bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Cholesterol Level As A Marker of Allergic Rhinitis Severity
Authors: Sheha Dina S , El-Korashi Lobna A , El-Begermy Marwa M , Elmahdi Amira R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
There is some evidences illustrated the relation between abnormal blood lipid profile and atopy. But, the evidence about relation between allergic rhinitis (AR) and cholesterol level is conflicting. We aimed to assess correlation between Cholesterol level and severity of AR.

Methods
50 AR patients were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Blood samples for blood cholesterol level were drawn from all patients.

Results
There was a statistically significant positive correlation between TC and visual analogue scale (VAS) score.

Conclusion
High cholesterol level in AR patients can be a marker of disease severity.
Non-albumin proteinuria in lupus nephritis with tubulointerstitial inflammation and its clinical significance
Authors: Okba Ashraf Mahmoud , Mahmoud Nehal Elfawy , Amin Mariam Maged , Mamdouh Mariam Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Tubulointerstitial inflammation (TI) associated with systemic lupus erythematosis is an increasing finding in lupus nephritis. TI severity may have prognostic significance in the renal outcomes of lupus nephritis. Here, we aimed to determine whether non-albumin proteinuria is associated with TI severity and with the renal response in lupus nephritis.

Objective
To investigate the possible association between non-albumin proteinuria, tubulointerstial inflammation severity and poor renal response after immunosuppressive treatment.

Patients and Methods
This is a case series study which was conducted on 100 patients with systemic lupus erythematosis recruited from the outpatient clinic of Clinical Immunology at Ain Shams University Hospitals. Subject ages were between 13-53 years old, each one was subjected to detailed history, physical examination, laboratory investigations including serum creatinine before and after treatment, protein/creatinine ratio before and after treatment, albumin/creatinine ratio, ESR, CRP, CBC, C3 C4, anti DNA, eGFR and renal biopsy

Results
Our results showed that non-albumin proteinuria (uPCR − uACR) was significantly higher in patients with moderate-to-severe TI than in patients with no-tomild TI. Further, higher uPCR − uACR levels at baseline were associated with poor renal response after 6 months of treatment.

Conclusion
we found that non-albumin proteinuria (uPCR-uACR) is associated with severe tubulointerstitial inflammation (TI) in lupus nephritis.
Relation between Obesity and Maternal Hypothyroxenemia during Early Pregnancy
Authors: Amer HMA , Abdelsalam MM , Girgis CA , Algamal MM 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aim of the Work
To study the relation between maternal obesity (indicated by BMI), maternal hypothyroidism, thyroid peroxidase antibodies and anti-thyroglobulin positivity during early pregnancy.

Patients and Methods
The study was conducted in Ain shams University Hospital and National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology. The study included women aged 19–40 who were pregnant at the 4th –8th weeks of gestation.

Results
obese group had the highest prevalence of overt (5.33%) and subclinical hypothyroidism (2.6%), highest mean TSH value, p value (0.007*). And the lowest mean FT4 with p value (0.017*) .Also obesity was associated with the highest prevalence of anti TPO (16%) and anti TG Abs (12%).

Conclusion
we concluded that maternal obesity may be associated with TPO anti TG positivity, subclinical hypothyroidism and overt hypothyroidism. Screening of thyroid function in obese pregnant females can detect maternal hypothyroidism and prevention of its hazard’s effects for both mother and fetus.
Serum Adiponectin and Resistin Levels in Association with Bronchial Asthma in Adults
Authors: Hosny Salwa S , Farres Mohamed N , Melek Nermine A.E , EL Mahdi Amira R , Kamal Sylvia T , El fotoh Radwa H. Abou 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The association between obesity and bronchial asthma has been demonstrated by many studies, either observational or interventional studies in both children and adults. However, the mechanism behind this association is still unknown. Many studies proposed that adipokines provide a mechanistic link between asthma and obesity. Adipokines may be proinflammatory (e.g. resistin) or anti-inflammatory (e.g. adiponectin). The Effects of these adipokines on the lungs have been proposed to have the potential to cause or exacerbate existing asthma.

Objective
To determine serum levels of adiponectin and resistin in adult asthmatics in comparison to non-asthmatics.

Methods
96 subjects were included in this study; 64 with bronchial asthma and 32 healthy individuals as control group. All the patients were subjected to the following: Full history, clinical examination, calculation of body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio, body fat percentage, asthma control test (ACT), Skin prick test (SPT) for common allergens, CBC, Total IgE, Pulmonary functions and measurement of serum adiponectin and resistin after overnight fasting by ELISA.

Results
The present study proved that patients with bronchial asthma had higher levels of serum Adiponectin and serum Resistin in comparison to control subjects.

Conclusion
Serum Resistin is increased in bronchial asthma and act as proinflammatory marker while serum Adiponectin might not act as anti-inflammatory in asthma in fact, it may exacerbate inflammation. Interaction between different adipokines need to be further studied.
Efficacy of the new Direct Acting Antiviral drugs in the treatment of Thalassemic HCV patients
Authors: Megahed Sherif A , El Touny Maha A , Ragab Iman A , Ahmed Ossama A , Ibrahim Shereen A , Naguib Gina G 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background and Objectives
B-thalassemia major patients are susceptible to Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection owing to life-long dependency for blood-transfusion. Moreover, this patient population is at risk of progression of liver fibrosis or development of cirrhosis as a consequence of both iron overload and HCV infection. However, patients with haemoglobinopathies and CHC have been excluded from the major clinical trials that led to the approval of DAAs, Hence, at present, limited experience is available regarding the safety and efficacy of DAAs in this population which is traditionally considered difficult to treat. Hence, this study was carried out to evaluate efficacy and safety of the combination regimen of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir for HCV infection in B-thalassemia major patients.

Methods
This study was conducted on 200 subjects divided into two groups, first group contains150 HCVThalassemic patients while the second group contains 50 HCV only patients. Each group was classified into easy to treat or difficult to treat and received sofosbuvir 400mg + daclatasvir 60mg once/day for the duration of 12 or 24 weeks according to the NCCVH Hepatitis C treatment protocol 2015. Sustained virological response at post-treatment week-12 (SVR-12) was defined as negative HCV-RNA at week-12 post treatment.

Results
In group (I), successful SVR was achieved in all patients (100%) in subgroup (Ia) while in subgroup (Ib) 12 patients didn’t achieve SVR (15.38%), 4 patients stopped due to side effects(5.13%) and 62 patient achieved SVR (79.49) with overall successful SVR of 134 out of 150 HCV-Thalassemic patients in group (I) (89.33%). in group (II), 2 patients didn’t achieve SVR (5.71%)and 33 patients achieved SVR (94.29%) in subgroup (IIa) while in subgroup (IIb) 2 patients didn’t achieve SVR (13.33%) and 13 patients achieved SVR (86.67%) with overall successful SVR of 46out of 50 HCV only patients in group (II) (92%). few patients suffered from minor side effects that didn’t require cessation of treatment but 4 patients developed major side effects in group (Ib) that required cessation of treatment. There were marked improvement in liver enzymes, Fib4 score, hemoglobin level and transfusion requirements in HCVThalassemic group after treatment.

Conclusion
A combination of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir is an efficacious and tolerable treatment regimen with negligible side effects for patients with thalassemia major and HCV infection.
Effect of Direct Acting Anti-Viral Drugs on Insulin Resistance and sensitivity Among Egyptian Chronic HCV Infected Patients
Authors: Yosef Tareq M , Ibrahim Wesam A , El-Nakeep Sarah A , ElGhandour Ahmed M , attiya Soha saied 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a worldwide infection, affecting up to 185 million people across the world. It carries a high risk for developing liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver-related deaths.

Aim of the Work
to assess the impact of direct acting anti-viral drugs on the status of insulin resistance and sensitivity in non-diabetic chronic HCV infection patients

Patients and Methods
study included 100 treatment naive patients with chronic infection of HCV attending the out-patient clinic at Gastro-enterology and Hepatology Department, Ain shams University and Kobry El Kobba Military Hospital between September 2017 till June 2019. Patients were diagnosed by HCV antibodies & HCV RNA by PCR.

Results
The fasting blood glucose, seum insulin and HbA1c were significantly decreased between the baseline and after SVR12. The 2Hrs PP was significantly increased between the baseline and after SVR12. The HOMA-IR showed significant decrease between the baseline and SVR12. The QUICKI and Matsuda Index showed significant increase at SVR12.

Conclusion
HOMA-IR, QUICKI and Matsuda index showed significant improvement between the baseline and after SVR12.
Impact of Direct Acting Antiviral Agents on kidney function in Hepatitis C Virus infected patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Sarhan Iman I , Mohamed Osama M , Hebah Hayam A , Ahmed Ossama A , Khedr Lina E , Mahmoud Wedad A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Despite the significant link between HCV and CKD progression, most of the patients with CKD infected with HCV remain untreated, because they have historically been difficult to treat due to common adverse effects associated with interferon (IFN), ribavirin, and first generation protease inhibitors. Recently, there have been major advancements in the treatment of HCV with the development of new directacting antivirals (DAAs).

Objectives
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of DAAs and their impact on kidney function in CKD patients.

Patients and Methods
We conducted a prospective observational study on 100 CKD patients stages 3-4, receiving treatment for HCV at MASRI (faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Research Institute), with two different DAAs regimens, completed over six months follow up.
Kidney function was followed during and after treatment.

Results
Sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved in all patients. AKI (acute kidney injury) was uncommon; it occurred in three (3%) patients, out of them, two patients showed complete recovery. Adverse events were common (43%), but serious adverse events were uncommon (2%).Improvement of eGFR (8-15 ml/min/1.73 m2) and proteinuria was found in both study groups.

Conclusion
DAAs were effective and welltolerated for HCV infected patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease, where viral clearance caused improvement in eGFR and proteinuria.
Role of Hepcidin as a biomarker for iron status in patients on regular hemodialysis after treatment of hepatitis C virus
Authors: El Sharkawy Magdy M , Abdelaziz Haitham E , Khedr Lina E , Sharaf Mohamed A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Hepcidin, an acute phase reactant protein produced in the liver, is a key regulator of iron homeostasis. Because of its renal elimination and regulation by inflammation, it is possible that progressive renal insufficiency leads to altered hepcidin metabolism.

Aim of the work
to assess effect of HCV treatment on hepcidin levels in regular heamodialysis patients and its relation to iron status.

Patients and Methods
This cross sectional study was conducted on 45 ESRD patients on regular hemodialysis. All candidates included in this study subjected to careful history taking, full clinical examination and investigations (including complete blood count, HCVAb, HBVsAg and HIVAb). All patients had positive antibodies for hepatitis C; however, all of them had negative PCR and negative HIV, HBV antibodies.

Results
In our study, dry weight ranged from 46 to 117 kg with mean 77.36. Weight gain ranged from 2 to 5 kg with mean 3.09.About 87% of patients had LTAVF access. About 12 patients (27%) received blood transfusion once. Timing of transfusion ranged from 4 to 60 month with median of 24 months. Regarding frequency of epoetin dose, 11 patients (24.4%) did not receive epoetin, 16 patients (35.6%) received it twice/week. Only 3 patients (6.7%) received iron therapy for time ranging from 3 to 5 months with mean of 4 months. Mean Hb concentration in our study population was 10.11 ±1.64 gm/dl. The mean of iron was 64.22 ±19.52, TIBC was 409.96 ± 67.85, ferritin was 394.56 ± 239.22 and TSAT% was 22.6 ±7.36. The mean serum hepcidin was 218.51 ±127. Our study demonstrated that increase in serum hepcidin is associated with lower serum Hb and iron levels. On the other hand, there is statistically significant positive correlation between serum hepcidin and both serum ferritin and transferrin saturation.

Conclusion
Median hepcidin value is elevated in dialysis ESRD patients due to increased inflammation and decreased clearance of hepcidin. Also serum hepcidin levels were lowered in HCV patients. Therefore ESRD patients on maintenance HD after treatment of HCV infection showed elevated levels of serum hepcidin.
Eosinophilic inflammation in COPD: prevalence and clinical phenotype in COPD patients
Authors: Ahmed Eman E , shata Alaa h , Hassan Mohammed I , fouad Shaimaa H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Eosinophilic COPD appears to be a distinct patient subgroup with a corticosteroid treatment response. Furthermore, some, but not all, studies have shown that higher blood eosinophil counts in COPD patients predict a higher exacerbation rate in the future. To date, to our knowledge, no population-based study has the prevalence of Eosinophilic COPD patients and their characteristics in Egypt.

Aims
To study prevalence of eosinophilic COPD and describe its phenotypic characteristics.

Methods
a cross sectional study in which we collected 112 COPD patients attending Ain Shams University outpatient clinics, to find the prevalence of eosinophilic COPD in Egypt and describe its phenotypic characteristics.

Results
the prevalence of eosinophilic COPD is 26.7% and there was a significant relationship between the eosinophilic COPD patients and BMI and smoking index, while there was no significant relationship between the eosinophilic COPD patients as regards age, sex, CAT score.

Conclusion
COPD is present in many apparent healthy persons; the prevalence of eosinophilic COPD in Egypt is 26.7%. COPD phenotype is more common in patients with higher BMI with higher smoking index and longer duration of smoking.
Association between Serum Asymetrical Dimethylarginine Level and Cardiac Functions in Chronic kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Saeed Saeed Abdelwahab , Abd-elmobdy Ashraf Hassan , Ammar Mostafa Ashour Mahmoud Farag 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide and is associated with a considerable increase in morbidity and mortality, cardiovascular disease is most common cause of death among chronic kidney disease patients.

Objectives
The aim of study was to determine the association between serum ADMA level and cardiac functions assessed by tissue Doppler imaging in chronic kidney disease patients.

Patients and Methods
our study conducted on 90 patients from outpatient clinic or inpatient department of national institute of nephrology and urology.

Results
All patients were subjected to full history, full clinical examination, laboratory investigations including: serum urea, serum albumin, complete blood picture, serum electrolytes (calcium and phosphorus), PTH, serum ADMA, lipid profile and echocardiography and Tissue Doppler imaging.

Conclusion
Serum ADMA is negatively correlated with diastolic function among CKD patients, tissue Doppler imaging is more accurate than echocardiography to estimate diastolic function.
EFFECT OF SODIUM GLUCOSE CO TRANSPORTER 2 INHIBITOR ON PROTEINURIA IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Hussein Nahla , Abdelrahman Fatma , Khedr Abdelrahman , Aref Hayam , Halawa Mohamed Reda , ELSharkawy Magdy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is considered a major cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD). It has been established that controlling microalbuminuria can delay progression to ESRD. Sodium glucose co transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2 i) is a newer antidiabetic drug that has a renoprotective and antiproteinuric effect.

Aim of the Study
to study the effect of SGLT2 inhibitor on proteinuria in diabetic patients and compare it with classic antiproteinuric drugs.

Patients and Methods
we conducted a randomized interventional study, involving 60 adult patients with type 2 DM divided into 2 groups: group I were prescribed the classic antiproteinuric drugs in the form of ACE inhibitors or ARBs, aspirin and statins and group II were prescribed an additional dapagliflozin 10 mg/day. Follow up as regard changes in UACR, HbA1C, Blood pressure, body weight and e GFR was done after 6 months of treatment.

Results
There was statistically significant decline in UACR after 6 months of treatment with dapagliflozin in group II in comparison to group I (p-value &lt; 0.001). There was also statistically significant decline in SBP in both groups with (p-value &lt; 0.010) in group I and (p-value &lt;0.001) in group II and there was significant decline in DBP in both groups (p-value &lt; 0.001). HbA1c decreased significantly in both groups, (p-value &lt;0.023) in group I and (p-value &lt;0.001) in group II. We also noted a significant reduction of body weight in group II (p-value &lt;0.001). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the change in UACR and the change in e GFR.

Conclusion
There was better reduction in albuminuria when adding dapagliflozin to antiproteinuric drugs, so we recommend starting dapagliflozin early in patients with DKD to delay progreesion to ESRD.
Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlated with Motor Function of Upper Extremity in Patients with Chronic Stroke
Authors: Samy Dalia Maher , Mostafa Mohamed Mahmoud , Mahmoud Eman , Hazzou Ahmed Mohamed , Elewa Mohamed Khaled Ahmed , Aziz Tougan Taha Abdek 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Ischemic cerebrovascular stroke is defined as an acute neurological dysfunction caused by focal cerebral infarction after decrease in the blood supply of the brain either by stenosis or occlusion leading to gross physical impairment or disability lasting more than 24 hours.

Objective
To assess correlation between site of infarction and upper extremity ( UE) function in chronic stroke patients.

Methodology
A cross sectional study with (30) Patients with chronic ischemic stroke ( &gt;3 months) suffering from persistent UE motor function impairment, MRI brain done to assess the site of infarction. UE motor function assessment using the Fugl Meyer Assessment (FMA-UE) Scale.

Results
The current study found that no significant correlation between the site of infarction and UE motor function.

Conclusion
We concluded that the site of infarction not correlated with UE motor function in chronic stroke patients.
Restless Legs Syndrome among Patients Receiving Antipsychotic and AntiDepressant drugs
Authors: Razek Elsayed Yasser Abdel , Elrassas Hanan Hany , Ali Morsy Mahmoud Hassan , Shady Mostafa Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is an annoying problem, has a noticeable impact on all perspective of the life. RLS attract spots to its discussion as it became a challenge in all societies. Also, antipsychotic (AP) and antidepressant drugs (AD) is well known as a cause of RLS, But RLS occurrence and its prevalence among psychiatric patients who receive the antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs is un known in Egypt.

Aim of the Study
To estimate rate of Restless legs Syndrome among psychiatric patients who receive Antidepressant & Antipsychotic drugs. And to assess severity of RLS if detected in those patients

Subjects and Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional, case control comparative observational study, included two hundred Patients who received AP and AD for more than one month and one hundreds of volunteers as a control group from Psychiatry department, Ain Shams University Hospitals and Al- Abbassyia Mental Hospital in Cairo, Egypt, in the period between October 2018 and April 2019, Using validated Arabic version of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I), four items questionnaire that was recommended by International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) Arabic version for RLS diagnosis and validated Arabic version of Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale (IRLS).

Results
Eighty-three (41.5%) of patient group who received AP & AD and fifteen (15%) individual of control group met the diagnostic criteria of RLS. There was high statistically significance between the two groups regarding RLS occurrence (P = 0.000). Severity fluctuated in patients’ group between moderate and sever (69.9 % & 30.1%) respectively, while in control group it fluctuated between mild and moderate (40 % & 60%) respectively with high statistically significance between the two groups regarding RLS severity (P = 0.000). Family history and smoking are a risk factors for developing RLS as (OR = 2.705) & (OR = 6.390) respectively. While Trazadone and Haloperidol had a protective role against RLS (OR = 0.393 & 0.415) respectively.

Conclusion
RLS occurrence was higher in patients who received AP and AD drugs and its severity was more fluctuant among those patients, antipsychotic and antidepressant can induce RLS or worse it in patients who had past history of RLS before receiving the medications. Smoking and family history were risk factors for developing or worsening of RLS in our study. Both Haloperidol and Trazadone drugs in our study had protective role against RLS.