bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic, Practice and Clinical Management Characteristics of Osteopaths Referring to, and Receiving Referrals from, Podiatrists: Secondary Analysis of a Nationally Representative Sample of Australian Osteopaths.
Authors: Fleischmann Michael , Vaughan Brett , Bird Adam , Grace Sandra , Fitzgerald Kylie , McLeod Gopi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Interprofessional care is paramount in contemporary healthcare practice. How different professions interact, and the characteristics of those practitioners who practice in an interprofessional way are rarely described in the literature. The aim of the current work was to identify the demographic, practice and clinical management characteristics of Australian osteopaths who report referring to, and receiving referrals from, podiatrists Methods The study was a secondary analysis of data from the Osteopathy Research and Innovation Network (ORION). Inferential statistics were generated to identify statistically significant demographic, practice and clinical management characteristics associated with referrals. Significant characteristics were then entered into a backward logistic regression model. Results Nine-hundred and ninety-two Australian osteopaths responded to the questionnaire. Sending referrals to a podiatrist was reported by 651 participants (65.6%) and receiving referrals from a podiatrist by 471 participants (47.5%). Australian osteopaths who reported referring to podiatrists were more likely to report receiving referrals from podiatrists (ORadj 10.82) and use diagnostic imaging (ORadj 9.87). Receiving referrals from a podiatrist was associated with sending referrals to a podiatrist (ORadj 10.04) and also being co-located with a podiatrist (ORadj 2.02). Conclusion This study provides initial evidence for the referral relationship between Australian osteopaths and podiatrists. Further work is now required to understand the nature of these referrals, including the complaints resulting in referral and outcomes of care. This information will be invaluable to those involved in health policy development and the professions advocating for their role in the wider healthcare system.
Causal Relationship between Educational Attainment and the Risk of Rheumatoid&nbsp;Arthritis: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Huang Guiwu , Cai Jiahao , Li Wenchang , Zhong Yanlin , Liao Weiming , Wu Peihui 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Educational attainment is moderately heritable and positively associated with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis. However, the causality from educational attainment on rheumatoid arthritis remained unknown. Here, we aimed to determine whether educational attainment is causally associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.Methods Summary statistics data for RA were obtained from an available, published meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that included 14,361 RA cases and 43,923 controls of European ancestry. The instrumental variables for educational attainment were obtained from a GWAS meta-analysis that included over 1 million individuals (N = 1,131,881) of European ancestry. MR analyses were performed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger methods. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the association using the Cochran Q test, MR Egger intercept test, “leave-one-out” analysis and MR-PRESSO test.Results A total of 387 SNPs were employed as instrumental variables in our MR analysis. Genetically predicted higher educational attainment was associated with a significantly lower risk of RA using the IVW method (odds ratio [OR] = 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.34–0.52; p = 1.78×10−14). The weighted median and MR Egger methods yielded consistent results. The causality remained robust after discarding the outlier variants and SNPs associated with the confounding factors. "Leave-one-out" analysis confirmed the stability of our results. Additionally, the results demonstrated the absence of the horizontal pleiotropy.Conclusions The MR analysis supported a potential inverse causative relationship between educational attainment and the risk of RA.
Patient-Reported Noninfectious Comorbidities in Chinese HIV-Infected Patients: The Gaps Among Self-Awareness, Diagnosis, and Prevalence
Authors: Chen Jun , Lu Hongzhou , Liu Shuiqing , Liu Jun , Ding Haibo , Wang Rugang , Meng Zhihao , Zhang Peng , Wei Yinghua , Wang Lijing , Yang Jie , Zhang Jian , Zhao Qingxia , Chen Xiaohong , Ou Ruzhi , He Yuanhong , Chen Yahong , Chen Juan , Wang Min , Zhu Biao , Chen Yaokai , Jin Juan , Liu An , Zhou Yang , Gao Guijv , Ma Ping , Wei Hongxia , Su Feifei , Ruan Lianguo , Jiang Tianjun , Zheng Nanhong , Yu Jianhua , Xu Guangyong , Qian Feng , Huang Cenmian , Du Lingyao , Wang Na , Zhou Huiling , Peng Jie 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: This study was performed to investigate the gaps among patient-reported data, physician-reported data, and laboratory test data in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and to detect potential risk factors for the awareness gap. Methods: We included patients from 38 hospitals in China. Patient-reported data, physician-reported data, and laboratory test data on four typical noninfectious comorbidities (NICMs) (osteoporosis, kidney disease, neuropsychiatric comorbidities, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD)) were collected. We compared differences in and consistency of these types of data and investigated the associations between baseline characteristics and the awareness gap between patients and physicians. Results: This study included 1390 patients. The difference between the diagnosis rate and laboratory test positivity rate for all NICMs was significant. Patient-reported data on the three NICMs other than kidney disease were significantly different from the diagnosis rates. The agreement between patients and physicians for all NICMs was poor. The region, infection stage, hospital level, sex, and age influenced the awareness gap between patients and physicians. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that NICMs in HIV-infected patients in China are underestimated; gaps among patient awareness of disease exist, the clinical diagnosis rate, and the actual prevalence; patient characteristics influence the awareness gap between patients and physicians.
A Science-Policy Framework for a Green Economic Recovery After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zachariadis Theodoros , Giannakis Elias , Taliotis Constantinos , Karmellos Marios , Fylaktos Nestor , Howells Mark , Blyth William , Hallegatte Stephane 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
As current production and consumption patterns of humanity exceed planetary boundaries, many opinion leaders have stressed the need to adopt green economic stimulus policies in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we provide an integrated multi-stakeholder framework to design an economic recovery strategy aligned with sustainability objectives. We first employ quantitative energy and economic models and then design a multi-criteria decision process in which we engage social actors from government, enterprises, and civil society. As a case study, we select green recovery measures that are relevant for a European Union country and assess their appropriateness with numerous criteria related to socio-economic and environmental sustainability and resilience. Results highlight trade-offs between immediate and long-run effects, between economic and environmental objectives, and between expert evidence and societal priorities. Importantly, we find that a ‘return-to-normal’ economic stimulus is not only environmentally unsustainable but also economically inferior to most green recovery schemes.
Periodontal Health and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Exacerbations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kelly Niamh , Winning Lewis , Irwin Christopher , Lundy Fionnuala , Linden Dermot , McGarvey Lorcan , Linden Gerard , karim Ikhlas El 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundA growing body of evidence suggests a role for oral bacteria in lung infections. This systematic review aimed to analyse the association between poor periodontal health and the frequency of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. MethodsPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and Medline were searched for studies published until May 2020, with no language restriction. Studies reporting periodontal condition, or periodontal treatment outcomes, with data on the frequency of exacerbations of COPD, were identified. The primary outcome was the frequency of exacerbations and secondary outcomes included quality of life and hospitalisation. Studies were assessed for eligibility and quality by two assessors independently.Results Searches identified 532 records and 8 met the inclusion criteria. The data from intervention studies showed reduction in the frequency of exacerbations following periodontal treatment. Data from observational studies suggest association of worse plaque scores with exacerbation but not pocket depth or clinical attachment loss. Better periodontal health was also associated with reduced frequency of COPD exacerbations, hospitalisations and improved quality of life in COPD patients. Due to the high heterogeneity no meta-analysis was performed. The quality of some of the included studies was low and there was evidence of high risk of bias.ConclusionThe data supports possible association between poor periodontal health, the frequency of exacerbations and quality of life in COPD patients. The evidence is limited by high risk of bias suggesting need for well-designed and adequately powered randomised control trials.The PROSPERO registration number CRD42020180328
Diagnostic Utility of PD-L1 and TP-53 mRNA As Well As microRNAs Expression in Liquid Biopsy of NSCLC Patients – Pilot Study
Authors: Grenda Anna , Kuźnar-Kamińska Barbara , Krzyżanowska Natalia , Krawczyk Paweł , Janiszewska Mariola , Batura-Gabryel Halina , Milanowski Janusz 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Introduction The expression of PD-L1 (programed cell death ligand 1) protein on neoplastic cells is a factor qualifying cancer patients for immunotherapy. However, the status of PD-L1 mRNA expression in plasma or serum has not been well studied in cancer patients. TP-53 (Tumor Protein p53) as tumor suppressor affects the expression of many genes, including microRNAs that regulate PD-L1 expression. Purpose of our study was to evaluate usefulness of analysis of PD-L1 mRNA, microRNAs and TP-53 mRNA expression in liquid biopsy in non-invasive diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer patients (NSCLC).Material and methods We examined the expression the expression of TP-53 and PD-L1 mRNA as well as seven microRNAs (miR-17, miR-93, miR-142, miR-519, miR-526, miR-34a-5p and miR-34a-3p) in plasma obtained from 80 NSCLC patients and 39 healthy volunteers. We used quantitative PCR preceded by reverse transcription method.Results We observed PD-L1 mRNA expression only in 6 (7.5%) NSCLC patients. We showed that expression of TP-53 mRNA and each tested microRNAs were significantly higher in healthy person than in NSCLC patients. Based on the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, we found that TP-53 mRNA and each of examined microRNAs expression were good diagnostic markers for non-invasive diagnosis of NSCLC. We found a significant, negative correlation between TP-53 mRNA and miR-17 (R=-045, p=0.0005) as well as miR-34a-5p (R=-0.32, p=0.04) expression in patients with advanced NSCLC.Conclusion The decreased expression of TP-53 mRNA may influence the disruption of microRNAs which could be involved in the regulation of PD-L1 expression in NSCLC patients
Neurological Manifestations as the Predictors of Severity and Mortality in Hospitalized Individuals with COVID-19: A Multicenter Prospective Clinical Study
Authors: Amanat Man , Rezaei Nima , Roozbeh Mehrdad , Shojaei Maziar , Tafakhori Abbas , Zoghi Anahita , Darazam Ilad Alavi , Salehi Mona , Karimialavijeh Ehsan , Lima Behnam Safarpour , Garakani Amir , Vaccaro Alexander , Ramezani Mahtab 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds: The reports of neurological symptoms are increasing in cases with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This multi-center prospective study was conducted to determine the incidence of neurological manifestations in hospitalized cases with COVID-19 and assess these symptoms as the predictors of severity and death. Methods: Hospitalized males and females with COVID-19 who aged over 18 years were included in the study. They were examined by two neurologists at the time of admission. All survived cases were followed for eight weeks after discharge and 16 weeks if their symptoms had no improvements. Results: We included 873 participants. Of eligible cases, 122 individuals (13.97%) died during hospitalization. The most common non-neurological manifestations were fever (81.1%), cough (76.1%), fatigue (36.1%), and shortness of breath (27.6%). Aging, male gender, co-morbidity, smoking, hemoptysis, chest tightness, and shortness of breath were associated with increased odds of severe cases and/or mortality. There were 561 (64.3%) cases with smell and taste dysfunctions (hyposmia: 58.6%; anosmia: 41.4%; dysguesia: 100%). They were more common among females (69.7%) and non-smokers (66.7%). Hyposmia/anosmia and dysgeusia were found to be associated with reduced odds of severe cases and mortality. Myalgia (24.8%), headaches (12.6%), and dizziness (11.9%) were other common neurological symptoms. Headaches had negative correlation with severity and death due to COVID-19 but myalgia and dizziness were not associated. The cerebrovascular events (n=10) and status epilepticus (n=1) were other neurological findings. The partial or full recovery of smell and taste dysfunctions was found in 95.2% after eight weeks and 97.3% after 16 weeks. The parosmia (30.9%) and phantosmia (9.0%) were also reported during 8 weeks of follow-up. Five cases with mild headaches and 5 cases with myalgia were reported after 16 weeks of discharge. The demyelinating myelitis (n=1) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (n=1) were also found during follow-up.Conclusion: Neurological symptoms were found to be prevalent among individuals with COVID-19 disease and should not be under-estimated during the current pandemic outbreak.
The minimal COVID-19 vaccination coverage and efficacy to compensate for potential increase of transmission contacts, and increased transmission probability of the emerging strains
Authors: Tang Biao , Zhang Xue , Li Qian , Bragazzi Nicola , Golemi-Kotra Dasantila , Wu Jianhong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Mass immunization is a potentially effective approach to finally control the local outbreak and global spread of COVID-19 pandemic. However, it can also lead to undesirable outcomes if mass vaccination results in increased transmission effective contacts and relaxation of other public health interventions due to the perceived immunity from the vaccine. Methods: We designed a mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission dynamics that takes into consideration the epidemiological status, public health intervention status (quarantined/isolated), immunity status of the population, and the strain variations. Comparing the control reproduction numbers and the final epidemic sizes (attack rate) in the cases with and without vaccination, we quantified some key factors determining when vaccination in the population is beneficial for preventing and controlling future outbreaks. Results: Our analyses predicted that there is a critical (minimal) vaccine efficacy rate (or a critical quarantine rate) below which the control reproduction number with vaccination is higher than that without vaccination, and the final attack rate in the population is also higher with the vaccination. We also predicted the worst case scenario occurs when a high vaccine coverage is achieved for a vaccine with lower efficacy rate and when the vaccines increase the transmission efficient contacts.Conclusions: The analyses show that an immunization program with a vaccine efficacy rate below the predicted critical values will not be as effective as simply investing in the contact tracing/quarantine/isolation implementation. We reached similar conclusions by considering the final epidemic size (or attack rates). This research then highlights the importance of monitoring the impact on transmissibility and vaccine efficacy of emerging strains.
Perceived Quality of Life and Associated Factors Among Patients with Severe Mental illness in Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shumye Seid , Amare Tadele , Derajew Habtamu , Endris Merdia , Mengistu Nebiyu , Belayneh Zelalem 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Severe mental illness is strongly associated with an impaired quality of life. This intern can affect the treatment adherence and outcomes of the illness. However, due attention was not given this alarming issue Therefore; assessment of quality of life of patients with severe mental illness and its correlates is a yardstick measure for the effectiveness of the mental health service.Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1 to 16, 2018 at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. A systematic random sampling technique was used to get a total number of 394 samples. Data were collected using interview-administered questionnaires. World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version, The collected data were coded, entered into EpiDATA version 3.1 and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Simple and multiple linear regression analysis were used to assess the contributing factors of quality of life in the participants and B coefficient with 95% CI confidence interval was used. The statistical significance was accepted at p-value < 0.05.RESULT: Mean quality of life score of patients with severe mental illness for each domain (mean± SD) was 41.3±7.5, 42.8±8.2, 38.9±8.9, and 41.8±6.5 for physical, psychological, social and environmental, respectively. Multiple regression analysis showed the age of participants was strongly positively correlated with all domains of quality of life. It predicts above 45% of the variability in each domain. Social support is also another strong predictor which was negatively correlated with all domains of quality of life, except physical. Conclusion: The study revealed that the mean score quality of life of patients with severe mental illness in each domain was low. This demonstrates a need for improving quality of among people with severe mental illness. Moreover, prevention and early intervention of co-morbid medical conditions is also recommended too.
Optimal design method of sealing depth in methane drainage boreholes to realize efficient drainage
Authors: Yi Minghao , Wang Liang , Hao Congmeng , Liu Qingquan , Wang Zhenyang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The purpose of underground methane drainage technology is to eliminate methane disasters and enable the efficient use of coal mine methane (CMM). The sealing depth is a key factor that affects the underground methane drainage performance. In this work, the layouts of bedding and crossing boreholes were considered to analyze the stress distribution and failure characteristics of roadway surrounding rocks through a numerical simulation and field stress investigation to determine a reasonable sealing depth. The results demonstrated that the depths of the plastic zone and elastic zone in the Xutuan and Qinan coal mines were 16 m and 20 m, respectively. Borehole sealing could minimize the air leakage through the fractures around the roadway when the sealing material covered the failure and plastic zones. In addition, the field test results of CMM drainage at different sealing depths indicated that the CMM drainage efficiency increased with an increase in the sealing depth and not change when the sealing depth exceeded the plastic zone. Moreover, sealing in the high permeability roadway surrounding rock did not strongly influence the borehole sealing performance. Considering these findings, a new CMM drainage system for a specific sealing depth and length was developed, which could effectively improve the CMM drainage efficiency and prolong the high concentration CMM drainage period. The proposed approach can be a valuable quantitative analysis method to select the optimized sealing parameters for underground methane drainage, which can considerably improve the drainage and utilization rates of CMM.
Future Challenges of Nursing in Health System of Iran
Authors: Barasteh Salman , rassouli Maryam , Karimirad Mohammad Reza , Ebadi Abbas 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Nursing development is considered as one of the most important ways to achieve the universal health coverage and sustainable develop goals in different countries. Nursing in Iran has the potential to provide services at all levels of universal health coverage. Therefore, planning for nursing in Iran needs to recognize the future challenges. This study aims to explore the future challenges of nursing in the health system of Iran from the view of expertsMethods: In this qualitative study, 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted with nursing experts by purposive sampling in 2017-2018. Interviews were recorded and transcribed and framework analysis method were used to analysis the data.Results: The results showed that a favorable future requires planning in three areas of nursing governance challenges, including centralized nursing stewardship, policy-making and legislation, monitoring and evaluation, and cooperation and communication with other institutions, inadequacy of professional development with social demands, including community-based nursing, nursing upgrades with disease patterns, expanding home care, expanding care centers, and use of technology, the challenge of human resource management, including nursing education tailored to the needs of the community, empowering nursing managers, recruiting and retaining nurses, and specialized nursing.Conclusions: A favorable future requires establishing a coherent nursing government, professional developing of nursing based on social demands, and enhancing human resources in line with the emerging needs of the future.