bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Steady-state visual evoked potentials are unchanged following physical and cognitive exertion paradigms
Authors: Salazar Sophia , Oyewole Femi , Obi Ted , Baron Rebecca , Mahony Dylan , Kropelnicki Anna , Cohen Adrian , Putrino David , Fry Adam 
Published: November 2021

Background There is a need for objective biomarkers of sports-related concussion that are unaffected by physical and cognitive exertion. Electroencephalography-based biomarkers such as steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs) have been proposed as one such biomarker. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cognitive and physical exertion on SSVEP signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Methods This study involved two experiments. The first experiment was performed in a controlled laboratory environment and involved a treadmill run designed to induce physical fatigue and a Stroop task designed to induce mental fatigue, completed in a randomized order on two separate visits. SSVEPs were evoked using a 15-Hz strobe using a Nurochek headset before and after each task. Changes in the 15-Hz SSVEP SNR and self-reported fatigue (visual analog scales) were assessed. In the second experiment, SSVEP SNR was measured before and after real-world boxing matches. Paired t-tests compared pre- and post-task SSVEP SNR and fatigue scores. Results Eighteen participants were recruited for experiment 1. Following the treadmill run, participants reported higher physical fatigue, mental fatigue, and overall fatigue ( p ≤ 0.005; d ≥ 0.90). Following the Stroop task, participants reported higher mental fatigue and overall fatigue ( p < 0.001; d ≥ 1.16), but not physical fatigue. SSVEP SNR scores were unchanged following either the Stroop task ( p = 0.059) or the treadmill task ( p = 0.590). Seven participants were recruited for experiment 2. SSVEP SNR scores were unchanged following the boxing matches ( p = 0.967). Conclusions The results of both experiments demonstrate that SSVEP SNR scores were not different following the treadmill run, Stroop task or amateur boxing match. These findings provide preliminary evidence that SSVEP fidelity may not be significantly affected by physical and cognitive exertion paradigms.
Introducing the Mindfulness-Based Interventions: Teaching and Learning Companion (The TLC)
Authors: Griffith Gemma , Crane Rebecca 
Published: November 2021

Background: Reflective practice is a key skill which can enable the development of teaching competence among Mindfulness-Based Program (MBP) teachers. Purpose: In this article, the Mindfulness-Based Interventions: Teaching and Learning Companion (TLC) is introduced. This new tool is based upon the established teaching competence assessment tool, the Mindfulness-Based Interventions: Teaching Assessment Criteria (MBI:TAC). The MBI:TAC has enabled benchmarking of international standards of MBP teaching which helps ensure high fidelity to MBP curricula and contributes to the overall integrity of the field. This in turn, underpins the potential of MBPs to be effective interventions for the enhancement of participants’ mental health and wellbeing. Conclusions: The TLC aims to facilitate MBP teachers’ development by enabling active reflection focused on the key features of MBP teaching skills.
Anatomic Multiple Ligament Reconstructions of the Knee
Authors: Floyd Edward R. , Carlson Gregory B. , Monson Jill K. , LaPrade Robert F. 
Published: November 2021

Background: Multiple ligament injuries of the knee occur in a variety of settings, often from athletic activities. Multiple cruciate and collateral ligament injuries may be associated with hamstring tendon rupture, common peroneal nerve (CPN) injury, meniscus, bone, and cartilage damage. Indications: After evaluation for concomitant life-threatening and vascular injuries (especially of the popliteal artery), the knee is assessed through a thorough physical examination and imaging series, including varus, valgus, and posterior stress radiography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Research over the last 30 years has suggested that operative treatment in the acute setting (<3 weeks) in a single-stage procedure may have improved results to delayed/staged reconstruction. Early range of motion starting on postoperative day 1 is important to prevent development of arthrofibrosis. Technique: We describe the technique used to surgically manage a patient suffering from anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), and complete posterolateral corner (PLC) rupture. Neurolysis of the CPN is performed to free the irritated nerve from scar tissue, along with biceps femoris tendon and lateral capsular repairs. Anatomic-based reconstructions are performed. The ACL reconstruction is with a single bundle using a patellar tendon autograft, PCL reconstruction is a double bundle with Achilles and tibialis anterior tendon allografts, and PLC reconstruction is accomplished with a split Achilles tendon allograft. The correct orientation of tunnel placement must be planned to avoid tunnel convergence; these angles have been determined through 3D modeling. The optimal sequence for graft tensioning has been established and follows the pattern: PCL, ACL, PLC, and then medial-sided structures if necessary. Results: Successful outcomes have been reported for both medial and lateral based injuries, and follow-up studies have also shown equivalent results between acute and chronic outcomes, and for multiligament injuries involving the ACL and PCL if anatomic reconstructions with appropriate tunnel angles, passage and tensioning sequence of grafts, and rehabilitation regimens are performed. Discussion/Conclusion: Single-stage anatomic reconstruction is the gold standard for managing multiple ligament injuries in the knee. Commencement of early 0° to 90° knee range of motion and PCL-supporting bracing are critical to prevent arthrofibrosis and protect the grafts from attenuation.
Hematologic complications with age in Shwachman-Diamond syndrome
Authors: Furutani Elissa , Liu Shanshan , Galvin Ashley , Steltz Sarah , Malsch Maggie M. , Loveless Sara K. , Mount Leann , Larson Jordan H. , Queenan Kelan , Bertuch Alison A. , Fleming Mark D. , Gansner John M. , Geddis Amy E. , Hanna Rabi , Keel Sioban B. , Lau Bonnie W. , Lipton Jeffrey M. , Lorsbach Robert , Nakano Taizo A. , Vlachos Adrianna , Wang Winfred C. , Davies Stella M. , Weller Edie , Myers Kasiani C. , Shimamura Akiko 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome with leukemia predisposition. An understanding of the hematologic complications of SDS with age could guide clinical management, but data are limited for this rare disease. We conducted a cohort study of 153 subjects from 143 families with confirmed biallelic SBDS mutations enrolled on the North American Shwachman Diamond Registry or Bone Marrow Failure Registry. The SBDS c.258 + 2T&gt;C variant was present in all but 1 patient. To evaluate the association between blood counts and age, 2146 blood counts were analyzed for 119 subjects. Absolute neutrophil counts were positively associated with age (P &lt; .0001). Hemoglobin was also positively associated with age up to 18 years (P &lt; .0001), but the association was negative thereafter (P = .0079). Platelet counts and marrow cellularity were negatively associated with age (P &lt; .0001). Marrow cellularity did not correlate with blood counts. Severe marrow failure necessitating transplant developed in 8 subjects at a median age of 1.7 years (range, 0.4-39.5), with 7 of 8 requiring transplant prior to age 8 years. Twenty-six subjects (17%) developed a myeloid malignancy (16 myelodysplasia and 10 acute myeloid leukemia) at a median age of 12.3 years (range, 0.5-45.0) and 28.4 years (range, 14.4-47.3), respectively. A lymphoid malignancy developed in 1 patient at the age of 16.9 years. Hematologic complications were the major cause of mortality (17/20 deaths; 85%). These data inform surveillance of hematologic complications in SDS.
Tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection: description of the global cohort
Authors:   The TB/COVID-19 Global Study Group
Published: November 2021

BackgroundInformation on tuberculosis (TB) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still limited. The aim of this study was to describe the features of the TB/COVID-19 co-infected individuals from a prospective, anonymised, multicountry register-based cohort with special focus on the determinants of mortality and other outcomes.MethodsWe enrolled all patients of any age with either active TB or previous TB and COVID-19. 172 centres from 34 countries provided individual data on 767 TB-COVID-19 co-infected patients, (>50% population-based).ResultsOf 767 patients, 553 (74.0%) out of 747 had TB before COVID-19 (including 234 out of 747 with previous TB), 71 (9.5%) out of 747 had COVID-19 first and 123 (16.5%) out of 747 had both diseases diagnosed within the same week (n=35 (4.6%) on the same day). 85 (11.08%) out of 767 patients died (41 (14.2%) out of 289 in Europe and 44 (9.2%) out of 478 outside Europe; p=0.03): 42 (49.4%) from COVID-19, 31 (36.5%) from COVID-19 and TB, one (1.2%) from TB and 11 from other causes. In the univariate analysis on mortality the following variables reached statistical significance: age, male gender, having more than one comorbidity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, chronic renal disease, presence of key symptoms, invasive ventilation and hospitalisation due to COVID-19. The final multivariable logistic regression model included age, male gender and invasive ventilation as independent contributors to mortality.ConclusionThe data suggest that TB and COVID-19 are a “cursed duet” and need immediate attention. TB should be considered a risk factor for severe COVID disease and patients with TB should be prioritised for COVID-19 preventative efforts, including vaccination.
The composition of lung microbiome in lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Najafi Sadaf , Abedini Fatemeh , Azimzadeh Jamalkandi Sadegh , Shariati Parvin , Ahmadi Ali , Gholami Fesharaki Mohammad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Although recent studies have indicated that imbalance in the respiratory microbiome composition is linked to several chronic respiratory diseases, the association between the lung microbiome and lung cancer has not been extensively studied. Conflicting reports of individual studies on respiratory microbiome alterations in lung cancer complicate the matter for specifying how the lung microbiome is linked to lung cancer. Consequently, as the first meta-analysis on this topic, we integrate publicly available 16S rRNA gene sequence data on lung tissue samples of lung cancer patients to identify bacterial taxa which differ consistently between case and control groups.

Results
The findings of the current study suggest that the relative abundance of several bacterial taxa including Actinobacteria phylum, Corynebacteriaceae and Halomonadaceae families, and Corynebacterium, Lachnoanaerobaculum, and Halomonas genera is significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in lung tumor tissues of lung cancer patients in comparison with tumor-adjacent normal tissues.

Conclusions
Despite the underlying need for scrutinizing the findings further, the present study lays the groundwork for future research and adds to our limited understanding of the key role of the lung microbiome and its complex interaction with lung cancer. More data on demographic factors and tumor tissue types would help establish a greater degree of accuracy in characterizing the lung microbial community which accords with subtypes and stages of the disease and fully capturing the changes of the lung microbiome in lung cancer.
Natural hybridization among three Rhododendron species (Ericaceae) revealed by morphological and genomic evidence
Authors: Zheng Wei , Yan Li-Jun , Burgess Kevin S. , Luo Ya-Huang , Zou Jia-Yun , Qin Han-Tao , Wang Ji-Hua , Gao Lian-Ming 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundNatural hybridization can influence the adaptive response to selection and accelerate species diversification. Understanding the composition and structure of hybrid zones may elucidate patterns of hybridization processes that are important to the formation and maintenance of species, especially for taxa that have experienced rapidly adaptive radiation. Here, we used morphological traits, ddRAD-seq and plastid DNA sequence data to investigate the structure of aRhododendronhybrid zone and uncover the hybridization patterns among three sympatric and closely related species.ResultsOur results show that the hybrid zone is complex, where bi-directional hybridization takes place among the three sympatric parental species:R. spinuliferum,R. scabrifolium, andR. spiciferum. Hybrids betweenR. spinuliferumandR. spiciferum(R.×duclouxii) comprise multiple hybrid classes and a high proportion of F1generation hybrids, while a novel hybrid taxon betweenR. spinuliferumandR. scabrifoliumdominated the F2generation, but no backcross individuals were detected. The hybrid zone showed basically coincident patterns of population structure between genomic and morphological data.ConclusionsNatural hybridization exists among the threeRhododendronspecies in the hybrid zone, although patterns of hybrid formation vary between hybrid taxa, which may result in different evolutionary outcomes. This study represents a unique opportunity to dissect the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms associated with adaptive radiation ofRhododendronspecies in a biodiversity hotspot.
The effect of dobutamine in sepsis: a propensity score matched analysis
Authors: Zhu Youfeng , Yin Haiyan , Zhang Rui , Ye Xiaoling , Wei Jianrui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The use of dobutamine in patients with sepsis is questionable currently. As the benefit of dobutamine in septic patients is unclear, we aimed to evaluate whether the use of dobutamine was associated with decreased hospital mortality in sepsis patients.

Methods
Based on the analysis of MIMIC III public database, we performed a big-data, real world study. According to the use of dobutamine or not, patients were categorized as the dobutamine group or non dobutamine group.We used propensity score matched (PSM) analysis to adjust for confoundings. The primary outcome was hospital mortality.

Results
In the present study, after screening 38,605 patients, 2826 patients with sepsis were included. 121 patients were in dobutamine group and 2165 patients were in non dobutamine group. Compared with patients in non-dobutamine group, patients in dobutamine group had a lower MAP, higher HR, higher RR, higher severity of illness scores. 72 of 121 patients (59.5%) in the dobutamine group and 754 of 2165 patients (34.8%) in the non-dobutamine group died in the hospital, which resulted in a significant between-group difference (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.01–2.40; P = 0.000). For the secondary outcomes, patients in dobutamine group received more MV use, more renal replacement therapy use, had longer ICU stay durations and more cardiac arrhythmias than those in non-dobutamine group. After adjusting for confoundings between groups by PSM analysis, hospital mortality was consistently higher in dobutamine group than that in non-dobutamine group (60.2% vs. 49.4%, OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.01–2.37; P = 0.044).

Conclusions
Among patients with sepsis, our study showed that the use of dobutamine was not associated with decreased hospital mortality. Further large scale, randomized controlled studies are warrented to confirm our findings.
Relationship between TNF-α levels and psychiatric symptoms in first-episode drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia before and after risperidone treatment and in chronic patients
Authors: Lin Chen , Chen Ke , Yu Jianjin , Feng Wei , Fu Weihong , Yang Fude , Zhang Xiangyang , Chen Dachun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The influence of antipsychotic drugs on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels is unclear, and there is no consensus on the association between TNF-α and psychotic symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the differences in TNF-α levels and clinical correlations in first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) patients with schizophrenia before and after treatment and in chronic patients.

Methods
A total of 103 (51 FEDN and 52 chronic) patients and 114 healthy controls were recruited. Demographic and clinical data, including TNF-α levels, were recorded. We used the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) to measure the psychopathology of all patients.

Results
TNF-α levels before treatment were significantly higher in FEDN patients than in chronic patients and healthy controls. No significant sex differences were found in the TNF-α levels of patients with schizophrenia. The TNF-α levels before treatment were significantly positively related to changes in PANSS negative symptoms in FEDN patients. The TNF-α levels in chronic patients were significantly negatively correlated with the general psychopathology subscales and PANSS total scores.

Conclusions
Increased TNF-α levels in FEDN patients and their correlation with psychopathology indicate that inflammatory cytokines may play a crucial role in the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia, and inflammation-directed therapy may, therefore, improve negative symptoms.
Mental health burden of patients with diabetes before and after the initial outbreak of COVID-19: predictors of mental health impairment
Authors: Moradian Sheila , Teufel Martin , Jahre Lisa , Musche Venja , Fink Madeleine , Dinse Hannah , Schweda Adam , Weismüller Benjamin , Dörrie Nora , Tan Susanne , Skoda Eva-Maria , Bäuerle Alexander 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting people’s mental health worldwide. Patients with diabetes are at risk for a severe course of illness when infected with SARS-CoV-2. The present study aims to retrospectively examine mental health changes in patients with diabetes in Germany before and after the initial COVID-19 outbreak, and to furthermore explore potential predictors of such changes.

Methods
Over the course of eight weeks from April to June 2020, 253 individuals diagnosed with diabetes participated in an online cross-sectional study. Participants completed an anonymous survey including demographics, depression (PHQ-2) and generalized anxiety symptoms (GAD-2), distress (DT), and health status (EQ-5D-3L). In addition, all instruments used were modified to retrospectively ask participants to recall their mental health and health status before the outbreak had started. Additionally examined factors were COVID-19-related fear, trust in governmental actions to face the pandemic, and the subjective level of information about COVID-19.

Results
This study shows a significant increase in prevalence of depression symptoms, generalized anxiety symptoms and distress, as well as significantly decreased health statuses in diabetes patients after the initial COVID-19 outbreak. Increased depression symptoms, generalized anxiety symptoms and distress were predicted by COVID-19-related fear, whereas trust in governmental actions to face COVID-19 predicted higher depression symptoms.

Conclusions
The results indicate a negative impact of the initial COVID-19 outbreak on mental health and health status in patients with diabetes. In order to improve the efficacy of psychological support strategies for diabetes patients during the pandemic, possible predictors of mental health impairment such as the aforementioned should be examined more thoroughly and addressed more openly.
Experimental study of the effects of hypoxia simulator on osteointegration of titanium prosthesis in osteoporotic rats
Authors: Liu Jiangfeng , Kang Huijun , Lu Jiangfeng , Dai Yike , Wang Fei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPoor osseointegration is the key reason for implant failure after arthroplasty,whether under osteoporotic or normal bone conditions. To date, osseointegration remains a major challenge. Recent studies have shown that deferoxamine (DFO) can accelerate osteogenesis by activating the hypoxia signaling pathway. The purpose of this study was to test the following hypothesis: after knee replacement, intra-articular injection of DFO will promote osteogenesis and osseointegration with a 3D printed titanium prosthesis in the bones of osteoporotic rats.Materials and methodsNinety female Sprague–Dawley rats were used for the experiment. Ten rats were used to confirm the successful establishment of the osteoporosis model: five rats in the sham operation group and five rats in the ovariectomy group. After ovariectomy and knee arthroplasty were performed, the remaining 80 rats were randomly divided into DFO and control groups (n= 40 per group). The two groups were treated by intraarticular injection of DFO and saline respectively. After 2 weeks, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the levels of HIF-1a, VEGF, and CD31. HIF-1a and VEGF have been shown to promote angiogenesis and bone regeneration, and CD31 is an important marker of angiogenesis. After 12 weeks, the specimens were examined by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), biomechanics, and histopathology to evaluate osteogenesis and osseointegration.ResultsThe results of PCR showed that the mRNA levels of VEGF and CD31 in the DFO group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The immunohistochemistry results indicated that positive cell expression of HIF-1a, VEGF, and CD31 in the DFO group was also higher. Compared with the control group, the micro-CT parameters of BMD, BV/TV, TB. N, and TB. Th were significantly higher. The maximal pull-out force and the bone-to-implant contact value were also higher.ConclusionsThe local administration of DFO, which is used to activate the HIF-1a signaling pathway, can promote osteogenesis and osseointegration with a prosthesis in osteoporotic bone.
Patients with preoperative asymptomatic pyuria are not prone to develop febrile urinary tract infection after ureteroscopic lithotripsy
Authors: Lin Kuan-Jung , Huang Eric Y. H. , Huang I-shen , Fan Yu-Hua , Lin Chih-Chieh , Lin Tzu-Ping , Chung Hsiao-Jen , Lu Shing-Hwa , Kuo Junne-Yih , Wu Howard Hung-Hao , Chang Yen-Hwa , Lin Alex T. L. , Huang William J. S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to evaluate the association of asymptomatic pyuria before ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy (URSL) with postoperative febrile urinary tract infection (UTI).

Methods
This observational case–control study identified the patients undergoing URSL for ureteral stones between May 2011 and October 2015. The included patients were classified into two groups: the asymptomatic pyuria group (6–50 white blood cells [WBCs]/high-power field [HPF]) and the non-pyuria group (≤ 5 WBCs/HPF). All data were collected by reviewing medical records. Postoperative outcomes were collected in terms of febrile UTI, emergency visits, and stone-free rate.

Results
A total of 232 patients were included, 101 in the pyuria group, 131 in the non-pyuria group. Two (0.9%) patients developed febrile UTI after URSL and 12 (5.2%) patients visited emergency department for URSL-related symptoms. The overall stone-free rate was 90.9%. There was no significant difference between the pyuria and non-pyuria groups regarding febrile UTI, emergency visits, and stone-free rate. Multivariate analysis revealed that pyuria was neither significantly associated with postoperative febrile UTI (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.06–18.10, P = 0.98), nor with emergency visits (OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.13–1.85, P = 0.29).

Conclusions
Compared to the patients with sterile urine prior to URSL, those with asymptomatic pyuria were not prone to develop febrile UTI after URSL.