bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of temperature and its interaction with other meteorological factors on bacillary dysentery in Jilin Province, China
Authors: Wang Yingshuang , Li Meina , Li Zhongqi , Chai Ruiyu , Dong Xinxin , Xu Han , Wang Jin , Yao Laishun , Zhang Yang , Zhao Qinglong , Yao Yan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Bacterial dysentery (BD) brings a major disease burden to developing countries. Exploring the influence of temperature and its interaction with other meteorological factors on BD is significant for the prevention and early warning of BD in the context of climate change. Daily BD cases and meteorological data from 2008 to 2018 were collected in all nine prefecture-level cities in Jilin Province. A one-stage province-level model and a two-stage city-specific multivariate meta-pooled level distributed lag non-linear model were established to explore the correlation between temperature and BD, then the weather-stratified generalised additive model was used to test the interaction. During the study period, a total of 26 971 cases of BD were developed. The one-stage and two-stage cumulative dose-response ‘J’ curves overlapped, and results showed a positive correlation between temperature and BD with a 1–6 days lag effect. Age group ⩾5 years was found to be more sensitive to the effects. Moreover, there was a significant interaction between temperature, humidity and precipitation (P = 0.004, 0.002, respectively) on BD under high temperature (>0 °C), reminding residents and policymakers to pay attention to the prevention of BD in situations with both high temperature and humidity, high temperature and precipitation during the temperate monsoon climate.
ON THE FIRST STEPS OF THE MINIMAL MODEL PROGRAM FOR THE MODULI SPACE OF STABLE POINTED CURVES
Authors: Codogni Giulio , Tasin Luca , Viviani Filippo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to study all the natural first steps of the minimal model program for the moduli space of stable pointed curves. We prove that they admit a modular interpretation, and we study their geometric properties. As a particular case, we recover the first few Hassett–Keel log canonical models. As a by-product, we produce many birational morphisms from the moduli space of stable pointed curves to alternative modular projective compactifications of the moduli space of pointed curves.
QUANTIFIED MODAL RELEVANT LOGICS
Authors: FERENZ NICHOLAS 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHere, I combine the semantics of Mares and Goldblatt [20] and Seki [29, 30] to develop a semantics for quantified modal relevant logics extending
${\bf B}$
. The combination requires demonstrating that the Mares–Goldblatt approach is apt for quantified extensions of
${\bf B}$
and other relevant logics, but no significant bridging principles are needed. The result is a single semantic approach for quantified modal relevant logics. Within this framework, I discuss the requirements a quantified modal relevant logic must satisfy to be “sufficiently classical” in its modal fragment, where frame conditions are given that work for positive fragments of logics. The roles of the Barcan formula and its converse are also investigated.
Implementation of tunable resonators in planar groove gap waveguide technology
Authors: Oyedokun Titus , Geschke Riana H. , Stander Tinus 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe present a tunable planar groove gap waveguide (PGGWG) resonant cavity at Ka-band. The cavity demonstrates varactor loading and biasing without bridging wires or annular rings, as commonly is required in conventional substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) resonant cavities. A detailed co-simulation strategy is also presented, with indicative parametric tuning data. Measured results indicate a 4.48% continuous frequency tuning range of 32.52–33.98 GHz and a Qu tuning range of 63–85, corresponding to the DC bias voltages of 0–16 V. Discrepancies between simulated and measured results are analyzed, and traced to process variation in the multi-layer printed circuit board stack, as well as unaccounted varactor parasitics and surface roughness.
Towards a theory of neoliberal constitutionalism: Addressing Chile’s first constitution-making laboratory
Authors: Alemparte Benjamin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBefore neoliberalism became global, it was an intellectual project that had a particular view of the power of constitutions to limit sovereign states, anchor economic freedoms and protect markets from democratic pressures for greater equality. In Latin America and the developing world, neoliberalism has long been identified with the political economy of the Washington Consensus. However, the comprehensive study of its legal foundations and institutional arrangements is still an area of limited scholarly attention. This article attempts to advance in that direction. By examining the work of Friedrich A. Hayek, Milton Friedman and James M. Buchanan, it explores a theory of neoliberal constitutionalism within Chile, the so-called first neoliberal laboratory. These authors visited the country during the Pinochet dictatorship (1973–90), and were connected with top Chilean authorities as part of their global ambitions to implement their theoretical agendas in real-world scenarios. The article argues that Chile’s constitution-making process between 1973 and 1980 offered an on-site experiment in introducing neoliberal’s radical economic transformation. It addresses how the dictatorship’s natural law-based rule of law principles were compatible with the neoliberal constitutional ideology by supporting a distinctive view of the state’s role and designing the innovative institutional arrangements necessary to guarantee the market’s priority in the structural and rights dimension of the 1980 Constitution. In the wake of Chile’s recent constitutional change agenda, this article not only contributes to the existing debate by reflecting on the ideological origins of the still-persistent constitutional neoliberal features, but also works as a case study for evaluating new global turns towards authoritarian neoliberal politics.
Recruiting aus Sicht der Bewerber_innen
Authors: Thielsch Meinald T. , Erdal Dilara , Merhof Viola 
Published: April 2021

Zusammenfassung. Hochwertiges Personalmarketing ist der essenzielle erste Schritt im Recruiting. Qualifizierte Bewerber_innen müssen auf offene Positionen erfolgreich aufmerksam gemacht werden, wofür Unternehmen und Organisationen verschiedene Online- und Offline-Maßnahmen zur Verfügung stehen. Zentral ist dabei die Wahrnehmung des Personalmarketings durch die Bewerbenden, deren Sicht bislang allerdings wenig betrachtet wurde. In der vorliegenden Studie wird daher mithilfe einer für die deutsche Arbeitsbevölkerung repräsentativen Stichprobe ( N = 1.070) die Nutzung und Bewertung von klassischen und neuartigen digitalen Personalmarketingmaßnahmen in sozialen Medien untersucht und zusätzlich digitale Ansprachemethoden experimentell überprüft. Bekannte und etablierte Online- und Offline-Personalmarketingmaßnahmen weisen hohe Nutzungszahlen auf und sind zugleich am beliebtesten. Soziale Medien werden hingegen von den Bewerber_innen vergleichsweise wenig präferiert. Kongruent dazu wird im experimentellen Setup die klassische Benachrichtigung per Post neuartigen digitalen Kommunikationswegen (WhatsApp, Facebook, Alexa Voice System) vorgezogen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie können in der Praxis zur gezielten Ansprache potenzieller Bewerber_innen und für den optimalen Einsatz verschiedener Methoden genutzt werden.
Disentangling Combined Effects of Sediment Sorting, Provenance, and Chemical Weathering From a Pliocene‐Pleistocene Sedimentary Core (CSDP‐1) in the South Yellow Sea
Authors: Huang Xiangtong , Mei Xi , Yang Shouye , Zhang Xunhua , Li Fangliang , Hohl Simon V. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe South Yellow Sea is an important sink for sediments delivered by the Yellow and Yangtze rivers in East Asia. We conducted a high‐resolution geochemical analysis on the bulk sediments retrieved from a marine drill core (CSDP‐1) using the method of X‐ray fluorescence (XRF). Our results show large geochemical variations along the core. As demonstrated by linear correlations along with the Al‐Si link in a compositional principal component analysis (PCA), the variations in elemental ratios among Al, K, Zr, Ba, and Si are primarily controlled by sediment sorting effects. A closer examination indicates a gradual shift of sediment provenance from the Yangtze to the Yellow River catchment in the core. With the help of a fuzzy c‐means cluster analysis on elemental ratios of Al/Si, Al/Ti, K/Si as well as the chemical index of alteration (CIA), the timing of a major provenance change in the core is narrowed down to 1.5–1.7 Ma. This timing corresponds to a major seismic and sedimentary boundary (T2) in the Yellow Sea Basin and coincides with the onset of fluvial terrace deposition and incision in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River. As a result, we argue that the major provenance change derived from geochemical variations in the Yellow Sea sedimentary basin can be linked with the integration of the modern Yellow River. The provenance change is likely caused by a coupling between regional tectonic deformation and the Asian summer monsoon enhancement in the early Pleistocene.
Assessing Global Present‐Day Surface Mass Transport and Glacial Isostatic Adjustment From Inversion of Geodetic Observations
Authors: Jiang Yan , Wu Xiaoping , van den Broeke Michiel R. , Kuipers Munneke Peter , Simonsen Sebastian B. , van der Wal Wouter , Vermeersen Bert L. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLong‐term monitoring of global mass transport within the Earth system improves our ability to mitigate natural hazards and better understand their relations to climate change. Satellite gravity is widely used to monitor surface mass variations for its unprecedented spatial and temporal coverage. However, the gravity data contain signals from visco‐elastic deformation in response to past ice sheet melting, preventing us from extracting signals of present‐day surface mass trend (PDMT) directly. Here we present a global inversion scheme that separates PDMT and visco‐elastic glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) signatures by combining satellite gravimetry with satellite altimetry and ground observations. Our inversion provides global dual data coverage that enables a robust separation of PDMT and GIA spherical harmonic coefficients. It has the advantage of providing estimates of Earth's long wavelength deformation signatures and their uncertainties. Our GIA result, along with its uncertainty estimates, can be used in future GRACE processing to better assess the impact of GIA on surface mass change. Our GIA estimates include a rapid GIA uplift in the Southeast Alaska and the Amundsen Sea Embayment, due to the visco‐elastic response to recent glacial unloading. We estimate the average surface mass change rate from 2002–2010 to be −203 ± 3 GT·a−1 in Greenland, −126 ± 18 GT·a−1 in Antarctica and, −62 ± 5 GT·a−1 in Alaska. The GIA low degree spherical harmonic coefficients are sensitive to rheological properties in Earth's deep interior. Our low‐degree GIA estimates include geocenter motion and which provide unique constraints to understand Earth's lower mantle and ice history.
Meteorological Tsunami Generation Due to Sea‐Surface Pressure Change: Three‐Dimensional Theory and Synthetics of Ocean‐Bottom Pressure Change
Authors: Saito Tatsuhiko , Kubota Tatsuya , Chikasada Naotaka Y. , Tanaka Yuusuke , Sandanbata Osamu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAlthough most tsunamis are generated by the sea‐bottom deformation caused by earthquakes, some tsunamis are excited by sea‐surface pressure changes. This study theoretically investigated tsunamis generated by sea‐surface pressure changes and derived the solutions in three‐dimensional (3‐D) space, whereas most past studies employed two‐dimensional equations. Using the solutions, we simulated and visualized tsunami generation by a growing pressure change. Negative pressure change made the sea surface uplifted inside the source region and negative leading waves were radiated from the source region. We also simulated the tsunami generation when the pressure change at the sea surface moves at almost the same speed as the tsunami propagation speed. The tsunami height increased with increasing travel distance, including the dispersion effects. The 3‐D solutions in this study, including vertical velocity distribution, indicate that both tsunami height and sea‐surface pressure changes contribute to ocean‐bottom pressure changes, suggesting the difficulty in measuring tsunami height with ocean‐bottom pressure observations. When the pressure change source was characterized by short‐wavelength components, the dispersion sometimes possibly increased the tsunami height more extensively than the nondispersive tsunamis. The 3‐D solutions are necessary for describing tsunami generation where the long‐wave approximations are not applicable in open oceans.
Cross‐Equatorial Anti‐Symmetry in the Seasonal Transport of the Western Boundary Current in the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Zhai Yujia , Yang Jiayan , Wan Xiuquan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe western boundary current in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean is a main conduit for water‐mass exchanges across the equator and thus a major pathway for the interhemispheric transports in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) system. In this study we quantify and examine the mean and seasonal variability of the equatorial western boundary current (EWBC) in the upper ocean layer using two data‐assimilated products, the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO4r3) and the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA3). It is found that the EWBC between 10°S and 10°N exhibits two pronounced features in its seasonal variability: (1) the transport varies anti‐symmetrically across the equator, that is, the northward EWBC strengthens to the north of the equator when it weakens to the south of the equator, and vice versa; and (2) the amplitude of seasonal variations is much greater in the northern hemisphere than in the south. We hypothesize that the cross‐equatorial anti‐symmetry in EWBC transport variability is attributable to the impingement of equatorial Rossby waves at the western boundary and the shape of the western boundary is the main cause for the amplified seasonal variability in the northern hemisphere. A simple 1 and 1/2‐layer model is used to test and validate this hypothesis and to elucidate the role of wind forcing and topography plays in the seasonal variability in the EWBC transport.
An alternative approach to nucleic acid memory
Authors: Dickinson George D. , Mortuza Golam Md , Clay William , Piantanida Luca , Green Christopher M. , Watson Chad , Hayden Eric J. , Andersen Tim , Kuang Wan , Graugnard Elton , Zadegan Reza , Hughes William L. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDNA is a compelling alternative to non-volatile information storage technologies due to its information density, stability, and energy efficiency. Previous studies have used artificially synthesized DNA to store data and automated next-generation sequencing to read it back. Here, we report digital Nucleic Acid Memory (dNAM) for applications that require a limited amount of data to have high information density, redundancy, and copy number. In dNAM, data is encoded by selecting combinations of single-stranded DNA with (1) or without (0) docking-site domains. When self-assembled with scaffold DNA, staple strands form DNA origami breadboards. Information encoded into the breadboards is read by monitoring the binding of fluorescent imager probes using DNA-PAINT super-resolution microscopy. To enhance data retention, a multi-layer error correction scheme that combines fountain and bi-level parity codes is used. As a prototype, fifteen origami encoded with ‘Data is in our DNA!\n’ are analyzed. Each origami encodes unique data-droplet, index, orientation, and error-correction information. The error-correction algorithms fully recover the message when individual docking sites, or entire origami, are missing. Unlike other approaches to DNA-based data storage, reading dNAM does not require sequencing. As such, it offers an additional path to explore the advantages and disadvantages of DNA as an emerging memory material.
Clone-structured graph representations enable flexible learning and vicarious evaluation of cognitive maps
Authors: George Dileep , Rikhye Rajeev V. , Gothoskar Nishad , Guntupalli J. Swaroop , Dedieu Antoine , Lázaro-Gredilla Miguel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCognitive maps are mental representations of spatial and conceptual relationships in an environment, and are critical for flexible behavior. To form these abstract maps, the hippocampus has to learn to separate or merge aliased observations appropriately in different contexts in a manner that enables generalization and efficient planning. Here we propose a specific higher-order graph structure, clone-structured cognitive graph (CSCG), which forms clones of an observation for different contexts as a representation that addresses these problems. CSCGs can be learned efficiently using a probabilistic sequence model that is inherently robust to uncertainty. We show that CSCGs can explain a variety of cognitive map phenomena such as discovering spatial relations from aliased sensations, transitive inference between disjoint episodes, and formation of transferable schemas. Learning different clones for different contexts explains the emergence of splitter cells observed in maze navigation and event-specific responses in lap-running experiments. Moreover, learning and inference dynamics of CSCGs offer a coherent explanation for disparate place cell remapping phenomena. By lifting aliased observations into a hidden space, CSCGs reveal latent modularity useful for hierarchical abstraction and planning. Altogether, CSCG provides a simple unifying framework for understanding hippocampal function, and could be a pathway for forming relational abstractions in artificial intelligence.
Circadian clock dysfunction in human omental fat links obesity to metabolic inflammation
Authors: Maury Eleonore , Navez Benoit , Brichard Sonia M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTo unravel the pathogenesis of obesity and its complications, we investigate the interplay between circadian clocks and NF-κB pathway in human adipose tissue. The circadian clock function is impaired in omental fat from obese patients. ChIP-seq analyses reveal that the core clock activator, BMAL1 binds to several thousand target genes. NF-κB competes with BMAL1 for transcriptional control of some targets and overall, BMAL1 chromatin binding occurs in close proximity to NF-κB consensus motifs. Obesity relocalizes BMAL1 occupancy genome-wide in human omental fat, thereby altering the transcription of numerous target genes involved in metabolic inflammation and adipose tissue remodeling. Eventually, clock dysfunction appears at early stages of obesity in mice and is corrected, together with impaired metabolism, by NF-κB inhibition. Collectively, our results reveal a relationship between NF-κB and the molecular clock in adipose tissue, which may contribute to obesity-related complications.
Disruption of the HER3-PI3K-mTOR oncogenic signaling axis and PD-1 blockade as a multimodal precision immunotherapy in head and neck cancer
Authors: Wang Zhiyong , Goto Yusuke , Allevato Michael M. , Wu Victoria H. , Saddawi-Konefka Robert , Gilardi Mara , Alvarado Diego , Yung Bryan S. , O’Farrell Aoife , Molinolo Alfredo A. , Duvvuri Umamaheswar , Grandis Jennifer R. , Califano Joseph A. , Cohen Ezra E. W. , Gutkind J. Silvio 
Published: April 2021

AbstractImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has revolutionized head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment, but <20% of patients achieve durable responses. Persistent activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling circuitry represents a key oncogenic driver in HNSCC; however, the potential immunosuppressive effects of PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors may limit the benefit of their combination with ICB. Here we employ an unbiased kinome-wide siRNA screen to reveal that HER3, is essential for the proliferation of most HNSCC cells that do not harbor PIK3CA mutations. Indeed, we find that persistent tyrosine phosphorylation of HER3 and PI3K recruitment underlies aberrant PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in PIK3CA wild type HNSCCs. Remarkably, antibody-mediated HER3 blockade exerts a potent anti-tumor effect by suppressing HER3-PI3K-AKT-mTOR oncogenic signaling and concomitantly reversing the immune suppressive tumor microenvironment. Ultimately, we show that HER3 inhibition and PD-1 blockade may provide a multimodal precision immunotherapeutic approach for PIK3CA wild type HNSCC, aimed at achieving durable cancer remission.
Fluid pathways identified beneath Narlı Lake (Central Anatolia) show the geothermal potential of former volcanoes
Authors: Brehme Maren , Giese Ronny , Dokuz Uğur Erdem , Bulut Fatih 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe investigated the volcanic Narlı Lake in Central Anatolia combining high-resolution bathymetry and geochemical measurements. In this study, we present it as proof of a new concept to verify fluid pathways beneath lakes integrating the structure of the geothermal reservoir into the surrounding tectonic frame. We recognized dextral faults fracturing inherited volcanic formations and thus generating highly permeable zones beneath the lake. At intersection points of faults, reservoir fluids discharge from deep holes as imaged by the high-resolution bathymetry at the bottom of the Narlı Lake. Onshore, the tectonic setting also generates both extensional and compressional structures. Extensional structures result in extensive fluid discharge through hot springs while compressional structures do not discharge any fluid. The water of the lake as well as in the hot springs is highly saline and has relatively high concentrations of Cl, HCO3, SO4, Na, Ca, Mg, and Si. In several hot springs, we observed mixtures of high-saline fluids having a deep origin and low-saline shallow groundwater. We observed discharge into the lake by gas bubbles, which contain probably CO2 or H2S. Mineral precipitation indicates a carbonatic source at the lake bottom and along the shoreline. Extensive travertine precipitation also occurs near hot springs along the nearby extensional zone of Ihlara Valley. In summary, the composition of fluids and minerals is controlled by water–rock interaction through the volcanic and carbonatic rocks beneath this volcanic lake.
Qualitative and quantitative detection of surgical pathogenic microorganisms Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus based on ddPCR system
Authors: Zhang Tiantian , Niu Zhiqiang , Wu Feng , Chen Zongkun , Xu Jun , Jiang Kewei , Lai Zhiyong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBacterial culture and drug susceptibility testing are used to identify pathogen infections. Nevertheless, the process requires several days from collection to the identification of bacterial species and drug-resistance patterns. The digital PCR system is a rapidly developing quantitative detection technology widely applied to molecular diagnosis, including copy number variations, single nucleotide variant analysis, cancer biomarker discovery, and pathogen identification. This study aimed to use a droplet digital PCR system to identify bacteria in blood samples and explore its ability to identify pathogen in bacteremia. Then, we designed primers and probes of SWG-9 and COA gene for E. coli and S. aureus to identify in blood samples with the ddPCR system. The system had demonstrated extremely high detection accuracy in blood samples, and the detection rate of E. coli was 13.1–21.4%, and that of S. aureus was 50–88.3%. Finally, blood samples containing both E. coli and S. aureus were tested to evaluate further the accuracy and applicability of this method, indicating the detection rates range from 18.1% to 97%. The ddPCR system is highly promising as a qualitatively and quantitatively screening method for rapidly detecting pathogen.