bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Two Novel Host-Derived Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) Isolates Against the Citrus Pest, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae)
Authors: Cisneros Jonathan , Wendel Justin , Jaronski Stefan , Vitek Christopher , Ciomperlik Matthew , Flores Daniel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), vectors ‘Candidatus Liberibacter spp.’, the causative agent of Citrus Greening Disease (CGD) or Huanglongbing (HLB). Managing populations of psyllids in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV), TX, United States is imperative given a continuous increase in HLB-positive trees. A component of integrated pest management (IPM) program is the use of strains of entomopathogenic fungi for the biological control of D. citri. In an attempt to find endemic strains of entomopathogenic fungi that grow favorably under LRGV environmental conditions and naturally infect D. citri, psyllids were collected from local residential areas, surface sterilized, and plated on a semi-selective agar medium. Collection of over 9,300 samples from 278 sites throughout the LRGV led to the positive identification of two Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo-Crivellii) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) isolates, ACP18001 and ACP18002. Chi-square analysis of primary and secondary acquisition bioassays revealed that both field isolated strains outperformed Cordyceps (Isaria) fumosorosea (Wize) (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) Apopka97 under both primary (direct spray) and secondary acquisition (adult exposure to sprayed foliage) bioassays with ACP18002 marginally outperforming ACP18001 under secondary acquisition. Slopes of the dose response regression lines for the three fungi were not significantly different. In addition, the thermal profiles for vegetative growth of each isolate indicated that the field isolates grew at higher rates than the standard at higher temperatures. The new isolates may prove to be good candidates for the management of D. citri populations in the LRGV.
Jónsson-style canonicity in distributive modal µ-calculus
Authors: Zhao Zhiguang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the present paper, we obtain a Jónsson-style canonicity proof for the Sahlqvist fragment of distributive modal $\mu $-calculus in clopen semantics, alternative to the canonicity-via-correspondence argument in Conradie and Craig (2017, Journal of Logic and Computation, 27, 705–748), generalizing the results in Bezhanishvili and Hodkinson (2012, Theoretical Computer Science, 424, 1–19). The key ingredient of this proof is a characterization result about $\sigma $-contracting maps.
Taking back control? Rule by law(s) and the executive in the post-Brexit world
Authors: Barnard Catherine 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article argues that the current reassertion of parliamentary sovereignty is, in fact, the reassertion of the control of the executive (Whitehall), to the detriment of genuine control by parliament (Westminster). Parliament is being used to pass Acts of Parliament to take back control from the EU, but with remarkably little scrutiny. And, in that process, those Acts are being used to authorize the delegation of significant powers to the executive, largely through ‘Henry VIII’ powers. These powers enable ministers, by secondary legislation, to amend or repeal both primary and secondary legislation. Law is being used to take back control. However, the genuine democratic checks on that law are few. The result may be that taking back control from Brussels results in decisions being made by Whitehall, decisions disconnected from, in particular, the sentiments of the devolved administrations and the still large number of people who have never accepted Brexit.
Determinants of the decision to be vaccinated against COVID-19 as exemplified by employees of a long-term health care centre
Authors: Tylec Aneta , Janiszewska Mariola , Siejko Krzysztof , Kucharska Katarzyna 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionHealth care professionals cover the front line in the battle against infectious diseases. Vaccination of healthcare workers represents a vital element of the strategy for enhancing epidemic safety and improving the quality of health care, inter alia, by limiting microorganism transmission, and reducing patient morbidity and mortality.MethodThe study group consisted of all employees of the long-term health care centre in Lublin, Poland. Participants were requested to complete a questionnaire prepared for the purpose of the study, along with a mandatory COVID-19 vaccination interview questionnaire.ResultsThe vaccination coverage rate for the group of medical workers was 77.3% and of non-medical 86%. The most frequently indicated sources of information on vaccination were the mass media. Males more often than females used the press as a source of information on vaccination. Scientific articles were the most common source of information for both people with higher education and medical professionals. The most common motive for vaccination for females is concern for the health of one's family, and for HCWs and people with at least secondary education-concern for the health of patients.ConclusionAt least one assessed factor influences the decision to be vaccinated. The mass media are of the greatest importance in obtaining information about vaccination.
Longitudinal Follow-up of Preterm Breastfeeding to 12 Weeks Corrected Gestational Age
Authors: Perrella Sharon L. , Nancarrow Kathryn , Rea Alethea , Murray Kevin , Simmer Karen N. , Geddes Donna T. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Preterm infants have shorter breastfeeding duration than that of term infants. Details of postdischarge feeding methods and difficulties are needed to inform the care of preterm breastfeeding dyads.

Purpose:
To describe postdischarge breastfeeding characteristics of mother–preterm infant dyads up to 12 weeks corrected gestational age (CGA).

Methods:
A prospective observational study of preterm dyads (birth 24-33 weeks' gestation) that fed their mother's own milk (MOM) at discharge from a neonatal unit in Perth, Western Australia. Feeding method and frequency, breastfeeding duration, difficulties, and nipple shield use were recorded at 2, 6, and 12 weeks CGA.

Results:
Data were obtained for 49 mothers (singleton infant n = 39, twins n = 10). At 12 weeks CGA, 59% fed any MOM with 47% exclusively fed MOM and 31% fully breastfed. Nipple shield use reduced from 42% at 2 weeks CGA to 11% at 12 weeks CGA. Compared with mothers who exclusively fed MOM at discharge (n = 41) those who fed both MOM and infant formula (n = 8) were more likely to wean before 12 weeks CGA (P < .001). Weaning occurred before 2 weeks CGA in 12/19 (63%), with low milk supply the most frequently cited reason.

Implications for Practice:
Most mothers with a full milk supply at discharge successfully transition to predominant breastfeeding. Frequent milk removal needs to be prioritized throughout the preterm infant's hospital stay.

Implications for Research:
Examination of facilitators and barriers to early and continued frequent milk removal across the postpartum period is required to identify strategies to optimize lactation after preterm birth.
Fewer Patients per Nurse Does Not Offset Increased Nurse Stress Related to Treatment Uncertainty and Mortality in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Hagan Joseph , Walden Marlene , Brand Melinda Colleen 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Many inpatient healthcare institutions' nurse staffing plans systematically assign fewer patients to nurses when patient acuity is high, but the impact of this strategy on components of nurse stress has not been thoroughly investigated.

Purpose:
To examine the relationship between nurse-to-patient ratio assigned based on NICU patient acuity with the Nurse Stress Scale (NSS) subscales Death and Dying, Conflict with Physicians, Inadequate Preparation, Lack of Support, Conflict with Other Nurses, Work Load, and Uncertainty Concerning Treatment.

Methods:
A survey including the NSS tool items, demographic questions, and a question about nurse-to-patient ratio during the shift was administered. Cronbach's α, linear regression, and Spearman's correlation were used for data analysis.

Results:
Analysis of the 72 participating NICU nurses' survey responses showed fewer patients per nurse during the shift was negatively correlated with stress related to Death and Dying (P < .001) and Uncertainty Concerning Treatment (P = .002) subscale scores. This inverse relationship remained significant after controlling for education and years of experience.

Implications for Practice:
The observed higher stress can be inferred to be due to high patient acuity since fewer patients are assigned to nurses caring for high-acuity patients. Improvements in communication to nurses about patients' medical condition, treatment rationale, and information that should be conveyed to the family could reduce nurse stress from treatment uncertainty. Targeted education and counseling could help nurses cope with stress due to patient deaths.

Implications for Research:
Interventions to reduce stress related to treatment uncertainty and death of patients among NICU nurses caring for high-acuity infants should be developed and evaluated.
High-Frequency, Low-Dose Education to Improve Neonatal Outcomes in Low-Resource Settings
Authors: Spies Lori A. , Riley Cheryl , Nair Rakhi , Hussain Naveed , Reddy M. Padmanabh 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Annually 2.5 million infants die in the first 28 days of life, with a significant regional distribution disparity. An estimated 80% of those could be saved if neonatal resuscitation were correctly and promptly initiated. A barrier to achieving the target is the knowledge and skills of healthcare workers.

Purpose:
The objective of this cluster randomized trial was to assess the improvement and retention of resuscitation skills of nurses, midwives, and birth attendants in 2 birth centers serving 60 villages in rural India using high-frequency, low-dose training.

Results:
There was a significant difference (P < .05) between the groups in the rate of resuscitation, with 18% needing resuscitation in the control group and 6% in the intervention group. The posttest scores for knowledge retention at the final 8-month evaluation were significantly better in the intervention group than in the control group (intervention group mean rank 19.4 vs control group mean rank 10.3; P < .05). The success rate of resuscitation was not significantly different among the groups.

Implications for Practice:
Improved knowledge retention at 8 months and the lower need for resuscitation in the intervention group support the efficacy of the high-frequency, low-dose education model of teaching in this setting.

Implications for Research:
Replication of these findings in other settings with a larger population cohort is needed to study the impact of such intervention on birth outcomes in low-resource settings.
NICU Staff's Perceptions and Attitudes Toward the Family Integrated Care (FICare) Model
Authors: Tang Xiaoli , Sha Sha , Jin Qian , Lu Hong 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Family Integrated Care (FICare) is an innovative model that encourages parents to assume the role of primary caregivers during the neonatal period.

Purpose:
To conduct a survey of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses and physicians on a national scale to determine their perceptions and attitudes toward FICare.

Methods:
Data on 3 domains were collected: demographic characteristics, FICare perceptions, and attitudes. The survey included 299 NICU nurses and physicians from 31 tertiary-level NICUs across China (response rate = 96.5%).

Results:
The respondents showed a positive attitude toward implementing FICare and recognized its positive impact on infants. However, some respondents raised concerns regarding its feasibility and limitations of the NICU setting. The respondents' perceptions and attitudes of FICare varied based on their personal characteristics, such as marital status and day/night work shifts.

Implications for Practice and Research:
Most NICU nurses and physicians reported that FICare can benefit infants. Despite some constraints related to the NICU environmental conditions, most NICU leaders felt positive about implementing FICare in China. Therefore, establishing key strategies for performing FICare, selecting appropriate personnel, and educating the staff regarding FICare are useful approaches to promote FICare implementation. FICare requires the team's collaborative effort with the support of NICU leaders to overcome system and setting barriers. Nurses should serve as navigators to guide its implementation. More studies on healthcare setting policies, parents' perceptions, and approaches for healthcare professionals to perform FICare in China are required.
Standardized nCPAP Care Bundle to Decrease Days to Wean Off nCPAP
Authors: Kim-Yang Lynne , Huffman Penni 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Effective bubble nasal continuous positive airway pressure (bnCPAP) implementation is a means to maintain functional residual capacity (FRC) and avoid pulmonary morbidities in neonates.

Purpose:
A quality improvement project was introduced to establish a standardized bnCPAP care bundle.

Methods:
A bnCPAP care bundle focusing on shoulder roll use, bnCPAP positioning, assessment for suctioning need, and nasopharynx suctioning was created. The outcome measures collected were percentage of time the infant's pulse saturation was less than 86%, corrected gestational age (CGA) when off bnCPAP, length of time a neonate is on bnCPAP, Downes' score, and compliance to bnCPAP care bundle.

Results:
An independent-samples t test found a statistically significant higher mean prior to the initiative in the percentage of time the oxygen saturation was less than 86%, Downes' score, length of time, and CGA to wean off bnCPAP (M = 11.7% ± 10.1%, M = 1.6 ± 1.1, M = 27.7 days ± 29.0 days, and M = 35.0 weeks ± 3.38 weeks, respectively) than after the initiative (M = 4.0% ± 4.8%, M = 1.1 ± 0.8, M = 11.2 days ± 10.2 days, and M = 32.8 weeks ± 1.00 weeks, respectively).

Implications for Practice and Research:
Implementing a standardized bnCPAP care bundle showed improvement in oxygen saturation and increased success of weaning off bnCPAP. Future studies to increase the collected data are needed to compare the outcomes on infants born at each gestational age.
Cyanoacrylate Securement in Neonatal PICC Use
Authors: van Rens Matheus , Nimeri Abdelghafar M. A. , Spencer Timothy R. , Hugill Kevin , Francia Airene L. V. , Olukade Tawa Olayemi , Mahmah Mohamad Adnan 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Within every neonatal clinical setting, vascular access devices are considered essential for administration of fluids, nutrition, and medications. However, use of vascular access devices is not without danger of failure. Catheter securement adhesives are being evaluated among adult populations, but to date, studies in neonatal settings are scant.

Purpose:
This research describes the prevalence of peripherally inserted central catheter failure related to catheter securement before and after the introduction of tissue adhesive for catheter securement. The identified modifiable risks might be used to evaluate efficacy, to innovate neonatal practice and support future policy developments.

Method and Setting:
This was a retrospective observational analysis of routinely collected anonymized intravenous therapy-related data. The study was carried out at the tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (112 beds) of the Women's Wellness and Research Center of Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.

Results:
The results showed that the use of an approved medical grade adhesive for catheter securement resulted in significantly less therapy failures, compared with the control group. This remains significant after adjusting for day of insertion, gestational age, birth weight, and catheter type.

Implications for Practice and Research:
In parallel with currently published international literature, this study's findings support catheter securement with an octyl-based tissue adhesive in use with central venous catheters. When device stabilization is most pertinent, securement with tissue adhesive is a safe and effective method for long-term vascular access among the neonatal population.
Phase II Study of the Modified Weekly Nab-paclitaxel Regimen in Previously Treated Patients With Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Yoshimura Naruo , Sawa Kenji , Nakai Toshiyuki , Matsumoto Yoshiya , Mitsuoka Shigeki , Kimura Tatsuo , Asai Kazuhisa , Yana Takashi , Kawaguchi Tomoya , Hirata Kazuto 
Published: November 2021

Objectives:
We conducted a clinical phase II study to evaluate the modified weekly nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) regimen in pretreated patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials and Methods:
This multicenter single-arm phase II study enrolled patients with advanced NSCLC who had previously received >1 chemotherapy regimen. Patients received nab-paclitaxel at 80 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 (21-d cycle). The primary endpoint was the investigator-assessed overall response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included overall survival, progression-free survival (PFS), disease control rate, and safety. The planned enrollment was 30 patients according to a Simon 2-stage minimax design.

Results:
Thirty patients were enrolled between November 2015 and August 2017. Seventeen patients (56.7%) had received >2 regimens. The ORR was 23.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.2%-38.4%), meeting the primary objective of the study. Median PFS was 5.7 months (95% CI, 3.4-9.0 mo), and median overall survival was 12.6 months (95% CI, 8.7-20.8 mo). The median number of treatment cycles was 4 (range, 1 to 20) over the entire study period, and median dose intensity was 63.6 mg/m2/wk (range, 45.7 to 100.0 mg/m2/wk). No new safety signals were reported; the most common grade ≥3 adverse events were neutropenia (56.7%), leukopenia (23.3%), and infection (10.0%). No cases of febrile neutropenia were observed.

Conclusions:
Nab-paclitaxel monotherapy with a dose and schedule suitable for outpatients showed high ORR, long median PFS, and acceptable toxicity for patients with previously treated NSCLC. This dosage method may be useful for selected patients.
Techniques to Relieve Pain Associated With Botulinum Injections for Palmar and Plantar Hyperhidrosis
Authors: Nasser Sarah , Farshchian Mehdi , Kimyai‐Asadi Arash , Potts Geoffrey A. 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND
Palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis (HH) is a common condition characterized by excessive sweating of the palms and soles. Botulinum neurotoxin (BTX) is a very effective and safe treatment. However, the associated intense injection pain is a major limiting factor deterring patients from selecting this treatment.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to review the numerous techniques used to minimize pain accompanying injections for palmoplantar HH. Additionally, the advantages and limitations of each modality will be discussed.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The authors performed a comprehensive literature search in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar on randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case series on techniques to relieve pain of BTX injections for treatment of palmar and plantar HH.

RESULTS
Current available techniques in reducing botulinum injection with merits and drawbacks are nerve blocks, Bier blocks, cryoanalgesia, needle-free anesthesia, topical anesthetics, and vibration anesthesia.

CONCLUSION
Topical anesthesia, ice, and vibration are the safest and most convenient noninvasive available methods to relieve pain associated with botulinum injection. Nerve blocks, Bier block, and needle-free anesthesia provide better anesthesia but are limited by the need for training and equipment.
Determination of Margins for Tumor Clearance in Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans: A Single-Center Study of 222 Cases Treated With Modified Mohs Surgery
Authors: Serra-Guillén Carlos , Llombart Beatriz , Nagore Eduardo , Guillén Carlos , Sanmartín Onofre 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an invasive skin tumor traditionally associated with very high recurrence rates when treated with conventional surgery (CS).

OBJECTIVE
To calculate the minimum margin that would have been required to achieve complete tumor clearance with hypothetical CS. To analyze DFSP characteristics and Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) effectiveness in treatment of this tumor.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Minimum margin was calculated by measuring the largest distance from the visible edge of the tumor to the edge of the surgical defect. Tumor variables (age, sex, size, time since onset, and location) were correlated with surgical variables (number of stages and minimum margin).

RESULTS
We studied 222 cases of DFSP treated with MMS. A mean of 1.47 MMS stages and a mean minimum margin of 1.23 cm were required to achieve tumor clearance. Tumors on the head and neck required significantly more stages and a significantly wider margin. Tumor size was positively correlated with time to diagnosis, age, and number of MMS stages.

CONCLUSION
Tumors located on the head and neck have greater subclinical extension. Tumor size was also a predictor of surgical difficulty, but time to diagnosis was not.
Management of Transected Invasive Melanoma: A Single Institution Retrospective Review
Authors: Duncan James Robert , Beal Lauren L. , Daugherty Andrew , Elston Carly , Contreras Carlo , Phillips Carlton Blake , Huang Conway 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND
Deep transection of invasive melanoma precludes accurate measurement of Breslow depth, which may affect tumor staging.

OBJECTIVE
To determine the frequency of upstaging of transected invasive melanomas after excision, characterize the impact on National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCNN)-recommended treatment, and determine predictors of subsequent upstaging.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective review of invasive melanomas between January 2017 and December 2019 at a single institution. Deeply transected biopsy reports were compared with subsequent excisions to calculate the frequency of upstaging.

RESULTS
Three hundred sixty (49.6%) of 726 invasive melanomas identified were transected. Forty-nine (13.6%) transected tumors had upstaging that would have altered NCCN-recommended management. “Broadly” transected tumors had upstaging that would have resulted in a change in the management in 5/23 cases (21.7%) versus 2/41 cases (4.9%) for “focally” transected tumors (p = .038). Breslow depth increased by 0.59 mm on average for “broad” transection versus 0.06 mm for “focal” transection (p =< .01). Of the 89 transected pT1a melanomas, specimens with gross residual tumor or pigment after biopsy were upstaged in 8/17 (47.1%) of cases versus 5/72 (6.9%) of specimens without (p =< .01).

CONCLUSION
Upstaging of deeply transected invasive melanomas that would alter NCCN-recommended management occurred in 13.6% of cases. Broad transection and gross residual tumor or pigment after biopsy predicted higher likelihood of upstaging.