bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MAJOR DEMOGRAPHIC CHALLENGES OF ARCTIC REGIONS IN RUSSIA
Authors: Пономарева Наталья Сергеевна , Елинсон Мария Альбертовна , Шарипова Василя Анатольевна 
Published: July 2021

В статье рассматриваются основные проблемы арктических регионов России. Анализируются некоторые результаты исследований, полученные в ходе ряда опросов. В результате проведенного анализа выявлены причины сокращения численности населения арктических регионов, а также плюсы и минусы заселения этих территорий.
Major problems of Russia’s Arctic regions are considered in the article. Some research results obtained through a number of surveys are being analyzed. Due to the analysis performed, reasons for the population decline in Arctic regions as well as pros and cons of inhabiting those areas are revealed.
DEPENDENCE OF THE NOISE LEVEL OF DRY FAN COOLING TOWERS ON THE POWER OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS
Authors: Тупов Владимир Борисович , Мухаметов Айнур Булатович 
Published: July 2021

Сухие вентиляторные градирни тепловых электрических станций могут быть источником превышения санитарных норм на территории станции и в окружающем районе. В статье проведен анализ уровня шума сухих вентиляторных градирен в зависимости от мощности тепловых электрических станций. Получена формула позволяющая определить изменение уровня звука сухих вентиляторных градирен в зависимости от электрической мощности тепловых электрических станций.
Dry fan cooling towers of thermal power plants can be a source of exceeding sanitary standards on the territory of the plant and in the surrounding area. The article analyzes the noise level of dry fan cooling towers depending on the power of thermal power plants. A formula has been obtained that makes it possible to determine the change in the sound level of dry fan cooling towers depending on the electrical power of thermal power plants.
DECISION MAKING IN MULTI-CRITERIA OPTIMIZATION WITH ELEMENTS OF FUZZY LOGIC
Authors: Хохрякова Юлия Владимировна 
Published: July 2021

В данной статье рассматривается задача многокритериальной оптимизации, в которой необходимо максимизировать набор параметров, в условиях неопределенности, размытости начальных условий и значений целевых функций.
This article deals with the problem of multi-criteria optimization, in which it is necessary to maximize the set of parameters in the conditions of uncertainty, a blurring of the initial conditions and the values of the objective functions.
ADVANTAGES, CHALLENGES, AND PROSPECTS VACUUM AND PLASMA ELECTRONICS
Authors: Быкадорова Анастасия Вячеславовна , Микаева Светлана Анатольевна 
Published: July 2021

В данной статье представлены преимущества, проблемы и перспективы вакуумной и плазменной электроники. Авторы рассмотрели, что такое вакуумная и плазменная электроника и на основе их литературного анализа провели дальнейшие исследования. Для этого обратились к результатам поиска, проведенного с целью определения актуальности данной темы. Приведены тенденции развития данных устройств.
This article presents the advantages, problems and prospects of vacuum and plasma electronics. The authors considered what vacuum and plasma electronics are and based on their literary analysis conducted further research. To do this, we turned to the results of a search conducted to determine the relevance of this topic. Trends in the development of these devices are presented.
METHODS AND DEVICES FOR TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION IN GAS FLOW METERS
Authors: Сухинец Жанна Артуровна , Валямова Ольга Олеговна , Гулин Артур Игоревич 
Published: July 2021

В статье рассмотрены типы средств измерения расхода газа, проведен анализ особенностей методов термокомпенсации и вопросов коррекции выходного сигнала расходомеров по температуре с помощью механических и электронных устройств компенсации.
The article discusses the types of gas flow measurement tools, analyzes the features of thermal compensation methods and issues of correcting the output signal of flow meters by temperature using mechanical and electronic compensation devices.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION INNOVATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Authors: Фотина Алёна Сергеевна 
Published: July 2021

В статье приведены результаты исследования развития информационно-коммуникационных технологий как инноваций в контексте реализации концепции целей устойчивого развития ООН 2030. Согласно результатам анализа определены инновационные тренды и перспективы развития.
The article presents the results of a research of the development of information and communication technologies as innovations in the context of the implementation of the concept of the UN Sustainable Development Goals 2030. According to the results of the analysis, innovative trends and development prospects are identified.
The Distant, Galaxy Cluster Environment of the Short GRB 161104A at z ∼ 0.8 and a Comparison to the Short GRB Host Population
Authors: Nugent A. E. , Fong W. , Dong Y. , Palmese A. , Leja J. , Escorial A. Rouco , Blanchard P. K. , Paterson K. , Chornock R. , Monson A. , Nicholl M. , Berger E. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We present optical observations of the Swift short-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) GRB 161104A and its host galaxy at z = 0.793 ± 0.003. We model the multiband photometry and spectroscopy with the stellar population inference code Prospector and explore the posterior using nested sampling. We find a mass-weighted age of t

m
= 2.12+0.23
−0.21 Gyr, stellar mass of

, metallicity of

, dust extinction of A

V
= 0.08+0.08
−0.05, and low star formation rate of 9.9 × 10−2
M
⊙ yr−1. These properties, along with a prominent 4000 Å break and optical absorption lines, classify this host as an early-type, quiescent galaxy. Using Dark Energy Survey galaxy catalogs, we demonstrate that the host of GRB 161104A resides on the outskirts of a galaxy cluster at z ≈ 0.8, situated ≈1 Mpc from the likely brightest cluster galaxy. We also present new modeling for 20 additional short GRB hosts (≈33% of which are early-type galaxies), finding population medians of

and t

m
= 1.07+1.98
−0.67 Gyr (68% confidence). We further find that the host of GRB 161104A is more distant, less massive, and younger than the four other short GRB hosts known to be associated with galaxy clusters. Cluster short GRBs have faint afterglows, in the lower ≈11% (≈30%) of observed X-ray (optical) luminosities. We place a lower limit on the fraction of short GRBs in galaxy clusters versus those in the field of ≈5%–13%, consistent with the fraction of stellar mass of ≈10%–20% in galaxy clusters at redshifts 0.1 ≤ z ≤ 0.8. Future studies that take advantage of wider-field and deeper cluster surveys are needed to understand the true rate of short GRBs in clusters and their effect on heavy-element enrichment in the intracluster medium.
Investigating Cold Dust Properties of 12 Nearby Dwarf Irregular Galaxies by Hierarchical Bayesian Spectral Energy Distribution Fitting
Authors: Chang Zhengxue , Zhou Jianjun , Lamperti Isabella , Saintongel Amélie , Esimbek Jarken , Li Dalei , He Yuxin , Qiu Jianjie , Li Jun , Zhou Zeming , Tang Xindi , Wu Gang , Ji Weiguang , Zhao Mengke , Zhou Minhua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Combining infrared and submillimeter observations and applying a two-temperature modified blackbody (TMBB) model with a hierarchical Bayesian technique, we model the spectral energy distribution of 12 nearby dwarf irregular (dIrr) galaxies. We aim to probe potential submillimeter excess emission at 350, 500, and 850 μm and investigate the properties of cold dust parameters. Based on the TMBB model with cold dust emissivity index (β
c) fixed to 2, one galaxy shows 500 μm excess emission and nine galaxies show excess at 850 μm (five of them still show 850 μm excess in the case of free β
c). We find that the 850 μm excess emission is easily detected in the dIrr galaxies with low star formation activity. The 850 μm excess is more frequent and more prominent in dIrr galaxies with low molecular hydrogen gas mass fraction or low ratios between cold dust mass and gas mass. As galaxies evolve, the ratios between atomic hydrogen gas mass and stellar mass decrease and the 850 μm excess emission tends to decrease or even disappear. Our results suggest that the cold dust temperature may increase, as the dIrr galaxies have more intense star formation or richer metallicity. There is a weak anticorrelation between the cold dust-to-stellar mass ratio and the specific star formation rate for our galaxies.
Star Formation Rate Function at z ∼ 4.5: An Analysis from Rest UV to Optical
Authors: Asada Yoshihisa , Ohta Kouji , Maeda Fumiya 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We present a star formation rate function (SFRF) at z ∼ 4.5 based on photometric data from the rest UV to optical of galaxies in the CANDELS GOODS-South field using spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting. We evaluate the incompleteness of our sample and correct for it to properly compare the SFRF in this study with those estimated based on other probes. The SFRF is obtained down to ∼10 M
⊙ yr−1, and it shows a significant excess compared to that estimated from the UV luminosity function and dust correction based on the UV spectral slope. As compared with the UV-based SFRF, the number density is larger by ∼1 dex at a fixed SFR, or the best-fit Schechter parameter of the characteristic SFR, SFR*, is larger by ∼1 dex. We extensively examine several assumptions on SED fitting to see the robustness of our result and find that the excess still exists even if the assumptions change such as star formation histories, dust extinction laws, and a one- or two-component model. By integrating our SFRF to 0.22 M
⊙ yr−1, the cosmic star formation rate density (CSFRD) at this epoch is calculated to be

4.53

−
0.87

+
0.94

×

10

−
2

M

⊙

yr

−
1

Mpc

−
3

, which is ∼0.25 dex larger than the previous measurement based on UV observations. We also find that galaxies with intensive star formation (>10 M
⊙ yr−1) occupy most of the CSFRD (∼80%), suggesting that star formation activity at this epoch is dominated by intensively star-forming galaxies.
The NANOGrav 12.5 yr Data Set: Search for an Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-wave Background
Authors: Arzoumanian Zaven , Baker Paul T. , Blumer Harsha , Bécsy Bence , Brazier Adam , Brook Paul R. , Burke-Spolaor Sarah , Chatterjee Shami , Chen Siyuan , Cordes James M. , Cornish Neil J. , Crawford Fronefield , Cromartie H. Thankful , DeCesar Megan E. , Demorest Paul B. , Dolch Timothy , Ellis Justin A. , Ferrara Elizabeth C. , Fiore William , Fonseca Emmanuel , Garver-Daniels Nathan , Gentile Peter A. , Good Deborah C. , Hazboun Jeffrey S. , Holgado A. Miguel , Islo Kristina , Jennings Ross J. , Jones Megan L. , Kaiser Andrew R. , Kaplan David L. , Kelley Luke Zoltan , Key Joey Shapiro , Laal Nima , Lam Michael T. , W. Lazio T. Joseph , Lorimer Duncan R. , Luo Jing , Lynch Ryan S. , Madison Dustin R. , McLaughlin Maura A. , Mingarelli Chiara M. F. , Ng Cherry , Nice David J. , Pennucci Timothy T. , Pol Nihan S. , Ransom Scott M. , Ray Paul S. , Shapiro-Albert Brent J. , Siemens Xavier , Simon Joseph , Spiewak Renée , Stairs Ingrid H. , Stinebring Daniel R. , Stovall Kevin , Sun Jerry P. , Swiggum Joseph K. , Taylor Stephen R. , Turner Jacob E. , Vallisneri Michele , Vigeland Sarah J. , Witt Caitlin A. ,   The NANOGrav Collaboration
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We search for an isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background (GWB) in the 12.5 yr pulsar-timing data set collected by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves. Our analysis finds strong evidence of a stochastic process, modeled as a power law, with common amplitude and spectral slope across pulsars. Under our fiducial model, the Bayesian posterior of the amplitude for an f
−2/3 power-law spectrum, expressed as the characteristic GW strain, has median 1.92 × 10−15 and 5%–95% quantiles of 1.37–2.67 × 10−15 at a reference frequency of

f

yr

=
1

yr

−
1

;

the Bayes factor in favor of the common-spectrum process versus independent red-noise processes in each pulsar exceeds 10,000. However, we find no statistically significant evidence that this process has quadrupolar spatial correlations, which we would consider necessary to claim a GWB detection consistent with general relativity. We find that the process has neither monopolar nor dipolar correlations, which may arise from, for example, reference clock or solar system ephemeris systematics, respectively. The amplitude posterior has significant support above previously reported upper limits; we explain this in terms of the Bayesian priors assumed for intrinsic pulsar red noise. We examine potential implications for the supermassive black hole binary population under the hypothesis that the signal is indeed astrophysical in nature.
Evaluation of cervical length by transabdominal and transvaginal scans during early pregnancy.
Authors: Ruwanpura L. , Wickramasinghe J. B. , Marasinghe P. , Ratnayake G. M. , Dias T. D. , Silva D. 
Published: July 2021

Objective
To compare the measurements and the client-preferences of transabdominal scan (TAS) and transvaginal scan (TVS) in assessing cervical length.
Method
A validation study with a cross sectional component on patient-preferences was conducted among 568 pregnant women with a period-of-amenorrahea between 11+0 to 22+6 weeks. Pre- and post-void TAS and a post-void TVS measurements were taken. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves were generated to assess the detection of short cervix using pre and post-void TAS at different lengths of the cervix.
Results
The mean (SD) age of the participants was 28.4(5.7) years with a mean gestation age of 14+1 weeks. The mean (SD) cervical lengths detected by the pre-void TAS, post-void TAS and TVS were 32.2 (5.8)mm, 28.9 (5.8) mm and 34.4 (5.3) mm respectively. Factors with significant association with a higher TVS cervical length were; increasing age (p
Updated Algorithm of Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention from Chronic Total Occlusion Club China
Authors: Ge Jun-Bo , Ge Lei , Huo Yong , Chen Ji-Yan , Wang Wei-Min , Zhang Bin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In 2018, the Chronic Total Occlusion Club China (CTOCC) presented a new CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (CTO PCI) algorithm. At the end of 2020, an updated CTOCC algorithm was proposed by this group after the adoption of innovative concepts and novel techniques in CTO PCI. The updated CTOCC algorithm summarizes the contemporary CTO PCI practices in China, in which simultaneous contralateral injection and careful angiographic review, along with strategic changes, are emphasized. Additionally, we provide some new recommendations for techniques such as the “move the cap” and “active greeting” techniques and investment procedures.
Viewing the Future Research Directions of Heart Failure from Ge's Phenotyping of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Zang Yan-Xiang , Li Wei-Min , Lou Qi , Wang Hong , Duan Yu-Chen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
At present, guideline-directed medical therapy of heart failure (HF) has achieved certain results, but the evidence mostly focuses on HF with reduced ejection fraction, and there are some problems in the research on HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), such as inconsistent inclusion criteria and unconvincing results. Therefore, it may be more individualized and targeted to perform classification, typing, and treatment of HF from aspects such as pathogenesis, etiology, or pathophysiology, but not ejection fraction, especially HFpEF with strong heterogeneity. Ge's phenotyping of HFpEF is based on etiology and pathology, aiming at improving the outcome of HFpEF and exploring new approaches for the prognosis of HF.
Effects of Probe Tip Placement on Static Acoustic Admittance at the Plane of Measurement
Authors: Sahu Preeti , Mahallik Debadatta 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Tympanograms are recorded at the plane of the probe tip in the ear canal, consequently, this recording is called a tympanogarm in the plane of measurement and it includes both the acoustic admittance of the trapped volume of air between the probe tip and the tympanic membrane and the admittance of the middle ear system at the tympanic membrane.

Materials and Methods:
Eighty three participations (166 ears- 85 right ears, 81 left ears) were selected for the study. participants who had negative middle ear pressure greater than -50dapa and + 50 dapa and air and bone conduction thresholds gap of equal or more than 15 dB were excluded from the study.

Data Analysis:
Pearson correlation coefficient was carried out to see the relationship between residual ear canal volume (RECV) and acoustic admittance (Ya) and as well as for the tympanometric peak pressure (TPP).

Results:
Results shows there is strong positive correlation (r =0.854, P <0.001) between the residual volume in the ear canal and admittance. Acoustic admittance were well correlated with the residual ear canal volume with coefficient of determination of r^2 = 0.793. In case of the middle ear pressure, it has been shown that there is positive moderate correlation (r = 0.679, P < 0.001) between the middle ear pressure and acoustic admittance with coefficient of determination of r^2 = 0.473.

Conclusion:
The shift of probe tip placement in the ear canal and middle ear pressure variation changes the acoustic admittance value during immitance audiometry.
Bilateral Nasolabial Cyst
Authors: Sahoo Soumick Ranjan , Sarma Mandira 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Nasolabial cyst is an uncommon nonodontogenic extraosseous cyst. Bilateral cysts are rare, and very few are reported in literature. They present as slow-growing swellings in the nasolabial region causing cosmetic deformity and nasal obstruction. We report a rare case of a 59-years-old female who was diagnosed as bilateral nasolabial cyst based on clinical and computed tomography scan findings and underwent excision by sublabial approach. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis.
Anterior Craniofacial Resection for Squamous Cell Carcinoma Ethmoid Sinus Involving Anterior Skull Base
Authors: Angral Sumeet , Varshney Saurabh , Arora Rajnish Kumar , Malhotra Manu , Tyagi Amit Kumar , Kumar Amit 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare form of head-and-neck malignancy, with an incidence of 3%, while SCC of the ethmoid sinus is even more infrequent with relatively few cases cited in the literature. Management of anterior skull base tumors is complex due to the anatomic detail of the region and the variety of tumors that occur in this area. Currently, the “gold standard” for surgery is the anterior craniofacial resection. A 61-year-old man with a locally advanced SCC of the ethmoid sinus involving orbit with intracranial extradural extension was surgically treated performing anterior craniofacial resection followed by adjuvant intensity-modulated radiation therapy to the tumor bed. Currently, the “gold standard” for ethmoid carcinoma with intracranial extension is the anterior craniofacial approach. It allows wide exposure of the complex anatomical structures at the base of the skull permitting monobloc tumor resection. A multidisplinary team approach involving an otolaryngologist, neurosurgeon, plastic surgeon, pathologist, and radiologist is required for effective management of these tumors.
Outcomes of femtosecond laser cataract surgery in an Egyptian cohort
Authors: Gharib Ahmed Fathy , Shama Ahmed El-Sayed , Mostafa Yehia Salah , Sherif Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: July 2021

Aim
This study aimed to compare the visual outcomes and safety of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) to conventional phacoemulsification (CP).

Design
This was a prospective nonrandomized interventional clinical study.

Methodology
Hundred eyes with nuclear cataract were divided into two groups: group A (50 eyes) underwent FLACS using the LenSx platform (Alcon Laboratories Inc., Fort Worth, Texas, USA) and group B (50 eyes) underwent CP surgery using the Centurion Vision System (Alcon Laboratories Inc., USA). Preoperative assessment included visual acuity (VA) testing, nuclear grading and specular microscopy. Ultrasound (US) total time, cumulative dissipated energy (CDE) and amount of irrigating fluid used were recorded. Postoperative assessment at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months included uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and specular microscopy. Intra- or postoperative complications were recorded.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference in the US total time between both groups as a whole (P=0.248) and in each subgroup (P=0.379, 0.316 and 0.681 for NC grades 1, 2 and 3, respectively). CDE was statistically lower in FLACS with NC grade 2 (P=0.005) and 3 (P=0.006), with no significant difference with NC grade 1 (P=0.521). Irrigating fluid volume was significantly lower in the CP group as a whole (P≤0.001) and in each subgroup (P=0.004, <0.001 and <0.001 for grades 1, 2 and 3 NC). There was no significant difference between both groups in % endothelial cell loss (ECL), change in CCT, UCVA and BCVA at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months. No complications were recorded, except one case of incomplete capsulotomy with FLACS.

Conclusion
FLACS was associated with lower CDE than CP. However, visual outcomes were similar in both techniques.
Relationship between Double Leg Lowering Test and Core Strength Test of the Lumbar Spine in Normal Healthy Individuals
Authors: Rathod Sheshna Rameshchandra , Vyas Neeta J. , Sorani Dinesh Mohanbhai 
Published: July 2021

Introduction:
Core stability relies on the effectiveness of abdominal muscle function in their stabilizing role. A wide variety of tests are available to quantify the strength of trunk muscles.

Aim:
The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between double-leg-lowering (DLL) test and core strength test in normal healthy individuals.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted on 843 volunteers between the ages of 18 and 60 years. Assessment of core strength was done using a pressure biofeedback unit. The actual task, i.e., abdominal draw-in the test was performed with the subject lying in a prone position. Then, pressure reduction which was held up to at least 10 s was noted. The DLL test was performed with the subject lying in supine position with hands folded across the body on a plinth. The therapist passively raised both the lower limbs simultaneously to 90° hip flexion with the knees kept straight. Subjects then performed a posterior pelvic tilt and maintained this position while slowly lowering the legs to horizontal. The angle at which the back arched was noted. Grading was done in a similar manner for three times with a rest-period of 1 min in between the repeats. The best of the three repetitions was used for the analysis.

Results:
Spearman's correlation coefficient (ρ) between core strength test and DLL test was found to be 0.24. The median for DLL test was 4 and pressure reduction on the pressure biofeedback unit was 9 mmHg.

Conclusions:
We found that there is weak positive correlation between the core strength test and DLL test.