bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design a Catalytic Cathode Material with Abundant Oxygen Vacancies to Accelerate the Kinetics of Lean‐Electrolyte Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Mao Limin , Xie Hongtao , Wang Fei , Mao Jian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLean‐electrolyte lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries are confronted with sluggish reaction kinetics, which required high catalytic materials to improve electrochemical performance. Herein, high catalytic‐activity Ce‐doped TiO2 nanoparticles were combined into reduced graphene oxides (rGO) as the sulfur cathode (Ce‐doped TiO2/rGO/S). The impact of doping amounts of Ce on oxygen vacancies (OVs) was studied. Among the different Ce doping amounts, the 0.4 wt% Ce doping TiO2 (0.4 Ce−TiO2) exhibits the best catalysis and adsorption for Li2S6 due to the most OVs in 0.4 Ce−TiO2. Rich OVs can provide more active sites for sulfur adsorption and present stronger catalytic activity to polysulfides. With an electrolyte to sulfur (E/S) ratio of 7 μL mgS−1, the 0.4 Ce−TiO2/rGO/S exhibits the best electrochemical capability when compared with TiO2/rGO/S and rGO/S. It has a high capacity of 1421.9 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C (1 C=1675 mA g−1), and excellent rate performance. The 0.4 Ce−TiO2/rGO/S also has a higher capacity and more stable cyclic performance than TiO2/rGO/S when the temperature elevates to 60 °C.
Modeling and economic analysis of biomass and plastic conversion to power
Authors: Gunukula Sampath , Tran Dat T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe viability of converting wood chips and plastic to power via compact integrated catalytic fast/slow pyrolysis, combustor, and Stirling engine technologies was determined using modeling analysis. Aspen simulations followed by sizing analysis were performed to determine the size, weight, and net energy efficiency of upgrading wood chips and plastic to power using a compact energy system with a feedstock processing capacity of 1 kg h−1. The equipment and tooling to fabricate individual components of a compact energy system were identified. The total costs of fabricating all the individual components of compact energy systems were assessed. A discounted cash flow analysis with an internal rate of return of 20% was used to assess the minimum selling price of compact energy systems. The specific energy (Wh kg−1) of the compact catalytic fast pyrolysis system, compact slow pyrolysis system, and compact plastic conversion system were assessed at 20, 29, and 63, respectively. The assessed capital and annual costs of manufacturing 10 000 compact energy systems per year were $51 million and about $11 to $13 million, respectively. The calculated minimum selling price of a catalytic fast pyrolysis system, a compact slow pyrolysis system, and a compact plastic conversion system were $3055, $3021, and $2980, respectively. The sensitivity analysis results showed that the internal rate of return, capital investment, materials cost, annual operating costs, and capital cost have significant impacts on the minimum selling price of compact energy systems. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Engineering human liver fatty acid binding protein for detection of poly‐ and perfluoroalkyl substances
Authors: Mann Madison M. , Tang James D. , Berger Bryan W. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPer‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of synthetic fluorinated chemicals with surface active and water‐repellent properties. The combination of wide‐spread use in numerous consumer and industrial products and extended biological half‐lives arising from strong carbon–fluorine bonds has led to significant accumulation of PFAS in humans. As most human interaction with PFAS comes from ingestion, it is important to be able to detect PFAS in drinking water as well as in agricultural water. Here we present an approach to designing a fluorescence‐based biosensor for the rapid detection of PFAS based on human liver fatty acid binding protein (hLFABP). Introduction of solvatochromic fluorophores within the ligand binding pocket (L50) allowed for intrinsic detection of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) via blue‐shifts in fluorescence emission spectra. Initially, a single tryptophan mutation (L50W) was found to be able to detect PFOA with a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.8 ppm. We improved the sensitivity of the biosensor by exchanging tryptophan for the thiol reactive fluorophore, acrylodan. The acrylodan conjugated C69S/F50C hLFABP variant is capable of detecting PFOA, PFOS, and PFHxS in PBS with LODs of 112 ppb, 345 ppb, and 1.09 ppm, respectively. The protein‐based sensor is also capable of detecting these contaminants at similar ranges in spiked environmental water samples, including samples containing an interfering anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate. Overall, this study demonstrates engineered hLFABP is a useful platform for detection of PFAS in environmental water samples and highlights its ease of use and versatility in field applications.
Circular economy practices and industry 4.0 technologies: A strategic move of automobile industry
Authors: Yu Zhang , Khan Syed Abdul Rehman , Umar Muhammad 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe fourth industrial revolution (IR4.0) toward automation and digitalization is the new trend among automobile production systems. Indubitably, the automobile industry has been scurrying in this revolution due to investment and governmental support availability. The current study examines the role of industry 4.0 on circular economy practices and supply chain capability to improve firm performance. Cross‐sectional data were collected from 286 respondents through a closed‐ended questionnaire. The adoption of circular economy practices improves the economic and operational performance of the firm. Also, industry 4.0 has the potential to make significant improvements in business operations. The empirical results confirm that industry 4.0 plays a positive role in implementation of circular economy practices and supply chain capability. Furthermore, circular economy practices provide evidence to have positive nexus with operational and economic performance. On the other hand, supply chain capability has a positive relationship with operational performance and has an insignificant association with economic performance, whereas operational performance improves economic health. Thus, the current research work provides the guidelines for the participating enterprises that can achieve sustainable goals by assimilating industry 4.0 in manufacturing systems.
Effects of marital status on survival of medullary thyroid cancer stratified by age
Authors: Ai Lei , Li Ning , Tan Hai‐Long , Wei Bo , Zhao Ya‐Xin , Chen Pei , Hu Hui‐Yu , Liu Mian , Ou‐Yang Deng‐Jie , Qin Zi‐en , Huang Peng , Chang Shi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeMarital status has emerged as an important influence on several cancer outcomes, but its role in medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) remains unclear. This study was to explore the effects of marital status on the prognosis of MTC patients and to determine whether its effects vary by age.Patients and methodsWe retrospectively extracted 1344 eligible patients diagnosed with MTC between 2004 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Based on the marital status, we divided those patients into married and unmarried groups. We compared the difference in overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) between married and unmarried via the Kaplan–Meier analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional models were performed to identify the prognostic factors of OS and CSS.ResultsThere were 1344 MTC eligible patients in a total of which 883 (65.7%) were married and 461 (34.3%) were unmarried. The comparison observed between married and unmarried patients was as follows: male (45.2% vs. 28.0%), age (≥52 years) (55.9% vs. 44.6%), White (86.7% vs. 78.7%), and undergo surgery (97.7% vs. 93.3%). Multivariate analysis revealed unmarried status as a risk factor independently associated with worse OS (HR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.59–2.92) rate and CSS (HR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.17–2.47) rate. In a further analysis stratified by age, there was no significant difference in OS and CSS between married and unmarried patients younger than 52 years. For the remaining group with 52 years old and higher, unmarried patients showed significantly higher risk of OS and CSS than married patients at all stages of the pathology except M1 stage.ConclusionMarried patients with MTC have a better prognosis than unmarried ones. Age can affect the association between marital status and the survival of MTC, and married elders may benefit more than youngers.
Electrodeposition of a dendrite‐free 3D Al anode for improving cycling of an aluminum–graphite battery
Authors: Li Junfeng , Hui Kwan San , Ji Shunping , Zha Chenyang , Yuan Chengzong , Wu Shuxing , Bin Feng , Fan Xi , Chen Fuming , Shao Zongping , Hui Kwun Nam 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAluminum–metal batteries show great potential as next‐generation energy storage due to their abundant resources and intrinsic safety. However, the crucial limitations of metallic Al anodes, such as dendrite and corrosion problems in conventional aluminum–metal batteries, remain challenging and elusive. Here, we report a novel electrodeposition strategy to prepare an optimized 3D Al anode on carbon cloth with an uniform deposition morphology, low local current density, and mitigatory volume change. The symmetrical cells with the 3D Al anode show superior stable cycling (>450 h) and low‐voltage hysteresis (~170 mV) at 0.5 mA cm−2. High reversibility (~99.7%) is achieved for the Al plating/stripping. The graphite | | Al‐4/CC full batteries show a long lifespan of 800 cycles with 54 mAh g−1 capacity at a high current density of 1000 mA g−1, benefiting from the high capacitive‐controlled distribution. This study proposes a novel strategy to design 3D Al anodes for metallic‐Al‐based batteries by eliminating the problems of planar Al anodes and realizing the potential applications of aluminum–graphite batteries.
4‐Iodopyrimidine Labeling Reveals Nuclear Translocation and Nuclease Activity for Both MIF and MIF2**
Authors: Xiao Zhangping , Chen Deng , Mulder Fabian , Song Shanshan , van der Wouden Petra E. , Cool Robbert H. , Melgert Barbro N. , Poelarends Gerrit J. , Dekker Frank J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMacrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and its homolog MIF2 (also known as D‐dopachrome tautomerase or DDT) play key roles in cell growth and immune responses. MIF and MIF2 expression is dysregulated in cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. Accurate and convenient detection of MIF and MIF2 will facilitate research on their roles in cancer and other diseases. Herein, we report the development and application of a 4‐iodopyrimidine based probe 8 for the selective labeling of MIF and MIF2. Probe 8 incorporates a fluorophore that allows in situ imaging of these two proteins. This enabled visualization of the translocation of MIF2 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus upon methylnitronitrosoguanidine stimulation of HeLa cells. This observation, combined with literature on nuclease activity for MIF, enabled the identification of nuclease activity for MIF2 on human genomic DNA.
Multifunctional Polyoxometalate Platforms for Supramolecular Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution**
Authors: Maloul Salam , van den Borg Matthias , Müller Carolin , Zedler Linda , Mengele Alexander K. , Gaissmaier Daniel , Jacob Timo , Rau Sven , Dietzek‐Ivanšić Benjamin , Streb Carsten 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMultifunctional supramolecular systems are a central research topic in light‐driven solar energy conversion. Here, we report a polyoxometalate (POM)‐based supramolecular dyad, where two platinum‐complex hydrogen evolution catalysts are covalently anchored to an Anderson polyoxomolybdate anion. Supramolecular electrostatic coupling of the system to an iridium photosensitizer enables visible light‐driven hydrogen evolution. Combined theory and experiment demonstrate the multifunctionality of the POM, which acts as photosensitizer/catalyst‐binding‐site[1] and facilitates light‐induced charge‐transfer and catalytic turnover. Chemical modification of the Pt‐catalyst site leads to increased hydrogen evolution reactivity. Mechanistic studies shed light on the role of the individual components and provide a molecular understanding of the interactions which govern stability and reactivity. The system could serve as a blueprint for multifunctional polyoxometalates in energy conversion and storage.
Ultrasmall Silicon Nanoparticles for Imaging and Killing Microorganisms: A Minireview
Authors: Wang Zihao , Wu Fu‐Gen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFluorescent silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs), a type of ultrasmall zero‐dimensional metal‐free silicon‐containing nanomaterials, are featured by excellent biocompatibility, good photoluminescence stability, and easy surface modification property. SiNPs have been widely applied in bioimaging, photoelectric devices, sensing, cancer therapies, and anti‐counterfeiting. In this minireview, the recent advancements of SiNPs in imaging and killing microorganisms (i. e., bacteria, bacterial spores, and fungi) and bacterial biofilms are summarized. Moreover, the synthesis and modification of these SiNPs are mentioned. Finally, concise summary and outlook related to the review topic are provided, and the future challenges are briefly discussed.
Cover Image
Authors: van Ineveld Ravian L. , Margaritis Thanasis , Kooiman Berend A.P. , Groenveld Femke , Ariese Hendrikus C.R. , Lijnzaad Philip , Johnson Hannah R. , Korving Jeroen , Wehrens Ellen J. , Holstege Frank , van Rheenen Jacco , Drost Jarno , Rios Anne C. , Bos Frank L. 
Published: November 2021

Tracking and Tracing: Lgr6 marks nephron progenitor cells during kidney development. From: LGR6 marks nephron progenitor cells; Ravian L. van Ineveld, Thanasis Margaritis, Berend A.P. Kooiman, et al.; https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.346; DevDyn 250:11; pp. 1568–1583.image
Epidemiological analysis of wild mushroom poisoning in Zhejiang province, China, 2016–2018
Authors: Chen Lili , Sun Liang , Zhang Ronghua , Liao Ningbo , Qi Xiaojuan , Chen Jiang , Liu Ting 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWild mushroom poisoning has been recognized as a global problem threatening human health. In this study, we aimed to explore characteristics of wild mushroom poisoning in Zhejiang province, China. From 2016 to 2018, 429 cases of wild mushroom poisoning were reported, and among them, there were 2 deaths and 84 hospitalizations, with the incidence of 0.2526 per 100,000 and the case fatality rate of 0.47%. Digestive symptoms were found in all cases. Systemic symptoms and signs, neurological symptoms, and urinary symptoms were found in 28.90% (124/429), 11.66% (50/429), and 4.90% (21/429) of the cases, respectively. The proportion of cases with incubation period <6 h was 85.78%, and those with ≥6 h accounted for 14.22%. The peak period of poisoning occurred from June to October annually. Quzhou (Moran’sI = 1.242,p < .05) and Lishui (Moran’sI = 0.759,p < .05) with mild climate, more mountains, and abundant rainfall were “hot spots” for the incidence of wild mushroom poisoning, showing a state of high‐incidence aggregation. Epidemiological analysis showed that there were seasonal, high‐incidence areas and high‐risk groups in wild mushroom poisoning. The government should give early warning to high‐incidence areas and strengthen publicity to high‐risk groups before wild mushrooms mature every summer and autumn. In addition, we recommend that ordinary people not pick wild mushrooms outdoors for consumption, because it is difficult to distinguish whether wild mushrooms are poisonous and do not buy wild mushrooms of unknown sources.
Validation of Dynamic Aspartate‐to–Alanine Aminotransferase Ratio for Predicting Liver Disease Mortality
Authors: Song In‐Ae , Jang Eun Sun , Oh Tak Kyu 
Published: October 2021

The dynamic aspartate‐to–alanine aminotransferase ratio (dAAR) was developed recently to predict the risk of incident chronic liver disease among the Nordic adult population; however, the dAAR has not been externally validated in other ethnic cohorts. Therefore, we aimed to examine the predictive ability of dAAR for liver disease mortality in the South Korean adult population. As a population‐based cohort study, we used the National Health Screening Cohort database, which included adult individuals who underwent standardized medical examinations between 2002 and 2003 in South Korea. The primary endpoint was liver disease mortality, defined as death due to liver disease. Liver disease mortality was evaluated between 2004 and 2015 (12 years). Analysis of data from 512,749 adults showed that 4,052 (0.8%) individuals died due to liver disease. On receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, the area under curve for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate‐to‐ALT ratio (AAR), and dAAR for liver disease mortality were 0.74, 0.55, and 0.81, respectively. The cutoff point of dAAR was determined to be 0.72 on ROC analysis, using the Youden index method. On competing risk analysis using the Fine and Gray model, the dAAR > 0.72 group demonstrated a 4.43‐fold higher rate of liver disease mortality (subdistribution hazard ratio: 4.43, 95% confidence interval: 4.11, 4.77; P < 0.001) after adjustment for covariates. Conclusion: The performance of dAAR in predicting liver disease mortality was better than that of AAR or ALT in South Korea. Our study suggests that dAAR scores can potentially be used for screening and predicting liver disease mortality among the general Korean population.
Population estimates and determinants of severe maternal thinness in India
Authors: Choedon Tashi , Sethi Vani , Chowdhury Ranadip , Bhatia Neena , Dinachandra Konsam , Murira Zivai , Bhanot Arti , Baswal Dinesh , de Wagt Arjan , Bhargava Madhavi , Meshram Indrapal Ishwarji , Babu Giridhara R. , Kulkarni Bharati , Divakar Hema , Jacob Chandni Maria , Killeen Sarah Louise , McAuliffe Fionnuala , Alambusha Ruby , Joe William , Hanson Mark 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo examine prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of maternal severe thinness in India.MethodsThis mixed methods study analyzed data from the Indian National Family Health Survey (NFHS)‐4 (2015–2016) to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for severe thinness, followed by a desk review of literature from India.ResultsPrevalence of severe thinness (defined by World Health Organization as body mass index [BMI] <16 in adult and BMI for age Z score < –2 SD in adolescents) was higher among pregnant adolescents (4.3%) compared with pregnant adult women (1.9%) and among postpartum adolescent women (6.3%) than postpartum adult women (2.4%) 2–6 months after delivery. Identified research studies showed prevalence of 4%–12% in pregnant women. Only 13/640 districts had at least three cases of severely thin pregnant women; others had lower numbers. Three or more postpartum women aged ≥20 years were severely thin in 32 districts. Among pregnant adolescents, earlier parity increased odds (OR 1.96; 95% CI, 1.18–3.27) of severe thinness. Access to household toilet facility reduced odds (OR 0.72; 95% CI, 0.52–0.99]. Among mothers aged ≥20 years, increasing education level was associated with decreasing odds of severe thinness (secondary: OR 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57–0.96 and Higher: OR 0.54; 95% CI, 0.32–0.91, compared with no education); household wealth and caste were also associated with severe thinness.ConclusionThis paper reveals the geographic pockets that need priority focus for managing severe thinness among pregnant women and mothers in India to limit the immediate and intergenerational adverse consequences emanating from these deprivations.
Retracted: The protective effects of propofol against renal ischemia‐reperfusion injury are potentiated by norisoboldine treatment via inhibition of oxidative stress pathways
Authors: Xing Dandan , Li QiuChang , Lin Guanwen , Lin Hui , Kang Wenyue , Zhang Min , Ding Rong , Li Na 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant worldwide health problem. The protective effects of norisoboldine (NOR) against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced renal injury in a rat model were evaluated. AKI was induced in rats by I/R. Animals were treated with 20 mg/kg/h propofol, intraperitoneally administered and 10 mg/kg NOR 30 min before inducing renal ischemia. Biomarkers of kidney function, including cytokines and oxidative stress parameters, were measured in serum. The serum levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in propofol‐ and NOR‐treated rats were lower compared to the untreated I/R group. Moreover, treatment with propofol or NOR, alone and in combination, decreased the levels of cytokines and oxidative stress in rats with kidney injury. In conclusion, this study suggested that treatment with NOR potentiated the nephroprotective effects of propofol in rats with I/R‐induced renal injury by ameliorating oxidative stress and apoptosis pathway.
Active cargo loading into extracellular vesicles: Highlights the heterogeneous encapsulation behaviour
Authors: Chen Chaoxiang , Sun Mengdi , Wang Jialin , Su Liyun , Lin Junjie , Yan Xiaomei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have demonstrated unique advantages in serving as nanocarriers for drug delivery, yet the cargo encapsulation efficiency is far from expectation, especially for hydrophilic chemotherapeutic drugs. Besides, the intrinsic heterogeneity of EVs renders it difficult to evaluate drug encapsulation behaviour. Inspired by the active drug loading strategy of liposomal nanomedicines, here we report the development of a method, named “Sonication and Extrusion‐assisted Active Loading” (SEAL), for effective and stable drug encapsulation of EVs. Using doxorubicin‐loaded milk‐derived EVs (Dox‐mEVs) as the model system, sonication was applied to temporarily permeabilize the membrane, facilitating the influx of ammonium sulfate solution into the lumen to establish the transmembrane ion gradient essential for active loading. Along with extrusion to downsize large mEVs, homogenize particle size and reshape the nonspherical or multilamellar vesicles, SEAL showed around 10‐fold enhancement of drug encapsulation efficiency compared with passive loading. Single‐particle analysis by nano‐flow cytometry was further employed to reveal the heterogeneous encapsulation behaviour of Dox‐mEVs which would otherwise be overlooked by bulk‐based approaches. Correlation analysis between doxorubicin auto‐fluorescence and the fluorescence of a lipophilic dye DiD suggested that only the lipid‐enclosed particles were actively loadable. Meanwhile, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that more than 85% of the casein positive particles was doxorubicin free. These findings further inspired the development of the lipid‐probe‐ and immuno‐mediated magnetic isolation techniques to selectively remove the contaminants of non‐lipid enclosed particles and casein assemblies, respectively. Finally, the intracellular assessments confirmed the superior performance of SEAL‐prepared mEV formulations, and demonstrated the impact of encapsulation heterogeneity on therapeutic outcome. The as‐developed cargo‐loading approach and nano‐flow cytometry‐based characterization method will provide an instructive insight in the development of EV‐based delivery systems.