bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Social Distancing Behaviors and Psychosocial Factors on Physical Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Cross Troy J , Isautier Jennifer M J , Morris Sarah J , Johnson Bruce D , Wheatley-Guy Courtney M , Taylor Bryan J 
Published: August 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has arguably facilitated a shift toward increased sedentariness and reduced physical activity. Moreover, there is mounting evidence that mental health has also declined during the pandemic. However, it remains unknown to what extent social distancing (SD) behaviors and mental health have affected the physical activity levels of the general population.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of SD behaviors and prevailing mental health on the odds of being physically active during the early COVID-19 pandemic response.

Methods
A total of 4819 adults (2474/4819, 51.3%, female) from the US population with a median age of 46 (IQR 35-59) completed an online survey during the early pandemic response (April-June 2020). The survey included questions on adherence to 11 SD behaviors, and validated questionnaires which assessed self-reported physical activity, depression, anxiety, and mental well-being. Respondents were categorized into 2 physical activity groups: inactive (0-599 metabolic equivalent of task [MET]-minutes/week) and active (≥600 MET-minutes/week). A logistic generalized additive model (GAM) was used to determine which SD factors and mental health outcomes were associated with physical activity level.

Results
The GAM analysis revealed that wearing a facemask in public (odds ratio [OR] 1.46, 95% CI 1.14-1.79; P=.003), limiting the use of public transport (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.19-1.83; P=.001), and restricting travel outside the house (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.19-2.05; P=.002) were SD behaviors associated with higher odds of being more physically active. Conversely, avoiding physical activity outside the house was associated with higher odds of being inactive (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.46-0.63; P<.001). Leaving the house more frequently, and a higher mental well-being were associated with increasing odds of being physically active (P<.001). Engaging with a moderate number of SD behaviors (3-7 total) was positively associated with physical activity, whereas a very high SD vigilance (ie, engaging with ≥10 total behaviors) decreased the odds of being active during the early pandemic response.

Conclusions
Based on the findings of our study, we suggest that future public health messaging of SD guidelines should include (1) a clear portrayal of the benefits of regular exercise on mental health; and (2) a specific focus on how to be physically active outdoors in a COVID-safe manner.
Preintervention Clinical Determinants and Measured β-Cell Function as Predictors of Type 2 Diabetes Remission After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: Ligon Chanel , Shah Ankit , Prasad Malini , Laferrère Blandine 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE
Bariatric surgery results in improved glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Single and clusters of clinical determinants have been identified as presurgery predictors of postsurgery diabetes remission. Our goal was to assess whether the addition of measured preoperative β-cell function would improve established clinical models of prediction of diabetes remission.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Presurgery clinical characteristics, metabolic markers, and β-cell function after oral and intravenous (IV) glucose challenges were assessed in 73 individuals with severe obesity and type 2 diabetes and again 1 year after gastric bypass surgery. Single and multivariate analyses were conducted with preoperative variables to determine the best predictive models of remission.

RESULTS
Presurgery β-cell glucose sensitivity, a surrogate of β-cell function, was negatively correlated with known diabetes duration, HbA1c, insulin use, and the diabetes remission scores DiaRem and advanced (Ad)-DiaRem (all P &lt; 0.001). Measured β-cell function after oral glucose was 1.6-fold greater than after the IV glucose challenge and more strongly correlated with preoperative clinical and metabolic characteristics. The addition of preoperative β-cell function to clinical models containing well-defined diabetes remission scores did not improve the model’s ability to predict diabetes remission after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

CONCLUSIONS
The addition of measured β-cell function does not add predictive value to defined clinical models of diabetes remission 1 year after surgical weight loss.
Manifestaciones otorrinolaringológicas en pacientes con COVID-19
Authors: Orellana Tapia Bryan Andrés 
Published: August 2021

La situación por la que atraviesa el mundo en el contexto del COVID-19 hace necesaria la realización de estudios científicos que brinden información oportuna para mejorar la comprensión de esta enfermedad, de esa manera es de vital importancia investigar más para que múltiples dudas sean resueltas, así como para brindar una mejor atención a los pacientes.
Es importante hacer un énfasis en las manifestaciones otorrinolaringológicas, ya que de esta manera se puede realizar un diagnóstico oportuno y precoz de la enfermedad. Una investigación realizada en 237 pacientes con COVID-19 obtuvo como resultado que el 73% presentó anosmia antes de su diagnóstico y en el 26,6% fue el síntoma inicial (1). Similares resultados obtuvo un estudio multicéntrico europeo, que reportó alteraciones del olfato y gusto en el 85,6% y 88% de casos respectivamente (2). Freni y cols (3) en su estudio con 50 pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado presentaron manifestaciones clínicas parecidas con alteración del sentido del gusto, ojos secos, alteración en el olfato, molestias auditivas, anosmia, xerostomía y disgeusia. Tomando como referencia a los estudios antes mencionados la anosmia es un síntoma inicial de la enfermedad, por tal motivo, se recomendaría preguntar al paciente al momento de la consulta si tiene alguna alteración en el olfato. Por otra parte, El-Anwar y cols (4) en su estudio con 1773 pacientes con COVID-19 reportó que la manifestación otorrinolaringológica más frecuente fue el dolor de garganta (11,3%) seguido de cefalea (10,7%).
Acorde a la evidencia antes mencionada, es fundamental considerar a las alteraciones sensitivas del olfato y el gusto como datos indicadores iniciales de la enfermedad, puesto que la incidencia de esta sintomatología se ha elevado considerablemente (5)(6). Además, se debe tomar en cuenta que la manifestación otorrinolaringológica más frecuente de acuerdo al estudio de El-Anwar y cols (4) es el dolor de garganta, por tal motivo, se recomendaría que a todo paciente con dolor de garganta, analizando el contexto epidemiológico, se le realice una anamnesis exhaustiva, así como un examen físico correcto con el fin de descartar COVID-19.
Al conocer que el dolor de garganta y que los trastornos gustativo-olfatorios se han presentado en pacientes con COVID-19 influirá positivamente en la sospecha clínica que oriente a un diagnóstico precoz por parte del personal de salud, principalmente en aquellos que se encuentran realizando triage.
Disclosure Regulations and Political Accountability Does Government Capital Ownership Influence Companies Performance Evidence from ASEAN Countries
Authors: Lestari Dini Maulana , Haryono Slamet , Furwanti Reni 
Published: August 2021

This research aims to discuss those four aspect toward companiesâ€™ performance. Government capital ownership is another crucial aspect which able to consider by companies for increase their performance. This is because the higher perentage government capital have, the biggest power they able to control the companies, and it is a good condition because they able to reduce agencyâ€™s issues between management and shareholders which absolutely brings positive influence on companiesâ€™ performance. Nevertheless, it still lack of studies which combined mandatory, voluntary disclosrues, political accountability and government capital ownership for measuring companies performance. The result come out that although government capital ownership brings no significant effect to boost companiesâ€™ performance, it is able to moderating the variable of mandatory, voluntary disclosures and political accountability have significant positive effect to increase companiesâ€™ performance.
A Method for Improving the Accuracy of Natural Frequency Measurement Using In-the-loop Computing
Authors: Kotowski Adam 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The method presented in the paper is based on in-the-loop computing applied for impulse response to obtain a spectrum with a much higher frequency resolution than using FFT. Then, higher spectrum frequency resolution results in greater accuracy in estimation of natural frequencies. The frequency resolution of estimated spectrum in this method is completely independent of the length of impulse response and, by extension, the method eliminates the problem of spectral resolution limitation using FFT due to finite length of recorded signals. This fact is very useful and is the main advantage of the proposed method. The results of the method have been shown and compared in quantitative terms to natural frequencies estimated using classical FFT with zero-padding as reference method.
Brahmin Left Vs. Merchant Right: The Miscellaneous Causes and Consequences
Authors: Szabó Jakub 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In his recent book, Capital and Ideology, French economist Thomas Piketty devotes the final chapter to the changing dimensions of political conflict in Western democracies. The goal of this article is to confront some of his findings with mainstream political science. Piketty’s arguments are confronted with the findings of scholars within political science. To begin the article, we establish two research questions in the introduction. We then delineate the gradual reversal of the educational cleavage and subsequent emergence of the multi-elite system according to Piketty. He demonstrates how the classist conflict prevailing in the 1950s and 60s morphed into the Brahmin Left versus the Merchant Right system, with the “Left” being supported by the more educated electorate and the “Right” being supported by the relative well-offs. In the following two sections, we deal with his arguments regarding the causes and the outcomes of this gradual shift. Firstly, he proposes two hypotheses regarding the metamorphosis of the Left: the social and nativist hypotheses. We argue that neither of the two hypotheses is actually a comprehensive explanation and we propose alternative that takes into account the changing structure of social classes. Secondly, with regards to the outcomes of the reversal of the educational cleavage, Piketty considers one of the consequences of this shift to be a social-nativist trap, a combination of pro-redistribution policies and cultural nativism. We have concluded that the social-nativism is not a trap per se as much as an inevitability resulting from the less advantaged class feeling abandoned in the multi-elite political conflict.
Diplomatic Crisis Between Poland and Israel in Right-Wing Dailies
Authors: Pokrzywiński Paweł , Zawada Przemysław 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The change of the law regarding the Institute of National Remembrance conducted by the right-wing government of Law and Justice in Poland probably led to the most serious diplomatic crisis in Polish-Israeli relations since their resumption in 1990. The whole situation has been widely described in the Polish and Israeli media. The role of this article is to analyse the content of two newspapers: Polish Gazeta Polska Codziennie and Israeli Israel Hayom, between 25 January and 31 March 2018. The two right-wing-leaning daily newspapers selected by the authors are perceived as not entirely objective due to open support for governments in their countries and as openly expressing their opinions, often in a controversial manner. It makes them a perfect case to compare the narrative about the diplomatic crisis between Poland and Israel.
Poland’s Policy in the Space Sector: The Institutional Dimension Since Joining the European Space Agency
Authors: Smolik Bartosz 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper discusses Poland’s policy approach regarding the space-sector. The paper covers the period from 2012 to the end of 2019, i.e. the period of Poland’s membership in the European Space Agency. It tackles the institutional development of the sector. The paper’s main thesis is that positive developments occurred during the analysed period supporting development of the Polish space sector, which however has not resulted in transparent responsibility-division or their concentration in a single ministry. On the contrary, competence disputes have intensified. These disputes do not strengthen the position of the space sector, nor the evolution of the Polish Space Agency. The statutory changes have actually led to the degradation of the significance of the Polish Space Agency and its transition from a space policy integrator to the expert support structure of individual ministries. Therefore, there is no strong entity capable of effective coordination and promotion of Polish space policy in the country and abroad.
A Mean-Variance Optimization Approach for Residential Real Estate Valuation
Authors: Guijarro Francisco 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper introduces a new approach to the sales comparison model for the valuation of real estate that can objectively estimate the coefficients associated with the explanatory price variables. The coefficients of the price adjustment process are estimated from the formulation of a quadratic programming model similar to the mean-variance model in the portfolio selection problem and are shown to be independent of the property to be valued. It is also shown that the sales comparison model should minimize the variance of the adjusted prices, and not their coefficient of variation as indicated by some national and international valuation regulations. The paper concludes with a case study on the city of Medellín, Colombia.
Evolution of Relationship Between Housing and Rental Prices and Inter-Urban Differences in China Under the Context of the Simultaneous Rental and Sales Markets Policy
Authors: Wu Guancen , Li Chen , Niu Xing , Li Ping , Tao Li 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This research analyzes the relationship between housing and rental prices in 26 first-tier and second-tier cities in China before and after the policy of simultaneous rental and sales markets. The PVAR model and monthly panel data of these cities from June 2010 to December 2018 were employed. The study found that, before the policy of simultaneous rental and sales markets took effect, the housing and rental prices were relatively independent of each other, whereas the rental market in second-tier cities is affected more considerably by the sales market. After the enactment of the policy on simultaneous rental and sales markets, rental prices have a positive effect on housing prices, with this effect being more obvious in second-tier cities. The rental prices with the first-order lag have a significant negative impact on current rental price in first-tier cities. Considering the features of the housing market in different cities, the implementation of the simultaneous rental and sales markets policy needs to be more targeted and attention should be paid to preventing simultaneous irrational growth, both on the sales and rental markets.
Massive intracerebral hemorrhages due to peripheral middle cerebral artery aneurysm rupture: A case report with a surgical video
Authors: Aoki Takuma , Goto Yukihiro , Komaru Yujiro , Yokoya Shigeomi , Oka Hideki 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Saccular aneurysm in the distal segment of the middle cerebral artery (DMCA) occurs very rarely and often represents with a rupture. We report a successful surgical case of a DMCA aneurysm rupture with large cerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Case Description:
A 44-year-old female presented a sudden onset headache and coma (the Glasgow Coma Scale was 3). Head computed tomography (CT) revealed a subarachnoid hemorrhage around the right Sylvian fissure and large intracranial hematoma in the right parietal lobe. The CT angiography showed a saccular aneurysm in the peripheral cortical segment of the right angular branch of the right DMCA. We decided to perform a right craniotomy to evacuate hematoma and interrupt the aneurysm. Just after the dural incision, the aneurysm ruptured again. We applied a temporary clip on the artery proximal to the aneurysm before excising it.

Conclusion:
Aneurysm in DMCA can be treated safely with surgical excision and risk of sudden recurrent hemorrhage needs to be anticipated.
Brain abscess of odontogenic origin in patients with malignant tumors: A report of two cases
Authors: Shibata Teishiki , Hashimoto Nobukazu , Okura Atsuhiko , Mase Mitsuhito 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Oral infection and dental manipulations can lead to the development of brain abscesses, a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. Herein, we report patients undergoing cancer treatment who developed brain abscesses of odontogenic origin at our hospital.

Case Description:
Two patients developed brain abscesses during cancer treatment. Both underwent neurosurgical aspiration, and the causative microorganism was identified as Streptococcus intermedius of the Streptococcus anginosus group, which is a part of the normal bacterial flora in the oral cavity. There was clinical and radiographic evidence of dental infection in one of the patients diagnosed with a brain abscess of odontogenic origin. No infectious foci were found in the other patient during hospitalization for the abscess. However, the patient had undergone extraction of an infected tooth approximately 3 months before admission for the abscess, suggesting origination from an oral infection or dental manipulation. The patients’ cancers rapidly worsened because cancer treatment in both patients was interrupted for several months to treat the brain abscess.

Conclusion:
Oral infections can cause severe infections, such as brain abscesses, particularly during the treatment of malignant tumors. Improving the oral environment or treating oral infections before initiating treatment for malignant tumors is highly recommended. In addition, the possibility of odontogenic origin should always be considered as a potential etiology of brain abscesses.
Cervical schwannoma with acute worsening and intratumoral hemorrhage
Authors: Mahajan Uma V. , Patel Mohit , Hdeib Alia M. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Primary spinal tumors are rare and include schwannomas. In the cervical region, these lesions can cause pain, radiculopathy, and/or myelopathy.

Case Description:
A 53-year-old male presented with 9 months of chronic neck pain and left upper extremity radiculopathy/myelopathy. The MRI revealed an intradural extramedullary C6-C7 mass left-sided mass with foraminal extension. Following a C5-C7 laminectomy with C5-T2 instrumented fusion, the diagnosis of schwannoma with evidence of recent hemorrhage was confirmed by biopsy. Three weeks postoperatively, the patient was pain free, no longer taking opioids, and neurologically intact. Although the MR 6 months later showed no tumor, the MRI 15 months later documented a recurrent enhancing C6-C7 lesion. The patient elected to be treated with external beam radiotherapy and remained asymptomatic.

Conclusion:
A 53-year-old underwent resection of a cervical C6-C7 schwannoma with intratumoral hemorrhage. Fifteen months following C5-C7 laminectomy with C5-T2 fusion, the tumor recurred and required external beam radiation therapy.
A rare case of vaccine-induced immune thrombosis and thrombocytopenia and approach to management
Authors: Kotal Raghavendra , Jacob Ipe , Rangappa Pradeep , Rao Karthik , Hosurkar Guruprasad , Anumula Satish Kumar , Kuberappa Avinasha M. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
The use of the COVID-19 vaccines Vaxzevria from AstraZeneca and Covishield from Janssen has been associated with sporadic reports of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia, a complication referred to as vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) or vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia. It presents commonly as cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT), within 4–30 days of vaccination. Females under 55 years of age are considered to be especially at high risk. Mortality up to 50% has been reported in some countries. Identification of early warning signs and symptoms with prompt medical intervention is crucial.

Case Description:
We report here a case of VITT in a young female who presented 11 days after receiving the first dose of the Covishield vaccine, with severe headache and hemiparesis. She was diagnosed with CSVT with a large intraparenchymal bleed, requiring decompressive craniectomy and extended period on mechanical ventilation.

Conclusion:
The patient was successfully treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and discharged after 19 days in ICU. Although she was left with long-term neurological deficits, an early presentation and a multidisciplinary approach to management contributed toward a relatively short stay in hospital and avoided mortality.
Case of anterolateral migration of herniated cervical disc fragment mimicking a spinal meningioma
Authors: Vega-Moreno Daniel Alejandro , González-Jiménez Martha Elena , Reyes-Rodríguez Víctor Andrés , Ibarra-de la Torre Abraham , Santellán-Hernández José Omar , Betancourt-Quiroz Carlos , López-Valdés Julio César , Moral-Naranjo Andrés Alberto , García-González Ulises 
Published: August 2021

Background:Before the introduction of high-resolution MR, few disc fragments were misdiagnosed as meningiomas.Case Description:A 63-year-old female presented with a 6-month history of mild to moderate pain in the left arm, weakness 4/5 in the left arm C5-C6 distribution, and a loss of the left biceps reflex response. Although the MR study was read as showing a C5-C6 level probable spinal meningioma, this proved to be a sequestrated disc fragment at surgery.Conclusion:Rarely, cervical disc herniations may be misdiagnosed on MR studies as spinal meningiomas.
Effects of the Simulation Based Training Program on Attitudes of Nurses Towards Older Adults: A Quasi-Experimental Design Study
Authors: AKPINAR SÖYLEMEZ Burcu , KÜÇÜKGÜÇLÜ Özlem , AKYOL Merve Aliye , TEKİN Nil , IŞIK Ahmet Turan 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Innovative activities such as the simulation-based training program can affect nurses’ attitudes toward older adults. This study was aimed to determine the effects of the simulation-based training programs on nurses’ attitudes towards older adults in institutional care settings.
Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design was used. A total of 92 nurses participated in simulation-based training program that comprised presentation about care for older adults, and scenario with aged simulation suit. Data were collected using a Participant Information Form and Kogan’s Attitudes Toward Old People Scale. The value, mean, percentage frequency distribution, and paired sample t-test were used.
Results: After the simulation-based training programs were completed, the mean total score (p=0.001) and positive attitudes of score of the nurses was changed statistically significantly (p=0.001). There was no statistically significant change negative attitudes (p=0.274).
Conclusions: The simulation-based training program is effective in developing more positive and less negative attitude toward the older adults by nurses in institutional care settings. The aging-simulation experience affected health professionals’ feelings and knowledge. To provide better care for the older adults, it is important that nurses adopt a positive attitude toward the older adults.