bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
68Ga-P15-041, A Novel Bone Imaging Agent for Diagnosis of Bone Metastases
Authors: Guo Rui , Meng Xiangxi , Wang Fei , Yu Jiangyuan , Xie Qing , Zhao Wei , Zhu Lin , Kung Hank F. , Yang Zhi , Li Nan 
Published: November 2021

Objectives68Ga-P15-041 (68Ga-HBED-CC-BP) is a novel bone-seeking PET radiotracer, which can be readily prepared by using a simple kit formulation and an in-house 68Ga/68Ge generator. The aim of this study is to assess the potential human application of 68Ga-P15-041 for clinical PET/CT imaging and to compare its efficacy to detect bone metastases of different cancers with 99mTc-MDP whole-body bone scintigraphy (WBBS).MethodsInitial kinetic study using Patlak analysis and parametric maps were performed in five histopathologically proven cancer patients (three males, two females) using 68Ga-P15-041 PET/CT scan only. Another group of 51 histopathologically proven cancer patients (22 males, 29 females) underwent both 99mTc-MDP WBBS and 68Ga-P15-041 PET/CT scans within a week, sequentially. Using either pathology examination or follow-up CT or MRI scans as the gold standard, the diagnostic efficacy and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of the two methods in identifying bone metastases were compared (p &lt;0.05, statistically significant).ResultsFifty-one patients were imaged, and 174 bone metastatic sites were identified. 68Ga-P15-041 PET/CT and 99mTc-MDP WBBS detected 162 and 81 metastases, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of 68Ga-P15-041 PET/CT and 99mTc-MDP WBBS were 93.1% vs 81.8%, 89.8% vs 90.7%, 77.5% vs 69.2%, 97.2% vs 93.4% and 90.7% vs 88.4%, respectively. Our results showed that the mean of SUVmax was significantly higher in metastases than that in benign lesions, 15.1 ± 6.9 vs. 5.6 ± 1.3 (P &lt;0.001). Using SUVmax = 7.6 as the cut-off value by PET/CT, it was possible to predict the occurrence of metastases (AUC = 0.976; P &lt;0.001; 95% CI: 0.946–0.999). However, it was impossible to distinguish osteoblastic bone metastases from osteolytic bone lesions. Parametric maps based on Patlak analysis provided excellent images and highly valuable quantitative information.Conclusions68Ga-P15-041 PET/CT, offering a rapid bone scan and high contrast images in minutes, is superior to the current method of choice in detecting bone metastases. It is reasonable to suggest that 68Ga-P15-041 PET/CT could become a valuable routine nuclear medicine procedure in providing excellent images for detecting bone metastases in cancer patients. 68Ga-P15-041 could become a valuable addition expanding the collection of 68Ga-based routine nuclear medicine procedures where 18F fluoride is not currently available.
Bibliometric Insights in Advances of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: Research Landscapes, Turning Points, and Global Trends
Authors: Wang Hanyu , Yu Yuxin , Wang Kang , Sun Hui 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThyroid cancers are the most common endocrine malignancies with a dramatic increase in incidences. Anaplastic thyroid cancer is a rare but deadly form among thyroid cancers. To better understand of this field, we assessed the global scientific outputs and tried to depict its overview via bibliometric methods.MethodsApproximately 1,492 science publications published between 1997 and 2020 were included by systematic retrieval in the WoS database. The general information of them was characterized, and the developmental skeleton and research frontiers were explored.ResultsThe article number in this field has been increasing in the past 24 years. North America, East Asia, and Western Europe have reached remarkable achievements. Mutations of BARF and TERT and their downstream pathways have attracted researchers’ attention, where genetic diagnosis provides new clinical insight and several targeted therapeutic approaches have been on the clinical trial.ConclusionsNumerous efforts have been made to figure out gene expression reprogramming of anaplastic thyroid cancer and key mechanism in driving its dedifferentiation, invasion and migration process. Targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and systematic combination therapy are the recent current research hotspots. These results provide insightful clues for the funding direction and the potential breakthrough direction of the anaplastic thyroid cancer study.
Stress and Pain Before, During and After the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Longitudinal Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Pagé M. Gabrielle , Dassieu Lise , Develay Élise , Roy Mathieu , Vachon-Presseau Étienne , Lupien Sonia , Rainville Pierre 
Published: November 2021

Aims: This study explores the association between subjective feeling of stress and pain experience in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic with a focus on characteristics known to trigger a physiological stress response [sense of low control, threat to ego, unpredictability and novelty (STUN)].Methods: This exploratory longitudinal convergent mixed methods design consisted of online questionnaires over three time points (before, during and after the 1st wave of the COVID-19 pandemic) (N = 49) and qualitative interviews (N = 27) during the 1st wave of the pandemic on distinct samples of individuals living with chronic pain (CP). Both types of data sources were mixed upon integration using joint display.Results: Mean pain intensity scores remained stable across time points, while pain unpleasantness and pain interference scores significantly improved. Global impression of change scores measured during the first wave of the pandemic do not entirely concord with pain scores evolution. Two thirds of participants reported a global deterioration of their pain condition at the beginning of the pandemic. Stress and pain catastrophizing before the pandemic were associated with pain scores throughout the pandemic; while most specific measures of stress due to the novel, uncontrollable, unpredictable and threatening nature of the pandemic were not. Qualitative data demonstrated that the deterioration reported in pain status reflected additional dimensions, including spatial expansion of the painful area, reduced access to treatments and challenges in adapting pain management strategies.Conclusions: Helping individuals to negotiate stressful aspects of the pandemic might help offset the negative impacts of stress on pain status in this context or other important life events.
Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection During Late Pregnancy on Early Childhood Development: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Tianchen , Chen Lian , Wang Yuanyuan , Shi Huifeng , Niu Jieqiong , Yin Xiaohan , Li Mengshi , Tan Chang , Jiang Hai , Zheng Danni , Wei Yuan , Zhao Yangyu , Wang Xiaoli , Qiao Jie 
Published: November 2021

Background: There is little direct or indirect evidence of the effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy on early childhood development.Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational cohort study in China from May 1 to October 31, 2020, that enrolled 135 mother-infant dyads: 57 dyads in the infection cohort and 78 in the non-infection cohort. Among all infants, 14.0% were preterm birth in the infection cohort and 6.4% in the non-infection cohort. Participants were followed by telephone interviews to collect demographic characteristics, medical records of coronavirus disease 2019, breastfeeding data, and early childhood development was assessed by the Age and Stage Questionnaire (ASQ-3) and Age and Stage Questionnaire Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE-2) Chinese versions at 3 months after childbirth. We used multivariable Poisson regression models to estimate the relative risk (RR) of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Multivariable linear regression models and a mediation model were used to test the direct and indirect associations between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the ASQ-3 score. This study was approved by the Peking University Third Hospital Medical Science Research Ethics Committee (No. IRB00006761-M2020127).Results: In the infection cohort, 13.6% of the children showed social–emotional developmental delay, and 13.5% showed overall developmental delay. The corresponding rates in the non-infection cohort were 23.4 and 8.1%. Compared with the non-infection cohort, SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy did not increase the risk of social-emotional (RR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.51–1.49) or overall (RR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.60–1.73) developmental delay. The mediation model showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection indirectly affected the ASQ-3 score by increasing the length of mother–infant separation.Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 during late pregnancy did not increase the risk of developmental delay of the offspring 3 months after delivery. However, SARS-CoV-2 may have indirect effects on early childhood development by increasing mother-infant separation.
Inhibition of Inflammation and Regulation of AQPs/ENaCs/Na+-K+-ATPase Mediated Alveolar Fluid Transport by Total Flavonoids Extracted From Nervilia fordii in Lipopolysaccharide-induced Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Yin Shuomiao , Ding Meizhu , Fan Long , Yu Xuhua , Liang Ziyao , Wu Lei , Gao Zhiling , Lin Lin , Chen Yuanbin 
Published: November 2021

Aims: The occurrence of vascular permeability pulmonary edema in acute lung injury (ALI) is related to the imbalance of alveolar fluid transport. Regulating the active transport of alveolar fluid by aquaporins (AQPs), epithelial sodium channels (ENaCs), and Na+-K+-ATPase can effectively reduce the edema fluid in the alveolar cavity and protect against ALI. We evaluated the therapeutic effects of total flavonoids, extracted from Nervilia fordii (TFENF), and investigated its potential mechanisms of alveolar fluid transport in a rat ALI model.Materials and methods: A model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 mg/kg)-induced ALI was established in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats through the arteriae dorsalis penis. SD rats were divided into six groups, including the vehicle, LPS model, TFENF (6 mg/kg, 12 mg/kg, 24 mg/kg), and dexamethasone group (DEX group, 5 mg/kg). The wet-to-dry (W/D) lung weight ratio, oxygenation index, and histopathological observation were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of TFENF. The mRNA expression of AQPs, ENaCs, and pro-inflammatory cytokines was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction, whereas protein expression was determined using immunohistochemistry. The Na+-K+-ATPase activity was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: LPS significantly stimulated the production of inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β, and disrupted the water transport balance in the alveolar cavity by inhibiting AQPs/ENaCs/Na+-K+-ATPase. Pretreatment with TFENF reduced the pathological damage and W/D ratio of the lungs and ameliorated the arterial blood oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) and oxygenation index. TFENF further decreased the mRNA level of TNF-α and IL-1β; increased the expression of AQP-1, AQP-5, αENaC, and βENaC; and increased Na+-K+-ATPase activity. Moreover, the regulation of AQPs, βENaC, and Na+-K+-ATPase and the inhibition of TNF-α and IL-1β by TFENF were found to be dose dependent.Conclusion: TFENF protects against LPS-induced ALI, at least in part, through the suppression of inflammatory cytokines and regulation of the active transport capacity of AQPs/ENaCs/Na+-K+-ATPase. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of TFENF as phytomedicine to treat inflammation and pulmonary edema in ALI.
Comparison of Pharmacological Treatment Effects on Long-Time Outcomes in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Lin Yaowang , Wu Meishan , Liao Bihong , Pang Xinli , Chen Qiuling , Yuan Jie , Dong Shaohong 
Published: November 2021

Beneficial effects of therapeutic drugs are controversial for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate and compare the interactive effects of different therapeutic drugs and placebo in patients with HFpEF. A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register to identify related articles published before March 2021. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were cardiovascular mortality, heart failure (HF) hospitalization, and worsening HF events. A total of 14 randomized controlled trials, comprising 19,573 patients (intervention group, n = 9,954; control group, n = 9,619) were included in this network meta-analysis. All-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and worsening HF events among therapeutic drugs and placebo with follow-up of 0.5–4 years were not found to be significantly correlated. The angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) significantly reduced the HF hospitalizations compared with placebo (hazard ratio [HR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60–0.87 and HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.43–0.96, respectively), without heterogeneity among studies. The ARNI was superior to angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) in reducing HF hospitalizations (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.71–0.91), and vericiguat 10 mg ranked worse than beta-blockers for reducing all-cause mortality in patients with HFpEF (HR 3.76, 95% CI 1.06–13.32). No therapeutic drugs can significantly reduce mortality, but the ARNI or ACEI is associated with the low risk of HF hospitalizations for patients with HFpEF.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42021247034
Efficacy and Safety of TCMI in Patients With Combined Coronary Heart Disease and Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wei Penglu , Yang Kuo , Long Dehuai , Tan Yupei , Xing Wenlong , Li Xiang , Wu Hongli , Liu Hongxu 
Published: November 2021

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of conventional treatments (CTs) to those that included traditional Chinese medicine injections (TCMIs) in patients with combined coronary heart disease and heart failure (CHD-HF).Methods:Eight electronic literature databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Database) were searched from their inceptions to May 18, 2021, to identify relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The primary outcomes analyzed included the total effectiveness rate and adverse events (ADRs). The secondary outcomes analyzed included the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and 6-min walk test (6MWT). Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to assess quality of the analyzed RCTs. Stata and OpenBUGS software were used to prior to the systematic review and network meta-analysis.Results:Sixty-one eligible trials involved 5,567 patients and one of the following 15 TCMIs: Shuxuetong, Shenmai, Shenfu, Shengmai, Danshenduofenyansuan, Danhong, Dazhuhongjingtian, Xinmailong, Dengzhanxixin, Gualoupi, Shuxuening, Xuesaitong, Yiqi Fumai, Shenqi Fuzheng, Huangqi. Network meta-analysis revealed that Shuxuetong injection + CT group was superior to CT only in improving the total effectiveness rate [odds ratio (OR): 7.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17–27.41]. Shenmai injection + CT was superior to CT only for LVEF (OR: 8.97, CI: 4.67–13.18), Xinmailong injection + CT was superior to CT only for NT-proBNP (OR: −317.70, CI: −331.10–303.10), Shenqi Fuzheng injection + CT was superior to CT only for BNP (OR: −257.30, CI: −308.40–242.80); and Danhong injection + CT was superior to CT only for 6MWT (OR: 84.40, CI: 62.62−106.20). Different TCMIs had different toxicity spectrums.Conclusion:TCMIs combined with CT are better than CT alone in treating CHD-HF. Different TCMIs improve different outcomes. Additional properly designed RCTs are needed to conduce a more refined comparison of various TCMIs.Systematic Review Registration:[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [CRD42021258263].
Profibrillatory Structural and Functional Properties of the Atrial-Pulmonary Junction in the Absence of Remodeling
Authors: Gottlieb Lisa A. , Belterman Charly , van Amersfoorth Shirley , Loyer Virginie , Constantin Marion , Hocini Mélèze , Dekker Lukas R. C. , Coronel Ruben 
Published: November 2021

Background: Sole pulmonary vein (PV) isolation by ablation therapy prevents atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with short episodes of AF and without comorbidities. Since incomplete PV isolation can be curative, we tested the hypothesis that the PV in the absence of remodeling and comorbidities contains structural and functional properties that are proarrhythmic for AF initiation by reentry.Methods: We performed percutaneous transvenous in vivo endocardial electrophysiological studies and quantitative histological analysis of PV from healthy sheep.Results: The proximal PV contained more myocytes than the distal PV and a higher percentage of collagen and fat tissue relative to myocytes than the left atrium. Local fractionated electrograms occurred in both the distal and proximal PVs, but a large local activation (&gt;0.75 mV) was more often present in the proximal PV than in the distal PV (86 vs. 50% of electrograms, respectively, p = 0.017). Atrial arrhythmias (run of premature atrial complexes) occurred more often following the premature stimulation in the proximal PV than in the distal PV (p = 0.004). The diastolic stimulation threshold was higher in the proximal PV than in the distal PV (0.7 [0.3] vs. 0.4 [0.2] mA, (median [interquartile range]), p = 0.004). The refractory period was shorter in the proximal PV than in the distal PV (170 [50] vs. 248 [52] ms, p &lt; 0.001). A linear relation existed between the gradient in refractoriness (distal-proximal) and atrial arrhythmia inducibility in the proximal PV.Conclusion: The structural and functional properties of the native atrial-PV junction differ from those of the distal PV. Atrial arrhythmias in the absence of arrhythmia-induced remodeling are caused by reentry in the atrial-PV junction. Ablative treatment of early paroxysmal AF, rather than complete isolation of focal arrhythmia, may be limited to inhibition of reentry.
Pre-exercise Carbohydrate Drink Adding Protein Improves Post-exercise Fatigue Recovery
Authors: Tan Albert Yi-Wey , Hamzah Sareena-Hanim , Huang Chih-Yang , Kuo Chia-Hua 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the requirement of protein in pre-exercise carbohydrate drinks for optimal endurance performance at high intensity and post-exercise fatigue recovery.Methods: Endurance performance at 85% V.⁢O2peak of young men (age 20 ± 0.9 years, V.⁢2peak 49.3 ± 0.3 L/min) was measured for two consecutive days using cycling time to exhaustion and total work exerted 2 h after three isocaloric supplementations: RICE (50 g, protein: 1.8 g), n = 7; SOY + RICE (50 g, protein: 4.8 g), n = 7; and WHEY + RICE (50 g, protein: 9.2 g), n = 7.Results: Endurance performance was similar for the three supplemented conditions. Nevertheless, maximal cycling time and total exerted work from Day 1 to Day 2 were improved in the WHEY + RICE (+21%, p = 0.05) and SOY-RICE (+16%, p = 0.10) supplemented conditions, not the RICE supplemented condition. Increases in plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) were observed 1 h after exercise regardless of supplemented conditions. Plasma creatine kinase remained unchanged after exercise for all three supplemented conditions. Increases in ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) after exercise were small and similar for the three supplemented conditions.Conclusion: Adding protein into carbohydrate drinks provides no immediate benefit in endurance performance and antioxidant capacity yet enhances fatigue recovery for the next day. Soy-containing carbohydrate drink, despite 50% less protein content, shows similar fatigue recovery efficacy to the whey protein-containing carbohydrate drink. These results suggest the importance of dietary nitrogen sources in fatigue recovery after exercise.
Remote Psychotherapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Experiences With the Transition and the Therapeutic Relationship. A Longitudinal Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Stefan Robert , Mantl Gerd , Höfner Claudia , Stammer Julia , Hochgerner Markus , Petersdorfer Kathrin 
Published: November 2021

Aims: Research conducted prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic indicates that remote psychotherapy is as effective as in-person treatment. At that time, it usually was the therapist’s individual choice to work remotely, whereas the pandemic pushed psychotherapists, including previous skeptics, to incorporate remote work methods into their routine due to limited face-to-face contact. There is little knowledge of the way therapists experienced this sudden and forced transition to remote psychotherapy as the only treatment option. The present study aims to assess psychotherapists’ experience and proficiency delivering remote psychotherapy as well as to investigate perceived changes in the psychotherapeutic relationship.Methods: An online survey was administered to psychotherapists of the Austrian Association for Group Therapy and Group Dynamics (ÖAGG). Three test periods (t) were set (t1: April, 2020 with N = 175; t2: May–June, 2020 with N = 177; t3: November–December, 2020 with N = 113). Research was conducted longitudinally using a mixed-methods research design.Results: While psychotherapists’ levels of experience with telephone-based psychotherapy remained similar across all test periods, they became slightly more experienced using video therapy over the test period observed. However, they continued to feel less experienced compared to the use of telephone-based psychotherapy. The therapeutic relationship appeared to improve over the course of the first two test periods, while the third period showed a slight decline. No general deterioration of the psychotherapeutic relationship was found in the timespan studied.Conclusion: Despite many challenges and concerns, psychotherapists seem to adapt and enhance their skills in remote psychotherapy over time. The present paper confirms and enhances previous findings in the field due to its longitudinal approach. Remote psychotherapy can be a credible and trustworthy alternative to in-person treatment to be adopted and implemented on principle by a majority of psychotherapists regardless of their orientation. Furthermore, it sheds light on chances, problems und general observations regarding the comprehensive provision of remote psychotherapy in a pandemic situation.
Does Exposure to General Anesthesia Increase Risk of ADHD for Children Before Age of Three?
Authors: Song Junjie , Li Huifang , Wang Ying , Niu Chenguang 
Published: November 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship between frequency of exposure to general anesthesia before the age of 3 and subsequent risk of diagnosis for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Method: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library database for eligible inclusion in the meta-analysis. The indicated outcomes were extracted from the included studies, and the combined effects were calculated using the RevMan software 5.3.Results: Compared with no exposure to general anesthesia, single exposure to general anesthesia did not increase the risk of ADHD for children before the age of 3 [hazard ratio (HR): 1.14, 95%; confidence intervals (CI): 0.97–1.35; p = 0.11; I2 = 0%], while multiple exposures to general anesthesia did increase the risk of ADHD (HR: 1.83; 95% CIs: 1.00–3.32; p = 0.05; I2 = 81%).Conclusion: Multiple, but not single, exposures to general anesthesia in children before age of 3 increased the risk of ADHD.