bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a co-design process to develop an integrated model of care for delivering self-management intervention to multi-morbid COPD people in rural Nepal
Authors: Yadav Uday Narayan , Lloyd Jane , Baral Kedar Prasad , Bhatta Narendra , Mehta Suresh , Harris Mark Fort 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Nepal are not receiving adequate support to self-manage their chronic conditions, and primary health care can play a key role in the effective management of these. In this study, we aimed to develop a model of care, using a co-design approach, for delivering evidence-based biomedical and psycho-social care to support self-management for people with multi-morbid COPD in rural Nepal.

Methods
A co-design approach, guided by the five stages of the design thinking model, was used for this study. Layering on “empathize” and “define” phases, we ideated a model of care that was further refined in a “prototype” stage, which included a series of consultative meetings and a 1-day co-design workshop with stakeholders. This co-design process involved a wide range of stakeholders from Nepal, including people with COPD and their families, community representatives, local government representatives, primary care practitioners, community health workers, policymakers, state-level government representatives and academics.

Results
Through our co-design approach, a model of integrated care for delivering evidence-based biomedical and psycho-social care to support self-management for people with multi-morbid COPD was designed. The integrated model of care included: screening of the community members aged > 40 years or exhibiting symptoms for COPD and management of symptomatic patients within primary health care, establishing referral pathways for severe cases to and from secondary/tertiary-level health care and establishing a community-based support system. It involved specific roles for community health workers, patients and their caregivers and community representatives. It was built on existing services and programmes linking primary health care centres and tertiary-level health facilities.

Conclusion
The co-design approach is different from the currently dominant approach of rolling out models of care, which were designed elsewhere with minimal community engagement. In our study, the co-design approach was found to be effective in engaging various stakeholders and in developing a model of care for rural Nepal. This grassroots approach is more likely to be acceptable, effective and sustainable in rural Nepal. Further research is required to test the effectiveness of an integrated model of care in delivering self-management support for people with multi-morbid COPD in rural Nepal.
Prevalence and risk factors of suicidal ideations among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder in Egypt
Authors: Sehlo Mohammad Gamal , Youssef Usama Mahmoud , El-Gohari Hayam Mohammed 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Suicidal ideations were reported in many studies among patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with current suicidal ideations among Egyptian patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A consecutive sample of 120 Egyptian OCD patients was included in the study. OCD was diagnosed using the structured clinical interview for DSM-V axis Ι disorders, clinical version (SCID-I-CV). Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) was also applied to the patients. Presence of current suicidal ideations was assessed using Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI).

Results
Twenty eight (23.3%) of the OCD patients reported presence of current suicidal ideations, religious obsessions OR = 3.53, P = 0.009, and presence of comorbid major depressive disorder OR = 1.77, P = 0.04.

Conclusion
Religious obsessions and comorbid major depressive disorder were found to be significant predictors for the current suicidal ideations in patients with OCD; however, religious obsessions were the strongest predictor. Religious obsessions should be evaluated and treated to decrease the risk of suicidal thoughts in Egyptian OCD patients.
Seismic imaging using an e-vib — A case study analyzing the signal properties of a seismic vibrator driven by electric linear synchronous motors
Authors: Brodic Bojan , Ras Paul , de Kunder Richard , Drijkoningen Guy , Malehmir Alireza 
Published: February 2021

Seismic imaging characteristics of a prototype electrically driven, linear synchronous motor-based, vertical-force seismic vibrator (“e-vib”) were evaluated at a site in the Netherlands. The system weighs 1.65 t and excites seismic signals with a peak force of 6.7 kN. Data were recorded along two collocated geophone-based nodal and landstreamer microelectromechanical system - MEMS-based sensor 2D seismic profiles. To obtain a broad bandwidth data set, the e-vib operated with a 1–200 Hz linear sweep. Shot gathers of the merged nodal-landstreamer data set indicated good-quality seismic data of a broadband nature. The processed merged data set demonstrates high-resolution reflections of the stratigraphic members from approximately 200 m to 2 km, with visible reflections as deep as 2.5–2.9 km. As a reference, we also processed a legacy 3D microspread data set acquired at the same site with a magnitude stronger (14.1 t, 67.5 kN) hydraulic vibrator. Comparison of our nodal-landstreamer seismic section versus 2D slices extracted from the processed microspread seismic volume suggested similar signal penetration depth and the same key marker horizons seen in both. Analysis of the reaction mass and base-plate accelerometer signals recorded with the e-vib source operating on grass and on asphalt surfaces indicates that the e-vib has low total harmonic distortion. The results obtained indicate that, although relatively small, the e-vib is capable of generating high-quality broadband seismic data.
Anxiety Shapes Expectations of Therapeutic Benefit in Phase I Trials for Patients With Advanced Cancer and Spousal Caregivers
Authors: Hlubocky Fay J. , Sher Tamara G. , Cella David , Wroblewski Kristen E. , Peppercorn Jeffery , Daugherty Christopher K. 
Published: February 2021

PURPOSE: Advanced cancer patients (ACP) hope to receive significant therapeutic benefit from phase I trials despite terminal disease and presumed symptom burdens. We examined associations between symptom burdens and expectations of therapeutic benefit for ACP and spousal caregivers (SC) during phase I trials. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort of ACP-SC enrolled in phase I trials was assessed at baseline and one month using symptom burden measures evaluating depression, state-trait anxiety, quality of life, global health, post-traumatic coping, and marital adjustment. Interviews evaluated expectations of benefit. RESULTS: Fifty-two phase I ACP and 52 SC (N = 104) were separately assessed and interviewed at baseline and one month. Total population demographics included the following: median age 61 years (28-78), 50% male, 100% married, 90% White, and 46% ≥ college education. At T1, ACP reported symptoms of mild state anxiety, mild trait anxiety, poor global health, and quality of life. SC reported moderate state and mild trait anxiety and good global health with little disability at baseline. State anxiety was a significant predictor of ACP expectations for phase I producing the following therapeutic benefits: stabilization ( P = .01), shrinkage ( P < .01), and remission ( P = .04). Regression analyses also revealed negative associations between SC expectation for stabilization and SC anxiety: state ( P = .01) and trait ( P = .02). ACP quality of life was also negatively associated with SC expectations for stabilization ( P = .02) and shrinkage ( P = .01). CONCLUSION: Anxiety, both state and trait, impacts couples’ beliefs regarding the likelihood of therapeutic benefit from phase I trial participation.
The Citizenship Advantage in Psychological Well-being: An Examination of the Hukou System in China
Authors: Song Qian , Smith James P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Given that Chinese migrants with rural hukou status are not considered full citizens in their urban destinations, rural-urban hukou conversion signifies full citizenship attainment in urban China. We assess causal effects of three major types of urban hukou attainment—merit-, policy-, and family-based hukou conversion—on migrants' psychological well-being in middle- and later-life. We further examine how hukou matters—how periods and hukou destinations alter the values of specific urban hukou and their psychological health implications for individuals. We use the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2015 data) and life history data (for 2014) for analysis. To assess the extent to which the salmon effect contributes to estimation bias for migrants, we compare results from a sample with current migrants and one with current and returned migrants. To address for selection into hukou conversion, we adopt inverse probability–weighted regression adjustment methods. We show that the salmon bias significantly dampened causal estimates. Merit- and policy-based hukou conversion has protective effects on psychological well-being. Policy-based converters have better psychological health than other types of converters. Hukou conversion in the pre-1978 period conveys greater psychological benefits than that in the post-1998 period, when economic and social values of urban hukou have decreased. Hukou converters in the cities with the most resources enjoy better psychological well-being than their counterparts in other cities. Our study joins the emerging literature in investigating how citizenship conveys advantage in health and well-being. We discuss these results in the global context as well as the context of China's decades of evolution of hukou policy and the urbanization process.
Exploring Strategies for Investigating the Mechanisms Linking Climate and Individual-Level Child Health Outcomes: An Analysis of Birth Weight in Mali
Authors: Grace Kathryn , Verdin Andrew , Dorélien Audrey , Davenport Frank , Funk Chris , Husak Greg 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The goal of this article is to consider data solutions to investigate the differential pathways that connect climate/weather variability to child health outcomes. We apply several measures capturing different aspects of climate/weather variability to different time periods of in utero exposure. The measures are designed to capture the complexities of climate-related risks and isolate their impacts based on the timing and duration of exposure. Specifically, we focus on infant birth weight in Mali and consider local weather and environmental conditions associated with the three most frequently posited potential drivers of adverse health outcomes: disease (malaria), heat stress, and food insecurity. We focus this study on Mali, where seasonal trends facilitate the use of measures specifically designed to capture distinct aspects of climate/weather conditions relevant to the potential drivers. Results indicate that attention to the timing of exposures and employing measures designed to capture nuances in each of the drivers provides important insight into climate and birth weight outcomes, especially in the case of factors impacted by precipitation. Results also indicate that high temperatures and low levels of agricultural production are consistently associated with lower birth weights, and exposure to malarious conditions may increase likelihood of nonlive birth outcomes.
Characteristics of Electrolytic Deoxygenation Devices Using SiC and SWCNT Electrodes
Authors: Kaneto Keiichi , Uto Sadahito 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Electrolytic deoxygenation devices have been fabricated using SiC, SWCNT, graphene, and PEDOT*PSS for the electrodes. Characteristics of devices were studied by measuring currents, O2 and H2 concentrations, and humidity during deoxygenation in a closed container. Performances of the devices being composed of cation or anion exchange membrane are discussed comparing with the standard catalyst of Pt-black. It is found that generation of moisture and H2 was substantially involved in the deoxygenation.
Concerted Catalysis of Pd and Au on Alloy Nanoparticles for Efficient Heterogeneous Molecular Transformations
Authors: Miura Hiroki , Shishido Tetsuya 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The PdAu random alloy nanoparticle catalyst shows excellent catalytic activity for heterogeneous molecular formations, whereas monometallic Pd or Au catalysts were ineffective. The Pd/Au ratio in the alloy had a significant impact on its catalytic performance, and the catalyst with a low Pd concentration exhibited excellent activity. The concerted catalysis of Pd and Au adjacent on the alloy surface is responsible for the specific catalytic performance.
A Model of Queue Scalping
Authors: Yang Luyi , Wang Zhongbin , Cui Shiliang 
Published: February 2021

Recent years have witnessed the rise of queue scalping in congestion-prone service systems. A queue scalper has no material interest in the primary service but proactively enters the queue in hopes of selling his spot later. This paper develops a queueing-game-theoretic model of queue scalping and generates the following insights. First, we find that queues with either a very small or very large demand volume may be immune to scalping, whereas queues with a nonextreme demand volume may attract the most scalpers. Second, in the short run, when capacity is fixed, the presence of queue scalping often increases social welfare and can increase or reduce system throughput, but it tends to reduce consumer surplus. Third, in the long run, the presence of queue scalping motivates a welfare-maximizing service provider to adjust capacity using a “pull-to-center” rule, increasing (respectively, reducing) capacity if the original capacity level is low (respectively, high). When the service provider responds by expanding capacity, the presence of queue scalping can increase social welfare, system throughput, and even consumer surplus in the long run, reversing its short-run detrimental effect on customers. Despite these potential benefits, such capacity expansion does little to mitigate scalping and may only generate more scalpers in the queue. Finally, we compare and contrast queue scalping with other common mechanisms in practice—namely, (centralized) pay-for-priority, line sitting, and callbacks. This paper was accepted by Victor Martínez de Albéniz, operations management.
Note-taking by nursing students: the case for implementing writing strategies to encourage best practice
Authors: Tavener-Smith Taryn 
Published: February 2021

Background: Note-taking is an integral component of professional nursing practice. If students are to complete this effectively, a range of teaching, learning and assessment strategies are required to support their development of this skill. Objectives: This study aimed to identify lecturers' perspectives of students' note-taking on placement to identify factors that limit the development of this skill; these perspectives could be used to explore strategies to support students to develop this skill while at university. Design: A qualitative study taking a phenomenological approach was carried out. Participants: Three senior nursing practice visitors agreed to be interviewed. Methods: Semistructured interviews were carried out and thematic analysis carried out to explore lecturers' perspectives of students' experiences of note-taking while on placement. These interviews were intended to obtain detailed accounts of note-taking and allow challenges to be explored. Results: Each participant observed and supported students' note-taking within practice placement settings. Three main themes emerged from the data: limitations to students' vocabulary and literacy; inconsistency between trusts resulting in an inability to articulate experience; and note-taking clarity and accuracy. Conclusion: Note-taking is central to nurses' education and professional documentation to support best practice and high-quality patient care. Variations in processes between trusts, stringency of standards required by the trusts where students attend placements, and students' writing abilities differ widely, which directly affect the consistency and accuracy of written notes.
Effects of Intelligent Carbon Fiber Heater on Pig Behavior, Production Performance, and Energy Consumption
Authors: Li Xiusong , Ye Zhangying , Li Guoming , Shen Pan , Zhu Songming , Zhao Shiguang , Liu Dezhao , Zhang Jie , Shen Zhongyin , Gao Weiwei 
Published: February 2021

HighlightsIntelligent carbon fiber heaters (ICFH) increased the tendency of sows to expose their udders toward the heating area.During the first week after birth, piglets with ICFH used the heating area more frequently and spent less time in the areas close to sows than piglets with incandescent heat lamps (IHL).ICFH helped to reduce the piglet crushing rate.Farrowing houses with ICFH can save 40.6% of the electricity usage compared to IHL.Abstract. Current Chinese heating systems (primarily incandescent heat lamps, IHL) for piglets are energy-consuming, fragile, and short-lived. To overcome these disadvantages, the objectives of this study were to (1) develop an intelligent carbon fiber heater (ICFH) and (2) conduct field experiments to evaluate the performance of the developed heater. The ICFH mainly consisted of an intelligent control unit, a carbon fiber tube, and a heater cover. Three treatments, i.e., ICFH, ICFH with light (ICFHL), and IHL, were respectively assigned to three farrowing pig houses. Pig behaviors, production performance, and electricity usage were recorded in two complete farrowing batches. The results showed that the sows in the ICFH and ICFHL treatments exposed their udders toward the heating area more often than their backs (p &lt; 0.01). Piglets at 1 to 3 days of age in the ICFH and ICFHL treatments increased their time in the heating area by &gt;4.3% (p &lt; 0.01). The proportion of piglets within 0.08 m of the sows was highest for the IHL treatment during 1 to 3 days of age (p &lt; 0.01) but similar among the treatments after day 3 (p = 0.45). The piglet crushing rate in the ICFH and ICFHL treatments was reduced by &gt;2.2% (p &lt; 0.01), while daily weight gain was not significantly different among the treatments (p = 0.16). Using ICFH and ICFHL can reduce electricity usage by 40.6%. It is concluded that the newly developed heater is beneficial for pig thermal comfort, production, and energy savings. Keywords: Automatic sensor technology, Carbon fiber heater, Piglet crushing, PLF.
Policies for evidence: a comparative analysis of Africa’s national evaluation policy landscape
Authors: Chirau Takunda J. , Blaser-Mapitsa Caitlin , Amisi Matodzi M. 
Published: February 2021

Background: African countries are developing their monitoring and evaluation policies to systematise, structure and institutionalise evaluations and use of evaluative evidence across the government sector. The pace at which evaluations are institutionalised and systematised across African governments is progressing relatively slowly.
Aims and objectives: This article offers a comparative analysis of Africa’s national evaluation policy landscape. The article looks at the policies of Zimbabwe, South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya (not adopted) and Uganda. To achieve the aim we unpack the different characteristics taken by the national evaluation policies, emerging lessons for countries who wish to develop a national evaluation policy, and key challenges faced by countries with regard to evaluation policy development and implementation. The article draws on both a desktop review and action research approaches from the Centre for Learning on Evaluation and Results Anglophone Africa to build national evaluation systems across the region. The approach has included peer learning and co-creation of knowledge around public sector evaluation systems.
Key conclusions: The national evaluation policies reviewed share certain common features in terms of purpose and composition. They are also struggling with common issues of institutionalising the evaluation system across the public sector. However, there are variations in the countries’ guiding governance frameworks at a national level that shape the nature and content of policies, as well as the ways through which the policies themselves are expected to guide the use of evaluative evidence for decision and policymaking, and programming.
Fiber optic evanescent wave humidity sensor based on SiO2/TiO2 bilayer films
Authors: Huang Xixi , Lai Min , Zhao Ziming , Yang Yang , Li Jinze , Song Huatang , He Jixiang , Ma Yan , Liu Bo 
Published: February 2021

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bilayer thin-film-based fiber optic
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layer on

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film shows two-segmented linearity
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are 25 s and 50 s, respectively. To our knowledge, the superior
response time and recovery time of the sensor in our study were
achieved over those fiber optic humidity sensors reported with
modulation in intensity. Furthermore, this fiber optic humidity sensor
has a good reproducibility and long-term stability. The sensing
mechanism is attributed to effects of moisture on the refractive index
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film and modulation in the
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Broadband absorption mechanism based on quantum dot glass for filtering field
Authors: Li Panpan , Duan Yongmin , Lu Yang , Xu Shiqing , Zhang Junjie 
Published: February 2021

Traditional filters are faced with the problems of high price and complex preparation process. It is necessary to find a new method or material to make up for these shortcomings. In this Letter,

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nanocrystals with controllable size were prepared in a tellurite glass matrix by a simple and effective heat treatment process. The absorption wavelength of

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quantum dots gradually shifted to red due to the quantum confinement effect. In addition, the intrinsic photoluminescence intensity of

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glass, which could shield a short wavelength of 200–530 nm. The uniformly distributed quantum dots ensure high transmittance (

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