bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-cell transcriptomic landscapes of a rare human laryngeal chondrosarcoma
Authors: Lin Chen , Shen Zhisen , Li Yanguo , Gu Shanshan , Lu Yaqin , Deng Hongxia , Ye Dong , Ding Qi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Propose
Laryngeal chondrosarcoma is a rare non-epithelial malignant tumor. At present, the cell type composition and molecular mechanism of laryngeal chondrosarcoma have not been systematically studied.

Methods
This study focused on the histopathological and imaging features of a rare primary laryngeal chondrosarcoma in a 74-year-old male. The tumor and its paracancerous cartilage tissue were single-cell sequenced and analyzed and a total of 5455 single cells were obtained. Immunohistochemical levels were also verified.

Results
In total five cell types were identified, including chondrocytes, myeloid cells, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, and endothelial cells. We carried out further subgroup analysis, focusing on the classification and differentiation of chondrocytes, functional enrichment analysis, and cellular communication analysis of all cell types, and explored the tumor microenvironment (TME) of laryngeal chondrosarcoma. Immunohistochemistry revealed the SLAMF9 gene was specifically expressed in non-immune cells of chondrosarcoma, but was barely expressed in the normal cartilage tissues adjacent to chondrosarcomas.

Conclusion
This single-cell sequencing approach provides clues for deciphering the potential mechanisms of tumor heterogeneity and TME composition in laryngeal chondrosarcoma, and represents an important step towards the treatment of laryngeal chondrosarcoma.
Randomised controlled trial to investigate the effectiveness of the symptom management after radiotherapy (SMaRT) group intervention to ameliorate lower urinary tract symptoms in men treated for prostate cancer
Authors: Faithfull Sara , Cockle-Hearne Jane , Lemanska Agnieszka , Otter Sophie , Skene Simon S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the effectiveness of the symptom management after radiotherapy (SMaRT) group intervention to improve urinary symptoms in men with prostate cancer.

Methods
The randomised controlled trial (RCT) recruited men from one radiotherapy centre in the UK after curative radiotherapy or brachytherapy and with moderate to severe urinary symptoms defined as scores ≥ 8 on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire. Sixty-three men were randomised either; to SMaRT, a 10-week symptom-management intervention including group support, education, pelvic floor muscle exercises, or a care-as-usual group. The primary outcome was the IPSS at 6 months from baseline assessment. Secondary outcomes were IPSS at 3 months, and International Continence Society Male Short Form (ICS), European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life prostate scale (EORTC QLQ-PR25), EORTC QLQ-30 and Self-Efficacy for Symptom Control Inventory (SESCI) at 3 and 6 months from baseline. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyse the effect of the intervention.

Results
SMaRT group intervention did not improve urinary symptoms as measured by IPSS at 6-months. The adjusted difference was − 2.5 [95%CI − 5.0 to 0.0], p = 0.054. Significant differences were detected at 3 months in ICS voiding symptoms (− 1.1 [− 2.0 to − 0.2], p = 0.017), ICS urinary incontinence (− 1.0 [− 1.8 to − 0.1], p = 0.029) and SESCI managing symptoms domain (13.5 [2.5 to 24.4], p = 0.017). No differences were observed at 6 months.

Conclusions
SMaRT group intervention provided short-term benefit in urinary voiding and continence and helped men manage symptoms but was not effective long term.
Bi-objective facility location under uncertainty with an application in last-mile disaster relief
Authors: Nazemi Najmesadat , Parragh Sophie N. , Gutjahr Walter J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMultiple and usually conflicting objectives subject to data uncertainty are main features in many real-world problems. Consequently, in practice, decision-makers need to understand the trade-off between the objectives, considering different levels of uncertainty in order to choose a suitable solution. In this paper, we consider a two-stage bi-objective single source capacitated model as a base formulation for designing a last-mile network in disaster relief where one of the objectives is subject to demand uncertainty. We analyze scenario-based two-stage risk-neutral stochastic programming, adaptive (two-stage) robust optimization, and a two-stage risk-averse stochastic approach using conditional value-at-risk (CVaR). To cope with the bi-objective nature of the problem, we embed these concepts into two criterion space search frameworks, the $$\epsilon $$
ϵ
-constraint method and the balanced box method, to determine the Pareto frontier. Additionally, a matheuristic technique is developed to obtain high-quality approximations of the Pareto frontier for large-size instances. In an extensive computational experiment, we evaluate and compare the performance of the applied approaches based on real-world data from a Thies drought case, Senegal.
Reliability and effective use of electronic trap monitoring systems based on cellular networks
Authors: Martin Anthony R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe deployment of cage traps rather than kill traps can greatly reduce non-target mortality in an invasive species control/eradication operation, but their use is normally constrained by the need for them to be checked frequently on animal welfare grounds. This paper examines the reliability of electronic monitoring devices that use cellular (mobile phone) networks to alert the operator when a trap door closes, and also discusses the management network that is needed to convert an alarm into a timely trap visit without fail. The two monitoring systems tested were 100% reliable in notifying the operator when a trap door closed, and their use reduced the burden of trap visits by 98% compared to the standard protocol of daily checks. As such, these systems can be of great value to campaigns operating large numbers of traps, especially when capture rates are low.
Research Integrity and Hidden Value Conflicts
Authors: Helgesson Gert , Bülow William 
Published: December 2021

AbstractResearch integrity is a well-established term used to talk and write about ethical issues in research. Part of its success might be its broad applicability. In this paper, we suggest that this might also be its Achilles heel, since it has the potential to conceal important value conflicts. We identify three broad domains upon which research integrity is applied in the literature: (1) the researcher (or research group), (2) research, and (3) research-related institutions and systems. Integrity in relation to researchers concerns character, although it remains to specify precisely what character traits are the desirable ones in this context and what values researchers should endorse. Integrity in relation to research concerns correct and sufficient description of the research process, data, results, and overall ‘research record’. Hence, it concerns the quality of research. However, whether or not this notion of research integrity covers all ethical aspects of research depends on whether one endorses a wider or a narrower interpretation of the ‘research process’. Integrity in relation to research-related institutions and systems leaves open whether they should be understood as agents in their own right or merely as means to research integrity. Besides the potential lack of clarity that our analysis reveals, we point to how this variety in uses might lead to concealment of value conflicts and propose an open discussion of central values.
Visual Servoing of Unknown Objects for Family Service Robots
Authors: Xin Jing , Dong Caixia , Zhang Youmin , Yao Yumeng , Gong Ailing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAiming at satisfying the increasing demand of family service robots for housework, this paper proposes a robot visual servoing scheme based on the randomized trees to complete the visual servoing task of unknown objects in natural scenes. Here, “unknown” means that there is no prior information on object models, such as template or database of the object. Firstly, an object to be manipulated is randomly selected by user prior to the visual servoing task execution. Then, the raw image information about the object can be obtained and used to train a randomized tree classifier online. Secondly, the current image features can be computed using the well-trained classifier. Finally, the visual controller can be designed according to the error of image feature, which is defined as the difference between the desired image features and current image features. Five visual positioning of unknown objects experiments, including 2D rigid object and 3D non-rigid object, are conducted on a MOTOMAN-SV3X six degree-of-freedom (DOF) manipulator robot. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can effectively position an unknown object in complex natural scenes, such as occlusion and illumination changes. Furthermore, the developed robot visual servoing scheme has an excellent positioning accuracy within 0.05 mm positioning error.
Platelets differentially modulate CD4+ Treg activation via GPIIa/IIIb-, fibrinogen-, and PAR4-dependent pathways
Authors: Bock Matthias , Bergmann Christian B. , Jung Sonja , Biberthaler Peter , Heimann Laura , Hanschen Marc 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (CD4+ Tregs) are known to dampen inflammation following severe trauma. Platelets were shown to augment their posttraumatic activation in burn injury, but the exact mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that platelet activation mechanisms via GPIIb/IIIa, fibrinogen, and PAR4 have an immunological effect and modulate CD4+ Treg activation early after trauma. Therefore, C57Bl/6 N mice were injected with tirofiban (GPIIb/IIIa inhibition), ancrod (fibrinogen splitting enzyme), or tcY-NH2 (selective PAR4 antagonist peptide) before inducing a third-degree burn injury of 25% of the total body surface area. Changes in coagulation, and local and systemic CD4+ Treg activity were assessed via rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM®) and phospho-flow cytometry 1 h post intervention. The inhibition of GPIIb/IIIa and fibrinogen locally led to a higher basic activity of CD4+ Tregs compared to non-inhibited animals. In contrast, PAR4 disruption on platelets locally led to an increased posttraumatic activation of CD4+ Tregs. Fibrinogen led to complete elimination of coagulation, whereas GPIIb/IIIa or PAR4 inhibition did not. GPIIb/IIIa receptor and fibrinogen inhibition increase CD4+ Tregs activity independently of trauma. Both are crucial for thrombus formation. We suggest platelets trapped in thrombi are unable to interact with CD4+ Tregs but augment their activity when circulating freely. In contrast, PAR4 seems to reduce CD4+ Treg activation following trauma. In summary, GPIIb/IIIa-, PAR4-, and fibrinogen-dependent pathways in platelets modulate CD4+ Treg baseline activity, independently from their hemostatic functionality. PAR4-dependent pathways modulate the posttraumatic interplay of platelets and CD4+ Tregs.
Adapting Rainfall Variability to Flood Risk: A Case Study of the Ghaggar River Basin
Authors: Gorai Sanjoy , Ratha Dwarikanath , Dhir Amit 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Floods are the most common natural disasters influenced by climatic variables and anthropogenic activities. Ghaggar is a seasonal river of north-western region of India and this basin has been experiencing moderate to high intensity of floods frequently. The present study aims to find out the impact of the rainfall variability on the flooding scenario of this basin using hydrometeorological data. The rainfall data was collected for 12 stations of the basin. The rainfall and extreme rainfall of the Ghaggar basin was determined using innovative trend analysis which was further validated by Mann-Kendall test. The runoff generated from the average annual rainfall and extreme rainfall in terms of rx1day was determined using SCS-CN method. It is found from the analysis that the southwest monsoon is dominant all over the basin and is the main reason for causing the flood. The rx1day rainfall trend is positive at the stations situated in the middle of the basin which is another factor for causing the flood. It is also found that the runoff generated at the uppermost part of the basin due to heavy rainfall at Kalka and Nahan meteorological divisions when combined with runoff generated from middle of basin is creating the flood situation at middle of the basin. Flood hazard mapping was also carried out for vulnerability analysis and found that the basin area is moderate to highly vulnerable to floods.
Development of Surface Level Seismic Hazard Maps Considering Local Soil Conditions for the State of Haryana, India
Authors: Puri Nitish , Jain Ashwani 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
An extensive ground response analysis has been carried out in order to consider the effect of local soil conditions on surface level strong ground motions in the state of Haryana, India. Non-linear approach has been adopted to analyze 81 sites drilled up to refusal covering the entire state. It has been observed that 75 sites fall under site class D (medium dense soils), 4 sites under site class C (very dense soils), whereas only 2 sites fall under site class E (loose soils) as per the provisions of National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program (NEHRP). For the estimation of low strain shear modulus (Gmax) using SPT N-value for different type of soils, various correlations have been used due to non-availability of in-situ measured values of shear wave velocity (Vs). The standard backbone curves for clays and sands have been used in the study in the absence of site-specific shear modulus degradation and damping ratio curves. The recorded acceleration time histories of the Ms 7.0 1991 Uttarkashi earthquake, having a focal depth of 10 km with PGA (g) ranging from 0.05g to 0.31g, have been used as input motion for the analysis. Amplification factors for peak ground acceleration (PGA) and spectral acceleration (Sa) for site class D have been calculated which are found to be comparable with those reported in NEHRP provisions. However, the site-specific hazard parameters determined for the tectonic setup of the seismic study region are quite different from that suggested by Indian standard code of practice.
Evaluation of Slope Stability Analysis using Kinematic and Chart Method: A Case Study
Authors: Verma Rahul Kumar , Sharma Prateek , Singh Rajesh , Singh T.N. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The variability and unpredictability of climatic conditions are adding to the complexity in the prediction of the natural hazards. The Himalayan region is having a very complex geological and tectonic setting. Besides, climatic conditions and geological setting of the area, human encroachment is adding to the vulnerability of mountain slopes. The landslide, particularly rockfall, became a big problem for commuters and inhabitants in the hilly region. The landslides are mostly occurring either in the summer season or in the rainy season due to the percolation of water along the jointed weathered rock mass slopes. The researchers/scientists have investigated various reasons for the slope failure using conventional methods like kinematic and limit equilibrium method or using numerical methods like finite difference method (FDM), finite element method (FEM), discrete element method (DEM). The numerical methods FEM, FDM, and DEM has wide application but these are very costly and requires high end computation system. On the other hand, the conventional methods, which were used in the present study, is economical and requires geological experiences only. In the present study, slope stability analysis was performed for roadcut slopes of National Highway -109 (NH-109) from Bhowali to Almora (53 km) in the district of Nainital and Almora, Uttarakhand, India. A total of fourteen vulnerable locations were identified and their instability was evaluated. The types of failure were determined using the kinematic method, stability and classification of the slope were examined using slope mass rating (SMR). In addition, the chart method was used to calculate the factor of safety (FoS) for only wedge type of failure. A new graph has been proposed to find out vulnerability of slope considering only field-based approach.
Global invasion risk of Apocephalus borealis, a honey bee parasitoid
Authors: Tihelka Erik , Hafernik John , Brown Brian V. , Quock Christopher , Zink Andrew G. , Croppi Sofia , Cai Chen-Yang , Zhu Chao-Dong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractApocephalus borealis is a parasitoid of hymenopterans native to North America that also attacks introduced honey bees (Apis mellifera). Parasitism by this species has been associated with infested bees absconding the hive and dying outside. The flies can also harbour viral infections and nosematosis. Recently, nucleotide sequences identical to A. borealis were reported from bulk screenings of honey bees from Belgium and South Korea, although no adult flies have been collected. To predict the potential invasion risk of A. borealis across the world, we constructed a MaxEnt species distribution model based on occurrence data from North America submitted to the citizen science project ZomBee Watch (zombeewatch.org) and from museum specimens. The results have shown that extensive parts of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin, Asia Minor, southern Africa, eastern Asia, Australasia, and North and South America have high degrees of climatic suitability for invasion, suggesting that the fly could establish in these regions. The potential invasion range is expected to stay similar under different climate change scenarios. We discuss the status of A. borealis as an invasive species and measures that can be taken to reduce the risk of its introduction outside of North America. Our results highlight A. borealis as a potential threat to honey bee health worldwide that requires urgent attention of international veterinary bodies to prevent its spread.
Holding It Together? Professional Perspectives on the Role of Relationships when Relocating Young People due to Extra-familial Harm
Authors: Firmin Carlene , Owens Rachael 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
When young people come to harm in extra-familial contexts, professionals may move them a distance from their home community to protect them, and in doing so disrupt relationships in which they have encountered harm. However, relocations can also fracture young people’s protective relationships with family, peers, and professionals; relationships that have been positioned as targets for intervention in cases of extra-familial harm. The extent to which these relationships are considered during relocations is under-explored. Utilising semi-structured interviews with 16 social work professionals in England and Wales, we assessed their accounts of using relationships prior to, during, and following relocations in cases of extra-familial harm. Three themes emerged: using relationships during relocations to provide consistency, to collaborate, and to create safety. Professional accounts prioritised young people’s relationships with practitioners, over relationships with families, peers, and their wider communities, when using/seeking opportunities to offer consistency and to collaborate on safety plans. They also depicted a struggle to engage with the complex web of family, peer, and community relationships associated to young people’s protection in both their home communities and those they had been moved to; relationships that were critical for creating safety. Implications for practice and future research are discussed, highlighting the potential merits of offering integrated research and practice frameworks that hold together young people’s relationships with families, peers, communities, and professionals, in response to extra-familial harm.
Equivariance and Invariance for Optimal Designs in Generalized Linear Models Exemplified by a Class of Gamma Models
Authors: Idais Osama , Schwabe Rainer 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe main intention of the present work is to outline the concept of equivariance and invariance in the design of experiments for generalized linear models and to demonstrate its usefulness. In contrast with linear models, pairs of transformations have to be employed for generalized linear models. These transformations act simultaneously on the experimental settings and on the location parameters in the linear component. Then, the concept of equivariance provides a tool to transfer locally optimal designs from one experimental region to another when the nominal values of the parameters are changed accordingly. The stronger concept of invariance requires a whole group of equivariant transformations. It can be used to characterize optimal designs which reflect the symmetries resulting from the group actions. The general concepts are illustrated by models with gamma distributed response and a canonical link. There, for a given transformation of the experimental settings, the transformation of the parameters is not unique and may be chosen to be nonlinear in order to fully exploit the model structure. In this case, we can derive invariant maximin efficient designs for theD- and theIMSE-criterion.
Prediction model of seasonality in the construction industry based on the accidentality phenomenon
Authors: Hoła Bożena , Topolski Mariusz , Szer Iwona , Szer Jacek , Blazik-Borowa Ewa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The construction industry is an economic sector that is characterized by seasonality. Seasonal factors affect the volume of production, which in turn affects the accident rate. The aim of the research presented in the article was to develop a model for predicting the number of people injured in occupational accidents in the construction industry. Based on the analysis of statistical data and previous studies, the occurrence of certain regularities of the accidentality phenomenon was found, namely the long-term trend over many years, as well as seasonality and cyclicality over the course of a year. The found regularities were the basis for the assumptions that were made for the construction of the model. A mathematical model was built in the non-linear regression dimension. The model was validated by comparing the results of prediction errors generated by the developed model with the results of prediction errors generated by other known models, such as ARIMA, SARIMA, linear and polynomial models, which take into account the seasonality of the phenomenon. The constructed model enables the number of people injured in accidents in the construction industry in selected months of future years to be predicted with high accuracy. The obtained results can be the basis for making appropriate decisions regarding preventive and prophylactic measures in the construction industry. Commonly known mathematical tools available in the STATISTICA package were used to solve the given task.
Union Affiliation and Civic Engagement: Teachers in Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Chambers-Ju Christopher , Hecock R. Douglas 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTDo labor unions still motivate their members to participate in politics, or have social and economic changes undermined their political importance? This question is important to revisit, as globalization and economic reform have weakened many popular sector organizations in Latin America, reducing some to mere patronage machines. This article examines the case of the teachers’ union in Bogotá, Colombia to assess whether and how labor unions are able to promote the political activation of their members. Employing a multimethod research design that begins with a quantitative analysis of a survey of Colombian teachers, this study finds that union affiliation is associated with higher levels of motivation to vote. It then uses evidence from interviews to show how union advocacy and internal elections for leadership positions shape political behavior, contributing to civic engagement. This research engages with broader debates about democratic quality and political representation in contemporary Latin America.