bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Above the debris
Authors:   , Mak Anthony 
Published: November 2021

<p>At an accelerating rate, over half of the world’s population is living in urban centres. The catastrophic risk to environmental, cultural, and economic resources amidst these high concentrations of livelihoods upon the wake of a disaster has the potential to be devastating. A city’s urban form consisting of its open space networks and street structures are important spatial resources that provide affected communities with efficient evacuation routes, assembly areas, temporary market spaces, and room for temporary shelters in the aftermath of a disaster. Open public spaces are especially important during these scenarios as they provide large volumes of space that can be adapted to a variety of different functions. However, these spaces are seldom designed with resilience in mind. This thesis investigates how open spaces are able to contribute to the disaster resiliency of urban centres, ensuring that the needs of the present are in light of the needs of the future.</p>
Mythological Signification in Smetana’s Tábor and Blaník and its Implications on Personal Compositional Output
Authors:   , Skierka James 
Published: November 2021

<p>The presented thesis is an examination of the mythology and literary narrative that is present within the two orchestral tone poems of Bedřich Smetana, Tábor and Blaník, and how ideas pertaining to the examination of Smetana’s compositions may be applied to my own compositional output. In my research, I propose potential source materials, and have a brief discussion about how literary narrative may be applied to musical narrative, particularly with compositions of the 19th century. In the analysis of Tábor and Blaník, I examine Smetana’s use of the chorale Kdož jsú Boží bojovníci and how he utilizes this chorale as the compositional foundation of both pieces, as well as looking at the musical elements and structure that combine to suggest narrative function being present within both compositions. The latter portion of my thesis contains an analysis of the compositions that I wrote throughout the course of my study that were inspired by, or were direct reflections of, issues and ideas that came up during the course of my research. All of my own compositions presented are based on ideas of mythology and the presence of a literary narrative. Accompanying this analysis, are copies of the scores of my compositions.</p>
Urban blue space: An Architectural exploration into Sea-Level-Rise Resilience and the future of South Dunedin
Authors:   , Greer Ali J. 
Published: November 2021

<p>Due to anthropogenic climate change, sea level rise (SLR) will cause low-lying coastal areas such as South Dunedin, New Zealand, to be permanently flooded, jeopardizing future viability as a commercial and residential community. Using South Dunedin as a case study to test built environment issues, this thesis carried out design research into adaptation strategies for continued on-site occupation with SLR. Exploring the extreme scenario of a transition to a floating suburb, the research examines: retrofitting light-weight buildings with buoyant foundations, adapting larger heavy construction buildings to flood, and explores wider urban design strategies for the transition to a resilient floating suburb. Design interventions had to respond to changing conditions from present day Dry Land, to an Urban Wetland (0-500mm standing water), to the eventual Urban Blue Space (500mm+ water depth). The project proposal has three design objectives: • ZC, Zero-Carbon – While climate change is inevitable, mitigation to reduce the severity is possible through lowered emissions, improved building technologies and changes in human lifestyle. • SLR, Sea Level Rise Adaption – Preparing for and adjusting successfully to the consequences of SLR, which will require radical lifestyle and architectural changes. • HR, Holistic Resilience – For a community to be holistically resilient it must be able to consistently provide for all 5 human needs (Carmona et al 2010, 134) despite changing conditions. This meant addressing both existing and future challenges. Adaption and continued on-site habitation is possible if significant lifestyle and architectural changes are embraced. SLR requires a site-specific design response. Successful adaptation requires a holistic multi-disciplinary long-term commitment to a resilient future.</p>
Climate Change Risk Perception and Perceptions of Adaptation Measures in Egypt: A Mixed Methods Study of Predictors and Implications
Authors:   , Elshirbiny Hayam 
Published: November 2021

<p>Egypt is among the most susceptible countries in the world to the potential impacts of climate change. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) identified the Nile Delta as one of the most exposed deltas to sea level rise. Despite these alarming predictions, there is a lack of in-depth studies on public risk perceptions of climate change in Egypt. Understanding the public’s risk perception of climate change is vital in informing policy and developing effective risk communication strategies that improve public engagement with climate change and, in turn, encourage actions to address its potentially harmful impacts. This thesis provides a novel contribution to the literature through a mixed methods approach, using an online survey and semi-structured interviews. The research investigates three main topics: (1) Public perceptions of climate change; (2) Predictors of climate change risk perception; and (3) Perceptions of climate change adaptation. Results of the survey and the interviews showed that while participants were concerned about climate change and believed in the human causation of it, they had limited understanding and misconceptions about its causes (for example, erroneously linking climate change to the ozone layer). The Climate Change Risk Perception Model (CCRPM) adopted in this study explained 19.2% of the variance in risk perception. In addition, it revealed that experiential factors (affect and personal experience) were the strongest predictors of climate change risk perception in Egypt, while socio-cultural factors (value orientations) were the weakest predictors. Interviews with participants also highlighted that negative feelings featured prominently when speaking about personal experiences with the impacts of climate change. Moreover, regression analysis showed that personal and societal climate change risk perception had different predictors. These results offer important recommendations for policy, relating to matters such as targeted ways of communicating the science, impacts and risks associated with climate change.</p>
Reducing Recidivism Not Rights: Rethinking Interior Architecture as a solution for New Zealand's failing prisons
Authors:   , Abernethy Luuk 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis argues that the design of the built environment of a prison can have a huge impact on lowering recidivism rates of prisoners in New Zealand. It proposes that this can be achieved through the development of a new health model/framework that facilitates positive relationships between families, prison staff and other inmates; supports spiritual, mental and physical health; equips inmates for participation to society upon release; and gives them a sense of identity. It further argues that this framework can then be applied to the design process to create a new precedent for prison design that effectively rehabilitates and reintegrates its inmates into society. The work of key architects, and theorists such as Hohensinn Architektur and Dominique Moran, have been analysed to help translate their successful designs and theories into a New Zealand model of correctional facility. Prisons are institutions of deprivation and isolation. Marginalised by and separated from community, they are maintained by physical and psychological structures designed only to isolate. Imprisonment results in individuals embittered and hardened by the experience, who are likely to reoffend, and become lifelong participants in the criminal justice system. New Zealand’s prison population has been substantially increasing since the 1980s. The current imprisonment rate per population is the second highest in the Western World, second only to the United States. This increase is due to a combination of changes in political economy, an attitude of exclusion of minority groups by the criminal justice system and a rise in penal populism. New Zealand currently imprisons 212 people for every 100,000, and has a recidivism rate of 50 percent. Māori represent over 50 percent of our prison population, whilst only 15 percent of the overall New Zealand population. These statistics are self-evident; our prisons aren’t working. They are not successfully rehabilitating and reintegrating inmates into society. This design-led research investigation offers a new process for prison design: one that strives to design for humans, humans of intrinsic moral worth. This is based on the premise that all people are capable of change and improvement; creating impactful change through design to the extremely high recidivism rates of inmates in New Zealand.</p>
Success as social: Exploring young people's understandings of success in rural Java
Authors:   , Larasati Rara Sekar 
Published: November 2021

<p>Using the case of desa wisata adat (official tourism and traditional cultural village) Ngadas, East Java, Indonesia, this thesis explores the meanings of success from the perspectives of rural young people and how the particular local context of Ngadas shaped their understandings of success. Unlike many rural young people in Indonesia, young people from Ngadas are known for their land ownership, successful farming, low rate of urbanisation and low participation in formal education. With its particular social, economic and cultural background, young people from Ngadas serves as a valuable case study to understand Indonesian rural youth success as it is situated within the village. In this research, I utilise Bourdieu’s theory of practice to focus on the practices of young people for success and explore the capitals and habitus within Ngadas (the field). In doing so, I explore how the adat (customs, rituals, values) is significantly embedded within young people’s practices for success in three key aspects of their lives: work practices, familial/relational practices and religious practices. Drawing on six weeks of ethnographic fieldwork with six youth participants and four village leaders, data were collected through focus group discussion or klumpukan, auto-driven photo-elicitation, individual interviews, and participant observation. My study shows that for young people in Ngadas, their success practices were underpinned by a form of social capital that is founded on reciprocity or a gift exchange which is embedded within and shaped by adat, and in turn also serves to maintain adat. The significance of social capital for young people’s success explains how success in Ngadas is founded on strong relationships, reciprocity, a sense of belonging, and a sense of community to maintain harmony or guyub rukun. Thus, social capital for young people’s success holds a symbolic value not only for the individual, but also for the field of Ngadas. The case study of young people in Ngadas also presents an understanding of success as illusio, a sense of purpose that is gained from investing in social relationships. It is an understanding of success as a sense of being and belonging with and for others that ties young people’s individual success to the collective success of Ngadas as an economic, social and cultural community.</p>
Cold War Supreme Court: Analysing the Change in Constitutional Interpretation between Dennis v. U.S. (1951) and Yates v. U.S. (1957)
Authors:   , Thorne Hayden 
Published: November 2021

<p>During the early Cold War, America was gripped by an intense domestic Red Scare. This thesis explores how the United States Supreme Court dealt with the Alien Registration Act (Smith Act) and the issue of freedom of speech in the context of that Red Scare. In particular, this thesis focuses on the change in interpretation which occurred between the 1951 decision in Dennis v. United States, and the 1957 decision in Yates v United States. Dennis upheld the constitutionality of the Smith Act, and upheld the convictions of eleven Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) leaders. Yates overturned the convictions of a group of California CPUSA officials, and placed strict limitations on the use of the Smith Act in a drastic change in interpretation. This thesis aims to explore that change in interpretation by drawing on three different lines of reasoning: the impact of changes to the wider Cold War context, the impact of changes to the personnel making up the Supreme Court, and changes in legal strategy on behalf of the defendants in the two cases. To achieve this, the thesis draws on a wide range of sources, beginning with a discussion of existing literature, and moving to explore previously untapped sources from both a historic and a legal perspective. This includes looking at the records of law firms acting in both cases, analysing other Supreme Court opinions from the time, and drawing on more traditional historical sources like media coverage of various events. This thesis argues that, contrary to most existing scholarship, the change in interpretation is best explained by a multi-causal approach. The changes to the court’s makeup and changes to the context amongst which the cases occurred were only part of the reason for the change in interpretation. The impact of a change in legal strategy also played an important role in causing the Supreme Court’s change in interpretation.</p>
Governed by Opportunity
Authors:   , Ang Angelina 
Published: November 2021

<p>Singapore is known as an advanced industrialising city-state with the aspiration to be a global city in the international economy (Yuen, 2005). With the rapid economic growth; the country’s population has been increasing alongside the high demand of: housing, commercial areas, industries, transport and infrastructure (Yuen, 2005). Having an area of only 720km², the country is forced to optimise their land by building vertically and closely together. Consequently, older buildings, activities and traditions are more prone to vanishing despite their cultural and historical significance. The loss of tangible and intangible heritage results in a highly modern country that is becoming more international in scale and style but evermore faceless and lacking in cultural identity (Yuen, 2005). The aim of this research investigation is to explore how the traditional trades can be conserved and integrated with the present and future development of Singapore. Through interviews and observations conducted in field research, it will provide a better understanding of the community and government’s point of interest. This will develop social cohesion to promote a sense of belonging and identity in this metropolitan city. The design outcome of this research investigation will be an integration of the Sungei Road Market and the future development of the Singapore Johore-Express Bus Terminal.</p>
Metabolic disorders associated with early menopause in the female population of Eastern Siberia: results of a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nadeliaeva Ia. G. , Salimova M. D. , Danusevich I. N. , Lasareva L. M. , Sholokhov L. F. , Belenkaya L. V. , Vilson N. I. , Atalyan A. V. , Natyaganova L. V. , Suturina L. V. 
Published: November 2021

Background. Menopause is an independent predictor of the development of metabolic syndrome, in the pathogenesis of which insulin resistance plays a leading role. Early menopause occurs in 5 % of women and, according to several studies, is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is one of the leading causes of death. The features of the course of metabolic syndrome in women with early menopause have not been sufficiently studied.The aim: to establish the prevalence of early menopause and its metabolic complications in the female population of Eastern Siberia.Materials and methods. The study population included 2695 women aged 18 to 80 years, who underwent the annual medical examination. The period of the study was March 2016 – December 2019. Among the surveyed women of 41–45 years old, a group of patients with early menopause (n = 18) and controls (n = 25) were identified. The diagnosis was made according to the STRAW criteria. The study used clinical, instrumental and laboratory research methods, including the assessment of hormonal and biochemical parameters, as well as the assessment of questionnaire data and statistical analysis.Results. The examined women with early menopause have an increase in BMI, waist volume, arterial hypertension, and an increase in the level of triglycerides and gonadotropic hormones. These changes potentially underlie the relationship between menopause and cardio-metabolic disease.Conclusion. These findings indicate the need to monitor the hormonal and metabolic parameters in this category of women to ensure timely prevention and correction of long-term complications associated with early menopause.
Age and gender aspects of the association of generalized obesity with development of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events (results of the prospective cohort study “Interepepid”)
Authors: Polupanov A. G. , Mamatov A. U. , Duishenalieva M. T. , Аrykova A. T. , Rysmatova F. T. , Bebezov I. Kh. , Akhunbaev S. M. , Sabirov I. S. , Dzhumagulova A. S. 
Published: November 2021

Background. Currently, obesity has become one of the most important medical and social problems in the world due to its high prevalence. Numerous literature data indicate that high BMI is associated with increased mortality from cardiovascular diseases.The aim: to study the relationship between overweight and generalized obesity with the development of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events among residents of the Chui region of the Kyrgyz Republic, taking into account gender and age.Material and methods. This study was carried out as part of the international crosssectional epidemiological study “Interepid”. The total follow-up period was 7 years. Life status at the end of the follow-up period was monitored in 1096 respondents out of 1341 initial cohorts (response – 82.1 %). The endpoints were cases of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events. The frequency of events was assessed using methods of analysis of survival (Cox proportional hazard regression model, parametric survival models, survival by the Kaplan – Meier method).Results. A total of 181 cases of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events (16.44 %) were recorded during the follow-up. In persons with normal body weight, the incidence of cardiovascular complications was 10 %. In overweight individuals, the value of this indicator increased and reached 17.99 % (p˂ 0.001), and in individuals with obesity – 24.5 % (p˂ 0.0001). The increase in the frequency of events with the increase in body mass index did not depend on the gender of the respondents but was typical only for people under 60 years of age. For elderly patients, there was no relationship between BMI and the development of cardiovascular complications. In contrast, the relative risk had an insignificant tendency to decrease by 2.6 % for every 1 kg/m2 increase in body mass index (RR – 0.974; 95% CI: 0.924–1.025).Conclusion. The increase of body mass index above 25 kg/m2 is an independent risk factor for the development of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events in the analyzed cohort of the Chui region residents, regardless of gender, but only in persons under 60 years of age.
Current epidemiological situation on leptospirosis in the territories adjacent to Lake Baikal
Authors: Kiseleva E. Yu. , Korzun V. M. , Borisov S. A. , Breneva N. V. , Timoshenko A. F. , Sharakshanov M. B. , Balakhonov S. V. 
Published: November 2021

Background. In presence the epizootiological situation on leptospirosis in the territories adjacent to Lake Baikal is not studied well. The showing up of natural focus, discovering of host animal’s species composition and etiological structure of leptospirosis causative agents are essential to plan any epidemiological response and to organize the specific prophylaxis.Aim: to analyze contemporary characteristics of leptospirosis natural foci at the territories adjacent to Lake Baikal.Materials and methods. From 2011 till 2020 the territory of nine Irkutsk Region's administrative districts was investigated. Trapping has been done at four kind of sites (wetland, meadow, forest-shrub, steppificated meadow) and boroughs. 1152 small mammals which belonged to 35 species were collected. Collected samples were studied by complex of methods. Serogroup belonging was detected by micro agglutination and decomposition test, and genomic species – by Microflex LT mass analyzer.Results. A leptospirosis natural foci in the Irkutsk city boundary was newly founded and there were isolated (from small mammals) four pathogenic cultures of leptospiras belonging to Javanica serogroup. Main hosts of causative agents at the territories adjacent to Lake Baikal were defined (insect-eating mammals: tundra shrew, largetoothed Siberian shrew, even-toothed shrew, shrew-mouse, and rodents: root vole, ground vole, narrow-skulled vole, sewer rat). By micro agglutination were defined pathogenic leptospirosis serogroups (Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa, Javanica, Pomona, Sejroe, Autumnalis, Australis), all over 2.4 ± 0.45 % seropositive. Antibody dilution at survey animals ranged from 1 : 20 to 1 : 640. On the grounds of PCR results the mean value of infected animals in studied sample was 16.4 ± 1.14 %. Positive PCR findings were at 19 from 35 animal species.Conclusion. At the territories adjacent to Lake Baikal In the Baikal region, the proportion of animals that have had contact with pathogenic leptospira is quite high. Natural focus of this infection are highly pervasive in this region, they are evolved mainly in dewy sites.
ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЕ ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫХ ОБРАЩЕНИЙ В ЭПИСТОЛЯРИИ Г. КОЦЮБИНСКОГО
Authors: Новикова Юлия 
Published: November 2021

У статті розглядається мовний етикет українцiв як унiкальна унiверсальна модель мовної діяльностi, що виявляється в cиcтeмi стiйких мовних виразiв. На матеріалі епістолярної спадщини М. Коцюбинського досліджуються індивідуальні форми звертань, у тому чис
Генетическое разнообразие в трех группах форелевых рыб, выявляемое методом ПЦР и мультилокусным ДНК-зондом
Authors: Тыщенко Валентина И. , Терлецкий Валерий П. 
Published: November 2021

Форелеводство играет значительную роль в аквакультуре многих стран мира, так как данная рыба хорошо приспособлена к разведению в установках замкнутого водоснабжения, быстро воспроизводится и дает продукцию высокого качества. Вывод на рынок новых и перспективных пород форелей требует использования молекулярно-генетических методов для всесторонней характеристики разводимых популяций. В числе методов генетического анализа используются полимеразная цепная реакция (ПЦР) и мультилокусный анализ генома с мечеными ДНК-зондами. Цель работы заключалась в выявлении особенностей генетической организации трех групп форели – онежский, каспийский и балтийский лососи одновременно методом ПЦР со случайными праймерами и мультилокусным анализом. Полученные популяционные характеристики обсуждены с точки зрения использования данных в практической селекционной работе. Особенно большое значение имеет показатель средней гетерозиготности в группах, характеризующий генетическое разнообразие особей. По критерию генетического расстояния наиболее близкими, как и ожидалось, оказались онежский и балтийский лососи, что было установлено обоими методами. Внутрипопуляционное разнообразие по данным ПЦР было заметно выше в группе особей онежского лосося (H = 0,15). Мультилокусный анализ выявил несколько маркерных фрагментов ДНК, характерных для данной группы рыб и редко встречающихся у представителей других групп. Эти данные полезны для генетической паспортизации пород и популяций рыб. Были обнаружены также мономорфные фрагменты, которые имеются у всех особей и во всех группах (фрагменты № 53, 67 и 70).