bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time efficiency and reliability of established computed tomographic obstruction scores in patients with acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Meyer Hans-Jonas , Bailis Nikolaos , Surov Alexey 
Published: December 2021

Objective
Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening disease with a high mortality. Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is used in clinical routine for diagnosis of PE. Many pulmonary obstruction scores were proposed to aid in stratifying clinical course of PE. The purpose of the present study was to compare common pulmonary obstruction scores in PE in regard of time efficiency and interreader agreement based upon a representative patient sample.

Methods
Overall, 50 patients with acute PE were included in this single center, retrospective analysis. Two readers scored the CT images blinded to each other and assessed the scores proposed by Mastora et al., Qanadli et al., Ghanima et al. and Kirchner et al. The required time was assessed of each reading for scoring.

Results
For reader 1, Mastora score took the longest time duration, followed by Kirchner score, Qanadli score and finally Ghanima score (every test, p<0.0001). The interreader variability was excellent for all scores with no significant differences between them. In the Spearman’s correlation analysis strong correlations were identified between the scores of Mastora, Qanadli and Kirchner, whereas Ghanima score was only moderately correlated with the other scores. There was a weak correlation between time duration and Mastora score (r = 0.35, p = 0.014). For the Ghanima score, a significant inverse correlation was found (r = -0.67, p<0.0001).

Conclusion
For the investigated obstruction scores, there are significant differences in regard of time consumption with no relevant differences in regard of interreader variability in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Mastora score requires the most time effort, whereas the score by Ghanima the least time.
Healthcare cost attributable to bronchiolitis: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Sander Beate , Finkelstein Yaron , Lu Hong , Nagamuthu Chenthila , Graves Erin , Ramsay Lauren C. , Kwong Jeffrey C. , Schuh Suzanne 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveTo determine 1-year attributable healthcare costs of bronchiolitis.MethodsUsing a population-based matched cohort and incidence-based cost analysis approach, we identified infants <12 months old diagnosed in an emergency department (ED) or hospitalized with bronchiolitis between April 1, 2003 and March 31, 2014. We propensity-score matched infants with and without bronchiolitis on sex, age, income quintile, rurality, co-morbidities, gestational weeks, small-for-gestational-age status and pre-index healthcare cost deciles. We calculated mean attributable 1-year costs using a generalized estimating equation model and stratified costs by age, sex, income quintile, rurality, co-morbidities and prematurity.ResultsWe identified 58,375 infants with bronchiolitis (mean age 154±95 days, 61.3% males, 4.2% with comorbidities). Total 1-year mean bronchiolitis-attributable costs were $4,313 per patient (95%CI: $4,148–4,477), with $2,847 (95%CI: $2,712–2,982) spent on hospitalizations, $610 (95%CI: $594–627) on physician services, $562 (95%CI: $556–567)] on ED visits, $259 (95%CI: $222–297) on other healthcare costs and $35 ($27–42) on drugs. Attributable bronchiolitis costs were $2,765 (95%CI: $2735–2,794) vs $111 (95%CI: $102–121) in the initial 10 days post index date, $4,695 (95%CI: $4,589–4,800) vs $910 (95%CI: $847–973) in the initial 180 days and $1,158 (95%CI: $1,104–1213) vs $639 (95%CI: $599–679) during days 181–360.Mean 1-year bronchiolitis costs were higher in infants <3 months old [$5,536 (95%CI: $5,216–5,856)], those with co-morbidities [$17,530 (95%CI: $14,683–20,377)] and with low birthweight [$5,509 (95%CI: $4,927–6,091)].ConclusionsCompared to no bronchiolitis, bronchiolitis incurs five-time and two-time higher healthcare costs within the initial and subsequent six-months, respectively. Most expenses occur in the initial 10 days and relate to hospitalization.
Walking on the bright side: Associations between affect, depression, and gait
Authors: Kumar Divya , Villarreal Dario J. , Meuret Alicia E. 
Published: December 2021

Background
Psychomotor change is a core symptom of depression and one of the criteria in diagnosing depressive disorders. Research suggests depressed individuals demonstrate deviations in gait, or walking, compared to non-depressed controls. However, studies are sparse, often limited to older adults and observational gait assessment. It is also unclear if gait changes are due to dysregulation of affect, a core feature of depression. The current study addressed this gap by investigating the relation between positive and negative affect, depressive symptom severity, and gait in young adults.

Methods
Using three-dimensional motion capture, gait parameters (velocity, stride length, and step time) were attained from 90 young adults during a task where they walked ten meters at their own pace overground in a laboratory for ten minutes. Self-report measures of mood and affect were collected.

Results
On average, the study population reported high negative and low positive affect. Contrary to our hypotheses, hierarchical regressions demonstrated no significant associations between gait parameters and affective or depressive symptoms (ps>.05).

Conclusions
Our findings do not support a relation between affective symptoms and gait parameters. The results may indicate age-dependent gait pathology or that other symptoms of depression may influence gait more strongly than affect. They may also reflect an observational bias of gait changes in depressed young adults, one that is unsupported by objective data. Replication is warranted to further examine whether affective symptomology is embodied via gait differences in young adults.
Analysis of anticholinergic adverse effects using two large databases: The US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database and the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database
Authors: Nagai Junko , Ishikawa Yoichi 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionAnticholinergic adverse effects (AEs) are a problem for elderly people. This study aimed to answer the following questions. First, is an analysis of anticholinergic AEs using spontaneous adverse drug event databases possible? Second, what is the main drug suspected of inducing anticholinergic AEs in the databases? Third, do database differences yield different results?MethodsWe used two databases: the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database (FAERS) and the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database (JADER) recorded from 2004 to 2020. We defined three types of anticholinergic AEs: central nervous system (CNS) AEs, peripheral nervous system (PNS) AEs, and a combination of these AEs. We counted the number of cases and evaluated the ratio of drug–anticholinergic AE pairs between FAERS and JADER. We computed reporting odds ratios (RORs) and assessed the drugs using Beers Criteria®.ResultsConstipation was the most reported AE in FAERS. The ratio of drug–anticholinergic AE pairs was statistically significantly larger in FAERS than JADER. Overactive bladder agents were suspected drugs common to both databases. Other drugs differed between the two databases. CNS AEs were associated with antidementia drugs in FAERS and opioids in JADER. In the assessment using Beers Criteria®, signals were detected for almost all drugs. Between the two databases, a significantly higher positive correlation was observed for PNS AEs (correlation coefficient 0.85,P= 0.0001). The ROR was significantly greater in JADER.ConclusionsThere are many methods to investigate AEs. This study shows that the analysis of anticholinergic AEs using spontaneous adverse drug event databases is possible. From this analysis, various suspected drugs were detected. In particular, FAERS had many cases. The differences in the results between the two databases may reflect differences in the reporting countries. Further study of the relationship between drugs and CNS AEs should be conducted.
Early Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy pada Pasien COVID-19 dengan Gagal Napas: Laporan Kasus
Authors: Fadhlurrahman Ahmad Feza , Vitraludyono Rudy , Siswagama Taufiq Agus , Fatoni Arie Zainul 
Published: December 2021

Latar belakang: Pasien kritis dengan infeksi coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) memiliki kecenderungan untuk perawatan ventilasi mekanik dalam waktu yang lama. Perawatan dengan translaryngeal intubasi dalam waktu lama beserta penggunaan sedasi dan tindakan lainnya di intensive care unit (ICU) dapat memunculkan beberapa komplikasi lebih lanjut.Kasus: Pasien perempuan pascaoperasi sectio caesaria dengan gagal napas akibat infeksi COVID-19. Pasien mendapat support high flow nasal canule (HFNC) di awal perawatan di ICU. 4 hari perawatan, kondisi distress napas pasien memberat dan dilakukan intubasi translaryngeal. Dari evaluasi kondisi pasien selama 4 hari perawatan dengan ventilasi mekanik, tim ICU memutuskan melakukan tracheostomy melalui pendekatan dilatasi perkutan. Prosedur dilakukan di ruang bertekanan negatif dengan penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD) level 3. Kondisi pasien berangsur mengalami perbaikan selama 7 hari perawatan dengan tracheostomy. Support ventilasi yang minimal, kebutuhan fraksi oksigen yg menurun dan perbaikan kondisi umum menjadi pertimbangan dilakukan dekanulasi. 3 hari pasca dekanulasi pasien dipindah rawat ke ruangan dengan kondisi stabil.Selama perawatan di ICU, pasien mendapat standar terapi berupa antiviral, antibiotik, antikoagulan, analgesik, steroid, dan obat penunjang lainnya.Pembahasan: Tindakan tracheostomy berhubungan dengan insiden pneumonia yang lebih rendah, penurunan penggunaan obat sedasi dan percepatan masa lepas rawat dari ventilasi mekanik. Early tracheostomy dilakukan sebelum hari ke-10 intubasi. Teknik dilatasi perkutan memiliki kelebihan atas efektifitas dan efisiensi biaya dan alat pendukung. Tindakan percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) pada pasien COVID-19 harus dilakukan dengan proteksi tenaga medis yang optimal.Kesimpulan: Early tracheostomy dapat dipertimbangkan dalam tatalaksana pasien kritis COVID-19. Penilaian kondisi klinis pasien dan proteksi tenaga medis merupakan faktor utama menentukan tindakan early tracheostomy pada pasien COVID-19.
Privacy concerns can stress you out: Investigating the reciprocal relationship between mobile social media privacy concerns and perceived stress
Authors: Stevic Anja , Schmuck Desirée , Koemets Anna , Hirsch Melanie , Karsay Kathrin , Thomas Marina F. , Matthes Jörg 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Mobile social media have become a widespread means to participate in everyday social and professional life. These platforms encourage the disclosure and exchange of personal information, which comes with privacy risks. While past scholarship has listed various predictors and consequences of online privacy concerns, there has been to date no empirical investigation of a conceivable relationship with perceived stress. Using a longitudinal panel study, we examined the reciprocal relationship between mobile social media privacy concerns and perceived stress. Results supported the hypothesis that mobile social media privacy concerns at T1 are associated with higher perceived stress at T2. However, we found no evidence for the reverse association, that is, perceived stress at T1 was not related to mobile social media privacy concerns at T2. The findings are discussed based on two models—the “Antecedents privacy concerns outcomes” model and the “Privacy calculus” model.
Reflections on the Past and Present of Research on Partisan Identity
Authors: Bankert Alexa 
Published: December 2021

AbstractScholarship on partisanship has been transformed by political scientists’ embrace of social and cognitive psychology in the past few decades. This interdisciplinary union has drastically changed the way political scientists examine the origins and effects of partisanship. In this essay, I provide a brief history of scholarship on partisanship, its transformation into a partisanidentityas well as its role in the study of polarization. I then demonstrate how this identity framework has propelled research on negative partisan identity in the U.S. two-party system and European multi-party systems. I conclude with a few avenues for future research that could enrich our understanding of partisanship.Scholarship on partisanship has been transformed by political scientists’ embrace of social and cognitive psychology in the past few decades. Since then, the concept of partisan identity has become widely known beyond the narrow subfield of political psychology. Indeed, the sheer volume of research on the origins, measurement, and effect of partisan identity on political behavior is indicative of its centrality in the general discipline of political science. In this essay, I provide a brief (and therefore necessarily incomplete) history of scholarship on partisanship as well as its transformation into a partisanidentity. I then review contemporary research on positive and negative partisan identity in the U.S. and beyond, focusing on their differential effects on political attitudes and behavior. Last, I sketch out a few thoughts on the complexities and caveats of current scholarship, including a plea for more research on the interaction of partisanship with other identities, the necessity of studying partisanship in more externally valid contexts, as well as the promise of common identities in bridging partisan divisions.
Non-equidistant partition predictor–corrector method for fractional differential equations with exponential memory
Authors: Kong Hua , Wu Guo-Cheng , Fu Hui , Wu Kai-Teng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A new class of fractional differential equations with exponential memory was recently defined in the space

A

C

δ

n

[

a
,
b

]

$A{C}_{\delta }^{n}\left[a,b\right]$

. In order to use the famous predictor–corrector method, a new quasi-linear interpolation with a non-equidistant partition is suggested in this study. New Euler and Adams–Moulton methods are proposed for the fractional integral equation. Error estimates of the generalized fractional integral and numerical solutions are provided. The predictor–corrector method for the new fractional differential equation is developed and numerical solutions of fractional nonlinear relaxation equation are given. It can be concluded that the non-equidistant partition is needed for non-standard fractional differential equations.
Theoretical Analysis of Activation Energy Effect on Prandtl–Eyring Nanoliquid Flow Subject to Melting Condition
Authors: Ullah Ikram , Ali Rashid , Nawab Hamid , Abdussatar  , Uddin Iftikhar , Muhammad Taseer , Khan Ilyas , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study models the convective flow of Prandtl–Eyring nanomaterials driven by a stretched surface. The model incorporates the significant aspects of activation energy, Joule heating and chemical reaction. The thermal impulses of particles with melting condition is addressed. The system of equations is an ordinary differential equation (ODE) system and is tackled numerically by utilizing the Lobatto IIIA computational solver. The physical importance of flow controlling variables to the temperature, velocity and concentration is analyzed using graphical illustrations. The skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are examined. The results of several scenarios, mesh-point utilization, the number of ODEs and boundary conditions evaluation are provided via tables.
Sociolecto literario y discurso heterolingüe en la obra de Faïza Guène: la traducción en espacio multicultural
Authors: Alarcón Soledad Díaz 
Published: December 2021

Resumen
El objetivo principal de este trabajo es poner de manifiesto dos de los principales retos de traducción a los que se enfrenta un traductor cuando acomete la tarea de verter, en este caso, del francés al español, narraciones contemporáneas catalogadas por la crítica como littérature de banlieue o littérature urbaine, como son el Français Contemporain des Cités (FCC) y la hibridación translingüística. En este trabajo identificamos, en primer lugar, los recursos más relevantes que utiliza la escritora Faïza Guène en su obras para representar la lengua codificada de la banlieue (como las prácticas verlanescas y argóticas, las variaciones fonéticas, sintácticas, gramaticales y léxicas) y el heterolingüismo recogidos en segmentos lingüísticos en los que confluye el francés con el árabe y el inglés. Posteriormente esbozamos los principales retos a los que nos enfrentamos como traductores en las fases de comprensión del texto original y su trasvase a la lengua meta. Finalmente exponemos las soluciones adoptadas y las estrategias implementadas para salvar los retos que esta lengua codificada nos plantea y que podrán servir de ayuda para la traducción de otras obras de autores enmarcados en estas estéticas literarias.
Nanostructure-enhanced infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Tanaka Takuo , Yano Taka-aki , Kato Ryo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
While infrared spectroscopy is a powerful technique that provides molecular information such as chemical constituents and chemical structures of analytes, it suffers from low absorption cross-section resulting in low sensitivity and poor signal-to-noise or signal-to-background ratios. Surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy, which is supported by nanometer scale structures, is a promising technology to overcome these problems in conventional infrared (IR) spectroscopy and enhances IR signals using the field enhancement properties of surface plasmon resonance. Recently resonant SEIRA technique was proposed, and signal enhancement factor was significantly improved. In this review, we present an overview of the recent progresses on resonant SEIRA technologies including nanoantenna- and metamaterial-based SEIRA, and also SEIRA techniques with nanoimaging capabilities.
Vibration signal diagnosis and analysis of rotating machine by utilizing cloud computing
Authors: Mi Zhe , Wang Tiangang , Sun Zan , Kumar Rajeev 
Published: December 2021

AbstractVibration signal diagnosis and analysis plays an important role in the industrial machinery since it enhances the machinery performance under supervision. The information regarding the future condition is given by vibration diagnosis techniques which is growing interest for the scientific and industrial communities. Information for failure diagnostic and prediction are provided by the motor vibration through signal processing. The development of mechanical systems fault prognosis and in the last decades, research is done at a very rapid rate. The examination of vibration signal monitoring is done in this paper with the aid of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Cloud Technology (CT). The machines maintenance strategies are implemented by using the data collected from machines which are based on the fault prognosis. The cloud computing platform is presented in this paper which is having three layers and the unlabelled data is received to generate an interpreted online decision. Feature extraction of the vibration signal is obtained in terms of range, mean value, root mean square value, and standard deviation and crest values. The performance of the model is evaluated by utilizing the classical statistical metrics such as RMSE Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of the vibration signal. It is obtained that the proposed technique is 25% and 90% better than the Adaptive Neurofuzzy Inference System and the Single Modeling System respectively in terms of RMSE. The performance in terms of MAPE, then the proposed technique outperforms the existing Adaptive Neurofuzzy Inference System and the Single Modeling System by 8 % and 60% respectively. The presented technique is better than the existing Adaptive Neurofuzzy Inference System and the Single Modeling techniques by average of 15% and 30 % respectively.
Projecting action spaces. On the interactional relevance of cesural areas in co-enactments
Authors: Ehmer Oliver , Mandel Daniel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article investigates the interactional relevance of weak cesuras in multimodal transitions in enactments. Previous research has pointed out that enactments are multimodally accomplished phenomena in that they do not only consist of a quotation but usually involve changes in prosody and bodily conduct, too. Furthermore, it has been noted that an upcoming quotation may be projected in the preceding talk by phonetic cues. There is, however, little research on the precise multimodal realization of such transitions and their possible interactional relevance. Taking this as a starting point, we analyze a collection of co-enactments. Firstly, we show that quotations are projected not only by phonetic but also bodily cues, which often build up gradually in the preceding talk. These smooth transitions into enactment are analyzed as “cesural areas.” Secondly, we argue that such cesural areas and the cumulation of multimodal projections open up an opportunity space in the sense of Lerner (1991), whereby a joint enactment involving co-participants, i.e., a co-enactment, is possible. Thirdly, we show that participants jointly develop the meaning of the enactment in this space, mutually taking up and elaborating on their prior contributions. The data is taken from a corpus of collaborative storytellings in German.
The Stoic Provenance of the Notion ofProsochê
Authors: Ierodiakonou Katerina 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLate Stoics and, in particular, Epictetus made ample use of the notion of attention (prosochê), which they understood as the soul’s vigilant focus on sense impressions and on the Stoic principles. Attention, in their view, was meant to assist our self-examination and lead to ethical progress. It was thus regarded as a Stoic good and a constitutive part ofeudaimonia. Early Stoics did not seem to have invoked such a notion, whereas the Neoplatonists appropriated it into their psychology by postulating the soul’s attentive part, which they introduced to explain both perceptual and intellectual attention as well as self-awareness.
Verteidigung ist Pflicht – Deutschlands außenpolitische Kultur muss strategisch werden – Teil 2
Authors: Giegerich Bastian , Terhalle Maximilian 
Published: December 2021

Kurzfassung
Der Aufstieg oder Wiederaufstieg revisionistischer, repressiver und autoritärer Mächte bedroht die westliche, von den USA garantierte internationale Ordnung, die den Aufstieg und die Sicherheit der Bundesrepublik Deutschland nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg gewährleistet hat. Zu einem Zeitpunkt, an dem Chinas Aufstieg in Asien die USA zunehmend in Anspruch nimmt (ein Krieg zwischen China und den USA ist nicht auszuschließen), muss Europa in der Lage sein, sich im Rahmen der NATO gegen eine konventionelle Aggression Russlands weitgehend allein zu verteidigen. Dabei sind substanzielle Beiträge Deutschlands unersetzlich. Jahre der Vernachlässigung und strukturellen Unterfinanzierung haben jedoch die deutschen Streitkräfte geschwächt. Die politische Führung in Berlin tut sich schwer, diese neue Lage zu akzeptieren, und die Dringlichkeit einer Neuausrichtung der deutschen Verteidigungspolitik anzuerkennen.