bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen deficiency and corn yield with delayed N application
Authors: Nafziger Emerson D. , Yoder Brian , Mathesius Jeff , Carter Paul 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDelaying the application of N to corn (Zea mays L.) may help to match N supply to N uptake, but may also increase the risk of yield loss if N is applied too late or N uptake is delayed. In a 3‐yr study with corn following soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (SC) and corn following corn (CC), N application was either split, with half (112 kg N ha–1) at planting and the rest at stages ranging from V3 to R3; or with the entire increment (224 kg N ha–1) applied at these stages. In SC, there was no yield loss from delaying application of the second increment of N to as late as R3, but yields declined as the full increment of N was delayed, by 5% at V9 to 34% at R3. In CC, delaying the second N increment to stage R2 or R3 lowered yield by 5% compared to application at V3, and delaying the full increment of N increasingly lowered yield, by 8% at V6 to 40% at R3. Corn able to recover leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) following delayed N application produced full yields, and cumulative N deficiency (CND, ΔSPAD × delay expressed as modified growing degree days over periods with ΔSPAD>0, SPAD‐MGGD) was linearly correlated with yield loss. With half of the N at planting, the remainder could be delayed to R1 or later without yield loss, but without N at planting, N needed to be applied before stage V9 in SC and before stage V6 in CC in order to assure maximum yield.
Light‐Driven Carbene Catalysis for the Synthesis of Aliphatic and α‐Amino Ketones
Authors: Bay Anna V. , Fitzpatrick Keegan P. , González‐Montiel Gisela A. , Farah Abdikani Omar , Cheong Paul Ha‐Yeon , Scheidt Karl A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSingle‐electron N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis has gained attention recently for the synthesis of C−C bonds. Guided by density functional theory and mechanistic analyses, we report the light‐driven synthesis of aliphatic and α‐amino ketones using single‐electron NHC operators. Computational and experimental results reveal that the reactivity of the key radical intermediate is substrate‐dependent and can be modulated through steric and electronic parameters of the NHC. Catalyst potential is harnessed in the visible‐light driven generation of an acyl azolium radical species that undergoes selective coupling with various radical partners to afford diverse ketone products. This methodology is showcased in the direct late‐stage functionalization of amino acids and pharmaceutical compounds, highlighting the utility of single‐electron NHC operators.
KIO4‐mediated Selective Hydroxymethylation/Methylenation of Imidazo‐Heteroarenes: A Greener Approach
Authors: Franco Marcelo Straesser , Saba Sumbal , Rafique Jamal , Braga Antonio Luiz 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHerein, we report a KIO4‐mediated, sustainable and chemoselective approach for the one‐pot C(sp2)−H bond hydroxymethylation or methylenation of imidazo‐heteroarenes with formaldehyde, generated in situ via the oxidative cleavage of ethylene glycol or glycerol (renewable reagents) through the Malaprade reaction. In the presence of ethylene glycol, a series of 3‐hydroxymethyl‐imidazo‐heteroarenes was obtained in good to excellent yields. These compounds are important intermediates to access pharmaceutical drugs, e.g., Zolpidem. Furthermore, by using glycerol, bis(imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridin‐3‐yl)methane derivatives were selectively obtained in good to excellent yields.
NMR‐based serum and muscle metabolomics for diagnosis and activity assessment in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
Authors: Guleria Anupam , Kumar Umesh , Kumar Dinesh , R Naveen , Anuja Anamika Kumari , Singh Mantabya Kumar , Sharma Pulak , Agarwal Vikas , Misra Ramnath , Gupta Latika 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesDifferentiating smoldering disease activity from weakness due to fatty replacement of atrophied muscle can often be a challenge in the idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM). We aimed to identify the metabolic disturbances associated with IIM and if these changes can aid in the assessment of disease activity.MethodsMetabolic profiles of sera (N = 99) and muscle (N = 21) from patients with IIM (ACR‐EULAR criteria) were compared with healthy control (HC) samples (N = 75 for serum and N = 12 for muscle tissues) employing 800 MHz NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy. Metabolic disparity between IIM and HC was established based on Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS‐DA) and the discriminatory metabolites were identified based on variable importance in projection (VIP) statistics (P‐value < .05, corrected for false discovery rate (FDR)).ResultsSerum metabolomics profiles were distinctive in IIM as compared to HC, with a visible shift to anaerobic metabolism (increased lactate, low glucose), oxidative defect (high Phenylalanine/tyrosine), decreased muscle mass (low serum creatinine), increased muscle catabolism (increased branched‐chain amino acids), and dyslipidemia (higher lipids, higher very low‐density lipoprotein [VLDL]/low‐density lipoprotein [LDL] ratio, lower polyunsaturated fatty acid [PUFA]). The sera of active IIM patients were characterized by anaerobic metabolism (low glucose), loss of muscle mass (low creatinine, amino acids), and oxidative defect (high Phenylalanine/tyrosine). Three metabolites (isopropanol, succinate, and glycine) were distinctive in muscle tissue metabolomics. NMR‐based serum metabolic disparity was lacking between different clinical subsets of IIM.ConclusionSerum and muscle tissue metabolomics have the potential to distinguish (a) IIM from HC and (b) active IIM from inactive IIM irrespective of disease subtype.
Phytochemical Fingerprints and Bioactivities of Ripe Disseminules (Fruit‐Seeds) of Seventeen Gundelia (Kenger‐Kereng Dikeni) Species from Anatolia with Chemometric Approach
Authors: Ertas Abdulselam , Firat Mehmet , Yener Ismail , Akdeniz Mehmet , Yigitkan Serkan , Bakir Derya , Cakir Cansel , Abdullah Yilmaz Mustafa , Ozturk Mehmet , Kolak Ufuk 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGundelia species are known as “Kenger‐kereng dikeni” in Anatolia, and their aerial parts are consumed as food. Also, roots and seeds (disseminules) of the Gundelia species are used to prepare gum and coffee. The chemical contents of ethanol and hexane extracts of disseminules of 17 Gundelia species, 13 of them are endemic, were studied using LC/MS/MS and GC/MS. Additionally, their antioxidant potential and enzyme inhibitory capacity against acetyl‐ and butyryl‐cholinesterase, urease, and tyrosinase were determined. The unsaturated fatty acid ratios of Gundelia species were higher than their saturated fatty acid ratio. The highest sum of oleic and linoleic acid was detected in G. tournefortii var. tenuisecta (70.42 %). β‐Sitosterol, α‐amyrin, 3‐acetyllupeol were identified in 17 Gundelia species by GC/MS, while chlorogenic acid and luteolin by LC/MS/MS as major compounds. The ethanol and hexane extracts of G. siirtica, G. rosea, and G. mesopotamica indicated good cholinesterase inhibitory activity. Among all species, ethanol extract of G. colemerikensis exhibited the best activity in ABTS (IC50: 32.30±0.98 μg/mL), DPPH (IC50: 59.91±0.89 μg/mL), and CUPRAC (A0.5: 57.41±1.03 μg/mL) assays. Ethanol extract of G. colemerikensis also displayed the highest inhibitory activity against butyrylcholinesterase (51.14±0.25 % at 200 μg/mL), urease (51.71±1.75 % at 200 μg/mL), and tyrosinase (39.50±0.85 % at 200 μg/mL) enzymes. According to the chemometric analysis of fatty acids, four groups were observed. Therefore, it is suggested that G. colemerikensis can be used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries due to its antioxidant and enzyme inhibition properties.
Improvement of wheat cookies’ nutritional quality, by partial substitution with common bean and maize flours, sustained human glycemia and enhanced satiety perception
Authors: Mecha Elsa , Correia Verónica , Bento da Silva Andreia , Ferreira António , Sepodes Bruno , Figueira Maria Eduardo , Vaz Patto Maria Carlota , Rosário Bronze Maria 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundAs a dietetic source of fiber, protein, vitamins, minerals, and phenolic compounds, common beans have potential benefits in human health, namely in chronic diseases’ prevention (e.g., cardiovascular diseases and colon cancer). Still, legume consumption, especially in European countries, is below recommendations. The consumers demand for innovative, attractive legume‐based food products suggests a potential future increase in consumption of legumes, especially in modern societies, keen on ready‐to‐eat foods with known health benefits.ObjectivesWith the aim of studying, the impact of wheat flour's partial substitution by common bean (56%) and maize (22%) flours in the nutritional composition of formulated cookies and its effect on human glycemia and consumers’ satiety perception, after ingestion, a human intervention study (n = 16) was designed.FindingsApproved by consumers, common bean enriched cookies were responsible by reducing glycemic response, and by increasing satiety perception. The nutritional composition of common bean enriched cookies contributed to explain these effects.ConclusionsCommon bean enriched bakery food products are valuable nutritional options for consumers concerned with satiety and chronic diseases’ prevention.Significance and noveltyThis study showed, for the first time, through a human intervention trial the relevance of using legumes (common beans in particular) as alternative ingredients to improve ready‐to‐eat products’ nutritional quality.
Withdrawn: Demand dynamics for hydrocarbon fuels during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Vorona-Slivinskaya Lubov , Koryakov Alexey , Semenycheva Irina , Druzyanova Varvara 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWithdrawal: The withdrawal has been agreed following concerns regarding manipulation of the peer review and publishing process. Concerns were originally raised by third parties [1, 2]. Further investigation by the publisher has found manipulation of the peer review process. The withdrawal has been agreed because the peer review of the article was compromised.[1] B. E. Perron, O. T. Hiltz‐Perron, B. G. Victor, Revealed the inner workings of a papermill, 2021. https://retractionwatch.com/2021/12/20/revealed‐the‐inner‐workings‐of‐a‐paper‐mill/[2] A. Abalkina, Publication and collaboration anomalies in academic papers originating from a paper mill: evidence from a Russia‐based paper mill, 2022. https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.13322The above article, published online as accepted article, prior to the version of record, on June 07, 2021 in Wiley Online Library (http://wileyonlinelibrary.com) has been withdrawn by agreement between the journal's Editor in Chief and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Multicellular 4G and load balancing over cloud computing
Authors: Hamd Ravyar Jasim , Ali Yahiya Tara , Kirci Pinar 
Published: June 2021

SummaryLTE‐based Multicellular 4G is nowadays gaining an enormous success thanks to its flexible core network features and its large data rate. As the number of users increases, along with the different services provided by the telcos, it is becoming a challenging issue to cope with the contextual increase in the backhaul traffic size: a congestion problem. In this perspective, when combining multicellular LTE with Cloud Computing (CC), this would increase the core network load and the subsequent load on the servers located in the CC that delivers services to the LTE users. To address this issue, we introduce an architecture combining both multicellular LTE and CC, and we investigate the performance of different load balancer mechanisms, namely static and semi‐dynamic. Extensive simulation scenarios using different algorithms were set up. The obtained results were analyzed considering the Quality of Service (QoS) and computational resources for a deployed Web application.
The use of virtual reality in assessment and treatment of anxiety and related disorders
Authors: Meyerbröker Katharina , Morina Nexhmedin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn recent years the development of new virtual environments has been qualitatively high and fast at the same time, but the dissemination of virtual reality (VR) in clinical practice is still scarce. The aim of this review is to give an insight into the state of the art of the use of VR as an assessment tool and treatment intervention in anxiety and related disorders as posttraumatic stress disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorders.Besides an overview into the efficacy of VR, a summary will be given on assumed working mechanisms in virtual reality exposure therapy and how this aligns with current theoretical models. Further, it will be discussed how VR is accepted by patients and research into the reluctance of therapist to use this technology during treatment with focus on the therapeutic alliance and how it may be influenced by the use of VR. Finally, we discuss clinical and future issues as, for example, dissemination into clinical practice and what VR has to offer therapists in future. This not only in adult population but as well in younger patients, as young adolescents VR has a great potential as it connects easily with its playful elements to this population and might be a low threshold step to offer treatment or preventive interventions.
A dual‐power‐path charge pump for solar‐energy harvesting
Authors: Mui Tin Wai , Yang Jianxin , Lin Yajun , Zhou Yong , Zheng Yanqi , Guo Jianping , Leung Ka Nang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA 5‐stage linear charge pump with dual power paths for solar‐energy harvesting, implemented in a standard CMOS 180‐nm technology, is proposed. The dual power paths are implemented by normal‐VTH and low‐VTH MOSFETs. The low‐VTH MOSFET path reduces the minimum input voltage to 132.5 mV under no‐load condition, and another path formed by both low‐VTH and normal‐VTH MOSFETs achieves output current up to 11 mA at 0.3 V supply. With proposed arrangement of normal‐VTH and low‐VTH MOSFETs, reversion loss due to the leakage current of low‐VTH MOSFETs in off‐state is minimized to achieve peak power‐conversion efficiency of 85%.
Tgf‐βsuperfamily and limb regeneration:Tgf‐βto start andBmpto end
Authors: Sader Fadi , Roy Stéphane 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAxolotls represent a popular model to study how nature solved the problem of regenerating lost appendages in tetrapods. Our work over many years focused on trying to understand how these animals can achieve such a feat and not end up with a scarred up stump. TheTgf‐βsuperfamily represents an interesting family to target since they are involved in wound healing in adults and pattern formation during development. This family is large and comprisesTgf‐β,Bmps,activinsandGDFs. In this review, we present work from us and others onTgf‐β&Bmpsand highlight interesting observations between these two sub‐families.Tgf‐βis important for the preparation phase of regeneration andBmpsfor the redevelopment phase and they do not overlap with one another. We present novel data showing that theTgf‐βnon‐canonical pathway is also not active during redevelopment. Finally, we propose a molecular model to explain howTgf‐βandBmpsmaintain distinct windows of expression during regeneration in axolotls.
Isotopic niche variation in Tasmanian devils Sarcophilus harrisii with progression of devil facial tumor disease
Authors: Bell Olivia , Jones Menna E. , Cunningham Calum X. , Ruiz‐Aravena Manuel , Hamilton David G. , Comte Sebastien , Hamede Rodrigo K. , Bearhop Stuart , McDonald Robbie A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDevil facial tumor disease (DFTD) is a transmissible cancer affecting Tasmanian devils Sarcophilus harrisii. The disease has caused severe population declines and is associated with demographic and behavioral changes, including earlier breeding, younger age structures, and reduced dispersal and social interactions. Devils are generally solitary, but social encounters are commonplace when feeding upon large carcasses. DFTD tumors can disfigure the jaw and mouth and so diseased individuals might alter their diets to enable ingestion of alternative foods, to avoid conspecific interactions, or to reduce competition. Using stable isotope analysis (δ13C and δ15N) of whiskers, we tested whether DFTD progression, measured as tumor volume, affected the isotope ratios and isotopic niches of 94 infected Tasmanian devils from six sites in Tasmania, comprising four eucalypt plantations, an area of smallholdings and a national park. Then, using tissue from 10 devils sampled before and after detection of tumors and 8 devils where no tumors were detected, we examined whether mean and standard deviation of δ13C and δ15N of the same individuals changed between healthy and diseased states. δ13C and δ15N values were generally not related to tumor volume in infected devils, though at one site, Freycinet National Park, δ15N values increased significantly as tumor volume increased. Infection with DFTD was not associated with significant changes in the mean or standard deviation of δ13C and δ15N values in individual devils sampled before and after detection of tumors. Our analysis suggests that devils tend to maintain their isotopic niche in the face of DFTD infection and progression, except where ecological conditions facilitate a shift in diets and feeding behaviors, demonstrating that ecological context, alongside disease severity, can modulate the behavioral responses of Tasmanian devils to DFTD.
Females and males respond differently to calls impaired by noise in a tree frog
Authors: Zhang Haodi , Zhu Bicheng , Zhou Ya , He Qiaoling , Sun Xiaoqian , Wang Jichao , Cui Jianguo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBoth human and nonhuman animals communicating acoustically face the problem of noise interference, especially anurans during mating activities. Previous studies concentrated on the effect of continuous noise on signal recognition, but it is still unknown whether different notes in advertisement calls impaired by noise affect female choice and male–male competition or not. In this study, we tested female preferences and male‐evoked vocal responses in serrate‐legged small tree frog (Kurixalus odontotarsus), by broadcasting the five‐note advertisement call and the advertisement call with the second, third, or fourth note replaced by noise, respectively. In phonotaxis experiments, females significantly discriminated against the advertisement call with the fourth note impaired by noise, although they did not discriminate against other two calls impaired by noise, which indicates that the negative effect of noise on female preference is related to the order of impaired notes in the advertisement call. In playback experiments, males increased the total number of notes in response to noise‐impaired calls compared with spontaneous calls. More interestingly, the vocal responses evoked by noise‐impaired calls were generally similar to those evoked by complete advertisement calls, suggesting that males may recognize the noise‐impaired calls as complete advertisement calls. Taken together, our study shows that different notes in advertisement calls replaced by noise have distinct effects on female choice and male–male competition.
Parental perception of FIRES outcomes, emotional states, and social media usage
Authors: Farias‐Moeller Raquel , Wood Alexandra , Sawdy Rachel , Koop Jennifer , Olson Krisjon , van Baalen Andreas 
Published: June 2021

SummaryObjectiveTo investigate parental perception of FIRES outcomes, assess emotional states and related social media usage.MethodsA survey‐based study of parents of children with FIRES participating in a FIRES‐specific Facebook group was performed. The survey collected information on medical aspects of their child's course in the acute, subacute, and chronic periods, emotional states, and social media usage. Child outcome was assessed utilizing the pediatric extended Glasgow outcome scale (GOS‐E). Parental emotional states were assessed utilizing the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Descriptive statistics were performed. Associations were described using the Spearman rank correlation. Open‐ended questions were included. Thematic analysis was performed.ResultsTwenty‐nine surveys were analyzed. All children were in the chronic phase at time of survey response, except for two who died. Mothers answered 22 surveys, and fathers answered seven. Median age at FIRES presentation was 5.6 years [IQR 4.2‐8.95], with a median number of 3 seizures per week [IQR 0‐10, range 0‐50], 4 daily anti‐seizure medicines [IQR 3‐5], and chronic GOS‐E of 6 [IQR 2‐8 range 2‐8]. Most parents reported none to mild levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Higher seizure burden positively correlated with parental depression symptoms (r = .41 (95% CI 0.01, 0.70), P = .045). Most parents found social media helpful with coping and 96% desired FIRES research advertised. Twenty‐five parents shared their recommendations to fellow parents and the medical team in an open‐ended format. Themes included support, expertise, and medical advice.SignificanceDespite their children's significantly impaired functional outcome after FIRES and high rates of medically refractory epilepsy, the cohort demonstrated remarkable emotional resilience. They perceive social media as beneficial, are interested in social media‐advertised research, and share valuable advice. Social media may serve as an introductory platform to enhance the physician‐scientist‐parent/patient relationship.
Secure and efficient data storage and sharing scheme for blockchain‐based mobile‐edge computing
Authors: Zhang Lejun , Peng Minghui , Wang Weizheng , Jin Zilong , Su Yansen , Chen Huiling 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWith the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, IoT devices have been widely used to collect physiological health data and provide diversified services to the terminal users. However, traditional data storage and sharing scheme cloud computing based in IoT face many challenges. For example, IoT devices are usually resource‐constrained (storage, computing power, battery capacity, etc.), data signed by IoT devices to ensure data integrity and authenticity will consume a lot of computing resources of IoT devices. At the same time, there is the challenge of high latency and unsafe data storage and sharing. To overcome these challenges, we propose a secure and efficient data storage and sharing scheme for blockchain‐based mobile‐edge computing. In our scheme, we construct the unique signature private key in a region into multiple key shares. IoT devices only need to submit the data and the random key shares allocated to the edge node. Edge node uses the recovered signature private key to realize data signature and homomorphic encryption. At the same time, the edge node will process timely data and return to the user. For data that need to be uploaded to the cloud for analysis, we use backup uploads to avoid data floods. Through experiments, it was found that our scheme can not only realize low‐latency message response for the terminal users, but also realize anonymous identity verification while ensuring data integrity and authenticity. The key shares of the signature private key are stored in different blocks of the blockchain to improve fault tolerance. The content extraction signature algorithm ensures that the key shares stored in different blocks are publicly verifiable. Safety analysis and performance analysis verify the feasibility and effectiveness of our scheme.