bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional CeOx nanoglues for efficient and robust atomically dispersed catalysts
Authors: Liu Jingyue , Li Xu , Hernandez Xavier Isidro Pereira , Fang Chia-Yu , Chen Yizhen , Zeng Jie , Wang Yong , Gates Bruce 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) exhibit unique catalytic property and maximum atom efficiency of rare, expensive metals. A critical barrier to applications of SACs is sintering of active metal atoms under operating conditions. Anchoring metal atoms onto oxide supports via strong metal-support bonds may alleviate sintering. Such an approach, however, usually comes at a cost: stabilization results from passivation of metal sites by excessive oxygen ligation—too many open coordination sites taken up by the support, too few left for catalytic action. Furthermore, when such stabilized metal atoms are activated by reduction at elevated temperatures they become unlinked and so move and sinter, leading to loss of catalytic function. We report a new strategy, confining atomically dispersed metal atoms onto functional oxide nanoclusters (denoted as nanoglues) that are isolated and immobilized on a robust, high-surface-area support—so that metal atoms do not sinter under conditions of catalyst activation and/or operation. High-number-density, ultra-small and defective CeOx nanoclusters were grafted onto high-surface-area SiO2 as nanoglues to host atomically dispersed Pt. The Pt atoms remained on the CeOx nanoglue islands under both O2 and H2 environment at high temperatures. Activation of CeOx supported Pt atoms increased the turnover frequency for CO oxidation by 150 times. The exceptional stability under reductive conditions is attributed to the much stronger affinity of Pt atoms for CeOx than for SiO2—the Pt atoms can move but they are confined to their respective nanoglue islands, preventing formation of larger Pt particles. The strategy of using functional nanoglues to confine atomically dispersed metal atoms and simultaneously enhance catalytic performance of localized metal atoms is general and takes SACs one major step closer to practical applications as robust catalysts for a wide range of catalytic transformations
Molecular Mechanism of Staphylococcus Xylosus Resistance Against Tylosin and Florfenicol
Authors: liu Xin , li Shu , Cui Wenqiang , Zhou Yonghui , Chen Mo , Qu Qianwei , Che Ruixiang , Li Lu , Vogel Horst , Yuan Shuguang , Li Yanhua 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As a result of evolution, certain microbes develop resistance against antimicrobial treatment. The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens the effective prevention and treatment of an ever-increasing range of severe infections caused by microbes such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and other parasites. The resistance of Staphylococcus xylosus (S. xylosus) against antibiotic treatment is one of the major causes of the world-wide antibiotic crisis and has remained to be well understood at the molecular level. In order to fill this gap, we investigated various mutations in the sequence of ribosomal proteins involved cross resistance. We discovered that for the mutant containing the insertion L22 97KRTSAIN98 the minimum inhibitory concentration against both tylosin and florfenicol changed dramatically. To understand this effect on a molecular basis and to further elucidate the role of cross resistance, we computationally constructed the 3D model of the large ribosomal subunit from S. xylosus as well as its complexes with both tylosin and florfenicol. Using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we found that unique structural changes in the β hairpin of L22 played a central role of this variant in the development of antibiotic resistance in S. xylosus. In addition, the regulation of protein network also played an essential role in the development of cross resistance in S. xylosus. Our work provides insightful views into the mechanism of S. xylosus resistance which could be useful for the development of the next generation of antibiotics.
Development of A LC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneously Determining Nucleosides and Methy-Nucleosides in Mice Liver mRNA of Epimedin C-Induced Liver Injury Model​
Authors: Song Zhizhen , Li Zeyun , Wen Xueqian , Liu Ruijuan , Tian Xin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Epimedium, the crude drug used in clinical, has been proved to have the potential to cause liver damage in patients. As one of the main active ingredient of Epimedium, Epimedin C is reported to have the potential hepatotoxicity. However, the mechanism of Epimedin C-induced mice liver injury has not been studied. mRNA methylation is implicated in the regulation of many biological processes and diseases. The study of mRNA methylation in Epimedin C-induced liver injury may contribute to clarify the liver toxicity mechanism of Epimedin C. Therefore, an analysis method needs to be established to determine liver mRNA nucleoside and methy-nucleoside levels in epigenetic studies.
Methods

The Epimedin C groups were intragastrically administered single doses of 10 and 40 mg/kg body weight of Epimedin C for four weeks, and the normal control group were given the same volume of saline. The results of hematoxylin and eosin staining of the liver and serum aminotransferase levels were used to evaluate liver injury. The nucleoside samples of the mice liver mRNA were prepared and separated on an UPLC column using 0.1% formic acid water and methanol after enzymatic digestion. Then the sample was detected by a Qtrap 6500 mass spectrometer.
Results

In this study, a selective, rapid and sensitive method was established using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of six nucleosides (adenosine, uridine, cytidine, guanosine, N6-methyladenosine and N5-methylcytidine) in mRNA. In this method, linear concentrations of adenosine, cytidine, N6-methyladenosine and N5-methylcytidine were 40-20000 pg/mL, guanosine was 0.2–100 ng/mL, and uridine was 2-1000 ng/mL. N6-methyladenosine and N5-methylcytidine modification levels of the mice liver mRNA increased after Epimedin C treatment. Epimedin C led to the elevation of serum aminotransferase levels, and increased the inflammatory cell infiltration and vacuolar degeneration in liver, indicated the liver injury in mice.
Conclusion

This method was successfully applied to the detection of six liver mRNA nucleosides levels in Epimedin C-induced liver injury with good precision and accuracy. The results indicated that mRNA methylation might be associated with Epimedin C-induced liver injury. This study offers a method for the research on the mechanism of Epimedin C-induced liver injury, and will facilitate the research on the hepatotoxicity of herbal medicine in epigenetic studies.
The T Allele of TCF7L2 Rs7903146 Predicts Increased Blood Glucose After Seven Days of Bed Rest in Nondiabetic Older Adults in a Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fry Jean L. , Thompson Katherine L. , Fry Christopher S. , Paddon-Jones Douglas , Arentson-Lantz Emily J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Inpatient populations are at increased risk of hyperglycemia due to factors such as medications, physical inactivity and underlying illness, which increases morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, clinicians have limited tools available to prospectively identify those at greatest risk. We evaluated the ability of 10 common genetic variants associated with development of type 2 diabetes to predict impaired glucose metabolism. Our research model is a simulated hospital stay (7 day bed rest protocol, standardized diet, and physical inactivity) and included a cohort of healthy older adults (n = 31, 65 ± 8 years) with baseline fasting blood glucose < 100 mg/dL. Participants completed a standard 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at baseline and post-bed rest. In multiple regression modeling, the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) rs7903146 T allele predicted elevated 2-hour OGTT blood glucose (p = 0.03925). We show that the TCF7L2 rs7903146 T allele confers risk for elevated 2-hour OGTT blood glucose in nondiabetic older adults following 7 days of bed rest.
Orthostatic Hypotension Following Posterior Spinal Fusion Surgeries for Spinal Deformity Correction in Adolescents: Prevalence and Risk Factors
Authors: Yang Ying , Chen Yaping , Tong Bingdu , Tian Xue , Yu Chunjie , Su Zhe , Zhang Jianguo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Study Design: Retrospective case series.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for orthostatic hypotension (OH) in adolescents undergoing posterior spinal fusion for spinal deformity correction.Methods: The data of 312 consecutive adolescents who underwent posterior spinal fusion for spinal deformity correction in our center over 12 months were retrieved. Patient characteristics, including whether laminectomy or osteotomy was performed during the surgery, the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), perioperative hemoglobin albumin changes, perioperative blood transfusion, length of bed rest, willingness to ambulate, length of postoperative exercises of the lower limbs, and length of hospital stay, were collected and compared statistically between patients who did and did not develop postoperative OH.Results: Of 312 patients, 225 (72.1%) developed OH postoperatively, and all cases completely resolved 5 days after the first out-of-bed exercises. Significant differences in BMI, the incidence of PONV, the willingness to ambulate and the length of postoperative exercises of the lower limbs were observed. The mean length of hospital stay of the patients with OH was longer than that of the patients without OH.Conclusion: Our study suggests that temporary OH is a common manifestation following posterior spinal fusion for spinal deformity correction in adolescents. Postoperative OH may increase the length of hospital stay in these patients. Patients with PONV, who are not willing to ambulate and who perform postoperative lower limb exercises for a shorter time are more likely to have OH.
Outcomes Frequently Specified in Cochrane Reviews of Community-based Psychosocial Interventions for Adults with Severe Mental Illness: A Systematic Search and Narrative Synthesis
Authors: Igarashi Momoka , Yamaguchi Sosei , Kawaguchi Takayuki , Ogawa Makoto , Sato Sayaka , Fujii Chiyo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Outcome selection in intervention studies is a critical issue for synthesising evidence. This study is aimed to investigate outcomes used in Cochrane reviews assessing community-based psychosocial interventions for adults with severe mental illness.Methods: Cochrane reviews that evaluated a community-based psychosocial intervention for adults with severe mental illness were searched electronically and manually. We extracted all outcomes specified in the Methods section in each Cochrane review. Outcomes that represent the same concept and context were synthesised into an outcome term. Outcome terms were categorised according to the existing taxonomy.Results: We included 31 Cochrane reviews. Of the 214 outcome terms identified, 13 were used in more than half of the reviews: quality of life, mental state, economic outcome, admission to hospital, leaving the study early, social functioning, satisfaction, global state, relapse, adverse events/effects, carer satisfaction, employment, duration of admission. Most outcome terms were categorised into the life impact core area (57%), followed by the resource use area (21%).Conclusions: Our study provides a candidate outcome list for developing a core outcome set for severe mental illness and offers a basis for comparison for future outcome investigation on mental health research.
Patient Reported Urinary Incontinence and Sexual Impotency Following Multimodality Radical Therapy for Prostate Cancer: An Untold Story of Compound Toxicity?
Authors: Haisraely Ori , Lawrence Yaacov Richard , Lewin Ron , Kaidar-Person Orit , Weiss Ilana , Zimlichman Eyal , Berger Raanan , Symon Zvi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate urinary continence and sexual potency following radical prostatectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy. Materials/Methods: Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) surveys of patients with localized prostate cancer treated with surgery followed by adjuvant/salvage pelvic radiotherapy (S+RT) were analyzed. A control cohort was primary radiotherapy (RT). Results: Surveys at least 1 year after treatment were available for 130 S+RT and 374 RT patients. For S+RT vs. RT, the mean urinary incontinence score was 68 [6.25 -100] versus 86.4 [CI-95 39.5-100] (p<0.001), confirming 6.5 points of clinically significant difference. The adjusted odds ratio for superior urinary function was 2.67 (1.7-4.1, p<0.001) for primary radiotherapy. The odds ratio of having both poor urinary and sexual performance was 0.29 in RT arm (0.14-0.58, p<0.001) when adjusted to age and ADT use, group risk stratification, co morbidities and smoking status. Conclusion: In this cross sectional study, Surgery with adjuvant/salvage RT was associated with significantly worse patient reported urinary continence outcomes at 1-year post treatment, lower odds of achieving perfect urinary continence and a threefold risk of reverse ‘bifecta’ with inferior urinary continence and sexual performance. Longitudinal studies of evolving toxicity are required to validate these findings.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression and Prognostic Value for Snrp Members in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Guo Ziwei , Liang Jun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Heterogeneity and epigenetic modifications result in a difference in management and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). The family of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptides (SNRPs) plays a vital role in tumorigenesis and development. However, the expression and prognosis of these members have been poorly clear. Here, we discussed the expression levels and prognosis of SNRPs. Methods ONCOMINE, UALCAN, GEPIA, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, STRING, and Metascape databases were used in this study.Results These results showed that the mRNA level of each member (B, D1, D2, D3, E, F, G) was significantly upregulated compared to normal tissues and was a higher expression in clinical stages of advanced cancer patients, relatively. Survival analysis were considered statistically significant, that is, high mRNA expression of SNRPD1 was associated with worse overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), progress-free survival (PFS) . And high levels of SNRPB or SNRPE predicted worse DFS or OS, respectively.Conclusion Collectively, our data revealed that SNRP members’ function as an oncogene served as a potential indicator of HCC.
Preoperative C-reactive Protein-to-albumin Ratio Predicts Anastomotic Leakage After Esophagectomy for Thoracic Esophageal Cancer: a Single-center Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sugimoto Atsushi , Toyokawa Takahiro , Miki Yuichiro , Yoshii Mami , Tamura Tatsuro , Sakurai Katsunobu , Kubo Naoshi , Tanaka Hiroaki , Lee Shigeru , Muguruma Kazuya , Yashiro Masakazu , Ohira Masaichi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Postoperative anastomotic leakage (AL) is associated with not only prolonged hospital stay and increased medical costs, but also poor prognosis in esophageal cancer. Several studies have addressed the utility of various inflammation-based and/or nutritional markers as predictors for postoperative complications. However, none have been documented as specific predictors for AL in esophageal cancer. We aimed to identify predictors of AL after esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal cancer, focusing on preoperative inflammation-based and/or nutritional markers. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 295 patients who underwent radical esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma between June 2007 and July 2020. As inflammation-based and/or nutritional markers, Onodera prognostic nutritional index, C-reactive protein (CRP)-to-albumin ratio (CAR) and modified Glasgow prognostic score were investigated. Optimal cut-off values of inflammation-based and/or nutritional markers for AL were determined by receiver operating characteristic curves. Predictors for AL were analyzed by logistic regression modeling. Results: AL was observed in 34 patients (11.5%). In univariate analyses, preoperative body mass index (≥22.1 kg/m2), serum albumin level (≤3.8 g/dL), serum CRP level (≥0.06 mg/dL), CAR (≥0.0139), operation time (>565 min) and blood loss (≥480 ml) were identified as predictors of AL. Multivariate analyses revealed higher preoperative CAR (≥0.0139) as an independent predictor of AL (p = 0.048, odds ratio = 3.02, 95% confidence interval 1.01–9.06).Conclusion: Preoperative CAR may provide a useful predictor of AL after esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Hue and Cry for Fritillaria Cirrhosa D.Don, A Threatened Medicinal Plant in the Western Himalaya
Authors: Mathela Manisha , Sharma Monika , Kumar Amit , Goraya Gurinderjit Singh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The unique Himalayan ecosystems have given rise to highly adapted organisms and are repositories to the wild populations of diverse flora and fauna. The high value medicinal and aromatic plant species are an example of the same. Since time immemorial, these plants have been traditionally used by the local inhabitants and have eventually developed a high market value all over the world. Increasing market demand engenders over-extraction of species, unsustainable collection further catalyses decline in wild populations. The current communication raises high conservation concern on the rapid population decline of Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don in the Western Himalaya. Harvested and traded with a new trade name i.e., ‘Jangli lehsun’ probably to disguise common Allium species, the species is facing tremendous decline in wild populations due to its illegal harvesting and trade in Himachal Pradesh. Further, Fritillaria cirrhosa faces threat due to unorganized, over-extraction or unsustainable and premature harvesting of the bulbs, coupled with illegal and hidden markets functioning parallelly. To ensure the long-term conservation of Fritillaria cirrhosa, prioritised conservation strategies such as strengthening of the Biodiversity Management Committees, in-situ conservation through identification of medicinal plant conservation areas, capacity building through awareness programs for the key stakeholders and sustainable harvesting would be the practical solution.
Transcriptome-wide Landscape of RNA Modification N6-Methyladenosine in Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Zhigang , Yang Junbo , Zhang Wei , Qian Yang , Zhang Nan , Chen Zixin , Lu Min , Ge Liyuan , Liu Cheng , Jia guifang , Ma Lulin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

As the most abundant internal mRNA modification, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is associated with various cancers. However, RNA modification m6A has not been studied in chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC). The present study aimed to comprehensively analyze the global m6A modification pattern in chRCC.
Methods

Three subjects with chRCC were enrolled in our study. Transcriptome-wide m6A methylone and transcriptome analysis in chRCC and tumor-adjacent normal tissues were detected via m6A-SEAL-seq and RNA-sEq. m6A-modified mRNAs were further validated by m6A-immunoprecipition followed by quantitative real-time PCR (m6A-IP-qPCR). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used to determine the candidate gene.
Results

We performed qPCR in six subjects of chRCC and found that the expression levels of m6A writer subunit WTAP, m6A erasers FTO and ALKBH5, and m6A reader YTHDF2 were significantly downregulated in chRCC tissues compared with corresponding tumor-adjacent normal tissues. In all three subjects, 12,841 confident m6A peaks representing 10,102 transcripts and 15,024 confident m6A peaks representing 11,396 transcripts were respectively identified in chRCC and tumor-adjacent normal tissues. Analysis of differential m6A levels identified 644 hypermethylated m6A peaks and 1,304 hypomethylated m6A peaks in chRCC compared with tumor-adjacent normal tissues. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that genes with hypomethylated m6A peaks (1,137) were associated with pathways in cancer. Compared with tumor-adjacent normal tissues, 3,911 genes were significantly dysregulated in chRCC, including 2,344 downregulated and 1,567 upregulated mRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the dysregulated genes in chRCC were significantly enriched in multiple metabolic processes. We identified two hypomethylated genes NOTCH1 and FGFR1, which might respectively act as a tumor suppressor and an oncogene in chRCC. Three m6A-dependent signatures were identified using Cox regression screen and LASSO regression. Based on the significant prognostic signatures, we build a m6A-dependent prognostic model, with the Concordance index (C-index) = 0.96. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and log-rank between the high-risk and low-risk group showed significant difference.
Conclusions

This study presented the first m6A transcriptome-wide profile of human chRCC, which may provide clues for the m6A methylation-based research on chRCC epitranscriptomic etiology and pathogenesis.
Identification and Functional Characterization of the CVOMT and EOMT Genes Promoters from Ocimum Basilicum L
Authors: Khakdan Fatemeh , Shirazi Zahra , Ranjbar Mojtaba 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Methyl chavicol and methyl eugenol are important phenylpropanoid compounds previously purified from basil. These compounds are significantly enhanced by the water deficit stress-dependent mechanism. Here, for the first time, pObCVOMT and pObEOMT promoters were extracted by the genome walking method. They were then cloned into the upstream of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene to identify the pattern of GUS water deficit stress-specific expression. Histochemical GUS assays showed in transgenic tobacco lines bearing the GUS gene driven by pObCVOMT and pObEOMT promoters, GUS was strongly expressed under water deficit stress. qRT-PCR analysis of pObCVOMT and pObEOMT transgenic plants confirmed the histochemical assays, indicating that the GUS expression is also significantly induced and up-regulated by increasing density of water deficit stress. This indicates these promoters are able to drive inducible expression. The cis-acting elements analysis showed that the pObCVOMT and pObEOMT promoters contained dehydration or water deficit-related transcriptional control elements.
Expressions and Significances of CTSL, The Target of COVID‐19 on GBM
Authors: Dong Qiang , Li Qiao , Duan Lei , Wang Hongyu , Yan Yunji , Yin Hang , Niu Liang , Zhang He , Wang Bo , Yuan Guoqiang , Pan Yawen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
CTSL is one of the SARS-entry-associated CoV-2's proteases and plays a key role in the virus's entry into the cell and subsequent infection. We investigated the association between the expression level of CTSL and overall survival in TCGA and CGGA databases, in order to better understand the possible route and risks of new coronavirus infection for patients with GBM. Meanwhile, the relationship between CTSL and immune infiltration levels was analyzed by means of the TIMER database. The impact of CTSL inhibitors on GBM biological activity was tested. The findings revealed that GBM tissues had higher CTSL expression levels than that of normal brain tissues, which was associated with a significantly lower survival rate in GBM patients. Meanwhile, CTSL was very negatively correlated with purity, B cell and CD8+ T cell in GBM. CTSL inhibitor significantly reduced U251 cell growth and invasion in vitro and induced mitochondrial apoptosis. ﻿According to the findings of this study, CTSL acts as an independent prognostic factor and can be considered as promising therapeutic target for GBM.