bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die psychische Belastung von Kindern, Jugendlichen und ihren Familien während der COVID-19-Pandemie und der Zusammenhang mit emotionalen und Verhaltensauffälligkeiten
Authors: Döpfner Manfred , Adam Julia , Habbel Carolina , Schulte Birte , Schulze-Husmann Karen , Simons Michael , Heuer Fabiola , Wegner Christiane , Bender Stephan ,   TEMPO-Studiengruppe, Döpfner Manfred , Adam Julia , Habbel Carolina , Schulze-Husmann Karen , Simons Michael , Schwendowius Jan , Heuer Fabiola , Wegner Christiane , Bender Stephan , Herpertz-Dahlmann Beate , Poustka Luise ,   B-FAST-Studiengruppe, Schulte Birte , Bender Stephan , Münch Juliane , Tönshoff Burkhard , Joachim Alexander , Birzele Lena T. , Möhler Eva 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel
Die im Rahmen der COVID-19-Pandemie erlassenen Maßnahmen zum Infektionsschutz führten zu tiefgreifenden Einschränkungen und Veränderungen im sozialen, (vor-)schulischen, familiären und Freizeitbereich. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht das Ausmaß an psychischer Belastung von Kindern, Jugendlichen und ihren Familien während der COVID-19-Pandemie. Mögliche Einflussfaktoren sollen identifiziert werden.

Material und Methoden
Die Untersuchungen erfolgten zwischen Herbst 2020 und Frühjahr 2021 in einer klinischen Inanspruchnahmestichprobe (n = 280 Patient:innen zwischen 4–17 Jahren) und einer Feldstichprobe (n = 1958 Kinder und Jugendliche zwischen 4–19 Jahren, über Schulen und vorschulische Einrichtungen rekrutiert). Dabei wurden Urteile der Eltern sowie Selbsturteile der Kinder und Jugendlichen mittels Fragebögen erfasst.

Ergebnisse
Die psychische Belastung der Kinder und Jugendlichen im Zusammenhang mit der Pandemie wird über beide Beurteilungsperspektiven und Stichproben hinweg als leicht bis moderat erhöht eingeschätzt. Rund 60–70 % der Eltern- und Selbsturteile beschreiben eine Zunahme dieser Belastung, während Entlastungen von bis zu 12 % sowohl im Eltern- als auch im Selbsturteil angegeben werden. Beim Vergleich der beiden Stichproben zeigt sich eine leicht höhere Belastung der Kinder und Jugendlichen nur im Selbsturteil der Klinikstichprobe. Die untersuchten soziodemografischen Faktoren haben keinen Einfluss auf die Belastung. Allerdings zeigen sich in beiden Stichproben leichte bis moderate Zusammenhänge zwischen der subjektiv erlebten Verschlechterung der familiären und sozialen Situation und einem erhöhten Belastungserleben.

Diskussion
Während einer Pandemie sollten gezielte Interventionen für belastete Subgruppen angeboten werden. Universelle Interventionen sind nicht indiziert.
Medizin für Menschen mit Behinderungen
Authors: Grüneweller Niklas , Wähnert Dirk , Schillians Nathalie , Komadinic Adrian , Vordemvenne Thomas 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDie von Bodelschwinghschen Stiftungen Bethel blicken auf eine über 150-jährige Tradition in der Behandlung von Menschen mit Behinderungen. Das traumatologische Patient*innenkollektiv ist dabei regelmäßig durch schwerste geistige und körperliche Entwicklungsstörungen und (Mehrfach‑)Behinderungen, mit und ohne Verhaltensstörungen, und internistische Begleiterkrankungen charakterisiert. Diese besondere Kombination erfordert ärztlich wie pflegerisch eine Therapie und Indikationsstellung, welche in allen Behandlungsschritten spezifisch abgewogen und angepasst werden muss. Behandlungsrichtlinien oder Empfehlungen zu diesem Patientenkollektiv existieren in der Literatur nicht. Des Weiteren kann die Behandlung von Frakturen bei Menschen mit Behinderungen nicht immer nach etablierten Konzepten erfolgen. Aufgrund einer hohen postoperativen Komplikationsrate kommt der konservativen Therapie eine entscheidende Rolle zu. Die Entscheidung zur operativen Therapie muss interdisziplinär und individuell unter Berücksichtigung sämtlicher Faktoren getroffen werden. Spezielles Augenmerk muss dabei auf das zu wählende Verfahren (Stabilität, funktionelle Bedürfnisse) gerichtet werden.
The role of collaboration and external knowledge for innovation in small food firms
Authors: Wixe Sofia , Nilsson Pia , Naldi Lucia , Westlund Hans 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this study, we use unique purpose-built survey data to show that small food firms are more innovative when externally engaged. To capture this, we apply a broad classification of innovative activities, including new products, processes, markets, organization, and distribution channels, and examine them against types of external interactions. The analysis, an ordered logit estimation, controls for heterogeneity across firms as well as geographic conditions. The results demonstrate a positive relationship between external interaction and firm innovation, though there are differences across types of external engagement and innovation activities. Product innovation benefits from knowledge from extra-regional firms, while several of the other forms of innovation show a positive relationship with support from regional and municipality boards. Additionally, firm collaboration regarding transports and sales enhances most types of innovation, but there are few relationships of benefit with research-intensive organizations. We conclude that, to be effective, innovation strategies of both the firms themselves and policymakers need to consider local context, access to intra- and extra-regional knowledge sources, and what types of innovation activities the firms are engaged in.
Postoperative Stroke After Type A Aortic Dissection Repair: Hemorrhage Versus Ischemia
Authors: Lin Chun‐Yu , Lee Chuo‐Yu , Lee Hsin‐Fu , Wu Meng‐Yu , Tseng Chi‐Nan , Tsai Feng‐Chun , Lin Yu‐Hsuan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative stroke is a severe and potentially disabling complication following surgical intervention for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). This retrospective study aims to compare the early and late outcomes between patients who had hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke after undergoing ATAAD repair surgery.MethodsBetween January 2007 and June 2020, a total of 685 consecutive patients underwent ATAAD repair at our institution. Patients who had a preoperative stroke or were unconscious at presentation were excluded from this study. Of the 656 included for analysis, 102 (15.5%) patients had a postoperative stroke confirmed by computed tomography angiography. The strokes were classified into the ischemia group (n = 83, 12.7%) and hemorrhage group (n = 19, 2.9%). Clinical features, surgical information, postoperative complications, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores after discharge, and 5‐year cumulative survival rates were compared.ResultsDemographics, comorbidities, and presentations of ATAAD were similar between the two groups, except a higher rate of preoperative antithrombotic medication was found in the hemorrhage group. The hemorrhage group was associated with a higher complexity of aortic arch replacement, longer cardiopulmonary bypass, and aortic clamping times than the ischemia group. A higher in‐hospital mortality rate (42.1% versus 20.5%; p = 0.048) and a higher median mRS score at the 3‐month follow‐up after discharge (6[3–6] versus 4[2–6]; p = 0.027) were found in the hemorrhage group. The hemorrhage group showed a lower 5‐year cumulative survival rate (23.4% versus 57.8%; p = 0.003) compared with the ischemia group.ConclusionsPostoperative hemorrhagic stroke was associated with poorer neurological outcomes and lower survival rates than those with ischemic stroke. Patients who have complex arch replacement, long cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic clamping times are at risk for postoperative hemorrhagic stroke and should have intensive neurological surveillance for early diagnosis and treatment after ATAAD repair surgery.
Signaling pathways of heat- and hypersalinity-induced polyp bailout in Pocillopora acuta
Authors: Gösser Fabian , Raulf Arne , Mosig Axel , Tollrian Ralph , Schweinsberg Maximilian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPolyp bailout is a drastic response to acute stress where coral coloniality breaks down and polyps detach. We induced polyp bailout in Pocillopora acuta with heat stress and tested for differential gene expression using RNAseq and a qPCR assay. Furthermore, we induced polyp bailout with hypersalinity and compared the results to identify stressor-independent signals and pathways active during polyp bailout. Both stressors led to the onset of polyp bailout and the detachment of vital polyps. We observed activation of microbe-associated molecular pattern receptors and downstream signaling pathways of the innate immune system. Further, we detected growth factors and genes active during Wnt-signaling potentially contributing to wound healing, regeneration, and proliferation. Upregulation of several genes encoding for matrix metalloproteinases and the fibroblast growth factor signaling pathway are the most likely involved in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix, as well as in the detachment of polyps from the calcareous skeleton during polyp bailout. Expression of genes of interest in our qPCR assay of vital polyps from our heat-stress experiment, showed a trend for a normalization of gene expression after polyp bailout. Our results provide new insights into the signaling cascades leading to the observed physiological responses during polyp bailout. Comparison between the two stressors showed that certain signaling pathways are independent of the stressor and suggested that polyp bailout is a general response of corals to acute stress. Furthermore, immune system responses during polyp bailout indicate that microbe-associated partners of corals may lead to the polyp bailout response.
Temporal trends of TAVI treatment characteristics in high volume centers in Germany 2013–2020
Authors: Mauri Victor , Abdel-Wahab Mohamed , Bleiziffer Sabine , Veulemans Verena , Sedaghat Alexander , Adam Matti , Nickenig Georg , Kelm Malte , Thiele Holger , Baldus Stephan , Rudolph Tanja K. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective
To assess temporal trends of patient baseline characteristics, risk profile and outcome of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) between 2013 and 2020.

Background
Guideline recommendations and increasing confidence in TAVI therapy may have changed the selection of TAVI patients.

Methods
Baseline risk profile and VARC-2 outcome of 15,344 patients undergoing TAVI at 5 high volume centers in Germany over the time period 2013–2020 was analyzed.

Results
Over the 8 years, annual TAVI volumes more than doubled from 1071 in 2013 to 2996 in 2020. The baseline surgical risk estimated by the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score declined from 7.2 ± 6.2% to 4.6 ± 3.7% (P < 0.001) as a consequence of lower comorbidity burden, whereas mean age remained unchanged (2013 81.0 ± 6.1; 2020 80.8 ± 6.4; P = 0.976) with patients ≥ 80 years accounting for about two-third of the treated cohort.
Periprocedural complications including bleeding (2013 24.5%; 2020 12.1%; P < 0.001), vascular complications (2013 20.7%; 2020 11.7%; P < 0.001) and new permanent pacemaker implantation (2013 20.1%; 2020 13.8%, P < 0.001) decreased significantly. Similarly, the 30-day mortality decreased from 5.4% to 2.1% (P < 0.001), but remained high in high-risk patients (STS > 8% 2013 7.5%; 2020 6.9%; P = 0.778).

Conclusion
From 2013 to 2020, mortality and burden of complications following TAVI procedure significantly decreased in a large multicenter registry from Germany. Proportion of elderly patients remained stable, while the surgical risk profile decreased.

Graphical abstract
Synthesizing optimal bias in randomized self-stabilization
Authors: Volk Matthias , Bonakdarpour Borzoo , Katoen Joost-Pieter , Aflaki Saba 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRandomization is a key concept in distributed computing to tackle impossibility results. This also holds for self-stabilization in anonymous networks where coin flips are often used to break symmetry. Although the use of randomization in self-stabilizing algorithms is rather common, it is unclear what the optimal coin bias is so as to minimize the expected convergence time. This paper proposes a technique to automatically synthesize this optimal coin bias. Our algorithm is based on a parameter synthesis approach from the field of probabilistic model checking. It over- and under-approximates a given parameter region and iteratively refines the regions with minimal convergence time up to the desired accuracy. We describe the technique in detail and present a simple parallelization that gives an almost linear speed-up. We show the applicability of our technique to determine the optimal bias for the well-known Herman’s self-stabilizing token ring algorithm. Our synthesis obtains that for small rings, a fair coin is optimal, whereas for larger rings a biased coin is optimal where the bias grows with the ring size. We also analyze a variant of Herman’s algorithm that coincides with the original algorithm but deviates for biased coins. Finally, we show how using speed reducers in Herman’s protocol improve the expected convergence time.
Exploiting fashion x-commerce through the empowerment of voice in the fashion virtual reality arena
Authors: Morotti Elena , Stacchio Lorenzo , Donatiello Lorenzo , Roccetti Marco , Tarabelli Jari , Marfia Gustavo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe ongoing development of eXtended Reality (XR) technologies is supporting a rapid increase of their performances along with a progressive decrease of their costs, making them more and more attractive for a large class of consumers. As a result, their widespread use is expected within the next few years. This may foster new opportunities for e-commerce strategies, giving birth to an XR-based commerce (x-commerce) ecosystem. With respect to web and mobile-based shopping experiences, x-commerce could more easily support brick-and-mortar store-like experiences. One interesting and consolidated one amounts to the interactions among customers and shop assistants inside fashion stores. In this work, we concentrate on such aspects with the design and implementation of an XR-based shopping experience, where vocal dialogues with an Amazon Alexa virtual assistant are supported, to experiment with a more natural and familiar contact with the store environment. To verify the validity of such an approach, we asked a group of fashion experts to try two different XR store experiences: with and without the voice assistant integration. The users are then asked to answer a questionnaire to rate their experiences. The results support the hypothesis that vocal interactions may contribute to increasing the acceptance and comfortable perception of XR-based fashion shopping.
Households’ inflation perceptions and expectations: survey evidence from New Zealand
Authors: Hayo Bernd , Neumeier Florian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we study how inflation is viewed by the general population of New Zealand. Based on unique representative survey data collected in 2016 and using descriptive statistics and multivariate regressions, we explore various aspects of how laypersons perceive inflation and form inflation expectations. We focus on how an individual’s economic situation, information search and interest in inflation, economic knowledge, and attitudes and values are related to inflation perception and expectation, as well as the individual’s reaction to them. We interpret our findings as a clear indication that laypersons’ knowledge about inflation is much better described by the imperfect information view prevailing in social psychology than by the rational actor view typically assumed in economics.
Informal care-giving and the intention to give up employment: the role of perceived supervisor behaviour in a cohort of German employees
Authors: Montano Diego , Peter Richard 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCurrent social policies in the European Union addressing employment, retirement and long-term care are expected to result in increasing employment rates among informal carers. The present investigation contributes to previous research by focusing on how specific work-related factors, in this case supervisor behaviour, may facilitate the fulfilment of the demands arising from paid work and care and ultimately influence the desire to give up employment. To this end, population data from the German Cohort Study on Work, Age, Health and Work Participation conducted in 2011 and 2014 are analysed (n = 3916). Three research hypotheses investigating the associations between care-giving, supervisor behaviour, the intention to give up employment and work-private-life conflict are tested by means of cumulative link models. The results suggest that the intention to give up employment is stronger among employed carers. In addition, the perception that one’s supervisor is considerate towards subordinates and is effective in planning, coordinating work and solving conflicts is found to be negatively related to the desire to give up employment, especially among carers. The statistical analyses reveal that supervisor behaviour mediates the association between the level of work-private-life conflict and the intention to give up employment. It is concluded that the working conditions may exert a substantial influence on the levels of psychosocial load carers experience by facilitating or hindering the extent to which carers are allowed to accommodate their work schedules and job assignments to the conflicting demands of their dual role as workers and carers.
Formal verification of neural agents in non-deterministic environments
Authors: Akintunde Michael E. , Botoeva Elena , Kouvaros Panagiotis , Lomuscio Alessio 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe introduce a model for agent-environment systems where the agents are implemented via feed-forward ReLU neural networks and the environment is non-deterministic. We study the verification problem of such systems against CTL properties. We show that verifying these systems against reachability properties is undecidable. We introduce a bounded fragment of CTL, show its usefulness in identifying shallow bugs in the system, and prove that the verification problem against specifications in bounded CTL is in coNExpTimeandPSpace-hard. We introduce sequential and parallel algorithms for MILP-based verification of agent-environment systems, present an implementation, and report the experimental results obtained against a variant of the VerticalCAS use-case and the frozen lake scenario.
Combining quantitative and qualitative reasoning in concurrent multi-player games
Authors: Bulling Nils , Goranko Valentin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe propose a general framework for modelling and formal reasoning about multi-agent systems and, in particular, multi-stage games where both quantitative and qualitative objectives and constraints are involved. Our models enrich concurrent game models with payoffs and guards on actions associated with each state of the model and propose a quantitative extension of the logic $${\textsf {ATL}}^{*}$$

ATL

∗

that enables the combination of quantitative and qualitative reasoning. We illustrate the framework with some detailed examples. Finally, we consider the model-checking problems arising in our framework and establish some general undecidability and decidability results for them.
‘Technology is Everywhere, we have the Opportunity to Learn it in the Valley’: The Appropriation of a Socio-Technical Enabling Infrastructure in the Moroccan High Atlas
Authors: Rüller Sarah , Aal Konstantin , Holdermann Simon , Tolmie Peter , Hartmann Andrea , Rohde Markus , Zillinger Martin , Wulf Volker 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper describes the appropriation processes involved in establishing a socio-technical enabling infrastructure in a valley in the High Atlas of Morocco. We focus on the challenges of co-establishing such an intervention in a rural/mountainous region that is already undergoing a process of continuous development and profound transformation. We reflect upon the changes and unforeseen appropriation by our local partners and inhabitants in the valley of a computer club primarily used as an informal learning centre for school children. We followed an ethnographic approach and combined research perspectives from both socio-informatics and anthropology. This paper sheds light on what a successful cooperation and intervention in this kind of challenging environment can look like. It does this by taking seriously competing expectations, fragile infrastructural foundations and the socio-cultural context. Despite the challenges, the intervention managed to lead to the establishment of a socio-technical enabling infrastructure that plays a particularly valuable role in local educational endeavours and that is now moving towards supporting other members of the community. The paper thus provides insights regarding what has to be considered to create a mutually beneficial cooperation with all relevant stakeholders as well as a sustainable intervention.
Coat Polymorphism in Eurasian Lynx: Adaptation to Environment or Phylogeographic Legacy?
Authors: Darul Romane , Gavashelishvili Alexander , Saveljev Alexander P. , Seryodkin Ivan V. , Linnell John D. C. , Okarma Henryk , Bagrade Guna , Ornicans Aivars , Ozolins Janis , Männil Peep , Khorozyan Igor , Melovski Dime , Stojanov Aleksandar , Trajçe Aleksandër , Hoxha Bledi , Dvornikov Mikhail G. , Galsandorj Naranbaatar , Okhlopkov Innokentiy , Mamuchadze Jimsher , Yarovenko Yuriy A. , Akkiev Muzigit I. , Sulamanidze Giorgi , Kochiashvili Vazha , Şahin Mehmet Kürşat , Trepet Sergey A. , Pkhitikov Alim B. , Farhadinia Mohammad S. , Godoy Jose A. , Jászay Tomáš , Ratkiewicz Mirosław , Schmidt Krzysztof 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe studied the relationship between the variability and contemporary distribution of pelage phenotypes in one of most widely distributed felid species and an array of environmental and demographic conditions. We collected 672 photographic georeferenced records of the Eurasian lynx throughout Eurasia. We assigned each lynx coat to one of five phenotypes. Then we fitted the coat patterns to different environmental and anthropogenic variables, as well as the effective geographic distances from inferred glacial refugia. A majority of lynx were either of the large spotted (41.5%) or unspotted (uniform, 36.2%) phenotype. The remaining patterns (rosettes, small spots and pseudo-rosettes) were represented in 11.0%, 7.4%, and 3.9% of samples, respectively. Although various environmental variables greatly affected lynx distribution and habitat suitability, it was the effect of least-cost distances from locations of the inferred refugia during the Last Glacial Maximum that explained the distribution of lynx coat patterns the best. Whereas the occurrence of lynx phenotypes with large spots was explained by the proximity to refugia located in the Caucasus/Middle East, the uniform phenotype was associated with refugia in the Far East and Central Asia. Despite the widely accepted hypothesis of adaptive functionality of coat patterns in mammals and exceptionally high phenotypic polymorphism in Eurasian lynx, we did not find well-defined signs of habitat matching in the coat pattern of this species. Instead, we showed how the global patterns of morphological variability in this large mammal and its environmental adaptations may have been shaped by past climatic change.