bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of epidural labor analgesia on postpartum depression and maternal and infant outcomes in parturients with gestational diabetes mellitus---A prospective cohort study
Authors: Li Gehui , Qi Xiaofei , Tan Xuhong , Wu Mingguang , Wang Hao , Wang Xiaoguang , Sun Jing , Li Yong , Wen Ping , Huang Xiaolei , li Yuantao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPostpartum depression (PPD) negatively affects the health of new mothers and can impair infant development. Both labor pain and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are potential risk factors for PPD. However, the effects of epidural labor analgesia in parturients with GDM on PPD and maternal and infant outcomes have not been characterized.MethodsParturients with GDM in our hospital were assigned to the epidural group (n = 133) and no epidural (control) group (n = 130) according to their choice to receive epidural labor analgesia. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to evaluate maternal mental status at 24 h and 42 days postpartum. Data for relative variables in the perinatal period were collected, and the potential associations of epidural analgesia with PPD and maternal and infant outcomes were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analyses.ResultsEpidural analgesia was a protective factor for PPD at 24 h postpartum (odds ratio [OR], 0.301, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.104–0.867, p < 0.05), and the EPDS score at 24 h post-delivery showed significant correlation with that at 42 days post-delivery (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.527, p < 0.001). The rate of neonatal admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for hypoglycemia was higher in the epidural group (6.92%) than in the control group (1.50%; p < 0.05). Epidural analgesia and drug-based diabetes control were independent predictors of the rate of neonate transfer to the NICU for hypoglycemia.ConclusionEpidural analgesia was a protective factor for PPD at 24 h postpartum, but associated with an increased risk of neonatal transfer to the NICU for hypoglycemia. Thus, monitoring of neonatal blood glucose levels after administration of epidural analgesia in parturients with GDM may be beneficial.Clinical Trial Registrationthe study was registered in the China Clinical Registration Center (URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx, Registration No. ChiCTR-OOC-17013164)
The repurposed use of anesthesia machines to ventilate critically ill patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Bottiroli Maurizio , Calini Angelo , Pinciroli Riccardo , Mueller Ariel , Siragusa Antonio , Anelli Carlo , Urman Richard , Nozari Ala , Berra Lorenzo , Mondino Michele , Fumagalli Roberto 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe surge of critically ill patients due to the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) overwhelmed critical care capacity in areas of northern Italy. Anesthesia machines have been used as alternatives to traditional ICU mechanical ventilators. However, the outcomes for patients with COVID-19 respiratory failure cared for with Anesthesia Machines is currently unknow. We hypothesized that COVID-19 patients receiving care with Anesthesia Machines would have worse outcomes compared to standard practice.MethodsWe designed a retrospective study of patients admitted with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis at a large tertiary urban hospital in northern Italy. Two care units were included: a 27-bed standard ICU and a 15-bed temporary unit emergently opened in an operating room setting. Intubated patients assigned to Anesthesia Machines (AM group) were compared to a control cohort treated with standard mechanical ventilators (ICU-VENT group). Outcomes were assessed at 60-day follow-up. A multivariable Cox regression analysis of risk factors between survivors and non-survivors was conducted to determine the adjusted risk of death for patients assigned to AM group.ResultsComplete daily data from 89 mechanically ventilated patients consecutively admitted to the two units were analyzed. Seventeen patients were included in the AM group, whereas 72 were in the ICU-VENT group. Disease severity and intensity of treatment were comparable between the two groups. The 60-day mortality was significantly higher in the AM group compared to the ICU-vent group (12/17 vs. 27/72, 70.6% vs. 37.5%, respectively, p = 0.016). Allocation to AM group was associated with a significantly increased risk of death after adjusting for covariates (HR 4.05, 95% CI: 1.75–9.33, p = 0.001). Several incidents and complications were reported with Anesthesia Machine care, raising safety concerns.ConclusionsOur results support the hypothesis that care associated with the use of Anesthesia Machines is inadequate to provide long-term critical care to patients with COVID-19. Added safety risks must be considered if no other option is available to treat severely ill patients during the ongoing pandemic.Clinical Trial NumberNot applicable
EZH2 Promotes Extracellular Matrix Degradation via Nuclear Factor-κB(NF-κB) and p38 signaling Pathways in pulpitis
Authors: He jie , Qin Man , Chen Yingyi , Hu Ziqi , Ye Ling , Hui Tianqian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Pulpitis is a complicated chronic inflammatory process which in a dynamic balance between damage and repair. Extracellular matrix plays an important regulatory role in wound healing and tissue repair. The aim of this study was to explore role of the epigenetic mark, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) on the degradation of extracellular matrix during pulpitis. Methods : Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and type Ⅰ collagen in HDPCs upon EZH2 and EI1 stimulation. The mechanism of EZH2 affecting extracellular matrix was explored through quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. A rat model of dental pulp inflammation was established, and the expression of type Ⅰ collagen in dental pulp under EZH2 stimulation was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results :EZH2 upregulated the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8 and MMP-10 and decreased the production of type Ⅰ collagen in HDPCs, while EI1 had the opposite effect .EZH2 activated the Nuclear Factor-κB(NF-κB)and p38 signaling Pathways in HDPCs, the inhibition of which reversed the induction of MMPs and the suppression of type Ⅰ collagen .EZH2 can downregulated the type Ⅰ collagen levels in an experimental model of dental pulpitis in rats. Conclusion: EZH2 promotes extracellular matrix degradation via Nuclear Factor-κB(NF-κB)and P38 signaling pathways in pulpitis.EZH2 can decrease the type Ⅰ collagen levels in vivo and vitro.
Daylight Saving Time Policy and Energy Consumption
Authors: Küfeoğlu Sinan , Üçler Şahincan , Eskicioğlu Furkan , Öztürk E. Büşra , Chen Hao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Daylight Saving Time is argued to be effective in saving energy. Turkey is one of the few countries that annulled the clock changes and remained in the summertime zone in 2016. This paper uses Multiple Linear Regression and Interrupted Time Series methods to study the impact of clock changes on energy consumption and load shift. We use historical energy consumption, electricity prices, and relevant atmospheric essential climate variables data in Turkey between 2012-2020. This paper shows that the Daylight Saving Time policy does not lead to a measurable amount of energy savings. Furthermore, it does not cause a noticeable continuous daily load shift throughout the year. We also claim that our findings should be applicable to those countries such as the United States, India, Japan, Australia or China and as well as continents of Africa and South America, whose latitudes are in between 42.0° north and south of the equator.
LPWAN-Based Hybrid Backhaul Communication for Intelligent Transportation Systems: Architecture and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Shahgholi Taghi , Sheikhahmadi Amir , Khamforoosh Keyhan , Azizi Sadoon 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Increased number of the vehicles on the streets around the world has led to several problems including traffic congestion, emissions, and huge fuel consumption in many regions. With advances in wireless and traffic technologies, the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has been introduced as a viable solution for solving these problems by implementing more efficient use of the current infrastructures. In this paper, the possibility of using cellular-based Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) communications, LTE-M and NB-IoT, for ITS applications has been investigated. LTE-M and NB-IoT are designed to provide long range, low power and low cost communication infrastructures and can be a promising option which has the potential to be employed immediately in real systems. In this paper, we have proposed an architecture to employ the LPWAN as a backhaul infrastructure for ITS and to understand the feasibility of the proposed model, two applications with low and high delay requirements have been examined: road traffic monitoring and emergency vehicle management. Then, the performance of using LTE-M and NB-IoT for providing backhaul communication infrastructure has been evaluated in a realistic simulation environment and compared for these two scenarios in terms of end-to-end latency per user. Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO) has been used for realistic traffic generation and a Python-based program has been developed for evaluation of the communication system. The simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of using LPWAN for ITS backhaul infrastructure mostly in favor of the LTE-M over NB-IoT.management. Then, the performance of using LTE-M and NB-IoT for providing backhaul communication infrastructure has been evaluated in a realistic simulation environment and compared for these two scenarios in terms of end to end delay per user. Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO) has been used for realistic traffic generation and a Python-based program has been developed. This program has the ability to exchange live data with SUMO for communication performance evaluation. The simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of using LPWAN for ITS backhaul infrastructure mostly in favor of the LTE-M over NB-IoT.
The Memory Effect on Fractional Calculus: An Application in the Spread of Covid-19
Authors: de Barros Laécio Carvalho , Lopes Michele Martins , Simões Francielle Santo Pedro , Esmi Estevão , Santos José Paulo Carvalho dos , Sánchez Daniel Eduardo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Fractional calculus has been widely used in mathematical modeling of evolutionary systems with memory effect on dynamics. The main interest of this work is to attest, through a statistical approach, how the hysteresis phenomenon, which describes a type of memory effect present in biological systems, can be treated by fractional calculus. We also analyse the contribution of the historical values of a function in the evaluation of fractional operators according to their order. In order to illustrate the efficiency of this non-integer order calculus, we consider the SIR (Susceptible-Infected-Recovered) compartmental model which is widely used in epidemiology. We employ this compartmental model to study the dynamics of the spread of Covid-19 in some countries, one version with memory and one without memory.
Current status and related factors of turnover intention of primary medical staff in Anhui Province, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Guimei , Sang Lingzhi , Rong Jian , Yan Huosheng , Liu Hongzhang , Cheng Jing , Wang Li , Ding Hong , Chen Ren 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background The shortage of primary medical staff is an important issue in the management of health human resources, and it is also a problem that all countries in the world need to face together. Since 2009, China has implemented a new series of medical system reforms and the shortage and loss of primary medical staff have been alleviated accordingly. However, China has a large population and it is difficult to distribute health human resources evenly across regions. This study aimed to explore the current status of turnover intention and its relationship with psychological capital, social support, and job burnout, as well as how these factors influence turnover intention of primary medical staff in Anhui province, China.Methods Using structured questionnaires to collect data, including demographic characteristics, turnover intention, psychological capital, social support, and Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory scale. A total of 1,152 primary medical workers of Anhui were investigated. Data were analyzed by t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression model.Results Total scores of turnover intention, psychological capital, social support, and job burnout of subjects were 14.15 ± 4.35, 100.09 ± 15.98, 64.93 ± 13.23 and 41.07 ± 9.437, respectively. Multiple linear regression showed the related factors of turnover intention were age, job position, work unit, and scores of job burnout. Pearson correlation showed psychological capital and social support were negatively correlated with turnover intention, while the score of job burnout was positively correlated with turnover intention.Conclusion The improvement of psychological capital and social support and the reduction of job burnout may play an important role in reducing turnover intention of primary medical staff. Primary medical managers should strengthen the humanistic care for primary medical staff, optimize the incentive mechanism, and improve internal management of medical institutions for stability.
A Hawkes process model for the propagation of COVID-19: simple analytical results
Authors: Escobar Juan Valentin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We present a model for the COVID-19 epidemic that offers analytical expressions for the newly registered and latent cases. This model is based on an epidemic branching process with latency that is greatly simplified when the bare memory kernel is given by an exponential function as observed in this pandemic. We expose the futility of the concept of “bending the curve” of the epidemic as long as the number of latent cases is not depleted. Our model offers the possibility of laying out different scenarios for the evolution of the epidemic in different countries based on the most recent observations and in terms of only two constants obtained from clinical trials.
Immune infiltrating cells in cholangiocarcinoma may become clinical diagnostic markers: based on bioinformatics analysis.
Authors: Zhang yongwei , Chen Sihan , Li Jun , Dai Wei , Qian yeben 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a malignant tumor originating from the secondary bile duct and its branch epithelium. Among primary liver tumors, the incidence of ICC is second only to hepatocellular carcinoma. tumor microenvironment can regulate the occurrence and development of tumors. This study is dedicated to finding more markers that can diagnose ICC by finding the differential tumor microenvironment cells between ICC and normal tissues. Methods: We wanted to study the infiltration of immune cells between the cholangiocarcinoma of the same patient and its paired non-tumor tissues, to explore the difference of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and adjacent non-tumor tissues in the same organism. So, we searched the relevant data of patients with ICC from the GEO database and found that the GSE45001 data set meets our research needs. CIBERSORT database is used to calculate immune cell composition. Finally, perform visual analysis and data statistics to find out the differentially expressed immune cells. Results: we found that the expression levels of Dendritic cells activated, Macrophages M2 and T cells regulatory (Tregs) in ICC were higher than normal tissues and the expression levels of Macrophages M1, Monocytes and T cells follicular helper in ICC were lower than normal tissues. Conclusion: These 6 types of immune cells are expected to become molecular markers for clinical diagnosis of ICC.
Joint user pairing and power allocation scheme based on&nbsp;transmission mode switching between NOMA based maximum ratio transmission and MMSE beamforming in downlink MISO systems
Authors: Zhao Zhixin , Wang Dong , Zhang Hongwei , Sang Haitao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
IThis paper investigates the design of the joint user pairing and power allocation scheme with transmission mode switching (TMS) in downlink multiple-input-single-output (MISO) systems. Firstly, the closed-form expressions of the boundary of achievable rate region of two candidate transmission modes, i.e., non-orthogonal multiple access based maximum ratio transmission (NOMA-MRT) and minimum mean square error beamforming (MMSE-BF), are obtained. By obtaining the outer boundary of the union of the achievable rate regions of the two transmission modes, an adaptive switching method is developed to achieve a larger rate region. Secondly, based on the idea that the solution to the problem of weighted sum rate (WSR) optimization must be on the boundary of the achievable rate region, the optimal solutions to the problem of WSR optimization for NOMA-MRT and MMSE-BF are obtained for the two-user case, respectively. Subsequently, by exploiting the optimal solutions aforementioned for two transmission modes and the high efficiency of TMS, a suboptimal User pairing and Power Allocation algorithm (JUPA) is proposed to further improve sum-rate performance for the multi-user case. Compared with the Exhaustive Search based user Pairing and Power Allocation algorithm (ES-PPA), the proposed JUPA can enjoy a much lower computational complexity and only suffer a slight sum-rate performance loss, whereas outperforms other traditional schemes. Finally, numerical results are provided to validate the analyses and the proposed algorithms.
BMI, Waist to Height Ratio and Waist Circumference as a screening tool for Hypertension in Hospital out Patients: A Cross-Sectional, Non-inferiority study
Authors: Shrestha Rajan , Upadhyay Sanjib K. , Khatri Bijay , Bhattarai Janak R. , Kayastha Manish , Upadhyay Madan P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective The study aimed to determine the burden of obesity, using three commonly employed metrics in the hospital outpatient setting of a developing country as predictors of hypertension through a non-inferiority study.Design A cross-sectional study design was adopted.Setting This study was conducted in Health Promotion and Risk Factor Screening Service in a tertiary Eye and ENT hospital in a semi-urban area of Nepal.Participants 2,256 randomly selected 40-69 years outpatients.Outcome measures Correlation analysis, the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve, Odds ratios (OR) were calculated between three obesity metrices and hypertension.Results The prevalence of obesity and overweight by BMI was 16.09% and 42.20%, respectively; by WHtR was 32.76%, which is two times higher than obesity measured by BMI. High WC was observed among 66.76% of participants. Female participants had a greater prevalence of high WC (77.46%) than males (53.73%) (p<0.001). Prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension was 40.67% and 36.77%, respectively. The areas under the curve were significantly higher than 0.5 for BMI (0.593), WHtR (0.602), and WC (0.610).Conclusion WC correlated well with obesity and hypertension. It also had a higher predicting ability than WHtR and BMI to predict hypertension. WC thus proved to be non-inferior to two other commonly used metrics. It proved superior in detecting obesity in female. This inexpensive and simple non-tension tape measurement may play an important role in the future diagnosis of obesity and the prediction of HTN in resource-constrained settings of developing countries.
Calcium-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2 activation is implicated in neuroinflammation and oxidative stress associated with ApoE4
Authors: Wang Shaowei , Li Boyang , Solomon Victoria , Fonteh Alfred , Rapoport Stanley I. , Bennett David A. , Arvanitakis Zoe , Chui Helena C. , Miller Carol A. , Sullivan Patrick M. , Wang Hoau-Yan , Yassine Hussein 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) is associated with a greater response to neuroinflammation and the risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the mechanisms for this association are not clear. The activation of calcium-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) is involved in inflammatory signaling and is elevated within the plaques of AD brains. The relation between APOE4 genotype and cPLA2 activity is not known.Methods: Mouse primary astrocytes, mouse and human brain samples differing by APOE genotypes were collected for measuring cPLA2 expression, phosphorylation, and activity in relation to measures of inflammation and oxidative stress. Results: Greater cPLA2 phosphorylation, cPLA2 activity and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) levels were identified in ApoE4 compared to ApoE3 in primary astrocytes, brains of ApoE-targeted replacement (ApoE-TR) mice, and in human brain homogenates from the inferior frontal cortex of patients with AD carrying APOE3/4 compared to APOE3/3. Greater cPLA2 phosphorylation was also observed in human postmortem frontal cortical synaptosomes and primary astrocytes after treatment with recombinant ApoE4 ex vivo. In ApoE4 astrocytes, the greater levels of LTB4, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were reduced after cPLA2 inhibition. Conclusions: Our findings implicate greater activation of cPLA2 signaling system with APOE4, which could represent a potential drug target for mitigating the increased neuroinflammation with APOE4 and AD.
A Bifunctional Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Involved in the O-Dealkylation or N-Dealkoxymethylation of Chloroacetanilide Herbicides in Rhodococcus sp. B2
Authors: liu hongming , Yuan Meng , Liu Aimin , Ren Lei , Zhu Guo-ping , Sun Li-na 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The chloroacetamide herbicides pretilachlor is an emerging pollutant. Due to the large amount of use, its presence in the environment threatens human health. However, the molecular mechanism of pretilachlor degradation remains unknown. Results: Now, Rhodococcus sp. B2 was isolated from rice field and shown to degrade pretilachlor. The maximum pretilachlor degradation efficiency (86.1%) was observed at a culture time of 5 d, an initial substrate concentration 50 mg/L, pH 6.98, and 30.1°C. One novel metabolite N-hydroxyethyl-2-chloro-N-(2, 6-diethyl-phenyl)-acetamide was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Draft genome comparison demonstrated that a 32,147-bp DNA fragment, harboring gene cluster (EthRABCDB2), was absent from the mutant strain TB2 which could not degrade pretilachlor. The Eth gene cluster, encodes an AraC/XylS family transcriptional regulator (EthRB2), a ferredoxin reductase (EthAB2), a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (EthBB2), a ferredoxin (EthCB2) and a 10-kDa protein of unknown function (EthDB2). Complementation with EthABCDB2 and EthABDB2, but not EthABCB2 in strain TB2 restored its ability to degrade chloroacetamide herbicides. Subsequently, codon optimization of EthABCDB2 was performed, after which the optimized components were separately expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified using Ni-affinity chromatography. A mixture of EthABCDB2 or EthABDB2 but not EthABCB2 catalyzed the N-dealkoxymethylation of alachlor, acetochlor, butachlor, and propisochlor and O-dealkylation of pretilachlor, revealing that EthD acted as a ferredoxin in strain B2. EthABDB2 displayed maximal activity at 30 °C and pH 7.5. Conclusions: This is the first report of a P450 family oxygenase catalyzing the O-dealkylation and N-dealkoxymethylation of pretilachlor and propisochlor, respectively. And the results of the present study provide a microbial resource for the remediation of chloroacetamide herbicides-contaminated sites.