bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased parenchymal arteriolar tone uncouples vessel-to-neuronal communication in a mouse model of vascular cognitive impairment
Authors: Kim Ki Jung , Diaz Juan Ramiro , Presa Jessica L. , Muller P. Robinson , Brands Michael W. , Khan Mohammad B. , Hess David C. , Althammer Ferdinand , Stern Javier E. , Filosa Jessica A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractChronic hypoperfusion is a key contributor to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative conditions, but the cellular mechanisms remain ill-defined. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we sought to elucidate chronic hypoperfusion-evoked functional changes at the neurovascular unit. We used bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS), a well-established model of vascular cognitive impairment, combined with an ex vivo preparation that allows pressurization of parenchymal arterioles in a brain slice. Our results demonstrate that mild (~ 30%), chronic hypoperfusion significantly altered the functional integrity of the cortical neurovascular unit. Although pial cerebral perfusion recovered over time, parenchymal arterioles progressively lost tone, exhibiting significant reductions by day 28 post-surgery. We provide supportive evidence for reduced adenosine 1 receptor-mediated vasoconstriction as a potential mechanism in the adaptive response underlying the reduced baseline tone in parenchymal arterioles. In addition, we show that in response to the neuromodulator adenosine, the action potential frequency of cortical pyramidal neurons was significantly reduced in all groups. However, a significant decrease in adenosine-induced hyperpolarization was observed in BCAS 14 days. At the microvascular level, constriction-induced inhibition of pyramidal neurons was significantly compromised in BCAS mice. Collectively, these results suggest that BCAS uncouples vessel-to-neuron communication—vasculo-neuronal coupling—a potential early event in cognitive decline.
Diagnostic approach in patients with angina and no obstructive coronary artery disease: emphasising the role of the coronary function test
Authors: Konst R. E. , Damman P. , Pellegrini D. , van Royen N. , Maas A. H. E. M. , Elias-Smale S. E. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Many patients with angina do not have obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), also referred to as “Ischaemia with No Obstructive Coronary Arteries“ (INOCA). Coronary vascular dysfunction is the underlying cause of this ischaemic heart disease in as much as 59–89% of these patients, including the endotypes of coronary microvascular dysfunction and epicardial coronary vasospasm. Currently, a coronary function test (CFT) is the only comprehensive diagnostic modality to evaluate all endotypes of coronary vascular dysfunction in patients with INOCA.

Objective
In this paper we discuss the relevance of performing a CFT, provide considerations for patient selection, and present an overview of the procedure and its safety.

Methods
We reviewed the latest published data, guidelines and consensus documents, combined with a discussion of novel original data, to present this point of view.

Results
The use of a CFT could lead to a more accurate and timely diagnosis of vascular dysfunction, identifies patients at risk for cardiovascular events, and enables stratified treatment which improves symptoms and quality of life. Current guidelines recommend considering a CFT in patients with INOCA and persistent symptoms. The safety of the procedure is comparable to that of a regular coronary angiography with physiological measurements. Non-invasive alternatives have limited diagnostic accuracy for the identification of coronary vascular dysfunction in patients with INOCA, and a regular coronary angiography and/or coronary computed tomography scan cannot establish the diagnosis.

Conclusions
A complete CFT, including acetylcholine and adenosine tests, should be considered in patients with INOCA.
From tree to architecture: how functional morphology of arborescence connects plant biology, evolution and physics
Authors: Roth-Nebelsick Anita , Miranda Tatiana , Ebner Martin , Konrad Wilfried , Traiser Christopher 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTrees are the fundamental element of forest ecosystems, made possible by their mechanical qualities and their highly sophisticated conductive tissues. The evolution of trees, and thereby the evolution of forests, were ecologically transformative and affected climate and biogeochemical cycles fundamentally. Trees also offer a substantial amount of ecological niches for other organisms, such as epiphytes, creating a vast amount of habitats. During land plant evolution, a variety of different tree constructions evolved and their constructional principles are a subject of ongoing research. Understanding the “natural construction” of trees benefits strongly from methods and approaches from physics and engineering. Plant water transport is a good example for the ongoing demand for interdisciplinary efforts to unravel form-function relationships on vastly differing scales. Identification of the unique mechanism of water long-distance transport requires a solid basis of interfacial physics and thermodynamics. Studying tree functions by using theoretical approaches is, however, not a one-sided affair: The complex interrelationships between traits, functionality, trade-offs and phylogeny inspire engineers, physicists and architects until today.
Genetic mapping of pollen fertility restoration QTLs in rye (Secale cereale L.) with CMS Pampa
Authors: Niedziela Agnieszka , Brukwiński Waldemar , Bednarek Piotr Tomasz 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a widely applied plant breeding tool for hybrid seed production. The phenomenon is often caused by chimeric genes with altered open reading frames (ORFs) located in the mitochondrial genomes and expressed as novel genotoxic products that induce pollen abortion. The fertility of CMS plants can be restored by nuclear-encoded genes that inhibit the action of ORFs responsible for pollen sterility. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population S64/04/01, encompassing 175 individuals, was used for genetic map construction and identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for fertility restoration in rye (Secale cereale L.) with CMS Pampa. The genetic map of all seven rye chromosomes included 15,516 SNP and silicoDArT markers and covered 1070.5 cm. Individual QTLs explaining 60% and 5.5% of the fertility trait’s phenotypic variance were mapped to chromosomes 4R (QRft-4R) and 5R (QRft-5R), respectively. Association mapping identified markers with the highest R2 value of 0.58 (p value = 2.21E-28). Markers showing the highest associations with the trait were also mapped to the 4R chromosome within the QRft-4R region. Based on marker sequence homology, putative genes involved in pollen fertility restoration were suggested. Five silicoDArTs were converted into PCR-based markers for further breeding purposes.
On semilocal convergence of three-step Kurchatov method under weak condition
Authors: Kumar Himanshu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this paper to establish the semilocal convergence analysis of three-step Kurchatov method under weaker conditions in Banach spaces. We construct the recurrence relations under the assumption that involved first-order divided difference operators satisfy the $$\omega $$
ω
condition. Theorems are given for the existence-uniqueness balls enclosing the unique solution. The application of the iterative method is shown by solving nonlinear system of equations and nonlinear Hammerstein-type integral equations. It illustrates the theoretical development of this study.
Fast laser surface texturing of spherical samples to improve the frictional performance of elasto-hydrodynamic lubricated contacts
Authors: Boidi G. , Grützmacher P. G. , Kadiric A. , Profito F. J. , Machado I. F. , Gachot C. , Dini D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTextured surfaces offer the potential to promote friction and wear reduction by increasing the hydrodynamic pressure, fluid uptake, or acting as oil or debris reservoirs. However, texturing techniques often require additional manufacturing steps and costs, thus frequently being not economically feasible for real engineering applications. This experimental study aims at applying a fast laser texturing technique on curved surfaces for obtaining superior tribological performances. A femtosecond pulsed laser (Ti:Sapphire) and direct laser interference patterning (with a solid-state Nd:YAG laser) were used for manufacturing dimple and groove patterns on curved steel surfaces (ball samples). Tribological tests were carried out under elasto-hydrodynamic lubricated contact conditions varying slide-roll ratio using a ball-on-disk configuration. Furthermore, a specific interferometry technique for rough surfaces was used to measure the film thickness of smooth and textured surfaces. Smooth steel samples were used to obtain data for the reference surface. The results showed that dimples promoted friction reduction (up to 20%) compared to the reference smooth specimens, whereas grooves generally caused less beneficial or detrimental effects. In addition, dimples promoted the formation of full film lubrication conditions at lower speeds. This study demonstrates how fast texturing techniques could potentially be used for improving the tribological performance of bearings as well as other mechanical components utilised in several engineering applications.
Impact of chosen force fields and applied load on thin film lubrication
Authors: Ta Thi D. , Ta Hien D. , Tieu Kiet A. , Tran Bach H. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe rapid development of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, as well as classical and reactive atomic potentials, has enabled tribologists to gain new insights into lubrication performance at the fundamental level. However, the impact of adopted potentials on the rheological properties and tribological performance of hydrocarbons has not been researched adequately. This extensive study analyzed the effects of surface structure, applied load, and force field (FF) on the thin film lubrication of hexadecane. The lubricant film became more solid-like as the applied load increased. In particular, with increasing applied load, there was an increase in the velocity slip, shear viscosity, and friction. The degree of ordering structure also changed with the applied load but rather insignificantly. It was also significantly dependent on the surface structure. The chosen FFs significantly influenced the lubrication performance, rheological properties, and molecular structure. The adaptive intermolecular reactive empirical bond order (AIREBO) potential resulted in more significant liquid-like behaviors, and the smallest velocity slip, degree of ordering structure, and shear stress were compared using the optimized potential for liquid simulations of united atoms (OPLS-UAs), condensed-phase optimized molecular potential for atomic simulation studies (COMPASS), and ReaxFF. Generally, classical potentials, such as OPLS-UA and COMPASS, exhibit more solid-like behavior than reactive potentials do. Furthermore, owing to the solid-like behavior, the lubricant temperatures obtained from OPLS-UA and COMPASS were much lower than those obtained from AIREBO and ReaxFF. The increase in shear stress, as well as the decrease in velocity slip with an increase in the surface potential parameter ζ, remained conserved for all chosen FFs, thus indicating that the proposed surface potential parameter ζ for the COMPASS FF can be verified for a wide range of atomic models.
Employment Uncertainty and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic Initial Social Distancing Implementation: a Cross-national Study
Authors: Ruffolo Mary , Price Daicia , Schoultz Mariyana , Leung Janni , Bonsaksen Tore , Thygesen Hilde , Geirdal Amy Østertun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in changes in the work environment and employment uncertainty. This paper reports on a cross-national comparison of four countries (Norway, UK, USA and Australia) and examines the differences in mental health between those individuals employed and those not employed during the social distancing implementation.

Methods
Participants (N = 3,810) were recruited through social media in April/May 2020 and were invited to complete a self-administered electronic survey over a 3-week period. Differences between those employed and those not employed with regard to their sociodemographic characteristics and mental health were investigated with chi-square tests, independent t tests, and one-way analysis of variances (ANOVAs).

Results
Compared with their counterparts, participants who were employed reported lower levels of mental health distress (p < 0.001), higher levels of psychosocial well-being (p < 0.001), better overall quality of life (p < 0.001), and lower levels of overall loneliness, social loneliness, and emotional loneliness (p < 0.001). Small to medium but consistent differences (Cohen’s d = 0.23–0.67) in mental health favor those with employment or those who were retired.

Conclusion
Further study is needed to assess mental health over time as the COVID-19 pandemic and employment uncertainty continues.
Indicators of Individual Wine Reputation for Friuli Venezia Giulia
Authors: Schamel Guenter , Ros Anna 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to study indicators of individual wine reputation and how they may affect the price of wines in Friuli Venezia Giulia. The analysis is built on the assumption that consumers base their wine purchase decisions on easily available information such as expert quality ratings and reputation builds on past awards for a wine. We estimate a hedonic pricing model using a data set of 1078 Friulian wines listed in the Gambero Rosso wine guide. The categorical nature of the dependent variable suggests the use of ordered response models. The results not only show that awards for the current quality of a wine carry a positive and substantial premium, but also that having received an award in the past (indicating individual wine reputation) has a positive effect on prices. Moreover, the province of production has a considerable effect on prices and white, older wines tend to be more expensive. The paper confirms the important role of current quality ratings and of individual wine reputation in determining wine prices. An important marketing implication is that wineries and retailers should communicate the current quality of a wine together with any past quality recognitions received as this should foster the reputation of an individual wine in the future.
Forecasting elections results via the voter model with stubborn nodes
Authors: Vendeville Antoine , Guedj Benjamin , Zhou Shi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this paper we propose a novel method to forecast the result of elections using only official results of previous ones. It is based on the voter model with stubborn nodes and uses theoretical results developed in a previous work of ours. We look at popular vote shares for the Conservative and Labour parties in the UK and the Republican and Democrat parties in the US. We are able to perform time-evolving estimates of the model parameters and use these to forecast the vote shares for each party in any election. We obtain a mean absolute error of 4.74%. As a side product, our parameters estimates provide meaningful insight on the political landscape, informing us on the proportion of voters that are strong supporters of each of the considered parties.
Towards Dynamic lockdown strategies controlling pandemic spread under healthcare resource budget
Authors: Roy Satyaki , Dutta Ronojoy , Ghosh Preetam 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCOVID-19 is one of the deadliest pandemics in modern human history that has killed nearly a million people and rapidly inundated the healthcare resources around the world. Current lockdown measures to curb infection spread are threatening to bring the world economy to a halt, necessitating dynamic lockdown policies that incorporate the healthcare resource budget of people in a zone. We conceive a dynamic pandemic lockdown strategy that employs reinforcement learning to modulate the zone mobility, while restricting the COVID-19 hospitalizations within its healthcare resource budget. We employ queueing theory to model the inflow and outflow of patients and validate the approach through extensive simulation on real demographic and epidemiological data from the boroughs of New York City. Our experiments demonstrate that this approach can not only adapt to the varying trends in contagion in a region by regulating its own lockdown level, but also manages the overheads associated with time-varying dynamic lockdown policies.
Bindestrich-Hermeneutiken – Neue Verortungen der Lektüre?
Authors: Bleumer Hartmut , Habscheid Stephan , Spieß Constanze , Werber Niels 
Published: January 2021

ZusammenfassungBrauchen wir eine neue Hermeneutik? – Diese Frage ist rhetorisch und scheint aktuell nur vernünftig zu sein. Doch genau dieser Anschein indiziert erneut jenes Dilemma, in dem sich die aktuelle Lektürepraxis befindet. In dem durch die Digitalisierung beschleunigten Wandel der Lektürepraxis bricht es regelrecht auf, denn in ihm erweist sich die Hermeneutik als ein für Kommunikation und Lektüre unabdingbares ethisches Projekt, das zugleich selbst von eben jener Diversifizierung betroffen ist, die durch die technologisch forcierte Rationalität in Gang gebracht wurde. So zeugt die philosophisch irritierende, germanistische bzw. allgemein literatur- und sprachwissenschaftliche Pluralisierung in vielen fach- oder teilfachspezifischen Hermeneutiken ebenso vom aktuellen Problem der Hermeneutik wie von ihrer Unabdingbarkeit. Die Forderung nach einer Neuen Hermeneutik setzt also zuerst die Diagnose voraus, wie und wo ihre Spielarten sich aktuell verorten, um danach jenen gemeinsamen Ort anzuvisieren, der die Hermeneutik gleichzeitig im ›Wir‹ der Fragestellung zusammenhält. Die dazu möglichen Diagnosen werden wiederum verschieden ausfallen. Doch erst in der Summe ermöglichen sie – so die These der Herausgeber*innen der Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik – einen Beitrag zur Vergewisserung über das aktuelle Verständnisproblem.
Model-Based Double Closed-Loop Coordinated Control Strategy for the Electro-Mechanical Transmission System of Heavy Power-Split HEVs
Authors: Wang Weida , Zhang Yuhang , Sun Xiaoxia , Xiang Changle , Yang Chao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe dual-mode electro-mechanical transmission (EMT) system is a crucial part of power-split hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), especially for the heavy HEVs. To improve the precision of the system power distribution and the response speed of the electric power supply, a model-based double closed-loop coordinated control strategy is proposed. As the basis of the proposed control strategy, an EMT system model, particularly of an electrical system, is established first. The proposed control strategy includes the power distribution strategy, battery power closed-loop feedback control strategy, and motor coordinated control strategy. To verify the feasibility of the proposed control strategy, simulation and experiment are performed. The results indicate that the proposed control strategy can realize the expected power distribution by coordinating generators and motors and achieve rapid and stable electric power supply.
A wear rate model incorporating inflationary cost of agro-waste filled composites for brake pad applications to lower composite cost
Authors: Ajibade Oluwaseyi Ayodele , Agunsoye Johnson Olumuyiwa , Oke Sunday Ayoola 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWear rate appraisals are currently indispensable on agro-waste filled composites for brake pads as they predict the expected lifespan of the materials. However, existing wear rate models are inaccurate as predictions omit the inflationary cost of the materials. In this paper, the idea is to account for the inflationary cost of the materials and adjust that into a pseudo wear rate model. The wear rate of agro-waste fillers in an organic matrix to create brake pads under dry sliding wear experiments was considered. Five composite specimens were fabricated in cylindrical specimen height of 14.5 mm and varying diameters of 8, 10, 12 and 15.5 mm and the material wear loss was measured. The 8, 10 and 12 mm diameter specimens revealed that the composite with the best and worst wear resistance were the wear rates of 0.6, 1.4, 1.73 mm3/Nm, and 3.07, 3.54, 4.19 mm3/Nm, respectively. The 15.5 mm diameter specimen showed lower wear rates of 2.13 and 2.14 and 1.56 mm3/Nm than commercial brake pad’s 2.58 mm3/Nm. The pseudo wear rate model predicts the impact of the independent variable i.e. inflationary cost, opportunity cost, time, and sample size. The utility of this effort is to assist the composite manufacturers to take cost-effective decisions and design optimisation can be accomplished to lower the cost of composite products.
Impact of haze events on airborne bacterial consortia–a case study
Authors: Thilakarathne S. M. N. K. , Ekanayake A. , Madamarandawala P. S. , Weerarathne W. B. C. P. , Thotawatthage C. A. , Magana-Arachchi D. N. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTransboundary haze events received a noticeable attention recently, due to their frequent occurrences. They are mainly, consequences of anthropogenic activities. Sri Lanka experienced a haze event parallel to India in November 2019, the first air pollution event in Sri Lanka linked to a haze event in India. Due to the limited availability of information on haze-related microorganisms, we conducted this study in Kandy, Sri Lanka, aiming to explore the airborne bacterial consortia during a haze event. The natural sedimentation method was used for air sampling. Bacterial identification and the total bacterial load were determined using Sanger sequencing and qPCR. Notably, the total bacterial load was elevated by ~ 40% with the haze and decreased with decreasing haze intensity. The highest bacterial load was reported during the day time of the most intense hazy day (1.89 × 106 cells/µl) compared to non-hazy days (lowest; 1.12 × 105 cells/µl). Twelve bacterial species were identified and the most abundant phylum was Proteobacteria. The most common species observed during haze was Acinetobacter modestus. The percentage of culturable bacterial species was also high during the haze event (75% during day time of the most intense hazy day compared to 25% on the control). Two human pathogenic bacteria Burkholderia multivorans and Chryseobacterium gleum were found only during the haze event. Therefore, haze events could be hazardous to humans by means of the presence and fluctuating amounts of pathogenic bacteria. Thus, these findings are important in developing policies and guidelines to monitor and minimize the negative impact of haze events.