bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finding Common Ground: A Synthesis of Science and Mathematics Teacher Educators’ Experiences with Professional Growth
Authors: Park Rogers Meredith , Berry Amanda , Krainer Konrad , Even Ruhama 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe seven articles that comprise this Special Issue examine the professional growth of mathematics and science teacher educators across different contexts and different foci of who is the teacher educator being studied. Despite these differences, a common thread running throughout these seven articles is the need for learning to be situated in collaboration with others. In this final article, we examine the contribution of these articles through two perspectives: that of the collaborative contexts supporting the professional growth of mathematics and science teacher educators, and the role of disciplinary knowledge as part of the purpose for teacher educators’ professional growth. We notice that collaboration can take on very different structures in supporting teacher educators’ professional learning due to the different purposes and roles of the teacher educators in the studies. We also notice that while collaboration figures as an important component in all of the studies, the disciplinary specific aspects of collaboration, i.e., how collaboration might be negotiated differently by teacher educators in mathematics and science, is still not well understood. Overall, these articles provide important insights that help to shed new light on the complex and multifaceted nature of teacher educators’ learning and growth and provide productive avenues for future research.
Perceptions and attitudes of Qatar University students regarding the utility of arabic and english in communication and education in Qatar
Authors: Mustafawi Eiman , Shaaban Kassim , Khwaileh Tariq , Ata Katsiaryna 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the linguistic attitudes and perceptions of Qatar University students regarding the utility and vitality of the two languages that define the education and communication scenes in Qatar, namely, Arabic and English. It also reports on the predictors of these attitudes in terms of demographic traits. 861 students completed a questionnaire that was divided into: Media Language Preference (MLP); Value and Symbolism of Arabic (VSA); Arabic in Education and Society (AES); Medium of Instruction (MOI); Impact of Al-Jazeera Network (IJN); English in Scientific and Professional Communication (ESPC); Qatari Cultural Identity (QCI); Arabic Books (AB); English in Society and Work (ESW); Language in Workplace (LIW); Arabic in Employment (AE); Status of Arabic (SA); and Manifestations of Sociocultural Identity (MSI). Results showed that Arabic got higher ratings for MLP, VSA, AES, MOI, QCI, and MSI, while English was perceived as more useful than Arabic in ESPC. Correlational analysis showed that Gender had significant correlations with MLP, MOI, ESPC, and MSI, while Nationality, Specialization, and Number of spoken languages had correlations with MLP and MOI.
Measuring Knowledge, Attitudes, and Barriers to Medication Adherence in Potential Bariatric Surgery Patients
Authors: Bianciardi Emanuela , Imperatori Claudio , Innamorati Marco , Fabbricatore Mariantonietta , Monacelli Angelica Maria , Pelle Martina , Siracusano Alberto , Niolu Cinzia , Gentileschi Paolo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for the obesity epidemic, but the poor attendance and adherence rates of post-surgery recommendations threaten treatment effectiveness and health outcomes. Preoperatively, we investigated the unique contributions of clinical (e.g., medical and psychiatric comorbidities), sociodemographic (e.g., sex, age, and educational level), and psychopathological variables (e.g., binge eating severity, the general level of psychopathological distress, and alexithymia traits) on differing dimensions of adherence in a group of patients seeking bariatric surgery.

Methods
The final sample consisted of 501 patients (346 women). All participants underwent a full psychiatric interview. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess psychopathology, binge eating severity, alexithymia, and three aspects of adherence: knowledge, attitude, and barriers to medical recommendations.

Results
Attitude to adherence was associated with alexithymia (β = ˗2.228; p < 0.001) and binge eating disorder (β = 0.103; p = 0.047). The knowledge subscale was related to medical comorbidity (β = 0.113; p = 0.012) and alexithymia (β = −2.256; p < 0.001); with age (β = 0.161; p = 0.002) and psychiatric comorbidity (β =0.107; p = 0.021) manifesting in the barrier subscale.

Conclusion
We demonstrated that alexithymia and psychiatric and eating disorders impaired adherence reducing attitude and knowledge of treatment and increasing the barriers. Both patient and doctor can benefit from measuring adherence prior to surgery, with a qualitative approach shedding light on the status of adherence prior to the postsurgical phase when the damage regarding adherence is, already, done.
Path velocity planning for a forming process of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic with six degree of freedom
Authors: Wonnenberg Birk , Dröder Klaus 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBy punch trajectory planning for a multi-axis forming press, it is possible to affect the local material properties in the workpiece. A multi-axis forming process can influence the material flow and thus the material properties via the punch path. During multi-axis forming processes, the velocity on a defined punch path affects the heat transfer between the punch and the forming material. An example for such forming materials is glass mat thermoplastics (GMT). Multi-axis forming can form these materials in a molten state. The materials cool down during forming due to contact-induced heat transfer between material and punch. The contact zone varies during the process and depends on the punch path. The punch velocity, however, influences the duration of the contact. In order to plan the punch velocity for required part properties, this paper presents an analytical model. The model bases on the geometrical description of the contact zone and gives different velocity profiles, which are tested in experiments. Finally, the paper discusses the analytical model, the velocity profiles and the requirements for the press.
Resource status and protection strategies of mangroves in China
Authors: Fu Xiu-Mei , Tang Hui-Ying , Liu Yang , Zhang Meng-Qi , Jiang Shan-Shan , Yang Fang , Li Xiao-Yan , Wang Chang-Yun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMangrove is a typical natural landscape with great ecological, social and economic functions and values, and should be highly valued and protected. However, in the past few decades, mangrove resources have suffered serious damage, and there are also many deficiencies in mangrove protection. Chinese mangroves, as an important part of the global mangroves, are of great research value. In the present study, the status and historical dynamic process of Chinese mangrove resources were investigated and discussed to illustrate the problems of resources from three aspects, including mangrove distribution, area and plant species. Based on field research, literature research and data analysis, it was revealed that Chinese mangroves are distributed in eight provinces and regions along the southeast coast with an area of 35,749.25 hm2, 38 species and 40 nature reserves. The protection situation and deficiencies were analyzed from the establishment and management of nature reserves. Based on the resource status and problems, reasonable strategies were proposed to protect and manage mangroves mainly from four aspects, including publicity and education, resources restoration and protection technology, legal system establishment, and comprehensive protection and management.
Which Aortic Valve Can Be Surgically Reconstructed?
Authors: Abeln Karen B. , Giebels Christian , Ehrlich Tristan , Federspiel Jan M. , Schäfers Hans-Joachim 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Preservation or repair of the aortic valve has evolved dynamically in the past 20 years. It leads to a high freedom from valve-related complications if an adequate valve durability can be achieved; it may possibly also improve survival. To date, little structured information is available about which valves can be repaired and which should better be replaced.

Recent Findings
For surgical decision-making, the size of the aortic root is important and the anatomy of the aortic valve must be considered. In the presence of root aneurysm, most tricuspid and bicuspid aortic valves can be preserved. In aortic regurgitation and normal aortic dimensions, the majority of tricuspid and bicuspid aortic valves can be repaired with good long-term durability. In bicuspid aortic valves, the morphologic characteristics must be taken into consideration. Unicuspid and quadricuspid aortic valves can be repaired in selected cases. Generally, cusp calcification is a sign of a poor substrate for repair; the same is true for cusp retraction and cusp destruction due to active endocarditis. They are associated with limited valve durability.

Summary
Using current concepts, many non-calcified aortic valves can be repaired. Modern imaging, in particular three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), should be able to define repairable aortic valves with a high probability.
Digital Religion among U.S. and Canadian Millennial Adults
Authors: Wilkins-Laflamme Sarah 
Published: July 2021

Background Although there is a growing body of research on the nature and content of digital religion, we still know little about the prevalence of digital religious and spiritual practices among different populations in North America. To what extent do digital technologies play a complementary role to in-person religious and spiritual activities only, or do they also reach out to and provide important spaces for new segments of the population removed from more conventional forms of organized religion? Purpose The goal is to answer this research question and to explore the prevalence of different types of digital religion practices specifically among young adult Millennials in both the U.S. and Canada. Three contrasting hypotheses are tested: that digital religion practices are prevalent among large segments of the Millennial population and are part of a wider turn towards individual spiritualization (H1); that digital religion practices are another set of religiosity indicators showing signs of a secular transition among Millennials (H2); or that both trends are occurring in tandem, in that some Millennials are practising digital religion, mostly but not exclusively tied to in-person religious activities and socialization (H3). Methods To test these hypotheses, we generate a series of descriptive and logit regression statistical analyses using novel and high-quality 2019 Millennial Trends Survey data from both Canada and the U.S. Results We find that (1) digital religion as measured in this study is a phenomenon present among many Millennials, although it is also not present among all or a vast majority of this demographic; (2) this is especially the case for more passive forms of digital religion, notably digital content consumption, compared with more active forms such as social media posting; (3) social environment does play an important role, with digital religion practices much more prevalent in the generally more religious U.S. context, compared with the generally more secular Canadian context; and (4) digital religion practices are often, but not always, tied to other in-person religious and spiritual activities among Millennials. Conclusions and Implications We find support especially for our third hypothesis (H3) with these results. Consequently, we argue that we should understand the individual spiritualization and secular transition frameworks as complementary, rather than in complete opposition, regarding the prevalence of digital religion among Millennials.
Review of molten carbonate-based direct carbon fuel cells
Authors: Cui Can , Li Shuangbin , Gong Junyi , Wei Keyan , Hou Xiangjun , Jiang Cairong , Yao Yali , Ma Jianjun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDirect carbon fuel cell (DCFC) is a promising technology with high energy efficiency and abundant fuel. To date, a variety of DCFC configurations have been investigated, with molten hydroxide, molten carbonate or oxides being used as the electrolyte. Recently, there has been particular interest in DCFC with molten carbonate involved. The molten carbonate is either an electrolyte or a catalyst in different cell structures. In this review, we consider carbonate as the clue to discuss the function of carbonate in DCFCs, and start the paper by outlining the developments in terms of molten carbonate (MC)-based DCFC and its electrochemical oxidation processes. Thereafter, the composite electrolyte merging solid carbonate and mixed ionic–electronic conductors (MIEC) are discussed. Hybrid DCFC (HDCFCs ) combining molten carbonate and solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) are also touched on. The primary function of carbonate (i.e., facilitating ion transfer and expanding the triple-phase boundaries) in these systems, is then discussed in detail. Finally, some issues are identified and a future outlook outlined, including a corrosion attack of cell components, reactions using inorganic salt from fuel ash, and wetting with carbon fuels.
Security assessment for routing-based synthesis on cyberphysical MEDA-based digital microfluidic biochip
Authors: Das Chandan , Muhuri Samya , Chakraborty Sarit , Chakraborty Susanta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCyberphysical microelectrode-dot-array (CP-MEDA)-based digital microfluidic biochip (DMFB) is attracting more attention than its predecessor of traditional DMFB. Conventional DMFBs are mostly unable to recover from the errors incurred at assay run time, and thus, it leads to unacceptable results. Recent studies have revealed the vulnerability of CP-DFMBs to detect malicious intrusions during its design or operational phase. In this paper, we have analysed such vulnerable scenarios that have been utilized by the routing-based-synthesis approach on a CP-MEDA. We have also depicted the mixing operations based on routing for ensuring better security measures. Various attacking scenarios have been demonstrated on a MEDA-based DMFB, and moreover, checkpoint-based intrusion detection method has been proposed for the RBS technique. The effectiveness of our approach is compared with the available benchmark assays. Our proposed method has shown significant improvement over the existing state-of-the-art procedures in terms of assay execution time and intrusion detection rate.
Numerical study of the effects of geometric parameters and nanofluid properties on heat transfer and pressure drop in helical tubes
Authors: Faridi-khouzestani Reza , Ghafouri Ashkan , Halalizade Mahmood 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this research the geometric parameters and nanofluid properties effects on heat transfer and pressure drop in helical tube, by using alumina-water nanofluid as cooling fluid, are numerically investigated. Friction factor and heat transfer coefficient are calculated by considering the effects of nanofluid properties, including nanoparticle diameter, nanofluid temperature, Reynolds number, and volume fraction, on the one hand, and the impact of geometric parameters, including tube diameter, coils diameter and coils pitch, on the other hand. Numerical analysis is performed in the Ansys Fluent 19.2 software using the SST k-ω turbulence model. By increasing the nanofluid volume fraction the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop in helical coils increase, the same as the nanoparticle diameter reduction. The reduction of nanoparticle diameter causes an enhancement of heat transfer and friction factor, the best results happen in dp = 5 nm and φ = 4%, where the it was ~ 40.64% more efficient than base fluid. This amounts for φ = 3%, φ = 2% and φ = 1% are 31.80%, 18.02% and 8.83%, respectively. Finally, the performance evaluation criteria (PEC) is compared for different cases, the maximum value was happen on φ = 4% and dp = 5 nm, which it is 1.86 times higher than the base fluid. The results indicate that the thermal efficiency of the heat exchanger improve largely by using helical coils and nanofluids, rather than the base fluid, and direct tubes. In addition, increasing coil pitch and curvature ratio enhance heat transfer and reduce friction factor.
Combined electrochemistry and mass spectrometry imaging to interrogate the mechanism of action of modafinil, a cognition-enhancing drug, at the cellular and sub-cellular level
Authors: Ranjbari Elias , Philipsen Mai H. , Wang Zhaoying , Ewing Andrew G. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractModafinil is a mild psychostimulant-like drug enhancing wakefulness, improving attention and developing performance in various cognitive tasks, but its mechanism of action is not completely understood. This is the first combination of amperometry, electrochemical cytometry and mass spectrometry to interrogate the mechanism of action of a drug, here modafinil, at cellular and sub-cellular level. We employed single-cell amperometry (SCA) and intracellular vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry (IVIEC) to investigate the alterations in exocytotic release and vesicular catecholamine storage following modafinil treatment. The SCA results reveal that modafinil slows down the exocytosis process so that, the number of catecholamines released per exocytotic event is enhanced in the modafinil-treated cells. Also, IVIEC results offer an upregulation effect of modafinil on the vesicular catecholamine storage. Mass spectrometry imaging by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) illustrates that treatment with modafinil reduces the cylindrical-shaped phosphatidylcholine at the cellular membrane, while the high curvature lipids with conical structures such as phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol are elevated after modafinil treatment. Combining the results obtained by SCA, IVIEC and ToF-SIMS suggests that modafinil-treated cells release a larger portion of their vesicular content at least in part by changing the lipid composition of the cell membrane, suggesting regulation of cognition.
The Synoptic Impacts on the Convection Initiation of a Warm‐Sector Heavy Rainfall Event Over Coastal South China Prior to the Monsoon Onset: A Numerical Modeling Study
Authors: Bao Xinghua , Luo Yali , Gao Xiaoyu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA series of convection‐permitting numerical experiments using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with different model configurations are performed to investigate physical mechanisms governing convection initiation (CI) at the coast of South China (SC) during a warm‐sector heavy rainfall event occurred before the South China Sea (SCS) monsoon onset. The simulation results are more sensitive to initial state from the different reanalysis products than the microphysics schemes, horizontal resolutions, initialization time, and lateral boundary conditions with the variation examined. It is found that the speeds of easterly to southeasterly winds in the boundary layer (BL) over northern SCS determine the strength of horizontal convergence of the warm and moist airflows arriving at the coast. The mid‐tropospheric divergence over the west coastal areas of SC and its southwest upstream impact vertical motion of the mid‐to‐lower tropospheric southwesterly airflows when approaching the coast. Differences in such features of upstream airflows in the experiments lead to distinct temporal evolutions of BL dynamic lifting and temperature stratification in the mid‐to‐lower levels at the CI location, thus the level of free convection and convective available potential energy. The modeling evidence presented shows that the synoptic dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of the upstream airflows in BL and mid‐to‐lower troposphere, with local modulation by the coastal mountains, play important roles in determining the time and location of CI, and the distribution and amount of rainfall. Studies on more cases are needed to gain more general and robust conclusions about physical mechanism governing the warm‐sector coastal CI.
High Incidence Hypoxia Increases Benthic Nitrogen Retention but Decreases Nitrogen Removal in Seasonally Hypoxic Areas off the Changjiang Estuary
Authors: Li Xiaofei , Qian Wei , Qi Mengting , Gao Dengzhou , Liu Cheng , Liu Min , Hou Lijun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHow the partitioning between dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and N2 production responds to hypoxia in seasonally hypoxic estuaries has not been well understood. In this study, 15N tracer incubations were used to investigate benthic denitrification, anammox and DNRA rates for three years (2016–2018) across seasonally hypoxic areas off the Changjiang Estuary. Dissolved oxygen contents in bottom water were significantly lower in July than in February/March. Concentrations of NH4+ and NOx– in bottom water throughout the sampling sites did not vary between seasons. Rates of benthic denitrification (0.45–6.55 nmol N g−1 h−1), anammox (0.02–0.30 nmol N g−1 h−1) and DNRA (0.06–0.59 nmol N g−1 h−1) varied largely along the estuary. Denitrification, anammox and DNRA rates did not vary significantly between inshore and offshore sites. However, denitrification rates were significantly lower and DNRA rates were significantly higher in consistently than transiently hypoxic sites. Anammox rates were slightly lower in consistently than transiently hypoxic sites. Ratios of DNRA to N2 production were in a range of 0.015–0.53, and were significantly higher in consistently than transiently hypoxic sites, but did not vary significantly between inshore and offshore sites. The lower temperature sensitivity of denitrification and anammox compared to their Q10 values further indicated that hypoxia may inhibit N2 production. These results suggest that high incidence hypoxia can decrease denitrification and anammox rates but increase DNRA rates with important implications on N retention versus removal, thereby exacerbating eutrophication and hypoxia in estuarine and coastal environments.
An accessible insight into genetic findings for transplantation recipients with suspected genetic kidney disease
Authors: Wang Zhigang , Xu Hongen , Xiang Tianchao , Liu Danhua , Xu Fei , Zhao Lixiang , Feng Yonghua , Xu Linan , Liu Jialu , Fang Ye , Liu Huanfei , Li Ruijun , Hu Xinxin , Guan Jingyuan , Liu Longshan , Feng Guiwen , Shen Qian , Xu Hong , Frishman Dmitrij , Tang Wenxue , Guo Jiancheng , Rao Jia , Shang Wenjun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDetermining the etiology of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) constitutes a great challenge in the context of renal transplantation. Evidence is lacking on the genetic findings for adult renal transplant recipients through exome sequencing (ES). Adult patients on kidney transplant waitlist were recruited from 2017 to 2019. Trio-ES was conducted for the families who had multiple affected individuals with nephropathy or clinical suspicion of a genetic kidney disease owing to early onset or extrarenal features. Pathogenic variants were confirmed in 62 from 115 families post sequencing for 421 individuals including 195 health family members as potential living donors. Seventeen distinct genetic disorders were identified confirming theprioridiagnosis in 33 (28.7%) families, modified or reclassified the clinical diagnosis in 27 (23.5%) families, and established a diagnosis in two families with ESRD of unknown etiology. In 14.8% of the families, we detected promising variants of uncertain significance in candidate genes associated with renal development or renal disease. Furthermore, we reported the secondary findings of oncogenes in 4.4% of the patients and known single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with pharmacokinetics in our cohort to predict the drug levels of tacrolimus and mycophenolate. The diagnostic utility of the genetic findings has provided new clinical insight in most families that help with preplanned renal transplantation.