bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zwanghaftes Sexualverhalten – Welche Rolle spielen sexuelle Grenzverletzungen und Paraphilien
Authors: Engel Jannis , Veit Maria , Krüger Tillmann 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Zwanghaftes Sexualverhalten (ZS) ist gekennzeichnet durch intensive, repetitive sexuelle Fantasien, dranghaftes Erleben und Verhaltensweisen, die zu klinisch signifikanten psychischen Beeinträchtigungen führen. Neue Untersuchungen zeigen, dass ZS mit interpersonellen Konflikten assoziiert ist. Die Beziehung von ZS zu sexuellen Grenzverletzungen und Paraphilien bleibt jedoch unklar.

Fragestellung
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es, das Wissen über die Rolle von sexuellen Grenzverletzungen und Paraphilien bei Männern mit ZS zu erweitern.

Material und Methoden
Eine Gruppe von Männern mit ZS (n = 47) wurde mit einer Gruppe gesunder Kontrollprobanden (GK, n = 38) verglichen. Anhand von Fragebogen wurde untersucht, ob sexuelle Grenzverletzungen und Paraphilien als sexuelle Vorlieben vorliegen, und ob sie in der Realität ausgelebt wurden.

Ergebnisse
Es zeigte sich, dass Männer mit ZS eine stärkere sexuelle Erregung durch sexuelle Grenzverletzungen in Masturbationsfantasien erlebten und in der Vergangenheit häufiger sexuelle Grenzverletzungen wie nichtkonsensuelles Eindringen auslebten als GK (Männer mit ZS 17 % vs. GK 3 %). Des Weiteren waren die paraphilen Interessen bei Männern mit ZS stärker ausgeprägt im Vergleich zu GK.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Befunde unterstreichen die Wichtigkeit der Arbeit mit Patienten mit ZS und haben weitreichende Implikationen für die therapeutische Arbeit, insbesondere was die therapeutische Grundhaltung gegenüber Patienten mit ZS betrifft.
A PET/CT nomogram incorporating SUVmax and CT radiomics for preoperative nodal staging in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Xie Yunming , Zhao Hongguang , Guo Yan , Meng Fanyang , Liu Xiangchun , Zhang Yiying , Huai Xiaochen , Wong Qianting , Fu Yu , Zhang Huimao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo develop and validate a PET/CT nomogram for preoperative estimation of lymph node (LN) staging in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsA total of 263 pathologically confirmed LNs from 124 patients with NCSLC were retrospectively analyzed. Positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) examination was performed before treatment according to the clinical schedule. In the training cohort (N = 185), malignancy-related features, such as SUVmax, short-axis diameter (SAD), and CT radiomics features, were extracted from the regions of LN based on the PET/CT scan. The Minimum-Redundancy Maximum-Relevance (mRMR) algorithm and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression model were used for feature selection and radiomics score building. The radiomics score (Rad-Score) and SUVmax were incorporated in a PET/CT nomogram using the multivariable logistic regression analysis. The performance of the proposed model was evaluated with discrimination, calibration, and clinical application in an independent testing cohort (N = 78).ResultsThe radiomics scores consisting of 14 selected features were significantly associated with LN status for both training cohort with AUC of 0.849 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.796–0.903) and testing cohort with AUC of 0.828 (95% CI, 0.782–0.919). The PET/CT nomogram incorporating radiomics score and SUVmax showed moderate improvement of the efficiency with AUC of 0.881 (95% CI, 0.834–0.928) in the training cohort and AUC of 0.872 (95% CI, 0.797–0.946) in the testing cohort. The decision curve analysis indicated that the PET/CT nomogram was clinically useful.ConclusionThe PET/CT nomogram, which incorporates Rad-Score and SUVmax, can improve the diagnostic performance of LN metastasis.Key Points• The PET/CT nomogram (Int-Score) based on lymph node (LN) PET/CT images can reliably predict LN status in NSCLC.• Int-Score is a relatively objective diagnostic method, which can play an auxiliary role in the process of clinicians making treatment decisions.
Should all hip and knee prosthetic joints be aspirated prior to revision surgery?
Authors: Staphorst Femke , Jutte Paul C. , Boerboom Alexander L. , Kampinga Greetje A. , Ploegmakers Joris J. W. , Wouthuyzen-Bakker Marjan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Aims
It is essential to exclude a periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) prior to revision surgery. It is recommended to routinely aspirate the joint before surgery. However, this may not be necessary in a subgroup of patients. The aim of our study was to investigate if specific clinical and implant characteristics could be identified to rule out a PJI prior to revision surgery.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated clinical and implant characteristics of patients who underwent a hip or knee revision surgery between October 2015 and October 2018. Patients were diagnosed with a PJI according to the MSIS diagnostic criteria.

Results
A total of 156 patients were analyzed, including 107 implants that were revised because of prosthetic loosening and 49 because of mechanical failure (i.e. instability, malalignment or malpositioning). No PJI was diagnosed in the group with mechanical failure. In the prosthetic loosening group, 20 of 107 were diagnosed with a PJI (19%). Although there was a significantly lower chance of having a PJI with an implant age of > 5 years combined with a CRP < 5 mg/L, an infection was still present in 3 out of 39 cases (8%).

Conclusion
Implants with solely mechanical failure without signs of loosening and low inflammatory parameters probably do not require a synovial fluid aspiration. These results need to be confirmed in a larger cohort of patients. In case of prosthetic loosening, all joints need to be aspirated before surgery as no specific characteristic could be identified to rule out an infection.
Prospective study on health-related quality of life in patients before and after cochlear implantation
Authors: Plath Michaela , Marienfeld Theresa , Sand Matthias , van de Weyer Philipp S. , Praetorius Mark , Plinkert Peter K. , Baumann Ingo , Zaoui Karim 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Assessing cochlear implant (CI)-associated patient outcomes is a focus of implant research. Most studies have analyzed outcomes retrospectively with low patient numbers and few measurement time points. In addition, standardized CI-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments have not been used. To address this, we prospectively assessed HRQoL in patients before and after implantation.

Methods
We assessed HRQoL using the Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire (NCIQ), Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB), Hearing Participation Scale (HPS), and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in 100 deaf or severely hearing-impaired patients (57 unilaterally deaf and 43 bilaterally deaf) before and 3, 6, and 12 months after cochlear implantation. We compared the results of unilaterally and bilaterally hearing-impaired patients and patients with or without a hearing aid. Principal component (PCA) and exploratory factor analyses (EFA) were also conducted.

Results
The NCIQ measured improvements in all 6 domains after CI and correlated well with other QoL instruments. The PCA revealed that the NCIQ can be better explained by physical, physical advanced, and socio-psychological components. The APHAB score ameliorated over time, except for the background noise domain. The overall HPS score improved over time, but the hearing handicap subscore significantly decreased. Sociodemographic influences on the questionnaire scores were relatively weak.

Conclusion
Assessing HRQoL is essential for quantifying the patient outcome after CI. NCIQ scores in our patient cohort showed improved HRQoL in all domains and we recommend that the NCIQ be used as a first-line questionnaire for assessing QoL in hearing-impaired patients after CI.
Bone-anchored hearing system, contralateral routing of signals hearing aid or cochlear implant: what is best in single-sided deafness?
Authors: Jakob Till F. , Speck Iva , Rauch Ann-Kathrin , Hassepass Frederike , Ketterer Manuel C. , Beck Rainer , Aschendorff Antje , Wesarg Thomas , Arndt Susan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the study was to compare long-term results after 1 year in patients with single-sided deafness (SSD) who were fitted with different hearing aids. The participants tested contralateral routing of signals (CROS) hearing aids and bone-anchored hearing systems (BAHS). They were also informed about the possibility of a cochlear implant (CI) and chose one of the three devices. We also investigated which factors influenced the choice of device.

Methods
Prospective study with 89 SSD participants who were divided into three groups by choosing BAHS, CROS, or CI. All participants received test batteries with both objective hearing tests (speech perception in noise and sound localisation) and subjective questionnaires.

Results
16 participants opted for BAHS-, 13 for CROS- and 30 for CI-treatment. The greater the subjective impairment caused by SSD, the more likely patients were to opt for surgical treatment (BAHS or CI). The best results in terms of speech perception in noise (especially when sound reaches the deaf ear and noise the hearing ear), sound localization, and subjective results were achieved with CI.

Conclusion
The best results regarding the therapy of SSD are achieved with a CI, followed by BAHS. This was evident both in objective tests and in the subjective questionnaires. Nevertheless, an individual decision is required in each case as to which SSD therapy option is best for the patient. Above all, the patient's subjective impairment and expectations should be included in the decision-making process.
Carbohydrate restriction following strenuous glycogen-depleting exercise does not potentiate the acute molecular response associated with mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle
Authors: Ramos Catarina , Cheng Arthur J. , Kamandulis Sigitas , Subocius Andrejus , Brazaitis Marius , Venckunas Tomas , Chaillou Thomas 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Carbohydrate (CHO) restriction could be a potent metabolic regulator of endurance exercise-induced muscle adaptations. Here, we determined whether post-exercise CHO restriction following strenuous exercise combining continuous cycling exercise (CCE) and sprint interval exercise could affect the gene expression related to mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism in human skeletal muscle.

Methods
In a randomized cross-over design, 8 recreationally active males performed two cycling exercise sessions separated by 4 weeks. Each session consisted of 60-min CCE and six 30-s all-out sprints, which was followed by ingestion of either a CHO or placebo beverage in the post-exercise recovery period. Muscle glycogen concentration and the mRNA levels of several genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism were determined before, immediately after, and at 3 h after exercise.

Results
Compared to pre-exercise, strenuous cycling led to a severe muscle glycogen depletion (> 90%) and induced a large increase in PGC1A and PDK4 mRNA levels (~ 20-fold and ~ 10-fold, respectively) during the acute recovery period in both trials. The abundance of the other transcripts was not changed or was only moderately increased during this period. CHO restriction during the 3-h post-exercise period blunted muscle glycogen resynthesis but did not increase the mRNA levels of genes associated with muscle adaptation to endurance exercise, as compared with abundant post-exercise CHO consumption.

Conclusion
CHO restriction after a glycogen-depleting and metabolically-demanding cycling session is not effective for increasing the acute mRNA levels of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism in human skeletal muscle.
The adapter protein Myd88 plays an important role in limiting mycobacterial growth in a zebrafish model for tuberculosis
Authors: Hosseini Rohola , Lamers Gerda E. M. , Bos Erik , Hogendoorn Pancras C. W. , Koster Abraham J. , Meijer Annemarie H. , Spaink Herman P. , Schaaf Marcel J. M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is the most prevalent bacterial infectious disease in the world, caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). In this study, we have used Mycobacterium marinum (Mm) infection in zebrafish larvae as an animal model for this disease to study the role of the myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88), the key adapter protein of Toll-like receptors. Previously, Myd88 has been shown to enhance innate immune responses against bacterial infections, and in the present study, we have investigated the effect of Myd88 deficiency on the granuloma morphology and the intracellular distribution of bacteria during Mm infection. Our results show that granulomas formed in the tail fin from myd88 mutant larvae have a more compact structure and contain a reduced number of leukocytes compared to the granulomas observed in wild-type larvae. These morphological differences were associated with an increased bacterial burden in the myd88 mutant. Electron microscopy analysis showed that the majority of Mm in the myd88 mutant are located extracellularly, whereas in the wild type, most bacteria were intracellular. In the myd88 mutant, intracellular bacteria were mainly present in compartments that were not electron-dense, suggesting that these compartments had not undergone fusion with a lysosome. In contrast, approximately half of the intracellular bacteria in wild-type larvae were found in electron-dense compartments. These observations in a zebrafish model for tuberculosis suggest a role for Myd88-dependent signalling in two important phenomena that limit mycobacterial growth in the infected tissue. It reduces the number of leukocytes at the site of infection and the acidification of bacteria-containing compartments inside these cells.
Fluid Flow and Leakage Assessment Through an Unlined/Shotcrete Lined Pressure Tunnel: A Case from Nepal Himalaya
Authors: Panthi Krishna Kanta , Basnet Chhatra Bahadur 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe use of unlined/shotcrete lined pressure tunnels and shafts are cost-effective solutions for a hydropower project and are being implemented worldwide. To implement this concept, the ground conditions at the area of concern should be favorable regarding minimum principal stress magnitude, which should be higher than hydrostatic water head acting on the tunnel periphery. In addition, the rock mass should be relatively unjointed or joints in the rock mass should be relatively tight. Among the most important issues in the design of unlined/shotcrete lined pressure tunnels is the extent of hydraulic jacking and water leakage out of the tunnel during operation. This manuscript first presents fluid flow and potential hydraulic jacking assessment of two selected locations of the headrace tunnel of Upper Tamakoshi Hydroelectric Project (UTHP) in Nepal using the UDEC. It is noted here that the 7960 m long headrace tunnel will experience a hydrostatic water head that will vary from 2.9 to 11.5 bars (0.29–1.15 MPa). The headrace tunnel is supported by sprayed concrete (shotcrete) in combination with systematic rock bolts in the tunnel walls and crown. The invert of the tunnel and few hundred meters downstream end (at surge shaft area) of the headrace tunnel is being concrete lined after the completion of all other works. The qualitative fluid flow assessment carried out using UDEC indicated considerable pressure built-up in the joint systems suggesting potential hydraulic jacking. This was especially the case at the downstream segment (downstream from chainage 7100 m) of the headrace tunnel. The manuscript further presents the quantitative results of water leakage estimation from the headrace tunnel carried out using Panthi (Panthi KK (2006) Analysis of engineering geological uncertainties related to tunnelling in Himalayan rock mass conditions. PhD Thesis, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway;Panthi, Note on estimating specific leakage using Panthi’s approach, NTNU, Trondheim, 2010;) approach. The leakage assessment carried out indicated an average specific leakage of about 2.5 l/min/m tunnel, which may result in over 210 l/s leakage from the headrace tunnel. The evaluation also indicated that the outer reach (860 m downstream segment) of the headrace tunnel after chainage 7100 m seems extremely vulnerable and over 80 l/s water leakage may occur only from this headrace tunnel segment during operation of the hydropower plant.
Substantia nigra neuromelanin magnetic resonance imaging in patients with different subtypes of Parkinson disease
Authors: Wang Lu , Yan Yayun , Zhang Liyao , Liu Yan , Luo Ruirui , Chang Ying 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNeuromelanin (NM) is a dark pigment that mainly exists in neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). In Parkinson disease (PD) patients, NM concentration decreases gradually with degeneration and necrosis of dopamine neurons, suggesting potential use as a PD biomarker. We aimed to evaluate associations between NM concentration in in vivo SN and PD progression and different motor subtypes using NM magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI). Fifty-four patients with idiopathic PD were enrolled. Patients were divided into groups by subtypes with different clinical symptoms: tremor dominant (TD) group and postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) group. Fifteen healthy age-matched volunteers were enrolled as controls. All subjects underwent clinical assessment and NM-MRI examination. PD patients showed significantly decreased contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) values in medial and lateral SN (P < 0.05) compared to controls. CNR values in lateral SN region decreased linearly with PD progression (P = 0.001). PIGD patients showed significant decreases in CNR mean values in lateral SN compared to TD patients (P = 0.004). Diagnostic accuracy of using lateral substantia nigra (SN) in TD and PIGD groups was 79% (sensitivity 76.5%, specificity 78.6%). NM concentration in PD patients decreases gradually during disease progression and differs significantly between PD subtypes. NM may be a reliable biomarker for PD severity and subtype identification.
Serotonin-specific neurons differentiated from human iPSCs form distinct subtypes with synaptic protein assembly
Authors: Jansch Charline , Ziegler Georg C. , Forero Andrea , Gredy Sina , Wäldchen Sina , Vitale Maria Rosaria , Svirin Evgeniy , Zöller Johanna E. M. , Waider Jonas , Günther Katharina , Edenhofer Frank , Sauer Markus , Wischmeyer Erhard , Lesch Klaus-Peter 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHuman induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have revolutionized the generation of experimental disease models, but the development of protocols for the differentiation of functionally active neuronal subtypes with defined specification is still in its infancy. While dysfunction of the brain serotonin (5-HT) system has been implicated in the etiology of various neuropsychiatric disorders, investigation of functional human 5-HT specific neurons in vitro has been restricted by technical limitations. We describe an efficient generation of functionally active neurons from hiPSCs displaying 5-HT specification by modification of a previously reported protocol. Furthermore, 5-HT specific neurons were characterized using high-end fluorescence imaging including super-resolution microscopy in combination with electrophysiological techniques. Differentiated hiPSCs synthesize 5-HT, express specific markers, such as tryptophan hydroxylase 2 and 5-HT transporter, and exhibit an electrophysiological signature characteristic of serotonergic neurons, with spontaneous rhythmic activities, broad action potentials and large afterhyperpolarization potentials. 5-HT specific neurons form synapses reflected by the expression of pre- and postsynaptic proteins, such as Bassoon and Homer. The distribution pattern of Bassoon, a marker of the active zone along the soma and extensions of neurons, indicates functionality via volume transmission. Among the high percentage of 5-HT specific neurons (~ 42%), a subpopulation of CDH13 + cells presumably designates dorsal raphe neurons. hiPSC-derived 5-HT specific neuronal cell cultures reflect the heterogeneous nature of dorsal and median raphe nuclei and may facilitate examining the association of serotonergic neuron subpopulations with neuropsychiatric disorders.
Long-term serological follow-up after primary Coxiella burnetii infection in patients with vascular risk factors for chronic Q fever
Authors: Buijs Sheila B. , Stuart Sanne K. , Oosterheert Jan Jelrik , Karhof Steffi , Hoepelman Andy I. M. , Renders Nicole H. M. , van Petersen André S. , Bleeker-Rovers Chantal P. , Wever Peter C. , Koning Olivier H. J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe evaluated the long-term serological follow-up of patients with vascular risk factors for chronic Q fever that were previously Coxiellaburnetii seropositive. C. burnetii phase I IgG titers were reevaluated in patients that gave informed consent or retrospectively collected in patients already deceased or lost to follow-up. Of 107 patients, 25 (23.4%) became seronegative, 77 (72.0%) retained a profile of past resolved Q fever infection, and five (4.7%) developed chronic Q fever. We urge clinicians to stay vigilant for chronic Q fever beyond two years after primary infection and perform serological testing based on clinical presentation.
Tree species and microhabitat affect forest bog spider fauna
Authors: Gallé Róbert , Gallé-Szpisjak Nikolett , Zsigmond Andreea-Rebeka , Könczey Boróka , Urák István 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPeat bogs are among the most threatened habitats in Central Europe. They are characterized by stagnant water with low pH and lower nutrient content compared to the surrounding habitats. The flora and fauna of peat bogs comprised of many habitat specialist and rare species. We explored the differences in spider fauna of European spruce and Scots pine forests. Furthermore, we assessed the effect of microhabitat diversity in the bog forests of the Poiana Stampei peat bog complex, Bucovina, Romania. We collected numerous rare and cold-adapted species. .We found a strong effect of forest type, presumably due to the different microclimatic conditions of the forests. European spruce forests had lower species richness of ground-dwelling fauna than Scots pine forests; however, we found contradictory results for vegetation-dwelling species richness. Hummocks had a more positive effect on the ground-dwelling spiders of Scots pine than in European spruce forests, presumably due to the more open structure of sphagnum hummocks than ground level. However, this effect was negative for vegetation dwellers. The cold-adapted species with restricted ranges are vulnerable to climate change, and bogs may serve as important micro-refugia for them. Central European bogs are isolated and highly threatened by anthropogenic activities, such as drainage, peat extraction, and eutrophication. The deterioration habitat quality of peat bogs will result in a significant loss in the regional species pool of the Carpathians.