bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesenchymal stem cell‐conditioned medium attenuates the retinal pathology in amyloid‐β‐induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease: Underlying mechanisms
Authors: Kuo Shu‐Chun , Chio Chung‐Ching , Yeh Chao‐Hung , Ma Jui‐Ti , Liu Wen‐Pin , Lin Mao‐Tsun , Lin Kao‐Chang , Chang Ching‐Ping 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAmyloid‐beta (Aβ) oligomer is known to contribute to the pathophysiology of age‐related macular degeneration. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the in vivo and in vitro effects of Aβ1‐42 application on retinal morphology in rats. Our in vivo studies revealed that intracerebroventricular administration of Aβ1‐42 oligomer caused dysmorphological changes in both retinal ganglion cells and retinal pigment epithelium. In addition, in vitro studies revealed that ARPE‐19 cells following Aβ1‐42 oligomer application had decreased viability along with apoptosis and decreased expression of the tight junction proteins, increased expression of both phosphor‐AKT and phosphor‐GSK3β and decreased expression of both SIRT1 and β‐catenin. Application of conditioned medium (CM) obtained from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) protected against Aβ1‐42 oligomer‐induced retinal pathology in both rats and ARPE‐19 cells. In order to explore the potential role of peptides secreted from the MSCs, we applied mass spectrometry to compare the peptidomics profiles of the MSC‐CM. Gene ontology enrichment analysis and String analysis were performed to explore the differentially expressed peptides by predicting the functions of their precursor proteins. Bioinformatics analysis showed that 3‐8 out of 155–163 proteins in the MSC‐CM maybe associated with SIRT1/pAKT/pGSK3β/β‐catenin, tight junction proteins, and apoptosis pathway. In particular, the secretomes information on the MSC‐CM may be helpful for the prevention and treatment of retinal pathology in age‐related macular degeneration.
Substance Use, Gambling, Binge‐Eating, and Hypersexuality Symptoms Among Patients Receiving Opioid Agonist Therapies
Authors: Carr Meagan M. , Ellis Jennifer D. , Saules Karen K. , Page Jamie L. , Staples Angela , Ledgerwood David M. 
Published: March 2021

Background and ObjectivesPatients receiving opioid agonist therapies have high rates of psychiatric comorbidity. Some data suggest that comorbidity is associated with poorer treatment outcomes. The current study assessed predictors of multiple putative addictive behaviors among patients receiving opioid agonist therapies.MethodsAdults (N = 176) recruited from an outpatient clinic providing opioid agonist therapy completed self‐report measures of depression, anxiety, impulsivity, adverse childhood events, and the Recognizing Addictive Disorders (RAD) scale, which includes seven subscales assessing symptoms related to alcohol use, drug use, tobacco use, gambling, binge‐eating, hypersexual behavior, and excessive video‐gaming. Linear regression and hurdle models identified significant predictors of RAD subscales. Hurdle models included logistic regression estimation for the presence/absence of symptoms and negative binomial regression for estimation of the severity of symptoms.ResultsMost patients did not report significant symptoms beyond drug or tobacco use. However, 7% to 47% of participants reported some symptoms of other addictive behaviors (subscale score > 0). Higher impulsivity predicted the presence and/or increased severity of symptoms of drug use, gambling, binge‐eating, and hypersexuality. Higher depression significantly predicted increased severity of drug use and binge‐eating symptoms. Increased anxiety predicted lower severity of alcohol use and binge‐eating and higher severity of smoking symptoms.Conclusion and Scientific SignificanceA broader range of potentially addictive symptoms may be present among patients engaged in treatment for opioid use disorder. Few studies have assessed symptoms of binge‐eating, hypersexuality, and excessive video‐gaming among patients receiving opioid agonist therapy. This study contributes to preliminary findings and highlights important future directions. (Am J Addict 2021;00:00–00)
Should beta‐blockers be continued as a treatment for myocardial infarction in the case of Kounis syndrome?
Authors: Amino Mari , Fukushima Tomokazu , Uehata Atsushi , Nishikawa Chiemi , Morita Seiji , Nakagawa Yoshihide , Murakami Tsutomu , Yoshioka Koichiro , Ikari Yuji 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA 71‐year‐old male patient reported to our hospital with anaphylactic shock, and the following two issues were focused in this case. First, he was resistant to adrenaline because of taking beta‐blocker, and shock was repeated until glucagon administration was initiated. Second, he developed acute coronary syndrome. Two mechanisms contributing to Kounis syndrome were differentiated: 1) adrenaline induced coronary spasm and platelet activation or 2) a mismatch between oxygen supply and demand due to an allergic reaction. Beta‐blocker therapy was discontinued because his cardiac function was preserved. Secondary preventive beta‐blockers in recovering myocardial infarction with severe anaphylaxis history should be carefully considered.
Transesophageal electrophysiology study in the diagnosis of dual atrioventricular nodal nonreentrant tachycardia
Authors: Chen Jing , Lin Fan , Zuo Ping , Li Shixu , Lin Li , Wang Bei , Yang XiaoYun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract“Double fire” is generally characterized by 1:2 atrioventricular conduction of sinus beats traveling down fast and slow pathways that result in double ventricular response. When this phenomenon repeats rapidly, dual atrioventricular nodal nonreentrant tachycardia (DAVNNT) occurs. We report a case of an irregular tachycardia with a comprehensive record that includes an electrocardiogram, a transesophageal electrophysiology study, and an intracardiac electrophysiology study. This is the first report of transesophageal electrophysiology study in the diagnosis of DAVNNT. A diagnosis of DAVNNT was deduced, and the patient was successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation of the slow pathway.
Living donor liver transplantation in septuagenarians: Better late than never
Authors: Zidan Ahmed , Sturdevant Mark , Elsarawy Ahmed , Hassan Ramy , Alabbad Saleh , Alghamdi Saad , Bzeizi Khalid , Broering Dieter C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe coupling of increased life expectancy and improvements in both quality and access to chronic liver disease care, is culminating in an expanding population of septuagenarians (≥70 years) in need of liver transplantation (LT). The objective of this study is to partially alleviate this knowledge deficit and to add clarity to the current status and role of LDLT in this recipient population.MethodsOf 295 adult patients underwent LDLT between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2016. Twelve (4%) of these patients were septuagenarians and this group was compared to younger cohort (n = 283).ResultsComorbidity profiles between the two groups were similar and no statistically significant differences were noted in warm/cold ischemia times, operative duration, or blood product utilization. ICU and total hospital stays were comparable. Septuagenarian 1‐and 5‐year graft and patient survivals were identical at 91.7%. Their younger counterparts had 1‐and 5‐year patient survivals of 91.1% and 84.0 % accompanied by 1‐and 5‐year graft survivals of 89.8% and 82.7%, respectively.ConclusionOur study highlights a recognition that LDLT can afford highly‐selected elderly patients to access to transplant with equivalent outcomes to those realized by younger recipients.
Impact of diabetes specialist nurses on inpatient care: A systematic review
Authors: Akiboye Funke , Sihre Harpreet K. , Al Mulhem Munerah , Rayman Gerry , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah , Adderley Nicola J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundPeople with diabetes have longer hospital stays and poorer clinical outcomes. Diabetes inpatient specialist nurses have been introduced to improve care.AimsTo assess the evidence for the benefit of diabetes specialist nurses in the inpatient setting.MethodsA systematic search of MEDLINE (ovid), Embase (ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO) and Web of Science core collection from January 1998 to September 2019 was performed using key terms for diabetes specialist nurses and hospital setting. Studies measuring patient care using any standardised or validated outcome measures after introduction of a dedicated diabetes specialist nurse or nursing team were eligible for inclusion and findings reported by narrative synthesis.ResultsThere were 10 studies which met the inclusion criteria. One was a randomised controlled study and the remaining nine studies were before and after studies with three of them using a time series analysis methodology. The majority reported length of stay (LOS) and showed a reduction in median LOS by between 0.5 and 3 days. Reductions in bed occupancy ranged from 39% to 47%. There was a paucity of evidence for outcomes related to patient care with some measures limited to single studies. These included a 52% reduction in total drug errors, improved patient knowledge, higher patient satisfaction and improved glycaemic control post‐discharge. There was no reduction of mortality observed.ConclusionsThese studies suggest a reduction in LOS and improved clinical care for patients with diabetes after the introduction of diabetes inpatient specialist nurses. Future research should examine a range of benefits associated with diabetes inpatient specialist nurse delivered services, including reduction of inpatient complications such as infections and cardiovascular events.
Selective bargain hunting: A concise test of rational consumer search
Authors: Lee Chloe , Long Wen , Luengo‐Prado María J. , Sørensen Bent E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA model of time‐allocation among work, leisure, and price‐search predicts that rational consumers pay relatively low prices for their preferred goods. Using scanner data, we confirm empirically the implication that consumers find better prices for items (defined by scanner codes, such as a 12‐pack of Pepsi) within categories (such as carbonated drinks) of which they consume relatively more. This provides direct evidence that consumers face constraints on time and/or attention, and that they rationally allocate these scarce resources to optimize welfare.
Subjective stress and proactive and reactive cognitive control strategies
Authors: Husa Robyn A. , Buchanan Tony W. , Kirchhoff Brenda A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAcute stress likely impacts cognitive control. Little is known, however, about the effects that acute stress may have on specific cognitive control strategies. The goal of this research was to investigate the effects of acute stress on proactive and reactive control strategies. Participants completed the Trier Social Stress Test or control tasks. Use of proactive and reactive control strategies was measured with the AX‐Continuous Performance Test. The Trier Social Stress Test was effective at producing subjective, cortisol, and heart rate stress responses, but there was no significant effect of stress on use of proactive or reactive control strategies in between‐group analyses. However, higher subjective stress responses during performance of the AX‐Continuous Performance Test were associated with less frequent use of a proactive control strategy and more frequent use of a reactive control strategy within the stress group.
Interaction diversity explains the maintenance of phytochemical diversity
Authors: Whitehead Susan R. , Bass Ethan , Corrigan Alexsandra , Kessler André , Poveda Katja 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe production of complex mixtures of secondary metabolites is a ubiquitous feature of plants. Several evolutionary hypotheses seek to explain how phytochemical diversity is maintained, including the synergy hypothesis, the interaction diversity hypothesis, and the screening hypothesis. We experimentally tested a set of predictions derived from these hypotheses by manipulating the richness and structural diversity of phenolic metabolites in the diets of eight plant consumers. Across 3940 total bioassays, there was clear support for the interaction diversity hypothesis over the synergy or screening hypotheses. The number of consumers affected by a particular phenolic composition increased with increasing richness and structural diversity of compounds. Furthermore, the bioactivity of phenolics was consumer‐specific. All compounds tested reduced the performance of at least one consumer, but no compounds affected all consumers. These results show how phytochemical diversity may be maintained in nature by a complex selective landscape exerted by diverse communities of plant consumers.
Genomic profile of columnar cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Janovitz Tyler , Williamson Drew F K , Wong Kristine S , Dong Fei , Barletta Justine A 
Published: March 2021

Background and aimsColumnar cell variant (CCV) is a rare papillary thyroid carcinoma subtype. The majority of CCV occur in older patients and are large, invasive tumours that pursue an aggressive clinical course. Rare well‐circumscribed CCV occur in younger female patients and are comparatively indolent.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively identified CCV with material available to perform targeted next‐generation sequencing and correlated molecular results with clinicopathological features and outcome. Our cohort was comprised of nine CCV. Nearly all were aggressive tumours; however, one was predominantly well‐circumscribed and arose in a thyroglossal duct cyst of a 26‐year‐old woman who had no evidence of disease at last follow‐up. Seven (78%) cases demonstrated activating oncogenic driver alterations in BRAF, including BRAF V600E, an activating N486_P490del deletion, and BRAF–AGK fusions. Activating RAS mutations were seen in two (22%) cases. Additionally, three (33%) cases had TERT promoter mutations, four (44%) had loss of the tumour suppressor CDKN2A and one (11%) case had a loss of function TP53 mutation. Most cases (89%) also demonstrated copy number alterations, including recurrent gain of chromosome 1q (five cases) and losses of chromosome 9p (three cases) and 22q (four cases). The one case without secondary pathogenic mutations or copy number alterations was the tumour in the 26‐year‐old woman.ConclusionsWe found that CCV is primarily a BRAF‐driven tumour, with most also harbouring secondary oncogenic mutations and multiple chromosomal gains and losses. Moreover, our findings suggest that molecular analysis could potentially be used to help risk stratify CCV.
Early‐life childhood obesity risk prediction: A Danish register‐based cohort study exploring the predictive value of infancy weight gain
Authors: Rotevatn Torill Alise , Mortensen Rikke Nørmark , Ullits Line Rosenkilde , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Overgaard Charlotte , Høstgaard Anna Marie Balling , Bøggild Henrik 
Published: March 2021

SummaryBackgroundInformation on postnatal weight gain is important for predicting later overweight and obesity, but it is unclear whether inclusion of this postnatal predictor improves the predictive performance of a comprehensive model based on prenatal and birth‐related predictors.ObjectivesTo compare performance of prediction models based on predictors available at birth, with and without information on infancy weight gain during the first year when predicting childhood obesity risk.MethodsA Danish register‐based cohort study including 55.041 term children born between January 2004 and July 2011 with birthweight >2500 g registered in The Children's Database was used to compare model discrimination, reclassification, sensitivity and specificity of two models predicting risk of childhood obesity at school age. Each model consisted of eight predictors available at birth, one additionally including information on weight gain during the first 12 months of life.ResultsThe area under the receiving operating characteristic curve increased from 0.785 (95% confidence interval (CI) [0.773‐0.798]) to 0.812 (95% CI [0.801‐0.824]) after adding weight gain information when predicting childhood obesity. Adding this information correctly classified 30% more children without obesity and 21% with obesity and improved sensitivity from 0.42 to 0.48. Specificity remained unchanged at 0.91.ConclusionAdding infancy weight gain information improves discrimination, reclassification and sensitivity of a comprehensive prediction model based on predictors available at birth.
Growth and characterization of large size lead‐free ferroelectric K(Ta,Nb)O3 single crystal
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Shuhuan , Liu Fengying , Wang Lihai , Wang Xuping , Zheng Limei , Yang Liekun , Yang Yuguo , Lv Xianshun , Yu Huajian , Liu Bing , Li Jing , Zhao Minglei , Li Jing‐Feng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLead‐free piezoelectric materials with excellent performance are greatly demanded for the environmental issues. The lead‐free ferroelectric single crystals are therefore greatly concerned for their much higher piezoelectricity than the polycrystalline counterparts and the domain‐tunable property. However, the growth of large size and high‐quality lead‐free ferroelectric crystals has always been a great challenge. In this work, a ferroelectric KTa1‐xNbxO3 (KTN) single crystal with an extremely large size of 25 × 25 × 37 mm3 was grown using the modified top‐seeded solution growth method. The large size enabled us to carry out comprehensive investigations on the crystal. The complete sets of dielectric, piezoelectric, and elastic constants for the [001]C‐poled KTN crystal with quasi single domain state were determined. Results showed that the crystal exhibits high electromechanical coupling coefficients with kt~0.642 and k33~0.679. Furthermore, the orientation dependence of the piezoelectric, dielectric, and elastic properties was determined by the tensor matrix transformation technique, and the maximum d33, , and k33 were found along the polar direction [001]C. This work not only provides important guidance for the growth technology of lead‐free ferroelectric crystals but also offers essential datasets of lead‐free alkali niobate system, which is of great importance for both theoretical studies and designs of electromechanical devices.
Food for thought: Recalls and outcomes
Authors: Wowak Kaitlin D. , Craighead Christopher W. , Ketchen David J. , Connelly Brian L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLittle is known about the underlying product recall process that food companies go through to identify and remove tainted products from the supply chain or why this process varies. To help fill this void in the literature and close the gap between what we know and what we need to know about product recalls, we use a grounded theory approach to develop mid‐range theorizing about food recalls. In doing so, our findings reveal that two manifestations of complexity—upstream and downstream—introduce recall uncertainty, which is the driving force behind why the recall process varies. Our study is also the first to propose that managers use recall options when trying to manage recall uncertainty. Furthermore, our study reveals that product recalls may not cleanly fall into recall categories as previously thought, but rather take the form of recall layering—that is, nested recalls or a recall within a larger recall. Overall, our mid‐range theorizing (a) offers key insights about why the recall process varies within a massive industry that affects every person; (b) provides a detailed agenda to guide subsequent research; and (c) suggests practical steps managers can take to better manage future recalls.
Application of supercritical fluid extraction for extraction or enrichment of phospholipids in egg and dairy products: A review
Authors: Krishnegowda Rajesh , Ravindra Menon Rekha , Sharma Monika 
Published: March 2021

Phospholipids (PLs) are polar lipids that are found in dairy products, egg, and oilseeds. They are amphiphilic in nature and find application in many foods as a functional ingredient. As PLs are distributed in food matrix in dilute form, attempts to concentrate the same by adopting suitable technical interventions have been widely investigated. One of the more successful approaches that have been reported is the application of supercritical fluid extraction (SCFE) to extract PLs using suitable cosolvents. The extraction protocol to extract PLs from dairy products and eggs using SCFE also includes a two‐step process, namely, separation of neutral lipids using neat CO2 followed by subsequent separation of polar lipids from the residue using cosolvent and CO2. This review is an attempt to compile information on dairy and egg PLs extracted using SCFE under varied operational factors. It is expected that the compilation will serve as resource for investigators working in this research area.Practical ApplicationsMilk fat processing results in valuable by‐products which can be suitably volarized to increase profitability through processing gains and reduce environmental footprints in dairy industry. The by‐products such as buttermilk, butter serum, ghee residue, and so forth can be tapped as potential sources for phospholipid (PL). Eggs have already been recognized as a good source of PLs, which are reported to have preventive effect on pathogens, cancer protective, anti‐inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Two challenges could be anticipated in the fractionation of PLs from egg and milk by‐products. First, extraction of lipids from substrate which include polar and neutral lipids. Second, separation of neutral and polar lipids from the lipid extract. Conventional methods of extraction involve many solvents for the wide range of lipids to be extracted, which often result in incomplete extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction (SCFE) technique is reported to be useful in extraction and separation of PLs from dairy and egg products. Process intervention strategies and optimization approaches have been undertaken by various researchers to quantify and improve extractability of PLs using SCFE. The paper is a compilation of the scientific information related to extraction of dairy and egg PLs using SCFE, which will serve as a knowledge resource for researchers working in related fields.