bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Une approche de synthèse des connaissances par paliers pour informer rapidement les décisions cliniques : méthode et leçons apprises durant la pandémie de COVID-19
Authors: Gagnon Marie-Pierre , Sasseville Maxime , LeBlanc Annie 
Published: November 2021

Introduction : Les approches de synthèses de connaissances classiques peuvent s’avérer difficiles à entreprendre en raison de leur complexité et risquent de s’éloigner de la réalité de la problématique à laquelle elles tentent de répondre. L’objectif de cet article est de présenter une démarche méthodologique pour réaliser une synthèse des connaissances par paliers dans un très court délai, tout en favorisant l’engagement des parties prenantes. Sources d’information : Une synthèse rapide des connaissances pour répondre rapidement à un problème clinique identifié durant la pandémie de COVID-19 a été réalisée en collaboration avec des utilisateurs de connaissances. Discussion : La méthodologie par paliers a allié les méthodes de revue rapide, d’atelier de discussion, de consultation Delphi et de méta-analyse, en engageant les parties prenantes à chaque étape : 1) une revue rapide de revues systématiques a permis d’éclairer de façon générale les décisions cliniques en quelques semaines, 2-3) un atelier de discussion et une méthode Delphi ont permis respectivement de définir et de prioriser les orientations de l’analyse plus approfondie de la vaste littérature identifiée, 4) une méta-analyse secondaire des données des études primaires a permis de répondre aux demandes spécifiques des utilisateurs de connaissances. La rapidité de la séquence et de l’exécution des méthodes a également mis en évidence les faiblesses méthodologiques dans la conception et l’élaboration des méthodes. Implications et conclusion : Une approche par paliers permet de répondre rapidement aux besoins des utilisateurs de connaissances tout en assurant la pertinence et la qualité des résultats pour soutenir la prise de décision.
A construção de saberes no desenvolvimento profissional docente: narrativas de professores do IFPI
Authors: De Souza Santos Edileusa , Ferreira Lima Maria Divina , Mendes Tomaz dos Santos Guilherme 
Published: November 2021

O presente trabalho é parte de uma pesquisa concluída no Mestrado em Educação, tendo como objetivo compreender como se constroem os saberes docentes mobilizados na prática docente pelo professor de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT) no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí (IFPI). Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, com adoção do método autobiográfico, utilizando-se de narrativas autobiográficas profissionais como técnica de produção de dados. Como campo empírico da pesquisa, delimitou-se o IFPI; e, como participantes, professores bacharéis e tecnólogos. Nessa perspectiva, empregaram-se como instrumentos de produção de dados quatro rodas de conversa e entrevista narrativa. O tratamento dos dados deu-se por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo, na perspectiva de Bardin (2016), com o auxílio técnico do software IRAMUTEQ. O estudo revelou que a principal ferramenta de construção dos saberes docentes ao longo da carreira dos professores bacharéis e tecnólogos da EPT é a experiência durante a prática docente. Os saberes docentes, com exceção dos saberes disciplinares, são construídos ao longo do desenvolvimento profissional docente, partindo, inicialmente, da concepção prévia sobre o que é ser professor, avançando para o aprendizado a partir da prática docente, assim como por meio das interações com os professores mais experientes e do contato com os alunos durante o processo educacional.
Time‐resolved dosimetry with pencil‐beam scanning for quality assurance/quality control in particle therapy
Authors: Han Soorim , Furukawa Takuji , Hara Yousuke , Fukuda Shigekazu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to measure dose in a scanning carbon beam‐irradiation field with high sampling rate that is sufficient for identifying spots and verifying the characteristics of the scanning beam that cannot generally be derived from the dose. To identify the spot, which is the smallest control unit of beam information during irradiation, effecting measurements with a sampling time of 10 μs or shorter is necessary. The provided dose within a specific time is referred to as time‐resolved dose (TRD). We designed a circuit for time‐resolved dosimetry using a fast‐data acquisition unit (SL1000, Yokogawa Electric Co.), which can measure 100 000 samples per second. Moreover, we used converters to enable a connection between an ionization chamber (IC) and the SL1000. TRD was measured successfully using point irradiation and two‐dimensional irradiation patterns in a scanned carbon beam. Based on the moving time of the spot obtained from the position monitor, the dose delivered to the IC from each spot position (spot dose) was interpreted. The spot dose, displacement of the chamber from the beam's center axis, and beam size were derived using TRD and position monitor outputs, which were measured concurrent with TRD. Spot dose up to a radius of 8 mm area from the IC's center were observed. Using the spot‐dose equations and simulation, we show that the spot dose of each position varies depending on the beam size and displacement of the IC's center from the beam's center axis. We devise an interpretation method for the characteristics that may apply to quality assurance, such as the verification of the trend for the beam axis and isocenter to coincide, as well as beam‐size verification.
Distant somatic hybridization alters the structure of wheat root bacterial microbiota
Authors: Yang Zhengting , Chen Xiaoyan , Huang Yufeng , Song Jiawang , Shi Tianlong , Li Yuke , Tang Xiaoxin , Yi Yin , Li Fei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRoot microbiota affect the host plant's adaptation to adverse environments. The structure and function of plant root bacterial communities are affected by soil physicochemical properties and plant genotypes. Distant hybridization is a common breeding strategy to introgress the excellent genes of wild relatives into the crop genome. The effect of distant hybridization on the crop root microbiota has not been reported. In this study, the structure and function of root bacterial community of the somatic hybrid wheat introgression lines SR3 and SR4, which have been respectively reported to be tolerant to salt and saline‐alkali stress, and their parent wheat cultivar JN177 as well as common wheat cultivar Chinese Spring (CS) were analyzed using 16S rRNA high‐throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that distant hybridization altered the structure and function of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) root bacterial community. Compared with the parent JN177, some bacterial genera related to plant growth and stress resistance showed higher abundance in SR3 and SR4. Intriguingly, compared with parent JN177, the root bacterial communities of SR3 and SR4 are more similar to that of CS. This indicated that the process of distant hybridization may alter key genes regulating wheat root microbiota.
Structural adaptations in plants from the humid equatorial Andes indicate a trade‐off between hydraulic transport efficiency and safety
Authors: Soukup Aleš , Pecková Eva , Ježková Barbora , Sklenář Petr 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPremiseEnvironmental gradients of mountains are reflected in traits that are common to high‐elevation plants worldwide. Closely related species of Senecio from the equatorial Andes grow as broad‐leaved climbers in montane forests, basal broad‐leaved rosette herbs in azonal marshy habitats, and ascending, narrow‐leaved subshrubs in high‐elevation páramo. Habitat variation along the elevational gradient enables testing whether modifications in leaf and stem functional traits among species were driven by contrasting environmental conditions.MethodsWe used quantitative analyses to describe changes in morphological and anatomical traits of leaves and stems in 10 species from various habitats. We applied univariate (linear regression, hierarchical ANOVA) and multivariate (NMDS ordination, permutational MANOVA) techniques to examine the correlation of traits with the species' habitats and elevation.ResultsSpecies from the humid and frost‐free montane forest develop xylem optimized for transport efficiency by increasing the internal diameter and length of the conduits. In contrast, páramo species are optimized toward hydraulic safety by producing narrower conduits and are more likely to prevent the risk of frost‐induced cavitation. Moreover, species from the high‐elevation páramo habitats present a set of water‐transport‐related anatomical traits of leaf lamina, allowing for efficient regulation of transpiration losses.ConclusionsMorphological and anatomical traits of leaves and stems in species of Senecio inhabiting montane forests and high‐elevation páramo in the equatorial Andes demonstrate a trade‐off between hydraulic safety and efficiency of water transport.
Perfusion Imaging Predicts Favorable Outcomes after Basilar Artery Thrombectomy
Authors: Cereda Carlo W. , Bianco Giovanni , Mlynash Michael , Yuen Nicole , Qureshi Abid Y. , Hinduja Archana , Dehkharghani Seena , Goldman‐Yassen Adam E. , Hsieh Kevin Li‐Chun , Giurgiutiu Dan‐Victor , Gibson Dan , Carrera Emmanuel , Alemseged Fana , Faizy Tobias D. , Fiehler Jens , Pileggi Marco , Campbell Bruce , Albers Gregory W. , Heit Jeremy J. 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivePerfusion imaging identifies anterior circulation stroke patients who respond favorably to endovascular thrombectomy (ET), but its role in basilar artery occlusion (BAO) is unknown. We hypothesized that BAO patients with limited regions of severe hypoperfusion (time to reach maximum concentration in seconds [Tmax] > 10) would have a favorable response to ET compared to patients with more extensive regions involved.MethodsWe performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study of BAO patients with perfusion imaging prior to ET. We prespecified a Critical Area Perfusion Score (CAPS; 0–6 points), which quantified severe hypoperfusion (Tmax > 10) in cerebellum (1 point/hemisphere), pons (2 points), and midbrain and/or thalamus (2 points). Patients were dichotomized into favorable (CAPS ≤ 3) and unfavorable (CAPS > 3) groups. The primary outcome was a favorable functional outcome 90 days after ET (modified Rankin Scale = 0–3).ResultsOne hundred three patients were included. CAPS ≤ 3 patients (87%) had a lower median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (NIHSS; 12.5, interquartile range [IQR] = 7–22) compared to CAPS > 3 patients (13%; 23, IQR = 19–36; p = 0.01). Reperfusion was achieved in 84% of all patients, with no difference between CAPS groups (p = 0.42). Sixty‐four percent of reperfused CAPS ≤ 3 patients had a favorable outcome compared to 8% of nonreperfused CAPS ≤ 3 patients (odds ratio [OR] = 21.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.6–170; p < 0.001). No CAPS > 3 patients had a favorable outcome, regardless of reperfusion. In a multivariate regression analysis, CAPS ≤ 3 was a robust independent predictor of favorable outcome after adjustment for reperfusion, age, and pre‐ET NIHSS (OR = 39.25, 95% CI = 1.34–>999, p = 0.04).InterpretationBAO patients with limited regions of severe hypoperfusion had a favorable response to reperfusion following ET. However, patients with more extensive regions of hypoperfusion in critical brain regions did not benefit from endovascular reperfusion. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:23–32
Recent Developments in the Chemistry of Pn(I) (Pn=N, P, As, Sb, Bi) Cations
Authors: Deb Rahul , Balakrishna P. , Majumdar Moumita 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe Group 15 Pn(I) cations (Pn=N, P, As, Sb and Bi), which are isoelectronic with the donor‐stabilized carbones, have emerged recently. Despite the presence of two lone pair of electrons, the Pn(I) cations are weakly nucleophilic due to their inherent positive charge. Strongly electron‐donating supporting ligands including zwitterionic forms have been used to enhance their Lewis basicity. Furthermore, the chelating effect of cyclic ligand systems proved effective in increasing their nucleophilicity. The strategies involved in successfully isolating the fleeting Sb(I) and Bi(I) cations as the recent most achievements in this field have been discussed. The syntheses, structure, bonding situations and reactivity of the Pn(I) cations are discussed. An outlook on the periodic trends and future applications of these electronically unique electron‐rich cationic moieties have been provided.
A lifespan perspective on decision‐making: A cross‐sectional comparison of middle childhood, young adulthood, and older adulthood
Authors: Lindow Stefanie , Lang Anna 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStudy 1 contributes to the sparse empirical research on decision‐making across the lifespan by presenting a direct comparison of middle‐aged children's (N = 40; fourth grade), younger adults' (N = 40; 20–39 years), and older adults' (N = 40; 62–82 years) adaptive decision‐making. Participants played a non‐probabilistic, multi‐attribute, information‐board decision game and completed a verbal skill test (serving as an indicator of crystallized intelligence). Information search and choices were analyzed for two task structures (manipulated within‐subjects; few vs. many relevant information‐dimensions). The competence to adapt search to the task structure was found from middle childhood to older adulthood. Also, participants of all age groups made comparably good, informed choices. Thus, results highlight similarities in decision‐making across a wide age range. Still, we observed distinct patterns on the process level. Older adults demonstrated difficulty in ignoring irrelevant information and searched an overly extensive information subset. In contrast, children showed an information‐frugal approach that was widely similar to younger adults. A reanalysis of Study 1's data and previous studies (N = 228) expands the child sample from third to sixth grade. It supports our main findings and suggests developmental improvement across childhood. In Study 2, we used a metacognition questionnaire to investigate the role of crystalized intelligence that might be a compensation mechanism for older adults (N = 63). We discuss implications for adaptive decision‐making models.
Regorafenib for Taiwanese patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma after sorafenib failure: Impact of alpha‐fetoprotein levels
Authors: Hsu Po‐Yao , Cheng Tzu‐Sheng , Chuang Shih‐Chang , Chang Wen‐Tsan , Liang Po‐Cheng , Hsu Cheng‐Ting , Wei Yu‐Ju , Jang Tyng‐Yuan , Yeh Ming‐Lun , Huang Ching‐I , Lin Yi‐Hung , Wang Chih‐Wen , Hsieh Ming‐Yen , Hou Nai‐Jen , Hsieh Meng‐Hsuan , Tsai Yi‐Shan , Ko Yu‐Min , Lin Ching‐Chih , Chen Kuan‐Yu , Dai Chia‐Yen , Lin Zu‐Yau , Chen Shinn‐Cherng , Huang Jee‐Fu , Chuang Wan‐Long , Huang Chung‐Feng , Yu Ming‐Lung 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsRegorafenib has demonstrated its survival benefit for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) patients in a phase III clinical trial. We aimed to assess the efficacy and tolerability of regorafenib and the predictors of treatment outcomes in Taiwanese patients.MethodsWe analyzed the survival, best overall response, predictors of treatment outcomes, and safety for uHCC patients who had tumor progression on sorafenib therapy and received regorafenib as salvage therapy between March 2018 and November 2020.ResultsEighty‐six patients with uHCC were enrolled (median age, 66.5 years; 76.7% male). The median regorafenib treatment duration was 4.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6–4.6). The most frequently reported adverse events were hand‐foot skin reaction (44.2%), diarrhea (36.0%), and fatigue (29.1%). No unpredictable toxicity was observed during treatment. The median overall survival (OS) with regorafenib was 12.4 months (95% CI, 7.8–17.0) and the median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 4.2 months (95% CI, 3.7–4.7). Of 82 patients with regorafenib responses assessable, 4 patients (4.9%) achieved a partial response, and 33 (40.2%) had stable disease, leading to a disease control rate (DCR) of 45.1% (n = 37). Patients possessing baseline AFP < 400 ng/ml exhibited a markedly longer median OS, median PFS, and higher DCR compared with their counterparts (15.7 vs. 8.1 months, 4.6 vs. 3.7 months, 60.9% vs. 27.5%, respectively). Despite possessing high baseline AFP levels, patients with early AFP response (>10% reduction at 4 weeks or >20% reduction at 8 weeks after regorafenib administration) exhibited comparable treatment outcomes to those with baseline AFP < 400 ng/ml.ConclusionsThe results of this real‐world study verified the tolerability and efficacy of regorafenib treatment for uHCC patients who failed prior sorafenib therapy, especially for those with lower baseline AFP levels or with early AFP response.
Development and initial validation of the conspicuous behaviour orientation scale
Authors: Shaikh Shayan , Gummerum Michaela 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe primary goal of this research was to develop and validate the conspicuous behaviour orientation scale, a novel measure that captures an individual's propensity to adopt behaviours that signal social prestige. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in Study 1 (N = 423) identified two primary factors describing conspicuous behaviour orientation: Conspicuous altruism and conspicuous consumption. In a separate sample (N = 203), Study 2 confirmed the factor structure of the conspicuous behaviour orientation scale by demonstrating concurrent validity with measures of conspicuous donation behaviour, altruism, status consumption, and materialism. The construct validity was evaluated in Study 3 by correlating the present scale with the HEXACO model of personality (N = 410). Findings support that the 10‐item conspicuous behaviour orientation scale is a useful instrument to measure susceptibility towards costly signalling behaviour to enhance interpersonal relationships with relevant others. In essence, the results of these studies provide strong initial evidence for the reliability and validity of the conspicuous behaviour orientation scale. We conclude this paper with theoretical and applied implications of the proposed scale.
Three New Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid Derivatives and A New Alkaloid from Endophytic Fungus Mortierella sp. in Epimedium acuminatum Franch. and Their Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Huang Ze‐Diao , Wang Wen‐Jing , Han Xiao‐Le , Yang Xiao‐Long 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThree new hydroxyphenylacetic acid derivatives, stachylines E‐G (1–3), and a new alkaloid, mortieridinone (4), along with six known compounds (5–10), were isolated from endophytic fungus Mortierella sp. in Epimedium acuminatum Franch. Their structures were determined by their spectroscopic analyses and by comparison with the literature data. Compounds 7 and 10 showed selective antibacterial activity against tested multidrug‐resistant bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 25 to 3.13 μg/mL.
Novel lysine‐specific histone demethylase 1 inhibitor in acute myeloid leukaemia transformed from essential thrombocythaemia
Authors: Hodges Samantha , Cooney Julian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhile progress continues in the understanding of molecular abnormalities in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), with some specific targeted therapies now available, it remains commonly fatal in the elderly. Leukaemic evolution and transformation from myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) may be associated with increased numbers of mutations in the genes associated with myeloid neoplasm and the prognosis in such patients is invariably dismal. Targeting of intracellular enzymes associated with integral cellular function has advanced understanding and promises improvements in treatments.CaseWe report impressive prolonged response to therapy in a case of secondary AML, arising from essential thrombocythaemia (ET). The trial agent, the oral lysine‐specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitor Bomedemstat (IMG‐7289) was well tolerated. In addition to suppressing the malignant clone, these blasts showed differentiation to monocytes morphologically as well as by surface markers seen on flow cytometry. Bomedemstat has efficacy in the treatment of myelofibrosis and may have a special role in treatment of specific AML subtypes, including secondary leukaemias arising from MPN as seen.ConclusionWe report a case of an older adult with secondary AML transformed from ET, with a remarkable response to LSD1 inhibition with Bomedemstat, with prolonged reduction in blasts demonstrating differentiation to monocytes.
Root disease and fungal populations in organic crops under different tillage–cropping systems
Authors: Fernandez Myriam R. , Abdellatif Lobna , Lokuruge Prabhath , Schellenberg Michael P. , Lupwayi Newton Z. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThere has been a steady expansion in organic production in the Canadian Prairies because of higher consumer demand. Thus, increasing the sustainability of organic systems would be important. An organic trial was conducted in the semi‐arid Prairies (2010–2015) with two tillage intensities (low vs. high) in a simplified [spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–forage pea (Pisum sativum L.) green manure (GM)] and a diversified (spring wheat–oilseed–pulse–GM) rotation. In 2013–2015, the impact of these systems on root rot was examined on spring wheat, pulses, and GM crops. Several Fusarium spp. were more abundant in GM and pulses than spring wheat, suggesting that they could be a source of inoculum, especially of F. avenaceum (Fr.:Fr.) Sacc. (teleomorph Gibberella avenacea Cook), for Fusarium diseases in cereals including Fusarium head blight. Under different environments, tillage–rotation systems had an impact on root disease and fungal populations, some of which have biocontrol capabilities. There was no difference among systems for root rot in forage pea, while the low tillage‐diversified rotation had the lowest root rot in spring wheat but was associated with more Fusarium spp. For all crops, most Fusaria were not associated with root rot severity. Cochliobolus sativus (Ito & Kurib.) Drechs. ex Dast. [anamorph Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker] accounted the most for root rot in spring wheat and was favored by intensive tillage and simplified rotations. The Shannon diversity index (H') of fungal species in spring wheat was higher in the diversified rotation under both tillage intensities than when spring wheat alternated with GM in the simplified rotation, especially under high tillage. In forage pea, H' was higher than in spring wheat, but did not differ among tillage–rotation systems.
Versatile Pendant Polymer for Selective Charge Carrier Transport via Controlling the Supramolecular Self‐Assembly
Authors: Lim Jihyun , Kim Min‐Sung , Jang Woongsik , Park Jin Kuen , Wang Dong Hwan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the group of Jin Kuen Park and Dong Hwan Wang at two different universities in South Korea. The image shows how the supramolecular interaction between pendant polymers can play a role in controlling the electronic properties in perovskite‐based electronics such as solar cells and photodetectors. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.202101785.