bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Possibilities of phyto preparations in treatment of patients with acute cough
Authors: Svistushkin V. M. , Nikiforova G. N. , Zolotova A. V. , Novtseva E. S. 
Published: December 2021

Patients with complaints of coughing make up a significant percentage of doctors in various specialties. Cough is not an independent disease, in most clinical cases it is a symptom of a respiratory disease. In acute respiratory pathology, the cough is usually short-lived and stops after the eradication of the infectious agent and the relief of inflammatory changes. It is important therapeutically to provide a reduction in the duration and relief of cough, as well as the prevention of complications. An effective symptomatic agent in the treatment of coughs of various origins, including inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract, are herbal preparations. The fairly widespread use of phytopreparations in clinical practice is due to their high safety, physiological action, availability and effectiveness. The pharmacological action of these drugs in respiratory infections is manifested by antiinflammatory, cytoprotective, antiviral and antioxidant effects, multifactorial improvement of mucociliary cleansing processes. One of these phytopreparations is a monocomponent syrup with expectorant, mucolytic and antispasmodic. The therapeutic effect of drug is explained by the presence in the composition of triterpene glycosides (saponins) from the leaves of Hedera helix . The effectiveness and safety of drug is proved by a sufficient volume of clinical studies and observations. Literature data show that Hedera helix leaf preparations significantly reduce the severity of acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract.Virtually none of the patients had severe side effects. Allergic reactions were recorded in less than 0.5% of cases, with no mention of a severe allergic reaction of the anaphylaxis type. Thus, the drug of plant origin in the form of drops can be successfully used in patients with symptoms of acute respiratory diseases.
From clinical guidelines to practice. Clinical experience in treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Ovchinnikov A. Y. , Miroshnichenko N. A. , Khon E. M. , Jimsheleishvili N. P. , Simsovа V. A. , Nikolaeva Yu. O. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Antihistamines are the most commonly prescribed class of medications for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). However, they are also widely used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs. One such drug is levocytirizine, (R) an enantiomer of cetirizine, which is a selective antagonist of peripheral histamine H1-receptors. This article analyzes the properties of levocytirizine in terms of safety and efficacy in allergic rhinitis.Aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of levocetirizine in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) versus placebo, and safety for patients with allergic rhinitis.Materials and methods. In this, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 52 patients with year-round allergic rhinitis and 28 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were randomized to receive levocetirizine 5 mg/day once or placebo. Mean overall measures of five symptoms (nasal congestion, nasal itching, itchy eyes, rhinorrhea, and sneezing) were compared between treatment groups at 1, 2, and 4 weeks. All individual symptom scores were also examined.Results. Levocetirizine showed a significant improvement in the condition of patients with CAR and SAR over the entire treatment period compared to placebo. Assessment of individual symptoms showed statistically significant differences in favor of levocetirizine. Conclusion. Levocetirizine is an effective, safe, and well-tolerated drug for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.
Prospects for the use of bacterial lysates in the complex therapy of chronic adenoiditis
Authors: Dubinets I. D. , Korkmazov A. M. , Angelovich M. S. , Solodovnik A. V. , Mirzagaliev D. M. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Adenotomy is a common surgical procedure in childhood. In children with recurrent infections of the respiratory tract, hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil, a sign of lymphoproliferative syndrome of a secondary immunodeficiency state, is characterized by reduced adaptive abilities of mucosal immunity with impaired biocenosis in chronic inflammation. Pharyngeal tonsil surgery is considered stressful in frequently ill children and therefore requires preoperative preparation. In this context, it is relevant to study the nature of changes in the factors of mucosal immunity in terms of cell destruction in the nasal secretion in the complex treatment of children with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil and chronic adenoiditis, as prevention of complications in the postoperative period of adenotomy.Aim. To increase the effectiveness of the treatment of chronic adenoiditis in children with recurrent infections of the respiratory tract using the combined effect of low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation with monochromatic unpolarized light and bacterial lysates.Materials and methods. In order to test the hypothesis about the possibility of canceling adenotomy in 77 children aged 3-6 years with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil, accompanied by chronic inflammation. The effectiveness of the complex treatment was assessed by the functional and metabolic status of nonspecific resistance factors in the nasal lavage.Results and discussion. The combined effect of low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation with photochromotherapy and bacterial lysates leads to the normalization of pathophysiological changes on the surface of the mucous membrane, leading to a balance of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the functional-metabolic status of NG, which makes it possible to postpone adenotomy. The best clinical result is observed when bacterial lysates are used in complex therapy in combination with physiotherapy in children with chronic adenoiditis and, to a certain extent, substantiate the advisability of a combined effect as a non-invasive and effective method.Conclusions. Topical bacteriolysate in a complex treatment regimen for children with recurrent infections of the respiratory tract against a background of chronic inflammation eliminates bacterial antigens and enhances the intrinsic defenses of the mucous membrane of the pharyngeal tonsil.
Gender characteristics of gout and differences in response to taking xanthioxidase inhibitors
Authors: Tsurko V. V. , Gromova M. A. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction. To date, there is no consensus regarding the gender characteristics of the course of gout. There is little data on the possible difference between men and women in response to uric acid-lowering therapy.Aim. To compare the clinical characteristics of the course of gout and evaluate the differences in response to urate-lowering therapy (ULT) with allopurinol and febuxostat in men and women.Material and methods. The retrospective cohort study included 279 men and 83 women diagnosed with gout (ACR/EULAR, 2015). The comparative analysis of the clinical characteristics of gout, as well as responses to the intake of xanthioxidase (XO) inhibitors in representatives of different sexes, was carried out. We compared the gender characteristics of obtaining a positive response to ULT, defined as achieving a target serum uric acid (sUA) level of < 360 μmol / l within 6 months of treatment, while taking allopurinol and febuxostat.Results. By the age at which the onset of gout took place, women were older than men, the duration of the disease in them was shorter. Men showed a shorter duration of the first attack of arthritis. Chronic arthritis was diagnosed in 56% of men and 35% of women (p < 0.05). The process involved the joints of both the lower and upper extremities. However, more often the joints of the lower extremities were affected in men, and in the upper extremities in women. Tophus were detected in 35% of patients, of whom 30.3% were men, 4.7% were women (p < 0.05). Allopurinol was prescribed to 216 men and 54 women, and febuxostat was prescribed to 63 men and 29 women. After six months, the proportion of women who achieved the target sUA was 57.5% and 65.8%, the proportion of men – 60.4% and 76.2% for allopurinol and febuxostat, respectively.Conclusion. The clinical manifestations of gout in men and women differ. Due to the pronounced increase in the level of uric acid, men develop more severe joint damage due to the tendency to chronicity. However, the study did not reveal gender differences in the response to XO inhibitors, which indicates that there is no need to choose therapy depending on the patient’s gender.
Fault detection method based on an automated operating envelope during transient states for the large turbomachinery
Authors: Barszcz Tomasz , Zabaryłło Mateusz 
Published: December 2021

In the energy generation business steam powered turbo-generators still play an important role in electrical power generation all over the world. Every facility using steam turbines considers them as the critical machinery. Such machines should be well-maintained, properly handled, and precisely diagnosed in order to achieve the best performance and safety. The most valued data about the technical health are collected during machine’s shut-downs and run-ups. These data are more than seldom and hard to assess without expert’s knowledge with strong theoretical background and experience. Main novelty of the paper is the automated method for novelty detection of machine’s vibration. Most proposed methods apply to smaller machines with rolling bearings, whereas we propose the method for large machines with sliding bearings, which have much different behavior. The application of the method is support of the plant maintenance staff to evaluate deviations of turbo-sets from a healthy state based on the concept which we called the Operating Envelope. The envelope is created based on the data from a vibration sensor during the transient state. In this paper we consider a single vibration sensor and only the first harmonic amplitude of this signal. To set the acceptance limits within which turbo-set’s dynamic response will be considered as acceptable, we used the cubic spline interpolation coupled with expert judgement. Beyond these limits the state of the turbo-set is considered as unhealthy, so it is an automated fault detection method. In such a case a machine should be a subject to further and deeper diagnostic analysis. The method was validated on the data from the 13K242 type (a 200 MW class turbine) steam turbine. We also proposed a set of parameters to evaluate the severity of malfunction.
Numerical simulation study on collinear EFP from warhead with double layer liners penetrating into target
Authors: Zhang Fangyu , Zhao Changxiao , Feng Weitao , Ji Chong , Lin Sunlang , Wang Xin 
Published: December 2021

In order to improve the penetration efficiency of the traditional explosively formed projectile (EFP) warhead, a new warhead with double layer liners formed collinear EFP was designed. In order to get the law of its formation and penetration into different type target, the process of the collinear EFP from warhead with double layer liners forming and penetrating into targets was simulated by using LS-DYNA software. It is obtained that the double layer liners formed two EFPs with different axial velocities under the action of detonation wave, and the velocity of the front EFP is higher than that of the rear EFP, which makes the front EFP and rear EFP separation during the flight, so it can effectively attack the reactive armor. For finite thickness target, the front EFP can effectively penetrate the hole on the target, and the rear EFP will enlarge the hole. For infinite thickness target, the collinear EFP can effectively increase the penetration depth. Compared with the single EFP, the collinear EFP from warhead with double layer liners can increase the penetration depth by 36 %.
Comparison of Preclinical Coursework Perception Among Dental Students from India and the Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Batra Manu , Ambarkova Vesna , Gijwani Deeksha , Popli Hansika , Stavreva Natasa , Apostolska Sonja , Narang Niharika , Mutneja Tamanna , Jankulovska Mira , Ivanovski Kiro 
Published: December 2021

Background. The difference in the preclinical curriculum and teaching methodology between European and Southeast Asian countries has a great influence on the process of choosing which education model is predominant and, therefore, students’ opinion on the effectiveness of a preclinical coursework is diverse.
The objective of the research was to assess the perception of the preclinical coursework in prosthodontics, conservative dentistry, and endodontics among Indian and North Macedonian students.
Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional comparative study was carried out among 3rd-year students, final-year students and interns of dental schools of two respective countries. The data were collected in July 2021 using Google Form, a link to which was sent via available social media platforms. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSSv.21.0 (IBM) software.
Results. The data on dental students’ perception of the preclinical coursework were obtained, analyzed, compared, and discussed. A total of 50% of Indian students stated preclinical exercises to be good to get knowledge about treating patients, whereas 47% of North Macedonian students felt the average level of knowledge needed for treating patient.
Conclusions. In this study, the majority of the students were in favor of attending the preclinical course and understood its importance for building up their confidence, better understanding of the subject and better patient handling in future dental practice. However, there were different students’ opinions on the course content, its duration, exercises, faculty interaction, helpfulness of theory lectures that evidence essentiality to view dental studies from a student-centered perspective.
Direct Access for Patients to Diagnostic Testing and Results Using eHealth: Systematic Review on eHealth and Diagnostics
Authors: Versluis Anke , Schnoor Kyma , Chavannes Niels H , Talboom-Kamp Esther PWA 
Published: December 2021

Background
The number of people with chronic diseases and the subsequent pressure on health care is increasing. eHealth technology for diagnostic testing can contribute to more efficient health care and lower workload.

Objective
This systematic review examines the available methods for direct web-based access for patients to diagnostic testing and results in the absence of a health care professional in primary care.

Methods
We searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciences, Cochrane Library, Emcare, and Academic Search Premier databases in August 2019 and updated in July 2021. The included studies focused on direct patient access to web-based triage leading to diagnostic testing, self-sampling or testing, or web-based communication of test results. A total of 45 studies were included. The quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.

Results
Most studies had a quantitative descriptive design and discussed a combination of services. Diagnostic test services mainly focused on sexually transmitted infections. Overall, the use was high for web-based triage (3046/5000, >50%, who used a triage booked a test), for self-sampling or self-testing kits (83%), and the result service (85%). The acceptability of the test services was high, with 81% preferring home-based testing over clinic-based testing. There was a high rate of follow-up testing or treatment after a positive test (93%).

Conclusions
The results show that direct access to testing and result services had high use rates, was positively evaluated, and led to high rates of follow-up treatment. More research on cost-effectiveness is needed to determine the potential for other diseases. Direct access to diagnostic testing can lower the threshold for testing in users, potentially increase efficiency, and lower the workload in primary care.
Effects of Aerobic Exercise and High-Intensity Interval Training on the Mental Health of Adolescents Living in Poverty: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Poon Kean 
Published: December 2021

Background
The increasing rate of mental health issues among adolescents has recently been a considerable concern in Hong Kong. In particular, adolescents with low socioeconomic status (SES) are likely to experience poor mental health, including low self-esteem and high levels of anxiety, anger, and depression. Previous research has found that physical activities have a positive impact on improving mental health outcomes among adolescents. However, approximately 96% of adolescents in Hong Kong do not engage in regular exercise, which potentially increases the risk of poor mental health.

Objective
In this study, we aim to examine whether changes in the 3 indicators (reduced ill-being, enhanced well-being, and cognitive functions) of mental health among adolescents with low SES are evident before and after exercise. In addition, this study compares the effectiveness of aerobic exercise and high-intensity interval training on these indicators among adolescents with low SES.

Methods
A total of 78 participants from low-income families aged between 12 and 15 years from 3 to 4 secondary schools will be recruited for this study. They will be randomly assigned to either an aerobic exercise group (26/78, 33%), a high-intensity interval training group (26/78, 33%), or a control group (26/78, 33%). Participants in the first 2 groups will take part in a 10-week training program period. Participants in the control group will participate in other physical activities during the same intervention period. The training sessions will be conducted 3 times per week on nonconsecutive days. A range of neuropsychological tests and psychometric scales will be used to measure the executive functions and indicators of psychological well-being and ill-being, including enjoyment, self-efficacy, mood, depression, anxiety, and stress at pretest, posttest, and follow-up assessments.

Results
The project was funded in 2021 by the Research Matching Grant Scheme, through the University Grants Committee of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government. Ethical approval has been obtained from the author’s institution. Participant recruitment will begin in January 2022 and continue through to April 2022. Data collection and follow-up are expected to be completed by the end of 2022. The results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2023.

Conclusions
The findings will help inform policy makers and practitioners in promoting the importance of physical exercise to enhance mental health.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT050293888; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT05029388

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/34915
Spherical data validation of rock discontinuities orientation from Drone-derived 3D Point Clouds
Authors: Mancera-Alejandrez Javier , Macías-Medrano Sergio , Villarreal-Rubio Enrique , Solano-Rojas Dario 
Published: December 2021

This work presents a methodology for the statistical validation of discontinuity surfaces obtained from point clouds using digital photogrammetry from drones. Our methodology allows you to review the quality of the data obtained with photogrammetry and decide whether these measurements are representative of the discontinuity surfaces that they analyze. It consists of three steps, the first one being a shape analysis that allows defining which statistical model should be used: Fisher for circularly symmetric clusters or Bingham fits better for axially symmetric clusters. This step also makes the most significant difference to other works since our methodology starts from the premise that not all discontinuity surfaces are flat. Therefore, Fisher parameters do not allow validating data that do not correspond to a plane.
In the second step of the methodology, we calculate the consistency parameters that depend on the statistical model defined in step 1. The parameters are similar for both models; both estimate κ which indicates how much the sample is concentrated around the mean orientation and validates the existence of this and which is the value of the generating angle of a cone with a 95 % confidence limit that it contains within the mean orientation.
Finally, step 3 is used when there are control measurements to compare the point cloud data and define if both samples characterize the same discontinuity surface in the rock mass.
The results obtained on a rock outcrop allowed us to observe that the measurements obtained from the drone faithfully represent the discontinuity surface analyzed when these were compared with the measurements made manually with the compass. Furthermore, the dispersion parameters (
Determining The Relationship Between Exercise Dependence And Narcissism Levels Of Athletes
Authors: Abdullah Altunhan  , Ünsal Tazegül  
Published: December 2021

There exist a positive relationship between exercise and narcissistic personality. Athletes who develop narcissistic personality traits wanted to be trained continuously to be successful. As a result, they become addicted to exercise. Athletes with narcissistic personalities should seek help from experts so that they do not become addicted to exercise. Narcissistic people tend to be addicted to exercise. Narcissistic athletes should be constantly checked by their trainers to prevent them from becoming exercise addicts.There are currently limited investigations that have examined the relationship between narcissistic personality traits and exercise dependence. The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between exercise dependence levels and narcissistic personalities of male athletes in wrestling, weight lifting, and body building. In this study, narcissistic personality inventory and exercise dependence scale were used as a data collection tool. Statistical software (SPSS 20 version) was used to analyze the data. It was observed that the data is normally distributed and homogeneous. Descriptive statistical analysis and Spearman correlation analysis were used to determine the direction and severity of the relationship between the variables. The study group consisted of 25 wrestlers, 23 weight-lifters, and 14 bodybuilders who achieved the first 3 ranks in Turkey Championships. As a result of descriptive statistical analysis, dropping exercise scores of athletes were as 3.866, sustainability scores were as 2.806, tolerance scores were as 4.634, lack of control scores was as 1.634, decrease in other activities scores was as 1.581, duration scores were as 4,796, intention effect scores were as 2.753, total exercise addiction scores were as 3.153 and narcissism scores were determined as 8,048. At the end of the study, it was determined that the athletes under the sample had a relationship between narcissism and exercise addiction levels. According to descriptive statistical analysis, wrestlers were observed to get the highest scores in lack of control, sustainability, dropping exercise sub-dimensions.