bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Leaf Extracts from the Plant Diospyros mespiliformis
Authors: Diouf Ismaïla Bouré , Karé Moussa , Samb Issa , Carraz Maêlle , Gaye Mohamed Lamine 
Published: February 2025

This study explores the plant Diospyros mespiliformis for its antibacterial and cytotoxic properties. This plant seems to have a well-documented history in traditional medicine. Diospyros mespiliformis is a plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many illnesses, particularly wounds. In this context, ethanolic (E.F), hydroethanolic (H.F) and aqueous (A.F) extracts of the plant's leaves were evaluated for their antimicrobial properties. The study was carried out on four species of bacteria, two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) and two Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli). The results show that, with the exception of Escherichia coli, the other strains showed sensitivity to the extracts. In addition, with the exception of Enterococcus faecalis, the crude ethanolic and aqueous extracts were more active than the hydro-ethanolic extracts against the microbial strains. Inhibition diameters for the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain were 08 mm, 00 mm and 08 mm for the ethanolic, hydro-ethanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively. For the Enterococcus faecalis strain, they were 08 mm, 10 mm and 09 mm, respectively for the three extracts. For the Staphylococcus aureus strain, the characteristic inhibition diameters were 11 mm, 09 mm and 10 mm, respectively for the different extracts. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Pseudomonas Aeruginosa was 9375 µg/mL for both ethanolic and aqueous extracts. For the Staphylococcus Aureus strain, it was 586 µg/mL for both ethanolic and aqueous extracts. For the Enterococcus Faecalis strain, it was 1171 µg/mL for all three extracts. The safety of the compounds present in these extracts was studied through toxicity tests on different categories of hepatocytic liver cells, notably Huh7, Hep3B and HepaRG. Comparative analysis of the IC50 of the extracts and controls, including the anti-cancer drug sorafenib and aflatoxin, revealed very low toxicity of the extracts towards the cells tested compared with the controls. The crude extract, which is usually distributed in the form of a mixture, may contain compounds that can affect the state of certain cells in the body. Thus, purification or isolation of the compounds responsible for the biological activities noted could make the use of plant extracts by humans for medicinal purposes even safer.
Das Vertragsverhältnis von Dateninhaber und Datenempfänger in der praktischen Umsetzung — Ein Überblick über Herausforderungen im Vorfeld von Vertragsverhandlungen sowie bei der Gestaltung der Verträge
Authors: Etzkorn Philipp 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag widmet sich dem Rechtsverhältnis von Dateninhaber und Datenempfänger aus praktischer Perspektive und entwickelt Vorschläge für die vertragliche Gestaltung dieser Rechtsbeziehung. Durch den Data Act (DA) können Dateninhaber verpflichtet werden, an Datenempfänger Daten bereitzustellen. Zwischen diesen beiden Parteien ist dann über die Ausgestaltung der Datenbereitstellung ein Vertrag zu schließen. Dabei darf der Dateninhaber vom Datenempfänger innerhalb der gesetzlichen Vorgaben des Art. 9 DA eine „Gegenleistung“ bzw. einen Ausgleich verlangen. Zudem ist der Dateninhaber berechtigt, zwischen verschiedenen Kategorien von Datenempfängern zu unterscheiden. Dateninhabern ist zu raten, sich bereits jetzt auf die Anfragen von Datenempfängern vorzubereiten.
A comprehensive assessment of Liatris helleri demography: Insights from 16 years of observations and modeling
Authors: Quintana‐Ascencio Pedro F. , Menges Eric S. , Ulrey Chris 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe analyzed demographic data for the endangered Blue Ridge endemic Liatris helleri (16 years, 6 sites, 982 plants, and 15,697 annual transitions). We recorded survival, growth, flowering, and recruitment. We evaluated effects of poaching, trampling, browsing, and fire which are potential population drivers for this species. Population size exhibited quasi stable trends, with some population changes attributable to fire or browsing. Survival, growth, and number of heads per plant varied among populations, increased with plant diameter, and were affected by browsing and fire (including overcompensation). Recruits were rarely observed but their numbers increased after fire. We built a projection model including seedlings, second year recruits, adults, and dormant plants. Populations were projected for 50 years. Decadal fires maintained sustainable recruitment rates. Browsing probabilities varied among populations and years; browsing increased the uncertainty of stochastic population growth and boosted extinction probability. Consideration of long‐term, spatially replicated data and multiple drivers permitted us to evaluate demographic threats of a relatively long‐lived species. Overall, these models suggested that L. helleri populations are likely to persist in the near term under current conditions. However, given their population growth rates near one and poor recruitment, any drivers that reduce their survival are threats to this species.
Hydrolysis Reaction‐Induced Phase Regulation of Sb‐doped Zero‐Dimensional Perovskite Cs–In–Cl Nanocrystals for Optoelectronic and Information Encryption Applications
Authors: Li Junchun , Liu Zengce , Tong Guoqing , Wang Baochang , Zhu Hongtao , Shi Lin , Gao Yanpeng , Chen Ping , Jiang Yang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhase‐controlled synthesis of all‐inorganic perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) has attracted extensive attention for optoelectronic applications. However, H2O, often considered an unfavorable factor, has not been found to influence the resulting phase composition. Herein, the hydrolysis reaction‐induced phase regulation of 0D perovskite Cs–In–Cl: Sb NCs by manipulating the H2O addition is reported. Specifically, Cs–In–Cl: Sb crystallizes as Cs3InCl6: Sb in the absence of H2O addition. In contrast, the addition of H2O triggers the hydrolysis of the injected chlorine source (phenylphosphonic dichloride, PhPOCl2), resulting in an increased concentration of Cl− ions and subsequently promoting the formation of Cs4InCl7: Sb NCs. Moreover, the hydrogen bonds formed between isopropanol (IPA) and H2O/oleic acid (OA)/oleylamine (OAm) mitigate the immiscibility between the 1‐octadecene (ODE)/OA/OAm mixture and H2O, which facilitates the passivation of OA/OAm on the Cs4InCl7: Sb NCs. Additionally, it is demonstrated that a reversible phase transition between Cs4InCl7: Sb and Cs3InCl6: Sb can be achieved by heating–cooling cycles. Furthermore, the application for white light‐emitting diodes, information encryption, and fluorescent composite films based on Cs4InCl7: Sb NCs is showcased. This work not only paves a new strategy to regulate the phase composition of perovskites but also introduces a novel fluorescent material of Cs4InCl7: Sb for multifunctional applications.
Mechano‐Responsive Biomaterials for Bone Organoid Construction
Authors: Li Ruiyang , Wang Jian , Lin Qiushui , Yin Zhifeng , Zhou Fengjin , Chen Xiao , Tan Hongbo , Su Jiacan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMechanical force is essential for bone development, bone homeostasis, and bone fracture healing. In the past few decades, various biomaterials have been developed to provide mechanical signals that mimic the natural bone microenvironment, thereby promoting bone regeneration. Bone organoids, emerging as a novel research approach, are 3D micro‐bone tissues that possess the ability to self‐renew and self‐organize, exhibiting biomimetic spatial characteristics. Incorporating mechano‐responsive biomaterials in the construction of bone organoids presents a promising avenue for simulating the mechanical bone microenvironment. Therefore, this review commences by elucidating the impact of mechanical force on bone health, encompassing both cellular interactions and alterations in bone structure. Furthermore, the most recent applications of mechano‐responsive biomaterials within the realm of bone tissue engineering are highlighted. Three different types of mechano‐responsive biomaterials are introduced with a focus on their responsive mechanisms, construction strategies, and efficacy in facilitating bone regeneration. Based on a comprehensive overview, the prospective utilization and future challenges of mechano‐responsive biomaterials in the construction of bone organoids are discussed. As bone organoid technology advances, these biomaterials are poised to become powerful tools in bone regeneration.
Robust Immobilization and Activity Preservation of Enzymes in Porous Frameworks by Silica‐Based “Inorganic Glue”
Authors: Zheng Guansheng , Zhou Zhuang , Yang Junxian , Zhou Liang , Zaremba Orysia , Wuttke Stefan , Zhu Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe development of novel methods to enhance enzyme‐carrier interactions in situ, at a feasible cost, and on a large scale is crucial for improving the stability and durability of current immobilized enzyme systems used in industrial settings. Here, a pioneering approach termed “silica‐based inorganic glue” is proposed, which utilizes protein‐catalyzed silicification to fix enzyme within porous matrix while preserving enzyme activity. This innovative strategy offers several key benefits, including conformational stabilization of enzymes, improved interactions between enzymes and the matrix, prevention of enzyme leakage, and mitigation of pore blocking. Moreover, the controllable and scalable nature of this method renders it a cost‐effective solution for enhancing enzyme immobilization in industrial contexts. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the “silica‐based inorganic glue” technology, it has applied to three different enzymes exhibiting varying surface characteristics, sizes, and functions and in diverse porous supports, including a metal‐organic framework (MOF) and a commercial macroporous resin, which resulted in a significant improvement of the stability and longevity of the immobilized enzymes. Overall, this findings represent a significant advancement in enzyme immobilization techniques, signaling a paradigm shift in current industrial catalysis.
Concurrent Pressure‐Induced Superconductivity and Photoconductivity Transitions in PbSe0.5Te0.5
Authors: Han Dongxuan , Peng Di , Zhu Sheng‐Cai , Yu Tao , Wang Xianlong , Han Songbai , Zhu Jinlong , Li Weiwei , Wang Liping , Zhao Yusheng , Wang Pei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConcurrent superconductivity and negative photoconductivity (NPC) are rarely observed. Here, the discovery in PbSe0.5Te0.5 of superconductivity and photoconductivity transitions between positive photoconductivity (PPC) and NPC during compression is reported to ≈40 GPa and subsequent decompression, which are also accompanied by reversible structure transitions (3D Fmm ⇌ 2D Pnma ⇌ 3D Pmm). Superconductivity with a maximum Tc of ≈6.7 K coincides with NPC and structure transition of Pnma to Pmm at ≈18 GPa and the latter phase is preserved down to ≈5 GPa with enhanced Tc of ≈6.9 K during decompression. The observations imply the simultaneous superconducting and photoconductive transitions are closely related to the metallic Pmm phase. First‐principles calculations suggest the enhanced p‐p hybridization and charge transfer between Pb‐5p and ligand‐p orbitals near the Fermi surface play key roles in electron‐phonon interaction of mediating the Cooper pairs in PbSe0.5Te0.5. Hall coefficient measurements reveal that photothermal effect enhances electron‐phonon interplay, which decreases carrier concentration and mobility and results in the reversal of PPC‐NPC. Structure‐dependent superconductivity and NPC are jointly mediated by electron‐phonon interplay, which is tunable through illumination or cooling at high‐pressure. The findings shed light on the origin of superconductive and photoconductive transitions in versatile materials of lead chalcogenides.
Nanoengineering of Chitosan Sponges Via Atomic Layer Deposition of ZnO for Water Remediation Technologies
Authors: Lotito Sara , Cignolo Domenico , Gubitosa Jennifer , Barucca Gianni , Mengucci Paolo , Striccoli Marinella , Palumbo Fabio , Cosma Pinalysa , Fini Paola , Murgolo Sapia , Rizzi Vito , Fracassi Francesco , Milella Antonella , Perrotta Alberto 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLow‐cost, millimeter‐thick chitosan‐based sponges are engineered with zinc oxide (ZnO) using atomic layer deposition (ALD) to create a multifunctional nanocomposite for the potential application in water remediation and self‐regeneration via solid‐state photocatalysis. Initially, non‐porous chitosan films served as control samples to study the ZnO growth mechanism and its impact on the biopolymer's optical and chemical properties. Subsequently, porous chitosan sponges are engineered to further explore the photocatalyst growth and infiltration into the porous matrix. The characterization of the chitosan/ZnO hybrid material is performed using spectroscopic ellipsometry, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV–vis, photoluminescence, and infrared spectroscopy, analyzing the effect of varying the number of ALD cycles, resulting in different ZnO thicknesses in the range of 5–30 nm on the chitosan matrix. A reaction‐limited growth model is found and strong interactions between ZnO and chitosan amino groups significantly enhance the stability in water and impart photocatalytic features. Adsorption tests using Direct Blue 78 dye demonstrated high removal efficiency, with capacities up to 2000 mg g−1, surpassing pristine chitosan sponges, which degrade in water. Electrostatic interactions between dye sulfonate groups and protonated chitosan amino moieties are identified as key to this performance. Preliminary photocatalytic experiments using Naproxen confirms the ZnO‐coated sponges' ability to degrade pollutants, showcasing ALD as a key technology for producing bio‐based, photoactive materials for sustainable water treatment.
Time‐ and Frequency‐Domain THz Imaging for the Characterization of Subwavelength Tags in Anticounterfeiting Devices
Authors: Ritacco Tiziana , Zografopoulos Dimitrios C. , Tofani Silvia , Beccherelli Romeo , Fuscaldo Walter 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHidden tags are robust and efficient security systems for protecting assets but their identification requires nondestructive techniques. Here, a contactless, efficient, terahertz (THz) investigation protocol based on the electromagnetic interaction between THz radiation and materials with subwavelength features is presented. On top of an opaque, lossy dielectric substrate a metal “open tag” is patterned as reference. This contains features that are visible to the naked eye, but subwavelength in the THz range. An identical dielectric substrate is then used to cover the metallic pattern and fabricate a “hidden tag.” Both tags are then scanned using a THz time‐domain spectroscope (TDS). The collected spectra are used to evaluate different metrics, which provide valuable pixel‐specific information for sample imaging. While the most common imaging techniques are demonstrated to be unsuitable for decoding hidden tags, a thorough study of the THz response allows to determine the best conditions for creating high‐resolution images in both time‐ and frequency‐domain. Effective metrics are obtained by isolating the peaks of the signal reflected from the tag or the substrates, or by suitably considering the interaction between the two signals. The proposed method provides a rigorous protocol for the THz imaging of hidden logos in multilayer systems, which can serve as anticounterfeiting tags.
Comprehensive Spectroscopic Investigation of MoS2‐Solar Cells with Exclusive Zn3P2 as HTL Having Least Lattice Mismatches for 32.55% PCE
Authors: Sharma Atish Kumar , Srivastava Ankita , Jha Prakash Kumar , Sangani Keyur , Chourasia Nitesh K. , Chourasia Ritesh Kumar 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this analytical study, four‐layer MoS2‐based renewable energy photovoltaic cell has been first introduced using SCAPS‐1d. Proposed cell has FTO as window layer, ZnSe as electron transport layer (ETL), MoS2 as absorber layer, and an exclusive Zn3P2 hole transport layer (HTL) with least lattice mismatch of about 1.8%. To explore highest performance through proposed novel solar cell configuration, simulation studies have been done on best possible optimized physical and electrical parameters. Simulated power conversion efficiency, short circuit current, open circuit voltage, and fill factor are 32.55%, 37.75 mA/cm2, 1038.4 mV, and 83.01% respectively. Further to investigate defect states between band levels, admittance, and impedance spectroscopic analysis has been done with an equivalent electrical circuit model obtained from EIS module. Present studies help to identify the carrier accumulation behavior at various least‐lattice mismatched interfaces and in bulk of four‐layer solar device. For this analysis, proposed renewable solar device is simulated for characteristics such as capacitance‐voltage (C‐V), capacitance‐frequency (C‐F), conductance‐voltage (G‐V), and conductance‐frequency (G‐F) under different suitable and practical physical conditions. In this technique, AC signal is applied to the solutions obtained from the semiconductor and continuity equations in SCAPS‐1d. Further, we have done an in‐depth analysis through these measurements.
Deep Learning‐Based Ion Channel Kinetics Analysis for Automated Patch Clamp Recording
Authors: Yang Shengjie , Xue Jiaqi , Li Ziqi , Zhang Shiqing , Zhang Zhang , Huang Zhifeng , Yung Ken Kin Lam , Lai King Wai Chiu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe patch clamp technique is a fundamental tool for investigating ion channel dynamics and electrophysiological properties. This study proposes the first artificial intelligence framework for characterizing multiple ion channel kinetics of whole‐cell recordings. The framework integrates machine learning for anomaly detection and deep learning for multi‐class classification. The anomaly detection excludes recordings that are incompatible with ion channel behavior. The multi‐class classification combined a 1D convolutional neural network, bidirectional long short‐term memory, and an attention mechanism to capture the spatiotemporal patterns of the recordings. The framework achieves an accuracy of 97.58% in classifying 124 test datasets into six categories based on ion channel kinetics. The utility of the novel framework is demonstrated in two applications: Alzheimer's disease drug screening and nanomatrix‐induced neuronal differentiation. In drug screening, the framework illustrates the inhibitory effects of memantine on endogenous channels, and antagonistic interactions among potassium, magnesium, and calcium ion channels. For nanomatrix‐induced differentiation, the classifier indicates the effects of differentiation conditions on sodium and potassium channels associated with action potentials, validating the functional properties of differentiated neurons for Parkinson's disease treatment. The proposed framework is promising for enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of ion channel kinetics analysis in electrophysiological research.
Cilia‐Mimic Locomotion of Magnetic Colloidal Collectives Enhanced by Low‐Intensity Ultrasound for Thrombolytic Drug Penetration
Authors: Wu Jingjing , Zou Weijuan , Lu Qijie , Zheng Tingjia , Li Yanping , Ying Tao , Li Yuehua , Zheng Yuanyi , Wang Longchen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRapid thrombolysis is very important to reduce complications caused by vascular blockage. A promising approach for improving thrombolysis efficiency is utilizing the permanent magnetically actuated locomotion of nanorobots. However, the thrombolytic drug transportation efficiency is challenged by in‐plane rotating locomotion and the insufficient drug penetration limits further improvement of thrombolysis. Inspired by ciliary movement for cargo transportation in human body, in this study, cilia‐mimic locomotion of magnetic colloidal collectives is realized under torque‐force vortex magnetic field (TFV‐MF) by a designed rotating permanent magnet assembly. This cilia‐mimic locomotion mode can generate more disturbances to the fluids to improve thrombolytic drug transportation and the increased height and area of colloidal collectives boosted the imaging capability. In addition, low‐intensity ultrasound is applied to enhance colloids infiltration by producing the fiber breakage and inducing erythrocyte deformation. In vitro thrombolytic experiments demonstrate that the thrombolysis efficiency increased by 16.2 times compared with that of pure tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) treatments. Furthermore, in vivo rat models of femoral vein thrombosis confirmed that this approach can achieve blood flow recanalization more quickly. The proposed cilia‐mimic locomotion of magnetic colloidal collectives combined with low‐intensity ultrasound irradiation mode provides a new insight of therapeutic interventions for vascular thrombus by enhancing drug penetration.
Development of a Self‐Deploying Extra‐Aortic Compression Device for Medium‐Term Hemodynamic Stabilization: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Ji Adrienne , Davies James , Phan Phuoc Thien , Nguyen Chi Cong , Sharma Bibhu , Zhu Kefan , Nicotra Emanuele , Wan Jingjing , Phan Hoang‐Phuong , Hayward Christopher , Lovell Nigel H. , Do Thanh Nho 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHemodynamic stabilization is crucial in managing acute cardiac events, where compromised blood flow can lead to severe complications and increased mortality. Conditions like decompensated heart failure (HF) and cardiogenic shock require rapid and effective hemodynamic support. Current mechanical assistive devices, such as intra‐aortic balloon pumps (IABP) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), offer temporary stabilization but are limited to short‐term use due to risks associated with prolonged blood contact. This research presents a novel proof‐of‐concept soft robotic device designed with the aim of achieving low‐risk, medium‐term counterpulsation therapy. The device employs a nature‐inspired growing mechanism for potentially minimally invasive deployment around the ascending aorta, coupled with hydraulic artificial muscles for aortic compression. It demonstrated a maximum stroke volume of 16.48 ± 0.21 mL (SD, n = 5), outperforming all other non‐pneumatic extra‐aortic devices. In addition, in vitro tests with a mock circulation loop (MCL) show a drop in aortic end‐diastolic pressure by 6.32 mmHg and enhance coronary flow under mild aortic stenosis, which attenuate the device's assistive effect. These findings highlight the device's strong potential for optimization as a promising solution to improve outcomes for hemodynamically unstable HF patients.