bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Séquences de guidage dans des sessions de jeux vidéo : comment co-construire la programmation d’une action dans l’interaction ?
Authors: Baldauf-Quilliatre Heike , Colón De Carvajal Isabel 
Published: March 2021

L’article étudie des séquences de guidage dans des interactions en situation de jeu vidéo : il propose ainsi une analyse de la programmation d’une action comme pratique interactive, séquentielle et multimodale. Sur la base d’enregistrements vidéo d’interactions naturelles, non élicitées lors de différents types de jeu, nous explorons les séquences de guidage comme une des activités par lesquelles les joueurs ou spectateurs montrent leur engagement, se positionnent dans le jeu et guident les joueurs en cours. Différentes séquences interactionnelles de ces guidages sont observées : NOW-instructions , propositions, explications, encouragements et évaluations. Nous mettons en avant l’importance de la co-construction du discours programmateur et nous proposons son ancrage dans une approche interactionnelle et multimodale en nous appuyant sur toutes les ressources interactionnelles disponibles.
Expositions différenciées et résistances sanitaires : les premiers mois d’épidémie dans les entrepôts logistiques
Authors: Benvegnù Carlotta , Gaborieau David , Rivoal Haude , Tranchant Lucas 
Published: March 2021

L’impact inégal de la pandémie en fonction des groupes sociaux, tout particulièrement la manière dont la maladie a interagi avec les inégalités de genre, de race ou de classe, les modes de vie et de logement, les conditions d’accès au soin, commence à être discuté ; son impact différencié sur les lieux de travail demeure moins exploré. Ceci est particulièrement le cas du secteur du transport et de la logistique, lequel a pourtant été rendu visiblement essentiel par le confinement. Les membres du GEL ont tenté de remédier à cette carence et nous livrent les résultats de leur enquête par temps de Covid.
Les acteurs noirs et le monde du théâtre
Authors: Bense Ferreira Alves Celia 
Published: March 2021

Résumé Cet article décrit le processus par lequel les relations entre race et marché de l’emploi théâtral évoluent. À partir d’une enquête sur le monde du théâtre de la baie de San Francisco et en se concentrant sur les acteurs noirs, leur emploi et leur carrière, il montre que le changement répond à une dynamique complexe liée au mécanisme de négociation des conventions de représentation phénotypique. Celui-ci est contraint par un facteur structurel, la stratification théâtrale. La négociation a lieu dans des arènes, les spectacles. Elle implique deux groupes défendant des intérêts distincts et qui, de par la division du travail de production spectaculaire, entretiennent un rapport fortement asymétrique à la négociation. Deux catégories analytiques en rendent compte : les organisateurs et les modeleurs. Les organisateurs sont ceux qui préparent, structurent et définissent les limites de la négociation des conventions de représentation phénotypique. Dans cet espace, les modeleurs façonnent ces conventions en utilisant leur corps et leur technique. Il n’y a renouvellement des conventions que lorsque le résultat de la négociation est validé au sommet de la hiérarchie théâtrale, principalement occupé par des organisateurs blancs.
Bureaucratisation par le haut, bureaucratisation par le bas. Diffusion et réception d’un instrument managérial dans le contexte de la santé au Bénin
Authors: Soriat Clément 
Published: March 2021

À partir d’une enquête de terrain et d’entretiens avec des responsables du Fonds mondial, cet article interroge, dans le contexte de la santé au Bénin, la diffusion d’un instrument d’action publique spécifique (la « gestion axée sur les résultats »). À travers ce processus, c’est plus généralement le mouvement de bureaucratisation propre à l’ère néolibéral qui est appréhendé. En particulier, il est rendu compte de la façon dont la rationalité managériale et le formalisme sont imposés par le Fonds mondial, par des techniques à la fois incitatives et répressives. Dans un deuxième temps, nous montrons que ces procédures font l’objet d’appropriations en fonction des logiques propres à l’administration béninoise. De ce point de vue, le rôle de « professionnel.le.s de l’action publique » est décisif. Individus appartenant à un groupe social favorisé, ils renforcent leurs positions par leur participation à des programmes internationaux, tout en luttant pour redéfinir les principes du fonctionnement de leur administration.
Prévalence et déterminants des risques psychosociaux du personnel en hôpital psychiatrique
Authors: Piperini Marie-Christine , Chaker Rawad , Simonian Stéphane , Garcia Jean-Philippe , Simeone Arnaud , Topouzkhanian Sylvia 
Published: March 2021

L’objectif de cette étude est d’établir un diagnostic des risques psychosociaux dans le contexte de l’hôpital psychiatrique en explorant leurs déterminants. Pour ce faire, nous avons réalisé une enquête par questionnaires auto-administrés auprès de personnels volontaires (soignants, administratifs, et techniques) de 3 CHS de la région Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne. Nos résultats indiquent que nous sommes pour les répondants à cette enquête, au-delà de la prévention primaire : les 510 répondants ont témoigné d’un vécu subjectif critique sur plusieurs dimensions des risques psychosociaux. Nos résultats ouvrent des perspectives utiles dans le domaine du management. Améliorer la perception du soutien social apporté par les supérieurs hiérarchiques contribuerait à réduire l’épuisement professionnel constaté. Réduire le stress favoriserait une amélioration du sentiment d’accomplissement personnel, dont notre étude montre la faiblesse.
Different Attitudes in the Management of Different Types of Status Epilepticus
Authors: Gömceli Yasemin Biçer , Altındağ Ebru Aykutlu , Baykan Betül , Commission Status Epilepticus 
Published: March 2021

Purpose:
The aim is to identify current diagnostic and therapeutic approach to different types of status epilepticus (SE) including convulsive SE (CSE), non-CSE (NCSE), and epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) to detect unmet needs and problems encountered during the management of these neurological emergencies in our country, Turkey.

Methods:
The specifically designed SE survey included 31 questions that were related to the incidence, the distribution of etiological causes, the diagnostic process, and the treatment approaches of the neurologists and individual electroencephalography (EEG) facilities of the institutions.

Results:
The total number of respondents was 152 with a median years of experience in professional practice of 10.8 years (1–39 years). The great majority of the neurologists preferred diazepam plus phenytoin as the first choice drug in the treatment of CSE. Of the respondents, only 55% accepted the SE as refractory after applying the second drug and they monitored these patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Most of the participants (67.7%) did not provide any treatment except the standard medical approaches, while only 39 (30.7%) had used immunotherapy in the treatment of super-refractory SE. Forty-seven respondents (37%) indicated that they had difficulty identifying NCSE on EEG. While 37% of the participants treated EPC patients with preserved consciousness in ICU by general anesthesia, only 15% were previously applied immunotherapy. Strikingly, 41% of the participants stated that they did not feel themselves as sufficiently competent in terms of practical and theoretical knowledge about the management of SE.

Conclusion:
We demonstrated that there are no standardized attitudes for the management of different types of SE among neurologists. It is worth to emphasize that the neurologists did not feel themselves sufficiently competent in terms of practical and theoretical knowledge, especially with regard to the subtypes of SE.
Health-seeking behaviour of commercial bus drivers in Uyo, Nigeria
Authors: Johnson Ofonime Effiong 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Commercial driving is a highly demanding job which often exposes the drivers to different health problems necessitating treatment. Various treatment options are available to these drivers. The objectives of this study were to assess the health problems and health-seeking practices of commercial bus drivers in Uyo, Nigeria.

Methodology:
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in March, 2020. Data collection was done using an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Analysis of data was carried out with IBM SPSS Statistics, version 20.0. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
A total of 121 male respondents participated in the study. The mean age of respondents was 40.45 ± 10.49 years. More than half 71 (58.7%) respondents had completed secondary education. The most common health problems reported by respondents were low back pain (55.4%), insomnia (55.4%) and body aches (52.1%). The usual sources of treatment were chemist (60.3%), herbal remedies (51.3%), health facility (25.6%) and self-medication (17.4%). Among 32 (26.4%) respondents that ever had fractures, 23 (71.9%) received treatment from bone setters. Care seeking in health facility as reported by the drivers was mainly influenced by treatment cost (43; 35.5%) and waiting time (23; 19.0%).

Conclusion:
Commercial drivers in this study obtained treatment more frequently from places outside the health facilities. Health education on advantages of expert medical consultations and treatment in health facilities should be carried out through their transport unions. Furthermore, mechanisms to reduce waiting time and treatment cost in health facilities should be explored for this group of workers.
Qualitative views on episiotomy amongst accouchers and pregnant women in a tertiary hospital in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Tex-Jack Dokuba , Eleke Chinemerem 
Published: March 2021

Background:
In 2018, the World Health Organization recommended the restrictive use of episiotomy by midwives and obstetricians on pregnant women undergoing vaginal birth. Unfortunately, the use of episiotomy is still fairly common in Africa.

Aim:
We examined the qualitative views on episiotomy amongst accouchers and pregnant women at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital in southern Nigeria.

Methods:
A cross-sectional design was employed. Census sampling was used to enrol 19 accouchers (house officer doctors = 7 and nurse-midwives = 12) and 43 third-trimester pregnant women. Narrative data were collected through focused group discussion using an interview guide and a digital audio recorder. Collected data were transcribed and subjected to coding, content and thematic analysis to enable categorisation of themes.

Results:
Respondents were 22–46 years old. The accouchers mentioned several indications for episiotomy which were not consistent with current evidence in literature. In contrast to pregnant women's views, the accouchers reported that episiotomy is a clinician's choice, so pre-informing the pregnant woman about it is optional. Pregnant women were of the view that they should be more involved by being the ones to decide whether they want to receive episiotomy or not. Even when the accouchers viewed episiotomy as having some clinical uses, the pregnant women suggested that episiotomy should be banned.

Conclusion:
The views of the accouchers and pregnant women were not totally aligned with each other. More sensitisation of accouchers and pregnant women is required to ensure re-alignment of views based on available evidence.
A single-centre audit of request forms and the 2011 appropriate use criteria for transthoracic echocardiography
Authors: Umuerri Ejiroghene Martha 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is a useful diagnostic tool in cardiology practice. The information provided by the requesting physician is a helpful guide in the interpretation of findings. This study aimed to audit echocardiography request forms (ECFs).

Methods:
A 3-year retrospective audit of echocardiography request forms (ERFs) received at a community-based echocardiography centre in Delta State, Nigeria. Delta State University Teaching Hospital Health Research Ethics Committee granted ethical approval to conduct this study. Data extracted from the ERFs were patients' name, age, sex, address and indication/background clinical information, the name and signature of requesting physician, name of referring hospital and date of the request. Evaluation of the appropriateness of the indications for echocardiography was done using 2011 Revised American College of Cardiology Foundation's appropriate use criteria (AUC). The corresponding echocardiograms were coded as normal or abnormal reports. Data were anonymised and analysed using the SPSS software version 23.

Results:
All the 412 ERFs audited had the names of the patients. The patients' age, sex and address were missing in 22.6%, 11.4% and 92.5% of the ERFs, respectively. A total of 119 (28.9%) ERFs lacked indication/clinical information and thus unclassifiable using the 2011 AUC. Of the remaining ERFs, the AUC was appropriate, inappropriate and uncertain in 259 (88.4%), 26 (8.9%) and 8 (2.7%), respectively. Majority of the ERFs with uncertain indications had normal echocardiograms. The echocardiograms of 78% (93/119) of the patients whose ERFs lacked indication/clinical information were abnormal.

Conclusion:
In this study, ERFs were inadequately filled. However, majority of the stated indications/clinical information for TTE were classified as appropriate.
The impact of chronic periodontitis on serum tumor necrosis factor-α and HbA1c levels in type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Abdalrahman Rehab Abdallah , Gismalla Bakri Gobara 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Diabetic patients are subject to chronic periodontitis which could adversely affect glycemic control.

Aim:
This study determined the impact of chronic periodontitis in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM 2).

Materials and Methods:
We compared the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and HbA1c% between DM 2 patients with chronic periodontitis (study group) and DM 2 patients without chronic periodontitis (control group).

Results:
Statistically significant differences in fasting blood glucose (FBS), HbA1c, and gingival index (GI) were observed between the study and control group. No differences were found in TNF-α between the patients of both the groups. However, higher levels of TNF-α and FBS were shown in diabetic patients with mild periodontitis group than in those with moderate or severe periodontitis.

Conclusion:
Chronic periodontitis could affect HbA1c levels in DM 2 patients. In addition, HbA1c was positively correlated with FBS and GI, while negatively correlated with TNF-α, which exhibited a higher level in mild periodontitis compared with severe and moderate periodontitis.
Clinical, serological, and radiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients in Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Nazir Imran , Al Shareef Mohammed , Rahman Sayed Shakeel Ur , Imran Iffat , Abdullah Hanan Mohamed , Shaaban Hossam El-din , Khalil Khalid , Al Hazmi Anas Mohammad M. , Mohammed Ahmed Waleed Amasaib , Al Kalkami Amna 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic is spreading across the globe at an alarming rate. The number of COVID-19 cases in Saudi Arabia is increasing daily. Saudi Arabia is a hot zone for outbreaks of infectious diseases like COVID-19, especially the Makkah area. Hence, determining the clinical characteristics along with serological, hematological, and radiological abnormalities in COVID-19 patients is important for epidemiological decision-making, such as control and surveillance strategies.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective descriptive study done in a single health-care hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, for 4-month period. We include admitted COVID-19 patients (confirmed with qualitative real-time polymerase chain reaction test) of any gender with age >14 years. The complete data of COVID-19 patients were extracted from electronic medical records. Data were analyzed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23. Categorical variables were presented as counts and percentages, where means and standard deviations (SDs) were extracted for continuous variables. Fisher's exact test was applied to assess association with mortality.

Results:
Total enrolled cases were 226. The mean age of the patients was 58 years with SD (±0.4458) and 95% confidence interval (2.688–2.810). The common clinical presentations were fever (77.4%), cough (77%), shortness of breath (53.5%), and myalgia (37.2%). Lymphopenia was observed in 54.4%, anemia in 8.4%, leukopenia in 16.4%, and thrombocytopenia in 9.3% of the patients. The fatality rate was 8.4% (n = 19) over this 4-month period.

Conclusion:
Advanced age and comorbidity plays a pivotal role in disease mortality. Elderly people's constant evaluation and management is of fundamental importance to decrease mortality.
Embryological considerations and evaluation of congenital anomalies of craniovertebral junction
Authors: Ravikanth Reddy , Majumdar Pooja 
Published: March 2021

Objectives:
Craniovertebral junction (CVJ) abnormalities constitute a group of treatable neurological disorders, especially in the Indian subcontinent. Thus, it is essential that clinicians should be able to make a precise diagnosis of abnormalities and rule out important mimickers on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) as this information ultimately helps determine the management, prognosis, and quality of life of patients. CVJ is the most complex part of the cervical region. Congenital malformations of this region can cause serious neurological deficit and require a surgical intervention. The present study was undertaken to know the embryological basis of the CVJ and to identify commonly observed congenital CVJ abnormalities, their frequency, and mode of presentation.

Materials and Methods:
Diagnosed cases of CVJ anomalies on dynamic MDCT head were reviewed at a tertiary care center between January 2014 to December 2019. Type of anomaly, clinical presentation, and associated malformations were recorded. Different types of variations were expressed in terms of percentage.

Results:
Congenital anomalies were seen in 42 cases. Fifteen types of anomalies were detected. Anomalies were either singly or in combination. The CVJ anomalies were more common in young adults (28%), almost equal in both sexes. The most common anomaly was basilar invagination (52.3%), followed by atlanto-occipital assimilation (33.3%), and Arnold–Chiari malformation is the most common soft tissue anomaly. In fourteen cases, additional anomalies of other vertebrae were present. The most common symptoms were weakness of extremities, neck pain, paresthesia, torticollis, and gait disturbances. About 28 patients got improved, 8 patients had residual deficit as that of preoperative status, and 4 patients got deteriorated after surgery, at 1-month follow-up. About 34 patients had improved, 5 remained static, and 3 patients got worsened at the end of 3-month follow-up. About 37 patients had improved, 4 patients remained static, and 2 patients got deteriorated at 6 months of follow-up. The patients with increased atlantodens interval 3–5 mm showed 77% improvement after surgery.

Conclusion:
Congenital CVJ anomalies, though rare, are fatal. CVJ abnormalities constitute an important group of treatable neurological disorders with diagnostic dilemma. The atlantodental interval is the most important preoperative prognostic marker. Dynamic CT imaging can provide additional useful information to the diagnosis of CVJ instability. To prevent long-term neurological problems, early diagnosis and treatment of congenital bony CVJ anomalies is important.
TÉCNICA DE LAVAGEM DE EQUIPOS APÓS ADMINISTRAÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS: ANÁLISE DE DIPIRONA EM VOLUME RESIDUAL POR VOLUMETRIA DE OXIRREDUÇÃO.
Authors: De Oliveira Gondim Ana Laura , Estrela Albergaria Maria Amélia 
Published: March 2021

Alguns riscos estão associados na escolha da via intravenosa como o surgimento de incompatibilidades, sendo que o produto resultante pode afetar a segurança e eficácia terapêutica. Os medicamentos administrados precisam conter a dose que foi prescrita, devendo ser infundido todo conteúdo a fim de garantir que o paciente receba a dose correta. No entanto, é comum que a quantidade de medicamento não chegue à veia do paciente, ficando retida dentro da extensão do equipo, denominado volume residual. No final da infusão do medicamento é possível lavar o equipo, proporcionando ao paciente uma resposta terapêutica mais efetiva, porém na prática clínica observa-se que a lavagem nem sempre acontece. A lavagem do equipo é fundamental para garantia da infusão completa do medicamento evitando subdoses e incompatibilidades. . O objetivo deste trabalho é determinar o volume necessário de solvente para lavar equipos de infusão volumétrica utilizados em pediatria preenchidos com solução injetável de dipirona. A metodologia utilizada para detectar dipirona é a iodimetria. As análises consistem em lavar o equipo até que se quantifique zero da solução injetável. As análises demonstraram que o volume de soro necessário para lavagem de equipos é de 15 mL. Após a lavagem do equipo com esse volume, a dipirona não foi detectada na solução de lavagem. De acordo com o presente estudo o volume de soro necessário para lavagem de equipo é de 15mL. Após a lavagem do equipo com esse volume, a dipirona não foi detectada na solução de lavagem.
СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЕ САМОУПРАВЛЕНИЕ КАК ФАКТОР ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ УЧЕБНОГО ПРОЦЕССА В УСЛОВИЯХ УНИВЕРСИТЕТА
Authors: Сапар Катаевич Шалабаев  
Published: March 2021

"В своем развитии любое государство должно делать акцент на активную молодежь. Только она способна коренным образом внести улучшения в развития страны. В настоящее время в Республике Казахстан вопросам студенческого самоуправления не уделено внимания, законодательно не регламентирован механизм взаимодействия студентов с администрацией учебного заведения. Кроме того, в статье освещаются некоторые вопросы, связанные с конкретной проблематикой студенческого коллективного самоуправления в Казахстане. Отмечено существование целого ряда типичных нарушений норм законодательства о студенческом самоуправлении: отчислении, восстановлении, переводе студентов с контракта на бюджет или наоборот, заселения и выселения из общежития без согласия органа студенческого самоуправления, назначения должностных лиц, ответственных за работу со студентами, без участия студенческих представителей. Так же в статье проанализирован зарубежный опыт студенческого коллективного самоуправления, определены организационные и правовые факторы, сформулированы выводы и рекомендации относительно перспектив развития студенческого самоуправления в Казахстане. Отмечено, что Казахстану необходима активизация деятельности студенческого совета при Министерстве образования и науки РК в части разъяснительной работы среди студентов о возможности студенческого самоуправления и новейшем зарубежном опыте в этой сфере. "
Aportes de la teoría feminista para (re)pensar el estado
Authors: Amaya Guerrero Romina 
Published: March 2021

El presente trabajo consiste en aportar algunas claves de los debates feministas que contribuyan a enriquecer las discusiones sobre el estado. La articulación propuesta tiene eje en los aportes del feminismo en diálogo con el marxismo, de las décadas del sesenta y setenta y, especialmente, los trabajos enmarcados en lo que se denominó el debate sobre el trabajo doméstico y se complementa con los aportes provenientes de los análisis críticos de la teoría de la derivación del estado.
En el trabajo se observan las manifestaciones de las relaciones de género a partir de la relación del estado y el mercado bajo la forma de estado neoconservadora de Argentina de la década noventa y los quiebres y continuidades a partir de la fase de metamorfosis del estado iniciada a partir de la insurrección del 2001.