bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transosseous Repair of Patellar Sleeve Fractures: A Case Series and Surgical Technique Guide
Authors: Perkins Crystal A. , Egger Anthony C. , Willimon S. Clifton 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to describe the surgical technique and outcomes of transosseous repair of patellar sleeve fractures in a pediatric cohort. A retrospective review was performed on patients younger than 16 years undergoing transosseous repair of distal patellar sleeve fractures. A chart review was performed on demographics, surgical repair technique, and postoperative care. Primary outcomes included intact extensor mechanism function and range of motion (ROM) at final follow-up. In this study, 20 patients, 17 males and 3 females, with a mean age of 11.7 years were included. ROM was initiated at a median of 27.5 days following surgery. All patients had a healed patellar sleeve fracture and intact extensor function at final follow-up. Final mean knee ROM among the 18 patients with minimum 3-month follow-up was 132 degrees. Thirteen patients (72%) achieved full ROM (≥ 130 degrees) and 5 patients (28%) achieved less than 130 degrees knee flexion. Duration of initial immobilization was found to be the only variable strongly associated with final postoperative ROM. Mean duration of immobilization for patients achieving ≥ 130 degrees was 24 days versus 44 days in those patients achieving < 130 degrees, p = 0.009. All patients who began knee ROM within 21 days of surgery obtained full knee ROM. No patients experienced construct failure or extensor lag. Operative management of displaced patellar sleeve fractures with anatomic transosseous suture repair of the sleeve fracture, brief immobilization no more than 21 days, and initiation range of early ROM results in excellent outcomes.
Comparative Analysis of Outcomes in Medicare-Eligible Patients with a Hospital Stay Less than Two-Midnights versus Longer Length of Stay following Total Knee Arthroplasty: Implications for Inpatient-Outpatient Designation
Authors: Singh Vivek , Lygrisse Katherine A. , Macaulay William , Slover James D. , Schwarzkopf Ran , Long William J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services (CMS) removed primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) from the inpatient-only list in January 2018. This study aims to compare outcomes in Medicare-aged patients who underwent primary TKA and had an in-hospital stay spanning less than two-midnights to those with a length of stay greater than or equal to two-midnights. We retrospectively reviewed 4,138 patients ages ≥65 who underwent primary TKA from 2016 to 2020. Two cohorts were established based on length of stay (LOS), those with an LOS <2 midnights were labeled outpatient and those with an LOS ≥2 midnights were labeled inpatient as per CMS designation. Demographic, clinical data, knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint replacement (KOOS, JR), and veterans RAND 12 physical and mental components (VR-12 PCS & MCS) were collected. Demographic differences were assessed with Chi-square and independent sample t-tests. Clinical data and KOOS, JR and VR-12 PCS and MCS scores were compared by using multilinear regression analysis, controlling for demographic differences. There were 841 (20%) patients with a LOS < 2 midnights and 3,297 (80%) patients with a LOS ≥ 2 midnights. Patients with a LOS < 2 midnights were significantly younger (71.70 vs. 73.06; p < 0.001), more likely male (42.1 vs. 25.7%; p < 0.001), Caucasian (68.8 vs. 57.7%; p <0.001), have lower BMI (30.80 vs. 31.92; p < 0.001), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI; 4.62 vs. 4.96; p < 0.001), and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class II or higher (p < 0.001). These patients were more likely to be discharged home compared to patients with LOS ≥ 2 midnights (95.8 vs. 73.1%; p < 0.001). Patients who stayed ≥ 2 midnights reported lower patient-reported outcome scores at all time-periods (preoperatively, 3 months and 1 year), but these differences did not exceed the minimum clinically important difference. Mean improvement preoperatively to 1 year postoperatively in KOOS, JR (22.53 vs. 25.89; p < 0.001), and VR-12 PCS (12.16 vs. 11.49; p = 0.002) was statistically higher for patients who stayed < 2 midnights, though these differences were not clinically significant. All-cause ED visits (p = 0.167), 90-day all-cause readmissions (p = 0.069) and revision (p = 0.277) did not statistically differ between the two cohorts. TKA patients classified as outpatient had similar quality metrics and saw similar clinical improvement following TKA with respect to most patient reported outcome measures, although they were demographically different. Outpatient classification is more likely to be assigned to younger males with higher functional scores, lower BMI, CCI, and ASA class compared with inpatients. This Retrospective Cohort Study shows level III evidence.
The Association between In Vivo Knee Kinematics and Patient-Reported Outcomes during Squatting in Bicruciate-Stabilized Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Kage Tomofumi , Inui Hiroshi , Tomita Tetsuya , Yamazaki Takaharu , Taketomi Shuji , Yamagami Ryota , Kono Kenichi , Kawaguchi Kohei , Takagi Kentaro , Sameshima Shin , Tanaka Sakae 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBicruciate-stabilized total knee arthroplasty (BCS TKA) has been developed to improve TKA kinematic performance. However, the relationship between in vivo kinematics and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) has not been well described. This study was performed to clarify the relationship between in vivo kinematics and PROs in a cohort of patients undergoing BCS TKA. Forty knees were evaluated using a two-dimensional to three-dimensional registration technique obtained from sagittal plane fluoroscopy. In vivo kinematics including anteroposterior (AP) translation and tibiofemoral rotation were evaluated. Knee Society scores (KSSs) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (KOOSs) were assessed before and after surgery. Relationships between tibiofemoral kinematics assessed with the knee in different positions of knee flexion and PROs were evaluated using Spearman's correlation analysis. The study demonstrated a significant negative correlation (r =  − 0.33) between medial AP translation from minimum flexion to 30 degrees flexion and postoperative KOOS activities of daily living subscale. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.51) was found between the femoral external rotation from minimum flexion to 30 degrees flexion and improvement of the KOOS pain subscale. No correlation was found between the lateral AP translation and PROs. Achieving medial AP and femoral external rotation stability in early flexion may be important in optimizing postoperative PROs.
Good Short-Term Clinical Outcomes and Low Rates of Return to Sports after Repeat Revision ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Gorodischer Tomás D. , Zicaro Juan Pablo , Yacuzzi Carlos , Costa Paz Matías 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRepeat revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) is a rare, demanding procedure and, as such, has not been well studied. Most of the available literature shows improved functional outcomes compared with preoperative state but inferior results when compared with primary ACL-R, particularly regarding return to preinjury level of sports. The purpose of this study was to assess functional outcomes in patients who had undergone repeat revision ACL-R. The secondary aims were to register return to sports, associated meniscal and/or chondral lesions, and evaluate radiological anatomical parameters. Nine patients between 2011 and 2017 were evaluated, who had a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Median age at repeat ACL-R was 32 years (interquartile range [IQR], 30–34 years) and the median follow-up was 27 months (IQR, 24–39 months). Data collected prior to surgery and at last follow-up included patient demographics, operative findings, physical examination findings including pivot shift and KT-1000 arthrometer measurement; Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective scores; and return to sports and level using the Tegner score. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subjective score and radiographic anatomical parameters were recorded at last follow-up. Mean IKDC and Lysholm score improvement was 25 points (confidence interval [CI] 12–37) and 25 points (CI 11–39), respectively (p < 0.001). The median postoperative KOOS score was pain: 93 (IQR, 64–96); symptoms: 94 (IQR, 83–97); activities of daily life: 96 (IQR, 90–100); sports: 75 (IQR, 50–90); and quality of life: 50 (IQR, 43–81). Postoperative median side-to-side KT-1000 arthrometer difference was 2 mm (IQR, 1–8 mm). The median radiographic posterior tibial slope was 10 degrees (IQR, 9–10). One patient was considered a failure at 16 months postoperative. Only 44% (four out of nine) patients were able to return to their sports. None of these patients had a cartilage injury, while three out of five patients who did not return to their sports had International Cartilage Regeneration & Joint Preservation Society grade III or IV cartilage injury. Patients should be counseled on the challenging outcomes of repeat revision ACL-R. This is Level IV, therapeutic case series.
Simple method for mid-infrared optical frequency comb generation with dynamic offset frequency tuning
Authors: Roiz Mikhail , Kumar Krishna , Karhu Juho , Vainio Markku 
Published: February 2021

We present a simple method for fully stabilized mid-infrared optical frequency comb generation based on single-pass femtosecond optical parametric generation that is seeded by a continuous-wave laser. We have implemented the method in a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal that produces a frequency comb tunable across 3325 nm–4000 nm (2380 cm−1–3030 cm−1). The method generates the mid-infrared (idler) comb with known and stabilized Carrier-Envelope Offset (CEO) frequency without the need to directly detect it. The idler CEO is continuously tunable for almost half of the repetition rate and can be modulated. Together with the high output power (up to 700 mW) and low intensity noise (0.018% integrated in 10 Hz–2 MHz bandwidth), this makes the demonstrated mid-infrared frequency comb promising for many applications such as high-precision molecular spectroscopy, frequency metrology, and high harmonic generation.
Size dependence of charge order and magnetism in Sm0.35Ca0.65MnO3
Authors: Goveas Lora Rita , Bhagyashree K. S. , Anuradha K. N. , Bhat S. V. 
Published: February 2021

We report a systematic tracking of consequences of size decrease to nanoscale for charge order (CO) and magnetic properties of electron doped manganite Sm0.35Ca0.65MnO3 by magnetization measurements. The bulk form of this system is charge ordered below 270 K and antiferromagnetic (AFM) below 130 K. The bulk sample and nanoparticles of various sizes (mean diameter ∼ 15, 30, 90 nm) were synthesized by sol-gel technique. Our studies show that the robust CO in the bulk gets weakened by size reduction and the nanoparticles exhibit ferromagnetic (FM) ordering. Magnetization at high temperatures, in the paramagnetic region, reflecting the behaviour of the most part of the samples arising due to FM fluctuations caused by double exchange interaction is found to decrease as the particle size reduces. However, at low temperature the trend of FM magnetization as a function of the size is found to be reversed. This result is understood in terms of the dominance of surface effects where uncompensated bonds and an increase in the charge density at the surface layers lead to weak ferromagnetism which increases with decreasing size.
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase-2 determines cellular energy dynamics by regulating creatine kinase-B
Authors: Nagpal Latika , Kornberg Michael D. , Albacarys Lauren K. , Snyder Solomon H. 
Published: February 2021

Significance
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 2 (IP6K2) regulates various cellular processes. Here we establish a role for IP6K2 in the brain. IP6K2 deletion leads to impaired mitochondrial function and repression of the cytochrome c1 subunit of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, complex III. IP6K2 deletion also elicits decreased creatine kinase-B, ATP, and phosphocreatine levels as well as enhanced oxidative stress. Restoring ATP levels abrogates mitochondrial deficits and mitigates neuronal death. These observations reveal a unique role for IP6K2 in mitochondrial homeostasis associated with neuroprotection.
Invariant die and adverbial resumption in the
Ghent dialect
Authors: De Clercq Karen , Haegeman Liliane 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This chapter focusses on the apparent V3 pattern
in (1), which is salient
with some speakers of the Ghent dialect: an initial adverbial
constituent in the root clause, vroeger
(‘formerly’), is separated from the finite verb by an optional
‘pleonastic’ (Vanacker
1980) element, die. The element
die has no impact on the truth value of the
proposition it introduces.

(1)

Vroeger,
(die)
bakten
wij
vier
soorten
brood

Formerly

(die)

baked

we

four

sorts

bread

‘We used to bake four kinds of bread.’
(Gijzenzele
0.28) (Vanacker
1980: 76)

The chapter focusses on the distribution of
resumptive constituents in Standard Dutch and in the Ghent dialect,
comparing Ghent resumptive die with alternative
adverbial resumptives in the Ghent dialect and with the
corresponding StD resumptives. A first analysis is based on the
Poletto/Wolfe V2 typology, which proposes that the Germanic
languages are characterised by a Force-V2 requirement, meaning that
the finite verb moves to Force, via Fin. We argue – in line with the
literature – that the resumptive adverbial dan in
StD and the Ghent dialect is phrasal, it merges TP-internally, moves
via SpecFinP to SpecForceP and satisfies the Force V2-constraint. A
constituent preceding resumptive dan is
clause-external. In contrast, resumptive die in the
Ghent dialect is a head which spells out Force. Because Force is
spelt out by die, the finite verb halts in Fin. The
final part of the chapter speculates on an alternative analysis in
terms of a fully articulated left periphery in which
die is a variant of Force that is specifically
involved in the indirect satisfaction of LP criteria on Top and
Foc.
On the syntactic representation of Chinese you (有) in
“you + VP” construction
Authors: Li Fuqiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper aims at drawing the syntactic maps of
you(有 lit. have) in
“you + VP” construction in Chinese within the
cartographic framework (Rizzi
1997; Cinque
1999, and much subsequent work) and splitting IP on the
basis of Huang (1988).
More precisely, a syntax-semantic mismatch of you
is observed in the literature, namely, previous studies claim that
you can convey several semantic readings, for
instance, past tense, future tense, perfective, as well as
(emphatic) affirmative reading; its syntactic representation,
however, is put under the syntactic node of I/T (Huang 1988, etc.). This
paper first verifies the features on you and then offers a
cartographic account to this mismatch. The results show that
you only conveys the perfective feature and the
(emphatic) affirmative feature, and it is spelled out at the phrasal
lever under AffP. Besides, a You-Support Hypothesis
in Chinese is suggested.
How can one explain “deviant” linguistic functioning in terminology?
Authors: Condamines Anne 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article looks at so-called “deviant” functioning in terminology. The notion of deviancy seems to be situated
in relation to a “neutral” functioning of the language, which does not take any particular communication situation into account.
The article aims to show that this supposed deviancy has to be related to the communication situation itself, which, in the
present case, implies specialised knowledge. Rather than just being deviancies, it is argued that these linguistic formulations
are a tangible manifestation of the specificity of the communication situation. Three types of explanation are put forward for
their use: linguistic (linguistic prolixity and linguistic economy), sociolinguistic, and cognitive. Each type is exemplified by
various studies.
Mind over body: Creating an external focus for sport skills
Authors: Singh Harjiv , Wulf Gabriele 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTIn a recent study examining the efficacy of different external foci (Singh and Wulf [2020]. The distance effect and level of expertise: Is the optimal external focus different for low‐skilled and high‐skilled performers? Human Movement Science, 73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2020.102663), an external focus instruction referred to parts of the body (arms). Specifically, the image of a “platform” was used to describe the area between the wrists and elbows when passing a volleyball. The present study followed up on that study by addressing the question whether a focus on an image that represents a body part (platform) would be more effective than a focus on the body parts (arms) themselves (i.e. internal focus). In a within‐participant design, novice volleyball players continuously passed a volleyball to a target on the wall. Participants completed eight 45‐s trials under each of the external (“focus on your platform”) and internal focus (“focus on your arms”) conditions, performed in a counterbalanced order. The results showed that the total score (i.e. sum of scores over 45 s) was significantly higher when participants focused on the platform rather than their arms. Thus, invoking an image of an external object that “replaces” a body part can serve to promote an external focus that results in immediate performance advantages compared with an internal focus on the same body part. The findings suggest that instructors within a range of applied settings can creatively use such images to facilitate the performance of motor skills.Highlights
The image of an object (“platform”) is used to promote an external focus in volleyball.
Novice volleyball players pass a ball to a target with a focus on the platform versus arms.
Passing accuracy is superior with an external (platform) relative to an internal focus (arms).
Using the image of an object to “replace” a body part can promote an external focus of attention.
Sleep pattern and staging in elite adolescent rugby players during the in‐season competitive phase compared to an age matched non‐athlete population
Authors: Saidi Oussama , Pereira Bruno , Peyrel Paul , Maso Freddy , Doré Eric , Rochette Emmanuelle , Ratel Sébastien , Walrand Stéphane , Duché Pascale 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTYoung athletes must contend with the constraints of elite sports on top of school commitments and the physiological processes associated with adolescence. This study assessed week and weekend sleep and schedule of activities in elite adolescent rugby players during the in‐season competitive phase compared with age‐matched non‐athlete controls. 32 adolescents (GR: 16 elite rugby players, GC: 16 controls) from the same boarding school filled out a daily schedule of activities and a sleep diary, and wore a multichannel electroencephalogram for 14 days. They later filled out questionnaires on their sleep quality, sleepiness, and perceived stress. Both groups showed insufficient sleep duration during the week (<7 h). Only GC caught up on their sleep debt during the weekend (increased TIB, TST and time spent in REM sleep, all p < 0.001). Weekend TIB, TST and, N3 sleep remained similar to that for weekdays in GR. However, GR experienced lower sleep quality (decreased SE, increased WASO, all p < 0.01) and a decrease in REM sleep (p < 0.01). Schedules of activities showed an increase in time spent on overall activities during the weekend, mainly due to competition and sport‐specific travel, which resulted in a decrease in sleep opportunity time compared with GC (p < 0.001). Δ sleep opportunity time (weekend‐week) was associated with Δ TST (weekend‐week), and Δ TST (weekend‐week) was associated with sleepiness and perceived stress. Busy schedules during the competitive season decreased sleep opportunity time and prevented elite adolescent rugby players from catching up on their sleep at weekends.HIGHLIGHTS
Adolescent rugby players have insufficient sleep during both week and weekend of the in‐season competitive phase
Congested schedule prevented elite adolescent rugby players from catching up on their sleep at weekends.
Sleep considerations are necessary when planning the weekend sporting schedules
The distortion of laser beams in a burst mode dye laser with 10 kHz repetition rates
Authors: Zhou Zhigang , Chen Deying , Li Xudong , Chen Zhaodong , Dong Zhiwei , Fan Rongwei , Jiang Yugang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the distortion of laser beams in the burst of a burst mode dye laser at 10 kHz repetition rates is researched dynamically. The distortion caused by the thermal lens effects is shown when the repetition rates surpass 2.5 kHz, and is observed emerging 100 μs after the first pulse in the burst. The deflection angles between the laser beams of the first pulse in the burst and each pulse in the burst are measured to describe the distortion. The deflection angles increase to the steady states 400 μs after the first pulse. The maximum deflection angles increase from 0.5 mrad to 0.85 mrad at 10 kHz with the pump pulse energies increasing from 12 mJ to 30 mJ, and increase from 0.23 mrad to 0.4 mrad at 5 kHz with the pump pulse energies increasing from 12 mJ to 30 mJ. The results show that the distortion increases when the pump pulse energies and the repetition rates of the dye laser increase.
Charged torus-like black holes as heat engines
Authors: Feng Hanwen , Huang Yuchen , Hong Wei , Tao Jun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe investigate the thermodynamical properties of charged torus-like black holes and take it as the working substance to study the heat engines. In the extended phase space, by interpreting the cosmological constant as the thermodynamic pressure, we derive the thermodynamical quantities by the first law of black hole thermodynamics and obtain the equation of state. Then, we calculate the efficiency of the heat engine in the Carnot cycle as well as the rectangular cycle, and investigate how the efficiency changes with respect to volume. In addition, to avoid a negative temperature, we emphasize that the charge of this black hole cannot be arbitrary. Last, we check the calculation accuracy of a benchmark scheme and discuss the upper bound and lower bound for charged torus-like black hole in the scheme.