bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Language dominance and shift among Kalhuri Kurdish speakers in the multilingual context of Iran
Authors: Weisi Hiwa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe current language policy and planning of many countries still adhere to the nation-state ideology of “one nation equals one official language”. This issue is likely to cause the linguistic minority groups to devalue or even abandon their own mother tongue and identify with the official language of the country. A case in point is Iran where Persian is the only official language and other languages are merely tolerated, but not promoted. The principal aim of this study is to find factors that lead Kalhuri Kurdish people to choose to speak with their children in Persian at the risk of losing their native language, a phenomenon which may happen as a result of linguistic/language suicide or because of linguicide. Therefore, a researcher-designed and validated questionnaire was administered to 384 Kalhuri Kurdish parents. The results indicated that the language policy and planning in Iran has made Kalhuri parents use Persian in interactions with their children instead of using their own vernacular, Kalhuri. The sociolinguistic implications of the study are discussed in the light of the research findings.
Chemical exfoliation and microwave absorption of reduced graphene oxide synthesized from old coconut shells
Authors: Kurniawan Affandi Faisal , Nadiyyah Khoirotun , Anwar Mohammad Syaiful , Andika Ajiesastra R. , Mashuri  , Triwikantoro  , Darminto  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, chemical exfoliation with the addition of hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution of old coconut shell reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was carried out. The purpose of this study was to confirm the formation of the rGO phase and to investigate the effect of heating temperature variations and chemical exfoliation processes with the addition of HCl solution on the reflection loss value of old coconut shell rGO. The heating temperature variation is at 400°C and 700°C. Three variations of 1: 1, 1: 5, and 1:10 mole ratios are used in the mixing process of HCl with rGO. Based on the results of XRD testing, the old coconut shell charcoal has formed an rGO phase. Furthermore, VNA testing shows that the biggest reflection loss value is -8.42 dB at a frequency of 10.52 GHz achieved by the sample with the lowest electrical conductivity.
Investigation of the Magnetic and Electronic Properties of Pyrrolic N-doped Graphene Using Density Functional Theory
Authors: Yutomo E B , Noor F A , Winata T 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Modifying the bandgap and magnetic properties of graphene is one of the keys to realizing graphene-based nanodevices. Here, we investigate the effect of nitrogen concentration in the pyrrolic bond configuration on the magnetic properties of graphene using the spin-polarized Density Functional Theory (DFT) method. For a better understanding, we also calculated the electronic and structural properties of the pyrrolic N-doped graphene. This study used three models, i.e., pristine graphene and pyrrolic N-doped graphene with two nitrogen concentrations (N
x
G1

−

x
, x=2.000% and 3.125%). We observed that the higher the dopant concentration, the more the deformation of the planar structure in pyrrolic N-doped graphene. This is indicated by the more wrinkled structure that forms. Semi-metal to metal transitions were also observed in both models of pyrrolic N-doped graphene. Asymmetry behavior in the spin-polarized density of states (SPDOS) was also observed in both pyrrolic N-doped graphene models. The total magnetic moment increases with increasing dopant concentration. At a concentration of 2.000%, the resulting total magnetic moment is 1.68 µB/cell, and at a concentration of 3.125%, it is 1.74 µB/cell. We suggest that defects and nitrogen impurities play a crucial role in the transition of the magnetic properties of graphene. Our result shows that nitrogen-doped graphene with pyrrolic configuration is a promising candidate for nanomagnetic devices.
Temperature sintering dependence of crystalline structure in cobalt ferrite prepared by the sol-gel auto-combustion procedure
Authors: Rahardjo D T , Budiawanti S , Suharno  , Iriani Y , Supriyanto A , Purnama B 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Through the addition of nitric acid and citric acid as burners, cobalt ferrite particles have been successfully prepared by the sol-gel automatic combustion method. After drying process at a temperature of 150°C for 1 hour and then followed sintering procedure with a temperature of 500°C, 600°C, and 700°C for 2 hours, samples evaluated the metal-oxide-bond appearance by using far transform infra-red (FTIR) as well as the crystalline structure by using x-ray diffractometer. Typical absorption of FTIR curves around wavenumber (k) of 400 cm−1 and 577 cm−1 indicate the occurrence of the cobalt ferrite. Furthermore, the Rietveld analysis of XRD results showed that the diffraction pattern of cobalt ferrite powder was face-centered-cubic (fcc) structure with Fd-3m space group. The modification of the sintering-temperatures has clarified the change in lattice parameters, atomic positions, and crystallite size for the nanoparticle cobalt ferrite samples.
An Analysis of Hybrid Energy Design for Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA)
Authors: Irawan Elysa Nensy , Saputro Bekti Ponco , Dharma Ikki Adji , Warjono  , Putra Maulana , Muntini Melania Suweni 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The potential for solar and wind energy at YIA Airport is quite large so that it can be used as a renewable alternative energy source. Based on data obtained from BMKG of YIA, the average sun intensity at YIA Airport is 6.21 kWh/m2 while the average wind speed is 3.07 m/s. This potential can be used as solar and wind hybrid energy to meet some of the electricity demand at YIA Airport using photovoltaic modules and wind turbines. Design of the wind turbine refers to research conducted by Mihai Lates and Radu Velicu (2014), which implements a basic savonius type wind turbine with an aspect ratio (α) 2, diameter (D) 3.50 m, number of blades (n) 2. Solar array design uses an off-grid system, then will be hybridized with the wind turbine. Based on the calculation result shows that the required area of the solar array is 2282.87 m2 to produce 2574 kWh/day, while the number of turbines proposed is 143 units to produce 136.90 kWh/day. With this design and based on the calculation, electrical energy will be generated for 13.55% (2710.90 kWh/day) of the total electricity demand at YIA Airport.
Development of Low-Cost Thermal Camera for Examine Human Body Temperature
Authors: Purnama S I , Hikmah I , Afandi M A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Thermogun is non-contact thermometer to examine people whom body temperature above 37°C that is used to screening human body temperature while entering public areas such as schools, offices, and supermarkets. Thermo gun is widely used yet not effective because it measuring single point around body or face which cannot represent whole body. Thus, the development of thermal camera is important. This research focusing on development of low-cost and low-resolution thermal camera to replace thermo gun. Thermal camera measure 36°C, 37°C, 38°C object temperature and gives accuracy respectively 99.38%, 99.39% 99.41%. Therma camera not only give high accuracy but also high precision. The precision for same temperature respectively 35.01 ± 0.63 when measure 36°C object temperature, 36.55 ± 0.26 when measure 37°C object temperature, and 37.27 ± 0.49 when measure 38°C object temperature. This result is satisfied and good enough to examine human body temperature.
A Review of Membrane-Facilitated Liquid-Solid Conversion: Adding Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Multi-Applicability for Metal Analysis
Authors: Iqhrammullah M , Abdulmadjid S N , Suyanto H , Rahmi  , Marlina  , Kemala P 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Water splashing and evaporation are challenging aspects in Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) analysis when it comes to aqueous analyte. By converting the liquid sample into solid, among many other methods, one can improve the analytical performance of LIBS. Membrane is a type of material which can be used to facilitate liquid-solid conversion through various procedures; drop-wising, adsorption, filtration, and phase inversion. In a spotlight, ion exchange membrane allows LIBS technique to analyze the specific heavy metal ion species. This review article reports on advancement of membrane-facilitated liquid-solid conversion to enhance LIBS quantitative analysis of aqueous metals. Such method had been reported to generate low limit of detections (LODs), even up to sub µg/kg. The accuracy and precision produced by the reported methods were not significantly different to that obtained from conventional analytical techniques, such as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). In conclusion, the use of membrane to convert the analyte can add the application of LIBS for multiple purposes with a satisfying analytical performance.
Application of Moving Average (MA) and Upward Continuation Methods to Bouguer Gravity Anomaly Data for Fault Analysis of the Earthquake Risk Area of Timor and Flores Islands
Authors: Minarto Eko , Azhari Naila Yuni 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
An interpretation of the subsurface structure of the island of Timor and Flores has been carried out based on an analysis of gravity data. The island of Timor and Flores, which is passed by the Ring of Fire, is one of the areas that have a high seismic level. This is due to subduction zones and fault activity. Therefore, this study aims to qualitatively and semi-quantitatively analyze the existence of faults and their types by utilizing secondary data from free-air gravity anomalies. This data is processed into Complete Bouguer Anomaly (CBA) data by determining the average density of the surface using the Nettleton method. The separation of regional and residual anomalies using the upward continuation method to a height of 700 meters and the moving average method. The results of this residual anomaly are then used as input for fault analysis using the correlation profile of the First Horizontal Derivative (FHD) and Second Vertical Derivative (SVD) methods using the Elkins filter. For modelling using the Forward Modelling method on Grav2DC. Based on calculations using the Nettleton method, the average density of the surface is 1.23 gr/cm3. A fault is indicated when the FHD curve is at its minimum or maximum peak and the SVD curve is at the zero lines or close to zero. In this study, 12 slices were suspected to be the position of the fault. The average FHD value at the maximum peak is 0.989 mGal/m, while the minimum peak is 0.00038 mGal/m. The type of fault of each slice is determined from the maximum and minimum SVD value. From the research results, normal faults are in the Ruteng area (from the northwest in Nggalak to the east on Mount Wuas), Ende (from the Wulangmang mountains to the northwest to the southeast), and Kupang, while the ascending fault is in the Ruteng area (from the west sea on Mount Wuas straight to the southeast towards Ruteng), Ende (from Bajawa to the east towards Nangapanda), and Atambua. The results of this interpretation are also strengthened by overlaying the suspected fault with the geological map of the study are a and showing the suitability of the fault position even though the fault location is not the same.
Preliminary study of magnetic susceptibility on fine sediment Bengawan Solo river
Authors: Legowo B , Darsono  , Bella YF , Purwanto H , Suryanto W , Purnama B 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Magnetic susceptibility of fine sediment Bengawan Solo river basin was presented. The appearance of magnetic susceptibility of fine sediment indicates the existence of a magnetic field source. Kappa meter type KT-6 is used for roughly mapping the magnetic source in fine sediment for a large enough area. Then, the actual fine sediment content is evaluated by using the x-ray fluorescence (XRF) and x-ray diffractometer (XRD). More than a hundred sampling points have measured susceptibility along with the mouth Bengawan Solo river at Bojonegoro Regency. The XRF and XRD result confirms that the largest content of the fine sediment as magnetite. Finally, the magnetic properties of the fine sediment are confirmed that the magnetic source is magnetite.
An analogy of Molecule Rate Distribution in Statistical Thermodynamics Concept as a Deployment Approach Function of Covid-19
Authors: Aminuddin J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Coronavirus infection which was first discovered in Wuhan City, China was transmitted very quickly to almost all countries in just a few months. This makes some countries implement policies to impose lockdowns to prevent the spread of the Coronavirus. A mathematic model for Covid-19 though stochastic transmission model has been proposed to estimate how transmission had varied over time during 2020. The previous mathematic modeling about Covid-19 almost exhibits exponential-shaped trends. Therefore, this study aims to formulate a deployment approach function of Covid-19 using the statistical thermodynamics concept. The spread function is developed from the distribution of velocity and rate of molecules by applying several molecular hypotheses. The formulation is done by making several analogies related to the social intervention, medical aspect, and weather conditions. Relating to relative humidity, it is not the main parameter, but it is used as a correction factor to temperature. The results in the exponential curves show that social intervention and medical aspects are more significant in preventing the Covid-19 transmission rather than the weather condition. The approximation which has been developed is expected to support the study about the cause, spread, and impact of the Covid-19 for both current status and future perspectives.
Estimating centennial-scale changes in global terrestrial near-surface wind speed based on CMIP6 GCMs
Authors: Shen Cheng , Zha Jinlin , Zhao Deming , Wu Jian , Fan Wenxuan , Yang Mengxi , Li Zhibo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A global terrestrial stilling in recent decades has been reported, but the centennial-scale changes in global terrestrial near-surface wind speed (NSWS) and the potential contributing factors are yet to be revealed. Consequently, in this study, centennial-scale changes in global terrestrial NSWS are investigated based on Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 datasets, and that the potential factors causing those changes are detected. The results show that the global annual mean NSWS increased from 1850 to 1967 (+0.0045 m s−1 decade−1, p< 0.01), with significant increases in North America, Europe, Africa, and South Asia. However, the NSWS decreased from 1968 to 2014 (−0.0044 m s−1 decade−1, p < 0.01), significantly so in the mid-to-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. The seasonal mean NSWS also increased before the 1960s and decreased thereafter. However, the NSWS over South America and most of Southern Africa increased during the study period. The changes in NSWS were caused mainly by changes in the number of strong windy days. The increase in NSWS from 1850 to 1967 could be attributed to internal variability, and the decrease in NSWS from 1968 to 2014 could be attributed to natural, aerosol, and greenhouse-gas forcings. However, internal variability acted mainly to increase the NSWS from 1968 to 2014, and so it is suggested that the contributions of external forcings to the global terrestrial stilling after the 1960s were considerable.
Status of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) handlines fisheries based on length of maturity
Authors: Hutubessy B G , Haruna  , Hipaploly L 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) is one of large pelagic potential and economical species from the family of Scombridae. Production of yellowfin tuna from several potential fisheries areas (WPP) in Maluku was reported in the condition of overfishing. Meanwhile, tuna fisheries have been the potential resource for export demand. It is therefore, the status of yellowfin tuna fisheries should be monitored regularly following the regulation of PERMEN KP no 4 year 2017. The aims of this study were to measure the size of maturity of yellowfin tuna during October to December 2018 and utilize the empirical relationship to estimate optimum length and maximum length reached during this period. Observation on yellowfin tuna was conducted by joining local fishers from Kawa village, West Seram Regency. Handlines were occupied to catch yellowfin tuna around Banda Sea. From the catch sizes ranged from was 34cm to 168cm, the length maturity (Lm) of yellowfin tuna is 107.2cm of total length for female and 112.9cm for male. From the empirical relationship, the optimum length (Lopt) of yellowfin tuna during October-December 2018 was 120.5cm and maximum length (Lmax) was 181.4cm. This study showed that 90% of yellowfin catch was immature which indicated a recruitment overfishing. Only 2.4% of mega-spawners were caught during this study and indicated growth overfishing. Indication of an overfishing of the yellowfin tuna fishery contradicted to larger size of first maturity found. This contrary is discussed and balance fishing strategy is proposed as the idea to maintain the population of yellowfin tuna.
Vulnerability analysis for demersal fisheries in the Banten Region (A case study of Karangantu Port)
Authors: Saptanto S , Boer M , Sulistiono  , Taryono  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Banten Bay is one of the demersal fishing locations which is widely used by the surrounding coastal communities. The purpose of this study is to analyze the vulnerability of demersal fisheries management in the Banten Bay area. The data used in this study were primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained from field observations, while secondary data were obtained through a desk study approach using references that supported the research. The research location was in Karangantu Port, Serang in October 2020. The vulnerability analysis approach was used to see the level of vulnerability of demersal fish utilization in Banten Bay. The results shown that the level of vulnerability in demersal fish can be divided into five dimensions, namely ecological, technology, social, economic, and institutional vulnerability. Social and institutional dimension has the high vulnerability value,0.74 and 0.72, respectively. While the lowest is in the technology dimension of 0.05. The ecological dimension has low vulnerability value, 0.39 and economic vulnerability values according to fisher’s perceptions are 0.45, which are included in the medium vulnerability category. The average results from all dimensions shown that demersal fisheries in Karangantu are classified as low vulnerability level.
Mangrove ecosystem related to fisheries productivity in the coastal area of Karawang Regency, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nugraha Y A , Sulistiono  , Susanto H A , Simanjuntak C PH , Wildan D M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The mangrove area in the coastal area of Karawang Regency has become an area that is ecologically pressured by the surrounding area, which greatly affects its sustainability. Coastal community awareness is very important to preserve the mangrove areas. This study was conducted from October 2016 to March 2017. At nine coastal districts of Karawang Regency, it aims to analyze fisheries’ productivity associated within mangroves ecosystem based on mangrove data produced in 1995, 2005 and 2015. Correlation analysis between the production of some fishery commodities and mangrove area was conducted using SPSS 17. The results showed that the correlation between the mangrove ecosystem and the capture fisheries production was 0.7257. It can be concluded that there was a relationship between the mangrove ecosystem and the total fisheries production in Karawang Regency. The condition was expressed by the production of speckled shrimp, white shrimp, mullet and crab.
Sasi laut as a non penal effort treatment of illegal fishing for sustainable utilization of fishery resources
Authors: Lewerissa Y A , Ashri M , Muhadar  , Asis A 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSasi Laut as a tradition of the people of Maluku Islands in the utilization of natural resources (fisheries) can be used as a non-penal (non-legal) effort to tackle illegal fishing. The purpose of this research is to analyze how sasi laut can be used as a non-penal effort by the community in tackling illegal fishing. The research method used is normative legal research equipped with a socio-legal approach. The approach used in this research is a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The data sources needed in this study are primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Furthermore, the data will be analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that, sea sasi as local wisdom of the Maluku Islands community in the use of natural resources, especially fisheries resources. Sasi laut contains prohibitions on fishing for certain types of fish, prohibitions on using certain fishing gear and prohibitions on damaging other marine biota and marine ecosystems, so that it can be used as a non-penal effort (not using criminal law) in tackling illegal fishing crimes, so that the quality and quantity of fish species remains sustain and can be enjoyed by the next generation.
The effect of bulbs size and induction techniques of tuberose (Polianthes tuberose L.) on its sprouting rate, simultaneity, and bulbs number
Authors: Sugiartini E , Palupi E R , Widajati E 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Increasing flower production of Polianthes is hindered by limited supply of bulb. After ripening, a newly harvested bulb exhibits a phenomenon in which new bulbs do not readily sprout. Farmers usually air or sun-dry the bulbs before curing them for 1-3 months above the kitchen stove to induce sprouting. Therefore, it is necessary to accelerate sprouting. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of bulb size and induction techniques on the sprouting rate, sprouting simultaneity, and buds number of Tuberose bulbs. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University. A completely randomized design with two factors was used, namely, bulbs size and induction techniques. The bulbs were grouped into three sizes; small (0.5 < Ø < 1.5 cm), medium (1.5 < Ø < 2.5 cm) and large (Ø > 2.5 cm) sizes and subjected to air-dry and fumigation for six days. Each treatment was replicated four times with 20 bulbs for each experimental unit. The result showed that larger bulb produced higher number of side-bud, so did fumigation as opposed air-drying. The large bulb produced higher percentage of sprouting bulb than medium and small bulb The larger the bulb, the earlier they sprout.