bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biotransformation Potential of Cationic Surfactants in Fish Assessed with Rainbow Trout Liver S9 Fractions
Authors: Droge Steven T.J. , Armitage James M. , Arnot Jon A. , Fitzsimmons Patrick N. , Nichols John W. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Biotransformation may substantially reduce the extent to which organic environmental contaminants accumulate in fish. Presently, however, relatively little is known regarding the biotransformation of ionized chemicals, including cationic surfactants, in aquatic organisms. To address this deficiency, a rainbow trout liver S9 substrate depletion assay (RT-S9) was used to measure in vitro intrinsic clearance rates (CLint; ml min–1 g liver–1) for 22 cationic surfactants that differ with respect to alkyl chain length and degree of methylation on the charged nitrogen atom. None of the quaternary N,N,N-trimethylalkylammonium compounds exhibited significant clearance. Rapid clearance was observed for N,N-dimethylalkylamines, and slower rates of clearance were measured for N-methylalkylamine analogs. Clearance rates for primary alkylamines were generally close to or below detectable levels. For the N-methylalkylamines and N,N-dimethylalkylamines, the highest CLint values were measured for C10–C12 homologs; substantially lower clearance rates were observed for homologs containing shorter or longer carbon chains. Based on its cofactor dependency, biotransformation of C12–N,N-dimethylamine appears to involve one or more cytochrome P450–dependent reaction pathways, and sulfonation. On a molar basis, N-demethylation metabolites accounted for up to 25% of the N,N-dimethylalkylamines removed during the 2-h assay, and up to 55% of the removed N-methylalkylamines. These N-demethylation products possess greater metabolic stability in the RT-S9 assay than the parent structures from which they derive and may contribute to the overall risk of ionizable alkylamines. The results of these studies provide a set of consistently determined CLint values that may be extrapolated to whole trout to inform in silico bioaccumulation assessments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3123–3136. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
Experimental investigation on CO2 desorption kinetics from MDEA + PZ and comparison with MDEA/MDEA + DEA aqueous solutions with thermo‐gravimetric analysis method
Authors: Kang Shunji , Shen Zhi , Shen Xizhou , Fang Liuya , Xiang Li , Yang Wenze 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe carbon dioxide discharged from fossil fuels combustion products is considered as a major contributor to global warming. The current investigation aimed at CO2 desorption kinetics in 3.25 mol L–1 methyldiethanolamine (MDEA)–0.1 mol L–1 piperazine (PZ) rich amine aqueous solution with thermo‐gravimetric analysis (TGA) method under different heating rates of 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 °C min–1. The kinetics parameters were determined by comparison of 40 mechanism functions with thermal analysis kinetic method. The average activation energy E was 59.16 kJ mol–1, preexponential factor A was 5.54 × 108, and the most probable mechanism function was G(α) = [–ln(1 – α)]3/2. In addition, the kinetic parameters of CO2 desorption process from three rich amine aqueous solutions (MDEA, MDEA + diethanolamine(DEA), MDEA + PZ) were compared and the influence of kinetic parameters was further discussed. The desorption rate models of three rich amine aqueous solutions were established and desorption rates were well predicted. The order of desorption rate inferred from desorption rate model was MDEA > MDEA + DEA > MDEA + PZ. The results indicated that TGA combined with thermal analysis kinetics was an effective and quick method with high accuracy, easy operation, and good repeatability for screening absorbents preliminarily in laboratory. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
3D implicit modeling applied to the evaluation of CO2 geological storage in the shales of the Irati Formation, Paraná Basin, Southeastern Brazil
Authors: de Oliveira Saulo B. , Tassinari Colombo C. G. , Abraham‐A. Richardson M. , Torresi Ignacio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Paris Agreement established global ambitious targets for reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, requiring the rapid and extensive development of low carbon technologies, and one of the most efficient is CO2 geological storage. Among the deep geological formations used for CO2 storage, the shale layers have been a new emerging field with higher efficiency because they are abundant and have a high content of organic matter that is favorable for CO2 retention. However, one of the challenges in evaluating a location for potentials reservoirs is the adequate geological characterization and storage volume estimation. The study evaluates the Irati Formation of the Paraná Basin based on wireline logs information within Southeastern Brazil, where most stationary sources of carbon emissions are located. Three‐dimensional (3D) implicit modeling techniques were applied not only for volume calculation purpose, but also in the site selection stage, generating thematic 3D models indicating thickness, depth, structures, and distance to aquifer systems. The limestones, shales, and black shales of the Irati Formation were locally grouped into six units considering the geological composition and spatial continuity. Based on the 3D model and reservoir parameters, the organic‐rich shale Unit E with a theoretical capacity of 1.85 Gt is considerable for CO2 storage. The estimated CO2 storage capacity is promising because it is higher than the total CO2 locally produced, and it could support the implantation of new projects in this region. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Longitudinal associations between sleep duration and cognitive function in the elderly population in China: A 10‐year follow‐up study from 2005 to 2014
Authors: Zhang Qilin , Wu Yanli , Liu Erpeng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveSleep duration is increasingly recognized as an important determinant of cognitive function among elderly. However, longitudinal studies on the relationship between sleep duration and cognitive function in Chinese elderly are rare. We sought to investigate the longitudinal association between sleep duration and cognitive function in Chinese elderly during a 10‐year follow‐up.MethodThis longitudinal study analyzed 2148 elderly (the baseline including 43.16% aged 70%‐79%, 23.79% aged 80 and over) who had participated in four waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey during 2005–2014. Cognitive function (including global functioning and cognitive domains) was assessed using the Chinese version of the Mini‐Mental State Examination. Sleep duration was assessed via self‐reports. Mixed model analysis was used to evaluate the association between sleep duration and cognitive function, adjusting for sociodemographic variables and risk factors for cognitive function.ResultsThere is an inverted U‐shaped relationship between sleep duration and global cognition and cognitive domains, with the highest cognitive scores observed for sleep durations between 6 and 9 h and the curve shifting from smooth to steeper from 2005 to 2014. The regression model showed that long sleep duration (>9 h) is significantly associated with global cognition and four cognitive domains: orientation, attention and calculation, immediate recall and visual construction. Both long and short sleep durations are significantly associated with delayed recall and not significantly associated with category fluency, language or the ability to follow a three‐stage command. The five cognitive domains related to sleep duration are the domains that exhibited a rapid rate of decline.ConclusionsSleep duration can be identified as a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline, as long or short sleep duration is associated with the five cognitive domains that exhibit cognitive decline. These findings suggest the need for intervention measures to maintain healthy sleep durations among Chinese elderly people.
Exploration of radiative heat on magnetohydrodynamic rotating fluid flow through a vertical sheet
Authors: Sharma Ram Prakash , Shaw Sachin , Mishra S. R. , Tinker Seema 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAn analysis is built up for the exploration of radiative heat transport on the magnetohydrodynamic flow of rotating fluid over a vertical sheet. The inclusion of thermal radiation in conjunction with the reacting species enhances the energy as well as the solutal profiles respectively. In an advance, external heat source and applied magnetic field effects are considered for further improvement. As the magnetic Reynolds number is low, the influence of the induced magnetic field is neglected. The transformation of governing nonlinear partial differential equations into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations is attained with a proper supposition of similarity variables. Moreover, the solution of these transformed equations is scheduled using the “Runge–Kutta fourth‐order” method numerically in association with the “shooting technique.” The simulation or various illustrating parameters affecting the flow phenomena are obtained and displayed through graphs and for numerical validation with earlier published work shows the convergence process of the methodology applied. The main findings of the study are; the Dufour number is favorable to enhance the fluid temperature throughout the domain and the destructive chemical reaction also encourages the solutal profile significantly.
Plasminogen Regulates Fracture Repair by Promoting the Functions of Periosteal Mesenchymal Progenitors
Authors: Wang Luqiang , Yao Lutian , Duan Hao , Yang Fan , Lin Maohuan , Zhang Rongxin , He Zhenqiang , Ahn Jaimo , Fan Yi , Qin Ling , Gong Yanqing 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Defective or insufficient bone repair and regeneration are common in patients as a result of major trauma or severe disease. Cell therapy with periosteal mesenchymal progenitors, which can be limited in severe injury, serves as a promising approach; however, its efficacy is limited due to a repair-hostile ischemic tissue microenvironment after traumatic fracture. Here we report that plasminogen (Plg), a factor that is upregulated in these environments, is critical for fracture healing. Plg knockout mice had impaired trabecular and cortical bone structure and exhibited delayed and incomplete fracture healing. Interestingly, Plg deficiency greatly reduced the thickness of expanded periosteum, suggesting a role of Plg in periosteal mesenchymal progenitor-mediated bone repair. In culture, Plg increased cell proliferation and migration in periosteal mesenchymal progenitors and inhibited cell death under ischemic conditions. Mechanistically, we revealed that Plg cleaved and activated Cyr61 to regulate periosteal progenitor function. Thus, our study uncovers a cellular mechanism underlying fracture healing, by which Plg activates Cyr61 to promote periosteal progenitor proliferation, survival, and migration and improves bone repair after fracture. Targeting Plg may offer a rational and effective therapeutic opportunity for improving fracture healing. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Understanding processes that advance suicidal behavior among Israeli active duty soldiers: A mediation model
Authors: Goldner Limor , Shelef Leah , Goldstein Becky Amit , Scharf Miri 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe current study was aimed to identify the factors and mechanisms that promote nonsuicidal self‐injury and suicidal ideation (SI) as precursors of suicidal behaviors in a sample of 553 Israeli active‐duty soldiers.MethodsA mediation model was used to examine the contribution of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, emotion‐regulation difficulties, habituation, and risk‐taking behaviors to soldiers' self‐injury and SI.ResultsResults indicated direct effects between PTSD symptoms and self‐injury and SI, as well as between emotion regulation difficulties and self‐injury. Indirect effects were found between PTSD symptoms and nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) through the mechanisms of habituation and risk‐taking behavior and between difficulties in emotion regulation and NSSI through the mechanism of risk‐taking behaviors.ConclusionTo tackle soldiers' suicidal behaviors, clinicians might assess soldiers' PTSD symptoms and difficulties in emotion regulation and intervene by lessening their access to thrill‐seeking situations and situations that increase habituation to pain and death.
Historically underrepresented college students and institutional natural mentors: An ecological analysis of the development of these relationships at predominantly White institutions
Authors: Monjaras‐Gaytan Lidia Y. , Sánchez Bernadette , Salusky Ida , Schwartz Sarah E. O. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDespite studies examining outcomes associated with having a natural mentoring relationship with an institutional agent in a higher education setting, few studies have investigated the formation of these relationships among historically underrepresented college students. Institutional agents refer to any instructor, staff, or administrator on the college campus. This cross‐sectional study used an ecological approach to explore the factors associated with natural mentoring relationships between historically underrepresented college students and institutional agents. Participants were 521 college students (75% female, Mage = 20.27) across two predominantly White institutions. Multiple logistic regression demonstrated that older age, more positive help‐seeking attitudes toward adults, stronger instructor relationships, having an off‐campus mentor, and a higher sense of belonging on campus were associated with having an institutional natural mentor. Findings from this study contribute to the growing area of research on mentoring relationships of historically underrepresented college students. Implications are discussed.
Retracted: Public opinion as a means of managing social processes
Authors: Bubnov Vladimir V. , Gulyaev Vitaly V. , Krasnyanskiy Dmitry E. , Maurina Tatiana S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe relevance of the study is expressed by the improvement and development of tools for managing social processes and public procedures. There are a large number of concepts and theories that explain certain aspects of public opinion: exposure to influence, an impact on people's actions, and its contradictory nature. The main forming factors of individual behavior are the stereotypes and values that are developed within society. In moments of social instability, the problem of governance and expression of public opinion progresses. The purpose of the study is to consider public opinion similarly and to search for patterns of its functioning. At present, there is a lack of an expressly unified model that allows characterizing all the laws of existence and its phenomena. Public opinion is understudied, despite the large volumes of theoretical research. This is explained by the predominance of psychological and sociological scientific concepts in the analysis of public opinion. This study is based on specific methods of conducting various sociological monitoring and developments in the field of methodology. Modern humanitarian knowledge misses certain problems related to the role of public opinion in the context of social processes. The practical significance of this study lies in the investigation and distribution of approaches to the study of public opinion as a means of managing social processes.
Whole Brain Adiabatic T1rho and Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field Imaging in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: Initial Findings
Authors: Jambor Ivan , Steiner Aida , Pesola Marko , Liimatainen Timo , Sucksdorff Marcus , Rissanen Eero , Airas Laura , Aronen Hannu J. , Merisaari Harri 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundParametric maps of adiabatic T1ρADIAB (A) TRAFF2 (B) of a 37‐year‐old female are shown (contrast adapted for visualization, same scaling as Fig. 2) as well as the white matter (C) and gray matter (D) masks overlaid over T1‐weighted images BY Jambor et al. (864–877)
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Application of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging and Dynamic Contrast‐Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Head and Neck Lesions
Authors: Cheng Jingfeng , Shao Shuo , Chen Weibo , Zheng Ning 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundPreoperative differentiation of head and neck lesions is important for treatment plan selection.PurposeTo evaluate the diagnostic value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) in differentiating benign from malignant head and neck lesions and subgroups, including lymphoma subgroup (LS), Warthin's tumor subgroup (WS), malignant tumor subgroup (excluding lymphoma) (MTS), and benign tumor subgroup (excluding Warthin's tumor) (BTS).Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationSeventy‐four patients with 79 head and neck lesions (44 benign, 35 malignant), divided into four subgroups: LS (14), WS (12), MTS (21), and BTS (32).Field Strength/SequencesA 3.0 T, single‐shot echo‐planar sequence with 5 b‐values for DKI and enhanced T1 high‐resolution isotropic volume excitation (eTHRIVE) sequence for DCE‐MRI.AssessmentThe mean diffusivity (MD) and mean kurtosis (MK) derived from DKI and the time‐signal intensity curve (TIC), peak time (Tpeak), and washout ratio (WR) based on DCE‐MRI were measured. The diagnostic efficiencies of DKI and DCE‐MRI, alone and in combination, were calculated and compared. The parameters mentioned above were compared between the four subgroups.Statistical TestMann–Whitney U test, chi‐square test, receiver operating characteristic curve, Delong test, one‐way analysis of variance test, and Kruskal–Wallis H test. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe combination of TIC and parameters of DKI and DCE‐MRI for differentiating benign and malignant lesions with 94.94% accuracy is superior to DKI or DCE‐MRI alone with approximately 75% accuracy. MD, MK, Tpeak, and WR showed significant differences among the four subgroups. The accuracy of MD and MK was 91.14% and 92.41% for differentiating BTS from the other three subgroups. WR achieved 100% accuracy for discriminating WS from LS or MTS. MD and MK both differentiated LS from MTS with 97.14% accuracy.Data ConclusionA combination of DKI and DCE‐MRI can effectively differentiate head and neck lesions with good accuracy.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir or ravidasvir in patients with COVID‐19: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abbass Sherif , Kamal Ehab , Salama Mohsen , Salman Tary , Sabry Alyaa , Abdel‐Razek Wael , Helmy Sherine , Abdelgwad Ahmed , Sakr Neamt , Elgazzar Mohamed , Einar Mohamed , Farouk Mahmoud , Saif Mounir , Shehab Ismail , El‐hosieny Eman , Mansour Mai , Mahdi Doaa , Tharwa El‐Sayed , Salah Mostafa , Elrouby Ola , Waked Imam 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOnly a few treatments are approved for coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) infections, with continuous debate about their clinical impact. Repurposing antiviral treatments might prove the fastest way to identify effective therapy. This trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir (SOF) plus daclatasvir (DCV) or ravidasvir (RDV) added to standard care (SOC) for patients with moderate and severe COVID‐19 infection. Multicentre parallel randomized controlled open‐label trial. One hundred and twenty eligible patients with moderate and severe COVID‐19 infection were randomized to one of the study arms. Ten days of treatment with SOF plus DCV or RDV in addition to the standard of care compared to SOC. Follow up in 7 days. Sum of the counted symptoms at 7 and 10 days, mean change in oxygen saturation level, viral negativity, and rate of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Compared to SOC, the SOF‐DCV group experienced a significantly lower sum of the counted symptoms (fever, headache, generalized aches, or respiratory distress) combined with no evidence of deterioration (ICU admission and mechanical ventilation) on Days 7 and 10 of treatment. Oxygen saturation also significantly improved among the SOF‐DCV group compared to SOC starting from Day 4. The study also showed positive trends regarding the efficacy of SOF‐DCV with a lower incidence of mortality. On the other hand, adding SOF‐RDV to SOC did not show significant improvements in endpoints. The results support the efficacy and safety of SOF‐DCV as an add‐on to SOC for the treatment of moderate to severe COVID‐19 infections.
~5.9 cal ka bp Towada‐Chuseri tephra from Towada volcano: a mid‐Holocene marker layer from Japan to northeast China
Authors: Sun Chunqing , Plunkett Gill , Zhu Zeyang , Zhang Lei , Zhang Bin , Zhang Di , Mao Qian , You Haitao , Wang Luo , Chu Guoqiang , Liu Jiaqi 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTFar‐travelled ash layers from explosive volcanic eruptions can provide invaluable marker horizons for dating and correlating regional to global sedimentary archives. Here, we present a new cryptotephra associated with the ~5.9 cal ka bp Towada‐Chuseri eruption (To‐Cu) in a peat sediment record from northeast China. This tephra exhibits a rhyolitic glass composition that can be distinguished from other widespread tephra layers around the region of Japan and northeast China. Our findings extend the known range of this ash significantly, making it now traceable about 1200 km from its source, Towada volcano, Japan. Notably, this tephra provides an important isochron for synchronising palaeoenvironmental studies during the mid‐Holocene period from the western Pacific, central Japan, Japan Sea and northeast China.
Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and natural plant extracts against Listeria monocytogenes in a dry‐cured ham‐based model
Authors: dos Santos Luciana R , Alía Alberto , Martin Irene , Gottardo Franciele M , Rodrigues Laura B , Borges Karen A , Furian Thales Q , Córdoba Juan J 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDListeria monocytogenes is a widespread common contaminant in food production facilities during preparation, storage, and distribution, and minimally processed ready‐to‐eat products are considered at high risk of contamination by this bacterium. Increased antibiotic resistance has led researchers to search for plant‐based natural alternatives to control pathogenic microorganisms. Among these products, essential oils and plant extracts have previously shown antimicrobial activity and are possible alternatives to manage food pathogens. In this study, commercial essential oils (cinnamon, clove, oregano, ginger, and thyme) and plant extracts (pomegranate, acorn, olive, strawberry tree, and dog rose) were tested against L. monocytogenes in a dry‐cured ham‐based model.RESULTSEssential oils and plant extracts were screened by agar diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration for anti‐L. monocytogenes activity. Cinnamon, pomegranate, and strawberry trees returned the strongest results and were therefore evaluated in a dry‐cured ham‐based medium assay with water activity of 0.93 or 0.95. The 10% essential oil of cinnamon was capable of completely inhibiting bacterial growth, while strawberry tree and pomegranate extract also showed antilisterial activity (P > 0.05). Water activity influenced the bacterial count of L. monocytogenes in a dry‐cured ham‐based medium.CONCLUSIONSThere was a reduction in L. monocytogenes with the application of cinnamon essential oil but, because of the negative sensory impact of this particular compound in meat products, we suggest the use of pomegranate or strawberry tree for the biocontrol of Listeria in ready‐to‐eat products. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.