bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperdynamic Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in ICU Patients With Sepsis
Authors: Chotalia Minesh , Ali Muzzammil , Hebballi Ravi , Singh Harjot , Parekh Dhruv , Bangash Mansoor N. , Patel Jaimin M. 
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate the cause and prognosis of hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction in critically ill patients with sepsis.

DESIGN:
Retrospective, single-center cohort study.

SETTING:
University Hospital ICU, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

PATIENTS:
ICU patients who received a transthoracic echocardiogram within 7 days of sepsis between April 2016 and December 2019.

INTERVENTION:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
The 90-day mortality rates of normal (55–70%), depressed (< 55%), and hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction (> 70%) were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association of left ventricular ejection fraction phenotypes with mortality and the association of clinical variables with left ventricular ejection fraction phenotypes. One thousand fourteen patients met inclusion criteria and were 62 years old (interquartile range, 47–72), with mostly respiratory infections (n = 557; 54.9%). Ninety-day mortality was 32.1% (n = 325). Patients with hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction had a higher mortality than depressed and normal left ventricular ejection fraction cohorts (58.9% [n = 103] vs 34.0% [n = 55] vs 24.7% [n = 167]; p < 0.0001, respectively). After multivariate logistic regression, hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction was independently associated with mortality (odds ratio, 3.90 [2.09–7.40]), whereas depressed left ventricular ejection fraction did not (odds ratio, 0.62 [0.28–1.37]). Systemic vascular resistance was inversely associated with hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction (odds ratio, 0.79 [0.58–0.95]), and age, frailty, and ischemic heart disease were associated with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction.

CONCLUSIONS:
Hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction was associated with mortality in septic ICU patients and may reflect unmitigated vasoplegia from sepsis. Depressed left ventricular ejection fraction was not associated with mortality but was associated with cardiovascular disease.
Reconstructive Surgery for High-voltage Injury of Genitoperineal Area and Upper Extremities: The Uromanual Trauma Concept
Authors: Adamyan Ruben T. , Aleshina Olga N. , Abdeeva Elina I. , Sinelnikov Mikhail Y. 
Published: October 2021

Summary:
Reconstruction of tissue defects resulting from high-voltage injuries remains a serious issue in plastic surgery. For many years it has been solved by applying autologous reconstruction with rotated and revascularized flaps. We present a series outlining reconstructive practices in treatment of patients with high-voltage “uromanual” injuries. These types of injuries include a group of upper extremities and genitoperineal high-voltage trauma due to urination on an electrical source, which are rarely discussed in the literature. This study aimed to describe the algorithm of perioperative care and surgical treatment in patients with high-voltage uromanual trauma. Three male patients (mean age 26.3 years, range: 20–35 years) with traumatic injury of the genital area and the upper extremities due to high-voltage injury underwent reconstruction with a one-stage repair of defects. In one patient, the defect of the left upper extremity was eliminated by microsurgical autotransplantation of musculocutaneous thoracodorsal artery perforator flap. The genitoperineal region was repaired using rotated scrotal flaps. In two other cases, phalloplasty with a revascularized myocutaneous thoracodorsal artery perforator flap was followed by urethroplasty with a prefabricated radial forearm free flap. Hand deformities were eliminated using split-thickness skin autografts. All flaps survived. No complications were observed in the autograft harvesting areas. All cases showed good aesthetic and functional postoperative outcomes. Management of uromanual injuries should include one-stage reconstruction of upper extremities and genitoperineal defects for restoration of satisfying functional and aesthetic components crucial for patient’s quality of life and socialization.
Clinical Nurse Specialist as Nurse Researcher
Authors: Mason Tina M. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this article is to present how metrics and dashboards, using the SMART model, are used to articulate the clinical nurse specialist (CNS) nurse researcher role.

Description of the Project
Following the SMART model, a dashboard was created highlighting measurable metrics for each of the 3 spheres of impact to align with the center's nursing strategic plan and initiatives, including Magnet redesignation.

Outcome
Metrics reflecting the 3 spheres of impact and corresponding dashboard with successfully met outcomes are presented for the CNS nurse researcher.

Conclusion
Metrics and dashboards are important tools that CNSs can use to capture their activities, set goals, and articulate their unique roles to both internal and external stakeholders. Dashboards, such as the one presented, are easily adaptable and can be updated on a regular basis.
Photobacterium arenosum sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment sand
Authors: Weerawongwiwat Veeraya , Yoon Seokmin , Kim Jong-Hwa , Yoon Jung-Hoon , Lee Jung Sook , Sukhoom Ampaitip , Kim Wonyong 
Published: October 2021

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile, short rod-shaped, catalase-negative and oxidase-positive bacterium, strain CAU 1568T, was isolated from marine sediment sand sampled at Sido Island in the Republic of Korea. The optimum conditions for growth were at 25–30 °C, at pH 6.5–8.5 and with 0–4.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain CAU 1568T was a member of the genus

Photobacterium

with high similarity to

Photobacterium salinisoli

JCM 30852T (97.7 %),

Photobacterium halotolerans

KACC 17089T (97.3 %) and

Photobacterium galatheae

LMG F28894T (97.3 %). The predominant cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1
ω6c and/or C16 : 1
ω7c) and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18 : 1
ω6c), with Q-8 as the major of isoprenoid quinone. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerols, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipid, two aminophospholipids and three unidentified lipids. The whole genome size of strain CAU 1568T was 4.8 Mb with 50.1 mol% G+C content; including 38 contigs and 4233 protein-coding genes. These taxonomic data support CAU 1568T as representing a novel

Photobacterium

species, for which the name Photobacterium arenosum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of this novel species is CAU 1568T (=KCTC 82404T=MCCC 1K05668T).
Tilted 3D visual scenes – A new therapy approach for pusher syndrome
Authors: Nestmann Sophia , Röhrig Lisa , Müller Björn , Ilg Winfried , Karnath Hans-Otto 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHemiparetic stroke patients with ‘pusher syndrome’ use their non-paretic extremities to push towards their paralyzed side and actively resist external posture correction. The disorder is associated with a distorted perception of postural vertical combined with a maintained, or little deviating perception of visual upright. With the aim of reducing this mismatch, and thus reducing pushing behavior, we manipulated the orientation of visual input in a virtual reality setup. We presented healthy subjects and an acute stroke patient with severe pusher syndrome a 3D visual scene that was either upright or tilted in roll plane by 20°. By moving the sitting participants in roll plane to the left and right, we assessed the occurrence of active pushing behavior, namely the active resistance to external posture manipulation. With the 3D visual scene oriented upright, the patient with pusher syndrome showed the typical active resistance against tilts towards the ipsilesional side. He used his non-paretic arm to block the examiner’s attempt to move the body axis towards that side. With the visual scene tilted to the ipsiversive left, his pathological resistance was significantly reduced. Statistically, the tolerated body tilt angles no longer differed from those of healthy controls. We conclude that even short presentations of tilted 3D visual input can reduce pusher symptoms. The technique provides potential for a new treatment method of pusher syndrome and offers a simple, straightforward approach that can be effortlessly integrated in clinical practice.
CSF and PET biomarkers for noradrenergic dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lancini E. , Haag L. , Bartl F. , Rühling M. , Ashton NJ. , Zetterberg H. , Düzel E. , Hämmerer D. , Betts MJ. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe noradrenergic system shows pathological modifications in aging and neurodegenerative diseases and is thought to be affected in the early stages of both Alzheimer and Parkinson’
ss diseases. We conducted a meta-analysis of noradrenergic differences in Alzheimer’s disease type dementia (ADD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) using CSF and PET biomarkers. CSF noradrenaline (NA) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) as well as NA transporter availability (PET MeNER) levels in controls, ADD and PD patients was summarized from 26 articles (1025 patients and 839 controls in total) using a random-effects model meta-analysis. Compared with controls, PD patients showed significant reductions in CSF NA and MHPG, and PET MeNER binding in the hypothalamus. In ADD, MHPG levels were increased compared with controls. Age correlated with CSF MHPG levels in ADD, but not in PD. Noradrenergic dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases can be detected using CSF or PET measures and may be more pronounced in PD compared to ADD.
Adaptive, Unlabeled and Real-time Approximate-Learning Platform (AURA) for Personalized Epileptic Seizure Forecasting
Authors: Yang Yikai , Truong Nhan Duy , Eshraghian Jason K. , Nikpour Armin , Kavehei Omid 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTA high performance event detection system is all you need for some predictive studies. Here, we present AURA: anAdaptive forecasting model trained withUnlabeled,Real-time data using internally generatedApproximate labels on-the-fly. By harnessing the correlated nature of time-series data, a pair of detection and prediction models are coupled together such that the detection model generates labels automatically, which are then used to train the prediction model. AURA relies on several simple principles and assumptions: (i) the performance of an event prediction/forecasting model in the target application remains below the performance of an event detection model, (ii) detected events are treated as weak labels and deemed reliable enough for online training of a predictive model, and (iii) system performance and/or system responsive feedback characteristics can be tuned for a subject-under-test. For example, in medical patient monitoring, this enables personalizing forecasting models. Seizure prediction is identified as an ideal test case of AURA, as pre-ictal brainwaves are patient-specific and tailoring models to individual patients can significantly improve forecasting performance. AURA is used to generate an individual forecasting model for 10 patients, showing an average relative improvement in sensitivity by 14.30% and reduction in false alarms by 19.61%. This paper presents a proof-of-concept for the feasibility of online transfer-learning on a stream of time-series neurophysiological data that pave the way towards a low-power neuromorphic neuromodulation system.
Development and validation of a questionnaire to measure attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and pandemic
Authors: Galanis Petros , Vraka Irene , Siskou Olga , Konstantakopoulou Olympia , Katsiroumpa Aglaia , Moisoglou Ioannis , Kaitelidou Daphne 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundAccurate measurement of individuals’ attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and pandemic is critical to understand the way that people respond during a major crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic.ObjectiveTo develop and validate a questionnaire to assess attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and pandemic.MethodsWe performed a reliability and validity study in a sample of the general population in Greece. Data were collected online through social media between 15 August and 7 September 2021. Thus, a convenience sample was obtained. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire were assessed with a Delphi study, an exploratory factor analysis, and a test-retest study. Also, we calculated Cronbach’s coefficient alpha for the factors that emerged from the exploratory factor analysis.ResultsThe final study included 1959 adults from the general population in Greece. Our four-factor model explained 73% of the variance and confirmed out initial hypothesis regarding the factors of the questionnaire. In particular, we found the following four factors: (a) fear against the COVID-19 (five items), (b) information regarding the COVID-19 (two items), (c) compliance with hygiene measures (two items), and (d) trust in COVID-19 vaccination (seven items). Cronbach’s coefficients alpha for the four factors that emerged from the exploratory factor analysis were greater than 0.82. Pearson’s correlation coefficients for the 16 items and the four factors were greater than 0.67 (p-value<0.001 in all cases).ConclusionsWe developed a reliable and valid questionnaire to measure attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and pandemic. Further studies should be conducted to expand our knowledge and infer more valid results.
Drug-Target Binding Affinity Prediction Using Transformers
Authors: Saadat Mahsa , Behjati Armin , Zare-Mirakabad Fatemeh , Gharaghani Sajjad 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDrug discovery is generally difficult, expensive, and low success rate. One of the essential steps in the early stages of drug discovery and drug repurposing is identifying drug-target interactions. Binding affinity indicates the strength of drug-target pair interactions. In this regard, several computational methods have been developed to predict the drug-target binding affinity, and the input representation of these models has been shown to be very effective in improving accuracy. Although the recent models predict binding affinity more accurate than the first ones, they need the structure of target proteins. Despite the strong interest in protein structure, there is a massive gap between known sequences and experimentally determined structures. Therefore, finding an appropriate presentation for drug and protein sequences is vital for drug-target binding affinity prediction. In this paper, our primary goal is to assess the drug and protein sequence representation for improving drug-target binding affinity prediction.
Pharyngeal timing and particle transport defects in Caenorhabditis elegans feeding mutants
Authors: Brenner Isaac Ravi , Raizen David M. , Fang-Yen Christopher 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe nematode C. elegans uses rhythmic muscle contractions (pumps) of the pharynx, a tubular feeding organ, to filter, transport, and crush food particles. A number of feeding mutants have been identified, including those with slow pharyngeal pumping rate, weak muscle contraction, defective muscle relaxation, and defective grinding of bacteria. Many aspects of these pharyngeal behavioral defects and how they affect pharyngeal function are not well understood. For example, the behavioral deficits underlying inefficient particle transport in ‘slippery’ mutants have been unclear. Here we use high speed video microscopy to describe pharyngeal pumping behaviors and particle transport in wild-type animals and in feeding mutants. Different ‘slippery’ mutants exhibit distinct defects including weak isthmus contraction, failure to trap particles in the anterior isthmus, and abnormal timing of contraction and relaxation in pharyngeal compartments. Our results show that multiple deficits in pharyngeal timing or contraction can cause defects in particle transport.
Transfer learning for non-image data in clinical research: a scoping review
Authors: Ebbehoj Andreas , Thunbo Mette , Andersen Ole Emil , Glindtvad Michala Vilstrup , Hulman Adam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundTransfer learning is a form of machine learning where a pre-trained model trained on a specific task is reused as a starting point and tailored to another task in a different dataset. While transfer learning has garnered considerable attention in medical image analysis, its use for clinical non-image data is not well studied. Therefore, the objective of this scoping review was to explore the use of transfer learning for non-image data in the clinical literature.Methods and FindingsWe systematically searched medical databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL) for peer-reviewed clinical studies that used transfer learning on human non-image data. We included 83 studies in the review. More than half of the studies (63%) were published within 12 months of the search. Transfer learning was most often applied to time series data (61%), followed by tabular data (18%), audio (12%) and text (8%). Thirty-three (40%) studies applied an image-based model to non-image data after transforming data into images (e.g. spectrograms). Twenty-nine (35%) studies did not have any authors with a health-related affiliation. Many studies used publicly available datasets (66%) and models (49%), but fewer shared their code (27%).ConclusionsIn this scoping review, we have described current trends in the use of transfer learning for non-image data in the clinical literature. We found that the use of transfer learning has grown rapidly within the last few years. We have identified studies and demonstrated the potential of transfer learning in clinical research in a wide range of medical specialties. More interdisciplinary collaborations and the wider adaption of reproducible research principles are needed to increase the impact of transfer learning in clinical research.
Risk factors for infection, predictors of severe disease and antibody response to COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic diseases in Portugal – a multicentre, nationwide study
Authors: Cruz-Machado Ana Rita , Barreira Sofia C , Bandeira Matilde , Veldhoen Marc , Gomes Andreia , Serrano Marta , Duarte Catarina , Rato Maria , Fernandes Bruno Miguel , Garcia Salomé , Pinheiro Filipe , Bernardes Miguel , Madeira Nathalie , Miguel Cláudia , Torres Rita , Bento Silva Ana , Pestana Jorge , Almeida Diogo , Mazeda Carolina , Cunha Santos Filipe , Pinto Patrícia , Sousa Marlene , Parente Hugo , Sequeira Graça , Santos Maria José , Fonseca João Eurico , Romão Vasco C 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn order to identify risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as for severe/critical COVID-19 in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) patients, we conducted a multicentre observational nationwide study of adult patients prospectively-followed in the Rheumatic Diseases Portuguese Register – Reuma.pt – during the first 6 months of the pandemic. We further evaluated the development of IgG antibodies against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 in patients with RMDs. We used multivariate logistic regression to compare patients with COVID-19 (COVID-19+) with those who did not develop the disease (COVID-19-) and patients with mild/moderate disease with those exhibiting severe/critical COVID-19. COVID-19+ patients were asked to collect a blood sample for IgG testing ≥ 3 months after infection and results were compared with age-, sex- and sampling date-matched controls. Overall, 179 cases of COVID-19 were registered in Reuma.pt in the period of interest (median age 55 (IQR 20); 76.5% females) in a total of 6404 registered appointments. We found that patients treated with TNF inhibitors had reduced odds of infection (OR=0.16, 95%CI 0.10-0.26, p<0.001), severe disease (OR 0.11, 95%CI 0.01-0.84, p=0.010) and seroconversion rates (OR 0.13, 95%CI 0.02-0.91, p=0.040). Tocilizumab was also associated with a reduced risk of COVID-19 (OR 0.15, 95%CI 0.05-0.41, p<0.001). Older age, major comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular disease, chronic pulmonary and kidney disease) and rituximab were associated with an increased risk of infection and worse prognosis, in line with previous reports. Importantly, most patients with inflammatory RMDs (86.2%) were able to develop a robust antibody response after SARS-CoV-2 infection, which was linked with disease severity.
The Brazilian Rare Genomes Project: validation of whole genome sequencing for rare diseases diagnosis
Authors: Campos Coelho Antonio Victor , Cordeiro de Azevedo Bruna Mascaro , Lucon Danielle Ribeiro , Nóbrega Maria Soares , de Souza Reis Rodrigo , de Alexandre Rodrigo Bertollo , Silva Moura Livia Maria , de Oliveira Gustavo Santos , Muniz Guedes Rafael Lucas , Caraciolo Marcel Pinheiro , Zurro Nuria Bengala , Cervato Murilo Castro , de Oliveira Filho João Bosco 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRare diseases affect 3.2 to 13.2 million individuals in Brazil. The Brazilian Rare Genomes Project is envisioned to further the implementation of genomic medicine into the Brazilian public healthcare system. Here we report the results of the validation of a whole genome sequencing (WGS) procedure for implementation in a clinical laboratory. In addition, we report data quality for the first 1,200 real world patients sequenced. For the validation, we sequenced a well characterized group of 76 samples, including seven gold standard genomes, using a PCR-free WGS protocol on Illumina Novaseq 6000 equipment. We compared the observed variant calls with their expected calls, observing good concordance for single nucleotide variants (SNVs; mean F-measure = 99.82%) and indels (mean F-measure = 99.57%). Copy number variants and structural variants events detection performances were as expected (F-measures 96.6% and 90.3%, respectively). Our protocol presented excellent intra- and inter-assay reproducibility, with coefficients of variation ranging between 0.03% and 0.20% and 0.02% and 0.09%, respectively. Limitations of the procedure include the inability to confidently detect variants such as uniparental disomy, balanced translocations, repeat expansion variants and low-level mosaicism. In summary, the observed performance of the test was in accordance with that seen in the best centers worldwide. The Rare Genomes Project is an important initiative to improve Brazil’s general population access to the innovative WGS technology which has the potential to reduce the time until diagnosis of rare diseases, bringing pivotal improvements for the quality of life of the affected individuals.