bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Tele-Enhancement in Healthy Older Adults and Subjects With Subjective Memory Complaints: A Review
Authors: Alaimo Cristina , Campana Elena , Stoppelli Maria Rachele , Gobbi Elena , Baglio Francesca , Rossetto Federica , Binetti Giuliano , Zanetti Orazio , Manenti Rosa , Cotelli Maria 
Published: July 2021

Background: In recent years, emphasis has been placed on cognitive enhancement to stimulate cognitive abilities and prevent functional decline. Considering that traditional face-to-face interventions can be very expensive and are not accessible to all individuals, the need to transfer care from the clinic to the patient's home is evident. In this regard, cognitive tele-enhancement interventions have received increased attention.Aim: The aim of this review was to provide an overview of protocols that apply remotely controlled cognitive training with individualized feedback on performance by the therapist in healthy older adults or participants with subjective memory complaints.Methods: Out of 35 articles assessed for eligibility, eight studies were identified. Of the selected studies, five included cognitively healthy older adults, while three included participants with subjective memory complaints.Results: Most of the reviewed studies showed beneficial effects of cognitive tele-enhancement interventions, reporting improvements in memory, sustained attention, working memory, executive functions, and language abilities. Moreover, reductions in anxiety and depression symptomatology levels, as well as in subjective memory difficulties, were described in some of the studies.Conclusions: Cognitive tele-enhancement treatment could be a good alternative to face-to-face intervention. This literature review highlights the importance of applying preventive cognitive interventions to subjects with initial subjective memory complaints. Remote modalities seem to facilitate the application of such interventions.
The Clinicopathological Distinction Between Seropositive and Seronegative Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy in China
Authors: Ma Xue , Xu Li , Ji Suqiong , Li Yue , Bu Bitao 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the clinicopathological features of patients with seronegative immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) and those positive for anti-signal recognition particle (SRP) or anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme-a reductase (HMGCR) antibodies.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with IMNM treated in the Neurology Department of Tongji Hospital from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2019.Results: Among the 117 patients with IMNM, 30.8% (36/117) were positive for anti-SRP antibodies, 6.0% (7/117) were positive for anti-HMGCR antibodies, and 13.7% (16/117) were seronegative. Myalgia at presentation (62.5 vs. 23.3%, p = 0.0114) was more commonly observed in patients with seronegative IMNM than in those with seropositive IMNM. Subclinical cardiac involvement was more frequently detected in seronegative IMNM than in seropositive IMNM (6/13 vs. 5/33, p = 0.0509, echocardiogram; 7/7 vs. 12/24, p = 0.0261, cardiac MRI). Deposition of membrane attack complex (MAC) on the sarcolemma of myofibers in biopsied muscle was less commonly observed in patients with seronegative IMNM than in patients with seropositive IMNM (16.7 vs. 68.2%, p = 0.0104). The rate of marked improvement following immunotherapy tended to be higher in patients with seronegative IMNM than in those with seropositive IMNM (87.5 vs. 61%, p = 0.0641).Conclusions: Patients with seronegative IMNM more frequently present with myalgia at onset, exhibit more subclinical cardiac involvement and uncommon MAC deposition on myofibers, and experience better outcomes than those with seropositive IMNM.
Direct Targeting of the Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus via 3 T Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping
Authors: Yu Kaijia , Ren Zhiwei , Yu Tao , Wang Xueyuan , Hu Yongsheng , Guo Song , Li Jianyu , Li Yongjie 
Published: July 2021

Objective: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) is a potentially effective, minimally invasive, and reversible method for treating epilepsy. The goal of this study was to explore whether 3 T quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) could delineate the ANT from surrounding structures, which is important for the direct targeting of DBS surgery.Methods: We obtained 3 T QSM, T1-weighted (T1w), and T2-weighted (T2w) images from 11 patients with Parkinson’s disease or dystonia who received subthalamic nucleus (STN) or globus pallidus interna (GPi) DBS surgery in our center. The ANT and its surrounding white matter structures on QSM were compared with available atlases. The contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) of ANT relative to the external medullary lamina (eml) were compared across the three imaging modalities. Additionally, the morphology and location of the ANT were depicted in the anterior commissure (AC)-posterior commissure (PC)-based system.Results: ANT can be clearly distinguished from the surrounding white matter laminas and appeared hyperintense on QSM. The CNRs of the ANT-eml on QSM, T1w, and T2w images were 10.20 ± 4.23, 1.71 ± 1.03, and 1.35 ± 0.70, respectively. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated significant differences in CNRs among QSM, T1w, and T2w imaging modalities [F(2) = 85.28, p &lt; 0.0001]. In addition, both the morphology and location of the ANT were highly variable between patients in the AC–PC-based system.Conclusion: The potential utility of QSM for the visualization of ANTs in clinical imaging is promising and may be suitable for targeting the ANT for DBS to treat epilepsy.
Numerical Simulation of Long-Wave Infrared Generation Using an External Cavity Diamond Raman Laser
Authors: Chen Hui , Bai Zhenxu , Zhao Chen , Yang Xuezong , Ding Jie , Qi Yaoyao , Wang Yulei , Lu Zhiwei 
Published: July 2021

Diamond has a broad spectral transmission range (&gt;0.2 μm) and the largest Raman frequency shift (1,332 cm−1) among known Raman crystals. Hence, the diamond Raman laser has the potential to achieve lasing in the long-wave infrared (LWIR) range, which is difficult to reach via other crystalline lasers. Here, we report a new approach to achieve LWIR output using diamond Raman conversion and provide the corresponding analysis model and simulation results. The conversion efficiency is analyzed as function of the pump waist size, output-coupler transmission, and crystal length, at constant pump power. The maximum output power at which a diamond of relatively large size can be operated without damage is predicted. This study paves a way for high-power LWIR lasing in diamond.
Death Zone Weather Extremes Mountaineers Have Experienced in Successful Ascents
Authors: Szymczak Robert K. , Marosz Michał , Grzywacz Tomasz , Sawicka Magdalena , Naczyk Marta 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundFew data are available on mountaineers’ survival prospects in extreme weather above 8000 m (the Death Zone). We aimed to assess Death Zone weather extremes experienced in climbing-season ascents of Everest and K2, all winter ascents of 8000 m peaks (8K) in the Himalayas and Karakoram, environmental records of human survival, and weather extremes experienced with and without oxygen support.Materials and MethodsWe analyzed 528 ascents of 8K peaks: 423 non-winter ascents without supplemental oxygen (Everest–210, K2–213), 76 ascents in winter without oxygen, and 29 in winter with oxygen. We assessed environmental conditions using the ERA5 dataset (1978–2021): barometric pressure (BP), temperature (Temp), wind speed (Wind), wind chill equivalent temperature (WCT), and facial frostbite time (FFT).ResultsThe most extreme conditions that climbers have experienced with and without supplemental oxygen were: BP 320 hPa (winter Everest) vs. 329 hPa (non-winter Everest); Temp –41°C (winter Everest) vs. –45°C (winter Nanga Parbat); Wind 46 m⋅s–1 (winter Everest) vs. 48 m⋅s–1 (winter Kangchenjunga). The most extreme combined conditions of BP ≤ 333 hPa, Temp ≤ −30°C, Wind ≥ 25 m⋅s–1, WCT ≤ −54°C and FFT ≤ 3 min were encountered in 14 ascents of Everest, two without oxygen (late autumn and winter) and 12 oxygen-supported in winter. The average extreme conditions experienced in ascents with and without oxygen were: BP 326 ± 3 hPa (winter Everest) vs. 335 ± 2 hPa (non-winter Everest); Temp −40 ± 0°C (winter K2) vs. −38 ± 5°C (winter low Karakoram 8K peaks); Wind 36 ± 7 m⋅s–1 (winter Everest) vs. 41 ± 9 m⋅s–1 (winter high Himalayan 8K peaks).Conclusions1.The most extreme combined environmental BP, Temp and Wind were experienced in winter and off-season ascents of Everest.2.Mountaineers using supplemental oxygen endured more extreme conditions than climbers without oxygen.3.Climbing-season weather extremes in the Death Zone were more severe on Everest than on K2.4.Extreme wind speed characterized winter ascents of Himalayan peaks, but severely low temperatures marked winter climbs in Karakoram.
Hair-Pulling Does Not Necessarily Serve an Emotion Regulation Function in Adults With Trichotillomania
Authors: Lochner Christine , Demetriou Salome , Kidd Martin , Coetzee Bronwynè , Stein Dan J. 
Published: July 2021

Background: Trichotillomania (TTM) has been associated with childhood trauma and perceived stress. While it has been hypothesized that hair-pulling regulate negative emotions, the relationship between childhood trauma, perceived stress, emotion regulation, and hair-pulling has not been well-studied.Methods: Fifty-six adults with TTM and 31 healthy controls completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Hair-pulling severity was measured with the Massachusetts General Hospital-Hair Pulling Scale. CTQ, PSS, and DERS total scores were compared across groups using ANCOVA and the correlation between hair-pulling severity and emotion dysregulation was determined. Regression analyses were used to estimate the association of CTQ and PSS totals with DERS, and to determine whether associations between predictors and dependent variable (DERS) differed across groups.Results: TTM patients reported higher rates of childhood trauma (p &lt;= 0.01), perceived stress (p = 0.03), and emotion dysregulation (p &lt;= 0.01). There was no association between emotion dysregulation and pulling severity (r = −0.02, p = 0.89). Perceived stress was associated with emotion dysregulation in both groups (p &lt; 0.01), and no association between childhood trauma and emotion dysregulation in either group. Perceived stress was the only significant predictor of emotion dysregulation in both groups (F = 28.29, p &lt; 0.01).Conclusion: The association between perceived stress and emotion dysregulation is not specific to TTM, and there is no association between emotion dysregulation and hair-pulling severity, suggesting that key factors other than emotion dysregulation contribute to hair-pulling. Alternative explanatory models are needed.
EMERGE Modular Robot: A Tool for Fast Deployment of Evolved Robots
Authors: Moreno Rodrigo , Faiña Andres 
Published: July 2021

This work presents a platform for evolution of morphology in full cycle reconfigurable hardware: The EMERGE (Easy Modular Embodied Robot Generator) modular robot platform. Three parts necessary to implement a full cycle process, i.e., assembling the modules in morphologies, testing the morphologies, disassembling modules and repeating, are described as a previous step to testing a fully autonomous system: the mechanical design of the EMERGE module, extensive tests of the modules by first assembling them manually, and automatic assembly and disassembly tests. EMERGE modules are designed to be easy and fast to build, one module is built in half an hour and is constructed from off-the-shelf and 3D printed parts. Thanks to magnetic connectors, modules are quickly attached and detached to assemble and reconfigure robot morphologies. To test the performance of real EMERGE modules, 30 different morphologies are evolved in simulation, transferred to reality, and tested 10 times. Manual assembly of these morphologies is aided by a visual guiding tool that uses AprilTag markers to check the real modules positions in the morphology against their simulated counterparts and provides a color feedback. Assembly time takes under 5 min for robots with fewer than 10 modules and increases linearly with the number of modules in the morphology. Tests show that real EMERGE morphologies can reproduce the performance of their simulated counterparts, considering the reality gap. Results also show that magnetic connectors allow modules to disconnect in case of being subjected to high external torques that could damage them otherwise. Module tracking combined with their easy assembly and disassembly feature enable EMERGE modules to be also reconfigured using an external robotic manipulator. Experiments demonstrate that it is possible to attach and detach modules from a morphology, as well as release the module from the manipulator using a passive magnetic gripper. This shows that running a completely autonomous, evolution of morphology in full cycle reconfigurable hardware of different topologies for robots is possible and on the verge of being realized. We discuss EMERGE features and the trade-off between reusability and morphological variability among different approaches to physically implement evolved robots.
Gendered Social Norms Change in Water Governance Structures Through Community Facilitation: Evaluation of the UPWARD Intervention in Tanzania
Authors: Eaton Jacob , Krishna Aditi , Sudi Christina , George Janeth , Magomba Christopher , Eckman Anne , Houck Frances , Taukobong Hannah 
Published: July 2021

Background:In rural Tanzania, women and girls disproportionately bear the burden of water scarcity. Gendered social norms on the acceptability of women’s participation in the public sphere limit their decision-making power within local water governance structures. The UPWARD (Uplifting Women’s Participation in Water-Related Decision-Making) intervention sought to understand how a community-based gendered social norms approach using organized diffusion can lead to changes in the gendered social norms impacting women's participation in water-related governance structures.Methods:As part of WARIDI, a 5-years integrated water resource management (IWRM) program, a gendered-social norms change (GSNC) activity (UPWARD: Uplifting Women’s Participation in Water-Related Decision-Making) was implemented in two villages in Iringa and Kilombero districts. Encouraging organized diffusion, UPWARD promoted gender-equitable norms among a critical mass of community members. WARIDI identified and trained a Community Facilitation Team (CFT) of three women and men to lead a series of education and empowerment sessions in two communities. The intervention reached &gt;300 individuals directly (∼10% of total village population). Changes in social norms were assessed through social norms analysis plots (SNAP) delivered in focus group discussions (FGDs) of 8–12 participants.Results:At baseline, most participants reported that women’s involvement in water-related decision-making was restricted to household decisions. Men viewed themselves as primary decision-makers in water governance. Women who spoke in village meetings experienced sanctions for disrespect and outspokenness; their husbands were teased for being “controlled.” At endline, participants reported fewer instances of ridicule towards women’s participation. Women expressed a greater sense of solidarity with each other; men reported greater respect for men whose wives contribute. The intervention’s effects appeared more pronounced in areas with greater cultural heterogeneity, suggesting norm change may be harder to affect where norms are tighter.Conclusion:UPWARD provides evidence that gendered social norms change programs can have identifiable impacts on women’s participation in water-related decision-making over a short time. While other interventions have used larger, multi-level strategies to affect gender norms, UPWARD has shown that community mobilization with brief (∼4 months) but concentrated engagement with communities can promote changes in social norms that persist at least 6 months after intervention’s end.
Engagement with community liver disease management across the UK: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Jarvis Helen , Worsfold Jonathan , Hebditch Vanessa , Ryder Stephen 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundLiver disease is an increasing cause of premature mortality in the UK. Its management in primary care is not well understood. It is unclear what role commissioning bodies are playing in liver disease in the UK.AimTo assess the level of engagement with community chronic liver disease management among clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) and health authorities across the UK.Design & settingA cross-sectional survey to all UK CCGs and health authorities.MethodSurvey questions were developed by the British Liver Trust, in collaboration with topic experts, and evaluated structures in place relating to liver disease management at commissioning and health board level.ResultsThere were 159 responses representing 99% UK coverage of CCGs and health boards. Twenty per cent reported an individual responsible for liver disease within their organisation, with 40% and 29% reporting having pathways in place to respond to abnormal liver blood tests and liver disease more generally, respectively. All those reporting use of pathways reported using national guidelines to guide content. Twenty-five per cent made use of transient elastography (FibroScan) and 16% of direct serum fibrosis markers (for example, enhanced liver fibrosis [ELF] score), which are both part of current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines. There was marked regional variation in all areas of engagement surveyed, with Wales having exceptionally high levels of engagement in all areas in contrast to the other nations.ConclusionThe results of this survey should be used as a catalyst to highlight necessary regional improvements to the primary care management of chronic liver disease across the UK.
Strategies supporting sustainable prescribing safety improvement interventions in English primary care: a qualitative study
Authors: Shamsuddin Azwa , Jeffries Mark , Sheikh Aziz , Laing Libby , Salema Nde-Eshimuni , Avery Anthony J , Chuter Antony , Waring Justin , Keers Richard N 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundWhile the use of prescribing safety indicators (PSI) can reduce potentially hazardous prescribing, there is a need to identify actionable strategies for the successful implementation and sustainable delivery of PSI-based interventions in general practice.AimTo identify strategies for the successful implementation and sustainable use of PSI-based interventions in routine primary care.Design & settingQualitative study in primary care settings across England.MethodAnchoring on a complex pharmacist-led IT-based intervention (PINCER) and clinical decision support (CDS) for prescribing and medicines management, a qualitative study was conducted using sequential, multiple methods. The methods comprised documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews, and online workshops to identify challenges and possible solutions to the longer-term sustainability of PINCER and CDS. Thematic analysis was used for the documentary analysis and stakeholder workshops, while template analysis was used for the semi-structured interviews. Findings across the three methods were synthesised using the RE-AIM (reach, efficacy, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) framework.ResultsForty-eight documents were analysed, and 27 interviews and two workshops involving 20 participants were undertaken. Five main issues were identified, which aligned with the adoption and maintenance dimensions of RE-AIM: fitting into current context (adoption); engaging hearts and minds (maintenance); building resilience (maintenance); achieving engagement with secondary care (maintenance); and emphasising complementarity (maintenance).ConclusionExtending ownership of prescribing safety beyond primary care-based pharmacists, and achieving greater alignment between general practice and hospital prescribing safety initiatives, is fundamental to achieve sustained impact of PSI-based interventions in primary care.
PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL (VoIP) DALAM ONLINE MOBILE GAMES
Authors: Hanindar Muthia , Irwansyah Irwansyah 
Published: July 2021

Kemajuan teknologi memungkinkan adanya kemajuan dalam industri video games. Kemunculan perangkat seluler dengan fitur yang semakin canggih memungkinkan khalayak dapat bermain games dimana saja dan kapan saja. Ada waktu luang yang perlu diisi menjadi salah satu alasan utama khalayak dalam bermain game pada ponsel pintar mereka. Kualitas ponsel pintar yang semakin ditingkatkan membuat dunia industri games semakin berkembang dengan adanya fitur-fitur baru dalam game salah satunya fitur komunikasi. Komunikasi sangat diperlukan utamanya dalam permainan yang membutuhkan kerjasama tim. Teknologi Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) memungkinkan komunikasi ini terjadi. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kebutuhan khalayak yang dapat dipuaskan melalui media yang dikonsumsi. Melalui teori uses and gratifications 2.0 ditemukan bahwa kebutuhan seseorang dalam bermain game bisa muncul sebelum mengkonsumsi game tersebut ataupun muncul setelah menjelajahi pemakaian media tersebut.

Kata kunci: games, ponsel pintar, komunikasi, VoIP, uses and gratifications 2.0
"Fandom's Pornographic Subset"
Authors: Kukka Silja 
Published: July 2021

This article draws on content analysis method research (n = 78) that looks at a specific subset of fan fiction: anonymous kink meme communities where mostly women request and write erotic or pornographic fan texts. Reporting on an online survey, this article discusses what kind of role kink meme communities play in the lives of the respondents, how kink meme stories are situated in the larger framework of pornography, and how the respondents view the stories that incorporate unsettling or taboo subjects, such as sexual abuse of children, rape, or incest. This article views kink meme communities as a special subset of fan fic- tion, and in the article kink meme writing is compared to other forms of female- centric erotica or pornography. The article outlines how kink meme communities, like many other female-centric online communities, can function as places where women and gender minorities can write erotic material that better resonates
with them and discuss and explore their sexualities and sexual preferences. Kink meme communities are also shown to utilise queer female writing practices in how they discuss and broaden the cultural view on female sexuality and women’s enjoyment of pornographic material. In addition to this, kink memes are also shown to function as literary communities where some fans can practise their writing.
Textile wastewater treatment by UV/Fenton-like oxidation process using Fe-Cu doped pumice composite
Authors: Cifci Deniz İzlen , Meriç Pagano Süreyya 
Published: July 2021

In this study, Fe-Cu-Pumice (Fe-Cu-P) composite was prepared to attempt it for UV/Fenton-like treatment of biologically treated textile wastewater by means of COD and color removal. SEM-EDX analysis showed that Fe-Cu-P composite contained Fe and Cu at 3.5% of each one. More than 95% color (RES-436, RES-525, RES-620) removal could be achieved using 3 g/L Fe-Cu-P in the Fenton-like process. The removal of COD and absorbances at Abs-254 nm and Abs-280 nm increased up to 5 g/L Fe-Cu-P concentration. In addition, the highest COD, Abs-254 nm and Abs-280 nm removal could be achieved at 250 mg/L H2O2 concentration pH 3. The removals of COD, Abs-254 nm and Abs-280 nm were obtained to be 63.7%, 66.3% and 72.9%, while the removals of RES-436, RES-525 and RES-620 were observed as 92.9%, 96.7% and 98.1%, respectively at optimum doses of catalyst (5 g/L Fe-Cu-P), oxidant (250 mg/L H2O2) and pH 3 after 3 h oxidation at room temperature.