bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EDLRIS: A European Driving License for Robots and Intelligent Systems
Authors: Kandlhofer Martin , Steinbauer Gerald , Lassnig Julia , Menzinger Manuel , Baumann Wilfried , Ehardt-Schmiederer Margit , Bieber Ronald , Winkler Thomas , Plomer Sandra , Strobl-Zuchtriegl Inge , Miglbauer Marlene , Ballagi Aron , Pozna Claudiu , Miltenyi Gabor , Alfoldi Istvan , Szalay Imre 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article presents a novel educational project aiming at the development and implementation of a professional, standardized, internationally accepted system for training and certifying teachers, school students and young people in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Robotics. In recent years, AI and Robotics have become major topics with a huge impact not only on our everyday life but also on the working environment. Hence, sound knowledge about principles and concepts of AI and Robotics are key skills for this century. Nonetheless, hardly any systematic approaches exist that focus on teaching principles of intelligent systems at K-12 level, addressing students as well as teachers who act as multipliers. In order to meet this challenge, theEuropean Driving License for Robots and Intelligent Systems—EDLRISwas developed. It is based on a number of previously implemented and evaluated projects and comprises teaching curricula and training modules for AI and Robotics, following a competency-based, blended learning approach. Additionally, a certification system proves peoples’ acquired competencies. After developing the training and certification system, the first 32 trainer and trainee courses with a total of 445 participants have been implemented and evaluated. By applying this innovative approach—a standardized and widely recognized training and certification system for AI and Robotics at K-12 level for both high school teachers and students—we envision to foster AI/Robotics literacy on a broad basis.
A Miniature Fiber Tip Polystyrene Microsphere Temperature Sensor With High Sensitivity
Authors: Chen Haibin , Xie Tianchong , Feng Jiashuang , Zhang Xiongxing , Wang Wei , Li Yanping , Guo Zilong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA fiber-optic temperature sensor based on fiber tip polystyrene microsphere is proposed. The sensor structure can be formed simply by placing and fixing a polystyrene microsphere on the center of an optical fiber tip. Since polystyrene has a much larger thermal expansivity, the structure can be used for high-sensitive temperature measurement. By the illuminating of the sensor with a broadband light source and through the optical Fabry-Perot interference between the front and back surfaces of the polystyrene microsphere, the optical phase difference (OPD) or wavelength shift can be used for the extraction of temperature. Temperature measurement experiment shows that, using a fiber probe polystyrene microsphere temperature sensor with a spherical diameter of about 91.7 µm, a high OPD-temperature sensitivity of about −0.617 96 nm/°C and a good linearity of 0.991 6 were achieved in a temperature range of 20°C–70°C.
Exploring Parallelism to Improve the Performance of FrodoKEM in Hardware
Authors: Howe James , Martinoli Marco , Oswald Elisabeth , Regazzoni Francesco 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFrodoKEM is a lattice-based key encapsulation mechanism, currently a semi-finalist in NIST’s post-quantum standardisation effort. A condition for these candidates is to use NIST standards for sources of randomness (i.e. seed-expanding), and as such most candidates utilise SHAKE, an XOF defined in the SHA-3 standard. However, for many of the candidates, this module is a significant implementation bottleneck. Trivium is a lightweight, ISO standard stream cipher which performs well in hardware and has been used in previous hardware designs for lattice-based cryptography. This research proposes optimised designs for FrodoKEM, concentrating on high throughput by parallelising the matrix multiplication operations within the cryptographic scheme. This process is eased by the use of Trivium due to its higher throughput and lower area consumption. The parallelisations proposed also complement the addition of first-order masking to the decapsulation module. Overall, we significantly increase the throughput of FrodoKEM; for encapsulation we see a$$16\times $$16×speed-up, achieving 825 operations per second, and for decapsulation we see a$$14\times $$14×speed-up, achieving 763 operations per second, compared to the previous state of the art, whilst also maintaining a similar FPGA area footprint of less than 2000 slices.
Development of Maximal Dynamic Strength During Concurrent Resistance and Endurance Training in Untrained, Moderately Trained, and Trained Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Petré Henrik , Hemmingsson Erik , Rosdahl Hans , Psilander Niklas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
The effect of concurrent training on the development of maximal strength is unclear, especially in individuals with different training statuses.

Objective
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis study was to compare the effect of concurrent resistance and endurance training with that of resistance training only on the development of maximal dynamic strength in untrained, moderately trained, and trained individuals.

Methods
On the basis of the predetermined criteria, 27 studies that compared effects between concurrent and resistance training only on lower-body 1-repetition maximum (1RM) strength were included. The effect size (ES), calculated as the standardised difference in mean, was extracted from each study, pooled, and analysed with a random-effects model.

Results
The 1RM for leg press and squat exercises was negatively affected by concurrent training in trained individuals (ES =  – 0.35, p < 0.01), but not in moderately trained ( – 0.20, p = 0.08) or untrained individuals (ES = 0.03, p = 0.87) as compared to resistance training only. A subgroup analysis revealed that the negative effect observed in trained individuals occurred only when resistance and endurance training were conducted within the same training session (ES same session =  – 0.66, p < 0.01 vs. ES different sessions =  – 0.10, p = 0.55).

Conclusion
This study demonstrated the novel and quantifiable effects of training status on lower-body strength development and shows that the addition of endurance training to a resistance training programme may have a negative impact on lower-body strength development in trained, but not in moderately trained or untrained individuals. This impairment seems to be more pronounced when training is performed within the same session than in different sessions. Trained individuals should therefore consider separating endurance from resistance training during periods where the development of dynamic maximal strength is prioritised.
Pathophysiology and treatment of osteoporosis: challenges for clinical practice in older people
Authors: Barnsley J. , Buckland G. , Chan P. E. , Ong A. , Ramos A. S. , Baxter M. , Laskou F. , Dennison E. M. , Cooper C. , Patel Harnish P. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOsteoporosis, a common chronic metabolic bone disease is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. As the prevalence of osteoporosis increases with age, a paralleled elevation in the rate of incident fragility fractures will be observed. This narrative review explores the origins of bone and considers physiological mechanisms involved in bone homeostasis relevant to management and treatment. Secondary causes of osteoporosis, as well as osteosarcopenia are discussed followed by an overview of the commonly used pharmacological treatments for osteoporosis in older people.
Study on the Arctic Underwater Terrain-Aided Navigation Based on Fuzzy-Particle Filter
Authors: Liu Yanji , Zhang Guichen , Huang Zhijian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe ultra-low resolution underwater terrain maps of the Arctic region reduce the localization and navigation accuracy of the underwater vehicle relying on terrain-aided navigation. In this paper, we study the navigation ability of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) under the ultralow-resolution terrain map. Firstly, the low-resolution map is transformed into a continuous map by bilinear interpolation. Then, a Terrain-Aided Navigation (TAN) system based on the Particle Filter (PF) is constructed to estimate the state of AUV position by particles. Particles of a random distribution of fixed variance can effectively track targets. However, a fixed variance distribution is not well adapted to many different situations. To improve navigation accuracy and robustness, fuzzy logic is used to estimate the distribution variance of particles under the current terrain gradient dynamically. The simulation results show that our proposed Fuzzy-PF TAN system is robust under various current disturbance situations. The position error of our system is within a map resolution unit of 500 m.
Perceptions of ‘Precision’ and ‘Personalised’ Medicine in Singapore and Associated Ethical Issues
Authors: Ong Serene , Ling Jeffrey , Ballantyne Angela , Lysaght Tamra , Xafis Vicki 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGovernments are investing in precision medicine (PM) with the aim of improving healthcare through the use of genomic analyses and data analytics to develop tailored treatment approaches for individual patients. The success of PM is contingent upon clear public communications that engender trust and secure the social licence to collect and share large population-wide data sets because specific consent for each data re-use is impractical. Variation in the terminology used by different programmes used to describe PM may hinder clear communication and threaten trust. Language is used to create common understanding and expectations regarding precision medicine between researchers, clinicians and the volunteers. There is a need to better understand public interpretations of PM-related terminology. This paper reports on a qualitative study involving 24 focus group participants in the multi-lingual context of Singapore. The study explored how Singaporeans interpret and understand the terms ‘precision medicine’ and ‘personalised medicine’, and which term they felt more aptly communicates the concept and goals of PM. Results suggest that participants were unable to readily link the terms with this area of medicine and initially displayed preferences for the more familiar term of ‘personalised’. The use of visual aids to convey key concepts resonated with participants, some of whom then indicated preferences for the term ‘precision’ as being a more accurate description of PM research. These aids helped to facilitate dialogue around the ethical and social value, as well as the risks, of PM. Implications for programme developers and policy makers are discussed.
Smart damping of skew composite plates using Murakami zig-zag function
Authors: Khan N. Mehadi , Kumar R. Suresh 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe present work is aimed at deriving a finite element model for active constraining layer damping treatment (ACLD) of layered skew plates by incorporating zig-zag behaviour using a Murakami zig-zag function (MZZF). The ACLD in skew patch form comprises of 1–3 PZC material and viscoelastic material in the layer form placed on substrate skew plate. The overall skew substrate ACLD system deformation kinematics are derived using MZZF and the equations of motion for the same are derived by virtual work method. A MATLAB subroutine for the overall skew plate ACLD system has been developed to present the closed loop frequency responses by successful implementation of closed-loop feedback system. The substrate skew plates with different lamination schemes namely symmetric/antisymmetric cross-ply and antisymmetric angle-ply are considered to assess the damping behavior of the skew plates undergoing ACLD. Also, the piezo-fiber angle (obliquely reinforced) variation of the PZC layer on the damping responses of the skew plates have been thoroughly examined.
Enhancement of machinability of titanium alloy in the Eductor based PMEDM process
Authors: Jeavudeen S. , Jailani H. Siddhi , Murugan M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, an attempt has been made in PMEDM process to sustain the homogeneity in the powder-dielectric mixture irrespective of the nature of the powders, their particle size, concentration etc., The traditional way of powder mixing system in Powder Mixing Electric Discharge Machining (PMEDM) has been refurbished with a novel Eductor based system along with a metering devise to ensure uniform mixing of the powers with the dielectric. Additionally sintered crucible filtration test on the sample of powder-dielectric mixture ensured the presence of known quantity of powders in the dielectric. The experiments are conducted on Titanium alloy with Gap current, Duty factor, Delivery pressure, powder types (Alumina, Silica, and copper) and concentration of these powders as variable process parameters. The output responses, namely material removal rate, tool wear index and surface finish obtained during the machining process have been optimized using AHP-TOPSIS method. The confirmation test indicated that the closeness co-efficient value for the TOPSIS analysis improved by 2.37% compared with the predicted value.
Synthesis and characterization of different binary and ternary phase mixtures of mesoporous nanocrystalline titanium dioxide
Authors: Ermokhina N. I. , Shvalagin V. V. , Romanovska N. I. , Manoryk P. A. , Barakov R. Yu. , Kompanets M. O. , Sapsay V. I. , Klymchuk D. O. , Puziy A. M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDifferent phase compositions of mesoporous nanocrystalline TiO2(meso-nc-TiO2), comprised of anatase (16–100%), rutile (0–70%) and brookite (0–52%) were obtained by sol–gel synthesis with or without hydrothermal treatment (HTT) by means of titanium tetrabutoxide and dibenzo-18-croun-6 as structure-forming agent in the presence of HCl. It was shown, that small amounts of surfactant and/or lanthanum salt as well as HTT determine phase composition and texture of meso-nc-TiO2.All samples were calcined at 500оС and characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD and N2-adsorption/desorption isotherms. It has been established that photocatalytic properties of almost all obtained samples significantly exceed the photocatalytic activity of Evonik P-25 TiO2in gas phase ethanol oxidation. The most active sample is characterized by phase composition of anatase (97%)-rutile (3%). It is obvious, that decrease of photocatalytic activity of sample was affected by decrease of anatase phase content. It was shown that the specific surface area of the sample is not a key factor affecting the activity of mixed-phase meso-nc-TiO2samples in the process of ethanol oxidation.
Thermal expansion and structural properties of some (PbO)x(ZnO)35−x(TeO2)65 glasses
Authors: Schwarz Jiri , Ticha Helena 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe glasses (PbO)x(ZnO)35−x(TeO2)65 with 0 < x < 25 were prepared by conventional melting method. The substitution of ZnO by PbO leads to a decrease in the glass transition temperature (Tg) from 338 to 280 °C and an increase in the linear coefficient of thermal expansion (α) from 15.8 to 19.2 ppm K−1. A correlation between α and Tg has been confirmed by the Lindemann rule. The two prediction methods of the coefficient of thermal expansion (α) were compared with experimental values: the simple additivity model and the Mackenzie method. From Raman spectra, it is evident that the substitution of ZnO by PbO leads mainly to the conversion of TeO4 structural units to TeO3 structural units. This conversion leads to network depolymerization.
Dense Sub-networks Discovery in Temporal Networks
Authors: Dondi Riccardo , Hosseinzadeh Mohammad Mehdi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTemporal networks have been successfully applied to analyse dynamics of networks. In this paper we focus on an approach recently introduced to identify dense subgraphs in a temporal network and we present a heuristic, based on the local search technique, for the problem. The experimental results we present on synthetic and real-world datasets show that our heuristic provides mostly better solutions (denser solutions) and that the heuristic is fast (comparable with the fastest method in literature, which is outperformed in terms of quality of the solutions). We present also experimental results of two variants of our method based on two different subroutines to compute a dense subgraph of a given graph.
Circular Economy and the Transition to a Sustainable Society: Integrated Assessment Methods for a New Paradigm
Authors: Oliveira Mariana , Miguel Mécia , van Langen Sven Kevin , Ncube Amos , Zucaro Amalia , Fiorentino Gabriella , Passaro Renato , Santagata Remo , Coleman Nick , Lowe Benjamin H. , Ulgiati Sergio , Genovese Andrea 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe circular economy concept has recently gained prominence in political debate and corporate discourse around the world as a pathway towards sustainability. The academic debate is characterised by several and sometimes very contrasting definitions of the concept. We claim here that the issue is not finding silver-bullet solutions that will simultaneously support population growth, increasing affluence and environmental resource regeneration. We argue that a clearer definition is needed for the circular economy concept, in terms of strategies, objectives, future states and stakeholders’ needs. Also, assessment methods need to be developed for keeping track of the transition towards a circular economy. Within this context, this paper establishes the need for a multi-stakeholder, multi-dimensional and multi-criteria approach for the evaluation of the transition towards a circular economy across different time and spatial scales, as well as multiple sustainability dimensions.
Azacitidine Maintenance Therapy Post-Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Poor-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Keruakous Amany R. , Holter-Chakrabarty Jennifer , Schmidt Sarah A. , Khawandanah Mohamad O. , Selby George , Yuen Carrie 
Published: March 2021

Objective/Background:
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is the potential curative modality for poor- risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML), relapse remains the main reason for transplant failure. Early-phase studies showed azacitidine is safe for post-transplant maintenance therapy in AML.

Methods:
We performed a single institutional prospective cohort study to evaluate the benefit of azacitidine maintenance therapy following allogeneic HSCT in poor-risk AML. The main objective of this study is to generate a hypothesis aiming to optimize post-transplantation outcomes in poor-risk AML. Forty-nine adults with poor-risk AML who underwent allogeneic HSCT were evaluated in a nonrandomized prospective cohort fashion. Thirty-one participants received post-transplant azacitidine (32 mg/m2) on Days 1–5 for a 28-day treatment cycle beginning approximately 40 days after transplantation. The study was controlled using 18 matched individuals who were on a noninterventional surveillance protocol.

Results:
The relapse rate was significantly higher in the control cohort (66.67%) versus (25.81%) in the azacitidine maintenance cohort (p < .005). Time to relapse was significantly prolonged by azacitidine maintenance, not reached versus 4.1 months in the control arm (p < .0001). In addition, median overall survival was lower in the control cohort at 7.6 versus 27.4 months in the interventional cohort (p < .0001). At a median follow-up of 24 months, incidence of graft- versus-host disease (GVHD) did not differ between study groups (p = .325). In both cohorts, minimal residual disease was correlated with higher hazard of relapse (95% confidence interval, 2.31–13.74; p < .001).

Conclusion:
We conclude that low dose azacitidine maintenance following allogeneic HSCT in poor-risk AML, decreased relapse rate, and increased both the time to relapse and overall survival without increased risk of GVHD.
Antipsychotic prescribing in GMS paediatric and young adult population in Ireland 2005–2015: repeated cross-sectional study
Authors: Conlan K. , McGrath J. , Teeling M. , MacAvin M. J. , Bennett K. , Gallagher L. 
Published: March 2021

Objectives:To examine the rates of antipsychotic prescribing in the Irish paediatric and young adult population enrolled in the Irish General Medical Services Scheme pharmacy claims database from the Health Service Executive Primary Care Reimbursement Services database, with a focus on age and sex differences. To examine concomitant prescribing of certain other related medicines in this population.Methods:Data were obtained from the Irish General Medical Services (GMS) scheme pharmacy claims database from the Health Service Executive (HSE) – Primary Care Reimbursement Services (PCRS). Participants included children aged <16 years and youth aged 16–24 years availing of medicines under the HSE-PCRS GMS scheme between January 2005 and December 2015. Outcome measures included prescribing rates of antipsychotics from 2005 to 2015, differences in prescribing rates between different ages and sexes, and percentage of concomitant prescriptions for antidepressants, psychostimulants, anxiolytics and hypnosedatives.Results:Overall the trend in prescribing rates of antipsychotic medications was stable at 3.94/1000 in 2005 compared with 3.97/1000 in 2015 for children <16 years, and 48.37/1000 eligible population in 2005 compared to 39.64/1000 in 2015 for those aged 16–24. There was a significant decrease in prescribing rates for males in the 16–24 age group.Conclusions:While rates of antipsychotic prescribing have decreased or remained stable over the timeframe of the study, we did find a significant proportion of this population were prescribed antipsychotics. This study also shows that co-prescribing of antidepressants increased and highlights the need for guidelines for antipsychotic prescribing in children and youth in terms of clinical indication, monitoring, co-prescribing and treatment duration.
Learning and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders as Risk Factors for Prolonged Concussion Recovery in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Martin Alexia K. , Petersen Ashley J. , Sesma Heather W. , Koolmo Mary B. , Ingram Katherine M. , Slifko Katie B. , Nguyen Victoria N. , Doss Robert C. , Linabery Amy M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjective:Examine pre-existing learning disorders (LD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) as risk factors for prolonged recovery and increased symptomology following pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children/adolescents (5-17 years) with mTBI who presented to a Children’s Minnesota Concussion Clinic between April 2018 and March 2019. Differences across strata of pre-existing conditions (present vs. absent) in time to recovery measures were estimated via Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses and differences in symptom trajectories were examined via linear mixed-effects regression models. Regression models were adjusted for age, sex and other confounders.Results:In our cohort of 680 mTBI patients, those with LD (n = 70) or ADHD (n = 107) experienced significantly longer median durations of symptoms (58 and 68 days, respectively) than those without (43 days). Accordingly, LD was significantly associated with delayed symptom recovery (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.16–2.29), return to school (1.47, 1.08–2.00), and return to physical activity (1.50, 1.10–2.04). Likewise, ADHD was associated with delayed recovery (1.69, 1.28–2.23), return to school (1.52, 1.17–1.97) and physical activity (1.55, 1.19–2.01). Further, patients with LD or ADHD reported, on average, significantly more concussion symptoms and higher vision symptom scores throughout recovery versus those without. There was no evidence that concussion or vision symptom recovery trajectories varied over time between those with/without LD or ADHD (joint P-interactions > 0.05).Conclusion:Pre-existing LD and ADHD are risk factors for prolonged and more symptomatic mTBI recovery in youth. These results can inform clinical concussion management and recovery expectations.