bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ранні наслідки впливу лісової пожежі на різноманітність грибних угруповань соснових лісів Лівобережної України з особливим акцентом на мікоризних грибах
Authors: Davydenko K. V. , Vysotska N. Yu. , Yushchyk V. S. , Markina T. Yu. 
Published: April 2021

Forest fires constitute widespread and potentially destructive disturbances in forest ecosystems, particularly negative impact on soil mycorrhizal fungi which are major players of the belowground plant. This study investigated the short-term effects of wildfire on fungal communities in Left-Bank Ukraine with special emphasis on mycorrhizal fungi. During the fourteen months after autumn wildfire, fruiting bodies found in the plots were identified, and their mycological richness, diversity and production in both burned and unburnt areas were measured. Total fungal diversity decreased in burned plots, where fungal richness and diversity of mycorrhizal species were significantly lower. Our results also confirmed the data on a rather destructive influence of post-fire forest management on fungal diversity. Only three mycorrhizal fungi associated with Pinus sylvestris L. were common to both sites while pyrophilic species were in close association with burned sites. 3 Figs., 1 Table, 31 Refs.
Key words: mycorrhiza, pine plantation, post-fire erosion, wildfire.
Мінливість і взаємозв’язки морфолого- анатомічних показників хвої сосни звичайної в умовах свіжого субору
Authors: Tereshchenko L. І. , Gordiyashchenko A. Y. , Samoday V.P. 
Published: April 2021

Метою дослідження був пошук маркерних ознак, які ідентифікують дерева, та взаємозв’язків морфолого-анатомічних показників хвої дерев сосни звичайної (Pinus sylvestris L.) на основі вивчення мінливості ознак у насадженні ДП «Тростянецьке лісове господарство» Сумської області. Гілки з хвоєю заготовлено із середньої частини крони 31 дерева в умовах свіжого субору. Визначення зв’язків між показниками здійснено кореляційним, графічним і регресійним методами аналізу. Виявлено, що амплітуда варіювання довжини дворічної хвої була на 18 % більшою, ніж однорічної. Коефіцієнти варіації більшості морфолого-анатомічних показників дерев відповідають низькому та середньому рівням ендогенної мінливості, підвищеним рівень мінливості є лише для показника відстані між провідними пучками в центральному циліндрі. До морфолого-анатомічних ознак хвої, які диференціюють дерева, належать: довжина хвої, площу її поперечного перерізу, ширина хвої, ширина центрального циліндра та кількість смоляних каналів. Зроблено припущення про можливість використання маркером мікропопуляційного рівня співвідношення індексу форми центрального циліндра та індексу форми поперечного перерізу хвої.
Ключові слова: Pinus sylvestris L., параметри хвої, пагони, центральний циліндр, маркерні ознаки, смоляні канали.
Сезонні особливості виникнення пожеж в листяних лісах зеленої зони міста Харків
Authors: Melnyk Ye. Ye. , Voron V. P. 
Published: April 2021

Наведено результати досліджень тенденцій виникнення пожеж у листяних лісах зеленої зони міста Харків на прикладі насаджень ДП «Жовтневе ЛГ» та ДП «Харківська ЛНДС» за період 2005–2018 рр. Визначено середньорічні кількість і площу пожеж та горимість листяних лісів, а також кількість і площі пожеж у цих лісах за різних класів пожежної небезпеки за умовами погоди та за різного значення комплексного показника пожежної небезпеки в окремі пори року. Проаналізовано кількість випадків пожеж у середньому за день для листяних лісів за різних класів пожежної небезпеки за умовами погоди у весняний, літній та осінній сезони. Наведені дані використано для оцінювання місцевої шкали класів пожежної небезпеки за умовами погоди та для поліпшення прогнозування й попередження займань у листяних лісах.
Ключові слова: лісова пожежа, загоряння в лісі, пожежонебезпечний період, комплексний показник пожежної небезпеки.
Pemodelan dan simulasi boost converter menggunakan Python
Authors: Sirojudin Indrazno , Wibowo Sapto , Ronilaya Ferdian , Rohadi Erfan , Wicaksono Ilham Agung 
Published: April 2021

Pada Paper ini dirancang model boost converter untuk charging kapasitor pada robot sepak bola beroda. Kapasitor pada kondisi ini digunakan untuk menyimpan energi pada sistem penendang robot. Karena sistem penendang membutuhkan energi yang tinggi, tegangan yang digunakan untukmengisi kapasitor harus tegangan tinggi. Oleh karena itu, pada paper ini akan dibahas pemodelan boost converter dengan tegangan output 350V.Pemodelan akan menggunakan metode averaging untuk membuat 2 persamaan dari 2 kondisi boost converter menjadi 1 persamaan state-space yang mewakili seluruh kondisi dari boost converter tersebut.Dengan memasukkan parameter-parameter yang telah dihitung ke dalam persamaan state-space tersebut akan diuji respon dari sistem boost converter dengan menggunakan simulasi python. Pada kondisi awal boost converter akan disimulasikan menggunakan critical value dari setiap komponen dari hasil perhitungan. Selanjutnya, beban kapasitor akan dirubah menjadi 4700µF sesuai dengan kapasitor yang digunakan pada robot. Dari simulasi tersebut didapatkan bahwa boost converter dengan tegangan output 350V dan menggnakan beban kapasitor 4700uF mampu menuju keadaan stabil pada waktu 0.6 s.
In this paper, a boost converter model is designed for charging capacitors on wheeled soccer robots. Capacitors in this condition are used to store energy in the robotic kicking system. Because the system requires high energy, the voltage used to charge the capacitor must be high. Therefore, this paper will discuss the boost converter modeling with 350V output voltage. The modeling will use the averaging method to create 2 equations from 2 boost converter conditions to 1 state-space equation that represents all conditions of the boost converter. By entering the calculated parameters into the state-space equation, the response of the boost converter system will be tested using python simulation. In the initial conditions, the boost converter will be simulated using the critical value of each component from the calculation results. Furthermore, the capacitor charge will be changed to 4700µF according to the capacitor used in the robot. From the simulation, it was found that the boost converter with an output voltage of 350V and using a 4700uF capacitor load was able to go to a stable state in 6s.
Aplikasi RFID sebagai pendeteksi kehadiran pada perkuliahan terkait perhitungan kompensasi bagi mahasiswa Politeknik Negeri Malang
Authors: Rasyid Abdul , Waluyo Waluyo , Mustafa Lis Diana , Kurniawati Ellen , Aditya Malika 
Published: April 2021

Abstrak
Banyak cara untuk mengetahui keberadaan para dosen dan mahasiswa pada saat aktifitas perkuliahan, mulai dari cara lama menggunakan kertas lembar presensi, menggunakan barcode hingga cara yang sudah terkomputerisasi. Dan permasalahan yang sering timbul dalam Politeknik Negeri Malang adalah perhitungan absensi yang memakan waktu lama dan membutuhkan usaha ekstra untuk merekap data dari lembar absensi mahasiswa pada setiap kelas. Pada penelitian ini, sistem absensi akan menggunakan teknologi RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). Dimana setiap dosen dan mahasiswa akan memliki tag RFID dengan nomor identitas masing-masing yang akan digunakan untuk melakukan absensi. Tag RFID tersebut akan dipindai dan data yang didapat akan disimpan pada database berupa nama, tanggal, hari, jam hadir dan jam keluar. Dari data tersebut akan diolah shingga dapat diketahui jumlah kehadiran dosen, absensi, dan jumlah kompensasi dari mahasiswa. Pada penelitian ini kinerja, kecepatan, jarak jangkau dan ketahanan dari noise diteliti menggunakan aplikasi Wireshark. Dan didapatkan bahwa sistem dapat berjalan dengan waktu yang sangat singkat, waktu rata-rata yang digunakan untuk mengirimkan data adalah 447ms dan masih dapat bekerja meskipun terhalang oleh kertas dengan ketebalan dibawah 2.8cm. Sehingga dengan menggunakan aplikasi ini, proses absensi dan proses perhitungan kompensasi yang semula cukup lama dan membutuhkan usaha ekstra dapat dilakukan dengan cepat dan efisien.

Abstract
There are many ways to find out the whereabouts of lecturers and students during lecture activities, like using old method by writing in presence sheet paper, using barcodes or using computerized methods. And the problem that often arises in the State Polytechnic of Malang is the calculation of attendance which takes a long time and requires extra effort to recap the data from student attendance sheets in each class. In this study, the attendance system will use RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology. Where each lecturer and student will have an RFID tag with their respective identity numbers which will be used for attendance. The RFID tag will be scanned and the data obtained will be stored in the database in the form of name, date, day, time of attendance and time out. From this data, it will be processed so that it can be seen the number of lecturers' attendance, attendance, and the amount of compensation for each students. In this study, the performance, speed, range and resistance of noise were examined using the Wireshark application. And it was found that the system can run in a very short time, the average time used to transmit data is 447ms and can still work even though it is hindered by paper with a thickness below 2.8cm. so that by using this application, the attendance process and the process of calculating compensation, which were quite long and required extra effort, can be done quickly and efficiently.
Rancang bangun driver inverter 1000 Watt dengan kendali EGS - 002
Authors: Luqman Mohammad , Herwandi Herwandi , Radianto Donny 
Published: April 2021

Abstrak
Penelitian ini dimulai dengan penentuan spesifikasi sistem yang akan dibuat, yaitu sebuah inverter sinusoida pada tegangan output 220Vac pada frekuensi 50 Hz dengan daya sekitar 1000 Watt. Kontrol utama menggunakan EGS-002 sebagai pembangkit sinyal SPWM dan sekaligus driver transistor switching. Sebagai peranti switching adalah 8 buah transistor MOSFET IRF 3205 dengan konfigurasi full-bridge. Sebagai pengubah sinyal SPWM menjadi sinyal sinusoida sekaligus penaik tegangan output digunakan trafo step-up 24V/220V 10A. Hasilnya berupa inverter dengan luaran berupa gelombang sinusoida dengan spesifikasi sebagai berikut: Tegangan masukan 24 VDC. Tegangan luaran 221 VAC dengan bentuk gelombang sinusoida murni pada frekuensi 50 Hz. Daya luaran sampai dengan 905 Watt. Dimensi alat adalah: Panjang 30,5 cm x Lebar 18,5 cm x tinggi 12 cm, dengan berat kurang lebih 3 kg, yang dilengkapi dengan terminal masukan 24Vdc dan 2 buah terminal output 220 Vac (stop kontak).

Abstract
This research begins with determining the specifications of the system to be made, namely a sinusoidal inverter at an output voltage of 220Vac at a frequency of 50 Hz with a power of about 1000 Watts. The main control uses the EGS-002 as the SPWM signal generator as well as the switching transistor driver. As a switching device are 8 MOSFET transistors IRF 3205 with a full-bridge configuration. To convert the SPWM signal into a sinusoidal signal as well as to increase the output voltage, a 24V / 220V 10A step-up transformer is used. The result is an inverter with a sine wave output with the following specifications: 24 VDC input voltage. Output voltage 221 VAC with pure sinusoidal waveform at a frequency of 50 Hz. Output power up to 905 Watts. The dimensions of the tool are: Length 30.5 cm x Width 18.5 cm x height 12 cm, weighing approximately 3 kg, equipped with a 24Vdc input terminal and 2 220 Vac output terminals (electric socket).
Use of Hybrid PEDOT:PSS/Metal Sulfide Quantum Dots for a Hole Injection Layer in Highly Efficient Green Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
Authors: Zhu Wenqing , Ding Kuangyu , Yi Chen , Chen Ruilin , Wei Bin , Huang Lu , Li Jun 
Published: April 2021

In this study, we have synthesized the molybdenum sulfide quantum dots (MoS2 QDs) and zinc sulfide quantum dots (ZnS QDs) and demonstrated a highly efficient green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode (OLED) with hybrid poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly (styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/QDs hole injection layer (HIL). The electroluminescent properties of PEDOT:PSS and hybrid HIL based devices were explored. An optimized OLED based on the PEDOT:PSS/MoS2 QDs HIL exhibited maximum current efficiency (CE) of 72.7 cd A−1, which shows a 28.2% enhancement as compared to counterpart with single PEDOT:PSS HIL. The higher device performance of OLED with hybrid HIL can be attributed to the enhanced hole injection capacity and balanced charge carrier transportation in the OLED devices. The above analysis illustrates an alternative way to fabricate the high efficiency OLEDs with sulfide quantum dots as a HIL.
Vaginal Microbiome Composition in Early Pregnancy and Risk of Spontaneous Preterm and Early Term Birth Among African American Women
Authors: Dunlop Anne L. , Satten Glen A. , Hu Yi-Juan , Knight Anna K. , Hill Cherie C. , Wright Michelle L. , Smith Alicia K. , Read Timothy D. , Pearce Bradley D. , Corwin Elizabeth J. 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between the early pregnancy vaginal microbiome and spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) and early term birth (sETB) among African American women.MethodsVaginal samples collected in early pregnancy (8-14 weeks’ gestation) from 436 women enrolled in the Emory University African American Vaginal, Oral, and Gut Microbiome in Pregnancy Study underwent 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 region, taxonomic classification, and community state type (CST) assignment. We compared vaginal CST and abundance of taxa for women whose pregnancy ended in sPTB (N = 44) or sETB (N= 84) to those who delivered full term (N = 231).ResultsNearly half of the women had a vaginal microbiome classified as CST IV (Diverse CST), while one-third had CST III (L. iners dominated) and just 16% had CST I, II, or V (non-iners Lactobacillus dominated). Compared to vaginal CST I, II, or V (non-iners Lactobacillus dominated), both CST III (L. iners dominated) and CST IV (Diverse) were associated with sPTB with an adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 4.1 (1.1, infinity) and 7.7 (2.2, infinity), respectively, in multivariate logistic regression. In contrast, no vaginal CST was associated with sETB. The linear decomposition model (LDM) based on amplicon sequence variant (ASV) relative abundance found a significant overall effect of the vaginal microbiome on sPTB (p=0.034) but not sETB (p=0.320), whereas the LDM based on presence/absence of ASV found no overall effect on sPTB (p=0.328) but a significant effect on sETB (p=0.030). In testing for ASV-specific effects, the LDM found that no ASV was significantly associated with sPTB considering either relative abundance or presence/absence data after controlling for multiple comparisons (FDR 10%), although in marginal analysis the relative abundance of Gardnerella vaginalis (p=0.011), non-iners Lactobacillus (p=0.016), and Mobiluncus curtisii (p=0.035) and the presence of Atopobium vaginae (p=0.049), BVAB2 (p=0.024), Dialister microaerophilis (p=0.011), and Prevotella amnii (p=0.044) were associated with sPTB. The LDM identified the higher abundance of 7 ASVs and the presence of 13 ASVs, all commonly residents of the gut, as associated with sETB at FDR &lt; 10%.ConclusionsIn this cohort of African American women, an early pregnancy vaginal CST III or IV was associated with an increased risk of sPTB but not sETB. The relative abundance and presence of distinct taxa within the early pregnancy vaginal microbiome was associated with either sPTB or sETB.
Melatonin Synergizes With Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Attenuates Chronic Allograft Vasculopathy
Authors: Qin Ya-fei , Kong De-jun , Qin Hong , Zhu Yang-lin , Li Guang-ming , Sun Cheng-lu , Zhao Yi-ming , Wang Hong-da , Hao Jing-peng , Wang Hao 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundChronic rejection characterized by chronic allograft vasculopathy (CAV) remains a major obstacle to long-term graft survival. Due to multiple complicated mechanisms involved, a novel therapy for CAV remains exploration. Although mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been ubiquitously applied to various refractory immune-related diseases, rare research makes a thorough inquiry in CAV. Meanwhile, melatonin (MT), a wide spectrum of immunomodulator, plays a non-negligible role in transplantation immunity. Here, we have investigated the synergistic effects of MT in combination with MSCs in attenuation of CAV.MethodsC57BL/6 (B6) mouse recipients receiving BALB/c mouse donor aorta transplantation have been treated with MT and/or adipose-derived MSCs. Graft pathological changes, intragraft immunocyte infiltration, splenic immune cell populations, circulating donor-specific antibodies levels, cytokine profiles were detected on post-operative day 40. The proliferation capacity of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, populations of Th1, Th17, and Tregs were also assessed in vitro.ResultsGrafts in untreated recipients developed a typical pathological feature of CAV characterized by intimal thickening 40 days after transplantation. Compared to untreated and monotherapy groups, MT in combination with MSCs effectively ameliorated pathological changes of aorta grafts indicated by markedly decreased levels of intimal hyperplasia and the infiltration of CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, and macrophages, but elevated infiltration of Foxp3+ cells. MT either alone or in combination with MSCs effectively inhibited the proliferation of T cells, decreased populations of Th1 and Th17 cells, but increased the proportion of Tregs in vitro. MT synergized with MSCs displayed much fewer splenic populations of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, Th1 cells, Th17 cells, CD4+ central memory T cells (Tcm), as well as effector memory T cells (Tem) in aorta transplant recipients. In addition, the percentage of splenic Tregs was substantially increased in the combination therapy group. Furthermore, MT combined with MSCs markedly reduced serum levels of circulating allospecific IgG and IgM, as well as decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, and MCP-1, but increased the level of IL-10 in the recipients.ConclusionsThese data suggest that MT has synergy with MSCs to markedly attenuate CAV and provide a novel therapeutic strategy to improve the long-term allograft acceptance in transplant recipients.
Effects of APOE ε2 on the Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Study Based on the Resting-State Functional MRI
Authors: Liu Xiaocao , Zeng Qingze , Luo Xiao , Li Kaicheng , Hong Hui , Wang Shuyue , Guan Xiaojun , Wu Jingjing , Zhang Ruiting , Zhang Tianyi , Li Zheyu , Fu Yanv , Wang Tao , Wang Chao , Xu Xiaojun , Huang Peiyu , Zhang Minming ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)
Published: April 2021

BackgroundApolipoprotein E (APOE) ε2 is a protective genetic factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the potential interaction effects between the APOE ε2 allele and disease status on the intrinsic brain activity remain elusive.MethodsWe identified 73 healthy control (HC) with APOE ε3/ε3, 61 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects with APOE ε3/ε3, 24 HC with APOE ε2/ε3, and 10 MCI subjects with APOE ε2/ε3 from the ADNI database. All subjects underwent a resting-state functional MRI and Fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). We used a fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) to explore the spontaneous brain activity. Based on the mixed-effects analysis, we explored the interaction effects between the APOE ε2 allele versus disease status on brain activity and metabolism in a voxel-wise fashion (GRF corrected, p &lt; 0.01), followed by post hoc two-sample t-tests (Bonferroni corrected, p &lt; 0.05). We then investigated the relationship between the mean imaging metrics and cognitive abilities.ResultsThere are no significant differences in gender, age, or education among the four groups. The interaction effect on brain activity was located in the inferior parietal lobule (IPL). Post hoc analysis showed that APOE ε2/ε3 MCI had an increased IPL fALFF than APOE ε3/ε3 MCI. Regarding the APOE ε2 allele effects, we found that ε2 carriers had a decreased fALFF in the transverse temporal gyrus than non-carriers. Also, FDG-PET results showed a lower SUVR of the frontal lobe in APOE ε2 carriers than non-carriers. Furthermore, fALFF of IPL was correlated with the visuospatial function (r = −0.16, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionAPOE ε2 carriers might have a better brain reservation when coping with AD-related pathologies.
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) Does Not Affect Sports People’s Explosive Power: A Pilot Study
Authors: Giustiniani Andreina , Battaglia Giuseppe , Messina Giuseppe , Morello Hely , Guastella Salvatore , Iovane Angelo , Oliveri Massimiliano , Palma Antonio , Proia Patrizia 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: This study is aimed to preliminary investigate whether transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) could affect explosive power considering genetic background in sport subjects.Methods: Seventeen healthy sports volunteers with at least 3 years of sports activities participated in the experiment. After 2 weeks of familiarization performed without any stimulation, each participant received either 50 Hz-tACS or sham-tACS. Before and after stimulation, subjects performed the following tests: (1) the squat jump with the hands on the hips (SJ); (2) countermovement jump with the hands on the hips (CMJ); (3) countermovement jump with arm swing (CMJ-AS); (4) 15-s Bosco’s test; (5) seated backward overhead medicine ball throw (SBOMBT); (6) seated chest pass throw (SCPT) with a 3-kg rubber medicine ball; and (7) hand-grip test. Additionally, saliva samples were collected from each participant. Genotyping analysis was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: No significant differences were found in sport performance of subjects after 50 Hz-tACS. Additionally, we did not find any influence of genetic background on tACS-related effect on physical performance. These results suggest that tACS at gamma frequency is not able to induce an after-effect modulating sport performance. Further investigations with larger sample size are needed in order to understand the potential role of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques (NIBS) in motor performances.Conclusions: Gamma-tACS applied before the physical performance fails to improve explosive power in sport subjects.
Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 3 Subunit B Is a Promoter in the Development and Progression of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Ren Haoyuan , Mai Gang , Liu Yong , Xiang Rongchao , Yang Chong , Su Wenjie 
Published: April 2021

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant tumor with hidden incidence, high degree of malignancy, rapid disease progression, and poor prognosis. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit B (EIF3B) is necessary for tumor growth, which is an alternative therapeutic target for many cancers. However, little is known about the relationship between EIF3B and PC.Methods: The expression of EIF3B in PC was detected by immunohistochemistry. EIF3B knockdown cell models were constructed by lentivirus infection. The MTT assay, the wound-healing assay, the transwell assay, the flow cytometry, and the Human Apoptosis Antibody Array was used to detect the effects of EIF3B knockdown on cell proliferation, cell migration, cell apoptosis, and cell cycle in vitro. Also, the effects of EIF3B knockdown on the tumor growth of PC were determined in vivo.Results: This study showed that the expression level of EIF3B was significantly up-regulated in PC tumor tissues and associated with pathological grade. In vitro, EIF3B knockdown inhibited the PC cell proliferation and migration, and the apoptosis levels were obviously promoted by regulating apoptosis-related proteins including Bcl-2, HSP27, HSP60, Survivin, sTNF-R2, TNF-α, TNF-β, TRAILR-3, TRAILR-4, and XIAP. Furthermore, the tumor growth of PC was inhibited after the knockdown of EIF3B in vivo.Conclusion: EIF3B was up-regulated in PC and was a promoter in the development and progression of PC, which could be considered as a therapeutic target for the treatment of PC.