bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacteriome Identified by Next-Generation Sequencing in Saliva, Dental Plaque, and Tumor Tissue of Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Erira Alveiro , García Robayo Dabeiba Adriana , Chalá Andrés Ignacio , Moreno Torres Andrei , Muñoz Lopez Eliana Elisa , Cid Arregui Angel , Tobar Tosse Fabian , Gamboa Jaimes Fredy Omar 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world, and the bacterial microbiome has been considered a risk factor that could play an important role in carcinogenesis.

Objective:
A bacteriome study was performed by next-generation sequencing in dental plaque, saliva, and tumor samples of 10 OSCC patients and compared with bacteriome in dental plaque and saliva of 10 patients without OSCC.

Methods:
DNA was extracted from all samples and sequenced by Illumina technology MiSeq™. Bioinformatic analyzes were performed for evaluated sequence quality, alpha and beta diversity, bidirectional analysis of variance (p <0.05), and principal component analysis. After establishing bacterial profiles associated with each sample and population, intragroup and intergroup comparisons were carried out. For bacteria identification compatible with eubiosis and dysbiosis processes, a screening was performed based on the frequency of appearance in all patient samples with and without OSCC. Lastly, frequency, average, standard deviation, Chi-square, and Mann Whitney test were calculated.

Results:
Out of the identified 1,231 bacteria in the populations under study, 45 bacterial species were selected, of which 34 were compatible with eubiosis, and 11 were compatible with dysbiosis. Among the bacteria compatible with eubiosis were species of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus, Chromobacterium violaceum, Enterobacter asburiae, Mycobacterium chubuense, Mycoplasma penetrans, and Brachyspira intermedia. Among the species associated with dysbiosis,  Providencia stuartii, Capnocytophaga canimorsus, Legionella pneumophila, and Mycoplasma hominis were notable.

Conclusion:
Thirty-four bacterial species may be associated with eubiosis or healthy states and 11 bacterial species could be associated with dysbiosis or pathogenic state, OSCC.
The Relationship Between Daily Hassles and Social Support on Depressive Symptoms among Mothers of Young Kids
Authors: Yakub Nur Asyikin , Kadir Nor Ba'yah Abdul , Hoesni Suzana Mohd 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:
The aim of this paper is to determine the relationship between the common factors of mothers’ depressive symptoms based on the existing literature, including the current happenings within Malaysians.

Methods:
This study involved mothers from four community housing projects around Kuala Lumpur (n = 146), and with consent, they were asked to complete a questionnaire, which included the following three instruments: Parenting Daily Hassles Scales, Social Support Scales, and Beck Depressive symptoms Inventory to measure all stated variables in this study.

Results and Discussion:
The results of the study showed the significant relationship between the daily hassles (DH) and social support (SS) towards the depressive symptoms among the mothers, DH, r = .272, p = .001 and SS, r = -.230, p = .006. Further analysis was consummated to determine the factors that could influence the depressive symptoms among mothers and the contribution of variance towards that. From the analysis, DH and SS contributed 13.9% of the variance (Adjusted R2 = .139) and were found to influence the depressive symptoms among the mothers.

Conclusion:
The ANOVA test analysis supported the earlier study that the daily hassles and social support statistics significantly predict the depressive symptoms among mothers. In conclusion, this study should be broadedned to a bigger community, and future efforts as an early intervention on health promotion are essential to strengthen social support by reducing stressors effect that contributes to mental health problems in mothers of young kids.
Optimal portfolio and consumption for a Markovian regime-switching jump-diffusion process
Authors: Zhang Caibin , Liang Zhibin , Yuen Kam Chuen 
Published: November 2021

We consider the optimal portfolio and consumption problem for a jump-diffusion process with regime switching. Under the criterion of maximizing the expected discounted total utility of consumption, two methods, namely, the dynamic programming principle and the stochastic maximum principle, are used to obtain the optimal result for the general objective function, which is the solution to a system of partial differential equations. Furthermore, we investigate the power utility as a specific example and analyse the existence and uniqueness of the optimal solution. Under the constraints of no-short-selling and nonnegative consumption, closed-form expressions for the optimal strategy and the value function are derived. Besides, some comparisons between the optimal results for the jump-diffusion model and the pure diffusion model are carried out. Finally, we discuss our optimal results in some special cases.

doi:10.1017/S1446181121000122
A note on the axisymmetric diffusion equation
Authors: Patkowski Alexander 
Published: November 2021

We consider the explicit solution to the axisymmetric diffusion equation. We recast the solution in the form of a Mellin inversion formula, and outline a method to compute a formula for \(u(r,t)\) as a series using the Cauchy residue theorem. As a consequence, we are able to represent the solution to the axisymmetric diffusion equation as a rapidly converging series.

doi:10.1017/S1446181121000110
A Two-Minute Walking Test With a Smartphone App for Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: Validation Study
Authors: van Oirschot Pim , Heerings Marco , Wendrich Karine , den Teuling Bram , Dorssers Frank , van Ee René , Martens Marijn Bart , Jongen Peter Joseph 
Published: November 2021

Background
Walking disturbances are a common dysfunction in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). The 2-Minute Walking Test (2MWT) is widely used to quantify walking speed. We implemented a smartphone-based 2MWT (s2MWT) in MS sherpa, an app for persons with MS. When performing the s2MWT, users of the app are instructed to walk as fast as safely possible for 2 minutes in the open air, while the app records their movement and calculates the distance walked.

Objective
The aim of this study is to investigate the concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of the MS sherpa s2MWT.

Methods
We performed a validation study on 25 persons with relapsing-remitting MS and 79 healthy control (HC) participants. In the HC group, 21 participants were matched to the persons with MS based on age, gender, and education and these followed the same assessment schedule as the persons with MS (the HC-matched group), whereas 58 participants had a less intense assessment schedule to determine reference values (the HC-normative group). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were determined between the distance measured by the s2MWT and the distance measured using distance markers on the pavement during these s2MWT assessments. ICCs were also determined for test-retest reliability and derived from 10 smartphone tests per study participant, with 3 days in between each test. We interviewed 7 study participants with MS regarding their experiences with the s2MWT.

Results
In total, 755 s2MWTs were completed. The adherence rate for the persons with MS and the participants in the HC-matched group was 92.4% (425/460). The calculated distance walked on the s2MWT was, on average, 8.43 m or 5% (SD 18.9 m or 11%) higher than the distance measured using distance markers (n=43). An ICC of 0.817 was found for the concurrent validity of the s2MWT in the combined analysis of persons with MS and HC participants. Average ICCs of 9 test-retest reliability analyses of the s2MWT for persons with MS and the participants in the HC-matched group were 0.648 (SD 0.150) and 0.600 (SD 0.090), respectively, whereas the average ICC of 2 test-retest reliability analyses of the s2MWT for the participants in the HC-normative group was 0.700 (SD 0.029). The interviewed study participants found the s2MWT easy to perform, but they also expressed that the test results can be confronting and that a pressure to reach a certain distance can be experienced.

Conclusions
The high correlation between s2MWT distance and the conventional 2MWT distance indicates a good concurrent validity. Similarly, high correlations underpin a good test-retest reliability of the s2MWT. We conclude that the s2MWT can be used to measure the distance that the persons with MS walk in 2 minutes outdoors near their home, from which both clinical studies and clinical practice can benefit.
Game Plan—a Brief Web-Based Intervention to Improve Uptake and Use of HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Reduce Alcohol Use Among Gay and Bisexual Men: Content Analysis
Authors: Wray Tyler B , Chan Philip A , Guigayoma John P , Kahler Christopher W 
Published: November 2021

Background
HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has considerable potential for reducing incidence among high-risk groups, such as gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM). However, PrEP’s effectiveness is closely linked with consistent use, and a variety of individual-level barriers, including alcohol use, could impede optimal uptake and use. Web-based interventions can encourage medication adherence, HIV prevention behaviors, and responsible drinking and may help support PrEP care, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Objective
We previously developed a web application called Game Plan that was designed to encourage heavy drinking GBM to use HIV prevention methods and reduce their alcohol use and was inspired by brief motivational interventions. This paper aims to describe the web-based content we designed for integration into Game Plan to help encourage PrEP uptake and consistent use among GBM. In this paper, we also aim to describe this content and its rationale.

Methods
Similar to the original site, these components were developed iteratively, guided by a thorough user-centered design process involving consultation with subject-matter experts, usability interviews and surveys, and user experience surveys.

Results
In addition to Game Plan’s pre-existing content, the additional PrEP components provide specific, personal, and digestible feedback to users about their level of risk for HIV without PrEP and illustrate how much consistent PrEP use could reduce it; personal feedback about their risk for common sexually transmitted infections to address low-risk perceptions; content challenging common beliefs and misconceptions about PrEP to reduce stigma; content confronting familiar PrEP and alcohol beliefs; and a change planning module that allows users to select specific goals for starting and strategies for consistent PrEP use. Users can opt into a weekly 2-way SMS text messaging program that provides similar feedback over a 12-week period after using Game Plan and follows up on the goals they set.

Conclusions
Research preliminarily testing the efficacy of these components in improving PrEP outcomes, including uptake, adherence, sexually transmitted infection rates, and alcohol use, is currently ongoing. If supported, these components could provide a scalable tool that can be used in resource-limited settings in which face-to-face intervention is difficult.
Technology-Aided Spatial Cues, Instructions, and Preferred Stimulation for Supporting People With Intellectual and Visual Disabilities in Their Occupational Engagement and Mobility: Usability Study
Authors: Lancioni Giulio E , Singh Nirbhay N , O'Reilly Mark F , Sigafoos Jeff , Alberti Gloria , Chiariello Valeria , Campodonico Francesca , Desideri Lorenzo 
Published: November 2021

Background
Persons with severe or profound intellectual disability and visual impairment tend to be passive and sedentary, and technology-aided intervention may be required to improve their condition without excessive demands on staff time.

Objective
This study aims to extend the assessment of technology-aided interventions for supporting functional occupational engagement and mobility in 7 people with intellectual disability and visual impairment and to use a technology system that is simpler and less expensive than those previously used.

Methods
The technology system involved a Samsung Galaxy A10, 4 Philips Hue indoor motion sensors, and 4 mini speakers. Within each session, the participants were to collect 18 objects (ie, one at a time) from 3 different areas (stations) located within a large room, bring each of the objects to a central desk, and put away each of those objects there. For each object, the participants received verbal (spatial) cues for guiding them to the area where the object was to be collected, a verbal instruction (ie, request) to take an object, verbal (spatial) cues for guiding them to the central desk, a verbal instruction to put away the object collected, and praise and preferred stimulation.

Results
During baseline, the frequency of responses completed correctly (objects collected and put away independently) was 0 or near 0. During the intervention phase (ie, with the support of the technology setup), the frequency increased for all participants, reaching a mean of almost 18 (out of 18 response opportunities) for 6 participants and about 13 for the remaining participant. The mean session duration ranged from 12 to 30 minutes.

Conclusions
A program, such as the one used in this study, can be useful in promoting occupational engagement and mobility in persons with intellectual disability and visual impairment.
DEFOLIASI DAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK UREA DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL JAGUNG (ZEA MAYS L.) VARIETAS PIONEER 27
Authors: Aryadi Devy Putri , Nurmauli Niar , Hamim Herawati 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui defoliasi yang terbaik dalam meningkatkan hasil tanaman jagung varietas pioneer 27, (2) mengetahui dosis pupuk urea yang optimum dalam meningkatkan hasil tanaman jagung varietas pioneer 27, dan (3) mengetahui kombinasi yang terbaik dari defoliasi dan dosis pemupukan dalam meningkatkan hasil tanaman jagung varietas pioneer 27. Penelitian dilakukan di kebun percobaan Politeknik Negeri Lampung dari bulan November 2011 sampai Februari 2012. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial (2 x 4) dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 (tiga) ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah defoliasi yang terdiri dari 2 (dua) taraf yaitu disisakan dua daun di bawah tongkol (d1) dan empat daun di bawah tongkol (d2). Faktor kedua adalah pemberian dosis urea yang terdiri dari 4 (empat) taraf, yaitu 100 kg ha-1 (u1), 200 kg ha-1 (u2), 300 kg ha-1 (u3), dan 400 kg ha-1 (u4). Homogenitas ragam antar perlakuan diuji dengan uji Barlett dan kemenambahan data diuji dengan uji Tuckey. Bila asumsi terpenuhi, maka data dianalisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Ortogonal dan Ortogonal Polinomial pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan defoliasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap semua variabel pengamatan pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung, kecuali pada variabel pengamatan bobot kering brangkasan, Pemberian pupuk urea tidak berpengaruh terhadap semua variabel pengamatan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung, sehingga dengan pemberian dosis urea sebesar 100 kg urea/ha telah cukup untuk mendapatkan hasil yang sama dengan pemberian dosis urea sebesar 200, 300, dan 400 kg urea ha-1 dengan hasil rata-rata yang disisakan 2 dan 4 daun di bawah tongkol sebesar 10,14 t ha-1 dan 10,13 t ha-1, dan tidak terdapat kombinasi yang terbaik antara perlakuan defoliasi dan pemberian pupuk urea.
PENGUJIAN VIGOR BENIH KEDELAI VARIETAS GROBOGAN HASIL PEMUPUKAN NPK MAJEMUK PADA UMUR SIMPAN DUA BULAN
Authors: Shari Parmitha , Nurmiaty Yayuk , Nurmauli Niar 
Published: November 2021

Benih merupakan salah satu bahan usaha tani yang mempengaruhi hasil. Penggunaan benih bermutu yang memiliki vigor tinggi merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat menghasilkan panen tanaman yang tinggi. Dosis pupuk NPK majemuk selama periode pembangunan benih diduga mempengaruhi vigor suatu benih. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan vigor benih kedelai Varietas Grobogan yang berasal dari dosis pemupukan NPK majemuk berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pemuliaan dan Teknologi Benih Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung dari bulan April hingga Mei 2012. Percobaan dirancang menggunakan rancangan kelompok teracak sempurna (RKTS) yang diulang tiga kali. Rancangan perlakuan adalah tunggal terstruktur terdiri dari lima taraf dosis pupuk NPK majemuk (100 kg ha-1, 150 kg ha-1, 200 kg ha-1, 250 kg ha-1, dan 300 kg ha-1). Homogenitas ragam diuji dengan Uji Barlett dan aditivitas data diuji dengan Uji Tukey. Bila asumsi analisis ragam terpenuhi, maka data dianalisis ragam; rata-rata nilai pengaruh perlakuan diuji dengan Uji Ortogonal Polinomial pada taraf 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa benih kedelai Varietas Grobogan yang berasal dari pemupukan NPK majemuk yang ditingkatkan dosisnya sampai dengan 300 kg ha-1 menghasilkan perbedaan vigor benih secara kuadratik berdasarkan variabel bobot kering kecambah. Pada dosis pupuk 178,95kg ha-1 menghasilkan bobot kering kecambah maksimum yaitu 0,08 g/kecambah sedangkan panjang akar dan panjang plumula meningkat secara linier seiring dengan peningkatan dosis pupuk. Variabel kecepatan perkecambahan, kecambah normal yang tumbuh, nilai daya hantar listrik, dan panjang hipokotil tidak menunjukkan perbedaan meskipun dosis pemupukan ditingkatkan.
PERUBAHAN KADAR AIR DAN SUHU TANAH AKIBAT PEMBERIAN MULSA ORGANIK PADA PERTANAMAN NANAS PT GREAT GIANT PINEAPPLE TERBANGGI BESAR LAMPUNG TENGAH
Authors: Anetasia Meifma , Afandi Afandi , Novpriansyah Hery , Manik K. E.S. , Cahyono Prio 
Published: November 2021

Nanas (Ananas comosus) membutuhkan air untuk pertumbuhannya yang maksimal. Salah satu upaya untuk mempertahankan kadar air dan suhu tanah saat musim kemarau yaitu dengan cara penambahan mulsa organik di atas permukaan tanah agar memperbaiki kondisi fisik tanah lapisan atas untuk menjaga temperatur (suhu), penguapan dan kadar air tanah, sehingga kadar air tanah dapat tersedia dan lebih hemat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh mulsa organik terhadap perubahan kadar air dan suhu tanah pada pertanaman nanas di PT Great Giant Pineapple Terbanggi besar Lampung Tengah. Penelitian ini disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), dengan perlakuan M0 = Tanpa mulsa, M1 = 25 t ha-1. M2 = 50 t ha-1. M3 = 75 t ha-1. M4 = 100 t ha-1. Mulsa organik yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah mulsa kulit singkong dengan kadar air 37,28%, bibit nanas yang digunakan adalah bibit Sucker Klon GP3.Perlakuan M0 setelah hari ke-3 yaitu kadar air mencapai 20,83 % harus dilakukan irigasi. Sedangkan pada perlakuan M1 hari ke-3 kadar air mencapai 21,8 % harus dilakukan proses irigasi. Perlakuan M2 setelah dilakukan pengamatan pada hari ke-7 dengan kadar air sebesar 21,18%, sehingga harus dilakukan proses irigasi. Perlakuan M3 setelah dilakukan pengamatan pada hari ke-10 yaitu dengan kadar air tanah mencapai 22,4%, sehingga harus dilakukan proses irigasi, sedangkan M4 pada hari ke-10 kadar air menjadi 22,56 %, sehingga sudah harus dilakukan proses irigasi. Maka, penelitian ini yang mampu bertahan lebih lama dalam memenuhi kebutuhan air pada perlakuan M3 dan M4 yaitu dapat bertahan selama 10 hari.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN ASAM HUMAT (BERASAL DARI BATUBARA MUDA) DAN PUPUK N TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN TOMAT (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill)
Authors: Restida Mira , Sarno Sarno , Ginting Yohannes Cahya 
Published: November 2021

Tomat merupakan tanaman sayuran buah yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat karena memiliki kandunagn vitamin yang baik bagi tubuh. Namun produksitvitas tomat masih tergolong rendah. Salah satu penyebab rendahnya produktivitas tersebut yaitu pemupukan yang belum memenuhi kebutuhan tanaman, sehingga dilakukan upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dengan cara mengkombinasikan pupuk kimia dengan pupuk organik yaitu asam humat dan N. Asam humat merupakan hasil akhir dari dekomposisi bahan organik yang dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemupukan N dan asam humat, serta interaksi antara pupuk N dan asam humat terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tomat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) secara faktorial 2x5 dengan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah pemupukan N, yaitu N0= tanpa N dan N1= 17,5 g Urea/tanaman. Faktor kedua yaitu pemberian asam humat dengan konsentrasi 0, 50, 100, 150, dan 200 mg L -1 . Data yang diperoleh diuji homogenitasnya menggunakan uji Bartlett, aditivitas data menggunakan uji Tukey, dan untuk membedakan pengaruh asam humat digunakan uji polynomial ortogonal pada á = 0,05 dan á = 0,01. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pada perlakuan tanpa N, asam humat meningkatkan indeks kehijauan daun, tetapi bila diberi N hubungannya tidak nyata terhadap indeks kehijauan daun dan meningkat secara kuadratik terhadap tinggi tanaman, serta meningkat secara linier terhadap jumlah buah per tanaman dan bobot buah per tanaman.
AKUMULASI BAHAN KERING BEBERAPA VARIETAS TANAMAN SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) RATOON 1 PADA KERAPATAN TANAMAN BERBEDA
Authors: Ferdian Bangun , Sunyoto Sunyoto , Karyanto Agus , Kamal Muhammad 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui akumulasi bahan kering tanaman sorgum ratoon I akibat kerapatan tanamanan berbeda, akumulasi bahan kering pada tiga varietas sorgum ratoon I, dan pengaruh interaksi antara kerapatan tanamanan dan varietas sorgum terhadap akumulasi bahan kering beberapa sorgum ratoon I. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Kebun Percobaan Natar, Desa Negara Ratu, Kecamatan Natar, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan danLaboratorium, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung yang dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai dengan Desember 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dan rancangan perlakuan dalam pola faktorial (3x4) yaitu dengan dua faktor dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah kerapatan tanaman (P) dan faktor kedua adalah varietas tanaman sorgum (G). Kerapatan tanaman dibagi menjadi empat taraf, yaitu satu (p1), dua (p2), tiga (p3), dan empat (p4) tanaman/ lubang tanam serta varietas yang digunakan ada tiga, yaitu Numbu (g1), Keller (g2), dan Wray (g3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa kerapatan tanaman berpengaruh nyata terhadap akumulasi bahan kering tanaman sorgum ratoon 1. Secara umum peningkatan kerapatan tanaman menurunkan akumulasi bahan kering per tanaman, namun hasil persatuan luas lahan tertinggi ditunjukkan kerapatan tanaman yang tinggi, kerapatan tiga tanaman/lubang tanam menghasilkan bobot biji kering lebih tinggi 62 % dari kerapatan satu, 58,80% dari kerapatan empat dan 50% lebih dari kerapatan dua; varietas tanaman berpengaruh nyata terhadap akumulasi bahan kering tanaman sorgum ratoon 1, Secara umum varietas Numbu memiliki hasil 157,98 % lebih tinggidibandingkan Keller dan lebih tinggi 180,36% dari varietas Wray; kombinasi antara varietas dengan kerapatan tanamanberpengaruh nyata terhadap akumulasi bahan kering tanaman sorgum ratoon. Varietas Keller dan kerapatan tanaman tiga tanaman/lubang tanam mampu memberikan bobot kering total tanaman sebesar 27,50% lebih tinggi dari varietas Numbu, dan 46,99% lebih tinggi dari varietas Wray.