bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De ruimtelijke ordening en de gemeentelijke fusie
Authors: Lagrou Evert 
Published: July 2021

During the amalgamation period, important changes occurred in landuse planning primarily under the impetus of regional formation. The position of the municipalities has not been strengthened. In the historical monument policy, the gap between the national and the municipal level is particularly large. This is also the case for housing policy, but the gap is generally not felt to be encumbering by the municipal authorities. After the amalgamation and the «politisation» of the municipal council parties, most of the municipal administrators have, in a very pragmatic way, received a direct line to the national land-use planning via party clientism. This appears to be much more efficient than the formal procedures of the urban construction law, the historica monument law, and other provisions. However, this does have the consequence that the people of the amalgamated municipalities feel little involvement in the land-usepolicy. Some municipalities have tried to break through on this by the launching of a structure plan.The political orientations of the designers and other land-use planning experts and the sometimes anti-political attitude of large groups of the population are not alien to the aforementioned pragmatism. All this, however, complicates the impact on land-use organisation by the local communities, which are still administratively powerful after the amalgamation.
Sweden, the crown of the state
Authors: Larsson Torbjörn 
Published: July 2021

Tbe role of Swedish royal family has been reduced to an almost exclusively ceremonial one during the 20th century, and this reduction of functions has possibly been carried out further in Sweden than in any other monarchy - with the exception of Japan. The Swedish King is for example no longer responsible even pro forma for the formation of the Government, but it took a long time before he was thus stripped of all his power.By the mid-1800s his influence on the economy had been greatly diminished, and by 1905 (when the union with Norway was dissolved) bis influence on foreign policy had also vanished. Tbe last time a Swedish King ex erts any real power is in 1914, when he insisted on choosing bis own advisors. In reality he only managed to substitute a government he disliked for one which he liked better (even if it wasn't his first choice). But after 1917, when the King is forced to accept a government which included Social Democrats, his influence is reduced to virtually nothing. Officially, however, the King is not reduced to figure-head until 1974, when the new Swedish constitution was passed. Tbe new constitution stated, after a great deal of negociating between the Social Democrats and the nonsocialist parties, that Sweden should remain a monarchy hut the Head of State should only have a ceremonial role. Apparently no one in the royal f amily had any serious objections to this new order and they didn 't try to stop it. Power and influence is not, however, only related to the laws of a country. The King and the whole royal family still exert a good deal of influence over the Swedish people by setting an example. The image the royal family wants to project is that of traditional conservative values ; they are all in f a vor of a strong defence, church going and f amily life. The present King has given bis opinion on a few occasions on rather controversial issues - whether this has been part of a strategy or simply a mistake is impossible to say. All in all the present royal family seems to be quite satisfied with their position as figure-head on the Swedish barge, which, according to the public opinion polls, the Swedish people consider to be a very fitting role for a modern monarch.
Xilotecnia de la madera de Schinus molle L. de una plantación forestal comercial en Hidalgo, México
Authors: Olvera-Licona Guadalupe , Machuca Roberto , Borja Amparo , Corona Alejandro , Zaragoza Idalia , Arreola Jesús Guadalupe , Jiménez Javier 
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar las características anatómicas, las propiedades físicas, así como estimar las propiedades mecánicas, de la madera de cuatro árboles de Schinus molle L. (pirú) provenientes de una plantación forestal comercial en Tolcayuca, Hidalgo, México. El estudio se realizó en el Laboratorio de Anatomía y Tecnología de la Madera de la División de Ciencias Forestales de la Universidad Autónoma Chapingo. Como resultado se obtuvo que el color de la madera en la albura es rosado, en el duramen es de color café. La madera no tiene olor y sabor característicos, es de brillo medio, veteado pronunciado, hilo inclinado y textura media. La porosidad es semidifusa y el parénquima axial difuso y escaso. Los radios son uniseriados, biseriados y triseriados. Los vasos son cortos, muy abundantes, las fibras son medianas y finas. Se obtuvo una densidad básica de 0.54 y poder calorífico de 17.246 MJ kg-1 La dureza lateral y en extremos (longitudinal) en condición verde se clasificó como media y baja respectivamente, a 12% de contenido de humedad, se clasificó como media y alta respectivamente; la madera de pirú se clasificó como muy buena para pulpa y papel. La contracción volumétrica total se clasificó como media, la contracción tangencial total: muy alta y la contracción radial total: alta. La relación de anisotropía se clasificó como alta. El punto de saturación de la fibra se describió normal. Por sus características y propiedades de la madera se puede utilizar en la fabricación de muebles, mangos de herramientas y pisos.
Dynamics of the prevalence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in the European part of the Russian Federation
Authors: Badin Yu. V. , Polyakov D. S. , Fomin I. V. 
Published: July 2021

Objective: to estimate the prevalence in the dynamic of physical inactivity, overweight and obesity, smoking and alcohol abuse in a representative sample of the European part of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods: the population of eight subjects of the European part of Russia was randomized in 2002. The resulting sample was examined by local doctors. The resulting sample included 19,503 respondents who were examined by local doctors in 2002 and 2017. Results: from 2002 to 2017 the prevalence of smoking has decreased from 23,1 to 20,5% (р < 0,001) (47,9 – 42,6% (р < 0,001) among men and 4,8 – 4,5% (р = 0,323 among women)). The smoking index among men has decreased from 18,8 to 17,8 (р = 0,024) and from women increased from 7,7 to 10,6, р < 0,001. The prevalence of alcohol abuse has decreased from 32,2 to 22,3% (р < 0,001) (51,6 – 39,0% (р < 0,001) among men and 17,4 – 10,1% (р < 0,001) among women). Average dose of ethanol, among drinkers has changed from 84,0 ± 94,4 ml to 75,4 ± 75,5 ml (р < 0,001) (120,6 ± 111,9 – 97,7 ± 85,2 (р < 0,001) among men and 44,7 ± 45,3 – 46,0 ± 46,3 (р < 0,001) among women). Percentage of respondents who are overweight or obese has increased from 46,9 to 60,0% (р < 0,001) (41,6 – 58,2% (р < 0,001) among men and 50,9 – 31,3% (р < 0,001) among women). Although the prevalence of inactivity has decreased from 83,2 to 81,0% (р < 0,001) (79,8 – 78,4% р = 0,045 among men and 85,7 – 83,0% (р < 0,001) among women), the proportion of people without physical activity has increased from 71,5 to 74,0% (р < 0,001), because the proportion of people with low physical activity has decreased. Conclusion: the prevalence of bad habits in Russia is decreasing, but the proportion of people who have inactivity, overweight and obesity is increasing. These facts will not significantly reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in Russsia, and require optimization of population prevention programs that will reduce the prevalence of inactivity, overweight and obesity in society.
Analysis of survival and risk factors in recipients with coronary artery disease of a heart transplant
Authors: Stavenchuk T. V. , Kosmachova E. D. , Shelestova I. A. , Barbuhatty K. O. , Kolodina M. V. , Porhanov V. A. 
Published: July 2021

Objective: to conduct a comparative analysis of survival rate and development of heart transplant coronary artery disease risk factors during early and late post-transplantation periods. Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of 58 patients with was conducted in S.V. Ochapovsky Region Clinical Hospital № 1, Krasnodar. Inclusion criteria were patients with vasculopathy; group № 1 — recipients with heart transplant coronary artery disease up until 3 years after heart transplantation; group № 1 — recipients with heart transplant coronary artery desease 3 years after heart transplantation. Endomyocardial biopsy, coronary angiography and immunological examination were used for monitoring heart recipients. Results: survival rate in group № 1 — 51,9%; in group № 2 — 64,5%. During studying the influence of age category on survival rate it was discovered that belonging to the age category influences on the survival rate in group № 1, p – 0,023. Death risk in group №1 is 1,7 (0,59 – 4,85) times higher in comparison with group № 2. When combined heart transplant coronary artery desease with cellular and humoral rejection in group №1 death risk is reliably 2,75 (1,58 – 4,78) times higher (p = 0,010). The frequency of heart transplant coronary artery desease recurrence does not have a meaningful impact on the survival rate of the recipients with heart transplant coronary artery desease n both groups. One of the meaningful risk factors in two groups, which affects heart transplant coronary artery desease development is cytomegalovirus infection. Cellular rejection is also a fact which influences lethal outcome.
Carotid total plaque area as a marker of asymptomatic lower extremity arterial disease
Authors: Genkel V. V. , Shaposhnik I. I. , Lebedev E. V. , Salashenko A. O. 
Published: July 2021

Objective: to examine the prognostic value of ultrasound markers of carotid atherosclerosis in relation to the presence of asymptomatic lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). Materials and Methods: the study included 193 patients with carotid atherosclerosis. All patients underwent duplex ultrasound scanning (DUS) of carotid and lower limb arteries. The carotid plaque score (cPS) was determined as the total height of all plaques in the carotid arteries. The carotid total plaque area (cTPA) was estimated in the longitudinal position, the area of plaque was measured in the manual trace mode.Results: asymptomatic lower extremity PAD was diagnosed in 31.6% of patients. The increase in cTPA, in contrast to cPS and the degree of carotid stenosis, was independent predictor of lower extremity PAD and was associated with an increase in the relative risk of its presence by 6.78 times (95% CI 2.48-18.5; p <0.0001). cTPA ≥42.5 mm2 made it possible to diagnose asymptomatic lower extremity PAD with a sensitivity of 70.2% and specificity of 73.0%. Conclusion: In patients with carotid atherosclerosis among carotid atherosclerosis markers only cTPA, in contrast to cPS and the degree of carotid stenosis, had an independent predictive value regarding the presence of asymptomatic lower extremity PAD.
Determining the Evolution of Headache Among Regular Users of a Daily Electronic Diary via a Smartphone App: Observational Study
Authors: Raffaelli Bianca , Mecklenburg Jasper , Overeem Lucas Hendrik , Scholler Simon , Dahlem Markus A , Kurth Tobias , Oliveira Gonçalves Ana Sofia , Reuter Uwe , Neeb Lars 
Published: July 2021

Background
Smartphone-based apps represent a major development in health care management. Specifically in headache care, the use of electronic headache diaries via apps has become increasingly popular. In contrast to the soaring volume of available data, scientific use of these data resources is sparse.

Objective
In this analysis, we aimed to assess changes in headache and migraine frequency, headache and migraine intensity, and use of acute medication among people who showed daily use of the headache diary as implemented in the freely available basic version of the German commercial app, M-sense.

Methods
The basic version of M-sense comprises an electronic headache diary, documentation of lifestyle factors with a possible impact on headaches, and evaluation of headache patterns. This analysis included all M-sense users who had entered data into the app on a daily basis for at least 7 months.

Results
We analyzed data from 1545 users. Mean MHD decreased from 9.42 (SD 5.81) at baseline to 6.39 (SD 5.09) after 6 months (P<.001; 95% CI 2.80-3.25). MMD, AMD, and migraine intensity were also significantly reduced. Similar results were found in 985 users with episodic migraine and in 126 users with chronic migraine.

Conclusions
Among regular users of an electronic headache diary, headache and migraine frequency, in addition to other headache characteristics, improved over time. The use of an electronic headache diary may support standard headache care.
Social Networking Site Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Associations With Social and Emotional Well-being in College Students: Survey Study
Authors: Tuck Alison B , Thompson Renee J 
Published: July 2021

Background
Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic has reduced the frequency of in-person social interactions. College students were highly impacted, since many universities transferred curriculum from in-person to entirely online formats, physically separating students with little notice. With social distancing, their use of social networking sites (SNSs) likely changed during the COVID-19 pandemic, possibly holding implications for well-being.

Objective
This study aimed to determine (1) how components of SNS use (ie, weekly frequency, time per day, habitual use, engagement, enjoyment, addiction, and emotional impact) changed from before to during COVID-19, (2) how these changes in SNS use were associated with pandemic-related social and emotional well-being, and (3) how SNS use and changes in use during the pandemic were associated with loneliness.

Methods
College students (N=176) were surveyed during the time when their university campus in the United States was operating online. Participants completed the same SNS use questionnaires twice, once with regard to the month preceding the onset of COVID-19 and again with regard to the month since this time. They also reported the extent to which they experienced perceived change in social support resulting from the pandemic, pandemic-related stress, and general loneliness.

Results
After the onset of COVID-19, participants showed an increase in daily time spent on SNSs (t169=5.53, d=0.42, P<.001), habitual use (t173=3.60, d=0.27, P<.001), and addiction (t173=4.96, d=0.38, P<.001); further, enjoyment on SNSs decreased (t173=–2.10, d=–0.16, P=.04) and the emotional impact of SNS activities became more negative (t172=–3.76, d=–0.29, P<.001). Increased perceived social support during COVID-19 was associated with changes in frequency of SNS use, time per day, addiction, and engagement (r>0.18 for all). Pandemic-related stress was associated with changes in SNS addiction and the extent to which one’s SNS content was related to the pandemic (r>0.20 for all). Loneliness was positively associated with SNS addiction (r=0.26) and negatively associated with SNS engagement (r=–0.19) during the pandemic. Loneliness was also negatively associated with changes in habit and engagement (r<–0.15 for all).

Conclusions
Findings suggest that components of SNS use are associated with both positive and negative pandemic-related social outcomes, but largely negative pandemic-related emotional outcomes. Further, some components of SNS use are positively associated with loneliness (eg, addiction) while others show a negative association (eg, engagement). These findings provide a more nuanced picture of how SNS use is associated with social and emotional well-being during the time of a global health crisis when in-person interactions are scarce.
Selecting a Subset Based on the Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events for Patient-Reported Symptom Monitoring in Lung Cancer Treatment: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Veldhuijzen Evalien , Walraven Iris , Belderbos José 
Published: July 2021

Background
The Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) item library covers a wide range of symptoms relevant to oncology care. There is a need to select a subset of items relevant to specific patient populations to enable the implementation of PRO-CTCAE–based symptom monitoring in clinical practice.

Objective
The aim of this study is to develop a PRO-CTCAE–based subset relevant to patients with lung cancer that can be used for monitoring during multidisciplinary clinical practice.

Methods
The PRO-CTCAE–based subset for patients with lung cancer was generated using a mixed methods approach based on the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer guidelines for developing questionnaires, comprising a literature review and semistructured interviews with both patients with lung cancer and health care practitioners (HCPs). Both patients and HCPs were queried on the relevance and impact of all PRO-CTCAE items. The results were summarized, and after a final round of expert review, a selection of clinically relevant items for patients with lung cancer was made.

Results
A heterogeneous group of patients with lung cancer (n=25) from different treatment modalities and HCPs (n=22) participated in the study. A final list of eight relevant PRO-CTCAE items was created: decreased appetite, cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, constipation, nausea, sadness, and pain (general).

Conclusions
On the basis of the literature and both professional and patient input, a subset of PRO-CTCAE items has been identified for use in patients with lung cancer in clinical practice. Future work is needed to confirm the validity and effectiveness of this PRO-CTCAE–based lung cancer subset internationally and in real-world clinical practice settings.
Using UK Biobank for sexual minority health research
Authors: Saunders Catherine L , Massou Efthalia 
Published: July 2021

Aim:
Despite poorer health and healthcare outcomes experienced by lesbian, gay and bisexual adults, data for research to characterize and address these disparities remain limited.
Patients & methods:
We describe sexual history information from 502,543 UK Biobank participants recruited between 2006 and 2010, as sexual identity was not collected from the cohort at baseline, and compare this with sexual history and sexual identity responses to the third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (NATSAL-3), collected between 2010 and 2012.
Results:
After exclusions, 700 (0.3%) women and 2112 (1.2%) men in UK Biobank reported a history of exclusively same-sex sex and 5162 (2.3%) women and 4275 (2.3%) men reported a history of sex with both women and men; estimates were consistent with, although slightly lower those from NATSAL-3.
Conclusion:
UK Biobank is an important resource for sexual minority health research.
Burnout, empatía y grados de exposición al COVID-19 en empleados dominicanos
Authors: De los Santos Mateo Carlina , Vasquez Karla Patricia , Fernández Morales Michelle Dennise , Henríquez Cross Analía 
Published: July 2021

Existen estudios que relacionan Burnout y Empatía, sin embargo, no contemplan variables sociodemográficas externas como las incluidas en esta investigación; tampoco se han analizado con respecto a Grados de Exposición al COVID-19. El objetivo principal de este estudio es identificar si existe una relación entre Grados de Exposición al COVID-19, Burnout, Empatía Cognitiva y Empatía Afectiva. En esta investigación participaron 120 personas, elegidas a través de un muestreo no probabilístico de tipo intencional y voluntario. Para medir el Burnout se utilizó el Screening Inventory (BSI: Dávila y Nevado, 2016), mientras que la Empatía fue evaluada a través del Empathy Quotient (EQ: Redondo y Herrero-Fernández, 2018). Grados de Exposición al COVID-19 se midió con una subescala de un instrumento desarrollado por Herbas (2020) que mide factores que inciden en la adopción de comportamientos que reducen el contagio del virus. Los resultados no muestran correlaciones entre el Burnout con los ingresos económicos o ambos tipos de Empatía. No obstante, existen correlaciones positivas y significativas entre Empatía Afectiva y Grados de Exposición al COVID-19 en profesionales de la salud (r = .66, p< .05), entre Empatía Cognitiva y Empatía Afectiva (r = .46, p < .01) y entre ingresos económicos y Grados de Exposición al COVID-19 (r = .20, p <.05). Por último, el estudio señala la necesidad de evaluar el Burnout, durante la pandemia COVID-19, para mitigar sus efectos negativos sobre poblaciones como los profesionales de la salud.
Impacto de las medidas administrativas ante el COVID-19, en las dinámicas socioculturales en Cuetzalan del Progreso, Puebla
Authors: Arias-Hernández Jazmín , Reyes Pérez Oscar 
Published: July 2021

La pandemia causada por el COVID-19 ha llevado a tomar diversas medidas que puedan reducir la probabilidad de contagio; sin embargo, e independientemente de su efectividad, se han visto afectados varios sectores sociales y económicos, como el turístico. Esto ha sido particularmente complicado en poblaciones cuya principal actividad económica es el turismo.
Este artículo pretende develar las implicaciones que han tenido las restricciones al turismo en un “pueblo mágico” de México, cuya población es principalmente originaria (masewal) y presenta altos niveles de marginación socioeconómica. A través de una metodología etnográfica basada en entrevistas no estructuradas, observación participante y observación natural, se evaluó la eficiencia e impacto de las decisiones tomadas por el ayuntamiento municipal para evitar los contagios por COVID-19 en Cuetzalan del Progreso.
Los resultados muestran que las medidas no se cumplieron completamente debido a que las decisiones no se tomaron con la participación de los habitantes ni se tuvieron en consideración sus carencias económicas y su alta dependencia del turismo como medio de subsistencia. Por otro lado, las restricciones afectaron principalmente la economía de las personas más pobres, quienes dependen de sus labores diarias para obtener ingresos. A pesar de la situación, el municipio de Cuetzalan del Progreso se caracteriza por su resiliencia territorial, lo que se reflejó en el diseño de estrategias comunitarias para el fortalecimiento social.