bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency of postoperative complications and level of quality of life in breast cancer patients during constructive plastic surgery depending on the type of implant
Authors: Monogarova M. A. , Isich B. N. , Brosse A. V. , Istranov A. L. , Ivanov D. O. , Nasyrov R. A. , Gorlanov I. A. , Bit-Sava E. M. 
Published: December 2024

Background. In recent years, the availability of reconstructive plastic surgery has reached a new level. when performing an oncological operation, the question arises about choosing further reconstruction tactics: through one-stage or through delayed reconstruction. In the vast majority of cases, tissue expanders/implants are used for simultaneous breast reconstruction, but it is still unclear which allograft allows achieving the best aesthetic results of the operation without increasing the incidence of postoperative complications. In this review, we assessed the impact of the type of implant on aesthetic satisfaction with the result of reconstruction and the incidence of postoperative complications in patients with breast cancer.Aim. To evaluate the impact of the type of implant during reconstruction on the risk of postoperative complications and quality of life in patients with breast cancer.Materials and methods. A search for relevant sources was carried out in PubMed, MedLine, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, Cyber Leninka, SpringerLink, e-Library, publications from 2010 to 2022 were studied, with an analysis of the evidence-based experimental and clinical base on the most modern issues breast reconstruction. Results. Having analyzed articles published over the past 15 years, we can clearly conclude that performing reconstructive plastic surgery in patients with breast cancer using various types of implants improves the quality of life and improves the aesthetic result of reconstruction according to the BREAST-Q questionnaire, regardless of the type and type of implant used.Conclusion. The use of anatomical implants in breast reconstruction compared to round ones reduces the risk of rupture, rippling, and the frequency of symmetrizing operations, but increases the risk of infectious complications and repeated operations to replace/remove the implant. The use of textured implants reduces the incidence of capsular contracture relative to smooth ones. High satisfaction with the aesthetic outcome of reconstruction, as measured by the BREAST-Q questionnaire in patients with silicone implants, is not equivalent to an improvement in general health status (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire 30).
Features of albino rats and Wistar rats as biomodels for preclinical research
Authors: Treshchalin M. I. , Polozkova V. A. , Yazeryan S. G. , Pereverzeva E. R. 
Published: December 2024

Background. In the experimental study of potential medicines, animal studies are of the greatest prognostic importance. Domestic authors performed most of the experimental toxicological work on rats of outbred colonies (mongrel (albino) and wistar). The variability of numerous literature data obtained over a long time range on the physiological parameters of mongrel rats and wistar rats indicates the need for their comparative characteristics in one study.Aim. To evaluate the main indicators for wistar and albino rats used in assessing the acute and chronic toxicity of pharmaceutical compounds and to determine the physiological characteristics of the animals in these colonies.Materials and methods. Female albino and wistar rats of the same age were used in the experiment. The animals were kept in the same conditions according to international ethical standards. The condition, behavior, body weight, peripheral blood parameters, feed intake, daily diuresis, neurological reactions, mass coefficients of internal organs were evaluated.It was found that in wistar rats, body weight increases significantly more slowly, its weekly increase is ≈4–5 %, in Albino ≈10 %. The number of red blood cells and hemoglobin levels are significantly lower, the volume of red blood cells is larger, and the hemoglobin content is higher for Albino rats. For wistar, an increased level of anxiety in the open field test and a lower variability of the arithmetic mean error were demonstrated.Conclusion. The features of the physiological parameters of the studied colonies of mongrel rats are within the reference intervals. The choice in favor of Albino rats or wistar rats in modeling preclinical experiments depends on the type and objectives of the study. when studying the neurotoxicity of drugs, the increased anxiety level of wistar rats should be taken into account.
“When a Lipan Woman Refuses Extinction”: Margo Tamez’s Dissidence against Settler-Colonial Violence at the U.S. | Mexico Border
Authors: Bańka Ewelina 
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the collection of poetry, Father | Genocide, by Lipan Apache poet, hersorian, and activist Margo Tamez. The work represents Tamez’s critique of border politics in the Texas-Mexico border region rooted in settler-colonial genocidal practices that have fragmented and traumatized generations of the Lipan Apaches and violently exploited their traditional lands. The border wall imagery remains central in the book and is used by the poet to demonstrate that the colossal structure is not only a material barrier but a manifestation of the ongoing physical, ideological, cultural, and psychosocial oppression. Truthing about the Lipan Apache peoples’ resilient existence in the shadow of the wall, Tamez creates a poetic story in which she restores, nurtures, and celebrates her people’s body, mind, and spirit. In so doing, she continues the role of Nde´ isdza´ ne´ (the People-Women)—traditional law-keepers who have governed, protected, and chronicled the life of Lipan Apache communities for generations.
INKUIRI TERBIMBING DAN PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS SISWA SMA PADA MATERI ASAM BASA
Authors: Farida Laila , Fahmi Fahmi 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatan aktivitas siswa, keterampilan proses sains siswa dan ketuntasan belajar siswa pada materi asam basa. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian tindakkan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Masing-masing siklus terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan evaluasi serta analisis dan refleksi. Siklus I diadakan tiga kali pertemuan dan siklus II diadakan dua kali pertemuan. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI IPA 3 SMA Negeri 3 Banjarmasin yang berjumlah 37 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Penerapan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dapat meningkatkan aktivitas siswa pada siklus I dengan kriteria baik meningkat pada siklus II dengan kriteria sangat baik (2) Penerapan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dapat meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains siswa pada siklus I sebesar 72% dengan kriteria baik dan pada siklus II sebesar 95,84% dengan kriteria istimewa (3) Penerapan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dapat meningkatkan ketuntasan belajar siswa pada materi asam sebesar 72,97%, yaitu dari 27,03% pada siklus I menjadi 100% pada siklus II.Kata kunci: Inkuiri terbimbing, keterampilan proses sains, asam basa. This study aims to improve student activity, students' science process skills and students' learning completeness in acid-base material. This study uses a classroom action research design implemented in 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, action implementation, observation and evaluation stages, and analysis and reflection. Cycle I was held in three meetings and cycle II was held in two meetings. The subjects of the study were 37 students of class XI IPA 3 of SMA Negeri 3 Banjarmasin. Data collection techniques used observation, interview, and test techniques. The results of the study showed that (1) The application of the guided inquiry learning model can increase student activity in cycle I with good criteria increasing in cycle II with very good criteria (2) The application of the guided inquiry learning model can increase students' science process skills in cycle I by 72% with good criteria and in cycle II by 95.84% with excellent criteria (3) The application of the guided inquiry learning model can increase students' learning completeness in acid material by 72.97%, namely from 27.03% in cycle I to 100% in cycle II.Keywords: Guided inquiry, science process skills, acids bases.
Formulasi dan Uji Antioksidan Sediaan Krim Ekstrak Etanol Daun Menteng (Baccaurea Racemosa) sebagai Pelembab Kulit
Authors: Sitompul Rowina Trinida , Sudewi Sudewi , Febriani Yessi , Ginting Ernawaty 
Published: December 2024

Kosmetik sudah menjadi kebutuhan bagi kalangan wanita karena meningkatkan kepercayaan diri. Namun bahan berbahaya juga sering digunakan dalam pembuatan kosmetik sehingga menimbulkan kerusakan pada kulit. Daun menteng dengan nama latin Baccaurea racemosa mengandung metabolit sekunder yang bermanfaat bagi kulit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memformulasikan ekstrak daun menteng sebagai sediaan krim pelembab dengan konsentrasi tertentu. Daun menteng dimaserasi dengan etanol 96% dan ditentukan metabolit sekunder yang terkandung. Kemudian diformulasikan menjadi sediaan krim dengan konsentrasi 1,5%, 2% dan 3% dan dilakukan pemeriksaan mutu fisik sediaan yang meliputi uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji tipe emulsi, uji stabilitas, uji iritasi, uji efektivitas kelembaban dan uji aktivitas antioksidan. Hasil rendemen yang diperoleh sebesar 14%. Metabolit sekunder yang teridentifikasi adalah alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin dan terpenoid. Sediaan krim dengan konsentrasi 3% yang terbaik karena homogen dan stabil. Sediaan tersebut tidak mengiritasi kulit karena pH sediaan sesuai dengan pH kulit. Kemampuan dalam melembapkan kulit sebesar 97% dan nilai IC50 sebesar 35,67 ppm. Jadi, ekstrak daun menteng bisa diformulasikan ke dalam sediaan krim yang berpotensi sebagai pelembab kulit tanpa menimbulkan iritasi. Kata Kunci: Antioksidan, Daun Menteng, Krim, Pelembab, IC50 Cosmetics have become a necessity for women because they increase their confidence. However, harmful ingredients are also often used in the manufacture of cosmetics so that they cause damage to the skin. Menteng leaves with the Latin name Baccaurea racemosa contain secondary metabolites that are beneficial to the skin. The purpose of this study is to formulate menteng leaf extract as a moisturizing cream preparation with a certain concentration. Menteng leaves macerated with 96% ethanol and determined the skunder metabolites contained. Then it is formulated into cream preparations with concentrations of 1.5%, 2% and 3% and physical quality checks of the preparation are carried out which include homogeneity tests, pH tests, emulsion type tests, stability tests, irritation tests, moisture effectiveness tests and antioxidant activity tests. The yield obtained is 14%. The secondary metabolites identified were alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. Cream preparations with a concentration of 3% are best because they are homogeneous and stable. The preparation does not irritate the skin because the pH of the preparation is in accordance with the pH of the skin. The ability to moisturize the skin by 97% and IC50 value of 35.67 ppm. So, menteng leaf extract can be formulated into cream preparations that have the potential to moisturize the skin without causing irritation.
Sacroiliac Joint: Function, Pathology, Treatment, and Contribution to Outcomes in Spine and Hip Surgery
Authors: Horton Isabel , McDonald Jennifer , Verhaegen Jeroen , Dobransky Simon , Rakhra Kawan S. , Phan Philippe , Lazennec Jean Yves , Grammatopoulos George 
Published: December 2024

➢ Low back pain has a lifetime incidence of up to 84% and represents the leading cause of disability in the United States; 10% to 38% of cases can be attributed to sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction as an important pain generator.➢ Physical examination of the SIJ, including >1 provocation test (due to their moderate sensitivity and specificity) and examination of adjacent joints (hip and lumbar spine) should be routinely performed in all patients presenting with low back, gluteal, and posterior hip pain.➢ Radiographic investigations including radiographs, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging with protocols optimized for the visualization of the SIJs may facilitate the diagnosis of common pathologies.➢ Intra-articular injections with anesthetic can be helpful in localizing the source of low back pain. Over-the-counter analgesics, physiotherapy, intra-articular injections, radiofrequency ablation, and surgery are all management options and should be approached from the least invasive to the most invasive to minimize the risks of complications.➢ Lumbar fusion surgery predisposes patients to more rapid SIJ degeneration and can also result in more rapid degenerative changes in the hip joints, especially with SIJ fusion.➢ Hip surgery, including hip arthroplasty and preservation surgery, is not a risk factor for SIJ degeneration, although reduced outcomes following hip surgery can be seen in patients with degenerative SIJ changes.
Experimental Study of Three-Phase Slug Flow in Horizontal Pipes Downstream of a Restriction
Authors: Zhou Denghong , Karatayev Kanat , Fan Yilin , Straiton Benjamin , Marashdeh Qussai 
Published: December 2024

Summary
Gas-oil-water three-phase flow is a common phenomenon in the petroleum industry, especially as the oil fields age and water production becomes inevitable. While extensive research has been conducted on gas-liquid two-phase flow, the understanding of gas-oil-water flow remains limited, particularly considering the intricate mixing dynamics between the water and oil phases due to their low interfacial tension (IFT). It is anticipated that the oil-water flow pattern in gas-oil-water three-phase flow can impact the overall pressure drop. We experimentally investigated this phenomenon in a horizontal pipe equipped with a valve that controlled the phase mixing. Restrictions like chokes are commonly utilized in transportation systems for a variety of reasons, such as regulating pressure or flow rates, to ensure safe transportation and meet facility requirements. However, further understanding of their impacts on three-phase flow behavior is still needed. We systematically investigate this issue in this study. The experiments were carried out in a flow loop featuring a 45-ft-long, 2.067-in. horizontal pipe, with a 2-in. ball valve installed at the inlet of the test section. Flow patterns, phase distributions, and pressure drop were measured 123 pipe diameters downstream of the valve in the test section. A high-speed camera and an electrical capacitance volume tomography (ECVT) system were used in the experimental study. Various tests were conducted to systematically study the impact of oil-water flow patterns on the downstream fluid flow behaviors for gas-oil-water three-phase slug flow at different choke openings, water cuts, and flow rate conditions.
Spatial Dependency of Clogged Throats in Porous Media: A Microscale Investigation
Authors: Elrahmani Ahmed , Al-Raoush Riyadh I. 
Published: December 2024

Summary
The understanding of clogging, a pivotal process causing permeability reduction in natural porous media, holds significant implications for the dynamics of subsurface fluid flow. The existing literature falls short in providing comprehensive insights into the nonrandom development of clogging, primarily attributed to the use of simplified pore systems, fragmented understanding of the mechanisms, and a restricted exploration of diverse porous media conditions. This study aims to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of clogging phenomena by specifically validating the hypothesis that clogging events in one throat trigger a spatially dependent influence, thereby enhancing the likelihood of similar occurrences in neighboring throats. To accomplish this, we use robust statistical testing methods to rigorously examine and validate the proposed hypothesis. The research, characterizing two distinct mechanisms for clogging development (i.e., changes in flow path and pore filling), aims to identify governing parameters that dictate their prevalence under varied conditions. Utilizing a pretrained machine learning model (MLM), we classified clogged throats in natural porous media images, predicting clogging pore volumes (PVs) and resulting permeability reduction. Fifty MLM simulations systematically explored porous media geometry impacts, using Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) for key parameter values. Findings reveal spatial correlation between clogged throats, suggesting dependent clogging near each other simultaneously. Hydrophysical parameters, represented by Stokes number, and pore aspect ratio, play a pivotal role in determining the shift between dependent clogging mechanisms. The fine particles’ ability to change direction significantly influences observed clogging behaviors. Examining permeability reduction showcases higher impacts from the pore filling mechanism compared with changes in flow path. This investigation provides valuable insights into spatial correlations, dependent clogging mechanisms, and their effects on permeability in natural porous media, shedding light on crucial factors influencing fluid flow in subsurface formations.
Direct Repair Versus TLIF for Low-grade Isthmic Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Gao Yongjian , Zhao Chen , Li Pei , Luo Lei , Liu Liehua , Liang Lichuan , Zhou Qiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Spinalfusion has shown satisfactory efficacy in the treatment of adult patients with low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis (LGIS), however, the efficacy of direct repair (DR) for LGIS has not been established, and there is as yet a few reports on it.
Objective: To assess the clinical efficacy of DR with the pedicle screw-rod-hook (PSRH) fixation and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in adult patients with symptomatic LGIS.
Methods: A total of 140 adult patients with LGIS were enrolled from April 2009 to December 2018, of whom, 69 cases underwent DR using the PSRH system and 71 cases underwent TLIF, with clinical efficacy evaluated comparatively using clinical and radiological assessments.
Results: The patients in both groups showed satisfactory pain relief efficacy and improvement in lumbar spine function. Bone fusion rate was 97.10% in the DR group vs. 100% in the TLIF group. The range of motion (ROM) of the surgical segment was significantly decreased from 13.72±6.73 preoperatively to 11.60±9.70 at the final follow-up (FFU) in the DR group and lost in the TLIF group, however, that of the upper intervertebral space (UIS)in each group or between groups before and after operation did not differ significantly.
Conclusion: Both DR and TLIF are effective for adult patients with LGIS. As compared with TLIF, DR is more effective in preserving the ROM of the operative segment yet with less impact on adjacent segments.
Within-session propulsion asymmetry changes have a limited effect on gait asymmetry post-stroke
Authors: Kettlety Sarah A. , Finley James M , Leech Kristan A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background.
Biomechanical gait impairments, such as reduced paretic propulsion, are common post-stroke. Studies have used biofeedback to increase paretic propulsion and reduce propulsion asymmetry, but it is unclear if these changes impact overall gait asymmetry. There is an implicit assumption that reducing propulsion asymmetry will improve overall gait symmetry, as paretic propulsion has been related to numerous biomechanical impairments. However, no work has investigated the impact of reducing propulsion asymmetry on overall gait asymmetry. We aimed to understand how within-session changes in propulsion asymmetry affect overall gait asymmetry, operationalized as the combined gait asymmetry metric (CGAM). We hypothesized that decreasing propulsion asymmetry would reduce CGAM. Methods. Participants completed twenty minutes of biofeedback training designed to increase paretic propulsion. We calculated the change in propulsion asymmetry magnitude (Δ|PA|) and the change in CGAM (ΔCGAM) during biofeedback relative to baseline. Then, we fit a robust linear mixed-effects model with ΔCGAM as the outcome and a fixed effect for Δ|PA|. Results. We found a positive association between Δ|PA| and ΔCGAM (β = 2.6, p = 0.002). The average Δ|PA| was − 0.09, suggesting that, on average, we would expect a CGAM change of 0.2, which is 0.5% of the average baseline CGAM value. Conclusions. Reducing propulsive asymmetry using biofeedback is unlikely to produce substantial reductions in overall gait asymmetry, suggesting that biofeedback-based approaches to reduce propulsion asymmetry may need to be combined with other interventions to improve overall gait asymmetry. Clinical Trial Registration. NCT04411303.
CGRPβ suppresses the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis via the immunoproteasome
Authors: Shibao Tatsuya , Hase Hiroaki , Mizokami Kodai , Usui Atsushi , Kitae Kaori , Ueda Yuko , Jingushi Kentaro , Tsujikawa Kazutake 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Various factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), with immune system failure being the most important one. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a neuropeptide with two isoforms, CGRPα and CGRPβ, has been reported to regulate the immune system. In this study, we investigated the role of CGRP isoforms in UC pathogenesis. We induced UC-like symptoms in CGRPα and CGRPβ knockout (KO) mice using dextran sulphate sodium. Compared to wild-type and CGRPα KO mice, CGRPβ-deficient mice exhibited severe symptoms with increased blood in the stool and diarrhoea. Proteome analysis revealed significant up-regulation of immune-related proteins and immunoproteasome components in CGRPβ-deficient mice, suggesting that an enhanced immune response contributes to the severity of this disease. Treatment with ONX-0914, an immunoproteasome inhibitor, markedly improved these symptoms, highlighting the role of the immunoproteasome in exacerbating UC. This study provides the first evidence that CGRPβ protects against UC by modulating immune responses, particularly those mediated by the immunoproteasome. Our findings suggest that functional differences in CGRP isoforms may influence the severity and management of UC. This insight into the neuro-immune mechanism of UC opens avenues for novel therapies that address both the neural and immune aspects of this disease.