bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HAJDÚ-BIHAR MEGYEI ROMA SZAKKOLLÉGIUMOK EGYÜTTMŰKÖDÉSE A KÖZÉPISKOLÁKKAL
Authors: Gortka-Rákó Erzsébet 
Published: September 2021

A tanulmány fő célja, hogy a debreceni székhellyel működő roma szakkollégiumokat és azok közép-iskolai kapcsolatait bemutassa. Ennek keretét egy 2019-es kutatás adja, ami három részből állt. A Hajdú-Bihar megyében működő három roma szakkollégium (Lippai Balázs Roma Szakkollégium, Wáli István Református Cigány Szakkollégium és Szent Miklós Görög Katolikus Szakkollégium) hallgatóinak kérdő-íves vizsgálata, a három szakkollégium vezetőjével készített interjú, továbbá - a hallgatói kérdőíves vizsgálat eredményeire alapozva, felkerestük azokat a középiskolákat, ahonnan kettő, vagy annál több hallgató érkezett a szakkollégiumokba, így kilenc iskolaigazgatóval és hat polgármesterrel készült interjú. Jelen tanulmányban a szakkollégiumi igazgatókkal készült interjúkat mutatjuk be. Ott, ahol lehetséges, támasz-kodunk a kutatás egyes részeiben kapott válaszokra, - összehasonlítjuk és elemezzük azokat. Elsősorban arra a kérdésre kerestük a választ, hogy a roma szakkollégiumok milyen módon segítik a cigány hallgatók felsőoktatásba való bekerülését. A kapott válaszok alapján megállapítható, hogy a szakkollégiumok törekednek a középiskolákkal való kapcsolattartásra, esetenként bevonják az általuk szervezett programokba is a tanulókat, illetve tanáraikat. Kifejezetten csak a középiskolások számára szóló, felvételit segítő programot nem szerveznek. A szakkollégiumok a cigány tanulók felsőoktatásba/szakkollégiumokba való bekerülését elsősorban információk nyújtásával segítik. Az információk átadását igyekeznek a hallgatók bevonásával, személyes közreműködés révén megvalósítani.
Komentarz na kanwie Uchwały Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego I FPS 1/21 – sądowa kontrola instrumentalnego wszczęcia postępowania karnego skarbowego a prawo do sądu
Authors: Szymacha Adam , Rogalski Kamil 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the article/hypothesis: The presented article focuses on a new resolution of the Supreme Administrative Court I FPS 1/21. In this resolution an assessment of instrumental initiation of criminal fiscal proceedings in order to suspend the running of the limitation period of a tax liability has been undertaken. The Supreme Administrative Court assessed that administrative courts have the right to examine the legitimacy of initiation of such proceedings. This position is important insofar as it also touches upon the issue of the right to a fair trial, as well as the right to property and legal certainty. The main aim of this article is to check the impact of this resolution on described fundamental rights.
Methodology: This article will use the comparative law method. Especially the case law of different courts will be shown. The dogmatic-legal method will also be used as an auxiliary.
Results of the research: This resolution is crucial for the fundamental right for fail trial. It has also impact on the right to property and principle of legal certainity. It may also be some element that strengthens the rule of law.
TRABECULAR BONE SCORE – A NON-INVASIVE ANALYTICAL METHOD TO EVALUATE BONE QUALITY BASED ON ROUTINE DUAL-ENERGY ABSORPTIOMETRY. PERSPECTIVES OF ITS USE IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Tsoriev T. T. , Belaya Zh. E. , Mel'nichenko G. A. 
Published: September 2021

Two-dimensional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, osteodensitometry) is currently considered as the gold standard for diagnosis of osteoporosis. However, despite good operational characteristics, this type of investigation cannot help to assess bone microarchitecture and the degree of its derangement in osteoporosis. Therefore, trabecular bone score (TBS) has been developed as a non-invasive method of indirect description of bone microarchitecture based on data derived from a standard DXA of the lumbar spine. Not being a direct mapping of the physical measurements of trabecular microarchitecture, TBS nevertheless shows a positive correlation with quantitative values obtained from micro-computed tomography and high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, i.e. with the bone volume fraction, junction density, trabecular numbers and their disintegration. There is also an association between the ability of the bone tissue to resist stress in experimental studies ex vivo and TBS measurement. Due to TBS, there is a possibility to detect bone microarchitecture impairment even in individuals with normal bone mineral density (BMD), i.e. higher TBS values correlate with improved bone microstructure, whereas a reduced TBS shows its deterioration. Limitation of TBS use are primarily related to the DXA image quality: image faults caused either by technical reasons or by too low or too high body mass index can lead to an overestimation/underestimation of the index. Assessment of the lumbar TBS has been repeatedly performed in cross-sectional and prospective studies in representative patient samples (mainly postmenopausal women) and significant numbers of healthy subjects, and proved to be a predictor (independent of BMD) of fracture risk. An evaluation of the possibility to use TBS for early diagnosis of secondary osteoporosis (related to various endocrine disorders) would be of great interest, as BMD, as known from clinical practice, is not always a reliable measurement of the bone endurance, especially in diabetes, steroid osteoporosis and acromegaly. The use of TBS along with BMD as a marker of efficacy of current treatment for secondary osteoporosis is also possible, but it is not yet evidence-based; therefore, research has to be continued.
Effect of Potassium and Zinc Nutrition on Growth and Yield of Short Duration Maize (Zea mays L.) under Dryland Vertisols
Authors: Bhattacharjee Subhradip , Bhale V.M. , Kumar Pramod , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: September 2021

Background: The black soils (vertisols) are often considered to be high in potassium content however; under intensive cultivation of high nutrient demanding crop like maize; the soil available potassium might not be sufficient to fulfil the demand. Moreover; the interaction between potassium and micronutrients like zinc has to evaluated for higher crop yield under dryland condition. Methods: The experiment was laid out in factorial RBD design with two factors, i.e., potassium (K) and zinc (Zn), with three levels of each (K1- 30 kg K2O ha-1, K2- 60 kg K2O ha-1, K3- 90 kg K2O ha-1; Zn1- 20 kg ZnSO4 ha-1, Zn2- 30 kg ZnSO4 ha-1 and Zn3- 40 kg ZnSO4 ha-1). Result: Statistical interpretation of experimental data revealed that application of potassium at 60 kg K2O ha-1 and 30 kg of ZnSO4 ha-1 resulted improved plant height, number of functional leaves plants-1, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, grain yield, stover yield and shelling percentage in maize. Interestingly positive interaction has also been recorded between potassium and zinc nutrition.
INTEGRALISTIK-INTERKONEKTIF PENDIDIKAN SALAF DAN KHALAF PONDOK PESANTREN TEBUIRENG JOMBANG
Authors: Walid Moch. Khoirul 
Published: September 2021

Along with the development of the education system in Indonesia, pesantren are classified into two parts, namely the Salafi pesantren (pesantren that maintains classical traditions) and the Khalafi pesantren (pesantren that incorporate general knowledge or open school institutions). Not all educational institutions have integrated relationships with other knowledge, but from several Islamic boarding schools, there are many that have integrated salaf and khalaf education, such as the one in Pondok Pesantren Tebuireng Jombang.
Keywords : Education, Integrated, Islamic boarding school
Has Covid-19 increased gender inequalities in professional advancement? Cross-country evidence on productivity differences between male and female software developers
Authors: Hipp Lena , Konrad Markus 
Published: September 2021

Objective: This article analyzed gender differences in professional advancement following the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic based on data from open-source software developers in 37 countries.
Background: Men and women may have been affected differently from the social distancing measures implemented to contain the Covid-19 pandemic. Given that men and women tend to work in different jobs and that they have been unequally involved in childcare duties, school and workplace closings may have impacted men’s and women’s professional lives unequally.
Method: We analyzed original data from the world’s largest social coding community, GitHub. We first estimated a Holt-Winters forecast model to compare the predicted and the observed average weekly productivity of a random sample of male and female developers (N=177,480) during the first lockdown period in 2020. To explain the cross-country variation in the gendered effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on software developers’ productivity, we estimated two-way fixed effects models with different lockdown measures as predictors – school and workplace closures, in particular.
Results: In most countries, both male and female developers were, on average, more productive than predicted, and productivity increased for both genders with increasing lockdown stringency. When examining the effects of the most relevant types of lockdown measures separately, we found that stay-at-home restrictions increased both men’s and women’s productivity and that workplace closures also increased the number of weekly contributions on average – but for women, only when schools were open.
Conclusion: Having found gender differences in the effect of workplace closures contingent on school and daycare closures within a population that is relatively young and unlikely to have children (software developers), we conclude that the Covid-19 pandemic may indeed have contributed to increased gender inequalities in professional advancement.
Evaluation of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Binder and Squid Oil Attractant in the Formulation of Litopenaeus vannamei Diet
Authors: Yusoff Nor Asma Husna , Zakariah Mohd Ihwan , Mohamad Jalilah , Rahmah Sharifah , Hassan Marina 
Published: September 2021

Highlight ResearchEffects of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) binder on pellet water stability in shrimp diet.Evaluation of squid oil attractant on feed palatability.The quality of water after inclusion of CMC binder and squid oil in pellet.CMC and squid oil improved dry matter retention and feeding responses in shrimp. AbstractPellet water stability and feeding attractant are the crucial factors to be considered in the formulation of shrimp feed to minimize nutrient leaching and improve food palatability, respectively. The aim of this study was to determine the binding effect of supplementation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) during pellet manufacturing, and feeding responses with the inclusion of squid oil in pellet. Both experiments were conducted separately in five feed formulations ranged from 0.00% to 3.00% of CMC and squid oil. All T0 was referred as control with no CMC or squid oil. Experiment was conducted using 30 shrimps/treatment with triplicates. The dry matter retention up to 120 min of immersion and the feeding response test were evaluated in pellet supplemented with CMC and squid oil, respectively. Results showed the percentage of dry matter retentions increased with the increase of CMC, over time. The CMC containing pellets at 2.00% and 3.00% had minimal disintegration in water and possessed high water stability after 120 min immersion. The addition of 3.00% squid oil in feed exhibited a significant result (p<0.05) in the time taken for shrimp to access the pellet, also increased the time starts for ingestion. No significant change was observed in water quality indicated no water contamination occurred throughout the study. Results demonstrated that the addition of CMC binder at 2.00% and 3.00% improved pellet water stability, whilst 3.00% squid oil was recommended to enhance feed palatability. However, future studies on the activity of enzymes in shrimp bodies after treatment would be an advantage.
Molecular Expressions : Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) in Gills of Cyprinus carpio Infected Myxobolus sp.
Authors: Maftuch Maftuch , Wicaksosno Bramantiyo Satriyo , Nurin Febi Nadhila , Sebastian Andhang 
Published: September 2021

Highlight Research:It has been found that many fish died with wounds from farmers in Blitar, Indonesia.The mucosal smear test from mucosal gills of C. carpio infected with Myxobolus.In the blood smear test of C. carpio, there was no myxobolus found in the blood.In gill organ testing using SEM that Myxobolus is found in gills (C. carpio).The shape of Myxobolus resembles an imperfect ball with a hollow in the middle. AbstractThe biggest problem that is often considered to be an obstacle to Common carp culture is the emergence of disease attacks. One type of disease that often attacks the seeds of Cyprinus carpio is Myxobolus (a systemic parasite that can cause harm to fish farming). The aim of this study was to determine the molecular expression through the smear test on C. carpio gills, to determine the image of the gill organs of C. carpio using the SEM test, and to determine the description of the spores of Myxobolus sp. Data were analyzed using descriptive methods. Descriptive method used was comparative descriptive comparing molecular expression in the test of gill mucosal smear of fish using a light microscope and gill organ testing using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) on C. carpio infected by Myxobolus sp. In this study, the results showed that in C. carpio infected with true Myxobolus found the presence of Myxobolus in the mucosal smear test and SEM test on gill tissue, but not found in the blood smear test.
The Effect of Using Bromelain and Papain Enzymes on the Quality of Pure Fish Oil from Milkfish Silage (Chanos chanos)
Authors: Arisky Yosie Prayudha , Supriyanto Supriyanto , Fakhry Mohammad 
Published: September 2021

Highlight ResearchMilkfish silage oil fatty acid profileThe quality of pure fish oil from milkfish silage (Chanos chanos)The effect of using bromelain and papain enzymesAbstractMilkfish has a high nutritional content, especially fat content. The processing of milkfish oil into pure oil has not been done much. Proper processing is needed so that the fatty acids contained in fish can be utilized optimally for pharmaceutical and medical needs. Enzyme extraction is known to extract fish oil with better quality than the heating method. The aim of this research was to study the effect of the enzymes bromelain and papain on the quality of pure fish oil from milkfish silage by treating different body parts used. The experiment was carried out with Factorial Complete Randomized Design with three replications involving two factors. The first factor was the type of enzyme using two types of enzymes, namely bromelain and papain with a concentration of 15%, the second factor used was the difference in body parts that was whole fish, flesh, and waste (head, viscera, and bones). The results showed that the type of enzyme had no significant effect on the quality of fish oil, but the different treatments of fish body parts had a significant effect on the quality of the fish oil produced. The best treatment was adapted from fish oil treated using the bromelain enzyme with the flesh. This treatment resulted in yield of 1.25%, density 0.903 g/mL, FFA content of 0.56%, and peroxide value of 7.64 meq/kg.
The Effectiveness of Seaweeds as Biofilter for Reducing Wastewater Nutrient and Preventing Water Pollution from Hybrid Grouper Culture
Authors: Adharini Ratih Ida , Murwantoko Murwantoko , Probosunu Namastra , Setiawan Riza Yuliratno , Satriyo Tony Budi 
Published: September 2021

Highlight ResearchWastewater in hybrid grouper culture should be maintain before resirculate and dispose to aquatic environment to avoid eutrophication.Seaweed that is used for biofilter must be observed for its suitability, performance and effectivity.Ulva sp. has the best effectiveness to reduce nutrient in wastewater of hybrid grouper aquaculture by absorbing then stored into thallus.Ulva sp. is proven has the best SGR and adaptability in wastewater of hybrid grouper culture.AbstractWastewater generated from hybrid grouper culture needs to be managed to improve water quality before being recirculated, or discharged in the aquatic environment. Seaweed biofilter has been proposed in wastewater treatment technology for marine fish farming. This study aimed at comparing which of these species i.e. Ulva sp., Sargassum sp., Gelidium sp., and Dictyota sp. work best to absorb nutrient wastewater hybrid grouper culture. This research utilized these seaweed as treatments and controls with three replications using Completely Randomized Design. A statistical analysis was conducted to investigate the significant differences in the nutrient absorptions among various seaweed species by using ANOVA and least significant difference. Non-parametric tests namely Kruskal-Walis, Mann-Whitney, and t-test were used with confidence interval of 95%. The results revealed that Ulva sp. has the best ability to reduce the Nitrogen 80%, while Dictyota able to reduce Phosphor 88% by Dictyota sp. generated from wastewater of hybrid grouper culture. While the highest absorbtion of Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (104%) and phosphate (182%) that stored in thallus were performed by Ulva sp. Ulva sp. had the best performance and highest growth rate (1.9% d-1) as biofilter in hybrid grouper cultivation than other species.
Banana Cultivars Microshoot Induction and Plantlet Formation Using Cytokinin and Auxin
Authors: Sugiyono Sugiyono , Dewi Prita Sari , Prasetyo Rendie 
Published: September 2021

<p>Banana is a horticultural plant with very high potentials, which contains carbohydrates and vitamins that are useful in fulfilling people's food and nutritional needs. Hence, this study aims to produce superior banana seedlings and develop a protocol for their mass production using a plant <em>in vitro</em> culture technique. This was a two stage-experiment i.e. microshoot production and plantlet formation. The result showed that Gebyar cultivar produced more shoots than the Kepok Kuning<em> </em>cultivar, with an average of 4.25 microshoots explant<sup>-1</sup>. However, Kepok Kuning produced more leaves than Gebyar,<em> </em>with an average of 4.64 leaves plantlet<sup>-1</sup>. Banana shoots cultured on the media containing Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at a concentration of 2.5 µM produced the highest leaves number. Meanwhile, those cultured on the media containing 1-Naphthalenesacetic acid (NAA) at a concentration of 7.5 µM produced the highest roots number. A Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) up to 30 µM and the one supplemented with 7.5 μM of NAA are suitable for Kepok Kuning and Gebyar<em> </em>cultivars micropropagation with regard to microshoot induction and plantlet formation, respectively.</p>
Environmental and Institutional Impacts of Tidal River Management: A Case Study on Pakhimara Tidal Basin in Southwestern Bangladesh
Authors: Bin Salam Md. Tareq , Amin Atika Ibnat , Afroz Tonami , Masud Md. Mahedi Al 
Published: September 2021

<p>People in southwestern Bangladesh have been facing the waterlogging problem and protesting on the impacts for the nature for a long time. In the 1960s, the government introduced polders, embankments and cross dams to overcome the destructive scenario. Due to the failure of government initiatives, the local people of the coastal area cut into the polder so that the sediment deposited within the beel known as Tidal River Management (TRM). Then, TRM was applied several times in different catchments. The study was carried out from December 2018 to November 2019 to assess the positive and negative environmental and institutional impacts of TRM on Pakhimara beel in Tala Upazila (Sub-district), Satkhira District, by using the Sustainability Index of Tidal River Management (SITRM) framework. Sustainability Indices of TRM were designed to provide information on social, environmental and institutional gains. The environmental and institutional impacts were assessed by conducting household survey and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). Agricultural impacts on crop, poultry, fisheries and vegetation, were also analyzed by comparing GIS map and agricultural production data (before and after TRM). This study investigated that Pakhimara beel was freed from waterlogging during the with-TRM event by 3,200 ha and the reduction of waterlogging increased agricultural land by 1,500 ha in 2018, compared to 2014. This study argued that only 54% of marginal farmers received crop compensation whereas 85% of crop production decreased due to TRM. For promoting sustainable TRM in the studied area, compensation should be guaranteed for all impacted parties, especially marginal farmers and the creation of employment opportunities, and settlement should be ensured.</p>
An Exact Expression for the Effective Bulk Modulus for Acoustic Wave Propagation in Cylindrical Patchy-Saturation Rocks
Authors: Zong Zhaoyun , Chen Yu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Hydrocarbon reservoirs often contain partially gas-saturated rocks that have attracted the attention of exploration geophysicists and geologists for many years. Wave-induced fluid flow (WIFF) is an effective mechanism to quantify seismic wave dispersion and attenuation in partially gas-saturated rocks. In this study, we focus on the local fluid flow induced by variations in fluids in different regions and present a new model that describes seismic wave propagation in partially gas-saturated rocks, namely, the cylindrical patchy-saturation model. Because the seismic wave velocity and attenuation oscillate at high frequencies, it is not ideal for studying dispersion and attenuation caused by WIFF. To avoid the high-frequency oscillation in the cylindrical patchy-saturated model, we use an approximation to the Newman function instead of the full Newman function to calculate the effective bulk modulus. We then calculate the P-wave velocity and attenuation of the proposed model and interpret the lab-measured data. The proposed model is an alternative patchy-saturation model that can explain the problem of high-frequency oscillation and low-frequency attenuation.
Structural Elements of Onshore Kuwait
Authors: Carman George J. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Five structural trends are recognized in Kuwait: (1) Three sub-parallel anticlinal trends (005°-015°) occur on the west flank of the Kuwait Arch and trap oil in Lower Cretaceous and Jurassic strata. (2) North-south trending structures, including the Kuwait Arch, are probably founded on basement horsts. These were reactivated from Late Jurassic to post-Turonian time and contain the largest oil pools in Kuwait (e.g. Greater Burgan) in Middle Cretaceous, Lower Cretaceous and Upper Jurassic strata. (3) A northwest trend (320°-340°) in north and west Kuwait reflects the structural grain of the underlying Arabian Shelf and while generally dry in Middle Cretaceous strata has proven oil in Lower Cretaceous and Jurassic strata. (4) East-northeast (030°-050°) anticlines are present mid-flank the Kuwait Arch to the west and north. They contain oil in Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous strata, and Middle Cretaceous strata where north-south trends are overprinted. They may be related to northeast trending shear zones. (5) The Ahmadi Ridge is a rare north-northwest contraction trend probably related to the Zagros orogeny and traps oil where it overprints the Kuwait Arch trend.
The apparently simple anticlinal oil field structures are cut by normal faults, which are mapped as radial, with throws up to 50 meters but averaging 15 meters. Structural compartmentalization of reservoirs has not been conclusively identified. The faults are near-vertical and often occur in swarms; the majority deform strata below the Mishrif Unconformity while rare faults reach the surface. Reverse throws are evident on seismic and in one well. Dextral offsets along northwest and northeast trending fault and lineaments indicate strike-slip. Wellbore breakouts, processed borehole imagery data and outcrop joint data define a principal maximum stress field orientation of 040°-050° consistent with regional trends.