bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Potential Suitable Distribution of Original Species of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus in China Under Climate Change Scenarios
Authors: Liu Lei , Zhang Yuanyuan , Huang Yi , Zhang Jindong , Mou Qiuyu , Qiu Jianyue , Wang Rulin , Li Yujie , Zhang Dequan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus (FCB) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine, mainly used for relieving cough and resolving phlegm. According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020), the medicine comes from dried bulbs of five species and one variety in Fritillaria. Due to climate change and human disturbance, the wild resources have become critically endangered in recent years. Following three climate change scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) under 2050s and 2070s, geographic information technology (GIS) and maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) were used to simulate the ecological suitability of FCB, a third-grade rare and endangered medicinal plant species. The results showed that the key environmental variables affecting the distribution of were altitude, human activity intensity, and mean temperature of coldest quarter. Under current climate situation, the highly suitable areas were mainly located in the east of Qinghai Tibet Plateau, including Western Sichuan, southeastern Tibet, southern Gansu, Northwestern Yunnan and Eastern Qinghai, with a total area of 31.47×104 km2, the area within the nature reserve was 7.13×104 km2, indicating that there was a large protection gap. Under the future climate change scenarios, the areas of the highly and poorly suitable areas of FCB showed a decreasing trend, while the areas of the moderately and total suitable areas showed a increasing trend. The geometric center of the total suitable area of the medicine will move to the northwest. The results could provide a strategic guidance for protection，development and utilization of FCB though its prediction of potential distribution based on the key variables of climate change.
The Pain of Breathing: How Does Haze Pollution Affect Urban Innovation?
Authors: feng wei , yuan hang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Innovation plays an important role in achieving green-growth economic development in China, while the spread of haze pollution (also called smog) inhibits innovation activities. Using panel data on 265 cities at the prefecture level in China from 2001 to 2016, this paper investigates the relationship between haze pollution and urban innovation. The conclusions are as follows. First, haze pollution has a significant inhibitory effect on urban innovation. After we consider endogeneity, eliminate extreme values, and incorporate spatial correlation, we find that the negative impact of haze pollution on urban innovation still exists. Second, the channels through which haze pollution affects urban innovation can mainly be attributed to population density, the size of the home market, and economic activity. Third, among the different regions in China, the inhibitory effect of haze pollution on innovation is the most serious in the eastern region, followed by the central and western regions. Moreover, across diverse Chinese cities, the significant inhibitory effects of haze pollution on innovation are mainly in cities that are not provincial capitals and resource-based cities. Accordingly, efficient management of haze pollution is a critical prerequisite and effective guarantee for improving urban innovation.JEL codes: K32; O13; O31; R11
Removal of Phenol From Wastewater by High-Gravity Intensified Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation With Activated Carbon
Authors: zhang jingwen , shao shengjuan , ding xin , li zhixing , jing jiaxin , jiao weizhou , liu youzhi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study, the high-gravity technique is used to intensify the heterogeneous catalytic ozonation with activated carbon (AC) as the catalyst for removal of phenol from wastewater in a rotating packed bed (RPB), and the effects of high-gravity factor, inlet O3 concentration, liquid-gas ratio and initial pH on the degradation and mineralization of phenol at room temperature are investigated. It is revealed that the degradation rate of phenol reaches 100% at 10 min and the removal rate of total organic carbon (TOC) reaches 91% at 40 min under the conditions of high-gravity factor β=40, inlet O3 concentration =90 mg·L-1, liquid flow rate =80 L·h-1 and initial pH=11. Compared with the bubbling reactor (BR)/O3/AC and RPB/O3 systems, the mineralization rate of phenol by the RPB/O3/AC system is increased by 24.78% and 34.77%, respectively. Free radical quenching experiments are performed using tertiary butanol (TBA) and benzoquinone(BQ) as scavengers of ·OH and O2·−, respectively. It is shown that the degradation and mineralization of phenol are respectively attributed to the direct ozonation and the indirect oxidation by ·OH generated from the decomposition of O3 adsorbed on AC surface. •OH and O2•− are also detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Thus, it is concluded that AC-catalyzed ozonation and high gravity technique had a synergistic effect on •OH initiation, which in turn can significantly improve the degradation and mineralization of organic wastewater.
Information System as Part of Epidemic Management in Burkina Faso: From Plan to Reality (Field Findings)
Authors: Diallo Cheick Omar , Schioler Karin Linda , Samuelsen Helle , Drabo Maxime Koine 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Health information systems (HIS) in most developing countries face many challenges. In view of recurrent weaknesses in preparedness and response during the management of epidemics, we have examined the organization and function of the health information system in Burkina Faso.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from January 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020 including a review of HIS documents, key informant interviews and direct observations. The study was conducted at the public primary health care (PHC) and community level of Bama and Soumagou in the rural health districts of Dandé and Tenkodogo. Study participants included community-based health workers (CBHWs) and health workers in the PHCs area, community-based organization animators (CBOA), CBO monitoring-evaluation officers and members of the District management team (DMT).Results: While reporting forms used in all health facilities are standardized, they are not necessarily well understood at community level and at the health center. Reports prepared by CBHWs are often delayed by the head nurse at the primary health care service. Case definitions of epidemic diseases are not always well understood by community-based health workers and front-line health workers.Conclusion: The health information system in Burkina Faso could be further improved. There is a need to hold regular training/refresher sessions for agents involved in surveillance and to ensure the development of simplified case definitions for emerging diseases and/or diseases of public health interest for community use. Furthermore, existing epidemic management committees need to be revitalize.
Water Supply Services in Spanish Cities and the Debate on Private Participation in Their Management: Which Model is Most Efficient?
Authors: Sevilla-Jimenez Martín , Torregrosa Teresa , López-Milla Julian , Perles-Ribes Jose 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Supplying water to the population is one of the fundamental services of any Spanish city given the importance of the good itself, regardless of how it is managed. However, it is sometimes seen more as a source of extra finance for the municipality, and, in recent years, as an issue of political debate in terms of the adequacy of one form of management or another: public or private. Currently, 35% of Spain's population is supplied by public specialised entities, 33% by private companies under a concession contract, 22% by mixed companies and 10% by undifferentiated municipal services. In simple terms, 45% corresponds to public management and 55% is fully or partially managed by the private sector. By analysing the annual accounts of the companies that operate in the Spain's principal municipalities, this study seeks to determine the role played by the private sector in the management of the mixed companies. Due to the diversity of services provided by these companies and the lack of differentiated statistics for each of them, we have used the Annual Accounts presented to the Central Mercantile Register or the data submitted to the Ministry of Finance in order to assess the influence of private participation on the results of the companies.
Sero-survey on Long-term Care Facility Residents Reveals Increased Risk of Sub-optimal Antibody Response to BNT162B2: Implications for Breakthrough Prevention
Authors: Caimi Barbara , Franzetti Marco , Velleca Rossella , Lai Alessia , Gatti Antonella , Luigi Rossi Pier , D'Orso Marco , Pregliasco Fabrizio , Balotta Claudia , Calicchio Giuseppe 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 on hosts of Long Term Care Facilities (LTCFs) has been dramatic at global scale as aging and comorbitities pose individuals at increased risk of severe disease and death. Methods: Aim of this study was to evaluate SARS-CoV-2 S-IgG antibodies titers in 478 residents and 649 health care workers of the largest Italian nurse facility two months after the complete vaccination with BNT162B2. Associations among host-related factors and predictors of humoral response were investigated. Results: By stratifying levels of humoral responses, we found that 62.1%, 21.6%, 12.1% and 4.2% of hosts has high (>1,000 BAU/ml), medium (101-1,000), low (1-100) and null (<1 BAU/mL) S-IgG titers, respectively. Hosts with previous COVID-19 and those with SARS-CoV-2 N-IgG positive serology showed higher level of serological response (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively), while the administration of corticosteroid or cancer diminished all levels of specific antibodies (p=0.019 and p=0.004). Significant associations were observed for these parameters in those with suboptimal response (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.028 and p=0.005) and with a null one (p=0.005, p<0.001 and p=0.039). Predictors of an increased risk of null response were advanced age, corticosteroid therapy and diabetes mellitus (p=0.025, p=0.017 and p=0.037). In contrast, previous diagnosis of COVID-19 resulted strongly associated with a reduced risk of null response to vaccination (p<0.001). Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in elderly individuals need to be measured to consider a third dose of vaccine after mass vaccination for prevention of reinfections in LTCFs despite the maintenance of barrier measures.
The Efficacy of Low-dose Aspirin in Pregnancy Among Women in Malaria-endemic Countries
Authors: Bauserman Melissa , Leuba Sequoia , Hemingway-Foday Jennifer , Nolen Tracy L. , Moore Janet , McClure Elizabeth M. , Lokangaka Adrien , Tsehfu Antoinette , Patterson Jackie , Liechty Edward , Esamai Fabian , Carlo Wally , Chomba Elwyn , Goldenberg Robert L. , Saleem Sarah , Jesani Saleem , Koso-Thomas Marion , Hoffman Matthew , Derman Richard , Meshnick Steve , Bose Carl 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLow dose aspirin (LDA) is an effective strategy to reduce preterm birth. However, LDA might have differential effects globally, based on the etiology of preterm birth. In some regions, malaria in pregnancy could be an important modifier of LDA on birth outcomes and anemia. MethodsThis is a sub-study of the ASPIRIN trial, a multi-national, randomized, placebo controlled trial evaluating LDA effect on preterm birth. We enrolled a convenience sample of women in the ASPIRIN trial from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Kenya and Zambia. We used quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect malaria. We calculated crude prevalence proportion ratios (PRs) for LDA by malaria for outcomes, and regression modelling to evaluate effect measure modification. We evaluated hemoglobin in late pregnancy based on malaria infection in early pregnancy.Results1,446 women were analyzed, with a malaria prevalence of 63% in the DRC site, 38% in the Kenya site, and 6% in the Zambia site. Preterm birth occurred in 83 (LDA) and 90 (placebo) women, (PR 0.92, 95% CI 0.70, 1.22), without interaction between LDA and malaria (p=0.75). Perinatal mortality occurred in 41 (LDA) and 43 (placebo) pregnancies, (PR 0.95, 95% CI 0.63, 1.44), with an interaction between malaria and LDA (p=0.014). Hemoglobin was similar by malaria and LDA status.ConclusionsMalaria in early pregnancy did not modify the effects of LDA on preterm birth, but modified the effect of LDA on perinatal mortality. This effect measure modification deserves continued study as LDA is used in malaria endemic regions.
Evaluating The Performance of Nutrients Uptake Capabilities and Enzymatic Activities in The Different Green Manures
Authors: Solangi Farheen , Gao Songjuan , Solangi Kashif , Cao Weidong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Winter green manure potentially uptake large amount of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) from the soil. However, the mechanism underlying nutrient uptake in green manure varieties remain elusive. This study illustrates the P and K uptake potential in different leguminous and non-leguminous species through integrated approaches. The designed studies evaluated the 10 green manure crops included five leguminous species (i.e smooth vetch hairy vetch, common vetch, lathyrus sativus, and milk vetch) and five non-leguminous species (i.e February orchid, chinese radish, forage radish, rapeseed and ryegrass) were planted. Experimental results indicated that the smooth vetch had highest P and K uptake capabilities among all leguminous species. While, rapeseed and chinese radish greatly P and K obtain among all non-leguminous treatments. Therefore various species also affected soil P and K availability and soil enzymes. Soil enzymatic activities including phosphatase (150.7%) and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (95.4%) were elevated in lathryus sativus compared to the hairy vetch and common vetch respectively. The highest β-glucosidase (95.2%) and leucine-aminopeptidase (107.6%) activities accumulated in lathyrus sativus greater than the smooth vetch in all legumes species. In non-leguminous treatments phosphatase (500.5%), β-glucosidase (424.4%), and N-acetylglucosaminidase (256.3%) activities were improved in chinese radish as compared to the rapeseed. In constrast ryegrass was promoted greatest leucine-aminopeptidase activity by 182.7% higher than forage radish. However soil enzymes significanlty improve soil nutrient status. As a conclusion smooth vetch, rapeseed, and Chinese radish varieties have more P and K obtain capacity and forage radish could enhance soil enzyme activities. It is suggested these varieties might be a better choice in green manuring practice for improving nutrient management and soil nutrient quality in agro-ecosystems.
MPO-ANCA-Positive Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis With Elevated Serum IgG4: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Authors: Gao Zhaoli , Hu Zhao , Gao Yanxia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: We report a case of serum myeloperoxidase (MPO)-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-positive hypertrophic pachymeningitis with elevated serum immunoglobulin G (IgG)4.Case presentation: He was a 67-year-old man who appeared headache and hearing loss 7 years ago. He was treated with methylprednisolone and mycophenolate when he was diagnosed with hypertrophic pachymeningitis 2 years ago. He went to the hospital this time because of fatigue and appetite, the results of his blood tests indicated a progressive increase in creatinine and an increase in MPO and IgG4. His kidney biopsy revealed very few infiltrating IgG4-positive cells. Instead, fibrinoid necrosis of arterioles was observed. Considering the clinical process and these findings, the disease was considered more likely to be ANCA-associated hypertrophic pachymeningitis with elevated serum IgG4 level.Conclusions: Our case highlights the importance of the pathological examination and the medical history. Pathological examination and previous medical history play an essential role in the diagnosis of the disease. Only when the disease is correctly diagnosed can it be further treated effectively and get a better prognosis.Data Sources: Data were collected from the patient’s electronic medical records and the hospital laboratory medicine database.
Low-dose Radiation Treatment for Painful Heel Spur: a Highly Effective Therapy With Little Side Effects
Authors: Njanang Freddy-Joel Djiepmo , Tamaskovics Balint , Boelke Edwin , Peiper Matthias , Haussmann Jan , Neuwahl Judith , Jazmati Danny , Maas Kitti , Schmidt Livia , Gelzhaeusser Romans , Schleich Christiph , Orth Klaus , Corradini Stefanie , Griensven Martijn van , Rezazadeh Amir , Karimi Kimian , Budach Wilfried , Matuschek Christiane 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aim: Evaluation of pain reduction using orthovolt or cobalt-based radiation treatment for painful heel spurs and determination of long-term response as well as prognostic parameters.Methods: We identified a total of 102 consecutive patients treated for a total of 117 symptomatic heel spurs. 59 patients were treated with cobalt radiation, 31 patients with orthovolt therapy and 12 patients with both radiation systems. Pain reduction was scored using the modified Rowe-Score prior therapy, at the end of each treatment series as well as after 6 weeks and at the time of data collection. Long-term outcome was evaluated in patients with a follow-up period of longer than three years. Results: Before radiation therapy, 61 patients (60.4%) had a score of 0, significant strong pain. At the time of completion of radiation treatment, 3 patients (2.7%) were pain free (score of 30), whereas 8 patients (7.9%) had still severe pain (score 0). 6 weeks after radiation therapy, 33 patients (32.7%) were pain-free and 8 patients (7.9%) had severe pain (score 0), while at the time data of collection, 74 patients (73%) were free of pain and 1 patient (1%) had strong pain (score 0). Duration of pain before the start of radiation treatment was a significant prognostic factor (p=0.012) for response to treatment. Hier noch etwas über die Nebenwirkungen schreiben? Darauf gehen wir in der Conclusion ja ein.Conclusion: Radiotherapy of painful heel spurs is a highly effective therapy with little side effects providing long-term therapeutic response. The only significant prognostic parameter for response to treatment is the duration of pre-radiation therapy pain. Early integration of radiation therapy in the treatment seems to result in superior pain reduction.
MicroRNAs as Potential Indicators of the Development and Progression of Uterine Leiomyoma
Authors: Kim Myungshin , Kwon Mi Yeon , Lee HeeJeong , Kim Min Jeong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated a significant role of several microRNAs (miRs) in the development of leiomyoma. Here, we investigated miR expression profiles using microarray and found a significantly higher expression of miRs in leiomyoma than in adjacent myometrium. We also confirmed the upregulation of five selected miRs including miR-181a-5p, 127-3p, 28-3p, 30b-5p and let-7c-5p in cellular proliferation, extracellular matrix turnover, and angiogenesis by RT-qPCR. Interestingly, the miRs showed a higher expression in cases of large leiomyoma or in patients with a history of transfusion due to anemia. We then analyzed the expression of the miR target molecules including TGFBR2 and IGF2BP1 via immunohistochemistry. TGFBR2 and IGF2BP1 were positively stained in 81% and 62.5% of leiomyoma tissues but not in adjacent myometrium. Both were more frequently positive in patients with ≥ 6 cm leiomyoma and mass effect. The mean expression levels of miR-181a-5p, 127-3p, 28-3p, 30b-3p and let-7c-5p were higher in cases with TGFBR2 and IGF2BP1 positive leiomyoma. These results provide insight into the role of miRs in the development and progression of leiomyoma and underscore the need to validate their utility as diagnostic or therapeutic targets.
Fermi surface instabilities in electronic Raman scattering of the metallic kagome lattice CsV3Sb5
Authors: Wulferding Dirk , Lee Seungyeol , Choi YoungSu , Yin Qiangwei , Tu Zhijun , Gong Chunsheng , Lei Hechang , Choi K.-Y. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Understanding the link between a charge density wave (CDW) instability and superconductivity is a central theme of the 2D metallic kagome compounds AV3Sb5 (A=K, Rb, and Cs). Using polarization-resolved electronic Raman spectroscopy, we shed light on Fermi surface fluctuations and electronic instabilities. We observe a quasielastic peak (QEP) whose spectral weight is progressively enhanced towards the superconducting transition. The QEP temperature-dependence reveals a steep increase in coherent in-plane charge correlations within the charge-density phase. In contrast, out-of-plane charge fluctuations remain strongly incoherent across the investigated temperature range. In-plane phonon anomalies appear at T* ≈ 50 K in addition to right below TCDW ≈ 95 K, while showing no apparent evidence of reduced symmetry at low temperatures. In conjunction with the consecutive phonon anomalies within the CDW state, our electronic Raman data unveil additional electronic instabilities that persist down to the superconducting phase, thereby offering a superconducting mechanism.
Feasibility of Tissue Plasminogen Activator Dwell Therapy to Reduce Central Venous Catheter Associated Thrombosis: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Hanson Sheila J , Shad Sadaf , Faustino E. Vincent S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Backround: To evaluate the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the fibrinolytic tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) vs unfractionated heparin (UFH) central venous catheter (CVC) dwell therapy to reduce risk of CVC-associated deep venous thrombosis (CADVT) in critically ill children. Methods: This single center quadruple blinded pilot RCT enrolled children ≤18 years of age with CVC placed within 72 hours of admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (ICU)Weight-adjusted dose of study drug dwell (t-PA vs UFH) was installed to alternating lumen of CVC every 3 days for 10 doses, CVC removal or ICU discharge. Ultrasound with doppler was performed at study completion.Main Results: Of 426 children screened from April-Dec 2019, 86 (20%) were eligible with 20 enrolled and randomized. Primary outcome measure of enrollment rate was 23%. One child was withdrawn immediately after randomization due to development of exclusion criterion. Secondary feasibility outcome measures were proportion of children who received study drug within 24 hours of consent (100%), proportion with ultrasound (100%), and proportion completing the study (95%). Eighteen of 19 children received the first dose within 48 hours of CVC placement. All children missed some dose days because of lumen specified to be in continuous use. Median dwell time for doses received was >2 hours. There were no protocol violations. Six of 19 patients (31.6%) developed CADVT, 1 of which was occlusive. There were no catheter-associated blood stream infection or significant bleeding.Conclusion: Critically ill children requiring CVC are at high risk for CADVT. A future multicenter, blinded, RCT to determine the effectiveness of t-PA vs UFH dwell in reducing CADVT is feasible.Registered August 10, 2018 on ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03672006