bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Being Heard and Remembered: Young Adults’ Experiences of Recognition in the Social and Health Care Systems in Denmark
Authors: Andersen Julie Høgsgaard , Tjørnhøj‐Thomsen Tine , Reventlow Susanne , Davidsen Annette Sofie 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article draws on ethnographic material from a study among young Danish adults who have complex psychosocial problems and are not engaged in education or employment. Engaging the concepts of recognition (Honneth 2003, 2006) and care (Tronto 1994), we examine the young adults’ experiences of attitudinal, practical and relational aspects of encounters with professionals and services in the social and health care systems. We track how the young adults are socially visible or invisible as individuals depending on whether professionals show a genuine interest in the young adults’ specific stories and help meeting their needs over time. Social visibility is a prerequisite of recognition (Honneth 2003). We argue that at stake in the young adults’ encounters with professionals and services is the recognition of them as equal members of society, who deserve help with overcoming their problems and have something to contribute with. We examine the consequences of lack of recognition, and we conclude that paradoxically the efforts made by the system to help the young adults in some cases contribute to their experience of marginalization.
Comparison of efficacy and safety of entecavir and switching from entecavir to tenofovir alafenamide fumarate in chronic hepatitis B: Long‐term effects from a prospective study
Authors: Hagiwara Satoru , Nishida Naoshi , Ueshima Kazuomi , Yoshida Akihiro , Minami Yasunori , Kudo Masatoshi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimBoth entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) are widely used to treat chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Japan. However, it remains unclear whether the efficacy of TAF in decreasing the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) level, and its safety, are superior to those of ETV. This study aimed to report the long‐term effects and safety of 96‐week ETV and TAF treatment in patients with CHB.MethodsA prospective comparative observational study was undertaken on the following two groups: patients with CHB who received continuous ETV (n = 32) and patients with CHB who were switched from ETV to TAF upon request (n = 48). The HBsAg, urinary β2‐microglobulin (β2MG)/creatinine (Cr), urinary N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminidase (NAG)/Cr, and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and bone mineral density (lumbar spine and femur) at 96 weeks were compared.ResultsThe two groups did not significantly differ with respect to mean age, male / female patient ratio, or rate of hepatitis B e antigen‐positive status. The mean changes in serum HBsAg level and eGFR at 96 weeks were not significantly different between the two groups. The β2MG/Cr and NAG/Cr levels at 96 weeks were similar between the two groups. Additionally, the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and femur as well as the serum ALT did not significantly differ.ConclusionsWhen compared with patients who received continuous ETV, those who were introduced to TAF after ETV showed similar effects in terms of the decrease in HBsAg level and safety.
A review of Nigella sativa plant‐based therapy in dermatology
Authors: Hwang Jacqueline R. , Cartron Alexander M. , Khachemoune Amor 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNigella sativa (N. sativa) is a widely used medicinal herb with a rich cultural and religious history in Unani, Ayurveda, Chinese, and Arabic medicine. N. sativa contains many natural bioactive agents including alkaloids, saponins, alpha‐hederin, and thymoquinone that contribute to its broad range of benefits as a diuretic, bronchodilator, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and analgesic. In addition, N. sativa possesses antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, and antineoplastic effects, making it an interesting potential therapy for the treatment of dermatological conditions. This article reviews the current literature surrounding the pharmacological effects of N. sativa for the treatment of acne vulgaris, melanoma, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis, plaque psoriasis, and wound healing.
Reproductive biology of the swell shark Cephaloscyllium ventriosum (Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae)
Authors: Bernal‐Pérez Stephanie , Ochoa‐Báez Rosa Isabel , Galván‐Magaña Felipe , Soto‐López Katherin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe Cephaloscyllium ventriosum shark is present in the artisanal fisheries of elasmobranchs on the western coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico. The main characteristics of the sexual maturation of this species based on individuals captured from off north‐west Mexico in 2013–2016 are described. The size at maturity of this species was determined for the first time (total length 82 cm for females and 76 cm for males). Most females had one egg case per one uterus, and two per one uterus was an isolated event of low incidence. From the histological analysis of females, it was possible to show sperm storage in the oviducal gland. Fully developed sperm in immature organisms were identified in the testes. The main indicator of the maturity stage of males and their mating activity is the clasper. The present study provides evidence for a reliable estimation of the sexual maturity of these organisms, demonstrating the need for the combination of macroscopic and microscopic methods.
Identifying Medicare beneficiaries with dementia
Authors: Moura Lidia M. V. R. , Festa Natalia , Price Mary , Volya Margarita , Benson Nicole M. , Zafar Sahar , Weiss Max , Blacker Deborah , Normand Sharon‐Lise , Newhouse Joseph P. , Hsu John 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesNo data exist regarding the validity of International Classification of Disease (ICD)‐10 dementia diagnoses against a clinician‐adjudicated reference standard within Medicare claims data. We examined the accuracy of claims‐based diagnoses with respect to expert clinician adjudication using a novel database with individual‐level linkages between electronic health record (EHR) and claims.DesignIn this retrospective observational study, two neurologists and two psychiatrists performed a standardized review of patients' medical records from January 2016 to December 2018 and adjudicated dementia status. We measured the accuracy of three claims‐based definitions of dementia against the reference standard.SettingMass‐General‐Brigham Healthcare (MGB), Massachusetts, USA.ParticipantsFrom an eligible population of 40,690 fee‐for‐service (FFS) Medicare beneficiaries, aged 65 years and older, within the MGB Accountable Care Organization (ACO), we generated a random sample of 1002 patients, stratified by the pretest likelihood of dementia using administrative surrogates.InterventionNone.MeasurementsWe evaluated the accuracy (area under receiver operating curve [AUROC]) and calibration (calibration‐in‐the‐large [CITL] and calibration slope) of three ICD‐10 claims‐based definitions of dementia against clinician‐adjudicated standards. We applied inverse probability weighting to reconstruct the eligible population and reported the mean and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for all performance characteristics, using 10‐fold cross‐validation (CV).ResultsBeneficiaries had an average age of 75.3 years and were predominately female (59%) and non‐Hispanic whites (93%). The adjudicated prevalence of dementia in the eligible population was 7%. The best‐performing definition demonstrated excellent accuracy (CV‐AUC 0.94; 95% CI 0.92–0.96) and was well‐calibrated to the reference standard of clinician‐adjudicated dementia (CV‐CITL <0.001, CV‐slope 0.97).ConclusionThis study is the first to validate ICD‐10 diagnostic codes against a robust and replicable approach to dementia ascertainment, using a real‐world clinical reference standard. The best performing definition includes diagnostic codes with strong face validity and outperforms an updated version of a previously validated ICD‐9 definition of dementia.
Effort–Reward Imbalance and Its Effects on Satisfaction With Working Conditions and Sleep‐Related Problems: Comparison of Nurses and Other Occupations
Authors: Hong Kyung Jin , Cho Sung‐Hyun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to compare effort–reward imbalance (ERI) among registered nurses, social workers, and elementary school teachers, and to analyze the effects of ERI on satisfaction with working conditions and sleep‐related problems.DesignA secondary data analysis was conducted using cross‐sectional data from the Korean Working Conditions Survey collected in 2017. The study sample included 276 registered nurses, 97 social workers, and 229 elementary school teachers.MethodsThe effort index was measured using two dimensions (work intensity and working time quality) with seven subdimensions. The reward index consisted of three dimensions (social support, earning, and prospects) with five subdimensions. The ERI index was computed by dividing the average effort score by the average reward score. Linear or logistic regression analysis was conducted to compare efforts, rewards, and ERI among the three occupations and to examine the effects of ERI on satisfaction and sleep‐related problems.FindingsNurses had a significantly higher effort score than the other two groups. However, nurses had a lower reward score than elementary school teachers, but a higher score than social workers. The highest ERI index was found among nurses (0.47 ± 0.16), followed by social workers (0.39 ± 0.30) and elementary school teachers (0.30 ± 0.15). All three occupations showed an inverse relationship between ERI and satisfaction with working conditions and positive relationships between ERI and sleep‐related problems.ConclusionsThe high ERI (i.e., more effort relative to reward) perceived by nurses was associated with diminished satisfaction and increased sleep‐related problems.Clinical RelevanceTo attract future generations to nursing as a career choice and to ensure a sustainable nurse workforce, the nurse‐perceived ERI should be decreased by reducing work demands and increasing both monetary and nonmonetary rewards.
Dynamics of apoptosis‐related gene expression during follicular development in yak
Authors: Zhang Taojie , BaSang Wang‐Dui , Chang Weihua , Huo Shengdong , Ma Xingbin , Ju Xianghong , Yu Sijiu , Cui Sheng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe potential reproduction power of domestic animals is limited by a complicated follicular atresia process. P53, caspase‐9 (Casp9), Bax, Bcl‐2 and Fas play a crucial role in the ovarian mitochondrion‐dependent apoptosis and death receptor pathway. In accordance with this study, the expression levels of Casp9, Bax, Bcl‐2 and Fas were analysed in ovaries and oviducts of yak by immunohistochemistry (IHC). P53 and the above in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) from atretic (3–6 mm) to healthy follicles (6–8 mm) and in oviducts were examined from the luteal phase to the follicular phase during the oestrous circle by Western blot (WB) and real‐time PCR (RT‐PCR). Results demonstrated that typical classic apoptotic factors Casp9, Bax, Bcl‐2 and Fas were expressed in the cytoplasm and zonal pellucida of oocytes, primordial follicles, primary follicles, ovarian surface epithelium, ovarian GCs, granular lutein cells, surface epithelia in oviduct uterotubal junction and oviduct ampulla during the luteal phase. RT‐PCR and WB revealed that P53 and Fas significantly increased in GCs of atretic follicles. P53 and Casp9 increased in oviduct epithelium during the luteal phase, but Fas was unchanged. A contrary tendency was noted in Bcl‐2 and Bax expression. Overall, P53 and Fas play an essential role in inducing GC apoptosis, and Bax, Bcl‐2, Casp9 and P53 are involved in oviduct epithelial regeneration in yak.
Platelet function in dogs with chronic liver disease
Authors: Wilkinson A. , Panciera D. , DeMonaco S. , Boes K. , Leib M. , Clapp K. , Ruth J. , Cecere T. , McClendon D. 
Published: April 2021

ObjectivesTo assess platelet function, buccal mucosal bleeding time and plasma von Willebrand factor concentration in dogs with chronic inflammatory and/or fibrotic liver disease and to compare results with those obtained in healthy dogs.Materials and MethodsPreliminary study including 18 dogs with chronic inflammatory and/or fibrotic liver disease undergoing liver biopsy and 18 healthy age‐matched control dogs. Platelet function was assessed by measuring closure time with the PFA‐100® analyser using adenosine diphosphate (ADP) as an agonist. Buccal mucosal bleeding time, closure time and plasma von Willebrand factor antigen were measured in dogs in both groups. After undergoing ultrasound‐guided needle biopsy, dogs were monitored for haemorrhage to determine if there was an association of any measurement with post‐biopsy bleeding.ResultsThe closure time was not different between the liver disease group (median 76.3; range 53 to 118.5 seconds) and control group (72.8; 57 to 89.5 seconds). The buccal mucosal bleeding time was longer in the liver disease group (median 138; range 95 to 229 seconds) than the control group (103; 63 to 200 seconds). The plasma von Willebrand factor antigen concentration was not different between the liver disease group (median 203; range 109 to 351%) and control group (165.5; 63 to 246%).Clinical SignificanceIn this study, dogs with chronic necroinflammatory and/or fibrotic liver disease did not have overt, clinically relevant derangements in platelet function as assessed by buccal mucosal bleeding time, closure time and von Willebrand factor analysis. In addition, none of the dogs undergoing percutaneous ultrasound‐guided biopsy in the study exhibited bleeding complications post‐biopsy procedure.
Old wine in new bottles? Revisiting employee participation in Industry 4.0
Authors: Vereycken Yennef , Ramioul Monique , Hermans Maarten 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper aims to critically examine employee participation in Industry 4.0, with a systematic literature review. A total of 58 studies were reviewed, resulting in a categorisation of the literature into three perspectives. The ‘techno‐optimist’ and the ‘socio‐technical’ perspective dominate in the reviewed papers. They both confirm a trend that frames employee participation in a unitarist tradition, which emphasises synergies between managerial efficiency and (mostly individual) participation, leading to high innovation potential. The third perspective is rooted in critical studies. Authors writing on the latter subject predict more standardisation and centralisation, and the continued demise of collective and representative forms of participation. To better understand the role of employees in Industry 4.0, we suggest confronting the current discourse with robust empirical research. On that basis, we reject both technological and social determinism, and we acknowledge the structural ambiguities and multidimensionality of employee participation in technological transformations.
Intra‐individual differences in the effect of endurance versus resistance training on vascular function: A cross‐over study
Authors: Dawson Ellen Adele , Sheikhsaraf Bahare , Boidin Maxime , Erskine Robert M. , Thijssen Dick H.J. 
Published: April 2021

We used a within‐subject, cross‐over design study to compare the impact of 4‐weeks' resistance (RT) versus endurance (END) training on vascular function. We subsequently explored the association of intra‐individual effects of RT versus END on vascular function with a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of theNOS3gene. Thirty‐five healthy males (21 ± 2 years old) were genotyped for theNOS3rs2070744 SNP and completed both training modalities. Participants completed 12 sessions over a 4‐week period, either RT (leg‐extension) or END (cycling) training in a randomized, balanced cross‐over design with a 3‐week washout period. Participants performed peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) and leg‐extension single‐repetition maximum (1‐RM) testing, and vascular function assessment using flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) on 3 separated days pre/post‐training. Peak VO2increased after END (p < 0.001), while 1‐RM increased after RT (p < 0.001). FMD improved after 4‐weeks’ training (time effect:p = 0.006), with no difference between exercise modalities (interaction effect:p = 0.92). No relation was found between individual changes (delta, pre‐post) in FMD to both types of training (R2 = 0.06,p = 0.14). Intra‐individual changes in FMD following END and RT were associated with theNOS3SNP, with TT homozygotes significantly favoring only END (p = 0.016) and TC/CC tending to favor RT only (p = 0.056). Although both training modes improved vascular function, significant intra‐individual variation in the adaptation of FMD was found. The association withNOS3genotype suggests a genetic predisposition to FMD adapting to a specific mode of chronic exercise. This study therefore provides novel evidence for personalized exercise training to optimize vascular health.
Blood donor screening in the Netherlands: Universal anti‐HBc screening in combination with HBV nucleic acid amplification testing may allow discontinuation of hepatitis B virus antigen testing
Authors: van de Laar Thijs J. , Hogema Boris M. , Molenaar‐de Backer Marijke W. , Marijt‐van der Kreek Tanneke , Zaaijer Hans L. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn the Netherlands, blood donor screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) consists of HBsAg screening since the 1970s, HBV DNA minipool testing (MP‐NAT) since 2008, and anti‐HBc screening since 2011. Anti‐HBc reactivity causes deferral only if anti‐HBs titers are <200 IU/mL, or when anti‐HBc was acquired during follow‐up.Study design and methodsOver 5.5 million donations from 582,459 Dutch donors were screened for HBV DNA, HBsAg, anti‐HBc, and, if anti‐HBc positive, also for anti‐HBs. The added value, expressed as the yield of (potentially) infectious and/or recent HBV infections versus unnecessary donor loss, was evaluated for each of the three HBV screening tests.ResultsHBV donor screening identified 89 HBV‐infected donors with at least two reactive HBV markers (MP‐NAT, HBsAg and/or anti‐HBc). Single HBV‐marker yield was: 5 MP‐NAT‐only, 0 HBsAg‐only, and 20 anti‐HBc‐only donors. In addition, anti‐HBc screening yielded 1,067 potentially infectious donors at risk for occult HBV infection (OBI). In total, 4,126 (0.71%) donors were anti‐HBc‐reactive at first‐time screening, and 1,098 (0.19%) seroconverted during follow‐up. Anti‐HBc‐related donor loss was limited to 2,627 (0.45%) donors using anti‐HBs titers and two‐strike programs. Donor loss due to MP‐NAT and HBsAg screening was extremely low: 0 and 128 donors, respectively.ConclusionHBV donor screening could be limited to MP‐NAT and anti‐HBc screening. MP‐NAT and anti‐HBc improved blood safety by intercepting infectious donations from donors with recent infection or OBI, while HBsAg did not. Unnecessary donor loss related to anti‐HBc screening is substantial but does not endanger the continuity of the blood supply.
Psychometric properties of tools for initial screening for oropharyngeal dysphagia in older people: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Lauridsen Marie Krestense , Møller Liselotte Bang , Pedersen Preben Ulrich 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to identify and map the psychometric properties of screening tools designed to identify oropharyngeal dysphagia in older people.

Introduction:
Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a geriatric syndrome associated with reduced quality of life, malnutrition, dehydration, medical administration problems, and poor health care outcomes. It requires a multidimensional approach to treatment. The syndrome is present in approximately 60% of institutionalized, frail older patients and in 47% of frail older patients who are hospitalized.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider studies of screening tools for oropharyngeal dysphagia used in people older than 65 years who do not have stroke, Parkinson disease, sclerosis, or head and neck cancer. Patients who depend on respiratory support or feeding tubes will be excluded. All health care settings will be included.

Methods:
The JBI methodology for scoping reviews will be followed. The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, and Epistemonikos will be searched for relevant studies. Sources of unpublished studies and gray literature, including Google Scholar, will be searched. Articles published in English, Danish, Swedish, and Norwegian will be included. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts against the inclusion criteria. The full text of included studies will be read and relevant citations included. Disagreements between the reviewers will be resolved through discussion or with a third reviewer. The proposed data extraction form will be modified as necessary during the process. Data will be presented in diagrammatic form, and a narrative summary that aligns with the objective will be included.
A new miniature Pristella (Actinopterygii: Characiformes: Characidae) with reversed sexual dimorphism from the rio Tocantins and rio São Francisco basins, Brazil
Authors: Lima F.C.T. , Caires R.A. , Conde-Saldaña C.C. , Mirande J.M. , Carvalho F.R. 
Published: April 2021

A new species of the genus Pristella Eigenmann, 1908 (Pristella crinogi sp. nov.) is described from the middle rio Tocantins and middle rio São Francisco basins, Brazil. The new species can be diagnosed from its two congeners, Pristella ariporo Conde-Saldaña, Albornoz-Garzón, García-Melo, Villa-Navarro, Mirande, and Lima, 2019 and Pristella maxillaris (Ulrey, 1894), by a combination of color pattern and teeth morphology characters. A phylogenetic analysis of the genus recovered P. crinogi as the sister taxa of P. ariporo. Pristella crinogi, along with P. ariporo, are the first characiform fishes, and one of the first bony fishes, to be reported as presenting a reversed sexual dimorphism, with females presenting a more developed color pattern than males. Comments on the miniaturization of the species, as well as remarks on the biogeography of the genus Pristella, are presented.
Noether symmetry approach in Eddington-inspired Born–Infeld gravity
Authors: Kanesom Thanyagamon , Channuie Phongpichit , Kaewkhao Narakorn 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this work, we take a short recap of a formal framework of the Eddington-inspired Born–Infeld (EiBI) theory of gravity and derive the point-like Lagrangian for underlying theory based on the use of Noether gauge symmetries (NGS). We study a Hessian matrix and quantify Euler–Lagrange equations of EiBI universe. We discuss the NGS approach for the Eddington-inspired Born–Infeld theory and show that there exists the de Sitter solution in this gravity model.
Matter and dark matter asymmetry from a composite Higgs model
Authors: Ahmadvand M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe propose a low scale leptogenesis scenario in the framework of composite Higgs models supplemented with singlet heavy neutrinos. One of the neutrinos can also be considered as a dark matter candidate whose stability is guaranteed by a discrete $${\mathbb {Z}}_2 $$

Z
2

symmetry of the model. In the spectrum of the strongly coupled system, bound states heavier than the pseudo Nambu–Goldstone Higgs boson can exist. Due to the decay of these states to heavy right-handed neutrinos, an asymmetry in the visible and dark sector is simultaneously generated. The resulting asymmetry is transferred to the standard model leptons which interact with visible right-handed neutrinos. We show that the sphaleron-induced baryon asymmetry can be provided at the TeV scale for resonant bound states. Depending on the coupling strength of dark neutrino interaction, a viable range of the dark matter mass is allowed in the model. Furthermore, taking into account the effective interactions of dark matter, we discuss low-energy processes and experiments.