bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of cacao shell biochar and compost to improve cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) in acid upland
Authors: Ariani R , Nurida N L , Dariah A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Acid upland is considered a potential area for horticulture crop such as cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the use of cacao shell biochar and compost to soil properties and the productivity of cayenne pepper in acid upland. This research was conducted in Taman Bogo research station, Lampung Province, Indonesia in 2017. This research used a randomized block design with seven treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of P0: control (no soil ameliorant and mulch), P1: biochar 20 t ha−1, P2: P1+ mulch, P3: compost 20 t ha−1, P4: P3+mulch, P5: biochar+compost (1:1) 20 t ha−1, and P6: P5+mulch. The raw material of biochar was cacao shell, while compost was manure. The result showed that soil bulk density of biochar, compost, and a combination of biochar and compost treatment lower than control. Biochar with and without compost have soil water content higher than other treatments. Moreover, biochar with and without compost were increase pH, reduce exchangeable Al level, increase C and N content also increase cation exchange capacity (CEC) and base saturation. The use of biochar and compost had positive effects on plant height, the diameter of canopies, and crop yields.
The potency of biochar to improve water quality in tidal swampland
Authors: Hairani A , Susilawati A , Alwi M , Noor M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper attempt to highlight the potential of biochar regarding water quality improvement in tidal swampland. Water quality of tidal swampland is influenced by tides, seasons and human intervention. At the beginning of the rainy season, the water quality of tidal swampland is poor (pH 2-3). In the dry season, it is quite good (pH >5), except in areas with poor drainage. Biochar can effectively reduce contaminants including heavy metals, organic contaminants such as pesticides, medicines and daily chemical products. Biochar is created by heating biomass to high temperatures under limit oxygen conditions in a process known as pyrolysis. Similar to the shape and colour of charcoal from natural combustion, biochar differs in its manufacturing process and function. Biochar can be made from a variety of feedstock such as crop residues, plant and animal waste. Previous researches reported the positive effect of biochar as a soil amendment and adsorbent.
Effect of inorganic fertilizer and farmyard manure to available P, growth and rice yield in rainfed lowland Central Java
Authors: Apriyani S , Wahyuni S , Harsanti E S , Zu’amah H , Kartikawati R , Sutriadi M T 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Application Farmyard manure in rainfed lowland can be a good alternative for sustainable agriculture. The objective of the study was to know the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer on available P content, growth and rice yield. This study used a Randomized Block Design with six treatment and three replications. The treatments were the control, NPK, cow manure 10 t ha−1, cow manure 10 t ha−1+ NPK, cow manure 20 t ha−1, cow manure 20 t ha−1+ NPK. This study was conducted at Jakenan, Pati and has been carried out since 2015. Data on growth and yield were analyzed statistically using ANOVA. Available P data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the use of cow manure alone of 20 t ha−1+ NPK for 4 years was able to increase the available P content from 6.62 ppm to 290.27 ppm. Application cow manure alone or combine with inorganic fertilizer (NPK) gave a significant effect on vegetative growth parameters than the control treatment. Long-term application (4 years) 10 t ha−1 cow manure can increase Inpari 43 yield 135% and significantly different to control. The application of cow manure in the long-term can be considered for sustainable crop production in the rainfed lowland.
The assay of carrier material and bacteria isolate formula as a biofertilizer on soybean in Inceptisols from West Java
Authors: Aksani D , Surono  , Ginting R C B , Purwani J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Biofertilizer carrier material is one of the important factors in maintaining the viability and effectiveness of microbes when it is applied to soil and plant. This research aimed to assessed several carrier materials and isolate formulas for the growth and productivity of soybean. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse and arranged in a randomized completely block design with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was the combination of the carrier material (peat, dolomite, zeolite, kaolin, biochar and rock phosphate) B1, B2, B3 until B12, while the second factor was the isolate formula, i.e.: I0 (Control), I1 (Rhizobium sp.+ Azotobacter sp.) and I2 (Rhizobium sp. + Azotobacter sp. + Bacillus sp.). The carrier material and microbial formula did not interact significantly with plant height, root dry weight and weight of filled pods. However, it gives significant interaction to the number of root nodules, plant dry weight, number of filled pods, soybean grain yield. The biofertilizer formulas of B3I1, B4I1 and B11I2 were consistent in increasing the number of filled pods and the grain weight of soybean compared to other formulas.
The effects of nano inorganic fertilizer application on rice (Oryza sativa L) productivity
Authors: Rostaman T , Wibowo H , Nurjaya  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lowland rice production has experienced fluctuation and stagnation due to uncertain climatic factors and lowering soil fertility. Use nano fertilizer has the advantage of being more reactive, can reach target or target due to its fine size, as well required in small quantities. So that agricultural results can be achieved optimally. The research aims to test the effectiveness of inorganic fertilizers containing nano-meter-sized Ca for plant growth and rice yield. The research was carried out at farmland of PT. Sang Hyang Seri (Persero) in the dry season 2018. The study used a randomized block design with 8 treatments and each had 4 replications. The treatment consists of two levels of dilution of nano inorganic fertilizers, 200 and 400 times, which were applied to treatments without fertilizer, NPK + Urea fertilization 100% and 75%. Nano inorganic fertilizers are given by spraying on the lower rice leaves, in sunny weather conditions between the hours of 07.00 to 10:00 am. The results showed that the use of nano inorganic fertilizer application with 400 times dilution on 75% NPK + Urea fertilization recommendation was able to increase the weight of milled dry grain by 11.3% when compared to 100% NPK + Urea fertilization.
N, P and K fertilization response on maize in Vertisols in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Samijan  , Minarsih S , Hindarwati Y 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
One of the key factors for the success of maize production is nutrient adequacy through efficient fertilization. To determine the effectiveness of fertilization, a study was conducted to determine the response of maize to N, P, K fertilization on Vertisols. The research was conducted during 3 seasons (2014-2016) in Central Java. The study used omission plots with 5 replications. The fertilizers used for the study were N 200, P2O5 30 to 35, and K2O 75 to 100 kg ha−1. The observed data consisted of climate, soil and yield, and were analyzed descriptively. Vertisols soil in the research location has a heavy clay texture, alkaline pH, low soil organic C and N, high content of Ca, Mg and bases saturation, and cracked in the dry season. The results showed that the average yield from the plot -N (1.8), -P (8.5), -K (8.9), and +NPK (10.0) t ha−1. Based on the data, maize has the highest response to N fertilizer, followed by P and K. The response of maize to N, P, K fertilizers in Vertisols respectively N (8.1), P2O5 (1.5) and K2O (1.0) t ha−1. The agronomic efficiency of N and P fertilization was 41 and 44 kg kg−1, while K was 11 kg kg−1.
Soil erosion prediction in Cilebak – Cirasea Micro Watershed, Indonesia
Authors: Yustika R D , Ariani R , Mandaya I 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Soil erosion impact on land degradation could threaten soil and water quality. In the mountainous area, soil erosion resulted in losses of topsoil, which containing high nutrients. The study area was located in Cilebak-Cirasea Micro Watershed, Bandung Regency, Indonesia. Landuses in this area were secondary forest (12%), upland agriculture (84%), and paddy field (4%). The objectives of this study were to assess soil erosion and study best management practices (BMP) effect to reduce soil erosion. Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) was used to estimate soil erosion with support from Geographic Information System (GIS). USLE parameters, which consist of erosivity, erodibility, slope length, steepness, crop, and soil management, were used to estimate soil erosion. BMP scenarios consist of application raised bed that parallel to contour lines and combination of raised bed that parallel to contour lines and straw mulch addition of 3 and 6 Mg ha−1 year−1. The result indicated that soil erosion rate under current condition was 45.4 Mg ha−1 year−1, which exceeding the tolerable soil loss. All BMP scenarios showed their effectiveness in reducing soil erosion. Proposed BMP to minimize soil erosion rate could probably be able to support government in arranging policies for maintaining or restoring crop productivity for sustainable agriculture.
A statistical model for remediation plan of endosulfan-contaminated lowland rice fields with agricultural waste
Authors: Harsanti E S , Ardiwinata A N , Zulaehah I , Hidayah A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) compounds are still found in agricultural land in Indonesia. One of them is α-endosulfan which is a potent insecticide in the green revolution era. Remediation of agricultural contaminated land is needed to be a sustainable benefit. The purpose of the research is to develop a statistical model of sustainable remediation with agricultural waste in α-endosulfan-contaminated lowland rice fields. The study was conducted from June 2015 to May 2016 with experimental methods in the screenhouse. The experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) with seven treatments of combinations of biochar-compost manure, and three replications. The results showed different equation models in the first planting season and the second planting season. The model illustrates that α-endosulfan contamination 0.16 mg g−1 can be reduced to be below MRL by adding biochar-compost ratio 1:4. The availability of organic matter and total bacteria in the soil can reduce α-endosulfan residues. Both factors should be managed by increasing their availability in the soil. In the second season, organic C content in the soil did not significantly affect α-endosulfan residues that had been below MRL. The statistical model of α-endosulfan contaminated-land remediation can be used to plan the remediation of a pesticide-contaminated land, especially endosulfan.
A dynamic model for managing urban waste in Bogor City, West Java Province
Authors: Budiyanto A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Urban waste is threatening the natural environment and sustainability of Bogor City, West Java Province, Indonesia. To overcome this issue, the government have tried several short-term approaches and implemented several long-term policies as a countermeasure. However, the large amount of daily waste and its unpredictable pattern have made trash management difficult. As a continuation in terms of looking further for sustainable solutions to this problem, this study aimed to establish its dynamic model, which is expressed as a system approach study of the interrelations among the related elements. The study method used consisted of a simulation model using a dynamic system. The system model was created with the help of the Powersim Studio 10 Express software. Causal Loops Diagram and Stock-Flow Diagram are used to study the system. A cause circumference diagram is created by determining the significant variables in the system and connecting them depending on the interaction. The simulation result can be seen as table and line graph. A validation system needs to be done on the system model. This research is expected to be useful for various parties related to urban waste management.
Adsorption capacity of chelating agent to adsorb lead and arsenic
Authors: Sulastri B N , Apriyani S , Zu’amah H , Ardiwinata A N , Purbalisa W 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The contamination of soils with heavy metals due to rapid industrialization, modern farming practices, and poor treatment of waste can damage the environment include agricultural lands. The excess concentration of heavy metals in soil should be minimized and removed for environment safety and agriculture sustainability. Remediation using adsorbent to remove heavy metal is a beneficial method for rehabilitating the contaminated site. The study aimed to determine the adsorption capacity of several chelating agents to adsorb heavy metals Lead (Pb) and Arsenic (As). The chelating agents used are chitosan, biochar-compost, zeolites, ammonium thiosulfate, and EDTA. The adsorption capacity was determined by applying the Langmuir isotherm model by varying the concentration of Pb and As at (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 100, 200, 400) mg kg−1. The adsorbed concentration of Pb and As was measured by AAS. The results revealed that zeolite has the highest maximum adsorption capacity for Pb and As of 5,000 mg kg−1 and 3,333.33 mg kg−1, respectively. Based on this study, biochar-compost, chitosan, zeolite, ammonium thiosulfate, and EDTA have potential as remediators for polluted agricultural land, and further research is needed.
The selection strategy of optimized arrays for 3-D electrical resistivity tomography
Authors: Jiang Lincheng , Tian Gang , Wang Bangbing , El-Raouf Amr Abd 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Within electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), the selection of arrays and electrode locations can effectively enhance the resolution of imaging. By properly selecting and optimizing the survey design, a better resolution will be obtained with fewer electrodes and configurations than traditional arrays. Previous work has demonstrated that the optimized survey design using the ‘Compare R’ method can provide better resolution than conventional arrays. This paper adds target-oriented selection and modified the original ‘Compare R’ method. The modified method first selects the target area in the comprehensive data sets, then optimizes the choice by the modified CR method, and finally combines the optimization results of multiple sets of target areas. For the target area, this method can select fewer electrodes and arrays than the original CR method, get better resolution than conventional arrays, and take less calculation time.
Remove the HFM noise by using Wavelet Neural Network
Authors: Wu Xin , Xue Guoqiang , Zhou Zhou , Yang Zhao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
During the HTEM signal processing we found that some kind of short-term noise till remained after the conventional denoising procedure. It is called high frequency motion-induced noise according to the research on its induced mechanism and time-frequency features. In this paper, we propose an approach to suppress the high frequency motion-induced noise based on wavelet neural network. The method uses high frequency motion-induced noise in dominance as a sample and then trains the wavelet neural network by it. After processing the field data, it is considered that the method proposed in this paper can effectively suppress the high frequency motion noise and the processing results build a good data foundation for subsequent processing.
Study on reflection spherical wave at the near surface
Authors: Tao Yonghui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In real seismic surveys, seismic wave propagates in the form of spherical wave and plane wave is the approximations of spherical wave in the far-field and for high frequencies. The traditional seismic processing and interpretation methods based on the plane wave theory are not exact. Furthermore the difference between the plane wave and spherical wave is strong, especially in the near surface. Studying the characteristics of reflection spherical wave near the surface can develop more accurate wave theory. In this paper, a two-layer model with a high-velocity upper layer is built to analyze the spherical reflection wave characteristics. Tests show when the incident angle reaches a certain level, there will be an irregular wave, the pseudo-spherical wave, following the main reflection spherical wave, which has a great influence on the main reflection wave. This discovery has enriched our understanding of wave propagation theory and it has important guiding significance for accurate study on wave phenomena.
Electromagnetic Noise Reduction in GREATEM Signal Using Singular Value Decomposition in a Junkyard
Authors: Guo Ming , Wang Xuben , Zhang Zhenxiong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The grounded electrical source airborne transient electromagnetic system (GREATEM) is a popular geophysical method in recent years [1], has advantages such as convenience, high efficiency, large detection range, high signal-to-noise ratio, and good spatial resolution. However, since the GREATEM transient electromagnetic secondary field electromagnetic response belongs to a wide-band signal and a large attenuation amplitude, late-stage data is easily contaminated by multiple noises, which will seriously affect the results of the inversion interpretation of the data. Therefore, it is still meaningful to study the de-noising methods for GREATEM’s data. According to the characteristics of the secondary field electromagnetic response, the singular value decomposition method is used to process the theoretical synthesized signal containing white Gaussian noise. The singular value decomposition and reconstruction of the effective singular value and its corresponding vector are performed, and the analog signal is restored for the purpose of denoising. Then process the measured data of a landfill site. Whether it is viewed from the transient electromagnetic secondary field attenuation curve or the electromagnetic induction profile curve, it can be seen that the singular value decomposition is very useful in denoising. Finally, comparing the effect of singular value decomposition method on the inversion results, the study found that this method can effectively improve the quality of inversion imaging.
Using fuzzy C-means Clustering to Identify Heavy Metal Polluted Soil in a Certain Area of Shanghai
Authors: Xu Yuhan , Zhang Luolei , Yu Peng , Zhao Chongjin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Fuzzy clustering is an important branch of fuzzy pattern recognition, which has been widely used in many fields such as data mining, image processing, big data analysis and so on. Among many fuzzy clustering algorithms, fuzzy c-means algorithm is the most widely used. In this paper, the fuzzy c-means clustering is applied to the identification of polluted soil. To solve the problem of determining the optimal number of clusters for this method, the method we choose is obtaining an initial clustering result firstly and then merging. Based on the important characteristic of fuzzy c-means method that the objective function of fuzzy c-means clustering decreases rapidly as the number of clusters increases, and the rate become slow after exceeding the optimal number of clusters, we choose the clustering result whose objective function is reduced to a certain degree as the initial clustering result. Then use the parameter estimation method in statistics to estimate the distance between classes, determine the reasonable range of distance between classes, combine the initial classification results, and finally perform the final clustering results according to the clustering validity function. Evaluation and experiments prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the scheme.
Integrated development of aeromagnetic system based on UAV platform and its application in mineral resources exploration
Authors: Su Zhenning , Jiao Jian , Lin Tao , Jiang Dandan , Zhou Shuai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The geophysical measurement method based on the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) platform is an emerging branch of airborne geophysical technology. Based on the unmanned helicopter platform, this paper develops a set of aeromagnetic field measurement system and used it in the field of mineral resources exploration with complex terrain condition. The aeromagnetic survey of the crisis mines in the Maanshan area of China was carried out using a UAV aeromagnetic measurement system. Three-dimensional inversion of the underground geologic structure was carried out, and discover the magnetite deposits in the deep and peripheral areas of the mining areas, which provided technical support for determining the drilling position for the crisis mine secondary exploration.
Three-dimensional structural characteristics of the Zhaxikang ore-concentration area based on multiple attribute constraints
Authors: Jiang Xin , Wang Xuben , Li Guangming , Jiao Yanjie , Min Gang , Kong Fantao , Zhang Xiecheng , Cai Panpan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The Zhaxikang ore-concentration area (ZOCA) is in the Gangdese metallogenic belt in the southern Tibet Plateau. It has huge prospecting potential. Most of the mineral resources on the Gangdese metallogenic belt are controlled by the dome and fault. The deep structure and the coupling relationship between the Cuonadong dome and the deep structure are of great significance for understanding ore-controlling structures and hydrothermal channels. Existing studies have been controversial in the study of whether there are hidden structures in the deep part of the Zhaxikang deposit, and whether the Cuonadong dome extends to the bottom of the Zhaxikang deposit in the Gangdese metallogenic belt. Therefore, we comprehensively analyzed a large number of gravities, magnetic, and magnetotelluric data in the Zhaxikang area and carried out a fusion display of multiple information in the Zhaxikang ore-concentration area. Understand the relationship between the Cuonadong dome, fault system and deep hydrothermal channel through fusion display to analyze the background of Zhaxikang metallogenesis. The deep structure of the Cuonadong dome was identified, and it was found that there was a hidden structure at the bottom of Zhaxikang that was not connected to the Cuonadong dome. These findings are a great significance for further theoretical research and breakthroughs in ore prospecting.
Application of Semi-Airborne Transient Electromagnetic Method in Ancient River Area
Authors: Zhang Zhenxiong , Xie Xiaoguo , Yi Guocai , Wang Xuben 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Semi-airborne transient electromagnetic method (SATEM) is a new type of transient electromagnetic measurement method. Compared with the ground transient electromagnetic system, the system has the characteristics of convenience, high efficiency, large detection range, repeatable observation, high lateral resolution, etc. At the same time, this ground-space model shows that this method is suitable for detecting missions in mountainous and undulating terrain, and has obvious advantages in dividing underground space structure. In this paper, the theory of semi-airborne transient electromagnetic method is systematically studied and forward modeling is used to simulate the diffusion law of the end value under different resistivity and the characteristics of the response curve under different influencing factors of G model. The identification capability of SATEM for multi-layer model is verified by theoretical inversion, which lays a foundation for the practical application of SATEM in an ancient river channel. Finally, the application of SATEM to an example of an ancient river channel verifies the practicability and efficiency of the method, and the detection results are in good agreement with the local geological data.