bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Efficient Gradient Solid Immersion Lens with Large Numerical Aperture for Broadband Achromatic Deep Subwavelength Focusing and Magnified Far Field
Authors: Chen Jin , Zhou Yang Yang , Chu Hong Chen , Lai Yun , Chen Huan Yang , Chen Mingji , Fang Daining 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAchromatic deep subwavelength lens with large numerical aperture (NA) is in urgent need in several fields, from optical imaging, photolithography, spectroscopy, nanophotonics to microwave engineering and sensing. However, the previous proposed approaches to achieve deep subwavelength lens suffer from severe chromatic aberrations, limited bandwidth, and limited efficiency. In this paper, enlightened by Maxwell's fish‐eye lens, a semicircular gradient solid immersion lens is proposed and manufactured by gradient isotropic dielectrics. Highly efficient (above 85%) achromatic (7–13 GHz) deep subwavelength focusing with full width at half maximum around 0.15λ and large NA of 2.4 as well as magnified far‐field radiation (4–12 GHz) with high recognition are achieved. Theoretical analysis reveals that electric field enhancement at the lens/air interface and magnification of high spatial frequency deep subwavelength information contribute to deep subwavelength focusing and magnified far‐field radiation, respectively. Measured results of near field and far field agree well with those of theoretical predictions, which makes the presented lens having the potential to be applied in deep subwavelength engineering systems.
Metasurface Based on Inverse Design for Maximizing Solar Spectral Absorption
Authors: Jiang Xinpeng , Yuan Huan , Chen Dingbo , Zhang Zhaojian , Du Te , Ma Hansi , Yang Junbo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBroadband absorption of sunlight plays a crucial role in applying solar energy. However, despite being a decade‐old technology, there are only a handful of simple metasurfaces designed by conventional methods. This work theoretically combines inverse design with broadband absorption of sunlight to optimize a metasurface that exhibits triple coupling mode resonance for maximizing solar spectral absorption. The metasurface consists of dual‐layer titanium nitride (TiN) cylinder grating arrays, TiN dielectric layers, and silicon nitride layers. The simulation results reveal the high absorptivity of 93% in the range of 250–2450 nm, which covers almost the entire solar spectrum. The advantages of genetic algorithm (GA) including less computational cost and high performance of populations are compared with conventional method. Based on mode analysis, the origin of the observed triple coupling mode resonances is revealed. In addition, the GA‐based metasurface has a high solar–thermal efficiency that includes not only the high absorptivity of 93% in solar spectrum, but also the low emissivity of 21% in infrared band without restriction of polarization and incident angle. The design, which highlights the potential impact on maximizing broadband absorption using simple method to optimize complex coupling, opens a novel approach to study solar–thermal energy harvesting and manipulation.
Argyrin F Treatment‐Induced Vulnerabilities Lead to a Novel Combination Therapy in Experimental Glioma
Authors: Walter Bianca , Canjuga Denis , Yüz Simge G. , Ghosh Michael , Bozko Przemyslaw , Przystal Justyna M. , Govindarajan Parameswari , Anderle Nicole , Keller Anna‐Lena , Tatagiba Marcos , Schenke‐Layland Katja , Rammensee Hans‐Georg , Stevanovic Stefan , Malek Nisar P. , Schmees Christian , Tabatabai Ghazaleh 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGlioblastoma are incurable primary tumors of the central nervous system that frequently harbor molecular alterations in the retinoblastoma pathway with subsequent cell cycle abnormalities. It is aimed to investigate the anti‐glioma activity of the novel cell cycle‐stabilizing compound Argyrin F and its potential treatment‐induced vulnerabilities to exploit possibilities for novel rational combination therapies. Human and murine glioma cells are used, cytotoxicity and clonogenic survival assays, cell cycle analyses, and immunoblots are performed. Residual freshly resected tissue is used for a preclinical glioma model ex vivo, i.e., patient‐derived microtumors (PDMs) for co‐culture experiments with autologous tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Mass spectrometry‐based immunopeptidomics are performed and the orthotopic syngeneic SMA560/VM/Dk glioma mouse model is used. Argyrin F‐induced cell cycle arrest and reduced clonogenic survival is observed. Argyrin F‐treated experimental glioma in vivo displays 4.6‐fold more glioma‐infiltrating CD8+ T cells. A distinctive treatment‐induced immunopeptidome is discovered. The combination of Argyrin F plus PD‐1 antibody increases cellular toxicity in PDM/TILs co‐cultures ex vivo and prolonged overall survival compared with monotherapies in vivo. Thus, Argyrin F leads to anti‐glioma effects and increases the immunogenicity, paving the way for a novel combination therapy of Argyrin F plus PD‐1 blockade.
Electron–Phonon Coupling and Electron–Phonon Scattering in SrVO3
Authors: Mirjolet Mathieu , Rivadulla Francisco , Marsik Premysl , Borisov Vladislav , Valentí Roser , Fontcuberta Josep 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the physics of strongly correlated electronic systems has been a central issue in condensed matter physics for decades. In transition metal oxides, strong correlations characteristic of narrow d bands are at the origin of remarkable properties such as the opening of Mott gap, enhanced effective mass, and anomalous vibronic coupling, to mention a few. SrVO3 with V4+ in a 3d1 electronic configuration is the simplest example of a 3D correlated metallic electronic system. Here, the authors' focus on the observation of a (roughly) quadratic temperature dependence of the inverse electron mobility of this seemingly simple system, which is an intriguing property shared by other metallic oxides. The systematic analysis of electronic transport in SrVO3 thin films discloses the limitations of the simplest picture of e–e correlations in a Fermi liquid (FL); instead, it is shown show that the quasi‐2D topology of the Fermi surface (FS) and a strong electron–phonon coupling, contributing to dress carriers with a phonon cloud, play a pivotal role on the reported electron spectroscopic, optical, thermodynamic, and transport data. The picture that emerges is not restricted to SrVO3 but can be shared with other 3d and 4d metallic oxides.
Improvement of Synaptic Properties in Oxygen‐Based Synaptic Transistors Due to the Accelerated Ion Migration in Sub‐Stoichiometric Channels
Authors: Lee Jongwon , Nikam Revannath Dnyandeo , Kwak Myonghoon , Kwak Hyunjeong , Kim Seyoung , Hwang Hyunsang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe oxygen ion‐based synaptic transistor (OIST) is a promising candidate for next‐generation synaptic devices for neuromorphic computing. However, the key process parameters that control synaptic characteristics have not yet been studied. In this study, the authors report near‐ideal synaptic characteristics by adopting oxygen‐deficient transition metal‐oxide (TMO) channels and yttria‐stabilized zirconia electrolytes. With decreasing oxygen stoichiometry in the TMO channel by controlling the O2 flow rate during reactive sputtering, the oxygen ion supply and migration are accelerated by lowering the migration barrier. The reduced barrier energy and improved ion diffusivity characteristic in the oxygen‐deficient TMO channels are confirmed experimentally through cyclic voltammetry analysis. As a result, improved weight‐update linearity and wide conductance range can be achieved in OIST devices with an oxygen‐deficient TMO (WO2.7, TiO1.7) channel. The authors confirm the excellent pattern recognition accuracy, which can be explained by the improved synaptic characteristics of the OIST synapse array.
Artificial Synapse Based on Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite with Electric and Optical Modulation
Authors: Lao Jie , Xu Wen , Jiang Chunli , Zhong Ni , Tian Bobo , Lin Hechun , Luo Chunhua , Travas‐Sejdic Jadranka , Peng Hui , Duan Chun‐Gang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractArtificial synapse of neuromorphic computing has been attracting significant attention as an alternative concept for next‐generation computing. Here, a two‐terminal synaptic device based on potassium iodide (KI) and CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) hybrid film (KI–MAPbI3) is reported. The use of KI as an additive in the film preparation process greatly reduces grain boundaries, facilitating the improvement of device performance. The prepared synaptic device exhibits dual response to electric and light stimuli due to the unique properties of MAPbI3. Besides the successful simulation of biological synaptic functionalities such as paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF), plasticity in long‐term potentiation (LTP), and long‐term depression (LTD), the learning behavior of human under different moods and Pavlov's dog experiment are also simulated by combining electric and light stimuli. For image recognition, the simulation result shows that the device achieves an accuracy of 84.2% under light illumination after only 1500 learning phases.
Lattice Location Studies of the Amphoteric Nature of Implanted Mg in GaN
Authors: Wahl Ulrich , Correia João Guilherme , Costa Ângelo R. G. , David‐Bosne Eric , Kappers Menno J. , da Silva Manuel Ribeiro , Lippertz Gertjan , Lima Tiago A. L. , Villarreal Renan , Vantomme André , Pereira Lino M. C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDespite the renewed interest in ion implantation doping of GaN, efficient electrical activation remains a challenge. The lattice location of 27Mg is investigated in GaN of different doping types as a function of implantation temperature and fluence at CERN's ISOLDE facility. The amphoteric nature of Mg is elucidated, i.e., the concurrent occupation of substitutional Ga and interstitial sites: following room temperature ultra‐low fluence (≈2 × 1010 cm−2) implantation, the interstitial fraction of Mg is highest (20–24%) in GaN pre‐doped with stable Mg during growth, and lowest (2–6%) in n‐GaN:Si, while undoped GaN shows an intermediate interstitial fraction of 10–12%. Both for p‐ and n‐GaN prolonged implantations cause interstitial 27Mg to approach the levels found for undoped GaN. Implanting above 400 °C progressively converts interstitial Mg to substitutional Ga sites due to the onset of Mg interstitial migration (estimated activation energy 1.5–2.3 eV) and combination with Ga vacancies. In all sample types, implantations above a fluence of 1014 cm−2 result in >95% substitutional Mg. Ion implantation is hence a very efficient method to introduce Mg into substitutional Ga sites, i.e., challenges toward high electrical activation of implanted Mg are not related to lack of substitutional incorporation.
Metal‐Ligand π Interactions in Lithium‐Rich Li2RhO3 Cathode Material Activate Bimodal Anionic Redox
Authors: Zhang Kun , Jiang Zewen , Ning Fanghua , Li Biao , Shang Huaifang , Song Jin , Zuo Yuxuan , Yang Tonghuan , Feng Guang , Ai Xinping , Xia Dingguo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLi‐rich oxide (LRO) cathodes that exhibit anionic redox activity can boost the energy density of Li‐ion batteries. Oxygen redox in LROs can originate from the charge compensation of pure O 2p nonbonding (NB) states; however, the high charging voltages cause much safety concerns in practical applications. Exploiting new anionic redox modes that can be used at low voltages is thus imperative. In view of this, a further understanding of the anionic redox behavior with respect to metal‐ligand interactions in LROs is highly desired. In this study, by analyzing the orbital combinations of transition metals (TMs) and O in LROs, the prevalence of π‐type, σ‐type, and NB states is investigated. Highly covalent Li2RhO3 with strong π‐type interactions is selected as a model material. Owing to the closer energy levels of O and Rh and the orbital vacancy of Rh4+, oxygen acts as a π‐electron donor to central Rh and exhibits high reactivity in the occupied anti‐bonding state, showing a novel low‐voltage O redox which is distinct from high‐voltage NB O redox. This π‐type oxygen redox mode expands the fundamental theories of anionic redox and provides a new design route to achieve high‐capacity Li‐rich cathode materials.
Acidic Water Oxidation on Quantum Dots of IrOx/Graphdiyne
Authors: Wang Zhongqiang , Zheng Zhiqiang , Xue Yurui , He Feng , Li Yuliang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEfficient acidic water oxidation utilization in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is still an important bottleneck for hydrogen production. From fundamental principles, a controllable graphdiyne (GDY) induced growth strategy is established; highly uniform size distribution of oxidized iridium quantum dots is prepared on the surface of graphdiyne (IrOxQD/GDY). The result shows that, the catalyst exhibits excellent activity and durability for acidic OER, with a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a small overpotential of 236 mV versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a Tafel slope of 70 mV dec−1. The performance is greatly superior to previously reported electrocatalysts. Remarkably, the acidic electrolyzer using IrOxQD/GDY as both cathode and anode electrodes can reach 10 mA cm−2 only at a much low cell voltage of 1.49 V (vs RHE). The results show the superior advantages of graphdiyne in effectively increasing numbers of the catalytically active sites for improving the charge transfer behavior and protecting the metal catalysts from corrosion.
Mechanistic Insights of Mg2+‐Electrolyte Additive for High‐Energy and Long‐Life Zinc‐Ion Hybrid Capacitors
Authors: Wang Pinji , Xie Xuesong , Xing Zhenyue , Chen Xianhong , Fang Guozhao , Lu Bingan , Zhou Jiang , Liang Shuquan , Fan Hong Jin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn electrolyte cation additive strategy provides a versatile route for developing high‐energy and long‐life aqueous zinc‐ion hybrid capacitors. However, the mechanisms of energy storage and Zn anode protection are still unclear in Zn‐based systems with dual‐ion electrolytes. Here, a dual charge storage mechanism for zinc‐ion hybrid capacitors with both cations and anions adsorption/desorption and the reversible formation of Zn4SO4(OH)6·xH2O enabled by the Mg2+ additive in the common aqueous ZnSO4 electrolyte are proposed. Theoretical calculations verify that the self‐healing electrostatic shield effect and the solvation‐sheath structure regulation rendered by the Mg2+ additive account for the observed uniform Zn deposition and dendrite suppression. As a result, an additional energy storage capacity of ≈50% compared to that in a pure 2 m ZnSO4 electrolyte and an extended cycle life with capacity retention of 98.7% after 10 000 cycles are achieved. This work highlights the effectiveness of electrolyte design for dual‐ion carrier storage mechanism in aqueous devices toward high energy density and long cycle life.
Stepping Out of Transition Metals: Activating the Dual Atomic Catalyst through Main Group Elements
Authors: Sun Mingzi , Wong Hon Ho , Wu Tong , Dougherty Alan William , Huang Bolong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn recent years, investigations into atomic catalysts has accelerated significantly. Although different atomic catalysts have been developed, the introduction of main group elements is rarely considered. In this work, the possibility of introducing alkaline/alkaline earth metals (AAEM), post‐transition metal (Post‐TM), and metalloids to form stable graphdiyne‐based dual atomic catalysts (GDY‐DAC) is revealed. The main group elements not only act as a promising separator to improve the loading of DACs but also activate the alkyl chains to facilitate the electroactivity of GDY‐DAC. Most importantly, the main group elements in the GDY‐DAC do not affect the electroactivity of transition or lanthanide metals and even enable subtle modulations on the electronic structures. The p band center is a significant descriptor to modulate the electroactivity in oxides while their applications in the atomic catalysts are unclear. With the further evaluations of machine learning, it is found that the involvements of s‐orbitals and p‐orbitals perturb the prediction accuracies of both formation energies and p‐band center, especially for the AAEM. This work supplies insights that are expected to aid progress in designing main group elements‐based atomic catalysts, which opens a new avenue in designing advanced electrocatalysts.
Physical therapy treatment of hypermobile Ehlers–Danlos syndrome: A systematic review
Authors: Reychler Gregory , De Backer Maya‐Mafalda , Piraux Elise , Poncin William , Caty Gilles 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPhysiotherapy techniques are regularly prescribed in the hypermobile type Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (hEDS) and they are appreciated by the patients. The objective of this systematic review was to investigate the effect of the different physiotherapy techniques related to the children and adult patients with hEDS. PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library, PEDro, Scopus, and Embase databases were analyzed from inception to April 2020. Characteristics of the studies (authors), patients (sample size, sex, age, Beighton score), and nonpharmacological treatment (length of the program, number of session, duration of the session, and type of intervention), and the results with the dropout rate were extracted. From the 1045 retrieved references, 6 randomized controlled trial with a sample size ranging from 20 to 57 patients were included in the systematic review. There was a huge heterogeneity in the interventions. The durations of the program were from 4 to 8 weeks. Pain or proprioception demonstrated significant improvements in the intervention group regardless of the type of intervention. A benefit of the inspiratory muscle training was observed on functional exercise capacity. The quality of life was systematically improved. Physiotherapy benefits on proprioception and pain in patients with hEDS even if robust randomized control studies are missing.
Homozygous WNT9B variants in two families with bilateral renal agenesis/hypoplasia/dysplasia
Authors: Lemire Gabrielle , Zheng Bixia , Ediae Grace U. , Zou Ruobing , Bhola Priya T. , Chisholm Caitlin , de Nanassy Joseph , Lo Bryan , Wang Chunyan , Shril Shirlee , El Desoky Sherif , Shalaby Mohammed , Kari Jameela A. , Wang Xueqi ,   Care4Rare Canada Consortium, Kernohan Kristin D. , Boycott Kym M. , Hildebrandt Friedhelm , Sawyer Sarah L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWNT9B plays a key role in the development of the mammalian urogenital system. It is essential for the induction of mesonephric and metanephric tubules, the regulation of renal tubule morphogenesis, and the regulation of renal progenitor cell expansion and differentiation. To our knowledge, WNT9B has not been associated with renal defects in humans; however, WNT9B−/− mice have renal agenesis/hypoplasia and reproductive tract abnormalities. We report four individuals from two unrelated consanguineous families with bilateral renal agenesis/hypoplasia/dysplasia and homozygous variants in WNT9B. The proband from Family 1 has bilateral renal cystic dysplasia and chronic kidney disease. He has two deceased siblings who presented with bilateral renal hypoplasia/agenesis. The three affected family members were homozygous for a missense variant in WNT9B (NM_003396.2: c.949G>A/p.(Gly317Arg)). The proband from Family 2 has renal hypoplasia/dysplasia, chronic kidney disease, and is homozygous for a nonsense variant in WNT9B (NM_003396.2: c.11dupC/p.(Pro5Alafs*52)). Two of her siblings died in the neonatal period, one confirmed to be in the context of oligohydramnios. The proband's unaffected brother is also homozygous for the nonsense variant in WNT9B, suggesting nonpenetrance. We propose a novel association of WNT9B and renal anomalies in humans. Further study is needed to delineate the contribution of WNT9B to genitourinary anomalies in humans.
A novel truncating variant in the FGD1 gene associated with Aarskog–Scott syndrome in a family previously diagnosed with Tel Hashomer camptodactyly
Authors: Kessel Irena , German Alina , Peleg Amir ,   Regeneron Genetics Center, Gonzaga‐Jauregui Claudia , Paperna Tamar , Ekhilevitch Nina , Kurolap Alina , Baris Feldman Hagit , Sagi‐Dain Lena 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTel Hashomer camptodactyly syndrome is a long‐known entity characterized by camptodactyly with muscular hypoplasia, skeletal dysplasia, and abnormal palmar creases. Currently, the genetic basis for this disorder is unknown, thus there is a possibility that this clinical presentation may be contained within another genetic diagnosis. Here, we present a multiplex family with a previous clinical diagnosis of Tel Hashomer camptodactyly syndrome. Whole exome sequencing and pedigree‐based analysis revealed a novel hemizygous truncating variant c.269_270dup (p.Phe91Alafs*34) in the FGD1 gene (NM_004463.3) in all three symptomatic patients, congruous with a diagnosis of Aarskog–Scott syndrome. Our report adds to the limited data on Aarskog–Scott syndrome, and emphasizes the importance of unbiased comprehensive molecular testing toward establishing a diagnosis for genetic syndromes with unknown genetic basis.
Access to and Reactivity of Fe0, Fe−I, FeI, and FeII PCcarbeneP Pincer Complexes
Authors: Wang Qingyang , Manzano Richard A. , Tinnermann Hendrik , Sung Simon , Leforestier Baptiste , Krämer Tobias , Young Rowan D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDespite their promising metal–ligand cooperative reactivity, PCcarbeneP pincer ligands are rarely reported for first‐row transition‐metal centres. Using a dehydration methodology, we report access to an Fe0 PCcarbeneP pincer complex (1) that proceeds via an isolated α‐hydroxylalkyl hydrido complex (3). Reversible carbonyl migration to the carbene position in 1 is found to allow coordination chemistry and E−H bond addition (E=H, B, Cl) across the iron–carbene linkage, representing a unique mechanism for metal–ligand cooperativity. The PCcarbeneP pincer ligand is also found to stabilize formal FeII, FeI, and Fe−I oxidation states, as demonstrated with synthesis and characterization of the complexes [11‐X][BArF20] (X=Br, I), 12, and K[13]. Compound K[13] is found to be highly reactive, and abstracts hydrogen from a range of aliphatic C−H sources. Computational analysis by DFT suggests that the formal FeI and Fe−I complexes contain significant carbene radical character. The ability of the PCcarbeneP ligand scaffold to partake in metal–ligand cooperativity and to support a range of iron oxidation states renders it as potentially useful in many catalytic applications.
Copper‐Catalyzed Highly Selective Protoboration of CF3‐Containing 1,3‐Dienes
Authors: Wu Juanjuan , Wu Hongli , Li Xinzhi , Liu Xinyu , Zhao Qian , Huang Genping , Zhang Chun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe copper‐catalyzed highly selective protoboration of CF3‐containing conjugated diene with proton source and B2Pin2 has been developed. This chemistry could suppress the well‐known defluorination and provide borated reagents with an intact CF3‐group. Further studies indicated that the functional group tolerance of this chemistry is very well, and the products could be used as versatile precursors for different types of transformations. Importantly, using chiral diphosphine ligand, we have developed the first example for using such starting material to synthesis allylic boron‐reagents which bearing a CF3‐containing chiral center. Notably, the reaction mechanism was intensively studied by DFT calculations, which could reveal the reason that defluorination was inhibited.