bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Searching for creativity in the Portuguese preschool and basic education curricula
Authors: Valquaresma Andreia , Coimbra Joaquim Luís 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCreativity has become an essential curriculum competence, playing a pivotal role in the successful response to the ever‐changing demands of contemporary society. Yet, its complex, dynamic, and multifaceted nature seem conflicted with the predominant quantitative and easy‐to‐replicate curricular goals, resulting in potential incongruence between educational aims, pedagogical activities, and students' creativity development. Aiming to contribute to this debate, we designed a qualitative study, based on a documentary analysis of the Portuguese preschool and basic education‐intended curricula (legislation, legal norms, guidelines, programs, opinions, and recommendations). From an initial set of 194 documents, 20 complied with our selection criteria. Key findings underline the difficulties in outlining a clear and comprehensive definition of creativity as a distinctive dimension of psychological development, with consequences in how creativity‐focused pedagogical activities are applied within the classroom. Although recent educational reforms have attempted to overcome these limitations, they appear restricted to arts and sports subjects. Our results highlight the need to develop curricula anchored in an approach to creativity as a unique opportunity for psychological development. By intentionally promoting creativity in the curriculum, students' sense of agency, identity, self‐knowledge, and determination can be engaged, ultimately enhancing the underlying complexity of their socio‐cognitive emotional structures.
On Daphnia’s path: a semi‐automatic system to analyze three‐dimensional movement patterns
Authors: Langer Sina M. , Horstmann Martin , Weiss Linda C. , Junke Winfried , Herlitze Stefan , Tollrian Ralph 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAnalyzing movement is essential for understanding complex behavioral interactions. Up to date, there are different movement analysis methods. Previous studies working with 2D movement analysis systems provided first insights into this field. 2D systems can capture only two of three spatial dimensions and thus allow analyses of movements on surfaces. 3D systems include all three spatial dimensions. Thus, 3D movement analysis is essential for analyzing movements in air or in water. Especially during the last years, 3D movement analysis has progressed a lot thanks to technological advances. Unfortunately, these technological advanced systems are often very expensive and handling flexibility is limited. Therefore, we implemented a customizable 3D movement analysis system for aquatic organisms. The system is composed of an experimental arena, backgrounds with different contrasts, three visible light diode spots, one infrared diode spot for analysis in the dark, and two Raspberry Pi 3 Model B V 1.2 equipped with cameras without infrared filters. We assembled a user‐friendly system that is controlled directly via a graphical user interface (GUI). It not only delivers raw data but also runs detailed analyses of common behavioral parameters. The accuracy of those analyses can be enhanced by the integrated manual error‐correction method that allows to interrupt the automatic track analysis and to correct detection errors by hand. In our case study, we show the spectrum of opportunities of the system by determining the swimming behavior of the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna. We successfully recorded its swimming behavior under visible light and infrared light (simulating darkness for the daphniids) conditions and analyzed swimming velocity, motion patterns, depth selection, and tendency of clustering. In our case study, we show that using the integrated manual error‐correction method leads to a clear accuracy improvement. Our movement analysis system is not restricted to aquaria but can be adopted to movements in cages and even open areas of different sizes both in water or air, which emphasizes its potential. Together with a user manual, the open‐source MATLAB algorithm and the recommended hardware components, the here presented system enables semi‐automatic 3D movement analysis, which can be adapted to the individual needs.
Electrophoresis simulations using Chebyshev pseudo‐spectral method on a moving mesh
Authors: Bahga Supreet Singh , Gupta Prateek 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe present the implementation and demonstration of the Chebyshev pseudo‐spectral method coupled with an adaptive mesh method for performing fast and highly accurate electrophoresis simulations. The Chebyshev pseudo‐spectral method offers higher numerical accuracy than all other finite difference methods and is applicable for simulating all electrophoresis techniques in channels with open or closed boundaries. To improve the computational efficiency, we use a novel moving mesh scheme that clusters the grid points in the regions with poor numerical resolution. We demonstrate the application of the Chebyshev pseudo‐spectral method on a moving mesh for simulating nonlinear electrophoretic processes through examples of isotachophoresis (ITP), isoelectric focusing (IEF), and electromigration‐dispersion in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) at current densities as high as 1000 A/m. We also show the efficacy of our moving mesh method over existing methods that cluster the grid points in the regions with large concentration gradients. We have integrated the adaptive Chebyshev pseudo‐spectral method in the open‐source SPYCE simulator and verified its implementation with other electrophoresis simulators.
Methylene blue photodegradation using as‐synthesized CeO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Saadoon Sarah Jaafar , Jarosova Marketa , Machek Pavel , Kadhim Mustafa M. , Ali Muneam Hussein , Khalaji Aliakbar Dehno 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles via solution combustion technique using Ce(NO3)3 as an oxidizer and benzoic acid as fuel were prepared at two different temperatures (500 and 600°C). The as‐synthesized CeO2 nanoparticles were characterized using FT‐IR, PL, BET, XRD, VSM, and TEM techniques. The results of FT‐IR and XRD techniques show that cerium oxide nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized. The absence of other peaks in the XRD pattern indicates that there are no impurities in these compounds. TEM images also confirm the synthesis of nanoparticles smaller than 20 nm. VSM results of CeO2 nanoparticles show weak ferromagnetic properties. Furthermore, the as‐synthesized CeO2 nanoparticles were used for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB). The effect of various parameters such as irradiation time, amount of catalyst dosage, initial MB concentration, and solution pH was investigated. The results show that the best conditions for photocatalytic removal are pH solution of 10, 0.02 g of catalyst dose, initial MB concentration of 40 ppm, and UV irradiation time of 90 min. Therefore, the as‐synthesized CeO2 nanoparticles have a good performance as a catalyst and can be used for other organic dyes.
Financial constraints and the impact of corruption on employment growth
Authors: Amin Mohammad , Soh Yew Chong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCorruption can impose a significant financial burden on firms. Such burden is magnified when firms are financially constrained. The paper applies this idea to the impact of corruption on employment growth. Using firm‐level survey data for 85 countries, we find that corruption hurts more when firms are financially constrained than when they are not. Baseline estimate suggests that a one percentage point increase in overall corruption lowers growth rate of employment by 0.45 percentage points for financially constrained firms but only by 0.08 percentage points for financially unconstrained firms. The result passes several robustness checks.
Added benefit of L‐PRF to autogenous bone grafts in the treatment of degree II furcation involvement in mandibular molars
Authors: Serroni Matteo , Paolantonio Michele , Romano Luigi , Santamaria Pasquale , Rexhepi Imena , Sinjari Bruna , Paolantonio Giulia , Secondi Lorenzo , De Ninis Paolo , Femminella Beatrice 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundTissue regeneration within the periodontally involved furcation area is one of the most challenging aspects of periodontal surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the additional benefit of leukocyte and platelet‐rich fibrin (L‐PRF) to autogenous bone grafts (ABGs) in the treatment of mandibular molar degree II furcation involvement, comparing the clinical outcomes with those from open flap debridement (OFD)+ABG and OFD alone treatments.MethodsFifty‐four patients, exhibiting one buccal or lingual mandibular molar furcation defect, were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: OFD+ABG+L‐PRF (n = 18); OFD+ABG (n = 18); and OFD (n = 18). Clinical (probing depth [PD], horizontal clinical attachment level [HCAL], vertical clinical attachment level [VCAL], gingival recession [GR]) and radiographic (vertical bone level [VBL]) parameters were evaluated at baseline and 6 months after treatment. HCAL change was the primary outcome.ResultsNo significant differences within each group were reported for GR changes, but statistically significant improvements in HCAL, VCAL, PD, and VBL were observed in all groups, except for VBL in the OFD group. At 6 months, the mean HCAL gain was 2.29 ± 0.18 mm in the OFD+ABG+L‐PRF group, which was significantly greater than that in the OFD+ABG (1.61 ± 0.18 mm) and OFD (0.86 ± 0.18 mm) groups. Both OFD+ABG+L‐PRF and OFD+ABG therapies produced a significantly greater clinical and radiographic improvement than OFD.ConclusionThe addition of L‐PRF to ABG produces a significantly greater HCAL gain and PD reduction as compared with OFD+ABG treatment in mandibular degree II furcation involvements.
Variability, shift‐specific workloads and rationed care predictors of work satisfaction among Registered nurses providing acute care: A longitudinal study
Authors: Abed Al Ahad Mary , Elbejjani Martine , Simon Michael , Ausserhofer Dietmar , Abu‐Saad Huijer Huda , Dhaini Suzanne R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to explore nurses’ shift‐work satisfaction variability across time and its shift‐specific predictors: perceived workload, patient‐to‐nurse ratio and rationing of nursing care.DesignLongitudinal study of 90 Registered nurses (N = 1,303 responses) in a Lebanese hospital over 91 days of data collection.MethodsIntraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were computed to determine shift‐work satisfaction variability between individual nurses and working‐unit clusters. Generalized linear mixed models were used to explore the workloads and rationed care predictors of nurses’ shift‐work satisfaction separately for day and night shifts.ResultsVariability in shift‐work satisfaction was noted between individual nurses in day (ICC = 0.43) and night shifts (ICC = 0.37), but not between medical/surgical units. Nurses satisfied with their shift‐specific work were less probably to ration necessary nursing care (OR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.60–0.77) in day shifts and to perceive high workload demands in both, day (OR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.23–0.37) and night (OR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.18–0.47) shifts. Monitoring and lowering workload demands while observing rationing of care is necessary to improve nurses’ shift‐work satisfaction.
Barriers to efficient management of in‐home care: A qualitative content analysis
Authors: Sabetsarvestani Parisa , Mohammadi Fateme , Tehranineshat Banafsheh , Bijani Mostafa , Fereidouni Zhila 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimInefficient management is one of the major barriers to development of in‐home care in the society. Accordingly, the present study aims to identify the barriers to efficient management of home care nursing using a qualitative approach.DesignThe present study is a qualitative‐descriptive work of research.MethodData were collected using semi‐structured, in‐depth, individual interviews with 19 nurses from November 2020 to May 2021. The collected data were analysed using Graneheim and Lundman's method.ResultsThe findings of the study were categorized into four main themes, namely lack of effective standards, ineffective interactions, inappropriate cultural/social context and professional issues, and 15 subthemes.ConclusionIn‐home care nurses in Iran experience various problems in their practice. Creating an appropriate cultural/social context in Iranian societies, providing the necessary infrastructure, including insurance, providing comprehensive, clear guidelines for in‐home care, encouraging teamwork and organizing workshops to promote effective interactions between the personnel and patients can improve the quality of in‐home care nursing.
Soft touch between a highly flexible bio‐inspired tactile sensor and 3D objects
Authors: Merker Lukas , Behn Carsten , Zimmermann Klaus 
Published: December 2021

AbstractScanning and reconstructing the environment using tactile sensors alongside optical sensors is a promising approach in mobile robotics. Within the present paper, we take advantage of a recently presented vibrissa‐inspired tactile sensor concept for 3D object scanning and reconstruction, broadening our previous studies. The sensor consists of a slender, cylindrical, highly flexible probe, one‐sided clamped to some force‐torque measuring device. The probe is shifted relatively to an object of interest by displacing its clamping position quasi‐statically. Consequently, the probe gets bent, sweeps over the object and transmits mechanical signals (observables) to its support. The focus of the present investigation is on how the probe sweeps over a new type of object (paraboloid), verifying a necessary condition for optional contact points. Finally, this condition allows to find multiple equilibrium states for a single clamping position.
An energy‐momentum scheme for extended continuum models with rotational degrees of freedom
Authors: Groß Michael , Dietzsch Julian , Kalaimani Iniyan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn mechanical engineering, the finite element method is well‐known in the simulation of homogeneous materials without microstructures. But, in particular, microstructures can improve materials with respect to their applicability in engineering. Examples are 2D‐ and 3D‐fiber‐reinforced materials, which are manufactured in the microscale or mesoscale, respectively. An efficient finite element simulation of these materials provides an anisotropic continuum formulation. However, 3D‐fiber‐reinforced materials demand continua with extended kinematics. The introduction of such extended continua is possible by mixed finite element methods. In this paper, we introduce internal rotational degrees of freedom to model also a stiffness with respect to fiber flexure and twist. The kinematic formulation can be explained by using a covariant continuum formulation based on curvilinear convected coordinates. In this context, new objective deformation measures and power‐conjugate stress tensors are derived. Therefore, a corresponding energy‐momentum scheme is obtained and simulates numerical examples stable and efficient in accordance with discrete balance laws. These examples demonstrate the additional material stiffness with fiber curvature‐twist strain energy functions of Kauderer‐type by parameter studies with respect to different fiber directions.
Optimal Rank‐1 Hankel Approximation in the Spectral Norm for Matrices with Multiple Largest Eigenvalue
Authors: Knirsch Hanna 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe extend a result from [2, 3] on the optimal rank‐1 Hankel approximation of real symmetric matrices with isolated largest eigenvalue to the case where the largest eigenvalue is not isolated. To illustrate our findings, we give an example where the optimal rank‐1 Hankel approximation is easily obtained and one where it does not exist.
Stress analysis of a circular hole in an orthotropic plate with finite width using complex potential method
Authors: Nguyen-Hoang Minh , Becker Wilfried 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOpen holes are essential design features in technical structures. However, stress concentrations arise and for a safe and lightweight optimal design, precise stress analysis means are crucial. Scope of this paper is the stress field determination of an open hole in an orthotropic rectangular plate of finite width using complex potential method. To derive results of high precision, the stress boundary conditions at the straight edges as well as along the hole boundary need to be fulfilled. In doing so, the stress field of the corresponding infinite‐dimensions problem is supplemented with auxiliary functions, which are based on a novel periodic arrangement technique and enable to take into account the stress‐free straight edges of the finite‐domain problem.
Parameter identification aspects of tribological systems containing hard particles
Authors: Bilz Raphael , Sridhar Praveen , de Payrebrune Kristin M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTribological systems are often characterized based on time‐averaged quantities such as wear rates, friction coefficients and material properties. It is well known that some tribological metrics show variations depending on the laboratory conducting the study and the reproduction method selected. Perhaps the key to overcome this problem is to avoid a strong compression of the information generated. In this context, the arising forces and the coefficient of friction in three‐body wear systems are investigated in more detail. The mean value of a time series of these physical quantities is only a single property and by no means an exhaustive description. A more detailed consideration of the variances could be a necessary condition to allow an appropriate comparison of tribological parameters and a correct interpretation of the properties of tribological systems. For this purpose, we examine two very simple tribological systems exemplarily and take a closer look at the properties of some characteristic process quantities.
A robust hybrid‐element family for strongly compressed hyperelastic materials
Authors: Schneider Patrick , Schönherr Josef Arthur , Mittelstedt Christian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTechnical elastomers are usually quasi‐incompressible. For simulations they are, therefore, often modeled as ideal incompressible hyperelastic materials, or a linear relation between the hydrostatic pressure and the (volumetric) dilation is assumed, i.e., a linear compression model with constant bulk modulus is used. However, for strongly compressed structural components, like sealings or damper elements, a nonlinear compression model might be required as well, in order to achieve accurate results.In general, the numerical ill‐posedness of irreducible (purely displacement‐based) finite element formulations for quasi‐incompressible materials demands for a hybrid/mixed finite element implementation. State of the art hybrid/mixed‐elements still suffer from numerical stability issues that can be greatly amplified by the usage of nonlinear compression models.In the talk, a robust hybrid‐element family is introduced that can readily be used in combination with any isotropic, invariant‐based hyperelastic material model. The mesh convergence behavior and the numerical stability of the new element family are assessed by benchmark testing and compared to classical Simo‐Taylor‐Pister (STP) elements as well as the hybrid‐element family (C3D8H, C3D20H, C3D10H) implemented in the commercial finite element code Abaqus Standard, Simulia (Dassault Systèmes). The presented finite element family is free of volumetric locking and more robust than STP or Abaqus hybrid‐elements, especially in combination with strongly nonlinear compression models.
Intermittent chaotic flows in the weakly magnetised spherical Couette system
Authors: Garcia Ferran , Seilmayer Martin , Giesecke André , Stefani Frank 
Published: December 2021

AbstractExperiments on the magnetised spherical Couette system are presently being carried out at Helmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf (HZDR). A liquid metal (GaInSn) is confined within two differentially rotating spheres and exposed to a magnetic field parallel to the axis of rotation. Intermittent chaotic flows, corresponding to the radial jet instability, are described. The relation of these chaotic flows with unstable regular (periodic and quasiperiodic) solutions obtained at the same range of parameters is investigated.
An embedded domain method for non‐linear structural membranes
Authors: Fries Thomas-Peter , Schöllhammer Daniel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAn embedded domain method for structural membranes in large displacement theory is outlined. The membrane is immersed in a three‐dimensional background mesh with level‐set data at the nodes. The mechanical model for the implicitly defined membrane is formulated using the Tangential Differential Calculus (TDC). The embedded domain method has to properly consider the numerical integration and boundary conditions within the background elements cut by the membrane. Furthermore, stabilization is required to address linear dependencies and conditioning issues.
Structural design of additively manufactured porous Zr‐based bulk metallic glass
Authors: Shi Jianye , Ma Songyun , Markert Bernd 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRecently, designing light‐weight BMGs with high‐strength has attracted much attention. Additive manufacturing (3D‐printing) using selective laser melting (SLM) enables the production of porous bulk metallic glasses (BMGs), which is difficult to achieve by applying traditional manufacturing techniques. In this study, different porous structural prototypes of 3D‐printed Zr‐based BMGs are comparatively studied. Main focus is put on the strength optimization by varying pore arrangement and pore morphology. A constitutive model based on Mohr‐Coulomb theory with multi‐slips system is applied to describe the shear banding behaviors of 3D‐printed amorphous BMGs.
Constitutive modeling of viscoplasticity including phase transformations for graded thermo‐mechanical processing
Authors: Westermann Hendrik , Reitz Alexander , Mahnken Rolf , Grydin Olexandr , Schaper Mirko 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTailored materials are of particular interest in modern engineering applications due to their potentially high strength and residual ductility. During hot forming processes, such as press hardening, microstructure transformations in low carbon steels are considered to achieve the production of tailored components. The relevant microstructure mechanisms during thermo‐mechanical processing are visco‐plastic deformation and phase transformations. Thus, we present an extension to an existing thermodynamically consistent continuum mechanical model. The evolution of phase transformations under inhomogeneous temperature loading in a homogeneous tensile specimen are illustrated.
Back Calculation of Internal Forces of Concrete Skyscrapers by means of In Situ Monitoring
Authors: Müllner Herbert W. , Wallisch Wolfgang , Kremnitzer Peter 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe static design of skyscrapers is mostly based on Finite Element calculations of the supporting structure whereas 3d calculations are required to consider the influence of horizontal forces such as wind loads and earthquake, respectively. In addition 2d calculations are performed to determine unfavorable internal force variables of carrying elements such as columns and walls, respectively. Nevertheless the comparison of these calculations of the same building shows differences up to 100 percent depending on the height of the building. To minimize these differences a research project in cooperation with Vienna University of Technology has started.