bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Investigation of Honey Bee Viruses Prevalence in Managed Honey Bees (Apis mellifera and Apis cerana) Undergone Colony Decline
Authors: Yuan Chunying , Jiang Xuejian , Liu Man , Yang Sa , Deng Shuai , Hou Chunsheng 
Published: July 2021

Objective:
In the absence of known clinical symptoms, viruses were considered to be the most probable key pathogens of honey bee. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of honey bee viruses in managed Apis mellifera and Apis cerana in China.

Methods:
We conducted a screening of 8 honey bee viruses on A. mellifera and A. cerana samples collected from 54 apiaries from 13 provinces in China using RT-PCR.

Results:
We found that the types and numbers of viral species significantly differed between A. mellifera and A. cerana. Black Queen Cell Virus (BQCV), Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus (CBPV), Apis mellifera filamentous virus (AmFV), and Kakugo virus (DWV-A/KV) were the primary viruses found in A. mellifera colonies, whereas Chinese Sacbrood Bee Virus (CSBV) and Sacbrood Bee Virus (SBV) were the primary viruses found in A. cerana. The percentage infection of BQCV and CSBV were 84.6% and 61.6% in all detected samples. We first detected the occurrences of Varroa destructor virus-1 (VDV-1 or DWV-B) and DWV-A/KV in China but not ABPV in both A. mellifera and A. cerana.

Conclusion:
This study showed that BQCV and CSBV are the major threat to investigated A. mellifera and A. cerana colonies.
Synthesis of 225Ac-PSMA-617 for Preclinical Use
Authors: Scott Peter James Henry , Dumond Alexandra Rae Sowa , Rodnick Melissa Elizabeth , Piert Morand Ruediger 
Published: July 2021

Background:
The recent approval of radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosis and treatment
of cancer is ushering nuclear medicine into a new era of theranostics and alpha therapy using radiopharmaceuticals
labeled with 225Ac shows remarkable results in clinical trials. As such, reliable
methods for the synthesis and quality control of 225Ac-radiopharmaceuticals are needed.

Objective:
225Ac-PSMA-617 is being used for targeted alpha therapy in patients with prostate cancer,
and we had cause to synthesize the agent for preclinical use. However, technology transfer
proved cumbersome owing to the paucity of information available on synthesizing and analyzing
225Ac-radiotherapeutics. To address this need, we describe a straightforward synthesis of 225Ac-PSMA-
617 as well as suitable approaches for quality control analysis using standard equipment in a
modern PET Center.

Methods:
PSMA-617 precursor was dissolved in 25 μL metal-free water (0.67 mg/mL) and combined
with 500 μL 0.05M Tris buffer, pH 9. Actinium stock solution (~65 μCi in 15 μL) was added
and the reaction was heated at 120°C for 40-50 min. The reaction was cooled and 0.6 mL gentisic
acid solution (4 mg/mL in 0.2 M NH4OAc) was added. To formulate the dose for injection, sterile
saline, USP (8 mL) was added and the pH was adjusted by the addition of 100 μL 0.05 M Tris buffer
(pH 9) to give a final pH of ~7.2. The final solution was filtered using a 0.22 μm GV sterile filter
into a sterile dose vial. Radiochemical purity was determined by radio-TLC (eluent: 50mM
Sodium Citrate, pH 5), and plates were analyzed using an AR2000 scanner.

Results:
The method provided 225Ac-PSMA-617 in high radiochemical yield (57 ± 3 μCi, >99%)
and radiochemical purity (98 ± 1%), formulated for preclinical studies (9 mL, pH = 7.2), n=3.

Conclusion:
A straightforward synthesis of 225Ac-PSMA-617 is described that will facilitate production
for (pre)clinical studies. The approach could also be applicable to the synthesis of other alpha
radiotherapeutics incorporating 225Ac.
Withdrawal Notice: Aiand Robotics: A Changing and Challenging Future of
Pharmacy
Authors: Singh Saranjit , Rajput Geeta , Narang R. K. , Kurmi Balak Das 
Published: July 2021

The article has been withdrawn from the journal The Chinese Journal of Artificial Intelligence due to language inconsistencies and incoherent text.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

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Identification of Flavonoids as Potent Inhibitors Against MERS-CoV
3C-like Protease
Authors: Javanshir Shahrzad , Abdi Fatemeh 
Published: July 2021

:
In 2012, a coronavirus was isolated from a patient with severe pneumonia. This betacoronavirus,
which appeared in Saudi Arabia, was named Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
(MERS-CoV). MERS-CoV is the sixth identified coronavirus that has the ability to infect
humans. The Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a zoonotic pathogen
transmitted between animals and humans. To date, MERS-CoV is responsible for an epidemic that
is still ongoing, but limited to the Arabian Peninsula, with a total number of more than 2000 cases
identified and a mortality rate of around 35%. The largest outbreaks of human-to-human transmission
were reported in Jeddah in 2014 and South Korea in 2015. This infection causes a high mortality
rate and no vaccine or medical countermeasures are currently available. Currently, no specific
treatment or vaccine is available against this virus. The current challenge is to contain the epidemic
and continue research efforts to develop a vaccine and a treatment. Certain flavonoids inhibit the replication
of viral RNA and have therapeutic potential against viruses and bacteria. Therefore, it is
suggested that flavonoids with these characteristics can be used as models to develop potent inhibitors
of MERS-CoV. This work reviews current knowledge and provides an update on MERS-CoV
and MERS-CoV 3Clpro virology, epidemiology, clinical features, and the use of flavonoids as potential
inhibitors and therapeutic agents for MERS-CoV, and MERS-CoV 3Clpro. This review tries
to elucidate the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of varied polyphenols against MERS-CoV
3C-like protease (3Clpro).
Long-term Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Public Sentiments in Mainland China: Sentiment Analysis of Social Media Posts
Authors: Tan Hao , Peng Sheng-Lan , Zhu Chun-Peng , You Zuo , Miao Ming-Cheng , Kuai Shu-Guang 
Published: July 2021

Background
The COVID-19 outbreak has induced negative emotions among people. These emotions are expressed by the public on social media and are rapidly spread across the internet, which could cause high levels of panic among the public. Understanding the changes in public sentiment on social media during the pandemic can provide valuable information for developing appropriate policies to reduce the negative impact of the pandemic on the public. Previous studies have consistently shown that the COVID-19 outbreak has had a devastating negative impact on public sentiment. However, it remains unclear whether there has been a variation in the public sentiment during the recovery phase of the pandemic.

Objective
In this study, we aim to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China by continuously tracking public sentiment on social media throughout 2020.

Methods
We collected 64,723,242 posts from Sina Weibo, China’s largest social media platform, and conducted a sentiment analysis based on natural language processing to analyze the emotions reflected in these posts.

Results
We found that the COVID-19 pandemic not only affected public sentiment on social media during the initial outbreak but also induced long-term negative effects even in the recovery period. These long-term negative effects were no longer correlated with the number of new confirmed COVID-19 cases both locally and nationwide during the recovery period, and they were not attributed to the postpandemic economic recession.

Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic induced long-term negative effects on public sentiment in mainland China even as the country recovered from the pandemic. Our study findings remind public health and government administrators of the need to pay attention to public mental health even once the pandemic has concluded.
Faktor Risiko Tumor Ganas Payudara Pada Pasien Rawat Jalan RSUD Andi Makkasau Kota Parepare
Authors: Magfirah Nurul , Haniarti  , Anggraeny Rini 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAK
Hasil pemeriksaan deteksi dini kanker payudara di Indonesia Tahun 2017 telah ditemukan 12.023tumor payudara, dan 3.079 curiga kanker payudara. Di antara 5 kanker yang paling sering dijumpai,kanker payudara tercatat mencapai 2,09 juta kasus. Untuk mencari faktor risiko tumor ganaspayudara seperti usia, riwayat melahirkan, riwayat menyusui, riwayat keluarga, riwayat menopause,dan riwayat pemakaian alat kontrasepsi hormonal. Metode survei analitik dengan desain casecontrol dengan jumlah sampel 80 responden yang terbagi atas sampel kasus sebanyak 40 respondendan sampel kontrol sebanyak 40 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah consecutivesampling dengan uji Chi-Square dan Odds Ratio. Faktor yang ditemukan sebagai faktor risikomeliputi usia (OR=19,0; CI95%=4,02-89,6), riwayat melahirkan (OR=2,17; CI95%=1,70-2,78),riwayat kanker dalam keluarga (OR=6,33; CI95%=1,28-31,1), riwayat menopause (OR=2,33;CI95%=1,78-3,05), riwayat pemakaian alat kontrasepsi hormonal (OR=6,33; CI95%=1,50-14,4),sedangkan riwayat menyusui tidak termasuk faktor risiko (OR=1,00; CI95%=0,39-2,50). Sebaiknyapeneliti selanjutnya melakukan uji multivariat, uji interaksi, dan confounding. Diharapkan petugaskesehatan melakukan penyuluhan tentang pemakaian kontrasepsi hormonal â‰¥ 5 tahun yang dapatmeningkatkan kejadian tumor ganas payudara.
Kata Kunci: Tumor Ganas Payudara, Umur, Melahirkan, Keluarga, Menopause, KB Hormonal
El capital intelectual en las organizaciones de economía solidaria
Authors: Rincón Soto Carlos Augusto , Molina Mora Francisco Ricardo , González González Patricia 
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es aportar a la discusión sobre como el capital solidario hace parte de la estructura del capital intelectual en las empresas de economía solidaria. Esto es importante, dado que al develar este intangible, incentiva su control y gestión, así como su respectiva investigación, lo que crea estrategias para optimizarlo, de modo que, esto podría clarificar los fines y mejorar los resultados de las entidades de economía solidaria. Este artículo desarrolla un marco conceptual y una revisión de literatura, así como un análisis interpretativo de los resultados. Los hallazgos mostraron que la literatura reconoce la existencia de otro factor en la economía solidaria, además, se encontró que la literatura sobre el factor C podría aportar a la descripción y elaboración de la caracterización de capital solidario.
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia on Admission Is Associated With Poorer Outcome in People With and Without Diabetes Hospitalized for COVID-19
Authors: Bellia Alfonso , Andreadi Aikaterini , Giudice Luca , De Taddeo Sofia , Maiorino Alessio , D’Ippolito Ilenia , Giorgino Federica Maria , Ruotolo Valeria , Romano Maria , Magrini Andrea , Di Daniele Nicola , Rogliani Paola , Lauro Davide 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
Identifying metabolic factors associated with critical disease can help to improve management of patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). High triglycerides and low HDL levels characterize the atherogenic dyslipidemia closely related to insulin resistance and diabetes. We examined associations of atherogenic dyslipidemia detected on admission with outcome of COVID-19 during hospitalization.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed clinical reports of 118 consecutive patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in Rome, Italy, between March and May 2020. Clinical characteristics, inflammation markers, and glucose and lipid metabolism parameters at admission were collected. Critical disease was defined as in-hospital death or need for endotracheal intubation. Associations were tested using logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS
Patients with critical COVID-19 (n = 43) were significantly older than those with noncritical disease (n = 75) and presented higher levels of fasting glucose, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, procalcitonin, and d-dimer (P &lt; 0.01 for all), whereas HDL levels were lower (P = 0.003). Atherogenic dyslipidemia was more frequent in patients with critical COVID-19 (46 vs. 24%, P = 0.011), as well as diabetes (37 vs. 19%, P = 0.026), and significantly associated with death or intubation (odds ratio 2.53 [95% CI 1.16–6.32], P = 0.018). Triglycerides were significantly associated with selected inflammatory biomarkers (P &lt; 0.05 for all) and poorer outcome of COVID-19 during hospitalization in both the overall population and the subgroup with atherogenic dyslipidemia.

CONCLUSIONS
Atherogenic dyslipidemia detected on admission can be associated with critical in-hospital course of COVID-19. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the hypothetical role of insulin resistance and related lipid abnormalities in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pathogenesis. Assessment of lipid profile should be encouraged in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
Fatigue Behavior of Monolithic Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramic Restorations: Effects of Conditionings of the Intaglio Surface and the Resin Cements
Authors: Dalla-Nora F , Guilardi LF , Zucuni CP , Valandro LF , Rippe MP 
Published: July 2021

SUMMARYObjective:This study assessed the effect of conditioning of the intaglio surface and resin cements on the fatigue behavior of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS) restorations cemented to a dentin analogue.Methods:ZLS ceramic (Ø=10 mm, thickness=1.5 mm) and dentin analogue (Ø=10 mm, thickness=2.0 mm) discs were produced and allocated according to the study factors, totaling nine study groups: ceramic surface treatment (three levels: hydrofluoric acid etching [HF]; self-etching ceramic primer [EP]; tribochemical silica coating [TBS]) and resin cement (three levels: 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate [nMDP]; MDP–containing conventional resin cement [MDP]; self-adhesive resin cement [SA]). The ceramic bonding surfaces were treated and cemented on the dentin analogue, and all the specimens were aged for 5000 thermal cycles (5°C–55°C) prior to fatigue testing. The stepwise fatigue test (20 Hz frequency) started with a load of 400 N (5000 cycles) followed by steps of 500, 600, and up to 1800 N (step-size: 100 N) at a maximum of 10,000 cycles each step. The specimens were loaded until failure (crack), which was detected by light transillumination and visual inspection at the end of each step. The fatigue failure load and number of cycles for failure data were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier (log-rank test; α=0.05). Topographic and fractographic analyses were also performed.Results:HF- (973.33–1206.67 N) and EP- (866.67–1066.67 N) treated specimens failed at statistically similar loads and higher than TBS (546.67–733.33 N), regardless of the cement used. All the fractographical inspections demonstrated failure as radial crack.Conclusion:The HF and EP treatments promoted better mechanical fatigue behavior of the ceramic restoration, while tribochemical silica coating induced worse fatigue results and should be avoided for treating the ZLS surface prior to bonding.
Characterization of Reinforced and Unreinforced Glass-Ceramic Veneers
Authors: Oliveira AR , Jodha KS , Marocho SM Salazar , Galhano GA 
Published: July 2021

SUMMARYThis study aimed to characterize the surface topography, effect of polishing on surface roughness, residual stresses, and hardness in two glass-ceramic veneers. Fifty-two (52) upper incisors were collected, prepared, and scanned for ceramic veneers. Half of the teeth were restored with veneers made up of feldspathic ceramic (FE), and the other half with zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (SZ). All the veneers were designed and milled using a CAD/CAM system and later cemented following the manufacturer's guideline. An optical microscope analyzed the topography of the specimens before and after polishing. The surface roughness was measured using the roughness meter (n=12) and the topographical analysis was carried out using an atomic force microscope (n=6). The residual stresses and Vickers' hardness were evaluated by the indentation method in a micro-hardness indenter (n=6). The surface roughness was analyzed using a three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a post hoc Tukey test. The Student t-test was used to compare the residual stresses and hardness between the two ceramics. The topographical analysis revealed that both glass-ceramic veneers had similar percentages of specimens with cracks, before (34.6%) and after (42.3%) polishing. The surface roughness decreased after polishing (p&lt;0.001), and the polishing smoothed out the surface of the veneers. The zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate veneer had a lower roughness as compared to the feldspathic one after polishing, while the residual stresses (p=0.722) and hardness (p=0.782) were statistically similar for both ceramic veneers.
Training of teachers for the implementation of universal design in educational activities
Authors: Byrko Nadiia , Tolchieva Hanna , Babiak Olha , Zamsha Anna , Fedorenko Oksana , Adamiuk Nataliia 
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the research is to determine ways in order to train teachers for the implementation of a universal design in educational activities at secondary education institutions. 378 teachers (Ukraine) on the Google-forms platform took part in the survey. It has been highlighted that the basic differences between the theory and practice of the implementation of inclusion and universal design are as follows: inclusion is more difficult to apply in practice; design needs clarification of some practical concepts. It has been determined that the most common methods of involving into the implementation of universal design are manifestation of enthusiasm, providing examples and feedback to students; representation through class discussions, laboratory experience and images; group discussions in the classroom, projects, workshops and tests. It has been noted that UD can be used to create educational applications in order to adapt the learning space to the needs of the student (elements of physical spaces and instructions in order to make them more accessible, useful, and comprehensive).
Professional training of specialists in acting based on the competence approach
Authors: Grin Liliya , Petrik Tatyana , Kuzmin Kostiantyn , Bilozub Liydmyla , Stadnichenko Nadiia , Goncharenko Iuliana 
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to establish a pattern for promoting the implementation of professional training of professionals in acting based on the competency approach, to establish the benefits of using the competency approach in educational institutions and identify acquired skills as a result training of specialists in acting based on the competence approach. Research methods based comparative analysis; systematization; generalization. It is established that the TOP-20 educational institutions that provide training for professionals in acting are mainly located in countries such as the United States, Great Britain, Hong Kong, Australia and France. It is determined that the educational process at Stanford University is focused on a theoretical course, and at the Kyiv National University of the Theater, Film and Television named after Ivan Karpenko-Kary there is a voluminous practical course, compared to Stanford University. As a result of the study it was found that the implementation of the competency approach is a complex process due to the large number of variables that should be taken into account both at the training course and at the individual level.
Relationship between Changes in Hematological Parameters, Levels of Acute Phase Proteins and Redox Homeostasis during Acute Babesia canis Infection in Dogs
Authors: Spariosu Kristina , Janjić Filip , Andrić Jelena Francuski , Radaković Milena , Beletić Anđelo , Filipović Milica Kovačević , Milanović Svetlana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Hemolysis and systemic acute inflammation characterize canine babesiosis caused by the intraerythrocytic protozoan parasite Babesia canis. Our hypothesis was that blood redox homeostasis of patients that suffered acute B. canis infection might be disturbed even after treatment with imidocarb-dipropionate and successful clinical recovery. Eight owner dogs with acute B. canis infection were used for this study. We analyzed the complete blood count, acute phase proteins (ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, paraoxonase-1) in the serum, antioxidant enzymes (catalase and glutathione peroxidase) in the erythrocytes, and oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde in erythrocytes and thiol groups in serum) at presentation and 15 days after treatment. Results were evaluated by corresponding statistical tests. At presentation, anemia, low/normal leukocyte count and severe thrombocytopenia occurred together with increased ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin levels within the reference interval, decreased paraoxonase-1 and compromised antioxidant defense in the red blood cells. After treatment and successful clinical recovery, hematological values generally fitted within the reference intervals, acute phase proteins were within the physiological levels in the majority of cases and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes were increased. However, elevated malondialdehyde levels indicated increased oxidative damage of erythrocytes that remained as a deleterious sequel despite a successful clinical recovery of the dogs.
Method-Related Impacts on Campylobacter coli Recovery From Sampling Materials And Meat
Authors: Lazou Thomai , Iossifidou Eleni , Dovas Chrysostomos 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A defined Campylobacter coli (C. coli) suspension was inoculated on sterile sampling materials (cotton bud, polyester bud, cellulose sponge) and pieces of lamb meat. Various combinations of diluents (phosphate buffer saline ± Tween®80) and sampling methods (direct homogenization, simulating the excision method for meat, and swabbing) were investigated for the recovery (detachment) of C. coli cells from the inoculated samples. The obtained C. coli bacteria, as quantified by real-time PCR with respect to the dilution factors and the initial inoculum, were used for the calculation of the recovery (%) per sampling material and method. Regarding artificially inoculated sampling materials, the lowest recovery was observed for cotton buds (2.8%) and the highest for cellulose sponge (28.9%), and the differences between the obtained results were statistically significant (P < 0.05). As regards lamb meat, the lowest recovery was observed for swabbing with cotton buds (3.2%) and the highest for direct homogenization (10.7%). The results indicate an overall low rate of bacterial recovery from contaminated samples, with cellulose sponges and polyester buds being significantly superior to cotton buds, and direct homogenization of meat with diluent better than swabbing. The type of sampling materials and methods applied for the quantification of C. coli entails a key impact on determining the actual contamination of the examined samples.