bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The structural properties and Energy Gap of PVDF/LiAlO2 Nanocomposite Thin Films
Authors: Kadhim Ruqaya Fouad , Muslim Zainab Raheem 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
lithium aluminate (LAO), LiAIO2 powders were synthesized by sol-gel method because it was developed for preparing nano-sized at low temperature. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) found out a tetragonal structure for LiAlO2. Various percentages of 1, 2, 3 and 4 wt. were applied to the LAO with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer. The obtained materials were characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). Structural analysis indicates the presence of polycrystalline phase with nanometre scale. Energy gap were studied and the results shows a decrease in energy gap with the increasing in weight ratio of LAO. This decline in the value of optical energy is due to an increase in the density of the band-gap of localized states.
Design of Step-Index Multimode Optical Fiber
Authors: Salih Aqeel R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a step-index fiber with core index 1.445 5 1 7 and cladding index 1.443 1 5 7 has been designed and studied. Multimode operation is achieved by using a fiber with core radius 25 μm operating at a wavelength of 1.3 μm. The mode parameters (effective refractive index, phase constant, fractional modal power in the core and cutoff wavelength) were calculated using RP fiber calculator (PRO version 2020). The shapes of the intensity and amplitude distribution of linearly polarized guided modes were shown.
Design of Optical Fibers and Calculate their Guided Modes Properties at 1550 nm
Authors: Shnain Firas A. , Salih Aqeel R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
There is no doubt that optical fiber technology is one of the most important stages of the communications revolution at all and it is of utmost importance in our daily life. In this work, five fibers with core radii 2.5, 4.5 and 6.5–8.5 μm were designed. The properties of all guided modes have been calculated at a wavelength of 1550 nm by using RP Fiber Calculator. A single-mode fiber is obtained when the core radius approaches the wavelength. As the core radius is increased, the fiber becomes a multimode. The percentage power in the core increases with increasing core radius. The modes profiles were illustrated and compared with the modern references.
The effect of acidic treatment of carbon fiber on denture mechanical properties
Authors: Taher Sally Yakoob , Hussain Wafaa A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to increase the mechanical properties (impact and flexural strength) of acrylic polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base resin by incorporated treated and coated woven carbon fiber (WCF). To increase the roughness of fibers, WCF treated with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), (C7H7NO2) at 3 different concentration treatments (0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 M). In order to make the samples appears with good aesthetic and bonding, WCF was coated with β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) powder with (0.08, 0.10, and 0.12) weight fraction (wi) in addition of using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) at 0.01 wi, respectively. After 10 days of water storage at room temperature, the specimens have been tested via using the Charpy effect measuring system and three-point bending tests. The mechanism of interfacial interaction between β-TCP and woven carbon fibers was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Based on the obtained results, when specimens contained treated and uncoated woven carbon fiber with a high concentration of (PABA), the impact and flexural strength were higher than pure sample but have a bad aesthetic. Further, (PMMA) reinforced with coated and treated woven carbon fiber as hybrid composites recorded very high raises in the mechanical properties when the concentration of (PABA) and (β-TCP) was increased, with a good aesthetic.
Preparation and optical characterizations of PVA: Ag Nano composite
Authors: Muhmood Asmahan A. , Zgair Inass A. , Hussein Mushtaq A. , Mahdi Liwaa H. , Jabbar Bashaer S. , Alkhayatt Adel H. Omran 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a 3% of polyvinyl alcohol PVA polymer solution was prepared with distilled water. PVA:Ag Nanocomposites were prepared by adding different concentrations of silver (Ag) nanoparticles (3, 6 and 9) %. Pure as well as PVA:Ag nanocomposites films were prepared by drop casting method. The optical properties of PVA: Ag nanocomposite were studied using the absorption and transmittance spectrum measured at wavelength range (200-1000) nm. The optical parameters of the prepared PVA: Ag nanocomposite, such as absorption coefficient, refractive index, and extinction coefficient, as well as the real and imaginary part of the refractive index were calculated as a function of Ag NPs concentration. The results show that the absorption edge is red shifted towards long wavelengths after adding the silver nanoparticles as well as an increment in the optical parameters after adding the Ag nanoparticles. The energy gap was also calculated for all the prepared samples, which were decreased from 4 eV to 1.72 eV with the increase addition of Ag nanoparticles content (3 to 9) %.
Impact of reaction temperature on the structural, surface morphology and antibacterial activity of hydrothermally synthesized CdS nanoparticles
Authors: AlkhayattOmran AdelH. , Ahmed Mohammad Rassol 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles were synthesized hydrothermally at various reaction temperatures (140, 160, 180,200)°C. Crystal structure and surface morphology were studied corresponding to the reaction temperature. The X,-ray diffraction results, reveals that CdS nanoparticles were prepared have high crystallinity with polycrystalline nature and hexagonal wurtzite phase. The preferential orientation was along (002) and (110) planes. The average crystallite size was tended to increase with the increase of reaction temperature which about (21-24) nm. The structure parameters such as dislocation density and microstrain was examined. CdS nanoparticle images in Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) indicates rounded ball (cauliflower), the particle size was in the range of (23-245) nm and the smallest size was obtained for the nanoparticles at reaction temperature 200°C. The antibacterial activity of cadmium sulfide CdS nanoparticles was estimated against two types of common bacteria (Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus). It was found that there is a strong antibacterial activity and the greatest effect was for the prepared nanoparticles at reaction temperatures 160 and 180 oC, and the highest activity was found against (E. coli) bacteria as well as with the increase of nanoparticles concentration. This work combines microbiology and nanotechnology, perform probable advances in the formulation of a new kind of antibacterial.
Effects of Electrode Beam Radius on Properties of four-poles Electrostatic Double Lens for Point-to-Point Focus
Authors: Lazem Zeina Kareem , Hussein Oday A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of selection the electric pole radius of the four poles electrostatic doublets lens on the optical property. Also, a comparison between the optical property and performance of two lenses with different electrode radius was made. The results showed that the electric pole diameter of the lens plays main function in the imaging characteristics of the four poles electrostatic doublets lens. The results show that the aberration figures can be enhanced when the electrode diameter of the quadrupole lens is equal to the lens aperture, while the chromatic aberration can be improved by choosing the electrode diameter according to the equation.
Characterization of carbon nanotube decorated silver nanoparticles
Authors: Yousif Taqwa Y. , Naje Asama N. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) prepared using the exploding wire process has been decorated with carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs, SWCNTs). Well dispersion of silver NPs is achieved by a simple chemistry process on the surface of CNTs. The structure, optical and morphology of silver nanoparticles decorated with carbon nanotubes were characterized by x-ray diffraction, Atomic force microscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The illustrated outcome that the UV-Visible absorption and electrical conductivity properties effectively improved for CNT/Ag NPs. The absorption spectrum of silver nanoparticles shows absorption at ultraviolet wavelength zone and there is low peak between (300-900nm) while the absorption of CNT/silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) increased significantly from UV to near IR region. Field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis shows that silver nanoparticles are decorated on carbon nanotubes without any impurities, with average particle size about (50-80nm) for Ag-NPs, 44nm for MWCNTs/Ag-NPs and 30 nm for SWCNTs/Ag NPs. It was observed that Ag NPs enhanced the electrical conductivity of CNTs from (2.36 ×10-1 (1/Ω.cm) to (1.03×104 (1/Ω.cm)) for SWCNTs/Ag NPs and (8.83×104 (1/Ω.cm)). It is observed that Ag NPs adding enhanced the electrical properties of CNTs. The results show that Ag-coated CNTs have important optoelectronic applications such as solar cell and photodetector.
Theoretical Evaluation of Flow Electronic Rate at Au/TFB Interface
Authors: Al-Obaidi Sarmad S. , Al-Agealy Hadi J.M. , Abbas Saadi R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis investigation presents a quantum model for electron transfer allows us to calculate the flow electronic transfer rate through metal/molecule devices. The flow electronic transfer rate at interfaces between Au metal contact with poly(9,9’-dioctylfluorene-co-bis-N, N’-(4-butylphenyl)-diphenylamine) (TFB) and solvents media with polarity is ranging from 0.315 for Diethyl ether to 0.5361 for Methanol is investigated via quantum theory of donor acceptor model. The flow rate are large with Au energy level alignment with TFB levels has been found when the potential barrier at interface is 0.066 eV with Diethyl ether solvents. Flow electronic transfer rate for Au/TFB system with methanol solvent decreased cross interface when the potential barrier is as large as 0.122 eV. This lead to produce accumulate the charges on the both side of Au and TFB when the potential at interface is large. The resulting slow transfer of electrons cross interface. Furthermore, Au metal contact on TFB molecule interface frequently with different solvents media and have large flow rate with Diethylether solvents and low flow rate with Methanol.
Study addition of Fe2O3 Nanoparticles on Optical Properties for (PMMA-PS) Mixture
Authors: Slman Hussein Ali Hussein , Hasan Zaid A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, films of the ( PMMA-PS ) Mixture doped with Fe2O3 nanoparticles were prepared with variable percentage (0,2,4,6)% wt by Drop casting method and at room temperature. The change in optical and structural properties was observed after deformation using a UV-Spectrophotometer and for a range of wavelengths (190 - 1100) nm. The study showed that increasing the distortion ratio led to an increase in the absorbance, absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, refractive index, real dielectric constant, imaginary isolation constant, and diminishing permeability.
Investigating of Charge Transfer in Cu/F8 Using Donor-Acceptor Model due Quantum Transition
Authors: Al-Agealy Hadi J. M. , Saadon Abbas K. , Hassooni Mohsin A. , Ghadhban Rawnaq Qays 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we study and investigate a simple donor-acceptor model for charge transfer formation using a quantum transition theory. The transfer parameters which enhanced the charge transfer and the rate of the charge transfer have been calculated. Then, we study the net charge transfer through interface of Cu/F8 contact devices and evaluate all transfer coefficients. The charge transfer rate of transfer processes is found to be dominated in the low orientation free energy and increased a little in decreased potential at interface comparison to the high potential at interface. The increased transition energy results in increasing the orientation of Cu to F8. The transfer in the system was more active when the system has large driving force energy and caused fast transfer from the donor to the acceptor and the charge transfer rate dependent on potential and solvents effect.
Energy loss of cluster ions in different concentration and temperature of plasma
Authors: Salman Nadher A , Ahmed Khalid A , Ahmed Baida M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The effects of the energy loss interference of homo and hetero nuclear di-cluster ions on the plasma in both Classic and Quantum Models are used to study of response dielectric function. The present work involves the interest ranges for Inertial Conference Fusion (ICF), Z-Pinch and Plasmas of Tokomak. The approximation of the Quantum Random Phase (RPA) is used, and the individual and collective Bohm-Pines model is calculated and the contribution of each mode will be calculated. For incident cluster ions, we present measurement and comparison of the stopping power for (homo nuclear di-cluster (H-H), (He-He)) and hetero-nuclear di-cluster ions like (He-H) in different plasma concentration and temperature of (ICF, Z-Pinch and TOKOMAK). The result appear the dependence of the interference term I(r) on homo and hetero-nuclear di cluster distance r
12 and the di-cluster velocity. All equations have been programmed to present the work using FORTRAN-90 and the program has been written for numerical calculations.
Parameters Extraction of a Single-Diode Model of Photovoltaic Cell Using False Position Iterative Method
Authors: Rasheed Mohammed , SuhaShihab  , Alabdali Osama , Hassan Hussein Hadi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the present work, the nonlinear equation for a single-diode design of a photovoltaic cells is introduced. The mathematical model based on False Position Method (FPM) was used to determine the parameters of the voltage of the solar cell device based on the electrical equivalent circuit. The False Position Method currently presents to demonstrate the non-linear electrical behavior of this device. The proposed method is tested to solve the nonlinear example and the obtained results are used.
Numerical Analysis of a Lasing Output for the Quasi _ Three _ Level Thin Disk Lasers
Authors: Mahmood Mohammed Ahmed , Mudhir Shihab ahmed , Raed Mahdi Salih 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper reports theoretical treatment to drive the general equation for laser threshold power (

P

p
u
m
p

t
h

), the efficiency (η) and the laser out power (Pout) in thin disk laser with a quasi-three–level pump plan by using the analytical solution of the rate equation for this laser system. In order to find a numerical solution, MATLAB program has been used. When a diode pumped high power, continuous wave to the Nd3+: YAG thin disc laser operated in a quasi-three-level. The pumping wavelength was (808 nm) and the laser wavelength was (946 nm) at Nd3+ doping concentration of 0.6 at %. While at (M2 = 1.005), this laser is operated in a single mode, all the laser output power and efficiency have increased with increasing the pumping power.
Studying the Structural and Morphological Properties of (PMMA) Film under D.C Discharge Plasma
Authors: Khalaf Mohammed K. , Mazhir Sabah N. , Jaffer Zainab J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a lab-scale direct current (DC) glow discharges plasma system was used to adjust the surfaces of polymeric films. Characteristics of the plasma system have displayed under the discharge of three gasses (O2, N2 and Ar). DC-Plasma system has been used for the adjustment of polymethyl methacrylate surface as a function of treatment time and the types of gases. The modified surface was characterized in terms of crystal structure and surface morphology by the analysis of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A comparison between treated and untreated films was also made. The roughness and the root mean square (RMS) for pure PMMA films were continuously increased with increasing the exposure time for different gasses. SEM images observed degradation of the surface with granular spots due to the chain missioning and cross-linking effects. An efficient method of treatment for enhancing the surface roughness of pure-PMMA polymer is the using of argon plasma compared to O2, N2 plasma.
Fingerprint Image Identification Algorithm Based on Angle Direction of Objects
Authors: Witefee Diyar M. , Al-Asadi Tawfiq A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Fingerprint identification is one of the most important biometric techniques utilized for determining the similarity between the matching images. This paper will be presenting a new identification technique depending on the angle direction of the objects contained in images. The performance of identification techniques relies on the quality of the image. The quality of fingerprint image may not always be well due to many reasons such as contain noise which hinders the clarity of image structures.
Detection of the autonomous car robot using Yolo
Authors: Abd-AL Sahib F.I. , Taher H. B , Ghani R F. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
One of the important object detection applications in smart transportation systems is vehicle detection. Working on self-driving car robots has become an important experiment in recent years to take advantage of innovations and ideas in real self-driving cars, and the detection of robots by multiple algorithms is the most important phase in this work. To solve the problems of self-driving car robot detection. Such as not recognizing shape. In this paper, via the Yolov2 algorithm, we trained a new model for robots. It was proven with the comparison experiments that the proposed method is successful for robot detection. In addition, the proposed model demonstrated excellent feature extraction ability with network visualization.
The Path Study of Supply-side Reform of Chinese Medicine Health Industry Based on Computer Technology
Authors: Shi Shaonan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In recent years, with the advent of the era of an aging population and the increase in the general standard of health consciousness, health care expenditures in gradually shift from disease treatment to health care, health care social welfare promotion, disease prevention and early intervention into big trend under the background, has the unique advantages of traditional Chinese medicine “cure not ill” industries ushered in the great development opportunities. Especially in this year’s special circumstances [1], Chinese medicine has played an important role, but also provides a good opportunity for its industrialization development. In addition, China has been carrying out the transformation of economic structure, corresponding to people’s need for traditional Chinese medicine health care is to better promote the supply side reform of traditional Chinese medicine health care industry, give full play to its role in the medical system reform, and contribute to people’s health.
The Concrete Research Based on Computer Technology in Mechanical Manufacturing
Authors: Guan Tiantian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The machinery industry is an important pillar of China’s economic construction. The design stage of traditional mechanical manufacturing is very difficult. This leads to the backwardness of mechanical equipment in our country. With the development of computer technology, great changes have taken place in the machinery industry[6]. According to the means of foreign machinery manufacturing, scholars believe that computer technology can promote the progress of machinery manufacturing level. Computer technology is also widely used in mechanical manufacturing. This paper describes the shortcomings of the current mechanical manufacturing technology. This paper also describes some applications of computer mechanical manufacturing technology.
Research on Improvement of Maintenance Quality of Common Speed Railway Public Works Based on Computer Maintenance Technology
Authors: Niu Zengjian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With the rapid development of transportation technology, the application of railway transportation is more and more widely, which has become an important livelihood project. Therefore, we need the railway department to continuously strengthen the maintenance work of Railway public Works (hereinafter referred to as RPW) technology. Compared with the operation efficiency of railway, the operation efficiency of common speed line is higher, which requires us to strengthen and improve the maintenance management of common speed line. Through computer technology, the railway department can fully implement the mode of “maintenance and repair”, which will avoid the current situation of high wear and tear of heavy haul railway. By gradually improving the maintenance level, we can improve the equipment support ability, which has a certain promotion value for the railway line workshop maintenance. First of all, this paper analyzes the key points of RPW maintenance, and then, this paper analyzes the construction of comprehensive data platform of RPW maintenance plan. Finally, some suggestions are put forward.
Research on Industrial Product Model Design Based on Computer Software
Authors: Liu Yijun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The design of industrial product model based on computer software can effectively pre verify the batch of products and subsequent use experience, so as to reduce the design and manufacturing cycle of industrial products and reduce the cost of change, so it has important research value. Based on this, this paper first analyses the function and value of industrial product model design, then studies the key points of industrial product model design based on computer software, and finally gives the implementation strategy of industrial product model design based on computer software.
Research on the Effect of Exercise Load on Orienteering Map Reading Ability Based on Computer Software Analysis
Authors: Huang Yuanmu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Orienteering is a combination of physical and intellectual sports, and the combination of physiology and psychology in experimental research on orienteering is in line with the needs of the development of orienteering itself. The study of orienteering is to examine the brain’s ability to recognize maps under different exercise loads, to control the running speed, to maximize the brain’s ability to recognize maps, and to provide a reference basis for athletes, coaches, and amateur participants in orienteering to understand the relationship between running and maps. In addition, if the experimental data is collected from professional athletes, a database of physiological and biochemical indicators of our orienteering athletes can be established to improve the data reference for our orienteering training and competition. Based on this, this paper explores the effect of exercise load on orienteering map recognition ability.
Research on the Construction of Functional Physical Training Method System for Civil Aviation Safety Officers Based on Computer Empirical Analysis
Authors: Mu Guangyu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The current functional physical training method system for civil aviation safety officers still has many disadvantages, which is difficult to effectively guarantee the healthy development of civil aviation. Based on this, this paper first analyses the current situation of functional physical training of civil aviation safety officers with the help of computer, then studies the problems existing in the functional physical training method system of civil aviation safety officers, and finally gives the construction strategy of the functional physical training method system of civil aviation safety officers.