bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting binge drinking among university students: Application of integrated behavioral model
Authors: Gutema Hordofa , Debela Yamrot , Walle Bizuayehu , Reba Kidist , Shibabaw Tebkew , Disasa Tolera 
Published: July 2021

Background
Binge drinking is a pattern of harmful use of alcohol and it is defined as four drinks for women and five drinks for men in about 2 hours. This behavior causes public health problems like damaging different body organs.

Objective
To assess binge drinking and associated factors among Bahir Dar University students in Northwest Ethiopia.

Method
A cross sectional study was conducted in November 2017. Systematic sampling technique was used to select 422 participants. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Linear and Logistic regression models were used to predict the role of explanatory variables on behavioral intention and binge drinking, respectively. Independent variables with a p-value of <0.05 at 95% confidence interval were considered as statistically significant in the final model.

Result
A total of 413 students participated in this study and 33.4%(95% CI: 28.3–38.9) were engaged in binge drinking. Experiential attitude, instrumental attitude, and self-efficacy were found to be significant predictors of intention to binge drinking (p<0.05). Experiential attitude, environmental constraint, injunctive norm, and knowledge predictors were significantly associated with binge drinking (p<0.05).

Conclusion
Our study indicated that one-third of the students practiced binge drinking. This behavior was associated with experiential attitude, injunctive norm, environmental constraints, and knowledge factors. Additionally, experiential attitude, instrumental attitude, and self-efficacy constructs had explained behavioral intention. This implies focusing on the abovementioned determinant factors is imperative while designing intervention strategy.
A systematic review of controlled studies of suicidal and self-harming behaviours in adolescents following bereavement by suicide
Authors: del Carpio Laura , Paul Sally , Paterson Abigail , Rasmussen Susan 
Published: July 2021

Background
Research suggests that being exposed to the suicide of others increases risk of subsequent suicidal or self-harming thoughts or behaviours. What is less clear is whether this applies to adolescents, and if the risk exceeds that following other causes of death, which has implications on suicide prevention approaches. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence on adolescent bereavement experiences by different causes to address this gap.

Methods
A comprehensive literature search using four databases (MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Embase) identified 21 studies which measured suicidal or self-harm outcomes among bereaved adolescents aged between 12 to 18 years old. The literature was screened, data was extracted using pre-piloted forms, and risk of bias was assessed using versions of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale; a proportion of papers were double extracted and assessed for bias. The review has been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42016051125).

Results
A narrative synthesis of the literature demonstrated divergent findings depending on the outcome being measured. Suicide bereavement appears to be strongly associated with suicide mortality among parentally bereaved youth, while self-harm or non-fatal suicide attempts (either presenting to hospital or self-reported) showed mixed evidence. Suicidal ideation was not uniquely associated with suicide bereavement. An exploration of circumstances surrounding the death, characteristics of the person who died, and characteristics of the young person across each outcome measure suggested that earlier experiences of loss, shorter timeframes following the death, and maternal death are associated with particularly elevated risk of suicidal outcomes.

Conclusions
Findings suggest that suicide loss is associated with subsequent suicide, and may be associated with non-fatal self-harm. A detailed account of the risk and protective factors surrounding suicide bereavement among young people is crucial to understand the pathways through which suicidal behaviours develop. Researchers, policy makers and practitioners with an interest in suicide prevention will benefit from clarity around the needs of young bereaved individuals.
Effectiveness of a standard clinical training program in new graduate nurses’ competencies in Vietnam: A quasi-experimental longitudinal study with a difference-in-differences design
Authors: Horii Satoko , Nguyen Chinh Thi Minh , Pham Huong Thi Thu , Amaike Naomi , Ho Hien Thi , Aiga Hirotsugu 
Published: July 2021

Objective
This study aimed to estimate the effectiveness of a standard clinical training program for new graduate nurses in Vietnam.

Methods
A quasi-experimental longitudinal study with a difference-in-differences design was conducted. A total of 280 new graduate nurses completed a self-administered questionnaire. The intervention group consisted of 206 respondents (those having participated in standard clinical training) and the control group (those that did not receive training) of 74. Differences in mean increases in competency scores between the intervention and control groups were estimated. The effect size of the intervention was estimated by calculating Cohen’s d. A generalized linear model was employed to identify the factors associated with mean increases.

Results
The mean increase in total competency scores (range: 0–6 points) in the intervention group was 0.73 points greater than in the control group with an intermediate effect size (Cohen’s d = 0.53; 95% CI 0.26 to 0.80). A greater reduction in standard deviation of total competency scores in the intervention group was confirmed. Participation in standard clinical training produced a positive association with a mean increase in total competency score without significance (β = 0.04, P = 0.321). Provincial hospitals as clinical training venues had a significantly positive association (β = 0.11, P = 0.007) with the mean increase in total competency scores. Competency at pre-clinical training was negatively (β = -0.75, P < 0.001) associated with the mean increase.

Conclusion
Findings implied that the standard clinical training program could contribute to both increasing and standardizing new graduate nurses’ competencies in Vietnam. Further studies are needed to more precisely examine the attribution of standard clinical training to better increase new graduate nurses’ competencies.
Partial restoration of immune response in Hepatitis C patients after viral clearance by direct-acting antiviral therapy
Authors: Llorens-Revull Meritxell , Costafreda Maria Isabel , Rico Angie , Guerrero-Murillo Mercedes , Soria Maria Eugenia , Píriz-Ruzo Sofía , Vargas-Accarino Elena , Gabriel-Medina Pablo , Rodríguez-Frías Francisco , Riveiro-Barciela Mar , Perales Celia , Quer Josep , Sauleda Silvia , Esteban Juan Ignacio , Bes Marta 
Published: July 2021

Background & aims
HCV CD4+ and CD8+ specific T cells responses are functionally impaired during chronic hepatitis C infection. DAAs therapies eradicate HCV infection in more than 95% of treated patients. However, the impact of HCV elimination on immune responses remain controversial. Here, we aimed to investigate whether HCV cure by DAAs could reverse the impaired immune response to HCV.

Methods
We analyzed 27 chronic HCV infected patients undergoing DAA treatment in tertiary care hospital, and we determined the phenotypical and functional changes in both HCV CD8+ and CD4+ specific T-cells before and after viral clearance. PD-1, TIM-3 and LAG-3 cell-surface expression was assessed by flow cytometry to determine CD4+ T cell exhaustion. Functional responses to HCV were analyzed by IFN-Ɣ ELISPOT, intracellular cytokine staining (IL-2 and IFN-Ɣ) and CFSE-based proliferation assays.

Results
We observed a significant decrease in the expression of PD-1 in CD4+ T-cells after 12 weeks of viral clearance in non-cirrhotic patients (p = 0.033) and in treatment-naive patients (p = 0.010), indicating a partial CD4 phenotype restoration. IFN-Ɣ and IL-2 cytokines production by HCV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells remained impaired upon HCV eradication. Finally, a significant increase of the proliferation capacity of both HCV CD4+ and CD8+ specific T-cells was observed after HCV elimination by DAAs therapies.

Conclusions
Our results show that in chronically infected patients HCV elimination by DAA treatment lead to partial reversion of CD4+ T cell exhaustion. Moreover, proliferative capacity of HCV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is recovered after DAA’s therapies.
Screen time and physical activity in children and adolescents aged 10–15 years
Authors: Dahlgren Anna , Sjöblom Linnea , Eke Helén , Bonn Stephanie E. , Trolle Lagerros Ylva 
Published: July 2021

Background
Previous research studies have demonstrated a relationship between low levels of physical activity and high amounts of screen time in children and adolescents. However, this is usually based on self-reported data. Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between objectively measured smartphone screen time and physical activity among children and adolescents aged 10–15 years.

Methods
During seven consecutive days, we objectively assessed smartphone screen time, using the SCRIIN smartphone application, and physical activity, using the SCRIIN activity tracker, in children and adolescents recruited from two schools in Stockholm County, Sweden. Moreover, the children/adolescents and their parents responded to a questionnaire, obtaining among other things: self-reported screen time, physical activity, sleep and health-related quality of life.

Results
A total of 121 children and adolescents (mean age: 12.1 ± 1.5) were included in the study. Objectively measured smartphone screen time was 161.2 ± 81.1 min/day. Mean physical activity, measured with the SCRIIN activity tracker, was 32.6 ± 16.5 active min/day. Minutes of screen time and physical activity did not differ between the children and adolescents from the two schools, despite located in different socioeconomic areas. Further, we found no association between smartphone screen time and physical activity. However, girls aged 14–15 years, had more smartphone screen time (p<0.01) and were significantly more physically active (p<0.01) than girls aged 10–12 years. In addition, boys reported more than five times more time spent on computer and video games than girls did.

Conclusion
Smartphone screen time was not associated with physical activity level among children and adolescents aged 10–15 years.
Translation and validation of caring behaviors inventory among nurses in Iran
Authors: Ghafouri Raziyeh , Nasiri Malihe , Atashzadeh-Shoorideh Foroozan , Tayyar-Iravanlou Faraz , Rahmaty Zahra 
Published: July 2021

Background and objectives
Nurses’ caring behaviors, professional activities, and behaviors for the benefit of patients, influence patients’ perception of care and satisfaction with the quality of care provided. Caring behaviors of nurses are contextual and various factors such as patients’ social structure, lifestyle, culture, and interests, as well as their biographical, social, and physiological characteristics, can influence perceptions of caring behaviors of nurses, as caring behaviors are an interactive and mental process between patients and nurses. This study was conducted to provide a transcultural translation and psychometric analysis of Caring Behaviors Inventory (CBI) among nurses in Iran.

Methodology
Transcultural translation of the 16-item CBI was performed. Then, face validity (qualitative), content validity (quantitative and qualitative), and construct validity were examined in a cross-sectional study of 509 patients. A demographic questionnaire and the 16-item CBI were sent to enrolled patients via online questionnaires. The reliability of the instrument was assessed by internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha. Then, construct validity of the single factor CBI was assessed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Since one factor CBI was not confirmed, construct validity was examined using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The final number of factors was confirmed using CFA.

Results
The internal consistency of the instrument was good with Cronbach’s alpha 0.89. Based on EFA, the CBI were loaded on two factors, eigenvalues >1, no item was removed. The emergent factors were named "Communicating respectfully" and "Professional knowledge and skill". These two factors explained 50.197% of the total variance. Then, CFA showed an acceptable fit for the two factors CBI.

Conclusion
The results showed that the Persian version of the 16-item CBI had adequate validity and reliability. Accordingly, this instrument can be used to study nurses’ caring behaviors.
Maintaining oxygen delivery is crucial to prevent intestinal ischemia in critical ill patients
Authors: Schoettler Jochen J. , Kirschning Thomas , Hagmann Michael , Hahn Bianka , Fairley Anna-Meagan , Centner Franz-Simon , Schneider-Lindner Verena , Herrle Florian , Tzatzarakis Emmanouil , Thiel Manfred , Krebs Joerg 
Published: July 2021

Background
Intestinal ischemia is a common complication with obscure pathophysiology in critically ill patients. Since insufficient delivery of oxygen is discussed, we investigated the influence of oxygen delivery, hemoglobin, arterial oxygen saturation, cardiac index and the systemic vascular resistance index on the development of intestinal ischemia. Furthermore, we evaluated the predictive power of elevated lactate levels for the diagnosis of intestinal ischemia.

Methods
In a retrospective case-control study data (mean oxygen delivery, minimum oxygen delivery, systemic vascular resistance index) of critical ill patients from 02/2009–07/2017 were analyzed using a proportional hazard model. General model fit and linearity were tested by likelihood ratio tests. The components of oxygen delivery (hemoglobin, arterial oxygen saturation and cardiac index) were individually tested in models.

Results
59 out of 874 patients developed intestinal ischemia. A mean oxygen delivery less than 250ml/min/m2 (LRT vs. null model: p = 0.018; LRT for non-linearity: p = 0.012) as well as a minimum oxygen delivery less than 400ml/min/m2 (LRT vs null model: p = 0.016; LRT for linearity: p = 0.019) were associated with increased risk of the development of intestinal ischemia. We found no significant influence of hemoglobin, arterial oxygen saturation, cardiac index or systemic vascular resistance index. Receiver operating characteristics analysis for elevated lactate levels, pH, CO2 and central venous saturation was poor with an area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.5324, 0.52, 0.6017 and 0.6786.

Conclusion
There was a significant correlation for mean and minimum oxygen delivery with the incidence of intestinal ischemia for values below 250ml/min/m2 respectively 400ml/min/m2. Neither hemoglobin, arterial oxygen saturation, cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance index nor elevated lactate levels could be identified as individual risk factors.
Prognostic value of circulating tumor cells in patients with bladder cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Hui , Gu Xiujuan , Zuo Zhihua , Tian Gang , Liu Jinbo 
Published: July 2021

Background
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been considered diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for urothelial cancer. However, the prognostic role of CTCs in bladder cancer (BC) remains controversial. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic significance of CTCs for patients with BC.

Methods
All studies relevant to this topic were searched in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were set as effect measures. The outcomes were overall survival (OS), cancer-free survival (CSS), progression-free survival (PFS)/time to progression (TTP), and disease-free survival (DFS)/recurrence-free survival (RFS)/time to first recurrence (TFR). All analyses were conducted in STATA 15.1.

Results
Eleven eligible studies comprising 1,062 patients with BC were included in this meta-analysis. Overall analyses showed that CTC-positive patients had poorer survival (OS: HR 3.88, 95% CI 2.52–5.96, p < 0.001; CSS: HR 3.89, 95% CI 2.15–7.04, p < 0.001) and more aggressive progression (PFS/TTP: HR 5.92, 95% CI 3.75–9.35, p < 0.001; DFS/RFS/TFR: HR 4.57, 95% CI 3.34–6.25, p < 0.001) than CTC-negative patients. Subgroup analyses according to the number of patients, detection method, positivity rate, and follow-up time revealed that the presence of CTCs predicted a high risk of mortality and disease progression in most subgroups.

Conclusion
The meta-analysis confirmed that CTCs are a promising prognostic biomarker of poor survival and aggressive tumor progression for patients with BC.

Prospero registration number
CRD42021224865.
Disparities between HIV patient subgroups in Oman: An analysis of the 2019 cascade of care
Authors: Elgalib A. , Shah S. , Al-Wahaibi A. , Al-Habsi Z. , Al-Fouri M. , Lau R. , Al-Kindi H. , Al-Rawahi B. , Al-Abri S. 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThe HIV cascade of care is a framework for monitoring HIV care, identifying gaps and informing appropriate interventions. This study aimed to describe the cascade of care in Oman in 2019 and highlight disparities at the sub-population level.MethodsWe used the UNAIDS Spectrum modelling software to estimate the number of people living with HIV. A national HIV surveillance database was used to identify Omani people (≥13 years old) diagnosed with HIV from 1984 through December 2019. We calculated the cascade indicators as of 31 December 2019 stratified by sex, age, HIV risk factor, residence, and region of HIV care. We also performed multivariate logistic regression to determine the predictors of attrition at linkage, retention, on ART, and viral suppression.ResultsAs of December 2019, the estimated number of people living with HIV in Oman was 2440. Out of the estimated number of people living with HIV, 69% were diagnosed, 66% were linked to care, 61% were retained in care, 60% were on ART, and 55% were virally suppressed. Of the 1673 diagnosed individuals, 96% were linked to care, 88% were retained in care, 87% were on ART, and 81% were virally suppressed. People who received HIV care outside Muscat had the largest attrition (11% loss) in the transition from linkage (97%) to retention (86%). Similarly, people aged 13–24 years had the largest attrition (13% loss) from “on ART” (88%) to viral suppression (75%). Logistic regression showed that both not reporting a specific HIV risk factor and receipt of HIV care outside Muscat independently predicted attrition at each cascade stage from linkage to care through viral suppression.ConclusionsOur findings identified substantial disparities across various subpopulations along the cascade of care in Oman. This analysis will be invaluable in informing future interventions targeting patient subgroups who are at the highest risk of attrition.
Iniciativas educativas para una sociedad de la información sostenible
Authors: Miraut Andrés David , Mendoza Ángela 
Published: July 2021

El número de matriculaciones en grados relacionados con las Tecnologías de la Información, especialmente Informática y Telecomunicaciones, han sufrido un continuo descenso en la última década, aún más profundo si cabe en el colectivo femenino. Esta situación preocupa a empresas, gobiernos y universidades, ya que si la tendencia persiste no habrá suficientes profesionales de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (TIC) que puedan mantener el ritmo de innovación y mejora competitiva en los países occidentales en un futuro cercano. En este artículo se pretenden analizar las razones que han llevado a esta situación desde el punto de vista de los jóvenes y los centros de educación superior, con especial atención en los factores que afectan a las mujeres. Y se da una perspectiva de las distintas iniciativas innovadoras que se están llevando a cabo por parte de las Universidades y Administraciones públicas para acercar la realidad de la profesión informática a toda la sociedad y contrarrestar esta tendencia.
Las categorías conceptuales para el estudio de la construcción conjunta del conocimiento en el aula
Authors: Domínguez Mª Alejandra , Stipcich María Silvia 
Published: July 2021

La siguiente comunicación presenta algunos lineamientos teóricos a partir de los cuales se han elaborado categorías conceptuales para estudiar la construcción conjunta de conocimiento en el aula. El abordaje de este objeto de estudio se desenvuelve con referentes discursivos, psicológicos y didácticos. Las categorías construidas son: el sujeto es activo o constructor de su conocimiento, la psiquis está mediatizada, el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje se caracteriza como comunicacional, situado y social y los modos discursivos entendidos como los intercambios que utilizan los actores del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje cuando intercambian significados. A modo de reflexión se discute la pertinencia de cómo concebir la conjunción de diferentes aportes teóricos.
La didáctica de la traducción literaria: Estado de la cuestión / The teaching of literary translation: An overview
Authors: García  Álvarez Ana María 
Published: July 2021

A pesar de que la didáctica de la traducción ha experimentado desde hace dos décadas un cambio considerable en su investigación, centrada en el análisis de los procesos mentales del estudiante cuando traduce y desde la perspectiva inductivo-experimental y con numerosos trabajos al respecto, la didáctica de la traducción literaria adolece actualmente de andamiajes teóricos y metodológicos apropiados que describan su gran complejidad y puedan ayudar al estudiante a traducir literatura de manera profesional. Nuestro objetivo en el presente artículo es repasar y criticar en líneas generales el marco teórico-metodológico que ha caracterizado la enseñanza y, en particular, la evaluación de la traducción literaria a lo largo de la historia, basado en nociones prescriptivas de fidelidad, traducibilidad, literalidad o equivalencia entre otras. También veremos que las investigaciones cuantitativas que se vienen llevando a cabo en la didáctica de la traducción son insuficientes si no se complementan con contenidos cualitativos que contribuyan a una reflexión consciente sobre el proceso de traducción. A continuación estableceremos una propuesta didáctica que enfatiza precisamente la importancia de establecer aquellos contenidos adecuados que puedan describir la complejidad cognitiva implicada en la práctica de la traducción literaria y que puedan ayudar a desarrollar estrategias de traducción apropiadas. El estudio de la introspección es, en este sentido, esencial. Despite the fact that translation teaching has undergone a significant change during the last two decades in relation to research from an inductive-experimental perspective focusing on the analysis of students’ mental processes when translating, and that much academic work has consequently emerged, the teaching of literary translation currently lacks an appropriate theoretical and methodological scaffolding that may describe its great complexity, and which can help students to translate literature in a professional way. Our aim in this article is to review and to give a general critical overview of the theoretical and methodological framework in which the teaching, and particularly the evaluation of literary translation in history, is depicted based on prescriptive notions such as faithfulness, translatability, literality or equivalence, among others. We will also see that current quantitative research in translation teaching is insufficient if it is not complemented by qualitative content which contributes to a conscious reflection on the translation process. We will then make a didactic proposal that emphasizes the importance of establishing those types of content that can be used effectively to describe the cognitive complexity implied in the practice of literary translation, and which may consequently help to develop suitable translation strategies. Thus, we believe that the study of introspection is essential.