bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TEACHING VOCABULARY BY USING SUBSTITUTION AND CUED RESPONSE DRILLS TECHNIQUE TO THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP NEGERI 41 MEDAN
Authors: Situmorang Romasta , Raja Viator Lumban , Ginting Fiber Yun Almanda 
Published: October 2021

In learning a language, the first thing people should learn is vocabulary. Vocabulary is one of the essential aspects of language.Â Without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.Â In other words, vocabulary is the core of the language itself.Â The aim of this study is to find out whether or not Substitution and Cued Response Drills Technique gives improvement on studentsâ€™ vocabulary mastery.Â The subject of the study is the students of Class VIII E of SMP Negeri 41 Medan in the Academic Year of 2017/2018.Â Vocabulary test, questionnaire, observation sheet and field notes were used as the instruments for collecting data. The results of the study showed the improvement of the studentsâ€™ vocabulary mastery.Â It is proven by the studentsâ€™ mean score of each test: pre test is 45.37, formative test is 58.28 and post test is 70.12.Â Moreover, the improvement could also be seen from the Minimum Mastery Criteria (Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimum) that showed the percentage of studentsâ€™ score of pre test is 9.37%, formative test is 31.25%, and post test is 56.25%.Â It can be concluded that there is a progress on student score percentage namely 46.88% from pre-test to post-test based on KKM. Therefore, the application of Substitution and Cued Response Drills Technique is suitable to teach vocabulary to the students.
IMPROVING THE EIGHT GRADE STUDENTSâ€™ COMPETENCE IN USING QUESTION TAGS THROUGH DISCUSSION METHOD AT SMP DELI MURNI MEDAN
Authors: Wea Yolenta , Lumban Raja Viator , Sembiring Novalina 
Published: October 2021

This research is conducted in order to improve the eight grade studentsâ€™ competence in using question tag through Discussion Method at SMP Deli Murni Medan. It also helps the English teacher of the eight grade students of SMP Deli Murni Medan to manage learning and teaching activities in the classroom. In conducting this research, the writer used Classroom Action Research (CAR) as the method of research. Thisresearch consists of two cycles and each cycle consists of four steps, they were planning, action, observation and reflecting. The data were in the form of qualitative and quantitative data. The qualitative data analyzed the learning process. The quantitative data counted the studentsâ€™ score in pre-test and post-test. The result of this research shows that in teaching question tags through Discssion Method at the eight grade students of SMP Deli Murni Medan could improve their competence in using question tags. Moreever, the studentsâ€™ achievements in pre-test and post-test showed a significant improvement. The total score of quantitative data in pre-test was 1998 with the mean score 54, while the total score in formative test was 2630 with the mean score 71,08Â and the total score of post-test was 3004 with the mean score 81,18. From the result, the writer concluded that Discussion Method could improve studentsâ€™ competence in using question tags.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE STUDENTSâ€™ VOCABULARY MASTERY AND THEIR WRITING SKILL OF THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA NEGERI 1 KERAJAAN IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2020/2021
Authors: Limbong Anggraeni Etrika. U. , Lumban Raja Viator , Sari Anna Stasya Prima 
Published: October 2021

Writing is one of the important skills in learningÂ English that should be acquired by the students. And also it is one of the most difficult skills to the students to b acquired in the learning English. One of the reasons is the lack of studentsâ€™ in vocabulary mastery. That is why this research was conducted in order to find out the correlation between studentsâ€™ vocabulary mastery and their writing skill at the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Kerajaan in the Academic Year of 2020/2021 which is consist of four classes. The writer took 53 students as the sample of this research by whose students numbers are odd randomly. The instrument in collecting data is the test. The tests were used to collect the data of the studentsâ€™ vocabulary mastery and their writing skill. The techniques which were used to analyze the data are normality test, Linear Regression Analysis Statistic and Pearson Product Moment by using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS). The result of hypothesis test showed that the coefficient of correlation is 0,638 at the significant level 0,5%. Since the rcount is higher than rtable (0,638>0,279) it means that Ho is rejected. It can be concludedthat there is a significant correlation between studentsâ€™ vocabulary mastery and their writing skill at the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Kerajaan in the Academic Year of 2020//2021.
His bundle pacing: initial Slovenian single-centre experience
Authors: Ivanovski Maja , Zupan Mežnar Anja , Štublar Jernej , Žižek David 
Published: October 2021

Background: High right ventricular (RV) pacing burden may promote left ventricular dysfunction. Recently, His bundle pacing (HBP) has emerged as an alternative method to RV pacing that provides physiological ventricular activation by directly stimulating the conduction system.
Methods: Consecutive 75 patients (male 61.3%, age 65 ± 14 yrs, preserved ejection fraction 53.8%, atrial fibrillation (AF) 56%) in whom HBP was attempted at our centre between May 2018 and September 2020 were included. Acute implant success rate, complications and mid-term outcomes were assessed.
Results: Permanent HBP was acutely successful in 69 patients (92%). There were no acute procedure-related complications. Most common indication was AF with rapid ventricular response (38.7%) where HBP was performed in conjunction with atrioventricular node ablation. Median fluoroscopy time was lower during the second half of implants (6.35 (2.7 – 47) vs. 5.4 (1.3 – 13.6) minutes; p = 0.004). His capture parameters remained stable during the median follow-up of 193 (59 – 342) days. Eleven patients (11/69, 15.9%) with initially successful procedure experienced a significant rise in HBP threshold. Three patients (3/69, 4.3%) needed HBP lead revision or deactivation.
Conclusion: Our initial experience indicates that HBP is feasible and safe in various pacing indications. Further randomized clinical trials with long-term follow-up are needed to provide the grounds for wider clinical application of this promising physiological pacing technique.
Expériences interculturelles universitaires et extracurriculaires : le cas d’une université américaine d’arts libéraux en Bulgarie
Authors: Bozhinova Krastanka 
Published: October 2021

Cette étude vise à présenter des actions orientées vers le développement des compétences interculturelles d’étudiants internationaux dans une université située en Bulgarie, au sein de laquelle ils se voient confrontés au besoin d’une double intégration : à l’éducation de style américain et à l’environnement local. L’étude prend en compte des recherches sur les mobilités universitaires centrées sur des notions telles que l’internationalisation de l’enseignement supérieur, la communication interculturelle et l’intégration grâce au curriculum formel et informel. Elle repose sur l’approche interventionniste « critique, intersubjective et socio-constructionniste » selon Dervin et rassemble deux études empiriques fondées sur cette approche dans le domaine de l’enseignement-apprentissage des langues vivantes et de l’activité artistique extrascolaire. L’analyse qualitative des données est centrée sur les épisodes de prise de conscience de particularités culturelles, d’ouverture à l’autre et de distanciation des participants par rapport à leurs attitudes et valeurs, ainsi que la perception des objectifs, des enjeux et de l’impact social de l’action artistique par les acteurs concernés. L’étude se termine par une évaluation du potentiel des expériences interculturelles pour favoriser à la fois la décentration et l’adaptation au milieu institutionnel et à la communauté locale dans le contexte des valeurs de l’éducation en arts libéraux.
Qui fait l’école ? L’ouverture de l’institution scolaire à la diversité à l’épreuve de l’homogénéité de ses cadres. Enquête dans une administration scolaire en Suisse
Authors: Conus Xavier , Borruat Stéphanie , Ogay Tania , Ballif Loyse 
Published: October 2021

Face à certaines inégalités scolaires persistantes, les interrogations quant au rôle de l’école dans la prise en compte de la diversité de ses publics sont plus que jamais d’actualité. Lors d’une recherche antérieure, nous avons exploré comment se construisait la relation école-familles dans un établissement du canton de Fribourg (Suisse) accueillant principalement des enfants de familles immigrantes et aux revenus modestes. Nous y avons relevé l’ethnocentrisme des acteurs scolaires comme un obstacle majeur dans la relation entre l’école et ces familles, souvent peu coutumières du monde scolaire. Les acteurs scolaires apparaissaient pris dans cet ethnocentrisme, situé à un niveau largement institutionnel. Ce résultat nous a menés à explorer comment l’ethnocentrisme peut imprégner le fonctionnement même de l’institution scolaire, notamment en nous intéressant aux cadres de l’institution scolaire, aux acteurs qui lui donnent son orientation. Cet article vise à 1) établir un portrait des cadres de l’école fribourgeoise quant à leurs trajectoires personnelle, professionnelle et de formation ainsi qu’à leur rapport à la diversité culturelle à l’école et 2) repérer dans ce portrait d’éventuels éléments susceptibles de favoriser l’ethnocentrisme institutionnel. L’enquête s’est faite par questionnaire en ligne. Il ressort des résultats que la majorité des 152 cadres interrogés cumulent le fait d’être d’anciens élèves et des enseignants de l’école fribourgeoise. D’autres éléments participent à une homogénéité marquée des trajectoires des cadres interrogés, comme un vécu généralement positif de leur propre scolarité, le fait d’avoir plus souvent qu’à l’accoutumée un proche enseignant ou de n’avoir vécu aucune expérience scolaire ou professionnelle dans un autre contexte. Nous discutons comment le cadre-type de l’école fribourgeoise apparaît ainsi comme un « produit » de cette école, envers laquelle il entretient un rapport dès le départ positif, relativement exclusif et empreint d’une forme d’endogamie, ce qui est susceptible de favoriser l’ethnocentrisme institutionnel.
Input Demand and Output Supply Elasticities of Coarse Cereals in India: A Translog Profit and Sure Approach
Authors: Ashrit Radha R. 
Published: October 2021

Aims: The aim was to estimate the output supply and input demand elasticities of maize, jowar and bajra production, using the restricted normalised translog profit function, for the major producing states of India (Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Rajasthan).
Study Design: A stratified multi-stage random sampling design was adopted for carrying out the sampling.
Place and Duration of Study: The study pertains to cross sectional plot level data for the period 2013-14 and 2017-18. The study is based on secondary data, collected from Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India.
Methodology: For the present studied crops (maize, jowar and bajra), those states were selected which covered maximum area, i.e, 85% of the total area under the cultivation. Socio-economic data of farmers such as age, sex, level of education, occupation, size of landholding were collected. The translog profit function approach was used as the econometric technique to estimate output supply, and input demand functions. Labour, fertiliser and seeds are taken as variable inputs. Statistical software STATA version 16 was used for the analysis.
Results: The results suggest that the changes in market prices of inputs and output significantly affect the farmers’ profits, crop produce supply and the use of resources in the cultivation of these crops. The supply elasticities of maize, jowar and bajra with respect to its own prices are positive and statistically significant indicating that increase in support prices can boost the supply of these nutri-grains and farmers profits. Labour demand for these crops in the country is elastic and significant to its own price.
Conclusion: During both the periods, 2013-14 (typical monsoon year) and 2017-18 (drought year), the elasticities derived are statistically robust as almost all of them carried compatible signs and in line with the theory. Promoting these crops can contribute to labour absorption.
Antioxidant Potential and GC-MS Analysis of Abrus precatorius Linn Leaves Ethanol Extract
Authors: Gawade Bhimraj , Farooqui Mazahar 
Published: October 2021

Aims: The aim of present study to evaluate the antioxidant potential of Abrus precatorius Linn leaves ethanol extract containing bioactive compounds on free radical scavenger using DPPH. Ethanol extract of Abrus precatorius Linn leaves was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening and fraction of extract was detected by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis.
Methodology and Results: GC-MS analysis of ethanol leaves extract was carried out on Shimadzu GC-MS model number QP 2010S and revealed the presence of 18 phytochemical compounds, with mome inositol as a dominant component. Antioxidant potential of leaves ethanol extract was evaluated using DPPH free radical scavenging assay at five different doses as 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 μg/mL and showed significant DPPH free radical scavenging potential with the IC50 value of 33.37 μg/mL. The bioautography of extract showed that fractions with the most prominent antioxidant potential tended to contain secondary metabolites reported in preliminary phytochemical screening such as alkaloids, carbohydrates, protein and amino acids, glycoside, tannins, flavonoids, triterpenoids and phenolic compounds. The results evaluate and justify the traditional relevance of Abrus precatorius Linn leaves ethanol extract for free radical scavenging potential as a antioxidant and can be used as a lead for the isolation of the antioxidant bioactive chemical constituents in further study.
Conclusion: Preliminary phytochemical screening reported various bioactive compounds in the ethanol extract of Abrus precatorius Linn leaves and identified by GC-MS. The extract exhibited greater free radical scavenging activity i.e. antioxidant potential. The presence of various bioactive phytocompounds justifies the therapeutic use of the Abrus precatorius Linn plant leaves for various ailments by traditional practitioners.
Synthesis and Biological Profiles of Some Benzimidazolyl-chalcones as Anti-leishmanial and Trypanocidal Agents
Authors: N'Guessan D. U. J-P. , Kablan L. A. C. , Kacou A. , Bories C. , Coulibaly S. , Sissouma D. , Loiseau P. M. , Ouattara M. 
Published: October 2021

Background: Benzimidazole constitutes a starting point for the development of new antiprotozoal agents since this nucleus exists in several pharmacologically significant molecules, in particular possessing antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, and antiparasitic properties.
Objective: The present study aimed to identify a molecular hit likely to be developed as an anti-leishmanial and antitrypanosomal drug candidate.
Methods: Thus, 12 hybrids of chalcone or benzimidazolyl-arylpropenones were synthesized and screened in vitro for anti-leishmanial activity against promastigotes of Leishmania donovani. The microculture tetrazolium assay was used to determine their potential to inhibit 50% of a parasite growth (IC50).
Results: Two compounds among 5-chlorobenzimidazole-chalcones (4a and 4c), which exhibited potent activity (IC50<1 μM) against L. donovani and one derivative (4d) poorly effective against L. donovani (IC50>50 μM) were selected to check their trypanocidal activity. Lethal concentration (LC100) values of these compounds were estimated by using observations on the viability of trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma brucei brucei in MEM medium with Earle’s salts and L-glutamine. Seven of the tested compounds (4a, 4b, 4c, 4e, 4g, 4h, and 4j) showed particularly higher inhibitory activity than pentamidine (IC50= 7.6 μM) against L. donovani promastigotes with IC50 values in a range from 0.5 to 1.8 μM. In addition, the 2’-chlorine derivative (4c), displayed potent anti-trypanosomal activity comparable to those of melarsoprol, used as reference drug.
Conclusion: These results support this series of benzimidazole holding arylpropenone group in position 2 as a starting point for future optimization to get novel agents active against leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis.
Comparative Study of Compliance and Factors Affecting Compliance among Commonly Used Drugs in Deep Vein Thrombosis Patients
Authors: Ali Sajid , Mal Kheraj , Ram Jaghat , Malik Rukhsana , Abbassi Muhammad Aslam , Shah Qararo , Sahrish Ufn 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: The objective of current research was to identify the compliance of antithrombotic drug (heparin, warfarin and Rivaroxaban) and factors of non-compliance associated with heparin, warfarin and rivaroxaban.
Methodology: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted on patients suffering from Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) at government teaching hospital of Larkana. 348 DVT patients were selected by using online sample calculator software. Data was collected by using pre validated questionnaire after taking patient consent; finally the data was analyzed with statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 25.
Results: The compliance with rivaroxaban was present in 103 (80.5%) patients followed by heparin drug compliance in 95 (74.2%) DVT patients and warfarin drug compliance in 98 (76.6%) DVT patients. Non-compliance factors with rivaroxaban were; cost in 4 (16.0%) patients, polypharmacy in 6 (24.0%) patients, side effects in 4 (16.0%) patients and prolong therapy in 11 (44.0%) patients. Non-compliance factors with heparin were; monitoring in 13 (39.4%) patients, diet restriction in 6 (18.2%) patients, injectable in 10 (30.3%) patients and ADR in 4 (12.1%) patients. Non-compliance factors with warfarin were; cost in 4 (13.3%) patients, polypharmacy in 8 (26.7%) patients, prolong therapy in 5 (16.7%) patients and ADR in 13 (43.3%) patients.
Conclusion: This study concludes that rate of drug compliance was high in patients of DVT with rivaroxaban followed by warfarin and heparin, whereas long duration of therapy, polypharmacy, side effects of therapy, cost of therapy, continuous monitoring, injectables, diet restrictions and ADRs of therapy were the most commonly reported factors of non-compliance.
Customers’ Perceived Risk and Attitude towards Adoption of the Digital Banking Services
Authors: Sivaram Arathi , Satheesh E. K. 
Published: October 2021

Extensive use of technology in the banking sector has redefined the role of a modern banker and banks are not mere purveyors of credit but providers of a number of hi-tech services at the doorsteps of customers anytime, anywhere, and anyhow. The banking industry is currently witnessing healthy competition to adopt new technology. With the advent of Information Technology and its massive application in banking, the delivery of banking services has become more electronic and online. The demand for internet banking (IB) is necessitated by the growing e-commerce transactions and the paradigm shift in banking led by technology. From the perspective of both users and providers‘, IB is cost-effective, quick, and convenient. IB as a medium of delivering banking services is gaining acceptance from customers and is fast catching up in India particularly in Kerala with almost all the banks offering IB services to their customers. Customers are realizing the comfort of accessing banking services from home and as a result, a number of bank customers have already adopted IB or are on the threshold of adopting it. At the same time, we cannot ignore the various kinds of risks hidden in the IB services. Not only the technological factor but also the social, demographic, and even geographical factors also influence us for being digital.
As a result of the currency demonetization from 8th November 2016, the demand for digital banking services has been increased. This is mainly because of the unexpected financial crisis that emerged due to currency demonetization. So it led to a new digital revolution in the field of the banking industry. Comparing to conventional banking services digital banking will provide a different experience to its customers. As a result of currency demonetization, many of the consumers were forced to adopt digital banking services. Hence this descriptive study is trying to reveal the great risk perceived by the banking customers in the banking services and the wild adoption of digital banking as a result of currency demonetization by taking samples from state bank of India and Kerala Gramin bank customers. This study sheds light on different aspects of consumers’ perceived risk to analyze the influence of total perceived risk and consumers’ willingness to embrace innovation on digital banking services adoption.
The Exercise of Patriarchal Power and the Women’s Negotiation of Power in “The Arabian Nights”
Authors: Angel Natalia 
Published: October 2021

This study focuses on the four tales that are taken from The Arabian Nights, namely The Tale of King Shahryār and His Brother, The Tale of the Porter and The Three Young Girls of Baghdad, Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, and Ali Shar and Zumurrud. The goal is to find the forms of patriarchal power as the causes of the women characters’ negotiation of power and also the forms of the women characters’ negotiation of power in The Arabian Nights. The theories that are used for this study are the theory of power relation, the concept of docile bodies, and the concept of negotiation of power/power strategies. From the analysis, it is found that in the patriarchal society of The Arabian Nights, power is fluid and not fixed. Thus, in the society of The Arabian Nights, the women can still show reactions against men’s exercise of patriarchal power. Key words: Power, Negotiation, Women, Patriarchy, Resistance, Rebellion.
Natural White Pinkish Fairness Advertisement
Authors: Petrina Ignacia 
Published: October 2021

This study observes the perceived meanings towards perceived meanings stated by people with different skin colors towards a skin whitening product advertisement. The subjects for this research are people with dark and fair skin. The writer used the theory of perceived meaning, semiosis, representation, interpretation, and light-skinned beauty in Indonesia to analyze the perceived meanings. The study used descriptive qualitative approach to reveal the perceived meanings of the respondents in a systematic way. From this study, it was found that skin color was one of the factors that affects the process of perceived meaning. Dark skin respondents produced perceived meanings that dark skin was beautiful. Meanwhile, fair skin respondents agreed that fair skin equaled beauty. However, they also produced similar perceived meanings due to the similar culture and common stereotype. Key words: Advertisement, Verbal Expressions, Visual Expressions, Perceived Meaning.
Promoting Fave Hotel’s Rungkut Meeting Rooms and Rooms Using a Marketing Booklet
Authors: Paramita Alexandra Ricci Pradnya 
Published: October 2021

Fave Hotel Rungkut is a 3 – star hotel, located in Jl. Kaliraya Rungkut No. 23 – 25. Fave Hotel Rungkut has 175 total rooms with 169 standar rooms and 6 suite rooms. They also offer 4 medium and 2 large meeting rooms. Their main competitors are Cleo Business Hotel, Zest Hotel Jemursari, and Amaris Magarejo. The main problem that Fave Hotel Rungkut is facing is the decline of upselling rooms and meeting rooms in September – November 2018. To solve the problem, I made a marketing booklet to help sales team sell the products of Fave Hotel Rungkut. A marketing booklet is made in English and Indonesia in order to make their local and foreign customers understand. This marketing booklet will be useful and helpful for sales and marketing team to promote or show their products to their target market. Keywords: Promotion, Hotel, Marketing Booklet