bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anticancer property of Hemp Bioactive Peptides in Hep3B liver cancer cells through Akt/GSK3β/β‐catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Wei Lian‐Hui , Dong Yan , Sun Yu‐Feng , Mei Xue‐Song , Ma Xue‐Song , Shi Jie , Yang Qing‐li , Ji Yan‐Ru , Zhang Zheng‐Hai , Sun Hu‐Nan , Sun Xing‐Rong , Song Shu‐Min 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFoodborne protein hydrolysates exhibit biological activity that may be therapeutic in a number of human disease settings. Hemp peptides (HP) generated by controlled hydrolysis of hemp proteins have a number of health benefits and are of pharmaceutical value. In the present study, we produce small molecular weight HP from hemp seed and investigate its anticancer properties in Hep3B human liver cancer cells. We demonstrate that HP treatment increased apoptosis, reduced cell viability, and reduced cell migration in Hep3B human liver cancer cells without affecting the normal liver cell line L02. We correlate these phenotypes with increased cellular ROS levels, upregulation of cleaved caspase 3 and Bad, and downregulation of antiapoptotic Bcl‐2. HP treatment led to increased Akt and GSK‐3β phosphorylation, with subsequent downregulation of β‐catenin, suggesting β‐catenin signaling modulation as a critical mechanism by which HP exhibits anticancer properties. Our findings suggest HP are of potential therapeutic interest for liver cancer treatment.
Men building better relationships: A scoping review
Authors: Oliffe John L. , Kelly Mary T. , Gonzalez Montaner Gabriela , Seidler Zac E. , Maher Brendan , Rice Simon M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIssue addressedHealth outcomes linked to men's relationships have the potential to both promote and risk the well‐being of males and their families. The current scoping review provides a synthesis of men's relationship programs (excluding criminal court mandated services) in Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom to distil predominant program designs, access points, delivery modes and evaluative strategies.MethodsDatabases CINAHL, Medline, PsycInfo and Web of Science were searched for eligible articles published January 2010 and June 2020. The inclusion criteria consisted of empirical studies focussed on relationship programs for men.ResultsThe review identified 21 articles comprising eight focussed on Fathering Identities as the Catalyst for Relationship Building and 13 targeting Men's Behaviour Change in Partner Relationships. Findings highlight the prevalence of group‐based, in‐person programs which men accessed via third party or self‐referrals. Fathering programs highlighted the impact of men's violence on their children in appealing to attendees to strategise behavioural adjustments. Men's partner relationship programs emphasised self‐control amid building strategies for proactively dealing with distress and conflict. Program evaluations consistently reported attendee feedback to gauge the acceptability and usefulness of services.ConclusionsThat most men attending fathering and partner relationship programs were referred as a result of domestic violence and/or intimate partner violence underscores men's reticence for proactively seeking help as well as the absence of upstream relationship programs. There are likely enormous gains to be made by norming boys and men's relationship programs to prevent rather than correct violent and/or abusive behaviours.
Online retail promotion of e‐cigarettes in New Zealand: A content analysis of e‐cigarette retailers in a regulatory void
Authors: Hardie Lucy , McCool Judith , Freeman Becky 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIssue addressedThis study explores online e‐cigarette retailer marketing in the absence of regulations.MethodsNew Zealand‐based online e‐cigarette retailer websites were identified using a keyword search. Ten New Zealand‐based retailer websites were selected based on top results from Google. The four leading tobacco companies operating in New Zealand were also included. A content analysis of the online marketplace was performed.ResultsPrice was variable, with disposable devices sold from as little as $9.99 (NZD). Online e‐cigarette retailers frequently presented health (79%) and smoking cessation (71%) messages. Nicotine addiction warnings were explicit in less than half of retailer sites (43%) and only 29% of retailers stated that the use of devices may pose health risks. Marketing techniques with potential youth appeal included sweet flavours (80%) and cartoon characters on e‐liquid products (20%). Only one retailer had an age verification procedure to purchase a product.ConclusionThe findings suggest that online marketing is likely to appeal to young people despite industry assurances that e‐cigarettes are only promoted to adult smokers who want to quit. Regulations for online retailers are urgently needed.So what?This study adds to the surveillance research on the online marketing of e‐cigarette retailers. Study findings may help inform future decisions on the regulation of e‐cigarette marketing in New Zealand.
Towards an ethics framework for Australian health promotion practitioners: An exploratory mixed methods study
Authors: Blackford Krysten , Leavy Justine , Taylor Jane , Connor Elizabeth , Crawford Gemma 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIssue addressedEthical values underpin the health promotion discipline and profession, and competencies required for professional practice. Understanding how ethical values are translated into professional practice is critical. The aim of this exploratory sequential mixed methods study was to explore Australian health promotion stakeholder perspectives about ethical health promotion practice.MethodsA face‐to‐face group‐based workshop (n = 15), online survey (n = 77) and in‐depth individual interviews (n = 15) collected qualitative and quantitative data from health promotion stakeholders. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse quantitative and thematic analysis to analyse qualitative data.ResultsTensions emerged regarding the nomenclature of ethical health promotion practice, with ethics framed largely by participants as related to formal approval for research. A range of barriers and enablers to ethical practice were identified. Barriers related to obtaining ethical approvals and working with specific population groups and communities. Enablers included professional development opportunities, access to a specialised human research ethics committee and a better understanding of what is meant by ‘ethical practice’.ConclusionFindings suggest the need for an ethical health promotion practice framework and resources for practitioners and organisations throughout Australia. We propose a framework comprising two pillars: (a) developing critical practice; and (b) building the evidence‐based for health promotion.So what?This study recognises the need for increased dialogue about the ethical foundations of health promotion. The development of a health promotion ethics framework can better support the development of ethical practice in the Australian health promotion discipline and profession.
Condensation water in heritage touristic caves: Isotopic and hydrochemical data and a new approach for its quantification through image analysis
Authors: Liñán Cristina , Benavente José , del Rosal Yolanda , Vadillo Iñaki , Ojeda Lucía , Carrasco Francisco 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCondensation water is a major factor in the conservation of heritage caves. It can cause dissolution of the rock substrate (and the pigments of rock art drawn on it) or covering thereof with mineral components, depending on the chemical saturation degree of the condensation water. In show caves, visitors act as a source of CO2 and thus modify the microclimate, favouring negative processes that affect the conservation of the caves. In spite of their interest, studies of the chemical composition of this type of water are scarce and not very detailed. In this work we present research on the condensation water in the Nerja Cave, one of the main heritage and tourist caves in Europe. The joint analysis of isotopic, hydrochemical, mineralogical and microbiological data and the use of image analysis have allowed us to advance in the knowledge of this risk factor for the conservation of heritage caves, and to demonstrate the usefulness of image analysis to quantify the scope of the possible corrosion condensation process that the condensation water could be producing on the bedrock, speleothem and rock art. To our knowledge, this application of image analysis (relative to the condensation water in caves) is the first one of this type that has been documented.
Active vitamin D3 attenuates the severity of Salmonella colitis in mice by orchestrating innate immunity
Authors: Huang Fu‐Chen , Huang Shun‐Chen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionSalmonella spp. pose major public health problems worldwide. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of these foodborne pathogens is a prerequisite for the design of improved intervention strategies that could reduce the use of antimicrobial agents and drug‐resistant Salmonellosis. Accumulating evidence indicates that vitamin D is involved in regulating innate immunity, and may, therefore, play a key role in human responses to infection. Studies have suggested 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3), the active form of vitamin D, effectively ameliorates colitis. These findings have broad implications for the use of vitamin D compounds in colitis. This study investigated the effect of active vitamin D3 on the severity of Salmonella colitis.MethodsA Salmonella colitis model was established with 6–8‐week‐old male C57BL/6 mice: Streptomycin‐pretreated C57BL/6 mice were infected orally with Salmonella enterica serova Typhimurium wild‐type strain SL1344 for 48 h. The mice were randomly assigned to control, model, and 1,25(OH)2D3‐treated groups. After the experiment, the mice were sacrificed, and intestinal, spleen, and liver tissue samples were removed to analyze bacterial colonization, western blot for protein levels, and real‐time‐polymer chain reaction for messenger RNA (mRNA) expression.ResultsWe observed that 1,25D3 reduced the severity of Salmonella colitis in C57BL/6 mice by reducing cecal mIL‐1beta, mIL‐6, mTNF‐alpha, and mIL‐8 mRNA expressions, bacterial colonization (CFU/mg tissue) in the liver and spleen, but increased the human β‐defensin‐2 mRNA and autophagy protein expression, compared to those of the SL1344 infection only.ConclusionsOur results document that active vitamin D3 reduced Salmonella colitis by decreasing inflammation, and bacterial translocation via induction of killing and autophagic clearance of pathogenic organisms.
Randomized Phase II trial of combination chemotherapy with panitumumab or bevacizumab for patients with inoperable biliary tract cancer without KRAS exon 2 mutations
Authors: Amin Nadia Emad Lotfi , Hansen Torben Frøstrup , Fernebro Eva , Ploen John , Eberhard Jakob , Lindebjerg Jan , Jensen Lars Henrik 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBiliary tract cancers (BTC) are rare and often diagnosed in late stages with advanced, nonresectable disease. The targeted agents panitumumab and bevacizumab have shown promising outcomes in combination with chemotherapy in other gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. We wanted to investigate if panitumumab or bevacizumab was the most promising drug to add to chemotherapy. Eighty‐eight patients were randomized to combination chemotherapy supplemented by either panitumumab 6 mg/kg or bevacizumab 10 mg/kg on Day 1 in Arm A and Arm B, respectively. All patients received gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 on Day 1, oxaliplatin 60 mg/m2 on Day 1 and capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 twice daily from Days 1 to 7. Treatment was repeated every 2 weeks until progression or for a maximum of 6 months. At progression, crossover was made to the other treatment arm. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS) at 6 months. With 19 of 45 in Arm A and 23 of 43 in Arm B PFS at 6 months, the primary endpoint was not met. The overall response rate (ORR) was 45% vs 20% (P = .03), median PFS was 6.1 months vs 8.2 months (P = .13) and median overall survival (OS) was 9.5 months vs 12.3 months (P = .47) in Arm A and Arm B, respectively. Our study showed no consistent differences between adding panitumumab or bevacizumab to chemotherapy in nonresectable BTC and none of the two regimens qualify for testing in Phase III. However, we found a higher response rate in the panitumumab arm with potential implication for future trials in the neoadjuvant setting.
Using Fluorescence to Enable Innovative Functions of Foldamers
Authors: Fuller Amelia A. , Moreno Jose L. , Nguyen Michelle T. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMonodisperse, sequence‐specific oligomers that adopt regular three‐dimensional structures, termed foldamers, have found widespread use as biomimetics, sensors, and novel materials. This review highlights recent examples in which steady state and time‐resolved fluorescence techniques have clarified foldamer structure or enabled the development of foldamers with exciting and sophisticated functions. Applications of foldamers include their development into bioactive compounds, supramolecular hosts or sensors, and materials with useful optical properties. Examples that illustrate the use of natively fluorescent and fluorophore‐modified foldamers are discussed along with studies of fluorophore interactions with varied dyes.
Guidelines for Micro–Computed Tomography Analysis of Rodent Dentoalveolar Tissues
Authors: Chavez Michael B , Chu Emily Y , Kram Vardit , de Castro Luis F , Somerman Martha J , Foster Brian L 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTMicro–computed tomography (μCT) has become essential for analysis of mineralized as well as nonmineralized tissues and is therefore widely applicable in the life sciences. However, lack of standardized approaches and protocols for scanning, analyzing, and reporting data often makes it difficult to understand exactly how analyses were performed, how to interpret results, and if findings can be broadly compared with other models and studies. This problem is compounded in analysis of the dentoalveolar complex by the presence of four distinct mineralized tissues: enamel, dentin, cementum, and alveolar bone. Furthermore, these hard tissues interface with adjacent soft tissues, the dental pulp and periodontal ligament (PDL), making for a complex organ. Drawing on others' and our own experience analyzing rodent dentoalveolar tissues by μCT, we introduce techniques to successfully analyze dentoalveolar tissues with similar or disparate compositions, densities, and morphological characteristics. Our goal is to provide practical guidelines for μCT analysis of rodent dentoalveolar tissues, including approaches to optimize scan parameters (filters, voltage, voxel size, and integration time), reproducibly orient samples, define regions and volumes of interest, segment and subdivide tissues, interpret findings, and report methods and results. We include illustrative examples of analyses performed on genetically engineered mouse models with phenotypes in enamel, dentin, cementum, and alveolar bone. The recommendations are designed to increase transparency and reproducibility, promote best practices, and provide a basic framework to apply μCT analysis to the dentoalveolar complex that can also be extrapolated to a variety of other tissues of the body. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Establishing reference intervals for vitamins A and E in Chinese elderly people using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Yin Yicong , Wang Danchen , Ma Chaochao , Yu Songlin , Xie Shaowei , Cheng Qian , Qiu Ling 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundVitamins A and E play important roles in sustaining life activities and maintaining a good physical condition. However, most people, particularly the elderly, experience micronutrient deficiencies. This study aimed to establish reference intervals (RIs) for vitamins A and E in Chinese elderly people using a liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method.MethodsA total of 356 apparently healthy individuals aged ≥64 years who underwent health checkups were randomly selected for the study. Vitamin A and E levels were measured using LC‐MS/MS. The effect of sex on vitamin A and E levels was evaluated, and RIs were established using a parametric method.ResultsFemales showed significantly higher levels of vitamin E than males (p < 0.05). However, no significant sex‐specific difference was observed with vitamin A levels. The RI for vitamin A in the elderly was 0.283–0.730 mg/L. For vitamin E, the RIs were 4.39–15.63, 4.51–16.14, and 4.41–14.67 mg/L for the total, female, and male participants, respectively. In multiple linear regression, alanine aminotransferase, glutamyl transpeptidase, urea, glucose, and uric acid levels increased with increasing vitamin A levels (p < 0.05), and total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased with increasing vitamin E levels (p < 0.05). Direct bilirubin levels decreased with increasing vitamin E levels (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study established RIs for vitamins A and E in Chinese elderly individuals using an LC‐MS/MS method. We also found that females had significantly higher vitamin E levels than males. The findings could provide a scientific basis for interpreting vitamin status in the elderly.
Xpert Xpress Flu/RSV: Validation and impact evaluation at a large UK hospital trust
Authors: Morris Thomas C , Bird Paul W , Horvath‐Papp Eva , Dhillon Jasminder K , May Shoshanna , Tang Julian W 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDespite vaccination programs and antivirals, influenza remains a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality. The Xpert Xpress Flu/respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) test is a leading influenza point‐of‐care test, but its evaluation has been limited to nasopharyngeal samples. In addition, the clinical impacts of Xpress Flu/RSV have not yet been quantified. We evaluated the performance of Xpress Flu/RSV at three locations in a UK Hospital Trust against an existing laboratory assay. Multiple upper respiratory tract sample types were included. In addition, we calculated time saved by Xpert, and the associations between Xpert use and rates of early patient isolation and antiviral prescription as recorded at the time of the laboratory result being telephoned out. A total of 642 patients were included in the diagnostic performance analysis. There were 177 laboratory‐confirmed cases of influenza A, 7 influenza B and 86 RSV. For influenza A, sensitivity and specificity were 96.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92.8%–98.8%) and 98.1% (CI: 96.4%–99.1%), respectively. This was sustained across all locations and sample types. The negative predictive value was 98.7% (CI: 97.2%–99.4%). The median amount of time saved was 27.1 h. Xpert use was associated with sixfold higher rates of isolation and threefold higher rates of antiviral prescribing by the time the laboratory result was available. Sensitivity for RSV was lower at 86.0% (95% CI: 76.9%–92.6%). Xpert Xpress Flu/RSV reliably detects influenza A infection and has significant clinical impacts. Cartridge optimization is required to enable accurate multiplexing, including from a range of sample types.
Current state of minimally invasive pancreatic surgery
Authors: Schwarz Jason L. , Hogg Melissa E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe growth in minimally invasive pancreatic surgery (MIPS) has been accompanied by a recent surge in evidence‐based data available to analyze patient outcomes. A small complement of randomized control trials as well as a multitude of observational studies have demonstrated both consistent similarities and differences between MIPS and the open approach, although abundant questions remain. This review highlights the available literature and emphasizes key factors for evaluating laparoscopic and robotic pancreatic surgery.
Determination of anabolic androgenic steroids in dietary supplements and external drugs by magnetic solid‐phase extraction combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Wang Han , Wang Peng , Zhao Xiaoya , Ye Cheng , Zheng Xiyue , Cao Wei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe widespread abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids by healthy people leads to the risk of major mood disorders and heart failure; thus, the determination of anabolic androgenic steroids is vital. In this study, 17 anabolic androgenic steroids in dietary supplements and external drugs were identified, and their concentration was determined. For this purpose, polyaniline‐coated magnetic nanoparticles were prepared and then subjected to magnetic solid‐phase extraction combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The experimental parameters of magnetic solid‐phase extraction were studied in detail, and the optimal conditions were established. Under the optimal conditions, the limits of detection were in the range of 0.001–0.02 μg/L, with relative standard deviations of 5.52–11.6% (n = 7) for all the steroids, and the enrichment factors were in the range of 20.0–24.8. The developed method was then successfully applied for the determination of 17 anabolic androgenic steroids in real samples, and dehydroepiandrosterone (prasterone) was detected in a commercially available external drug.
Dietary Flavonoids and Cardiovascular Disease: A Comprehensive Dose–Response Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Micek Agnieszka , Godos Justyna , Del Rio Daniele , Galvano Fabio , Grosso Giuseppe 
Published: February 2021

ScopeDietary flavonoids have shown potential in the prevention of noncommunicable diseases. The aim of the present study is to conduct a dose–response meta‐analysis on the association between dietary intake of total, subclasses and individual flavonoids and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).Methods and ResultsElectronic databases are searched. A total of 39 prospective cohort studies are included, comprising 1 501 645 individuals and a total of 33 637 cases of CVD, 23 664 of coronary heart disease (CHD), and 11 860 of stroke. Increasing dietary intake of total flavonoids is linearly associated with a lower risk of CVD. Among the main classes of flavonoids, increasing intake of anthocyanins and flavan‐3‐ols is inversely associated with risk of CVD, while flavonols and flavones with CHD. Only increasing flavanones showed a linear inverse association with stroke risk. Catechins showed a favorable effect toward all cardiovascular outcomes. Among individual compounds, intake of quercetin and kaempferol is linearly associated with lower risk of CHD and CVD, respectively. However, higher intake of all the aforementioned compounds is associated, with a various extent, with a lower risk of CVD when considering comparison of extreme categories of consumption.ConclusionThe results of this study provide evidence of potential cardiovascular benefits of a flavonoid‐rich diet.