bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic approach of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in refractory peptic ulcer
Authors: Saleh Mahshid , Sohrabpour Amir Ali , Mehrabi Mohammad Reza , Seyhoun Iman , Vaezi Amir Abbas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPeptic ulcer is one of the most common gastrointestinal tract disorders worldwide, associated with challenges such as refractory morbidity, bleeding, interference with use of anticoagulants, and potential side effects associated with long-term use of proton pump inhibitors. A peptic ulcer is a defect in gastric or duodenal mucosa extending from muscularis mucosa to deeper layers of the stomach wall. In most cases, ulcers respond to standard treatments. However, in some people, peptic ulcer becomes resistant to conventional treatment or recurs after initially successful therapy. Therefore, new and safe treatments, including the use of stem cells, are highly favored for these patients. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells are readily available in large quantities with minimal invasive intervention, and isolation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal stem cells (ASC) produces large amounts of stem cells, which are essential for cell-based and restorative therapies. These cells have high flexibility and can differentiate into several types of cells in vitro. This article will investigate the effects and possible mechanisms and signaling pathways of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in patients with refractory peptic ulcers.
Evaluation of the effect of donor weight on adipose stromal/stem cell characteristics by using weight-discordant monozygotic twin pairs
Authors: Juntunen Miia , Heinonen Sini , Huhtala Heini , Rissanen Aila , Kaprio Jaakko , Kuismanen Kirsi , Pietiläinen Kirsi H. , Miettinen Susanna , Patrikoski Mimmi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Adipose stromal/stem cells (ASCs) are promising candidates for future clinical applications. ASCs have regenerative capacity, low immunogenicity, and immunomodulatory ability. The success of future cell-based therapies depends on the appropriate selection of donors. Several factors, including age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), may influence ASC characteristics. Our aim was to investigate the effect of acquired weight on ASC characteristics under the same genetic background using ASCs derived from monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs.

Methods
ASCs were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue from five weight-discordant (WD, within-pair difference in BMI > 3 kg/m2) MZ twin pairs, with measured BMI and metabolic status. The ASC immunophenotype, proliferation and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacity were studied. ASC immunogenicity, immunosuppression capacity and the expression of inflammation markers were investigated. ASC angiogenic potential was assessed in cocultures with endothelial cells.

Results
ASCs showed low immunogenicity, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation capacity independent of weight among all donors. ASCs showed a mesenchymal stem cell-like immunophenotype; however, the expression of CD146 was significantly higher in leaner WD twins than in heavier cotwins. ASCs from heavier twins from WD pairs showed significantly greater adipogenic differentiation capacity and higher expression of TNF and lower angiogenic potential compared with their leaner cotwins. ASCs showed immunosuppressive capacity in direct cocultures; however, heavier WD twins showed stronger immunosuppressive capacity than leaner cotwins.

Conclusions
Our genetically matched data suggest that a higher weight of the donor may have some effect on ASC characteristics, especially on angiogenic and adipogenic potential, which should be considered when ASCs are used clinically.
The effect of eating on the uptake of PSMA ligands in the salivary glands
Authors: Mohan V. , Bruin N. M. , van de Kamer J. B. , Sonke J.-J. , Vogel W. V. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Rationale
PSMA-directed therapy for metastatic prostate cancer is gaining adoption as a treatment option. However, accumulation of 177Lu/225Ac-PSMA in the salivary glands remains a problem, with risk of dose-limiting xerostomia and potentially severe effect on the quality of life. Gustatory stimulation is an approach that has commonly been used in radioactive iodine therapy to reduce accumulation in the salivary glands. However, based on theoretical differences in biodistribution, it was hypothesized that this could potentially lead to adverse increased toxicity for PSMA-ligand therapy. The primary objective of this work was to determine if gustatory stimulation by eating an assortment of sweet/fatty/acidic foods during the biodistribution phase of [18F]DCFPyl could result in a clinically relevant (> 30%) change in the uptake of the tracer in the salivary glands.

Methods
10 patients who already received a whole-body [18F]DCFPyl PET/CT scan for evaluation of prostate cancer, underwent a repeat (intervention) PET/CT scan within a month of the first (control) scan. During the intervention scan, patients chose from an assortment of sweet/fatty/acidic foods, which they then chewed and swallowed for a period of time starting 1 min before tracer administration to 10 min thereafter. Data from both scans were analyzed by placing VOIs on the major salivary glands and segmenting them using relative thresholds.

Results
A slight increase in PSMA uptake in the parotid glands was observed on the intervention scan when compared to the baseline scan (+ 7.1% SULmean and + 9.2% SULmax, p < 0.05). No significant difference in PSMA uptake in the submandibular glands was seen.

Conclusions
Eating only slightly increases uptake of [18F]DCFPyl in the parotid glands. We nonetheless recommend refraining from gustatory stimulation during the administration and early biodistribution phase of radionuclide therapy with PSMA-ligands to reduce the risk of avoidable additional toxicity.
Effectiveness of polymyxin B hemoperfusion for sepsis depends on the baseline SOFA score: a nationwide observational study
Authors: Fujimori Kenji , Tarasawa Kunio , Fushimi Kiyohide 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Polymyxin B hemoperfusion (PMX) aims to treat septic shock by removing endotoxin from the patient’s blood. However, the relationship between the severity of the patient's organ damage and the survival benefit of PMX treatment is not clear.

Methods
We analyzed the efficacy of PMX on adult sepsis patients using the propensity score matching method and the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) national inpatient database from April 2018 to March 2020. We stratified the patients into five categories based on their baseline Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and compared the mortality between PMX-treated and non-treated groups in each category. We also compared continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF)-, ventilator- and noradrenaline-free days between the groups.

Results
Of 44,177 patients included in the study, 2191 received PMX. After 1:1 propensity score matching, we created matched cohorts of 2033 pairs. PMX significantly improved the survival of the patients in the SOFA score categories of 7–9 and 10–12. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the survival rate in SOFA score categories of 0–6, 13–15, and 16–24. In analyzing organ support-free days, PMX was also beneficial in the 7–9 and 10–12 SOFA categories compared to other categories.

Conclusion
Analysis of a large-scale Japanese inpatient database found a significant association between PMX efficacy and baseline SOFA score. This result indicates higher efficacy in patients with medium SOFA scores in the range of 7–12. The result provides a promising hypothesis for selecting appropriate patients for PMX and should be validated in future RCTs.
Statistical feature-based steganalysis for pixel-value differencing steganography
Authors: Lin Wen-Bin , Lai Tai-Hung , Chang Ko-Chin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPixel-value differencing (PVD) steganography is a popular spatial domain technology. Several PVD-based studies have proposed extended PVD steganography methods. The majority of these studies have verified their security against the regular-singular (RS) analysis. However, RS analysis is aimed at the feature of the least significant bit substitution method, which is relatively less significant for PVD steganography. The pixel difference histogram (PDH) is generally utilized to attack PVD steganography. If the embedding capacity is high, then the features on the PDH are evident; otherwise, the features are less obvious. In this paper, we propose a statistical feature-based steganalysis technique for the original PVD steganography. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared with existing steganalysis technique with weighted stego-image (WS) method, the proposed method effectively detects PVD steganography at low embedding ratios, such that there is no need of using the original embedding parameters. Furthermore, the accuracy and precision of the method are better than those of existing PVD steganalysis techniques. Therefore, the proposed method contributes to the security analysis of the original PVD steganography as an alternative to the commonly used RS, PDH and WS attack techniques.
Performance evaluation and design of 5G communication-based millimeter wave antenna
Authors: Shakir Mustafa , Aslam Sohaib , Sarwar M. Usman , Adnan Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Rafay 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMultiple categories of electronic devices have been introduced recently in response to the demands and developments in the industry. Around 5.19 billion telecom services subscribers today have a significant effect on the allocation and utilization of bandwidth, and hence, there is extensive need to use higher-frequency bands, e.g., mm band to achieve the required quality of service since there is extensive need to shift the paradigm to the next generation. For 5G networks, antenna structuring and designing is an integral part of the communication system. In antenna theory, improving antenna gain is important to attain isotropic antenna, antenna gain can be improved by the controlled behavior of frequencies, beam forming and choosing the right antenna fabric. Through antenna design using different substrates thickness, the propagation losses are examined in order to determine the variation with radiation characteristics. In this way, the examination of the 5G mm-wave spectrum with comparative analysis of input impedance, gain and radiation efficiency is shown through mathematical modeling. Using this approach, the antenna efficiency is improved by up to 20% with increase in substrate thickness. Different antenna arrays have been designed for effective improvement in reflection coefficients. The results are obtained using simulation of antenna in CST and high-frequency structure simulator.
New interpolation spaces and strict Hölder regularity for fractional abstract Cauchy problem
Authors: Alam Md Mansur , Dubey Shruti , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe know that interpolation spaces in terms of analytic semigroup have a significant role into the study of strict Hölder regularity of solutions of classical abstract Cauchy problem (ACP). In this paper, we first construct interpolation spaces in terms of solution operators in fractional calculus and characterize these spaces. Then we establish strict Hölder regularity of mild solutions of fractional order ACP.
Enhancing reservoir control in the co-dynamics of HIV-VL: from mathematical modeling perspective
Authors: Melese Zinabu Teka , Alemneh Haileyesus Tessema 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHIV patients are vulnerable to developing active visceral leishmaniasis (VL). To understand this complication, we studied a mathematical model for HIV and visceral leishmaniasis coinfection. In this approach, we reckoned two distinct equilibria: the disease-free and the endemic equilibria. The local and global stability of the disease-free equilibrium were thoroughly investigated. To further support the qualitative findings, we performed simulations to quantify the changes of the dynamical behavior of the full model for variation of relevant parameters. Increasing the rate of VL recovery ($\phi _{1}$

ϕ
1

), the recovery rate for VL–HIV Co-infection ($\phi _{2}$

ϕ
2

), removing reservoirs ($c_{1}$

c
1

), minimizing the contact rate ($\beta _{h}$

β
h

) are important in controlling the transmission of individual and co-infection disease of VL and HIV. In conclusion, possible measures should be implemented to reduce the number of infected individuals. Therefore, we recommend that policy makers and stakeholders incorporate these measures during planing and implementation phases to control the transmission of VL–HIV co-infection.
Mean-square exponential input-to-state stability of stochastic inertial neural networks
Authors: Wang Wentao , Chen Wei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBy introducing some parameters perturbed by white noises, we propose a class of stochastic inertial neural networks in random environments. Constructing two Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals, we establish the mean-square exponential input-to-state stability on the addressed model, which generalizes and refines the recent results. In addition, an example with numerical simulation is carried out to support the theoretical findings.
Integrating traditional practices and social network visualization to prevent substance use: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial among urban Native American emerging adults
Authors: D’Amico Elizabeth J. , Dickerson Daniel L. , Rodriguez Anthony , Brown Ryan A. , Kennedy David P. , Palimaru Alina I. , Johnson Carrie , Smart Rosanna , Klein David J. , Parker Jennifer , McDonald Keisha , Woodward Michael J. , Gudgell Ninna 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Nonmedical use of prescription opioids (defined as taking opioid medications for hedonic effects or in a manner other than prescribed) and the use of heroin have emerged in recent years as major public health concerns in the United States. Of particular concern is the prevalence of opioid use among emerging adults (ages 18–25), as this is a developmental period of heightened vulnerability and critical social, neurological, and psychological development. Data from 2015 show that American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) people have the highest rates of diagnosis for opioid use disorders (OUDs). One recent study found that the overdose death rate among urban-dwelling AI/AN individuals was 1.4 times higher compared to those living in rural areas. To date, there are no evidence-based prevention programs addressing opioid use among urban AI/AN emerging adults that integrate culturally-appropriate strategies with evidence-based treatment. Traditions and Connections for Urban Native Americans (TACUNA) builds on our prior work with AI/AN communities across California to develop and evaluate culturally appropriate programming to address opioid, alcohol, and cannabis use among urban AI/AN emerging adults.

Methods/design
In a randomized controlled trial, 18–25 year old urban AI/AN emerging adults will receive either TACUNA (n = 185), which comprises three virtual workshops utilizing motivational interviewing, social network visualization, and integrating traditional practices and a wellness circle, or one virtual culturally sensitive opioid education workshop (n = 185). We will evaluate intervention effects on primary outcomes of frequency of opioid, alcohol, and cannabis use, as well as secondary outcomes of social network characteristics and cultural connectedness, over a 12-month period.

Discussion
This project has the potential to expand the range and effectiveness of opioid, alcohol, and cannabis services for urban AI/AN emerging adults by addressing the opioid epidemic and use of other substances at both the community and individual level. In addition, it provides important culturally grounded conceptual and practical information to advance the field of substance use interventions and enhance resiliency among this population.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04617938. Registered October 26, 2020 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT04617938.
Care-engaged individuals with polysubstance use in Northeastern US are undertreated for methamphetamine use disorder: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yen Li Mimi , Alba George A. , Mitton Julian , Bearnot Benjamin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Stimulant use has increased across the US, with concomitant opioid and methamphetamine use doubling between 2011 and 2017. Shifting patterns of polysubstance use have led to rising psychostimulant-involved deaths. While it is known that individuals who use methamphetamine require greater access to treatment, there is still little known about methamphetamine use and treatment among individuals who are already engaged in outpatient substance use treatment.

Objectives
To characterize care-engaged individuals who use methamphetamine to guide harm reduction and treatment strategies.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of individuals at a large academic medical center in Massachusetts with ≥ 2 positive methamphetamine oral fluid toxicology tests between August 2019 and January 2020. We performed descriptive analysis of sociodemographic, medical, and drug use characteristics and a comparative analysis of injection methamphetamine use versus other routes of use.

Results
Included were 71 individuals [56 male (80%), 66 non-Hispanic white (94%), median age 36 (IQR 30–42)]. Nearly all had opioid (94%) and stimulant use disorder (92%). Most had (93%) or were (83%) being treated with medications for opioid use disorder, but few received pharmacologic treatment for methamphetamine use disorder (24%). None received contingency management treatment.
People who inject methamphetamine (68%) were more likely to have a history of overdose (91% vs. 70%; p = 0.02), have HCV (94% vs. 52%; p < 0.01), use fentanyl (93% vs. 65%; p = 0.02), and engage in sex work (19% vs. 0%; p = 0.03) compared to those who used via other routes. Both groups had prevalent homelessness (88% vs. 73%; p = 0.15), incarceration (81% vs. 64%; p = 0.11), depression (94% vs. 87%; p = 0.34), and bacteremia (27% vs. 22%; p = 0.63).

Conclusions
Individuals in our study had high prevalence of polysubstance use, particularly concomitant methamphetamine and opioid use. Individuals who were well connected to substance use treatment for their opioid use were still likely to be undertreated for their methamphetamine use disorder and would benefit from greater access to contingency management treatment, harm reduction resources, and resources to address adverse social determinants of health.
Co-creation as an innovative setting to improve the uptake of scientific knowledge: overcoming obstacles, understanding considerations and applying enablers to improve scientific impact in society
Authors: Stier J. , Smit S. E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractImpact-driven research is a EU priority and, increasingly, for universities around Europe. Still, there is need for specific strategies to improve the societal impact of scientific knowledge and therewith improve the uptake of scientific results. Co-creation deeply evolves the role of scientific knowledge and increases its impact. Albeit there is much research on the conceptualization and contextualization of co-creation, research on the microlevel dynamics of co-creation is less common. This article aims to understand the dynamics of and clarify the role of co-creation within and between quadruple helix actors (academia, government, industry and societal partners). Here, co-creation refers to the collaboration, where such actors actively join forces to address challenges. This paper revolves around insights from the European Commission Horizon 2020-project—Accomplissh(www.accomplissh.eu) which stands for “Accelerate co-creation by setting up a multi-actor platform for impact from Social Sciences and Humanities”. The results lay bare a set of obstacles, areas of consideration and enablers in co-creation. This said, it is argued that scientific knowledge is optimally utilized when a set of guidelines or recommendations are followed and carried out by all involved actors.
Innovation processes in Kazakhstan: development factors
Authors: Sadyrova Mansia , Yusupov Kuanish , Imanbekova Bibigul 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe paper analyzes and assesses the main issues and development factors of innovation processes in Kazakhstan. It is known that in modern conditions of dynamically developing competitive processes and scientific and technological progress, innovations serve as the basis of the national economy and a key factor in ensuring the competitiveness of enterprises. Moreover, today, the economy of the country can successfully compete in the market on the basis of the continuous improvement of goods and services produced as well as the development of new directions. It is also obvious that the development of new products, implementation of innovations and new measures are key performance indicators at both the macro and microeconomic levels. In this sense, an innovative way of socio-economic development of the country is becoming an urgent problem for Kazakhstan. An analysis of the situation shows that in the real sector of the economy, the possibilities of increasing production at the expense of extensive factors are largely exhausted. It is necessary to ensure the modernization of the economy through the introduction of modern technologies and the maximum use of the country’s intellectual potential. The realization of the economic strategy determines the implementation of the main directions of social policy in line with the innovative development of Kazakh society as a whole.
Effectiveness of topical vancomycin in the prevention of spinal surgical site infections: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tafish Rawan T. , Alkhaldi Ahmed F. , Bourghli Anouar , Althunian Turki A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The risk of surgical site infections (SSIs), particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) SSIs, after spinal surgeries is one of the most daunting experiences to patients and surgeons. Some authors suggest applying vancomycin powder on the wound before skin closure to minimize the risk of SSIs; however, this practice is not supported by well-established evidence. This study sought to assess the effectiveness of topical (i.e. intra-wound) vancomycin in minimizing the risk of SSIs in patients who underwent spinal surgeries at a Saudi hospital.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the hospital database. Patients who underwent spinal surgeries from the period of 09/2013 to 09/2019 were included and followed up (observed from the time of the surgery) to 30 days (surgeries without implants) or 90 days (with implants). The odds ratio (OR) of the primary outcome between vancomycin treated versus non-treated patients was estimated using a logistic regression model adjusting for the measured confounders. A sensitivity analysis was conducted using propensity score analysis (inverse probability of treatment weighting [IPTW] with stabilized weights) to control for confounding by indication. All study analyses were completed using RStudio Version 1.2.5033.

Results
We included 81 vancomycin treated vs. 375 untreated patients with 28 infections (8/81 vs. 20/375; respectively). The adjusted OR of SSIs between the two groups was 0.40 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.11 to 1.34). The result of the propensity score analysis was consistent (OR: 0.97 [95% CI 0.35 to 2.68]).

Conclusions
We could not find a lower association of SSIs with intra-wound vancomycin in patients who underwent spinal surgeries. Further studies are needed to assess benefits of using topical vancomycin for this indication vs. the risk of antimicrobial resistance.