bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacteriological concentration of peritoneal drainage fluid could make an early diagnosis of anastomotic leakage following rectal resection
Authors: Ge Wei , Gong Hai-yan , Xia Yong-quan , Shao Li-hua , Shen Han , Chen Gang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTo investigate that the bacteriological concentration and pH value in peritoneal drainage fluid might serve as indicators of early diagnosis of anastomotic leakage following rectal resection. We prospectively analyzed consecutive patients who were treated for rectal diseases with anastomosis at the department of general surgery, the affiliated hospital of Nanjing University Medical School between August 2018 and December 2020. The bacteriological concentration and the pH value in peritoneal drainage fluid were tested on the first, fourth, seventh days postoperatively. A total of 300 consecutive patients underwent rectal resection were tested. 21 patients present with AL and the overall AL rate was 7%. The bacteriological concentration in peritoneal drainage fluid of AL group was significantly higher than that in non-AL group. The AUC value was 0.98 (95% confidence intervals 0.969–1.000) according to the ROC curve. The best cut-off value was 1143/uL. The sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 93.19% respectively. There was no difference of pH value between the AL and non-AL groups. According the results of present study, a high bacteriological concentration in peritoneal drainage fluid is a good marker for predicting and diagnosing AL following rectal resection. However, owing to the limitation of the sample, there was no validation attempt in the study. A large sample study is needed to validate the conclusion.
Experimental study of the freeze thaw characteristics of expansive soil slope models with different initial moisture contents
Authors: Yang Zhongnian , Lv Jianhang , Shi Wei , Jia Chao , Wang Chu , Hong Yong , Ling Xianzhang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper presents an experimental investigation on the effect of freeze–thaw cycling on expansive soil slopes with different initial moisture contents. Clay soil from Weifang, China, was remolded and selected to build the expansive soil slope for the indoor slope model tests. A total of five freeze–thaw cycles were applied to the three expansive soil slopes with different moisture contents ranging from 20 to 40%. Variations of the crack developments, displacements, soil pressures and moisture contents of the expansive soil slope with different initial moisture contents during the freeze–thaw cycling were reported and discussed. The results indicate that higher moisture contents can slow the development of cracks and that the soil pressure increases with decreasing temperature. The soil pressure of slope decreases after freeze–thaw cycle, and the change amplitude of soil pressure after freeze–thaw is proportional to water content. The slopes with a moisture content of 20% and 30% shrinks during freezing and expands during thawing, which was named ES-FSTE Model, while the slope with a 40% moisture content shows the opposite behavior. During freeze–thaw cycles, moisture migrates to slope surface. As initial moisture contents increase, the soil heat transfer rate and bearing capacity decreases after five freeze–thaw cycling.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) adaptability evaluation in a semi-arid region of Central Morocco using APSIM model
Authors: Briak Hamza , Kebede Fassil 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated the suitability of semi-arid region of Central Morocco for wheat production using Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) considering weather, soil properties and crop management production factors. Model calibration was carried out using data collected from field trials. A quantitative statistics, i.e., root mean square error (RMSE), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and index of agreement (d) were used in model performance evaluation. Furthermore, series of simulations were performed to simulate the future scenarios of wheat productivity based on climate projection; the optimum sowing date under water deficit condition and selection of appropriate wheat varieties. The study showed that the performance of the model was fairly accurate as judged by having RMSE = 0.13, NSE = 0.95, and d = 0.98. The realization of future climate data projection and their integration into the APSIM model allowed us to obtain future scenarios of wheat yield that vary between 0 and 2.33 t/ha throughout the study period. The simulated result confirmed that the yield obtained from plots seeded between 25 October and 25 November was higher than that of sown until 05 January. From the several varieties tested, Hartog, Sunstate, Wollaroi, Batten and Sapphire were yielded comparatively higher than the locale variety Marzak. In conclusion, APSIM-Wheat model could be used as a promising tool to identify the best management practices such as determining the sowing date and selection of crop variety based on the length of the crop cycle for adapting and mitigating climate change.
Dynamic changes in arterial blood gas during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Hong Seok-In , Kim June-Sung , Kim Youn-Jung , Kim Won Young 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the prognostic value of dynamic changes in arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA) measured after the start of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). This prospective observational study was conducted at the emergency department of a university hospital from February 2018 to February 2020. All blood samples for gas analysis were collected from a radial or femoral arterial line, which was inserted during CPR. Changes in ABGA parameters were expressed as delta (Δ), defined as the values of the second ABGA minus the values of the initial ABGA. The primary outcome was sustained ROSC. Out of the 80 patients included in the analysis, 13 achieved sustained ROSC after in-hospital resuscitation. Multivariable logistic analysis revealed that ΔpaO2 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.023; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.004–1.043, p = 0.020) along with prehospital shockable rhythm (OR = 84.680; 95% CI = 2.561–2799.939, p = 0.013) and total resuscitation duration (OR = 0.881; 95% CI = 0.805–0.964, p = 0.006) were significant predictors for sustained ROSC. Our study suggests a possible association between ΔpaO2 in ABGA during CPR and an increased rate of sustained ROSC in the late phase of OHCA.
Wildfire activity enhanced during phases of maximum orbital eccentricity and precessional forcing in the Early Jurassic
Authors: Hollaar Teuntje P. , Baker Sarah J. , Hesselbo Stephen P. , Deconinck Jean-François , Mander Luke , Ruhl Micha , Belcher Claire M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFire regimes are changing due to both anthropogenic climatic drivers and vegetation management challenges, making it difficult to determine how climate alone might influence wildfire activity. Earth has been subject to natural-background climate variability throughout its past due to variations in Earth’s orbital parameters (Milkankovitch cycles), which provides an opportunity to assess climate-only driven variations in wildfire. Here we present a 350,000 yr long record of fossil charcoal from mid-latitude (~35°N) Jurassic sedimentary rocks. These results are coupled to estimates of variations in the hydrological cycle using clay mineral, palynofacies and elemental analyses, and lithological and biogeochemical signatures. We show that fire activity strongly increased during extreme seasonal contrast (monsoonal climate), which has been linked to maximal precessional forcing (boreal summer in perihelion) (21,000 yr cycles), and we hypothesize that long eccentricity modulation further enhances precession-forced fire activity.
Inflammasome activation in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Ravichandran Kishore Aravind , Heneka Michael T. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Approximately ten million people are diagnosed with dementia annually since they experience difficulties with memory and thinking skills. Since neurodegenerative diseases are diagnosed late, most of them are difficult to treat. This is due to the increased severity of the disease during the progression when neuroinflammation plays a critical role. The activation of immune cells, especially microglia, plays a crucial role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Molecular sensors within these microglia, such as the NLRP3 inflammasome, are activated by signals that represent the hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we first summarize the two activation steps of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, we discuss the key factors that contribute to NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the different neuroinflammatory diseases, like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The prominent NLRP3 inflammasome triggers include amyloid β and tau oligomers in AD, α-synuclein in PD, and superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43) in ALS. NLRP3 inhibitor treatment has shown promising results in several preclinical mouse models of AD, PD, and ALS. Finally, we postulate that current understandings underpin the potential for NLRP3 inhibitors as a therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases.
Tie‐line planning for resilience enhancement in unbalanced distribution networks
Authors: Taheri Babak , Safdarian Amir 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOver the past decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the frequency of natural disasters, which are the leading causes of large‐scale power outages. This paper, therefore, assesses the significance and role of optimal tie‐line construction in improving the service restoration performance of unbalanced power distribution systems in the aftermath of high‐impact low‐probability incidents. In doing so, a restoration process aware stochastic mixed‐integer linear programming model is developed to find the optimal locations for new tie‐line construction in unbalanced three‐phase distribution systems. In particular, the restoration process of distribution systems, including the fault isolation and system reconfiguration, is contemplated to place tie‐lines in the most proper locations to enhance the manoeuvring capability of distribution systems and reducing the customer interruption time. Furthermore, the model is a stochastic one wherein uncertainty associated with potential damages alongside demand uncertainty is captured via a set of likely scenarios. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed stochastic mixed‐integer linear programming model, it is tested and verified on the IEEE 13‐ and 123‐bus test systems.
A novel method for calibration and verification of roadside millimetre‐wave radar
Authors: Zhang Changlong , Wei Jimin , Hu Albert Sibo , Fu Peipei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRoadside perception systems commonly rely on millimetre‐wave radars that are stationary. Obtaining global coordinates of radar detection targets requires calibration of radars installed on roadways, which is dangerous if performed via conventional methods. Hazards such as live traffic, particularly on expressways, make safe calibration difficult without road closures. To avoid these issues, this paper proposes a novel calibration method for roadside millimetre‐wave radar by using high‐definition maps to provide global positioning for radar detection targets, combined with vehicle trajectory data from live traffic. After clustering collected traffic data, a polynomial curve fit provides the shape of lane centrelines. Calibration parameters for the relative‐to‐global position mapping are then obtained by matching fitted curve sample points to points in high‐definition maps using non‐linear optimization. The calibration results are verified experimentally using a connected vehicle and roadside unit on an urban street, demonstrating that the proposed method meets lane‐level precision requirements for V2X applications. This data‐driven method borrows live traffic for calibration and hence is safer and more convenient compared to existing calibration methods.
Bearing‐only underwater uncooperative target tracking for non‐Gaussian environment using fast particle filter
Authors: Hou Xianghao , Yang Long , Yang Yixin , Zhou Jianbo , Qiao Gang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBearing‐only tracking of an underwater uncooperative target is essential to defend the sea territory. Considering the influences by uncertain underwater environment, the purpose of this work is to estimate 2‐D locations and velocities of an interested underwater target for non‐Gaussian environment. In this work, a fast particle filter (FPF) based on the traditional particle filter (PF) with novel jet transport (JT) technique is proposed to deal with this problem. Aiming to overcome the heavy computation burden of the traditional PF that limits most of its practical applications, the JT technique can dramatically reduce the computation time and complexity in the particle evolution process, which contributes huge computational complexities to the traditional PF. Then, the proposed FPF is tested through simulations in the 2‐D underwater uncooperative target tracking scenario. Finally, the Monte Carlo simulation results demonstrate that the proposed FPF can track the underwater uncooperative target with the similar accuracies as the traditional PF but only occupies less than 20% of the computational resources.
Der Sterbeort neurologischer Patienten mit ausgewählten
Erkrankungsentitäten: Daten einer Beobachtungsstudie zu Sterbeorten aus
Deutschland
Authors: Dasch Burkhard , Lenz Philipp 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Bislang existieren in Deutschland nur wenige Daten zum
Sterbeort von Patienten mit neurologischer Grunderkrankung.
Methodik Im Rahmen der bis dato umfangreichsten Sterbeortstudie in
Deutschland wurde in vorliegender Untersuchung der Sterbeort von neurologischen
Patienten mit ausgewählten Erkrankungsentitäten (ALS (ALS),
bösartige Neubildung des Gehirns (BNG), Hirnmetastase(n) (HM),
hypoxischer Hirnschaden nach Reanimation (HHS), nichttraumatische SAB (SAB),
Demenz älterer Menschen (≥65 Jahre) (DEM)) untersucht.
Für die Analyse wurden sämtliche Todesbescheinigungen der Stadt
Münster des Jahres 2017 ausgewertet. Patienten wurde durch die
ärztliche Angabe zur Todesursache identifiziert.
Ergebnisse Es verstarben 3844 Personen, hiervon neurologische Patienten
mit folgenden Erkrankungsentitäten: ALS (6), BNG (29), HM (102), HHS
(54), SAB (20), DEM (485). Der Sterbeort war wie folgt verteilt: (ALS, BNG, HM,
HHS, SAB, DEM;%): Zuhause
50,0/10,3/13,7/1,9/0,0/12,0; Krankenhaus
33,3/48,3/38,2/90,7/100/23,1;
Intensivstation
0,0/6,9/5,9/61,1/65,0/2,7;
Palliativstation
33,3/0,0/6,9/0,0/0,0/1,4; Hospiz
16,7/27,6/43,1/0,0/0,0/1,2; Pflegeheim
0,0/13,8/4,9/7,4/0,0/63,7; sonstiger Ort
0,0/0,0/0,0/0,0/0,0/0,0.
Schlussfolgerung Der häufigste Sterbeort von neurologischen
Patienten mit ausgewählten Erkrankungsentitäten ist wie folgt:
ALS>Zuhause, bösartiger Gehirntumor>Krankenhaus,
Hirnmetastase(n)>Hospiz, hypoxischer Hirnschaden nach
Reanimation>Krankenhaus, nichttraumatische SAB>Krankenhaus,
Demenzpatienten (≥65 Jahre)>Pflegeheim.
Halluzinationen bei Patienten mit idiopathischem
Parkinson-Syndrom
Authors: Weiss Daniel , Höglinger Günter , Klostermann Fabian , Weise David , Zeuner Kirsten E. , Reichmann Heinz 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungMehr als 20% der Patienten mit idiopathischem Parkinson-Syndrom (IPS)
entwickeln Psychosen. Am häufigsten sind visuelle Halluzinationen. Bei
der Entwicklung der Psychosen scheinen die Pathogenese der Parkinson-Erkrankung
sowie ihre Dauer ebenso eine Rolle zu spielen wie modulierende Effekte der
dopaminergen Therapie. Beim Therapiemanagement steht neben allgemeinen
Maßnahmen zunächst die Anpassung der dopaminergen Therapie im
Vordergrund. Dies kann zu einer Gratwanderung werden zwischen Besserung der
Halluzinationen und Verschlechterung der Motorik. Bei unzureichendem Erfolg kann
eine antipsychotische Therapie notwendig werden – dabei ist die Auswahl
auf sehr wenige Antipsychotika beschränkt, um nicht ernsthafte
motorische Verschlechterungen zu riskieren. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden
basierend auf dem aktuellen Stand der Literatur sowie empirischen
Experten-basierten Erfahrungen aus dem klinischen Alltag relevante Aspekte zu
Halluzinationen bei IPS-Patienten in der Praxis zusammengefasst und Empfehlungen
zum Therapiemanagement erarbeitet.
Erste Vergleichswerte und faktorielle Struktur des Fragebogens zur
Erfassung von seelischem Schmerz nach traumatischen Ereignissen
(FESSTE-30)
Authors: Flenreiss-Frankl Karin , Unterrainer Human-Friedrich , Fuchshuber Jürgen 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Bei dem Fragebogen zur Erfassung von seelischem Schmerz nach
traumatischen Erfahrungen (FESSTE-30) handelt es sich um das erste
standardisierte deutschsprachige Messverfahren, zur Operationalisierung von
seelischem Schmerz nach traumatischen Erfahrungen. Vorrangiges Ziel der
vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Präsentation von ersten
geschlechtsspezifischen Vergleichswerten für die deutschsprachige
Allgemeinbevölkerung.
Material und Methoden Der FESSTE-30 umfasst insgesamt fünf Bereiche
(„Depression“, „Somatisierung“,
„Dissoziation“, „intrusive Erinnerungen“ und
„Angst“), welche aufsummiert die Gesamtskala „Seelischer
Schmerz“ ergeben. Zudem ermöglicht die dem FESSTE-30
angefügte Traumacheckliste eine strukturierte Erhebung des
Ausmaßes an traumatischen Erfahrungen. Das Verfahren wurde anhand einer
anfallenden Stichprobe der deutschsprachigen Allgemeinbevölkerung
(N=1448; 86,2% weiblich) einer Prüfung hinsichtlich
Reliabilität und Validität unterzogen.
Ergebnisse Die Reliabilitäten der Subskalen und der Gesamtskala
liegen in einem Bereich zwischen Cronbachs alpha=0,81–0,94. Die
innere Konsistenz der Skala „Ausmaß der traumatischen
Erfahrungen“ kann mit Cronbachs alpha=0,65 angegeben werden. In
einer konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalyse zeigt eine latente Bifaktorstruktur mit
einem Generalfaktor und fünf Residualfaktoren folgende Modellpassung:
RMSEA=0,05 (90% CI: 0,05, 0,06); TLI=0,93;
CFI=0,94; NFI=0,92;
χ²/df=4,94.
Diskussion Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass es sich beim FESSTE um
ein reliables und valides Selbsteinschätzungsverfahren zur Erfassung von
seelischem Schmerz handelt, das zum Einsatz in der Forschung, Behandlung und in
der gutachterlichen Praxis geeignet ist. Die vorläufigen Vergleichswerte
können als Richtschnur für die Einschätzung von
Einzelfällen genutzt werden. Weitere Untersuchungen anhand klinischer
Stichproben sind vorgesehen.
Measuring Satisfaction in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Ambulatory Care: A Validation Study
Authors: Wadasadawala Tabassum , Mangaj Akshay , Mokal Smruti , Pathak Rima , Sarin Rajiv , Gaikar Mithila , Nair Nita , Bajpai Jyoti , Joshi Shalaka , Gulia Seema 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction Patient satisfaction constitutes a vital service quality indicator. It provides a measure of the gap in health-care requirements and patients' expectations.
Objective The aim of this study was to perform linguistic validation of the questionnaire assessing satisfaction with outpatient care.
Materials and Methods A tool for measuring patient satisfaction was developed and validated at our institute in the English language. This tool was translated into Hindi and Marathi. Subsequently, 339 patients diagnosed with breast cancer consulting in the outpatient department from the different parts of India and having diverse linguistic and socioeconomic backgrounds were enrolled. Patients were asked to complete the satisfaction tool after consultation at a single point of time in a prospective manner.
Results All patients completed the questionnaire. The questionnaire was filled by 120, 116, and 103 patients in Hindi, Marathi, and English, respectively. Both convergent validity and discriminant validity were supported as the correlation coefficient was >0.4 for all items within a scale and <0.7 between different scales. Factor analysis was valid for all except for open-end questions. The internal consistency was >0.9 for all the questions. The mean overall satisfaction score was 88.35 (standard deviation: 19.63). Patients were satisfied in all the aspects of the consultation process, including appointment scheduling, assistant medical staff and faculty, and treating physician. However, some expressed dissatisfaction toward long-waiting times.
Conclusion The translated tool is reliable and valid and effectively measures the satisfaction of patients receiving ambulatory care.
Technical and Medium-Term Clinical Outcomes of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt with Fluoroscopy and Additional Trans-abdominal Ultrasound Guidance
Authors: Keshava Shyamkumar N. , Moses Vinu , Sharma Anand , Ahmed Munawwar , Narayanan Sathya , Padmanabhan Aswin , Goel Ashish , Zachariah Uday , Eapen C.E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background and Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate the technical and clinical outcomes of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) performed with additional transabdominal ultrasound guidance.
Material and Methods Patients who underwent TIPS between January 2004 to January 2020 in our center were studied. Technical, hemodynamic, angiographic, and clinical outcome were recorded up to 1 year of follow-up.
Results TIPS was attempted in 162 patients (median [range] age 37[3–69] years; 105 were males and 57 were females; Etiology: Budd-Chiari syndrome [BCS] 91, cirrhosis 65, symptomatic acute portal venous thrombosis [PVT] 3, veno-occlusive disease [VOD] 2, congenital portosystemic shunt [CPSS] 1) during the study period. Indication for TIPS was refractory ascites in 135 patients (BCS 86, cirrhosis 49) and variceal bleed in 21 patients (BCS 5, cirrhosis 16). Technical success was seen in 161 of the 162 (99.4%) patients. The tract was created from hepatic vein in 55 patients and inferior vena cava (IVC) in 106 patients. Complications within 1 week post TIPS were seen in 29 of the 162 (18%) patients, of whom one developed unexplained arrhythmia and hypotension and died. Of the patients with available follow-up, clinical success was noted in 120 (81%), while 14 (9%) patients had partial nonresponse and six (4%) had complete nonresponse. Eight (5%) patients died during the follow-up period.
Conclusion The technical success of TIPS creation with additional transabdominal ultrasound guidance is very high with low peri-procedural complication rate. It has enabled the inclusion of a wider spectrum of cases like acute PVT and obliterated hepatic veins which were otherwise considered contraindications.