bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DRUG PRESCRIBING PATTERN AND COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF ORAL ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS: REAL-WORLD DATA FROM INDIAN POPULATION.
Authors: MUSSTTAF GHADAH SALIM , HABIB ANWAR , MAHTOOK MARWAN 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate the drug prescribing pattern and pharmacoeconomics of oral diabetic medications in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus visiting the medicine OPD of HAH Centenary Hospital, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi.
Methods: Observational study conducts on 100 T2DM patients to assess their demographics and individual details such as disease history, BMI, and economic status along with the drug utilization assessment and cost-effectiveness analysis of prescribed drugs.
Results: Among 100 patients, 40 (40%) were male, and 60 (60%) were female, indicating that T2DM is slightly more prevalent in females. The mean age of the subjects included in the study is 51.46 years. Of the total number of patients, 64 were under oral antidiabetic drugs, and remaining were pregnant females under insulin. The majority of the subjects, 69.4%, were on multiple drug therapy and remaining treated with monotherapy. Metformin 500 mg (32.81%) was the most prescribed oral antidiabetic drug followed by glimepiride 4 mg (15.62%) and 12.5% for glimepiride 2 mg + metformin 500 mg, sitagliptin + metformin 50/500, and vildagliptin 50 + metformin 850, respectively. The maximum mean reduction of FBG was seen with glimepiride 4 mg (34.69 mg/dl) and lowest with metformin 500 mg (24.05 mg/dl). The cost per unit (1 mg/dl) reduction in FBG (ACER) was highest with sitagliptin 50 mg (INR 63.14) and lowest with glimepiride 1 mg + metformin 500 mg (INR 9.95).
Conclusion: Most type 2 diabetic patients in this setting were treated with multiple oral antidiabetic therapies. Metformin and sitagliptin were the most common choice as monotherapy agents. CEA concludes that the cost associated with diabetes is enormous and varies greatly. The combination therapy of glimepiride 2 mg + metformin 500 mg was the most cost effective.
Real-world treatment, clinical outcomes and healthcare resource utilization among persons with hemophilia A by age
Authors: Caplan Eleanor O , Patel Anisha M , DeClue Richard W , Sehman Marina , Cornett Daniel , Shaffer Tiffany Fair , Raimundo Karina , Suehs Brandon T 
Published: July 2021

Aim:
Examine real-world characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes among treated persons with hemophilia A (PwHA) stratified by age.
Patients & methods:
This study utilized US claims data from 1 January 2007–31 July 2018 from the Humana Research Database. Unadjusted comparisons were conducted across PwHA (<18, 18–55, 56–89 years) enrolled in commercial or Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug plans.
Results:
A total of 294 PwHA were identified; 21.1% experienced ≥1 bleeding event, and 41.2 and 53.1% had evidence of arthropathy or related disorders, and pain, respectively. Along with all-cause and hemophilia-related healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), these were highest among PwHA aged 56–89 years.
Conclusion:
Insights into treatment, outcomes and HCRU may identify opportunities for enhanced disease management, particularly in older PwHA.
ENHANCING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY AT 10TH GRADE OF COMPUTER AND NETWORK ENGINEERING CLASS AT SMKN 4 MALANG THROUGH L1/L2 BASED STRATEGIES
Authors: Junaida Rizki , Prastiyowati Santi 
Published: July 2021

The lack of speaking practice will cause some communication problems. When language learners do not know how to say a word in English, they can communicate effectively by using their hands, imitating sounds, using new words, or describing what they mean. Those ways can be done by the studentsas communication strategies. This research is aimed to describe the enhancement of students’ speaking ability at Computer and Network Engineering Class C of SMKN 4 Malang by using L1/ L2 based strategies. This Class Action Research (CAR) was conducted at SMKN 4 Malang. The subjects of this research were the students of thenth-grade of Computer and Network Engineering Class C, which consisted of 33 students. This classroom action research was conducted through the following procedures: preliminary observation, planning, implementing, observation, and reflection. There were two major indicators used as the criteria of success in this research. First, mean score of the post test was ≥ 75. Second, there should be 50% of students get score ≥ 75. Before conducting this research, a preliminary study was conducted to know the students’ problem in speaking skill. The result of the speaking test in preliminary study showed that the mean score of 33 students was 64.8. There were only 7 students who got score ≥ 75. In Cycle I, L1/L2 based strategy showed the improvement of students’ speaking. The mean score of Cycle I was 67.5. The Cycle 1 failed because the students who got ≥ 75 were only 6 students which were consisting of 21%. However, the mean score of Cycle II was 78.6. It means that the first criterion of success was achieved. Moreover, the students who got score ≥75 were 75.9%. Therefore, the all criteria of success were achieved. To sum up, the result of classroom action research proved that L1/L2 based strategies could enhance speaking ability at 10th Grade of Computer and Network Engineering Class C at SMKN 4 Malang.
The Moderating Role Of Change Management And Leadership Turnover: A Study Of Performance Accountability In Local Goverment
Authors: Anggini Septilia Woro , Rosidi Rosidi , Andayani Wuryan 
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence of the effect of the goverment internal control system and transparency on performance accountability by considering change management and leadership turnover as the moderating variable. This study was conducted on Local Goverment Organization (OPD) of Muara Enim Regency. The unit of analysis is 118 employees whose work are involved in the preparation of performance accountability. This study using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) statistical techniques with SmartPLS 3. This study finds that goverment internal control system and transparency has positive influence on performance accountability. Furthermore showed that change management doesn’t moderated the relationship between goverment internal control system and transparency on performance accountability. Leadership turnover successfully moderated the relationship between goverment internal control system and performance accountability. However leadership turnover doesn’t moderated the relationship between transparency and performance accountability. The results of this study can be used as evaluation material for the local government of Muara Enim Regency in the implementation of internal control system and transparency to achieve accountability of government performance. In addition, by looking at the factors of change management and change of leadership can provide benefits to local governments in carrying out tasks and obligations.
Bulgarian Vector for North Macedonia Foreign Policy: the Problem of Identity
Authors: Smirnov P. A. 
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the role of the identity factor in the Bulgarian-Macedonian relations. The main controversial issues acute in the period 1991–2021 are the question of the independence of the Macedonian language and the question of the “starting point” of Macedonian history. The foreign policy of the Macedonian republic is investigated in the context of Balkan states` striving for Euro- Atlantic integration. An important part of the study is analyzing the problems of the European Union enlargement to the south-east.As a result of the research, the author comes to several conclusions: Sofia’s opposition to Skopje’s accession to the EU has a solid economic implication; relations with the Bulgarian state have always been of key importance for the Macedonian republic, regardless of plans to join NATO and the EU, since touched upon the key issues of self-determination of the Macedonian people; the rhetoric of the Bulgarian side has a certain tendency to revise the role of Bulgaria in the Second World War, which is categorically unacceptable for the EU member states seeking to withdraw the historical agenda from the negotiation process on the Republic of North Macedonia’s accession to the European Union.
Study of the role of an infectious factor in the development of stroke in children. Results of a 5-year retrospective analysis
Authors: Ivanova A. A. , Shamsheva O. V. , Shchederkina I. O. 
Published: July 2021

Objective: Determine the role of infectious diseases in the development of strokes in children and to identify risk groups for its progression.Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 660 case histories of children aged 1 months to 1 8 years old, hospitalized in Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital with stroke in the period from 201 6 to July 2020 was carried out.Results. An infectious disease or fever 4 weeks before stroke is diagnosed in 78 (1 2%) cases. Infections more often act as a stroke trigger in children under 7 years old (28% in children under one year old). The incidence of strokes against a background of a bacterial infection is higher than against a background of a viral infection (47% versus 35%). Among bacterial infections, meningitis (35%), otitis media (24%), pneumonia (1 8%) prevailed. With a viral infection, viruses of Herpes are more common (44%), as well as respiratory viruses (37%). Two cases of cerebrovascular accident were revealed in children who have undergone a new coro-navirus infection SARS-CoV-2 (7%). Among the types of stroke, with bacterial infection, sinus thrombosis was more common (50%), among viral infection, the most common was ischemic stroke (60%). The presence of an additional risk factor was revealed in 72%, most often these were prothrombotic conditions (35%).
Clinical features of the course of Rhinoviral infection in children
Authors: Popova O. P. , Vartanyan R. V. , Trushakova S. V. , Bunin S. V. , Dracheva N. A. 
Published: July 2021

Acute respiratory viral infections remain the most common diseases in the world, accounting for about 90% of all infectious diseases. The possibilities of etiological decoding of ARVI using modern examination methods made it possible to establish an increase in the proportion of rhinovirus infection in the structure of ARVI.The aim of the study in this regard was to study the features of the clinical course of rhinovirus infection in children of different ages in modern conditions. The study included 50 patients with rhinovirus infection of children, among whom 1 2 children (24%) were under 1 year old; 34 children (68%) — 1—3 years old, 4 children (8%) — 3—7 years old. To confirm rhinovirus infection, a study of mucus from the nasopharynx by PCR was carried out.A thorough analysis of the symptom complex of the infection showed that in 1 3 (26%) patients the infectious process was limited to lesions of the upper respiratory tract, in 14 (28%) there were symptoms of acute stenosinglaryngotracheitis, in 1 1 (22%) children developed pneumonia, in 1 2 (24%) — bronchitis, with obstructive syndrome in 1 0 (83.3%) patients in this group.
A clinical case of chickenpox complicated by meningoencephalitis and cerebral edema in combination with a novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in a 5-year-old child
Authors: Kuzmina M. N. , Klimovitskaya E. G. , Eshmolov S. N. , Sitnikov I. G. , Elyakova E. V. 
Published: July 2021

The new coronavirus infection COVID-1 9 in children generally proceeds favorably, but in combination with other acute infectious diseases and in persons with background pathology and impaired immune reactivity may pose a particular threat.The article presents a clinical case of chickenpox, complicated by meningoencephalitis and cerebral edema, in combination with COVID-1 9 in a 5-year-old child. Chickenpox was not quite typical: against the background of febrile temperature, there was a scanty spot-papular rash with single vesicles that appeared later, the absence of elements on the mucous membranes and the development of neurological symptoms in the first day of the disease. CОVID-1 9 was characterized by a wave-like course with fever up to 39,1 °C, tonsillitis phenomena and inflammatory changes in the blood test.
A case of acute hepatitis with chickenpox in a young child
Authors: Greshnyakova V. A. , Ventslovayte N. D. , Goriacheva L. G. , Efremova N. A. , Shilova I. V. 
Published: July 2021

The article presents a case of an unusual course of chickenpox in a young child (1.5 months). The development of acute hepatitis against the background of the course of the disease is described.This clinical observation clearly demonstrates that the varicella zoster virus, like other viruses from the herpes family, is secondary hepatotropic and is capable of causing acute hepatitis. This experience allows us to recommend assessing liver function in patients with chickenpox, and, if abnormalities are found, supplement the standard therapy with the appointment of hepatoprotectors.
Effect of nitrogen fertilization and plant density on seed yield and fat content and quality of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) under climatic conditions of Belarus
Authors: Kwiatkowski Cezary Andrzej , Harasim Elżbieta , Yakimovich Alena 
Published: July 2021

This paper presents the results of a study on the effect of different N fertilization and seeding rates on yield and some quality parameters (of seeds) of pot marigold. A field experiment was carried out during 2014–2016 under soil and climatic conditions of Belarus (Priluki Research Station near Minsk). The experiment included the following factors: N fertilization rate 40, 60, 80, 100 kg ha–1; plant density per 1 m2 (30, 50, 70, 90). The experiment was set up as a randomized block design in five replicates, with a single plot area of 8.0 m2. The soil in Priluki was characterized by medium nutrient availability (at the level: P = 120–127, K = 164–174, Mg = 59–66 mg kg–1 soil). Regardless of the experimental factors, weather conditions had a significant impact on pot marigold productivity. The year 2016, characterized by an even distribution of rainfall during the growing season and moderate air temperatures, proved to be most beneficial for pot marigold productivity and quality. Hydrological conditions in the other years (2014 and 2015) there was a slight drought. The year 2014 should be considered to be cold, whereas the second year of the study (2015) was moderately warm. Best production effects (seed yield, fat yield) were obtained at rates of 60–80 kg N ha–1. This rate of nitrogen fertilization also modified the fatty acid composition, contributing to a higher content of linoleic acid and calendic acid (∑ α-calendic and β-calendic acids). A nitrogen rate of 100 kg N ha–1 proved to be irrational in terms of the quantity and quality of pot marigold yield. A density of 50–70 plants per 1 m2 resulted in the highest seed and fat yield per unit area. A plant density of 50 plants per 1 m2 resulted in the highest content of C18 unsaturated acids (stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid) in the oil.
Comparisons of hematologic results for juvenile versus adult shelter dogs presented for ovariohysterectomy or castration
Authors: KuKanich Kate S. , Springer Nora L. , Klutzke Joshuah B. , KuKanich Butch 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To compare hematologic results for juvenile versus adult dogs from shelters that outwardly appeared healthy and were presented for ovariohysterectomy or castration.

ANIMALS
138 dogs from 13 regional shelters.

PROCEDURES
Each dog underwent a physical examination (including use of a flea comb), age estimation by dental eruption characteristics, PCV, CBC, and tests for Dirofilaria immitis antigen and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi, and Ehrlichia canis antibodies. Additional diagnostic tests were performed as needed. Dogs were grouped by age as < 3, ≥ 3 to ≤ 6, or > 6 months of age, with dogs ≤ 6 months of age considered juveniles and dogs > 6 months of age considered adults. Hematologic results were compared across groups.

RESULTS
There were 138 dogs, of which 56 were juveniles (34 dogs < 3 months old; 22 dogs ≥ 3 to ≤ 6 months old) and 82 were adults. Juvenile (vs adult) dogs had lower mean calculated Hct and mean PCV whether dogs with infectious agents or parasites were included or excluded. The mean PCV and mean cell hemoglobin concentration were lower and the reticulocyte count higher for juvenile dogs < 3 months old (35.8%, 33.1 g/dL, and 135,000 reticulocytes/μL) versus adults (44.9%, 34.7 g/dL, and 68,500 reticulocytes/ μL). Most (98.6%) dogs underwent surgery as scheduled; 2 dogs had surgery postponed because of thrombocytopenia or parvovirus infection.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Our findings indicated that outwardly healthy-appearing juvenile shelter dogs often have results for PCV and calculated Hct that are lower than those for adult shelter dogs and adult dog reference intervals but rarely require postponement of ovariohysterectomy or castration.
PENDEKATAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE DALAM TINDAK PELAKU PENYEBARAN HOAKS
Authors: Lazuardi Glery 
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini yakni memberikan masukan kepada aparat penegak hukum agar menggunakan pendekatan Restorative Justice terhadap pelaku penyebaran informasi tidak benar atau hoaks. Kajian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan pendekatan Restorative Justice dapat diterapkan kepada pelaku penyebaran hoaks. Sebab, penerapan Restorative Justice sudah sesuai dengan falsafah bangsa Indonesia, yaitu Pancasila khususnya sila ke-4, yang mengedepankan musyawarah. Dengan demikian, harapannya upaya pemidanaan terhadap pelaku penyebaran hoaks dapat dikurangi dan dilakukan pendekatan melalui cara mediasi antara korban dengan pelaku penyebaran hoaks.
The purpose of this study is to provide input to law enforcement officials using the Restorative Justice approach to the perpetrators of disseminating hoaxes. This study uses a normative legal research method with a descriptive analytical approach. The results of this study indicate that the Restorative Justice approach can be applied to the perpetrators of hoax distribution. Because, the application of Restorative Justice is in accordance with the philosophy of the Indonesian people, namely Pancasila especially the 4th precepts, which prioritizes deliberation. Thus, the hope of efforts to reduce the perpetrators of hoax distribution can be reduced and approach is carried out through mediation between the victim and the perpetrators of the spread of hoaxes.
PERAN OJK DALAM MELINDUNGI PEMEGANG MEDIUM TERM NOTES MELALUI PENERBITAN POJK NOMOR 30 TAHUN 2019
Authors: Herry Christian Jordy , Edenela Kirana 
Published: July 2021

Tulisan ini mengkaji mengenai peran OJK dalam melindungi pemegang Medium Term Notes melalui penerbitan Peraturan OJK Nomor 30 Tahun 2019 dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian yuridis normatif. Hal yang akan dikaji adalah latar belakang OJK menerbitkan Peraturan OJK Nomor 30 Tahun 2019 yang mengatur mengenai efek bersifat utang dan/atau sukuk tanpa penawaran umum, yang salah satu contoh bentuknya adalah Medium Term Notes. Selain itu melalui tulisan ini, penulis juga akan mengkaji perbedaan pengaturan Medium Term Notes setelah ditetapkannya Peraturan OJK Nomor 30 Tahun 2019. Setelah mengkaji menggunakan pendekatan terhadap peraturan terkait, diketahui bahwa penetapan Peraturan OJK Nomor 30 Tahun 2019 adalah sebagai payung hukum guna mewujudkan kepastian hukum bagi pemegang Medium Term Notes untuk meminimalisir kasus gagal bayar seperti yang terjadi di SNP Finance. Perbedaan pengaturan penerbitan Medium Term Notes melalui POJK Nomor 30 Tahun 2019 secara jelas terlihat melalui hadirnya OJK dalam kewajiban pelaporan penerbitan Medium Term Notes dan adanya kewajiban pemeringkatan yang dilakukan oleh penerbit Medium Term Notes. Selain itu hadirnya peran Penata Laksana Penerbitan dan Agen Pemantau memberi dampak positif dalam mewujudkan asas keterbukaan guna realisasi dari Good Corporate Governance Principle.

This paper examines the role of Financial Fervices Authority in protecting Medium Term Notes holders through the issuance of Financial Fervices Authority Regulation No. 30 of 2019 using a normative juridical research approach. The matter to be examined is the background of Financial Fervices Authority issuing Financial Fervices Authority Regulation Number 30 of 2019 which regulates debt and/or sukuk securities without through public offering, one of the examples is Medium Term Notes. In addition, through this paper, the author will also examine differences in the regulation of the Medium Term Notes after the stipulation of Financial Fervices Authority Regulation Number 30 Year 2019. After examining using the approach to related regulations, it is known that the stipulation of Financial Fervices Authority Regulation Number 30 Year 2019 is as a legal umbrella in order to realize legal certainty for holders of Medium Term Notes to minimize default cases like SNP Finance. The difference in the arrangement of the issuance of the Medium Term Notes through Financial Fervices Authority Regulation Number 30 of 2019 is clearly seen through the presence of the Financial Fervices Authority in the reporting obligations of the issuance of the Medium Term Notes and the existence of the rating obligation performed by the issuer of Medium Term Notes. Besides that, the presence of the role of the Publishing Management and Monitoring Agent has a positive impact in realizing the principle of openness for the realization of the Good Corporate Governance Principle.