bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suppressed electronic contribution in thermal conductivity of Ge2Sb2Se4Te
Authors: Aryana Kiumars , Zhang Yifei , Tomko John A. , Hoque Md Shafkat Bin , Hoglund Eric R. , Olson David H. , Nag Joyeeta , Read John C. , Ríos Carlos , Hu Juejun , Hopkins Patrick E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntegrated nanophotonics is an emerging research direction that has attracted great interests for technologies ranging from classical to quantum computing. One of the key-components in the development of nanophotonic circuits is the phase-change unit that undergoes a solid-state phase transformation upon thermal excitation. The quaternary alloy, Ge2Sb2Se4Te, is one of the most promising material candidates for application in photonic circuits due to its broadband transparency and large optical contrast in the infrared spectrum. Here, we investigate the thermal properties of Ge2Sb2Se4Te and show that upon substituting tellurium with selenium, the thermal transport transitions from an electron dominated to a phonon dominated regime. By implementing an ultrafast mid-infrared pump-probe spectroscopy technique that allows for direct monitoring of electronic and vibrational energy carrier lifetimes in these materials, we find that this reduction in thermal conductivity is a result of a drastic change in electronic lifetimes of Ge2Sb2Se4Te, leading to a transition from an electron-dominated to a phonon-dominated thermal transport mechanism upon selenium substitution. In addition to thermal conductivity measurements, we provide an extensive study on the thermophysical properties of Ge2Sb2Se4Te thin films such as thermal boundary conductance, specific heat, and sound speed from room temperature to 400 °C across varying thicknesses.
RNA modifications detection by comparative Nanopore direct RNA sequencing
Authors: Leger Adrien , Amaral Paulo P. , Pandolfini Luca , Capitanchik Charlotte , Capraro Federica , Miano Valentina , Migliori Valentina , Toolan-Kerr Patrick , Sideri Theodora , Enright Anton J. , Tzelepis Konstantinos , van Werven Folkert J. , Luscombe Nicholas M. , Barbieri Isaia , Ule Jernej , Fitzgerald Tomas , Birney Ewan , Leonardi Tommaso , Kouzarides Tony 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRNA molecules undergo a vast array of chemical post-transcriptional modifications (PTMs) that can affect their structure and interaction properties. In recent years, a growing number of PTMs have been successfully mapped to the transcriptome using experimental approaches relying on high-throughput sequencing. Oxford Nanopore direct-RNA sequencing has been shown to be sensitive to RNA modifications. We developed and validated Nanocompore, a robust analytical framework that identifies modifications from these data. Our strategy compares an RNA sample of interest against a non-modified control sample, not requiring a training set and allowing the use of replicates. We show that Nanocompore can detect different RNA modifications with position accuracy in vitro, and we apply it to profile m6A in vivo in yeast and human RNAs, as well as in targeted non-coding RNAs. We confirm our results with orthogonal methods and provide novel insights on the co-occurrence of multiple modified residues on individual RNA molecules.
Acute RyR1 Ca2+ leak enhances NADH-linked mitochondrial respiratory capacity
Authors: Zanou Nadège , Dridi Haikel , Reiken Steven , Imamura de Lima Tanes , Donnelly Chris , De Marchi Umberto , Ferrini Manuele , Vidal Jeremy , Sittenfeld Leah , Feige Jerome N. , Garcia-Roves Pablo M. , Lopez-Mejia Isabel C. , Marks Andrew R. , Auwerx Johan , Kayser Bengt , Place Nicolas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSustained ryanodine receptor (RyR) Ca2+ leak is associated with pathological conditions such as heart failure or skeletal muscle weakness. We report that a single session of sprint interval training (SIT), but not of moderate intensity continuous training (MICT), triggers RyR1 protein oxidation and nitrosylation leading to calstabin1 dissociation in healthy human muscle and in in vitro SIT models (simulated SIT or S-SIT). This is accompanied by decreased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content, increased levels of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation proteins, supercomplex formation and enhanced NADH-linked mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Mechanistically, (S-)SIT increases mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake in mouse myotubes and muscle fibres, and decreases pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphorylation in human muscle and mouse myotubes. Countering Ca2+ leak or preventing mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake blunts S-SIT-induced adaptations, a result supported by proteomic analyses. Here we show that triggering acute transient Ca2+ leak through RyR1 in healthy muscle may contribute to the multiple health promoting benefits of exercise.
Dark exciton anti-funneling in atomically thin semiconductors
Authors: Rosati Roberto , Schmidt Robert , Brem Samuel , Perea-Causín Raül , Niehues Iris , Kern Johannes , Preuß Johann A. , Schneider Robert , Michaelis de Vasconcellos Steffen , Bratschitsch Rudolf , Malic Ermin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTransport of charge carriers is at the heart of current nanoelectronics. In conventional materials, electronic transport can be controlled by applying electric fields. Atomically thin semiconductors, however, are governed by excitons, which are neutral electron-hole pairs and as such cannot be controlled by electrical fields. Recently, strain engineering has been introduced to manipulate exciton propagation. Strain-induced energy gradients give rise to exciton funneling up to a micrometer range. Here, we combine spatiotemporal photoluminescence measurements with microscopic theory to track the way of excitons in time, space and energy. We find that excitons surprisingly move away from high-strain regions. This anti-funneling behavior can be ascribed to dark excitons which possess an opposite strain-induced energy variation compared to bright excitons. Our findings open new possibilities to control transport in exciton-dominated materials. Overall, our work represents a major advance in understanding exciton transport that is crucial for technological applications of atomically thin materials.
Improved electrochemical conversion of CO2 to multicarbon products by using molecular doping
Authors: Wu Huali , Li Ji , Qi Kun , Zhang Yang , Petit Eddy , Wang Wensen , Flaud Valérie , Onofrio Nicolas , Rebiere Bertrand , Huang Lingqi , Salameh Chrystelle , Lajaunie Luc , Miele Philippe , Voiry Damien 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe conversion of CO2 into desirable multicarbon products via the electrochemical reduction reaction holds promise to achieve a circular carbon economy. Here, we report a strategy in which we modify the surface of bimetallic silver-copper catalyst with aromatic heterocycles such as thiadiazole and triazole derivatives to increase the conversion of CO2 into hydrocarbon molecules. By combining operando Raman and X-ray absorption spectroscopy with electrocatalytic measurements and analysis of the reaction products, we identified that the electron withdrawing nature of functional groups orients the reaction pathway towards the production of C2+ species (ethanol and ethylene) and enhances the reaction rate on the surface of the catalyst by adjusting the electronic state of surface copper atoms. As a result, we achieve a high Faradaic efficiency for the C2+ formation of ≈80% and full-cell energy efficiency of 20.3% with a specific current density of 261.4 mA cm−2 for C2+ products.
Gravitational caustics in an atom laser
Authors: Mossman M. E. , Bersano T. M. , Forbes Michael McNeil , Engels P. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTypically discussed in the context of optics, caustics are envelopes of classical trajectories (rays) where the density of states diverges, resulting in pronounced observable features such as bright points, curves, and extended networks of patterns. Here, we generate caustics in the matter waves of an atom laser, providing a striking experimental example of catastrophe theory applied to atom optics in an accelerated (gravitational) reference frame. We showcase caustics formed by individual attractive and repulsive potentials, and present an example of a network generated by multiple potentials. Exploiting internal atomic states, we demonstrate fluid-flow tracing as another tool of this flexible experimental platform. The effective gravity experienced by the atoms can be tuned with magnetic gradients, forming caustics analogous to those produced by gravitational lensing. From a more applied point of view, atom optics affords perspectives for metrology, atom interferometry, and nanofabrication. Caustics in this context may lead to quantum innovations as they are an inherently robust way of manipulating matter waves.
Homo-composition and hetero-structure nanocomposite Pnma Bi2SeS2 - Pnnm Bi2SeS2 with high thermoelectric performance
Authors: Jabar Bushra , Li Fu , Zheng Zhuanghao , Mansoor Adil , Zhu Yongbin , Liang Chongbin , Ao Dongwei , Chen Yuexing , Liang Guangxing , Fan Ping , Liu Weishu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNanocomposite engineering decouples the transport of phonons and electrons. This usually involves the in-situ formation or ex-situ addition of nanoparticles to a material matrix with hetero-composition and hetero-structure (heC-heS) interfaces or hetero-composition and homo-structure (heC-hoS) interfaces. Herein, a quasi homo-composition and hetero-structure (hoC-heS) nanocomposite consisting of Pnma Bi2SeS2 - Pnnm Bi2SeS2 is obtained through a Br dopant-induced phase transition, providing a coherent interface between the Pnma matrix and Pnnm second phase due to the slight structural difference between the two phases. This hoC-heS nanocomposite demonstrates a significant reduction in lattice thermal conductivity (~0.40 W m−1 K−1) and an enhanced power factor (7.39 μW cm−1 K−2). Consequently, a record high figure-of-merit ZTmax = 1.12 (at 773 K) and a high average figure-of-merit ZTave = 0.72 (in the range of 323–773 K) are achieved. This work provides a general strategy for synergistically tuning electrical and thermal transport properties by designing hoC-heS nanocomposites through a dopant-induced phase transition.
Plasma extracellular vesicle long RNA profiles in the diagnosis and prediction of treatment response for breast cancer
Authors: Su Yonghui , Li Yuchen , Guo Rong , Zhao Jingjing , Chi Weiru , Lai Hongyan , Wang Jia , Wang Zhen , Li Lun , Sang Yuting , Hou Jianjing , Xue Jingyan , Shao Zhimin , Chi Yayun , Huang Shenglin , Wu Jiong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA large number RNAs are enriched and stable in extracellular vesicles (EVs), and they can reflect their tissue origins and are suitable as liquid biopsy markers for cancer diagnosis and treatment efficacy prediction. In this study, we used extracellular vesicle long RNA (exLR) sequencing to characterize the plasma-derived exLRs from 112 breast cancer patients, 19 benign patients and 41 healthy participants. The different exLRs profiling was found between the breast cancer and non-cancer groups. Thus, we constructed a breast cancer diagnostic signature which showed high accuracy with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.960 in the training cohort and 0.900 in the validation cohort. The signature was able to identify early stage BC (I/II) with an AUC of 0.940. Integrating the signature with breast imaging could increase the diagnosis accuracy for breast cancer patients. Moreover, we enrolled 58 patients who received neoadjuvant treatment and identified an exLR (exMSMO1), which could distinguish pathological complete response (pCR) patients from non-pCR with an AUC of 0.790. Silencing MSMO1 could significantly enhance the sensitivity of MDA-MB-231 cells to paclitaxel and doxorubicin through modulating mTORC1 signaling pathway. This study demonstrated the value of exLR profiling to provide potential biomarkers for early detection and treatment efficacy prediction of breast cancer.
Versatile carbon-loaded shellac ink for disposable printed electronics
Authors: Poulin Alexandre , Aeby Xavier , Siqueira Gilberto , Nyström Gustav 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEmerging technologies such as smart packaging are shifting the requirements on electronic components, notably regarding service life, which counts in days instead of years. As a result, standard materials are often not adapted due to economic, environmental or manufacturing considerations. For instance, the use of metal conductive tracks in disposable electronics is a waste of valuable resources and their accumulation in landfills is an environmental concern. In this work, we report a conductive ink made of carbon particles dispersed in a solution of shellac. This natural and water-insoluble resin works as a binder, favourably replacing petroleum-derived polymers. The carbon particles provide electrical conductivity and act as a rheology modifier, creating a printable shear-thinning gel. The ink’s conductivity and sheet resistance are 1000 S m−1and 15 Ω sq−1, respectively, and remain stable towards moisture. We show that the ink is compatible with several industry-relevant patterning methods such as screen-printing and robocasting, and demonstrate a minimum feature size of 200 μm. As a proof-of-concept, a resistor and a capacitor are printed and used as deformation and proximity sensors, respectively.
Electronic case report forms generation from pathology reports by ARGO, automatic record generator for onco-hematology
Authors: Zaccaria Gian Maria , Colella Vito , Colucci Simona , Clemente Felice , Pavone Fabio , Vegliante Maria Carmela , Esposito Flavia , Opinto Giuseppina , Scattone Anna , Loseto Giacomo , Minoia Carla , Rossini Bernardo , Quinto Angela Maria , Angiulli Vito , Grieco Luigi Alfredo , Fama Angelo , Ferrero Simone , Moia Riccardo , Di Rocco Alice , Quaglia Francesca Maria , Tabanelli Valentina , Guarini Attilio , Ciavarella Sabino 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe unstructured nature of Real-World (RW) data from onco-hematological patients and the scarce accessibility to integrated systems restrain the use of RW information for research purposes. Natural Language Processing (NLP) might help in transposing unstructured reports into standardized electronic health records. We exploited NLP to develop an automated tool, named ARGO (Automatic Record Generator for Onco-hematology) to recognize information from pathology reports and populate electronic case report forms (eCRFs) pre-implemented by REDCap. ARGO was applied to hemo-lymphopathology reports of diffuse large B-cell, follicular, and mantle cell lymphomas, and assessed for accuracy (A), precision (P), recall (R) and F1-score (F) on internal (n = 239) and external (n = 93) report series. 326 (98.2%) reports were converted into corresponding eCRFs. Overall, ARGO showed high performance in capturing (1) identification report number (all metrics > 90%), (2) biopsy date (all metrics > 90% in both series), (3) specimen type (86.6% and 91.4% of A, 98.5% and 100.0% of P, 92.5% and 95.5% of F, and 87.2% and 91.4% of R for internal and external series, respectively), (4) diagnosis (100% of P with A, R and F of 90% in both series). We developed and validated a generalizable tool that generates structured eCRFs from real-life pathology reports.
Sequence edition of single domains modulates the final immune and antimicrobial potential of a new generation of multidomain recombinant proteins
Authors: Roca-Pinilla Ramon , Holani Ravi , López-Cano Adrià , Saubi Cristina , Baltà-Foix Ricardo , Cobo Eduardo R. , Garcia-Fruitós Elena , Arís Anna 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCombining several innate immune peptides into a single recombinant antimicrobial and immunomodulatory polypeptide has been recently demonstrated. However, the versatility of the multidomain design, the role that each domain plays and how the sequence edition of the different domains affects their final protein activity is unknown. Parental multidomain antimicrobial and immunomodulatory protein JAMF1 and several protein variants (JAMF1.2, JAMF2 and AM2) have been designed and recombinantly produced to explore how the tuning of domain sequences affects their immunomodulatory potential in epithelial cells and their antimicrobial capacity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The replacement of the sequence of defensin HD5 and phospholipase sPLA2 by shorter active fragments of both peptides improves the final immunomodulatory (IL-8 secretion) and antimicrobial function of the multidomain protein against antimicrobial-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus spp. Further, the presence of Jun and Fos leucine zippers in multidomain proteins is crucial in preventing toxic effects on producer cells. The generation of antimicrobial proteins based on multidomain polypeptides allows specific immunomodulatory and antimicrobial functions, which can be easily edited by modifying of each domain sequence.
Direct evidence for metallic mercury causing photo-induced darkening of red cinnabar tempera paints
Authors: Elert Kerstin , Pérez Mendoza Manuel , Cardell Carolina 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPhoto-induced darkening of red cinnabar (HgS) has attracted the interest of many researchers as it drastically impacts the visual perception of artworks. Darkening has commonly been related to metallic mercury (Hg0) formation in the presence of chlorides. Based on the study of UV-aged cinnabar pigment and tempera paint we propose an alternative pathway for the blackening reaction of cinnabar, considering its semiconductor properties and pigment-binder interactions. We demonstrate that darkening is caused by the oxidation of cinnabar to mercury sulfates and subsequent reduction to Hg0via photo-induced electron transfer without the involvement of chlorides, and provide direct evidence for the presence of Hg0on UV-aged tempera paint. Photooxidation also affects the organic binder, causing a competing depletion of photo-generated holes and consequently limiting but not impeding mercury sulfate formation and subsequent reduction to Hg0. In addition, organics provide active sites for Hg0sorption, which is ultimately responsible for the darkening of cinnabar-based paint.
The Bouba-Kiki Effect in Children With Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Gold Rinat , Klein Dina , Segal Osnat 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

The
bouba-kiki
(BK) effect refers to associations between visual shapes and auditory pseudonames. Thus, when tested, people tend to associate the pseudowords
bouba
and
kiki
with round or spiky shapes, respectively. This association requires cross-modal sensory integration. The ability to integrate information from different sensory modalities is crucial for speech development. A clinical population that may be impaired in cross-modal sensory integration is children with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). The purpose of this study was to examine the involvement of cross-modal sensory integration in children with (CAS).

Method:

The BK effect was assessed in participants with CAS (
n
= 18) and two control groups: One control group was composed of children with developmental language disorder (DLD), also termed
specific language impairment
(
n
= 15), and a second group included typically developing (TD) children (
n
= 22). The children were presented with 14 pairs of novel visual displays and nonwords. All the children were asked to state which shape and nonword correspond to one another. In addition, background cognitive (Leiter-3) and language measures (Hebrew PLS-4) were determined for all children.

Results:
Children in the CAS group were less successful in associating between visual shapes and corresponding auditory pseudonames (e.g., associating the spoken word “bouba” with a round shape; the spoken word “kiki” with a spiky shape). Thus, children with CAS demonstrated a statistically significant reduced BK effect compared with participants with TD and participants with DLD. No significant difference was found between the TD group and the DLD group.

Conclusions:
The reduced BK effect in children with CAS supports the notion that cross-modal sensory integration may be altered in these children. Cross-modal sensory integration is the basis for speech production. Thus, difficulties in sensory integration may contribute to speech difficulties in CAS.
A fast estimator for quantifying the shape dependence of the 3D bispectrum
Authors: Shaw Abinash Kumar , Bharadwaj Somnath , Sarkar Debanjan , Mazumdar Arindam , Singh Sukhdeep , Majumdar Suman 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The dependence of the bispectrum on the size and shape of the triangle contains a wealth of cosmological information. Here we consider a triangle parameterization which allows us to separate the size and shape dependence. We have implemented an FFT based fast estimator for the three dimensional (3D) bin averaged bispectrum, and we demonstrate that it allows us to study the variation of the bispectrum across triangles of all possible shapes (and also sizes). The computational requirement is shown to scale as ∼ N
g
3 log N
g
3 where N
g is the number of grid points along each side of the volume. We have validated the estimator using a non-Gaussian field for which the bispectrum can be analytically calculated. The estimated bispectrum values are found to be in good agreement (< 10 % deviation) with the analytical predictions across much of the triangle-shape parameter space. We also introduce linear redshift space distortion, a situation where also the bispectrum can be analytically calculated. Here the estimated bispectrum is found to be in close agreement with the analytical prediction for the monopole of the redshift space bispectrum.
Exploring nucleon structure and hadronization with dihadrons and hadrons in jets at STAR
Authors: Drachenberg J. L. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Over the last decade, theoretical and experimental engagement of transverse-spin phenomena has unlocked tantalizing opportunities for new insights into nucleon structure and hadronization. Observables such as hadrons in jets and dihadron correlations from polarized proton collisions provide access to the transversity distribution function at a range of x complementary to existing semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) experiments but at a much higher range of Q
2. Moreover, these two observables give access through two different factorization frameworks–transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) and collinear–enabling a unique path to address questions concerning factorization-breaking and the universality of TMD functions. Data collected by STAR have revealed the first observations of transverse single-spin asymmetries in the azimuthal distributions of dihadron correlations and hadrons within jets from polarized proton collisions at both

s

= 500 GeV and 200 GeV. The STAR 200 GeV dihadron data have recently been included in global analyses that for the first time include SIDIS, e
+
e
−, and p + p data to extract the transversity distribution. The STAR hadron-in-jet data provide a unique opportunity to illuminate longstanding questions: Do factorization and universality extend to the TMD picture in proton-proton collisions, e.g. through the Collins mechanism? How do TMD functions evolve with changing kinematics? The STAR dihadron and hadron-in-jet data will be presented and discussed in context with the recent global analyses and model calculations.