bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severe recalled labor pain and elective cesarean section in a subsequent delivery: a cohort study of Norwegian parous women
Authors: Junge Carolin , von Soest Tilmann , Seidler Andreas , Eberhard‐Gran Malin , Garthus‐Niegel Susan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionSome women keep on recalling intense labor pain experienced at childbirth to a degree that may negatively affect their life during the postpartum period or lead them to request a cesarean section (CS) in the subsequent delivery. This longitudinal study aimed to assess the impact of severe recalled labor pain from the previous birth on the preference for and delivery by an elective CS in the subsequent delivery. Furthermore, we investigated whether co‐occurring maternal demographic, somatic and mental health factors related to the previous and subsequent delivery, explain parts of a potential association.Material and methodsThe study sample comprised 1135 parous women from the Akershus Birth Cohort. Severe recalled labor pain was assessed on a numeric rating scale at pregnancy week 17, and at pregnancy week 32, the preference for an elective CS for the subsequent delivery was assessed. Information on actual delivery by elective CS in the subsequent delivery was retrieved from the electronic birth record. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the impact of severe recalled labor pain on elective CS.ResultsSevere recalled labor pain at the previous birth was associated with a preference for an elective CS (odds ratio [OR] 3.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.25–5.67) and actual delivery by elective CS (OR 4.71, 95% CI 2.32–9.59). This association remained statistically significant for the preference for an elective CS (adjusted OR [aOR] 2.12, 95% CI 1.24–3.62) but diminished for delivery by elective CS (aOR 2.30, 95% CI 0.99‐5.35) when adjusting for a variety of covariates. Factors related to previous childbirth such as number of years since previous birth, assisted vaginal delivery, anal sphincter lesions, overall birth experience and fear of childbirth were also linked to preference for and delivery by an elective CS.ConclusionsWomen with severe recalled labor pain were about twice as likely to prefer an elective CS compared with women without severe recalled pain. For actual delivery, the significant association with severe recalled pain diminished after adjustment for covariates. However, sample size was small and, irrespective of severe recalled labor pain, preference for an elective CS was statistically significantly associated with actual delivery by elective CS.
Editorial: type D personality and its relationship with depression and disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease—authors' reply
Authors: Jordi Sebastian Bruno Ulrich , Misselwitz Benjamin , Begré Stefan 
Published: June 2021

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Jordi et al and Knowles & Mikocka‐Walus papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16365 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16379
The mechanisms of interest and perseverance in predicting achievement among academically resilient and non‐resilient students: Evidence from Swedish longitudinal data
Authors: Thorsen Cecilia , Yang Hansen Kajsa , Johansson Stefan 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundStudents with low socio‐economic status (SES) are typically depicted as low performers and more likely to fail in school. However, a group of students, despite their background, manage to succeed in school. The capacity to overcome adversities and achieve successful educational outcomes is referred to as Academic Resilience. Research on the relationship between personality traits and academic performance shows that conscientiousness is a crucial factor in predicting academic success and resilience. However, it has also been shown that achievement is a result of an interaction between conscientiousness and students’ interest in the subject.AimsThe study aims to investigate how students’ school‐related perseverance and interest predict academic achievement among resilient and non‐resilient pupils over time in the Swedish compulsory school setting.SampleStudy subjects were a subset (N = 1,665) of the sampled compulsory school students from the 1992 birth cohort in the evaluation through follow‐up (ETF) database.MethodsMultigroup structural equation modelling (SEM) with latent variable interaction was used. Measurement invariance was tested to examine the comparability of the constructs across groups.ResultsThe results suggest that resilient students rely heavily on both perseverance of effort and interest in school subjects to succeed in their education. For the non‐resilient group, the later perseverance level was conditioned on the level of the interest, and neither their early nor later grade interest was related to their achievement.ConclusionsThe academically resilient students displayed more consistency in interest and perseverance over time, which might explain their relative success compared to the non‐resilient group.
Performance characteristics of platelet autoantibody testing for the diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia using strict clinical criteria
Authors: Gabe Caroline , Sirotich Emily , Li Na , Ivetic Nikola , Nazy Ishac , Smith James , Kelton John G. , Arnold Donald M. 
Published: June 2021

SummaryMisclassification of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is common, which might undermine the value of platelet autoantibody testing. We determined the sensitivity and specificity of platelet autoantibody testing using the direct antigen capture assay for anti‐glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa or anti‐GPIbIX in patients with ‘definite ITP’, defined as those with a documented treatment response. Sensitivity of platelet autoantiboody testing increased from 48·3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 43·5–53·2] for all ITP patients to 64·7% (95% CI 54·6–73·9) for definite ITP patients. Specificity was unchanged [75·3% (95% CI 67·5–82·1)]. High optical density values (>0·8) improved the specificity of platelet autoantibody testing but lowered sensitivity. In patients with a high pretest probability, platelet autoantibodies can aid in the diagnosis of ITP and may be most prevalent in certain patient subsets.
Circumcision versus preputioplasty for balanitis xerotica obliterans: a randomised controlled feasibility trial
Authors: Lansdale Nick , Arthur Felicity , Corbett Harriet J. 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesTo determine: (i) feasibility for a randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing circumcision to preputioplasty and intralesional triamcinolone (PIT) to treat balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) and (ii) patient outcomes to inform future study design.Patients and MethodsApproval was obtained from the UK Health Research Authority and local Research Ethics Committee (Reference 16/NW/0364) and the trial protocol registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02854995). A total of 20 boys (aged 2–16 years) with BXO were randomised to either circumcision or PIT (online parallel group 1:1 allocation, non‐blinded). Exclusion criteria were: (i) previous penile surgery and (ii) contraindication for either treatment. Follow‐up (including satisfaction questionnaire) was at 6 weeks, 3 and 12 months. Data are presented as median (interquartile range [IQR]), continuous variables were compared by t‐test.ResultsA total of 54 boys were approached over 18 months: 23 (45%) were recruited and randomised. The commonest reason for non‐entry was treatment preference: 12 preferred circumcision, 18 preferred PIT. Four patients withdrew after randomisation, three did not want circumcision and one did not want PIT. The groups were similar in terms of age (median [IQR] 11 [6–12] vs 8 [7–10] years, P = 0.53) and duration of symptoms (median [IQR] 6 [6–15] vs 6 [2–24] months, P = 0.77). There were no protocol breaches, serious adverse events or postoperative meatal stenosis. There was one self‐resolving haematoma after PIT and one suture granuloma after circumcision. Two boys went on to have a circumcision after PIT. Overall, satisfaction levels were high for both groups.ConclusionA definitive RCT of circumcision vs PIT for BXO appears feasible, with 39% of those approached completing the trial. More families preferred PIT. A robust comparison in the form of a multicentred RCT is required.
A disease‐specific metabolic imaging marker for diagnosis and progression evaluation of semantic variant primary progressive aphasia
Authors: Lu Jiaying , Huang Lin , Lv Yingru , Peng Shichun , Xu Qian , Li Ling , Ge Jingjie , Zhang Huiwei , Guan Yihui , Zhao Qianhua , Guo Qihao , Chen Keliang , Wu Ping , Ma Yilong , Zuo Chuantao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeThe diagnosis and monitoring of semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (sv‐PPA) are clinically challenging. We aimed to establish a distinctive metabolic pattern in sv‐PPA for diagnosis and severity evaluation.MethodsFifteen sv‐PPA patients and 15 controls were enrolled to identify sv‐PPA‐related pattern (sv‐PPARP) by principal component analysis of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Eighteen Alzheimer disease dementia (AD) and 14 behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bv‐FTD) patients were enrolled to test the discriminatory power. Correspondingly, regional metabolic activities extracted from the voxelwise analysis were evaluated for the discriminatory power.ResultsThe sv‐PPARP was characterized as decreased metabolic activity mainly in the bilateral temporal lobe (left predominance), middle orbitofrontal gyrus, left hippocampus/parahippocampus gyrus, fusiform gyrus, insula, inferior orbitofrontal gyrus, and striatum, with increased activity in the bilateral lingual gyrus, cuneus, calcarine gyrus, and right precentral and postcentral gyrus. The pattern expression had significant discriminatory power (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.98, sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 94.4%) in distinguishing sv‐PPA from AD, and the asymmetry index offered complementary discriminatory power (AUC = 0.91, sensitivity = 86.7%, specificity = 92.9%) in distinguishing sv‐PPA from bv‐FTD. In sv‐PPA patients, the pattern expression correlated with Boston Naming Test scores at baseline and showed significant increase in the subset of patients with follow‐up. The voxelwise analysis showed similar topography, and the regional metabolic activities had equivalent or better discriminatory power and clinical correlations with Boston Naming Test scores. The ability to reflect disease progression in longitudinal follow‐up seemed to be inferior to the pattern expression.ConclusionsThe sv‐PPARP might serve as an objective biomarker for diagnosis and progression evaluation.
Clinical manifestations and long‐term outcome of early Lyme neuroborreliosis according to the European Federation of Neurological Societies diagnostic criteria (definite versus possible) in central Europe. A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Stupica Daša , Bajrović Fajko F. , Blagus Rok , Cerar Kišek Tjaša , Collinet‐Adler Stefan , Lah Anja , Levstek Eva , Ružić‐Sabljić Eva 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeThe characteristics and long‐term outcome of Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) according to diagnostic certainty (definite vs. possible) are incompletely understood.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study of adults with definite or possible LNB, clinical and microbiological characteristics and long‐term outcome over 12 months were evaluated at a single medical center. Severity of acute disease and long‐term outcome were assessed using a composite clinical score encompassing clinical findings and symptoms and by the probability of incomplete recovery.ResultsAmongst 311 adult patients enrolled from 2008 to 2017, 139 (44.7%) had definite LNB and 172 (55.3%) had possible LNB. The most frequent LNB manifestation was cranial neuropathy with or without meningitis (53.4%). Patients with definite LNB more often had Bannwarth syndrome (53.2% vs. 18.6%), more severe disease (6 points vs. 4 points), longer pre‐treatment duration (median 21 days vs. 13.5 days), higher cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis (median 139 × 106/L vs. 11 × 106/L) and higher rate of Borrelia seropositivity (84.2% vs. 68.6%) than those with possible LNB. Ceftriaxone was prescribed more often than oral doxycycline in definite LNB than in possible LNB (96.4% vs. 65.7%). Unfavorable outcomes decreased during follow‐up, being higher in patients with more severe disease at enrollment and in those with possible LNB, but were not associated with antibiotic therapy.ConclusionsEarly LNB, most often presenting as cranial neuropathy, was definitively diagnosed in less than half of cases. A better diagnostic approach is needed to confirm borrelial etiology. Ceftriaxone was not superior to doxycycline in the treatment of early LNB, regardless of diagnostic certainty.In this retrospective cohort study of 311 adults with Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB), allocated according to diagnostic certainty, early LNB was definitively diagnosed in less than half of cases and the most frequent LNB manifestation was cranial neuropathy with or without meningitis. Patients with definite LNB more often had Bannwarth syndrome, more severe disease, longer pre‐treatment duration, higher cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and higher rate of Borrelia seropositivity than those with possible LNB. A better diagnostic approach is needed to confirm borrelial etiology. Ceftriaxone was not superior to doxycycline in the treatment of early LNB, regardless of diagnostic certainty.
Leading indicators for US house prices: New evidence and implications for EU financial risk managers
Authors: Basse Tobias , Kunze Frederik , Rodriguez Gonzalez Miguel , Saft Danilo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study draws on machine learning as a means to causal inference for econometric investigation. We utilize the concept of transfer entropy to examine the relationship between the US National Association of Home Builders Index and the S&P CoreLogic Case‐Shiller 20 City Composite Home Price Index (SPCS20). The empirical evidence implies that the survey data can help to predict US house prices. This finding extends the results of Granger causality tests performed by Rodriguez Gonzalez et al. in 2018 using a new machine learning approach that methodologically differs from traditional methods in empirical financial research.
Limited added value of negative pressure wound therapy compared with calcium alginate dressings for second intention healing in a noncontaminated and contaminated equine distal limb wound model
Authors: Haspeslagh Maarten , Van Hecke Lore L. , Hermans Katleen , Chiers Koen , Pint Eva , Wilmink Jacintha M. , Martens Ann M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundDistal limb wounds in horses often show aberrant healing due to a slow inflammatory response. In human medicine, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is used for the treatment of chronic wounds with a similar inflammatory response.ObjectivesTo compare the effect of NPWT to calcium alginate dressings on the healing of (non) contaminated equine distal limb wounds.Study designControlled experiment.MethodsCircular wounds were created on the left and right dorsomedial metacarpus of 10 horses. In five horses, the wounds were contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In all horses, one limb was treated with NPWT, the other with calcium alginate dressings. Treatments were applied during nine days for noncontaminated wounds and six days for contaminated wounds. Noninvasive (clinical assessment, bacteriology swabs, thermographic images and wound dimensions) and invasive (biopsies for histology and growth factor analysis) measurements were taken regularly for 71 and 29 days respectively. Effects of selected parameters on continuous dependent variables were analysed using ANOVA, while for discrete dependent variables, logistic regression was applied.ResultsIn noncontaminated wounds, there was significantly less wound retraction in the early healing stages when treated with NPWT (mean difference [95% CI] = 19.2% [13.3%‐25.1%]; P = .005), although wound size was not significantly different between NPWT and control wounds at later healing stages. Noncontaminated control wounds had a significantly higher neutrophil influx (OR [95% CI] = 1.99 [1.49‐2.66]; P < .001) and lower macrophage influx (OR [95% CI] = 0.75 [0.60‐0.93]; P = .008) compared with NPWT‐treated wounds. Bacterial load and the presence of growth factors did not differ between treatments in noncontaminated wounds. In contaminated wounds, no differences between treatments were observed in wound size, histological parameters, bacterial load or growth factor concentration.Main limitationsSample size is small.ConclusionsNo long‐term advantage was detected with NPWT compared with calcium alginate dressings in noncontaminated or contaminated equine distal limb wounds healing by second intention.
Hydrophilic property of titanium oxide aiming for bio‐applications
Authors: Ishikawa Toshihiro , Niidome Katsuya 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSurface functionalization of titanium metal is very attractive for bio‐ and environmental applications. This is because titanium metal is very stable and has a good biocompatibility. In this case, surface roughness and crystalline structure are important factors for obtaining effective characteristics. Titanium metal is usually covered with a surface passive film of thermodynamically stable rutile‐TiO2 that grows as the heat treatment temperature in air increases. On the other hand, to obtain an anatase‐TiO2 surface layer on titanium metal, we must employ specific treatments such as our previous method, which uses a silica‐coexisting heat‐treatment process. In this paper, the relationship between the fine structure formed on the titanium metal and the surface hydrophilic property was clarified, and the potential for the bio‐application was discussed. The formed anatase‐TiO2 coexisting with silica exhibited improved biocompatibility with good apatite formation.
Equilibrium effort in games with homogeneous production functions and homogeneous valuation
Authors: Ferrarese Walter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study, I analyze games in which the functions mapping a vector of efforts into each player's share of the prize and its value exhibit an arbitrary degree of homogeneity. I present a simple way to compute the equilibrium strategy and sufficient conditions for a unique interior symmetric pure‐strategy Nash equilibrium. The setup nests Malueg and Yates (2006), who exploit homogeneity for rent‐seeking contests with exogenous prize valuation, and shows that homogeneity can be used to solve (i) a wider range of rent‐seeking contests and (ii) other classes of games, like Cournot games with nonlinear inverse demand and possibly non homogeneous goods.
Low‐pathogenicity influenza viruses replicate differently in laughing gulls and mallards
Authors: Criado Miria F. , Moresco Kira A. , Stallknecht David E. , Swayne David E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWild aquatic birds are natural reservoirs of low‐pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs). Laughing gulls inoculated with four gull‐origin LPAIVs (H7N3, H6N4, H3N8, and H2N3) had a predominate respiratory infection. By contrast, mallards inoculated with two mallard‐origin LPAIVs (H5N6 and H4N8) became infected and had similar virus titers in oropharyngeal (OP) and cloacal (CL) swabs. The trend toward predominate OP shedding in gulls suggest a greater role of direct bird transmission in maintenance, whereas mallards shedding suggests importance of fecal‐oral transmission through water contamination. Additional infectivity and pathogenesis studies are needed to confirm this replication difference for LPAI viruses in gulls.
Design and synthesis of a novel spinnable polyborazine precursor with high ceramic yield via one‐pot copolymerization
Authors: Du Yiang , Wang Bing , Li Wei , Song Quzhi , Shao Changwei , Han Cheng , Wang Yingde 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSynthesis of spinnable precursors with high ceramic yield is a crucial issue in BN fibers manufacturing by polymer‐derived ceramics (PDCs) route. Spinnability and high ceramic yield are the basis of precursor processability, formability, and mechanical properties. Herein, based on DFT simulation, we designed and synthesized a novel polymer precursor poly[2‐propylamino‐4,6‐bis(methylamino) borazine‐co‐tri(methylamino) borazine] (PPMAB) via a facile one‐pot copolymerization strategy. The random copolymerization model of condensations was obtained through DFT calculation. The molecular chain structure, molecular weight, and molecular weight distribution were optimized by adjusting the synthesis conditions. The precursor PPMAB‐1:1 with a high ceramic yield of 62.43% and concentrated molecular weight distribution (PDI < 1.3) was obtained. Rheological performance research revealed the excellent and stable spinnability of PPMAB‐1:1 by the tunable viscosity and low flow activation energy (23.61 kJ/mol). As a demonstration of spinnability, continuous BN fiber with a fine diameter (>10 km, 7.60 ± 1.13 μm, and 1.6 GPa) was obtained after melt spinning. The present work effectively improved the ceramic yield and spinnability of polyborazine precursors. Simultaneously, it can be used extensively as a universal method to prepare multifunctional copolymers with precise structure control.
Morph‐specific life‐history correlations in a wing‐dimorphic water strider
Authors: Hyun Hyoseul , Han Chang S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLife‐history theory predicts a negative correlation between reproduction and survival because individuals differ in their investment in early reproduction at the expense of survival. However, life‐history trade‐offs can be masked when individual differences in resource allocation are smaller than those in resource acquisition. In polymorphic species, as distinct morphs exhibit differences in intrinsic physiology, the relative effects of resource acquisition and allocation on life‐history traits will differ between morphs, contributing to morph‐specific life‐history correlations. Here, in the wing‐dimorphic water strider Aquarius paludum, we found that wing morphs differed in within‐morph individual‐level life‐history correlations. Longer‐lived flight‐capable long‐winged females produced fewer eggs per day and matured later, whereas life‐history trade‐offs were not observed in short‐winged flightless females. The survival–reproduction trade‐off observed in long‐winged females may be a result of individual differences in the timing of wing muscle histolysis. Individuals that underwent wing histolysis early would have increased reproduction at the expense of a shorter life, whereas individuals with late wing histolysis would have reduced reproduction but a longer life. Short‐winged females, who never develop wings, effectively have more resources to allocate to both survival and reproduction, masking any life‐history trade‐offs. Thus, we suggest that morph‐specific effects of resource allocation trade‐offs can shape the morph‐specific extent of individual variation in life‐history strategies, which may contribute to the evolution and maintenance of within‐species polymorphism.