bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A human antibody selective for transthyretin amyloid removes cardiac amyloid through phagocytic immune cells
Authors: Michalon Aubin , Hagenbuch Andreas , Huy Christian , Varela Evita , Combaluzier Benoit , Damy Thibaud , Suhr Ole B. , Saraiva Maria J. , Hock Christoph , Nitsch Roger M. , Jan Grimm  
Published: May 2021

AbstractTransthyretin amyloid (ATTR) cardiomyopathy is a debilitating disease leading to heart failure and death. It is characterized by the deposition of extracellular ATTR fibrils in the myocardium. Reducing myocardial ATTR load is a therapeutic goal anticipated to translate into restored cardiac function and improved patient survival. For this purpose, we developed the selective anti-ATTR antibody NI301A, a recombinant human monoclonal immunoglobulin G1. NI301A was cloned following comprehensive analyses of memory B cell repertoires derived from healthy elderly subjects. NI301A binds selectively with high affinity to the disease-associated ATTR aggregates of either wild-type or variant ATTR related to sporadic or hereditary disease, respectively. It does not bind physiological transthyretin. NI301A removes ATTR deposits ex vivo from patient-derived myocardium by macrophages, as well as in vivo from mice grafted with patient-derived ATTR fibrils in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. The biological activity of ATTR removal involves antibody-mediated activation of phagocytic immune cells including macrophages. These data support the evaluation of safety and tolerability of NI301A in an ongoing phase 1 clinical trial in patients with ATTR cardiomyopathy.
Non-productive angiogenesis disassembles Aß plaque-associated blood vessels
Authors: Alvarez-Vergara Maria I. , Rosales-Nieves Alicia E. , March-Diaz Rosana , Rodriguez-Perinan Guiomar , Lara-Ureña Nieves , Ortega-de San Luis Clara , Sanchez-Garcia Manuel A. , Martin-Bornez Miguel , Gómez-Gálvez Pedro , Vicente-Munuera Pablo , Fernandez-Gomez Beatriz , Marchena Miguel A. , Bullones-Bolanos Andrea S. , Davila Jose C. , Gonzalez-Martinez Rocio , Trillo-Contreras Jose L. , Sanchez-Hidalgo Ana C. , del Toro Raquel , Scholl Francisco G. , Herrera Eloisa , Trepel Martin , Körbelin Jakob , Escudero Luis M. , Villadiego Javier , Echevarria Miriam , de Castro Fernando , Gutierrez Antonia , Rabano Alberto , Vitorica Javier , Pascual Alberto 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe human Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain accumulates angiogenic markers but paradoxically, the cerebral microvasculature is reduced around Aß plaques. Here we demonstrate that angiogenesis is started near Aß plaques in both AD mouse models and human AD samples. However, endothelial cells express the molecular signature of non-productive angiogenesis (NPA) and accumulate, around Aß plaques, a tip cell marker and IB4 reactive vascular anomalies with reduced NOTCH activity. Notably, NPA induction by endothelial loss of presenilin, whose mutations cause familial AD and which activity has been shown to decrease with age, produced a similar vascular phenotype in the absence of Aß pathology. We also show that Aß plaque-associated NPA locally disassembles blood vessels, leaving behind vascular scars, and that microglial phagocytosis contributes to the local loss of endothelial cells. These results define the role of NPA and microglia in local blood vessel disassembly and highlight the vascular component of presenilin loss of function in AD.
Realizing high-power and high-capacity zinc/sodium metal anodes through interfacial chemistry regulation
Authors: Hou Zhen , Gao Yao , Tan Hong , Zhang Biao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStable plating/stripping of metal electrodes under high power and high capacity remains a great challenge. Tailoring the deposition behavior on the substrate could partly resolve dendrites’ formation, but it usually works only under low current densities and limited capacities. Here we turn to regulate the separator’s interfacial chemistry through tin coating with decent conductivity and excellent zincophilicity. The former homogenizes the electric field distribution for smooth zinc metal on the substrate, while the latter enables the concurrent zinc deposition on the separator with a face-to-face growth. Consequently, dendrite-free zinc morphologies and superior cycling stability are achieved at simultaneous high current densities and large cycling capacities (1000 h at 5 mA/cm2 for 5 mAh/cm2 and 500 h at 10 mA/cm2 for 10 mAh/cm2). Furthermore, the concept could be readily extended to sodium metal anodes, demonstrating the interfacial chemistry regulation of separator is a promising route to circumvent the metal anode challenges.
In vivo partial reprogramming of myofibers promotes muscle regeneration by remodeling the stem cell niche
Authors: Wang Chao , Rabadan Ros Ruben , Martinez-Redondo Paloma , Ma Zaijun , Shi Lei , Xue Yuan , Guillen-Guillen Isabel , Huang Ling , Hishida Tomoaki , Liao Hsin-Kai , Nuñez Delicado Estrella , Rodriguez Esteban Concepcion , Guillen-Garcia Pedro , Reddy Pradeep , Izpisua Belmonte Juan Carlos 
Published: May 2021

AbstractShort-term, systemic expression of the Yamanaka reprogramming factors (Oct-3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc [OSKM]) has been shown to rejuvenate aging cells and promote tissue regeneration in vivo. However, the mechanisms by which OSKM promotes tissue regeneration are unknown. In this work, we focus on a specific tissue and demonstrate that local expression of OSKM, specifically in myofibers, induces the activation of muscle stem cells or satellite cells (SCs), which accelerates muscle regeneration in young mice. In contrast, expressing OSKM directly in SCs does not improve muscle regeneration. Mechanistically, expressing OSKM in myofibers regulates the expression of genes important for the SC microenvironment, including upregulation of p21, which in turn downregulates Wnt4. This is critical because Wnt4 is secreted by myofibers to maintain SC quiescence. Thus, short-term induction of the Yamanaka factors in myofibers may promote tissue regeneration by modifying the stem cell niche.
Sub-micro droplet reactors for green synthesis of Li3VO4 anode materials in lithium ion batteries
Authors: Tran Huu Ha , Vu Ngoc Hung , Ha Hyunwoo , Moon Joonhee , Kim Hyun You , Im Won Bin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe conventional solid-state reaction suffers from low diffusivity, high energy consumption, and uncontrolled morphology. These limitations are competed by the presence of water in solution route reaction. Herein, based on concept of combining above methods, we report a facile solid-state reaction conducted in water vapor at low temperature along with calcium doping for modifying lithium vanadate as anode material for lithium-ion batteries. The optimized material, delivers a superior specific capacity of 543.1, 477.1, and 337.2 mAh g−1 after 200 and 1000 cycles at current densities of 100, 1000 and 4000 mA g−1, respectively, which is attributed to the contribution of pseudocapacitance. In this work, we also use experimental and theoretical calculation to demonstrate that the enhancement of doped lithium vanadate is attributed to particles confinement of droplets in water vapor along with the surface and structure variation of calcium doping effect.
Manipulating anion intercalation enables a high-voltage aqueous dual ion battery
Authors: Huang Zhaodong , Hou Yue , Wang Tairan , Zhao Yuwei , Liang Guojin , Li Xinliang , Guo Ying , Yang Qi , Chen Ze , Li Qing , Ma Longtao , Fan Jun , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAqueous graphite-based dual ion batteries have unique superiorities in stationary energy storage systems due to their non-transition metal configuration and safety properties. However, there is an absence of thorough study of the interactions between anions and water molecules and between anions and electrode materials, which is essential to achieve high output voltage. Here we reveal the four-stage intercalation process and energy conversion in a graphite cathode of anions with different configurations. The difference between the intercalation energy and hydration energy of bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide makes the best use of the electrochemical stability window of its electrolyte and delivers a high intercalation potential, while BF4− and CF3SO3− do not exhibit a satisfactory potential because the graphite intercalation potential of BF4− is inferior and the graphite intercalation potential of CF3SO3− exceeds the voltage window of its electrolyte. An aqueous dual ion battery based on the intercalation behaviors of bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide anions into a graphite cathode exhibits a high voltage of 2.2 V together with a specific energy of 242.74 Wh kg−1. This work provides clear guidance for the voltage plateau manipulation of anion intercalation into two-dimensional materials.
Gut microbiota diversity after autologous fecal microbiota transfer in acute myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Malard Florent , Vekhoff Anne , Lapusan Simona , Isnard Francoise , D’incan-Corda Evelyne , Rey Jérôme , Saillard Colombe , Thomas Xavier , Ducastelle-Lepretre Sophie , Paubelle Etienne , Larcher Marie-Virginie , Rocher Clément , Recher Christian , Tavitian Suzanne , Bertoli Sarah , Michallet Anne-Sophie , Gilis Lila , Peterlin Pierre , Chevallier Patrice , Nguyen Stéphanie , Plantamura Emilie , Boucinha Lilia , Gasc Cyrielle , Michallet Mauricette , Dore Joel , Legrand Ollivier , Mohty Mohamad 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) intensive chemotherapy combined with broad-spectrum antibiotics, leads to gut microbiota dysbiosis promoting pathological conditions and an increased incidence of complications. Here we report findings from a phase II single-arm, multicenter study evaluating autologous fecal microbiota transfer (AFMT) in 25 AML patients treated with intensive chemotherapy and antibiotics (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT02928523). The co-primary outcomes of the study are to evaluate the efficacy of AFMT in dysbiosis correction and multidrug-resistant bacteria eradication. The main secondary outcomes are to define a dysbiosis biosignature, to evaluate the effect of dysbiosis correction on patient clinical status, to assess the short and mid-term safety of AFMT in this immunocompromised population, and to evaluate the feasibility of the AFMT procedure and acceptability by the patient. Intensive induction chemotherapy induces a dramatic decrease of α-diversity indices, and a microbial dysbiosis with a significant shift of the microbial communities and domination of pro-inflammatory families. After AFMT treatment, α-diversity indices return to their initial mean levels and the similarity index shows the restoration of microbial communities. The trial meets pre-specified endpoints. AFMT appears to be safe and may be effective for gut microbiota restoration in AML patients receiving intensive chemotherapy and antibiotics, with an excellent gut microbiota reconstruction based on both richness and diversity indices at the species level.
Small-molecule inhibition of Lats kinases may promote Yap-dependent proliferation in postmitotic mammalian tissues
Authors: Kastan Nathaniel , Gnedeva Ksenia , Alisch Theresa , Petelski Aleksandra A. , Huggins David J. , Chiaravalli Jeanne , Aharanov Alla , Shakked Avraham , Tzahor Eldad , Nagiel Aaron , Segil Neil , Hudspeth A. J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHippo signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that restricts growth and regeneration predominantly by suppressing the activity of the transcriptional coactivator Yap. Using a high-throughput phenotypic screen, we identified a potent and non-toxic activator of Yap. In vitro kinase assays show that the compound acts as an ATP-competitive inhibitor of Lats kinases—the core enzymes in Hippo signaling. The substance prevents Yap phosphorylation and induces proliferation of supporting cells in the murine inner ear, murine cardiomyocytes, and human Müller glia in retinal organoids. RNA sequencing indicates that the inhibitor reversibly activates the expression of transcriptional Yap targets: upon withdrawal, a subset of supporting-cell progeny exits the cell cycle and upregulates genes characteristic of sensory hair cells. Our results suggest that the pharmacological inhibition of Lats kinases may promote initial stages of the proliferative regeneration of hair cells, a process thought to be permanently suppressed in the adult mammalian inner ear.
Switchable stimulated Raman scattering microscopy with photochromic vibrational probes
Authors: Ao Jianpeng , Fang Xiaofeng , Miao Xianchong , Ling Jiwei , Kang Hyunchul , Park Sungnam , Wu Changfeng , Ji Minbiao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPhotochromic probes with reversible fluorescence have revolutionized the fields of single molecule spectroscopy and super-resolution microscopy, but lack sufficient chemical specificity. In contrast, Raman probes with stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy provides superb chemical resolution for super-multiplexed imaging, but are relatively inert. Here we report vibrational photochromism by engineering alkyne tagged diarylethene to realize photo-switchable SRS imaging. The narrow Raman peak of the alkyne group shifts reversibly upon photoisomerization of the conjugated diarylethene when irradiated by ultraviolet (UV) or visible light, yielding “on” or “off” SRS images taken at the photoactive Raman frequency. We demonstrated photo-rewritable patterning and encryption on thin films, painting/erasing of cells with labelled alkyne-diarylethene, as well as pulse-chase experiments of mitochondria diffusion in living cells. The design principle provides potentials for super-resolution microscopy, optical memories and switches with vibrational specificity.
Cytosolic dsDNA of mitochondrial origin induces cytotoxicity and neurodegeneration in cellular and zebrafish models of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Matsui Hideaki , Ito Junko , Matsui Noriko , Uechi Tamayo , Onodera Osamu , Kakita Akiyoshi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction and lysosomal dysfunction have been implicated in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the links between these dysfunctions in PD pathogenesis are still largely unknown. Here we report that cytosolic dsDNA of mitochondrial origin escaping from lysosomal degradation was shown to induce cytotoxicity in cultured cells and PD phenotypes in vivo. The depletion of PINK1, GBA and/or ATP13A2 causes increases in cytosolic dsDNA of mitochondrial origin and induces type I interferon (IFN) responses and cell death in cultured cell lines. These phenotypes are rescued by the overexpression of DNase II, a lysosomal DNase that degrades discarded mitochondrial DNA, or the depletion of IFI16, which acts as a sensor for cytosolic dsDNA of mitochondrial origin. Reducing the abundance of cytosolic dsDNA by overexpressing human DNase II ameliorates movement disorders and dopaminergic cell loss in gba mutant PD model zebrafish. Furthermore, IFI16 and cytosolic dsDNA puncta of mitochondrial origin accumulate in the brain of patients with PD. These results support a common causative role for the cytosolic leakage of mitochondrial DNA in PD pathogenesis.
Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in vaccinated individuals
Authors: Becker Matthias , Dulovic Alex , Junker Daniel , Ruetalo Natalia , Kaiser Philipp D. , Pinilla Yudi T. , Heinzel Constanze , Haering Julia , Traenkle Bjoern , Wagner Teresa R. , Layer Mirjam , Mehrlaender Martin , Mirakaj Valbona , Held Jana , Planatscher Hannes , Schenke-Layland Katja , Krause Gérard , Strengert Monika , Bakchoul Tamam , Althaus Karina , Fendel Rolf , Kreidenweiss Andrea , Koeppen Michael , Rothbauer Ulrich , Schindler Michael , Schneiderhan-Marra Nicole 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 is evolving with mutations in the receptor binding domain (RBD) being of particular concern. It is important to know how much cross-protection is offered between strains following vaccination or infection. Here, we obtain serum and saliva samples from groups of vaccinated (Pfizer BNT-162b2), infected and uninfected individuals and characterize the antibody response to RBD mutant strains. Vaccinated individuals have a robust humoral response after the second dose and have high IgG antibody titers in the saliva. Antibody responses however show considerable differences in binding to RBD mutants of emerging variants of concern and substantial reduction in RBD binding and neutralization is observed against a patient-isolated South African variant. Taken together our data reinforce the importance of the second dose of Pfizer BNT-162b2 to acquire high levels of neutralizing antibodies and high antibody titers in saliva suggest that vaccinated individuals may have reduced transmission potential. Substantially reduced neutralization for the South African variant further highlights the importance of surveillance strategies to detect new variants and targeting these in future vaccines.
Highly-efficient electrically-driven localized surface plasmon source enabled by resonant inelastic electron tunneling
Authors: Qian Haoliang , Li Shilong , Hsu Su-Wen , Chen Ching-Fu , Tian Fanglin , Tao Andrea R. , Liu Zhaowei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOn-chip plasmonic circuitry offers a promising route to meet the ever-increasing requirement for device density and data bandwidth in information processing. As the key building block, electrically-driven nanoscale plasmonic sources such as nanoLEDs, nanolasers, and nanojunctions have attracted intense interest in recent years. Among them, surface plasmon (SP) sources based on inelastic electron tunneling (IET) have been demonstrated as an appealing candidate owing to the ultrafast quantum-mechanical tunneling response and great tunability. However, the major barrier to the demonstrated IET-based SP sources is their low SP excitation efficiency due to the fact that elastic tunneling of electrons is much more efficient than inelastic tunneling. Here, we remove this barrier by introducing resonant inelastic electron tunneling (RIET)—follow a recent theoretical proposal—at the visible/near-infrared (NIR) frequencies and demonstrate highly-efficient electrically-driven SP sources. In our system, RIET is supported by a TiN/Al2O3 metallic quantum well (MQW) heterostructure, while monocrystalline silver nanorods (AgNRs) were used for the SP generation (localized surface plasmons (LSPs)). In principle, this RIET approach can push the external quantum efficiency (EQE) close to unity, opening up a new era of SP sources for not only high-performance plasmonic circuitry, but also advanced optical sensing applications.
Dirac cone, flat band and saddle point in kagome magnet YMn6Sn6
Authors: Li Man , Wang Qi , Wang Guangwei , Yuan Zhihong , Song Wenhua , Lou Rui , Liu Zhengtai , Huang Yaobo , Liu Zhonghao , Lei Hechang , Yin Zhiping , Wang Shancai 
Published: May 2021

AbstractKagome-lattices of 3d-transition metals hosting Weyl/Dirac fermions and topological flat bands exhibit non-trivial topological characters and novel quantum phases, such as the anomalous Hall effect and fractional quantum Hall effect. With consideration of spin–orbit coupling and electron correlation, several instabilities could be induced. The typical characters of the electronic structure of a kagome lattice, i.e., the saddle point, Dirac-cone, and flat band, around the Fermi energy (EF) remain elusive in magnetic kagome materials. We present the experimental observation of the complete features in ferromagnetic kagome layers of YMn6Sn6 helically coupled along the c-axis, by using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and band structure calculations. We demonstrate a Dirac dispersion near EF, which is predicted by spin-polarized theoretical calculations, carries an intrinsic Berry curvature and contributes to the anomalous Hall effect in transport measurements. In addition, a flat band and a saddle point with a high density of states near EF are observed. These multi-sets of kagome features are of orbital-selective origin and could cause multi-orbital magnetism. The Dirac fermion, flat band and saddle point in the vicinity of EF open an opportunity in manipulating the topological properties in magnetic materials.
Response of Nagpur mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) to high density planting systems
Authors: Ladaniya M. S. , Marathe R. A. , Murkute A. A. , Huchche A. D. , Das A. K. , George Anjitha , Kolwadkar Jayashree 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHigh density planting system i.e. accommodating a higher number of plants than routine in a given area is an innovative agro-technology to increase yield and thereby early net returns. Due to conventional wide spacing plantation in Nagpur mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco), the land remains unutilized as the plant canopy gradually increases over the years. In the present study, Nagpur mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) budded on Rangpur lime rootstock was evaluated under six different planting spacings. It was observed that the organic carbon (1.10–1.82%) and major nutrients viz. N (309–430 kg ha−1), P (20–54 kg ha−1) and K (291–810 kg ha−1) increased vis-à-vis plant density and was highest under 2 × 2 m spacing. Plants were tallest at 2 × 2 m spacing with the higher PAR interception (88.2) and the lowest leaf area index (1.09). Fruit yield on area basis, under 2 × 2 m spacing was 26, 7.1, 4.6 times more as compared to conventional plantation during the first, second and third year, respectively. At fifth year of crop harvest, the highest B:C ratio (6.36) was recorded in 6 × 3 m followed by 4 × 2 m and 2 × 2 m.
Knowledge of preconception care and its association with family planning utilization among women in Ethiopia: meta-analysis
Authors: Alemu Addisu Alehegn , Bitew Mezinew Sintayehu , Zeleke Liknaw Bewket , Sharew Yewbmirt , Desta Melaku , Sahile Ermias , Yemaneh Yayehyirad , Kassa Getachew Mullu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPreconception care (PCC) increases the chance of couple’s being healthy and having a healthier baby. It is an important strategy to prevent maternal and perinatal complications. The level of knowledge on preconception care increases its uptake. It is also considered as an input for further intervention of reduction in maternal and neonatal mortality enabling progress towards sustainable development goals (SDGs). Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled knowledge level of PCC and its association with family planning usage among women in Ethiopia. All observational studies regardless of publication status were retrieved. Important search terms were used to search articles in Google scholar, African Journals Online, CINHAL, HINARI, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed/Medline. Independent critical appraisal of retrieved studies was done using the Newcastle–Ottawa assessment checklist. The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA version 14 software. The I2 statistics were used to test heterogeneity, whereas publication bias was assessed by Begg’s and Egger’s tests. The results of the meta-analysis were explained in the Odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and presented using forest plots. A total of seven articles were included in the current systematic review and meta-analysis. Based on the data retrieved from the articles, 35.7% of women in Ethiopia had good knowledge about preconception care. The subgroup analysis based on region revealed the lowest (22.34%) and highest (45.06%) percentage of good knowledge on preconception care among women who were living in Amhara and Oromia regions, respectively. Moreover, women who utilized family planning services were three and more times (OR 3.65 (95% CI 2.11, 6.31)) more likely to have a good level of knowledge about preconception care. One-third of Ethiopian women had good knowledge about preconception care. Family planning utilization had a positive impact on women’s knowledge of preconception care.