bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Re-imagining Technology Education for Student Teachers Using Human-Centered Design
Authors: Phan Trang , Shin Myunghwan 
Published: November 2021

This design case describes the implementation of the Human-centered Design process, developed by the world leading design firm IDEO and Stanford d. school. The process describes the technology integration onto a teaching credential program course at a university in Central California. It reports the thought process to adopting HCD in the course with a focus on a semester-long assignment called Technology Leap Project (TLP). The preliminary design decisions and the design process in depth. Each phase of the HCD process (i.e. Inspiration, Ideation, Implementation) was defined and its manifestation into the TLP was articulated and assembled with samples of students’ work. The case also discusses various merits and challenges for the design team of applying the HCD process in engaging student learning and responding to their learning needs. Finally, the revision plan was discussed.
Nonlinear wavefront engineering with metasurface decorated quartz crystal
Authors: Mao Ningbin , Tang Yutao , Jin Mingke , Zhang Guanqing , Li Yang , Zhang Xuecai , Hu Zixian , Tang Wenhao , Chen Yu , Liu Xuan , Li Kingfai , Cheah Kokwai , Li Guixin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In linear optical processes, compact and effective wavefront shaping techniques have been developed with the artificially engineered materials and devices in the past decades. Recently, wavefront shaping of light at newly generated frequencies was also demonstrated using nonlinear photonic crystals and metasurfaces. However, the nonlinear wave-shaping devices with both high nonlinear optical efficiency and high wave shaping efficiency are difficult to realize. To circumvent this constraint, we propose the idea of metasurface decorated optical crystal to take the best aspects of both traditional nonlinear crystals and photonic metasurfaces. In the proof-of-concept experiment, we show that a silicon nitride metasurface decorated quartz crystal can be used for the wavefront shaping of the second harmonic waves generated in quartz. With this crystal-metasurface hybrid platform, the nonlinear vortex beam generation and nonlinear holography were successfully demonstrated. The proposed methodology may have important applications in nonlinear structured light generation, super-resolution imaging, and optical information processing, etc.
Angela Schrott y Jan-Henrik Witthaus: Crisis e identidad. Perspectivas interdisciplinarias desde América Latina
Authors: Cuello Bárbara E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
El presente volumen (número 62 de la colección “Hispano-Americana. Geschichte, Sprache, Literatur”) forma parte de una serie de publicaciones internacionales con un enfoque específico en el campo de los estudios hispánicos. Conforman la misma tanto estudios monográficos como volúmenes colectivos en idioma alemán, español, portugués e inglés. Los editores de este número, Angela Schrott y Jan-Henrik Witthaus, son catedráticos de la Universidad de Kassel, Alemania, en Lingüística Románica y Literatura Española e Hispanoamericana, respectivamente.
Sentencing to Drug Court
Authors: Schreiber Lizett Martinez 
Published: November 2021

Drug courts are frequently touted as an alternative sentencing option for low-level drug offenders and were even promoted by U.S. presidential candidates in 2020. While national organizations tout that “Drug Courts Work,” there are many who question their efficacy. Favorable statistics and success stories depend on close fidelity to the prescribed models from the National Association of Drug Court Professionals. With rapid adoption of drug courts nationwide, and little oversight of their fidelity to the drug court model, some judges may operate drug courts in ways that can harm, rather than help, an increasing number of participants. Improper drug court admissions and heavy use of jail sanctioning lead to worse outcomes for participants—and to suspicion toward drug courts among the criminal justice reform movement of which drug courts aim to be a part.
While the drug court model has evolved as a treatment model for offenders with high criminogenic risk and high treatment need, some judges either disregard or are unaware of this shift. Participants are supervised more closely and are often given higher treatment dosages than they require to address their substance use disorder. Low-level offenders may end up with accrued jail time through their drug court participation that exceeds the amount they would have received had they simply been sentenced to a jail term at the outset of their plea.
Increased oversight of drug courts, combined with required education for judges and court staff, will lead to a better understanding of the drug court model. By identifying the proper target population, focusing on treatment, and reducing or eliminating jail sanctions, drug courts will align with the national model, improve outcomes, and reduce both jail time and recidivism of their participants. This Article outlines the evolution of the drug court model and shows that lack of understanding of that evolution leads to harsher sentencing for low-level drug offenders.
Exonic WT1 pathogenic variants in 46,XY DSD associated with gonadoblastoma
Authors: Arya Sneha , Kumar Sandeep , Lila Anurag R , Sarathi Vijaya , Memon Saba Samad , Barnabas Rohit , Thakkar Hemangini , Patil Virendra A , Shah Nalini S , Bandgar Tushar R 
Published: November 2021

Objective
The literature regarding gonadoblastoma risk in exonic Wilms’ tumor suppressor gene (WT1) pathogenic variants is sparse. The aim of this study is to describe the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Asian–Indian patients with WT1 pathogenic variants and systematically review the literature on association of exonic WT1 pathogenic variants and gonadoblastoma.

Design
Combined retrospective–prospective analysis.

Methods
In this study, 46,XY DSD patients with WT1 pathogenic variants detected by clinical exome sequencing from a cohort of 150 index patients and their affected relatives were included. The PubMed database was searched for the literature on gonadoblastoma with exonic WT1 pathogenic variants.

Results
The prevalence of WT1 pathogenic variants among 46,XY DSD index patients was 2.7% (4/150). All the four patients had atypical genitalia and cryptorchidism. None of them had Wilms’ tumor till the last follow-up, whereas one patient had late-onset nephropathy. 11p13 deletion was present in one patient with aniridia. The family with p.Arg458Gln pathogenic variant had varied phenotypic spectrum of Frasier syndrome; two siblings had gonadoblastoma, one of them had growing teratoma syndrome (first to report with WT1). On literature review, of >100 exonic point pathogenic variants, only eight variants (p.Arg462Trp, p.Tyr177*, p.Arg434His, p.Met410Arg, p.Gln142*, p.Glu437Lys, p.Arg458*, and p.Arg458Gln) in WT1 were associated with gonadoblastoma in a total of 15 cases (including our two cases).

Conclusions
WT1 alterations account for 3% of 46,XY DSD patients in our cohort. 46,XY DSD patients harboring exonic WT1 pathogenic variants carry a small but definitive risk of gonadoblastoma; hence, these patients require a gonadoblastoma surveillance with a more stringent surveillance in those harboring a gonadoblastoma-associated variant.
Serum ferritin as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, regulated by liver transferrin receptor 2
Authors: Zhang Rui , Huang Xinmei , Li Yue , Yu Zhiyan , Wu Yueyue , Zha Bingbing , Ding Heyuan , Zang Shufei , Liu Jun 
Published: November 2021

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of TFR2 on iron storage in type 2 diabetes.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1938 participants from the Jiangchuan Community of Shanghai. A total of 784 participants with T2DM and 1154 normal participants (non-T2DM) were enrolled in this study. Serum ferritin, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, and HbA1C (glycated hemoglobin A1c) levels were determined. Eighteen Wistar male rats were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 6/group): rats in a high-fat diet streptozotocin (HFD+STZ) group were fed with HFD for 4 weeks and intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ); rats in a control group were fed with a standard diet for 4 weeks and intraperitoneally injected with buffer; rats in an STZ group were fed with a standard diet for 4 weeks and intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin. Glucose tolerance test was performed at the end of the study. Blood samples and liver tissues were assessed for liver TFR2, blood glucose, serum ferritin, and iron levels.

Results
The mean serum ferritin level of T2DM participants was significantly higher than that of the control group (227 (140–352) vs 203.5 (130.5–312) ng/mL, P < 0.05). Serum ferritin level was an independent risk factor for T2DM (high ferritin group vs low ferritin group, 1.304 (1.03–1.651), P < 0.05). Diabetic rats showed reduced liver TFR2 levels, with increased serum ferritin levels.

Conclusion
T2DM participants exhibited iron disorder with elevated serum ferritin levels. Elevated serum ferritin levels in diabetic rats were accompanied by reduced liver TFR2 levels.
Autoimmune thyroid disease and thyroid function test fluctuations in patients with resistance to thyroid hormone
Authors: Okazaki-Hada Mikiko , Nishihara Eijun , Hisakado Mako , Kudo Takumi , Ito Mitsuru , Fukata Shuji , Nishikawa Mitsushige , Akamizu Takashi , Miyauchi Akira 
Published: November 2021

Objective
Resistance to thyroid hormone beta (RTHβ) is an inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor β (THRB) gene. Patients with RTHβ typically have elevated thyroid hormone levels with non-suppressed serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). We aimed to elucidate the clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings of RTHβ patients and further to explore their association with THRB gene mutations.

Design and methods
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical charts and compared the clinical findings of 68 RTHβ patients (45 probands and 23 relatives) and 30 unaffected relatives in Kuma Hospital.

Results
Genetic testing revealed 35 heterozygous THRB gene mutations. Among all RTHβ patients, autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) was detected in 42.1% of men and 40.9% of women, showing that the prevalence of AITD in affected males was significantly higher than in unaffected relatives (P  = 0.019). During the follow-up of 44 patients, 13 patients (29.5%; 8 (42.1%) with AITD and 5 (20%) without AITD) temporarily showed thyroid function test results inconsistent with RTHβ. Two patients with the R383H mutation, which has little dominant-negative effect, temporarily showed normal thyroid hormone and TSH levels without AITD.

Conclusions
The frequency of AITD in male RTHβ patients was significantly higher compared to unaffected relatives. More than 20% of RTHβ patients temporarily showed laboratory findings atypical of RTHβ during their follow-up, and patients with AITD and specific THRB mutations were prone to display such findings. Therefore, genetic testing should be performed even for patients with fluctuations in thyroid function test results to avoid misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.
How Hotel Industry Cope up with the COVID-19: An SME Perspective
Authors: Tunio Muhammad Nawaz , Yusrini Lenny , Shah Zubair A. , Katper Naveeda , Jariko Mushtaque Ali 
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the plans and strategies adopted by the hotel industry during the COVID-19 crisis. In order to conduct this study, a qualitative research methodology was used where semi-structured interviews were conducted from three countries: Austria, Pakistan, and Indonesia. Interviews were conducted online with the help of applications such as Skype, WhatsApp, and Zoom. A thematic analysis was conducted in which codes, categories, and final themes were generated. The final themes are the study's findings, which are strategies for employees, strategies for customers, strategies for SME hotels, and strategies for the staff. Strategies for employees indicate the planning and programs of the SME Hotels. The study's findings show that strategies adopted by the hotel industries vary from country to country while depending on the contextual factors and role of the government. Most Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) hotels in developing countries are less familiar with how to react and survive in the conditions of the crises. Thus, this study can benefit the different stakeholders in the developed and developing countries for adopting strategies and maintain their business during the crises of the COVID-19.JEL Classification: B17, B27, F30, L83How to Cite:Tunio, M. N., Yusrini, L., Shah, Z. A., Katper, N., & Jariko, M. A. (2021). How Hotel Industry Cope Up With The Covid-19: An SME Perspective. Etikonomi, 20(2), 213 – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i2.19172.
The Impact of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) on Economic Growth: Where the Absorption Capacity of Domestic Labor Stands?
Authors: Waqar Shujaa , Badshah Iftikhar , Bandeali Marium Sara Minhas , Ahmed Saira 
Published: November 2021

This study designs to assess and infer the effect of Special Economic Zones under China-Pakistan Economic Corridor on the economic growth of Pakistan through technological spillovers and the absorption capacity of domestic laborers. The present study develops a theoretical model and an empirical panel model to test whether the intervention of Special Economic Zones in the Asian developing countries has affected their economic growth through domestic Human Capital. For relevant results, we have employed the GMM model for the panel data set. The results indicate that the technological enhancement accumulates the economy through various other selected indicators rather than domestic labor productivity. The human capital remains inconsequent in this nexus. This condition gives us guidelines to follow pro-human capital policies to accumulate domestic human capital before the intervention from the foreign firms on our soil. Subsequently, much waited for dynamic or long-run benefits in terms of human capital can be attained rather than static effects.JEL Classification: C23, D24, J24How to Cite:Waqar, S., Badshah, I., Bandeali, M. S. M., & Ahmed, S. (2021). The Impact of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) on Economic Growth: Where the Absorption Capacity of Domestic Labor Stands?. Etikonomi, 20(2), xx – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i2.19386.
How Did The Financial Markets Respond to The COVID-19 Pandemic? Empirical Evidence from BRICS Countries
Authors: Chavali Kavita , Al Samman Hazem , Jamil Syed 
Published: November 2021

The paper aims to evaluate the reaction of stock markets in BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study uses ARCH and GARCH models that use daily stock prices from January 1, 2020, to September 2, 2020. The financial market response was analyzed in two phases. The first phase analyses the financial markets' response within 30 to 60 days from the first day of confirmed cases of COVID-19. The second phase analyses the financial market response post 30 to 60 days of initial confirmed cases. The study results conclude that the share prices decreased, but in the second phase, the markets responded positively. Our results conclude that governmental support played an important role in mitigating the repercussions of the COVID-19 outbreak on stock markets in BRICS countries.JEL Classification: E44, G15, G10How to Cite:Chavali, K., Al Samman, H., & Jamil, S. A. (2021). How Did The Financial Markets Respond to The Covid-19 Pandemic? Empirical Evidence from BRICS Countries. Etikonomi, 20(2), xx– xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i2.20339.
The study of the effect of <i>Thymus serpyllum</i> extract on the mitotic activity of cells by means of Allium test
Authors: Sheremetyeva Anna S. , Kotuleva Victoria G. 
Published: November 2021

Topicality. Extract of Thymus serpyllum L. exerts a wide range of biologically active properties, for example, anti-inflammatory, expectorant, analgesic, and antioxidant. However, there is no information about the effect of its water-alcohol extraction on cell proliferation.
The aim of the research was to study the effect of Thymus serpyllum extract in concentrations of 50.0, 25.0, 12.5, 6.2, 3.1, 1.5 mg/ml on the mitotic activity of cells with the application of Allium test.
Materials and methods. The bulbs of Allium cepa L., species Stuttgart Riesen, were used in the experiment. Bulbs were sprouted for three days in thyme extracts with different concentrations of extractives. The experiment was repeated five times. Eight groups were studied in each series: distilled water as negative control, dioxidine 100 mg/ml as positive control, the extract of Thymus serpyllum in concentrations 50.0, 25.0, 12.5, 6.2, 3.1, 1.5 mg/ml. The toxic effect was evaluated by measuring the root length, and the mitotic activity was evaluated by calculating the mitotic index without cells at the prophase stage.
Results. The longest roots were observed in the extract concentration of 1.5 mg/ml, but their length was less than that of bulbs that sprouted in the negative control. The highest value without the prophase index was also found at the extraction concentration of 1.5 mg/ml, and the values were similar to those in the negative control. The shortest roots were observed in the extract concentration of 6.2 mg/ml; their length was comparable to the positive control. The lowest values without the prophase index were revealed in the extraction concentration of 6.2 mg/ml and were similar to the values in the negative control. The bulbs that were exposed to water-alcohol extract of Thymus serpyllum in concentrations of extractives 1.5, 25.0, 50.0 mg/ml had no roots.
Conclusion. Thymus serpyllum extract reduces the mitotic activity of cells in concentrations of 1.5-6.2 mg/ml. The inverse dependence of the root length and the non-prophase index on the concentration of water- alcohol extract of Thymus serpyllum has been established.
Seismic Wave Propagation and Inversion with Neural Operators
Authors: Yang Yan , Gao Angela F. , Castellanos Jorge C. , Ross Zachary E. , Azizzadenesheli Kamyar , Clayton Robert W. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSeismic wave propagation forms the basis for most aspects of seismological research, yet solving the wave equation is a major computational burden that inhibits the progress of research. This is exacerbated by the fact that new simulations must be performed whenever the velocity structure or source location is perturbed. Here, we explore a prototype framework for learning general solutions using a recently developed machine learning paradigm called neural operator. A trained neural operator can compute a solution in negligible time for any velocity structure or source location. We develop a scheme to train neural operators on an ensemble of simulations performed with random velocity models and source locations. As neural operators are grid free, it is possible to evaluate solutions on higher resolution velocity models than trained on, providing additional computational efficiency. We illustrate the method with the 2D acoustic wave equation and demonstrate the method’s applicability to seismic tomography, using reverse-mode automatic differentiation to compute gradients of the wavefield with respect to the velocity structure. The developed procedure is nearly an order of magnitude faster than using conventional numerical methods for full waveform inversion.
Manajemen Sekolah Adiwiyata (Studi Multisitus di SDN Kauman 1 Malang dan SD Plus Al-Kautsar Malang)
Authors: Rasyid Rizal Ar , Mustiningsih Mustiningsih , Arifin Imron 
Published: November 2021

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to describe adiwiyata school planning, organizing adiwiyata schools, implementing adiwiyata schools, and supervising adiwiyata schools. This study used a qualitative approach with a type of multisite case study. This is because researchers describe, analyze, and juxtapose the management of adiwiyata schools. The technique used by researchers is observation, interviews, and documentation. Research results: (1) school planning adiwiyata; (2) organizing adiwiyata schools; (3) implementation of adiwiyata schools; and (4) supervision of adiwiyata schools.
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan perencanaan sekolah adiwiyata, pengorganisasian sekolah adiwiyata, pelaksanaan sekolah adiwiyata, dan pengawasan sekolah adiwiyata. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus multi situs. Hal ini karena peneliti mendeskripsikan, menganalisis, dan menyandingkan tentang manajemen sekolah adiwiyata. Teknik yang digunakan peneliti adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian: (1) perencanaan sekolah adiwiyata; (2) pengorganisasian sekolah adiwiyata; (3) pelaksanaan sekolah adiwiyata; dan (4) pengawasan sekolah adiwiyata.
Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan Akademik terhadap Kepuasan dan Prestasi Peserta Didik
Authors: Rahayu Novita , Mustiningsih Mustiningsih , Sumarsono Raden Bambang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract: This study aims to determine (1) the level of academic service quality, (2) the level of student satisfaction, (3) the level of student achievement, (4) the influence of the quality of academic service on student satisfaction. (6) the influence of satisfaction on the achievement of learners, and (7) the influence of the quality of academic services on the achievement of learners mediated by the satisfaction of learners. The research method used, namely quantitative approach with descriptive-correlational. Population in this research was as many as 1582. For sampling by using purposive sampling technique and stratified random sampling so that obtained by sampel as much as 323 respondents. In this study the questionnaire is used to collect data. The data analysis by using path analysis. The result of the research shows that: (1) the quality of the academic service quality is in the high category, (2) the students' satisfaction level in the high category, (3) the achievement level of the students is in the medium category, (4) 6) there is a significant influence of students' satisfaction on student achievement, and (7) there is significant influence of academic service quality toward the achievement of students who mediated with student satisfaction variable at SMPN in Ponggok sub-district, Blitar regency.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) tingkat kualitas layanan akademik, (2) tingkat kepuasan peserta didik, (3) tingkat prestasi peserta didik, (4) pengaruh kualitas layanan akademik terhadap kepuasan peserta didik, (5) pengaruh kualitas layanan akademik terhadap prestasi peserta didik, (6) pengaruh kepuasan terhadap prestasi peserta didik, dan (7) pengaruh kualitas layanan akademik terhadap prestasi peserta didik yang dimediasi oleh kepuasan peserta didik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan, yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif dengan deskriptif-korelasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 1582. Untuk pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan stratified random sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sejumlah 323 responden. Dalam penelitian ini angket digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Adapun untuk analisis data dengan menggunakan path analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) tingkat kualitas kualitas layanan akademik berada pada kategori tinggi, (2) tingkat kepuasan peserta didik pada kategori tinggi, (3) tingkat prestasi peserta didik berada pada kategori sedang, (4) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan kualitas layanan akademik terhadap kepuasan peserta didik (5) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan kualitas layanan akademik terhadap prestasi peserta didik, (6) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan kepuasan peserta didik terhadap prestasi peserta didik, dan (7) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan kualitas layanan akademik terhadap prestasi peserta didik yang dimediasi oleh variabel kepuasan peserta didik pada SMPN se-Kecamatan Ponggok Kabupaten Blitar.