bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scaffold strategies combined with mesenchymal stem cells in vaginal construction: a review
Authors: Henckes Nicole Andréa Corbellini , Faleiro Dalana , Chuang Laura Chao , Cirne-Lima Elizabeth Obino 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTissue engineering has provided new treatment alternatives for tissue reconstruction. Advances in the tissue engineering field have resulted in mechanical support and biological substitutes to restore, maintain or improve tissue/organs structures and functions. The application of tissue engineering technology in the vaginal reconstruction treatment can not only provide mechanical requirements, but also offer tissue repairing as an alternative to traditional approaches. In this review, we discuss recent advances in cell-based therapy in combination with scaffolds strategies that can potentially be adopted for gynaecological transplantation.
A hierarchical analysis of ecosystem classification with implementing in two continental ecoregions
Authors: Zhang YanQing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe ecosystem classification of land (ECL) has been studied for a couple of decades, from the beginning of the perfect organism system “top-down” approach to a reversed “bottom-up” approach by defining a micro-ecological unit. After comparing two cases of the ecosystem classification framework implemented in the different continental ecoregions, the processes were carefully examined and justified.ResultsTheoretically, Bailey’s upper levels of ECL (Description of the ecoregions of the United States, 2nd ed. Rev and expanded (1st ed. 1980). Misc. Publ. No. 1391 (Rev). Washington DC USDA Forest Service; 1995) were applied to the United States and world continents. For the first time, a complete ECL study was accomplished in Western Utah of the United States, with eight upper levels of ECOMAP (National hierarchical framework of ecological units. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, DC.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237419014_National_hierarchical_framework_of_ecological_units; 1993) plus additional ecological site and vegetation stand. China’s Eco-geographic classification was most likely fitted into Bailey’s Ecosystem Classification upper-level regime. With a binary decision tree analysis, it had been validated that the Domains have an empty entity for 500 Plateau Domain between the US and China ecoregion framework. Implementing lower levels of ECL to Qinghai Province of China, based on the biogeoclimatic condition, vegetation distribution, landform, and plant species feature, it had classified the Section HIIC1 into two Subsections (labeled asi,ii), and delineatediiaof QiLian Mountain East Alpine Shrub and Alpine Tundra Ecozone intoiia-1andiia-2Subzones. Coordinately, an Ecological Site was completed at the bottom level.Conclusions(1) It was more experimental processing by implementing a full ECL in the Western Utah of the United States based on the ECOMAP (1993). (2) The empty entity, named as Plateau Domain 500, should be added into the top-level Bailey’s ecoregion framework. Coordinately, it includes the Divisions of HI and HII and the Provinces of humid, sub-humid, semiarid, and arid for China's Eco-Geographic region. (3) Implementing a full ECL in a different continent and integrating the lower level's models was the process that could handle the execution management, interpreting the relationship of ecosystem, dataset conversion, and error correction.
Exploring adults’ motives for food choice of sustainable diet components: a qualitative study in Tehran Metropolis
Authors: Haghighian Roudsari Arezoo , Vedadhir Abouali , Pourmoradian Samira , Rahimi-Ardabili Hania , Shokouhi Maryam , Milani-Bonab Ali 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Todays, due to the impact of human food choices on increasing greenhouse gas emissions, water consumption and environmental degradation, there is a new approach about changing the pattern of food production and consumption, including sustainable food and nutrition system related to consumption. This study aimed to explore the components of a sustainable diet among the factors that affect people’s food choices.

Methods
This qualitative study was carried out using an in-depth interview with 33 individuals aged 30–64 years old living in different areas of Tehran. Data collection, data analysis and theoretical conceptualization were performed simultaneously. MAXQDA 10 software was used for managing and organizing the data.

Results
In this paper, the findings are categorized according to the key components of a sustainable diet in five themes: “Health and Nutrition”, “Food and Agriculture Security”, “Environment and Ecosystems”, “Markets, food trade and production chains”, “social, cultural, and policy factors” were categorized. Meanwhile, the components of the “Health and Nutrition” domain had the highest contribution and the components of the two domains “food and agriculture” and “environment and ecosystems” had the lowest role based on the participants’ perception in this study.

Conclusion
Considering to the low importance of the components of a sustainable diet in food choices of the community, promoting the individual awareness of sustainable diet components, clarifying the importance of food choices in creating environmental impacts and leading the national macro policies in the field food and nutrition toward sustainable diet goals are essential.
Horror of three synergistic factors in THA: high mechanical stress, dissimilar metals, low elasticity stem: a case report
Authors: Ishii Seiya , Homma Yasuhiro , Matsukawa Takehisa , Baba Tomonori , Kubota Ayano , Yokoyama Kazuhito , Kaneko Kazuo , Ishijima Muneaki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
A large-diameter femoral head is effective in preventing dislocation after total hip arthroplasty. However, although rare, catastrophic stem tribocorrosion may occur at the head-stem junction.

Case presentation
A 70-year-old woman underwent revision surgery 7.5 years after total hip arthroplasty because of catastrophic stem corrosion with dissociation of the metal head (cobalt/chromium) and stem (TiMo12Zr6Fe2). Abnormal levels of cobalt were found in the intra-articular fluid, capsule, hip muscle, and blood. Revision surgery was performed via the direct anterior approach. The well-fixed femoral stem was explanted, and a cemented stainless stem with stainless head was implanted. Three months after the revision surgery, the cobalt concentration in the blood had decreased to normal.

Conclusions
Stem dissociation in the present case might have been caused by synergistic combination of a 36-mm-diameter femoral head and long neck length offset with high frictional torque, a cobalt-chromium head with a high risk of galvanic corrosion, and a TMZF (TiMo12Zr6Fe2) alloy stem with a low Young’s modulus of elasticity. The combination of these factors must be avoided.
Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Are Associated With Age-Related Endothelial Dysfunction in Men With Low Testosterone
Authors: Babcock Matthew C , DuBose Lyndsey E , Witten Teresa L , Stauffer Brian L , Hildreth Kerry L , Schwartz Robert S , Kohrt Wendy M , Moreau Kerrie L 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Context
Vascular aging, including endothelial dysfunction secondary to oxidative stress and inflammation, increases the risk for age-associated cardiovascular disease (CVD). Low testosterone in middle-aged/older men is associated with increased CVD risk.

Objective
We hypothesized that low testosterone contributes to age-associated endothelial dysfunction, related in part to greater oxidative stress and inflammation.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 58 healthy, nonsmoking men categorized as young (N = 20; age 29 ± 4 years; testosterone 500 ± 58 ng/dL), middle-aged/older with higher testosterone (N = 20; age 60 ± 6 years; testosterone 512 ± 115 ng/dL), and middle-aged/older lower testosterone (N = 18; age 59 ± 8 years; testosterone 269 ± 48 ng/dL). Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMDBA) was measured during acute infusion of saline (control) and vitamin C (antioxidant). Markers of oxidative stress (total antioxidant status and oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), inflammation (interleukin [IL]-6 and C-reactive protein [CRP]), and androgen deficiency symptoms were also examined.

Results
During saline, FMDBA was reduced in middle-aged/older compared with young, regardless of testosterone status (P &lt; 0.001). FMDBA was reduced in middle-aged/older lower testosterone (3.7% ± 2.0%) compared with middle-aged/older higher testosterone (5.7% ± 2.2%; P = 0.021), independent of symptoms. Vitamin C increased FMDBA (to 5.3% ± 1.6%; P = 0.022) in middle-aged/older lower testosterone but had no effect in young (P = 0.992) or middle-aged/older higher testosterone (P = 0.250). FMDBA correlated with serum testosterone (r = 0.45; P &lt; 0.001), IL-6 (r = −0.41; P = 0.002), and CRP (r = −0.28; P = 0.041).

Conclusion
Healthy middle-aged/older men with low testosterone appear to have greater age-associated endothelial dysfunction, related in part to greater oxidative stress and inflammation. These data suggest that low testosterone concentrations may contribute to accelerated vascular aging in men.
Detrimental or beneficial? Untangling the literature on developmental stress studies in birds
Authors: Wada Haruka , Coutts Victoria 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Developing animals display a tremendous ability to change the course of their developmental path in response to the environment they experience, a concept referred to as developmental plasticity. This change in behavior, physiology or cellular processes is primarily thought to allow animals to better accommodate themselves to the surrounding environment. However, existing data on developmental stress and whether it brings about beneficial or detrimental outcomes show conflicting results. There are several well-referred hypotheses related to developmental stress in the current literature, such as the environmental matching, silver spoon and thrifty phenotype hypotheses. These hypotheses speculate that the early-life environment defines the capacity of the physiological functions and behavioral tendencies and that this change is permanent and impacts the fitness of the individual. These hypotheses also postulate there is a trade-off among organ systems and physiological functions when resources are insufficient. Published data on avian taxa show that some effects of developmental nutritional and thermal stressors are long lasting, such as the effects on body mass and birdsong. Although hypotheses on developmental stress are based on fitness components, data on reproduction and survival are scarce, making it difficult to determine which hypothesis these data support. Furthermore, most physiological and performance measures are collected only once; thus, the physiological mechanisms remain undertested. Here, we offer potential avenues of research to identify reasons behind the contrasting results in developmental stress research and possible ways to determine whether developmental programming due to stressors is beneficial or detrimental, including quantifying reproduction and survival in multiple environments, measuring temporal changes in physiological variables and testing for stress resistance later in life.
Tadpole-transporting frogs use stagnant water odor to find pools in the rainforest
Authors: Serrano-Rojas Shirley J. , Pašukonis Andrius 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Breeding sites are often a limited and ephemeral resource for rainforest frogs. This resource limitation has driven the evolution of diverse reproductive strategies that increase offspring survival. For example, poison frogs shuttle their tadpoles from terrestrial clutches to aquatic rearing sites, using various cues to assess pool suitability. Yet, how frogs find new pools is unknown. We tested the role of odor cues in the process of finding tadpole deposition sites by the poison frog Allobates femoralis. We created 60 artificial pools grouped into three conditions: stagnant water, tadpole water and clean water control. Fifteen pools were discovered within 6 days, with more tadpoles and more frogs directly observed at pools with stagnant odor cues. Our findings suggest that frogs use odor cues associated with stagnant water for the initial discovery of new breeding pools. These cues may be good indicators of pool stability and increased likelihood of tadpole survival.
Proteomic Investigation in Plasma from Women with Fibromyalgia in Response to a 15-wk Resistance Exercise Intervention
Authors: WÅHLÉN KARIN , YAN HONG , WELINDER CHARLOTTE , ERNBERG MALIN , KOSEK EVA , MANNERKORPI KAISA , GERDLE BJÖRN , GHAFOURI BIJAR 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex pain condition, and exercise is considered the first option of treatment. Few studies have examined the effect of exercise on molecular mechanisms in FM. The aim of this study was to analyze the plasma proteome in women with FM and healthy controls (CON) before and after 15 wk of resistance exercise. This study further investigated whether clinical and exercises-related outcomes correlated with identified plasma proteins in FM.

Methods
Plasma samples from 40 FM/25 CON (baseline) and 21 FM/24 CON (postexercise) were analyzed using shotgun proteomics. Clinical/background data were retrieved through questionnaires. Exercise-related variables and pressure pain thresholds were assessed using standardized instruments. Multivariate statistics were applied to analyze the proteomic profile at baseline and postexercise, and correlation with clinical/exercise-related data.

Results
Fifteen weeks of resistance exercises improved clinical symptoms and muscle strength, and affected circulating proteins related to immunity, stress, mRNA stability, metabolic processes, and muscle structure development in FM. Pressure pain threshold was related to a specific protein profile, with proteins involved in metabolic and immune response. Subgroups of FM based on plasma proteins, FM duration, and improved muscle strength were identified.

Conclusions
Exercise seems to affect circulating proteins, clinical characteristics, and muscle strength in FM. This study contributes to better understanding of systemic protein changes in FM compared with CON and how resistance exercise affects such changes.
Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Reported by Former Professional Football Players over 50 yr of Age: An NFL-LONG Study
Authors: WALTON SAMUEL R. , BRETT BENJAMIN L. , CHANDRAN AVINASH , DEFREESE J. D. , MANNIX REBEKAH , ECHEMENDIA RUBEN J. , MEEHAN WILLIAM P. , MCCREA MICHAEL , GUSKIEWICZ KEVIN M. , KERR ZACHARY Y. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to estimate prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia diagnoses in former National Football League (NFL) players ≥50 yr old and examine the relationships among these diagnoses and an array of predictors of long-term brain health.

Methods
A cross section of former NFL players (n = 922; mean ± SD age, 64.8 ± 8.9 yr) completed a questionnaire. Prevalence of self-reported medical diagnoses of MCI and dementia was reported alongside U.S. population estimates across 5-yr age intervals (e.g., 60–64 yr). Prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated for multiple predictors of long-term brain health.

Results
Overall, MCI prevalence and dementia prevalence were n = 219(23.8%) and n = 82(8.9%), respectively. Each diagnosis was more prevalent in former NFL players across age-groups than U.S. norms, with greater disparities at relatively younger ages (e.g., 65–69 yr) compared with older ages. Greater prevalence of MCI and dementia was associated with self-reported concussion history (10+ vs 0; PRadjusted [95% CI] = 1.66 [1.02–2.71] and 2.61 [1.01–6.71], respectively); recent pain intensity (PRadjusted [95% CI] = 1.13 [1.07–1.20] and 1.15 [1.03–1.28]); and diagnoses of depression (PRadjusted [95% CI] = 2.70 [1.92–3.81] and 3.22 [1.69–6.14]), anxiety (PRadjusted [95% CI] = 1.96 [1.26–3.07] and 3.14 [1.47–6.74]), or both (PRadjusted [95% CI] = 3.11 [2.38–4.08] and 4.43 [2.71–7.25]). Higher MCI prevalence was related to sleep apnea (PRadjusted [95% CI] = 1.30 [1.06–1.60]); higher dementia prevalence was associated with age (5-yr interval, PRadjusted [95% CI] = 1.42 [1.26–1.60]) and race (non-White vs White, PRadjusted [95% CI] = 1.64 [1.07–2.53]).

Conclusions
Self-reported MCI prevalence and dementia prevalence were higher in former NFL players than national estimates and were associated with numerous personal factors, including mood-related disorders and a high number of self-reported concussions. Predictors of higher MCI and dementia prevalence may be modifiable and warrant consideration by clinicians and researchers as potential targets to mitigate the onset of these conditions.
DarkQ: continuous genomic monitoring using message queues
Authors: Viehweger Adrian , Brandt Christian , Hölzer Martin 
Published: October 2021

Newly sequenced genomes are often not noticed by potential stakeholders because submission to public databases is delayed, and search options are limited. However, the discovery of genomes can be vital: in pathogen outbreaks, fast updates are essential to coordinate containment efforts and prevent further spread. Here we introduce DarkQ, a message queue that allows for instant sharing and discovery of genomes. DarkQ is released under the BSD-2 license at github.com/phiweger/darkq.
Spatio-temporal deep learning model for distortion classification in laparoscopic video
Authors: AlDahoul Nouar , Abdul Karim Hezerul , Ba Wazir Abdulaziz Saleh , Toledo Tan Myles Joshua , Ahmad Fauzi Mohammad Faizal 
Published: October 2021

Background: Laparoscopy is a surgery performed in the abdomen without making large incisions in the skin and with the aid of a video camera, resulting in laparoscopic videos. The laparoscopic video is prone to various distortions such as noise, smoke, uneven illumination, defocus blur, and motion blur. One of the main components in the feedback loop of video enhancement systems is distortion identification, which automatically classifies the distortions affecting the videos and selects the video enhancement algorithm accordingly. This paper aims to address the laparoscopic video distortion identification problem by developing fast and accurate multi-label distortion classification using a deep learning model. Current deep learning solutions based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can address laparoscopic video distortion classification, but they learn only spatial information. Methods: In this paper, utilization of both spatial and temporal features in a CNN-long short-term memory (CNN-LSTM) model is proposed as a novel solution to enhance the classification. First, pre-trained ResNet50 CNN was used to extract spatial features from each video frame by transferring representation from large-scale natural images to laparoscopic images. Next, LSTM was utilized to consider the temporal relation between the features extracted from the laparoscopic video frames to produce multi-label categories. A novel laparoscopic video dataset proposed in the ICIP2020 challenge was used for training and evaluation of the proposed method. Results: The experiments conducted show that the proposed CNN-LSTM outperforms the existing solutions in terms of accuracy (85%), and F1-score (94.2%). Additionally, the proposed distortion identification model is able to run in real-time with low inference time (0.15 sec). Conclusions: The proposed CNN-LSTM model is a feasible solution to be utilized in laparoscopic videos for distortion identification.
From a private collection to a state museum: Pauls Stradiņš Museum of the History of Medicine
Authors: Salaks Juris , Vanags Kaspars 
Published: October 2021

In 2021, Pauls Stradiņš Museum of the History of Medicine in Rīga (Latvia) will celebrate 60 years since it acquired the status of a state museum. This article describes the history of its creation, the work of the museum from 1961 to 2019, its basic functions and structures, the consequences of ideological deviations, and outlines the vision for the future development of the museum.
On the one hand, the museum is based on the idea and collection of Doctor Pauls Stradiņš, an avid enthusiast, and his skill in keeping, supplementing, and improving his collection and legalising it as a state-run institution. However, no less important has been the attitude of the public and the authorities towards this institution, public support for P. Stradiņš’ idea. The relatively liberal attitude towards the initially private museum is explained by the fact that healthcare was declared one of the priorities of the Soviet Union, and the history of medicine was ideologically a relatively neutral field. In addition, the “national” moment was less emphasised in P. Stradiņš Museum – in the context of Latvia, the museum mainly showed folk medicine, fighting against epidemics, medicine in cities but did not highlight medical achievements during the years of Latvia’s independence.
The paradigm of the museum has changed today. Aspects of medicine, as in natural and technological sciences, which are within the competence of social history, anthropology and cultural theory have come to the fore. The experience of the global pandemic has brought conflict and tension into and around health in public opinion. This calls for a review of the six decades of exhibition traditions and the dynamics of the relationship with the museum’s existing and potential audience, which has been cultivated for six decades.
A Structural Model of a Multitasking Salesforce: Incentives, Private Information, and Job Design
Authors: Kim Minkyung , Sudhir K. , Uetake Kosuke 
Published: October 2021

This paper broadens the focus of empirical research on salesforce management to include multitasking settings with multidimensional incentives, where salespeople have private information about customers. This allows us to ask novel substantive questions around multidimensional incentive design and job design while managing the costs and benefits of private information. To this end, the paper introduces the first structural model of a multitasking salesforce in response to multidimensional incentives. The model also accommodates (i) dynamic intertemporal tradeoffs in effort choice across the tasks and (ii) salesperson’s private information about customers. We apply our model in a rich empirical setting in microfinance and illustrate how to address various identification and estimation challenges. We extend two-step estimation methods used for unidimensional compensation plans by embedding a flexible machine learning (random forest) model in the first-stage multitasking policy function estimation within an iterative procedure that accounts for salesperson heterogeneity and private information. Estimates reveal two latent segments of salespeople—a hunter segment that is more efficient in loan acquisition and a farmer segment that is more efficient in loan collection. Counterfactuals reveal heterogeneous effects: hunters’ private information hurts the firm as they engage in adverse selection; farmers’ private information helps the firm as they use it to better collect loans. The payoff complementarity induced by multiplicative incentive aggregation softens adverse specialization by hunters relative to additive aggregation but hurts performance among farmers. Overall, task specialization in job design for hunters (acquisition) and farmers (collection) hurts the firm as adverse selection harm overwhelms efficiency gain. This paper was accepted by Duncan Simester, marketing.