bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Muscle function following testosterone replacement in men on opioid therapy for chronic non‐cancer pain: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kolind Mikkel Iwanoff , Christensen Louise Lehmann , Caserotti Paolo , Andersen Marianne Skovsager , Glintborg Dorte 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundChronic pain and opioid treatment are associated with increased risk of male hypogonadism and subsequently decreased muscle function. A diagnosis of hypogonadism is based on the presence of low total testosterone and associated symptoms. The effect of testosterone replacement therapy on muscle function in men with chronic pain and low total testosterone remains to be investigated.ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of testosterone replacement therapy on muscle function and gait performance in men treated with opioids for chronic non‐cancer pain.Materials and methodsA double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study. Forty‐one men (>18 years) with opioid‐treated chronic pain and serum total testosterone < 12 nmol/L were randomized to 24 weeks testosterone replacement therapy (testosterone undecanoate injection three times/6 months, n  = 20) or placebo injections (n  = 21). Muscle function was measured as leg press maximal voluntary contraction, leg extension power using the Nottingham power rig and handgrip strength using a handheld dynameter. Gait performance was measured at usual and maximal gait speed on a 10‐m track. Body composition (lean body mass and fat mass) was determined by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Mann‐Whitney tests were performed on ∆‐values (24‐0 weeks) between testosterone replacement therapy and placebo.ResultsAt baseline, median (interquartile range) age was 55 ± 13 years and BMI was 30.7 ± 5.2 kg/m2. ∆‐muscle function and ∆‐gait performance were similar between testosterone replacement therapy and placebo. Median ∆‐leg press maximal voluntary contraction was 174.2 ± 406.7 Newton, following testosterone replacement therapy, and 7.6 ± 419.1 Newton, after placebo, p = 0.091. ∆‐lean body mass was significantly higher following testosterone replacement therapy compared to placebo, 3.6 ± 2.7 versus 0.1 ± 3.5 kg, respectively (p < 0.001).DiscussionTestosterone replacement therapy, compared to placebo, did not improve muscle function or gait performance despite increased lean body mass. Changes in body composition did not infer any changes in muscle function.Conclusion24 weeks testosterone replacement therapy in opioid‐treated men with pain‐related male hypogonadism did not improve muscle function.
Finnish children who experienced narcolepsy after receiving the Pandemrix vaccine during the 2009–2010 H1N1 pandemic demonstrated high level of psychosocial problems
Authors: Hovi Marita , Heiskala Hannu , Aronen Eeva T. , Saarenpää‐Heikkilä Outi , Olsen Päivi , Nokelainen Pekka , Kirjavainen Turkka 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimWe assessed psychosocial burdens in children who developed narcolepsy after receiving the Pandemrix H1N1 vaccine during the 2009–2010 pandemic. Parental quality of life was also assessed.MethodsThis multicentre study covered four of the five Finnish University Hospital Districts, which dealt with about 90% of the paediatric narcolepsy cases after the Pandemrix vaccination. The medical records of children diagnosed from 2010 to 2014 were reviewed. The questionnaires included the Youth Self‐Report (YSR), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and questions on parental resources, stress and quality of life.ResultsWe obtained the medical records of 94 children who were aged 5–17 years at the time of their narcolepsy diagnosis and questionnaire data for 73 of those children. Most children had strong narcolepsy symptoms, and 25% had CDI scores that suggested depression. In addition, 41% had total CBCL problem scores above the clinically significant limit and 48% were anxious, withdrawn and had somatic complaints. Sleep latency was weakly associated with the CBCL total problem score. Half of the children needed psychiatric interventions and parental stress was common.ConclusionDepression and behavioural problems were common in children with narcolepsy after the Pandemrix vaccination and their parents frequently reported feeling stressed.
The efficacy of immediate implant placement in the anterior maxilla with dehiscence in the facial alveolar bone: A case series
Authors: Mizuno Keiichiro , Nakano Tamaki , Shimomoto Takuya , Fujita Yuya , Ishigaki Shoichi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is no clear evidence that immediate implant placement can be applied to cases with dehiscence in the facial alveolar bone prior to extraction.PurposeTo evaluate the results of immediate implant placement in the anterior maxilla with facial alveolar bone dehiscence.Materials and MethodsWe super positioned pre‐ and post‐operative cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) three‐dimensional reconstruction images. A CBCT was taken before tooth extraction (T0), when the definitive restoration was placed (T1), and 1 year after placing the definitive restoration (T2). The depth and width of the dehiscence at T0, and the height and width of the facial hard and soft tissues are measured at the implant site at T1 and T2. We calculated the change in the amount of hard and soft tissues from T1 to T2 and determined the correlation between preoperative facial alveolar bone morphology and postoperative gingival recession.Results13 women and 7 men were recruited. A total of 20 implants were evaluated. The implant survival rate was 100%. The mean facial alveolar bone dehiscence width was 3.9 ± 1.6 mm, and the mean depth from platform level was 2.9 ± 1.7 mm. The mean implant body exposure on the buccal was 4.8 ± 1.7 mm, and the mean socket width gap was 2.1 ± 0.8 mm. At T1, the mean facial hard tissue width was 2.1 ± 0.7 mm, and the mean height was 2.0 ± 0.7 mm. The mean change in vertical gingival recession from T1 to T2 was 0.5 ± 0.5 mm. We found a positive correlation between facial alveolar bone dehiscence width and gingival recession (r = 0.46, p‐value = 0.04) and between dehiscence depth and gingival recession (r = 0.48, p‐value = 0.03).ConclusionsThe results of our CBCT superposition method indicated that immediate implant placement can be considered in patients with facial alveolar bone dehiscence. However, there may be a higher risk of gingival recession with wide or deep dehiscence.
Training undergraduate students for rapid on‐site evaluation of fine needle aspiration cytology samples using a simulation‐based education activity
Authors: Miranda Alina , Shield Paul W. , Williams Vincent , Starkey Debbie , Kelly Michelle 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionDemand for rapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE) of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is rising and the role is increasingly being performed by non‐medical cytologists. Undergraduate training for cytologists has traditionally focused on laboratory‐based procedural activities and their theoretical underpinning, with minimal attention given to communication and other skills required to operate in an interprofessional setting. We evaluated the effectiveness and student reaction to a simulation‐based education (SBE) exercise in ROSE designed to fill this void.MethodsWe designed and evaluated an SBE exercise based on FNA ROSE across two tertiary institutions with 79 students. The exercise accurately reproduced the demands on cytologists operating as part of a multi‐disciplinary team in a time‐ pressured environment.FindingsPre‐ and post‐simulation questionnaires indicated an improvement in technical knowledge related to the procedure. Students' perception of their competence and confidence in their role also improved significantly post simulation. Students uniformly found the exercise engaging and a valuable addition to their curriculum.DiscussionThe simulation successfully provided a pseudo‐clinical environment that highlighted the realities of practising technical and diagnostic tasks under time pressure and interacting with other health professionals to provide an optimal patient outcome. The exercise is a useful supplement to on‐the‐job training for ROSE.
Mechanical aortic valve prostheses offer a survival benefit in 50–65 year olds: AUTHEARTVISIT study
Authors: Traxler Denise , Krotka Pavla , Laggner Maria , Mildner Michael , Graf Alexandra , Reichardt Berthold , Wendt Ralph , Auer Johann , Moser Bernhard , Mascherbauer Julia , Ankersmit Hendrik Jan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe present population‐based cohort study investigated long‐term mortality after surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) with bioprosthetic (B) or mechanical aortic valve prostheses (M) in a European social welfare state.MethodsWe analysed patient data from health insurance records covering 98% of the Austrian population between 2010 and 2018. Subsequent patient‐level record linkage with national health data provided patient characteristics and clinical outcomes. Further reoperation, myocardial infarction, heart failure and stroke were evaluated as secondary outcomes.ResultsA total of 13,993 patients were analysed and the following age groups were examined separately: <50 years (727 patients: 57.77% M, 42.23% B), 50–65 years (2612 patients: 26.88% M, 73.12% B) and >65 years (10,654 patients: 1.26% M, 98.74% B). Multivariable Cox regression revealed that the use of B‐AVR was significantly associated with higher mortality in patients aged 50–65 years compared to M‐AVR (HR = 1.676 [1.289–2.181], p < 0.001). B‐AVR also performed worse in a competing risk analysis regarding reoperation (HR = 3.483 [1.445–8.396], p = 0.005) and myocardial infarction (HR = 2.868 [1.255–6.555], p = 0.012). However, the risk of developing heart failure and stroke did not differ significantly after AVR in any age group.ConclusionsPatients aged 50–65 years who underwent M‐AVR had better long‐term survival, and a lower risk of reoperation and myocardial infarction. Even though anticoagulation is crucial in patients with M‐AVR, we did not observe significantly increased stroke rates in patients with M‐AVR. This evident survival benefit in recipients of mechanical aortic valve prostheses aged <65 years critically questions current guideline recommendations.
Persistent burglars and knocks on doors: Causal indispensability of knowing vindicated
Authors: Logins Artūrs 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe aim of the present article is to accomplish two things. The first is to show that given some further plausible assumptions, existing challenges to the indispensability of knowledge in causal explanation of action fail. The second is to elaborate an overlooked and distinct argument in favor of the causal efficacy of knowledge. In short, even if knowledge were dispensable in causal explanation of action, it is still indispensable in causal explanation of other mental attitudes and, in particular, some reactive attitudes and factive emotions. Taking into account this sort of causal efficacy in determining which mental states are genuine mental states opens up new perspectives for defending the view that knowledge is the most general factive and genuine mental state.
“I think it’s communication and trust and sharing everything”: Qualitative evidence for a model of healthy intimate relationships in Black women living with HIV and men in KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa
Authors: Belus Jennifer M. , Bradley Valerie D. , van Heerden Alastair , Msimango Lindani I. , Barnabas Ruanne V. , van Rooyen Heidi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn South Africa, couple‐based interventions (CBIs) have been used to increase HIV testing, reduce HIV transmission, and shift relationship dynamics. To understand local definitions of healthy relationships, this study sought to collect qualitative data on a model of healthy relationships in a semi‐rural area of KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa. We conducted semi‐structured qualitative interviews with HIV‐positive women (n = 15) and men of mixed HIV status (n = 15) who were in heterosexual, monogamous relationships (not with each other). Thematic analyses guided coding. Three primary healthy relationship behaviour themes emerged, labelled open communication, couple‐level problem‐solving, and active relationship building, which were related to various relationship facets (trust, support, respect, commitment, and connection). We purposively explored contextual themes, namely the role of HIV, positive community involvement, and power dynamics, to better situate the healthy relationship behaviour themes. HIV was not central to relationship conceptualisations and three different power structures (shared power/flexible gender norms, shared power/traditional gender norms, male‐dominated power/traditional gender norms) were described as being healthy. This model of healthy relationships is similar to observed definitions in other African countries and in high‐income settings. Findings can inform HIV programming content for couples in KwaZulu‐Natal, particularly the active relationship building component.
Growth and division mode plasticity is dependent on cell density in marine‐derived black yeasts
Authors: Goshima Gohta 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe diversity and ecological contribution of the fungus kingdom in the marine environment remain understudied. A recent survey in the Atlantic (Woods Hole, MA, USA) brought to light the diversity and unique biological features of marine fungi. The study revealed that black yeast species undergo an unconventional cell division cycle, which has not been documented in conventional model yeast species such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) and Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast). The prevalence of this unusual property is unknown. Here, I collected and identified 65 marine fungi species across 40 genera from the surface ocean water, sediment, and the surface of macroalgae (seaweeds) in the Pacific (Sugashima, Toba, Japan). The Sugashima collection largely did not overlap with the Woods Hole collection and included several unidentifiable species, further illustrating the diversity of marine fungi. Three black yeast species were isolated, two of which were commonly found in Woods Hole (Aureobasidium pullulans and Hortaea werneckii). Surprisingly, their cell division mode was dependent on cell density, and the previously reported unconventional division mode was reproduced only at a certain cell density. For all three black yeast species, cells underwent filamentous growth with septations at low cell density and immediately formed buds at high cell density. At intermediate cell density, two black yeasts (H. werneckii and an unidentifiable species) showed rod cells undergoing septation at the cell equator. In contrast, all eight budding yeast species showed a consistent division pattern regardless of cell density. This study suggests the plastic nature of the growth/division mode of marine‐derived black yeast.
Characteristic tryptic peptides and gelling properties of porcine skin gelatin affected by thermal action
Authors: Sha Xiao‐Mei , Zhang Li‐Jun , Chen Wen‐Mei , Wang Guang‐Yao , Li Jin‐Lin , Hu Zi‐Zi , Tu Zong‐Cai 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThermal action in extraction process had effects on characteristic tryptic peptides identification and gelling properties of porcine gelatin. SDS‐PAGE, HPLC‐LTQ/Orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry, texture analyser and rheometer were used to evaluate collagen depolymerisation degree, characteristic tryptic peptides and gelling properties of gelatins prepared in various thermal actions. Results showed that with increasing temperature and time, depolymerisation degree enlarged, while gel strength, gelling and melting temperature decreased. Mass spectra showed that 47 and 49 common characteristic tryptic peptides were identified in gelatins extracted at 50 °C and 100 °C with various times, respectively. Moreover, 34 common characteristic tryptic peptides were identified in all gelatin samples. Further comparison between this work and our previous investigations yielded 20 common characteristic tryptic peptides, which stably exist in various thermal actions. These common characteristic tryptic peptides may be very helpful for the accurate authentication of porcine gelatin.
A meme‐based research programme for management and organization studies
Authors: Gill Jameson , Price Ilfryn 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMemes are proposed as cultural equivalents to genes, and meme‐based research (memetics) has been undertaken to examine cultural aspects of management and organization studies (MOS). However, variable operationalization of the meme concept for a fragmented range of research topics has hampered the development of a coherent memetic MOS discipline. In particular, there is a largely unrecognized dilemma regarding the ontological status of the meme because it is unclear if the concept represents a real cultural gene‐like entity or a gene metaphor. This paper provides a fresh view of the applications of the meme in MOS and the degree to which fundamental meme theory supports the memetic endeavour for the field. The paper aims to improve the accessibility of memetics to MOS scholars, whose interests involve cultural phenomena, by summarizing the heterogeneity in the extant research and providing the basis for the next stage of the memetic MOS research programme. A conceptualization is provided to show how applications of the meme can be made, either as a real gene‐like entity or a gene metaphor. Ideas are provided for how research can be conducted that will contribute to MOS and support evaluation of the ontological status of the meme.
Using narratives and numbers in performance prediction: Attitudes, confidence, and validity
Authors: Niessen A. Susan M. , Kausel Edgar E. , Neumann Marvin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn a preregistered prediction‐task experiment, we investigated the effect of narrative versus quantified information on decision‐maker perceptions, confidence, predictor weighting, and predictive accuracy when making performance predictions. We also investigated the effect of who quantifies information (the decision maker or someone else). As expected, we found higher perceived informativeness and use intentions for narrative than quantified information. Information presented narratively was also weighted somewhat more heavily than quantified information. Using quantitative information quantified by decision makers themselves yielded higher perceived autonomy and use intentions than quantitative information quantified by someone else. However, no differences in prediction confidence were found and self‐ and other‐produced quantifications received identical weight. Moreover, unexpectedly, differences in weighting did not translate to differences in predictive accuracy.
Spatial deprivation: Impact on settlement intentions of eco‐migrants
Authors: Yang Haijuan , Hu Xiwu , Li Mingji , Song HakJun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractStudies have demonstrated that spatial deprivation (SD) exists in the process of ecological migration, but few studies have examined whether SD affects the settlement intention of eco‐migrants. Based on 648 valid questionnaires from 65 villages in China, this study investigates the effect of SD on the continued settlement intention (CSI)of eco‐migrants by developing a new theoretical model with integrating Expectation—Confirmation Model—Theory of planned behaviour (ECM–TPB) structural equation model. We find that the theoretical model has a high explanation with R2 = 75 per cent for CSI; the SD of villages are different from moving periods and landforms, and it has significant main effect on CSI and significant moderating effects on the relationship between settlement attitude, settlement satisfaction and CSI; settlement attitude has significant mediating effect on settlement usefulness to CSI. The study concludes that countries should reduce SD by optimizing the allocation of spatial resources to stabilize the settlement intention of eco‐migrants.
Excess burden of critical illness related to inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Laupland Kevin B. , Shekar Kiran , Tabah Alexis , Clement Pierre , Edwards Felicity , Ramanan Mahesh 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlthough inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with major morbidity and mortality, few studies have evaluated its associated burden of critical illness.AimsTo examine the epidemiology and outcome of intensive care unit (ICU) admission among patients with IBD in North Brisbane, Australia.MethodsA population‐based cohort design was used. All admissions to ICU serving the Metro North Hospital and Health Service among adult residents during 2017–2019 were included. Data were obtained from ICU clinical information systems with linkages to statewide admissions and death registries.ResultsAmong 9011 ICU admissions, 101 (1.1%) were among patients with IBD, of which 57 (0.6%) and 44 (0.5%) had ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD) respectively. The incidence of ICU admission was 379, 1336, 1514 and 1429 per 100 000 annually among those without IBD, CD, UC and IBD respectively. Patients with IBD were at excess risk for admission across all age groups, with women aged <50 years at highest risk and men thereafter. The all‐cause 90‐day case‐fatality rates following ICU admission were not significantly different among patient groups and were 18%, 12%, 15% and 12% for CD, UC, IBD and non‐IBD respectively. However, as compared with non‐IBD patients, those with CD (151.8 vs 39.4 per 100 000; relative risk (RR) 3.85; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25–9.02; P = 0.013), UC (159.4 vs 39.4 per 100 000; RR 4.05; 95% CI 1.48–8.84; P = 0.005) and IBD (155.6 vs 39.4 per 100 000; RR 3.95; 95% CI 1.96–7.10; P = 0.002) were at significantly higher risk for mortality.ConclusionsPatients with IBD suffer a major burden of critical illness.
The impact of topical agents and dressing on pH and temperature on wound healing: A systematic, narrative review
Authors: Derwin Rosemarie , Patton Declan , Avsar Pinar , Strapp Helen , Moore Zena 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo assess the impact of topical agents and dressings on surface wound pH, temperature, and subsequent wound healing. This was a systematic, narrative review of the literature, following the PRISMA (2020) guidelines. The databases searched were Medline PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus. Data synthesis and analysis were conducted using a structured narrative synthesis. The quality of the included clinical studies was appraised using the Evidence‐Based Literature (EBL) Critical Appraisal Tool. A total of six clinical studies were assessed as eligible for inclusion, A total of six dressings/topical agents were assessed and the types of wounds included non‐healing chronic wounds. Of the studies, five explored pH and one explored temperature. The EBL validity of the clinical studies was low (mean quality score was 51.3%). The five clinical studies that explored pH investigated different dressings and topical agents reporting an associated reduction in pH and improved wound outcomes. One clinical study investigated the impact of topical sodium nitrite on temperature and found that sodium nitrite increased peri‐wound skin temperature and improved wound outcomes with a reduction in leg ulcer size. Given the low certainty of the evidence, we cannot confidently recommend the use of any particular topical agent or dressing to manipulate pH, or temperature to improve wound outcomes. Thus, there is a need for further research to develop a greater understanding of this topic. Irish Research Council, Enterprise Partnership Scheme.