bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in multiple myeloma patients and the impact of vitamin D levels, a cross-sectional study
Authors: Oortgiesen B. E. , Kroes J. A. , Scholtens P. , Hoogland J. , Dannenberg - de Keijzer P. , Siemes C. , Jansman F. G. A. , Kibbelaar R. E. , Veeger N. J. G. M. , Hoogendoorn M. , van Roon E. N. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is common in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We hypothesized that the relationship between hypovitaminosis D and PN described in diabetes mellitus patients may also be present in MM patients.

Methods
To study this potential association, we assessed the incidence of hypovitaminosis D (vitamin D < 75 nmol/L [= 30 ng/mL]) in smouldering and active MM patients in two Dutch hospitals. Furthermore, a validated questionnaire was used to distinguish different PN grades.

Results
Of the 120 patients included between January 2017 and August 2018, 84% had an inadequate vitamin D level (median vitamin D level 49.5 nmol/L [IQR 34–65 nmol/L]; mean age: 68 years [SD ± 7.7]; males: 58%). PN was reported by 69% of patients (n = 83); however, of these 83 patients, PN was not documented in the medical records of 52%. An association was found between lower vitamin D levels and higher incidence of PN in the total population (P = 0.035), and in the active MM patients (P = 0.016).

Conclusion
This multi-centre cohort study showed that PN and hypovitaminosis D are common in MM patients, and addressing low vitamin D levels in the treatment of MM patients might be beneficial in reducing the risk of PN. More attention for PN is warranted, as PN is underreported by clinicians. Further research is needed to fully understand the implications of vitamin D in the development of PN in patients with MM.

Clinical trial registration
Netherland Trial Register NL5835, date of registration July 28, 2016
Distress among cancer patients attending rehabilitation in the community
Authors: Kuo Ann 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to identify sources of distress among cancer patients attending rehabilitation in the community.

Methods
Participants were 430 patients recruited from a cancer rehabilitation center in Singapore between 2017 and 2018, who had rated their distress using the distress thermometer (DT) and indicated associated problems on the problem list. Chi-square tests were used to detect differences in the reported symptoms among three age groups. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify symptom clusters. Partial correlational analysis was then performed to examine the relationship between distress, symptom clusters, and age controlling for gender and cancer type.

Results
About 30% of the participants reported distress ≥ 5 on the DT (mean 3.3 ± 2.5), and the mean number of problems endorsed was 8 ± 6. A higher total number of reported problems (r = .63) and younger age (r =  − .21) were associated with increased distress. The younger age group also reported more problems surrounding emotions, finance, work/school, children-related issues, and physical symptoms such as sleep and nausea. Of the 12 factors identified, 9 psychosocial and physical symptom clusters correlated with distress (r ranging from .12 to .41). All results were statistically significant after adjustment (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion
Younger survivors are more at risk of distress and report greater role functioning concerns related to childcare, partner relationship, and work participation. Age-tailored and multimodal interventions may be necessary to adequately address age-related differences and help coordinate management of multiple symptom clusters across physical and psychosocial concerns.
The stochastic aeroelastic response analysis of helicopter rotors using deep and shallow machine learning
Authors: Chatterjee Tanmoy , Essien Aniekan , Ganguli Ranjan , Friswell Michael I. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper addresses the influence of manufacturing variability of a helicopter rotor blade on its aeroelastic responses. An aeroelastic analysis using finite elements in spatial and temporal domains is used to compute the helicopter rotor frequencies, vibratory hub loads, power required and stability in forward flight. The novelty of the work lies in the application of advanced data-driven machine learning (ML) techniques, such as convolution neural networks (CNN), multi-layer perceptron (MLP), random forests, support vector machines and adaptive Gaussian process (GP) for capturing the nonlinear responses of these complex spatio-temporal models to develop an efficient physics-informed ML framework for stochastic rotor analysis. Thus, the work is of practical significance as (i) it accounts for manufacturing uncertainties, (ii) accurately quantifies their effects on nonlinear response of rotor blade and (iii) makes the computationally expensive simulations viable by the use of ML. A rigorous performance assessment of the aforementioned approaches is presented by demonstrating validation on the training dataset and prediction on the test dataset. The contribution of the study lies in the following findings: (i) The uncertainty in composite material and geometric properties can lead to significant variations in the rotor aeroelastic responses and thereby highlighting that the consideration of manufacturing variability in analyzing helicopter rotors is crucial for assessing their behaviour in real-life scenarios. (ii) Precisely, the substantial effect of uncertainty has been observed on the six vibratory hub loads and the damping with the highest impact on the yawing hub moment. Therefore, sufficient factor of safety should be considered in the design to alleviate the effects of perturbation in the simulation results. (iii) Although advanced ML techniques are harder to train, the optimal model configuration is capable of approximating the nonlinear response trends accurately. GP and CNN followed by MLP achieved satisfactory performance. Excellent accuracy achieved by the above ML techniques demonstrates their potential for application in the optimization of rotors under uncertainty.
“Omics” in traumatic brain injury: novel approaches to a complex disease
Authors: Abu Hamdeh Sami , Tenovuo Olli , Peul Wilco , Marklund Niklas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
To date, there is neither any pharmacological treatment with efficacy in traumatic brain injury (TBI) nor any method to halt the disease progress. This is due to an incomplete understanding of the vast complexity of the biological cascades and failure to appreciate the diversity of secondary injury mechanisms in TBI. In recent years, techniques for high-throughput characterization and quantification of biological molecules that include genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have evolved and referred to as omics.

Methods
In this narrative review, we highlight how omics technology can be applied to potentiate diagnostics and prognostication as well as to advance our understanding of injury mechanisms in TBI.

Results
The omics platforms provide possibilities to study function, dynamics, and alterations of molecular pathways of normal and TBI disease states. Through advanced bioinformatics, large datasets of molecular information from small biological samples can be analyzed in detail and provide valuable knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms, to include in prognostic modeling when connected to clinically relevant data. In such a complex disease as TBI, omics enables broad categories of studies from gene compositions associated with susceptibility to secondary injury or poor outcome, to potential alterations in metabolites following TBI.

Conclusion
The field of omics in TBI research is rapidly evolving. The recent data and novel methods reviewed herein may form the basis for improved precision medicine approaches, development of pharmacological approaches, and individualization of therapeutic efforts by implementing mathematical “big data” predictive modeling in the near future.
Atomoxetine and circadian gene expression in human dermal fibroblasts from study participants with a diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Faltraco Frank , Palm Denise , Uzoni Adriana , Simon Frederick , Tucha Oliver , Thome Johannes 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAtomoxetine (ATO) is a second line medication for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We proposed that part of the therapeutic profile of ATO may be through circadian rhythm modulation. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the circadian gene expression in primary human-derived dermal fibroblast cultures (HDF) after ATO exposure. We analyzed circadian preference, behavioral circadian and sleep parameters as well as the circadian gene expression in a cohort of healthy controls and participants with a diagnosis of ADHD. Circadian preference was evaluated with German Morningness-Eveningness-Questionnaire (D-MEQ) and rhythms of sleep/wake behavior were assessed via actigraphy. After ex vivo exposure to different ATO concentrations in HDF cultures, the rhythmicity of circadian gene expression was analyzed via qRT-PCR. No statistical significant effect of both groups (healthy controls, ADHD group) for mid-sleep on weekend days, mid-sleep on weekdays, social jetlag, sleep WASO and total number of wake bouts was observed. D-MEQ scores indicated that healthy controls had no evening preference, whereas subjects with ADHD displayed both definitive and moderate evening preferences. ATO induced the rhythmicity of Clock in the ADHD group. This effect, however, was not observed in HDF cultures of healthy controls. Bmal1 and Per2 expression showed a significant ZT × group interaction via mixed ANOVA. Strong positive correlations for chronotype and circadian genes were observed for Bmal1, Cry1 and Per3 among the study participants. Statistical significant different Clock, Bmal1 and Per3 expressions were observed in HDFs exposed to ATO collected from ADHD participants exhibiting neutral and moderate evening preference, as well as healthy participants with morning preferences. The results of the present study illustrate that ATO impacts on circadian function, particularly on Clock, Bmal1 and Per2 gene expression.
Remdesivir shifts circadian rhythmicity to eveningness; similar to the most prevalent chronotype in ADHD
Authors: Faltraco Frank , Palm Denise , Coogan Andrew , Uzoni Adriana , Duwe Isabell , Simon Frederick , Tucha Oliver , Thome Johannes 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCircadian clocks control immunity and virus replication, as well as pharmacokinetics and efficacy therapeutics. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent of these relationships by measuring circadian gene expression in primary human-derived dermal fibroblast cultures (HDF) after remdesivir exposure. In the current study, we analysed circadian gene expression in a cohort of participants without a neuropsychiatric diagnosis. After ex vivo exposure to remdesivir to human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cultures and dexamethasone synchronization, the rhythmicity of circadian gene expression (Clock, Bmal1, Per1-3, Cry1) was analysed via qRT-PCR. In this study, D-MEQ scores indicated that participants without a neuropsychiatric diagnosis had no evening preference. Remdesivir leads to a slight phase-shift in Clock, Per1 and Per2. Significant different expressions of Bmal1 and Per3 were detected after remdesivir exposure: Bmal1 at ZT8 (t(22) = 3.26, p = 0.004), ZT24 (t(22) = − 2.66, p = 0.015), ZT28 (t(20) = − 2.14, p = 0.045) and Per3 at ZT8 (t(22) = − 4.27, p < 0.001) and ZT12 (t(22) = − 2.61, p = 0.016). A significant difference between chronotype and circadian gene expression for Bmal1, Cry1 and Per3 was observed. The present study shows that remdesivir has an impact on circadian function. It is well known that the circadian rhythm effects sleep and, moreover, sleep quality. The results suggest that remdesivir medication may alter sleep quality in participants without a neuropsychiatric diagnosis and shifts chronotype to eveningness; similar as prevalent in ADHD.
Deformed wing virus variant shift from 2010 to 2016 in managed and feral UK honey bee colonies
Authors: Kevill J. L. , Stainton K. C. , Schroeder D. C. , Martin S. J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDeformed wing virus (DWV) has been linked to the global decline of honey bees. DWV exists as three master variants (DWV-A, DWV-B, and DWV-C), each with differing outcomes for the honey bee host. Research in the USA showed a shift from DWV-A to DWV-B between 2010 to 2016 in honey bee colonies. Likewise, in the UK, a small study in 2007 found only DWV-A, whereas in 2016, DWV-B was the most prevalent variant. This suggests a shift from DWV-A to DWV-B might have occurred in the UK between 2007 and 2016. To investigate this further, data from samples collected in 2009/10 (n = 46) were compared to existing data from 2016 (n = 42). These samples also allowed a comparison of DWV variants between Varroa-untreated (feral) and Varroa-treated (managed) colonies. The results revealed that, in the UK, DWV-A was far more prevalent in 2009/10 (87%) than in 2016 (43%). In contrast, DWV-B was less prevalent in 2009/10 (76%) than in 2016 (93%). Regardless if colonies had been treated for Varroa (managed) or not (feral), the same trend from DWV-A to DWV-B occurred. Overall, the results reveal a decrease in DWV-A and an increase in DWV-B in UK colonies.
Estimation of the tangential transverse vibrations effect on the friction force with the use of LuGre model
Authors: Gutowski Paweł , Leus Mariusz 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this work, a novel dynamic computational model developed for the purpose of modelling the phenomenon of friction force reduction in a sliding motion at tangential transverse vibrations of elastic support is presented. In contrast to the currently used so-called kinematic models, this model takes into account the mass of a sliding and simultaneously subjected to vibrations body. It is based on the dynamic equations of motion of this body. For the description of the friction force, the LuGre model was used which considers both the compliance of the contact zone and its damping. Considered in this model are also compliance and damping of the drive. The model assumes that vibrations are not imposed directly on the shifting body but are transferred to it from the vibrating elastic support. The developed model has been implemented in the Matlab/Simulink environment and subsequently utilised in simulating analyses. The results of these were compared with the results of experiments which were carried out using a designated, in-house built, experimental rig. An excellent compliance has been achieved.
What treatment outcomes matter most? A Q-study of outcome priority profiles among youth with lived experience of depression
Authors: Krause Karolin Rose , Edbrooke-Childs Julian , Bear Holly Alice , Calderón Ana , Wolpert Miranda 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInterest in youth perspectives on what constitutes an important outcome in the treatment of depression has been growing, but limited attention has been given to heterogeneity in outcome priorities, and minority viewpoints. These are important to consider for person-centred outcome tracking in clinical practice, or when conducting clinical trials targeting specific populations. This study used Q-methodology to identify outcome priority profiles among youth with lived experience of service use for depression. A purposive sample of 28 youth (aged 16–21 years) rank-ordered 35 outcome statements by importance and completed brief semi-structured interviews eliciting their sorting rationales. By-person principal component analysis was used to identify outcome priority profiles based on all Q-sort configurations. Priority profiles were described and interpreted with reference to the qualitative interview data. Four distinct outcome priority profiles were identified: “Relieving distress and experiencing a happier emotional state”; “Learning to cope with cyclical distressing emotional states”; “Understanding and processing distressing emotional states”; and “Reduced interference of ongoing distressing emotional states with daily life”. All four profiles prioritised improvements in mood and the ability to feel pleasure but differed in the level of importance assigned to learning coping skills, processing experiences, and the reduced interference of depression with life and identity. As part of a person-centered approach to care delivery, care providers should routinely engage young people in conversation and shared decision-making about the types of change they would like to prioritise and track during treatment, beyond a common core of consensus outcomes.
On generalized surrogate duality in mixed-integer nonlinear programming
Authors: Müller Benjamin , Muñoz Gonzalo , Gasse Maxime , Gleixner Ambros , Lodi Andrea , Serrano Felipe 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe most important ingredient for solving mixed-integer nonlinear programs (MINLPs) to global $$\epsilon $$
ϵ
-optimality with spatial branch and bound is a tight, computationally tractable relaxation. Due to both theoretical and practical considerations, relaxations of MINLPs are usually required to be convex. Nonetheless, current optimization solvers can often successfully handle a moderate presence of nonconvexities, which opens the door for the use of potentially tighter nonconvex relaxations. In this work, we exploit this fact and make use of a nonconvex relaxation obtained via aggregation of constraints: a surrogate relaxation. These relaxations were actively studied for linear integer programs in the 70s and 80s, but they have been scarcely considered since. We revisit these relaxations in an MINLP setting and show the computational benefits and challenges they can have. Additionally, we study a generalization of such relaxation that allows for multiple aggregations simultaneously and present the first algorithm that is capable of computing the best set of aggregations. We propose a multitude of computational enhancements for improving its practical performance and evaluate the algorithm’s ability to generate strong dual bounds through extensive computational experiments.
Speculative asset price dynamics and wealth taxes
Authors: Mignot Sarah , Tramontana Fabio , Westerhoff Frank 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBased on the seminal asset-pricing model by Brock and Hommes (J Econ Dyn Control 22:1235–1274, 1998), we analytically show that higher wealth taxes increase the risky asset’s fundamental value, enlarge its local stability domain, may prevent the birth of nonfundamental steady states and, if they exist, reduce the risky asset’s mispricing. We furthermore find that higher wealth taxes may hinder the emergence of endogenous asset price oscillations and, if they exist, dampen their amplitudes. Since oscillatory price dynamics may be associated with lower mispricing than locally stable nonfundamental steady states, policymakers may not always want to suppress them by imposing (too low) wealth taxes. Overall, however, our study suggests that wealth taxes tend to stabilize the dynamics of financial markets.
Call rate in Common Cuckoos does not predict body size and responses to conspecific playbacks
Authors: Elek Zoltán , Bán Miklós , Fülöp Attila , Marton Attila , Hauber Márk E. , Moskát Csaba 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe brood parasitic Common CuckooCuculus canorusis best known for its two-note “cu-coo” call which is almost continuously uttered by male during the breeding season and can be heard across long distances in the field. Although the informative value of the cuckoo call was intensively investigated recently, it is still not clear whether call characteristic(s) indicate any of the phenotypic traits of the respective vocalising individuals. To fill this gap, we studied whether the call rate of male cuckoos (i.e., the number of calls uttered per unit of time) provides information on their body size, which might be a relevant trait during intrasexual territorial conflicts. We captured free-living male cuckoos and measured their body size parameters (mass, wing, tail and tarsus lengths). Each subject was then radio-tagged, released, and its individual “cu-coo” calls were recorded soon after that in the field. The results showed that none of the body size parameters covaried statistically with the call rates of individual male Common Cuckoos. In addition, we experimentally tested whether the “cu-coo” call rates affect behavioural responses of cuckoos using playbacks of either a quicker or a slower paced call than the calls with natural rates. Cuckoos responded similarly to both types of experimental playback treatments by approaching the speaker with statistically similar levels of responses as when presented with calls at the natural rate. We conclude that male Common Cuckoos do not advertise reliable information acoustically regarding their body size, and so, cuckoo calls are neither useful to characterize cuckoos’ phenotypic traits directly nor to indicate environmental quality indirectly.
Per-oral endoscopic dual myotomy for the treatment of achalasia
Authors: Yuan Xianglei , Feng Zhe , Zhao Yanshi , Zeng Xianhui , Ye Liansong , Liu Wei , Hu Bing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Repeat per-oral endoscopic myotomy is occasionally performed for persistent/recurrent symptoms in patients with achalasia, and yields favorable outcomes. We investigated a novel technique, per-oral endoscopic dual myotomy (dual-POEM), where a second myotomy was performed during a single session to augment the efficacy and avoid repeat interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate its feasibility, safety and efficacy.

Methods
Consecutive patients diagnosed with achalasia who underwent dual-POEM (1/2018–5/2019) were prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed. Patients with baseline Eckardt score ≥ 9, ≥ 10 years of symptoms, and/or having prior interventions other than myotomy received dual-POEM. The primary outcome was clinical success (Eckardt score ≤ 3). Secondary outcomes were procedure-related adverse events, change in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure, and reflux complications.

Results
Seventeen patients received dual-POEM. Procedure-related adverse events were observed in 2 (11.8%) patients (mucosal injury and pneumonitis). Both were minor in severity. During a median follow-up of 33 months (interquartile range, IQR [31,35]; range, 19–36), clinical success was achieved in 16 (94.1%) patients. The median Eckardt score decreased from 9 (IQR [8, 11.5]; range 7–12) to 1 (IQR [1, 2]; range 0–4) (P < 0.001), and LES pressure decreased from 25.8 mmHg (IQR [21.7, 33.5]; range 17.7–46.3) to 7.4 mmHg (IQR [6.3, 10.4]; range 2.2–12.6) (P < 0.001). Seven (41.2%) patients developed postprocedural reflux either by gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire or esophagitis endoscopically, all successfully treated with proton pump inhibitors.

Conclusion
Dual-POEM preliminarily demonstrated high efficacy with a favorable safety profile in patients with achalasia with predictors of treatment failure.