bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An fNIRS Investigation of Discrete and Continuous Cognitive Demands During Dual-Task Walking in Young Adults
Authors: Rahman Tabassum Tahmina , Polskaia Nadia , St-Amant Gabrielle , Salzman Talia , Vallejo Diana Tobón , Lajoie Yves , Fraser Sarah Anne 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Dual-task studies have demonstrated that walking is attention-demanding for younger adults. However, numerous studies have attributed this to task type rather than the amount of required to accomplish the task. This study examined four tasks: two discrete (i.e., short intervals of attention) and two continuous (i.e., sustained attention) to determine whether greater attentional demands result in greater dual-task costs due to an overloaded processing capacity.Methods: Nineteen young adults (21.5 ± 3.6 years, 13 females) completed simple reaction time (SRT) and go/no-go (GNG) discrete cognitive tasks and n-back (NBK) and double number sequence (DNS) continuous cognitive tasks with or without self-paced walking. Prefrontal cerebral hemodynamics were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and performance was measured using response time, accuracy, and gait speed.Results: Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed decreased accuracy with increasing cognitive demands (p = 0.001) and increased dual-task accuracy costs (p &lt; 0.001). Response times were faster during the single compared to dual-tasks during the SRT (p = 0.005) and NBK (p = 0.004). DNS gait speed was also slower in the dual compared to single task (p &lt; 0.001). Neural findings revealed marginally significant interactions between dual-task walking and walking alone in the DNS (p = 0.06) and dual -task walking compared to the NBK cognitive task alone (p = 0.05).Conclusion: Neural findings suggest a trend towards increased PFC activation during continuous tasks. Cognitive and motor measures revealed worse performance during the discrete compared to continuous tasks. Future studies should consider examining different attentional demands of motor tasks.
Identification of the Unique Clinical and Genetic Features of Chinese Lung Cancer Patients With EGFR Germline Mutations in a Large-Scale Retrospective Study
Authors: Lin Xinqing , Peng Muyun , Chen Quanfang , Yuan Mingming , Chen Rongrong , Deng Haiyi , Deng Jiaxi , Liu Ouqi , Weng Yuqing , Chen Mingjiu , Zhou Chengzhi 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundEpidemiological surveys have suggested that lung cancer has inherited susceptibility and shows familial aggregation. However, the distribution and prevalence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) germline variants and their roles in lung cancer genetic predisposition in Chinese population remain to be elucidated.MethodsIn this study, EGFR germline and somatic variants were retrospectively reviewed from the next-generation sequencing results of 31,906 patients with lung cancer. Clinical information was also collected for patients with confirmed EGFR germline mutations.ResultsA total of 22 germline EGFR variants were identified in 64 patients with lung cancer, accounting for 0.2% of the total cases studied. Five patients were diagnosed as multiple primary carcinomas. Family history was documented in 31.3% (20/64) of patients, 55% of which were diagnosed as lung cancer. G863D was the most frequent EGFR germline mutation, followed by P848L, D1014N, and K757R. Somatic EGFR-sensitive mutations were identified in 51.6% of patients with germline EGFR mutations. The proportion of L858R mutation, exon 19 deletion, and rare sensitive mutation was 50%, 17.6%, and 32.4%, respectively. D1014N and T790M mutations were common in young patients. The family members of patients with P848L, R776H, V769M, and V774M mutations were more commonly diagnosed with cancers. A total of 19 patients were confirmed to have received EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but the response to EGFR-TKIs differed among patients with different EGFR mutations.ConclusionChinese patients with lung cancer harbored unique and dispersive EGFR germline mutations and showed unique clinical and genetic characteristics, with varied response patterns to EGFR-TKI treatment.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Children With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Developing Country: An 11-Year Single-Center Experience
Authors: Iamwat Wirapatra , Samankatiwat Piya , Lertbunrian Rojjanee , Anantasit Nattachai 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a lifesaving procedure for patients with refractory cardiac or respiratory failure. The indications for ECMO are growing, and it is increasingly being used to support cardiopulmonary failure in children. However, the risks and benefits of ECMO should be weighed before deploying it on the patients. The objectives of this study were to identify the mortality risk factors and to determine the ECMO outcomes.Methods: The retrospective chart reviews were done for all patients aged 1 day−20 years old receiving ECMO between January 2010 and December 2020.Results: Seventy patients were enrolled in the study. The median age was 31.3 months. The incidence of VA and VV ECMO was 85.7 and 14.3%, respectively. The most common indication for ECMO was the failure to wean off cardiopulmonary bypass after cardiac surgery. Pre-existing acute kidney injury (OR 4.23; 95% CI 1.34–13.32, p = 0.014) and delayed enteral feeding (OR 3.85, 95% CI 1.23–12.02, p = 0.020), and coagulopathy (OD 12.64; 95% CI 1.13–141.13, p = 0.039) were associated with the higher rate of mortality. The rates of ECMO survival and survival to discharge were 70 and 50%, respectively.Conclusion: ECMO is the lifesaving tool for critically ill pediatric patients. Pre-existing acute kidney injury, delayed enteral feeding, and coagulopathy were the potential risk factors associated with poor outcomes in children receiving ECMO. However, ECMO setup can be done successfully in a developing country.
Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy for Cystine Stones in Children: An Observational, Retrospective, Single-Center Analysis
Authors: Vinit Nicolas , Khoury Antoine , Lopez Pauline , Heidet Laurence , Botto Nathalie , Traxer Olivier , Boyer Olivia , Blanc Thomas , Lottmann Henri B. 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Cystinuria is a genetic disorder characterized by a defective reabsorption of cystine and dibasic amino acids leading to development of urinary tract calculi from childhood onward. Cystine lithiasis is known to be resistant to fragmentation. The aim was to evaluate our long-term experience with extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) used as first-line urological treatment to treat cystine stones in children.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all children who underwent ESWL for cystine stone. We assessed the 3-month stone-free rate, according to age, younger (group 1) or older (group 2) than 2 years old.Results: Between 2003 and 2016, 15 patients with a median (IQR) age at first treatment of 48 (15–108) months underwent ESWL in monotherapy. Median age was, respectively, 15 and 108 months in each group. The median (IQR) stone burden was 2,620 (1,202–8,265) mm3 in group I and 4,588 (2,039–5,427) mm3 in group II (p = 0.96). Eleven patients had bilateral calculi. ESWL was repeated on average 2.4 times, with a maximum of 4 for patients of group I, and 4.8 times, with a maximum of 9 for group II (p &gt; 0.05). ESWL in monotherapy was significantly more efficient to reach stone-free status for children under 2 years of age: 83% vs. 6.2% (p = 0.040). The median (IQR) follow-up of the study was 69 (42–111) months.Conclusion: ESWL appears as a valid urological option for the treatment of cystine stones, in young children. Even if cystine stones are known to be resistant to fragmentation, we report 83% of stone-free status at 3 months with ESWL used in monotherapy in children under 2 years old with cystinuria. In older children, the success rate is too low to recommend ESWL as a first line approach.
Measuring Staff Attitudes to Coercion in Poland
Authors: Lickiewicz Jakub , Husum Tonje Lossius , Ruud Torleif , Siqveland Johan , Musiał Zofia , Makara-Studzińska Marta 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Coercion can be defined as the use of force to limit a person's choices. In Poland, coercive measures may tend to be overused. However, there is limited information regarding the attitudes of nurses toward coercion in psychiatric settings and the factors influencing any decisions to use coercion.Aims: To validate the Staff Attitudes to Coercion Scale (SACS) for a group of psychiatric nurses and psychiatrists, to compare the said with the original Norwegian SACS version, and to compare nurses' attitudes with those displayed by psychiatrists. A second aim was to understand the relationship between self-efficacy and attitudes to coercion.Method: We surveyed 351 psychiatric nurses and psychiatrists rating SACS and GSES (General Self Efficacy Scale). We validated the SACS factor structure using confirmatory principal component factor analysis, calculated the internal consistency of subscales, and analyzed the test-retest reliability and face validity of the subscales themselves. Further, we analyzed the differences in attitudes toward coercion between nurses and psychiatrists, as well as whether there was an association between GSES and the SACS subscales. We compared the means on the SACS items between three countries—Germany, Norway, and Poland.Results: The confirmatory factor analysis of the Polish version of SACS found the same factor structure with three factors as was displayed in the original Norwegian SACS, except that one item was loaded on another factor. Internal consistency was acceptable for the factors on coercion as security and the coercion as offending, and unacceptable for the factor on coercion as treatment. Test-retest reliability was excellent for all the three subscales. Face validity was high for the factor coercion as security, partly present for coercion as offending, and not present for coercion as treatment. The subscale Coercion as Treatment was rated significantly higher by nurses than by psychiatrists, but there was no difference for the two other subscales. There was no significant association between the General Self-Efficacy Scale and any of the SACS subscales. The biggest differences in attitudes toward forms of coercion was noted between Poland and Germany.Discussion: The three-factor structure of SACS was the best solution for the Polish nurses and psychiatrists. The attitudes toward coercion differed between the two groups, but a low correlation was computed for the SACS subscales and self-efficacy. There is a cultural diversity visible amongst the three countries examined. Reduction in the use of coercion is a priority worldwide. More knowledge about the process involved in using coercive measures may contribute to this. The use of coercive interventions may harm patients and threaten patients' rights. Thus, education is needed for pre-service and in-service nurses alike.
INTERVENSI PENDAMPINGAN KURANG ENERGI KRONIK (KEK) PADA IBU HAMIL DENGAN PENDEKATAN CONTINUITY OF MIDWIFERY CARE (CoMC) SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN STUNTING
Authors: Hevrialni Rully , Sartika Yan 
Published: November 2021

Kurang Energi Kronis (KEK) merupakan keadaan dimana ibu menderita kekurangan makanan yang berlangsung menahun (kronis) sehingga menimbulkan berbagai gangguan kesehatan pada ibu yang menderitanya maupun janin yang dikandungnya. KEK pada ibu hamil mempunyai faktor penyebab yang sangat kompleks termasuk ketidak seimbangan asupan zat gizi, penyakit infeksi, dan perdarahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektivitas intervensi pendampingan Kurang Energi Kronik (KEK) pada ibu hamil dengan pendekatan Continuity of Midwifery Care (Comc) sebagai upaya pencegahan Stunting. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasy ekskperiment, menggunakan rancangan one groups pre-dan-post-test design. Sampel penelitian terdiri atas 30 orang ibu hamil yang dibagi menjadi 2 kolompok yaitu kelompok intervensi pendampingan sebanyak 15 orang dan kelompok non intervensi pendampingan sebanyak 15 orang yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Januari s/d Desember 2020 pada sebuah Puskesmas di Kota Pekanbaru. Pengumpulan data untuk menilai Hb, lingkar lengan atas (LILA) dan berat badan dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar observasi. Uji normalitas data dengan Shapiro-Wilk dan uji T-Independent dilakukan untuk menilai efektivitas program intervensi yang dilakukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara pemberian makanan tambahan berupa nugget berbahan pangan lokal dengan makanan tambahan berupa biscuit terhadap berat badan dan Hb ibu hamil; ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara pemberian makanan tambahan berupa nugget berbahan pangan lokal dan makanan tambahan berupa biscuit terhadap lingkar lengan atas (LILA) ibu hamil. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian direkomendasikan untuk memberikan PMT berbentuk biscuit berbahan pangan lokal (patin dan tempe) kepada ibu hamil KEK berat dan melakukan edukasi ibu hamil untuk mengkonsumsi PMT secara teratur agar diperoleh kenaikan LILA pada ibu hamil.
TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN FREE RADICAL THEORY OF AGING. CONTRIBUTION OF NIKOLAY M. EMANUEL AND HIS SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL TO GERONTOLOGY
Authors: Мамаев В.Б. , Жданов Р.И. 
Published: November 2021

Работа представляет собой обзор научных исследований влияния антиоксидантов-геропротекторов на старение экспериментальных животных и репликативное старение диплоидных клеток человека, выполненных в отделе кинетики химических и биологических процессов «ХИМБИО» Института химической физики АН СССР под руководством академика Николая Марковича Эмануэля в 1960- 1980- е гг. В работах Н.М. Эмануэля и сотрудников было установлено неизвестное ранее явление взаимодействия ингибиторов свободнорадикальных реакций в процессах окисления органических веществ, заключающееся в регенерации более эффективного ингибитора вследствие переноса атома водорода к его радикалу от молекулы менее эффективного ингибитора. Антиоксиданты поливалентны и могут влиять одновременно на многие процессы старения. Данные научной школы Н.М. Эмануэля по увеличению средней продолжительности жизни на 25,3 % и максимальной продолжительности мышей на 55,8 % под действием антиоксидантов, полученные в результате хорошо обоснованных экспериментальных и теоретических исследований, явились весомым аргументом в пользу свободнорадикальной теории старения.
The work is aimed to review the results of scientific studies of the effect of antioxidants-geroprotectors on the aging of experimental animals and the replicative aging of human diploid cells, carried out in the Department of Kinetics of Chemical and Biological Processes «KHIMBIO» of the Institute of Chemical Physics of the USSR Academy of Sciences under the leadership of academician Nikolay Markovich Emanuel in the 1960-1980s after pioneer work by D. Harman. By N.M. Emanuel and colleagues, it was established a previously unknown phenomenon of radical interaction of inhibitors in the oxidation of organic substances, which consists in the regeneration of a more effective inhibitor due to the transfer of a hydrogen atom to its free radical from a molecule of a less effective inhibitor. Antioxidants are polyvalent and can simultaneously affect many stages of aging processes. Data from the N.M. Emanuel scientific school on the increase of the average lifespan of mice by 25,3 % and their maximum lifespan by 55,8 % using antioxidants, discovered at the Institute of Chemical Physics of the USSR Academy of Sciences as a result of well-founded experimental and theoretical studies, became a powerful argument in favor of the free radical theory of aging in 1970-ties. This was further promoted by approaches based on the theory of reliability, the damage theory, and as well as an approach based on oxidative activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which maintains the «nucleophilic tone» of protective oxidoreductases.
LEGAL REGULATION OF HOSPITAL-SUBSTITUTING ASPECTS OF SOCIAL SERVICES FOR ELDERLY AND DISABLED CITIZENS AT HOME
Authors: Чернякина Т.С. , Шестаков В.П. , Кантемирова Р.К. , Свинцов А.А. , Радуто В.И. , Колюка О.Е. , Рочева Я.С. 
Published: November 2021

В статье представлены сведения о значительной численности лиц старше трудоспособного возраста, инвалидов и получателей социальных услуг в стационарной форме и о неблагоприятном прогнозе численности лиц старше 65 лет на 2024 и 2030 гг. в РФ. Это определяет необходимость правового регулирования вопросов их жизнеустройства с соблюдением прав человека и инвалидов на ведение самостоятельного образа жизни. Авторами представлен анализ федеральной и региональной правовой базы в части определения обстоятельств, при которых гражданин признается нуждающимся в социальном обслуживании, участия органов местного самоуправления и подведомственных организаций в оказании социальных услуг, осуществления социального сопровождения, внедрения стационарзамещающих технологий социального обслуживания. В статье рассматриваются тенденции и пути совершенствования правового регулирования социального обслуживания граждан пожилого возраста и инвалидов на дому в ракурсе внедрения стационарзамещающих элементов.
The article presents information about a significant number of people older than working age, disabled people and recipients of social services in stationary form and about the unfavorable forecast of the number of people older than 65 years for 2024 and 2030 in the Russian Federation, which determines the need for legal regulation of their lifestyle issues with respect for human rights to lead an independent lifestyle. The authors present an analysis of the federal and regional legal framework in terms of determining the circumstances under which a citizen is recognized as needing social services, the participation of local self-government bodies and subordinate organizations in the provision of social services, the implementation of social support, the introduction of hospital-substituting social service technologies. The article discusses the trends and ways to improve the legal regulation of social services for elderly and disabled citizens at home from the perspective of the introduction of hospital-substituting elements.
MODERN APPROACH AND GERIATRIC ASPECTS OF TEACHING GERONTOSTOMATOLOGY IN TRAINING SPECIALISTS UNDER THE SPECIALTY PROGRAM
Authors: Иорданишвили А.К. 
Published: November 2021

Стратегия стоматологического обслуживания лиц старших возрастных групп исходит не только из приоритетов, определяемых демографической ситуацией, руководствуется ее развитием, эпидемиологически обоснованной потребностью в стоматологической помощи, но и ее эффективностью, которая должна обусловливаться и базироваться на результатах доказательной медицины и персонифицированного подхода, в реализации которых важную роль играет компетентностный подход в процессе преподавания обучающимся геронтостоматологии в медицинском вузе. Целью работы являлось создание современной методической основы для преподавания раздела «Геронтостоматология» согласно современной учебной программе специалитета медицинского вуза. На основании изучения научных работ, посвященных различным аспектам геронтостоматологии, в статье представлены методические основы для современного преподавания раздела «Геронтостоматология» на специалитете медицинского вуза по основным направлениям подготовки специалиста с учетом современной учебной программы в области кариесологии, некариозных поражений зубов, эндодонтии, пародонтологии, заболеваний слизистой оболочки полости рта и основ оказания ортопедической стоматологической помощи лицам пожилого и старческого возраста.
The strategy of dental care for older age groups is based not only on the priorities determined by the demographic situation, guided by its development, epidemiologically justified need for dental care, but also by its effectiveness, which should be conditioned and based on the results of evidence-based medicine and a personalized approach, in the implementation of which it is important a competence-based approach plays a role in the process of teaching gerontostomatology students at a medical university. The aim of the work was to create a modern methodological basis for teaching the section of gerontostomatology in accordance with the modern curriculum of a specialist in a medical university. Based on the study of scientific works devoted to various aspects of gerontostomatology, the work presents the methodological foundations for modern teaching of the section of gerontostomatology on a specialist in a medical university in the main areas of specialist training, taking into account the modern curriculum in the field of cariesology, non-carious dental lesions, endodontics, periodontology, diseases of the mucous membrane of the cavity and the basics of providing orthopedic dental care to elderly and senile people.
A literatura e o desenvolvimento da consciência crítica: um estudo sobre os impactos da leitura de "Redemoinho em Dia Quente" na equipe executora de um projeto de extensão
Authors: Collaço Scolaro Matias , Da Silva Leonardo , Carrazoni Fagundes Lavinya 
Published: November 2021

Este artigo busca investigar o papel da literatura no desenvolvimento da consciência crítica (FREIRE, 1989). Mais especificamente, objetivamos compreender os efeitos da leitura de uma obra literária entre os participantes da equipe executora do projeto de extensão “Nas Entrelinhas: literatura de autoria feminina no presídio feminino de Itajaí - SC” do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina. Para tanto, realizamos uma entrevista semiestruturada por meio de um grupo focal que incluiu discentes, docentes e voluntários do projeto. O objetivo deste encontro foi de dialogar e refletir - a partir de perguntas norteadoras desenvolvidas pelos pesquisadores - sobre o livro “Redemoinho em dia quente”, de Jarid Arraes (2019). O encontro do grupo focal foi gravado e as falas dos participantes foram transcritas. A partir de uma análise temática dos dados, foi possível identificar oito temas emergentes que evidenciam aspectos importantes sobre a interação dos participantes com a obra. De forma geral, pudemos perceber que (1) os participantes puderam refletir sobre sua vida e sobre questões sociais a partir da leitura da obra, e que (2) o próprio encontro de discussão oportunizou, por meio do diálogo e da troca, a possibilidade de expandir visões e reflexões sobre os temas suscitados pela leitura.
Prevalencia de pseudohipercaliemia en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en terapia hemodialítica
Authors: Sanint Maria Fernanda , Manjarrés Iglesias Gilberto , Restrepo Valencia César Augusto 
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: determinar si a la hipercaliemia prolongada en pacientes en hemodiálisis con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) contribuye en valor significativo la presencia de pseudohipercaliemia (diferencia entre potasio sérico a plasmático mayor a 0.5 mEq/L)
Pacientes: aquellos con ERC en terapia hemodialítica por mas de 12 meses de evolución en quienes se detectara hipercaliemia persistente por más de tres meses.
Material y métodos: determinación simultánea de potasio sérico y plasmático, y adicionalmente las variables sodio sérico, gases arteriales, cuadro hemático completo, glucemia en ayunas, Kt/v y electrocardiograma
Resultados: en 110 pacientes evaluados 17 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, en ellos en 13 (76.47%) se detectó pseudohipercaliemia y en 4 (23.52%) hipercaliemia verdadera (diferencia entre potasio sérico a plasmático menor a 0.5 mEq/L). No se detectaron diferencias significativas entre grupos en las variables analizadas
Conclusión: la pseudohipercaliemia representa un porcentaje muy importante del reporte de hipercaliemias en pacientes con ERC en terapia hemodialítica, y lo ideal en ellos es siempre determinar potasio plasmático. (Acta Med Colomb 2013; 38: 12-15)