bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Values and validity of fetal parameters by ultrasound and Doppler as markers of fetal lung maturity
Authors: Kandil Radwa A. , El shahawy Al shymaa Z. , El Shafiey Mohamed H. , Alarabawy Reda A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
In this study, we combined ultrasound and Doppler parameters to conclude the most accurate and applicable method for fetal lung maturity assessment. Thepurpose is to reduce risk of neonatal respiratory distress by assessment of fetal lung maturity through ultrasound and Doppler instead of amniocentesis.

Results
A total of 120 women were included. The ultrasound examination was performed at a gestational age ranging between 30 and 37 weeks and delivery occurred within 72 h from ultrasound. After birth, 19 fetuses were diagnosed with RDS.
The ultrasound parameters assessed for fetal lung maturity showed varying sensitivity and specificity but presence of proximal tibial epiphyses showed the highest sensitivity (91%) and specificity (95%) followed by the presence of distal femoral epiphyses with 90% sensitivity and 84% specificity. The placental grade III maturity showed a sensitivity of 81% and 74% specificity followed by the presence of the amniotic fluid free-floating particles with an 83% sensitivity and 63% specificity, while echogenic fetal thalamus showed 77% and 79% for sensitivity and specificity, respectively, for prediction of fetal lung maturity. By using the fetal biometry, we could report that a BPD between 82.8 and 93.5 mm, AC between 295 and 322 mm, and FL (62.7-72.1 mm) correlated with mature fetal lungs. Regarding Doppler indices, increased resistive index of umbilical artery > 0.69 and of pulmonary artery > 0.78 correlated with neonatal RDS while fetuses with UtA RI values between 0.43 and 0.66 noticed in RDS vs (0.42-0.57) in the non-RDS. MCA RI values are also higher in RDS 0.77–0.88 vs 0.74–0.79 in non-RDS.
On the other hand, analysis of colon grading and fetal lung echogenicity in relation to liver showed no significant value in the assessment of fetal lung maturity.

Conclusion
Ultrasound and Doppler showed good predictive value and accuracy and is considered a valuable non-invasive procedure in assessment of fetal lung maturity. However, no single parameter alone could show a definitive sign
Analysis of the MUII-plus mentorship programme: reflections of Fellows’ experiences and lessons for other programmes
Authors: Andia Biraro Irene , Driciru Emmanuella , Namaganda Rehema , Luboga Fiona , Kato Drago Charles , Wajja Anne , Okech Brenda , Mboowa Mary Gorrethy N. , Muganyizi Raymond , Kizza Moses , Cose Stephen , Bukirwa Victoria Diana , Nakanjako Damalie , Elliott Alison M. 
Published: March 2021

Background: The MUII mentorship programme began 11 years ago with a successful group mentorship model. Over the years, the programme has evolved and is presently anchored on the “GROW” approach. This model allows individuals to: set Goals (What I want?); Reflect (Where am I now?); think of Options (What can I do?); What to implement (my actions?). It is intended to help fellows (current, honorary, alumni) herein referred to as mentees achieve their short, medium, and long-term research, career and professional goals. Methods: A mixed methods study combining a cross-sectional survey, one focus group discussion and 11 in-depth key informant interviews were carried out between November 2018 and January 2019 to 1) assess the status of the mentorship programme, 2) perform a strength weakness opportunity and threats (SWOT) analysis, and 3) identify factors relevant for sustainability. Results: An open invitation was made to 52 fellows to participate in the survey, and 23 responded. Among respondents, the largest proportions were male [70% (16/23)], and PhD fellows [35% (8/23)]. The respondents rated the fellowship experience as excellent [65% (15/23)], and most [78% (18/23)] revealed they had benefitted greatly from the programme. The SWOT analysis revealed outstanding strengths of having regular fellows’ meetings for peer support, and availability of international collaborations, linkages and exposure. Opportunities identified included large pool of mentees within MUII-plus and evidence of fellows taking up leadership positions. The biggest threat to the mentorship programme was the busy schedule of mentors. Conclusions: The MUII-plus mentorship programme has strong potential to offer research and career mentorship to its fellows. To promote sustainability of the programme, there is a need for innovative ways to engage mentors; such as digital platforms (e-mentorship) for greater mentor-mentee interactions.
PET measured hypoxia and MRI parameters in re-irradiated head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: findings of a prospective pilot study
Authors: Rogasch Julian , Beck Marcus , Stromberger Carmen , Hofheinz Frank , Ghadjar Pirus , Wust Peter , Budach Volker , Amthauer Holger , Tinhofer Ingeborg , Furth Christian , Walter-Rittel Thula C. , Zschaeck Sebastian 
Published: March 2021

Background: Tumor hypoxia measured by dedicated tracers like [18F]fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) is a well-established prognostic factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) treated with definitive chemoradiation (CRT). However, prevalence and characteristics of positron emission tomography (PET) measured hypoxia in patients with relapse after previous irradiation is missing. Here we report imaging findings of a prospective pilot study in HNSCC patients treated with re-irradiation. Methods: In 8 patients with recurrent HNSCC, diagnosed at a median of 18 months after initial radiotherapy/CRT, [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET/CT (n=8) and FMISO-PET/MRI (n=7) or FMISO-PET/CT (n=1) were performed. Static FMISO-PET was performed after 180 min. MRI sequences in PET/MRI included diffusion-weighted imaging with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and contrast enhanced T1w imaging (StarVIBE). Lesions (primary tumor recurrence, 4; cervical lymph node, 1; both, 3) were delineated on FDG-PET and FMISO-PET data using a background-adapted threshold-based method. SUVmax and SUVmean in FDG- and FMISO-PET were derived, as well as maximum tumor-to-muscle ratio (TMRmax) and hypoxic volume with 1.6-fold muscle SUVmean (HV1.6) in FMISO-PET. Intensity of lesional contrast enhancement was rated relative to contralateral normal tissue. Average ADC values were derived from a 2D region of interest in the tumor. Results: In FMISO-PET, median TMRmax was 1.7 (range: 1.1-1.8). Median HV1.6 was 0.05 ml (range: 0-7.3 ml). Only in 2/8 patients, HV1.6 was ≥1.0 ml. In FDG-PET, median SUVmax was 9.3 (range: 5.0-20.1). On contrast enhanced imaging four lesions showed decreased and four lesions increased contrast enhancement compared to non-pathologic reference tissue. Median average ADC was 1,060 ×106 mm2/s (range: 840-1,400 ×106 mm2/s). Conclusions: This pilot study implies that hypoxia detectable by FMISO-PET may not be as prevalent as expected among loco-regional recurrent, HPV negative HNSCC. ADC values were only mildly reduced, and contrast enhancement was variable. The results require confirmation in larger sample sizes.
Influence of hybrid assistive limb gait training on spatial muscle activation patterns in spinal muscular atrophy type III
Authors: Nishikawa Yuichi , Watanabe Kohei , Orita Naoya , Maeda Noriaki , Kimura Hiroaki , Tanaka Shinobu , Hyngstrom Allison 
Published: March 2021

Background: Despite the potential benefits, the effects of Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) gait training on changes in neuromuscular activation that accompany functional gains in individuals with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type III is not well known. In this article, we quantify the effects of HAL gait training on spatial muscle activity patterns in a patient with SMA type III using multi-channel surface electromyography (SEMG). Methods: A 21-years old male (168 cm, 47.8 kg) with spinal muscular atrophy type III, when diagnosed at 18-years old by genetic screening, participated in this case study. Although he presented with forearm distal muscle weakness, atrophy of the intrinsic muscles of the hand, and neuromuscular fatigue, his activities of daily living is independent. The patient underwent a separate, single 33-minute session of both HAL and treadmill gait training. To evaluate the coefficient of variation (CoV) of force and alterations in the SEMG spatial distribution patterns, modified entropy and CoV of root mean square (RMS) were calculated from the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle before and after the intervention of HAL and treadmill gait training. Each training session was separated by a period of one month to avoid cross-over effects. Results: There was a greater decrease in the ΔCoV of force and an increase in the magnitude of whole VL muscle activation from pre-intervention to post-intervention with the HAL gait training as compared to the treadmill gait training. In response to only HAL gait training, the CoV of RMS was higher, and the modified entropy was lower post-intervention than pre-intervention. Conclusions: Our results support the notion that HAL gait training has a positive benefit on motor output not only in the magnitude of SEMG generated but also the patterns of neural activation.
The art and science of achieving zero COVID-19 transmissions in staff at a large community care facility in Singapore using implementation science: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Chow Weien , Lum Elaine , Tyebally Arif , Chan Sze Ling , Lee Lai Chee , Ling Moi Lin , Tan Hiang Khoon , Tan Nigel CK 
Published: March 2021

Background:The Singapore COVID-19 multi-ministry taskforce commissioned community care facilities (CCFs) as a hospital-sparing strategy amidst rising coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases. An exhibition centre was repurposed within ten days as an ad-hoc 3200-bed medical facility (CCF@EXPO) to isolate and treat infected patients amidst concerns of potential COVID-19 transmissions to healthcare staff. This paper deconstructs the implementation of the CCF@EXPO infection prevention and control (IPC) innovation and elicits critical factors which enabled zero transmission of COVID-19 to staff during 100 days of operation using an implementation science framework.Methods:This study employed retrospective analysis using the integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework. The CCF@EXPO IPC innovation comprised five key elements: (a) physical environment, (b) work practices, (c) tools and technology, (d) staff training, and (e) audits. Contextual assessment was conducted for baseline and 100thday of CCF@EXPO operations. Actions taken to improve scores between these timepoints were mapped against the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) tool to surface key implementation strategies.Results:Positive shifts were observed in all constructs of the i-PARIHS framework, between baseline and 100thday. The largest shifts were in work practices, tools and technology, and staff training. Key implementation strategies used included: rapid Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles, identifying champions, team building, creating a culture of collaborative learning, multi-disciplinary teamwork, transparency in communications and decision-making, and skillful facilitation.Conclusions:Rapid PDSA cycles anchored by principles to ensure staff safety, was the key approach used in implementation of the CCF@EXPO IPC innovation. Retrospective analysis using the i-PARIHS framework is useful to elicit success factors and to inform preparedness planning of future pandemics.
A bibliometric study on the research outcome of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa
Authors: I Narayan Aparna , Chogtu Bharti , Janodia Manthan , Venkata Santhosh Krishnan 
Published: March 2021

Background: Publication is one of the quantitative measures of countries' contribution to research and innovation. This paper attempts to understand the publication related information of the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa). Methods: Detailed analysis of publications on the basis of collaboration, research area, number of publications, percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) spent on research, and citation is presented in the paper. An attempt is also made to understand the relations between each of the parameters and the overall performance of the country. Results: Times Higher Education global ranking is considered as a measure to validate the claims of this paper. This study shows that among the BRICS nations, China with the highest percentage of GDP spent on research has also the highest number of researchers and publication output whereas South Africa excels in terms of number of international collaborative publications and publications in high impact journals. This article has highlighted the distribution of publications as per the subject area with India leading in the area of Computer Science. Discussion: Results showed a strong relationship between each of the parameters discussed on the research performance of a country.
Isotopic gas analysis by means of mid-infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy targeting human exhaled air
Authors: Lassen Mikael , Christensen Jesper B. , Balslev-Harder David , Petersen Jan C. 
Published: March 2021

There is a great need for cost-efficient non-invasive medical diagnostic tools for analyzing humanly exhaled air. Compared to present day methods, photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) can provide a compact and portable (bedside), sensitive and inexpensive solution. We demonstrate a novel portable photoacoustic spectroscopic platform for isotopic measurements of methane (

C
H

4

). We identify and discriminate the

12

C
H

4

- and

13

C
H

4

isotopologues and determine their mixing ratio. An Allan deviation analysis shows that the noise equivalent concentration for

C
H

4

is 200 ppt (pmol/mol) at 100 s of integration time, corresponding to a normalized noise equivalent absorption coefficient of

5.1
×

10

−
9

W

c
m

−
1

H
z

−
1

/

2

, potentially making the PAS sensor a truly disruptive instrument for bedside monitoring using isotope tracers by providing real-time metabolism data to clinical personnel.
High-power femtosecond all-fiber laser system at 1.5  µm with a fundamental repetition rate of 4.9  GHz
Authors: Chen Xuewen , Lin Wei , Wang Wenlong , Guan Xianchao , Wen Xiaoxiao , Qiao Tian , Wei Xiaoming , Yang Zhongmin 
Published: March 2021

In this Letter, we demonstrate a high-power femtosecond all-fiber laser
system at 1.5 µm that operates at a fundamental repetition rate of up
to 4.9 GHz. This high repetition rate laser system delivers an average
power of 10 W and a pulsewidth of 63 fs in an all-fiber
configuration—the best overall performance at 1.5 µm, so far, in terms
of the all-fiber design, high average power, short pulsewidth, and
high fundamental repetition rate. Integrated from 10 Hz to 10 MHz,
this high-power femtosecond all-fiber laser system exhibits a relative
intensity noise of only 0.4%. It is anticipated that this femtosecond
laser system is promising for various applications, such as high-speed
micromachining, wide-field multiphoton bioimaging, and nonlinear
optics.
Slay the Dragon: Writing Great Video Games, Robert Denton Bryant and Keith Giglio (2015)
Authors: Nash Yousif 
Published: March 2021

Review of: Slay the Dragon: Writing Great Video Games, Robert Denton Bryant and Keith Giglio (2015)
Studio City, CA: Michael Wiese Productions, 232 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-61593-229-0, p/bk, $26.95
The Effect of Kaolin Concentration on Flock Growth Kinetics in an Agitated Tank
Authors: Šulc Radek , Svačina Ondřej 
Published: March 2021

This paper reports on an investigation of the effect of initial solid particle concentrationon flock growth and flock shape characterized by the fractal dimension Df2. The experiments werecarried out in a baffled tank agitated by a Rushton turbine at mixing intensity 64W/m3 and constantdimensionless flocculant dosage DF/ck0 = 4.545 mg/g. The model wastewater (a suspension of tapwater and kaolin) was flocculated with Sokoflok 56A organic flocculant (solution 0.1% wt.). The size and shape of the flocks were investigated by image analysis. The flock growth kinetics was fitted according to a semi-empirical generalized correlation proposed by the authors. The dependences Af = 100.35ck01.532, df,eq,max = 1.0474ck0-0.311 and (NtF)max = 1622ck0-0.393 were found. The fractal dimension Df2 was found to be independent of flocculation time and initial kaolin concentration, and its value Df2 = 1.470 ± 0.023 was determined as an average for the given conditions.
Aplicação de algorítmo genético e da methaeurística simulated anneling em um processo siderúrgico
Authors: Pimenta Cristie Diego , Silva Messias Borges , Marins Fernando Augusto Silva 
Published: March 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar a aplicação de algoritmo Genético e de Simulated Anneling para otimizar as predições estatísticas para o processo de tratamento térmico de têmpera em arames de aço. Essa modelagem estatística pode ser capaz de substituir o processo utilizado para a preparação de fornos de têmpera e revenimento, que tradicionalmente é realizada por meio de ajustes feitos a partir do resultado da propriedade mecânica dureza, ensaiada em laboratório e exigida para atender as especificações de clientes. Buscou-se compreender a influência das variáveis de entrada (fatores) e os seus efeitos na propriedade mecânica dureza, em arames de aço SAE 9254, para o diâmetro 2,00mm, utilizado para a fabricação de molas de válvula e de embreagem para o seguimento automobilístico. Foram investigadas as principais variáveis de entrada do processo e para isso, utilizaram-se as metodologias Regressão Múltipla Quadrática e a Metodologia de Superfícies de Resposta (RSM). Para a otimização do modelo estatístico foram utilizadas as metodologias Algoritmo Genético (AG) e a Meta-heurística Recozimento Simulado (Simulated Anneling). Os resultados revelaram que é possível se obter bons resultados se utilizada essa modelagem estatística e se o modelo estatístico for otimizado por meio das técnicas aplicadas neste artigo. Se as metodologias forem aplicadas corretamente, isso poderá trazer avanços científicos que poderiam proporcionar a automatização deste processo, e consequentemente isso poderia contribuir para o aumento de produtividade e da qualidade do produto.
Heavy Metal (Pb, Hg) Contained in Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758) in Cengkok Coastal Waters, Banten Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Febrianessa Nadya , Sulistiono Sulistiono , Samosir Agustinus Mangaratua , Yokota Masashi 
Published: March 2021

Increasing number of industries and settlements in Banten Bay were subsequently followed by an increase in the amount of waste, whether in the form of solid, liquid or gas that can pollute the environment. One of the toxic pollutants is heavy metal.The entry mechanism of the heavy metal Mercury (Hg) and Lead (Pb) in body of the crab (Portunus pelagicus), namely through the process of digestion food. This study was conducted for 6 months, from March to August 2019, and aimed to analyze the heavy metal content levels (Pb and Hg) and the safe consumption level of the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) in the waters. The heavy metal concentration in the meat was measured through the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer) AA 7000 series Shimadzu. The analysis showed that the Pb and Hg contained in the blue swimming crab were still under the quality standards. Also, the bio-concentration factors of the blue swimming crab were low (<100). Water quality data observed as temperature, salinity, TSS, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and transparency stayed in the range of tolerable limits for the survival of marine organisms. Maximum weekly intake calculation refers to the tolerable limits issued by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). The JECFA recommends calculating the PTWI of each heavy metal if it accumulates in the human body for methyl mercury 1.6 μg.kg bw.week-1 and for lead not exceed 25 μg.kg bw.week-1. The safety consumption level of blue swimming crab from Cengkok Coastal water was 2.3 kg of meat.week-1 (for adults) and 0.6 kg of meat.week-1 (for children).
Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Blue Swimming Crab Larvae (Portunus pelagicus) in The Conservation Area of Betahwalang, Central Java
Authors: Redjeki Sri , Zainuri Muhammad , Widowati Ita , Ghofar Abdul , Agus Elsa Lusia , Mustagfirin Mustagfirin , Ayodya Fabian Panji , Abbey Michael 
Published: March 2021

Betahwalang has been one of the main contributors to the Blue Swimming Crab (BSC, Portunus pelagicus) fisheries production in Central Java Province. Recruitment of the BSC depends to a large extend on the abundance of crab larvae. However, information on larval distribution of the crab affecting the recruitment to the fishery, fishery management and decision making to support crab conservation in Betahwalang area has been lacking. The purpose of this study is to describe the spatial and temporal distribution of BSC larvae in the crab conservation area, to identify the larval stage most commonly occurs in the conservation area, and to develop process of decision making to managing conservation areas. This study was conducted in twelve months, starting from January until December 2018. The spatial distribution of the crab larvae was analyzed and mapped by means of SPSS and ArcGIS. The results of this study indicate that the crab larvae occur in the conservation area throughout the year. The highest larval abundance of the crab occurs in May, September, and November. The most commonly found crab larval stages were megalopa. As megalopa and crablet stages are relatively much more active and closer to the adult form, their occurrence in the conservation area and throughout the year of 2018 suggests the existence of continuous support to the Blue Swimming Crab recruitment for the following year. The spatial and temporal distribution of the larvae were influenced by oceanographic parameters including temperature, nitrate and phosphate, which were associated with monsoonal changes in the Java Sea.
The Role of Consent in European Cross-Border Insolvency Proceedings: The Unilateral Undertaking under Article 36 EIRR
Authors: Gaboardi Marcello 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Properly balancing between public and private interests is one of the most significant and complex challenges presented by modern insolvency law. The European Union insolvency law has recently embraced that challenge, by reinforcing the role that private actors, such as creditors and stakeholders, are called upon to play within the context of insolvency proceedings. That approach to insolvency has gradually reduced the impact of public actors, such as judges and public officers, in managing the debtor’s financial difficulties. The individual consent seems to be the new way of facing the debtor’s insolvency. First, this Article examines the role of individual consent in insolvency proceedings in terms of economic efficiency. It focuses on the tendency to favor agreements between the debtor and creditors or the insolvency practitioner in several European legal systems when they increase the likelihood to produce efficient results for both the parties. The second part of this Article focuses on the European Regulation on cross-border insolvency proceedings no. 848/2015. I offer some critical thoughts about the unilateral undertaking under article 36 of the European Regulation. It represents a relevant means of managing the debtor’s cross-border insolvency through an agreement between the insolvency practitioner in the main insolvency proceedings and local creditors in order to avoid the opening of inefficient secondary proceedings.