bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geothermal Power Generation Potential in the Eastern Linqing Depression
Authors: KANG Fengxin , ZHAO Jichu , TAN Zhirong , SUI Haibo , SHI Meng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractChina has been the leading country worldwide in direct geothermal utilization for a rather long time, which has contributed significantly to reducing carbon emissions. But the installed capacity of geothermal power generation in China is very small, and there are only a few geothermal power plants in China, specifically in Tibet, including the well‐known Yangbajing geothermal power plant. Therefore, it is anticipated that more high‐temperature geothermal resources will be discovered in order to promote China's power generation. There is potential for high‐enthalpy geothermal in the Eastern Linqing Depression in Shandong Province, where geothermal energy is stored in Ordovician and Cambrian carbonate strata. Based on the geothermal gradient in Cenozoic strata and the depth of the target geothermal reservoir, the temperature distribution pattern of the reservoir was analyzed, and two “sweet points” were identified in the Yucheng geothermal field and the Guanxian geothermal field, where the reservoir temperature is predicted to be higher than 200°C at a depth of less than 8000 m. Due to the low karst fissure ratio and the insufficient geothermal fluid in the geothermal reservoir, it is recommended that an enhanced geothermal system be set up, to increase the permeability of the natural fracture system in the carbonate formations and provide sufficient fluid for power generation through reinjection of used geothermal fluid. The power generation capacity of the two geothermal fields was estimated using a volumetric method, revealing a power generation capacity of 1621.02 MWe for the Yucheng geothermal field, and 1287.19 MWe for the Guanxian geothermal field.
An evaluation of changes over time in the semen parameters data used for the World Health Organization semen analysis reference ranges
Authors: Feferkorn Ido , Azani Liat , Kadour‐Peero Einav , Hizkiyahu Ranit , Shrem Guy , Salmon‐Divon Mali , Dahan Michael H. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrevious meta‐analyses concluded that there is a decline in sperm parameters over time. This conclusion might be incorrect due to inherent biases or focusing only on a single parameter – sperm concentration.ObjectiveTo study trends in sperm parameters over the past 20 years using data from the trials that defined the reference ranges of the World Health Organization manual.Materials and methodsRetrospective evaluation of the data used to define the World Health Organization reference ranges. The data from 11 studies, including 3589 participants between 1996 and 2016, were divided into three period groups based on the decade of study. Differences in semen parameters’ distribution were presented in boxplot. p‐values were calculated by the Kruskal–Wallis rank‐sum test followed by Dunn post hoc test. Analyses were conducted using the R programming language.ResultsA small decrease was noted in mean sperm concentrations (88.1 million/ml, 87.6 million/ml, and 77.2 million/ml for the first, second, and third decades, respectively) (p < 0.01). However, the 5th percentile of sperm concentration for the third decade was higher than the first or second decades (18 million/ml versus 14.9 million/ml and 15 million/ml, respectively). No significant differences were noted in progressive motility over the years (p = 0.32). The percent of morphologically normal sperm decreased between the first (24.2%) and the second (12.6%) periods of the study (p < 0.001) and then increased in the third decade (14.2%) (p < 0.01). Total motile sperm count (TMC) declined between the second and third decades (189 million and 153.9 million, respectively, p < 0.001), at levels unlikely to decrease fertility. However, the 5th percentile of the TMC remained stable at 24.9, 20.8, and 20.6 million, for the first, second, and third decades respectively (p = 0.36).Discussion and conclusion and relevanceTrends in sperm parameters over the last three decades do not seem to be clinically significant.
Efficacy and safety of ECG‐synchronized pulsatile extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the clinical setting: The SynCor Trial
Authors: Voigt Ingo , Spangenberg Tobias , Ibrahim Tareq , Bradaric Christian , Viertel Achim , Tallone Ezequiel Marcelo , Skurk Carsten , Abel Peter , Graf Jochen , Rinne Torsten , Böhm Jürgen , Ghanem Alexander , Liebetrau Christoph 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionMechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices are increasingly used as a treatment option in resuscitation or in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS). Prophylactic implantation in high‐risk percutaneous coronary interventions (HRPCI) is another upcoming indication. The i‐cor ECG‐synchronized cardiac assist device combines the hemodynamic support of a veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO) with the ability to generate a pulsatile flow and thus decreasing adverse effects of VA‐ECMO on myocardial function. Aim of this study was to obtain data concerning feasibility, safety and outcomes in both indications.MethodsA total of 47 patients (34 HRPCI, 13 CS) were included in nine German centers and participated in this study. Demographic and clinical parameters, procedural as well as follow‐up data were prospectively recorded and analyzed.ResultsDevice implantation and initiation of ECG‐synchronized cardiac assist was technical successful in all cases and no failures of the consoles or disposable parts were observed. Furthermore, intended percutaneous coronary interventions and successful weaning from cardiac assist was achieved in 97.1% of HRPCI patients. We observed a 30d‐survival of 94.1% in the HRPCI group and 69.2% in the CS group. Main complications in both groups were bleeding events (14.7% HRPCI, 23.1% CS) and critical limb ischemia (2.9% HRPCI, 38.5% CS).ConclusionThe i‐cor ECG‐synchronized cardiac assist device appears safe and feasible showing clinical outcomes comparable to existing data in the setting of high‐risk percutaneous coronary interventions and acute cardiogenic shock. Further prospective trials are warranted to identify optimal patient and interventional characteristics that will benefit most of this novel kind of mechanical circulatory support.
Is academic rigor in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) research in decline?
Authors: Sterling Sebastian Oliver , Byard Roger W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimTo determine how well definitions of SIDS in the literature are being cited and referenced.MethodsThe “PubMed” database was searched for “sudden infant death syndrome” from 2020 to 2021. Of 421 original papers, 50 were randomly selected and checked to determine whether one of the three internationally accepted definitions of SIDS: Seattle, NICHD and San Diego definitions had been cited/quoted in the text and correctly referenced. Papers that incorrectly cited or did not cite one standard definitions were assigned into: (i) those that used mis‐cited, idiosyncratic or other (alternative, non‐standard) definitions and, (ii) those where there was no definition.ResultsFifty‐six per cent of papers correctly cited standard definitions, a 12% decrease from the 68% in a similar study in 2012. Of those only 22% both correctly cited/referenced one of the standard definitions. Major issues in 78% of papers involved citing one and referencing another standard definition (N = 7, 14%), citing or referencing alternative, non‐standard definitions (N = 8, 16%) or not citing or referencing any definition (N = 24, 48%).ConclusionThere is an increasing trend to not follow standard definitions of SIDS. This may hinder data interpretation where cases have not been appropriately defined and negatively impact upon the validity of SIDS research.
Current Status of Endoscopic Surgery in Japan: The 15th National Survey of Endoscopic Surgery by the Japan Society for Endoscopic Surgery
Authors: Shiroshita Hidefumi , Inomata Masafumi , Akira Shigeo , Kanayama Hiroomi , Yamaguchi Shigeki , Eguchi Susumu , Wada Norihito , Kurokawa Yukinori , Uchida Hiroki , Seki Yosuke , Ieiri Satoshi , Iwazaki Masayuki , Sato Yukio , Kitamura Kaoru , Tabata Minoru , Mimata Hiromitsu , Takahashi Hiroshi , Uemura Tetsuji , Akagi Tomonori , Taniguchi Fuminori , Miyajima Akira , Hashizume Makoto , Matsumoto Sumio , Kitano Seigo , Watanabe Masahiko , Sakai Yoshiharu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn Japan, the first endoscopic surgery, a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, was performed in 1990. Since then, operative procedures have been standardized, and the safety and efficacy of endoscopic surgery have been evaluated. In accordance with the social acceptance of endoscopic surgery as a less invasive type of surgery, the number of endoscopic procedures performed has increased in all surgical domains. The Japan Society for Endoscopic Surgery (JSES) has played an important role in the development of endoscopic surgery in Japan. Notably, a technical skills certification system for surgeons was established by the JSES to train instructors on how to teach safe endoscopic surgery. Furthermore, the JSES has conducted a national survey every 2 years. In 2019, 291,792 patients underwent endoscopic surgery in all surgical domains, such as abdominal, thoracic, mammary and thyroid gland, cardiovascular, obstetrics and gynecology, urologic, orthopedic, and plastic surgery. The 15th National Survey of Endoscopic Surgery conducted by the JSES demonstrated the status of laparoscopic surgery in Japan in 2018–2019.
Using hyperrealistic simulations to improve digital informed consent for endourological procedures
Authors: Galve Lahoz Víctor , Corbatón Gomollón David , Rodríguez‐Rubio Cortadellas Federico , Gil Martínez Pedro , Jesús Gil Sanz Maria , Rioja Zuazu Jorge 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesTo show that digital informed consent (DIC) improves the subjective understanding of information and, therefore, informed consent.Patients and MethodsA nonblinded randomized controlled trial was performed in 84 patients who had undergone transurethral resection of bladder, transurethral resection of prostate, or ureterorenoscopy between July 2017 and March 2018. The DIC group watched a hyperrealistic simulation on a tablet device before surgery. After surgery and again 30 days later, both groups completed a validated questionnaire that measured subjective understanding, anxiety, and utility of and need for information.ResultsThe mean ± SD age of the participants was 68.7 ± 11.1 years. Nine of 84 patients (10.7%) did not complete the questionnaire. A total of 42 patients were allocated to the DIC group and 42 to the control group. The mean ± SD score for immediate subjective understanding in the DIC group was 14.5% higher than in the control group (72% ± 17.5% vs 57.5% ± 23.5%, respectively; P = 0.006). There was no statistical difference in anxiety, utility of and need for information relative to delayed subjective understanding. In subgroup analysis, subjective understanding scores were higher, but not significantly so, among patients with low and higher education levels in the DIC group than in the control group (68% ± 18.1% vs 54% ± 22.5% [P = 0.06] and 76% ± 18.3% vs and 66% ± 21.9%, respectively [P = 0.89]).ConclusionHyperrealistic simulations improved subjective understanding of information and, therefore, informed consent for endourological procedures.
Revisiting the role of surgery in the treatment of Graves’ disease
Authors: Cohen Oded , Ronen Ohad , Khafif Avi , Rodrigo Juan P. , Simo Ricard , Pace‐Asciak Pia , Randolph Gregory , Mikkelsen Lauge H. , Kowalski Luiz P. , Olsen Kerry D. , Sanabria Alvaro , Tufano Ralph P. , Babighian Silvia , Shaha Ashok R. , Zafereo Mark , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGraves’ disease (GD) can be managed by antithyroid drugs (ATD), radioactive iodine (RAI) and surgery. Thyroidectomy offers the highest success rates for both primary and persistent disease, yet it is the least recommended or utilized option reaching <1% for primary disease and <25% for persistent disease. Several surveys have found surgery to be the least recommended by endocrinologists worldwide. With the development of remote access thyroidectomies and intraoperative nerve monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, combined with current knowledge of possible risks associated with RAI or failure of ATDs, revaluation of the benefit to harm ratio of surgery in the treatment of GD is warranted. The aim of this review is to discuss possible reasons for the low proportion of surgery in the treatment of GD, emphasizing an evidence‐based approach to the clinicians’ preferences for surgical referrals, surgical indications and confronting traditional reasons and concerns relating to the low referral rate with up‐to‐date data.
Paediatric anterior larynx: presentations, associations and a review of the literature
Authors: Smaily Hussein , El‐Hakim Ismaeel , El‐Hakim Hamdy 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe literature on the entity of the anterior larynx (AL) is restricted to little evidence on the difficulty encountered in exposing the larynx for intubation, perioperative morbidity and mortality, and scant reports on its prevalence in general adults and children. Here, we describe the prevalence of AL in a series of children presenting with aerodigestive symptoms and explore its association with functional abnormalities, congenital and structural anomalies or conditions.SettingTertiary paediatric centre.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective case–control study. Using a prospectively collected surgical database, we identified patients diagnosed with AL (Grades IIb‐III‐IV Modified Cormack‐Lehane scale) and sex and age‐matched controls who had undergone full airway endoscopy for aerodigestive symptoms. We collected the demographics, presentations, associated diagnoses and investigations. We compared the proportion of patients with large airway abnormalities and dysmorphism and estimated the prevalence of AL.ResultsOver a 5.5‐year period, 58 children with AL (28 females, mean age 0.38 years) were matched with 58 controls (mean age 0.42 years). Although both groups presented with permutations of stridor, respiratory failure, cyanotic spells, swallowing and feeding difficulties and SDB, AL presented much more with swallowing and feeding problems (33 vs. 20, p < .05). There were significantly more children with dysmorphism in the AL group (29 vs. 9, p < .05). The prevalence of AL was 4.9% (SE 0.0063).ConclusionsAL was detected in 4.9% of a sample of children who had undergone airway examination for aerodigestive symptoms. It is significantly associated with dysmorphism, and swallowing difficulties that warrant instrumental evaluation.
Prognostic significance of MR identified EMVI, tumour deposits, mesorectal nodes and pelvic side wall disease in locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Chandramohan Anuradha , Mittal Rohin , Dsouza Romina , Yezzaji Harish , Eapen Anu , Simon Betty , John Reetu , Singh Ashish , Ram Thomas S. , Jesudason Mark R. , Masih Dipti , Karuppusami Reka 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimTo study the prognostic significance of MRI identified tumour deposits (TD), extramural vascular invasion (EMVI), lymph node metastases (LNM) and pelvic sidewall (PSW) disease in rectal cancer.MethodsThis IRB approved study was conducted on patients with stage IIA–IIIC rectal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant long course chemoradiotherapy (LCCRT) and total mesorectal excision (TME) type of surgery between 2012–2018. A radiologist blinded to outcome reviewed staging and restaging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for TD, EMVI, LNM and PSW. The agreement between four radiologists was studied and we obtained outcome data from a prospectively maintained database. The prognostic significance of imaging findings was assessed.ResultsA total of 297 (186 males) patients with a mean age of 47.3 (SD14.4) years were included in the study. The majority had T3 (n = 206) or T4 (n = 59) stage disease. The mean duration of follow‐up was 49.3 ± 25 months (6.6–101 months). 5‐year overall (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) was 84% and 74%, respectively. Staging and restaging MRI had EMVI in 49.5% and 31.3%; TD in 47.5% and 31.6%; LNM in 61.1% and 38.1% and PSW in 11.4% and 6.1%. OS was adversely affected by EMVI, TD and PSW with the adjusted HR (aHR) of 3.32, 3.31, 3.27 for staging MRI and 2.99, 3.1, 2.81 for restaging MRI, respectively, p < 0.05. DFS was affected by EMVI (aHR = 1.85, 2.33) and TD (aHR = 1.83, 2.19), p < 0.05. Persistence of these findings after LCCRT led to worst outcome. Intra‐ and interobserver agreement for EMVI, TD and LN was 0.789, 0.734, 0.406 and 0.449, 0.354, 0.376, respectively, p < 0.001.ConclusionsMRI identified that TD, EMVI and PSW disease are independent poor prognostic indicators in rectal cancer patients. Interobserver agreement for these findings was moderate to fair.
Technology and task changes in the major EU countries
Authors: De Nardis Sergio , Parente Francesca 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDrawing on the Acemoglu–Restrepo framework, this article investigates the influence of technological innovations on the wage bill of France, Germany, Italy and Spain We show that in these countries: (a) the wage‐bill deceleration since the 1990s has mainly been productivity driven; (b) but was also affected by a wage‐share compression; (c) contraction of labor‐intensive tasks played a relevant role in such compression; (d) this reflected an acceleration of technology‐induced labor displacement not sufficiently offset by the reinstatement of new labor‐intensive tasks; (e) labor displacement was higher in low‐end services. Econometric analysis of displacement confirms the influence of technology.
Transcriptional analysis identifies potential novel biomarkers associated with successful ex‐vivo perfusion of human donor lungs
Authors: Ferdinand John Robert , Morrison Morvern Isabel , Andreasson Anders , Charlton Catriona , Chhatwal Alisha Kaur , Scott William Earl , Borthwick Lee Anthony , Clatworthy Menna Ruth , Fisher Andrew J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundTransplantation is an effective treatment for end‐stage lung disease, but the donor organ shortage is a major problem. Ex‐vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) of extended criteria organs enables functional assessment to facilitate clinical decision‐making around utilization, but the molecular processes occurring during EVLP, and how they differ between more or less viable lungs, remain to be determined.MethodsWe used RNA sequencing of lung tissue to delineate changes in gene expression occurring in 10 donor lungs undergoing EVLP and compare lungs that were deemed non‐transplantable (n = 4) to those deemed transplantable (n = 6) following perfusion.ResultsWe found that lungs deemed unsuitable for transplantation had increased induction of innate immune pathways and lower expression of oxidative phosphorylation related genes. Furthermore, the expression of SCGB1A1, a gene encoding an anti‐inflammatory secretoglobin CC10, and other club cell genes was significantly decreased in non‐transplantable lungs, while CHIT‐1 was increased. Using a larger validation cohort (n = 17), we confirmed that the ratio of CHIT1 and SCGB1A1 protein levels in lung perfusate have potential utility to distinguish transplantable from non‐transplantable lungs (AUC .81).ConclusionsTogether, our data identify novel biomarkers that may assist with pre‐transplant lung assessment, as well as pathways that may be amenable to therapeutic intervention during EVLPAQ6.
Exenatide‐induced granulomatous panniculitis associated with poly(d,l‐lactide‐co‐glycolide)
Authors: Zhu Caroline S. , Kwan Eddie A. , Williams Grant M. , Lewin‐Smith Michael , Lincoln Mark S. , Lee Abigail J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe extended‐release formulation of exenatide for treatment of Type II diabetes mellitus is encapsulated in microspheres composed of poly(d,l‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) and administered weekly. This medication has been reported to potentially cause injection‐site reactions such as pruritus, transient nodules, and foreign body reaction. Here, we report a case of exenatide‐induced granulomatous panniculitis. Our patient is a 63‐year‐old female with Type II diabetes presenting for concerns about painful nodules on her abdomen, developing approximately every week over the past year and migrating. Of note, the lesions appeared following exenatide injections in the same locations. Two deep‐seated nodules of 1 cm were identified on examination. There were no overlying skin changes, and the lesions were tender to palpation. Punch biopsies of the two lesions were performed, which revealed a septal panniculitis containing amorphous material, along with a mixed inflammatory infiltrate. Gomori methenamine silver (GMS) and acid‐fast bacilli (AFB) stains were negative for organisms. On infrared (IR) spectroscopy examination of the biopsy tissue, the spectral characteristics of (tissue) protein and PLGA were seen. Evaluation of the clinical and histopathologic findings, along with the IR spectroscopy match, determined that exenatide‐induced panniculitis was the cause of the patient's nodules. This case highlights the importance of clinicians' awareness regarding injection‐site reactions.
Understanding autonomous behaviour development: Exploring the developmental contributions of context‐tracking and task selection to self‐directed cognitive control
Authors: Frick Aurélien , Brandimonte Maria A. , Chevalier Nicolas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGaining autonomy is a key aspect of growing up and cognitive control development across childhood. However, little is known about how children engage cognitive control in an autonomous (or self‐directed) fashion. Here, we propose that in order to successfully engage self‐directed control, children identify, and achieve goals by tracking contextual information and using this information to select relevant tasks. To disentangle the respective contributions of these processes, we manipulated the difficulty of context‐tracking via altering the presence or absence of contextual support (Study 1) and the difficulty of task selection by varying task difficulty (a)symmetry (Study 2) in 5–6 and 9‐10‐year‐olds, and adults. Results suggested that, although both processes contribute to successful self‐directed engagement of cognitive control, age‐related progress mostly relates to context‐tracking.
Reconceptualising dentist learning–A commentary
Authors: Goh Adeline Yuen Sze , Lim Alistair Daniel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractProfessional bodies and organisations increasingly require health care professionals, including dentists, to account for their learning as part of mandatory continuing professional development (CPD) requirements. In recent years, there has been a shift from an input‐based model to an outcome‐ based model in order to respond to the needs of dental professionals. In this commentary, we aim to explore the learning assumptions inscribed in these models for CPD. Drawing on one of the authors' dental work experiences and contemporary professional learning literature, we hope to incite discussions on widening our perspectives about dentists’ professional learning and the implications for CPD.