bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Assessment of Risk factors of Constipation among Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Walke Monali , Sakharkar Sheetal 
Published: September 2021

Objective: Aim of the study to assess the risk of constipation among patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Constipation is a gastrointestinal tract condition which can lead to abnormal stools, uncomfortable storage and passing with pain and stiffness. Constipation is one of the gastrointestinal system's functional impairments. Various symptoms also include bloating, pushing, abdominal and rectal pain, a feeling of fullness in the rectum or extreme defecation, a lack of full discharge, and stool infrequency (usually less than three times a week). Constipation problem is a condition that is prevalent in abdominal surgery patients in the preoperative and postoperative period due to physiological and psychological factors. While constipation does not endanger life. Bowel frequency is affected by many variables, including dietary factors, emotional state, immobility, prior history of bowel elimination problem, and psychological morbidity after abdominal surgery. Constipation is a common issue that many individuals face.
Materials and Methods: The cross sectional research study conducted in AVBR hospital Sawangi Meghe, Wardha district with quantitative research approach. Sample size was 85. Sample was undergoing abdominal surgery patients. Tool was structured questionnaire including Patients characteristics & constipation risk assessment scale.
Results: 48.24% of patients undergoing abdominal surgery had no risk of developing constipation, 29.41% had low risk of constipation, 14.12% had moderate and 8.23% of the patients undergoing abdominal surgery had severe risk of constipation. Minimum risk of constipation was 0 and maximum was 17. Mean risk of constipation was 5.14±5.71.
Conclusion: This study can help to assess the risk of constipation among undergoing abdominal surgery patients and make them aware about risk of constipation.
Concomitant Administration of Rosuvastatin and Lefleunamide in Low doses Synergize Against Complete Freunds Adjuvant (CFA)-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in Experimental Model
Authors: Saeed Abdel-Aziz , El-Shafey Mohamed , Helal Gouda K. , Akool El-Sayed 
Published: September 2021

Aim: The present work was designed to examine of the potential anti-inflammatory effect of rosuvastatin (ROSV) and/or Lefleunamide (LFLU) against Complete Freunds Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in rats.
Methods: The mRNA level of perxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-a) was determined using Real-time PCR. The levels of NF-B, iNOS, IL-6, TNF-a and SOD activity were measured using ELISA. The swollen paws were measured using caliper. The GSH level was measured using colorimetric assay. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay kit.
Results: ROSV induced the expression of PPAR-a that suppresses NF-kB as demonstrated by a strong reduction in NF-kB level in animals treated with ROSV. Also, ROSV administration reduced the levels of the inflammatory mediators IL-6 and TNF-a. In addition, iNOS and MDA content as well as expression of MMP-9 and MMP-2 induced by CFA is abrogated in animals treated with ROSV. Also GSH content and SOD activity were highly increased in ROSV-treated animals. Furthermore, the size of right paw induced by CFA was reduced in ROSV-treated rats. Moreover, the histopathological alterations induced by CFA were highly improved in animals treated with ROSV. Similar results were also found in animals treated with LFLU. Importantly, similar effects were obtained in rats treated with both ROSV and LFLU in half doses.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that ROSV as well as LFLU has the ability to inhibit rheumatoid arthritis in experimental model induced by CFA. Importantly, concomitant administration of ROSV and LFLU in half doses synergize against rheumatoid arthritis.
Impacts of seasonal ambient temperature and humidity on meat quality characteristics of sheep and beef longissimus thoracis muscles
Authors: Amri Issa Al , Kadima Isam T. , Ajmib Dawood S. Al , Alkindia Abdulaziz , Sawadc Alaa A. , Hamaeda Ahmed , Nasser Amira 
Published: September 2021

The effects of seasonal temperature and humidity on meat quality characteristics of sheep (12 months of age) and beef cattle (24 months of age) were investigated. Samples of longissimus thoracis (500 g) muscle were randomly collected from 96 sheep and 48 beef cattle between November 2018 and October 2019. All the meat samples were kept in the chiller at 4-5ºC for 48 h. The samples were collected over a 12-month period and this period was divided into two seasons based on ambient temperature and relative humidity in Basrah region. Theses seasons were named: Cool Season (November to March with average temperature of 23.0±1.54ºC and 59.0±1.75% relative humidity) and Hot Season (April to October with average temperature of 40.5±1.77ºC and 53.5±5.98 relative humidity). The ultimate pH (pHu), expressed juice, cooking losses, shear force, sarcomere length, myofibrillar fragmentation index and colour lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) parameters were determined. The effect of the season on meat quality characteristics of the Longissimus thoracis muscle from both species was found to be significant (P<0.05). The hot season muscle samples had significantly (P<0.05) higher pHu values, longer sarcomere length, higher myofibrillar fragmentation index with significantly (P<0.05) lower shear force values than the muscle samples collected during the cool season. Sheep and beef longissimus thoracis muscles from the hot season group had significantly (P<0.05) darker meat than that those of the cold season group, based on L*, a* and b* colour measurements. The present findings indicated that hot temperature (>40ºC) leads to heat stress in sheep and cattle, which increased the muscle pHu and influenced other related meat properties. These findings will assist meat producers to improve meat quality parameters by slaughtering livestock at early hours of the day. Hot temperature has also an impact on animal welfare.
Morphological, physiological, pests and diseases responses of citrus seedling cultivars, and their contribution to cultivar classification under nursery house and open field
Authors: . Hardiyanto , Devy Nirmala F. , Susanto S. , Sugiyatno A. , Dwiastuti ME , Widyaningsih S 
Published: September 2021

Information of morphological, physiological, and pests and diseases traits between Siam or Tangerine (C. nobilis L.) and Keprok or Mandarin (C. sinensis) seedlings group under nursery and open filed condition in Indonesia has limited. The contribution of morphological and physiological characters to cultivar classification of Siam and Mandarin group has also not been yet documented. The aims of this research were to evaluate the morphological, physiological, pests and diseases responses of citrus seedling cultivars, and their contribution to cultivar classification. This research was conducted at Tlekung Experimental Garden, Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute, Batu, East Java, Indonesia from February to December 2020. One-year-old budded seedlings were planted in plastic bags (size 15x30 cm) and put in both a nursery house and open field. The plastic bags were filled with mixed media (rice hull, soil, and compost) with the ratio of 1:1:1. The experimental design was a Two Stage Nested Design consisted of two factors, these were factor A: locations (nursery house and open field) and factor B as a nested-on factor A: cultivars (Siam cv. Pontianak, Siam cv. Banjar, Siam cv. Madu, Keprok cv. Kacang, Keprok cv. Terigas, Keprok cv. Madura and Keprok cv. Gayo). The results showed that the highest flush growth percentage was showed by Keprok cv. Madura grown under open field condition, while the biggest rootstock diameter was obtained from Siam cv. Madu grown in nursery house. Siam cv. Madu grown in open field also produced the highest root dry weight and stomata density. In terms of pests and diseases, aphids (Aphis gossypii) and leaf miner (Phyllocnistis citrella) have only been affected by locations, while for diseases was not found in this study. Contribution of morphological and physiological traits to citrus cultivars classification were about 64.70%. The average percentage of change in growth and develop capacity of Keprok group from open field to the nursery house increased by 2.35%, whereas for Siam one tended to decrease by 8.96%. In general, responses of morphological and/or physiological traits between Siam and mandarin group two locations were varied. Morphological and physiological traits may also useful for supporting genetically evaluation in improving citrus breeding programs.
Chemical and nutritional characteristics of crackers substituted with Cucurbita pepo L. seed flour
Authors: Altıner Dilek Dülger , Sabuncu Merve , Şahan Yasemin 
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study was determined the suitability of Cucurbita pepo L. (pumpkin) seed flour (PSF) supplement, which is limited for use in the food industry, to increase some chemical and functional properties of crackers. PSFs were used to replace wheat flour in cracker formulation at the levels of 5, 10, 20 and 30%. Particularly, the total dietary fiber, protein and ash content of crackers with PSF increased. The highest increase in mineral contents of crackers were determined in P> K> Mg> Ca> Zn> Fe> Cu. The predominant organic acid of crackers was tartaric acid and the dominant fatty acid was linoleic acid. Crackers prepared with Nevşehir variety PSF yielded better results than other crackers due to their nutritious properties. As a result, with the addition of PSF, a functional food product with health benefits was obtained and a contribution was made to the product range.
The nutritional quality improvement of dried gluten free pasta supplemented with Cladophora spp.
Authors: Choobthaisong Patchareeporn , Oupathumpanont Orawan 
Published: September 2021

This research aimed to study: 1) the suitable formula gluten free pasta supplemented with Cladophora spp., 2) the chemical and physical properties of pasta supplemented with Cladophora spp., and 3) the consumer acceptance. A mixture design experiment was conducted, and three factors were analyzed, 50-70% brown rice flour, 15-25%modified starch, and 10-20%Cladophora spp., the most suitable formula indicated 68%brown rice, 22%modified starch, 10%Cladophora spp. The nutritional profile of this gluten-free pasta per 100 grams was 379.00 kilocalories of total energy, 7.09 grams of protein, 1.91 grams of dietary fiber, 0.11 milligrams of vitamin B, 0.11 milligrams of vitamin B2, 31.30 milligrams of calcium, and 3.84 milligrams of iron and antioxidant activity 48.50 mg eq Trolox. Most consumers’ overall liking score was at a moderate level. The gluten-free pasta supplemented with Cladophora spp. will make better nutrition value.
Evaluation of the feet of people with diabetes mellitus and risk of complications / Avaliação dos pés de pessoas com diabetes mellitus e risco de complicações
Authors: Dias Jenika Ferreira , Paiva Eliza Mara das Chagas , Brasileiro Thaila Oliveira Zatiti , Jonas Conceição Terra , Fava Silvana Maria Coelho Leite , Chini Lucelia Terra 
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: avaliar o risco de complicações em membros inferiores de pessoas com diabetes mellitus. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, realizado com 74 pessoas cadastradas em uma unidade de Estratégia Saúde da Família de um município do sul de Minas Gerais. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se um instrumento contendo dados sociodemográficos, história clínica e exame físico dos pés com avaliação neurológica e vascular. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (64,9%) com média de idade de 64,95 anos. Evidenciou-se que 68,9% dos participantes nunca tiveram seus pés avaliados por um profissional de saúde e que 29,7% dos participantes estão em risco para o desenvolvimento de lesões (grau 1, 2 ou 3). Conclusão: fatores de risco para complicações em membros inferiores de pessoas com diabetes podem ser detectados por meio da avaliação adequada, constituindo uma importante ferramenta para estímulo do autocuidado e prevenção de complicações.
Bibliometric analysis about hiv vulnerability / Análise bibliométrica acerca da vulnerabilidade ao HIV
Authors: Freire Daniela de Aquino , Cabral Juliana da Rocha , Fernandes Marta Regina Chaves Camilo , Oliveira Thaís da Silva , De Oliveira Regina Célia , Abrão Fátima Maria da Silva 
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: analisar a frequência de palavras correlacionando com o título e resumo da produção científica sobre a vulnerabilidade das pessoas ao HIV à luz da Lei de Zipf. Métodos: estudo descritivo, de análise bibliométrica. A busca ocorreu na base de dados SCOPUS (Elsivier) utilizando os descritores HIV e vulnerability. Foi utilizado o operador booleano and. Critérios de inclusão: artigos disponíveis na íntegra, de forma gratuita, sem restrição de idioma e no espaço temporal entre 1983 e 2020. Resultados: as nuvens de tags possibilitaram identificar claramente a correlação existente entre todos os segmentos de texto através da frequência das palavras ‘HIV’, ‘vulnerabilidade’ com o sexo feminino. Conclusão: a teoria de Zipf possibilitou uma visão mais moderna, para a enfermagem, corroborando na análise de estruturas de linguagem escrita advindas de textos. Neste sentido, pode-se inferir que, de uma forma geral, os resumos revelaram aspectos fundamentais para a compreensão ampla acerca do tema.
Neuro‐Receptor Mediated Synapse Device Based on Crumpled MXene Ti3C2Tx Nanosheets
Authors: Wang Kaiyang , Jia Yunfang , Yan Xiaobing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractArtificial synapse devices can simulate the neuro‐transmission in a completely electronic way, but the neuro‐biochemical responses are still a challenge for them. Here, a novel three‐terminal (3T) neuro‐receptor‐mediated (acetylcholine receptor (AChR) as a proof‐of‐concept) synapse device (NR‐S) based on the solution–MXene interface is presented. It is demonstrated that the synaptic plasticity behavior triggered by neuro‐transmitter (ACh) and the pathogenic autoantibody (AChR‐ab) induced neuronal damage that can be detected and recorded. The improved sensitivities, including the linear responses to ACh in an extremely wide range (1 am to 1 µm) and ultra‐low (1 am) limit of detection, are obtained using crumpled MXene. Furthermore, the ability of the proposed NR‐S to determine the tiny neuronal injury caused by only 10 ng mL−1 AChR‐ab is conceptually proven. Collectively, the novel 3T NR‐S has good application prospects in the field of the neuromorphic chip for not only realizing the bionic simulation of the chemically modulated or injured neuro‐transmission but also offering an efficient experimental platform for neuro‐biochemistry studies.
Efficiency Breakthrough of Fluorescence OLEDs by the Strategic Management of “Hot Excitons” at Highly Lying Excitation Triplet Energy Levels
Authors: Lin Chengwei , Han Pengbo , Xiao Shu , Qu Fenlan , Yao Jingwen , Qiao Xianfeng , Yang Dezhi , Dai Yanfeng , Sun Qian , Hu Dehua , Qin Anjun , Ma Yuguang , Tang Ben Zhong , Ma Dongge 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAggregation‐induced emission (AIE) and hybridized local and charge‐transfer (HLCT) materials are two kinds of promising electroluminescence systems for the fabrication of high‐efficiency organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) by harnessing “hot excitons” at the high‐lying triplet exciton states (Tn, n ≥ 2). Nonetheless, the efficiency of the resulting OLEDs did not meet expectations due to the possible loss of Tn→Tn−1. Herein, experimental results and theoretical calculations demonstrate the “hot exciton” process between the high‐lying triplet state T3 and the lowest excited singlet state S1 in an AIE material 4⁗‐(diphenylamino)‐2″,5″‐diphenyl‐[1,1″:4′,1″:4″,1′″:4′″,1⁗‐quinquephenyl]‐4‐carbonitrile (TPB‐PAPC) and it is found that the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between two molecules can facilitate the “hot exciton” process and inhibit the T3→T2 loss by doping a blue fluorescent emitter in TPB‐PAPC. Finally, the doped TPB‐PAPC blue OLEDs achieve a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 9.0% with a small efficiency roll‐off. Furthermore, doping the blue fluorescent emitter in a HLCT material 2‐(4‐(10‐(3‐(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)phenyl)anthracen‐9‐yl)phenyl)‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐phenanthro[9,10‐d] imidazole (PAC) is used as the emission layer, and the resulting blue OLEDs exhibit an EQEmax of 17.4%, realizing the efficiency breakthrough of blue fluorescence OLEDs. This work establishes a physical insight in the design of high‐performance “hot exciton” molecules and the fabrication of high‐performance blue fluorescence OLEDs.
Ferromagnetic–Antiferromagnetic Coupling Core–Shell Nanoparticles with Spin Conservation for Water Oxidation
Authors: Ge Jingjie , Chen Riccardo Ruixi , Ren Xiao , Liu Jiawei , Ong Samuel Jun Hoong , Xu Zhichuan J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRational design of active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is critical for the overall efficiency of water electrolysis. The differing spin states of the OER reactants and products is one of the factors that slows OER kinetics. Thus, spin conservation plays a crucial role in enhancing OER performance. In this work, ferromagnetic (FM)–antiferromagnetic (AFM) Fe3O4@Ni(OH)2 core–shell catalysts are designed. The interfacial FM–AFM coupling of these catalysts facilitates selective removal of electrons with spin direction opposing the magnetic moment of FM core, improving OER kinetics. The shell thickness is found critical in retaining the coupling effect for OER enhancement. The magnetic domain structure of the FM core also plays a critical role. With a multiple domain core, the applied magnetic field aligns the magnetic domains, optimizing the electron transport process. A significant enhancement of OER activity is observed for the multiple domain core catalysts. With a single‐domain FM core with ordered magnetic dipoles, the spin‐selective electron transport with minimal scattering is facilitated even without an applied magnetic field. A magnetism/OER activity model therefore hypothesizes that depends on two main parameters: interfacial spin coupling and domain structure. These findings provide new design principles for active OER catalysts.
One‐Pot Construction of Diverse Products using Versatile Cyclopropenones
Authors: Huang Tianle , Yang Chunyan , Shi Yuesen , Chen Jian , Wang Ting , Guo Xiaoyu , Liu Xuexin , Ding Haosheng , Wu Zhouping , Hai Li , Wu Yong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTunable C−H activation cascade reactions between quinazolinones and cyclopropenones have been developed. Notably, cyclopropenones, acting as multi‐functional building blocks, could be assembled to construct up to 10 distinct heterocyclic scaffolds in a one‐pot manner.magnified image
Can NOx reduction by CO react over carbon‐based single‐atom catalysts at low temperatures? A theoretical study
Authors: Shi Jie , Zhang Wei , Li Hui , Pu Yuan , Wang Dan , Chen Jian‐Feng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFirst principles studies combined with the microkinetic analysis were performed to study the reliability and reaction mechanisms of single‐atom‐doped graphene materials in catalyzing NOx reduction with CO. By screening the 3d transition metals (Sc‐Zn) and group IV elements (Si and Ge), it was found that the Ti‐ and Co‐doped graphene sheets (TiGr and CoGr), respectively, exhibited excellent catalytic activities in the NO/NO2‐to‐N2O and the N2O‐to‐N2 processes at a relatively low temperature (450 K). Therefore, the tandem catalyst (TiGr + CoGr) can be a promising catalyst in NOx reduction with CO. It was further revealed that the combination of adsorption energy and electronegativity was a good descriptor to predict the activation energies. The obtained results provide useful information for rational design of carbon‐based single‐atom catalysts for NOx reduction by CO at low temperatures.
Ethical concerns relating to genetic risk scores for suicide
Authors: Docherty Anna , Kious Brent , Brown Teneille , Francis Leslie , Stark Louisa , Keeshin Brooks , Botkin Jeffrey , DiBlasi Emily , Gray Doug , Coon Hilary 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies (GWAS) provide valuable information in research contexts regarding genomic changes that contribute to risks for complex psychiatric conditions like major depressive disorder. GWAS results can be used to calculate polygenic risk scores (PRS) for psychiatric conditions, such as bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, as well as for other traits, such as obesity or hypertension. Private companies that provide direct‐to‐consumer (DTC) genetic testing sometimes report PRS for a variety of traits. Recently, the first well‐powered GWAS study for suicide death was published. PRS reports that claim to assess suicide risk are therefore likely to appear soon in the DTC setting. We describe ethical concerns regarding the commercial use of GWAS results related to suicide. We identify several issues that must be addressed before PRS for suicide risk is made available to the public through DTC: (a) the potential for misinterpretation of results, (b) consumers' perceptions about determinism and behavior change, (c) potential contributions to stigma, discrimination, and health disparities; and (d) ethical problems regarding the testing of children and vulnerable adults. Tests for genetic prediction of suicidality may eventually have clinical significance, but until then, the potential for individual and public harm significantly outweighs any potential benefit. Even if genetic prediction of suicidality improves significantly, information about genetic risk scores must be distributed cautiously, with genetic counseling, and with adequate safeguards.
Is the southern patas monkey Erythrocebus baumstarki Africa's next primate extinction? Reassessing taxonomy, distribution, abundance, and conservation
Authors: de Jong Yvonne A. , Butynski Thomas M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe “Critically Endangered” southern patas monkey Erythrocebus baumstarki, thought to be endemic to Tanzania, has been resurrected to species level based on its geographic isolation, and on the coloration and pattern of its pelage. This study presents the first evidence for E. baumstarki in Kenya and reviews its historic and current geographic distributions based on the literature, museum specimens, online platforms, responses to requests for site records, and our own fieldwork. The distribution of E. baumstarki in the early 20th century was roughly 66,000 km2. This has declined about 85% to around 9700 km2 at present (post‐2009). The current “Extent of Occurrence” is only about 2150 km2. This species was extirpated from Kenya in about 2015 and from the Kilimanjaro Region in Tanzania in about 2011. At present, E. baumstarki appears to be restricted to the protected areas of the western Serengeti, with the western Serengeti National Park being the stronghold. The number of individuals remaining is probably between 100 and 200, including between 50 and 100 mature individuals. The ultimate threat to E. baumstarki is the very rapidly increasing human population, while the main proximate threats are the degradation, loss, and fragmentation of natural habitats, and the related competition with people and livestock for habitat and water, particularly during droughts. Other problems are hunting by poachers and domestic dogs, and probably loss of genetic variation and climate change. This article provides recommendations for reducing the threats and promoting the recovery of E. baumstarki. We hope this article heightens awareness of the dire conservation status of E. baumstarki and encourages an increase in research and conservation action for this monkey.