bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The endogenous factors affecting the detection of serum SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG/IgM antibodies by ELISA
Authors: Liu Weiping , Long Xia , Wan Kexing , Yin Minggang , Yin Yi , Zhang Bo , Li Lin , Song Yaohui 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo investigate endogenous interference factors of the detection results of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) IgM/IgG. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM/IgG in sera of 200 patients without COVID‐19 infection, including rheumatoid factor (RF) positive group, antinuclear antibody (ANA) positive group, pregnant women group, and normal senior group, with 50 in each group and 100 normal controls. The level of SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG in pregnant women was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (p = 0.000), but there was no significant difference between other groups. The levels of SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM in the pregnant women group, normal senior group, ANA positive group, and RF positive group were significantly higher than that in the normal control group (p < 0.05), with significant higher false‐positive rates in these groups (p = 0.036, p = 0.004, p = 0.000, vs. normal control group). Serum RF caused SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM false‐positive in a concentration‐dependent manner, especially when its concentration was higher than 110.25 IU/L, and the urea dissociation test can turn the false positive to negative. ANA, normal seniors, pregnant women, and RF can lead to false‐positive reactivity of SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM and/or IgG detected using ELISA. These factors should be considered when SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM or IgG detection is positive, false positive samples caused by RF positive can be used for urea dissociation test.
Association between periodontitis and metabolic syndrome in the Hamburg City Health Study
Authors: Kotin Jennifer , Walther Carolin , Wenzel Ulrich , Zyriax Birgit‐Christiane , Borof Katrin , Schnabel Renate B. , Seedorf Udo , Jagodzinski Annika , Heydecke Guido , Lamprecht Ragna , Smeets Ralf , Beikler Thomas , Aarabi Ghazal 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies demonstrated an association between severe chronic periodontitis (CP) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, these studies mostly used the outdated National Cholesterol Education Program‐Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP‐ATP) III case definition of MetS. Additionally, CP was rarely diagnosed based on a full‐mouth examination. Thus, the aim of the current study was to re‐evaluate the potential association between CP and MetS in the Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS), a large population‐based survey of middle‐aged and elderly men and women in Germany, in view of more current definitions of MetS and CP.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was performed with baseline‐data from participants of the HCHS. Periodontitis severity grades were determined in a random sample of 6,209 participants of which 5,456 had sufficient data to call absence or presence of MetS. Variables defining MetS according to the currently valid harmonized definition were determined and a full‐mouth examination was performed, including determination of the clinical attachment loss, bleeding on probing, and dental plaque index. CP was classified in three grades of severity (none/mild, moderate, and severe). The Kruskal‒Wallis test or the Chi‐squared test were used for descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression models with and without adjustments for potential confounders (age, sex, smoking, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein [hsCRP], energy intake, and physical activity) were used to test for associations.ResultsThe prevalence of MetS (39.0%) increased according to the severity grades of periodontitis (none/mild: 33.6%; moderate: 38.7%, and severe: 46.8%). Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that severe but not moderate CP was associated with MetS after adjusting for age and sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 1.48; P = 0.02). However, the association was attenuated after additional adjustment for smoking (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.43; P = 0.058) and hsCRP, energy intake, and physical activity (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.36; P = 0.294).ConclusionsThe use of the more current definitions for MetS and CP confirmed previous observations of an age‐ and sex‐adjusted association between severe CP and MetS. Smoking, high‐energy intake, and low physical activity were identified as important lifestyle‐related confounders. Abdominal obesity, as indicated by elevated waist circumference, was determined as the most important component of MetS in relationship to CP.
Ionic‐liquid‐based ultrasound‐assisted extraction combined with countercurrent chromatography and semipreparative LC for the preparation of monoamine oxidase B inhibitors from Pueraria thomsonii
Authors: Li Sainan , Li Yanjie , Wang Ying , Li Ruizhe , Niu Huazhou , Liu Chunming , Zhang Yuchi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA simple and efficient method was developed for the rapid screening and identification of ligands for monoamine oxidase B. A new ionic‐liquid‐based ultrasound‐assisted extraction method for medicinal herbs was also developed and validated. In addition, the hyphenated technique of countercurrent chromatography and semipreparative‐LC was developed and applied to the isolation of the chemical constituents for Pueraria thomsonii Benth. Three potent monoamine oxidase B inhibitors, namely, daidzein‐4′,7‐diglucoside (42.2 mg), puerarin 6′′‐O‐xyloside (88.3 mg), and 3′‐hydroxypuerarin (48.5 mg) with purities of 98.2, 96.3, and 97.1%, respectively, were obtained from 500 g of P. thomsonii raw material using semi‐preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography, whereas 3′‐methoxypuerarin (76.2 mg), daidzein‐8‐C‐apiosyl (1→6) glucoside (84.2 mg), and tectorigenin (75.1 mg) with purities of 98.5, 96.4, and 96.8%, respectively, were obtained from 500 g raw material via countercurrent chromatography using a two‐phase solvent system comprising n‐hexane–ethyl acetate–methanol–water at a volume ratio of 1.85:1.00:0.86:3.69 (v/v/v/v). Then, the anti‐Alzheimer activity of the phytochemicals was assessed using a PC12 cell model. Treatment with tectorigenin, daidzein‐4′,7‐diglucoside, puerarin 6′′‐O‐xyloside, 3′‐hydroxypuerarin, 3′‐methoxypuerarin, and daidzein‐8‐C‐apiosyl (1→6) glucoside (100 μg/mL), resulted in cell viabilities of 69.00, 65.81, 59.69, 57.90, 55.61, and 54.59%, respectively (p < 0.001). The protocol was proved to be very accurate and efficient.
Design, construction and evaluation of a device for the manufacture of ferrogram for analytical ferrography
Authors: Júnior Anderson Inácio Junqueira , Gonçalves Aparecido Carlos , Ribeiro Victor Hugo , Chavarette Fábio Roberto , Outa Roberto 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe dynamism of the reliability of machines and equipment has the objective of availability, leading to the development of several techniques of predictive maintenance, to define the ideal point for the intervention. Among the several predictive techniques, the analysis of lubricants has its highlight. In this sense, lubricants are used to reduce friction and wear between two interacting surfaces, filling the space of surface imperfections. In this way, wear is common even with the use of lubricating oils on the interacting surfaces. Thus, an artefact for ascertaining the wear particles by size in lubricating oils is analytical ferrography. In this way, this work presents the development of a low cost rotary separator prototype to obtain ferrograms, through five distinct combinations of permanent magnets and electronic devices. Several combinations of magnets were used and it was concluded that the 03, 04, and 05 combinations showed a better formation quality of ferrous wear particle rings. In addition, only two rings were formed in the 04 combination, but this was the best combination by size separation.
Functional Applications of Polymer Electrolytes in High‐Energy‐Density Lithium Batteries
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Zhai Fangfang , Zhou Qian , Lv Zhaolin , Jian Li , Han Pengxian , Zhou Xinhong , Cui Guanglei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPolymer electrolytes have attracted great interest in advanced lithium batteries. Recently, it has been found that there are many functional applications of polymer electrolytes in lithium batteries, which are very important for the development of high‐energy‐density lithium batteries. In this review, the functional applications of polymer electrolytes are reviewed in terms of protecting lithium metal anode, coating for high‐voltage cathodes, and improving the safety of batteries. Finally, the remaining challenges and future perspectives of polymer electrolytes in these functional applications are presented. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of polymer electrolytes and promotes their functional application in high‐energy‐density lithium batteries.
Lymphatic‐venous anastomosis for the treatment of refractory lymphatic ascites following radiation therapy: A case report
Authors: Hattori Yoshitsugu , Yamashita Shuji , Furuse Kiichi , Nakatsukasa Shuichi , Iida Takuya 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRadical treatments for intra‐abdominal malignancies disturb physiological lymphatic drainage and predispose the patients to lymphatic complications such as lymphatic ascites. Despite its infrequent occurrence, lymphatic ascites is a morbid complication, and a definitive treatment protocol for refractory cases has not been established. Surgical treatments are opted depending on the etiology, symptoms, and facility equipment. Lymphatic‐venous anastomosis (LVA) bypasses the proximal lymphatic blockages and provides an alternative route for lymphatic fluid recirculation into the venous system, thereby improving the lymphatic congestion. Herein, we report the utility of LVA surgery in the treatment of refractory serous lymphatic ascites that developed after radiation therapy for cervical cancer in a 77‐year‐old woman. The patient had massive ascites and suffered from abdominal distention and anorexia for 1 year. The ascites was unresponsive to conservative treatment. Under local anesthesia, eight incisions were made in the lower extremities just above the lymphatic channels that were identified by indocyanine green lymphography, and a total of 14 LVAs were created. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the ascites improved significantly. The patient remained free from the recurrence of ascites during 3.5 years of postoperative follow‐up. LVA surgery was effective for the improvement and long‐term control of lymphatic ascites. This procedure may be a viable option for the management of lymphatic ascites.
Portulaca oleracea L. Extract Ameliorates Intestinal Inflammation by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy
Authors: Zhang Ziwei , Qiao Dan , Zhang Yali , Chen Qian , Chen Yujun , Tang Yingjue , Que Renye , Chen Ying , Zheng Lie , Dai Yancheng , Tang Zhipeng 
Published: December 2021

ScopeTo investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)‐induced autophagy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the intervention mechanism ofPortulaca oleracea L. (POL) extract, a medicinal herb with anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, immune‐regulating, and antitumor properties, in vitro and in vivo.Methods and ResultsAn IL‐10‐deficient mouse model is used for in vivo experiments; a thapsigargin (Tg)‐stimulated ERS model of human colonic mucosal epithelial cells (HIECs) is used for in vitro experiments. The levels of ERS‐autophagy‐related proteins are examined by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Cellular ultrastructure is assessed with transmission electron microscopy.POL extract promotes a healing effect on colitis by regulating ERS‐autophagy through the protein kinase R‐like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)‐eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α)/Beclin1‐microtubule‐associated protein light chain 3II (LC3II) pathway.ConclusionOverall, the results of this study further confirm the anti‐inflammatory mechanism and protective effect of POL extract and provide a new research avenue for the clinical treatment of IBD.
Validation of cardiac diffusion tensor imaging sequences: A multicentre test–retest phantom study
Authors: Teh Irvin , Romero R. William A. , Boyle Jordan , Coll‐Font Jaume , Dall'Armellina Erica , Ennis Daniel B. , Ferreira Pedro F. , Kalra Prateek , Kolipaka Arunark , Kozerke Sebastian , Lohr David , Mongeon François‐Pierre , Moulin Kévin , Nguyen Christopher , Nielles‐Vallespin Sonia , Raterman Brian , Schreiber Laura M. , Scott Andrew D. , Sosnovik David E. , Stoeck Christian T. , Tous Cyril , Tunnicliffe Elizabeth M. , Weng Andreas M. , Croisille Pierre , Viallon Magalie , Schneider Jürgen E. 
Published: December 2021

Cardiac diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an emerging technique for the in vivo characterisation of myocardial microstructure, and there is a growing need for its validation and standardisation. We sought to establish the accuracy, precision, repeatability and reproducibility of state‐of‐the‐art pulse sequences for cardiac DTI among 10 centres internationally. Phantoms comprising 0%–20% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were scanned with DTI using a product pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE; N = 10 sites) sequence, and a custom motion‐compensated spin echo (SE; N = 5) or stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM; N = 5) sequence suitable for cardiac DTI in vivo. A second identical scan was performed 1–9 days later, and the data were analysed centrally. The average mean diffusivities (MDs) in 0% PVP were (1.124, 1.130, 1.113) x 10−3 mm2/s for PGSE, SE and STEAM, respectively, and accurate to within 1.5% of reference data from the literature. The coefficients of variation in MDs across sites were 2.6%, 3.1% and 2.1% for PGSE, SE and STEAM, respectively, and were similar to previous studies using only PGSE. Reproducibility in MD was excellent, with mean differences in PGSE, SE and STEAM of (0.3 ± 2.3, 0.24 ± 0.95, 0.52 ± 0.58) x 10−5 mm2/s (mean ± 1.96 SD). We show that custom sequences for cardiac DTI provide accurate, precise, repeatable and reproducible measurements. Further work in anisotropic and/or deforming phantoms is warranted.
A finite addition of matter elements method for modeling and solution of an SLM thermal problem by a multiscale method
Authors: Ruyssen Romain , Ben Dhia Hachmi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this article, we are interested in flexible modeling and performing solution of transient thermal selective laser melting problems. For this, we first introduce a finite addition of matter elements method (FAMEM) to generate any wished finite sequence of thermal problems, defined in additively constructed domains. Second, we use the multiscale Arlequin frame‐work to develop a three‐level Arlequin weak‐strong formulation of each problem of the finite sequence. Two Arlequin patches are used in the latter to localize the steepest thermal gradients and the nonlinear phase‐change phenomena, allowing for fine local approximations and the localized nonlinearity treatment by an algorithm we develop. These patches are identified via the solution of a representative mono‐domain transient thermal problem. The latter is also solved with our three‐level Arlequin method for comparison of the solutions and respective performances of both approaches. Moreover, two dimensional tests consisting in the creation of a 316 L stainless steel wall and a two AlSi10Mg layers, are carried out to further enlighten our global approach and to position it with respect to literature.
Fabrication and characterization of micro alumina zirconia particulate filled dental restorative composite materials
Authors: Meena Anoj , Bisht Diksha , Yadav Ramkumar , Saini Sonu , Dangayach Govind Sharan , Patnaik Amar , Meena Makkhan Lal 
Published: December 2021

AbstractComposite resin is quickly becoming the most extensively utilized material in the field of cosmetic and restorative dentistry. It eliminates the problem of poisonous nature caused by the amalgam's mercury content. This research article is based on the outcome of adding micro‐alumina and zirconia particulates filled dental composites on the physical properties, mechanical properties, and wear analysis. Three dental composites named AZDC2, AZDC4, and AZDC6, were prepared. Alumina microparticles were constant (6 wt%) while zirconia microparticles were varying (2, 4, and 6 wt%). Two‐body wear was performed on pin‐on‐disc friction & wear test rig under dry sliding for all three dental composites under different normal load (20, 40, and 60 N) and sliding speed (10, 15, and 20 mm/s). The experiments were designed as per L9 Taguchi orthogonal array. The least volumetric wear was found in AZDC6 dental composite under a sliding velocity of 15 mm/s and a normal load of 20 N. From the ANOVA analysis, normal load and filler content were the significant factors affecting the volumetric wear with a significance level 5%, respectively. Dental composite AZDC6 exhibited maximum compressive strength (451.49 MPa). Micro hybrid particulates‐filled dental composites improve physical and mechanical characterization.
Promotion of the photoacid generation performance of sulfonium salts by inhibiting the isomerization of conjugated systems using a cyclization strategy
Authors: Wei Junkun , Chen Shixiong , Wan Decheng , Jin Ming 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis work describes an original structure−reactivity relationship within a series of sulfonium salts synthesized using a cyclization strategy. The new sulfonium salt comprises a stilbene subunit decorated with a combination of cyclized structure, that is, carbocyclic ring, furan ring, and thiophene ring, to inhibit the isomerization of double bond systems. The photoacid generation efficiency of such cyclized stilbene derivative sulfonium salts is mainly modulated by the five‐membered ring structures and the substituent as confirmed by photodegradation, in situ nuclear magnetic resonance, and cyclic voltammetry. Such cyclization drastically regulates the population of highly reactive excited singlet species and thus enhances the photoacid generation performance of the sulfonium salts by more than one order of magnitude within the series, especially when introducing oxygen to form the benzofuran ring structure. Given this amplified photoreactivity, the application potential of the photoinitiated cationic polymerization of the sulfonium salts was evaluated at different irradiation wavelengths.
Exploring predictors of and barriers to online prostate cancer community use: A cross‐sectional survey of users and non‐users
Authors: Pyle Denise , Tehan Gerry , Lamont‐Mills Andrea , Chambers Suzanne K. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveProstate cancer survivors are increasingly turning to online communities for support. This study explored predictors of and barriers to use.MethodsA prospective survey of 141 Australian prostate cancer survivors assessed sociodemographic, clinical, psychosocial, and attitudinal characteristics associated with intention to use, and subsequent use of online communities.ResultsThe sample was divided into current, past, and non‐user groups. Current users reported more intent to use online communities and had higher levels of social support. Current and past users, and their close contacts, held a more positive attitude towards use. Non‐users experienced more barriers to use, fewer life impacts due to health changes, and were more likely to live in rural or remote regions. According to current users online prostate cancer communities are too informal, to past users they are too time intensive, and non‐users believe they are too shallow. The most critical barriers to use were finding a suitable community, time to use them, and being capable of talking about or articulating their illness on the Internet. While these forums allow men to share experiences, gain recognition and understanding, and receive information, they may lead men to becoming too preoccupied with their illness and feeling more concerned about the consequences of their disease.ConclusionImproving attitudes towards online communities and reducing barriers to use may help better encourage men with unmet supportive care needs to seek help from these groups. Future research exploring supporter attitudes towards use and explicating how men are supported online is needed.
Scenario‐based fertility projections incorporating impacts of COVID‐19
Authors: Berrington Ann , Ellison Joanne , Kuang Bernice , Vasireddy Sindhu , Kulu Hill 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the recent declines in period fertility in the constituent countries of the UK during the past decade and speculates mechanisms through which the COVID‐19 pandemic could influence childbearing in the UK. The effects are likely to differ by age and presence of children. Considering potential forces acting on individuals at different ages and family sizes, we expect that the COVID‐19 pandemic will depress fertility, particularly among younger people. Because fertility at all ages was declining before the onset of the pandemic, this could mean a further decline in period fertility to historically low UK levels. We put forward a number of scenarios to examine the possible impact of the pandemic on numbers of live births. Our projections show that for three scenarios out of four, fertility is expected to decline over the next 3 years, leading to significantly fewer births annually compared with the pre‐pandemic period.
Constraint of musculoskeletal tissue and path planning of robot‐assisted fracture reduction with collision avoidance
Authors: Xu Haifei , Lei Jingtao , Hu Lei , Zhang Lihai 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundFor the robot‐assisted fracture reduction, due to the complex fracture musculoskeletal environment, it is necessary to consider the influence of soft tissue traction on preoperative reduction path planning.MethodAn improved 3D A* algorithm is adopted to plan the fracture reduction path. The distal fragment point clouds are updated to avoid the collision, and the end point coordinates of the muscles are updated to calculate muscular lengths during the path search.Results3D reduction path of long‐bone fracture is planned, effectively avoiding the fracture fragments collision and ensuring the length of the corresponding muscle is always less than the allowable maximum muscle length after elongation.ConclusionThe proposed method can effectively avoid the collision between the distal fragment and the proximal fragment during the fracture reduction, can avoid secondary injury of the muscles around the femoral bone caused by over‐distraction, and effectively improve the safety of robot reduction operation.
A compendium of sphere path integrals
Authors: Law Y.T. Albert 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe study the manifestly covariant and local 1-loop path integrals onSd+1for general massive, shift-symmetric and (partially) massless totally symmetric tensor fields of arbitrary spins ≥0 in any dimensionsd ≥2. After reviewing the cases of massless fields with spins= 1,2, we provide a detailed derivation for path integrals of massless fields of arbitrary integer spinss ≥1. Following the standard procedure of Wick-rotating the negative conformal modes, we find a higher spin analog of Polchinski’s phase for any integer spins ≥2. The derivations for low-spin (s= 0,1,2) massive, shift-symmetric and partially massless fields are also carried out explicitly. Finally, we provide general prescriptions for general massive and shift-symmetric fields of arbitrary integer spins and partially massless fields of arbitrary integer spins and depths.