bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the Entrepreneurial Commercialization of Academic Science: Evidence from “Twin” Discoveries
Authors: Marx Matt , Hsu David H. 
Published: March 2021

Which factors shape the commercialization of academic scientific discoveries via startup formation? Prior literature has identified several contributing factors but does not address the fundamental problem that the commercial potential of a nascent discovery is generally unobserved, which potentially confounds inference. We construct a sample of approximately 20,000 “twin” scientific articles, which allows us to hold constant differences in the nature of the advance and more precisely examine characteristics that predict startup commercialization. In this framework, several commonly accepted factors appear not to influence commercialization. However, we find that teams of academic scientists whose former collaborators include “star” serial entrepreneurs are much more likely to commercialize their own discoveries via startups, as are more interdisciplinary teams of scientists. This paper was accepted by Sridhar Tayur, entrepreneurship and innovation.
Dual-wavelength wide area illumination Raman difference spectroscopy for remote detection of chemicals
Authors: Ye Jianfeng , Tian Ziyang , Hu Yuxin , Wei Haoyun , Li Yan , Zhao Yi , Zou Mingqiang 
Published: March 2021

Remote Raman instruments have become powerful analytical tools in some special environments. However, ambient daylight is the main limitation in the data acquisition process. To suppress daylight background interference and obtain a high signal-to-background ratio (SBR), we develop a dual-wavelength wide area illumination Raman difference spectroscopy (WAIRDS) system for daytime remote detection. In the WAIRDS system, a wide area illumination scheme and shifted-excitation Raman difference spectroscopy method are used to improve the reliability of collected Raman spectra. Measurements of polystyrene indicate that the WAIRDS system can be operated to obtain background-free Raman spectra under different levels of daylight background interference. The remote results show that the improvement in SBR is about three- to fivefold, and the system can work at distances of up to 9.2 m on a sunny afternoon. Moreover, to be close to the actual detection, the system is used for mineral and explosive raw material detection during daytime measurement. Measurements show that the WAIRDS system will be a useful tool for many remote applications in the future.
Sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride for Tm:YAIO3 laser operation at 2.3  µm
Authors: Dong Li , Chu Hongwei , Xu Shiping , Zhao Shengzhi , Li Dechun 
Published: March 2021

We report on the first, to the best of our knowledge, passive

Q

-switching operation at 2.3 µm passively based on

T
m

:

Y
A
I
O

3

(Tm:YAP)

3

H

4

→

3

H

5

transition with sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride (

g

-

g

C

3

N

4

) as the saturable absorber. Sulfur-doping engineering in

g

-

C

3

N

4

was manifested to enhance its mid-infrared nonlinear saturable absorption characteristics, which was confirmed by the conventional open-aperture

Z

-scan experiment with the excitation at 2.3 µm. The large effective nonlinear absorption coefficient of

S

-

g
C

3

N

4

was determined to be

−

0.68

c
m

/

G
W

, indicating the remarkable MIR optical response. Initiated by

S

-

g
C

3

N

4

, a passively

Q

-switched laser operating at 2274.6 nm was configured with

a

-cut 3.0 at.% Tm:YAP as the gain medium. Stable

Q

-switching pulses were generated with the shortest pulse width of 140 ns, corresponding to the maximum peak power of 21.8 W. The experimental results reveal the effectiveness of sulfur doping to improve the performance of

g

-

C

3

N

4

in the MIR pulse generation.
Misdiagnosis of scrub typhus as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and potential co-infection of both diseases in patients in Shandong Province, China, 2013–2014
Authors: Gu Xiao-lan , Qi Rui , Li Wen-qian , Jiao Yong-jun , Yu Hao , Yu Xue-jie 
Published: March 2021

Background
Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, an obligate intracellular gram-negative bacterium, along with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), caused by hantaviruses, are natural-focus infectious diseases prevalent in Shandong Province, China. Both diseases have similar clinical manifestations in certain disease stages and similar epidemic seasons, which has caused difficulties for physicians in distinguishing them. The aim of this study was to investigate whether misdiagnosis of scrub typhus as HFRS occurred in patients in Shandong Province.

Methods
Serum samples (N = 112) of clinically suspected HFRS patients from 2013 to 2014 in Shandong Province were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibodies to both hantavirus and Orientia tsutsugamushi.

Results
ELISA showed that 56.3% (63/112) and 8.0% (9/112) of clinically suspected HFRS patients were IgM antibody positive to hantavirus and O. tsutsugamushi, respectively. Among the hantavirus IgM antibody positive patients, 7.9% (5/63) were also IgM antibody positive to O. tsutsugamushi. Among the hantavirus IgM antibody negative sera, 8.2% (4/49) of sera were positive to O. tsutsugamushi.

Conclusions
We concluded that some scrub typhus patients were misdiagnosed as HFRS and co-infection of scrub typhus and HFRS might exist in China. Due to the different treatments for scrub typhus and HFRS, physicians should carefully differentiate between scrub typhus and HFRS and consider administering anti-rickettsia antibiotics if treatment for HFRS alone does not work.
POTENCIAL FARMACOLÓGICO DOS PRODUTOS NATURAIS PARA O TRATAMENTO DO CÂNCER
Authors: Giraldez Alvarez Lisandro Diegio , De Carvalho Lacerda Yngred Éwenny , Ferraz Sousa Arielly Kerolly , Santos de Brito Beatriz , Gonçalves Santos Mateus , Ferreira Rabelo de Melo Nadja 
Published: March 2021

Tratamentos atuais como a rádio e a quimioterapia podem causar prejuízos às células saudáveis e, consequentemente, acarretar efeitos prejudiciais ao organismo. Neste sentido, buscou-se revisar os efeitos de diversos produtos naturais contra células cancerígenas, visando amenizar a proliferação desordenada e avaliar o potencial farmacológico para a capacidade de produção de fármacos derivados desses produtos. Embora se saiba que existem vários tratamentos para o câncer, o uso de produtos naturais possibilita o retardo do desenvolvimento carcinogênico. Além disso, seu uso combinado a medicamentos já desenvolvidos também aponta para uma alternativa promissora e complementar no tratamento de diferentes tipos de câncer. Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar algumas das últimas pesquisas publicadas entre os anos de 2016 e 2019 que avaliam efeitos de diferentes compostos naturais no tratamento do câncer. Os resultados mostraram que os produtos naturais possuem um grande potencial farmacológico para serem utilizados na produção de fármacos anticancerígenos, auxiliando diretamente na redução das atividades tumorais, com efeito proapoptótico, aumento de caspase-8, caspase-3 e Fas, aumento da expressão das proteínas Bax ou p21 e inibição da expressão de NF-kB e topoisomerase II, por exemplo.
A ATUAÇÃO DO FARMACÊUTICO CLÍNICO COMO INTERVENTOR NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS RELACIONADOS A MEDICAMENTOS EM HOSPITAIS: UMA REVISÃO DE SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Souza Hugo dos Santos , Gonzaga Tainá Souza , Barros Vanessa Kele Pureza , Sant'Anna Carla de Castro , De Almeida Marcella Kelly Costa 
Published: March 2021

Os problemas relacionados aos medicamentos (PRM) constituem um sério problema que interfere na eficiência dos resultados terapêuticos, apresentando, na maioria dos casos, efeitos indesejados. Eles são responsáveis por aumento no tempo de internação, morbidade, mortalidade e aumento de custos em hospitais. Desse modo, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar a atuação do Farmacêutico Clínico na identificação de PRM em hospitais, identificando os problemas que são mais comuns e verificando quais as intervenções farmacêuticas mais realizadas em relação a estes. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática, utilizando artigos da literatura nacional e internacional. Os artigos usados neste trabalho foram publicados no período de 2015 a 2020, indexados nos bancos de dados MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS e PUBMED. Tal revisão foi realizada seguindo as diretrizes do PRISMA. A estratégia de busca identificou 234 artigos, deixando 15 estudos para leitura em texto completo e incluídos nesta revisão. O farmacêutico atua em parceria com a equipe multiprofissional presente no ambiente hospitalar, especialmente, por ser o profissional mais indicado para solucionar problemas relacionados a medicamentos, por meio da verificação do tratamento medicamentoso, avaliação das prescrições e orientação farmacoterapêutica.
PLANTAS MEDICINAIS E FITOTERÁPICOS NA PROMOÇÃO À SAÚDE NO TRANSTORNO DE ANSIEDADE: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA DE APOIO AOS PROFISSIONAIS
Authors: Zeni Francielle , De Liz Michele Pereira , Duarte Dorivaldo , Zeni Ana L.B. 
Published: March 2021

O transtorno de ansiedade generalizado (TAG) é uma doença de alta prevalência devido ao estresse e à exigência contemporânea. Com isso, há grande uso de ansiolíticos com efeitos adversos. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos que constam nos documentos do Ministério da Saúde e podem ser indicadas por profissionais no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) para o tratamento complementar do TAG. Esta revisão bibliográfica foi elaborada principalmente pelos documentos do Ministério da Saúde (MS), o Memento Fitoterápico da Farmacopeia Brasileira (MFFB), o Formulário de Fitoterápicos – Farmacopeia Brasileira e a Relação Nacional de Plantas Medicinais de Interesse ao Sistema Único de Saúde (RENISUS). Além disso, foram realizadas pesquisas em livros e artigos científicos para complementar informação. Foi constatado que o MS incentiva o uso no SUS de seis plantas para o tratamento da TAG, Hypericum perforatum L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Melissa officinalis L, Passiflora incarnata L., Piper methysticum G. Forst. e Valeriana officinalis L. Nesse contexto, foram destacadas sobre estas plantas, as indicações, a composição química, as evidências clínicas, os efeitos adversos, as contraindicações e as interações medicamentosas. Apesar dos benefícios da ampliação de opções no tratamento da TAG, existem os efeitos adversos e as interações medicamentosas. Desta forma, recomenda-se a indicação/prescrição, orientação e acompanhamento dos pacientes na utilização desta terapia integrativa e complementar por profissionais capacitados.
IMPLANTAÇÃO DO PROGRAMA STEWARDSHIP DE ANTIMICROBIANOS EM HOSPITAL DE ENSINO: UM PROJETO PILOTO
Authors: Castro Keine Monteiro , Campos e Reis Henry Pablo Lopes , Silva Renan Morais e , De Oliveira Alene Barros , Neto José Martins de Alcântara , De Luna Angela Maria Pita Tavares , Fonteles Marta Maria de França , Ponciano Angela Maria de Souza , Linhares Maria Gabrielle Oliveira e Silva , De Lima Lia Pinheiro , Rodrigues Jorge Luiz Nobre 
Published: March 2021

O crescente aumento mundial da resistência bacteriana aos antimicrobianos (ATM) conduz ao monitoramento do uso racional desses medicamentos. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo descrever a implantação do Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) de gestão clínica de ATM em hospital de ensino do Nordeste brasileiro, as ações iniciais e os resultados do projeto piloto. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo dividido em três fases. Primeira: escolha das estratégias do programa e dos ATM e elaboração de formulário próprio. Segunda: treinamento de farmacêuticos e identificação de potencialidades de aplicação das estratégias. Terceira: Estudo piloto; definição da equipe, do fluxo da monitorização e institucionalização. As estratégias escolhidas foram: gestão do tempo de tratamento; descalonamento; terapia sequencial oral e educação permanente. O treinamento focou no manejo farmacêutico da terapia antimicrobiana e na aplicação das estratégias elencadas. O estudo piloto recomendou 22 estratégias para otimização da farmacoterapia. A implantação do ASP ocorreu de forma institucionalizada pela direção do hospital, com diretrizes pactuadas entre serviço de farmácia, comissão de controle de infecção e um centro de estudos farmacêuticos. O projeto piloto apontou uma aceitação de cerca de 68% das recomendações das estratégias para otimização da terapia antimicrobiana. Após análise do projeto piloto, pode-se concluir com a implantação do ASP a grande e urgente importância do gerenciamento dos ATM para o uso otimizado dessa terapia em tempos de pan-resistência.
Integrative bioinformatics analysis of KPNA2 in six major human cancers
Authors: Xu Chaobo , Liu Ming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Malignant tumors were considered as the leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally. More and more studies found that dysregulated genes played an important role in carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to explore the significance of KPNA2 in human six major cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and bladder cancer based on bioinformatics analysis.

Methods
The data were collected and comprehensively analyzed based on multiple databases. KPNA2 mRNA expression in six major cancers was investigated in Oncomine, the human protein atlas, and GEPIA databases. The mutation status of KPNA2 in the six major cancers was evaluated by online data analysis tool Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) and cBioPortal. Co-expressed genes with KPNA2 were identified by using LinkedOmics and made pairwise correlation by Cancer Regulome tools. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network relevant to KPNA2 was constructed by STRING database and KEGG pathway of the included proteins of the PPI network was explored and demonstrated by circus plot. Survival analysis-relevant KPNA2 of the six cancers was performed by GEPIA online data analysis tool based on TCGA database.

Results
Compared with paired normal tissue, KPNA2 mRNA was upregulated in all of the six types of cancers. KPNA2 mutations, especially missense substitution, were widely identified in six cancers and interact with different genes in different cancer types. Genes involved in PPI network were mainly enriched in p53 signaling pathway, cell cycle, viral carcinogenesis, and Foxo signaling pathway. KPNA2 protein was mainly expressed in nucleoplasm and cytosol in cancer cells. Immunohistochemistry assay indicated that KPNA2 protein was also positively expressed in nucleoplasm with brownish yellow staining. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were different between KPNA2 high and low expression groups.

Conclusions
KPNA2 was widely dysregulated and mutated in carcinomas and correlated with the patients prognosis which may be potential target for cancer treatment and biomarker for prognosis.
Revitalization the Internal Quality Assurance Through Leadership, Commitment, and Organization Culture
Authors: Amtu Onisimus , Fakhruddin Fakhruddin , Haryono Haryono , Muhsin Muhsin 
Published: March 2021

This research aims to determine whether there is a direct and indirect influence on exogenous variables, namely leadership and organizational commitment to endogenous variables, namely the application of internal quality assurance systems in state universities with organizational culture as an intervening variable. This research used quantitative approach and the analysis tools is path analysis. Population of this study included 340 lecturers at three state universities in Ambon and the sample size was 221 respondents.Â The results of the study prove that organizational culture plays an important role in mediating and contributing to leadership and organizational commitment to the implementation of the internal quality assurance system in higher education. Leadership and organizational commitment require an organizational culture to build communication and motivation through expectations and academic values that develop in a healthy, creative, innovative and dynamic manner because it can encourage collaboration and synergy of all elements of higher education to achieve the set quality standards.
The Impact of GRDP and RWP on Regional Minimum Wage
Authors: Siregar Robert Tua , Silitonga Hery Pandapotan , Lubis Khairunnisah , Sudirman Acai 
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of the percentage in development of Pematangsiantar city’s regional minimum wages, and the problem in this study how GRDP and RWP affect on the percentage of development of Regionl Minimum Wage at Pematangsiantar City. The method used was quantitative descriptive analysis. Data analysis used were Classic Assumption Test, Multiple Linear Regression, Correlation Coefficient, Determination, F-test and t-test object on RMW at Pematangsiantar city. Finding of research and results of the study can be summarized as follows: 1). The results of the multiple linear regression analysis test are that the GRDP and RWP had a positive effect on the RMW of Pematangsiantar City, 2). The results of the correlation coefficient indicate that the GRDP and RWP of Pematangsiantar City on its RMW were at a very strong level, while the coefficient of determination of 67.5% at high or low of the minimum wages can be explained by the GRDP and RWP, while the remaining of 32.5% was influenced by other factors which were not included in this study, 3). Hypothesis Test for F-test indicates that the GRDP and RWP influences significantly on Pematang city’s RMW, and for the t- test indicates that the GRDP and RWP had a positive and significant effect on the RMW in Pematangsiantar City from 2005 to 2018. This means that as the GRDP increases, the value of setting Pematangsiantar City's minimum wage in the following year will also increase, and vice versa. The increase of laborers/workers demands will affect the standard of regioanalwages that will be determined, this happens because wages will always adjust to the labor market demand. The stipulation of the minimum wage, it has an impact on GRDP in Pematangsiantar City, because the consumptive rate will be carried out in the place where it gets paid.
Multirezisztens kórokozók szűrése szürkehályog-műtét előtt
Authors: Sohajda Zoltán , Mályi Katalin 
Published: March 2021

Összefoglaló.
Bevezetés: A multirezisztens kórokozók által okozott fertőzések
komoly gondot okoznak. Szemészeti szempontból az ebbe a körbe tartozó
meticillinrezisztens Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) baktérium bír
kiemelkedő jelentőséggel. Célkitűzés: Multirezisztens kórokozók
irányában cataractaműtét előtt álló betegektől mintavétel és adatelemzés.
Módszer: 257, cataractaműtét előtt álló beteg esetében
végeztünk multirezisztens kórokozók szűrésére vizsgálatot a conjunctivazsákból.
A mikrobiológiai tenyésztés során multirezisztens kórokozóra pozitív eredményt
adó betegek esetében a preoperatív kórtörténetet és az általános kísérő
betegségeket feltártuk és elemeztük. Eredmények: A minták 17
beteg esetében multirezisztens kórokozóra pozitívak voltak. 11 esetben
szisztémás rizikófaktorokat is találtunk. A pozitív betegeknél a műtétet csak a
felszabadító mikrobiológiai eredmények birtokában végeztük el. A dekolonizált
betegeknél ezt követően a szakmai protokoll normális antibiotikumprevencióját
alkalmaztuk. A 257 beteg 6,6%-ában találtunk multirezisztenskórokozó- és 5%-ában
MRSA-pozitivitást. Posztoperatív endophthalmitis nem fordult elő.
Következtetés: A cataractaműtéteknél alkalmazott
antibiotikus endophthalmitisprevenció multirezisztens kórokozóra pozitív
betegeknél kevéssé hatékony lehet. Ezért javasolt a veszélyeztetett betegek
multirezisztens kórokozókra történő szűrése és dekolonizációja. Orv Hetil. 2021;
162(3): 106–111.
Summary.
Introduction: Infections caused by multiresistant pathogens may
have serious consequences. In ophthalmological practice, methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the most important
multiresistant pathogen. Objective: We took samples for
multiresistant pathogens from patients assigned for cataract surgery.
Method: We carried out multiresistant pathogen screening
from conjunctival sac in 257 patients, who were assigned for cataract surgery.
Preoperative case history and concomitant systemic diseases were evaluated in
patients, who turned out to be positive for multiresistant pathogens during the
screening procedure. Results: The samples were positive for
multiresistant pathogens in 17 patients. In the case history of 11
multiresistant pathogen positive patients, previous systemic risk factors could
be explored. Multiresistant pathogen positive patients were operated only after
the decolonisation. After the decolonisation, the normal antibiotic prevention
was used before the surgery. Multiresistant pathogen positive was 6.6%, MRSA
positive was 5% of the 257 patients. There were no cases of endophthalmitis in
any of these patients. Conclusion: Endophthalmitis prevention
with antibiotics, according to the guidelines, may not be efficient in
multiresistant pathogen positive patients. Therefore, it is advisable to screen
multiresistant pathogens and decolonisation at risk patients before cataract
surgery. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(3): 106–111.
Inzulinrezisztencia és következményei gyermek- és serdülőkorban
Authors: Tobisch Borbála , Blatniczky László , Schusterova Ingrid , Kovács Levente , Barkai László 
Published: March 2021

Összefoglaló. Számos adat igazolja, hogy az inzulinrezisztencia
gyakori jelenség gyermek- és serdülőkorban, és szoros kapcsolatban áll a
cardiovascularis kockázat növekedésével, ami miatt a kérdéskörre az életnek
ebben a korai szakaszában is kiemelt figyelmet kell fordítani. Ma már egyre több
ismerettel rendelkezünk a kockázati tényezőket illetően, nincs azonban egységes
álláspont az inzulinrezisztencia meghatározására vonatkozóan a klinikai
gyakorlatban, és nem rendelkezünk megfelelő laboratóriumi markerekkel, melyek
segítségével a veszélyeztetetteket széles körben eredményesen lehetne
azonosítani. Mindezek alapján a laboratóriumi módszerrel történő szűrés ebben az
életkorban nem indokolt, azonban a társuló és következményes kórállapotok
klinikai alapon történő felismerésére törekedni kell. A cardiovascularis
kockázat megelőzésére irányuló életmódbeli prevenció hatásos az
inzulinrezisztencia csökkentésében, a gyakorlatban azonban kivitelezése és
eredményessége korlátozott. A gyógyszeres intervenció jelenleg ebben az
életkorban csak egyes szelektált esetekben kerülhet alkalmazásra. További
klinikai kutatásokra van szükség az inzulinrezisztencia mérése, az életmódbeli
és gyógyszeres intervenciós lehetőségek területén annak érdekében, hogy sikeres
stratégiák legyenek kialakíthatók a cardiovascularis halálozás megelőzése,
csökkentése érdekében. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(11): 403–412.
Summary. Numerous data confirm that insulin resistance is a common
phenomenon in children, and closely links to an increase in cardiovascular risk,
therefore it is urgent to pay attention to this from early childhood. Today, we
have more and more knowledge about risk factors, but there is no common position
on the definition of insulin resistance in clinical practice and we do not have
adequate laboratory markers to identify those at risk effectively. Based on all
these factors, laboratory screening is not justified at this age, however,
efforts should be made to recognize associated and consequent conditions on a
clinical basis. Lifestyle prevention to prevent cardiovascular risk is effective
in reducing insulin resistance, but in practice its implementation and
effectiveness are limited. At present, pharmacological intervention can only be
used in certain selected cases with this age group. Further clinical research is
needed to measure insulin resistance, lifestyle and drug intervention options in
order to develop successful strategies to prevent and reduce cardiovascular
death. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(11): 403–412.