bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ON A MULTIPHYSICS DIGITAL TWIN FOR AGING PREDICTION OF ADHESIVE STEP LAP JOINTS
Authors: Michopoulos John , Apetre Nicole , Iliopoulos Athanasios , Steuben John 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The present work describes the early steps in creating a digital twin to predict aging for multi-material adhesive step lap joints (ASLJs), considering simultaneous mechanical and environmental influences. It begins by defining the digital twin context and its specific architecture known as the data-driven digital twin (D3T). For a D3T to work, a theoretical and computational framework must be established to understand how the properties of materials in ASLJs degrade due to environmental damage. The developed framework describes a thermodynamics-based theory for predicting material degradation. The computational implementation of the framework and its performance are evaluated using two models of multi-material ASLJs. The first model contains a single-step ASLJ made of titanium Ti-6Al-4V and carbon epoxy composite with FM-300K adhesive, featuring three variations to show different levels of homogenization. Studies on this model assess the impact of various parameters such as the finite element order, mesh density, damage parameters, and inclusion of damage models for the participating domains. Validation of this model is also provided against experimental data. The second model addresses a multistep ASLJ using the same materials. Predictions from this model are compared favorably with experimental results under two different environmental conditions to gain insights into the aging and performance degradation of the ASLJs. Finally, conclusions and plans close the present paper.
Alterations of hepatic lipid content following COVID-19 in persons with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kupriyanova Yuliya , Yurchenko Iryna , Bobrov Pavel , Bartels Frederik , Wierichs Stefan , Jonuscheit Marc , Korzekwa Benedict , Prystupa Katsiaryna , Schön Martin , Mendez Dania , Trenkamp Sandra , Burkart Volker , Wagner Robert , Schrauwen-Hinderling Vera , Roden Michael 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe study aimed to assess the effect of COVID-19 on hepatic lipid (HL) content, fibrosis risk, and adiposity in persons with type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsParticipants with type 2 diabetes with a history of mild COVID-19 (n=15, age 58±12 years, body mass index 30.9±5.2 kg/m2) were examined before (baseline) and 1 year (12±2 months) after (follow-up) recovery from COVID-19. Investigations for changes in metabolic risk comprised clinical examination, fasting blood sampling and MR-based measurements. Potential changes were corrected with the time course of the respective parameters in a group of participants who did not contract COVID-19 over the same time course (n=14, 61±6 years, 30.0±4.6 kg/m2).ResultsCOVID-19 resulted in a relative increase in HL content of 56% (95% CI 18%, 106%; p=0.04) measured as proton density fat fraction (HL-PDFF), corrected for the time course in the absence of COVID-19. While no changes in hepatic stiffness and volume, intramyocellular lipids, whole-body, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue volumes as well as homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and beta-cell function were observed.ConclusionsHistory of COVID-19 in persons with type 2 diabetes is associated with higher HL-PDFF after 1 year following recovery from infection.Trial registration numberNCT01055093.
Genetics, primary care records and lifestyle factors for short-term dynamic risk prediction of colorectal cancer: prospective study of asymptomatic and symptomatic UK Biobank participants
Authors: Ip Samantha , Harrison Hannah , Usher-Smith Juliet A , Barclay Matthew E , Tyrer Jonathan , Dennis Joe , Yang Xin , Lush Michael , Renzi Cristina , Pashayan Nora , Denaxas Spiros , Lyratzopoulos Georgios , Antoniou Antonis C , Wood Angela M 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesTo quantify the contributions of polygenic scores, primary care records (presenting symptoms, medical history and common blood tests) and lifestyle factors, for short-term risk prediction of colorectal cancer (CRC) in general and symptomatic individuals.Methods and analysisThis prospective cohort study used data from the UK Biobank with follow-up until 2018. It included 160 507 participants with linked primary care records and a subcohort of 42 782 participants with recent CRC-related symptoms. The outcome was the first-recorded CRC diagnosis within 2 years. Dynamic risk models with time-varying predictors were derived using a super-landmark framework. Model discrimination was assessed through Harrel’s C-index, and predictor contributions to model discrimination were evaluated using inclusion-order-agnostic Shapley values.ResultsC-indices (95% CIs) were 0.73 (0.72 to 0.73) and 0.69 (0.68 to 0.70) for the general and symptomatic participants, respectively. Shapley contributions to model discrimination (95% CIs) were core predictors (eg, age, sex) 33% (25% to 42%) (symptomatic: 34% (9% to 75%)), polygenic scores 16% (8% to 26%) (8% (−21% to 35%)), primary care blood tests 32% (19% to 43%) (41% (16% to 73%)), medical history 11% (4% to 17%) (9% (−25% to 37%)), lifestyle factors 6% (0% to 11%) (−5% (−32% to 13.4%)) and symptoms 3% (−2% to 7%) (13% (−19% to 41%)).ConclusionsPolygenic scores contribute substantially to short-term risk prediction for CRC in both general and symptomatic populations; however, the contribution of information in primary care records (including presenting symptoms, medical history and common blood tests) is greater. Lifestyle factors not routinely collected in primary care contribute minimally.
Real-world oral glucocorticoid use in SLE: a nation-wide population-based study using the French medico-administrative (SNDS) claim database
Authors: Arnaud Laurent , Fabry-Vendrand Caroline , Todea Remus , Vidal Blandine , Cottin Juliette , Bureau Isabelle , Bouée Stéphane , Thabut Gabriel 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundOral glucocorticoids (OCS) remain one of the most important treatments for SLE but are associated with damage. Evidence regarding the real-world use of OCS in nationwide SLE populations is currently lacking. The aim of this study was to analyse OCS use and SLE treatments in French patients with SLE at the national level.MethodsThe nationwide French health insurance claims database, which contains pseudonymised data for ≈66 million people, was used. Prevalent patients with SLE (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code M32, recorded as a chronic condition or associated with hospital stay) were identified over the year 2019. SLE treatments were captured through actual drug deliveries by pharmacies and mean daily OCS doses (prednisone equivalent) were calculated for the year 2019.ResultsThe 2019 French prevalent SLE population comprised 31 852 patients (86.3% of women, with a mean age of 49.7 (±15.9) years) with a mean disease duration of 7.1 (±6.2) years. Among these, 48.3% were treated with OCS. The mean daily OCS dose was ≤5 mg/day in 35.9%, more than 5 mg but <7.5 mg/day in 6.4% and ≥7.5 mg/day in 6.0%. The use of other SLE treatments was significantly increased in patients with higher doses of OCS (p<0.0001). Potential complications of OCS, including cardiovascular diseases, infections and osteoporosis, were significantly increased in patients with SLE receiving more than 5 mg of OCS per day (p<0.0001, for all). Strikingly, 13.6% of patients receiving mean daily OCS doses >5 mg/day were not treated with antimalarial, immunosuppressant or biologic drugs for SLE.ConclusionsIn total, 48.2% of French patients with SLE were treated with OCS in 2019, including 12.4% at a mean dose >5 mg/day, with an increased risk of OCS complications and a limited use of antimalarials, immunosuppressants or biologics. These results highlight the urgent need for the implementation of more robust OCS-sparing strategies in SLE.
Autoimmune encephalitis associated with anti-LGI1 antibody: a potential cause of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Chen Sixian , Ren Haitao , Fan Siyuan , Zhang Shangzhu , Li Mengtao , Guan Hongzhi 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (anti-LGI1) encephalitis in patients with SLE.MethodsBetween October 2014 and April 2024, serum or cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from 332 patients with SLE suspected of autoimmune encephalitis. Cell-based assays were used to detect autoimmune antibodies, including anti-LGI1 antibodies. Four patients tested positive for anti-LGI1 antibodies, and their clinical, radiological and treatment data were analysed.ResultsAll four patients exhibited signs of limbic encephalitis, including short-term memory deficits, seizures and psychiatric disturbances. Two cases also presented with faciobrachial dystonic seizures. MRI findings revealed hyperintense basal ganglia lesions in two patients. Treatment with corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin and mycophenolate mofetil led to significant improvement in three patients, with no relapses during a follow-up period ranging from 33 to 60 months. One patient succumbed to pneumonia despite initial improvement of neurological function.ConclusionScreening for anti-LGI1 antibodies in patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is crucial when limbic encephalitis presents, as it enables timely and effective treatment, potentially improving patients’ outcomes. Additional basic and clinical research is required to clarify the pathogenic role of these antibodies in NPSLE.
Auriculotherapy and pain intensity and functional disability in older adults with chronic low back pain: randomised single-blind clinical trial
Authors: Pourmohammadi Maryam , Tagharrobi Zahra , Sharifi Khadijeh , Sooki Zahra , Zare Mohammad , Zare Joshaghani Fatemeh 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionConsidering the importance of chronic low back pain in disability in older adults, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of auriculotherapy on pain intensity and functional disability in this group.Materials and methodsThis single-blind clinical trial was conducted on older adults with chronic low back pain in Kashan, Iran, 2019–2020. Seventy eligible older people were allocated to the intervention and sham groups via block randomisation. In the intervention group, pressure was applied using Varcaria seeds on the Shenmen, sympathetic, nerve subcortex and low back points. The visual analogue scale was completed at the beginning (T0), weekly (T1–T4) and 1 month after intervention (T5). Functional disability was assessed using Oswestry Disability Index at T0, T4 and T5. Data were analysed in per-protocol and intention-to-treat designs using repeated measures analysis of variance and analysis of covariance.ResultsThere was a significant difference between the two groups regarding disease duration (p=0.012). The interaction effect of time and intervention was significant on pain intensity and functional disability (effect size (ES)=0.858 and ES=0.789, p<0.0001). The pain intensity in the intervention group was significantly lower than in the sham group at T2–T5 (p<0.0001). The functional disability score in the intervention group was significantly lower than in the sham group at T4 and T5 (p<0.0001).ConclusionAuriculotherapy can reduce pain intensity and functional disability in older adults with chronic low back pain; it can be used as a complementary medicine in care programmes for older adults with chronic low back pain.
Modified hybrid inflation in no-scale SUGRA with suppressed R-symmetry breaking
Authors: Wan Qian , Zhang Da-Xin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A well-motivated cosmological hybrid inflation scenario based on no-scale SUGRA is considered. It is demonstrated that an extra suppressed R-symmetry breaking term

$$S^n$$

S
n

with

$$n\ge 4$$

n
≥
4

needs to be included in order to realize successful inflation. The resulting potential is found to be similar (but not identical) to the one in the Starobinsky inflation model. A relatively larger tensor-to-scalar ratio

$$r\sim 10^{-2}$$

r
∼

10

-
2

and a spectral index

$$n_s\approx 0.965$$

n
s

≈
0.965

are obtained, which are approximately independent of n.
An approach for fast and qualitative detection of thin coatings on non-woven fabric via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Tasche Daniel , Pribyl Roman , Tümmel Andreas , Kelar Jakub , Kelar Tučeková Zlata , Gerhard Christoph 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In modern textile industry, the application of thinnest functional coatings on fabrics has become state-of-the-art for realising daily used goods with defined surface properties. However, since woven fabrics or non-woven textiles feature complex and undefined surfaces, classical measurement of the thickness and thickness homogeneity via classical geometrical methods is a challenging task. Against this background, an alternative approach based on spectroscopic data was investigated in this work. For this purpose, polyester non-woven textiles and plane control samples were coated with silicon suboxide-like layers using a plasma coating process. The coating thickness was then detected indirectly by measuring the ratio of characteristic elemental lines from the coating and substrate material via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. It is shown that with increasing number of laser pulses and decreasing residual thickness, respectively, this ratio decreases logarithmically. Such a decrease has turned out to be independent of the substrate surface texture. However, some restrictions of the investigated approach were identified by additional microscopic measurements where an inhomogeneous layer growth as well as laser-induced delamination was ascertained. The impact of these effects on the detected ratio is thus discussed. The results finally represent a proof of principle as a basis for ongoing work for spectroscopic measurement of coating thickness on complexly shaped surfaces.

Graphical abstract
Integration of germanium-vacancy single photon emitters arrays in diamond nanopillars
Authors: Redolfi Elisa , Pugliese Vanna , Scattolo Elia , Cian Alessandro , Missale Elena , Favaro de Oliveira Felipe , Seniutinas Gediminas , Ditalia Tchernij Sviatoslav , Dell’Anna Rossana , Traina Paolo , Olivero Paolo , Giubertoni Damiano , Forneris Jacopo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The nanoscale fabrication of μm-spaced single-photon emitter arrays is crucial for the development of integrated photonic chips. We report on the fabrication and systematic characterization of germanium-vacancy (GeV) color centers arrays in diamond obtained upon ion implantation at the nanoscale. Ge2+ ion implantations at 35 keV and 70 keV energies were carried out using a focused ion beam (FIB) equipped with a liquid metal alloy ion source. The arrays of emitters are subsequently aligned to ø300 nm nanopillar waveguiding structures, fabricated using a combination of electron-beam lithography and plasma etching. The photon collection efficiency and photoluminescence (PL) signal-to-background ratio increased by a factor 8 with respect to the unstructured sample. The photophysical properties of the GeV emitters fabricated by this approach were unaltered with respect to those found in unprocessed diamond. The efficiency of the overall manufacturing process to fabricate individual GeV centers was assessed. Up to 33% of the fabricated nanopillars, depending on ion implantation parameters, were found to contain single emitters.
Reversal of head and neck cancer risk after the cessation of use of smokeless tobacco and betel quid use: meta-analysis
Authors: Shah Kriya , Boffetta Paolo , Seyyedsalehi Monireh Sadat 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The use of smokeless tobacco and betel quid is a significant risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC) posing a major global public health concern. This meta-analysis evaluates the impact of cessation of the use of these products on HNCs risk to guide interventions. Case-control and cohort studies were found through PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases. Two independent reviewers screened studies and then extracted data. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for different products cessation was calculated from raw data and meta-analyzed by using random effects models. A total of 13 studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings were predominantly derived from Asian (n=9) studies where betel quid use is widespread. Results showed reduced HNC risk following cessation of betel quid use with RR=0.66 (95% CI: 0.54 - 0.81) or without tobacco RR=0.73 (95% CI: 0.56-0.95). However, other tobacco chewing products showed a RR of 1.07 (95% CI: 0.75-1.53). Long-term cessation (≥20 years) conferred substantial benefits RR 0.37, (95% CI: 0.22-0.61, risk estimates =4). The study highlights the importance of cessation programs and targeted interventions to encourage smokeless tobacco quitting. Future research includes conducting detailed subgroup analyses based on cancer subsites and smokeless tobacco product types.
Predicting Late Adverse Events in Uncomplicated Stanford Type B Aortic Dissection: Results From the ROADMAP Validation Study
Authors: Fleischmann Dominik , Mastrodicasa Domenico , Willemink Martin J. , Turner Valery L. , Hinostroza Virginia , Burris Nicholas S. , Yang Bo , Hanneman Kate , Ouzounian Maral , Ocazionez Trujillo Daniel , Afifi Rana O. , Estrera Anthony L. , Lacomis Joan M. , Sultan Ibrahim , Gleason Thomas G. , Pacini Davide , Folesani Gianluca , Lovato Luigi , Stillman Arthur E. , De Cecco Carlo N. , Chen Edward P. , Hinzpeter Ricarda , Alkadhi Hatem , Hedgire Sandeep , Sundt Thoralf M. , van Kuijk Sander M.J. , Schurink Geert Willem H. , Chin Anne S. , Codari Marina , Sailer Anna M. , Mistelbauer Gabriel , Madani Mohammad H. , Bäumler Kathrin , Shen Jody , Lai Kendrick M. , Fischbein Michael P. , Miller D. Craig 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Risk stratification is highly desirable in patients with uncomplicated Stanford type B aortic dissection but inadequately supported by evidence. We sought to validate externally a published prediction model for late adverse events (LAEs), consisting of 1 clinical (connective tissue disease) and 4 imaging variables: maximum aortic diameter, false lumen circumferential angle, false lumen outflow, and number of identifiable intercostal arteries.

METHODS:
We assembled a retrospective multicenter cohort (ROADMAP [Registry of Aortic Diseases to Model Adverse Events and Progression]) of 401 patients with uncomplicated Stanford type B aortic dissection presenting to 1 of 8 aortic centers between 2001 and 2013, followed until 2020. LAEs were defined as fatal or nonfatal aortic rupture, new refractory hypertension or pain, organ or limb ischemia, aortic aneurysm formation (≥6 cm), or rapid growth (≥1 cm per year). We applied the original model parameters to the validation cohort and examined the effect on risk categorization using LAE end points.

RESULTS:

One hundred and seventy-six patients (44%) with incomplete imaging or clinical data were excluded. Of 225 patients in the final cohort, 90 (40%) developed LAEs, predominantly driven by aneurysm formation. Baseline maximum aortic diameter was significantly larger in patients with (42.6 [95% CI, 39.1–45.8] mm) compared with patients without LAEs (39.9 [95% CI, 36.3–44.2] mm;
P
=0.001). A multivariable Cox regression model indicated that only maximum diameter was associated with LAEs (hazard ratio, 1.07 [95% CI, 1.03–1.11] per mm;
P
<0.001), while the other parameters were not (
P
>0.05). Applying the original prediction model to the validation cohort resulted in a poor 5-year sensitivity (38%) and specificity (69%).

CONCLUSIONS:
A clinical and imaging-based prediction model performed poorly in the ROADMAP cohort. Maximum aortic diameter remains the strongest predictor of LAEs in uncomplicated Stanford type B aortic dissection.
Intravascular Imaging Predictors Associated With Cardiovascular Events After Complex PCIs
Authors: Lee Joo Myung , Lee Sang Yoon , Kwon Woochan , Lee Seung-Jae , Lee Jong-Young , Lee Seung Hun , Shin Doosup , Lee Sang Yeub , Kim Sang Min , Yun Kyeong Ho , Cho Jae Young , Kim Chan Joon , Ahn Hyo-Suk , Nam Chang-Wook , Yoon Hyuck-Jun , Park Yong Hwan , Lee Wang Soo , Choi Ki Hong , Park Taek Kyu , Yang Jeong Hoon , Choi Seung-Hyuk , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol , Song Young Bin , Hahn Joo-Yong ,   The RENOVATE-COMPLEX-PCI Investigators
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been shown to improve clinical outcomes in patients with complex coronary artery lesions compared with angiography-guided PCI. However, the prognostic impact of suboptimal findings on intravascular imaging such as stent underexpansion, malapposition, or dissection is unclear in the era of contemporary drug-eluting stents.

METHODS:
From RENOVATE-COMPLEX-PCI (Randomized Controlled Trial of Intravascular Imaging Guidance Versus Angiography-Guidance on Clinical Outcomes After Complex Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) which compared imaging-guided PCI with angiography-guided PCI in patients with complex lesions, post-PCI intravascular imaging findings, including minimum stent area (MSA), relative stent underexpansion (MSA≤80% of the average reference lumen area), malapposition, or dissection, were assessed in nonleft main target lesions. The primary end point was target lesion failure (TLF), a composite of cardiac death, target lesion–related myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization, or definite stent thrombosis.

RESULTS:

A total of 897 nonleft main lesions from 714 patients undergoing imaging-guided PCI were included. During a median follow-up duration of 2.1 years, the optimal cutoff value of MSA to predict the occurrence of TLF was 5.5 mm
2
, and MSA<5.5 mm
2
was associated with a significantly higher risk of TLF than MSA≥5.5 mm
2
(2.2% versus 4.8%; adjusted hazard ratio, 3.09 [95% CI, 1.01–9.50];
P
=0.048). Compared with the reference group (MSA≥5.5 mm
2
and no suboptimal findings), the subgroup of patients with MSA≥5.5 mm
2
and post-PCI intravascular imaging findings of relative stent underexpansion, major malapposition, or major dissection was associated with a numerically increased risk of TLF (0.0% versus 3.2%;
P
=0.057). Compared with the same reference group, the subgroup of patients with MSA<5.5 mm
2
and suboptimal post-PCI intravascular imaging findings was associated with a significantly increased risk of TLF (0.0% versus 4.7%;
P
=0.017).

CONCLUSIONS:
After intravascular imaging–guided PCI with contemporary drug-eluting stents for nonleft main complex lesions, inadequate absolute stent expansion was independently associated with a higher risk of TLF. Suboptimal post-PCI intravascular imaging findings of relative stent underexpansion, major malapposition, and major dissection seem to contribute to the risk of TLF.

REGISTRATION:

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03381872.
Introduction to “Back to the Site: Documentary as I Understand It”
Authors: Robinson Luke 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Wu Wenguang's article ‘Back to the Site: Documentary as I Understand It’ is one of the first attempts to theorize the Chinese concept of xianchang, or working on site. A location-based practice common to filmmakers and experimental artists, xianchang evolved in 1990s China both as a reaction against Socialist Realist aesthetics, and as an attempt to recuperate their socially engaged potential. This introduction explores Wu's understanding of the distinct spatial, temporal, and everyday qualities of xianchang, while locating the emergence of on-site practices in relation to the period's rapid socio-economic changes, particularly the challenges and opportunities presented by large-scale urbanization.