bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosomal miR-106b-5p promotes Mtb survival via targeting CREB5 followed by SOAT1-CIDEC and CASP9-CASP3 pathway
Authors: Chen Haotian , Li Chonghui , Song Taohua , Gao Jiao , Li Wenjing , Fu Yurong , Yi Zhengjun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTuberculosis(TB) is one of the top ten fatal diseases, but the research on the mechanism of TB is still not perfect. Exosome, as an important intercellular signal transmission signal vehicle and the mechanism of exosomes in the interaction between macrophages andMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb), is crucial for TB treatment. In the study, we found that exosomes, derived from Mtb-infected macrophage, exhibited differential enrichment in different organs in mice, causing inflammatory cell infiltration in lungs. Further experimentsin vitroshowed that exosomes resulted in increased lipid synthesis and inhibition of apoptosis in normal macrophages. In order to further explore its molecular mechanism, bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-106b-5p was up-regulated in exosomes. Subsequently, we verified miR-106b-5p was increased through a large number of blood samples from TB patients. In addition, we demonstrated that miR-106b-5p was upregulated in exosomes from Mtb-infected macrophages, which can be engulfed by uninfected macrophages and further result in miR-106b-5p increase. We next found that miR-106b-5p mediated the same effect as the exosomes derived from infected macrophage. Through further research, we indicated that miR-106b-5p promoted lipid droplet accumulation through regulation of Creb5-SOAT1-CIDEC and suppressed macrophage apoptosis via Creb5-CASP9-CASP3 pathway, which ultimately led to Mtb survival. These findings provide a certain theoretical basis and ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of TB as well as the selection of biomarkers.
Molecular dynamics and theratyping in airway and gut organoids reveal R352Q-CFTR conductance defect
Authors: Wong Sharon L. , Awatade Nikhil T. , Astore Miro A. , Allan Katelin M. , Carnell Michael J. , Slapetova Iveta , Chen Po-chia , Setiadi Jeffry , Pandzic Elvis , Fawcett Laura K. , Widger John R. , Whan Renee M. , Griffith Renate , Ooi Chee Y. , Kuyucak Serdar , Jaffe Adam , Waters Shafagh A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA significant challenge to making targeted CFTR modulator therapies accessible to all individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) are many mutations in the CFTR gene that can cause CF, most of which remain uncharacterized. Here, we characterized the structural and functional defects of the rareCFTRmutation R352Q – with potential role contributing to intrapore chloride ion permeation – in patient-derived cell models of the airway and gut. CFTR function in differentiated nasal epithelial cultures and matched intestinal organoids was assessed using ion transport assay and forskolin-induced swelling (FIS) assay respectively. Two CFTR potentiators (VX-770, GLPG1837) and a corrector (VX-809) were tested. Data from R352Q-CFTR were compared to that of participants with mutations with known impact on CFTR function. R352Q-CFTR has residual CFTR function which was restored to functional CFTR activity by CFTR potentiators but not the corrector. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of R352Q-CFTR were carried out which indicated the presence of a chloride conductance defect, with little evidence supporting a gating defect. The combination approach ofin vitropatient-derived cell models andin silicoMD simulations to characterize rareCFTRmutations can improve the specificity and sensitivity of modulator response predictions and aid in their translational use for CF precision medicine.
Selecting Clustering Algorithms for IBD Mapping
Authors: Shemirani Ruhollah , Belbin Gillian M , Burghardt Keith , Lerman Kristina , Avery Christy L , Kenny Eimear E , Gignoux Christopher R , Ambite José Luis 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundGroups of distantly related individuals who share a short segment of their genome identical-by-descent (IBD) can provide insights about rare traits and diseases in massive biobanks via a process called IBD mapping. Clustering algorithms play an important role in finding these groups. We set out to analyze the fitness of commonly used, fast and scalable clustering algorithms for IBD mapping applications. We designed a realistic benchmark for local IBD graphs and utilized it to compare clustering algorithms in terms of statistical power. We also investigated the effectiveness of common clustering metrics as replacements for statistical power.ResultsWe simulated 3.4 million clusters across 850 experiments with varying cluster counts, false-positive, and false-negative rates. Infomap and Markov Clustering (MCL) community detection methods have high statistical power in most of the graphs, compared to greedy methods such as Louvain and Leiden. We demonstrate that standard clustering metrics, such as modularity, cannot predict statistical power of algorithms in IBD mapping applications, though they can help with simulating realistic benchmarks. We extend our findings to real datasets by analyzing 3 populations in the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) Study with 51,000 members and 2 million shared segments on Chromosome 1, resulting in the extraction of 39 million local IBD clusters across three different populations in PAGE. We used cluster properties derived in PAGE to increase the accuracy of our simulations and comparison.ConclusionsMarkov Clustering produces a 30% increase in statistical power compared to the current state-of-art approach, while reducing runtime by 3 orders of magnitude; making it computationally tractable in modern large-scale genetic datasets. We provide an efficient implementation to enable clustering at scale for IBD mapping and poplation-based linkage for various populations and scenarios.
Robust and Functional Immunity up to 9 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a Southeast Asian longitudinal cohort
Authors: Thi My Vo Hoa , Alvino Maestri , Heidi Auerswald , Sopheak Sorn , Sokchea Lay , Seng Heng , Sotheary Sann , Nisa Ya , Polidy Pean , Philippe Dussart , Olivier Schwartz , Sovann Ly , Timothee Bruel , Sowath Ly , Veasna Duong , Erik A Karlsson , Tineke Cantaert 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAssessing the duration of humoral and cellular immunity remains key to overcome the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, especially in understudied populations in least developed countries. Sixty-four Cambodian individuals with laboratory-confirmed infection with asymptomatic or mild/moderate clinical presentation were evaluated for humoral immune response to the viral spike protein and antibody effector functions during acute phase of infection and at 6-9 months follow-up. Antigen-specific B cells, CD4+and CD8+T cells were characterized, and T cells were interrogated for functionality at late convalescence. Anti-spike (S) antibody titers decreased over time, but effector functions mediated by S-specific antibodies remained stable. S- and nucleocapsid (N)-specific B cells could be detected in late convalescence in the activated memory B cell compartment and are mostly IgG+. CD4+and CD8+T cell immunity was maintained to S and membrane (M) protein. Asymptomatic infection resulted in decreased ADCC and frequency of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+T cells at late convalescence. Whereas anti-S antibodies correlated with S-specific B cells, there was no correlation between T cell response and humoral immunity. Hence, all aspects of a protective immune response are maintained up to nine months after SARS-CoV-2 infection in the absence of re-infection.One sentence summaryFunctional immune memory to SARS-CoV-2, consisting of polyfunctional antibodies, memory B cells and memory T cells are maintained up to nine months in a South-East Asian cohort in the absence of re-infection.
Smart farming: towards a sustainable agri-food system
Authors: Musa Siti Fatimahwati Pehin Dato , Basir Khairul Hidayatullah 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe objectives of this paper are firstly to investigate the relationship between smart farming and sustainable development goal (SDG) 2 i.e. zero hunger. Secondly, the paper applies SWOT analysis to better understand the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of implementing smart farming in Southeast Asia (SEA). Finally, the paper provides research and practical implications for smart farming in SEA.Design/methodology/approachThis study applies SWOT analysis to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of smart farming in SEA in its goal to achieve zero hunger. The SWOT analysis is performed by conducting a comprehensive review of past and relevant literature on smart farming and its relationship with SDG 2. The use of SWOT analysis provides a foundation to identify the desired future position, identifies existing issues and better informs leaders and policymakers on how to resolve the weaknesses and take advantage of the opportunities available.FindingsSmart farming has shown great promise in increasing food production sustainably whilst maintaining a high standard of food safety and quality. Smart farming offers a path towards achieving SDG 2 by providing innovative ways into a more profitable, resilient and green agri-food system. It is also found that a regional approach towards ensuring food security should be taken in SEA due to the dependency of the states on one another for the supply of food and agricultural products. For smart farming to take off in the region, a stronger government initiative is needed to encourage Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) learning to equip the local workforce.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature by highlighting the role of smart farming in achieving zero hunger. This may assist policymakers to understand the implications of adopting smart farming in the region when compared to other competing trade locations. In addition, this study uses SWOT analysis to evaluate internal and external factors which may assist in formulating strategies by allowing researchers to gain insights and to think of possible solutions for existing or potential problems.
Robotic process automation for industry: adoption status, benefits, challenges and research agenda
Authors: Pramod Dhanya 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis study intends to find the industries that have leveraged Robotic Process Automation (RPA) technology and elucidate the extent of the adoption of RPA in various industry domains with benefits. The identification of tasks eligible for RPA itself is a challenge. Therefore, the study further brings out the challenges faced in various industry verticals and postulates the future direction of research and applications in RPA.Design/methodology/approachThe study focuses on articles from popular databases such as SCOPUS, Web of Science and Google scholar. PRISMA methodology is used for systematic literature review and 113 papers are shortlisted for study. Three questions are framed to carry out the review and set the research direction.FindingsIt is evident from this study that RPA has been widely used in banking and related areas with moderate use in healthcare and manufacturing leading to operational efficiency and productivity. However, there are a lot more opportunities in other domains that need to be taped by leveraging technology advancements and a research agenda has been devised by postulating future directions.Originality/valueThe study brings out a new comprehensive perspective as regards RPA implementation across domains. There is no promising study found that gathers three-dimensional aspects of the meta-themes applications, benefits and challenges. The study summarizes the research agenda and projects the industry domains that have not yet explored, the benefits of RPA. This will be a good reference article for those who develop RPA techniques and organizations that have plans to go for RPA.
Catastrophe risk, reinsurance and securitized risk-transfer solutions: a review
Authors: Zhao Yang , Lee Jin-Ping , Yu Min-Teh 
Published: August 2021

PurposeCatastrophe (CAT) events associated with natural catastrophes and man-made disasters cause profound impacts on the insurance industry. This research thus reviews the impact of CAT risk on the insurance industry and how traditional reinsurance and securitized risk-transfer instruments are used for managing CAT risk.Design/methodology/approachThis research reviews the impact of CAT risk on the insurance industry and how traditional reinsurance and securitized risk-transfer instruments are used for managing CAT risk. Apart from many negative influences, CAT events can increase the net revenue of the insurance industry around CAT events and improve insurance demand over the post-CAT periods. The underwriting cycle of reinsurance causes inefficiencies in transferring CAT risks. Securitized risk-transfer instruments resolve some inefficiencies of the reinsurance market, but are subject to moral hazard, basis risk, credit risk, regulatory uncertainty, etc. The authors introduce some popular securitized solutions and use Merton's structural framework to demonstrate how to value these CAT-linked securities. The hybrid solutions by combining reinsurance with securitized CAT instruments are expected to offer promising applications for CAT risk management.FindingsThe authors introduce some popular securitized solutions and use Merton's structural framework to demonstrate how to value these CAT-linked securities. The hybrid solutions by combining reinsurance with securitized CAT instruments are expected to offer promising applications for CAT risk management.Originality/valueThis research reviews a broad array of impacts of CAT risks on the (re)insurance industry. CAT events challenge (re)insurance capacity and influence insurers' supply decisions and reconstruction costs in the aftermath of catastrophes. While losses from natural catastrophes are the primary threat to property–casualty insurers, the mortality risk posed by influenza pandemics is a leading CAT risk for life insurers. At the same time, natural catastrophes and man-made disasters cause distinct impacts on (re)insures. Man-made disasters can increase the correlation between insurance stocks and the overall market, and natural catastrophes reduce the above correlation. It should be noted that huge CAT losses can also improve (re)insurance demand during the postevent period and thus bring long-term effects to the (re)insurance industry.
Analytical methodologies for design of segmented permanent magnet consequent pole flux switching machine: a comparative analysis
Authors: Ullah Wasiq , Khan Faisal , Umair Muhammad , Khan Bakhtiar 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to reviewed analytical methodologies, i.e. lumped parameter magnetic equivalent circuit (LPMEC), magnetic co-energy (MCE), Laplace equations (LE), Maxwell stress tensor (MST) method and sub-domain modelling for design of segmented PM(SPM) consequent pole flux switching machine (SPMCPFSM). Electric machines, especially flux switching machines (FSMs), are accurately modeled using numerical-based finite element analysis (FEA) tools; however, despite of expensive hardware setup, repeated iterative process, complex stator design and permanent magnet (PM) non-linear behavior increases computational time and complexity.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper reviews various alternate analytical methodologies for electromagnetic performance calculation. In above-mentioned analytical methodologies, no-load phase flux linkage is performed using LPMEC, magnetic co-energy for cogging torque, LE for magnetic flux density (MFD) components, i.e. radial and tangential and MST for instantaneous torque. Sub-domain model solves electromagnetic performance, i.e. MFD and torque behaviour.

Findings
The reviewed analytical methodologies are validated with globally accepted FEA using JMAG Commercial FEA Package v. 18.1 which shows good agreement with accuracy. In comparison of analytical methodologies, analysis reveals that sub-domain model not only get rid of multiples techniques for validation purpose but also provide better results by accounting influence of all machine parts which helps to reduce computational complexity, computational time and drive storage with overall accuracy of ∼99%. Furthermore, authors are confident to recommend sub-domain model for initial design stage of SPMCPFSM when higher accuracy and low computational cost are primal requirements.

Practical implications
The model is developed for high-speed brushless AC applications.

Originality/value
The SPMCPFSM enhances electromagnetic performance owing to segmented PMs configuration which makes it different than conventional designs. Moreover, developed analytical methodologies for SPMCPFSM reduce computational time compared with that of FEA.
Neuroscience approach for management and entrepreneurship: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Cucino Valentina , Passarelli Mariacarmela , Di Minin Alberto , Cariola Alfio 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis study focuses on the role of individuals in the innovation management process, by concentrating on leaders and associated behaviors. Specifically, Entrepreneurial Leadership (EL) represent one of the most important fields of innovation management that has become increasingly multifaceted and interdisciplinary with its evolution. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine a newly emerging research trend with a new lens that is “neuroscience”.Design/methodology/approachThis paper finds an evidence-based roadmap by reviewing the literature with a quantitative Bibliometric Analysis (BA) employing Co-Citation (Co-C) and bibliographic coupling analysis (BcA) to find linkages between the leadership and entrepreneurship literature and the neuroscience literature.FindingsThis study identifies five promising groups of research areas such as the organizational approach, the biological approach, the cognitive approach, the emotional approach and it identify five future research topics such as dynamic skills in innovation exploitation process, the human aspect of leadership, the building process of leadership, the biological perspective of leadership and the application of neuroscience in the ecosystem. Moreover, we find an evidence-based roadmap for stimulating focused EL within the broad topic of innovation management research, to move the field forward.Originality/valueAlthough the past few years have observed the necessity of review studies on the subsets of biological factors, no reviews have sought to bring those different subsets together into a broader biological perspective. This study provides important indications on the interdisciplinary developments between the neuroscience aspects and EL, as a new emerging paradigm within the broad field of innovation management.
Impulsivity and entrepreneurial perseverance: toward an empirical account and entrepreneurship-prone profile
Authors: Pietersen Michael L. , Botha Melodi 
Published: August 2021

PurposeAlthough emerging research has linked impulsivity with the decision to start a business, scholars have yet to draw implications for later-stage entrepreneurial outcomes. Furthermore, the authors have still to derive a parsimonious profile of the multidimensional impulsivity construct which can be positively linked to the entrepreneurial context. This paper proposes and tests a model to explain how impulsivity may relate to entrepreneurial perseverance—a construct typically regarded as a pivotal later-stage entrepreneurial outcome.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 807 owner-managers using an online survey and augmented with the novel use of longitudinal data from the central registrar of companies in South Africa. Covariance-based structural equation modeling and a D2 indexing approach for forming an entrepreneurship-prone impulsivity profile were employed.FindingsResults show that multidimensional impulsivity is significantly, but differentially, related to entrepreneurial perseverance; the perceived desirability of entrepreneurship mediates this effect for two of the four impulsivity dimensions. In particular, the authors find evidence that insufficiency of deliberation enhances, while urgency hinders, perseverance—reflected behaviorally through the filing of annual returns over a three-year period. Furthermore, the authors derive a new entrepreneurship-prone impulsivity profile which begins to suggest an intraindividual profile of impulsivity traits which may be beneficial to the entrepreneurial context.Originality/valueBy demonstrating how impulsivity impacts entrepreneurial perseverance over time, this paper advances emerging research on the relationship between impulsivity and entrepreneurship, while contributing to explaining why the perseverance decision is not simply a matter of venture pecuniary benefits and feasibility.
Quality education: industry contributions to embed sustainability in a meeting and event management curriculum
Authors: Venske Esti 
Published: August 2021

PurposeWith the global adoption of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs), it has become increasingly important for educators to develop a responsive curriculum where future event practitioners understand, value and implement sustainability as a core component of meeting and event management. The purpose of this paper is to explore the viewpoints of industry to embed sustainability as part of developing a Meeting and Event Management curriculum that is responsive to industry needs, and in so doing, contribute to quality education (SDG4).Design/methodology/approachQualitative data were generated from 10 key informant interviews amongst top-level meeting and event professionals. Open questions elucidated industry viewpoints to develop content for a Meeting and Event Management curriculum at Advanced Diploma level in South Africa. Content analysis and data interpretation revealed key topics that guided the embedment of SDGs in the curriculum as knowledge, skills, values and attitudes.FindingsCurriculum content was linked to six specific, corresponding SDGs, namely: good health and well-being; quality education; decent work and economic growth; industry, innovation and infrastructure; climate action and partnerships for the goals.Originality/valueThe paper contributes valuable industry insights into academic educators concerned with responsive curriculum development in the field of meeting and event management by outlining how SDGs can be integrated as competencies and learning outcomes in a tertiary qualification.