bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creation of a Combination Antibiogram for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Thompson R. Zachary , Sargel Cheryl L. , Moore-Clingenpeel Melissa , Karsies Todd J. 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
This study describes the creation of a combination antibiogram directed toward Pseudomonas aeruginosa to determine the most appropriate empiric antimicrobial regimen(s).

METHODS
P aeruginosa isolates were collected from all sites between January 2013 and December 2017 for patients admitted to the PICU. Patients with cystic fibrosis and isolates from the same site and susceptibility pattern obtained within 30 days were excluded. β-Lactam susceptibilities were determined and compared with the addition of an aminoglycoside or fluroquinolone and summarized in a combination antibiogram.

RESULTS
One hundred ninety-nine P aeruginosa isolates were included for analysis. The addition of a second agent to piperacillin-tazobactam was shown to have the most significant improvement among the β-lactams, with 70% susceptibility as monotherapy and increases to above 90% with the addition of an aminoglycoside or fluroquinolone. The addition of an aminoglycoside or fluroquinolone to cefepime and meropenem increased coverage to above 95%. The addition of a second agent was likely to increase susceptibility of a monotherapy backbone; however, as the susceptibility of the first-line agent decreased, the susceptibility of the second agent needed to be higher to achieve a 95% coverage threshold.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results support use of a second agent to significantly improve the likelihood of appropriate empiric coverage of P aeruginosa. Use of a combination antibiogram may be more beneficial than a simple antibiogram for units with increasing resistance rates, or for coverage of specific resistant organisms.
The leukocyte telomere length, single nucleotide polymorphisms near TERC gene and risk of COPD
Authors: Tacheva Tanya , Zienolddiny Shanbeh , Dimov Dimo , Vlaykova Denitsa , Vlaykova Tatyana 
Published: November 2021

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by irreversible airflow obstruction and is associated with chronic local and systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. The enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation have been reported to affect telomere length (TL). Furthermore, a number of SNPs at loci encoding the main components of the telomerase genes, TERT and TERC have been shown to correlate with TL. We aimed to explore the leukocyte TL and genotypes for single nucleotide polymorphisms, rs12696304 (C > G) and rs10936599 (C > T) near TERC in COPD cases and matched healthy controls using q-PCR technologies. Successful assessment of TL was performed for 91 patients and 88 controls. The patients had shorter TL (17919.36 ± 1203.01 bp) compared to controls (21 271.48 ± 1891.36 bp) although not significant (p = 0.137). The TL did not associate with the gender, age, spirometric indexes, smoking habits but tended to correlate negatively with BMI (Rho = − 0.215, p = 0.076) in the controls, but not in COPD patients. The genotype frequencies of the SNPs rs12696304 and rs10936599 were compared between patients and controls and the odds ratios (OR) for developing COPD were calculated. The carriers of the common homozygous (CC) genotypes of the SNPs had higher risk for COPD, compared to carriers of the variants alleles (rs12696304 CG+GG vs. CC; OR: 0.615, 95% CI [0.424–0.894], p = 0.011 and for rs10936599 CT+TT vs. CC OR = 0.668, 95% CI [0.457–0.976], p = 0.044). Analysis on the combined effects of the TERC rs12696304 (C > G) and rs10936599 (C > T) genotypes, CC/CC genotype combination was associated with higher risk for COPD (p < 0.0001) and marginally lower FEV1% pr. in patients with GOLD II (p = 0.052). There was no association between the SNP genotypes and TL. In summary, our results suggest that COPD patients may have shorter TL, and rs12696304 and rs10936599 near TERC may affect the risk of COPD independently of TL.
Environmental changes in Yellow River Delta with terrace construction and agricultural cropping
Authors: He Dongxiao , Chu Jianmin , Yang Hongxiao 
Published: November 2021

Background
Crude flats in delta areas are often saline–alkaline and unsuitable for agricultural cropping. In the 1990s, people residing in the Yellow River delta constructed terraces on the flats for agricultural development. Herein, we investigated environmental changes resulting from this agricultural development and evaluated whether the current land use is effective and sustainable.

Methods
We sampled soil and weeds from croplands, terrace slopes, and crude flats within the delta terrace landscape. The measured soil properties included soil salinity, pH, total N, total P, and organic matter in different lands and soil layers: 0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm. The surveyed weed characteristics were the biomass of roots and rhizomes, species composition, life form, cover and height. These indices were statistically verified by different land types and soil layers.

Results
Soil salinity in the terrace crop lands was found to have reduced to <4 g·kg−1, whereas in the crude flats, remained >6 g·kg−1. Soil pH in the terrace croplands was surprisingly increased to >9 ; meanwhile, organic matter content decreased drastically, which is significantly different from that observed in the case of terrace slopes and crude flats. Total N and P content in the terrace crop lands were seemingly unchanged on averages but at the depths >20 cm, they reduced unavoidably. Plant underground organs were relatively scarcer in the croplands than in the other lands. Weeds grew well on the terrace slopes but were insufficient in the croplands. Overall, terrace construction is effective for developing coastal saline flats for agricultural use, but the traditional land use in the Yellow River delta has caused chronic soil degradation that is against a sustainable productive industry.
Kajian Implementasi Universal Design Pada Interior Perpustakaan Umum di Balai Pemuda Kota Surabaya
Authors: Valentine Airin , Ardana I GN. , Thamrin Diana 
Published: November 2021

Perpustakaan sebagai fasilitas publik dikunjungi oleh berbagai lapisan masyarakat termasuk anak-anak dan masyarakat yang memiliki kebutuhan khusus. Oleh karena itu, aksesibilitas dan penyediaan fasilitas perlu memperhatikan tujuh prinsip universal desain (TPUD). Universal Desain digunakan untuk merancang suatu produk/fasilitas agar semua orang dapat memanfaatkan tanpa harus melakukan proses adaptasi secara khusus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis penerapan TPUD serta mengusulkan solusi desain yang dapat diterapkan pada interior Perpustakaan Umum Balai Pemuda. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data memakai metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh diolah secara deskriptif analitik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 13 ruang yang ada dalam Perpustakaan Balai Pemuda, hanya dua ruang saja yang memenuhi tujuh prinsip universal desain, sedangkan 11 ruang lainnya masih baru menerapkan beberapa prinsipnya saja sehingga membutuhkan solusi desain yang didasari oleh TPUD. Solusi desain yang diusulkan terdiri atas: (1) mengubah desain yang mudah digunakan bagi pengunjung dengan kursi roda, anak-anak, dan lansia; (2) mengubah tata letak fasilitas yang tersedia agar lebih efektif; (3) menambah keterangan pada signage untuk memperjelas informasi; (4) menambah sistem keamanan pada ramp dan stopkontak; (5) menambah desain toilet khusus difabel; serta (6) mendesain ulang area wastafel yang dapat digunakan oleh pengunjung dengan kursi roda dan anak-anak.
Perancangan Produk Interior Premium Berbasis Optimasi Penerapan Karakteristik Fisik Kayu Kelapa
Authors: Anggoro Yunivia , Santosa Adi , Junica P. Celline 
Published: November 2021

Perancangan ini bertujuan untuk mengolah sumber daya alam yang jumlahnya masih berlimpah di Indonesia dan menjadikan kayu kelapa sebagai material substitusi kayu-kayu di pasaran yang mulai langka. Metode perancangan yang digunakan terdiri dari delapan tahap. Empat tahap pertama adalah memahami material, eksplorasi joint, mendesain konektor besi, dan melakukan tes terhadap kestabilan konektor tersebut. Setelah ditemukan desain konektor besi terbaik, tahapan berikutnya adalah mendesain produk, merealisasikan produk, memasarkan produk, dan melakukan evaluasi. Hasil perancangan berupa tiga set produk interior yang terdiri dari tiga belas produk mulai dari mebel, aksesoris, hingga elemen interior. Optimasi yang telah dilakukan menghasilkan produk interior yang tidak hanya menawarkan desain yang premium, namun juga memiliki ketahanan produk yang juga baik.
Effects of gratitude intervention on mental health and well-being among workers: A systematic review
Authors: Komase Yu , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Hori Daisuke , Nozawa Kyosuke , Hidaka Yui , Iida Mako , Imamura Kotaro , Kawakami Norito 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Gratitude intervention, which requires participants to engage regularly in brief activities designed to cultivate a sense of gratefulness, is known as one of the most effective positive psychological interventions. Although numerous meta-analyses and systematic reviews have been conducted on gratitude intervention, no studies have focused on the working population. This study aimed to systematically summarize the effectiveness of gratitude interventions on workers’ mental health and well-being.

Methods
Systematic search was conducted in February 2021 using five databases. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials implementing gratitude activities among healthy workers and measuring mental health or well-being indicators and original articles or thesis in English.

Results
Nine out of 1957 articles met the inclusion criteria. Eight studies adopted gratitude list interventions, showing a significant improvement in perceived stress and depression; however, the effects on well-being were inconsistent. Interventions with gratitude list four times or less did not report significant changes in any outcomes.

Conclusions
Most gratitude interventions incorporated a gratitude list, and some studies included gratitude activities as a part of the combined program. On the other hand, no studies focused on only behavioral gratitude expression among workers. Gratitude interventions might be effective in improving mental health, but their effects on well-being remain unclear. The total number of gratitude lists and reflections might influence the effect on mental health and well-being; however, due to the high heterogeneity of the studies, further studies are needed.
Lattice Orientation Heredity in the Transformation of 2D Epitaxial Films
Authors: Xu Xiangming , Smajic Jasmin , Li Kuang‐hui , Min Jung‐Wook , Lei Yongjiu , Davaasuren Bambar , He Xin , Zhang Xixiang , Ooi Boon S. , Costa Pedro M. F. J. , Alshareef Husam N. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe ability to control lattice orientation is often an essential requirement in the growth of both 2D van der Waals (vdW) layered and nonlayered thin films. Here, a unique and universal phenomenon termed “lattice orientation heredity” (LOH) is reported. LOH enables product films (including 2D‐layered materials) to inherit the lattice orientation from reactant films in a chemical conversion process, excluding the requirement on the substrate lattice order. The process universality is demonstrated by investigating the lattice transformations in the carbonization, nitridation, and sulfurization of epitaxial MoO2, ZnO, and In2O3 thin films. Their resultant compounds all inherit the mono‐oriented crystal feature from their precursor oxides, including 2D vdW‐layered semiconductors (e.g., MoS2), metallic films (e.g., MXene‐like Mo2C and MoN), wide‐bandgap semiconductors (e.g., hexagonal ZnS), and ferroelectric semiconductors (e.g., In2S3). Using LOH‐grown MoN as a seeding layer, mono‐oriented GaN is achieved on an amorphous quartz substrate. The LOH process presents a universal strategy capable of growing epitaxial thin films (including 2D vdW‐layered materials) not only on single‐crystalline but also on noncrystalline substrates.
Liquid Gating Meniscus‐Shaped Deformable Magnetoelastic Membranes with Self‐Driven Regulation of Gas/Liquid Release
Authors: Liu Jing , Xu Xue , Lei Yi , Zhang Mengchuang , Sheng Zhizhi , Wang Huimeng , Cao Min , Zhang Jian , Hou Xu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLiquid gating membranes have been demonstrated to show unprecedented properties of dynamicity, stability, adaptivity, and stimulus‐responsiveness. Most recently, smart liquid gating membranes have attracted increasing attention to bring some brand‐new properties for real‐world applications, and various environment‐driven systems have been created. Here, a self‐driven system of a smart liquid gating membrane is further developed by designing a new sytem based on a liquid gating magnetoelastic porous membrane with reversible meniscus‐shaped deformations, and it is not subject to the complex gating liquid restriction of magnetorheological fluids. Compared with other systems, this magnetic‐responsive self‐driven system has the advantage that it provides a universal and convenient way to realize active regulation of gas/liquid release. Experiments and theoretical calculations demonstrate the stability, the nonfouling behavior, and the tunability of the system. In addition, this system can be used to perfectly open and close gas transport, and the gating pressure threshold for the liquid release can be reduced under the same conditions. Based on the above capabilities, combined with the fast and 3D contactless operation, it will be of benefit in fields ranging from visible gas/liquid mixture content monitoring and energy‐saving multiphase separation, remote fluid release, and beyond.
Low‐Threshold, Highly Stable Colloidal Quantum Dot Short‐Wave Infrared Laser enabled by Suppression of Trap‐Assisted Auger Recombination
Authors: Taghipour Nima , Whitworth Guy L. , Othonos Andreas , Dalmases Mariona , Pradhan Santanu , Wang Yongjie , Kumar Gaurav , Konstantatos Gerasimos 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPb‐chalcogenide colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are attractive materials to be used as tuneable laser media across the infrared spectrum. However, excessive nonradiative Auger recombination due to the presence of trap states outcompetes light amplification by rapidly annihilating the exciton population, leading to high gain thresholds. Here, a binary blend is employed of CQDs and ZnO nanocrystals in order to passivate the in‐gap trap states of PbS‐CQD gain medium. Using transient absorption, a fivefold increase is measured in Auger lifetime demonstrating the suppression of trap‐assisted Auger recombination. By doing so, a twofold reduction is achieved in amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) threshold. Finally, by integrating the proposed binary blend to a distributed feedback (DFB) resonator, single‐mode lasing emission is demonstrated at 1650 nm with a linewidth of 1.23 nm (0.62 meV), operating at a low lasing threshold of ≈385 μJ cm–2. The Auger suppression in this system has allowed to achieve unprecedented lasing emission stability for a CQD laser with recorded continuous operation of 5 h at room temperature and ambient conditions.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Hybrid Layered Thermoelectric Materials Based on PEDOT/SnS Doped with Ag
Authors: Serrano‐Claumarchirant José F. , Igual‐Muñoz Ana María , Culebras Mario , Collins Maurice N. , Cantarero Andrés , Gómez Clara M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDue to the increasing energy demand and public awareness of climate change and environmental problems, sustainable energy development has become one of the most strategic areas of research. In this work, a hybrid layered thermoelectric material is produced, which consists of the combination of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and tin sulfide (SnS). The films are produced by the electrochemical deposition of SnS on the surface of a PEDOT electrode. The thermoelectric properties are optimized by controlling the doping level of SnS by adding Ag. As a consequence, the power factor is remarkably improved up to 58.6 µW m–1 K–2, which is more than two orders of magnitude higher than that of the undoped materials.
Naturally Occurring 2D Heterostructure Nagyágite with Anisotropic Optical Properties
Authors: Dasgupta Arindam , Gao Jie , Yang Xiaodong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNagyágite is a naturally occurring layered van der Waals heterostructure composed of alternating layers of [Pb(Pb,Sb)S2] and [(Au,Te)], where the component lattices are commensurately modulated. The weak van der Waals stacking between the heterolayers facilitates mechanical exfoliation. Due to its monoclinic crystal structure, nagyágite exhibits structural anisotropy which induces strong optical anisotropy. Here, the anisotropic optical properties of ultrathin nagyágite flakes mechanically exfoliated from a natural mineral are demonstrated through angle‐resolved polarized Raman scattering, linear dichroism, and polarization‐dependent anisotropic third‐harmonic generation. The study establishes nagyágite as a new type of natural van der Waals heterostructure based 2D material, which can be exploited for realizing ultrathin anisotropic optical devices for future on‐chip photonic integrated circuits.
Room‐Temperature Direct Synthesis of Tetragonal β‐CsPbI3 Nanocrystals
Authors: Chen Dejian , Huang Decai , Yang Mingwei , Xu Kunyuan , Hu Jie , Xu Feixiang , Liang Sisi , Zhu Haomiao 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPhase engineering of CsPbI3 nanocrystals (NCs) is a priority for their optoelectronic applications. So far, the scalable and room‐temperature direct synthesis of black phase CsPbI3 NCs remains an enormous challenge because of the thermal unequilibrium‐induced phase transition. Herein the direct synthesis is reported of metastable β‐CsPbI3 NCs in gram‐scale at room‐temperature in seconds via spontaneous crystallization. The obtained β‐CsPbI3 NCs exhibit good monodispersity, narrow‐band far‐red emission (716 nm, FWHM = 38 nm) as well as a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 62%. The crystallization dynamics of β‐CsPbI3 NCs are revealed through in situ UV–vis absorption and photoluminescence spectra analysis. Finally, a photon‐to‐photon conversion indirect X‐ray detector based on the phase‐stable NCs/polystyrene film is preliminarily demonstrated. This scalable and low‐cost preparation of high‐quality metastable β‐CsPbI3 NCs will pave the way for their future commercial applications in novel optoelectronic devices.
Multilayer Conductive Hybrid Nanosheets as Versatile Hybridization Matrices for Optimizing the Defect Structure, Structural Ordering, and Energy‐Functionality of Nanostructured Materials
Authors: Kwon Nam Hee , Jin Xiaoyan , Kim Se‐Jun , Kim Hyungjun , Hwang Seong‐Ju 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe hybridization of conductive nanospecies has garnered significant research interest because of its high efficacy in improving the diverse functionalities of nanostructured materials. In this study, a novel synthetic strategy is developed to optimize the defect structure, structural ordering, and energy‐related functionality of nanostructured‐materials by employing a multilayer multicomponent two‐dimenstional (2D) graphene/metal oxide/graphene nanosheet (NS) as a versatile hybridization matrix. The hybridization of the robust trilayer, polydiallyldiammonium (PDDA)‐anchored reduced‐graphene oxide (prGO)/metal oxide/prGO NS effectively enhance the structural ordering and porosity of the hybridized MoS2/MnO2 NS through suppression of defect formation and tight stacking. In comparison with monolayer rGO/RuO2 NS‐based homologs, the 2D superlattice trilayer prGO/RuO2/prGO NS hybrids deliver better functionalities as a hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst and as a supercapacitor electrode, demonstrating the merits of hybridization with multilayer NSs. The advantages of using multilayer multicomponent conductive NSs as hybridization matrices arise from the enhancement of charge and mass transport through the layer flattening or defect suppression of the hybridized NSs and the increase in porosity, as evidenced by density functional theory calculations. Finally, the universal utility of multilayer NSs is confirmed by investigating the strong effect of the stacking order on the electrocatalytic functionality of MoS2/rGO/RuO2 films fabricated through layer‐by‐layer deposition.
Synthesis of Naphthoquinone‐ and Pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline‐Fused Heterocycles and Tridemethoxy Lamellarin D
Authors: Jhang Jia‐Wei , Manjappa Kiran B. , Yang Ding‐Yah 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSynthesis of two lamellarin derivatives, that is, naphthoquinone‐fused pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline and tridemethoxy lamellarin D was reported. The former was synthesized by Lewis acid‐catalyzed oxidative cyclization of 6,7‐dimethoxynaphthalene‐1,4‐dione and papaverine to form the pentacyclic scaffold. The latter was prepared via base‐mediated Grob coupling of 1‐methylisoquinoline and 7‐methoxy‐3‐nitrocoumarin as a key step to construct the lamellarin skeleton.
Are demographic correlates of white‐faced capuchin monkey (Cebus capucinus) “Gargle and Twargle” vocalization rates consistent with the infanticide risk assessment hypothesis?
Authors: Duchesneau Alexa , Edelberg Daniel G. , Perry Susan E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractZahavi's “Bond Testing Hypothesis” states that irritating stimuli are used to elicit honest information from social partners regarding their attitudes towards the relationship. Two elements of theCebus capucinusvocal repertoire, the “gargle” and “twargle,” have been hypothesized to serve such a bond‐testing function. The greatest threat toC. capucinusinfant survival, and to adult female reproductive success, is infanticide perpetrated by alpha males. Thus, we predicted that infants (<8 months), pregnant females and females with infants would gargle/twargle at higher rates than the rest of the population, directing these vocalizations primarily to the alpha male. Over 16 years, researchers collected data via focal follows in 11 habituated groups of wild capuchins in Lomas Barbudal, Costa Rica. We found some support for our hypothesis. Infants and females with infants (<8 months) vocalized at higher rates than the rest of the population. Pregnant females did not vocalize at relatively high rates. Infants (age 8–23 months) were the only target group that vocalized more when the alpha male was not their father. Monkeys gargled and twargled most frequently towards the alpha male, who is both the perpetrator of infanticide and the most effective protector against potentially infanticidal males.
Unexpected Role of a Short‐Chain Dehydrogenase/Reductase Family Protein in Type II Polyketide Biosynthesis
Authors: Gao Yaojie , Zhao Yuchun , Zhou Jie , Yang Maohua , Lin Lin , Wang Wenning , Tao Meifeng , Deng Zixin , Jiang Ming 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe investigated the biosynthetic pathway of type II polyketide murayaquinone. The murayaquinone biosynthetic cluster contains genes for three putative short‐chain dehydrogenase/reductase family enzymes including MrqF and MrqH with known functions and MrqM with unclear function. We report the functional characterization of MrqM for its role in murayaquinone biosynthesis. Our gene deletion experiment and structural elucidation of the accumulated intermediates revealed that MrqM is related with the second polyketide ring cyclization, because the inactivation of mrqM resulted in the accumulation of an off‐pathway intermediate SEK43 and disrupted the second and third ring cyclization. Site‐directed mutagenesis studies showed that two conserved residues in MrqM and homologous proteins Y151 and K155 are essential for its activity. The previously proposed second/third ring cyclase, MrqD, might instead play another important role in the chain releasing step of the murayaquinone biosynthesis.