bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatores de risco para osteoporose em uma amostra da população de atenção primária em São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Carvalho Jozélio Freire de , Klack Karin , Domingues Elaine Zamora , Castro Pedro Paulo Neves de , Brandão Neto Rodrigo Antônio , Nemes Filho Alexandre 
Published: June 2021

<p><strong>Introdução</strong>: a segurança é considerada um pilar da qualidade dos cuidados à saúde e seu sucesso depende do comprometimento<br />individual e coletivo, porém, seu ensino é incipiente nas faculdades de medicina brasileiras. <strong>Objetivo</strong>: avaliar o impacto de intervenção sobre segurança do paciente no conhecimento e atitude dos alunos de medicina. <strong>Metodologia</strong>: conduziu-se o estudo do tipo pré-pós intervenção de janeiro a novembro de 2017. Todos os estudantes de graduação de medicina do 6° ano que realizaram estágio no hospital sob estudo foram incluídos. A intervenção compreendeu acolhimento, aula expositiva, estágio e aplicação de questionário para avaliar conhecimento e atitude sobre erro humano e segurança do paciente, que foi aplicado em 3 momentos: antes da aula e do estágio, imediatamente após a aula e após 15 dias da aula e término do estágio. As notificações de incidentes foram analisadas. <strong>Resultados</strong>: participaram 98 (100%) estudantes, dos quais 62% eram do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 25,8 anos. Após a intervenção, observou-se melhora significativa no conhecimento sobre a inevitabilidade do erro em saúde e a caracterização do profissional envolvido no incidente. As atitudes autorreferidas melhoraram significativamente em relação à necessidade de apoio institucional, abordagem sistêmica e adoção de práticas seguras para prevenção de erros; comunicação sobre riscos e erros para superiores, paciente e familiares e que apenas os médicos podem analisar os incidentes. <strong>Conclusão</strong>: a intervenção foi efetiva para aumentar o conhecimento dos estudantes sobre cultura de segurança, porém limitou-se na mudança de atitude, pois não evidenciou a notificação de incidentes em saúde.</p>
AS CONSTRUÇÕES RELATIVAS NO PORTUGUÊS POPULAR DE FEIRA DE SANTANA-BA
Authors: Araújo Silvana Silva de Farias , Da Silva Jéssica Carneiro 
Published: June 2021

Apresenta-se o resultado do uso variável das construções relativas (CRel) na perspectiva da Sociolinguística em doze entrevistas da fala popular de Feira de Santana-BA. Objetivou-se descrever o português popular feirense e comparar o seu comportamento linguístico com o do português rural afro-brasileiro (BURGOS, 2003; RIBEIRO, 2009, LUCCHESI, 2015). Fixaram-se duas variáveis dependentes: i) relativização de termos não preposicionados – relativas com lacuna e com lembrete, e ii) relativização de termos preposicionados – relativas <em>pied piping</em> e cortadoras. Verificou-se uso exclusivo do relativo <strong>que</strong>, poucas CRel com lembrete e predominância das cortadoras. Os resultados revelam que o português popular de Feira de Santana aproxima-se do comportamento linguístico observado nas comunidades rurais afro-brasileiras e distancia-se do português de Portugal (SILVA, 2011).
Delayed Gadolinium‐Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cartilage Values in Hips With Bone Marrow Lesions
Authors: Jones Carly E. , Cibere Jolanda , Qian Hong , Zhang Honglin , Guo Yimeng , Russell David , Forster Bruce B. , Wong Hubert , Esdaile John M. , Wilson David R. 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveBone marrow lesions (BMLs) are associated with painful and progressive osteoarthritis (OA). Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to study early cartilage degeneration in knees with BML, but similar work has not been done in hips. The purpose of this study was to compare mean delayed gadolinium‐enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) relaxation values (T1Gd) in hips with BML to hips without BML in a population‐based study. Reduced T1Gd suggests depleted glycosaminoglycan. Our hypothesis was that mean T1Gd is lower in hips with BML compared to hips without BML.MethodsStudy participants (n = 128) were recruited from a cross‐sectional population‐based study of people ages 20–49 years with and without hip pain. dGEMRIC and proton density (PD)–weighted MRI scans of 1 hip from each participant were used for this analysis. BMLs were identified from PD‐weighted fat‐suppressed images. We applied a sampling‐weighted linear regression model to determine the association of the presence of BMLs with mean cartilage T1Gd (significance: P < 0.05). The model was adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), hip pain, cam/pincer deformity, and physical activity.ResultsThirty‐two (25%) of the 128 participants had at least 1 BML. Subjects with at least 1 BML, compared to those without, had similar weighted characteristics of age, BMI, physical activity levels, and frequency of hip pain. Mean T1Gd was 75.25 msec lower (95% confidence interval –149.69, –0.81; P = 0.048) (9%) in the BML compared to the no‐BML group.ConclusionOur results suggest that hips with BMLs are associated with hip cartilage degeneration early in the OA disease process.
Flexible Bicolorimetric Polyacrylamide/Chitosan Hydrogels for Smart Real‐Time Monitoring and Promotion of Wound Healing
Authors: Zheng Kaikai , Tong Yu , Zhang Shihao , He Ruiying , Xiao Lan , Iqbal Zoya , Zhang Yuhong , Gao Jie , Zhang Lei , Jiang Libo , Li Yulin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractReal‐time monitoring of wound healing remains a major challenge in clinical tissue regeneration, calling the need for the development of biomaterial‐guided on‐site monitoring wound healing technology. In this study, multifunctional double colorimetry‐integrated polyacrylamide‐quaternary ammonium chitosan‐carbon quantum dots (CQDs)‐phenol red hydrogels are presented, aiming to simultaneously detect the wound pH level, reduce bacterial infection, and promote wound healing. The hybridization of CQDs and pH indicator (phenol red) with the hydrogels enables their high responsiveness, reversibility, and accurate indication of pH variability to reflect the dynamic wound status in the context of both ultraviolet and visible light. Furthermore, these visual images can be collected by smartphones and converted into on‐site wound pH signals, allowing for a real‐time evaluation of the wound dynamic conditions in a remote approach. Notably, the hydrogels exhibit excellent hemostatic and adhesive properties, maintain sufficient wound moisture, and promote wound healing via their high antibacterial activity (against Staphylococcus Aureus, and Escherichia Coli) and skin repair function. Overall, the resulting hydrogels have high potential as a novel smart and flexible wound dressing platform for theranostic skin regeneration.
Five‐Membered Ring Nitroxide Radical: A New Class of High‐Potential, Stable Catholytes for Neutral Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Hu Bo , Fan Hao , Li Hongbin , Ravivarma Mahalingam , Song Jiangxuan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe utilization of redox‐active and stable cyclic nitroxide radicals (CNRs) holds a great promise in neutral aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs) for large‐scale energy storage. Herein, a new class of CNRs with five‐membered ring pyrrolidine and pyrroline motifs for AORFBs is reported. By rational molecular engineering of introducing CC double bond into the pyrrolidine‐based molecule, 3‐carbamoyl‐2,2,5,5‐tetramethylpyrroline‐1‐oxyl (CPL) with a high redox potential of 0.76 V (vs Ag/AgCl) is demonstrated, which is 160 mV higher than the common 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine 1‐oxyl derivatives with a six‐membered ring as the core structure. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the much enhanced redox potential for CPL is largely contributed by lowered standard free energy in reduction reaction and charge population sum of NO radical head. When paired with the BTMAP‐viologen anolyte, the CPL‐based AORFB delivers constant capacity retention of up to 99.96%/cycle over 500 cycles.
Light‐Driven Self‐Oscillating Behavior of Liquid‐Crystalline Networks Triggered by Dynamic Isomerization of Molecular Motors
Authors: Sun Jian , Hu Wei , Zhang Lanying , Lan Ruochen , Yang Huai , Yang Deng‐Ke 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe self‐sustainable dynamic movement of soft actuators represents a continuous motion upon constant stimulus to achieve its great potential in emerging photoresponsive applications from self‐propelling machines, artificial robots to advanced biomimetic devices. Conversion of dynamic isomerization of molecular motors and switches into macroscopic self‐oscillation of soft materials is highly attractive but challenging. In this study, an overcrowded alkene motor with trifunctional acrylate groups is designed and synthesized, and its photoisomerization can be achieved in the liquid‐crystalline networks. Furthermore, the photodynamic storage modulus can be mainly modulated by the dynamic stable–unstable isomerization of the molecular motor upon UV exposure. Thus, the light‐driven self‐oscillating behavior from chaotic to regular movement can be performed based on the photodynamic mechanical balance of the micro‐oscillating modulus of the polymer network triggered by the dynamic reconfiguration of the motor. The results pave the way for inspirations in the development of advanced photoactive functional architectures and biomimetic actuators.
Communicating Particles: Identification Taggant and Temperature Recorder in One Single Supraparticle
Authors: Reichstein Jakob , Miller Franziska , Wintzheimer Susanne , Mandel Karl 
Published: June 2021

Abstract“Communicating particles” are reported that combine an identification (ID) taggant and a temperature recorder in one single entity—a micron‐scaled supraparticle. The optical information carriers within the hybrid inorganic‐organic supraparticles are three different types of luminescent nanoparticles, which can be read‐out using single‐wavelength excitation. These three nanoparticle types are assembled into a core‐satellite structure via a two‐step droplet evaporation technique. The core is built‐up from Tb3+and Eu3+‐doped nanophosphors, providing an environmentally stable ID that is easily tunable through ratiometric spectral coding. This core is surrounded by organic, dye‐doped polymer nanoparticle satellites, acting as thermal‐history‐recorders of their environment. Exposed to a threshold temperature, the luminescence of the utilized 7‐diethylamino‐4‐methylcoumarin‐doped polymer nanoparticles is irreversibly quenched. This “turn‐off ” signal response is attributed to conformational changes in the dyes’ excited state and an alteration of their molecular environment, respectively, triggered by the polymer nanoparticles’ glass transition. Thus, the sensitivity of the temperature recorder can be configured over a wide temperature range by varying the dye‐hosting polymer. At the same time, the ID of the particle, stemming from its inorganic building blocks, stays unaffected, thus stable against thermal changes. The idea of communicating particles introduces a promising concept for smart additives.
All‐In‐One Dendrimer‐Based Lipid Nanoparticles Enable Precise HDR‐Mediated Gene Editing In Vivo
Authors: Farbiak Lukas , Cheng Qiang , Wei Tuo , Álvarez‐Benedicto Ester , Johnson Lindsay T. , Lee Sang , Siegwart Daniel J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractClustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated (Cas) protein gene editing is poised to transform the treatment of genetic diseases. However, limited progress has been made toward precise editing of DNA via homology‐directed repair (HDR) that requires careful orchestration of complex steps. Herein, dendrimer‐based lipid nanoparticles (dLNPs) are engineered to co‐encapsulate and deliver multiple components for in vivo HDR correction. BFP/GFP switchable HEK293 cells with a single Y66H amino acid mutation are employed to assess HDR‐mediated gene editing following simultaneous, one‐pot delivery of Cas9 mRNA, single‐guide RNA, and donor DNA. Molar ratios of individual LNP components and weight ratios of the three nucleic acids are systematically optimized to increase HDR efficiency. Using flow cytometry, fluorescence imaging, and DNA sequencing to quantify editing, optimized 4A3‐SC8 dLNPs edit >91% of all cells with 56% HDR efficiency in vitro and >20% HDR efficiency in xenograft tumors in vivo. Due to the all‐in‐one simplicity and high efficacy, the developed dLNPs offer a promising route toward the gene correction of disease‐causing mutations.
Hybrid Plasmonic Surface Lattice Resonance Perovskite Lasers on Silver Nanoparticle Arrays
Authors: Huang Zhen‐Ting , Yin Chih‐Wei , Hong Yu‐Heng , Li Heng , Hong Kuo‐Bin , Kao Tsung Sheng , Shih Min‐Hsiung , Lu Tien‐Chang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe hybrid plasmonic surface lattice resonance (SLR) laser constructed by a MAPbBr3 perovskite thin film on the Ag nanoparticle array is unambiguously demonstrated in this research. The relatively high refractive index of the perovskite thin film provides an excellent coupling between the photonic mode and SLR, leading to a high spontaneous emission coupling factor and a low threshold lasing. Furthermore, a novel spin‐coating process applied to grow the MAPbBr3 perovskite thin film can leave air gaps under the perovskite that provides a large index difference in the periodic array, making the hybrid plasmonic SLR exhibits a high density of state, which is beneficial for laser operation. Via theoretical design and experimental verification, the lasing behaviors of the hybrid plasmonic SLR perovskite laser show excellent characteristics with a fixed polarization. This demonstration facilitates an enhanced lasing performance and realization of the low‐cost and low‐energy‐consumption laser application.
Kinetically Stabilized Cation Arrangement in Li3YCl6 Superionic Conductor during Solid‐State Reaction
Authors: Ito Hiroaki , Shitara Kazuki , Wang Yongming , Fujii Kotaro , Yashima Masatomo , Goto Yosuke , Moriyoshi Chikako , Rosero‐Navarro Nataly Carolina , Miura Akira , Tadanaga Kiyoharu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe main approach for exploring metastable materials is via trial‐and‐error synthesis, and there is limited understanding of how metastable materials are kinetically stabilized. In this study, a metastable phase superionic conductor, β‐Li3YCl6, is discovered through in situ X‐ray diffraction after heating a mixture of LiCl and YCl3 powders. While Cl− arrangement is represented as a hexagonal close packed structure in both metastable β‐Li3YCl6 synthesized below 600 K and stable α‐Li3YCl6 above 600 K, the arrangement of Li+ and Y3+ in β‐Li3YCl6 determined by neutron diffraction brought about the cell with a 1/√3 a‐axis and a similar c‐axis of stable α‐Li3YCl6. Higher Li+ ion conductivity and lower activation energy for Li+ transport are observed in comparison with α‐Li3YCl6. The computationally calculated low migration barrier of Li+ supports the low activation energy for Li+ conduction, and the calculated high migration barrier of Y3+ kinetically stabilizes this metastable phase by impeding phase transformation to α‐Li3YCl6. This work shows that the combination of in situ observation of solid‐state reactions and computation of the migration energy can facilitate the comprehension of the solid‐state reactions allowing kinetic stabilization of metastable materials, and can enable the discovery of new metastable materials in a short time.
Dopant‐Free Hole‐Transporting Material with Enhanced Intermolecular Interaction for Efficient and Stable n‐i‐p Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Jing , Wu Xin , Liu Yizhe , Qin Tian , Zhang Kaicheng , Li Ning , Zhao Juan , Ye Ruquan , Fan Zhanxi , Chi Zhenguo , Zhu Zonglong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDeveloping low‐cost, efficient, and stable dopant‐free hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) in perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) is essential to their commercial deployment. Herein, the synthesis of a novel spirofluorene‐dithiolane based small molecular HTM, SFDT‐TDM, through facile and low‐cost synthetic routes is reported. The CH…π interactions in adjacent SFDT‐TDM are beneficial for high hole mobility and the methylthio groups in SFDT‐TDM can serve as Lewis bases to passivate the defects on the surface of perovskite films, leading to suppressed non‐radiative recombination and enhanced charge extraction at the perovskite/HTM interface. As a result, CsxFA1−xPbI3 based PVSCs with SFDT‐TDM as the HTM realize champion power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 21.7% and 20.3% for small‐area (0.04 cm2) and large‐area (1.0 cm2) devices with negligible photocurrent hysteresis, respectively. Additionally, all‐inorganic CsPbI3−xBrx based PVSCs with SFDT‐TDM demonstrate an impressive PCE of 17.1% along with excellent stability. This work highlights the great potential of the spirofluorene core for exploring low‐cost and dopant‐free HTMs for PVSCs with high efficiency and stability.
Hepatocellular carcinoma as a complication of Niemann‐Pick disease type C1
Authors: Rodriguez‐Gil Jorge L. , Bianconi Simona E. , Farhat Nicole , Kleiner David E. , Nelson Marie , Porter Forbes D. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTNiemann‐Pick disease type C (NPC) is a rare and fatal lysosomal storage disorder characterized by neurodegeneration and hepatic involvement. Mutations in either NPC1 or NPC2, two genes encoding lysosomal proteins, lead to an intracellular accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and sphingolipids in late endosomes/lysosomes. Early cholestatic disease is considered a hallmark of patients with early disease onset. This can potentially result in liver failure shortly after birth or subclinical hepatic inflammation. Previous reports suggest an association between NPC and hepatocellular carcinoma, a cancer that is rare during childhood. We present a 12‐year‐old male with a known diagnosis of NPC1 disease who was found to have a stage III hepatocellular carcinoma, underwent surgical resection with adjuvant chemotherapy, and subsequently died from metastatic disease. This report provides evidence of an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in NPC patients, suggesting a need for screening in this patient population.
Principles of Water Electrolysis and Recent Progress in Cobalt‐, Nickel‐, and Iron‐Based Oxides for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Yu Mingquan , Budiyanto Eko , Tüysüz Harun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWater electrolysis that results in green hydrogen is the key process towards a circular economy. The supply of sustainable electricity and availability of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts are the main bottlenecks of the process for large‐scale production of green hydrogen. A broad range of OER electrocatalysts have been explored to decrease the overpotential and boost the kinetics of this sluggish half‐reaction. Co‐, Ni‐, and Fe‐based catalysts have been considered to be potential candidates to replace noble metals due to their tunable 3d electron configuration and spin state, versatility in terms of crystal and electronic structures, as well as abundance in nature. This Review provides some basic principles of water electrolysis, key aspects of OER, and significant criteria for the development of the catalysts. It provides also some insights on recent advances of Co‐, Ni‐, and Fe‐based oxides and a brief perspective on green hydrogen production and the challenges of water electrolysis.
Efficient Asymmetric Biomimetic Aldol Reaction of Glycinates and Trifluoromethyl Ketones by Carbonyl Catalysis
Authors: Cheng Aolin , Zhang Liangliang , Zhou Qinghai , Liu Tao , Cao Jing , Zhao Guoqing , Zhang Kun , Song Guanshui , Zhao Baoguo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe direct asymmetric aldol reaction of glycinates represents an intriguing and straightforward strategy to make biologically significant chiral β‐hydroxy‐α‐amino‐acid derivatives. But it is not easy to realize the transformation due to the disruption of the reactive NH2 group of glycinates. Inspired by the enzymatic aldol reaction of glycine, we successfully developed an asymmetric aldol reaction of glycinate 5 and trifluoromethyl ketones 4 with 0.1–0.0033 mol % of chiral N‐methyl pyridoxal 7 a as the catalyst, producing chiral β‐trifluoromethyl‐β‐hydroxy‐α‐amino‐acid esters 6 in 55–82 % yields (for the syn‐diastereomers) with up to >20:1 dr and 99 % ee under very mild conditions. The reaction proceeds via a catalytic cycle similar to the enzymatic aldol reaction of glycine. Pyridoxal catalyst 7 a activates both reactants at the same time and brings them together in a specific spatial orientation, accounting for the high efficiency as well as excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities.
Engineering Platinum–Cobalt Nano‐alloys in Porous Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Zhang Song Lin , Lu Xue Feng , Wu Zhi‐Peng , Luan Deyan , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHighly efficient electrocatalysts are essential for the production of green hydrogen from water electrolysis. Herein, a metal‐organic framework‐assisted pyrolysis‐replacement‐reorganization approach is developed to obtain ultrafine Pt‐Co alloy nanoparticles (sub‐10 nm) attached on the inner and outer shells of porous nitrogen‐doped carbon nanotubes (NCNT) with closed ends. During the thermal reorganization, the migration of Pt‐Co nano‐alloys to both surfaces ensures the maximized exposure of active sites while maintaining the robust attachment to the porous carbon matrix. Density functional theory calculations suggest a nearly thermodynamically‐neutral free energy of adsorption for hydrogen intermediates and diversified active sites induced by alloying, thus resulting in a great promotion in intrinsic activity towards the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Benefiting from the delicate structural design and compositional modulation, the optimized Pt3Co@NCNT electrocatalyst manifests outstanding HER activity and superior stability in both acidic and alkaline media.
Synergistic Lysozyme‐Photodynamic Therapy Against Resistant Bacteria based on an Intelligent Upconversion Nanoplatform
Authors: Li Zhuo , Lu Shan , Liu Wenzhen , Dai Tao , Ke Jianxi , Li Xingjun , Li Renfu , Zhang Yuxiang , Chen Zhuo , Chen Xueyuan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe rapid emergence of drug‐resistant bacteria has raised a great social concern together with the impetus for exploring advanced antibacterial ways. NIR‐triggered antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) by lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) as energy donor exhibits the advantages of high tissue penetration, broad antibacterial spectrum and less acquired resistance, but is still limited by its low efficacy. Now we designed a bio‐inorganic nanohybrid and combined lysozyme (LYZ) with UCNP‐PDT system to enhance the efficiency against resistant bacteria. Benefiting from the rapid adhesion to bacteria, intelligently bacteria‐responsive LYZ release and synergistic LYZ‐PDT effect, the nanoplatform achieves an exceptionally strong bactericidal capacity and conspicuous bacteriostasis on methicillin‐resistant S. aureus. These findings pave the way for designing efficiently antibacterial nanomaterials and provide a new strategy for combating deep‐tissue bacterial infection.