bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NEW RECORD OF THE ATLANTIC POMFRET Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788) (SCOMBRIFORMES: BRAMIDAE) FOR GHAZAOUET BAY, WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN SEA
Authors: Bensahla-Talet Lotfi 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTThe present paper reports the first record of the Atlantic pomfret Brama brama for western Algerian waters in the Western Mediterranean Sea. It is a high migratory species, rarely met in Algerian fisheries. One specimen of B. brama was caught by a seiner operating in Ghazaouet Bay on September 6th 2018, measuring 672.5 mm of standard length (SL), and weighting 4,740 grams (g), constituting the new maximum length recorded for the species in the Mediterranean Sea. Accordingly, we describe biometrical and meristic characteristics, literature, databases and fish collections review of this bramid, firstly record for the Algerian waters. ResumoO presente artigo consiste no primeiro registro da da espécie palombeta Brama brama para a águas do mar Mediterrâneo ocidental na Argélia. É uma espécie altamente migratória, mas raramente encontrada nas peixarias da Argélia. Um espécime de B. brama foi capturado por um pescador que operava na Baíade Ghazaouet em setembro 2018, o exemplar obtido mediu 672,5 mm de comprimento padrão e pesou 4.740 g, constituindo no novo comprimento máximo registrado para a espécie no mar Mediterrâneo. Desta forma, apresentamos as características biométricas e merísticas, revisão de literatura, bancos de dados e revisão de coleções do primeiro registro dessa espécie de bramídico em águas argelinas.Palavras-chave: Argélia; Bramídeo; Morfometria; Nova ocorrência.
Issues and challenges influencing school improvement opportunities for science and mathematics
Authors: Tsakeni Maria , Munje Paul , Jita Loyiso 
Published: June 2021

This qualitative interpretive study explores issues and challenges influencing school improvement opportunities for Science and Mathematics in selected South African high schools through a systems leadership lens. Unstructured interviews were conducted with 13 participants comprising a principal, deputy principals, heads of department (HODs) for Science and Mathematics, and Mathematics and Physical Sciences teachers in four schools. The data from the interviews were analysed using the constant comparison techniques, allowing for inductive theme and concept building through abstraction. Findings show that participants, irrespective of school context, were generally eager to enhance the teaching and learning of Science and Mathematics. These challenges include the curriculum policy, the role of the district education office, professional development, learner‑related challenges, and resources. It is recommended that the Department of Basic Education work closely with the relevant stakeholders, including teachers, to ensure context-friendly educational policies, thus ameliorating implementation challenges.

Keywords: Issues and challenges, Science and Mathematics, school improvement, systems leadership
Epidémiologie De La Mortalité En Réanimation Polyvalente De l’Hôpital National De Zinder Au Niger
Authors: Amadou Magagi , Pilaimwé Egbohou , Mamane Maikassoua , Mahamane Bawa Boukari 
Published: June 2021

Objectif : décrire les aspects épidémiologiques des patients décédés Réanimation Polyvalente (RP) de l’hôpital Nationale de Zinder (HNZ) au Niger. Patients et méthodes: Il s’agissait d’une étude descriptive, transversale à collecte rétrospective des données sur une période de12 mois allant du 1er janvier au 31 décembre 2019. L’étude s’est déroulée dans le service de réanimation polyvalente de l’hôpital national de Zinder au Niger. Etaient inclus dans cette étude tous les patients admis durant la période d’étude dans ce service en accord avec leurs familles et celui du comité éthique. Résultats : Durant la période d’étude 1000 patients ont été enregistrés dont 148 décès soit un taux de mortalité de 14,8 %. L’âge moyen était de 36,45 ans avec une prédominance de sexe masculin dans 56,1% (83 hommes). Les taux de décès étaient plus élevés durant les mois de mars, juin et aout avec respectivement 19,8 % 17% et 22,2%. Les étiologies des décès étaient médicales dans 54% des cas dont l’AVC (18,91 %) et le diabète (13,51 %). Les causes chirurgicales étaient responsables de 46% des décès, dont 23% par péritonite aiguë généralisée. Près de la moitié des décès (49,2%) survenaient dans les 24 premières heures. Conclusion : le taux de mortalité en RP de HNZ était élevé. Les pathologies médicales étaient responsables de plus de décès que celles chirurgicales. Des efforts d’amélioration du plateau technique de la RP, des services d’aide au diagnostic et à la prise en charge de l’hôpital national de Zinder, et une sensibilisation à une consultation précoce réduiraient certainement ce taux.
Objective: to describe the epidemiological characteristics of patients dying in the multipurpose intensive care unit (M ICU) at Zinder National Hospital (ZNH) in Niger. Patients and method: it was a cross-sectional descriptive study over 12-months, from January 1 to December 31, 2019. The study was conducted in the MICU at the ZNH. All patients admitted to this MICU during the study period were included. Deaths were recorded and analyzed. Results: A total of 148 deaths out of 1000 admissions was recorded, mortality rate: 14.8%. The average age was 36.45 years old. The male predominated: 83 (56.1%) deaths. Death rates were higher during the months of August (22.2%), March (19.8%), June (17.4%) and September (17%). Medical causes of deaths accounted for 54%, with stroke (18.91%), followed by diabetes metabolic complications (13.51%). Surgical causes accounted for 46% of deaths, with 23% of acute generalized peritonitis. Nearly half of the deaths (49.2%) occurred within the first 24 hours. Conclusion: The mortality rate in MICU at ZNH was high. Medical conditions were responsible for more deaths than surgical ones. Efforts to improve the MICU facilities, diagnostic and support services at ZNH, and early consultation awareness would surely reduce this rate.
Portraying "Village Regulations" among Urban Community in Campago Guguak Bulek Nagari, Mandiangin Koto Selayan, Bukittinggi, West Sumatra
Authors: Helfi Helfi , Wadi Fajrul , Firdaus Beni , Daipon Dahyul 
Published: June 2021

Migrant workers usually come to a city for economic reason as cities are still deemed to provide much available economic opportunities. Urban communities, on the other hand, typically preserve village regulation that they specifically formulate in dealing with comers like what occurs in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra. On the basis of it, this article aims to portray the village regulation taking sample at the Campago Guguak Bulek Nagari, Mandiangin Koto Selayan, Bukittinggi, West Sumatra. The research problems are on the current village regulation from its establishment, form, dissemination, sanction, stratification of legal subjects, and the effect as well as how the regulation will look like in the future. This is a qualitative normative research using in-depth interview with comers who directly deal with local regulations as well as local communities as the one who preserve the regulation. It found that regulations at Bukittinggi emphasize protection of the local economy and socio-cultural aspect. More specifically, it aims to regulate life together, protect rights and obligations as well as social institutions, maintain safety and order, and improve community welfare. This all make the village regulation deserve for future preservation.
(Salah satu alasan perantau mendatangi sebuah kota biasanya adalah faktor ekonomi. Kota-kota besar hingga hari ini masih dianggap menawarkan banyak peluang ekonomi. Masyarakat kota, di sisi lain, biasanya memiliki berbagai aturan khusus bagi para pendatang seperti yang terjadi di Bukittinggi, Sumatera Barat. Dari situ, artikel ini ingin memotret hubungan antara aturan lokal di Bukittinggi dengan para pendatang di situ, khususnya di Kelurahan Campago Guguak Bulek, Mandiangin Koto Selayan, Bukittinggi, Sumatra Barat. Pertanyaan penelitian ini adalah seputar peraturan kampung yang berlaku mulai dari pembentukan, bentuk-bentuk, sosialisasi, sanksi, subyek hukum, dan efeknya. Selain itu, akan dilihat juga bagaimana prediksi akan ‘nasib’ peraturan ini di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bersifat normatif-kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam kepada para pendatang maupun komunitas lokal sebagai salah satu metode penggalian data utamanya. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa aturan-aturan tersebut menitikberatkan pada perlindungan sosial—ekonomi lokal, utamanya perihal aturan-aturan hidup berdampingan, perlindungan hak dan kewajiban, pranata sosial, jaminan keamanan dan ketentraman, serta peningkatan kesejahteraan. Inilah yang membuat peraturan tersebut layak untuk tetap berlaku hingga di masa mendatang)
BERMAIN PERAN UNTUK OPTIMALISASI KEPERCAYAAN DIRI MAHASISWA CALON GURU PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Lestari Tri , Nahadi Nahadi , Solihati Elis 
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji keefektifan bermain peran dalam mengoptimalkan percaya diri calon guru PAUD. Percaya diri menjadi aspek penting bagi mahasiswa calon guru PAUD dengan memberikan stimulus melalui bermain peran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode single case experiment, analisis statistika deskriptif pada implementasi main peran dalam proses pembelajaran kelompok belajar 5 orang mahasiswa pada pendidikan calon guru di Kota Tasikmalaya yang dilakukan setiap satu minggu sekali, sebanyak 9 pertemuan. Intervensi dilakukan oleh 2 orang fasilitator. Hasil penelitian secara umum melaporkan bahwa partisipasi lima orang mahasiswa dalam aktivitas bermain peran memiliki kategori sangat baik, begitupun dengan keadaan kepercayaan diri mahasiswa dengan kondisi sangat baik. Tingkat keefektifan ditunjukkan oleh selisih persentase peningkatan pada partisipasi dan kepercayan diri masing-masing mahasiswa calon guru PAUD yakni MH1 awal memiliki kepercayaan diri kategori kurang menjadi kategori sangat baik; MH2 memiliki kategori cukup menjadi kategori sangat baik; MH3 memiliki kategori cukup menjadi kategori sangat baik; MH4 memiliki kategori cukup menjadi kategori sangat baik; MH5 skor kategori cukup menjadi kategori sangat baik. Kesimpulan berdasarkan peningkatan skor kepercayaan diri mahasiswa tersebut, metode bermain peran ini layak dijadikan sebagai intervensi optimalisasi pembelajaran mahasiwa dalam meningkatkan kepercayaan dirinya.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of role playing in optimizing the confidence of prospective Early Childhood Teachers. Confidence is an important aspect for prospective early childhood teacher because it is needed when they become real teachers. This study is a single case experiment which implement role playing in the learning process of a study group of 5 students in the education of prospective teachers in the City of Tasikmalaya. The role-playing implementation was carried out once a week by two facilitators, as many as 9 meetings. The gathered data was analysed using descriptive statistical analysis. The findings showed that generally the participation of five students in role-playing activities was in a very good category, as well as the state of student self-confidence in very good condition. The level of effectiveness was indicated by the difference in percentage increase in participation and confidence of each early childhood teacher candidates i.e. at the beginning, MH1 was less confidence but after the completion of role playing implementation process he showed to be on the excellent category. Based on the results, it can be concluded that role playing method can be used as an intervention to optimize student learning in improving their confidence.
Analisis Klaster untuk Pengelompokkan Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Maluku Berdasarkan Indikator Pendidikan dengan Menggunakan Metode Ward
Authors: Ls Dewi , Lesnussa Yopi Andry , Talakua Mozart W. , Matdoan Muhammad Y. 
Published: June 2021

Analisis klaster merupakan salah satu metode analisis yang bertujuan untuk mengklasterkan objek-objek berdasarkan kemiripan karakteristik yang dimilikinya. Metode yang digunakan pada analisis klaster yaitu metode hierarki. Secara umum metode hierarki dibagi menjadi 5 yaitu : single linkage, complete linkage, average linkage, Ward dan centroid dengan ukuran jarak euclidean. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hasil pengklasteran kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Maluku berdasarkan Indikator Pendidikan dengan menggunakan metode Ward. Hasil penelitian pengklasteran kabupaten/kota sebanyak 3 klaster, klaster pertama terdiri dari 2 kabupaten/kota yaitu Maluku Tengah dan Kota Ambon dengan tingkat pendidikan yang tinggi. Klaster kedua terdiri dari 4 kabupaten yaitu Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat, Kabupaten Buru, Kabupaten Seram Bagian Timur dan Kabupaten Kepulauan Tanimbar dengan tingkat pendidikan rendah. Klaster ketiga terdiri dari 4 kabupaten/kota yaitu Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara, Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya, Kabupaten Kepulauan Aru, Kabupaten Buru Selatan dan Kota Tual dengan tingkat pendidikan sedang.
What Color Is Your Hydrogen?
Authors: Feder Judy 
Published: June 2021

Is green H2 better than blue? Is gray going away? As the world transitions from “black gold” to greener alternatives, many questions are being raised about hydrogen (H2) and its role in the current and future energy mix.
H2 was among the “hot topics” during the 2021 CERAWeek by IHS Markit held virtually in March. The global energy research firm estimated that hydrogen currently costs $200 to $250/bbl to produce—as much as five times the cost to produce a barrel of oil. Low-carbon hydrogen has a tiny share of the global energy market today, but investors are betting on its long-term potential, according to Wood Mackenzie, who said shares with meaningful exposure to hydrogen have been among the best-performing of energy transition stocks in the past few months. By 2050, low-carbon hydrogen will constitute 7% of global energy demand—211 Mt—from practically zero today.
For this and other reasons, many oil companies are researching and investing in hydrogen projects. IHS Markit believes that energy companies will invest $5 billion to $10 billion in hydrogen of various colors over the next 5 years, helping to develop breakthrough technologies that will reduce its cost and increase its competitiveness, not only with renewables such as wind and solar, but eventually with oil and natural gas.
Paul Browning, president and chief executive officer of Mitsubishi Power Americas, said, “What’s really driving green hydrogen is net zero, from regulators to shareholders. There is no way to get to net zero without long-term storage, and for that, we need hydrogen,” he said. “Green H2 will be used as storage first. Then its cost will decline enough to make it a fuel.”
But green won’t be the only player. Blue and green are at the basis of different perspectives of a potential hydrogen society, according to a paper recently published in an environmental research journal Sustainability. Blue hydrogen, integrated with carbon capture and storage, can provide the scale and reliability needed by industrial processes. It can also play an essential role in decarbonizing hard-to-electrify industries and driving down the cost of the energy transition. And it can represent a useful option in the short and medium term by helping pave the way for green hydrogen at a later stage (Fig. 1).
Armin Schnettler, executive vice president of new energy business for Siemens Energy, said at CERAWeek, “Short-term color isn’t important. What is important is a hydrogen economy, dedicated to green H2. In the short term, we should be ready to support all colors.”

Moving From Talk to Action
Hydrogen’s potential role in national and international decarbonization strategies is growing for sectors ranging from industry to transport. Already used as a feedstock in industrial applications, it is now being proposed as a potential energy carrier to support wider deployment of low-carbon energy.
Operator Develops Fully Smart Onshore Field
Authors: Feder Judy 
Published: June 2021

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Judy Feder, contains highlights of paper SPE 203461, “Digitalization in the Oil and Gas Industry—A Case Study of a Fully Smart Field in the United Arab Emirates,” by Muhammad Arif and Abdulla Mohammed Al Senani, ADNOC, prepared for the 2020 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, held virtually from 9–12 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
One of the first oil fields in the UAE to be fully operated remotely is in the southeast region, 250 km from Abu Dhabi. The complete paper discusses the development and commissioning of the field, which is the first smart field for ADNOC Onshore. The designed and applied technology facilitated unmanned operation of the field from downhole to export.

Introduction
Oilfield digitalization encompasses gathering real-time and non-real-time data from wells, flow lines, manifolds, stations, and water injection facilities; analysis of the data using algorithms, flowcharts, plots, and reports; and user access to this data on user-friendly screens. This allows engineers to focus on interpretation of data vs. searching, organizing, and formatting the data. In the bigger picture, the data collected will lead to conclusions and set bases for important decisions for similar projects in the future, enabling a lesson-learning approach to design new oil fields.
The accumulated theoretical and practical research results of smart-field implementation require analysis and synthesis to maintain perspective of the entire project. Both were applied in the Mender field, which is the subject of the complete paper.

Problem Statement
The Mender parent field has been producing since 2013 with minimal digitalization for wellheads. Wells are not fit-ted with remote sensors, and operators have been visiting the wells to collect data using analog gauges. Collected data are stored in computers or as hard copies. Some critical data is lost, which affects decision-making.
The new Mender field is 50 km from the parent field and is in a sensitive area close to international borders. The field area is a wildlife reserve for various endangered animals. The nature of operations is highly critical because of concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) that could jeopardize employees’ health and safety.
Wear of Spiral Seal Cone Bit in Complex Formations
Authors: Zhou Y. , Hu J. H. , Tan B. , Jiang Y. , Tang Y. F. 
Published: June 2021

Summary
Sealing is a technical bottleneck that affects drilling efficiency and cost in deep, difficult-to-drill formations. The spiral combination seal with active sand removal performance is a new type of seal, and the wear mechanism is not clear, resulting in no effective design. In this study, the wear properties of materials were measured by a friction-and-wear testing machine, and the measurement methods and criteria of wear loss and friction coefficient were established. The fitting function of working condition and friction coefficient was studied by fitting regression method. The law of influence of working conditions on friction coefficient and wear amount was determined. The actual wear model and evaluation criteria of wear condition were established by using wear test data and geometric relationship. The relationship among working conditions, contact stress, and wear depth is determined by numerical simulation method, and the wear mechanism of the new seal is revealed, which provides a theoretical basis for its application.
Asphaltene Thermodynamic Flocculation during Immiscible Nitrogen Gas Injection
Authors: Elturki Mukhtar , Imqam Abdulmohsin 
Published: June 2021

SummaryGas-enhanced oil recovery is one of the most advantageous enhanced oil recovery methods. Nitrogen is one of the most investigated gases because of its beneficial properties. However, during its interaction with crude oil, nitrogen can induce asphaltene deposition, which may result in severe formation damage and pore plugging. Few works have investigated the impact of nitrogen on asphaltene instability. This research studied the immiscibility conditions for nitrogen in nanopores and the impact of nitrogen on asphaltene precipitations, which could lead to plugging pores and oil recovery reduction. A slimtube was used to determine the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) of nitrogen to ensure that all the experiments would be carried out below the MMP. Then, filtration experiments were conducted using nanofilter membranes to highlight the impact of the asphaltene particles on the pores of the membranes. A special filtration vessel was designed and used to accommodate the filter paper membranes. Various factors were investigated, including nitrogen injection pressure, temperature, nitrogen mixing time, and pore size heterogeneity. Supercritical phase nitrogen was used during all filtration experiments. Visualization tests were implemented to observe the asphaltene precipitation and deposition mechanism over time. Increasing the nitrogen injection pressure resulted in an increase in the asphaltene weight percent in all experiments. Decreasing the pore size of the filter membranes resulted in an increase in the asphaltene weight percent. Greater asphaltene weight percents were observed with a longer nitrogen mixing time. Visualization tests revealed that asphaltene clusters started to form after 1 hour and fully deposited after 12 hours in the bottom of the test tubes. Chromatography analysis of the produced oil confirmed that there was a reduction in the heavy components and asphaltene weight percent. Microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of the filter paper membranes found that significant pore plugging resulted from asphaltene deposition and precipitation. This research investigated asphaltene precipitation and deposition during immiscible nitrogen injection to understand the main factors that impact the success of using such a technique in unconventional shale reservoirs.
Modeling Macroeconomic Indicators in Unstable Economies
Authors: Zhukova Yuliia , Sobolieva-Tereshchenko Olena Anatoliivna 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A method for analysis of the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators based on the model of a piecewise trend for economies of unstable growth is proposed. The relevance of the article is supported by the absence of adequate mathematical models and the inadequacy of traditional continuous models to describe the features of economic dynamics of this type. Its application is demonstrated on the examples of Ukraine, Greece and Italy in comparison with stable developing countries of Eastern Europe - the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland. In the process of approbation new indices of instability based on this model have been developed. A higher degree of conformity of the proposed model is proved in comparison with traditional continuous models not only for countries with signs of unstable economic dynamics, but also for some countries with stable economies. During approbation, a new index of instability of growth was developed based on this piecewise linear trend model. The indices of instability of growth were calculated for 43 European countries for the period from 1989 to 2019 and their rating was built.JEL Classification: E27, D61, G17