bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the tropical forest cover change in northern parts of Sonitpur and Udalguri district of Assam, India
Authors: Mahato Ranjit , Nimasow Gibji , Nimasow Oyi Dai , Bushi Dhoni 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Sonitpur and Udalguri district of Assam possess rich tropical forests with equally important faunal species. The Nameri National Park, Sonai-Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary, and other Reserved Forests are areas of attraction for the tourists and wildlife lovers. However, these protected areas are reportedly facing the problem of encroachment and large-scale deforestation. So, this study attempts to estimate the forest cover change in the area through integrating the remotely sensed data of 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020 with Geographic Information System. The Maximum Likelihood algorithm based supervised classification shows acceptable agreement between the classified image and the ground truth data with an overall accuracy of about 96% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.95. The results reveal a forest cover loss of 7.47% from 1990 to 2000 and 7.11% from 2000 to 2010. However, there was a slight gain of 2.34% in forest cover from 2010 to 2020. The net change of forest to non-forest was 195.17 km2 in the last forty years. The forest transition map shows a declining trend of forest remains forest till 2010 and a slight increase after that. There was a considerable decline in the forest to non-forest (11.94% to 3.50%) from 2000-2010 to 2010-2020. Further, a perceptible gain was also observed in the non-forest to the forest during the last four decades. The overlay analysis of forest cover maps show an area of 460.76 km2 (28.89%) as forest (unchanged), 764.21 km2 (47.91%) as non-forest (unchanged), 282.67 km2 (17.72%) as deforestation and 87.50 km2 (5.48%) as afforestation. The study found hotspots of deforestation in the closest areas of National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, and Reserved Forests due to encroachments for human habitation, agriculture, and timber/fuelwood extractions. Therefore, the study suggests an early declaration of these protected areas as Eco-Sensitive Zone to control the increasing trends of deforestation.
Protective effect of Bmscs-derived exosomes on testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
Authors: Tian Hu , Zhang Wan-song , Yang Cheng , Zhou Jun-hao , Zhou Ran-ran , Guo Wen-bin , Liu Cun-dong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Testicular Ischemia reperfusion injury(IRI) is a major pathophysiological process of surgical reduction after testicular torsion, and oxidative stress is the main injury factor. However, the role of BMSCs-derived exosomes in testicular IRI and its mechanism have not been reported. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes against testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury.Results: BMSCs were successfully isolated and cultured from rat bone marrow, and exosomes secreted by BMSCs were successfully extracted. In vivo experiment: The testicular torsion rat model was established, and various biochemical indexes of oxidative stress and testicular tissue HE was detected in the sham operation group, testicular torsion group and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome treatment group. In vitro experiment: H2O2 was used to construct TM4 and GC1 oxidative stress models, and various biochemical indexes of oxidative stress and corresponding pathway proteins were detected in the control group, H2O2 group and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome treatment group.Conclusion: BMSCs-derived exosomes can be absorbed by rat spermatogonia and have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory protective effects against testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury。
Springback and Longitudinal Bow in Chain-Die Forming U and Hat Channels
Authors: Liang Zhenye , Liu Yang , Zou Tianxia , Li Dayong , Ding Shichao , Xiao Hua , Shi Lei , Peng Yinghong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Chain-die forming is an emerging sheet metal technique for manufacturing advanced high strength steel (AHSS) products. Springback and longitudinal bow are two of the major shape defects in gradual forming. In this study, the springback and longitudinal bow of AHSS in chain-die forming of hat and U profiles are investigated through experiment and finite element simulation. The disparity of springback along the longitudinal direction and disparate longitudinal bow signifies complex deformation processes of chain-die forming. Finite element simulation of the chain-die forming process gives an insight into the formation of non-uniform springback and longitudinal bow. The gradual forming process by one die block after another causes bending and reverse-bending deformation in the web area and the redundant deformation of the sheet metal, which further leads to non-uniform bending moment and accumulated stresses along the longitudinal direction. At the same time, the redundant deformation will also result in the longitudinal strain on the edge, while the downhill deformation decreases the maximum longitudinal strain at the edge and introduces the longitudinal strain on the web. The different non-uniform longitudinal strain distribution along the transversal direction causes disparate longitudinal bow behaviors for chain-die formed AHSS hat and U profiles, downward bowing and upward bowing respectively. By the established model, the disparate springback and longitudinal bow behavior can be determined, which also contribute to the process design for chain-die formed AHSS products.
The Effects of Three Months of Aerobic Dance on Hippocampal Volume and Cognition&nbsp;in Elderly People with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhu Yi , Gao Yaxin , Qi Ming , Xiao Ming , Wu Han , Ma Jinhui , Zhong Qian , Ding Hongyuan , Zhou Qiumin , Ali Nawab , Zhou Li , Zhang Qin , Wu Ting , Wang Wei , Sun Cuiyun , Thabane Lehana , Zhang Ling , Wang Tong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Whether dancing could increases the hippocampal volume of seniors with amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI) remains debatable. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of aerobic dance on hippocampal volume and cognition after three months' aerobic dance in older adults with aMCI. In this randomized controlled trial, 68 elderly people with aMCI were randomized to either aerobic dance group or the control group using 1:1 allocation ratio. Specially designed aerobic dance routine was performed by the dance group three times a week for three months, while all participants received monthly health care education after inclusion. MRI with a 3.0 T MRI scanner and cognitive assessments were performed before and after intervention. The high-resolution 3D T1-weighted anatomical images were acquired for the analysis of hippocampal volume. A total of 35 participants (mean age: 71.51 ± 6.62 years) were randomized into aerobic dance group and 33(mean age:69.82 ± 7.74 years ) into control group, and all the data was analyzed based on the intention to treat (ITT) method. Patients in the treatment group showed increased volume in the right hippocampus (mean difference [MD] in right hippocampus volume over 3 months 0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05, 0.21; p<0.001) and memory enhancement (MD in Memory Scale-Revised Logical Memory change over 3 months 2.12; 95% CI -0.06, 4.13; p = 0.02) compared to the control group. In conclusion, three months of aerobic dance could increase the volume of right hippocampus and improve episodic memory in elderly persons with aMCI. This study was registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn). Registration number：ChiCTR-INR-15007420.
Preparation of Hydrothermally Solidified Materials from Waste Cathode Ray Tube Panel Glass for Construction Applications
Authors: Xu Qingbo , Zhang Jing , Li Shunyi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Solidification of cathode ray tube (CRT) panel glass was carried out using a hydrothermal processing method. In this way, the glass powder was first compacted in a mold at 20 MPa, and then hydrothermally cured in an autoclave under saturated steam pressure at 200 ℃ for 6 hours. The CRT panel glass was then hydrothermally solidified by the formation of tobermorite (Ca5Si6O16(OH)2·4H2O), which was encouraged by the addition of slaked lime (Ca(OH)2). The final solidified specimen’s strength was heavily depended on the amount of tobermorite formed, with higher concentrations of tobermorite producing commensurately greater mechanical strength. With the addition of slaked lime at 20%-30% by mass, the specimen achieved a flexural strength of approximately 16 MPa, which is sufficiently great for using as a construction material. As such, there is cause to believe that the hydrothermal processing method used here may have substantial potential for the product of high-quality recycled CRT panel glass with properties suitable for utilization as a construction material.
Undetected but widespread: the cryptic invasion of non-native cattail (Typha spp.) in a Pacific Northwest estuary
Authors: Stewart Daniel James , Hood W. Gregory , Martin Tara G. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Early detection of invasive species is an important predictor of management success. Non-native narrow-leaved cattail (Typha angustifolia) has been detected in the Fraser River Estuary (FRE) in recent decades, but questions around their degree of establishment, and the potential emergence of hybrid cattail (Typha x glauca), remain unanswered. This study models the current and potential future distribution of non-native cattails in the FRE using a unique combination of spectral imagery analysis and species distribution modelling. Contrary to our expectation, we find that non-native cattails are already widespread, currently occupying approximately 4% of FRE tidal marshes. Though never formally recorded in the FRE, hybrid cattail is the more abundant of the two taxa, suggesting that heterosis may be facilitating this invasion. In our species distribution model, we distinguish between site suitability (ability to establish and persist) and site susceptibility (risk of being colonized when suitable). Our model predicts that 28% of the estuary has > 50% probability of suitability, and 21% has > 50% probability of susceptibility to non-native Typha, indicating the scale of this invasion may increase over time. Restoration projects had proportionally more cattail, susceptible habitat, and suitable habitat than the overall estuary, casting doubt on their effectiveness at mitigating wetland destruction. Due to their resemblance to native Typha latifolia, these cattails qualify as cryptic invaders, which explains how they were able to establish and remain undetected for decades. Regional eradication is unlikely given the extent of invasion, therefore management should prioritize areas of high conservation and cultural values.
Assessment of Potential Heavy Metal Contamination in the Agricultural Soils Based on Various Improved Evaluation Methods in Beijing, China
Authors: Chen Rui , Cai Xuying , Ding Guoyu , Ren Fumin , Wang Qi , Cheng Nuo , Liu Jiaxing , Li Lanxin , Shi Rongguang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The evaluation of the soil contaminated by heavy metals can help to judge whether the soil meets the standard and whether the pollution will threaten human health and the ecological environment. In this study, the farmland soil from eight districts in Beijing was used as the research object, and the concentration of heavy metal elements, Pb, As and Cd in the soils and agricultural products were analyzed. The analysis results showed that: (1) The evaluation based on the improved Hakanson method suggested that the crops exhibit a significantly higher ability to absorb Cd than to absorb Pb and As. Pb, As and Cd are all at normal level of ecological risk; among them, Cd is mainly in a moderate ecological risk, without strong ecological risk. (2) Based on the Improved analytic hierarchy process(AHP) of evaluation, 0.2317 is the average value of the integrated index of heavy metal pollution of soil in the study area, which is a mild level of pollution. (3) Through the calculation of various parameters in the Influence index of comprehensive quality(IICQ) of soil and agricultural products, it was found that 0＜IICQS＜1, suggesting that the environmental quality of soil is at a clean level. In summary, the pollution of heavy metals Pb, As and Cd in the farmland soils and crops in the eight districts of Beijing, including Fangshan, Daxing, Shunyi, and Shijingshan is at a low level, and no significant impact has been brought to the surrounding environment.
Lightweight and Anonymous Mutual Authentication Protocol for IoT Devices With Physical Unclonable Functions
Authors: Meng Jin , Zhang Xufeng , Cao Tengfei , Xie Yong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The past few years have seen the topic of Internet of Things (IoT) rush into the forefront of various industries, which is changing people’s conventional production methods and lifestyles. Connected to the Internet, the physical devices could be as fluffy as kids’ teddy bears or as balky as driverless cars. However, the security related to the IoT is faced with some serious challenges simultaneously. Confronted with these issues, we propose a mutual authentication protocol for devices in the IoT system. It is lightweight that just hash functions, XORs as well as PUFs are utilized and there is no need to store plenty of pseudo-identities. Furthermore, not only does it use the reverse fuzzy extractor to acclimatize to the noisy environment, but it also introduces the supplementary sub-protocol to enhance the resistance to the desynchronization attack. Besides, the security analysis based on the improved BAN logic by Mao and Boyd presents the higher security and reliability of the proposed protocol, and the performance analysis shows its more comprehensive functions as well as lower computation and communication overhead.
Analysis of the Impact of Local Government Competition on Green Total Factor Productivity From the Perspective of Factor Market Distortion--Based on the Three-Stage DEA model
Authors: Tang Juan , Qin Fangming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
From the perspective of factor market distortion, this paper explores the effect and internal mechanism of local government competition on green total factor productivity (GTFP). A three-stage DEA model was applied to measure the GTFP of 30 provinces from 2008 to 2017. Furthermore, the article analyses local government competition and factor market distortions influence on GTFP using the Spatial SDM model and mediation effect model. The statistical results reveal that the spatial correlation of GTFP is significantly present across Chinese different provinces. The growth of GTFP will be significantly inhibited by local government competition. Local government competition can indirectly restrict the improvement of GTFP through factor market distortion. Regional heterogeneity indicates that, in the eastern and central regions, local government competition does not significantly inhibit the growth of GTFP. Moreover, local government competition failed to restrain the improvement of GTFP through factor market distortion. However, in the western region, local government competition not only inhibited the growth of GTFP, but also inhibited the growth of GTFP by causing factor market distortion.
A Hybrid Glowworm Swarm Optimization for Enhancing the Lifespan of Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: D Deepak raj , K RAJA , A AYYASAMY 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The special features of smart grid technology includes regular metering communication, renewable power incorporation, allotment computerization and whole scrutinizing and organization of complete power grid. Little micro-electrical automatic schemes that are deployed in collecting and broadcasting data from ambience are Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Providing security and energy consumptions are the most emerging issues in Wireless sensor network communication. To enhance the lifespan of a network, energy efficiency should be increased by decreasing energy consumption of the sensor nodes, thus striking a balance in the power consumption of each node. As the primary source of origin of energy consumption of sensor nodes is long distance transmission of data, good impact on energy consumption can be provided through an efficient routing protocol. So as to enhance the lifespan of a network, a number of protocols have been put forth in the form of optimization algorithms. This study involves Glowworm Swarm Optimization (GSO). In GSO, a probabilistic cost is computed by every glowworm in spite of finding its neighboring glowworm that has the enhanced luciferin intensity than others. Based on this probability cost, a glow worm moves towards the chosen glowworm. To enhance GSO performance, the GSO hybrid optimized with Harmony Search (HS) and Tabu Search (TS) local methods are also proposed. Results prove that proposed method achieves better performance.
Associations between pain, self-efficacy, sleep duration, and symptoms of depression in adolescents: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Haraldstad Kristin , Stea Tonje Holte 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Although pain has been identified as an important public health problem among adolescents, few studies have investigated possible protective and risk factors for pain. The main aim of the present study was to investigate associations between prevalence of daily pain, self-efficacy, sleep duration, and symptoms of depression in a representative sample of Norwegian adolescents. Methods: A comprehensive cross-sectional survey was completed by 12 867 junior high school students and high school students (response rate: 90%) aged 14–19 years. Logistic regression models were adjusted for age, gender, and parental educational level. Results: We found a high prevalence of daily pain among adolescents, especially among girls (19%) compared with boys (7%). Short sleep duration was associated with increased odds ratios (ORs) of pain in the shoulders/neck (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.3–2.0) and stomach (1.7; 1.2–2.4). Symptoms of depression were associated with increased ORs for all measured types of daily pain, including head (3.7; 3.0–4.6), shoulders/neck (3.9; 3.1–4.8), joints/muscles (4.3; 3.3–5.6), and stomach (5.5; 4.1–7.4). By contrast, self-efficacy was not associated with any form of daily pain. Conclusion: Given the burden of pain, high incidence of pain problems, and strong association between pain and depression and, to some degree, short sleep duration, co-occurring symptoms may be an important area for research in the public health field. The results highlight the importance of early identification and prevention. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand better pain problems and their underlying mechanisms with the aim of developing targeted interventions.
Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta（REBOA） in A Swine Model of Iliac Artery Hemorrhage under the Guidance of Portable Ultrasound
Authors: Huang Yuqing , Shan Xuexia , Wu Shengzheng , Chen Xianghui , Lin Xingxi , Zhang Liye , Li Zhihui , Lv Faqin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The major challenge of applying Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) in the pre-hospital setting is to accurately place the balloon in. To evaluate the effects of applying portable ultrasound to guide REBOA for iliac artery hemostasis.Methods: We first established a swine model of hemorrhage by percutaneously puncture the right iliac artery under the guidance of portable ultrasound. Then we randomly divided the swine into two groups. We recorded systolic pressure (SP), diastolic pressure (DP), heart rate (HR), and the maximum depth of the ascites at baseline (T1), free bleeding for the 30s (T2), bleeding for 10min (T3), and bleeding for 30min (T4). Immediately after T2, we performed REBOA under the guidance of portable ultrasound in the intervention group and manual extracorporeal compression by dry gauze in the control group. We collected total blood loss at T4.Results: There were 11 swine included in the analysis (intervention group=6, control group=5). The characteristics of the two groups were similar at T1. After punctured the right iliac artery, hemorrhagic shock appeared in both groups at T2 - BP and DP fell, HR elevated, and the maximum depth of the ascites increased. After performing REBOA, SP(in mmHg) in the intervention group significantly increased to 97.17±11.92 at T3 and remained stable throughout T4; while SP in the control group kept decreasing and reached 62.40±3.44 at T4. A similar trend was found in DP. HR(in bpm) in the intervention group increased from 101.50±5.39 in T2 to 111.83±7.39 in T3 and stabilized at 113.83±5.49 in T4; in the control group, it kept increasing from 103.20±3.70 in T2 to 132.40±3.98 in T4. The maximum depth of the ascites increased between T2 and T4 in both groups, but significantly slower in the intervention group (at T4 3.50±0.36cm vs 5.14±0.35cm, P<0.05). The total blood loss was significantly less in the intervention group (1245.23±190.07g) than in the control group (2605.63±291.67g).Conclusions: Performing REBOA under the guidance of portable ultrasound can improve the effectiveness of iliac artery hemostasis and have great potential to save lives in pre-hospital settings.
hucMSC Exosome Ameliorates Pressure Ulcers Through Inhibition of HMGB1.
Authors: Yan Fei , Gong Meihua , Li Furong , Yu Li 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Pressure ulcers (PU) are a chronic wound for elderly populations. Previous works have shown that exosomes from stem cells contain cytokines and growth factors that play a role in tissue repair and can represent a therapeutic strategy for wound healing. Thus, as a new cell-free treatment model, fully understanding the extraction of exosomes and its mechanism of action can help promote the management of clinically chronic refractory wound healing. Material and Methods: In this study, we initially isolated exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSC-Exo) and examined their roles in wound healing. Different time points were evaluated for 15 mice which were randomly divided into three groups to serve three I-R circles and took different dose of hucMSC-Exo. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to analyze collagen mRNA levels in tissue samples. HMGB1 content was explored by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Comparing α-SAM, CD34, HMGB1 were used to investigate the potential mechanisms.Results: We found that hucMSC-Exo could be taken up by fibroblasts and significantly regulate and improve fibroblast fibrotic status and in-vivo PU wound healing. Further, we observed that hucMSC-Exo treatment of PU wound was able to downregulate the expression of HMGB1 previously shown to have a deleterious role in the wound healing process. Conclusion: Our study indicates that hucMSC-Exo regulates the repair of pressure ulcer wounds in part by inhibiting HMGB1. Exosome treatment has opened up a new perspective in regenerative medicine and trauma management.