bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjunctive rifampin therapy for native valve Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis in a neonate: A case report and literature review
Authors: Almatrafi Mohammed A. , Alsahaf Nouf , Alsharif Elaf J. , Sayed Jamal A. , Telmesani Abdulwahab M. A. , Alidrisi Dhuha , Mohammed Alkhayat , Mosalli Rafat , Albaihani Ahmed 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInfective endocarditis in neonates can be fatal. Adjunctive rifampin therapy might be effective as salvage therapy in critically ill patients with Staphylococcus aureus native valve endocarditis (NVE). We present a case of a full‐term neonate with NVE who had a favorable clinical outcome after adding rifampin to standard therapy.
Complete agenesis of the corpus callosum in paranoid schizophrenia—a case report
Authors: Neupane Hari , Adhikari Suresh , Dhungana Saraswati 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCorpus callosum agenesis is a rare condition and is sometimes associated with schizophrenia. The co‐existence of these two conditions adds value to the neurodevelopmental theory of schizophrenia.
Subsequent malignant neoplasms in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study: Occurrence of cancer types in which human papillomavirus is an established etiologic risk factor
Authors: Henderson Tara O. , Fowler Brynn W. , Hamann Haley A. , Nathan Paul C. , Whitton Jillian , Leisenring Wendy M. , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Neglia Joseph P. , Turcotte Lucie M. , Arnold Michael A. , Conces Miriam R. , Howell Rebecca M. , Robison Leslie L. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Alexander Kenneth A. 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNHPV) in childhood cancer survivors are poorly understood.MethodsThe cumulative risk of SMNHPV was assessed among 24,363 Childhood Cancer Survivor Study participants. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and absolute excess risk were calculated using age‐matched, sex‐matched, and calendar year rates from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. Poisson regression models identified SMNHPV risk factors, evaluating relative SIRs (rSIR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).ResultsIn total, 46 survivors developed an SMNHPV (median age, 31 years [range, 10‐56 years]; median time from primary cancer, 21 years [range, 9‐35 years]). SMNHPV sites included oropharynx (N = 44), anorectum (N = 6), uterine cervix (N = 2), and vulva (N = 2). The 33‐year cumulative incidence was 0.3% (95% CI, 0.2%‐0.4%), and the SIR was nearly 3‐fold that of the general population (SIR, 2.86; 95% CI, 2.05‐4.00). Female survivors were not at increased risk of cervical or vulvar cancers compared with the general population. All survivors had an elevated risk of oropharyngeal SMNHPV (males: SIR, 4.06; 95% CI, 2.37‐6.97; females: SIR, 8.44; 95% CI 4.88‐14.61) and anorectal SMNHPV (males: SIR, 13.56; 95% CI, 5.09‐36.13; females: SIR, 9.15; 95% CI, 2.29‐36.61). Males (vs females: rSIR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.00‐3.94); head, neck, and pelvic radiotherapy doses >3000 centigray (vs none: rSIR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.11‐4.97); and cisplatin‐equivalent doses >400 mg/m2 (vs none: rSIR, 4.51; 95% CI, 1.78‐11.43) were associated with increased SMNHPV SIRs in multivariable analysis.ConclusionsChildhood cancer survivors are at increased risk for SMN in sites susceptible to HPV‐associated malignancies. Further research examining HPV in the etiology of SMN and the promotion of HPV vaccination and surveillance guidelines for SMNHPV in cancer survivors is warranted.
The glocalization of the shared society concept in Israel
Authors: Rosen Rolly 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn November 2008, the Madrid Club's Shared Societies Project published “A Call to Action for Shared Societies” (Club de Madrid 2009). It included a list of commitments, among them, creating opportunities for consultation of minorities, monitoring structures and policies, etc. (ibid, p. 37). The present article seeks to
Follow the glocalization process of the principles and describe the ways the concept of “shared society” reached Israeli civil society
Describe these through the example of one conference.
Follow narratives regarding the “birth of the concept’
Explore the dissemination strategies.
Understand the different interpretations attached to it and compare them to the parallel global discourse
Describe the implementations and/or rejections.
Explore the challenges involved.
(While the Club de Madrid recommendations were written to serve governments, in Israel, they were used mainly by civil society organizations, sometimes in cooperation with local authorities. The Israeli government was nor particularly interested in the principles, which was one of the reasons the Club de Madrid ceased its work in the country around 2015).
Wildfire and topography drive woody plant diversity in a Sky Island mountain range in the Southwest USA
Authors: Barton Andrew M. , Poulos Helen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimDrastic changes in fire regimes are altering plant communities, inspiring ecologists to better understand the relationship between fire and plant species diversity. We examined the impact of a 90,000‐ha wildfire on woody plant species diversity in an arid mountain range in southern Arizona, USA. We tested recent fire‐diversity hypotheses by addressing the impacts on diversity of fire severity, fire variability, historical fire regimes, and topography.LocationChiricahua National Monument, Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona, USA, part of the Sky Islands of the US–Mexico borderlands.TaxonWoody plant species.MethodsWe sampled woody plant diversity in 138 plots before (2002–2003) and after (2017–2018) the 2011 Horseshoe Two Fire in three vegetation types and across fire severity and topographic gradients. We calculated gamma, alpha, and beta diversity and examined changes over time in burned versus unburned plots and the shapes of the relationships of diversity with fire severity and topography.ResultsAlpha species richness declined, and beta and gamma diversity increased in burned but not unburned plots. Fire‐induced enhancement of gamma diversity was confined to low fire severity plots. Alpha diversity did not exhibit a clear continuous relationship with fire severity. Beta diversity was enhanced by variation in fire severity among plots and increased with fire severity up to very high severity, where it declined slightly.Main ConclusionsThe results reject the intermediate disturbance hypothesis for alpha diversity but weakly support it for gamma diversity. Spatial variation in fire severity promoted variation among plant assemblages, supporting the pyrodiversity hypothesis. Long‐term drought probably amplified fire‐driven diversity changes. Despite the apparent benign impact of the fire on diversity, the replacement of two large conifer species with a suite of drought‐tolerant shrubs signals the potential loss of functional diversity, a pattern that may warrant restoration efforts to retain these important compositional elements.
Food availability, temperature, and day length drive seasonal variations in the positional behavior of white‐headed langurs in the limestone forests of Southwest Guangxi, China
Authors: Zheng Jingjin , Zhang Kechu , Liang Jipeng , Li Youbang , Huang Zhonghao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInformation on positional behavior contributes to the understanding of the ecological adaptation mechanisms in animals. We collected data on the positional behavior of white‐headed langurs (Trachypithecus leucocephalus) at the Guangxi Chongzuo White‐Headed Langur National Nature Reserve from September 2016 to August 2017 via instantaneous scan sampling method. This study aimed to examine the importance of positional behavior flexibility in limestone forests characterized by seasonal variations in climate and food resources. Our results indicated that langurs adopted leaping (47.92% ± 5.50%) and vertical climbing (40.13% ± 6.20%) as their predominant locomotor modes and sitting (83.08% ± 4.70%) as their predominant posture. Their positional behavior exhibited marked seasonal variations. More specifically, langurs used quadrupedal walking more frequently during the dry season than during the rainy months. In the stationary state, they sat more frequently during the dry season, whereas they laid and suspended more often during the rainy season. Their positional behavior was affected by fruit availability, day length, and temperature. Quadrupedal walking increased with the decrease in fruit availability, whereas leaping was positively correlated with fruit availability. Moreover, sitting was positively correlated with average temperature but negatively correlated with day length. Lying was also negatively correlated with temperature but positively correlated with day length. We conclude that white‐headed langurs adapt to limestone forests with positional behavior flexibility in response to seasonality. Our research provides evidence of the effects of food availability, ambient temperature, and day length on the positional behavior of white‐headed langurs, highlighting the need to understand their behavioral ecology and the influence of ecological factors on behavioral adaptation.
A review: Dielectrophoresis for characterizing and separating similar cell subpopulations based on bioelectric property changes due to disease progression and therapy assessment
Authors: Duncan Josie L. , Davalos Rafael V. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper reviews the use of dielectrophoresis for high‐fidelity separations and characterizations of subpopulations to highlight the recent advances in the electrokinetic field as well as provide insight into its progress toward commercialization. The role of cell subpopulations in heterogeneous clinical samples has been studied to deduce their role in disease progression and therapy resistance for instances such as cancer, tissue regeneration, and bacterial infection. Dielectrophoresis (DEP), a label‐free electrokinetic technique, has been used to characterize and separate target subpopulations from mixed samples to determine disease severity, cell stemness, and drug efficacy. Despite its high sensitivity to characterize similar or related cells based on their differing bioelectric signatures, DEP has been slowly adopted both commercially and clinically. This review addresses the use of dielectrophoresis for the identification of target cell subtypes in stem cells, cancer cells, blood cells, and bacterial cells dependent on cell state and therapy exposure and addresses commercialization efforts in light of its sensitivity and future perspectives of the technology, both commercially and academically.
Probabilistic estimation of inelastic displacement demands in soil–structure interaction systems on cohesive soils
Authors: Avcı Yaşar , Yazgan Ufuk 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInelastic displacement ratios (IDRs) of nonlinear soil–structure interaction (SSI) systems located at sites with cohesive soils are investigated in this study. To capture the effects of inelastic cyclic behavior of the supporting soil, the Beam on Nonlinear Winkler Foundation (BNWF) model is used. The superstructure is modeled using an inelastic single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) system model. Nonlinear SSI systems representing various combinations of unconfined compressive strengths and shear wave velocities are considered in the analysis. A set of strong ground motions recorded at sites with soft to stiff soils is used for considering the record‐to‐record variability of IDRs. It is observed that IDRs for nonlinear SSI systems are sensitive to the strength and the stiffness properties of both the soil and the structure. For the case of SSI systems on the top of cohesive soils, the compressive strength of the soil has a significant impact on the IDRs, which cannot be captured by considering only the shear wave velocity of the soil. Based on the results of nonlinear time‐history analysis, a new equation is proposed for estimating the mean and the dispersion of IDRs of SSI systems depending on the characteristic properties of the supporting soil, dimensions of the foundation, and properties of the superstructure. A probabilistic framework is presented for the performance‐based seismic design of SSI systems located at sites with cohesive soils.
Energy efficiency analysis of narrowband Internet of Things with auxiliary active cycles for small data transmission
Authors: Rastogi Eshita , Kumar Maheshwari Mukesh , Roy Abhishek , Saxena Navrati , Ryeol Shin Dong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNarrowband Internet of Things (NB‐IoT) is a cellular‐based technology standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) in Release‐13 with the primary focus to support low‐power, low‐data rate, and delay‐tolerant applications. The main contributions of this article are: (a) we describe the architecture of NB‐IoT and its evolution in further 3GPP Releases and (b) we develop a semi‐Markov based energy‐saving model for the NB‐IoT device. Different from the other existing approaches which focus on the optimization of power consumption of the NB‐IoT device, we propose the addition of a novel Auxiliary State to the conventional NB‐IoT Discontinuous Reception (DRX) mechanism. This state facilitates the reduction in energy consumption of the NB‐IoT device, especially in case of small data transmission. The performance of the proposed scheme is analyzed in terms of power saving factor and average delay experienced by the device for varying eDRX timer, PSM timer, DRX cycle duration, and DRX active duration values. The proposed model is also evaluated for different arrival rates of the data packets and thresholds on the number of data packets. In this study, we claim that the newly introduced Auxiliary State improves the power saving of the NB‐IoT user on the arrival of very small data packets. Numerical results show that the power saving factor increases up to and by varying the eDRX timer and PSM timer, respectively.
Large eddy simulation for improving smoke extraction efficiency by inverted V‐shaped baffle in the urban tunnel
Authors: Deng Hongjie , Sun Qianlong , He Peixiang , Tao Changfa , Liu Xiaoping , Cong Haiyong 
Published: October 2021

SummaryIn order to reduce the undesirable effect of boundary layer separation and plug‐holing in a naturally ventilated tunnel with shaft for smoke extraction, a new design of baffle has been proposed in this paper. Large eddy simulation (LES) was performed with fire dynamics simulator (FDS), the influence of the angle formed by the boards () and the distance between the baffle top and the shaft bottom () has been investigated. The simulation results show that the smoke extraction efficiency is not simply a monotonic function of the distance or the angle , the influence of and has been discussed, and the mechanism has been investigated. With proper configuration of the inverted V‐shaped baffle, the negative effect of plug‐holing can be eliminated, and the boundary layer separation can also be alleviated; the maximal smoke extraction efficiency is 2.04 times of that in the traditional shaft.
Lateral entorhinal cortex supports the development of prefrontal network activity that bridges temporally discontiguous stimuli
Authors: Yu Xiaotian (Tag) , Yu Jessica , Choi Allison , Takehara‐Nishiuchi Kaori 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) is an essential component of the brain circuitry supporting long‐term memory by serving as an interface between the hippocampus and neocortex. Dysfunction of the LEC affects sensory coding in the hippocampus, leading to a view that the LEC provides the hippocampus with highly processed sensory information. It remains unclear, however, how the LEC modulates neural processing in the neocortical regions. To address this point, we pharmacologically inactivated the LEC of male rats during a temporal associative learning task and examined its impact on local network activity in one of the LEC's efferent targets, the prelimbic region of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Rats were exposed to two neutral stimuli, one of which was paired with an aversive eyelid shock over a short temporal delay. The LEC inhibition reduced the expression of anticipatory blinking responses to the reinforced stimuli without increasing responses to nonreinforced stimuli. In control rats, both the reinforced and nonreinforced stimuli evoked a short‐lived, wide‐band increase in the prelimbic network activity. With learning, the initial increase of gamma‐band activity started to extend into the interval between the reinforced neutral stimulus and the eyelid shock. LEC inhibition attenuated the learning‐induced sustained activity, without affecting the initial transient activity. These results suggest that the integrity of LEC is necessary for the formation of temporal stimulus associations and its neural correlates in the mPFC. Given the minimal effects on the innate network responses to sensory stimuli, the LEC appears not to be the main source of sensory inputs to the mPFC; rather it may provide a framework that shapes the mPFC network response to behaviorally relevant cues.
TNF‐α increases the risk of bleeding in patients after CAR T‐cell therapy: A bleeding model based on a real‐world study of Chinese CAR T Working Party
Authors: Qi Jiaqian , Lv Xin , Chen Jia , Wang Hong , Chu Tiantian , Tang Yaqiong , Pan Tingting , Zhou Meng , Cai Chengsen , Ren Yuan , Liu Yuejun , Fan Yi , Shen Wenhong , Ma Xiao , Qiu Huiying , Tang Xiaowen , Fu Chengcheng , Wu Depei , Han Yue 
Published: October 2021

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy has shown excellent clinical efficacy in patients with hematologic malignancies. However, severe bleeding after this treatment is a life‐threatening complication for most patients. This study evaluated the risk factors associated with bleeding in CAR T treatment and developed a predictive model for this complication. Analysis performed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University and external validation launched in Suzhou Hongci Hematology Hospital (Jiangsu, China). We conducted a real‐world study incorporating data from 400 patients with hematologic malignancies treated with CAR T between 1 November 2015 and 1 September 2019. Also, 39 patients from another hospital were selected for external validation. Patients with severe bleeding (hazard ratio [HR] 13.04, 95% confidence interval 5.82–29.18; p < 0.001) had a higher risk of death after CAR T. Stage III and IV cytokine release syndrome (CRS) (odds ratio [OR] 6.07, 95% CI 2.35–16.76; p < 0.001) and higher tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) levels (OR 4.00, 95% CI 1.53–11.35; p < 0.001) were independent factors of bleeding in patients after CAR‐T treatment. The predictive model developed by Lasso regression, which selected factors such as CRS period, transfusion volume, platelet percentage, platelet count, thrombinogen time, interleukin 6, and TNF‐α levels, and showed Nomogram, yielded excellent agreement (C‐statistics = 0.905) with the calibration curve, which improved clinical benefit with respect to established bleeding scores such as outpatient bleeding risk index (MOBRI). External validation was performed using 39 patients from another hospital with an AUC of 0.700. Patients with severe bleeding after Car‐T therapy had increased the risk of death. A cross‐validated bleeding risk score based on CRS stages and TNF‐α level show significant prognostic value in patients undergoing CAR‐T treatment.
Point‐of‐care assessment of combined umbilical arterial and venous lactate: A potential screening test for neonatal acidosis
Authors: Torres Yordán Nora C. , Lewis Ayodele G. , McElrath Thomas F. , Tolan Nicole V. , Greenberg James A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the relationship between point‐of‐care (POC) measurement of combined umbilical arterial and venous (CUAV) lactate and umbilical artery (UA) lactate to determine whether POC assessment of this sample could be an alternative screening modality for neonatal acidosis and aid prediction of neonatal morbidity.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional pilot study, UA and CUAV cord blood samples were collected from live, singleton neonates delivered between June and August 2019, at a tertiary care center. UA samples were analyzed for pH and lactate using a blood gas analyzer. CUAV lactate was also assessed on a blood gas analyzer and at the POC. Linear regression was used to determine the correlation between these samples.ResultsA total of 152 neonates were included. There was a statistically significant correlation between CUAV lactate concentrations and UA lactate concentrations (R2 = 0.744). Additionally, CUAV lactate concentration measured at the POC was significantly correlated with that measured on a traditional blood gas analyzer (R2 = 0.928).ConclusionPOC testing of CUAV lactate is reliable and closely correlated with UA lactate concentrations, making POC testing of CUAV lactate a potential screening test for neonatal acidosis. More data are needed to establish standardization of this test relative to its predictive value in clinical neonatal outcomes.
Gene polymorphisms of insulin secretion signaling pathway associated with clopidogrel resistance in Han Chinese population
Authors: Zhong Jinyan , Yu Qinglin , Zheng Nan , Su Jia , Zheng Xiaowei , Zheng Liangrong , Chen Xiaomin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundDue to the loss of responsiveness to insulin, diabetes mellitus (DM) patients develop increased platelet reactivity and reduced response to antiplatelet agents. Nevertheless, the relationship between the single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the signal pathway gene of insulin secretion and the effect of clopidogrel is elusive.MethodsBlood samples were collected from patients administered with dual‐antiplatelet therapy (clopidogrel, 75 mg, once daily and aspirin, 100 mg, once daily) after 5 days and completed test within 4 h. The VerifyNow P2Y12 assay was used to measure the platelet functions, and the results were expressed as a P2Y12 reaction unit (PRU). Notably, the selected SNPs were analyzed to demonstrate the functionality of genetic variants.ResultsAnalysis of the study population showed that old age, lower plasma albumin (ALB) level, higher creatinine (CREA) level, higher uric acid (UA) level, lower platelet (PLT) count, and lower plateletcrit (PCT) potentially increased the risk of clopidogrel resistance. In a single‐nucleotide polymorphism rs6056209 of the PCLB1 gene, the AG genotype was a risk factor for clopidogrel resistance (p < 0.05, OR = 1.574). Similarly, the CC and AG genotype in GNAS rs7121 and CCKAR rs1800857 were protective factors (p < 0.05, OR = 0.094;p <0.05, OR = 0.491). TT was a protective factor in rs10814274 of the CREB3 gene (p < 0.05, OR = 0.444). In the RAPGEF4 gene polymorphism rs17746510, TG was the protective genotype, and the TT genotype was a risk factor for clopidogrel resistance. GCG rs5645 was confirmed; there was a relationship between genotypes containing A or G and clopidogrel resistance.ConclusionSingle‐nucleotide polymorphisms of insulin secretion signaling pathway genes trigger clopidogrel resistance.
Fast impedance prediction for power distribution network using deep learning
Authors: Zhang Ling , Juang Jack , Kiguradze Zurab , Pu Bo , Jin Shuai , Wu Songping , Yang Zhiping , Fan Jun , Hwang Chulsoon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractModeling and simulating a power distribution network (PDN) for printed circuit boards with irregular board shapes and multi‐layer stackup is computationally inefficient using full‐wave simulations. This paper presents a new concept of using deep learning for PDN impedance prediction. A boundary element method (BEM) is applied to efficiently calculate the impedance for arbitrary board shape and stackup. Then over one million boards with different shapes, stackup, integrated circuits (IC) location, and decap placement are randomly generated to train a deep neural network (DNN). The trained DNN can predict the impedance accurately for new board configurations that have not been used for training. The consumed time using the trained DNN is only 0.1 s, which is over 100 times faster than the BEM method and 10 000 times faster than full‐wave simulations.