bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DAMAGE ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY FROM RESPIRATORY CANCER IN THE TOMSK REGION (2005–2016)
Authors: Zhuikova L. D. , Choynzonov E. L. , Ananina O. A. , Zhuikova A. S. , Polychuk T. V. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction. A significant component in the system analysis of anti-cancer activities is the assessment of the impact of mortality on life expectancy, which indicates the social and economic situation in the region.Material and methods. The economic damage caused by laryngeal and lung cancer mortality in the Tomsk region for the period 2005–2016 was analyzed using the database of the regional cancer registry and local agency of federal state statistics service of the tomsk region.Results. The loss of the male working population ranged from 106.0 (2012–2013) to 161.5 (2008–2009) person/years of lifetime from larynx cancer and from 1058.5 (2013–2014) to 1576.3 (2006–2007) person/years of lifetime from lung cancer. The female working population lost up to 34.0 (2013–2014) person/years of lifetime due to mortality from larynx cancer and from 1445.3 (2005–2006) to 2553.9 (2015–2016) person/years of lifetime from lung cancer. The average number of undelivered years in working age due to the premature death of one man averaged 6.1 ± 2.0 years from larynx cancer and 11.1 ± 1.3 from lung cancer, one woman averaged 4.6 ± 0.9 years from larynx cancer and 6.2 ± 0.3 years from lung cancer. Economic losses associated with mortality from cancer of the respiratory system amounted to 2.251.97 million rubles: 202.07 million rubles from laryngeal cancer and 2.049.90 million rubles from lung cancer.Conclusion. The quantitative analysis of social and economic losses associated with mortality from cancer of the respiratory system enables the regional health authorities to develop and implement anti-cancer interventions to maximize the use of funds for the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of cancer patients.
CONTRAST-ENHANCED COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC CHOLANGIOGRAPHY IN DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF THE MALIGNANT AND BENIGN CAUSES OF BILIARY OBSTRUCTION
Authors: Zarubin V. V. , Kurazhov A. P. , Zavadovskaja V. D. , Rodionova O. V. , Tonkikh O. S. , Klinovitskiy I. Yu. , Zorkaltsev M. A. , Haritonkin V. I. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Determination of the cause of cholestasis and treatment of patients with obstructive jaundice syndrome remains challenging owing to the steady rise in diseases of the hepatopancreatoduodenal zone and the high frequency of diagnostic errors. In the differential diagnosis of the causes of obstructive jaundice, diagnostic imaging techniques are of the greatest importance. In the world literature, there are few reports on the assessment of the diagnostic potential of multispiral computed tomography under conditions of direct contrasting of the biliary tree using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, or through pre-installed palliative drainage in the bile ducts. There is no generally accepted algorithm for determining the causes of biliary obstruction. It leads to ineffective use of various diagnostic imaging techniques, complicating the diagnostic process.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced ct cholangiography (ct-cg) in the differential diagnosis of causes of malignant and benign biliary obstruction in cases with obstructive jaundice syndrome.Material and methods. The study included 55 patients with obstructive jaundice, who were treated in a surgical hospital from july 2016 to july 2019.Results. It was found that contrast ct-cg in diagnosing the causes of biliary obstruction of both malignant and benign genesis is more informative than x-ray endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. The diagnostic efficacy of ct-cg in detecting causes of malignant biliary obstruction was: 93.3% sensitivity, 92.9% specificity, and 93.1% accuracy. The diagnostic efficacy of ct-cg in detecting causes of benign biliary obstruction was: 92.9%, 93.3% and 93.1%, respectively.Conclusion. Based on the high accuracy, contrast-enhanced ct-cg is a promising imaging technique in cases with bile duct obstruction.
DECOMPRESSIVE LAMINECTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH SPINE METASTASIS
Authors: Derzhavin V. A. , Bukharov A. V. , Yadrina A. V. , Yerin D. A. 
Published: August 2021

The aim is to present the experience of treating patients with spinal metastases, who underwent decompression laminectomy with posterior stabilization.Material and methods. The study included 326 patients with spine metastasis, who underwent posterior thoracic laminectomy (199, 61 %) and lumbar laminectomy (127, 39 %). The mean age of patients was 63 (range, 29–78 years). There were 91 (28 %) males and 235 (72 %) females. Breast cancer was diagnosed in 137 (42 %) patients, kidney cancer in 69 (21 %) patients, prostate cancer in 39 (12 %) patients, lung cancer in 19 (6 %) patients, colorectal cancer in 16 (5 %) patients, thyroid cancer in 13 (4 %) patients, and the remaining 10 % of patients accounted for other more rare forms of malignanciesResults. The mean time of surgery was 95 min. (55–245 min.). Intraoperative blood loss volume was 245 ml (150–3200 ml). The mean hospital stay was 8 days (5–20 days). The pain intensity according to vas reduced in 160 (49 %) patients. According to the frankel classification system, neurological status improved in 85 (26 %) patients. Neurological deterioration was observed in 7 (2 %) patients. Intra-and early-/late postoperative complications were observed in 66 (20 %) patients. Traumatic dural tears occurred in 16 (5 %) patients. Infection rate was 4.5 %. Cardiac complications were observed in 12 (3.5 %) patients. Postoperative hematoma was revealed in 7 (2.4 %) patients.Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that patients with metastatic spine disease represent a difficult group of patients for surgical treatment because of a high risk of developing postoperative complications, the most serious of which are neurological disorders with paraplegia and other fatal outcomes. Nevertheless, modern surgical techniques can improve the quality of life of these patients, improve psycho-emotional abilities and avoid disability.
Revenue augmentation through improved water supply services: a case study of the SMART-WASA team of Faisalabad, Pakistan
Authors: Ogata R. , Segawa S. , Rashid S. , Nakayama H. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Water and Sanitation Agency of Faisalabad has tried to increase its revenue by increasing both its water demands and total number of customers. To this end, a pilot activity was implemented. Two selected pilot areas were hydraulically separated to increase water pressures within the areas. The results showed that the durations of water supply increased from 3.5 to 12 hours and from 6 to 18 hours per day in the pilot areas. The water pressure in each pilot area increased from 2 to 10 m and from 3 to 18 m, respectively. Wastewater contamination was also eliminated after increasing the water pressure. Customers were informed of these achievements through workshops, flyers, and banners on streets, which encouraged them to shift from a flat rate system to a metering system. Consequently, the total billed amounts for two pilot areas in March 2019 increased by 65.0% and 97.0%, compared with those from November 2016. The bill collection ratios also increased from 48.2% to 56.9% and from 48.1% to 60.6% during pilot activities. Improving services of water supply utilities through the formation of a water distribution area with an increase in water pressure is recommended as an effective method for revenue augmentation.
Impact of meteorological drought on agriculture production at different scales in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Waseem Muhammad , Khurshid Tahira , Abbas Adnan , Ahmad Ijaz , Javed Zeeshan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The present study aimed to quantify the impacts of the meteorological drought on the production of maize crops, using district-level observed precipitation and yield data of 21 districts across Punjab, Pakistan from 2001 to 2020. The overall analysis showed that the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) effectively reflects the variations in drought characteristics in Punjab on spatiotemporal scales. It also resulted that in south Punjab, the maize yield was negatively affected by the meteorological drought, and yield was sensitive to short-term (1 and 3 months) drought during the critical growth period of the crop. The overall analysis depicted that the meteorological drought was associated with about 27% of overall yield variations. Moreover, all of the southern districts and few districts from Central Punjab were becoming increasingly sensitive to meteorological drought where significant spatial variations in drought effects and sensitivity exist over time. Conclusively, this study showed a spatiotemporal pattern of drought and its impact on maize yield, indicating that the districts where variability in maize production was significantly associated with drought and recommend adoption of the management strategies and mitigation measures.
Use of reclaimed water for unreinforced concrete block production for the self-construction of houses
Authors: Gulamussen N. J. , Arsénio A. M. , Matsinhe N. P. , Manjate R. S. , Rietveld L. C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExperiments were conducted to evaluate the possibilities of using treated wastewater for the production of unreinforced concrete blocks. Compressive strength, water absorption and morphology tests of concrete blocks, produced from different makeups of mixing water, drinking water, drinking water spiked with ammonium and phosphate, and the effluent of the city's wastewater treatment plant, were evaluated. Results showed that the compressive strength of blocks manufactured using treated wastewater was as high as of the blocks produced using drinking water. Ammonium, phosphate and chlorine were found not to have a negative effect on the strength of the blocks. Water absorption tests confirmed the results of the compressive strength, as lower humidity was found in cases of higher strength. In the process of cement hydration, crystals of calcium silicate and calcium hydroxide were observed by morphology tests. From the variability in the results, it could be concluded that the quality of the mixing water was not the only factor that influenced the strength of the unreinforced concrete blocks. The observed differences in strength could, for example, also be attributed to the manufacturing process.
The applicability of LID facilities as an adaptation strategy of urban CSOs management for climate change
Authors: Kim Kyungmin , Kim Ryoungeun , Choi Jeonghyeon , Kim Sangdan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The magnitude and frequency of extreme rainfall due to climate change is increasing. Increasing rainfall causes serious hydrological problems in cities. Rainfall does not infiltrate the soil, but mostly flows through the sewer pipes into the stream. Most old urban watersheds have combined sewer pipes. When rainfall exceeds the capacity of the combined sewer pipes, sewage mixed with stormwater overflows the sewer pipes and flows directly into the stream. This is called Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs). CSOs enter the stream with non-point source pollutants accumulated on the surface and pollute the stream. CSOs are one of the major water quality problems in older urban watersheds. This can be solved by replacing the combined sewer pipes with separated sewer pipes, but in reality it requires astronomical costs. As an alternative, the Low Impact Development (LID) technique has recently been introduced. In this study, we analyzed the effects of climate change on CSOs in urban watersheds and applied LID techniques to offset the effects. The LID facility was applied with the most commonly used Bio-Retention cells.
The applications of Canadian water quality index for ground and surface water quality assessments of Chilanchil Abay watershed: The case of Bahir Dar city waste disposal site
Authors: Haile Dargie , Gabbiye Nigus 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Surface water and groundwater have been experiencing increasing risks of contamination in recent years because of the poor management of the immense amounts of waste created by different human activities. Inappropriate dump sites have served for many years as marginal disposal sites for a wide range of wastes, including solid waste, fresh sewage and hazardous waste, in developing nations such as Ethiopia. Physical, anthropogenic and organic procedures continuously interact to deteriorate the waste. One of the results of these practices is artificially contaminated leachate, which is potentially hazardous waste from disposal sites. If not managed appropriately, such a dumping site can contaminate groundwater (through leachates) and surface water (through contaminant transport by flooding and groundwater movement). Along these lines, this study focuses on the applications of water quality index in the ground and surface water quality caused by the waste disposal site of Bahir Dar city within the Chilanchil Abay during the study period. Water testing was performed on five samples of surface water and six samples of groundwater in each month from 30th March (dry season) to 20th August (wet season). More than 13 water quality parameters, for example, pH, TDS, electrical conductivity, turbidity, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), TH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), TC, NO3−, PO43−, Cr, Mn, and Pb contents, were examined in both ground and surface water. It was discovered that water quality status of the Chilanchil Abay watershed ranges from 15.87 to 36.6 for surface water and 42 to 46.2 for groundwater suggesting poor and marginal status for drinking water purpose.
Effect of fouling resistance in heat exchanger and the crystal form of CaCO3 in hard circulating cooling water with electrostatic field and alternating current electric field
Authors: Xu Jing , Zhao Ju-Dong , Jia Yun , Li Ting , Yang Shuai-Bing , Zhang Zhi-Hao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The effect of high voltage electrostatic field and high voltage alternating current electric field on the heat exchanger surface fouling under the conditions of hard water was investigated. The Ca2+ concentration in two water conditions was 12 mmol/L. The Mg2+ concentration was 10 mmol/L and 12 mmol/L respectively. The concentration changed with the Mg2+ concentration. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope results confirmed that the main crystal phases of the scale samples consisted of calcite and aragonite. The high voltage electrostatic treatment can promote scale growth under both water quality conditions. However, the high voltage alternating current electric field treatment shows a good scale inhibition effect under both water quality conditions, and the scale inhibition effect is best when both Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations are 12 mmol/L, and the average scale inhibition rate reaches 47.58%. When the calcite content of the scale sample is significantly higher than that of aragonite, Mg2+ affects the growth and solubility of crystals. Conversely, the high voltage alternating current electric field treatment can effectively extend the fouling induction period of the adherent scale on the heat exchanger surface, which is favorable for heat exchanger fouling.
The history of the foundation of the Ascension of the Virgin Mary Uniate parish in Gródek in the light of 18th century church inspections
Authors: Frykowski Janusz Adam 
Published: August 2021

Gródek is a country village whose origin dates back to at least the fifteen century. The first written record of the village dates from 1409. In it is found acknowledgment of Wołczko Rekutowicz from Gródek as one of the founders and a supplier of furnishings to the local church. Originally belonging to the Duchy of Belz, the village together with the Duchy, was incorporated into the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland in 1462. After the first partition of Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth, Gródek was annexed by the Habsburg Empire, then it became part of the Duchy of Warsaw and following the joint resolutions of the Congress of Vienna it was given to Russia. Today the village situated at the Huczwa river administratively belongs to Jarczow gmina (commune) as part of Tomaszów poviat in Lubelskie Province.
During the period the piece of research covers, Gródek was mostly inhabited by Russian people and was an Orthodox parish. It in turn became a Greek Catholic parish following the Union of Brest. The first written record of an Orthodox Church comes from 1507 while 17th century documents confirm the existence of a Uniate parish.
Having analyzed post- visitation protocols, it might be deduced that it was awooden church poorly equipped with ecclesiastical utensils. There was also a bell tower and a cemetery alongside the church. It has been determined a paroch (parish priest) had some arable land as well as grassland at his disposal to support himself. Furthermore, he collected various ecclesiastical fees from his parishioners. From the period of time this research is focused on, personal information of 4 parochs as well as the approximate number of parishioners that varied between 14 and 70 has been established. Furthermore, the church is known to have been functioning in 1772 but it fell into ruin before 1798 after which the parishioners from Gródek attended the branch church in Podlodów.
The clergy and the nobility during the 1540s and 1550s of the sixteenth century
Authors: Godlewski Łukasz 
Published: August 2021

The Executionist movement’s programme from the beginning of its existence revoked the privileges of the clergy not only in the legal but also in the economic field. The Chamber of Deputies wanted: the clerical estate holders to perform military service, the abolition of tithes, the taxation of the church, to devote “annats” to the defence of the country and jurisdictional demarcation between secular and ecclesiastical courts . The Chamber of Deputies, fighting against the clergy favoured by the king, unified their demands in order to act boldly in defence of their rights and gain new privileges. The final demands of the Executionist movement were formulated during the development of the Reformation and the transitional period caused by the change of the monarchs in the Republic of Nobles. The cumulation of these mechanisms in the middle of the 16th century not only stimulated the development and power of the Executionist movement but also intensified the conflict of interest between the clergy and nobility. The progress of the Reformation was accompanied by a growing dissatisfaction with the jurisdiction of the ecclesiastical courts over the nobility. The Chamber of Deputies formulated their suppositions depending on the situation outside and inside the country. The bishops failed to enforce the enforcement of judgments of the ecclesiastical courts. However, the right of sole judicial powers to pass verdicts connected with faith and religion were not taken away from the clergymen. It was just the opposite. Zygmunt August approved this privilege of the priests and at the same time executing verdicts on peerage was suspended. This case was, however, not completed and that is why succeeding parliaments worked on it further. The representatives of gentry did not manage to tax the income of church, despite serious efforts to do so. The king tried persistently to unite both political camps. However, the overextending of the whole Executionist programme by the representatives prevented the achieving of a compromise or any similar outcome.
How should a woman behave and what are her duties? Guidelines for women presented in the selected sermons of Gilbert of Tournai
Authors: Głusiuk Anna 
Published: August 2021

The article presents the opinions of the 13th-century preacher Gilbert of Tournai on the duties of girls, wives and widows. Gilbert, seeing a great lack of women’s education addressed them in his sermons and indicated which behaviours were proper and which should be changed or avoided. His sermons show how the woman was seen, as well as what her position and role were in 13th-century French society.
The administrators of the Kraśnik provostship of Canons Regular of the Lateran from its foundation to its reform in 1628
Authors: Łatak Kazimierz 
Published: August 2021

Summary
This article focuses on the provostship of the monastery of the Canons Regular of the Lateran in Kraśnik from its foundation in May 1468 to the reform of 1620-1627. Founded by Jan Rabsztynski of Tęczyn, the owner of the Kraśnik estate, the convent was considered as a prominent center of religious, social, and cultural activity in the Lublin Region. Therefore, studying its history, culture, and religious activity is important in understanding the history of the town and the region. The culture of the monastery influenced the culture of the local environment, while the culture of the surrounding area left its traces in the culture and activities of the convent.
A Inserção da Mulher no Futebol
Authors: Nascimento Anna Tharyne , Niemeyer da Rocha Fátima 
Published: August 2021

Resumo
Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, de caráter transversal e analítico, cuja amostra foi composta de 17 (dezessete) mulheres praticantes de futebol feminino amador, com idade entre 18 e 32 anos, residentes no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O estudo teve como objetivo investigar os sentimentos suscitados nas mulheres quando da sua inserção e participação no futebol feminino. Além disso, investigou o papel da Psicologia do Esporte na inclusão da mulher nesse esporte. Os problemas de base que nortearam a investigação envolveram as seguintes indagações: de que forma as mulheres se sentem ao se inserirem num esporte predominantemente masculino? Qual é o papel da Psicologia do Esporte na inclusão da mulher nesse contexto? Mesmo com o aumento significativo, nos últimos anos, da participação das mulheres nesse universo masculinizado, o papel feminino ainda tem pouca visibilidade. A metodologia utilizada envolveu um questionário com 10 (dez) questões abertas. Os resultados apontaram para uma mudança no processo de inclusão da mulher no futebol feminino, associada a uma maior liberdade da mulher na prática desse esporte. Mesmo esse espaço esportivo sendo um ambiente de domínio masculino e repleto de preconceitos a figura feminina vem ganhando espaço e conseguindo de forma gradativa consolidar condições adequadas para sua prática no futebol feminino.