bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High expression of MCM10 is predictive of poor outcomes in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shao Mingrui , Yang Shize , Dong Siyuan 
Published: February 2021

Backgrounds
Lung adenocarcinoma is a complex disease that results in over 1.8 million deaths a year. Recent advancements in treating and managing lung adenocarcinoma have led to modest decreases in associated mortality rates, owing in part to the multifactorial etiology of the disease. Novel prognostic biomarkers are needed to accurately stage the disease and act as the basis of adjuvant treatments.

Material and Methods
The microarray datasets GSE75037, GSE31210 and GSE32863 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify prognostic biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma and therapy. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by GEO2R. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis were performed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology (GO). Validation was performed based on 72 pairs of lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent normal lung tissues.

Results
Results showed that the DEGs were mainly focused on cell cycle and DNA replication initiation. Forty-one hub genes were identified and further analyzed by CytoScape. Here, we provide evidence which suggests MCM10 is a potential target with prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic value. We base this on an integrated approach of comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and in vitro validation using the A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell line. We show that MCM10 overexpression correlates with a poor prognosis, while silencing of this gene decreases aberrant growth by 2-fold. Finally, evaluation of 72 clinical biopsy samples suggests that overexpression of MCM10 in the lung adenocarcinoma highly correlates with larger tumor size. Together, this work suggests that MCM10 may be a clinically relevant gene with both predictive and therapeutic value in lung adenocarcinoma.
Ginsenoside Rb1, salvianolic acid B and their combination modulate gut microbiota and improve glucolipid metabolism in high-fat diet induced obese mice
Authors: Bai Ying , Bao Xueli , Mu Qianqian , Fang Xin , Zhu Ruyuan , Liu Chenyue , Mo Fangfang , Zhang Dongwei , Jiang Guangjian , Li Ping , Gao Sihua , Zhao Dandan 
Published: February 2021

Background
To observe the effect of ginsenoside Rb1, salvianolic acid B and their combination on glucolipid metabolism and structural changes of gut microbiota.

Methods
Eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice were fed 45% high-fat diet to induce obesity. The obese mice were randomly divided into four groups, Con group as model control, ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) group, salvianolic acid B (SalB) group and ginsenoside Rb1+ salvianolic acid B (Rb1SalB) group. Mice in Rb1, SalB and Rb1SalB group were treated by gavage with ginsenoside Rb1, salvianolic acid B and the combination of the two ingredients, respectively. While mice in Con group were given the same amount of sterile water. The intervention lasted 8 weeks. Body weight and fasting blood glucose were measured every 2 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance test was conducted on the 4th and 8th week of drug intervention. At the end of the experiment, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-esterified fatty acid content as well as glycated hemoglobin were measured and feces were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing.

Results
Both ginsenoside Rb1 and Rb1SalB combination decreased body weight significantly (P < 0.05). Ginsenoside Rb1, salvianolic acid B and their combination alleviated fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin and blood lipid profiles effectively (P < 0.05, compared with the corresponding indicators in Con group). Oral glucose tolerance test results at the 8th week showed that glucose tolerance was significantly improved in all three treatment groups. Ginsenoside Rb1, salvianolic acid B and their combination reduced the overall diversity of gut microbiota in feces and changed the microbial composition of the obese mice. LDA effect size (LefSe) analysis revealed the key indicator taxa corresponding to the treatment.

Conclusion
Ginsenoside Rb1, salvianolic acid B and their combination could lower blood glucose and lipid level, and improve glucose tolerance of obese mice. The above effect may be at least partially through modulation of gut microbial composition.
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy under general anesthesia in severely obese patients: a single-centered retrospective study
Authors: Ma Yuanyuan , Fan Yu , Zhou Di , Chen Junjun , Ge Shengjin 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThis study aims to summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of severely obese patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) under general anesthesia with multidisciplinary collaboration.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for 100 severely obese patients who were hospitalized in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from January 2017 to December 2019, and included preoperative general information, laboratory examinations, anesthesia and outcomes.ResultsA total of 100 patients (46 males, 54 females) were admitted to the department of endocrinology: 100 had hepatic steatosis (100%), 43 had sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (43%), 25 had hypertension (25%), 11 had type 2 diabetes (11%) and 8 had polycystic ovary syndrome (14% of women). The mean age and BMI were 31.52 ± 10.53 years and 43.31 ± 6.80 kg/m2, respectively. Visual laryngoscope intubation was successfully performed with routine intravenous induction in the optimum sniffing position at one time. The surgeries were successfully performed under general anesthesia, without conversion, and the operation time was 140.92 ± 31.23 min. The follow-up data for 41 patients were obtained. The postoperative BMI showed a downward trend. The BMI at 1 month and 3 months after surgery were 38.40 ± 6.77 kg/m2and 35.52 ± 7.94 kg/m2, respectively.ConclusionsMultidisciplinary collaboration may contribute to better management and recovery during the perioperative period. Visual laryngoscope intubation with intravenous induction was performed successfully in the optimum sniffing position at one time.
The expression characteristics and prognostic roles of autophagy-related genes in gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Mengya , Jing Jingjing , Li Hao , Liu Jingwei , Yuan Yuan , Sun Liping 
Published: February 2021

Background
Autophagy is an evolutionally highly conserved process, accompanied by the dynamic changes of various molecules, which is necessary for the orderly degradation and recycling of cellular components. The aim of the study was to identify the role of autophagy-related (ATG) genes in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer (GC).

Methods
Data from Oncomine dataset was used for the differential expression analysis between cancer and normal tissues. The association of ATG genes expression with clinicopathologic indicators was evaluated by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Moreover, using the TCGA datasets, the prognostic role of ATG genes was assessed. A nomogram was further built to assess the independent prognostic factors.

Results
The expression of autophagy-related genes AMBRA1, ATG4B, ATG7, ATG10, ATG12, ATG16L2, GABARAPL2, GABARAPL1, ULK4 and WIPI2 showed differences between cancer and normal tissues. After verification, ATG14 and ATG4D were significantly associated with TNM stage. ATG9A, ATG2A, and ATG4D were associated with T stage. VMP1 and ATG4A were low-expressed in patients without lymph node metastasis. No gene in autophagy pathway was associated with M stage. Further multivariate analysis suggested that ATG4D and MAP1LC3C were independent prognostic factors for GC. The C-index of nomogram was 0.676 and the 95% CI was 0.628 to 0.724.

Conclusion
Our study provided a comprehensive illustration of ATG genes expression characteristics in GC. Abnormal expressions of the ubiquitin-like conjugated system in ATG genes plays a key role in the occurrence of GC. ATG8/LC3 sub-system may play an important role in development and clinical outcome of GC. In the future, it is necessary to further elucidate the alterations of specific ATG8/LC3 forms in order to provide insights for the discovery, diagnosis, or targeting for GC.
Survival and Biomarkers of COVID-19 Patients Treated with Remdesivir and Favipiravir in ICU during the Peak of Pandemic: A Single Center Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Nasir M. , Perveen R. A. , Murshed M. , Nazneen R. , Talha K. A. 
Published: February 2021

Since the first detection of a cluster of COVID-19 patients in China in late 2019, it becomes a global concern due to its transmissibility and ability to progress patients in severe respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which need intensive care unit support for a long time. We observed the repurposing use of remdesivir and favipiravir whether considered as a therapeutic option or not through survival rate and changes in biomarker during 10-day treatment stay in ICU.
The retrospective observational study in a tertiary care hospital dedicated to COVID-19 at Dhaka, Bangladesh was done at the peak of COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. The mortality rate, length of ICU stays and eight prognostic biomarkers of patients treated with remdesivir and favipiravir was observed as one of the first ever reported experience in Bangladesh.
Among the critically ill patients in ICU, 26 (44.8%) died and 32 (55.2%) were cured during the study period and highest mean duration of stay in ICU was observed (14.33 days and 18.13 days) in FPV-treated patients. Mean of means for all biomarkers CRP (26.0) and d-Dimer (2.64) was recorded higher in favipiravir treated patients in death cases, but NLR, d-NLR, platelet, PLR was much higher in remdesivir treated patient of both death and improved cases. Though overall outcome variables between death and improved cases were not statistically significant (p<0.39)
The severity of disease progression in critically ill COVID-19 patients in ICU depends on comorbidities and hyper-responsive inflammatory or immunological biomarkers to predict. Though the emergency use authorization and repurposing use of different antivirals are still on trial, but remdesivir and favipiravir revealed not much hope in improving prognostic biomarkers, survival rate and disease progression at the peak of pandemic in Bangladesh.
Effect of Climatic Factors on the Spread of COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Tunisia
Authors: Aribi Fatma , Sghaier Mongi 
Published: February 2021

Since the end of December 2019, the COrona VIrus Disease (COVID-19) is sweeping the world and has caused huge damage to the health, economy, and social life of the communities. Meteorological variables are among the factors influencing the spread of contagious diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between climatic parameters and COVID-19 spread in Tunisia. To do this, we designed a daily dataset including the number of confirmed and deaths cases, minimum temperature (°C), maximum temperature (°C), mean temperature (°C), rainfall (mm), and wind speed (km/h) during the period of June 27 to October 22, 2020. To investigate the association between climatic variables and COVID-19, the Spearman correlation test was employed. The Mann-Kendall test has been also used to detect the direction of the COVID-19 trend. As many researchers have demonstrated that the incubation period of the ongoing pandemic varies from 1 to 14 days, the correlation of each parameter with COVID-19 was examined on the day of the confirmed cases and deaths, and before 7 and 14 days. The results showed that out of the five selected climatic variables, four variables were correlated with COVID-19 cases and deaths (statistically significant at a 99% confidence level). A positive correlation of the rainfall with COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths was observed, the highest was 14 days ago. However, negative correlations were observed for minimum, maximum, and mean temperature, the highest was on the day of the incident. Besides, the Mann-Kendall test showed increasing trends for COVID-19 cases and deaths (statistically significant at a 99% confidence level). The results of this study might be useful to understand the role of climatic factors in the spread of COVID-19 and provide insights for healthcare policymakers to well manage this global pandemic.
Recent Progress of Flexible Image Sensors for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Yokota Tomoyuki , Fukuda Kenjiro , Someya Takao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFlexible image sensors have attracted increasing attention as new imaging devices owing to their lightness, softness, and bendability. Since light can measure inside information from outside of the body, optical‐imaging‐based approaches, such as X‐rays, are widely used for disease diagnosis in hospitals. Unlike conventional sensors, flexible image sensors are soft and can be directly attached to a curved surface, such as the skin, for continuous measurement of biometric information with high accuracy. Therefore, they are expected to gain wide application to wearable devices, as well as home medical care. Herein, the application of such sensors to the biomedical field is introduced. First, their individual components, photosensors, and switching elements, are explained. Then, the basic parameters used to evaluate the performance of each of these elements and the image sensors are described. Finally, examples of measuring the dynamic and static biometric information using flexible image sensors, together with relevant real‐world measurement cases, are presented. Furthermore, recent applications of the flexible image sensors in the biomedical field are introduced.
Liquid Metals and Disulfides: Interactive Metal‐Polymer Hybrids for Flexible and Self‐Healable Conductor
Authors: Xin Yumeng , Lou Yang , Liu Huaizhi , Wu Dongfang , Zhang Jiuyang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGrowing interests have been received in metal‐polymer hybrid composites for their combined features of metals and polymer. However, the detrimental incompatibility between inorganic and organic polymer matrix makes it challenging to prepare homogenous hybrid composites for advanced applications. This work reports using disulfides, as interactive binding bonds, to interact with liquid metals (LMs) for fabricating the liquid metal‐disulfide (LMDS) composites. The interaction between disulfides and liquid metals lead to uniform dispersion of LM droplets in polymer matrix and strengthen the whole polymer network for improved mechanical performance. Interestingly, this work discovers that the LM droplets could act as efficient initiator to promote the ring‐opening polymerization to obtain the composites. In addition, the interactive LMDS composites exhibit excellent self‐healing ability ascribing to the dynamic LM‐disulfide interaction and disulfide metathesis. The phenomenal electrical conductivity and self‐healing feature enable LMDS composites as stretchable self‐healing conductors with the ability to control the electrical circuits.
Surveillance guidelines for children with trisomy 18
Authors: Kepple Jeffrey W. , Fishler Kristen P. , Peeples Eric S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTrisomy 18 is the second most common aneuploidy syndromes in live born infants. It is associated with high mortality rates, estimated to be 75%–95% in the first year of life, as well as significant morbidity in survivors. The low survival is largely due to the high prevalence of severe congenital anomalies in infants with this diagnosis. However, interventions to repair or palliate those life‐threatening anomalies are being performed at a higher rate for these infants, resulting in increased rates of survival beyond the first year of life. While it is well documented that trisomy 18 is associated with several cardiac malformations, these patients also have respiratory, neurological, neoplastic, genitourinary, abdominal, otolaryngologic, and orthopedic complications that can impact their quality of life. The goal of this review is to present a comprehensive description of complications in children with trisomy 18 to aid in the development of monitoring and treatment guidelines for the increasing number of providers who will be caring for these patients throughout their lives. Where the evidence is available, this review presents screening recommendations to allow for more rapid detection and documentation of these complications.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Selective C−H Alkenylation of Indole at C4 Position
Authors: Wu Qingyi , Gao Pan , Yuan Yu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe indole motifs play a significant role in the pharmaceutical exploitation and the synthesis of naturel products, and transition metal catalyzed selective C−H bond activation of indoles has received extensive attention. However, the functionalization of C−H bonds on the benzene core is still a great challenge. By installing a bulky protecting group on the nitrogen and under the assistance of an ester directing group, we realized the Rh‐catalyzed alkenylation of indole at C4 position with high efficiency. This catalytic method exhibits satisfactory functional group compatibility and regioselectivity.
Shared risk and protective factors between Alzheimer's disease and ischemic stroke: A population‐based longitudinal study
Authors: Wang Rui , Qiu Chengxuan , Dintica Christina S. , Shang Ying , Calderón Larrañaga Amaia , Wang Hui‐Xin , Xu Weili 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionStroke, especially ischemic stroke's (IS) link with Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 2459 AD‐ and cerebrovascular disease‐free older adults at baseline (mean age 71.9 ± 10.3 years, Stockholm, Sweden). Using Cox regressions, shared risk factors (SRFs) and shared protective factors (SPFs) between AD and IS were recognized when their hazard ratios in both AD and IS models were significant and in the same direction.ResultsDuring the follow‐up period of up to 15 years, 132 AD and 260 IS mutually exclusive cases were identified. SRFs were low education, sedentary lifestyle, and heart diseases. High levels of psychological well‐being, actively engaging in leisure activities, and a rich social network were SPFs. Having ≥1 SPF reduced 47% of AD and 28% of IS risk among people with a low risk profile (<2 SRFs), and 38% of AD and 31% of IS risk with a high risk profile (≥2 SRFs). In total, 57.8% of AD/IS cases could be prevented if individuals have ≥1 SPF and no SRF.DiscussionAD and IS share risk/protective profiles, and SPFs seem to counteract the adverse effects of SRFs on both AD and IS.
Human Anatomy: Teaching–Learning Experience of a Support Teacher and a Student with Low Vision and Blindness
Authors: Mendonça Carolina Rodrigues , Souza Karla Tais de Oliveira , Arruda Jalsi Tacon , Noll Matias , Guimarães Nilza Nascimento 
Published: February 2021

In Brazil, a federal law ensures that all students with disabilities are entitled to enrollment in higher education institutions. Higher courses in human anatomy stand out for their complexity in both theoretical and practical contents. Therefore, adaptation is required to accommodate students with special educational needs. This study aimed to describe the experience of a Support Teacher in the development of inclusive pedagogical practices for the discipline of Human Anatomy offered in the physiotherapy course for a student with low vision and blindness. The challenges and learning difficulties faced by a visually impaired student are reported. Qualitative analysis was performed by interviewing a student with low vision and blindness and a Support Teacher. The audio recordings were transcribed, categorized, and analyzed using content analysis. The Support Teacher created schematics and drawings of anatomical structures, reviewed theoretical and practical contents, developed adaptations of the examinations, and applied palpatory anatomy to facilitate the student’s learning process. The findings illustrate that the student faced the greatest difficulty in dealing with the emotional aspects, due to the inability to visualize the anatomical details in human cadavers. Thus, the presence of a Support Teacher was fundamental to ensure that the student could learn the content and overcome this limitation. In conclusion, personalized adaptation, commitment, and collaborative work between the Support Teacher and students with low vision and blindness improve their learning conditions.
Motor ability, physical self‐concept and health‐related quality of life in pediatric cancer survivors
Authors: Benzing Valentin , Siegwart Valerie , Spitzhüttl Janine , Schmid Jürg , Grotzer Michael , Roebers Claudia M. , Steinlin Maja , Leibundgut Kurt , Everts Regula , Schmidt Mirko 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundCancer survivorship is frequently associated with severe late effects. However, research into pediatric cancer survivors on late effects in motor ability, physical self‐concept and their relationship to quality of life is limited.MethodsUsing multiple regression analyses, 78 pediatric cancer survivors and 56 typically developing children were compared in motor ability, physical self‐concept and health‐related quality of life. In addition, mediational multi‐group analyses between motor ability (independent variable), physical self‐concept (mediator) and quality of life (dependent variable) were calculated.ResultsPediatric cancer survivors had a lower motor ability (gHedges = 0.863), a lower physical self‐concept with regard to several scales of the PSDQ‐S (gHedges = 0.318–0.764) and a higher relative risk for a below average quality of life than controls (RR = 1.44). Children with a history of cancer involving the central nervous system showed poorer motor ability compared to those without central nervous systeminvolvement (gHedges = 0.591). Furthermore, the physical self‐concept significantly mediated the relationship between motor ability and quality of life in pediatric cancer survivors but not in typically developing children.ConclusionsResults show the importance of monitoring and supporting the development of motor ability in the aftercare of pediatric cancer survivors. Physical activity interventions may be advisable to prevent physical activity‐related late effects and potentially improve related psychosocial variables such as quality of life.