bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome analysis of ciliary-dependent MCH signaling in differentiating 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes
Authors: Cook Laurie B. , Ophardt Henry D. , Shen Rongkun , Pratt Bryan H. , Galbier Lucas A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAn understanding of adipocyte responsiveness to G-protein-coupled receptor-(GPCR) derived signals must take into consideration the role of membrane microenvironments; that individual sub-populations of proteins may vary significantly across different regions of the cell, and that cell differentiation alters those microenvironments. 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes undergo a dramatic phenotypic transformation during differentiation into adipocytes, requiring the development of a transient primary cilium. We demonstrate that melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) receptor 1, a GPCR that stimulates appetite, translocates to the transient primary cilium during early 3T3-L1 cell adipogenesis. Furthermore, we used RNA-Seq to investigate whether MCH signaling is influenced by its receptor localization and whether MCH can influence the transcriptome of early adipocyte development. We found that MCH signaling is sensitive to receptor localization to cilia, and this alters the adipogenic transcriptional program. Also, novel MCH signaling pathways in 3T3-L1 cells are identified, including those for circadian rhythm, the inflammatory response, and ciliary biogenesis. The presence of active MCH-signaling pathways in pre-adipocytes and the discovery that these pathways intersect with the early adipogenic program, among other newly-identified signaling pathways, suggests that the use of MCH receptor 1 antagonists for clinical interventions may have unintended consequences on adipose tissue development.
Sex differences in the prognosis of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kim Minkwan , Kim Bongsung , Choi You-Jung , Lee Hyun-Jung , Lee Heesun , Park Jun-Bean , Lee Seung-Pyo , Han Kyung-Do , Kim Yong-Jin , Kim Hyung-Kwan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe investigated sex-related differences in the prognosis of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) using the Korea National Health Insurance Service database. From 2010 to 2016, 9524 patients diagnosed with HCM and had more than 1-year follow-up period were analyzed. The primary endpoint was the composite of cardiovascular death or new-onset heart failure (HF) admission. Propensity score-matching analysis was performed to adjust for different baseline characteristics. With a 4.4-years’ median follow-up interval (range 2.0–6.6 years) and male predominance (77.6%), women with HCM were older (52.6 ± 9.7 vs. 51.4 ± 9.1, p < 0.001), had lower incomes, more comorbidities based on Charlson comorbidity index. Women with HCM had a higher incidence of the primary endpoint than men (incidence rate: 34.15 vs. 22.83 per 1000 person-years, log-rank p < 0.001). Multivariable Cox analysis showed that female sex was a poor prognostic factor for the primary endpoint (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.24–1.64, p < 0.001). This was mainly driven by a higher incidence of new-onset HF admission (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.34–1.80). However, there was no difference in the incidence of cardiovascular death between the sexes. This result was concordant in the propensity score-matched cohort. In conclusion, women with HCM have worse prognosis, which was mainly driven by a higher new-onset HF admission.
Das Gift der Eibe: eine ungewöhnliche Ursache der akuten Herzinsuffizienz
Authors: Haring B. , Weismann D. 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese Eine 45-jährige Patientin wurde nach suizidaler Taxin-Intoxikation heimatnah stationär aufgenommen. Im Rahmen der Erstversorgung wurde sie intubiert und bei hämodynamisch relevanten bradykarden Rhythmusstörungen mehrfach reanimiert. Vor Verlegung in unser Zentrum erfolgten noch eine Gastroskopie, die Anlage eines passageren Schrittmachers, die Gabe von Natriumbikarbonat sowie die Gabe von Digitalis-Fab.
Untersuchungen und Diagnose Bei Übernahme war die Patientin tief sediert, intubiert, kontrolliert beatmet und hoch Katecholamin-pflichtig. Der körperliche Untersuchungsbefund und eine Röntgen-Thorax-Untersuchung waren unauffällig. Im Aufnahme-EKG fanden sich breite Kammerkomplexe. Echokardiografisch hatte die Patientin normal große Herzhöhlen mit global hochgradig reduzierter Funktion ohne Nachweis höhergradiger Klappenvitien.
Therapie und Verlauf Bei AV-Block Grad III und hochgradig eingeschränkter kardialer Funktion war die Therapie mit einer passageren Schrittmacheranlage allein nicht ausreichend, und es wurde zusätzlich mit Katecholaminen sowohl der Blutdruck stabilisiert wie auch positiv inotrop behandelt. Nach Verlegung kam es wiederholt zu ventrikulären Tachykardien, welche unter Amiodaron-Gaben sistierten. Nach 48-stündiger supportiver Therapie normalisierte sich die Herzfunktion. Die komplikationslose Extubation der Patientin war im Verlauf möglich und die Patientin konnte in eine psychiatrische Klinik zur weiteren Behandlung verlegt werden.
Folgerung Taxin-Intoxikationen sind insbesondere kardiotoxisch. Die passagere Schrittmachertherapie trug zu einer Stabilisierung bei, eine Kreislaufunterstützung mit Katecholaminen war dennoch erforderlich. Wenn die genannten Maßnahmen nicht ausreichen, sollte eine Unterstützung durch eine extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung erwogen werden.
Assessment of Memory among Traumatic Brain Injury Patients during Follow-Up at a Tertiary Health Care Facility in Rural Setting
Authors: Singh Anamika , Kumar Raj , Ansari Ahmad , Singh Naresh Pal , Singh Amit Kant 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Head injury is an important public health problem nowadays. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results from external force that leads to damage to brain tissue. Main causes of TBI are motor vehicle collisions and fall from height. One of the primary symptoms after TBI is impaired word retrieval. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess memory impairment in TBI patients following treatment to asses a residual memory status to declare them apt for official works if improved enough.
Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess memory impairment in TBI patients to assess the residual memory status following treatment.
Materials and Methods The study was conducted in Outpatient Department (OPD) of Neurosurgery, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh. The TBI patients were assessed by predesigned memory assessment questionnaire during their follow-up following discharge from hospital.
Results A total of 65 patients with TBI were assessed, of which 21 (32.3%) cases had frontal lobe injuries with 9 of 21 having memory loss (42.9% cases). The temporoparietal lobe was affected in 10 (15.4%) cases out of which 5 developed memory loss, that is, 50% cases. The multiple lobes were involved in 24 (36.9%) cases, out of which memory impairment occurred in 9 cases, that is, 37.5%. Four of total five cases (80%) of diffuse axonal injury had memory loss. Further, 16.9% (n = 11) TBI patients were unable to perform digit span test (immediate memory test), 44.6% (n = 29) cases could not perform three-word recall at 5 minutes (short-term memory test), and 15.4% (n = 10) cases could not perform (long-term memory test).
Conclusion The study showed that memory assessment is required in TBI patients for instituting proper rehabilitation measures and to allow them for sensitive memory-related work following discharge from hospital.
Facial Nerve Function Outcome and Risk Factors in Resection of Large Cystic Vestibular Schwannomas
Authors: Stastna Daniela , Mannion Richard , Axon Patrick , Moffat David Andrew , Donnelly Neil , Tysome James R. , Hardy David G. , Bance Mahonar , Joannides Alexis , Lawes Indu , Macfarlane Robert 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective Cystic vestibular schwannomas (VS) in contrast to solid VS tend to have accelerated growth, larger volume, rapid/atypical presentation, lobulated/adherent surface, and unpredictable course of the cranial nerves. Cystic VS are surgically challenging, with worse clinical outcomes and higher rate of subtotal resection (STR).
Methods We retrospectively analyzed postoperative outcomes of 125 patients with cystic VS, operated between years 2005 and 2019 in our center. We confronted the extent of the resection and House-Brackmann (HB) grade of facial palsy with the results of comparable cohort of patients with solid VS operated in our center and literature review by Thakur et al.1

Results Translabyrinthine approach was preferred for resection of large, cystic VS (97.6%). Gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved in 78 patients (62.4%), near-total resection (NTR) with remnant (<4 × 4 × 2 mm) in 43 patients (34.4%), and STR in 4 patients (3.2%). NTR/STR were significantly associated with higher age, tumor volume >5 cm3, retrosigmoid approach, high-riding jugular bulb, tumor adherence to the brain stem, and facial nerve (p = 0.016; 0.003; 0.005; 0.025; 0.001; and <0.00001, respectively).One year after the surgery, 76% of patients had HB grades 1 to 2, 16% had HB grades 3 to 4, and 8% had HB grades 5 to 6 palsy. Worse outcome (HB grades 3 to 6) was associated with preoperative facial palsy, tumor volume >25 cm3, and cyst over the brain stem (p = 0.045; 0.014; and 0.05, respectively). Comparable solid VS operated in our center had significantly higher HB grades 1 to 2 rate than our cystic VS (94% versus 76%; p = 0.03). Comparing our results with literature review, our HB grades 1 to 2 rate was significantly higher (76% versus 39%; p = 0.0001). Tumor control rate 5 years after surgery was 95.8%.
Conclusion Our study confirmed that microsurgery of cystic VS has worse outcomes of facial nerve preservation and extent of resection compared with solid VS. Greater attention should be paid to the above-mentioned risk factors.
HIV-1 cores retain their integrity until minutes before uncoating in the nucleus
Authors: Li Chenglei , Burdick Ryan C. , Nagashima Kunio , Hu Wei-Shau , Pathak Vinay K. 
Published: March 2021

Significance
Here, we used a fluorescent protein that is free in solution and is trapped in nuclear HIV-1 capsids to demonstrate that the capsids retain integrity and prevent mixing of macromolecules within the viral core and the cellular environment until just before integration. We also found that capsid integrity is maintained until just minutes before disassembly in the nucleus, revealing that uncoating proceeds rapidly after integrity loss. These valuable insights into the early stage of HIV-1 replication indicate that intact HIV-1 capsids are imported through nuclear pores, that reverse transcription is mostly completed within intact capsids, and that preintegration complex-host interactions facilitating integration and target site selection must occur within a short time frame between capsid disassembly and integration.
“It’s of no value compared to your value”
Authors: Saadati Soodeh , Vefalı Gülşen Musayeva 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the present study, we attempt to develop EFL learners’ metapragmatic awareness of English compliments, which still remains an under-researched issue. Initially, we conducted a cross-sectional survey with intermediate-level Iranian EFL learners, Persian and British English native speakers. Although the analysis of the language learners’ realization of compliments and responses to compliments seemed to indicate that their pragmatic development was overall adequate, it also suggested the influence of the native socio-pragmatic schema on their pragmatic performance. We therefore undertook a pragmatic instruction aimed at developing the EFL learners’ metapragmatic awareness of complimenting. The results suggested that through discussion, analysis, small-scale research, and reflections on the native and target pragmalinguistic and socio-pragmatic complimenting conventions the learners were developing metapragmatic awareness. Finally, we make recommendations for more effective pragmatic teaching in EFL contexts.
Boron nitride whisker @ graphene nanohybrid-filled epoxy composites with high thermal conductivities and low dielectric losses
Authors: Gao Zhifang , Li Lianyue 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate boron nitride whisker @ graphene (BN@GE) nanohybrids with a unique morphology as a thermally conductive filler for improving the thermal conductivity of a polymer matrix. In this structure, GE sheets were applied to insulating hexagonal boron nitride (BN) whiskers via a simplified method to ensure the sheets were well separated when used in epoxy composites. The addition of GE to produce the BN@GE hybrids was found to reduce the length of the BN whiskers. In addition, separation of the sheets enhanced the three-dimensional thermally conductive networks within the composite, which improved the thermal conductivity and significantly enhanced the dielectric constant. Furthermore, the implanted insulating network of BN inhibited the charge carrier mobility on the well-separated sheets via GE fixation on the BN whiskers, and resulted in a low dielectric loss. As a result, the epoxy composite containing 40 wt% BN@GE-15 hybrid filler exhibited a thermal conductivity, dielectric constant, and ultra-low dielectric loss of 1.26 W m−1 K−1, 12.7, and 0.0051, respectively. We expect this uniquely structured hybrid filler will be suitable for the fabrication of thermal interface materials with high thermal conductivities and low dielectric losses.
Electron-beam evaporated bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) thin films and characterization
Authors: Mijiti Abuduwaili , Mamat Mamatrishat , Xiaerding Fuerkaiti , Wang Qing , Abudurexiti Abuduresuli , Aihaiti Litipu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films made by the electron beam evaporator are systematically investigated. As the most difficult part of this work, the preparation process is repeated until the optimal deposition power and elemental composition of BFO are obtained. With the help of X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, we specify precisely that the sample annealed at the temperature of 650 °C is the purest BFO phase with rhombohedral R3c structure. The Scanning Electron Microscopy images provide the surface morphology and cross-sectional thickness of each sample for the further performance analysis. With the aim of understanding the changes in the chemical bond structure of BFO samples at the different annealing temperatures, we applied X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and the result indicates that the absorption of oxygen is increasing with the raising of the annealing temperature. Finally, we measured the magnetic property and resistivity of BFO samples to explore their applications. The saturation magnetization measurement shows the correlation between the magnetization of BFO and microstructures such as phase structure, grain size. Meanwhile, the electronic resistivity explains the close relationship between the resistivity and surface morphology.
DeepViral: prediction of novel virus–host interactions from protein sequences and infectious disease phenotypes
Authors: Liu-Wei Wang , Kafkas Şenay , Chen Jun , Dimonaco Nicholas J. , Tegnér Jesper , Hoehndorf Robert 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Infectious diseases caused by novel viruses have become a major public health concern. Rapid identification of virus–host interactions can reveal mechanistic insights into infectious diseases and shed light on potential treatments. Current computational prediction methods for novel viruses are based mainly on protein sequences. However, it is not clear to what extent other important features, such as the symptoms caused by the viruses, could contribute to a predictor. Disease phenotypes (i.e. signs and symptoms) are readily accessible from clinical diagnosis and we hypothesize that they may act as a potential proxy and an additional source of information for the underlying molecular interactions between the pathogens and hosts.

Results
We developed DeepViral, a deep learning based method that predicts protein–protein interactions (PPI) between humans and viruses. Motivated by the potential utility of infectious disease phenotypes, we first embedded human proteins and viruses in a shared space using their associated phenotypes and functions, supported by formalized background knowledge from biomedical ontologies. By jointly learning from protein sequences and phenotype features, DeepViral significantly improves over existing sequence-based methods for intra- and inter-species PPI prediction.

Availability and implementation
Code and datasets for reproduction and customization are available at https://github.com/bio-ontology-research-group/DeepViral. Prediction results for 14 virus families are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4429824.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Reliable planning of isolated Building Integrated Photovoltaic systems
Authors: Elazab Rasha , Eid Janet , Amin Amr 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, two probabilistic reliability indices are presented to define the effect of clouds on different types of Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. Existing indices do not match the main features of photovoltaic (PV) sources, such as variability, uncertainty and dependency on weather conditions. In addition, they are time indicators that describe the percentage of total failure time per year without any indication about power or energy mismatch. By using the available Geographic Information System solar-irradiation database, the proposed indices consider a similar pattern of expected daily solar irradiation as a model of PV systems. Two different models are studied for diverse building loads: an energy model for flexible loads and a constant-power model for critical loads. A comparative study is implemented for six different locations: Cairo, London, Berlin, Beijing, Madrid and Riyadh. Moreover, three types of BIPV systems are studied: fixed, double-axis-tracking and concentrated PV systems. The presented results show the effects of clouds, PV type and locations on the system performance.
Revolutions, real contradictions, and the method of resolving them: The relationship between the Court of Justice of the European Union and the German Federal Constitutional Court
Authors: Haltern Ulrich 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The German Federal Constitutional Court’s (FCC) PSPP ruling has met with criticism of unprecedented fierceness: its doctrine, its politics, and its authors have been attacked and ridiculed. While I agree that the ruling has its weaknesses, I also believe that many reactions to it, including the commentary by Basedow et al., are flawed. They frame the PSPP ruling as an abrupt break in time―a revolutionary narrative of old and new, with the decision splitting history into before and after. This frame alters the meaning of what happened. It throws the FCC alone into the spotlight, keeps other actors and narratives connected with them in the shadow, places a huge burden of legitimacy on the FCC, and makes the ruling appear not merely as bad law, but as a political action in the guise of law. I argue that none of this does justice to the ruling or to the politics behind it. This begs the deeper question of why the ruling has elicited such Mosaic wrath. My answer is that courts read “their” political communities rather than merely legal texts―they link law to imaginations of self-government and popular sovereignty. In this social practice, the FCC operates at the thicker end of constitutionalism, with a surplus of authority, legitimacy, and, ultimately, political identity, as compared to the Court of Justice of the European Union, which labors at the thinner end of constitutionalism and must view the FCC, like many commentators do, as an idolater. This, rather than doctrine or politics, is where the “real contradiction” lies. There is no resolving this contradiction through law or institution-building. But the preliminary ruling procedure under Art. 267 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union does provide a form for it to move around and resolve itself.
A pulmonary mucus surrogate for investigating antibiotic permeation and activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms
Authors: Frisch Sarah , Boese Annette , Huck Benedikt , Horstmann Justus C , Ho Duy-Khiet , Schwarzkopf Konrad , Murgia Xabier , Loretz Brigitta , de Souza Carvalho-Wodarz Cristiane , Lehr Claus-Michael 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Pulmonary infections associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be life-threatening for patients suffering from chronic lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis. In this scenario, the formation of biofilms embedded in a mucus layer can limit the permeation and the activity of anti-infectives.

Objectives
Native human pulmonary mucus can be isolated from endotracheal tubes, but this source is limited for large-scale testing. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate a modified artificial sputum medium (ASMmod) with mucus-like viscoelastic properties as a surrogate for testing anti-infectives against P. aeruginosa biofilms.

Methods
Bacterial growth in conventional broth cultures was compared with that in ASMmod, and PAO1-GFP biofilms were imaged by confocal microscopy. Transport kinetics of three antibiotics, tobramycin, colistin, and ciprofloxacin, through native mucus and ASMmod were studied, and their activity against PAO1 biofilms grown in different media was assessed by determination of metabolic activity and cfu.

Results
PAO1(-GFP) cultured in human pulmonary mucus or ASMmod showed similarities in bacterial growth and biofilm morphology. A limited permeation of antibiotics through ASMmod was observed, indicating its strong barrier properties, which are comparable to those of native human mucus. Reduced susceptibility of PAO1 biofilms was observed in ASMmod compared with LB medium for tobramycin and colistin, but less for ciprofloxacin.

Conclusions
These findings underline the importance of mucus as a biological barrier to antibiotics. ASMmod appears to be a valuable surrogate for studying mucus permeation of anti-infectives and their efficacy against PAO1 biofilms.
Transitional Care of Service Members With Genitourinary Injury
Authors: Villareal Humberto , Al-Bayati Sam , Wang Chen-Pin , Pugh Mary Jo , Liss Michael A 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
To improve urotrauma care by describing veterans’ current demographics and needs assessment during transitional care to the Veteran Health Administration (VHA) system.

Methods
We utilized our previously identified cohorts obtained from the DoD Trauma Registry data for male service members injured in theater linked with VHA electronic health records. We included veterans who received care at VHA at least once from October 2001 through September 2011 for chart review. We investigate demographics, opportunities for care, combat-related trauma, disability, and associated mental health or urologic conditions specifically at the initial encounter with a VHA healthcare provider.

Results
We queried 580 veterans’ records in VHA from the linked databases. We idenfied that 141 (24.4%) veterans received addional care outside VHA and 17.1% (n = 99) of charts had insufficient data for injury validation. Reference to the urotrauma was mentioned in 72% of VHA initial visits (n = 416/580). The most common urotrauma occurred to the lower/external genitourinary injury (298, 51%). Of all the veterans identified with genitourinary trauma, approximately 28% (n = 160) were referred for urologic consultation, but only 14% were related to the original urotrauma. Ninety percent (522/580) of service members with urotrauma also had a mental health diagnosis, largely post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD, 70.8%).

Conclusions
The majority of men with urotrauma did have contact with VHA, yet there is no systematic approach to baseline assessment or long-term care strategy. However, only a small proportion of DoD-documented urotrauma requires ongoing care. We identified that coordinating care with mental health pathways (PTSD/traumatic brain injury) may be an opportunity to evaluate the long-term effects of urotrauma.