bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Key Genes in the Jaz Signaling Pathway Are Up-regulated Faster and More Abundantly in Caterpillar-resistant Maize
Authors: Han Yang , LUTHE DAWN 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivatives, collectively known as jasmonates (JAs), are important signaling hormones for plant responses against chewing herbivores. In JA signaling networks, jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins are transcriptional repressors that regulate JA-modulated downstream herbivore defenses. JAZ repressors are widely presented in land plants, however, there is only limited information about the regulation/function of JAZ proteins in maize. In this study, we performed a comprehensive expression analysis of ZmJAZ genes with other selected genes in the jasmonate pathway in response to feeding by fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, FAW), mechanical wounding, and exogenous hormone treatments in two maize genotypes differing in FAW resistance. Results showed that transcript levels of JAZ genes and several key genes in JA-signaling and biosynthesis pathways were rapidly and abundantly expressed in both genotypes in response to these various treatments. However, there were key differences between the two genotypes in the expression of ZmJAZ1 and ZmCOI1a, these two genes were expressed significantly rapidly and abundantly in the resistant line which was tightly regulated by endogenous JA level upon feeding. For instance, transcript levels of ZmJAZ1 increase dramatically within 30 min of FAW-fed Mp708 but not Tx601, correlating with the JA accumulation. The results also demonstrated that wounding or JA treatment alone was not as effective as FAW feeding; this suggests that insect-derived factors are required for optimal defense responses.
Long-Term Changes in Premature Death of Lung Cancer in a Developed Region of China: A Population-Based Study From 1973 to 2019
Authors: Ye Wenjing , Lu Weiwei , Ding Yibo , Chen Yichen , Wang Lin , Zeng Guangwang , Xu Chen , Ji Chen , Cai Yuyang , Yang Ling , Li Xiaopan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of deaths worldwide, and its incidence shows an upward trend. The study in the long-term changes in premature death of lung cancer in a developed region of China has a great exploratiory significance to further clarify the effectiveness of intervention measures.Methods: Cancer death data were collected from the Mortality Registration System of Shanghai Pudong New Area (PNA). We analysed crude mortality rate (CMR), age-standardized mortality rate by Segi’s world standard population (ASMRW), and years of life lost (YLL) of lung cancer from 1973 to 2019. Temporal trends of CMR, ASMRW, and rate of YLL were calculated by joinpoint regression expressed as an annual percent change (APC) with corresponding 95% confidence interval.Results: 80,543,137 person-years were enrolled in this study in PNA from 1973 to 2019. There were 42,229 deaths in permanent residents from lung cancer. The CMR and ASMRW were 52.43/105 person-years and 27.79/105 person-years. YLL due to premature death from lung cancer was 481779.14 years, and the rate of YLL was 598.16/105 person-years. The CMR, and rate of YLL for deaths had significantly increasing trends in males, females, and the total population (P<0.001). The CMR in the total population increased by 2.86% (95% CI=2.66%-3.07%, P < 0.001) per year during the study period. The YLL rate increased with an APCC of 2.21% (95% CI = 1.92% to 2.51%, P < 0.001) per year. The contribution rates of increased values of CMR caused by demographic factors were more evident than non-demographic factors.Conclusion: The aging population, progress of treatment, smoking, and even environmental pollution may be the factors that affect the long-term changes in premature death of lung cancer in PNA from1973 to 2019. Our research can help us to understand the changes of lung cancer mortality, and our results could also be used for other similar cities in designing future prevention plans.
Polymeric Foam Pressure-sensing Pens for Measuring Written Language Production
Authors: Rigoli Carson Miller , Pruvost Mickäel , Colin Annie , Wittenberg Eva 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
To understand human cognition, cognitive and behavioral scientists measure external behavior using a variety of tools. However, many of these tools are not sensitive enough to detect small changes in behavior, they are too costly, or they can only be used in dedicated lab space, thus limiting behavioral science from studying many populations. Here, we present a reliable, robust, cost-effective device that can measure small modulations in human handwriting behavior through pressure sensing on the writing instrument itself. This is made possible through a cross-disciplinary approach, combining advantages of new, high-sensitivity pressure sensors and experimental psycholinguistics. We show that this instrument is reliable and sensitive to the typical pressure range in writing. Then, we present a proof of concept from an experimental replication and demonstrate the utility of handwriting pressure measurement in a classic experimental paradigm, thus opening new research directions in psycholinguistics, cognitive science, and psychology.
Estimation of Carbon Pools in the Biomass and Soil of Mangrove Forests in Sirik Azini Creek, Hormozgan Province (Iran)
Authors: Askari Mahmood , Homaei Ahmad , Kamrani Ehsan , Zeinali Farrokhzad , Andreetta Anna 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Despite the increasing interest on mangroves due to their recognition as one of the most carbon rich ecosystem, arid mangroves are still poorly investigated. We aimed to improve the knowledge on biomass and soil carbon sequestration for an arid mangrove forest located at the Azini creek, Sirik, Hormozgan Province (Iran). Three different regions were considered based on the composition of the principal species growing in the study area: 1) Avicennia marina, 2) mixed forest of A. marina and Rhizophora mucronata, and 3) R. mucronata. Biomass carbon storage, considering both aboveground (AGB) and belowground biomass (BGB), was significantly different between the cover areas. Significantly higher values of soil organic carbon stock were found in the sites under Rhizophora spp. than in the site with pure stand of Avicennia spp. . Overall, the mean forest biomass (TFB) was 305 Mg ha-1 and the highest proportion of organic carbon (62 %) was found to be stored in the soil, while the lowest was located in the root biomass (BGB; 10%). The AGB accounted for about 28% of the C stored in the studied site, with significant differences between the three vegetation areas. Our results on carbon storage can be used by local policy to promote conservation actions in arid mangrove forests, which also represent an important climatic threshold of mangrove worldwide distribution.
Early Corneal and Optic Nerve Changes In Paediatric Population Affected By Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Authors: Bonacci Erika , Fasolo Adriano , Zaffanello Marco , Merz Tommaso , Brocoli Giacomo , Pietrobelli Angelo , Clemente Maria , De Gregorio Alessandra , Longo Rosa , Bosello Francesca , Marchini Giorgio , Pedrotti Emilio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
PURPOSE: The relation between OSAS and eye diseases is well-known in adults, while very few and contradictory data can be found regarding paediatric ages. The aim of this study is to explore the early corneal, macular and optic nerve changes in paediatric patients with OSAS. METHODS: prospective study that enrolled children aged ≥ 4 years referred to the Paediatric Pneumology Clinic in Verona for suspected obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and investigated with the overnight respiratory polygraphy. Patients with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)>1 were classified as OSAS, those with AHI<1 were classified non-OSAS. All patients underwent comprehensive eye examination including slit lamp, refraction, intraocular pression (Goldman applanation tonometry), corneal tomography (corneal astigmatism, corneal keratometry at the apex, Surface Asymmetry Index, Central corneal Thickness and Thinnest corneal Thickness), optical coherence tomography (central macular thickness, macular volume, and retinal nerve fiber layer).RESULTS: 72 children were enrolled in the study. The overall prevalence of OSAS was 48.6%. Statistically significant differences were found between OSAS and non-OSAS group for corneal asymmetry (0.9 ± 0.5 and 0.6 ±0.3, respectively; p=0.02), thinnest corneal thickness (551.8 ± 33.9 and 563.7 ±32.5; p= 0.04), average retinal nerve fiber layer (102.8 µm ± 10.5 and 98.1 µm ±12.3; p=0.012) and in nasal quadrant (76.2±15.4 µm and 66.5 ±12.6 µm; p= 0.0002).CONCLUSIONS: comprehensive eye examination with corneal and optic nerve imaging showed early corneal and optic nerve changes in children newly diagnosed with OSAS. These could be prelude of the known ocular manifestations associated with OSAS in adult patients.
Long-term Risk of Shunt Failure After Brain Tumor Surgery
Authors: Hosainey Sayied Abdol Mohieb , Lykkedrang Benjamin Lassen , Meling Torstein R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Long-term risks and survival times of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts implanted due to hydrocephalus (HC) after craniotomy for brain tumors are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to establish the overall VP shunt survival rates during a decade post-shunt insertion and to determine risks of failure after brain tumor surgery in the long-term period. In this population-based cohort from a well-defined geographical region, all adult patients (> 18 years) from 2004-2013 who underwent craniotomies for intracranial tumors leading to VP shunt dependency were included. Our brain tumor database was cross-linked to procedure codes for shunt surgery (codes AAF) to extract brain tumor patients who became VP shunt dependent after craniotomy. The VP shunt survival times, i.e. the shunt longevity, was calculated from the day of shunt insertion after brain tumor surgery until the day of its failure. A total of 4174 patients underwent craniotomies, of whom 85 became VP shunt-dependent (2%) afterwards. Twenty-eight patients (33%) had one or more shunt failures during their long-term follow-up, yielding 1-, 5- and 10-year shunt success rates of 77%, 71%, and 67%, respectively. Patient age, sex, tumor location, primary/repeat craniotomy, ventricular entry, post-craniotomy hemorrhage, post-shunting meningitis/infection and multiple shunt revisions were not statistically significant risk factors for shunt failure. Median shunt longevity was 457.5 days and 21.5 days for those with and without pre-craniotomy HC, respectively (p < 0.01). This study can serve as benchmark for future studies.
Study on the Technique of Ellipse Excavation and Tilt Correction of the Stone Statues of the Northern Song Dynasty Imperial Mausoleum
Authors: Ma Qingwen , wang yangyang , Liu Sihan , Fan Xinyu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This article takes the stone statues of the Northern Song Dynasty imperial mausoleum as the research object. Aiming at the characteristics of the stone statues low weight and small building area, combined with the serious weathering of the stone statues, the reasons for the inclination and the defects of the traditional round soil excavation holes, an elliptical soil excavation correction method is proposed. Adopt the method of combining numerical simulation and experiment to carry out the research of elliptical excavation and tilt correction of stone statues. Research indicates: The settlement difference between the excavation side and the non-excavation side increases with the increase of the span-to-height ratio of the excavation hole; The shallower the depth of the digging hole, the greater the settlement difference between the digging side and the non-digging side; The settlement difference between the digging side and the non-digging side decreases with the increase of the hole spacing; The settlement of the superstructure mainly occurs within 4 to 5 hours after the soil is excavated, and then enters a slow growth stage, and finally gradually stabilizes; During the test, the failure of the digging hole belongs to plastic failure. The damage of the digging hole is firstly destroyed from both sides of the hole, and the upper part of the hole is destroyed immediately, and the upper structure edge is destroyed first.
CXCR5 Down-regulation Alleviates Cognitive Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Sepsis-associated Encephalopathy: Potential Role of Neuronal Autophagy and the p38MAPK/NF-κB/STAT3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Shen Yanan , Zhang Yuan , Du Jiayue , Jiang Baochun , Shan Tao , Li Haojia , Bao Hongguang , Si Yanna 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCognitive deficits are common in patients with sepsis. Previous studies in sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) implicated the C-X-C chemokine receptor type (CXCR) 5. The present study used a mouse model of SAE to examine whether CXCR5 down-regulation could attenuate cognitive deficits.MethodsSepsis was induced in adult male C57BL/6J and CXCR5-/- mice by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). At 14-18 days after surgery, animals were tested in a Morris water maze, followed by a fear conditioning test. Transmission electron microscopy of hippocampal sections was used to assess levels of autophagy. Primary microglial cultures challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to examine the effects of short interfering RNA targeting CXCR5, and to investigate the possible involvement of the p38MAPK/NF-κB/STAT3 signaling pathway.ResultsCLP impaired learning and memory and up-regulated CXCR5 in hippocampal microglia. CLP activated hippocampal autophagy, as reflected by increases in numbers of autophagic vacuoles, conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) from form I to form II, accumulation of beclin-1 and autophagy related gene-5, and a decrease in p62 expression. CLP also shifted microglial polarization to the M1 phenotype, and increased levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and phosphorylated p38MAPK. CXCR5 knockout further enhanced autophagy but partially reversed all the other CLP-induced effects, including cognitive deficits. Similar effects on autophagy and cytokine expression were observed after knocking down CXCR5 in LPS-challenged primary microglial cultures; this knockdown also partially reversed LPS-induced up-regulation of phosphorylated NF-κB and STAT3. The p38MAPK agonist P79350 partially reversed the effects of CXCR5 knockdown in microglial cultures.ConclusionsCXCR5 may act via p38MAPK/NF-κB/STAT3 signaling to inhibit hippocampal autophagy during sepsis and thereby contribute to cognitive dysfunction. Down-regulating CXCR5 can restore autophagy and mitigate the proinflammatory microenvironment in the hippocampus.
WITHDRAWN: Is Increased Platelet Aggregation Is a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Women With Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty
Authors: Bolat Ahmet , Zeybek CENGİZ , GÜRSEL ORHAN , TAŞÇILAR MEHMET EMRE 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEarly menarche in girls is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events later in life, but the role of platelets in this risk has not been investigated during puberty. Here, we evaluated the effects of idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) on platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma samples from female patients. MethodsThe study included 40 girls diagnosed with ICPP between February 2012 and June 2016, and a control group consisting of 30 healthy females. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and collagen-induced platelet aggregation were studied with photometric aggregometry. ResultsThere was no difference in the platelet count or volume between girls with ICPP and the control group. In addition, the ADP-induced maximum aggregation time, value, and slope did not significantly differ between the study and control groups (p > 0.05). However, the collagen-induced maximum aggregation time, value, and slope were significantly higher in the study group (p < 0.001). ConclusionsIncreased collagen-induced platelet aggregation was detected in girls with ICPP. Thus, early treatment of ICPP may be important because of the increased risk of cardiovascular events later in life. Extensive studies with more patients are needed to determine the mechanisms of platelet dysfunction in girls with ICPP.
Effectiveness of Cascading Time Series Models Based on Meteorological Factors in Improving Health Risk Prediction
Authors: Jia Shuopeng , She Weibin , Pi Zhipeng , Niu Buying , Zhang Jinhua , Lin Xihan , Xu Mingjun , She Weiya , Liao Jun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Meteorological factors, which are cyclical and regular, have an essential impact on human health. Accurate health risk prediction based on meteorological factors is essential for optimal resource allocation in healthcare units. However, due to the non-stationary and nonlinear of the original hospitalization sequence, traditional methods are less robust to predict it. This study aims to investigate hospital admission prediction models using time series pre-processing algorithms and deep learning approach based on Meteorological factors. Using the hospital electronic medical record data of Panyu Central Hospital and meteorological data of Panyu district from 2003-2019, 46,089 eligible patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and four meteorological factors were identified to build and evaluate the prediction models. A novel hybrid model, Cascade GAM-CEEMDAN-LSTM Model (CGCLM) was established in combination with Generalized Additive Model (GAM), Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN) and Long-Short Term Memory Networks (LSTM) for predicting daily admissions of patients with LRTIs. The experimental results show that the CGCLM multistep method proposed in this paper outperforms the single LSTM model in the prediction of health risk time series at different time window sizes. Moreover, our results also indicate that the CGCLM has the best prediction performance when the time window is set to 61 days (RMSE=1.12, MAE=0.87, R2=0.93). Adequate extraction of exposure-response relationships between meteorological factors and diseases and suitable handling of sequence pre-processing have an important role in time series prediction. This hybrid climate-based model to LRTIs disease prediction can also be extended to the time series prediction of other epidemic disease.
Reactive Oxygen Species Generated by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Ambient Particulate Matter Enhance Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Through MMP Upregulation and Actin Reorganization
Authors: Ju Sujin , Lim Leejin , Ki Young-Jae , Choi Dong-Hyun , Song Heesang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEpidemiological studies have suggested that elevated concentrations of particulate matter (PM) are strongly associated with the incidence of atherosclerosis; however, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of atherosclerosis by PM exposure and the components that are mainly responsible for this adverse effect remain to be established. In this investigation, we evaluated the effects of ambient PM on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) behavior. In addition, the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including oxygenated PAHs (oxy-PAHs), on VSMC migration and the underlying mechanisms were examined.ResultsVSMC migration was significantly increased by treatment with ambient PM. The total amount of PAHs contained in WPM was higher than that in SPM, leading to higher ROS generation and VSMC migration. The increased migration was successfully inhibited by treatment with the ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). The levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9 were significantly increased in ambient PM-treated VSMCs, with MMP9 levels being significantly higher in WPM-treated VSMCs than in those treated with SPM. As expected, migration was significantly increased in all tested PAHs (anthracene, ANT; benz(a)anthracene, BaA) and their oxygenated derivatives (9,10-Anthraquinone, AQ; 7,12-benz(a)anthraquinone, BAQ, respectively). The phosphorylated levels of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and formation of the focal adhesion complex were significantly increased in ambient PM or PAH-treated VSMCs, and these effects were blocked by administration of NAC or a-NF, an inhibitor of AhR, the receptor that allows PAH uptake. Subsequently, the levels of phosphorylated Src and NRF, the downstream targets of FAK, were altered with a pattern similar to that of p-FAK.ConclusionsPAHs, including oxy-PAHs, in ambient PM may have dual effects that lead to an increase in VSMC migration. One is the generation of ROS followed by MMP upregulation, and the other is actin reorganization that results from the activation of the focal adhesion complex.
In Vitro Assessment of Antioxidative Potential of Goat Milk, Casein and its Hydrolysates: Comparison of Goat Milk with Bovine and Buffalo milk
Authors: Kalyan Sunny , MEENA SUNITA , Kapila Suman , Yadav Radha , Deshwal Gaurav Kr 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The present study was executed with an aim to explore the antioxidative potential of goat, cow, and buffalo milk. Buffalo milk has showed highest antioxidative potential than goat and cow milk as measured by ABTS, ORAC, and DPPH assays, whereas goat milk has showed better antioxidative potential than cow milk when measured by ORAC and DPPH. Further, the effect of temperature on the antioxidative potential of goat milk was assessed. An increase in temperature has a negatively affect the antioxidative potential of goat milk. The antioxidative potential of goat milk was in the following order: raw milk > pasteurized milk > boiled milk. Casein derived from goat milk by isoelectric precipitation was hydrolyzed by gastrointestinal enzymes pepsin (P), trypsin (T), chymotrypsin (C), and their combinations PT, PC, TC, and PTC. Among all the casein hydrolysates, the maximum antioxidative potential was found in PT hydrolysate, further fractionated by 10, 3 and 1 kDa ultrafiltration membranes. 3–10 kDa fraction exhibited maximum antioxidative potential in comparison to other fractions of PT hydrolysate. Our results suggested that antioxidative potential of goat milk and its hydrolysates could be an important mean to obtain natural antioxidative peptides.
The Relationship between Dairy Products Intake and Breast Cancer Incidence: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.
Authors: He Yujing , Chen Ping , Zhou Feifei , Si Yuexiu , Fu Rongrong , Xu Binbin , Xu Jiaxuan , Li Xiangyuan , Gu Lihu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The effect of dairy products intake on breast cancer (BC) is highly controversial. This study aims to investigate the relationship between dairy intake and BC incidence.Methods: A search was carried out in PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases before January 2021. The primary endpoint was the relationship between intake of dairy products and BC risk. Results: The meta-analysis comprised 36 articles with 1,019,232 participants. Total dairy products have a protective effect on female population (hazard ratio (HR) =0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) =0.91-0.99, p=0.019), especially for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) (HR=0.79, p=0.002) and progesterone receptor-positive (PR+) BC (HR=0.75, p=0.027). For ER+/PR+ BC, there is a trend of protection, but it has not reached statistical significance (HR=0.92, p=0.075). Fermented dairy products can reduce BC risk in postmenopausal population (HR=0.96, 95%CI=0.93-0.99, p=0.021), but have no protective effect on premenopausal population (HR=0.98, 95%CI=0.94-1.03, p=0.52). Non-fermented dairy products have no significant effect on BC occurrence (p>0.05). High-fat dairy products are harmful to women, without statistical difference (HR=1.06, 95%CI=1.00-1.13, p=0.066). On the contrary, low-fat dairy products can protect the premenopausal population (HR=0.94, 95%CI=0.89-1.00, p=0.048).Conclusion: The intake of dairy products can overall reduce BC risk in the female population, but different dairy products have varying effects on different BC subtypes and menopausal status.