bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Pre Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among cement industry workers
Authors: Meo Sultan Ayoub , Muneif Yasser Abdullah Bin , Ben Nasser Abdullah , AlSadhan Mohammad Abdullah , Hashem Raed Fuad , Alobaisi Abdullah Saud 
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Occupational and environmental pollution have become an imperative jeopardy for developing devastating metabolic diseases. Limited animal model studies have examined the impact of exposure to cement dust on metabolic conditions. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of pre-diabetes and Type-2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) among non-smoking cement mill workers.
Methods: This epidemiological cross sectional study was conducted in the “Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia” during the period Oct 2016 to June 2017. Initially 310 cement mill workers were interviewed; after the interview and clinical history taking, 186 non-smoking cement mill employees were finally recruited. The cement mill employees were exposed to cement dust-related pollution in a cement industry for eight hours a day for six days a week. The mean age was 36.56 ± 0.78 years, mean BMI was 25.70 ± 0.29 m/kg2, and mean period of employment in the cement industry was 82.77 ± 6.95 months. HbA1c was measured using the Dimension Xpand Plus Integrated Chemistry System (USA).
Results: The cement mill employees were divided into three groups: non-diabetics group, with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <5.7%; pre-diabetics group, with HbA1c 5.7-6.4%; and diabetics group, with HbA1c >6.4%. Among the cement mill personnel, 79 (42.47%) were non-diabetics, 28 (15.05%) were pre-diabetics, and 79 (42.47%) were diabetics. The prevalence of pre-diabetes and T2DM among cement mill employees was considerably associated with the period of employment in the cement industry (p=0.032).
Conclusions: Exposure to cement dust was associated with an increased prevalence of pre- diabetes and T2DM among cement industry employees.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1266
How to cite this:Meo SA, Bin-Muneif YA, BenOmran NA, AlSadhan MA, Hashem RF, Alobaisi AS. Prevalence of Pre Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among cement industry workers. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(2):32-36. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1266
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The effects of maternal preeclampsia on inflammatory cytokines and clinical outcomes in premature infants
Authors: Cakir Salih Cagri , Dorum Bayram Ali , Koksal Nilgun , Ozkan Hilal 
Published: December 2021

Objective: To investigate the effects of maternal preeclampsia on inflammatory cytokines and neonatal outcomes in premature infants.
Methods: The study included preterm infants born at gestational age ≤32 weeks in a tertiary university hospital between January 2016 and January 2017. The study group consisted of infants born from mothers with preeclampsia (Group-1), and the control group consisted of infants born from normotensive mothers (Group-2). Demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes of the infants were recorded. IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α cytokine levels were measured from umbilical cord blood samples.
Results: A total of 108 infants were included in the study, of which 34 were in the Group-1 and 74 in the Group-2. Gestational ages (29 vs 30 weeks) of the infants in both groups were similar. There was no significant difference between the cytokine levels of infants with and without preeclampsia. The rate of small for gestational age, retinopathy of prematurity, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia were significantly higher at the infants with preeclampsia.
Conclusion: Maternal preeclampsia leads to an increase at the neonatal morbidities in premature infants without causing a significant alteration at the cytokine levels in cord blood.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1316
How to cite this:Cakir SC, Dorum BA, Koksal N, Ozkan H. The effects of maternal preeclampsia on inflammatory cytokines and clinical outcomes in premature infants. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(2):26-31. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1316
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
An exploration of hydration care for nursing home residents living with dementia
Authors: Greene Carolynn , Wilson Jennie , Tingle Alison , Loveday Heather 
Published: December 2021

Background/aims Older adults residing in nursing homes are vulnerable to dehydration. Residents living with dementia can experience additional challenges, making it difficult to independently consume sufficient fluids. The aim of this study was to describe the experience of hydration care for nursing home residents living with dementia. Methods Observations of hydration care were conducted between 06:00 and 22:45 on one care home unit. Twenty-two residents with dementia were eligible for observation. Conversations with staff and relatives provided further insights. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings Hydration care provision was highly routinised with little flexibility. Residents received limited support to express individual choices, and staff missed opportunities to provide drinks. More fluid was consumed when care staff developed strategies to encourage fluid intake. Conclusions Key factors to optimise hydration care include providing individual support to encourage fluid intake and expression of choice, flexible care routines, and focus on communication and teamworking.
Population and Nesting Behaviour of Weaver Ants, Oecophylla smaragdina from Meghalaya, India
Authors: Sangma Jonata Savio A , Prasad Surya Bali 
Published: December 2021

Weaver ants are known for their unique nest-building skills using leaves and larval-silk as a binding agent. The weaver ants, Oecophylla smaragdina are present in large numbers in the Ri-Bhoi district, Meghalaya. Ri-Bhoi district is a hot and humid place with 22 -30°C. This is the first study from this region to examine the nesting behavior along with the population of these ants from here. It was noted that they build nests in different types of trees but it is more abundant in needlewood trees (Schima wallichi) locally known as ‘diengngan.’ From the central trunk of the S. wallichi tree, the nearest distance of the nest is about 0.7 m and the farthest up to 3.4 m. The nests of O. smaragdina are somewhat round-oval and use leaves of different sizes ranging from 8-32 cm2. The nests are made at a height ranging from 4-25 m and their average nest size is about 9,483 cm3. They utilize about twenty leaves with a specific number of chambers to keep their broods, the queen, and food. The number of worker ants, pupae, and larvae are variable in different nests because of nest size, location/height of the nests, and the trees. When the nest population increases, they locate a new spot and build a satellite nest where they get the right amount of sunlight and shelter from predators and adverse environmental factors. These weaver ants are also used as medicine, food and fish bait by the indigenous people in Meghalaya.
Experimental investigation of linear and third-order nonlinear optical properties of pure CuO thin film using femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Ashour Mohamed , Abdel-Wahab M. Sh. , Shehata Abdullah , Tawfik Wael Z. , Azooz M. A. , Elfeky Souad A. , Mohamed Tarek 
Published: December 2021

This paper experimentally investigated the linear and third-order optical nonlinearities of a pure CuO thin film deposited on a soda-lime glass substrate. A single-phase film with 62 nm thickness was prepared using the direct current (DC) sputtering deposition process, the film structure was measured using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and a surface profilometer, while the film’s linear optical properties were measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The Z-scan technique was used to measure the nonlinear optical properties of a film that had been irradiated with 100 fs laser pulses using different excitation wavelengths at different incident laser powers. The results showed that increasing the excitation wavelength from 740 nm to 840 nm reduces the nonlinear absorption coefficient of the film from

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. The optical limiting of the CuO thin film was studied and found to be excitation wavelength dependent with limiting at high incident power.
Tikopia Collected: Raymond Firth and the Creation of Solomon Islands Cultural Heritage, Elizabeth Bonshek (2017)
Collecting in the South Sea: The Voyage of Bruni d’Entrecasteaux 1791–1794, Bronwen Douglas, Fanny Wonu Veys and Billie Lythberg (eds) (2018)
Resonant Histories: Pacific Artefacts and the Voyages of HMS Royalist 1890–1893, Alison Clark with Eve Haddow and Christopher Wright (2019)
Authors: Quanchi Max 
Published: December 2021

Review of: Tikopia Collected: Raymond Firth and the Creation of Solomon Islands Cultural Heritage, Elizabeth Bonshek (2017)
Canon Pyon: Sean Kingston Publishing, 222 pp.,
ISBN 978 1 90777 439 3 (hbk), £60

Collecting in the South Sea: The Voyage of Bruni d’Entrecasteaux 1791–1794, Bronwen Douglas, Fanny Wonu Veys and Billie Lythberg (eds) (2018)
Leiden: Sidestone Press, 381 pp.,
ISBN 978 9 08890 574 2 (pbk), €60

Resonant Histories: Pacific Artefacts and the Voyages of HMS Royalist 1890–1893, Alison Clark with Eve Haddow and Christopher Wright (2019)
Leiden: Sidestone Press, 272 pp.,
ISBN 978 9 08890 629 9 (pbk), €55
Phytotoxic effects of essential oils from Nepeta glocephalata Rech.f. and N. ispahanica Boiss. on se-lected weed species
Authors: DYANAT Marjan , ASGARI Farzad 
Published: December 2021

In the present study the bioherbicidal activity of essential oils hydrodistilled from Nepeta glocephalata Rech.f and N. ispahanica Boiss were investigated on four weed species (barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) and canary grass (Phalaris canariensis L.)). A total of 37 components were identified from the essential oils of N. glocephalata and N. ispahanica constituting approximately 98.61 % and 96.1 % of the oils, respectively. In laboratory bioassay different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 μl ml-1) of two Nepeta essential oils on germination, root and shoot length were studied. Results showed by increasing the concentration of oils, all studied traits of the weeds were decreased compared with control. In a glass house bioassay post-emergence application of Nepeta essential oils (1.25 %, 2.5 %, 5 % and 10 %, v/v) on 3-week-old weed plants caused visible injury (7-days after spray) ranging from chlorosis to necrosis of plant weeds. In foliar application under glasshouse conditions, both Nepeta essential oils reduced the seedling dry mass and concentrations of chlorophyll a chlorophyll b. The study concludes that Nepeta essential oils have phytotoxic effects and could be used as bioherbicides but the selectivity of these compounds should be considered also.
Development of efficient integrated management package against sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius [Fabricius, 1798])
Authors: TIPU Mohammad Monirul Hasan , JAHAN Raunak , RAHMAN Jubaidur , RAHMAN Md Mizanur , ISLAM Md Ariful , APU Md Mosiur Rahman Bhuyin 
Published: December 2021

The sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius, 1798) is one of the most damaging sweet potato pests. To prevent an economic crop loss, it is very important to develop a suitable and efficient integrated pest management strategy. A field experiment was set up with three replications at Jamalpur to select the best integrated management package from eight different treatments against sweet potato weevil. The results showed that the lowest percentage of infestation by number (2.94 %) and mass (3.22 %) was found when the crop was planted on November 01; earthing-up for two times, Carbofuran 5G was sprayed @ 15 kg ha-1 at 60 days after planting with irrigation and tuber was harvested at 130 days after planting. The marketable yield (23.75 kg) and percent increase of yield than control (50.86 %) performed the highest in the same combination. These findings suggested an effective integration of different management strategies to reduce sweet potato weevil infestation in Bangladesh successfully.
Evaluation of traits related to bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) root in drought tolerance applied at the beginning of vegetative and reproductive stages
Authors: ESKANDARI SHAHRAKI Arman , SOHANI Mohammad-Mehdi , HOOSHMAND Sadollah , AALAMI Ali , SAMIZADEH Habibullah 
Published: December 2021

Roots play an important role in wheat grain yield, especially under drought stress conditions. To investigate root characteristics under drought stress conditions in bread wheat, 90 lines F10 obtained from the crossing (‘Yecora Rojo’ × ‘Chinese Spring’) randomly with the parents of the population were examined. The study was conducted in the form of a split-plot design with a randomized complete block base in three conditions including: 1. no stress, 2. application of drought stress at the beginning of the vegetative stage, and 3. application of drought stress at the beginning of the reproductive stage. The results showed, interaction between genotype and condition of drought was significant for all root-related traits, except shallow root dry mass, at the level of 1 % probability. The response of root-related traits to different types of drought stress was very complex. The longest root length, decrease for 13.3 % was during stress at the beginning of the vegetative stage in comparison to non-stress conditions, while the same trait increased for 4.9 % during stress at the beginning of the reproductive stage, comparison to non-stress conditions. The results of principal component analysis under non-stress conditions showed that by considering the distribution of genotypes compared to the first two components, genotypes can be identified that have more yield with the proper root condition and vice versa.
Team Ventures and Acquisition Exits: Are Team-Founded Ventures More Likely to be Acquired?
Authors: Soleimani Leila , Keyhani Mohammad 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We investigate whether team ventures are more likely to be acquired than single-founder ventures, and if so, attempt to determine what number of founders results in the highest acquisition likelihood. Using the Kauffman Firm Survey (KFS) of US businesses started in 2004, our results indicate that team-founded new ventures are more likely to be acquired, and that there is a positive and diminishing relationship between team size and acquisition likelihood. This study contributes to the understanding of drivers of exit for new ventures, and opens up the new venture exit literature to future contributions of a team demography approach.
Effect of the Social and Cultural Control on Young Eastern Ethnic Minority Groups’ Online-Startup Motivation
Authors: Li Lifu , Kang Kyeong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study is developed based on particular social and cultural backgrounds and discovers young Eastern ethnic minority groups’ (EMGs) online-startup motivation on live streaming platforms. Drawing on the Hofstede cultural dimensions, this paper explores various influencing factors, including peers’ support, conservative thinking and family support. It analyses young Eastern EMGs’ entrepreneurial motivation and behaviour based on the Stimulus, Organism and Response (S-O-R) model. Compared with traditional research models, the combination of the Hofstede cultural theory and the S-O-R model could be conducive to make the research model reflect influencing factors and present their specific relationships. By analysing 531 valid online questionnaires based on the partial least squares path modelling and variance-based structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), the paper proves that peers’ support and family support can reduce young EMGs’ conservative thinking and positively affect young people EMGs’ online-startup motivation. Based on the analysis results, some suggestions are provided for related departments, aiming to enhance young EMGs’ online-startup confidence.
Segmentasi Citra Pembuluh Darah Retina Menggunakan Operasi Morfologi Iteratif
Authors: Nurdinawati Vita , Hendryani Atika , Barasabha Thareq 
Published: December 2021

Retinal vessel segmentation is part of the morphological extraction of retinal blood vessels that plays an essential role in medical image processing. Manual segmentation is possible to do, but it is time-consuming and requires special operators. Moreover, the possibility of variability between operators is vast. This study aims to answer the shortcomings of the manual segmentation process by automatically segmenting retinal blood vessels. The main contribution of this study is the use of a simple method to iteratively segment retinal blood vessels.Â All processes in the segmentation are simulated using Matlab. The algorithm was evaluated by comparing the results of the automatic segmentation with 20 manually segmented images from the STARE dataset. The result show specificity 98.13%, accuracy 93.60%, sensitivity 56.42%, precision 80.48%, and the dice coefficient 64.06%. In conclusion, the automatic retinal blood vessel image segmentation process worked well.
CHANGES OF SOME ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES IN LEAVES OF DROUGHT TOLERANT VARIETIES OF WHEAT FROM OLTENIA DURING VEGETATION STAGES
Authors: Babeanu Cristina , Paunescu Gabriela , Popa Daniela , Badita Alina Andrea 
Published: December 2021

In Oltenia drought is becoming a major environmental constraint on crop production and one of the solicited characteristics in the present in these area is drought tolerance. With that end in view, this study aims to thoroughly experiment of investigated varieties in comparative crops in the specific pedological, climatic and technological conditions of Oltenia in order to point out the most stable and high performance genotypes. One of the earliest responses of plants to drought is the accumulation of active oxygen species such as superoxide, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and singlet oxygenes. Plants protect cell systems from the cytotoxic effects of these active radicals using enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbat peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase and non-enzymatic antioxidants: glutathione, ascorbic acid and carotenoids. The current paper presents the changes of anti-oxidative indices in leaves of five varieties of wheat during
development time. We observed significant differences between behaviors from different genotypes.
Research on the Allelophatic Effect Between the Invasive Species Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L. (“Floarea Pustei”) and Some Agricultural Crops
Authors: HODIŞAN Nicolae , MORAR Gavrilă , NEAG Cristina-Maria 
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the results of the allelopathic effect on the germination and growth of plants, immediately after springing, in the interaction between the invasive species Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (common ragweed) and five crop species: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rye (Secale cereale L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), rape (Brassica napus L.) and lucerne (Medicago sativa).
The tests consisted in applying treatments with aqueous extracts obtained from young Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. plants, as well as from different vegetative organs harvested from mature plants (roots, leaves and seeds). The results show a highly significant inhibiting effect on the germination of wheat, rye, barley and rape seeds and an insignificant one in lucerne seeds. A strong inhibiting effect upon the growth of plants in early stages of vegetation was established in wheat and rape and a stimulation of growth in the same stage of vegetation in barley and lucerne.
Impact of Technologies of Obtaining Concentrated Fodder Upon Animal Nourishment and Environment
Authors: PĂUN Anişoara , GĂGEANU Paul , DANCIU Aurel 
Published: December 2021

The elaboration of technologies for cereal seeds is funded on livestock requirements corresponding to each fodder type, according to its aim.
When we elaborate these technologies we have to take into consideration, beside the quantity aspect, the essential aspect of quality:
-	quality of raw materials used in manufacturing process and of end product;
-	functional quality of equipment and installations;
-	quality of personnel involved in production process.
As the modern livestock aims at a sustainable development of food products by complying to food safety of those products resulted from livestock sector.
The strategy of animal feeding has a huge impact on the livestock, the animal and human health state and the environment protection.
The fodder processing and preparing are performed in order to raise their nutritive value, to increase the edibility and digestibility degree and to get some various and complete sorts of fodder recipes.
The installation for obtaining concentrated fodders-IONC- is designed to micro-farms having a livestock sector in order to supply from their own production the concentrated fodders for feeding animals and poultry, by processing according to various recipes and in the required quantities, the fodders on the farm.
Researches Regarding Wheat Cultivation by Applying the No-Tillage System with Gaspardo Gigante 600 Sowing Machine in the Current Crisis Circumstances
Authors: ŞARPE Nicolae , POIENARU Ştefan , MASCHIO Mirco 
Published: December 2021

During the ages, the superior plants from the spontaneous flora (savage form) such as wheat, barley, maize etc. grew on land that had never been ploughed. Man invented various tools to labour the land before and after sowing, for two main reasons: to fight the weeds, which are big water and nutrient consumers, and to be able to incorporate the organic and mineral fertilizers. Plant cultivation without ploughing the land is an idea that belongs to the Americans and the English and dates back in the 1930s. In England, many farmers use the no-tillage system and apply it in the following way: they treat meadows with Gramoxone and then, in autumn, they sow wheat or barley, using special sowing machines for this purpose, of course. The first experiments of this type in our country were made at the Prodagra Agricultural Company-Arad County, in the years 1999-2001, by Andru and Şarpe (2004), the 3-year average yield recorded being 4,320 kg/ha in the no-tillage system.
The experiments with wheat cultivated in the no-tillage system were continued by Nicolae Şarpe (2004) at the Chirnogi Agricultural Company from the Călăraşi County, in the specific conditions of the Flood Plain of the Danube River, the yield recorded being 4,830 kg/ha in the conventional system and respectively 4,830 kg/ha in the no-tillage system, in which the crop was sowed by means of a Gaspardo Gigante 600 sowing machine.