bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly diluted medication reduces tissue parasitism and inflammation in mice infected with Trypanosoma cruzi
Authors: Lopes Carina Ribeiro , Falkowski Gislaine Janaina , Brustolin Camila Fernanda Brustolin Fernanda , Massini Paula Fernanda , Ferreira Erika Cristina , Moreira Neide Martins , Aleixo Denise Lessa , AraÃºjo Silvana Marques de 
Published: August 2021

Background: The search for new therapeutic approaches with fewer side effects and better treatment efficacy to the Chagas Disease has been a major challenge.
Aim: To evaluate the effects of Kalium causticum, Conium maculatum, and Lycopodium clavatum 13 cH in mice inoculated with the Y strain of Trypanosoma cruzi.
Materials and methods: In a blind, controlled, randomized study, 102 male Swiss mice, eight weeks old, were inoculated with 1,400 trypomastigotes of the Y strain of T. cruzi and distributed into the following groups: CI (treated with 7% hydroalcoholic solution), Ca (treated with Kalium causticum 13cH), Co (treated with Conium maculatum 13cH), and Ly (treated with Lycopodium clavatum 13cH). The medicines were selected by three homeopaths using Lince Expert System Software (Albuquerque, NM, USA), considering the behavioral characteristics of the mice. The treatments were performed 48 hours before and 48, 96, and 144 hours after infection [1]. The following parameters were evaluated: infectivity, prepatent period, parasitemia peak, total parasitemia, tissue tropism, inflammatory infiltrate, and survival.
Results: The prepatent period was greater in the Ly group than in the CI group (p = 0.02). The number of trypomastigotes on the 8th day after infection was lower in the Ca group than in the CI group (p < 0.05). Total parasitemia was significantly lower in the Ca, Co, and Ly groups than in the CI group. On the 12th day after infection, the Ca, Co, and Ly groups had fewer nests of amastigotes and amastigotes/nest in the heart than the CI group (p < 0.05) (Figure-I). A decrease in the number of nests and amastigotes in the intestine were observed in the Ly group compared with the CI group (p < 0.05). In the liver (day 12), Ly significantly prevented the formation of inflammatory foci compared with the other groups. In muscle, Co and Ly decreased the formation of inflammatory foci compared with CI (p < 0.05). Ly afforded greater animal survival compared with CI, Ca, and Co (p < 0.05). The animals in the Co group died prematurely compared with the CI group (p = 0.031). (Figure-II)
Conclusion: All of the experimental homeopathic medications with 13cH dynamization studied herein reduced the parasite peak and total parasitemia. Ly had significantly more benefits in the treatment of mice infected with T. cruzi, reducing the number of blood parasites, amastigotes nests in tissue and the number of amastigotes per nest, resulting in the increasing animal survival. The data may contribute to changes in management strategies in individuals with Chagas disease.
On the role of aerosol radiative effect in the wet season onset timing over the Congo rainforest during boreal autumn
Authors: Chakraborty Sudip , Jiang Jonathon H. , Su Hui , Fu Rong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The boreal summer dry season length is reported to have been increasing in
the last 3 decades over the Congo rainforest, which is the
second-largest rainforest in the world. In some years, the wet season in
boreal autumn starts early, while in others it arrives late. The mechanism
behind such a change in the wet season onset date has not been investigated yet. Using multi-satellite data sets, we discover that the variation in aerosols in the dry season plays a major role in determining the subsequent wet season onset. Dry season aerosol optical depth (AOD) influences the strength of the southern African easterly jet (AEJ-S) and, thus, the onset of the wet season. Higher AOD associated with a higher dust mass flux reduces the net downward shortwave radiation and decreases the surface temperature over the Congo rainforest region, leading to a stronger meridional temperature gradient between the rainforest and the Kalahari Desert as early as in June. The latter, in turn, strengthens the AEJ-S, sets in an early and a stronger easterly flow, and leads to a stronger equatorward convergence and an early onset of the wet season in late August to early September. The mean AOD in the dry season over the region is strongly correlated (r=0.7) with the timing of the subsequent wet season onset. Conversely, in low AOD years, the onset of the wet season over the Congo basin is delayed to mid-October.
Assimilation of citizen science data in snowpack modeling using a new snow data set: Community Snow Observations
Authors: Crumley Ryan L. , Hill David F. , Wikstrom Jones Katreen , Wolken Gabriel J. , Arendt Anthony A. , Aragon Christina M. , Cosgrove Christopher ,   Community Snow Observations Participants
Published: August 2021

Abstract. A physically based snowpack evolution and redistribution model was used to
test the effectiveness of assimilating crowd-sourced snow depth measurements collected by citizen scientists. The Community Snow Observations (CSO; https://communitysnowobs.org/, last access: 11 August 2021) project gathers, stores, and distributes measurements
of snow depth recorded by recreational users and snow professionals in high
mountain environments. These citizen science measurements are valuable since they come from terrain that is relatively undersampled and can offer in situ snow information in locations where snow information is sparse or
nonexistent. The present study investigates (1) the improvements to model
performance when citizen science measurements are assimilated, and (2) the
number of measurements necessary to obtain those improvements. Model
performance is assessed by comparing time series of observed (snow pillow)
and modeled snow water equivalent values, by comparing spatially distributed maps of observed (remotely sensed) and modeled snow depth, and by comparing fieldwork results from within the study area. The results demonstrate that few citizen science measurements are needed to obtain improvements in model performance, and these improvements are found in 62 % to 78 % of the ensemble simulations, depending on the model year. Model estimations of total water volume from a subregion of the study area also demonstrate improvements in accuracy after CSO measurements have been assimilated. These results suggest that even modest measurement efforts by citizen scientists have the potential to improve efforts to model snowpack processes in high mountain environments, with implications for water resource management and process-based snow modeling.
How does water yield respond to mountain pine beetle infestation in a semiarid forest?
Authors: Ren Jianning , Adam Jennifer C. , Hicke Jeffrey A. , Hanan Erin J. , Tague Christina L. , Liu Mingliang , Kolden Crystal A. , Abatzoglou John T. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Mountain pine beetle (MPB) outbreaks in the western United States result in
widespread tree mortality, transforming forest structure within watersheds.
While there is evidence that these changes can alter the timing and quantity of streamflow, there is substantial variation in both the magnitude and direction of hydrologic responses, and the climatic and environmental mechanisms driving this variation are not well understood. Herein, we coupled an eco-hydrologic model (RHESSys) with a beetle effects model and applied it to a semiarid watershed, Trail Creek, in the Bigwood River basin in central Idaho, USA, to examine how varying degrees of beetle-caused tree mortality influence water yield. Simulation results show that water yield during the first 15 years after beetle outbreak is controlled by interactions between interannual climate variability, the extent of vegetation mortality, and long-term aridity. During wet years, water yield after a beetle outbreak increased with greater tree mortality; this was driven by mortality-caused decreases in evapotranspiration. During dry years, water yield decreased at low-to-medium mortality but increased at high mortality. The mortality threshold for the direction of change was location specific. The change in water yield also varied spatially along aridity gradients during dry years. In wetter areas of the Trail Creek basin, post-outbreak water yield decreased at low mortality (driven by an increase in ground evaporation) and increased when vegetation mortality was greater than 40 % (driven by a decrease in canopy evaporation and transpiration). In contrast, in more water-limited areas, water yield typically decreased after beetle outbreaks, regardless of mortality level (although the driving mechanisms varied). Our findings highlight the complexity and variability of hydrologic responses and suggest that long-term (i.e., multi-decadal mean) aridity can be a useful indicator for the direction of water yield changes after a disturbance.
A numerical study to investigate the roles of former Hurricane Leslie, orography and evaporative cooling in the 2018 Aude heavy-precipitation event
Authors: Mandement Marc , Caumont Olivier 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. In south-eastern France, the Mediterranean coast is regularly affected by heavy-precipitation events. On 14–15 October 2018, in the Aude department, a back-building quasi-stationary mesoscale convective system produced up to about 300 mm of rain in 11 h. At synoptic scale, the former Hurricane Leslie was involved in the formation of a Mediterranean surface low that channelled conditionally unstable air towards the coast. At mesoscale, convective cells focused west of a decaying cold front that became quasi-stationary and downwind of the terrain. To investigate the roles of the moisture provided by Leslie, orography and evaporative cooling among the physical processes that led to the location and intensity of the observed rainfall, numerical simulations are run at 1 km and 500 m horizontal grid spacing and evaluated with independent near-surface analyses including novel crowd-sourced observations of personal weather stations. Simulations show that, in a first part of the event, low-level conditionally unstable air parcels found inside strong updraughts mainly originated from areas east of the Balearic Islands, over the Mediterranean Sea, whereas in a second part, an increasing number originated from Leslie's remnants. Air masses from areas east of the Balearic Islands appeared as the first supplier of moisture over the entire event. Still, Leslie contributed to substantially moistening mid-levels over the Aude department, diminishing evaporation processes. Thus, the evaporative cooling over the Aude department did not play any substantial role in the stationarity of the quasi-stationary front. Regarding lifting mechanisms, the advection of conditionally unstable air by a low-level jet towards the quasi-stationary front, confined to altitudes below 2 km, reactivated convection along and downwind of the front. Most of the air parcels found inside strong updraughts near the location of the maximum rainfall were lifted above the quasi-stationary front. Downwind of the Albera Massif, mountains bordering the Mediterranean Sea, cells formed by orographic lifting were maintained by low-level leeward convergence, mountain lee waves and a favourable directional wind shear; when terrain is flattened, rainfall is substantially reduced. The location of the exceptional precipitation was primarily driven by the location of the quasi-stationary front and secondarily by the location of convective bands downwind of orography.
DETECTION OF STICK-SLIP OCCURRENCES THROUGH NEAR FIELD NOISE MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Emira Nadim A. 
Published: August 2021

The present study is concerned with evaluating the pin-on-disk test rig usage and the measurements conducted to recognize the occurrence of the stick-slip phenomenon. The test rig consists of two separate blocks to ensure that the vibration of the elastic disk and emitted noise are completely adverted to friction between the moving pin and stationary steel disk. The occurrence of stick slip is clearly picked up using near field noise measurements. It can be distinguished from the vibration signal as high consecutive spikes, but the existence of such spikes is clearer and more definite in the noise signature.
TRADISI PENGHORMATAN DEWA DALAM MASYARAKAT TIONGHOA BEKASI
Authors: Hartati C. Dewi 
Published: August 2021

This article discusses the practice of the cult of temple”s deity. This cult is said to be a reinvented tradition. The tradition is created because it is formed by the elements that come from the original tradition. By tracing the process of discovering the Hobsbawm tradition from the sacred and profane aspects of Durkheim and its relation to totemism, it is evident that this tradition has a new form and function. The original function of tradition was to strengthen identity, but the new function of the reinvented tradition appears to be an integrative function. The reinvented tradition also occurs in an effort to attract public interest or attention to make it more popular in the community. The temple community carries out an invented traditional process so that the tradition of the cult becomes more attractive, and is preferred more popular, through the appearance of entertainment shows at festivals.
The Use of Fengshui in Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon
Authors: Auliasari Nita , Hartati C. Dewi 
Published: August 2021

This article shows the application of fengshui in Keraton Kasepuhan. The application of fengshui also shows the acculturation of Chinese culture in Kertaon Kasepuhan. This study uses a qualitative research method which data collection uses literature study, interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that Keraton Kasepuhan applied fengshui at the location of the palace, namely its position facing the sea with its back to the mountain. The shape of the building has the advantageous shape of a rectangle. The fengshui elements used in Keraton Kasepuhan building are in the form of color, room lighting, the symbol of plants and animals, and fengshui decorative symbols. The application of fengshui at Keraton Kasepuhan is carried out in order to get the benefits of balance or harmony.
n. 41 - ATUAÇÃO EMPRESARIAL NA EDUCAÇÃO PÚBLICA EM PAÍSES DA AMÉRICA LATINA E A MATERIALIDADE DA DISPUTA DE HEGEMONIA
Authors: Caldas Andrea do Rocio 
Published: August 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar a atuação de organizações empresariais na educação pública no Brasil, Argentina, Uruguai, Bolívia, Venezuela e Chile, inscritas na relação público-privada na educação, no contexto mais recente. Para tanto, toma como referência o conjunto de investigações que vêm sendo realizadas pelo Grupo de Pesquisa: Relações entre o Público e o Privado na Educação (GPRPPE/UFRGS), bem como, a análise de publicações das organizações empresariais nos seus sítios eletrônicos e na imprensa. As pesquisas nos países da América Latina têm apontado que a privatização ou influência do setor privado pode ocorrer de distintas formas, seja através da execução, através da venda de serviços ou da gestão das escolas, seja através da disputa de direção sobre os conteúdos da política educacional e das escolas, bem como, a influência na elaboração de leis e regulamentações nas casas legislativas. Entende-se este processo como parte da disputa de hegemonia de concepções de sociedade, com suas decorrências para os projetos educacionais.
Papillary carcinoma of the thyroglossal cyst as a metastasis of microcarcinoma of thyroid cancer: a case report and literature review
Authors: Franzi Sergio Altino , Souza Tania Regina de Bastos 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTPapillary carcinoma of the thyroglossal cyst is clinically like the benign lesion in adults aged 15-45 year, with a higher incidence in females. It is a congenital anomaly of the midline of the neck and have the clinical worsening related to infections of high aerodigestive routes. We discuss clinical assess, diagnosis, surgery, hormonal suppression, radioiodine therapy, and prognosis in a patient with a complaint of nodule in the neck, and to the ultrasonography an image suggestive of the thyroglossal cyst without alteration of thyroid gland. He was submitted to Sistrunk's surgery and the anatomopathological exam revealed papillary carcinoma, and we do not find normal thyroid follicles in the thyroglossal cyst wall. We perform the total thyroidectomy by the thyroid alterations, showing in the anatomopathological exam a thyroid microcarcinoma. We completed by hormonal suppression and radioiodine therapy. The prognosis is favorable and the patient presented asymptomatic until now.
La formación tecnológica del profesorado de música en Educación Secundaria. Un estudio de intervención basado en la integración de contenidos musicales, tecnológicos y pedagógicos en la Universidad de Valencia.
Authors: Thayer Tomás , Tejada Jesús , Murillo Adolf 
Published: August 2021

El presente trabajo de carácter descriptivo-exploratorio forma parte de un trabajo de mayor alcance realizado en Chile y España. Su objetivo ha sido fortalecer la formación tecnológica de los futuros profesores de música en Ed. Secundaria mediante el diseño, la implementación y la evaluación de una materia en dos cohortes consecutivas (cohortes 2017 y 2018, n= 81). En el diseño de intervención se tuvo en cuenta en su diseño componentes de alfabetización tecnológica, y dos estrategias de aprendizaje: proyectos (ABP) y trabajo cooperativo. La novedad del diseño consiste en la adaptación de un marco teórico de integración de contenidos disciplinares-tecnológicos-pedagógicos denominado TPACK que intenta favorecer la comprensión de la tecnología y su aplicación en la práctica docente de aula. Los productos de formación, objetos de los proyectos de trabajo, fueron materiales didácticos aplicables en el aula de Ed. Secundaria. Los resultados de ambas cohortes sugieren que los componentes caracterizadores de la intervención pueden ayudar a planificar de forma más reflexiva el uso de la tecnología musical en el aula. Además, el alumnado afirma que mejoró sus percepciones sobre sus habilidades tecnológicas en situaciones docentes y que dotaron de significado a la tecnología en su profesión.
This descriptive-exploratory work is part of a larger work carried out in Chile and Spain. Its objective has been to strengthen the technological training of future music teachers in Secondary Education through the design, implementation and evaluation of a subject in two consecutive cohorts (cohorts 2017 and 2018, n= 81). The design of the intervention took into account technological literacy components, and two learning strategies: projects (ABP) and cooperative work. The novelty of the design consists in the adaptation of a theoretical framework for the integration of disciplinary-technological-pedagogical contents called TPACK that tries to improve the understanding of technology and its application in classroom teaching practice. The training products, the objects of the work projects, were didactic materials applicable in the classroom of the Secondary School. The results of both cohorts suggest that the characterizing components of the intervention can help to plan more reflectively the use of music technology in the classroom. In addition, students claim to have improved their perceptions of their technological skills in teaching situations and to have given meaning to technology in their profession.
Síndrome de burnout. La multiplicidad de roles y su impacto en la labor docente
Authors: Olivares Fong Luz del C. , Nieto López Gilberto , Velázquez Victoria Karla Isabel , López Guerrero Aída 
Published: August 2021

El estudio de las actividades realizadas por docentes y la presencia del síndrome de burnout inicia a finales de los años 70 para los de etapa básica y a finales de los 90s para docentes universitarios. Actualmente, el docente universitario realiza actividades enfocadas en tres roles, el docente, investigativo y administrativo; sin embargo, no se cuenta con un instrumento que considere directamente esta multiplicidad. Se presenta en esta investigación un instrumento para la valoración del síndrome de burnout y su relación con la multiplicidad de roles. El instrumento se validó con 4 expertos y una muestra de 30 profesores universitarios, obteniéndose 0.425 para el coeficiente de Kendall y 0.953 para el coeficiente de Alpha Cronbach. Posterior a su validación el instrumento se aplicó a una muestra representativa de 147 docentes universitarios de tiempo completo del Noroeste de México. Como resultado de la investigación se identificó que a mayor experiencia como docente disminuye la presencia del síndrome. Asimismo, el 35% de los profesores participantes reportaron la presencia del síndrome para el rol docente, 42% para el rol investigativo y el 47% para el rol administrativo, por lo que las actividades administrativas inducen más la presencia del burnout en los docentes.
Assess teachers’ activities and burnout syndrome began at the end of the 70s, by the end of the 90s studies began for professors. Currently, professors must perform a multiplicity of roles -educational, researcher and administrative; however, there is no instrument that assess this multiplicity directly. An instrument to assess the multiplicity of roles that a professor must perform is presented. The instrument was validated using the participation of 4 experts and a sample of 30 professors, obtaining 0.425 for the Kendall coefficient and 0.953 for the Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. After validations, the instrument was applied to a representative sample of 147 full time professors from Northwest of Mexico. Application of the instrument found that professors with more experience reported lower presence of burnout syndrome. Likewise, 35% of professors showed burnout syndrome related to educational role, 42% related to research role, and 47% related to administrative role activities. Our finding underscores that administrative role induce more burnout syndrome for professors.
Introduktion: ARBEJDETS ANATOMI
Authors: Martin Helle Max , Heiefort Ralph , Jakobsen Turf Böcker , Baarts Charlotte 
Published: August 2021

Der hersker almindelig enighed om, hvad begrebet arbejde dækker over. Vi mener
at vide, hvad der refereres til, når nogen spørger os, „hvad vi laver“. Og vi kender hver
især dusinvis af mennesker med stillinger, hvis indhold vi mener at have begreb om –
men hvor vi hurtigt ville komme til kort, hvis vi blev bedt om at forklare, hvad disse
personer rent faktisk foretager sig. Det hænger sammen med, at arbejdsbegrebet har en
„institutionaliseret“ karakter. Spørgsmålet, hvad arbejde som socialt og kulturelt fænomen
betyder, er ikke noget, vi almindeligvis tænker over. Det er nærmere noget, vi tænker
med. På linje med andre institutionaliserede begreber snyder den entydige forestilling
om arbejde, fordi der under dække af kategorisk klarhed findes en mangfoldighed af
betydninger og forståelser.
AFVIGELSE OG PERSONOPFATTELSER
Authors: Kolind Torsten 
Published: August 2021

The article offers an analytical framework for studying deviance. Research in
deviance is relatively sparse in anthropology, by linking up with analysis of different
societies’ perceptions of the person, however, it is possible to develop a model
for understanding different ideal typical responses to deviant acts. On the one
hand we have an idea of the person, which strongly relates acts to the individual,
and with a high focus on individual responsibility, on the other end of the continuum
act are interpreted as reflections and statements of social relations beyond the
single individual. As a consequence of these differences the nature of deviance
is perceived in dissimilar ways. In short, one the one hand, deviance is explained
by reference to the individual person and strategies of normalisation and integration
is pursued. On the other hand deviance is explained extra-personally and strategies
of re-categorisation or elimination are developed. The article offers contemporary
examples from the author’s studies of respectively punishment and substance
abuse treatment.