bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Soft Touch: Wearable Tactile Display of Softness Made of Electroactive Elastomers
Authors: Frediani Gabriele , Boys Hugh , Ghilardi Michele , Poslad Stefan , Busfield James J. C. , Carpi Federico 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFingertip‐mounted tactile displays of softness are needed for various virtual‐ or augmented‐reality applications such as surgical simulation, tele‐operation, computer‐aided design, 3D model exploration, and tele‐presence. Displaying a virtual softness on a fingertip requires the generation of quasi‐static large displacements at moderate forces (as opposed to high‐frequency small vibrations at high forces), via a deformable surface, to control both the contact area and the indentation depth of the skin. State‐of‐the‐art actuation technologies are unable to combine simple structure, low weight, and low size, as well as energy efficiency and silent operation. Here, the progress on the development of a non‐vibratory display of softness made of electroactive polymers is reported. It consists of a hydrostatically coupled dielectric elastomer actuator, shaped as a bubble interfaced to the fingertip, having a weight of 6 g. Prototypes can generate displacements up to 3.5 mm and forces up to 1 N. By combining this technology with a compact hand tracking sensor, a simple and cost‐effective virtual‐reality system is demonstrated. A psychophysical study engaging 15 volunteers in poke and pinch tactile tasks shows that users can properly distinguish between different stimuli rendered by the display, with an accuracy correlated to the perceptual difficulty of the tactile comparative task.
Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells: Toward Solid‐State and Platinum‐Free Photovoltaics
Authors: Fagiolari Lucia , Varaia Erica , Mariotti Nicole , Bonomo Matteo , Barolo Claudia , Bella Federico 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have become a strong reality in the field of hybrid photovoltaics. Their ability to operate in diffused light conditions and the possibility of fabrication of modules bearing different colors make these cells attractive for different applications, for example, wearable electronics, building integration, etc. This review focuses on one of the compounds rather often studied for DSSCs, namely, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). It has been introduced both as a substitute for liquid electrolytes, in order to facilitate cells fabrication and increase their durability, and as an alternative to platinum for counter electrodes. The literature counts many studies on PEDOT and this manuscript collects them following a classification criterion based on applications, functionalization/doping strategies, and deposition methods. In addition to comparing the performance obtained for PEDOT‐based systems with those of traditional cells (i.e., assembled with liquid iodine‐based electrolytes and platinum cathodes), the manuscript also offers a brief analysis of costs and sustainability aspects, built up on experimental data found in the literature; this latter is expected to constitute a precious resource to catalyze the attention of the scientific community on relevant and preliminary aspects when figuring out the industrial scalability of newly proposed cell components.
Merging Biology and Photovoltaics: How Nature Helps Sun‐Catching
Authors: Cavinato Luca M. , Fresta Elisa , Ferrara Sara , Costa Rubén D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAccomplishing sustainability in optoelectronics, in general, and photovoltaics (PV), in particular, represents a crucial milestone in green photonics. Third generation PV technologies, such as organic solar cells (OSCs), perovskite solar cells (PSCs), and dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have reached a mature age and are slowly making their way in the market as complementary devices to the first generation solar cells. For example, they are well suited for high‐end smart applications, like flexible and wearable devices, fully transparent solar cells and windows, and biocompatible devices for medical applications. In this context, major efforts have been conducted to realize easy‐to‐do and low‐cost recycling devices without losing performance level. This has fueled a strong cooperation between engineering, biology, chemistry, and physics fields to discover new strategies for cost‐effectiveness preparation and implementation of bio‐derived materials in highly performing PVs. The recent efforts of these groups are honored here, providing a general overview on bio‐derived materials suitable for PV applications as well as an in‐depth revision of the most relevant and recent advances obtained by merging biology and third generation PV technologies.
Investigating the normalization and normative views of gestational weight gain: Balancing recommendations with the promotion and support of healthy pregnancy diets
Authors: Moffat Tina , McKerracher Luseadra , Oresnik Sarah , Atkinson Stephanie A. , Barker Mary , McDonald Sarah D. , Murray‐Davis Beth , Sloboda Deborah M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesGestational weight gain (GWG) is increasingly monitored in the United States and Canada. While promoting healthy GWG offers benefits, there may be costs with over‐surveillance. We aimed to explore these costs/benefits.MethodsQuantitative data from 350 pregnant survey respondents and qualitative focus group data from 43 pregnant/post‐partum and care‐provider participants were collected in the Mothers to Babies (M2B) study in Hamilton, Canada. We report descriptive statistics and discussion themes on GWG trajectories, advice, knowledge, perceptions, and pregnancy diet. Relationships between GWG monitoring/normalization and worry, knowledge, diet quality, and sociodemographics—namely low‐income and racialization—were assessed using χ2tests and a linear regression model and contextualized with focus group data.ResultsMost survey respondents reported GWG outside recommended ranges but rejected the mid‐20th century cultural norm of “eating for two”; many worried about gaining excessively. Conversely, respondents living in very low‐income households were more likely to be gaining less than recommended GWG and to worry about gaining too little. A majority had received advice about GWG, yet half were unable to identify the range recommended for their prepregnancy BMI. This proportion was even lower for racialized respondents. Pregnancy diet quality was associated with household income, but not with receipt or understanding of GWG guidance. Care‐providers encouraged normalized GWG, while worrying about the consequences of pathologizing “abnormal” GWG.ConclusionsTranslation of GWG recommendations should be done with a critical understanding of GWG biological normalcy. Supportive GWG monitoring and counseling should consider clinical, socioeconomic, and community contexts.
A natural history of Chlorocebus dryas from camera traps in Lomami National Park and its buffer zone, Democratic Republic of the Congo, with notes on the species status of Cercopithecus salongo
Authors: Alempijevic Daniel , Boliabo Ephrem M. , Coates Kathryn F. , Hart Terese B. , Hart John A. , Detwiler Kate M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe natural history and taxonomic status of two central African primates, Cercopithecus dryas and Cercopithecus salongo have long been in question. Recent studies confirmed that C. dryas is a basal member of the savanna monkey clade, and that it prefers dense undergrowth in lowland rainforest. While these studies advanced our knowledge of this enigmatic species, key aspects of its natural history remain poorly documented. Furthermore, the lack of a field study that documents pelage patterns of both sexes and different age classes of C. dryas has led to a disagreement over the validity of C. salongo as a sister taxon to C. dryas. Using the results of two multi‐strata camera trap surveys in Lomami National Park (Democratic Republic of the Congo) and its buffer zone, we conducted a third survey in the understory of degraded forest to accumulate videos of C. dryas/salongo. We used these videos to test the hypothesis that C. dryas and C. salongo are synonymous, and to assess the species' group composition, density, behavior and vocalizations. Camera traps revealed an ontogenetic change in pelage pattern that supports the view that C. salongo is the adult of C. dryas. Videos revealed that adult males develop a blue perineum and scrotum, and a red subcaudal patch, similar to other savanna monkeys. We provide a preliminary assessment of C. dryas' group composition, density, behavior, and vocalizations. This long‐overlooked monkey is an exceptional member of the Chlorocebus clade, and all aspects of its biology require further investigation.
New developments in drone‐based automated surface survey: Towards a functional and effective survey system
Authors: Orengo Hector A. , Garcia‐Molsosa Arnau , Berganzo‐Besga Iban , Landauer Juergen , Aliende Paloma , Tres‐Martínez Sergi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper presents new developments on drone‐based automated survey for the detection of individual items or fragments of material culture visible on the ground surface. Since the publication of our original proof of concept, awarded with the Journal of Archaeological Science and Society for Archaeological Sciences Emerging Investigator Award 2019, additional funding has allowed us to implement a series of improvements to the method. These aim to improve detection capabilities and the extraction of items' shapes and increase flight autonomy, control, area covered per flight and the type of environments in which the method can be applied while reducing computing needs, processing time and expertise necessary for its application. This paper provides an account of the methods followed to achieve these objectives, their preliminary results and the current development for their implementation into a free and open‐source system that can be used by the archaeological community at large.
Forgotten Botany: The Politics of Knowledge within the Royal Botanical Garden of New Spain**
Authors: Toledano Anna 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSpanish naturalists established the Viceregal Botanical Garden of New Spain in Mexico City in 1788 to advance agriculture, manufacturing, and medicine. This colonial institution also served the ideological role of cultivating agents of empire. Rather than establish the garden in the already robust tradition of American botany, the Spanish appropriated this space, employing Creole students and servant workers to Europeanize local botanical knowledge through taxonomic colonialism. The different agendas at work in the botanical garden, which straddled the colonial and revolutionary periods in Mexico, destabilized not only this institution, but also the empire itself from the ground up. That the contributions of the agents of the garden have been forgotten is evidence of the fragility and failure of a European institution in the American colonial state.
N6‐methyladenosine Steers RNA Metabolism and Regulation in Cancer
Authors: Dong Shenghua , Wu Yutong , Liu Yadi , Weng Hengyou , Huang Huilin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAs one of the most studied ribonucleic acid (RNA) modifications in eukaryotes, N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) has been shown to play a predominant role in controlling gene expression and influence physiological and pathological processes such as oncogenesis and tumor progression. Writer and eraser proteins, acting opposite to deposit and remove m6A epigenetic marks, respectively, shape the cellular m6A landscape, while reader proteins preferentially recognize m6A modifications and mediate fate decision of the methylated RNAs, including RNA synthesis, splicing, exportation, translation, and stability. Therefore, RNA metabolism in cells is greatly influenced by these three classes of m6A regulators. Aberrant expression of m6A regulators has been widely reported in various types of cancer, leading to cancer initiation, progression, and drug resistance. The close links between m6A and cancer shed light on the potential use of m6A methylation and its regulators as prognostic biomarkers and drug targets for cancer therapy. Given the notable effects of m6A in reversing chemoresistance and enhancing immune therapy, it is a promising target for combined therapy. Herein, we summarize the recent discoveries on m6A and its regulators, emphasizing their influences on RNA metabolism, their dysregulation and impacts in diverse malignancies, and discuss the clinical implications of m6A modification in cancer.
Tuberculosis with Evans syndrome: A case report
Authors: Gyawali Sagar , Joshi Utsav , Kharel Zeni , Khanal Shambhu , Shrestha Anjan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEvans syndrome and tuberculosis could be predisposing factors for one another, or there may be a common pathophysiological denominator for the co‐occurrence. Further research is needed for a better understanding of pathophysiology and treatment.
A brother and sister with the same karyotype: Case report of two siblings with partial 3p duplication and partial 9p deletion and sex reversal
Authors: Cordes Selby Susan , Iwata‐Otsubo Aiko , Delk Paula , Nebesio Todd D. , Gohil Anisha , Matlock Peggy , Torres‐Martinez Wilfredo , Vance Gail H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTwo siblings with the same male unbalanced karyotype demonstrate sex reversal. The older sib appeared phenotypically female and the younger sib demonstrated a male gender. The female had gonadal dysgenesis with bilateral ovatestes. The male had bilateral testes. The report discusses the phenotypical differences and genes associated with sex reversal.
Surgical repair of a giant congenital left atrial aneurysm presenting with respiratory distress in a neonate
Authors: Al‐Dairy Alwaleed , Aljasem Hazem , Srour Samir 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe presentation of congenital left atrial aneurysm is extremely rare in neonates. The neonate may suffer from severe respiratory distress symptoms, and by then, early surgical management is lifesaving.
Absorption of Sulfur Dioxide by Iron(II) Hydroxide Solution in a Multiplate Bubble Column under Magnetic Field
Authors: Yörük Özgü , Zıraman Duygu Uysal , Uysal Bekir Zühtü 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this work, the utilization of iron(II) hydroxide (Fe(OH)2) slurry as the absorbent in wet flue gas desulfurization was investigated. The most important reason for selecting Fe(OH)2 is that iron sulfate, formed by captured sulfur dioxide, can be converted back to Fe(OH)2. First, in the experiments, a bubble column was used with continuous gas and liquid flow. Second, perforated plates were used in the same column. Lastly, a magnetic field was applied to this multiplate bubble column so that the flow of Fe(OH)2 slurry could be affected by the magnetic field because of the electric charge of Fe2+. It was found that the multiplate bubble column performed better than the single‐stage bubble column, and application of the magnetic field further enhanced the absorption efficiency.
Concept of a Flexible Wetted‐Wall Column for the Distillation of Specialty Chemicals
Authors: Reitze Arnulf , Grünewald Marcus , Riese Julia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe trend of increasing product diversity and decreasing production amounts led to the requirement of higher flexibility of production processes of specialty chemicals. Conventional distillation columns, mostly equipped with structured packings, lack the flexibility to handle product changeovers and throughput. Thus, a newly designed distillation column for specialty chemicals is presented. A numerical model was implemented to analyze the potential of the wetted‐wall column. The simulation of the distillation of a binary methanol/water mixture demonstrated that the wetted‐wall column can generate the desired concentration and temperature profiles. Furthermore, analyses of the pressure drop and separation efficiency with the test system chlorobenzene/ethylbenzene were conducted.
Copolymer Membrane Fabrication for Highly Efficient Oil‐in‐Water Emulsion Separation
Authors: Hamta Afshin , Ashtiani Farzin Zokaee , Karimi Mohammad , Sadeghi Yegane , MoayedFard Sareh , Ghorabi Shima 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe microfiltration membrane separation process in oil effluent treatment was investigated experimentally. The flux of poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) with 25 wt % (SAN25) and 30 wt % (SAN30) of acrylonitrile fraction using different solvents in two different feed types (distilled water and 5000 mg L−1 stabilized oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsion) was studied. In the case of the O/W emulsion, the performance of the membranes was evaluated using oil rejection. The chemical oxygen demand test was used to analyze the oil concentration in the permeate and to calculate the rejection. The results show a decline in the O/W treatment flux in comparison with the distilled water. The water permeate of SAN25 using dimethylformamide and N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone was 200 and 170 L m−2h−1, respectively, and permeate flux values of 290 and 210 L m−2h−1 were obtained using SAN30.
Fluorescence Imaging Methodology for Oil‐in‐Water Concentration Measurements
Authors: Köpplin Jessica , Bednarz Lena , Hagemeier Thomas , Thévenin Dominique 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA Pitot‐tube jet pump for separating and transporting liquids of different densities is in use for processing oil‐polluted water. The remaining oil‐in‐water (OiW) concentration is a main indicator for the process efficiency and requires a precise measuring method. Hence, a simple approach delivering reliable oil concentrations has been developed in this project. The measurement principle relies on the image acquisition of an OiW emulsion, where the oil phase is seeded with a selective dye tracer. In this concept study, a detailed description of the preparation procedure is provided. Suitable operation parameters leading to sufficiently stable emulsions have been obtained. Finally, a calibration function was determined. It can be used to correlate uniquely the image intensity to the oil concentration.
Pd/Cu Dual‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Highly Functional All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters from Vinyl Carbonates
Authors: Xue Sijing , Lücht Alexander , Benet‐Buchholz Jordi , Kleij Arjan W. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe challenging metal‐catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of highly functional quaternary carbon centers using decarboxylative C(sp3)−C(sp3) bond formation reactions is reported. The key substrate, a vinyl cyclic carbonate, is activated to provide concomitantly both the requisite nucleophile (by formal umpolung) and electrophile reaction partner preceding the asymmetric cross‐coupling process. A wide screening of reaction conditions, additives and catalyst precursors afforded a protocol that gave access to a series of compounds featuring densely functionalized, elusive quaternary carbon stereocenters in appreciable yield and with enantiomeric ratios (er's) of up to 90 : 10.
Expanding the Topological Landscape by a G‐Column Flip of a Parallel G‐Quadruplex
Authors: Mohr Swantje , Jana Jagannath , Vianney Yoanes Maria , Weisz Klaus 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCanonical G‐quadruplexes can adopt a variety of different topologies depending on the arrangement of propeller, lateral, or diagonal loops connecting the four G‐columns. A novel intramolecular G‐quadruplex structure is derived through inversion of the last G‐tract of a three‐layered parallel fold, associated with the transition of a single propeller into a lateral loop. The resulting (3+1) hybrid fold features three syn⋅anti⋅anti⋅anti G‐tetrads with a 3’‐terminal all‐syn G‐column. Although the ability of forming a duplex stem‐loop between G‐tracts seems beneficial for a propeller‐to‐lateral loop rearrangement, unmodified G‐rich sequences resist folding into the new (3+1) topology. However, refolding can be driven by the incorporation of syn‐favoring guanosine analogues into positions of the fourth G‐stretch. The presented hybrid‐type G‐quadruplex structure as determined by NMR spectroscopy may provide for an additional scaffold in quadruplex‐based technologies.
Von der analogen zur mobilen Instandhaltung
Authors: Garms Christoph 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDer Schritt von der analogen zur mobilen Instandhaltung ist für die unterschiedlichsten Branchen wichtig und notwendig. Nicht nur, um Prozesse intern zu digitalisieren und Teams dem aktuellen Zeitalter näherzubringen, sondern um überhaupt wettbewerbsfähig zu bleiben. Nur so können mittelständische Unternehmen in den kommenden Jahren auf ihren eigenen Märkten und international an der Spitze bleiben. Dass mobile Instandhaltung sich problemlos mit der gesamten Digitalisierungsstrategie synchronisieren läßt zeigt z. B.Infraserv Höchst. Der Industriepark in Frankfurt am Main konnte dank Neptune Software den Entwicklungsaufwand durch 22 Applikationen auf allen gängigen Betriebssystemen um 70 % reduzieren, den Einrichtungsaufwand um 80 % und die Durchlaufzeit der Wartungs‐ und Inspektionskette um weitere 40 % senken. Dies hat das Unternehmen auch dazu gebracht, neue Technologien wie eine digitale Datenbrille einzuführen, die bis heute die weltweit erste komplette SAP integrierte Lösung ist.
Data integration and visualization techniques for post‐cytometric analysis of complex datasets
Authors: Hedin Fanny , Konstantinou Maria , Cosma Antonio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe increasing number of measurable markers and the need to integrate flow cytometry datasets with data generated by other high throughput technologies, require the use of innovative tools, easy enough to be used by people with diverse levels of informatics skills. Flow cytometry analysis software has principally been designed for single sample analysis and it does not cover all the successive analysis steps such as integration with metadata and complex visualization. Here, we illustrated the use of data integration and visualization tools generally used in the business sector to analyze datasets generated by mass and flow cytometry. We selected a study that used mass cytometry to characterize immune cells in lung adenocarcinoma and a second study that used flow cytometry to characterize the expression signature of CD markers on human immune cells. These two examples showed the effectiveness of these tools in the analysis of cytometry data and the possibility to expand their use in any field of biology.