bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin melanoma deaths within 1 or 3 years from diagnosis in Europe
Authors: Sacchetto Lidia , Rosso Stefano , Comber Harry , Bouchardy Christine , Broganelli Paolo , Galceran Jaume , Hackl Monika , Katalinic Alexander , Louwman Marieke , Robsahm Trude E. , Tryggvadottir Laufey , Tumino Rosario , Van Eycken Elizabeth , Walsh Paul M. , Zadnik Vesna , Zanetti Roberto 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe steep increase in incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in white populations mainly applies to thin lesions with good survival suggesting overdiagnosis. Based on population‐based cancer registries (CRs), we have investigated changes in aggressive melanoma, selecting only cases who died within 1 or 3 years after diagnosis in 11 European countries between 1995 and 2012. Trends in fatal cases were analysed by period of diagnosis, sex, tumour thickness, histologic subtype of the lesion, tumour site and CR with a multivariate generalised linear mixed effects model, where geographical area was considered as a random effect. We collected data on 123 360 invasive melanomas, with 5133 fatal cases at 1 year (4%) and 12 330 (10%) at 3 years. The number of fatal cases showed a 16% decrease at 1 year and 8% at 3 years between the first (1995‐2000) and the last (2007‐2012) period. The highest proportion of fatal cases was seen for men, older age (≥65 years), thick lesions (>1 mm), nodular melanoma, melanoma on the trunk and for poorly documented cases, lacking information about thickness and histologic subtype. The mixed‐effects model showed a remarkable variability among European countries. The majority of registries showed a decreasing trend in fatal cases, but a few registries showed an opposite pattern. Trends in fatal melanoma cases, highlighting real changes in risk not related to overdiagnosis, showed a decrease in most European countries, with a few exceptions. Stronger efforts for early detection could lead to a more efficient treatment of melanoma in general.
Pregnant Hispanic women's views and knowledge of prenatal genetic testing
Authors: Page Robin L. , Murphey Christina , Aras Yahyahan , Chen Lei‐Shih , Loftin Ryan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPregnant Hispanic women are underserved with their needs for genetic counseling, despite birth defects remaining the leading cause of infant death in the United States. We present the qualitative findings of a study to understand knowledge and perceptions of prenatal testing in a sample of hard‐to‐reach underrepresented Hispanic pregnant women in South Texas. The sample for this study was 10 Hispanic pregnant women who were recruited from a high‐risk prenatal clinic in South Texas in 2019. The semi‐structured interview questions were created based on the researchers' clinical experiences with this population and were designed to examine knowledge and perceptions of participants toward prenatal testing. Analysis of the qualitative data yielded several themes related to prenatal testing: (a) knowledge, (b) confusion, (c) partner's and support persons' opinions, (d) information sharing from providers, (e) psychological benefits, (f) preparation for baby, (g) obstacles, (h) religious influence, and (i) educational tools to assist with understanding. Women's understanding and knowledge of prenatal testing was limited, specifically regarding its purpose, how it works, the benefits, and why it was recommended by their provider. Lack of clarity about why they should take the test and its risks for them and their babies was perceived as something that could impede their acceptance of prenatal testing. All participants agreed that healthcare providers should share more information about prenatal testing in a way that uses ‘everyday language' so that they can understand it better. All respondents mentioned that prenatal testing provides information about their baby's health conditions, alleviates their stress and concerns, and psychologically prepares them and their family for what is to come. Identifying ways to increase culturally appropriate education delivered by genetic counselors such as through the adoption of telemedicine and mobile technology can help fill the gap for this underserved population.
Recent achievements on the agricultural applications of thioether derivatives: A 2010–2020 decade in review
Authors: Li Pei , Yang Ying , Wang Xiang , Wu Xianzhi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThioether derivatives, an important synthetic strategy in drug discovery, are acquiring more importance in plant protection field in recent years because of their broad spectrum of agricultural activities, such as antifungal, antibacterial, insecticidal, acaricidal, nematocidal, antiviral, herbicidal, and plant growth‐regulating activity. Thioethers and their analogues have been an area of great interest in recent years. This review summarizes the structure and agricultural activities of the thioether derivatives as reported in the literature that mainly covers the past 10 years from 2010 to 2020 as well as may contribute to a better understanding of thioether derivatives as efficient agricultural agents and provide some ideas on the development of novel pesticides.
NO solubility in water and brine up to 60 MPa and 373 K by combining Raman spectroscopy and molecular simulation
Authors: Sterpenich Jérôme , Caumon Marie‐Camille , Lachet Véronique , Creton Benoit , El Jarmouni Mohamed , Randi Aurélien , Robert Pascal 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn the processes of carbon capture and storage, sulfur and nitrogen oxides (SOx and NOx) would be possibly injected with CO2 depending on the origin of CO2. The thermodynamic properties of these gases in saline aquifer are poorly known. Solubility is one of the key parameter to be implemented in geochemical codes modelling long‐term evolution of the aquifer after injection. The solubility of NO is known only at atmospheric pressure. In this study, the solubility of NO in water and NaCl solutions was measured by Raman spectroscopy in the ranges 295–373 K and 2–60 MPa using a high pressure optical cell and after calibration on a few data from molecular simulations. The results show a decrease of solubility when temperature increases and when salinity increases. No modification of NO speciation was observed.
Establishment and validation of a prediction model for the probability of malignancy in solid solitary pulmonary nodules in northwest China
Authors: Duan Xue‐Qin , Wang Xiao‐Li , Zhang Li‐Fen , Liu Xi‐Zhi , Zhang Wen‐Wen , Liu Yi‐Hui , Dong Chun‐Hui , Zhao Xin‐Han , Chen Ling 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTo construct a prediction model of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs), to predict the possibility of malignant SPNs in patients aged 15–85 years in northwest China for clinical diagnostic and therapeutic decision‐making.MethodsThe features of SPNs were assessed by multivariate logistic regression, followed by visualization using a nomogram. Hosmer lemeshow was applied to evaluate the fitting degree of the model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was identified to determine the discriminative ability of the model.ResultsLobulation, spiculation, pleural‐tag, carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron‐specific enolase, and total serum protein were independent predictors of malignant pulmonary nodules (p < .05). Lobulation (100 points) scored the highest in the nomogram, and the Hosmer‐Lemeshow goodness‐of‐fit statistic was 0.805 (p > .05). The area under curve (AUC) of the modeling and validation groups using logistic regression were 0.859 (95% CI, 0.805–0.903) and 0.823 (95% CI, 0.738–0.890), respectively. Moreover, the AUC of our model was higher than that of the Mayo model, VA model, and Peking University (AUC 0.823 vs. 0.655 vs. 0.603 vs. 0.521).ConclusionOur prediction model is more suitable for predicting the possibility of malignant SPNs in northwest China, and can be calculated using a nomogram to determine further treatments.
Clinical significance of RBM3 expression in surgically treated colorectal lung metastases and paired primary tumors
Authors: Vidarsdottir Halla , Siesing Christina , Nodin Björn , Jönsson Per , Eberhard Jakob , Jirström Karin , Brunnström Hans 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe lungs are the second most common site of metastases in colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to investigate prognostic factors, including RNA‐binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) expression, in patients with CRC treated with pulmonary metastasectomy (PM).MethodsThe cohort included all patients treated with PM at Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden, from 2000 to 2014. Clinicopathological, treatment, and survival data were collected. Immunohistochemical staining of RBM3 was evaluated on tissue microarrays with samples from all lung metastases and a subset of paired primary tumors. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards modeling were applied to examine the associations of investigative factors with overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival.ResultsIn total, 216 patients with a primary tumor in the rectum (57%), left colon (34%), or right colon (9%) underwent PM. The 5‐year OS rate was 56%. Age > 60 years, more than one metastasis, size of metastasis > 3 cm, disease‐free interval < 24 months, low RBM3 score in the lung metastasis, and no adjuvant chemotherapy following PM were prognostic factors for shorter OS.ConclusionsSeveral prognostic factors, including RBM3 expression, may be of aid in selecting CRC patients with lung metastases for PM as well as adjuvant therapy.
Tumor dimension‐dependent microscopic extensions of hypopharyngeal cancer: Therapeutic implications for larynx‐preserving hypopharyngectomy
Authors: Shin Joongbo , Lee Jiyeon , Hwang Nayoung , Choi Sung Yong , Park Woori , Choi Nayeon , Son Young‐Ik , Cho Junhun , Jeong Han‐Sin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionHypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) is well characterized by the early submucosal spread of cancer cells into adjacent subsites of the hypopharynx and deep tissues, advocating a wide extent of treatment. However, the microscopic extensions (ME) from gross tumors, according to the primary tumor dimensions, has not been reported in detail.MethodsWe included patients who underwent upfront curative surgery, and retrospectively reviewed pathology specimens from 45 HPC cases. The distance of the MEs, defined as tumor infiltration beyond the gross tumor border on the submucosal and deep sides, was measured. We analyzed potential correlations between MEs and various physical tumor factors.ResultsA rough linear correlation between the submucosal ME and the maximal diameter of tumors was found (p < .001, r2 = 0.225). Deep MEs did not correlate with tumor physical factors. However, the MEs differed significantly by the T status (p = .033 and .015 in submucosal and deep sides). In T1‐2 tumors, the submucosal MEs were less than 0.5 cm, whereas those of T3‐4 tumors were 1.5–2.0 cm.ConclusionIn HPC, local MEs beyond the gross tumor border correlated with primary tumor T status. Our findings support that the surgical safety margin for HPC can be adjusted according to tumor dimension.
Fertility after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: A call to action
Authors: Violette Caroline , Kim Tesia , Shandley Lisa , Lee Rachel , Staley Charles , Winer Joshua , Maithel Shishir , Hipp Heather , Kawwass Jennifer , Russell Maria 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionCytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is increasingly accepted as the best therapeutic option in primary and some secondary peritoneal malignancies. The ramifications of this procedure on fertility are unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the current association of CRS/HIPEC with fertility following surgery.MethodsA review of patients who underwent CRS/HIPEC between 2009 and 2018 was performed. Female patients were included if they were between ages 18–50 at the time of surgery. Gynecologic and obstetric history before and following CRS/HIPEC was collected by phone interview.ResultsOf 48 eligible participants, 21 completed the survey. Sixty‐five percent of women underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy before or during CRS. Twenty‐nine percent of these women recall fertility counseling before CRS/HIPEC, while 14.3% saw a fertility specialist for consultation, and only one patient proceeded with oocyte cryopreservation before treatment. There were no pregnancies reported following treatment with CRS/HIPEC.ConclusionFew patients after CRS/HIPEC retain child‐bearing potential, partly due to the high rate of hysterectomy and oophorectomy at time of surgery. Efforts towards improved preoperative counseling, increased oocyte cryopreservation, and evaluating the safety of preserving reproductive organs at the time of surgery are needed.
Identification of patients who may benefit the most from adjuvant chemotherapy following resection of incidental gallbladder carcinoma
Authors: Xiang Jun‐Xi , Zhang Xu‐Feng , Weber Sharon M. , Poultsides George , Fields Ryan C. , Hatzaras Ioannis , Weiss Matthew , Scoggins Charles , Idrees Kamron , Shen Perry , Maithel Shishir K. , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo develop a scoring system to identify the subset of patients who may benefit the most from adjuvant chemotherapy following curative‐intent resection for incidental gallbladder cancer (IGBC).MethodsA novel scoring system was utilized to stratify patients relative to overall survival (OS), as well as potential benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy following curative resection for IGBC.ResultsAmong 266 patients with IGBC, a total of 99 (37.2%) patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. Five risk factors were used to develop an integer‐based score to predict OS. Risk of death at 5‐years incrementally increased among patients in the low (n = 42, 69.0%), medium (n = 64, 56.3%) and high‐risk groups (n = 40, 30.0%) (median OS, 99.4 vs. 33.5 vs. 15.6 months, all p < .001). Use of adjuvant chemotherapy did not provide a survival benefit among patients in the low‐risk group (median survival, 99.4 vs. 60.7 months, p = .56). In contrast, utilization of adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with an improvement in survival among medium‐ (median survival, 21.7 vs. 59.5 months, p = .04) and high‐risk patients (median survival, 11.6 vs. 20.1 months, p = .01).ConclusionsWhile low‐risk patients did not benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, individuals with medium or high‐risk scores had an improved survival with the utilization of adjuvant chemotherapy.
Cost drivers of locally advanced rectal cancer treatment—An analysis of a leading healthcare insurer
Authors: Grass Fabian , Merchea Amit , Mathis Kellie L. , Mishra Nitin , Heien Herbert , Sangaralingham Lindsey R. , Larson David W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the economic burden of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treatment from a society perspective through analysis of health insurance‐derived data of commercially insured and Medicare Advantage (MA) patients.MethodsRetrospective cost analysis of patients undergoing rectal resection within a multimodal (neoadjuvant chemoradiation + adjuvant chemotherapy) treatment strategy between January 1, 2010 and October 31, 2018, using the claims OptumLabs Data Warehouse database.ResultsIn total, 1738 (935 commercial and 803 MA) patients were included. Overall treatment costs totaled $230,881,746 (on average $183 653 ± 82 384 per commercially insured and $73 681 ± 32 917 per MA patient). Cost distribution according to category (commercially insured patients) was: 29.92% related to outpatient care (follow‐up visits/diagnostics), radiotherapy: 21.83%, index resection: 20.62%, chemotherapy: 17.44%, surgical inpatient: 6.32%, medical inpatient: 3.28%, emergency room: 0.58%. Relative cost distribution of the index resection itself differed marginally between the three approaches and was 21.49% for open, 19.30% for laparoscopic, and 20.93% for robotic surgery. Relative cost distributions of neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and outpatient treatments remained unchanged, independently of the surgical approach. This representation was similar in MA patients.ConclusionIndex‐surgery related costs were outweighed by costs related to oncological and outpatient workup/follow‐up treatments independently of both surgical approach and insurance type.
Prognostic value of pathological tumor regression grade in locally advanced gastric cancer: New perspectives from a single‐center experience
Authors: Lombardi Pietro Maria , Mazzola Michele , Achilli Pietro , Aquilano Maria Costanza , De Martini Paolo , Curaba Annabella , Gualtierotti Monica , Bertoglio Camillo L. , Magistro Carmelo , Ferrari Giovanni 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivePerioperative chemotherapy (PC) with radical surgery represents the gold standard of treatment for resectable advanced gastric cancer (GC). The prognostic value of pathological tumor regression grade (TRG) induced by neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is not clearly established. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between TRG and survival in GC.MethodsPatients affected by advanced GC undergoing PC and radical surgery were considered. TRG was assessed for each patient according to Becker's grading system. The correlation between TRG and survival was investigated.ResultsOne‐hundred patients were selected; 25 showed a good response (GR) (TRG 1a/1b), while 75 had a poor response (PR) (TRG 2/3) to NACT. GR patients showed better disease‐free survival (DFS) (52 vs. 19 months, p < .001) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) (57 vs. 25 months, p < .0001) when compared to PR patients. On univariate analysis, TRG, lymph node ratio (LNR), tumor size, grading, and post‐neoadjuvant therapy TNM stage were significantly correlated with survival. On multivariate analysis, TRG, LNR and tumor size were independent prognostic factors for DFS and DSS.ConclusionsTRG, LNR, and tumor size are independent prognostic factors for DFS and DSS in patients with advanced GC undergoing NACT.
Forecasting performance of cruise passengers: the Spanish ports case
Authors: Grifoll Manel , Sanchez‐Espigares Josep , Feng Hongxiang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis contribution examines the passenger forecasting performance of the SARIMA method applied to cruise activities in the main Spanish ports. In this port system, the cruise activity market is characterized by different seasonal patterns (i.e., once‐ or twice‐yearly peaks, which means unimodal or bimodal behavior) due to repositioning strategy. The outcome of standard indicators for accuracy testing reveals inconsistent prediction performances among ports. These inconsistencies are analyzed using an index of bimodality and seasonal variability. The forecasted values for a high‐level of bimodality and seasonal variability show worse prediction performances than unimodal patterns and low seasonal variability. Ports with less passenger activity entail larger predictions errors. Exponential and linear models were adjusted between the error metrics and the mentioned indexes.
A soil quality index for seven productive landscapes in the Andean‐Amazonian foothills of Ecuador
Authors: Bravo‐Medina C. , Goyes‐Vera F. , Arteaga‐Crespo Y. , García‐Quintana Y. , Changoluisa D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFew studies have comprehensively evaluated the effect of changing land use on the soil quality in the Ecuadorian Amazon region that is subject to continued deforestation processes. This study evaluated the influence of different types of land use on soil quality using an integrated soil quality index (SQI) with a minimum set of indicators, based on 140 soil samples from 7 land use types, in seven productive distinct landscapes in Pastaza Province, Ecuador. The land use type evaluated was Chakra_A, Chakra_B, Chakra_C, Cattle_A, Cattle_B, Cattle_C, and Forest. Land use type had significant effects on soil properties and thus on soil quality. SQI was developed by using, AP, Zn, TOC, BD, and LL; AP and Zn had highest weighting values (0.38), which indicated that these indicators contributed the most to final SQI. In general, the SQI varied significantly depending on the type of land use and two groups were established: the first categorized as of moderate quality with mean SQI values of 0.45, 0.44, and 0.41 for Chakra_A, Forest and Chakra_B, respectively; while the second group registered average SQI values of 0.33, 0.33, 0.32, and 0.30 for Chakra_C, Cattle_C, Cattle_A and Cattle_B, respectively, considered of low quality. The methods used are applicable to the study of changes in soil properties as functions of agroforestry systems, which are generated by changes in land use in similar landscape of the Ecuadorian Amazon.
2,5‐Dimethylfuran/Acrylonitrile as Latent Monomer for Sequence‐Controlled Copolymer and Sequence‐Dependent Thermo‐Responsivity
Authors: Gao Yang , Zhang Liuqiao , Jia Rui , Huang Zhihao , Xie Yujie , Xuan Sunting , Zhou Nianchen , Zhang Zhengbiao , Zhu Xiulin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSequence control has attracted increasing attention for its ability of regulating polymer property and performance. Herein, the sequence‐controlled polymer containing acrylonitrile (AN) is achieved by using 2,5‐dimethylfuran/acrylonitrile adduct as a latent monomer. The temperature‐dependent retro Diels–Alder reaction is engaged in controlling the release of AN during RAFT polymerization, that is, regulating the instant AN concentration via a non‐invasive and in situ manner. Such control over the instant AN concentration and particularly the molar ratio of comonomer pair leads to the simultaneous change of monomer units in “living” polymeric chain, thus resulting in the sequence–controlled polymeric structures. By delicately manipulating the polymerization temperature, diverse sequence‐on‐demand structures of AN‐containing copolymers, such as poly(AN/methyl methacrylate), poly(AN/styrene), poly(AN/butyl acrylate), poly(AN/N,N‐dimethylacrylamide), and poly(AN/N‐isopropylacrylamide) are created. Meanwhile, this study presents an initial attempt in tuning the thermal responsivity of poly(AN/N‐isopropylacrylamide), which is closely correlated to the sequence of polymer structure. More importantly, the polymer with averagely distributed AN units results in the higher thermal sensitivity. Therefore, the synthetic strategy proposed in this work offers a promising platform for accessing the sequence‐controlled copolymers containing AN structures, thus expanding the investigation on the relationship between the polymer structures and correlated properties.
Preference modelling in sorting problems: Multiple criteria decision aid and statistical learning perspectives
Authors: Erişkin Levent 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMany decision problems in a variety of fields such as marketing, quality prediction, and economics correspond to the sorting decision problematic where an ordinal scale is used to express a preference of objects. Both Multiple Criteria Decision Aid and Statistical Learning fields offer methodologies to represent the preference of the decision maker facing the sorting problem, however, there are differences in terminology, objectives, key assumptions, and solution philosophies. In this context, this paper aims to explain these differences as well as similarities and connections between these two fields by reviewing exemplary methodologies in sorting problems. As we discuss, there are significant research opportunities for developing new methodologies by exploiting the strong aspects of these two fields.