bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late Presentation of Linezolid-Induced Serotonin Syndrome After Maprotiline and Mirtazapine Therapy: A Case Report
Authors: Alotaibi Meshal Saud , Yousuf Abdalla Zarrouq , Khan Aslam , Alshammari Nwair Saad 
Published: January 2021

Objective
This report describes a 45-year-old man who developed serotonin syndrome on day 13 of linezolid therapy. This is unusual as it typically appears within 24 hours of linezolid initiation.

Methods
The patient did not receive any serotonergic agents concurrently with linezolid; maprotiline and mirtazapine were stopped 17 days before the development of serotonin syndrome. On day 13 of linezolid administration, the patient exhibited diaphoresis, fever, confusion, agitation, disorientation, anxiety, and restlessness. His blood pressure was elevated with persistent tachycardia. He was then diagnosed with serotonin syndrome using the Hunter criteria.

Results
Linezolid was discontinued and supportive measures were initiated, which resulted in the complete resolution of the syndrome.

Conclusions
This case report highlights that linezolid-induced serotonin syndrome can occur late in the course of therapy and the importance of the serotonergic agent washout period before the introduction of linezolid. A multidisciplinary team is important for optimal diagnosis and management of such cases.
Reduced Occipital Cortex Excitability in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Cengiz Bülent , Fidancı Halit , Baltacı Hande , Türksoy Ece , Kuruoğlu Reha 
Published: January 2021

Purpose:
In addition to motor cortex involvement, sensory abnormalities have been demonstrated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), including structural and metabolic alterations in the occipital cortex. The aim of this study was to examine occipital excitability changes in ALS.

Methods:
Twenty-one patients with ALS and 16 healthy subjects were enrolled into the study. Phosphene experience and phosphene threshold were studied to assess occipital excitability. Cognitive function was evaluated in both groups by means of Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised visuospatial score tests.

Results:
Phosphene was experienced in 13 (81.3%) healthy subjects and 9 (42.9%) patients with ALS (P = 0.04). The mean phosphene threshold was not significantly different between the two groups. No correlation existed between phosphene threshold and motor cortical excitability parameters, ALS Functional Rating Scale Revised, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised scores.

Conclusions:
Visual cortex is affected, and the occipital excitability is reduced in ALS, without any relation to motor cortical excitability changes, providing another clue suggestive of sensory involvement in ALS.
Assessments of heavy lift UAV quadcopter drone to support COVID 19 vaccine cold chain delivery for indigenous people in remote areas in South East Asia
Authors: Adwibowo Andrio 
Published: January 2021

AbstractVaccine delivery is one important aspect need to be strengthened within health systems. One of the main challenges in COVID 19 vaccine delivery is how to cover indigenous population in remote and isolated forests in South East Asia. Another issue in COVID 19 cold chain delivery is requirement for a carrier that can maintain the suitable storage temperature. Related to this condition, COVID 19 vaccine should be delivered using heavy vaccine cooler box and this demand delivery system equipped with heavy lift capacity. In here, this study proposes and assess the potential used of heavy lift UAV quadcopter to expand the COVID 19 vaccine delivery to indigenous people living in village that impeded by rugged terrain. The landscape and terrain analysis show that access to the villages was dominated by 15%-45% slopes and the available access is only 1.5 m width trail. To transport 500 vials with 10 kg carrier along 2 km trail, it requires 2 persons to walk for 1 hour. By using drone, a straight line route with a length of 1.5 km can be developed. There were at least 3 drone types were available commercially to lift 10 kg load and several drones with payload capacity below 10 kg. For carrying 100 vials to village using drones, it is estimated the required delivery time was 1.23-1.38 minutes. Around 1.57-1.66 minute delivery times were required to transport 250 vials. For carrying the maximum and full loads of 500 vials or equals to 10 kg load, a drone requires in average of 3.13 minute delivery times. This required drone delivery time is significantly below the required time by walking that almost 1 hour. Drones were limited by flight operational times. Whereas all required delivery times for each drone assessed in this study were still below the drone operational time. The lowest drone operational time was 16 minutes and this is still higher than the time required for a drone to deliver the vaccine. Considering the effectiveness and anticipating vaccine vaccination, UAV quadcopter drone is a feasible option to support COVID 19 vaccine delivery to reach indigenous people in isolated areas.
Exploration of interethnic variation in the ibuprofen metabolizing enzyme CYP2C9: a genetic-based cautionary guide for treatment of COVID-19 symptoms
Authors: Almarzooq Ammar Ali 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is a rapidly spreading infectious illness that causes a debilitating respiratory syndrome. While non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), may be prescribed for the management of pain and fever, there was early controversy on the use of ibuprofen for symptomatic treatment of COVID-19. P450 enzyme CYP2C9 are known to be involved in the metabolism of NSAIDs. Although no study has been conducted in the setting of population genetics in patients with COVID-19 yet, there are plausible mechanisms by which genetic determinants may play a role in adverse drug reactions (ADRs). In this work, we adjusted expected phenotype frequencies based on racial demographic models dependent on population ancestry in drug responses and toxicity events associated with ibuprofen treatment. A cohort of 101 Jordanian Arab samples retrospectively were selected and genotyped using Affymetrix DMET Plus Premier Package, within the context of over 100,000 global subjects in 417 published reports. European populations are 7.2x more likely to show impaired ibuprofen metabolism than Sub-Saharan populations, and 4.5x more likely than East Asian ancestry populations. Hence, a proactive assessment of the most likely gene-drug candidates will lead to more effective treatments and a better understanding of the role of pharmacogenetics for COVID-19.
Unique brewing-relevant properties of a strain ofSaccharomyces jureiisolated from ash (Fraxinus excelsior)
Authors: Hutzler Mathias , Michel Maximilian , Kunz Oliver , Kuusisto Tiina , Magalhães Frederico , Krogerus Kristoffer , Gibson Brian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe successful application ofSaccharomyces eubayanusandSaccharomyces paradoxusin brewery fermentations has highlighted the potential of wild yeast for brewing, and prompted investigation into the application potential of other members of the genus. Here, we evaluate, for the first time, the brewing potential ofSaccharomyces jurei. The newly isolated strain from an ash tree (Fraxinus excelsior) in Upper Bavaria, Germany, close to the river Isar, was used to ferment a 12°P wort at 15°C. Performance was compared directly with that of a reference lager strain (TUM 34/70) and theS. eubayanustype strain. Both wild yeast rapidly depleted simple sugars and thereafter exhibited a lag phase before maltose utilization. This phase lasted for 4 and 10 days forS. eubayanusandS. jurei, respectively.S. eubayanusutilized fully the available maltose but, consistent with previous reports, did not use maltotriose.S. jurei, in contrast, utilized approx. 50% of the maltotriose available, making this the first report of maltotriose utilization in a wildSaccharomycesspecies. Maltotriose use was directly related to alcohol yield with 5.5, 4.9, and 4.5 % ABV produced byS. pastorianus, S. jureiandS. eubayanus. Beers also differed with respect to aroma volatiles, with a high level (0.4 mg/L) of the apple/aniseed aroma ethyl hexanoate inS. jureibeers, whileS. eubayanusbeers had a high level of phenylethanol (100 mg/L). A trained panel rated all beers as being of high quality, but noted clear differences. A phenolic spice/clove note was prominent inS. jureibeer. This was less pronounced in theS. eubayanusbeers, despite analytical levels of 4-vinylguaiacol being similar. Tropical fruit notes were pronounced inS. jureibeers, possibly resulting from the high level of ethyl hexanoate. Herein, we present the successful results of the first intentional application of S.jureias a yeast for beer fermentation known to us and compare its fermentation performance to other species of the genus. Results indicate considerable potential forS. jureiapplication in brewing, with clear advantages compared to other wildSaccharomycesspecies.
Pheromone binding protein shapes olfactory temporal resolution
Authors: Shiota Yusuke , Sakurai Takeshi , Ando Noriyasu , Haupt Stephan Shuichi , Mitsuno Hidefumi , Daimon Takaaki , Kanzaki Ryohei 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMale moths are capable of orienting towards conspecific females using sex pheromones. Since pheromones are distributed as discontinuous plumes owing to air turbulence, tracking intermittent stimuli with high temporal resolution is suggested to be important for efficient localisation. Here, using a pheromone binding protein (BmPBP1) knockout silkmoth, we revealed that the loss of functional pheromone binding protein altered antennal response kinetics resulting in reduced temporal resolution to intermittent pheromone stimuli on the antennae. Behavioural analysis revealed thatBmPBP1-knockout males exhibited significantly less straight walking, which occurs when detecting pheromone stimuli, especially to high frequency stimuli. Accordingly,BmPBP1-knockout males took a significantly longer time to locate pheromone sources and females than did wild-type males. Together, BmPBP1 plays a critical role in determining temporal antennal response kinetics and that an appropriate range of temporal sensory and behavioural resolutions is essential for tracking pheromone plumes for efficient pheromone source localisation in the silkmoth.
A new hypothesis-testing model for phyllochron based on a stochastic process - application to analysis of genetic and environment effects in maize
Authors: Plancade S. , Marchadier E. , Huet S. , Ressayre A. , Noûs C. , Dillmann C. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe times between appearance of successive leaves or phyllochron characterize the vegetative development of annual plants. Hypothesis testing models, which enables to compare phyllochron between genetic groups or conditions, are usually based on regression of thermal time on the number of leaves, most of the time assuming a constant leaf appearance rate. However these models are both statistically biased and inappropriate in terms of modelling. We propose a stochastic process model in which the emergence of new leaves is considered as successive time-to-events, which provides a flexible and more accurate modelling as well as unbiased testing procedures. The model was applied on an original maize dataset collected in fields for three years on plants originating from two divergent selection experiments for flowering time conducted in two maize inbred lines. We showed that the main differences in phyllochron were not observed between selection populations (Early or Late), but rather between ancestral lines, years of experimentation, and leaf ranks. Our results highlight a strong departure from the assumption of a constant leaf appearance rate in one year that could be related to climate variations, even if the impact of each climatic variables individually was not clearly elucidated.
A single mutation attenuates both the transcription termination and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity of T7 RNA polymerase
Authors: Wu Hui , Wei Ting , Cheng Rui , Huang Fengtao , Lu Xuelin , Yan Yan , Yu Bingbing , Wang Xionglue , Liu Chenli , Zhu Bin 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTTranscription termination is one of the least understood processes of gene expression. As the prototype model for transcription studies, the single-subunit T7 RNA polymerase (RNAP) was known to response to two types of termination signals, while the mechanism underlying such termination especially the specific elements of the polymerase involved in is still unclear, due to the lack of a termination complex structure. Here we applied phage-assisted continuous evolution to obtain variants of T7 RNAP that can bypass the typical class I T7 terminator with stem-loop structure. Throughin vivoselection andin vitrocharacterization, we discovered a single mutation S43Y that significantly decreased the termination efficiency of T7 RNAP at all transcription terminators tested. Coincidently, the S43Y mutation almost eliminates the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of T7 RNAP without affecting the major DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (DdRp) activity of the enzyme, indicating the relationship between transcription termination and RdRp activity, and suggesting a model in which the stem-loop terminator induces the RdRp activity which competes with the ongoing DdRp activity to cause transcription termination. The T7 RNAP S43Y mutant as an enzymatic reagent forin vitrotranscription reduces the undesired termination in run-off RNA synthesis and produces RNA with higher terminal homogeneity.
The Influence of Phosphorus and Transplanting Date on Onion (Allium CepaL.) Quality Parameters and yield of bulb Under Irrigation at Adami Tulu Jedo Kombolcha Woreda, East showa zone, Oromia Region
Authors: Anbes Tilaye , Worku Walelign 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA field experiment was showed to decide the influence of phosphorus level and transplanting date on quality parameters of onion at Adami Tulu Jedo Kombolcha Woreda, during 2017/18 season. The treatments consisted of four phosphorus levels (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P ha−1) and three transplanting date (42, 49 and 56 days). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four replications. The result showed that phosphorus level and transplanting date significantly influenced bulb dry matter content, marketable bulb yield, medium size bulb yield. Among these parameters, marketable bulb yield was also significantly influenced by the interaction of phosphorus level and transplanting date. On the other hand, small size bulb yield, large size bulb yield, over size bulb yield and under size bulb yield were only influenced by the effect of phosphorus levels. In this study, fertilized 60 kg P ha−1with transplanting at 56 days of transplanting date recorded the highest marketable bulb yield, but no significant difference was showed with that obtained at 40 kg P ha−1with the same transplanting date. Treatment combinations of no P (control) and transplanting date at 42 days produced the lowest amounts of marketable bulb yield. The economic analysis revealed that the highest net benefit with low cost of production was obtained in response to the application of 40 kg P ha−1and the transplanting age of 56 days. The marginal rate of return for this treatment was 11983% which is found to be economically feasible for producing bulb in the districts.
Development of a French‐language early literacy scale: structural analysis and links between the dimensions of early literacy
Authors: Thomas Aude , Tazouti Youssef , Hoareau Lara , Luxembourger Christophe , Hubert Blandine , Fischer Jean‐Paul , Jarlégan Annette 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundThe development of early literacy skills in preschoolers is an important predictor of future academic performance. Four main domains of early literacy are currently observed: letter knowledge, vocabulary, phonological awareness and oral comprehension. A multiplicity of tasks or tests measures these domains in English language. However, there are currently no French‐language tools for evaluating and monitoring the early literacy abilities of young children in francophone contexts.MethodsThis paper addresses this lack by presenting a new French‐language scale – the Echelle Préscolaire de Littératie Emergente (EPLE) – for assessing the early literacy skills of preschoolers. In addition to examining the EPLE's psychometric properties, we used path analysis to determine possible links between different dimensions of early literacy and children's characteristics (sex, age and socioeconomic status).ResultsThis study involves 167 French preschoolers (mean = 5.17 years, standard deviation = 0.59) attending kindergarten. All the participants were tested individually, and a specific entry in the tasks was proposed depending on the age of the children. First, the EPLE had good psychometric properties. Then, factor analysis of the data collected revealed a similar hierarchical factor structure as found in the literature. In addition, we found links between the four dimensions of early literacy measured by the EPLE and both children's age and socioeconomic status.ConclusionThe EPLE creates several new opportunities for early literacy research in French‐speaking contexts. First, this tool reduces the gap in the field of testing young children skills. Then, it allows the comparison with worldwide researches. Moreover, this tool proposes pedagogical implications. In the next few years, the EPLE will be used by teachers or school psychologists to test the early competences of French children.
The impact of autoimmune systemic inflammation and associated medications on male reproductive health in patients with chronic rheumatological, dermatological, and gastroenterological diseases: A systematic review
Authors: Finelli Renata , Leisegang Kristian , Finocchi Federica , De Masi Salvatore , Agarwal Ashok , Damiani Giovanni 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAutoimmune disorders currently affect 5%‐8% of the global population, characterized by an aberrant chronic inflammatory response to self‐antigens. The aim of this study was to systematically review the current available evidence investigating the impact of systemic autoimmune diseases and associated immunosuppressive treatment on fertility parameters of adult men. Clinical trials, observational studies, and case reports written in English and reporting semen analysis, evaluation of seminal oxidative stress, and/or sperm DNA fragmentation in patients affected by psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis, hidradenitis suppurativa, uveitis, dermatomyositis, and rheumatoid arthritis were collected by searching on PubMed, EMBASE, OVID, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases, with no limit of time. The study quality and the extent of bias in design, methods, and outcome assessment were evaluated by applying the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools. Evidence suggested that various autoimmune diseases or relevant medications can adversely affect male fertility parameters and that patients may benefit of counseling and sperm cryopreservation. Clinical trials further investigating any adverse effect of autoimmunity and related thereby on male infertility are warranted, to develop appropriate guidelines for males diagnosed and treated for autoimmune disorders.
Legitimacy crises and the temporal dynamics of bureaucratic representation
Authors: Murdoch Zuzana , Connolly Sara , Kassim Hussein , Geys Benny 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe representation of specific groups and social interests within (or by) the civil service has long been a concern of public administration scholarship. Yet, much of this literature focuses on representation at a single point in time. In this article, we propose a more dynamic perspective. In terms of theory, we postulate specific temporal relationships between triggering cues (e.g., a crisis event) and the representation decisions of civil servants. We specify two complementary mechanisms underlying these relationships: that is, a sensemaking process whereby the perceived meaning and relative salience of distinct groups and interests changes over time; and a shift in bureaucrats' discretion to represent specific groups or interests changes over time. We illustrate these time‐dependent processes using interview and survey data from the European Commission.
Improved Reliability of Automated ASPECTS Evaluation Using Iterative Model Reconstruction from Head CT Scans
Authors: Löffler Maximilian T. , Sollmann Nico , Mönch Sebastian , Friedrich Benjamin , Zimmer Claus , Baum Thomas , Maegerlein Christian , Kirschke Jan S. 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEIterative model reconstruction (IMR) has shown to improve computed tomography (CT) image quality compared to hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR). Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) assessment in early stroke is particularly dependent on high‐image quality. Purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability of ASPECTS assessed by humans and software based on HIR and IMR, respectively.METHODSForty‐seven consecutive patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusions (LVOs) and successful endovascular thrombectomy were included. ASPECTS was assessed by three neuroradiologists (one attending, two residents) and by automated software in noncontrast axial CT with HIR (iDose4; 5 mm) and IMR (5 and 0.9 mm). Two expert neuroradiologists determined consensus ASPECTS reading using all available image data including MRI. Agreement between four raters (three humans, one software) and consensus were compared using square‐weighted kappa (κ).RESULTSHuman raters achieved moderate to almost perfect agreement (κ = .557‐.845) with consensus reading. The attending showed almost perfect agreement for 5 mm HIR (κHIR = .845), while residents had mostly substantial agreements without clear trends across reconstructions. Software had substantial to almost perfect agreement with consensus, increasing with IMR 5 and 0.9 mm slice thickness (κHIR = .751, κIMR = .777, and κIMR0.9 = .814). Agreements inversely declined for these reconstructions for the attending (κHIR = .845, κIMR = .763, and κIMR0.9 = .681).CONCLUSIONSHuman and software rating showed good reliability of ASPECTS across different CT reconstructions. Human raters performed best with the reconstruction algorithms they had most experience with (HIR for the attending). Automated software benefits from higher resolution with better contrasts in IMR with 0.9 mm slice thickness.
Cerebrospinal fluid flow on time‐spatial labeling inversion pulse images before and after treatment of congenital hydrocephalus in a dog
Authors: Ito Daisuke , Ishikawa Chieko , Jeffery Nick D. , Kitagawa Masato 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA 3‐month‐old male cross‐breed dog presented with signs of progressive diffuse brain disease. Noncommunicating congenital hydrocephalus concurrent with cervical syringomyelia was diagnosed on magnetic resonance images. On time‐spatial labeling inversion pulse (Time‐SLIP) images CSF flow through the mesencephalic aqueduct was poorly defined and there was flow into the syrinx across the craniocervical junction. After percutaneous ventricular drainage and ventriculoperitoneal shunting, CSF flow through the aqueduct was clearly detected and flow into the syrinx disappeared. In addition, CSF flow in the subarachnoid space at the pons and ventral aspect of the cervical subarachnoid space was restored. Signs of neurological dysfunction improved after ventriculoperitoneal shunting and the cerebral parenchyma was increased in thickness on 2‐year follow‐up computed tomography images. Patterns of CSF flow on Time‐SLIP images before and after CSF drainage or ventriculoperitoneal shunting aid in clarifying disease pathogenesis and confirm effects of CSF drainage.