bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of using mebrocarbon mixtures against the Guatemalan potato moth in fresh potato tubers
Authors: Nyamtsu E. , Klechkovskyi Yu. 
Published: February 2025

Goal. To determine the mebrocarbon mixtures with minimum consumption rates of methyl bromide effective against the Guatemalan potato moth (Tecia solanivora Povolny) and to develop fumigation regimes for the protection of fresh potato tubers from this pest.
Methods. Bibliographic and analytical, laboratory, mathematical and statistical methods, as well as the method of analogous modeling were used in the research.
Results. The technical effectiveness of mebrocarbon mixtures against potato moth was determined by the experimental method. Ten mixtures of methyl bromide with carbon dioxide and the standard were studied at a temperature of 4—8°C in four replicates, namely, five at a carbon dioxide temperature of 0°C when introduced into the fumigation space of the chamber and five at a temperature of 25°C. Technical methyl bromide was used as a standard. The standard consumption rate was 60 g/m3. The standard was introduced into the fumigation space of the chamber at a temperature of 25°C. The consumption rates of technical methyl bromide in the mixtures were gradually reduced by 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 70%, i.e., they were 42 g/m3, 36 g/m3, 30 g/m3, 24 g/m3 and 18 g/m3. For CO2, the consumption rate in the mixtures was 160 g/m3. The exposure time corresponded to 5 hours. After the treatment of fresh potato tubers with methyl bromide dosages of 42 g/m3, 36 g/m3, 30 g/ m3, provided that CO2 at a temperature of 0°C was introduced into the fumigation space, no live insects were found in the biotests, i.e. the technical efficiency was 100.00%. In tubers with biotests treated with mixtures with methyl bromide dosages reduced by 60% and 70% (24 g/m3 and 18 g/m3), an average of 1.5 and 5 live insects were found, respectively. At the same time, the technical efficiency was 98.50 and 95.00%, respectively. In the case when carbon dioxide was introduced into the fumigation space at a temperature of 25°C, no live insects were found in the biotests of the first four mebrocarbon mixtures, i.e., the technical efficiency was 100.00%. In the biotests of tubers treated with a mixture with a 70% reduction in CH3Br, i.e., with a consumption rate of 18 g/m3, two live insects were found. The technical efficiency was 98.00%.
Conclusions. Taking into account the results of the research, it is advisable to use mebrocarbon mixtures in the fumigation of imported fresh potato tubers against the quarantine pest Tecia solanivora Pov. At the same time, there is a 2.5-fold reduction in the load of methyl bromide on the environment with 100% treatment efficiency and the absence of its phytotoxic effect on the treated plant products.
Analitycal aspects of the determination of inorganic pesticides in fruit products
Authors: Panchenko T. , Chervyakova L. , Tsurkan O. 
Published: February 2025

Goal. Development of the method of analytical determination of the mixture of phosphoric acid and aluminum phosphite in the fruits of stone and grain crops by the photometric method.
Method. The mixture of active substances was determined by the photometric method. The linear range of dependence of the optical density of solutions of the derivative on the mass concentration of active substances was estimated by a mathematical and statistical method.
Results. The determination of inorganic compounds includes the same steps as the determination of organic compounds: sampling and storage of samples, extraction of the pesticide from the sample, purification of the extract from co-extractive compounds and concentration, identification and quantification by an appropriate method. Taking into account that aluminum phosphite and phosphoric acid are polar compounds (according to the extraction method), the mixture of the active substances under study is extracted with a solution of mineral acid with an appropriate dielectric constant. Identification of the phosphite mixture is carried out after performing a qualitative reaction of phosphorus-molybdenum derivative formation. The quantitative determination of the mixture of phosphoric acid and aluminum phosphite in the sample is determined by the calibration dependence of the optical density of the resulting solution of phosphorus-molybdenum derivative (D) on the mass concentration of phosphites in the extract (C, μg/ml). This dependence is linear in the concentration range of 0.25—0.50 μg/ml and is described by the regression equation D = 0.0450 × С + 0.0091.
Conclusion. The developed method for determining the mixture of phosphoric acid and aluminum phosphite provides for the determination of the mass fraction of active substances in stone fruit and pome fruits in the concentration range from 0.10 mg/kg to 2.00 mg/kg with high accuracy (2.7—6.6%) and reproducibility and can be used to control the quality of fruit products at the level of hygienic standards.
Hormonal preparations on the productivity and morphological parameters of potato wart differentiator varieties indicators in culture in vitro
Authors: Safronova T. 
Published: February 2025

Goal. To study the impact of hormonal origin preparations under controlled conditions on the ontogenesis and productivity of potato varieties-differentiators in culture in vitro.
Methods. The researches conducted in biotechnological laboratory of agriculturaal crops Ukrainian science-research plant quarantine station Institute of Plant Protection NAAS. The Murasige-Skoog (MS) nutrient medium was used with adding of various concentration of growth regulators: Epin-Maxi (2.4-epibrassinolide, 0.012 g/l) and Poteytin (2.6-dimethylpyridine-1-oxide with succinic acid, 0.15 mg/l) in the presence of adenine (0.5 mg/l) in the medium during the experiment. The study was conducted on potato wart cultivar — differentiators of different ripeness groups: Glazurna — early, Chervona Ruta-medium-ripened. The plants were grown in a cultivation room at a 16-hour photoperiod with a lighting intensity of 2000—2500 Lx, a temperature of 21—25°C and an air humidity of 60—80%. Each cultivar cuttings were carried out in the amount of 25 plants, with three times repetition of the experiment.
Results. The morphogenesis were the highest in comparison with control during the input into the nutrient medium MS growth medium Epin-Maxxi (0.025 g/l) or Poteytin (0.3 mg/l). The increased ability to grow and form more internodes was recorded on 10—15% on 21 st day of cultivation. The root forming intensity was determined during the present phytohormones adding. The microtubers average number and average mass increased.
Conclusions. The researched preparations usage allowed to increase productivity cultivar-differentiators for wart potato in culture in vitro with minimal costs. Growth stimulators Epin-Maxi and Poteytin increased the morphometric indexes at plants during their input into the medium. They favored the culture growth and development. They favored the root-forming of potato plants and microtubers quantity increase. Adenine, is as a component of nucleic acids and coenzymes. It plays an important role in plant metabolism. It favors the effective energy usage and impacts on photosynthesis intensity. It causes the Adenine impact as cytoconin on potato growth, development and resistance to stress factors (drought, excessive moisture nutrient lack).
Аllelopatic influence of weeds on corn seed germination
Authors: Sergienko V. , Tyshchuk O. , Balan G. , Tsurkan R. 
Published: February 2025

Goal. To investigate the effect of water extracts of weeds on the germination of corn seeds.
Methods. Informational and analytical, laboratory research, mathematical and statistical. Weed plants (10 g) were crushed, poured with boiling water (200 ml), infused until cooled, 1 ml of the finished solution was taken and placed in Petri dishes and corn seeds were laid out. Seed germination was recorded after 3—4 days. The effect of aqueous extracts of 17 types of weeds was investigated.
Results. Weed plants showed both inhibitory and stimulating effects on the germination of corn seeds. Seeds germinated intensively with 100% germination in plant extracts of Chenopodium album L., Setaria glauca L. and Galium aparine L. Other species inhibited seed germination to one degree or another. The greatest suppression was shown by the plants of Barbaréa vulgáris R. Br., Polygonum convolvulus L., Elymus repens (L.) Gould and Erigeron canadensis L., in the extracts of which only 65—75.0% of seeds. A slight inhibitory effect on the germination of corn seeds was also exerted by sorghum, birch mustard, common flatleaf, and yellow thistle with a germination rate of 80%, 83% and 85%. In the extracts of such plants as Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Convolvulus arvensis L., Taraxacum officinale Wigg., Portulaca oleracea L., Equisetum arvense L. maize seed germination had a depressed appearance, with small stems without root formation, indicating an indirect effect of these plants on maize seed germination.
Conclusions. Water-soluble secretions from weed plants showed a direct inhibitory, mediated, or stimulating effect on the germination of corn seeds. Chenopodium album L., Setaria glauca L. and Galium aparine L. had no negative effect on corn seed germination. However, most weeds inhibited seed germination. The greatest suppression was shown by the extracts of Barbaréa vulgáris R. Br., Polygonum convolvulus L. and Erigeron canadensis L.
Assessment of the influence of weather conditions and the protection system on the development of harmful organisms in the Western Forest zone
Authors: Snizhok O. , Pershuta V. 
Published: February 2025

Goal. To study the influence of weather conditions and protection system on the species composition of pests on sunflower crops in the Western Polissya region.
Methods. Visual — to determine the phenological phases of growth and development of the crop; counting — to determine the development of diseases, pests, parameters of the crop structure and crop yield; chemical — to determine the content of nutrients in the soil; mathematical and statistical — to assess the reliability of the research results.
Results. It was found that in the sunflower agrocenosis, weather conditions and the protection system have a significant impact on the species composition of pests in the Western Polissya region. It was found that climate change (the average annual air temperature in Ukraine has increased by more than 0.9°C over the past century) and the creation of new early-ripening sunflower varieties and hybrids have led to favorable conditions for growing the crop in the Western regions. The analysis of statistical data showed that the area under sunflower in Rivne region increased from 3 thou hectares in 2015 to 49 thou hectares in 2023, and in Volyn region — from 2 to 41.8 thou hectares. However, these regions are subject to fluctuating weather conditions, with heavy short-term rains alternating with drought. Violations of agricultural practices also contribute to the problem. These factors lead to an increase in pathogenic infections and the number of weeds. Studies have shown that the species composition and development of diseases and weeds are directly dependent on weather conditions. In 2022, the average daily air temperature was 11.1°C, which is 2.0°C lower than long-term data, and there was 49.6 mm of precipitation (the climatic norm is 24 mm). Such weather conditions significantly slowed down the development of sunflower and contributed to a high density of weeds (816.0 plants/m2). In 2021 and 2023, the number of weeds did not exceed 487 units/m2. During the growing season, the optimum air temperature (19.8°C) and frequent precipitation (283.8 mm of precipitation) in 2022 caused a significant development of septoria (30.2—32.4%) and white rot on sunflower stems (28.0—35.0%) in variants without fungicides, and the development on baskets was 59.0—65.0%.
Conclusions. In the Western Polissya zone, the most common weeds during (2021—2023) were common spurge (Echinochloa crus-galli L.), wild violet (Viola arvensis Murr.), common bindweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), white quinoa (Chenopodium album L.), bindweed (Polygonum convolvulus L.), pink thistle (Cirsium arvense L.), medium starthistle (Polygonum convolvulus L.), rape stubble (Brassica napus L.), common shepherd’s purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris L.); diseases — Septoria helianthi Ell. and white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Lib.).
Monitoring of the invasive species Rhagolethis completa Cresson and the harmfulness of flies that damages walnut fruits
Authors: Fron A. , Iordosopol O. , Batco M. 
Published: February 2025

Goal. The study aimed primarily at monitoring the walnut fly Rhagoletis complete Cresson and other fly species damaging the walnut tree Juglans regia L.
Methods. Monitoring of the walnut fly R. completa was conducted using EC Firuț traps with food attractants and yellow Card Cue traps, placed 2.5 meters above the ground. The traps were installed at the end of May and the beginning of June, both in industrial walnut orchards and isolated walnut stands in urban areas.
Results. Harvesting of damaged fruits began in mid-August, and the analysis involved removing the endocarp and examining the kernel to count the ontogenetic stages of pest species. During, the spring-summer period, no walnut flies were found in the traps, but a few specimens of Rhagolethis cerasi were observed. By the end of summer, two species of flies were identified. The first species, Polyodaspis ruficornis, the second species, Odinia meijerei. They can be taxonomically differentiated by pupae and adults.
Conclusions. Monitoring with food pheromones did not indicate the presence of R. completa in the central region of Moldova, but characteristic damage of this species was observed. Fruit analysis showed that the damage was caused by the cereal fly P. ruficornis. Maximally, up to 97 pupae and larvae were found in a single fruit. In the stations, an average number of 0.01 to 18.4 per 50 analyzed fruits was recorded, which constituted 68% of affected fruits. Additionally, parasitism of the pupae by more than two species of parasites and from the Pteromalidae, Eulophidae families was observed. The results underscore the importance of ongoing monitoring and research of local pests, as well as their significant impact on walnut production in Moldova. The study highlights the need for effective pest management measures to protect walnut crops and maintain sustainable production.
Potato tracheomycosis development through the climat aridization
Authors: Andriychuk T. 
Published: February 2025

Goal. To evaluate the damage of potatoes by tracheomycoses and to identify the most common tracheomycotic diseases, to study the symptoms of diseases, to analyze and clarify their etiology.
Methods. The research was conducted during 2022—2023 at the Ukrainian Research Station of Plant Quarantine of the Institute of Plant Protection, using field (survey of potato plantations to identify and establish the spread of tracheomycotic diseases of potatoes) and laboratory (identification of pathogens) methods.
Results. Studies conducted during 2022—2023 showed that tracheomycosis is a significant disease of potatoes. The main pathogens that dominated the potato plantations were the fungi Fusarium oxysporum Schl., Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke and Berthold; Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes. The first manifestations of wilting, both in 2022 and 2023, were observed in the second decade of June in the budding-flowering phase. The number of affected bushes of different varieties ranged from 11 to 25%. In the second half of the growing season, the number of affected bushes increased to 35%, each of them had several dried stems. By the end of the potato growing season, wilt damage of various etiologies had already reached 65—75%. The surveys and analysis of the selected samples showed that Fusarium wilt was the most widespread in the research area in 2022 and 2023. The disease prevalence in 2022 for different varieties was 27.2—36.7%. Verticillium wilt was less common, the number of affected bushes of the studied varieties was 10.5—22.1%. In the third decade of July, symptoms of anthracnose were detected. The disease prevalence in 2022 was 14.3—25.3%. A similar situation was observed in 2023 with the dominance of Fusarium wilt, the prevalence of which was 31.7—45.3%.
Conclusions. Changes in climatic conditions have led to a significant spread of wilt diseases (Fusarium wilt, verticillium wilt, anthracnose) of potatoes and now pose a threat to the production of quality seed and food potatoes.
Network pharmacology and in vivo study: Unraveling the therapeutic mechanisms of Panax ginseng in potentially treating ulcerative colitis
Authors: Qin Yan , Zhang Rui-Ya , Zhang Yu , Zhao Yi-Qing , Hao Hai-Feng , Wang Jun-Ping 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic and challenging condition, necessitates the development of more effective treatments owing to the unsatisfactory efficacy and side effects associated with current medications. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), known for its multi-stage and multi-targeted approach, has a long history in treating gastrointestinal diseases and offering a promising alternative UC treatment. Panax ginseng (P. ginseng ), a commonly used remedy for UC in TCM, exemplifies this potential, although the specific components and mechanisms through which its therapeutic effects are exerted remain to be fully elucidated, highlighting the need for further research to unlock its full potential as a treatment option.
AIM
To investigate the key constituents and biological pathways through which P. ginseng exerts therapeutic effects on UC.
METHODS
Network pharmacology investigated the UC-alleviating mechanism of P. ginseng , including “active ingredient-target-disease” network analysis, and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses. Panaxadiol (PD; active ingredient of P. ginseng ) was tested in a mouse model of 3% dextran sulfate sodium-induced UC, with assessments of body weight, Disease Activity Index scores, and colon length. Colitis and intestinal barrier integrity were analyzed via hematoxylin-eosin and Alcian blue and periodic acid-Schiff staining, immunohistochemistry, real time-quantitative PCR, and western blotting.
RESULTS
By integrating and analyzing the targets of P. ginseng and UC, 15 critical hub genes were discovered. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed the mechanisms involved to be linked to MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling. Among the 10 main active ingredients identified as potentially effective, PD was most abundant and was validated in vivo to mitigate weight loss, reduce Disease Activity Index scores, and prevent colon shortening. PD also reduced inflammation and suppressed expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators. In addition, PD increased expression of mucin and tight junction proteins. Ultimately, PD counteracted effects of dextran sulfate sodium by inhibiting phosphorylation of NF-кB and MAPK, while increasing phosphorylation of AMPK and expression of NRF2 and NQO1.
CONCLUSION
PD alleviates colitis and aids intestinal barrier repair, partly via modulation of the MAPK/NF-кB and AMPK/NRF2/NQO1 pathways. These findings also suggest new research methods for treatment of UC with TCM.
Oxidative stress-induced circSOD2 inhibits osteogenesis through sponging miR-29b in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Li Liang-Ping , Chen Xiao-Ying , Liu Hong-Bo , Zhu Yi , Xie Min-Jie , Li Yong-Jian , Luo Meng , Albahde Mugahed , Zhang Hong-Yu , Lou Jian-Ying 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is characterized by lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and is closely associated with oxidative stress. Increasing clinical evidence indicates that MAFLD is linked to bone metabolic disorders, including osteoporosis. Recent studies indicate that the expression profiles of liver circular RNAs (circRNAs) are altered in MAFLD. However, the effects of these changes on bone metabolism remain poorly understood.
AIM
To investigate the effects and mechanism of differently expressed circRNAs secreted by the liver on osteogenic differentiation in MAFLD.
METHODS
RNA sequencing was performed to identify highly expressed circRNAs in the liver, validated by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and localized using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). A mouse model induced by a high-fat diet was used to simulate MAFLD.
RESULTS
CircSOD2 was significantly upregulated in liver tissues and primary hepatocytes from subjects with MAFLD. CircSOD2 was induced by oxidative stress and attenuated by antioxidants in the mouse model. In addition, circSOD2 was delivered from hepatocytes to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Furthermore, circSOD2 inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and in vivo bone formation by sponging miR-29b. Moreover, miR-29b inhibition reversed the stimulatory effect of circSOD2 silencing on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and in vivo bone formation. Mechanistically, the interaction between circSOD2 and miR-29b confirmed through a luciferase reporter assay and the co-localization in the cytoplasm evidenced by FISH indicated that circSOD2 acted as a sponge for miR-29b.
CONCLUSION
This study provides a novel mechanism underlying the liver-bone crosstalk, demonstrating that circSOD2 upregulation in hepatocytes, induced by oxidative stress, inhibits osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by sponging miR-29b. These findings offer a better understanding of the relationship between MAFLD and osteoporosis.
Reward responses to vicarious feeding depend on body mass index
Authors: Järvinen Lili , Santavirta Severi , Putkinen Vesa , Karlsson Henry K. , Seppälä Kerttu , Sun Lihua , Hudson Matthew , Hirvonen Jussi , Nuutila Pirjo , Nummenmaa Lauri 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Eating is inherently social for humans. Yet, most neuroimaging studies of appetite and food-induced reward have focused on studying brain responses to food intake or viewing pictures of food alone. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure haemodynamic responses to “vicarious” feeding. The subjects (n = 97) viewed series of short videos representing naturalistic episodes of social eating intermixed with videos without feeding/appetite-related content. Viewing the vicarious feeding (versus control) videos activated motor and premotor cortices, thalamus, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, consistent with somatomotor and affective engagement. Responses to the feeding videos were negatively correlated with the participants’ body mass index. Altogether these results suggest that seeing others eating engages the corresponding motor and affective programs in the viewers’ brain, potentially increasing appetite and promoting mutual feeding.