bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Nutrient Solution Proportion on Morphological Indexes of Hyacinthus orientalis L
Authors: Wu Haifeng , Shan Tingting , Li Anlan , Wang Zihan , Liu Yuning , Rozlomiy Natalya G. , Han Lin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Control the hydroponic conditions of hyacinths with different nutrient solution ratios, select the “Blue Star” variety, and set the CK control group with hyacinth bulbs with uniform bulb sizes for experiment, observe and record the hyacinth root system under different nutrient solution ratios, Bud length, growth vigor and so on. The effects of different nutrient solution ratios on the growth and ornamental quality of the root system and buds of hydroponic hyacinths are preliminarily summarized. The results showed that the nutrient solution treatment would temporarily hinder the growth of the root system, and promote the acceleration of the root system growth after the slow seedling period. The effect of formula B was the most obvious. There was a certain correlation between the growth of buds and the growth of roots. Nutrient solution treatment has good effects in controlling plant lengthening, adjusting crown width, increasing scape diameter, increasing leaf area, and increasing leaf chlorophyll content, but different varieties have different adaptability to different nutrient solution formulas.
Identification of Key Nodes in Urban Subway Disaster Network Based on EDK Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Yun , Yue Lihong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In order to systematically study the occurrence and propagation mechanism of disaster events in urban rail transit systems, based on complex network theory, a new coupling algorithm based on degree center algorithm and K-shell decomposition method—EDK algorithm is proposed. The algorithm combines the global and local attributes of the node, and uses the entropy method to determine the weight of the contribution of the index and the KS index to the importance of the node to obtain the comprehensive importance of the node. By comparing with existing node recognition algorithms, the verification algorithm has low complexity and high accuracy. Based on the domestic urban rail transit disaster event data for the past 20 years, construct a disaster-oriented network model, use the EDK algorithm to analyze the urban rail transit disaster risk system, identify key disaster nodes, combine actual data and compare the spread influence with the SI model to verify Disaster models and algorithms. The results show that the EDK algorithm can effectively identify the key disaster nodes in the urban rail transit disaster network, and the evaluation of the importance of the disaster nodes in the network is consistent with the actual situation.
Research and Thinking on Construction Management Techniques of Highway Pavement
Authors: Chen YongKang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Research topics: Based on the working platform of school-enterprise Cooperation Council, the exploration and research on the path of school-enterprise cultural inheritance and co-construction. As the country’s economy continues to grow, the transportation sector continues to develop, with road transport being one of the most important forms of transportation in China. At present, China’s social and economic development is gradually moving into a new period, the pace of urbanization is accelerating, and the living standard of our people is also rising, so the requirements for the relevant urban road traffic are gradually developing in the direction of diversification. The development of the highway business has a lot of influencing factors, so, resulting in a more competitive market atmosphere in the construction of highway construction, some units have also increased the efforts for technology and management, which has a very important significance for the development of highway engineering.
Effects of Grassland Patches on the Composition and Stability of Soil Aggregates in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Wang J , Guo D 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Grassland patchiness was an important process in the succession of grassland degradation. The changings of soil aggregates were affected by grassland patches, which in turn affect soil organic carbon mineralization. In this study, the soil aggregates were divided into three particle sizes: macroaggregates (2-0.25mm), microaggregates (0.25-0.053mm) and clay-silt aggregates (<0.053mm) through the wet sieve method. The indoor culture method measured the cumulative mineralization of soil organic carbon. The study analyzed the changes of soil aggregates in the grassland patches of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and the influences of soil aggregates on the soil organic carbon mineralization. The results of the study showed that grassland patches caused significant differences in soil aggregates. Compared with native vegetation, single plant patches and bare area formed by degradation would reduce the stabilities of aggregates and increased the amount of organic carbon mineralization. Soil aggregates of grassland patches have a significant effect on the cumulative mineralization of organic carbon. Therefore, study of changes in soil aggregates and the impacts of aggregates on organic carbon mineralization would help to accurately understand the future carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems and climate changes.
The Pollution of Atmospheric Microplastics and Their Potential Risks to Humans
Authors: shuo Wang , weiyu Duan , huanming Lv , rui Sun , xu Zhu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As an emerging environmental pollutant, microplastics have widely existed in the global environment. Not like water and soils, the cognition of airbone microplastics is limited. Studies have shown that fiber is the main form of airbone microplastics. For humans, due to the small size of microplastics, microplastics in the atmosphere are easily brought into the human respiratory system through breathing, posing potential risks to human health. This article reviews the characteristics of microplastics in the atmosphere, the transmission routes, and the potential hazards to humans. The characteristics and sources of atmospheric microplastics are investigated, and the airborne transmission path and deposition rules of atmospheric microplastics are summarized. Future research should focuse on on small-size atmospheric microplastics, which are smaller in size and more biologically toxic. The abundance of atmospheric microplastics need to be expressed in a global unified standard manner to increase feasibility in comparison of research works. Future research should explore the effects of plastics on the composition, structure and functions of terrestrial biota.
Reliability Analysis of Photovoltaic Module based on Measured Data
Authors: Liu Yinan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper analyzes the reliability of photovoltaic modules based on the electrical data of photovoltaic modules collected by photovoltaic power stations. Traditional module life depends on equipment calibration and lacks consideration of the actual use of modules. The experimental data in this article comes from modules with different service hours in the real power plant environment. The extended β model with four free variables is used to model the power data of the modules to obtain the expected output power of the modules in each service time. The power generated by the module is used as a measure of the reliability of the module, and the reliability index is used to obtain indicators such as the failure rate and the average life of the module.
Experimental Study on the Performance of PV Modules by Sand Density based on the Desert Environment
Authors: Mingzhi Zhao , Liling Wu , Shuai Wang , Dan Zhang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the research on the performance of photovoltaic modules with different sediment density was carried out under the conditions of the laboratory, and the effects of different sediment density on the open circuit voltage, short circuit current, conversion efficiency, fill factor and power of the photovoltaic module were analyzed. The research results show that the power of the accumulated sand PV module is significantly lower than that of the clean module, but with the increase of the accumulated sand density (0g / m 2-68.3g / m 2), the short circuit current, output power, conversion efficiency and fill factor of the module show a downward trend. There is no significant impact on the open circuit voltage of the module compared with the clean module, and the output power of the module is reduced by 27.8%. The relative power generation rate shows a downward trend and the maximum value of the decline can reach 27.9%.
To Gain A Foothold in the Luxury EV Market for Chinese New Car-making Forces Brands: Resonate with Consumers through Branding First
Authors: Li Li , Li Tianfeng , Cui Jitong , Gu Yingxiao , Zhang Jing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This article used a mixed methods to study the competitive disadvantages of Chinese new car-making forces brands compared with well-known foreign brands. First, based on the consumer resonance theory, the relationship between luxury EV consumers’ self-presentation needs and purchase intention was explained. On this basis, the contents of luxury EV consumers’ self-presentation needs and the product attributes they concerned were investigated through a qualitative study, and then the model to describe the relationships of luxury EV consumers’ purchasing intention, self-presentation needs and the product attributes was built. Finally, a quantitative research was performed to verify the reasonability. It was found that Chinese consumers buy luxury EV to express their self-presentation needs including business success, quality-pursuit and pragmatism. A luxury EV with a higher level of brand awareness and technological innovation, a beautiful appearance, a safe design and cost-effectiveness can meet their self-presentation needs. There is a big gap between the brand awareness, technology innovation and appearance of Chinese new car-making forces brands and the well-known foreign brands. In the future, Chinese new car-making forces should highlight the expression of drivers’ characteristics of business success, quality-pursuit and pragmatism when branding, as well as attach great importance to traditional publicity channels.
Measurement Technology of Grounding Capacitance of Distribution Network Based on the Graded Adjustment of Grounding Transformer Winding
Authors: Jianna OUYANG , Hao BAI , Shifeng OU , shuhui PAN , Shan LI , Changcheng ZHOU 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The traditional method of measuring grounding capacitance of distribution network is greatly affected by neutral grounding method, and the influence of harmonic elimination resistance and internal impedance of voltage transformer on measurement accuracy cannot be eliminated. Therefore, this paper proposes an accurate way to measure grounding capacitance of the distribution network which is not affected by the neutral point grounding method. It uses a special Y/ Δ-connected grounding transformer with taps connected to the distribution network to change the zero-sequence voltage of the distribution network by adjusting the grounding tap of the high-voltage side winding of the grounding transformer, and obtains the required zero-sequence through measurement voltage and zero sequence current to find the capacitance to ground of the system. The proposed measurement method is analyzed in PSCAD/EMTDC, which shows that the method has high measurement accuracy and is safe, simple and economical for the measurement of ground capacitance current.
Intra-individual Associations of Perceived Stress, Affective Valence, and Affective Arousal with Momentary Cortisol in a Sample of Working Adults
Authors: Johnson Jillian A , Zawadzki Matthew J , Jones Dusti R , Reichenberger Julia , Smyth Joshua M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Research pairing ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methodology and ambulatory cortisol during daily life is still rare, as is careful testing of the within-person associations between stress, affect, and cortisol. Using a circumplex approach, we considered both valence and arousal components of affect.

Purpose
To examine the within-person covariation of momentary cortisol with momentary perceived stress, affective valence, and affective arousal in everyday life.

Methods
115 working adults (Mage = 41.2; 76% women; 76% white) completed six EMA surveys per day over 3 days. Each assessment included reports of perceived stress and affect (used to construct indicators of affective valence and arousal), followed by a saliva sample (from which cortisol was assessed). Multi-level models were used to examine the momentary associations between perceived stress, affective valence, affective arousal, and cortisol.

Results
Moments characterized by higher perceived stress were associated with higher cortisol (p = .036). Affective valence covaried with cortisol (p = .003) such that more positive valence was associated with lower cortisol and more negative valence with higher cortisol. Momentary affective arousal was not related to cortisol (p = .131). When all predictors were tested in the same model, only valence remained a significant predictor of cortisol (p = .047).

Conclusion
Momentary perceived stress and affective valence, but not affective arousal, were associated with naturalistic cortisol. Cortisol was more robustly associated with affective valence than perceived stress or affective arousal. These findings extend our understanding of how moments of stress and particular characteristics of affective states (i.e., valence but not arousal) may “get under the skin” in daily life.
Complications after medullary thyroid carcinoma surgery: multicentre study of the SQRTPA and EUROCRINE® databases
Authors: van Beek D -J , Almquist M , Bergenfelz A O , Musholt T J , Nordenström E ,   the EUROCRINE® Council, Almquist M , Barczynski M , Brunaud L , Clerici T , Hansen M H , Iacobone M , Makay Ö , Palazzo F F , Muñoz-Pérez N , Raffaelli M , Riss P , van Slycke S , Vriens M R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Surgery is the curative therapy for patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). In determining the extent of surgery, the risk of complications should be considered. The aim of this study was to assess procedure-specific outcomes and risk factors for complications after surgery for MTC.

Methods
Patients who underwent thyroid surgery for MTC were identified in two European prospective quality databases. Hypoparathyroidism was defined by treatment with calcium/active vitamin D. Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy was diagnosed on laryngoscopy. Complications were considered at least transient if present at last follow-up. Risk factors for at-least transient hypoparathyroidism and RLN palsy were identified by logistic regression analysis.

Results
A total of 650 patients underwent surgery in 69 centres at a median age of 56 years. Hypoparathyroidism, RLN palsy and bleeding requiring reoperation occurred in 170 (26·2 per cent), 62 (13·7 per cent) and 17 (2·6 per cent) respectively. Factors associated with hypoparathyroidism were central lymph node dissection (CLND) (odds ratio (OR) 2·20, 95 per cent c.i. 1·04 to 4·67), CLND plus unilateral lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) (OR 2·78, 1·20 to 6·43), CLND plus bilateral LLND (OR 2·83, 1·13 to 7·05) and four or more parathyroid glands observed (OR 4·18, 1·46 to 12·00). RLN palsy was associated with CLND plus LLND (OR 4·04, 1·12 to 14·58) and T4 tumours (OR 12·16, 4·46 to 33·18). After compartment-oriented lymph node dissection, N0 status was achieved in 248 of 537 patients (46·2 per cent).

Conclusion
Complications after surgery for MTC are procedure-specific and may relate to the unavoidable consequences of radical dissection needed in some patients.
Social Worker Turnover under the Lump Sum Grant Subvention System in Hong Kong: Organisation-Level Analyses
Authors: Dai Haijing , Jiang Niantao , Li Ruobing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Increasing turnovers of social workers under the managerialist system of service subvention in Hong Kong have aroused much concern, but systematic and evidence-based investigation of the problem remains limited, particularly at the organisational level. Using organisation-level data collected from the managers of 101 service organisations, this study examines how organisational characteristics and management practices associate with the turnover rates of social workers. The results show that starting salaries of social workers, income inequality between social workers and managers and service types of organisations affect the odds of emerging social worker turnover. Meanwhile, hiring practices that replace social worker positions with lower-paid jobs and lack of peer support in larger service organisations increase the odds of both emerging and severe turnovers of social workers. Differentiated employment terms and income stratification amongst social workers in the same organisation, however, do not have a significant relationship with social worker turnover. Our findings suggest that social workers tend to demonstrate solidarity as a professional group under the managerialist welfare and service administrations in Hong Kong. Organisational justice in salary distribution and organisational respect for their professional values and team spirits may retain them in service delivery for longer times.
Immunologic and Virologic Factors Associated With Hospitalization in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Exposed, Uninfected Infants in the United States
Authors: Smith Christiana , Huo Yanling , Patel Kunjal , Fetters Kirk , Hegemann Shannon , Burchett Sandra , Van Dyke Russell , Weinberg Adriana 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–exposed, uninfected (HEU) infants experience higher rates of morbidity and mortality than HIV-unexposed, uninfected (HUU) infants. Few studies have examined whether particular infections and/or immune responses are associated with hospitalization among HEU infants born in the United States.MethodsWe evaluated a subset of HEU infants enrolled in the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group P1025 and/or Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study Surveillance Monitoring for ART Toxicities studies. We determined seroconversion to 6 respiratory viruses and measured antibody concentrations to 9 vaccine antigens using quantitative ELISA or electrochemiluminescence. Multivariable modified Poisson regression models were fit to evaluate associations of seroconversion to each respiratory virus/family and antibody concentrations to vaccine antigens with risk of hospitalization in the first year of life. Antibody concentrations to vaccine antigens were compared between HEU infants and HUU infants from a single site using multivariable linear regression models.ResultsAmong 556 HEU infants, seroconversion to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza was associated with hospitalization (adjusted risk ratio, 1.95 [95% CI, 1.21–3.15] and 2.30 [1.42–3.73], respectively). Antibody concentrations to tetanus toxoid, pertussis, and pneumococcal vaccine antigens were higher among 525 HEU compared with 100 HUU infants. No associations were observed between antibody concentrations with any vaccine and hospitalization among HEU infants.ConclusionsRSV and parainfluenza contribute to hospitalization among HEU infants in the first year of life. HEU infants demonstrate robust antibody responses to vaccine antigens; therefore, humoral immune defects likely do not explain the increased susceptibility to infection observed in this population.
Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody Treatment Reduces Hospitalization for Mild and Moderate Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Real-World Experience
Authors: Verderese John Paul , Stepanova Maria , Lam Brian , Racila Andrei , Kolacevski Andrej , Allen David , Hodson Erin , Aslani-Amoli Bahareh , Homeyer Michael , Stanmyre Sarah , Stevens Helen , Garofalo Stephanie , Henry Linda , Venkatesan Chapy , Gerber Lynn H , Motew Steve J , Jones J Stephen , Younossi Zobair M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Neutralizing monoclonal antibody (NmAb) treatments have received Emergency Use Authorization to treat patients with mild or moderate COVID-19 infection. To date, no real- world data on the efficacy of NmAbs have been reported from clinical practice. We assessed the impact of NmAb treatment given in the outpatient clinical practice setting on hospital utilization.

Methods
Electronic medical records were used to identify adult COVID-19 patients who received NmAbs (bamlanivimab [BAM] or casirivimab and imdevimab [REGN-COV2]) and historic COVID-19 controls. Post-index hospitalization rates were compared.

Results
707 confirmed COVID-19 patients received NmAbs and 1709 historic COVID-19 controls were included; 553 (78%) received BAM, 154 (22%) received REGN-COV2. Patients receiving NmAb infusion had significantly lower hospitalization rates (5.8% vs 11.4%, P &lt; .0001), shorter length of stay if hospitalized (mean, 5.2 vs 7.4 days; P = .02), and fewer ED visits within 30 days post-index (8.1% vs 12.3%, P = .003) than controls. Hospitalization-free survival was significantly longer in NmAb patients compared with controls (P &lt; .0001). There was a trend towards a lower hospitalization rate among patients who received NmAbs within 2–4 days after symptom onset. In multivariate analysis, having received an NmAb transfusion was independently associated with a lower risk of hospitalization after adjustment for age, sex, race, BMI, and referral source (adjusted HR [95% CI], .54 [0.38–0.79]; P = .0012). Overall mortality was not different between the 2 groups.

Conclusions
NmAb treatment reduced hospital utilization, especially when received within a few days of symptom onset. Further study is needed to validate these findings.
Single Cell and Plasma RNA Sequencing for RNA Liquid Biopsy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Vong Joaquim S L , Ji Lu , Heung Macy M S , Cheng Suk Hang , Wong John , Lai Paul B S , Wong Vincent W S , Chan Stephen L , Chan Henry L Y , Jiang Peiyong , Chan K C Allen , Chiu Rossa W K , Lo Y M Dennis 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Human plasma contains RNA transcripts released by multiple cell types within the body. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis allows the cellular origin of circulating RNA molecules to be elucidated at high resolution and has been successfully utilized in the pregnancy context. We explored the application of a similar approach to develop plasma RNA markers for cancer detection.

Methods
Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed to decipher transcriptomic profiles of single cells from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples. Cell-type-specific transcripts were identified and used for deducing the cell-type-specific gene signature (CELSIG) scores of plasma RNA from patients with and without HCC.

Results
Six major cell clusters were identified, including hepatocyte-like, cholangiocyte-like, myofibroblast, endothelial, lymphoid, and myeloid cell clusters based on 4 HCC tumor tissues as well as their paired adjacent nontumoral tissues. The CELSIG score of hepatocyte-like cells was significantly increased in preoperative plasma RNA samples of patients with HCC (n = 14) compared with non-HCC participants (n = 49). The CELSIG score of hepatocyte-like cells declined in plasma RNA samples of patients with HCC within 3 days after tumor resection. Compared with the discriminating power between patients with and without HCC using the abundance of ALB transcript in plasma [area under curve (AUC) 0.72)], an improved performance (AUC: 0.84) was observed using the CELSIG score. The hepatocyte-specific transcript markers in plasma RNA were further validated by ddPCR assays. The CELSIG scores of hepatocyte-like cell and cholangiocyte trended with patients’ survival.

Conclusions
The combination of single-cell transcriptomic analysis and plasma RNA sequencing represents an approach for the development of new noninvasive cancer markers.