bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanocapsules: A Novel Formulation of Ocular Drug Delivery System
Authors: Padaliya Yaksh D. , Jani Rupalben K. , Suryawanshi Bhavesh M. 
Published: January 2025

Ocular drug delivery remains a significant challenge in the field of ophthalmology, where conventional eye drops often fall short in terms of drug bioavailability and duration of action. This review aims to evaluate the state of the art in ocular drug delivery, focusing on the emerging use of nanocapsules as a promising platform for a novel formulation of eye drops. Traditional eye drops are associated with limitations, such as rapid drug washout, poor corneal penetration, and patient non compliance due to frequent administration. Nanocapsules, with their nano-sized structures and core-shell designs, have garnered attention for their potential to address these challenges. The core-shell structure allows for the encapsulation of a wide range of ocular drugs, facilitating controlled release and prolonged drug retention on the ocular surface. Explored the effectiveness and safety of nanocapsules eye drops in various eye conditions, demonstrating their potential to revolutionize ocular drug delivery. Diseases such as glaucoma, macular degeneration, and dry eye syndrome may particularly benefit from this innovative approach. As the field of nanocapsules-based ocular drug delivery continues to evolve, the potential for improved therapeutic outcomes and enhanced patient quality of life becomes increasingly evident. This review calls for further research and development in this domain to unlock the full potential of nanocapsules as a novel formulation for ocular drug delivery systems.
QbD based RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for Estimation of Evogliptin Tartrate in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Patel Khushbu , Patel C. N. , Patel Henee 
Published: January 2025

Result: The developed method was optimized with the help of response surface methodology such as BBD design in design expert software. This proposed method was validated as per ICH Q2 recommendation. With a correlation coefficient of 0.9935, the technique demonstrated linearity having 25-150 µg/mL concentration. Less than 2% RSD was reported for precision, while 99.81 - 99.95 % was found for accuracy.
Conclusion: It is possible to effectively use the proposed developed HPLC method for routine analysis of Evogliptin tartrate in tablet form since it was straightforward, accurate, and environmentally friendly.
Artificial Intelligence in Pharmaceutical Management Education: Opportunities, Challenges, and Impact
Authors: Patel Pushparaj , Kumari Disha , Jain Archita , Gupta Riya , Mishra Hemanta Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Background: The use of Artificial intelligence (AI) is used nowadays rigorously in the pharmaceutical industry however, challenges remain in pharmaceutical management education, which prepares the professional who manages the industry. Through AI, the pharmaceutical industry designs drug discovery, formula development, marketing, strategies, quality assurance and many more. However, in literature, uses of AI in pharmaceutical management education have not been widely used and discussed with reference to India.
Objective: This article explores the opportunity of key publication, its citation, gaps, and future scope of application of AI in the pharmaceutical industry as well as education that how AI could help professionals who pursue pharmaceutical management as a career in higher education. Moreover, the use of this paper will focus on how AI can facilitate pharmaceutical management education by adopting ethical guidelines and keeping scientific practices.
Materials and Methods: To answer this, a systematic literature review with the SCOPUS database from 2013 to 2023 was conducted and selected 988 research articles out of 5,39,874 by applying the PRISMA approach. The keywords used to search the articles are pharmaceutical, education, artificial intelligence, marketing, strategy, future, business, management, accounting, pharmacology, toxicology, and pharmaceutics and trends. As an inclusion criterion, articles authored by Indian academicians in English languages were included.
Result: The findings suggested that the role of AI in higher education is need of the hour as industries are looking for professionals with such skills. The study also concludes that AI in higher education could be used how to ensure customer preference through unstructured data for selecting the best segment, standardisation of products, regulatory approval, designing good research design in conducting clinical trials, strategies, and marketing. These identified topics could enrich the content of the pharmaceutical need and bring a revolution in the pharmaceutical industry for the betterment of society.
Conclusion: Currently, pharmaceutical management education needs more professionals aligned with the uses of AI for developing strategies in marketing, branding, and product development. Further, it could be used to measure customer satisfaction and ethical regulations. Hence study recommends that curriculums need to be looked at from various angles.
New Technology for Ayurveda Formulation
Authors: Ahire Harshali Jagdish , Chavhan Gitanjali , Shirsath Mrunal 
Published: January 2025

Herbal Ayurvedic medications have the potential to be an affordable and effective way to meet the modern healthcare needs of the Indian and international communities. In order to fulfil the increasing demand for medications, it is vital to scale up manufacturing. One way to do this is by developing and utilizing new relevant technology in conjunction with Ayurvedic herbal formulations. Improving the dosage forms also requires an understanding of the basic Ayurvedic concepts underlying formulation and processing. Information on medicine preparation techniques was gathered from English translations of major Ayurvedic texts as part of a systematic examination of the literature. It is possible to enhance dose forms and scale up while adhering to traditional Ayurvedic principles by utilizing new technology or utilizing already-existing ones. The scientific heritage of harmonious living that is associated with Ayurveda may be traced back to ancient information found in the Rigveda and Atharveda. Many medications have been created and used, starting with Ayurveda and continuing through to present times under the motto "Tradition to Trend."
PENGARUH PENERAPAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA TERHADAP KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Savitri Amellya Maretta , Winaryo Slamet , Radiafilsan Christian 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan kurikulum merdeka terhadap kualitas pembelajaran di kelas VII pada SMPN 6 Palangka Raya. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan subjek penelitian guru yang mengajar kelas VII di SMPN 6 Palangka Raya tahun ajaran 2024/2025 dengan jumlah sampelnya 25 guru. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik kuesioner. Kemudian data dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persamaan regresi linier sederhana dari Y= a + bX adalah Y = 55,165 + 0,403X. Nilai konstanta (a) adalah 55,165. Nilai koefisien regresi variabel penerapan kurikulum merdeka (b) adalah 0,403. Dari hasil uji hipotesis didapatkan 3,618 > 1,713 sehingga Hipotesis nol (Ho) ditolak dan Hipotesis alternatif (Ha) diterima. Ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel penerapan kurikulum merdeka berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas pembelajaran di kelas VII pada Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 6 Palangka Raya sebesar 36,3% dan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti.
Factores que inciden en el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en el contexto educativo rural
Authors: Madrid Hincapié Joan Manuel 
Published: January 2025

El presente escrito presenta los resultados parciales del estudio Factores que inciden en el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico del estudiante de la Sede Principal de la Institución Educativa Rural [IER] Valentina Figueroa Rueda el cual contrasta con los puntajes obtenidos en las Pruebas de Sociales y Ciudadanas Saber 11 desde el año 2017 hasta el 2023; siendo su objetivo determinar los factores que inciden en el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico del estudiante de la Sede Principal de la Institución Educativa Rural [IER] Valentina Figueroa Rueda el cual contrasta con los puntajes obtenidos en las Pruebas de Sociales y Ciudadanas Saber 11 desde el año 2017 hasta el 2023. El diseño corresponde a la investigación-acción en el que participaron 86 estudiantes de los grados 7° a 11°; la recolección de datos se basa en la aplicación de pruebas diagnósticas de comprensión lectora y tipo de pensamiento, complementado con guiones de observación conductual; respecto a los resultados, son notorias las falencias de comprensión lectora y el tipo de razonamiento no se adscribe suficientemente a las características de un pensador crítico; en su discusión, aunque los resultados evidencian vacíos formativos, una única prueba no es suficiente para determinar el grado de comprensión de un texto, puesto que factores como el estado de ánimo, el tipo de interpretación subjetiva, afectan su desempeño, ni mucho menos un test estandarizado establece que alguien piensa de manera crítica cuando esta es una condición individual de comprender las situaciones que acontecen en el entorno rural que se habita.
Capacitación Docente en Evaluación Formativa y Aprendizaje Lógico - Matemático en Estudiantes 5 Años Instituciones Educativas Nivel Inicial - Ugel Huancarama
Authors: Ortiz Huamán Lourdes , Campana Concha Abelardo Rodolfo 
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: El presente estudio presenta como cuyo propósito conocer la influencia de la capacitación a las maestros correspondientes a la Ugel Huancarama- región Apurímac, referido a uno de los temas de relevancia como es la evaluación formativa para mejorar los aprendizajes relevantes en cuanto al área lógico – matemático nivel inicial. Materiales y Método: La metodología empleada es el inductivo parte de los general a lo específico, corresponde a una investigación apricada expolicativa, diseño preexperimental, se consideró como muestra pon conveniencia la participación de 20 niños del nivel inicial cinco años se empleó el sotware SPSS para el procesamiento de los datos. Resultados: por lo cual se resaltó la efectividad de capacitación continua incrementándose las competencias de los docentes referido a las formas como deben realizar la evaluación como aspecto para mejorar las competencia de los maestros quienes mejoraron al 100% respecto al tema trabajo y por tan to los niños también lograron incrementar sus conocimientos referente al aprendizaje de lógico-matemático de acuerdo a su edad, quienes se encontraban en inicio en cuanto sus conocimientos sobre el tema tratado. Conclusión: Asimismo, los estudiantes aprendieron a resolver una serie de ejercicios relacionados como deben aplicar solucionar problemas de cantidad y números el aprendizaje resultó en la muestra en forma exitosa, quienes superaron sus competencias al respecto llegando la mayoría al logro esperado. Finalmente, en relación a la competencia si resuelven situaciones sobre formas movimientos y localización empleando la lógica en los escolares también todos alcanzaron logros esperados, donde la capacitación programada a nivel Ugel de las maestras surtió efecto en los aprendizajes de sus estudiantes.
Determinación de la Dosis Óptima de la Goma de Tara (Caesalpinia Spinosa) Cómo Coadyuvante del Sulfato de Aluminio para la Remoción de Turbidez del Río Caplina
Authors: Monje Casas Gabriela , Cutipa Caleb Acero 
Published: January 2025

El incremento de la turbidez en el agua de los ríos, ocasionado por factores como la erosión, el arrastre de sedimentos y actividades agrícolas e industriales, representa un problema ambiental significativo. Actualmente, la Empresa Prestadora de Servicio (EPS) utiliza sulfato de aluminio (Al2(SO4)3) en el tratamiento de agua potable, aunque su baja biodegradabilidad en altas concentraciones genera lodos residuales tóxicos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la dosis óptima de goma de tara como coadyuvante del sulfato de aluminio para la remoción de turbidez en el río Caplina. Para ello, se recolectaron 12 litros de agua del río Caplina, tratándolos con cuatro concentraciones de (Al2(SO4)3) y goma de tara mediante la prueba de jarras en el laboratorio de química - Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann (UNJBG). Los resultados indicaron que el tratamiento más efectivo para reducir la turbidez fue el de 35 mg/L de Al₂(SO₄)₃ y 15 mg/L de goma de tara, con una disminución de 108 NTU a 4.95 NTU. Este hallazgo sugiere que la goma de tara es un coagulante natural eficaz que, en combinación con Al2(SO4)3 ,mejora el proceso de coagulación, contribuyendo a la reducción de la turbidez del agua.
Once a Triple, Not Always a Triple: The Evolution of Hierarchical Triples That Yield Merged Inner Binaries
Authors: Shariat Cheyanne , Naoz Smadar , El-Badry Kareem , Rodriguez Antonio C. , Hansen Bradley M. S. , Angelo Isabel , Stephan Alexander P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
More than half of all main-sequence (MS) stars have one or more companions, and many of those with initial masses <8 M
⊙ are born in hierarchical triples. These systems feature two stars in a close orbit (the inner binary) while a tertiary star orbits them on a wider orbit (the outer binary). In hierarchical triples, three-body dynamics combined with stellar evolution drives interactions and, in many cases, merges the inner binary entirely to create a renovated “post-merger binary” (PMB). By leveraging dynamical simulations and tracking binary interactions, we explore the outcomes of merged triples and investigate whether PMBs preserve signatures of their three-body history. Our findings indicate that in 26%–54% of wide double white dwarf (DWD) binaries (s ≳ 100 au), the more massive white dwarf (WD) is a merger product, implying that these DWD binaries were previously triples. Overall, we estimate that 44% ± 14% of observed wide DWDs originated in triple star systems and thereby have rich dynamical histories. We also examine MS+MS and MS+red giant mergers manifesting as blue straggler stars (BSSs). These PMBs have orbital configurations and ages similar to most observed BSS binaries. While the triple+merger formation channel can explain the observed chemical abundances, moderate eccentricities, and companion masses in BSS binaries, it likely only accounts for ∼20%–25% of BSSs. Meanwhile, we predict that the majority of observed single BSSs formed as collisions in triples and harbor long-period (>10 yr) companions. Furthermore, both BSS binaries and DWDs exhibit signatures of WD birth kicks.
A new species of Raveniola Zonstein, 1987 (Araneae, Nemesiidae) from Fujian, China
Authors: Zhou Guchun , Lu Jian , Cui Muqiushi , Xu Jiasheng 
Published: January 2025

The genus Raveniola Zonstein, 1987 comprises 66 species, distributed across regions from East Asia to the Caucasus, with about 20 species recorded from China. According to Zonstein et al. (2018) and Zonstein (2024), members of Raveniola can be identified by the presence of two to three retroventral megaspines arranged sequentially on tibia I in males and paired spermathecae in females, each bearing two-branched heads or a lateral diverticulum.
A new mygalomorph species, Raveniola fuzhouensis Zhou, sp. nov., is described from Fujian Province, China. Detailed description, diagnosis, illustrations and a distribution map of the new species are provided.
ChatGPT-4.0 in oral and maxillofacial radiology: prediction of anatomical and pathological conditions from radiographic images
Authors: Kahalian Shila , Rajabzadeh Marieh , Öçbe Melisa , Medisoglu Mahmut Sabri 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: ChatGPT has the ability to generate human-like text, analyze and understand medical images using natural Language processing (NLP) algorithms. It can generate real-time diagnosis and recognize patterns and learn from previous cases to improve accuracy by combining patient history, symptoms, and image characteristics. It has been used recently for learning about maxillofacial diseases, writing and translating radiology reports, and identifying anatomical landmarks, among other things.
Materials and methods: In this study, 52 radiographic images were queried on the OpenAI application ChatGPT-4.0. The responses were evaluated with and without using clues for specific radiographs to see if adding clues during prompting improved diagnostic accuracy.
Results: The true prediagnosis rate without any clue was 30.7%. By adding one clue this rate significantly increased to 56.9%. There was not a significant difference in accurate diagnosis of anatomical landmarks, cysts, and tumors (p&gt;0.05). However, including internal structure information improved the diagnostic accuracy (p&lt;0.05)
Conclusion: GPT-4.0 showed a tendency to misdiagnose closely located anatomical structures and by adding additional clues its performance showed improvement, while its ability to recognize diverse differential diagnoses remains limited.
Age-related features of the pattern of oral fluid patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Emelyanova Nataliya , Emelyanov Dmitry 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: In recent years, non-invasive screening methods for diagnosing various human conditions, including those corresponding to biological age, have attracted great interest, one of the sources for non-invasive research of which is oral fluid.
Aims: To study the age-related features of oral fluid facies in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Materials and methods: Sixty-one patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and 57 somatically healthy patients were selected for study. An oral fluid sample was taken into a plastic tube in the quantity of 1.5-2 ml. The supernatant fluid was collected using a laboratory pipette, and 4 drops of 0.02 ml were formed on a glass slide. After that, the drop was subjected to natural dehydration. The facies study has been carried out using an electron microscope.
Results: Normally, during the phase OF drop transition, the formation of 2 zones is characteristic – the marginal zone having the “colloidal glass” form, and the central organized by crystals in the “fern leaf” or “tree branch” form. The metabolic dysfunction negatively affect the organization of protein molecules and the formation of marginal zone in which pathology markers are spread – fissures, wrinkles, pigment inclusions.
Conclusion: Accordingly, elements of crystal destruction appear in the salt part, and the number of chaotically oriented dendrites increases.
Molecular analysis of swine hepatitis E virus from north India
Authors: Begum Nargis , Polipalli Sunil K. , Husain Syed A. , Kar Premashis 
Published: January 2025

Background & objectives:
Hepatitis E is the main cause of enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis in developing countries. In the developed countries such as the USA, Japan and Taiwan, the viruses infecting humans and swine share the same genotype with a high sequence similarity. Genotype 1 circulates in humans whereas genotype 4 in pigs in India. The present study was designed to investigate the presence of anti-HEV antibodies and HEV-RNA in swine population from north India, to investigate the genotype prevalent in it, and to compare it with other swine and human HEV strains from India.

Methods:
A total of 67 serum samples were collected from pigs of age period (1-6 months) from Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareily and subjected to anti-HEV IgG and HEV RNA detection. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method and evaluated using the interior branch test method with MEGA 4 software.

Results:
Anti-HEV IgG and HEV RNA was found in 38.8 and 4.5 per cent of swine samples studied respectively. The above samples were observed to be of genotype 4e. The three new sequences had nucleotide similarity with other swine sequences in genotype 4 ranging from 80-98 per cent.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The three sequences observed in the present study showed nucleotide similarity with other swine sequences from southern and western India. The present study suggests that genotype 4 ‘e’ is prevalent in the north India.
Comparative evaluation of marginal fit accuracy of two different designs of endocrown manufactured through CAD-CAM system: An in vitro study
Authors: Gupta Khushbu Rakesh , Gupta Deepesh Kumar , Jha Anumeha , Shukla Shivam B. , Dubey Aayush Mukund 
Published: January 2025

Aims:
To compare the accuracy of marginal fit of CAD-CAM endocrown with two different preparation forms, i.e., endocrown with ferrule and endocrown without ferrule.

Settings and Design:
Various studies have opined on the impact of preparation form on the marginal fit of endocrown, but studies on the effect on the marginal fit of digitally milled endocrown with and without ferrule are sparse.

Materials and Methods:
Total of 30 typodont were sectioned 3 mm above the cemento-enamel junction, and central cavity was prepared to depict a severely destructed tooth. The typodonts were divided into two groups: Group 1 contained specimens for endocrown without ferrule (WoF); Group 2 contained specimens for endocrown with ferrule (WF). The typodonts were prepared based on standard preparation. The specimens were then scanned using intraoral scanner, and the stereolithography (STL) was generated. Endocrowns were designed in the Exocad software using a digital library. The STL file format is translated into millable data file format (CNC- Computer numerical control) in the inLAB MC X5 Milling machine. The marginal fit of endocrowns was then assessed in the stereomicroscope.

Statistical Analysis:
The data was analysed with a digital image analyser. The result was generated using a two-way ANOVA test. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05.

Results:
In the present study, the marginal fit of WoF showed a superior marginal fit than WF. A statistically significant difference was seen in the marginal fit of two endocrowns, with a higher marginal discrepancy observed in the endocrown with the ferrule. The P value for the difference in the means of the marginal gap without and with ferrule (-13.42) is zero. Maximum marginal gap of 96 micron is observed for with ferrule (WF) design at location B. Minimum marginal gap of 29 micron is observed for without ferrule (WoF) at location D.

Conclusions:
Endocrown without a ferrule can provide a better marginal fit and can contribute to the long-term survival of restoration.