bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Tandem Strategy for Enhancing Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Activity of Single‐Atom Cu‐S1N3 Catalysts via Integration with Cu Nanoclusters
Authors: Chen Datong , Zhang Lu‐Hua , Du Jian , Wang Honghai , Guo Jiangyi , Zhan Jiayu , Li Fei , Yu Fengshou 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe developed a tandem electrocatalyst for CO2‐to‐CO conversion comprising the single Cu site co‐coordinated with N and S anchored carbon matrix (Cu‐S1N3) and atomically dispersed Cu clusters (Cux), denoted as Cu‐S1N3/Cux. The as‐prepared Cu‐S1N3/Cux composite presents a 100 % Faradaic efficiency towards CO generation (FECO) at −0.65 V vs. RHE and high FECO over 90 % from −0.55 to −0.75 V, outperforming the analogues with Cu‐N4 (FECO only 54 % at −0.7 V) and Cu‐S1N3 (FECO 70 % at −0.7 V) configurations. The unsymmetrical Cu‐S1N3 atomic interface in the carbon basal plane possesses an optimized binding energy for the key intermediate *COOH compared with Cu‐N4 site. At the same time, the adjacent Cux effectively promotes the protonation of *CO2− by accelerating water dissociation and offering *H to the Cu‐S1N3 active sites. This work provides a tandem strategy for facilitating proton‐coupled electron transfer over the atomic‐level catalytic sites.
A Solid Transformation into Carboxyl Dimers Based on a Robust Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework for Propyne/Propylene Separation
Authors: Yu Baoqiu , Geng Shubo , Wang Hailong , Zhou Wei , Zhang Zhenjie , Chen Banglin , Jiang Jianzhuang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSelf‐assembly of N,N,N′,N′‐tetrakis(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐1,4‐phenylenediamine with the help of different solvents provides isostructural hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOF‐30). Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD) analysis reveals HOF‐30 possesses 3D ten‐fold interpenetrated dia nets connected by two kinds of hydrogen bonds, namely solvent‐bridged carboxyl dimers and carboxyl⋅⋅⋅carboxyl dimers. Degassing treatment for HOF‐30 yields HOF‐30a with 3D ten‐fold interpenetrated dia nets but linked with sole carboxyl⋅⋅⋅carboxyl dimers. Reversible hydrogen‐bond‐to‐hydrogen‐bond transformation between solvent‐bridged carboxyl dimers in HOF‐30 and carboxyl⋅⋅⋅carboxyl dimers in HOF‐30a has been unveiled by single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction. In addition, HOF‐30a enables the selective adsorption of propyne over propylene according to single‐component sorption and breakthrough experiments. The preferred propyne location in HOF has also been identified by SCXRD test.
Modelling the potential distribution of two tropical freshwater fish species under climate change scenarios
Authors: Sauz‐Sánchez Jonathan de Jesús , Rodiles‐Hernández Rocío , Andrade‐Velázquez Mercedes , Mendoza‐Carranza Manuel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Climate change is causing shifts in the distribution patterns of freshwater fish at various spatio‐temporal scales. Tropical freshwater fish are vulnerable, especially in areas where a high impact of climate change is predicted; thus, there is an increasing need to predict these shifts to determine conservation and adaptation strategies.
Ecological niche models offer a reliable way to predict the effects of climate change on species distribution. Potential shifts in the distribution of tropical fish were tested under two scenarios (4.5 – moderate and 8.5 – extreme) with three general circulation models for years 2050 and 2070 using maximum entropy software using as models two predatory species – the tropical gar Atractosteus tropicus and the giant cichlid Petenia splendida.
The potential distribution of both species was associated with warm and humid–sub‐humid conditions. Future projections showed a higher availability of suitable areas for both species resulting from the expansion of warmer conditions in the middle and upper basins of the Central American mountain range and centre of the Yucatan Peninsula.
Ecological niche models of keystone or umbrella species such as A. tropicus and P. splendida could be useful to support conservation plans of protected areas. The potential distribution of both species covers areas of high suitability including six important biosphere reserves in Mexico, three protected areas in Guatemala and part of the Mesoamerican biological corridor.
Despite the potential expansion of the present distribution range suggested by the models, it is important to consider the biological and ecological requirements of the species and the ecological implications of these potential shifts in distribution. Both scenarios could have several implications at genetic, population, and ecosystem levels.
A role of peptidoglycan recognition protein in mediating insecticide detoxification in Glyphodes pyloalis
Authors: Jiang De‐Lei , Ding Jian‐Hao , Liu Zhi‐Xiang , Shao Zuo‐Ming , Liang Xin‐Hao , Wang Jun , Wu Fu‐An , Sheng Sheng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGlyphodes pyloalis Walker has become one of the most significant mulberry pests, and it has caused serious economic losses in major mulberry growing regions in China. Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are responsible for initiating and regulating immune signalling pathways in insects. However, their roles responding to chemical pesticides is still less known. This study aimed to investigate the possible detoxication function of GpPGRP‐S2 and GpPGRP‐S3 in G. pyloalis in response to chlorfenapyr and phoxim. The chlorfenapyr and phoxim treatment significantly induced the expression level of GpPGRP‐S3 at 48 h. In addition, the expression levels of GpPGRP‐S2 and GpPGRP‐S3 in the chlorfenapyr/phoxim treatment group were significantly higher in midgut than those in the control group at 48 h. The results of the survival experiment showed that silencing either GpPGRP‐S2 or GpPGRP‐S3 would not influence the survival rate of G. pyloalis which treated with phoxim, however, silencing GpPGRP‐S2 or GpPGRP‐S3 would cause G. pyloalis to be more easily killed by chlorfenapyr. The expression of carboxylesterase GpCXE1 was significantly induced by chlorfenapyr/phoxim treatment, while it was suppressed once silenced GpPGRP‐S2 followed with chlorfenapyr treatment or silenced GpPGRP‐S3 followed with phoxim treatment. These results might suggest that under the chlorfenapyr/phoxim treatment condition, the connection between GpPGRPs and detoxification genes in insect was induced to maintain physiological homeostasis; and these results may further enrich the mechanisms of insects challenged by insecticides.
Effect of Micropores of a Porous Coordination Polymer on the Product Selectivity in RuII Complex‐catalyzed CO2 Reduction
Authors: Kajiwara Takashi , Ikeda Miyuki , Kobayashi Katsuaki , Higuchi Masakazu , Tanaka Koji , Kitagawa Susumu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo develop an efficient CO2 reduction catalyst, hybridizing a molecular catalyst and a porous coordination polymer (PCP) is a promising strategy because it can combine both advantages of the precise reactivity control of the former and the CO2 adsorption property of the latter. Although several PCP hybrid catalysts have been reported to date, the CO2 sorption behavior and the CO2 reduction reactivity have been investigated separately, and the CO2 enrichment during the catalysis is still unclear. We report CO2 photoreduction under different temperatures and pressures using a PCP‐RuII complex hybrid catalyst. The product selectivity (CO or HCOOH) varied depending on the reaction conditions. The altered selectivity could be interpreted in terms of the CO2 capture in the micropores of a PCP.
Ferrowax microvalves for fully automated serial dilution on centrifugal microfluidic platforms
Authors: Kim Soohyun , Song Jayeon , Kim RaKyeom , Lee Nae Yoon , Kim Min Hwan , Park Hyun Gyu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe herein describe a centrifugal microfluidic system to accomplish a fully automated serial dilution. The liquid flow on the disc was regulated by utilizing ferrowax microvalves systematically integrated into the channels within specially designed metering structures. By opening the differently positioned microvalves through irradiation of IR laser to allow metering, the same amount of diluent was serially eluted to the dilution chamber from the same diluent chamber. After dilution, the diluted samples were automatically delivered to the respective final product chambers by appropriately opening or closing the microvalves in the connecting channels, followed by rotating the disc. Based on this unique design principle, six consecutive two‐fold and 10‐fold dilutions were successfully achieved, yielding excellent accuracy in a wide dynamic range up to six orders of magnitude. Very importantly, the overall serial dilution process, including the diluent addition, mixing, and product transfer steps, was completed very rapidly within 5 min, due to the minimized procedures enabled by the automated actuation of the ferrowax microvalves at the rationally designed positions. We expect our centrifugal microfluidic system would serve as a powerful elemental tool to realize fully automated diagnostic microsystems involving the serial dilution process.
Optimal management of acute decompensated aortic stenosis
Authors: Alkhouli Mohamad , Jneid Hani 
Published: September 2021

Key Points
The optimal management of acute decompensated aortic stenosis (AS) remains a clinical conundrum.
Urgent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is feasible and associated with lower readmissions rates than urgent balloon aortic valvuloplasty.
In contemporary practice, TAVI may be the treatment of choice of patients admitted with acute decompensated AS.
Coronary access after valve‐in‐valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Time for a prospective study?
Authors: Tang Gilbert H. L. , Dangas George D. 
Published: September 2021

Key Points
Although the durability of heart valves in younger patients remains unknown, those with coronary artery disease will likely progress and require intervention.
The ACURATE‐neo valve has the lowest frame profile among the various devices currently in use or under clinical investigation. A deeper implant in valve‐in‐valve transcatheter implantation did not appear to impact its hemodynamic performance but rather facilitates coronary access.
Future prospective studies should evaluate the concept of transcatheter valve frame‐to‐coronary distance in various transcatheter heart valves devices.
Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass graft surgery: The battle rages on
Authors: Tarantini Giuseppe , Zuccarelli Vittorio 
Published: September 2021

Key Points
In patients with LMCAD revascularized by PCI or CABG, the risk of all‐cause and CV mortality, MI and stroke was not different, but the risk of repeated revascularization was higher in PCI‐group, at long‐term follow‐up.
Since the hard individual endpoint were not different among patients revascularized by PCI or CABG, the decision of the optimal revascularization should be tailored on patient characteristics and not categorically taken.
The impact of improvement in technology DES‐platform, ancillary supporting techniques, such as physiology and coronary imaging, medical therapy, needs to be further investigated in future studies.
Programmed cell death ligand 1 expression in a case of poorly differentiated lymphocyte‐rich hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Omori Ginji , Osuga Takahiro , Miyanishi Koji , Hamaguchi Kota , Tanaka Shingo , Ohnuma Hiroyuki , Murase Kazuyuki , Takada Kohichi , Nagayama Minoru , Kimura Yasutoshi , Takemasa Ichiro , Kikuchi Yasuhiro , Torigoe Toshihiko , Kato Junji 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOur pathological study of a case of poorly differentiated lymphocyte‐rich hepatocellular carcinoma suggested that immune checkpoint inhibitor may be an effective therapy. The histological type is an important factor in determining treatment choices.
Fast Pyrolysis as a Valorization Mechanism for Banana Rachis and Low‐Density Polyethylene Waste
Authors: Streitwieser Daniela Almeida , Villamil Daniela Oña , Gutierrez Erika , Salazar Sebastián , Mora José R. , Bejarano M. Lorena 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBanana rachis and low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) were selected as secondary feedstocks for the study of fast pyrolysis in a free‐fall reactor. The experiments were performed at 600 °C for banana rachis and 450 °C for LDPE, based on literature and thermogravimetric analysis. The gaseous products of both feedstocks present similar composition in the C1–C2 compounds, while C3 compounds are only found in LDPE. The liquid products from banana and LDPE correspond to functional groups and shorter hydrocarbons, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses of the char showed important morphological changes to spheres in LDPE and structural changes due to thermal decomposition in the biomass. The pyrolysis char has high potential as adsorbent, encapsulation, or catalyst.
A Narrow Bandgap of 2D Ruddlesden‐Popper Bilayer Perovskite with Giant Entropy Change and Photoluminescence
Authors: Zhuang Jia‐chang , Wei Wen‐juan , Song Ning , Tang Yun‐zhi , Tan Yu‐hui , Han Ding‐chong , Li Yu‐kong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe multifunctional two‐dimensional (2D) organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskites have potential applications in many fields, such as, semiconductor, energy storage and fluorescent device etc. Here, a 2D Ruddlesden‐Popper (RP) perovskite (IPA)2(FA)Pb2I7 (1, IPA+=C3H9NI+, FA+=CN2H5+) is determined for its photophysical properties. Strikingly, 1 reveals a solid reversible phase transition with Tc of 382 K accompanied by giant entropy change of 40 J mol−1 K−1. Further optical investigations indicate that 1 reveals a narrow direct bandgap (2.024 eV) attributed to the slight bending of I−Pb‐I edge and inorganic [Pb2I7]n layer and a superior photoluminescence (PL) emission with super long lifetime of 0.1607 ms. It is believed that this work will pave an avenue to further design multifunctional semiconductors that combines energy storage and photoelectric materials.
Detection and Differentiation of Liquid and Solid Particles in Ambient Air
Authors: Westphal Danny , Teumer Tobias , Schäfer Thomas , Ahlers Rolf‐Jürgen , Rädle Matthias 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAerosols contain liquid and/or solid particles, which can pose a significant risk to humans. In order to detect these potential hazards at an early stage, this paper shows the possibility of measuring aerosols with an adapted particle sensor system (ProxiCube®) and displaying the liquid and solid components separately. To demonstrate the reproducibility of the measurements, samples are monitored simultaneously with two ProxiCubes and a well‐established reference system.
Safety and efficacy of left atrial appendage occlusion with the ACP or Watchman device guided by intracardiac echocardiography from the left atrium
Authors: Pommier Thibaut , Guenancia Charles , Richard Carole , Sagnard Audrey , Fichot Marie , Salignon‐Vernay Clemence , Porot Guillaume , Laurent Gabriel , Lorgis Luc 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is a paucity of randomized data regarding the safety and efficacy of the use of intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) from the left atrium (LA) to guide left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) procedures under local anesthesia using either of the available devices.HypothesisThe aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of ICE from the LA with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for guidance during transcatheter LAAO procedures.MethodsSingle‐center, cohort study of patients undergoing LAAO with the Amplatzer Cardiac Plug or Watchman device. Procedures were guided by ICE from the LA with local anesthesia (n = 175) or TEE under general anesthesia (n = 49). Efficacy outcomes were procedural success and peri‐device leaks 6 weeks after LAAO. The safety outcome was a composite of procedure‐related complications.ResultsProcedural success was similar between groups: 100% in the TEE‐guided group, and 98% in the ICE‐guided group. Procedure‐related complications such as death, embolism, migration, or major vascular complications occurred similarly between groups (p = 0.590). The rate and degree of peri‐device leaks or presence of a thrombus on the device did not differ between groups on follow‐up CT. Turnover time in the catheter laboratory and use of contrast agent were reduced with ICE.ConclusionsICE in the left atrium to guide LAAO procedures appears to be as effective and safe as TEE. There was no increase in procedure‐related complications, whatever the device used. ICE resulted in similar procedural success while decreasing procedure time and requiring only local anesthesia.
Constitutive tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐deficiency causes a reduction in spine density in mouse dentate granule cells accompanied by homeostatic adaptations of spine head size
Authors: Smilovic Dinko , Rietsche Michael , Drakew Alexander , Vuksic Mario , Deller Thomas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe majority of excitatory synapses terminating on cortical neurons are found on dendritic spines. The geometry of spines, in particular the size of the spine head, tightly correlates with the strength of the excitatory synapse formed with the spine. Under conditions of synaptic plasticity, spine geometry may change, reflecting functional adaptations. Since the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been shown to influence synaptic transmission as well as Hebbian and homeostatic forms of synaptic plasticity, we speculated that TNF‐deficiency may cause concomitant structural changes at the level of dendritic spines. To address this question, we analyzed spine density and spine head area of Alexa568‐filled granule cells in the dentate gyrus of adult C57BL/6J and TNF‐deficient (TNF‐KO) mice. Tissue sections were double‐stained for the actin‐modulating and plasticity‐related protein synaptopodin (SP), a molecular marker for strong and stable spines. Dendritic segments of TNF‐deficient granule cells exhibited ∼20% fewer spines in the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus compared to controls, indicating a reduced afferent innervation. Of note, these segments also had larger spines containing larger SP‐clusters. This pattern of changes is strikingly similar to the one seen after denervation‐associated spine loss following experimental entorhinal denervation of granule cells: Denervated granule cells increase the SP‐content and strength of their remaining spines to homeostatically compensate for those that were lost. Our data suggest a similar compensatory mechanism in TNF‐deficient granule cells in response to a reduction in their afferent innervation.
Lip‐closing strength in children is enhanced by lip and facial muscle training
Authors: Nogami Yukiko , Saitoh Issei , Inada Emi , Murakami Daisuke , Iwase Yoko , Kubota Naoko , Nakamura Yuki , Nakakura‐Ohshima Kuniko , Suzuki Ayako , Yamasaki Youichi , Hayasaki Haruaki , Kaihara Yasutaka 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesWeakening of lip‐closing strength (LCS) associated with an incompetent lip seal (ILS) may affect the oral balance between the lip and tongue pressures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of lip‐closing training in children with lower LCS and/or abnormal habits across different age groups and to compare its effects on increasing LCS in children with malocclusion and/or oral habits.Material and MethodsLip‐closing training was performed by 154 Japanese children aged 3–12 years using a specialized training device at home for 3 months. Children with oral habits and/or exhibiting less than standard LCS were included. LCS was measured using a digital strain force gauge at a dental clinic at the beginning (T0) and after each month (after 3 months: T3).ResultsChildren had higher LCS responses after lip‐closing training. The first month of lip‐closing training was more effective than the subsequent months. With lip‐closing training, the LCS increased from an average of 6.2 N (T0) to 11.4 N (T3) in Group I, 7.9 N (T0) to 12.8 N (T3) in Group II, and 6.8 N to 11.4 N in Group III. Anterior cross bite, including reverse bite, open bite, and tongue thrusting, significantly reduced training effects.ConclusionOur findings showed that lower LCS in children with ILS resulted in greater responses to lip‐closing training in a short period, but oral dysfunction, such as abnormal habits, inhibited the positive effects of training. Our results suggest that less detrimental effects of malocclusion and abnormal oral habits lip‐closing training enhances LCS in younger children.
Mesoporous WCx Films with NiO‐Protected Surface: Highly Active Electrocatalysts for the Alkaline Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Frisch Marvin , Ye Meng‐Yang , Hamid Raza Muhammad , Arinchtein Aleks , Bernsmeier Denis , Gomer Anna , Bredow Thomas , Pinna Nicola , Kraehnert Ralph 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMetal carbides are promising materials for electrocatalytic reactions such as water electrolysis. However, for application in catalysis for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), protection against oxidative corrosion, a high surface area with facile electrolyte access, and control over the exposed active surface sites are highly desirable. This study concerns a new method for the synthesis of porous tungsten carbide films with template‐controlled porosity that are surface‐modified with thin layers of nickel oxide (NiO) to obtain active and stable OER catalysts. The method relies on the synthesis of soft‐templated mesoporous tungsten oxide (mp. WOx) films, a pseudomorphic transformation into mesoporous tungsten carbide (mp. WCx), and a subsequent shape‐conformal deposition of finely dispersed NiO species by atomic layer deposition (ALD). As theoretically predicted by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the highly conductive carbide support promotes the conversion of Ni2+ into Ni3+, leading to remarkably improved utilization of OER‐active sites in alkaline medium. The obtained Ni mass‐specific activity is about 280 times that of mesoporous NiOx (mp. NiOx) films. The NiO‐coated WCx catalyst achieves an outstanding mass‐specific activity of 1989 A gNi−1 in a rotating‐disc electrode (RDE) setup at 25 °C using 0.1 m KOH as the electrolyte.