bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Prediction Model for Elderly Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Based on Combined Sleep Quality Assessment and Multimodal Ultrasound
Authors: Lou Xudan , Yi Na , Liu Yingchun , Xu Yuanyuan , Qiu Jieyuzhen , Tao Xiaoming , Bao Zhijun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective: To explore the differential diagnosis for benign and malignant thyroid nodules and the diagnostic value of sleep quality, to construct and validate a risk prediction model, providing the basis for clinical treatment decision for elderly thyroid cancer.
Methods: Clinical data, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and multimodal ultrasound were collected from elderly patients undergoing fine needle aspiration biopsy or thyroid surgery in our department of endocrinology and general surgery. Postoperative pathological served as the gold standard, binary logistic regression identified significant risk factors, and the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves was plotted to construct and validate the prediction model.
Results: Among 763 enrolled patients (566 benign and 197 malignant), multivariate analysis revealed independent risk factors: TPOAB positive, daytime dysfunction, PSQI > 7, irregular nodule shape, calcification, blood flow, high elasticity scores, and low contrast enhancement. The area under the curve (AUC) for the combined model was 0.860, significantly higher than models using multimodal ultrasound alone (AUC = 0.824) or multimodal ultrasound with TPOAB (AUC = 0.831), p < 0.05. The nomogram-based prediction model demonstrated excellent discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility in internal and external validation.
Conclusions: Integrating sleep quality assessment with multimodal ultrasound assisted in the differentiation of thyroid nodules in the elderly, thus may improve the preoperative diagnostic levels. Risk prediction model in a nomogram format provided an intuitive and reliable tool for clinical decision-making.
Strong nuclear expression of HOXB13 is a reliable surrogate marker for DNA methylome profiling to distinguish myxopapillary ependymoma from spinal ependymoma
Authors: Purkait Suvendu , Praeger Sophia , Felsberg Jörg , Pauck David , Kaulich Kerstin , Wolter Marietta , Koppstein David , Reifenberger Guido 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Spinal ependymoma and myxopapillary ependymoma are the two most common spinal ependymal tumor types that feature distinct histological characteristics, genetic alterations and DNA methylation profiles. Their histological distinction may be difficult in individual cases and molecular diagnostic assessment, in particular DNA methylome profiling, may then be required to assign the correct diagnosis. Expression of the homeobox gene HOXB13 at the mRNA and protein levels has been reported as a frequent finding in myxopapillary ependymoma that may serve as a diagnostic marker for these tumors. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic role of HOXB13 immunostaining in 143 spinal neoplasms, comprising 54 histologically classified myxopapillary ependymomas, 46 histologically classified spinal ependymomas, and various other tumor types. Immunohistochemical results for HOXB13 protein were compared to molecular findings obtained by bead array-based DNA methylation and DNA copy number profiling, as well as next generation gene panel sequencing-based mutational analysis. Our findings indicate strong nuclear HOXB13 expression as a reliable diagnostic marker for molecularly confirmed myxopapillary ependymoma. Moreover, we provide evidence that differential HOXB13 protein expression is related to differential HOXB13-associated CpG site methylation in myxopapillary versus spinal ependymomas, which can be assessed by targeted DNA methylation analysis. Taken together, immunohistochemistry for HOXB13 protein expression and targeted DNA methylation analysis of HOXB13 represent useful surrogate approaches that may substitute for DNA methylome profiling in routine diagnostics and facilitate precise classification of spinal ependymal tumors. In particular, strong nuclear HOXB13 immunoreactivity may serve as a novel diagnostic criterion for the classification of myxopapillary ependymoma.
Biobased Tricomponent (carboxymethyl chitosan/ cerium dioxide/iron III oxide) nanocomposite flakes for multifarious environmental decontaminations: magnetically separable and antimicrobial photocatalyst
Authors: Elsherbiny Dalia A. , Omer Noha , Abdulaziz Fahad , Alanazi Abdulaziz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCs) has been widely used in wastewater treatment due to its efficient functional groups. To boost its efficacy, a nanocomposite with two metal oxides, cerium dioxide (CeO2) and iron oxide (Fe2O3), was formed using the ball milling technique. Two concentrations (0.15 and 0.3g) of both metal oxides were loaded to CMCs and labeled as 0.15CeO2/Fe2O3/CMCs and 0.3CeO2/Fe2O3/CMCs nanocomposite and their photocatalytic performance was compared with the blank CMCs. Upon grinding, CMCs exhibited flake-like shapes that were significantly coated with CeO2 and Fe2O3. The nanocomposites were evaluated for their photocatalytic performance by measuring the degradation of Malachite Green (MG) dye under various conditions. The 0.15CeO2/Fe2O3/CMCs nanocomposite successfully achieved complete dye degradation at a concentration of 15 mg/L after 150 min, while the 0.3CeO2/Fe2O3/CMCs seized the degradation in 120 min. The research found that 400 ppm of catalyst was the ideal catalyst dose and that a pH 6 was optimum for photocatalytic degradation. The antibacterial activity was assessed against Gram-positive and negative bacteria and the 0.3CeO2/Fe2O3/CMCs exhibited notable antibacterial efficacy. The overall results reveal that CeO2/Fe2O3/CMCs nanocomposite flakes are efficient for the photocatalytic breakdown of organic dyes in wastewater emphasizing their potential for addressing environmental issues and combating microbial contamination.
Assessing Socio-Economic Disparities in Heat Stress Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity: A Comparative Study of Higher-Class Residents and Slum Dwellers in Dhaka
Authors: Mosaddek Nafisa , Ahmed Ayrin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Heat stress is a serious health and economic threat to the residents of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. The main causes of the increasing heat stress in Dhaka are climate change and rapid urbanization, which have resulted in a loss of green spaces and a rise in land surface temperature. The effects of heat stress are not evenly distributed among the population. The poor and vulnerable groups, such as slum dwellers, street vendors, factory workers, and women and children, are more exposed and less resilient to the extreme heat. Heat stress can cause dehydration, heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and even death. It can also reduce labor productivity, impair cognitive function, and exacerbate pre-existing health conditions. To address the heat stress challenge, Dhaka needs to adopt a comprehensive and coordinated approach that involves multiple stakeholders and sectors. Some of the possible solutions include increasing green spaces and urban forestry, improving building design and insulation, enhancing public awareness and education, providing cooling facilities and shelters, and developing heat action plans and early warning systems.
Post-Election Anxiety on Academic Performance Among Senior High School Teachers and Students in Ghana: A Case of Twifo Hemang Lower Denkyira District, Central Region
Authors: AMOAH-OPPONG DANIEL , BIO JODY YEBOAA , APPIAH MICHAEL 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Elections serve as a fundamental element of democracy and frequently induce strong emotions and political tensions, which can greatly affect societal well-being like education. This research examines post-election anxiety among senior high school teachers and students, specifically in Twifo Hemang Lower Denkyira District in the Central Region of Ghana. It focuses on its psychological, social, and educational consequences. Although there is extensive global research regarding election-related anxiety, there has been limited focus on its impact on educational stakeholders in sub-Saharan Africa. This study addresses this gap by examining the experiences, coping strategies, and educational consequences of post-election anxiety in Ghana. This study employed a qualitative research design based on phenomenology. The study gathered insights from 10 teachers and 15 students through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. These participants were carefully and purposefully selected to ensure a range of perspectives. Thematic analysis showed that post-election anxiety negatively affected the mental health of both teachers and students, which hampered teacher effectiveness and reduced student engagement and academic performance. Teachers reported feeling emotionally drained and less motivated, whereas students encountered increased anxiety and a diminished ability to concentrate on their studies. Coping strategies differed because teachers often found comfort in social interactions and political discourse, while students had difficulty managing their anxieties. The results highlight the pressing need to incorporate mental health and emotional resilience programs into educational policies because it will help lessen disruptions in the teaching and learning process to preserve academic outcomes. This research illustrates the link between political events and educational well-being, calling for proactive measures to foster a supportive learning environment. Policymakers and educational leaders need to prioritise mental health resources in schools to ensure resilience during election periods. Educational institutions can sustain continuity and promote a more stable and effective academic environment in times of political instability when post-election anxiety is addressed to the barest minimum.
Combined use advantages of nimesulide oral and local forms in pain syndrome treatment
Authors: Shavlovskaya O. A. 
Published: February 2025

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are usually prescribed either locally (topical forms) at the first stage, or orally at the second stage, if the effect of local pain relief when using NSAIDs has not been achieved. The combined use of different forms with the same NSAID molecule will enhance and prolong the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect, reduce the dosage of the oral drug, and thereby reduce the risks of adverse events (AE). Nimesulide is a representative of the sulfonanilide class among NSAIDs, refers to drugs that inhibit mainly the enzyme cyclooxygenan-2 (COX-2), and has no effect on COX-1. Selective COX-2 inhibitors are significantly less likely to cause the development of NSAID-gastropathies. Nimesulide is characterized by a low range of relative risks (RR) compared to other commonly prescribed NSAIDs: <2 for rofecoxib, celecoxib, nimesulide; from 2 to < 5 for naproxen, ibuprofen, diclofenac, etoricoxib, meloxicam; and ≥ 5 for ketoprofen, piroxicam, ketorolac. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of nimesulide is achieved by inhibiting the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), histamine, inhibiting the formation of reactive oxygen species, releasing matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), and inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis. The clinical effectiveness of the analgesic effect of nimesulide has been proven in pain syndrome in patients with osteoarthritis (OA), lower back pain (LBP), gouty arthritis. The anti-inflammatory effect of nimesulide is manifested in the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Nimesulide has a low level of AE from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), therefore it can be recommended for elderly patients.
Recent Advances in Diosmetin: Pharmacological, Pharmacokinetic, and Toxicological Profile
Authors: Singh Bhoopendra , Semwal Bhupesh C. , Singh Sonia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Diosmetin, also known as 3´, 5, 7-trihydroxy-4´-methoxyflavone, is a bioflavonoid that
can be found in several food sources. These include mainly citrus fruits and plants, such as Rosmarinus
officinalis, Citrus sinensis, Galium verum, and Rosa agrestis. It has been shown that diosmetin
has pharmacological actions that include neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anticancer properties.
The objective of this manuscript is to provide a comprehensive review of the pharmacological,
pharmacokinetic, and toxicological profile of diosmetin. The information has been collected from
several research papers found in various databases, including Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus,
and ScienceDirect. Diosmetin has the potential to reduce inflammation, and it can also improve
vascular functions and protect against oxidative stress, both of which are essential for the prevention
and management of several diseases.
In-Silico Approaches for Drug Designing Technology: Bridging Discovery and Development
Authors: Islam Aminul , Jena Diptimayee , Mondal Nur Shaid , Teli Aniya , Mondal Sandip , Gautam Manish Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Traditional drug discovery processes have disadvantages such as efficiency, cost, and high attrition rates. In silico methods, involving computational simulations and modelling, offer powerful solutions to bridge the gap between discovery and development. This review explores various in silico approaches, including ligand-based and structure-based drug design, virtual screening, molecular docking, and ADMET prediction. We explore their utilization throughout different phases of phar-maceutical development, spanning from target identification and lead refinement to forecasting tox-icity and pharmacokinetics. In-silico methods enable rapid lead identification and optimization, re-ducing reliance on expensive wet lab experiments. They contribute to improved drug quality by pre-dicting ADMET properties and off-target effects, ultimately accelerating development timelines and lowering costs. In silico approaches are revolutionizing drug design by providing predictive and cost-effective solutions. Incorporating them into the design process streamlines lead refinement and en-hances the likelihood of success for potential drugs, ultimately expediting the translation of innova-tive treatments to patients.
Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in COPD Patients
Authors: Hariputri Wulan Rahmawati , Rosyid Alfian Nur 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is identified by repetitive airway obstruction while
sleeping, which affects decreased oxygen levels and fragmented sleeping. Structural contributors
include a small jaw, enlarged adenoids, Down syndrome, and a low hyoid bone. Non-structural
risk factors are obesity, older age, male sex, alcohol use, smoking, and neurological disorders.
OSA is diagnosed based on obstructive respiratory events during sleep. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease (COPD) encompasses the chronic emphysema and bronchitis. Both are marked
by persistent symptoms that significantly impact respiratory function. Chronic bronchitis can be
identified by a long-term cough along with the production of mucus, while emphysema involves
the gradual destruction of the air sacs in the lungs, leading to difficulty in breathing. Together, these
conditions result in ongoing shortness of breath, reduced airflow, and a decreased ability to
perform everyday activities, severely affecting life for those affected patients. “Overlap syndrome”
refers to the coexistence of COPD and OSA. In these patients, sleep worsens breathing difficulties,
leading to significant oxygen desaturation, especially during REM sleep. This results
from airway obstructions and reduced respiratory drive, with factors like smoking and corticosteroid
use exacerbating the condition.
Impact of CT-Relevant Skeletal Muscle Parameters on Post-Chemotherapy Survival in Patients with Unresectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Siying , Wu Zhenping , Sa Guo , Feng Zhan , Chen Feng 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
The study aimed to investigate the association of CT-relevant skeletal muscle parameters, such as sarcopenia and myosteatosis, with survival
outcomes in patients receiving chemotherapy for unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods:
In this retrospective analysis, patients who began chemotherapy for unresectable PDAC were included. Sarcopenia and myosteatosis were assessed
on pretreatment CT at the L3 level by skeletal muscle index and mean muscle attenuation with predefined cutoff values. The Cox proportional
hazards model was used to analyze the factors associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results:
A total of 150 patients were enrolled. Compared to patients without sarcopenia, patients with sarcopenia had significantly worse PFS (p=0.003)
and OS (p<0.001). Patients with myosteatosis had significantly worse PFS (p=0.01) and OS (p=0.002) compared to those without myosteatosis. In
multivariate analysis, after adjusting for age, sex, tumor size, location, treatment modality, smoking, drinking, underlying diseases, and partial
laboratory tests, sarcopenia remained an independent predictor of PFS (p=0.006) and OS (p<0.001). Myosteatosis remained an independent
predictor of OS (p=0.008), but not of PFS.

Conclusion:
Sarcopenia and myosteatosis are independent prognostic factors for patients with unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after
chemotherapy.
A Mini Review on Bioactive Compounds in E-Cigarette Flavourings: Pharmacokinetics and Health Implications
Authors: Sen Shinjini , Aggarwal Navya , Bondhopadhyay Banashree 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
The introduction of electronic cigarettes has sparked considerable debate regarding the
safety, efficacy, and potential abuseof such modern alternatives to tobacco smoking. Electronic
cigarettes, also referred to as vapes, are battery-powered devices that produce inhalable aerosols
by heating liquid solutions containing nicotine, flavours, and other chemicals. While e-cigarettes
produce fewer pollutants than traditional cigarettes, they are not completely harmless. Chemicals
found in e-cigarette vapour, such as, flavouring compounds, are lethal to human health. Menthol,
diacetyl and cinnamaldehyde are some of the most injurious chemicals found as flavourings in ecigarettes.
This study reviews the pharmacokinetic properties, medicinal uses, and harmful impact
of these compounds on health. The absorption of these flavourings occurs by inhalation, followed
by their distribution throughout the body. They are metabolized majorly in the liver and
eliminated via urine, faeces and exhalation. These compounds have been majorly used as
flavouring in food items as well, and possess medicinal prowess such as anti-irritation, antidiabetic,
and anti-microbial properties. However, these chemicals are ridden with harmful health
repercussions, such as inflammation, cytotoxicity, DNA damage, ciliary impairment, and
neurotoxicity. This review reveals the limitations of the current research status in the domain of
pharmacological properties of these flavouring compounds. Thus, it is recommended to update
pre-existing outdated studies, with improved latest research on these compounds, which hold
relevance in the present time. The very hypocritical nature of e-cigarettes has been revealed,
which were supposed to be a safer and healthier alternative to traditional smoking, but in reality,
are detrimental to health.
Modulation of Urinary Lipid Peroxidation Products in Breast Cancer and Design of Mimetic 4-HNE (4-HNEM) as SIRT2 Inhibitor
Authors: Prasad Megha , Khunteta Kratika , Patel Vaidehi , Raj Shiny , Raj Ajay Kumar , Lokhande Kiran Bharat , Nandangiri Rasika , Gore Charusheela R. , Sarode Sachin C. , Sharma Nilesh Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Dysregulated metabolism, including lipid peroxidation, contributes to the
various stages of breast cancer, including initiation and progression. However, 4-HNE mimetic as a
new class of drugs of epigenetic enzymes is not explored.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to explore the relevance of lipid peroxidation products
in breast cancer and the design of mimetic 4-HNE as an inhibitor of SIRT2.

Methods:
The metabolite profiling of 4-HNE was collected from the urine of breast cancer patients
and healthy subjects by employing an in-house developed vertical tube gel electrophoresis (VTGE)
tool and LC-HRMS. The determination of lipid peroxidation products MDA was estimated by thiobarbituric
acid-reactive substance (TBARS) assay. Mimetic 4-HNE (4-HNEM) was designed and
evaluated for their inhibitory binding affinity upon a potential target SIRT2 using molecular docking
and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.

Results:
Metabolic profiling of 4-HNE indicated detectable levels in the urine of breast cancer patients
over non-detectable levels in healthy subjects. Also, the level of TBARS MDA appeared to
be reduced in the urine of breast cancer patients over healthy control. Computational tool-assisted
molecular docking-based screening data predicted that 4-HNE has a good inhibitory binding affinity
(-7.0 kcal/mol) upon SIRT2. Furthermore, the designed mimetic 4-HNEM projected an improved
inhibitory binding affinity (-8.7 kcal/mol) against SIRT2. Furthermore, mimetic 4-HNEM
exhibited equivalent strong binding affinity and specific interacting amino acid residues (ARG97,
PHE119, ALA186, PHE234, PHE235) similar to a known SIRT2 inhibitor 8NO. ADMET profiles
of 4-HNEM, including drug-induced liver injury and cytotoxicity, were found to be slightly better
than a known SIRT2 inhibitor 8NO.

Conclusion:
This study emphasizes the relevance of 4-HNE and MDA as biomarkers in breast
cancer. A mimetic 4-HNEM is projected to be a novel small-molecule inhibitor of SIRT2 that
could be explored as a potential combinatorial anticancer agent.
Overweight and Obesity and Progression to End-Stage Kidney Disease in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: Nowak Kristen L , Copeland Timothy P. , Ku Elaine , Sarnak Mark J. , Gitomer Berenice , Abebe Kaleab Z. , Chapman Arlene , Perrone Ronald , Rahbari-Oskoui Frederic F. , Steinman Theodore , Yu Alan S. L. , Chonchol Michel 
Published: February 2025

Background and Objectives:
Prior research has linked higher body-mass index (BMI) and greater visceral adiposity with more rapid progression of early-stage autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). We now evaluate the association between overweight and obesity in early- and late-stage patients with ADPKD with progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).

Design, Setting, Participants, and Measurements:
Participants with early-stage ADPKD (Study A; N=556; eGFR: 91±17 mL/min/1.73m2) and late-stage (Study B; N=483; eGFR: 48±12 mL/min/1.73m2) ADPKD who participated in the HALT PKD trials were categorized by BMI as normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m2; ref; N=357), overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m2; N=384), or obese (≥30 kg/m2; N=298). Kaplan Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the association of baseline BMI as a continuous and categorical variable with risk of ESKD (according to the US Renal Data System) over median (IQR) follow-up period of 12.2 (7.5, 13.3) [Study A] and 7.3 (5.1, 11.7) [Study B] years (primary outcome). All-cause mortality (National Death Index) was also considered as a competing risk (Fine and Gray method).

Results:
The number of ESKD events was greater with overweight (N=24) and obesity (N=23) in HALT Study A vs. normal weight (12) but not HALT Study B (normal weight: N=89, overweight: N=102, obese: N=92). In fully adjusted models, higher BMI was associated with risk of progression to ESKD in Study A (Hazard Ratio [HR (95% CI)] 1.09 [1.03, 1.15] per unit higher BMI) but not Study B (HR: 0.98 [0.96, 1.00]). Obesity was associated with increased risk of ESKD (HR: 2.71 [1.22, 6.02] vs. normal weight) in Study A only. Results were similar when considering death as a competing risk.

Conclusions:
Higher BMI, particularly obesity, increased the risk of progression to ESKD in early- but not late-stage patients with ADPKD.