bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Difficult Situations in Educational Management
Authors: Lajčin Daniel 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Introduction: The scholarly paper focuses on addressing selected issues related to the forms of managers’ behaviour in coping with difficult situations in managerial work.

Purpose: The aim is to enrich human knowledge in the field of coping with difficult situations in managerial work both at the methodological level and at the level of theory development in this area.

Methods: The most commonly used method was quantitative-qualitative content analysis of the text of various types of communicants in order to systematise, analyse and describe various phenomena and situations in educational management. We describe the objects and subjects they have a quantitatively and qualitatively differentiated essence and characteristics (manager’s personality, demanding working environment, specific environment of class or school, processes at work, at school or during teaching, management style, workplace culture, etc.).

Conclusion: In terms of the specific application of the mentioned knowledge in managerial work, we can assume a positive impact on increasing the effectiveness of managerial work, in the context of which this can be used to increase the quality of selection of suitable people for managerial positions, education and training of managers, as well as prediction of possible risk factors in coping with difficult situations in managerial work.
Reflections on Rationality, Utility, University, Mass Culture and Unsustainable Society
Authors: Śleszyński Jerzy 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper is an expression of gratitude, remembrance and honour the jubilee of Prof. Tomasz Żylicz. As I have been invited to write a paper for a special issue of the CEEJ journal, I sincerely wanted to express regarding my friendship and my research that have been binding me with Tomasz in my more than 40-year work in the Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw. Our cooperation was varied and rich including joint articles, research projects and our work for the Ministry of the Environment. In this paper, after friendly acknowledgment, I decided to propose my polemical answer to the paper ‘Is reason valued now?’ written by Tomasz. The subject of my reply is primarily the rationality in general and in the institution of university in the context of teaching and practicing science, including first of all economics and ecological economics. The method applied in this paper is my descriptive and polemical reference to Tomasz's theses with the analytical use of literature, both classics and very current references. The basic topic of the paper focuses on the fact that modernity continues in an increasingly inertial movement towards mass culture and is dominated by three criteria in this mechanism namely usefulness, non-exclusion and accessibility. I analyse these three fetishes in our dynamic times and with particular emphasis on their negative role in academic education. In my conclusions I categorically state that scientific knowledge and education, perfectly represented by universities, were formed and developed in an alliance with usefulness and utility, but never only thanks to them and never only for them.
The Issues of Justice in Economic and Environmental Policy
Authors: Górka Kazimierz , Thier Agnieszka 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The article presents the gist, the kinds and manifestations of justice, with the discussion of the controversies around social justice. The analysis deals with the relationship between social justice and economic efficiency and effectiveness – especially in the environmental protection – as well as the concepts of international and cross-generational justice. In summary, the authors discussed inequality of income and the structure of welfare benefits as well as the scale of poverty and social exclusion in Poland.
Disputes Over the Concept of Ecological Economics and Environmental Economics in the Light of the Works of Professor Tomasz Żylicz
Authors: Czaja Stanisław 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The problem of the concept of ecological and environmental economics and the relationship between them is the vital research problem in modern economics. The presentation of disputes in this respect is the subject of the presented article. For obvious, substantive and non-substantive reasons, the scientific views of Professor Tomasz Żylicz will be the central axis. The purpose of the topic presented in this paper analysis is not to settle the controversy but to present the dispute using the views of some discussion participants, especially the comments formulated by Professor Tomasz Żylicz. The research method is based on a critical analysis of the literature and desktop research.

Conclusion 1: The problem of understanding ecological and environmental economics is just one of the many important issues that can be found in the works of Professor Tomasz Żylicz.

Conclusion 2: This problem is connected with very interesting theoretical, cognitive and terminological issues and practical issues related to the implemented environmental policies or sustainable development strategies at their various levels.
Application of the Contingent Valuation Method in Water Resources Protection
Authors: Miłaszewski Rafał 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The option of using the contingent valuation method (CVM) to assess residents’ willingness to pay (WTP) for upgrading the quality of water resources in their communes is discussed in the article. Surveys were conducted using the direct interview method. The analysis included the application of CVM to examine the potential for financing projects that are focused on reducing the eutrophication process of the Baltic Sea, financing the construction of municipal sewage treatment plants in selected communes in Greece and Poland and financing the upgrade of sewage disposal and treatment standards in Śniadowo in north-eastern Poland. For authorities of a given area, the CVM is an instrument supporting the decision-making process regarding investments in water resources’ protection.
State of Democracy in Poland versus Environmental Protection
Authors: Markowska Agnieszka 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The paper starts with a review of literature focusing on links between democracy and environmental protection, pointing out a fair weight of scientific evidence that democratic societies on average enjoy a higher level of environmental quality than autocracies. It subsequently provides a quick insight into the recent trends in the state of democracy and the rule of law in Poland as well as a few examples of measures taken concerning environmental policy that have been undertaken after 2015. The paper concludes by expressing concern about certain negative patterns in the Polish environmental policy in the past few years, which seem to be connected to the deficiencies in the rule of law and democracy as observed in Poland. The shrinking space for civil society to participate in democratic governance concerning environmental issues and the excessive appetite of the current government for large infrastructural investments seem to be in contradiction with the European and global strive for sustainable development and tackling climate change. It remains to be seen if the recent negative trends in the Polish environmental policy will have a structural impact on the state of environment in Poland.
Economic Dynamic Modelling of Climate Policy in Poland
Authors: Kiuila Olga , Lewczuk Emilia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Poland is responsible for 9% of CO2 emission in the European Union (EU), making it the fifth biggest emitter in the region. The energy sector is dominated by electricity produced from coal (around 70%). The country currently uses massive subsidies to boost the coal sector. We propose a dynamic intertemporal hybrid general equilibrium model to simulate the economic effects of sector regulations and new policy targets within environmental taxation scenarios, by accounting for a complex set of linkages between the energy sector and other components of the economy. Our simulation results suggest that positive economic growth is possible with a realistic energy mix, but it will not offer considerable emission reduction, as required by the European Commission. In the short-time horizon, the best choice is renewable energy sources indicated by less capital-intensive technologies (such as biomass). In the long-time horizon, more capital-intensive technologies (such as wind turbines) will be a better choice for economic growth. Carbon tax plays a crucial role in optimal energy mix targets, since its elimination ceteris paribus implies negative economic growth.
Value of Life Year and Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds: The Case of Poland
Authors: Markiewicz Olimpia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this article is to examine how people value two different attributes of Value of Life Year (VOLY): life expectancy and the quality of life. The results of the first VOLY estimations conducted in Poland are discussed and compared with Polish cost-effectiveness thresholds for medical treatments in the period 2008–2020.

Methodology
The Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) method was used to value two attributes of VOLY: increase in life expectancy and improvement in the quality of life.

Main findings
The VOLY research was conducted in two populations: general and dialysis. Depending on their current health status, people value increased life expectancy and improvement in health quality differently. In light of these results, the VOLY should be differentiated. Also in the Quality Adjusted Life Year (QALY) indicator, the weights of the attributes of length and quality of life should be varied according to different states of health.
A uniform cost-effectiveness threshold is not justified from the perspective of stated preferences. Cost-effectiveness thresholds based on demand-side values should be differentiated.
Current Polish cost-effectiveness thresholds are overestimated compared to valuations based on stated preferences.

Contributions
The article presents the first estimations of two attributes of VOLY: life expectancy and the quality of life, carried out in Poland.
Exploring Resistance Operating Concept. Promises and pitfalls of (violent) underground resistance
Authors: Maskaliūnaitė Asta 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The paper aims to contribute to discussion on comprehensive defence development by looking into Resistance Operating Concept and Comprehensive Defence Handbook. These two documents are designed as a guide for the countries facing a formidable adversary to help them develop resistance (including violent) infrastructure before the potential invasion. After discussing the main tenets of the concept and suggesting a wider engagement with case studies and scientific literature on this and similar topics, the paper addresses the pitfalls and considerations of preparing such resistance in peacetime, focusing on five areas: C2, legitimacy, recruitment, potential problems in long-term and communication.
Fate of forest tree biotechnology facing climate change
Authors: Ahuja M. R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWoody plants have been culturedin vitrosince the 1930s. After that time much progress has been made in the culture of tissues, organs, cells, and protoplasts in tree species. Tree biotechnology has been making strides in clonal propagation by organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. These regeneration studies have paved the way for gene transfer in forest trees. Transgenics from a number of forest tree species carrying a variety of recombinant genes that code for herbicide tolerance, pest resistance, lignin modification, increased woody bio-mass, and flowering control have been produced byAgrobacterium-mediated and biolistic methods, and some of them are undergoing confined field trials. Although relatively stable transgenic clones have been produced by genetic transformation in trees using organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis, there were also unintended unstable genetic events. In order to overcome the problems of randomness of transgene integration and instability reported inAgrobacterium-mediated or biolistically transformed plants, site-specific transgene insertion strategies involving clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR-Cas9) platform offer prospects for precise genome editing in plants. Nevertheless, it is important to monitor phenotypic and genetic stability of clonal material, not just under greenhouse conditions, but also under natural field conditions. Genetically modified poplars have been commercialized in China, and eucalypts and loblolly pine are expected to be released for commercial deployment in USA. Clonal forestry and transgenic forestry have to cope with rapid global climate changes in the future. Climate change is impacting species distributions and is a significant threat to biodiversity. Therefore, it is important to deploy Strategies that will assist the survival and evolution of forest tree species facing rapid climate change. Assisted migration (managed relocation) and biotechnological approaches offer prospects for adaptation of forest trees to climate change.
Investigation of Clonal Structure and Self-incompatibility in Japanese Endemic Snow Camellia (Camellia rusticana)
Authors: Kohama Hiroki , Abe Harue , Moriguchi Yoshinari 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We investigated the clonal structure, self-incompatibility, and number of seeds per fruit in Camellia rusticana, a Japanese endemic species, in comparison to the closely related C. japonica. Clonal propagation was more vigorous in C. rusticana than in C. japonica and the clonal structure of C. rusticana varied among populations. C. rusticana can maintain genets for extended periods, even in harsh environments such as high-altitude areas with considerable snow accumulation, because even a single surviving genet can propagate clonally. However, sexual reproduction (i.e., reproduction by seed) is advantageous for dispersal to distant suitable habitats. An artificial crossing test revealed high self-incompatibility in C. rusticana, as observed in C. japonica. In addition, the number of seeds per fruit was lower in C. rusticana than in C. japonica. Self-incompatibility in C. rusticana may play a role in production of high-quality seed, despite low seed production.
Organizing State Intervention in an Authoritarian State: From Fascist Import Substitution to French Developmentalism in Postwar Spain
Authors: Ban Cornel 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The economics of the authoritarian regime of Francisco Franco in Spain are often narrowed to a bespoke form of fascism. This paper suggests that this regime’s rather inchoate economic regimes were in fact a series of experiments that blended varieties of statism and liberalism. Thus, a form of import-substitution industrialization colored by Italian fascist features (1939-1959) lasted fifteen years longer in Spain than in the country of importation. In contrast, a local version of French developmentalism (1964-1975) was largely in sync with what was being tried in France at the time. However, this French developmentalist template imbued with fiscal Keynesianism was layered with liberal economic projects, particularly in the monetary policy arena. But while fascist import substitution (the so called “autarky”) collapsed mostly due to its internal problems, Spain’s translation of French developmentalism was associated with economic growth and was only extensively damaged by the crisis of the global capitalist core ushered by the 1973 oil shock. Critically, while in the symbolic terrain of Spanish politics the liberal economic projects that accompanied the local translation of French developmentalism were always associated with reformist and even “dissident” elite circles, the stigma of developmentalism’ association with the core elites of authoritarianism removed developmentalism as a source of alternatives to the liberal economic reforms ushered by Spain’s transition to liberal democracy in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
Flexible Working Practices in the ICT Industry in Achieving Work-Life Balance
Authors: Ágota-Aliz Birtalan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Flexible labour practices became increasingly institutionalized and professionalized (Aroles, Mitev and de Vaujany, 2019). However, mechanisms and motivations behind these practices have remained often unexplored. This paper discusses the flexible labour practices among ICT professionals with regard to their spatial and temporal dimensions, with the aim to identify the key-factors that improve work-life balance and overall well-being. The qualitative research is based on in-depth face-to-face interviews with ICT knowledge workers, using Grounded Theory in generating new theoretical approaches that connect flexible labour practices with work-life balance. The study reveals, on the one hand, that particular and adapted flexible arrangements contributes to the reconciliation of the working life with the personal life; on the other hand, had led to the rise of knowledge workers with power and influence over their own intellectual capital, with a richness in personal choices.
The Creativity Turn in European Cultural Policies. Structural Changes in the Sector
Authors: Branişte Miki 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to analyse the conditions that enable a double political-economic instrumentation of culture through European Union programmes, and their consequences for the cultural sector. The first European programmes focused on the symbolic value of culture which was perceived as an essential element for strengthening the European identity, and thus as a crucial tool in the project of building the European identity, which is part of a political integration programme. In the context of the development of the creative economy, which overlapped the 2008 economic crisis and a growing influence of the market ideology, a few years later, the European Union launched the Creative Europe programme, thus setting up a new development framework for the cultural sector. For culture, the economic and political arguments in the Creative Europe programme outline a future inherently connected to its contribution to these fields, leaving behind the symbolic and social value of culture characterised by non-lucrative purposes. The programme lays out a direction in which culture is monetized as competitive advantage and bets on the contribution of the cultural and creative industries to become a competitor on the global creative economy. The new framework offered by Creative Europe transforms the approach to culture, placing it in a landscape of global competition, in the company of creative industries, favouring the integration of culture by the latter, not the other way around, thus entailing structural changes in the cultural sector.
Max Weber’s Way from Social Economics to Sociology
Authors: Szántó Zoltán Oszkár 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
One of the most outstanding intellectual achievements in the history of classical thought in social sciences which have remained influential up until today are undoubtedly associated with the name of Max Weber. Through a detailed text analysis and a conceptual mapping of the logic of the argumentation, this paper sets out to offer a profound insight into the classical German sociologist’s approach to science, both “early” (about 1903/4) and “late” (post-1913), in terms of some fundamental matters of epistemology and methodology. The first part of this paper investigates social economics in terms of its theoretical and methodological foundations and applicability, while the second part looks at interpretive sociology from the same perspectives, with an emphasis on the differences between the two approaches. We argue that Weber’s dualist methodological attitude became explicit and dominant in his later writings. In addition, as he brought in focus the theory of social action, he not only became an explicit proponent of methodological individualism, but he also revisited and specified the logic and role of “causal explanation” and “interpretation”. Interpretive sociology no longer seeks a causal explanation for individual historical events by applying nomological knowledge, but instead commits itself to finding “causally adequate” explanation for the course and consequences of different types of social actions. Interpretation, in turn, no longer means an analysis of effects concerning the cultural significance of individual historical events in a special sense, but an interpretive understanding of various types of social actions, rational or “irrational”, directly or in a motivation-like manner. The paper concludes with a summary designed to highlight key legacies of Weber’s oeuvre that have remained valid and valuable for any analytical and empirical research in sociology.
Pengembangan Kawasan Agrowisata Berbasis Komoditas Unggulan di Payo, Solok, Sumatera Barat
Authors: Nugrahapsari Rizka Amalia , Hayati Nur Qomariah , Ahmadi Noor Roufiq , Arsanti Idha Widi , Hardiyanto Hardiyanto 
Published: August 2021

Solok City Government has a plan to develop area-based agrotourism in order to develop regional superior commodities. The research objectives are: (1) assessing the existing condition of agriculture and livestock, (2) assessing the role of stakeholder in developing Payo agro-tourism, (3) formulating Payo agro-tourism development strategies. The data used were primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from farmer interviews and participatory rural appraisal (PRA), as well as focus group discussions (FGD) with stakeholders. Data were analyzed with interactive analysis techniques and thematic analysis. The results showed that the socio-economic conditions of the community and the commitment of the local government supported the successful development of superior commodities in the Payo agro-tourism area. Potential and superior commodities based on land suitability, community and government interests are coffee, mangosteen, avocado, turmeric, chrysanthemum, and medicinal plants. But still needed support from IAARD technological innovation and institutional arrangement. The recommended steps in the development of Payo agro-tourism in a row are as follows: (1) structuring commodities according to land suitability, (2) providing technical guidance with methods that are easily understood, and (3) providing escort and institutional arrangement in developing agro-tourism areas. The involvement of IAARD in this effort can be started by drafting grand design of IAARD technological innovation support in Payo agro-tourism.Keywords: agro-tourism, area, solok
Co-Branding Citra Pertanian dan Daya Tarik Agrowisata: Studi Komparasi Taiwan dan Indonesia
Authors: Rachmita Nurina , Koestoer Raldi Hendro 
Published: August 2021

Indonesia is an agrarian country having rich in variety of natural and biological resources. With such capacity, Indonesia has a chance to develop agribusiness, as for in the area of agritourism. However, the problem is the farmers have a limitation to create agricultural activities for tourism. This study explains agritourism development in Indonesia with Taiwan agritourism-oriented. The method uses combine approach, i.e., literature and comparative studies, and analyze them with relevant theories. The result of this study found that agritourism management in Indonesia is still limited and has not been optimized. The conclusion of this study is that Taiwan case study can be applied to promote agritourism as for Indonesia, not even limited to the agriculture sector, but it can also be applied to the cultural sector.
Keywords: Agritourism, agriculture activities, tourism, marketing strategy, farm tourism