bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybridization of Green Energy Sources for the Electrification of Remote Villages: A Case Study at Adem Tuleman of Ethiopia
Authors: Aga Wondwosen S , Legese Ayele N. , Tolche Abebe D , Roba Negesh T 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Energy deeply influences the life of rural communities. The industrialized countries depend primarily on modern energy while the developing countries like Ethiopia heavily rely on traditional biomass. Thus, in Ethiopia, the energy sector faces dual challenges: one limited access to modern energy and the second is heavy reliance on traditional biomass energy sources to meet growing energy demand. The modern energy of the country is predominantly from hydropower which accounts for 90% and fuelwood accounts for more than 80% of households' energy supply today, this leads to deforestation and severe land degradation in the country.Objective: This study aim at providing the way to diversify energy sources through integrated hybrid energy sources (wind, solar and diesel generator) to obtain a sustainable autonomous power supply system for remote site. Method: Standalone hybrid system configuration was design by using HOMER software and finds an optimal combination of clean energy as well as comparing it with other energy sources for Adem Tuleman one of the remote sites in Ethiopia. HOMER is optimization tool to determine the possible optimal architecture and control strategy of the system. Results: The study found that the village had a 204.04 kWh/day average energy demand with a 31 kW/day peak load, a 4.5 kWh/day deferrable load, and 0.9kWh/day peak deferrable load. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed system was a feasible solution to electrify Adem Tuleman. A financial analysis indicated that the project would have an initial capital cost of $24,817.00, an operating and maintenance cost of $12,862.00, and a total net present value of $189,233.00.The minimum cost of energy obtained was $0.195/kWh.Conclusion: The simulation result indicates that the proposed standalone hybrid system would be a climate smart and feasible solution for electrify remote village. Moreover, hybrid energy systems allow the effective way of utilizing available renewable energy in the village and providing clean energy which can alleviate energy poverty in many remote sites of Ethiopia.
Monitoring Energy Balance Through Clinical and Serum Biomarkers in Patients with Hmatologic Malignancies during Chemotherapy
Authors: LEE CHANG WON , KIM INHO , KOH YOUNGIL , SHIN DONGYEOP , HONG JUNSHIK , KIM DONG-HOON , PARK MI-RAE , HONG SUN-MOK , LEE YEJI , Seo Kwan Sik 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Many cancer patients experience energy imbalance due to the tumor or chemotherapy-related side effects. Chemotherapy could make significant metabolic changes leading to energy imbalance. However, the variations in energy input, metabolic rate, and physical activity are not known in detail. This study aimed to identify changes in energy balance components and serum biomarkers during chemotherapy of patients with hematologic cancer. Methods: This prospective study included 40 patients with hematologic malignancies hospitalized for chemotherapy. Energy balance components, physical function, and serum biomarkers, such as albumin, total protein, CXCL13, GDF15 and leptin, were measured weekly after chemotherapy for 3 weeks. Results: Significant body weight loss, representing negative energy balance, occurred at 2 and 3 weeks after chemotherapy. A statistically reduced oral intake was observed at week three. However, total energy intake did not show any statistical change during the study period due to parental support. Resting energy expenditure statistically decreased according to the Harris-Benedict (HB) equation, but not for the Penn State University (PSU) equation. Physical activity measured by daily steps showed no statistical difference. However, physical function according to the DEMMI score indicated a significant decrease at 3 weeks. Over half of the patients (65.0 %, n = 26) were found to have at least one of energy balance problem according to subgroup classification.Our serum biomarker analysis demonstrated significant differences in serum albumin, total protein, CXCL13, and GDF15 levels, with the exception of leptin. All three subgroups exhibited statistically significant decreases in albumin and total protein. However, only CXCL13 levels in the weight loss group and GDF level in the anorexia and impaired physical function groups were found to be significantly altered by subgroup analysis.Conclusions: The results indicated that 65 % of hematologic cancer patients suffered from energy imbalances during chemotherapy associated with weight loss and anorexia. Significant changes in albumin, total protein, CXCL13, and GDF15 were found. Additionally, subgroup analysis suggested that CXCL13 and GDF15 were associated with weight loss and appetite loss, respectively. Monitoring the energy balance of clinical and serum biomarkers together can help identify the need for nutritional intervention in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
A Novel Multitarget Mu- and Delta-Opioid Receptors Agonist HAGD Has Peripherally Restrictive Potent Analgesia with Less Side Effects in Mice and Minimal Impact on Human Sperm Motility
Authors: FangFang Li , Yue Feng , Zhang Wei , Xu Biao , Han Shi-Qiang , Wang Yi-Qing , Zhang Xue-Hong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
ObjectivePain is a common clinical symptom. Although a variety of opioid analgesics have been developed, the side effects including negative impact on human sperm motility still hinder their application. Aim of this study is to develop a novel opioid analgesic, a multitarget peptide HAGD (H-Tyr-D-AIa-GIy-Phe-NH2) which has less side effects and minimal impact on sperm motility.MethodsThe peripheral antinociceptive effects of HAGD were appraised in a series of preclinical mice pain models, including the tail-flick test, carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain, acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin test. In conditioned place preference experiment, open field test, gastrointestinal transit test and rotarod test, the side effects of HAGD in mice were assessed. The impacts of HAGD on sperm motility in vitro were investigated.ResultsHAGD produced equipotent antinociception compared with morphine. HAGD was stronger in terms of analgesia intensity in chemical stimulation pain of formalin test phase I. The antinociception was mediated by mu- and delta-opioid receptors. HAGD didn’t induce conditioned place preference and hyperlocomotion, but morphine did. Both HAGD and morphine had no impacts on motor coordination. HAGD had a limited side effect in gastrointestinal transit, while morphine inhibited gastrointestinal transit to a greater extent. However, HAGD had minimal impact on human sperm motility, whereas morphine declined sperm motility at concentrations of 1 × 10-7 mol/l and 1 × 10-8 mol/l at 3.5 h of incubation.Conclusion HAGD may be a better candidate for future development of novel multitarget opioid analgesics with less side effects and minimal impact on human sperm motility.
Causality Mechanism of Coal Bump Occurred in Longwall Roadways
Authors: Han Jun , He Manchao , Cao Chen , Ma Shuangwen , Xue Dongjie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Coal bump occurring in longwall roadways accounts for more than 87% of total coal bump events. However, there is no practical mechanical model that can explain the causality and process of coal bump, resulting in that the prediction and prevention of rockburst heavily depend on engineering experience or lessons. Considering the mechanical characteristics of surrounding rock, the suspended roof behind working face and stress state of the rib coal, a seesaw structure model related to incentive of the coal bump and a mechanical model related to instability of rib coal block are established in this paper based on theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, which is capable to clarify the causality mechanism, process, key factors and critical state of coal bump. The hard suspended roof behind the working face produces periodic abutment pressure on the coal around the working face. The result of numerical calculation shows that, under the condition of high compressive stiffness of hard coal around the working face, the roof in front of the working face rebounds upward. The phenomena of roof rebound suggests that the overlying strata of the working face form a seesaw structure. In the area of roof rebound, the normal stress on the roof-coal interface is reduced. Stress analysis of a rib coal block has been conducted. Result shows that, the tectonic stress perpendicular to the rib can overcome the fractional resistance pushing the rib coal into the roadway once the normal stress on the roof-coal interface de-stresses to a certain level. Accordingly, a critical state equation of coal bump has been established. It can be concluded that, de-stressing of the roof-seam interface caused by roof rebound triggers coal bump. The tectonic stress is its force source, and the tensile strength of coal and the shear strength of the coal seam with roof and floor are bump resistances. This study clarifies the causality mechanism and process of coal bump occurred in longwall roadway that provides a theoretical basis for prediction and prevention technology.
The Influence of Mindfulness Meditation Versus CBT for Anxiety on Emotional Distress and Attitudes Towards Seeking Mental Health Treatment
Authors: Aisenberg-Shafran Daniela , Shturm Liav 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Older adults often avoid seeking psychological treatment, challenging their ability to adaptively deal with anxiety, stress and depression. The aim of the current study was to compare the effects of a mindfulness intervention vs. cognitive-behavioral-therapy (CBT) on measures of emotional distress and attitudes towards seeking mental-health treatment among older adults. Twenty-four seniors were assigned to: 1) MBIS (Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Seniors); and 2) CBT for anxiety, or to a care-as-usual control group. Attitudes towards seeking psychological treatment, levels of depression, anxiety and worry were measured before and after the interventions. Following the intervention, participants more positively addressed the possibility of utilizing psychological treatment, while no changes were observed in the control group. Interestingly, levels of worry improved only in the MBIS group, and anxiety levels only improved in the CBT group. It seems that attending cognitive group interventions are effective to their focus and positively impact attitudes towards psychological treatment.
Fatigue Life Assessment of Tower Crane Based on Neural Network to Obtain Stress Spectrum
Authors: ZUO YANG , Zhao Feiyu , Yang Kaiyue , Yang Rongping 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In order to reduce the probability of crane safety accidents, a method based on radial basis neural network is proposed to quickly obtain the stress spectrum and calculate the remaining life of the crane. Firstly, taking an in-service tower crane as an example, an ANSYS finite element model is established based on actual parameters, and the finite element model is statically analyzed to obtain the location of the dangerous point. Secondly, the typical operating conditions of the crane are simulated. The position of the trolley and the lifting load are used as the input layer while the equivalent stress value at any point is used as the output layer to train the radial basis neural network model. Using the trained radial basis neural network model can obtain time-stress curve at any point quickly. Finally the remaining life is assessed based on the fracture mechanics method. The results show that this method that using the radial basis function neural network model to obtain the time-stress curve at any point can greatly save the cumbersome process and a lot of investment in the field measurement of the crane, and also provides a reliable basis for the long-term safe use and later maintenance of the crane.
An Epidemiological Study on Factors Influencing Gaming Disorder- an Online Cross- Sectional Design
Authors: Wani Rabbanie Tariq , Rashid Imrose 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Gaming disorders have increased over time due to easy availability of online gaming. The aim of this study is to determine the factors influencing the gaming disorders. Methods: An online questionnaire was circulated on gaming platforms for the assessment as per IGD20 & DSM5 criteria. Results: A significant correlation was found between duration of play and gaming disorders (r= 0.131, p<0.05). The scores were concurrent as per IGD20 and DSM5 criteria. Conclusion: Undiagnosed gaming disorder among gamers needs to be addressed. Duration of playing of games also needs to be checked inorder to reduce the prevalence of gaming disorders.
Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Analysis of Pregnancy-Related Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Hu Minjie , Huang Haidong , Dai Xuantong , Lin Fujun , Shi Junfeng , Lu Wei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PR-AKI) and provide a basis for improving maternal and infant outcomes. Methods: Seventy pregnant women admitted to the surgical intensive care unit of Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from January 2010 to December 2020 were included; 31 were screened out according to KDIGO-AKI criteria. We retrospectively analyzed their clinical characteristics and prognosis and analyzed risk factors for different pregnancy outcomes with logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 31 PR-AKI patients were enrolled. The mean age of onset was 30.08±0.63 years, and the mean gestational age was 33.02±7.64 weeks. Six cases (19.45%) were in stage 1, six cases (19.35%) were in stage 2, and 19 cases (61.29%) were in stage 3. The continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) group comprised 13 cases (41.94%): one (7.69%) in stage 1, one (7.69%) in stage 2, and 11 (84.62%) in stage 3. The non-CRRT group comprised 18 cases (58.06%): five (27.78%) in stage 1, five (27.78%) in stage 2, and eight (44.44%) in stage 3. The mean time of commencing renal replacement therapy was 2.08±1.26 days after admission, and the serum creatinine (SCr) level at the beginning of treatment was 352.68±196.58 μmol/L. Renal function recovered completely in 18 cases (58.06%), comprising four (22.22%) in the CRRT group and 14 (77.78%) in the non-CRRT group, and three cases of partial renal function recovery occurred in the CRRT group. Eventually, seven patients (22.58%) died, of whom four (57.14%) were in the non-CRRT group, and all were in stage 3. The causes of death were postpartum hemorrhage, septic shock, and acute fatty liver during pregnancy. Three patients (42.86%) died in the non-CRRT group: two in stage 3 and one case in stage 1. The causes of death were severe preeclampsia and acute fatty liver during pregnancy. Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that gestational weeks (OR=0.456, P=0.023), platelet count (OR=0.989, P=0.02), hemoglobin (OR=1.017, P=0.022), and uric acid (OR=1.017, P=0.022) were associated risk factors for maternal adverse pregnancy outcomes of PR-AKI (P<0.05). Conclusions: The incidence of PR-AKI is high, the outcomes of maternal renal function are better, and the proportion of adverse fetal outcomes is higher. CRRT can effectively improve the prognosis of patients with PR-AKI, stabilize the internal environment, and affect hemodynamics slightly. It is currently one of the main ways to treat severe PR-AKI. Maternal and infant outcomes are related to the severity of PR-AKI.
Mobile Power Generation System Based on Biomass Gasification
Authors: Ding Lu , Yang Mingming , Vo Dai-Viet N. , Hungwe Douglas , Ye Jiahan , Yoshikawa Kunio 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Disaster-hit and/or un-electrified remote areas usually have electricity accessibility issues and an abundance of plant-derived debris and wood from destroyed wooden structures; this can be potentially addressed by employing a decentralized ultra-small biomass-fed gasification power generating system. This paper presents an assessment of the technical viability of an ultra-small gasification system that utilizes densified carbonized wood pellets/briquettes. The setup was run continuously for 100 hours. A variety of biomass was densified and carbonized by harnessing fugitive heat sources before charging into the reactor. Carbonized briquettes and furnished blends exhibited inferior gasification performance compared to the carbonized pellets. In the absence of tar blockage problems, steady-state conditions were achieved when pre-treated feedstock was used. Under steady-state conditions for carbonized pellets gasification operated at an equivalence ratio of 32%, cold gas efficiency, and carbon conversion of 49.2%, and 70.5% was achieved, respectively. Overall efficiency and maximum power output of 20.3% and 21 kW were realised, respectively. The results indicate that the proposed compact ultra-small power generation system is a technically feasible approach to remedy power shortage challenge.
Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy Plays an Important Role in Regulating Retinal Progenitor Cell Homeostasis
Authors: Jin Caixia , Ou Qingjian , Chen Jie , Wang Tao , Zhang Jieping , Wang Zhe , Wang Yuanyuan , Tian Haibin , Xu Jing-Ying , Gao Furong , Wang Juan , Li Jiao , Lu Lixia , Xu Guo-Tong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Autophagy is a key regulator of stem cell quiescence and self-renewal, especially in mesenchymal stem cells but related research on neural retinal stem cells is still limited. We are aimed to explore the function and mechanism of autophagy in the neural retinal stem cell.Methods: The published single cell sequencing data was involved to analysis the expression time course of IFITM3 in the mouse neural retinal progenitor cells (mNRPCs). The RNA interference was used to knock down the expression of IFITM3 in the mNRPCs. And the normal mNRPCs and mNRPCs with knockdown of IFITM3 were analysis with the CCK8 for the cell viability, RNA-seq for the mRNA expression, real-time quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence assay for the location of relative proteins, western blot for the levels of relative proteins and autophagy flux assay.Results: This study showed the mNRPCs in vivo and in vitro high expressed IFITM3 which are expressed in the mNRPCs. The proliferation of mNRPCs was greatly inhibited, and cell viability was greatly reduced after IFITM3 knockdown. Moreover, RNA-seq analysis showed that lysosomes were significant changed after IFITM3 knockdown. When cells were treated with rapamycin (RAMP), lysosome activation and agglomeration were evident in all groups. However, there was no significant difference between IFITM3 knockdown groups. The expression of LAMP1 was significantly increased, accompanied by increased lysosome agglomeration, in RAMP-treated cells and especially in IFITM3-knockdown cells. Further detection showed that SQSTM1/p62, HSC70 and LAMP-2A were upregulated, while there was no significant difference in LC3A/B expression, which demonstrated that the MA pathway was not activated but the CMA pathway was activated when knockdown of IFITM3. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that IFITM3 participates in regulating mNRPC viability and proliferation mainly through the CMA pathway, indicating that IFITM3 plays a significant role in maintaining the homeostasis of progenitor cell self-renewal by sustaining low-level activation of the CMA pathway to eliminate factors that are deleterious to cells and acts as a very important protector of RPCs.
Prehospital Use of Herbal Medicine in the Southwestern Ethiopia: Prevalence, Associated Factors and Safety Concern
Authors: Mengie Alemneh , Hasen Gemmechu , Suleman Sultan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
In Ethiopia, despite the frequent reports that demonstrate the use of herbal medicine for treatment of many ailments, there is no finding that describes the prevalence and associated factors with prehospital use of herbal medicine. Therefore, the present study was aimed to assess the prevalence of the prehospital use of herbal medicine and associated factors as well as safety concern in the South western Ethiopia.
Methodology:
A Hospital based cross-sectional study design was employed among patients admitted to Medical wards in Jimma Medical Center (JMC) (n=217) from June to September, 2021. The pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection. Moreover, literatures were reviewed to identity the potential toxicity and/or drug interactions (if any,) associated with the herbal medicine used before admission by patients. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21.0 (Chicago, SPSS Inc.) was used for data analysis. The results were summarized using descriptive statistics. The bivariate logistic regression was used to check the association between the outcomes and independent variables. Then, multivariate logistic regression was employed for independent variables possessing p-value of less than 0.05 to identify the strength of association between variables at 5% level of significance.
Results
The current study revealed that about 34% of respondents revealed the prehospital use of herbal medicine. The majority respondents (78.7%) did not discuss with their health care providers about prehospital use of herbal medicine. The factors like age (AOR: 0.281, 95% CI: 0.115, 0.683), educational level (AOR: 2.672, 95% CI: 1.101, 6.485) and insurance coverage (AOR: 2.082, 95% CI: 1.083, 4.004) were significantly associated with prehospital use of herbal medicine. Moreover, ‘Dammakese’ (Ocimum gratissimum L), ‘Tenadam’ (Ruta chalepensis L), ‘Makkanisa’ (Croton macrostachyus), ‘Jinjibli’ (Zingiber officinale), ‘Barzaafi Adii’ (Eucalyptus globulus Labill), ‘Qabarichoo’ (Echinops kebericho, Mesfin) and ‘Papaya’ (Carica papaya L) were the most commonly used herbs before admission to hospital. From published literatures review we revealed that the Zingiber officinale, Carica papaya L, Eucalyptus globulus Labill and Ruta chalepensis L possess the potential interaction with many conventional medicines as well as toxic effects.
Conclusions
The present study revealed that the prehospital use of herbal medicine was relatively high in which majority of patients did not disclose to the health care providers. Its use was significantly associated with age, educational level and insurance coverage. In addition, some of herbs used are associated with safety issues. Therefore, health care providers should thoroughly discuss with their patients regarding the prehospital use of herbal medicine.