bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimised Genetic Algorithm Crossover and Mutation Stage for Vehicle Routing Problem Pick-Up and Delivery with Time Windows
Authors: Ibrahim M F , Nurhakiki F R , Utama D M , Rizaki A A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Some problems happen in transportation and distribution. Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) can be applied in some systems above. Deciding the optimal route for every vehicle will impact increasing economic interests and expected logistical planning results. This research will raise the problem of a shipping and logistics company. There are 45 branch offices with one main depot to serve a certain area that will be a transit point before all packages will be sent to the destination. The vehicle will depart from the depot to all branch offices to delivers and pick the package up at certain hours. In every route, planning should be considered to the amount of load when loading and unloading. Every vehicle has carrying capacity, and every branch office has various loading and unloading service time windows. Based on the problem’s description, this research was conducted to find the optimal solution in the Vehicle Routing Problem Pick-up and Delivery with Time Windows (VRPPDTW). An optimised genetic algorithm was developed to solve these problems by adjusting the crossover and mutation stages. The result informs that the route proposed from optimised genetic algorithms is better than the company’s existing route in all aspects. On the other hand, we carried out an analysis effect of the number of iterations on distance traveled, the number of penalties, and the fitness value. This algorithm can be applied in VRPPDTW and produces an optimal solution.
Comparison of spectral responses of Cs2TiI6-
XBrX based Perovskite device with CdS and TiO2 Electron transport layer
Authors: Chakraborty Kunal , Paul Samrat 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article represents the spectral responses of a planar FTO/CdS or TiO2/Cs2TiI6-XBrX/CuSCN/Ag based structure where CdS and TiO2is used as Electron transport layer (ETL) and CuSCN as Hole transport layer (HTL) under 300 K temperature condition with the SCAPS-1D simulator. The simulation was performed at 750 nm thickness of Cs2TiI6-XBrX absorbing material where x = 0 to 6 to understand the quantum efficiency (QE) using two different ETL (CdS and TiO2). This article shows that TiO2as ETL has better spectral responses from 300 nm to 900 nm wavelength compare to CdS.
A review of NiO based composite electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage
Authors: Chatterjee Sujit , Bhattacharya Swapan Kumar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
At the present era supercapacitor is widely recognized as the most promising energy-storage device to meet the challenges of high power-supply, long cycle life and reliability. From literature it has well established that the electrode material is one of the significant components to determine their performance. In this regard, the three—dimensional hierarchical mesoporous unique NiO nanocomposites with large surface area, high electrical conductivity, low equivalent series resistance and possibility of advantageous proportionate mixing of suitable components, demonstrate substantial promise for high performance supercapacitor applications, because of synergistic effect. This review summarizes the NiO based nanocomposites for supercapacitor electrode materials as well as a brief overview regarding supercapacitors active electrode materials.
Exciton and Bi-exciton Binding Energy Calculation in a Core Shell Quantum Dot
Authors: Rana Shivani , Kabi Sanjib , Misra Kamakhya Prakash , Chattopadhyay Saikat 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We report the effect of shell thickness on exciton and biexciton binding energy calculation for a CdSe/ZnSe core shell quantum dot. Wentzel Kramers Brillouin approximation help us to create proper wave function for the system. It incorporates core shell boundary effect correctly. For excitons, the binding energy is affected by the Columbic confinement potentials and during biexciton binding energy calculation, the exchange and correlation effects were taken into account. It is observed that the excitonic binding energy shows an initial increase with increasing shell thickness but saturates for thick shell while it always gives a negative value for bi-excitonic binding energy. This confirms the existence of antibonding states for biexcitons.
Novel cryogenic coupling for loading LPG bullet truck
Authors: Bose Goutam Kumar , Mandal Tapas Kumar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This research work has been carried out in the Indian Oil Petronas private limited company’s plant located at Haldia, West Bengal, India. The study is related to the LPG Bullet Truck Loading. Due to higher customers (Cooking gas) demand it was necessary to improve the productivity of the gantry by about 10% to face the increasing demand. The time of LPG Bullet Truck fitting with loading arm needed improvement. This work is related to develop the bullet trucks loading capacity of the terminal to face the increasing demand. After successfully implementing the improved cryogenic coupling for loading the bullet truck the productivity improvement took place. The LPG bullet truck loading is increased average from 315 bullet trucks per day to 357 bullet trucks per day or LPG loading 5512.5 MT per day to 6247.5 MT per day i.e. equivalent to increase bullet trucks loading by 13 %. This will eventually save cost.
Effect of Particle Size on fluid flow and heat transfer in a Pipe with slurry flow
Authors: Mandal D. K. , Hazra A. , Biswas N. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A three-dimensional numerical simulation is carried out in a straight horizontal pipe to predict the impact of particle size on fluid flow and heat transfer of ash water slurry. Steady turbulent equations are solved by using commercial code Fluent. Eulerian Method is incorporated considering ash as granular material. Fly-ash particle diameter is varied with 12, 20, 28 and 34 µm suspended in water for a flow velocity 4m/s and solid concentration of 40%. The temperature of pipe wall is kept at 400K and the granular temp i.e. slurry temp is taken as 300K. Present study finds asymmetric velocity distribution at higher particle size. Pumping power increases with particle size. Granular pressure and heat transfer increases with particle size. Granular pressure is maximum at bottom of the wall.
Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel: Its Testing, Performance and Emission in an Unaltered Diesel Engine
Authors: Samanta Abhishek , Adhikary Anindya , Roy Prokash C 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Rapid climate changes with global warming are the primary dispute of the recent era cause of diesel engine emission. Among the probable fuels, biodiesel is the most promising one as the alternative of petroleum diesel. Biodiesel can be formed from residue of cooking oil by transesterification. The reaction rate can be increased with alkali Catalyst at a 55 °C temperature. The actions of waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCOB) compared with petroleum diesel were performed to observe the nature of an unaltered stationary diesel engine. In this study the specific fuels are: B10 biodiesel-diesel blend contained 10% WCOB and petroleum diesel (B0).The performance of an unaltered diesel engine fuelled with WCOB blend is examined in this study. In order to find out the performance results constant engine speed (1500 rpm) is being maintained during the experiments under 0%, 25%, 50% and 100% load conditions. It has been observed that when the engine setup was fuelled with WCOB blend B10, the performance depleted at mid to top load conditions but no drastic reduction in emission.
Mathematical Model Development of a Solar Assisted Liquid Desiccant Air Conditioning System with Fin Coil Dehumidifier
Authors: Paul S , Chowdhury S , Saha T , Ganguly A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A novel scheme of a solar assisted, liquid desiccant supported comfort air conditioning system has been proposed in this paper. The primary intent of the system is to supply air at 25°C and 52% relative humidity, even during the hot and humid summer months prevailing in the plains of sub-tropical countries like India. A mathematical model has been put forward to predict the output air temperature, humidity ratio and the effectiveness of dehumidifier as well as the regenerator. The predicted air humidity ratio has been validated against data available in the literature. The model has been used to predict the optimum mass flow rates required to achieve the desired output conditions for the selected location (Kolkata). The study thus strengthens the need and feasibility of solar assisted desiccant based air conditioning systems for the sub-tropical climates as a replacement of the traditional VCR (vapor compression refrigeration) systems.
Comparison of Vortex Induced Velocity Kinematics around Underwater Horizontal Cylinder with Vertical End Plate
Authors: Kuila A , Mukherjee B , Das S 
Published: February 2021

AbstractElectrical energy is harnessed from various natural sources to protect the environment and ecology which is termed as green energy sources. When vortex is induced on a cylinder, it starts vibrating according to the formation of vortex. The vibration is so strong that it can destroy any structure wherever alternating vortex is induced. Currently Vortex Induced Vibration is used to harness electrical energy from ocean, river and shallow water channel. In this paper, experimental investigations were conducted in flume to analyse the behaviour of underwater flow structures around a 5 cm horizontal cylinder placed transversely to the flow at 60% and 70% depths from water surface and simultaneously a 5 cm wide vertical end plate set at 8 cm downstream from cylinder. Fluctuating 3D velocity components around such plate cylinder combination were measured. From subsequent plotted contours, changing flow patterns in presence of vertical plate are analysed. Hydrodynamic flow features are shown by plotting absolute velocity fields and velocity vectors. It visualizes that streamlines separate first and then passes over the periphery of horizontal cylinder. The contour of turbulence kinetic energy confirms the presence of strong vortex in between horizontal cylinder and vertical plate. The horseshoe vortex at the upstream of cylinder becomes stronger due to the presence of vertical plate. The results from these two experiments are compared with the results observed in previous researches. With the increase in cylinder depth from water surface, the horseshoe vortices strength becomes stronger.
Differences in Pour Temperature Affect Hardness Properties of CuZn Brass Alloy through Metal Casting
Authors: Iqbal  , Ali Nurdin , Husin Husni , Akhyar  , Khairil  , Farhan Ahmad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study to evaluate the effect of pouring temperature on the Vickers hardness of CuZn brass alloys through metal casting. The pouring temperature varied from 1,060; 1,110; 1,160; 1,210; and 1,260 °C; while metal molds were not given preheat treatment or at room temperature conditions. The results obtained that the maximum hardness is 616 HV shown at 1,210 °C of the pouring temperature, while the minimum hardness is 574 HV can be seen at 1,210 °C of the pouring temperature. The significance of the difference in casting temperature on the hardness of CuZn brass alloy through metal casting was analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Generally, it appears that hardness increases with increasing pouring temperature. The effect of pouring temperature results in differences in solidifying rates and freezing intervals of brass alloys. Furthermore, it affects the grain structure growth of the brass alloy which led to the difference in Vickers hardness.
Working posture analysis of wall building activities in construction works using the OWAS method
Authors: Iqbal M , Angriani L , Hasanuddin I , Erwan F , Soewardi H , Hassan A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Activities of construction works are carried out manually and continuously with critical and repetitive working postures. The poor working condition causes fatigue, musculoskeletal disorder, in the worst case could lead to working accident. The paper discussed critical working postures of construction works of house construction project in Indonesia. Three mains activities have been identified to be studied, namely building up the brick wall, plastering the wall, and casting the concrete column. The activities were video recorded, the dimension of the work place and its component were measured and further analyzed in ergonomics laboratory. The postures were studied using Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS) method to identify their critical levels. The improvements were proposed to remove the critical posture and reduce the risk of injury. Result of the study showed that building up the brick wall was the most critical task since it has 2 critical postures, while plastering the wall and casting the concrete column have 1 critical posture respectively. The propose improvement has successfully removed the critical posture and reduce the risk of injury.
The design parameters’ analysis of typical support parts for the ferro-concrete roof beams reinforced with unweighted frame
Authors: Degtyarev G V , Salloum M R , Arraj S G Abo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
It is necessary to use ferro-concrete roof beams of considerable length, which, together with operational loads, often leads to an abnormal state of the latter, especially their support parts, in industrial buildings, especially in the presence of large spans, when they overlap. The option of strengthening the beam with an unweighted frame, in comparison with a typical solution is considered.
Technical and technological aspects of ensuring seismic stability during the construction of buildings and structures
Authors: Sekisov A N , Shipilova N A , Bortsov V N , Dolbnya D M , Kavkazi O 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The aim of the work is to consider the basic technical and technological aspects of ensuring the seismic resistance during the construction of buildings and structures, to study and analyze the existing technologies of earthquake-resistant construction, to identify their advantages and disadvantages, and the possibility of using them in mass construction. In addition, the analysis of the requirements of Building Codes of the Russian Federation for earthquake-resistant construction was carried out. This study presents the options for seismic isolation used in the world practice of earthquake-resistant construction. On the basis of the conducted studies, the conclusions about the effectiveness of seismic isolation methods, as well as the possibilities of achieving economic efficiency in the construction of earthquake-resistant buildings have been drawn. The paper gives recommendations on the earthquake-resistant construction technologies’ dissemination in Russia and the development of a regulatory framework in this area of construction.
Trihedral lattice towers with optimal cross-sectional shape
Authors: Chepurnenko A S , Sabitov L S , Yazyev B M , Galimyanova G R , Akhtyamova L Sh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article discusses a new design of triangular lattice supports and suggests a technique for optimizing their cross-sectional shape. Optimization is carried out from the condition of the cross-section being equally stable in two planes. Such relationships are found between the geometric parameters of the section, at which the moments of inertia take the maximum value.
Stress-strain state of the soil mass under the uniformly distributed load action adjacent to a vertical excavation
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan Z G , Luzin I N , Vanina Yu V , Ter-Martirosyan A Z 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article provides a solution to the problem of the stress-strain state of a soil mass adjacent to a vertical excavation when applying a uniformly distributed load on its surface. The solution of the problem was obtained by the method of trigonometric Ribere-Fileon series. The final expressions for the SSS components are provided. Contours of stresses and displacements are also shown.
The technical state experimental studies of construction with free support in the non-stationary oscillations’ analysis
Authors: Grigoryan M N , Polyakova T V , Kokareva Ya A , Parinov I A , Cherpakov A V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
An algorithm for the experimental determination of the defective zones of the construction with free support is presented. A reinforced concrete floor plate freely supported on both sides is studied as an example. The oscillation method is used as a diagnostic method. Impact loading is used as the excitation of non-stationary oscillations. The studies were carried out using an oscillation measuring setup. The research is based on the analysis of oscillation modes under non-stationary dynamic loading of an object. The analysis of oscillation modes makes it possible to detect the conditionally defective zones of floor plate.
Eco-sustainable architecture and comfortable living environment
Authors: Yazyeva S B , Mayatskaya I A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Eco-sustainable architecture strives to achieve the integration of the human habitat with natural ecosystem. It gives a rise for the harmonious development of all the components in this direction, allows to apply the methods of structures’ entire complex optimal design, taking into account the natural features of the area and the comfort of people living in this urban space. The problems associated with the peculiarities of the eco-houses’ construction are considered. The article focuses on the relationship of architectural, engineering, economic, socio-cultural and environmental aspects of modern structures’ design.
New type of hybrid housing structure for the city of Yerevan
Authors: Safaryan A Yu , Safaryan Yu A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The accumulated development experience in Yerevan over the past century (1920-2020) is analyzed taking into account the practice of housing designing and building of the past stage. Based on the analysis of the existing development experience and the studied material, a number of significant shortcomings in the space-planning solutions available for the housing currently in exploitation are identified.
Using the principles of sustainable architecture and the foreign experience, we offer the suggestions for the new type hybrid house structure with the possibility of variations in the number of stories and planning solutions. The expected effectiveness of these proposals‘ implementation in the development execution in Yerevan is assessed.
Analysis of the welded pipe joints state and the methods for increasing the bearing capacity of gas transmission systems‘ pipelines
Authors: Pirumyan N V , Stakyan M G , Khazaryan H A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The changes in the structural state of the weld material of gas pipes at different seam cross-sections are considered. The classification of external and internal weld defects caused by different types of factors carried out, the stress concentration in the transition zone of the weld to the pipe metal is the most significant factor. The analysis of atmospheric effects on the welded seams of pipelines, that initiate adsorption and electrochemical processes of the metal microstructure, which cause corrosion on the external surface of the weld, is given. Taking into account the non-stationary loading mode of pipes due to fluctuations in the internal gas pressure, corrosion and fatigue damages are also added to these defects, which cause the development of fatigue cracks, leading to a violation of the system’s tightness and even to the welds destruction. The method for increasing the bearing capacity of pipelines is proposed by applying a technological operation of the external surface plastic deformation of the weld and of the transition zone to the pipe metal, which creates residual compressive stresses that relieve working tensile stresses in the stress concentration zone.
Forced oscillations of beams with installation (Part II)
Authors: Kulterbaev Kh P , Vodakhova V A , Baragunova L A , Shogenova M M , Tsypinova A Kh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article (Part II) is a continuation of Part I, published in the same edition, where the spectral problem is considered. Part II examines two types of transverse beam oscillations: forced harmonic and forced random. The beam carries its own distributed mass and discrete mass. The source of oscillations is operating equipment with an element moving during technological operations. The mathematical model of oscillations is presented as a boundary value problem from the main partial differential equation of the hyperbolic type of the fourth order in the spatial coordinate, the second order in time, the boundary conditions and the conditions of the beam sections‘ conjugation. The technical theory of the rods‘ bending oscillations is used, based on Bernoulli‘s hypothesis about the beam plane cross-sections‘ invariability. The methods of variables separation and finite differences are applied. The algorithms for solving the problems have been developed, implemented in the Matlab software environment. Verification of the proposed mathematical models is demonstrated using the specific examples. The particular examples have been carried out and the practical conclusions have been outlined.
Procedure for digitalization of measures to create a gas distribution network
Authors: Yedukov D A , Yedukov V A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article describes the possibility of measures digitalization to create a gas distribution network. The description of processes at definition of the contract category on connection, performance and the statement of the design documentation is resulted. The analysis of possible reduction of actions terms at the expense of electronic geodetic database use, a uniform platform on coordination of gas distribution networks projects is carried out. As a result of the introduction of measures digitalization to create a gas distribution network, the contractual obligations term on the part of the gas distribution organization will be reduced to 3 calendar months.
Integral assessment of anti-corrosion materials‘ quality
Authors: Deryushev V V , Zaitseva M M , Kundryutskova I V , Ovchinnikov O S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In modern conditions, protective paint and varnish coatings are used everywhere to ensure the safety of metal structures and include the materials of various composition and application. The paints and varnishes market offers conventional hard and thixotropic anticorrosive coatings applied by the devices using airless spray technology. The article describes the experiment results, which consists in conducting a comparative analysis of protective materials in the framework of laboratory studies. The main physical and mechanical properties are determined. Modeling of anticorrosive coatings‘ indicators, which determine the degree of change in material properties in terms of adhesion, thickness, uniformity, flexibility and weather resistance of the treated surface of a metal structure, has been carried out. The values of the indicators were formed within the framework of the existing database, created and replenished using the real data obtained during the maintenance and repair of the existing facilities. The considered method is applicable for any number of analyzed surfaces and parameters of anticorrosive materials. As a result, it was found that the traditional coatings within the considered sufficiency indicators meet the specified requirements by 85-90=. However, the primer “Tectyl BT Coat” is the best option for using anticorrosive materials to protect the steel structures exposed to aggressive environmental influences. The sufficiency level for this primer is 92=, which determines its first place in the rating. The proposed method of experimental research and subsequent integral assessment of satisfying the requirements adequacy is versatile and is a tool that can be used when solving the problems of multi-criteria selection or ranking of a finite number of different anti-corrosion coatings or other objects.