bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Handheld Ultrasound Device Usage and Image Acquisition Ability Among Internal Medicine Trainees: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Buesing Jessica , Weng Yingjie , Kugler John , Wang Libo , Blaha Ondrej , Hom Jason , Ahuja Neera , Kumar Andre 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
There is insufficient knowledge about how personal access to handheld ultrasound devices (HUDs) improves trainee learning with point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS).

Objective
To assess whether HUDs, alongside a yearlong lecture series, improved trainee POCUS usage and ability to acquire images.

Methods
Internal medicine intern physicians (n = 47) at a single institution from 2017 to 2018 were randomized 1:1 to receive personal HUDs (n = 24) for patient care/self-directed learning vs no-HUDs (n = 23). All interns received a repeated lecture series on cardiac, thoracic, and abdominal POCUS. Main outcome measures included self-reported HUD usage rates and post-intervention assessment scores using the Rapid Assessment of Competency in Echocardiography (RACE) scale between HUD and no-HUD groups.

Results
HUD interns reported performing POCUS assessments on patients a mean 6.8 (SD 2.2) times per week vs 6.4 (SD 2.9) times per week in non-HUD arm (P = .66). There was no relationship between the number of self-reported examinations per week and a trainee's post-intervention RACE score (rho = 0.022, P = .95). HUD interns did not have significantly higher post-intervention RACE scores (median HUD score 17.0 vs no-HUD score 17.8; P = .72). Trainee confidence with cardiac POCUS did not correlate with RACE scores.

Conclusions
Personal HUDs without direct supervision did not increase the amount of POCUS usage or improve interns' acquisition abilities. Interns who reported performing more examinations per week did not have higher RACE scores. Improved HUD access and lectures without additional feedback may not improve POCUS mastery.
Preliminary Test of the Potential of Contact With Dogs to Elicit Spontaneous Imitation in Children and Adults With Severe Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Silva Karine , Lima Mariely , Fafiães Carla , Sinval Jorge , de Sousa Liliana 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Importance: Finding strategies to enhance imitation skills in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is of major clinical relevance.
Objective: To evaluate whether contact with dogs may be a useful approach to elicit spontaneous imitation in people with ASD.
Design: Participants completed a spontaneous imitation task under three experimental conditions: after a free-play interaction with a live dog, after a free-play interaction with a robotic dog, and after a waiting period that involved no stimuli.
Participants: Ten children and 15 adults diagnosed with severe ASD.
Outcomes and Measures: Imitation ratio, imitation accuracy, and indicators of social motivation.
Results: Children appeared more motivated and engaged more frequently in spontaneous imitation in the live dog condition than in the other conditions. No differences between conditions were found for adults for imitation or social motivation. However, correlations suggested a possible trend for adults in time spent engaging with the live dog before testing and in increased imitation frequency.
Conclusions and Relevance: The results are preliminary and do not indicate the utility of integrating (live) dogs into interventions aimed at promoting social motivation and enhancing imitation skills in people with ASD. However, they suggest that doing so holds promise. Larger scale studies are now needed.
What This Article Adds: This research calls for occupational therapy practitioners’ attention to the potential benefits that may derive from using dogs to promote spontaneous imitation, and increase imitation performance, in people with ASD, particularly children.
Circulating exosomal lncRNAs in patients with chronic coronary syndromes
Authors: Zheng Meili , Han Ruijuan , Yuan Wen , Chi Hongjie , Zhang Yeping , Sun Kai , Zhong Jiuchang , Liu Xiaoyan , Yang Xinchun 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionThe concept of chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) was first presented at the European Society of Cardiology Meeting in 2019. However, the roles of exosomal lncRNAs in CCS remain largely unclear.Material and methodsA case-control study was performed with a total of
218 participants (137 males and 81 females), including 15 CCS patients and
15 controls for sequencing profiles, 20 CCS patients and 20 controls for the first validation, and 100 CCS patients and 48 controls for the second validation. Exosomes were isolated from the plasma of CCS patients and controls, and exosomal lncRNAs were identified by sequencing profiles and verified twice by qRT-PCR analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of exosomal lncRNAs for CCS patients.ResultsA total of 152 significantly differentially expressed lncRNAs with over two-fold changes were detected in plasma exosomes of CCS patients, including 90 upregulated and 62 downregulated lncRNAs. Importantly, 6 upregulated lncRNAs with the top fold changes were selected for validations. Exosomal lncRNAs ENST00000424615.2 and ENST00000560769.1 were significantly elevated in CCS patients in both validations compared with controls. The areas under the ROC of lncRNAs ENST00000424615.2 and ENST00000560769.1 were 0.654 and 0.722, respectively. Additionally, exosomal lncRNA ENST00000560769.1 was significantly higher in the CCS patients with more diseased vessels (p = 0.028).ConclusionsExosomal lncRNA ENST00000424615.2 and ENST00000560769.1 were identified as novel diagnosis biomarkers for patients with CCS. Moreover, exosomal lncRNA ENST00000560769.1 was significantly higher in the CCS patients with more diseased vessels, and might be associated with a poor prognosis.
Serum S100A8 as an early diagnostic biomarker in patients with community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Fang Pu , Zheng Ling , Cao Peng , Zhang Chen , Fei Jun , Xu Zheng , Feng Chun-Mei , Zhao Hui , Lu You-Jin , Fu Lin 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionLimited studies have suggested that calprotectin may take part in the pathophysiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Nevertheless, there is no clinical study analysing the role of S100A8 in CAP patients. The objective of this study was to analyse the association of serum S100A8 with the severity of CAP and determine the cut-off values of S100A8 for predictive power based on a cross-sectional study.Material and methodsA total of 200 CAP patients and 100 normal subjects were recruited. Demographic data, clinical information, and serum were collected on admission. S100A8 and inflammatory cytokines were detected using ELISA and RT-PCR. All statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 19.0.ResultsSerum S100A8 was increased in CAP patients on admission. Serum S100A8 was gradually increased in parallel with CAP severity scores. Serum S100A8 was positively correlated with CAP severity scores, blood routine parameters, and inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate logistical regression revealed that there were positive associations between serum S100A8 with CRB-65, PSI, and CURXO. Moreover, the predictive capacity of serum S100A8 was determined by ROC curve analysis. The area under the curves of S100A8 for CAP and CAP severity were 0.855 and 0.893, respectively. Mechanistic analysis found that S100A8 knockdown alleviated streptococcus pneumoniae-evoked inflammatory cytokines in A549 cells.ConclusionsSerum S100A8 on admission was positively associated with the severity of CAP. S100A8 knockdown alleviates streptococcus pneumoniae-evoked inflammatory cytokines in A549 cells, indicating that S100A8 may exert a significant effect on the pathophysiology of CAP and could be an early serum diagnostic biomarker for CAP.
Mental wellbeing of healthcare workers working in quarantine centers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Qatar
Authors: Wadoo Ovais , Latoo Javed , Iqbal Yousaf , Kudlur Chandrappa Nirvana Swamy , Chandra Prem , Masoodi Naseer Ahmad , Rahman S. Al-Maslamani Muna A. , Alabdulla Majid 
Published: January 2021

Background: Healthcare workers managing Coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) patients are at increased risk of poor mental wellbeing. The available literature on the psychological impact in the Arabian Gulf region is limited, and a more in-depth analysis of factors affecting frontline healthcare workers’ mental wellbeing is warranted. The aim of this study was to evaluate and explore healthcare workers’ wellbeing working in quarantine centers in Qatar.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, web-based survey conducted on healthcare workers managing patients in designated quarantine centers. Healthcare workers associated with 51 COVID-19 quarantine centers were eligible to participate in this survey from April 19 to May 3, 2020. The primary outcome of interest was mental wellbeing as measured by the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS).
Results: A total of 127 of 169 contacted staff members completed the survey, with a participation rate of 75%. Approximately 17.4% of participants had well-being scores of less than 45, indicating suboptimal wellbeing and a high risk of psychological distress and depression. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that nurses are associated with increased risk (more than the fivefold higher risk of having WEMWBS score < 45) of adverse mental wellbeing (adjusted OR 5.65; 95% CI 0.57, 56.4; p = 0.140).
Conclusion: The psychological impact of working in quarantine centers on healthcare workers was less than what has been reported globally. Nurses are the most vulnerable group. It is essential that health services monitor the psychological impact on its workforce and puts appropriate mitigation strategies in place.
Organizational and Technological Modeling of Industrial Facility Redeployment
Authors: Lapidus Azariy 
Published: January 2021

Redeployment of industrial facilities allows companies to optimize their structure while also creating a competitive environment in the service sector. In addition, during the redeployment process, the property complex undergoes optimization. Because of releasing production, the costs could be reduced by preserving, selling, and leasing production space. However, to achieve and strengthen long-term competitiveness, companies are forced to adjust their activities with an emphasis on the changing demands of the period. Since the world is constantly changing, it is very important to respond to these changes expediently and quickly. So far, international practice and experience of redeployment in the Russian Federation have shown that it is one of the most difficult managerial tasks. During this process, many restrictions and unique characteristics of the company, where they are implemented, should be considered. Consequently, it must be performed only in the presence of the clearly defined goals, redeployment concept, and an understanding of each stage and the methods to be observed. This is a relevant study because the model of the work performed during redeployment allows this process to go as smoothly and efficiently as possible allowing the company to adapt to new market conditions. However, the topic of the study is poorly covered nowadays. In fact, many sources consider a redesigning strategy only as a special case study of a restructuring strategy or a strategy for updating the fixed assets. Therefore, regulatory documentation for capital construction projects as well as redeployment facilities should be improved
Concentration Mechanisms of Rare Earth Element-Nb-Zr-Be Mineralization in the Baerzhe Deposit, Northeast China: Insights from Textural and Chemical Features of Amphibole and Rare Metal Minerals
Authors: Wu Mingqian , Samson Iain M. , Qiu Kunfeng , Zhang Dehui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Early Cretaceous Baerzhe deposit in Inner Mongolia, Northeast China, hosts a world-class resource of rare earth elements (REEs), niobium, zirconium, and beryllium. In contrast to previous interpretations of the deposit as a multiphase, miaskitic alkaline granite, our observations of the relationships of various rock phases, the textural features and chemical evolution of amphibole, and the distribution of primary and secondary mineral assemblages suggest that the igneous phases evolved from a hypersolvus porphyritic granite, through a variably altered transsolvus granite, both of which are miaskitic, to a strongly altered, agpaitic, transsolvus granite that contained primary elpidite. All of these phases share a common igneous lineage. The Baerzhe deposit is characterized by five stages of rare metal mineralization, starting with the magmatic crystallization of elpidite (stage I). Elpidite was subsequently hydrothermally replaced by zircon and quartz to form pseudomorphs in stage II. Stage II is also characterized by Na metasomatism (albite and aegirine alteration of alkali feldspar and amphibole, respectively) and by snowball quartz that contains inclusions of albite, aegirine, and zircon. Sodium metasomatism, Zr mineralization, and snowball quartz are restricted to the agpaitic rocks. REEs, Nb, and Be occur as a variety of minerals that are disseminated through all the altered rocks and were precipitated in three sequential stages (stages III-V), with the formation of heavy REE-dominant phases generally preceding light REE-dominant phases. Moderate to pervasive hematization, which altered much of the transsolvus miaskitic granite and all the agpaitic granite, initiated late in stage II and accompanied most of the REE-Nb-Be mineralization in stage III. The stage-III mineralization, represented by hingganite-(Y), hingganite-(Ce), aeschynite-(Y), and columbite-(Fe), developed in two substages, with hingganite-(Y) preceding hingganite-(Ce); these REE-Nb-Be minerals are mainly contained in quartz-rich pseudomorphs (REE-Nb-Be–rich pseudomorphs) but also occur as partial replacement of earlier minerals. Stages IV and V represent a transition from F-absent assemblages that are characterized by euxenite-group minerals and monazite-(Ce) in stage IV-A, to light REE and F-rich minerals: bastnäsite-(Ce) in stage IV-B and fluocerite-(Ce) and synchysite-(Ce) in stage V. The low REE, Nb, and Be concentrations in amphibole and the fact that REE-Nb-Be assemblages never contain zircon as a constituent preclude leaching of preexisting amphibole or zirconosilicates as significant sources of REEs, Nb, or Be. Rather, these elements may have inherently been present in magmatic-hydrothermal fluids or have been leached from crystallized fluoride melts.
Kalman Filter Harmonic Bank for Vostok Ice Core Data Analysis and Climate Predictions
Authors: Hodzic Migdat , Kennedy Ivan 
Published: January 2021

The Vostok ice core data cover 420,000 years indicating the natural regularity of Earth’s surface temperature and climate. Here, we consider four major cycles of similar duration, ranging from 86,000 to 128,000 years, comprising 15% of periods for the warming interglacials compared to some 85% of cooling periods. Globally, we are near the peak of a rapid warming period. We perform a detailed frequency analysis of temperature and CO2 cycles, as a primary stage in building a logical Climate Prediction Engine (CPE), illustrated with specific harmonics. This analysis can be repeated for all harmonics and various cycle combinations. Our time correlation estimates the CO2 time lag for temperature at 400–2300 years, depending on the cycle, longer on average than previously concluded. We also perform Fast-Fourier transform analysis, identifying a full harmonic spectrum for each cycle, plus an energy analysis to identify each harmonic amplitude − to achieve further prediction analysis using a Kalman filter harmonic bank. For Vostok data we can use combinations of different cycles compared to the most recent for learning and then the current ongoing cycle for testing. Assuming causal time regularity, more cycles can be employed in training, hence reducing the prediction error for the next cycle. This results in prediction of climate data with both naturally occurring as well as human forced CO2 values. We perform this detailed time and frequency analysis as a basis for improving the quality of our climate prediction methodologies, with particular attention to testing alternative hypotheses of the possible causes of climate change. These include the effect on albedo of suspended dust and increasing water vapor with temperature in initiating interglacial warming, the effect of temperature and pH values of surface water on ambient level of CO2 in the atmosphere and finding a larger latent heat capacity in the atmosphere required to sustain its circulatory motions, leading to friction and turbulent release of heat in boundary layer. All these potentials can be examined in an effective CPE.
Current Geodynamics and Evolutionary Trends of a Headland Bay Beach System in the Semi-Arid Coast of Chile
Authors: Soto María-Victoria , Cabello Misael , Arriagada-González Joselyn 
Published: January 2021

The Chilean coast is controlled by the tectonics and structure, generating an irregular coastal landscape, with bays, marine terraces, sandy and gravel beaches, sand dune fields and Andean slopes, forming some mega cliffs that are attacked by waves. The Chilean coastline is shaped by headland bay beaches, with a dynamic coast modeled by south-western winds and south–north longshore current. We analyzed the case of the Coquimbo mega headland bay beach, which consists of four headland bay beaches. A methodological study was carried out on the morphometric parameters of the shoreline and the types of beaches dominated by waves along with geomorphological analysis of the coastal zone. We observed a mass transfer process from south to north. The northern sections of the bays are the places with the densest sand dune fields. This concentration of dunes occurs in each bay individually and in the mega bay as well. The sedimentary supply comes from Andean catchments to the shoreline and is transported and reworked by the longshore current to the northern area, where a huge sand field dune has developed, 120 km away from the mouth of Limarí River, the most southern catchment in the study area. In the mega bay, the current trend is a continuous sedimentary supply, despite the semi-arid conditions and the extreme drought that has affected the area since 2011. The study area is also a popular destination in Chile for beach tourism and is a place of interest for the mining industry.
The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) based on long-read nanopore sequencing
Authors: Filipović Igor , Hereward James P. , Rašić Gordana , Devine Gregor J. , Furlong Michael J. , Etebari Kayvan 
Published: January 2021

Background
The coconut rhinoceros beetle (CRB, Oryctes rhinoceros) is a severe and invasive pest of coconut and other palms throughout Asia and the Pacific. The biocontrol agent, Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV), has successfully suppressed O. rhinoceros populations for decades but new CRB invasions started appearing after 2007. A single-SNP variant within the mitochondrial cox1 gene is used to distinguish the recently-invading CRB-G lineage from other haplotypes, but the lack of mitogenome sequence for this species hinders further development of a molecular toolset for biosecurity and management programmes against CRB. Here we report the complete circular sequence and annotation for CRB mitogenome, generated to support such efforts.

Methods
Sequencing data were generated using long-read Nanopore technology from genomic DNA isolated from a CRB-G female. The mitogenome was assembled with Flye v.2.5, using the short-read Illumina sequences to remove homopolymers with Pilon, and annotated with MITOS. Independently-generated transcriptome data were used to assess the O. rhinoceros mitogenome annotation and transcription. The aligned sequences of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) (with degenerate third codon position) from O. rhinoceros, 13 other Scarabaeidae taxa and two outgroup taxa were used for the phylogenetic reconstruction with the Maximum likelihood (ML) approach in IQ-TREE and Bayesian (BI) approach in MrBayes.

Results
The complete circular mitogenome of O. rhinoceros is 20,898 bp in length, with a gene content canonical for insects (13 PCGs, two rRNA genes, and 22 tRNA genes), as well as one structural variation (rearrangement of trnQ and trnI) and a long control region (6,204 bp). Transcription was detected across all 37 genes, and interestingly, within three domains in the control region. ML and BI phylogenies had the same topology, correctly grouping O. rhinoceros with one other Dynastinae taxon, and recovering the previously reported relationship among lineages in the Scarabaeidae. In silico PCR-RFLP analysis recovered the correct fragment set that is diagnostic for the CRB-G haplogroup. These results validate the high-quality of the O. rhinoceros mitogenome sequence and annotation.
Ballroom dancers exhibit a dispositional need for arousal and elevated cerebral cortical activity during preferred melodic recall
Authors: Jin Xinhong , Lu Yingzhi , Hatfield Bradley D. , Wang Xiaoyu , Wang Biye , Zhou Chenglin 
Published: January 2021

Background
Although the association of human temperament and preference has been studied previously, few investigations have examined cerebral cortical activation to assess brain dynamics associated with the motivation to engage in performance. The present study adopted a personality and cognitive neuroscience approach to investigate if participation in ballroom dancing is associated with sensation-seeking temperament and elevated cerebral cortical arousal during freely chosen musical recall.

Methods
Preferred tempo, indicated by tapping speed during melodic recall, and a measure of fundamental disposition or temperament were assessed in 70 ballroom dancers and 71 nondancers. All participants completed a trait personality inventory (i.e., the Chen Huichang 60 Temperaments Inventory) to determine four primary types: choleric, sanguine, phlegmatic and melancholic. Participants separately recalled their favorite musical piece and tapped to it with their index finger for 40 beats using a computer keyboard. A subset of 59 participants (29 ballroom dancers and 30 nondancers) also repeated the same tapping task while electroencephalographic (EEG) activity was recorded.

Results
The results revealed that the dancers were more extraverted, indicative of a heightened need for arousal, exhibited a preference for faster musical tempo, and exhibited elevated EEG beta power during the musical recall task relative to nondancers. Paradoxically, dancers also showed elevated introversion (i.e., melancholic score) relative to nondancers, which can be resolved by consideration of interactional personality theory if one assumes reasonably that dance performance environment is perceived in a stimulating manner.

Conclusion
The results are generally consistent with arousal theory, and suggest that ballroom dancers seek elevated stimulation and, thereby, choose to engage with active and energetic rhythmic auditory stimulation, thus providing the nervous system with the requisite stimulation for desired arousal. These results also suggest an underlying predisposition for engagement in ballroom dance and support the gravitational hypothesis, which propose that personality traits and perception lead to the motivation to engage in specific forms of human performance.