bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Twofold symmetry of c-axis resistivity in topological kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5 with in-plane rotating magnetic field
Authors: Xiang Ying , Li Qing , Li Yongkai , Xie Wei , Yang Huan , Wang Zhiwei , Yao Yugui , Wen Hai-Hu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In transition metal compounds, due to the interplay of charge, spin, lattice and orbital degrees of freedom, many intertwined orders exist with close energies. One of the commonly observed states is the so-called nematic electron state, which breaks the in-plane rotational symmetry. This nematic state appears in cuprates, iron based superconductor, etc. Nematicity may coexist, affect, cooperate or compete with other orders. Here we show the anisotropic in-plane electronic state and superconductivity in a recently discovered kagome metal CsV3Sb5 by measuring c-axis resistivity with the in-plane rotation of magnetic field. We observe a twofold symmetry of superconductivity in the superconducting state and a unique in-plane nematic electronic state in normal state when rotating the in-plane magnetic field. Interestingly these two orders are orthogonal to each other in terms of the field direction of the minimum resistivity. Our results shed new light in understanding non-trivial physical properties of CsV3Sb5.
Size Conservation Emerges Spontaneously in Biomolecular Condensates Formed by Scaffolds and Surfactant Clients
Authors: Sanchez-Burgos Ignacio , Joseph Jerelle A. , Collepardo-Guevara Rosana , Espinosa Jorge R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Biomolecular condensates are liquid-like membraneless compartments that contribute to the spatiotemporal organization of proteins, RNA, and other biomolecules inside cells. Some membraneless compartments, such as nucleoli, are dispersed as different condensates that do not grow beyond a certain size, or do not present coalescence over time. In this work, using a minimal protein model, we show that phase separation of binary mixtures of scaffolds and low-valency clients that can act as surfactants—i.e., that significantly reduce the droplet surface tension—can yield either a single drop or multiple droplets that conserve their sizes on long timescales (herein ‘multidroplet size-conserved’), depending on the scaffold to client ratio. Our simulations demonstrate that protein connectivity and condensate surface tension regulate the balance between these two scenarios. Multidroplet size-conserved behavior spontaneously arises at increasing surfactant-to-scaffold concentrations, when the interfacial penalty for creating small liquid droplets is sufficiently reduced by the surfactant proteins that are preferentially located at the interface. In contrast, low surfactant-to-scaffold concentrations enable continuous growth and fusion of droplets without restrictions. Overall, our work proposes one potential thermodynamic mechanism to help rationalize how size-conserved coexisting condensates can persist inside cells—shedding light on the roles of general biomolecular features such as protein connectivity, binding affinity, and droplet composition in this process.
Diastolic dysfunction contributes to impaired cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with lung cancer and reduced lung function following chest radiation
Authors: Thomas Georgia , Canada Justin , Weiss Elisabeth , Trankle Cory , Carbone Salvatore , Garten Ryan , Evans Ronald , VanTassell Benjamin , Abbate Antonio , Billingsley Hayley 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a robust and independent predictor of cardiovascular health and overall mortality. Patients with lung cancer often have chronic lung disease, contributing to impaired CRF. Radiation to the heart during treatment of lung cancer may further reduce CRF. The determinants of reduced CRF in this population are not well understood. In this study, we sought to determine whether cardiac diastolic function, as assessed by Doppler echocardiography and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) levels, correlate with CRF as measured by peak oxygen consumption (VO 2 ), in patients with reduced lung function who received chest irradiation for lung cancer. We found that Doppler-derived measures of diastolic function and serum levels of NTproBNP inversely correlate with peak VO 2. In a multivariate regression model, NTproBNP was the strongest independent variable associated with peak VO 2 . These results suggest that diastolic dysfunction may further contribute to reduced CRF in patients with lung cancer who have received radiotherapy and have reduced lung function.
Exploring the Effects of Genre-based Portfolio Assessment on EFL Writing With Focus on Learner Engagement
Authors: Pourdana Natasha 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With controversial implications in language learning context, there is not enough evidence for learners’ engagement in genre-based portfolio assessment (PA) and its impacts on their writing improvement. To fill the gap, this case study examined 46 EFL undergraduate students’ performance on descriptive and narrative writing tasks. In 12-week PA design, feedback points were collected from teacher formative assessment of the students’ descriptive and narrative writing, with reference to the genre-specific indicators in West Virginia Department of Education descriptive writing rubric and Smarter Balanced narrative writing rubric, respectively. Statistical results reported the significant impact of PA on improving components of word choice and grammar, development and organization of ideas in student descriptive writing, with no sign of improvement in their performance on descriptive writing post-test. Statistics also supported the positive impact of PA on improving the components of elaboration of narrative, language and vocabulary, organization and convention in student narrative writing, and their performance on narrative writing post-test. The qualitative data on students’ engagement in PA was collected from their reflective journals. After inductive content analysis, the students’ self-reports were schematized, and their level of engagement was rendered in terms of their approval of usefulness and novelty of PA, frequent mismatch between student self-assessment and teacher written feedback both in quality and quantity, ‘sensitivity’ or focus of teacher feedback to some writing features over others, applicability of teacher feedback to revision process, and overall perception of writing improvement. The paper provided teaching implications for EFL practitioners and suggestions for future research.
Relationship of Footwear Comfort, Selected Size, and Lower Leg Overuse Injuries Among Infantry Soldiers
Authors: Nesterovica Darja , Vaivads Normunds , Stepens Ainars 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
IntroductionHigh rates of musculoskeletal injuries such as plantar fasciitis and stress fractures have been observed among physically active military personnel. During service time, infantry soldiers use issued boots daily that should be a proper fit and provide comfort to effectively prevent injuries and decrease lower extremity pain. This study compares the subjective infantry boot size with optimal size and investigates perceived boot comfort for different boot parts among soldiers with and without a history of lower leg, ankle, and foot overuse injury. Materials/MethodsDuring the cross-sectional study, 227 (males, n=213; females, n=14) active-duty infantry soldiers at a mean age of 29.5 years old, and with an average service time of 7.2 years were assessed for a history of overuse injury, footprint length, appropriate shoe size, and footwear comfort. Males with a history of overuse injury (n=32) and non-injured age-matched controls (n=34) were selected for detailed testing and establishing the possible relationship between footwear comfort and lower leg overuse injury.Results No relationship was found between footwear comfort and history of lower leg overuse injury. N=38 (57.6%) of study subjects were wearing an inappropriate shoe size daily. Inappropriate shoe size usage affected footwear comfort ratings significantly.ConclusionsStudy results showed that improper boot size was significantly related to comfort ratings but was not associated with a history of lower leg overuse injury.
Integrating Protein Interaction Networks and Somatic Mutation Data to Detect Driver Modules in Pan-Cancer
Authors: Wu Hao , Chen Zhong-Li , Wu Ying-Fu , Zhang Hong-Ming , Liu Quan-Zhong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: With the constant update of large-scale sequencing data and the continuous improvement of cancer genomics data such as the cancer genome atlas ICGC and TCGA, it gains increasing importance how to detect the functional high-frequency mutation gene set in cells that causes cancer within the eld of medicine.Methods: In this study, to solve the issue of mutated gene heterogeneity and improve the accuracy of driver modules, we propose a new recognition method of driver modules, named ECSWalk, based on the human protein interaction networks and pan-cancer somatic mutation data. This study rstly utilizes high mutual exclusivity and high coverage between mutation genes and topological structure similarity of the nodes in complex networks to calculate interaction weights between genes. Secondly, the method of random walk with restart is utilized to construct a weighted directed network, and the strong connectivity principle of the directed graph is utilized to create the initial candidate modules with a certain number of genes. Finally, the large modules in the candidate modules are reasonably split using the way of the induced subgraph, and the small modules are expanded using a greedy strategy to obtain the optimal driver modules.Results: This method is applied to the analysis of TCGA pan-cancer data, and the experimental results show that ECSWalk can detect driver modules more effectively and accurately, and can identify new candidate gene sets with higher biological relevance and statistical significance than MEXCOWalk and HotNet2.Conclusions: ECSWalk is of theoretical guidance and practical value for cancer diagnosis, treatment and drug targets.
Doxorubicin Loaded-UiO-66-NH2 Coated With Poly(N-Vinylcaprolactam) For Controlled Release of Doxorubicin Against A549 Lung Cancer
Authors: Rakhshani Navid , Nemati nahid Hassanzadeh , Saadatabadi Ahmad Ramazani , Sadrnezhaad S.K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The use of nano metal-organic frameworks (NMOFs) has been developed for drug delivery systems due to their high porosity and large specific surface area. In this work, UiO-66-NH2 NMOFs were synthesized via the microwave heating method and doxorubicin (DOX) molecules were incorporated into the UiO-66-NH2 NMOFs. Then, poly(N-Vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) synthesized by the free radical polymerization was coated on the NMOFs surface to fabricate the pH/temperature-sensitive carrier against A549 lung cancer cells death in vitro. The synthesized nanocarriers were characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, FESEM, TGA, and BET analysis. The average particle sizes of UiO-66-NH2 MOF and PNVCL coated-UiO-66-NH2 /DOX MOF nanoparticles were found to be 175 nm and 235 nm, respectively. TGA analysis showed that the PNVCL percentage coated on the UiO-66-NH2 NMOFs surface was about 17.5 %, and 27.3% for NMOFs incubated in 1% and 2% PNVCL solutions, respectively. The BET surface area of UiO-66-NH2 NMOFs, UiO-66-NH2 NMOFs/DOX 100 μg mL-1, and PNVCL 1% coated-NMOFs/DOX was found to be 1052, 121, and 87 m2g-1, respectively. The DOX release data of UiO-66-NH2 and PNVCL coated- UiO-66-NH2/DOX were evaluated under pH values of 5.5, 7.4, and temperatures of 25 °C, 37°C. The anticancer activity of synthesized NMOFs was investigated against lung cancer cells (A549) in vitro. The maximum cytotoxicity of A549 cancer cells was found to be 76% using PNVCL 1% coated-UiO-66-NH2/DOX 100 μg mL-1 NMOFs.
DeepNEU: a machine learning platform for simulating Cytokine Storm and Coagulopathy that complicate severe COVID-19 to enable targeted drug repurposing
Authors: Esmail Sally , Danter Wayne R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
COVID-19 is a disease that results from infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The disease is often complicated by cytokine storm and/or a coagulopathy These two complications appear to be responsible for much of the increased mortality seen in severe COVID-19. While available treatment options including systemic corticosteroids and heparin have been beneficial in some ventilator dependent patients, mortality rates remain excessive. Several clinical trials using previously approved drugs and drug combinations are urgently underway to improve the current situation. The primary purpose of this project was to evaluate the DeepNEU stem-cell simulation platform by creating and validating computer simulations of artificial lung cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 to enable rapid identification of therapeutic targets and drug repurposing for specifically treating both the cytokine storm and coagulopathy associated with severe COVID-19. The data generated from this project confirm that (1) COVID-19 can be simulated in human alveolar type lung cells infected with SARS-CoV-2, (2) these simulated lung cells can develop features of the cytokine storm and coagulopathy that often complicate severe COVID-19, (3) the unsupervised machine learning system performed well in all COVID-19 simulations based on available published wet lab data and (4) the platform successfully identified potentially effective double drug combinations for both COVID-19 associated cytokine storm and coagulopathy for urgent clinical study. We conclude that while DeepNEU (v5.0) requires further validation, it is very likely that the most important application of this machine learning platform will be to improve our preparedness for serious future viral outbreaks and their life-threatening complications.
Statins to mitigate cardiotoxicity in cancer patients treated with anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Obasi Mary , Abovich Arielle , Vo Jacqueline , Gao Yawen , Papatheodorou Stefania , Nohria Anju , Asnani Aarti , Partridge Ann 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Cardiotoxicity affects 5-16% of cancer patients who receive anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab. Limited research has examined interventions to mitigate cardiotoxicity. We examined the role of statins in mitigating cardiotoxicity by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Central. A random-effect model was used to assess summary relative risks (RR), weighted mean differences (WMD), and corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Testing for heterogeneity between the studies was performed using Cochran’s Q test and the I 2 test. Results: Two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a total of 117 patients and four observational cohort studies with a total of 813 patients contributed to the analysis. Pooled results indicate significant mitigation of cardiotoxicity after anthracycline and/or trastuzumab exposure among statin users in cohort studies [RR=0.46, 95% CI (0.27-0.78), p=0.004, =0.0%] and a non-significant decrease in cardiotoxicity risk among statin users in RCTs [RR=0.49, 95% CI (0.17-1.45), p=0.20, =5.6%]. Those who used statins were also significantly more likely to maintain left ventricular ejection fraction compared to baseline after anthracycline and/or trastuzumab therapy in both cohort studies [weighted mean difference (WMD)=6.14%, 95% CI (2.75-9.52), p<0.001, =74.7%] and RCTs [WMD=6.25%, 95% CI (0.82-11.68, p=0.024, =80.9%]. We were unable to explore publication bias due to the small number of studies. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that there is an association between statin use and decreased risk of cardiotoxicity after anthracycline and/or trastuzumab exposure. Larger well-conducted RCTs are needed to determine whether statins decrease risk of cardiotoxicity from anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab.Trial Registration Number and Date of Registration: PROSPERO: CRD42020140352 on 7/6/2020.
Title: Identification of new GLUT2-selective inhibitors through in silico ligand screening and validation in eukaryotic expression systems
Authors: Schmidl Sina , Ursu Oleg , Iancu Cristina V. , Oreb Mislav , Oprea Tudor , Choe Jun-yong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Glucose is an essential energy source for cells. In humans, its passive diffusion through the cell membrane is facilitated by members of the glucose transporter family (GLUT, SLC2 gene family). GLUT2 transports both glucose and fructose with low affinity and plays a critical role in glucose sensing mechanisms. Alterations in the function or expression of GLUT2 are involved in the Fanconi-Bickel syndrome, diabetes, and cancer. Distinguishing GLUT2 transport in tissues where other GLUTs coexist is challenging due to the low affinity of GLUT2 for glucose and fructose and the scarcity of GLUT-specific modulators. By combining in silico ligand screening of an inward-facing conformation model of GLUT2 and glucose uptake assays in a hexose transporter-deficient yeast strain, in which the GLUT1-5 can be expressed individually, we identified eleven new GLUT2 inhibitors (IC50 ranging from 0.61 to 19.3 µM). Among them, nine were GLUT2-selective, one inhibited GLUT1-4 (pan-Class I GLUT inhibitor), and another inhibited GLUT5 only. All these inhibitors dock to the substrate cavity periphery, close to the large cytosolic loop connecting the two transporter halves, outside the substrate-binding site. The GLUT2 inhibitors described here have various applications; GLUT2-specific inhibitors can serve as tools to examine the pathophysiological role of GLUT2 relative to other GLUTs, the pan-Class I GLUT inhibitor can block glucose entry in cancer cells, and the GLUT2/GLUT5 inhibitor can reduce the intestinal absorption of fructose to combat the harmful effects of a high-fructose diet.
Self-replication of a quantum artificial organism driven by single-photon pulses
Authors: Valente Daniel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Artificial organisms are computer programs that self-replicate, mutate, compete and evolve. How do these lifelike information-processing behaviours could arise in diverse far-from-equilibrium physical systems remains an open question. Here, I devise a toy model where the onset of self-replication of a quantum artificial organism (a chain of lambda systems) is owing to single-photon pulses added to a zero-temperature environment. The model results in a replication probability that is proportional to the absorbed work from the photon, in agreement with the theory of dissipative adaptation. Unexpectedly, spontaneous mutations are unavoidable in this model, due to rare but finite absorption of off-resonant photons. These results hint at self-replication as a possible link between dissipative adaptation and open-ended evolution.
Development of waffle with fat filling using unconventional vegetable raw materials
Authors: Haponceva Oksana , Cherevychna Nataliia , Balashcova Oxana , Nikolaenko-Lomakina Alla , Ashtaieva Nataliia , Popova Tetiana , Skyrda Olena , Kolesnyk Viktoria 
Published: May 2021

The object of research: technology for the production of waffles of increased consumer value with a fat filling using non-traditional plant raw materials.
Investigated problem: the problem of the production of new waffles is solved by using a mixture of vegetable-butter and coconut oil, dry skim milk, carob powder, apple powder, cinnamon and ascorbic acid.
Main scientific results: The use of non-traditional raw materials in the fatty filling of waffles increases the organoleptic properties of the products. Waffles have a pleasant taste and aroma due to the content of carob powder, apple powder and cinnamon in the filling. Due to the introduction of unconventional raw materials and herbal additives into the formulations of new products, the amount of total sugars was reduced. The mass fraction of fat also decreased due to the replacement of confectionery fat for waffle fillings with a vegetable-butter mixture and coconut oil. The moisture content of new samples of waffles and waffle sheets is within the established norms. It was found that the finished waffles meet the requirements of the state standard for physical and chemical indicators. The developed score helped to establish that the quality level of the developed waffles is 0.97.
The area of practical use of the research results: food industry enterprises specializing in the production of confectionery.
An innovative technological product: the technology for the production of waffles with a fat filling using non-traditional plant raw materials makes it possible to obtain a new confectionery product of increased consumer value with a balanced composition and high organoleptic properties.
Scope of application of the innovative technological product: confectionery production of dietary products
Analysis of functional potential of communication technologies in modern educational practices
Authors: Trynyak Maya , Tykhonovych Viktoriia , Skіnder Natalііa , Torіanіk Іryna , Teterina Tetiana 
Published: May 2021

The object of research is communication technologies. It is devoted to the analysis of their functional potential in educational practices. On the basis of the author's integrated methodology, communication, its structure, varieties, functional range and constructive potential are considered. The role of dialogue and discourse as a form of reflection is highlighted. It turns out the importance of hermeneutics for educational activities. It is necessary that taking into account the peculiarities of modern communication is of fundamental importance for increasing the effectiveness of educational and educational practices.
Investigated problem. The communicative philosophy proposes landmarks different from the classical philosophy of consciousness. They provide for the recognition of the phenomenon of communication as fundamental to human existence. Here communication is seen as the last foundation of consciousness, cognition and social life. This question was developed by a number of researchers earlier, but the problem remains relevant. This is due to the need to substantiate the universal foundations of human understanding. Also, the aim of research is to find new ways to harmonize relations between people.
Main scientific results. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the creation of an integrated post-non-classical model of modern communication. The features of the complex of modern communication technologies are investigated. On the basis of the author's methodological program, the functional potential of modern communication technologies in educational and upbringing practices was discovered.
The scope of practical application of the research results. The proposed methodological program is used in the development of strategies for the education of a communicative culture, in the teaching of special courses in modern communicative philosophy, pedagogy, sociology of education and culture. The research results were introduced into the educational process of the H. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Kharkіv College of Trade and Economіcs of Kyіv Natіonal Unіversіty of Trade and Economіcs.
An innovative analysis of the functional potential of communicative practices, together with the developed recommendations, is appropriate to apply in modern education, which is aimed at the formation of a strong and courageous personality, capable of building a successful life strategy.