bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a PBRM1‐associated immune prognostic model for clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Jiayi , Yao Chunlin , Qiao Nan , Ge Yangyang , Li Jianhua , Lin Yun , Yao Shanglong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlteration in the polybromo‐1 (PBRM1) protein encoding gene PBRM1 is the second most frequent mutation in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). It causes a series of changes in the tumorigenesis, progression, prognosis, and immune response of ccRCC patients. This study explored the PBRM1‐associated immunological features and identified the immune‐related genes (IRGs) linked to PBRM1 mutation using bioinformatics methods. A total of 37 survival IRGs associated with PBRM1 mutation in ccRCC patients were identified. To further explore the role of these IRGs in ccRCC and their association with immune status, eight IRGs with remarkable potential as individual targets were selected. An immune model that was constructed showed good performance in stratifying patients into different subgroups, showing clinical application potential compared to traditional clinical factors. Patients in the high‐risk group were inclined to have more advanced stage and higher grade tumors with node metastasis, distant metastasis, and poorer prognosis. Furthermore, these patients had high percentages of regulatory T cells, follicular helper T cells, and M0 macrophages and exhibited high expression levels of immune checkpoints proteins, such as CTLA‐4, PD‐1, LAG‐3, TIGIT, and CD47. Finally, a nomogram integrating the model and clinical factors for clinical application showed a more robust predictive performance for prognosis. The prediction model associated with PBRM1 mutation status and immunity can serve as a promising tool to stratify patients depending upon their immune status, thus facilitating immunotherapy in the future.
BRAF V600E potentially determines “Oncological Resectability” for “Technically Resectable” colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Kobayashi Shin , Takahashi Shinichiro , Nomura Shogo , Kojima Motohiro , Kudo Masashi , Sugimoto Motokazu , Konishi Masaru , Gotohda Naoto , Taniguchi Hiroya , Yoshino Takayuki 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDespite reports on poor survival outcomes after hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) with BRAF V600E mutation (mBRAF) exist, the role of mBRAF testing for technically resectable cases remains unclear. A single‐center retrospective study was performed to investigate the survival outcomes of patients who underwent upfront hepatectomy for solitary resectable CRLM with mBRAF between January 2005 and December 2017 and to compare them with those of unresectable cases with mBRAF. Of 172 patients who underwent initial hepatectomy for solitary resectable CRLM, mBRAF, RAS mutations (mRAS), and wild‐type RAS/BRAF (wtRAS/BRAF) were observed in 5 (2.9%), 73 (42.4%), and 93 (54.7%) patients, respectively. With a median follow‐up period of 72.8 months, mBRAF was associated with a significantly shorter OS (median, 14.4 months) than wtRAS/BRAF (median, not reached [NR]) (hazard ratio [HR], 27.6; p < 0.001) and mRAS (median, NR) (HR, 9.9; p < 0.001), and mBRAF had the highest HR among all the indicators in the multivariable analysis (HR, 17.0; p < 0.001). The median OS after upfront hepatectomy for CRLM with mBRAF was identical to that of 28 unresectable CRLM with mBRAF that were treated with systemic chemotherapy (median, 17.2 months) (HR, 0.78; p = 0.65). When technically resectable CRLM are complicated with mBRAF, its survival outcome becomes as poor as unresectable cases; therefore, those with mBRAF should be considered as oncologically unresectable. Patients with CRLM should undergo pre‐treatment mBRAF testing regardless of technical resectability.Clinical trial registration number: UMIN000034557.
The hemodynamic spectrum of pulmonary vein stenosis from fibrosing mediastinitis
Authors: Ingraham Brenden S. , Packer Douglas L. , Holmes David R. , Reddy Yogesh N. V. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA 63‐year‐old man presented with hemoptysis and progressive dyspnea. His echocardiogram was concerning for pulmonary hypertension (PH) and CT chest showed fibrosing mediastinitis with possible cardiac involvement. Right heart catheterization revealed PH at rest and worsened with exercise. CT findings and simultaneous measurement of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), left atrial pressure, and left ventricular pressure helped diagnose pulmonary vein (PV) stenosis as the etiology of his PH. Both upper pulmonary veins were stented, and repeat exercise hemodynamic study revealed a substantial reduction in pulmonary arterial pressure with improvement in subjective dyspnea, cardiac output reserve, mechanical efficiency, and ventilatory efficiency. Repeat right upper PCWP normalized, consistent with resolution of the PV stenosis.
Effectiveness of aprepitant in post‐acute COVID19 syndrome
Authors: Reinoso‐Arija Rocío , López‐Ramírez Cecilia , Jimenez‐Ruiz José Antonio , López‐Campos José Luis 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis is the first case of a patient taking aprepitant for a post‐acute COVID‐19 syndrome. This case may encourage researchers to look for the evidence for the efficacy and safety of a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist in this frequent syndrome.
Conceptual design and cost analysis of a large‐scale plant for converting red mud into building materials
Authors: Scaratti Gidiane , Wermuth Tiago Bender , Arcaro Sabrina , Montedo Oscar Rubem Klegues , de Oliveira Elis Machado , de Oliveira Elen Machado , Peterson Michael , De Noni Junior Agenor 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe high level of sodium in red mud (RM) is one of the main issues hindering its incorporation as a raw material for construction and building materials. This paper presents a few studies on building materials developed using more than 70% w/w RM content. A proposed industrial process flowchart together with capital (CAPEX) and operational expenditure (OPEX) for a large‐scale plant are presented here. It was estimated that the cost of processing 75 Mton of RM, over a period of 25 years, was US$ 17/ton, including CAPEX + OPEX. The products comprised pellets composed of RM and clay subjected to 1200°C in a straight‐grate kiln. The pellets can be used as road gravel, coarse aggregate in concrete, or converted into supplementary cement material for Portland cement. The collaboration of the construction and building material industry with the alumina industry will be beneficial to mitigate the environmental impacts of RM.
Butterfly‐Like Triarylamines with High Hole Mobility and On/Off Ratio in Bottom‐Gated OFETs
Authors: Devibala Panneerselvam , Balambiga Balu , Mohamed Imran Predhanekar , Bhuvanesh Nattamai S. P. , Nagarajan Samuthira 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHighly π‐extended butterfly‐shaped triarylamine dyads with aryleneethynylene spacer were constructed using an efficient synthetic route. These aryleneethynylene‐bridged dyads are highly fluorescent and exhibited high HOMO levels, and low bandgaps, which are suitable for high‐performance p‐type OFETs. The field‐effect transistors were fabricated through a solution‐processable method and exhibited promising p‐type performance with field‐effect mobility up to 4.3 cm2/Vs and high Ion/off of 108 under ambient conditions.
Structural and Photophysical Characterization of All Five Constitutional Isomers of the Octaethyl‐β,β′‐dioxo‐bacterio‐ and ‐isobacteriochlorin Series
Authors: Brückner Christian , Chaudhri Nivedita , Nevonen Dustin E. , Bhattacharya Sayantan , Graf Arthur , Kaesmann Elizabeth , Li Ruoshi , Guberman‐Pfeffer Matthew J. , Mani Tomoyasu , Nimthong‐Roldán Arunpatcha , Zeller Matthias , Chauvet Adrien A. P. , Nemykin Victor 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIt is well‐known that treatment of β‐octaethylporphyrin with H2O2/conc. H2SO4 converts it to a β‐oxochlorin as well as all five constitutional isomers of the corresponding β,β’‐dioxo‐derivatives: two bacteriochlorin‐type isomers (β‐oxo groups at opposite pyrrolic building blocks) and three isobacteriochlorin‐type isomers (β‐oxo‐groups at adjacent pyrrolic building blocks). By virtue of the presence of the strongly electronically coupled β‐oxo auxochromes, none of the chromophores are archetypical chlorins, bacteriochlorins, or isobacteriochlorins. Here the authors present, inter alia, the single crystal X‐ray structures of all free‐base diketone isomers and a comparative description of their UV‐vis absorption spectra in neutral and acidic solutions, and fluorescence emission and singlet oxygen photosensitization properties, Magnetic Circular Dichroism (MCD) spectra, and singlet excited state lifetimes. DFT computations uncover underlying tautomeric equilibria and electronic interactions controlling their electronic properties, adding to the understanding of porphyrinoids carrying β‐oxo functionalities. This comparative study lays the basis for their further study and utilization.
Modeling and analysis of nature‐inspired branched micropillars for enhanced dynamicbio‐sensing
Authors: Mustapha Khameel B. , Hawwa Muhammad A. , Abakr Yousif A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractResearch evidence abounds on the effectiveness of micropillar‐based microelectromechanical systems for the detection of a wide variety of ultrasmall biological objects for clinical and non‐clinical applications. However, the standard micropillar‐based sensing platforms rely on a single‐column micropillar with a spot at the tip for binding of objects. Although this long‐standing form has shown immense potential, performance improvement is hindered by the fundamental limits enforced by physical laws. Moreover, the single‐column micropillar has a lower sensing area and is ill‐suited for a simultaneous differential sensing of chemical/biological objects of different mass. Here, we report a new set of nature‐inspired, branched micropillar‐based sensing resonators to address the highlighted issues. The characteristics of the newly proposed branched micropillars are comprehensively examined with three payloads (Bartonella Bacilliformis,Escherichia coli, andMicro magnetic beads). Anchored on the capability of continuum theoretical framework, the mathematical model of the micropillar is formulated through the synthesis of the modified couple stress, the Rayleigh‐Love, and the Timoshenko theories. The finite element method is employed to shed light on the variability of the structures' resonant response under performance reduction factors (payload's rotary inertia, damaged substrate, and density of a surrounding fluid). The results obtained indicate superior performance indicators for the triply‐branched micropillar: enhanced response sensitivity for multiple payloads and less susceptibility to deterioration in resonant frequencies due to fluid immersion.
Chinese causal event extraction using causality‐associated graph neural network
Authors: Gao Jianqi , Luo Xiangfeng , Wang Hao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCausal event extraction (CEE) aims to identify and extract cause‐effect event pairs from texts, which is a fundamental task in natural language processing. Recent research treat CEE as a sequence labeling problem. However, the linguistic complexity and ambiguity of textual description results in the low accuracy of extractors. To address the above issues, considering the prior knowledge like the causal network constructed based on the causal indicators, which can represent information transition between cause and effect, may helpful for CEE. In this article, we propose causality‐associated graph neural network to incorporate in‐domain knowledge by taking important causal words into account. External causal knowledge is modeled as causal associated graph (CAG). Then we use graph neural networks (GNN) to capture the complex relationship of intraevent mentions and interevent causality in a sentence based on the relationship obtained from CAG. Finally, sentence sequence and prior causal knowledge of GNN embedding are fed into multiscaled convolution and bidirectional long short‐term memory networks. Experimental results on two datasets show that our method outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art baseline.
Modeling the occurrence of unsafe behaviors based on safety climate and organizational leadership style dimensions in oil platforms using the fuzzy logic approach
Authors: Sadeghi‐Yarandi Mohsen , Rastegarzadeh Ehsan , Soltanzadeh Ahmad , Mohammad‐Ghasemi Mostafa , Arsang‐Jang Shahram , Panahi Sevda , Karimi Ali 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOffshore platforms have a high potential for major accidents. This study aimed to model the occurrence of unsafe behaviors based on safety climate and organizational leadership style using the fuzzy logic approach. This study was conducted among five oil platforms located in the Persian Gulf. Multifactor leadership and standard occupational safety climate questionnaires measured organizational leadership style and safety climate, respectively. To determine unsafe behaviors, a checklist of unsafe acts was used. Data analysis was performed using one‐way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients in R4.1.0. A fuzzy logarithmic model and MATLAB software were used for modeling. There was a significant inverse relationship between transformational and transactional leadership style and the occurrence of unsafe behaviors. Findings revealed a significant correlation between the dimensions of the safety of the workplace and the neglecting dangers and the occurrence of unsafe behaviors. The fuzzy logarithmic model results showed that mentioned parameters are important risk factors for predicting unsafe behaviors. Findings revealed that transformational and transactional leadership styles, the workplace's safety, and neglecting dangers in oil platforms are among essential factors in unsafe behaviors. Using fuzzy logarithmic models can also be an effective way to predict unsafe behaviors in different workplaces.
Supervised classification by thresholds: Application to automated text categorization and opinion mining
Authors: Cherif Walid , Madani Abdellah , Kissi Mohamed 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOver recent years, the world has experienced explosive growth in the volume of textual data, which makes a manual analysis impossible. Machine learning techniques provided an effective solution to this problem. Due to its capacity to organize the huge and varied amounts of data, it offered valuable insights and it has become an emerging investigative field for the research community. Classification techniques are used to classify data into different classes according to desired criteria. By their simplicity, they give rise to a variety of applications: automated text categorization, opinion mining, and so forth. These processes go through three stages: text representation, features extraction, and the classification process; they still face many difficulties due both to the complex nature of text databases and to the high dimensionality of texts representations. This article presents a new classification approach that learns to classify texts from the most reliable features more accurately. The added advantage of the proposed approach is that it automatically classifies a text without necessarily processing all its features. The experimental results showed that this new classification by thresholds outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art methods. As a result, the obtained f‐measure on automatic text categorization was 95.06% while it is lower on opinion mining.
Optimization of the Crystallization Process of Bis(2‐hydroxyethyl) Terephthalate
Authors: Yuan Peiquan , Liu Baoshu , Sun Hua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe crystallization process of bis(2‐hydroxyethyl) terephthalate is experimentally investigated. The optimized crystals of bis(2‐hydroxyethyl) terephthalate have the median particle size (D50) of 1300 µm and a perfect crystal habit, and their diameter span reduces from 11.48 (before optimization) to 1.72 (after optimization). The results show that more oxygen atoms at both ends of the crystal are exposed to the crystal surfaces, which make it easy to form hydrogen bonds with free bis(2‐hydroxyethyl) terephthalate. Therefore, the crystal surfaces at both ends grow fastest and tend to disappear eventually.
Effective cooperative spectrum sensing using deep recurrent reinforced learning‐based Q‐routing in multihop cognitive radio networks
Authors: V. Noel Jeygar Robert  , K. Vidya  
Published: September 2021

SummaryCognitive radio network (CRN) is a promising technology that mitigates the scarcity of spectrum. The main challenge faced in the opportunistic CRN is the spectrum sensing (SS). The traditional methods of SS use detectors to find the available bands, which appear to provide unreliable performance in the case of actual environment where noise is predominant. Literature has proved that employing an artificial intelligence (AI) model for routing overcomes the lack of network knowledge and lack of human intervention and helps to learn robust patterns. Reinforced learning (RL) is a dynamically learning process that selects the actions based on continuous feedback received from the dynamic environment to maximize the reward. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) models have proven to be successful at learning control policies image inputs. However, they struggle with learning policies that require longer term information. Recurrent neural network (RNN) architectures have been used in tasks dealing with longer term dependencies between data points. Motivated by the performance of AI models, these architectures are investigated in this work to overcome the difficulties arising from learning policies with long‐term dependencies. Thus, a deep recurrent reinforced learning‐based Q‐routing (DRRL‐based Q‐routing) is developed. The proposed study suggests a multihop CRN operated in an interweave mode. This algorithm finds optimal routing path between the secondary user transmitter (SUT) and the secondary user destination (SUD), optimal SS duration, and individual secondary user (SU) power requirements for SS and data transmission process while minimizing the end‐to‐end outage under the constraints of energy causality, SS reliability, interference threshold, and individual link throughput.
Routine magnetoencephalography in memory clinic patients: A machine learning approach
Authors: Gouw Alida A. , Hillebrand Arjan , Schoonhoven Deborah N. , Demuru Matteo , Ris Peterjan , Scheltens Philip , Stam Cornelis J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe report the routine application of magnetoencephalography (MEG) in a memory clinic, and its value in the discrimination of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia from controls.MethodsThree hundred sixty‐six patients visiting our memory clinic underwent MEG recording. Source‐reconstructed MEG data were visually assessed and evaluated in the context of clinical findings and other diagnostic markers. We analyzed the diagnostic accuracy of MEG spectral measures in the discrimination of individual AD dementia patients (n = 40) from subjective cognitive decline (SCD) patients (n = 40) using random forest models.ResultsBest discrimination was obtained using a combination of relative theta and delta power (accuracy 0.846, sensitivity 0.855, specificity 0.837). The results were validated in an independent cohort. Hippocampal and thalamic regions, besides temporal‐occipital lobes, contributed considerably to the model.DiscussionMEG has been implemented successfully in the workup of memory clinic patients and has value in diagnostic decision‐making.
Anterior patterning genes induced by Zic1 are sensitive to retinoic acid and its metabolite, 4‐oxo‐RA
Authors: Dubey Aditi , Saint‐Jeannet Jean‐Pierre 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundDevelopment of paired sensory organs is a highly complex and coordinated process. These organs arise from ectodermal thickenings in the cephalic region known as cranial placodes. We have previously shown that Zic1 is a critical regulator for the formation of the pre‐placodal region (PPR), the common territory for the development of all cranial placodes in Xenopus laevis.ResultsIn this study, we have analyzed a number of Zic1 targets for their expression during PPR patterning, as well as their regulation by retinoic acid (RA) and one of its major metabolites, 4‐oxo‐RA. Our findings show that anteriorly Zic1 regulates several transcription factors, Crx, Fezf2, Nkx3‐1, and Xanf1 as well as a serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase, Pkdcc.2. These factors are all expressed in the vicinity of the PPR and as such are candidate regulators of placode formation downstream of Zic1. In addition to their differential regulation by RA, we find that 4‐oxo‐RA is also capable of modulating the expression of these genes, as well as a broad array of RA‐regulated genes.ConclusionOur data highlight the complexity of retinoid‐mediated regulation required for Zic1‐activated anterior structure specification in Xenopus, and the potential physiological role of 4‐oxo‐RA in cranial placode development.
Pax2a, but not pax2b, influences cell survival and periocular mesenchyme localization to facilitate zebrafish optic fissure closure
Authors: Lusk Sarah , Kwan Kristen M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundPax2 is required for optic fissure development in many organisms, including humans and zebrafish. Zebrafish loss‐of‐function mutations in pax2a display coloboma, yet the etiology of the morphogenetic defects is unclear. Further, pax2 is duplicated in zebrafish, and a role for pax2b in optic fissure development has not been examined.ResultsUsing a combination of imaging and molecular genetics, we interrogated a potential role for pax2b and examined how loss of pax2 affects optic fissure development. Although optic fissure formation appears normal in pax2 mutants, an endothelial‐specific subset of periocular mesenchyme (POM) fails to initially localize within the optic fissure, yet both neural crest and endothelial‐derived POM ectopically accumulate at later stages in pax2a and pax2a; pax2b mutants. Apoptosis is not up‐regulated within the optic fissure in pax2 mutants, yet cell death is increased in tissues outside of the optic fissure, and when apoptosis is inhibited, coloboma is partially rescued. In contrast to pax2a, loss of pax2b does not appear to affect optic fissure morphogenesis.ConclusionsOur results suggest that pax2a, but not pax2b, supports cell survival outside of the optic fissure and POM abundance within it to facilitate optic fissure closure.