bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of balanced anaesthesia with and without modified pectoralis nerve block on postoperative analgesia after breast surgeries: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Makkar Jeetinder K. , Dahiya Divya , Jain Divya , Kuber Aswini , Kajal Kamal , Singh Narinder P. 
Published: September 2021

Background and Aims:
Modified pectoral nerve block (PEC) has been reported to have variable effects on perioperative pain in patients undergoing surgery for carcinoma breast. This randomised controlled trial was conducted to study the effect of modified PEC on postoperative pain relief in patients undergoing breast surgery.

Methods:
Fifty patients with carcinoma breast undergoing breast surgery were randomised to receive a modified PEC block consisting of 30 ml of ropivacaine 0.2% after induction of anaesthesia (PEC group) or no block (GA group) in this prospective randomised trial. Time to first rescue analgesia was recorded as primary outcome. Other secondary outcomes recorded were postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, number of rescue boluses and 24-h fentanyl consumption.

Results:
There was no significant difference in time to first rescue analgesia between the two groups, with mean difference (95% confidence interval) of 22.91 (−6.8 to 52.69) min. Amount of fentanyl required to keep pain VAS less than 3 was also comparable between the two groups, mean (standard deviation) of 42.0 μg (17.42) in GA group versus 43.24 μg (17.22) in PEC group; P = 0.830.20/25 patients required rescue analgesia in GA group as compared to 17/25 in PEC group (P = 0.334). The postoperative VAS scores were also comparable between the groups at all time intervals.

Conclusion:
Balanced anaesthesia supplemented with modified PEC block performed after general anaesthesia did not improve the postoperative pain in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy.
A comparison of intubating conditions for nasotracheal intubation with standard direct Macintosh laryngoscope versus C-MAC® video laryngoscope employing cuff inflation technique in adult patients
Authors: Kasaudhan Sonia , Gupta Madhu , Singh Kriti , Khan Anas 
Published: September 2021

Background and Aims:While performing laryngoscopy during nasotracheal intubation (NTI), the tip of the advancing endotracheal tube (ETT) generally lies along the posterior pharyngeal wall. The inflation of the ETT cuff brings it anterior towards the glottis. The present study was planned to compare the intubating conditions for NTI with standard direct Macintosh laryngoscope versus C-MAC®video laryngoscope (VL) employing ETT cuff inflation technique.Methods:This prospective randomised study was carried out on 50 patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I–II, age 18–60 years of either sex with an indication for NTI under general anaesthesia. They were randomly divided into two groups: group VL (n= 25): C-MAC®VL and group ML (n= 25): Macintosh laryngoscope. The primary outcome was to compare the total duration of NTI (T), while the secondary outcomes were to compare the need for cuff inflation or assistance with Magill forceps for successful NTI, the total number of attempts to achieve successful NTI, haemodynamic effects and complications.Results:T was significantly higher in group ML than group VL (P< 0.001). The intubation was successful with cuff inflation in all the patients in group VL, however, six patients of group ML required assistance with Magill forceps (P= 0.022). The haemodynamic parameters were all significantly higher at 3 min in group ML in comparison to group VL.Conclusion:The cuff inflation technique when used along with C-MAC®VL had more success rate, required lesser time and had minimal postoperative complications in comparison to the Macintosh laryngoscope.
Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis mimicking advanced gallbladder carcinoma – Analysis of 8 cases
Authors: Khan Sabina , Abeer Inara , Husain Musharraf , Hassan Mohd Jaseem , Jetley Sujata 
Published: September 2021

Background/Aim:
Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a rare destructive inflammatory disease of the gallbladder. It is frequently misdiagnosed as gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) as it mimics latter with regard to clinical manifestations, imaging and intraoperative findings, often leading to extended surgical resection in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic dilemma of XGC cases clinico-radiologically diagnosed with GBC.

Materials and Methods:
From January 2017 to June 2019, a total of eight cases histopathologically diagnosed as XGC, were misdiagnosed with GBC based on preoperative and intra-operative findings. The clinical characteristics, imaging, intra-operative findings, and surgical data of these patients were collected and analyzed.

Results:
A total of 2154 cholecystectomy specimens were received in the histopathology section during the study period. Sixty-nine cases (3.2%) were histologically diagnosed as XGC, of which 8 cases (11.6%) were preoperatively diagnosed with GBC. These cases were predominantly seen in males in the age range of 24–62 years. The most common clinical presentation was chronic cholecystitis. Gallstones were present in all the 8 cases. Six cases presented with heterogeneous enhancement within thickened gallbladder walls on imaging. Intraoperatively, adhesions to adjacent organs were observed in seven cases. All these eight cases misdiagnosed with GBC underwent aggressive surgical treatment following which histopathology ultimately revealed XGC.

Conclusion:
Neither clinical manifestations nor laboratory tests/radiological methods can provide an effective means of differentiating between XGC and GBC. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult, and histopathology remains the gold standard to differentiate the two entities.
Making Sense of the Unknown: A Narrative Analysis of COVID-19 Stories as Told by WSU Research Students
Authors: Van der Spuy Alicia , Jayakrishnan Lakshmi 
Published: September 2021

Storytelling is an important tool through which to make sense of life experiences. Stories can be classified as personal narratives, historical documentaries and those that inform the viewer about a specific concept or practice. These narratives can be used to promote discussion about current issues in the world. Storytelling can thus be seen as an effective learning tool for students by providing a strong foundation in “Twenty First Century Literacy” skills as well as advancing emotional intelligence and social learning. This project used storytelling to gather information regarding people’s encounters with COVID-19 and lockdown, with specific focus on the Eastern Cape of South Africa. Employing a content analysis methodology, it attempts to analyze responses to narrative inquiry interviews about the COVID-19 pandemic as conducted by students, as part of their introduction to the methodology of research. These responses were used to generalize findings, as well as to look at individual reactions that could bring light to, and make sense of the human experience of the pandemic within an educational context. Both negative and positive experiences were related by interviewees and students.
Quais são as novas tecnologias no gerenciamento de facilidades? - uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Silva Marcus Vinicius Rosário da , Meiriño Marcelo Jasmin , Lima Gilson Brito Alves 
Published: September 2021

As atividades profissionais de Gerenciamento de Facilidades (Facility Management - FM) demandam diversas ferramentas technológicas, úteis para auxiliar a tarefas rotineiras à tomadas de decisão. Estudos anteriores revelam que as tecnologias foram absorvidas, ao longo do tempo, pelo mercado. Atualmente, quais são as tecnologias aplicadas ao setor de FM? Além disso, qual tecnologia tem maior número de estudos na abordagem estabelecida na pesquisa? Existe oportunidade para desenvolvimento de soluções integradas com duas ou mais tecnologias? Uma revisão sistemática de literatura foi realizada, com recorte temporal de 5 anos, para identificação dos estudos recentes sobre tecnologias aplicadas à fase de operação e manutenção no ambiente construído. Os 74 artigos completos, em inglês, sobre o tema resultantes da revisão sistemática foram analisados quanto ao ano de publicação, bases de dados, periódicos, distribuição geográfica, principais autores e palavras-chaves recorrentes. Por fim, na discussão as novas tecnologias em FM são tratadas: (a) Modelagem de Informação da Construção - BIM; (b) Sistema de Informação Geográfica - GIS; (c) Sistemas Ciber-físicos - CPS; (d) Big Data; (e) Realidade Virtual; (f) Realidade Aumentada; (g) Internet das Coisas - IoT; e (h) Identificação por Rádio Frequência – RFID.
Importance of Jaloukavacharana in Dadru Kushta (Tinea Corporis) - A Case Study
Authors: Avinash G Guled  , Venkatesh Polampalli  
Published: September 2021

In today’s busy lifestyle people are suffering from stress and strain, which effects on skin as a pathological condition. Even though spending lakhs together for beauty purpose, due to unhygienic and improper behaviour and not following Sadrutta they are getting skin diseases, due to atmospheric temperature and negligence towards health workers, labors, and women are more prone to get skin diseases like Dadru (Tinea corporis), scabies, eczema, dermatitis etc. Dadru is among them. It is treated with the unique procedure using Jaloukavacharana and some Shamanaoushadis as explained under the classics.
As Dadru was explained under the Kshudra kustha in Charaka Samhita. In Shushruta, explained Aseta and Seta Dardu, usually the Seta Dadru is Sukha Sadhya. Mandalakara, Kandu delayed diagnosis and elevations are the classical Lakshanas explained in Dadru. Jaloukavacharana is advised in Vata pitta kapha dushta shonita kushta rogas and it is also known as Tinea corporis.
In the present era Jalouka is trending treatment for skin disease, speciality of this Jalouka is less pain, fast relief, less cost, OPD level treatment. Jaloukas which contains Hirudine it increases the blood flow and it reduces itching. If we follow the Sadrutta it will help to prevent from skin diseases and specific Pathya apathya is also very important. You can clearly observe in this article that we followed treatment and Pathy apathy are followed by our classics.
COVID-19 pandemic in Russia: medical and social problems of the digital educational environment
Authors: Kuchma V. R. , Sedova A. S. , Sokolova S. B. , Rapoport I. K. , Stepanova M. I. , Laponova E. D. , Polenova M. A. , Chubarovsky V. V. , Tikashkina O. V. 
Published: September 2021

In connection with the epidemic of a novel coronavirus infection, all schools in the Russian Federation in the spring of 2020 were forced to switch to remote work.Aim. To analyze key publications on: the organization of the educational process in the context of distance learning; life and well-being of participants in the educational process in conditions of lockdown; medical and social approaches to reduce the negative consequences of lockdown for children and adolescents during distance learning. Materials and methods. The analysis of domestic and international scientific publications and recommendations found using the search engines Scopus, Pubmed, the Russian Science Citation Index and by manual search on the resources of WHO, UNICEF, UNESCO and CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).Results. The closure of educational institutions is a risk of reducing the quality of education. In 2020, with the closure of Russian schools, the educational process was not stopped due to distance learning using digital technologies. The article examines the history of the emergence of online distance learning, presents the results of research carried out by scientific organizations and universities in order to study the features of the organization of the educational process in conditions of distance learning, the life of participants in the educational process in schools, and their well-being in lockdown. To reduce the negative consequences of lockdown on children and adolescents and distance learning, medical and social approaches have been analyzed and substantiated.Conclusion. The solution of problems related to distance education can be realized in the course of scientific and methodological support and examination of the experiment on the implementation in 14 constituent entities of the Russian Federation of the target model of the digital educational environment in the field of general and secondary vocational education, planned in Russia in 2020–2022. For this, the Russian Academy of Sciences, represented by the Department of Medical Sciences and the Section of Preventive Medicine, the Ministry of Health of Russia, and Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor) have to be participants.
EFFECT OF MACROECONOMIC FACTORS ON TRADING VOLUMES OF MANUFACTURING AND ALLIED COMPANIES LISTED IN NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE
Authors: Chege Gabriel , Kirika Stanley 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to establish the effect of macroeconomic factors on stocks trading volumes of manufacturing and allied companies listed in Nairobi Securities Exchange.
Materials and Methods: The research adopted a quantitative descriptive design that focuses on nine manufacturing and allied companies listed in NSE and make up in the list of 25-share index companies. The nine manufacturing and allied companies were selected through purposive sampling techniques, where samples were selected based specific factors. The data used in the research was collected from Central Bank of Kenya, Nairobi Security Exchange and Kenya Bureau of Statistics. This research employed a panel data analysis using STATA software. Treasury bill rate was dropped from the model due to multicollinearity.
Results: The analysis found that there was a negative relationship between inflation on trading volume, exchange rate had a negative correlation with stock trading, lending rate had a negative correlation with stock trading volume of manufacturing and allied companies listed in the Nairobi Stock Exchange.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends the government should initiate policies that will lower the lending rate in Kenya as lower lending rate may translate to higher stock trading volumes. Further studies should research on other factors affecting stock trade volume which may include the value of the stocks and the information size in the market.
WAGE BILL AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LEVEL 5 FAITH BASED HOSPITALS IN NAIROBI METROPOLITAN, KENYA
Authors: Kisio Benedict , Githui Thomas , Omurwa John 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to examine the effect of wage bills on financial performance of Level 5 faith based hospitals in Nairobi Metropolitan, Kenya.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive survey was used in this study. The target population comprised of 6 Level 5 faith based hospitals, 30 staff members in Finance departments and 6 HR Managers. In total, the target population was 36. Census technique was used to select all the 36 respondents to participate in the study. Questionnaires were used to collect the data from the respondents whereas the financial statements were also obtained from the hospitals. Cross sectional technique was used to obtain data from the financial statements of the 6 Level 5 Faith Based Hospitals. Quantitative approach of analysis was used in the study whereby descriptive and inferential statistics were involved. The data was analyzed with the use of SPSS and summarized in frequencies and percentages. The summarized data was presented using figures and tables.
Results: The findings showed that salaries affected the financial performance of the faith based hospitals to some extent. Provision of performance related incentives and allowances affect the financial performance of the faith based hospitals to a greater extent. Majority of the respondents were positive that wage policy has an effect on the financial performance of faith based hospitals. Basic salary (Beta=.298) and wage policy (Beta=.364) were found to be positively related to the financial performance of faith based hospitals. On the other hand, performance related incentives and allowances had a negative inverse association. It was also found that majority of the hospitals are providing a wage bill between 36-40%. This is fairly good because it is close to the internationally accepted wage bill percentage standard of 35%.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Hospital wage bills should not exceed 40 per cent of the total revenue because it may lead to delayed payment of salaries or compromising some expenditure due to financial pressure.
Desempeño docente y evaluación de los aprendizajes de estudiantes del ciclo par de la especialidad de lenguaje, literatura y comunicación de la facultad de educación de la UNMSM, 2020
Authors: Saldaña Del Aguila Jorge , Guiop Valqui Mirtha , Rossell Carrasco Rosa Elizabeth 
Published: September 2021

El estudio estableció la relación entre el desempeño docente y la evaluación de los aprendizajes en los estudiantes del ciclo par de la especialidad de Lenguaje, Literatura y Comunicación de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. El sistema educativo peruano se encuentra en crisis institucional reflejada en la mala calidad del servicio que ofrecen las escuelas del país, esta crítica situación vulnera el derecho fundamental de todos a una educación de calidad. Razón que la Ley 30220 contempló en el sistema educativo universitario para mejorar. Enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, correlacional, básico Hernández et al. (2014). Aplicándose instrumentos validados por juicio de expertos, a 120 participantes (estudiantes) muestra no probabilística. Se observaron niveles para el desempeño docente: el medio (45,7%), alto (31,5%) y bajo (22,8%); y en la evaluación de los aprendizajes se observaron los siguientes niveles: en proceso (40,2%), logro (31,5%) e inicio (28,3%). En las estadísticas inferenciales se evidenció correlación moderada (r=0,630); para la hipótesis específica 1 (r=0,605), específica 2 (r=0,676); y específica 3 (r= 0, 645). Se concluye que existe relación entre el desempeño docente y la evaluación de los aprendizajes positiva y significativa en los estudiantes de la Facultad de Educación de la UNMSM.
COST RISK’S RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING PROJECT’S WHOLE LIFE CYCLE IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Authors: Sadek Ahmed 
Published: September 2021

Purpose – Project management cost and risk modelling is experiencing the challenge of identifying cost risks values to maintain accurate modelling, estimating, and assessment. Latest research focused on cost and risk modelling and estimation. The significance of cost risks numerical values come from its ability to be used in many different analysis and approaches. This article aims to identify residential building projects’ whole life cycle cost risks numerical values in UAE at the preconstruction stage and ensure its reliability and validity.
Methodology – The approach of this research is pure quantitative. The methodology of this research is to collect data though conducting face-to-face interviews quantitatively (i.e., cost risks values). The survey is using PMBOK risk matrix (i.e., probability vs. impact). Finally, data correlation and regression modelling ware done to ensure the reliability and validity of each cost risk value.
Findings – This paper was able to deliver reliable and valid residential project’s whole life cycle cost risks values (i.e., 117 cost risks) for direct use in future research or practical professional cost analysis.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy – This article contribution to the project management body of knowledge is to collect all relevant cost risks (i.e., 117 cost risks) and obtain their values from UAE field experts for the first time. The provided values are for residential project in UAE only. The perspective of how to look to cost risks values in this article (i.e., contractors’ and clients’ views) should be considered at the time of using the data. The consultancy services organizations will have different cost risks because they do not deal with delivering the final product, but they provide supporting services (i.e., design and supervision) to facilitate delivering the project.
CONSTRUCTION CASH FLOW AND RISK S-CURVES DEVELOPMENT APPROACH, AND AREA METHOD ANALYSIS AT THE PRECONSTRUCTION STAGE FROM CLIENT PERSPECTIVE IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Authors: Sadek Ahmed 
Published: September 2021

Purpose – Understanding construction cash flow estimation is crucial for project success. Experts are concerned about project’s cash-flow and risk estimation and control. Latest construction studies concentrated on modelling and estimating construction costs and risks.
Methodology – This article aims to approach pure quantitative mathematical modelling to develop the S-Curves (i.e., cash-flow and risks) and to develop the cash-flow simple area method. This research referred to the mathematical definitions of construction cash-flow and risks, integrating a clear systematic approach to develop the s-curves and to build the simple-area-method.
Findings – This research paper reviled that construction cash-flow and risk s-curves can be developed at the preconstruction stage, mathematically, without the need for having cost historical data of similar completed projects. In addition, this article has provided a simple area method approach mathematically, for construction cash flow analysis, using the basic developed cash-flow s-curve and the actual cost data of, at least, 2 completed similar projects. The simple area method is proved effective to provide a better understanding of cash-flow behaviour of the analysed projects’ type. However, the s-curves development can be generalised to cover construction cost and risk simple s-curves, while the area method is restricted with the projects’ characteristics (i.e., type, size, location, etc.) used in developing the simple area.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy – The significance of this study is to provide an S-Curve development approach for both cashflow and risk percentages from client perspective at the preconstruction stage, using solely the tender contract value. And to provide a simpler stochastic area method approach for project management professionals/researchers, who do not have large amount of historical similar projects’ cost data. Originality, theoretical-implications, practical-implications, and limitations are presented in the conclusion for future research.