bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of short‐term cognitive‐coping therapy on resting‐state brain function in obsessive‐compulsive disorder
Authors: Ma Jian‐Dong , Wang Chang‐Hong , Huang Ping , Wang Xunan , Shi Li‐Jing , Li Heng‐Fen , Sang De‐En , Kou Shao‐Jie , Li Zhi‐Rong , Zhao Hong‐Zeng , Lian Hong‐Kai , Hu Xian‐Zhang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundObsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) tends to be treatment refractory. Recently, cognitive‐coping therapy (CCT) for OCD is reported to be an efficacious psychotherapy. However, the underlying neurophysiological mechanism remains unknown. Here, the effects of CCT on OCD and the resting‐state brain function were investigated.MethodsFifty‐nine OCD patients underwent CCT, pharmacotherapy plus CCT (pCCT), or pharmacotherapy. Before and after a 4‐week treatment, Yale‐Brown obsessive‐compulsive scale (Y‐BOCS) was evaluated and resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) was scanned.ResultsCompared with the baseline, significant reduction of Y‐BOCS scores was found after four‐week treatment (p < .001) in groups of CCT and pCCT, not in pharmacotherapy. Post‐treatment Y‐BOCS scores of CCT group and pCCT group were not different, but significantly lower than that of pharmacotherapy group (p < .001). Compared with pretreatment, two clusters of brain regions with significant change in amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation (ALFF) were obtained in those who treated with CCT and pCCT, but not in those who received pharmacotherapy. The ALFF in cluster 1 (insula, putamen, and postcentral gyrus in left cerebrum) was decreased, while the ALFF in cluster 2 (occipital medial gyrus, occipital inferior gyrus, and lingual gyrus in right hemisphere) was increased after treatment (correctedp < .05). The changes of ALFF were correlated with the reduction of Y‐BOCS score and were greater in remission than in nonremission. The reduction of the fear of negative events was correlated to the changes of ALFF of clusters and the reduction of Y‐BOCS score.ConclusionsThe effectiveness of CCT for OCD was related to the alteration of resting‐state brain function—the brain plasticity.Trial RegistrationChiCTR‐IPC‐15005969.
Linguistically complex recognition prompts in pre‐recorded cross‐examinations
Authors: Stevens Laura M. , Henderson Hayden M. , Lamb Michael E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study examined the effects of pre‐trial preparation and pre‐recorded cross‐examinations on the linguistic complexity of recognition prompts (i.e., option‐posing or suggestive questions) used when questioning child victims in English criminal courts. The study also compared the linguistic complexity of recognition prompts that did and did not contain suggestive content. Analyses compared 43 cases that involved pre‐recorded cross‐examinations with pre‐trial preparation and 44 cases that did not, which occurred between 2012 and 2016. Cases utilizing the “special measures” contained fewer linguistically complex prompts with and without suggestive content than did their counterparts, demonstrating the benefits of those special measures. Overall, linguistically complex recognition prompts were more likely to contain suggestive content than other recognition prompts. However, linguistically complex prompts with and without suggestive content were still frequently used despite the special measures, demonstrating the need for further professional training to improve the quality of children's evidence.
Differential immune signatures in the tumor microenvironment are associated with colon cancer racial disparities
Authors: Curran Thomas , Sun Zequn , Gerry Brielle , Findlay Victoria J. , Wallace Kristin , Li Zihai , Paulos Chrystal , Ford Marvella , Rubinstein Mark P. , Chung Dongjun , Camp E. Ramsay 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundDisparities in colon cancer (CC) outcomes may be due to a more aggressive phenotype in African American patients in the setting of a decreased tumor immunity, though the precise mechanism for this result has not been well elucidated. To explore the molecular factors underlying CC disparities, we compared the immunogenomic signatures of CC from African American and European American patients.MethodsWe identified all CC patients from the publicly available Cancer Genome Atlas for whom race and survival data are available. Immunophenotype signatures were established for African American and European American patients. Comparisons were made regarding survival and a multivariable linear regression model was created to determine the association of immune cellular components with race. Differential gene expression was also assessed.ResultsOf the 254 patients identified, 58 (23%) were African American and 196 (77%) were European American. African American patients had a decreased progression free survival (p = 0.04). Tumors from African American patients displayed a reduced fraction of macrophages and CD8+T cells and an increased fraction of B cells compared with tumors from European Americans. Differences persisted when controlling for sex, age, and disease stage. Immunostimulatory and immunoinhibitory gene profiles including major histocompatibility complex expression differed by race.ConclusionsDifferences in the tumor immune microenvironment of African American as compared to European American CC specimens may play a role in the survival differences between the groups. These differences may provide targeted therapeutic opportunities.
Monocarboxylate transporter 1 promotes proliferation and invasion of renal cancer cells by mediating acetate transport
Authors: Li Minghua , Long Xia , Wan Huijuan , Yin Meijun , Yang Bo , Zhang Fangting , Guo Xiaoqiang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOne hallmark of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is metabolic reprogramming, which involves elevation of glycolysis and upregulation of lipid metabolism. However, the mechanism of metabolic reprogramming is incompletely understood. Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) promotes transport for lactate and pyruvate, which are crucial for cell metabolism. The aim of present study was to investigate the function of MCT1 on RCC development and its mechanism on metabolic reprogramming. The results showed that MCT1 messenger RNA and protein levels significantly increased in cancer tissues of ccRCC compared to normal tissue. MCT1 was further found to mainly located in the cell membrane of RCC. The knockdown of MCT1 by RNAi significantly inhibited proliferation and migration of 786‐O and ACHN cells. MCT1 also induced the expressions of proliferation marker Ki‐67 and invasion marker SNAI1. Moreover, we also showed that acetate treatment could upregulate the expression of MCT1, but not other MCT isoforms. On the other hand, MCT1 was involved in acetate transport and intracellular histone acetylation. In summary, this study revealed that MCT1 is abnormally high in ccRCC and promotes cancer development. The regulatory effect of MCT1 on cell proliferation and invasion maybe mediated by acetate transport.
Vascular complications associated withintraaorticballoon pump supported percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)and clinical outcomes from the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society NationalPCIDatabase
Authors: Kinnaird Tim , Anderson Richard , Gallagher Sean , Sharp Andrew S. P. , Farooq Vasim , Ludman Peter , Copt Samuel , Curzen Nicholas , Sirker Alex , Nolan Jim , Mamas Mamas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe impact of a vascular complication (VC) in the setting of intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) supported PCI on clinical outcomes is unclear.MethodsUsing data from the BCIS National PCI Database, multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of a VC. Propensity scoring was used to quantify the association between a VC and outcomes.ResultsBetween 2007 and 2014, 9,970 PCIs in England and Wales were supported by IABP (1.6% of total PCI), with 224 femoral VCs (2.3%). Annualized rates of a VC reduced as the use of radial access for PCI increased. The independent predictors of a VC included a procedural complication (odds ratio [OR] 2.9,p < .001), female sex (OR 2.3,p < .001), PCI for stable angina (OR 3.47,p = .028), and use of a glycoprotein inhibitor (OR 1.46 [1.1:2.5],p = .04), with a lower likelihood of a VC when radial access was used for PCI (OR 0.48,p = .008). A VC was associated with a higher likelihood of transfusion (OR 5.7 [3.5:9.2],p < .0001), acute kidney injury (OR 2.6 [1.2:6.1],p = .027), and periprocedural MI (OR 3.2 [1.5:6.7],p = .002) but not with adjusted mortality at discharge (OR 1.2 [0.8:1.7],p = .394) or 12‐months (OR 1.1 [0.76:1.56],p = .639). In sensitivity analyses, there was a trend towards higher mortality in patients experiencing a VC who underwent PCI for stable angina (OR 4.1 [1.0:16.4],pvalue for interaction .069).Discussion and ConclusionsAlthough in‐hospital morbidity was observed to be adversely affected by occurrence of a VC during IABP‐supported PCI, in‐hospital and 1‐year survival were similar between groups.
Molybdenum Isomorphously Substituted Decatungstates as Robust and Renewable Photocatalysts for Visible Light‐Driven Oxidation of Hydrocarbons by Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Yang Bo , Zhang Huanhuan , Wan Feifei , Deng Youer , Jiang Dabo , Zhang Qiao , Liu Yachun , Zhang Chao , Fu Zaihui 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article reveals that molybdenum (Mo) heteroatoms isomorphously substituted decatungstates (Mo–DTs) can be conveniently synthesized via copolymerization of tungstate and molybdate in acidic solution. A series of characterizations support that the incorporated Mo heteroatoms play crucial roles in improving the redox capacity and visible light harvesting efficiency of Mo–DTs, especially the photo‐excited probability and lifetimes, so that the novel Mo–DTs exhibit a remarkably enhanced photo‐catalytic efficiency in the visible‐light‐triggered selective oxidation of inert hydrocarbons by O2 under mild conditions. In the photo‐oxidation of cyclohexane under continuous visible light irradiation for 30 h, the best 1 % Mo–DT can achieve 44.8 % conversion and 89.7 % cyclohexanone selectivity in the presence of 2 M HCl, and the regenerated catalyst after simple hydrothermal treatment has excellent reusability. This is the first successful example of incorporating Mo atoms into the skeleton of non‐lacunary DTs, which has special significance for expanding the application of DTs in visible‐light‐catalysis.
Mass Transfer Prediction in a Mechanically Stirred Gas‐Liquid Reactor Containing Solid Particles
Authors: Kracík Tomáš , Moucha Tomáš , Petříček Radim , Tamaškovičová Daniela 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMicroorganisms are used in various fermentation processes for the production of biochemicals and food. These types of processes take place predominantly in mechanically agitated vessels. An important transport characteristic is the volumetric mass transfer coefficient kLa. Many correlations are available in the literature to estimate parameters in a gas‐liquid system; however, three‐phase systems are not sufficiently described. The experiments were carried out under laboratory conditions in a single‐impeller mechanically agitated vessel with an internal diameter of 0.29 m. The solid phase was either cellulose, with two different particle sizes, or glass beads. An updated correlation is proposed that could be adopted in the design and scale‐up of agitated devices operating in the presence of solid particles.
Heterostructured Ternary In2O3−Ag−TiO2 Nanotube Arrays for Simulated Sunlight‐Driven Photoelectrocatalytic Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Zhang Zeyang , Fu Jiangjian , Cai Jingsheng , Lin Sheng , Chen Yinhuan , Sun Lan , Lai Yuekun , Hu Yanling , Shen Fei , Lin Changjian 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe ternary In2O3−Ag−TiO2 composites based on anatase TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNTs) were synthesized to extend the light responsive region, enhance the visible light absorption, reduce the recombination rate of charge carriers and promote the efficiency of water splitting for H2 evolution. Highly ordered TNTs were first prepared by electrochemical anodization of Ti sheets. Ag nanoparticles with a diameter of about 20 nm were then uniformly deposited inside and on the orifice of the TNTs. In2O3 nanoparticles synthesized through a solvent‐thermal method were subsequently modified on the Ag−TNTs using an ultrasound‐assisted electrophoresis method. In2O3−Ag−TNTs composites exhibited enhanced visible light absorption and photocurrent when compared to binary Ag−TNTs and In2O3−TNTs. As a result, the optimal hydrogen generation rate using the In2O3−Ag−TNTs composite under visible light irradiation was 1.92 μmol cm−2 h−1, 5 times higher than that of the pure TNTs.
Realizing Efficient Overall Water Splitting by Tuning the Cobalt Content in Self‐Supported Nix−Coy−P Microarrays
Authors: Liu Xiong Xiong , He Qian , Xiao Shuhao , Li Xinran , Chang Le , Xiang Yong , Hu Ke , Niu Xiaobin , Wu Rui , Chen Jun Song 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTransition‐metal phosphides have been identified as a group of promising catalysts, especially for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, their practical application is still hindered by the suboptimal activity and tedious preparation. In this work, self‐supported transition‐metal phosphide microarrays have been synthesized on Ni foam via electrodeposition followed by a low‐temperature gaseous phosphorization. We discover that Ni2P or Nix−Coy−P can be obtained with tunable composition. Among the obtained phosphides with different Ni and Co contents, Ni1−Co1−P exhibits a low overpotential of only 90 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for HER in 1 M KOH, whereas that of Ni2P is as high as 137 mV. Furthermore, Ni1‐Co1‐P also demonstrates a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of only 292 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). An overall water splitting device has been assembled with two Ni1−Co1−P electrodes, and it displays an excellent performance at 1.65 V for a current density of 20 mA cm−2 with a good stability up to 30 h. The density functional theory calculation results suggest that by incorporating Co into the phosphide, the surface electronic structure of Ni1‐Co1‐P has been optimized, showing a much smaller Gibbs free energy change of absorbed intermediates during the HER and OER than Ni2P. Considering the ease in fabrication and the superior performance, this material displays good potential for industrial applications at a large scale.
Impact of Negative Charge Delocalization on the Properties of Solid Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Zhang Heng , Song Ziyu , Yuan Weimin , Feng Wenfang , Nie Jin , Armand Michel , Huang Xuejie , Zhou Zhibin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe nature of salt anion is of particular relevance in determining the features of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs). Here, lithium salt containing an extremely delocalized anion (Li[CF3SO(=NSO2CF3)2], LisTFSI) is introduced into SPEs utilizing poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) as a matrix, aiming to elucidate the role of negative charge delocalization on the properties of SPEs. In comparison with the reference Li[N(SO2CF3)2] (LiTFSI)/PEO electrolyte, LisTFSI/PEO shows higher lithium‐ion transference number and lithium‐ion‐only conductivity (i. e., the ionic conductivity contributed only by the lithium ions), owing to the improved flexibility and super‐delocalized negative charge of the −SO2N(−)−SO(=NSO2CF3)− structure in sTFSI− (vs. TFSI−). Moreover, the interphases of lithium metal electrode|SPE formed in LisTFSI/PEO show superior stability upon storage. These interesting properties of the LisTFSI/PEO system suggest that extending negative charge delocalization in sulfonimide anions is a powerful tool to improve the properties of SPEs.
Gold(I)‐Catalyzed [8+2]‐Cycloaddition of 8‐Aryl‐8‐azaheptafulvenes with Allenamides and Ynamides: Regioselective Synthesis of Dihydrocycloheptapyrrole Derivatives
Authors: Suárez‐Rodríguez Tatiana , Suárez‐Sobrino Ángel L. , Ballesteros Alfredo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGold(I)‐catalyzed higher‐order [8+2] cycloadditions of 8‐aryl‐8‐azaheptafulvenes 1 with allenamides 2 and ynamides 3 were studied. 1,8‐Dihydrocycloheptapyrroles 4 were achieved by a regioselective [8+2] cycloaddition of azaheptafulvenes 1 and allenamides 2 in the presence of (2,4‐ditBuC6H3O)3PAuNTf2 as catalyst. Besides, ynamides 3 and 8‐aryl‐8‐azaheptafulvenes 1, undergo a regioselective [8+2] cycloaddition, to give 2‐amido‐1,4‐dihydrocycloheptapyrroles 7 in the presence of JohnPhosAuNTf2 as catalyst. Both reactions take place with good yields and with a variety of substituents. A plausible mechanism hypothesis suggests a nucleophilic attack of the 8‐azaheptafulvene to the gold activated electron rich allene or alkyne moieties of the allenamide and ynamide, respectively.
Construction of Helical Structures with Multiple Fused Anthracenes: Structures and Properties of Long Expanded Helicenes
Authors: Fujise Kei , Tsurumaki Eiji , Wakamatsu Kan , Toyota Shinji 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is Shinji Toyota and co‐workers at Tokyo Institute of Technology and Okayama University of Science. The image depicts a spirally rising dragon to represent the helical molecular structures in the manuscript. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202004720.
Controlling Emissive Properties by Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds: Alkyl and Aryl meso‐Substituted Porphycenes
Authors: Listkowski Arkadiusz , Masiera Natalia , Kijak Michał , Luboradzki Roman , Leśniewska Barbara , Waluk Jacek 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPorphycene, a porphyrin isomer, is an efficient fluorophore. However, four‐fold meso substitution with alkyl groups decreases the fluorescence quantum yield by orders of magnitude. For aryl substituents, this effect is small. To explain this difference, we have synthesized and studied a mixed aryl‐alkyl‐substituted compound, 9,20‐diphenyl‐10,19‐dimethylporphycene, as well as the 9,20‐diphenyl and 9,20‐dimethyl derivatives. Analysis of the structural, spectroscopic, and photophysical data of the six porphycenes, combined with quantum chemical calculations, shows a clear correlation between the strength of the intramolecular NH⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen bonds and the efficiency of the radiationless depopulation of the lowest‐excited singlet state. This result led us to propose a model in which the delocalization of the inner protons in the cavity of the macrocycle is responsible for the nonradiative deactivation channel. The applicability of the model is confirmed by the literature data for other alkyl‐ or aryl‐substituted porphycenes. The finding of a correlation between structural and emissive characteristics enables a rational design of porphycenes with desired photophysical properties.
Uranium versus Thorium: Synthesis and Reactivity of [η5‐1,2,4‐(Me3C)3C5H2]2U[η2‐C2Ph2]
Authors: Wang Deqiang , Ding Wanjian , Hou Guohua , Zi Guofu , Walter Marc D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe synthesis, electronic structure, and reactivity of a uranium metallacyclopropene were comprehensively studied. Addition of diphenylacetylene (PhC≡CPh) to the uranium phosphinidene metallocene [η5‐1,2,4‐(Me3C)3C5H2]2U=P‐2,4,6‐tBu3C6H2 (1) yields the stable uranium metallacyclopropene, [η5‐1,2,4‐(Me3C)3C5H2]2U[η2‐C2Ph2] (2). Based on density functional theory (DFT) results the 5f orbital contributions to the bonding within the metallacyclopropene U‐(η2‐C=C) moiety increases significantly compared to the related ThIV compound [η5‐1,2,4‐(Me3C)3C5H2]2Th[η2‐C2Ph2], which also results in more covalent bonds between the [η5‐1,2,4‐(Me3C)3C5H2]2U2+ and [η2‐C2Ph2]2− fragments. Although the thorium and uranium complexes are structurally closely related, different reaction patterns are therefore observed. For example, 2 reacts as a masked synthon for the low‐valent uranium(II) metallocene [η5‐1,2,4‐(Me3C)3C5H2]2UII when reacted with Ph2E2 (E=S, Se), alkynes and a variety of hetero‐unsaturated molecules such as imines, ketazine, bipy, nitriles, organic azides, and azo derivatives. In contrast, five‐membered metallaheterocycles are accessible when 2 is treated with isothiocyanate, aldehydes, and ketones.
Direct Cyclopropanation of α‐Cyano β‐Aryl Alkanes by Light‐Mediated Single Electron Transfer Between Donor–Acceptor Pairs
Authors: Li Jing , Lear Martin J. , Hayashi Yujiro 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCyclopropanes are traditionally prepared by the formal [2+1] addition of carbene or radical based C1 units to alkenes. In contrast, the one‐pot intermolecular cyclopropanation of alkanes by redox active C1 units has remained unrealised. Herein, we achieved this process simply by exposing β‐aryl propionitriles and C1 radical precursors (N‐oxy esters) to base and blue light. The overall process is redox‐neutral and a photocatalyst, whether metal‐ or organic‐based, is not required. Our findings support that single electron transfer (SET) from the α‐cyano carbanion of the propionitrile to the N‐oxy ester is facilitated by blue‐light via their electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complex. The α‐cyano carbon radical thus formed can then lose a β‐proton to form a π‐resonance stabilised radical anion that preferentially couples at the benzylic β‐position with a decarboxylated C1 radical unit. This new transition metal‐free chemistry tolerates both electron rich and electron deficient (hetero)aryl systems, even sulfide or alkene functionality, to afford a range of cis‐aryl/cyano cyclopropanes bearing congested tetrasubstituted quaternary carbons.
New Amines and Activation Modes in Asymmetric Aminocatalysis
Authors: Chen Zhi‐Chao , Du Wei , Chen Ying‐Chun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAsymmetric aminocatalysis has become one of the most powerful strategies for the transformations of carbonyl substances over the past two decades. Here, we describe the research from our laboratory that significantly expands the horizon of aminocatalysis. It includes the development and application of cinchona‐based primary amines, fruitful reactions based on HOMO‐raising strategy, and the disclosure of amine/thiol double activation catalysis.
What is the most favorite and original chemistry developed in your research group?Cinchona‐based primary amine catalysts and trienamine activation mode.How do you get into this specific field? Could you please share some experiences with our readers?I got to know asymmetric catalysis when I began to pursue my PhD study, and realized the importance and beauty of chiral substances. My key experiences in research are: try something different, and be sensitive to the difference.How do you supervise your students?Always keep honest, and try to understand what you are doing.What are your hobbies?Gardening and badminton.How do you keep balance between research and family?Keep communicating with family members.Who influences you mostly in your life?My PhD director Prof. Yao‐Zhong Jiang.