bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initiating and Sustaining GSAs Across the District as Part of a Vision for Equity: A Case Study in Chicago Public Schools
Authors: Jarpe‐Ratner Elizabeth , Little D. , Benomar N. , Magdaleno J. Dominguez , Belcher K. , Liu J. , Marshall B. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIncreasingly, there are calls for educational equity to explicitly include LGBTQ+ students, including the creation of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer/questioning (LGBTQ+) clubs, or Genders and Sexualities Alliances (GSAs), which are associated with positive outcomes for LGBTQ+ students and promote a safer school climate for all students. However, less is known about strategies to initiate and sustain GSAs. Chicago Public Schools (CPS) serves as a case study of how to embrace LGBTQ+ equity through an evaluation of its current practices to support GSAs.MethodsThe study is comprised of two qualitative data strands, including 20 interviews with GSA sponsors and six focus groups with GSA students. Both forms of data were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed. Analyses from each set of data were integrated, and overall themes were generated.ResultsEleven school‐level strategies for initiating and sustaining GSAs were identified and six district‐level strategies were identified.ImplicationsCPS is using these evaluation findings to further strengthen their work to support GSAs, and other districts can learn from their experiences, such as creating guidance and training to educate the school community about the rights of students and sponsors and resources, including funding for stipends to sponsors.ConclusionIncreasing the number of schools with thriving GSAs is essential. CPS provides an illustrative case study of the key strategies at both the school and district levels to ensure that GSAs can serve to affirm, protect, and uplift LGBTQ+ students.
Odor‐Based Recognition of Canine Stress: Investigating Human Olfactory Perception
Authors: Gebele Nomi , Croy Ilona , Bräuer Juliane 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDuring the long domestication process, humans and dogs built a strong bond. Attachment in the dog–human relationship is characterized by successful communication and cooperation involving olfactory signals. It is known that dogs are able to smell stress in humans. In this study, we investigate whether humans can also smell stress in dogs and whether dog owners are better at identifying the smell of stressed dogs than non‐dog owners. Odor samples of four dogs were taken during a relaxed and stressed situation. A total of 20 dog owners and 20 non‐dog owners participated in the experiment in which they smelled the odor samples while blindfolded. Our results show that the participants were unable to correctly discriminate the smell of relaxed dogs from that of stressed dogs. Furthermore, dog owners did not perform better than non‐dog owners.
Consumer Perception of Novel Edible Films Produced by Single Cell Protein Derived From Cheese Whey Bio‐Valorization
Authors: Koukoumaki Danai Ioanna , Gkatzionis Konstantinos , Panagiotou Malamatenia , Sarris Dimitris 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSingle cell protein (SCP) refers to dry cells of microorganisms and can be produced through bioprocesses valorizing agricultural by‐products. SCP can be used in the production of edible films which attract growing interest as an environmentally friendly replacement of synthetic packaging materials. However, consumer's perception and acceptability of such alternative packaging require investigation. In this study SCP‐based edible films were developed biotechnologically through valorization of cheese whey and consumer perception was approached holistically including focus groups of the assessment of the edible packaging made from microbes suggesting food applications, packaging information, an online survey, eye‐tracking analysis of yogurt samples with edible films and sensory analysis of biscuits in edible packaging. Texture of SCP‐based edible films scored high; however, lower scores for odor were correlated with “spoiled”/”expired” odor for SCP‐based edible films. This comprehensive study of edible packaging from microorganisms demonstrated positive consumer attitudes and preferences and it could be proposed that the use of edible packaging from microorganisms is enforceable.
3‐Month Melatonin Supplementation to Reduce Brain Oxidative Stress and Improve Sleep in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomised Controlled Feasibility Trial
Authors: Menczel Schrire Zoe , Phillips Craig L. , Duffy Shantel L. , Marshall Nathaniel S. , Mowszowski Loren , La Monica Haley M. , Stranks Lachlan , Gordon Christopher J. , Chapman Julia L. , Saini Bandana , Naismith Sharon L. , Grunstein Ronald R. , Hoyos Camilla M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMelatonin has multiple proposed therapeutic benefits including antioxidant properties, circadian rhythm synchronisation and sleep promotion. Since these areas are also recognised risk factors for dementia, melatonin has been hypothesised to slow cognitive decline in older adults.Participants with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) were recruited from the community for a 12‐week randomised placebo‐controlled parallel, feasibility trial of 25 mg oral melatonin nightly. Primary outcomes were feasibility, acceptability, and tolerability. Secondary efficacy outcomes were brain oxidative stress, cognition, mood, and sleep at 12 weeks.Forty participants (mean [SD] age = 68.2 [4.7] years; 19 female) were randomised. Feasibility, defined as those who met eligibility criteria, was 42/389, 11%. Acceptability, determined by the proportion of eligible people who agreed to be randomised, was 40/44, 91%. Tolerability, determined by adherence to the nightly melatonin and completion of the main secondary outcome (Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy scan) was over the pre‐defined 80% threshold for all participants. The study was not powered to detect effectiveness. Accordingly, there were no significant differences between melatonin and placebo interventions in any of the secondary outcomes.The protocol was developed, and successfully implemented, with the planned number of eligible participants recruited. All participants were able to complete all aspects of the trial, including online visits and assessments, with no differences in adverse events between groups. This is promising for future trials, which should conduct the study with a larger sample size and longer duration to yield necessary efficacy data.
Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Galactooligosaccharide Administered In Ovo on Hatchability, Chick Quality, Performance, Caecal Histomorphology and Meat Quality Traits of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Mangan M. , Reszka P. , Połtowicz K. , Siwek M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe presented study explored the promising alternatives of in ovo injection with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LP) and galactooligosaccharide (GOS) in the poultry industry. The study aimed to assess the effects of probiotic and prebiotic on various aspects of poultry production. The study involved 300 Ross broiler eggs, individually candled on Day 7 of embryonic development. The eggs were sorted into four groups: negative control (no injection), positive control (0.9% physiological saline injection), GOS 3.5 mg/egg and LP 1 × 106 CFU/egg. The groups used during the incubation period were the same for the animal trial; each pen/group had 25 chickens. At the end of the experiment, 8 chickens from each group were slaughtered for tissue sample collection and 12 chickens were slaughtered to determine slaughter yield, carcass and meat quality. All data were analysed by one‐way ANOVA or repeated measured ANOVA except for the parameters that did not meet the assumption of normality, the Kruskal–Wallis test (Dunn's test) was used. Key findings revealed that hatchability remained unaffected across groups, indicating the safety of the in ovo injections. Both LP and GOS enhanced chick quality, as evidenced by improved body weight, Pasgar score and chick length. The in ovo administration of LP increased the body weight of the chickens during the first‐week post‐hatch (7 days of age) without impacting feed intake and feed conversion ratio in the later stages. The study demonstrated no adverse effects on meat quality due to the in ovo injection of LP and GOS. Additionally, a positive impact on caecal histomorphology was observed and early gut colonization of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacteria spp.) indicated potential benefits for intestinal health in broilers. In conclusion, the in ovo inoculation of 1 × 106 LP and 3.5 mg of GOS per egg increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. and showcased promising enhancements in chick quality without compromising growth performance, meat quality and caecal histomorphology. These findings suggest a positive outlook for these substances as a viable alternative for improving poultry health and productivity.
Utilizing the Ellik bladder evacuator during cystoscopic retrieval of urocystoliths in 12 dogs
Authors: Shamoun John , Vaden Shelly L. , Kendall Allison R. , Secoura Patricia L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundUrocystolithiasis is a common problem in dogs; many canine uroliths are resistant to medical dissolution. Novel management options would expand, and in some cases improve, current urolith retrieval strategies.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo describe a previously unreported technique by the Ellik bladder evacuator (EE) to assist in minimally invasive, cystoscopic retrieval of canine cystoliths.AnimalsTwelve client‐owned dogs presented with urocystolithiasis.MethodsIn this retrospective study, dog demographics, procedure type and duration, and clinical outcomes of dogs undergoing cystoscopic cystolith retrieval utilizing the EE are described.ResultsTwelve dogs underwent 13 cystoscopic procedures utilizing EE for cystolith retrieval. The EE was used in accordance with previously described techniques via a custom‐made adaptor. Ten dogs were spayed females; 8 different breeds were represented. In 8 of 13 procedures, transurethral cystoscopy alone by EE with or without wire basket or grasping forceps was performed with a median procedure duration of 36 minutes (range, 16‐52). In the other 5 procedures, additional interventions (ie, laser lithotripsy, percutaneous perineal approach, urethral stricture ballooning, ethanol parathyroid ablation) were performed as indicated with a median procedure duration 110 minutes (range, 42‐144). No complications were noted in association with the use of the EE; retrieval of cystoliths was complete in 12 of 13 procedures.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceUse of the EE during cystoscopy might aid in minimally‐invasive retrieval of cystoliths. This work provides a starting point for additional discussion regarding its benefit relative to current interventions.
Alban Berg's Op. 5/2 and the Concept of Recomposition
Authors: Lal Rajan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis article analyses the connection between two miniature works that are often casually compared but whose harmonic relationship has been theorised in only scant detail by existing scholarship. The second of the Sechs kleine Klavierstücke, Op. 19 (1911), Arnold Schoenberg's most‐discussed nine bars, provides a backdrop for scrutiny of the second piece from Alban Berg's Vier Stücke für Klarinette und Klavier, Op. 5 (1913). Drawing on Jack Boss's referential collection approach to Schoenberg's miniature (2019), this article suggests that the relationship between these two works can be thought of as recomposition. The slippery nature of this term and its myriad uses notwithstanding, in this instance recomposition involves the extraction of salient features from a predecessor work and the manipulation of such features in oblique directions within their new context, pulling apart the earlier entity at its seams to reveal a new stage of life. In essence, the new work stages a pupal eclosion. Though such a notion might appear superficially Bloomian, it in fact involves no anxiety of influence whatsoever. Rather, Op. 5/2 exists as a recomposition of Op. 19/2 because the fundamental tenets of Op. 19/2 were worth placing into chrysalis, a simultaneous acknowledgement of efficacy as old material is adapted for new context.
Glycosyltransferase‐Mediated Modulation of Reactive Oxygen Species Enhances Non‐host Resistance to PstDC3000 in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Liu Yingjun , Zhang Siyi , Sun Min , Hao Xingqian , Jin Pinyuan , Luo Sheng , Chen Jiao , Zhang Ting , Ge Shating , Zhang Huajian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNon‐host resistance (NHR) governs defense responses against a broad range of potential pathogen species in contrast with host resistance. To identify specific genes involved in disease resistance, we used a virus‐induced gene‐silencing screen in Nicotiana benthamiana and identified glycosyltransferase (NbGT) as an essential component of NHR. NbGT silencing enhanced the hypersensitivity response, reactive oxygen species response, and callose deposition in N. benthamiana, improving its NHR to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000. NbGT participated in reactive oxygen species accumulation caused by flg22 rather than coronatine and HrcC of Pst DC3000. Analyses of gene expression and enzyme activity demonstrated that NbGT‐silenced plants exhibited enhanced expression and elevated levels of superoxide dismutase, resulting in heightened accumulation of H2O2. In conclusion, NbGT‐silencing increases H2O2 accumulation by regulating superoxide dismutase activity during the immune response to flg22, enhancing resistance to Pst DC3000 in N. benthamiana. This research provides novel insights into the role of glycosyltransferases in NHR.
Upregulation of Urinary Alpha‐2‐HS Glycoprotein During Pregnancy of Murrah Buffaloes
Authors: Prasada Rao T. , Paramesh V. , Pranavi S. , Manasa V. , Kumar T. V. Sai , Padmaja K. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTUrine samples were systematically collected from inseminated Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 (with day 0 representing the day of artificial insemination). Following confirmation of pregnancy via trans rectal palpation 45 days of insemination, the animals were categorised into pregnant and non‐pregnant groups (n = 10 each). The urine samples on 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of pregnant and one sample from non‐pregnant preferably collected on 28th day was used for SDS‐PAGE after diafiltration. We focused on urine samples obtained on 28th day of insemination as it could contain high fetuin‐A levels associated with pregnancy. Each of the two urine samples from both the pregnant and non‐pregnant groups underwent purification through wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) affinity separation. The resulting fraction/elute was subsequently employed for the determination and validation of fetuin‐A through 1D SDS‐PAGE, western blotting and MALDI‐TOF analysis. The samples were used for measuring the concentration of fetuin‐A by ELISA. Fetuin‐A was significantly higher (1020.50 ± 19.75 mg/L) in pregnant Murrah buffalo urine than their non‐pregnant counterparts (86.5 ± 6.33 mg/L), with a p < 0.05. On SDS‐PAGE analysis, the WGA fractions revealed distinct protein bands, notably between ~54 to 70 kDa and slightly above ~91 kDa, in pregnant Murrah buffaloes compared with their non‐pregnant counterparts. Following confirmation of fetuin‐A at ~58 kDa through western blotting, the corresponding protein band was excised from the SDS gel and subjected to mass spectrometry for MALDI‐TOF analysis. Peptide mass fingerprinting, coupled with protein BLAST, confirmed the upregulated protein as Alpha2‐HS glycoprotein, also known as fetuin‐A. These findings are crucial for elucidating the presence of fetuin‐A in urine samples from pregnant Murrah buffaloes, offering valuable insights into their physiological status.
Mobility and Migration in the Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East: In Pursuit of Viable Heuristics for Interdisciplinary Study
Authors: Trinka Eric M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHistorians of the ancient Near East and Biblical Scholars have shown interest in movement and migration as features of ancient texts and ancient lived experience, but few have appreciatively integrated theoretical groundings from mobility or migration studies in their analyses. Through the addition of both theory and data, mobility and migration studies hold promise as interlocutory fields that can enrich understandings of movement and migration at various scales. Mobility and migration studies admittedly stand as dauntingly large fields. This article, therefore, provides initial guidance on what theoretical groundings from mobility and migration studies can be most useful for modeling and interpreting movement in the ancient Near East and in biblical sources. This necessary (re)focus on fundamental conceptual categories and terminological frameworks will further guide ongoing interdisciplinary studies of mobility and migration in the ancient past.
Robust Assessment of Post‐Localisation Hardening Behaviour in Eurofer97 Using Inverse Finite Element Methods
Authors: Spencer R. , Fletcher L. , Gorley M. , Hamelin C. , Harte A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTConstitutive behaviour of fusion‐relevant steels in the post‐necking regime is necessary for detailed design of future fusion device components. A finite element model updating (FEMU) procedure using digital image correlation (DIC), particle swarm optimisation (PSO) and a novel post‐necking constitutive law was developed. A DIC‐like strain filter was introduced within the optimisation loop to reduce cost function errors associated with spatial filtering of the DIC processing. The effects of the DIC process and experimental noise on the uncertainty of optimised parameters were quantified using synthetic image deformation techniques. For large plasticity problems, the effect of measurement system noise was found to be negligible. The FEMU method was applied to small‐scale specimens of Eurofer97 ferritic‐martensitic steel of two thicknesses. Strain rate sensitivity was found to be necessary to explain observed post‐UTS uniform strain due to delayed localisation onset. Local strain data from DIC measurements have been demonstrated to improve the accuracy of the identified constitutive model compared to global data alone. Additionally, DIC strain data can provide information to support the inclusion of additional model physics, such as rate sensitivity.
Uncovering Spatio‐Temporal Activity Patterns of Staying Behavior of Pedestrian Explorers Using Mobile Phone Navigation Trajectory
Authors: Chen Qianqian , Wu Hangbin , Hu Chenyu , Huang Wei , Liu Chun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTExplorers, who constitute a distinct subset within the mobility group, hold significant importance in mobility research. Explorers use mobile navigation software to navigate unfamiliar territories, with walking navigation users demonstrating superior accuracy in pinpointing unfamiliar locations compared with other transportation modes. This study leveraged the substantial walking navigation trajectories of mobile phones to analyze the activity patterns of explorers. Trajectory data were initially employed to extract walking trajectories using the LightGBM model. Subsequently, geometric feature‐based methods were used to extract the stay points of the walking trajectories. To overcome the limitations of point‐of‐interest (POI) data, this study integrated area of interest (AOI) data. The activity semantics of stay points were discerned using the gravity model and Bayes' rules to analyze the spatiotemporal patterns in exploratory stay point activities. This study combines OpenStreetMap map data and questionnaire responses to analyze and validate the proposed methodology.
Validation of Regional Positioning Service User Connections as Support in Update Cartography
Authors: Torrecillas Cristina , Ramos‐Sánchez Francisco J. , Marín‐Buzón Carmen , Verdú‐Vázquez Amparo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe significant demand for highly updated geospatial or cartographic information surpasses the capacity of the official agencies responsible for its generation. The procedure for updating official cartography, in some Spanish regions, can take more than three or 4 years. This long process depends to a large extent on the national planning of aerial flights, but also on actions linked to the updates of changes in their geodatabases. There are alternative non‐cartographic sources of geoinformation that can locate these variations more quickly than waiting for triannual orthophoto generation and reduce these times. This article focusses on a potential option derived from the location of users connections to a regional differential position corrections transmission system in Andalusia (Spain) used by surveyors. Three data selection studies are presented to evaluate this source for the detection of new or altered construction, covering the period 2008–2016. The results show a 95% success rate for new developments, 87% for new linear public works, and 72% for new urban services or facilities, validating its potential usefulness for updating cartography. The main advantages of this source lie in the speed of detection of an area under construction and in the definition of a preliminary boundary. The analysis of temporal statistics from this source, filtered by construction activities, can also be useful in targeting and prioritizing the mapping planning of public agencies and improving the effectiveness of false positive image‐to‐image change detection, reducing the time to update the official cartography.
Below and Beyond
Authors: Abrams Michael 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Entrepreneurs are looking for ways to drill deeper, cheaper, and more successfully than before by borrowing methods honed by the oil and gas industry. These startups are bringing enhanced geothermal power systems online that promise sustainable, zero-carbon electricity that is not dependent on the time of day or the local weather. The hope is that by capitalizing on more than a century of petroleum-industry expertise, geothermal wells can operate reliably and relatively inexpensively well into the next century.
A Customer Journey Mapping Approach With Mobile Application
Authors: Ding Yiqing , Lattin James M. , Buahin Awua M. , Dweck Gabriella A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Customer journey mapping (CJM) is a product and service design method that is widely used by design researchers and practitioners. It tracks the customer’s or user’s interactions with products and services during experiences and maps out significant changes in those experiences. While CJM has been praised for its ability to understand customer experiences from their perspectives (i.e., empathy building), it suffers from limitations such as limited sample sizes and cognitive biases, mostly due to its reliance on traditional ethnographic methods such as interviews, observations, and surveys. To address these issues, this article presents an approach to performing CJM with mobile applications (apps) and quantitatively analyzing the gathered data. By dividing CJM into data collection and analytics stages, challenges in each stage are tackled separately. In the data collection stage, a custom-built mobile app is designed to gather information on customer experiences. Then, a two-step data analysis approach is developed to gain insights into those experiences. To demonstrate the approach’s effectiveness in tracking customer experiences, it was applied to the errand experiences of students during the pandemic, and the results were compared with those from a parallel study using traditional CJM approaches. The findings demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed approach in performing CJM and showed that additional insights can be obtained through the proposed approach. This work provides a more effective and objective CJM approach for designers to understand their customers, thereby contributing toward the broader effort to develop reliable empathy-building design methods.