bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study On Antibacterial Properties of Iodine-Coated Implant in Acute Osteomyelitis Model
Authors: Zhuang Xiqi , Yang Weibing , Zhang Yongquan , Wang Wanming 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose We have developed a iodine-coated implant and evaluated its antibacterial properties against Gram-negative bacteria by constructing an experimental osteomyelitis model.Methods In this study, 16 titanium Kirschner-wires were selected, of which 8 titanium K-wires were treated with iodine on the surface by electrophoretic deposition with PVP-I solution. In our study, the standard strain of Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) was selected, and 16 New Zealand rabbits were selected. There were 8 rabbits in the iodine-coated group and 8 rabbits in the non-iodine-coated group. All animals were drilled in the left proximal tibia after successful anesthesia.After that,the iodine-coated group was implanted with iodine-coated titanium K-wires.Then, 25ul of 2×108CFU/ml bacterial suspension was injected into the bone marrow cavity with pipette gun, and the bone hole was sealed with bone wax.They were reared in cages for 1 week after operation, and evaluated and analyzed by microbiology, histopathology, scanning electron microscopy, etc.Results The results of gross wound score and microbiology showed that the wound infection of the iodine-coated group was less severe than that of the non-iodine-coated group, which was confirmed by the histopathological results. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy showed that the amount of bacteria on the surface of iodine-coated K-wires was significantly lower than that non-iodine-coated K-wires. Conclusions In this study, we have verified that the iodine-coated titanium implant could effectively inhibit E. coli infection in the early stage of infection by constructing an acute osteomyelitis model.
Biological and Clinical Factors contributing to the Metabolic Heterogeneity of Hospitalized Patients with and without COVID-19
Authors: D'Alessandro Angelo , Akpan Imo , Thomas Tiffany , Reisz Julie , Cendali Francesca , Gamboni Fabia , Nemkov Travis , Thangaraju Kiruphagaran , Katneni Upendra , Tanaka Kenichi , Kahn Stacie , Wei Alexander , Valk Jacob , Hudson Krystalyn , Roh David , Moriconi Chiara , Zimring James , Hod Eldad , Spitalnik Steven , Buehler Paul , Francis Richard 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic represents an ongoing worldwide challenge. Exploratory studies evaluating the impact of COVID-19 infection on the plasma metabolome have been performed, often with small numbers of patients, and with or without relevant control data; however, determining the impact of biological and clinical variables remains critical to understanding potential markers of disease severity and progression. The present large study, including relevant controls, sought to understand independent and overlapping metabolic features of samples from acutely ill patients (n = 831), testing positive (n = 543) or negative (n = 288) for COVID-19. High-throughput metabolomics analyses were complemented with antigen and enzymatic activity assays on 831 plasma samples from acutely ill patients while in the emergency department, at admission, and during hospitalization. We then performed additional lipidomics analyses of the 60 subjects with the lowest and highest body mass index, either COVID-19 positive or negative. Omics data were correlated to detailed data on patient characteristics and clinical laboratory assays measuring coagulation, hematology and chemistry analytes. Significant changes in arginine/proline/citrulline, tryptophan/indole/kynurenine, fatty acid and acyl-carnitine metabolism emerged as highly relevant markers of disease severity, progression and prognosis as a function of biological and clinical variables in these patients. Further, machine learning models were trained by entering all metabolomics and clinical data from half of the COVID-19 patient cohort and then tested on the other half yielding ~ 78% prediction accuracy. Finally, the extensive amount of information accumulated in this large, prospective, observational study provides a foundation for follow-up mechanistic studies and data sharing opportunities, which will advance our understanding of the characteristics of the plasma metabolism in COVID-19 and other acute critical illnesses.
Can platelet-rich plasma enhance the effect of meniscus repair?:a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Xie Yulei , Wang Shan , Yang Ju , Hu Anli , Wu Qing 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Studies have shown that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can enhance the effect of meniscus repair, but some studies have suggested different views on the role of PRP.Purpose: To determine whether PRP can enhance the effect of meniscus repair with respect to pain reduction and improved functionality and cure rate in patients with meniscus injury.Methods: By searching PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library databases, clinicaltrials.gov, and the CNKI database from their inception till December 1, 2020, we performed a meta-analysis of RCTs reporting the results of the Pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Lysholm score, healing rate, and adverse events. The risk of bias is assessed using Cochrane’s collaborative tools. The summary results are expressed with effect size and 95% confidence interval, and sensitivity and subgroup analysis were performed.Results: The meta-analysis included eight RCTs and 431 patients. In general, compared with the control group, use of PRP during meniscus surgery significantly improved the VAS (SMD: -0.40, P=0.002, 95%CI: -0.66 to -0.15) and Lysholm score (MD: 4.86, P=0.0009, 95%CI: 1.98–7.75) of patients with meniscus injury, but the PRP enhancement technique showed no benefit in improving the cure rate of meniscus repair (risk ratio [RR]: 1.22, P=0.06, 95%CI: 0.99–1.51). No serious adverse events were reported in any study. Conclusion: PRP deserves further consideration as an enhancement program for meniscus repair. However, the evidence still needs to be interpreted carefully because of the quantity and quality of the included studies.
Dynamic Assessment of the Pulmonary Veins in the Cardiac Cycle of Adults without Heart Disease by Cardiac CT
Authors: Dong Jing , Li Hui , Deng Yu-Jiao , zhou Jin-Rong , Shu Jian , Chen Jing 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of cardiac cycle and the traditional risk factors on the four pulmonary veins (PVs) of adults and to determine the phase for measuring the maximum value of PVs. Methods Cardiac CT was performed in 101 subjects. The diameter, area, cross-sectional angle, and coronal-section angle of four PVs in 10 phase were reconstructed and measured at 10% step from 5%-95% R-R interval. The differences in PVs size and spatial angles in cardiac cycles and the correlation between the indicators of four PVs and traditional risk factors were analized using two-level model. Results All the maximum size values of the four PVs were found in 45%, while the minimum values were found in 5% or 95% of cardiac phases. Gender influenced the size of three PVs—right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV), right inferior pulmonary vein (RIPV), and left inferior pulmonary vein (LSPV). The diameter of the RSPV was small in hypertensive patients and smokers. In addition, the cross-sectional angles of the left superior pulmonary vein (LIPV) changed during cardiac cycles, and age affected these changes. We found no changes in the spatial angles of the RSPV, RIPV, and LSPV, as well as the coronal-section angle of the LIPV. Conclusions PVs ostia size of normal person varies during cardiac phases. Compared with nomal person, AF could affect the cardiac phase in which the maximum and minimum of PVs is, and it may lead to a reduction of the PVs’ size slightly. For life science journals only.
Spread Risk Assessment of Invasive Axis Deer using Bioclimatic Niche Models
Authors: Etges Matheus Fragoso , Martínez-Lanfranco Juan A. , Guadagnin Demétrio Luis 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ecological niche models (ENM) calibrated with data from native and invaded ranges are useful tools to manage biological invasions and can be challenged by niche shifts and non-equilibrium processes. We modeled the extent of the potential invasion by the axis deer (Axis axis) worldwide, testing the reciprocal hypotheses of niche conservatism and shift. We quantified niche overlap on the multivariate climatic space and modeled climatic realized niche based on detailed field information. We showed that the axis deer shifted its realized niche after the invasion. We rejected the niche equivalency hypothesis. Most of the climatic niche available in invaded areas is contained in the native climatic niche. Non-equilibrium between native and invasive niches of the axis deer was confirmed due to a large number of unfilled areas in invaded regions. Our projections predict that the most significant regions suitable for the axis deer are located in tropical and subtropical climates around the equator and the southern hemisphere, mostly in the Neotropics.
Opposite Peak Ratio to Characterize Ground Motion Loading History for Performance-Based Design
Authors: Jayaprakash Arjun , Kowalsky Mervyn J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Recent studies have revealed the impact of ground motion loading history on performance limit states of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge columns such as reinforcement bar-buckling and residual drift ratio. Conventional hazard characterizations such as peak ground acceleration, spectral acceleration, and spectral displacement only capture peak values of ground motion hazard and, therefore, fall short of providing the necessary information to account for these limit states. In this study, a parameter termed as the opposite peak ratio (Rop) is defined, explored, and shown to be useful in reproducing loading history characteristics of ground motions for displacement-based design. Several past ground motion records were analyzed to develop empirical models that can estimate Rop. These models provide the mean and confidence intervals of Rop as a function of earthquake magnitude, epicentral distance, structural period, hysteretic model, and displacement ductility. To motivate practitioners to make use of Rop, a design scenario and two case studies are discussed. In an RC bridge column design scenario, it is shown that having prior information about the expected Rop at the site could reduce the structural cost of the bridge. Next, case studies designed to investigate correlations between Rop and the performance limit states of RC bridge columns are discussed. By analyzing the results of nonlinear time-history analyses of numerical RC column models, it is established that Rop could potentially be a significant variable in generating fragility models for these limit-states.
Automated Bag Breathing Unit for COVID-19 Ventilator Shortages
Authors: Gruslova Aleksandra , Katta Nitesh , Cabe Andrew G , Jenney Scott F , Valvano Jonathan W , Phillips Tim B , McElroy Austin B , LaSalle Robert K , Zahedivash Aydin , Truskett Van N , Viswanathan Nishi , Feldman Marc D , Wettstein Richard , Milner Thomas E , Derdak Stephen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global mechanical ventilator shortage for treatment of severe acute respiratory failure. Development of novel breathing devices has been proposed as a low cost, rapid solution when full-featured ventilators are unavailable. Here we report the design, bench testing and preclinical results for an 'Automated Bag Breathing Unit' (ABBU). Output parameters were validated with mechanical test lungs followed by animal model testing.Results: The ABBU design uses a programmable motor-driven wheel assembled for adult resuscitation bag-valve compression. ABBU can control tidal volume (200-800 ml), respiratory rate (10-40 bpm), inspiratory time (0.5-1.5 sec), assist pressure sensing (-1 to -20 cm H2O), manual PEEP valve (0- 20 cm H2O). All set values are displayed on an LCD screen. Bench testing with lung simulators (Michigan 1600, SmartLung 2000) yielded consistent tidal volume delivery at compliances of 20, 40 and 70 (mL/cm H2O). The delivered fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) decreased with increasing minute ventilation (VE), from 98% to 47% when VE was increased from 4-16 L/min using a fixed oxygen flow source of 5 L/min. ABBU was tested in Berkshire pigs (n=6, weight of 112±5.8 lb) utilizing normal lung model and saline lavage induced lung injury. Arterial blood gases were measured following changes in tidal volume (200-800 ml), respiratory rate (10-40 bpm), and PEEP (5-20 cm H2O) at baseline and after lung lavage. Physiological levels of PaCO2 (≤40 mm Hg [5.3 kPa]) were achieved in all animals at baseline and following lavage injury. PaO2 increased in lavage injured lungs in response to incremental PEEP (5-20 cm H2O) (p<0.01). At fixed low oxygen flow rates (5 L/min), delivered FiO2 decreased with increased VE.Conclusions: ABBU provides oxygenation and ventilation across a range of parameter settings that may potentially provide a low-cost solution to ventilator shortages. A clinical trial is necessary to establish safety and efficacy in adult patients with diverse etiologies of respiratory failure.
Dietary Lysine Requirements of Colossoma Macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) Based on Growth Performance, Hepatic and Intestinal Morphohistology and Plasma Biochemistry
Authors: Liebl Ariany Rabello da Silva , Nascimento Marcelo dos Santos , Duncan Wallice Luiz Paxiúba , Pantoja-Lima Jackson , Aride Paulo Henrique Rocha , Bussons Márcia Regina Fragoso Machado , Furuya Wilson Massamitu , de Oliveira Adriano Teixeira 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the dietary lysine requirements of juvenile Colossoma macropomum tambaqui based on growth performance. We also evaluated gut and hepatic histomorphometry as well as blood metabolites in accordance with the increased levels of dietary lysine. The juveniles (33.88 ± 2.47 g) were fed until apparent satiation with diets containing 6.60, 9.72, 12.84, 15.96, 19.08 and 22.20 g/kg of lysine. Fish were randomly distributed in groups of 10 fish per tank and assays were performed in triplicate, during 90 days. Tambaqui fed with 15.96 g/kg dietary lysine showed higher final weight (p = 0.001) and optimized feed conversion ratio (p = 0.001). Morphohistological modifications were present in livers of fish fed with low levels of lysine. In the proximal intestine, mucosa layer density was greater at the level of 15.96 g/kg (p = 0.001). In the middle intestine, height (p = 0.001) and perimeter (p = 0.001) of the villi were greater at low levels of lysine (respectively, 9.72 and 12.84 g/kg dietary lysine). Tambaqui fed with 15.96 g/kg of lysine achieved higher plasma protein concentrations (p = 0.01). Using the second-order polynomial regression analysis as support, and based on protein efficiency rate and body weight gain, dietary lysine requirement for juvenile tambaqui was calculated as 15.4–15.6 g/kg of diet (5.7–5.8% of dietary protein).
Rapid Geographical Indication of Peppercorn Seeds Using Corona Discharge Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Charoensumran Preeyarad , Rauytanapanit Monrawat , Srichar Nontawat , Smith Barry L. , Wongravee Kanet , Maher Simon , Praneenararat Thanit 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With increasing demands for more rapid and practical analyses, various techniques of ambient ionization mass spectrometry have gained interest due to its speed of analysis and the abundance of information provided. Herein, an ambient ionization technique that utilizes corona discharge was applied, for the first time, to analyze whole seeds of black and white peppers. This setup requires no solvent application or gas flow, thus resulting in a very simple and rapid analysis that can be applied directly to the sample without any prior workup or preparation. Combined with robust data pre-processing and subsequent chemometric analyses, this analytical method was capable of indicating the geographical origin of each pepper source with up to 98% accuracies in all sub-studies. The simplicity and speed of this approach open up the exciting opportunity for onsite analysis without the need for a highly trained operator. Furthermore, this methodology can be applied to a variety of spices and herbs, whose geographical indication or similar intellectual properties are economically important, hence it is capable of creating tremendous impact in food and agricultural industries.
A New Strategy for Using Historical Imbalanced Yield Data to Conduct Genome-Wide Association Studies and Develop Genomic Prediction Models for Wheat Breeding
Authors: Chu Chenggen , Wang Shichen , Rudd Jackie C. , Ibrahim Amir M.H. , Xue Qingwu , Devkota Ravindra N. , Baker Jason A. , Baker Shannon , Simoneaux Bryan , Opena Geraldine , Dong Haixiao , Liu Xiaoxiao , Jessup Kirk E. , Chen Ming-Shun , Hui Kele , Metz Richard , Johnson Charles D. , Zhang Zhiwu S. , Liu Shuyu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Using imbalanced historical yield data to predict performance and select new lines is an arduous breeding task. An association mapping panel of 227 Texas elite (TXE) wheat breeding lines was used for GWAS and a training population to develop prediction models for grain yield selection. An imbalanced set of yield data collected from 102 environments (year-by-location) over ten years was used. Based on correlations among data from different environments within two adjacent years and broad-sense heritability estimated in each environment, yield data from 87 environments were selected and assigned to two correlation-based groups. The yield best linear unbiased estimation (BLUE) from each group, along with reaction to greenbug and Hessian fly in each line, were used for GWAS to reveal genomic regions associated with yield and insect resistance. A total of 74 genomic regions were associated with grain yield and two of them were commonly detected in both correlation-based groups. Greenbug resistance in TXE lines was mainly controlled by Gb3 on chromosome 7DL in addition to two novel regions on 3DL and 6DS, and Hessian fly resistance was conferred by the region on 1AS. Genomic prediction models developed in two correlation-based groups were validated using a set of 105 new advanced breeding lines and the model from correlation-based group G2 was more reliable for prediction. This research not only identified genomic regions associated with yield and insect resistance but also established the method of using historical imbalanced breeding data to develop a genomic prediction model for crop improvement.
Improved Vehicle Detection Systems with Double-Layer LSTM Modules
Authors: Yang Wei-Jong , Liow Wan-Ju , Chen Shao-Fu , Yang Jar-Ferr , Chung Pau-Choo , Mao Songan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The vision-based smart driving technologies to increase road safety are the popular research topics for modern automobile industries. The development of precise moving object detection with continuously tracking capability is the most important technology for such purpose nowadays. In this paper, we propose an improved object detection system, which combines a selected object detector with its enhancements and long short term memory (LSTM) modules, to improve the detection performance for smart driving systems. First, from a selected object detector, we combine all vehicle classes and bypassing low-level features to improve its detection performance. After the spatial association of the detected objects, the outputs of the improved objector are then fed into the proposed double-layer LSTM (dLSTM) modules to successfully improve the detection of the vehicles in various conditions, including the newly-appeared, the detected and the gradually-disappearing vehicles. With stage-by-stage evaluations, the experimental results show that the proposed vehicle detection system with the improved procedures and dLSTM modules can precisely detect the vehicles without increasing computations.
Exercise-Induced Desaturation During a Six-Minute Walk Test in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension : A Retrospective, Observational Study
Authors: Choi Jung Hyun , Shin Myung-Jun , Lee Beong-Ju 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The study aimed to evaluate the practical implication of exercise-induced oxygen desaturation (EID) in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients.Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective, observational study from April 2016 to March 2018. Twenty patients diagnosed with PAH after right-sided heart catheterization (RHC) were assessed using trans-thoracic echocardiogram (TTE), pulmonary function test (PFT) , 6-minute walking test (6MWT) with gas analysis, body composition test, and muscle power tests. The occurrence of adverse events was assessed. Results: Ten patients showed EID during the 6MWT. Patients were divided into an EID group and a non-EID group. Epidemiological characteristics, TTE data, and RHC data did not differ between the two groups. Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), 6-minute walking distance, and peak oxygen consumption were significantly lower in the EID group (all p<0.05). The EID group showed higher risk of emergency room visits, readmission, lung transplantation surgery, and death (OR = 13.5, 95% CI 1.20–152.21). We developed a predictive scale for exercise-induced desaturation (PSEID) in PAH (AUC=0.91, 95% CI 0.75–1.00). A PSEID score of 4 or more predicted EID with 90% sensitivity and 90% specificity.Conclusions: EID occurred in half of the PAH patients during the 6MWT, and this group showed poor prognosis with more events, such as emergency room visits, re-admission, lung transplantation, and death. Our PSEID using 6MWT and PFT can assist physicians in the early identification of patients at risk of adverse events.Trial registration: CRIS KCT0005132 (retrospectively registered 16 Jun 2020, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/index/index.do)