bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multi-Dwell Temperature Profile Design for the Cure of Thick CFRP Composite Laminates
Authors: Zhang Wenchang , Xu Yingjie , Hui Xinyu , Zhang Weihong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper develops a multi-objective optimization method for the cure of thick composite laminates. The purpose is to minimize the cure time and maximum temperature overshoot in the cure process by designing the cure temperature profile. This method combines the finite element based thermo-chemical coupled cure simulation with the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). In order to investigate the influence of the number of dwells on the optimization result, four-dwell and two-dwell temperature profiles are selected for the design variables. The optimization method obtains successfully the Pareto optimal front of the multi-objective problem in thick and ultra-thick laminates. The result shows that the cure time and maximum temperature overshoot are both reduced significantly. The optimization result further illustrates that the four-dwell cure profile is more e ective than the two-dwell, especially for the ultra-thick laminates. Through the optimization of the four-dwell profile, the cure time is reduced by 51.0% (thick case) and 30.3% (ultra-thick case) and the maximum temperature overshoot is reduced by 66.9% (thick case) and 73.1% (ultra-thick case) compared with the recommended cure profile. In addition, Self-organizing map (SOM) is employed to visualize the relationships between the design variables with respect to the optimization result.
Chemoprevention of Pancreatic Cancer by Inhibition of Glutathione-S Transferase P1
Authors: Kogawa Takahiro , Sato Yasushi , Shimoyama Rai , Kurata Wataru , Tashiro Yasuyuki , Niitsu Yoshiro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is among the most refractory malignancies with poor prognosis. Thus, preventive approaches, in addition to the development of novel therapeutic strategies are essential for this type of cancer. KRAS mutations occur very early in the development of pancreatic cancers and could be targeted for its prevention, yet specific inhibitors for mutated KRAS are lacking. Accordingly, Glutathione-S Transferase p1 (GSTP1), which we recently found to be an autocrine stimulator of mutated KRAS signaling, is predicted to be an alternative target for chemoprevention of pancreatic cancer. In this study, chemopreventive effects of O-Hexadecyl-γ-glutamyl-S-benzyl-cysteinyl-D-phenyl glycine-Ethylester (HGBPE), which we previously synthesized to inhibit GSTP1 activity, was analyzed for its effect on the prevention of a rat pancreatic carcinogenesis model induced by 7,12-dimethyl-benzanthracene (DMBA). Rats administered with DMBA were grouped into five cohorts. In the treated group I, which was treated neither with HGBPE nor vehicle, sequential appearance of precancerous lesions, ductal complexes, and adenocarcinoma was confirmed as previously reported. We also confirmed in this group that mutations of KRAS and expression of GSTP1 simultaneously occurred in the ductal complex. To rats of groups II and IV, HGBPE was administered, and vehicle to those of group III and V. In groups of II and IV, the incidence of both ductal complex and adenocarcinoma were significantly lower than those in groups III and V. These data clearly suggest the efficacy of HGBP as a potential chemopreventive agent for pancreatic cancer.
Seasonal Trend And Source Identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Associated With Fine Particulate Matters (PM2.5 ) In Isfahan City, Iran Using Diagnostic Ratio and PMF Model
Authors: Soleimani Mohsen , Ebrahimi Zohreh , Mirghaffari Nourollah , Moradi Hossein , Amini Nasibeh , Pulsen Kristoffer Gulmark , Christensen Jan H. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Particulate matters (PMs) and their associated chemical compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are important factors to evaluate air pollution and its health impacts particularly in developing countries. Source identification of these compounds can be used for air quality management. The aim of this study was to identify the sources of PM2.5-bound PAHs in Isfahan city, a metropolitan and industrialized area in central Iran. The PM2.5 samples were collected at 50 sites during one year. Source identification and apportionment of PAHs were carried out using diagnostic ratios (DRs) of PAHs and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The results showed that the concentrations of PM2.5 ranged from 8 to 291 µg/m3 with an average of 60.2 ± 53.9 µg/m3 whereas the sum of concentrations of the 19 PAH compounds (ƩPAHs) ranged from 0.3 to 61.4 ng/m3 with an average of 4.65 ± 8.54 ng/m3. The PAH compounds showed their highest and lowest concentrations in fall and summer, respectively. Applying DRs, suggested that the source of the PAHs were mainly from fuel combustion. The main sources identified by the PMF model were gasoline combustion (28 %) followed by diesel combustion (22 %), natural gas combustion (17 %), evaporative-uncombusted (13 %), industrial activities (11 %), and unknown sources (9 %). The results revealed that in addition to transportation and industrial activities, combustion of natural gas for heating systems as one of the PAHs source in PM2.5 should be managed in the metropolitan area.
5-Axis Double-Flank CNC Machining of Spiral Bevel Gears via Custom-Shaped Milling Tools – Part II: Physical Validations and Experiments
Authors: Escudero Gaizka Gómez , Bo Pengbo , Barrio Haizea González , Ochoa Amaia Calleja , Barton Michael , Marcaide Luis Norberto López de Lacalle 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We investigate a recently introduced methodology for 5-axis flank computer numerically controlled (CNC) machining, called double-flank milling. Certain geometries, such as curved teeth of spiral bevel gear, admit this approach where the milling tool has tangential contact with the material block on two sides, yielding a more efficient variant of flank milling. To achieve high machining accuracy, the path-planning algorithm, however, does not look only for the path of the tool, but also for the shape of the tool itself. We validate the approach by series of physical experiments using an abrasive custom-shaped milling tool specifically designed for a particular type of a spiral bevel gear. We show the potential of this new methodology in the semifinishing stage of gear manufacturing, where it outperforms traditional ball end milling by an order of magnitude in terms of machining time, while keeping, or even improving, the machining error.
Optimization of the MIG Arc Weld-Brazing Process on Titanium and Aluminum Lap-Joint Welds Using the Taguchi Method, Grey Relational Analysis and Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Lin Hsuan-Liang , Wang You-Jiun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The dissimilar materials lap-joint of Ti-6Al-4V titanium (Ti) and 6061 aluminum (Al) alloys was achieved through a metal inert gas (MIG) arc weld-brazing process. The relationships between the major MIG arc weld-brazing parameters such as travel speed of MIG torch, MIG welding current, argon flow rate of MIG torch, wettability of weld bead and mechanical property of Ti/Al lap-joint specimens were investigated. A proposed approach that integrates the Taguchi method, grey relational analysis (GRA) and fuzzy logic was employed to obtain the optimal MIG arc weld-brazing parameters. The proposed approach was adopted to solve the MIG arc weld-brazing process with multiple quality characteristics (QCs). The experimental procedure of this study not only improves the wettability of weld bead, but also increases the tensile strength of Ti/Al lap-joint specimens. Confirmation experiments revealed that this study could efficiently optimize the MIG arc weld-brazing parameters, and the average tensile strength of Ti/Al lap-joint specimens could reaches 178 MPa. During the MIG weld-brazing, higher argon flow rate of the MIG torch that produces turbulence to the weld pool and brings outside air could create a high amount of porosity over the weld bead.
The effectiveness of raising Hong Kong parents’ awareness of antimicrobial resistance through an educational program with peer support on social media: A pilot study
Authors: Or Peggy P.L. , Ching Patricia T.Y. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

To test whether parents’ awareness of antimicrobial resistance could be improved through the education programme with peer support on social media
Methods

A cluster randomized controlled trial with two-arms were implemented. The intervention program consisted of two weekly sessions and each session lasted for 90 minutes. A total of 48 parents had participated in the program. Parental knowledge, attitude, and their social network were measured before and after the program using the Parental Perception on Antibiotics (PAPA) scale and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) to assess differences between and within the intervention and control groups.
Results

All parents would have a sense that antibiotics could be effective at treating some infections and not others, as compared to 40% in the control group. All parents in the intervention group and 85% of the control group disagreed that they should reduce the dose of antibiotics when their children were recovering. The test was statistically significant (p = 0.039) with a p value < .05. There was a significant difference and a strong negative correlation between peer support in Facebook and the parents’ belief that antibiotics could be stopped when their children felt better, with Pearson coefficient of -0.78 and p = 0.001. In general, there was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to the GSE scale.
Conclusions

Based on the findings in this pilot study, a further study based on the education program with enhancement and peer support can be implemented in a large scale with a positive expectation of increasing parental awareness of antimicrobial resistance and potentially influencing patient prescribing expectations when seeking healthcare.
The Effect of Symptom Onset-to-needle time on Ischemic Outcomes in Patients Treated with Primary Angioplasty in the Era of Potent Antiplatelets
Authors: Hromadka Milan , Motovska Zuzana , Hlinomaz Ota , Kala Petr , Varvarovsky Ivo , Dusek Jaroslav , Svoboda Michal , Jarkovsky Jiri , Tousek Frantisek , Jansky Pavel , Simek Stanislav , Branny Marian , Mrozek Jan , Miklik Roman , Rokyta Richard , Widimsky Petr 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Based on previous studies with clopidogrel, the time between onset of symptoms and primary PCI was proven as an important prognostic factor. Our aim was to assess the effect of symptoms onset to needle time (SNT) on procedural results and on the occurrence of ischemic endpoints in primary angioplasty patients treated with potent P2Y12 inhibitors. Methods: A total of 1,131 out of 1,230 patients randomized to the PRAGUE 18 study (prasugrel vs. ticagrelor in primary angioplasty) were divided into a high and a low-risk group. The effect of defined SNT on patients' ischemic endpoints and prognosis by their risk status at admission was tested.Results: The median SNT was 3.2 hours. Longer SNTs resulted in a more frequent incidence of TIMI flow < 3 post PCI (p = 0.015). There were significant differences in the occurrence of the combined ischemic endpoint among the compared SNT groups at 30 days (p=0.032), and 1 year (p=0.011), with the highest incidence in the ≤ 1 h SNT group of patients. "Latecomers" (SNT > 4 hs) in the high-risk group experienced more reMI within 1 year [OR (95% CI) 3.23 (1.09–9.62) p = 0.035]; no difference was found in the low-risk group. Conclusion: In the era of intense antithrombotic medication, stratification of STEMI patients undergoing primary angioplasty, based on initial ischemic risk assessment affected prognosis more than symptom onset to needle time. Longer time delay significantly increased the incidence of ischemic events and all-cause mortality only in patients with high ischemic risk.
Efficacy of Two-Week Therapy with Doxycycline-Based Quadruple Versus Levofloxacin Concomitant for Helicobacter Pylori Infection: A Prospective Single-Center Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Alhalabi Marouf , Alassi Waleed , Eddin Kamal Alaa , Cheha Khaled 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Antibiotic-resistant reduces the efficacy of conventional triple therapy for Helicobacter Pylori infections worldwide, lead to varying treatment protocols according to locations. This was an open‑label randomized controlled trial. We used two protocols, doxycycline-based quadruple and concomitant levofloxacin regimens. The aim was to compare the eradication rates of previous protocols as empirical first-line treatment to cure Helicobacter Pylori infection in intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol analyses (PPA) in Syrian population.Settings and Design: an open‑label parallel randomized controlled trial.Methods: We randomly assigned seventy-eight naïve who tested positive for Helicobacter Pylori gastric infection, with a 1:1 ratio to (D-group ) which receive (bismuth subsalicylate 524 mg four times daily, doxycycline 100 mg, tinidazole 500 mg, and esomeprazole 20 mg, each twice per day for two weeks), or (L-group) which receive (levofloxacin 500 mg daily, tinidazole 500 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, and esomeprazole 20 mg each twice per day for two weeks). We confirmed Helicobacter Pylori eradication by stool antigen test at eight weeks. Results: Thirty-nine patients were allocated in each group. In the D-group, thirty-eight patients completed the follow-up, thirty patients were cured. While in the L-group, thirty-nine completed the follow-up, thirty-two patients were cured. According to ITT, the eradication rates were 76.92%, and 82.05%, for the D-group and L-group respectively. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was 1.371 [0.454-4.146]. According to PPA, the eradication rates were 78.9 %, and 82.05% for the D-group and L-group respectively. The odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was 1.219 [0.394-3.774]. We didn’t report serious adverse effects. Conclusions: The eradication rates in both therapy regimes were fair. Further researches are required to identify the optimum first-line treatment for Helicobacter-Pylori Infection in the Syrian population.Trial registration: We register this study as a standard randomized clinical trial (Clinicaltrial.gov, identifier‑NCT04348786, date:29-January-2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04348786).
Comprehensive Analysis of The Significance of Hypoxia-Related Genes in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Zhao Wancheng , Yin Lili 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Hypoxia-related genes have been reported to play important roles in a variety of cancers. However, their roles in ovarian cancer (OC) have remained unknown. Our aim was to explore the significance of hypoxia-related genes in OC patients.Methods: In this study, 15 hypoxia-related genes were screened from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to group the ovarian cancer patients using the consensus clustering method. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to calculate the hypoxia score to quantify the hypoxic status. Results: The OC patients were divided into two hypoxia statuses based on the expression level of the 15 hypoxia-related genes. Most hypoxia-related genes were more highly expressed in the cluster.A group. We also found that patients in the cluster.A group exhibited higher expression level of immune checkpoint-related genes, epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes, and immune activation-related genes, as well as elevated immune infiltrates. PCA algorithm indicated that the cluster.A group had higher hypoxia scores.Conclusions: In summary, our research elucidated the vital role of hypoxia-related genes in immune infiltrates of OC. Our investigation of hypoxic status may be able to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy for OC.
A geospatial enquiry into the nature of contemporary urbanisation in a medium-sized city of Mangaluru, India
Authors: K Dhanaraj , Angadi Dasharatha P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The future of urban growth in India and the developing world is predicted to occur in small and medium-sized cities. Subtleties of such urbanisation need to be studied considering its implications for the future of urbanisation. The contemporary urbanisation is characterised by rural-urban transition and emerging small cities. An unprecedented increase in Census Towns (CTs) in India during the last decade has substantiated this fact. The growths of CTs and the medium-sized cities of India must be seen together. There is a dearth of studies that associates these two phenomena. Since the basic understanding of CTs and their dynamics is only based on studies of large cities, the current study attempts to bridge the gap in the literature through a case study of Mangaluru city. The study is conducted through a diversified method of remote sensing, GIS, statistical and spatial analysis. The results show up evidence of spatial expansion and rural-urban transition as emergent urbanisation at force in the region. The spatial proximity of CTs also adds to the spatiality of urban agglomeration in the region. This different form of locally driven urbanism of the contemporary period requires a different framework of participatory and technology-enabled smart planning for a sustainable future.
Liquefaction Resistance Evaluation of Soils using Artificial Neural Network for Dhaka City, Bangladesh
Authors: Fahim Abul Kashem Faruki , Rahman Md. Zillur , Hossain Md. Shakhawat , Kamal A S M Maksud 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Soil liquefaction resistance evaluation is an important site investigation for seismically active areas. To minimize the loss of life and property, liquefaction hazard analysis is a prerequisite for seismic risk management and development of an area. Liquefaction potential index (LPI) is widely used to determine the severity of liquefaction quantitatively and spatially. LPI is estimated from the factor of safety (FS) of liquefaction that is the ratio of cyclic resistance ratio (CRR) to cyclic stress ratio (CSR) calculated applying simplified procedure. Artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm has been used in the present study to predict CRR directly from the normalized standard penetration test blow count (SPT-N) and near-surface shear wave velocity (Vs) data of Dhaka City. It is observed that ANN model have generated accurate CRR data. Three liquefaction hazard zones are identified in Dhaka City on the basis of the cumulative frequency (CF) distribution of the LPI of each geological unit. The liquefaction hazard maps have been prepared for the city using the liquefaction potential index (LPI) and its cumulative frequency (CF) distribution of each liquefaction hazard zone. The CF distribution of the SPT-N based LPI indicates that 15%, 53%, and 69% of areas, whereas the CF distribution of the Vs based LPI indicates that 11%, 48%, and 62% of areas of Zone 1, 2, and 3, respectively, show surface manifestation of liquefaction for a scenario earthquake of moment magnitude, Mw 7.5 with a peak horizontal ground acceleration (PGA) of 0.15 g.
Genetic characterization of Blastocystis from wild animals in Sichuan Wolong National Natural Reserve, southwestern of China-Zoonotic potential
Authors: Chen Shanyu , Meng Wangyu , Zhou Ziyao , Deng Lei , Shi Xiaogang , Chai Yijun , Liu Haifeng , Cheng Yuehong , Zhong Zhijun , Fu Hualin , Shen Liuhong , Zhang Kun , He Tingmei , Peng GuangNeng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Blastocystis, a highly prevalent eukaryotic parasite, has been identified in a wide range of hosts, including humans, domestic and wild animals. Many animals are potential sources of Blastocystis infection for humans, while few information about the prevalence of Blastocystis in wild animals have being documented. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the prevalence and subtypes of Blastocystis in wild animals of Sichuan Wolong National Natural Reserve, southwestern of China, so as to assess the zoonotic potential of these animals.
Methods

A total of 300 faecal samples were collected from 27 wildlife species in three areas of Sichuan Wolong National Natural Reserve in southwestern China. The subtype (ST) genetic characteristics and prevalence of Blastocystis were determined by PCR amplification of the barcode region (a fragment of ∼600 bp) of the SSU rRNA gene, and phylogenetic analysis were further performed to determine the genetic characteristics of Blastocystis subtypes.
Results

30 of 300 faecal samples (10.0%) were Blastocystis-positive. The highest prevalence of Blastocystis was found in Yinchanggou (18.3%), which was significantly higher than that in Niutoushan (7.5%), and Genda (5.5%) (P < 0.05). Specifically, the highest prevalence of Blastocystis was found in primates (20.0%, 1/5), followed by rodentia 14.3% (1/7), artiodactyla 13.1% (26/198), carnivora 2.3% (2/87), galliformes 0% (0/3). Sequence analysis showed 5 subtypes (ST1, ST3, ST5, ST13, and ST14), with ST13 and ST14 as the predominant subtype (33.3%, 10/30), followed by ST1 (20.0%, 6/30).
Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first molecular investigation on Blastocystis infection in wild animals in southwestern of China. ST1, ST3, and ST5 were identified in both humans and wild animals, suggesting that these wild animals may be potential reservoirs of Blastocystis for human infection.
Eye Movement Indices of Post-Saccadic Task Under Cognitive Load: A Path Analysis to Predict Individual’s Performance
Authors: Fadardi Marzieh Salehi , Fadardi Javad Salehi , Mahjoob Monireh , Doosti Hassan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The evidence on the linear relationship between cognitive load, saccade, fixation, and task performance was uncertain. We tested pathway models for degraded task performance resulting from changes in saccadic and post-saccadic fixation under cognitive load. Methods: Participants' (n = 38) eye movements were recorded using a post-saccadic discrimination task without and with arithmetic operations to impose cognitive load, validated through recording heart rate variability and subjective measurement. Results: Results showed that cognitive load led to longer latencies of saccade and fixation; more inaccurate responses and fewer secondary saccades (P<0.001). Longer saccade latencies influenced task performance indirectly via increases in fixation latency, thereby, longer reaction times and higher response errors were observed due to limited fixation duration on desired target. Conclusion: We suggest that latency and duration of fixation indicate efficiency of information processing and can predict the speed and accuracy of task performance under cognitive load.