bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance evaluation of the fully automated random‐access multiparameter Sysmex CN‐6000 hemostasis analyzer at a core laboratory with a high sample throughput
Authors: Nguyen Guillaume , Lejeune Manon , Gaaloul Mayssa , Martin‐Toutain Isabelle , Delorme Jean‐Pierre , Bourti Yasmine , Frere Corinne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to evaluate the performance of the fully automated multiparameter CN‐6000 hemostasis analyzer.MethodsPerformance evaluation of the CN‐6000 analyzer was conducted for 10 tests including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (aPTT), fibrinogen level, anti‐Xa activity, and antithrombin activity using a unique portfolio of liquid ready‐to‐use reagents. Precision, sample and reagent carryovers, throughput, and sample turnaround time (STAT) function were prospectively assessed. Results from 343 samples (normal subjects, critically ill patients, patients receiving anticoagulants, subjects with high or low fibrinogen levels, and patients with decreased levels of factor II, V, VII, and X) were compared to those obtained on the STA‐R Max 2® analyzer using dedicated reagents.ResultsTotal precision (coefficient of variation) was below 7% for all parameters in both normal and pathological ranges. For all analyzed parameters, results obtained on the CN‐6000 were strongly correlated with those obtained on the STA‐R Max 2®analyzer. Agreement between both instruments was excellent for all assays. The CN‐6000 demonstrated a 30% higher throughput compared to the STA‐R Max 2® (258 vs 185 tests per hour for a panel of tests including PT, aPTT, fibrinogen, factor V, anti‐Xa, and D‐Dimer). STAT turnaround time for critical care samples testing was <7 minutes.ConclusionsThe CN‐6000 analyzer performs equivalently or better than the STA‐R Max 2® with a significantly improved throughput. This new hemostasis multiparameter analyzer appears to be particularly well suited for coagulation laboratories which require high sample throughput and manage high numbers of nonstandard and critical care samples.
Text‐to‐speech applications to reduce mind wandering in students with dyslexia
Authors: Bonifacci Paola , Colombini Elisa , Marzocchi Michele , Tobia Valentina , Desideri Lorenzo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMind wandering—that is, a shift in the contents of thought away from an ongoing task—can have detrimental consequences for students' reading comprehension. To date, no evidence is available on the effects of text‐to‐speech solutions on rates of mind wandering during reading.ObjectivesThe study aimed to evaluate the effects of text‐to‐speech technology on frequency of mind wandering and reading comprehension in young students with dyslexia (20) and typical development (50).MethodsStudents were presented, on a personal computer, texts and comprehension questions in two modalities: self‐paced silent reading and text‐to‐speech reading. Comprehension scores and mind wandering occurrence were considered. A battery of cognitive tasks and questionnaires on mind wandering and emotional traits was also included.ResultsThere were no differences in baseline rates of mind wandering between the two groups. In the text‐to‐speech condition, both groups showed better reading comprehension and reduced rates of mind wandering. Students with dyslexia were significantly more on task in the text‐to‐speech condition compared to the self‐paced reading condition.ImplicationsThese results suggest that text‐to‐speech might represent a reading solution that allows students with Dyslexia to diminish mind wandering during text‐to‐speech reading.
Working memory training in children with borderline intellectual functioning and neuropsychiatric disorders: a triple‐blind randomised controlled trial
Authors: Roording‐Ragetlie S. , Spaltman M. , de Groot E. , Klip H. , Buitelaar J. , Slaats‐Willemse D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPoor working memory, lower IQ and maladaptive behaviour form a triple disability known to have negative effects on the academic and social development of children with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF; IQ: 70 < IQ < 85) and neuropsychiatric disorders [attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD)]. Treatment possibilities for these children are scarce and hardly evidence based. This study primarily investigated whether adaptive computerised working memory training (WMT) may lead to significantly more improvement on a non‐trained visuospatial WM task compared with a non‐adaptive control WMT (placebo) in children with BIF and neuropsychiatric disorders. As secondary outcome measures, we used the scores on several non‐trained neuropsychological near‐transfer and far‐transfer tasks as well as behavioural measures.MethodWe conducted a triple‐blind placebo‐controlled randomised clinical trial in 72 children (aged 10;0–13;11 years, 53 boys, 19 girls) with BIF and comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders (ADHD = 37, ASD = 21, both = 14) that were referred to child and adolescent psychiatry care, between May 2012 and March 2019. Children completed the Dutch version of Cogmed WMT, either the adaptive training version or the non‐adaptive placebo version, 25 sessions (30–45 min a day), for 5 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the score on a non‐trained visuospatial working memory task. The primary outcome was measured before and directly after 5 weeks of WMT and again 6 months after training.ResultsA total of 375 children were screened for eligibility and 72 were randomised. No significantly higher levels of improvement over time were found on our primary outcome measure in the experimental WMT group compared with the placebo control WMT, nor in the secondary (near‐transfer and far‐transfer tasks) or tertiary (behavioural measures) outcome measures. However, this study did show changes over time for these measurements for both the experimental and placebo conditions.ConclusionsThis study was unable to document superior training effects over time of an adaptive WMT in children with BIF and neuropsychiatric disorders, compared with a placebo (non‐adaptive) WMT. The objectively documented changes over time in the non‐adaptive WMT arm suggest that these children with persistent impairments in WM may benefit from a structured learning environment that is associated with improvement of neurocognitive functioning and coping strategies. Further research is needed to examine which elements of cognitive training may be useful for which specific patients and to study long‐term effects of training.
Use of advanced intravenous conscious sedation techniques in complex oral surgery procedures: Comparison of midazolam, midazolam‐propofol and midazolam‐propofol‐alfentanil combinations
Authors: Offord David J. , Kingsford Nicola M. , Paterson Ross , Mather Craig I. , Robb Nigel D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThis retrospective observational study evaluates the safety and efficacy of intravenous sedation using midazolam only or combinations of two or three drugs including propofol and alfentanil for complex dental surgery such as implant placement or sinus augmentations.MethodsThe study analyses 60 patients aged 42–79 who required advanced sedation techniques for complex oral surgery procedures. Twenty patients had midazolam only (M), 10 patients a 2‐drug combination of midazolam and propofol (MP) and a third group of 30 patients had the combination of midazolam, propofol and alfentanil (MAP). The last two regimens were carried out under the supervision of a dedicated consultant anaesthetist.ResultsHigher mean minimum heart rate (beats/min) was observed in the midazolam group compared to the group sedated with the three‐drug regimen (p < 0.05). The time between the last drug administration (LDA) and end of surgery (EOS) was significantly longer (p < 0.005) in group M (≤45 mins) compared to the other two sedation groups MP and MAP (≤15 min). The final titration of midazolam of 11.2 ± 4 mg (5–20 mg) was significantly greater in group M than in either of group MP or MAP (p < 0.05).ConclusionIn patients requiring conscious sedation to undergo complex and lengthy oral surgery, a combination of agents (midazolam, propofol and alfentanil) can provide a predictable steady state of sedation up to the end of the surgery resulting in better operating conditions for the surgeon and improved patient co‐operation. The shorter duration of action drugs propofol and alfentanil improved haemodynamic stability, sedation quality and reduce the final doses of each sedative agent.
Capnodynamics—Measuring cardiac output via ventilation
Authors: Karlsson Jacob , Lönnqvist Per‐Arne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRecent studies have identified stable hemodynamics as a contributing factor to improve outcome in pediatric anesthesia. So far, most of the hemodynamic monitoring methods applied in children have been complex to apply and often not satisfactory validated. Standard mainstream carbon dioxide analysis in combination with real‐time mathematical analysis of the measured capnography data has enabled the development of dynamic capnography, a non‐invasively cardiac output monitoring method that can be applied without user practice or need for calibrations. Capnodynamic cardiac output assessment has been extensively validated against gold standard reference methods, both in experimental and clinical settings. This review will describe the principle behind dynamic capnography measurement of cardiac output and mixed venous oxygen saturation. Additionally, the methods limitations and challenges when applied in children will be delineated.
How Ostrom's design principles apply to large‐scale commons: Cooperation over international river basins
Authors: Shin Geiguen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMany conventional studies on common‐pool resources (CPRs) have examined the governance of local resources such as fisheries, forests, grazing systems, irrigation systems, agriculture, water resources, and land tenure. However, a limited selection of recent studies has been interested in large‐scale commons such as climate change, air pollution, and transboundary disputes. Despite Ostrom's design principles (DPs) providing a robust framework for solving CPR problems, there have been relatively few empirical challenges examining the effect of DPs on CPRs, especially in the large‐scale commons. This paper examines how Ostrom's DPs are applied to international commons that may cause complicated disputes among states. The case being studied is international rivers as international commons. Based on binary logit analysis, this research found that four of Ostrom's DPs—clear boundary, operational rules, monitoring system, and multi‐level governance—are positively associated with success in managing the international river commons (IRCs) as a CPR. Additionally, the results from fuzzy‐set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) partially indicate that the co‐occurrence of monitoring, conflict mechanisms, and multi‐level governance would lead to more successful IRCs.
Dynamic Buckling of 1-DOF Autonomous Potential Systems Under Tilted Cusp Catastrophe
Authors: Kounadis Anthony N. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nonlinear dynamic buckling of one-degree-of freedom (1-DOF) undamped systems under step loading (autonomous systems) of constant direction and infinite duration is discussed in detail using Catastrophe Theory. Attention is focused on the relation of static cuspoind catastrophes to the corresponding dynamic catastrophes for 1-DOF autonomous undamped systems by determining properly the dynamic singularity and bifurcational sets for such systems. Using local analysis one has to classify first the total potential energy (TPE) function of the system into one of the elementary Thom’s catastrophes by defining the corresponding control (unfolding) parameters. Subsequently, using global analyses one can readily obtain exact results for the dynamic buckling loads (DBLs) and their imperfection sensitivity of systems subjected to dynamic dual cusp and tilted cusp catastrophes. It was found that the maximum DBL of the dynamic tilted cusp catastrophe corresponds to a limit point lying in the vicinity of the hysteresis point (related to the static tilted cusp catastrophe). Numerical examples illustrate the methodology proposed herein.
Free Lateral Vibration of Columns and Beams With Arbitrary Thin-Walled Cross Sections
Authors: Bert Charles W. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper surveys the literature on vibration of axially loaded beams in general, and thin-walled, open-section beams with and without axial load. Finally, for what is believed to be the first time, a solution is presented for the problem of vibration of a thin-walled beam subject to transverse preload.
Anisotropic Elasticity and Multi-Material Singularities
Authors: Yin Wan-Lee 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Multi-material wedges associated with convergence of geometrical and material discontinuity generally show singular stress fields. Under a temperature load, the different sectors of the wedge experience incompatible thermal expansions. Jumps of the tangential thermal strains across the various radial interfaces of the wedge may be compensated by a suitable particular solution. The remote boundary condition are then taken care of by combining the particular solution with various eigensolutions of the wedge. In this work, a general scheme is developed for constructing particular solutions of arbitrary multi-material wedges under uniform temperature loads. These closed-form particular solutions generally contain terms with logarithmic dependence on the radial coordinate r. The solution scheme also yields particular solutions when the loading on the multi-material wedge is a uniform strain ϵz in the out-of plane direction.
Damage Initiation in Bonded Particulate Networks: 3D Simulations
Authors: Berhan L. , Wang C.-W. , Sastry A. M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Several promising Li-ion technologies incorporate micro- and nanoarchitectured carbon networks, typically in the form of whisker/particle blends bonded with thermoplastic binders, in the electrodes. Degradation of these battery electrode materials is currently a persistent problem, with damage presenting as blistering and/or delamination. We are investigating bonding in micro- and nanostructured materials in order to predict onset of this degradation of these stochastic materials. Here, we describe a general methodology in modeling the small junctures in these porous network materials. We have found previously that the joint properties are the controlling feature in a significant class of materials, and suggest that 3D simulations on the bonds may be used in 2D simulations of overall network behavior.
An Analytical Study of Post-Buckling of Debonded One-Dimensional Sandwich Plates
Authors: Sankar Bhavani V. , Sylwan Màrten 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
An analytical method is developed to study the problem of one-dimensional sandwich plates containing debonded face-sheets and subjected to in-plane compressive loads. The non-linear governing equations for the sandwich plate are solved to obtain a relation between the boundary forces and displacements in a matrix form as in the finite element method. The debonded sandwich plate is divided into four elements. The element stiffness matrices are assembled to obtain the global stiffness matrix, and the global equations are solved to obtain the displacements. The results include load/end-shortening relations. The method is found to be very efficient and accurate, and can be used to study the progressive damage of debonded sandwich plates under in-plane compressive loads.
Effect of Loading Conditions on Deformation and Failure of Composite Sandwich Structures
Authors: Daniel Isaac M. , Gdoutos Emmanuel E. , Abot Jandro L. , Wang Kuang-An 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
An investigation was conducted of failure modes and criteria for their occurrence in composite sandwich columns and beams. The initiation of the various failure modes depends on the material properties of the constituents (facings and core), geometric dimensions and type of loading. The loading type or condition determines the state of stress throughout the sandwich structure, which controls the location and mode of failure. The appropriate failure criteria at any point of the structure account for the biaxiality or triaxiality of the state of stress. The specimens were made of unidirectional carbon/epoxy facings and aluminum honeycomb and PVC closed-cell foam cores. The constituent materials were fully characterized and, in the case of the foam core, failure envelopes were developed for general two-dimensional states of stress. Sandwich specimens were loaded under bending moment, shear and axial loading and failure modes were observed and compared with analytical predictions. The failure modes investigated are face sheet compressive failure, adhesive bond failure, indentation failure, core failure and facing wrinkling. The transition from one failure mode to another for varying loading or state of stress was discussed. Experimental results were compared with analytical predictions.
Some Results and Issues in the Non-Destructive Evaluation of Sandwich Composite Structures
Authors: Ayorinde Emmanuel O. , Gibson Ronald F. , Deng Feizhong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper focuses on the use of basic NDE methods like ultrasonics, imaging and vibration testing to assess the integrity of some sandwich composites which have been subjected to transverse loading. Samples of a foam core, glass composite facing sandwich beam of varying thicknesses and end notch lengths were tested in three point bending and assessed by these NDE methods. The results show that core shear and indentation failures appear to be the prominent failure modes for these geometries and materials, and that changes in the damping and vibration modal frequencies of the beams can indicate damage states.
Light Weight Steel Technology Used in a Vehicle Design: Safety CAE Analysis
Authors: Alwan Jamil M. , Wu Chi-Chin , Sheng Thomas H. , Li Chunhui (Kevin) , Liu Yi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The automotive industry is facing new environmental requirements that call for more stringent rules to protect the environment and reduce material and resources usage. As such, the automotive industry is in more need to reduce fuel consumption and control emissions in order to meet the new environmental requirements. One of the methods that helps in acheiving lower fuel consumption targets is weight reduction. Making cars lighter sounds plausable, but is it acheivable without affecting vehicle Safety as well as other customer demands for more comfort and better vehicle performance (Criteria that are a must in today’s stringent safety requirements and competitive environment.). The body-in-white (BIW) accounts for about 25% of the total vehicle weight, and thus it provides a great opportunity for weight reduction. However, the challenge is not only to reduce the vehicle’s BIW weight, but also to maintain competitive vehicle functionality in Safety, NVH and Durability.
The studied technologies include: Generic Body Architecture, Tailor Welded Blanks, Ultra High Strength Steel, Structural Foams, and Structural Adhesives. Each of these technologies was benchmarked in terms of weight savings, vs Safety, NVH, and Durability functionalities. The models that were used for the technology prove outs are based on generic modified Body Architecture CAE models. It was shown that the total weight savings acheived from architecture alone was 24 lb (out of 707 lb initial BIW weight, thus making the weight savings close to 3.4%). In addition, the combination of Tailor welded blanks and Ultra high strength steel has resulted in an 80 lb reduction in the BIW weight, which is close to 11.3%. Structural foams showed an effective increase in roof crush strength, and showed potential enhancement for frontal crash pulses as well as potential shortening of front ends. On the other hand, structural adhesives showed enormous NVH benefits in stiffness with as little as 1% energy absorption enhancement for crash. Thus producing the perfect method to compensate the reduced body stiffness due to sheet metal gage reduction and replacement with Ultra High strength steel. By such both safety and NVH functionalities are complemented without weight increase.
Front-End Structural Crash Energy Management Concept for a Sport Utility Like Aluminum Vehicle
Authors: Baccouche Mohamed R. , Wagner David A. , Chen Xiaoming , Mahmood Hikmat F. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Front-end structural concepts used to enhance the crash energy management of a sport utility like aluminum vehicle are discussed in this paper. These structural concepts were applied to the front-end rails, subframe, and subframe extension. Epoxy-based foam reinforcement was applied to the 5754 aluminum front end rails, shearing was applied to the cast-hydro formed tubular subframe, and a new load path was implemented in the front end structure in the form of a subframe extension. Deceleration-time response was developed and benchmarked against target double plateau square pulse at the early stage of the design. Vehicle front-end design and analysis for US-NCAP 35 mph full frontal crash were conducted using concept and detailed nonlinear finite element codes. Concept modeling tools that were used in the initial design stages involve collapsible nonlinear beam finite element, strength and stability, and spring mass system codes. Detailed finite element code RADIOSS was applied to the analysis of the final front-end structural design.
Occupant responses and injury numbers were evaluated using MADYM03D rigid body and finite element code. Concept vehicle crash safety protection was evaluated and star-rated then benchmarked against 2000 and 2001 production SUVs. A paper study was conducted on a higher strength less ductile 6111T6 stamped aluminum alloy to further enhance the structure and enhance dash and floor intrusion. Structural collapse mode, deceleration-time response, and occupant simulation results show a good performance of aluminum front-end structures in managing crash energy and protecting vehicle occupants.
Developing New Methods of Improving Design Productivity by Focusing on Transitions Between Working Situations
Authors: Kristensen Kjetil , Hildre Hans Petter 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper gives an overview of the mechanisms behind transitions between working situations, and how effective transition mechanisms influence designer productivity. Effective transitions between working situations are based on knowledge conversion between tacit (implicit) and explicit (formalized) knowledge. Closing ongoing tasks represents micro-externalization or a conversion from tacit to explicit knowledge, and opening (new) tasks represents the reversed sequence, internalization, from explicit to tacit knowledge. These transitions assist the designer in shifting between different tasks, where knowledge that has been formalized makes the designer capable of starting the new task quicker than he or she would have been able to without the prior externalization process. Transitions between working situations can be divided into controlled transitions and forced transitions, where forced transitions are initiated by some external need, disturbance or interruption. It becomes increasingly important to pay attention to what mechanisms these different transitions represent, and how to manage them.