bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy outcomes in sexually transmitted infections or human immunodeficiency viruses infected women at a tertiary care center: a retrospective study
Authors: K. P. Saradha , Stephen Anitha Christy , Huddar Vikram V. 
Published: February 2021

<p><strong>Background: </strong>The natural history of HIV infection in early disease is not affected by pregnancy. In later stages there may be rapid disease progression leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Prevalence of HIV in India is 0.3% in pregnant women. With the advent of PPTCT, there have been a decline in the adverse pregnancy outcomes but still few adversities are reported. Aim of the study was to assess the various pregnancy outcomes in HIV positive women and the effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analytical study conducted from July 2017-June 2019 on HIV infected pregnant women. Their maternal age, CD4 count at diagnosis of HIV, after postpartum, mode of delivery, birth weight and HIV status of baby were noted and analyzed. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>18 HIV infected pregnant women were included. Their mean age was 25.6 years. 12 patients were in 2<sup>nd</sup> trimester and the rest in 1<sup>st</sup> trimester. All were on triple-drug (TEL) regimen. Three were diagnosed with HIV prior to conception and were already on ART. Remaining were detected at the time of ANC visit. All cases fall under stage I WHO clinical staging. Out of the 18 pregnant, two delivered by LSCS and the rest by normal delivery. All were term deliveries, with mean birth weight of 2.82 kg. One HIV infected baby was born by LSCS. The mean CD4 count at the time of diagnosis of HIV was 389 and at postpartum was 508. Overall, there was seen to be an increase in CD4 count without any adverse effects during ART.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prompt HIV diagnosis and ART initiation during antenatal period can have good pregnancy outcome and thereby reducing transmission to children.</p>
Clinico-etiological study of genital lesions at a tertiary care center in Pune, India
Authors: Tekam Prachiti S. , Belgaumkar Vasudha A. , Chavan Ravindranath B. , Deshmukh Nitika S. , Bhatt Neelam 
Published: February 2021

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disorders affecting the genitalia are a global health problem of significant magnitude. They comprise conditions which may or may not be sexually transmitted. Often it becomes impossible to make a reliable etiological diagnosis on clinical grounds alone. There is a paucity of data about the burden and pattern of genital disorders in our setting. This study was undertaken to identify the prevalent trends and clinic-etiological profile of genital lesions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>100 consecutive cases presenting with genital disorders to dermatology OPD of Sassoon General Hospital, Pune, India from June 2019 to March 2020, were enrolled in this observational, cross sectional study. Patients were subjected to thorough history, clinical examination and requisite microbiological and serological investigations. Etiological diagnosis was reached after correlation of history, clinical findings and investigations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>100 patients comprised 70 males and 30 females. Age group ranged from 2 months to 75 years (mean 37.8 years). Majority of patients belonged to 21-30 years age group. Total 78% patients had (STI) while 22% had non-STI. 13% were HIV sero-positive. 12% patients were diabetic. In 54% cases, microbiological findings confirmed the clinical diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study emphasizes that sexually transmitted infections continue to be a prominent cause of genital lesions, particularly in young sexually active individuals. However, various non-venereal dermatological disorders may manifest on the genitalia at any age, leading to diagnostic difficulty. A meticulous clinical examination supported by appropriate laboratory evaluation is the key to distinguish venereal and non-venereal dermatoses.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
Study on prevalence of Frank's sign in cardiac patients in a tertiary care centre, Kanyakumari district
Authors: Simon Nivin , Varghese Mulamoottil George , Pravin A. J. S. , Padmaprasad M. K. , Rajagopal S. , Bharathi M. Vijaya , I. Sushma 
Published: February 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Despite its identification over 40 years ago, very few dermatologists are aware of the relevance of Frank’s sign as a cutaneous indicator of coronary artery disease. Aim was to find out the prevalence of Frank's sign among cardiac patients attending a tertiary care centre in Kanyakumari district.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a cross-sectional case-control study involving 270 patients, out of which 200 patients with proven CAD (by angiography) and 70 patients without evidence of CAD of more than 40 years of age, in cardiac ward as well as patients attending Cardiology and dermatology OPD in Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, kanyakumari during a period of 5 months from August 2020 to December 2020. The data compiled included age, gender, presence of CAD, presence of DELC, grade of DELC, and laterality. <strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> DELC was present in 109 cases (40.3%) out of which 92 cases (34 %) had CAD and in 17 cases (6.3%) were without CAD, which was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There have been very few studies evaluating the frequency of DELC in South Indian patients with CAD. According to results of the present study, DELC was significantly associated with CAD. DELC was an important dermatological indicator of CAD with a moderately high specificity (75%) and positive predictive value (84%), but had a low sensitivity (46%) and negative predictive value (33%). </p>
Clinical correlation of foot eczema and patch test: a cross sectional study from South India
Authors: Fathima Sharim , Muhammed Kunnummal , Nandakumar Gopalapillai 
Published: February 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Foot eczema is caused by several exogenous or endogenous factors acting alone or in combination. Leather, rubber and adhesive components are the most common allergens. Patch test is performed to find out the allergen which helps clinician in subsequent patient management and improving the prognosis. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Total 50 patients with foot eczema were evaluated and patch test was performed with Indian standard series over 18 months period in a tertiary hospital in South India. <strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 50 patients 32 (64%) were females and 18 (36%) were males. Younger age group was mainly involved (second decade). An atopic back ground and seasonal exacerbation were contributory in many. Patch test was positive in 39 (78%) patients. The forefoot was predominantly involved part in 56% followed by dorsal aspect alone of the foot. Scaly plaque was the predominant morphological pattern seen in 25 (50%). Maximum number of patients (24%) showed positive reactions to potassium dichromate and the minimum (2%) to neomycin sulphate. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Though rubber and rubber chemicals were the common sensitizers causing foot eczema worldwide, our study found potassium dichromate to be the most common sensitizer which is one the components used in leather tanning and is a constituent of cement, soaps and detergents. </p>
Tathowwur Mafhum Al-Adab Al-‘Araby: Dirasah Lughawiyah Tarikhiyyah
Authors: Ramadhan Ilham , Haniah Haniah 
Published: February 2021

Arabic literature has other characteristics of world literature. Begins with the division of Arabic literature into historians and the concept of the meaning of "Adab al-‘Araby" varying from era to era. This simple writing will explain the different meanings of this field. Due to the pre-Islamic era, Arabic literature was a sense of food. The concept of literature in this era has been associated with banquet, meaning food that calls people to their food and performs this habit in the winter when the cold and the possibility of generosity to people. In the Islam era, the meaning of literature has changed to education and literature by the dakwah of Islam to people and its teachings and the refinement of souls. In the Umayyad era, the concept of literature became the meaning of education. In the Abbasid era literature was the sense of the call to Mahamad and Almkramm. In modern times came literature in the sense of the French (Litterature), which the French to write everything in the language.
Al-Kalam Al-Insya’I wa Ma’anihi fi Surati Al-Shaffat
Authors: Musyayyadah Muhimmatul 
Published: February 2021

Balāghah is a science that studies the style of language in a text or expression. Some kinds balāghah studies are ‘ilmu bayān, ‘ilmu ma’ānī, and ‘ilmu badī’. In this study, the researcher studied surah al-Sāffāt by using the study of balāghah ‘ilmu ma’ānī namely Kalām Inshā’ī. Kalām Inshā’ī is an expression that does not show truth or lies. Kalām Inshā’ī divided to two parts, that is kalām inshā’ī ṭalabī dan kalām inshā’ī ghairu ṭalabī. Through a qualitative descriptive approach, the present study reveals that there are 47 sentences consisting of kalām inshā’ī including: 16 amr (imperatives), 22 istifhām (interrogative), 2 tamannī, 4 nidā’, 2 qasm, and 1 madh.
O POLIAFETISMOE SUAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS JURÍDICAS: PLURALIDADE DE AFETOS, NEGAÇÃO DE DIREITOS?
Authors: Gonçalves da Costa Edgard 
Published: February 2021

As relações poliamorosas são uma realidade nas sociedades, inclusive na brasileira. Numa posição crítica à monogamia, o poliamor quebra tabus e preconceitos, clamando por reconhecimento social e jurídico. O patriarcalismo perde força no direito brasileiro, assim, o conceito de família é alargado, passando essa a ser constituída em formatos diversos. O poder patriarcal cede espaço para o poder familiar. O presente estudo é descritivo e explicativo, com abordagem qualitativa. Estabeleceu-se a seguinte pergunta: quais os amparos jurídicos são previstos pelo Direito Civil brasileiro para garantia de direitos aos praticantes do poliamor? Como objetivo geral buscou-se identificar os amparos normativos que são garantidos aos praticantes do poliamorismo. Os objetivos específicos são: a) analisar como as relações poliamorosas são desenvolvidas e que as diferenciam das outras práticas não monogâmicas; b) identificar, à luz do Direito Civil, quais garantias legais existem para que os praticantes do poliamor tenham seus direitos respeitados. Destacam-se no referencial teórico Pilão (2013; 2015) e Klesse (2006). A metodologia constitui-se na exploração teórica e jurisprudencial do tema do tema. A palavra poliamor e seus sinônimos referem-se a relações amorosas e afetivas estabelecidas consensualmente entre os envolvidos. Embora o Conselho Nacional de Justiça tenha proibido os cartórios de registram relações poliafetivas, no Brasil, seus praticantes buscam amparo na Constituição e no Direito Civil para garantia de seus direitos.
Palavras-chave: Direito Civil. Poliamor. Relação Poliamorosa.
Metabolic turnover and dynamics of RNA modifications by 13C labelling
Authors: Gameiro Paulo A , Foskolou Iosifina , Encheva Vesela , Santos Mariana Silva dos , MacRae James , Johnson Randall , Ule Jernej 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
RNA methylation is essential for appropriate assembly of ribonucleoprotein complexes.
Dynamics of RNA methylation is thus important, but we lack quantitative methods to comprehensively
assess it. We developed 13C-dynamods, an isotopic labelling approach using 13C-methyl-methionine, to
quantify the turnover of base modifications in newly synthesized RNA, which is effective in
distinguishing modifications in mRNAs from those in ncRNAs. This approach detected the presence of
N6,N6-dimethyladenosine (m62A) in mRNA and tRNA in mammalian cells, and uncovered distinct
kinetics of N-6-methyladenosine (m6A) and N-7-methylguanosine (m7G) in mRNA. Moreover, by
assessing RNA metabolism during T-cell activation, we showed how methylation dynamics is
coordinated with ribonucleotide biosynthesis. Finally, by quantification of methylation turnover and
ribonucleoside abundance, we uncover the post-transcriptional lability of m6A in response to metabolic
stress. Thus, 13C-dynamods enables studies of the origin, maintenance and biological regulation of RNA
modifications under steady-state and non-stationary conditions.
p16-3MR: a novel model to study cellular senescence in cigarette smoke-induced lung injuries during aging
Authors: Rahman Irfan , Kaur Gagandeep , Sundar Isaac 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Cellular senescence and lung aging are associated with the pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). COPD progresses with aging, and chronic smoking is the key susceptibility factor in lung pathological changes concurrent with biological aging. However, these processes involving cigarette smoke (CS)-mediated lung cellular senescence are difficult to distinguish. One of the impediments to study cellular senescence in relation to age-related lung pathologies is the lack of a suitable in vivo model. In view of this, we provide evidence that supports the suitability of p16-3MR mice to study cellular senescence in CS-mediated and age-related lung pathologies. p16-3MR mice has a trimodal reporter fused to the promoter of p16INK4a gene that enables detection, isolation and selective elimination of senescent cells, thus making it a suitable model to study cellular senescence. To determine its suitability in CS-mediated lung pathologies, we exposed young (12-14 months) and old (17-20 months) p16-3MR mice to 30-day CS exposure and studied the expression of senescent genes (p16, p21 and p53) and SASP-associated markers (MMP9, MMP12, PAI-1, and FN-1) in air- and CS-exposed mouse lungs. Our results showed that this model could detect cellular senescence using luminescence and isolate cells undergoing senescence with the help of tissue fluorescence in CS-challenged young and old mice. Our results from the expression of senescence markers and SASP-associated genes in CS-challenged young and old p16-3MR mice were comparable with increased lung cellular senescence and SASP in COPD. We further showed age-dependent alteration in the (i) tissue luminescence and fluorescence, (ii) mRNA and protein expressions of senescent markers and SASP genes, and (iii) SA-β-gal activity in CS-challenged young and old p16-3MR mice as compared to their air controls. Overall, we showed that p16-3MR is a competent model to study cellular senescence in age-related pathologies and could help understand the pathobiology of cellular senescence in lung conditions like COPD and fibrosis.
Dysfunction of EAAT3 enhances LPS-induced Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Ma Yulong , Hou Aisheng , Song Yuxiang , Sui Xin , Liu Wengang , Liu Min , Wang Yongan , Cao JiangBei , Mi Weidong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Studies have shown that excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAAT3) function inhibition is related to several neurodegenerative diseases. Our previous studies also found that the EAAT3 function is intimately linked to learning and memory. In this study, we examined the role of EAAT3 in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and explored the potential benefit of riluzole against POCD.
Methods

We measured EAAT3 protein expression in hippocampus of male mice at different ages. Next, we established a recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV)-mediated shRNA to knockdown EAAT3 expression in the hippocampus of adult male mice. And then the mice received 2µg of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intracerebroventricular microinjection to construct the POCD model. In addition, we intraperitoneally injected 4mg/kg of riluzole 2 days before LPS microinjection for consecutive 3 days in elderly male mice. Cognitive function was assessed using a Morris water maze 24h after LPS microinjection. Animal behavioral tests, as well as pathological and biochemical assays, were performed to clarify the role of EAAT3 function in POCD and evaluate the effect of activation of EAAT3 function by riluzole.
Results

We found that the expression of EAAT3 was significantly decreased in old mice and EAAT3 knockdown in hippocampus aggravated LPS-induced learning and memory deficits in adult male mice. LPS significantly inhibited hippocampal EAAT3 membrane protein expression and GluA1 protein phosphorylation level in adult male mice. Moreover, riluzole pretreatment significantly increased hippocampal EAAT3 membrane protein expression and ameliorated LPS-induced cognitive impairment in old male mice.
Conclusions

Our results demonstrated that the dysfunction of EAAT3 is an important risk factor for POCD susceptibility and riluzole may be a promising strategy for prevention and treating of POCD in the elderly people.
Modified gastric biopsy forceps as a flexible stylet-assisted nasogastrictube insertion in anesthetized and intubated patients: a prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Ruananukun Narut , Vijitpavan Amorn , Simasatikul Chutima 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Insertion of a nasogastric tube in an anesthetized intubated patient may be difficult. A nasogastric tube is prone to coil and kink during insertion. We hypothesize that gastric biopsy forceps can be used as a flexible stylet-assisted nasogastric tube insertion. It can improve the first-attempt success rate over the conventional blind technique during nasogastric tube insertion in the anesthetized intubated patient.
Methods

Eighty adult patients who required intraoperative nasogastric tube insertions were randomized to the gastric biopsy forceps assisted technique (stylet group) or the conventional blind technique (control group) for insertion of a nasogastric tube. The success rates, the duration of insertion, the incidences of coiling and kinking of a nasogastric tube, and the occurrences of complications were recorded.
Results

The first-attempt success rate was 92.5% in the stylet group compared with 65% in the control group (P = 0.013). The overall success rate was higher in the stylet group (100% vs 85%; P = 0.026). The mean time required to insert the nasogastric tube was shorter in the stylet group (24.85 ± 9.62 vs 62.4 ± 59.38 seconds; P = 0.002). The incidences of coiling and kinking were lower in the stylet group (7.5% vs 32.5%; P = 0.005). The incidence of minor bleeding was lower in the stylet group, but not statistically significant (2.5% vs 17.5%; P = 0.057). No other complications were observed in either of the groups.
Conclusion

The gastric biopsy forceps-assisted nasogastric tube insertion resulted in a higher success rate, less time for insertion, and lower incidence of coiling and kinking of a nasogastric tube than the conventional blind technique in anesthetized intubated patients without serious complications.
Trial registration:
Thai Clinical Trials Registry (www.clinicaltrials.in.th), TCTR20141018001 (19/09/2014).
Single Cell Sequencing Reveals Early PGC-like Intermediates During Mouse Primed to Naïve Transition
Authors: Liu Jing , Yu Shengyong , Zhou Chunhua , He Jiangping , Huang Xingnan , Yao Zhaokai , Zhu Hong , Cai Baomei , Xiao Lizhan , Liu He , Qin Yue , Guo Jing , Chen Yuhan , Wang Yixuan , Chen Shuyan , Zhang Man , Zhao Xiaoyang , Chen Jiekai , Cao Shangtao , Pei Duanqing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Single cell analysis provides clarity unattainable with bulk approaches. Here we apply single cell RNA-seq to a newly established BMP4 induced mouse primed to naive transition (Bi-PNT) system and show that the reset is not a direct reversal of cell fate but through developmental intermediates. We first show that mEpiSCs bifurcate into c-Kit+ naïve and c-Kit- placenta-like cells, among which, the naive branch undergoes further transition through a primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) intermediate capable of spermatogenesis in vivo. Indeed, deficiency of Prdm1/Blimp1, the key regulator for PGC specification, blocks the induction of PGCLCs and naïve cells. Instead, Gata2 knockout arrests placenta-like fate, but facilitates the generation of PGCLCs. Our results not only reveal a newly cell fate dynamics between primed and naive states at single-cell resolution, but also provide a model system to explore mechanisms involved in regaining germline competence from primed pluripotency.
The effect of sodium bicarbonate administration on renal function: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Tavassoly Mohammad , Moeinzadeh Firouzeh , Hejazi Elham-Sadat , Clark Cain C. T. , Rouhani Mohammad Hossein 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Metabolic acidosis is a prevalent condition in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although sodium bicarbonate is extensively used for management of metabolic acidosis, its efficacy has not been summarized in previous review studies.
Objective

To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the overall effects of sodium bicarbonate on indices of renal function in patients with CKD.
Methods

A systematic literature search was carried out through the Medline, Web of Science and Scopus databases, up to July 2020. Studies that reported the effects of oral sodium bicarbonate administration on renal function were included. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and creatinine clearance were defined as renal function indices. A random-effects model was used to calculate the overall effect and reported as weighted mean difference (WMD).
Results

Thirteen studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. A beneficial effect of sodium bicarbonate was observed on BUN (WMD: − 8.63 mg/dL; 95% CI: -11.08, -6.19), serum creatinine (WMD: -0.19 mg/dL; 95% CI: -0.36, -0.02), GFR (WMD: 0.75 ml/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI: 0.14, 1.35), and creatinine clearance (WMD: 4.82 mL/min; 95% CI: 2.68, 6.96). There was no between study heterogeneity for all renal function indices. Also, no publication bias was observed in this study.
Conclusion

This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that sodium bicarbonate supplementation could increase GFR and creatinine clearance and decrease BUN and creatinine. Therefore, sodium bicarbonate therapy may efficacious in ameliorating the progression of CKD.