bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual reality vs. Kalinox® for management of pain in intensive care unit after cardiac surgery: a randomized study
Authors: Laghlam Driss , Naudin Cecile , Coroyer Lucas , Aidan Vincent , Malvy Julien , Rahoual Ghilas , Estagnasié Philippe , Squara Pierre 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe management of pain and anxiety remains a challenge in the intensive care unit. By distracting patients, virtual reality (VR) may have a role in painful procedures. We compared VR vs. an inhaled equimolar mixture of N2O and O2(Kalinox®) for pain and anxiety management during the removal of chest drains after cardiac surgery.MethodsProspective, non-inferiority, open-label study. Patients were randomized, for Kalinox® or VR session during drain removal. The analgesia/nociception index (ANI) was monitored during the procedure for objective assessment of pain and anxiety. The primary endpoint was the ΔANI (ANImin − ANI0) during the procedure, based on ANIm (average on 4 min). We prespecified VR as non-inferior to Kalinox® with a margin of 3 points. Self-reported pain and anxiety were also analysed using numeric rate scale (NRS).Results200 patients were included, 99 in the VR group and 101 in the Kalinox® group; 90 patients were analysed in both groups in per-protocol analysis. The median age was 68.0 years [60.0–74.8]. The ΔANI was − 15.1 ± 12.9 in the Kalinox® group and − 15.7 ± 11.6 in the VR group (NS). The mean difference was, therefore, − 0.6 [− 3.6 to 2.4], including the non-inferiority margin of 3. Patients in the VR group had a significantly higher pain NRS scale immediately after the drain removal, 5.0 [3.0–7.0] vs. 3.0 [2.0–6.0],p = 0.009, but no difference 10 min after. NRS of anxiety did not differ between the two groups.ConclusionBased on the ANI, the current study showed that VR did not reach the statistical requirements for a proven non-inferiority vs. Kalinox® in managing pain and anxiety during chest drain removal. Moreover, VR was less effective based on NRS. More studies are needed to determine if VR might have a place in the overall approach to pain and anxiety in intensive care units.Trial registrationNCT, NCT03956264. Registered 20 May 2019,https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03956264
Prevalence and associated factors of dyslipidaemia among university workers in Southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Okafor Adaobi M. , Ngwu Elizabeth K. , Ayogu Rufina N.B. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe job one does for a living may increase ones propensity to cardiovascular diseases due to many associated risk factors. University staff may be at high risk of dyslipidaemia, a major cardiovascular disease risk factor. This study assessed prevalence of dyslipidaemia and its associated factors among the staff of University of Nigeria, Nsukka campus, Nigeria.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 386 workers selected through a 4-stage sampling technique was conducted. Data were obtained through questionnaire and lipid profile determination. Bivariate analysis using Cochran and Mantel-Haenszel test was used to determine associations between dyslipidaemia and selected variables. Odds ratios and significance atp < 0.05 were reported.ResultsRespondents who were 46 years and above accounted for 51.3 % while 95.3 % had tertiary education. Administrative/technical staff were 76.4 % while academic staff were only 23.6 %; 73.8 % were senior staff and 26.2 % were junior staff. More than half (60.4 %) consumed alcohol above recommendation. Lipid biomarkers of the workers were not sex dependent (p > 0.05). Few (23.4 and 6.5 %) of the respondents had borderline high and high total cholesterol values, respectively. Whereas none (0.0 %) had low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), borderline low values were observed among 1.3 %. High low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) affected 1.3 %. Triglyceride was high among 3.9 %; 20.8 % had high atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and 2.6 % had impaired fasting blood glucose (IFBG). Dyslipidaemia had a prevalence of 54.5 % with female dominance. Hypercholesterolemia with high LDL-c was the commonest combined dyslipidaemia observed (7.8 %). Dyslipidaemia was dependent on hypercholesterolemia (OR = 0.352, 95 % C.I.=0.245–0.505), high LDL-c (OR = 0.462, 95 % C.I.=0.355-0.600) and hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 0.462, 95 % C.I.=0.355-0.600). Alcohol intake above normal was associated with almost 6 times higher risk of dyslipidaemia (OR = 5.625, 95 % C.I.=1.062–29.799).ConclusionsDyslipidaemia is a problem among the workers with hypercholesterolemia in combination with high LDL-c and hypertriglyceridemia compounding the problem. Nutrition education and physical activity are advocated to prevent cardiovascular events among the university staff.
Combination of cell signaling molecules can facilitate MYOD1-mediated myogenic transdifferentiation of pig fibroblasts
Authors: Jeong Jinsol , Choi Kwang-Hwan , Kim Seung-Hun , Lee Dong-Kyung , Oh Jong-Nam , Lee Mingyun , Choe Gyung Cheol , Lee Chang-Kyu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Myogenic transdifferentiation can be accomplished through ectopic MYOD1 expression, which is facilitated by various signaling pathways associated with myogenesis. In this study, we attempted to transdifferentiate pig embryonic fibroblasts (PEFs) myogenically into skeletal muscle through overexpression of the pig MYOD1 gene and modulation of the FGF, TGF-β, WNT, and cAMP signaling pathways.

Results
The MYOD1 overexpression vector was constructed based on comparative sequence analysis, demonstrating that pig MYOD1 has evolutionarily conserved domains across various species. Although forced MYOD1 expression through these vectors triggered the expression of endogenous muscle markers, transdifferentiated muscle cells from fibroblasts were not observed. Therefore, various signaling molecules, including FGF2, SB431542, CHIR99021, and forskolin, along with MYOD1 overexpression were applied to enhance the myogenic reprogramming. The modified conditions led to the derivation of myotubes and activation of muscle markers in PEFs, as determined by qPCR and immunostaining. Notably, a sarcomere-like structure was observed, indicating that terminally differentiated skeletal muscle could be obtained from transdifferentiated cells.

Conclusions
In summary, we established a protocol for reprogramming MYOD1-overexpressing PEFs into the mature skeletal muscle using signaling molecules. Our myogenic reprogramming can be used as a cell source for muscle disease models in regenerative medicine and the production of cultured meat in cellular agriculture.
Successful salvage therapy for refractory primary cutaneous gamma-delta T-cell lymphoma with a combination of brentuximab vedotin and gemcitabine
Authors: Voruz Sophie , de Leval Laurence , Cairoli Anne 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPrimary cutaneous gamma-delta T-cell lymphoma (PCGD-TCL) is a very rare lymphoma with an aggressive clinical course and a dismal outcome. The prognosis is linked to a pronounced resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. No standard treatment approach is defined due to the low frequency of the disease and lack of prospective studies. CD30 is expressed in almost half of the cases of PCGD-TCL, which offers a potential therapeutic option. We report the successful treatment of a 68-year-old man who suffered PCGD-TCL with a combination of Brentuximab Vedotin and Gemcitabine after the failure of two lines of previous chemotherapy. CD30 expression was only partial. The treatment was very well tolerated and allowed the patient to benefit from allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Spatial structure in migration routes maintained despite regional convergence among eastern populations of Swainson’s Thrushes
Authors: Bégin-Marchand Camille , Desrochers André , Taylor Philip D. , Tremblay Junior A. , Berrigan Lucas , Frei Barbara , Morales Ana , Mitchell Greg W. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Migratory connectivity links the different populations across the full cycle and across the species range and may lead to differences in survival among populations. Studies on spatial and temporal migratory connectivity along migration routes are rare, especially for small migratory animals.

Methods
We used an automated radio-telemetry array to assess migratory connectivity en route and between early and later stages of the fall migration of the eastern populations of Swainson’s Thrush, and to assess the variation of migration pace between consecutive detection from the different receiving stations along the migratory journey. We tracked 241 individuals from across eastern Canada to determine if populations were mixing around the Gulf of Mexico. We also tested the influence of tagging longitude, latitude and age on migration pace.

Results
Migration routes varied and converged towards the northeast coast of the Gulf of Mexico, but in this region, populations maintained finer-scale spatial structure. Migration pace increased as birds progressed south, independent of age and tagging site.

Conclusions
We showed that for songbirds, migratory connectivity can be maintained at fine spatial scales despite the regional convergence of populations, highlighting the importance of detailed spatial tracking for identification of population specific migration routes. Overall, our study provides a portrait of migratory movements of eastern Swainson’s Thrush and a framework for understanding spatial structure in migration routes for other species.
A Guarneri violin in the attic: the power of dendrochronology for analysing musical instruments
Authors: Bernabei Mauro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Dendrochronology is the science that dates wooden artefacts by measuring annual growth rings visible in the wood. And, in the case of musical instruments, the method is non-invasive. In addition, dendrochronology can also help to identify the wood’s provenance and to supply information on how the soundboard was made, giving details of ring width and regularity. This study also demonstrates the effectiveness of dendrochronology in attributing a musical instrument to an important luthier. It deals with a privately owned violin, whose date and origin had previously remained uncertain, despite various attempts to authenticate, at least, its technical and stylistic characteristics. The outermost tree-ring of the instrument’s soundboard was dendrochronologically dated to the year 1696 and attributed, with certainty, to the Italian luthier Giuseppe Guarneri filius Andreae, father of the famous Bartolomeo Giuseppe Guarneri "del Gesù". Thanks to dendrochronology, in this way, a twin of an already existing violin has been identified that was made by the same luthier. Both violins are identical in construction, having the same veining and dimensions, and the wood from the same tree was used in all parts, including the soundboard. Dendrochronology has, thus, been proven to be an extremely useful method, which has transformed a violin of uncertain value into a museum piece.
Towards a folksonomy graph-based context-aware recommender system of annotated books
Authors: Qassimi Sara , Abdelwahed El Hassan , Hafidi Meriem , Qazdar Aimad 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe emergence of collaborative interactions has empowered users by enabling their interactions through tagging practices that create a folksonomy, also called, classification of the shared resources, any identifiable thing or item on the system. In education, tagging is considered a powerful meta-cognitive strategy that successfully engages learners in the learning process. Besides, the collaborative tagging gathers learners’ opinions, thus, provides more comprehensible recommendations. Still, the abundant shared contents are mostly unorganized which makes it hard for users to select and discover the appropriate items of their interests. Thus, the use of recommender systems overcomes the distressing search problem by assisting users in their searching and exploring experience, and suggesting relevant items matching their preferences. In this regard, this article presents a folksonomy graphs based context-aware recommender system (CARS) of annotated books. The generated graphs express the semantic relatedness between these resources, i.e. books, by effectively modeling the folksonomy relationship between user-resource-tag and integrating contextual information within a multi-layer graph referring to a Knowledge Graph (KG). To put our proposal into shape, we model a real-world application of Goodbooks-10k dataset to recommend books. The proposed approach incorporates spectral clustering to deal with the graph partitioning problem. The experimental evaluation shows relevant performance results of graph-based book recommendations.
Statistical study of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances in low-latitude ionosphere using an automatic algorithm
Authors: Cheng Pin-Hsuan , Lin Charles , Otsuka Yuichi , Liu Hanli , Rajesh Panthalingal Krishanunni , Chen Chia-Hung , Lin Jia-Ting , Chang M. T. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) statistically at the low-latitude equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) region in the northern hemisphere. We apply the automatic detection algorithm including the three-dimensional fast Fourier transform (3-D FFT) and support vector machine (SVM) on total electron content (TEC) observations, derived from a network of ground-based global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers in Taiwan (14.5° N geomagnetic latitude; 32.5° inclination), to identify MSTID from other waves or irregularity features. The obtained results are analyzed statistically to examine the behavior of low-latitude MSTIDs. Statistical results indicate the following characteristics. First, the southward (equatorward) MSTIDs are observed almost every day during 0800–2100 LT in Spring and Winter. At midnight, southward MSTIDs are more discernible in Summer and majority of them are propagating from Japan to Taiwan. Second, northward (poleward) MSTIDs are more frequently detected during 1200–2100 LT in Spring and Summer with the secondary peak of occurrence between day of year (DOY) 100–140 during 0000–0300 LT. The characteristics of the MSTIDs are interpreted with additional observations from radio occultation (RO) soundings of FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC as well as modeled atmospheric waves from the high-resolution Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) suggesting that the nighttime MSTIDs in Summer is likely connected to the atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs).
Transperineal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer on the residual rectum after multiple abdominal surgeries in a patient with Crohn’s disease: a case report
Authors: Emoto Shin , Homma Shigenori , Yoshida Tadashi , Ichikawa Nobuki , Miyaoka Yoichi , Matsui Hiroki , Takahashi Ryo , Ishido Keita , Otsuka Takuya , Mitsuhashi Tomoko , Katsurada Takehiko , Taketomi Akinobu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
The improved prognosis of Crohn’s disease may increase the opportunities of surgical treatment for patients with Crohn’s disease and the risk of development of colorectal cancer. We herein describe a patient with Crohn’s disease and a history of multiple surgeries who developed rectal stump carcinoma that was treated laparoscopically and transperineally.

Case presentation
A 51-year-old man had been diagnosed with Crohn’s disease 35 years earlier and had undergone several operations for treatment of Crohn’s colitis. Colonoscopic examination was performed and revealed rectal cancer at the residual rectum. The patient was then referred to our department. The tumor was diagnosed as clinical T2N0M0, Stage I. We treated the tumor by combination of laparoscopic surgery and concomitant transperineal resection of the rectum. While the intra-abdominal adhesion was dissected laparoscopically, rectal dissection in the correct plane progressed by the transperineal approach. The rectal cancer was resected without involvement of the resection margin. The duration of the operation was 3 h 48 min, the blood loss volume was 50 mL, and no intraoperative complications occurred. The pathological diagnosis of the tumor was type 5 well- and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, pT2N0, Stage I. No recurrence was evident 3 months after the operation, and no adjuvant chemotherapy was performed.

Conclusion
The transperineal approach might be useful in patients with Crohn’s disease who develop rectal cancer after multiple abdominal surgeries.
Enabling culturally safe sexual health services in western Sydney: a protocol to improve STI treatment outcomes for Aboriginal young people
Authors: Ubrihien Ashley , Gwynne Kylie , Lewis David A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Aboriginal people face challenges on several fronts when it comes to the health and wellbeing of their community, compared to the rest of the Australian population. This is no different in urban areas such as Australia’s largest urban Aboriginal community located in Blacktown, NSW, where sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain an issue of concern. Across Australia, rates of infectious syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hepatitis C infection have increased by 400, 260, and 15% respectively while gonorrhoea decreased 12% in the 5-year period from 2013 to 2017. This study explores how to address the barriers that prevent young Aboriginal people under 30 years of age from accessing STI treatment through Government Sexual Health Services.

Methods
This qualitative study will use purposeful sampling to recruit 20 male and 20 female health consumers, 10 Aboriginal elders and 10 sexual health clinicians. This recruitment will be undertaken with the assistance of the local Government Health Services and local Aboriginal organisations. One-on-one semi-structured interviews will be undertaken by someone of the same gender in order to address cultural preferences. Data will be entered into NVivo and thematically analysed.

Discussion
This study will seek to add to the literature that explores why young Aboriginal people do not access sexual health services. This study seeks to understand the experience of clinicians, Aboriginal elders and Aboriginal young people to provide practical policy and clinical redesign evidence that can be used to improve the experience and cultural safety of sexual health services in urban areas of Australia. The results of the qualitative research will be disseminated with the assistance of participating local Aboriginal organisations, and the findings will be published through peer-reviewed scientific journals and conference presentations.

Trial registration
The study is approved by the Western Sydney Local Health District Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC/16/WMEAD/449) and the New South Wales Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council’s Human Research Ethics Committee (1220/16).
The formation of a hatching line in the serosal cuticle confers multifaceted adaptive functions on the eggshell of a cicada
Authors: Moriyama Minoru , Yasuyama Kouji , Numata Hideharu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractInsect eggshells must meet various demands of developing embryos. These demands sometimes conflict with each other; therefore, there are tradeoffs between eggshell properties, such as robustness and permeability. To meet these conflicting demands, particular eggshell structures have evolved in diverse insect species. Here, we report a rare eggshell structure found in the eggshell of a cicada,Cryptotympana facialis. This species has a prolonged egg period with embryonic diapause and a trait of humidity-inducible hatching, which would impose severe demands on the eggshell. We found that in eggs of this species, unlike many other insect eggs, a dedicated cleavage site, known as a hatching line, was formed not in the chorion but in the serosal cuticle. The hatching line was composed of a fine furrow accompanied by ridges on both sides. This furrow-ridge structure formed in the terminal phase of embryogenesis through the partial degradation of an initially thick and nearly flat cuticle layer. We showed that the permeability of the eggshell was low in the diapause stage, when the cuticle was thick, and increased with degradation of the serosal cuticle. We also demonstrated that the force required to cleave the eggshell was reduced after the formation of the hatching line. These results suggest that the establishment of the hatching line on the serosal cuticle enables flexible modification of eggshell properties during embryogenesis, and we predict that it is an adaptation to maximize the protective role of the shell during the long egg period while reducing the barrier to emerging nymphs at the time of hatching.
Basel III FRTB: data pooling innovation to lower capital charges
Authors: Huang Jimmy Yicheng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Anticipated to overhaul the structure of market risk teams, IT teams, and trading desks within banks by 2023, Basel III's Fundamental Review of the Trading Book requirements will also increase capital charges banks will incur globally. The case study focuses on describing what is needed with regards to the risk factor eligibility test (RFET) as well as for implementing a data pool to lower capital charges. By establishing a consortium of banks per region to implement a data pooling solution, participants can prove a wider breadth of modellable risk factors per asset class and use the Internal Models Approach (IMA) of valuing risk to lower capital charge requirements significantly.

Case description
First, a description on the historical context surrounding the Fundamental Review of the Trading Book rules and the business requirements needed to comply with the risk factor eligibility test is made. Then an examination is conducted on the innovative data pooling initiative implemented by CanDeal, TickSmith Corp., and the 6 largest Canadian banks to lower capital charge requirements under the Fundamental Review of the Trading Book.

Discussion and evaluation
A description is made on what types of data, expertise, and technology is needed to calculate for risk factor modellability. It is up to each firm to decide if the benefits to using the Internal Models Approach to lower capital charges outweighs implementation and running costs of the underlying data platform. Implementing a data pool for each region comes with challenges that include anti-competition law that may block the initiative, varied benefits to each competitive participant, and data security concerns.

Conclusion
It is evident that the data pool innovation provides benefits to lowering capital charges as the Canadian banks have seen an increase of modellability by several factors using the sample bond asset class. While each firm must still determine internally if the benefits outweighs the technological costs they will incur, it is clear that regulators are pushing for increased data retention and scrutiny.