov model was designed to compare the outcomes of a care under COVID-19 (CUC) group and a telemonitoring plus CUC group (telemonitoring group) in a hypothetical cohort of older patients with HF in Hong Kong. The model outcome measures were direct medical cost, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the model assumptions and the robustness of the base-case results.

Results
In the base-case analysis, the telemonitoring group showed a higher QALY gain (1.9007) at a higher cost (US $15,888) compared to the CUC group (1.8345 QALYs at US $15,603). Adopting US $48,937/QALY (1 × the gross domestic product per capita of Hong Kong) as the willingness-to-pay threshold, telemonitoring was accepted as a highly cost-effective strategy, with an incremental cost-effective ratio of US $4292/QALY. No threshold value was identified in the deterministic sensitivity analysis. In the probabilistic sensitivity analysis, telemonitoring was accepted as cost-effective in 99.22% of 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations.

Conclusions
Compared to the current outpatient care alone under the COVID-19 pandemic, the addition of telemonitoring-mediated management to the current care for patients with HF appears to be a highly cost-effective strategy from the perspective of health care providers in Hong Kong.
Pentingnya pola asuh ibu terhadap asupan energi dan protein pada balita dengan pendapatan keluarga rendah
Authors: Pratiwi Dessy Putri , Dewanti Linda 
Published: February 2021

The importance of maternal parenting to energy and protein intake in children in a low-income familyBackground: Energy and protein insufficiency was still a major problem for Indonesian children, especially for those who live in rural areas. Objective: This study aimed to find the important role of mothers on their children's intakes in low-income families in the village of Tasikmalaya, West Java. Methods: The study was an observational research with a cross-sectional design. 120 children (6 months to 5 years old) were randomly selected from the list of children in the area. Children's intake was measured using a 2x24 hour food recall questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Data were analyzed using correlation test (Spearman rho), and multiple linear regression test significance was set at p-value <0,005. Results: The majority of the children (83.3%) consumed less than four types of food (staple foods, side dishes, vegetables, and fruits), 58.3% ate the main menu <3 times/day, 13.3% of the children had low energy intake, and 7.5% had low protein intake. Although a majority of the children had normal nutritional status, 5.8% were categorized as wasting, and 2.5% overweight. There was a positive correlation between frequency of eating with energy and protein intakes of children (p=0.006; p=0.035). Types of food did not correlate to the energy and protein intakes of the children. Mother's education, children's age, and history of illness are factors that influence the energy and protein intake of the children. Conclusions: Maternal parenting (frequency of eating) correlated to the energy and protein intake of the children.
Pembuatan Alat Pengukur Keempukan Daging (Meat Shear Force) dari Modifikasi Dudukan Alat Bor (Vertical Drill Stand)
Authors: Mugianton Mugianton , Wahyudi Bambang 
Published: February 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pembuatan alat pengukur keempukan daging/meat shear force (MSF). Tujuan penelitian adalah mengembangkan peralatan laboratorium yang lebih murah, bermanfaat dan dapat diaplikasikan pada kegiatan praktikum maupun penelitian. Alat ini merupakan modifikasi dudukan bor /vertikal drill stand dengan menambahkan : dudukan timbangan/scales holder, dudukan plat pemotong dan penutup alas. Penelitian diawali dari membuat rancangan dan menggambar desain alat, persiapan alat, bahan dan proses pembuatan, uji coba kinerja alat, menyusun instruksi kerja, evaluasi alat menggunakan kuisoner dari responden mahasiswa. Data pengukuran oleh responden mahasiswa menggunakan alat meat shear force (MSF) dan alat Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBS) pada sampel sosis merek tertentu menunjukkan nilai rerata keempukan relatif sama sekitar 0,8 kg/cm2, sehingga alat pengukur keempukan daging dapat digunakan untuk menentukan nilai keempukan suatu sampel dengan baik.
Penggunaan Beberapa Jenis Tinta untuk Menggantikan Tinta Tryphan Blue dalam Pengamatan Kolonisasi Mikoriza
Authors: Hadianur Hadianur 
Published: February 2021

Pupuk hayati mikoriza merupakan salah satu pupuk yang digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah pada tanah marginal. Mikoriza berpotensi memfasilitasi penyediaan berbagai unsur hara bagi tanaman terutama unsur Phospor (P). Perbaikan pertumbuhan dan kenaikan hasil berbagai tanaman berkaitan dengan peningkatan penyerapan unsur hara P untuk tanaman. Penggunaan mikoriza pada tanaman yang dibudidayakan terlebih dahulu harus diuji apakah akar yang digunakan sebagai inokulannya terkolonisasi mikoriza atau tidak, karena jika akar yang digunakan tidak terkolonisasi mikoriza maka tidak akan terjadi kolonisasi jamur pada akar tanaman target. Konsekuensinya pupuk P yang tersedia di tanah tidak dapat dimanfaatkan oleh tanaman. Trypan Blue (C34H24N6Na4O14S4) merupakan bahan kimia yang biasa digunakan untuk pengamatan kolonisasi mikoriza. Senyawa ini digunakan untuk mempermudah pengamatan terhadap akar yang terkolonisasi mikoriza. Pada dasarnya penggunaan Trypan Blue berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia sehingga diperlukan satu tehnik yang aman dan tidak berbahaya serta murah untuk proses pewarnaan akar pada pengamatan kolonisasi akar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana tinta yang beredar di pasaran dan mudah didapat dengan harga yang terjangkau untuk menggantikan tinta Tryphan Blue dalam pengamatan kolonisasi mikoriza. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Non Faktorial dengan 5 ulangan. Jenis tinta yang digunakan terdiri dari Tinta Quink Parker, Epson C664, Aiflo biru dan e-Print. Pengamatan yang diamati adalah perbandingan kolonisasi akar mikoriza. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis tinta berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap perbandingan pengamatan kolonisasi akar/kolonisasi mikoriza dan persentase kolonisasi akar. Jenis tinta Quink Parker biru dan Epson C 664 merupakan tinta yang dapat menggantikan tinta Tryphan Blue pada pengamatan kolonisasi mikoriza.
A prospective, randomized, controlled, crossover study comparing three multilayered foam dressings for the management of chronic wounds
Authors: Alvarez Oscar M , Granick Mark S , Reyzelman Alexander , Serena Thomas 
Published: February 2021

Aim:
Compare foam dressings – Mepilex Border Flex (MxBF), Allevyn Life (AL) and Optifoam Gentle EX (OGEX) – in treatment of chronic wounds.
Materials & methods:
Prospective, randomized, controlled trial (crossover design). Subjects received one dressing for 2 weeks, then comparator dressing for following 2 weeks. Wound/periwound characteristics evaluated weekly at dressing change. Primary end point: dressing durability (incidence of exudate strikethrough).
Results:
Higher incidence of intact dressings (no strikethrough) at Day 7 (Week 1) with MxBF (6/17; 35.3%) compared with AL (1/18; 5.6%), and with MxBF (7/16; 43.8%) compared with OGEX (2/16; 12.5%; p < 0.05). No significant differences between groups regarding wound size reduction.
Conclusion:
MxBF had statistically greater durability than AL/OGEX during first critical week of treatment.
Pengembangan LKPD Terintegrasi STEM-PBL (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics - Problem Based Learning) Pada Materi Hidrolisis Garam
Authors: Syafira Annisa , Effendi Effendi 
Published: February 2021

Salah satu target dari Kurikulum 2013 adalah menciptakan peserta didik yang berguna, imajinatif, artistik dan amotif serta mempunyai andil dalam aktivitas masyarakat. Sejalan pada kurikulum 2013, kecakapan abad 21 juga menuntut peserta didik untuk memiliki kemampuan 4C yaitu critical thinking, creativity, communication and colaboration. Hal tersebut dapat diwujudkan dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran berbasis penyelesaian masalah (PBL) dengan pendekatan STEM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan LKPD terintegrasi STEM-PBL pada materi Hidrolisis Garam dan menentukan validitas dan kepraktisan LKPD yang dikembangkan. Jenis penelitian berupa Research and Development (R&D) dengan menerapkan model 4D, yang meliputi empat tahap yaitu: tahap define, tahap design, tahap develop dan tahap disseminate. Penelitian ini dibatasi hingga tahap develop, tahap disseminate tidak dilaksanakan karena keterbatasan waktu. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar validasi dan angket praktikalitas. Validitas dan juga kepraktisan data dianalisis menggunakan Formula Cappa Cohen. Berdasarkan hasil analisis angket validitas yang dilakukan oleh 5 orang validator didapatkan moment kappa (k) sejumlah 0,89 pada kategori kevalidan sangat tinggi. Hasil analisis uji praktikalitas terhadap 2 orang guru kimia diperoleh moment kappa (k) sejumlah 0,73 dengan kategori kepraktisan tinggi dan praktikalitas terhadap 9 orang peserta didik kelas XII sejumlah 0,92 pada kategori kepraktisan sangat tinggi. Hasil data mengungkapkan LKPD terintegrasi STEM-PBL valid dan praktis untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran Kimia, terutama materi Hidrolisis Garam.
Improving the environmental situation and safety of the megalopolis by modernizing the energy industry
Authors: Gasho E. G. , Martynov A. V. , Kutko N. E. , Cherkhanova O. A. , Rudomazin V. V. 
Published: February 2021

Options are considered for modernization of the energy industry complex, which includes a large number of enterprises and combined heat and power plants (CHPP) with low-potential waste heat. For modernization, it is proposed to use heat pumps (HPI) in CHPP systems. A variant is presented of using the low-potential heat of the ice-free Yenisei River. The environmental and economic efficiency of the proposed options have been evaluated.The city of Krasnoyarsk located on both banks of the Yenisei River, is considered as an example. In Krasnoyarsk, there are large hydroelectric power plants that generate excess power for electricity. CHPP-1, CHPP-2 and CHPP-3 also operate, as well as a large number of boiler houses, whose harmful emissions are described in detail in the article. In addition, data on the number of low-potential sources are provided, and options for using low-potential heat sources in heat pump installations are considered. The output of low-potential heat by month is presented, and the calculation results are based on comparison of options for using HPI at three CHPPs. The possibility of closing inefficient coal-fired boilers has been examined, which would reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere and reduce the cost of heat production in the megalopolis for district heating systems.The operation of the Krasnoyarsk Aluminium Plant is considered, which has harmful emissions (fluorine, sulfur oxides, dust, resinous substances), as well as primary energy losses of 13.5 million Gcal, of which only 40% goes to aluminium production, and 60% is lost and released into the environment. To reduce these losses by 1.5 times, it is proposed to install air heat exchangers. The prospect of using high-capacity HPIs is provided by the presence of river water from the Yenisei, the temperature of which does not fall below 3°C even in winter. Powerful HPIs with centrifugal compressors manufactured in Kazan will provide heat to administrative and residential buildings under construction in Krasnoyarsk with a total heat load of 803 Gcal/h. The payback period of systems with HPI is 6÷8 years.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Dengan Modul Kontruktivisme Radikal Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors: Ulhaq* Riza , Huda Ismul , Rahmatan Hafnati 
Published: February 2021

The low students' learning achievement is one of the problems that is occurred in learning process that is caused by the inappropriate learning strategy that was applied in the classroom in delivering the lesson, therefore the expected goal cannot be achieved. Learning in the classroom should be able to guide the students to be more creative and independent through a series of scientific activity. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of Problem Based Learning (PBL) models and radical constructivism module on students' learning outcome in the Madrasah Tsanawiyah, Banda Aceh. The data were collected since November 2019 until April 2020. The method used in this study was an experimental method with randomized post-test only control- group design. This research was conducted in two classes: experimental class with PBL model learning with radical constructivism module and the control class with PBL model learning only. The number of samples for this research were 160 students. The samples were chosen through random sampling method by observing the students’ chances in each class and the Madrasah as the experiment and control classes. The objective tests were used as an instrument to measure students' learning outcome. The data were collected through post-test about the pollution of environment. The independent sample t-test was used to test the hypotheses to see the effect of Problem Based Learning (PBL) models and radical constructivism module on students’ learning outcome. The results analysis based on the outcome learning score was the value of Sig 0,05, t valuet table, 4,741,97. Hence, the students who took part in learning PBL model and radical constructivism module showed significantly better in their learning outcomes compared to students who took part in learning PBL model only.