bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TheCorylus mandshuricagenome provides insights into the evolution of Betulaceae genomes and hazelnut breeding
Authors: Li Ying , Sun Pengchuan , Lu Zhiqiang , Chen Jinyuan , Wang Zhenyue , Du Xin , Zheng Zeyu , Wu Ying , Hu Hongyin , Yang Jiao , Ma Jianxiang , Liu Jianquan , Yang Yongzhi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHazelnut is popular for its flavor, and it has also been suggested that hazelnut is beneficial to cardiovascular health because it is rich in oleic acid. Here, we report the first high-quality chromosome-scale genome for the hazelnut species Corylus mandshurica (2n = 22), which has a high concentration of oleic acid in its nuts. The assembled genome is 367.67 Mb in length, and the contig N50 is 14.85 Mb. All contigs were assembled into 11 chromosomes, and 28,409 protein-coding genes were annotated. We reconstructed the evolutionary trajectories of the genomes of Betulaceae species and revealed that the 11 chromosomes of the hazelnut genus were derived from the most ancestral karyotype in Betula pendula, which has 14 protochromosomes, by inferring homology among five Betulaceae genomes. We identified 96 candidate genes involved in oleic acid biosynthesis, and 10 showed rapid evolution or positive selection. These findings will help us to understand the mechanisms of lipid synthesis and storage in hazelnuts. Several gene families related to salicylic acid metabolism and stress responses experienced rapid expansion in this hazelnut species, which may have increased its stress tolerance. The reference genome presented here constitutes a valuable resource for molecular breeding and genetic improvement of the important agronomic properties of hazelnut.
Prospective study of dynamic whole-body 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT acquisition in patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Thuillier Philippe , Bourhis David , Metges Jean Philippe , Le Pennec Romain , Amrane Karim , Schick Ulrike , Blanc-Beguin Frédérique , Hennebicq Simon , Salaun Pierre-Yves , Kerlan Véronique , Karakatsanis Nicolas , Abgral Ronan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo present the feasibility of a dynamic whole-body (DWB) 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT acquisition in patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (WD-NETs). Sixty-one patients who underwent a DWB 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT for a histologically proven/highly suspected WD-NET were prospectively included. The acquisition consisted in single-bed dynamic acquisition centered on the heart, followed by the DWB and static acquisitions. For liver, spleen and tumor (1–5/patient), Ki values (in ml/min/100 ml) were calculated according to Patlak's analysis and tumor-to-liver (TLR-Ki) and tumor-to-spleen ratios (TSR-Ki) were recorded. Ki-based parameters were compared to static parameters (SUVmax/SUVmean, TLR/TSRmean, according to liver/spleen SUVmean), in the whole-cohort and according to the PET system (analog/digital). A correlation analysis between SUVmean/Ki was performed using linear and non-linear regressions. Ki-liver was not influenced by the PET system used, unlike SUVmax/SUVmean. The regression analysis showed a non-linear relation between Ki/SUVmean (R2 = 0.55,0.68 and 0.71 for liver, spleen and tumor uptake, respectively) and a linear relation between TLRmean/TLR-Ki (R2 = 0.75). These results were not affected by the PET system, on the contrary of the relation between TSRmean/TSR-Ki (R2 = 0.94 and 0.73 using linear and non-linear regressions in digital and analog systems, respectively). Our study is the first showing the feasibility of a DWB 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT acquisition in WD-NETs.
A partially demineralized allogeneic bone graft: in vitro osteogenic potential and preclinical evaluation in two different intramembranous bone healing models
Authors: Tournier Pierre , Guicheux Jérôme , Paré Arnaud , Maltezeanu Aymeric , Blondy Thibaut , Veziers Joëlle , Vignes Caroline , André Manon , Lesoeur Julie , Barbeito Ana , Bardonnet Raphaël , Blanquart Christophe , Corre Pierre , Geoffroy Valérie , Weiss Pierre , Gaudin Alexis 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn skeletal surgical procedures, bone regeneration in irregular and hard-to-reach areas may present clinical challenges. In order to overcome the limitations of traditional autologous bone grafts and bone substitutes, an extrudable and easy-to-handle innovative partially demineralized allogenic bone graft in the form of a paste has been developed. In this study, the regenerative potential of this paste was assessed and compared to its clinically used precursor form allogenic bone particles. Compared to the particular bone graft, the bone paste allowed better attachment of human mesenchymal stromal cells and their commitment towards the osteoblastic lineage, and it induced a pro-regenerative phenotype of human monocytes/macrophages. The bone paste also supported bone healing in vivo in a guide bone regeneration model and, more interestingly, exhibited a substantial bone-forming ability when implanted in a critical-size defect model in rat calvaria. Thus, these findings indicate that this novel partially demineralized allogeneic bone paste that combines substantial bone healing properties and rapid and ease-of-use may be a promising alternative to allogeneic bone grafts for bone regeneration in several clinical contexts of oral and maxillofacial bone grafting.
The influence of dielectric permittivity of water on the shape of PtNPs synthesized in high-pressure high-temperature microwave reactor
Authors: Wojnicki Marek , Luty-Błocho Magdalena , Kwolek Przemysław , Gajewska Marta , Socha Robert P. , Pędzich Zbigniew , Csapó Edit , Hessel Volker 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a novel method for the synthesis of Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) using a microwave autoclave reactor is proposed. For benchmarking, the obtained results are compared with the traditional, batch method. A novel process window is proposed, which is the application of high-temperature and high-pressure. The main finding is that this only brings advantage, when the ionic strength of the system is enough low. It is explained, that at high pressure and high temperature, water behaves like only a slightly polar solvent, approaching a subcritical state. This reduces the electrostatic stabilization of the particles. Moreover, a change in the Pt particle shape is observed under high pressure and temperature conditions, suggesting that additional physical–chemical processes are involved.
Real‐time classification on oral ulcer images with residual network and image enhancement
Authors: Guo Jianbin , Wang Haolin , Xue Xingsi , Li Mengting , Ma Zhongxiong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWith the advances of deep learning research in the past few years, healthcare and smart medicines have been significantly developed. Inspired by the wide application of deep learning in medical image classification and disease diagnosis, this paper further proposes a variant of the Residual Network framework to classify the oral ulcer images in real‐time. In particular, image pre‐processing and enhancement techniques are used to enrich the datasets and reduce model overfitting. Besides, the transfer learning is further introduced into the residual blocks to improve the classification accuracy, with the later layers trained from the labeled datasets. To validate the performance of authors' proposal, it is compared with other classic deep learning models with respect to the classification sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. The experimental results show that authors' approach outperforms those classic classification networks when the oral ulcers are classified and diagnosed in real‐time.
Real‐time predictive eco‐driving assistance considering road geometry and long‐range radar measurements
Authors: Fleming James , Yan Xingda , Allison Craig , Stanton Neville , Lot Roberto 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEco‐driving assistance systems incorporating predictive or feedforward information are a promising technique to increase energy‐efficiency and reduce emissions from road transportation. This work gives details of such a system that was recently developed by the authors, which uses real‐time data from GPS and automotive radar to perform a predictive optimisation of a vehicle's speed profile and coaches a driver into fuel‐saving and ‐reducing behaviour. A repeated‐measures study carried out in a fixed‐base driving simulator indicated an overall reduction in fuel consumption of 6.09%, which was significantly greater than improvements expected from reductions in average speed. Adjusted for average speed, fuel‐efficiency improvements when using the system are similar to those observed in unassisted eco‐driving, but with improvements in travel time in motorway situations. Finally, an on‐road prototype is described in which the optimisation is solved using data from vehicle sensors, successfully demonstrating that real‐time implementation of the system is feasible.
A well‐conditioned integral equation for electromagnetic scattering from composite inhomogeneous bi‐anisotropic material and closed perfect electric conductor objects
Authors: Liu Jinbo , Yuan Jin , Li Zengrui , Song Jiming 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA well‐conditioned volume‐surface integral equation, called the volume integral equation‐combined field integral equation, is applied to analyse electromagnetic (EM) scattering from arbitrarily shaped three‐dimensional composite objects comprising both inhomogeneous bi‐anisotropic material and closed perfect electric conductors (PECs). The equivalent surface and volume currents are respectively expanded using the commonly used RWG and SWG basis functions, while a matrix equation is derived by the method of moments. Because the magnetic field integral equation is involved in modelling the surface electric current, and the constitutive parameters are all tensors, some new kinds of singularities are encountered and properly handled in the filling process of the impedance matrix. Several numerical results of EM scattering from composite bi‐anisotropy and closed PEC objects are shown to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed scheme. The validity of the continuity condition of electric flux enforced on the bi‐anisotropy‐PEC interfaces, which can be used to eliminate the volumetric electric unknowns, is also verified.
Control method for improvement of power quality in single interlinking converter hybrid AC‐DC microgrids
Authors: Baharizadeh Mehdi , Karshenas Hamid R. , Golsorkhi Esfahani Mohammad S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHybrid AC‐DC microgrids (HMGs) are formed by interconnecting AC microgrids (MGs) and DC microgrids via AC‐DC interlinking converters (ICs). In the islanded mode, apart from power sharing in a single MG, power sharing expansion throughout HMG is desirable. Conventionally, this is achieved by employing an IC control mechanism in coordination with the droop characteristics of sources. Because the conventional control strategy of IC relies on measuring the frequency variations in AC MG, accurate coordination necessitates a wide range of frequency deviation. Also, this strategy employs the current‐controlled method, which fails to accomplish superior voltage quality during load transients and in the presence of an unbalanced load obtainable by the voltage‐controlled method (VCM). An IC control strategy for single IC HMGs is proposed that does not require the measurement of frequency variation and employs VCM in the inner control loop. As a consequence, the power quality of AC MG is improved. The proposed control strategy is phase locked‐loop‐less. In addition, by supporting the related MG with the disconnection of sources in AC MG or DC MG, it provides a uniform control property. Time domain simulations and experimental results are provided to verify the efficacy of the proposed strategy.
Genetics of Menopause and Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: Time for a Paradigm Shift?
Authors: Laven Joop S. E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis review summarizes the existing information concerning the genetic background of menopause and primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). There is overwhelming evidence that majority of genes are involved in double-strand break repair, mismatch repair, and base excision repair. The remaining loci were involved in cell energy metabolism and immune response. Gradual (or in case of rapid POI) accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage causes (premature) cell death and cellular senescence. This in turn leads to exhaustion of cell renewal capacity and cellular dysfunction in affected organs and eventually to aging of the entire soma. Similar erosion of the genome occurs within the germ cell line and the ovaries. Subsequently, the systemic “survival” response intentionally suppresses the sex-steroid hormonal output, which in turn may contribute to the onset of menopause. The latter occurs in particular when age-dependent DNA damage accumulation does not cease. Both effects are expected to synergize to promote (premature) ovarian silencing and install (early) menopause. Consequently, aging of the soma seems to be a primary driver for the loss of ovarian function in women. This challenges the current dogma which implies that loss of ovarian function initiates aging of the soma. It is time for a paradigm shift!
Nonequilibrium dynamics and action at a distance in transcriptionally driven DNA supercoiling
Authors: Fosado Yair A. G. , Michieletto Davide , Brackley Chris A. , Marenduzzo Davide 
Published: March 2021

SignificancePositive and negative supercoiling refers to the overwinding or underwinding, respectively, of a DNA double helix. Supercoiling is important and ubiquitous, as all cells, from bacterial to human, deploy proteins to keep their genome negatively supercoiled to facilitate transcription and replication. Additionally, as a polymerase transcribes a gene, its action generates twin domains of supercoils of opposite sign. Here we characterize, by simulations, the three-dimensional geometry of such domains, and show that supercoiling can be exploited to act at a distance on DNA-binding proteins, for instance, unwrapping a nucleosome long before the polymerase reaches it. We also quantify the dynamics of double-stranded DNA supercoiling, and the striking timescale separation between the diffusive relaxation of twist and writhe.
Attitudinal research into Caribbean Englishes
Authors: Wilson Guyanne , Westphal Michael 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Language attitude research is crucial for a deeper understanding of New Englishes. However, the most common
attitude research methods often cause problems when applied to New Englishes contexts. We discuss the benefits and challenges of
different methods used in two attitude studies on the perception of linguistic variation in Jamaica and Trinidad. Five major
issues arise out of the discussion: the careful consideration of abstract labels, the need for contextualized research and
authentic source material, the limited view of written data collection with closed questions, the crucial role of the researcher,
and the opportunities of mixed-methods research. These conclusions are particularly relevant for research on New Englishes but
also for language attitude research in general.
Drilling for fissures and exploiting common ground in the discourse of oil production
Authors: Chen Wenge , Bartlett Tom , Peng Huiling 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This is the second part of a two-part article which proposes an enhanced approach to eco-discourses after weighing
the (dis)advantages of mainstream Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Positive Discourse Analysis (PDA). Part I (Chen et al. 2021) explored the
theoretical grounding for an enhanced PDA, introduced the research method and then, based on the adapted analytic framework of
Stibbe (2016), undertook a critical analysis of the discourses of Shell Oil Company
(SOC). Part II uses the same analytic framework to analyse Greenpeace USA’s (GPU) discourse and compare it to the SOC discourse.
The emphasis in Part II is on the exploration of potential fissures in the discourses across difference, and the possible common
grounds upon which to design alternative discourses that are empathetic, comprehensible and legitimate to a coalition of social
forces. Practically, Part II finds that the two groups use similar discourse strategies, such as salience and framing, but with
different orientations. Methodologically, Part II argues that corpus-aided comparative discourse analysis, with a focus on
discourse semantics, will facilitate the identification of ‘greenwashing’ strategies that strengthen and stabilize current
hegemonic social order. This part also points to avenues of alternative discourses which exploit the inherent contradictions or
fissures within that hegemonic order. Theoretically, the paper suggests that within an enhanced Positive Discourse Analysis
approach, it is also important to seek out points of convergence between progressive positions and to articulate these within a
hybrid, counter-hegemonic discourse that maximizes its potential for uptake, while it destabilizes the prevailing discourses at
precisely the fissure points identified.
French Abstracts for Volume 32, Issue 10, 2020
Authors: Søren Birkeland , Mikkel Brabrand , Kurt Mikkelsen , Søren Bogh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectifs: étudier les effets de la réorganisation sur le contenu des demandes de dommages et intérêts des patients en lien avec la qualité des soins de santé et la sécurité des patients.
Plan et contexte: les soins d’urgence se sont considérablement développés au Danemark au cours des dernières décennies, notamment dans le cadre d’une réorganisation majeure visant à améliorer la qualité des soins de santé et la sécurité des patients en assurant un meilleur accès à un traitement spécialisé. Une analyse des types de demande de dommages et intérêts est utilisée pour évaluer les effets de ces modifications apportées au système de soins de santé.
Participants, interventions et mesures principales: un échantillon de 1613 demandes de dommages et intérêts adressées à l’organisation de l’assurance des patients au Danemark a été évalué suivant une taxonomie standardisée (l’outil HCAT, ‘Healthcare Complaints Analysis Tool’). Nous avons comparé, par analyse de tendance, les proportions de demandes catégorisées dans les domaines, les catégories de problème et les sous-catégories de l’outil HCAT avant et après la réorganisation en mettant l’accent an particulier sur le domaine « problèmes cliniques » couvrant les questions de qualité des soins de santé et de sécurité des patients.
Résultats: Nous avons observé une augmentation initiale des demandes liées à des problèmes cliniques (P &lt; 0,01), mais cette augmentation a été moins prononcée après la réorganisation. Cette observation semble être due principalement à une diminution des demandes liées aux aptitudes des cliniciens (P = 0,03) et aux négligences dans les soins de santé (P = 0,01). Cependant, les demandes liées à des erreurs de diagnostic et aux résultats pour les patients ont eu tendance à augmenter (résultat non significatif).
Conclusions: Il semble que la réorganisation des soins d’urgence ait été suivie d’un déplacement du contenu des demandes, avec moins de demandes concernant une négligence dans les soins de santé et les compétences du personnel, bien que les demandes liées à d’autres questions aient pu devenir plus fréquentes. Ces analyses des tendances dans les demandes de dommages et intérêts devront être complétées par des études de l’effet utilisant des mesures classiques telles que la mortalité et les taux de réhospitalisation.
Modulatory effects of catechin hydrate on benzo[a]pyrene-induced nephrotoxicity in adult male albino rats
Authors: Khattab Samah A , Hussien Wafaa F , Raafat Nermin , Ahmed Alaa El-Din Eman 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Benzo [a] pyrene (B[a]P) is a potent mutagen and carcinogen, considered one of the commonest concomitants in the environment. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of catechin hydrate on benzo pyrene-induced kidney toxicity. Thirty-six adult male albino rats were divided into six groups: group I untreated control, group II received 10 mL/kg of corn oil (solvent of benzo [a] pyrene) twice a week, group III received 1 mL/kg 0.5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (solvent of catechin) once per day, group IV received 50 mg/kg body weight of benzo[a]pyrene twice a week, group V received 20 mg/kg body weight of catechin in 1 mL/kg 0.5% DMSO once daily, and group VI received both catechin+benzo [a] pyrene with the same doses. All treatment was given by oral gavage for four weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected for biochemical investigations, tissues were obtained for genotoxicity, RT-PCR, and histopathological studies. B[a]P exposure induced an increase in serum urea and creatinine levels along with severe renal histopathological changes. Our results showed a subsequent decrease in the antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase and superoxide dismutase), and conversely, (malondialdehyde) levels markedly elevated. Also, B[a]P induced DNA damage as well as activated an apoptotic pathway confirmed by upregulation of Bax, caspase-3, and downregulation of Bcl-2 expression. However, treatment with catechin-corrected kidney functions and antioxidant enzymes as well as regulated apoptosis. Histological results also supported the protective effects of catechin. These findings suggested that catechin hydrate is an effective natural product that attenuates benzo pyrene-induced kidney toxicity.
The impact of genomic structural variation on the transcriptome, chromatin, and proteome in the human brain
Authors: Vialle Ricardo A. , de Paiva Lopes Katia , Bennett David A. , Crary John F. , Raj Towfique 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTStructural variants (SVs), defined as any genomic rearrangements of 50 or more bp, are an important source of genetic diversity and have been linked to many diseases. However, their contribution to molecular traits in the brain and impact on neurodegenerative diseases remains unknown. Here, we report 170,996 SVs which were constructed using 1,760 short-read whole genomes from aging and Alzheimer’s disease subjects. We quantified the impact of cis-acting SVs on several molecular traits including histone modification, gene expression, mRNA splicing, and protein abundance in post-mortem brain tissues. More than 3,800 genes were associated with at least one molecular phenotype, and 712 (18%) with more than one phenotype, with a significant positive correlation in the direction of effect between RNA, histone peaks, and protein levels. SV associations with RNA and protein levels shared the same direction of effect in more than 87% of SV-gene pairs. We found reproducibility of SV-eQTLs across three groups of samples and multiple brain regions ranging from 81 to 98%, including the innate immune system related genes ERAP2 and GBP3. Additionally, associations of SVs with progressive supranuclear palsy, an amyloid-independent primary tauopathy, identified previously known and novel SVs at the 17q.21.31 MAPT locus and several other novel suggestive associations. Our study provides a comprehensive view of the mechanisms linking structural variation to gene regulation and provides a valuable resource for understanding the functional impact of SVs in the aged human brain.