bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of current or past physical activity level on functional capacities and body composition among elderly people: a cross-sectional analysis from the YMCA study
Authors: Buckinx Fanny , Peyrusqué Éva , Granet Jordan , Aubertin-Leheudre Mylène 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundPhysical activity (PA) is recognized as important predictor of healthy aging. However, the influence of the type of voluntary PA as well as age or sex in this relationship is unclear. Thus, we assess the association between current and past PA level and physical performances among voluntary active older adults.MethodsFunctional capacities (timed Up and Go, sit-to-stand, alternate step test, unipodal balance, grip strength, knee extension strength, estimated muscle power and VO2 max) as well as body composition (DXA: total and appendicular lean masses (LM; kg), fat mass (FM; %)) were measured. Current and last 5-years PA level (time spent on total, aerobic, resistance and body & mind activities) were assessed using an interview. Multiple regressions, adjusted on age, sex and BMI, were performed to assess the relationship between current or past PA level and physical performances. Sub-group analysis, according to the sex (men/women) or age (< 65 yrs. vs. ≥65 yrs) were performed.Results525 subjects (age:61.7 ± 8.1 yrs.; women:68.9%; BMI:26.4 ± 4.8 kg/m2) were enrolled in this study. After adjustment on confounding factors, total current PA level has positive impact on total FM (β = − 2.09,p = 0004) and balance (β = 0.10;p = 0.05). Moreover, current body & mind activities influence total LBM (β = − 0.22,p = 0.02) and balance (β = 0.17;p = 0.001) whereas resistance activities influence total LBM (β = 0.17;p = 0.05), FM (β = − 0.16;p = 0.04) and sit-to-stand capacities (β = − 0.10;p = 0.05). Globally, these results were more pronounced in women than in men and among people aged over 65 years. Past level of PA has low impact on functional capacities and body composition, regardless of sex. Among people < 65 years, there is no relationship between time spent on total PA and functional capacities or body composition. However, a significant correlation was found between past total PA and balance (r=` 0.19;p = 0.01), alternate-step test (r = 0.24;p = 0.02) and VO2max (r = 0.19;p = 0.02) in people aged over 65 years. More precisely, the past time spent on aerobic and resistance activities influence balance (r = 0.16;p = 0.03 andr = 0.15;p = 0.04, respectively) after 65 yrs. old.ConclusionEven if physical activity history has little influence on physical aging process, being active is associated with body composition and functional capacities, especially among women aged 65 years and over.
Introducing a New Quantitative Evaluation Method for Segregation of Normal Concrete
Authors: Han In-Deok , Han Dongyeop 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe aim of this research is to provide a quantitative method for evaluating concrete segregation. Because of various conditions of concrete materials, mix proportions, and delivery, concrete can be segregated. The acquisition inspection executed in construction field for supplied ready-mixed concrete is an important quality control process for concrete. Among the inspections conducted at the project site, segregation of concrete mixture should be evaluated before placing the concrete mixture, currently a qualitative inspection on concrete segregation was conducted. For a normal concrete mixture with slumping behavior, shear slump or collapse slump often occur as an indication of segregation. The suggested evaluation index of segregation for normal concrete (EISN) was induced from the shape of the concrete slumping: relation between the maximum distance of flow and the minimum distance of flow. To evaluate the feasibility of EISN, two different concrete mixture conditions were tested. The recommended EISN parameter of segregation is 1.09 using the three grades of concrete quality. This new quantitative method of evaluating segregation of the concrete mixture is expected to contribute to a more efficient quality control in concrete construction.
Antagonization of monoamine reuptake transporters by agmatine improves anxiolytic and locomotive behaviors commensurate with fluoxetine and methylphenidate
Authors: Rafi Hira , Rafiq Hamna , Farhan Muhammad 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Agmatine (AGM) is known for its protective effects including neuroprotection, nephroprotection, gastroprotection, cardioprotection, and glucoprotection. Studies have validated the neuroprotective role of AGM as antidepressant, anxiolytic, locomotive, and antipsychotic agent in psychopathologies. Fluoxetine (FLX) is the most extensively prescribed antidepressant while methylphenidate (MPD) is the most frequently prescribed psychoactive stimulant for ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) treatment worldwide. The mechanism of action of FLX and MPD involves reuptake inhibition of serotonin and dopamine and norepinephrine at presynaptic transporters. Present study was designed to determine the safety and efficacy of AGM administration along with conventional antidepressant and psychostimulative drugs. The study also aimed to establish underlying mechanism of action of AGM at monoamine reuptake transporters.

Results
AGM significantly ameliorated locomotion in activity box and open field while anxiolytic behaviors in light/dark transition box and EPM were also improved (p<0.01). The growth and appetite of animals were enhanced along with antidepressive behavior in FST (p<0.01). Moreover, co-administration of AGM with FLX or MPD improved rats’ behaviors as compared to single AGM administration.

Conclusion
Present study determined the significant anxiolytic, locomotor, and antidepressive effects of AGM compared with FLX and MPD. The study also showed improved behaviors of rats treated with combined doses of AGM with FLX or MPD along with food intake and body weights. This study has also proposed the potential mechanism of action of AGM at monoamine receptors that may lead to inhibition of monoamine reuptake transporters that may lead to increase in 5-HT, D, and NE concentrations at synaptic level.
Consensus on the Treatment and Follow-Up for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Report From the First Global Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference for Developing Countries (PCCCDC)
Authors: Maluf Fernando Cotait , Pereira Felipe Moraes Toledo , Silva Adriano Gonçalves , Dettino Aldo Lourenço Abbade , Cardoso Ana Paula Garcia , Sasse André Seeke , Soares Andrey , Kann Ariel Galapo , Herchenhorn Daniel , Jardim Denis Leonardo Fontes , Cortés Diego Emilio Lopera , Kater Fábio Roberto , Morbeck Igor A. Protzner , Reolon João Francisco Navarro , Rinck Jr José Augusto , Zarbá Juan Jose , Sade Juan Pablo , da Trindade Karine Martins , Costa Leonardo Atem G. A. , dos Santos Lucas V. , Maia Manuel Caitano , Siqueira Mariana Bruno , Gillessen Silke 
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE To present a summary of the recommendations for the treatment and follow-up for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) as acquired through a questionnaire administered to 99 physicians working in the field of prostate cancer in developing countries who attended the Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference for Developing Countries. METHODS A total of 106 questions out of more than 300 questions addressed the use of imaging in staging mCRPC, treatment recommendations across availability and response to prior drug treatments, appropriate drug treatments, and follow-up, and those same scenarios when limited resources needed to be considered. Responses were compiled and the percentages were presented by clinicians to support each response. Most questions had five to seven relevant options for response including abstain and/or unqualified to answer, or in the case of yes or no questions, the option to abstain was offered. RESULTS Most of the recommendations from this panel were in line with prior consensus, including the preference of a new antiandrogen for first-line therapy of mCRPC. Important aspects highlighted in the scenario of limited resources included the option of docetaxel as treatment preference as first-line treatment in several scenarios, docetaxel retreatment, consideration for reduced doses of abiraterone, and alternative schedules of an osteoclast-targeted therapy. CONCLUSION There was wide-ranging consensus in the treatment for men with mCRPC in both optimal and limited resource settings.
Consensus on Screening, Diagnosis, and Staging Tools for Prostate Cancer in Developing Countries: A Report From the First Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference for Developing Countries (PCCCDC)
Authors: Carneiro Arie , Racy Douglas , Bacchi Carlos Eduardo , Leite Katia Ramos Moreira , Filippi Renee Zon , Martins Igor Austin Fernandes , Salvajoli Joao Victor , Hanriot Rodrigo de Morais , Baroni Ronaldo Hueb , Sarkis Alvaro Sadek , Pompeo Antonio Carlos Lima , Benigno Bruno Santos , Guimarães Gustavo Cardoso , Aldousari Saad , Nardi Aguinaldo Cesar , Pompeo Alexandre Saad Feres Lima , Nowier Amr , Nardozza Jr Archimedes , Adamy Jr Ari , Freitas Jr Celso Heitor de , Chade Daher Cezar , Otero Danilo Armando Citarella , Neto Deusdedit Cortêz Vieira da Silva , Carvalhal Eduardo Franco , Korkes Fernando , Ferrigno Robson 
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE To generate and present the survey results on critical issues relevant to screening, diagnosis, and staging tools for prostate cancer (PCa) focused on developing countries. METHODS A total of 36 of 300 questions concern the main areas of interest of this paper: (1) screening, (2) diagnosis, and (3) staging for various risk levels of PCa in developing countries. A panel of 99 international multidisciplinary cancer experts voted on these questions to create recommendations for screening, diagnosing, and staging tools for PCa in areas of limited resources discussed in this manuscript. RESULTS The panel voted publicly but anonymously on the predefined questions. Each question was deemed consensus if 75% or more of the full panel had selected a particular answer. These answers are based on panelist opinion not a literature review or meta-analysis. For questions that refer to an area of limited resources, the recommendations consider cost-effectiveness and the possible therapies with easier and greater access. Each question had five to seven relevant answers including two nonanswers. The results were tabulated in real time. CONCLUSION The voting results and recommendations presented in this document can be used by physicians to support the screening, diagnosis, and staging of PCa in areas of limited resources. Individual clinical decision making should be supported by available data; however, as guidelines for screening, diagnosis, and staging of PCa in developing countries have not been developed, this document will serve as a point of reference when confronted with this disease.
Multiple Beliefs, Dominance and Dynamic Consistency
Authors: Ekholm Tommi , Baker Erin 
Published: April 2021

This paper investigates multiperiod decisions under multiple beliefs. We explore the dynamic consistency of both complete and incomplete orderings. We focus on a dominance concept that supports decision-making under multiple characterizations of uncertainty by ruling out strategies that are dominated across a set of beliefs. We uncover a distinction between two types of dynamic inconsistency, which we label fallacious and fallible inconsistency. Fallacious inconsistency occurs when an a priori optimal strategy is suboptimal in the second period, thus requiring the decision-maker to depart from the original strategy. Fallible inconsistency occurs when an a priori suboptimal second-period action ceases being suboptimal from the perspective of the second-period preferences. We introduce corresponding definitions of dynamic consistency and show that the two types of consistency are equivalent for complete orderings, but differ for incomplete orderings. Subjective expected utility is dynamically consistent and non-expected-utility decision rules, such as minmax, are not. We show that the dominance relation over beliefs falls between these two: it is immune to the more severe fallacious inconsistency, but not to the less problematic fallible inconsistency. We illustrate the method and concepts using a numerical example addressing a focal, real-world problem of risk and ambiguity regarding climate change. This paper was accepted by Ilia Tsetlin, decision analysis.
Incidence and preventability of adverse events in adult patients admitted to a Brazilian teaching hospital
Authors: Zanetti Ariane Cristina Barboza , Dias Bruna Moreno , Bernardes Andrea , Capucho Helaine Carneiro , Balsanelli Alexandre Pazetto , Moura André Almeida de , Soato Rodrigo , Gabriel Carmen Silvia 
Published: April 2021

Objective
To analyze the incidence and preventability of adverse events related to health care in adult patients admitted to a Brazilian teaching hospital.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study, in which the incidence and preventability of adverse events related to health care were based on a two-stage retrospective review of 368 medical records (nurses and pharmacist review of medical records, followed by physicians review of triggered medical records) of adult patients whose hospitalizations occurred during 2015 in a high-complexity public teaching hospital located in Brazil. Data were collected from February 2018 to February 2019.

Results
A total of 266 adverse events were observed in 124 patients. The incidence of adverse events related to health care was 33.7% (95% CI 0.29–0.39), and the incidence density was 4.97 adverse events per 100 patient-days. Adverse events were responsible for 701 additional days of hospitalization, and the estimated length of additional hospital stay attributable to them was, on average, 6.8 days per event. The most common types of events were related to general care (60; 22.6%), medications (50; 18.8%), nosocomial infection (35; 13.2%), any other type (11; 4.1%), and diagnoses (2; 0.8%). Regarding the severity of adverse events, it was found that 168 (63.2%) were mild, 55 (20.7%) were moderate, and 43 (16.2%) were severe. In addition, it was estimated that 155 (58.3%) events were preventable. The length of a patient’s hospital stay was identified as a risk factor for the occurrence of adverse events (RR 1.20; 95% CI 1.04–1.39).

Conclusions
Through knowledge of the incidence, nature, severity, preventability, and risk factors for the occurrence of adverse events, it is possible to create the opportunities to prioritize the implementation of strategies for mitigating specific events based on reliable data and concrete information.
Predictors of adverse outcomes using a multidimensional nursing assessment in an Italian community hospital
Authors: Gasperini Beatrice , Pelusi Gilda , Frascati Annamaria , Sarti Donatella , Dolcini Franco , Espinosa Emma , Prospero Emilia 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundThere is growing evidence about the role of nurses in patient outcomes in several healthcare settings. However, there is still a lack of evidence about the transitional care setting. We aimed to assess the association between patient characteristics identified in a multidimensional nursing assessment and outcomes of mortality and acute hospitalization during community hospital stay.MethodsA retrospective observational study was performed on patients consecutively admitted to a community hospital (CH) in Loreto (Ancona, Italy) between January 1st, 2018 and May 31st, 2019. The nursing assessment included sociodemographic characteristics, functional status, risk of falls (Conley Score) and pressure damage (Norton scale), nursing diagnoses, presence of pressure sores, feeding tubes, urinary catheters or vascular access devices and comorbidities. Two logistic regression models were developed to assess the association between patient characteristics identified in a multidimensional nursing assessment and outcomes of mortality and acute hospitalization during CH stay.ResultsWe analyzed data from 298 patients. The mean age was 83 ± 9.9 years; 60.4% (n = 180) were female. The overall mean length of stay was 42.8 ± 36 days (32 ± 32 days for patients who died and 33.9 ± 35 days for patients who had an acute hospitalization, respectively). An acute hospitalization was reported for 13.4% (n = 40) of patients and 21.8% (n = 65) died. An increased risk of death was related to female sex (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.10–4.62), higher Conley Score (OR 1.19; 95% CI 1.03–1.37) and having a vascular access device (OR 3.64, 95% CI 1.82–7.27). A higher Norton score was associated with a decreased risk of death (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.62–0.81). The risk for acute hospitalization was correlated with younger age (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.91–0.97), having a vascular access device (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.02–5.36), impaired walking (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.03–6.06) and it is inversely correlated with a higher Conley score (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.77–0.98).ConclusionUsing a multidimensional nursing assessment enables identification of risk of nearness of end of life and acute hospitalization to target care and treatment. The present study adds further knowledge on this topic and confirms the importance of nursing assessment to evaluate the risk of patients’ adverse outcome development.
Distribution of naturally -occurring NS5B resistance-associated substitutions in Egyptian patients with chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Ahmed Hala Rady , Waly Nancy G. F. M. , Abd El-Baky Rehab Mahmoud , Yahia Ramadan , Hetta Helal F. , Elsayed Amr M. , Ibrahem Reham Ali 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundNS5B polymerase inhibitors represent the cornerstone of the present treatment of Hepatitis C virus infection (HCV). Naturally occurring substitution mutations to NS5B inhibitors have been recorded. The current study intended to demonstrate possible natural direct acting antiviral (DAA)—mutations of the HCV NS5B region in HCV patients in Minia governorate, Egypt.MethodsSamples were collected from 27 treatment-naïve HCV patients and 8 non-responders. Out of 27 treatment-naïve patients, 17 NS5B sequences (amino acids 221–345) from treatment-naïve patients and one sample of non-responders were successfully amplified. Nucleotide sequences have been aligned, translated into amino acids, and compared to drug resistance mutations reported in the literature.ResultsNS5B amino acid sequence analysis ensures several novel NS5B mutations existence (more than 40 substitution mutations) that have not been previously documented to be correlated with a resistant phenotype. It was found that K304R (82.4%), E327D and P300T (76.5% each) substitutions were the most distributed in the tested samples, respectively. S282T, the major resistance mutation that induces high sofosbuvir-resistance level in addition to other reported mutations (L320F/C) and (C316Y/N) were not recognized. Q309R mutation is a ribavirin-associated resistance, which was recognized in one strain (5.9%) of genotype 1g sequences. Besides, one substitution mutation (E237G) was identified in the successfully amplified non-responder sample.ConclusionOur study showed various combinations of mutations in the analyzed NS5B genes which could enhance the possibility of therapy failure in patients administered regimens including multiple DAA.
Use of volatile agents for sedation in the intensive care unit: A national survey in France
Authors: Blondonnet Raiko , Quinson Audrey , Lambert Céline , Audard Jules , Godet Thomas , Zhai Ruoyang , Pereira Bruno , Futier Emmanuel , Bazin Jean-Etienne , Constantin Jean-Michel , Jabaudon Matthieu 
Published: April 2021

Background
Current intensive care unit (ICU) sedation guidelines recommend strategies using non-benzodiazepine sedatives. This survey was undertaken to explore inhaled ICU sedation practice in France.

Methods
In this national survey, medical directors of French adult ICUs were contacted by phone or email between July and August 2019. ICU medical directors were questioned about the characteristics of their department, their knowledge on inhaled sedation, and practical aspects of inhaled sedation use in their department.

Results
Among the 374 ICUs contacted, 187 provided responses (50%). Most ICU directors (73%) knew about the use of inhaled ICU sedation and 21% used inhaled sedation in their unit, mostly with the Anaesthetic Conserving Device (AnaConDa, Sedana Medical). Most respondents had used volatile agents for sedation for <5 years (63%) and in <20 patients per year (75%), with their main indications being: failure of intravenous sedation, severe asthma or bronchial obstruction, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Sevoflurane and isoflurane were mainly used (88% and 20%, respectively). The main reasons for not using inhaled ICU sedation were: “device not available” (40%), “lack of medical interest” (37%), “lack of familiarity or knowledge about the technique” (35%) and “elevated cost” (21%). Most respondents (80%) were overall satisfied with the use of inhaled sedation. Almost 75% stated that inhaled sedation was a seducing alternative to intravenous sedation.

Conclusion
This survey highlights the widespread knowledge about inhaled ICU sedation in France but shows its limited use to date. Differences in education and knowledge, as well as the recent and relatively scarce literature on the use of volatile agents in the ICU, might explain the diverse practices that were observed. The low rate of mild adverse effects, as perceived by respondents, and the users’ satisfaction, are promising for this potentially important tool for ICU sedation.
Management of Internal Derangement of Temporomandibular Joint Disc Displacement with Reduction Using Two Different Lines of Treatment
Authors: Helal Mohamed Ahmed , Agou Shoroog Hassan , Bayoumi Amr , Imam Ahmed , Hassan Ali Habiballah 
Published: April 2021

Objetive: This study was to compare the effectiveness of arthrocentesis versus the insertion of anterior repositioning splint (ARS) in improving the mandibular range of motion (MRM) for patients with the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDwR). Methods: 36 patients diagnosed as ADDwR were recruited and divided randomly into two groups. The first group (G1) was treated by arthrocentesis, and the second (G2) was treated using ARS. All patients were reexamined after six months. Results: Except that for protrusive movement, there were significant differences between the two groups for the percentage changes of the MRM as measured by the amount of pain free opening, unassisted opening, maximum assisted opening, right lateral and left lateral movements (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Within the context of the current study, the non-invasive, lower cost ARS, provided better results in improving the MRM when managing ADDwR cases.

Keywords
Arthrocentesis; Anterior repositioning splint; TMD; Internal derangement; Anterior disc displacement; Mandibular range of motion.