bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organizational theory in political sociology
Authors: Walker Edward T. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOrganizational theory and research has been enormously generative for political sociologists, if not always as fully centered as it might be, relative to broader notions of political power, economic resources, culture, and their interplay. This review both calls attention to the ways that organizational theory continues to inform political sociology and sets an agenda for how this interchange can be productively extended in various ways in scholarship on states, political parties, advocacy organizations, and business influences in politics. I highlight the genealogy of the new institutionalism and its variants (World Polity and institutional logics), population ecology (and the growing interest in both categories and audiences, alongside studies of the “ecology of ideology”), and research that follows in the broad tradition of resource dependence theory (and the link to more management‐oriented approaches such as “non‐market strategy” and stakeholder theories of organizational political activities). I also emphasize how novel theories of social movements and fields have offered innovative insights that incorporate organizational and political processes. I conclude by elaborating an agenda for how political sociologists can go further in maintaining and extending their highly productive and rewarding engagements with organizational theory.
Bootstrap for integer‐valued GARCH(p, q) processes
Authors: Neumann Michael H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe consider integer‐valued processes with a linear or nonlinear generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic models structure, where the count variables given the past follow a Poisson distribution. We show that a contraction condition imposed on the intensity function yields a contraction property of the Markov kernel of the process. This allows almost effortless proofs of the existence and uniqueness of a stationary distribution as well as of absolute regularity of the count process. As our main result, we construct a coupling of the original process and a model‐based bootstrap counterpart. Using a contraction property of the Markov kernel of the coupled process we obtain bootstrap consistency for different types of statistics.
Arabidopsis phosphatidylinositol 4‐phosphate 5‐kinase genes PIP5K7, PIP5K8, and PIP5K9 are redundantly involved in root growth adaptation to osmotic stress
Authors: Kuroda Ryo , Kato Mariko , Tsuge Tomohiko , Aoyama Takashi 
Published: February 2021

SummaryPhosphatidylinositol 4‐phosphate 5‐kinase (PIP5K) produces phosphatidylinositol (4,5)‐bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2), a signaling phospholipid critical for various cellular processes in eukaryotes. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes 11 PIP5K genes. Of these, three type B PIP5K genes, PIP5K7, PIP5K8, and PIP5K9, constitute a subgroup highly conserved in land plants, suggesting that they retain a critical function shared by land plants. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the biological functions of the PIP5K7–9 subgroup genes. Reporter gene analyses revealed their preferential expression in meristematic and vascular tissues. Their YFP‐fusion proteins localized primarily to the plasma membrane in root meristem epidermal cells. We selected a mutant line that was considered to be null for each gene. Under normal growth conditions, neither single mutants nor multiple mutants of any combination exhibited noticeable phenotypic changes. However, stress conditions with mannitol or NaCl suppressed main root growth and reduced proximal root meristem size to a greater extent in the pip5k7pip5k8pip5k9 triple mutant than in the wild type. In root meristem epidermal cells of the triple mutant, where plasma membrane localization of the PtdIns(4,5)P2 marker P24Y is impaired to a large extent, brefeldin A body formation is retarded compared with the wild type under hyperosmotic stress. These results indicate that PIP5K7, PIP5K8, and PIP5K9 are not required under normal growth conditions, but are redundantly involved in root growth adaptation to hyperosmotic conditions, possibly through the PtdIns(4,5)P2 function promoting plasma membrane recycling in root meristem cells.
Effects of chronic moderate alcohol consumption on right ventricle and pulmonary remodelling
Authors: Silva Ana Filipa , Sousa‐Nunes Fábio , Faria‐Costa Gabriel , Rodrigues Ilda , Guimarães João Tiago , Leite‐Moreira Adelino , Henriques‐Coelho Tiago , Negrão Rita , Moreira‐Gonçalves Daniel 
Published: February 2021

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?
Does the consumption of a moderate amount of alcohol differentially impact the heart ventricles and pulmonary vasculature.

What is the main finding and its importance?
Moderate alcohol consumption for a short period of time impaired pulmonary vascular cellular renewal through an apoptosis resistance pattern that ultimately affected the right ventricular function and structure. These findings support the need for a deeper understanding of effects of moderate alcohol consumption on the overall cardiovascular and pulmonary systems.

AbstractOver the past decades, observational studies have supported an association between moderate alcohol consumption and a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. However, recent and more robust meta‐analyses have raised concerns around the robustness of the evidence for the cardioprotective effects of alcohol. Also, studies of the functional, structural and molecular changes promoted by alcohol have focused primarily on the left ventricle, ignoring the fact that the right ventricle could adapt differently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bi‐ventricular impact of daily moderate alcohol intake, during a 4‐week period, in a rodent model. Male Wistar rats were allowed to drink water (Control) or a 5.2% ethanol mixture (ETOH) for 4 weeks. At the end of the protocol bi‐ventricular haemodynamic recordings were performed and samples collected for further histological and molecular analysis. ETOH ingestion did not impact cardiac function. However, it caused right ventricle hypertrophy, paralleled by an activation of molecular pathways responsible for cell growth (ERK1/2, AKT), proteolysis (MURF‐1) and oxidative stress (NOX4, SOD2). Furthermore, ETOH animals also presented remodelling of the pulmonary vasculature with an increase in pulmonary arteries’ medial thickness, which was characterized by increased expression of apoptosis‐related proteins expression (BCL‐XL, BAX and caspases). Moderate alcohol consumption for a short period of time impaired the lungs and the right ventricle early, before any change could be detected on the left ventricle. Right ventricular changes might be secondary to alcohol‐induced pulmonary vasculature remodelling.
Product Data Management Systems: State-of-the-Art and the Future
Authors: Bilgiç Taner , Rock Dennis 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We survey the current state-of-the-art in (commercial) Product Data Management (PDM) systems. After identifying the major functions of PDM systems, we indicate various shortcomings of the current PDM technology. An important shortcoming is in the representation and use of functions. We review the functional representation literature in the context of PDM technology. Systems management aspects of an engineering project is also commented on. We believe these two areas are the next two challenges awaiting PDM technology in the near future.
A Proposal for Replicated Data Management in Distributed Computer Supported Cooperative Work
Authors: Miyanishi Yohtaro , Masui Hisayuki , Sato Fukmiaki , Mizuno Tadanori 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Recently, various studies improving business efficiency have been made in industrial fields. The concept of “Virtual Enterprise” is one of them, and it aims to standardize information sharing mechanism among industries, and to establish common information infrastructure for cooperative work among different enterprises when necessary. In cooperative work support systems for virtual enterprise, the mutual connections are usually loosely coupled, and the network systems among each component enterprises are often isolated.
We propose a method for producing a specifications document, which parts are individually developed among multiple workers in a distributed system, and the parts of those workers’ responsibility are overlapped. Work results by each worker are considered as replicated data (i.e. replicas) of a distributed database, and the replicas are updated independently. Consequently the consistency among replicas and original database become inconsistent after updating. We assume that recovering the consistency between replicated data corresponds to achieving the adjustment of workers’ results or opinions.
The recovery is obtained by using the semantic information, which may be expressed by tree structures. The degree of completeness about specifications is assumed to be measured by “width” and “depth” of tree structures, and the temporal specifications are composed by the tree composition so that the degree of completeness may increase. In order to process by machine, some frameworks describing specifications must be necessary. By describing specifications using LOTOS, some examples explain that the composition can be realized.
Engineering Information Systems to Allow the Integration of Process Monitoring With Asset Management
Authors: Platfoot R. A. , Koh A. , Van Voorthuysen E. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A system has been developed whereby process data downloaded from PLC’s is entered into an information chain which incorporates an analysis module which provides tailored reports to a wide readership. The various positions associated with running the factory were analyzed for the types of decisions associated with the job responsibility plus the information necessary to support the decision making. A case study is presented for analyzing aspects of the manufacture of three piece steel aerosol cans. A hardware and software solution was designed, linking a machine cell through the PLC to a operator/process interface.
A Prototype Computer Supported Information Relation Analysis Tool (COMSIRA)
Authors: Hashemipour Majid , Deniz Dervis Z. , Topuz Cem , Anlagan Omer 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A methodology is proposed which aims at covering informational and functional analysis besides decision making processes. It comprises of a set of well defined steps and novel tools. The proposed methodology makes extensive use of reference architectures available. The methodology aims at using limited expertise, limited staff, and expenditure as it is especially suited for introducing CIM in SME’s.
A Computer Supported Information Requirement Analysis tool (COMSIRA) has been developed for the methodology, in order to capture and represent the approach of experienced analysts studying the enterprise-wide prospective CIM information requirements. This paper emphasizes the operational aspects of COMSIRA along with introducing the methodology. Some examples extracted from a real case implementation are also presented.
Mothers intention and preference to use mobile phone text message reminders for child vaccination in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonnen Zeleke Abebaw , Gelaye Kassahun Alemu , Were Martin C. , Tilahun Binyam 
Published: February 2021

ObjectivesWith the unprecedented penetration of mobile devices in the developing world, mHealth applications are being leveraged for different health domains. Among the different factors that affect the use of mHealth interventions is the intention and preference of end-users to use the system. This study aimed to assess mother’s intention and preference to use text message reminders for vaccination in Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 460 mothers selected through a systematic random sampling technique. Initially, descriptive statistics were computed. Binary logistic regression analysis was also used to assess factors associated with the outcome variable.ResultsIn this study, of the 456 mothers included for analysis, 360 (78.9%) of mothers have intention to use text message reminders for vaccination. Of these, 270 (75%) wanted to receive the reminders a day before the vaccination due date. Mothers aged 35 years or more (AOR=0.35; 95% CI: 0.15 to 0.83), secondary education and above (AOR=4.43; 95% CI: 2.05 to 9.58), duration of mobile phone use (AOR=3.63; 95% CI: 1.66 to 7.94), perceived usefulness (AOR=6.37; 95% CI: 3.13 to 12.98) and perceived ease of use (AOR=3.85; 95% CI: 2.06 to 7.18) were predictors of intention to use text messages for vaccination.ConclusionIn conclusion, majority of mothers have the intention to use text message reminders for child vaccination. Mother’s age, education, duration of mobile phone use, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use were associated with intention of mothers to use text messages for vaccination. Considering these predictors and user’s preferences before developing and testing text message reminder systems is recommended.
Survey of the practices of neonatologists in managing neonates believed to be at high risk of sleep disordered breathing
Authors: Mehta Bhavesh , Waters Karen , Fitzgerald Dominic , Badawi Nadia 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTo determine the practices of neonatologists in managing high-risk neonates believed to be at risk of sleep disordered breathing (SDB).DesignAn electronic web-based questionnaire assessing awareness of and current practices for managing neonates predisposed to SDB with conditions like craniofacial anomalies, neuromuscular disorders or airway problems was emailed to 232 neonatologists and neonatal fellows working in Australia and New Zealand (NZ). Additionally, neonatologists were approached directly during the annual Australia and NZ perinatal conference in 2019.Results93 neonatologists (40%) responded to the survey. The majority (85%) of the respondents stated that there were no written protocols/criteria for sleep consultation in their unit. We found considerable variations in the threshold for performing tests including oximetry or referring for polysomnography. Most respondents would perform oximetry before referring for a sleep consultation. However, the duration of oximetry varied from 6 to 24 hours and there was no consensus about what is considered abnormal on an oximetry study.ConclusionManagement of SDB is gaining importance in neonatal care because of prolonged length of hospital stay and possible long-term effects of SDB. Responses received suggest a lack of clarity regarding thresholds for referral for treatment of SDB. Likely contributory factors are concerns regarding a lack of long-term outcome data from treatment perceived to be onerous for the family, unsettling to some infants and delaying hospital discharge. To overcome inconsistencies in practice, standardised guidelines for assessing and managing SDB in neonates are needed.
Investigation of work–life integration on burnout symptoms in women physician runners: a cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Uhlig-Reche Hannah , Larson Allison R , Silver Julie K , Tenforde Adam , McQueen Alisa , Verduzco-Gutierrez Monica 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate which factors, from demographics to work–life integration, are associated with burnout symptoms among self-declared active women physicians practising in the USA.MethodsCross-sectional study of those actively engaged in a social media group for women physician runners. Electronically surveyed using 60 questions covering demographics, compensation, debt and domestic responsibilities with burnout assessed by the Mini-Z Burnout Survey.ResultsOf the 369 women meeting inclusion criteria as attending physicians practising in the USA, the majority reported being White (74.5%) and at least 6 years out from training (85.9%). There was a significant association of increased burnout level with working more hours per week and being responsible for a greater percentage of domestic duties (p<0.0001 and p=0.003, respectively). Both factors remained significant in a multivariable model (p<0.0001).ConclusionBy exploring burnout in the physically active, we are better able to investigate contributors to burnout despite healthy exercise habits. Increased burnout was significantly associated with greater domestic responsibility and hours working. These findings in women physician runners suggest that exercise alone may not control burnout. Poor work–life integration deserves attention as a burnout contributor in women physicians, potentially serving as a target for burnout prevention strategies.
Characteristics of patients who had a stroke not initially identified during emergency prehospital assessment: a systematic review
Authors: Jones Stephanie P , Bray Janet E , Gibson Josephine ME , McClelland Graham , Miller Colette , Price Chris I , Watkins Caroline L 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundAround 25% of patients who had a stroke do not present with typical ‘face, arm, speech’ symptoms at onset, and are challenging for emergency medical services (EMS) to identify. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the characteristics of acute stroke presentations associated with inaccurate EMS identification (false negatives).MethodWe performed a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PubMed from 1995 to August 2020 using key terms: stroke, EMS, paramedics, identification and assessment. Studies included: patients who had a stroke or patient records; ≥18 years; any stroke type; prehospital assessment undertaken by health professionals including paramedics or technicians; data reported on prehospital diagnostic accuracy and/or presenting symptoms. Data were extracted and study quality assessed by two researchers using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies V.2 tool.ResultsOf 845 studies initially identified, 21 observational studies met the inclusion criteria. Of the 6934 stroke and Transient Ischaemic Attack patients included, there were 1774 (26%) false negative patients (range from 4 (2%) to 247 (52%)). Commonly documented symptoms in false negative cases were speech problems (n=107; 13%–28%), nausea/vomiting (n=94; 8%–38%), dizziness (n=86; 23%–27%), changes in mental status (n=51; 8%–25%) and visual disturbance/impairment (n=43; 13%–28%).ConclusionSpeech problems and posterior circulation symptoms were the most commonly documented symptoms among stroke presentations that were not correctly identified by EMS (false negatives). However, the addition of further symptoms to stroke screening tools requires valuation of subsequent sensitivity and specificity, training needs and possible overuse of high priority resources.
Examining the utility of extended laboratory panel testing in the emergency department for risk stratification of patients with COVID-19: a single-centre retrospective service evaluation
Authors: Ponsford Mark J , Burton Ross J , Smith Leitchan , Khan Palwasha Y , Andrews Robert , Cuff Simone , Tan Laura , Eberl Matthias , Humphreys Ian R , Babolhavaeji Farbod , Artemiou Andreas , Pandey Manish , Jolles Stephen R A , Underwood Jonathan 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThe role of specific blood tests to predict poor prognosis in patients admitted with infection from SARS-CoV-2 remains uncertain. During the first wave of the global pandemic, an extended laboratory testing panel was integrated into the local pathway to guide triage and healthcare resource utilisation for emergency admissions. We conducted a retrospective service evaluation to determine the utility of extended tests (D-dimer, ferritin, high-sensitivity troponin I, lactate dehydrogenase and procalcitonin) compared with the core panel (full blood count, urea and electrolytes, liver function tests and C reactive protein).MethodsClinical outcomes for adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted between 17 March and 30 June 2020 were extracted, alongside costs estimates for individual tests. Prognostic performance was assessed using multivariable logistic regression analysis with 28-day mortality used as the primary endpoint and a composite of 28-day intensive care escalation or mortality for secondary analysis.ResultsFrom 13 500 emergency attendances, we identified 391 unique adults admitted with COVID-19. Of these, 113 died (29%) and 151 (39%) reached the composite endpoint. ‘Core’ test variables adjusted for age, gender and index of deprivation had a prognostic area under the curve of 0.79 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.91) for mortality and 0.70 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.84) for the composite endpoint. Addition of ‘extended’ test components did not improve on this.ConclusionOur findings suggest use of the extended laboratory testing panel to risk stratify community-acquired COVID-19 positive patients on admission adds limited prognostic value. We suggest laboratory requesting should be targeted to patients with specific clinical indications.
In silico trials predict that combination strategies for enhancing vesicular stomatitis oncolytic virus are determined by tumor aggressivity
Authors: Jenner Adrianne L , Cassidy Tyler , Belaid Katia , Bourgeois-Daigneault Marie-Claude , Craig Morgan 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundImmunotherapies, driven by immune-mediated antitumorigenicity, offer the potential for significant improvements to the treatment of multiple cancer types. Identifying therapeutic strategies that bolster antitumor immunity while limiting immune suppression is critical to selecting treatment combinations and schedules that offer durable therapeutic benefits. Combination oncolytic virus (OV) therapy, wherein complementary OVs are administered in succession, offer such promise, yet their translation from preclinical studies to clinical implementation is a major challenge. Overcoming this obstacle requires answering fundamental questions about how to effectively design and tailor schedules to provide the most benefit to patients.MethodsWe developed a computational biology model of combined oncolytic vaccinia (an enhancer virus) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) calibrated to and validated against multiple data sources. We then optimized protocols in a cohort of heterogeneous virtual individuals by leveraging this model and our previously established in silico clinical trial platform.ResultsEnhancer multiplicity was shown to have little to no impact on the average response to therapy. However, the duration of the VSV injection lag was found to be determinant for survival outcomes. Importantly, through treatment individualization, we found that optimal combination schedules are closely linked to tumor aggressivity. We predicted that patients with aggressively growing tumors required a single enhancer followed by a VSV injection 1 day later, whereas a small subset of patients with the slowest growing tumors needed multiple enhancers followed by a longer VSV delay of 15 days, suggesting that intrinsic tumor growth rates could inform the segregation of patients into clinical trials and ultimately determine patient survival. These results were validated in entirely new cohorts of virtual individuals with aggressive or non-aggressive subtypes.ConclusionsBased on our results, improved therapeutic schedules for combinations with enhancer OVs can be studied and implemented. Our results further underline the impact of interdisciplinary approaches to preclinical planning and the importance of computational approaches to drug discovery and development.