bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EGFR, TP53, and CUL3 Triple Mutation in Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer and its Potentially Poor Prognosis: A Case Report and Database Analysis
Authors: Hatano Hiroto , Yoshida Tatsuya , Higashiyama Ryoko , Torasawa Masahiro , Uehara Yuji , Ohe Yuichiro 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTConcurrent mutations in tumor protein p53 (TP53) or Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1‐nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2‐pathway components are linked to poor outcomes in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐mutant non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the impact of triple mutations remains unclear. We report a case of EGFR‐, TP53‐, and Cullin 3 (CUL3)‐mutant NSCLC in a 43‐year‐old woman with widespread metastases at diagnosis, including those in the contralateral lung, distant lymph nodes, pericardium, liver, bones, left adrenal gland, and brain. She received osimertinib as first‐line therapy, but pericardial effusion and liver metastases progressed rapidly over 3 months, and she was switched to carboplatin and pemetrexed. By the eighth cycle of pemetrexed, the bone metastases had progressed, resulting in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) due to bone marrow carcinomatosis. The patient received third‐line therapy with albumin‐bound paclitaxel and fourth‐line therapy with docetaxel, but further treatment was suspended owing to DIC progression. She passed away 23 months after the initiation of osimertinib. Public database analysis revealed that the EGFR/TP53/CUL3 triple mutation accounts for 0.4% of EGFR‐mutant NSCLC cases, yielding significantly shorter survival than EGFR mutations alone and likely shorter than EGFR/TP53 double mutations. Gaining a deeper understanding of the clinical significance of coexisting genetic mutations in patients with EGFR‐mutant NSCLC will be crucial to develop future therapies.
Control of precision grip in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure
Authors: Simmons Roger W. , Thomas Jennifer D. , Nguyen Tanya T. , Mattson Sarah N. , Riley Edward P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundFine motor skill deficits have been reported for children with histories of prenatal alcohol exposure, but little is known whether impaired motor skill extends to the regulation of precision grip control.MethodsChildren with (n = 15) and without (n = 17) histories of heavy prenatal alcohol exposure used their dominant hand to grasp, lift, and hold in space a small‐instrumented object with a mass of 19 g. Object mass was also experimentally increased by separately adding two aluminum cubes with mass of 200 and 400 g. Participants completed a block of eight trials for each object mass with the last six trials in each trial block being statistically analyzed. Selected temporal and kinetic parameters of grip force (GF) and load force (LF) were examined to quantitatively index precision grip performance of the two groups.ResultsCompared to typically developing peers, children with prenatal alcohol exposure used excessive and more variable LF and greater GF to lift each object mass, with more finger GF than thumb GF being applied to the apparatus. The GF/LF ratio for the clinical group was greater when lifting the smallest mass load. When holding the object in space, children with prenatal alcohol exposure produced greater GF for the smallest mass load, again with more GF being applied via the finger compared to the thumb.ConclusionsChildren with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure demonstrate force deficits when using precision grip to manipulate an object with three different masses. Chronic irregular precision grip could manifest as a fine motor skill developmental delay that may negatively impact completion of functional activities of daily living requiring grasping an object with the index finger and thumb.
Assessing initial/early aversion‐resistant drinking across male and female alcohol‐preferring and non‐preferring rats
Authors: Haines Kari M. , Smith Nicholle E. , Czachowski Cristine L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundOne trait of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is continuing to drink despite negative consequences. The current study investigated initial/early aversion‐resistant drinking (ARD) across selectively bred alcohol‐preferring lines to assess aversion resistance with minimal ethanol history and subsequent ethanol‐seeking and drinking profiles. Additionally, ARD was assessed in alcohol‐preferring and non‐preferring rats using a sucrose reinforcer to determine if ARD may be a genetic risk factor for AUD.MethodsMale and female alcohol‐preferring rats were given four concentrations of quinine (0.03, 0.10, 0.30, and 1.00 g/L—in random order) in an ethanol solution in the homecage for 30 min daily across 12 days. Seeking and drinking were then assessed in the operant chambers. Additional groups of alcohol‐preferring and non‐preferring rats were given access to the same concentrations of quinine‐adulterated sucrose using the same daily, random‐order presentation.ResultsIn ethanol, all preferring lines performed similarly, showing resistance to quinine at the lowest concentration. In the homecage, high‐alcohol‐drinking (HAD)1 rats drank high levels of ethanol similar to alcohol‐preferring (P) rats, whereas in an operant task were more similar to the HAD2 rats. In sucrose, P and HAD2 rats were shown to be aversion resistant at low concentrations of quinine compared to baseline. Overall, the non‐preferring lines all demonstrated sensitivity to quinine‐adulterated sucrose.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates alcohol‐preferring lines show similar ARD when ethanol is the reinforcer. Regarding motivated responding, P rats show high‐seeking and drinking behaviors as previously observed. In the homecage, HAD1 rats drink similarly to P rats indicating that different conditions (i.e., free vs. operant access) influence drinking behaviors between these lines. Importantly, in a sucrose reinforcer, alcohol‐preferring rats are more aversion‐resistant than non‐preferring lines, while non‐preferring lines show high sensitivity to aversion, suggesting an overall tendency to demonstrate a low level of compulsive behavior.
Dermoscopy of Scabies: Utility of Polarised and Ultraviolet‐Induced Fluorescence Examination in Fair and Dark Skin
Authors: Errichetti Enzo , Plozner Noemi , Enechukwu Nkechi A. , Bhat Yasmeen J. , Pietkiewicz Paweł , Salwowska Natalia , Zalaudek Iris , Stinco Giuseppe 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionUltraviolet‐based dermoscopy may support the recognition of scabies, yet neither accuracy analyses nor data on skin of colour are available. The aim of this multicentric observational retrospective was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of polarised and ultraviolet‐induced fluorescence (UVF) dermoscopic examination in both fair and dark skin, also assessing possible differences according to the skin tone.MethodsConsecutive patients with a diagnosis of scabies were eligible. All the images were randomly evaluated by two independent experienced investigators to identify scabietic findings reported in the literature. Interobserver agreement was evaluated for both polarised and UVF dermoscopic pictures through Cohen's kappa coefficient, while Fisher's exact test with p‐value set at 0.05 was used for comparative analyses between the two settings.ResultsA total of 97 lesions from 43 patients (21 with fair skin and 22 with dark skin) were included. The comparative analysis highlighted a superiority of UVF dermoscopy to detect the burrow (p = 0.003) and scabietic eggs (p = 0.012) in skin of colour, while polarised dermoscopy was more accurate to show the mite in fair skin (p = 0.042). Additionally, a general higher accuracy of both settings in light phototypes was also found, with a higher prevalence (p < 0.05) of typical scabietic findings (i.e., serpiginous white tract, ‘triangle’ sign and grey‐brown outlines of the burrow for polarised dermoscopy and green dot for UVF dermoscopy) compared to dark skin. Kappa values were 0.87 and 0.83 for polarised and UVF‐dermoscopy, respectively.ConclusionsUVF dermoscopy improves the recognition of scabies, though it should be considered complimentary to polarised light dermoscopic examination to increase diagnostic performance.
Recommendations on supporting neonatology healthcare givers from the French National Society
Authors: Zores Claire , Touzet Marie , Girard Laurence , Caeymaex Laurence , Kuhn Pierre , Berne‐Audeoud Frederique , Zana‐Taïeb Elodie ,   the GREEN study group of the French Neonatal Society
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimHealthcare givers are exposed to stress and therefore are at risk of the development of pathologies. We aimed to provide recommendations regarding psychosocial risks such as stress, moral distress, burnout syndrome or secondary stress syndrome in neonatal care units to best support neonatal healthcare givers.MethodsWe searched PubMed for articles published from 1 January 2017 to 1 December 2023 by using the keywords burnout OR (moral and distress) AND neonatal unit. Recommendations were developed after internal and external review by a multidisciplinary group including 15 professionals and parent representatives.ResultsWe identified 207 studies and developed 15 recommendations based on 118 eligible studies. Recommendations to support neonatology healthcare givers were developed for the individual level, the collective or department level to organise the environment, the training of the team with communication sessions and team cohesion; and the institutional level to respect and organise working time.ConclusionPsychosocial risks have consequences for the neonatal healthcare givers themselves and possibly those being cared for. To date, prevention, screening and treatment have been insufficiently developed and explored. In this context, an overall institutional review of the chosen care model is needed.
Non‐visible aspects of ceramics: Archaeological science approaches in Andean pottery studies
Authors: Martínez‐Carrasco Andrea , Gajardo‐Araos Javiera 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article examines the history of the application of archaeological science in studies of pre‐Hispanic pottery from the Andes, South America, through academic publications from the 1960s to the present. It details the questions addressed by, analytical tools used for and theoretical underpinnings of investigations into provenance and technology. Two case studies from this literature review illustrate how taking an archaeological science approach to provenance and technology contributes to our understanding of broader socio‐cultural issues. The results underscore the importance of adopting a multidisciplinary approach and highlight significant regional differences in research focus and methodology. The results also emphasize the need for transdisciplinary work and a critical assessment of archaeometric techniques.
Protective Effects of Baicalein and Bergenin Against Gentamicin‐Induced Hepatic and Renal Injuries in Rats: An Immunohistochemical and Biochemical Study
Authors: Ekinci Akdemir Fazile Nur , Yildirim Serkan , Kandemir Fatih Mehmet , Küçükler Sefa , Eraslan Ersen , Güler Mustafa Can 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDrug‐induced organ toxicity is a significant health concern, with gentamicin known for its effective antibacterial properties but also severe side effects, particularly cytotoxicity in liver and kidney tissues. This current study observed the preventive role of baicalein and bergenin against hepatic and renal injuries caused by gentamicin in rats.MethodsThirty‐two male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups, namely, control, gentamicin (gentamicin 80 mg/kg/day), baicalein (gentamicin 80 mg/kg/day + baicalein 100 mg/kg/day) and bergenin (gentamicin 80 mg/kg/day + bergenin 100 mg/kg/day). Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity were induced by giving gentamicin (80 mg/kg/day). We evaluated the biochemical markers, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, alanine transaminase (ALT), creatinine and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels, antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress parameters and histopathological and immunohistochemical changes.ResultsGentamicin increased oxidative stress parameters and decreased antioxidant activity. The treatment with baicalein and bergenin significantly restored these markers.ConclusionsBaicalein and bergenin significantly mitigated gentamicin‐induced hepatic and renal toxicity by restoring biochemical markers, reducing oxidative stress and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the protective effects of both compounds against organ damage. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two drugs for these parameters. These results suggest their potential as therapeutic agents to prevent gentamicin‐induced organ toxicity.
Moving Ottawa's Department and Agency Reporting Forward: Encouraging Accountability and Sustaining Reform
Authors: Lindquist Evert A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGovernments produce a steady stream of data, reports, and other information to ministers, legislators, and the public, and generate enormous flows of administrative data. In the digital era the flows of information generated by departments and agencies have expanded by orders of magnitude. The paradox, though, is that much of this information is never used, but many decision makers believe there is insufficient information to meet their specific needs at any time. This note focuses on two streams of reporting by departments and agencies in the Government of Canada informed by “open government” principles—the streams of information supplied via the Canada InfoBase and other reporting, and the Management Accountability Framework—and considers if they are accessible and useful. After setting out options for making them both more useful, this note argues it will inform the work of spending reviews, Parliamentary committees, and engagement with experts and citizens.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Novel (−)‐cis‐N‐Normetazocine Derivatives: In Vitro and Molecular Modeling Insights
Authors: Costanzo Giuliana , Coco Alessandro , Cosentino Giuseppe , Patamia Vincenzo , Parenti Carmela , Amata Emanuele , Marrazzo Agostino , Rescifina Antonio , Pasquinucci Lorella 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSuitable structural modifications of the functional groups at N‐substituent of (−)‐cis‐N‐normetazocine nucleus modulate the affinity and activity profile of related ligands toward opioid receptors. Our research group has developed several compounds and the most interesting ligands, LP1 and LP2, exhibited a dual‐target profile for mu‐opioid receptor (MOR) and delta‐opioid receptor (DOR). Recent structure–affinity relationship studies led to the discovery of novel LP2 analogs (compounds 1 and 2), which demonstrated high MOR affinity in the nanomolar range. Here, we reported the synthesis of the new (−)‐cis‐N‐normetazocine derivatives (3–8) characterized by the absence of the phenyl ring in the N‐substituent compared to all previous reported ligands. Compounds 3 and 4, featuring a methyl ester functional group in the N‐substituent, retained significant MOR affinity and exhibited similar affinity for the kappa‐opioid receptor (KOR). In contrast, compounds 7 and 8, which contain a hydroxamic acid functionality, maintained affinity exclusively toward MOR. Neither of compounds (3–8) showed DOR affinity. Molecular modeling studies confirmed a similar docking pose in the MOR binding pocket for these compounds. Additionally, the in silico ADME profile of the most interesting ligands (3, 4, 7, and 8) was investigated revealing a favorable profile for compound 7 regarding the blood–brain barrier permeability, suggesting its potential as a peripherally restricted opioid ligand.
Predicting the exposure of mycophenolic acid in children with autoimmune diseases using a limited sampling strategy: A retrospective study
Authors: Zheng Ping , Pan Ting , Gao Ya , Chen Juan , Li Liren , Chen Yan , Fang Dandan , Li Xuechun , Gao Fei , Li Yilei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMycophenolic acid (MPA) is commonly used to treat autoimmune diseases in children, and therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended to ensure adequate drug exposure. However, multiple blood sampling is required to calculate the area under the plasma concentration‐time curve (AUC), causing patient discomfort and waste of human and financial resources. This study aims to use machine learning and deep learning algorithms to develop a prediction model of MPA exposure for pediatric autoimmune diseases with optimizing sampling frequency. Pediatric autoimmune patients' data were collected at Nanfang Hospital between June 2018 and June 2023. Univariate analysis was applied for feature selection. Ten algorithms, including Random Forest, XGBoost, LightGBM, Gradient Boosting Decision Tree, CatBoost, Artificial Neural Network, Grandient Boosting Machine, Transformer, Wide&Deep, and TabNet, were employed for modeling based on two, three, or four concentrations of MPA. A total of 614 MPA AUC0‐12h samples from 209 patients were enrolled. Among the 10 models evaluated, the Wide&Deep model exhibited the best predictive performance. The predictive performance of the Wide&Deep model using four and three blood concentration points was similar (R
2 ≈ 1 for four points; R
2 = 0.95 for three points). No significant difference in accuracy within ±30% was observed between models utilizing three and four blood concentration points (p = 0.06). This study demonstrates that in the Wide&Deep model, MPA exposure can be accurately estimated with three sampling points in children with autoimmune diseases. This model could help reduce discomfort in pediatric patients without reducing the accuracy of MPA exposure estimates in clinical practice.
Exploring the Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance of the Resilience Scale for Iranian Teachers: A Network Analysis Perspective
Authors: Latifi Mohammad Mehdi , Aghbelaghi Dariush Tahmasebi , Pordanjani Sajad Khani 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe present study sought to assess the psychometric properties of the Iranian adaptation of the Vietnam Teacher Resilience Scale for Asia (VITRS), referred to as the Iranian Teachers' Resilience Scale (ITRS) and to examine its measurement invariance across middle and high school teachers in Iran. In total, 700 participants completed the questionnaires, with the sample randomly split into two groups of 350. The first group was used for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and the second for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The teachers responded to the ITRS and the study evaluated CFA, EFA, exploratory graph analysis (EGA), as well as different types of validity (face, content, construct and convergent) and reliability. The sample was split into two subgroups for EFA and CFA. EFA revealed a four‐factor structure explaining 72.05% of the variance and CFA confirmed a good fit for both first‐order and second‐order models (CFI = 0.966, RMSEA = 0.063). Convergent validity was supported with AVE and CR values above 0.5 and 0.7, respectively. Reliability was acceptable, with internal consistency above 0.7. Measurement invariance indicated consistency across middle and high school teachers. Finally, EGA supported the four‐factor structure, with a three‐dimensional solution emerging as the most stable. The ITRS demonstrated solid psychometric properties, including strong reliability and validity, making it a useful tool for assessing resilience among teachers. Its measurement invariance across different educational levels ensures its practical applicability in diverse teaching contexts.
Sex and Morph Variation in Activity From Early Ontogeny to Maturity in Ruffs (Calidris pugnax)
Authors: Rohr‐Bender Veronika A. , Kupán Krisztina , Lopez‐Nava Guadalupe , Forstmeier Wolfgang , Hertel Anne , Razumov Vitali , Martin Katrin , Kempenaers Bart , Küpper Clemens 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntraspecific variation provides the substrate for the evolution of organisms. Ruffs show exceptional phenotypic variation in physiology, appearance and behaviour linked to variation between sexes and male alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs). The male ARTs are associated with the evolution of separate morphs, which are encoded by an autosomal supergene. However, the effects of the supergene on females and chicks are much less well understood. In particular, it is still unknown, whether females also show morph‐specific behavioural variation, when behavioural differences emerge during ontogeny and whether behavioural differences can be detected outside of the breeding context. To address these knowledge gaps, we repeatedly measured the activity in an unfamiliar environment, also known as exploration behaviour, of 109 hand‐raised young ruffs throughout their first two years of life. We used automated tracking in an open field arena and quantified the distance moved within 10 min to examine behavioural differences between sexes, morphs and individuals. After their crouching reflex, which is a response to potential threats, subsided during the first month of life, the activity of young ruffs rapidly increased. Repeatability of individual activity was initially low but increased throughout juvenile ontogeny and was high (R = 0.5) from day 21 onwards. Variation in activity was clearly sex‐linked with females moving more than males, indicating potential energetic trade‐offs accompanying the strong sexual size dimorphism. In contrast, morph differences in activity remained inconsistent and elusive, both in females and in males. Our results indicate that in species in which much of the known behavioural variation is linked to mating tactics, a non‐reproductive behaviour can show between‐individual variation and clear‐sex differences, whereas morph differences appear less pronounced.
Enhanced Functional Fatigue Resistance of Cu‐Al‐Mn Superelastic Wire Bamboo‐Like Grain Structure
Authors: Zu Xiangbo , Wen Huanyi , Peng Zhenbo , Li Wei , Ma Fengcang , He Meifeng , Ding ZhiYi , Zhang Ke 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe enhanced fatigue resistance of superelastic Cu‐Al‐Mn shape memory wires was investigated via a bamboo‐like grain structure obtained by cyclic heat treatment (CHT). Our findings reveal that increasing the number of CHT cycles facilitates grain growth, and the grain boundary will change from a brittle triple junction to a stronger straight grain boundary. This structural feature of grain boundaries alleviates stress concentration effects on dislocation motion. In particular, the 5CHT and 7CHT samples displayed negligible residual strain after unloading, following exposure to cumulative strains ranging from 2% to 10%, thereby showcasing superior superelasticity. From the functional fatigue test, the fatigue life of the shape memory wire subjected to 5CHT cycles exceeds 4650 cycles at 5% strain, which is more than five times that of the traditional polycrystalline quenched sample.
Fatigue Life of Pin‐Loaded Lugs: Friction and Clearance Effects
Authors: Long Siyu , Qin Fengying , Li Bo , Xu Wu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLugs serve as crucial linkages in aircraft structures to connect components and transmit loads and motions. Because of their mechanical functions, their failure would lead to severe consequences. To ensure structural safety, factors that could affect the fatigue performance should be well considered and quantified. In this paper, the effects of the inevitable friction and clearance between the lug and load pin are quantified. The fatigue lives of straight and oblique lugs are predicted by using the classical local stress approach and a modified theory of critical distances. Satisfactory correlations between the predictions and extensive experiments are achieved.