bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of an online suicide prevention program involving people with lived experience: ideas and challenges
Authors: Dreier Mareike , Baumgardt Johanna , Bock Thomas , Härter Martin , Liebherz Sarah 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Fear of stigmatization, self-stigmatization, and insufficient information can lead to secrecy, reduced help-seeking, lower self-esteem, and lower self-efficacy among people affected by suicidality or suicide. Therefore, we developed an online suicide prevention program aiming to improve knowledge about suicidality and suicide stigma.
Methods

Inspired by the Australian program The Ripple Effect, a German team comprising people with lived suicide experience, researchers, and clinicians was established for developing an online suicide prevention program. Therefore, we oriented on guidelines for evidence-based health information, for reporting on suicide, and on dealing with suicidality. The lived experience team discussed and developed concept, structure, and content of the program. This manuscript presents summaries of protocols from 16 team meetings and 3 written text reviews to outline the program development process. A summative evaluation 3 years after program development began is qualitatively analyzed based on thematic analysis.
Results

Between 2018 und 2021, the lived experience team (n = 10) discussed possibilities of support in suicidal crises, attitudes towards suicide, content, and design of the online program. In a structured process, six members of the lived experience team reviewed the content. Eight persons shared their lived suicide experience in video reports by focusing on constructive ways of dealing with suicidality or a loss by suicide, conveying hope and encouraged people to continue living. Team members recommended greater public and patient involvement from the application stage, as well as more financial and personnel resources.
Conclusions

Through contributions to discussions and text reviews, the lived experience team shaped decisions in the program development process. While involving persons with lived suicide experience, it is important to consider that suicidality is 1. emotionally challenging, 2. a stigmatized issue, and 3. that the aspect of safety must be a priority. A distinction must be made between the duty of care based on actual risk and inappropriate overprotection. Hereby, transparency, autonomy, and a clear structure appeared to be helpful. For further research, we recommend a structured formative review process of the development of the program. We recommend discussing the purpose and the specific design of the evaluation with a lived experience team in advance.
Trial registration

German Clinical Trial Register DRKS00015071 on August 6, 2018.
An empirical assessment of how the government policies influenced the performance of the SMEs in Zimbabwe
Authors: Musabayana Godfrey Tambudzayi , Mutambara Emmanuel , Ngwenya Tony 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Zimbabwean government came up with sound policies that were enacted in order to deliberately empower the SMEs, focusing on their performance, but the main challenge was on the communication, implementation and support of the policies hence their impact was highly insignificant. Primary data showed that the government managed to inform the elite group, its officers who are well versed with SME policies and government intentions were clearly communicated to all the experts in the SME sector, but this information did not reach out to the end users, SME implementers. The failure to inform the lower levels of the SME implementers with the policy information had a negative impact on the performance of SMEs and the government should take this as a learning curve and adopt new strategic framework that is poised to put right what has been incorrectly executed. The poor performance of Zimbabwean SMEs is basically an issue of the government commitment to its policies that support the economic growth. The SME policy issues that were not communicated to the implementers had a ripple negative effect across the whole economy of the country hence the study recommended the crafting of a more robust and home grown strategic framework that corrects the mistake that was made the government.
Stromal cell-derived factor 1 secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes lncRNA Xist through CXCR4 and facilitates invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Lifang , Chen Wenhu , Li Xiaoyan , Zhao Hongguang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) abundantly exist in NSCLCs and promote tumor progression in most solid tumors. This study investigated the effect of CAFs on NSCLC. CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were isolated and identified. CAFs or NFs were cocultured with NSCLCs cells. Cell invasion and migration, and expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, SDF-1, CXCR4 and Xist were measured. SDF-1/CXCR4 axis inhibitor ADM3100 or low expression of Xist was added to verify the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC. The binding relationships of Xist, miR-15a-5p and MMP3 were analyzed. The effect of miR-15a-5p overexpression on H1299 was evaluated. Finally, lung metastasis experiment was carried out in vivo. CAFs promoted the invasion and EMT of NSCLC cells by secreting SDF-1. CAFs increased CXCR4 and Xist expressions in NSCLC cells. SDF-1 knockdown or ADM3100 decreased CXCR4 and Xist expressions. Silencing Xist reduced the promotion of CAFs on NSCLC. Xist targeted miR-15a-5p to regulate MMP3. Overexpression of miR-15a-5p promoted the invasion and EMT of NSCLC cells. CAFs caused more metastatic nodules and elevated SDF-1, CXCR4, MMP3 and XIST levels, and lowered miR-15a-5p level. Collectively, SDF-1 secreted by CAFs promotes lncRNA Xist through CXCR4, and Xist targets miR-15a-5p to regulate MMP3, thus promoting invasion and metastasis of NSCLC.
Safe return to elective surgery following a COVID-19 outbreak: an observational study
Authors: Aoyama Akihiro , Yamazaki Hiroshi , Yoshida Atsushi , Maruoka Hayato , Nasu Seiko , Shiroishi Yumi , Eto Masaaki , Ibaraki Takeharu , Okuuchi Noboru , Kuroda Hirokazu , Hasuike Toshikazu , Doi Asako , Yunoki Kazuma , Higashibeppu Naoki , Tachikawa Ryo , Tomii Keisuke , Ishikura Reiichi , Mima Hiroyuki , Takahashi Yutaka , Naito Yasushi , Shinohara Shogo , Sakai Nobuyuki , Kaihara Satoshi , Kihara Yasuki 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

It is a challenging task to resume suspended surgical services following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks. We aimed to investigate the results of the pre-admission screening for patients awaiting surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods

This retrospective study enrolled consecutive 100 patients who underwent surgical procedures under general anesthesia at a single institution in May 2020. For 2 weeks prior to admission, patients were required to avoid nonessential outings and record symptoms and temperatures every day. On the day before admission, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and chest computed tomography (CT) were performed.
Results

Pre-admission PCRs were all negative, and no CT imaging suggested COVID-19 infection, combined with clinical information. As a result, all surgeries were performed as scheduled. No virus was detected from the extubated tracheal tubes in operating rooms. No patients developed COVID-19 infection postoperatively. No nosocomial infection was reported through the study period and for 1 month thereafter.
Conclusions

With 2-week avoidance of nonessential outings before admission for surgery, combined with reverse transcriptase PCR and chest CT shortly before admission, we successfully resumed elective surgeries, confirmed by PCR of extubated tracheal tube swabs, at a hospital that experienced a COVID-19 outbreak.
Traditionally used edible Solanaceae plants of Mizoram, India have high antioxidant and antimicrobial potential for effective phytopharmaceutical and nutraceutical formulations
Authors: Ralte Laldinfeli , Bhardwaj Usha , Singh Yengkhom Tunginba 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Solanaceae plants are incredible sources of proteins and minerals; some even have high medicinal value recognized traditionally. The present study was designed to explore and document the ethnobotany, phytochemical and mineral nutrient composition, antimicrobial properties, antioxidant potential and identify functional groups from edible species of Solanaceae from Mizoram, India.
Methods
Field surveys and samples collection were conducted from Aizawl District, Mizoram, India. All the studied samples were extracted using Soxhlet apparatus for analysis of bioactive compounds. The total phenol, total flavonoid and total anthocyanin content were determined using standard methods. The antioxidant activity was done using DPPH free radical scavenging activity, Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. The proximate analysis and mineral contents were also determined. The antibacterial potential was determined by agar well diffusion method. The functional groups present in plants were analyzed using Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). All the results were reported as the mean ± standard deviation. The linear regression coefficient (R2) for total flavonoid and phenolic content with antioxidant activity was then analysed using Graph Pad Prism Version 5.
Results
The phytochemical screenings showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids and saponins. The highest total phenolic content was found in Solanum anguivi Lam. (29.51 mg GAE/g), and Capsicum annuum L. contained the highest total flavonoids (35.15 ± 0.03 mg/g). Proteins and carbohydrates contents were found to be the highest in Solanum melongena L. (28.49 mg/g) and Physalis angulata L. (35.64 mg/g) respectively. Elemental analysis showed the presence of Calcium (Ca), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg) and Sodium (Na) in high proportion in all the studied samples. All the plants extracts showed effective antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. FTIR spectra revealed the presence of multiple functional groups, which could be used to identify bioactive compounds that can be subsequently utilized as herbal remedies for various ailments.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that considerable amount of nutrients, biologically active and therapeutic compounds are present in the studied samples and these plants could be potential sources for new phyto-pharmaceutical and nutraceutical preparations.
A review on bioactive phytochemicals, ethnomedicinal and pharmacological importance of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.)
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Sreedha Sajana , Kashyap Arun Kumar , Singh Pardeep , Ramchiary Nirala 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Portulaca oleracea L. commonly known as Purslane is distributed all over the world and easily grows in diverse soil conditions. It has been traditionally used as a nutritious and ethnomedicinal food across the globe. Various studies have shown that the plant is a rich source of various important phytochemicals such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, proteins, carbohydrates, and vitamins such as A, C, E, and B, carotenoids and minerals such as phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and zinc. It is particularly very important because of the presence of very high concentration of omega-3- fatty acids especially α-linolenic acid, gamma- linolenic acid and linoleic acid, which are not generally synthesized in terrestrial plants. Various parts of Purslane are known for ethnomedicinal and pharmacological uses because of its anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, skeletal muscle relaxant, antitumor, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-insomnia, analgesic, gastroprotective, neuroprotective, wound healing and antiseptic activities. Due to multiple benefits of Purslane, it has become an important wonder crop and various scientists across the globe have shown much interest in it as a healthy food for the future. In this review, we provide an update on the phytochemical and nutritional composition of Purslane, its usage as nutritional and an ethnomedicinal plant across the world. We further emphasize its ethno medicinal importance across cultures and pharmacological potential.
Increased expression level of ANGPTL8 in White Adipose tissue under Chronic Cold Treatment
Authors: Arefanian Hossein , Al-Khairi Irina , Khalaf Nermeen Abu , Cherian Preethi , Kavalakatt Sina , Mathur Aditi , Qaddoumi Mohamed G. , Al-Mulla Fahd , Abubaker Jehad , Abu-Farha Mohamed 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

It is well known that Angiopoietin like protein (ANGPTL) mainly 3, 4 and 8 play a major role in maintaining energy homeostasis by regulating lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, which is a key regulator of triglyceride (TG) metabolism. Our aim is to evaluate the level of ANGPTL3, 4 and 8 in mice maintained under cold conditions in the liver, brown adipose tissue (BAT), and white adipose tissue (WAT).
Methods

C57BL/6J mice were exposed to cold temperature at 4˚C over a period of ten days with food given ad libitum. Animal tissues were harvested at days 0, 1, 3, 5, and 10 (cold treatment groups, n = 10 in each group, control, n = 5). Liver, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and BAT were used to investigate the expression level of different genes. ANGPTL3, 4 and 8 genes expression were measured in liver. ANGPTL4, 8 and UCP1 were measured in SAT and BAT.
Results

ANGPTL 3 and 8 gene expression levels were significantly reduced in mice liver tissues after cold treatment (P-value < 0.05). However, the gene expression level of ANGPTL4 was not significantly changed. In BAT, ANGPTL8 expression was not changed after cold treatment while ANGPTL4 was significantly reduced (P-value < 0.05). ANGPTL4 level was also significantly reduced in SAT, whereas the gene expression level of ANGPTL8 showed over a 5-fold increase. Similarly, the UCP1 gene expression was also significantly increased in SAT. Additionally, protein overexpression of ANGPTL8 was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry after extended cold treatment.
Conclusion

Our data shows that ANGPTL proteins are inhibited in the liver and BAT under cold treatment. This agrees with other studies that showed that reduction in ANGPTL4 in BAT improved thermogenesis in response to acute cold exposure. However, in our study we also observed that ANGPTL8 is activated under these conditions in SAT. This suggests that it might be involved in the regulation of lipolysis as well as enhancing SAT browning.
Network Pharmacology analysis of orally bioavailable SARS-COV2 protease inhibitor shows synergistic targets to improve clinical efficacy
Authors: Kumar Arun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Orally bioavailable SARS-CoV2 antiviral drugs will significantly improve the clinical management of the disease. PF07321332 (PF32) one such orally bioavailable SARS-CoV2 protease inhibitor which can be helpful to prevent viral replication in the host. Material and methods: Hence this study evaluated the network pharmacology of PF32 using established methods to predict its potential safety and efficacy. Results: PF32 was selective against SARS-CoV2 proteases without any affinity against SARS-CoV2 RNA polymerase or its spike protein. While PF32 showed pharmacologically relevant affinity against several targets in human tissues. The target profiling of PF32 indicated a fourfold selectivity towards several proteases in human tissues with an affinity (IC50) ranging from 26 to 41 nM. Conclusion: The predicted inhibitory effects of PF32 against both host and viral proteases may have synergistic effects for superior clinical efficacy.
Comparing Two Fluoride Therapies for Caries Management in Young Children: Study Protocol for a Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Gao Sherry Shiqian , Zheng Faith Miaomiao , Chen Kitty Jieyi , Duangthip Duangporn , Lo Edward Chin Man , Chu Chun Hung 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and sodium fluoride (NaF) are widely used for caries management. The objectives of this study are i) to compare the caries-arresting and caries-preventive effects of SDF and NaF in young children, ii) to determine children’s and parents’ acceptance of these fluoride therapies, and iii) to investigate the short-term (one-day) and long-term (one-year) adverse effects of these fluoride therapies.Methods/Design: This is a randomised, double-blind, active-controlled clinical trial to be conducted in Hong Kong kindergartens. The study has received approval from the local institutional review board. It has been prospectively registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (No.: NCT04399369) on 22 May 2020. Written consent will be obtained from the parents/guardians before the study. The study will recruit at least 688 healthy 3-year-old children. This sample size is sufficient for an appropriate statistical analysis. Stratified randomisation will be performed for intervention allocation. The two intervention groups are 38% SDF and 5% NaF varnish applied on six primary upper anterior teeth. At baseline, one trained examiner will perform clinical examinations of the children in the kindergartens. The caries experience and oral hygiene status of each child will be recorded using the decayed, missing (due to caries) and filled primary tooth index and visual plaque index, respectively. Then, an independent operator will apply the assigned fluoride after the dental examinations. The examiner, the children and their parents will be blinded to the intervention allocation. In addition, a research assistant will evaluate the child’s acceptance using interval rating scales for children’s uncooperative behaviour. The examiner will then visit the children the next day to study the short-term potential adverse effects of the fluoride therapies. The same examiner will perform a follow-up examination after one year to evaluate the children’s caries experiences, their oral hygiene statuses and the adverse effects of the fluoride. Parental questionnaires will be used to assess parental satisfaction and concerns about the fluoride therapies.Discussion: This study provides essential information about using SDF in an outreach kindergarten service for caries management from different aspects, which include the caries-arresting and caries-preventive effects, the adverse effects, and children’s and parents’ acceptance. The success of the service can help to increase the adoption of SDF to reduce the global burden of early childhood caries.
Identification and behavioral characteristics of stakeholders of a water diversion project based on ‘sustainable supply chain theory’
Authors: Lu Yali , Ding Wenwen , Xu Shuaishuai 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe South-to-North Water Diversion project, as one of China's strategic projects, plays an important role in China's development. Sixty-two years after the project was conceived, the central route project began to supply water in 2014. Users along the route are both beneficiaries and project influencers. Their behavior characteristics in the project operation have become a topic worthy of study. In this paper, based on a questionnaire conducted among government departments, enterprises and residents and on stakeholder theory, under the theory model of Sustainable Supply Chain (SSC) around the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) including society, economy and environment, the ecological compensation, sewage treatment and reservoir operation management in Xichuan County were investigated and studied. A total of 289 answers were recovered. Through the survey, it is found that: stakeholders include 15 township governments in Xichuan County, water conservancy project supporting facilities construction companies, ecological industry companies, water supply companies and other enterprises, as well as agricultural growers, rural farmers and non-agricultural residents in Xichuan County. Government stakeholders pursue the development of the overall operation of the project, while enterprises and residents pursue the development of individual economy. Finally, this paper lists the relevant indexes, which provide the opportunity for behavior evolution analysis and sustainable research of the project.
Validity of the Aktibipo Self-rating Questionnaire for the Digital Self-assessment of Mood and Relapse Detection in Patients With Bipolar Disorder: Instrument Validation Study
Authors: Anýž Jiří , Bakštein Eduard , Dally Andrea , Kolenič Marián , Hlinka Jaroslav , Hartmannová Tereza , Urbanová Kateřina , Correll Christoph U , Novák Daniel , Španiel Filip 
Published: May 2021

Background
Self-reported mood is a valuable clinical data source regarding disease state and course in patients with mood disorders. However, validated, quick, and scalable digital self-report measures that can also detect relapse are still not available for clinical care.

Objective
In this study, we aim to validate the newly developed ASERT (Aktibipo Self-rating) questionnaire—a 10-item, mobile app–based, self-report mood questionnaire consisting of 4 depression, 4 mania, and 2 nonspecific symptom items, each with 5 possible answers. The validation data set is a subset of the ongoing observational longitudinal AKTIBIPO400 study for the long-term monitoring of mood and activity (via actigraphy) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Patients with confirmed BD are included and monitored with weekly ASERT questionnaires and monthly clinical scales (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] and Young Mania Rating Scale [YMRS]).

Methods
The content validity of the ASERT questionnaire was assessed using principal component analysis, and the Cronbach α was used to assess the internal consistency of each factor. The convergent validity of the depressive or manic items of the ASERT questionnaire with the MADRS and YMRS, respectively, was assessed using a linear mixed-effects model and linear correlation analyses. In addition, we investigated the capability of the ASERT questionnaire to distinguish relapse (YMRS≥15 and MADRS≥15) from a nonrelapse (interepisode) state (YMRS<15 and MADRS<15) using a logistic mixed-effects model.

Results
A total of 99 patients with BD were included in this study (follow-up: mean 754 days, SD 266) and completed an average of 78.1% (SD 18.3%) of the requested ASERT assessments (completion time for the 10 ASERT questions: median 24.0 seconds) across all patients in this study. The ASERT depression items were highly associated with MADRS total scores (P<.001; bootstrap). Similarly, ASERT mania items were highly associated with YMRS total scores (P<.001; bootstrap). Furthermore, the logistic mixed-effects regression model for scale-based relapse detection showed high detection accuracy in a repeated holdout validation for both depression (accuracy=85%; sensitivity=69.9%; specificity=88.4%; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.880) and mania (accuracy=87.5%; sensitivity=64.9%; specificity=89.9%; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.844).

Conclusions
The ASERT questionnaire is a quick and acceptable mood monitoring tool that is administered via a smartphone app. The questionnaire has a good capability to detect the worsening of clinical symptoms in a long-term monitoring scenario.