bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrient stoichiometry of a plant-microbe-soil system in response to cover crop species and soil type
Authors: Bragazza Luca , Fontana Mario , Guillaume Thomas , Scow Kate M. , Sinaj Sokrat 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Aims
The theory of ecological stoichiometry mostly builds on studies of natural terrestrial ecosystems, whereas only limited stoichiometry information is available in response to agronomic practices.

Methods
We designed a greenhouse experiment in order to disentangle the specific role of cover crop identity and soil characteristic in affecting nutrient stoichiometry of a plant-microbe-soil system.

Results
Nutrient ratios of cover crop biomass were species-specific and the growth rate explained, for most species considered, the stoichiometric differences in response to soil type. In contrast, the nutrient stoichiometry of soil microbes was more homeostatic and did not respond to either cover crop identity or soil type. Compared to bare soil, the presence of cover crop enhanced microbial phosphorus immobilization in the clay-rich soil, whereas it promoted microbial carbon biomass and microbial nitrogen immobilization in the sandy-rich soil. A greater microbial cumulative respiration in clay soils, where a higher microbial biomass C at the beginning of the incubation was observed, suggested a major role of soil type, compared to cover crop identity, in affecting microbial metabolism.

Conclusions
By understanding the stoichiometric constraints in the plant-microbe-soil system, our findings can help to implement agro-ecological practices by selecting appropriate cover crop species in relation to soil type in order, for example, to avoid nutrient limitation due to microbial nutrient immobilization.
How do Google searches for symptoms, news and unemployment interact during COVID-19? A Lotka–Volterra analysis of google trends data
Authors: Sotis Chiara 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this paper I exploit Google searches for the topics “symptoms”, “unemployment” and “news” as a proxy for how much attention people pay to the health and economic situation and the amount of news they consume, respectively. I then use an integrable nonautonomous Lotka–Volterra model to study the interactions among these searches in three U.S. States (Mississippi, Nevada and Utah), the District of Columbia and in the U.S. as a whole. I find that the results are very similar in all areas analyzed, and for different specifications of the model. Prior to the pandemic outbreak, the interactions among health searches, unemployment searches and news consumption are very weak, i.e. an increase in searches for one of these topics does not affect the amount of searches for the others. However, from around the beginning of the pandemic these interactions intensify greatly, suggesting that the pandemic has created a tight link between the health and economic situation and the amount of news people consume. I observe that from March 2020 unemployment predates searches for news and for symptoms. Consequently, whenever searches for unemployment increase, all the other searches decrease. Conversely, when searches for any of the other topics considered increase, searches for unemployment also increase. This underscores the importance of mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on unemployment to avoid that this issue swallows all others in the mind of the people.
Powers in arithmetic progressions
Authors: Hajdu Lajos , Tengely Szabolcs 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe investigate the function $$P_{a,b;N}(\ell )$$

P

a
,
b
;
N

(
ℓ
)

describing the number of $$\ell $$
ℓ
-th powers among the first N terms of an arithmetic progression $$ax+b$$

a
x
+
b

. We completely describe the arithmetic progressions containing the most $$\ell $$
ℓ
-th powers asymptotically. Based on these results we formulate problems concerning the maximum of $$P_{a,b;N}(\ell )$$

P

a
,
b
;
N

(
ℓ
)

, and we give affirmative answers to these questions for certain small values of $$\ell $$
ℓ
and N.
Paediatric Cushing’s disease: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical management and outcome
Authors: Ferrigno Rosario , Hasenmajer Valeria , Caiulo Silvana , Minnetti Marianna , Mazzotta Paola , Storr Helen L , Isidori Andrea M , Grossman Ashley B , De Martino Maria Cristina , Savage Martin O 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCushing’s disease (CD) is rare in paediatric practice but requires prompt investigation, diagnosis and therapy to prevent long-term complications. Key presenting features are a change in facial appearance, weight gain, growth failure, virilization, disturbed puberty and psychological disturbance. Close consultation with an adult endocrinology department is recommended regarding diagnosis and therapy. The incidence of CD, a form of ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome (CS), is equal to approximately 5% of that seen in adults. The majority of ACTH-secreting adenomas are monoclonal and sporadic, although recent studies of pituitary tumours have shown links to several deubiquitination gene defects. Diagnosis requires confirmation of hypercortisolism followed by demonstration of ACTH-dependence. Identification of the corticotroph adenoma by pituitary MRI and/or bilateral inferior petrosal sampling for ACTH may contribute to localisation before pituitary surgery. Transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) with selective microadenomectomy is first-line therapy, followed by external pituitary irradiation if surgery is not curative. Medical therapy to suppress adrenal steroid synthesis is effective in the short-term and bilateral adrenalectomy should be considered in cases unfit for TSS or radiotherapy or when urgent remission is needed after unsuccessful surgery. TSS induces remission of hypercortisolism and improvement of symptoms in 70–100% of cases, particularly when performed by a surgeon with experience in children. Post-TSS complications include pituitary hormone deficiencies, sub-optimal catch-up growth, and persisting excess of BMI. Recurrence of hypercortisolism following remission is recognised but infrequent, being less common than in adult CD patients. With experienced specialist medical and surgical care, the overall prognosis is good. Early referral to an experienced endocrine centre is advised.
Molecular Simulations of Electrotunable Lubrication: Viscosity and Wall Slip in Aqueous Electrolytes
Authors: Seidl Christian , Hörmann Johannes L. , Pastewka Lars 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe study the frictional response of water-lubricated gold electrodes subject to an electrostatic potential difference using molecular dynamics simulations. Contrary to previous studies on electrotunable lubrication that were carried out by fixing the charges, our simulations keep electrodes at fixed electrostatic potential using a variable charge method. For pure water and NaCl solutions, viscosity is independent of the polarization of the electrodes, but wall slip depends on the potential difference. Our findings are in agreement with previous analytical theories of how wall slip is affected by interatomic interactions. The simulations shed light on the role of electrode polarization for wall slip and illustrate a mechanism for controlling friction and nanoscale flow in simple aqueous lubricants.
The relationship between landscape features and domestic species on the occupancy of native mammals in urban forests
Authors: Soultan Alaaeldin , Attum Omar , Lahue Wade 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLandscape features such as roads, hiking trails, and forest edge are prevalent features of urban forests. These features can negatively influence biodiversity through fragmentation and facilitate the penetration of invasive species, particularly predators such as domestic dogs and cats. This study examined how these landscape features affect the distribution of native and domestic mammals and how domestic species affect the occupancy and activity patterns of native mammals. To this end, we conducted camera trap surveys in forested urban and suburban parks in Indiana and Kentucky, USA, to record the presence of native species (deer, raccoons, coyote, and opossums) and non-native predators (domesticated cats and dogs) in relation to distance to nearest roads, hiking trails, and forest edge. We found negative correlations between proximity to roads, hiking trails, and forest edge and the occupancy of the native species with this effect extending up to 300 m. We also found evidence that the presence of dog and cat was negatively correlated with the occupancy for all native species. We recommend park management consider the impact of roads, hiking trails, and forest edge when designing parks and the enforcement of dog leash regulations for the conservation of large mammals in urban parks.
Quantum ontology without speculation
Authors: Egg Matthias 
Published: January 2021

AbstractExisting proposals concerning the ontology of quantum mechanics (QM) either involve speculation that goes beyond the scientific evidence or abandon realism about large parts of QM. This paper proposes a way out of this dilemma, by showing that QM as it is formulated in standard textbooks allows for a much more substantive ontological commitment than is usually acknowledged. For this purpose, I defend a non-fundamentalist approach to ontology, which is then applied to various aspects of QM. In particular, I will defend realism about spin, which has been viewed as a particularly hard case for the ontology of QM.
The impact of the proposed rubber dam facilitated surface water irrigation on adjacent groundwater at Chapai Nawabganj district, Bangladesh
Authors: Paul Sondipon , Hasan Khairul 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe dry season irrigation primarily depends on groundwater in Bangladesh. The over-abstraction, along with decreasing recharge, is depleting the groundwater resource across the country. Consequently, the government of Bangladesh is planning to switch from groundwater to surface water irrigation. In line with this, Bangladesh Water Development Board has proposed to construct a rubber dam on the Mohananda river at the Chapai Nawabganj district. This work investigated the impact of the proposed reservoir facilitated surface water irrigation on the adjacent groundwater in the study area. A coupled river–groundwater modeling technique was used to predict the long-term groundwater condition. Results showed that the groundwater lowering rate reduced to 50 mm/year inside the irrigation zone compared to 87 mm/year outside the zone. Also, the augmented surface water irrigation raised the groundwater over an area of 141 km2 and 242 km2 in 2029 relative to the base condition of 2013 and existing irrigation practice if continued, respectively. Besides, the raised groundwater resulted in a higher discharge from the aquifer to the river. The study concludes that increased surface water irrigation successfully lowered the groundwater declination rate, especially in the surface water irrigation zone.
TNF-α-Inhibition Improves the Biocompatibility of Porous Polyethylene Implants In Vivo
Authors: Hussain Timon , Gellrich Donata , Siemer Svenja , Reichel Christoph A. , Eckrich Jonas , Dietrich Dimo , Knauer Shirley K. , Stauber Roland H. , Strieth Sebastian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground:To improve the biocompatibility of porous polyethylene (PPE) implants and expand their application range for reconstructive surgery in poorly vascularized environments, implants were coated with tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) inhibitor Etanercept. While approved for systemic application, local application of the drug is a novel experimental approach. Microvascular and mechanical integration as well as parameters of inflammation were analyzedin vivo.Methods:PPE implants were coated with Etanercept and extracellular matrix (ECM) components prior to implantation into dorsal skinfold chambers of C57BL/6 mice. Fluorescence microscopy analyses of angiogenesis and local inflammatory response were thrice performedin vivoover a period of 14 days to assess tissue integration and biocompatibility. Uncoated implants and ECM-coated implants served as controls.Results:TNFα inhibition with Etanercept led to a reduced local inflammatory response: leukocyte-endothelial cell adherence was significantly lowered compared to both control groups (n = 6/group) on days 3 and 14, where the lowest values were reached: 3573.88 leukocytes/mm-2 ± 880.16 (uncoated implants) vs. 3939.09 mm-2 ± 623.34 (Matrigel only) vs. 637.98 mm-2 + 176.85 (Matrigel and Etanercept). Implant-coating with Matrigel alone and Matrigel and Etanercept led to significantly higher vessel densities 7 and 14 days vs. 3 days after implantation and compared to uncoated implants. Mechanical implant integration as measured by dynamic breaking strength did not differ after 14 days.Conclusion:Our data show a reduced local inflammatory response to PPE implants after immunomodulatory coating with Etanerceptin vivo, suggesting improved biocompatibility. Application of this tissue engineering approach is therefore warranted in models of a compromised host environment.
Resistance Exercise in Prostate Cancer Patients: a Short Review
Authors: Zdravkovic Andrej , Hasenoehrl Timothy , Crevenna Richard 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of recent findings concerning the utilization of resistance exercise (RE) in prostate cancer (PCa), in particular as pertaining to the management of cancer therapy side effects.

Recent Findings
As of late, studies investigating the effects of RE in PCa patients have found positive effects on muscle strength, body composition, physical functioning, quality of life, and fatigue. The combination of RE and impact training appears to decrease the loss of bone mineral density. RE seems to be well accepted and tolerated, even by patients with bone metastatic disease, although a modification of the RE prescription is often necessary.

Summary
In PCa patients, RE has been well-researched and the data are clear that it is beneficial in multiple ways. Future directions should look at the long-term effects of RE, including mortality and relapse, as well as implementation of exercise programs.
CuO/CuxS composites fabrication and their thermoelectric properties
Authors: Mulla Rafiq , Rabinal M. K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHerein, copper oxide/copper sulfide (CuO/CuxS) composites have been prepared by treating CuO with thiourea by an aqueous hydrothermal route and their thermoelectric properties are studied. The electrical conductivity is improved with the increase in thiourea content, as a result, thermoelectric power factor increased from 10–4 to 101 µW m−1 K−2, and thermal conductivity of the CuO is also found to decrease with thiourea treatment. A detailed analysis indicated that these changes are due to the formation of copper sulfide (CuxS) in the CuO compound; a small fraction of electrically good conducting CuxS in the bulk CuO has produced composites with better electrical conductivity. These low-cost and non-toxic materials can be useful in thermoelectric energy conversion applications.
Acute kidney injury and its outcomes in melioidosis
Authors: Prabhu Ravindra Attur , Shaw Tushar , Rao Indu Ramachandra , Kalwaje Eshwara Vandana , Nagaraju Shankar Prasad , Shenoy Srinivas Vinayak , Mukhopadhyay Chiranjay 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Melioidosis is a potentially fatal tropical infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei. Kidney involvement is possible, but has not been well described.

Aim
This study aimed to assess the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) and its outcomes in melioidosis.

Methods
A retrospective observational cohort study was performed. Case records of consecutive patients with culture-confirmed melioidosis, observed from January 1st, 2012 through December 31st, 2019 were analysed for demographics, presence of comorbidities, including chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes mellitus (DM), and presence of bacteraemia, sepsis, shock, AKI, and urinary abnormalities. The outcomes we studied were: mortality, need for hospitalisation in an intensive care unit (ICU), duration of hospitalization. We then compared the outcomes between patients with and without AKI.

Results
Of 164 patients, AKI was observed in 59 (35.98%), and haemodialysis was required in eight (13.56%). In the univariate analysis, AKI was associated with CKD (OR 5.83; CI 1.140–29.90, P = 0.03), bacteraemia (OR 8.82; CI 3.67–21.22, P < 0.001) and shock (OR 3.75; CI 1.63–8.65, P = 0.04). In the multivariate analysis, CKD (adjusted OR 10.68; 95% CI 1.66–68.77; P = 0.013) and bacteraemia (adjusted OR 8.22; 95% CI 3.15–21.47, P < 0.001) predicted AKI. AKI was associated with a greater need for ICU care (37.3% vs. 13.3%, P = 0.001), and mortality (32.2% vs. 5.7%, P < 0.001). Mortality increased with increasing AKI stage, i.e. stage 1 (OR 3.52, CI 0.9–13.7, P = 0.07), stage 2 (OR 6.79, CI 1.92–24, P = 0.002) and stage 3 (OR 17.8, CI 5.05–62.8, P < 0.001), however kidney function recovered in survivors. Hyponatremia was observed in 138 patients (84.15%) and isolated urinary abnormalities were seen in 31(18.9%).

Conclusions
AKI is frequent in melioidosis and occurred in 35.9% of our cases. Hyponatremia is likewise common. AKI was predicted by bacteraemia and CKD, and was associated with higher mortality and need for ICU care; however kidney function recovery was observed in survivors.

Graphic abstract
Attention neural collaboration filtering based on GRU for recommender systems
Authors: Xia Hongbin , Luo Yang , Liu Yuan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe collaborative filtering method is widely used in the traditional recommendation system. The collaborative filtering method based on matrix factorization treats the user’s preference for the item as a linear combination of the user and the item latent vectors, and cannot learn a deeper feature representation. In addition, the cold start and data sparsity remain major problems for collaborative filtering. To tackle these problems, some scholars have proposed to use deep neural network to extract text information, but did not consider the impact of long-distance dependent information and key information on their models. In this paper, we propose a neural collaborative filtering recommender method that integrates user and item auxiliary information. This method fully integrates user-item rating information, user assistance information and item text assistance information for feature extraction. First, Stacked Denoising Auto Encoder is used to extract user features, and Gated Recurrent Unit with auxiliary information is used to extract items’ latent vectors, respectively. The attention mechanism is used to learn key information when extracting text features. Second, the latent vectors learned by deep learning techniques are used in multi-layer nonlinear networks to learn more abstract and deeper feature representations to predict user preferences. According to the verification results on the MovieLens data set, the proposed model outperforms other traditional approaches and deep learning models making it state of the art.
SIRT7–SREBP1 restrains cancer cell metabolic reprogramming by upregulating IDH1
Authors: Su Fengting , Tang Xiaolong , Li Guo , Koeberle Andreas , Liu Baohua 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSIRT7 plays critical roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression; however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we aimed to identify downstream targets of SIRT7 to help delineate its precise function. In this study, we demonstrate that SIRT7 is essential to regulate IDH1 expression in various cancer cell types. Interestingly, both SIRT7 and IDH1 levels are downregulated in breast cancer lung metastases and are useful for predicting disease progression and prognosis. Mechanistically, SIRT7 enhancesIDH1transcription, and this process is mediated by SREBP1.SIRT7insufficiency reduces cellular α-ketoglutarate, a metabolite product of IDH1, and suppresses lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis. Moreover, α-ketoglutarate decline increases HIF1α protein levels and, thus, promotes glycolysis. This effect permits cancer cells to facilitate Warburg effect and undergo fast proliferation. Overall, the SIRT7–IDH1 axis regulates cancer cell metabolic reprogramming and, thus, might serve as a point of therapeutic intervention.
The influence of regional Italian images on consumer behaviour: a study of consumers in Germany
Authors: Fauser Simon , Agola David 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of regional images of Italy on the purchase probability of wine. Instead of regarding country image as a homogeneous national construct, this article focuses on revealing regional differences in Italian country image and investigating whether they are related with purchase probability. Moreover, several scholars state, that the development of larger regional brands can improve consumer choice especially for the product wine. In the light of growing global competition from ‘New World’ wine countries and simultaneously decreasing competitivity of the main European wine-producing countries (including Italy), the possibility to actively shape the development of regional brands and thereby potentially strengthening the competitive advantage within the European Union and on a global level, seems to offer an adequate approach to maintain the leading role of Italian wine producers in European and international trade. Therefore, this study aims to test, whether using larger regions (and not specific wine regions) as origin information for wine is applicable and improving consumer choice. The empirical framework was tested on a random sample of consumers living in Germany and comprises (a) the description of image differences between Northern and Southern Italy, (b) measuring the influence of regional indication of origin on purchase probability, (c) determining the predictive value of image components for purchase probability, and (d) the investigation of moderation effects of country knowledge on the results. Data from 388 respondents were analysed using multiple linear regression and pairedttest. Results show significant image differences, which affects purchase probability. It is shown that the image of Southern Italy does not provide respondents with a suitable decision-making heuristic for buying wine. Furthermore, country knowledge negatively influences the predictive value of the measured regional image for purchase probability. As the predictive value of Southern Italian image does not contribute to the explanation of purchase probability, the present work corroborates the hypothesis of region-specific tendencies in the relationship between regional Italian image and consumer behaviour. Thus, this work provides a fundamental understanding of the regional composition of the Italian country image. It therefore serves practitioners as a decisional basis for the utilization of origin-related product information.
Observations by DEMETER of Man‐Made MF Waves Escaping From the Ionosphere
Authors: Parrot M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDEMETER was a low altitude satellite on a polar and circular orbit devoted to the study of ionospheric perturbations in relation with seismic activity. Its scientific payload with waves and plasma measurements also allows to study man‐made waves. The aim of this paper is to check the conditions of apparition of these man‐made waves in the MF range (300 kHz, 3 MHz). These waves normally propagate in the Earth‐ionosphere waveguide, but it is shown that they can escape above the ionosphere when there is a decrease in the electron density. This meanly occurs at the ionospheric troughs when they are close to inhabited areas, but also above the South Atlantic Anomaly and when the magnetic activity is high.