bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dirichlet series expansions of p-adic L-functions
Authors: Knospe Heiko , Washington Lawrence C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe study p-adic L-functions $$L_p(s,\chi )$$

L
p

(
s
,
χ
)

for Dirichlet characters $$\chi $$
χ
. We show that $$L_p(s,\chi )$$

L
p

(
s
,
χ
)

has a Dirichlet series expansion for each regularization parameter c that is prime to p and the conductor of $$\chi $$
χ
. The expansion is proved by transforming a known formula for p-adic L-functions and by controlling the limiting behavior. A finite number of Euler factors can be factored off in a natural manner from the p-adic Dirichlet series. We also provide an alternative proof of the expansion using p-adic measures and give an explicit formula for the values of the regularized Bernoulli distribution. The result is particularly simple for $$c=2$$

c
=
2

, where we obtain a Dirichlet series expansion that is similar to the complex case.
A New Ensemble-Based Intrusion Detection System for Internet of Things
Authors: Abbas Adeel , Khan Muazzam A. , Latif Shahid , Ajaz Maria , Shah Awais Aziz , Ahmad Jawad 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe domain of Internet of Things (IoT) has witnessed immense adaptability over the last few years by drastically transforming human lives to automate their ordinary daily tasks. This is achieved by interconnecting heterogeneous physical devices with different functionalities. Consequently, the rate of cyber threats has also been raised with the expansion of IoT networks which puts data integrity and stability on stake. In order to secure data from misuse and unusual attempts, several intrusion detection systems (IDSs) have been proposed to detect the malicious activities on the basis of predefined attack patterns. The rapid increase in such kind of attacks requires improvements in the existing IDS. Machine learning has become the key solution to improve intrusion detection systems. In this study, an ensemble-based intrusion detection model has been proposed. In the proposed model, logistic regression, naive Bayes, and decision tree have been deployed with voting classifier after analyzing model’s performance with some prominent existing state-of-the-art techniques. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed model has been analyzed using CICIDS2017 dataset. The results illustrate significant improvement in terms of accuracy as compared to existing models in terms of both binary and multi-class classification scenarios.
Dual-phase-lag one-dimensional thermo-porous-elasticity with microtemperatures
Authors: Liu Z. , Quintanilla R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper is devoted to studying the linear system of partial differential equations modelling a one-dimensional thermo-porous-elastic problem with microtemperatures in the context of the dual-phase-lag heat conduction. Existence, uniqueness, and exponential decay of solutions are proved. Polynomial stability is also obtained in the case that the relaxation parameters satisfy a certain equality. Our arguments are based on the theory of semigroups of linear operators.
Identification of Adrenomedullin-Induced S-Nitrosylated Proteins in JEG-3 Placental Cells
Authors: Li Yingting , Zhong Liuying , Lee Cheuk-Lun , Chiu Philip C.N. , Chen Min 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExtravillous cytotrophoblast (EVCT) is responsible for trophoblast invasion, which is important during placentation. Dysregulation of the process leads to pregnancy complications. S-nitrosylation of proteins is associated with cell invasion in many cell types. Adrenomedullin (ADM), a polypeptide expressed abundantly in the first-trimester placentas, induces EVCT invasion by upregulation of protein S-nitrosylation. This study aimed to identify the S-nitrosylated proteins induced by ADM in the JEG-3 placental cells. By using affinity chromatography followed by mass spectrometric analysis, tubulin, enolase, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1, actin, annexin II (ANX II), and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenaseprotein-1 were found to be S-nitrosylated by ADM. In vitro treatment with ADM or S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) significantly increased the ANX II surface expression, but not its total expression in the JEG-3 cells. Translocation of ANX II to cell surface has been reported to act as a cell surface receptor to plasmin, plasminogen, and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), thereby stimulating cell invasion and migration. However, in this study, ADM-induced surface expression of ANX II in the JEG-3 cells was not associated with changes in the secretory and membrane-bound tPA activities. Future studies are required to understand the roles of surface expression of S-nitrosylated ANX II on trophoblast functions. To conclude, this study provided evidences that ADM regulated the nitric oxide signaling pathway and modulated trophoblast invasion.
Sexual Satisfaction and Associated Biopsychosocial Factors in Stroke Patients Admitted to Specialized Cognitive Rehabilitation
Authors: Vikan Jannike K. , Snekkevik Hildegun , Nilsson Marie I. , Stanghelle Johan K. , Geirdal Amy Østertun , Fugl-Meyer Kerstin S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Introduction
The consequences of stroke on sexual life in stroke patients in need of specialized cognitive rehabilitation have been limited explored. A biopsychosocial perspective in post-stroke sexuality studies is warranted to capture the complex picture of stroke consequences and sexual life after stroke and sexual satisfaction is an important outcome measure when exploring such multifactorial associations.

Aim
To explore sexual satisfaction and associated biopsychosocial factors in stroke patients admitted to specialized cognitive rehabilitation.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed including 91 consecutive stroke patients admitted to specialized cognitive rehabilitation. Data were collected from medical records and by face-to-face interviews using a structured interview guide and questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied.

Main outcome measures
A wide range of biopsychosocial variables including medical and sociodemographic characteristics, social support, sexual complaints, aspects of sexual life, psychological distress and life satisfaction were analyzed in relation to the main outcome “Satisfaction with sexual life.”

Results
Only 33 % were satisfied with sexual life. Prevalence of sexual complaints was high, more frequent in women (84%) than in men (64%). Three-quarters were less sexually active than before stroke. Multivariable analyses showed that anxiety, sleep problems, manifested sexual complaint, decrease in sexual activity and fear of partner rejection were significantly associated with low odds of sexual satisfaction, while affectionate support and partnership satisfaction were significant for sexual satisfaction. When combined in a biopsychosocial multivariable model only fear of partner rejection (OR 0.07; 95 % CI: 0.01–0.42) and decrease in sexual activity (OR 0.11; 95 % CI: 0.02–0.58) showed significant contribution to sexual satisfaction.

Conclusion
The variety of predictors for sexual satisfaction indicates that therapeutic actions need to be individualized and points towards a broad assessment and interventional approach to meet the sexual rehabilitation needs of stroke patients with cognitive impairments in need of specialized rehabilitation.
Effectiveness of prophylactic ondansetron in preventing spinal anesthesia induced hypotension and bradycardia in pregnant mother undergoing elective cesarean delivery: A double blinded randomized control trial, 2021
Authors: Mohamed Salih , Befkadu Aynalem , Mohammed Ayub , Neme Derartu , Ahmed Siraj , Yimer Yusuf , Girma Timsel 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Spinal anesthesia is the most common techniques of regional anesthesia for cesarean section. However, hypotension is the most common complication associated with nausea and vomiting, altered mental status and risk of aspiration. Bradycardia is also a common feature of profound circulatory collapse under neuraxial anesthesia. After verification that, serotonin can induce BJR reflex and can causes bradycardia or hypotension, researchers started to evaluate the effect of ondansetron to decrease BJR reflex in human being.

Objectives:
To assess the effect of prophylactic ondansetron for prevention of spinal induced hypotension and bradycardia in parturients undergoing cesarean delivery from June 1, 2020 to January 30, 2021.

Method:
ology: A double blinded randomized control trial conducted in Dilla university referral hospital by recruiting 70 patients with systematic random sampling technique. Patients were randomized into ondansetron group (n = 35) and control group (n = 35). Mann Whitney U test was used for continuous non-normally distributed data and independent sample t-test for normally distributed data. Mixed ANOVA was used to analysis the interaction of the within and between factors. Categorical variable between the groups were analyzed using fisher exact and chi square test. p -value<0.05 is considered statically significant.

Result:
There were no significant differences in the incidence of hypotension between ondansetron (20(57) and saline group (21(60%)). There were no significant difference in incidence of bradycardia among the two groups p > 0.05. Perioperative Phenylephrine consumption was 36.43 ± 45.91 mcg and 32.14 ± 46.79 mcg in ondansetron and saline group respectively with P = 0.700. The incidence of shivering was lower in ondansetron group (11%) than saline group (45%) with (p = 0.04) and the perioperative rescue shivering requirement was higher in saline group (p = 0.00).

Conclusion:
and Recommendations: Prophylaxis administration of intravenous Ondansetron at a dose of 10 mg before spinal anesthesia was not effective in reducing the incidence of hypotension and bradycardia in pregnant women undergoing cesarean section.

Highlights
Spanish speakers’ English schwar production: Does orthography play a role?
Authors: Shea Christine 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study examines how input mode – whether written or auditory – interacts with orthography in the production of North American English (NAE) schwar (/ɝ/, found in fur, heard, bird) by native Spanish speakers. Greater orthographic interference was predicted for written input, given the obligatory activation of orthographic representations in the execution of the task. Participants were L1 Mexican Spanish/L2 English speakers (L2, n = 15) and NAE (n = 15, rhotic dialect speakers). The target items were 10 schwar words and 10 words matched in graphemes to the onset and nucleus of the schwar words (e.g., bird was matched with big), for a total of 20 items. The degree of overlap between schwar productions across group and input mode (L2 only) was analyzed, followed by a generalized additive mixed model analysis of F3, one of the acoustic cues to rhotacization. Results showed that L2 schwar productions were different from the NAE productions in both the overlap and F3 measures, and the written input mode showed greater L1 orthographic interference than the auditory input mode, supporting the hypothesis that L1 orthography–phonology correspondences affect L2 productions of English schwar words.
Petrophysical Property Modifications by Alteration in a Volcanic Sequence at IODP Site U1513, Naturaliste Plateau
Authors: Lee Eun Young , Tejada Maria Luisa G. , Song Insun , Chun Seung Soo , Gier Susanne , Riquier Laurent , White Lloyd T. , Schnetger Bernhard , Brumsack Hans‐Jürgen , Jones Matthew M. , Martinez Mathieu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPetrophysical properties of volcanic rocks are controlled by lithology and subsequent modification by alteration processes. Investigating the linkages, using a range of different techniques, are important to establish how petrophysical properties can inform about the alteration state of volcanic rocks. Here, we compile petrophysical data and correlate these with geochemical and mineralogical analyses acquired from a volcanic sequence on the Naturaliste Plateau, offshore southwest Australia (International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1513). The sequence consists of alternating basalt lava flows and volcaniclastic deposits, intruded by multiple dolerite dikes. Variable alteration intensities from fresh‐slight to strong are quantified using Chemical Index of Alteration. Intervals of slightly altered dikes exhibit low porosity and high values of bulk density, P‐wave velocity, and thermal conductivity. The increase of alteration intensity corresponds to decreases in bulk density to ∼2 g/cm3, P‐wave velocity to ∼2,000 m/s, thermal conductivity to ∼1.2 W/(m·K) and an increase in porosity up to 50%. Natural Gamma Ray and magnetic susceptibility vary downhole with rock composition and at lithologic boundaries. The distinct variations exhibit a good correlation with primary lithologic characteristics and secondary mineralogical and textural changes attributed to alteration processes. We provide synthesis models of petrophysical variation with alteration intensity. Although differences in primary lithology and alteration type introduce limitations and uncertainties, there is a reasonable applicability of our results to rapidly characterize the alteration intensity and volcanic stratigraphy in volcanic sequences and to calibrate wireline log‐based determinations. This will help others to develop strategies for exploration, drilling, and geophysical research of volcanic rocks.
Sediment Routing and Anthropogenic Impact in the Huanghe River Catchment, China: An Investigation Using Nd Isotopes of River Sediments
Authors: Guo Yulong , Li Chao , Wang Chenyu , Xu Juan , Jin Chenyang , Yang Shouye 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Huanghe once had a sediment flux of >1,000 Mt/yr, but this has decreased by ∼90% as its river sediment routing systems have undergone dramatic changes influenced by human activities such as dam construction. However, the way in which the sediment geochemistry of the river has responded to the altered sediment routing processes is not well known. This study investigates the sediment source‐to‐sink routing regime of the Huanghe River using Nd isotope fingerprinting. Four major source terranes, namely the Songpan‐Ganzi (SG) Block, Ordos Desert (OD), Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) and North China Craton (NCC) are recognized according to their distinct Nd isotopes. The gradual downstream decrease in εNd values in sediments of the upper Huanghe indicates a decreasing contribution of material from the SG Block and a corresponding increase contribution of local underlying basement rocks, which is inferred to be related to sediment capture by a cascade of hydroelectric dams. A gradual increase in εNd from Yinchuan to Tongguan suggests an increasing contribution from the CLP under intense erosion. Relatively low εNd in the downstream sediments suggest a contribution from proximal NCC basement, consistent with the shift from deposition to erosion in the lower channel in recent years. The marked heterogeneity in Nd isotopes in the Huanghe sediments corresponds well to sediment source‐to‐sink processes in response to increasing human impacts. In a setting of global rivers facing strong anthropogenic impacts, the ways in which altered sediment routing systems affect river sediment geochemistry deserve more research attention.
On the Impact of Rainfall Spatial Variability, Geomorphology, and Climatology on Flash Floods
Authors: Saharia Manabendra , Kirstetter Pierre‐Emmanuel , Vergara Humberto , Gourley Jonathan J. , Emmanuel Isabelle , Andrieu Hervé 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe effects of spatial variability of rainfall, geomorphology, and climatology of precipitation and temperature on the hydrologic response remain poorly understood. This study characterizes the catchment response in terms of a variable called flashiness, that describes the severity of the flood response as the rate of rise of the unit discharge. It overcomes limitations of prior works based on limited case studies or simulations by gathering information on basins of widely varying characteristics and by using a high‐resolution rainfall and flooding event data set spanning 10 years over the Continental United States. The objective is to develop a robust understanding of how rainfall spatial variability influences flash flood severity and to assess its contribution relative to basin physiography and climatology. This study explores the first‐order dependencies as well as the variability in these relationships and investigates the complex interactions using a multi‐dimensional statistical modeling approach. The results confirm that the spatial organization of rainfall influences the basin response on par with geomorphology and climatology. Basin physiography dampens the effect of lower rainfall intensities, while higher rainfall overwhelms other factors and primarily contributes to flashiness. Dispersion of precipitation with respect to the flow path decreases flood severity. An improved understanding of sub‐basin scale rainfall spatial variability aids in developing a robust flash flood severity index to identify and mitigate flash flooding situations as well as identifying basins which could most benefit from distributed hydrologic modeling.
Inferring Polluted Asian Absorbing Aerosol Properties Using Decadal Scale AERONET Measurements and a MIE Model
Authors: Wang Shuo , Wang Xinying , Cohen Jason Blake , Qin Kai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAbsorbing aerosols uniquely impact radiation, aerosol transport, and meteorology. This paper quantifies black carbon core and sulphate shell size and mass using decadal measurements of multi‐spectral aerosol optical depth, single scattering albedo, and angstrom exponent from Aerosol Robotic Network stations located throughout East, Southeast, and South Asia, in connection with a MIE model. All sites are uniquely characterized into four types: urban, biomass burning, long‐range transport, and clean. Unique size and mass probability distributions of both the core and shell are calculated within each classification. Well known urban, biomass burning, and clean sites are all properly identified. Furthermore, two unique sites previously thought to not have multiple characteristics are identified, with urban and biomass burning significant in Beijing and long‐range transport significant in the otherwise clean South China Sea at Taiping Island. It is hoped that these results will allow for advances in attribution and radiative forcing studies.
Impact of Tropical Cyclones on Geostrophic Velocity of the Western Boundary Current
Authors: Park Jae‐Hyoung , Pak Gyundo , Kim Eun Jin , Kang Sok Kuh 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTropical cyclones (TC), which are among the most destructive natural phenomena on Earth, have significant impacts on the western boundary current (WBC). We quantify the direct impact of TCs on the surface geostrophic velocity of the Kuroshio, the WBC in the western North Pacific, by analyzing satellite‐derived geostrophic current data and using results from theoretical and numerical models. The study reveals that TCs decrease the surface geostrophic velocity by 14 cm s−1 which is 16% of the mean velocity of the Kuroshio (85 cm s−1), with the reduced velocity maintained for a month. The decrease in velocity of the Kuroshio is mainly (87%) due to the effect of TC‐driven upwelling (“Cooling effect”), the effect of ocean heat uptake after the TC (“Warming effect”) being minor (13%); these are basically enabled by the strong thermal gradient around the Kuroshio.
Electrified Postsunrise Ionospheric Perturbations at Millstone Hill
Authors: Zhang Shun‐Rong , Erickson Philip J. , Gasque L. C. , Aa Ercha , Rideout William , Vierinen Juha , Goncharenko Larisa P. , Coster Anthea J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe provide evidence that midlatitude postsunrise traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) are comprised of electrified waves with an eastward propagation component. The post‐sunrise gravity wave (GW) wind‐induced dynamo action effectively generated periodic meridional polarization electric fields (PEFs), facilitating TID zonal propagation in a similar fashion as GW‐driven neutral perturbations. A combination of near‐simultaneous eastward and upward observations using the Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar along with 2‐dimensional total electron content maps allowed resolution of TID vertical and horizontal propagation as well as zonal ion drifts (meridional PEFs). In multiple observations, oscillated in the early morning during periods when TIDs exhibited downward phase progression, 30–60 min period, 140 m/s eastward speed, and 70 km vertical wavelength. Inside these TIDs, multiple flow vortexes occurred in a vertical‐zonal plane spanning the ionospheric topside and bottomside. Subsequently, PEFs weakened after a few hours as TID horizontal wavefronts rotated clockwise.
Interaction Between Stratospheric Kelvin Waves and Gravity Waves in the Easterly QBO Phase
Authors: Kim Young‐Ha , Achatz Ulrich 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA general circulation model is used to study the interaction between parameterized gravity waves (GWs) and large‐scale Kelvin waves in the tropical stratosphere. The simulation shows that Kelvin waves with substantial amplitudes (∼10 m s−1) can significantly affect the distribution of GW drag by modulating the local shear. Furthermore, this effect is localized to regions above strong convective organizations that generate large‐amplitude GWs, so that at a given altitude it occurs selectively in a certain phase of Kelvin waves. Accordingly, this effect also contributes to the zonal‐mean GW drag, which is large in the middle stratosphere during the phase transition of the quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO). Furthermore, we detect an enhancement of Kelvin‐wave momentum flux due to GW drag modulated by Kelvin waves. The result implies an importance of GW dynamics coupled to Kelvin waves in the QBO progression.
Characterizing the Relationship Between Non‐Darcy Effect and Hydraulic Aperture in Rough Single Fractures
Authors: Xing Kun , Qian Jiazhong , Ma Haichun , Luo Qiankun , Ma Lei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHydraulic aperture (eh) which is independent of inertial effect has been widely used as an important parameter to study the geometric properties of single fractures in previous studies. However, the inertial effect dependence of hydraulic aperture was gradually revealed in recent studies. Therefore, hydraulic aperture could provide a new method to characterize the non‐Darcy effect. In this study, 2D numerical simulations based on Navier‐Stokes equation were carried out to explore the feasibility of characterizing non‐Darcy effect based on hydraulic aperture. The results showed that the onset of flow regimes transition from Darcy to non‐Darcy could be well characterized by the hydraulic aperture. Before the non‐Darcy flow appeared, the initial hydraulic aperture (eh0) maintained constant regardless of the inertial effect (quantified by non‐Darcy effect factor E), once the non‐Darcy effect emerged, the hydraulic aperture decreased with the increase of inertial effect. The increased volume of low‐velocity zone in the rough single fractures was considered as the mechanism of non‐Darcy effect. And the existence of critical relative roughness (Rc) was found and it would affect the critical non‐Darcy effect factor (Ed) or critical Reynolds number (Rec) by affecting the development of low velocity region and preferential flow paths. From the overall trend, the hydraulic aperture decreased with the increase of E, and it fluctuated due to the development of recirculation zones (RZs). Moreover, the predictive model of non‐Darcy effect factor (E) based on hydraulic aperture was obtained and the validity of the model was preliminarily verified.