bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intelligent response release of imidacloprid from a tailored star‐shaped polymer targeting the temperature‐dependent reproduction of cotton aphids
Authors: Su Weihua , Qin Yan , Meng Guihua , Wu Jianning , Yang Shengchao , Cui Lin , Li Wenjuan , Liu Zhiyong , Guo Xuhong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntelligent response carriers have been developed and widely used in agriculture to improve pesticide utilization. However, there are few tailored response carriers that are targeting the cotton aphid pest. Based on the temperature‐dependent growth and reproduction of cotton aphids, we constructed a tailored temperature‐responsive star‐shaped polymer to achieve on‐demand controlled release of imidacloprid (IMI) to more effectively kill cotton aphids. In this work, a series of star‐shaped polymers based on β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD), 2‐(2‐methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate (MEO2MA), and tert‐butyl acrylate (tBA) were synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Next, β‐CD‐PMEO2MA (β‐CD‐P0) micelles were developed having different controlled release rates of IMI at different temperatures (14, 21, or 27°C) following the cotton aphid growth and reproduction cycle. At 21°C, the micelle underwent a phase transition from a solution state to a turbidity state. By inducing this structural change, release of IMI was increased to adapt to the reproduction of the cotton aphid population which is highest at 21–27°C. In vitro release experiments showed that 48% of IMI was released from β‐CD‐P0 after the phase transition temperature (PTT). An aqueous solution of the β‐CD‐P0 polymer micelle was stable at 4°C for at least 28 days. Therefore, this intelligent response release model has enormous potential as a novel carrier for various pesticides.
Insurrection in the U.S. Capitol: Understanding psychotic, projective and introjective group processes
Authors: Rudden Marie G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLeader‐follower and intra‐group dynamics are analyzed for two large groups who participated in the January 6, 2021 attack on the U.S. Capitol building. Psychotic, projective and introjective defenses are seen to have increasingly developed within these groups in the months leading up to the Insurrection. These were amplified by three incendiary forces: escalating feelings of victimization, an undermining of a sense of truth and of trust in the national government, and an amplification of false messages by social media barrages. This exploration uses as data the multiple reports of journalists who witnessed the Capitol uprising or who conducted individual interviews with group members, as well as reports from the U.S. Department of Justice.
Coordination Polymers as a Functional Material for the Selective Molecular Recognition of Nitroaromatics and ipso‐Hydroxylation of Arylboronic Acids
Authors: Rani Pooja , Husain Ahmad , Bhasin K. K. , Kumar Girijesh 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe report the synthesis and structural characterization of two coordination polymers (CPs), namely; [{Zn(L)(DMF)4} ⋅ 2BF4]α (1) and [{Cd(L)2(Cl)2} ⋅ 2H2O]α (2) (where L=N2,N6‐di(pyridin‐4‐yl)naphthalene‐2,6‐dicarboxamide). Crystal packing of 1 reveals the existence of channels running along the b‐ and c‐axis filled by the ligated DMF and lattice anions, respectively. Whereas, crystal packing of 2 reveals that the metallacycles of each 1D chain are intercalating into the groove of adjacent metallacycles resulting in the stacking of 1D loop‐chains to form a sheet‐like architecture. In addition, both 1 and 2 were exploited as multifunctional materials for the detection of nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) as well as a catalyst in the ipso‐hydroxylation of aryl/heteroarylboronic acids. Remarkably, 1 and 2 showed high fluorescence stability in an aqueous medium and displayed a maximum 88% and 97% quenching efficiency for 4‐NPH, respectively among all the investigated NACs. The mechanistic investigation of NACs recognition suggested that the fluorescence quenching occurred via electron as well as energy transfer process. Furthermore, the ipso‐hydroxylation of aryl/heteroarylboronic acids in presence of 1 and 2 gave up to 99% desired product yield within 15 min in our established protocol. In both cases, 1 and 2 are recyclable upto five cycles without any significant loss in their efficiency.
The peaked spectrum and compact steep spectrum sources: Issues and opportunities
Authors: O'Dea Christopher 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe peaked spectrum (PS) radio sources are sub‐kpc in size and have a peak in the radio spectrum. The compact steep specrum (CSS) sources range from about 1 kpc to an adopted upper limit on projected linear size of 20 kpc. Because of their galactic‐scale range of size, the PS and CSS radio sources interact strongly with the ISM of this host galaxy. This means that the PS and CSS sources can be a significant source of the AGN feedback. The PS and CSS sources are a key phase in radio source evolution. Yet, there is substantial uncertainty regarding the origin of these sources, their lifetimes, and their evolution. There are many interesting open questions regarding the PS and CSS radio sources. Here, in this short introduction to the topic, I focus on the origin stories for these sources and how progress might be made.
Orthophthaldehyde as a fluorescent probe for the feasible and sensitive assay of heptaminol: application to dosage forms and real human plasma
Authors: Derayea Sayed M. , Khashaba Pakinaz Y. , Abdelgaleel Mahmoud , Nagy Dalia M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe antihypotensive drug heptaminol was determined using a spectrofluorimetric method and ortho‐phthaladehyde as a fluorescence probe. The drug was mixed with the reagent in the presence of 2‐mercaptoethanol and the reaction was carried out in slightly alkaline aqueous solution containing 0.1 M sodium hydroxide. The resulting product exhibited high fluorescence activity that was measured at 451 nm after excitation at 334 nm. The linearity range of the method was 5–100 ng ml−1 with a lower detection limit of 1.8 ng ml−1. The procedure was evaluated according to the International Council of Harmonization guidelines. The proposed method was applied to analyze the drug in pharmaceutical tablets and oral drops. In addition, the present study represents the first spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of the cited drug in real human plasma. The method provided high recovery percentages without any interference from coexisting pharmaceutical excipients or the components of human plasma.
Ultrasound assisted in situ separation of sophorolipids in multi‐phase fermentation system to achieve efficient production by Candida bombicola
Authors: Chen Yang , Tang Xu , Li Ya , Liu Chang , Zhuang Yingping , Tian Xiwei , Chu Ju 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundSophorolipids (SLs) are regarded as one of the most promising biosurfactants. However, high production costs are the main obstacle to extended SLs application. Semi‐continuous fermentation, which is based on in situ separation, is a promising technology for achieving high SLs productivity.Methods and ResultsIn this study, the sedimentation mechanism of SLs was analyzed. The formation of a hydrophobic mixture of SLs and rapeseed oil was a key factor in sedimentation. And the hydrophobicity and density of the mixture determined SLs sedimentation rate. On this basis, ultrasonic enhanced sedimentation technology (UEST) was introduced, by which the sedimentation rates were increased by 46.9%–485.4% with different ratio of rapeseed oil to SLs. UEST‐assisted real‐time in situ separation and semi‐continuous fermentation were performed. SLs productivity and yield were 2.15 g L−1 h−1 and 0.58 g g−1, respectively, simultaneously the loss ratio of cells, glucose, and rapeseed oil were significantly reduced.ConclusionsThis study provides a new horizon for optimization of the SLs fermentation process.
Hair cortisol, social support, personality traits, and clinical course: differences in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Yang Fuzhong , Hong Xiangfei , Tao Jing , Chen Yupeng , Zhang Yanbo , Xiao Hua 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the differences in the relationship between hair cortisol concentration (HCC) and psychosocial stress, social support, clinical features, clinical course, and outcome in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.MethodsA total of 109 schizophrenia patients, 93 bipolar disorder patients and 86 healthy controls between 18 and 60 years old were enrolled in the study. Linear regression and factor analysis were employed to examine and compare the relationship between HCC and childhood trauma, the number of stressful life events, the amount of social support in the three months before the hair cortisol assessment, clinical fearures, clinical course, and outcome in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.ResultsHCC is significantly associated with clinical syndromes, including depression–anxiety factor of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale in schizophrenia patients, and thought disorder in bipolar disorder patients. However, HCC is positively related to social support and personality traits only in schizophrenia patients but not in bipolar disorder patients. Factor analysis indicates schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share a very similar but somewhat different structure in terms of HCC, psychosocial stress, social support, clinical features, clinical course, and outcome.ConclusionFindings support that schizophrenia and bipolar disoder have a significant overlap in both clinical characteristics and enviromental risk factors. Aberrant HCC contributes to the complexity of clinical characteristics mainly in schizophrenia.
Osteopenia is associated with wasting in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and predicts survival after surgery
Authors: Cameron Miles E. , Underwood Patrick W. , Williams Iverson E. , George Thomas J. , Judge Sarah M. , Yarrow Joshua F. , Trevino Jose G. , Judge Andrew R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the deadliest of all common malignancies. Treatment is difficult and often complicated by the presence of cachexia. The clinical portrait of cachexia contributes to the poor prognosis experienced by PDAC patients and worsens therapeutic outcomes. We propose that low bone mineral density is a component of cachexia, which we explore herein through a retrospective review of all patients at our facility that underwent surgery for PDAC between 2011 and 2018 and compared to sex‐, age‐ and comorbidity‐matched control individuals. Data were abstracted from the medical record and pre‐operative computed tomography scans. Muscle mass and quality were measured at the L3 level and bone mineral density was measured as the radiation attenuation of the lumbar vertebral bodies. Patients with PDAC displayed typical signs of cachexia such as weight loss and radiologically appreciable deterioration of skeletal muscle. Critically, PDAC patients had significantly lower bone mineral density than controls, with 61.2% of PDAC patients categorized as osteopenic compared to 36.8% of controls. PDAC patients classified as osteopenic had significantly reduced survival (1.01 years) compared to patients without osteopenia (2.77 years). The presence of osteopenia was the strongest clinical predictor of 1‐ and 2‐year disease‐specific mortality, increasing the risk of death by 107% and 80%, respectively. Osteopenia serves as a test of 2‐year mortality with sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 58%. These data therefore identify impaired bone mineral density as a key component of cachexia and predictor of postoperative survival in patients with PDAC. The mechanisms that lead to bone wasting in tumor‐bearing hosts deserve further study.
The impact of learning‐curve‐experience on transcatheter aortic valve replacement outcomes: Insights from the United Kingdom and Ireland all‐comers second‐generation ACURATE neo™ transcatheter aortic heart valve registry
Authors: Gunarathne Ashan , Tan Joon , Varcoe Richard , Bhandari Sanjay , Faour Amir , Tanseco Kristoffer , Mylotte Darren , Mitchell Andrew , Armario Xavier , Owens Colum , Spence Mark , Cunnington Michael , Casserly Ivan , Kovac Jan , Hildick‐Smith David , Baig Kamran 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe ACURATE neo™ is a novel, second‐generation self‐expanding supra‐annular transcatheter heart valve (THV). The objective of this multi‐centre registry is to assess the safety, clinical utility, and impact of ‘learning‐curve‐experience’ (LCE) on transcatheter aortic valve replacement outcomes in the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland.MethodsWe prospectively collected data from seven ACURATE neo™ THV implanting centres (n = 484) between February 2016 and November 2020. We compared mortality rates and outcomes in the LCE group (n = 120) compared to next successive 120 cases.ResultsThe mean age of the cohort was 81.9(SD: 6.1) years and the majority were in the moderate risk category (EuroSCORE‐II):3.3(SD: 3). The 97.5% of cases were performed under local anesthetic. The valve was successfully deployed in 98.8% of cases. The survival rate at 30 days was 97.9%. The incidence of stroke was 2.5%. Life threatening bleeding occurred in 0.6% of cases and vascular access complications occurred in 21 (4.3%) patients. Implantation‐related conduction abnormalities occurred in 8.3% but only 5.6% required a PPM. The successful valve deployment occurred in 96% of the patients in the LCE group compared to 100% in the other group (p = 0.04; OR‐2[CI 1.7–2.3]). The mortality rates at 30 days (1.7% vs. 1.7%) and 1 year (1.9% vs. 2.7%) were comparable between the two groups.ConclusionsThis study represents the largest published UK and Ireland real‐world experience of the ACURATE neo™ valve. The procedural success rates and safety outcomes were excellent and endorse its utility in clinical practice. The LCE appears to have an impact on the successful valve deployment but without translating into short‐term or long‐term outcomes.
A prospective trial of a novel low‐dose paclitaxel‐coated balloon therapy in patients with restenosis in drug‐eluting coronary stents Intracoronary Stenting and Angiographic Results: Optimizing Treatment of Drug Eluting Stent In‐stent REstenosis 3A (ISAR‐DESIRE 3A)
Authors: Kufner Sebastian , Rai Himanshu , Wiebe Jens , Altevogt Felix , Pyxaras Stylianos , Joner Michael , Xhepa Erion , Cassese Salvatore , Colleran Roisin , Schunkert Heribert , Zrenner Bernhard , Kastrati Adnan , Byrne Robert A. ,   for the Intracoronary Stenting and Angiographic Results: Optimizing Treatment of Drug Eluting Stent In‐Stent Restenosis 3A (ISAR‐DESIRE 3A) Investigators
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivesWe investigated the clinical efficacy of a paclitaxel‐coated balloon (PCB) with a novel matrix coating and reduced drug concentration in comparison with a widely used PCB with iopromide excipient.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled patients with restenosis in drug‐eluting stents. All patients were treated with a novel low‐dose PCB with citrate‐based excipient (Agent PCB). Angiographic follow‐up was scheduled at 6–8 months. Outcomes were compared against those of patients treated with iopromide excipient PCB (SeQuent Please PCB) enrolled in a trial with identical inclusion and exclusion criteria. The primary endpoint was percent diameter stenosis (%DS) at follow‐up angiography. The primary hypothesis was that the investigational device would be non‐inferior to the control device (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02367495).ResultsOne hundred twenty‐five patients with 151 lesions were enrolled. Mean age was 68.1 ± 10.2 years, 40.8% had diabetes mellitus and 80.1% had focal morphology in‐stent restenosis. Follow‐up angiography data at 6–8 months was available for 102 (81.6%) patients. The Agent PCB was non‐inferior to the SeQuent Please PCB in terms of the primary endpoint (38.9 ± 17.5 vs. 38.1 ± 21.5%; p non‐inferiority = 0.0056). Late lumen loss was also comparable between the groups (0.35 ± 0.55 vs. 0.37 ± 0.59; p = 0.71). There was no difference between the groups in the incidence of TLR (27.7% vs. 22.1%; p = 0.31), death or myocardial infarction (4.2% vs. 4.4%; p = 0.92) or target lesion thrombosis (1.0% vs. 0.7%; p = 0.93).ConclusionIn patients with DES restenosis, angioplasty with a novel PCB with citrate‐based excipient was non‐inferior to PCB with iopromide excipient in terms of angiographic outcome.
Afterglow Implant for Arterial Embolization and Intraoperative Imaging
Authors: Zhang Fuying , Xu Ming , Su Xianlong , Yuan Wei , Feng Wei , Su Qianqian , Li Fuyou 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTranscatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is wildly used in clinical treatments. However, the online monitoring of the thrombosis formation is limited due to the challenges of the direct visualization of embolic agents and the real‐time monitoring of dynamic blood flow. Thus, we developed a photochemical afterglow implant with strong afterglow intensity and a long lifetime for embolization and imaging. The liquid pre‐implant injected into the abdominal aorta of mice was rapidly transformed into a hydrogel in situ to embolize the blood vessel. The vascular embolism position can be observed by the enhanced afterglow of the fixed implant, and the long lifetime of afterglow can also be used to monitor the effect of embolization. This provides an excellent candidate in bio‐imaging to avoid the autofluorescence interference from continuous light excitation. The study suggests the potential usefulness of the implant as an embolic agent in TAE and artery imaging during a surgical procedure.
3D‐Druck miniaturisierter und mikrofluidischer Systeme
Authors: Enders Anton , Bahnemann Janina 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungMit Hilfe der 3D‐Drucktechnologie lassen sich innerhalb kürzester Zeit verschiedenste Prototypen fertigen, die im Bereich der Biotechnologie zum Einsatz kommen. Durch die hohe Präzision und die hochautomatisierte Drucktechnik können heute miniaturisierte und mikrofluidische Systeme mittels 3D‐Druck hergestellt werden. Dies Vereinfacht die Entwicklung und die Integration verschiedener mikrofluidischer Einheiten wie Mikromischer, was den Aufbau funktioneller mikrofluidischer Plattformen und Lab‐on‐a‐Chip‐Systemen fördert. Durch Verwendung biokompatibler Druckmaterialien lassen sich zudem individuelle Kultivierungssysteme und Durchflusszellen fertigen, die für die Kultivierung von Säugerzellen oder die Analyse biologischer Proben Anwendung finden.
Solubility of carbon dioxide and ethane in Lloydminster heavy oil: Experimental study and modelling
Authors: Ganapathi Rajkumar , Henni Amr , Shirif Ezeddin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHeavy oil reserves in the world represent 5.5 trillion barrels, which are equivalent to five times the conventional crude oil reserves. Heavy oil reserves will be the main petroleum source for the world's future demand for energy. To enhance the recovery of heavy oil/bitumen, solvent‐based recovery seems to be one of the most promising alternatives to costly thermal methods. Phase behaviour studies of light gases in heavy oil are therefore very important when designing surface facilities and for enhanced oil recovery operations. In this study, we present solubility data for carbon dioxide and ethane in Lloydminster heavy oil. Measurements were carried out using a microbalance at 290.2, 298.2, and 313.2 K and at pressures varying from 200–2000 kPa. Experimental data were regressed with the Peng‐Robinson (PR) equation of state. We also report results of the fractionation of the heavy oil and its characterization in terms of SARA (saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes) fractions. Henry's law constants for gaseous solvents were also regressed and reported. As expected, ethane had a higher solubility than CO2 in the heavy oil at all temperatures.
Disease characteristics and mortality among Asian women with breast cancer
Authors: Yu Alice Yunzi L. , Thomas Samantha M. , DiLalla Gayle D. , Greenup Rachel A. , Hwang E. Shelley , Hyslop Terry , Menendez Carolyn S. , Plichta Jennifer K. , Tolnitch Lisa A. , Fayanju Oluwadamilola M. 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundAsian women with breast cancer are often studied in aggregate, belying significant intragroup diversity. The authors sought to examine differences in breast cancer characteristics and outcomes among Asian women.MethodsAsian, non‐Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and non‐Hispanic White women aged 18 years and older who were diagnosed with breast cancer from 1990 to 2016 were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 database. Asian patients were subclassified as Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Filipino, Vietnamese, South Asian (Asian Indian or Pakistani), Southeast Asian (SEA, i.e., Cambodian, Laotian, Hmong, or Thai), or other Asian. Unadjusted overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) were estimated using the Kaplan‐Meier method. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted OS and CSS.ResultsIn total, 910,415 women were included (Asian, n = 63,405; Black, n = 92,226; Hispanic, n = 84,451; White, n = 670,333). Asian women had higher rates of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐positive disease compared with White women (18.7% vs 13.8%) and had the highest 10‐year unadjusted OS and CSS among all racial/ethnic groups (all P < .001). SEA women had the highest rates of stage IV disease at presentation, whereas Japanese women had the lowest rates (5.9% vs 2.7%; P < .001). Japanese women had the highest 10‐year unadjusted CSS (89.4%; 95% confidence interval, 88.7%‐90.1%) of any distinct Asian group, whereas SEA women had the worst unadjusted CSS (78%; 95% confidence interval, 74.1%‐81.3%; P < .001). After adjustment, SEA women had the worst OS of any Asian group and were the only Asian group without improved OS compared with White women (reference category; P = .08).ConclusionsBreast cancer characteristics and outcomes vary significantly among Asian women. Future research should consider disaggregation by country or region of origin to identify subgroups that are at risk for worse outcomes than aggregated data may suggest.Lay Summary

Asian women with breast cancer are frequently studied as a single entity.

However, Asian ethnic groups differ greatly by country of origin, genetic ancestry, disease frequency, socioeconomic status, patterns of immigration, as well as dietary and cultural practices.

Women of different Asian ethnicities vary significantly with regard to cancer characteristics, such as mortality and tumor subtype.

Future research should disaggregate these populations to better understand, treat, and counsel Asian patients with breast cancer.