bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stable and scalable SERS tags conjugated with neutravidin for the detection of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in primary fibroblasts
Authors: Talamona Federica , Truffi Marta , Caldarone Alessandro Aldo , Ricciardi Alessandra , Corsi Fabio , Pellegrini Giovanni , Morasso Carlo , Taglietti Angelo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
SERS tags are a class of nanoparticles with great potential in advanced imaging experiments. The preparation of SERS tags however is complex, as they suffer from the high variability of the SERS signals observed even at the slightest sign of aggregation. Here, we developed a method for the preparation of SERS tags based on the use of gold nanostars conjugated with neutravidin. The SERS tags here obtained are extremely stable in all biological buffers commonly employed and can be prepared at a relatively large scale in very mild conditions. The obtained SERS tags have been used to monitor the expression of fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) on the membrane of primary fibroblasts obtained from patients affected by Crohn’s disease. The SERS tags allowed the unambiguous identification of FAP on the surface of cells thus suggesting the feasibility of semi-quantitative analysis of the target protein. Moreover, the use of the neutravidin–biotin system allows to apply the SERS tags for any other marker detection, for example, different cancer cell types, simply by changing the biotinylated antibody chosen in the analysis.
Flexible and highly responsive photodetectors based on heterostructures of MoS2 and all-carbon transistors
Authors: Li Li , Shang Yuanyuan , Lv Suye , Li Yunxing , Fang Ying , Li Hongbian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Heterostructures of graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are promising candidates for high-performance flexible photodetectors because of their high photoresponsivity and detectivity. However, the mechanical stability of current flexible photodetectors is limited, due to a mechanical mismatch between their two-dimensional channel materials and metallic contacts. Herein, we develop a type of mechanically stable, highly responsive, and flexible photodetector by integrating MoS2 and all-carbon transistors. By combining the high mobility of graphene with the strong light–matter interactions of MoS2, our heterostructure photodetector exhibits a greatly improved photoresponse performance, compared with individual graphene or MoS2 photodetectors. In addition, the mechanical properties of the all-carbon electrodes are a good match for those of the active two-dimensional channels, resulting in greatly improved electrical stability of the heterostructure photodetector under mechanical deformation. These capabilities make our heterostructure photodetector a promising candidate for flexible photodetection and photoimaging applications.
Neutron microtomography to investigate the bone-implant interface—comparison with histological analysis
Authors: Guillaume Florian , Le Cann Sophie , Tengattini Alessandro , Törnquist Elin , Falentin-Daudre Céline , Albini Lomami Hugues , Petit Yvan , Isaksson Hanna , Haïat Guillaume 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Bone properties and especially its microstructure around implants are crucial to evaluate the osseointegration of prostheses in orthopaedic, maxillofacial and dental surgeries. Given the intrinsic heterogeneous nature of the bone microstructure, an ideal probing tool to understand and quantify bone formation must be spatially resolved. X-ray imaging has often been employed, but is limited in the presence of metallic implants, where severe artifacts generally arise from the high attenuation of metals to x-rays. Neutron tomography has recently been proposed as a promising technique to study bone-implant interfaces, thanks to its lower interaction with metals. The aim of this study is to assess the potential of neutron tomography for the characterisation of bone tissue in the vicinity of a metallic implant. A standardised implant with a bone chamber was implanted in rabbit bone. Four specimens were imaged with neutron tomography and subsequently compared to non-decalcified histology to stain soft and mineralised bone tissues, used here as a ground-truth reference. An intensity-based image registration procedure was performed to place the 12 histological slices within the corresponding 3D neutron volume. Significant correlations (p < 0.01) were obtained between the two modalities for the bone-implant contact (BIC) ratio (R = 0.77) and the bone content inside the chamber (R = 0.89). The results indicate that mineralised bone tissue can be reliably detected by neutron tomography. However, the BIC ratio and bone content were found to be overestimated with neutron imaging, which may be explained by its sensitivity to non-mineralised soft tissues, as revealed by histological staining. This study highlights the suitability of neutron tomography for the analysis of the bone-implant interface. Future work will focus on further distinguishing soft tissues from bone tissue, which could be aided by the adoption of contrast agents.
Dirac equation from the extended uncertainty principle
Authors: Chemisana Daniel , Giné Jaume , Madrid Jaime 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The existence of a minimal momentum modifies the Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, which implies modifications of the Dirac equation. In this work, we study the influence of this minimal uncertainty in the particle’s momentum to deduce a generalized Dirac equation and solve its eigenvalue problem for a free particle and a particle within a gravitational field.
Probing oscillons of ultra-light axion-like particle by 21 cm forest
Authors: Kawasaki Masahiro , Nakano Wakutaka , Nakatsuka Hiromasa , Sonomoto Eisuke 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Ultra-Light Axion-like Particle (ULAP) is motivated as one
of the solutions to the small scale problems in astrophysics. When
such a scalar particle oscillates with an 𝒪(1) amplitude
in a potential shallower than quadratic, it can form a localized
dense object, oscillon. Because of its longevity due to the
approximate conservation of the adiabatic invariant, it can survive
up to the recent universe as redshift z ∼𝒪(10). The
scale affected by these oscillons is determined by the ULAP mass m
and detectable by observations of 21 cm line. In this paper, we
examine the possibility to detect ULAP by 21 cm line and find that
the oscillon can enhance the signals of 21 cm line observations when
m ≲ 10-19 eV and the fraction of ULAP to dark
matter is much larger than 10-2 depending on the form of the
potential.
Cross section measurements for (n,2n), (n,α), and (n,p) reactions on rhenium isotopes around 14 MeV neutrons and their theoretical calculations of excitation functions*
Authors: Zhou Fengqun , Song Yueli , Chang Xinyi , Li Yong , Yuan Shuqing , Ji Pengfei , Tian Mingli 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cross-section data of the 185Re(n,2n)184mRe, 185Re(n,2n)184gRe, 185Re(n,α)182m1+m2+gTa, 187Re(n, 2n)186g,(m)Re, 187Re(n,α)184Ta, and 187Re(n,p)187W reactions were measured at four neutron energies, namely 13.5, 14.1, 14.4, and 14.8 MeV, by means of the activation technique, relative to the reference cross-section values of the 93Nb(n,2n)92mNb reaction. The neutrons were generated from the T(d,n)4He reaction at the K-400 Neutron Generator at China Academy of Engineering Physics. The induced γ activities were measured using a high-resolution γ-ray spectrometer equipped with a coaxial high-purity germanium detector. The excitation functions of the six above-mentioned nuclear reactions at neutron energies from the threshold to 20 MeV were calculated by adopting the nuclear theoretical model program system Talys-1.9 with the relevant parameters properly adjusted. The measured cross sections were analyzed and compared with previous experiments conducted by other researchers, and with the evaluated data of BROND-3.1, ENDF/B-VIII.0, JEFF-3.3, and the theoretical values based on Talys-1.9. The new measured results agree with those of previous experiments and the theoretical excitation curve at the corresponding energies. The theoretical excitation curves based on Talys-1.9 generally match most of experimental data well.
Dimensional scaling of thin-film stimulation electrode systems in translational research
Authors: Schiavone Giuseppe , Vachicouras Nicolas , Vyza Yashwanth , Lacour Stéphanie P 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective. Electrical stimulation of biological tissue is an established technique in research and clinical practice that uses implanted electrodes to deliver electrical pulses for a variety of therapies. Significant research currently explores new electrode system technologies and stimulation protocols in preclinical models, aiming at both improving the electrode performance and confirming therapeutic efficacy. Assessing the scalability of newly proposed electrode technology and their use for tissue stimulation remains, however, an open question. Approach. We propose a simplified electrical model that formalizes the dimensional scaling of stimulation electrode systems. We use established equations describing the electrode impedance, and apply them to the case of stimulation electrodes driven by a voltage-capped pulse generator. Main results. We find a hard, intrinsic upward scalability limit to the electrode radius that largely depends on the conductor technology. We finally provide a simple analytical formula predicting the maximum size of a stimulation electrode as a function of the stimulation parameters and conductor resistance. Significance. Our results highlight the importance of careful geometrical and electrical designs of electrode systems based on novel thin-film technologies and that become particularly relevant for their translational implementation with electrode geometries approaching clinical human size electrodes and interfacing with voltage-capped neurostimulation systems.
Segmentation and Features Extraction of Malaysian Herbs Leaves
Authors: Halim Suhaila Abd , Hadi Normi Abdul , Lazim Nur Syafiqah Mat 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In modern medical practice, herbs play a very important role as the source of bio-technology. Therefore, providing a database containing information of these herbs is significant to assist the medicinal practitioners and users. Image recognition, a process that includes image segmentation, features extraction and classification, is one of the methods to develop the database for herbs. This paper focuses on image segmentation and features extraction of 125 images with 1616×1080 pixels of Malaysian Herb Leaves including Sirih, Mexican Mint, Rerama, Belalai Gajah and Senduduk. The images were first segmented using Sobel operator to get the boundary points. Then, 7 geometrical features and 7 textural features were extracted for each image including area, perimeter, major axis length, minor axis length, roundness, smoothness and flatness. The experimental results were obtained using MATLAB R2018a. The results show that Sobel can successfully segment the images and calculates the features of the herb leaves.
Identification of Phishing Urls Using Machine Learning
Authors: Vineeth Krishna C , Narayana Swamy C , Viji Amutha Mary A , Selvan Mercy Paul 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Phishing is a typical assault on unsuspecting individuals by making them to reveal their one-of-a-kind data utilizing fake sites. The target of phishing site URLs is to purloin the individual data like client name, passwords and web based financial exchanges. Phishers utilize the sites which are outwardly and semantically like those genuine sites. As innovation keeps on developing, phishing strategies began to advance quickly and this should be forestalled by utilizing against phishing systems to recognize phishing. AI is a useful asset used to endeavor against phishing assaults. We as a whole know bunches of assaults are happening continuously situation in light of phishing URLS. There is no programmed procedure has been set up so far Multiple assaults of phishing URLs has not yet coordinated. In the proposed framework finding the phishing assaults/URLs, the System will identify various phishing assaults in equal succession and caution the ordinary clients with respect to phishing URLs.
E-Voting System Using Homomorphic Encryption Technique
Authors: Sheela A.C. Santha , Franklin Ramya. G. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The main objective of this project is to develop a safe Electronic voting System Software using Fingerprint Authentication method. i.e., e-voting system. Initially, fingerprints are collected and stored in a large database which will be created by the admins. During the elections, a valid authentication can be done through finger vein sensing. This authentication system is highly reliable and will facilitate casting of votes by the voters. In many democratic countries, elections have become a huge matter of concern. An election is seen as a system that basically creates the formal structure of a nation. It is an opportunity to elect the right leader and contribute towards the development of the nation. In addition, security and authenticity of these elections have become a major concern for the authorities. Although we use advanced electronic voting machines, the problem of rigging often arises. This e-voting software provides solution to rigging and also facilitates high authenticity and reliability. Depending on the particular implementation, e-voting may use standalone electronic voting machines (also called EVM) or computers connected to the Internet. It may encompass a range of Internet services, from basic transmission of tabulated results to full-function online voting through common connectable household devices. The data collected from the election will directly be transferred to the nearest database centers on real time basis using Zigbee systems and applications of cryptography.
Prosthetic Hand Using Emg
Authors: Selvan Mercy Paul , Raj Rishi , Gowtham Sai R , Jancy S. , Mary Viji Amutha 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The prosthetic hand is a device used for the amputee to make them capable of doing daily life stuff. Losing upper limbs is not just a physical loss it also affects the way that person sees their life, they start feeling disabled all the time. This event grows and make them disabled mentally or by god if they can handle it even though people will remind them time to time about their disabilities which may lead to suicide or even worse. To join hand to hand and to makes more abled than disabled, we are introducing prosthetic hand at the cheapest price. It’s not that this event is the only device in the market but I could say this event is the cheapest one with these many qualities. It could not be very good looking but it could be better than a decent one. Disability does not differentiate by the salary of a person or capability of someone, so this should be affordable to most of them. In the west, we have some country who can make prosthetic at an affordable price but their money and employment are stronger than us. So, a project like this can make a difference. The concept partially fulfilled the goals and targets set at the outset of the project. The initiative originally had four primary goals. The first goal is to create a tool like a prosthetic hand that can help an amputee with hand loss accomplish simple everyday tasks. Because of all the EMG signal calculation of various hand movements performed on a person who does not lose his her hand the system can only partially accomplish this goal.
Stagnation Point Flow in Copper Nanofluid over Slippery Cylinder with Viscous Dissipation
Authors: Ghazali Nur Miza Syaheera , Aziz Ahmad Sukri Abd , Soid Siti Khuzaimah , Ilias Mohd Rijal , Ali Zaileha Md 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study investigates the heat transfer dissipation on stagnation point flow over a slippery stretching/shrinking cylinder in a copper nanofluid by considering the effect of viscous dissipation. A system of nonlinear partial differential equations is modelled and transformed into ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations. The governing equations with the corresponding boundary conditions are analysed numerically using a bvp4c solver in MATLAB. The solutions are found to be dependent on the Eckert number and slip parameters. The results are represented by the velocity and temperature profiles as well as the skin friction coefficient and the Nusselt number. Dual solutions are observed for the shrinking cylinder in the presence of Eckert number. Velocity profile and skin friction coefficient consistently increase while temperature profile increases initially and then decreases with the increase of slip parameter for both first and second solutions. Moreover, the presence of copper nanoparticles reduces the thermal boundary layer thickness. This research can be enhanced by using hybrid nanofluids to further improve the heat transfer.
MHD Boundary Layer Flow in Double Stratification Medium
Authors: Aznidar Ismail Nur Suhaida , Abd Aziz Ahmad Sukri , Ilias Mohd Rijal , Soid Siti Khuzaimah 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fluid flow over an exponentially permeable stretching sheet in a thermally and chemically stratified porous medium with heat source is investigated. The partial differential equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformation, which are then solved numerically with MAPLE software. The effect of the pertinent parameters on the flow, heat and mass transfer characteristics are examined graphically. The results indicated that the velocity profile decreases with increasing value of porosity, magnetic, and suction parameters. The temperature increases with porosity, magnetic and heat source parameters. The concentration profile increases with the increase in porosity and magnetic parameters. Thermal stratification reduces the temperature while chemical stratification reduces the concentration of the fluid.
Soret Effects of Mass Transfer and Radiation with Heat Source on MHD Oscillatory Viscoelastic Fluid in a Channel With Porous Medium
Authors: Lawanya T. , Vidhya M. , Govindarajan A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Soret and radiative heat transmission impacts are considered with an unstable stream, directing viscoelastic liquid past channel with permeable medium, non-uniform walls warmth inspected. The liquid has trivial electromagnetic strength created is lesser. The impact of the mass transfer, radiation and the magnetic field constraints for speed, temperature, mass diffusion profiles for values of viscoelastic constraints discussed.
Novel Fuzzy Assignment Problem Using Hexagonal Fuzzy Numbers
Authors: Thiruppathi A. , Kirubhashankar C. K. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a hexagonal fuzzy assignment problem employing a fuzzy new ranking technique is applied. This method requires less number of iterations to succeed in an optimality solution compared to the prevailing methods. Numerical examples show the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy hexagonal assignment problem.
Cover pebbling number of Comb, Friendship and Helm graphs
Authors: Prabha R. , Sandhiya B. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
For a connected graph G with a distribution of p pebbles on it, a pebbling move involves the removal of two pebbles from a vertex and an addition of one pebble to an adjacent vertex. The cover pebbling number γ(G) is the minimum number of pebbles required to place one pebble on each vertex of the graph G after a sequence of pebbling moves, regardless of the initial configuration of the pebbles. It is known that the problem of computing the cover pebbling number is NP-complete [7]. In this paper we compute the cover pebbling number of Comb, Friendship and Helm graphs.
Global Power domination of graphs
Authors: Prabha R , Thenmozhi B 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Monitoring an electric power system with a minimum number of PMUs is related to the domination problem in graph theory. In this paper, we introduce a new graph invariant called global power domination number. A power dominating set S of a graph G = (V, E) is a global power dominating set if S is also a power dominating set of

G
¯

. The global power domination number γgp
(G) is the minimum cardinality of a global power dominating set. In this paper, we initiate the study of global power domination problem and prove its NP-completeness. We also characterize the global power domination number for trees and compute the exact value of γgp
(G) for certain families of graph.
An Algorithmic Approach for Encryption using Graph Labeling
Authors: Amudha P. , Jayapriya J. , Gowri J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In the recent computerized world, cryptography plays an important role so as to transfer information safely between at least two substances. Cryptography consists of two parts, one is encryption of the message so that the cypher text will not reveal the original message to anyone. The other par is decryption at the receiver’s side which invers the encryption process and restore the original message. There are numerous encryption calculations exist we are in the position to find out some new non-usual encryption algorithms to secure the information. The suggested algorithmic approach speaks a new encryption technique to encode and decode the message very securely using graph labeling.
A study on distance k-domination in digraphs
Authors: Joeshi Annie Vetha V. , A. Anto Kinsley 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Let D = (V, A) be a finite and simple directed graph (digraph) with vertex set V and arc set A. For an integer k ≥ 1, the out k-neighborhood of a vertex ν is defined as

N
k
+

(
ν
)

=

{

u
∈

V
(
D
)
/

d
→

(
ν
,
u
)

≤

k

}

. A set S ⊆ V is said to be a distance k-dominating set in D if N+
k
(S) ∪ S = V. The minimum distance k-dominating set in D is the distance k-domination number,

γ

k
→

(
D
)

. For two integers s ≥ 2 and k, the (s, k) - kernal set and the (s, k) - kernal number,

ξ

k
→

(
D
)

are studied. This parameter

ξ

k
→

(
D
)

is also computed for different types of digraphs. Strong digraphs (SDs) are studied and

γ

k
→

(
D
)

of SDs are determined in terms of the radius and diameter of SDs. Also (2, k) - kernals of directed wounded spider are classified with

ξ

k
→

(
D
)

. Some upper and lower bounds on

γ

k
→

(
D
)

are determined and characterized some digraphs achieving these bounds.
Arc and twin arc domination in Cayley digraphs
Authors: Rajeswari R. , Anbunathan R. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Let G be a finite group and let S be a generating subset of G. The Cayley digraph Cay (G, S) is the digraph with node set as the elements of G and there is an arc from u to us whenever u ϵ G and s ϵ S. An arc e1 in a digraph D out arc dominates itself as well as all arcs ei. Such that {e1, ei} is a directed path of length 2 in D. While e1 in arc dominates both itself and all arcs ej such that {ei, e1} is a directed path of length 2 in D. The arc domination number is the minimum cardinality of an out arc dominating set of D denoted by γ′(D). A set of edges of D is twin arc dominating set if every edge of D is out arc dominated by some edge of S and in arc dominated by some edge of S. The minimum Cardinality of a twin arc dominating set is the twin arc domination number denoted by γ* (D) of D. This paper discusses the arc domination and twin arc domination of Cayley digraphs and attempts to find bounds for the arc domination number of the same class of graphs.
SSP-Structure of Closed Helm and Flower Snark Graph Families
Authors: Mary Jeya Jothi R , Revathi R , Angel D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A graph is SSP (Super Strongly Perfect) if all of its (induced) subgraph H in G obsesses a (minimal dominating set) MDS that link up all of its cliques (maximal) in H. In this paper, SSP Structure along with its parameters (counting of maximal cliques, cardinality of dominating set (Minimal) and colourability of closed Helm graph is analysed and also Flower snark graph families are investigated.