bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Menstrual hygiene practice and its determinants among Adolescent Girls in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Anbesu Etsay Woldu , Aychiluhm Setognal Birara 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Poor menstrual hygiene practices can lead to gynecological problems, psychosocial stress, and reduced access to school. Menstrual hygiene has not received adequate attention in Sub-Saharan Africa. Moreover, there are fragmented and inconsistent findings. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of menstrual hygiene practice and identify its associated factors among adolescent girls in Sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: The protocol for this review had registered at PROSPERO with registration number: CRD42020165628. In this study, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline will be used to report the protocol. Online electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL and grey literature will be searched to retrieve available studies. Joanna Briggs Institute checklist will be used to assess the quality of the studies. Heterogeneity among studies will be examined using a chi-squared test and I-squared statistic. To investigate sources of heterogeneity, subgroup analyses and meta-regression will be performed. Sensitivity analysis will be conducted to identify influential studies. Publication bias will be examined by funnel plots and Egger’s test. The statistical analysis will be conducted using STATA version-14 software. A random-effect model will be used to estimate the pooled prevalence, and statistical significance will be determined at a p-value of <0.05.Discussion: Poor menstrual hygiene practice affects the health of millions of adolescent girls in developing countries. Currently, there are no meta-analysis research findings on the overall pooled prevalence of menstrual hygiene practice and its associated factor in Sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis will be used to inform policy-makers, programmers, planners, clinicians, and researchers to design appropriate strategies.
Expression Profile of RNA Binding Protein in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Huang Zhiyuan , Li Fang , Li Qinchuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: It has been demonstrated by studies globally that RNA binding proteins (RBPs) took part in the development of cervical cancer (CC). Few studies concentrated on the correlation between RBPs and overall survival of CC patients. We retrieved significant DEGs (differently expressed genes, RNA binding proteins) correlated to the process of cervical cancer development. Methods: Expressions level of genes in cervical cancer and normal tissue samples were obtained from GTEx and TCGA database. Differently expressed RNA binding proteins (DEGs) were retrieved by Wilcoxon sum-rank test. ClusterProfiler package worked in R software was used to perform GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Univariate propotional hazard cox regression and multivariate propotional hazard cox regressions were applied to identify DEGs equipped with prognostic value and other clinical independent risk factors. ROC curve was drawn for comparing the survival predict feasibility of risk score with other risk factors in CC patients. Nomogram was drawn to exhibit the prediction model and validated by C-index and calibration curve. Correlations between Differentially expressed RNA binding proteins (DEGs) and other clinical features were investigated by t test or Cruskal wallis analysis. Correlation between Immune and DEGs in cervical cancer was investigated by ssGSEA. Results: 347 differentially expressed RBPs (DEGs) were retrieved from cervical cancer tissue and normal tissue samples. GO enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs involved in RNA splicing, catabolic process and metabolism. Cox regression medel showed that there were ten DEGs significantly associated with overall survival of cervical caner patients. WDR43 (HR = 0.423, P=0.008), RBM38 (HR = 0.533, P<0.001), RNASEH2A (HR=0.474, P=0.002) and HENMT1 (HR=0.720, P=0.071) played protective roles in survival among these ten genes. Stage (Stage IV vs Stage I HR = 3.434, P<0.001) and risk score (HR = 1.214, P< 0.001) were sorted as independent prognostic risk factors based on multivariate cox regression. ROC curve validated that risk score was preferable to predict survival of CC patients than other risk factors. Additionally, we found some of these ten predictor DEGs were correlated significantly in statistic with tumor grade or stage, clinical T stage, clinical N stage, pathology or risk score (all P< 0.05). Part of immune cells and immune functions showed a lower activity in high risk group than low risk group which is distincted by median risk score. Conclusion: Our discovery showed that many RNA binding proteins involved in the progress of cervical cancer, which could probably serve as prognostic biomarkers and accelerate the discovery of treatment targets for CC patients.
Pan-Cancer Analysis of Molecular Characteristics and Oncogenic Role of PRMT5 in Human Cancers
Authors: Liu He , Huang Lexi , Jia Kunpeng , Pan Xiaohua 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence supports the correlation of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and cancers development. However, the expression and prognostic values of PRMT5 in various cancers have not been clarified. Methods Here, based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, we performed a pan-cancer analysis to explore the expression profile , prognostic value landscape, relationship with tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and potential molecular mechanisms of PRMT5 in cancer development. Moreover, CCK8, wound healing and transwell assays, and western blotting analysis were conducted to evaluate how PRMT5 affects the proliferation and migration, and expression of related hallmarks in breast cancer cells. Results We found that PRMT5 was upregulated in most cancers and PRMT5 harbored distinct prognostic values across different cancer types. In addition, PRMT5 expression was negatively correlated with CD8 + T cells in tumors of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CSEC) and Skin Cutaneous Melanoma (SKCM), and positively correlated with the cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumors of adrenocortical carcinoma, CESC, cholangio carcinoma, liver hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and SKCM-Primary. Moreover, the enrichment analysis identified that PRMT5 mechanistically regulated cancers development by acting on DNA and RNA metabolism, and stress response related pathways. By further gene silencing experiment, we confirmed tha t PRMT5 knockdown reduced the proliferative and migrative capacities, as well as the expression of PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen), p21 and HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1 protein) in breast cancer cells. Conclusion Collectively, our pan-cancer study highlighted the importance value of PRMT5 in cancer development and prognosis, and pharmacologic targeting at PRMT5 may provide a novel approach for the treatment of cancers.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Ophthalmic Presentations to an Australian Outer Metropolitan and Rural Emergency Department: A Retrospective Comparative Study
Authors: Leung King Fai Calvin , Golzan Mojtaba , Egodage Chaminda , Rodda Simon , Cracknell Richard , Macken Peter , Kaushik Shweta 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
To analyse ophthalmic presentations to an outer metropolitan and a rural emergency department (ED) during the COVID-19 pandemic in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.
Methods
A retrospective comparative study of ophthalmic emergency presentations to Campbelltown Hospital (fifth busiest NSW metropolitan ED; population 310,000) and Bowral and District Hospital (rural ED; population 48,000) before and during COVID-19 was conducted. Patient demographics, triage category, referral source, diagnosis, length of stay, departure status, and follow-up location were assessed from coding data between March 1st to May 31st in 2019 and 2020, corresponding to the peak case numbers and restrictions during COVID-19 in NSW. Differences before and during COVID-19 were analysed using chi-squared tests or independent sample t-tests.
Results
There was no change in ophthalmic presentations at Campbelltown (n = 228 in 2019 vs. n = 232 in 2020; +1.75%, p = 0.12) and an increase at Bowral (n = 100 in 2019 vs. n = 111 in 2020; +11%, p < 0.01) during COVID-19. Urgent ophthalmic presentations (Triage Category 3) decreased at Bowral (p = 0.0075), while non-urgent ophthalmic presentations (Triage Category 5) increased at both hospitals (Campbelltown p < 0.05, Bowral p < 0.01).
Conclusions
An upward and varied trend in ophthalmic presentations to an outer metropolitan and a rural ED was observed. Heterogeneous ophthalmic presentation trends at peripheral EDs suggest that a high demand for ophthalmic services remained. A flexible healthcare delivery strategy, such as tele-ophthalmology, may optimise patient care during and after COVID-19.
Study on the Method of Enucleation of Anterior Uterine Fibroids by Transverse Incision of Lower Uterine Segment During Cesarean Section
Authors: Xia Li , Lin Jinxiao , Xu Rongli , You Wenqiang , Dai Yan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction:

A retrospective study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness and feasibility of enucleation fibroids of the anterior wall of the uterus by transverse incision of the uterus at the same time during cesarean section.
Methods

The medical history, surgical data, preoperative and postoperative blood system changes and complications of 90 pregnant women who underwent myomectomy of the anterior uterine wall during cesarean section in the second Department of Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Fujian Province were analyzed retrospectively.
Results

There was no significant difference in the number of leiomyoma, pathological type, preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin, incidence of perioperative bleeding, frequency of blood transfusion, incidence of postoperative fever, uterine involution and lochia between the study group and the control group. The proportion of large fibroids in the study group was slightly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05), and the operation time and average hospitalization time in the study group were slightly longer than that in the control group (p < 0.05).The distribution of type III-V fibroids in the study group was slightly more than that in the control group (p < 0.05), and the distribution of type VI fibroids in the study group was less than that in the control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion

It is safe and effective to enucleate the fibroids of the anterior wall of the uterus through the lower uterine transverse incision in cesarean section. Potential to reduce the risk of pelvic adhesion and intrauterine adhesion in the future, so that some patients avoid the risk of reoperation.
Spheroid Culture Models Imitating the Tumor Microenvironment of Renal and Melanoma Cancer
Authors: Filipiak Aleksandra , Klaudia Brodaczewska , Aleksandra Majewska , Claudine Kieda 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background:Tumor development studies need higher degree of adaptation to the cancer cells specific mechanisms of plasticity in connection with their microenvironment. It appears that standard two-dimensional (2D) cultures and gas composition are not relevant to the real cancer environment. Existing three-dimensional (3D) models are often requiring difficult sophisticated conditions. Methods:Two distinct cancer models were chosen: melanoma (B16F10) and kidney cancer (RenCa) for their different biological reactions in terms of cancer progression. We proposed 3D method which brings simplicity, reproducibility and remarkable mimicry of the in vivo tumor reactions. We characterize and compare the 3D models with standard 2D culture in normoxic and hypoxic condition, depending on presence of hypoxia related genes/proteins and aggressiveness mechanism (EMT- Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition and CSC- Cancer Stem Cells). We validate proposed 3D method by comparing it with in vivo obtained tumors. Results:The spheroid formation by both lines indicated a strong potency of melanoma cells to form and grow in 3D structures. These spheroid-growing cells reached a cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and showed the formation of a hypoxic core while a similar development time produced renal cancer (RCC) 3D cells in growing phase and delayed hypoxia, as shown by hypoxia-related genes/proteins expression. A comparable response to hypoxia was observed in 3D spheroids and in vivo tumors for both lines as opposed to monolayer cultures. RCC model showed induction of CSC characteristic whereas, melanoma spheres contribute to EMT-related mechanism. Such distinction in the use of separate aggressiveness-leading pathways and response to hypoxia was observed in in vivo melanoma vs kidney tumors.Conclusion:This work shows that effects of the structural parameters and reaction to hypoxia uncover that these two cell models use distinct mechanisms to reach aggressiveness: epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem cells (CSC) by B16F10 and RenCa cells, respectively. These data on aggressiveness pathways and reaction to hypoxia confirm and validate the proposed 3D models for further design of alternative methods.
Energy Efficient Power Allocation Framework for downlink MIMO-NOMA Heterogeneous IoT network: Non-Deep Learning and Deep Learning Approaches
Authors: S DEVIPRIYA , J Martin Leo Manickam 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been considered as a key candidate technology in 5G networks. To improve the system efficiency of 5G systems, the design and principles of Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) can be adopted into NOMA. MIMO helps to improve the performance gain without the requirement of additional resources. In this paper, power allocation (PA) problem was investigated for downlink MIMO-NOMA systems by utilizing non-deep learning and deep learning approaches. In order to improve the energy efficiency of such MIMO-NOMA system, multi-dimensional power allocation problem was formulated which is a mixed integer non-linear programming problem. With this insight, the problem is first dealt with non-deep learning approach and it is solved by the proposed PASR (Power allocation based on shifting additional resources) scheme. This scheme is investigated with two different assumptions: fixed (F-PASR) and variable inter-cluster power (V-PASR). Finally, a machine learning framework was proposed to deal with power allocation problem. An energy efficient deep neural network model (EE-DNN) was proposed for power allocation to reduce the complexity and latency of the aforementioned problem. Extensive simulation results are provided to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed energy efficient schemes. It was clearly demonstrated that proposed F-PASR and V-PASR algorithms outperform conventional OMA (Orthogonal multiple access) scheme. It was also validated that deep learning based framework performs slightly poorer than non-deep learning schemes but with less computation time.
Role of Interleukin 6 in Prediction of Early Complications After Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy – A Pilot Study
Authors: kumarasamy Sivaraman , Kumar Hemanth , Sharma Vishal , Mandavdhare Harshal , Ram Sant , Singh Harjeet 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
INTRODUCTION:

Infectious complications following esophagectomy are associated with significant morbidity. Early prediction of these complications may mitigate significant morbidity and mortality
METHODS:

Patients undergoing minimally invasive esophagectomy for carcinoma esophagus between January 2019 to June 2020 were included in the study. All patients underwent standard preoperative investigations and preparation. Post-operative complications including infectious complications were recorded. Association of postoperative serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels with postoperative complications were analysed.
RESULTS:

A total of twenty-two participants were included in the study (median age; 51 years, 13(%) male). The tumor site was middle 1/3rd of esophagus in 13 (59.1 %), lower 1/3rd of esophagus in 9 (40.9 %). The tumor histology was squamous cell carcinoma in all patients. Eight (36.4 %) patients developed Major complications and five of them developed anastomotic leak. IL 6 levels was significantly higher on POD 3 in patients who developed major complications (p = 0.009) and anastomotic leak (p = 0.031). At receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) analysis an IL 6 cut-off level of 36.4 pg/ml on POD 3 yielded a sensitivity of 87 % and a specificity of 79 % for the prediction of major complication and cut-off level of 44.3 pg/ml on POD 3 yielded a sensitivity of 80 % and a specificity of 82 % for the prediction of anastomotic leak.
CONCLUSION:

A high postoperative IL 6 level helps in the prediction of major complications and cervical esophagogastric anastomotic leak.
Association Between the Non-HDL-Cholesterol-to-HDL-Cholesterol Ratio and 28-Day Mortality in Septic Patients: A Cohort Study Based on the eICU Collaborative Research Database
Authors: Chang Le , Chen Xinglin , Lian Cheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Dyslipidemia contributes to the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. However, the potential association between non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (nonHDLc/HDLc) ratio and mortality in septic patients is unclear.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with sepsis in the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD) from 208 distinct ICUs across the United States between 2014 and 2015. All-cause mortality within 28-days after ICU admission. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate the risk of death.Result: Of the 724 patients with a median age of 68 years, 43 (5.94%) died within 28 days after ICU admission. The association between the nonHDLc/HDLc ratio and the risk of all cause mortality was J shaped, and a high level was associated with increased risk of all cause mortality. The mortality rate increased when the nonHDLc/HDLc ratio higher than the turning point (≥3.41) with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.34 (95% CI: 1.07–1.67, P=0.010) for every 1 increment of nonHDLc/HDLc ratio. With the per-SD increase in the nonHDLc/HDLc ratio, the OR of mortality was 1.79 (95% CI: 1.15–2.80, P=0.010) when the nonHDLc/HDLc ratio was ≥3.41. The trend of sensitivity analysis was consistent with the main analysis.Conclusion: For patients with sepsis, the association between the nonHDLc/HDLc ratio and the 28-day mortality risk was J shaped. A higher level of nonHDLc/HDLc ratio was associated with an increased risk of 28-day mortality. These findings need to be confirmed in other studies.
TRIM3 Facilitates Estrogen Signaling and Modulates Breast Cancer Cell Progression
Authors: Wang Beibei , Tan Xiaojing , Wu Le , Su Peng , Li Xin , Yang Huijie , Cai Yuqing , Yang Xiao , Li Zhongbo , Yan Cheng , Xia Yan , zhang Chenmiao , Niu Zhiguo , Cao Qi , Ding Yinlu , Zhou Zhipeng , Huang Qingsong , Zhuang Ting 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer ranks NO.1 in women cancer incidence worldwide, while 70% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor (ER) alpha positive. Compared with ER alpha negative breast cancer, which is more aggressive and shorter prognosis, ER alpha positive breast cancer could be well-controlled by endocrine therapy. Most of ER alpha positive breast cancer patients could benefit from selective ER alpha modulators, such as tamoxifen. However, approximately half of them will eventually develop endocrine resistance, making it an important clinical issue in breast cancer therapy. Thus, decoding the turnover of estrogen signaling, including the control of ER alpha expression and stability, are critical to the improvement of breast cancer therapeutics. Methods: TRIM3 and ER alpha protein expression levels were measured by western blot, while the ER alpha target genes were measured by real-time PCR. MTT assay was used to measure cell viability. RNA sequencing was analyzed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Identification of ER alpha signaling was accomplished with luciferase assays, real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. Protein stability assay and ubiquitin assay was used to detect ER alpha protein degradation. The ubiquitin-based Immuno-precipitation based assays were used to detect the specific ubiquitination manner happened on ER alpha. Results: In our current study, we identified TRIM3 as an E3 ligase, which promotes ER alpha signaling and breast cancer progression. TRIM3 depletion inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion, while the unbiased RNA sequencing data indicates that TRIM3 is required for the activation of estrogen signaling in whole genomic scale. Molecular studies show that TRIM3 associates with ER alpha and promotes ER alpha mono-ubiquitination. Conclusion: our study provides a novel post-translational mechanism in estrogen signaling. Modulation of TRIM3 expression or its function could be an interesting approach for breast cancer treatment.
Integrated Transcriptome-wide Profiling and Protein Structure Analysis of Pathogenic Genes in Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Ding Jing , Zhang Yan , Che Yan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundGenetic factors are considered to determine the balance of the coagulation and anticoagulation processes, yet the genetic variants related to venous thromboembolism (VTE) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms and pathogenic mutations associated with VTE by determining VTE-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by transcriptome-wide profiling and assaying protein structure in VTE.MethodsTwo gene expression datasets, GSE48000 and GSE19151, were accessed from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to obtain gene expression data associated with VTE. We identified the DEGs between VTE patients and healthy people using R and performed functional enrichment analysis, including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Then, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed for 25 VTE patients and 17 normal cases, and the structural locations of pathogenic missense mutations were identified using pyMOL. Finally, DGIdb database was used to select candidate drugs for the treatment of VTE.ResultsA total of 232 DEGs were identified from the GEO database. The significant function of these DEGs was mostly involved in RNA catabolic process and ribosome pathway. Notably, the results of WES for DEGs and protein structure analysis showed that Histamine N-Methyltransferase (HNMT) (chr2: 138759649 C>T, rs11558538) may be a main predisposing factor for VTE. In addition, Amodiaquine, Harmaline, Aspirin, Metoprine, Dabigatran, and Diphenhydramine were screened for VTE therapy.Conclusion﻿The results showed that HNMT (chr2: 138759649 C>T, rs11558538) may be potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of VTE.
Does Foreign Direct Investment More Important Than Domestic Direct Investment for Export Structure? Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Irhamna Ariyo DP , Nurhayati Ely , Safira Adinda Putri , Wijaya Galuh Indra 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Scholars have long studied the spillover of FDI on trade. However, there has been limited study which spesifically investigate the impact of FDI on the export structure in a developing country. Does FDI more important than domestic investment for export structure? To examine the question, we test the impact of FDI and DDI on the export structure in time series framework, utilizing data on FDI inflows to Indonesia and export data based on product stage over 1992–2017. The export structure is analyzed based on three categories, namely primary product, intermediate product, and final product. Our results show that domestic investment has a negative impact on the primary export product, while foreign investment has a positive impact on the final export product. The result highlights the importance of domestic and foreign investment in export upgrading.