bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Olfactory Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are a Novel Candidate for Neurological Autoimmune Disease
Authors: Xiao Chongjun , Lu Di , Chen Jinshuo , Chen Xiaoyan , Lin Huizhu , Huang Mudan , Cheng Shimei , Wang Yuge , Liu Qiuli , Zheng Haiqing 
Published: December 2021

Background: Human olfactory mesenchymal stem cells (OMSC) have become a novel therapeutic option for immune disorder or demyelinating disease due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative potentials. However, the immunomodulatory effects of OMSC still need to be elucidated, and comparisons of the effects of different MSCs are also required in order to select an optimal cell source for further applications.Results: In animal experiments, we found neural functional recovery and delayed EAE attack in the OMSC treatment group. Compared with umbilical cord–derived mesenchymal stem cells (UMSC) treatment group and the control group, the OMSC treatment group had a better neurological improvement, lower serum levels of IFN-γ, and a lower proportion of CD4+IFN-γ+ T splenic lymphocyte. We also observed OMSC effectively suppressed CD4+IFN-γ+ T cell proportion in vitro when co-cultured with human peripheral blood–derived lymphocytes. The OMSC-mediated immunosuppressive effect on human CD4+IFN-γ+ T cells was attenuated by blocking cyclooxygenase activity.Conclusion: Our results suggest that OMSC treatment delayed the onset and promoted the neural functional recovery in the EAE mouse model possibly by suppressing CD4+IFN-γ+ T cells. OMSC transplantation might become an alternative therapeutic option for neurological autoimmune disease.
Curcumin is a Potential Adjuvant to Alleviates Diabetic Retinal Injury via Reducing Oxidative Stress and Maintaining Nrf2 Pathway Homeostasis
Authors: Xie Ting , Chen Xiaodong , Chen Wenyi , Huang Sien , Peng Xinye , Tian Lingmei , Wu Xuejie , Huang Yan 
Published: December 2021

Curcumin is a natural polyphenol compound with anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects. Although many studies have reported the protective effect of curcumin in diabetes mellitus or diabetic nephropathy, there is a lack of research on curcumin in diabetic retinopathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of curcumin on the diabetic retinal injury. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (60, n = 12 each) were respectively given curcumin orally (200 mg/kg/day), insulin subcutaneously (4–6 IU/day), and combined therapy with curcumin and insulin for 4 weeks. Retinal histopathological changes, oxidative stress markers, and transcriptome profiles from each group were observed. Curcumin, insulin, or combination therapy significantly reduced blood glucose, alleviated oxidative stress, and improved pathological damage in diabetic rats. Curcumin not only significantly reduced retinal edema but also had a better anti-photoreceptor apoptosis effect than insulin. In the early stage of diabetes, the enhancement of oxidative stress in the retina induced the adaptive activation of the nuclear factor E2-associated factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Treatment of curcumin alleviated the compensatory activation of the Nrf2 pathway induced by oxidative stress, by virtue of its antioxidant ability to transfer hydrogen atoms to free radicals. When curcumin combined with insulin, the effect of maintaining Nrf2 pathway homeostasis in diabetic rats was better than that of insulin alone. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that curcumin either alone, or combined with insulin, inhibited the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway and the extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction in the diabetic retina. Thus, at the early stage of diabetes, curcumin can be used to alleviate diabetic retinal injury through its anti-oxidative effect. If taking curcumin as a potential complementary therapeutic option in combination with antihyperglycemic agents, which would lead to more effective therapeutic outcomes against diabetic complications.
Gut Microbiota Was Involved in the Process of Liver Injury During Intra-Abdominal Hypertension
Authors: Zhao Zeyu , Guo Zhengchang , Yin Zhengliang , Qiu Yue , Zhou Bo 
Published: December 2021

Background: Intestinal damage caused by intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) can lead to the ectopic gut microbiota, which can contribute to liver injury via portal veins. Therefore, it is speculated that gut microbiota disorder caused by IAH/ACS may result in liver injury. The relationship between gut microbiota and IAH/ACS-related liver injury was investigated in this study.Methods: A model of IAH was established in rats, and 16S rRNA sequencing was analyzed for gut microbiota in the feces of rats. The elimination of gut microbiota was completed by antibiotics gavage, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was used to change the composition of gut microbiota in rats.Results: In addition to the traditional cause of liver blood vessel compression, liver injury caused by IAH was also associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis. Gut microbiota clearance can relieve liver injury caused by IAH, while FMT from IAH-intervened rats can aggravate IAH-related liver injury.Conclusion: The gut microbiota was one of the most important factors contributing to the IAH-related liver injury, and the JNK/p38 signaling pathway was activated in this process.
Quantification of Gender Bias and Sentiment Toward Political Leaders Over 20 Years of Kenyan News Using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Pair Emma , Vicas Nikitha , Weber Ann M. , Meausoone Valerie , Zou James , Njuguna Amos , Darmstadt Gary L. 
Published: December 2021

Background: Despite a 2010 Kenyan constitutional amendment limiting members of elected public bodies to &lt; two-thirds of the same gender, only 22 percent of the 12th Parliament members inaugurated in 2017 were women. Investigating gender bias in the media is a useful tool for understanding socio-cultural barriers to implementing legislation for gender equality. Natural language processing (NLP) methods, such as word embedding and sentiment analysis, can efficiently quantify media biases at a scope previously unavailable in the social sciences.Methods: We trained GloVe and word2vec word embeddings on text from 1998 to 2019 from Kenya’s Daily Nation newspaper. We measured gender bias in these embeddings and used sentiment analysis to predict quantitative sentiment scores for sentences surrounding female leader names compared to male leader names.Results: Bias in leadership words for men and women measured from Daily Nation word embeddings corresponded to temporal trends in men and women’s participation in political leadership (i.e., parliamentary seats) using GloVe (correlation 0.8936, p = 0.0067, r2 = 0.799) and word2vec (correlation 0.844, p = 0.0169, r2 = 0.712) algorithms. Women continue to be associated with domestic terms while men continue to be associated with influence terms, for both regular gender words and female and male political leaders’ names. Male words (e.g., he, him, man) were mentioned 1.84 million more times than female words from 1998 to 2019. Sentiment analysis showed an increase in relative negative sentiment associated with female leaders (p = 0.0152) and an increase in positive sentiment associated with male leaders over time (p = 0.0216).Conclusion: Natural language processing is a powerful method for gaining insights into and quantifying trends in gender biases and sentiment in news media. We found evidence of improvement in gender equality but also a backlash from increased female representation in high-level governmental leadership.
Association Between Sense of Coherence and Health Outcomes at 10 and 20 Years Follow-Up: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study in Germany
Authors: Dziuba Anna , Krell-Roesch Janina , Schmidt Steffen C. E. , Bös Klaus , Woll Alexander 
Published: December 2021

Background: The sense of coherence (SOC) is reported to influence health, but health may also have an impact on SOC. The objective of this study was to examine the longitudinal associations between SOC and selected self-reported and physician-assessed health outcomes over a period of 10 and 20 years and to determine the predominant direction of the associations.Methods: We conducted a population-based, longitudinal study, involving 392 participants (188 females and 204 males; mean age 43.01 years) who were followed for a median of 10 and 18 years. Analyses of variance were carried out to examine the longitudinal associations between SOC at baseline and health outcomes (i.e., self-rated health status, SHS; physical health status assessed by a physician, PHS; self-reported satisfaction with life, SWL) at follow-ups. The direction of associations was examined using a cross-lagged model on correlation coefficients.Results: There were significant group effects for SOC at baseline on SHS at 20-year follow-up (F = 4.09, p = 0.018, ηp2 = 0.041), as well as on SWL at 10-year (F = 12.67, p &lt; 0.01, ηp2 = 0.072) and at 20-year follow-up (F = 8.09, p &lt; 0.1, ηp2 = 0.069). SHS (r = 0.238, p &lt; 0.01), PHS (r = −0.140, p &lt; 0.05) and SWL (r = 0.400, p &lt; 0.01) predicted SOC at 10-year follow-up stronger than vice versa. The direction of associations between SOC and health parameters at 20-year follow-up was less consistent.Conclusions: The long-term associations between SOC and self-reported and physician-assessed health may be reciprocal in community-dwelling adults. More research is needed to examine the predictive power of health on SOC and whether interventions targeted at improving health parameters, may impact SOC.
Machine Learning Applications for the Prediction of Bone Cement Leakage in Percutaneous Vertebroplasty
Authors: Li Wenle , Wang Jiaming , Liu Wencai , Xu Chan , Li Wanying , Zhang Kai , Su Shibin , Li Rong , Hu Zhaohui , Liu Qiang , Lu Ruogu , Yin Chengliang 
Published: December 2021

Background: Bone cement leakage is a common complication of percutaneous vertebroplasty and it could be life-threatening to some extent. The aim of this study was to develop a machine learning model for predicting the risk of cement leakage in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty. Furthermore, we developed an online calculator for clinical application.Methods: This was a retrospective study including 385 patients, who had osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture disease and underwent surgery at the Department of Spine Surgery, Liuzhou People's Hospital from June 2016 to June 2018. Combing the patient's clinical characteristics variables, we applied six machine learning (ML) algorithms to develop the predictive models, including logistic regression (LR), Gradient boosting machine (GBM), Extreme gradient boosting (XGB), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT) and Multilayer perceptron (MLP), which could predict the risk of bone cement leakage. We tested the results with ten-fold cross-validation, which calculated the Area Under Curve (AUC) of the six models and selected the model with the highest AUC as the excellent performing model to build the web calculator.Results: The results showed that Injection volume of bone cement, Surgery time and Multiple vertebral fracture were all independent predictors of bone cement leakage by using multivariate logistic regression analysis in the 385 observation subjects. Furthermore, Heatmap revealed the relative proportions of the 15 clinical variables. In bone cement leakage prediction, the AUC of the six ML algorithms ranged from 0.633 to 0.898, while the RF model had an AUC of 0.898 and was used as the best performing ML Web calculator (https://share.streamlit.io/liuwencai0/pvp_leakage/main/pvp_leakage) was developed to estimate the risk of bone cement leakage that each patient undergoing vertebroplasty.Conclusion: It achieved a good prediction for the occurrence of bone cement leakage with our ML model. The Web calculator concluded based on RF model can help orthopedist to make more individual and rational clinical strategies.
The Independent Prognostic Effect of Lymph Node Dissection on Patients With Stage IA NSCLC With Different T Stages
Authors: Zhao Dechang , Zhang Rusi , Yang Longjun , Huang Zirui , Lin Yongbin , Wen Yingsheng , Zhang Xuewen , Wang Gongming , Guo Guangran , Yu Xiangyang , Wang Weidong , Xi Kexing , Zhang Lanjun 
Published: December 2021

Background: Currently, the extent of lymph node evaluation necessary for patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial according to the latest ESMO and NCCN guidelines. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the survival effect of different numbers of lymph nodes examined (LNE) and regions of lymph nodes removed (LNR) in patients with stage IA NSCLC.Method: All patients with stage IA NSCLC undergoing lobectomy or bilobectomy were selected from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database. The number of LNE and LNR were stratified into 4 groups (0, 1–2, 3–8, and ≥9 lymph nodes) and 3 groups (0, 1–3, and ≥4 regions) respectively. Additionally, the survival curves of overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were plotted and compared with the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Independent prognostic clinicopathological factors were evaluated via Cox proportional hazard regression and subgroup analysis.Results: Totally, 12,490 patients with stage IA NSCLC were enrolled in our study. Patients with ≥9 LNE and ≥4 LNR in both the T1b and T1c stages consistently demonstrated the significantly best OS and CSS outcomes. In the multivariate analysis, patients with ≥9 LNE consistently had a significantly better CSS [hazards ration (HR) (95% CI):0.539 (0.438–0.663)], and those with ≥4 LNR consistently had a significantly better OS [HR (95% CI):0.678 (0.476–0.966)]. Furthermore, ≥9 LNE and ≥4 LNR were associated with better survival in most subgroups.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that ≥9 LNE and ≥4 LNR are highly recommended for stage IA2 and stage IA3 patients but optional for stage IA1 patients.
Tareas docentes para desarrollar la habilidad modelar el experimento químico en la asignatura química general
Authors: Cruz López Yuniusky , Fernández Leyva Jorge Laudelino , Borrero Springer Regla Ywalkis , Salas Gainza Maricel Trinidad 
Published: December 2021

En la formación de profesores de Química resulta indispensable desarrollar habilidades que contribuyan mediante el experimento químico al logro de los objetivos propuestos en el modelo del profesional. En el presente artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación pedagógica que se fundamentó en su carácter teórico-práctico desde el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la disciplina Química General, aplicando métodos empíricos y teóricos como el Histórico-Lógico, Sistematización Teórica, Método de observación, entre otros. El objetivo estuvo centrado en la elaboración y aplicación de tareas docentes para contribuir al desarrollo de la habilidad modelar el experimento químico de esta disciplina en la Universidad de Las Tunas. Se concibieron las tareas también desde una óptica integradora y problemática, transitando desde niveles de desempeño reproductivos hasta creativos. La introducción de estas tareas en la práctica escolar contribuyó a elevar la calidad del proceso formativo y alcanzar niveles superiores de desarrollo de esta habilidad.

Palabras clave: habilidad, modelar, experimento químico, química general.
Determinación de caudales ecológicos en el río Cutuchi, Ecuador
Authors: Yupa Mercy Llbay , Albarrasín Paola , García Víctor M 
Published: December 2021

La legislación del Ecuador obliga a mantener un caudal ecológico para preservar los ecosistemas y la biodiversidad. Sin embargo, son pocos los ríos en el país en los que se ha establecido el flujo mínimo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el caudal ecológico en el río Cutuchi, estación hidrológica Cutuchi A.J. Yanayacu (H792), mediante los métodos: Caudal de permanencia, Suizo, Tennant, Rafael Heras y Referencial. Adicionalmente, se comparó con el caudal ecológico al 10% del caudal medio mensual multianual establecido en la transitoria sexta de la ley ecuatoriana. También se analizó las tendencias del caudal y la precipitación en la cuenca alta del río Patate. Los resultados evidencian un caudal promedio anual de 9,64 m3/s para el río Cutuchi, con dos regímenes hidrológicos (avenidas y estiaje) que respondes a la distribución de las precipitaciones. La comparación de medias según la prueba de Tukey al 5%, determinó a los métodos Referenciales seguidos de Tennant, como adecuados para la sobrevivencia de la vida acuática en el río. De igual manera, los caudales estimados fueron superiores al caudal mínimo observado para el periodo 1990-2014. El análisis de tendencia mediante la prueba estadística de Mann-Kendall evidenció que el caudal anual y estacional presentaron cambios o tendencias significativas (p<0,01). Sin embargo, la precipitación no mostró cambios de aumento o disminución durante los 20 años (p<0,05=.

Palabras claves: Río Cutuchi, Caudales ecológicos, método Referencial, Tennant.

Abstract
=Ecuador's legislation requires maintaining an ecological flow to preserve ecosystems and biodiversity. However, few rivers in the country where the minimum flow has been established. The objective of this research was to determine the ecological flow in the Cutuchi River, Cutuchi A.J. Yanayacu hydrological station (H792), using the methods: Permanence Flow, Swiss, Tennant, Rafael Heras and Referential. In addition, it was compared with the ecological flow to 10% of the average monthly multi-year flow established in the transitional sixth of Ecuadorian law. Flow and precipitation trends in the upper Patate River basin were also analyzed. The results show an average annual flow of 9.64 m3/s for the Cutuchi River, with two hydrological regimes (avenues and styling) that respond to the distribution of precipitation. The comparison of means according to the Tukey test at 5%, determined the Referential methods followed by Tennant, as suitable for the survival of aquatic life in the river. Similarly, the estimated flow rates were higher than the minimum flow observed for the period 1990-2014. Trend analysis using Mann-Kendall's statistical test showed that annual and seasonal flow showed significant changes or trends (p<0.01). However, precipitation showed no changes in increase or decrease during the 20 years (p<0.05=.

Keywords: Cutuchi River, Ecological flows, Reference method, Tennant.
Análisis de Correspondencias Múltiple para Describir el Comportamiento Proambiental del Ciudadano de Manabí-Ecuador para el Año 2018
Authors: Cruz Macías Bryan Alejandro , Useche Lelly 
Published: December 2021

El presente estudio propone describir un perfil del ciudadano manabita con respecto al comportamiento proambiental con un enfoque multivariante. Para la elaboración de la descripción del perfil se trabajó con una muestra obtenida mediante un muestreo probabilístico polietápico elaborado por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censo del Ecuador, sobre la información de hogares del año 2018 mediante la Encuesta Nacional Multipropósito, en la que se seleccionaron diferentes variables referentes a las condiciones de vidas y problemas ambientales que puedan perturbar sus condiciones de vida y salud. Mediante el análisis de correspondencias múltiples se pudo observar que el perfil del ciudadano manabita con respecto al comportamiento proambiental es muy bajo: se caracteriza en que entre un 66,2% y un 95,1% no clasifican los residuos ni orgánicos ni inorgánicos. Con respecto a los problemas ambientales en la comunidad donde viven, las estadísticas muestran entre un 57,2% y un 72,8% y favorables a la conservación del ambiente, se determinaron tres grupos de ciudadanos proambientalistas. La técnica de análisis de correspondencias múltiples permitió definir perfiles proambientales en los ciudadanos.

Palabra clave: Perfil proambiental, Encuesta Nacional Multipropósito, Correspondencias Múltiples, Ecuador.

Abstract

The present study proposes to describe a profile of the Manabí citizen with respect to pro-environmental behavior with a multivariate approach. For the elaboration of the description of the profile, a sample obtained through a polyethapic probability sampling elaborated by the National Institute of Statistics and Census of Ecuador. This was based on the information of households of the year 2018 through the National Multipurpose Survey, where different variables referring to living conditions and environmental problems that could disturb their living conditions and terminating health were selected. Through the multiple correspondence analysis it was observed that the profile of the Manabí citizen with respect to environmental behavior is very low. They are characterized in that between 66.2% and 95.1% do not classify the waste as neither organic nor inorganic. With regard to environmental problems in the community where they live, the statistics between 57.2% and 72.8% are favorable to the conservation of the environment, three groups of pro-environmental citizens were determined. The technique of multiple correspondence analysis allowed defining pro-environmental profiles in citizens.

Keywords: Pro-environmental profile, National Multipurpose Survey, Multiple Correspondences, Ecuador.
El Lawfare. Golpes de Estado en nombre de la ley
Authors: Burgos Matamoros Mylai 
Published: December 2021

Reseña de Libro

El Lawfare. Golpes de Estado en nombre de la ley es el trabajo más reciente de la colega Arantxa Tirado Sánchez sobre las guerras jurídicas, llevadas a cabo en el marco de las guerras híbridas, dentro de sus mecanismos no convencionales.
El libro es un texto contundente. Por su rigor analítico y brindarnos al detalle los elementos genealógicos de construcción de estos procesos geopolíticos sin pensar en manuales ni fórmulas acabadas. A la vez, abarcador, porque nos lleva de la mano ejemplificando desde la realidad política cómo el derecho ha sido un medio fundamental de guerra no convencional contra líderes políticos de gobiernos progresistas y de izquierdas en América Latina, fenómeno más conocido con el término de LAWFARE.
El objetivo principal de la investigación pretende demostrar al “lawfare como un arma al servicio de la reconfiguración de la correlación de fuerzas en este sistema internacional de posguerra fría, en el que Estados Unidos ve su hegemonía declinar” (Tirado; 2021:26). No es un texto técnico jurídico, es un profundo análisis político, en el marco de las relaciones internacionales con transversalidad en la geopolítica.
Aerobiología en hospitales de Guayaquil: microorganismos resistentes a cobre
Authors: Banchón Carlos , Borodulina Tamara , Diaz Linda , Yasuji Amano 
Published: December 2021

The present work reports the presence of bacteria and fungi in particulate matter suspended in the exterior of three hospitals in Guayaquil, during the month of March 2019, winter time. The isolated microbial diversity was tolerant to a toxic copper concentration of 3.1 mM. From the particulate material, a greater number of bacterial than fungal species was isolated. However, the fungal species found are related to nosocomial diseases. This is a seed study that aims to lay the foundations for the characterization of microbial diversity through bioprospecting studies, based on aerodynamic factors (wind speed), climatic factors (temperature and relative humidity) and physical composition (content of dust in the air) to correlate the viability of formation of bioaerosols in particulate material in Guayaquil hospitals. Therefore, one of the objectives of the present work is the investigation of the influence of the heavy metal copper in the formulations of culture media to evaluate the microbial tolerance. And due to the potential risk of lack of air control in health institutions, the main objective of the present work is to evaluate the growth conditions of microorganisms present in the suspended particulate material surrounding three hospitals in Guayaquil.

Index Terms—nosocomial, pathogens, airborne, SEM