bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human liver‐expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 elevation in the cerebrospinal fluid in bacterial meningitis
Authors: Sakai Katsuya , Shiomi Kazutaka , Mochizuki Hitoshi , Islam Md Nurul , Nabekura Hiroki , Tanida Ryota , Sakoda Hideyuki , Nakazato Masamitsu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo study the presence of liver‐expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and to measure its concentrations in neurological disorders.Materials & MethodsWe identified the presence of LEAP2 in human CSF by chromatographic analysis and a LEAP2‐specific enzyme immunoassay. We measured LEAP2 concentrations in the CSF of 35 patients with neurological disorders.ResultsCSF LEAP2 concentrations in the bacterial meningitis group (mean ± SD, 9.32 ± 3.76 ng/ml) were significantly higher (p < .05) than those in the other four groups (psychosomatic disorder, 0.56 ± 0.15 ng/ml; peripheral autoimmune disease, 1.00 ± 0.60 ng/ml; multiple sclerosis, 0.62 ± 0.30 ng/ml; aseptic meningitis, 1.59 ± 0.69 ng/ml).ConclusionsThis is the first study to identify the presence of human LEAP2 in the CSF. Levels of LEAP2 were increased in the CSF of patients with bacterial meningitis. LEAP2 may have potential as a biomarker for bacterial meningitis.
Tumor genomic, transcriptomic, and immune profiling characterizes differential response to first‐line platinum chemotherapy in high grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Weberpals Johanne I. , Pugh Trevor J. , Marco‐Casanova Paola , Goss Glenwood D. , Andrews Wright Natalie , Rath Prisni , Torchia Jonathon , Fortuna Alexander , Jones Gemma N. , Roudier Martine P. , Bernard Laurence , Lo Bryan , Torti Dax , Leon Alberto , Marsh Kayla , Hodgson Darren , Duciaume Marc , Howat William J. , Lukashchuk Natalia , Lazic Stanley E. , Whelan Doreen , Sekhon Harmanjatinder S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), there is a spectrum of sensitivity to first line platinum‐based chemotherapy. This study molecularly characterizes HGSOC patients from two distinct groups of chemotherapy responders (good vs. poor).MethodsFollowing primary debulking surgery and intravenous carboplatin/paclitaxel, women with stage III–IV HGSOC were grouped by response. Patients in the good response (GR) and poor response (PR) groups respectively had a progression‐free intervals (PFI) of ≥12 and ≤6 months. Analysis of surgical specimens interrogated genomic and immunologic features using whole exome sequencing. RNA‐sequencing detected gene expression outliers and inference of immune infiltrate, with validation by targeted NanoString arrays. PD‐L1 expression was scored by immunohistochemistry (IHC).ResultsA total of 39 patient samples were analyzed (GR = 20; PR = 19). Median PFI for GR and PR patient cohorts was 32 and 3 months, respectively. GR tumors were enriched for loss‐of‐function BRCA2 mutations and had a significantly higher nonsynonymous mutation rate compared to PR tumors (p = 0.001). Samples from the PR cohort were characterized by mutations in MGA and RAD51B and trended towards a greater rate of amplification of PIK3CA, MECOM, and ATR in comparison to GR tumors. Gene expression analysis by NanoString correlated increased PARP4 with PR and increased PD‐L1 and EMSY with GR. There was greater tumor immune cell infiltration and higher immune cell PD‐L1 protein expression in the GR group.ConclusionsOur research demonstrates that tumors from HGSOC patients responding poorly to first line chemotherapy have a distinct molecular profile characterized by actionable drug targets including PARP4.
Monalbidins A–E, Decalins with Potential Cytotoxic Activities from Marine Derived Fungus Monascus albidus BB3
Authors: Guo Qi , Lan Wen‐Jian , Chen Liu‐Ping , Lam Chi‐Keung , Feng Gong‐Kan , Deng Rong , Zhu Xiao‐Feng , Li Hou‐Jin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFive new decalins, monalbidins A–E (1, 2 and 7–9), together with 16 known compounds (3–6 and 10–21), were isolated from the AcOEt extract of marine derived fungus Monascus albidus BB3 cultured in GPY medium. Among the known compounds, 1‐hydroxymonacolin L (11), dehydromonacolin J (15), 8‐O‐acetylmonacolin J (19) and O‐acetylmonacolin K (21) were separated from natural sources for the first time. Their structures were determined by comprehensive analysis on the 1D and 2D NMR, HR‐ESI‐MS, UV and IR data, and their absolute configurations were assigned by experimental and calculated ECD data, and X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction analysis. Monalbidins C and D (7 and 8), monacolin K methyl ester (13), dehydromonacolin L (14), dehydromonacolin K (16), monacolin K (20) and O‐acetylmonacolin K (21) showed moderate cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines SUNE1, HepG2, QGY7701, HCT116 and MDA‐MB‐231.
Clinical outcomes after permanent polymer or polymer‐free stent implantation in patients with diabetes mellitus: The ReCre8 diabetes substudy
Authors: van Hemert Nicole D. , Rozemeijer Rik , Voskuil Michiel , Stein Mèra , Frambach Peter , Rittersma Saskia Z. , Kraaijeveld Adriaan O. , Leenders Geert E. H. , van der Harst Pim , Agostoni Pierfrancesco , Stella Pieter R. ,   The ReCre8 Study Investigators
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this analysis was to compare target‐lesion failure (TLF) of a permanent polymer zotarolimus‐eluting stent (PP‐ZES) versus a polymer‐free amphilimus‐eluting stent (PF‐AES) in diabetics.BackgroundThe improvement of outcomes with new‐generation drug‐eluting stent as seen in the general population is less pronounced among diabetics. The PF‐AES introduces an elution‐technology with potential enhanced performance in diabetics.MethodsIn this subanalysis of the ReCre8 trial, patients were randomized to either a PP‐ZES or PF‐AES after stratification for diabetes and troponin status. The primary device‐oriented endpoint was TLF, a composite of cardiac death, target‐vessel myocardial infarction and target‐lesion revascularization.ResultsIn the ReCre8 trial, 304 (20%) patients were diabetic and 96 (6%) had insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus. There was no statistically significant difference between the two study arms regarding the primary endpoint (PP‐ZES 7.2% vs. PF‐AES 4.0%; p = .21), although the composite of net adverse clinical events was higher in the PP‐ZES arm (15.7 vs. 8.0%; p = .035). Stent thrombosis was low in both groups with no cases in the PP‐ZES arm and 1 case in the PF‐AES arm (p = .32). Regarding insulin‐treated diabetics, TLF was higher in the PP‐ZES arm (14.9 vs. 2.1%; p = .022).ConclusionsDiabetics could potentially benefit from a dedicated stent, releasing sirolimus with a lipophilic carrier (amphilimus‐formulation). Future trials should confirm the potential benefit of a PF‐AES in this population.
Design and Synthesis of New Withaferin A Inspired Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors
Authors: Bonandi Elisa , Mori Mattia , Infante Paola , Basili Irene , Di Marcotullio Lucia , Calcaterra Andrea , Catti Federica , Botta Bruno , Passarella Daniele 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWithanolides constitute a well‐known family of plant‐based alkaloids characterised by widespread biological properties, including the ability of interfering with Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway. Following our interest in natural products and in anticancer compounds, we report here the synthesis of a new class of Hh signalling pathway inhibitors, inspired by withaferin A, the first isolated member of withanolides. The decoration of our scaffolds was rationally supported by in silico studies, while functional evaluation revealed promising candidates, confirming once again the importance of natural products as inspiration source for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds. A stereoselective approach, based on Brown chemistry, allowed the obtainment and the functional evaluation of the enantiopure hit compounds.
Schneller und schlauer
Authors: Schäfer Petra 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCovestro treibt den Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) im Unternehmen als auch in der gesamten chemischen Industrie noch stärker voran. Dazu untersucht der Leverkusener Werkstoffhersteller im Rahmen mehrerer Pilotprojekte über verschiedene Unterneh
Potenzial der Altanlagen nutzen
Authors: Dietrich Peter 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBeim Neubau von Prozessanlagen lassen sich Industrie 4.0‐Konzepte vergleichsweise leicht verwirklichen. Bei Bestands‐ oder Brownfield‐Anlagen, die bisher über den 4…20 mA Standard kommunizieren, war dies bisher nicht mit vertretbarem Aufwand möglich. Nun
Technologie‐Migranten aus der Fabrikautomation
Authors: Aust Alexander 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPepperl+Fuchs hat Hightech‐Sensoren, die sich in diskreten Anwendungen bewährt haben, mittels Ex‐Schutz für die Verfahrenstechnik in den Zonen 1/21 und 2/22 fit gemacht.
Hochleistungs‐Wälzkolbenpumpen
Authors: Würz Andreas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDie Wälzkolbenpumpen HiLobe bieten ein breites Spektrum an Saugvermögen und Einsatzmöglichkeiten. Sie decken zahlreiche industrielle Vakuumanwendungen wie Elektronenstrahlschweißen, Vakuumöfen oder Gefriertrocknung ab. Durch ihre individuelle Drehzahlrege
Intelligent integriert
Authors: Rockmann Ina 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDie Aufbereitung von Druckluft mittels Kältetrockner gehört mittlerweile zum Standard in vielen Anwendungsbereichen. Die neuen Schraubenkompressoren mit integriertem Trockner von Boge sind in den Leistungsbereichen von 55 bis 110 kW erhältlich. Anwender p
Radikal verbessert
Authors: Mendiberry William 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAtlas Copco hat eine Serie Drucklufttrockner vorgestellt, die mit dem neuen strukturierten Trockenmittel Cerades arbeiten. Die Produktreihe mit der Typenbezeichnung CD 20+‐335+ bietet dem Druckluftanwender eine deutlich bessere Luftqualität, niedrigere En
Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Chiral p‐Terphenylene‐Based Supramolecular Aggregates
Authors: Xie Titi , Yuan Wei , Li Xiaopei , Li Mengwei , Chen Yulan 
Published: April 2021

Main observation and conclusionCircularly polarized luminescent (CPL) materials with intense emission and high luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) are highly desirable for their promising applications in communication technologies, nanotechnologies, innovative materials, etc. Motivated by benefits in supramolecular chemistry and aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) materials for the development of advanced luminescent materials, herein, we report a new class of CPL‐active AIE luminogens (AIEgens) by incorporating the p‐terphenylene (TP) with chiral alkoxyl chains. Aggregation‐induced emission and supramolecular chirality have been realized by hierarchical self‐assembly of these TP cored coil‐rod‐coil molecules under the synergistic effect of π‐π stacking, hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces. Helical nanofibers with length up to several microns and tunable handedness in different condensed states, such as in poor solvents, thin films and gel states are produced, which exhibit strong CPL signals (glum) of ca. 10–2 and fluorescence quantum yields up to 56.7%. The well‐defined one‐component self‐assembly of AIEgens from a concise molecular design is expected to pave a general avenue to fabricate chiroptical materials with both strong emission and high glum, which would be practically important for advanced modern technologies.
Multifunctional Fire‐Resistant Paper Based on Ultralong Hydroxyapatite Nanowires†
Authors: Zhu Ying‐Jie 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPaper was one of the greatest inventions in ancient China, and it greatly promoted the rapid development of human civilization. Even in today's electronic information age, paper and paper‐derived products are still indispensable to people's daily work and life. However, the traditional paper based on cellulose fibers from plants has some problems. For instance: (1) papermaking consumes a large amount of precious natural resources such as trees; (2) the papermaking industry causes environmental pollution; (3) the traditional paper consisting of organic cellulose fibers is highly flammable and easy to burn; (4) the traditional paper based on cellulose fibers turns to yellow color with time; (5) the lifetime of the traditional paper is relatively short because of the degradation of cellulose fibers. More efforts are needed to investigate and solve these problems facing the traditional paper. In recent years, a new kind of multifunctional fire‐resistant paper based on ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires has been developed and investigated for various applications, and many research findings have been documented in the literature. This review article provides a comprehensive summary and discussion on recent research advances for this new kind of multifunctional fire‐resistant paper based on ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires, including the synthesis, properties, applications, and future perspectives.
Surface expression of the immunotherapeutic target GD2 in osteosarcoma depends on cell confluency
Authors: Wiebel Malena , Kailayangiri Sareetha , Altvater Bianca , Meltzer Jutta , Grobe Kay , Kupich Sabine , Rossig Claudia 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy of pediatric sarcomas is challenged by the paucity of targetable cell surface antigens. A candidate target in osteosarcoma (OS) is the ganglioside GD2, but heterogeneous expression of GD2 limits its value.AimWe aimed to identify mechanisms that upregulate GD2 target expression in OS.Methods and resultsGD2 surface expression in OS cells, studied by flow cytometry, was found to vary both among and within individual OS cell lines. Pharmacological approaches, including inhibition of the histone methyltransferase Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) and modulation of the protein kinase C, failed to increase GD2 expression. Instead, cell confluency was found to be associated with higher GD2 expression levels both in monolayer cultures and in tumor spheroids. The sensitivity of OS cells to targeting by GD2‐specific CAR T cells was compared in an in vitro cytotoxicity assay. Higher cell confluencies enhanced the sensitivity of OS cells to GD2‐antigen specific, CAR T‐cell‐mediated in vitro cytolysis. Mechanistic studies revealed that confluency‐dependent upregulation of GD2 expression in OS cells is mediated by increased de novo biosynthesis, through a yet unknown mechanism.ConclusionExpression of GD2 in OS cell lines is highly variable and associated with increasing cell confluency in vitro. Strategies for selective upregulation of GD2 are needed to enable effective therapeutic targeting of this antigen in OS.
Differential diagnosis of borderline personality disorder and bipolar disorder: Self‐concept, identity and self‐esteem
Authors: Wright Livia , Lari Lisa , Iazzetta Stefania , Saettoni Marco , Gragnani Andrea 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSymptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolar disorder (BD) often overlap. In some cases, it is difficult to conduct a differential diagnosis based only on current diagnostic criteria Therefore, it is important to find clinical factors with high discriminatory specificity that, used together with structured or semi‐structured interviews, could help improve diagnostic practice.We propose that a clinical analysis of identity, self‐concept and self‐esteem may help distinguish the two disorders, when they are not co‐morbid. Our review of the studies that analyse these constructs in BD and BPD, separately, points in the direction of qualitative differences between the two disorders. In BPD, there is a well‐documented identity diffusion, and the self‐concept appears predominantly negative; shifts in self‐concept and self‐esteem are often tied to interpersonal triggers. In BD, patients struggle with their identity, but narrative identity might be less compromised compared with BPD; the shifts in self‐concept and self‐esteem appear more linked to internal (i.e. mood and motivational) factors. We end the paper by discussing the implications for clinicians and ideas for future comparative research.
Evaluation of Switch‐to‐Brand Rates as a Potential Signal for Therapeutic Equivalency of Generic Antidepressants: A Real‐World Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kalaria Shamir , Spence O’Mareen , Hong Kyungwan , dosReis Susan , Gopalakrishnan Mathangi 
Published: April 2021

Negative clinical outcomes after switching from brand to generic antidepressants have raised concerns regarding therapeutic equivalency. This research aims to estimate the prevalence of switching and to identify predictors for generic to brand switching for various antidepressants. This retrospective cohort study utilized data from a 10% random sample of enrollees in the IQVIA PharMetrics Plus claims database from 2007–2015. The base cohort consisted of commercially insured patients who were prescribed escitalopram, duloxetine, or venlafaxine extended release (ER) anytime from the year prior to the generic launch through December 2014. The primary outcome was defined as a switch from generic to a brand within 14 days of sustained generic use in a 1‐year follow‐up period. Adjusted logistic regression and generalized estimating equations for repeated measures estimated the drug specific and overall odds of switch‐to‐brand among brand initiators relative to generic initiators, respectively. A total of 102,831 unique patients across 3 drug products contributed to the final analytic sample. The overall prevalence of switch from generic to brand was 0.74%. Across all three antidepressants, brands initiators were more likely to experience a switch‐to‐brand: escitalopram (odds ratio (OR): 14.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 11.14–18.64), duloxetine (OR: 8.08, 95% CI: 4.85–13.41) and venlafaxine ER (OR: 16.46, 95% CI: 11.56–23.46). The pooled odds of a switch‐to‐brand in brand vs. generic initiators was 13.77 (95% CI: 11.35–16.71). This study suggests a low overall switch‐to‐brand prevalence and may support therapeutic equivalence between brand and generic antidepressants. Initiating with a brand product was the strongest predictor for switching back to brand and suggests that patient experience may play a role in drug utilization.
Banks and environmental, social and governance drivers: Follow the market or the authorities?
Authors: La Torre Mario , Leo Sabrina , Panetta Ida Claudia 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper goes beyond the relationship between a bank ESG performance (ESGP) and corporate financial performance (CFP). Here, the link between ESG factors and financial benchmarks is analysed to verify whether banks may find in the market reaction sufficient stimuli (higher CFP) to adopt ESG conduct spontaneously. Using panel estimation methods on European banks listed in STOXX Europe 600, between 2008 and 2019, this paper tests the relationship between ESGP and CFP considering different dimensions of financial performance at once, both accounted‐based (ROA and ROE) and market‐based (Capitalisation to Book Value, Tobin's Q). Besides, we employ VBM (EVA Spread) not previously considered. The main findings support the current approach of banking authorities, focusing on bank ESG risks, more than ESG opportunities, in order to “force” banks into adopting a new ESG business model, at this early stage of transition to sustainability.
Complement factor D haplodeficiency is associated with a reduced complement activation speed and diminished bacterial killing
Authors: Langereis Jeroen D , van der Molen Renate G , de Kat Angelino Corrie , Henriet Stefanie S , de Jonge Marien I , Joosten Irma , Simons Annet , Schuurs‐Hoeijmakers Janneke HM , van Deuren Marcel , van Aerde Koen , van der Flier Michiel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesComplete deficiency of alternative pathway (AP) complement factors, explained by homozygous mutations, is a well‐known risk factor for invasive bacterial infections; however, this is less obvious for heterozygous mutations. We describe two siblings with a heterozygous NM_001928.3(CFD):c.125C>A p.(Ser42*) mutation in the complement factor D (fD) gene having a history of recurrent bacterial infections. We determined the effect of heterozygous fD deficiency on AP complement activity.MethodsWe determined the effect of fD levels on complement activation as measured by AP activity, complement C3 binding to the bacterial surface of Neisseria meningitidis (Nm), Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) and non‐typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), and complement‐mediated killing of Nm and NTHi. In addition, we measured the effect of vaccination of complement C3 binding to the bacterial surface and killing of Nm.ResultsReconstitution of fD‐deficient serum with fD increased AP activity in a dose‐ and time‐dependent way. Reconstitution of patient serum with fD to normal levels increased complement C3 binding to Sp, Nm and NTHi, as well as complement‐mediated killing of Nm and NTHi. Vaccination increased complement C3 binding and resulted in complete killing of Nm without fD reconstitution.ConclusionWe conclude that low fD serum levels (< 0.5 μg mL−1) lead to a reduced speed of complement activation, which results in diminished bacterial killing, consistent with recurrent bacterial infections observed in our index patients. Specific antibodies induced by vaccination are able to overcome the diminished bacterial killing capacity in patients with low fD levels.
DZIP1 regulates mammalian cardiac valve development through a Cby1‐β‐catenin mechanism
Authors: Guo Lilong , Beck Tyler , Fulmer Diana , Ramos‐Ortiz Sandra , Glover Janiece , Wang Christina , Moore Kelsey , Gensemer Cortney , Morningstar Jordan , Moore Reece , Schott Jean‐Jacques , Le Tourneau Thierry , Koren Natalie , Norris Russell A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundMitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common and progressive cardiovascular disease with developmental origins. How developmental errors contribute to disease pathogenesis are not well understood.ResultsA multimeric complex was identified that consists of the MVP gene Dzip1, Cby1, and β‐catenin. Co‐expression during valve development revealed overlap at the basal body of the primary cilia. Biochemical studies revealed a DZIP1 peptide required for stabilization of the complex and suppression of β‐catenin activities. Decoy peptides generated against this interaction motif altered nuclear vs cytosolic levels of β‐catenin with effects on transcriptional activity. A mutation within this domain was identified in a family with inherited non‐syndromic MVP. This novel mutation and our previously identified DZIP1S24R variant resulted in reduced DZIP1 and CBY1 stability and increased β‐catenin activities. The β‐catenin target gene, MMP2 was up‐regulated in the Dzip1S14R/+ valves and correlated with loss of collagenous ECM matrix and myxomatous phenotype.ConclusionDzip1 functions to restrain β‐catenin signaling through a CBY1 linker during cardiac development. Loss of these interactions results in increased nuclear β‐catenin/Lef1 and excess MMP2 production, which correlates with developmental and postnatal changes in ECM and generation of a myxomatous phenotype.