bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of circulating B-type natriuretic peptide with osteoporosis in a Chinese type 2 diabetic population
Authors: Chen Pan , Yan Pijun , Wan Qin , Zhang Zhihong , Xu Yong , Miao Ying , Yang Jun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Altered circulating levels and genetic variation of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), has been associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD) values and incidence of osteoporosis in peritoneal dialysis patients, renal transplant recipients, and postmenopausal women. The potential relationship of circulating BNP with osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), however, has not yet been studied.

Methods
Circulating BNP levels were measured in 314 patients with T2DM, and participants were divided into normal BMD group (n = 73), osteopenia group (n = 120), and osteoporosis group (n = 121). The association of circulating BNP with diabetic osteoporosis and other parameters was analyzed.

Results
Circulating BNP was significantly higher in diabetic osteoporosis subjects than normal and osteopenia groups (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Circulating BNP levels correlated significantly and positively with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, systolic blood pressure, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and prevalence of hypertension, peripheral arterial disease, diabetic retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and nephropathy, and negatively with triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, lymphocyte count, hemoglobin, estimated glomerular filtration rate, bilirubin, osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians, BMD at different skeletal sites and corresponding T scores (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). After multivariate adjustment, circulating BNP remained independently significantly associated with the presence of osteoporosis (odds ratio, 2.710; 95% confidence interval, 1.690–4.344; P < 0.01). BMD at the femoral neck and total hip and corresponding T scores were progressively decreased, whereas the prevalence of osteoporosis was progressively increased with increasing BNP quartiles (P for trend< 0.01). Moreover, receiver-operating characteristic analysis revealed that the optimal cutoff point of circulating BNP to indicate diabetic osteoporosis was 16.35 pg/ml.

Conclusions
Circulating BNP level may be associated with the development of osteoporosis, and may be a potential biomarker for diabetic osteoporosis.
A giant posterior mediastinal malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor and benign neurofibroma in body surface: a case report
Authors: Zhang Yan , Cai Hongfei , Lv Guangchao , Li Yang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Neurofibromatosis comprises neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and type 2 (NF2). Major tumor type of NF1 are neurofibroma recognized as benign peripheral nerve tumor, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), and glioma.

Case presentation
We report a woman with a special condition, whose tumors in body surfaces were benign neurofibroma and tumors in posterior mediastinum are MPNST. The chest-enhanced CT suggested a round soft tissue density in posteriormediastium. The diagnosis was established by pathology and immunohistochemistry. A single-stage thoracoscopic mediastinal mass resection was performed. The whole operation went smoothly and the CT scan of lungs did not show relapse of tumor three months later.

Conclusions
The appearance of neurofibroma should draw particular attention to the possibility of developing MPNST. More careful imaging examinations should be carried out, and pathological examination could diagnose it.
Bilateral electrical pudendal nerve stimulation as additional therapy for lower urinary tract dysfunction when stage II sacral neuromodulator fails: a case report
Authors: Chen Shan , Wang Siyou , Gao Yunqiu , Lu Xiaolian , Yan Jiasheng , Xuan Lihua , Wang Shenhong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) has become an effective therapy for patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) who do not respond to conservative treatment. However, an effective treatment strategy for patients who fail SNM has not yet been identified. An option for LUTD is needed when the clinical response to the SNM diminishes.

Case presentation
A 51-year-old Chinese man presented to an outpatient clinic complaining of difficulty in urination for > 3 years. The patient also complained of urinary frequency and urgency, accompanied by perineal discomfort. He was diagnosed with LUTD based on his symptoms and previous examinations. The patient underwent sacral neuromodulation with a permanent implantable pulse generator (IPG) (provided free of charge by Chengnuo Medical Technology Co., Ltd.; General Stim, Hangzhou, China) in the left buttock, as he participated in the company’s clinical trial to test the long-term effects of IPG. He reported loss of efficacy of the device 3 months after the implantation. We performed bilateral electrical pudendal nerve stimulation (EPNS) therapy for him. After 2 weeks of treatment, he began to report smooth voiding within 2 h after EPNS, and a moderate improvement in urinary frequency, urgency, and perineal discomfort. After 4 weeks of EPNS, the patient reported > 50% improvement in his urination, evaluated with the short form of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire for Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms. He reported smooth voiding, moderate improvements in urinary frequency and urgency, and the disappearance of the perineal discomfort. He also reported improved sleep and erections. The patient was discharged after 8 weeks of EPNS treatment.

Conclusion
EPNS could be an option as an additional therapy for patients with LUTD who have failed SNM.
Documented diabetes care among older people receiving home care services: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Heimro Lovise S. , Hermann Monica , Davies Therese Thuen , Haugstvedt Anne , Haltbakk Johannes , Graue Marit 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundHome care services plays an important role in diabetes management, and to enable older adults remain home-dwellers. Adequate follow-up and systematic nursing documentation are necessary elements in high quality diabetes care. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the diabetes treatment and management for older persons with diabetes receiving home care services.MethodsA cross-sectional study was used to assess the diabetes treatment and management in a Norwegian municipality. Demographic (age, sex, living situation) and clinical data (diabetes diagnose, type of glucose lowering treatment, diabetes-related comorbidities, functional status) were collected from electronic home care records. Also, information on diabetes management; i.e. follow-up routines on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), self-monitoring of blood glucose, insulin administration and risk factors (blood pressure, body mass index and nutritional status) were registered. HbA1cwas measured upon inclusion. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied in the data analysis.ResultsA total of 92 home care records from older home-dwelling persons with diabetes, aged 66–99 years were assessed. Only 52 (57 %) of the individuals had the diabetes diagnosis documented in the home care record. A routine for self-monitoring of blood glucose was documented for 27 (29 %) of the individuals. Only 2 (2 %) had individual target for HbA1cdocumented and only 3 (3 %) had a documented routine for measuring HbA1cas recommended in international guidelines. Among 30 insulin treated older individuals, a description of the insulin regimen lacked in 4 (13 %) of the home care records. Also, documentation on who performed self-monitoring of blood glucose was unclear or lacking for 5 (17 %) individuals.ConclusionsThe study demonstrates lack of documentation in home care records with respect to diagnosis, treatment goals and routines for monitoring of blood glucose, as well as insufficient documentation on responsibilities of diabetes management among older home-dwelling adults living with diabetes. This indicates that home care services may be suboptimal and a potential threat to patient safety.
Three case reports of patients indicating the diversity of molecular and clinical features of 16p11.2 microdeletion anomaly
Authors: Szelest Monika , Stefaniak Martyna , Ręka Gabriela , Jaszczuk Ilona , Lejman Monika 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
16p11.2 microdeletion is a known chromosomal anomaly associated mainly with neurocognitive developmental delay, predisposition to obesity, and variable dysmorphism. Although this deletion is relatively rare among the general population, it is one of the serious known genetic aetiologies of obesity and autism spectrum disorder.

Case presentation
This study presents three cases of deletions within the 16p11.2 region. Every child had mild variable craniofacial abnormalities, hand or foot anomalies and developmental and language delays. The first proband had obesity, epilepsy, moderate intellectual disability, aphasia, motor delay, hyperinsulinism, and café au lait spots. The second proband suffered from cardiac, pulmonary, and haematological problems. The third proband had motor and language delays, bronchial asthma, and umbilical hernia. Although each patient presented some features of the syndrome, the children differed in terms of their clinical pictures. Genetic diagnosis of 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome was made in children at different ages based on multiplex ligation probe-dependent amplification analysis and/or microarray methods.

Conclusions
Our reports allow us to analyse and better understand the biology of 16p11.2 microdeletion throughout development. However, the variability of presented cases supports the alternate conclusion to this presented in available literature regarding 16p11.2 deletion, as we observed no direct cause-and-effect genotype/phenotype relationships. The reported cases indicate the key role of the interdisciplinary approach in 16p11.2 deletion diagnostics. The care of patients with this anomaly is based on regular health assessment and adjustment of nervous system development therapy.
The diagnostic value of EBV-DNA and EBV-related antibodies detection for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Weixing , Chen Gui , Gong Xin , Wang Yingqi , Zheng Yaoming , Liao Xiao , Liao Wenjing , Song Lijuan , Xu Jun , Zhang Xiaowen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Numerous individual studies have investigated the diagnostic value of EBV-DNA, EA-IgA, VCA-IgA, EBNA1-IgA and Rta-IgG detection for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the conclusions remain controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the value of EBV-DNA, EA-IgA, VCA-IgA, EBNA1-IgA and Rta-IgG detection in the diagnosis of NPC.

Methods
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019145532. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Chinese data libraries (Wanfang, CNKI, and CBM) were searched up to January 2019. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood, negative likelihood, and diagnostic odds ratios were conducted in this meta-analysis. Summary receiver operating characteristic curves evaluated the test-performance global summary. Publication bias was examined by Deek’s funnel plot asymmetry test.

Results
Forty-seven studies with 8382 NPC patients (NPC group) and 15,089 individuals without NPC (Control group) were included in this meta-analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood (+ LR), negative likelihood (-LR), DOR and AUC of EBV-DNA in diagnosis of NPC were: 0.76 (95% CI 0.73–0.77), 0.96 (95% CI 0.95–0.97), 14.66 (95% CI 9.97–21.55), 0.19 (95% CI 0.13–0.28), 84 (95% CI 50.45–139.88), 0.96 (SE: 0.001), and 0.55 (95% CI 0.54–0.57), 0.96 (95% CI 0.96–0.97), 12.91 (95% CI 9.55–17.45), 0.35 (95% CI 0.29–0.43), 39.57 (95% CI 26.44–59.23), 0.94 (SE: 0.002) for the EA-IgA, and 0.85 (95% CI 0.84–0.85), 0.89 (95% CI 0.88–0.89), 6.73 (95% CI5.38–8.43), 0.17 (95% CI 0.12–0.23), 43.03 (95% CI 31.51–58.76), 0.93 (SE: 0.007) for the VCA-IgA, and 0.86 (95% CI 0.85–0.88), 0.87 (95% CI 0.88–0.90), 7.55 (95% CI 5.79–9.87), 0.16 (95% CI 0.13–0.19), 50.95 (95% CI 34.35–75.57), 0.94 (SE: 0.008) for the EBNA1-IgA, and 0.70 (95% CI 0.69–0.71), 0.94 (95% CI 0.94–0.95), 9.84 (95% CI 8.40–11.54), 0.25 (95% CI 0.21–0.31), 40.59 (95% CI 32.09–51.35), 0.95 (SE: 0.005) for the Rta-IgG. The EBV-DNA had larger AUC compared with other EBV-based antibodies (P < 0.05), while the difference between EA-IgA, VCA-IgA, EBNA1-IgA and Rta-IgG was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
EBV-DNA, VCA-IgA, EBNA1-IgA and Rta-IgG detection have high accuracy in early diagnosis NPC. In addition, EBV-DNA detection has the higher diagnosis accuracy in NPC. On the other hand, EA-IgA is suitable for the diagnosis but not NPC screening.
A longitudinal analysis of violence and healthcare service utilization in Mexico
Authors: Vargas Laura X. , Richmond Therese S. , Allen Heidi L. , Meisel Zachary F. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives
We analyze the degree to which community violence in Mexico, largely due to organized crime violence, affects health care service utilization.

Methods
This study exploits temporal and geographic variation in monthly county-level homicide rates, matching outpatient service utilization from individual longitudinal measures. Sensitivity analyses test for an age specific concentration of violence, respiratory conditions that are likely unrelated to violence, insurance status and health center availability per capita. We test for distributional responses to violence by urban and rural localities.

Results
The likelihood of service utilization increases by 5.2% with each additional homicide per 100,000. When we include self-reported health conditions in the model, our main coefficient remains significant at 4.5%. We find no added effect to our results from interaction terms for age specific concentration of violence, respiratory conditions, insurance status, or health center availability. A substantial increase of 11.7% in the likelihood of service utilization occurs in localities with > = 100,000 inhabitants, suggesting that service utilization is sensitive to the location of violence.

Conclusions
Results highlight the relationship between and increase in violence at the local level and an increase in health care service utilization. This study is among the first to examine this relationship empirically in Mexico. Future research is needed to shed more light on this relationship and its mechanisms.
Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Trunk Impairment Scale in people with a stroke
Authors: Zhao Jie , Chau Janita Pak Chun , Zang Yuli , Choi Kai Chow , He Rong , Zhao Yali , Xiang Xiaoqi , Li Qin , Thompson David R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) has been translated into Chinese, but the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the TIS (TIS-C) have not yet been established. We aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the TIS-C for assessing sitting balance among Chinese people with a stroke.MethodsA descriptive, cross-sectional design was used. We recruited a convenience sample of 170 subacute stroke patients aged 18 years or over from the neurology departments of four traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in China. Patients completed the TIS-C, the Berg Balance Scale and the Modified Barthel Index. The psychometric properties of the TIS-C were examined to establish test–retest reliability, internal consistency, equivalence, and content, criterion, and construct validity.ResultsIntraclass correlation coefficients for inter-rater and intra-rater reliability ranged from 0.75 to 0.89 and from 0.90 to 0.97, respectively. The TIS-C Cronbach α was 0.86. The strong correlation between the total score of the TIS-C and the Berg Balance Scale (rs= 0.81,p < 0.001) or Modified Barthel Index (rs= 0.84,p < 0.001) suggested good concurrent and convergent validity, respectively. Known-group validity was supported by the significant difference (p < 0.001) in TIS-C scores between participants with mild and moderate stroke.ConclusionsThe TIS-C is a valid and reliable tool for assessing static and dynamic sitting balance as well as coordination of trunk movement among stroke survivors with mild and moderate stroke.
Rapid prioritisation of topics for rapid evaluation: the case of innovations in adult social care and social work
Authors: Cowan Katherine , Fulop Naomi J. , Harshfield Amelia , Ng Pei Li , Ntouva Antiopi , Sidhu Manbinder , Sussex Jon , Tomini Sonila M. , Walton Holly 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Prioritisation processes are widely used in healthcare research and increasingly in social care research. Previous research has recommended using consensus development methods for inclusive research agenda setting. This research has highlighted the need for transparent and systematic methods for priority setting. Yet there has been little research on how to conduct prioritisation processes using rapid methods. This is a particular concern when prioritisation needs to happen rapidly. This paper aims to describe and discuss a process of rapidly identifying and prioritising a shortlist of innovations for rapid evaluation applied in the field of adult social care and social work.

Method
We adapted the James Lind Alliance approach to priority setting for rapid use. We followed four stages: (1) Identified a long list of innovations, (2) Developed shortlisting criteria, (3) Grouped and sifted innovations, and (4) Prioritised innovations in a multi-stakeholder workshop (n = 23). Project initiation through to completion of the final report took four months.

Results
Twenty innovations were included in the final shortlist (out of 158 suggested innovations). The top five innovations for evaluation were identified and findings highlighted key themes which influenced prioritisation. The top five priorities (listed here in alphabetical order) were: Care coordination for dementia in the community, family group conferencing, Greenwich prisons social care, local area coordination and MySense.Ai. Feedback from workshop participants (n = 15) highlighted tensions from using a rapid process (e.g. challenges of reaching consensus in one workshop).

Conclusion
The method outlined in this manuscript can be used to rapidly prioritise innovations for evaluation in a feasible and robust way. We outline some implications and compromises of rapid prioritisation processes for future users of this approach to consider.
Signaling pathways in intestinal homeostasis and colorectal cancer: KRAS at centre stage
Authors: Ternet Camille , Kiel Christina 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe intestinal epithelium acts as a physical barrier that separates the intestinal microbiota from the host and is critical for preserving intestinal homeostasis. The barrier is formed by tightly linked intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) (i.e. enterocytes, goblet cells, neuroendocrine cells, tuft cells, Paneth cells, and M cells), which constantly self-renew and shed. IECs also communicate with microbiota, coordinate innate and adaptive effector cell functions. In this review, we summarize the signaling pathways contributing to intestinal cell fates and homeostasis functions. We focus especially on intestinal stem cell proliferation, cell junction formation, remodelling, hypoxia, the impact of intestinal microbiota, the immune system, inflammation, and metabolism. Recognizing the critical role of KRAS mutants in colorectal cancer, we highlight the connections of KRAS signaling pathways in coordinating these functions. Furthermore, we review the impact of KRAS colorectal cancer mutants on pathway rewiring associated with disruption and dysfunction of the normal intestinal homeostasis. Given that KRAS is still considered undruggable and the development of treatments that directly target KRAS are unlikely, we discuss the suitability of targeting pathways downstream of KRAS as well as alterations of cell extrinsic/microenvironmental factors as possible targets for modulating signaling pathways in colorectal cancer.
Longitudinal association between an overall diet quality index and latent profiles of cardiovascular risk factors: results from a population based 13-year follow up cohort study
Authors: Nouri Fatemeh , Sadeghi Masoumeh , Mohammadifard Noushin , Roohafza Hamidreza , Feizi Awat , Sarrafzadegan Nizal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are associated with an unhealthy lifestyle, including poor diet. Indices reflecting the overall quality of diets are more effective than single food or nutrient-based approaches in clarifying the diet disease relationship. The present study aims to use latent variable modeling to examine the longitudinal joint relationships between the latent profiles of CVDs risk factors and the diet quality index (DQI).MethodsA total of 4390 Iranian adults aged 35 and older within the framework of the Isfahan Cohort Study were included in the current secondary analysis. DQI focused on food groups, including fast foods, sweets, vegetables, fruits, fats, and proteins, based on a validated food frequency questionnaire. The score of DQI has a range between 0 (indicating healthy and high diet quality) and 2 (indicating unhealthy and low diet quality). Blood pressure (BP), anthropometric measurements, blood glucose, serum lipids, and high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) were measured according to standard protocols in 2001, 2007, and 2013 to evaluate the profiles of CVDs risk factors. A Bayesian Multidimensional Graded Responses Linear Mixed Model was used for data analysis.ResultsAt baseline, the participants’ mean ± standard deviation age was 50.09 ± 11.21, and 49.5% of them were male. Three latent profiles of CVDs risk factors were derived: (1) Fit Pre-Metabolic Syndrome (FPMS) profile characterized by normal anthropometric indices and some impaired metabolic risk factors; (2) DysLipoproteinemia Central Obese (DLCO) profile with abdominal obesity and impaired low-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as other normal risk factors; (3) Impaired Laboratory Inflammatory State (ILIS) profile with impaired high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hs-CRP and other normal risk factors. In general, higher scores of the extracted latent profiles indicated more impaired function in the related risk factors. After controlling for various potential fixed and time-varying confounding variables, a significant positive longitudinal association was found between FPMS, DLCO, and ILIS profiles and DQI (β (95% CrI): 0.26 (0.03,0.51), 0.14 (0.01,0.27), and 0.24 (0.11,0.38), respectively), demonstrating that lower overall diet quality was associated with more impaired function of the related risk factors.ConclusionsMore adherence to a healthy quality diet is associated with lower levels of all emerging latent profiles of CVDs risk factors. Increasing the knowledge of the community about the importance of the quality of consumed foods may help to prevent CVDs. It is recommended that further investigations, particularly interventional studies, be conducted to confirm our results.