bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application features of the multi-wave optical diagnostics complex in the technology of laser metal deposition
Authors: Zavalov Y N , Dubrov A V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The features of the application of the multi-wave complex (MCOD) for optical diagnostics of physical processes under the action of laser radiation on the melt surface in the technology of laser deposition of metals (LMD) are considered. The registration of thermal radiation in different ranges of the optical spectrum is used in the MCOD to evaluate the geometric characteristics of the melt pool and determine the maximum temperature of the melt pool Tmax
. The dependences of the track height and the width of the melt pool on Tmax
are obtained for different values of the scanning speed. It is shown that in the speed range from 5 to 8 mm/s, the track height practically does not change while maintaining Tmax
.
Income analysis of coconut farming with land diversification in North Minahasa Regency
Authors: Dumais J N K , Kaunang R , Lumingkewas J , Rori Y 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
North Minahasa Regency is the second-largest coconut plant center in North Sulawesi, with a coconut plantation area of 44,886 ha in 2018 (North Sulawesi Province in Figures, 2018). The plantation of coconut in North Minahasa Regency is a plantation of the people traditionally managed. Less development of rejuvenation coconut plantation causes an increase in the proportion of coconut plantation that its age relatively old has been cut down because it is not productive anymore. Cutting down is causing an increase in unproductive land under the coconut tree. This land can be used to grow other plants such as corn, papaya, chilli, ginger, banana and economic plants that will increase the income of coconut’s farmer. The objective of this research is to: 1) assess and analyze the existing condition of diversification and revenue land farming coconut exists in the District of Minahasa Utara; 2) calculate and compare the income per hectare of any diversification of land farming coconuts in the District of Minahasa Utara, and 3) produce a recommendation policy that is associated with alternative types of diversification of land farming coconuts in the District of Minahasa Utara. Research result showed five types of income diversification of land, namely crop monoculture of coconut processed into copra. Crop monoculture of coconut processed into coconut grain, coconut processed into coconut grain with corn, coconut into coconut grain with papaya, coconut processed into coconut grain with chilli. Farming that gives the highest income is coconut processed into coconut grain with papaya.
The Strategy of guava agribusiness development in Kendal Regency using a business model canvas
Authors: Khamdi A , Roessali W , Mukson  
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Kendal is the area in Central Java with the most red guava fruit production, according to the Central Bureau of Statistics Republic of Indonesia. The production of red guava in Kendal Regency increased from 97,050 to 222,548 quintals between 2014 and 2016. In 2017, output fell to 137,671 quintals; however, in 2018, production rose to 159,079 quintals, still falling short of the previous year's total. This study used a business model canvas (BMC) methodology and SWOT analysis to map the existing red guava agribusiness business model and create a development plan for it. The interpretation of the SWOT diagram shows that guava farmers in four districts of Kendal Regency are in quadrant I, which indicates that they are in growth conditions with good opportunities and strengths to support the expansion of a red guava business. BMC demonstrates the need for additional consumer segments in order to reduce wholesaler dependence with several strategies. 1) Expansion of the trading network (2) Increasing key resources, (3) Adding key activity, such as regulating the harvest period for red guava and post-harvest processing. (4) Value proposition, by improving the quality of red guava
The Effect of polyethylene glycol concentration on some varieties of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) in enhancing the germination viability
Authors: Wahyudin C I , Mahulette A S , Nendissa J I , Makaruku M H , Mariati W D , Haitami A , Desrihastuti  , Febrianti  , Pratiwi Arby’in 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to see the interaction between the concentration of Polyethylene Glycol and various varieties of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) On plant germination. This study used a completely randomized factorial design with 3 replications. The factors used for the study were varieties of kenaf (Karang Proso 6, Karang Proso 9 and Karang Proso 15) and the concentration of Polyethylene Glycol (0, 3, 5, and 7 ppm). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (F test) using least significant difference (LSD) test of 5%. There was an interaction between the concentration of Polyethylene Glycol and kenaf varieties on germination power. Karang Proso 9 variety was consistent with several concentrations of Polyethylene Glycol which had higher germination compared to other varieties. Polyethylene Glycol concentration did not affect hypocotyl length, seed germination uniformity, dry weight of the varieties of Karang Proso 6, Karang Proso 9 and Karang Proso 15.
Physical and mechanical properties of cement-bonded particleboard made from squander of paper
Authors: Maail R S , Fransz J J , Titarsole J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The objectives of this study were to assess and explain the usage of squander paper as a selective crude material in the production of cement-bonded particleboard (CBP) and to decide its physical and mechanical properties. The two treatment factors were used such as squander of paper types (A4 paper sheets, newspaper and cardboard) and CaCl2 as chemical accelerator agents (in concentrations of 2%, 4% and 6% according to the weight of cement) with proportions mixed of cement - squander of paper - water about 2.5:1:1,25. The result indicated that the squander of paper types and the concentration of CaCl2 have affected the physical and mechanical properties of CBP. The board which produced using cardboard with the proportions of materials (2.5:1:1.25) and accelerator CaCl2 about of 6% were satisfied all the requirement standard of JIS A 5417 1992 and have the most physical and mechanical properties values.
Characteristics of yellow sweet potato flakes (Ipomoea batatas L.) with the addition of moringa leaf flour (Moringa oleifera)
Authors: Augustyn G H , Lawalata V N , Sipahelut S G 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Flakes made from yellow sweet potato flour are one of the products with the addition of moringa leaf flour to increase the added value of the two commodities. The purpose of this study was to characterize the chemical and organoleptic properties of yellow sweet potato flakes with the addition of moringa leaf flour and determine the best treatment. This research was designed using a Completely Randomized Design with the addition of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% moringa leaf flour, and repeated twice. The results showed that the addition of 4% moringa leaf flour was the best treatment because it was following SNI, with chemical characteristics of 3.43% moisture content, 1.88% ash content, 7.24% fat content, 2.05% protein content, 80.54% carbohydrate content, 4.81% fiber content and organoleptic characteristics of color (3.93 like), taste (3.76 like), aroma (3.40 like), crispness (3.90 like), and overall (3.90 like).
Scoring system as an alternative audit method in food safety management system certification body
Authors: Wahyuni H D , Nurjanah S , Rahayu W P 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDifferences between auditor perceptions often occur in the audit process of the management system, even auditors from the Food Safety Management System Certification Body (FSMS CB). The auditor as an assessor is able to influence strongly to the audit report. A scoring system is a quantitative approach in auditing to eliminate subjectivity and impartiality in the auditor’s assessment. The purpose of this research was producing an internal audit checklist with a scoring system, obtaining the diversity of the auditors’ assessment on the gap analysis in FSMS CB (PT XYZ), and getting information on the sources of the diversity on the gap analysis results. The research scope was ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 process requirements. The research method consisted of 3 steps, they were: preparation, data analysis, and cause-effect analysis. The auditors’ total scores were in the same category, which was the good category (X≥73.2%), and not significantly different at the 0.05 significance level. The diversity in the auditors’ assessment was found in 4 sub-clauses (9.1, 9.2, 9.5, and 9.9). The sources of diversity in the auditors’ assessment were personnel and tool. It could reduce by increasing the auditors’ competence and improving the internal audit system from PT XYZ.
Contribution of home-garden farming to household income and its sustainability in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia
Authors: Irham  , Gusfarina D S , Widada A W , Nurhayati A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Farming is nowadays intensively developed in urban areas. Home-garden has excellent potential in supporting household food sufficiency and providing aesthetic value for the household economy. This study's objectives are: (1) to estimate home-garden farming's contribution to household income and (2) to determine the Sustainability of home-garden farming in Yogyakarta City. The research was carried out in the city center and fringe area covering seven districts of Yogyakarta City. The sample was 113 households that utilized their home-garden for farming as the members of farmer groups. Data were analyzed using a simple statistical calculation to determine the contribution of home-garden farming income. Farming sustainability data were categorized into ecological, economic, and social dimensions using a Likert scale. The results of the study showed that the contribution of home-garden farming to household income was 0.81%. This value is relatively small because the land is very narrow. Also, the primary purpose is not for sale. Home-garden farming, both in the city centre and in the suburbs, has a high level of Sustainability, which is indicated by the economic dimension (79.11%), the ecological dimension (78.71%), and the social dimension (84.12%).
Level of escherichia coli contamination of broiler chicken meat in Ambon City Market
Authors: Liur I J , Veerman M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Chicken meat is a source of animal protein that is very popular with all people, especially in Indonesia. The meat also contains nutrients that are good for the body. However, broiler meat also has a weakness because it is a food that is easily damaged; most of the damage is caused by poor handling, thus providing opportunities for growth microbes. Broiler meat is easily contaminated by various microorganisms that are in the environment. This study aimed to determine the level of microbial contamination in broiler chicken meat in the Ambon city market. The study used a random sampling technique and used 12 samples from the market in Ambon city. Parameters of microbiologic status observed total plate count and E. coli. Data were described descriptively. The result showed that total plate count (TPC) and E-coli was not more than the standard. The microbial contamination of broiler chicken meat markets in Ambon city was not in excess with the National Standardization Agency (NSA, 2009). Thus, broiler meat is safe for consumption.
Nutmeg Cultivation Intensity (Myristica fragrans Houtt) in Banda District
Authors: Wattimena A Y , Makaruku M H , Kembauw E , Mahulette A S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine and analyze the components of nutmeg cultivation at the farm level. The method used in the study was a survey method of plant cultivation. Sampling was done by using the multistage random sampling method. The area of reserach selected uses the pivate area startification. Each village was randomly sampled as many as 10 farmers, the total number of which was 20 sampled farmers. The results showed that farmers in Lonthor Village and Selamong Village, Banda Subdistrict, had not fully carried out intensive nutmeg cultivation that included land cultivation, seeding, fertilization, maintenance and post-harvest processing. This is because the existing nutmeg plants generally inherited from their parents so that it affects the decreased nutmeg production.
The characteristic anda feasibility of Banda’S nutmeg agro-industry in Banda Island of Maluku Province
Authors: Lawalata M , Timisela N R , Turukay M , Leatemia E D , Luhukay J M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This research aims to identify the characteristics of the agro-industrial business of Banda’s manufactured nutmeg pulp products and to analyze the income and feasibility of the agro-industrial business of Banda’s manufactured nutmeg pulp products. The results show that agroindustry is feasible to develop because the average value of ratio B-C is 1,8. The feasibility of investment analysis shows that the NVP value is Rp.2.569.750, the IRR value is 36,24%, the value of Ratio Net B/C is 1,8, and the payback period is 3,44. Based on the analysis of the factors that influence nutmeg agroindustry producer’s income rates, the factors include raw material prices, supporting material prices, production, labor wages, and working capital. The determination coefficient is 55,7, which means that the income rates are influenced by the variable of ages, the education levels, the number of family members, the business experiences, and the business capitals counted as 55,7 %. The rest 44, 3 %, is influenced by the other factors out of the model.
Response of growth and yield of two soybean varieties to seed pre-treatment applications
Authors: Herawati N , Aisah A R , Mardian I , Hidayah B N , Erawati B T R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Plant growth is influenced by seed quality. Seeds need to be treated to prevent pest and disease disorders or to increase seed germination. Soybean planting was carried out in this study by the treatment of varieties and seed pre-treatment application before planting. The study aimed to measure the growth and yield of soybeans by varieties and seed treatment before planting, carried out in the Village of Nggembe, District of Bolo, Bima Regency. The study used factorial randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was soybean varieties consisting of two levels, namely Devon and Dena varieties, and the second factor was the application of pre-planting seed treatments consisting of four levels namely Cruiser, Marshall, Agrisoy, and without seed treatment, each treatment was repeated three times. Observations were made on the performance of agronomic crops and soybean yields. The results showed that the treatment of soybean varieties and the application of seed treatment had a significant influence on plant height and soybean productivity, and both treatments had interactions on parameters of plant height, number of filled pods, weight of 100 seeds, and soybean productivity with the best results successively produced by a combination of Devon-Control, Devon-Marshall, Devon-Agrisoy, and Dena-Cruiser.
Drought stress and K effects on contents of soil water and organic matter, CEC, exchangeable-K, yield and water productivity of sweet corn on Inceptisols
Authors: Nurlaeny N , Herdiyantoro D , Putra R M , Ratuliami N , Pratiwi W N , Nurfadilah F S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The research was conducted to study the effects of drought stress and K fertilizer on plant growth, contents of soil water (SWC) and organic matter (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), K-exchange, yield and water productivity of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) grown in Inceptisols. The research was conducted on a plastic house in a controlled culture experiment field, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran using a factorial randomized block design (RBD). The first factor was the four percentages of drought stress (0%, 20%, 40% and 60%). The second factor was three levels of KCl dose (1, 1.25 and 1.50 times the recommended dose of 50 kg ha−1 KCl). The treatment combinations were repeated three times. The interaction between 20-40% drought stress and 1.50 times dose of KCl had a significant effect on stem diameter and independently this KCl dose affected the leaf numbers, but without drought stress. The treatment without drought stress resulted in highest plant height and leaf area index, while drought stress of 40-60% gave higher SOM and CEC, even in 60% drought stress showed a higher exchangeable K. The application of 1.25 times dose of KCl caused higher K-uptake, while the treatment of 40% drought stress gave higher water productivity.
Centella asiatica tendril growth of Samosir – Indonesia accession
Authors: Vinolina N S , Sigalingging R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Medicinal plants often used is pegagan (Centella asiatica). Due to the benefits of pegagan, it is important to know the growth of this plant in detail, in this case, the growth of tendrils, which is, of course, related to biomass production. Plant materials are needed that are guaranteed production levels and quality by applying recommended cultivation. This study was proposed to understand the influence of phosphorus on the growth of pegagan tendrils. This research was conducted using a single factor with six levels of P2O5 fertilizer dosage with a non-factorial randomized block design repeated 3 times. The 6 levels of fertilizer dosage are 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 kg P2O5/ha. The treatment of phosphorus (F) at 3-12 WAP did not reveal a prominent influence on the number of the primary tendrils; however, phosphorus's application affects the growth component of the primary tendril length in acid soil conditions. Pegagan can still grow well even though the land conditions are very acidic.
Vegetation composition in gold post-mining land of PT. Sultra Utama Nickel, Bombana District
Authors: Tuheteru F D , Husna  , Basrudin  , Arif A , Albasri  , Mustafa I 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to determine vegetation composition in the gold post-mining land of PT Sultra Utama Nickel in Bombana District. The method used in this research was the plotted path method by placing transects in accordance with purposive sampling technique. Transects were arranged systematically with a between-transects distance of 50 m The number of transects arranged were 18 transects with 3 plots each with size of each plot was 2 x 2 m, resulted in a total plot of 54 plots. Plant identification results showed that plant species found in the study area were 19 families, 30 genera, 34 species and 4 habitat. Results of vegetation analysis showed that of the 34 plant species found in the research location, plant species with the highest IVI value of 34.54% was Imperata cylindrica. The lowest IVI of 0.54% were found for Lygodium sp., Glochidion sp., Seleria levis Retz, Scoparia dulcis L., Sida rhombifolia L and Solanum torvum. The diversity index was 2.59, indicating moderate abundance category.
Moler disease and cultivation practiced by shallot farmers in Brebes Central Java
Authors: Supriyadi  , Supyani  , Poromarto SH. , Hadiwiyono  
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Shallot is one of the leading commodities for farmers in Brebes, Central Java. Brebes is the largest supplier of Indonesia's national shallot production. This is what makes Brebes famous as a center for shallot production. However, recently farmers have been faced with the attack of pathogens that cause Moler disease, which recently increased their attacks so that certain conditions cause significant yield losses of up to 40%. The relationship between increasing the intensity of moler and cultivation practised by shallot farmers in Brebes is discussed in this text. The research was conducted through a survey by taking seven districts with the Brebes district's highest production area. Five farmers were selected for each speed. The data was excavated from farmers with a questionnaire about the shallot cultivation practice carried out by farmers. The results showed that the cultivation practices carried out by farmers had the potential to increase the intensity of moler disease. The practice that is meant is without crop rotation or varieties, without organic fertilizers, intensive application of fungicide, and balanced fertilization.
The influence of agricultural diversification on community income in East Taniwel District
Authors: Ega La , Muspida  , Kembauw E , Ferdinandus S J , Sinay L J , Sangadji M , Faisal M , Aponno H S E S , Wenno M , Regar E , Apituley R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study entitled “The Effect of Agricultural Diversification on Community Income in the East Taniwel District”. The research objective was to determine the relationship and influence of agricultural diversification on people's income in the East Taniwel District.
The data used in this study are primary data from eight villages in East Taniwel District, West Seram District, Maluku Province. This data is the result of a baseline survey at the household level, where the sample is determined using the Slovin formula. The data analysis technique used is the application of the backward method in multiple linear regression modeling based on OLS. The results showed that there was a relationship and influence between agricultural diversification and the income of rural communities in East Taniwel District.
Predictability and benefits of coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian approach over Eulerian characterization of droplet annular flow
Authors: Singh Digvijay , Das Arup Kumar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Wavy annular flow and subsequent droplet dispersion in air-water two-phase flow has been studied numerically using conventional Eulerian volume of fluid (VOF) solver and coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. The VOF based investigation has been reported to highlights the formation of droplet swarm and its population dynamics. Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method has also been shown to replicate similar features with lesser computational effort. Entrainment, deposition, fragmentation and unification are traced from the numerical simulation, which ultimately predicts the volume filling behavior of the droplets inside the tube. Flow kinematics around droplet is critically assessed numerically for finding out reasons behind deposition, fragmentation and unification. A comparative behavior between different velocity ratios of gas and liquid flow rates are presented which clearly shows higher entrainment rate as shear between annular liquid and gaseous core increases. An assessment of the droplet population in coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method shows the generation of the smaller sized spherical droplet by entrainment and fragmentation route.