bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Post-Mastectomy Radiotherapy in Immediate Breast Reconstruction – Results from the iBRA-2 Cohort Study
Authors: Rattay Tim , Trickey Adam , O'Connell Rachel L , Dave Rajiv V , Skillman Joanna , Barnes Nicola LP , Gardiner Matthew D , Holcombe Chris , Potter Shelley 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
PurposeLong-term data indicates that post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) is associated with improved overall survival in all node-positive breast cancer patients. Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) remains controversial in the context of planned PMRT, but rates of IBR are increasing. The aim of this study was to examine current practice of PMRT in patients undergoing mastectomy +/- IBR.MethodsData were collected from 2,526 patients enrolled in the iBRA-2 prospective cohort study undergoing mastectomy +/- IBR between 1st July and 31st December 2016, recruited consecutively at 71 centres across the United Kingdom, Ireland, and five international centres.ResultsOf a total of 2,590 breast procedures included in the analysis, 696 were implant-based, 105 pedicled flap and 230 free-flap reconstruction. 31.4% of implant-based, 34.3% of pedicled, and 32.5% of free-flap reconstructions were recommended for PMRT. PMRT recommendation by cancer stage was 21% for T1-2 N0, 65% for T1-2 N1, and 89% for Tany N2 and T3 Nany disease. On multivariate analysis, patients undergoing IBR were no less likely to be recommended for PMRT than patients having mastectomy only. However, patients in Northern Ireland/Ireland, the North of England, and Scotland were less likely to be recommended for PMRT.ConclusionAlthough IBR was more likely to be performed for lower stage cancers and younger patients with fewer co-morbidities, patients undergoing IBR were no less likely to be recommended for PMRT, irrespective of reconstruction technique. This study also highlighted regional variation in PMRT practice within the UK which merits further investigation.
Effect of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes on Aerobic Metabolism of Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
Authors: Liu Lian , Liang Chun-lan , Fan Wei , Zhong Jing-Xiang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To investigate the effect of exosomes secreted by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSC-Exo) on aerobic metabolism of cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-induced oxidative damage in human retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19, and to explore the protective mechanism of HUCMSC-Exo on oxidative damage in ARPE-19 cells.
Methods

HUCMSC-Exo were extracted and identified; JC-1 flow cytometry was used to detect the effects of exosomes with different concentrations on the apoptosis of oxidatively damaged ARPE-19 cells. The effects of exosomes with different concentrations on the activity of oxidative metabolic enzymes (oxidative respiratory chain complexes I, III, IV, and V) and ATP synthesis in oxidatively damaged ARPE-19 cells were detected by spectrophotometry.
Results

Under transmission electron microscope, HUCMSC-Exo were round and oval membrane vesicles with diameters of about 40-100 nm. Western blot results showed that HUCMSC-Exo expressed specific marker proteins CD63 and CD9; The proportion of apoptosis in the high-concentration exosomes intervention group was significantly lower than that in the injury non-intervention group; in 50µg/mL and 100µg/mL exosome intervention group, ATP synthesis were significantly different from the control group (P<0.05). The activities of mitochondrial complex I, IV, and V in high concentration exosomes intervention groups were higher than those in other concentration intervention groups.
Conclusion

HUCMSC-Exo had a certain protective effect on ARPE-19 cells induced by CoCl2 in vitro. The protective mechanism of HUCMSC-Exo on oxidative damage ARPE-19 cells might be through saving its aerobic metabolic function, restoring cell ATP synthesis, and improving the ability of cells to repair damage and deal with the hypoxic environment.
The Effect of Epigallocatechin gallate on Cross-talk Between Autophagy and Apoptosis in NALM-6 Cell Line
Authors: Gharehchahi Faezeh , Zare Farahnaz , Dehbidi Gholamreza Rafie , Yousefi Zahra , Pourpirali Somayeh , Tamaddon Gholamhossein 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a prevalent hematological malignancy in 2-5-year-old children. Chemotherapy, as the most common treatment for ALL, is not usually responsive. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a small molecule extracted from green tea, has significant effects on tumor cells through different mechanisms, such as DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. In this study, we investigated the impact of EGCG on autophagy and apoptosis in NALM-6 cell line. Methods and results: Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by MTT and Trypan blue exclusion assay, and flow cytometry. It was shown that EGCG remarkably inhibited proliferation, reduced cell viability, and induced apoptosis in NALM-6 cell line (P<0.05). In addition, real-time PCR and western blot analysis were used to examine autophagy. It was observed that EGCG resulted in a 4-fold increase in LC3 protein level (P<0.05) while reducing the mRNA expression level of LC3B, P62/SQSTM1, and Atg2B genes (P<0.01). It also caused around 1.3-fold increase in DRAM1 mRNA expression level (P<0.05). Finally, it was indicated that the inhibition of autophagy affects apoptosis neither in untreated nor treated cells with EGCG.Conclusion: These results show that EGCG can induce apoptosis and autophagy in NALM-6 cell line while inhibition of autophagy cannot affect apoptosis in this cell line.
Epilepsy of Infancy With Migrating Focal Seizures (EIMFS): Expansion of Clinical Phenotypic And Genotypic Spectra
Authors: Wu Liwen , Cai Fang , Gan Siyi , Yang Sai , Yang Xiaofan , Yang Haiyan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
EIMFS is a rare early infantile epileptic encephalopathy with unknown etiology and poor prognosis. This study included 36 patients who were diagnosed with EIMFS. 17/36 cases had causative variants across 11 genes, including 6 novel EIMFS genes: PCDH19, ALDH7A1, DOCK6, PRRT2, ALG1 and ATP7A. 13/36 patients had ineffective seizure control, 14/36 patients had severe retardation and 6/36 patients died. Of them, the genes for ineffective seizure control, severe retardation or death include KCNT1, SCN2A, SCN1A, ALG1, ATP7A and WWOX. 17 patients had abnormal MRI, of which 8 had ineffective seizure control, 7 had severe retardation and 4 died. 13 patients had hypsarrhythmia, of which 6 had ineffective seizure control, 6 had severe retardation and 2 died. Also, 7 patients had burst suppression, of which 1 had ineffective seizure control, 3 had severe retardation and 3 died. This study is the first to report that ALDH7A1, ATP7A, DOCK6, PRRT2, ALG1, and PCDH19 mutations cause the phenotypic spectrum of EIMFS to expand the genotypic spectrum. The genes KCNT1, SCN2A, SCN1A, ALG1, ATP7A and WWOX may be associated with poor prognosis. The patients presenting with MRI abnormalities, hypsarrhythmia and burst suppression in EEG may be associated with poor prognosis.
Rational Design and Synthesis of a Novel BODIPY-based Probe for Selective Imaging of Tau Tangles in Human iPSC-derived Cortical Neurons
Authors: Soloperto Alessandro , Quaglio Deborah , Baiocco Paola , Romeo Isabella , Mori Mattia , Ardini Matteo , Presutti Caterina , Sannino Ida , Ghirga Silvia , Iazzetti Antonia , Ippoliti Rodolfo , Ruocco Giancarlo , Botta Bruno , Ghirga Francesca , Angelantonio Silvia Di , Boffi Alberto 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Numerous studies have shown a strong correlation between the number of neurofibrillary tangles of the tau protein and Alzheimer's disease progression, making the quantitative detection of tau very promising from a clinical point of view. However, the lack of highly reliable fluorescent probes for selective imaging of tau neurofibrillary tangles is a major challenge due to sharing similar β−sheet motifs with homologous Amyloid-β fibrils. In the current work, we describe the rational design and the in silico evaluation of a small-size focused library of fluorescent probes, consisting of a BODIPY core (electron acceptor) featuring highly conjugated systems (electron donor) with a length in the range 13-19 Å at C3. Among the most promising probes in terms of binding mode, theoretical affinity and polarity, BT1 has been synthesized and tested in vitro onto human induced pluripotent stem cells derived neuronal cell cultures. The probe showed excellent photophysical properties and high selectivity allowing in vitro imaging of hyperphosphorylated tau protein filaments with minimal background noise. Our findings offer new insight into the structure-activity relationship of this class of tau selective fluorophores, paving the way for boosting tau tangle detection in patients possibly through retinal spectral scans.
Estimating Actual Abundance of European Sousliks: Using UAV Imagery, Pixel Based Image Analysis and Random Forest Classification to Count Souslik Burrows
Authors: Gedeon Csongor I. , Árvai Mátyás , Szatmári Gábor , Brevik Eric C. , Takáts Tünde , Kovacs Zsofia , Meszaros Janos 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Burrowing mammals are widespread and contribute significantly to soil ecosystem services. However, how to conduct a non-invasive estimation of their actual population size has remained a challenge. Results support that the number of burrow entrances is positively correlated with population abundance and burrows’ location indicates their area of occupancy consequently it provides a benchmark for estimating population size. European souslik is an endangered burrowing species in decline across its range. We present an imagery-based method to identify and count animals’ burrows semi-automatically by combining remotely recorded RGB images, pixel-based imagery (PBI) and Random Forest (RF) classification. Field images recorded in four colonies were collected, combined and then processed by histogram matching and spectral band normalisation to improve the spectral distinction between the categories BURROW, SOIL, TREE, GRASS. Raw or processed images were analysed by RF classification to compare the change in accuracy metrics as a result of processing. From accuracy metrics kappa of precision (κBURROWP) and sensitivity (κBURROWS) for BURROW were 95 and 90% respectively. A 10-time bootstrapping of the final model resulted in coefficients of variation (CV%) of κBURROWS and κBURROWP lower than 5%, moreover CV% values were not significantly different between precision and sensitivity scores. The consistency of classification results and balanced precision and sensitivity confirmed the applicability of this approach. Our method provides an accurate and user-friendly tool to count the number of burrow openings and delineate the areas of occupancy as compared to traditional, more invasive approaches or other computer capacity and end-user expertise demanding methods.
The Effect of Tranexamic Acid and Epsilon-Aminocaproic Acid on Bleeding During Hip and Knee Arthroplasty：A Retrospective Study
Authors: Xiaoxiao Xu , Mingdeng Xu , Feng Xie , Jikun Ma , Xin Wang , Dianming Jiang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
PurposeTo compare the hemostatic effect and risk of thrombosis between tranexamic acid and epsilon-aminocaproic acid.MethodsA retrospective study of 140 cases of joint replacement, including 93 cases in the tranexamic acid (TXA) group and 47 cases in the epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) group. TXA or EACA was injected intravenously 30 minutes before surgery, and TXA or EACA was infused into the joint cavity after the wound was closed. The drainage, blood loss and plasma albumin loss were observed after operation.ResultsThe postoperative hemoglobin loss in the two groups was 19.1±11.4g/L, 20.3±13.6g/L, P>0.05. However, the drainage volume of the TXA group was less than that of the EACA group, which were 103.3±92.1ml and 117.4±120.9ml, respectively, P<0.05. The blood transfusion rate in the TXA group was higher than that in the EACA group, 14% and 34%, respectively, P<0.05. The postoperative plasma albumin loss of the two groups of patients was 7.4±8.0g/L and 7.3±5.5g/L respectively, P=0.05.ConclusionsThe hemostatic effect of TXA was slightly better than that of EACA, and the proportion of transfusion of TXA was lower.Level of Evidence: Level III
Mathematical Model For Forwarding Packets In Communication Network
Authors: Hussein Samaa Adel Ibrahim , Zaki Fayez Wanis , Ashour Mohammed 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In recent years, SDN technology has been applied to several networks such as wide area network (WAN). IT provides many benefits, such as: enhancing data transfer, promoting Application performance and reducing deployment costs. Software Defined-WAN networks lack studies and references. This paper introduced a system for SD-WAN network using PH/PH/C queues. It concentrates on the study of algebraic estimates the probability distribution of the system states. The Matrix-Geometric solution procedure of a phase type distribution queue with first-come first-served discipline is used.
Association Between Operation Duration of Total Knee Arthroplasty and Risk of Blood Transfusion Events: A Secondary Analysis Based on Cohort Study in Singapore
Authors: Liu Bo , He Yue , Pan Junpeng , Wang Zhijie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of our research is to explore the association between operation duration and the risk of blood transfusion in the patients undergoing TKA.MethodsThis study was a secondary analysis based on the data of a single-center retrospective cohort study in Singapore. The independent variable was the operation duration, and the dependent variable was the risk of blood transfusion events in the perioperation. we analyzed the risk factors of blood transfusion in the Perioperative period by univariate logistic regression, then, multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed adjusting for variables that might affect the operation duration of TKA and the risk of blood transfusion events. Additional analyses examined this association by the subgroup analysis by using stratified multivariate logistic regression models.ResultsAmong 2,622 patients, 153 (5.8%) had blood transfusion in perioperative period. The older (OR=1.051 ,95% CI:1.030, 1.073), the lower BMI (OR=0.939,95% CI: 0.903,0.976),the lower Hb (OR=0.603,95% CI: 0.541 6.132), the DM on insulin (OR=2.542,95%CI:1.054, 6.132), the Bilateral TKA(OR=3.202, 95%CI:2.087, 4.913), the within CHF (OR=4.600, 95% CI :1.685, 12.563), the Cr≥2mg/dl (OR=7.246, 95% CI:2.739, 19.166), the higher ASA status (OR=6.439, 95% CI:2.403, 17.249), the higher risk of blood transfusion (P<0.05).The operation duration was positively correlated with perioperative blood transfusion. We demonstrated that the risk of blood transfusion increased by 1.1% for 1-minute increase in operation duration (OR = 1.011,95% CI: 1.004,1.018). ConclusionOur research shows that the longer the TKA operation duration, the higher the incidence of blood transfusion. The risk of blood transfusion events increases by 66% for every 1-hour increase in operation duration. Compared with patients with operation duration＜100 minutes, patients with operation duration more than 100 minutes have an increased risk of blood transfusion events by 56.8%.
Relationship of Electrical Properties and Partical Size of Piezoelectric Ceramics Fabricated by Digital Light Processing 3D Printing
Authors: Liu Kai , Hu Jiaming , Shi Yusheng , Zhou Chenyang , Sun Yunfei , Zhang Song , Tu Rong , Zhang Qingqing , Zhang Yuzhen , Yin Changxia , Huang Shangyu , Sun Huajun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To improve electrical properties of BaTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics fabricated by 3D printing, effects of particle sizes was investigated on rheological and curing properties of ceramic slurries, electrical properties of BaTiO3 fabricated by Digital Light Processing 3D printing method. It was found that the curing ability of ceramic slurries decreased first and then increased with the increase of particle size from 136 nm to 1486 nm, while the viscosity of the slurries kept decreasing. When the particle size in a range of submicron, the grain size of sintered ceramics decreased from 13.27 μm to 6.84 μm as particle size increasing. Immediately, the relative density, piezoelectric constant, relative permittivity and remanent polarization of sintered ceramics were measured and it turns out to reach 95.32%, 161.4 pC/N, 1512 and 7.59 uC/cm2 respectively while using the BaTiO3 powder with particle sizes of 993 nm. Finally, a cellular structural BaTiO3 ceramics was fabricated by using optimized powder and process parameters and packaged as a piezoelectric sensor, showing a good function of force-electricity conversion. These results demonstrated the feasibility of fabricating high-quality functional ceramics with designed geometry by Digital Light Processing.
Detect Extreme Sentiments on Social Networks using BERT
Authors: Jamil Muhammad Luqman , Pais Sebastião , Cordeiro João , Dias Gaël 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Online social networking platforms allow people to freely express their ideas, opinions, and emotions negatively or positively. Previous studies have examined user’s sentiments on these platforms to study their behaviour in different contexts and purposes. The mechanism of collecting public opinion information has attracted researchers to automatically classify the polarity of public opinions based on the use of concise language in messages, such as tweets, by analyzing social media data. In this paper, we extend the preceding work [1], by proposing an unsupervised approach to automatically detect extreme opinions/posts in social networks. We have evaluated our performance on five different social network and media datasets. In this work, we use the semi-supervised approach BERT to check the accuracy of our classified dataset. The latter task shows that, in these datasets, posts that were previously classified as negative or positive are, in fact, extremely negative or positive in many cases.
4D-QSAR Analyses for EGFR Inhibitors Based on CDDA-OPS-GA Method
Authors: Qin Daogang , Zeng Xiaoqi , Zhao Tiansheng , Cai Biying , Yang Bowen , Tu Guogang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor is a preferred target for treating cancer. Compared to 3D-QSAR, 4D-QSAR has the feature of conformational flexibility and free alignment for individual ligands. In present studies, the 4D-QSAR of 131 analogs of 4-anilino quinazoline for EGFR inhibitors was built. The GROMACS package was employed to yield the conformational ensemble profile. The field descriptors of Coulomb and Lennard−Jones potentials were calculated by LQTA-QSAR. The filter descriptors and variable selection is very important, which was performed by means of comparative distribution detection algorithm (CDDA), ordered predictors selection (OPS) and genetic algorithm (GA) method. Best 4D-QSAR model yielded satisfactory statistics (R2 = 0.71), good performance in internal (Q2LOO = 0.60) and external prediction (R2pred = 0.69, k = 0.97, k′ = 1.01). The 4D-QSAR was shown to be robust (Q2LMO = 0.59) and was not built by chance (R2YS = 0.17, Q2YS = −0.25). The model has a good potential for rational design new EGFR inhibitors.
In Vivo Analysis of Hindfoot Joints Movement During Stance Phase in Stage Ⅱ Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity
Authors: Deng Zhenhan , Cai Zijun , Li Yusheng , Deng Zhiqin , Lu Wei , Xu Jian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

This study aims to compare the kinematic characteristics of hindfoot joints of stage Ⅱ adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) and normal foot through two-dimension (2D) -three-dimension (3D) registration technology and a single fluoroscopic imaging system, thus to provide research basis to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of AAFD.
Methods

Then seven normal volunteers and eight volunteers with stage Ⅱ AAFD were recruited to take the CT scans for their bilateral feet in neutral positions, after that their lateral dynamic X-ray data during stance phase were collected including fourteen normal feet and ten flatfeet. A computer-aided simulated light source for 3D CT model was applied to obtain a virtual image, and it is matched with the dynamic X-ray images to make a registration in “Fluo” software, by which finally the spatial changes during the stance phase can be calculated.
Results

In the early stage of touching the ground and the middle stage of standing, the extension and external rotation valgus of the navicular bone of the flat foot was compared with that of the normal navicular bone, and there was no significant difference in the extension and external rotation valgus of the calcaneus between the cuboid phase and the normal navicular bone. In the late stance phase, the degree of varus relative to the distance of the navicular bone was smaller in the flat foot than in the normal foot but the degree of metatarsal flexion was not significantly different between the cuboid and the calcaneus, and the degree of varus was smaller in the calcaneus but the degree of metatarsal flexion was greater.
Conclusion

During the early and mid-stance phase, there are excessive motion in the subtalar and talonavicular joints in stage Ⅱ AAFD. During the late stance phase, the motion of subtalar and talonavicular joints are in the decompensated state. During the whole stance phase, the motion of calcaneocuboid joint has no significant difference in both normal foot and stage Ⅱ AAFD.
Two New Penicillium Species Penicillium Dongtaiense Sp. Nov and Penicillium Yanchengense sp. nov., Isolated From a Poplar Plantation in China
Authors: Hu Shuang , Han Pei , Yu Xing-Ye , Wang Bao-Teng , Jin Long , Jin Feng-Jie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Studies on the degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by fungal extracellular enzymes have attracted much recent attention. In this study, dozens of fungus species spanning genera were isolated from rotting leaves based on their ability to decompose xylan. Using genetic sequencing (rDNA internal transcribed spacer), strains were identified as members of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria, Campylocarpon, Pyrenochaeta and Cladosporium. Among these strains, two Penicillium strains can’t be assigned to any reported species. In this study, they are described new species as Penicillium yanchengium sp. novT (AF 2021051) and Penicillium dongtaiense sp. novT (AF 2121001) based on multigene phylogenetic analysis and morphology. Penicillium yanchengense sp. novT belong to Penicillium section Lanata-Divaricata and are phylogenetically closely related to Penicillium oxalicum and Penicillium asturianum. Isolates of Penicillium yanchengense sp. novT have a faster growth on Czapek yeast agar (CYA) at 37 ℃, abundant exudate present on CYA, and a greater ability to produce acid on creatine sucrose agar (CREA). Penicillium dongtaiense sp. novT was placed in section Sclerotiora and it is most closely related to Penicillium exsudans, Penicillium mallochii and Penicillium acidum. It is unique in slower growth on CYA and MEA plates, abundant exudate on MEA, and cerebriform grooves on YES compared to its relatives. In this study, we provide detailed description about two species.