bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Release of endogenous chondroitin sulfate and heparin as consequence of dysregulated proteolysis in COVID-19
Authors: Ruggiero Marco 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the pathogen responsible for COVID-19, is associated with immune-mediated responses that lead to dysregulated activation of proteolytic enzymes; these contribute to damage to the endothelium, thrombosis, hypercoagulability, and other hematologic complications that include thrombotic thrombocytopenia, a complication of severe COVID-19 as well as a potentially fatal adverse effect of COVID-19 vaccination. Here, it is demonstrated that proteolysis of plasma proteins leads to sequential release of endogenous glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), first chondroitin sulfate (CS), followed by heparin (HP). The extension and degree of what is called "proteolytic storm" determines whether only one endogenous type of GAGs (CS), or both (CS and HP), are released. Sulfated GAGs such as CS and HP exert a protective role against SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, sustained and excessive release of endogenous HP may be responsible for thrombotic thrombocytopenia just as it happens in HP-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) a well-known side effect of HP administration that results in thromboembolisms in atypical sites, thrombocytopenia, and synthesis of autoantibodies directed against platelet factor 4 (PF4) that contribute to platelet aggregation. It is concluded that release of endogenous HP as consequence of dysregulated proteolysis occurring during COVID-19 or COVID-19 vaccination may play a fundamental role in the pathophysiology of the disease as well as in adverse reactions to vaccination.
Financial Burden and Health-seeking Behaviors Related to Chronic Diseases Under the National Health Insurance Scheme in Bolikhamxay Province, Lao PDR: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: ITO TOMOO , Kounnavong Sengchanh , Miyoshi Chiaki 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundFinancial protection is a key dimension of universal health coverage. In 2016, Lao PDR implemented a National Health Insurance system covering the entire population of certain provinces. This cross-sectional study investigated the health-seeking behavior and financial burden of households, including those with chronic patients, post coverage. MethodThe study was conducted in Bolikhamxay province from January 15 to February 13, 2019. In total, 487 households, selected via stratified random sampling, were surveyed, and questionnaire-based interviews were conducted. Health care service utilization and financial burden were examined.ResultsA total of 370 households had at least one member with some type of self-reported health problem within the last 3 months prior to the interview, while 170 had at least one member with a chronic condition. More than 75% of the households accessed a health facility when a member experienced health problems. The prevalence of catastrophic health expenditure (health expenditure/income between 20% and 40%) was 25.1% (threshold of 20%) and 16.2% (threshold of 40%). Through logistic regression, we found that the major factors determining financial catastrophes owing to health problems were household members with chronic illness, hospitalization, household poverty status, family size (both 20% and 40% thresholds), visiting a private facility (20% threshold), and distance from the province to the referral hospital (40% threshold).ConclusionsThe National Health Insurance system has positively impacted households’ access to health facilities. However, catastrophic health expenditure remains high, especially among chronic patients. Facilities under the National Health Insurance should be strengthened to provide more services, including care for chronic conditions.
Abruptly attenuated carbon sequestration with Weddell Sea dense waters towards the end of the 21st century
Authors: Nissen Cara , Timmermann Ralph , Hoppema Mario , Hauck Judith 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Antarctic Bottom Water formation, such as in the Weddell Sea, is an efficient vector for carbon sequestration on time scales of centuries. Possible changes in carbon sequestration under changing environmental conditions are unquantified to date, mainly due to difficulties in simulating the relevant processes on high-latitude continental shelves. Using a model setup including both ice-shelf cavities and oceanic carbon cycling, we demonstrate that by 2100, deep-ocean carbon accumulation in the southern Weddell Sea is abruptly attenuated to only 40% of the rate in the 1990s in a high-emission scenario, while still being 4-fold higher in the 2080s. Assessing deep-ocean carbon budgets and water mass transformations, we attribute this decline to an increased presence of Warm Deep Water on the southern Weddell Sea continental shelf, a 16% reduction in sea-ice formation, and a 79% increase in ice-shelf basal melt. Altogether, these changes lower the density and volume of newly formed bottom waters and reduce the associated carbon transport to the abyss.
METTL3 Depletion Contributes to HR+/HER2- Breast Cancer Progression and Drug Resistance via m6A Modification of Constituents of the CDKN1A/EMT and BAX/caspase-9/-3/-8 Signalling Pathways
Authors: Ouyang Dengjie , Hong Tao , Fu Mengdie , Li Yitong , Zeng Liyun , Chen Qitong , He Hongye , Wen Ying , Cheng Yan , Zhou Meirong , Zou Qiongyan , Yi Wen-jun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy is an important strategy for the treatment of hormone receptor positive / human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer (BC), but this subtype has a low response to chemotherapy. Growing evidence indicates that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common RNA modification in eukaryotic cells and that methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) participates in tumour progression in several cancer types. Therefore, exploring the function of METTL3 in HR+HER2- BC initiation and development is still significant.Methods: mRNA and protein expression levels were analysed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting, respectively. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assays, cell migration was analysed by wound healing assays, and apoptosis was analysed by TUNEL assays. Finally, m6A modification was analysed by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP).Results: Chemotherapy-induced downregulation of the m6A modification is regulated by METTL3 in HR+/HER2- BC. METTL3 knockdown in MCF-7/T47D cells weakened the drug sensitivity of HR+/HER2- BC cells by promoting tumour proliferation and metastasis and inhibiting apoptosis. Mechanistically, CDKN1A was subsequently recognized as a downstream target of METTL3 that activates the AKT pathway and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT). Moreover, the RNA level of BAX was decreased due to a lower level of m6A modification mediated by METTL3, and apoptosis was inhibited by inactivation of caspase 3/9/8.Conclusion: METTL3 regulates the proliferation, migration, and drug sensitivity of HR+/HER2- BC via activation of the CDKN1A/EMT and m6A-BAX/caspase 9/3/8 signalling pathways, which suggests its role as a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with HR+/HER2- BC.
Methylene blue removal using prepared activated carbon from grape wood wastes: adsorption process analysis and modeling
Authors: Mousavi Seyyed Alireza , Shahbazi Davood , Mahmoudi Arezoo , Darvishi Parastoo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAn adsorption study has been conducted for activated carbon obtained from grape wood wastes to assess their capability to remove methylene blue (MB) from the aqueous solutions. The properties of prepared activated carbon were characterized using FTIR, BET and SEM analyses. The effects of independent variables such as initial concentration of MB (100–500 mg L−1), initial pH of solution (3–11), adsorbent dosage (0.25–12.25 g L−1) and contact time (10–90 min) on the MB adsorption have been optimized using response surface methodology. The highest MB removal efficiency was 98% when pH, MB and adsorbent dosage were 11, 100 mg L−1 and 12.25 g L−1, respectively. The experimental data have been tested using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, and the achieved data were fully fitted with the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.99), which indicates the monolayer adsorption. The adsorption kinetics were followed by the pseudo-second-order model with R2 of 0.99. This prepared activated carbon as a low-cost and eco-friendly adsorbent can be used widely for water and wastewater treatment.
¿Es la interpretación el punto de encuentro entre teatro, canto y danza?
Authors: Belieres Patricia , Cancela Alejandro 
Published: December 2021

participamos del Intercambio Latinoamericano de Teatro Ritual en la Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), en la cálida ciudad de Natal, Brasil. Fuimos invitados por el Dr. Robson Haderchpek gracias a un encuentro causal en la fría Viena en febrero de 2015. Reinhard Flatischler, el creador del método TaKeTina, dictaba un interesante seminario en la Universidad de Música y Arte Dramático de Viena. Patricia observó un cuerpo danzar de manera particular y pensó: “Este muchacho no es europeo”. Dicho y hecho: al finalizar la última clase, se dio el encuentro entre Argentina y Brasil. El muchacho danzante resultó ser Robson y sin mediar palabras, se fundieron en un abrazo latinoamericano. Mientras todos preparaban sus cosas para retirarse, se generó un vínculo por las coincidencias en las líneas de trabajo - basadas en los cuatro elementos - que cada uno realizaba en su país: intercambiaron música del Brasil y el libro “El cantante popular y la interpretación”.
Sleep Markers in Psychiatry: Do Insomnia and Disturbed Sleep Play as Markers of Disrupted Neuroplasticity in Mood Disorders? A Proposed
Model
Authors: Palagini Laura , Geoffroy Pierre Alexis , Riemann Dieter 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Since insomnia and disturbed sleep may affect neuroplasticity,
we aimed at reviewing their potential role as markers of disrupted neuroplasticity involved
in mood disorders.

Method:
We performed a systematic review, according to PRIMA, on PubMed, PsycINFO
and Embase electronic databases for literature regarding mood disorders, insomnia,
sleep loss/deprivation in relation to different pathways involved in the impairment of neuroplasticity
in mood disorders such as (1) alterations in neurodevelopment (2) activation
of the stress system (3) neuroinflammation (4) neurodegeneration/neuroprogression, (5)
deficit in neuroprotection.

Results:
Sixty-five articles were analyzed and a narrative/ theoretical review was conducted.
Studies showed that insomnia, sleep loss and sleep deprivation might impair
brain plasticity of those areas involved in mood regulation throughout different pathways.
Insomnia and disrupted sleep may act as neurobiological stressors by over-activating
the stress and inflammatory systems, which may affect neural plasticity causing neuronal
damage. In addition, disturbed sleep may favor a deficit in neuroprotection hence
contributing to impaired neuroplasticity.

Conclusions:
Insomnia and disturbed sleep may play a role as markers of alteration in
brain plasticity in mood disorders. Assessing and targeting insomnia in the clinical practice
may potentially play a neuroprotective role, contributing to “repairing” alterations in
neuroplasticity or to the functional recovery of those areas involved in mood and emotion
regulation.
Complications in Patients with Cardiac Penetrating Trauma
Authors: Ahmadinejad Mojtaba , Ahmadinejad Izadmehr , Maghsoudi Leila Haji , Soltanian Ali , Safari Mehdi 
Published: December 2021

Background:Cardiac penetrating trauma is a medical emergency that mostly affects young people. Based on the type of injury and associated complications, it can present as a surgical challenge and can lead to mortality.Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate the complications of penetrating heart trauma among patients referred to Shahid Madani Hospital.Methods:In this retrospective descriptive study, the data of penetrating cardiac trauma patients referred to Shahid Madani hospital, Karaj, Tehran, from 2016-2019, were investigated. Information, including age, sex, cause of trauma, traumatized area and complications, was extracted and recorded in a data collection form. The data were evaluated statistically using SPSS v18.Results:A total of 44 patients were included in the study, where the mean age of the patients was 25 years. 73.3% of these patients were men and 26.7% were women. Knife stab wounds were the most prevalent cause of the trauma, present in 93.3% of patients. 73.3% of the patients had cardiac tamponade and 20% had a pneumothorax. The right ventricle was the most common site of the injury in 46.7% of the patients. A mortality rate of 3.4% was reported in this study.Conclusion:The results of this study showed that the highest penetrating heart rate trauma occurred among young people, and the most common cause of the trauma was a knife stab. The most common area of the injury was the right ventricular, and cardiac tamponade was the most common complication.
Validation of a Booklet on the Use of BI-RADS® in Mammography Examination
Authors: Nunes Maria Ivanete , Campo Silvia Amélia Prado Burgos Madeira , Santos Junio Luiz Ayrton , Lago Eliana Campêlo , Almeid Camila Aparecida Pinheiro Landim , Ribeiro Ivonizete Pires 
Published: December 2021

Background:

The

Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System

(BI-RADS

®

) is an international classification developed to systematize breast assessment, exam interpretation, and the preparation of reports of specific breast imaging exams.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to validate with experts a booklet directed to medical and nursing professionals in the Family Health Strategy on the categorization of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System in order to describe the reports of mammography.

Methods:
This was a technology-validation study of the methodological-development type. The evaluation was performed with 11 experts, including seven radiologists and four mastologists, four men and seven women, with a mean age of 45 years, meantime of being in the profession of 22 years, and an average 15 years of working experience of in the field.

Results:
The individual, mean, and global Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated. The booklet was validated with a CVI of 0.89. The suggestions of the experts were analyzed, and some of them were implemented for the final version of the booklet.

Conclusion:
The booklet was validated and will contribute significantly to the daily activities of medical and nursing professionals in the Family Health Strategy in relation to the interpretation of the mammographic report and the orientation regarding the referral, agility, and qualification of the patient to the specialized service.
Does Sexual and Emotional Behavior Differ Between Sexual Partners That Do Not Disclose HIV Status?
Authors: de Oliveira Layze Braz , Queiroz Artur Acelino Francisco Luz Nunes , da Silva Oliveira Adélia Dalva , Magalhães Sales Isabela Maria , de Oliveira sena Inara Viviane , dos Santos Jaqueline , de Araújo Telma Maria Evangelista , Mondlane Jose , Reis Renata Karina 
Published: December 2021

Objective:
The objective of the study was to analyze whether the disclosure of HIV serological status among sexual partners is associated with differences in sexual affective behavior.

Methods:
Cross-sectional study was carried out with 173 participants in a specialized assistance service on the treatment of people with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Data were collected through interviews.

Results:
Our results show that from the participants who did not disclose their HIV status and who were sexually active, most had multiple sexual partners (44.6%), used combined methods of prevention (75.4%), had casual partners (63.0%), used condoms (66.2%), and had sexual intercourse while under the influence of alcohol (56.9%). The variables i.e., number of partners (p = 0.010) and type of relationship (p <0.001) showed statistical differences.

Conclusion:
Sexual affective behavior variables influenced the decision about disclosing HIV seropositivity to sexual partners that establish different forms of sexual partnerships.
Defining the Enablers and Barriers to the Implementation of Large-scale, Health Care–Related Mobile Technology: Qualitative Case Study in a Tertiary Hospital Setting
Authors: Aggarwal Ravi , Visram Sheena , Martin Guy , Sounderajah Viknesh , Gautama Sanjay , Jarrold Kevin , Klaber Robert , Maxwell Shona , Neal John , Pegg Jack , Redhead Julian , King Dominic , Ashrafian Hutan , Darzi Ara 
Published: December 2021

Background
The successful implementation of clinical smartphone apps in hospital settings requires close collaboration with industry partners. A large-scale, hospital-wide implementation of a clinical mobile app for health care professionals developed in partnership with Google Health and academic partners was deployed on a bring-your-own-device basis using mobile device management at our UK academic hospital. As this was the first large-scale implementation of this type of innovation in the UK health system, important insights and lessons learned from the deployment may be useful to other organizations considering implementing similar technology in partnership with commercial companies.

Objective
The aims of this study are to define the key enablers and barriers and to propose a road map for the implementation of a hospital-wide clinical mobile app developed in collaboration with an industry partner as a data processor and an academic partner for independent evaluation.

Methods
Semistructured interviews were conducted with high-level stakeholders from industry, academia, and health care providers who had instrumental roles in the implementation of the app at our hospital. The interviews explored the participants’ views on the enablers and barriers to the implementation process. The interviews were analyzed using a broadly deductive approach to thematic analysis.

Results
In total, 14 participants were interviewed. Key enablers identified were the establishment of a steering committee with high-level clinical involvement, well-defined roles and responsibilities between partners, effective communication strategies with end users, safe information governance precautions, and increased patient engagement and transparency. Barriers identified were the lack of dedicated resources for mobile change at our hospital, risk aversion, unclear strategy and regulation, and the implications of bring-your-own-device and mobile device management policies. The key lessons learned from the deployment process were highlighted, and a road map for the implementation of large-scale clinical mobile apps in hospital settings was proposed.

Conclusions
Despite partnering with one of the world’s biggest technology companies, the cultural and technological change required for mobile working and implementation in health care was found to be a significant challenge. With an increasing requirement for health care organizations to partner with industry for advanced mobile technologies, the lessons learned from our implementation can influence how other health care organizations undertake a similar mobile change and improve the chances of successful widespread mobile transformation.
An Innovative App (ExoDont) for Postoperative Care of Patients After Tooth Extraction: Prototype Development and Testing Study
Authors: Krishna Meenakshi , Sybil Deborah , Shrivastava Priyanshu Kumar , Premchandani Shubhangi , Kumar Himanshu , Kumar Pintu 
Published: December 2021

Background
The postoperative period is crucial for the initiation of healing and prevention of complications after any surgical procedure. Due to factors such as poor compliance, comprehension, and retention of instructions, and other unaccounted factors, the objectives of postoperative care are not always achieved. Therefore, an Android-based mobile health app (ExoDont) was developed to ensure a smooth postoperative period for patients after a dental extraction. The ExoDont app delivers reminders for postoperative instructions and drug intake at defined intervals, thus fostering self-reliance among patients in taking their prescribed dose of medication.

Objective
The aim of this study is to design, develop, and validate ExoDont, an innovative app for improved adherence to postoperative instructions after tooth extraction.

Methods
A postoperative treatment protocol was developed by a team of oral and maxillofacial surgeons and general dentists, following which the clinical and technological requirements of the app were determined along with the software engineers, graphic designers, and applications architect in the team. ExoDont was developed to provide timely reminders for medication and postoperative care. The app was field tested and validated using the User Version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale.

Results
The ExoDont software design was divided into a 3-level architecture comprising a user interface application, logical layer, and database layer. The software architecture consists of an Android-based ExoDont app for patients and a web version of the admin panel. The testing and validation of the ExoDont app revealed that Perceived Impact received the highest mean score of all rated components (mean 4.6, SD 0.5), while Engagement received the lowest mean score (mean 3.5, SD 0.8).

Conclusions
The testing and validation of the app support its usability and functionality, as well as its impact on users. The ExoDont app has been designed, keeping the welfare of patients in view, in a user-friendly manner that will help patients adhere to the prescribed drug regimen and ensure easy and efficient dissemination of postoperative instructions. It could play an instrumental role in fostering compliance among patients and significantly decrease the complication rate following dental extractions.