bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives of parents of working adolescents in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Shankar Viswanathan , Runyan Carol W. , Harpin Scott B. , Lewko John 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
More than half of adolescents have jobs in summer or sometime during the year. While employers are ultimately responsible for their safety, parents are often important in helping their children navigate the work environment. Our study examines the attitudes, beliefs and types of involvement parents have in their children’s work.

Methods
We modeled a telephone survey of 507 English-speaking parents of working adolescents in Ontario, Canada on a US study and examined their perspectives, comparing to earlier findings from the U.S. parents.

Results
Most Ontario parents helped their teens consider questions to ask about work, for example, work hours (90.7%) and job tasks (78.2%) and fewer about workplace safety (57.9%). Parents overall were concerned about their teens, especially younger teens, getting behind on schoolwork (69.3%), being rushed on the job (60.1%) and doing hazardous tasks (58.3%) or working alone (51.9%), or being at work during a robbery (74.5%). Parents of 14–17-year-old daughters were more concerned about their child being assaulted than were parents of sons (62.4% vs. 51.4%), particularly if the teen was in the 18–19 age group (74.3% vs. 52.5%). Half the parents indicated 10–19 h per week was the right amount of work time for their teen, and most agreed that laws should limit the number of hours of youth work.

Conclusions
Overall, Ontario parents appear to be more concerned about the safety and also more involved in the work of their adolescent children than U.S. parents previously surveyed. Parents are engaged with their children about their work and may serve as valuable assets to helping to advocate for safe work policies and environments.
Comparing two interdisciplinary occupational rehabilitation programs for employees on sick leave: a mixed-method design study protocol
Authors: Eftedal Monica , Tveito Torill H. , Gensby Ulrik , Islam M. Kamrul , Lie Stein Atle , Aasland Gro , Kostveit Svein , Jensen Chris 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and common mental disorders (CMDs) are the most frequent reasons for long-term sick leave and work disability. Occupational rehabilitation programs are used to help employees return to work (RTW). However, knowledge regarding the effect of these programs is scarce, and even less is known about which programs are best suited for which patients. This study aims to compare the RTW results of two interdisciplinary occupational rehabilitation programs in Norway, as well as to examine the delivery and reception of the two programs and explore the active mechanisms of the participants’ RTW processes.

Methods/design
We will use a mixed-method convergent design to study the main outcome. Approximately 600 participants will be included in the study. Eligible study participants will be aged 18–60 years old and have been on sick leave due to MSDs, CMDs, or both for at least 6 weeks. Interdisciplinary teams at both participating clinics will deliver complex occupational rehabilitation programs. The inpatient rehabilitation program has a duration of 4 weeks and is full time. The outpatient program has a duration of 3 months and involves weekly sessions. The primary outcome is RTW. Secondary outcomes are differences in the incremental cost for an averted sick leave day, cost utility/benefit, and differences between the programs regarding improvements in known modifiable obstacles to RTW. Subgroup analyses are planned. The researchers will be blinded to the intervention groups when analyzing the quantitative RTW data.

Discussion
This study aims to provide new insights regarding occupational rehabilitation interventions, treatment targets, and outcomes for different subgroups of sick-listed employees and to inform discussions on the active working mechanisms of occupational rehabilitation and the influence of context in the return-to-work process.

Trial registration
Current controlled trials ISRCTN12033424, 15.10.2014, retrospectively registered.
Predicting the quality of life based on pain dimensions and psychiatric symptoms in patients with Painful diabetic neuropathy: a cross-sectional prevalence study in Iranian patients
Authors: Davoudi Mohammadreza , Rezaei Parnian , Rajaeiramsheh Fereshteh , Ahmadi Seyed Majid , Taheri Amir Abbas 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to predict the quality of life (QOL) in patients with Painful Diabetic Neuropathy (PDN) based on pain severity, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance. Also, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in Iranian patients with PDN.

Method
1120 patients (mean age, 53.6 ± 12.6 years) participated in the research. Data were collected by the Quality of life questionnaire (NeuroQoL); Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, the visual analog scale for pain severity, Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS-26 by multiple regression analysis.

Results
The results showed the regression models’ significance, and the dependent variables predicted 42% of total changes in the QOL. The most significant predicting factors were depression, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, pain severity, sleep disturbance, and anxiety in order. In patients with PDN, the prevalence of sleep disturbances, depression, and anxiety were 85.5%, 68.2%, and 62.1%, respectively. Also, comorbid depression and anxiety were found in 47% of patients.

Conclusion
Results demonstrated a significant relationship between pain-related and psychiatric dimensions with QOL. Thus, it is suggested to design more specific psychological-based rehabilitation interventions in which these variables are considered. They should focus on more significant variables (such as depression and pain catastrophizing) to reach better treatment outcomes. Furthermore, this research shows a high level of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance in Iranian patients with PDN. Thus, experts and clinicians are suggested to focus on reducing these psychiatric symptoms.
Exogenous bacterial DnaK increases protein kinases activity in human cancer cell lines
Authors: Benedetti Francesca , Curreli Sabrina , Gallo Robert C. , Zella Davide 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Studies of molecular mechanisms underlying tumor cell signaling highlighted a critical role for kinases in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. To this regard, protein kinases regulates a number of critical cellular pathways by adding phosphate groups to specific substrates. For this reason, their involvement in the complex interactions between the human microbiota and cancer cells to determine therapy and tumor progression outcome is becoming increasingly relevant. Mycoplasmas are components of the normal human microbiota, and several species have also been associated to human diseases, including certain cancers. It is also important to note that Mycoplasmas and their proteins are a component of the common tumor microenvironment. In addition, several epidemiological, in vivo and in vitro studies indicate a close involvement of Mycoplasmas in cellular transformation and cancer progression.

Methods
In this study, we investigate the effect of exogenous Mycoplasma DnaK on kinases activity by treating in vitro four different eukaryotic cancer cell lines, namely lung and prostate cancer, colon adenocarcinoma, and neuroblastoma. Phosphorylation of kinases and specific substrates was measured at 20 and 60 min.

Results
Kinome analysis of our data indicates that Mycoplasma DnaK promotes the dysregulation of the activity of specific kinases and their substrates, with a known involvement in carcinogenesis and cancer progression.

Conclusions
Given the similarity in structure and amino acid composition of this protein with other bacterial DnaKs we provide a novel mechanism whereby components of the human microbiota and present in the tumor microenvironment are able to deregulate phosphorylation events occurring during carcinogenesis and cancer progression.
Hookworm infection in infants: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Umbrello G. , Pinzani R. , Bandera A. , Formenti F. , Zavarise G. , Arghittu M. , Girelli D. , Maraschini A. , Muscatello A. , Marchisio P. , Bosis S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Hookworm infections (Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale) are common in rural areas of tropical and subtropical countries. Human acquisition results from direct percutaneous invasion of infective larvae from contaminated soil.
Overall, almost 472 million people in developing rural countries are infected. According to simulation models, hookworm disease has a global financial impact of over US$100 billion a year. Hookworm infection in newborn or infancy is rare, and most of the cases reported in literature are from endemic countries.
Here, we describe the case of an infant with an Ancylostoma duodenale infection and review the literature currently available on this topic.

Case presentation
An Italian 2-month-old infant presented with vomit and weight loss. Her blood exams showed anemia and eosinophilia and stool analysis resulted positive for hookworms’ eggs, identified as Ancylostoma duodenale with real time-PCR. Parasite research on parents’ stools resulted negative, and since the mother travelled to Vietnam and Thailand during pregnancy, we assumed a transplacental transmission of the infection. The patient was treated successfully with oral Mebendazole and discharged in good conditions.

Discussion
Hookworm helminthiasis is a major cause of morbidity in children in the tropics and subtropics, but rare in developed countries.
Despite most of the patients is usually asymptomatic, children are highly exposed to negative sequelae such as malnutrition, retarded growth and impaired cognitive development. In infants and newborns, the mechanism of infection remains unclear. Although infrequent, vertical transmission of larvae can occur through breastfeeding and transplacentally. Hookworm infection should be taken into account in children with abdominal symptoms and unexplained persistent eosinophilia. The treatment of infants infected by hookworm has potential benefit, but further studies are needed to define the best clinical management of these cases.
Alterations of RNA splicing patterns in esophagus squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ding Jiyu , Li Chunquan , Cheng Yinwei , Du Zepeng , Wang Qiuyu , Tang Zhidong , Song Chao , Xia Qiaoxi , Bai Wenjing , Lin Ling , Liu Wei , Xu Liyan , Li Enmin , Wu Bingli 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlternative splicing (AS) is an important biological process for regulating the expression of various isoforms from a single gene and thus to promote proteome diversity. In this study, RNA-seq data from 15 pairs of matched esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and normal tissue samples as well as two cell lines were analyzed. AS events with significant differences were identified between ESCC and matched normal tissues, which were re-annotated to find protein coding genes or non-coding RNAs. A total of 45,439 AS events were found. Of these, 6019 (13.25%) significant differentially AS events were identified. Exon skipping (SE) events occupied the largest proportion of abnormal splicing events. Fifteen differential splicing events with the same trends of ΔΨ values in ESCC tissues, as well in the two cell lines were found. Four pathways and 20 biological processes related to pro-metastasis cell junction and migration were significantly enriched for the differentially spliced genes. The upregulated splicing factor SF3B4, which regulates 92 gene splicing events, could be a potential prognostic factor of ESCC. Differentially spliced genes, including HNRNPC, VCL, ZNF207, KIAA1217, TPM1 and CALD1 are shown with a sashimi plot. These results suggest that cell junction- and migration-related biological processes are influenced by AS abnormalities, and aberrant splicing events can be affected by splicing factor expression changes. The involved splicing factor SF3B4 was found to be a survival-related gene in ESCC and is presumed to regulate AS in multiple cancers. In summary, we identified significant differentially expressed AS events which may be related to the development of ESCC.
Non-invasive ventilation alternating with high-flow nasal oxygen versus high-flow nasal oxygen alone after extubation in COPD patients: a post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Authors:   for the HIGH-WEAN Study Group, for the REVA Research Network, Thille Arnaud W. , Coudroy Rémi , Nay Mai-Anh , Gacouin Arnaud , Decavèle Maxens , Sonneville Romain , Beloncle François , Girault Christophe , Dangers Laurence , Lautrette Alexandre , Levrat Quentin , Rouzé Anahita , Vivier Emmanuel , Lascarrou Jean-Baptiste , Ricard Jean-Damien , Razazi Keyvan , Barberet Guillaume , Lebert Christine , Ehrmann Stephan , Massri Alexandre , Bourenne Jeremy , Pradel Gael , Bailly Pierre , Terzi Nicolas , Dellamonica Jean , Lacave Guillaume , Robert René , Ragot Stéphanie , Frat Jean-Pierre 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Several randomized clinical trials have shown that non-invasive ventilation (NIV) applied immediately after extubation may prevent reintubation in patients at high-risk of extubation failure. However, most of studies included patients with chronic respiratory disorders as well as patients without underlying respiratory disease. To date, no study has shown decreased risk of reintubation with prophylactic NIV after extubation among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesized that prophylactic NIV after extubation may decrease the risk of reintubation in COPD patients as compared with high-flow nasal oxygen. We performed a post hoc subgroup analysis of COPD patients included in a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial comparing prophylactic use of NIV alternating with high-flow nasal oxygen versus high-flow nasal oxygen alone immediately after extubation.

Results
Among the 651 patients included in the original study, 150 (23%) had underlying COPD including 86 patients treated with NIV alternating with high-flow nasal oxygen and 64 patients treated with high-flow nasal oxygen alone. The reintubation rate was 13% (11 out of 86 patients) with NIV and 27% (17 out of 64 patients) with high-flow nasal oxygen alone [difference, − 14% (95% CI − 27% to − 1%); p = 0.03]. Whereas reintubation rates were significantly lower with NIV than with high-flow nasal oxygen alone at 72 h and until ICU discharge, mortality in ICU did not differ between groups: 6% (5/86) with NIV vs. 9% (6/64) with high-flow nasal oxygen alone [difference − 4% (95% CI − 14% to 5%); p = 0.40].

Conclusions
In COPD patients, prophylactic NIV alternating with high-flow nasal oxygen significantly decreased the risk of reintubation compared with high-flow nasal oxygen alone.
Trial registration The study was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov with the trial registration number NCT03121482 (20 April 2017)
Effectiveness and harms of clinical decision support systems for referral within chronic pain practice: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zomahoun Hervé Tchala Vignon , Visca Regina , George Nicole , Ahmed Sara 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Chronic pain is a common public health problem with negative consequences for individuals and societies. Fortunately, interdisciplinary chronic pain management has been shown to be effective for improving patients’ outcomes and strongly recommended in clinical practice guidelines. Appropriate referral within the healthcare system based on individuals’ needs and available services is essential to optimise health-related outcomes and maximise resources. Clinical decision support systems have been shown to be effective for supporting healthcare professionals in different practices. However, there is no knowledge synthesis on clinical decision support systems for referral within chronic pain practice. We aim to identify the clinical decision support systems for referral within chronic pain practices and assess their content, effectiveness, harms, and validation parameters.

Methods
Using the methodology of Cochrane reviews, we will perform a systematic review and meta-analysis based on studies meeting the following criteria: Population, patients with chronic pain and/or healthcare professionals working in chronic pain; Intervention, clinical decision support systems for referral within chronic pain practice; Comparison, any other clinical tool, any usual care or practices; Outcomes, clinical outcomes of patients measuring how patients feel, function or survive including benefits, adverse effects, continuity of care, care appropriateness, care satisfaction, quality of life, healthcare professional performance, and cost outcomes; and Study design: randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, before and after controlled studies and interrupted time series. We will search relevant literature with the support of an information specialist using Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, CINHAL, Web of Science and Cochrane Library from their inception onwards. Two reviewers will independently complete study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment. We will analyse data to perform both narrative syntheses and meta-analysis if appropriate.

Discussion
Findings of this review will contribute to enhancing chronic pain care and research. Clinical decision support systems identified as effective in this review can be investigated for implementation in clinical practice and impact on improving patient, clinical and health system outcomes. Clinical decision support systems not yet ready for implementation that require further improvement will also be identified.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO registration: CRD42020158880.
“Pour Saulver Ladicte Parroisse”
Authors: Nelson Eric 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study examines how eighteen rural communities in the Touraine, Blésois, and Sologne navigated the treacherous waters of religious civil war. Drawing on over a hundred parish account books, it explores how communities engaged with the threats of war by gathering information, protecting the possessions of the parish church, and dealing with the demands of troops and the royal government. In many ways their experiences were similar to those of other communities across France—both urban and rural—as they relied on their own resources and relationships to mitigate the threats of armed confessional conflict. While these communities offer evidence of resilience and agency in the face of war, comparison with other rural communities that endured more sustained and intense warfare reminds us of the fragility of their resilience, which depended on factors outside their control.
Cette étude examine comment dix-huit communautés rurales en Touraine, Blésois et Sologne ont pu traverser la guerre civile religieuse. S'appuyant sur plus d'une centaine de comptes de procureurs fabriciers paroissiaux, elle analyse comment ces communautés s'affrontaient aux menaces de la guerre par le rassemblement des informations, la mise à l'abri des biens de l'église paroissiale, et le traitement de toute demande militaire ou royale. A bien des égards, leurs expériences reflétaient celles d'autres communautés—urbaines et rurales—en France, faisant appel à leurs propres ressources et relations pour atténuer les menaces de guerre. Quoique ces dix-huit communautés offrent des preuves de résilience et d'agentivité face à la guerre, la comparaison à d'autres communautés ayant subi des méthodes de guerre plus soutenues et plus intenses rappelle la fragilité de leur résilience qui dépendait de facteurs indépendants de leur volonté.
Design of a 3D printed, motorized, uniaxial cell stretcher for microscopic and biochemical analysis of mechanotransduction
Authors: Al-Maslamani Noor A. , Khilan Abdulghani A. , Horn Henning F. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Cells respond to mechanical cues from their environment through a process of mechanosensing and mechanotransduction. Cell stretching devices are important tools to study the molecular pathways responsible for cellular responses to mechanobiological processes. We describe the development and testing of a uniaxial cell stretcher that has applications for microscopic as well as biochemical analyses. By combining simple fabrication techniques with adjustable control parameters, the stretcher is designed to fit a variety of experimental needs. The stretcher can be used for static and cyclic stretching. As a proof of principle, we visualize stretch induced deformation of cell nuclei via incremental static stretch, and changes in IEX1 expression via cyclic stretching. This stretcher is easily modified to meet experimental needs, inexpensive to build, and should be readily accessible for most laboratories with access to 3D printing.
Unique histological features of the tail skin of cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) related to caudal autotomy
Authors: Hosotani Marina , Nakamura Teppei , Ichii Osamu , Irie Takao , Sunden Yuji , Elewa Yaser Hosny Ali , Watanabe Takafumi , Ueda Hiromi , Mishima Takashi , Kon Yasuhiro 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Caudal autotomy in rodents is an evolutionarily acquired phenomenon enabling escape from predators, by discarding the tail skin after traumatic injuries. The histological mechanisms underlying caudal autotomy seem to differ among species. Cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus), which are important laboratory rodents for human infectious diseases, possess a fragile tail. In this study, we compared the tail histology of cotton rats with that of laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus), which have no fragility on their tail, to elucidate the process of rodent caudal autotomy. First, the cotton rats developed a false autotomy characterized by loss of the tail sheath with the caudal vertebrae remaining without tail regeneration. Second, we found the fracture plane was continuous from the interscale of the tail epidermis to the dermis, which was lined with an alignment of E-cadherin+ cells. Third, we found an obvious cleavage plane between the dermis and subjacent tissues of the cotton-rat tail, where the subcutis was composed of looser, finer, and fragmented collagen fibers compared with those of the rat. Additionally, the cotton-rat tail was easily torn, with minimum bleeding. The median coccygeal artery of the cotton rat had a thick smooth muscle layer, and its lumen was filled with the peeled intima with fibrin coagulation, which might be associated with reduced bleeding following caudal autotomy. Taken together, we reveal the unique histological features of the tail relating to the caudal autotomy process in the cotton rat, and provide novel insights to help clarify the rodent caudal autotomy mechanism.