bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental Education Infographics by Instagram: Digital Learning Material Increasing Motivation During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rahmawati Habibah , Ristanto Rizhal H. , Miarsyah Mieke 
Published: March 2021

Learning activities during the Covid -19 pandemic were dominated by online learning, so digital learning materials are needed to help increase student learning motivation. The purpose of this development research is to develop digital learning material based infographic by instagram on environmental education that can increase student learning motivation in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. This development research uses a method that integrates the Borg and Gall models. The data obtained were through documentation, interviews, expert validation and provision of ARCS questionnaires. The results of the validity test based on the analysis of the expert's assessment data stated that this learning material fell into the "very valid" category with an average score of 3.66. During the learning process using infographic learning materials assisted by Instagram, there was an increase in student motivation with an initial percentage value of 54.25% to 83.75% after using the learning materials developed, the magnitude of the increase was obtained from the n gain test with a score of 0.67 in the moderate category.
Keywords: Digital Learning Material, Environmental Education, Infographic b Instagram, Covid-19
Functional Assessment of Four Novel Immune-Related Biomarkers in the Pathogenesis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Lv Daojun , Wu Xiangkun , Wang Ming , Chen Wenzhe , Yang Shuxin , Liu Yongda , Zeng Guohua , Gu Di 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma whose pathogenesis is not well understood. We aimed at identifying novel immune-related biomarkers that could be valuable in the diagnosis and prognosis of ccRCC.MethodsThe Robust Rank Aggregation (RRA) method was used to integrate differently expressed genes (DEGs) of 7 Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets and obtain robust DEGs. Weighted gene co-expression network analyses (WGCNA) were performed to identify hub genes associated with clinical traits in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Comprehensive bioinformatic analyses were used to explore the role of hub genes in ccRCC.ResultsFour hub genes IFI16, LMNB1, RHBDF2 and TACC3 were screened by the RRA method and WGCNA. These genes were found to be up-regulated in ccRCC, an upregulation that could be due to their associations with late TNM stages and tumor grades. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the four hub genes had great diagnostic and prognostic values for ccRCC, while Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed that they were involved in immune signaling pathways. They were also found to be closely associated with multiple tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and critical immune checkpoint expressions. The results of Quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining (IHC) analysis were consistent with bioinformatics analysis results.ConclusionThe four hub genes were shown to have great diagnostic and prognostic values and played key roles in the tumor microenvironment of ccRCC.
Factors Associated With MALDI-TOF Mass Spectral Quality of Species Identification in Clinical Routine Diagnostics
Authors: Cuénod Aline , Foucault Frédéric , Pflüger Valentin , Egli Adrian 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundAn accurate and timely identification of bacterial species is critical in clinical diagnostics. Species identification allows a potential first adaptation of empiric antibiotic treatments before the resistance profile is available. Matrix assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a widely used method for bacterial species identification. However, important challenges in species identification remain. These arise from (i) incomplete databases, (ii) close relatedness of species of interest, and (iii) spectral quality, which is currently vaguely defined.MethodsWe selected 47 clinically relevant bacterial isolates from 39 species, which can be challenging to identify by MALDI-TOF MS. We measured these isolates under various analytical conditions on two MALDI-TOF MS systems. First, we identified spectral features, which were associated with correct species identification in three different databases. Considering these features, we then systematically compared spectra produced with three different sample preparation protocols. In addition, we varied quantities of bacterial colony material applied and bacterial colony age.ResultsWe identified (i) the number of ribosomal marker peaks detected, (ii) the median relative intensity of ribosomal marker peaks, (iii) the sum of the intensity of all detected peaks, (iv) a high measurement precision, and (v) reproducibility of peaks to act as good proxies of spectral quality. We found that using formic acid, measuring bacterial colonies at a young age, and frequently calibrating the MALDI-TOF MS device increase mass spectral quality. We further observed significant differences in spectral quality between different bacterial taxa and optimal measurement conditions vary per taxon.ConclusionWe identified and applied quality measures for MALDI-TOF MS and optimized spectral quality in routine settings. Phylogenetic marker peaks can be reproducibly detected and provide an increased resolution and the ability to distinguish between challenging species such as those within the Enterobacter cloacae complex, Burkholderia cepacia complex, or viridans streptococci.
Role of Neutrophil-Derived S100B in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients From the Han Chinese Population
Authors: Cheng Minghui , Su Xu , Liu Dan , Tian Xiaoxiang , Yan Chenghui , Zhang Xiaolin , Han Yaling 
Published: March 2021

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the novel role of homeostatic calmodulin S100B and determined whether S100B genetic variants affected atherosclerosis progression in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients.Methods: Plasma levels of S100B were measured systemically in AMI patients, stable angina pectoris patients, and control subjects. S100B was obtained from the human coronary artery thrombi using a thrombectomy catheter and quantified via immunohistochemical analysis, qRT-PCR and Western blot analyse. We also screened for S100B variations (rs9722, rs9984765, rs2839356, rs1051169, and rs2186358) via direct sequencing, and investigated the relationship between these variants and AMI patients in the Chinese Han population.Results: Plasma S100B levels increased significantly in AMI patients compared to the levels in stable angina pectoris patients and control subjects (119.45 ± 62.46, 161.96 ± 73.30, and 312.91 ± 127.59 pg/ml, respectively). Immunohistochemical staining results showed that S100B expression was increased in the neutrophils of coronary artery thrombi obtained from AMI patients, as compared to that in normal blood clot, and S100B expression was significantly increased in fresh thrombi tissues, as compared to that in organized thrombi tissues. Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis showed that S100B expression increased in coronary artery thrombi, as compared to that in normal blood clots. After pre-treating the neutrophils with siRAGE, the neutrophils migration induced by S100B were abolished through the NFκB-IL1β/IL6 signaling pathway. Compared to their corresponding wild-type genotypes, the S100B rs9722 variant was associated with increased susceptibility to AMI (OR = 1.35, 95%CI: 1.12–1.65, P = 0.02). Individuals with the S100B 9722 A allele had higher plasma S100B levels than those with the G allele in control subjects and AMI patients (141.70 ± 76.69 vs. 107.31 ± 56.05 and 347.13 ± 148.94 vs. 273.05 ± 133.62, respectively).Conclusions: Levels of neutrophil-derived S100B, a novel homeostatic calmodulin, were elevated in the early stages of myocardial infarction. The S100B rs9722 allele was independently associated with AMI patients in the Han Chinese population.
The Genesis of the Askartor Be-Mo Deposit in the North Xinjiang, Northwest China: Evidence From Geology, Geochemistry, U-Pb, and Re-Os Geochronology
Authors: Yong Tang , Hui Zhang , Zheng-Hang Lv 
Published: March 2021

The Askartor Be-Mo deposit is located in the southeastern area of the Chinese Altay orogenic belt in Xinjiang, NW China. Zircon U-Pb data show that there are two periods of magmatic activities in the Askartor Be-Mo ore district, namely, the Devonian granodiorite (386.8 ± 2.6 Ma) and biotite granite (385.4 ± 4.4 Ma), and the Triassic two-mica granite (247.5 ± 2.2 Ma) and muscovite granite (231.4 ± 2.0 Ma). The zircon U-Pb age of pegmatoid orebody is 220.6 ± 1.6 Ma which coincides with the molybdenite Re-Os isochron age of 228.7 ± 7.1 Ma. The two-mica and muscovite granites belong to the high-K Calc-alkaline series with peraluminous features, and are characterized by high SiO2 (71.92–75.41 wt%), and Al2O3 (13.43–15.98 wt%), and low TiO2 (0.01–0.25 wt%), Fe2O3 (0.11–1.14 wt%) and CaO (0.07–0.76 wt%). The highly fractionated element ratios of Y/Ho, Zr/Hf and Nb/Ta, and the rare earth element tetrad effect occur in the muscovite granite, indicating the fluid exsolution occurs at the late stage of magma evolution, and the muscovite granite experienced the strong self-metasomatism. Rayleigh fractional calculations show that the Askartor Be-Mo deposit is the product of multistage fractional crystallization of initial Be-enriched magma.
Prediction of Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma With a Multi-Disciplinary Team-Like Radiomics Fusion Model on Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography
Authors: Zhang Wanli , Yang Ruimeng , Liang Fangrong , Liu Guoshun , Chen Amei , Wu Hongzhen , Lai Shengsheng , Ding Wenshuang , Wei Xinhua , Zhen Xin , Jiang Xinqing 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate microvascular invasion (MVI) of HCC through a noninvasive multi-disciplinary team (MDT)-like radiomics fusion model on dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) computed tomography (CT).MethodsThis retrospective study included 111 patients with pathologically proven hepatocellular carcinoma, which comprised 57 MVI-positive and 54 MVI-negative patients. Target volume of interest (VOI) was delineated on four DCE CT phases. The volume of tumor core (Vtc) and seven peripheral tumor regions (Vpt, with varying distances of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 mm to tumor margin) were obtained. Radiomics features extracted from different combinations of phase(s) and VOI(s) were cross-validated by 150 classification models. The best phase and VOI (or combinations) were determined. The top predictive models were ranked and screened by cross-validation on the training/validation set. The model fusion, a procedure analogous to multidisciplinary consultation, was performed on the top-3 models to generate a final model, which was validated on an independent testing set.ResultsImage features extracted from Vtc+Vpt(12mm) in the portal venous phase (PVP) showed dominant predictive performances. The top ranked features from Vtc+Vpt(12mm) in PVP included one gray level size zone matrix (GLSZM)-based feature and four first-order based features. Model fusion outperformed a single model in MVI prediction. The weighted fusion method achieved the best predictive performance with an AUC of 0.81, accuracy of 78.3%, sensitivity of 81.8%, and specificity of 75% on the independent testing set.ConclusionImage features extracted from the PVP with Vtc+Vpt(12mm) are the most reliable features indicative of MVI. The MDT-like radiomics fusion model is a promising tool to generate accurate and reproducible results in MVI status prediction in HCC.
Astragaloside II Ameliorated Podocyte Injury and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Su Jun , Gao Chongting , Xie Ling , Fan Ying , Shen Yilan , Huang Qunwei , Wang Niansong , Xu Youhua , Yang Nizhi , Gui Dingkun 
Published: March 2021

Astragaloside II (AS II), a novel saponin purified from Astragalus membranes, has been reported to modulate the immune response, repair tissue injury, and prevent inflammatory response. However, the protective effects of AS II on podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy (DN) have not been investigated yet. In this study, we aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of AS II on podocyte injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in DN. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ) by intraperitoneal injection at 55 mg/kg in rats. Diabetic rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely, diabetic rats and diabetic rats treated with losartan (10 mg·kg−1·d−1) or AS II (3.2 and 6.4 mg·kg−1·d−1) for 9 weeks. Normal Sprague-Dawley rats were chosen as nondiabetic control group. Urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), biochemical parameters, renal histopathology and podocyte apoptosis, and morphological changes were evaluated. Expressions of mitochondrial dynamics-related and autophagy-related proteins, such as Mfn2, Fis1, P62, and LC3, as well as Nrf2, Keap1, PINK1, and Parkin, were examined by immunohistochemistry, western blot, and real-time PCR, respectively. Our results indicated that AS II ameliorated albuminuria, renal histopathology, and podocyte foot process effacement and podocyte apoptosis in diabetic rats. AS II also partially restored the renal expression of mitochondrial dynamics-related and autophagy-related proteins, including Mfn2, Fis1, P62, and LC3. AS II also increased the expression of PINK1 and Parkin associated with mitophagy in diabetic rats. Moreover, AS II facilitated antioxidative stress ability via increasing Nrf2 expression and decreasing Keap1 protein level. These results suggested that AS II ameliorated podocyte injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic rats partly through regulation of Nrf2 and PINK1 pathway. These important findings might provide an innovative therapeutic strategy for the treatment of DN.
The Effects of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak on Medical Students
Authors: Bilgi Kadir , Aytaş Gamze , Karatoprak Utku , Kazancıoǧlu Rümeyza , Özçelik Semra 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has influenced the whole world, where after the first case was diagnosed in Turkey, educational activities were suspended and partial curfews were implemented. This study was conducted to assess the concerns faced by the medical students about their professional life due to the disrupted educational activities and related psychological effects.Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey study, conducted with self-administered questionnaires on Bezmialem Vakif University medical students, during the pandemic. The questionnaire consists of queries about demographics, environmental factors, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scales.Results: A total of 178 students participated in the study, with a female-to-male ratio of 5:2. Of the total respondents, 19.7% were experiencing severe anxiety, 17.4% moderate anxiety, and 37.1% mild anxiety, according to the GAD-7; and 13.5% of the respondents were experiencing severe depression, 21.9% moderate–severe depression, and 23% mild depression according to the PHQ-9. There was no statistically significant difference between the grades in terms of GAD-7 or PHQ-9 scores. Male participants were more likely to have suicidal thoughts (p = 0.013). According to our study, the factors with the highest influence on students were as follows: “Major changes in personal life,” “Disruption in educational activities,” and “Covid-19 related anxiety of loss of relatives and contamination or infection.” On average, women voted higher points for “Covid-19 related anxiety of loss of relatives and contamination.”Conclusions: We found that a significant portion of students regardless of their year in medical school were profoundly affected by the pandemic process as is shown by their anxiety and depression scores. The disruption in educational activities is one of the main factors of these effects, and we believe that these should not be ignored, as they could in the future lead to a series of problems for medical education and students alike.
Bile Microbiota in Liver Transplantation: Proof of Concept Using Gene Amplification in a Heterogeneous Clinical Scenario
Authors: D'Amico Francesco , Bertacco Alessandra , Finotti Michele , Di Renzo Chiara , Rodriguez-Davalos Manuel I. , Gondolesi Gabriel E. , Cillo Umberto , Mulligan David , Geibel John 
Published: March 2021

Objective: Historically, bile in the biliary tract has been considered sterile. Most of the series are based on patients with biliary tract diseases or the bile has been obtained with procedures susceptible to contamination.Methods: We evaluated the bile in a heterogeneous cohort of liver donors and recipient patients, with samples obtained in a sterile way, directly from the gallbladder and the common bile duct.Results: We assessed the bile microbiota in six liver donors and in six liver recipients after whole or split liver procedures in adult or pediatric recipients. Bile samples were studied using PCR sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplification (rDNA).Conclusions: We demonstrated that the bile is sterile, thereby ruling this out as a source of contamination following transplant.
Rare-Earth Nd Inducing Record-High Thermoelectric Performance of (GeTe)
85
(AgSbTe
2
)
15
Authors: Lyu Wan Yu , Hong Min , Liu Wei Di , Li Meng , Sun Qiang , Xu Sheng Duo , Zou Jin , Chen Zhi-Gang 
Published: March 2021

As a promising midtemperature thermoelectric material with both higher thermoelectric performance and mechanical property, Tellurium Antimony Germanium Silver (TAGS-
x
), written as (GeTe)

x

(AgSbTe
2
)

1-
x

, especially (GeTe)
0.85
(AgSbTe
2
)
0.15
(TAGS-85), has attracted wide attention. Herein, we innovatively use Nd doping to synergistically decrease the carrier concentration to the optimal level leading to enhanced dimensionless figure of merit, zT. Our density-functional theory calculation results indicate that Nd-doping reduced carrier concentration should be attributed to the enlargement of band gap. The optimized carrier concentration results in an ultrahigh power factor of ~32
μ
W cm
-1
K
-2
at 727 K in Ge
0.74
Ag
0.13
Sb
0.11
Nd
0.02
Te. Simultaneously, the lattice thermal conductivity of Ge
0.74
Ag
0.13
Sb
0.11
Nd
0.02
Te retained as low as ~0.5 at 727 K. Ultimately, a record-high zT of 1.65 at 727 K is observed in the Ge
0.74
Ag
0.13
Sb
0.11
Nd
0.02
Te. This study indicates rare-earth Nd doping is effective in boosting the thermoelectric performance of TAGS-85 and approached a record-high level via synergistic effect.
A cidadania na formação de jovens do ensino médio na dimensão do cotidiano escolar de escolas de Novo Hamburgo/Brasil
Authors: Dieder Janaina Andretta , Zucchetti Dinora Tereza , Wittizorecki Elisandro Schultz , Sanfelice Gustavo Roese 
Published: March 2021

O estudo tem como objetivo analisar os desdobramentos da cidadania no cotidiano escolar, entendendo a cidadania como prática cotidiana. Caracteriza-se como qualitativo descritivo e interpretativo. Foram selecionadas duas escolas de ensino médio, uma da rede de ensino pública e uma da rede privada de uma cidade do Vale do Sinos/RS. A imersão no campo empírico se constitui através de análise de documento (PPP), observações registradas em diários de campo e entrevistas. Quanto às características das escolas, pode-se afirmar que a escola pública possui uma cultura escolar já instituída na sociedade/comunidade local, que implica em regras de convívio social bem definidas e rígidas, necessárias - em sua perspectiva - para o que se espera quanto à inserção no mundo do trabalho. Enquanto na escola privada, a reorganização do seu espaço e funcionamento ao flexibilizar regras busca tornar o aluno mais autônomo e responsável por seus atos. Resulta da investigação de que, na escola pública, a existência das regras é muito mais no sentido de dever do que de convívio, o que acaba limitando a cidadania plena. Na privada, há diálogo, construção, questionamentos e autonomia dos alunos para se expressarem dentro da escola numa nítida busca pelo protagonismo do aluno.
THE INFORMATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THE LOCAL MEDIA AS A SOURCE OF FACTS ABOUT HOLODOMOR OF 1932-1933: EXAMPLE OF MALYN NEWSPAPER “BY THE BOLSHEVIK RATES”
Authors: Ihor Yakubovskyy  
Published: March 2021

The article aims to examine the specific reflection of the problem of Holodomor of 1932-1933 by the local media through the prism of the Malyn newspaper of “By the Bolshevik Rates”. The research methodology includes a combination of a number of historical methods: comparative, source studies, contextual analyses, structural and functional analyses. The scientific novelty. The article is a pioneer research of the above-mentioned newspaper as a source of data of the Holodomor period as well as of the informational potential of the local media as a source of facts for the Holodomor studies. It is a first attempt to analyze the specific features of the formation of the local media’s content with regard to Holodomor. Conclusions. The Malyn newspaper “By Bolshevik Rates” indicates the broad opportunities of the local media related to the following major research problems of Holodomor: the authorities’ strategies (especially of the regional level); the role of the media in the ideological, political and economic campaign on the territory of Holodomor; the processing of the forced grain extraction and confiscation of the nutrition in the villages; inhabitants’ notions about the situation and their perspective; active (including the criminal practices) and passive resistance of the different groups of the population for the activity of local officials as main providers of the power plan; prosopography of Holodomor’s implementers and victims. The information potential of media makes it possible to expand scholarly knowledge on the character and course of Holodomor and on the social, psychological, and economic processes that determined its key trends. As a result, it presents the possibilities to examine how the model of Holodomor functioned. In addition, it will stimulate the improvement of the research practices in the field.
Sobre el testimonio, la ficción y la posmemoria como promesas de redención. Tres textos en el centenario de la Semana Trágica
Authors: Niemetz Diego Eduardo 
Published: March 2021

En enero de 1919 se produjeron los violentos acontecimientos que pasarían a la historia bajo la denominación de “Semana Trágica”, considerada por algunos estudiosos como el primer pogrom antisemita de América Latina. Dichos eventos han sido objeto de análisis desde distintos puntos de vista y han suscitado, además, muchas especulaciones en torno a la memoria y al olvido de la sociedad en general y de la colectividad judía en particular.
Este trabajo propone un recorrido por una serie de textos que abordan el tema con una dinámica que entrecruza el testimonio, la memoria y la ficción, a través de una variedad de recursos complejos. No se busca analizar obras que meramente tematizan la Sema Trágica, sino aquellas que ponen en juego la memoria personal y que se mueven por sobre la estrecha (y muchas veces endeble) frontera entre el recuerdo, la identidad y la ficción. El estudio parte de Koshmar (Pesadilla) de Pinie Wald (publicado originalmente en idish en 1929). Se trata de un texto que ya es una referencia ineludible sobre el asunto y que ha sido presentado por algunos críticos como un antecedente del género de la no-ficción argentina (fue reeditado en 2019, con motivo del centenario de los hechos allí narrados), para luego estudiar otras dos obras producidas más recientemente, que recuperan esos hechos y que explotan las porosidades entre lo recordado, lo heredado y lo imaginado: El arresto (2001) de Perla Suez y María Domecq (2007) de Juan Forn.