bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A genome‐scale nutrient minimization forecast algorithm for controlling essential amino acid levels in CHO cell cultures
Authors: Chen Yiqun , Liu Xiao , Anderson Ji Young L. , Naik Harnish Mukesh , Dhara Venkata Gayatri , Chen Xiaolu , Harris Glenn A. , Betenbaugh Michael J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMammalian cell culture processes rely heavily on empirical knowledge in which process control remains a challenge due to the limited characterization/understanding of cell metabolism and inability to predict the cell behaviors. This study facilitates control of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) processes through a forecast‐based feeding approach that predicts multiple essential amino acids levels in the culture from easily acquired viable cell density data. Multiple cell growth behavior forecast extrapolation approaches are considered with logistic curve fitting found to be the most effective. Next, the nutrient‐minimized CHO genome‐scale model is combined with the growth forecast model to generate essential amino acid forecast profiles of multiple CHO batch cultures. Comparison of the forecast with the measurements suggests that this algorithm can accurately predict the concentration of most essential amino acids from cell density measurement with error mitigated by incorporating off‐line amino acids concentration measurements. Finally, the forecast algorithm is applied to CHO fed‐batch cultures to support amino acid feeding control to control the concentration of essential amino acids below 1–2 mM for lysine, leucine, and valine as a model over a 9‐day fed batch culture while maintaining comparable growth behavior to an empirical‐based culture. In turn, glycine production was elevated, alanine reduced and lactate production slightly lower in control cultures due to metabolic shifts in branched‐chain amino acid degradation. With the advantage of requiring minimal measurement inputs while providing valuable and in‐advance information of the system based on growth measurements, this genome model‐based amino acid forecast algorithm represent a powerful and cost‐effective tool to facilitate enhanced control over CHO and other mammalian cell‐based bioprocesses.
Primary bladder amyloidosis mimicking bladder cancer complicated by bladder rupture: A case report
Authors: Sibira Rayan M. , Albakar Ahmed , Younes Nagy , Albozom Issam A. , Al Rumaihi Khalid 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAmyloidosis is related to the extracellular deposition of abnormal protein fibrils in various tissues. It can be either localized to an organ or generalized, affecting multiple systems. Amyloidosis of the urinary bladder is a rare histopathological finding. It is clinically interesting that such cases' clinical, radiological, and even endoscopic presentation mimic urothelial carcinoma to a great extent. Here, we discuss a case of a 49‐year‐old gentleman who presented with frank painless hematuria. The patient was diagnosed with a bladder mass suspicious of malignancy depending on the clinical presentation aided by the cystoscopic and radiological evaluation. Histopathologic samples of the transurethral resection of the mass proved to be primary bladder amyloidosis. This case is of unique clinical interest in that it is the first case reported of bladder amyloidosis that is complicated by extraperitoneal bladder rupture post‐operatively. However, no immediate intraoperative perforation to the bladder wall during resection was evidenced.
Efficient Pyrazolo[5,4‐f]quinoxaline Functionalized Os(II) Based Emitter with an Electroluminescence Peak Maximum at 811 nm
Authors: Zhu Ze‐Lin , Wang Sheng‐Fu , Fu Li‐Wen , Tan Ji‐Hua , Cao Chen , Yuan Yi , Yiu Shek‐Man , Zhang Ye‐Xin , Chi Yun , Lee Chun‐Sing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUpon fusing the pyrazinyl pyrazole entity in giving pyrazolo[3,4‐f]quinoxaline chelate, the corresponding Os(II) based NIR emitter exhibited “invisible” and efficient electroluminescence with a peak maximum at 811 nm. A maximum external quantum efficiency of 0.97 % and a suppressed efficiency roll‐off till a current density of 300 mA cm−2 was also exhibited.
Prebiotically Plausible Autocatalytic Peptide Amyloids
Authors: Rout Saroj K. , Rhyner David , Riek Roland , Greenwald Jason 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe prebiotic emergence of molecules capable both of self‐replication and of storing information was a defining event at the dawn of life. Still, no plausible prebiotic self‐replication of biologically relevant molecules has been demonstrated. Building upon the known templating nature of amyloids, we present two systems in which the products of a peptide‐bond‐forming reaction act as self‐replicators to enhance the yield and stereoselectivity of their formation. This first report of an amino acid condensation that can undergo autocatalysis further supports the potential role of amyloids in prebiotic molecular evolution as an environment‐responsive and information‐coding system capable of self‐replication.
Institutions and entrepreneurship in a non‐ergodic world
Authors: Li Dan , Hitt Michael A. , Batjargal Bat , Ireland R. Duane , Miller Toyah L. , Cuervo‐Cazurra Alvaro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractResearch SummaryThis special issue advances the global strategy and entrepreneurship fields by providing a better understanding of the linkage between institutions and entrepreneurship. We provide an overview of existing literature in three key research areas: (a) the impact of institutions (types and complexity) on entrepreneurship, (b) the effect of institutional evolution (overall evolution and interplay among institutions) on entrepreneurship, and (c) the coevolution of institutions and entrepreneurship. We introduce the eight articles appearing in this special issue, examine the relationship between institutions and entrepreneurship in a non‐ergodic world, and highlight meaningful and promising avenues for future research in each of the three key research areas in the domain of institutions and entrepreneurship.Managerial SummaryThis study clarifies the complex relationship between institutions (the rules and norms that govern economic transactions) and entrepreneurship. Our discussion of existing literature, special issue articles, institutions and entrepreneurship in a world of significant change, and several promising avenues for future research highlights to entrepreneurs and their stakeholders the critical role that institutions play in entrepreneurial strategies and actions in three ways. First, the types of institutions and their complexity in a location alter entrepreneurs' incentives and ability to create new ventures. Second, the continued changes in institutions ‐ some in favor of free‐market relationships and others restricting them ‐ alter entrepreneurs' behaviors. Third, the entrepreneurial spirit and the creation of new ventures can drive the transformation of institutions that govern future market transactions.
Effects of dexmedetomidine on the expression profile of tsRNAs in LPS‐induced acute lung injury
Authors: Lin Yue , Cai Junying , Huang Dan , Zhou Bin , Luo Zhenzhong , Yu Shuchun , Lu Jun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundAcute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by impaired alveolar function and excessive inflammation, which is commonly seen in clinical anesthesia and intensive care units. tRNA‐derived small RNA (tsRNA) is a non‐coding RNA that can be used as a potential disease diagnostic biomarker. The connection between ALI and tsRNA remains unknown. We aimed to explore the possible regulatory functions and mechanisms of tsRNAs in ALI treated with DEX.MethodsFirstly, we established the ALI model by LPS injection and explored the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) treatment on lung damage. Then, the lung tissues were obtained from the LPS and LPS + DEX group for small RNA sequencing.ResultsWe proved that DEX could ameliorate pulmonary injury, and decreased inflammation, pulmonary edema, and ferroptosis (MDA down‐regulation and GPX4 up‐regulation) in ALI. Furthermore, in the tsRNA expression profile, the top 10 down‐regulated tsRNAs were tsRNA‐1018, tsRNA‐3045b, tsRNA‐5021a, tsRNA‐1020, tsRNA‐5002b, tsRNA‐3045b, tsRNA‐1026, tsRNA‐5004a, tsRNA‐5005b and tsRNA‐1009, and the top 10 up‐regulated tsRNAs were tsRNA‐3025b, tsRNA‐3025a, tsRNA‐5016b, tsRNA‐3042b, tsRNA‐3029b, tsRNA‐3028b, tsRNA‐5006a, tsRNA‐3027b, tsRNA‐3027a, and tsRNA‐5009b. The enrichment analysis of GO terms and KEGG pathways pointed that target genes of DE‐tsRNAs were mainly enriched in regulation of transcription‐associated GO terms, NF‐kappa B signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway. The RT‐qPCR results of tsRNA‐1020 and tsRNA‐1018 were in accordance with small RNA sequencing data.ConclusionDEX affected the abnormal expression of tsRNAs in ALI. These aberrantly expressed tsRNAs and enriched physiological processes provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of ALI.
Preparation of multiplexed control materials for cancer mutation analysis by genome editing in GM12878 cells
Authors: Lin Guigao , Zhang Kuo , Han Yanxi , Peng Rongxue , Li Jinming 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundQuality control materials are necessary for assay development, test validation, and proficiency testing in cancer mutation analysis. Most of the existing controls for somatic mutations only harbor a single variant and are derived from unstable cell lines. This study aimed to establish a method to create stable multianalyte controls in a defined background by genome editing in GM12878 cells, which also can be applied for the reference of next‐generation sequencing.MethodsGM12878 cells were electroporated with a donor plasmid containing a mutant DNA sequence and a Cas9/sgRNA expressing vector. The genome‐edited GM12878 cell was validated with Sanger sequencing, amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS), and next‐generation sequencing (NGS).ResultsWe have successfully generated a mutant GM12878 cell line harboring the defined variants including single‐nucleotide variants (SNVs), small insertions and deletions (indels), and structural variants (SVs). The introduction of intended mutations in GM12878 cell line was confirmed by both ARMS and sequencing methods.ConclusionsWe developed a method for the preparation of the multiplexed controls for reference mutations in cancer gene by genome editing in GM12878 cells. This methodology can be used to generate other stable cancer reference materials with an unlimited supply.
Imaging appearance of ovarian mature teratoma with gliomatosis peritonei
Authors: Zhang Min , Wu Tang Na , Lin Hai , Qin Ling‐ling 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGliomatosis peritonei (GP), almost exclusively linked to mature or immature ovarian teratoma, is a very rare disease. To the best of our knowledge, reports on the complete clinical course and imaging features of ovarian mature teratoma with GP are extremely rare. We present a case of ovarian mature teratoma with GP in a 9‐year‐old girl admitted to the emergency department for a 2‐month history of a large abdominal mass found accidentally. Carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen 125 levels were elevated. CT scans suggested a large mass with mild enhancement, and an immature teratoma derived from the left ovary with ascites was diagnosed by ultrasound. Subsequently, left ovarian tumor resection and omentectomy were performed, and a solid cystic mass accompanied by massive ascites and numerous white to grayish nodules was identified on the left ovary. The pathology results revealed a mature teratoma with GP. The patient had good postoperative recovery, and her serum tumor marker levels decreased to normal at the 3‐month follow‐up.
Dynamics of spreading of SARS‐CoV‐2 in a Belgian hemodialysis facility: The importance of the analysis of viral strains
Authors: Labriola Laura , Ruelle Jean , Scohy Anaïs , Seghers François , Perlot Quentin , De Greef Julien , Desmet Christine , Romain Cécile , Yombi Jean Cyr , Rodriguez‐Villalobos Hector , Kabamba Benoît , Jadoul Michel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn‐center maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients are at high risk of acquiring coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) by cross‐contamination inside the unit. The aim of this study was to assess retrospectively the dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) transmission during the very first pandemic phase (March–July 2020) in a cohort of in‐center maintenance HD patients and in nurses the same HD facility, using a phylogenetic approach. All SARS‐CoV‐2 quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction positive patients and nurses from our HD unit‐respectively 10 out of 98, and 8 out of 58‐ and two other positive patients dialyzed in our self‐care unit were included. Whole‐genome viral sequencing and phylogenetic analysis supported the cluster investigation. Five positive patients were usually dialyzed in the same room and same shift before their COVID‐19 diagnosis was made. Viral sequencing performed on 4/5 patients' swabs showed no phylogenetic link between their viruses. The fifth patient (whose virus could not be sequenced) was dialyzed at the end of the dialysis room and was treated by a different nurse than the one in charge of the other patients. Three nurses shared the same virus detected in both self‐care patients (one of them had been transferred to our in‐center facility). The epidemiologically strongly suspected intra‐unit cluster could be ruled out by viral genome sequencing. The infection control policy did not allow inter‐patient contamination within the HD facility, in contrast to evidence of moderate dissemination within the nursing staff and in the satellite unit. Epidemiologic data without phylogenetic confirmation might mislead the interpretation of the dynamics of viral spreading within congregate settings.
Severe neonatal COVID‐19: Challenges in management and therapeutic approach
Authors: Marsico Concetta , Capretti Maria Grazia , Aceti Arianna , Vocale Caterina , Carfagnini Filomena , Serra Carla , Campoli Caterina , Lazzarotto Tiziana , Corvaglia Luigi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), the etiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), may manifest as a life‐threatening respiratory infection with systemic complications. Clinical manifestations among children are generally less severe than those seen in adults, but critical cases have increasingly been reported in infants less than 1 year of age. We report a severe case of neonatal COVID‐19 requiring intensive care and mechanical ventilation, further complicated by a multidrug‐resistant Enterobacter asburiae super‐infection. Chest X‐rays, lung ultrasound, and chest computed tomography revealed extensive interstitial pneumonia with multiple consolidations, associated with persistent increased work of breathing and feeding difficulties. SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA was detected in respiratory specimens and stools, but not in other biological samples, with a rapid clearance in stools. Serological tests demonstrated a specific SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody response mounted by the neonate and sustained over time. The therapeutic approach included the use of enoxaparin and steroids which may have contributed to the bacterial complication, underlying the challenges in managing neonatal COVID‐19, where the balance between viral replication and immunomodulation maybe even more challenging than in older ages.
High‐dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell rescue in Wilms tumors: French report on toxicity and efficacy
Authors: Delafoy Manon , Verschuur Arnauld , Scheleirmacher Gudrun , Tabone Marie‐Dominique , Sudour‐Bonnange Hélène , Thébaud Estelle , Freycon Claire , Notz‐Carrère Anne , Boulanger Cécile , Pellier Isabelle , Irtan Sabine , Muracciole Xavier , Coulomb‐L'Hermine Aurore , Dijoud Frédérique , Morelle Magali , Bergeron Christophe , Pasqualini Claudia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundHeterogeneous data have been reported on high‐dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with autologous stem cell rescue (ASCR) in Wilms tumors (WTs). We aimed to define its safety and efficacy in the French cohort, and to compare this management to current international recommendations.MethodsData prospectively collected from children, adolescents, and young adults with WT treated with HDCT/ASCR between 2000 and 2016 in French centers were retrospectively analyzed. Toxicity was reported according to CTCAE v4.03.ResultsFifty‐four patients received HDCT/ASCR (first line, n = 13; recurrence, n = 41). Their median age at the time of ASCR was 5.3 years (range 2.2–21.6). Main nonhematological acute grades 3–4 toxicities were digestive and renal. No significant difference of toxicity rate was observed among HDCT regimens and schedules. Two patients died shortly after ASCR (renal and multiorgan failure), and one heavily pretreated patient died of late respiratory failure. The selection criteria applied to define those patients eligible for HDCT/ASCR retrospectively matched to those currently used in the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) UMBRELLA protocol for 38 patients, with encouraging survival rates compared to published data. The objective response rate to HDCT was 21%, with a disease control rate after HDCT of 85%. After a median follow‐up of 7 years, the 5‐year event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 54% (95% CI: 32%–76%) and 62% (95% CI: 31%–82%) for frontline patients, and 57% (95% CI: 39%–71%) and 69% (95% CI: 52%–81%) at recurrence.ConclusionHDCT was feasible and showed encouraging results in well‐defined settings. Data from the current prospective protocol will help to better evaluate HDCT impact on survival.
Photo‐mediated metal‐free atom transfer radical polymerization: recent advances in organocatalysts and perfection towards polymer synthesis
Authors: Soly Sneha , Mistry Bhavita , Murthy CN 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAtom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is a significant improvement over traditional radical polymerization, which lacked control over molecular weight distribution and molecular weight. However, with the increasing advancement in synthetic polymer chemistry and the requirement of doing away with metal catalysts, which on one hand remain as contaminants even in trace quantities and on the other are environmentally unsustainable, catalysts that are totally organic in nature are being explored and success is being reported in the literature although in a very sparse way. This review is an attempt to give an overview of all the organic photocatalysts employed in metal‐free ATRP reported from 2014. It covers the recent advancements in photoinduced metal‐free ATRP and explains about the two possible mechanisms, i.e. oxidative and reductive quenching pathways, and the future direction in which this unique polymerization technique is heading. © 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Effectiveness of a Classroom‐Implemented, App‐Based Morphology Program for Language‐Minority Students: Examining Latent Language‐Literacy Profiles and Contextual Factors as Moderators
Authors: Bratlie Siri Steffensen , Gustafsson Jan‐Eric , Torkildsen Janne von Koss 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLanguage‐minority students constitute a heterogeneous group, both in terms of skills in the majority language and contextual factors, such as language use at home and socioeconomic status. These characteristics may interact with the effectiveness of language instruction programs. This study investigated whether the effectiveness of a digital morphology program conducted in mainstream classrooms differed between Norwegian second‐grade language‐minority students (n = 188) and language‐majority students (n = 521). Further, the study examined language‐minority students’ latent language‐literacy skill profiles. Specifically, it investigated how the skill profiles related to the students’ initial morphological word knowledge and the immediate and long‐term effects of the program. Intention‐to‐treat analyses showed positive effects of the program on morphological word knowledge at posttest (d = 0.30) and 6‐month follow‐up (d = 0.27), with no evidence of group differences in program effects. For the language‐minority students, a latent profile model with three language‐literacy profiles emerged. All three profiles had low vocabulary compared to the full sample but differed in reading and spelling. There were significant differences between the three profiles in initial morphological word knowledge. However, the program effects were not associated with the language‐literacy profiles or contextual factors. Findings suggest that language‐minority students can benefit from classroom‐implemented language instruction programs on an equal level as language‐majority peers.
An early Cambrian mackenziid reveals links to modular Ediacaran macro‐organisms
Authors: Zhao Yang , Vinther Jakob , Li Yu‐Jing , Wei Fan , Hou Xian‐Guang , Cong Pei‐Yun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMany Ediacaran macrofossils are apparently composed of unique pneus (similar, repetitive tubular modules) forming a variety of body shapes by combinations of modular growth regimes. The large‐scale disappearance of Ediacaran macro‐organisms at the end of the Precambrian leaves this now extinct modular body plan only rarely reported from the Cambrian onwards. Mackenzia costalis is an enigmatic and poorly understood soft‐bodied organism from the middle Cambrian, and is a possible surviving member of the Ediacaran macrobiota. Here, we describe a new mackenziid, Paramackenzia canalifera, from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota, Yunnan Province, south‐west China. It has a body plan comprising longitudinal tubular modules that are radially arranged to form a cylindrical body with a basal attachment. Each tubular module is enclosed by an inner and outer concentric membrane, separated from adjacent modules by a thin lamellar sheet. Infilling sediment and preservation of dark, basal stains at the inner and outer membranes reveal a pore–canal system within the lamellae, connecting the internal cavity to the exterior. This arrangement of tubular modules is similar to that of several macroscopic Ediacaran species, including erniettomorphs and dickinsoniomorphs, which were constructed of serial hydrostatic modules referred to as ‘pneus’. The mackenziid pore system is similar to that of sponges and archaeocyathids in function and feeding strategy, but the overall anatomy precludes affiliation to this phylum. We suggest that mackenziids are most likely to be a blastic or diploblastic anatomical grade of stem eumetazoans, similar to other modular Ediacaran macro‐organisms.
Did You Find It on the Internet? Ethical Complexities of Search Engine Rankings
Authors: Canca Cansu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSearch engines play a crucial role in our access to information. Their search ranking can amplify certain information while making others virtually invisible. Ethical issues arise regarding the criteria that the ranking is based on, the structure of the resulting ranking, and its implications. Critics often put forth a collection of commonly held values and principles, arguing that these provide the needed guidance for ethical search engines. However, these values and principles are often in tension with one another and lead us to incompatible criteria and results, as I show in this short chapter. We need a more rigorous public debate that goes beyond principles and engages with necessary value trade-offs.