bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thickness optimization of a double-layered microwave absorber combining magnetic and dielectric particles
Authors: Kurniawan Affandi Faisal , Anwar Mohammad Syaiful , Nadiyyah Khoirotun , Mashuri M , Triwikantoro T , Darminto D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to optimize the thickness of the double-layered microwave absorber for obtaining the highest absorption. The graphenic-based carbon compounds and Fe3O4 magnetic particles were combined to fabricate the double-layered absorber. The thickness was optimized by employing a genetic algorithm (GA) to obtain high reflection loss

R

L

min

values. These samples at a thickness of 2 mm were measured for reflection loss (RL) with a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). Input variables, such as relatively complex permeability and relatively complex permittivity, were obtained using a conversion program that uses Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) method from VNA S-parameter values (S11 and S21) data. By entering the permeability and permittivity of the complex relative to GA, the thickness can be optimized to produce high

R

L

min

value. Optimization of the double-layer thickness of 12 absorbers produces the optimum thickness of

d

1

= 5.99 mm and

d

2

= 0.87 mm among the materials combination, which results in a high

R

L

min

(−44.69 dB). This optimization is very important for designing double-layer radar absorbing material (RAM) which results in high

R

L

min

values.
Research of thermal oxygen ageing on tensile properties of rubber based on Peck-Yeoh model
Authors: Li Kunheng , Shi Wenku , Ding Hang , Chen Zhiyong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Vulcanized natural rubber (NR) is widely used in the industrial areas for absorbing vibrations and shock due to their excellent elastic stability. However, with the increase of exposing to sunlight and oxygen and the change of temperature in their working environment, NR tends to be hardened and lose damping properties. Therefore, the thermal aging effects on the mechanical properties of vulcanized NR need to be considered. In the present work, the effect of thermal oxygen aging on tensile properties of NR is experimentally investigated. Dumbbell-type specimens of different hardness(45/55/65HA) are selected and subjected to thermal oxygen ageing tests at different ageing temperatures (60/70/80/90 °C) for 5,12,24,48 and 72 h.The nominal stress and strain can be measured and recorded by the computer in the process of uniaxial tensile test of aged NR. In the process of analyzing the results of uniaxial tensile test of aged rubber, the modulus of elasticity is chosen as the aging evaluation index, and the hardness, ageing time and temperature are analyzed qualitatively with the aid of the Yeoh hyperelastic constitutive model, while the Peck-Yeoh model is combined to calculate the modulus of elasticity after ageing for the quantitative analysis of the influencing factors. The results of qualitative and quantitative analysis reveal that the NR hardness, ageing temperature and ageing time have a descending order effect on the modulus of elasticity of aged NR. The conclusions drawn from this paper not only provide a basis for the study of the influence of ageing phenomena on the static stiffness properties of rubber elements, but also can give some reference to the design and optimization of the ageing resistance of vulcanized NR.
Single-step chemical synthesis of CoFe2O4 nanowire arrays/Cu foam integrated electrode as binder-free anode with enhanced lithium storage properties
Authors: Li Xinqi , He Liang , Li Ping , Liu Xinran 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The properties of lithium ion battery largely depend on the structure of active materials. In the present work, CoFe2O4 nanowire arrays /Cu foam three-dimensional integrated electrode (denoted as CFO/Cu-foam NWAs) was firstly designed and synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method follow annealing as a binder-free anode for lithium ion battery. The CoFe2O4 nanowires with diameter of 50–100 nm are uniformly anchored on the porous conductive substrate. Lithium ion battery based on the CFO/Cu-foam NWAs integrated electrode exhibits a high initial capacity of 882.7 mAh · g−1 and excellent cyclic stability of 832.1 mAh · g−1 after 100 cycles at 1.0 A · g−1 which is much better than traditional coated electrode of CoFe2O4 nanowire (defined as CFO NWAs) and CoFe2O4 nanowire/Cu foil integrated electrode (named CFO/Cu-foil NWAs). The improved electrochemical performance might be attributed to superior conductivity and porous skeleton structure which not only reduce contact resistance and polarization, but also relieve volume alteration during the lithiation/delithiation process. These advantages make the CoFe2O4 /Cu foam integrated electrode a promising anode for Li-ion batteries.
Simulation analysis of deformation spring-back of free-form surface composite with cellular foam filling
Authors: Jing Xishuang , Xie Xin , Chen Zhengsheng , Qian Dongxiang , Zhang Jie , Zhang Chengyang , Chen Siyu , Zhang Guihua 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Due to the complex thermo-chemical-mechanical coupling during the curing and forming process of composite materials, spring-back is commonly observed after forming, which makes the shape of parts after curing and forming deviate from the design shape, resulting in difficult or even impossible assembly. In order to reduce the influence of the spring-back deformation on the forming, the finite element analysis software was used to analyze the curing deformation of the free-form composite part with foam filling, and the numerical simulation and analysis of the curing deformation of the complex curved parts were realized. The simulation analysis involves warping deformation under different angles and radii, which breaks through the unitary shape of previous research objects. In addition, the effect of foam on skin is also considered in the simulation process, and it is found that the shrinkage of the foam will affect the spring-back deformation of parts. Through finite element software, the spring-back simulation of multi-surface composite material after curing was carried out, and the results were compared with those obtained by digital measurement, the comparative analysis shows the effectiveness of the curing deformation prediction model in this paper.
An enhanced T-wave delineation method using phasor transform in the electrocardiogram
Authors: Rahul J , Sharma L D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Accurate detection of key components plays a vital role in determining cardiovascular diseases in the ECG. In this method, we propose an enhanced T-wave delineation method using the phasor transform. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and median filters were used to suppress the high-frequency noise and baseline drift during pre-processing. The phasor transform was used to detect and locate the delineation points before and after the T-wave. The proposed method was tested on the QTDB for R-peak, T-peak, and Toff detection. It achieved both sensitivity (Se%) and positive predictivity (+P%) values of 100 for R-peak detection. In T-peak detection, method shows Se % = 99.46 and +P % = 99.54, respectively. This method has reported Se% = 99.34 and +P% = 99.48 for Toff detection in the ECG. The achieved results show that the method can be used for cardiac arrhythmia detection related to the morphology of T-wave.
Exploring parallel MPI fault tolerance mechanisms for phylogenetic inference with RAxML-NG
Authors: Hübner Lukas , Kozlov Alexey M , Hespe Demian , Sanders Peter , Stamatakis Alexandros 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Phylogenetic trees are now routinely inferred on large scale high performance computing systems with thousands of cores as the parallel scalability of phylogenetic inference tools has improved over the past years to cope with the molecular data avalanche. Thus, the parallel fault tolerance of phylogenetic inference tools has become a relevant challenge. To this end, we explore parallel fault tolerance mechanisms and algorithms, the software modifications required and the performance penalties induced via enabling parallel fault tolerance by example of RAxML-NG, the successor of the widely used RAxML tool for maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic tree inference.

Results
We find that the slowdown induced by the necessary additional recovery mechanisms in RAxML-NG is on average 1.00 ± 0.04. The overall slowdown by using these recovery mechanisms in conjunction with a fault-tolerant Message Passing Interface implementation amounts to on average 1.7 ± 0.6 for large empirical datasets. Via failure simulations, we show that RAxML-NG can successfully recover from multiple simultaneous failures, subsequent failures, failures during recovery and failures during checkpointing. Recoveries are automatic and transparent to the user.

Availability and implementation
The modified fault-tolerant RAxML-NG code is available under GNU GPL at https://github.com/lukashuebner/ft-raxml-ng.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Tfcancer: a manually curated database of transcription factors associated with human cancers
Authors: Huang Qingqing , Tan Zhengtang , Li Yanjing , Wang Wenzhu , Lang Mei , Li Changying , Guo Zhiyun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Summary
Transcription factors (TFs) are critical regulation elements and its dysregulation can lead to a variety of cancers. However, currently, there are no such online resources for large-scale collection, storage and analysis of TF-cancer associations in those cancers. To fill this gap, we present a database called TFcancer (http://lcbb.swjtu.edu.cn/tfcancer/), which contains 3136 experimentally supported associations between 364 TFs and 33 TCGA cancers by manually curating more than 1800 literature. TFcancer mainly concentrates on four aspects: TF expression, molecular alteration, regulatory relationships between TFs and target genes, and biological processes and signaling pathways of TFs in cancers. TFcancer not only provides a user-friendly interface for browsing and searching but also allows flexible data downloading and user data submitting. It is believed that TFcancer is a helpful and valuable resource for researchers who seek to understand the functions and molecular mechanisms of TFs involved in human cancers.

Availability and implementation
The TFcancer are freely available at http://lcbb.swjtu.edu.cn/tfcancer/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Biallelic variants in VPS50 cause a neurodevelopmental disorder with neonatal cholestasis
Authors: Schneeberger Pauline E , Nampoothiri Sheela , Holling Tess , Yesodharan Dhanya , Alawi Malik , Knisely A S , Müller Thomas , Plecko Barbara , Janecke Andreas R , Kutsche Kerstin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) and endosome-associated recycling protein (EARP) complexes are membrane-tethering heterotetramers located at the trans-Golgi network and recycling endosomes, respectively. GARP and EARP share the three subunits VPS51, VPS52 and VPS53, while VPS50 is unique to EARP and VPS54 to GARP. Retrograde transport of endosomal cargos to the trans-Golgi network is mediated by GARP and endocytic recycling by EARP.
Here we report two unrelated individuals with homozygous variants in VPS50, a splice variant (c.1978-1G&gt;T) and an in-frame deletion (p.Thr608del). Both patients had severe developmental delay, postnatal microcephaly, corpus callosum hypoplasia, seizures and irritability, transient neonatal cholestasis and failure to thrive. Light and transmission electron microscopy of liver from one revealed the absence of gamma-glutamyltransferase at bile canaliculi, with mislocalization to basolateral membranes and abnormal tight junctions. Using patient-derived fibroblasts, we identified reduced VPS50 protein accompanied by reduced levels of VPS52 and VPS53. While the transferrin receptor internalization rate was normal in cells of both patients, recycling of the receptor to the plasma membrane was significantly delayed.
These data underscore the importance of VPS50 and/or the EARP complex in endocytic recycling and suggest an additional function in establishing cell polarity and trafficking between basolateral and apical membranes in hepatocytes. Individuals with biallelic hypomorphic variants in VPS50, VPS51 or VPS53 show an overarching neurodegenerative disorder with severe developmental delay, intellectual disability, microcephaly, early-onset epilepsy and variable atrophy of the cerebellum, cerebrum and/or brainstem. The term ‘GARP/EARP deficiency’ designates disorders in such individuals.
Ocean warming impairs the predator avoidance behaviour of elasmobranch embryos
Authors: Ripley Daniel M , De Giorgio Sara , Gaffney Kirstin , Thomas Lowri , Shiels Holly A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Embryogenesis is a vulnerable stage in elasmobranch development due in part to high predation mortality. Embryonic elasmobranchs respond to potential predators by displaying a freezing behaviour, characterized by the cessation of pharyngeal respiration followed immediately by coiling of the tail around the body. We hypothesized that the duration of this freeze response is limited by the embryo’s requirement for oxygen. Here, Scyliorhinus canicula embryos were incubated at either 15°C or 20°C during embryogenesis and tested for the duration of, and metabolic consequence of, the freeze response at their respective incubation temperature. Freeze response duration was negatively impacted by routine metabolic rate; embryos at 20°C had 7-fold shorter freeze duration than those at 15°C, potentially increasing their susceptibility to predation. These data demonstrate the capacity for climate change stressors to affect animal behaviour and suggest that this may occur by eliciting changes in the organism’s metabolism. We suggest altered predator avoidance behaviour is a new factor to consider when assessing the impact of climate change on the conservation and management of oviparous elasmobranch species.
Termite Presence and Feeding on Loblolly Pine Wood Differs Among Four Root-Infecting Bluestain (ophiostomatoid) Fungal Species
Authors: Clay Natalie A , Siegert Courtney , Tang Juliet D , Little Nathan S , Eckhardt Lori G , Riggins John J 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBark beetles and root weevils can impact forests through tree death on landscape scales. Recently, subterranean termites have been linked to these beetles via the presence of bluestain fungi (Ascomycota: Ophiostomataceae), which are vectored to trees by beetles. However, only a small subset of bluestain species have been examined. Here, we tested whether termite-bluestain association patterns in the field reflect termite feeding preference in laboratory choice trials. We documented the presence of four bluestain fungi (Leptographium procerum (W.B. Kendr.), L. terebrantis (Barras & Perry), Grosmannia huntii (Rob.-Jeffr.), and G. alacris (T.A. Duong, Z.W. de Beer & M.J. Wingf.) in the roots of 2,350 loblolly pine trees in the southeastern United States and whether termites were present or absent on these roots and paired this with laboratory choice feeding trials. Termites were found 2.5-fold on tree roots with at least one bluestain fungus present than tree roots without bluestain fungi. Although termites in this study and others were associated with L. procerum, L. terebrantis, and marginally G. huntii, termites only showed preferential feeding on wood inoculated with G. huntii in laboratory trials. This suggests that increased termite presence on wood with bluestain fungi may be driven by factors other than increased wood palatability. Termites could thus disproportionately affect wood turnover rates for specific pools (e.g., bark beetle and root weevil attacked trees) and in some cases (e.g., G. huntii) accelerate wood decomposition. This study supports the growing evidence that the association between subterranean termites and bluestain fungi is spatially and taxonomically widespread.
Clinical intra-cardiac 4D flow CMR: acquisition, analysis, and clinical applications
Authors: Demirkiran Ahmet , van Ooij Pim , Westenberg Jos J M , Hofman Mark B M , van Assen Hans C , Schoonmade Linda J , Asim Usman , Blanken Carmen P S , Nederveen Aart J , van Rossum Albert C , Götte Marco J W 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Identification of flow patterns within the heart has long been recognized as a potential contribution to the understanding of physiological and pathophysiological processes of cardiovascular diseases. Although the pulsatile flow itself is multi-dimensional and multi-directional, current available non-invasive imaging modalities in clinical practice provide calculation of flow in only 1-direction and lack 3-dimensional volumetric velocity information. Four-dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow CMR) has emerged as a novel tool that enables comprehensive and critical assessment of flow through encoding velocity in all 3 directions in a volume of interest resolved over time. Following technical developments, 4D flow CMR is not only capable of visualization and quantification of conventional flow parameters such as mean/peak velocity and stroke volume but also provides new hemodynamic parameters such as kinetic energy. As a result, 4D flow CMR is being extensively exploited in clinical research aiming to improve understanding of the impact of cardiovascular disease on flow and vice versa. Of note, the analysis of 4D flow data is still complex and accurate analysis tools that deliver comparable quantification of 4D flow values are a necessity for a more widespread adoption in clinic. In this article, the acquisition and analysis processes are summarized and clinical applications of 4D flow CMR on the heart including conventional and novel hemodynamic parameters are discussed. Finally, clinical potential of other emerging intra-cardiac 4D flow imaging modalities is explored and a near-future perspective on 4D flow CMR is provided.
The questionable benefit of pectus excavatum repair on cardiopulmonary function: a prospective study
Authors: Del Frari Barbara , Blank Cornelia , Sigl Stephan , Schwabegger Anton H , Gassner Eva , Morawetz David , Schobersberger Wolfgang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Since the introduction of the minimally invasive technique for repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE), increasing numbers of patients are presenting for surgery. However, controversy remains regarding cardiopulmonary outcomes of surgical repair. Therefore, the aim of our prospective study was to investigate cardiopulmonary function, at rest and during exercise before surgery, first after MIRPE and then after pectus bar removal.

METHODS
Forty-seven patients were enrolled in a prospective, open-label, single-arm, single-centre clinical trial (Impact of Surgical Treatments of Thoracic Deformation on Cardiopulmonary Function) [NCT02163265] between July 2013 and November 2019. All patients underwent a modified MIRPE technique for surgical correction of pectus excavatum (PE), called Minor Open Videoendoscopically Assisted Repair of Pectus Excavatum. The patients underwent pre- and postoperative chest X-ray, three-dimensional volume-rendering computer tomography thorax imaging, cardiopulmonary function tests at rest and during stepwise cycle spiroergometry (sitting and supine position) and Doppler echocardiography. Daily physical activity questionnaires were also completed.

RESULTS
The study was completed by 19 patients (15 males, 4 females), aged 13.9–19.6 years at the time of surgery. The surgical patient follow-up was 5.7 ± 7.9 months after pectus bar removal. No significant differences in cardiopulmonary and exercise parameters were seen after placement of the intrathoracic bar, or after pectus bar removal, compared to presurgery.

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings indicate that surgical correction of PE does not impair cardiopulmonary function at rest or during exercise. Therefore, no adverse effects on exercise performance should be expected from surgical treatment of PE via the modified MIRPE technique.

Clinical trial registration number
clinicaltrials.gov [ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02163265].
Comparison of cardiovascular outcomes and cardiometabolic risk factors between patients with type 2 diabetes treated with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Siwen , Wu Ting , Zuo Zhihong , Jin Ping , Luo Xuan , Deng Meichun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Aims
Prevention of cardiovascular outcomes is a goal of the management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients as important as lowering blood glucose levels. Among the various glucose-lowering agents, the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2Is) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4Is) on cardiovascular outcomes have become the focus of recent researches.

Methods and results
A systematic search was performed through several online database. All studies that compared the effects of SGLT-2Is and DPP-4Is on cardiovascular outcomes and cardiometabolic risk factors were reviewed. A total of 30 studies were included. Compared with DPP-4Is, SGLT-2Is treatment reduced the risk of stroke [risk ratio (RR) = 0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.76–0.84], myocardial infarction (RR = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.81–0.89), heart failure (RR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.54–0.62), cardiovascular mortality (RR = 0.55; 95% CI, 0.51–0.60), and all-cause mortality (RR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.57–0.63). In addition, SGLT-2Is presented favourable effects on hemoglobinA1c, fasting plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. The differences in blood lipids were also compared.

Conclusion
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors are superior to DPP-4Is in terms of cardiovascular outcomes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors bring more benefits with respect to the cardiometabolic risk factors.
The relationship between cardiac resynchronization therapy and serum levels of copeptin in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Kerekanic M , Hudak M , Jakubova M , Kucerova D , Misikova S , Komanova E , Sedlak J , Boho A , Stancak B 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): The present study was supported by a grant from Slovak Hearth Rhythm Association (Prognostic value of MR-proANP and MR-proADM in patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy).

Background
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a complex syndrome characterized by an abnormal neurohormonal activation, including arginine vasopressin (AVP). Copeptin is an indicator of AVP activation, which levels are elevated in CHF and have prognostic importance. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an important device therapy for patients with advanced CHF, left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and evidence of electromechanical dyssynchrony. The aim of the present study was to determine the possible relationship between CRT and serum copeptin levels.

Methods
We have included CRT patients with ischemic as well as nonischemic etiology of CHF. The levels of copeptin were measured at baseline and 12 months respectively after CRT implantation. Echocardiography was also performed pre and 12 months post CRT implantation. A CRT response was defined as a ≥ 15 % reduction in LV end-systolic volume (LVESV).

Results
The study population consisted of 41 patients. The mean copeptin level was 20.50 ± 15.77 pmol/l. Copeptin levels positively correlated with New York Heart Association class, left atrial diameter, creatinine levels and NT-proBNP levels. CRT responders have significant reduction in copeptin levels from baseline to 12 months (from 16.96 ± 12.80 pmol/l to 6.20 ± 6.44 pmol/l, p &lt; 0.001). No significant changes in copeptin levels were observed in CRT nonresponders. Reduction &gt; 45 % in copeptin levels was predictor of CRT-response (OR 6.72, 95 % CI 1.01 - 18.11, p = 0.045).

Conclusion
The copeptin serum levels can be a useful biomarker in the evaluation of the CRT response.