bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19’s U.S. Temperature Response Profile
Authors: Carson Richard T. , Carson Samuel L. , Dye Thayne K. , Mayfield Samuel A. , Moyer Daniel C. , Yu Chu A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe estimate the U.S. temperature response profile (TRP) for COVID-19 and show it is highly sensitive to temperature variation. Replacing the erratic daily death counts U.S. states initially reported with counts based on death certificate date, we build a week-ahead statistical forecasting model that explains most of their daily variation (R2 = 0.97) and isolates COVID-19’s TRP (p < 0.001). These counts, normalized at 31 °C (U.S. mid-summer average), scale up to 160% at 5 °C in the static case where the infection pool is held constant. Positive case counts are substantially more temperature sensitive. When temperatures are declining, dynamic feedback through a growing infection pool can substantially amplify these temperature effects. Our estimated TRP can be incorporated into COVID-related planning exercises and used as an input to SEIR models employed for longer run forecasting. For the former, we show how our TRP is predictive of the realized pattern of growth rates in per capita positive cases across states five months after the end of our sample period. For the latter, we show the variation in herd immunity levels implied by temperature-driven, time-varying R0series for the Alpha and Delta variants of COVID-19 for several representative states.
Branching processes with immigration in atypical random environment
Authors: Foss Sergey , Korshunov Dmitry , Palmowski Zbigniew 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMotivated by a seminal paper of Kesten et al. (Ann. Probab., 3(1), 1–31, 1975) we consider a branching process with a conditional geometric offspring distribution with i.i.d. random environmental parameters An, n ≥ 1 and with one immigrant in each generation. In contrast to above mentioned paper we assume that the environment is long-tailed, that is that the distribution F of $\xi _{n}:=\log ((1-A_{n})/A_{n})$

ξ

n

:
=
log
(
(
1
−

A

n

)
/

A

n

)
is long-tailed. We prove that although the offspring distribution is light-tailed, the environment itself can produce extremely heavy tails of the distribution of the population size in the n th generation which becomes even heavier with increase of n. More precisely, we prove that, for all n, the distribution tail $\mathbb {P}(Z_{n} \ge m)$
ℙ
(

Z

n

≥
m
)
of the n th population size Zn is asymptotically equivalent to $n\overline F(\log m)$
n

F

¯

(
log
m
)
as m grows. In this way we generalise Bhattacharya and Palmowski (Stat. Probab. Lett., 154, 108550, 2019) who proved this result in the case n = 1 for regularly varying environment F with parameter α > 1. Further, for a subcritical branching process with subexponentially distributed ξn, we provide the asymptotics for the distribution tail $\mathbb {P}(Z_{n}>m)$
ℙ
(

Z

n

>
m
)
which are valid uniformly for all n, and also for the stationary tail distribution. Then we establish the “principle of a single atypical environment” which says that the main cause for the number of particles to be large is the presence of a single very small environmental parameter Ak.
Distributional effects of macroeconomic shocks in real-time
Authors: Bruckmeier Kerstin , Peichl Andreas , Popp Martin , Wiemers Jürgen , Wollmershäuser Timo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe highly dynamic nature of the COVID-19 crisis poses an unprecedented challenge to policy makers around the world to take appropriate income-stabilizing countermeasures. To properly design such policy measures, it is important to quantify their effects in real-time. However, data on the relevant outcomes at the micro level is usually only available with considerable time lags. In this paper, we propose a novel method to assess the distributional consequences of macroeconomic shocks and policy responses in real-time and provide the first application to Germany in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, our approach combines different economic models estimated on firm- and household-level data: a VAR-model for output expectations, a structural labor demand model, and a tax-benefit microsimulation model. Our findings show that as of September 2020 the COVID-19 shock translates into a noticeable reduction in gross labor income across the entire income distribution. However, the tax benefit system and discretionary policy responses to the crisis act as important income stabilizers, since the effect on the distribution of disposable household incomes turns progressive: the bottom two deciles actually gain income, the middle deciles are hardly affected, and only the upper deciles lose income.
Order Distances and Split Systems
Authors: Moulton Vincent , Spillner Andreas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGiven a pairwise distanceDon the elements in a finite setX, theorder distanceΔ(D)onXis defined by first associating a total preorder ≼xonXto eachx∈Xbased onD, and then quantifying the pairwise disagreement between these total preorders. The order distance can be useful in relational analyses because usingΔ(D)instead ofDmay make such analyses less sensitive to small variations inD. Relatively little is known about properties ofΔ(D)for general distancesD. Indeed, nearly all previous work has focused on understanding the order distance of atreelike distance, that is, a distance that arises as the shortest path distances in a tree with non-negative edge weights andXmapped into its vertex set. In this paper we study the order distanceΔ(D)for distancesDthat can be decomposed into sums of simpler distances called split-distances. Such distancesDgeneralize treelike distances, and have applications in areas such as classification theory and phylogenetics.
Health-related quality of life among breast cancer patients compared to cancer survivors and age-matched women in the general population in Vietnam
Authors: Ngan Tran Thu , Mai Vu Quynh , Van Minh Hoang , Donnelly Michael , O’Neill Ciaran 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This study compared the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of breast cancer (BC) patients, survivors, and age-matched women from the general population in Vietnam to address the paucity of HRQoL research and contribute to the robust assessment of BC screening and care in Vietnam.

Methods
The standardised EQ-5D-5L instrument was incorporated in an online survey and a hospital-based face-to-face survey, and together with data from the Vietnam EQ-5D-5L norms study. χ2 tests assessed EQ-5D health profile associations and a Tobit regression model investigated the association between overall health status (EQ-VAS/utility scores) and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.

Results
A total of 309 participants (107 patients undergoing treatment and 202 survivors who had completed treatment) provided usable responses. The dimensions that affected mostly the HRQoL of women with BC were pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Current patients and survivors differed significantly regarding HRQoL dimensions of mobility, self-care, usual activities, and anxiety/depression. Their health utilities were 0.74 and 0.84, respectively, compared with 0.91 for age-matched Vietnamese women in the general population (p < 0.001). Treatment status (survivor vs patient), younger age, higher monthly household income, and higher education levels were associated with higher health utility.

Conclusions
The results point to unmet needs in mental health support and well-being and for attention to be given to the development of a biopsychosocial system of cancer diagnosis, treatment, and care. The results will also inform future assessments of the comparative value for money of interventions intended to impact on breast cancer in Vietnam.
Apparent digestibility and nutritional composition of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) leaf meal incorporated in the diets of Black Australorp and Potchefstroom Koekoek chicken breeds
Authors: Thamaga Marupine Windy , Mokoboki Hilda Kwena , Sebola Nthabiseng Amenda , Ravhuhali Khuliso Emmanuel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe objective of the study was to determine the apparent digestibility and nutrient composition of Leucaena leucocephala leaf meal (LLM) inclusion in Black Australorp and Potchefstroom Koekoek diets. Tender and mature leaves were separately harvested from 10 individual trees and stored separately for chemical analyses. The leaves were air-dried in a well-ventilated laboratory to constant weight and milled to pass through a 1-mm sieve. A mixture of tender and mature leaves was also collected to produce a bulk leaf meal. The four iso-nitrogenous dietary treatments were 0 (control), 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5% of LLM, respectively. The apparent digestibility of two chicken breeds was also evaluated. The dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), ether extract (EE), cellulose and hemicellulose of the samples did not differ between tender and mature leaves. Tender leaves had higher (P < 0.05) calcium, potassium, magnesium and sodium concentration than mature leaves. Crude protein and mimosine content were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in tender than in mature leaves. The inclusion levels of L. leucocephala leaf meal affect (P < 0.05) acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and crude protein (CP) digestibility. Crude protein digestibility decreases as the inclusion levels of L. leucocephala increase. Both tender and mature L. leucocephala leaves have a potential nutritional value that can be used in feedstuff and can be used as a protein supplement for Black Australorp and Potchefstroom Koekoek chicken breeds.
The Therapeutic Strategies for SLE by Targeting Anti-dsDNA Antibodies
Authors: Wang Yaqi , Xiao Shengxiang , Xia Yumin , Wang Huixia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by diverse serological autoantibodies. Anti-dsDNA antibodies are involved in multiple organ damage, especially the kidney, skin, and central nervous system. Anti-dsDNA antibodies play a pivotal role in SLE, and researchers have developed therapeutic strategies targeting these antibodies. Approaches to reduce anti-dsDNA antibodies via B cell targeted biologics against B cell surface antigens, B cell survival factors, or Bruton’s tyrosine kinase have effectively eliminated B cells. However, their non-specific depletion hampers normal immune system functioning and limits the therapeutic benefits. Thus, scientists have attempted anti-dsDNA antibodies or lupus-specific strategies, such as the immature dendritic cell vaccine and immunoadsorption. Recently, synthetic mimic peptides (hCDR1, pCONs, DWEYS, FISLE-412, and ALW) that directly block anti-dsDNA autoantibodies have attracted attention, which could ameliorate lupus, decrease the serological autoantibody titer, reduce the deposition of renal autoantibodies, and improve pathological performance. These potent small peptide molecules are well tolerated, non-toxic, and non-immunogenic, which have demonstrated a benign safety profile and are expected to be hopeful candidates for SLE management. In this review, we clarify the role of anti-dsDNA antibodies in SLE, mainly focus on the current strategies targeting anti-dsDNA antibodies, and discuss their potential clinical value.
Techno-economic comparison of technology options for deep decarbonization and electrification of residential heating.
Authors: Zuberi M. J. S. , Chambers J. , Patel M. K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study aims to provide detailed information on the key technologies that utilize renewables for decarbonization and electrification of the residential heating sector. To contextualize and compare the economics of the technologies, a levelized cost model is employed to perform a comparative analysis for a dense urban area in Switzerland. The outcome shows that decarbonization of the heat supply with a dominant share of renewables is feasible, but it is challenged by the high cost of some options. In the given context (current energy and CO2 prices, no coercive measures), the rapid shift from conventional boilers to electrification via decentralized heat pumps and/or the introduction of targeted small-scale thermal energy networks utilizing cheap local resources like industrial excess heat is the most viable option. The replacement of natural gas boilers with electrification technologies also is recommendable because it would result in a sixfold reduction in specific CO2 emissions. Wide-scale application of heat pumps may require significant electricity grid reinforcement which ultimately may escalate the costs. Large-scale district heating systems are currently relatively expensive due to the high network costs and require a sustainable financing mechanism. To speed up the energy transition, policy interventions by the government are urgently needed.
Study of the salinity and pH dilution pattern of discharged brine of the Konarak desalination plant into the Chabahar bay: a case study
Authors: Noori Farahnaz , Zahedi Mir Mahdi , Bayati-Comitaki Atefe , Ziyaadini Morteza 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis research aims to study the salinity and pH dilution pattern of discharged brine of the Konarak desalination plant into the Chabahar bay, their relation on coastal environment, and type of its brine discharge. Due to the shallow water depth of the coast and type of brine discharge, evaluating the salinity and pH was done with a sampling of surface seawater. The type of brine disposal is a direct surface discharge of negatively buoyant flow in the coastal environment of Chabahar bay. The brine discharge mechanism is a shore-attached surface jet, which is most likely influenced by the cross-flow deflection, dynamic shoreline interaction, and more minor by bottom attachment factors. The laboratory simulations using actual brine and seawater and either satellite pictures support the finding dilution pattern. The zone of initial dilution is under 50 m which, in the long run, can affect the quality of water of intake seawater pool of the plant.
Dual-phase flow in two-layer porous media: a radial composite Laplace domain approximation
Authors: Mastbaum Ana Luiza , Bosso de Souza Ayla , Lailla Ferreira Bittencourt Neto Jéssica , Vieira Bela Renan , Borges Barreto Abelardo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe main purpose of this work is to present an interpretation method for injectivity test in a two-layer reservoir that can be extended to a multilayer approach, based on new analytical solutions to the well pressure response. The developed formulation uses a radially composite reservoir approach and considers that the water front propagation may be approximated by a piston-like flow displacement. The reservoir is assumed to be laterally infinite and properties such as permeability and porosity may be different in each layer. The solutions were developed in the Laplace domain and then inverted to real domain using the Stehfest Algorithm. The proposed formulation was then validated by comparison with a numerical flow simulator. Results showed a good agreement between the numerical simulator and the analytical model. Also, a sensitivity study was done by comparing the results of different scenarios varying oil viscosities and injection flow rate to assess how these properties affect the pressure and pressure derivative profiles.
Resistive switching and optical properties of strontium ferrate titanate thin film prepared via chemical solution deposition
Authors: Li Jun , Tang Xingui , Liu Qiuxiang , Jiang Yanping , Tang Zhenxun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe polycrystalline strontium ferrate titanate (SrFe0.1Ti0.9O3, SFTO) thin films have been successfully prepared by chemical solution method. By analyzing the current-voltage (I–V) characteristics, we discuss the conduction mechanism of SFTO. It is found that the number of oxygen vacancy defects is increased by Fe ion doping, making SFTO be with better resistive switching property. Fe ion doping can also enhance the absorption of strontium titanate to be exposed to visible light, which is associated with the change of energy band. The band gap width (2.84 eV) of SFTO films is figured out, which is less than that of pure strontium titanate. Due to more oxygen vacancy defects caused by Fe ion doping, the band gap width of strontium titanate was reduced slightly. The defect types of SFTO thin films can be determined by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. In addition, we analyzed the energy band and state density of SFTO by first-principles calculation based on density functional theory, and found that Fe ion doping can reduce the band gap width of strontium titanate with micro-regulation on the band structure. A chemical state of SFTO was analyzed by X-ray photo electron spectroscopy. At the same time, the structure and morphology of SFTO were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. This study deepens further understanding of the influence of Fe ion doping on the structure and properties of strontium ferrate titanate, which is expected to be a functional thin film material for memristor devices.
Andino-Catholic Rituals in Automobile Bolivia: Bendiciones, Ch’allas and K’oas Performed by Drivers from Chuquisaca
Authors: Moser Manuel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the article, I explore different motorcar blessing rituals undertaken by drivers from the Bolivian region of Chuquisaca, while centering primary my description on the side of the doing of the rituals and only linking them on a second stage to individual meaning and theological reflections. In that way, I show that the interviewed drivers differentiate the performed rituals first of all by their components (and not by their addressees) and consider all three of them as necessary parts of Catholic faith regardless of the positioning of the clerics. The interviewed drivers attribute effects of safe driving and economic successes to the rituals, but also experience them as partly linked to accidents and incidents and by consequence increase in the aftermath of misfortunes their ritual offerings. Therefore, I conclude that drivers of automobile Bolivia through the performed rituals are reproducing a social system of reciprocity that goes beyond human counterparts and that religious synthesis in their reflections is to be understood as a reaction from below (rather than a cause) to anti-syncretistic discourses amid religious elites.
Design Space Constraints and the Cultural Taxonomy of European Final Palaeolithic Large Tanged Points: A Comparison of Typological, Landmark-Based and Whole-Outline Geometric Morphometric Approaches
Authors: Matzig David N. , Hussain Shumon T. , Riede Felix 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe identification of material culture variability remains an important goal in archaeology, as such variability is commonly coupled with interpretations of cultural transmission and adaptation. While most archaeological cultures are defined on the basis of typology and research tradition, cultural evolutionary reasoning combined with computer-aided methods such as geometric morphometrics (GMM) can shed new light on the validity of many such entrenched groupings, especially in regard to European Upper Palaeolithic projectile points and their classification. Little methodological consistency, however, makes it difficult to compare the conclusions of such studies. Here, we present an effort towards a benchmarked, case-transferrable toolkit that comparatively explores relevant techniques centred on outline-based GMM. First, we re-analyse two previously conducted landmark-based analyses of stone artefacts using our whole-outline approach, demonstrating that outlines can offer an efficient and reliable alternative. We then show how a careful application of clustering algorithms to GMM outline data is able to successfully discriminate between distinctive tool shapes and suggest that such data can also be used to infer cultural evolutionary histories matching already observed typo-chronological patterns. Building on this baseline work, we apply the same methods to a dataset of large tanged points from the European Final Palaeolithic (ca. 15,000–11,000 cal BP). Exploratively comparing the structure of design space within and between the datasets analysed here, our results indicate that Final Palaeolithic tanged point shapes do not fall into meaningful regional or cultural evolutionary groupings but exhibit an internal outline variance comparable to spatiotemporally much closer confined artefact groups of post-Palaeolithic age. We discuss these contrasting results in relation to the architecture of lithic tool design spaces and technological differences in blank production and tool manufacture.
Multi-informant Implementation and Intervention Outcomes of Opioid Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution in New York City
Authors: Brandt Laura , Yanagida Takuya , Campbell Aimee N. C. , Jones Jermaine D. , Schultes Marie-Therese , Martinez Suky , Comer Sandra D. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOverdose Education and Naloxone Distribution (OEND) is an effective public health intervention to reduce opioid overdose fatalities (McDonald and Strang, Addiction 111:1177–1187, 2016). However, we know little about OEND implementation outcomes (i.e., indicators of implementation success), specifically the fidelity of training delivery, and how these may relate to intervention outcomes (i.e., indicators of the success or effectiveness of an intervention), such as overdose knowledge and attitudes. This study evaluated 16 OEND trainings conducted at different Opioid Overdose Prevention Programs in New York City. Trainees (N = 75) completed the Opioid Overdose Knowledge and Attitude Scales before and after training (intervention outcomes). Implementation outcomes were fidelity (competence and adherence of the trainer, N = 10; modified Fidelity Checklist) and acceptability of OEND (Acceptability of Intervention Measure), assessed from multiple perspectives (trainees, trainers, and an independent observer). Trainees’ overdose knowledge, t(71) = − 8.12, p < 0.001, 95% CI [− 6.54, − 3.96], and attitudes, t(65) = − 6.85, p < 0.001, 95% CI [− 0.59, − 0.33], improved significantly from pre- to post-training. Stepwise multiple regression models indicated that adherence of the trainer rated from the observer perspective added significantly to the prediction of changes in overdose knowledge, F(1, 67) = 9.81, p = 0.003, and explained 13% of the variance in outcome. However, fidelity measures from the perspective of trainees or trainers and acceptability of OEND were not associated with changes in trainees’ overdose knowledge or attitudes. OEND implementation outcomes and their relationship with intervention outcomes differed depending on the role of the fidelity rater in relation to the intervention. Specifically, our findings indicate that fidelity should be measured from an independent perspective (i.e., an individual who is experienced with fidelity rating but not directly involved in the intervention).
Origin and Spread of the ALDH2 Glu504Lys Allele
Authors: Zhang Xiaokai , Sun Aijun , Ge Junbo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGene polymorphism of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), a key enzyme for alcohol metabolism in humans, can affect catalytic activity. The ALDH2 Glu504Lys mutant allele has a high-frequency distribution in East Asian populations and has been demonstrated to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and tumors. Available evidence suggests that the evolution of the ALDH2 gene has been influenced by multiple factors. Random mutations produce Glu504Lys, and genetic drift alters the frequency of this allele; additionally, environmental factors such as hepatitis B virus infection and high-elevation hypoxia affect its frequency through selective effects, ultimately resulting in a high frequency of this allele in East Asian populations. Here, the origin, selection, and spread of the ALDH2 Glu504Lys allele are discussed, and an outlook for further research is proposed to realize a precision medical strategy based on the genetic and environmental variations in ALDH2.