bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A woman with visual loss, amenorrhoea and polyuria: the first reported case of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma presenting with hypopituitarism
Authors: Seymour Matthew , Robertson Thomas , Papacostas Jason , Morris Kirk , Gillespie Jennifer , Norris Debra , Duncan Emma L 
Published: May 2021

Summary
A 34-year-old woman presented 18 months post-partum with blurred vision, polyuria, amenorrhoea, headache and general malaise. Comprehensive clinical examination showed left superior temporal visual loss only. Initial investigations revealed panhypopituitarism and MRI demonstrated a sellar mass involving the infundibulum and hypothalamus. Lymphocytic hypophysitis was suspected and high dose glucocorticoids were commenced along with desmopressin and thyroxine. However, her vision rapidly deteriorated. At surgical biopsy, an irresectable grey amorphous mass involving the optic chiasm was identified. Histopathology was initially reported as granulomatous hypophysitis. Despite the ongoing treatment with glucocorticoids, her vision worsened to light detection only. Histopathological review revised the diagnosis to partially treated lymphoma. A PET scan demonstrated avid uptake in the pituitary gland in addition to splenic involvement, lymphadenopathy above and below the diaphragm, and a bone lesion. Excisional node biopsy of an impalpable infraclavicular lymph node confirmed nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. Hyper-CVAD chemotherapy was commenced, along with rituximab; fluid-balance management during chemotherapy (with its requisite large fluid volumes) was extremely complex given her diabetes insipidus. The patient is now in clinical remission. Panhypopituitarism persists; however, her vision has recovered sufficiently for reading large print and driving. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Hodgkin lymphoma presenting initially as hypopituitarism.

Learning points

Lymphoma involving the pituitary is exceedingly rare and, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma presenting as hypopituitarism.

There are myriad causes of a sellar mass and this case highlights the importance of reconsidering the diagnosis when patients fail to respond as expected to appropriate therapeutic intervention.

This case highlights the difficulties associated with managing panhypopituitary patients receiving chemotherapy, particularly when this involves large volumes of i.v. hydration fluid.
Efficacy of the ketogenic diet on ACTH‐ or corticosteroid‐resistant infantile spasm: a multicentre prospective control study
Authors: Zhang Jie , Chen Guohong , Wang Juan , Jiang Yuwu , Yang Zhixian , Xu Kaili , Peng Jing , Zhou Shuizhen , Jiang Li , Li Baomin , Zhang Dongqing , Liu Zhisheng , Huang Lijuan , Chen Chunhong , Fang Fang , Chen Yanhui , Wu Yi , Zhong Jianmin , Zha Jian , Yin Fei , Yu Lifei , Wu Ye 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjective. To determine the efficacy of ketogenic diet (KD) therapy on adrenocorticotropic hormone‐ (ACTH) or corticosteroid‐resistant infantile spasm (IS), and identify relevant associated factors.Methods. A prospective controlled study was undertaken at 10 tertiary children's medical centres in mainland China. Participants were non‐randomly assigned to KD therapy or control (adjustment of antiepileptic drugs). The primary outcome was the reduction in spasms and remission of hypsarrhythmia at the 16th week, divided into Grade I (spasm‐free for at least one week with hypsarrhythmia remission), Grade II (≥50% spasm reduction and/or hypsarrhythmia remission) and Grade III (<50% spasm reduction with hypsarrhythmia).Results. In total, 227 patients were recruited and assigned to the KD (135 patients) and control (92 patients) groups. The efficacy in the KD group was superior to that in the control group (Grade I: 13.4% vs. 10.9%; Grade II: 40.7% vs. 20.7%, p=0.025). Patients with a ketogenic ratio <3:1 had a higher rate of Grade I than those with ketogenic ratio ≥3:1 (66.7% vs. 33.3%, p=0.037). No significant correlation was found between the efficacy of KD and level of serum ketosis, aetiology of IS, or age.Significance. The efficacy of KD therapy was superior to adjustment of oral antiepileptic drugs in children with ACTH‐ or corticosteroid‐resistant infantile spasms.
Epilepsy phenotypes associated with MAP1B‐related brain malformations
Authors: Arya Ravindra , Spaeth Christine , Zhang Wenying 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRecently, studies on whole‐exome sequencing (WES) of large cohorts of people with periventricular heterotopia (PVH) have reported an association with loss‐of‐function variants in the MAP1B gene. However, neurological phenotypes of these patients remain poorly characterized. Four family members with seizures beginning in early childhood were evaluated. Integrated genomic analysis with WES and microarray was performed. Affected family members had various combinations of: febrile, fever‐triggered and afebrile seizures; photo‐sensitivity; comorbid mild developmental delays; obsessive‐compulsive behaviors; and poor attention span. Neuroimaging showed PVH, corpus callosum abnormalities, and perisylvian polymicrogyria. A novel heterozygous frameshift variant in MAP1B was found in all affected family members. This report extends the clinical and neuroimaging phenotypes associated with MAP1B pathogenic variants. MAP1B variants may be considered in patients with febrile and afebrile seizures if characteristic neuroimaging, particularly PVH, is observed.
Awake craniotomy for epilepsy surgery on eloquent speech areas: a single‐centre experience
Authors: Korkar George H. , Isnard Jean , Montavont Alexandra , Catenoix Hélène , Rheims Sylvain , Guénot Marc 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjective. In patients with intractable partial epilepsy who are eligible for epilepsy surgery, the best seizure control requires complete resection of the epileptogenic zone. When the epileptogenic zone is located very near to, or even with the eloquent cortex, this can be a challenge. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of awake craniotomy techniques to completely resect these epileptic zones while preserving the neural functions.Methods. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 17 consecutive patients with intractable partial seizures of different aetiologies (non‐lesional epilepsy [n=3], tuberous sclerosis [n=1], hypoxic ischaemic insult [n=1], dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours [DNET] [n=2], focal cortical dysplasia type 2 [FCD] [n=4], and other malformations of cortical development [n=6]), located in eloquent language cortex (frontal [n=7], insular [n=5], and latero‐temporal [n=5] regions). All patients were operated on between 2010 and 2019 for resective epilepsy surgery under awake conditions, with the aid of direct cortical stimulation. This report aimed to study the feasibility, efficacy and limitations of using the awake craniotomy technique for surgical resections of epileptogenic zones involving eloquent language cortex.Results. Postoperative epilepsy control and neurological function were assessed and followed. The mean follow‐up period was 5.7 years. In one patient, the surgery was aborted before resection. In the other patients, Engel Class I was achieved in seven patients (43.75%) and Engel Class II in four patients (25%), and worthwhile improvement (Engel Class I and II) was achieved in 11 patients (68.75%). Postoperative neurological deficits were encountered in four patients (23.5%). However, all these deficits were regressive and were absent at the last follow‐up visit.Significance. Using the awake craniotomy technique, seizure freedom can be achieved in a high proportion of patients with epileptogenic zones located in language areas, who were previously considered only candidates for palliative measures.
Epilepsy, interictal EEG abnormalities and hippocampal atrophy in patients with calcified neurocysticercosis: a population study in an endemic milieu
Authors: Del Brutto Oscar H. , Mera Robertino M. , Wu Shasha , Recalde Bettsy Y. , Issa Naoum P. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjective. Calcified neurocysticercosis has been associated with hippocampal atrophy (HA). However, the pathogenesis of this association is still elusive. This study assessed the role of epilepsy or interictal EEG abnormalities in the occurrence of HA in the Atahualpa Project cohort.Methods. Atahualpa residents aged ≥20 years, identified by means of door‐to‐door surveys, were offered an unenhanced head CT to identify neurocysticercosis cases. Individuals with cysticercotic parenchymal brain calcifications (121/1,299; 9.3%) underwent brain MRI, scalp EEG, and neurological evaluation to assess history of epilepsy. The independent association between combined exposures (epilepsy and/or EEG abnormalities) and HA (outcome) was assessed using univariate logistic regression models and a multivariate model adjusted for age, sex, level of education, alcohol intake and characteristics of calcifications.Results. A total of 112 NCC patients were enrolled (mean age: 52.2 ± 16.9 years; 67% women); the remaining nine declined consent. A single calcification was noticed in 70% of cases. Thirty‐one patients (27.7%) had HA, which was asymmetrical in 14. Calcification burden was higher among patients with HA than in their non‐atrophic counterparts (p=0.012). Eighteen patients had epilepsy, abnormal EEG recordings, or both. Nine of these 18 patients (50%) had HA as opposed to 22 of 94 patients (23%) with a normal EEG and no history of epilepsy (p=0.025). This association became borderline significant based on a multivariate logistic regression model, after adjusting for all covariates (OR: 3.26; 95% CI: 0.91‐11.68; p=0.070). In this model, having only one calcification was inversely associated with HA (OR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.11‐0.95; p=0.039).Significance. Epilepsy and EEG abnormalities play a minor contributory role in the development of HA in neurocysticercosis patients. The burden of infection, leading to recurrent bouts of inflammation around calcified cysticerci, is a more likely contributor to HA development in patients with neurocysticercosis.
Characteristics of visual sensitivity in familial cortical myoclonic tremor and epilepsy
Authors: Wang Xiaoli , Wang Bi , Wang Jinxiang , Zhang Wenjuan , Zhu Jiang , Cao Yujia , Liu Yonghong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjective. The aim of the study was to describe the electroclinical features of visual sensitivity in patients with familial cortical myoclonic tremor and epilepsy.Methods. We searched the EEG database using the terms “familial cortical myoclonic tremor and epilepsy” and “visual sensitivity” over a seven‐year period from March 2013 to April 2020 in the Xijing hospital, Xi'an, China. The inclusion criteria were demonstrable electroclinical visual sensitivity in the form of eye‐opening sensitivity, eye‐closure sensitivity, eyes‐closed sensitivity and photosensitivity. Clinical, EEG and imaging records of patients were screened, and subsequently, detailed analysis of their data was undertaken.Results. We enrolled six patients with visual sensitivity, five of whom suffered with rare generalized tonic‐clonic seizures. Neuroimaging was negative in all cases. All patients demonstrated photosensitivity; eye‐opening sensitivity associated with cortical myoclonic in one patient, eyes‐closed sensitivity associated with cortical myoclonic tremor status in three patients, and eye‐closure sensitivity in two patients. At the last follow‐up visit, cortical myoclonic tremor and epilepsy in all patients was well controlled with first‐line treatment.Significance. Visual sensitivity is therefore likely to be an important reflex trait in some patients with familial cortical myoclonic tremor and epilepsy, and should be routinely evaluated in order to better define the electroclinical features in FCMTE syndrome. [Published with video sequences].
Surgical treatment of children with drug‐resistant epilepsy involving the Rolandic area
Authors: Wang Shuang , Zhang Hongwei , Liu Chang , Liu Qingzhu , Ji Taoyun , Wang Wen , Yu Guojing , Cai Lixin , Liu Xiaoyan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjective. We retrospectively analysed the clinical features and prognostic factors of surgery in children with drug‐resistant epilepsy involving the Rolandic area, and the relationship between the stable compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) and good motor function outcomes postoperatively.Methods. A study was conducted on the clinical data of 91 patients with epilepsy who underwent epilepsy surgery involving the Rolandic area and IONM from November 2015 to February 2019.Results. In total, 91 patients were included in this study. The median age at seizure onset was 1.3 years old. The median age at surgery was 4.4 years old. Twenty‐seven patients (29.7%), with age at onset below three years old, had epileptic spasms. The central operculum was the most common surgical region in 52 patients (57.1%). The most common pathology was focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) in 67 patients. At the last follow‐up visit, 69 patients (75.8%) were seizure‐free. Interictal epileptiform discharges in the Rolandic area were associated with good seizure outcome (p=0.016). Out of 91 patients, successful IONM was performed in 88 patients (96.7%). Stable CMAP was seen in 79 of 88 patients (89.8%), and irreversible disappearance of CMAP was seen in nine patients (10.2%). New permanent motor deficit was observed in 13 of 88 patients (14.8%). There was a significant correlation between stable CMAP and good motor function outcome (p<0.001).Significance. This is the largest reported cohort of children with drug‐resistant epilepsy involving the Rolandic area who received surgery from a single centre. Epileptic spasms were only observed in young children with age at onset below three years old. The major aetiology was FCD. The rate of seizure freedom was 75.8%. Epileptiform discharges in the Rolandic area were the main prognostic factor affecting surgical outcome. Stable CMAP can predict good motor function outcome postoperatively.
Humanrecognition Using ‘Pso-Ofa’ In Low Resolution Videos
Authors: Et. al. K.Ranga Narayana, 
Published: May 2021

In present scenario, tracking of target in videos with low resolution is most important task. The problem aroused due to lack of discriminatory data that have low visual visibility of the moving objects. However, earlier detection methods often extract explanations around fascinating points of space or exclude mathematical features in moving regions, resulting in limited capabilities to detect better video functions. To overcome the above problem, in this paper a novel method which recognizes a person from low resolution videos is proposed. A Three step process is implemented in which during the first step, the video data acquired from a low-resolution video i.e. from three different datasets. The acquired video is divided into frames and converted into gray scale from RGB. Secondly, background subtraction is performed using LBP and thereafter Histogram of Optical Flow (HOF) descriptors is extracted from optical flow images for motion estimation. In the third step, the eigen features are extracted and optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO) model to eliminate redundant information and obtain optimized features from the video which is being processed. Finally to find a person from low resolution videos, the features are classified by Support Vector Machine (SVM) and parameters are evaluated. Experimental results are performed on VIRAT, Soccer and KTH datasets and demonstrated that the proposed detection approach is superior to the previous method
Estilos de crianza familiar y violencia escolar en adolescentes de Lima Norte
Authors: Milagros Gonzales Angela Milagros , Candela Ayllón Víctor Eduardo 
Published: May 2021

Con la finalidad de determinar la relación entre los estilos de crianza familiar y los niveles de violencia escolar, se lleva a cabo este estudio en adolescentes de 12 a 18 años que viven en los diversos distritos de Lima Norte, la muestra no probabilística estuvo conformada por 300 participantes de ambos sexos. El estudio de tipo aplicado y bajo el diseño no experimental de corte transversal con enfoque descriptivo – explicativo, se lleva a cabo empleando 2 instrumentos; el cuestionario de estilos de crianza familiar (ECF-29) Estrada et al. (2017) y la escala de violencia escolar de Emler y Reicher (1995) y adaptada por Estévez et al. (2005). Los resultados demostraron que existe asociación significativa (p=,000) entre los estilos de crianza familiar y los niveles de violencia escolar en los adolescentes. Evidenciando mayor violencia escolar en el grupo procedente de crianza familiar autoritaria y sobreprotectora. Por otro lado, el estilo de crianza autoritario se relaciona de forma directa con la violencia escolar, sucede lo mismo con el estilo indulgente, no así con el estilo de crianza familiar democrático.
Glosario De Instrumentos Psicológicos: Definición de 14 Instrumentos más utilizados en Psicología
Authors: Pereyra Quiñones Jose Luis , Grajeda Alex Teófilo , Cuya Paolo Víctor , Estrada Alomía Erika Roxana 
Published: May 2021

Los test, pruebas, escalas e inventarios son herramientas útiles en psicología pues con ellos se realizan mediciones precisas y cada año aumenta el vademécum de instrumentos psicométricos y proyectivos. Una web de corte internacional ha logrado contar 5247 títulos de instrumentos; vale decir, que estas herramientas se han incrementado aritméticamente. Contar con más herramientas es ventajoso, pero, los nuevos escritores psicométricos o autores de test presentan tantas singularidades e imprecisiones en la descripción de sus respectivos instrumentos, que hacen necesario contar con un glosario, diccionario más preciso que defina los catorce instrumentos más usados en psicología clínica, educativa y organizacional.
Palabras clave: instrumentos evaluación, test, escalas, inventarios, cuestionario, psicometría.
Revisión epidemiológica de los trastornos mentales en el Perú
Authors: Castellanos Sánchez Sara Marcelina Fátima , Torres Rodas Senaida , Vásquez Calderón Hilda Magali , Chang Pardo Mónica Silvia 
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo es de gran importancia, porque se da a conocer la realidad de la salud mental por la que atraviesa la ciudadanía de nuestro país. Según estudios Epidemiológicos de la Salud Mental (ESM) y los lineamientos de política sectorial de salud mental en el Perú indica que se encuentra la prevalencia anual más alta de trastorno mentales y tiene incidencia en las zonas urbanas de las ciudades sobre todo en Ayacucho, Puerto Maldonado, Iquitos, Tumbes siendo allí 20,7%; mientras que en las zonas rurales son el 10,4% en la región rural de Lima (Ministerio de Salud, 2018). Con esta información percibimos que la incidencia de los problemas mentales está centrada en las ciudades, siendo las zonas rurales las de menor porcentaje con problemas de salud metal. Con respecto al género, las mujeres son más afectadas que los varones. En cuanto a las etapas de desarrollo humano los ancianos tienen la mayor incidencia con respecto a los otros grupos etarios; siguiéndole los infantes adolescentes.
Tal estudio, tuvo como objetivo realizar el análisis epidemiológico de los trastornos mentales en el Perú, a través de una revisión sistemática de investigaciones del Ministerio de Salud (MINSA), Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental “Honorio Delgado Noguchi” (INSM “HD-HN”) y autores de diversas universidades, los cuales estamos mencionando en el presente artículo.
Cuando el acoso sexual callejero se invisibiliza: Algunos factores que favorecen su tolerancia
Authors: Mori Sánchez María del Pilar 
Published: May 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo se orienta a mostrar algunos factores que favorecen la tolerancia al acoso sexual callejero. Para el estudio se empleó un diseño mixto, explicativo secuencial cuantitativo-cualitativo, con predominancia cualitativa. Los participantes fueron 292 mujeres con edades entre 19 a 28 años; en la fase cuantitativa se utilizó la Escala de acoso sexual Callejero (EASC), en la fase cualitativa se aplicó grupos focales con 32 participantes. Los principales resultados indican que las experiencias de acoso sexual callejero vividas mayormente, son de acoso expreso, verbal y persecuciones; se encontraron cinco factores que estarían favoreciendo la tolerancia del ASC y contribuyendo a la normalización de la misma.
EL impacto psicológico de la cuarentena por covid-19 en un grupo de adultos peruanos
Authors: Angeles Donayre Mariuccia Maisy , Cangalaya Sevillano Luis Miguel 
Published: May 2021

El objetivo fue determinar el impacto psicológico de la cuarentena por COVID-19 en un grupo de adultos peruanos. Fue un estudio básico, de nivel descriptivo correlacional, de diseño no experimental y de tipo transversal. Participaron 35 sujetos de ambos sexos, de 22 a 87 años, tanto de Lima como de provincias. Para tal fin, se utilizó la Escala para el trastorno de ansiedad generalizada (GAD-7) que consta de 7 ítems de 0 a 3 (tipo Likert), que incluye dos aspectos: síntomas y discapacidad asociada al trastorno. Los resultados señalaron que existe una sensación de ansiedad entre los sujetos encuestados debido a la cuarentena (45.7%) y con respecto al hecho de quedarse en casa por cuarentena, este aparece como un factor protector contra la ansiedad experimentada por los participantes (OR = 0.084, IC 95% = 0.008 - 0.839).
Palabras clave: COVID-19, ansiedad, impacto psicológico, cuarentena.
Una visión jurídica de la Violencia y perspectiva de cambio, desde la teoría del apego
Authors: Ludeña González Gerardo Francisco , Guzman Cobeñas María Del Pilar 
Published: May 2021

La teoría del apego constituye uno de los fenómenos psicológicos que a partir de los lazos afectivos y la forma como se muestre generará evidentemente un condicionamiento y relación parental desde la infancia que repercute en la convivencia social. De ahí que, en múltiples ocasiones, si la relación no ha sido positiva, se generan tipos de relaciones disvariantes. Bowlby fue el precursor de esta teoría del apego, potencialmente tan influyente con las emociones.
Para el mundo jurídico la violencia es sancionada con penas que cada vez son más severas y draconianas, sin embargo, muchas de estas actividades delictivas acompañadas de violencia son generadas por menores, ahí la necesidad de políticas de protección para niños ya dolescentes respecto de los orígenes de la violencia pues la familia como cédula básica de la sociedad tiene fuerzas internas y externas que influye en la formación del estado al que representa. Históricamente la familia mantiene y precede al estado de Derecho.
Un estado democrático tiene como deber y obligación preservar ese orden interno, promoviendo valores universales, sobre creencias, religiones y filosofías. Nos preguntamos ¿Es la familia una institución efectiva para la lucha contra la corrupción? Así la familia cumple un rol transcendental por ser la primera escuela de valores y moral que formará parte de la ética y del actuar del individuo en un futuro. Por ello rescatamos la importancia de la familia para la persona humana como sujeto de Derecho y el efecto que este tendrá al formar parte de una sociedad justa, alejada de la corrupción, como sucede en países en la cual ha disminuido la tasa delictiva.