bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of segmental agreement of T2 mapping versus triple inversion recovery in detection of acute myocardial edema
Authors: Kharabish Ahmed , Hosny Mohamed , Hassan Mohamed , Mahrous Mary Rabea , Elbayoumy Megahed , Ahmed Asmaa Elsayed , Deyaa Nahla , El Mozy Wesam , Behairy Noha 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
There are some limitations using the different sequences of clinical cardiac magnetic resonance (cardiac MR) in detection of edema in patients presenting with acute myocardial injury. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the myocardial segmental agreement between the different edema sequences: T2 mapping and turbo inversion recovery magnitude (TIRM) in detection of acute myocardial edema.

Results
Thirty-seven patients presented with acute infarction were sent to cardiac MR to assess myocardial edema. All cardiac MR studies were scanned using cine, TIRM, and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in short axis views (SAX). Position of the T2 mapping slices were copied from the TIRM. The left ventricle (LV) was divided into apical, mid, and basal segments per visualization of the papillary muscles. Edema mass was assessed separately in each segment as well as the total edema mass in both the TIRM and T2 mapping. Twenty-four patients of whom 12.5% had multi-territorial coronary lesions and edema were assessed. Myocardial edema was not assessed in thirteen patients (35%) due to significant intra myocardial hemorrhage (T2 mapping < 60 ms). No statistical significance was found between the TIRM and the T2 mapping neither in the total amount of edema (p = 0.79), nor in the LV basal, mid, and apical segments’ edema (p = 0.69, 0.5, and 0.8 respectively). The upper and lower limits of agreements were tested between the TIRM and the T2 mapping of total edema mass, basal segments, mid, and apical ventricular segments were = 18 and − 7.7 g, 11.3 and − 5.1 g, 12.3 and − 5.2 g, and 15.5 and − 7.8 g respectively.

Conclusion
This study supports the proof of the principle that there is no statistical significant difference per myocardial segments between the T2 mapping and routine edema’s sequences. Larger studies are recommended to assess the impact in clinical outcome.
Proposal to protect patients and healthcare professionals undergoing elective surgery during COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Arslan Gülten , Saraçoğlu Kemal Tolga , Aydiner Ömer , Demirhan Recep 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) scale on chest computerized tomography (CT) in addition to the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test in diagnosis of COVID-19 on patients who will undergo elective surgery to protect patients and healthcare professionals during the intense pandemic period and the correlation between CO-RADS scale and Total Severity Score (TSS). During the intensive pandemic until normalization, 253 patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent elective surgery with two negative RT-PCR results within the last 5 days and CO-RADS scale ≤ 3 on chest CT were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, type of anesthesia and surgery, department of clinic, chest CT findings, scale of CO-RADS and TSS on CT, patients’ postoperative hospital stay, follow-up time, and vital status (whether or not COVID-19 disease) at the hospital and discharge information were collected for each patient.

Results
The most frequently calculated CO-RADS score was found to be 1 (73.1%). It was followed by scale of CO-RADS 2 (20.9%). Regarding TSS, the most common TSS for the right and left lungs was 0 (91.7% and 92.5%, respectively). COVID-19 was not detected in any of the patients who were hospitalized for an average of 4.9 ± 6.4 days and followed-up for an average of 14.3 ± 8.2 days. It was observed that the CO-RADS score and TSS were positively and moderately correlated with each other (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
It was concluded that in early diagnostic of COVID-19, chest CT scans serve like a complementary diagnostic method in addition to RT-PCR testing to keep safe both the patients and health professionals and the scale of CO-RADS and TSS on CT are valuable in correlation with each other.
Natural Language Processing to Identify Cancer Treatments With Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Zeng Jiaming , Banerjee Imon , Henry A. Solomon , Wood Douglas J. , Shachter Ross D. , Gensheimer Michael F. , Rubin Daniel L. 
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE Knowing the treatments administered to patients with cancer is important for treatment planning and correlating treatment patterns with outcomes for personalized medicine study. However, existing methods to identify treatments are often lacking. We develop a natural language processing approach with structured electronic medical records and unstructured clinical notes to identify the initial treatment administered to patients with cancer. METHODS We used a total number of 4,412 patients with 483,782 clinical notes from the Stanford Cancer Institute Research Database containing patients with nonmetastatic prostate, oropharynx, and esophagus cancer. We trained treatment identification models for each cancer type separately and compared performance of using only structured, only unstructured ( bag-of-words, doc2vec, fasttext), and combinations of both ( structured + bow, structured + doc2vec, structured + fasttext). We optimized the identification model among five machine learning methods (logistic regression, multilayer perceptrons, random forest, support vector machines, and stochastic gradient boosting). The treatment information recorded in the cancer registry is the gold standard and compares our methods to an identification baseline with billing codes. RESULTS For prostate cancer, we achieved an f1-score of 0.99 (95% CI, 0.97 to 1.00) for radiation and 1.00 (95% CI, 0.99 to 1.00) for surgery using structured + doc2vec. For oropharynx cancer, we achieved an f1-score of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.58 to 0.93) for chemoradiation and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.69 to 0.95) for surgery using doc2vec. For esophagus cancer, we achieved an f1-score of 1.0 (95% CI, 1.0 to 1.0) for both chemoradiation and surgery using all combinations of structured and unstructured data. We found that employing the free-text clinical notes outperforms using the billing codes or only structured data for all three cancer types. CONCLUSION Our results show that treatment identification using free-text clinical notes greatly improves upon the performance using billing codes and simple structured data. The approach can be used for treatment cohort identification and adapted for longitudinal cancer treatment identification.
Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Real-World Cost Consequence Analysis
Authors: Buja Alessandra , Pasello Giulia , De Luca Giuseppe , Bortolami Alberto , Zorzi Manuel , Rea Federico , Pinato Carlo , Dal Cin Antonella , De Polo Anna , Schiavon Marco , Zuin Andrea , Marchetti Marco , Scroccaro Giovanna , Baldo Vincenzo , Rugge Massimo , Guarneri Valentina , Conte PierFranco 
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE:The present work aimed at conducting a real-world data analysis on the management costs and survival analysis comparing data from non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases diagnosed in the Veneto region before (2015) and after (2017) the implementation of a regional diagnostic and therapeutic pathway including all new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.METHOD:This study considered 254 incidental cases of NSCLC in 2015 and 228 in 2017 within the territory of the Padua province (Italy), as recorded by the Veneto Cancer Registry. Tobit regression analysis was performed to verify if total and each item costs (2 years after NSCLC diagnosis) are associated with index year, adjusting by year of diagnosis, sex, age, and stage at diagnosis. Logistic regression models were run to study overall mortality at 2 years, adjusting by the same covariates.RESULTS:The 2017 cohort had a lower mortality odd (odds ratio, 0.93; P = .02) and a significant increase in the average overall costs ( P = .009) than the 2015 cohort. The Tobit regression analysis by cost item showed a very significant increase in the average cost of drugs (coefficient = 5,953, P = .008) for the 2017 cohort, as well as a decrease in the average cost of hospice care (coefficient = –1,822.6, P = .022).CONCLUSION:Our study showed a survival improvement for patients with NSCLC as well as an economic burden growth. Physicians should therefore be encouraged to follow new clinical care pathways, while the steadily rising related costs underscore the need for policymakers and health professionals to pursue.
Thyroid Cancer and Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chablani Sumedha V , Sabra Mona M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced endocrinologists to utilize telemedicine to care for their patients. There is limited information on the experience of endocrinologists in managing patients with thyroid cancer virtually. We sent a 9-item questionnaire to endocrinologists and endocrine surgeons at our institution to better understand the barriers and benefits of caring for patients with thyroid cancer via telemedicine, as well as how we can incorporate telemedicine into our future care of patients with this malignancy. Among the 9 physicians who responded, the majority listed technological issues with the virtual platform as a challenge in caring for patients with thyroid cancer remotely. Additional barriers included difficulty in expressing empathy, decreased ability to coordinate care with the interdisciplinary team, and lack of the physical examination. Benefits included compliance with social distancing measures and convenience for patients with American Thyroid Association (ATA) low-risk thyroid cancer who presented for follow-up visits. Overall, physicians were satisfied or strongly satisfied with caring for patients with thyroid cancer remotely, especially low-risk patients on long-term follow-up. That said, they recommend that some patients be seen in person after the pandemic, including symptomatic patients and ATA high-risk patients. While the COVID-19 pandemic has allowed endocrinologists to manage patients with thyroid cancer remotely, the providers have faced challenges, some of which can be improved upon. Further studies will help determine how telemedicine affects patient outcomes, including satisfaction, disease progression, and survival, which will inform how we may incorporate this practice into our future care of patients with thyroid cancer.
“No Man’s Ocean Ever Did Get the Best of Me”
Authors: Cannon Nissa Ren 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBy the late 1920s steam travel was faster, more comfortable, and more affordable than ever before, and there were more shipping lines, operating more ships, than in the past. The major lines could not compete with one another in terms of cost or speed, so they wooed customers by focusing on passenger comfort, attempting to one-up each other’s luxury. It is in this context that Claude McKay wrote a novel about an African seaman who makes two miserable passages across the Atlantic—the first as a stowaway, the second in first class. This article reads McKay’s novel as a revision of the narrative of liberating and luxurious ocean travel promoted by the shipping lines and argues that Romance in Marseille offers novel possibilities and implications for maritime and oceanic studies because it asks readers to recognize overlaps between different forms of mobility and, in characteristic McKay fashion, to resist reductive interpretation.
Prezado afilhado José, recebi sua carta, que li com a maior atenção: escritos da Goméia a José Daniel das Neves (1948-1972)
Authors: Mendes Andrea 
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo se propõe a apresentar uma seleção de correspondências pertencentes à coleção particular de José Daniel das Neves (1937-2009), conhecido no culto como Tata Lemba Nanguê, Ogan José Daniel ou simplesmente Zé Daniel da Goméia. Sendo até hoje uma das grandes referências da Goméia, apadrinhado e confirmado no candomblé por Joãozinho, em Salvador, José Daniel agrupou uma pequena série de cartas endereçadas a ele ou à sua mãe, enviadas por Joãozinho e outras pessoas vinculadas à Goméia, formando um acervo composto, além das cartas, por recortes de jornais e revistas, fotografias e outros elementos ligados à memória de seu padrinho e tata de inquice. A carta, comumente utilizada como meio de comunicação, é um gênero de escrita cuja importância ultrapassa a função meramente comunicativa, e que oscila no fio tênue que divide os limites fronteiriços entre o público e o privado. Para além do fato de conter elementos ligados à vida privada dos personagens envolvidos, a escrita epistolar pode servir como fonte para a pesquisa histórica, revelando particularidades do cotidiano dos correspondentes em questão, bem como de seu entorno e contexto histórico, a partir de fragmentos que podem ser extraídos e confrontados com outras fontes documentais. Esses fragmentos, como pequenos indícios apontados por Carlo Ginzburg no exercício da pesquisa histórica, podem servir como recurso valioso na busca da compreensão sobre o percurso de Joãozinho e sua comunidade religiosa.
A critical evaluation of the National Innovation Accelerator programme: comparing eHealth and medical device-based innovations
Authors: Mansel Clayton , Sarnataro Raffaele , Liu Peter Jianrui 
Published: April 2021

Background/Aims The National Innovation Accelerator was developed in 2014 to increase the uptake of innovation across the NHS by providing strategic funding to candidates. This study aimed to critically evaluate the success of the National Innovation Accelerator in supporting innovation in the NHS. Methods Innovations that were supported by the National Innovation Accelerator were categorised into ‘eHealth’, ‘healthcare centre medical devices’, ‘mobile medical devices’ and ‘other’. Peer-reviewed literature was used to assess all innovation types. For eHealth innovations, organic website traffic and app store reviews were also used to assess patient engagement and popularity. Results The majority of innovations supported by the programme were categorised as eHealth; however, these were also more likely to be unsuccessful in terms of patient engagement. Meanwhile, healthcare centre and mobile medical devices were likely to be supported by peer-reviewed studies and clinical trials. Conclusions The success of the National Innovation Accelerator in supporting healthcare innovation varies depending on the type of innovation, with innovations in medical devices achieving greater success than eHealth innovations.
Possible use of fluorescence from iodine blocking filter in high-spectral-resolution lidar to detect Mie scattering signals
Authors: Sugimoto Nobuo , Jin Yoshitaka , Nishizawa Tomoaki 
Published: April 2021

The detection of atmospheric backscattering signals using fluorescence from an iodine blocking filter in high-spectral-resolution lidar was studied experimentally. The efficiency of detection is determined by the fluorescence quantum efficiency and the optical efficiency of collecting fluorescence. The quantum efficiency was estimated to be

∼

0.08

from the measured fluorescence lifetime of 0.18 µs and the radiative lifetime of 2.3 µs estimated from the literature. The efficiency of collecting fluorescence was low (

∼

0.008

) in the current system. Measurements of atmospheric backscattering were performed, and it was confirmed that the method actually detected the Mie scattering component of the signal.
Ultrawide FSR microring racetrack resonator with an integrated Fabry–Perot cavity for refractive index sensing
Authors: Kumar Bag Saawan , Varshney Shailendra K. 
Published: April 2021

We propose a simple route to obtain an ultrawide free spectral range (FSR) using a composite racetrack microring resonator (RMRR) with Fabry–Perot cavities. The presence of two Fabry–Perot cavities in the straight arm of the RMRR suppresses other peaks while yielding a single resonance dip with a high extinction ratio. A comprehensive, detailed mathematical description and finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations investigate the proposed device performances. The modified RMRR yields an FSR value greater than 150 nm while retaining the unmodified ring resonator’s

Q

-factor. Other than its application in communications, the device also will be highly useful for sensing. FDTD simulations show a sensitivity of 185 nm/RIU, which is 2.6 times larger than the unmodified RMRR. The proposed device also enjoys compactness and a wide tunability range and has less fabrication complexity. The proposed sensor could be a strong candidate in optical communications, optical switching, and many other applications.
Predictors of preterm birth in Western Ethiopia: A case control study
Authors: Regasa Misganu Teshoma , Hinkosa Leta , Besho Merga , Bekele Tilahun , Bekuma Tariku Tesfaye , Tsegaye Reta , Hirko Getahun Fetensa , Markos Jote , Wakgari Aga 
Published: April 2021

Background
Early neonatal death caused by preterm birth contributes the most for perinatal death. The prevalence of preterm birth continues to rise and is a significant public health problem. The exact cause of preterm birth is yet unanswered, as mostly preterm birth happens spontaneously. Predictors of preterm birth in developing countries like Ethiopia were not well investigated, and no study was conducted before this in the study area.

Objectives
To identify predictors of preterm birth in Western Ethiopia, 2017/2018.

Methods
Health facility-based unmatched case-control study was conducted from October 20/2017-march 20/2018 in 4 Hospitals. A total sample size of 358 women was recruited. From this 72 were cases and 286 were controls. Cases were mothers who gave Preterm birth, and controls were mothers who gave birth at term. Ethical clearance was obtained from Wollega University ethical review committee. A pre tested, structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data entry and analysis was done using Epi Data 3.1 and SPSS version 21, respectively. Logistic regression was done to identify predictors of preterm birth.

Result
Three hundred fifty-eight women participated in this study of which 72 were cases and 286 were controls; making the overall response rate of 100%. Lack of antenatal care visit [AOR = 3.18, 95% CI 1.37–7.38]),(Having 1–2 antenatal care visit [AOR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.18–4.35]),history of previous preterm)[AOR = 5.19, 95% CI1.29–20.88],Short Interpregnancy Interval [AOR = 4.41.95% CI 2.05–9.47],Having Reproductive tract infections [AOR = 2.54, 95% CI 1.02–6.32] and having Obstetric complications [AOR = 2.48,95% CI 1.31–4.71] were found to be predictors of preterm birth.

Conclusion and recommendation
Risk factors of preterm delivery are multifactorial and depend on geographical and demographic features of the population studied. Hence results of studies from one area might not be applicable to another area. Antenatal care visits are unique opportunities for early diagnosis and treatment of problems. Therefore, antenatal care should be strengthened, and appropriate counseling should be given at each antenatal care follow up. Maintainning optimum birth interval through family planning, and early identification and treatment of reproductive tract infections are mandatory.
Trajectories of healthy ageing among older adults with multimorbidity: A growth mixture model using harmonised data from eight ATHLOS cohorts
Authors: Nguyen Hai , Moreno-Agostino Dario , Chua Kia-Chong , Vitoratou Silia , Prina A. Matthew 
Published: April 2021

Objectives
In this study we aimed to 1) describe healthy ageing trajectory patterns, 2) examine the association between multimorbidity and patterns of healthy ageing trajectories, and 3) evaluate how different groups of diseases might affect the projection of healthy ageing trajectories over time.

Setting and participants
Our study was based on 130880 individuals from the Ageing Trajectories of Health: Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies (ATHLOS) harmonised dataset, as well as 9171 individuals from Waves 2–7 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA).

Methods
Using a healthy ageing index score, which comprised 41 items, covering various domains of health and ageing, as outcome, we employed the growth mixture model approach to identify the latent classes of individuals with different healthy ageing trajectories. A multinomial logistic regression was conducted to assess if and how multimorbidity status and multimorbidity patterns were associated with changes in healthy ageing, controlled for sociodemographic and lifestyle risk factors.

Results
Three similar patterns of healthy ageing trajectories were identified in the ATHLOS and ELSA datasets: 1) a ‘high stable’ group (76% in ATHLOS, 61% in ELSA), 2) a ‘low stable’ group (22% in ATHLOS, 36% in ELSA) and 3) a ‘rapid decline’ group (2% in ATHLOS, 3% in ELSA). Those with multimorbidity were 1.7 times (OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.4–2.1) more likely to be in the ‘rapid decline’ group and 11.7 times (OR = 11.7 95% CI: 10.9–12.6) more likely to be in the ‘low stable’ group, compared with people without multimorbidity. The cardiorespiratory/arthritis/cataracts group was associated with both the ‘rapid decline’ and the ‘low stable’ groups (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.2–3.8 and OR = 9.8, 95% CI: 7.5–12.7 respectively).

Conclusion
Healthy ageing is heterogeneous. While multimorbidity was associated with higher odds of having poorer healthy ageing trajectories, the extent to which healthy ageing trajectories were projected to decline depended on the specific patterns of multimorbidity.
Utility of Fatty Liver Index to predict reversion to normoglycemia in people with prediabetes
Authors: Busquets-Cortés Carla , Bennasar-Veny Miquel , López-González Ángel Arturo , Fresneda Sergio , Abbate Manuela , Yáñez Aina M. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundFatty Liver Index (FLI) is strongly associated with changes in glycemic status and incident Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). The probability of reverting to normoglycemia from a state prediabetes could be determined by FLI, however such relationship remains poorly understood.AimTo determine the clinical interest of using FLI to estimate prediabetes reversion at 5 years in patients with impaired fasting plasma glucose at baseline, and identify those factors associated with changes in FLI, that could contribute to the reversion of prediabetes.MethodsThis 5-year cohort study included 16,648 Spanish working adults with prediabetes. Prediabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) between 100 and 125 mg/dl according to the ADA criteria, while prediabetes reversion was defined as a FPG <100 mg/dL. The population was classified as: FLI <30 (no hepatic steatosis), FLI 30–59 (intermediate status), and FLI ≥60 (hepatic steatosis).ResultsAt 5 years follow-up, 33.7% of subjects reverted to normoglycemia (annual rate of 6.7%). The adjusted binomial logistic regression model showed that scoring FLI <30 (OR 1.544; 95% CI 1.355–1.759), performing at least 150 min/week of physical activity (OR 4.600; 95% CI 4.088–5.177) and consuming fruits and vegetables daily (OR 1.682; 95% CI 1.526–1.855) were associated with the probability of reverting form prediabetes to normoglycemia. The ROC curve for prediction of reversion showed that FLI (AUC 0.774;95% CI 0.767–0.781) was a better predictor than FPG (AUC 0.656; 95% CI 0.648–0.664).ConclusionsRegular physical activity, healthy dietary habits and absence of hepatic steatosis are independently associated with the probability of reversion to normoglycemia in adult workers with prediabetes at baseline. Low FLI values (especially FLI< 30) may be useful to predict the probability of prediabetes reversion, especially in active subjects with healthy eating habits, and thus identify those who might benefit from early lifestyle intervention.