bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical changes on the typical sites of pressure ulcers in the process of turning over from supine position: theoretical analysis, simulation and experiment
Authors: Su Peng , Lun Qinglong , Lu Da , Wu Qiulong , Liu Tian , Zhang Leiyu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Pressure ulcer is a typical disease, which is common in long-term bedridden patients and difficult to cure. It is necessary to study the biomechanics of the typical sites of pressure ulcers in turning over from supine position, which is an important reference for clinical medical nursing and and guides an assisted exoskeleton robot design.
Methods
The typical sites of pressure ulcers mainly focus on the scapula and the hip-sacrum of the trunk in turning over from the supine position. Based on the requirements of rehabilitation technical aids and the anatomy theory, the simple model of the scapula and the hip-sacrum were established for a force analysis in the process of turning over from the supine position, and the theoretical contact pressure between the human body and the bed surface was obtained. Then, three-dimensional models of the scapula and hip- sacrum were reconstructed and the maximum stress under different boundary conditions was obtained by finite element analysis. Finally, the pressure distribution sensor was used to carry out the human experiment of turning over from the supine position, and the pressure cloud diagram and the maximum contact pressure curve of the shoulder blade and the hip were obtained under different angles of turning over.
Results
The results from theoretical analysis, simulation and experiment were almost the same change trends, and the curves and the stress diagrams showed the contact pressure change of the typical sites of pressure ulcers in turning over. The angle threshold of the optimal comprehensive pressure can improve the use efficiency of the equipment to assist human turning over and reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers in the use of assisted bed in long-term bedridden patients.
Conclusions
In response to the less research on the mechanism of pressure ulcer, biomechanical changes have been revealed, which helps to explain the causes of pressure ulcer disease and provide basis for improving clinical nursing, and the relevant results provided a reference that contributes to the man-machine coupling design of the assisted rollover robot.
Patient Blood Management in Craniosynostosis Surgery
Authors: Kumba Claudine 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Craniosynostosis surgery is one of the most hemorrhagic interventions, where transfusion rates vary from 20 to 100% depending on the study.Objective: To describe intraoperative and postoperative outcomes in a secondary analysis of children who underwent craniosynostosis surgery included in the initial retrospective study with the aim of proposing intraoperative implementation optimization protocols for postoperative outcome improvement.Methods: Secondary analysis. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee.Results: There were 69 children with a median age of 10 [0-207] months.Eight (11.6%) patients had intraoperative and/or postoperative complications. One patient (1.5%) had intraoperative hemorrhagic shock, and two patients (2.9%) had intraoperative broncholaryngospasm. One patient (1.5%) had postoperative anaphylaxis. One patient (1.5%) had postoperative hemorrhagic shock. One patient (1.5%) had postoperative respiratory failure. Two patients (2.9%) had postoperative neurologic failure. One patient (1.5%) had neuro-meningeal sepsis. One patient (1.5%) had a re-operation. There was no in-hospital mortality.Fourty-eight patients (69.6%) had intraoperative transfusions.Conclusion: Transfusion protocols guided with point-of-care tests should be included in patient blood management programs in craniosynostosis surgery.
The importance of compression sonoelastography in improving the diagnostics of the pathology of myometrium
Authors: Sharmazanova Olena , Safonova Inessa , Mityakova Yulia 
Published: August 2021

The diversity of the clinical picture and the asymptomatic nature of the clinical manifestations of myometrial pathology cause difficulties in diagnosis. There is a lack of reliable diagnostic criteria for this pathology, in particular, imaging, especially with the simultaneous combination of adenomyosis and leiomyoma.
The aim of the research. Determination of the possibility of compression sonoelastography in the diagnosis of myometrial pathology and determination of its sonoelastography characteristics in leiomyoma and adenomyosis, as well as comparison of sonoelastography results with histological data.
Materials and methods. Elastography images of 155 patients with adenomyosis and leiomyoma, as well as combined pathology, were analyzed, the elastography diagnosis of which was confirmed by histological examination.
Results. Leiomyoma and adenomyosis had different elastography characteristics (strain ratios) with different color mapping; their specific characteristics and main differences are determined. Based on sonoelastography, the majority of patients (n=30) were suspected of having uterine fibroids, 14 had adenomyosis, and 42 had adenomyosis and fibroids. Sonoelastography revealed histological signs of adenomyosis in 3 patients with uterine leiomyoma.
Conclusions. Ultrasound examination using compression sonoelastography in such pathological conditions of the myometrium as adenomyosis and leiomyoma, as well as unchanged myometrium, makes it possible to determine changes in the degree of elasticity of the myometrium in the corresponding pathology. Sonoelastography allows the identification of clear distinguishing features of fibroids and adenomyosis. The unchanged myometrium has a certain elasticity, which can be equated to a specific numerical value – the coefficient of deformation. This indicator has different meanings in myoma and adenomyosis, which makes it possible to differentiate these pathological conditions of the myometrium. Compression sonoelastography is able to identify clear distinguishing features of leiomyoma and adenomyosis, and consistency of diagnoses based on sonoelastography and histology is significant but not optimal.
The prognostic value of the serum inflammatory biomarkers in patients with carotid atherosclerosis
Authors: Dubenko Olga , Litovchenko Tetyana , Anysienkova Victoria , Nessonova Maryna , Kovalenko Liudmyla 
Published: August 2021

20 % of ischemic stroke appear to originate from carotid artery atherosclerotic disease. Serum biomarkers reflecting the activity of atherosclerotic process and may help for estimate risk of acute cerebrovascular events. Several serum inflammatory markers have been proposed for risk assessment, but their prognostic role less known.
The aim of this study is to clarify the prognostic value of biomarkers of atherosclerosis lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and E-selectin in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid stenosis.
Materials and methods. The study involved 106 patients with atherosclerotic carotid stenosis >50 % (74 men and 32 women, mean age 62.6±0.9) from which 76 symptomatic (35 with acute ipsilateral atherothrombotic stroke and 41 after carotid endarterectomy) and 30 asymptomatic patients. The control group consisted of age- and sex-matched 20 healthy subjects. The level of serum Lp-PLA2 and E-selectin was determined using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.
Results. The level of Lp-PLA 2 was in general significantly higher (p<0.05) in patients groups than in the control group and most high Lp-PLA2 concentration was in groups of symptomatic patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy. The level of E-selectin in the study patients was significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.05). The correlation of Lp-PLA 2 with E-selectin was significant for total patients (R=0.365664, p=0.00085) and group after carotid endarterectomy (R=0.429143, p=0.01796), but not for asymptomatic group (p>0.05). Receiver Operating Characteristics curves of logistic regression models which takes into joint both indicators was specificity and sensitive for predicting the occurrence of ischemic stroke.
Conclusion. Conducted study show that the levels of Lp-PLA 2 and E-selectin have a significant impact on the development of stroke in patients with atherosclerotic carotid stenosis and can be used to predict it. A multidimensional model of the dependence of the probability of stroke on a linear combination of Lp-PLA 2 and E-selectin allows to obtaining significantly higher characteristics of the accuracy of stroke prediction than models with each factor alone.
Monitoring of parasitic diseases of dogs
Authors: Morozov Bogdan , Berezovskyi Andrii 
Published: August 2021

During the study, dogs were diagnosed with the following helminthic diseases: toxocariasis, echinococcosis, uncinariosis, trichuriasis, capillariosis, dipilidiosis, which took the form of mono and mixed invasions.
The aim of this study was to identify the intensity of helminth infestation of dogs of different ages and methods of keeping.
Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted during 2018–2020 on the basis of the laboratory “Innovative technologies and safety and quality of livestock products” and “Veterinary Pharmacy” of the Department of Veterinary Examination, Microbiology, Zoohygiene and Safety and Quality of Livestock Products; epizootology and parasitology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Sumy National Agrarian University.
In cities and villages, faecal samples were taken from dogs, taking into account the method of keeping (tethered or untethered) and their use (office, hunting, decorative, etc.), which were placed in airtight containers, labeled samples and sent to the laboratory for the research.
The object of clinical and laboratory research were dogs aged one to seven years, admitted to veterinary clinics in the period from 2018 to 2020, with suspected helminthic diseases. Testing of dogs was performed by collecting medical history and clinical examination.
Results. According to the results of the research, it was established that among helminthic diseases during 2018–2020 the following diseases were registered: toxocariasis, cestodes, uncinariosis of dogs. Among the blood-parasitic diseases for the period 2018–2020 were diagnosed with heartworm disease, babesiosis of dogs.
Among ectoparathyroidism, the laboratory diagnosed demodectic mange, otodectosis, canine sarcoptosis, and carnivorous syphonepterosis. A total of 513 surveys were conducted in 2018, of which 80 were positive; for 2019–509, of which positive – 58; for 2020 – 488, of which 62 are positive.
Conclusions. Intestinal helminthiasis has been found to account for the lowest proportion (11 %) of carnivorous parasitic diseases compared to blood parasitic diseases (19 %) and ectoparasitosis (70 %), but they are of great interest for study because of their significant epidemiological significance and may be the cause of disease in humans.
It has been proven that helminthic diseases of dogs run as mixed invasion, and a minority of cases 31.7 % of cases run as mono invasion. Of the total number of patients with helminthic diseases, 73.4 % of the total number of animals were accompanied by other diseases of infectious and non-infectious ethology
Rationale for the efficiency of transcranial magnetic stimulation in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Gaponov Petro 
Published: August 2021

The aim. Based on the analysis and comprehensive clinical and neurological evaluation of the results to substantiate the effectiveness of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
Methods. A total of 110 MS patients were included in the study. The control group consisted of 30 patients who received pathogenetic therapy and 80 patients who underwent a course of rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) together with pathogenetic therapy.
Results. The results obtained during the study indicate the complex multifactorial nature of fatigue and its significant impact on the clinical manifestations of MS. Also, the use of rTMS reduced the severity of the main neurological symptoms of MS. The improvement in the overall EDSS scale in the group of patients receiving rTMS was statistically significant: from 5.0±1.9 points to 4.5±2.0 points (p<0.01), in the comparison group (p>0.05). Under the influence of TMS, gait function improved, but these indicators were statistically insignificant (p>0.05). The greatest effect of rTMS was obtained on the manifestations of fatigue and also extended to its cognitive and psychosocial components. The obtained patterns are confirmed in the analysis of indicators on the SCA and FS scales. Involvement in the treatment of patients with MS rTMS allowed to achieve a significant reduction in the manifestations of all components of fatigue: from 76.0±20.9 points to 75.5±20.5 points (p<0.05).
The data obtained during the study confirm the effectiveness, safety and viability of non-invasive neuromodulation by rTMS in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with MS.
Conclusions. The use of rTMS has a positive effect on the manifestations of fatigue, both motor and cognitive, in patients with MS at all types of course and at different stages of progression. Non-invasiveness, safety and ease of use, the possibility of differentiated use allow the use of rTMS in the clinic of rehabilitation treatment and become an important component of active drug and non-drug rehabilitation of patients with MS.
Biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in staphylococcus isolated from different objects
Authors: Vishovan Yurii , Ushkalov Valerii , Vygovska Lilia , Ishchenko Liudmyla , Salmanov Aidyn , Bilan Andrii , Kalakailo Liubov , Hranat Andrii , Boianovskiy Serhii 
Published: August 2021

Staphylococci have a wide range of pathogenic properties, among which stands increased resistance to antibiotics and the ability to form a biofilm. Being divided into coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative, they have different and, at the same time, common biological properties and may be a source of genetic material for each other.
The aim of the study was to examine the properties of staphylococci, isolated from various objects (milk, pigs, companion animals, humans), their resistance to antibiotics, the ability to form a biofilm and the presence of genes, responsible for resistance to methicillin and biofilm formation.
In this study we used 89 Staphylococci strains. 18 (20.2 %) strains were coagulase-positive, where 2 (2.2 %) strains, isolated from different animals and humans, had a complete set of phenotypic (plasma coagulation, biofilm formation, resistance to oxacillin and benzylpenicillin) and genotypic (mec A, fem B, ica A, ica D) signs of pathogenicity.
Coagulase-negative staphylococci, isolated from various animals and humans, had resistance to oxacillin, benzylpenicillin and the ability to form biofilms, and also had the corresponding genes in their structure (mec A, ica AB, ica D) in 3.3 % of cases.
Staphylococci, isolated from different animals and humans, were able to form a biofilm and had the appropriate set of genes (ica D, ica AB) in 5.6 % of cases.
Research of qualitative indicators of butter cookies using protein-mineral supplements
Authors: Kholobtseva Iryna , Serik Maksym , Samokhvalova Olga 
Published: August 2021

The results of researches of influence of protein-mineral supplements on quality indicators of butter cookies are presented. It is described, that the supplements are used as a multifunctional ingredient, which on the one hand enriches the finished product with digestible calcium compounds, on the other - performs a number of technological tasks and improves the consumer characteristics of butter cookies.
The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of protein-mineral supplements on a number of physicochemical, consumer characteristics and safety indicators of butter cookies.
The study of the following physicochemical parameters of the quality of butter cookies was conducted: mass fraction of moisture, wettability, alkalinity, calcium content, including total and protein-bound.
It is established, that with the content of supplements up to 5.0% of the flour weight, all the above indicators meet the established requirements. With the content of suppements at the level of 6.0… 7.0%, there are limit values of such an indicator as wettability, which is undesirable to ensure the appropriate porous structure of the product. Based on the obtained data, it can be stated, that 5.0% of the use of supplements is the limit rational content in the composition of butter cookies.
The organoleptic analysis proved the high characteristics of the developed products in comparison with traditional ones. In products with supplements, there was an improvement in the structure of the product in the cut and its color. This is ensured by the stabilization of the emulsion by the supplement during the manufacture of products and by peculiarities of its chemical composition.
Studies of safety indicators allowed to establish less intensive dynamics of accumulation of primary oxidation products (peroxides) in samples of flour and butter products with supplements in comparison with control. The best microbiological stability of products with supplements is also proved. Due to the bacteriostatic effect of the supplements, less intensive accumulation of microflora during storage was achieved.
On the basis of the conducted researches the expediency of using up to 5.0% of protein-mineral supplements in the composition of flour and butter products for enrichment of finished products with digestible calcium compounds, improvement of organoleptic characteristics and safety indicators have been established.
Study of the efficiency of the inhibitory effect of antimicrobial preparations in the production of sugar substances
Authors: Husiatynska Nataliia , Teterina Svitlana , Hryhorenko Nataliia , Kalenik Olha 
Published: August 2021

This article presents the relevance of the issue of inhibition of microbiological processes at different stages of processing of sugar-containing raw materials, in particular ensuring the microbiological purity of juices and syrups in the production of sugar substances. Information on the composition of microbiota contaminating raw materials in the production of beet sugar, raw cane sugar, food syrups from sugar sorghum is analyzed.
Experimental data on the evaluation of the effectiveness of a number of antimicrobial preparations in terms of growth retardation of pure cultures of microorganisms and the effect of disinfection during the introduction of preparations are presented.
The greatest danger in production is caused by the development of spore-forming and mucus-forming bacteria, which led to the choice of research objects.
Thus, the effect of antimicrobial preparations on microorganisms: mesophilic bacteria Bacillus subtilis, B. megatherium, thermophilic bacteria B. stearothermophilus, mucus-forming bacteria of the genus Leuconostos, was investigated. In addition, the effect of antimicrobials on mycelial fungi of the genus Aspergillus was studied.
Based on the conducted experimental studies, the range of costs of the studied antimicrobial preparation for the suppression of contaminating microflora in the production of sugar and food syrups from vegetable raw materials was determined
Phycological and bacteriological assessment of drinking water in schools of Tanta city, Egypt
Authors: El-Sheekh Mostafa M. , Hamoud Mai M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFrequent water analysis is required to discover pollutants, describe water characteristics, and create a database for the water type that must be cleansed and treated in order to generate healthy water and, as a result, determine the best treatment method. In this regard, the goal of this research was to evaluate the overall physicochemical, phycological, and bacteriological properties of tap water samples taken periodically from 12 different Tanta city schools. In total, 57 algal species were identified throughout the investigation, 33 species belonging to Chlorophyta, 13 species to Bacillariophyta, and 11 species to Cyanophyta. Phytoplankton species richness and diversity were relatively stable in each school all year round. Chlorella, Cyclotella, Scenedesmus, which are organically pollution-tolerant genera according to Palmer's pollution index, were observed in the present study. Throughout the research seasons, total and fecal coliform bacteria were positively correlated (r = 0.94) in all of the study area sites. The counts of pollution indicators were more in groundwater than treated water.
Vitamin D Affects the Warburg Effect and Stemness Maintenance of Non-
Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling
Pathway
Authors: Yiyan SongYang , Yang Songyisha , Li Dejia , Li Wen 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent form of
lung cancer, accounting for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases and resulting in high morbidity
and mortality. Previous studies have demonstrated that 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin-D3 (vitamin
D) exhibited anti-cancer activity against breast and prostate cancer.

Objectives:
The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of vitamin D on NSCLC and its
underlying mechanism.

Methods:
The effects of vitamin D on stemness maintenance and the Warburg effect in NSCLC
cells were investigated both in vitro and in vivo.

Results and Discussion:
In vitro experiments revealed that vitamin D inhibited glycolysis and
stemness maintenance in A549 and NCI-H1975 cells. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments indicated
that vitamin D attenuated the expression of metabolism-related enzymes associated with the
Warburg effect (GLUT1, LDHA, HK2, and PKM2). In addition, vitamin D down-regulated the expression
of stemness-related genes (Oct-4, SOX-2, and Nanog) and the expression of PI3K, AKT,
and mTOR.

Conclusion:
Overall, these findings suggest that vitamin D suppresses the Warburg effect and
stemness maintenance in NSCLC cells via the inactivation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, thereby
inhibiting the progression of NSCLC. The current study indicates that vitamin D is a potential candidate
in therapeutic strategies against NSCLC.