bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technical Modernization as an Element of Technological Safety of a Peat Mining Enterprise (for Example «Tverregiontorf»)
Authors: Yakonovskaya T B , Zhigulskaya A I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the study, the authors analyze the structure of the peat mining equipment park of «Tverregiontorf» and assess the technical level of the machines used, which affects the dynamics of peat extraction volumes. The article deals with the problem of assessing the technological safety of peat mining equipment. The existing two approaches to the analysis of technological safety are not adequate enough. The authors propose to use a technical and economic approach to the analysis of the level of technical safety of a peat mining enterprise on the basis of a model of functioning of a peat mining machine. The functional model of peat technology is based on the idea of technical modernization of the peat machine design and modernization of peat production technology. The technical and economic approach makes it possible to determine the optimal structure of the mining equipment park, as well as to modernize the technology of the production process of peat extraction and to form appropriate mobile sets of machines for the extraction of peat and peat-wood raw materials.
Perspectives for the Use of Digital Technologies in the Agricultural Sector in Order to Optimize Agricultural Operational Processes
Authors: Zolkin A L , Matvienko E V , Shavanov M V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article deals with issues of impact of the digital economy on the development of agriculture, it determines the degree of influence of information technologies on agricultural production processes, presents the types of information received from farmers and proposes process solutions for digitalization of production for each agricultural producer. The main directions of digitalization of breeding and seed production have been considered. It has been established that digital technologies make it possible to achieve the intended results faster and more efficiently and to reveal the fullest genetic potential of plants.
Assessment of the Bottom Sediments State After Oil Spill
Authors: Glyaznetsova Yu S , Zueva I N , Lifshits S Kh , Chalaya O N , Popova N I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper has deal with the monitoring of the lake bottom sediments which were contaminated by oil during emergency spill. The results of geochemical study of chloroform bitumoids extracted from sediment samples showed that the processes of transformation of oil hydrocarbons lasted for 10 years since the oil spill. This is indicated a decrease in the residual oil content and changes in the chemical composition of bitumoids. The hydrocarbons content was decreasing and resinous-asphaltene components was increasing as oxygen-containing groups and bonds in the chemical structure of bitumoids. In the individual composition of hydrocarbons the significant redistribution of saturated hydrocarbons was occurring both within the homologous series and between different homologous series, the CPI coefficient and the biodegradation coefficient Prophy/nC17+nC18 was increasing. By 2017 in absence of new oil spills the chemical composition of bottom sediments had closed to a state inherent in the native organic matter of bottom sediments of coastal lake facies, which characterized by the presence of compounds typical for higher plant lipids (dominance of high molecular weight n-alkanes of composition nC23–nC33 with a significant predominance of odd homologues, a high content of oxygen-containing compounds – solid saturated fatty acids, aliphatic esters and saturated ketones).
Neural Network Approaches to Modeling of Natural. Emergencies. Prediction of Lena River Spring High Waters
Authors: Struchkova G , Lebedev M , Timofeeva V , Kapitonova T , Gavrilieva A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Floods play a significant role in terms of damage and safety during construction and operation of crucial objects such as a bridge over the Lena river and underwater crossings of trunk pipelines in the North and the Arctic.
A rapid rise of spring high water on the Lena river is due to accelerated melting of snow in a basin and a meridional flow direction of the river.
If flood control measures are not taken, then severe economic and social consequences are inevitable, especially in places with complex infrastructure. As, for example, heavily populated cities, the strategically important objects, the underwater crossings of the trunk pipelines, bridges and power lines.
This paper presents results of a study of a possibility of use of neural network algorithms to predict danger of the flood from the spring high waters on a section of the Lena river based on statistical archival data obtained over 70 years and an assessment of effectiveness of the neural network approach. The artificial neural networks have proven their effectiveness in solving various prediction problems, especially when using the statistical data. The use of the neural network approach based on the prediction of a time series from previous values gives the good results. Modeling was carried out using methods of a multilayer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis network (RBF). Both selected methods showed sufficient adequacy of selected statistical models.
Mechanism of Development of Human Freezing Under the Action of Naturally Low Temperatures
Authors: Alexeev R Z , Andreev A S , Ivanov V A , Alexeev Yu R , Nifontov K R , Struchkov N A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The study of the effects of naturally low temperatures on the human and animal body is of interest to clinicians who provide medical care to persons who have hypothermia. At present, deaths from general cooling in naturally low temperatures (below -40°C) have not been studied in the world. The possibility of returning to life after freezing has not only not been studied, but is not even expected, although there is very valuable scientific evidence on the return to life of individual organs after deep hypothermia, including the brain. Thermometry was performed for twelve people exposed to a low temperature of -40°C and below. Original thermocouples were manufactured and applied for measurement. In order to study the state of the brain during freezing and the cooling development mechanism, experiments were carried out. The experiments were performed on clinically healthy 6 pigs obtained from the Khatassky pig complex at the age of 3-4 months, weighing from 15 to 20 kg. Data on temperature changes in various organs was collected. Comparative analyzes of changes in the EEG and ECG, depending on changes in body temperature was carried out.
Effect of Semitransparent Screen on Heat Transfer Through a Flat Wall
Authors: Timofeev A M , Prokopiev A R , Alekseeva E N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Evaluation the energy efficiency of houses under a transparent dome is a rather difficult task due to the complexity of taking into account numerous factors affecting heat transfer, in particular the greenhouse effect. In this paper, a relatively simple model for calculating the characteristics of heat transfer through the wall of a building with a dome, which takes into account the greenhouse effect, is proposed. It is shown that the presence of a semitransparent screen due to the greenhouse effect significantly changes the temperature of the building wall under the dome and the heat flux, which implies the importance of taking into account factors such as the optical properties of the screen, the temperature of the sky, and other climatic factors when calculating the thermal regime of dome systems.
Research on Fuel Consumption for Different Values of Capacity Factor of Engine of Combine Harvester
Authors: Rogovskii I L , Voinash S A , Sokolova V A , Krivonogova A S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In article the authors substantiate that fuel consumption of combine harvester is usually influenced by design features of combine harvester: productivity, engine capacity and fuel efficiency of engine, the size of silo and grain unloading speed, the transport speed of combine, and other design features. The authors found out that specific fuel consumption of combine harvester tends to decrease with increasing of crop yield. When the normative yield, which provides passport throughput of combine, is achieved, further reduction of specific fuel consumption becomes minimal. This reduction is greater for straw – 1:1.0. Therefore, when the ratio of grain to non-grain part of mass is 1:1.5 and yield is increased to 2.5 t/ha, we observe sharp decrease in specific fuel consumption. The straw index also significantly influences the formation of specific fuel consumption of combine harvester, with yield of 4.5 t/ha and ratio of grain to non-grain part of 1:1.0, the specific fuel consumption is 2.83 l/t, and at the same yield and straw rate and ratio of grain to non-grain part of 1:2 the specific fuel consumption is 4.15 l/t (increase of 47%).
Concerning the Planned-High-Altitude Position of the Underwater Crossing of Hatassy-Pavlovsk MGL Across the River Lena
Authors: Ivanov D S , Ammosov G S , Kornilova Z G , Yakovlev Yu A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
One of the determining factors for the efficiency of the main gas lines in Yakutia is their interaction with complex geotechnical and operating conditions. The most complex structures are underwater crossings of pipelines across the water bodies. Underwater crossings are among the high-risk systems; they are the most critical. The terms of accident elimination at underwater crossings are much longer than those of similar damage on the linear section of pipeline. Besides, their repair during operation is comparable in complexity and cost to the construction of a new underwater passage. This article provides data on conducting monitoring studies of the state of the Hatassy-Pavlovsk MGL across the channel part of the river Lena, determination of the planned-high-altitude positions of two pipelines on the floodplain sections of the route, on channel processes that affect SSS of welded joints of the pipes and determine the operational reliability and durability of the MGL.The determination of riverbed deformations in the area of the underwater crossing of the main gas line (MGL) is one of the most important issues of the research. Changes in the characteristics of the river flow, safety and service reliability of the underwater crossing of MGL across the river Lena depend on the riverbed deformations. The quicksand disturbance along the course of the river Lena significantly affects the nature of ice drift and spring floods. Due to the erosion of bottom sediments and soil heaving on the coastal slopes of the Hatassky channel, as well as its shallowing, the underwater crossing of the gas pipeline is completely seized by freezing ice and soil of the coastal slopes and is tightly clamped. Studies have revealed the seasonal loosening of the surface pipeline and scour at its underwater part, wearing away of the riverbanks, as well as anthropogenic impact under changing climatic conditions.
Ground Penetrating Radar Investigations of the River Ice Cover in the Integrated Monitoring of Dangerous Hydrological Phenomena
Authors: Fedorov M P , Fedorova L L , Kulyandin G A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Ice jams are dangerous hydrological phenomena characteristic of most rivers of Russia. To reduce the risk of flooding of settlements during the spring flood, the development of technology for integrated monitoring of the river ice cover, based on the methods of GPR and the Earth remote sensing (ERS), is proposed. The advantage of the technology is the ability to obtain detailed information in vast and inaccessible areas with a bleak climate. The results of an experimental study of a site of 0.4 km2 in the Khatystakh arm of the Lena River are presented. The OKO-2 GPR (Logis-Geotech group of companies, Russia) determined the thickness and structure of the ice cover. Satellite images determined the tonal characteristics of the ice cover in contact with sand and water. The combination of GPR results and ERS images made it possible to obtain detailed information about the spatial change in the thickness and structure of the ice cover. The prospect of integrated information lies in the possibility of integral assessments, and their use in modeling, monitoring and forecasting ice conditions in the spring.
Some Problems of Environmental Security of Territory of Oil and Gas Complex of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Lifshits S Kh , Glyaznetsova Yu S , Zueva I N , Chalaya O N , Popova N I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Oil and gas complexes sometimes use a method of cleaning soils from oil pollutions by covering polluted area with ground. An analysis of five years monitoring has shown that such method not only does not remove oil pollution, but also prevents further soil remediation using effective cleaning methods such as bioremediation, due to the absence at a depth of air oxygen and solar radiation which are necessary conditions for the life of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms. As a result oil pollution with thawed water annually seeps back to the soil surface, which leads to secondary environmental pollution by oil hydrocarbons.
Reducing Diesel Fuel Depression Using a Depressor- Dispersing Additive
Authors: Iovleva E L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In Russia, the operation of diesel-powered vehicles in the cold climate zone occupying most of the country requires the use of high-quality low pour point diesel fuel. The demand for winter and Arctic diesel fuel in Russia reaches 30 % of the total diesel production, but its actual production output is about 17 %. However, despite the demand for diesel fuel, the summer diesel remains unused for the season and should be stored until the next season. Diesel fuel is a mixture of hydrocarbons of various densities and has low viscosity; for this reason, it tends to stratification during long-term storage. The heavy diesel components accumulate at the tank bottom, while light and medium hydrocarbons remain in the total mass. In the paper, we have studied the possibility of obtaining winter diesel from summer one by introducing a depressor-dispersing additive.
The Oily Soil Reclaiming by the Spent Selective Sorbent
Authors: Ignatkina D O , Voytyuk A A , Shevtsova I M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article is about one of the possible method of the spent sorbent utilization as a recultivated addition for oily soil liquidation. The main sources of the oil pollution are mentioned. It is suggested to use the spent selective sorbent as addition for oil liquidation, which is consisted of 70% of the spent active ooze and 30% of mineral component. The physicochemical properties of the spent sorbent based on the excess active ooze are studied. The average data of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium containing is mentioned. It is experimentally proved that oily soil, which contains a great amount of organic matter, decreases the toxicity of heavy metals, and plants can delete them. Brassica juncea, which belongs to mustard family, was chosen for the laboratory research as an effective accumulator of the heavy metals ions. The heavy metal ions are absorbed during the process of the Brassica juncea seed sprouting and then they are moved to the top of the plant that is why at the end of the basic process of vegetation the toxic polluted biomass is reduced and utilized. There are recommendations for the preliminary preparation of the spent sorbent before using it as the recultivated addition in the oily soil.
The Impact of Technologies on the Production Ability of Winter Wheat in the South of Russia
Authors: Pismennaya E V , Golosnoy E V , Azarova M Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Food security is one of the main conditions for the stable development of society and the country as a whole. The main food crop in the South of Russia is winter wheat. The aim of the research was to study the influence of the system without tillage and the traditional technology of cultivating crop on the production ability of plants and soil quality. The studies were conducted on the territory of Agrokhleboprodukt JSC in the Ipatovsky Region of the Stavropol Territory. The technology without soil cultivation has a positive effect on soil indicators: soil density (1.27–1.28 g/cm3), productive moisture supply (64.7 mm for sunflower and 76.2 mm for chickpeas). The content of exchange potassium before sowing in sunflower was 361.3-365.7 mg/kg, for chickpea - 399.0-403.0 mg/kg; mobile phosphorus - 32.1-33.2 and 36.8-37.4 mg/kg respectively; nitrogen - 12.6-14.4 and 13.0-14.9 mg/kg respectively. On average, in the variant where sunflower acted as the forecrop, the yield of winter wheat varied within 39.2-44.4 c/ha, chickpeas - 44.5-46.7 c/ha. Trend models reflected a very close relationship between factor features (potassium and phosphorus) and winter wheat productivity (r = 1.0).
Use of Computer Technologies in Animal Breeding
Authors: Khoroshailo T A , Komlatsky V I , Kozub Y A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
At the present stage of development of agricultural enterprises, one of the conditions for their successful functioning is information support, which includes the collection and processing of information necessary for making informed management decisions. An automated process control system in livestock complexes fulfills up to 80% of all emerging management planning tasks. The tasks set today already have examples of solutions in the Russian Federation. Farms, the management of which timely and accurately assesses the situation and switches to resource-saving innovative technologies, begin to use the various available capabilities of information technologies. Unfortunately, hundreds of managers are «charged» with ideas of modern technologies, but only dozens dare to start their implementation.
Research on the Iron Content in Plant-based Beverages
Authors: Volkova D A , Smotraeva I V , Balanov P E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The current study considers tackling iron deficiency and nutritional anaemia through consumption of functional iron-rich foods, which are produced from plant-based ingredients. The study proposes the approach of developing functional beverages recipes. It includes ingredients selection, formula calculation, drink sample evaluation and iron measurement. Manufactured drinks are aimed at vulnerable groups and cover certain amount of iron daily dosage. The approach may act as the way of producing safer food options to avoid immoderate iron intake and prevent chronic iron overload. As the result of the study, the iron content of the best-evaluated sample was measured, and it was estimated that produced Hibiscus-based beverage may be utilized as the tool to prevent deficiency and anaemia in specific groups, without creating the threat for non-targeted individuals.
Recovery of Boric Acid from Aqueous Solutions Using Polycondensation Anion Exchangers
Authors: Lipunov I N , Pervova I G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The sorption behavior and mechanism of boric acid recovery on polymerization anion exchangers of both strongly and weakly basic types are now fairly well understood, while a current knowledge of the sorption of boric acid on polycondensation anion exchangers is limited. The present investigation was carried out to establish influences of temperature, concentration and pH of boric acid on its sorption behavior. It was used polycondensation anion exchangers based on monoethanolamine and epichlorohydrin (SB-1, SB-2) and pyrocatechol and formaldehyde (SB-7, SB-8). It has been revealed that anion exchangers in the hydroxyl form containing alcohol and aminooxyethyl functional groups possess high sorption activity and selectivity for boron. When sorption of boric acid from solutions at a concentration more than 0.057 M, pH 5.0-7.5, the exchangers have been shown to possess unusually high sorption capacity for boron. It has been established that the mechanism of boric acid sorption on the hydroxyl-form polycondensation anion exchanger has the mixed nature owing to the fact that it was observed two simultaneous processes: first, chemisorption of boric acid molecules by the hydroxyl groups of the anion exchangers, coupled with the accumulation of tetraborate anions [B4O5(OH)4]2- in the sorbent phase, and second, complex formation of polynuclear boron compounds.
Recycling Phenolic Wastewater from Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin Production
Authors: Pervova I G , Klepalova I A , Lipunov I N 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe sorption Phenolic wastewater is a kind of hazardous waste due to the presence of free phenol which is a highly toxic organic compound. Described in the literature and implemented, technology solutions for dephenolization are commonly based on thermal destruction. However, thermal treatment technologies have a range of disadvantages and the main ones of them are the losing of phenol and formaldehyde, which are valuable chemical raw materials and changing the balance of atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide. At the same time, owing to bonding properties, phenol and formaldehyde are used as polymer binders for manufacturing composite materials gradually replacing commercial synthetic resins. The paper presents results of the investigation related to developing a resource-saving technology for the recovery of phenol and formaldehyde from industrial phenolic wastewater by obtaining composite construction material and sodium phenolate. Sawdust and wastes from textolite manufacturing and processing were used as fillers and modifiers in a composite mixture. The presented technological process has been developed on the base of recycling using combined technologies through inter-industrial collaboration. This approach makes it possible to obtain high-quality recycled products from technogenic raw materials (degree of phenol conversion was 0.995) and to carry out complete dephenolization of the wastewater (residual phenol concentration was 2⋅10−2mg/l), which can be used in the wastewater reuse system for the main chemical manufacturing.
Ecological and Biochemical Evaluation of the Kalmyk Cattle Meat When Including Mineral Feed Additives in Fattering Bulls Diet
Authors: Sleptsov I I , Martynov A A , Vasiliev Ya S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article presents the study results of the Kalmyk breed bulls meat chemical composition, that had been fed local non-traditional feed additives — zeolite and salt. The data shows differences in chemical composition of the average sample bulls meat, in the experimental group dry matter was from 27.09 to 31.02%, meat protein was 2.97% higher, and fat was 2.18% higher than the control group.
The ratio of protein and fat in both group meat was 0.62-0.64. In studied meat samples was different vitamin content. In the experimental animals meat, B1 vitamin was 26.8% higher, B2 -5.9%, E - 2.6%, PP - 8.2%.
Studies show that the mineral additives in the diet contributes to a greater accumulation of dry matter, nutrients, and vitamins. Under such technology, beef has a great energy density and biological value. The article also reflects the study results of the Kalmyk bulls meat macro- and microelement composition. When analyzing the data, we found that the animals receiving natural feed additives have the best ultimate composition in their meat.