bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ascoli-Arzelà Theorem (Metric Space Version)
Authors: Miyajima Keiichi , Yamazaki Hiroshi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We formulate and prove in Mizar the Ascoli-Arzelà’s theorem, which gives necessary and sufficient conditions for a collection of continuous functions to be compact. We use the metric space setting, and the notions of equicontinuousness and equiboundedness of a set of continuous functions are utilized.
The Machine Translation (MT) of Proverbs in the ENG-PL Language Pair
Authors: Romaniuk-Cholewska Dominika 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The translation of proverbs is an act of cross-cultural transmission that plays a vital role in the preservation and dissemination of shared knowledge within a community. While traditional dictionaries are invaluable in the translation of sayings, there is a growing trend to replace them with machine translation (MT) programmes. Although some studies have investigated the quality of machine translation of proverbs, research in this area is relatively limited. The study evaluates the quality of machine translation of 18 proverbs in Google Translate, DeepL, PONS, and the two most recent large language model tools, ChatGPT-3.5 and Google Bard. The research is conducted with two hypotheses: first, human translator supervision is essential in the case of non-literal translations such as proverbs; second, the role of the translator is changing, and in its current form, it is more often reduced to an attentive post-editor. The paper aims to achieve two objectives: first, the evaluation of the quality of machine-translated proverbs in the EN-PL pair, and second, the analysis and classification of errors occurring in machine translation of proverbs in the EN-PL pair. The research revealed that AI tools presented the highest accuracy for proverb translations, with scores of 61% (ChatGPT) and 44% (Google Bard) in Polish-to-English translation and 38% (ChatGPT) and 50% (Google Bard) in English-to-Polish translation. Furthermore, the study revealed errors typical of translation tools based on large language models such as ChatGPT and Google Bard.
Native Language Attrition or Expansion? Considerations About Lexical Reverse Transfer: A Case Study
Authors: Chłopek Zofia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A bi- or multilingual repertoire is a complex and dynamic system of languages (Herdina & Jessner, 2002; Herwig, 2001; Larsen-Freeman & Cameron, 2008; Stotz & Cardoso, 2022) which interact with each other and with the conceptual system (Kroll & Stewart, 1994; Pavlenko, 2009). Importantly, fluent and regularly used native languages are not spared from the influence of later acquired non-native ones. The paper presents the results of a case study conducted with a native speaker of Polish with three additional languages: English, German, and French. Based on the analysis of the instances of lexical reverse transfer observed in the spoken production in her L1, it is concluded that reverse transfer may lead to partial L1 attrition, at least when the monolingual perspective is taken. From the multilingualism point of view, reverse transfer should rather be treated as a phenomenon leading to partial restructuring and enhancement of mother tongue competences.
The Stability and Dynamics of Vague Legal Concepts as the Central Core and Periphery of Social Representations1
Authors: Smejkalová Terezie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In a related project, the social representation of public order among legal professionals has been explored by means of semi-structured interviews (Smejkalová et al. 2022). The participants of this research represent public order, inter alia, as a stable safeguard of fundamental social values while recognizing its vagueness and inherent propensity for change. This contradiction between its purpose to provide stability while being subject to social or temporal contexts seems akin to the structural approach to social representations.
The social representations approach (Moscovici 1961, 2001) is an approach used in social psychology, rooted in the idea that social objects or phenomena must be represented by a social group in order to perform any kind of social function. Within this approach, a structural (Abric 1993) differentiation between a stable, normative central core of a social representation, and flexible periphery has been developed. The contradictions between the stability and dynamics of public order the participants talk about are not dissimilar from the theoretical considerations of the structural approach to social representation. Moreover, Moscovici’s (2001) and Wachelke’s (2012) framing of social representations especially resonates when applied to public order, pointing towards its role as a system facilitating communication and orientation within a social group.
The present study utilizes the data available from the transcripts of these interviews with a single focus on the themes of dynamics and stability. It aims to discuss these themes across various disciplines, offering links that might have been overlooked. This study further underscores the usefulness of the social representation approach in legal conceptualization, advocating for the necessity of more synthetic approaches merging philosophy, linguistics (semiotics), social psychology, and law to enrich further understanding in this domain.
The Engineer as an Educator: Goods, Virtues, and Secondary Practices
Authors: Machura Piotr 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
How should ethical standards be maintained within engineering and engineering education? The present paper addresses this question with relation to the dominant models of engineering ethics (EE) to show that their limits might be overcome by incorporating the vocabulary of neo-Aristotelian virtue ethics. On the basis of the MacIntyrean concept of practice, the secondary role of engineering is highlighted which echoes similar debates concerning education. This similarity is picked up to argue that the role of the engineer in relation to the end-users of their projects should be understood as on a par with the teacher-student relationship. This enables us not only to redefine the internal good of engineering and the ground for EE, but also to indicate the key virtues and educational models for engineering that they should be key parts of.
The Organizational Culture and Innovation of Enterprises in the Era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Protasiewicz Anna , Zalesko Elzbieta 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The fourth industrial revolution, characterized by the development of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things and automation, is radically changing the context of functioning of modern enterprises. In this environment, innovation is a key element of competitive advantage, and organizational culture is one of the fundamental factors enabling effective implementation of innovations. The aim of this article is to analyze the role of organizational culture as a catalyst for innovation in enterprises in the era of Industry 4.0. The paper discusses the basic elements of organizational culture, such as openness to change, cooperation between teams and organizational flexibility, which are of key importance in innovation processes. On this basis, conclusions are formulated regarding the impact of organizational culture on the ability of enterprises to compete and develop in a dynamically changing economic environment. The study has a theoretical and empirical character. For the research, the authors used the descriptive method with elements of statistical data analysis. The analysis was based on reports of such institutions as the World Economic Forum, McKinsey and secondary data regarding Polish enterprises.
Letter to the Editor Regarding “Early Surgery Versus Exercise Therapy and Patient Education for Traumatic and Nontraumatic Meniscal Tears in Young Adults: An Exploratory Analysis From the DREAM Trial”
Authors: Chiang Tsai-Jung , Fu Yu-Shan 
Published: January 2025

Letter to the Editor-in-Chief in response to JOSPT article “Early Surgery Versus Exercise Therapy and Patient Education for Traumatic and Nontraumatic Meniscal Tears in Young Adults—an Exploratory Analysis From the DREAM Trial” by Damsted et al. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2025;55(1):70. doi:10.2519/jospt.2025.0201
Are Tailored Interventions to Modifiable Psychosocial Risk Factors Effective in Reducing Pain Intensity and Disability in Low Back Pain? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Rabiei Pouya , Keough Catelyn , Patricio Philippe , Côté-Picard Claudia , Desgagnés Amélie , Massé-Alarie Hugo 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether tailored interventions based on patients’ psychological profiles enhanced the outcomes of interventions in people with nonspecific low back pain, compared to usual care. DESIGN: Intervention systematic review with meta-analysis. LITERATURE SEARCH: Embase, Cochrane, Medline, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched from their inception until November 2, 2023. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized clinical trials that compared psychological interventions to any alternatives without psychological components in patients with nonspecific low back pain who were stratified based on their psychological risk factors using the cutoff of the questionnaires measuring a psychological construct. DATA SYNTHESIS: The outcomes were pain intensity and disability. The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials was used to evaluate the risk of bias. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to judge certainty of evidence. RESULTS: Twenty-nine trials were included, most presenting some concerns for the risk of bias. The certainty of evidence was mostly low, with moderate to substantial heterogeneity. Using psychological stratification, individuals who received a psychological intervention (versus usual care) reported lower pain intensity at the short term (MD, −0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.41, −0.02) and midterm (MD, −0.37; 95% CI: −0.57, −0.16). For disability, there was a larger improvement with psychological interventions versus usual care at short-term (SMD, −0.17; 95% CI: −0.32, −0.02), midterm (SMD, −0.16; 95% CI: −0.28, −0.05), and long-term (SMD, −0.17; 95% CI: −0.29, −0.04) follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological interventions had a positive impact, although small, on reducing pain intensity and disability in patients with low back pain and psychological risk factors. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2025;55(2):89-108. Epub 3 January 2025. doi:10.2519/jospt.2025.12777
Textiles as microplastic source - A holistic approach to determine fibre release by textile laundry, biodegradation and ecotoxicity (DIN SPEC 4872)
Authors: Alberts Juliane , Glink Eva , Classen Edith 
Published: January 2025

When textiles are washed, natural and synthetic fibres are released that cannot completely be retained by waste water treatment plants. These microfibres can enter freshwater ecosystems and marine habitats and have unpredictable negative effects on the environment. Until now, there has been no standardised approach for determining the environmental impact of microfibres released during washing. Against this background, a new test procedure to investigate and classify the environmental impact of textiles during laundering was developed (DIN SPEC 4872). In this test procedure, textiles are classified with regard to fibre release during the washing process using a suitable analysis system – the Dynamic Image Analysis. In addition, the microfibre release is classified by testing its biodegradability in waste water using a respirometer system. Finally, a suitable ecotoxicity test with a model aquatic organism (Lemna minor) is carried out, to determine the toxicity of the fibre residues after the biodegradation process. With this holistic test procedure, it is possible to investigate the environmental impact of synthetic microfibres (microplastics), as well as natural microfibres in a standardised way. The consideration of textiles made of natural fibres is just as important as the consideration of synthetic ones, because their fibre release capacity, biodegradability and ecotoxicity can be influenced by textile finishes such as dyes and can therefore also pose a risk to the environment.
Unveiling the art of Indigenous threaded hairstyles in some selected areas in Ghana
Authors: Quampah B. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Indigenous threaded hairstyles are integral to cultural sustainability in many communities, which has recently been a cardinal discourse at global and local levels. This paper focused on unveiling the art of threaded hairstyles in some selected areas in Ghana.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This article employs an interpretivism approach, which requires inductive reasoning and a small sample size. A purposive sampling method was adopted for this study. Relying on in-depth interviews, data were gathered from ten (10) hairstylists, five (5) artists, eight (8) threaded hair wearers and one anthropologist, as well as four (4) respondents from the cultural centres, with two from the Centre for National Culture in Kumasi and the other two from Centre for National Culture in Accra. The data was analysed using thematic analysis.
Findings: The findings revealed four (4) distinct threaded hairstyles, two from the Ga Traditional Area and the other from the Kumasi Traditional Area. These hairstyles are portrayed in four primary visual art forms, the dominant being body art. Other art forms that appeared scantly were ceramic and wood sculptures. They all portray social symbolism.
Research Limitation: This research focused on unravelling the art forms of Indigenous hair threading in the Kumasi Traditional Area and Ga Traditional Area of Ghana.
Practical implications: This paper could help us understand the aesthetics of hair threading dynamics in Ghana and other developing countries.
Social Implication: This study will assist development policy-makers in addressing sustainable Indigenous artworks, such as hair threading, by ensuring social, economic, and environmental stability for present and future generations.
Originality/ Value: This study is based on a Knowledge Transfer Breakdown of the creativity and continuity of artistic tradition and the employable skills of human resources who make judicious use of available materials within their immediate environment.
Assessing Levels of Monosodium Glutamate and Microbes in Street Foods
Authors: Osiakwa G. , Golly M. K. , Quao B. N. A. , Mohammed B. , Amponsah A. S. , Doku T. E. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study aimed to assess monosodium glutamate (MSG) levels and microbial contamination in street-vended foods in Sunyani Township, Ghana. The study evaluated the safety of commonly consumed foods, such as soup, stew, noodles, and fried rice, and compared contamination levels between day and night samples. The excessive use of MSG and poor food hygiene in street-vended foods can pose significant health risks, including metabolic disorders, foodborne illnesses, and gastrointestinal issues. Despite the popularity of street foods, limited research has addressed the food safety risks in this context.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Twenty samples of four street foods were collected during day and night. High-performance liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine MSG concentrations, while microbial analysis focused on Total Viable Counts (TVC), Total Coliform Counts (TCC), and the presence of pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella using standard protocols.
Findings: MSG levels in all food samples exceeded the 10 g/kg Codex Alimentarius guideline, particularly in noodles (19.64 g/kg) and fried rice (19.52 g/kg) during night-time sales. Microbial contamination was higher at night, with TVC levels in some samples exceeding 5 log CFU/g, posing a risk of foodborne illness. Significant differences between day and night contamination levels were observed, especially for E. coli and Salmonella.
Research Limitation: This study considered only four types of street foods; hence, further research is needed to assess a broader range of street-vended products. Additionally, seasonal variations in contamination levels were not investigated.
Practical Implication: The findings highlight the need for enhanced regulatory oversight and vendor education on food safety and hygiene practices to reduce public health risks.
Social Implication: Improving food safety in street vending can protect public health, reduce healthcare costs, and improve the quality of life for consumers in urban settings.
Originality/ Value: This research provides valuable insights into the risks associated with MSG overuse and microbial contamination in street foods, contributing to the data on food safety in developing countries.
Examination of the Clinical Utility of Eating Disorder and Disordered Eating Screening Tools in Young Athletes: A Scoping Review
Authors: Hoogenboom Barbara J. , Capulong Zachary , Teeter Megan 
Published: January 2025

Background and Purpose Many screening tools are used to identify eating disorders (ED) and disordered eating (DE) in individuals. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the most commonly used ED/DE screening tools for young male and female athletes. Study Design Scoping Review Methods Following the Johanna Briggs Institute scoping review guidelines, PubMed, CINAHL Complete, PsycInfo, SPORTdiscus, and Web of Science Core Collection databases were searched using keywords related to eating disorder, disordered eating, athletes, and screening. Included articles were randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, or cross-sectional studies published in English between 2011-2023; included primarily non-aesthetic athletes aged 14-24 years; and utilized an ED/DE screening tool for diagnostic purposes. Articles were excluded if analysis of ED/DE was a secondary purpose or < 20 athletes participated. Tools utilized and demographic and outcomes data were extracted and qualitatively analyzed. Results Thirty articles were included. The Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), the Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food (SCOFF) questionnaire, and the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) were most used among all included articles. Three articles examined only males and used a variety of tools. Five articles utilized a tool specifically designed for athletes: the Eating Disorder Screen for Athletes (EDSA), Brief Eating Disorder in Athletes Questionnaire (BEDA-Q) or the ATHLETE questionnaire. Discussion While the EAT-26 is most used for diagnosing ED/DE risk within young athletes, clinical utility of screening tools for male athletes is varied. Combinations of tools utilized for examining ED/DE risk in athletes are not agreed upon. Continued research is needed to assess the clinical utility of screening tools that identify ED/DE risk specifically in athletes. Tool adjustment or development for male athletes may be necessary. Level of Evidence 2a
Effectiveness of a Foam Roller Warm-Up in Professional Basketball Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Casado Daniel , Nacher Ivan , Pardo Juan , Reina Javier 
Published: January 2025

Background The foam roller is considered a versatile tool. Along with an active warm-up, it appears to positively affect range of motion, stability, muscle stiffness, and perceived exertion with no reductions in performance. Hypothesis/Purpose The main purpose of the study was to observe the effects of the utilization of a foam roller during the warm-up on ankle mobility and lower limb stability, and secondarily, to assess if any induced effects were sustained over time. Study design Randomized controlled trial. Methods Twenty-two healthy male subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group, which only carried out a general warm-up over a period of four months, and the foam roller group, which followed a specific warm-up routine using a foam roller for a period of three months plus one month of follow-up in which no foam rolling was performed. Two outcome measurements were taken pre- and post- intervention to assess ankle mobility: the Dorsi-Flexion Lunge test and the Y-Balance test (YBT) for the lower quarter. Outcomes were measured at three time points: before the protocol was initiated, at the end of the protocol (at 12 weeks), and after a one-month follow-up period (at 16 weeks). Results A significant increase was observed in the dorsiflexion of the right (p < 0.001) and left (p < 0.001) ankles in the experimental group. Significant increases were also noticed in the anterior (p < 0.003), posteromedial (p < 0.050), and posterolateral (p < 0.050) reach distances of the right leg and in the anterior (p < 0.002), posteromedial (p < 0.010), and posterolateral (p < 0.030) reach distances of the left leg during the YBT in the experimental group. The control group also showed significant differences in the right (p < 0.007) and left (p < 0.010) anterior reach distances on the YBT. At the one-month follow-up period, the improvements that had been obtained in both groups were lost, except for the dorsiflexion of the right ankle (p < 0.050) and right (p < 0.010) and left (p < 0.030) anterior reach distance on the YBT in the experimental group. Conclusions The foam roller can be used as a part of a pre-training warm-up routine to enhance the dorsiflexion range of motion and performance on the YBT. Level of Evidence 3. Registered as a clinical trial at ClinicalTrials.gov with registration number: NCT05971316.
Evaluation and Treatment of Baseball Pitchers: There’s More to Assess than the Arm
Authors: Gauthier Matthew L , Unverzagt Casey A , Davies George J 
Published: January 2025

Injuries are commonplace in the overhead athlete, with many occurring to the shoulder and elbow. The increasing prevalence of injuries to the shoulder and elbow has been discussed at length in recent years, with increased research focus being placed on arm care for rehabilitation and prevention strategies. Even though the pitching motion is well-established as a whole-body kinetic chain movement, most attention in rehabilitation and prevention efforts is often placed on the upper extremity. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to highlight the impact the lower extremity and trunk have on the upper extremity during the throwing motion, better equipping clinicians to treat this patient population. Additionally, this clinical commentary highlights the current literature and recommendations regarding examination of the entire kinetic chain and concludes with a review of current evidence and recommendations regarding treatment of impairments and functional limitations identified in the proximal kinetic chain. In leaving no stone unturned, clinicians can address all components of the kinetic chain in throwers, maximizing performance and mitigating risk of injury. Level of Evidence: 5