bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thickness Characteristics of Pāhoehoe Lavas in the Deccan Province, Western Ghats, India, and in Continental Flood Basalt Provinces Elsewhere
Authors: Self Stephen , Mittal Tushar , Jay Anne Elizabeth 
Published: February 2021

Constraining the eruption rates of flood basalt lava flows remains a significant challenge despite decades of work. One potential observable proxy for eruption rates is flood basalt lava-flow lobe thicknesses, a topic that we tackle here quantitatively. In this study, we provide the first global compilation of pāhoehoe lava-lobe thicknesses from various continental flood basalt provinces (∼ 3,800 measurements) to compare characteristic thicknesses within and between provinces. We refer to thin lobes (∼ ≤5 m), characteristic of “compound” lavas, as hummocky pāhoehoe lava flows or flow-fields. Conversely, we term thicker lobes, characteristic of “simple” flows, as coming from sheet-lobe-dominated flows. Data from the Deccan Traps and Columbia River flood-basalt provinces are archetypal since they have the most consistent datasets as well as established chemo- and litho-stratigraphies. Examining Deccan lobe thicknesses, we find that previously suggested (and disputed) distinct temporal and regional distributions of hummocky pāhoehoe and sheet-lobe-dominated flow fields are not strongly supported by the data and that each geochemically defined formation displays both lobe types in varying amounts. Thin flow-lobes do not appear to indicate proximity to source. The modal lobe thickness of Deccan formations with abundant “thin” lava-lobes is 8 m, while the mode for sheet-lobe-dominated formations is only 17 m. Sheet-lobes up to 75–80 m are rare in the Deccan and Columbia River Provinces, and ones &gt;100 m are exceptional globally. For other flood basalt provinces, modal thickness plots show a prevalence toward similar lobe thicknesses to Deccan, with many provinces having some or most lobes in the 5–8 m modal range. However, median values are generally thicker, in the 8–12 m range, suggesting that sheet-lobes dominate. By contrast, lobes from non-flood basalt flow-fields (e.g., Hawai’i, Snake River Plain) show distinctly thinner modes, sub-5 m. Our results provide a quantitative basis to ascertain variations in gross lava morphology and, perhaps, this will in future be related to emplacement dynamics of different flood basalt provinces, or parts thereof. We can also systematically distinguish outlier lobes (or regions) from typical lobes in a province, e.g., North American Central Atlantic Magmatic Province lava-lobes are anomalously thick and are closely related to feeder-intrusions, thus enabling a better understanding of conditions required to produce large-volume, thick, flood basalt lava-lobes and flows.
Bile Duct Injury During Cholecystectomy: Necessity to Learn How to Do and Interpret Intraoperative Cholangiography
Authors: Christou Niki , Roux-David Alexia , Naumann David N. , Bouvier Stephane , Rivaille Thibaud , Derbal Sophiane , Taibi Abdelkader , Fabre Anne , Fredon Fabien , Durand-Fontanier Sylvaine , Valleix Denis , Mathonnet Muriel 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Biliary duct injury (BDI) is a serious complication during cholecystectomy. Perioperative cholangiography (POC) has recently been generating interest in order to prevent BDI. However, the current literature (including randomized controlled trials) cannot conclude whether POC is protective or not against the risk of BDI. The aim of our study was to investigate whether POC could demonstrate earlier BDI and which criteria are required to make that diagnosis.Methods: We performed a retrospective study between 2005 and 2018 in our French tertiary referral center, which included all patients who had presented following BDI during cholecystectomy.Results: Twenty-two patients were included. Nine patients had POC, whereas 13 did not. When executed, POC was interpreted as normal for three patients and abnormal for six. In this latter group, only two cases had a BDI diagnosed intraoperatively. In other cases, the interpretation was not adequate.Conclusion: BDIs are rare but may reduce patients' quality of life. Our study highlights the surgeon's responsibility to learn how to perform and interpret POC in order to diagnose and manage BDIs and potentially avoid catastrophic consequences.
100 Hz Electroacupuncture Alleviated Chronic Itch and GRPR Expression Through Activation of Kappa Opioid Receptors in Spinal Dorsal Horn
Authors: Li Hong-Ping , Wang Xiao-Yu , Chen Chao , Li Jing-Jing , Yu Chi , Lin Li-Xue , Yu Zi-E , Jin Zhi-Yuan , Zhu He , Xiang Hong-Chun , Hu Xue-Fei , Cao Jie , Jing Xiang-Hong , Li Man 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundClinical studies have shown that electroacupuncture (EA) alleviates chronic itch. Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) and dynorphin (DYN) in the spinal dorsal horn positively or negatively regulate itch, respectively. However, which frequency of EA is effective on relieving chronic itch and reducing the expression of GRPR, whether DYN-A in the spinal cord is involved in the underlying mechanism of the antipruritus effect of EA remains unknown.MethodsThe mixture of acetone and diethyl ether (1:1) [designated as AEW (acetone/diethyl ether and water) treatment] was used to induce the dry skin model of chronic itch. EA was applied to Quchi (LI11) and Hegu (LI4). Western blot was used to detect the expression of GRPR and DYN-A. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of DYN-A.ResultsThe AEW administration induced remarkable spontaneous scratching, enhanced the expression of GRPR, and reduced the expression of DYN-A. Compared with the sham EA, 2 Hz EA, or 15 Hz EA group, 100 Hz EA was the most effective frequency for relieving chronic itch, reducing the expression of GRPR, and increasing the expression of DYN-A in the cervical dorsal horn. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of kappa opioid receptors (KORs) antagonist nor-Binaltorphimine dihydrochloride (nor-BNI) significantly reversed the effect of 100 Hz EA on the inhibition of both itching behavior and GRPR expression.ConclusionEA at 100 Hz is the most effective frequency that inhibits chronic itch and GRPR expression through activation of KORs in the spinal dorsal horn, which can effectively guide the clinical treatment and improve the antipruritic effect of acupuncture.
Surgical Complexity and Outcome During the Implementation Phase of a Robotic Colorectal Surgery Program—A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Müller Catharina , Laengle Johannes , Riss Stefan , Bergmann Michael , Bachleitner-Hofmann Thomas 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundRobotic surgery holds particular promise for complex oncologic colorectal resections, as it can overcome many limitations of the laparoscopic approach. However, similar to the situation in laparoscopic surgery, appropriate case selection (simple vs. complex) with respect to the actual robotic expertise of the team may be a critical determinant of outcome. The present study aimed to analyze the clinical outcome after robotic colorectal surgery over time based on the complexity of the surgical procedure.MethodsAll robotic colorectal resections (n = 85) performed at the Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, between the beginning of the program in April 2015 until December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. To compare surgical outcome over time, the cohort was divided into 2 time periods based on case sequence (period 1: patients 1–43, period 2: patients 44–85). Cases were assigned a complexity level (I-IV) according to the type of resection, severity of disease, sex and body mass index (BMI). Postoperative complications were classified using the Clavien-Dindo classification.ResultsIn total, 47 rectal resections (55.3%), 22 partial colectomies (25.8%), 14 abdomino-perineal resections (16.5%) and 2 proctocolectomies (2.4%) were performed. Of these, 69.4% (n = 59) were oncologic cases. The overall rate of major complications (Clavien Dindo III-V) was 16.5%. Complex cases (complexity levels III and IV) were more often followed by major complications than cases with a low to medium complexity level (I and II; 25.0 vs. 5.4%, p = 0.016). Furthermore, the rate of major complications decreased over time from 25.6% (period 1) to 7.1% (period 2, p = 0.038). Of note, the drop in major complications was associated with a learning effect, which was particularly pronounced in complex cases as well as a reduction of case complexity from 67.5% to 45.2% in the second period (p = 0.039).ConclusionsThe risk of major complications after robotic colorectal surgery increases significantly with escalating case complexity (levels III and IV), particularly during the initial phase of a new colorectal robotic surgery program. Before robotic proficiency has been achieved, it is therefore advisable to limit robotic colorectal resection to cases with complexity levels I and II in order to keep major complication rates at a minimum.
Einstein, Planck and Vera Rubin: Relevant Encounters Between the Cosmological and the Quantum Worlds
Authors: Salucci Paolo , Esposito Giampiero , Lambiase Gaetano , Battista Emmanuele , Benetti Micol , Bini Donato , Boco Lumen , Sharma Gauri , Bozza Valerio , Buoninfante Luca , Capolupo Antonio , Capozziello Salvatore , Covone Giovanni , D’Agostino Rocco , De Laurentis Mariafelicia , De Martino Ivan , De Somma Giulia , Di Grezia Elisabetta , Di Paolo Chiara , Fatibene Lorenzo , Gammaldi Viviana , Geralico Andrea , Ingoglia Lorenzo , Lapi Andrea , Luciano Giuseppe G. , Mastrototaro Leonardo , Naddeo Adele , Pantoni Lara , Petruzziello Luciano , Piedipalumbo Ester , Pietroni Silvia , Quaranta Aniello , Rota Paolo , Sarracino Giuseppe , Sorge Francesco , Stabile Antonio , Stornaiolo Cosimo , Tedesco Antonio , Valdarnini Riccardo , Viaggiu Stefano , Yunge Andy A. V. 
Published: February 2021

In Cosmology and in Fundamental Physics there is a crucial question like: where the elusive substance that we call Dark Matter is hidden in the Universe and what is it made of? that, even after 40 years from the Vera Rubin seminal discovery [1] does not have a proper answer. Actually, the more we have investigated, the more this issue has become strongly entangled with aspects that go beyond the established Quantum Physics, the Standard Model of Elementary particles and the General Relativity and related to processes like the Inflation, the accelerated expansion of the Universe and High Energy Phenomena around compact objects. Even Quantum Gravity and very exotic Dark Matter particle candidates may play a role in framing the Dark Matter mystery that seems to be accomplice of new unknown Physics. Observations and experiments have clearly indicated that the above phenomenon cannot be considered as already theoretically framed, as hoped for decades. The Special Topic to which this review belongs wants to penetrate this newly realized mystery from different angles, including that of a contamination of different fields of Physics apparently unrelated. We show with the works of this ST that this contamination is able to guide us into the required new Physics. This review wants to provide a good number of these “paths or contamination” beyond/among the three worlds above; in most of the cases, the results presented here open a direct link with the multi-scale dark matter phenomenon, enlightening some of its important aspects. Also in the remaining cases, possible interesting contacts emerges. Finally, a very complete and accurate bibliography is provided to help the reader in navigating all these issues.
Epidemiologia da sífilis congênita no Brasil: Uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Andrade Elisabeth , Valvassori Pedro Miguel Diniz , Mingote André Coutinho Alves , Guedes Ana Lúcia de Lima , Nogueira Mário Círio 
Published: February 2021

Introdução: A sífilis congênita (SC) ocorre através da disseminação hematogênica, do Treponema pallidum, da gestante infectada não tratada ou inadequadamente tratada para o concepto via transplacentária. Houve um progressivo aumento na sua taxa de incidência no Brasil nos últimos 10 anos, relacionado a diversos fatores.
Objetivo: Investigar a distribuição espacial e temporal da incidência e da mortalidade por SC no Brasil e seus fatores associados.
Material e métodos: Foi feita uma revisão sistemática da literatura,cujo protocolo está registrado na base PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) com o número CRD42018083448. Foram pesquisadas as bases MEDLINE, LILACS, WEB OF SCIENCE e SCOPUS, com estratégias de busca que incluíram os termos sífilis congênita, epidemiologia, Brasil, alguns sinônimos e termos correlatos, em
português e em inglês, no período de 2007 a 2017. O processo de seleção dos artigos e extração de seus dados foi feito por dois pesquisadores independentes.
Resultados: De um total de 58 referências finais analisadas, observou-se em estudos realizados em todas as regiões demográficas do país que a incidência de SC tem crescido. Trinta e seis destes analisaram fatores de risco para a patologia destacando-se assistência pré natal inadequada, baixa escolaridade materna, raça negra, baixo nível socioeconômico, parceiro não tratado e idade materna. Os dados sobre as taxas de incidência e mortalidade de SC no Brasil foram heterogêneos em função da seleção dos trabalhos. Observamos taxas de incidência mais elevadas nos trabalhos entre 2006 a 2015 e nas regiões Centro Oeste, Sudeste e Sul. A menor taxa de incidência foi observada em estados do Nordeste, porém, nessa região foi relatada a maior taxa de mortalidade.
Conclusão:Através deste estudo foi possível mapear, na literatura brasileira, alguns dos principais fatores de risco do processo saúde doença da SC nos últimos anos. Ao desdobrarmos essas variáveis, demonstramos direta correlação com condições sociais, econômicas e educacionais das gestantes e ainda, na qualidade do atendimento pré-natal. Há relatos na literatura sobre aumento da incidência de SC no Brasil, porém há poucos dados sobre a mortalidade da SC no país.
Opportunities To Improve Diabetes Care in the Hemodialysis Unit: A Cohort Study in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Clemens Kristin K. , Ouédraogo Alexandra M. , Garg Amit X. , Silver Samuel A. , Nash Danielle M. 
Published: February 2021

Key Points

Little is known about diabetes care gaps and predictors in patients using in-center hemodialysis.In Ontario, almost half of patients with diabetes on hemodialysis have diabetes care gaps; most commonly, gaps in retinopathy screening.Significant predictors of care gaps include younger age, female sex, shorter duration of diabetes, dementia, and fewer physician visits.

Background
Patients with diabetes receiving chronic, in-center hemodialysis face healthcare challenges. We examined the prevalence of gaps in their diabetes care, explored regional differences, and determined predictors of care gaps.

Methods
We conducted a population-based, retrospective study between January 1, 2016 and January 1, 2018 in Ontario, Canada. We included adults with prevalent diabetes mellitus receiving in-center hemodialysis as of January 1, 2018 and examined the proportion with (1) insufficient or excessive glycemic monitoring, (2) suboptimal screening for diabetes-related complications (retinopathy and cardiovascular screening), (3) hospital encounters for hypo- or hyperglycemia, and (4) hospital encounters for hypertension in the 2 years prior (January 1, 2016 to January 1, 2018). We then identified patient, provider, and health-system factors associated with more than one care gap and used multivariable logistic regression to determine predictors. Further, we used geographic information systems to explore spatial variation in gaps.

Results
There were 4173 patients with diabetes receiving in-center hemodialysis; the mean age was 67 years, 39% were women, and the majority were of lower socioeconomic status. Approximately 42% of patients had more than one diabetes care gap, the most common being suboptimal retinopathy screening (53%). Significant predictors of more than one gap included younger age, female sex, shorter duration of diabetes, dementia, fewer specialist visits, and not seeing a physician for diabetes. There was evidence of spatial variation in care gaps across our region.

Conclusions
There are opportunities to improve diabetes care in patients receiving in-center hemodialysis, particularly screening for retinopathy. Focused efforts to bring diabetes support to high-risk individuals might improve their care and outcomes.
Localization, Distribution and Structure of Muscle Fibres Using Specific Antibody Markers in the zebrafish, Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822)
Authors: Saud Hussein A. , Alshami Ilham J.J. , Cooper Ruth 
Published: February 2021

The zebrafish Danio rerio is a popular model species for genetic and early development studies. It is relatively easy to maintain in laboratory, has a high fecundity rate and produces transparent embryos. Here, we characterise muscle development in early life stage zebrafish using paraffin sections of embryos and larvae treated with haematoxylin and eosin staining, and whole mount fluorescent immunohistochemistry. We found variations in the distribution of muscle mass throughout the body, with the greatest proportion of muscle mass found in the tail. Our data also showed for the first time the reaction of antibodies (protein expression) in muscle at early life stages of development. Whole mount fluorescent immunohistochemistry staining with three markers (PAX7, MF20 and F59) suggests that muscle development starts even earlier than previously suggested at the embryonic stage (1 dpf).
DEMOCRATIC-POLITICAL CULTURE AND AUTHORITARY SYNDROME IN RUSSIAN SOCIETY
Authors: Никифоров Максим Александрович , Танцура Марина Сергеевна 
Published: February 2021

В статье исследуется вопрос места и роли авторитарного синдрома в формировании демократической политической культуры Российской Федерации. Исследуется проблема становления современной российской политической культуры, выделяются основные черты авторитарного синдрома, рассматриваются стадии травматизации российского общества. Выделяются вероятные тенденции дальнейшего развития политической культуры страны.
The article explores the question about the place and role of the authoritarian syndrome in the formation of a Russian democratic political culture. The problem of the formation of modern Russian political culture is investigated, the main features of the authoritarian syndrome are highlighted, the stages of traumatization of Russian society are considered. Probable trends of further development of political culture of the country are highlighted.
COMORBIDITY OF REFLUX ESOPHAGITIS AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Воеводина Анна Александровна 
Published: February 2021

Настоящая публикация посвящена теоретическому исследованию оценки взаимодействия артериальной гипертензии и рефлюкс-эзофагита. Рассмотрены возможные анатомические взаимодействия, механизмы взаимодействия, а также общность факторов риска у пациентов с рефлюкс-эзофагитом. Проанализированы сложности диагностики и лечения таких пациентов.
This publication is devoted to a theoretical study of the assessment of the interaction of arterial hypertension and reflux esophagitis. Possible anatomical interactions, mechanisms of interaction, and common risk factors in patients with reflux esophagitis are considered. The difficulties of diagnosis and treatment of such patients are analyzed.
THE ROLE OF THE RUSSIAN BANKING SECTOR IN SUPPORTING SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19
Authors: Тарханова Елена Александровна , Стрижова Алина Анатольевна 
Published: February 2021

В условиях предотвращения последствий COVID-19 важную роль в поддержке малого и среднего бизнеса играет банковский сектор РФ. В статье определены пострадавшие отрасли малого и среднего бизнеса от реализации мер по предотвращению коронавирусной инфекции. Проведено исследование поддержки данных отраслей банковским сектором в контексте COVID-19.
In order to prevent the consequences of COVID-19, the banking sector of the Russian Federation plays an important role in supporting small and medium-sized businesses. The article identifies the affected small and medium-sized businesses from the implementation of measures to prevent coronavirus infection. A study of the banking sector's support for these industries in the context of COVID-19 was conducted.
PENERAPAN METODE CLUSTERING K-MEANS DALAM PENGELOMPOKAN PENJUALAN PRODUK
Authors: Darmi Yulia Darmi , Setiawan Agus 
Published: February 2021

Pada minimarket, produk merupakan bahan pokok yang dijual belikan. Produk di minimarket terdapat antara produk yang laku dengan produk yang tidak laku. Dengan adanya masalah ini, perlu untuk menciptakan sistem yang dapat mengelompokkan produk laku dan produk yang tidak laku, yang dilakukan di Minimarket MM.TIKA Bengkulu dan dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai Juli 2015. Algoritma K-Means tidak terpengaruh terhadap urutan objek yang digunakan, hal ini dibuktikan ketika penulis mencoba menentukan secara acak titik awal pusat cluster dari salah satu objek pada permulaan perhitungan. Jumlah keanggotaan cluster yang dihasilkan berjumlah sama ketika menggunakan objek yang lain sebagai titik awal pusat cluster tersebut. Namun, hal ini hanya berpengaruh pada jumlah iterasi yang dilakukan. Tujuan untuk membuat aplikasi dan menganalisis penjualan produk pada swalayan MM.TIKA Kota Bengkulu menggunakan metode K-Means. Dengan adanya sistem ini dapat memberikan manfaat kemudahan untuk menganalisis pengelompokkan penjualan produk pada swalayan MM.TIKA Kota Bengkulu, menentukan dan mengklasifikasikan penjualan produk yang laku dan kurang laku. Algoritma K-Means Cluster Analysis pada dasarnya dapat diterapkan pada permasalahan dalam memahami perilaku konsumen, mengidentifikasi peluang produk baru dipasaran dan algoritma K-Means ini juga dapat digunakan untuk meringkas objek dari jumlah besar sehingga lebih memudahkan untuk mendiskripsikan sifat-sifat atau karakteristik dari masing-masing kelompok. Metode yang digunakan pengumpulan data adalah observasi dan wawancara. Dengan adanya aplikasi ini, pemilik minimarket dapat melihat hasil pengelompokkan produk yang laku dan tidak laku. Maka, bila terdapat produk yang tidak laku, pemilik minimarket dapat mencari alternative lain agar produk yang tidak laku dapat menjadi laku. Kata Kunci : K-Means, Clustering, Data Mining, Produk
Rancang Bangun dan Analisa Pengendali CCTV Berbasis Arduino Menggunakan Smartphone Android
Authors: Astra Oscar Ade , Mardiana Yesi 
Published: February 2021

Berbagai persoalan yang muncul pada akhir-akhir ini meningkatkan bahwa betapa pentingnya kendali jarak jauh cctv yang mendukung dan memberi kemudahan menghindari kecelakaan saat beroperasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengendalikan cctv yang menggunakan aplikasi dari smartphone unruk pengendalian jarak jauh yang terkoneksi ke modul bluetooth. Instrumen perangkat keras dan lunak yang digunakan Processor AMD Dual-Core C50-1 GhzHarddisk 320 GB,VGA ATI Radeon HD 6250 graphics RAM 2.00 GB DDR3 Memory sistem operasi windows 7, software arduino two servo motor control dan software V380. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian laboratorium dan studi pustaka. Penelitian yang melaluipraktikum dan uji coba. Percobaan yang dilakukan meliputi test bahasa pemrograman, uji komponen elektronika dan uji perangkat keras komputer yang cocok untuk pelaksanaan penelitian. Hasil analisa kendali cctv Bluetooth dengan smartphone android berbasis Arduino nano, pada pengendali ini menggunakan Arduino nano sebagai sistem pengendalian Bluetooth, modul Bluetooth digunakan sebagai penerimaan perintah yang dikirim melalui smartphone android, motor servo difungsikan sebagai penggerak cctv yang dikendalikan menggunakan Smartphone Android menggunakan aplikasi Arduino two servo motors control.Berdasarkan pengujian koneksi Bluetooth pada pengendali cctvdapat disimpulkan untuk jangkauan jarak koneksi Bluetooth antara smartphone dan pengendali Bluetooth untuk bisa dikendalikan sepenuhnya dengan jarak jangkauan ± 25 meter, untuk 25-40 mengalami sinyal yang kurang dan putus-putus, dan lebih dari jangkauan 40 meter akan mengalamai koneksi terputus tidak bisa dikendalikan lagi.
Kata kunci :Pengendali cctv, Bluetooth