bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Nordic comparative study on sectorized psychiatry: characteristics of repeat users of emergency outpatient services in two Nordic psychiatric services. A 1-year follow-up study
Authors: Saarento O , Kastrup M , Hansson L 
Published: July 2002

SummaryTo characterise frequent use of psychiatric emergency outpatients services, this paper reports results from a prospective investigation of use of psychiatric services by new patients in two Nordic psychiatric services, Frederiksberg in Denmark and Oulu in Finland. One year treated incidence cohorts were used. Total number of patients included was 1,055. The repeat user was defined as a patient having at least three emergency outpatient contacts during a 1-year follow-up. The repeat users constituted 15.8% of the sample and 70.8% of all the emergency contacts in Frederiksberg. In Oulu the respective figures were 9.3% and 33.8%. The number of planned outpatient contacts or the number of hospital admissions of the repeat users did not differ from the non-repeaters. Repeaters in Frederiksberg were more likely to be self-referrals, male, divorced or unmarried, living with their parents, without their own housing, unemployed, aged between 25 and 44 years, and to have a diagnosis of dependency or personality disorder. In Oulu they did not differ from the other patients with regard to sociodemographic or diagnostic characteristics.
Psychometric qualities of the French version of the Heinrichs quality of life rating scale
Authors: Simon-Abbadi S. , Guelfi J.D. , Ginestet D. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe quality of life concept has been increasingly used as a major tool for patient care and clinical investigations. The Heinrichs quality of life scale (QLS) is the quality of life assessment method widely used in schizophrenic patients. The QLS was translated into its French version by J.D.Guelfi according the back-translation method. This version of the validation study included 60 schizophrenic inpatients. The scale possesses acceptable psychometric qualities. The test-retest reliability is good for nearly all items of the scale and for the categories and overall score. The internal consistency alpha-coefficients were 0.9 for the global score and varied between 0.6 and 0.9 according to the category. Factor analysis elicited four factors. Convergent validity is good. Recommendations for future use of the QLS are proposed.
Factors associated with vascular and neurological complications of hand-arm vibration syndrome among tire shop workers in Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Qamruddin Asraf A , Nik Husain Nik Rosmawati , Sidek Mohd Y , Hanafi Muhammad H , Mohd Ripin Zaidi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective
Prolonged exposure to hand-arm vibration (HAV) at the workplace is associated with hand-arm vascular syndrome (HAVS). This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the factors associated with the vascular and neurological complications of HAVS among tire shop workers in Kelantan, Malaysia.

Methods
A cross-sectional study involving 200 tire shop workers from two districts in Kelantan was conducted. Data were collected at the field using Malay Translated HAVS questionnaire, and hand-arm vibration was measured. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors.

Results
The prevalence of vascular and neurological complications of HAVS among the tire shop workers was 12.5% (95% CI: 10.16, 14.84) and 37.0% (95% CI: 30.31, 43.69), respectively. From multiple logistic regression analysis, only A(8) of HAV exposure was significantly associated with the development of vascular complications and A(8) of HAV exposure, age. and body mass index were significantly associated with the development of neurological complications of HAVS.

Conclusion
This study has identified that HAVS is a significant problem among workers exposed to HAV in a warm environment. A(8) of HAV exposure is significantly associated with the development of both vascular and neurological complications. Therefore, there is a need for better control of vibration exposure in Malaysia.
Progress in housing policy research activity in Dōjunkai: A study on the discussion and research in the process of establishing housing policy during World War II (2)
Authors: Horiuchi Keisuke , Nakae Ken 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDōjunkai was a nonprofit government foundation set up in 1924 to rebuild the areas hardest hit by the Great Kantō Earthquake of 1923. In the late 1930s, Dōjunkai established the Housing Policy Research Committee (HPRC). Previous studies have pointed out the importance of the research activity of this committee and demonstrated that some of its findings shaped the housing policy of wartime and postwar Japan. Less well known are the circumstances in which Dōjunkai became increasingly involved in policy research. This article is distinctive in that it examines Dōjunkai's research within a broad temporal lens, beginning with the founding of the corporation, and in doing so, it analyzes the circumstances in which the HPRC was established. Two novel findings are revealed: 1. Dōjunkai increasingly developed an organizational footing for research after establishing the Research Section and launching a research series titled, “Research into Building and Maintenance of Small Houses.” 2. Having accumulated a body of findings on the housing policies of foreign governments, Dōjunkai established the HPRC because the relevant government ministry lacked its own organizational apparatus for researching housing policy.
Validation of accuracy deformable image registration contour propagation using a benchmark virtual HN phantom dataset
Authors: Boyd Robert , Basavatia Amar , Tomé Wolfgang A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractVirtual anatomic phantoms offer precise voxel mapping of the variation of anatomy with ground truth deformation vector fields (DVFs). Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and mean distance to agreement (MDA) are the standard metrics for evaluating geometric contour congruence when testing deformable registration (DIR) algorithms. A HN virtual patient phantom data set was used for a kVCT‐kVCT automatic propagation contour validation study employing the Accuray DIR algorithm. Furthermore, since TomoTherapy uses MVCT images of the relevant anatomy for adaptive monitoring, the kVCT image data set quality was transformed to an MVCT image data set quality to study intermodal kVCT‐MVCT DIR accuracy. The results of the study indicate that the Accuray DIR algorithm can be expected to autopropagate HN contours adequately, on average, within tolerances recommended by TG‐132 (DSC 0.8‐0.9, MDA within voxel width). However, contours critical to dosimetric planning should always be visually proofed for accuracy. Using standard reconstruction MVCT image quality causes slightly less, but acceptable, agreement with ground truth contours.
Substrate‐Versatile Direct‐Write Printing of Carbon Nanotube‐Based Flexible Conductors, Circuits, and Sensors
Authors: Owens Crystal E. , Headrick Robert J. , Williams Steven M. , Fike Amanda J. , Pasquali Matteo , McKinley Gareth H. , Hart A. John 
Published: May 2021

AbstractManufacturing of printed electronics relies on the deposition of conductive liquid inks, typically onto polymeric or paper substrates. Among available conductive fillers for use in electronic inks, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have high conductivity, low density, processability at low temperatures, and intrinsic mechanical flexibility. However, the electrical conductivity of printed CNT structures has been limited by CNT quality and concentration, and by the need for nonconductive modifiers to make the ink stable and extrudable. This study introduces a polymer‐free, printable aqueous CNT ink, and, via an ambient direct‐write printing process, presents the relationships between printing resolution, ink rheology, and ink‐substrate interactions. A model is constructed to predict printed feature sizes on impermeable substrates based on Wenzel wetting. Printed lines have conductivity up to 10 000 S m−1. The lines are flexible, with <5% change in DC resistance after 1000 bending cycles, and <3% change in DC resistance with a bending radius down to 1 mm. Demonstrations focus on i) conformality, via printing CNTs onto stickers that can be applied to curved surfaces, ii) interactivity using a CNT‐based button printed onto folded paper structure, and iii) capacitive sensing of liquid wicking into the substrate itself. Facile integration of surface mount components on printed circuits is enabled by the intrinsic adhesion of the wet ink.
Maskless Preparation of Spatially‐Resolved Plasmonic Nanoparticles on Polydimethylsiloxane via In Situ Fluoride‐Assisted Synthesis
Authors: Mariani Stefano , La Mattina Antonino Amedeo , Paghi Alessandro , Strambini Lucanos , Barillaro Giuseppe 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHere, a fluoride‐assisted route for the controlled in‐situ synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs) (i.e., AgNPs, AuNPs) on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is reported. The size and coverage of the NPs on the PDMS surface are modulated with time and over space during the synthetic process, leveraging the improved yield (10×) and faster kinetics (100×) of NP formation in the presence of F−ions, compared to fluoride‐free approaches. This enables the maskless preparation of both linear and step gradients and patterns of NPs in 1D and 2D on the PDMS surface. As an application in flexible plasmonics/photonics, continuous and step‐wise spatial modulations of the plasmonic features of PDMS slabs with 1D and 2D AgNP gradients on the surface are demonstrated. An excellent spatially resolved tuning of key optical parameters, namely, optical density from zero to 5 and extinction ratio up to 100 dB, is achieved with AgNP gradients prepared in AgF solution for 12 minutes; the performance are comparable to those of commercial dielectric/interference filters. When used as a rejection filter in optical fluorescence microscopy, the AgNP‐PDMS slabs are able to reject the excitation laser at 405 nm and retain the green fluorescence of microbeads (100 µm) used as test cases.
A One‐Pot Universal Approach to Fabricate Lubricant‐Infused Slippery Surfaces on Solid Substrates
Authors: Tesler Alexander B. , Prado Lucia H. , Khusniyarov Marat M. , Thievessen Ingo , Mazare Anca , Fischer Lena , Virtanen Sannakaisa , Goldmann Wolfgang H. , Schmuki Patrik 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWetting is a surface phenomenon that commonly occurs in nature and has an enormous influence on human life. Slippery liquid‐infused porous surfaces have recently been developed to support the growing demand for anti‐fouling coatings. While short‐chain fluorinated compounds, commonly used to reduce the surface energy of substrates, are banned due to environmental toxicity, silane‐based compounds are expensive and barely scalable. In this sense, silicone‐based chemistry may match the gap as a real alternative. However, the grafting approaches demonstrated so far suffered from either slow binding kinetics or are applied under harsh conditions. Here, it is demonstrated that polydimethylsiloxanes graft to virtually any substrate when illuminated by UV light serving simultaneously as a reducing surface energy agent and infusing lubricant. This procedure is applied on metals, metal oxides, and ceramics of various surface morphologies. The proposed approach is simple, fast, scalable, environmentally friendly, and of low‐cost, yet forms stable lubricant‐infused slippery surfaces by a one‐pot process. Due to the biocompatibility of silicone‐based compounds, the process is examined on plain medically applicable substrates such as scalpel blades and glass lenses that display enhanced corrosion resistance, reduced friction through incision, and repel blood staining and bacterial adhesion without deteriorating their mechanical and optical characteristics.
Interfacial Engineering of Nickel Hydroxide on Cobalt Phosphide for Alkaline Water Electrocatalysis
Authors: Yu Xiaowen , Zhao Jun , Johnsson Mats 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCatalysts based on earth‐abundant non‐noble metals are interesting candidates for alkaline water electrolysis in sustainable hydrogen economies. However, such catalysts often suffer from high overpotential and sluggish kinetics in both the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER). In this study, a hybrid catalyst made of iron‐doped cobalt phosphide (Fe‐CoP) nanowire arrays and Ni(OH)2 nanosheets is introduced that displays strong electronic interactions at the interface, which significantly improves the interfacial reactivity of reactants and/or intermediates with the hybrid catalyst surface. The combined experimental and theoretical study further confirms that the hybrid catalyst promotes the sluggish rate‐limiting steps in both the HER and OER. Full water electrolysis is thus enabled to take place at such a low cell voltage as 1.52 V to reach the current density of 10 mA cm−2 along with superior durability and high conversion efficiency.
2D Honeycomb‐Kagome Polymer Tandem as Effective Metal‐Free Photocatalysts for Water Splitting
Authors: Jing Yu , Zhou Zhenpei , Geng Weixiang , Zhu Xinyue , Heine Thomas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOn the basis of first‐principles calculations, the potential of applying 2D honeycomb‐kagome polymers made of heteroatom‐centered triangulene derivatives to photocatalyze water splitting is explored. The designed 2D polymers possess indirect bandgaps in the range of 1.80–2.84 eV and show pronounced light absorption in the ultraviolet and visible region of the solar spectrum. With suitable band edge alignment, the examined N‐ and B‐center polymers can generate sufficient photon‐excited electrons and holes to activate the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, respectively. The combination of lattice‐inherent band features (flat bands) with chemical functionalization (potential shift due to heteroatoms) makes it possible to construct tandem cells with suppressed electron/hole recombination for effective overall water splitting. In addition, there is a potential difference between the half‐electrodes that can be utlized to power​ auxiliary components in self‐sufficient photocatalyzers.
Long‐Persistent Luminescence from an Exciplex‐Based Organic Light‐Emitting Diode
Authors: Tan Shinichi , Jinnai Kazuya , Kabe Ryota , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOrganic long‐persistent luminescent systems (OLPLs) exhibiting long‐lasting emission after photoexcitation consist of organic electron donors and acceptors, that are widely used in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). Although OLPLs and OLEDs include very similar excitonic processes, long‐lasting emission has never been observed in OLEDs. This study confirms the presence of long‐persistent luminescence (LPL) under electrical excitation.
Delivering Antisense Oligonucleotides across the Blood‐Brain Barrier by Tumor Cell‐Derived Small Apoptotic Bodies
Authors: Wang Yulian , Pang Jiayun , Wang Qingyun , Yan Luocheng , Wang Lintao , Xing Zhen , Wang Chunming , Zhang Junfeng , Dong Lei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe blood‐brain barrier (BBB) is the most restrictive and complicated barrier that keeps most biomolecules and drugs from the brain. An efficient brain delivery strategy is urgently needed for the treatment of brain diseases. Based on the studies of brain‐targeting extracellular vesicles (EVs), the potential of using small apoptotic bodies (sABs) from brain metastatic cancer cells for brain‐targeting drug delivery is explored. It is found that anti‐TNF‐α antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) combined with cationic konjac glucomannan (cKGM) can be successfully loaded into sABs via a transfection/apoptosis induction process and that the sABs generated by B16F10 cells have an extraordinarily high brain delivery efficiency. Further studies suggest that ASO‐loaded sABs (sCABs) are transcytosed by b. End3 (brain microvascular endothelial cells, BMECs) to penetrate the BBB, which is mediated by CD44v6, and eventually taken up by microglial cells in the brain. In a Parkinson's disease (PD) mouse model, sCABs dramatically ameliorate PD symptoms via the anti‐inflammatory effect of ASO. This study suggests that sABs from brain metastatic cancer cells are excellent carriers for brain‐targeted delivery, as they have not only an extraordinary delivery efficiency but also a much higher scale‐up production potential than other EVs.
The standardized letter of evaluation in emergency medicine: Are the qualifications useful?
Authors: Miller Danielle T. , Krzyzaniak Sara , Mannix Alexandra , Alvarez Al’ai , Chan Teresa , Davenport Dayle , Eraso Daniel , Foote C. J. , Gore Katarzyna , Parsons Melissa , Gottlieb Michael 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe standardized letter of evaluation (SLOE) in emergency medicine (EM) is a widely used metric for determining interview invitations and ranking of candidates. Previous research has questioned the validity of certain sections of the SLOE. However, there remains a paucity of literature on the qualifications for EM section, which evaluates seven attributes of applicants. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the qualifications questions and grades, global assessment, and anticipated rank list position for EM applicants.MethodsA multi‐institutional cross‐sectional study was performed using SLOEs from applicants to three geographically distinct U.S. EM residency programs during the 2019–2020 application cycle. We abstracted EM rotation grade, qualifications scores, global assessment, and anticipated rank list position from the SLOEs. A Spearman correlation was calculated between each of the qualifications scores and the applicant's grades, global assessment, and anticipated rank list position in a pairwise fashion.ResultsIn total, 2,106 unique applicants (4,939 SLOEs) were included. Of the seven qualifications for EM questions, three were moderately to strongly correlated with global assessment and anticipated rank list position: “ability to develop and justify an appropriate differential and a cohesive treatment plan” (ρ = 0.65 and ρ = 0.63, respectively; p < 0.001), “how much guidance do you predict this applicant will need during residency?” (ρ = 0.68 and ρ = 0.68, respectively; p < 0.001), and “what is your prediction of success for the applicant?” (ρ = 0.69 and ρ = 0.69, respectively; p < 0.001). There was no strong correlation between the seven qualifications and grades.ConclusionsThere was a moderate to strong correlation between three of seven qualifications for EM questions (ability to develop and justify a differential and develop a cohesive plan, anticipated need for the amount of guidance, and prediction of success) with both global assessment and anticipated rank list position, suggesting that these qualifications may provide the most useful data to residency selection while some of the other factors may not be needed.
Hidden Markov model based approach for diagnosing cause of alarm signals
Authors: Ariamuthu Venkidasalapathy Joshiba , Kravaris Costas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWhen a fault occurs in a process, it slowly propagates within the system and affects the measurements triggering a sequence of alarms in the control room. The operators are required to diagnose the cause of alarms and take necessary corrective measures. The idea of representing the alarm sequence as the fault propagation path and using the propagation path to diagnose the fault is explored. A diagnoser based on hidden Markov model is built to identify the cause of the alarm signals. The proposed approach is applied to an industrial case study: Tennessee Eastman process. The results show that the proposed approach is successful in determining the probable cause of alarms generated with high accuracy. The model was able to identify the cause accurately, even when tested with short alarm sub‐sequences. This allows for early identification of faults, providing more time to the operator to restore the system to normal operation.
Genetic heterogeneity of disorders with overgrowth and intellectual disability: Experience from a center in North India
Authors: Moirangthem Amita , Mandal Kausik , Saxena Deepti , Srivastava Priyanka , Gambhir Poonam Singh , Agrawal Neha , Shambhavi Arya , Nampoothiri Sheela , Phadke Shubha R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOvergrowth, defined as height and/or OFC ≥ +2SD, characterizes a subset of patients with syndromic intellectual disability (ID). Many of the disorders with overgrowth and ID (OGID) are rare and the full phenotypic and genotypic spectra have not been unraveled. This study was undertaken to characterize the phenotypic and genotypic profile of patients with OGID. Patients with OGID were ascertained from the cohort of patients who underwent cytogenetic microarray (CMA) and/or exome sequencing (ES) at our center over a period of 6 years. Thirty‐one subjects (six females) formed the study group with ages between 3.5 months and 13 years. CMA identified pathogenic deletions in two patients. In another 11 patients, a disease causing variant was detected by ES. The spectrum of disorders encompassed aberrations in genes involved in the two main pathways associated with OGID. These were genes involved in epigenetic regulation like NSD1, NFIX, FOXP1, and those in the PI3K‐AKT pathway like PTEN, AKT3, TSC2, PPP2R5D. Five novel pathogenic variants were added by this study. NSD1‐related Sotos syndrome was the most common disorder, seen in five patients. A causative variant was identified in 61.5% of patients who underwent only ES compared to the low yield of 11.1% in the CMA group. The molecular etiology could be confirmed in 13 subjects with OGID giving a diagnostic yield of 42%. The major burden was formed by autosomal dominant monogenic disorders. Hence, ES maybe a better first‐tier genomic test rather than CMA in OGID.
Intrinsic flame retardancy of poly(lactic acid) bead foams
Authors: Höhne Carl‐Christoph , Schmidt Robert , Berner Valeria , Metzsch‐Zilligen Elke , Westphal Erik , Pfaendner Rudolf , Mack Christoph 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLinear economy models are no longer acceptable for the plastic industry and a change to a sustainable circular plastic economy must take place. In the field of thermoplastic foams, the biopolymer poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a suitable alternative for fossil based foams like polystyrene. However, the production of PLA bead foams is still a challenge. In regards to circular plastic economy products, a reduction of the needed polymer additives is aspired to simplify the union of end‐of‐life plastic streams. Flame retardants (FR) are required in many applications and are often the largest proportion of additives. It turns out that the removal of FRs, for example the removal of the REACh registered FR hexabromocyclododecane for polystyrene foams, requires a great effort. This paper shows that PLA bead foams require no FR to achieve a class E classification for construction products. Therefore, nine PLA types are analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, gel permeation chromatography, and rheotens measurements. From five types, PLA bead foams could be produced with two different densities. In addition, PLA bead foams containing 1.5 wt% alkoxy amine FR were produced. The flammability of the PLA bead foams was investigated by LOI, DIN‐4102‐1‐B2, and cone calorimeter tests.