bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First‐line nab‐paclitaxel plus carboplatin for patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer: Results of the NEPTUN study
Authors: Dechow Tobias , Riera‐Knorrenschild Jorge , Hackanson Björn , Janssen Jan , Schulz Holger , Chiabudini Marco , Fischer von Weikersthal Ludwig , Budweiser Stephan , Nacke Axel , Taeuscher Dagmar , Welslau Manfred , Potthoff Karin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundPlatinum‐based chemotherapy remains a first‐line standard of care for approximately 30% of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) not harboring a druggable alteration. Favorable efficacy and safety of the nab‐paclitaxel/carboplatin (nab‐P/C) combination was shown in the pivotal phase 3 trial. However, information on effectiveness of nab‐P/C in a real‐world setting in Germany is missing. The NEPTUN study prospectively investigated the effectiveness and safety of nab‐P/C in patients with advanced NSCLC in a real‐world setting.MethodsPatients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC received first‐line nab‐P/C according to clinical routine. The primary endpoint was 6‐month progression‐free survival rate (PFS6). Other endpoints included further effectiveness parameters, safety and quality of life. Data were analyzed descriptively.Results408 patients were enrolled. PFS6 was 40.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35.3–46.2); median PFS was 5.2 months (95% CI, 4.5–5.7). overall response rate was 41.5% (95% CI, 36.3–46.8). Median overall survival (OS) was 10.5 months (95% CI, 9.2–11.6). Subgroup analyses revealed median OS for squamous versus non‐squamous histology (11.8 months [95% CI, 9.2–13.8] vs. 9.6 months [95% CI, 7.7–11.2]) and age ≥70 versus <70 years (11.7 months [95% CI, 9.4–14.3] vs. 9.6 months [95% CI, 7.5–11.2]). Most common treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were anemia (26.5%), leukopenia (25.7%), and thrombocytopenia (16.6%). Mostly reported grade 3/4 TEAEs were leukopenia (10.2%), anemia (8.6%), and pneumonia (5.1%). nab‐paclitaxel‐related deaths as reported by the investigator occurred in 0.8% of patients.ConclusionThese real‐world data support the effectiveness and safety of nab‐P/C as first‐line treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC independent of tumor histology. The results are comparable with the pivotal phase 3 trial. No new safety signals emerged.
Natürliche Lüftung – energetische Betrachtung eines automatisierten Fassadensystems
Authors: Scheuring Leonie , Weller Bernhard 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWird ein hoher Nutzerkomfort mit gleichzeitig geringem Energieverbrauch gefordert, stehen wir vor Herausforderungen in der Lüftungsplanung. Aktuell werden in Nicht‐Wohngebäuden mechanische Lüftungssysteme eingesetzt, die eine hohe Luftqualität gewährleisten, aber auch hohe Wartungskosten und psychologisches Unbehagen auslösen können. Eine natürliche Lüftung über öffenbare Fenster kann hierzu eine Alternative darstellen. Um die Anforderungen hinsichtlich Raumluftqualität, thermischer Behaglichkeit und Energieeffizienz zu gewährleisten, sind für diese Lüftungskonzepte jedoch Öffnungsstrategien mit definierten Grenzwerten erforderlich. Dieser Artikel untersucht die Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Grenzwerte auf den Energiebedarf und die Behaglichkeit bei Variation der klimatischen und baukonstruktiven Randbedingungen.Natural ventilation – energetic analysis of an automated facade system. If high user comfort with low energy consumption is required at the same time, we face challenges in ventilation planning. Currently, mechanical ventilation systems are used in non‐residential buildings, which guarantee high indoor air quality but can also result in high maintenance costs and psychological discomfort. Natural ventilation via openable windows can be an alternative. In order to meet the requirements with regard to indoor air quality, thermal comfort and energy efficiency, opening strategies with defined limit values are required for these ventilation concepts. This article examines the effects of different limit values on energy demand and thermal comfort by varying the climatic and structural boundary conditions.
Smarte Fassaden – im Fokus steht der Mensch
Authors: Heusler Winfried , Kadija Ksenija 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSmarte Fassaden zeichnen sich durch die Einbettung digitaler Komponenten aus. Sie verbessern die Lebens‐ und Umweltqualität in Gebäuden sowie in deren Umfeld. Es geht auch um die Optimierung in ökologischer, ökonomischer, sozialer und kultureller Hinsicht – im materiellen und immateriellen Kontext – über den gesamten Lebenszyklus. Kontextadaptive Fassaden sind in der Lage, sich an veränderte Umweltbedingungen oder Nutzerbedürfnisse anzupassen. Zukunftsfähige Fassaden folgen dem Lean‐Tech‐Prinzip: Sie beinhalten so viel Material und Technik wie nötig, aber so wenig wie möglich. Im Fokus steht der Mensch – als Menschheit genauso wie als Individuum – mit unterschiedlichen Anforderungen und Fähigkeiten, in unterschiedlichen Situationen.Smart facades – the focus is on people. Smart facades are characterised by the embedding of digital components. They improve the quality of life and the environmental quality in buildings and their surroundings. It is also about optimisation in ecological, economic, social and cultural terms – in the material and immaterial context – over the entire life cycle. Context‐adaptive facades are able to adapt to changing environmental conditions or user needs. Sustainable facades follow the Lean‐Tech principle: they contain as much material and technology as necessary, but as little as possible. The focus is on people – as mankind as well as individuals – with different requirements and abilities in different situations.
In vitro Leishmanicidal and Trypanosomicidal Properties of Imidazole‐Containing Azine and Benzoazine Derivatives
Authors: Martín‐Montes Álvaro , Kolodová Kristina , Marín Clotilde , Rosales‐Lombardo María José , Sánchez‐Moreno Manuel , de Andrés‐Gordo Lucía , Cano Carmen , Campayo Lucrecia , Gómez‐Muñoz Alberto , Sanz Ana M. , Yunta María J. R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLeishmaniasis and Chagas diseases are two of the most important parasitic diseases in the world. Both belong to the category of Neglected Tropical Diseases, and they cannot be prevented by vaccination. Their treatments are founded in outdated drugs that possess many pernicious side‐effects and they're not easy to administer. With the aim of discovering new compounds that could serve as anti‐trypanosomal drugs, an antiparasitic study of a synthetic compound family has been conducted. A series of new 1,4‐bis(alkylamino)‐ and 1‐alkylamino‐4‐chloroazine and benzoazine derivatives 1–4 containing imidazole rings have been synthesized and identified. Their structures showed a possible interest based on previous work. Their in vitro anti‐Leishmania infantum, anti‐L. braziliensis, anti‐L. donovani and anti‐T. cruzi activity were tested, as well as the inhibition of Fe‐SOD enzymes. It was found that some of them exhibited quite relevant values indicative of being worthy of future more detailed studies, as most of them showed activity to more than only one parasite species, especially compound 3 c was active for the three studied Leishmania species and also for T. cruzi, which is a very interesting trait as it covers a wide spectrum.
A new technique for power transmission and full duplex communication employing SN IPT system
Authors: T Manikandan , P Srinivasa Rao Nayak , K Sundareswaran 
Published: October 2021

SummaryInductive power transfer (IPT) is a recently developed technique for charging batteries in wireless devices where the transfer of energy from the power source to the load is carried out without electrical contact. In this paper, inductive power and data transfer (IPDT) system is developed for charging the EV battery and simultaneously monitoring the battery SoC. The flux density and the mutual inductance of the coupled coils are computed using FEM Ansys Maxwell software. Based on the computation results, the IPT system is designed. The IPT system is integrated with the data transmission module employing full‐duplex communication. SN (Series‐None) compensation topology is adopted for the designed IPDT. The frequency division multiplexing technique is used to increase the data rate of data transfer, as well as avoid interference from data signals to the power signal, which are transferred through a series tank injector/extractor and parallel tank rejecter circuits. The prototype IPDT system was developed in the laboratory, and it was experimentally shown that 44 W of power was transmitted simultaneously with a data signal at 288 kbps, which verifies the theory proposed in this paper.
BRD3‐NUTM1‐expressing NUT carcinoma of lung on endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration cytology, a diagnostic pitfall
Authors: Aryal Sameer Chhetri , Zia Shereen , Rodgers Shannon , Shen Yulei , Perry Kyle , Yuan Lisi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundNuclear protein in testis (NUT) carcinoma (NC) is an aggressive type of poorly differentiated carcinoma with a variable degree of squamous differentiation. NC is defined by the presence of BRD‐NUT fusion oncogenes, the most common fusion form being the BRD4‐NUTM1 gene. Variant rearrangements involving the BRD3 and NSD3 genes. Variant rearrangements involving the BRD3 and NSD3 genes occur in approximately one‐third of the cases.AimsThis is the first case regarding the study of cytological features of NC of the lung with BRD3‐NUTM1 fusion.Materials and MethodsA 36‐year‐old female with chest heaviness and shortness of breath was found to have a right‐sided pleural effusion; she was non‐smoker and denied any significant past medical illness. CT‐chest revealed an 8.5 cm heterogeneous mass in the right and mid‐upper lung. She underwent endobronchial ultrasound‐guided (EBUS) transbronchial fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of the lung mass. Thoracocentesis was performed, and pleural fluid was sent to the laboratory for cytological evaluationResultsThe cytopathological findings showed atypical squamoid cells with variably prominent single or multiple nucleoli. Monotonous‐looking cells with high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio and hyperchromasia were also present. The atypical squamoid cells showed abundant clear to eosinophilic cytoplasm with rare individual cell keratinization and focal keratin pearl formation. The atypical cells were positive for CK7, p40, p63, mCEA and equivocal for NUT‐specific antibody. The cytopathological findings were consistent with squamous cell carcinoma with focal keratinization. The Fusion Panel‐Solid Tumor (50 genes) revealed BRD3‐NUTM1 fusion gene. Diagnosis was amended to pulmonary NC.DiscussionNC is a diagnostic challenge for pathologists as it can morphologically mimic undifferentiated carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or neuroendocrine carcinoma. The challenge is not how to diagnose NC but rather determining when to include it in the differential diagnosis and perform the diagnostic molecular tests (FISH or NGS) or IHC study for NUT‐specific antibody.ConclusionWhen a specimen demonstrates a dual cell population of squamoid cells and primitive‐looking tumor cells in the wrong clinical context (i.e., young patient with no smoking history), further molecular profiling is warranted to include the differential of a primary NC of the lung. The cytological features of NC itself have rarely been documented and moreover, that of a primary NC of the lung with BRD3‐NUTM1 fusion has never been reported. We herein report cytological findings of a primary NC of the lung with BRD3‐NUTM1 fusion gene.
Diversity and composition of macroinvertebrate communities in a rare inland salt marsh
Authors: Cahill Abigail E. , Breen Christopher J. , Corona‐Avila Irene , Cortes Cesar A. , Hernandez Rosemary , Jost Saige , Ruger Breh L. K. , Stander Rachel M. H. , Tran Bach V. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInland salt marshes are rare habitats in the Great Lakes region of North America, formed on salt deposits from the Silurian period. These patchy habitats are abiotically stressful for the freshwater invertebrates that live there, and provide an opportunity to study the relationship between stress and diversity. We used morphological and COI metabarcoding data to assess changes in diversity and composition across both space (a transect from the salt seep to an adjacent freshwater area) and time (three sampling seasons). Richness was significantly lower at the seep site with both datatypes, while metabarcoding data additionally showed reduced richness at the freshwater transect end, consistent with a pattern where intermediate levels of stress show higher diversity. We found complementary, rather than redundant, patterns of community composition using the two datatypes: not all taxa were equally sequenced with the metabarcoding protocol. We identified taxa that are abundant at the salt seep of the marsh, including biting midges (Culicoides) and ostracods (Heterocypris). We conclude that (as found in other studies) molecular and morphological work should be used in tandem to identify the biodiversity in this rare habitat. Additionally, salinity may be a driver of community membership in this system, though further ecological research is needed to rule out alternate hypotheses.
Reflections of ecological differences? Stress responses of sympatric Alpine chamois and red deer to weather, forage quality, and human disturbance
Authors: Anderwald Pia , Campell Andri Seraina , Palme Rupert 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDepending on the habitats they live in, temperate ungulates have adapted to different degrees to seasonally changing forage and weather conditions, and to specific escape strategies from predators. Alpine chamois, a mountain ungulate, and red deer, originally adapted to open plains, would therefore be expected to differ in their physiological responses to potential stressors. Based on 742 chamois and 1557 red deer fecal samples collected year‐round every 2 weeks for 4 years at the same locations within a strictly protected area in the Swiss Alps, we analyzed glucocorticoid metabolite (FGM) concentrations for both species. Results from linear mixed effects models revealed no physiological stress response to changing visitor numbers, but instead to drought conditions for both species during summer. In winter, FGM concentrations increased with increasing snow height in both species, but this response was modulated by temperature in red deer. Chamois showed a stronger stress response to increasing snow height during November and December than between January and March, while FGM concentrations increased with decreasing temperature throughout winter. An increase in FGM concentrations with decreasing forage digestibility during winter was found only for red deer. The results are thus partly in contradiction to expectations based on feeding type and adaptations to different habitats between the two species. The lack of a response to forage digestibility in chamois may reflect either better adaptation to difficult feeding conditions in subalpine forests, or, by contrast, strong constraints imposed by forage quality. The similar responses of both species to weather conditions in winter suggest that climatic factors at the elevations examined here are sufficiently harsh to be limiting to temperate ungulates regardless of their specific adaptations to this environment.
Experiment and failure mechanism of cement sheath integrity under development and production conditions based on a mechanical equivalent theory
Authors: Su Donghua , Li Zaoyuan , Huang Sheng , Wu Xuning , Li Jin , Xue Yuantao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDuring their life cycle, high‐pressure gas wells experience circulating working fluid, acid fracturing, blow off, and other development and production conditions. This may lead to the failure of the cement sheath integrity and result in sustained casing pressure (SCP). Therefore, we explored the failure types and mechanisms of the cement sheath using different wellbore operating procedures. In this study, we used the downhole packer as the demarcation point; the integrity of the cement sheath at the upper and lower parts of the packer was tested through a self‐developed wellbore simulation device, which is based on the equivalent theory of cement sheath interface differential pressure. Results showed that the lower part of the single‐layer cement sheath underwent compressive strength failure due to the pressure drop in the wellbore before perforation. Plastic deformation of the cement sheath occurred during acid fracturing. In addition, the cooling effect caused by the acid fracturing led to the bonding failure at the cement sheath's second interface. The double‐layer cement sheath's inner‐layer cement sheath was subjected to tensile failure – attributed to high‐pressure – and the outer‐layer cement sheath maintained its integrity under the pressure changes. Considering the risk factors associated with integrity failure, we propose an engineering optimization plan in the study. The retest results showed that reducing the internal casing pressure and temperature and controlling the annular pressure in the production stage was beneficial in ensuring the integrity of the cement sheath at the lower and upper parts of the packer, respectively. The research results provided an important reference for ensuring the integrity of the cement sheath of high‐pressure gas wells.
The Biochar Derived from Carp for High‐Efficiency Solar Steam Generation and Water Purification
Authors: Qiao Hongtao , Zhao Baowei , Suo Xidong , Xie Xiaoming , Dang Lifang , Yang Jie , Zhang Bowen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEfficient utilization of solar energy to generate steam is a green and promising technology because of its great potential applications in seawater desalination and industrial wastewater purification. However, the practical application of high‐efficiency solar steam generation devices is largely overshadowed due to their complex process, high cost, low life‐span, and poor thermal performance. Here, novel meat and bonemeal biochar (MBB) with high solar steam generation efficiency is produced by pyrolyzing dead carp at 300, 400, and 500 °C under anoxic conditions. Attributed to its typical hydrophilic pore structure, the photon trapping ability of MBB500 is up to 97% and 84.1% in the ultraviolet and visible regions and near‐infrared light regions, respectively. Meanwhile, hydrophilic pore structural provides a strong capillary force for the rapid transmission of water. As a result, under 1 sun illumination (1 kW m−2), the water evaporation rate and the apparent energy conversion efficiency of MBB500 reach 1.48 kg m−2 h−1 and 131.2%, respectively. In addition, MBB500 also exhibits excellent seawater and heavy metal wastewater evaporation effects, providing a new manufacturing strategy for photo‐thermal materials, which greatly benefit their practical application in pure water regeneration.
COVID‐19 and the impact on gynecologic cancer care
Authors: Manchanda Ranjit , Oxley Samuel , Ghaem‐Maghami Sadaf , Sundar Sudha 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in significant reconfiguration of gynecologic cancer services and care pathways across the globe, with a transformation of working practices. Services had to adapt to protect their vulnerable patients from infection, whilst providing care despite reduced resources/capacity and staffing. The international gynecologic cancer community introduced modified clinical care guidelines. Remote working, reduced hospital visiting, routine COVID‐testing, and use of COVID‐free surgical areas/hubs enabled the ongoing and safe delivery of complex cancer care, with priority levels for cancer treatments established to guide decision‐making by multidisciplinary tumor boards. Some 2.3 million cancer surgeries were delayed or cancelled during the first peak, with many patients reporting significant anxiety/concern for cancer progression and COVID infection. Although COVID trials were prioritized, recruitment to other cancer trials/research activity was significantly reduced. The impact of resultant protocol deviations on outcomes remains to be established. During the recovery healthcare services must maintain capacity and flexibility to manage future surges of infection, address the large backlog of patients with altered or delayed treatments, along with salvaging screening and prevention services. Training needs/mental well‐being of trainees need addressing and staff burnout prevented. Future research needs to fully evaluate the impact of COVID‐19 on long‐term patient outcomes.
Examining bereavement‐related needs and outcomes among survivors of sudden loss: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Bottomley Jamison S. , Campbell Kevin W. , Neimeyer Robert A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveRecognizing important bereavement‐related needs among sudden loss survivors (e.g., suicide, overdose)—a population that is burgeoning and at risk for deleterious outcomes—is a critical task as needs may reflect modifiable grief‐related variables that can assist with post‐loss adjustment.MethodsLatent profile analysis was used among 347 sudden loss survivors to (a) identify distinct patterns of needs among survivors of sudden loss, (b) assess predictors of such profiles, and (c) investigate differences in profiles in terms of bereavement outcomes.ResultsFour classes of bereavement‐related needs were identified: a low needs class, a moderate needs‐spiritual class, a moderate needs‐relational class, and a high needs (HN) class. Clear differences emerged between need classes with the HN class evidencing the greatest level of grief and mental health sequelae.ConclusionTending to bereavement‐related needs is critical, as they indicate the degree of distress and reflect modifiable therapeutic variables.
Functional electrical stimulation to aid walking in patients with adrenomyeloneuropathy: A case study and observational series
Authors: Goodison William , Baron Fred , Seary Coralie , Murphy Elaine , Lachmann Robin , Stevenson Valerie L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAdrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) is a rare inherited condition where affected individuals develop slowly progressive spastic paraparesis with a gradual decline in walking ability. There is no cure for AMN and treatment focuses on supportive measures and aids. One treatment option is functional electrical stimulation (FES), a treatment, approved by The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), for managing foot drop in upper motor neuron disorders. Limited evidence exists for its use in AMN patients. We describe the effects of FES in an individual case and more broadly within a cohort of 21 patients successfully treated with FES. Patients with AMN referred for FES typically report frequent falls (71%) and foot drop (57%) as the most common barriers to walking. When using FES, walking speed at baseline (0.70 m/s [SD = 0.2]) was maintained at the 2‐year review (0.68 m/s [SD = 0.2]) with a persistent orthotic effect (improvement in walking speed when device on vs. off) seen from wearing FES over the same 2‐year period (11%–19%). Patient walking satisfaction (visual analogue scale: 0 – very dissatisfied; 10 – very satisfied) was also greater when comparing no‐FES versus FES over the same period (Year 1: 2.5 vs. 7.7; Year 2: 2.1 vs. 6.1). FES is not effective in all patients. Twelve patients referred found no benefit from the device; although there was no clear evidence, this was related to the degree of AMN associated peripheral neuropathy. However, FES is a safe, cost‐effective treatment option and should be considered, along with assessment in a multidisciplinary clinic, for all AMN patients with walking difficulties.