bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O show matemática do milhão: divulgando e promovendo conhecimento
Authors: Josaphá Isabella Basílio , Oliveira Gabriela França 
Published: July 2021

RESUMO
Esse artigo trata da apresentação de um jogo intitulado “Show Matemática do Milhão”, um jogo de perguntas que segue o formato do jogo televisivo “Show do Milhão” apresentado pela emissora de televisão SBT. O intuito do jogo foi despertar o interesse dos alunos por conteúdos matemáticos, visto que o jogo trata de diversos conteúdos de diversos níveis. O aluno acertando sente-se motivado a continuar os estudos e errado sente-se motivado a buscar o conhecimento para que o erro não se repita. Além de despertar o interesse dos alunos, o jogo também é interessante para professores que podem substituir uma avaliação formal de perguntar e respostas por essa avaliação mais dinâmica e divertida.

ABSTRACT
This paper is about the presentation of a game called "Show Math do Milhão", a quiz game that follows the format of the TV game "Show do Milhão", presented by SBT television network. The purpose of the game was to awaken the students' interest for mathematical contents, since the game deals with several contents at different levels. When the student gets it right, he/she feels motivated to continue studying, and when he/she gets it wrong, he/she feels motivated to seek knowledge so that the mistake will not be repeated. Besides arousing the students' interest, the game is also interesting for teachers, who can replace a formal evaluation of questions and answers by this more dynamic and fun evaluation.
PWM controller for thermoelectric devices used in a climatization system
Authors: Rivera Eugenia Salazar , Hernández Osvaldo López , Lara Alfredo Benítez , Xochimitl Sandra Jiménez 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
The present work describes the development of an open loop temperature control system in a container through a Peltier Cell. The control consists of applying a PWM signal to the thermoelectric device, which controls the temperature in a range of 5 to 90 °C. A study was carried out to characterize the frequency and duty cycle of the PWM and thus determine the best operating conditions for the thermoelectric element. In addition, a power stage was implemented to change the supply polarity in the Peltier cell and, in this way, to be able to exchange the heating and cooling faces. The study carried out leaves the basis for implementing climatization system on a larger scale using thermoelectric elements in a novel and versatile way.

RESUMEN
El presente trabajo describe el desarrollo de un sistema de control de temperatura en lazo abierto en un contenedor mediante una célula Peltier. El control consiste en aplicar una señal PWM al dispositivo termoeléctrico, que controla la temperatura en un rango de 5 a 90 °C. Se realizó un estudio para caracterizar la frecuencia y el ciclo de trabajo del PWM y así determinar las mejores condiciones de funcionamiento del elemento termoeléctrico. Además, se implementó una etapa de potencia para cambiar la polaridad de alimentación en la célula Peltier y, de esta manera, poder intercambiar las caras de calentamiento y enfriamiento. El estudio realizado deja las bases para implementar el sistema de climatización a mayor escala utilizando elementos termoeléctricos de forma novedosa y versátil.
Influence of Animation- Versus Text-Based Delivery of a Web-Based Computer-Tailored Smoking Cessation Intervention on User Perceptions
Authors: Elling Jan Mathis , De Vries Hein 
Published: July 2021

Computer-tailored (CT) digital health interventions have shown to be effective in obtaining behaviour change. Yet, user perceptions of these interventions are often unsatisfactory. Traditional CT interventions rely mostly on text-based feedback messages. A way of presenting feedback messages in a more engaging manner may be the use of narrated animations instead of text. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of manipulating the mode of delivery (animation vs. text) in a smoking cessation intervention on user perceptions among smokers and non-smokers. Smokers and non-smokers (N = 181) were randomized into either the animation or text condition. Participants in the animation condition assessed the intervention as more effective (ηp2 = .035), more trustworthy (ηp2 = .048), more enjoyable (ηp2 = .022), more aesthetic (ηp2 = .233), and more engaging (ηp2 = .043) compared to participants in the text condition. Participants that received animations compared to text messages also reported to actively trust the intervention more (ηp2 = .039) and graded the intervention better (ηp2 = .056). These findings suggest that animation-based interventions are superior to text-based interventions with respect to user perceptions.
Cardiac Amyloidosis – An Underdiagnosed Cause of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction – Updated Diagnosis and Treatment Options
Authors: Rimbas Roxana Cristina , Balinisteanu Anca , Chitroceanu Alexandra Maria , Vinereanu Dragos 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) still represents a frequently missed cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). In the light of many new and effective therapies for immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL) and for transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR), screening for amyloidosis as an important and potentially treatable diagnosis under the HFpEF becomes mandatory. A step-by-step algorithm for CA in HF patients was already provided by the guidelines. This review summarizes the role of all imaging modalities and biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of both subtypes, the algorithm for diagnosis of CA, and new therapeutic options. It is the first Romanian publication which intends to bring altogether the current recommendations in the diagnosis and management of CA.
Learning Curve for Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing – the Experience of a Romanian Academic Center
Authors: Pestrea Catalin , Gherghina Alexandra , Pintilie Irina , Ortan Florin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Introduction
There is an increasing interest in the past decade for more physiological pacing strategies due to detrimental long-term right ventricular pacing. His bundle pacing is the most physiological one, but it has some drawbacks, mainly an increased pacing threshold. Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) emerged in the recent years as the next step in conduction system pacing. We present our initial experience and learning curve with this latter procedure.

Material and methods
During January 2019 and February 2021, 20 patients with pacing indications that failed initial permanent His bundle pacing underwent successful LBBAP.

Results
The mean age was 65.9 ± 12.7 years. The indications for cardiac pacing were AV block in 14 patients (70%) and cardiac resynchronization therapy in 6 patients (30%). At baseline, normal QRS complex was noted in 9 patients, a left bundle branch block pattern in 10 patients and a right bundle branch block in one patient. A total of 18 dual-chamber and one single chamber pacemakers were implanted and a cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) device. The acute pacing threshold was 0.56±0.2 V at 0.4ms, the sensing threshold was 10.3±3.9 mV and the impedance was 684.9±112.2 Ω. The overall QRS duration decreased after LBBAP from 128.5 ± 27ms to 103.6 ± 17.4ms (p= 0.001). In patients with baseline wide QRS complex there was a highly significant decrease from 148.2 ± 11.6 ms to 104.7 ± 19.4 ms (p<0.001). The fluoroscopy time, including the time spent for His bundle location, was 13.8 ± 8.5 minutes. The pacing thresholds remained constant after three-months (0.6 ± 0.2 V vs. 0.56 ± 0.2 V at 0.4 ms). We had two intraprocedural septal perforations without any consequences and three micro dislodgements at follow-up with pure left septal capture.

Conclusion
Left bundle branch area pacing is a feasible physiological pacing technique with a high success rate and the potential to overcome the limits of permanent His bundle pacing. It can be successfully performed virtually in all types of pacing indications, including cardiac resynchronization therapy as provides a rapid and synchronous activation of the left ventricle.
Authors: Dewi Pristika , Alfian Ari Nurul 
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Flash-based waste sorting interactive learning media is a learning media designed and built to better understand and make students more interested in learning, as well as helping teachers in the teaching and learning process. Waste separation management has not been implemented. Finally, there are still many students who do not understand the types of waste. This interactive learning media is very necessary, the software used is the creation of this application is Adobe Flash CS6 and uses the ActionScript 3.0 programming language. The method used in this waste sorting learning media is MDLC (Multimedia Development Life Cycle). The result of this research is that the existence of learning media can help teachers in teaching about sorting waste and helping students to get to know more about sorting waste.

Keywords: Actionscript 3.0, Adobe Flash, Interactive Learning Media, MDLC, Waste Segregation.
MOTIVOS PARA A PRÁTICA DE ATIVIDADES CIRCENSES COMO ATIVIDADE FÍSICA
Authors: Nenartavis Fernanda , Vianna José Antonio 
Published: July 2021

O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a percepção de praticantes de circo sobre as motivações que os levaram a procurar pela atividade. Neste estudo exploratório, no universo de 100 participantes em uma escola de circo, 16 sujeitos com média de 24,1 anos de idade (F = 15; M = 1) responderam ao questionário semiestruturado elaborado pelos pesquisadores especialmente para o estudo. Foi utilizada a estatística descritiva para a observação das informações recorrentes para posterior triangulação dos dados. As categorias encontradas foram analisadas à luz das ciências sociais. Foram identificados como motivação para a prática: preparo físico ou saúde (24%), atividade prazerosa (19%), atividade diferente (16%), atividade artística (16%), estética da atividade (8%), desafios (5%), emagrecimento (3%), autoestima (3%), socialização (3%) e superação (3%). Os motivos para a ação parecem estar situados dentro das linguagens do gosto e da utilidade — orientações mais adequadas para os ambientes de ensino e aprendizagem. Além disso, a atividade parece ser uma alternativa às atividades físicas tradicionais, unindo o “útil ao agradável” em sua prática.
Proceso de modernización y liberación del subsector energía eléctrica en El Salvador
Authors: Söderberg Axel 
Published: July 2021

Este artículo pretende hacer un análisis de los logros alcanzados en el proceso de modernización y liberalización del sector de la energía eléctrica de El Salvador y de lo que, a nuestro juicio, conviene modificar. De lo que se trata es de hacer posible un desarrollo eléctrico que respete las diferentes dimensiones de la sustentabilidad y que, a mediano plazo, ponga a disposición energía eléctrica menos vulnerable al alza de precios de los combustibles y, por lo tanto, que tenga un impacto menor en los precios de la energía para el consumidor final.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 57, No. 639-640, 2002: 79-94.
Los acuerdos de paz, diez años después
Authors: UCA CIDAI 
Published: July 2021

En el presente artículo se hace un análisis crítico -después de diez años- de los logros conseguidos con la implementación de los acuerdos de paz, de lo que se hizo a medias -o se hizo mal- y de lo que no se hizo. El análisis se centra en los tres componentes fundamentales de los acuerdos de paz: político, económico-social y jurídico-institucional, pues sólo a partir de una visión integral y de conjunto de ellos se podrá ponderar su significado real para la construcción de un nuevo orden social, económico y político. La tesis del artículo es que el espíritu de los acuerdos de paz era contribuir a la edificación de una sociedad justa y democrática, en la cual no tuvieran cabida situaciones de conflictividad político-militar como la vivida en El Salvador, durante los doce años de guerra civil.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 57, No. 641-642, 2002: 209-234.
Pemanfaatan Kulit Buah Kakao sebagai Media Adsorpsi Logam Besi (Fe) dan Mangan (Mn) pada Air Sumur
Authors: Nurfahma Nurfahma , Rosdiana Rosdiana , Adami Aryani 
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the percentage reduction in iron (Fe2+) and manganese (Mn2+) content in well water using carbon from cocoa peel as an adsorption media with media height variation. The results of this study indicate that well water sample contains iron (Fe2+) levels of 1.39 mg/L and manganese (Mn2+) of 0.76 mg/L. After filtration with 60 minutes contact using carbon of cocoa peel as an adsorption media without activation, iron content and manganese content in well water decreased. The percentage reduction of iron (Fe2+) content in media height 70 cm, 80 cm and 90 cm were 76.98%, 84.17% and 98.21%. Meanwhile, the percentage in manganese (Mn2+) content at 70 cm media height was 98,93% and archived an optimum reduction at 80 cm and 90 cm media height which is 99.79% with 60 minute contact time.
PENGAJARAN SHALAT FARDHU MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PICTURE AND PICTURE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA SISWA KELAS III SEMESTER GANJIL SDN 011 BALIKPAPAN TIMUR TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: MAHFIAH MAHFIAH 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian perbaikan pembelajaran ini dilaksanakan sebanyak dua siklus setiap siklus dilakukan tes tiap akhir pertemuan. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas III berjumlah 29 siswa dan obyek penelitian ini adalah model pembelajaran picture and picture.Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik dokumentasi untuk mengetahui nilai dasar dan pengelompokan siswa, observasi untuk mengetahui aktivitas siswa dan guru, teknik tes untuk mengetahui nilai rata-rata dan ketuntasan belajar siswa. Penelitian dilakukan sebanyak dua siklus teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif berupa rata-rata, presentase dan grafik. Yang bertindak sebagai pelaksana dalam pembelajaran adalah peneliti, dan observator nya dalah teman sejawat yang merupakan guru senior dari kelas III. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa terjadi terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar tentang Shalat Fardhu kelas III SDN 011 Balikpapan Timur. Hal tersebut tampak pada peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada setiap siklus. yaitu yaitu dari pra siklus dengan rata-rata 66,35 meningkat menjadi 71,03 pada siklus I kemudian pada siklus II nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa meningkat menjadi 83,34, begitupun persentase ketuntasan belajar meningkat dari pra siklus yang hanya 45% menjadi 62 % pada siklus I, kemudian siklus II menjadi 90 % siswa. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Model pembelajaran picture and picture dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar tentang shalat fardhu pada siswa kelas III SDN 011 Balikpapan Timur Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 Pengajaran Shalat Fardhu Melalui Model Pembelajaran Picture and Picture untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar pada Siswa Kelas III Semester Ganjil SDN 011 Balikpapan Timur Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020
Source apportionment of atmospheric PM10 oxidative potential: synthesis of 15 year-round urban datasets in France
Authors: Weber Samuël , Uzu Gaëlle , Favez Olivier , Borlaza Lucille Joanna S. , Calas Aude , Salameh Dalia , Chevrier Florie , Allard Julie , Besombes Jean-Luc , Albinet Alexandre , Pontet Sabrina , Mesbah Boualem , Gille Grégory , Zhang Shouwen , Pallares Cyril , Leoz-Garziandia Eva , Jaffrezo Jean-Luc 
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) carried or induced by particulate matter (PM)
are suspected of inducing oxidative stress in vivo, leading to adverse health impacts such as respiratory or cardiovascular diseases. The oxidative potential (OP) of PM, displaying the ability of PM to oxidize the lung environment, is gaining strong interest in examining health risks associated with PM exposure. In this study, OP was measured by two different acellular assays (dithiothreitol, DTT, and ascorbic acid, AA) on PM10 filter samples from 15 yearly time series of filters collected at 14 different locations in France between 2013 and 2018, including urban, traffic and Alpine valley site typologies. A detailed chemical speciation was also performed on the same samples, allowing the source apportionment of PM using positive matrix factorization (PMF) for each series, for a total number of more than 1700 samples. This study then provides a large-scale synthesis of the source apportionment of OP using coupled PMF and multiple linear regression (MLR) models. The primary road traffic, biomass burning, dust, MSA-rich, and primary biogenic sources had distinct positive redox activity towards the OPDTT assay, whereas biomass burning and road traffic sources only display significant activity for the OPAA assay. The daily median source contribution to the total OPDTT highlighted the dominant influence of the primary road traffic source. Both the biomass burning and the road traffic sources contributed evenly to the observed OPAA. Therefore, it appears clear that residential wood burning and road traffic are the two main target sources to be prioritized in order to decrease significantly the OP in western Europe and, if the OP is a good proxy of human health impact, to lower the health risks from PM exposure.
Modeling study of the impact of SO2 volcanic passive emissions on the tropospheric sulfur budget
Authors: Lamotte Claire , Guth Jonathan , Marécal Virginie , Cussac Martin , Hamer Paul David , Theys Nicolas , Schneider Philipp 
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Well constrained volcanic emissions inventories in chemistry transport models are necessary to study the impacts induced by these sources on the tropospheric sulfur composition and on sulfur species concentrations and depositions at the surface. In this paper, the changes induced by the update of the volcanic sulfur emissions inventory are studied using the global chemistry transport model MOCAGE (MOdèle de Chimie Atmosphérique à Grande Échelle). Unlike the previous inventory (Andres and Kasgnoc, 1998), the updated one (Carn et al., 2016, 2017) uses more accurate information and includes contributions from both passive degassing and eruptive emissions. Eruptions are provided as daily total amounts of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emitted by volcanoes in the Carn et al. (2016, 2017) inventories, and degassing emissions are provided as annual averages with the related mean annual uncertainties of those emissions by volcano. Information on plume altitudes is also available and has been used in the model. We chose to analyze the year 2013, for which only a negligible amount of eruptive volcanic SO2 emissions is reported, allowing us to focus the study on the impact of passive degassing emissions on the tropospheric sulfur budget. An evaluation against the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) SO2 total column and MODIS (Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) aerosol
optical depth (AOD) observations shows the improvements of the model results with the updated inventory. Because the global volcanic SO2 flux changes from 13 Tg yr−1 in Andres and Kasgnoc (1998) to 23.6 Tg yr−1 in Carn et al. (2016, 2017), significant differences appear in the global sulfur budget, mainly in the free troposphere and in the tropics. Even though volcanic SO2 emissions represent 15 % of the total annual sulfur emissions, the volcanic contribution to the tropospheric sulfate aerosol burden is 25 %, which is due to the higher altitude of emissions from volcanoes. Moreover, a sensitivity study on passive degassing emissions, using the annual uncertainties of emissions per volcano, also confirmed the nonlinear link between tropospheric sulfur species content with respect to volcanic SO2 emissions. This study highlights the need for accurate estimates of volcanic sources in chemistry transport models in order to properly simulate tropospheric sulfur species.
The high-frequency response correction of eddy covariance fluxes – Part 2: An experimental approach for analysing noisy measurements of small fluxes
Authors: Aslan Toprak , Peltola Olli , Ibrom Andreas , Nemitz Eiko , Rannik Üllar , Mammarella Ivan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Fluxes measured with the eddy covariance (EC) technique are subject to flux losses at high frequencies (low-pass filtering). If not properly corrected for, these result in systematically biased ecosystem–atmosphere gas exchange estimates. This loss is corrected using the system's transfer function which can be estimated with either theoretical or experimental approaches. In the experimental approach, commonly used for closed-path EC systems, the low-pass filter transfer function (H) can be derived from the comparison of either (i) the measured power spectra of sonic temperature and the target gas mixing ratio or (ii) the cospectra of both entities with vertical wind speed. In this study, we compare the power spectral approach (PSA) and cospectral approach (CSA) in the calculation of H for a range of attenuation levels and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). For a systematic analysis, we artificially generate a representative dataset from sonic temperature (T) by attenuating it with a first order filter and contaminating it with white noise, resulting in various combinations of time constants and SNRs. For PSA, we use two methods to account for the noise in the spectra: the first is the one introduced by Ibrom et al. (2007a) (PSAI07), in which the noise and H are fitted in different frequency ranges, and the noise is removed before estimating H. The second is a novel approach that uses the full power spectrum to fit both H and noise simultaneously (PSAA21). For CSA, we use a method utilizing the square root of the H with shifted vertical wind velocity time series via cross-covariance maximization (CSAH,sync). PSAI07 tends to overestimate the time constant when low-pass filtering is low, whilst the new PSAA21 and CSAH,sync successfully estimate the expected time constant regardless of the degree of attenuation and SNR. We further examine the effect of the time constant obtained with the different implementations of PSA and CSA on cumulative fluxes using estimated time constants in frequency response correction. For our example time series, the fluxes corrected using time constants derived by PSAI07 show a bias between 0.1 % and 1.4 %. PSAA21 showed almost no bias, while CSAH,sync showed bias of ±0.4 %. The accuracies of both PSA and CSA methods were not significantly affected by SNR level, instilling confidence in EC flux measurements and data processing in set-ups with low SNR. Overall we show that, when using power spectra for the empirical estimation of parameters of H for closed-path EC systems the new PSAA21 outperforms PSAI07, while when using cospectra the CSAH,sync approach provides accurate results. These findings are independent of the SNR value and attenuation level.