bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of integrated development of transportation and postal service in Hunan Province
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Meng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Based on the data collection of Hunan Province, this paper uses SPSS software to analyze the correlation between the data of the two industries, and concludes that the development of the two industries presents the characteristics of integration. According to the characteristics of the integrated development system of the two industries, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was selected, and four evaluation indexes were selected from the development direction with higher integration degree of the communication and postal services. By calculating the weights of the four indexes, the comprehensive development evaluation system was established. According to the established index system and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the scoring results of the four indexes are calculated to provide countermeasures and suggestions for the integrated high-quality development of transportation and postal industry in Hunan Province
Research on the circulation of maritime documents based on blockchain technology
Authors: Liu Shaokun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Maritime goods from the shipper to the consignee will go through cumbersome trade procedures. The traditional paper documents used in this process will cause some damage to the environment. Therefore, it is proposed to introduce blockchain technology in the circulation of shipping documents, and realize paperless customer service by using its characteristics of non-tamperability traceability and trust. This paper first reviews the literature on blockchain in the shipping industry, and then analyses the risks in the circulation of shipping documents and the efficiency of document circulation. Then it puts forward the shipping document circulation system architecture based on alliance block chain, and finally gives policy suggestions.
Example of VOCs waste gas treatment in a pharmaceutical enterprise
Authors: Zhuang Zhipeng , Luo Jinglin , Xu Mingxin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper introduces the volatile organic waste gas pollution characteristics and the treatment status of chemical pharmaceuticals companies. According to the characteristics of volatile organic waste gas of a pharmaceutical enterprise, after comparing various treatment processes of volatile organic waste gas, the treatment process of alkali washing spray + high efficiency mist eliminator + activated carbon adsorption + nitrogen desorption + condensation was finally adopted. Waste gas treatment scale of 60000m3/h, after stable operation of the equipment. Each emission index reaches the air pollution emission limit stipulated in the “Emission standard of air pollutant for pharmaceutical industry” (GB37823-2019).
The Earth Environment Change Detection Method Based on the Variable Weight Markov Random Field Combined with the Space Gravity Model
Authors: Zhao Ping , Yang Wanyun , Zhao Jian , Liu Dandan , Li Xianye 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
For the traditional earth environment change detection algorithm based on remote sensing image, only the band information of the image is utilized, and it is difficult to obtain the defect of the complete change detection result. Based on the spectral information of the image, the change detection method based on Markov random field model introduces the spatial correlation of pixels, which improves the accuracy of change detection to some extent. However, due to the over-use of spatial correlation in the process of introducing pixel spatial information, these methods have the disadvantage of poor detection results due to the fixed weight parameters in the modelling process. Aiming at the limitations of these methods, this paper proposes the environment of earth change detection method based on the variable weight markov random field combined with the space gravity model. Using the space gravitation model, the use of pixel spatial information is more reasonable, and the idea of variable weight is introduced to improve the defect that the change detection result is too smooth due to the fixed weight parameter. Experiments on real high-resolution remote sensing image datasets verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.
Research on the potential of water resources utilization efficiency in the North Canal Basin to improve environmental flow guarantee degree
Authors: Wang Zhuowei , Wu Leixiang , Huang Wei , Yan Xiaoping , Guan Ronghao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
North Canal is one of the important tributaries of Haihe River, however, it can’t meet the requirement of environmental flow. Improving water resources utilization efficiency is one significance way to enhance the environmental flow guarantee degree, Hence, it’s significant to study the potential of improving water use efficiency of the North Canal Basin. Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process, this paper comprehensively evaluates the water use efficiency of the North Canal Basin from 2016 to 2019, and analyses the water use efficiency improvement potential. The results show that the water use efficiency of the North Canal Basin is high compared to the national average level, and the water use efficiency of the basin is increasing from 2016 to 2019, and the comprehensive score of water use efficiency in 2019 is the highest at 0.927, and lowest in 2016 at 0.896. The water use efficiency of the North Canal Basin still has the potential to be improved, and with the promotion of ecological civilization construction in China, the environment water consumption in the North Canal Basin is increasing year by year, and the environmental flow guarantee degree of the North Canal Basin will be gradually improved.
Statistical Research on the Influencing Factors of Zhengzhou Metro Passenger Flow
Authors: Liu Xinna 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Subway passenger flow refers to the number of people entering the subway per unit time, which is an important indicator reflecting the popularity and value of the subway. This paper selects Zhengzhou Metro Line 1, which is currently the most mature and has the most complete passenger flow data in Zhengzhou City. First, using SPSS software to perform principal component analysis on the original data. Second, using MATLAB software to further process the data processed by principal component analysis. Finally, through the establishment of a gray correlation model, the results of Lanzhai Station on Zhengzhou Metro Line 1 are obtained that its import and export passenger flow has the most significant impact on the passenger flow of Zhengzhou Metro Line 1.
Diesel Engine Exhaust Exposure in the Ontario Civil Infrastructure Construction Industry
Authors: Ziembicki Stephanie , Kirkham Tracy L , Demers Paul A , Peters Cheryl E , Gorman Ng Melanie , Davies Hugh W , Tenkate Thomas , Kalenge Sheila , Blagrove-Hall Nicola , Jardine Katherine J , Arrandale Victoria H 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is a known lung carcinogen and a common occupational exposure in Canada. The use of diesel-powered equipment in the construction industry is particularly widespread, but little is known about DEE exposures in this work setting. The objective of this study was to determine exposure levels and identify and characterize key determinants of DEE exposure at construction sites in Ontario.

Methods
Elemental carbon (EC, a surrogate of DEE exposure) measurements were collected at seven civil infrastructure construction worksites and one trades training facility in Ontario using NIOSH method 5040. Full-shift personal air samples were collected using a constant-flow pump and SKC aluminium cyclone with quartz fibre filters in a 37-mm cassette. Exposures were compared with published health-based limits, including the Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Safety (DECOS) limit (1.03 µg m−3 respirable EC) and the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH) recommendation (5 µg m−3 respirable EC). Mixed-effects linear regression was used to identify determinants of EC exposure.

Results
In total, 149 EC samples were collected, ranging from &lt;0.25 to 52.58 µg m−3 with a geometric mean (GM) of 3.71 µg m−3 [geometric standard deviation (GSD) = 3.32]. Overall, 41.6% of samples exceeded the FIOH limit, mostly within underground worksites (93.5%), and 90.6% exceeded the DECOS limit. Underground workers (GM = 13.20 µg m−3, GSD = 1.83) had exposures approximately four times higher than below grade workers (GM = 3.56 µg m−3, GSD = 1.94) and nine times higher than above ground workers (GM = 1.49 µg m−3, GSD = 1.75). Training facility exposures were similar to above ground workers (GM = 1.86 µg m−3, GSD = 4.12); however, exposures were highly variable. Work setting and enclosed cabins were identified as the key determinants of exposure in the final model (adjusted R2 = 0.72, P &lt; 0.001). The highest DEE exposures were observed in underground workplaces and when using unenclosed cabins.

Conclusions
This study provides data on current DEE exposure in Canadian construction workers. Most exposures were above recommended health-based limits, albeit in other jurisdictions, signifying a need to further reduce DEE levels in construction. These results can inform a hazard reduction strategy including targeted intervention/control measures to reduce DEE exposure and the burden of occupational lung cancer.
MSABrowser: dynamic and fast visualization of sequence alignments, variations and annotations
Authors: Torun Furkan M , Bilgin Halil I , Kaplan Oktay I 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Summary
Sequence alignment is an excellent way to visualize the similarities and differences between DNA, RNA or protein sequences, yet it is currently difficult to jointly view sequence alignment data with genetic variations, modifications such as post-translational modifications and annotations (i.e. protein domains). Here, we present the MSABrowser tool that makes it easy to co-visualize genetic variations, modifications and annotations on the respective positions of amino acids or nucleotides in pairwise or multiple sequence alignments. MSABrowser is developed entirely in JavaScript and works on any modern web browser at any platform, including Linux, Mac OS X and Windows systems without any installation. MSABrowser is also freely available for the benefit of the scientific community.

Availability and implementation
MSABrowser is released as open-source and web-based software under MIT License. The visualizer, documentation, all source codes and examples are available at https://thekaplanlab.github.io/ and GitHub repository https://github.com/thekaplanlab/msabrowser.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Multi-project and Multi-profile joint Non-negative Matrix Factorization for cancer omic datasets
Authors: Salazar D A , Pržulj N , Valencia C F 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMotivationThe integration of multi-omic data using machine learning methods has been focused on solving relevant tasks such as predicting sensitivity to a drug or subtyping patients. Recent integration methods, such as joint Non-negative Matrix Factorization, have allowed researchers to exploit the information in the data to unravel the biological processes of multi-omic datasets.ResultsWe present a novel method called Multi-project and Multi-profile joint Non-negative Matrix Factorization capable of integrating data from different sources, such as experimental and observational multi-omic data. The method can generate co-clusters between observations, predict profiles and relate latent variables. We applied the method to integrate low-grade glioma omic profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia projects. The method allowed us to find gene clusters mainly enriched in cancer-associated terms. We identified groups of patients and cell lines similar to each other by comparing biological processes. We predicted the drug profile for patients, and we identified genetic signatures for resistant and sensitive tumors to a specific drug.Availability and implementationSource code repository is publicly available at https:/bitbucket.org/dsalazarb/mmjnmf/-Zenodo DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5150920.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Dietary phytoestrogen intake and lung cancer risk: an analysis of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial
Authors: Wang Qian , Ru Meng , Zhang Yaning , Kurbanova Tamara , Boffetta Paolo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Phytoestrogens (PEs) have estrogen-like activity and were found to lower incidences of several hormone-dependent cancers. Emerging evidence suggests that estrogen may play a role in lung cancer carcinogenesis. We aim to evaluate dietary PE intake and lung cancer risk using data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian cancer screening trial. A total of 1706 lung cancer cases were identified. The association between lung cancer risk and PE intake (in quartiles) was calculated using the Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for potential confounders. Stratified analyses by smoking status, sex and histology were also performed. The highest quartile of total PE intake was associated with a reduced risk of lung cancer compared with the lowest quartile [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73–0.99 for &gt;1030 μg/day versus &lt;290 μg/day] (P trend = 0.56). Similar patterns were observed among ever smokers (HR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.71–0.98), non-small cell histology (HR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72–0.99), male (HR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.69–1.03) and female (HR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.64–0.99 for 510–1030 μg/day, HR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.67–1.06 for &gt;1030 μg/day versus &lt;290 μg/day) subjects with no significant linear trend observed. Despite a lower consumption compared with the Asian population, increased PE intake still appears to decrease lung cancer risk in a Caucasian-dominant population. Future studies are needed to replicate these results in independent cohorts and shed a light on the potential mechanism of the protective effect of PEs on lung carcinogenesis and the interaction between PEs, smoking and endogenous estrogens.
Respiratory Microbiome Disruption and Risk for Ventilator-Associated Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
Authors: Harrigan James J , Abdallah Hatem O , Clarke Erik L , Oganisian Arman , Roy Jason A , Lautenbach Ebbing , Reesey Emily , Wernovsky Magda , Tolomeo Pam , Morawski Zygmunt , Jacob Jerry , Grippi Michael A , Kelly Brendan J 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infection (VA-LRTI) is common among critically ill patients and has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In acute critical illness, respiratory microbiome disruption indices (MDIs) have been shown to predict risk for VA-LRTI, but their utility beyond the first days of critical illness is unknown. We sought to characterize how MDIs previously shown to predict VA-LRTI at initiation of mechanical ventilation change with prolonged mechanical ventilation, and if they remain associated with VA-LRTI risk.

Methods
We developed a cohort of 83 subjects admitted to a long-term acute care hospital due to their prolonged dependence on mechanical ventilation; performed dense, longitudinal sampling of the lower respiratory tract, collecting 1066 specimens; and characterized the lower respiratory microbiome by 16S rRNA sequencing as well as total bacterial abundance by 16S rRNA quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results
Cross-sectional MDIs, including low Shannon diversity and high total bacterial abundance, were associated with risk for VA-LRTI, but associations had wide posterior credible intervals. Persistent lower respiratory microbiome disruption showed a more robust association with VA-LRTI risk, with each day of (base e) Shannon diversity &lt;2.0 associated with a VA-LRTI odds ratio of 1.36 (95% credible interval, 1.10–1.72). The observed association was consistent across multiple clinical definitions of VA-LRTI.

Conclusions
Cross-sectional MDIs have limited ability to discriminate VA-LRTI risk during prolonged mechanical ventilation, but persistent lower respiratory tract microbiome disruption, best characterized by consecutive days with low Shannon diversity, may identify a population at high risk for infection and may help target infection-prevention interventions.
Viral Load of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Respiratory Aerosols Emitted by Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) While Breathing, Talking, and Singing
Authors: Coleman Kristen K , Tay Douglas Jie Wen , Tan Kai Sen , Ong Sean Wei Xiang , Than The Son , Koh Ming Hui , Chin Yi Qing , Nasir Haziq , Mak Tze Minn , Chu Justin Jang Hann , Milton Donald K , Chow Vincent T K , Tambyah Paul Anantharajah , Chen Mark , Tham Kwok Wai 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) superspreading events suggest that aerosols play an important role in driving the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To better understand how airborne SARS-CoV-2 transmission occurs, we sought to determine viral loads within coarse (&gt;5 μm) and fine (≤5 μm) respiratory aerosols produced when breathing, talking, and singing.

Methods
Using a G-II exhaled breath collector, we measured viral RNA in coarse and fine respiratory aerosols emitted by COVID-19 patients during 30 minutes of breathing, 15 minutes of talking, and 15 minutes of singing.

Results
Thirteen participants (59%) emitted detectable levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in respiratory aerosols, including 3 asymptomatic and 1 presymptomatic patient. Viral loads ranged from 63–5821 N gene copies per expiratory activity per participant, with high person-to-person variation. Patients earlier in illness were more likely to emit detectable RNA. Two participants, sampled on day 3 of illness, accounted for 52% of total viral load. Overall, 94% of SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies were emitted by talking and singing. Interestingly, 7 participants emitted more virus from talking than singing. Overall, fine aerosols constituted 85% of the viral load detected in our study. Virus cultures were negative.

Conclusions
Fine aerosols produced by talking and singing contain more SARS-CoV-2 copies than coarse aerosols and may play a significant role in SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Exposure to fine aerosols, especially indoors, should be mitigated. Isolating viable SARS-CoV-2 from respiratory aerosol samples remains challenging; whether this can be more easily accomplished for emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants is an urgent enquiry necessitating larger-scale studies.
Vitamin K antagonist use induces calcification and atherosclerotic plaque progression resulting in increased hypercoagulability
Authors: van Gorp Rick H , Baaten Constance C F M J , Habibi Anxhela , Jaminon Armand M G , Peeters Frederique E C M , Leenders Peter , Crijns Harry J G M C , Heemskerk Johan W M , Reutelingsperger Chris P , Spronk Henri M , Schurgers Leon J 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsVascular calcification is a hallmark of atherosclerotic burden and can predict the cardiovascular outcome. Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are widely used anticoagulant drugs to treat patients at risk of arterial and venous thrombosis but are also associated with increase vascular calcification progression. We aim to unravel the paradox that VKA suppresses plasma coagulation but promotes vascular calcification and subsequent atherosclerosis-dependent coagulability of the vessel wall.Methods and resultsApoe −/− mice were placed on western-type diet enriched with the VKA warfarin for 18 weeks to measure atherosclerotic plaque burden, calcification, and coagulation. Patients (n = 54) displaying paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with a low cardiovascular risk, who were treated with VKA were included to measure pre-thrombotic state. Finally, primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) derived from human tissue explants were used for in vitro experiments. In Apoe−/− mice, VKA increases both atherosclerotic plaque size and calcification. Higher plaque calcification was associated with increased plasma levels of thrombin-antithrombin and factor IXa-antithrombin complexes in mice and patients treated with VKA. Mechanistically, phenotypic switching of VSMC into synthetic VSMC promotes thrombin generation, which is enhanced in a tissue-factor (TF)-dependent manner by VSMC calcification. Moreover, calcified VSMC exposed to whole blood under flow significantly enhanced platelet deposition and TF-dependent fibrin formation.ConclusionsOral anticoagulation with VKA aggravates vascular calcification and atherosclerosis. VSMC phenotype differentiation impacts coagulation potential in a TF-dependent manner. VKA-induced vascular calcification increases hypercoagulability and could thereby potentially positively affect atherothrombosis.
Pericoronary and periaortic adipose tissue density are associated with inflammatory disease activity in Takayasu arteritis and atherosclerosis
Authors: Wall Christopher , Huang Yuan , Le Elizabeth P V , Ćorović Andrej , Uy Christopher P , Gopalan Deepa , Ma Chuoxin , Manavaki Roido , Fryer Tim D , Aloj Luigi , Graves Martin J , Tombetti Enrico , Ariff Ben , Bambrough Paul , Hoole Stephen P , Rusk Rosemary A , Jayne David R , Dweck Marc R , Newby David , Fayad Zahi A , Bennett Martin R , Peters James E , Slomka Piotr , Dey Damini , Mason Justin C , Rudd James H F , Tarkin Jason M 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsTo examine pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) and periaortic adipose tissue (PAAT) density on coronary computed tomography angiography for assessing arterial inflammation in Takayasu arteritis (TAK) and atherosclerosis.Methods and resultsPCAT and PAAT density was measured in coronary (n = 1016) and aortic (n = 108) segments from 108 subjects [TAK + coronary artery disease (CAD), n = 36; TAK, n = 18; atherosclerotic CAD, n = 32; matched controls, n = 22]. Median PCAT and PAAT densities varied between groups (mPCAT: P &lt; 0.0001; PAAT: P = 0.0002). PCAT density was 7.01 ± standard error of the mean (SEM) 1.78 Hounsfield Unit (HU) higher in coronary segments from TAK + CAD patients than stable CAD patients (P = 0.0002), and 8.20 ± SEM 2.04 HU higher in TAK patients without CAD than controls (P = 0.0001). mPCAT density was correlated with Indian Takayasu Clinical Activity Score (r = 0.43, P = 0.001) and C-reactive protein (r = 0.41, P &lt; 0.0001) and was higher in active vs. inactive TAK (P = 0.002). mPCAT density above −74 HU had 100% sensitivity and 95% specificity for differentiating active TAK from controls [area under the curve = 0.99 (95% confidence interval 0.97–1)]. The association of PCAT density and coronary arterial inflammation measured by 68Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography (PET) equated to an increase of 2.44 ± SEM 0.77 HU in PCAT density for each unit increase in 68Ga-DOTATATE maximum tissue-to-blood ratio (P = 0.002). These findings remained in multivariable sensitivity analyses adjusted for potential confounders.ConclusionsPCAT and PAAT density are higher in TAK than atherosclerotic CAD or controls and are associated with clinical, biochemical, and PET markers of inflammation. Owing to excellent diagnostic accuracy, PCAT density could be useful as a clinical adjunct for assessing disease activity in TAK.