bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TMT‐labeled quantitative proteomic analysis to identify proteins associated with the stability of peanut milk
Authors: Jia Cong , Lu Xin , Gao Jinhong , Wang Ruidan , Sun Qiang , Huang Jinian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPeanut milk benefits human health mainly due to its high protein content and suitable amino acid composition. To reveal the molecular mechanism affecting the quality of peanut milk, tandem mass tag (TMT)‐labeled proteomic analysis was applied to identify the proteome variation between two peanut cultivars that produced peanut milk with the best and worst stability.RESULTSA total of 478 differentially abundant proteins (fold change >1.2 or <0.83, P < 0.05) were identified. Most of these proteins were located in the cytoplasm and chloroplasts. Correlation analysis showed that RNA recognition motif (RRM) domain‐containing protein (17.1 kDa) had a negative relationship with the sedimentation rate of peanut milk and that 22.0 kDa class IV heat shock protein was negatively correlated with the creaming index (P < 0.05). Bioinformatic analysis showed that the molecular function of RRM domain‐containing protein (17.1 kDa) was associated with RNA binding and nucleotide binding, and 22.0 kDa class IV heat shock protein was involved in the pathway of protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum.CONCLUSIONOverall, the differentially abundant proteins in the biological metabolic pathway might offer some potential markers to guide future peanut breeding, especially for the production of peanut milk. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
A new HPLC‐MS/MS analytical method for quantification of tazobactam, piperacillin, and meropenem in human plasma
Authors: Krnáč Dušan , Reiffová Katarína , Rolinski Boris 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA simple and fast high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of tazobactam, piperacillin, and meropenem in human plasma has been developed and validated. Simple sample preparation with a volume of 10 μL was done by protein precipitation with a mixture of methanol–acetonitrile–water (6:2:2, v/v/v). Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Luna column with a precolumn security guard by gradient elution using a mobile phase consisting of water with the addition of 0.1% formic acid (component A) and mixture methanol–acetonitrile (8:2, v/v) with the addition of 0.1% formic acid (component B). The run time was 2.7 min. The lower limits of detection and lower limits of quantification were for piperacillin 0.03 and 0.1 mg/L, for meropenem 0.04 and 0.2 mg/L and for tazobactam 0.16 and 0.5 mg/L. The validated method was used for therapeutic monitoring of tazobactam, piperacillin, and meropenem in samples of patients treated in the intensive care unit.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Early Systolic Notching in Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Aslaner Mehmet Ali , Karbek Akarca Funda , Aksu Şakir Hakan , Yazla Merve , Can Özge , Kuş Görkem , Çelik Ali , Özkan Selçuk , İbze Süleyman , Yamanoğlu Adnan , Yazıcı Mümin Murat , Yürüktümen Ünal Aslıhan , Demircan Ahmet 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveRecently, a cardiac sonography finding, early systolic notching (ESN), was reported with high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in a limited population. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of ESN finding for PE in emergency department (ED) patients.MethodThis prospective multicenter study was conducted in 4 academic EDs. All patients who underwent computed tomography angiography for suspected PE were included in the study. After inclusion, cardiac ultrasound including the right ventricular outflow tract Doppler signal was performed. The diagnostic tests of ESN finding were used for PE and its subgroups.ResultsIn the study, 183 of 201 patients met the study criteria. Of all patients, 52.5% had PE (n = 96), and 19.7% (n = 36) had ESN finding. In all ED patients, the sensitivity of ESN for PE was 34% (95% CI 25–45), and the specificity was 97% (95% CI 90–99). In the subgroup analysis, the sensitivity of ESN for PE with high or intermediate‐high risk was 69% (95% CI 49–85), and the specificity was 90% (95% CI 84–94). Inter‐rater reliability for ESN finding between the cardiologist and emergency physician was strong with a kappa statistic of 0.87.ConclusionThe pulmonary Doppler flow of ESN was moderate to high specific but low sensitive for PE in all ED patients. In the subgroup analysis, this finding was moderate specific and low sensitive.
Autologous Muscle‐Derived Cell Therapy for Swallowing Impairment in Patients Following Treatment for Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Nativ‐Zeltzer Nogah , Kuhn Maggie A. , Evangelista Lisa , Anderson Johnathon D. , Nolta Jan A. , Farwell D. Gregory , Canestrari Emanuele , Jankowski Ron J. , Belafsky Peter C. 
Published: May 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTo evaluate the safety and potential efficacy of autologous muscle‐derived cells (AMDCs) for the treatment of swallowing impairment following treatment for oropharynx cancer.Study DesignProspective, phase I, open label, clinical trial.MethodsOropharynx cancer survivors disease free ≥2 years post chemoradiation were recruited. All patients had swallowing impairment but were not feeding tube dependent (Functional Oral Intake Scale [FOIS] ≥ 5). Muscle tissue (50–250 mg) was harvested from the vastus lateralis and 150 × 106 AMDCs were prepared (Cook MyoSite Inc., Pittsburgh, PA). The cells were injected into four sites throughout the intrinsic tongue musculature. Participants were followed for 24 months. The primary outcome measure was safety. Secondary endpoints included objective measures on swallowing fluoroscopy, oral and pharyngeal pressure, and changes in patient‐reported outcomes.ResultsTen individuals were enrolled. 100% (10/10) were male. The mean age of the cohort was 65 (±8.87) years. No serious adverse event occurred. Mean tongue pressure increased significantly from 26.3 (±11.1) to 31.8 (±9.5) kPa (P = .017). The mean penetration‐aspiration scale did not significantly change from 5.6 (±2.1) to 6.8 (±1.8), and the mean FOIS did not significantly change from 5.4 (±0.5) to 4.6 (±0.7). The incidence of pneumonia was 30% (3/10) and only 10% (1/10) experienced deterioration in swallowing function throughout 2 years of follow‐up. The mean eating assessment tool (EAT‐10) did not significantly change from 24.1 (±5.57) to 21.3 (±6.3) (P = .12).ConclusionResults of this phase I clinical trial demonstrate that injection of 150 × 106 AMDCs into the tongue is safe and may improve tongue strength, which is durable at 2 years. A blinded placebo‐controlled trial is warranted.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:523–527, 2022
A new method to estimate the cover and management factor for soil loss prediction on the Loess Plateau in China: A case‐study using a soybean field
Authors: Xie Xinli , Wang Jie , Hou Lei , Wang Jilei , Bin Zhaoqi , Wu Faqi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe cover management factor (C‐factor) has become one of the most sensitive and complex parameters in the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) because of its sensitivity to anthropogenic activities. However, due to the regionally limited scope of conventional models, direct applications of the C‐factor prediction have been hindered in China. Alternative C‐factor estimation approaches often consider vegetation coverage alone. This can decrease the accuracy of the estimation to an extent. In this study, several cropping systems were established to investigate the coupling effect of surface changes under different management practices and crop cover in preventing soil loss at the plot scale. Five experimental (CP, cropped; SSR, roughened; SC, crusted; CP‐SSR, cropped‐roughened; CP‐SC, cropped‐crusted) plots were set, compared to bare plot (BP). The impact of cropping systems on soil loss was estimated by SLR (soil loss ratio), according to the universal soil loss equation (USLE). The SLR estimation models were provided via identifying the related sub‐factors, subsequently, combined with the distribution curve of rainfall erosivity to allow the novel C‐factor estimation. The results showed that compared with SLRCP, the decrease in SLRCP − SSR varied from 12% to 43% with a mean of 25.50%; and the decrease in SLRCP − SC varied from 24% to 51% with a mean of 34.75%. Crop coverage, plant height, root weight density, < 0.5 mm root length density (both at 0–5 cm depth), initial roughness, and initial crust thickness were significantly correlated with SLR. For cropped plot, SLRCP − estimated can achieve more accurate simulation result than conventional models obtained from literature findings, with RMSE (root mean square error) coefficient of 0.17. For a comprehensive understanding of the C‐factor, multiple crops should be considered, and more experiments in the experimental group to better verify SLRCP − SSR − estimated and SLRCP − SC − estimated are recommended.
Respiration by “marine snow” at high hydrostatic pressure: Insights from continuous oxygen measurements in a rotating pressure tank
Authors: Stief Peter , Elvert Marcus , Glud Ronnie N. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIt is generally anticipated that particulate organic carbon (POC) for most part is degraded by attached microorganisms during the descent of “marine snow” aggregates toward the deep sea. There is, however, increasing evidence that fresh aggregates can reach great depth and sustain relatively high biological activity in the deep sea. Using a novel high‐pressure setup, we tested the hypothesis that increasing levels of hydrostatic pressure inhibit POC degradation in aggregates rapidly sinking to the ocean interior. Respiration activity, a proxy for POC degradation, was measured directly and continuously at up to 100 MPa (corresponding to 10 km water depth) in a rotating pressure tank that keeps the aggregates in a sinking mode. Model diatom‐bacteria aggregates, cultures of the aggregate‐forming diatom Skeletonema marinoi, and seawater microbial communities devoid of diatoms showed incomplete and complete inhibition of respiration activity when exposed to pressure levels of 10–50 and 60–100 MPa, respectively. This implies reduced POC degradation and hence enhanced POC export to hadal trenches through fast‐sinking, pressure‐exposed aggregates. Notably, continuous respiration measurements at ≥50 MPa revealed curved instead of linear oxygen time series whenever S. marinoi was present, which was not captured by discrete respiration measurements. These curvatures correspond to alternating phases of high and low respiration activity likely connected to pressure effects on unidentified metabolic processes in S. marinoi.
Microstructure‐dependent corrosion of herringbone‐grooved embossed Al–1.1 wt% Mn strips for heat exchanger tubes
Authors: Zaffaroni Giorgio G. B. , Gudla Visweswara C. , Laganá Simone , Gundlach Carsten , Olsson Bjorn , Yazdi Rouhollah , Nordlien Jan H. , Ambat Rajan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper studied the effect of embossing on the microstructure and corrosion behaviour of an Al−1.1 wt% Mn sheet. The microstructure of the embossed Al−1.1 wt% Mn sheets was studied by differential interference contrast microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, focused ion beam microscopy and X‐ray computational tomography. Finite element modelling was used to assess the stress and strain distribution developed during embossing, and to support the experimental analyses. The corrosion behaviour of the embossed sheets was assessed using potentiodynamic anodic polarisation tests, followed by corrosion surface morphology analysis. Results showed a microstructural evolution of the alloy during embossing, which is dependent on both the embossed pattern geometry and the roll forming direction. Nonsymmetrical displacement of material, in respect to the pattern geometry, was caused by the anisotropic forming pressure applied on the strip during roll forming, which yielded the formation of more susceptible sites for pitting and intergranular corrosion on the embossed aluminium surfaces.
Novel Thiadiazolobenzotriazole Based Donor–Acceptor Type Conjugated Polymers as Neutral Green Electrochromic Materials
Authors: Zhang Yan , Kong Lingqian , Du Yuchang , Zhao Jinsheng , Xie Yu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThiadiazolobenzotriazole (TBZ)‐containing donor‐acceptor (D–A) type polymers are rarely investigated as electrochromic materials, although they have made important progress in the fields of organic transistors and solar cells. In this work, a new class of soluble D–A type electrochromic polymer is designed using the alkyl substituted TBZ units as the acceptor, the alkyl substituted 3,4‐propylenedioxythiophene (ProDOT) units as the donor, and benzene (B) units as the π‐bridge. Through altering the molar ratio of ProDOT/B/TBZ, three polymers named PPBT‐1, PPBT‐2 and PPBT‐3 are chemically synthesized. After various characterizations, it is found that all the polymers display saturated green in their neutral states and switch to transparent gray upon oxidation with narrow optical bandgaps, and moreover, they demonstrate high optical contrast, rapid switching speed, and excellent coloration efficiency particularly in the near infrared region. The impacts of different donor‐acceptor feed ratios on electrochromic performances are mainly reflected in the optical, electrochemical and kinetic properties. In contrast to PPBT‐1 and PPBT‐3, PPBT‐2 show the best performances with the most appropriate ProDOT/B/TBZ ratio of 2/3/1 in its backbone. These positive results provide a theoretical basis for the research of electrochromic polymers based on TBZ units.
Rational Design of a High‐Strength Tough Hydrogel from Fundamental Principles
Authors: Chen Genxin , Zhang Qiong , Ma Liya , Zhao Yang , Ran Jiabing 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCurrently, polymer‐based hydrogels have found applications in many fields but are faced with a challenge how to reach an optimum trade‐off between strength and toughness. In this regard, two prototypes (i.e., poly(AAm‐co‐AA)/CS‐Fe3+ and poly(AAm‐co‐AA)/PVA‐Fe3+ double‐network (DN) hydrogels), following the fundamental principles, are developed for the first time through constructing covalent/ionic dual cross‐links in the first networks while inducing polymer entanglement/crystallite‐based hidden chains in the second networks. Through systematic investigation of their comprehensive mechanical properties, the rationality of the proof‐of‐concept strategy is verified but some modifications are needed for further improvement. In summary, the synergy of DN structure and integrated irreversible/reversible dual cross‐links in a sacrificing network can formulate an effective energy‐dissipation system for high toughness, high toughness/strain recoverability, and high antifatigue capability. High‐functionality cross‐links based on polymer crystallites in the second network enhance the strength and elasticity of the as‐prepared hydrogels but destroy the flexibility and softness of the matrix phase, therefore sacrificing their stretchability. For optimal hydrogel design, introducing high‐functionality cross‐links in the matrix network while maintaining its flexibility or constructing hidden chains in the sacrificing network may be an ideal strategy to solve the afore‐mentioned problem.
A Natural Rubber Waste Derived Surfactant for High Internal Phase Emulsion Templating of Poly(Dicyclopentadiene)
Authors: Schallert Viktor , Slugovc Christian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe use of a surfactant derived from the degradation of natural rubber gloves via cross‐metathesis with methyl acrylate and subsequent saponification of the ester group for the stabilization of water in dicyclopentadiene high internal phase emulsions is described. The versatility of the resulting high internal phase emulsion is demonstrated by polymerizing the continuous dicyclopentadiene phase via ring‐opening metathesis polymerization yielding macroporous poly(dicyclopentadiene) foams with a porosity of 82%. The use of the ionic surfactant allows for the preparation of foams, which are resistant to absorb water. This property is hitherto not accessible with protocols involving the use of nonionic surfactants commonly employed in emulsion templating of polymers.
Tailoring Crosslinked Polyether Networks for Separation of CO2 from Light Gases
Authors: Rahman Md. Mushfequr , Abetz Volker 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCrosslinked poly(ethylene oxide) or poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is an ideal membrane material for separation of CO2 from light gases (e.g., H2, N2, O2, CH4 etc). In these membranes, crosslinking is used as a tool to suppress crystallinity of the PEG segments. In spite of the extensive effort to develop crosslinked PEG membranes in the last two decades, it remains a challenge to establish the structure–property relationships. This paper points out the fundamental limitations to correlate the chain topology of a network with the gas permeation mechanism. While a quantitative comparison of the molecular weight between crosslinks of networks and gas permeation mechanism reported by different research groups is challenging, effort is made to draw a qualitative picture. In this review, a focus is also put on the progress of utilization of dangling chain fractions to tailor the gas permeation behavior of PEG networks.
Formation mechanism of in‐situ V8C7 and V3B4 particles in iron matrix composites by vacuum sintering
Authors: Qin Y. , Wang Y. , Wu S. , Fan L. , Miao W. , Chen H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe in‐situ V8C7‐V3B4/Fe45 composites were fabricated by vacuum sintering using ferrovanadium, carbon black and Fe45 alloy powders as raw materials. The microstructure, phase structure and hardness of sintered Fe45+x wt.% (FeV+C) composite specimens (x = 0, x = 5, x = 10, x = 15, x = 20) were investigated. The results show that the type and shape of in‐situ borides and carbides depend on the content of (FeV+C) mixed powders. When x = 5, the composite consists of α‐(Fe, Cr, V) solid solution, strip M7C3 carbides and block M2B borides. When x = 10, the V3B4 particles initiate inside the M2B borides by in‐situ precipitation, and the excess vanadium reacts with carbon to in‐situ form V8C7 particles. When x≥15, the M2B completely transform into V3B4. Furthermore, the V8C7 and V3B4 particles coarsened and tended to be spheroidal and rectangle shape respectively. The V3B4 particles coarsen possibly by contacting and merging of the small V3B4 particles. However, the V8C7 particles coarsen possibly by the Ostwald ripening. The hardness of the composites increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of (FeV+C) mixed powders. The Fe45+10 wt.% (FeV+C) composite has the highest hardness value (54.2 HRC), which is due to the fine boride and carbide reinforcement and little pore defect.
Automatic feature‐preserving size field for three‐dimensional mesh generation
Authors: Bawin Arthur , Henrotte François , Remacle Jean‐François 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article presents a methodology aiming at easing considerably the generation of high‐quality meshes for complex three‐dimensional (3D) domains. To this end, a mesh size field h(x) is computed, taking surface curvatures and geometric features into account. The size field is tuned by five intuitive parameters and yields quality meshes for arbitrary geometries. Mesh size is initialized on a surface triangulation of the domain based on discrete curvatures and medial axis transform computations. It is then propagated into the volume while ensuring the size gradient ∇h is controlled so as to obtain a smoothly graded mesh. As the size field is stored in an independent octree data structure, it can be computed separately, then plugged into any mesh generator able to respect a prescribed size field. The procedure is automatic, in the sense that minimal interaction with the user is required. Applications of our methodology on CAD models taken from the very large ABC dataset are presented. In particular, all presented meshes were obtained with the same generic set of parameters, demonstrating the universality of the technique.
Event‐triggered decentralized optimal fault tolerant control for mismatched interconnected nonlinear systems through adaptive dynamic programming
Authors: Luo Fangchao , Zhao Bo , Liu Derong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an event‐triggered decentralized optimal fault tolerant control (ETDOFTC) scheme based on adaptive dynamic programming for mismatched interconnected nonlinear systems with actuator failures. For fault‐free dynamic models, the decentralized control problem is addressed by developing a set of decentralized optimal control strategies for isolated subsystems with modified value functions, which are approximated by critic neural networks. Meanwhile, the neural network‐based decentralized observer is established to approximate actuator failures and mismatched unknown interconnections. The weights of the neural networks are aperiodically updated at the designed triggering instants. Then, the proposed ETDOFTC scheme is obtained by combining the event‐triggered decentralized optimal control strategies with the adaptive fault compensators. Furthermore, it is proved that all the signals of the closed‐loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded via the Lyapunov stability analysis. Finally, simulation results of two examples are presented to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed ETDOFTC scheme.
Improved robustH∞stability analysis and stabilization of uncertain systems with stochastic input time‐varying delays
Authors: Bourahala Fayçal , Rouamel Mohamed , Guelton Kevin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article focus on the robustH∞stability analysis and controller design for a class of uncertain and disturbed continuous‐time systems with input time‐varying delays characterized by stochastic Bernoulli distributions. First, robustH∞stability conditions for linear continuous systems with interval input time‐varying delays is investigated. A delay‐distribution‐approach is considered to reduce the conservatism of the stability conditions from the convenient selection of a Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF), which considers both the lower and upper bounds of the stochastic time‐varying delay to derive new delay‐dependentH∞stability conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Then, derived from the proposed stability conditions, LMI‐based conditions for the design of stabilizing robustH∞delayed state feedback controller are proposed. Finally, five numerical examples are considered to show the effectiveness of the proposed stability analysis and controller design conditions, in comparison to previous related results.