bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eculizumab in the Treatment of Aquaporin-4 Seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report
Authors: Digala Lakshmi , Katyal Nakul , Narula Naureen , Govindarajan Raghav 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To report the case of a 35-year-old woman with treatment-resistant aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) immunoglobulin G (IgG) seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) successfully treated with eculizumab (a terminal complement inhibitor).Methods: The investigational procedures and treatment regimens the patient received were documented over 8 years [2012 (first presentation) to 2020].Results: The patient presented with subacute onset of lower-limb weakness and numbness, gait imbalance, and urinary incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed abnormalities in the thoracic spine from T7 to T10, but brain and cervical spine scans, visual evoked potential latencies, and IgG index were normal; cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and oligoclonal bands were both present. After treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone 1 g/day for 5 days, the patient was discharged without medication to acute rehabilitation but experienced relapses from 2012 to 2014. She was treated with oral prednisone (initiated at 40 mg/day in 2014; the dose was halved in 2015 due to weight gain) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 1 g twice daily (from June 2015), but between 2014 and 2019 experienced 4–5 relapses/year, requiring treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone, with added maintenance plasma exchange from 2018 onwards. Although the patient tested negative for antibodies to AQP-4 and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, she was diagnosed with NMOSD in February 2017, based on recurrent episodes of longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis, MRI changes, and area postrema syndrome. By 2018 the patient needed a cane to walk. Prednisone and MMF were discontinued mid-2018, and rituximab was prescribed from July 2018 (maintenance regimen two 1 g doses 2 weeks apart every 6 months) but discontinued in July 2019 owing to lack of significant improvement. From July 2019 eculizumab was prescribed for 6 months (900 mg weekly for the first four doses, then 1200 mg every 2 weeks). The patient had no relapses or adverse events during and after eculizumab treatment (as of August 2020) and was able to walk unaided; her Expanded Disability Status Scale score improved from 4–5 during 2015–2018 to 2 in 2020 following eculizumab treatment.Conclusion: Eculizumab shows promise as a treatment for AQP-4 IgG-seronegative NMOSD and further studies are warranted.
Expression of Oligodendrocyte and Oligoprogenitor Cell Proteins in Frontal Cortical White and Gray Matter: Impact of Adolescent Development and Ethanol Exposure
Authors: Liu Wen , Rohlman Aaron R. , Vetreno Ryan , Crews Fulton T. 
Published: May 2021

Adolescent development of prefrontal cortex (PFC) parallels maturation of executive functions as well as increasing white matter and myelination. Studies using MRI and other methods find that PFC white matter increases across adolescence into adulthood in both humans and rodents. Adolescent binge drinking is common and has been found to alter adult behaviors and PFC functions. This study examines development of oligoprogenitor (OPC) and oligodendrocytes (OLs) in Wistar rats from adolescence to adulthood within PFC white matter, corpus callosum forceps minor (fmi), PFC gray matter, and the neurogenic subventricular zone (SVZ) using immunohistochemistry for marker proteins. In addition, the effects of adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure [AIE; 5.0 g/kg/day, intragastric, 2 days on/2 days off on postnatal day (P)25–54], which is a weekend binge drinking model, were determined. OPC markers NG2+, PDGFRα+ and Olig2+IHC were differentially impacted by both age and PFC region. In both fmi and SVZ, NG2+IHC cells declined from adolescence to adulthood with AIE increasing adult NG2+IHC cells and their association with microglial marker Iba1. PFC gray matter decline in NG2+IHC in adulthood was not altered by AIE. Both adult maturation and AIE impacted OL expression of PLP+, MBP+, MAG+, MOG+, CNPase+, Olig1+, and Olig2+IHC in all three PFC regions, but in region- and marker-specific patterns. These findings are consistent with PFC region-specific changes in OPC and OL markers from adolescence to adulthood as well as following AIE that could contribute to lasting changes in PFC function.
Proteasome Inhibition Suppresses KIT-Independent Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Via Targeting Hippo/YAP/Cyclin D1 Signaling
Authors: Chen Ting , Ni Nan , Yuan Li , Xu Liangliang , Bahri Nacef , Sun Boshu , Wu Yuehong , Ou Wen-Bin 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin of the digestive tract. A yet more challenging resistance mechanism involves transition from oncogenic KIT to a new imatinib-insensitive oncogenic driver, heralded by loss of KIT expression. Our recent studies have shown that inhibition of cyclin D1 and Hippo signaling, which are overexpressed in KIT-independent GIST, is accompanied by anti-proliferative and apoptosis-promoting effects. PRKCQ, JUN, and the Hippo/YAP pathway coordinately regulate GIST cyclin D1 expression. Thus, targeting of these pathways could be effective therapeutically for these now untreatable tumors.Methods: Targeting cyclin D1 expression of small molecular drugs was screened by a cell monolayer growth and western blotting. The biologic mechanisms of bortezomib to KIT-independent GISTs were assessed by immunoblotting, qRT-PCR, cell viability, colony growth, cell cycle analysis, apoptosis, migration and invasiveness.Results: In the initial small molecular inhibitor screening in KIT-independent GIST62, we found that bortezomib-mediated inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery showed anti-proliferative effects of KIT-independent GIST cells via downregulation of cyclin D1 and induction of p53 and p21. Treatment with proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, led to downregulation of cyclin D1 and YAP/TAZ and an increase in the cleaved PARP expression in three KIT-independent GIST cell lines (GIST48B, GIST54, and GIST226). Additionally, it induced p53 and p21 expression in GIST48B and GIST54, increased apoptosis, and led to cell cycle G1/G2-phase arrest, decreased cell viability, colony formation, as well as migration and invasiveness in all GIST cell lines.Conclusion: Although our findings are early proof-of-principle, there are signs of a potential effective treatment for KIT-independent GISTs, the data highlight that targeting of cyclin D1 and Hippo/YAP by bortezomib warrants evaluation as a novel therapeutic strategy in KIT-independent GISTs.
The Relative Effects of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on the Recruitment of Freshwater Mussels (Margaritifera laevis)
Authors: Kawajiri Keita , Ishiyama Nobuo , Miura Kazuki , Terui Akira , Sueyoshi Masanao , Nakamura Futoshi 
Published: May 2021

Freshwater mussels, Unionoida, are endangered across the globe due to recruitment failure. In the present study, with general linear mixed models, we investigated the relative effects of biotic (host fish density) and abiotic (water depth, fine sediment, water temperature, and water quality) factors on the recruitment of Margaritifera laevis in 10 streams of Hokkaido, northern Japan. We additionally examined the factors regulating the density of the host fish Oncorhynchus masou masou with general linear models. The proportion of juvenile mussels had a unimodal relationship with the host density, which was the most influential factor among the others examined. The positive relationship between mussel recruitment and host density can be attributed to an increased host fish infection rate. The negative correlation between mussel recruitment and host density at high fish densities may be due to reduced larval growth on host fish that are in poor physical condition. We also found that host fish density was negatively affected by nutrient enrichment. Our results suggest that mitigating water quality degradation to recover host fish density should be prioritized to improve mussel recruitment. Although stock enhancement is effective for increasing the salmon population density, excess stocking can further disturb mussel recruitment.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DENGAN MEKANISME KOPING PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISA DI RUANGAN HEMODIALISA RUMAH SAKIT GRANDMED LUBUK PAKAM
Authors: Sitepu Sari Desi Esta Ulina , Viaulina Ade , Sipayung Selamat Tuahta , Simarmata Pratiwi Christa , Br Ginting Junita Ika Susanti 
Published: May 2021

Chronic renal failure is a disorder in which the body’s ability renal function failed to maintain metabolism, fluid and electrolyte balance. Hemodialysis is a process used patients in a state of acute illness requiring long-term therapy. The patients with renal failure often experience fear because of the conditions they experienced pain this can be a physical stressor that can lead patients to levels of stress and anxiety. Research design using cross- sectional. The population includes hemodialysis patients of Grandmed Hospital Lubuk Pakam. Samples consisting of 43 respondents meeting inclusion criteria were selected using purposive sampling method.This study presented based on the frequency and characteristics of respondents with results of the appointment that anxiety levels can be categorized as mild anxiety (18,6%), moderate anxiety ( 41,9%), and severe anxiety (39,5%). For coping mechanisme of adaptive coping (39,5%) and maladaptive coping (60,5%) category. Analysis of this research data using chi-Square. The results showed that there was an association of anxiety level with coping mechanism in patients with chronic renal failure who underwent hemodialysis at Grandmed Hospital Lubuk Pakam with p = 0,031. The more adaptive the respondent’s clutch the lighter the level of anxiety experienced. The results of this study was expected to nurse or hemodialysis officers further improve the provision of counseling to patients hemodialysis so that patients are able use adaptive coping in the face of anxiety.
ANALISIS FAKTOR - FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI IBU HAMIL TERHADAP PEMERIKSAAN ANTENATAL CARE (ANC) SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PUSKESMAS TALUN KENAS TAHUN 2020
Authors: Sinambela Megawati , Solina Eva 
Published: May 2021

Pemeriksaan Antenatal Care (ANC) merupakan pemeriksaan dengan tujuan mengoftimalkan kesehatan mental dan fisik ibu hamil untuk menghadapi persalinan, masa nifas, menyusui sampai kembalinya kesehatan reproduksi. Khususnya pada masa pendemi Covid-19 pemeriksaan Antenatal Care (ANC) harus tetap dilaksakan untuk memantau kesehatan ibu dan bayi. Dalam pemeriksaan Antenatal Care (ANC) ini ada faktor yang mempengaruhinya yaitu : umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan, pemgetahuan, dan sikap. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ibu hamil terhadap pemeriksaan Antenatal Care (ANC) selama pandemi Covid-19 di Puskesmas Talun Kenas Tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi antara variabel bebas dan variabel terikat dalam melakukan pemeriksaan Antenatal Care (ANC) selama pandemi Covid-19 di Puskesmas Talun Kenas Tahun 2020. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu hamil TM 3 yang berada di Pusksmas Talun Kenas berjumlah 153 orang, sampel berjumlah 60 orang dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian didapat variebel yang berpengaruh terhadap pemeriksaan Antenatal Care (ANC) selama pandemi Covid-19 adalah : umur (p value = 0,002), pendidikan (p value = 0,004), pekerjaan (p value = 0,002), pengetahuan ( p value = 0,000), sikap (p value = 0,001). Disarankan kepada responden agar tetap melakukan pemeriksaa Antenatal Care (ANC) selama pandemi Covid-19 dengan mematuhi protokol kesehatan dan bagi tenaga kesehatan agar tetap melakukan pemantauan dan kunjungan rumah ibu hamil
Epidemiologia de los trastornos mentales en el Hospital Universitario Hernando Moncaleano Perdomo (2017-2018).
Authors: Alvis-Peña Diego Julián , Gonzales-Ceron Julieth , Valero-Granados Leonardo Mauricio , Calderón-Franco Carlos Hernán , Alvis-Peña María Paula , Peña-Mazabel Oriana Sofia 
Published: May 2021

Introducción: Salud mental se define como un estado de bienestar en el cual el individuo es consciente de sus propias capacidades, puede afrontar las actividades cotidianas de la vida, laborar de forma productiva y es capaz de hacer una contribución a su comunidad; al mismo tiempo la salud mental es algo más que la ausencia de trastornos mentales es parte integral de la salud. En Colombia el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social ,el plan decenal de salud pública 2012-2021; dentro del marco de la Ley 1751 de 2015- la ley Estatutaria en Salud-, secundario a las inequidades en los servicio de salud, el ministerio bajo la ley 1751 construye la Política de Atención integral en Salud y el modelo de atención integral en salud como alternativa para la solución de problemas y para ello retoma estrategias como la APS con enfoque familiar y comunitario, el cuidado y gestión integral del riesgo y el enfoque diferencial. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal con temporalidad retrospectiva de los pacientes con trastornos mentales en un periodo comprendido entre 2017-2018 en el municipio de Neiva Huila, en el Hospital Universitario Hernando Moncaleano Perdomo. Resultados: La depresión fue la patología más prevalente con un 24,16%, seguida por la esquizofrenia con un 14,62%. El promedio de edad fue de 36 años, la mayor frecuencia fue en el género masculino con el 55,32%, con una razón hombre-mujer de 1,23. El servicio donde atendieron a la mayor población psiquiátrica fue por consulta externa con un porcentaje de 62,94%. Conclusiones: Los trastornos mentales y del comportamiento son un problema creciente en salud mental a nivel global, nacional y regional aunado a ello el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas como patología dual incrementa el riesgo de padecer patologías psiquiátricas. Esta caracterización interna, nos ha permitido entender que las proyecciones escandalosas de Goldberg y Huxley son una realidad, que se calcan en el Departamento del Huila, y que nuestra Unidad Mental se convierte solo en un grano de arena en el desierto.
The rendement of boiled water extract of mature leaves of mangrove Sonneratia alba
Authors: Senduk Toar Waraney , Montolalu Lita A. D. Y. , Dotulong Verly 
Published: May 2021

Sonneratia alba is a mangrove that is found in North Sulawesi and has been known to contain bioactive substances through researches. Rendement is the ratio of the dry weight of the extract to the amount of the raw material. Rendement value is related to the amount of bioactive content contained. The higher the rendement, the higher the bioactive componds contain in sample. The purpose of this study was to obtain the rendement value of Sonneratia alba leaves extract taken from Wori Village, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province which was extracted using the infundation method with extraction time of 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 40 minutes, 50 minutes at boiling water solvent. Sample comparison of 50 gr : 3000 mL solvent (1:60 w / v). The results showed the lowest rendement in the 10 minutes treatment was 18.34% and the highest was in the 50 minutes treatment 29.76%. The rendement of leaves extract of this study has the possibility of qualitatively containing bioactive compounds that can act as antibacterial and antioxidant. Overall, it can be concluded that the extraction time affects the rendement, where the longer the extraction time, the higher the rendement.Key words: Rendement, Sonneratia alba, old leaf, infundation AbstrakSonneratia alba merupakan salah satu jenis mangrove yang banyak di temukan di Sulawesi Utara dan sudah dikenal mengandung zat-zat bioaktif melalui hasil-hasil penelitian. Rendemen adalah perbandingan berat kering ekstrak dengan jumlah bahan baku. Nilai rendemen berkaitan dengan banyaknya kandungan bioaktif yang terkandung. Semakin tinggi rendemen maka semakin tinggi kandungan zat yang tertarik ada pada suatu bahan baku. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan rendemen ekstrak daun tua Sonneratia alba yang diambil dari Desa Wori, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara yang diesktrak menggunakan metode infundasi dengan waktu ekstraksi yaitu 10 menit, 20 menit, 30 menit, 40 menit, 50 menit pada pelarut air mendidih. Perbandingan sampel 50 gr : 3000 mL pelarut (1:60 b/v). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rendemen terendah pada perlakuan 10 menit yakni 18,34% dan tertinggi pada perlakuan 50 menit 29,76%. Rendemen ekstrak daun tua penelitian ini memiliki kemungkinan secara kualitatif mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang dapat berperan sebagai antibakteri dan antioksidan. Secara keseluruhan disimpulkan bahwa lama waktu ekstraksi berpengaruh terhadap rendemen, dimana semakin lama waktu ekstraksi maka semakin tinggi rendemen.Kata kunci : Rendemen, Sonneratia alba, daun tua, infundasi
ANALISIS FAKTOR KINERJA ORGANISASI BADAN KESATUAN BANGSA DAN POLITIK KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Puri Aninda , Putri S Hafidha , Nurshabrina Adita , Hardjati Susi 
Published: May 2021

This study aims to analyze performance and determine organizational performance factors in the National and Political Unity Body of Semarang City. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. Qualitative data were obtained through various kinds of data collection techniques, including through interviews, document analysis, literature study and selection of informants using purposive techniques, the quality of the data was tested using the Triangulation Technique. In this study, innovation as a process of organizational learning and knowledge creation related to organizational capacity to respond to environmental changes. This research is based on the application of Organizational Ecology Theory and The Punctuation Model and Theory of Strategic Adaptation and Sustainable Change. Based on this theory, organizational innovation can be generated by technological innovation and increased organizational learning capacity and transformation. The results of the study explained that the organizational performance of the National Unity and Political Body of the City of Semarang was not optimal, so there was still much that needed to be improved so that the public's assessment of the level of performance of the office organization would increase.
Estimation error in sound velocity depending on size of target scatterer
Authors: Nakayama Aoi , Mori Shohei , Arakawa Mototaka , Kanai Hiroshi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The quality of ultrasonic images can be improved by estimating the sound velocity accurately. Our previous study proposed a method to estimate the sound velocity based on the difference between the reception times of radiofrequency signals received by elements in an ultrasonic probe. Because the method assumed an ideal point scatterer as the target, the estimation error in the sound velocity increased with an increase in the target scatterer size. In the present study, the effect of the target scatterer size on the estimation method was examined, and the relationship between the size of the target scatterer and the estimation error in the sound velocity was quantified. Through simulations and basic experiments, it was confirmed that the estimation error was caused by the change in the reception time from the target surface and that the estimation error depended on the depth and size of the target scatterer.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KETIDAKTERCAPAIAN PROGRAM IMUNISASI DPT
Authors: Tarigan Suci Nanda Resti , Manik Lovina 
Published: May 2021

Imunisasi dalam sistem kesehatan nasional merupakan salah satu bentuk intervensi kesehatan yang sangat efektif dalam upaya menurunkan angka kematian bayi dan balita. Difteri masih menjadi masalah di dunia. Indonesia menempati urutan kedua insiden difteri terbanyak di bandingkan Negara anggota SEARO lainnya. Provinsi Aceh 33%, kasus difteri di temukan pada tahun 2012 sebanyak 16 kasus dan 4 orang antaranya meninggal, yang berasal dari kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu-ibu yang mempunyai bayi 0-11 bulan di Desa Tanah Bara Kabupaten Aceh Singkil yang berjumlah sebanyak 42 responden. Sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan pengetahuan ibu, sikap ibu, dukungan keluarga, jarak rumah ketempat pelayanan Kesehatan dan peran petugas Kesehatan dengan ketidaktercapaian program imunisasi DPT di Desa Tanah Bara Kabupaten Aceh Singkil Tahun 2019. Kesimpulannya adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan ibu, sikap ibu, dukungan keluarga, jarak rumah ketempat pelayanan kesehatan dan peran petugas pelayanan kesehatan dengan ketidaktercapaian program imunisasi DPT Di Desa Tanah Bara Kabupaten Aceh Singkil Tahun 2019. Saran memberikan pengetahuan dan wawasan bagi ibu yang mempunyai bayi tentang imunisasi dan jadwal pemberian imunisasi di posyandu.
Abordagem Indígena sobre Manejo Integrado do Fogo em Terras Indígenas no Estado do Tocantins – Brasil
Authors: Xerente Pedro Paulo Gomes da Silva , Oliveira Rejane Carneiro Salvador de 
Published: May 2021

O manejo integrado do fogo (MIF) pode ser uma abordagem nova para algumas pessoas e instituições públicas no Brasil, no entanto é prática comum nas comunidades das terras indígenas (TIs) Parque do Araguaia e Xerente, no estado do Tocantins. Estas manejam secularmente o fogo para reduzir o material combustível acumulado nas paisagens do Cerrado, garantir a frutificação das principais espécies nativas utilizadas em sua alimentação, caçar, confeccionar rota de fuga para os animais em caso de incêndios e para limpeza de roça e de áreas ao redor das aldeias. Unir esse conhecimento tradicional às diretrizes de atuação das instituições públicas representa um grande desafio no processo de construção do aprender a valorizar e respeitar o outro. Este seria o ponto de partida para construir estratégias que abarquem conhecimentos, técnicas e experiências almejando a harmonia entre os envolvidos, a preservação ambiental, a conservação dos patrimônios naturais e da biodiversidade existentes nas Terras Indígenas. O presente estudo traz a abordagem indígena sobre utilização do conhecimento tradicional sobre uso do fogo no âmbito do manejo integrado do fogo e do Programa de Brigadas Federais do Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (Ibama), executado pelo Centro Nacional de Prevenção e Combate aos Incêndios Florestais (Prevfogo) nas TIs Parque do Araguaia e Xerente. O objetivo foi auxiliar a sociedade na compreensão do processo de integração entre instituição pública e comunidades indígenas na busca por melhorar a prevenção aos incêndios florestais e diminuir sua severidade nas terras indígenas.