bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI PATOGEN GETAH KUNING MANGGIS MELALUI PENDEKATAN POSTULAT KOCH DAN ANALISIS SECARA MOLEKULER
Authors: Suada I Ketut , Suniti Ni Wayan 
Published: January 2021

Isolation and identification of mangosteen yellow latex pathogen through Koch’s Postulate application and molecular analysis. The yellow latex disease decreases fruit quality of mangosteen because exogenic latex causes dirty fruit and the endogenic latex makes the bitter fruit taste and does not deserve to be consumed. The causal agent of the disease caused phusilogical disorder so that cells break due to unstability of cell turgor, the drift irrigation treatment was able to decrease the disease of 35.22%, therefore the causal agent could be microbe that promote the yellow latex. This research was aimed to find the yellow latex pathogens with its characteristics. The Koch Postulate was apllied to isolate and proved the microbes associated to the yellow latex and molecular analysis was constructed subsequently to find the microbe species. The result of the research proved that there were three fungus species as the biotic agent responsible to the disease. The fungus were Verticillium albo-atrum with the highest pathogenecity ( 74.87%), followed by Fusarium oxysporum ( 70.15%), and Pestalotia macrotricha (20.32%).
ASAI KEMAMPUAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT DARI KACANG TANAH DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Sclerotium sp. PADA KECAMBAH KACANG TANAH
Authors: Arios Lisa Novita , . Dwi Suryanto , . Kiki Nurtjahja , . Erman Munir 
Published: January 2021

Assay on ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from peanut to inhibit Sclerotium sp. growth in peanut seedlings. A study on assay of ability of endophytic bacteria to inhibit Sclerotium sp. in peanut seedling has been done. The bacteria were isolated from peanut healthy plants, while Sclerotium sp. was isolated from infected peanaut plant. Antagonistic assay was conducted by dual culture method. In vivo assay of inhibiting Sclerotium sp. was conducted by dipping peanut seed in bacterial solution, and planting the seed in soil:compost (3:1) growing media. Six endophytic bacterial isolates showed to inhibit the growth of Sclerotium sp. in vitro. LN1 seemed to inhibit more of Sclerotium sp., while LN5 showed to inhibit less. Two potential isolates LN1 of gram-negative and LN2 of gram-positive using for further study showed to decrease more of dumping off. It also seemed that the isolates increased the seedling height, number of leaves, and dry weight.
Study of League Championship Algorithm Efficiency for Global Optimization Problem
Authors: Zaharov D. O. , Karpenko A. P. 
Published: January 2021

The article objective is to study a new League Championship Algorithm (LCA) algorithm efficiency by its comparing with the efficiency of the Particle Swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm.The article presents a brief description of the terms used in the League Championship algorithm, describes the basic rules of the algorithm, on the basis of which the iterative process for solving the global optimization problem is built.Gives a detailed description of the League Championship algorithm, which comprises a flowchart of the algorithm, as well as a formalization of all its main steps.Depicts an exhaustive description of the software developed to implement the League Championship algorithm to solve global optimization problems.Briefly describes the modified particle swarm algorithm. Presents the values of all free parameters of the algorithm and the algorithm modifications, which make it different from the classical version, as well.The main part of the article shows the results of a great deal of computational experiments using two abovementioned algorithms. All the performance criteria, used for assessment of the algorithms efficiency, are given.Computational experiments were performed using the spherical function, as well as the Rosenbrock, Rastrigin, and Ackley functions. The results of the experiments are summarized in Tables, and also illustrated in Figures. Experiments were performed for the vector dimension of the variable parameters that is equal to 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64.An analysis of the results of computational experiments involves a full assessment of the efficiency of the League Championship algorithm, and also provides an answer about expediency for further algorithm development.It is shown that the League Championship algorithm presented in the article has a high development potential and needs further work for its study.
Space-time Poisson Flow Intensity Density with Zero Occurrence Probability on Stochastic Subsets of Its Spatial Definition Domain
Authors: Khutortsev V. V. 
Published: January 2021

Object of research: space-time Poisson flows.Subject of research: influence patterns of the stochastic subset characteristics of the spatial definition domain of the space-time Poisson flow on its intensity density.Work objective: to determine a relationship between the space-time Poisson flow intensity density and the characteristics of the inhomogeneity subdomains of the spatial definition domain where this flow is specified.A problem to be solved: to determine the space-time Poisson flow intensity density to meet a selected criterion, i.e. a conditional intensity density, where the condition is that the points in the flow state space belong to the stochastic inhomogeneity subdomains.We consider a space-time Poisson flow whose spatial domain contains stochastic subdomains of inhomogeneity. An equality criterion to zero occurrence probability generated by this flow in the inhomogeneity subdomains is used to derive an expression for the flow intensity density.The case has been considered when positions of inhomogeneity subdomain centers are random, and their angular positions relative to these centers and their shapes are defined and unchanged at analysis interval.To describe them, we used the probability densities of the inhomogeneity subdomain centers, which are time variant. A theorem is proved that substantiates the structure of the intensity density of the space-time Poisson flow with a stochastic inhomogeneous spatial domain of definition. The relationship of this characteristic with the probabilistic characteristics of inhomogeneity subdomain parameters is shown.Examples are given to illustrate a procedure for determining the intensity densities of space-time Poisson flows for both stochastic and deterministic structures of inhomogeneity subdomains. It is shown that for the stochastic case, taking into account the random nature of their location leads to a solution significantly different from the singular case.The scope of possible practical use of the results obtained for tasks related to the search for objects of observation is determined.
Algebraic Criteria of the Integral Separation for Solving Certain Classes of Ordinary Differential Equations Systems
Authors: Akhrem A. A. , Nosov A. P. 
Published: January 2021

One of the important directions of the qualitative theory of ordinary differential equations is to study the properties of linear systems that satisfy the condition of integral separation. Anyway, integral separation becomes apparent in all studies concerning the asymptotic behavior of the solutions for the linear systems under the action of small perturbations.The papers of V.M. Millionschikov, B.F. Bylov, N.A. Izobov, I.N. Sergeev et al. proved that the available integral separation is the main reason for the rough stability of the characteristic Lyapunov exponents, the rough stability of the highest Lyapunov exponent, and the rough diagonalizability of systems by Lyapunov transformations, and other fundamental properties of linear differential systems.The paper presents the basic properties of the set of linear systems with constant, periodic, reducible coefficients and proves the algebraic criteria for their property of integral separation of solutions to be available.The results can be used in modeling dynamic processes.
KONSEPTUALISASI DESTINASI WISATA PINTAR
Authors: Ananta Permadi Raden Willy 
Published: January 2021

Istilah pintar mewakili kata pemasaran untuk semua hal yang ada tertanam atau ditingkatkan oleh teknologi. Satu konsep cerdas, yang telah didapat momentum dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, adalah Smart City. Ini terutama berfokus pada cara meningkatkan kualitas hidup warga dengan menggunakan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi gies (ICT). Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dimensi mana kecuali teknologi kritis untuk pengembangan Smart Citydan Destinasi wisata Cerdas. Mengikuti beberapa pendekatan studi kasus, makalah ini mengembangkan kerangka kerja untuk kecerdasan di kota-kota dan destinasi wisata. Penelitian eksplorasi ini berpendapat bahwa kepemimpinan, inovasi, dan modal sosial yang didukung oleh modal manusia adalah konstruksi fundamental kecerdasan. Aplikasi teknologi dan TIK enabler, yang mendukung konstruksi inti tujuan cerdas. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah untuk membahas bagaimana mengubah 'kecerdasan' ke pariwisata dan level yang lebih tinggi. Kata kunci; Smart City, TIK, Destinasi Wisata Pintar, Teknologi
PENGGUNAAN GOOGLE REVIEW SEBAGAI PENILAIAN KEPUASAN PENGUNJUNG DALAM PARIWISATA
Authors: Haq Fathia Uqimul 
Published: January 2021

Google review merupakan salah satu dari fitur Google maps. Fitur sederhana yang mampu berdampak besar ini digunakan untuk memberi nilai angka dan ulasan berupa teks dan foto pada sebuah tempat. Di era big data ini, pengguna dengan mudah memberikan nilai sesuai dengan faktor-faktor kepuasan pengunjung. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana google review menjadi fitur untuk menilai kepuasan pengunjung dalam pariwisata. Metode penelitian menggunakan kajian literatur yang diambil dari jurnal, pustaka, dan media massa. Temuan dari penelitian ini google review dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sarana evaluasi dini dalam sebuah sektor bisnis pariwisata untuk meningkatkan pelayanan daring. Diharapkan bisnis pariwisata saat ini bukan hanya memberikan pelayanan produk nyata saat pengunjung datang, tetapi mampu melayani melalui daring untuk membangun reputasi baik di hadapan warganet atau calon pengunjung.Kata kunci; Google review, kepuasan pengunjung, pariwisata.
Trophic Links of the Blackbird (Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758) in Transformed Forest Ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine
Authors: Chaplygina Anzhela , Pakhomov Oleksandr 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The blackbird (Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758; Passeriformes, Turdidae) diet was studied to contribute to the conservation of the species population in transformed forests of the north-eastern part of Ukraine. Four forest ecosystems were studied: 3 model sites in the oak forests, transformed under intensive recreation pressure, and 1 model site in a pine-oak forest. A total of 44 invertebrate taxa, dominated by Insecta (78.1%, n = 1075), were found. The order Lepidoptera (63.5%) prevailed. In the diet of blackbird nestlings, the highest number of taxa (37.1–52.2%) was represented by phytophages. The phytophagous species also constituted the majority of the consumed prey items (58.8–72.0%). Environmental conditions provided an important effect on the diet structure. The most favourable foraging conditions for the species were found in protected natural areas. According to the analysis, the blackbird foraging efficiency was similar in all the studied sites. The highest biodiversity indices were found in a protected area of Homilshanski Forests National Nature Park. Results of the research have indicated a crucial role of T. merula in the population management of potentially dangerous agricultural pests.
Hepatic encephalopathy: Diagnosis and management
Authors: Ridola Lorenzo , Faccioli Jessica , Nardelli Silvia , Gioia Stefania , Riggio Oliviero 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Type C hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a brain dysfunction caused by severe hepatocellular failure or presence of portal-systemic shunts in patients with liver cirrhosis. In its subclinical form, called “minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE), only psychometric tests or electrophysiological evaluation can reveal alterations in attention, working memory, psychomotor speed and visuospatial ability, while clinical neurological signs are lacking. The term “covert” (CHE) has been recently used to unify MHE and Grade I HE in order to refer to a condition that is not unapparent but also non overt. “Overt” HE (OHE) is characterized by personality changes, progressive disorientation in time and space, acute confusional state, stupor and coma. Based on its time course, OHE can be divided in Episodic, Recurrent or Persistent. Episodic HE is generally triggered by one or more precipitant factors that should be found and treated. Unlike MHE, clinical examination and clinical decision are crucial for OHE diagnosis and West Haven criteria are widely used to assess the severity of neurological dysfunction. Primary prophylaxis of OHE is indicated only in the patient with gastrointestinal bleeding using non-absorbable antibiotics (Rifaximin) or non-absorbable disaccharides (Lactulose). Treatment of OHE is based on the identification and correction of precipitating factors and starting empirical ammonia-lowering treatment with Rifaximin and Lactulose (per os and enemas). The latter should be used for secondary prophylaxis, adding Rifaximin if HE becomes recurrent. In recurrent/persistent HE, the treatment options include fecal transplantation, TIPS revision and closure of eventual splenorenal shunts. Treatment of MHE should be individualized on a case-by-case basis.
Progress of clinical evaluation for vascular aging in humans
Authors: Qiu Yumin , Liu Yuanya , Tao Jun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Human society is experiencing a serious aging process. Age-related arteriosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) are the most common cause of deaths around the world and bring a huge burden on the whole society. Vascular aging-related pathological alterations of the vasculature play an important role in the pathogenesis of ASCVD and morbidity and mortality of older adults. In this review, we describe the progress of clinical evaluation of vascular aging in humans, including functional evaluation, structural assessment, and cellular molecular markers. The significance of detection for vascular aging is highlighted, and we call for close attention to the evaluation for a better quality of life in the elderly population.
The use of electroencephalography in patients with sepsis: A review of the literature
Authors: Pantzaris Nikolaos-Dimitrios , Platanaki Christina , Tsiotsios Konstantinos , Koniari Ioanna , Velissaris Dimitrios 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is the term used to define brain dysfunction related to infections that are principally located outside the central nervous system (CNS). A number of published studies report that electroencephalography (EEG) has been used in the evaluation of patients with sepsis, alone or usually in combination, to evoked potentials and neuroimaging. This was in an effort to assess if EEG can be a tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of the neurological status in sepsis patients. Although there is no specific test for the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis related encephalopathy, our literature review suggests that EEG has a role in the assessment of this clinical entity. Due to its low cost and simplicity in its performance, EEG could be a potential aid in the assessment of sepsis neurological complications even in the early, subclinical stages of the syndrome. The aim of this review is to summarize the published literature regarding the application and utility of electroencephalography in adult patients with sepsis.
Comparison of Diagnostic Tests for Detection of Bovine Rotavirus a in Calf Feces
Authors: Barua Shama Ranjan , Islam Shariful , Siddiki А.М.А.М. Zonaed , Masuduzzaman Md , Hossain Mohammad Alamgir , Chowdhury Sharmin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Bovine rotavirus A (BRVA) is a frequent causative agent of diarrhea in neonatal calves. Accurate and rapid diagnosis is crucial to prevent calf mortality from BRVA induced diarrhea. Currently, variety of diagnostic methods are being used to detect BRVA from calves’ feces: antibody-based rapid test and ELISA, and molecular-based RT-PCR and RT-qPCR. The aim of the study was to evaluate the accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) of the rapid test (Immunochromatography), ELISA, and RT-PCR assays, using RT-qPCR as the gold standard, in detection of BRVA in diarrheic calves’ fecal samples. One hundred (n=100) clinically diarrheic fecal samples were tested with four different diagnostic tools. The percent of samples positive by rapid test, ELISA, RT-PCR and RT-qPCR was 10%, 16%, 17%, and 33%, respectively. The agreement between different assays was 75% to 99%. The highest agreement was observed between ELISA and RT-PCR assay (99%). The lowest agreement was recorded (75%) between rapid test and RT-qPCR. The sensitivity of the rapid test, ELISA, and RT-PCR were 30%, 49%, and 52%, respectively when compared to the reference test (RT-qPCR), whereas specificity was 100% for all assays. In conclusion, none of the frequently used diagnostic tests showed a satisfactory level of sensitivity to identify BRVA in calves’ feces. Therefore, the use of a more sensitive rapid test should be used to identify infected calves in field conditions in order to prevent calf mortality from rotaviral diarrhea.
The beauty of continuous development of the nurse as the beauty of nursing as an art
Authors: Pucko Zygmunt , Przybek-Mita Joanna 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction. Looking from a philosophical perspective at the continuous process of the nurse’s education, one can see in it a dimension that has not yet been brought to light. Meanwhile, it gives the nurse greater splendour and respect. It also changes the perception of the nurse in collective consciousness and creates her new image in the cultural code. This aspect is beauty, which also defines nursing understood as an art. The theoretical frame of this consideration is the concept of aesthetics of Cyprian Kamil Norwid. His approach determines the aesthetic shade of the nurse’s continuous development and legitimizes the aesthetic status of such thought categories as e.g. dynamism, purposefulness, proportionality, depth, originality, complementation, rigor or asceticism. It also authorizes the identification of nursing with art and opens the door for contemporary explanations of such identification.

Aim. To show the beauty of the continuous development of the nurse. Indication of the constitutive features of the beauty of continuous learning. An attempt to justify giving nursing the title of an art.

Method. Phenomenological method. This method was developed by Edmund Husserl and consists in viewing and describing a phenomenon or an object given to the researcher by eye. The purpose of this method is to get to the essence of the cognitively understood object and to recognize it clearly and distinctly. Capturing the quintessence of a phenomenon or an object is achieved through phenomenological reduction, meaning presuppositionlessness in the research approach and the so-called eidetic view.

Conclusions. The permanent continuum of the nurse’s development process has an aesthetic value. Nursing has been elevated to the rank of art for several decades. The introduction of nursing to the pantheon of an art is proved from various points of view. Nursing understood as an art does not yet have a consistent theory or precise conceptual grid. Based on the resultant of many arguments, this ennoblement of nursing is difficult to challenge.
Forced settlement of Vlach Roma in Žatec and Louny in the late 1950s
Authors: Hajská Markéta 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The author of the study presents a micro-historical study of a family of Vlach Roma (Lovára) of western Slovakian origin, who were one of the few Romani groups still on the move in the mid-1950s and who in the late 1950s were forced to settle in the towns of Louny and Žatec in north-western Bohemia. Against this background the author focuses on some aspects of the Czechoslovak assimilation policy of the 1950s regarding ‘itinerant Gypsies’, designed to limit their mobility, which is represented mainly by the implementation of the Law on the Permanent Settlement of Itinerant Persons (No. 74/1958 Coll.). Using a combination of oral history methods involving Vlach Romani narrators and of archival research, the author clarifies some aspects of the local process of the implementation of the above-mentioned law and of selected impacts of the registration of travelling and semi-travelling people in February 1959. The forced sedentarization which occurred in the two localities under study is presented in the context of the regime of state socialism and the policies of central as well as local authorities towards so-called ‘travelling Gypsies’ in the late 1950s.
(Im)mobility Subcontracted: Nesting Hierarchies, Uneven Distributions and the ‘Roma Inclusion’ Projects in Europe
Authors: Grill Jan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper explores social mobilities and trajectories in relation to particular mechanisms of subcontracting and of unequal distribution of capitals in the emerging field of EU funded projects for poor and socially excluded populations in Europe. It discusses some of the struggles for possible mobilities and its limits amidst continuing production and reproduction of privileges, disadvantages and structural orders in these project-cum-policy worlds constraints. By examining a particular case of a large-scale and multi-sited project and other similar project schemes, described by some of its proponents as one of the most ‘participatory’ projects for Roma in Europe, the article illustrates particular mechanisms of power and knowledge reproduction that facilitates some kinds of mobilities while also reproducing certain constraints and limits on these possibilities (for some subjects and some social trajectories). It develops an ethnographic critique of situated and nesting hierarchies of management and brokerage leading to reproduction of particular setups, privileges, unequal economic distribution and (mis)recognitions of capitals, which allows for particular emergence of particular kinds of contested ‘expertise’ in the uneven field of so-called ‘Roma inclusion’.