bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidation of soot over supported RuRe nanoparticles prepared by the microwave-polyol method
Authors: Adamska Katarzyna , Smykała Szymon , Zieliński Sebastian , Szymański Damian , Hojeńska Agnieszka , Stelmachowski Paweł , Kotarba Andrzej , Okal Janina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe oxidation of soot over RuRe bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) supported on γ-Al2O3 has been investigated. The catalysts were synthesized by a microwave-polyol method and characterized by ICP, BET, TEM, STEM-EDS, XRD and XPS techniques. The study revealed that the proper choice of the Re loading (0.4–2.0 wt%) is crucial for the catalytic behavior of the 2% Ru–Re/Al2O3 nano-catalysts.The best catalytic properties, in terms of overall activity and stability, were observed for the 2%Ru-0.8%Re/γ-Al2O3 nano-catalyst. The stability of all bimetallic 2% Ru–Re nano-catalysts in catalytic soot oxidation in the presence of oxygen is very high in contrast to the 2% Ru/γ-Al2O3 sample. The presence of rhenium in the catalytic system hinder the formation of large RuO2 agglomerates leading to a better dispersion of active ruthenium phase and a better catalytic performance. The relationship between the catalytic activity of Ru–Re/γ-Al2O3 and the synergetic roles of Ru and Re is discussed.
Indeterminism in physics and intuitionistic mathematics
Authors: Gisin Nicolas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMost physics theories are deterministic, with the notable exception of quantum mechanics which, however, comes plagued by the so-called measurement problem. This state of affairs might well be due to the inability of standard mathematics to “speak” of indeterminism, its inability to present us a worldview in which new information is created as time passes. In such a case, scientific determinism would only be an illusion due to the timeless mathematical language scientists use. To investigate this possibility it is necessary to develop an alternative mathematical language that is both powerful enough to allow scientists to compute predictions and compatible with indeterminism and the passage of time. We suggest that intuitionistic mathematics provides such a language and we illustrate it in simple terms.
A bioprocess perspective on the production of secondary metabolites by Streptomyces in submerged co-cultures
Authors: Boruta Tomasz 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFilamentous microorganisms are potent sources of bioactive secondary metabolites, the molecules formed in response to complex environmental signals. The chemical diversity encoded in microbial genomes is only partially revealed by following the standard microbiological approaches. Mimicking the natural stimuli through laboratory co-cultivation is one of the most effective methods of awakening the formation of high-value metabolic products. Whereas the biosynthetic outcomes of co-cultures are reviewed extensively, the bioprocess aspects of such efforts are often overlooked. The aim of the present review is to discuss the submerged co-cultivation strategies used for triggering and enhancing secondary metabolites production inStreptomyces, a heavily investigated bacterial genus exhibiting an impressive repertoire of secondary metabolites, including a vast array of antibiotics. The previously published studies on influencing the biosynthetic capabilities ofStreptomycesthrough co-cultivation are comparatively analyzed in the bioprocess perspective, mainly with the focus on the approaches of co-culture initiation, the experimental setup, the design of experimental controls and the ways of influencing the outcomes of co-cultivation processes. These topics are discussed in the general context of secondary metabolites production in submerged microbial co-cultures by referring to theStreptomyces-related studies as illustrative examples.
C-F bond activation under transition-metal-free conditions
Authors: Ai Han-Jun , Ma Xingxing , Song Qiuling , Wu Xiao-Feng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe unique properties of fluorine-containing organic compounds make fluorine substitution attractive for the development of pharmaceuticals and various specialty materials, which have inspired the evolution of diverse C-F bond activation techniques. Although many advances have been made in functionalizations of activated C-F bonds utilizing transition metal complexes, there are fewer approaches available for nonactivated C-F bonds due to the difficulty in oxidative addition of transition metals to the inert C-F bonds. In this regard, using Lewis acid to abstract the fluoride and light/radical initiator to generate the radical intermediate have emerged as powerful tools for activating those inert C-F bonds. Meanwhile, these transition-metal-free processes are greener, economical, and for the pharmaceutical industry, without heavy metal residues. This review provides an overview of recent C-F bond activations and functionalizations under transition-metal-free conditions. The key mechanisms involved are demonstrated and discussed in detail. Finally, a brief discussion on the existing limitations of this field and our perspective are presented.
The Role of Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism in Shaping the Quality of Highbush Blueberry Fruit During Storage in Ozone-Enriched Atmosphere
Authors: Piechowiak Tomasz , Sowa Patrycja , Tarapatskyy Maria , Balawejder Maciej 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ozone treatment on the mitochondrial energy metabolism in blueberry fruit during storage as well as to determine the relationship between the activity of mitochondria and the antioxidative properties of ozonated fruit. Blueberry fruit was stored for 28 days at 4 °C and ozonated daily with gaseous ozone at the concentration of 15 mg L−1 for 30 min, every 12 h of storage. Research showed that ozonated fruit was characterized by higher activity of enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation (by 58.7% for SDH, 118.2% for CCO, and 78.16% for H+-ATPase after 7 days, respectively) than non-ozonated sample, which contributed to reduction of the loss of energy charge and ATP in the fruit during storage. Moreover, the increased activity of mitochondria led to the growth of mitochondrial ROS accumulation which, in turn, activated defense mechanisms against oxidative stress in the fruit. These metabolic responses might collectively contribute to increase the antioxidative properties of ozonated fruit and consequently to maintain a good quality of the fruit over a long period of storage.
A Path Analytic Model Exploration of Determinants of Happiness of Older Adults in Abu Dhabi
Authors: Al Bahar Muna , Badri Masood , Al Khaili Mugheer , Al Neyadi Fahad , Yang Guang , Al Rashdi Asma 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe objective of the study was to identify the factors associated with the subjective well-being of older adults in Abu Dhabi when happiness is taken as the dependent variable. In the present research, a framework based on theoretical models was developed in which older adult’s happiness was seen in a synergistic relationship and was associated with many other variables related to various domains in the social system. The sample consisted of 1,004 older adults aged 60 and above, who participated in the First Abu Dhabi General Social Survey administered in 2018. Many subjective well-being variables were considered. Path analysis was used to develop a model that incorporated the five following variables directly affecting the happiness of older adults: housing satisfaction, satisfaction with family life, satisfaction with friendships, life satisfaction, satisfaction with surrounding environment, and some psychological feelings. The study highlighted all direct and indirect associations. Further analysis of variance revealed the associations of gender, marital status, and education attainment. Implications of the study were highlighted along with future research directions.
Photocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia: Insights into the role of defect engineering in photocatalysts
Authors: Shen Huidong , Yang Mengmeng , Hao Leiduan , Wang Jinrui , Strunk Jennifer , Sun Zhenyu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEngineering of defects in semiconductors provides an effective protocol for improving photocatalytic N2conversion efficiency. This review focuses on the state-of-the-art progress in defect engineering of photocatalysts for the N2reduction toward ammonia. The basic principles and mechanisms of thermal catalyzed and photon-induced N2reduction are first concisely recapped, including relevant properties of the N2molecule, reaction pathways, and NH3quantification methods. Subsequently, defect classification, synthesis strategies, and identification techniques are compendiously summarized. Advances ofin situcharacterization techniques for monitoring defect state during the N2reduction process are also described. Especially, various surface defect strategies and their critical roles in improving the N2photoreduction performance are highlighted, including surface vacancies (i.e., anionic vacancies and cationic vacancies), heteroatom doping (i.e., metal element doping and nonmetal element doping), and atomically defined surface sites. Finally, future opportunities and challenges as well as perspectives on further development of defect-engineered photocatalysts for the nitrogen reduction to ammonia are presented. It is expected that this review can provide a profound guidance for more specialized design of defect-engineered catalysts with high activity and stability for nitrogen photochemical fixation.
Gold Mineralisation in Eastern Mahakoshal Belt of Central India: A Reappraisal Based on Mineral System
Authors: Misra P. S. , Singh V. , Tripathi U. , Ahmed S. , Bage G. , Tiwari C. B. , Saha S. K. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Gold exploration in the Mahakoshal belt has been carried out for the past thirty years and mostly quartz veins were identified as the host targets. The recent study based on the concept of mineral system has indicated that gold occurs in mafic and ultramafic rocks also, besides the quartz veins. The mineralisation in Agori Formation is generally confined to Algoma type BIF, meta-volcanics and phyllites, while in Parsoi Formation it occurs predominantly in quartz veins. The metavolcanics have acted as source rocks and the crustal deep faults have acted as conduits for mineralizing fluids, in the continental back arc type tectonic setting with two mineral systems viz. (i) basin related fluid flow with active magmatism, and (ii) magmatic related hydrothermal system.
Stromatolites from Terminal Proterozoic Krol - Tal Sequence of Nainital Syncline, Lesser Himalaya and their Environment Interpretations
Authors: Sinha Kaushlendra Kumar , Ghosh Dibakar 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
The terminal Proterozoic Krol-Tal succession disposed in a doubly plunging syncline of Nainital in the domain of Lesser Himalaya is an allochthon and forms the southernmost sub-basin of ca. 280 km linear belt comprising of six sub-basins. The mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments of the sequence show a wide spectrum of stromatolitic morphology, such as stratiform, laterally linked hemispheroids (LLH), columnar, domal and branching columnar, and other microbialites, such as thrombolites. These various morphological characteristics are result of a subtle balanced interaction among biological, hydrodynamic and sedimentation processes and have high potential for inferring different environments of their accretion. Among the five members of Krol Formation, viz. Krol A, Krol B, Krol C, Krol D and Krol E, the lowermost member, i.e. Krol A stromatolites represent a supratidal to intertidal environment, whereas Krol B stromatolites favour a supratidal zone of deposition. The stromatolite characteristics of intertidal environments marked with channels have been recorded from the Krol C member. A peritidal realm of deposition for Krol D member and a partly protected intertidal to upper subtidal zone for Krol E have been inferred. The lower Tal sediments were laid down in a supratidal to lower intertidal/upper subtidal environment. No stromatolite was recorded from the siliciclastic dominated upper Tal member that was deposited in supratidal to intertidal zones. The entire Krol-Tal stratigraphic succession is characterised by a repetitive shallowing-upward succession and the environmental interpretation based on the stromatolite morphometry is well in accordance with various observed sedimentary structures and sedimentological characteristics of the succession.
The Cost of Fairness in AI: Evidence from E-Commerce
Authors: von Zahn Moritz , Feuerriegel Stefan , Kuehl Niklas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractContemporary information systems make widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI). While AI offers various benefits, it can also be subject to systematic errors, whereby people from certain groups (defined by gender, age, or other sensitive attributes) experience disparate outcomes. In many AI applications, disparate outcomes confront businesses and organizations with legal and reputational risks. To address these, technologies for so-called “AI fairness” have been developed, by which AI is adapted such that mathematical constraints for fairness are fulfilled. However, the financial costs of AI fairness are unclear. Therefore, the authors develop AI fairness for a real-world use case from e-commerce, where coupons are allocated according to clickstream sessions. In their setting, the authors find that AI fairness successfully manages to adhere to fairness requirements, while reducing the overall prediction performance only slightly. However, they find that AI fairness also results in an increase in financial cost. Thus, in this way the paper’s findings contribute to designing information systems on the basis of AI fairness.
Attitudes among dermatologists regarding non-melanoma skin cancer treatment options
Authors: Fania Luca , Samela Tonia , Moretta Gaia , Ricci Francesco , Dellambra Elena , Mancini Mara , Sampogna Francesca , Panebianco Annarita , Abeni Damiano 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNon-melanoma skin cancers include basal and squamous cell carcinoma. These tumors have become an important health issue for their high incidence and for the morbidity, especially if untreated for a long period. Over the last 20 years, therapeutic approaches for these tumours have been improved and tailored. In this survey we provided data from one hundred and ten Italian dermatologists regarding knowledge and attitude towards different therapeutic approaches on non-melanoma skin cancers. In our study, we observed that surgery and imiquimod 5% cream were the most used treatment by dermatologists for basal cell carcinoma, while, surgery was the most common treatment for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore, we observed some differences regarding the prescribed therapies in the different Italian geographical areas (i.e., Mohs’ surgery and electrochemotherapy were more frequently used in Northern compared to Central and Southern Italy whereas immunotherapy was more used in Southern compared to Northern and Central Italy) and even considering the year of specialization of the dermatologists (i.e., immunotherapy with cemiplimab was prescribed mainly by dermatologists with 10–19 years of specialization). However, for locally advanced and metastatic forms of basal and squamous cell carcinoma, Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors and anti- Programmed cell death protein antibody treatment, respectively, were used in line with the newest evolution of therapies regarding this topic. Considering the importance of skin cancers and its progressive increase in incidence, it is crucial to improve the knowledge of different therapeutic approaches among dermatologists.
Effective removal of Pb2+ from oral medical wastewater via an activated three-dimensional framework carbon (3D AFC)
Authors: Song Fuxiang , Wang Na , Hu Zezhou , Zhang Zhen , Mai Xiaoxue , Jie Weibo , Bin Liu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOral medical wastewater with heavy metal ions (such as plumbum, Pb2+) is regarded as the main pollutant produced in the oral cavity diagnosis, and the treatment process can pose a serious threat to human health. The removal of Pb2+ from oral medical wastewater facing major difficulties and challenges. Therefore, it is of great significance to take effective measures to remove Pb2+ by using effective methods. A new activated three-dimensional framework carbon (3D AFC), regarded as the main material to remove Pb2+ in the oral medical wastewater, has been fabricated successfully. In this experiment, the effects of 3D AFC absorbing Pb2+ under different conditions (including solid-to-liquid ratio, pH, ionic strength, contact time, and initial concentration, etc.) were discussed. And the result revealed that the adsorption kinetics process of Pb2+ on 3D AFC conformed to the pseudo-second-order model and the adsorption isotherm conformed to the Freundlich model. Under the condition that pH = 5.5 and T = 298 k, the calculated maximum adsorption capacity of 3D AFC for Pb2+ was 270.88 mg/g. In practical application, it has strong adsorption ability for Pb2+ in oral medical wastewater. Thus, 3D AFC shows promise for Pb2+ remove and recovery applications because of high adsorption capacity for Pb2+ in oral medical wastewater due to its high specific surface area, outstanding three-dimensional network structure.
Development of a quasi-linear parameter varying model for a tiltrotor aircraft
Authors: Nabi Hafiz Noor , Visser Coen C. de , Pavel Marilena D. , Quaranta Giuseppe 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe research presented in this paper focuses on the development of a quasi-Linear Parameter Varying (qLPV) model for the XV-15 tiltrotor aircraft. The specific category of qLPV modeling technique, known as the model stitching technique, is employed to model the time-varying dynamics of XV-15 tiltrotor aircraft over the entire flight envelope. In this modeling approach, discrete linear state-space models are interpolated through lookup tables as function of scheduling parameters with the implementation of nonlinear equations of motion. The XV-15 qLPV model is configured with four scheduling parameters: altitude, nacelle incidence angle, wing flap angle and velocity. Additionally, a computational complexity analysis is presented. In particular, computational sensitivity of qLPV models configured with lookup tables to number of states and number of scheduling parameters is demonstrated. This is done to show the feasibility of real-time implementation of qLPV models with increasing fidelity (number of states) and expanding dynamic flight envelope (number of scheduling parameters).
Mining brand value propositions on Twitter: exploring the link between marketer-generated content and eWOM outcomes
Authors: Alwash Mostafa , Savarimuthu Bastin Tony Roy , Parackal Mathew 
Published: September 2021

AbstractContent marketing has become a mainstream channel for brands to engage the market with value propositions. Through content, brands control, instigate and co-create value with its target audience. However, the nature of value propositions embedded within the cycle of content co-creation and their impact on eWOM outcomes has received scant attention from an empirical perspective. In this paper, we propose a value proposition-based framework around content marketing using established business perspectives. We employ bidirectional Twitter data from brands and customers to unearth descriptive, diagnostic and predictive insights into value propositions. Using a sample of marketer- and user-generated data from 10 Coffee (n(MGC) = 290,n(UGC) = 8811) and Car brands (n(MGC) = 635,n(UGC) = 7035) in 2018, a taxonomy of value propositions based on the literature was proposed and validated. The results of our study identify (a) descriptive insights explaining differentiation of brand value propositions, (b) diagnostic insights relating to consumer sentiments in response to the value proposition mix and (c) predictive insights of models predicting brand-specific values’ influencing Like, Share, Comment and Positive/Negative valence. Our results show that an effective social media marketing strategy selectively uses elements of the marketing mix (i.e. 4 P’s) within value propositions to attract favourable eWOM outcomes.
Artificial Neural Network–Particle Swarm Optimization (ANN-PSO) Approach for Behaviour Prediction and Structural Optimization of Lightweight Sandwich Composite Heliostats
Authors: Fadlallah Sulaiman O. , Anderson Timothy N. , Nates Roy J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe necessity to diminish the heliostats’ cost so that central tower concentrating solar power (CSP) systems can stride to the forefront to become the technology of choice for generating renewable electricity is obliging the industry to consider innovative designs, leading to new materials being implemented into the development of heliostats. Honeycomb sandwich composites offer a lightweight but stiff structure that appear to be an ideal substitute for existing heliostat mirrors and their steel supporting trusses, avoiding large drive units and reducing energy consumption. However, realizing a honeycomb sandwich composite as a heliostat, among a multitude of possible combinations can be tailored from, that delivers the best trade-off between the panel’s weight reduction (broadly equates to cost) and structural integrity is cumbersome and challenging due to the complex nonlinear material behaviour, along with the large number of design variables and performance constraints. We herein offer a simulation–optimization model for behaviour prediction and structural optimization of lightweight honeycomb sandwich composite heliostats utilizing artificial neural network (ANN) technique and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Considering various honeycomb core configurations and several loading conditions, a thorough investigation was carried out to optimally choose the training algorithm, number of neurons in the hidden layer, activation function in a network and the suitable swarm size that delivers the best performance for convergence and processing time. Carried out for three case scenarios, each with different design requirements, the results showed that the proposed integrated ANN-PSO approach provides a useful, flexible and time-efficient tool for heliostat designers to predict and optimize the structural performance of honeycomb sandwich composite-based heliostats as per desired requirements. Knowing that heliostats in the field are not all subjected to the same wind conditions, this method offers flexibility to tailor heliostats independently, allowing them to be made lighter depending on the local wind speed in the field. This could lead to reductions in the size of drive units used to track the heliostat, and the foundations required to support these structures. Such reductions would deliver real cost savings, which are currently an impediment to the wider spread use of CSP systems.