bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remote leadership in health care: a scoping review
Authors: Kiljunen Mari , Laukka Elina , Koskela Tarja K. , Kanste Outi Ilona 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
The degree of remote working has increased in the health-care sector, but remote leadership in health-care contexts has not been systematically studied. Thus, the purpose of this review was to map existing literature and research themes of remote leadership in health care and identify potential research gaps to guide future studies.

Design/methodology/approach
A scoping review with narrative synthesis was conducted, covering all published literature addressing remote, virtual, online or distance leadership practices. The ABI/INFORM Collection, CINALH, PsycArticles, Scopus and Web of Science, MedNar, Open Grey and PQDT Open databases were searched electronically, and Finnish Journal of eHealth and eWelfare was searched manually.

Findings
In total 15 articles were included in the review. Most literature concerning remote leadership in health care has been published during the past three decades. The main themes discerned in this research stream are related to interactions, work environments, leadership in practice, use of technology and needs for more study of remote leadership and guidance for remote leaders.

Research limitations/implications
Research on remote leadership in health care is limited, patchy and associated concepts vary substantially. More comprehensive research on the phenomenon is needed, with more systematic attention to, and coverage of, relevant populations, concepts, contexts and the identified themes.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this appears to be the first review to map research on remote leadership in health care and identify research gaps, which is important as its prevalence has rapidly increased.
Damage caused by black inks to the chemical properties of archaeological papyrus – analytical study
Authors: Mazen Bataa Sayed Mohamed , Ismail Badawi Mohamed , Ali Hassan Rushdya Rabee , Ali Mahmoud 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine the nature of archaeological papyrus damage and monitoring the mechanics of damage caused by black inks to the chemical properties of ancient papyrus.

Design/methodology/approach
This study the papyrus surface with a digital microscopy “USB,” examination and analyzing by “Scanning Electron Microscope,” characterization of black ink used in writing the ancient papyrus using “Scanning Electron Microscopy” with (EDX). Detection of changes in the chemical bonds of ancient papyrus samples by “Fourier transform infrared” FTIR.

Findings
The result confirmed that SEM examination showed the organization of the parenchyma cells that make up papyrus tissue. Characteristic waveform appears, it indicates the ancient Egyptian manufacturer’s use of the (Strips Method) in the process of manufacturing the archaeological papyrus. Also, the appearance of (Over Lapping) stacking of papyrus slides. EDX analysis showed that the black ink used to write the papyrus was (Carbon Ink). High oxygen content in the papyrus sample analysis indicates deterioration of the cellulose fibers. FTIR spectrum showed that Arabic gum is the bonding material for carbon ink particles, it also showed that archaeological papyrus suffers from hydrolysis due to exposure of papyrus fibers to high moisture content or direct water, resulting in smudge, bleeding and fading of carbon ink on the archaeological papyrus support.

Originality/value
The study is archaeological papyrus with black ink scripts from the excavation of the Qasr I brim.
Relationships between fasting glucose levels, lifestyle factors, and metabolic parameters in Korean adults without diagnosis of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kang Seo Young , Kim Young Sik 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the associations between fasting glucose level ranges with lifestyle factors and metabolic profiles among adults without previous diagnosis of diabetes.MethodsWe analyzed 13 625 adults without previous diagnosis of diabetes from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 2016 to 2018. We categorized fasting glucose levels (mg/dl) as follows: <90, 90 to 99, 100 to 109, 110 to 124, and ≥125. We evaluated trends in the proportions of individuals with obesity, abdominal, obesity, current smoking, heavy drinking, and low physical activity according to these categories, and the odds for uncontrolled blood pressure (BP), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), triglycerides (TG), and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) for each fasting glucose level compared to a fasting glucose level of <90 mg/dl.ResultsThe proportions of individuals with obesity, abdominal obesity, and heavy drinking increased according to fasting glucose level (P for trend <.05). The odds for BP ≥140/90 mm Hg, TG ≥150 mg/dl, HDL‐C < 40 mg/dl in men, and HDL‐C < 50 mg/dl in women increased with increasing fasting glucose levels; however, the odds for LDL‐C ≥ 130 mg/dl increased with increasing fasting glucose levels only in women. The increases in odds for uncontrolled BP and lipid profiles were mostly observed for fasting glucose levels ≥90 mg/dl.ConclusionsEfforts are needed to prevent increased fasting glucose levels, as higher levels, even within normal range, were associated with poor metabolic profiles.
P‐wave Velocity Structure of Crustal and Upper Mantle beneath South China and its Tectonic Implications
Authors: ZHENG Hongwei , LI Tingdong , HE Rizheng , YU Haiying , YANG Hui , WEN Yanlin , WANG Peng , LIU Fang , SUN Dongjun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe 3D P‐wave velocity structure beneath the South China Block was determined by applying arrival times from 269 teleseismic events recorded by 240 seismic stations within the study region. Our tomographic results reveal the deep structural characteristics of major tectonic units and ore concentration areas. There are distinct high velocity anomalies beneath the ancient Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks, with the lithosphere of the Cathaysia Block being thinner than the Yangtze Block; the Jiangnan orogenic belt, located in the combined zone of two blocks, is a high and low velocity anomaly conversion zone; the famous metallogenic belts of Edongnan, the Youjiang Basin and the Cathaysia Block are obviously low velocity areas with different metallogenic mechanisms. The deep ore‐forming material source in the Edongnan metallogenic belt is different from that of the Cathaysia Block. The low velocity anomaly under the Cathaysia Block related to mineralization results from the upwelling of mantle material, caused by the joint action of the Paleo‐Tethys tectonic domain, the Paleo‐Pacific tectonic domain and the Hainan mantle plume migration and erosion, which has been occurring from northeast to southwest since 80 Ma. The low‐temperature mineralization mechanism of Youjiang Basin should be considered not only in terms of the influence of the Emeishan mantle plume in the west and the Paleo‐Tethys tectonic domain in the south, but also in the context of the influence of the upwelling of asthenospheric material from the Paleo‐Pacific tectonic domain in the east.
Implementation and maintenance of an emergency department naloxone distribution and peer recovery specialist program
Authors: Jacka Brendan P. , Ziobrowski Hannah N. , Lawrence Alexis , Baird Janette , Wentz Anna E. , Marshall Brandon D. L. , Wightman Rachel S. , Mello Michael J. , Beaudoin Francesca L. , Samuels Elizabeth A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStudy ObjectiveEmergency department (ED)‐based naloxone distribution and peer‐based behavioral counseling have been shown to be feasible, but little is known about utilization maintenance over time and clinician, patient, and visit level factors influencing implementation.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of an ED overdose prevention program providing take‐home naloxone, behavioral counseling, and treatment linkage for patients treated for an opioid overdose at two Rhode Island EDs from 2017 to 2020: one tertiary referral center and a community hospital. Utilizing a Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE‐AIM) framework, we evaluated program reach, adoption, implementation modifiers, and maintenance using logistic and Poisson regression.ResultsSeven hundred forty two patients were discharged after an opioid overdose, comprising 966 visits (median: 32 visits per month; interquartile range: 29, 41). At least one intervention was provided at most (86%, 826/966) visits. Take‐home naloxone was provided at 69% of visits (637/919). Over half (51%, 495/966) received behavioral counseling and treatment referral (65%, 609/932). Almost all attending physicians provided take‐home naloxone (97%, 105/108), behavioral counseling (95%, 103/108), or treatment referral (95%, 103/108) at least once. Most residents and advanced practice practitioners (APPs) provided take home naloxone (78% residents; 72% APPs), behavioral counseling (76% residents; 67% APPs), and treatment referral (80% residents; 81% APPs) at least once. Most clinicians provided these services for over half of the opioid overdose patients they cared for. Patients were twice as likely to receive behavioral counseling when treated by an attending in combination with a resident and/or APP (adjusted odds ratio: 2.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.68, 3.12) compared to an attending alone. There was no depreciation in use over time.ConclusionsED naloxone distribution, behavioral counseling, and referral to treatment can be successfully integrated into usual emergency care and maintained over time with high reach and adoption. Further work is needed to identify low‐cost implementation strategies to improve services use and dissemination across clinical settings.
The Stop‐tabac smartphone application for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Etter Jean‐François , Khazaal Yasser 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsTo test whether the Stop‐tabac smartphone application (app) increased smoking cessation rates.DesignA two‐arm, parallel‐group, individually randomized, double‐blind, controlled trial.Setting and ParticipantsA total of 5293 daily smokers (Stop‐tabac = 2639, control = 2654) enrolled on app stores and on the internet in 2019–20, who lived in France or Switzerland.Intervention and comparatorThe Stop‐tabac application includes immediate feedback during episodes of craving and withdrawal; individually tailored counseling messages with notifications sent during 6 months; a discussion forum; fact sheets; modules on nicotine replacement therapy and e‐cigarettes; and calculators of cigarettes not smoked, money saved and days of life gained since quitting. The control application included five brief pages and calculators as above.MeasurementsPrimary outcome: self‐reported smoking cessation after 6 months (no puff of tobacco in the past 4 weeks), with non‐responders counted as smokers. Secondary outcome: self‐reported use of nicotine medications.FindingsParticipants were aged 36 years on average; 66% were women who smoked 15 cigarettes/day, and 64% screened positive for depression. Stop‐tabac participants used the app over a longer period than control participants (23 versus 11 days, P < 0.001). Smoking cessation rates after 6 months were 9.9% in the Stop‐tabac group versus 10.3% in the control group (odds ratio = 0.96, 95% confidence interval = 0.80–1.45, P = 0.63). Rates of use of nicotine medications after entry in the study were 38 versus 30% after 6 months (χ2 = 8.3, P = 0.004) in the Stop‐tabac and control groups. After 6 months, 26% of participants in the Stop‐tabac group and 8% in the control group said that the app helped them ‘a lot’ or ‘enormously’ to quit smoking (χ2 =  113, P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn smokers enrolled on the app stores and the internet, allocation to the Stop‐tabac smoking cessation app did not increase smoking cessation rates, but increased rates of use of nicotine medications.
Heterogeneous origin of IgE in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis revealed by B cell receptor repertoire analysis
Authors: Luo Lihua , Luo Yang , Xu Jing , Zhu Ronghui , Wu Jinghua , Liu Xiao , Li Wei , Yao Xu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundEpicutaneous sensitization is an important route for the production of IgE, and skin inflammation‐induced IgE has recently been reported having features of natural antibody. Atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis have differentially increased level of serum IgE; however, the production mechanism of IgE in these inflammatory skin diseases remains unknown.ObjectiveTo explore the origin of IgE in AD and psoriasis by analyzing the B cell receptor repertoire.MethodsmRNA was prepared from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of AD and psoriasis patients that had elevated serum levels of IgE, and immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) repertoires were sequenced after reverse transcription. Clonal lineages of B cells containing members expressing IgE were identified, and somatic hypermutations in IGH inherited from common ancestors within the clonal lineage were used to infer the relationships between B cells.ResultsThe proportions of IGHE from AD and psoriasis were higher than that of normal control, which were positively correlated with the levels of serum total IgE. The somatic hypermutation value of IGHE variable region was lower than that of IGHG and IGHA, but higher than IGHM and IGHD, indicating a mixed natural and adaptive origins of IgE; and psoriasis demonstrated lower level of hypermutation than AD. The Shannon indexes of CDR3 in IGHE of AD and psoriasis were higher than that of normal control, also supporting the natural origin. The VH usage of IgE was weakly biased in AD and psoriasis patients with high level of house dust mite‐specific IgE. Comparison of the number of shared mutations in multi‐isotype lineages containing IgE showed that isotype‐switching from IgG‐expressing B cells might be the major source of IgE in AD and psoriasis.ConclusionIgE has heterogeneous origin in AD and psoriasis, and skin inflammation may contribute to the increased production of natural IgE.
Role of cytochrome P450 2C8 genetic polymorphism and epoxygenase uncoupling in periodontal remodelling affecting orthodontic treatment
Authors: Yamoune Sabrina , Wintz Katharina , Niederau Christian , Craveiro Rogerio B. , Wolf Michael , Stingl Julia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn genome‐wide association studies, the CYP2C8 gene locus has been reported to be associated with bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw, a severe devastating side effect of antiresorptive bone treatment. The aim of this study was to elucidate the putative pathomechanism explaining the association between the genetic polymorphism with the alleles CYP2C8*2 and *3 causing low CYP2C8 activity, and disturbed periodontal remodelling in periodontal fibroblasts cultured from patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. CYP2C8 activity, enzyme expression and substrate metabolism were detected in human periodontal fibroblast cultures. Zoledronic acid caused enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in periodontal fibroblasts, which was enhanced by arachidonic acid as inflammatory signal. Enhanced bisphosphonate‐induced uncoupling of the CYP2C8 enzyme was detected in the variant allele (CYP2C8*3) with the result of increased H2O2 production and lowered substrate oxidation. Conversely, substrate (amodiaquine) addition led to decreased H2O2 production in isolated CYP2C8 enzymes, but in CYP2C8*3 enzyme, increased H2O2 was still detected, especially in presence of arachidonic acid. CYP2C8 variants leading to decreased enzyme activity in substrate oxidation may enhance ROS production by reaction uncoupling, and thus, contribute to difficulties in orthodontic treatment and the risk of side effects of antiresorptive drugs.
Benchmark dose and the adverse effects of exposure to pendimethalin at low dose in female rats
Authors: Gad Marwa F. , Mossa Abdel‐Tawab H. , Refaie Amel A. , Ibrahim Noha E. , Mohafrash Samia M. M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPendimethalin (PND) is a dinitroaniline herbicide widely used to control broadleaf and annual grasses. Although the acute oral toxicity of PND is >5 g/kg b.wt. in humans (LD50 for rats >5000 g/kg b.wt.), it has been classified as a possible human carcinogen. It is still used in agriculture so agricultural workers and their families, as well as consumers, can be exposed to this herbicide. The present study is the first report investigating the dose–response effect using the benchmark dose (BMD) and the adverse effects of exposure to PND at low dose via apoptosis responses linked to the expression of tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), FAS and BAX proteins; oxidative stress; and DNA and liver damage in female rats. The rats were exposed to PND via drinking water at doses equivalent to no‐observed‐adverse‐effect level (NOAEL = 100 mg/kg b.wt.), 200 and 400 mg/kg b.wt. for 28 days. PND caused the overexpression of TNF‐α, FAS and BAX; increased the levels of serum liver biomarkers; and increased oxidative stress in the liver and erythrocytes. Furthermore, it induced DNA and liver damage in a dose‐dependent manner. The BMD showed that serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total antioxidant capacity (78.4 and 30.1 mg/kg b.wt./day, respectively), lipid peroxidation in liver tissue (30.9 mg/kg b.wt./day), catalase in erythrocytes (14.0 mg/kg b.wt./day) and FAS expression in liver tissue (6.89 mg/kg b.wt./day) were highly sensitive biomarkers of PND toxicity. Our findings suggest the generation of reactive oxygen species as a possible mechanism of PND‐induced gene overexpression of tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), FAS and BAX proteins, oxidative stress and DNA and liver damage in female rats.
Primary immune thrombocytopenia in very elderly patients: particularities in presentation and management: results from the prospective CARMEN‐France Registry
Authors: Sokal Aurélien , de Nadaï Thomas , Maquet Julien , Comont Thibault , Limal Nicolas , Michel Marc , Beyne‐Rauzy Odile , Godeau Bertrand , Adoue Daniel , Mahévas Matthieu , Moulis Guillaume ,   the CARMEN investigators group
Published: November 2021

SummaryData about the presentation and the management of primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in very elderly patients (VEPs; aged ≥80 years) are lacking. The aim of the present study was to describe ITP in this subgroup. The data source was the prospective CARMEN‐France registry. Patients included between 2013 and 2018 were selected. ITP presentation and management in VEPs was compared to elderly patients (EPs; aged 65–79 years). We assessed factors associated with bleeding at ITP onset in VEPs. Of 541 patients, 184 were included: 87 in the VEP group and 97 in the EP group. The mean age was 85·7 years in the VEP group. Comorbidities were more frequent in the VEP group (67·4% vs. 47·9%). The median platelet count at ITP onset was similar but severe bleeding tended to be more frequent in VEPs (10·3% vs. 4·1%, P = 0·1) as well as mortality. Exposure to ITP drugs, response to first‐line treatment, need of second‐line treatment, evolution towards persistency, occurrence of bleeding, infection and thrombosis did not differ between groups. In VEPs, factors associated to bleeding were female sex [odds ratio (OR) 4·75, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·31–17·32] and platelet count of <20 × 109/l (OR 10·05, 95% CI 4·83–67·39). Exposure to anticoagulants was strongly associated with severe bleeding (OR 7·61, 95% CI 1·77–32·83).
How palmitoylation affects trafficking and signaling of membrane receptors
Authors: Jansen Maxime , Beaumelle Bruno 
Published: November 2021

AbstractS‐acylation (or palmitoylation) is a reversible post‐translational modification (PTM) that modulates protein activity, signalization and trafficking. Palmitoylation was found to significantly impact the activity of various membrane receptors involved in either pathogen entry, such as CCR5 (for HIV) and anthrax toxin receptors, cell proliferation (epidermal growth factor receptor), cardiac function (β‐Adrenergic receptor), or synaptic function (AMPA receptor). Palmitoylation of these membrane receptors indeed affects not only their internalization, localization, and activation, but also other PTMs such as phosphorylation. In this review, we discuss recent results showing how palmitoylation differently affects the biology of these membrane receptors.
Rehabilitation‐related treatment beliefs in adolescents: A qualitative study
Authors: Metzner Gloria , Höhn Cindy , Waldeck Edith , Stapel Matthias , Glattacker Manuela 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMedical rehabilitation plays an important role in the health care of chronically ill children and adolescents. During medical rehabilitation, supporting illness‐related self‐regulation is a central goal. Beliefs about illness and beliefs about treatment are core elements of patients' self‐regulation, and there is evidence that these beliefs are relevant predictors of different health‐ and treatment‐related outcomes such as adherence. However, little is known about adolescents' beliefs about rehabilitation. This study therefore explores adolescents' treatment beliefs in the context of inpatient medical rehabilitation.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted in a German rehabilitation clinic for children and adolescents. Using a purposive sampling method, 13 adolescents (12–16 years old) were recruited. Semi‐structured, audiotaped interviews were conducted and analysed using content analysis.ResultsResults demonstrate that adolescents have differentiated rehabilitation‐related treatment beliefs. Twelve themes, with various subthemes, emerged, which include access to and knowledge about rehabilitation, the rehabilitation‐related individual position and normative aspects, expectations of oneself, as well as in respect of the social context (fellow patients, contact with family and friends), expectations of the structure, process and outcome of rehabilitation, concerns and barriers and emotional aspects.ConclusionsOur explorative study revealed a broad range of rehabilitation‐related treatment beliefs in adolescents, indicating parallels, but also differences, to research results with adults. Treatment beliefs are assumed to be an influencing factor for various health‐ and treatment‐related outcomes. Thus, implications of our findings for clinical practice and further research are discussed.
Characteristics of dermatomyositis patients with and without associated malignancy
Authors: Lauinger Julia , Ghoreschi Kamran , Volc Sebastian 
Published: November 2021

SummaryBackgroundDermatomyositis belongs to the rare idiopathic, inflammatory myositis group. A previously postulated link between some cases of dermatomyositis and malignancy has been established in recent years. Criteria suggestive of a malignancy association are still being explored.Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from 63 patients with dermatomyositis over a period of 15 years.ResultsThe following criteria argue for cancer‐associated dermatomyositis: older age (> 52 years [P = 0.001], > 65 years [P = 0.002], ≥ 75 years [P = 0.002]), shorter time between manifestation and diagnosis of dermatomyositis (malignancy group: 59 days vs. non‐malignancy group: 137 days [P = 0.022]), typical skin involvement such as Gottron sign (P = 0.045), centrofacial erythema (P = 0.036) and typical erythema on the upper arms and forearms (P = 0.019), oropharyngeal involvement (P = 0.015) and increased ALT (P = 0.031). The following criteria argue for non‐cancer‐associated dermatomyositis: younger age (≤ 52 years [P = 0.001], 40–65 years [P = 0.045]) and pruritus (P = 0.026).ConclusionsThe aforementioned criteria have been documented in the literature, but reported findings are heterogenous concerning the suitability of their markers for malignancy association. Small study populations, few prospective controlled studies, summarization of different forms of myositis and inconsistent use nomenclature contribute to biased results. Our study aims to make an important contribution toward the identification of risk factors in cancer‐associated dermatomyositis.