bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of eight ABCB1 polymorphisms on antidepressant response in a prospective cohort of treatment‐free Russian patients with moderate or severe depression: An explorative psychopharmacological study with naturalistic design
Authors: Geers Lisanne M. , Ochi Taichi , Vyalova Natalya M. , Losenkov Innokentiy S. , Paderina Diana Z. , Pozhidaev Ivan V. , Simutkin German G. , Bokhan Nikolay A. , Wilffert Bob , Touw Daniël J. , Loonen Anton J.M. , Ivanova Svetlana A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMany antidepressants are substrates of P‐glycoprotein, an efflux transporter in the blood‐brain‐barrier encoded by the ABCB1 gene. Genetic variations might influence the transport rate of antidepressants and hence their pharmacological effects. This study investigates the influence of eight polymorphisms in the ABCB1 gene on antidepressant treatment response.Method152 patients were included from psychiatric departments of the Mental Health Research Institute in Tomsk. The difference in Hamilton‐Depression‐Rating‐Scale (HAMD‐17)‐scores between baseline and week two, week two and four, and baseline and week four was used to estimate timing of improvement of depression. Associations between the ABCB1 gene‐polymorphisms and reduction in HAMD‐17 score were assessed using independent t‐test and multiple linear regression.ResultsTricyclic antidepressants were associated with a higher reduction of HAMD‐17 score when compared to SSRIs. The SNP rs2235040 A‐allele had a significant positive influence on the ΔHAMD‐17(0→2W) score but a significant negative influence on the ΔHAMD‐17(2→4W) score. The rs4148739 G‐allele had a significant negative influence on the ΔHAMD‐17(0→2W) score but a significant positive influence on the ΔHAMD‐17(2→4W) score. The SNP rs2235015 T‐allele is significant negatively related to the ΔHAMD‐17(2→4W) score.ConclusionABCB1 Genetic variations appear to affect speed but not magnitude of antidepressant drug response.
Comparison of neonatal outcomes with and without the administration of betamethasone in late preterm births
Authors: Bulut Ayca N. , Cundubey Cevat R. , Ceyhan Venhar , Aydin Emine 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of antenatal steroid administration on neonatal outcomes in late preterm births.MethodsDemographic and neonatal data from women who gave birth between May 2018 and March 2021 at 34+0–36+6 weeks of gestation were screened from the information system of the hospital. The patients were assigned to two groups: those who were and those who were not given steroids. All parameters were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe 1‐minute (9 versus 8) and 5‐minute (10 versus 9) Apgar scores, need for a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay (23.7% versus 27.8%), length of stay (Day) in the NICU (1.97 ± 0.24 versus 2.45 ± 0.16), rate of transient tachypnea of the newborn (3.3% versus 7.8%), respiratory distress syndrome (2.5% versus 5.2%), need for mechanical ventilation (1.2% versus 3.8%), and neonatal sepsis (1% versus 2.6%) were lower in the group that received betamethasone compared with the group that did not; the differences between the two groups were statistically significant.ConclusionBased on the results of the present study, we believe that antenatal steroid administration would be beneficial before late preterm births occurring between 34+0 and 36+6 weeks of pregnancy, considering the significant reduction in various respiratory complications, especially in respiratory distress syndrome and the need for an NICU stay.
A practical introduction to conducting and using case‐control studies
Authors: Jackevicius Cynthia A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCase‐control studies are a commonly encountered observational study design in pharmacy practice and pharmacotherapy research. This practical introduction to conducting and using case‐control studies focuses on the key risk of bias concepts related to the selection of cases and controls and measurement of the exposure. This article also explains how to calculate and interpret odds ratios for exposure in the context of case‐control studies. Finally, considerations for the applicability of case‐control study findings are provided in the context of clinical decision‐making around harmful exposures. Practical checklists are provided for users and researchers conducting case‐control studies.
Moufang sets generated by translations in unitals
Authors: Grundhöfer Theo , Stroppel Markus J. , Van Maldeghem Hendrik 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe consider unitals of order with two points which are centers of translation groups of order . The group generated by these translations induces a Moufang set on the block joining the two points. We show that is either (as in all classical unitals and also in some nonclassical examples), or , or a Suzuki, or a Ree group. Moreover, is semiregular outside the special block.
Study on perinatal‐related factors of maternity and newborn in parturients with intrapartum fever in part of Eastern China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Fan Yuru , Fan Chong , Mao Pengyuan , Rui Can , Wang Xinyan , Hou Wenwen , Luan Ting , Dong Zhiyong , Li Ping , Feng Shanwu , Zeng Xin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMaternal intrapartum fever has a serious impact on mother and child. However, the corresponding study seems to be in short.MethodsThe role of inflammatory cells in patients who were diagnosed with intrapartum fever lived in part of Eastern China was evaluated. The obstetrics outcomes, complete blood cell count (CBC) and thereby converted neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio, monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and vaginal secretion were compared in different groups.ResultsPrepartum values of white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), and hemoglobin (Hb) were all a little higher in the febrile group than in the afebrile group, and postpartum WBC in the afebrile group was still higher while postpartum RBC and Hb were inferior to non‐fever maternity. Postpartum NLR and MLR were all higher in the fever group but not preferred overtly difference before delivery. Additionally, the comparison of WBC, RBC, Hb, platelets, neutrophils, and monocytes in prepartum and postpartum all showed significant differences.ConclusionThe parturition could bring about the value change of CBC and intrapartum fever might aggravate or alleviate this change. Besides, the intrapartum fever might not be caused mainly by infection and the difference between bacteria and fungus could reflect in the CBC.
Comparative growth characteristics and interspecific competitive interaction of two cyanobacteria, Phormidium autumnale and Nostoc sp.
Authors: Yadav Seema , Anam Giridhar Babu , Ahn Young‐Ho 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study examined the growth characteristics and competitive interaction of two cyanobacteria, Phormidium autumnale GJ_2B_I1 and Nostoc sp. DS_2B_I1, which were newly isolated from a southeast river (Nakdong) during the cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom (CyanoHAB) season in Korea. As major environmental parameters, water temperature (25 and 30 °C) and alkalinity (19–78 mg CaCO3 L–1) and nitrate concentration (1.5–3.5 mg NO3–N L–1) were selected based on the water environmental monitoring data during the CyanoHAB season. Unlike P. autumnale, Nostoc sp. has a relatively high growth rate under both monoculture and co‐culture and prefers the maximum environmental conditions (30 °C and 78 mg CaCO3 L–1; pH 9) during the CyanoHAB season. In addition, the growth of P. autumnale is relatively unaffected by alkalinity. Nitrogen (N) stress also has a limiting effect in the interspecific interactions of both cyanobacterial strains. All other cases except for Nostoc sp. in a co‐culture showed a considerable increase in growth rate with increasing N content (1.5–3.5 mg NO3–N L–1), showing 20–64% under the minimum field conditions (25 °C and 19 mg CaCO3 L–1; pH 7) and 18–140% under the maximum field conditions. The results show that the growth of P. autumnale can be stimulated by enhanced N stress. On the other hand, Nostoc sp. is less affected by N stress compared with P. autumnale. Therefore, it has excellent potential to be a major group of CyanoHABs because of their relatively high growth rate, particularly in the range of N tested.
A novel compound heterozygous variant linked to hematuria in a family with hereditary factor VII deficiency
Authors: Hu Ya‐Nan , Gan Yu‐Mian , Zhang Yan‐Ping , Ruan Dan‐Dan , Zhu Yao‐Bin , Lin Xin‐Fu , Fang Zhu‐Ting , Liao Li‐Sheng , Tang Fa‐Qiang , Luo Jie‐Wei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundHereditary factor VII deficiency (FVIID) is a rare congenital autosomal recessive bleeding disorder. In clinical manifestations, its onset is caused by variant of the F7 gene (NM_019616) with strong heterogeneity. We identified a family with hematuria caused by a novel F7 compound heterozygous variant and investigated the FVIID‐dependent mechanism impacted by these variants.MethodsCoagulation factors in the proband were functionally verified. We located pathogenic variants in relevant genes using next‐generation sequencing after target enrichment and verified them by Sanger sequencing. We examined the coagulation activity and secretion pattern of recombinant FVII variants expressed in cells and observed their location and stability by immunofluorescence.ResultsWe found a missense variant c.1207G>A (p.Gly403Ser) and a frameshift variant c.154_155del (p.Arg53fs) in the F7 gene of the proband. FVII activity tests showed that the variants significantly decreased its presence in the cell culture supernatant. Moreover, the R53fs mutant lacked the FVII functional domain and had no detectable activity. Immunofluorescence indicated that the p.Gly403Ser variant was distributed to the cell membrane and cytoplasm, whereas the FVII R53fs variant was not detected. Deficient FVII protein function and severe coagulation disorder are the likely causes of hematuria and other bleeding symptoms in the proband.ConclusionsThe newly discovered F7 gene variants enrich the spectrum of hereditary FVII deficiency and provide a new foundation for the diagnosis and treatment of this type of coagulation disorder.
Dentin hardness differences across various mammalian taxa
Authors: Geissler Elise , McGraw W. Scott , Daegling David J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDifferences in dentin microstructure have been used as a tool for dietary reconstruction; however, the extent that diet is associated with this aspect of dental morphology has yet to be empirically tested. We conducted microhardness tests of mammalian dentin sections, hypothesizing that species with adaptations to particularly hard diets would have softer dentin, owing to a higher proportion of soft intertubular dentin. Species adapted to abrasive diets, in contrast, should have harder dentin, resulting from a higher proportion of hypermineralized peritubular dentin. We examined molar dentin hardness in ten mammalian taxa with durophagous diets, abrasive diets, and a comparative “control” group of mechanical generalists. Samples included six primate taxa and four non‐primate species representing various dietary regimes. Our results reveal significant variation among taxa in overall hardness, but the data do not distinguish between hard and abrasive diets. Several taxa with generalized (i.e., mechanically diverse) diets resemble each other in exhibiting large variance in hardness measurements and comparably soft dentin. The high variation in these species appears to be either a functional signal supporting the niche variation hypothesis or indicate the absence of sustained unidirectional selective pressure. A possible phylogenetic signal of dentin hardness in the data also holds promise for future systematic investigations.
Poly(arylene ether sulfone) Membrane Crosslinked with Bi‐Guanidinium for Vanadium Flow Battery Applications
Authors: Qu Chao , Zhang Hongzhang , Wang Changsheng , Li Xianfeng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA membrane with low vanadium ion permeability and excellent electrochemical stability is crucial for a vanadium flow battery (VFB). Herein, a highly stable anion exchange membrane based on a bi‐guanidinium crosslinking quaternized poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PSF) is reported. The positively charged guanidinium groups can not only form continuous and smooth ion transport channels but also prevent the mutual penetration of vanadium electrolyte at positive and negative sides, respectively, based on the Donnan exclusion effect. Moreover, the crosslinking structure endows the membrane high mechanical strength to meet the requirements of the harsh environment of VFBs. As a result, the anion exchange membrane fabricated by the poly(arylene ether sulfone) crosslinked with bi‐guanidinium (BG‐PSF) shows an impressive VFB performance with a coulombic efficiency of 99.8% and an energy efficiency of above 85.8% at a current density of 80 mA cm−2, which is much higher than that of Nafion115. Furthermore, this battery can continuously work for over 200 cycles at a current density of 80 mA cm−2, indicating good stability of the membrane. Therefore, the rationally designed BG‐PSFs are promising for VFB applications.
Prediction of chemical shift in NMR: A review
Authors: Jonas Eric , Kuhn Stefan , Schlörer Nils 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCalculation of solution‐state NMR parameters, including chemical shift values and scalar coupling constants, is often a crucial step for unambiguous structure assignment. Data‐driven (sometimes called empirical) methods leverage databases of known parameter values to estimate parameters for unknown or novel molecules. This is in contrast to popular ab initio techniques that use detailed quantum computational chemistry calculations to arrive at parameter estimates. Data‐driven methods have the potential to be considerably faster than ab inito techniques and have been the subject of renewed interest over the past decade with the rise of high‐quality databases of NMR parameters and novel machine learning methods. Here, we review these methods, their strengths and pitfalls, and the databases they are built on.
An historical overview of the field of study of human remains in South Korean archaeology
Authors: Pang Min‐kyu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to present the current status of research into human remains excavated from archaeological sites in South Korea following its liberation from Japanese colonial rule and to examine the improvements potentially needed to conduct adequate archaeological research on human remains in South Korea in the near future. Human remains, as archaeological data, can provide various types of information, such as the biological characteristics of past groups of people. They also provide direct data that can shed light on many aspects of cultural evolution, and discussions regarding how to properly use data from human remains excavated from archaeological sites in Korea are still in their preliminary stages. Continued developments in science and technology are expected to reveal more information than can currently be obtained from ancient human skeletal remains. To gather information on the cultures of ancient people, which is the ultimate goal of archaeology, there has to be a shared understanding that ancient human skeletal remains must be treated ethically before being viewed simply as potential sources of archaeological data. Further, to increase the value of the collected data, there is a need for a higher degree of interdisciplinary research through mutual collaboration with multiple archaeologists as well as other experts in the fields of anthropology, genetics, and biochemistry.
Electrophysiological study of Arabidopsis ABCB4 and PIN2 auxin transporters: Evidence of auxin activation and interaction enhancing auxin selectivity
Authors: Deslauriers Stephen D. , Spalding Edgar P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPolar auxin transport through plant tissue strictly requires polarly localized PIN proteins and uniformly distributed ABCB proteins. A functional synergy between the two types of membrane protein where their localizations overlap may create the degree of asymmetric auxin efflux required to produce polar auxin transport. We investigated this possibility by expressing ABCB4 and PIN2 in human embryonic kidney cells and measuring whole‐cell ionic currents with the patch‐clamp technique and CsCl‐based electrolytes. ABCB4 activity was 1.81‐fold more selective for Cl− over Cs+ and for PIN2 the value was 2.95. We imposed auxin gradients and determined that ABCB4 and PIN2 were 12‐fold more permeable to the auxin anion (IAA−) than Cl−. This measure of the intrinsic selectivity of the transport pathway was 21‐fold when ABCB4 and PIN2 were co‐expressed. If this increase occurs in plants, it could explain why asymmetric PIN localization is not sufficient to create polar auxin flow. Some form of co‐action or synergy between ABCB4 and PIN2 that increases IAA− selectivity at the cell face where both occur may be important. We also found that auxin stimulated ABCB4 activity, which may contribute to a self‐reinforcement of auxin transport known as canalization.
Engineering pH‐Sensitive Stable Nanovesicles for Delivery of MicroRNA Therapeutics
Authors: Boloix Ariadna , Feiner‐Gracia Natalia , Köber Mariana , Repetto Javier , Pascarella Rosa , Soriano Aroa , Masanas Marc , Segovia Nathaly , Vargas‐Nadal Guillem , Merlo‐Mas Josep , Danino Dganit , Abutbul‐Ionita Inbal , Foradada Laia , Roma Josep , Córdoba Alba , Sala Santi , de Toledo Josep Sánchez , Gallego Soledad , Veciana Jaume , Albertazzi Lorenzo , Segura Miguel F. , Ventosa Nora 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non‐coding endogenous RNAs, which are attracting a growing interest as therapeutic molecules due to their central role in major diseases. However, the transformation of these biomolecules into drugs is limited due to their unstability in the bloodstream, caused by nucleases abundantly present in the blood, and poor capacity to enter cells. The conjugation of miRNAs to nanoparticles (NPs) could be an effective strategy for their clinical delivery. Herein, the engineering of non‐liposomal lipid nanovesicles, named quatsomes (QS), for the delivery of miRNAs and other small RNAs into the cytosol of tumor cells, triggering a tumor‐suppressive response is reported. The engineered pH‐sensitive nanovesicles have controlled structure (unilamellar), size (<150 nm) and composition. These nanovesicles are colloidal stable (>24 weeks), and are prepared by a green, GMP compliant, and scalable one‐step procedure, which are all unavoidable requirements for the arrival to the clinical practice of NP based miRNA therapeutics. Furthermore, QS protect miRNAs from RNAses and when injected intravenously, deliver them into liver, lung, and neuroblastoma xenografts tumors. These stable nanovesicles with tunable pH sensitiveness constitute an attractive platform for the efficient delivery of miRNAs and other small RNAs with therapeutic activity and their exploitation in the clinics.
Schemes of modules over gentle algebras and laminations of surfaces
Authors: Geiß Christof , Labardini-Fragoso Daniel , Schröer Jan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe study the affine schemes of modules over gentle algebras. We describe the smooth points of these schemes, and we also analyze their irreducible components in detail. Several of our results generalize formerly known results, e.g. by dropping acyclicity, and by incorporating band modules. A special class of gentle algebras are Jacobian algebras arising from triangulations of unpunctured marked surfaces. For these we obtain a bijection between the set of generically$$\tau $$τ-reduced decorated irreducible components and the set of laminations of the surface. As an application, we get that the set of bangle functions (defined by Musiker–Schiffler–Williams) in the upper cluster algebra associated with the surface coincides with the set of generic Caldero-Chapoton functions (defined by Geiß–Leclerc–Schröer).
Stability properties of a projector-splitting scheme for dynamical low rank approximation of random parabolic equations
Authors: Kazashi Yoshihito , Nobile Fabio , Vidličková Eva 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe consider the Dynamical Low Rank (DLR) approximation of random parabolic equations and propose a class of fully discrete numerical schemes. Similarly to the continuous DLR approximation, our schemes are shown to satisfy a discrete variational formulation. By exploiting this property, we establish stability of our schemes: we show that our explicit and semi-implicit versions are conditionally stable under a “parabolic” type CFL condition which does not depend on the smallest singular value of the DLR solution; whereas our implicit scheme is unconditionally stable. Moreover, we show that, in certain cases, the semi-implicit scheme can be unconditionally stable if the randomness in the system is sufficiently small. Furthermore, we show that these schemes can be interpreted as projector-splitting integrators and are strongly related to the scheme proposed in [29, 30], to which our stability analysis applies as well. The analysis is supported by numerical results showing the sharpness of the obtained stability conditions.
Rehabilitation of visual functions in adult amblyopic patients with a virtual reality videogame: a case series
Authors: Jiménez-Rodríguez Carmen , Yélamos-Capel Lourdes , Salvestrini Patricia , Pérez-Fernández Cristian , Sánchez-Santed Fernando , Nieto-Escámez Francisco 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAmblyopia or lazy eye is a dysfunction of the visual system that appears during childhood and traditionally has been considered untreatable in adults. Its main consequences are the loss of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity of the amblyopic eye and binocular vision impairments. During the last years videogames have been used as a therapeutic tool for amblyopia with the inconclusive results. The present work has assessed the effectiveness of a virtual reality videogame (AmbliOK®) in the neurorehabilitation of four adult clinical cases with anisometropic amblyopia. Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, stereopsis and interocular suppression were assessed before, during, immediately after, one month and one year (in one patient) after the training. The intervention was conducted along four weeks (10 h) and yielded the variable results. In general, all patients showed an improvement in visual functions although not all ameliorated in the same way. Visual acuity measures improved in all patients, falling outside the amblyopia criterion at the end of the treatment. However, the improvement was not maintained one month later in two patients. Contrast sensitivity progressively improved for the amblyopic and the fellow eyes with all patients showing better results one month after the treatment. The patient assessed one year after still showed better results than in the baseline. Patients showing bad stereopsis in the baseline reached a performance considered normal one month and even one year after the treatment. The effectiveness of the treatment seems to be related to the characteristics of patients.