bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TEORIA DA SINALIZAÇÃO: UM ESTUDO DOS DEMONSTRATIVOS FINANCEIROS DA EMPRESA OI S.A. EM RECUPERAÇÃO JUDICIAL
Authors: Da Silva Andreza Lucas 
Published: June 2021

<p>Com base na teoria da sinalização, o objetivo deste estudo consistiu em verificar os desempenhos temporais das demonstrações da Oi S.A nos períodos antes e durante o pedido de recuperação judicial da companhia. A pesquisa foi conduzida por análise documental, com abordagem quantitativa dos dados referentes as demonstrações contábeis dos períodos de 2014 a 2019. Para avaliar a aplicação da Teoria da Sinalização, verificou-se os desempenhos progressivos dos índices de liquidez e de endividamento (financeiro), índices de rentabilidade e de capital de giro (econômico). Após a análise foi possível verificar que os resultados dos índices financeiros de liquidez de curto prazo durante os anos de 2017 a 2019 obtiveram uma queda em média de 80% em relação aos anos de 2014 a 2016, além disso, foi possível observar que os índices de endividamento e os índices econômico de rentabilidade demostraram significativa perda de desempenho durante o período em análise. Tais resultados, tendo como base a teoria da sinalização, passaram a sinalizar para os usuários externos e <em>Stakeholders </em>uma crise financeira - econômica enfrentada pela empresa.</p>
Editorial - Migrações e Circularidade: Teoria, Políticas de Estado e Realidades Migrantes
Authors: Cavalcanti Leonardo , Ennes Marcelo Alario , Oliveira Márcio de 
Published: June 2021

Não é mais preciso insistir sobre a atualidade dos fluxos migratórios em qualquer continente que seja. Da mesma forma, não é mais necessário ressaltar o crescente número de deslocados – forçados ou refugiados – que faz a manchete dos principais meios de comunicação mundo afora. A realidade de cada migrante espelha sua forma de organizar sua vida. Essa realidade tem origem em seus sentimentos, em suas redes e capitais, e no contexto político e social das sociedades nacionais de onde ele parte e daquelas onde ele se instala. Aí reside a grande diversidade do fenômeno migratório. A discussão sobre a mobilidade humana de que trata esse dossiê apresenta-se, portanto, variada, e essa é a tese que o sustenta: os móbiles da migração são múltiplos e só se revelam quando deles nos aproximamos. Da mesma forma o são as realidades criadas nas sociedades de origem e de chegada, para os que migram e para os que permanecem.
Impacts of added oenological tannins on red wine quality to counteract <i>Botrytis</i> infection in Merlot grapes
Authors: Gancel Anne-Laure , Vignault Adeline , Pilard Etienne , Miramont Clément , Jourdes Michaël , Fermaud Marc , Roudet Jean , Zamora Fernando , Teissedre Pierre-Louis 
Published: June 2021

The contamination of grape berries by Botrytis cinerea can drastically damage wine quality, in particular causing colour degradation. In musts obtained from botrytised grapes, SO2 addition is the main means of avoiding oxidation damage due to laccases excreted by the pathogen. However, consumers are becoming increasingly reluctant to accept SO2 addition to wine. Oenological tannins are used for fining wines because of their colloidal properties, and for wine colour stabilisation due to their ability to condense with anthocyanins. They are also known for their antioxidant and antioxidasic properties. They were thus investigated in the present study for their potential as an alternative to SO2 against laccase oxidation.The impact of various types of oenological tannins on musts and wines was studied once added to musts obtained from the Merlot cultivar, comprising 20 % and 50 % botrytised grapes. Laccase activity, antioxidant capacity, composition of phenolic compounds, spectrophotometric and CIELAB colour parameters were assessed in the musts and wines. Sensory analyses were also performed on 3-month-old wines to evaluate the visual, olfactory and gustative consequences of tannin addition. At a 50 % botrytisation rate, the addition of any type of oenological tannins (at a concentration of 100 g/hL) had no effect on laccase activity and did not protect phenolic compounds. However, at the same concentration and at a 20 % botrytisation rate, proanthocyanidin tannins from grape skin were found to be the most promising tannins with simultaneous protective effects, such as an inhibitory effect on laccase enzymes, protection of colour from complete degradation and preservation of some procyanidin compounds.Oenological tannins are promising candidates for protecting wines from Botrytis damage and they induce a differential effect according to their origin and structure. They could be used to reduce the amount of SO2 that is added during vatting. More research is needed to confirm and better understand the mode of action of various tannins at levels lower than the 20 % botrytised rate tested in the present study.
Biofunctional significance of multi-herbal combination against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats
Authors: Kaur Pardeep , Shergill Robin , Mehta Rajendra G. , Singh Balbir , Arora Saroj 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A multi-herbal combination (MHC) of five herbs, namely Punica granatum L., Putranjiva roxburghii Wall., Swertia chirata Buch.-Ham., Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers and Trigonella corniculata L., was assessed against the paracetamol-induced acute hepatotoxicity in female Wistar rats. The animals were randomly assorted into seven groups with six animals in each group. The rats were pre-treated with MHC (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg bw) and silymarin (50 mg/kg bw) once daily for seven consecutive days via oral route followed by administration of paracetamol (3 g/kg bw) on day 7, an hour after the last administration of MHC and silymarin. It was observed that MHC administration significantly (p ≤ 0.05) overturned the paracetamol-induced increase in serum liver function biomarkers (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin), phase I reaction enzymes (NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase and NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase), and oxidant biomarkers (lactate dehydrogenase, lipid peroxidation, lipid hydroperoxides, and protein content). MHC administration also reinstated the paracetamol-induced significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in haematological indices (haematocrit, haemoglobin, red and white blood cells, and platelets), phase II reaction enzymes (glutathione-S-transferase and DT-diaphorase), membrane-bound enzymes (Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Mg2+-ATPase), and antioxidant biomarkers (reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase). Overall, MHC at 200 mg/kg bw dose significantly (p ≤ 0.05) sheltered the red blood cells from the assault of free radicals, stabilized the structural and functional integrity of hepatocytes, hindered APAP biotransformation to its toxic metabolites, and endorsed conjugating abilities to detoxify toxic entities. Further, MHC significantly (p ≤ 0.05) activated enzymatic machinery to scavenge/inhibit the formation of reactive oxygen species, regulated nucleic acid metabolism, surface potential, and membrane fluidity, attenuated tissue breakdown, quenched peroxyl radicals, and provided protection against tissue injury. The necroinflammatory scores revealed strong evidence of MHC (200 mg/kg bw) effectiveness against the paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats at p ≤ 0.05. The synergistic effect of major inherent phytoconstituents (kaempferol, ellagic acid, and gallic acid), detected by HPLC-PDA, in MHC might have overturned the paracetamol-induced biochemical toxic alterations in rat liver.
A novel AE algorithm-based approach for the detection of cracks in spot welding in view of on-line monitoring: case study
Authors: Yaacoubi Slah , Dahmene Fethi , Mountassir Mahjoub El , Bouzenad Abd Ennour 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The detection of cracks in spot welding is a major issue especially on-line. This paper deals with this topic using acoustic emission monitoring. It proposes an approach based on Shannon entropy with a novel criterion that allows increasing the detection sensitivity. A data-based model is built, coded and then applied on acoustic emission signals. The obtained crack detection results are satisfactory. The cracks are revealed using fluorescent dye penetrant, which enables validating the method. A flowchart of whole the proposed approach is described so that practitioners can benefit from the authors experience, towards successful implementation in laboratory as well as in production-line. The current approach is applied on resistance spot welding as a case of study, but it could be applicable in non-stationary environment such as other kinds of spot welding, and more hopefully for other manufacturing processes.
Assessing Environmental Criteria to Support Forest Connectivity
Authors: Vanderley-Silva Ivan , Valente Roberta 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Establishing forest connection in landscapes under urban sprawl is essential for maintaining the ecological processes and ensuring biodiversity conservation. However, the major challenge is incorporated the ecological network in the land-use/land-cover planning. This way, the main objective of the study was the evaluation of environmental criteria for prioritizing areas to obtain forest functional connectivity in a landscape subject to the urban sprawl. The second objective was to understand how the criteria are associated with the structural forest attributes represented by traditional landscape ecology metrics. The criteria were defined through the literature review, representing the landscape characteristics as the topographic, conflicts, and biotics. The metrics used to characterize the forest structure were perimeter, shape index, and distance to the nearest neighbor. They were generated to a selected group of forest remnants, which represent the landscape forest structure. Sampling the criteria and forest fragments maps (i.e., different maps representing the metrics-values) through the hexagon network, we assessed how the criteria are associated with the structural forest attributes. The statistical analysis used to evaluate these sampled values were The Moran Global (Moran I) and Moran Local (LISA). We obtained that the urban expansion process is diffuse, although it does not occur randomly in our landscape. The criteria slope, TWI, distance from drainage network, distance from highways, distance from the low-density urban area, and distance from forest patches have characteristics that support this process. Furthermore, our results indicated a spatial autocorrelation among metrics and after, among metrics and these criteria. Also, we obtained that the external influences on the fragments did not occur randomly and that the criteria act on the landscape. This way, through these criteria, we can identify regions where it is possible to have the persistence of forest fragments, even though in places under the impact of urban sprawl.
Effects Of Phase Separation On Dewaterability Promotion And Heavy-Metal Removal of Sewage Sludge During Bioleaching
Authors: Lu Yulan , Wu Rongjun , Zhang Jun , Liu Hongtao , Dai Yu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Bioleaching is of increasing interest due to its high efficiency for improving sludge dewaterability and removing heavy metals. However, a traditional single-phase bioleaching cannot run continuously at a high-efficiency status due to a destruction of the microbial synergistic effect in a low-pH environment. So, in this study, a series of multi-compartment baffled-flow trials were carried out to assess the effect of phase separation on sludge bioleaching by comparing the bioleaching process of a two-phase bioreactor with that of two single-phase bioreactors. Energy substrate and sludge reflux were introduced into two different compartments to form two phases, namely selection phase and leaching phase. The results show that phase separation obviously shortened the start-up duration for sludge bioleaching from 7 days in single-phase bioleaching to 4 days in two-phase bioleaching. The dewaterability improvement of bioleached sludge also was enhanced by phase separation with the relative decreases of 25.0 ‒ 33.3% for specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and 14.2% for capillary suction time (CST), which was attributed to lower pH values, zeta potentials of closer to zero and less DOM of bioleached sludge after the two-phase bioleaching. Phase separation generally increased the dissolution ratio of heavy metals with the ratios of 56.3%, 49.1%, 29.6%, 19.9%, 16.0%, 15.5%, and 1.0% for Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni, As, Cr, and Pb from raw sludge. Phase separation also enhanced the enrichment of Acidithiobacillus and relieved the inactivation of acid-tolerant fungi, which could be conducive to producing a better synergy benefit and keeping a long-term stable operation in bioleaching phase during two-phase bioleaching.
Effectiveness of Acromioclavicular Joint Mobilization and Physical Therapy vs Physical Therapy Alone in Patients with Frozen Shoulder: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rahbar Mohammad , Kiyakalayeh Sepideh Ranjbar , Eftekharsadat Bina , Izadseresht Behzad , Dolatkhah Neda 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Frozen shoulder (FS) is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition characterized by an often prolonged pain, disability and limited active and passive range of motion (ROM), however its management remains challenging yet. The objective of this trial was to compare the efficacy of acromioclavicular joint mobilization and physical therapy versus physical therapy in treatment of FS.Methods: In this single-blind randomized clinical trial, patients with diagnosis of FS were randomly allocated into mobilization + physical therapy (n=28) as experiment group, and physical therapy (n=28) as control group in two outpatient clinics of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The primary outcomes were self-reported shoulder pain-related disability measured by the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) questionnaire and goniometric assessment of shoulder ROM. The secondary outcome was the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Measures were performed at the baseline, immediately and one month after beginning the treatments.Results: Totally 51 patients with 25.73 ± 6.88 years old of age completed the study and their data were analyzed. VAS, SPADI, pain and disability improved more significantly in experiment group compared to control group immediately [-4.63 (-5.58- -3.67) vs. -2.22 (-2.96- -1.47), p<0.001; -23.08 (-28.63- -17.53) vs. -13.04 (-17.93- -8.16), p=0.008; -26.00 (-31.71- -20.29) vs. -16.35 (-23.39- -9.31), p=0.034 and -21.25 (-29.11- -13.39) vs. -10.98 (-17.53- -4.43), p=0.042, respectively] and one month after beginning of treatment [-5.58 (-6.45- -4.72) vs. -3.61 (-4.60- -2.62), p<0.001; -33.43 (-40.85- -26.01) vs. -20.03 (-26.00- -14.07), p=0.001; --42.83 (-49.09- -36.57) vs. -25.57 (-33.92- -17.21), p<0.001 and -27.55 (-36.19- -15.94) vs. -16.58 (-24.48- -8.67), p=0.041, respectively]. Active abduction ROM was also improved more significantly immediately after treatment in experiment group compared to control group [25.83 (11.45- 40.13) vs. 10.17 (1.02- 19.15), p=0.025], however there were no significant differences between two groups concerning other measured ROMs immediately and one month after treatment (all p>0.05). Conclusions: Acromioclavicular mobilization along with conventional physical therapy was more efficient in decreasing pain and disability and improving active abduction ROM compared to physical therapy in patients with FS. These findings would suggest a new therapeutic method for shoulder disorders with pain and disability.Trial registrationwww.irct.ir, IRCT20100605004104N7, registered 06.01.2019 (https://www.irct.ir/trial/35900)
Synthesis of a New Phosphorus/Nitrogen Durable Flame Retardant for Cotton Fabrics
Authors: Li Jinfeng , Jiang Wei , Liu Maolin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Phosphorus/nitrogen flame retardant ammonium three phosphoric acid glycerol ester (FR) with reactive -P-O−NH4+ groups was synthesized from glycerol, phosphoric acid and urea. At high temperature, the -P-O−NH4+ group in FR is decomposed into -P-O−H+ group. Under the action of catalyst dicyandiamide, -P-O−H+ forms phosphonic anhydride. Phosphonic anhydride can dehydrate and condense with the hydroxyl group on the 6-position carbon atom in the glucose ring of cotton fiber, forming a firm P-O-C bond, thus fixing FR molecule firmlyon cotton fiber. XRD suggested that the finishing process only slightly affected the cotton fiber structure and the surface morphology, elemental composition of char residues in cotton fabrics were tested by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Confirmed that FR was grafted well with slight damage to the cotton structure. When the treated cotton with 25.3% weight gain(WG) in FR, the treated cotton has self extinguishing property and passed UL-94 vertical burning V-0 classification, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) was improved from 17.0–40.5%, and the LOI can still reach 30.9% after 50 laundering cycles, the cone calorimetry(CONE) analysis indicated that the peak heat release rate (PHRR) of the treated cotton was reduced from 190.3 kW/m2 to 17.9 kW/m2, and the total heat release (THR) was reduced from 2.8 MJ/m2 to 1.8 MJ/m2, The thermogravimetric(TG) and Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) showed that the addition of FR inhibited the initial thermal degradation temperature of the treated cotton under heating conditions, and TG showed that the initial thermal degradation temperature of treated cotton in nitrogen and air was 225.9 ℃ and 221.8 ℃, respectively, which was lower than that of untreated cotton. The mechanical properties are in the usable range, which showed that treated cotton have excellent flame retardancy, durability and good flexibility.
WITHDRAWN: Cardioprotective Effects of Metformin in Ovariectomized Albino Wistar Rats
Authors: Saied Nashwa , Abd-Rabo Marwa Mokhtar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The current study used a human-equivalent therapeutic dose of metformin to address cardioprotective properties of the drug in ovariectomized rats. Sixty adult female rats were divided equally into four groups. Animals in Group 1 were sham-operated (n = 15), and rats in Groups 2–4 (n = 45) were ovariectomized. After one month, animals Groups 3 and 4 were treated with E2 (100µg/kg, i.m., every other day, n = 15) and MF, (100 mg/kg/day orally, n = 15), respectively. These treatments continued for one month. Ovariectomized rats (Group 2) showed significant elevation in serum heart enzyme markers. MF-treated animals (Group4) showed a superior response to treatment compared to E2 treated rats (Group 3) in restoring enzyme levels of CK-MB and LDH toward control levels. Compared to Group 2 animals, MF and E2-treated rats showed a significant decrease in serum angiotensin II, cardiac MDA, and NOx levels and a significant increase in cardiac CAT activity and Total antioxidant capacity. Group 2 animals showed dyslipidemia. MF treatment renormalized lipid profile markers, but E2 treatment did not induce a significant effect. Group 2 animals also showed significant elevation in proinflammatory markers. Both MF and E2 treatment significantly decrease levels of TNF-α and IL-6. A focus on cardiac dysfunction markers, dyslipidemia and cardiac oxidative insult allowed the demonstration that MF is superior to E2 for attenuating cardiotoxicity. Further, MF and estradiol are similar in their ability to mitigate inflammation.
Patient and Carer Experience of Nutrition Care Throughout and Beyond Treatment for Head and Neck Cancer: a Qualitative Longitudinal Study
Authors: Hiatt Joanne , Young Adrienne , Brown Teresa , Banks Merrilyn , Bauer Judy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Nutrition care plays a critical role in optimising outcomes for patients receiving treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC), with carers playing an important role in supporting patients to maintain nutrition intake. This study explores patient and carer experience of nutrition care from diagnosis of HNC to one-year post treatment completion to identify areas for improvement of service delivery. A longitudinal qualitative study design was used with a heterogeneous sample of 20 patients and 15 carers of patients undergoing curative intent treatment for HNC. Interviews conducted at four time points provided a total of 117 interview datasets that were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis based on Gadamerian hermeneutic inquiry. Patient and carer experiences were reflected in two primary themes; 1) the battle to maintain control, and 2) navigating the road ahead. This research identifies the need to co-design strategies to improve nutrition care that is inclusive of patients and carers.
Provision of Physical Activity Advice for Patients with Chronic Diseases in Shenzhen, China
Authors: HU Rui , HUI Stanley Sai-chuen , LEE Eric Kam-pui , Stoutenberg Mark , WONG Samuel Yeung-shan , YANG Yi-jian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Physical activity (PA) may best be promoted to patients during clinical consultations. Few studies investigated the practice of PA advice given by physicians, especially in China. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and contents of PA advice given by physicians in China and its association with patients’ characteristics. Methods: Face-to-face questionnaire asking the prevalence and contents of PA advice given by physicians was administered to adult patients in three major hospitals in Shenzhen, China. Attitude of compliance, stature, PA level, and socio-demographic information were also collected. Data was analyzed via descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. Results: Of the 454 eligible patients (Age: 47.0 ± 14.4 years), only 19.2% (n = 87) reported receiving PA advice, whereas 21.8%, 23.0%, 32.2%, and 55.2% of patients received advices on PA frequency, duration, intensity, and type, respectively. Male patients were more likely to receive PA advice from physicians [odds ratio (OR): 1.90; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13-3.21], whereas patients who were unemployed (OR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.04-0.67), and who already achieved adequate amount of PA (OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.12-0.70) were less likely to receive PA advice. Conclusions: Prevalence of physicians providing physical activity advice to patients is low, there is a pressing need to take intervention measures to educate healthcare providers.
Variation and Stability in Agronomic Traits Among Geographic Groups of Traditional Landraces Grown Under High Yielding Conditions
Authors: Hoebe Peter , Terrazas Rodrigo Alegria , Hoad Stephen , Topp Kairsty 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Future crop production needs to deliver increased yields with less agronomic inputs in the face of increasingly variable climate, which is predicted to result in greater seasonal variation in production. To support more sustainable production, new crop varieties need to have increased resilience in their agronomic traits to cope with fluctuation in growing conditions. We investigated the breadth of phenotypic expression in yield related agronomic traits among groups of European barley landrace from different geographic origin and Harlan composite cross populations grown under a common high yield test protocol. Stability of agronomic traits and yield were assessed for each group across environments and years. There were significant differences in thousand grain weight (TGW), seeds per ear and shoot production (tillering) among landrace groups and between 2 or 6 rowed ear habit. Modern cultivars and, to a lesser extent, Harlan populations had significantly more stable TGW than other groups. Traits most strongly associated with yield stability in 2 rowed landraces were TGW and tillering, whilst in 6 rowed landraces tillering, ear length and plant height were associated with stable yield. Absence of significant difference in agronomic trait stability among landrace groups was attributed to high phenotypic variation within groups. We conclude that phenotypic variation and stability in agronomic traits among barley landraces could be exploited for enhancing resilience in future crop breeding.