bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Future Climate Projections in Algeria Using Statistical DownScaling Model
Authors: ABED Salah SAHABI 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, we perform a statistical downscaling to investigate projected future changes in minimum temperature (T-min), maximum temperature (T-max), and precipitation (PRCP) for the three periods the 2020s (2011–2040), the 2050s (2041–2070), and the 2080s (2071–2100), with respect to the reference period 1981–2010 over Algeria by applying the Statistical DownScaling Model (SDSM). The NCEP reanalysis data and CanESM2 predictors of three future scenarios, RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 are used for model calibration and future projection, respectively. In order to get realistic results, bias correction was also applied to the climate variables. The evaluation of the SDSM performance indicated that model accuracy for simulating temperatures and precipitation was statistically acceptable. The predicted outcomes exhibit strong warming for both extreme temperatures under the worst-case scenario (RCP 8.5), it is more pronounced for the maximum temperature and over the Sahara region. The results indicate that the highest changes are expected to increase by 3.6 to 5.0°C for the minimum temperature and 5.0 to 8.0°C for the maximum temperature for the strong radiative forcing pathway (RCP8.5) by the end of the century as compared to the reference period. Under the optimistic scenario (RCP2.6), the strength of the warming is projected to increase up to 2.0°C for both extreme temperatures. For the precipitation, the projections indicate for all scenarios a significant decrease in rainfall by approximately 20% over the northwest region and central Sahara, while non-significant change is expected for the center and eastern coastal regions. Conversely, the projections of rainfall under different emission scenarios exhibit an increase (~10–40%) at the central and eastern high plateaus in the north and the extreme west and south of the Sahara. The study reveals several discrepancies among considered stations in the projections of seasonal rainfall under different emission scenarios where most of them exhibit a significant increase of precipitation in summer. Our findings corroborate previous studies by demonstrating that Algeria’s climate will warm further in the future. The results might be beneficial for policymakers for planning strategies and may help to mitigate the risks linked to climate change.
The Impacts of Climate Variability on the Wind Erosion Potentials in the Western Region of Makran Coastal Plain, Iran
Authors: Akbarian Mohammad , Khoorani Asadollah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Coastal plains are prone to various degrees of wind erosion due to their characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the effect of climatic factors in the western region of Makran coastal plain in a southeastern region of Iran on the wind erosion potential. The study period was 1993-2018. First, the data related to wind velocities, relative humidity and precipitation, and the granulometric data of plain surface sediments were obtained. Then, the wind erosion threshold velocity in humid air conditions was determined. Finally, the Mann-Kendall test was applied to analyze the probability of wind erosion and its temporal variability. The results indicated that the wind erosion threshold, in terms of humidity changes, varied from 7.21 to 12.31 meters per second during the study period. The highest probability of wind erosion was in February, March, and April, with 24.69%, 21.51%, and 20.41%, respectively. The lowest probability of wind erosion was in October, November, and September with 4.00%, 4.12%, and 6.00%, respectively. Finally, the erosion trend analysis indicated that wind erosion was a temporal phenomenon that increased significantly in January (winter solstice) and July (summer solstice). These months were characterized by an increase in the wind blowing at speed above the threshold. Otherwise, the months were not different from other months of the year in terms of precipitation or the number of dry days. Therefore, wind erosion is expected to maximize in the early winter and the early summer.
Clinical Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniaee Infections In A Tertiary Hospital In China
Authors: Cui Zhiwen , Wang Lirui , Chang Wei , Li Minghui , Li Yuexia , Feng Min 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background：The infections due to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-KP) have become an important problem. The aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics of CR-KP.Methods: A retrospective cohort study has been made on all patients presenting with CR-KP infections. 615 patients with CR-KP humor infections diagnosed were identified. 135 patients who did not meet the requirements were excluded. Clinical characteristics, antimicrobial regimens, and outcomes of patients have been analyzed.Results: The CR-KP infections overall mortality was 37.3%, and bloodstream infections mortality was 66.2%. Survival analysis revealed that there were statistically significant differences between bloodstream infection and pulmonary and drainage fluid infection. Logistics regression analysis showed that hemopathy, age (>60 years), solid tumors, diabetes, septic shock, acute kidney injury and stroke were independent predictors associated with the 30-day mortality. Multivariate linear regression was performed in APACHE II score, SOFA score, lymphocyte absolute value (LYM) and survival time. Survival time was negatively correlated with APACHE II score and SOFA score, while positively correlated with LYM. Finally, we investigated different antimicrobial regimens for CR-KP infections. Chi-square test showed that antimicrobial regimen combined carbapenems, tigecycline with polymyxin B was superior the one combined carbapenems with polymyxin B. Ceftazidime avibactam-based antimicrobial regimens also had no advantage over other therapeutic regimens.Conclusions: Our study confirmed there is a high mortality rate in CR-KP infections, especially in the bloodstream infections. The outcome is greatly influenced by the patients’ clinical conditions. Antimicrobial regimen combined carbapenems, tigecycline with polymyxin B might be a better choice.
Low Birthweight and its Associated Factors During the Era of COVID 19 at Assosa General Hospital, Western Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Jimma Melkamu Senbeta , GebreEyesus Fisha Alebel , Chanie Ermias , Belay Demek Mesfin , Bekele Habtamu , Bayih Wubet Alebachew , Mekonen Demewoz Kefale 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW) is birth weight less than 2.5 kg regardless of gestational age. The prevalence of low birth weight in developing countries is 16.5%. And it will help policy makers, health system planners, health care managers, and clinicians to perform evidence-based work and also help to contribute its own role to the achievement of World Health Organization goals by 2025. This study aims to assess low birth weight and its associated factors during the era of COVID 19 at Assosa General Hospital.Method: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 01, 2020 to February 01, 2021 at Assosa General Hospital. A total of 335 samples were selected. Allocation was performed using the systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire through interview and chart reviewing. It’s checked for completeness and consistency. Then entered into Epi-Info and analyzed by using SPSS software version 22. First, descriptive analysis was carried out then, bivariate analysis was used to identify variables with p value of less than 0.25. Variables with p value < 0.25 were entered into multivariate logistic regression analysis was used and confounding effect was controlled. Finally, those variables with p-value < 0.05 were identified as significant determinants of LBW.Result: The response rate of this research was 100%. Based on this study, the prevalence of LBW was 11%. Variables like no antenatal care [(AOR = 9; 95% CI 1.2 –66)], fear of COVID19 is reason for Missed ANC follow up [(AOR = 9; 95% CI 1.2 –66)] and type of pregnancy [(AOR = 6.35; 95% CI 1.7 – 23)] were identified as significant factors for this study.Conclusion and Recommendations: The prevalence of LBW in the era of COVID 19 was 11%. The associated factors of low birth weight are no antenatal care visit (ANC) during pregnancy and pregnancy type. So, concerned bodies were recommended to do more and more on ANC follow-up.
Large-Scale Intrinsic Functional Brain Organization Emerges from Three Canonical Spatiotemporal Patterns
Authors: Bolt Taylor , Nomi Jason , Bzdok Danilo , Chang Catie , Yeo B.T. , Uddin Lucina , Keilholz Shella 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The past decade of functional neuroimaging research has seen the application of increasingly sophisticated advanced methods to characterize intrinsic functional brain organization. Accompanying these techniques are a patchwork of empirical findings highlighting novel properties of intrinsic functional brain organization. To date, there has been little attempt to understand whether there is an underlying unity across this patchwork of empirical findings. Our study conducted a systematic survey of popular analytic techniques and their output on a large sample of resting-state fMRI data. We found that the apparent complexity of intrinsic functional brain organization can be seamlessly reduced to three fundamental low-frequency spatiotemporal patterns. Our study demonstrates that a long list of previously observed phenomena, including functional connectivity gradients, the task-positive/task-negative pattern, the global signal, time-lag propagation patterns, the quasiperiodic pattern and the network structure of the functional connectome are simply manifestations of these three spatiotemporal patterns. An in-depth characterization of these three spatiotemporal patterns using a novel time-varying complex pattern analysis revealed that these three patterns may arise from a single hemodynamic mechanism.
A Simple and Novel Noninvasive Method of Estimating Markedly Elevated Pulmonary Vascular Resistance in Patients with Pre-capillary Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Zhai Ya-Nan , Li Ai-Li , Tao Xin-Cao , Xie Wan-Mu , Gao Qian , Zhang Yu , Chen Ai-Hong , Lei Jie-Ping , Liu Min , Zhai Zhen-Guo , Zheng Jin-Gang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Several echocardiographic methods to estimate pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) have been proposed. So far, most studies have focused on relatively low PVR. We aimed to clarify the clinical usefulness of our new echocardiographic index of evaluating markedly elevated PVR in pre-capillary PH patients. Methods: We studied 129 consecutive patients with pre-capillary PH. We estimated the mean pulmonary artery pressure using echocardiography (mPAPEcho) and measured LV internal diameter at end diastole (LVIDd). The ratio of mPAPEcho / LVIDd was then correlated with invasive PVR. Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a cutoff value for the index was generated to identify patients with PVR > 15 Wood units (WU). Results: mPAPEcho / LVIDd correlated well with PVR (r = 0.70, P < 0.0001). There was a better correlation between PVR and mPAPEcho / LVIDd in patients with PVR > 15 WU compared with TRV2 /TVIRVOT and sPAPEcho / LVIDd. A cut-off value of 1.14 had an 80.0% sensitivity and 74.7% specificity to determine PVR > 15 WU (AUC=0.840, p<0.0001). Conclusions: The index of mPAPEcho / LVIDd could be a valuable noninvasive and simple method of estimating markedly elevated PVR in pre-capillary PH patients.
A Compact Low-Profile High Isolation MIMO Antenna For X-Band Applications
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Kumar Arvind , Kanaujia Binod Kumar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A novel compact low profile MIMO antenna is designed and implemented with high isolation for the X band applications. Proposed MIMO geometry is incorporated with two monopoles which are excited by 50 Ω feed line. To enhance the isolation between inter-elements meander line structures are is identically placed. These meander line structures are reducing the mutual coupling up to 26 dB. In the proposed MIMO antenna two elements cover the entire frequency range between 7.4-11.8 GHz for the X band applications. Meander line structure is working as a decoupling network which improves the isolation considerably. The overall size of the MIMO antenna is 25 × 30 × 1 mm3, and it offers inter-element isolation of >26 dB, envelope correlation coefficient is less than 0.2, and directivity gain >9.99 over the resonating frequency range. The proposed MIMO antenna model is fabricated, and measurement results are verified with simulated results. The antenna shows the satisfactory gain of around 4.8 dB in entire frequency range. The antenna shows the satisfactory gain of around 4.5 dB in entire frequency range.
Sucrose Hydrolysis in a Continuous Packed-Bed Reactor with Auto-Immobilised Aspergillus Niger Biocatalyst Obtained by Solid-State Fermentation
Authors: Martínez-Ruiz Antonio , Tovar-Castro Luz , Aguilar Cristóbal N. , Saucedo-Castañeda Gerardo , Favela-Torres Ernesto 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Invertase from Aspergillus niger C28B25 was produced by solid-state fermentation (SSF), and fermented solids were used directly as a biocatalyst for batch and continuous hydrolysis of sucrose in a packed-bed reactor under different operational conditions with varied temperature, sucrose concentration and feed flow rate. The SSF allowed obtaining a biocatalyst with an invertase activity of 82.2 U/g db. The biocatalyst maintained its activity in the range of 40 to 70ºC for at least 70 h of continuous operation. The highest hydrolysis rate (12.3 mg/U h) was obtained at 70ºC with 2M sucrose under batch conditions. Continuous hydrolysis in 20-mL and 200-mL bioreactors at 60ºC led to sucrose hydrolysis above 60% (8.5 residence times) and above 55% (4.5 residence times), respectively. The auto-immobilised biocatalyst produced by SSF without recovery, purification and immobilisation stages offers an economical alternative for the development of accessible biocatalysts that can be applied in batch or continuous sucrose hydrolysis processes. This study shows the potential of biocatalyst production by SSF for other enzymatic systems.
Software Design of Veriloghdl Code Generation for Ladder Diagram and Data Acquisition Using LABVIEW
Authors: Dhanabalan G , S Tamil Selvi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The powerful advantages of programmable logic controller (PLC) dominate the process industries. Scan time of the PLC increases with the number of inputs, rungs added in ladder diagram (LD). Researchers have identified and proved that field programmable gate array (FPGA) is more suitable than PLC for high speed applications. PLC executes the instructions represented through LD. FPGA does not support LD. PLC programmers are not familiar with FPGA programming. This work has developed application software to generate equivalent VerilogHDL code for LD using LabVIEW. Novelty in this work is that each rung is defined using an "assign" statement to ensure concurrent execution of all the rungs. A data acquisition system was created to monitor the digital signals handled by the FPGA. The software was verified with a case study of substances mixing and traffic light control system.
ISSR Marker Based Genetic Diversity in Morinda Spp. For Its Enhanced Collection, Conservation and Utilization
Authors: Arya Lalit , Narayanan Ramya Kossery , Kak Anjali , Pandey Chitra Devi , Verma Manjusha , Gupta Veena 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Morinda (Rubiaceae) is considerably recognized for its multiple uses viz. food, medicine, dyes, firewood, tools, oil, bio-sorbent etc. The molecular characterization of such an important plant would be very useful for its multifarious enhanced utilization. In the present study, 31 Morinda genotypes belonging to two different species Morinda citrifolia and Morinda tomentosa collected from different regions of India were investigated using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Fifteen ISSR primers generated 176 bands with an average of 11.7 bands per primer, of which (90.34%) were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic bands, mean Nei’s gene diversity, mean Shannon’s information index in Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia was [(69.89%, 30.68%); (0.21 ± 0.19, 0.12 ± 0.20); (0.32 ± 0.27 0.17 ± 0.28)] respectively, revealing higher polymorphism and genetic diversity in Morinda tomentosa compared to Morinda citrifolia. Structure, and UPGMA cluster analysis placed the genotypes into well-defined separate clusters belonging to two species Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia revealing the utility of ISSR markers in species differentiation. Distinct ecotypes within a particular species could also be inferred emphasizing the collection and conservation of Morinda genotypes from different regions, in order to capture the overall diversity of respective species. Further higher diversity of M. tomentosa must be advanced for its utilization in nutraceutical, nutritional and other nonfood purposes.
Determination of the Material Properties of the Reinforcement for Textile-Reinforced Concrete Elements
Authors: Rempel Sergej , Ricker Marcus , Feiri Tânia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Textile-reinforced concrete has emerged in recent years as a new and valuable construction material. The design of textile-reinforced concrete requires knowledge on the mechanical properties of different textile types as well as their reinforcing behaviour under different loading conditions. Conventional load-bearing tests tend to be complex, time-consuming, costly and can even lack consistent specifications. To mitigate such drawbacks, a standardised tensile test for fibre strands was developed aiming at characterising the material properties needed for the design of a textile-reinforced concrete component. For the sake of this study, an epoxy resin-soaked AR-glass reinforcement was considered. The standardised tensile test uses a fibre strand with 160 mm length, which shall be cut out of a textile grid. The results show that the textile reinforcement has a linear-elastic behaviour, and the ultimate tensile strength can be statistically modelled by a Gumbel distribution. Furthermore, the results indicate that the modulus of elasticity is not influenced by the length or the number of fibre strands. Therefore, the mean value from the standardised test can be used for the design purpose. These findings are essential to derive an appropriate partial safety factor for the calculation of the design values of the tensile strength and can be used to determine the failure probability of textile-reinforced concrete components.
MONISEDA project. Improving analgosedation monitoring in Spanish pediatric intensive care units.
Authors: Mencia Santiago , Cieza Raquel , Castillo Jimena Del , López-Herce Jesús , SEDUCIP Sedation Group of Spanish Pediatric Critical Care 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Analgosedation (AS) assessment using clinical scales is crucial to follow the international recommendations about analgosedation. The Analgosedation workgroup of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Intensive Care (SECIP) carried out two surveys in 2008 and 2015, which verified the gap in analgosedation assessment in Spanish PICUs. The objective of the study was to analyze how analgosedation assessment by clinical scales changed after a multicenter intervention program.
Methods

multicenter pre-post study comparing the use of sedation, analgesia, withdrawal and delirium scales before and after the MONISEDA project. Results were also compared with a control group formed by non-participating units. A survey about analgosedation management and monitoring was filled out before (year 2015) and after (year 2020) the implementation of the Moniseda project in 2016. Results were compared between those periods of time, but also between participant and non-participants PICUs in the Moniseda project (M-group and non-M group, respectively). Data related to analgosedation of all patients admitted to a Moniseda-participant PICU were also collected for 2 months.
Results

15 Spanish PICUs were enrolled in the Moniseda project and other 15 non-participant PICUs formed the control group. In the M-group, the number of PICUs with a written analgosedation protocol increased from 53 to 100% (p = 0.003) and withdrawal protocol from 53 to 100% (p = 0.003), whereas in non-M group the written AS protocol increased from 80 to 87% and withdrawal protocol stayed on 80%.
Human Health Risk Assessment Through the Detection of Organochlorine Pesticides in Vegetables and Fruits from Dhaka, Bangladesh by Gas Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)
Authors: Hasan G. M. M. Anwarul , Das Anuj Kumer , Satter Mohammed A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the levels of Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in vegetables and fruits from local markets of Dhaka, Bangladesh using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and analyzed the possible health risks of peoples through consumption of those fruits and vegetables. A total of 100 vegetables and 100 fruits samples were analyzed and 45% of vegetable samples and 40% of fruit samples were found to be contaminated with OCPs residues. Aldrin, p,p-DDE, Cis-Chordane, p,p-DDT, Endrin, α-Endosulfan and Lindane-I were detected in vegetable samples while Aldrin, p,p-DDE, p,p-DDT, α-Endosulfan and Lindane-I were detected in fruit samples. The HI values of Aldrin, p,p-DDE, Cis-Chordane, p,p-DDT, Endrin, α-Endosulfan and Lindane-I in vegetables were 0.109, 0.006, 0.396, 0.008, 0.153, 0.882 and 0.019 respectively while HI values of Aldrin, p,p-DDE, p,p-DDT, α-Endosulfan and Lindane-I in fruit samples were 0.0155, 0.0005, 0.0002, 0.0339, 0.0019 respectively. The average concentration of detected OCPs residues were below the FAO’s recommended maximum residue limits (MRL). It is therefore concluded that, even though OCPs residues are within the maximum tolerance range but continuous accumulation in consumer body through consumption of such vegetables and fruits may lead to chronic effects that could be fatal.
An Adaptive Lossly Quantization Technique for Key Extraction Applied in Vehicular Communication
Authors: Ali Ibraheem Abdelazeem Ibraheem , Weibin Zhang , Zeng Zhenping , saleh Abdeldime mohamed 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Security in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is one of the major challenging topics and the secure key

interchange between two legitimate vehicles is an important issue. The multi-environment of VANET has

been exploited to extract the secret key and employed security services in VANET. However, it offered more

excellence randomness owed to fading, noise multi-path, and velocity difference. Some of the factors like

Bit-rate, complication and memory requests are reduced by using a process known as quantization. This

paper proposes a new quantization method to extract the secret key for vehicular communications that uses

a lossy quantizer in combination with information reconciliation and privacy amplification. Our work focuses

on the quantization phase for the secret generation procedure. The comprehensive simulations display the

propose method increases the zone and number of the quantization levels to utilize the maximum number

of measurements to reduce reasonably the wasted measurements.