bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NOMA‐enabled D2D adaptive relaying and transmission in cellular networks
Authors: Yu Shanshan , Zhai Chao , Zhang Xiaoqing , Liu Ju 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWith the aim of improving the spectrum efficiency, we propose a two‐phase cellular non‐orthogonal and device‐to‐device (D2D) non‐orthogonal (CNDN) transmission scheme, wherein a base station (BS) can transmit data to a near‐user and a far‐user simultaneously assisted by two D2D users. Either the D2D transmitter or the D2D receiver can adaptively forward the BS data to the far‐user according to their decoding statuses. When the D2D transmitter forwards the cellular data, it also transmits its own data to the D2D receiver simultaneously. The superposition coding technique is adopted for the non‐orthogonal transmission and the opportunistic interference cancelation is performed for the data decoding. Taking into account the adaptive operations of cellular and D2D users, we analyze the throughput of both cellular and D2D systems. Extensive simulations show that the proposed CNDN scheme greatly outperforms the cellular orthogonal and D2D non‐orthogonal (CODN) transmission scheme in terms of throughput.
Foamed geopolymers for fire protection: Burn‐through testing and modeling
Authors: Bourbigot Serge , Sarazin Johan , Davy Catherine A. , Fontaine Gaëlle 
Published: December 2021

SummaryGeopolymer (GP) foam as a fire protective coating was synthesized, deposited on a steel plate, hardened and evaluated using a burn‐through test at a reduced scale. It was shown that the GP foam acts as an efficient fire barrier (with 250°C reduction compared to virgin steel evaluated in the same conditions). A numerical model using Comsol Multiphysics (finite element code) was performed to simulate the fire behavior of the GP foam. It was based on the complete characterization of the GP foam to provide accurate input data for the model. The latter captures well the temperature rise, including the endothermal effect due to water vaporization. A parametric study of the porosity and the emissivity at the surface of the GP foam brings new insights to optimize the performance of the GP foam. It is shown that a porosity of 90% and an emissivity lower than 0.75 should provide the highest performance to GP foam. The fabrication of an optimized GP foam is feasible using a technology of low emissivity thin coating and by adjusting the synthesis of the GP foam to increase its porosity.
Mapping the conformational epitope of a therapeutic monoclonal antibody against HBsAg by in vivo selection of HBV escape variants
Authors: Wu Chang‐Ru , Kim Hyun‐Jin , Sun Cheng‐Pu , Chung Chen‐Yen , Lin You‐Yu , Tao Mi‐Hua , Kim Jung‐Hwan , Chen Ding‐Shinn , Chen Pei‐Jer 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) has been routinely applied in the liver transplantation setting to block HBV reinfection of grafts. However, new monoclonal anti‐HBV surface antibodies have been developed to replace HBIG. The epitopes of such monoclonal antibodies may affect the emergence of escape variants and deserve study.

Approach and Results
The conformational epitope of sLenvervimab, a surrogate form of Lenvervimab, which is a monoclonal anti‐HBsAg antibody currently under phase 3 trial, was investigated by selecting escape mutants from a human liver chimeric mouse. HBV‐infected chimeric mice treated with sLenvervimab monotherapy showed an initial decline in circulating HBsAg levels, followed by a quick rebound in 1 month. Sequencing of circulating or liver HBV DNA revealed emerging variants, with replacement of amino acid E164 or T140, two residues widely separated in HBsAg. E164 HBV variants strongly resisted sLenvervimab neutralization in cell culture infection, and the T140 variant moderately resisted sLenvervimab neutralization. Natural HBV variants with amino‐acid replacements adjacent to E164 were constructed and examined for sLenvervimab neutralization effects. Variants with K160 replacement also resisted neutralization. These data revealed the conformational epitope of sLenvervimab.

Conclusions
Selection of antibody‐escape HBV variants in human chimeric mice works efficiently. Analysis of such emerging variants helps to identify anchor amino‐acid residues of the conformational epitope that are difficult to discover by conventional approaches.
Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h blocks the cell cycle of Spodoptera exigua fat body cells at G2/M phase by downregulating cyclin B1 and cyclin‐dependent kinase 1
Authors: Song Xiao‐Hui , Li Ni , Yang Chang‐Jin , Wu Yanyang , Huang Guo‐Hua 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAscoviruses are double‐stranded DNA viruses that are pathogenic to noctuid larvae. In vitro infection causes the cells to fail to replicate and proliferate normally. However, the molecular mechanisms are unclear. In this study, the transmission electron microscopy data of infected‐Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) fat body cells (SeFB, IOZCAS‐SpexII‐A cells) showed that virions were internalized in phagocytic vesicles, but not in the nucleus. FACS of cell‐cycle progression was performed in SeFB cells infected with Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV‐3h). The cell cycle phase distributions of the SeFB cells were G1 = 29.52 ± 1.10%, S = 30.33 ± 1.19%, and G2/M = 40.06 ± 0.75%. The cell culture doubling time was approximately 24 h. The G1, S, and G2/M phases were each approximately 8 h. The unsynchronized or synchronized cells were arrested at G2/M phase after infection with HvAV‐3h. Our data also showed that cells with more than 4N DNA content appeared in the HvAV‐3h‐treated group. While the mRNA levels of cyclin B1, cyclin H, and cyclin‐dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) were downregulated after HvAV‐3h infection, the mRNA expression levels of cyclin A, cyclin D, and cyclin B2 were not significantly changed. Western blotting results showed that the expression of cyclin B1 and CDK1 in infected SeFB cells within 24 h postinfection (hpi), and HvAV‐3h infection inhibited the expression of cyclin B1 and CDK1 at 12–24 hpi. Overall, these data implied that HvAV‐3h infection leads to an accumulation of cells in the G2/M phases by downregulating the expression of cyclin B1 and CDK1.
Incidence of epicardial connections between the right pulmonary vein carina and right atrium during catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: A comparison between the conventional method and unipolar signal modification
Authors: Yano Hiroki , Nishida Taku , Sugiura Junichi , Keshi Ayaka , Kanaoka Koshiro , Terasaki Satoshi , Hashimoto Yukihiro , Nakada Yasuki , Nakagawa Hitoshi , Ueda Tomoya , Seno Ayako , Onoue Kenji , Watanabe Makoto , Saito Yoshihiko 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhen performing an electrical isolation of ipsilateral pulmonary veins (PVs) for atrial fibrillation, physicians often need additional radiofrequency (RF) ablation in the carina region between the superior and inferior PVs to achieve a right PV isolation because of intercaval bundles between the right PVs and right atrium (RA). We compared the efficacy of a high‐power and short‐duration ablation guided by unipolar signal modification (UM) with the conventional method (CM) for ablating epicardial connections between the right PV carina and RA.MethodsThe study subjects consisted of patients who underwent an initial box isolation of atrial fibrillation from January 2015 to December 2019 at Nara Medical University Hospital. Among these patients, 94 and 65 patients who met the criteria were assigned to the CM and UM groups, respectively. We retrospectively analyzed the anterior ablation line of the right PV using an electroanatomical mapping system. Patients whose initial ablation line included the right PV carina were excluded.ResultsSix and seven patients were, respectively, excluded from the CM and UM groups. Among 88 CM group patients, 21 needed additional right PV carina ablation, while among 58 UM group patients, 30 needed additional right PV carina ablation (p = .001). No anatomical factors were associated with the additional right PV carina ablation.ConclusionsCompared to the CM group, a box isolation was less achievable without RF ablation at the right PV carina in the UM group. We should consider a long‐duration ablation for epicardial connections between the right PV carina and RA.
Technical note: Optical imaging of lithium‐containing zinc sulfate plate in water during irradiation of neutrons from boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) system
Authors: Yamamoto Seiichi , Yabe Takuya , Hu Naonori , Kanai Yasukazu , Tanaka Hiroki , Ono Koji 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPurposeOptical imaging of ionizing radiation is a possible method for dose distribution measurements. However, it is not clear whether the imaging method is also applicable to neutrons. To clarify this, we performed the imaging of neutrons in water from boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) systems. Such systems require efficient distribution measurements of neutrons for quality assessment (QA) of the beams.MethodA water‐filled phantom was irradiated from the side with an epithermal neutron beam, in which a lithium‐containing zinc sulfate (Li‐ZnS(Ag)) plate was set in the beam direction, and during this irradiation the scintillation of the plate was imaged using a cooled charge‐coupled device (CCD) camera. In the imaging, Li‐6 in the Li‐ZnS(Ag) plate captures neutrons and converts them to alpha particles (He‐4) and tritium (H‐3), while ZnS(Ag) in the Li‐ZnS(Ag) plate produces scintillation light in the plate. We also conducted Monte Carlo simulation and compared its results with the experimental results.ResultsThe image of the emitted light from the Li‐ZnS(Ag) plate was clearly obtained with an imaging time of 0.5 s. The depth and lateral profiles of the measured image using the Li‐ZnS(Ag) plate showed the same shapes as the neutron distributions measured with gold foil, within a difference of 8%. The destructive effect of neutrons on the CCD camera increased approximately three times, but the unit was still working after the measurement.ConclusionThe optical imaging of neutrons in water is possible, and it has the potential to be a new method for efficient QA as well as for research on neutrons.
Mapping intracellular pH in tumors using amide and guanidyl CEST‐MRI at 9.4 T
Authors: Boyd Philip S. , Breitling Johannes , Korzowski Andreas , Zaiss Moritz , Franke Vanessa L. , Mueller‐Decker Karin , Glinka Andrey , Ladd Mark E. , Bachert Peter , Goerke Steffen 
Published: December 2021

PurposeIn principle, non‐invasive mapping of the intracellular pH (pHi) in vivo is possible using endogenous chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)‐MRI of the amide and guanidyl signals. However, the application for cancer imaging is still impeded, as current state‐of‐the‐art approaches do not allow for simultaneous compensation of concomitant effects that vary within tumors. In this study, we present a novel method for absolute pHi mapping using endogenous CEST‐MRI, which simultaneously compensates for concentration changes, superimposing CEST signals, magnetization transfer contrast, and spillover dilution.Theory and MethodsCompensation of the concomitant effects was achieved by a ratiometric approach (i.e. the ratio of one CEST signal at different B1) in combination with the relaxation‐compensated inverse magnetization transfer ratio MTRRex and a separate first‐order polynomial‐Lorentzian fit of the amide and guanidyl signals at 9.4 T. Calibration of pH values was accomplished using in vivo‐like model suspensions from porcine brain lysates. Applicability of the presented method in vivo was demonstrated in n = 19 tumor‐bearing mice.ResultsIn porcine brain lysates, measurement of pH was feasible over a broad range of physiologically relevant pH values of 6.2 to 8.0, while being independent of changes in concentration. A median pHi of approximately 7.2 was found in the lesions of 19 tumor‐bearing mice.ConclusionThe presented method enables non‐invasive mapping of absolute pHi values in tumors using CEST‐MRI, which was so far prevented by concomitant effects. Consequently, pre‐clinical studies on pHi changes in tumors are possible allowing the assessment of pHi in vivo as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis or treatment monitoring.
A writable aniline‐functionalized polydiacetylene composite with obvious colorimetric change upon both heating and near infrared lights irradiation
Authors: Ding Zhaofu , Zhu Haibin , Zhao Xianjun , Liu Shaohui , Lalevée Jacques , Xu Yangyang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDue to the unique optical and chromatic properties toward various external stimuli, conjugated polydiacetylene (PDA) materials are attracting a great attention from scientists. And the fabrication of PDA embedded composites would further expand the application prospect. In this work, aniline substituted diacetylene derivative was embedded into wax matrix to form a writable composite. After UV induced 1,4‐topochemical polymerization, the patterns generated from the PDA/wax composite showed clearly a blue‐to‐purple‐to‐red colorimetric change upon thermal stimulus. More interestingly, with the introduction of two representative near‐infrared (NIR) dyes to the composite, the PDA also showed blue‐to‐red chromatic transition in response to distinctive NIR lights irradiation.
Registration of the slow‐darkening pinto common bean cultivar ‘Wildcat’
Authors: Urrea Carlos A. , Pastor‐Corrales Marcial A. , Valentini Giseli , Xavier Larissa F. S. , Sanchez‐Betancourt Erika 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSlow‐darkening pinto common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar ‘Wildcat’ (Reg. no. CV‐345, PI 698190) was released by the University of Nebraska dry bean breeding program in 2018. It was bred for adaptation to western Nebraska growing conditions and enhanced resistance to bean rust, common bacterial blight (CBB), and Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV). The yield of Wildcat was comparable to conventional and slow‐darkening pinto bean cultivars grown in Nebraska from 2015 to 2020. During the 2017 Western Regional Bean Trial, 2017 Midwest Regional Performance Nursery, and 2018 Cooperative Dry Bean Nursery, Wildcat had a higher seed yield than ‘Twin Falls’, ‘Nez Perce’, ‘Black Foot’, ‘Montrose’, ‘Buster’, ‘ND‐Palomino’, and ‘La Paz’ at some locations. Wildcat has the Ur‐11 gene that confers resistance to all but one known bean rust race and carries the Indel NDSU_IND_11_48.459.896 marker tagging the Ur‐11 locus. Wildcat also has the SAP6 sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker linked to a major CBB resistance quantitative trait locus, with an intermediate CBB rating (5.0) under field conditions at western Nebraska in 2020. Wildcat also carries the single dominant I gene that confers resistance to all non‐necrotic strains of BCMV and the SW13 SCAR marker linked to the I gene for resistance to BCMV. Wildcat has white flowers, blooms 46 d after planting, and is a full‐season bean, maturing 93 d after planting. The seed size of Wildcat, 43.3 g 100 seeds–1 on average, was significantly larger than current conventional and slow‐darkening pinto beans.
Registration of IA100RPS and IA101RPS sorghum inbred lines for photoperiod‐sensitive biomass hybrids
Authors: Salas‐Fernandez Maria Guadalupe , Kemp Joshua 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] parental inbred lines IA100RPS (Reg. no. PL‐319, PI 698107) and IA101RPS (Reg. no. PL‐320, PI 698108) were developed by the Iowa State University sorghum breeding program in Boone, IA, and released in 2019. These restorer inbred lines were generated to provide the forage and biofuel industry with improved germplasm capable of producing photoperiod‐sensitive hybrids with high biomass yield adapted to northern latitudes. IA100RPS and IA101RPS were developed using the pedigree breeding method from the cross of P89008 and RTx2910. IA100RPS is a purple plant with red grain, ∼2.4 m tall, that flowers on average 70 d after planting. IA101RPS is a tan plant with red grain, ∼2.1 m tall, that flowers on average 72 d after planting. From 2015 to 2018, both lines were evaluated in testcross combinations with a set of public A‐lines in multiple locations in the state of Iowa. Hybrids generated with IA100RPS and IA101RPS had significantly higher biomass yield than those derived from RTx2910 and RTx2909, with superior lodging resistance and higher dry matter content. This germplasm adapted to northern latitudes represents novel inbred lines with good general combining ability for the production of photoperiod‐sensitive forage or biofuel hybrids and could be used as parental sources for the development of improved sorghum lines with adaptation to the midwestern United States.
Anisotropic Plasmonic Effect on Ag Nanoparticles under Microwave‐Induced Plasma‐in‐Liquid: Insight into Growth Mechanism
Authors: Bharti Amardeep , Bhardwaj Richa , Goyal Navdeep 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAnisotropic nanoparticles are a potential foundation for emerging materials engineering having anomalous properties often to an extraordinary degree‐enabling widespread new applications. In the bottom‐up approach, isotropic nanoparticles are formed by self‐assembly following the basic packing rule but lack directional interaction. On the other hand, anisotropic nanoparticles involve complex programmability having directional interaction and thus become of utmost interest in science and technology. In this paper, the anisotropic plasmonic effects in silver (Ag) nanoparticles under microwave‐induced plasma‐in‐liquid‐assisted decomposition of saccharides and di‐saccharides following the green chemistry process are investigated. The effect of microwave power, irradiation time, and relative chemical composition has been investigated in detail using extinction spectroscopy and Mie theory. The relationship between extinction curve shape parameter (S) and Mie theory has been established. The extinction spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study confirm the existence of anisotropic plasmonic effects in Ag nanoparticles following two‐generation growth mechanisms having an average particle size of 2 and 32 nm. This technique offers rapid (20–40 sec) bulk production and is cost/energy effective than the conventional synthesis route.
Copper Oxide/HKUST‐1 Composite Catalyst as Thermal Decomposition Modifier on Ammonium Perchlorate
Authors: Nair Savitha , Francis Tony , Nair C. P. Reghunadhan , Mathew Suresh 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMetal‐organic framework and graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) are structures of high specific surface area. The Cu2+ incorporated classical metal‐organic frameworks (HKUST‐1) synthesized by the solvothermal method was used for the synthesis of ternary composite catalyst. When copper oxide was loaded into HKUST‐1/g‐C3N4, the resulting composite system was found to be highly effective catalysts for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The doped metal oxide in HKUST‐1/g‐C3N4 functioned as a catalyst for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. The composite catalyst was characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The effect of composite catalyst on the thermal decomposition of AP was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results indicated that the composite system showed excellent catalytic activity towards the thermal decomposition of AP. The high‐temperature decomposition of AP decreased by 72 °C on using HKUST‐1 based ternary composite catalyst. The large surface area of HKUST‐1, g‐C3N4, and copper oxide nanoparticles play key roles in reducing the decomposition temperature. This was further confirmed by the kinetic analysis of the sample using the Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose method.
A simulation‐based comparison of estimation methods for adaptive and classical group sequential clinical trials
Authors: Nelson Bryan S. , Liu Lingyun , Mehta Cyrus 
Published: December 2021

AbstractStatistical methods for controlling the type‐I error of hypothesis tests in adaptive group sequential clinical trials are well established and well understood. However, methods for obtaining statistically valid point estimates and confidence intervals for adaptive designs are not as well established or as well understood. At the end of an adaptive trial, one may calculate the repeated confidence interval (RCI), which provides conservative coverage of , or the backward image confidence interval (BWCI), which provides exact coverage of and is an extension of the stagewise adjusted confidence interval (SWCI, used in classical group sequential designs). The BWCI can also provide a median unbiased estimate (MUE) of . There is a need to better understand the coverage and possible biases associated with these methods. We conducted a simulation study exploring parameter estimation following sample size reestimation based on testing methods with strong control of type‐I error. Generally, the BWCI provided exact coverage, the naïve CI provided inconsistent coverage, and the RCI provided conservative coverage. Additionally, we note considerable asymmetry in the coverage from above/from below for the RCI, although we did not see any instance where the 95% RCI excluded the true parameter more than 2.5% on either side. At the end of an adaptive group sequential trial, we strongly recommend the use of the BWCI (and associated MUE), with the RCI computed during interim looks; the naïve CI should be avoided. These results and conclusions also hold true for classical group sequential designs.
On the location‐based memory type control charts under modified successive sampling scheme
Authors: Hyder Mehvish , Mahmood Tahir , Butt Muhammad Moeen , Raza Syed Muhammad Muslim , Abbas Nasir 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe magnificent seven statistical process control (SPC) tools are commonly used to monitor the variation in the process. Control charts are the most efficient and real‐time monitoring tool from the SPC toolkit. A control chart visually differentiates the effect of special or inherent cause variations and indicates the process as out‐of‐control when such a special cause exists. For single occasion problems, simple random sampling (SRS) is used as a sampling design. When the quality of a product is assessed at regular intervals, then modified successive sampling (MSS) is chosen as the preferred sampling mechanism. Hence, this paper intends to propose EWMA‐MSS(S) and CUSUM‐MSS(S) charts under MSS schemes to monitor moderate to small shifts in the location parameter of a process. We presented the performance evaluation of EWMA‐MSS(S) and CUSUM‐MSS(S) charts in terms of run length metrics and compared them with the Shewhart‐MSS(S) control chart. The outcomes show that the EWMA‐MSS(S) perform amazingly well as compared to the Shewhart‐MSS(S) and CUSUM‐MSS(S) control charts. Further, illustration of the proposed charts on the QSAR aquatic toxicity dataset is also used to demonstrate the application of the proposed charts.