bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonstationary Signal Extraction Based on Bat Algorithm Sparse Decomposition Technique
Authors: Ge Shuangchao , Zhou Shida 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
For nonstationary time series i.e. natural electromagnetic field and acoustical signal, effective signal extraction always requires prior knowledge or hypothesis, and hardly do without artificial judgment. We proposed bat algorithm sparse decomposition (BASD) to realize adaptive recognition and extraction of nonstationary signal in a noisy background. We designed two general atomics for typical signals, and developed dictionary training method based on correlation detection and Hilbert transform. The sparse decomposition was turned into an optimizing problem by introducing bat algorithm with optimized fitness function. By contrast with variational modal decomposition, it was indicated that BASD can effectively extract short time target without inducing global aliasing of local feature, and no preset mode number and late screening were needed.
Agrophysiological responses of cotton to time and type of stress moderators on different planting date under saline conditions
Authors: Borzouyi Zeinab , Armin Mohammad , Harvi Mamid 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Today, stress moderators are employed for mitigating the negative effects of environmental stress as the main cause of reduced yields of crops. In this study, the impacts of time and types of stress moderators on agrophysiological responses of cotton under saline conditions on different planting dates were investigated during 2017 and 2018. A split-plot factorial experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Sowing dates (early and late) were considered as the main plots and stress moderator type at 4 levels (control, 2mM Salicylic acid (SA), 100 mM Glycine betaine (GB), and 100 μM sodium nitroprusside (SNP)) and application time (flowering and flowering+bolling stages) were regarded as the sub plots. Results: The delayed planting reduced plant height, reproductive branch number, number of bolls, boll weight, 1000-seed weight, biological yield, seed cotton yield, lint yield, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, total chlorophyll, sodium, potassium and proline content. Spraying with the stress moderators alleviated soil salinity effects on yield, yield components and biochemical traits of cotton. SA spraying led to maximum height, 1000-seed weight, biological yield, seed cotton percentage, seed cotton yield, and potassium content. SNP spraying yielded the greatest number of bolls per plant, boll weight, lint yield, and proline content. The highest plant height, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids and total chlorophyll content resulted from GB spraying. Yield, yield components, and biochemical traits did not respond to the stress moderator types in the delayed sowing date, while the highest chlorophyll a, carotenoids, proline content, the number of bolls per plant and seed cotton yield was resulted from spraying with SNP in early planting. No statistically significant differences were observed between spraying with SNP and SA in most studied traits. Conclusions: The result suggests that cotton planting at an appropriate date and SNP spraying could be recommended for producing the most suitable yield under saline conditions.
Comparison of the Outcomes With Suture Anchors Versus Anatomical Locking Plates for Humeral Greater Tuberosity Fractures: a Case Control Study.
Authors: Shi Yihong , Zhang Guorui , Yang Yuanhua , He Liangliang , Jiang Tianqi , Wang Shubin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Humeral greater tuberosity fractures account for approximately one-fifth of the fractures of the proximal humerus. There are a variety of internal fixation devices used in the treatment of fractures. Suture anchors and anatomical locking plates are the two commonly used internal fixation devices. However, there are no systematic studies on which device is more advantageous for the treatment of greater tuberosity fractures.Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records and radiological results of patients with humeral greater tuberosity fractures who underwent surgical treatment and were followed up for at least one year from June 2017 to March 2020. A total of 31 patients were included in the study, including 13 males and 18 females, with an average age of 51.4 years old (18 to 75 years old). According to the different fixation methods, the patients were divided into the suture anchor treatment group (13 cases) and the anatomical plate treatment group (18 cases). The clinical and radiological results of these two internal fixation devices were evaluated by various criteria.Results: All 31 patients were followed up successfully, with a mean follow-up time of 27.74 months. There were no differences in patient demographic and characteristic information between the two groups. The blood loss in the suture anchor treatment group was less than that in the anatomical plate treatment group. In contrast, the average operation time of the anatomical plate treatment group was shorter than that of the suture anchor treatment group, but the results were not significantly different. The postoperative Visual analog scale score, Constant-Murley shoulder joint function score and range of motion of the two groups were not significantly different. In addition, there was no significant difference in the postoperative complication rate between the two groups.Conclusion: Both suture anchors and anatomical plates can achieve satisfactory clinical results in the treatment of humeral greater tuberosity fractures, and there is no significant difference in the long-term functional results between the two groups. These two fixation devices can be flexibly selected according to the surgeon's experience and fracture characteristics.
Which TAD and CALTAD Cut-Offs Best Predict Cut-Out Risk for Intramedullary Fixation of Proximal Femur Fractures?
Authors: Caruso Gaetano , Corradi Nicola , Caldaria Antonio , Bottin Daniele , Re Dario Lo , Lorusso Vincenzo , Morotti Chiara , Valpiani Giorgia , Massari Leo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Cut-out is one of the most common mechanical failures in the internal fixation of trochanteric hip fractures. The tip-apex distance (TAD), and the calcar-referenced tip apex distance (CalTAD) are the radiographic parameters that most predict the risk of cut-out. The optimal CalTAD value has not yet been defined, but the optimal TAD value is reported as 25 mm or less. However, this cut-off is highly specific but poorly sensitive. The aim of this study was to determine highly specific and sensitive TAD and CalTAD values and shed light on the role of other clinical variables.Methods: A total of 604 patients were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study. For each patient the following data were recorded: number of cut-out, AO/OTA classification, quality of the reduction, type of nail, cervicodiaphyseal angle, type of distal locking, post-operative weight-bearing, TAD and CalTAD values, and the position of the screw head in the femoral head according to the Cleveland system.Results: The incidence of cut-out across the sample was 3.1%. The median TAD in the cut-out group was 38.72, while in the no cut-out group it was 22.16. The median CalTAD in the cut-out group was 39.34, while in the no cut-out group it was 22.19. The cut-off values for TAD and CalTAD with highest value of sensitivity and specificity for the risk of cut-out were 34.8 and 35.2, respectively. Conclusions: The incidence of cut-out can be reduced by performing careful minimal reduction and ensuring stable fixation by avoiding TAD>34.8mm and CalTAD>35.2 mm.
Climate Change in Mechanical Systems: The Snapshot View of Parallel Dynamical Evolutions
Authors: Janosi Daniel , Karolyi Gyorgy , Tel Tamas 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We argue that typical mechanical systems subjected to a monotonous parameter drift whose time scale is comparable to that of the internal dynamics can be considered to undergo their own climate change. Because of their chaotic dynamics, there are many permitted states at any instant, and their time dependence can be followed - in analogy with the real climate - by monitoring parallel dynamical evolutions originating from different initial conditions. To this end an ensemble view is needed, enabling one to compute ensemble averages characterizing the instantaneous state of the system. We illustrate this on the examples of (i) driven dissipative and (ii) Hamiltonian systems and of (iii) non-driven dissipative ones. We show that in order to find the most transparent view, attention should be paid to the choice of the initial ensemble. While the choice of this ensemble is arbitrary in the case of driven dissipative systems (i), in the Hamiltonian case (ii) either KAM tori or chaotic seas should be taken, and in the third class (iii) the best choice is the KAM tori of the dissipation-free limit. In all cases, the time evolution of the chosen ensemble on snapshots illustrates nicely the geometrical changes occurring in the phase space, including the strengthening, weakening or disappearance of chaos. Furthermore, we show that a Smale horseshoe (a chaotic saddle) that is changing in time is present in all cases. Its disappearance is a geometrical sign of the vanishing of chaos. The so-called ensemble-averaged pairwise distance is found to provide an easily accessible quantitative measure for the strength of chaos in the ensemble. Its slope can be considered as an instantaneous Lyapunov exponent whose zero value signals the vanishing of chaos. Paradigmatic low-dimensional bistable systems are used as illustrative examples whose driving in (i, ii) is chosen to decay in time in order to maintain an analogy with case (iii) where the total energy decreases all the time.
Neuregulin-1-dependent control of amygdala microcircuits is critical for fear extinction
Authors: Chen Ming , Liu Ying , Li Ying , Xu Haibo , Bi Linlin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Anxiety disorders, especially posttraumatic stress disorder, are marked by an impaired ability to understand that a conditioned stimulus previously paired with a noxious stimulus is no longer noxious. Although previous studies suggest that fear extinction depends on the function of the amygdala, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We found that NRG1 receptors (ErbB4) were abundantly expressed in the intercalated amygdala (ITC). The NRG1-ErbB4 pathway in the ITC promotes fear extinction. The NRG1-ErbB4 pathway in the ITC did not affect excitatory input to ITC neurons from BLA neurons but increased feed-forward inhibition of CeM neurons through increased GABAergic neurotransmission of ITC neurons. We also found that the NRG1-ErbB4 signaling pathway in ITC might regulate fear extinction through P/Q-type voltage-activated Ca2+ channels (VACCs) but not through L- or N-type VACCs. Overall, our results suggest that the NRG1-ErbB4 signaling pathway in the ITC might represent a potential target for the treatment of anxiety disorders.
Grapevine Red Blotch Disease Affects Carbohydrate Homeostasis and Cell Call Characteristics in Vitis Vinifera L.
Authors: Swamy Prashant , Pattathil Sivakumar , Unda Faride , Mansfield Shawn D. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BackgroundGrapevines are commonly infected with one or more viruses causing a significant threat to the sustainability of quality wine grape production worldwide. The recently identified Grapevine red blotch disease (GRBD) significantly affects the yield and quality of wine grapes. It is largely unknown how the red blotch disease affects carbohydrate homeostasis and regulate the source-to-sink relationship in grapevines. We took an integrative approach to determine the consequences of viral infection in commercially grown, two popular wine grape cultivars from distinct locations in the eastern Washington.ResultsThe deep sequencing approach revealed that Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) was found in all symptomatic vines, while asymptomatic vines were free of this virus. Analysis of mature berries at commercial harvest in virus-infected vines indicated significant changes in the soluble sugar accumulation along with the increase in leaf sucrose and starch content. To follow up with the altered carbohydrate homeostasis, we analyzed cell wall components in winter canes of virus-infected vines and compared them to their virus-free counterparts. Major cell wall monosaccharide contents and total lignin content was not affected due to red blotch disease in either cultivar. However, high-resolution glycome profiling revealed consistent changes in loosely bound cell wall pectin matrices and tightly bound non-fucosylated xyloglucans in virus-infected vines. Furthermore, in cv. Syrah, co-infection with other viruses leads to additional cell wall compositional variations.ConclusionsThese changes highlighted that virus infection in woody perennial leads to detrimental adjustments in the soluble and storage carbohydrates, and in the cell wall layers that could be attributed to lower vine performance or vine decline in a relatively short time. The information gained from such qualitative cell wall structural fine-tuning could be used in assessing how viruses or other pathogenic agents affect perennial longevity.
Factors Influencing the Patient Safety Climate in Intensive Care Units: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Nunes Ranielle de Lima Silva , Silva Ana Elisa Bauer de Camargo , de Lima Juliana Carvalho , Carvalho Dayse Edwiges , Bernardes Cristina Alves , Sousa Tanielly Paula , Gimenes Fernanda Raphael Escobar , Pires Ana Cláudia Andrade Cordeiro 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background:Measuring the patient safety climate of a health service provides important information about the safety status at a given time. This study aimed to determine the factors influencing the patient safety climate in Intensive Care Units.Methods:An analytical and cross-sectional study conducted in 2017 and 2018 in two adult Intensive Care Units of a Brazilian Teaching Hospital. The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire instrument was applied with the multidisciplinary teams to determine the factors influencing the patient safety climate. Data were double entered into a database and processed using the R (version 3.5.0) statistical software. Position, central tendency and dispersion measures were taken and absolute and relative frequencies, mean and confidence intervals were calculated for the quantitative variables. Linear regression was performed to verify the effect of variables on the SAQ domains. Variables with a p-value of less than 0.25 were selected for multivariate analysis.Results:A total of 84 healthcare providers participated in the study. The mean Safety Attitudes Questionnaire score was 59.5, evidencing a negative climate. The following factors influenced the safety climate: time since course completion, professional category, type of employment contract, complementary professional training, and weekly workload. Conclusions:The factors identified indicate items for planning improvements in communication, teamwork, work processes, and management involvement, aiming to ensure care safety and construct a supportive safety climate.
Laparoscopic Colectomy for Caecal Cancer on the 8th Day After Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Case Report
Authors: Tateno Yuki , Kanada Yasuaki , Hayashi Takahiro , Hataji Ken-ichiro 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAbdominal surgery immediately after acute myocardial infarction is associated with a high risk of intraoperative complications and postoperative cardiac complications. It is recommended that elective surgery be postponed for 6 months after acute myocardial infarction. However, for oncological emergencies due to tumour bleeding, postponing surgery could cause tumour growth or metastasis, making early surgery preferable. There is no established evidence on how surgery can be performed immediately after acute myocardial infarction, while minimising the risk.Case presentationOur case involved an 85-year-old Asian man who underwent laparoscopic ileocaecal resection for haemorrhagic caecal cancer on the 8th day after acute myocardial infarction, with good outcomes.ConclusionLaparoscopic surgery can be an effective method compared to open surgery immediately after acute myocardial infarction with regard to preventing intraoperative complications and postoperative cardiac complications.
Effect of preoperative anxiety, depression, and insomnia on acute postoperative pain after non-cardiac surgery
Authors: Lin Dandan , Huang Xiao , Wang Jing , Hao Yanan , Geng Mengwen , Wei Changwei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

The mental diseases especially anxiety, depression, and insomnia are common in patients at perioperative period. This study aims to investigate the association of preoperative mental diseases with acute postoperative pain of patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
Method:

The patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery from August 1, 2019 to January 23, 2020 at Capital Medical University, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital were included in this retrospective study. The demographics, clinical data and assessments of depression, anxiety, and insomnia by Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were collected and analyzed. The patients with any of depression, anxiety or insomnia were divided into mental disease group, and others were in non-mental disease group according to the. We compared the postoperative visual analog score between patients in mental diseases group with propensity score matching cohort from patients in non-mental diseases. The primary outcome was acute postoperative pain according to the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) 24h after surgery. Secondary outcomes included VAS at other time points and incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), rescue analgesia, and length of hospital stay (LOS).
Results

The analysis included 397 patients (274 in the group and 123 in the mental disease group). Patients in mental disease group (anxiety, depression and insomnia) were associated with higher VAS scores and increased times of rescue analgesia. Each of the 3 mental diseases was associated with higher VAS scores independently.
Conclusion

In this retrospective study, preoperative anxiety, depression and insomnia were associated with increased the level of acute postoperative pain and increased times of rescue analgesia of patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
Level of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Its Enabling Factors Among Lactating Women Who Delivered in Health Facilites of Asosa Town, Ethiopia: a Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Kumera Megersa , Haidar Jemal 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Despite the enormous benefit of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) to mothers and infants, the practice of exclusive breastfeeding is globally low. In sub-Saharan Africa and Ethiopia, the prevalence of EBF stands at 35% and 58%, respectively. The low EBF practice in Ethiopia calls for further study and thus we studied the EBF practice in the study area since little is known about its current magnitude and factors influencing its practice for some programmatic improvements. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June-July 2019 among 412 mothers who delivered in health facilities of Asosa town. Data on socio demographic characteristics and other important variables were collected through face to face interview by trained health extension workers in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations. The collected data were then cleaned and entered into Epi-data software version 3.02. Analysis was done by SPSS version 20. Binary and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify the contributing factors. P-value of less than 0.05 and 95% confidence interval was considered to determine statistical significance.Results: Of the 412 respondents, the majority (88.1%) were multi-gravida and above. Less than a quarter (26.0%) and over half (55.4%) had neither received antenatal nor postnatal care. The proportion of mothers who exclusively breastfed their children was 76.0% and the overall aggregated good practice of EBF score was 64.1%. mothers who completed primary school [AOR=4.5; 95%CI=1.1,18.2], had three or more ANC [AOR=0.018;95CI=0.003-0.12], and postnatal follow-up [AOR=0.218;95%CI=0.07-0.67], and had male infants [AOR= 2.3; 95%CI=1.0-4.95] were among the enabling factors influencing the exclusive breastfeeding practice score.Conclusion: Women’s retention on the continuum of the maternal care pathway is low with about a quarter of mothers were not practicing EBFand one in two had no postnatal care. To narrow the observed maternal and child health disparities, it is essential to intervene through focused actions that address the above enabling factors.
Association of Quality of Life, Anxiety, and Depression with Restless Leg Syndrome in the Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Yaseen Mahjabeen , Jarullah Furqan Ahmad , Yaqoob Sadia , Shakeel Hassan Abdullah , Maqsood Hamza , Naveed Sadiq 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesRestless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is commonly known to cause morbidity in patients on hemodialysis, making them prone to chronic mental health illnesses such as depression and anxiety, and also adversely impact quality of life. In this study, we examined the association of quality of life, anxiety, and depression with restless leg syndrome in the hemodialysis patients at Karachi Institute of Kidney Diseases. ResultsAbout 26.7% of the participants reported RLS among the sample size Presence of RLS was not associated with quality of life, depression, and anxiety. However, p-values <0.05 were significant for body-mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus as a cause of end-stage renal disease, and serum albumin levels. Majority (82.5%) of the RLS-diagnosed patients had moderate to severe symptoms with 16 (40%) and 17 (42.5%) clients, respectively.