bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A modified endoscopic full thickness resection for gastric subepithelial tumors from muscularis propria layer: Novel method
Authors: Lee Jung Min , Yoo In Kyung , Hong Sung Pyo , Cho Joo Young , Cho Young Kwan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and AimThe removal of subepithelial tumors (SETs) is challenging, particularly in tumors originating from the muscularis propria (MP) in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, owing to the high risk of perforation. We developed mechanical spray lumpectomy (MSL), which is a novel method to safely and easily remove the tumor. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of MSL as a novel endoscopic treatment for gastric subepithelial lesions.MethodsWe performed MSL in a total of 13 patients with upper GI SETs originating from the MP layer. First, mucosectomy was performed using a conventional snare. Repeated injections were performed towards the subserosal layer. After injection, the lesion was mechanically pushed to separate the MP layer using an endoscopic cap. Finally, the mucosa, submucosa, and MP layer with SETs were completely dissected using the spray coagulation mode, and the remaining defect was closed with clipping.ResultsAll tumors were completely resected. The mean procedure time was 84.38 ± 41.73 min. There were four leiomyomas, six GI stromal tumors, one mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and two ectopic pancreases. Although small perforation occurred in only one case, the defect was successfully closed using hemostatic clipping. Moreover, no serious complications related to MSL were encountered during or after the procedure. No residual lesion or recurrence was observed during the follow‐up period.ConclusionsMechanical spray lumpectomy can be a novel method that provides a safe and minimally invasive endoscopic treatment for upper GI SETs originating from the MP layer.
The Influence of Compassion Fatigue on Job Performance and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: The Moderating Effect of Person–Job Fit
Authors: Chu Li‐Chuan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study investigated the influence of compassion fatigue on job performance and organizational citizenship behavior. Moreover, this study analyzed whether person–job fit effectively moderates the negative impacts of compassion fatigue.DesignA longitudinal, two‐stage questionnaire was used to collect data.MethodsThis study adopted a convenience sampling whose participants consisted of 263 nursing staff from medical centers, regional hospitals, district hospitals, and clinics in Taiwan. Descriptive, correlational, and hierarchical regression analyses were used to investigate the relationships between variables.FindingsThe study results indicated that compassion fatigue exerts a significant negative influence on job performance and organizational citizenship behavior, whereas person–job fit effectively moderates the negative relationships between compassion fatigue and job performance and organizational citizenship behavior.ConclusionsHospital administrations could pay more attention to the negative influence of compassion fatigue on the job performance and organizational citizenship behavior of nursing staff. Enhancing person–job fit can mitigate the negative impacts of compassion fatigue.Clinical RelevanceApart from seeking reasons for compassion fatigue and proposing effective solutions, hospitals also could adopt appropriate practices to constantly monitor and manage the person–job fit of nursing staff, thereby assisting the nursing staff in adapting to current nursing job requirements.
Using Twitter for Nursing Research: A Tweet Analysis on Heat Illness and Health
Authors: Smith Daniel J. , Mac Valerie V.T. , Hertzberg Vicki S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTo provide an example of a tweet analysis for nurse researchers using Twitter in their research.DesignA content analysis using tweets about “heat illness + health.”MethodsTweets were pulled from Twitter’s application programming interface with premium access using Postman and the key words “heat illness + health.” All data cleaning and analysis was performed in R Version 3.5.2, and the tweet set was analyzed for term frequency, sentiment, and topic modeling. Principal R packages included LDAvis, tidytext, tm, and zyuzhet.Results6,317 tweets were analyzed with a date range of April 6, 2009, to December 30, 2019. The most common terms in the tweets were heat (n = 4,532), illness (n = 4,085), and health (n = 2,257). Sentiment analysis showed that the majority of tweets (55%) had a negative sentiment. Topic modeling showed that there were three topics within the tweet set: increasing impact, prevention and safety, and symptoms.ConclusionsTwitter can be a useful tool for nursing researchers, serving as a viable adjunct to current research methodologies. This practical example has facilitated a deeper understanding of the social media representation of heat illness and health that can be applied to other research.Clinical RelevanceTwitter serves as a tool for collecting health information for multiple groups, ranging from clinicians and researchers to patients. By utilizing the plethora of data that comes from the platform, we can work towards developing theories and interventions related to numerous health conditions and phenomena.
Sustained credit card borrowing
Authors: Grodzicki Daniel , Koulayev Sergei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUsing a large panel of credit card accounts, we examine the dynamics of credit card borrowing and repayment in the United States and what these imply for the expected costs of credit card debt to consumers. Our analysis reveals that: (a) credit cards are predominantly used to borrow, (b) card debt is sustained for long periods and balances frequently rise before being repaid, and (c) this debt is potentially more costly than anticipated. Specifically, we document that 82% of outstanding balances are debt and that 70% of this debt accrues to those borrowing continuously for a year or more. The expected annualized cost of an episode of continuous borrowing is 28% of its initial balance, or 13 percentage points. higher than the average annual percentage rate. Moreover, credit scores decline during episodes, further raising the expected cost of borrowing on a card.
Intralipid infusion at time of embryo transfer in women with history of recurrent implantation failure: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rimmer Michael P. , Black Naomi , Keay Stephen , Quenby Siobhan , Al Wattar Bassel H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimRecurrent implantation failure (RIF) affects 10% of couples undergoing assisted conception, often due to poor endometrial receptivity. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of Intra‐venous intralipid (IVI) in improving pregnancy rates in women with history of RIF using.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL for any randomized trials evaluating the use of IVI at the time of embryo transfer in women undergoing assisted conception until September 2020. We extracted data in duplicate and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tools. We meta‐analyzed data using a random effect model.ResultsWe included five randomized trials reporting on 843 women with an overall moderate risk of bias. All trials used 20% IVI solution at the time of embryo transfer compared to normal saline infusion or no intervention (routine care). The IVI group had a higher chance of clinical pregnancy (172 vs 119, risk ratio [RR] 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16–2.07, I2 44.2%) and live birth (132 vs 73, RR 1.83, 95% CI 1.42–2.35, I2 0%) post treatment compared to no intervention. Our findings are limited by the small sample size and the variations in treatment protocols and population characteristics.ConclusionThere is limited evidence to support the use of IVI at the time of embryo transfer in women with the history of RIF. More research is needed before adopting it in clinical practice.
Beneficiaries' perspectives on improved oral health and its mediators after Medicaid expansion in Michigan: a mixed methods study
Authors: Kieffer Edith C. , Goold Susan D. , Buchmueller Tom , Nalliah Romesh , Beathard Erin , Kirch Matthias A. , Solway Erica , Tipirneni Renuka , Clark Sarah J. , Haggins Adrianne N. , Patel Minal R. , Ayanian John Z. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate self‐reported improved oral health and its mediators, and job‐related outcomes, of Medicaid expansion beneficiaries in Michigan.MethodsThis cross‐sectional mixed‐methods study of adult “Healthy Michigan Plan” (HMP) Medicaid expansion beneficiaries included qualitative interviews with a convenience sample of 67 beneficiaries enrolled for ≥6 months, a stratified random sample survey of 4,090 beneficiaries enrolled for ≥12 months; and Medicaid claims data. We examined unadjusted associations between demographic variables and awareness of dental coverage, self‐reported dental care access, dental visits, and self‐reported oral health; and between improved oral health and job seeking and job performance. Multivariate analysis examined factors associated with self‐reported oral health improvement, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, prior health insurance, and having at least one dental visit claim.ResultsAmong surveyed beneficiaries, 60 percent received ≥1 dental visit and 40 percent reported improved oral health. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for improved oral health were higher for African‐American beneficiaries [aOR = 1.61; confidence interval (CI) = 1.28‐2.03] and those previously uninsured for ≥12 months (aOR = 1.96; CI = 1.58‐2.43). Beneficiaries reporting improved oral health were more likely to report improved job seeking (59.9 percent vs 51 percent; P = 0.04) and job performance (76.1 percent vs 65.0 percent; P < 0.001) due to HMP. Interviewees described previously unmet oral health needs, and treatments that improved oral health, functioning, appearance, confidence, and employability.ConclusionMichigan's Medicaid expansion contributed to self‐reported improved oral health, which was associated with improved job outcomes. Policymakers should consider the importance of Medicaid dental coverage in reducing oral health disparities and improving the health and socioeconomic well‐being of low‐income adults and communities when considering this optional benefit.
Taxonomic revision of the South Asian River dolphins (Platanista): Indus and Ganges River dolphins are separate species
Authors: Braulik Gill T. , I. Archer Frederick , Khan Uzma , Imran Mohammad , Sinha Ravindra K. , Jefferson Thomas A. , Donovan Carl , Graves Jeff A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSouth Asian river dolphins (Platanista gangetica) are among the most endangered of the world's cetaceans. The two subspecies in the family Platanistidae, Indus, and Ganges river dolphins (P. g. minor and P. g. gangetica), are both threatened by dams and barrages, declining river flows, fisheries bycatch, and pollution. We examine differences in external and skull morphology between dolphins in each river system to clarify their taxonomic status. Skulls from each river system could easily be differentiated using diagnostic differences in the shape of the frontal bones behind the nasals. This feature was present in all individuals irrespective of size, age, and sex. Ganges river dolphins are sexually dimorphic with females larger than males, but there was no evidence of dimorphism in the small sample of Indus river dolphins. There were no mitochondrial DNA haplotypes shared between the two river systems, and five fixed differences suggested a long‐term (approximately 0.55 million years) absence of gene flow. Diagnosable differences in morphological and genetic characteristics indicate long‐term reproductive as well as geographic isolation of Indus and Ganges river dolphins. We conclude that Indus and Ganges river dolphins should each be recognized as distinct species, and elevate the Indus subspecies, Platanista gangetica minor, to species level, Platanista minor Owen, 1853. Formal redescriptions are provided for both species.
In vitro activity of olorofim against clinical isolates of the Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani species complexes
Authors: Badali Hamid , Cañete‐Gibas Connie , Patterson Hoja , Sanders Carmita , Mermella Barbara , Garcia Victor , Mele James , Fan Hongxin , Wiederhold Nathan P. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundInvasive fusariosis is associated with marked morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts, and clinical outcomes are poor with conventional therapy. Olorofim (F901318) is an investigational antifungal in the orotomide class that selectively targets fungal dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) causing inhibition of pyrimidine biosynthesis.ObjectiveWe evaluated the in vitro activity of olorofim against 61 clinical isolates of the Fusarium oxysporum and F solani species complexes (FOSC and FSSC, respectively), the most prevalent causes of invasive fusariosis.MethodsClinical isolates of FOSC (n = 45) and FSSC (n = 16) were identified using DNA sequence analysis of the translation elongation factor 1‐alpha (TEF1α) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2). Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by CLSI M38 broth microdilution for olorofim, amphotericin B, isavuconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole and micafungin.ResultsOlorofim demonstrated good in vitro activity against both FOSC and FSSC. Against the 45 FOSC isolates, olorofim MICs ranged between 0.03‐0.5 mg/L and 0.06‐>4 mg/L at the 50% and 100% inhibition endpoints, respectively. Against FSSC isolates, olorofim MIC ranged between 0.25‐1 mg/L and 1‐>4 mg/L at 50% and 100% inhibition, respectively. While amphotericin B also demonstrated similar in vitro activity (MIC ranges 1‐4 and 0.25‐4 mg/L against FOSC and FSSC, respectively), neither the triazoles nor micafungin demonstrated consistent in vitro activity against Fusarium isolates at clinically relevant concentrations.ConclusionsThe investigational agent olorofim demonstrated good in vitro activity against FOSC and FSSC clinical isolates. Further studies are warranted to determine how well this in vitro activity translates into in vivo efficacy.
Digital audiences of union organising: A social media analysis
Authors: Panagiotopoulos Panos 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe article offers a novel conceptualisation of unions’ digital audiences and considers how their characteristics affect the practice of organising. Data were collected from the central Twitter accounts of 33 British unions resulting in 167,658 tweets and information from their 357,687 followers. Using textual and network methods, the analysis shows how unions interact with large, diverse and unexpected audiences including members, other individuals and organisations within their stakeholder groups. The findings support Twitter’s role as a tool for organising in directions like stakeholder engagement and reaching new audiences. The article further discusses how unions can respond to the imagined characteristics of their digital audiences and develop an approach to engagement that builds on the relationship between audiences and content.
On Grief's Wandering Thought: A Philosophical Exploration
Authors: Atkins Ashley 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper challenges an orthodoxy in recent philosophical discussions of grief, namely, that grief is essentially tied to the thought that a person of significance to oneself has died. As first‐person reports make clear, one can find oneself cut off from the significant other not simply in body but also in thought. This is not, moreover, an isolated difficulty but one that may have repercussions for one's capacity to form an outlook on the social world, the natural world, and the world viewed from one's own scheme of ends. Taking C. S. Lewis's diary of grief as a guide, I argue that our capacity to think of our significant others depends, surprisingly enough, on our capacity to acknowledge their independence from us even in death.
Vitiligo: Translational research and effective therapeutic strategies
Authors: Thakur Vishal , Bishnoi Anuradha , Vinay Keshavamurthy , Kumaran Sendhil M. , Parsad Davinder 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThis is an exciting phase of vitiligo research with the current understanding of vitiligo pathogenesis and its translation to successful treatment. The pathogenetic origin of vitiligo revolves around autoimmunity with supporting role from many other factors like oxidative stress, inherent melanocyte defects, or defective keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Vitiligo can be classified into segmental or non‐segmental depending upon the clinical presentation, or it can be classified as progressing or stable based on the activity of the disease. Vitiligo treatments need to be stratified depending upon which type of vitiligo we are treating and at which phase the vitiligo patient presents to us. There are two different aims of treatment of vitiligo. The first involves rescuing the melanocytes from the damage to arrest the depigmentation. The second strategy focuses on replenishing the melanocytes so that successful repigmentation is achieved. It is also important to maintain the disease in a stable phase or prevent relapse. As stability in non‐segmental vitiligo is a dynamic process, maintenance of the stability of repigmentation is also an important consideration in the management of vitiligo. In this review, we shall briefly discuss the current options and future insight into the management of vitiligo.
A Simple Framework to Identify Optimal Cost-Effective Risk Thresholds for a Single Screen: Comparison to Decision Curve Analysis
Authors: A. Katki Hormuzd , Bebu Ionut 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Decision curve analysis (DCA) is a popular approach for assessing biomarkers and risk models, but does not require costs and thus cannot identify optimal risk thresholds for actions. Full decision analyses can identify optimal thresholds, but typically used methods are complex and often difficult to understand. We develop a simple framework to calculate the incremental net benefit for a single-time screen as a function of costs (for tests and treatments) and effectiveness (life-years gained). We provide simple expressions for the optimal cost-effective risk threshold and, equally importantly, for the monetary value of life-years gained associated with the risk threshold. We consider the controversy over the risk threshold to screen women for mutations in BRCA1/2. Importantly, most, and sometimes even all, of the thresholds identified by DCA are infeasible based on their associated dollars per life-year gained. Our simple framework facilitates sensitivity analyses to cost and effectiveness parameters. The proposed approach estimates optimal risk thresholds in a simple and transparent manner, provides intuition about which quantities are critical, and may serve as a bridge between DCA and a full decision analysis.
Pension Eligibility Rules and the Local Causal Effect of Retirement on Cognitive Functioning
Authors: Fé Eduardo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We propose an identification framework to evaluate the exclusion restriction in a fuzzy regression discontinuity setting, by adopting results from the literature on partial identification with invalid instrumental variables. With this framework, we provide new estimates of the effect of retirement on cognitive functioning and the first empirical analysis of the validity of an age-based instrumental variable for retirement. Point estimates suggest an insignificant negative effect of retirement on cognitive functioning. Partial identification regions qualify this finding by suggesting that if retirement is, in fact, detrimental for cognitive functioning, then large drops are unlikely. Second, data alone cannot identify the sign of the treatment effect. In fact, our results support improvements in cognitive functioning following retirement. The bounds analysis suggest that, when studying the impact of retirement, the validity of eligibility as an instrumental variable depends on the time period considered for the analysis and that violations of the exclusion restriction are likely already in very small intervals of 8 months around the cut-off in regression discontinuity designs.
Immune reconstitution and severity of COVID‐19 among hematopoietic cell transplant recipients
Authors: Malek Alexandre E. , Adachi Javier A. , Mulanovich Victor E. , Sassine Joseph , Raad Issam I. , McConn Kelly , Seiler Garret T. , Dhal Udit , Khawaja Fareed , Chemaly Roy F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 can lead to life‐threatening coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infections in patients with hematologic malignancies, particularly among hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. We describe two patients with COVID‐19 during the pre‐engraftment period after HCT and review previous reports of COVID‐19 in HCT recipients. Because of significant mortality from COVID‐19, primarily after allogeneic HCT, early, preemptive, and optimal directed therapy may improve outcomes and reduce the mortality rate but still needs to be established in clinical trials.
Effects of pathogen reduction technology and storage duration on the ability of cryoprecipitate to rescue induced coagulopathies in vitro
Authors: Thomas Kimberly A. , Shea Susan M. , Spinella Philip C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundFibrinogen concentrates and cryoprecipitate are currently used for fibrinogen supplementation in bleeding patients with dysfibrinogenemia. Both products provide an abundant source of fibrinogen but take greater than 10 min to prepare for administration. Fibrinogen concentrates lack coagulation factors (i.e., factor VIII [FVIII], factor XIII [FXIII], von Willebrand factor [VWF]) important for robust hemostatic function. Cryoprecipitate products contain these factors but have short shelf lives (<6 h). Pathogen reduction (PR) of cryoprecipitate would provide a shelf‐stable immediately available adjunct containing factors important for rescuing hemostatic dysfunction.Study Design and MethodsHemostatic adjunct study products were psoralen‐treated PR‐cryoprecipitated fibrinogen complex (PR‐Cryo FC), cryoprecipitate (Cryo), and fibrinogen concentrates (FibCon). PR‐Cryo FC and Cryo were stored for 10 days at 20–24°C. Adjuncts were added to coagulopathies (dilutional, 3:7 whole blood [WB]:normal saline; or lytic, WB + 75 ng/ml tissue plasminogen activator), and hemostatic function was assessed by rotational thromboelastometry and thrombin generation.ResultsPR of cryoprecipitate did not reduce levels of FVIII, FXIII, or VWF. PR‐Cryo FC rescued dilutional coagulopathy similarly to Cryo, while generating significantly more thrombin than FibCon, which also rescued dilutional coagulopathy. Storage out to 10 days at 20–24°C did not diminish the hemostatic function of PR‐Cryo FC.DiscussionPR‐Cryo FC provides similar and/or improved hemostatic rescue compared to FibCon in dilutional coagulopathies, and this rescue ability is stable over 10 days of storage. In hemorrhaging patients, where every minute delay is associated with a 5% increase in mortality, the immediate availability of PR‐Cryo FC has the potential to improve outcomes.