bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penggunaan Batu Gunung Patangdo Kapa’ Kabupaten Tana Toraja Dalam Campuran AC-BC
Authors: Debi Noviana , Rachman Rais , Alpius  
Published: May 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji secara laboratorium penggunaan Batu Gunung Patangdo Kapa’ Kabupaten Tana Toraja sebagai campuran AC-BC dengan memvariasikan penggunaan aspal dengan kadar 5,00% 5,50% 6,00% 6,50% 7,00% serta menguji ketahanan campuran terhadap suhu perendaman. Metodologi pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode yang terdiri dari serangkaian uji karakteristik agregat kasar, halus, filler serta aspal selanjutnya merancang komposisi campuran kemudian dilanjutkan dengan membuat benda uji yaitu campuran AC-BC melalui percobaan MIX Design untuk memperoleh nilai Indeks Kekuatan Sisa dengan penggunaan Kadar Aspal Optimum. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Jalan dan Aspal Fakultas Teknik Jurusan Teknik Sipil Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus Makassar, sudah menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik bahan perkerasan berupa Batu Gunung Patangdo Kapa’ Kabupaten Tana Toraja sudah memenuhi Standar Spesifikasi Bina Marga 2018 sebagai bahan dalam perkerasan jalan khususnya pada campuran AC-BC melalui pengujian dengan karakteristik dan dengan kadar aspal 5,00%, 5,50%, 6,00%, 6,50% dan 7,00%. Hasil uji Marshall Immersion campuran AC-BC yang menggunakan kadar aspal optimum 6,00 % diperoleh Indeks Kekuatan Sisa ( IKS)/Durabilitas sebesar 93,47 %. Jadi ini menunujukan bahwa pengujian memenuhi persayatan yaitu minimal 90% dan memenuhi Spesifikasi Bina Marga 2018.
Sifat Mekanik Beton Mutu Tinggi Dengan Kombinasi Slag Nikel Dan Slag Baja
Authors: Tiranda Yoel Lian , Parung Herman , Sandy Desi 
Published: May 2021

Guna meminimalisir terjadinya penumpukan, pemanfaatan limbah slag sangat diperlukan sebagai bahan subtitusi dalam campuran beton. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui komposisi campuran beton, kekuatan beton serta perbandingan kekuatan beton dengan kombinasi slag nikel dan slag baja sebagai bahan subtitusi agregat halus dan agregat kasar. Prosentase penggunaan limbah slag nikel sebesar 50% sebagai bahan subtitusi agregat halus dan limbah slag baja bervariasi dari 0%, 15%, dan 30% sebagai bahan subtitusi agregat kasar pada campuran beton mutu tinggi (f’c = 42 MPa). Dalam penelitian ini mix design menggunakan metode SNI 03-2834-200. Benda uji yang dipakai berupa silinder dengan dimensi diameter 15 centimeter dengan tinggi 30 centimeter sejumlah 36 benda uji dan balok dengan ukuran 15x15x60 sebanyak 9 buah. Pengujian yang dibuat dalam variasi umur 7 hari, 21 hari, dan 28 hari. Berdasarkan sifat mekanik beton rata-rata menggunakan limbah slag baja sebagai subtisusi pada variasi 30% diperoleh hasil terbesar masing-masing 45,27 MPa, 4,91 MPa dan 5,09 MPa untuk nilai kuat tekan, kuat tarik belah dan kuat lentur beton.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Nikel Sorowako Dalam Campuran Stone Matrix Asphalt Kasar
Authors: Supit Febe Priskila , Mangontan Robert , Alpius  
Published: May 2021

Perkembangan perindustrian di Indonesia sangat pesat dan memberi dampak yang baik bagi perekonomian suatu daerah atau negara. Namun dampak buruk yang dapat ditimbulkan dari hasil perindustrian tersebut adalah limbah dengan jumlah yang sangat banyak dan tidak dimanfaatkan untuk suatu kegiatan yang bermanfaat bagi suatu daerah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan pengujian untuk mengetahui Pemanfaatan Limbah Nikel Sorowako Dalam Campuran Stone Matrix Asphalt Kasar dengan menggunakan variasi kadar aspal 6,00%; 6,25%;6,50%;6,75% dan 7,00% dan menguji kemampun campuran bahan tersebut terhadap waktu lamanya prendaman, suhu, dan air. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan melakukan berbagai pemeriksaan dan pengujian spesifik mengenai agregat lalu merancangkan struktur campuran SMA kasar dan juga pemeriksaan marshall untuk memperoleh karakteristik campuran serta pemeriksaan marshall immertion untuk mendapatkan nilai stabilitas Marshall sisa dengan menggunakan kadar aspal optimum. Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahan berupa Limbah Nikel memenuhi standar syarat Umum, Bina Marga 2018, dan dapat di gunakan sebagai bahan, campuran perkerasan jalan. Kadar aspal yang digunakan pada pengujian Marshall SMA kasar adalah 6,00%, 6,250%, 6,50%, 6,75% , 7,00%. Nilai marshall immertion dengan nilai KOA ialah 7,00% dan didapatkan nilai stabilitas marshall sisa 95,55 % yang telah memenuhi syarat Spesifikasi Umum Bina Marga 2018 yaitu 90%.
Efficient Protocol for In vitro Regeneration of Ocimum sanctum using Nodal Segments as Explants
Authors: Kayani Hammad Afzal , Raziq Mariam , Kazmi Syeda Kahkashan , Naz Sheeba , Khan Saifullah 
Published: May 2021

Ocimum sanctum commonly called (holy basil) an herb containing medicinal, ornamental values, is often used in culinary applications. This research focuses on the improved and efficient protocol for the direct regeneration and acclimatisation of Ocimum sanctum using nodal segments. Organogenesis and multiplication from explants were observed to a maximum on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L of 6-Benzyl amino purine (BAP) and 0.025 mg/L of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Furthermore, same medium was found effective for the induction of roots, in the in-vitro grown plantlets. A series of experiments were conducted to optimise the acclimatisation of in-vitro grown rooted plantlets of Ocimum sanctum. For this study different types of potting mix in assorted ratios were used to obtain best supporting media for the acclimatisation, A7 media containing soil : farmyard manure (75:25) and A1 media containing (100%) sand were found best supporting medium for the acclimatisation and hardening of Ocimum sanctum.
Bioavailability Studies of Vitamin A and E in Indigenous Vegetables and their Potential Use in the Management of HIV and AIDS
Authors: Nambafu Rachel , Swaleh Sauda , Nyambaka Hudson 
Published: May 2021

Levels of vitamins in selected indigenous vegetables in Butula, western Kenya were determined and foods containing high levels of vitamin A and E were used to make food formulation. The bioavailability of these vitamins in food formulation was estimated using algorithm procedure.
Determination of β-carotene and α-tocopherol content was done using HPLC procedure. Fresh blanched vegetables contained high levels of β-carotene; 4000 − 9700 µg/100g and α-tocopherol levels; 3000 − 7350 µg/100g. Solar dried vegetables contained β-carotene levels ranging from 572 − 854 µg/g and α-tocopherol levels ranging from 281 to 673 µg/g dry weights. Solar dried vegetables contained significantly lower (P<0.05) amounts of β-carotene and α-tocopherol as compared with fresh vegetables. The mean serum retinol α-tocopherol and β-carotene levels were 0.937, 0.144 and 17.787µmol/l respectively. Bioavailability estimated using algorithm indicated a +2.17 change in serum β-carotene and +7.776 changes in serum α-tocopherol, a positive indication that consumption of indigenous vegetables can meet the recommended dietary allowances of vitamins A (750 µg retinol equivalent/day) and E (8 mg/day). The bioavailable vitamins are capable of boosting the immune system and therefore delay early use of ARV’S.
Differentials in Vitamin A Supplementation and its Association with Child Morbidity in Ethiopia
Authors: Haile Demewoz , Biadglign Sibhatu 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: To determine the associated factors for childhood vitamin A supplementation and its association with childhood illness in Ethiopia.
Methods: A secondary data analysis was made from Ethiopia Demographic Health Survey (EDHS) 2011. A total of 10,631 children of age 6-59 months were included for this analysis. Binary and multivariable logistic regression model were used in the statistical analysis.
Results: There was a regional difference in vitamin A supplementation coverage in Ethiopia (P <0.001). Absence of checking after delivery was a significant negative predictor of not receiving vitamin A in the last 6 months (AOR 0.771, 95% 0.612-0.97). Infants who were in the age group of 6-11 months were 80% less likely to receive vitamin A in the last 6 months compared to children of age 47-59 months(OR 0.20, 95% CI, 0.151-0.273). There was no statistically significant association between educational status, place of residence, wealth index, place of delivery and ANC attendance with childhood vitamin A supplementation. Vitamin A supplementation was negatively associated with reporting cough [OR 0.864, 95% CI 0.786-951) but not with diarrheal morbidity and fever in the last two weeks.
Conclusions: Absence of checking after delivery and being in the youngest age group were the significant predictors of not receiving vitamin A for the last 6 months. Vitamin A supplementation was not associated with diarrhea and fever morbidity but negatively associated with reporting cough. Provision and promotion of postnatal care and further research with strong study design to investigate the effect of Vitamin A supplementation on childhood illness were recommended.
Formative Work to Design the Packaging of a Lipid-based Nutrient Supplement for a Home Fortification Program in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
Authors: Tripp Katie , Jungjohann Svenja , Clayton Heather , Nanama Simeon , Sandalinas Fanny , Mujinga Winnie , Palma Cristina , Abba Aissata Moussa , Ategbo Eric , Kupka Roland , Mei Zuguo , Nanema Ambroise 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: To determine a culturally appropriate product name and package design that would communicate important usage instructions for a lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) for a target population with diverse languages and low literacy.
Methods: Formative work was conducted in two locations in Katanga region, DRC: Mabaya, a rural village and Kipushi, a peri-urban area. In each site, focus group discussions with parents of children aged 0-24 months (3 with mothers, and 1 with fathers) were conducted. Additionally, two key informant interviews with mothers and health workers were conducted in each location. Two sets of 7 images, one for each LNS sachet in the strip, were tested to assess perceptions of use. Different color options and product names were tested to identify culturally appropriate packaging.
Results: The majority of participants read the different images on the multi sachet strip as a story line. Participants retained the main messages that the strip should convey: Optimal child feeding and care, product use, target group and potential product benefits. All participants recognized the mother and children in the images as "Congolese". Green and brown were identified as suitable colors for the packaging and were associated with qualities such as growth, and healthy development. The names Kulazuri (eating well) and Afiabora (good health) were preferred. A combination of the first two name proposals "Kulabora" (eating better) was decided upon.
Conclusions: The results from this formative assessment were used to finalize the design of the LNS product, which is currently being distributed in Kasenga health zone.
Factors Associated with Anemia in Pregnancy in Cascades Region in Burkina Faso
Authors: Bernard Ilboudo , Blaise Savadogo G. Léon , Maurice Kinda , Robert Guiguemde T. , Michèle Dramaix-wilmet , Philippe Donnen 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: To analyze the factors associated with anemia in pregnancy in the Cascades region in Burkina Faso.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in antenatal clinics of the Cascades region in Burkina Faso during one month from May to June 2012. We collected data on socio-demographics and health characteristics of pregnant women attending these clinics. Hemoglobin was measured to assess anemia. Factors associated with anemia were identified through a multivariate analysis.
Results: A total of 1763 pregnant women, irrespectively of pregnancy stage, were enrolled. The mean (SD) hemoglobin level was 10.6 (1.4) g/dl. The prevalence of anemia in pregnancy was 58.9%, 3.2% of them being severe. Factors associated with anemia were the absence of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria with sulfadoxin-pyrimetamin (OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-1.7), number of pregnancies >6 (OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.9). Moderate consumption of local alcohol extracted from Palmyra was associated with a lower prevalence of anemia (OR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.5-0.9). Surprisingly, anemia was not associated with supplementation with folic acid + iron (p = 0.60).
Conclusions: Interventions which aim to reduce the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy in Burkina Faso should improve the coverage of the intermittent preventive treatment of malaria and support the limitation of births.
Effect of Different Cladding Material and Mulching on the Growth and Yield of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) under Forced Ventilated Greenhouse System
Authors: Reddy D. Mahender , Lalitha R. , Kannan S. Vallal , Raviraj A. 
Published: May 2021

The experiment was conducted at Agricultural Engineering College & Research Institute, Kumulur, (TNAU), Tamil Nadu with the objectives to test the performance of different cladding (blue and white colour polyethylene) and plastic mulches (silver on black colour) on the growth and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L., Fadia F1, hybrid) to find the suitable cultivation practices for obtaining higher yields in semi-arid regions.
The observations of micro climatic parameters such as temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, light intensity and soil temperature were recorded in each polyhouse and at control (open cultivation). The plant growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of branches, date of first flowering, number of fruits, individual fruit weight and leaf- area were recorded among all the treatments.
Among the blue and white polyhouse conditions, favourable solar incidental radiation and light intensity was observed in the white polyhouse as compared to blue polyhouse. Among the plastic mulch and without mulch treatments, the plastic mulch showed negative results under polyhouse cultivation where as positive results on growth and yield parameters at open condition (control). Significant differences were found among the treatments combinations of white poly house condition without mulch treatment on higher fruit size, fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, number of leaves per plant, leaf area and higher yield might be due to higher photosynthetic active radiation than blue polyhouse. The microclimatic condition recorded in blue polyhouse found to be detrimental to the pathogens under certain wave lengths and resulted in lower incidences of pest and diseases but not supported for higher yield due to low light intensity compared to white polyhouse. White polythene film as cladding material for construction of poly house and without mulching is important to achieve higher growth and yield of Cucumber under semi-arid regions.
Chips for Biomaterials and Biomaterials for Chips: Recent Advances at the Interface between Microfabrication and Biomaterials Research
Authors: Guttenplan Alexander P. M. , Tahmasebi Birgani Zeinab , Giselbrecht Stefan , Truckenmüller Roman K. , Habibović Pamela 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn recent years, the use of microfabrication techniques has allowed biomaterials studies which were originally carried out at larger length scales to be miniaturized as so‐called “on‐chip” experiments. These miniaturized experiments have a range of advantages which have led to an increase in their popularity. A range of biomaterial shapes and compositions are synthesized or manufactured on chip. Moreover, chips are developed to investigate specific aspects of interactions between biomaterials and biological systems. Finally, biomaterials are used in microfabricated devices to replicate the physiological microenvironment in studies using so‐called “organ‐on‐chip,” “tissue‐on‐chip” or “disease‐on‐chip” models, which can reduce the use of animal models with their inherent high cost and ethical issues, and due to the possible use of human cells can increase the translation of research from lab to clinic. This review gives an overview of recent developments at the interface between microfabrication and biomaterials science, and indicates potential future directions that the field may take. In particular, a trend toward increased scale and automation is apparent, allowing both industrial production of micron‐scale biomaterials and high‐throughput screening of the interaction of diverse materials libraries with cells and bioengineered tissues and organs.
Emerging of Heterostructure Materials in Energy Storage: A Review
Authors: Li Yu , Zhang Jiawei , Chen Qingguo , Xia Xinhui , Chen Minghua 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWith the ever‐increasing adaption of large‐scale energy storage systems and electric devices, the energy storage capability of batteries and supercapacitors has faced increased demand and challenges. The electrodes of these devices have experienced radical change with the introduction of nano‐scale materials. As new generation materials, heterostructure materials have attracted increasing attention due to their unique interfaces, robust architectures, and synergistic effects, and thus, the ability to enhance the energy/power outputs as well as the lifespan of batteries. In this review, the recent progress in heterostructure from energy storage fields is summarized. Specifically, the fundamental natures of heterostructures, including charge redistribution, built‐in electric field, and associated energy storage mechanisms, are summarized and discussed in detail. Furthermore, various synthesis routes for heterostructures in energy storage fields are roundly reviewed, and their advantages and drawbacks are analyzed. The superiorities and current achievements of heterostructure materials in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), lithium‐sulfur batteries (Li‐S batteries), supercapacitors, and other energy storage devices are discussed. Finally, the authors conclude with the current challenges and perspectives of the heterostructure materials for the fields of energy storage.
From Dilute to Multiple Layers: Bottom‐Up Self‐Assembly of Rough Gold Nanorods as SERS Platform for Quantitative Detection of Thiram in Soil
Authors: Li Xinxin , Lin Xiang , Lin Shuang , Zhou Shijie , Fang Guoqiang , Zhao Haiyan , Wang Li , Cong Shulin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe nanoparticle density (PD) of the substrates is crucial for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance. Here, bottom‐up SERS substrates based on rough gold nanorods (R‐Au NRs) with different PD are fabricated and their SERS property are investigated. In particular, R‐Au NRs are deposited on the Si wafer from sparse to dense through electrostatic interaction and from monolayer to multiple layers by interface self‐assembly technique. It is found that the SERS intensity increases dramatically with increasing PD and remains almost unchanged when the PD increases to 241.22 counts µm−2, and the limited penetration depth of laser is the reason for the intensity saturation. Additionally, similar results are observed in the smooth Au NRs substrates, re‐confirming the PD‐dependent SERS performance. Importantly, the SERS activity of R‐Au NRs substrates is higher than smooth Au NRs substrates in each PD, indicating that R‐Au NRs can produce stronger electromagnetic field enhancement, which is supported by the theoretical simulation results. Finally, it is demonstrated that the optimal SERS substrates can be effectively utilized for the quantitative measurement of thiram in soil. Briefly, the PD of substrates has a great impact on SERS activity, which offers an idea for the design of highly efficient SERS substrates.
Phase and Polarization Modulations Using Radiation‐Type Metasurfaces
Authors: Xu Peng , Tian Han Wei , Jiang Wei Xiang , Chen Zhen Zhong , Cao Tun , Qiu Cheng‐Wei , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMetasurfaces exhibit promising capacities in the manipulation of electromagnetic (EM) waves, as to diverse dimensions like amplitude, phase, and polarization; even multiple dimensions can be synchronously modulated. Despite the rapid progress in enriching regulatory capabilities of EM waves, primary feeds are integral items however bringing profile elevation, energy obstruction, and leakage, both for reflection‐type and transmission‐type metasurfaces. Aiming at maintaining high operating efficiency and in meantime implementing multiple dimensional manipulations of EM waves, the authors present a concise design of radiation‐type metasurfaces, whose distinctive feature stands that each meta‐atom serves not only as geometry phase provider, but as radiator itself so as to spare primary feeds. To further achieve full phase modulation for arbitrary linear polarized radiations and abate innate conjugacy to orthogonal circular polarized radiations, the propagation phase is introduced irrelevant to geometry ones. Based on the radiation‐type metasurface with 0.07‐wavelength low profile, the authors verify experimentally advanced radiation functions for different polarizations like orbital angular momentum beams, asymmetric beams, and time‐reversed focusing. Compared with traditional planar arrays that rely on feeding networks to realize phase modulation, this design provides the possibility to achieve direct phase and polarization modulation at the element level, thus is with less complexity.
Effective Phase‐Alignment for 2D Halide Perovskites Incorporating Symmetric Diammonium Ion for Photovoltaics
Authors: Zhang Yalan , Wen Jialun , Xu Zhuo , Liu Dongle , Yang Tinghuan , Niu Tianqi , Luo Tao , Lu Jing , Fang Junjie , Chang Xiaoming , Jin Shengye , Zhao Kui , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNew structural type of 2D AA′n−1MnX3n+1 type halide perovskites stabilized by symmetric diammonium cations has attracted research attention recently due to the short interlayer distance and better charge‐transport for high‐performance solar cells (PSCs). However, the distribution control of quantum wells (QWs) and its influence on optoelectronic properties are largely underexplored. Here effective phase‐alignment is reported through dynamical control of film formation to improve charge transfer between quantum wells (QWs) for 2D perovskite (BDA)(MA)n‐1PbnI3n+1 (BDA = 1,4‐butanediamine, 〈n〉 = 4) film. The in situ optical spectra reveal a significantly prolonged crystallization window during the perovskite deposition via additive strategy. It is found that finer thickness gradient by n values in the direction orthogonal to the substrate leads to more efficient charge transport between QWs and suppressed charge recombination in the additive‐treated film. As a result, a power conversion efficiency of 14.4% is achieved, which is not only 21% higher than the control one without additive treatment, but also one of the high efficiencies of the low‐n (n ≤ 4) AA′n−1MnX3n+1 PSCs. Furthermore, the bare device retains 92% of its initial PCE without any encapsulation after ambient exposure for 1200 h.