bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRILOG PROMIŠLJANJU OBLIKOVANJA HRVATSKIH GRANICA U POVIJESNOJ I SUVREMENOJ PERSPEKTIVI
Authors: Mlinarić Dubravka , Gregurović Snježana 
Published: May 2021

Autorice se bave određenim aspektima oblikovanja granica u prošlosti i suvremenosti
na prostorima današnje Hrvatske iz sociološke i povijesne perspektive.
Nastoje kontekstualizirati neke okolnosti pod kojima se granice između zemalja
uspostavljaju, održavaju i mijenjaju. Granice se obično konstruiraju kako bi isključivale
Druge i/ili strance, a kao društveni proizvod čije se značenje s vremenom
mijenja one uvijek određuju pripadnost. One se s jedne strane tiču ograničenja,
podjela, konflikata i isključivanja između etničkih/nacionalnih skupina, ali i
procesa proširivanja, uključivanja i redefiniranja u skladu s političkim interesima
na lokalnim, regionalnim, nacionalnim i nadnacionalnim razinama. Upotrebom
interdisciplinarnog pristupa u komparativnoj perspektivi preispituju se uloge i
značenja rubnosti hrvatskih granica u ranom novom vijeku, kada su, gotovo na
istim mjestima kao i danas, granice predstavljale civilizacijsku periferiju i konfesionalno
definiranu barijeru prema Drugome (Antemurale Christianitatis). Provedena
analiza pokazala je da uloga granice Republike Hrvatske, među ostalim, pridonosi
obrani Fortress Europe (Šengenskog područja) od neregularnih migracija,
odnosno migranata kao Drugih. U radu je na izabranim slučajevima utvrđeno da
političke elite, ovisno o svojim interesima, oblikuju i upravljaju granicom, čineći
je (ne)propusnom za kretanje kapitala, usluga i ljudi. Pritom je svakodnevica lokalnog
stanovništva na granici često bila, a i danas jest u opreci s proklamiranim
politikama ograničenja nametnutima odozgo, pretvarajući granicu od prepreke
u mjesto razmjene i suradnje. S druge strane, pokazalo se da fragmentacija europskog
prostora i jačanje nacionalnih interesa umjesto proklamiranom idealu
„Europa bez granica“ vodi osnaživanju „Europe granica“.
HRVATSKI OTOCI – UVID U PROMETNOGEOGRAFSKE ZNAČAJKE DOSTUPNOSTI
Authors: Marinković Veni 
Published: May 2021

Dostupnost otoka, kao specifičnih prostornih cjelina okruženih sa svih strana
morem, neizostavni je preduvjet za njihovu fizičku i funkcionalnu integraciju s
kopnom. U radu se postavlja koncept dostupnosti otočnog prostora Hrvatske te
se kvantitativno i kvalitativno analiziraju glavne odrednice: prometna povezanost,
trajanje putovanja, vremenska dostupnost, tip prometne linije te prilagođenost
rasporeda plovidbe otočnim potrebama, za čiji je izračun korišten postojeći raspored
plovidbe za 2018. godine. Rezultati pokazuju zonalnu distribuciju skupina
otoka s obzirom na razmatranu vremensku dostupnost, kao i nepovoljnije kvantitativne
i kvalitativne pokazatelje dostupnosti kod površinski i populacijski manjih,
te od kopna udaljenijih otoka.
ANALIZA REKREACIJSKE FUNKCIJE ODABRANIH ZELENIH POVRŠINA U GRADU ZAGREBU – RAZLIKE U NAVIKAMA POSJETITELJA
Authors: Opačić Vuk Tvrtko , Gašparović Slaven , Dolenc Nika 
Published: May 2021

Rad se bavi istraživanjem rekreacijske funkcije zelenih površina s aspekta navika
posjetitelja na primjeru Grada Zagreba. Istraživanje počiva na neposrednom anketiranju
491 posjetitelja tijekom radnog i neradnog dana na trima zelenim površinama:
Zrinjevcu (primjer parka u središtu grada), Jarunu (primjer rekreacijskesportske
zone na rubu grada) i Trgu Ivana Kukuljevića (primjer parka u susjedstvu
u stambenom naselju Špansko). Uz deskriptivnu statistiku, primijenjene su statističke
metode hi-kvadrat test, jednosmjerna analiza varijance (ANOVA) i t-test.
Na temelju utvrđenih razlika izdvojeni su različiti tipovi zelenih površina u gradu
te je pobliže razmotrena njihova rekreacijska funkcija. Istraživanjem je ustanovljena
povezanost među različitim tipovima zelenih površina, njihovim rekreacijskim
funkcijama i razlozima odabira određene zelene površine kao mjesta za rekreaciju.
Rezultati istraživanja prilog su boljem poznavanju navika i obilježja rekreacijskih
kretanja posjetitelja u pojedinim tipovima zelenih površina u Zagrebu radnim i
neradnim danom. Moguće ih je primijeniti u kvalitetnijem osmišljavanju rekreacijske
ponude na zelenim površinama,
APPLICATION OF CATCHMENT AREA METHOD FOR DETERMINING POST OFFICE ACCESSIBILITY: CASE STUDY BJELOVAR-BILOGORA COUNTY
Authors: Mostarac Katarina , Kavran Zvonko , Feletar Petar 
Published: May 2021

Accessibility of postal access points is an important part that service providers, as
well as regulatory bodies should consider when planning postal network capacities.
This is important for the provision of the universal postal service. In this
paper, accessibility of post offices is determined by the application of the Two
Step Floating Catchment Area method (2SFCA). Geographic Information System
(GIS) was used for spatial analysis of postal network, locations, calculation of
distances, application of the method and presentation of the results. The current
regulatory framework is validated by using catchment area derived from the regulatory
criterion.
Prilog poznavanju hrvatsko-srbijanskoga graničnog spora u Hrvatskom podunavlju – historijsko-geografski i suvremeni aspekti
Authors: Vukosav Branimir , Matijević Zvonimir 
Published: May 2021

Višestoljetno postojanje hrvatskih zemalja u okvirima različitih političko-geografskih okvira, kao i njihov granični položaj između civilizacijski i kulturno različitih i često suprotstavljenih političko-teritorijalnih cjelina uvjetovali su proces vrlo dinamičnih političkih, teritorijalnih i demografskih mijena koje su u postupno oblikovale današnje granice suvremene Republike Hrvatske. Od takovoga historijsko-geografskog dinamizma nije bilo iznimka ni područje Hrvatskoga podunavlja, odnosno prostor suvremene državne granice Republike Hrvatske sa susjednom Srbijom. Geneza hrvatske državne granice u tom području najvećim je dijelom novijega datuma, no njen nastanak 1945. kao republičke granice između Hrvatske i Srbije u sklopu novonastale komunističke Jugoslavije posredno je uvjetovan historijsko-geografskim procesima koji su mu prethodili od vremena rimskih provincija Panonije i Dalmacije pa sve do kraja Drugoga svjetskog rata. Osamostaljenjem Republike Hrvatske i drugih republika bivše Jugoslavije dolazi do niza otvorenih granično-teritorijalnih pitanja stvorenih translacijom republičkih granica u međudržavne, od čega nije izuzeta ni navedena istočna granica Hrvatske. Njen sjeverni dio koji je vezan uz tok rijeke Dunav postaje predmetom spora Hrvatske najprije sa SR Jugoslavijom, a potom i sa Srbijom, ponajprije zbog činjenice da čin preciznog određenja granice nikad nije proveden, te zbog suprotstavljenih geografskih i pravnih interpretacija o njenom pružanju.
Historijsko-geografskom analizom nastanka i razvoja hrvatsko-srbijanske granice u Hrvatskom podunavlju u 20. stoljeću, u radu se kontekstualizira aktualni hrvatsko-srbijanski granični spor na dijelu međusobne granice vezanom uz rijeku Dunav. Pregledom historijsko-geografskih čimbenika, kao i vrednovanjem stajališta dviju zemalja po pitanju spora u svjetlu međunarodno-pravne prakse nastoji se donijeti relevantne zaključke o razgraničenju Hrvatske i Srbije u području Hrvatskoga podunavlja.

Ključne riječi: Hrvatsko podunavlje, granice, Dunav, historijsko-geografski razvoj, granični spor
Evaluation of oxidative stress in seminal plasma of adolescents with varicocele
Authors: Barradas Valéria , Pereira Antoniassi Mariana , Intasqui Paula , Nichi Marcilio , Pimenta Bertolla Ricardo , Montagnini Spaine Deborah 
Published: May 2021

Varicocele, defined by a dilation of efferent testicular veins, is the most commonly identifiable, surgically correctable lesion associated with male-factor infertility, starts at puberty and causes a progressive decline in fertility potential. The pathophysiology of infertility caused by this disease is still poorly understood, but it is suggested that the main mechanism is oxidative stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify if the varicocele is associated with changes in enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms and seminal plasma lipid peroxidation levels in adolescents. We recruited 90 adolescents that were divided into control (C; n  = 27); varicocele and normal semen (VNS; n  =46); varicocele and altered semen (VAS; n  =17). Seminal and serum levels of lipid peroxidation were quantified by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Seminal plasma antioxidant profile was evaluated by the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The VAS group had increased lipid peroxidation levels when compared to the other groups. The levels of serum lipid peroxidation and activities of the enzymes SOD and GPx did not differ between groups. CAT was undetectable by the method used. In conclusion, in adolescents with varicocele and altered semen analysis, there is an increase in seminal lipid peroxidation levels compared to adolescents with varicocele and without seminal change and adolescents without evident varicocele. However, the observed oxidative stress is not caused by a decrease in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, which did not differ between adolescents with and without evident varicocele.

Lay Summary
Varicocele, defined by a dilation of efferent testicular veins, is the most commonly identifiable, surgically correctable lesion associated with male-factor infertility, starts at puberty and causes a progressive decline in fertile potential. There is still much that is not understood regarding how exactly it affects semen quality, but most studies agree that oxidative stress, which is defined as excessive amounts of free radicals in relation to antioxidant defense, is an important mechanism. In this study, we aimed to verify if the varicocele is associated with changes in antioxidant defense and semen oxidation in 90 adolescents with and without varicocele. In adolescents with varicocele and abnormal semen, there is an increase in semen oxidation compared to controls or to the group with varicocele and normal semen quality. Our results can help to understand how varicocele leads to infertility in adolescents, identifying changes in oxidative activity in semen, since the onset of varicocele and before damage to sperm production can be detected.
Integrative modeling of transmitted and de novo variants identifies novel risk genes for congenital heart disease
Authors: Li Mo , Zeng Xue , Jin Chentian , Jin Sheng Chih , Dong Weilai , Brueckner Martina , Lifton Richard , Lu Qiongshi , Zhao Hongyu 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundWhole‐exome sequencing (WES) studies have identified multiple genes enriched for de novo mutations (DNMs) in congenital heart disease (CHD) probands. However, risk gene identification based on DNMs alone remains statistically challenging due to heterogenous etiology of CHD and low mutation rate in each gene.MethodsIn this manuscript, we introduce a hierarchical Bayesian framework for gene‐level association test which jointly analyzes de novo and rare transmitted variants. Through integrative modeling of multiple types of genetic variants, gene‐level annotations, and reference data from large population cohorts, our method accurately characterizes the expected frequencies of both de novo and transmitted variants and shows improved statistical power compared to analyses based on DNMs only.ResultsApplied to WES data of 2,645 CHD proband‐parent trios, our method identified 15 significant genes, half of which are novel, leading to new insights into the genetic bases of CHD.ConclusionThese results showcase the power of integrative analysis of transmitted and de novo variants for disease gene discovery.
Mechanical Circulatory Support for Myocarditis Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Jankuvienė Agnė , Ščupakova Nadežda , Urbonas Karolis , Mikelevič Lilė , Drutel Renata , Samalavičius Robertas 
Published: May 2021

Background. Cardiogenic shock caries high mortality and morbidity. Myocarditis patients developing cardiogenic shock refractory to medical treatment might benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or mechanical ventricular assist devices. Methods. A retrospective, single center observational study to assess the rate and outcomes of mechanical circulatory support of patients with fulminant myocarditis related cardiogenic shock. Short-term outcomes were evaluated. The primary endpoint of the study was hospital survival. Results. Two hundred ninetyone patient were supported with short-term mechanical assist devices at our institution during 12 year period. Among them, 4 (1.4%) were treated for myocarditis related cardiogenic shock. All patients were female, with a mean age of 34±4 years. In one case surgically implantable short-term mechanical assist device was used, in other three cases – extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The mean duration of the support was 364±273 hours, mean intensive care unit stay – 35±29 days. Three of four patients were successfully weaned from the support and discharged from the hospital with complete heart function recovery. Conclusion. Patient with fulminant myocarditis, who would have died without the initiation of mechanical circulatory, had favorable short-term outcome with 75% survival rate.
Pemberdayaan Generasi Muda Melalui Pelatihan Wirausahawan Baru di Daerah Ujung Harapan Bahagia Babelan Bekasi
Authors: Kusnawan Aep , Nurazijah Nurazijah 
Published: May 2021

Generasi muda sebagai angkatan kerja dengan populasi terbesar di Daerah Ujung Harapan Bekasi Indonesia. Semangat mereka berwira usaha telah tumbuh, namun umumnya tidak memiliki bekal pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang cukup tentang itu. Akibatnya sering terjadi mengalami kegagalan berwirausaha. Pelatihan ini dilaksanakan untuk melatih para wirausahawan baru tersebut tentang cara memulai wirausaha dengan baik dan benar, meningkatkan kemampuan wirausaha mereka serta menggali faktor-faktor yang menjadi menghambat dan mendukung dalam kewirausahaan. Pelatihan ini menggunakan metode Demonstrasi. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pelatihan yang dilaksanakan sangat menarik perhatian peserta, kemudian membangkitkan semangat wirausaha mereka untuk lebih baik, karena adanya pelatihan ini para peserta sedikit demi sedikit paham dimana letak penyebab terhambatnya kewirausahaan mereka. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan yang diadakan ini cukup berhasil. Kata Kunci: Generasi Muda, Pelatihan, Wirausaha
The Glomerular Slit Diaphragm Is a Modified Adherens Junction
Authors: REISER JOCHEN , KRIZ WILHELM , KRETZLER MATTHIAS , MUNDEL PETER 
Published: May 2021

Abstract.
The glomerular slit diaphragm between podocyte foot processes shares typical morphologic features with an adherens junction. Differentiated cultured podocytes form cellular structures comparable to filtration slits in vivo. At those sites, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) was coexpressed with P-cadherin as well as with α-, β-, and γ-catenin. In situ, P-cadherin was detected at the slit diaphragm in association with ZO-1 as shown by confocal microscopy and immunogold double labeling electron microscopy. P-cadherin expression in vivo and in vitro was confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR. These findings led to the concept that the slit diaphragm represents an adherens junction composed of P-cadherin, α-, β-, and γ-catenin, and ZO-1. In contrast to an adherens junction of a similar composition recently described in cultured fibroblasts, the slit diaphragm complex does not contain vinculin, which was found in nearby focal contacts. A P-cadherinbased adherens junction is well-suited to explain the zipper-like structure of the slit diaphragm. The present study should allow new avenues leading to the identification of additional slit diaphragm-associated proteins conferring specificity to this unique cell junction.
Lipoprotein(a) Serum Concentrations and Apolipoprotein(a) Phenotypes in Mild and Moderate Renal Failure
Authors: KRONENBERG FLORIAN , KUEN ERICH , RITZ EBERHARD , JUNKER RALF , KO[Combining Diaeresis]NIG PAUL , KRAATZ GU[Combining Diaeresis]NTER , LHOTTA KARL , MANN JOHANNES F. E. , MU[Combining Diaeresis]LLER GERHARD A. , NEYER ULRICH , RIEGEL WERNER , RIEGLER PETER , SCHWENGER VEDAT , VON ECKARDSTEIN ARNOLD 
Published: May 2021

Abstract.
High lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) serum concentrations and the underlying apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) phenotypes are risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the general population as well as in patients with renal disease. Lp(a) concentrations are markedly elevated in patients with end-stage renal disease. However, nothing is known about the changes of Lp(a) depending on apo(a) size polymorphism in the earliest stages of renal impairment. In this study, GFR was measured by iohexol technique in 227 non-nephrotic patients with different degrees of renal impairment and was then correlated with Lp(a) serum concentrations stratified according to low (LMW) and high (HMW) molecular weight apo(a) phenotypes. Lp(a) increased significantly with decreasing GFR. Such an increase was dependent on apo(a) phenotype. Only renal patients with HMW apo(a) phenotypes expressed higher median Lp(a) concentrations, i.e., 6.2 mg/dl at GFR >90 ml/min per 1.73 m2, 14.2 at GFR 45 to 90 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and 18.0 mg/dl at GFR <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2. These values were markedly different when compared with apo(a) phenotype-matched control subjects who had a median level of 4.4 mg/dl (ANOVA, linear relationship, P < 0.001). In contrast, no significant differences were observed at different stages of renal function in patients with LMW apo(a) phenotypes when compared with phenotype-matched control subjects. The elevation of Lp(a) was independent of the type of primary renal disease and was not related to the concentration of C-reactive protein. Multiple linear regression analysis found that the apo(a) phenotype and GFR were significantly associated with Lp(a) levels. Non-nephrotic-range proteinuria modified the association between GFR and Lp(a) levels. In summary, an increase of Lp(a) concentrations, compared with apo(a) phenotype-matched control subjects, is seen in non-nephrotic patients with primary renal disease even in the earliest stage when GFR is not yet subnormal. This change is found only in subjects with HMW apo(a) phenotypes, however.
Peritubular Capillary Injury during the Progression of Experimental Glomerulonephritis in Rats
Authors: OHASHI RYUJI , KITAMURA HIROSHI , YAMANAKA NOBUAKI 
Published: May 2021

Abstract.
The functional and morphologic changes occurring in the peritubular capillaries (PTC) of the kidney during the progression of renal disease are not yet completely understood. In this study, the features of PTC disruption observed in a rat anti-glomerular basement membrane-induced glomerulonephritis (GN) model were characterized. Contributions to the progression of the disease made by other interstitial components, including ED-1-positive macrophages and CD3-positive T cells, were also investigated. Within 7 d of inducing GN, severe necrotizing glomerular injuries were observed. Thrombomodulin staining revealed that within 3 to 8 wk, there was a significant (P < 0.001) decline in the number of PTC, accompanied by a marked accumulation of macrophages, T cells, and fibrotic material. By the end of this period, most PTC were severely damaged or lost, and tubulointerstitial scarring was noted in the affected areas. Furthermore, PTC endothelial cell apoptosis occurred concomitantly, as shown by application of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling methods and electron microscopy. It was presumed that the PTC injury was mediated possibly by the infiltrating macrophages and T cells, which, together with destruction of the PTC structure, correlated significantly with the impairment of renal function. These findings suggest that PTC disruption and the subsequent regression of the capillary network may contribute to the development of the tubulointerstitial injury largely responsible for the renal dysfunction in progressive GN.
Chronic Proteinuric Nephropathies. II. Outcomes and Response to Treatment in a Prospective Cohort of 352 Patients
Authors: RUGGENENTI PIERO , PERNA ANNALISA , ZOCCALI CARMINE , GHERARDI GIULIA , BENINI ROBERTO , TESTA ALESSANDRA , REMUZZI GIUSEPPE 
Published: May 2021

Abstract.
In the Ramipril Efficacy in Nephropathy study, ramipril decreased the rate of GFR decline (ΔGFR) and progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in 352 patients with proteinuric chronic nephropathies. This study investigated whether in these patients disease outcome and response to treatment were affected by gender or insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene. ΔGFR (0.43 ± 0.05 versus 0.48 ± 0.08 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and incidence of ESRD (23 and 22%, respectively) were comparable in male and female patients. However, compared to conventional treatment, ramipril decreased ΔGFR (-52% versus -19%) and progression to ESRD (-74% versus -40%) more effectively in women than in men. Thus, the relative risk (95% confidence interval [CI]) of events (ESRD) between conventional and ramipril treatment was 5.52 (1.59 to 19.17, P = 0.003) in women, but only 1.80 (1.08 to 2.97, P = 0.02) in men. This gender-related effect of ramipril was associated with more reduction in proteinuria (-7.8 ± 4.2% versus -21.9 ± 5.7%, P = 0.05) and was still evident even after correction for potentially confounding factors such as baseline GFR, daily sodium intake, ramipril dose, BP control, and concomitant treatment with diuretics or dihydropyridinic calcium channel blockers (adjusted RR [95% CI]: women, 5.07 [1.26 to 20.38], P = 0.02; men, 1.44 [0.85 to 2.44], P = 0.17). Ramipril uniformly decreased ΔGFR and incidence of ESRD in women with either DD (-39% and -100%) or II + ID (-71% and -82%) genotype, and in men (-25% and -50%) with the DD genotype, but had no beneficial effect in men with the II + ID genotype (+18% and +34%). Thus, the relative risk of events (ESRD) between conventional and ramipril-treated men was higher in subjects with the DD genotype (1.85; 0.69 to 4.94) and lower in those with the II ± ID genotype (0.71; 0.28 to 1.80). Again, in parallel with ΔGFR and events, proteinuria decreased in women with DD (-23.3 ± 8.0%) or II + ID (-16.0 ± 9.5%) genotype and in men with the DD genotype (-14.8 ± 7.0%), but did not change in men with II + ID genotype (+1.0 ± 7.8%). Of note, the ACE genotype-related effect of ramipril was still evident even after correction for the above potentially confounding factors (adjusted RR [95% CI]: DD, 2.52 [0.83 to 7.63], P = 0.10; II + ID, 0.35 [0.12 to 1.01], P = 0.05). Thus, among patients with chronic proteinuric nephropathies, men are at increased risk of progression due to their lower response to ACE inhibitor treatment. ACE inhibition is uniformly renoprotective in women regardless of the ACE polymorphism, and in men with the DD genotype, but is virtually devoid of beneficial effects in men with the II or ID genotype. This information may help to guide therapeutic interventions in clinical practice and to interpret the results of prospective trials in chronic renal disease.