bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance Enhancement of Stretchable Transparent Conducting Silver Nanowire Networks with Graphene Encapsulation
Authors: Yan Siyi , Li Peng , Ju Zhongshi , Chen He , Ma Jiangang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Silver nanowire (AgNW) networks are promising transparent conducting materials for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and diverse optoelectronic devices. However, the poor contact between adjacent AgNWs leads to low electrical conductivity and weak mechanical stability of AgNW networks, which are limiting the practical application of these electronics. Here we report an efficient strategy to improve the overall performance of AgNW networks, in which the AgNW networks are sandwiched between two layers of graphene films. The graphene films improve the contact of overlapped AgNWs and bridge the discrete AgNWs, and thus increase the conductivity of graphene/AgNWs/graphene (GAG) films. Microwave permittivity measurements together with mechanism analyses reveal that the graphene films can enhance the EMI shielding effectiveness of AgNW networks through offering extra conduction loss, multiple dielectric polarization centers and multi-reflection processes. As a result, the GAG film with an average transmittance of 88% exhibits a sheet resistance lower than 15 Ω sq− 1 and an EMI shielding effectiveness of 31 dB (in the frequency range of 8.2‒12.4 GHz) after repeated stretching and release at a strain of 40%. Such a total performance is superior to that of most of as-reported transparent conductors. The GAG films therefore show application potential in the age of Internet of Things that electromagnetic radiation pollutions are everywhere.
Management of Asymptomatic Hypoglycemia With Dextrose Oral Gel at 40% in Near Term at-risk Infants to Reduce Intensive Care Need and Promote Breastfeeding
Authors: Meneghin Fabio , Manzalini Martina , Acunzo Miriam , Daniele Irene , Bastrenta Petrina , Castoldi Francesca , Cavigioli Francesco , Zuccotti Gian Vincenzo , Lista Gianluca 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Neonatal hypoglycemia is a common disorder especially in at-risk infants and it can be associated with poor long-term neurological outcomes. Several therapeutic interventions are suggested, from the implementation of breastfeeding to the glucose intravenous administration. Oral dextrose gel massaged into the infant’s inner cheek is a recent treatment option of asymptomatic hypoglycemia, after which oral feeding is encouraged. This approach seems to reduce the admission of infants to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) so favouring maternal bonding and breastfeeding success at discharge. Methods: In our unit we recently implemented the protocol for the management of asymptomatic hypoglycemia with the introduction of dextrose oral gel at 40%. Therefore we compared two cohorts of near term at-risk infants with asymptomatic hypoglycemia: a historical group managed with our old protocol and the second one prospectively followed after the introduction of dextrose gel at 40%. Results: Primary outcome was occurrence of NICU admission and glucose intravenous needs; breastfeeding success was the secondary outcome. Infants in the dextrose oral gel group showed statistically lower need of NICU admission and higher prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge compared with infants of the historical group. Conclusions: In our population the introduction of dextrose oral gel at 40% to the protocol, helped in the safe management of asymptomatic hypoglycemia in near term infants and, at the same time, implemented breastfeeding.
Weight Shapes the Intestinal Microbiome in Preterm Infants: Results of a Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Heida Fardou H. , Kooi Elisabeth M. W. , Wagner Josef , Nguyen Thi-Yen , Hulscher Jan B. F. , Zoonen Anne G. J. F. , Bos Arend F. , Harmsen Hermie J. M. , Goffau Marcus C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The intestinal microbiome in preterm infants differs markedly from term infants. It is unclear whether the microbiome develops over time according to infant specific factors. Methods: We analysed (clinical) metadata - to identify the main factors influencing the microbiome composition development - and the first meconium and feacal samples til the 4th week via 16S rRNA amplican sequencing. Results: We included 41 infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birth weight 430-990g. Birth via Caesarean section (CS) was associated with placental insufficiency during pregnancy and lower BW. In meconium and in weeks 2 and 3 an increased combined abundance of Escherichia and Bacteroides (maternal fecal representatives) was associated with vaginal delivery (p=0.021, p=0.0002, p=0.028, respectively) while Staphylococcus (skin microbiome representative) was associated with CS (p=0.0008, p=0.0003 p=0.046, respectively). Secondly, irrespective of the week of sampling or the mode of birth, a transition was observed as children children gradually increased in weight from a microbiome dominated by Staphylococcus (Bacilli) towards a microbiome dominated by Enterobacteriaceae (Gammaproteobacteria). Conclusions: Mode of delivery affects the meconium microbiome composition. It also suggests that the weight of the infant at the time of sampling is a better predictor for the stage of progression of the intestinal microbiome development/maturation than postconceptional age.
Thymic Neuroendocrine Tumor With Sjogren’s Syndrome Cured by Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Thymectomy：A Case Report
Authors: Cai Hongfei , Qin Da , Wang Rui , Lu Tianyu , Tang Ze , Cui Youbin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Thymic neuroendocrine tumors are rare neoplasms usually accompanied with excessive secretion functional hormones of endocrine glands, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia 1(MEN1) and ectopic ACTH syndrome(EAS). As a kind of autoimmune disease, Sjogren’s syndrome(SS) is characterized by destruction of exocrine glands resulting in oral and ocular dryness and is usually related to thymic lesion. However, we present herein a rare case of thymic neuroendocrine tumor with primary Sjogren’s syndrome cured by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and thymectomy.Case presentation: A 70-year-old woman was diagnosed as neuroendocrine carcinoma by puncture with Sjogren’s syndrome(SS). Considering that the boundary between the tumor and the surrounding tissue is not clear，we chose two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy which regimen was etoposide and cisplatin. After treatment, the symptoms of Sjogren’s syndrome were partial relieved and therefore the patient underwent R0 resection. After one year of follow-up, apparent remission of the symptoms was achieved.Conclusions: We believe neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with radical surgery is an alternative treatment for locoregional resectable thymic neuroendocrine tumors. Because chemotherapy can lead to necrosis, it is a question whether the pathological grade of neuroendocrine tumors will be changed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Meanwhile, despite the fact that the association between thymic neuroendocrine tumors and Sjogren’s syndrome remains unclear, the latter may be co-treated by oncologic therapy of the former，thus it also provides a new treatment for Sjogren's syndrome.
Yield Stability of Contrasting Orchardgrass (Dactylis Glomerata L.) Genotypes Over the Years and Water Regimes&nbsp;
Authors: Saeidnia Fatemeh , Majidi Mohammad Mahdi , Mirlohi Aghafakhr , Dehghani Mohammad Reza , Hosseini Behnam 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Stability of combining ability and the nature and extent of genetic and genotype×environment interaction is poorly understood in orchardgrass especially under climate change conditions. In the present study, first-generation half-sib families of orchardgrass derived from the polycross of 25 parental genotypes were evaluated in the field during five years under two irrigation regimes of normal and water deficit. Considerable genotypic variation was observed among half-sib families for all of the evaluated traits, demonstrating high potential for improving these traits through half-sib mating. The effects of water deficit on dry forage yield increased from the first to fifth year and consequently declined the persistence of half-sib families. Results showed that both genetic and non-genetic gene actions played a role in the control of dry forage yield; indicating that selection based on an index would be more useful to attain genetic progress. Moreover, the estimates of narrow-sense heritability for most of the traits were higher under deficit irrigation, which is advantageous for successful selection. The stability of general combining ability, plant productivity, and drought tolerance clearly identified G4, G5, G6, and G14 as the superior and stable parental genotypes able to transmit both stability and forage productivity to their progenies.
The Use of Single-agent Versus Multiple-agent Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Peponis Thomas , Stafford Caitlin , Cusack James , Cauley Christy , Goldstone Robert , Berger David , Parikh Aparna , Bordeianou Liliana , Kunitake Hiroko , Francone Todd , Ricciardi Rocco 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The use of concurrent chemoradiotherapy is frequently recommended in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer however the ideal chemotherapy regimen remains unknown and there is variability in chemotherapy agents used among different institutions. We sought to examine differences in overall survival between patients receiving single versus multiple-agent concurrent chemoradiotherapy.Methods: The National Cancer Database was used to identify 31,025 patients with rectal cancer who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy between 01/2006 through 12/2016. We compared patients who received single-agent chemotherapy with those who received multiple-agent concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The primary outcome of interest was overall survival. The groups were compared using univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazard models to adjust for potential confounding factors. Results: 18,544 patients received single-agent and 12,481 patients received multiple-agent chemotherapy. The former were older with more comorbidities as evidenced by their higher Charlson-Deyo Scores. Those receiving multiple-agent chemotherapy were more likely to have clinical Stage III disease (52.9% vs 43.3%, p<0.001) and less likely to have well-differentiated cancer (6.9% vs 7.7%, p<0.001). The rates of negative resection margin were identical (p=0.225) between the two groups. On multivariable analysis after adjusting for comorbidities, radiation dose, and resection margins, single-agent chemotherapy was associated with worse overall survival (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.057-1.124, p<0.001). Conclusion: Multiple-agent chemoradiotherapy is associated with improved overall survival in locally advanced rectal cancer, however chemotherapy regimen does not affect resection margins. The modest overall survival benefit with multiple agent chemotherapy must be balanced with the potential associated toxicity.
Is the Proportion of Per Capita Fat Supply Associated With the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity? An Ecological Analysis
Authors: Swarnamali Hasinthi , Jayawardena Ranil , Chourdakis Michail , Ranasinghe Priyanga 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Although it is reported in numerous interventional and observational studies, that a low-fat diet consists an effective method to combat overweight and obesity,the relationship at the global population level is not well established. This study aimed to quantify the associations between worldwide per capita fat supply and prevalence of overweight and obesity and further classify this association based on per capita Gross National Income (GNI).Methods: A total of 93 countries from four GNI groups were selected. Country-specific overweight and obesity prevalence data were retrieved from the most recent WHO Global Health Observatory database. Per capita supply of fat and calorieswere obtained from the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization database; FAOSTAT, Food Balance Sheet for years 2014-2016. The categorizations of countries weredone based on GNI based classification by theWorld Bank.Results: Among the selected countries, the overweight prevalence ranged from 3.9% (India) to 78.8% (Kiribati), while obesity prevalence ranged from 3.6% (Bangladesh) to 46.0% (Kiribati). The highest and the lowest per capita fat supplyfrom total calorie supplywas documented in Australia (41.2%) and Madagascar (10.5%) respectively. A significant strong positive correlationwas observed between the prevalence of overweight (r=0.64, p<0.001) and obesity (r=0.59, p<0.001) with per capita fat supply. The lower ends of both trendlines were densely populated by the low- and lower-middle-income countries and the upper ends of both lines were greatly populated by the high-income countries.Conclusions: Per capita fat supply per country is significantly associated with both prevalences of overweight and obesity.
Analysis of COVID-19 Spike protein mutations and their effects on its affinity towards human cell receptors
Authors: Elbeji Abir 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) is a member of the family Coronaviridae and contains a single-stranded RNA genome with positive-polarity. In order to reveal the evolution mechanism of the SARS-CoV2 genome, in particular its spike protein; the main driving force for host recognition, we conducted a comparative analysis with Coronaviruses of different strains, including MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV1 and Pangolin Coronavirus. In addition, a comparative analysis between the newly sequenced SARS-CoV2 from different regions of the world has been carried out in order to understand the evolution of this novel virus throughout its transmission. Among all sequenced strains, the latest France HCoV was the least identical to the reference. Further investigations have therefore been performed and it has been concluded that this strain has undergone mutations which have increased its binding affinity to the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, thus hypothetically increasing its infectivity.
Bottom-up Fabrication and Atomic-scale Characterization of
Triply-linked, Laterally π-Extended Porphyrin Nanotapes
Authors: Sun Qiang , Mateo Luis , Robles Roberto , Lorente Nicolas , Ruffieux Pascal , Bottari Giovanni , Torres Tomas , Fasel Roman 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Porphyrin nanotapes (Por NTs) have attracted vast interest as potential molecular wires thanks to their exceptional electronic properties. Recently, Por NTs have been synthesized by solution-based methods, demonstrating high versatility and great potential for technological applications. However, their synthesis is tedious and their characterization limited by low solubility and stability. Here, we report the first example of meso-meso triply-fused Por NTs, which are prepared from a readily available Por precursor through a two-step synthesis on Au(111). The structural and electronic properties of individual Por NTs are addressed, both on Au(111) and on a thin insulating NaCl layer, by high-resolution scanning probe microscopy/spectroscopy complemented by density functional theory calculations. Remarkably, the triply-linked Por NTs carry one unpaired electron at each end, which leads to magnetic end states. Our study provides an alternative and versatile route to the fabrication of Por NTs and the atomic-scale characterizations of their structural and electronic properties.
Assessment of Relationship Between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Metabolic Syndrome Components in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Karahan Yılmaz Sevil , Mertoğlu Cuma , Ayaz Aylin 
Published: March 2021

Aim: This study is aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and metabolic syndrome in hemodialysis patients.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with participation of 80 patients undergoing hemodialysis for more than 6 months three times a week, aged > 18 years. Their height, dry weight, waist circumference were measured. Biochemical parameters such as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, lipid profile, and fasting blood glucose were analyzed. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Severe vitamin D deficiency, 25 (OH) vitamin D < 5 ng/ml; mild vitamin D deficiency, 25 (OH) vitamin D 5-15 ng/ml; vitamin D insufficiency, 25 (OH) vitamin D 16-30 ng/ml, and vitamin D sufficiency, 25 (OH) vitamin D > 30 ng/ml were categorized. Statistical analysis of the data was performed with the use of SPSS version 21.0.
Results: 48.4% of hemodialysis patients were identified to have metabolic syndrome. According to the serum levels of vitamin D; 35.0% of patients had severe vitamin D deficiency, 37.4% of patients had mild vitamin D deficiency, 18.8% of patients had vitamin D insufficiency and 8.8% of patients had vitamin D sufficiency (> 30 ng/ml). Vitamin D insufficiency was significantly associated with metabolic syndrome and central obesity.
Conclusions: Deficiency/insufficiency is observed in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in hemodialysis patients. Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with metabolic syndrome.
The Reliability of Remote Patient-Reported Outcome Measures via Mobile Apps to Replace Outpatient Visits After Rotator Cuff Repair Surgery: Repetitive Test-Retest Comparison Study for 1-Year Follow-up
Authors: Hong Taek Ho , Kim Myung Ku , Ryu Dong Jin , Park Jun Sung , Bae Gi Cheol , Jeon Yoon Sang 
Published: March 2021

Background
With the development of health care–related mobile apps, attempts have been made to implement remote patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). In order for remote PROMs to be widely used by mobile apps, the results should not be different depending on the location; that is, remote PROM results performed in locations other than hospitals should be able to obtain reliable results equivalent to those performed in hospitals, and this is very important. However, to our knowledge, there are no studies that have assessed the reliability of PROMs using mobile apps according to the location by comparing the results performed remotely from the hospital and performed at the outpatient visits.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of remote PROMs using mobile apps compared to PROMs performed during outpatient follow-up visits after arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Methods
A total of 174 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair completed questionnaires 2 days before visiting the clinic for the 1-, 2-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups (test A). The patients completed the questionnaires at the clinic (test B) using the same mobile app and device for the 1-, 2-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. Test-retest comparisons were performed to analyze the differences and reliability of the PROMs according to the period.

Results
Comparisons of tests A and B showed statistically significant differences at 1, 2, and 3 months (all Ps<.05 except for the ASES function scale at 3-months) but not 6 or 12 months after surgery (all Ps>.05). The intraclass correlation values between the two groups were relatively low at the 1-, 2-, and 3-month follow-ups but were within the reliable range at 6 and 12 months after surgery. The rate of completion of tests A and B using the mobile app was significantly lower in the group older than 70 years than in the other groups for all postoperative periods (P<.001).

Conclusions
PROMs using mobile apps with different locations differed soon after surgery but were reliably similar after 6 months. The remote PROMs using mobile apps could be used reliably for the patient more than 6 months after surgery. However, it is to be expected that the use of mobile app–based questionnaires is not as useful in the group older than 70 years as in other age groups.
Insights From the SmokeFree.gov Initiative Regarding the Use of Smoking Cessation Digital Platforms During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Trends Analysis Study
Authors: El-Toukhy Sherine 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundSmoking is a plausible risk factor for COVID-19 progression and complications. Smoking cessation digital platforms transcend pandemic-driven social distancing and lockdown measures in terms of assisting smokers in their quit attempts.ObjectiveThis study aims to examine trends in the number of visitors, followers, and subscribers on smoking cessation digital platforms from January to April 2020 and to compare these traffic data to those observed during the same 4-month period in 2019. The examination of prepandemic and postpandemic trends in smoking cessation digital platform traffic can reveal whether interest in smoking cessation among smokers is attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe obtained cross-sectional data from daily visitors on the SmokeFree website; the followers of six SmokeFree social media accounts; and subscribers to the SmokeFree SMS text messaging and mobile app interventions of the National Cancer Institute’s SmokeFree.gov initiative platforms, which are publicly available to US smokers. Average daily percentage changes (ADPCs) were used to measure trends for the entire 2020 and 2019 study periods, whereas daily percentage changes (DPCs) were used to measure trends for each time segment of change within each 4-month period. Data analysis was conducted in May and June 2020.ResultsThe number of new daily visitors on the SmokeFree website (between days 39 and 44: DPC=18.79%; 95% CI 5.16% to 34.19%) and subscribers to the adult-focused interventions QuitGuide (between days 11 and 62: DPC=1.11%; 95% CI 0.80% to 1.43%) and SmokeFreeTXT (between days 11 and 89: DPC=0.23%; 95% CI 0.004% to 0.47%) increased, but this was followed by declines in traffic. No comparable peaks were observed in 2019. The number of new daily subscribers to quitSTART (ie, the teen-focused intervention) trended downward in 2020 (ADPC=−1.02%; 95% CI −1.88% to −0.15%), whereas the overall trend in the number of subscribers in 2019 was insignificant (P=.07). The number of SmokeFree social media account followers steadily increased by <0.1% over the 4-month study periods in 2019 and 2020.ConclusionsPeaks in traffic on the SmokeFree website and adult-focused intervention platforms in 2020 could be attributed to an increased interest in smoking cessation among smokers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Coordinated campaigns, especially those for adolescents, should emphasize the importance of smoking cessation as a preventive measure against SARS-CoV-2 infection and raise awareness of digital smoking cessation platforms to capitalize on smokers’ heightened interest during the pandemic.