bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and theoretical analysis of Dy3+-doped fiber lasers for efficient yellow emission
Authors: Amin M. Z. , Jackson S. D. , Majewski M. R. 
Published: May 2021

We report a detailed experimental and theoretical analysis of the

4

F

9

/

2

to

6

H

13

/

2

lasing transition of a dysprosium (

D
y

3
+

)-doped ZBLAN fiber, a strong candidate for future compact and highly efficient yellow laser emission. Experimentally, we used a gallium nitride laser diode emitting at 447 nm as a pump source and measured yellow laser output generated with a maximum slope efficiency of 33%, which is less than half of the Stokes limit (of

∼

78
%

). This result is commensurate with two other reports of yellow emission from

D
y

3
+

. As a result, we developed a numerical model to understand and analyze the improvement potential of this fiber laser system. For reliable spectroscopic data input to the numerical model, we measured the absorption and emission cross sections from

D
y

3
+

-doped ZBLAN glass. We investigated the potential causes of the low experimental slope efficiency and found contributions from the background loss of the fiber and excited-state absorption (ESA) of the intracavity yellow light. We estimated the signal re-absorption cross section using the emission cross section and the McCumber relation, which was subsequently used in our numerical model to compare successfully with our experimental results. We show that the ESA can be reduced for future

D
y

3
+

-doped yellow laser systems by cascade lasing or co-doping with a suitable rare earth ion desensitizer.
Diabetes in a TB and HIV-endemic South African population: Analysis of a virtual cohort using routine health data
Authors: Tamuhla Tsaone , Dave Joel A. , Raubenheimer Peter , Tiffin Nicki 
Published: May 2021

Background
It is widely accepted that people living with diabetes (PLWD) are at increased risk of infectious disease, yet there is a paucity of epidemiology studies on the relationship between diabetes and infectious disease in SSA. In a region with a high burden of infectious disease, this has serious consequences for PLWD.

Methods and findings
Using routinely collected longitudinal health data, we describe the epidemiology of diabetes in a large virtual cohort of PLWD who have a high burden of HIV and TB, from the Khayelitsha subdistrict in the Western Cape Province in South Africa. We described the relationship between previous TB, newly diagnosed TB disease and HIV infection on diabetes using HbA1c results as an outcome measure. The study population was predominately female (67%), 13% had a history of active TB disease and 18% were HIV positive. The HIV positive group had diabetes ascertained at a significantly younger age (46 years c.f. 53 years respectively, p<0.001) and in general had increased HbA1c values over time after their HIV diagnosis, when compared to the HIV-negative group. There was no evidence of TB disease influencing the trajectory of glycaemic control in the long term, but diabetes patients who developed active TB had higher mortality than those without TB (12.4% vs 6.7% p-value < 0.001). HIV and diabetes are both chronic diseases whose long-term management includes drug therapy, however, only 52.8% of the study population with an HIV-diabetes comorbidity had a record of diabetes treatment. In addition, the data suggest overall poor glycaemic control in the study population with only 24.5% of the participants having an HbA1c <7% at baseline despite 85% of the study population being on diabetes treatment.

Conclusion
The epidemiologic findings in this exploratory study highlight the need for further research into diabetes outcomes in a high TB and HIV burden setting and demonstrate that routine health data are a valuable resource for understanding disease epidemiology in the general population.
DAMPAK PANDEMI CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19) DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Danurahman Jeni , Kusdarini Eny 
Published: May 2021

Indonesia dikenal dengan sistem hukum campuran, perubahan-perubahan sosial yang terjadi saat ini dipengaruhi kuat oleh pembangunan negara-negara modern, yaitu perkembangan mendasar mengenai kemajuan akan teknologi. Manusia saat ini dituntut untuk hidup segala sesuatu serba cepat efektif dan efisien dalam mengerjakan segala aktivitas dengan dukungan pesatnya Teknologi. Wabah pandemi coronavirus disease (Covid-19) berdampak pada seluruh sektor di dunia tak terkecuali di Indonesia. Pemerintah sudah membuat kebijakan dan menghimbau untuk work from home yang membuat seluruh aktivitas pekerjaan dikerjakan di rumah dengan memanfaatkan teknologi sekaligus upaya untuk memutus rantai penyebaran Covid-19. Maka dari itu perlu hukum modern yang didasarkan pada dinamika tentang kebutuhan masyarakat di era digital ini karena akan merubah tatanan kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara.
Kulturális értékeink megbecsüléséről
Authors: Biernaczky Szilárd 
Published: May 2021

Biernaczky Szilárd a következő műveket mutatta be:
John Mack: Emil Torday and the Art of the CongoSzilasi Ildikó: Torday Emil nyomában - Kongó (Fotó: Lóránt Attila)
Genderkérdések és mobilitás Afrikában
Authors: Földváry Bernadett 
Published: May 2021

Földváry Bernadett a következő művet mutatta be:
Hiralal, Kalpana – Jinnah, Zaheera (szerk.): Gender and Mobility in Africa – Borders, Bodies and Boundaries. 2018, Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 259
Bojkottált Maghreb, észak-afrikai térségi fellendülés - a nyugat-szaharai válság magyar szemmel
Authors: A. Gergely András 
Published: May 2021

A. Gergely András a következő művet mutatta be:
Besenyő János: Magyarország és a nyugat-szaharai válság. Monarchia Kiadó – Óbudai Egyetem, Biztonságtudományi Doktori iskola, Afrika Kutató Központ 2020.
Undergraduates as course creators: Reflections on starting and sustaining a student-faculty partnership
Authors: Spencer Brooke , Tori Katerina , Campbell Robert 
Published: May 2021

We reflect on a grassroots partnership to create a new sophomore seminar, “Precision medicine or privileged medicine?” The course puts students in the driver’s seat to explore problems with inclusiveness and quality of biomedical research. It also emphasizes the relevance of “soft skills”, such as emotional intelligence, to build trust, understand inequities and involve patients as partners to improve research.
After developing the course, we felt our experience could interest students and faculty interested in pedagogical co-design, especially where this is not supported by a specific initiative. Ours was a multi-year partnership spearheaded by a sophomore, a senior and a volunteer adjunct associate professor. While we made important use of existing university programs, there was no umbrella initiative or overall sponsor to support student-faculty partnerships from first ideas through new course implementation. This meant we operated with both uncertainty and creativity regarding process, continuity and funding.
In this essay we reflect on experiences that formed and facilitated our partnership, from our first conversations through course approval. We look at how our partnership became one of pedagogical co-design and shaped an inclusive, real-world problem-oriented course for undergraduates. Our reflections may help students interested in teaching and course development looking to develop relationships with faculty members in which they feel heard and valued. Furthermore, we hope to encourage faculty members looking to create a course that prioritizes student experience, goals, and feedback, through development of collaborative and mutually beneficial partnerships with undergraduates.
A rare mutation of thyroid hormone receptor beta gene in thyroid hormone resistance syndrome
Authors: Del Prete Michela , Muratori Fabrizio , Campi Irene , Di Sacco Gianleone , Vignati Federico , Pellegrino Domenico , Persani Luca 
Published: May 2021

Summary
Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is a rare hereditary syndrome with impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormones (TH) and reduced intracellular action of triiodothyronine (T3) caused by genetic variants of TH receptor beta (TRB) or alpha (TRA). RTH type beta (RTHβ) due to dominant negative variants in the TRB gene usually occurs with persistent elevation of circulating free TH, non-suppressed serum TSH levels responding to a thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) test, an absence of typical symptoms of hyperthyroidism and goiter. Here, we present a rare variant in the TRB gene reported for the first time in an Italian patient with generalized RTHβ syndrome. The patient showed elevated TH, with non-suppressed TSH levels and underwent thyroid surgery two different times for multinodular goiter. The genetic test showed a heterozygous mutation in exon 9 of the TRB gene resulting in the replacement of threonine (ACG) with methionine (ATG) at codon 310 (p.M310T). RTHβ syndrome should be considered in patients with elevated TH, non-suppressed TSH levels and goiter.

Learning points

Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome with impaired tissue responsiveness to thyroid hormones (TH).

Diagnosis of RTH is usually based on the clinical finding of discrepant thyroid function tests and confirmed by a genetic test.

RTH is a rare condition that must be considered for the management of patients with goiter, elevation of TH and non-suppressed serum TSH levels in order to avoid unnecessary treatments.
An effect analysis of cooling water direction towards condensate oil from scrap tires
Authors: Suyitno Budhi M , Pane Erlanda Augupta , Libyawati Wina , Jelita Chatrine , Sukma Hendri , Ismail Ismail 
Published: May 2021

The application of pyrolysis for the thermal decomposition of tire waste can be taken as the ideal concept to reduce and recycle tire waste. The product of the process can produce condensate oil, a typical oil that is close to crude oil properties. The critical aspect of the pyrolysis process is the design of the reactor, particularly for the condenser where the rate of heat transfer contributes to the overall quality and quantity of the produced condensate oil. This study focused on the effect of water flow direction on the condensation process of pyrolysis gas. The quantity and quality of the produced oil are examined to observe the effect of the condensation process. Two different water flow directions are tested in the process, namely, counter flow and parallel flow direction. The effect of water flow direction in the condenser clearly affects the pyrolysis process to produce the condensate oil. Based on the production quantity, the counter flow condenser is able to produce 355 ml of condensate oil while the parallel flow one merely 290 ml. Based on the quality of the produced condensate oil, the counter flow condenser is generally better than the parallel flow one where the density, flash point and viscosity are close to crude oil properties. The rate of heat transfer from the condenser to the pyrolysis gas is the main factor that contributes to the quality and quantity of the condensate oil. The average heat transfer for the counter and parallel flow is 2,728 W and 1,865 W, respectively. It can be said that using the counter flow condenser for the pyrolysis reactor can improve the quality and quantity of the condensate oil
Development of white tea extract as green corrosion inhibitor in mild steel under 1 M hydrochloric acid solution
Authors: Kaban Agus Paul Setiawan , Ridhova Aga , Priyotomo Gadang , Elya Berna , Maksum Ahmad , Sadeli Yunita , Sutopo Sutopo , Aditiyawarman Taufik , Riastuti Rini , Soedarsono Johny Wahyuadi 
Published: May 2021

This work covers the effectiveness of the White tea extract as a green corrosion inhibitor and is correlated to the strength and stability bonding between the phenolic molecule and the Fe atoms in mild steel and how this interaction can be studied by altering the concentration and temperature. White tea has received considerable attention due to its capability as a corrosion inhibitor and has been extensively studied using electrochemical techniques. However, accurate and systematic functional group identification and surface modification have been missing. Our study sought to demonstrate the quantitative measurement of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) complemented by the FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), Total Phenolic Test, and Raman Spectroscopy. The SEM (Scanning Electronic Microscope)/EDX (Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy), and AFM (Atomic Force Microscope) were used to study the surface modification. The EIS results show that the optimum inhibition efficiency was 96 % in a solution of 80 ppm at 60 °C. Acetone 70 % was used to extract White tea and gives 14.17±0.25 % phenolic compound. Spectroscopic studies show -OH, Aromatic C=C, C=O and C-O-C become major contributors in the adsorption process and are found on the surface of metals as corrosion protection. Meanwhile, the thermodynamic calculation shows the White tea was adsorbed chemically. The nearness of R2 to 1 shows the adsorption agrees with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Eventually, the surface modification revealed that phenol molecules are responsible to reduce the corrosion rate at 16.38×10-3 mpy. Our results are expected to provide a guideline for future research in White tea as a green corrosion inhibitor
Tensile strength and thermal cycle analysis of AA6061 friction weld joints with different diameters and various friction times
Authors: Irawan Yudy Surya , Choiron Moch Agus , Suprapto Wahyono 
Published: May 2021

The paper reports measurement of tensile strength and the thermal cycle of AA6061 aluminum alloy circular bar friction weld with different diameters and various friction times. A continuous drive friction welding (CDFW) of AA6061 was conducted to weld the AA6061 circular bar with different diameters of 30 mm for the rotating part and 15 mm for the stationary part. The CDFW process was carried out with the revolution speed of 1,600 rpm, the initial compressive force of 2.8 kN during the friction stage for various friction times of 10, 12, and 14 seconds, and an upset force of 28 kN for 60 seconds. The flash temperature was measured using a digital infrared thermometer gun. Computer simulation using the finite element method was also done by coupling transient thermal and static structural methods. The flash temperature becomes higher along with increasing friction time based on the digital infrared thermometer gun measurement and finite element analysis. The results of tensile strength testing show that the specimen with a friction time of 12 seconds has the highest tensile strength. Based on the hardness testing result, it is found that the specimen with a friction time of 10 seconds has higher hardness, but it has an incomplete joint flash so that the tensile strength is lower than that of the specimen with a friction time of 12 seconds. Besides, the hardness of the specimen with a friction time of 12 seconds is higher than that of the specimen with a friction time of 14 seconds. The flash size becomes bigger along with the increase of the friction time based on the macrostructure observation on the longitudinal section of the CDFW specimen. It is confirmed by the temperature measurement and finite element analysis that the specimen with a friction time of 12 seconds has heat input to form the CDFW joint that has a maximum tensile strength in the range of this study
Analytical study of auto-balancing within the framework of the flat model of a rotor and an auto-balancer with a single cargo
Authors: Filimonikhin Gennadiy , Olijnichenko Lubov , Strautmanis Guntis , Haleeva Antonina , Hruban Vasyl , Lysenko Olexandr , Mezitis Mareks , Valiavskyi Ivan 
Published: May 2021

This paper reports the analytically established conditions for the onset of auto-balancing for the case of a flat rotor model on isotropic elastic-viscous supports and an auto-balancer with a single load. The rotor is statically unbalanced, the rotation axis is vertical. The auto-balancer has a single cargo – a pendulum, a ball, or a roller. The balancing capacity of the cargo is equal to the rotor imbalance.
The physical-mathematical model of the system is described. The differential equations of motion are recorded in dimensionless form relative to the coordinate system that rotates synchronously with the rotor. The so-called main movement has been found; in it, the cargo synchronously rotates with the rotor and balances it. The differential equations of motion are linearized in the neighborhood of the main movement. A characteristic equation has been constructed. It helped investigate the stability of the main movement (an auto-balancing mode) for the cases of the absence and presence of resistance forces in the system.
It was established that in the absence of resistance forces in the system:
– the rotor has three characteristic rotational speeds, and the first always coincides with the resonance frequency;
– auto-balancing occurs when the rotor rotates at speeds between the first and second ones, and above the third characteristic speed;
– the value of the second and third characteristic speeds is significantly influenced by the ratio of weight to the mass of the system;
– the second and third characteristic speeds monotonously increase with an increase in the ratio of cargo weight to the mass of the system.
Resistance forces significantly affect both the values of the second and third characteristic speeds and the conditions of their existence. Small resistance forces do not change the quality behavior of the system. With high resistance forces, the number of characteristic speeds decreases to one.
The paper reports the results applicable to an auto-balancer with many cargoes when it balances the imbalance that equals the balancing capacity of the auto-balancer
Development of а matrix of food industry capacity for making management decisions in the formation of sustainable development of agroecosystems
Authors: Andriushchenko Kateryna , Datsii Oleksandr , Lavruk Oksana , Dmytrenko Ruslan , Kutashev Igor , Vіnіchenko Igor , Mishchenko Dmytro , Kakhovych Yulia , Pivovarov Konstantin , Ortina Ganna 
Published: May 2021

A theoretical and methodological study was carried out to determine the need and features of developing a matrix of food industry capacity for making management decisions in the formation of sustainable development of agroecosystems, which will increase the operational efficiency of companies and food security of the country. The paper uses the following research methods: historical – in the process of studying modern views on understanding the importance of the agricultural sector for the economy; system analysis – when building a model of innovative business improvement. Methods of comparison and analysis of trends – the study of trends in the agricultural sector of Ukraine with the identification of important areas for improving their activities. Methods of financial analysis – for the analytical assessment of financial and economic activities of the investigated enterprises; forecasting methods – to substantiate the expected results of implementing the author's proposals in management practice. It is proposed to take into account the significant difference in the technology of their processing and production (number of advanced technologies used per 100 thousand people). The paper reveals the dependence of production technologies in agriculture on natural and weather conditions (share of technological innovation costs, %). Criteria for innovation skills in the development of agricultural engineering were proposed. The criteria were determined, which were divided into development groups. The tools for constructing a matrix of food industry capacity were substantiated. Note that for each indicator, the optimal value was determined taking into account the sensitivity factor and the rating of enterprises, which determined their place in the matrix. In the course of the study and the matrix of innovative development, the proposed technology was tested at leading domestic enterprises
Computer simulation of logarithmic transformation function to expand the range of high-precision measurements
Authors: Shcherban’ Volodymyr , Korogod Ganna , Kolysko Oksana , Kolysko Mariana , Shcherban’ Yury , Shchutska Ganna 
Published: May 2021

Studies of the effect of normalized radiation fluxes on the measurement result revealed the most influential one. The value of the normalized flow F0 was shown to have a greater effect on the relative measurement error than ΔF0. This allows investigating the relationship between the controlled Fx and the normalized flow F0. Experimental studies have confirmed that by a threefold increase in the normalized flow F0 relative to the controlled flow Fx, it becomes possible to increase the measurement accuracy in a wide range. In particular, it was found that at the flux value F0=0.16×10-3 W, it becomes possible to measure the controlled flow in a wider range Fх=(0.16×10-3÷0.97×10-3) W with a relative error of thousandths of a percent. The effect of the reproduction error on the measurement result under the condition of a threefold increase in the normalized flow F0 relative to the controlled flow Fх is shown. It was found that an increase in the reproduction error of the normalized radiation fluxes by 1 order leads to a narrowing of the range in which the value of the relative error tends to zero. It is shown that in the absence of a threefold increase in the normalized flow F0, an increase in the reproduction error of the normalized flows by 1 order leads to individual cases of reduction in the relative error to small-order values. The latter, by the way, applies to cases where the ratio between the normalized F0 and controlled flow Fx, as 3 to 1, is ensured. It is shown that the reproduction error of the dark flow does not affect the measurement result.Thus, there is reason to believe that it is possible to expand the measurement range, in which the value of the relative error is thousandths of a percent, even for 1 measurement cycle
Improving the algorithm of choosing spacing and number of stiff supports against a concentrated force in steel-concrete beams
Authors: Petrov Anatoliy , Paliy Andriy , Naumenko Artem , Sheptun Serhii , Ihnatenko Maryna , Vysochin Ivan , Kononenko Yana , Yurchenko Oksana , Dedilova Tetiana , Paliy Anatoliy 
Published: May 2021

A steel-concrete beam was taken as the study object. The algorithm of selecting the number of stiff supports for the steel-concrete beam loaded with a concentrated lateral force in the middle of the span has been refined. Stiff supports served to join the steel strip with concrete to ensure their joint performance. The algorithm was refined based on the condition of equality of the longitudinal force in the steel strip from the action of the calculated load and the maximum longitudinal force obtained after setting the supports. In this case, the longitudinal forces in all stiff supports, as well as the spacing of the stiff supports should be the same.
A disadvantage of the known algorithm consists in the complexity of determining the coefficient φb2 taking into account the effect of long-term concrete creep on the element deformation without cracks. This coefficient fluctuates widely and depends on many factors. Besides, it is also insufficiently studied.
Calculations for determining the number and spacing of stiff supports in a steel-concrete beam were conducted according to the proposed algorithm and in the Lira software package. The forces acting on the supports and spacing of the supports were the same. The force acting in the support was 8941.5 N. When selecting characteristics of the steel-concrete beam, maximum longitudinal force in the steel strip was obtained. The longitudinal force amounted to 35726 N. The same longitudinal force was obtained from the diagram of longitudinal forces obtained after setting the supports.
This study was aimed at improving the design of steel-concrete beams. A rational number and placement of stiff supports ensure savings: the required amount of building materials is reduced and their cost is reduced due to cutting labor costs for their manufacture and operation