bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polarisasi “Liyan” dalam Meme Please Help Me: Contraceptive Pills
Authors: Lestari Dwi Oktalina 
Published: June 2021

Contraceptives are considered to be the key to solving poverty problems by controlling women's reproductive systems. In campaigning for poverty solutions, women's bodies are presented in the Please Help Me: Contraceptive Pills meme through a representation system. Representation is closely related to the use of stereotypes which are subjective and prejudiced labeling. The first discussion is about how women's cultural identity is represented in the sign relation of a Please Help Me: Contraceptive Pills meme and what ideological practices that works behind the meme. This paper aims to analyze the representation system of women's cultural identity in a meme, Please Help Me: Contraceptive Pills. In addition, this paper seeks to show the pervasive discrimination through sign relations. This qualitative research uses the semiotic method in interpreting signs in memes. The results of this analysis state that the practice of the representation system has limited the flow of meaning so that in this meme there is an imbalanced represention of women's cultural identity and that the responsibility for procreation is only a woman's concerns.
Keywords: discrimination, identity, meme, representation, the Other
Analysis of Antenatal Care by Maternal to Health Services Utilization in Working Area of Cot Girek Health Centre
Authors: Ardah Fauzah , Suroyo Razia Begum , Suroyo Razia Begum , Silaen Mangatas , Lastiur Lucia 
Published: June 2021

According to Minister of Health Regulation (Permenkes) No. 43 of 2016 every maternal must get antenatal services according to the standard which provided to pregnant women at least 4 times during pregnancy with a schedule of one first trimester, one second trimester and two-third trimesters. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the influence of knowledge, attitudes, education, parity, income, support of health workers, a distance of health services and maternal health to the utilization of health services in the working area of the Cot Girek health centre, a population of this study amounted 512 people and 83 respondents were taken as the sample of this study. The research was Quantitative research used Mixed Method. The results showed of knowledge p = 0.000, education p = 0.000, income p = 0.000, support of health workers p = 0.000 shows a relationship to the utilization of health services. While attitudes p = .609, parity p = .823, distance of health services p = .167, maternal health p = .386 showed no relationship to the utilization of health services. The conclusion in this study is the influence of knowledge, education, income and support of health workers on the utilization of health services found, while the attitudes, parity, distance of health services and maternal health have no found about relationship to the utilization of health services. This research can be used as information for health workers to be more active in promoting antenatal care programs.
Sağlık Çalışanları İçin Kişisel Koruyucu Ekipman Kullanımı
Authors: PAKDEMİRLİ Ahu 
Published: June 2021

Sağlık çalışanları; çalışma ortamlarında başta biyolojik ve kimyasal olmak üzere pek çok tehlike ve riske maruz kalırlar. Bulaşıcı mikroorganizmalar, kesici ve delici aletlerle meydana gelen iş kazaları, fiziksel veya sözlü şiddet, çalışma ortamından kaynaklanan stres, aşırı sıcak veya soğuk çalışma koşulları, uzun süreli çalışma, çalışma ortamının gürültülü olması, iyi aydınlatılmaması ve havalandırılmaması bu riskler arasında sayılabilir. Bilindiği üzere 2019 yılından beri tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan COVID-19 pandemisi özellikle sağlık çalışanları için büyük risk oluşturmaktadır. Bu süreçte sağlık çalışanlarının sağlığının korunması daha fazla önem ve öncelik kazanmıştır. Kitlesel yaralanma ve ölümlere neden olabilecek Kimyasal, Biyolojik, Radyolojik ve Nükleer (KBRN) olaylarında ajanın türüne uygun fiziksel koruyuculuk sağlayacak kişisel koruyucu ekipman (KKE) ilk bariyeri oluşturmaktadır.
Bu derlemede amaç, sağlık çalışanlarının maruz kalabileceği riskleri tanımlamak, bu risklere karşı alınabilecek önlemler ve kişisel koruyucu ekipman kullanımı konusunda bilgilendirmektir.
Solar Wind Discontinuity Transformation at the Bow Shock
Authors: Kropotina Julia A. , Webster Lee , Artemyev Anton V. , Bykov Andrei M. , Vainchtein Dmitri L. , Vasko Ivan Y. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Solar wind plasma at the Earth’s orbit carries transient magnetic field structures including discontinuities. Their interaction with the Earth’s bow shock can significantly alter discontinuity configuration and stability. We investigate such an interaction for the most widespread type of solar wind discontinuities—rotational discontinuities (RDs). We use a set of in situ multispacecraft observations and perform kinetic hybrid simulations. We focus on the RD current density amplification that may lead to magnetic reconnection. We show that the amplification can be as high as two orders of magnitude and is mainly governed by three processes: the transverse magnetic field compression, global thinning of RD, and interaction of RD with low-frequency electromagnetic waves in the magnetosheath, downstream of the bow shock. The first factor is found to substantially exceed simple hydrodynamic predictions in most observed cases, the second effect has a rather moderate impact, while the third causes strong oscillations of the current density. We show that the presence of accelerated particles in the bow shock precursor highly boosts the current density amplification, making the postshock magnetic reconnection more probable. The pool of accelerated particles strongly affects the interaction of RDs with the Earth’s bow shock, as it is demonstrated by observational data analysis and hybrid code simulations. Thus, shocks should be distinguished not by the inclination angle, but rather by the presence of foreshocks populated with shock reflected particles. Plasma processes in the RD–shock interaction affect magnetic structures and turbulence in the Earth’s magnetosphere and may have implications for the processes in astrophysics.
Investigating the Relative Gas and Small Dust Grain Surface Heights in Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Rich Evan A. , Teague Richard , Monnier John D. , Davies Claire L. , Bosman Arthur , Harries Tim J. , Calvet Nuria , Adams Fred C. , Wilner David , Zhu Zhaohuan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Dust evolution in protoplanetary disks from small dust grains to pebbles is key to the planet formation process. The gas in protoplanetary disks should influence the vertical distribution of small dust grains (∼1 μm) in the disk. Utilizing archival near-infrared polarized light and millimeter observations, we can measure the scale height and flare parameter β of the small dust grain scattering surface and 12CO gas emission surface for three protoplanetary disks: IM Lup, HD 163296, and HD 97048 (CU Cha). For two systems, IM Lup and HD 163296, the 12CO gas and small dust grains at small radii from the star have similar heights, but at larger radii (>100 au), the dust grain scattering surface height is lower than the 12CO gas emission surface height. In the case of HD 97048, the small dust grain scattering surface has similar heights to the 12CO gas emission surface at all radii. We ran a protoplanetary disk radiative transfer model of a generic protoplanetary disk with TORUS and showed that there is no difference between the observed scattering surface and 12CO emission surface. We also performed analytical modeling of the system and found that gas-to-dust ratios larger than 100 could explain the observed difference in IM Lup and HD 163296. This is the first direct comparison of observations of gas and small dust grain height distribution in protoplanetary disks. Future observations of gas emission and near-infrared scattered-light instruments are needed to look for similar trends in other protoplanetary disks.
A Theoretical Investigation of the Magnetic-field-induced Transition in Fe X, of Importance for Measuring Magnetic Field Strengths in the Solar Corona
Authors: Li W. , Li M. , Wang K. , Brage T. , Hutton R. , Landi E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The use of the magnetic-field-induced transition (MIT)

in Fe X for the measurement of the magnetic field strength in the solar corona has been discussed and demonstrated in a number of recent studies. This diagnostic technique depends on, among other conditions, the accuracy of the atomic data for Fe X. In the present work, we carry out a large-scale calculation for the atomic properties needed for the determination of the MIT rate using the multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock method. Four computational schemes are employed to study the convergence of the atomic properties of interest. Comparison with other experimental and theoretical sources are performed and recommended values are suggested for important properties, e.g., the magnetic induced transition probabilities as a function of magnetic field strengths. The present calculations affect magnetic field measurements by decreasing the magnetic field strengths by 10%–15%, leading to differences in magnetic energy up to 30%. We recommend that the current data should be employed in magnetic field measurements in the future.
Société adolescente, une illusion moderne ?
Authors: Quentel Jean-Claude 
Published: June 2021

L’adolescence est une création sociale récente, mais elle pose un problème général qui est celui de la sortie de l’enfance. À ce problème, de nature anthropologique, tout homme et toute société ont, et ont eu, à se confronter. Cependant, si la question du début de l’adolescence ne fait pas véritablement problème, il n’est pas de même aujourd’hui de celle de sa durée et de sa fin. Les sociétés occidentales prolongent de plus en plus la période de la jeunesse sans toujours bien faire la différence avec l’adolescence. Plus encore, plusieurs auteurs en font aujourd’hui des « sociétés adolescentes » du point de vue de leur fonctionnement. Pour s’y retrouver dans ces questions, il faut creuser les processus qui s’enclenchent à la sortie de l’enfance avec « l’émergence à la personne ».
L’adolescence face à la crise sanitaire : résultat préliminaire du vécu sociopsychique lors du premier confinement
Authors: Gratton Emmanuel , Barrier Lucas , Bansard Nolhan , Veuillet-Combier Claudine 
Published: June 2021

Pendant le premier confinement en France, décrété en mars 2020, une étude scientifique s’échelonnant sur huit semaines, conduite par l’équipe de recherche BePsyLab et intitulée Psy cado -covid19, s’est intéressée aux vécus psychologiques des adolescents âgés de 14 à 17 ans. L’étude comprend un volet quantitatif avec un questionnaire en ligne auquel 550 adolescents ont répondu et un volet qualitatif longitudinal, auprès de 40 adolescents, allant du vécu de ce confinement à son après-coup immédiat par le biais d’entretiens téléphoniques de recherche. Cet article propose une restitution de cette étude afin de comprendre comment la crise adolescente se chevauche avec la crise sanitaire ou la rencontre. L’article concilie la variabilité des vécus psychologiques et sociaux exprimés dans les données qualitatives et la multiplicité et la récurrence des situations adolescentes présentées dans les données quantitatives. Cette méthodologie s’articule sur deux axes d’analyse, considérés ici comme des continuums polarisés : l ’ investissement objectal (filiatif ou affiliatif) dans un contexte de promiscuité parentale et d’éloignement avec les pairs ; la maturité subjective (régressive ou progressive) à travers l’autonomisation et la responsabilisation induites par un phénomène sanitaire et citoyen généralisé, impactant toutes les couches de la population, adolescents compris.
Sri Lankan University Students’ and English Lecturers’ Acceptance of Selected Sri Lankan English Prepositional Verbs: Pedagogical Implications
Authors: Dissanayake Achala K. 
Published: June 2021

One of the characteristic features of Sri Lankan English (SLE) is the use of verb-preposition combinations which do no not exist in British Standard English (BSE). Such verb formations, which could be classified as prepositional verbs, are used in abundance in SLE newspapers. This research focuses on the levels of acceptance displayed by Sri Lankan university lecturers of the English Language and Sri Lankan university students currently following English courses at the English Language Teaching Units (ELTUs) of their respective universities. The results obtained through an acceptability test firstly point to high levels of acceptance of these verb formations among university students and English lecturers of Sri Lankan universities. Secondly, the findings show that the acceptance levels displayed by the university students is higher than those displayed by English lecturers. Finally, the results reveal that, out of three SLE prepositional verbs, ‘discuss about’ is the verb that has received the highest level of acceptance where the university students are concerned. On the contrary, with regard to the English lecturers, ‘comprise of’ has received the highest level of acceptance. This paper highlights some implications that these acceptance levels displayed by Sri Lankan undergraduates and English lecturers have on the teaching of these verb formations in particular, and the pedagogy, in general, of English as a Second Language (ESL) in Sri Lanka.
Effects of Obesity-Associated Chronic Inflammation on Peripheral Blood Immunophenotype Are Not Mediated by TNF in Female C57BL/6J Mice
Authors: Breznik Jessica A , Foley Kevin P , Maddiboina Dhanyasri , Schertzer Jonathan D , Sloboda Deborah M , Bowdish Dawn M E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Chronic low-grade systemic inflammation in obesity contributes to the development and progression of aspects of metabolic syndrome. In obese male mice, expanded adipose tissue releases proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF, which promotes an increase in immature, proinflammatory, peripheral blood Ly-6Chigh monocytes. The aim of this study was to characterize how TNF alters circulating cellular immunity in female mice with diet-induced obesity. We initially quantified peripheral blood immune cells by flow cytometry in female wild-type C57BL/6J mice after 3–30 wk of allocation to a high-fat (HF) or standard chow diet. We assessed effects of diet and time on neutrophil, monocyte, B cell, NK cell, CD4+ T cell, and CD8+ T cell populations. There was a significant interaction of the effects of diet type and time on the numbers and prevalence of circulating total monocytes and Ly-6Chigh, Ly-6Clow, and Ly-6C− subsets. Circulating monocytes, in particular Ly-6Chigh monocytes, were increased in HF-fed mice compared with chow-fed mice. Ly-6Chigh monocytes from HF-fed mice also had a more immature phenotype yet were highly responsive to the chemotactic ligand CCL2 and had greater intracellular production of TNF. Comparisons of the effects of HF diet feeding in littermate wild-type (TNF+/+) and TNF−/− female mice showed that genetic ablation of TNF did not protect from higher adiposity or an increase in circulating, immature, proinflammatory Ly-6Chigh monocytes during HF diet–induced obesity. These data emphasize the importance of considering biological sex when determining the mechanisms of TNF action in obesity-induced cellular inflammation and in other chronic inflammatory conditions.
Influence of native language on Nasalance values in Kannada and Malayalam speakers
Authors: Girish K. S. , Pushpavathi M. , Satish H. V. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
Nasalance values vary across languages. Therefore, establishing separate normative values of nasalance for each language and studying their influence on each other becomes important for the assessment and management of persons with resonance disorders. So the present study aimed at comparing the nasalance values of vowels, unvoiced syllables, and voiced syllables between native Kannada speakers and native Malayalam speakers. The present study also compared the nasalance values of meaningful words, oral sentences, and nasal sentences (for both English and Kannada languages) between native Kannada speakers and native Malayalam speakers.

Materials and Methods:
Twelve native Kannada speakers and 12 native Malayalam speakers (age range – 18–23 years) served as participants. The test stimuli included a standardized set of meaningful words, oral sentences, and nasal sentences in both English and Kannada, vowels, unvoiced syllables, and voiced syllables. The data were recorded and the values were obtained from the Nasometer.

Results:
The results revealed a higher nasalance value for Malayalam speakers (/a/-29,i/-45.41,u/-19.50, unvoiced syllables-16.96, voiced syllables-21.63, words-22.71, oral sentences-21.40, and nasal sentences-60.15) than for Kannada speakers (/a/-14.90,i/-32.60,u/-10.50, unvoiced syllables-11.59, voiced syllables-16.99, words-15.83, oral sentences-13.62, and nasal sentences-56.18) across all the stimuli considered. However, a statistically significant difference was found only on vowels.

Conclusions:
The present study indicated that in bilingual or trilingual speakers, there is an effect of native language on the Nasalance Values of second and/or third language.
Ease, harvesting, and accuracy of cancellous versus corticocancellous bone graft materials used in cleft alveolar bone grafting
Authors: Datarkar Abhay , Valvi Bhavana , Parmar Suraj 
Published: June 2021

Aim:
The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the difference between cancellous and corticocancellous bone graft harvested from the anterior iliac crest in the management of unilateral complete cleft alveolus patients.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 20 patients of unilateral complete cleft alveolus with age ranging from 7 to 15 years were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups. Group I comprises 10 patients treated with cancellous bone graft and Group II consists of 10 patients treated with corticocancellous bone graft. Trapdoor technique for cancellous and enblock removal for corticocancellous bone graft was done. Both the grafts were evaluated for ease of harvesting and handling and ease, adequacy, and accuracy of graft filling.

Results:
Harvesting and graft handling was easy in Group I patients, whereas in patients of Group II, it was moderate. In Group I, ease of graft filling was adequate in 90% of patients and acceptable in 10% of patients. In Group II, ease of graft filling was acceptable in 100% of patients. In Group I, the mean time required for bone harvesting was 9.28 ± 2.97 min, whereas in Group II, it was 15.00 ± 1.98 min. Accuracy of graft filling was adequate in both the groups, and no statically significant difference was found between both the groups in terms of accuracy of graft filling.

Conclusion:
Corticocancellous bone graft is equally good as cancellous bone graft and it can be used successfully as a substitute for cancellous bone graft.
GC-MS analysis of essential oil from Anethum graveolens L (dill) seeds extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide
Authors: Li Hongbo , Zhou Wei , Hu Yongshuai , Mo Haizhen , Wang Jinshui , Hu Liangbin 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To conduct gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis of the chemical compositions of dill seed essential oil (DSEO) obtained by supercritical CO2.
Methods: The impact on extraction yield were examined by single factor test, the particle size of dill seed, extraction temperature, time, pressure, as well as CO2 flux. The best extraction conditions were obtained by an orthogonal test. The chemical configurations of essential oil were examined by GC-MS analysis.
Results: The optimal extraction conditions included an extraction time of 120 min, particle size of 60 mesh, CO2 flow of 25 L/h, temperature of 40oC, and pressure of 20 MPa. Under these conditions, the yield of essential oil was 6.7 %. Out of 38 recognized compounds, the main ones were D-carvone (40.36 %), D-limonene (19.31 %), apiol (17.50 %), α-pinene (6.43 %), 9-octadecenoic acid (9.00 %) as well as 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (2.44 %).
Conclusion: A total of 38 constituents of the essential oil obtained by supercritical CO2 were identified. The findings may provide a theoretical basis for comprehensive utilization of dill seed essential oil (DSEO) from China.
Self-medication with oral antibiotics among University students in United Arab Emirates
Authors: Al-Kubaisi Khalid , SteCroix Mark , Vinson Don , Sharif Suleiman , Abduelkarem Abduelmula 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of antibiotic use without prescriptions and to identify factors associated with this behavior among university students using oral non-prescription drugs (ONPD).
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the students of major universities in UAE. A multistage sampling technique was used in the present study.
Results: Out of 2875 students, only 2355 (81.9 %) questionnaire were fully answered and included. Of 2355, more than half (1348; 57.2 %) of the participants reported using ONPD. More than one-third (484, 35.9 %) of 1348 participants used antibiotics without a prescription during the 90 days prior to the present study. Binary logistic regression identified nine statistically significant variables: nationality (OR = 0.471, 95 % CI: 0.326 - 0.681, p < 0.001); cost-influence behavior (OR = 1.716, 95 % CI: 1.175 - 2.508, p < 0.005); belief in ONPD effectiveness (OR = 0.332, 95 % CI: 0 .135 - 0.815, p < 0.05); year of study (OR = 0.310, 95 %, CI: 0.141 - 0.681, p < 0.004); medication knowledge (OR = 0.619, 95 % CI: 0.443 - 0.866, p < 0.005); self-care orientation (OR=1.878, 95 % CI: 1.304 - 2.706, p < 0.001); using ONPD helps to save money (OR=1.665, 95 % CI: 1.047-2.649, p<0.04); and urgency of use (OR = 1.644, 95 %, CI: 1.144 - 2.363, p < 0.007); as well as being healthcare students (OR = 1.465, 95 %, CI: 1.012 - 2.120, p < 0.05).
Conclusion: There is a need for educational intervention to improve students’ knowledge, attitude, and awareness regarding the risk of using antibiotics without prescriptions.
Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor inhibits apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant pancreatic cancer cells via upregulation of EGFR and ERCC 1 expressions
Authors: Zhou Lingyang , Wang Yuming , Lan Shenghong , Hu Mingfu , Lu Lipeng 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the influence of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) on apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant pancreatic cancer cells, as well as its mechanism of action.
Methods: Pancreatic cancer cisplatin-resistant cells (BXPC-3/CDDP) were transfected with HB-EGF small interfering RNA (siRNA). The cells were randomly assigned to four groups, namely, BXPC-3 group (group A), BXPC-3/CDDP group (group B), transfected group A (group Asi) and transfected group B (group Bsi). Cell proliferation was determined using MTT assay, and the levels of expression of HBEGF, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC 1) were determined using Western blotting. The extent of apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry.
Results: Cell proliferation was increased in group B, relative to group A, but was significantly decreased after transfection with HB-EGF siRNA (p < 0.05). The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of group Bsi was reduced, relative to group Asi (p < 0.05). The expression of HB-EGF was significantly upregulated in group B, relative to group A (p < 0.05). In contrast, HB-EGF siRNA transfection of the cells significantly down-regulated HB-EGF expression (p < 0.05). Early apoptosis was significantly higher in group A than in groups B and Bsi. Higher levels of apoptosis were seen in group Bsi, relative to group B after inhibition of HB-EGF expression (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: These results indicate that HB-EGF is resistant to cisplatin, and it inhibits apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells via the upregulation of EGFR and ERCC 1 expressions.