bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Droop-free amplified red emission from Eu ions in GaN
Authors: Takeo Atsushi , Ichikawa Shuhei , Maeda Shogo , Timmerman Dolf , Tatebayashi Jun , Fujiwara Yasufumi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Eu-doped GaN (GaN:Eu) are novel candidates for red light-emitting diodes (LEDs). To further improve the luminescent efficiency of the GaN:Eu-based LED, the efficiency-droop under strong excitation conditions should be suppressed. In this paper, we demonstrate droop-free luminescence of GaN:Eu emitted from a sample-edge using a stripe excitation configuration. The Eu emission intensity clearly increases compared to the conventional surface-emission, and the enhancement is more pronounced for stronger excitation conditions. We clarify that the wavelength dependence of the enhancement agrees well with the optical gain spectrum of the GaN:Eu and is attributed to amplified spontaneous emission.
The Main Factors of Yemeni Conflict: An Analysis
Authors: Al-Tamimi Adeb Abdulelah Abdulwahid , Venkatesha Uddagatti 
Published: November 2021

Yemen is an unsteady country with a long history of conflict and many complex issues that have led to the deterioration of the political, economic, and social situation. The conflict in its various stages began as an internal political struggle as a result of the people's grievances and the elite's competition for power and national wealth, in addition to other external factors. Hence, it is important to study the conflict factors in Yemen to understand the situation which in turn will help in providing solutions by decision-makers towards peace-making. Therefore, this study analyses the conflict factors in Yemen based on the political, economic, and social effects, in addition to the external interference effects. The research findings indicated that the conflict factors were not the only result of security or political issues but also presented by many socio-economic problems as well as external factors, which have affected of the country since its unification.
Efficiency of empagliflosin in combined nephroprotective therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Krutikov E. S. , Tsvetkov V. A. , Chistyakova S. I. , Akaev R. O. 
Published: November 2021

INTRODUCTION. The data obtained in clinical studies of recent years of the possible inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) nephroprotective effect in type 2 diabetes mellitus necessitate the further study of these drug's effect on kidney injury risk factors.THE AIM: to study the effect of SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin as part of combination therapy on the main mechanisms of kidney damage in patients with type 2 diabetes.PATIENTS AND METHODS. We have completed a clinical randomized study in parallel groups in patients with type 2 diabetes of nephroprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin during 2 years. The study included 244 patients with type 2 diabetes with a preserved glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and moderate arterial hypertension (AH), who had previously taken perindopril and indapamide, but did not reach target blood pressure (BP) values. Patients were randomized into 2 groups: Group I (n = 120) took Perindopril 10 mg per day, Indapamide retard 1.5 mg per day, β-blocker Carvedilol 12.5-25 mg 2 times a day; Group II (n = 124) was additionally prescribed empagliflozin 25 mg per day. The study endpoints were GFR changes, albuminuria, and renal blood flow as measured by Doppler imaging. Also studied the dynamics of blood pressure and glycemic control.RESULTS. It was found that empagliflozin as part of complex therapy for type 2 diabetes is able to reduce albuminuria and prevent a decrease in GFR within a 2-year follow-up period. The use of empagliflozin promoted an increase in the rate of renal blood flow and a decrease in intrarenal vascular resistance and had a corrective effect on the daily dynamics of blood pressure and glycemic control.CONCLUSION. Empagliflozin improves intrarenal and systemic hemodynamics, prevents a decrease in GFR, reduces albuminuria, and improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.
Features of the vaginal microbiota in recurrent urinary tract infections in childhood
Authors: Chebotareva Yu. Yu. , Letifov G. M. , Kostoeva Z. A. , Loginov E. I. , Tangieva M. Yu. 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND. Currently, there is a stable deterioration in the somatic health of preschool-age girls, which creates a real threat to the realization of reproductive function in the future. The state of vaginal microbiocenosis in preschool girls suffering from recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) remains a little-studied problem.THE AIM: to assess the state of the vaginal biotope in preschool girls suffering from recurrent UTIs.PATIENTS AND METHODS. 92 girls aged 3-6 years were examined, of which: group 1 (n=32) - patients with recurrent UTI; group 2 (n=30) - patients with rare UTI; group 3 (n=30) - girls of 1,2 health groups. Vaginal microbiocenosis was assessed by quantitative PCR using the «Femoflor-17 test system». Statistical analysis was performed using the application program "Statistica 6.0 for Windows".RESULTS. Facultative anaerobes predominate in the vaginal microbiocenosis of patients with UTI, the absolute content of which is significantly higher in patients with the recurrent course (p <0.05). The relative number of facultative anaerobes is significantly higher in patients with rare UTIs (p<0.05). In patients with recurrent UTI, the absolute and relative content of obligate anaerobes is lower than in patients with rare UTI and girls from the control group. The index of total bacterial mass in patients with UTI, compared with girls of the control group, is significantly higher (p<0.05). In patients with UTI, an increase in the colonies of the Enterobacteriacea family and a decrease in obligate anaerobes were determined in comparison with similar indicators of girls in the control group.CONCLUSION. The presence of recurrent UTI in preschool girls is a risk factor for the development of the severe vaginal dysbiotic condition. Rare UTIs can also be a risk of developing vaginal dysbiosis. Real-time multi-dimensional PCR provides quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the conditionally pathogenic flora of the vaginal biotope.
Combined urogenital abnormalities of development and the formation of reproductive health in girls
Authors: Chebotareva Yu. Yu. , Letifov G. M. , Rodina M. A. 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND.Anomalies in the development of the uterus and vagina in some cases are combined with defects of the urinary tract. Therefore, the analysis of clinical situations associated with combined urogenital pathology in girls is of current and practical importance.THE AIM:to assess the state of reproductive health in girls with reproductive anomalies, renal agenesis, and other diseases of the urinary tract.PATIENTS AND METHODS.The study was conducted in 5 adolescent girls, including 3 patients with kidney agenesis, 1 patient with dysmetabolic nephropathy and nephroptosis, and 1 patient with recurrent urinary tract infection. In the analysis of clinical cases, the anatomical and functional features of the reproductive system are presented.RESULTS.The first 3 clinical cases are associated with the presence of kidney agenesis in the girl. In 1 clinical case, the clinic of the Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuester-Hauser syndrome (SMRKH) type II, including aplasia of the uterus and vagina and renal malformation, is presented. In clinical case 2, it was shown that modern transabdominal ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs, similar to MRI, can reveal the Herlin-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome. Agenesis of the kidney is one of the manifestations of trisomy of 22 pairs of chromosomes, which was noted in a patient from 3 clinical cases. 4 clinical cases is associated with the fact that kidney pathology, including nephroptosis, dysmetabolic nephropathy, can be combined with impaired sexual development. In 5 clinical case, type I SMRCC was described in a patient with recurrent urinary tract infection.CONCLUSION.Congenital malformations of the female genital organs are a rare pathology that requires special attention. Due to insufficient data concerning the mechanism of development of malformations of the genitourinary system, this problem requires further detailed study.
AUTOMATED RESISTANCE TESTER OF ELECTRONIC MEANS TO ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE
Authors: Ромащенко М.А. , Сеимова Д.С. , Иванов М.А. 
Published: November 2021

Рассмотрены основные подходы проверки функциональности электронных средств при воздействии электростатического разряда, а также представлены основные этапы разработки автоматизированного тестера устойчивости электронных средств к электростатическому разряду. Электростатический разряд является одним из основных факторов, способствующих снижению надежности и производительности электронных устройств. Предложен подход к повышению качества разработки электронных изделий на основе автоматизированного устройства для тестирования электронных средств на устойчивость к электростатическим разрядам. Представлена концептуальная структура программно-аппаратного комплекса для оценки влияния электростатического разряда на электронные средства. В конструкции испытательного генератора предусмотрены защитные механизмы, предотвращающие создание непреднамеренных излучаемых или кондуктивных электромагнитных помех импульсного или непрерывного характера для исключения паразитных эффектов, способных оказать влияние на испытуемое или вспомогательное оборудование. Целью исследования, в рамках которого происходила разработка тестирующего устройства, является повышение надежности функционирования электронных средств и приборов при воздействии на них электростатических разрядов. Благодаря предлагаемому подходу становится возможным обеспечить эффективность тестирования конструкций электронных средств на устойчивость к электростатическому разряду на основе комплексных методов оптимального проектирования с учетом обеспечения требований международных стандартов
The article discusses the main approaches to checking the functionality of electronic devices when exposed to electrostatic discharge. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is a major contributor to the reliability and performance of electronic devices. This paper proposes an approach to improving the quality of development of electronic products based on an automated device for testing electronic devices for resistance to electrostatic discharges. We present the conceptual structure of a software and hardware complex for assessing the effect of electrostatic discharge on electronic means. The test generator is designed with protective mechanisms to prevent the creation of unintentional radiated or conducted electromagnetic interference of a pulsed or continuous nature to eliminate parasitic effects that could affect the tested or auxiliary equipment. The purpose of the study, within the framework of which the development of the testing device took place, is to increase the reliability of the functioning of electronic devices and devices when exposed to electrostatic discharges. Thanks to the proposed approach, it becomes possible to ensure the effectiveness of testing the structures of electronic devices for resistance to electrostatic discharge on the basis of complex methods of optimal design, taking into account the requirements of international standards
ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE MICRORELIEF PARAMETERS FORMED AS A RESULT OF CENTERLESS GRINDING OF THE FULL SPHERE
Authors: Решетникова О.П. , Изнаиров Б.М. , Васин А.Н. , Белоусова Н.В. , Семочкин Г.А. 
Published: November 2021

При технологической подготовке операций чистовой и отделочной обработки деталей абразивными инструментами очень важными задачами являются прогнозирование ее результатов в зависимости от назначенных режимов и назначение режимов в зависимости от требуемого качества обработанных поверхностей. Имеющиеся многочисленные справочные материалы такого характера получены в лабораторных условиях, носят дискретный характер, не учитывают специфическую топографию поверхностей абразивных инструментов и множества других условий и поэтому недостаточно достоверны. На их основе возможно планировать технологический процесс только предварительно, а затем неизбежно требуется уточнять его параметры экспериментальным путем, что приводит к значительному удорожанию процесса подготовки производства. Наличие достоверной аналитической методики позволяет кратно снизить эти затраты, и поэтому она настоятельно необходима не только и даже не столько при выполнении научных исследований, сколько в реальном производстве. В статье аналитически определены параметры микрорельефа, образующегося в результате бесцентрового шлифования полной сферы. Уточнено влияние процесса выхаживания на формирование шероховатости сферы. Приведена методика расчета среднеарифметического отклонения микропрофиля сферической поверхности
In the technological preparation of the operations of finishing processing of parts with abrasive tools, it is very important to predict its results depending on the assigned modes and the purpose of modes depending on the required quality of the processed surfaces. The available numerous reference materials of this nature were obtained in laboratory conditions, are discrete in nature, do not take into account the specific topography of the surfaces of abrasive tools and many other conditions, and therefore are not reliable enough. On their basis, it is possible to plan the technological process only in advance, and then inevitably it is necessary to refine its parameters experimentally, which leads to a significant increase in the cost of the production preparation process. The availability of a reliable analytical method allows you to multiply these costs, and therefore it is urgently needed not only and even not so much when performing scientific research, but in real production. In the article, we analytically determine the parameters of the microrelief formed as a result of centerless grinding of a full sphere. We determined the influence of the nursing process on the formation of the sphere roughness. We present a method for calculating the arithmetic mean deviation of the micro-profile of a spherical surface
FEATURES OF POSSESSION OF MORPHOLOGICAL NORMS BY POLICE OFFICERS
Authors: Зорина Виктория Владимировна 
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена проблеме владения сотрудниками полиции нормами современного русского литературного языка. Результаты выполнения задания, направленного на применение правил склонения фамилий (морфологические нормы), показали, что сотрудники правоохранительных органов-обучающиеся факультета профессиональной подготовки испытывают определенные затруднения. Полученные данные возможно учитывать при планировании и отборе упражнений для занятий по дисциплине «Русский язык в деловой документации. Культура речи».
The article is devoted to the problem of police officers ' proficiency in the norms of the modern Russian literary language, in particular morphological ones. The results of the task aimed at applying the rules of declension of surnames showed that law enforcement officers-students of the faculty of vocational training experience certain difficulties. The obtained data can be taken into account when planning and selecting tasks for classes in the discipline " Russian in business documentation. Culture of speech".
FOOD SECURITY AS AN OBJECT OF PROGRAM-TARGET MANAGEMENT
Authors: Гумеров Рустам Раулевич 
Published: November 2021

Обеспечение продовольственной безопасности (ПБ) - одна из важнейших функций современного государства. Эффективность ее выполнения в существенной степени зависит от качества стратегического планирования, мониторинга и контроля состояния ПБ.
Ensuring food security (FS) is one of the most important functions of a modern state. The effectiveness of its implementation significantly depends on the quality of strategic planning, monitoring and control of the state of the FS.
VOCALISM AS AN FRTICULATORY-ACOUSTIC COMPNENT OF SONDS
Authors: Иаикаия Татиана Ляаисшис 
Published: November 2021

Актуальность поиска подтверждения феномена речи и объяснения её механизма обусловлена проблемами отсутствия описания артикуляционной модели.
The relevance of the search confirmation of the phenomenon of speech and the explanation of its mechanism is due to the problems of the lack of a description of the articulatory model.
REAL ESTATE AS A SUBJECT OF PLEDGE
Authors: Скворцова Татьяна Александровна , Кухмистрова Яна Валерьевна 
Published: November 2021

Цель настоящей статьи - проведение правового анализа понятия и сущности недвижимости как предмета залога. Для достижения указанной цели в статье рассматриваются различные подходы к определению понятия и выделению свойств недвижимости. В результате проведенного исследования авторы пришли к выводу о необходимости закрепления исчерпывающего перечня недвижимого имущества, которое может быть предметом ипотеки.
The purpose of this article is to conduct a legal analysis of the concept and essence of real estate as a collateral. To achieve this goal, the article discusses various approaches to the definition of the concept and the allocation of real estate properties. As a result of the conducted research, the authors came to the conclusion that it is necessary to consolidate an exhaustive list of real estate that can be the subject of a mortgage.
Blood gas analysis syringes containing spray-dosed droplet liquid heparin may decrease sample rejection ratios
Authors: UÇAR Kamil Taha , NURLU Nilhan 
Published: November 2021

Aim: The objective of this study is to evaluate blood gas analysis (BGA) sample rejection ratios (SRRs) in our laboratory and investigate the effect of various BGA syringes on SRR.
Material and Method: 3 groups were formed based on the type and use period of BGA syringes. Syringes containing spray-dosed droplet liquid Lithium Heparin were used in Group 1 (November 2018–May 2019), syringes containing lyophilized dried Lithium Heparin were used in Group 2 (July 2019–January 2020), and another syringes containing spray-dosed droplet liquid Lithium Heparin were used in Group 3 (March 2020–September 2020), and the groups were determined based on such use. SRRs of these groups were calculated, causes for sample rejection were identified, and department-based investigations were conducted. Comparisons between groups were performed according to the indicated variables.
Results: Mean SRRs of the groups by percentage (%) were calculated as 6.1±1.5, 10.0±0.9, and 3.8±0.9, respectively, and showed a statistically significant difference (p
The validity and agreement of PI-RADS v2 in the diagnosis of prostate cancer
Authors: TEZCAN Şehnaz , BEKAR Ülkü , ONBAŞIOĞLU GÜRBÜZ Müge , ERGİN Giray 
Published: November 2021

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate accuracy of multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI) in detection of clinically significant (CS) prostate cancer (PC) and determine agreement of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data Systems version2 (PI-RADS v2) among three readers.
Material and Method: The study included 65 (32 malignancy, 33 benign) patients with clinically suspected PC who were underwent mpMRI between January 2017 and January 2020 followed by biopsy or prostatectomy. The images were evaluated by three readers who were blinded to patient data. The inter-observer agreement was analyzed with Cohen’s weighted kappa statistics.
Results: 74 lesions were detected in 46 patients among 65 patients. When a PI-RADS assessment category ≥3 (K value, 0.406-0.632) was considered positive for CS PC for readers, higher sensitivity, lower specificity and lower agreement was found than PI-RADS ≥4 (K value, 0.545-0.667). The sensitivity and specificity of index lesion detection ranged from 71.8%-90.6%, 60.6%-72.7%, respectively. We found moderate to substantial agreement for index lesion detection. The agreement of PZ lesions was higher than TZ lesions. The agreement in DWI scores was higher than the agreement in T2 scores between readers.
Conclusion: By using PI-RADS v2, high sensitivity but moderate specificity was found in detection of index lesion. The agreement in PI-RADS category assignment was moderate among readers. The agreement and sensitivity in threshold of PI-RADS 4 was higher than PI-RADS 3. TZ lesions showed more variability among radiologists than PZ lesions by using PI-RADS v2.
Bilayer repair technique with mesh in petit lumbar hernia
Authors: TOPCU Ramazan , SEZİKLİ İsmail , TOPÇU Hülya 
Published: November 2021

Aim: Lumbar hernias are rare; Petit’s lumbar hernia (PLH), which is among them, is a rarer hernia type. Surgical repair is a standard treatment after the diagnosis of lumbar hernia. Controversy continues regarding the surgical technique of repairing Petit’s lumbar hernia. With this study, we aim to share short term results we obtained from the application of bilayer repair technique with mesh (BRTM), which is a new method in petit lumbar hernia treatment.
Material and Method: Five patients who were diagnosed with lumbar hernia and treated between 2017 and 2020 were examined retrospectively.
Results: Most patients consisted of women (n=4). The mean age was 58.2 years. As for the etiological reason of the disease, 3 patients were trauma-related and 2 patients were previous operations-related. The petit lumbar hernia defect diameter was 6.42. In all patients, BRTM was used. The mean length of hospitalization was 3.6 days. The mean follow-up duration was 13.8 months. There was no recurrence in any of the patients after follow-up.
Conclusion: PLH requires a difficult management from diagnosis to treatment. Thanks to such a strong BRTM, not merely tissue integrity can be ensured, but also anatomical structures will become more organized, and intra-abdominal pressure will be evenly distributed to the preperitoneal area, creating a suspensory mechanism, also, since recurrence will be minimized, we predict that the surgery operation can be performed safely through BRTM in petit lumbar hernia. To support this technique, long-term follow-up and multi-centered studies are necessary.
Stellar Gravitational Lens Engineering for Interstellar Communication and Artifact SETI
Authors: Kerby Stephen , Wright Jason T. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Several recent works have proposed a “stellar relay” transmission system in which a spacecraft at the focus of a star’s gravitational lens achieves dramatic boosts in the gain of an outgoing or incoming interstellar transmission. We examine some of the engineering requirements of a stellar relay system, evaluate the long-term sustainability of a gravitational relay, and describe the perturbations and drifts that must be actively countered to maintain a relay-star-target alignment. The major perturbations on a relay-Sun-target alignment are the inwards gravity of the Sun and the reflex motion of the Sun imparted by the planets. These ∼m s−1 yr−1 accelerations can be countered with modern propulsion systems over century-long timescales. This examination is also relevant for telescope designs aiming to use the Sun as a focusing element. We additionally examine prospects for an artifact SETI search to observe stellar relays placed around the Sun by an extraterrestrial intelligence and suggest certain nearby stars that are relatively unperturbed by planetary systems as favorable nodes for a stellar relay communications system.