bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence Approach to the Monitoring of Respiratory Sounds in Asthmatic Patients
Authors: Hafke-Dys Honorata , Kuźnar-Kamińska Barbara , Grzywalski Tomasz , Maciaszek Adam , Szarzyński Krzysztof , Kociński Jędrzej 
Published: November 2021

Background: Effective and reliable monitoring of asthma at home is a relevant factor that may reduce the need to consult a doctor in person.Aim: We analyzed the possibility to determine intensities of pathological breath phenomena based on artificial intelligence (AI) analysis of sounds recorded during standard stethoscope auscultation.Methods: The evaluation set comprising 1,043 auscultation examinations (9,319 recordings) was collected from 899 patients. Examinations were assigned to one of four groups: asthma with and without abnormal sounds (AA and AN, respectively), no-asthma with and without abnormal sounds (NA and NN, respectively). Presence of abnormal sounds was evaluated by a panel of 3 physicians that were blinded to the AI predictions. AI was trained on an independent set of 9,847 recordings to determine intensity scores (indexes) of wheezes, rhonchi, fine and coarse crackles and their combinations: continuous phenomena (wheezes + rhonchi) and all phenomena. The pair-comparison of groups of examinations based on Area Under ROC-Curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the performance of each index in discrimination between groups.Results: Best performance in separation between AA and AN was observed with Continuous Phenomena Index (AUC 0.94) while for NN and NA. All Phenomena Index (AUC 0.91) showed the best performance. AA showed slightly higher prevalence of wheezes compared to NA.Conclusions: The results showed a high efficiency of the AI to discriminate between the asthma patients with normal and abnormal sounds, thus this approach has a great potential and can be used to monitor asthma symptoms at home.
A Feasibility Study of the Addition of STEPPS in Outpatients With Bipolar Disorder and Comorbid Borderline Personality Features: Promises and Pitfalls
Authors: Riemann Georg , Chrispijn Melissa , Weisscher Nadine , Regeer Eline , Kupka Ralph W. 
Published: November 2021

Background: Pharmacotherapy is a cornerstone in bipolar disorder (BD) treatment whereas borderline personality disorder (BPD) is treated primarily with psychotherapy. Given the overlap in symptomatology, patients with BD may benefit from psychotherapy designed for BPD.Aims: This paper reports the findings of a non-controlled open feasibility study of STEPPS training in patients with BD and borderline personality features (BPF).Methods: Outpatients with BD were screened for BPD, and if positive interviewed with SCID-II. Patients with at least three BPF, always including impulsivity and anger burst, were included in the intervention study. Severity of BD and BPD and quality of life were assessed. Descriptive statistics were performed.Results: Of 111 patients with BD 49.5% also screened positive on BPD according to PDQ-4+, and 52.3% of these had BPD according to SCID-II. Very few participants entered the intervention study, and only nine patients completed STEPPS. Descriptive statistics showed improvement on all outcome variables post treatment, but no longer at 6-month follow up. We reflect on the potential reasons for the failed inclusion.Conclusion: Features of BPD were highly prevalent in patients with BD. Still, recruiting patients for a psychological treatment originally designed for BPD proved to be difficult. Feedback of participants suggests that the association of STEPPS with “borderline” had an aversive effect, which may have caused limited inclusion for screening and subsequent drop-out for the treatment. Therefore, STEPPS should be adapted for BD to be an acceptable treatment option.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov/3856, identifier: NTR4016.
Efficacy and Safety of Cordyceps militaris as an Adjuvant to Duloxetine in the Treatment of Insomnia in Patients With Depression: A 6-Week Double- Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhou Jiaojiao , Chen Xu , Xiao Le , Zhou Jingjing , Feng Lei , Wang Gang 
Published: November 2021

Background: Insomnia is a common clinical manifestation in patients with depression. Insomnia is not only a depression symptom but also an independent risk factor for recurrence. Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) is thought to have the potential to treat insomnia. This study aimed to examine the efficacy and safety of duloxetine with C. militaris in improving sleep symptoms in patients with depression.Methods: This study was a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study that recruited outpatients admitted to Beijing Anding hospital from January 2018 to January 2019. Major depressive disorder (MDD) with insomnia was diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) criteria and Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.). Eligible subjects will be randomly assigned to two treatment groups in a 1:1 ratio, and receive treatment and follow-up of about 6 weeks of duloxetine plus Cordyceps militaris or placebo, respectively. The severity of depression and insomnia was evaluated at baseline and at 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS).Results: A total of 59 subjects were included in the study (31 in the placebo group and 28 in the C. militaris group). 11 (18.6%) participants withdrew during the study period, 5 (17.9%) in the C. militaris group, and 6 (19.3%) in the placebo group. Depressive and sleep symptoms in all patients reduced over time. We found that the total scores of AIS and its subscales decreased more in the placebo group compared to the C. militaris group (p &lt; 0.05). Secondary outcome revealed that there were no significant differences between the two groups in total HAMD-17 and its sleep factor scores (p &gt; 0.05) at 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks after treatment initiation. The incidences of adverse events were not significantly different between the two groups (all p &gt; 0.05).Conclusion:C. militaris at the current dose and duration did not improve sleep symptoms in patients with depression, but it is safe with rare side effects.
Food Insecurity and Bullying Victimization Among 170,618 Adolescents in 59 Countries
Authors: Liang Kaixin , Chi Xinli , Chen Si-Tong , Clark Cain Craig Truman , Zhang Yanjie , Wang Jian 
Published: November 2021

Background: Bullying victimization can impose long-lasting impacts on adolescent's current and subsequent well-being. Understanding the correlates of bullying victimization and how to prevent its occurrence is an urgent need. Food insecurity, an indicator of low socioeconomic status, may be related to bullying victimization. However, research on the association between food insecurity and bullying victimization is limited. Using a representative global sample, this study aimed to investigate the association between food insecurity and bullying victimization in adolescents and whether the association varied between country income levels, sexes, and age groups.Methods: Using cross-sectional, school-based data by 170,618 adolescents in 59 countries from the Global School-based Student Health Survey, multivariable logistic regression and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate the overall, country-stratified, sex-stratified, and age-stratified associations.Results: The prevalence of bullying victimization was 33.3%. In the total sample, adolescents with food insecurity showed significantly higher odds for bullying victimization than those without no food insecurity with a pooled odds ratio (OR) being 1.37 (1.28, 1.47). Further, the association was stronger in higher-income countries, females, and older adolescents.Conclusions: Bullying victimization is prevalent among global adolescents with food insecurity being a significant correlate. The identification of adolescents with perceptions of food insecurity and remedying this condition may be important to reduce the prevalence of bullying. This highlights the need to design and implement sex- and age-specific interventions focusing on remedying food insecurity and bullying victimization among in-school adolescents by taking country income levels into account.
Changes of the Public Attitudes of China to Domestic COVID-19 Vaccination After the Vaccines Were Approved: A Semantic Network and Sentiment Analysis Based on Sina Weibo Texts
Authors: Gao Hao , Guo Difan , Wu Jing , Zhao Qingting , Li Lina 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: On December 31, 2020, the Chinese government announced that the domestic coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have obtained approval for conditional marketing and are free for vaccination. This release drove the attention of the public and intense debates on social media, which reflected public attitudes to the domestic vaccine. This study examines whether the public concerns and public attitudes to domestic COVID-19 vaccines changed after the official announcement.Methods: This article used big data analytics in the research, including semantic network and sentiment analysis. The purpose of the semantic network is to obtain the public concerns about domestic vaccines. Sentiment analysis reflects the sentiments of the public to the domestic vaccines and the emotional changes by comparing the specific sentiments shown on the posts before and after the official announcement.Results: There exists a correlation between the public concerns about domestic vaccines before and after the official announcement. According to the semantic network analysis, the public concerns about vaccines have changed after the official announcement. The public focused on the performance issues of the vaccines before the official approval, but they cared more about the practical issues of vaccination after that. The sentiment analysis showed that both positive and negative emotions increased among the public after the official announcement. “Good” was the most increased positive emotion and indicated great public appreciation for the production capacity and free vaccination. “Fear” was the significantly increased negative emotion and reflected the public concern about the safety of the vaccines.Conclusion: The official announcement of the approval for marketing improved the Chinese public acceptance of the domestic COVID-19 vaccines. In addition, safety and effectiveness are vital factors influencing public vaccine hesitancy.
Protocol for a Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Exposure to Occupational Solar UltraViolet Radiation (UVR) Among Outdoor Workers
Authors: Modenese Alberto , Loney Tom , Rocholl Marc , Symanzik Cara , Gobba Fabriziomaria , John Swen Malte , Straif Kurt , Silva Paulo Marilia 
Published: November 2021

Background: Solar UltraViolet Radiation (UVR) is considered the most relevant occupational carcinogenic exposure in terms of the number of workers exposed (i.e., outdoor workers) and UVR-induced skin cancers are among the most frequent types of occupational cancers worldwide. This review aims to collect and evaluate all the available preventive interventions conducted on outdoor workers to reduce their solar UVR related risk, with the final purpose of reducing the burden of occupational skin cancers for outdoor workers.Methods: We will search the following databases for peer-reviewed original research published: MEDLINE (through PubMed), Scopus, and EMBASE. We will include only interventional studies, both randomized and non-randomized, with an adequate comparison group, therefore excluding cross-sectional studies, as well as case-reports/series, reviews, and letters/comments. The systematic review will adhere to the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses” (PRISMA) guidelines for reporting systematic reviews. After the literature search, studies to be included will be independently reviewed by two Authors, first based on title and abstract, then based on the full text, according to the inclusion criteria. Conflicts will be solved by a third Author. Two authors will independently extract the required data from included studies and perform quality assessment according to the relevant domain for Risk of Bias assessment proposed by the Cochrane collaboration group. In case of sufficient homogeneity of interventions and outcomes evaluated, results from subgroups of studies will be pooled together in a meta-analysis.Discussion: Following the principles for the evaluation of interventions for cancer prevention established by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, this systematic review will investigate the effectiveness of the interventions, and consequently it will provide reliable indications for the actual reduction of skin cancer incidence in outdoor workers.
Candida Isolates From Blood and Other Normally Sterile Foci From ICU Patients: Determination of Epidemiology, Antifungal Susceptibility Profile and Evaluation of Associated Risk Factors
Authors: Wang Bo , He Xinlong , Lu Feng , Li Yajuan , Wang Yuerong , Zhang Min , Huang Ying , Xia Jinxing 
Published: November 2021

Background: The clinical diagnosis and therapy for ICU patients with invasive candidiasis are challenged by the changes of Candida community composition and antimicrobial resistance. The epidemiology and drug sensitivity of candidiasis in ICU as well as its risk factors and drug resistance mechanism were investigated.Methods: In the present study, 115 patients in ICU were recruited from June 2019 through July 2020. Among them, 83 Candida isolates were identified with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The susceptibility to antifungals was measured by microdilution method. The molecular mechanisms of azole-resistant Candida tropicalis were explored by sequencing, and their outcomes were explicitly documented.Results:Candida glabrata and C. tropicalis were the predominant non-C. albicans Candida. The specimen sources were mainly urine, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood. The age, length of hospitalization, tracheotomy, diabetes and concomitant bacterial infection were the main risk factors for candidiasis. The majority of Candida species exhibited susceptibility to antifungals. However, certain C. tropicalis were frequently resistant to azoles. The polymorphism of the ERG11 in C. tropicalis was likely associated with azole resistance.Conclusion: The multiple risk factors for candidiasis in ICU patients need to be considered. Certain C. tropicalis exhibit resistance to azoles likely due to the ERG11 gene polymorphism.
Aplicación de las TIC en la lectura musical
Authors: Mamani Mamani Erwin , Quispe Chambi Roger 
Published: November 2021

La presente investigación aborda sobre la aplicación de herramientas y recursos tecnológicos a través del software libre Sibelius, Harmony, Finale, Lenmus y aplicaciones Android: oído perfecto, Solfa Read, para desarrollar los procesos formativos del aprendizaje de la lectura musical que se constituye en un factor determinante en la ejecución de instrumentos musicales; siendo una de las dificultades que atraviesan los estudiantes de 3er año de la especialidad de Educación Musical de la Unidad Académica de Formación de Maestros Multiétnica Lorenza Congo de la Ciudad de San Ignacio de Moxos del departamento del Beni, Bolivia. El estudio presentado tiene como objetivo determinar, porque los estudiantes presentan la dificultad de leer una partitura, siendo que se encuentran formándose para ser maestros de educación musical. Con la aplicación y uso de estos recursos y herramientas tecnológicas se ha logrado superar esas dificultades.
educación superior: Liderazgo y competitividad en la educación financiera
Authors: Fuertes Narváez María Emperatriz , Alarcón Gudiño Brian Santiago , López Chamorro Santiago Patricio 
Published: November 2021

La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo demostrar la incidencia del liderazgo y la competitividad en la educación financiera, como aporte de la aplicación de teorías y prácticas que permita alcanzar la proactividad, gestión y desarrollo en el Instituto Superior Tecnológico Liceo Aduanero. La metodología fue cualitativa, tipo descriptiva etnográfica. Los resultados se concentraron en competencias para mejorar el desempeño y el autoconocimiento en la toma de decisiones. Para cumplir con los objetivos, fue necesario que el líder se comprometiera con el aprendizaje continuo, la madurez afectiva y el desarrollo, como complementos. En conclusión, se estudió a la proactividad, gestión, desarrollo y acción personal como las competencias que determinan el nivel de liderazgo personal de un directivo. Contar con los elementos que conforman al líder proporciona óptimos resultados dentro de la institución; fue relevante pues el gerente es una figura capaz de auto conducirse para poder dirigir a los demás.
reserva cognitiva como prevención en el deterioro de las funciones neurocognitivas en la vejez
Authors: Barba Gallardo Pablo Andrés 
Published: November 2021

La investigación se desarrolló bajo los antecedentes de los altos índices de personas con problemas neuropsicológicos y neurodegenerativos en la edad adulta. Para la consecución del objetivo el cual fue identificar los mecanismos preventivos de la reserva cognitiva en los procesos neurodegenerativos normales y patológicos, desde el enfoque educacional; la investigación fue no experimental de tipo descriptiva; se trabajó con 37 personas (19 mujeres y 18 hombres) comprendidos entre 60 y 78 años. Las técnicas utilizadas son la observación, entrevistas y aplicación de instrumentos clínicos psicométricos: MMSE, CRC, MoCA, además, de entrevistas a expertos. Los factores predominantes de la reserva cognitiva que inciden en los mecanismos preventivos son la estimulación neurocognitiva, experiencias vividas, educación, ocupación y tipo de ocio, teniendo impactos directos en la neuropsicología de las personas. Concluyendo que entrenar y dotar al cerebro sobre procesos de habilidad cognitiva son de impacto positivo para las personas en su envejecimiento.
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK DAN PERSEPSI INDIVIDU TENTANG PERINGATAN BAHAYA MEROKOK PADA BUNGKUS ROKOK TERHADAP PERUBAHAN SIKAP PEROKOK AKTIF DILINGKUNGAN XXVII KELURAHAN PEKAN LABUHAN KECAMATAN MEDAN LABUHAN
Authors: Hutabarat Eva Nirwana Natalia , Indrayani Mira 
Published: November 2021

The prevalence of smoking in Indonesian people is very high, especially in males; they consist of children, adolescents, and adults. Government Regulation on Pictorial Health Warning (PHW) on cigarette packs is it ended to protect people and change their attitude toward smoking habit by quitting it. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of individual characteristics and perceptions about the warning of smoking hazard on cigarette packs on changing the attitude of active smokers. The research used analytic survey method with cross sectional design. It was conducted at Lingkungan XXVII, Kelurahan Pekan Labuhan, Medan Labuhan Subdistrict. The population was 324 people, and 248 of them were used as the samples. The data were analyzed by using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with chi square test, and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression analysis. The result of the research showed that education, knowledge, and perception on warning for the danger of smoking in advertisements had the influence on the change in active smokers’ attitude (p<0.05) at Lingkungan XXVII, Kelurahan Pekan Labuhan, while age, occupation, and smoking habit did not (p>0.05). the variable which had the most dominant influence was the variable of education. Active smokers who had high education, good knowledge, and had good perception on the warning for the danger of smoking on cigarette packs in the advertisements had the oppurtunity of 57% to change their attitude which indicated it was very difficult to change smokers’ attitude toward smoking since it has become a habit. It is recommended that the government, through the Health Agency, evaluate advertisements about warning for the danger of smoking on cigarette packs since many smokers do not change their attitude although the warning is clearly visible and understandable.
Karakteristik chiffon berbahan baku tepung pisang lewat matang
Authors: Muhandri Tjahja , Koswara Sutrisno , Aminullah Aminullah 
Published: November 2021

Background: The X’s bakery industry makes banana chiffon using fresh banana fruit as a raw material; however, fresh bananas were prone to rot.
Research purposes: to apply overripe banana flour in making chiffon and study the characteristic differences with fresh banana chiffon.
Method: This research consisted of making overripe banana flour using foam mat drying and making banana chiffon. The chiffon cake was made by adding 20g, 40g, and 60g banana flour (150g flour base) and control of 50g fresh ripe bananas. The yield, color, repose angle, and moisture content of overripe banana flour were analyzed, including specific volume, chiffon color, chiffon swelling, texture profile, and moisture content in chiffon cake. A complete one-factor random design with Dunnet’s analysis was used.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that overripe banana flour has yellowish color with a yield of 26.23±0.45%, a repose angle of 27.44±0.92, and a moisture content of 7.97±0.43% (wet base). Statistical analysis showed that chiffon of overripe banana flour did not differ significantly at 5% from than chiffon of fresh bananas on several parameters. They were the specific volume of the dough and moisture content and swelling, hardness, adhesiveness, elasticity, and chewing power. In addition, the chiffon’s crumb section of banana flour has a lower brightness compared to fresh banana chiffon, where the top, middle, and side crusts were not significantly different.
Conclusion: These results indicated that the use of banana flour could replace fresh bananas in chiffon cake.