bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Post-Traumatic Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in Young Patients with and Without Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) at a Level-1 Trauma Center
Authors: Al-Thani Hassan , Al-Hassani Ammar , El-Menyar Ayman , Asim Mohammad , Fawzy Ibrahim 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of post-traumatic acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in young patients with and without Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support.
Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted for trauma patients who developed ARDS at a level I trauma facility between 2014 and 2020. Data were analyzed and compared between ECMO and non-ECMO group.
Results

We identified 85 patients with ARDS (22 patients had ECMO support and 63 matched patients managed by the conventional mechanical ventilation; 1:3 matching ratio). The two groups were comparable for age, sex, injury severity score, abbreviated injury score, shock index, SOFA score, and head injury. Kaplan Meier survival analysis showed that the survival in the ECMO group was initially close to that of the non-ECMO, however, during follow-up, the survival rate was better in the ECMO group, but did not reach statistical significance (Log-rank, p=0.43 and Tarone-Ware, p=0.37). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that acute kidney injury (AKI) (Odds ratio 13.03; 95% CI 3.17-53.54) and brain edema (Odds ratio 4.80; 95% CI 1.10-21.03) were independent predictors of mortality. Sub-analysis showed that in patients with severe Murray Lung Injury (MLI) scores, non-ECMO group had higher mortality than the ECMO group (100% vs 36.8%, p=0.004).
Conclusion

Although ARDS is uncommon in young trauma patients, it has a high mortality. ECMO therapy was used in a quarter of ARDS cases. AKI and brain edema were the predictors of mortality among ARDS patients. ECMO use did not worsen the outcome in trauma patients; however, the survival was better in those who had severe MLI and ECMO support. Further prospective study is needed to define the appropriate selection criteria for the use of ECMO to optimize the outcomes in trauma patients.
Comparative Phylogenomic Analysis of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases From Fusarium Species
Authors: Dauda Wadzani Palnam , Glen Elkanah , Abraham Peter , Adetunji Charles Oluwaseun , Morumda Daji , Abraham Shittu Emmanuel , Wabba Grace Peter , Ogwuche Israel Ogra , Azameti Mawuli K. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cytochrome P450s (P450s) are a unique multifamily class of enzymes that possess the capability to exhibit catalytic versatility in several biochemical reactions which entails metabolite biosynthesis, primary and secondary metabolism. Fusarium spp. is an important microorganism with many members known to produce secondary metabolites that cause plant diseases and mycotoxicoses in animals and humans. In this present study, from the initially screened 4,579 proteins, we elucidated the nature of abundance, evolutionary relationships, classification and cellular location of 320 cytochrome P450 from 17 phytopathogenic members of Fusarium species. The total CYPs protein sequences were phylogenetically grouped into seventeen (17) clades. Eighty-six (86) CYPs families and forty-eight (48) clans were identified. Twenty-seven (27) families were each found in only one species. The CYPs were found to be majorly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. The non-ribosomal peptide synthetase-like (NRPS-like) gene cluster was the predominant secondary metabolic-related gene cluster across all the seventeen selected Fusarium species except in F. cucurbiticola and F. solani, where PolyKetide Synthase (PKS) was the most prevalent. The presence of numerous families and clans as observed in in this study shows the expansions of the CYPs families across Fusarium species, this CYPs family and clan expansion is often associated with the evolvement of several fungal traits that include their pathogenicity adaptation to survive on an extensive range of toxic substrates. Identification of P450 proteins in these pathogenic fungi provides fundamental information for further basic and applied biological research into the physiological and toxigenic roles of P450s in Fusarium species.
Characterisation of Disease Patterns of Dermatomyositis with Different Initial Manifestations
Authors: Sun Yue , Li Dai-Feng , Zhang Yin-Li , Xu Liang , Li Tian-Fang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To study the characteristics and prognosis of dermatomyositis (DM) with different initial symptoms.
Patients and methods:
A retrospective analysis was performed on the patients who were first diagnosed with DM from 1 Jan. 2019 to 1 Jan. 2021. According to different initial symptoms, patients were divided into five groups, including rash, myasthenia, arthritis, respiratory symptom and atypical symptom group. Clinical and laboratory data were recorded. All patients were followed up until 31st May 2021.
Results
In total 136 patients, rash (40%) was the most common initial symptoms of DM, followed by respiratory symptoms (22%), arthritis (20%), muscle weakness (10%) and atypical symptoms (8%). Rash groups and atypical groups had a higher positive rate of anti-TIF1γ antibodies than arthritis groups and respiratory symptom groups (P < 0.05). Respiratory symptom and arthritis groups had a higher positive rate of anti-Ro52 antibodies than rash and myasthenia groups (P < 0.05). Respiratory groups had a higher incidence of ILD than rash and atypical groups. The FVC and DLCO in respiratory group were significantly lower than rash, arthritis and atypical groups (P < 0.05). The 3-year survival rate of rash groups was significantly higher than myasthenia groups and arthritis groups (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
DM patients with different initial manifestations had different pulmonary function tests, myositis antibodies and prognosis.
Comparison of the Floristic Composition and Diversity of Two Wetlands in Ethiopian
Authors: Moges Admasu , Dibaba Abyot 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to determine and compare the floristic composition and diversity indices of Washa and Borale Wetlands, located in Central Ethiopian. As revealed in the result, 74 species belonging to 26 families, and 57 genera were identified. Asteraceae and Poaceae were the most dominant families contributing 24.56% and 14.04% to the total genera, and 20.27% and 16.22% to the total species identified, respectively. Of the total, about 92% plant species were herbs, whereas 1% was climber, the least one. The alpha diversity of the Washa and Borale wetlands were 51 and 64, respectively. The average richness of the Washa and Borale wetlands were 12.3 ±0.91, and 15.35 ± 0.89, respectively. Likewise, the Shannon diversity (H’) and evenness (E) of Washa and Borale sites were 2.24 and 0.87, and 2.67 and 0.97 respectively. Accordingly, based on their average values, the diversity, evenness and richness indices were higher in Borale than Washa sites, and showed significance difference between the two wetlands (P < 0.05). Likewise, in both sites, especially in Borale, the majority of the species were native, annual and upland, implying the suitability of the wetlands to these native, but to annual and upland invaders due to the ecological and hydrological modifications of the wetlands, and competitive exclusion of the native aquatic plants by upland annual plants. Generally, many of the wetlands’ species were annual and upland invaders. Hence, in-situ and ex-situ strategic plans are required for restoring the wetlands via giving priority.
Evaluation of Neoproterozoic Source Rock Potential in SE Pakistan and Adjacent Bikaner- Nagaur Basin India Based on Integrated Geochemical, Geological, and Geophysical Data
Authors: Yasin Qamar , Baklouti Syrine , Sohail Ghulam Mohyuddin , Asif Muhammad , Xufei Gong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Discoveries of heavy crude oil in the Neoproterozoic rocks (Infracambrian rock sequence) from the Bikaner-Nagaur Basin of India emphasizes the significance to study and explore the Neoproterozoic source rocks potential in the southeastern part of Pakistan. This study evaluates the potential of the source rock in the Infracambrian rock sequence (Salt Range Formation) based on surface geochemical surveys, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, source biomarkers, geophysical characterization, and seismic inversion using machine learning for maturity index estimation. Core samples of Infracambrian rock were extracted for Rock-Eval pyrolysis and biomarker characterization. Also, 81 geo-microbial soil and gas samples were collected from the surface to explore the petroleum system and potential source rocks in the subsurface. We followed the standard laboratory procedures to investigate the origin and concentration of hydrocarbons gases at the surface, thermal maturity, the source facies, and the environment of deposition of organic matter. The results show that the investigated samples are characterized by restricted marine clay devoid of carbonate source facies with thermal maturity in the early-stage of the oil generation window. Surface geochemical samples also confirm higher concentrations of thermogenic C2-C4 hydrocarbons over the vicinity of anticlinal structures proving the existence of an effective migration path along deep-seated faults to the surface. The inverted maturity index profile demonstrates a reasonable correlation of thermal maturity with the surface geochemical survey, source biomarkers, and Rock-Eval pyrolysis. It validates the reliability of multilayer linear calculator and particle swarm optimization algorithms for inverting seismic reflection data into a maturity index profile. The obtained results indicate a higher probability of heavy and light oil along the eastern flank of Pakistan, where Infracambrian rocks are thicker and more thermally mature, and deep-seated pledged structural closures occur, in comparison to the Bikaner-Nagaur Basin, India.
A Nomogram for Predicting In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Takotsubo Syndrome
Authors: Chen Jun , Wang Yimin , Shou Xinyang , Liu Qiang , Mei Ziwei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Despite the large number of studies focus on the prognosis and in-hospital outcomes risk factors of patients with takotsubo syndrome, there was still lack of utility and visual risk prediction model for predicting the in-hospital mortality of patients with takotsubo syndrome.
OBJECTIVES
Our study aimed to establish a utility risk prediction model for the prognosis of in-hospital patients with takotsubo syndrome (TTS).
METHODS
The study is a retrospective cohort study. Model of in-hospital mortality of TTS patients was developed by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Calibration and discrimination were used to assess the performance of the nomogram. The clinical utility of the model was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA).
RESULTS
Overall, 368 TTS patients (320 Survivals and 48 deaths) were included in our research from MIMIC-IV database. The incidence of in-hospital mortality with TTS is 13.04%. Lasso regression and multivariate logistic regression model verified that potassium, pt, age, myocardial infarction, WBC, hematocrit, anion gap and SOFA score were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality of TTS patients. The nomogram demonstrated a good discrimination with a AUC of ROC 0.811(95%Cl: 0.746-0.876) in training set and 0.793(95%Cl: 0.724-0.862) in test set. The calibration plot of risk prediction model showed predicted probabilities against observed death rates indicated excellent concordance. DCA showed that the nomogram has good clinical benefits.
Conclusion
We developed a nomogram that predict hospital mortality in patients with TTS according to clinical data. The nomogram exhibited excellent discrimination and calibration capacity, favoring its clinical utility.
G-domain prediction across the diversity of G protein families
Authors: Sanghavi Hiral , Rashmi Richa , Dasgupta Anirban , Majumdar Sharmistha 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Guanine nucleotide binding proteins are characterized by a structurally and mechanistically conserved GTP-binding domain (G domain), indispensable for binding GTP. The G domain comprises five adjacent consensus motifs called G boxes, which are separated by amino acid spacers of different lengths. Several G proteins, discovered over time, are characterized by diverse function and sequence. This sequence diversity is also observed in the G box motifs (specifically the G5 box) as well as the inter-G box spacer length. The Spacers and Mismatch Algorithm (SMA) introduced in this study can predict G-domains in a given protein sequence, based on user-specified constraints for approximate G-box patterns and inter-box gaps in each G protein family. The SMA parameters can be customized as more G proteins are discovered and characterized structurally. Family-specific G box motifs including the less characterized G5 box were predicted with higher accuracy. Overall, our analysis suggests the possible classification of G protein families based on family-specific G box sequences and lengths of inter-G box spacers.
SMA can be implemented via a web-based server at https://labs.iitgn.ac.in/datascience/gboxes/
Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Pre- Versus Post-operative Radiotherapy for Patients With Oral Cancer
Authors: Silfverschiöld Maria , Carlwig Kristin , Greiff Lennart , Nilsson Per , Wennerberg Johan , Zackrisson Björn , Östensson Ellinor , Sjövall Johanna 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Treatment for resectable oral cavity cancer (OCC) often includes combinations of surgery and radiotherapy (RT), but there is no conclusive information on by which order these measures are best administered. The aim of this study was to assess cost-effectiveness of two alternative treatment regimens for patients with OCC, reflecting pre-and post-operative RT.Methods: The study was performed on data from the ARTSCAN 2 randomised, controlled trial, which compares pre-operative accelerated RT with post-operative conventionally fractionated RT. Two-hundred-fifty patients were randomised and 240 were eligible for treatment outcomes. Costs were retrieved from the hospital’s economic systems and national registries. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated, and a sensitivity analysis was performed. Overall survival (OS) was used as effect measure in the analysis.Results: Two-hundred-nine patients completed the treatment and had retrievable data on costs. There was no statistically significant difference in OS between the treatment modalities (log-rank p=0.23). OS at three years was 67% and 74% for pre- and post-operative RT, respectively. Mean direct costs per patient were € 65 958 for pre-operative RT and € 53 172 for post-operative RT, while indirect costs were € 75 874 and € 73 184, respectively. All projected results indicated that post-operative RT was cost-effective in comparison to pre-operative RT.Conclusions: Post-operative RT for patients with resectable OCC is cost-effective compared to pre-operative RT.
Copper Phosphotungstate-Catalyzed Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural In A Biphasic System
Authors: Castro Gabriel Abranches Dias , Lopes Neide Paloma Gonçalves , Fernandes Sergio Antonio , Silva Márcio José da 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we have described a novel route to produce 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a valuable platform-molecule obtained from biomass, using transition metal-exchanged Keggin heteropolyacid salts as catalysts, in microwave-assisted reactions carried out in a water-ethyl acetate biphasic system. To avoid the use of homogenous Brønsted acid catalysts, which are corrosive and difficult to be reused, we have exchanged the protons of the Keggin heteropolyacids by transition metal cations. These salts were evaluated in the fructose dehydration, being the Cu3/2PW12O40 the most active and selective catalyst, achieving 81 % of HMF yield, after 15 min reaction at 413 K under microwave irradiation (MWI). The effects of metal cation, anion, and heteropolyanion present in the catalyst were evaluated. The greatest efficiency of Cu3/2PW12O40 was attributed to its high Lewis acidity strength, which allows that it coordinate with water molecules, consequently generating H3O+ ions in the reaction medium. Even though the catalyst has been water-soluble, it was easily reused removing the extracting phase, and adding a new load of the substrate to the remaining aqueous phase. This way, it was successfully reused without loss activity.
Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) and Choosing by Advantages (CBA) to Determine the Optimal Location for Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Farms
Authors: Goh Hui Hwang , Li Chunyu , Zhang Dongdong , Dai Wei , Lim Chee Shen , Kurniawan Tonni Agustiono , Goh Kai Chen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Solar energy is a critical component of the energy development strategy. The location of solar photovoltaic (PV) plants has a significant impact on the cost of power production. A favorable situation would result in significant cost savings and increased electricity generation efficiency. California is located in the United States of America's southwest region, a place blessed with an abundance of solar energy. In recent years, the state's economy and population have expanded quickly, resulting in increased need for power. The study examines south of California for an area that is well-suited for the building of large photovoltaic (PV) plants to meet local electricity needs. To begin, this article imposed some limits on the selection of three potential solar project locations (S1, S2, and S3). Then, a more systematic approach to solar plant site selection was presented, focusing on five major characteristics (economic, technological, social, geographical, and environmental). This is the first time that the Choosing by Advantages (CBA) approach has been used to determine the locations of photovoltaic (PV) plants, with possible locations ranked S2>S1>S3. It was compared to more classic methodologies such as Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). The findings of this study suggest that the CBA strategy not only streamlines the solar plant selection process, but also more closely aligns with the objectives and desires of investors.
Detection of Candidate Gene LsACOS5 and Development of InDel Marker for Male Sterility by DdRAD-Seq and Whole-Genome Sequencing in Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.)
Authors: seki kousuke 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A new breeding method of F1 hybrid using male sterility would open an exciting frontier in lettuce breeding, a self-pollinating crop. Male sterility is a crucial trait in F1 hybrid breeding. It is essential to map the causative gene for using male sterility. The ms-S, male-sterile gene of ‘CGN17397’, was mapped to LG8 by double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq) and narrowed down between two markers using two F2 populations. This region spans approximately 10.16 Mb, where 94 genes were annotated according to the lettuce reference genome sequence (version8 from crisphead cultivar ‘Salinas’). The whole-genome sequencing of the male-sterile and fertile lines of ‘CGN17397’ revealed that only one gene differed in the area of Lsat_1_v5_gn_8_148221.1, a homolog of Arabidopsis acyl-CoA synthetase5 (AtACOS5), and was deleted in the male-sterile lines. It was reported that AtACOS5 was needed for pollen wall formation and that the null mutants of AtACOS5 were entirely male sterility. Thus, I concluded that Lsat_1_v5_gn_8_148221.1 designated as LsACOS5 was a biologically plausible candidate gene for the ms-S locus. By using the structural polymorphism of LsACOS5, an insertion/deletion (InDel) marker was developed to select the male-sterile trait. The results obtained here provide valuable information for the genic male-sterility in lettuce.
Efficacy and Safety of PD-1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Locally Advanced and Advanced NSCLC Patients With Chronic Viral Infection
Authors: Zhao Zhiting , Hu Ran , Chen Yan , Zhou Guoren , Yu Shaorong , Lu Jianwei , Feng Jifeng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
IntroductionImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become new research hotspots in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, but the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy for patients with chronic viral infection are still unclear, because existing clinical trials often exclude those patients. Methods We identified 78 locally advanced or advanced NSCLC patients with chronic viral infection treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors alone or combined with the chemotherapy/bevacizumab therapy, of whom 60 with hepatitis B, 2 with hepatitis C, and 16 with syphilis. Objective response rates were assessed using the RECIST v1.1. Adverse events were graded following the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0. ResultsObjective responses were observed in 19 out of 78(24.36%) patients, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 69.23% (54/78). No patient achieved a complete response. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 6.49 months (95% CI:3.71-9.27). PFS was 1.44 months (95%CI:0.00-4.34) for monotherapy versus 7.34 months (95%CI:4.50-10.18) for combination therapy (P=0.053). Patients in the first-line treatment group revealed relatively higher ORR and longer PFS (ORR: 48.00% vs. 13.20%, P = 0.001; PFS: 7.67 months vs. 5.57 months, P = 0.129). Patients with combined radiotherapy showed longer PFS than those without combined radiotherapy (14.07 vs.4.62, P=0.027). The incidence of adverse events of any grade was 73.07% (57/78), among which there were 7 cases of grade 4 adverse events. The incidence of leukopenia was the highest (57.69%), followed by anemia (25.64%) and elevated hepatic transaminase (24.36%). Hepatic transaminase increased in 26.7% (16/60) of HBV patients, and remained unchanged in 65.0% (39/60) patients.ConclusionsThe PD-1 inhibitor showed an acceptable toxicity profile and moderate efficacy on locally advanced and advanced NSCLC patients with chronic viral infection, but still has the potential to increase the incidence of hepatitis. We recommend that those patients be monitored closely and treated with antiviral therapy.