bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No pain, just gain: Painless, easy, and fast dried blood spot collection from fingertip and upper arm in doping control
Authors: Solheim Sara Amalie , Ringsted Thomas Kamm , Nordsborg Nikolai B. , Dehnes Yvette , Levernæs Maren Christin Stillesby , Mørkeberg Jakob 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to determine and compare the perception, painfulness, and usability of the minimally invasive dried blood spot (DBS) collections from fingertip versus upper arm from different athlete populations: males and females representing sports dependent on hand/arm, sports less dependent on hand/arm and para‐athletes. To accomplish this, 108 national level athletes from Denmark were recruited (♀ = 49, ♂ = 59, 25 ± 6 years; mean ± SD) and 11 Doping Control Officers (DCOs) collected manual fingerprick DBS (HemaSpot HF) and automated upper‐arm DBS (Tasso‐M20) from each athlete. Athletes and DCOs responded to questionnaires regarding the perception of sample collection procedures. On a 0–10 scale, the athletes reported a low pain score and a very good general experience for both sampling sites, but following upper‐arm DBS collection, the associated pain was rated lower (−0.4 ± 1.6, p < 0.05), and the general experience rated better (+0.6 ± 2.3, p ≤ 0.001) than after the fingerprick DBS collection. The DCOs rated the general experience with the upper‐arm DBS collection better (+1.6 ± 1.1, p ≤ 0.01) than the fingerprick DBS collection, partly because problems occurred more frequently during the DBS collection from the fingertip (28%) than from the upper arm (6%). In conclusion, it appears that DBS sampling is affiliated with minimal sensation of pain and is preferred by both DCOs and athletes, independent of gender and discipline, over conventional sample collection methods. Collection of DBS from the upper arm was preferred over fingerprick by both athletes and DCOs.
A national‐scale dataset for threats impacting Australia’s imperiled flora and fauna
Authors: Ward Michelle , Carwardine Josie , Yong Chuan J. , Watson James E. M. , Silcock Jennifer , Taylor Gary S. , Lintermans Mark , Gillespie Graeme R. , Garnett Stephen T. , Woinarski John , Tingley Reid , Fensham Rod J. , Hoskin Conrad J. , Hines Harry B. , Roberts J. Dale , Kennard Mark J. , Harvey Mark S. , Chapple David G. , Reside April E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAustralia is in the midst of an extinction crisis, having already lost 10% of terrestrial mammal fauna since European settlement and with hundreds of other species at high risk of extinction. The decline of the nation's biota is a result of an array of threatening processes; however, a comprehensive taxon‐specific understanding of threats and their relative impacts remains undocumented nationally. Using expert consultation, we compile the first complete, validated, and consistent taxon‐specific threat and impact dataset for all nationally listed threatened taxa in Australia. We confined our analysis to 1,795 terrestrial and aquatic taxa listed as threatened (Vulnerable, Endangered, or Critically Endangered) under Australian Commonwealth law. We engaged taxonomic experts to generate taxon‐specific threat and threat impact information to consistently apply the IUCN Threat Classification Scheme and Threat Impact Scoring System, as well as eight broad‐level threats and 51 subcategory threats, for all 1,795 threatened terrestrial and aquatic threatened taxa. This compilation produced 4,877 unique taxon–threat–impact combinations with the most frequently listed threats being Habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation (n = 1,210 taxa), and Invasive species and disease (n = 966 taxa). Yet when only high‐impact threats or medium‐impact threats are considered, Invasive species and disease become the most prevalent threats. This dataset provides critical information for conservation action planning, national legislation and policy, and prioritizing investments in threatened species management and recovery.
Predicting the potential of capacitive deionization for the separation of pH‐dependent organic molecules
Authors: Wagner Robin , Winger Sebastian , Franzreb Matthias 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOne of the main steps in the biotechnological production of chemical building blocks, such as, e.g. bio‐based succinic acid which is used for lubricants, cosmetics, food, and pharmaceuticals, is the isolation and purification of the target molecule. A new approach to isolate charged, bio‐based chemicals is by electrosorption onto carbon surfaces. In contrast to ion exchange, electrosorption does not require additional chemicals for elution and regeneration. However, while the electrosorption of inorganic salts is well understood and in commercial use, the knowledge about electrosorption of weak organic acids including the strong implications of the pH‐dependent dissociation and their affinity towards physical adsorption must be expanded. Here, we show a detailed discussion of the main pH‐dependent effects determining the achievable charge efficiencies and capacities. An explicit set of equations allows the fast prediction of the named key figures for constant voltage and constant current operation. The calculated and experimental results obtained for the electrosorption of maleic acid show that the potential‐free adsorption of differently protonated forms of the organic acid play a dominating role in the process. At pH 8 and a voltage threshold of 1.3 V, charge efficiencies of 25% and capacities around 40 mmol/kg could be reached for a constant current experiment. While this capacity is clearly below that of ion exchange resins, the required carbon materials are inexpensive and energy costs are only about 0.013 €/mol. Therefore, we anticipate that electrosorption has the potential to become an interesting alternative to conventional unit operations for the isolation of charged target molecules.
Permutation tests for equality of distributions of functional data
Authors: Bugni Federico A. , Horowitz Joel L. 
Published: August 2021

SummaryEconomic data are often generated by stochastic processes that take place in continuous time, though observations may occur only at discrete times. Such data are called functional data. This paper is concerned with comparing two or more stochastic processes that generate functional data. The data may be produced by a randomized experiment in which there are multiple treatments. The paper presents a method for testing the hypothesis that the same stochastic process generates all the functional data. The results of Monte Carlo experiments and an application to an experiment on pricing of natural gas illustrate the usefulness of the test.
Effects of m6A RNA methylation regulators on endometrial cancer
Authors: Zhang Yanli , Yang Yingjie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe modification 6‐methyladenine (m6A) is the most common type in RNA methylation. Our study aims to explore the bioinformatic analysis of m6A in endometrial cancer.MethodsThe expression of 23 m6A RNA methylation regulators was compared through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database among 406 endometrial tissue and 19 normal tissue samples. The Wilcoxon test was applied to compare the relationship between the clinicopathological characteristics and expression. Cox regressions were performed to identify the prognostic factors associated with overall survival. Gene ontology (GO) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed to evaluate the potential pathways.ResultsYTHDF2, HNRNPA2B1, HDRNPA2B1, YTHDF1, FMR1, IGF2BP3, METTL13, RBM15B, IGF2BP1, YTHDF3, YTHDC1, ZC3H13 IGF2BP2, KIAA1429, METTL14, RBMX, FTO, ALKBH5, and METTL16 were significantly abnormally expressed in endometrial cancer tissue samples. Both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that age, grade, and risk score were independent risk factors. High expression of FTO was associated with worse overall survival.ConclusionM6A RNA methylation regulators play vital role in endometrial cancer.
The role of experiential avoidance in the relationship between traumatic distress and yearning in sudden and unexpected bereavement
Authors: Hardt Madeleine M. , Williams Joah L. , Jobe‐Shields Lisa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundDistressing preoccupation with the circumstances of the death, experiential avoidance, and yearning often manifest in pathological forms of grief following the sudden or unexpected death of a loved one. Traumatic distress—the emotional distress linked to circumstances or reminders of a death—often leads to avoidance behaviors, whereas yearning has been conceptualized as an emotional state which leads to proximity‐seeking behaviors following bereavement. A gap exists in the literature explaining how these variables may interact and perpetuate one another.AimsThe present study aims to examine the role of experiential avoidance in the relationship between traumatic distress and yearning in a sample of suddenly and unexpectedly bereaved young adults. Results suggest that the association between traumatic distress and yearning may be partially mediated by experiential avoidance. Implications of these findings for theoretical models of grief and yearning are discussed.Materials & MethodsData include a sample of 606 bereaved young adults (Mage = 21.25; 77.4% female) who participated in a larger, online survey study conducted at two universities in the United States exploring the prevalence of trauma exposure in college students.ResultsMediation analysis demonstrated experiential avoidance as partially mediating the relationship between traumatic distress and yearning (ab = .21, SE = .10, 95% CI [.02, .40]) when controlling for presence at the scene of death or injury. This indirect effect accounted for 11.67% of the total effect. An additional moderated mediation analysis indicated this indirect effect was present across all levels of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) symptom severity.DiscussionResults indicate that the association between traumatic distress and yearning may be partially mediated by experiential avoidance across all levels of PGD symptom severity.ConclusionFindings suggest that bereaved individuals experiencing recurrent, death‐related intrusive thoughts, imagery, and/or other memories related to the circumstances of the death may be more likely to experience intense yearning for the deceased in part due to attempts to avoid painful internal experiences associated with such cues.
Pembrolizumab for the treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy following anti‐CD19 CAR‐T therapy: a case report
Authors: Mackenzie Strachan , Shafat Manar , Roddy Harriet , Hyare Harpreet , Neill Lorna , Marzolini Maria A. V. , Gilhooley Michael , Marafioti Teresa , Kara Eleanna , Sanchez Emilie , Rees Jeremy , Lynch David S. , Thomson Kirsty , Ardeshna Kirit M. , Laurence Arian , Peggs Karl S. , O'Reilly Maeve , Roddie Claire 
Published: August 2021

AbstractProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an opportunistic brain infection with few treatment options and poor survival when reversal of the underlying immune dysfunction is not achievable. JC polyomavirus reactivation resulting in PML can rarely complicate chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell (CAR‐T) therapy. We describe successful treatment of PML with Programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) blockade using pembrolizumab, 4 months following axicabtagene ciloleucel. Radiological features of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome without clinical deterioration were seen. Evidence of anti‐viral immune reconstitution by in vitro detection of JC‐specific T‐cells and sustained neurological recovery in this patient suggest PD‐1 blockade may be an effective treatment approach for PML post‐CAR‐T.
Delayed surgical resection of primary left‐sided obstructing colon cancer is associated with improved short‐ and long‐term outcomes
Authors: de Roos Marnix A. J. , Hugen Niek , Hazebroek Eric J. , Spillenaar Bilgen Ernst J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIt is unclear what time interval is optimal between presentation and surgical resection of left‐sided obstructive colon cancer (LSOCC). This study aims to determine whether a time interval beyond 4 weeks is associated with a better outcome.Materials and MethodsConsecutive patients who underwent surgical resection of LSOCC between January 2010 and December 2019 were collected from a prospective database. Patients were divided into three groups: (1) Emergency resection (ER group), (2) surgery in less than 4 weeks (early group), and (3) surgery beyond 4 weeks (late group).ResultsThe ER group consisted of 74 (44.0%), the early group of 38 (22.6%), and the late group of 56 (33.3%) patients. Ninety‐day mortality was lower in the Late group than in the ER group and the early group (1.8% vs. 12.2%, p = 0.029 vs. 15.3%, p = 0.011). In the late group 5‐year recurrence‐free survival was better than in the early group (82.1% vs. 63.2%, p = 0.039) and 5‐year overall survival (OS) was better than in the ER group (75% vs. 51.4%, p = 0.021). Definitive surgical resection beyond 4 weeks was an independent prognostic factor for OS (Hazard ratio: 0.402, 95% CI: 0.204–0.793, p = 0.009).ConclusionIn this study surgical resection beyond 4 weeks after presentation seems to have a better short‐ and long‐term outcome for LSOCC.
Mid‐Infrared Single‐Photon Edge Enhanced Imaging Based on Nonlinear Vortex Filtering
Authors: Wang Yinqi , Fang Jianan , Zheng Tingting , Liang Yan , Hao Qiang , Wu E , Yan Ming , Huang Kun , Zeng Heping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEdge enhanced imaging via the spiral phase contrast enables to reveal the phase or amplitude gradients of a target, which has been proved useful in feature recognition, machine vision, and object identification. A long quest is to extend the operation wavelength into the mid‐infrared (MIR) region, as highly demanded in various fields including infrared sensing, astronomic observation, and biomedical diagnosis. Here, ultra‐sensitive MIR imaging at the single‐photon level based on nonlinear frequency upconversion is demonstrated, where the spectrally converted replica of the MIR object image at 3070 nm is captured by a silicon electron multiplying charged coupled device. The imaging sensitivity is significantly improved by the coincidence pulsed pumping with a spectro‐temporal optimization. Furthermore, the edge enhancement is realized by imprinting the spiral phase pattern of the pump onto the upconverted field at the Fourier plane within the nonlinear crystal. Such a nonlinear spatial filter not only provides an effective way to implement the required high‐fidelity vortex screening in the edge enhanced detection, but also renders the MIR illumination into a visible image in an efficient and low‐noise fashion. The presented system for MIR edge enhanced imaging might facilitate immediate applications in label‐free histopathological diagnosis and non‐destructive defect inspection.
Combined atomic and molecular (CAM) ionization with the liquid sampling‐atmospheric pressure glow discharge microplasma
Authors: Kenneth Marcus R. , Hoegg Edward D. , Hall Katja A. , Williams Tyler J. , Koppenaal David W. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn a world where information‐rich methods of analysis are often sought over those with superior figures of merit, there is a constant search for ionization methods which can be applied across diverse analytical systems. The liquid sampling‐atmospheric pressure glow discharge (LS‐APGD) is a microplasma device which has the inherent capabilities to operate as a combined atomic and molecular (CAM) ionization source. The plasma is sustained by placement of a high voltage (~500 V, dc) onto an electrolytic solution through which the analyte is generally delivered to the discharge. Judicious choice of the solvent provides a means of obtaining atomic/elemental and/or molecular mass spectra. Presented here are the diverse modes of sample introduction and mass spectrometer platforms to which the LS‐APGD has been interfaced. Likewise, representative spectra and figures of merit are presented towards elemental and isotope ratio measurements, as well as application to small organic molecules, organometallic complexes, and intact proteins. It is believed that the diversity of analytical applications and ready implementation across the entirety of mass spectrometry platforms portends a level of versatility not realized with other ionization sources.
MET D1228N and D1246N are the Same Resistance Mutation in MET Exon 14 Skipping
Authors: Tsai Jonathan M. , Hata Aaron N. , Lennerz Jochen K. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Comprehensive genetic profiling using next-generation sequencing technologies has become an integral part of precision oncology. Variant annotation requires translating the DNA findings into protein level predictions. In this article we highlight inconsistencies in variant annotation for the MET D1228N exon 19 resistance mutations. MET D1228N and D1246N represent the same resistance mutation in MET exon 14 skipping alterations annotated on different transcripts. Additional examples of relevant variants annotated on different transcripts emphasize the importance of avoiding erroneous interpretation when realizing precision oncology.
Rapid estimation of piperine in black pepper: Exploration of Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Sing Dilip , Jana Shibu Narayan , Banerjee Subhadip , Mallik Ranajoy , Majumdar Kalyan , Halder Pallab Kanti , Bandyopadhyay Amitabha , Sharma Nanaocha , Bandyoypadhyay Rajib , Mukherjee Pulok K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe major chemical marker of black pepper (Piper nigrum L) is piperine and its estimation is extremely important for quality assessment of black pepper. The methods for piperine quantification, to date, are laboratory based and use high end instruments like chromatographs, which require tedious sample processing and cause sample destruction.ObjectivesIn this article, we present a simple, rapid and green analytical method based on Raman spectroscopy for the quantitative assessment of piperine.Material and methodsTo assess the potential of the technique, we report the complete vibrational characterisation of the piperine with density functional theory (DFT) calculations.ResultsThe theoretical peaks were obtained at 1097 cm−1, 1388 cm−1, 1528 cm−1, 1578 cm−1, and at 1627 cm−1, and this result was verified in a Raman spectrometer followed by a preliminary experiment. Twenty black pepper samples were analysed using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and used as reference data for Raman analysis. The Raman shift spectra were analysed using partial least squares (PLS) and good prediction accuracy with correlation coefficient of prediction (Rp2) = 0.93, root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) = 0.13 and residual prediction deviation (RPD) = 3.9 obtained.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate the efficacy of the Raman technique for the estimation of piperine in the dry fruit of Piper nigrum.
Importance of human capital, field knowledge and experience to improve pest locust management
Authors: Gay Pierre‐Emmanuel , Trumper Eduardo , Lecoq Michel , Piou Cyril 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDA poorly organised risk management system may dysfunction when used. The consequences can be dramatic for those supposed to be protected. Since the 1960s, preventive control strategies, with field officers as living memory, have been developed to monitor locusts. Preserving their experience of past plagues is consequently essential. Wrong use of their knowledge can disrupt the whole management chain. We explored these conditions using a multi‐agent model representing a preventive system. We simulated how the field teams' tendency to repeatedly visit past outbreak areas (hotspots) by allocating them an attraction weight can help in preventing plagues.RESULTSWhen field teams' attention remained constant over time, there was dramatic decrease in the number of plagues, with increasing interest in hotspots, as long as interest was less than 2.5 times more than elsewhere. When the field teams were only attentive during recession times, plagues were better controlled using a low weight for hotspots. The spatial structure of hotspot distribution had an effect: the more frequent and the bigger the hotspots, the lower the optimal hotspot weighting needed to reduce plagues.CONCLUSIONOrienting surveys towards hotspots particularly during recession times reduces plagues. The spatial structure of locust habitats may influence the way they are managed. Habitats located outside the multiple hotspots of species such as the desert locust should be visited more frequently than those with only one hotspot, such as the South American locust. The decline/loss of the field officers' experience highlights the need to save, capitalise and disseminate this knowledge. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
COVID‐19 pneumonia suspected to be co‐infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae and improved by early administration of favipiravir and ciclesonide
Authors: Ito Keima , Yokoyama Takako , Horiuchi Minoru , Kato Munehiro , Usami Ikuji 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA female nurse in her 40s caring for a patient with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pneumonia treated with a high‐flow nasal cannula (HFNC) presented with fever, cough and dyspnoea. Based on imaging findings and a positive reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), COVID‐19 pneumonia was diagnosed, although her cohabiting family had similar symptoms and their RT‐PCR tests were negative. Laboratory results showed Mycoplasma antigen (+). She was started on ciclesonide 1200 μg/day and favipiravir (3600 mg/day on the first day and 1600 mg/day from Day 2). As Mycoplasma antigen was positive on admission and her family had similar symptoms, levofloxacin 500 mg/day was started. The patient recovered and was discharged on Day 10. The patient did not have Mycoplasma infection because the Mycoplasma antibody measured by particle agglutination (PA) method was increased only up to 80 times after 4 weeks. This case highlights that healthcare workers wearing full personal protective equipment can nevertheless acquire COVID‐19 from patients treated with HFNCs.
Corrosion assessment of ferrocement element with nanogeopolymer for marine application
Authors: Rajendran Mohana 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCorrosion is the major reason which limits the practical application of ferrocement structures in the marine environment. To protect the thin and strong wire mesh reinforcement, preventive methods are required to be employed. One of such methods implemented in this paper is novel application of geopolymer mortar on the surface of the wire mesh. The microstructural pores present in the highly durable fly ash based geopolymer mortar are further enhanced by using nanomodified fly ash particles to achieve the impermeable surfaces. Effect of alkaline solution concentration on the chloride ion penetration and corrosion has been investigated by using the different concentration of sodium hydroxide solution from 8 to 14 M. From the results, it is noted that for the geopolymer specimens, the chloride ions penetration values of 542.70 Coulombs is observed at 28 days which comes under the category of very low as per ASTM C1202‐10. The chloride ion penetration observed in geopolymer specimen is 17% lesser than ferrocement panel with conventional cement mortar. The time taken for cracking is delayed in the case of ferrocement panel with geopolymer mortar of 10 M concentrated sodium hydroxide solution by thrice the times of specimen with conventional cement mortar. This indicates that the incorporation of nanogeopolymer in ferrocement element not only increased the strength but also its serviceability against cracking and corrosion resulted in the extensive application of ferrocement construction in marine environment.