bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obturator Oblique and Pubic Ramus Inlet Views Can Better Guide the Insertion of an Anterior Column Acetabular Screw
Authors: Wang Xingui , Ran Guangyuan , Chen Xiaojun , Jia Huiyang , Liu Zhongju , Sun Changsheng , Ma Lijie , Hou Zhiyong 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveThe objective of the present paper was to investigate the value of obturator oblique and pubic ramus inlet views in guiding anterior column acetabular screw insertion.MethodsWe collected pelvic CT scans at the diagnostic imaging center of our hospital between 2017 and 2019. Virtual three‐dimensional (3D) models of the pelvis were created based on the CT scans. Then the transparency was adjusted to 30%. Two identical copies of the 3D model data were made. 3D model replications were divided into a control group and an experimental group. In the control group, the screw was inserted into the anterior acetabular column using obturator‐outlet and iliac‐inlet views. In the experimental group, the screw was guided under obturator oblique and pubic ramus inlet views. Based on whether the screw penetrated the hip joint and/or exited the pubic ramus, models were divided into three grades. Grade I: the screw travels completely within the anterior column bone corridor; Grade II: the screw exits the superior pubic ramus, but the length of the screw outside the channel does not exceed 1/2 of the anterior column; Grade III: the screw exits the superior pubic ramus and the length of the screw outside the corridor exceeds 1/2 of the anterior column. We compared the screw placement quality of the two groups and analyzed differences between genders. In addition, the distance between the screws and the acetabulum was recorded and compared among the two groups.ResultsA total of 110 hemipelves were selected, including those of 80 men and 30 women, with an average age of 46.76 ± 14.26 years. In the control group, the screw quality of 64 models (58.2%) was Grade I. In the experimental group, 94 models (85.5%) had Grade I screw placement quality. Grade II screw placement quality accounted for 18.2% of the control group and 7.3% of the experimental group. In the control and the experimental groups, there were 26 and 8 cases with Grade III screw placement quality, respectively. The quality of screw placement in the experimental group was significantly better than that in control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The distance between the screw and the acetabulum in the control group and experimental group was 0.92 ± 0.49 mm and 2.78 ± 1.15 mm, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant.ConclusionAnterior column acetabular screws can be inserted successfully and more accurately using the obturator oblique and pubic ramus inlet views.
Key values for democratic governance innovation: Two traditions and a synthesis
Authors: Hendriks Frank 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article advances our understanding of the key values for democratic‐governance innovation by integrating two important, yet divergent, discourses—the one on democratic innovations, the other on governance innovations—thus capitalizing on their mutually reinforcing potential. The result is an integrative framework of core values, related normative coordinates, and key questions for improving democratic governance. The integrative values framework refines our understanding of the fundamental value diversity surrounding democratic governance innovation, and facilitates, as a sensitizing framework, critical analysis, evaluation, and design thinking. The values framework integrates core values—inclusiveness, efficaciousness, appropriateness, resilience, and counterbalance—which are complementary but not without friction. Mindfulness of the fundamental value diversity is critical for handling democratic governance innovation in a more encompassing value‐sensitive way. For realistically applying the values framework, acknowledging the complementarities and tensions between core values, roads ahead are discussed stressing necessarily open and situated conversations.
Examining the social origins and young adult life trajectories of high traditional masculinity (HTM) males: A group at elevated suicide risk
Authors: Feigelman William , Coleman Daniel , Rosen Zohn 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated whether male high school students displaying high traditional masculinity (HTM), defined briefly as overacting male roles, possessed distinctive social origins and adult lifestyle trajectories differentiating them from others.MethodBased upon four survey waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health cross‐linked to the National Death Index, we contrasted surveys 1 and 2 respondents reporting HTM, n = 3138, 31%, with the remaining 69% (n = 6849) on various sociodemographic characteristics, problem behaviors, suicides, and other premature mortalities.ResultsHigh traditional masculinity males showed higher suicide rates, but no other differences in premature mortalities, compared with non‐HTM peers. More likely to be White, younger, less close to their fathers, they were more likely to run away from home, get into fights, act delinquently, and engage in problem drinking and drug use. At survey wave 3, more had been arrested. By wave 4, when approaching their early thirties, HTM males showed higher drug uses, more delinquency, completed less schooling, and were less likely to marry.ConclusionsThese data not only suggest higher suicide risks among this population after high school, but judging from the durability of HTM characteristics, but also they appear at risk of “deaths of despair” during later life.
A New Argument for Goldman and Olsson's Solution to the Extra‐Value‐of‐Knowledge Problem
Authors: Koscholke Jakob 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAccording to Goldman and Olsson's so‐called conditional probability solution to the extra‐value‐of‐knowledge problem, knowledge is more valuable than mere true belief because having the former makes the acquisition of further similar true beliefs in the future more likely than having the latter does. Unfortunately, however, several philosophers have rejected the comparative probability claim Goldman and Olsson's solution is based on. In this paper, I present a new argument in defence of this claim. More precisely, I point out a highly plausible necessary and sufficient condition for the latter and argue for its truth by bringing together confirmation‐theoretic and reliabilist considerations. I also explain where a number of objections against Goldman and Olsson's probabilistic claim seem to go wrong.
Subtyping Blastocystis in pigs and humans revealed unusual avian‐specific subtype ST6 in humans in Serbia
Authors: Süli Tamás , Kozoderović Gordana , Potkonjak Aleksandar , Vidanović Dejan , Tešović Bojana , Vračar Vuk , Miladinović Tasić Nataša , Stensvold Christen Rune , Lalošević Vesna 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBlastocystis is a common protist colonizing the gastrointestinal tract of humans and various animals. The first subtyping of Blastocystis isolates in pigs and humans in Serbia revealed unusual avian‐specific subtype ST6 in humans. In total, 48 pig faecal specimens collected on seven pig farms and 50 human faecal specimens positive to Blastocystis by microscopic examination were selected for the study. Eleven randomly selected PCR‐positive pig samples and 10 samples from human patients (with gastrointestinal complaints) were subjected to SSU rDNA sequencing. Three subtypes were identified (ST3, ST5 and ST6) by phylogenetic analysis. ST5 was found in all pig samples; while in human samples, we detected ST3 and ST6. The latter subtype is relatively uncommon in Europe and highly adapted to avian hosts; therefore, the possibility of sporadic zoonotic transmission to human patients should not be ignored.
The susceptibility of the rat pulmonary and caval vein myocardium to the catecholamine‐induced ectopy changes oppositely in postnatal development
Authors: Kuzmin Vlad S. , Ivanova Alexandra D. , Potekhina Viktoria M. , Samoilova Daria V. , Ushenin Konstantin S. , Shvetsova Anastasia A. , Petrov Alexey M. 
Published: April 2021

Key points
The developmental changes of the caval (SVC) and pulmonary vein (PV) myocardium electrophysiology are traced throughout postnatal ontogenesis.
The myocardium in SVC as well as in PV demonstrate age‐dependent differences in the ability to maintain resting membrane potential, to manifest automaticity in a form of ectopic action potentials in basal condition and in responses to the adrenergic stimulation.
Electrophysiological characteristics of two distinct types of thoracic vein myocardium change in an opposite manner during early postnatal ontogenesis with increased proarrhythmicity of pulmonary and decreased automaticity in caval veins.
Predisposition of PV cardiac tissue to proarrhythmycity develops during ontogenesis in time correlation with the establishment of sympathetic innervation of the tissue.
The electrophysiological properties of caval vein cardiac tissue shift from a pacemaker‐like phenotype to atrial phenotype in accompaniment with sympathetic nerve growth and adrenergic receptor expression changes.
AbstractThe thoracic vein myocardium is considered as a main source for atrial fibrillation initiation due to its high susceptibility to ectopic activity. The mechanism by which and when pulmonary (PV) and superior vena cava (SVC) became proarrhythmic during postnatal ontogenesis is still unknown. In this study, we traced postnatal changes of electrophysiology in a correlation with the sympathetic innervation and adrenergic receptor distribution to reveal developmental differences in proarrhythmicity occurrence in PV and SVC myocardium. A standard microelectrode technique was used to assess the changes in ability to maintain resting membrane potential (RMP), generate spontaneous action potentials (SAP) and adrenergically induced ectopy in multicellular SVC and PV preparations of rats of different postnatal ages. Immunofluorescence imaging was used to trace postnatal changes in sympathetic innervation, β1‐ and α1A‐adrenergic receptor (AR) distribution.We revealed that the ability to generate SAP and susceptibility to adrenergic stimulation changes during postnatal ontogenesis in an opposite manner in PV and SVC myocardium. While SAP occurrence decreases with age in SVC myocardium, it significantly increases in PV cardiac tissue. PV myocardium starts to demonstrate RMP instability and proarrhythmic activity from the 14th day of postnatal life which correlates with the appearance of the sympathetic innervation of the thoracic veins. In addition, postnatal attenuation of SVC myocardium automaticity occurs concomitantly with sympathetic innervation establishment and increase in β1‐ARs, but not α1A‐AR levels. Our results support the contention that SVC and PV myocardium electrophysiology change during postnatal development, resulting in higher PV proarrhythmicity in adults.
Domestic microwave assisted one-step co-precipitation of Ag–CuO nanocomposite of Cu/Ag ratio optimized for photocatalysis and comparison with blending CuO with Ag nanoparticles
Authors: Emara Mahmoud Mohamed , Ahmed Shaimaa Khamis , El-Dissouky Ali 
Published: April 2021

The Ag–CuO metal–semiconductor nanocomposite (NC) is an important component in various nanomaterial-based applications. Several approaches have been studied to facilitate its synthesis. However, most of them encounter some drawbacks. In the present work, we show the synthesis of Ag–CuO NCs through one-pot co-precipitation with the aid of simple starting chemicals and measures including metal nitrates, hexamine, agar, and domestic microwave heating. Photocatalyzed degradation of Congo Red in addition to the structural and optical characteristics show that this method is successful in production of the Schottky barrier in Ag–CuO NCs with improved photocatalytic activity (PCA). Changing the Cu content shows that the NC is not successfully formed at low Cu mol%. Consequently, the PCA of Ag–CuO of low Cu (2%–6%) lies within 4.5 × 10−4 – 5.1 × 10−4 min−1, which is even lower than those of plain Ag and CuO nanoparticles (6.0 × 10−4 – 8.1 × 10−4 min−1, respectively). 60 mol% was the optimum Cu content with the highest PCA (18.8 × 10−4 min−1). Blending plain Ag and CuO nanoparticles to mimic the co-precipitated 60 mol% Ag–CuO showed very low PCA, even lower than the plain Ag and CuO, which once again confirms the efficiency of the simple one-pot co-precipitation approach in producing Ag–CuO with the Schottky barrier and promoted PCA.
Parallel Execution of Programs as a Support for Mutation Testing: A Replication Study
Authors: Delamaro Márcio E. , Andrade Stevão A. , de Souza Simone R. S. , de Souza Paulo S. L. 
Published: April 2021

Mutation testing is well known as one of the most effective approaches to create test cases, which can detect software faults. However, its drawback is the low scalability — if no special attention is given to improve efficiency — that directly affects its application in practice. This paper shows a replication study focused on emphasizing evidence in which the use of distributed processing structures can improve mutation testing. For this purpose, an architecture that enables mutation testing concurrent execution was designed. Five load balancing algorithms responsible for controlling the distribution and execution of data while carrying out mutation testing were evaluated. Experiments were conducted in order to evaluate the scalability and performance of the architecture considering homogeneous and heterogeneous setups. A time reduction of 50% was observed when executing mutants in parallel in relation to the conventional sequential application of mutation testing. The performance gain was above 95% when there was a higher number of nodes in the distributed architecture.
The Anti-HER3 mAb Seribantumab Effectively Inhibits Growth of Patient-Derived and Isogenic Cell Line and Xenograft Models with Oncogenic NRG1 Fusions
Authors: Odintsov Igor , Lui Allan J.W. , Sisso Whitney J. , Gladstone Eric , Liu Zebing , Delasos Lukas , Kurth Renate I. , Sisso Exequiel M. , Vojnic Morana , Khodos Inna , Mattar Marissa S. , de Stanchina Elisa , Leland Shawn M. , Ladanyi Marc , Somwar Romel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Oncogenic fusions involving the neuregulin 1 (NRG1) gene are found in approximately 0.2% of cancers of diverse histologies. The resulting chimeric NRG1 proteins bind predominantly to HER3, leading to HER3-HER2 dimerization and activation of downstream growth and survival pathways. HER3 is, therefore, a rational target for therapy in NRG1 fusion–driven cancers.

Experimental Design:
We developed novel patient-derived and isogenic models of NRG1-rearranged cancers and examined the effect of the anti-HER3 antibody, seribantumab, on growth and activation of signaling networks in vitro and in vivo.

Results:
Seribantumab inhibited NRG1-stimulated growth of MCF-7 cells and growth of patient-derived breast (MDA-MB-175-VII, DOC4-NRG1 fusion) and lung (LUAD-0061AS3, SLC3A2-NRG1 fusion) cancer cells harboring NRG1 fusions or NRG1 amplification (HCC-95). In addition, seribantumab inhibited growth of isogenic HBEC cells expressing a CD74-NRG1 fusion (HBECp53-CD74-NRG1) and induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-175-VII and LUAD-0061AS3 cells. Induction of proapoptotic proteins and reduced expression of the cell-cycle regulator, cyclin D1, were observed in seribantumab-treated cells. Treatment of MDA-MB-175-VII, LUAD-0061AS3, and HBECp53-CD74-NRG1 cells with seribantumab reduced phosphorylation of EGFR, HER2, HER3, HER4, and known downstream signaling molecules, such as AKT and ERK1/2. Significantly, administration of seribantumab to mice bearing LUAD-0061AS3 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and OV-10-0050 (ovarian cancer with CLU-NRG1 fusion) PDX tumors induced regression of tumors by 50%–100%. Afatinib was much less effective at blocking tumor growth.

Conclusions:
Seribantumab treatment blocked activation of the four ERBB family members and of downstream signaling, leading to inhibition of NRG1 fusion–dependent tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo in breast, lung, and ovarian patient-derived cancer models.
Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: Association With Exercise Exposure, Genetic Basis, and Prognosis
Authors: Lie Øyvind H. , Chivulescu Monica , Rootwelt‐Norberg Christine , Ribe Margareth , Bogsrud Martin Prøven , Lyseggen Erik , Beitnes Jan Otto , Almaas Vibeke , Haugaa Kristina H. 
Published: April 2021

Background
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is characterized by biventricular dysfunction, exercise intolerance, and high risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden death. Predisposing factors for left ventricular (LV) disease manifestation and its prognostic implication in AC are poorly described. We aimed to assess the associations of exercise exposure and genotype with LV dysfunction in AC, and to explore the impact of LV disease progression on adverse arrhythmic outcome.

Methods and Results

We included 168 patients with AC (50% probands, 45% women, 40±16 years old) with 715 echocardiographic exams (4.1±1.7 exams/patient, follow‐up 7.6 [interquartile range (IQR), 5.4–10.9] years) and complete exercise and genetic data in a longitudinal study. LV function by global longitudinal strain was −18.8% [IQR, −19.2% to −18.3%] at presentation and was worse in patients with greater exercise exposure (global longitudinal strain worsening, 0.09% [IQR, 0.01%–0.17%] per 5 MET‐hours/week,
P
=0.02). LV function by global longitudinal strain worsened, with 0.08% [IQR, 0.05%–0.12%] per year; (
P
<0.001), and progression was most evident in patients with desmoplakin genotype (
P
for interaction <0.001). Deterioration of LV function predicted incident ventricular tachyarrhythmia (aborted cardiac arrest, sustained ventricular tachycardia, or implantable cardioverter defibrillator shock) (adjusted odds ratio, 1.1 [IQR, 1.0–1.3] per 1% worsening by global longitudinal strain;
P
=0.02, adjusted for time and previous arrhythmic events).

Conclusions
Greater exercise exposure was associated with worse LV function at first visit of patients with AC but did not significantly affect the rate of LV progression during follow‐up. Progression of LV dysfunction was most pronounced in patients with desmoplakin genotypes. Deterioration of LV function during follow‐up predicted subsequent ventricular tachyarrhythmia and should be considered in risk stratification.
Survival Following Edge‐to‐Edge Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock: A Nationwide Analysis
Authors: Tang Gilbert H. L. , Estevez‐Loureiro Rodrigo , Yu Yang , Prillinger Julie B. , Zaid Syed , Psotka Mitchell A. 
Published: April 2021

Background
Edge‐to‐edge transcatheter mitral valve repair as salvage therapy in high surgical risk patients with severe mitral regurgitation presenting with cardiogenic shock (CS) has been described in small case series, but large clinical results have not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve repair with MitraClip in patients with mitral regurgitation and CS using a large national database.

Methods and Results

From January 2014 to March 2019, we identified hospitalizations for CS in patients with mitral valve disease using data from Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Those with a prior surgical or percutaneous mitral valve intervention were excluded. We compared survival between patients who underwent MitraClip during the index hospitalization and those who did not using propensity‐matched analysis. The analysis included 38 166 patients (mean age, 71±11 years, 41.6% women) of whom 622 (1.6%) underwent MitraClip. MitraClip was increasingly used during CS hospitalizations over the study period (
P
<0.001). After matching, patients receiving MitraClip had significantly lower in‐hospital mortality (odds ratio, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.47–0.77;
P
<0.001) and 1‐year mortality (hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.65–0.88;
P
<0.001) compared with those without MitraClip. The survival benefit associated with MitraClip was consistent across subgroups of interest, with the exception of patients requiring acute mechanical circulatory support or hemodialysis at index.

Conclusions
In patients with mitral regurgitation presenting with CS, use of MitraClip is increasing and associated with greater in‐hospital and 1‐year survival. Further studies are warranted to optimize patient selection and procedure timing for those receiving MitraClip as a treatment option in CS.
“Weil nun Sanct Marten bricht herein/[…] Will seine Ganß besungen sein”
Authors: van de Löcht Joana 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
As the last feast before the beginning of the fasting period (Quadragesima Sancti Martini), the perishable supplies are used up on Martin’s Eve, which provides an opportunity for eating, drinking, and socializing together. In early modern literature, numerous texts – poems and songs, satires, popular literature – deal with Martin’s Eve and especially with the goose eaten there. In this article, a temporal and spatial overview of texts related to the Martin’s Eve celebrations is given, and the genre-specific functions of writing about the goose are explained.
Liedpoetik und soziale Praxis
Authors: Dröse Astrid 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article is dedicated to the Leipzig Ovid translator and song poet Johann Georg Schoch. It focusses on Schoch’s major work Neu-erbaueter Poetischer Lust- u[nd] Blumen-Garten (1660). The article analyses the poetics and social references of this collection. The author argues that the bucolic, erotic, and sociable songs are linked by intertextual references to works by other Leipzig authors such as Paul Fleming and Gottfried Finckelthaus. Schoch’s contrafactum of an ode by his student friend David Schirmer (“Immer hin/ fahr immer hin”) shows that the songs function as a keepsake of remembrance and identify both authors as members of a local group. They also provide insights into the social practice of student sociability.
Naturrecht – Socialitas – Empfindsamkeit?
Authors: Schwingenschlögl Michael 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article surveys various efforts made to explore the origins of the movement of Empfindsamkeit (sentimentalism) by emphasizing the role of natural law theories formed around 1700. The view of sentiment in Tugendempfindsame Literatur matches the anthropology of natural law theories that saw man’s proper state in an equillibrium of self- and other-oriented relations to the world. Conceptions of Geselligkeit connect natural law and Empfindsamkeit. Comparing different understandings of Empfindsamkeit, it may be concluded that a future multifaceted look at the roots of Empfindsamkeit that integrates seemingly opposing perspectives on the subject is both possible and appropriate.