bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacteria in the amniotic fluid without inflammation: early colonization vs. contamination
Authors: Jung Eunjung , Romero Roberto , Yoon Bo Hyun , Theis Kevin R. , Gudicha Dereje W. , Tarca Adi L. , Diaz-Primera Ramiro , Winters Andrew D. , Gomez-Lopez Nardhy , Yeo Lami , Hsu Chaur-Dong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Intra-amniotic infection, defined by the presence of microorganisms in the amniotic cavity, is often accompanied by intra-amniotic inflammation. Occasionally, laboratories report the growth of bacteria or the presence of microbial nucleic acids in amniotic fluid in the absence of intra-amniotic inflammation. This study was conducted to determine the clinical significance of the presence of bacteria in amniotic fluid samples in the absence of intra-amniotic inflammation.

Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional study included 360 patients with preterm labor and intact membranes who underwent transabdominal amniocentesis for evaluation of the microbial state of the amniotic cavity as well as intra-amniotic inflammation. Cultivation techniques were used to isolate microorganisms, and broad-range polymerase chain reaction coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS) was utilized to detect the nucleic acids of bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

Results
Patients whose amniotic fluid samples evinced microorganisms but did not indicate inflammation had a similar perinatal outcome to those without microorganisms or inflammation [amniocentesis-to-delivery interval (p=0.31), spontaneous preterm birth before 34 weeks (p=0.83), acute placental inflammatory lesions (p=1), and composite neonatal morbidity (p=0.8)].

Conclusions
The isolation of microorganisms from a sample of amniotic fluid in the absence of intra-amniotic inflammation is indicative of a benign condition, which most likely represents contamination of the specimen during the collection procedure or laboratory processing rather than early colonization or infection.
A new locality record for the Syrian hamster, Mesocricetus auratus
Authors: Aidek Ahmad , Amr Zuhair S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A new occurrence record significantly expanded known distribution limits of the Syrian hamster further south into the Syrian Desert, about 150 km to the south from the known southern range border is reported. Updated distribution map for this species is given based on previous records from Syria and Turkey.
The in vitro antitrypanosomal activity of Albizia gummifera leaf extracts
Authors: Oloruntola Deborah Adebukola , Dada Ebenezer Oluyemi , Oladunmoye Muftau Kolawole 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
For the control and treatment of trypanosomiasis, a limited number of chemotherapeutic drugs with mild side effects are available. As a result, a quest for a less toxic herbal treatment for trypanosomiasis is needed. Ethanolic extract of A. gummifera leaf (EEAL) and aqueous extract of Albizia. gummifera leaf (AEAL) were tested for antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei in vitro. We first compared the phytochemical concentrations of EEAL and AEAL and discovered that EEAL had higher phytochemical concentrations on average than AEAL: flavonoids (4.26 mg/g vs 2.50 mg/g); alkaloids (38.40 mg/g vs 19.80 mg/g); tannins (230.7 mg/g vs 45.74 mg/g) and saponins (128.66 vs 44.33g/g). From the result of phytochemical concentrations of the two compounds, the higher values observed in flavonoids and alkaloid of EEAL led us to hypothesize that EEAL would have greater trypanocidal activity. Following that, EEAL and AEAL were tested for antitrypanosomal activity in vitro. Forty µl of blood holding in about 25±8 parasites/field was mixed with 20 µl of the EEAL and AEAL solutions of 100, 80, 60 mg/ml to produce an efficacious test concentration of 25, 20 and 15 mg/ml, sequentially. The extracts inhibited parasite motility and eliminated the organisms at the concentrations used in vitro, except for 15 mg/ml AEAL and 20 mg/ml AEAL. Following the screening, the Albizia gummifera ethanolic extract found to have positive in vitro trypanocidal activity. More research is needed to determine the concentrations of the extract for the in vivo test.
Review of the scientific evidence on the individual sensitivity to electromagnetic fields (EHS)
Authors: Leszczynski Dariusz 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Part of the population considers themselves as sensitive to the man-made electromagnetic radiation (EMF) emitted by powerlines, electric wiring, electric home appliance and the wireless communication devices and networks. Sensitivity is characterized by a broad variety of non-specific symptoms that the sensitive people claim to experience when exposed to EMF. While the experienced symptoms are currently considered as a real life impairment, the factor causing these symptoms remains unclear. So far, scientists were unable to find causality link between symptoms experienced by sensitive persons and the exposures to EMF. However, as presented in this review, the executed to-date scientific studies, examining sensitivity to EMF, are of poor quality to find the link between EMF exposures and sensitivity symptoms of some people. It is logical to consider that the sensitivity to EMF exists but the scientific methodology used to find it is of insufficient quality. It is time to drop out psychology driven provocation studies that ask about feelings-based non-specific symptoms experienced by volunteers under EMF exposure. Such research approach produces only subjective and therefore highly unreliable data that is insufficient to prove, or to disprove, causality link between EHS and EMF. There is a need for a new direction in studying sensitivity to EMF. The basis for it is the notion of a commonly known phenomenon of individual sensitivity, where individuals’ responses to EMF depend on the genetic and epigenetic properties of the individual. It is proposed here that new studies, combining provocation approach, where volunteers are exposed to EMF, and high-throughput technologies of transcriptomics and proteomics are used to generate objective data, detecting molecular level biochemical responses of human body to EMF.
Ansiedad precompetitiva y motivación en nadadores costarricenses de élite
Authors: Haase Mikaela 
Published: July 2021

This study aims to describe the management of precompetitive anxiety in elite Costa Rican swimmers aged 14 to 22 years old, identifying the motivating elements (external and internal) and how the relationship with their coach and their peer group influences the processes of motivation and precompetitive anxiety. Semi-structured interviews were conducted by the end of 2018. The results suggest that among the main elements associated with greater feelings of anxiety are the lack of objectives achieved before the competition, having a poor performance during training, and being aware of the importance of the respective competition. The elite swimmers’ motivations have been classified as intrinsic (Olympic competition, time improvement, placement in rankings) and extrinsic (family, coach, team) ones. Finally, results suggest that a bad relationship with the coach and peer groups could result in a loss of interest in training and competing. In conclusion, when presenting precompetitive anxiety, performance can decrease, causing non-fulfillment of objectives, which leads athletes to demotivate, maintaining anxiety for their next competitions.
Keywords: Precompetitive anxiety, Motivation, Swimming, Sport Psychology.
Ciencia e innovación social en la Amazonia Peruana desde la perspectiva y las experiencias del Centro Urku
Authors: Vecco Giove Daniel , Panduro Salas Hitler 
Published: July 2021

A partir de un recuento sumario de la problemática y los diversos valores que emergen en el departamento de San Martín, una locación transicional del piedemonte con el llano amazónico en Perú, se describen las condiciones y motivaciones de creación hace dos décadas de la asociación Urku Estudios Amazónicos y su programa piloto Centro Urku. Gracias al programa de innovación agraria Incagro pudimos articularnos con una serie de investigadores que nos ayudaron a superar ciertas limitaciones de formación y enfoques, mientras brindábamos soporte científico y técnico a las sociedades locales para la defensa de la naturaleza y los derechos indígenas. Luego de los luctuosos sucesos de junio 2009 en la Curva del Diablo, las reivindicaciones de los pueblos indígenas recibieron un respaldo inusitado y con este surgieron nuevos liderazgos y particularmente una organización, la Fekihd en alianza con Urku, aplicó una estrategia innovadora de desarrollo integral y conservación de sus territorios ancestrales, complementada con la creación de organizaciones económicas, donde destacan la asociación Ampik Sacha, la empresa Maray Sisa y la cooperativa agraria Mushuk Runa. La inconstancia de las políticas regionales y la influencia de poderes locales determinaron limitaciones en los procesos emprendidos, mientras que en el Centro Urku ajustábamos nuestros objetivos en busca de concientizar a los miles de usuarios que recibíamos cada año en la necesidad de promover sociedades más justas, en armonía con la naturaleza. Nuestra experiencia institucional demuestra como grupos locales con capacidad científica y técnica pueden contribuir para la solución de conflictos o en los avances de la reivindicación social, transfiriendo el poder de la razón y una jurisprudencia en temas ambientales y sociales. Al descolonizar el conocimiento, la ciencia se acerca, como producto y método, a los pueblos que tienen mucho por contribuir en la gestación y construcción del futuro.
La politización de la integración en Europa: una aproximación a través del análisis de la literatura
Authors: Hernandez-Garcia Nuria 
Published: July 2021

La imposibilidad de integrar a los inmigrantes es uno de los elementos principales que utilizan los partidos xenófobos europeos como reclamo electoral. Esta estrategia encuentra su base en lo que se ha llamado crisis de valores de las democracias liberales occidentales. El objetivo de este artículo será estrechar el marco teórico sobre el tan usado y politizado concepto de “integración” a través del análisis teórico y político del mismo y su desarrollo en indicadores. Se concluirá que la integración responde más a la parte subjetiva y de identidad, y por tanto individual. Esto llevará a proponer: la promoción de proyectos que favorezcan el diálogo intercultural basado en el respeto de los Derechos Humanos y del Estado de Derecho; así como la observancia de otros factores —como el económico— como determinantes en la exclusión de determinados grupos.
The importance of the compartment model of body composition analysis in women with severe obesity
Authors: Vidal-Linhares Renato , Barros-Costa Mônica , Marino-Rosa Felipe Monnerat , Do Vale-Quaresma José Carlos , Fernandes-Filho José , Castilla Fábio André 
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Obesity is usually diagnosed based only on body mass index (BMI), which may lead to an unreliable body composition analysis. Objective: To analyze the body characteristics of morbidly obese (class III) women referred to bariatric surgery using the compartment model of body composition analysis. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in 2017 in 14 morbidly obese women aged between 25 and 51 years, who attended clinical and physical therapy assessment prior to undergoing bariatric surgery at a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Body composition analysis was performed using an octopolar bioimpedance scale. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between variables, with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: A high mean percentage of fat body was observed (51.2%), mainly in the trunk. BMI was correlated with total fat in kilograms (r=0.93), total body fat percentage (TBF%) (r=0.67), total body water (r=0.63), and muscle mass (r=0.60); besides, a moderate correlation with the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was found (r=0.55). WHR showed a correlation with TBF% (r=0.60) and a moderate correlation with total fat in kilograms (r=0.57). Moreover, the sarcopenia index was correlated with muscle mass (r=0.79) and total body water (r=0.78). All these correlations were statistically significant (p<0.05). There were no sarcopenia cases. Conclusion: A higher concentration of fat in the trunk and the upper limbs was observed in the study population; however, none of the participants had sarcopenia. On the other hand, BMI showed a stronger correlation with both total fat (kg) and TBF% than with WHR. Such findings suggest that assessing these patients based only on BMI or WHR may hinder the development individualized treatment strategies.
Hospital de día en contexto de pandemia por COVID-19: experiencias de adolescentes asistiendo a intervenciones grupales telemáticas
Authors: Costa-Cordella Stefanella , Borgeaud Carmona Karin , Díaz Contreras Nicole , González Cano Ángela , Mazo Bontá Claudia , Cozzi Bas Amanda 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: explorar la experiencia de adolescentes usuarios del hospital de día que fueron parte de la adaptación telemática de las intervenciones grupales habituales de dicho hospital. Antecedente teóricos: los Hospitales de Día (HDD) son puntos de atención de hospitalización diurna y especializada cuyo objetivo es alcanzar la estabilización del usuario/a por medio de un tratamiento intensivo permaneciendo en su familia o comunidad. Los HDD en Chile son insuficientes. Una forma de ampliar la cobertura es la atención telemática, la que además se adapta a las limitaciones impuestas por la pandemia por COVID-19. Sin embargo, no existen estudios sobre atención telemática de HDD en Chile. Material y Métodos: de los 13 usuarios de la intervención, 10 participaron en este estudio. Se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas y encuestas autoaplicadas entre agosto 2020 y enero 2021. Las entrevistas fueron analizadas utilizando Análisis de Contenido y las encuestas se analizaron con estadísticas descriptivas. Resultados: se aprecia una especial valoración de los/las participantes por las interacciones sociales positivas (con pares y terapeutas). Aparece una percepción general de haber mejorado en habilidades socioemocionales y estado de ánimo. La implementación telemática resultó satisfactoria para la mayoría de los participantes quienes proponen agregar actividades que promuevan interacciones más profundas con sus pares. Conclusión: los elementos centrales de esta intervención serían la percepción de apoyo social (posible mecanismo terapéutico) y la sensación de mejorar las habilidades sociales y el estado de ánimo (posible resultado principal).
Characterizing Fundamental Resonance Peaks on Flat-Lying Sediments Using Multiple Spectral Ratio Methods: An Example from the Atlantic Coastal Plain, Eastern United States
Authors: Schleicher Lisa S. , Pratt Thomas L. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTDamaging ground motions from the 2011 Mw 5.8 Virginia earthquake were likely increased due to site amplification from the unconsolidated sediments of the Atlantic Coastal Plain (ACP), highlighting the need to understand site response on these widespread strata along the coastal regions of the eastern United States. The horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method, using either earthquake signals or ambient noise as input, offers an appealing method for measuring site response on laterally extensive sediments, because it requires a single seismometer rather than requiring a nearby bedrock site to compute a horizontal sediment-to-bedrock spectral ratio (SBSR). Although previous studies show mixed results when comparing the two methods, the majority of these studies investigated site responses in confined sedimentary basins that can generate substantial 3D effects or have relatively small reflection coefficients at their base. In contrast, the flat-lying ACP strata and the underlying bedrock reflector should cause 1D resonance effects to dominate site response, with amplification of the fundamental resonance peaks controlled by the strong impedance contrast between the base of the sediments and the underlying bedrock. We compare site-response estimates on the ACP strata derived using the HVSR and SBSR methods from teleseismic signals recorded by regional arrays and observe a close match in the frequencies of the fundamental resonance peak (f0) determined by both methods. We find that correcting the HVSR amplitude using source term information from a bedrock site and multiplying the peak by a factor of 1.2 results in amplitude peaks that, on average, match SBSR results within a factor of 2. We therefore conclude that the HVSR method may successfully estimate regional linear weak-motion site-response amplifications from the ACP, or similar geologic environments, when appropriate region-specific corrections to the amplitude ratios are used.
Evaluation of the diastolic functions of the heart in patients with heart failure after Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT)
Authors: Mujeeb Naushi , Zahed S K Saiful Haque , Gurung Sujata 
Published: July 2021

Improvement in systolic functions after CRThas been well-established, but the effect on Left Ventricular (LV) diastolic functions is variable and not well established. The aim of this study is to analyze the improvement in diastolic functions of the heart after CRT. Total 67 cases of Heart Failure (HF) eligible for CRT (mean age, 62.5 ± 11.73 years; 54 males and 13 females) with Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) ≤35% or New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class II, III / Ambulatory IV (IVA) were included in the study. LVEF, pulsed-wave Doppler (PWD) derived transmitral filling indices (E and A wave velocities, E/A ratio), and peak early diastolic longitudinal myocardial velocity (E´) wave by tissue doppler were measured pre and post CRT and were compared. Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) increased &#62;5% (responders) in 42 of 67 patients (62.6%) which was also associated with a reduction in pulsed-wave Doppler (PWD) derived indices that is E velocity, E/A ratio and E/E’ ratio while in non-responders (LVEF&#60;5%) the E velocity, E/A ratio, E’ did not show significant change but E/E’ reduced significantly after CRT. Left Ventricular Diastolic functions improved significantly after CRT in responders but not in non responders.
Effect of haemoglobin deficiency on cognitive functions in elderly of Bangalore city
Authors: Vybhavi Jyothi 
Published: July 2021

Adequate nutrition is fundamental to healthy ageing. Among older adults with anaemia, approximately one-third have evidence of iron, folate, and/or vitamin B deficiency. Lower haemoglobin levels are common in older adults and frequently are measured in clinical practice.1. To assess haemoglobin levels in elderly. 2. To assess cognitive functions in different levels of haemoglobin. This study involved 80 healthy elderly subjects with consideration of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Written informed consent was taken. For each subject, blood sample of 4ml was collected for Haemoglobin assessment. Anthropometric measurements were taken. 24-hour dietary recall, General history questionnaire and Spreen & Stauss Neuropsychology battery of tests were administered.Results were compiled and statistically analyzed. The results show that Elderly with haemoglobin deficiency had statistically significant low scores in all parameters (P &#60; 0.05), especially with executive function & processing speed.It can be concluded that haemoglobin levels were associated with worse global cognitive function and greater decline in psychomotor speed and executive function.
Anxiety and Depression as a Factor of Disability in People with Chronic Low Back Pain Referred to the Orthopedic Clinic of Touba Clinic, Sari in 2018
Authors: Khosravifar Shahrzad , Maddah Mohammadmoein , Abounoori Mahdi , Khosravifar Shaghayegh , Jafarpour Hamed , Mahmoudi Mani 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Chronic pain is one of the most common diseases in today's world, which has a serious influence on the quality of life. Low back pain (LBP) is very common in developed and developing countries. This study aimed to investigate anxiety & depression as a disability factor in chronic LBP in patients referred to the Orthopedic Clinic of Touba Clinic in Sari, Iran in 2018.
Material and Methods: The Ronald-Morris Disability Questionnaire was used to assess disability, the Beck Anxiety Questionnaire was used to assess anxiety, the Beck Depression Questionnaire was used to assess depression, the SF-36 was used to assess quality of life, and the Visual Analog Scale was used to assess pain.
Results: In this study, 100 patients were studied. Seventy were female and 30 were male. The mean age of patients was 45.05 ± 11.45 years. Sixty five patients suffered from depression and 35 patients had normal depression. The mean score for disability was 14.05, and the mean and standard deviation from the pain score of patients was 36.2 ± 2.7.
Conclusion: Depression is one of the disability factors in people with chronic LBP in patients referring to the orthopedic clinic of Touba Clinic in Sari city in 2018.
O saber e o fazer pedagógico: uma análise discursiva sobre a leitura e a escrita em tempos de ensino remoto
Authors: Herculano da Costa Francisco Célio , Vieira José Antônio 
Published: July 2021

O ensino remoto tem estado presente na maioria das escolas brasileiras desde que foram suspensas as aulas presenciais em consequência da pandemia da Covid-19. A implementação dessa forma de ensino tem sido desafiadora para profissionais da área educacional, considerando as especificidades regionais, das escolas e das famílias. Esse contexto nos incentivou a desenvolver o seguinte questionamento: de que modo a mediação do professor, no processo de leitura e escrita, tem funcionado no sentido de estimular os alunos a ler e a escrever? Para respondê-la, analisamos as percepções dos professores sobre o processo de leitura e escrita no ensino remoto. Especificamente, identificamos diferentes visões dos professores sobre o ensino remoto e a aprendizagem; e analisamos como leitura e escrita participam, enquanto mediação, do ensino de português a partir deste contexto. Utilizamos, como metodologia, questionários (virtuais), aplicados entre os dias 21-28/08/2020 a 32 professores das redes pública e privada de ensino. Fundamentamo-nos, principalmente, em Geraldi (1997; 2011), que nos apresenta o uso do texto como fundamental na construção e mediação do conhecimento; em Orlandi (2008), que considera que a linguagem é constituída a partir da relação entre homem e realidade histórico-social; em Smolka (1987), Soares (2014) e Mortatti (2020), que defendem o processo de alfabetização numa perspectiva discursiva. Nossos resultados indicam que parte significativa dos professores considera ser possível criar condições para atividades interativas envolvendo leitura e escrita, apesar das dificuldades referentes à motivação dos alunos e à disponibilização de ferramentas e de formação para a nova realidade do ensino.