bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perioperative circulating tumor DNA as a potential prognostic marker for operable stage I to IIIA non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Li Ning , Wang Bao‐Xiao , Li Jian , Shao Yang , Li Ming‐Tian , Li Jian‐Jun , Kuang Peng‐Peng , Liu Zui , Sun Tian‐Yu , Wu Hui‐Qi , Ou Wei , Wang Si‐Yu 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundCirculating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a noninvasive biomarker for dynamically monitoring tumors. However, published data on perioperative ctDNA in patients with operable non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are currently limited.MethodsThis prospective study recruited 123 patients with resectable stage I to IIIA NSCLC. Preoperative and postoperative plasma samples and tumor tissue samples were subjected to next‐generation sequencing with a panel of 425 cancer‐related genes. Peripheral blood samples were collected before surgery, postoperatively within 1 month, and every 3 to 6 months for up to 3 years.ResultsAfter 4 exclusions, 119 eligible patients were enrolled from June 2016 to February 2019. Presurgical ctDNA was detectable in 29 of 117 patients (24.8%) and was associated with inferior recurrence‐free survival (RFS; hazard ratio [HR], 2.42; 95% CI, 1.11‐5.27; P = .022) and inferior overall survival (OS; HR, 5.54; 95% CI, 1.01‐30.35; P = .026). Similarly, ctDNA was detected in 12 of 116 first postsurgical samples (10.3%) and was associated with shorter RFS (HR, 3.04; 95% CI, 1.22‐7.58; P = .012). During surveillance after surgery, longitudinal ctDNA–positive patients (37 of 119; 31.1%) had significantly shorter RFS (HR, 3.46; 95% CI, 1.59‐7.55; P < .001) and significantly shorter OS (HR, 9.99; 95% CI, 1.17‐85.78; P = .010) in comparison with longitudinal ctDNA–negative patients. Serial ctDNA detection preceded radiologic disease recurrence by a median lead time of 8.71 months.ConclusionsThese results suggest that perioperative ctDNA analyses can predict recurrence and survival, and serial ctDNA analyses can identify disease recurrence/metastasis earlier than routine radiologic imaging in patients with resectable NSCLC.Lay Summary

The utility of serial circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) monitoring for predicting disease recurrence and survival for early‐stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been well characterized.

The detection of ctDNA before and after surgery is associated with the identification of a high risk of disease recurrence and long‐term patient outcomes for resectable NSCLC.

Perioperative ctDNA analyses identify disease recurrence earlier than routine radiologic imaging. ctDNA analyses can detect minimal residual disease for resectable NSCLC and thus can facilitate early intervention.
Paternal expressed emotion influences psychobiological indicators of threat and safety learning in daughters: A preliminary study
Authors: Mullins Jordan L. , Zhou Elayne , Glenn Dana E. , Moroney Elizabeth , Lee Steve S. , Michalska Kalina J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis preliminary study examined the association of children's anxiety, paternal expressed emotion (EE), and their interaction with psychophysiological indices of children's threat and safety learning. Participants included 24 father–daughter dyads. Daughters (ages 8–13 years, 100% Latina) self‐reported their anxiety levels and completed a differential threat conditioning and extinction paradigm, during which psychophysiological responding was collected. Fathers completed a Five‐Minute Speech Sample, from which paternal EE (i.e., criticism, emotional overinvolvement) was assessed. Anxiety‐dependent associations emerged between paternal EE and individual differences in daughters’ psychophysiological responding to safety signals during threat conditioning. Paternal EE was positively associated with psychophysiological responding to safety in daughters with high and mean, but not low, levels of anxiety. Although previous work suggests that chronic harsh maternal parenting is a potential risk factor for children's general threat and safety learning, these preliminary findings implicate milder forms of negative parenting behavior in fathers, particularly for highly anxious children.
A draft genome provides hypotheses on drought tolerance in a keystone plant species in Western North America threatened by climate change
Authors: Melton Anthony E. , Beck James , Galla Stephanie J. , Jenkins Jerry , Handley Lori , Kim Min , Grimwood Jane , Schmutz Jeremy , Richardson Bryce A. , Serpe Marcelo , Novak Stephen , Buerki Sven 
Published: October 2021

AbstractClimate change presents distinct ecological and physiological challenges to plants as extreme climate events become more common. Understanding how species have adapted to drought, especially ecologically important nonmodel organisms, will be crucial to elucidate potential biological pathways for drought adaptation and inform conservation strategies. To aid in genome‐to‐phenome research, a draft genome was assembled for a diploid individual of Artemisia tridentata subsp. tridentata, a threatened keystone shrub in western North America. While this taxon has few genetic resources available and genetic/genomics work has proven difficult due to genetic heterozygosity in the past, a draft genome was successfully assembled. Aquaporin (AQP) genes and their promoter sequences were mined from the draft genome to predict mechanisms regulating gene expression and generate hypotheses on key genes underpinning drought response. Fifty‐one AQP genes were fully assembled within the draft genome. Promoter and phylogenetic analyses revealed putative duplicates of A. tridentata subsp. tridentata AQPs which have experienced differentiation in promoter elements, potentially supporting novel biological pathways. Comparison with nondrought‐tolerant congener supports enrichments of AQP genes in this taxon during adaptation to drought stress. Differentiation of promoter elements revealed that paralogues of some genes have evolved to function in different pathways, highlighting these genes as potential candidates for future research and providing critical hypotheses for future genome‐to‐phenome work.
The effects of ecological selection on species diversity and trait distribution: predictions and an empirical test
Authors: DeMalach Niv , Ke Po‐Ju , Fukami Tadashi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEcological selection is a major driver of community assembly. Selection is classified as stabilizing when species with intermediate trait values gain the highest reproductive success, whereas selection is considered directional when fitness is highest for species with extreme trait values. Previous studies have investigated the effects of different selection types on trait distribution, but the effects of selection on species diversity have remained unclear. Here, we propose a framework for inferring the type and strength of selection by studying species diversity and trait distribution together against null expectations. We use a simulation model to confirm our prediction that directional selection should lead to lower species diversity than stabilizing selection despite a similar effect on trait community‐weighted variance. We apply the framework to a mesocosm system of annual plants to test whether differences in species diversity between two habitats that vary in productivity are related to differences in selection on seed mass. We show that, in both habitats, species diversity was lower than the null expectation, but that species diversity was lower in the more productive habitat. We attribute this difference to strong directional selection for large‐seeded species in the productive habitat as indicated by trait community‐weighted mean being higher and community‐weighted variance being lower than the null expectations. In the less productive habitat, we found that community‐weighted variance was higher than expected by chance, suggesting that seed mass could be a driver of niche partitioning under such conditions. Altogether, our results suggest that viewing species diversity and trait distribution as interrelated patterns driven by the same process, ecological selection, is helpful in understanding community assembly.
Development of a battery management system with flying capacitor‐type multiport converter in the discontinuous current mode
Authors: Shioi Taisuke , Miyashita Mitsuru , Watanabe Hiroki , Kusaka Keisuke , Itoh Jun‐Ichi , Nakanishi Toshiki , Kobayashi Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a multiport converter based on a flying capacitor converter (FCC) topology for use in a battery management system. The proposed circuit operates in discontinuous current mode (DCM) and pulse frequency modulation (PFM) in order to reduce inductor volume. The circuit achieves load fluctuation compensation and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of the photovoltaic (PV) system by deciding duty ratio based on load current and PV output current. According to the experimental results, an efficiency of more than 95.8% was achieved under all operation conditions. In addition, the maximum efficiency reached 98.8% at the rated load (750 W). Furthermore, the inductor volume reduced by 85.5% compared to that of the conventional circuit (CCM) using two inductors.
Comparative quality assessment of traditional vs. improved dried Bombay duck (Harpodon nehereus) under different storage conditions: Solar chimney dryer a low‐cost improved approach for nutritional dried fish
Authors: Mithun Biplob Dey , Hoque Md. Sazedul , Van Brakel Martin Louis , Hasan Md. Mahmudul , Akter Shaida , Islam Mohd. Rezaul 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDried fish and fishery products provide important and affordable dietary sources of animal protein. The present study compared the sensory, microbial, and biochemical quality of bombay duck (Harpadon nehereous) dried fish produced using improved versus traditional open‐air drying method. The sensory, microbial, and biochemical quality was determined following quality index, total plate count (TPC), and Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) method, respectively. The sensory quality results indicate highly acceptable dried fish with the improved method compared to traditional method at both initial and storage condition. The microbial load (APC, TEC, TViC, and TSC) of improved dried fish was within internationally permissible microbiological standards for food whereas traditionally dried fish exceeded the permissible limit. The biochemical composition (protein, lipid, ash, and moisture) of improved dried fish had better nutritional value than the traditional dried fish. After 60 days storage time, samples packaged under HDPE conditions exhibited excellent organoleptic characteristics, lower microbial load, and lower biochemical decomposition than samples packaged in LDPE. The above results confirmed that the solar chimney dryer produced superior quality of dried fish compared to the traditional open‐air drying method both initially and after storage, while packaging dried fish under HDPE conditions extended shelf life further.
Lycopene protects sperm from oxidative stress in the experimental varicocele model
Authors: Babaei Atefeh , Asadpour Reza , Mansouri Kamran , Sabrivand Adel , Kazemi‐Darabadi Siamak 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOxidative stress (OS) is an important parameter in the evaluation of infertility caused by varicocele. Antioxidants are the most commonly prescribed drugs in these patients. Lycopene molecule, as the powerful antioxidant in the carotenoid family, has beneficial effects on improving fertility in males. Therefore, we investigated the effects of lycopene on induced OS by varicocele in an animal model. Forty‐five adult male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: control (n = 12) and varicocele (n = 33). Two months after induced varicocele, five rats in each group were sacrificed randomly and induced varicocele was investigated. Remained rats were divided into five groups (n = 7), including the control (I), varicocele (II), varicocele reserving solvent (III), varicocele reserving lycopene 4 mg/kg (IV), and 10 mg/kg (V) for two months. At the end of the experiment, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), %DNA damage, and antioxidant enzymatic levels were measured. The results indicated that there were significant increases in the levels of ROS, MDA, DNA damage, superoxide dismutase (SOD), sperm concentration, and motility in the varicocele groups compared with the control group. In the lycopene group (10 mg/kg), sperm concentration, the levels of TAC, and catalase (CAT) activity were improved so the levels of ROS, MDA, and %DNA damage were reduced compared with varicocele group. Our findings indicated that the administration of lycopene especially at a dose of 10 mg/kg in the varicocele group could protect sperm from OS and sperm DNA damage by increasing antioxidant activity and reducing ROS.
Optimization of Quercetin‐Assisted Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Evaluation of Their Hemocompatibility, Antioxidant, Anti‐Inflammatory, and Antibacterial effects
Authors: Chahardoli Azam , Hajmomeni Pouria , Ghowsi Mahnaz , Qalekhani Farshad , Shokoohinia Yalda , Fattahi Ali 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the present study, different effective parameters (temperature, reaction time, and pH) on the synthesis of quercetin‐assisted silver nanoparticles (QE‐AgNPs) are optimized. These biogenic NPs are characterized by different physico‐chemical analyses, including transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and UV‐visible spectroscopy. In addition, the biological properties of QE‐AgNPs are evaluated through antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, hemolysis, and coagulation time assays. The formation of QE‐AgNPs is affected by different parameters. The optimum condition for the synthesis of QE‐AgNPs is attained at 70 °C and pH 7. Prepared QE‐AgNPs show a spherical shape with a crystalline nature and an average particle size of 20 ± 3.6 nm. The role of QE as a reducing and capping agent in the preparation process of QE‐AgNPs is demonstrated using FTIR analysis. These NPs with excellent antioxidant activity (82.3% at a concentration of 400 µg mL−1) and anti‐inflammatory properties (82.5% and 100% at concentrations of 37.25 and 500 µg mL−1, respectively), show good antimicrobial effects, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, the results of the hemolytic and coagulation assay of QE‐AgNPs indicate their hemo‐compatibility. Therefore, hemo/bio‐compatible QE‐AgNPs with excellent and unique properties can be employed in different medicinal and pharmacological applications.
Cancer of the corpus uteri: 2021 update
Authors: Koskas Martin , Amant Frédéric , Mirza Mansoor Raza , Creutzberg Carien L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEndometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy in high‐ and middle‐income countries. Although the overall prognosis is relatively good, high‐grade endometrial cancers have a tendency to recur. Recurrence needs to be prevented since the prognosis for recurrent endometrial cancer is dismal. Treatment tailored to tumor biology is the optimal strategy to balance treatment efficacy against toxicity. Since The Cancer Genome Atlas defined four molecular subgroups of endometrial cancers, the molecular factors are increasingly used to define prognosis and treatment. Standard treatment consists of hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy. Lymphadenectomy (and increasingly sentinel node biopsy) enables identification of lymph node‐positive patients who need adjuvant treatment, including radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Adjuvant therapy is used for Stage I–II patients with high‐risk factors and Stage III patients; chemotherapy is especially used in non‐endometrioid cancers and those in the copy‐number high molecular group characterized by TP53 mutation. In advanced disease, a combination of surgery to no residual disease and chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy results in the best outcome. Surgery for recurrent disease is only advocated in patients with a good performance status with a relatively long disease‐free interval.
A DLPNO‐CCSD(T) benchmarking study of intermolecular interactions of ionic liquids
Authors: Seeger Zoe L. , Izgorodina Ekaterina I. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe accuracy of correlation energy recovered by coupled cluster single‐, double‐, and perturbative triple‐excitations, CCSD(T), has led to the method being considered the gold standard of computational chemistry. The application of CCSD(T) has been limited to medium‐sized molecular systems due to its steep scaling with molecular size. The recent development of alternative domain‐based local pair natural orbital coupled‐cluster method, DLPNO‐CCSD(T), has significantly broadened the range of chemical systems to which CCSD(T) level calculations can be applied. Condensed systems such as ionic liquids (ILs) have a large contribution from London dispersion forces of up to 150 kJ mol−1 in large‐scale clusters. Ionic liquids show appreciable charge transfer effects that result in the increased valence orbital delocalization over the entire ionic network, raising the question whether the application of methods based on localized orbitals is reliable for these semi‐Coulombic materials. Here the performance of DLPNO‐CCSD(T) is validated for the prediction of correlation interaction energies of two data sets incorporating single‐ion pairs of protic and aprotic ILs. DLPNO‐CCSD(T) produced results within chemical accuracy with tight parameter settings and a non‐iterative treatment of triple excitations. To achieve spectroscopic accuracy of 1 kJ mol−1, especially for hydrogen‐bonded ILs and those containing halides, the DLPNO settings had to be increased by two orders of magnitude and include the iterative treatment of triple excitations, resulting in a 2.5‐fold increase in computational cost. Two new sets of parameters are put forward to produce the performance of DLPNO‐CCSD(T) within chemical and spectroscopic accuracy.
Effects of temperature mode and the substrate/inoculum ratio on anaerobic digestion of Tibetan food waste
Authors: Song Yingjin , Li Yihang , Chen Guanyi , Yan Beibei , Li Jinlei , Li Hongji , Li Ruiyi , Wang Yuxin , Zhang Yingxiu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe research and applications of anaerobic digestion (AD) in plateau areas are limited by the specific climatic conditions (e.g., low temperature, large temperature difference). To explore feasible and economical strategies of AD in these regions, the effects of different temperature modes (constant mode: 35, 25, 15 °C; stepwise changes mode that simulated daily environmental temperature changes: 35–25 °C, 25–15 °C) and substrate/inoculum (S/I) ratios (1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 4) on Tibetan food waste (FW) digestion performance and microbial community structure were analyzed. Besides this, the energy balance of AD under different conditions was estimated.RESULTSThe methane yields (335–463 mL g−1 VS) of FW at temperature changes mode with less energy consumption could reach the same level or even slightly higher than the methane yields at 35 °C. Kinetic analysis revealed that, compared with 25 °C, methane production performance was not greatly affected by temperature fluctuations around 25 °C. The relative abundance of acetoclastic methanogens (e.g., Methanosaeta) were dominant over hydrogenotrophic methanogens (e.g., Methanobacterium, Methanospirillum) at 35 °C. The opposite was true at 15 °C.CONCLUSIONThe decrease in temperature caused the digestion pathway to shift from acetoclastic to the hydrogenotrophic pathway. The effect of temperature on the microbial community structure was more pronounced than the S/I ratio. Energy balance calculations showed that psychrophilic conditions and AD without temperature control were likely to be more economically competitive than mesophilic conditions for small‐scale AD in cold regions. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Ultrastructural comparison between the oral cavity floor of the juvenile and adult Epinephelus aeneus: New vision of aging development and its carnivorous adaptation
Authors: Alsafy Mohamed , Madkour Naglaa F. , El‐Bakary Raafat , Karkoura Ashraf , El‐Gendy Samir , Abumandour Mohamed M. A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe current work is designed to give the first trial to characterize the ultrastructural lineaments of the oral cavity floor in juvenile and adult white grouper. The present work depends on 10 oral cavities floor from each age. The common features joined the oral cavities floor of the juvenile and adult fish summarized in; oral cavity floor had two teeth bands (lower incisive and lower molar), tongue with its two lateral spinated lines, lower velum, ridges, the lower lip divided into a single anterior part and two lateral part, and the absence of lower canine teeth. The oral surface of semilunar lower velum had round fungiform papillae that carried taste buds type I. The non‐protrusible elongated tongue had a clear apex, body, and root with the absence of any taste buds. The dorsal lingual surface of the body had two lateral spinated lines, a single ridge and microtubercles. The smooth dorsal lingual surface of the root did not carry any ridges. The notched lower velum at the middle of the free border was observed in juveniles and adults. Meanwhile, there are some variations between juvenile and adult as; absence of lower incisive ridge only in juvenile, pointed tongue with sublingual ridge observed in juvenile while round without sublingual ridge in adult fish, moreover the presence of velvar ridges observed only in adult fish. The obtained findings provided essential data to aquaculture of this fish species in Egypt by determining the food particle types that are favorite to this fish.HighlightsThe common features joined the oral cavities floor of the juvenile and adult fish summarized in; oral cavity floor had two teeth bands (lower incisive and lower molar), tongue with its two lateral spinated lines, lower velum, ridges, the lower lip divided into a single anterior part and two lateral part, and the absence of lower canine teeth. The oral surface of semilunar lower velum had round fungiform papillae that carried taste buds type I. The dorsal lingual surface of the body had two lateral spinated lines, a single ridge and microtubercles. The smooth dorsal lingual surface of the root did not carry any ridges. Meanwhile, there are some variations between juvenile and adult as; absence of lower incisive ridge only in juvenile, pointed tongue with sublingual ridge observed in juvenile while round without sublingual ridge in adult fish, moreover the presence of velvar ridges observed only in adult fish.