bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interleukin‐34 accelerates intrauterine adhesions progress related to CX3CR1+ monocytes/macrophages
Authors: Wang Jiali , Li Dan , Pan Yuchen , Li Jingman , Jiang Qi , Liu Dan , Hou Yayi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntrauterine adhesions (IUA) are characterized by endometrial fibrosis and impose a great challenge for female reproduction. IL‐34 is profoundly involved in various fibrotic diseases through regulating the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of monocytes/macrophages. However, it remains unclear how IL‐34 regulates monocytes/macrophages in context of IUA. Here, we showed that the expression level of IL‐34 and the amount of CX3CR1+ monocytes/macrophages were significantly increased in endometrial tissues of IUA patients. IL‐34 promoted the differentiation of monocytes/macrophages, which express CX3CR1 via CSF‐1R/P13K/Akt pathway in vitro. Moreover, IL‐34‐induced CX3CR1+ monocytes/macrophages promoted the differentiation of endometrial stromal cells into myofibroblasts. Of note, IL‐34 caused endometrial fibrosis and increased the amount of CX3CR1+ monocytes/macrophages in endometrial tissues in vivo. IL‐34 modulated endometrial fibrosis by regulating monocytes/macrophages since the elimination of endometrial monocytes/macrophages significantly suppressed the profibrotic function of IL‐34. Finally, blocking of IL‐34 in the LPS‐IUA model resulted in the improvement of endometrial fibrosis and decreased number of CX3CR1+ monocytes/macrophages. Our studies uncover the novel mechanism of interaction between IL‐34‐induced CX3CR1+ monocytes/macrophages and endometrial stromal cells in endometrial fibrosis pathogenesis, and highlight IL‐34 as a critical target for treating IUA.
Photocatalytic treatment of Crystal Violet in aqueous solution:Box–Behnkenoptimization and degradation mechanism
Authors: Assassi Mirvet , Madjene Farid , Harchouche Sarah , Boulfiza Hind 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA photocatalytic degradation of Crystal Violet (CV) in aqueous solution was investigated in batch reactor. Box–Behnken experimental design was using to establish a quadratic model showing the functional relationship between degradation rate and four operational parameters: pollutant concentration, irradiation time, zinc oxide (ZnO) dose, and stirring speed, at free pH (~ 7), lamp irradiance (45 W m−2) and ambient temperature (~25°C). The results show that the most influential factor on the process was the CV concentration, with an effect of 48.27%, followed by the ZnO dose with an effect of 15.16%, at the third position comes the irradiation time with an effect of 11.81%, and the forth influencing parameter was the stirring speed with an effect of 1.04%. A total CV degradation (100%) was reached for ultraviolet (UV) irradiation time equal to 90 min, ZnO dose of 0.7 g L−1, and stirring speed of 558 rpm for CV initial concentration of 55 mgL−1. For CV concentration equal to 100 mg L−1solar irradiation seems to be better up to 96% of degradation against 62% for UV lamp after 120 min of irradiation time. The O•−2radicals were the main active species responsible for the degradation of CV. The degradation kinetic was well described by the pseudο first‐οrder mοdel.
Effects of leg geometry and multistaging of thermoelectric modules on the performance of a photovoltaic‐thermoelectric system using different photovoltaic cells
Authors: Maduabuchi Chika , Lamba Ravita , Njoku Howard , Eke Mkpamdi , Mgbemene Chigbo 
Published: June 2021

SummaryResearch into improving the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems using thermoelectric generators (TEGs) has gained increased interest in recent times. Few studies have separately investigated the effects of multistaging, thermoelectric geometry, and type of PV cell on overall performance of PV‐thermoelectric (PV‐TE) systems. Thermoelectric leg geometries considered in these studies were either rectangular or trapezoidal legs. The research work related to examine the combined consequences of PV cell type, TEG leg geometry and multistaging on the overall performance of PV‐TEs has not been carried out till date. Therefore, a three‐dimensional model of this hybrid system considering two different types of PV cells and the rectangular and circular TEG leg geometries in single and multistage arrangements has been investigated using ANSYS 2020 R2 software. A parametric study considering the effects of concentrated solar irradiation, TEG cold junction convective film coefficient and load resistance on the overall performance of the hybrid system has been carried out. Results show that, for both types of PV cell, the circular leg geometry of TEG provides the highest PV‐TE performance. Also, the PV cell type significantly affects the optimum number of TEG stages in the PV‐TE system. Finally, multistaging increases the thermal stresses developed in the PV‐TE system, although the circular leg TEG provides the least thermal stresses as compared with the traditional rectangular leg TEG. Quantitatively, the PV‐TE system with single and two‐stage circular leg TEGs reduced the thermal stress levels of their rectangular leg counterparts by 3.31% and 0.78%, respectively. The findings of this study can be used as a reference for all types of PV cell in the PV‐TE systems.
Elovl5 is required for proper action potential conduction along peripheral myelinated fibers
Authors: Hoxha Eriola , Balbo Ilaria , Parolisi Roberta , Audano Matteo , Montarolo Francesca , Ravera Francesco , Guglielmotto Michela , Muratori Luisa , Raimondo Stefania , DiGregorio Eleonora , Buffo Annalisa , Brusco Alfredo , Borroni Barbara , Mitro Nico , Caruso Donatella , Tempia Filippo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractElovl5 elongates fatty acids with 18 carbon atoms and in cooperation with other enzymes guarantees the normal levels of very long‐chain fatty acids, which are necessary for a proper membrane structure. Action potential conduction along myelinated axons depends on structural integrity of myelin, which is maintained by a correct amount of fatty acids and a proper interaction between fatty acids and myelin proteins. We hypothesized that in Elovl5−/− mice, the lack of elongation of Elovl5 substrates might cause alterations of myelin structure. The analysis of myelin ultrastructure showed an enlarged periodicity with reduced G‐ratio across all axonal diameters. We hypothesized that the structural alteration of myelin might affect the conduction of action potentials. The sciatic nerve conduction velocity was significantly reduced without change in the amplitude of the nerve compound potential, suggesting a myelin defect without a concomitant axonal degeneration. Since Elovl5 is important in attaining normal amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are the principal component of myelin, we performed a lipidomic analysis of peripheral nerves of Elovl5‐deficient mice. The results revealed an unbalance, with reduction of fatty acids longer than 18 carbon atoms relative to shorter ones. In addition, the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids was strongly increased. These findings point out the essential role of Elovl5 in the peripheral nervous system in supporting the normal structure of myelin, which is the key element for a proper conduction of electrical signals along myelinated nerves.
Effect of socioeconomic status on survival in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Weizman Baruch , Golan Nili , Ronen Ohad 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the survival outcomes of head and neck cancer (HNC) by socioeconomic status.MethodsA national retrospective population‐based cohort of HNC patients diagnosed in Israel between 2000 and 2017 was conducted. Site of residence and socioeconomic status were correlated with overall survival (OS), controlling for prognostic factors that included tumor site, stage, age, sex, and ethnic group.ResultsOverall, 11 826 patients were identified. Patients from high socioeconomic areas had better overall 5‐year survival than patients from low socioeconomic areas (p < 0.005). Patients in stage 3 from a high socioeconomic status had a longer median survival rate of 1.5 years than patients in the low‐status group. In a cox proportional hazards analysis, we found age >65 (HR 2.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.75–3.09, p < 0.001) and low socioeconomic group (HR 1.25, 95% CI: 1.18–1.33, p < 0.001) to be correlated with inferior OS.ConclusionOur findings show that patients with HNC living in low socioeconomic areas had worse OS.
Effectiveness of optimised care chain for hip fractures in elderly Chinese
Authors: Wang Zhaofu , Chen Meixue , Luo Xiaohai , Xiong Xianghua , Ma Feng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundStudies have found that optimised care chain (OCC) can promote the recovery of hip fracture patients. Fast track (FT) has been widely proven to play a good role, but there is no systematic review report.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search and obtained search data as of April 2020. These included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort trials (CTs). We applied the research input Review Manager 5.3 for data synthesis, and used Stata 12.0 for meta‐ regression analysis.ResultsThis review reported 2200 hip fractures. Our analysis showed that OCC can reduce complications and 1‐year mortality, and shorten the length of stay (LOS). After dividing the complications into bed‐related complications and other complications, OCC has advantages in reducing bed‐related complications, but has no significant effect on other complications. For the conventional care group, the secondary outcome of the OCC group showed there was no significant difference in duration of surgery, and the rest were significantly improved. Subgroup analysis between green channel (GC) and FT showed a shorter LOS for GC.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis suggests that the use of OCC in China promotes rehabilitation in elderly patients with hip fractures, that FT and GC are similar in effect in China, and that GC shows a greater advantage in reducing LOS.
Meaning gained versus meaning lost: The effects of meaning salience on anxiety and depression during the coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Klussman Kristine , Nichols Austin Lee , Langer Julia 
Published: June 2021

People who have meaningful lives generally experience less anxiety and depression. Meaning salience, or the awareness of the meaning in one's life, is believed to partially explain this relationship. However, in times of isolation, what might be most salient to people are the meaningful aspects of their lives that have disappeared. This study seeks to understand how making gained versus lost meaning salient affects anxiety and depression. Participants either wrote for 5 minutes about how their life gained meaning (n = 29) or lost meaning (n = 30) due to the coronavirus restrictions, or about music (i.e., the control condition; n = 32). Those who wrote about gained meaning experienced less momentary anxiety than those who wrote about lost meaning. In addition, meaning salience moderated the relationship between meaning and both anxiety and depression. Those who wrote about gained meaning appeared to exhibit a positive relationship between meaning in life (MIL) and both anxiety and depression, while those who wrote about lost meaning exhibited negative relationships. In all, this suggests that meaning salience is not always positive and that researchers and practitioners should consider how making positive meaning salient may be more beneficial than a general focus on MIL.
The utility of diffusion‐weighted whole‐body imaging with background body signal suppression in detecting metastatic lesion of germ cell carcinoma
Authors: Yoshitomi Kasumi Kaneko , Numao Noboru , Umino Yosuke , Fujiwara Motohiro , Fujiwara Ryo , Oguchi Tomohiko , Komai Yoshinobu , Yuasa Takeshi , Yamamoto Shinya , Yonese Junji 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionAlthough the utility of diffusion‐weighted whole‐body imaging with background body signal suppression for assessing lymph node involvement or distant metastasis is renowned in many cancers, only few studies have revealed its utility for germ cell carcinoma. Some metastatic lesions of germ cell carcinomas are difficult to detect by conventional imaging.Case presentationWe report a case of a 70‐year‐old man with relapsed retroperitoneal germ cell tumor. Although his human chorionic gonadotropin levels increased, conventional imaging analysis showed no evidence of recurrence. Diffusion‐weighted whole‐body imaging with background body signal suppression was performed to search the metastatic lesion and detected metastatic sacral lesions. The patient responded well to local radiotherapy added to the steroid pulse and salvage chemotherapy and achieved long‐term recurrence‐free survival.ConclusionDiffusion‐weighted whole‐body imaging with background body signal suppression has the potential to detect metastatic lesions not usually detected by conventional imaging methods.
Superior rate capability and cyclic stability of poly orthoaminophenol nanocomposite film in the presence of benzidine functionalized graphene oxide
Authors: Khodaei Kahriz Peyman , Heidari Ali Akbar , Ehsani Ali , Mahdavi Hossein , Bigdeloo Mohmmad , Rezaei Zahra 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study, benzidine (BnZ) is used not only as a reducing agent but also as the spacer on the supercapacitive behavior of the synthesized graphene nanocomposite film. The synthesized graphene nanocomposite was examined by crystalline size, structural morphology, presence of functional groups to X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, chemical composition moieties are evidenced by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Poly ortho aminophenol as a p‐type conductive polymer was introduced into the channels of Bnz‐rGOAerogel. This composite structure with a high surface area and pore volume can effectively play a synergistic role between the two materials, thus improving its overall performance. In addition, the specific capacitance of the prepared spherical composite electrode is as high as 625 F/g at 1.0 A/g current density, and the retention rate of the initial capacity is 89% after 3,000 cycles in acidic solution, which has good cycle stability.
N‐doped luteolin‐based carbon dots as a novel matrix for the analysis of small molecules byMALDI‐TOF MS
Authors: Zhao Yanan , Piao Ying‐ai , Meng Long‐yue , Jin Biao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBiomass‐derived carbon dots were synthesized by a hydrothermal method using the flavonoid luteolin, 3′,4′,5,7‐tetrahydroxyflavone, as a carbon source. The reaction conditions were optimized with regard to reaction temperature, reaction time, and amount of luteolin. N‐doped luteolin‐based carbon dots (N‐CDs) were obtained through the addition of ethylenediamine and used as MALDI‐TOF matrix for the analysis of amino acids and other low molecular‐weight molecules. Compared with N‐free CDs, the matrix application of N‐CDs displayed less background interferences, high sensitivity, superior efficiency, and good repeatability. Pyridinic N atoms were identified as the major component of the nitrogen dopants in N‐CDs. The lone electron pair of this N species, which is located in an sp2‐orbital perpendicular to the aromatic system, and the π‐conjugated structure contributed to an enhanced desorption/ionization efficiency. Furthermore, the qualitative detection of amino acids in serum samples was accomplished by MALDI‐TOF MS using the N‐CD matrix. This new type of MALDI‐TOF matrix demonstrated its potential in the analysis of small molecules present in chemical, environmental, or biological samples.
Incorporation of copper nanoparticles into the nitrogen‐doped carbon derived from nitrile functionalized ionic liquid as the non‐precious heterogeneous catalytic system toward nitro compounds reduction reaction, a first principle calculation
Authors: Mirhosseyni Marzie S , Nemati Firouzeh , Nahzomi Hossein T 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDToday, Nitrogen‐doped carbon materials have gained attention as the robust solid catalyst support for immobilization nanoparticles to expand the heterogeneous catalytic systems due to their chemical and structural stability. Copper nanoparticles, known to be a cost‐effective metal, are one of the most efficient catalyst toward various organic transformations.RESULTSIn this paper, the covalent triazine framework mesoporous solid support was successfully fabricated by applying ionic liquid as a nitrogen containing carbon precursor during the ionothermal process with the help of ZnCl2 molten salt at 400 °C. The immobilization of cost‐effective copper nanoparticles on the surface of the new design support was carried out by using Cu (NO3)2 and N2H4. For characterization of the new heterogeneous catalyst, the combination of different physicochemical analyses was done to confirm the successful preparation of catalyst inclusive Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Field emission scanning electron microscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm, Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Besides, DFT (Density functional theory) calculations have been performed to optimize the constructed structures and to calculate their Fermi levels and density of states.CONCLUSIONThe catalytic capability of this new design catalyst survived in hydrogenation of nitroarenes under aqueous and mild conditions. The result shows that this new heterogeneous mesoporous catalyst has excellent catalytic activity and a high stability towards nitroarenes hydrogenation reaction. Moreover, due to the high stability (thermal and structural), it was recovered and reused up to 7 times without any significant reduction in its catalytic activity. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Magnetic Resonance Assessment of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction at Any Time Post‐Infarction for Prediction of Subsequent Events in a Large Multicenter STEMI Registry
Authors: Gavara Jose , Marcos‐Garces Victor , Lopez‐Lereu Maria P. , Monmeneu Jose V. , Rios‐Navarro Cesar , de Dios Elena , Perez Nerea , Merenciano Hector , Gabaldon Ana , Cànoves Joaquim , Racugno Paolo , Bonanad Clara , Minana Gema , Nunez Julio , Nunez Eduardo , Moratal David , Chorro Francisco J. , Valente Filipa , Lorenzatti Daniel , Rodríguez‐Palomares Jose F. , Ortiz‐Pérez Jose T. , Bodi Vicente 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most accurate imaging technique for left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) quantification, but as yet the prognostic value of LVEF assessment at any time after ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) for subsequent major adverse cardiac event (MACE) prediction is uncertain.PurposeTo explore the prognostic impact of MRI‐derived LVEF at any time post‐STEMI to predict subsequent MACE (cardiovascular death or re‐admission for acute heart failure).Study TypeProspective.PopulationOne thousand thirteen STEMI patients were included in a multicenter registry.Field Strength/Sequence1.5‐T. Balanced steady‐state free precession (cine imaging) and segmented inversion recovery steady‐state free precession (late gadolinium enhancement) sequences.AssessmentPost‐infarction MRI‐derived LVEF (reduced [r]: <40%; mid‐range [mr]: 40%–49%; preserved [p]: ≥50%) was sequentially quantified at 1 week and after >3 months of follow‐up.Statistical TestsMulti‐state Markov model to determine the prognostic value of each LVEF state (r‐, mr‐ or p‐) at any time point assessed to predict subsequent MACE. A P‐value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.ResultsDuring a 6.2‐year median follow‐up, 105 MACE (10%) were registered. Transitions toward improved LVEF predominated and only r‐LVEF (at any time assessed) was significantly related to a higher incidence of subsequent MACE. The observed transitions from r‐LVEF, mr‐LVEF, and p‐LVEF states to MACE were: 15.3%, 6%, and 6.7%, respectively. Regarding the adjusted transition intensity ratios, patients in r‐LVEF state were 4.52‐fold more likely than those in mr‐LVEF state and 5.01‐fold more likely than those in p‐LVEF state to move to MACE state. Nevertheless, no significant differences were found in transitions from mr‐LVEF and p‐LVEF states to MACE state (P‐value = 0.6).Data ConclusionLVEF is an important MRI index for simple and dynamic post‐STEMI risk stratification. Detection of r‐LVEF by MRI at any time during follow‐up identifies a subset of patients at high risk of subsequent events.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage2
Laboratory parameters related to severe disease and death in SARS‐CoV‐2 pneumonia: Retrospective analysis
Authors: Picchi Giovanna , Di Norcia Monica , Cofini Vincenza , Sinatti Gaia , Cosimini Benedetta , Vertolli Paola , Tonello Franco , Carucci Anna Cecilia , Necozione Stefano , Balsano Clara , Grimaldi Alessandro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe clinical evolution of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is highly variable and hospitalized patients can rapidly develop conditions requiring oxygen support, intensive care unit (ICU) or high dependency unit (HDU) care. Early identification of high‐risk patients is mandatory. We retrospectively collected the medical history, symptoms, radiological, and laboratory findings of COVID‐19 patients hospitalized between February and April 2020. Laboratory data were collected at the first, last, and middle times of hospitalization. We used arterial oxygen partial pressure and fractional inspired oxygen ratio (P/F) to evaluate respiratory status. Outcomes considered were death and ICU/HDU admission. We used the χ2 or Fisher's exact test to examine differences between categorical variables. Continuous variables were analyzed using the Wilcoxon matched pairs signed‐ranks test and Mann–Whitney test sample test. Of 71 patients admitted, 92% had interstitial pneumonia, and 17% an unfavorable outcome. Negative predictors were age, cerebrovascular disease, obesity, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Baseline P/F was strongly associated with all outcomes. Markers linked to immunological dysregulation like elevated neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio exhibited prognostic significance over time. A validated prognostic score comprehensive of all these conditions for early staging and management of COVID‐19 patients is urgently needed. Further studies are desirable to evaluate whether laboratory tests can target early treatment in high‐risk patients.
Predicting the development trend of the second wave of COVID‐19 in five European countries
Authors: Lei Jiali , Li Mengyuan , Wang Xiaosheng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe second wave of COVID‐19 has caused a dramatic increase in COVID‐19 cases and deaths globally. An accurate prediction of its development trend is significant. We predicted the development trend of the second wave of COVID‐19 in five European countries, including France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK. We first built models to predict daily numbers of COVID‐19 cases and deaths based on the data of the first wave of COVID‐19 in these countries. Based on these models, we built new models to predict the development trend of the second wave of COVID‐19. We predicted that the second wave of COVID‐19 would have peaked around on November 16, 2020, January 10, 2021, December 1, 2020, March 1, 2021, and January 10, 2021, in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK, respectively. It will be basically under control on April 26, 2021, September 20, 2021, August 1, 2021, September 15, 2021, and August 10, 2021, in these countries, respectively. Their total number of COVID‐19 cases will reach around 4,745,000, 7,890,000, 6,852,000, 8,071,000, and 10,198,000, respectively, and total number of COVID‐19 deaths will be around 262,000, 262,000, 231,000, 253,000, and 350,000 during the second wave of COVID‐19. The COVID‐19 mortality rate in the second wave of COVID‐19 is predicted to be about 3.4%, 3.5%, 3.4%, 3.4%, and 3.1% in France, Spain, Germany, France, and the UK. The second wave of COVID‐19 is expected to cause many more cases and deaths, last for a much longer time, and have a lower COVID‐19 mortality rate than the first wave.