bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Cardiovascular Cost of Silence: Relationships Between Self-silencing and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Midlife Women
Authors: Jakubowski Karen P , Barinas-Mitchell Emma , Chang Yue-Fang , Maki Pauline M , Matthews Karen A , Thurston Rebecca C 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Individuals engage in a range of behaviors to maintain close relationships. One behavior is self-silencing or inhibiting self-expression to avoid relationship conflict or loss. Self-silencing is related to poor mental health and self-reported physical health in women but has not been examined in relation to cardiovascular health, particularly using direct measures of the vasculature.

Purpose
To test associations between self-silencing and carotid atherosclerosis in midlife women; secondary analyses examined moderation by race/ethnicity.

Methods
Women (N = 290, ages 40–60) reported on self-silencing in intimate relationships and underwent physical measurements, blood draw, and ultrasound assessment of carotid intima–media thickness (IMT) and plaque. Associations between self-silencing and mean IMT and plaque index (0, 1, ≥2) were tested in linear regression and multinomial logistic regression models, respectively, followed by interaction terms between self-silencing and race, adjusted for demographic factors, CVD risk factors, partner status, depression, physical activity, and diet.

Results
Forty-seven percent of women demonstrated carotid plaque. Greater self-silencing was related to increased odds of plaque index ≥2 (e.g., for each additional point, odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.16 [1.03–1.31], p = .012), relative to no plaque). Moderation analyses indicated that self-silencing was related to odds of plaque index ≥2 in non-white women (1.15 [1.05–1.26], p = .004), but there was no significant relationship in white women (1.01 [0.97–1.06], p = .550). No associations emerged for IMT.

Conclusions
Among midlife women, self-silencing was associated with carotid plaque, independent of CVD risk factors, depression, and health behaviors. Emotional expression in relationships may be important for women’s cardiovascular health.
Parthenogenesis and Sex-Ratio Distorting Bacteria inEmpoasca(Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) Leafhoppers
Authors: Aguin-Pombo Dora , Rodrigues Marilia C P A , Voetdijk Betsie , Breeuwer Johannes A J 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEndosymbiotic bacteria can induce parthenogenesis in many haplo-diploid species, but little is known about their role in asexual reproduction in diplodiploids. Bacteria are essential for reproduction in the asexual lineages of springtails and booklice, and possibly some weevils, but whether they are the causative agent of parthenogenesis remains to be proven. This would require comparing unisexual forms and their closely related bisexual species, but such model species are very rare. Empoasca leafhoppers from the Madeira Archipelago provide an excellent case to test whether bacterial infections can cause parthenogenesis. Here we examined the diversity of the sex-distorting bacteria, Wolbachia, Cardinium, Rickettsia, and Arsenophonus, in three apomictic morphotypes (A, B, C) and three bisexual relatives of Empoasca. Wolbachia of group B was present in all unisexual and bisexual species. Rickettsia were the only bacteria restricted to the three unisexual forms, suggesting an association between infection and asexual reproduction. In addition, we found Asaia for the third time in the Cicadellidae, although this may have little to do with the reproductive mode of its host. Adult females of morphotype C reared on plants watered with tetracycline solution did not result in the production of male offspring. To our knowledge, this is the first study to suggest a possible association between bacterial infection and parthenogenesis in apomictic XO/XX diplodiploid bisexual species based on a range of sex ratio-distorting bacteria.
Survival and outcomes for stroke survivors living in care homes: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Clery Amanda , Martin Finbarr C , Redmond Patrick , Marshall Iain , McKevitt Christopher , Sackley Catherine , Manthorpe Jill , Wolfe Charles , Wang Yanzhong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Stroke survivors living in care homes require high levels of support with everyday living. The aims of this study were to describe the survival, health status and care received by stroke survivors living in care homes at 1-year post-stroke, compared with those in their own homes.

Methods
A total of 3,548 stroke survivors with a first ever stroke between 1998 and 2017 in the South London Stroke Register were identified for survival analysis. A total of 2,272 were included in the 1-year follow-up analysis. Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier plots were used to describe survival, stratified into four 5-year cohorts. Health status, medications and rehabilitation received at 1-year post-stroke were compared using descriptive statistics.

Results
Over the 20-year period, survival improved for stroke survivors discharged to their own home (P &lt; 0.001) but not for those discharged to care homes (P = 0.75). Care home residents were highly disabled (median Barthel index: 6/20, interquartile range: 2–10). Rates of secondary stroke prevention medications at 1-year follow-up increased over time for care home residents, including antiplatelets from 12.3 to 38.1%, although still lower than for those in their own homes (56.3%). Speech and language problems were common in the care home population (40.0%), but only 16% had received speech and language therapy.

Conclusions
Rates of secondary stroke prevention prescribing increased over 20 years but remained lower in care home residents. The lower levels of rehabilitation received by stroke survivors in care homes, despite their higher levels of disability, suggest a gap in care and urgent need for restorative and/or preventative rehabilitation.
libOmexMeta: enabling semantic annotation of models to support FAIR principles
Authors: Welsh Ciaran , Nickerson David P , Rampadarath Anand , Neal Maxwell L , Sauro Herbert M , Gennari John H 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Summary
As the number and complexity of biosimulation models grows, so do demands for tools that can help users better understand models and make those models more findable, shareable and reproducible. Consistent model annotation is a step toward these goals. Both models and tools are written in a variety of different languages; thus, the community has recognized the need for standard, language-independent methods for annotation. Based on the Computational Modeling in Biology Network community consensus, we introduce an open-source, cross-platform software library for semantic annotation of models.

Availability and implementation
libOmexMeta is freely available at https://github.com/sys-bio/libOmexMeta under the Apache License 2.0. A live demonstration is at github.com/sys-bio/pyomexmeta-binder-notebook.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Epidemiology of Brucellosis in California, 1993–2017: A Continuing Foodborne Disease Risk for Older Latinos
Authors: Fritz Curtis L , Nguyen Alyssa , Vugia Duc J 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Brucellosis is a severe occupational or foodborne zoonosis throughout much of the world. Although eradicated from domestic cattle in the United States, brucellosis remains a disease risk to people through acquisition and consumption of animal products from endemic countries.

Methods
Cases of human brucellosis reported through the California public health disease surveillance network were reviewed for 1993 to 2017.

Results
From 1993 to 2017, 492 cases of brucellosis were reported in California residents. Persons aged &gt;65 years represented less than 20% of cases, but incidence in this age group (0.94 cases per 1 000 000 population per year) was more than twice the incidence in persons aged &lt;19 years (0.44). Incidence was 10 to 20 times greater among Latinos compared with non-Latinos across all age groups and both sexes. Brucella melitensis was identified in 80% of patients for whom cultured Brucella were identified to the species level. Of 187 case patients who reported consuming specifically unpasteurized dairy products, more than 90% reported acquiring these products from outside of the United States, most commonly from Mexico. In the latter half of the study period (2006–2017), 73% of Latino case patients who reported consuming dairy products mentioned specifically Mexican-style soft cheese (queso fresco).

Conclusions
This study underscores the continuing serious health threat of brucellosis for Latinos in California, particularly older men, and the need for targeted public health messaging on preventing the risk presented by importation and consumption of unpasteurized dairy products from outside of the United States, principally Mexico.
Multiculturalism, Biotechnology, and Biopolitics in Zadie Smith’sWhite Teeth
Authors: Johnston Justin Omar 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article traces the critical reception of Zadie Smith’s debut novel White Teeth (2000) to argue that both neoliberal and neoconservative interpretations of her work (and personal celebrity) have distorted the novel’s critique of contemporary biopolitics as a project of debilitating inclusion and racial eugenics. Rather than treating White Teeth as a “hysterical” or “naive” celebration of multiculturalism, this essay, focused on the ending of the novel, instead argues that White Teeth not only anticipates criticisms of multiculturalism as an inadequate model of belonging but also, more importantly, demonstrates a biopolitical understanding of race as a category that manages the distribution of life chances in postcolonial Britain. Drawing on work by Jasbir Puar, Achille Mbembe, and Luce Irigaray, this reframing of White Teeth opens new connections between her early work and her more recent “pessimistic” novels, such as Swing Time.
Changes of stent-graft orientation after frozen elephant trunk treatment in aortic dissection
Authors: Osswald Anja , Schucht Robert , Schlosser Thomas , Jánosi Rolf Alexander , Thielmann Matthias , Weymann Alexander , Ruhparwar Arjang , Tsagakis Konstantinos 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Our goal was to evaluate the extent of stent-graft (SG) elastic recoil in the descending aorta after the frozen elephant trunk procedure in acute (AAD) and chronic (CAD) aortic dissection as well as the impact of SG movement on distal stent graft-induced new entry (d-SINE).

METHODS
We retrospectively analysed 149 (105 AAD, 44 CAD) of 259 aortic dissection patients after the frozen elephant trunk procedure between January 2005 and April 2019. Inclusion criteria were at least 1-year computed tomography angiography (CTA) aortic examinations during a follow-up time of 3.8 ± 2.7 years and absence of open or endovascular reintervention. Multiplanar reconstruction of CTA scans was used to define the SG vector position and movement in a virtual Cartesian coordinate system. The angle φ of vector movement and changes of aortic areas at the distal landing zone were analysed.

RESULTS
The distal SG position changed over time in the cranial (10.06 ± 11.12 mm), dorsal (8.45 ± 11.12 mm) and lateral (4.96 ± 9.89 mm) directions (P &lt; 0.001). The total change of φ (4.08 ± 7.03°) was greater in AAD than in CAD (P = 0.026). d-SINE was more common in CAD (P &lt; 0.001) and was associated with the size of the aortic area, aortic area enlargement and continuous SG unfolding (P &lt; 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
With the frozen elephant trunk technique, movement and change of SG orientation in the descending aorta were observed over time. Elastic recoil was greater in AAD than in CAD. The incidence of d-SINE was particularly dependent on the size of the aortic lumen and SG radial expansion and less on elastic recoil.
Targeting non-pulmonary vein triggers in persistent atrial fibrillation: results from a prospective, multicentre, observational registry
Authors: Della Rocca Domenico G , Di Biase Luigi , Mohanty Sanghamitra , Trivedi Chintan , Gianni Carola , Romero Jorge , Tarantino Nicola , Magnocavallo Michele , Bassiouny Mohamed , Natale Veronica N , Mayedo Angel Quintero , Macdonald Bryan , Lavalle Carlo , Murtaza Ghulam , Akella Krishna , Forleo Giovanni B , Al-Ahmad Amin , Burkhardt John David , Gallinghouse Gerald Joseph , Sanchez Javier E , Horton Rodney P , Viles-Gonzalez Juan F , Lakkireddy Dhanunjaya , Natale Andrea 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Aims
We evaluated the efficacy of an ablation strategy empirically targeting pulmonary veins (PVs) and posterior wall (PW) and the prevalence and clinical impact of extrapulmonary trigger inducibility and ablation in a large cohort of patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (PerAF).

Methods and Results
A total of 1803 PerAF patients were prospectively enrolled. All patients underwent pulmonary vein antrum isolation (PVAI) extended to the entire PW. A standardized protocol was performed to confirm persistent PVAI and elicit any triggers originating from non-PV sites. All non-PV triggers initiating sustained atrial tachyarrhythmias were ablated. Ablation of non-PV sites triggering non-sustained runs (&lt;30 s) of atrial tachyarrhythmias or promoting frequent premature atrial complexes (≥10/min) was left to operator’s discretion. Overall, 1319 (73.2%) patients had documented triggers from non-PV areas. After 17.4 ± 8.5 months of follow-up, the cumulative freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmias among patients without inducible non-PV triggers (n = 484) was 70.2%. Patients with ablation of induced non-PV triggers had a significantly higher arrhythmia control than those whose triggers were not ablated (67.9% vs. 39.4%, respectively; P &lt; 0.001). After adjusting for clinically relevant variables, patients in whom non-PV triggers were documented but not ablated had an increased risk of arrhythmia relapse (hazard ratio: 2.39; 95% confidence interval: 2.01–2.83; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
Pulmonary vein antrum isolation extended to the entire PW might provide acceptable long-term arrhythmia-free survival in PerAF patients without inducible non-PV triggers. In our population of PerAF patients, non-PV triggers could be elicited in ∼70% of PerAF patients and their elimination significantly improved outcomes.
New-onset atrial fibrillation in critically ill acute kidney injury patients on renal replacement therapy
Authors: Hellman Tapio , Uusalo Panu , Järvisalo Mikko Johannes 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Aims
The effect of new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) on mortality in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) requiring continuous veno-venous haemodialysis (CVVHD) or intermittent haemodialysis (IHD) is unknown. Thus, we examined the incidence of NOAF in critically ill AKI patients undergoing CVVHD or IHD and the association between the timing of NOAF incidence in relation to renal replacement therapy (RRT) initiation and 1-year mortality.

Methods and results
Out of the 733 consecutively recruited ICU patients requiring RRT within the study period of 2010–2019, 516 patients without prior atrial fibrillation history were included in this retrospective study. Clinical comorbidities, medications and biochemistry as well as outcome data for 1-year all-cause mortality were recorded. Episodes of NOAF were collected from the pooled rhythm data covering the entire ICU stay of every patient. The median age was 64 (inter-quartile range 19) years, 165 (32%) were female, and 356 and 160 patients received CVVHD and IHD, respectively. NOAF was observed in 190 (37%) patients during ICU care and 217 (42%) patients died within the 1-year follow-up. Incident NOAF was independently associated with 1-year mortality in the multivariable logistic regression analysis after adjusting for dialysis modality, need for mechanical ventilation or vasopressor support and Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation II score. However, NOAF diagnosed after RRT initiation was not associated with mortality.

Conclusion
NOAF emerging before RRT initiation is associated with increased mortality in critically ill AKI patients requiring RRT. However, NOAF during RRT does not seem to be associated with mortality.
Dynamic localization of DNA topoisomerase I and its functional relevance during Drosophila development
Authors: Huang Wuqiang , Liu Zhiping , Rong Yikang S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
DNA topoisomerase I (Top1) maintains chromatin conformation during transcription. While Top1 is not essential in simple eukaryotic organisms such as yeast, it is required for the development of multicellular organisms. In fact, tissue and cell-type-specific functions of Top1 have been suggested in the fruit fly Drosophila. A better understanding of Top1’s function in the context of development is important as Top1 inhibitors are among the most widely used anticancer drugs. As a step toward such a better understanding, we studied its localization in live cells of Drosophila. Consistent with prior results, Top1 is highly enriched at the nucleolus in transcriptionally active polyploid cells, and this enrichment responds to perturbation of transcription. In diploid cells, we uncovered evidence for Top1 foci formation at genomic regions not limited to the active rDNA locus, suggestive of novel regulation of Top1 recruitment. In the male germline, Top1 is highly enriched at the paired rDNA loci on sex chromosomes suggesting that it might participate in regulating their segregation during meiosis. Results from RNAi-mediated Top1 knockdown lend support to this hypothesis. Our study has provided one of the most comprehensive descriptions of Top1 localization during animal development.
Mitigating bias in inversion of InSAR data resulting from radar viewing geometries
Authors: Dumont Quentin , Cayol Valérie , Froger Jean-Luc 
Published: June 2021

SUMMARYInSAR data acquired from ascending and descending orbits are often characterized by different magnitudes of the observed line-of-sight displacements, which may potentially bias inverse models. Using synthetic numerical models of dyke intrusions, we show that biased solutions are obtained when carrying out ‘conventional’ inversions where only observation and modelling errors are taken into consideration. To mitigate the impact of the relative magnitudes of the data, we propose two methods: a covariance weighting inversion and a wrapped data inversion. These methods are compared to a conventional inversion using synthetic data generated by models of dykes of known geometry. We find that the covariance weighting method allows to retrieve an initial source geometry better than the other methods. These methods are then applied to the July 2017 eruption of Piton de la Fournaise. Using a covariance weighting inversion, the difference in fit between data sets decreases from 50% to 20 % and the newly estimated source is in better agreement with the geological context.
Source characteristics and seismotectonic implications of the 26 September 2019Mw 5.7 Silivri High-Kumburgaz Basin earthquake and evaluation of its aftershocks at the North Anatolian Fault Zone (Central Marmara Sea, NW Turkey)
Authors: Irmak Tahir Serkan , Yolsal-Çevikbilen Seda , Eken Tuna , Doğan Bülent , Erman Ceyhun , Yavuz Evrim , Alçık Hakan , Gaebler Peter , Pınar Ali , Taymaz Tuncay 
Published: June 2021

SUMMARYThe Central Marmara Sea region hosts the northwestern branch of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) with its known seismic gap between the 1912 Ganos (Mw 7.2) and 1999 Izmit (Mw 7.4) major devastating earthquakes and thus poses a significant seismic hazard potential for the megacity Istanbul. The 26 September 2019 Mw 5.7 Silivri High-Kumburgaz Basin (central Marmara Sea) earthquake ruptured a thrust fault with a minor strike-slip component at the north of the eastern end of this gap relatively in the shallow depth (h= 8 km) range. Thus, in this study, we examine source properties of the main shock activity and coseismic behaviour of the failure, and the pattern of post-seismic deformation based on the aftershock distribution to have an insight into the role of the subsidiary and main fault structures on the crustal kinematics along this complicated branch of the NAFZ. The relocated epicentres are aligned in the E–W direction and tend to propagate towards the segments to the east of the main shock. The detected aftershock activity appears to focus on the east side of the main shock and almost no seismic activity was observed to the west of the epicentre. Independent investigations from coda-wave fitting, point-source, and finite-fault slip modelling agree on the moment magnitude of Mw5.7 for the 26 September 2019 main shock. The kinematic rupture model of this event implied that the main rupture nucleated around the hypocentre, and then propagated bilaterally along the E–W direction but with significant progress towards the east. The distribution of the slip vectors indicates that the rupture evolved on a dextral thrust fault plane. The spatio-temporal behaviour of the overall aftershocks sequence, their focal mechanism solutions and our kinematic slip model clearly shows that the existing secondary structures developed in simple shear dextral deformation are likely responsible for the main shock activity. We conclude that such type of deformation model results in a motion in response to the thrust faulting with strike-slip component with an N89°W (271°) orientation and 33°NE dipping at left stepover transpressional region on the NAFZ.
Lateral fluid propagation and strike slip fault reactivation related to hydraulic fracturing and induced seismicity in the Duvernay Formation, Fox Creek area, Alberta
Authors: Konstantinovskaya Elena , Li Qiuguo , Zhmodik Alexey , Ibelegbu Charles , Schultz Ryan , Shipman Todd 
Published: June 2021

SUMMARY
Fault shear slip potential is analysed in the area where induced earthquakes (up to 3.9 Mw) occurred in May–June 2015 approximately 30 km south of Fox Creek, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, Canada. The induced earthquakes were generated by the hydraulic fracturing of the Upper Devonian Duvernay Formation. Interpretation of a 3-D seismic survey and analysis of the ant tracking attribute identifies a linear discontinuity that likely represents a subvertical fault with strike length of 1.4 km, which is aligned with the zone of induced earthquake hypocentres. 1-D–3-D geomechanical modelling is conducted to characterize mechanical rock properties, initial reservoir pressure and stress field. Hydraulic fracture propagation and reservoir pressure buildup simulations are run to analyse lateral fluid pressure diffusion during well treatment. The interaction of natural fractures introduced as Discrete Fracture Network and hydraulic fractures is tested. 3-D poroelastic reservoir geomechanical modelling is completed to simulate slip reactivation of the identified fault zone. The obtained results support that additional pressure buildup of 20 MPa in treatment wells can propagate laterally along hydraulic fractures (and potentially natural fracture network) for about 550 m and reach the fault zone. The increase of fluid pressure by 20 MPa in the fault zone results in dextral slip along the fault, mostly in the interval of the Duvernay and overlying Ireton Formations, corroborating prior focal mechanism results and hypocentral depths. The simulations indicate that lateral transmission of additional fluid pressure from the fracturing stimulation area to the fault zone could happen in a few days after the treatment of lateral wells that is supported by the observed induced earthquakes. This study helps to quantify changes in fluid pressure and stresses that may result in fault shear slip during hydraulic fracturing and predict the potential of induced seismicity connected to hydrocarbon production from the Duvernay Play.