bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recipients’ pregnancy rate was affected by season but not by the temperature‐humidity index (THI) in an equine commercial ET programme in Southern Europe
Authors: Fanelli Diana , Tesi Matteo , Ingallinesi Martina , Camillo Francesco , Panzani Duccio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study retrospectively analysed the effects of different environmental factors such as the photoperiod, temperature/humidity index of 19 years of a commercial embryo transfer programme performed in central Italy. From 340 donors of different breeds and aged between 2 and 25 years, 576 embryos of an excellent or good quality were obtained by uterine flushing on days 7–8 after ovulation. The embryos were transferred to 259 recipients, aged between 2 and 16 years, and belonging to different breeds. Both the donors and the recipients were employed for several cycles/years. At the time of transfer, the recipients were in diestrus, from day 4 to day 8 after ovulation, and were classified as excellent or good based on clinical examination findings. Out of the total number of embryos transferred, 437 pregnancies were obtained at 14 days (75.9%), with 48/437 (10.1%) embryonic losses at 40 days; with no significant differences among years. Significant differences (p < .05) were observed between 14‐day pregnancy rates for transfers performed during the spring transition and breeding seasons (77.1%) compared to those performed during the autumn transitional season (57.9%). No effect of temperature/humidity index was found on pregnancy rates or pregnancy losses after the transfer to the recipients (p > .05). Embryo transfer during autumn was less successful than the transfers performed during the spring transition and the breeding season.
Mapping the development of North Korea's domestic nuclear research networks
Authors: Baxter Philip , Hastings Justin V. , Kim Philseo , Yim Man‐Sung 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHow did North Korea's nuclear research community develop in the context of its science and technology policy, and how did this development reflect progress in North Korea's nuclear program? We conduct network analysis using a dataset of North Korean domestic scientific journal articles to assess the structure of the North Korea's nuclear research communities from the beginning of the country's nuclear program until its capability “completion” in 2018. We find that the networks showed increasing internal density of research collaborations, suggesting North Korea was able to improve knowledge transfer, and consolidate its nuclear research community over time. Furthermore, different areas of nuclear‐related research increased interconnectivity over time, particularly in the run‐up to milestones in North Korea's nuclear development. We close with implications for engaging with North Korea on science and technology issues.
Titanite as a petrogenetic indicator
Authors: Scibiorski Elisabeth A. , Cawood Peter A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe trace element composition of titanite reflects the temperature, pressure and bulk‐rock composition from which it crystallized. Two geochemical discriminators are identified by applying a support vector matrix (a machine learning classifier) to a global compilation of titanite trace element data. The compilation comprises more than 7,400 analyses of igneous and metamorphic titanite from a wide range of bulk‐rock compositions. First, igneous and metamorphic titanite are differentiated on the basis of Al/Fe and ∑LREE content. Variation in Th/U aids differentiation in composite settings, such as igneous rocks overprinted by metamorphism. Second, titanite from felsic host rocks is distinguished by low Zr/Y and high Fe content. For titanite from igneous rocks, this effectively discriminates titanite from mafic and felsic rocks. Together, these geochemical discriminators may be used to characterize the crystallization setting and host‐rock of an unknown titanite, a valuable tool with applications including petrochronology and detrital provenance analysis.
Constraining the slip rate of Jurassic rift faults through the drowning history of a carbonate platform
Authors: Santantonio Massimo , Cipriani Angelo , Fabbi Simone , Meister Christian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract“Classic” field mapping in sedimentary successions, where lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and sedimentology meet, still has potential for producing answers to long‐standing problems in basin analysis. In the Northern Apennines of Italy, constraints on the slip rates of Early Jurassic rift faults, related to the embryonic separation of Eurasia and Gondwana, are provided by sedimentology and ammonite biostratigraphy, coupled with the field mapping of exposed tracts of the submarine escarpments and of the clinoform slopes which bordered carbonate footwall blocks. Slip rates of 600–1,000 m/Myr are here computed for Tethyan rift faults, producing >1 km of palaeostructural relief in ~2 million years (earliest Sinemurian: Bucklandi p.p. – Semicostatum p.p. zones).
Extended General Relativity: (3+1)-anyons in a preinflationary cosmological model
Authors: Bellini Mauricio , Sánchez Pablo Alejandro 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe propose an extended General Relativistic formalism with boundary terms included, that describes the dynamics of quantum spinor fields, which can take intermediate values, named $$(3+1)$$

(
3
+
1
)

-anyons. In the approach here worked, we use an extended manifold in which the $$\left( 3+1\right) $$

3
+
1

-anyon fields can be expressed as a linear combination of bosons and fermions. We calculate the flow of these fields with self-interactions included in a preinflationary model that describes the birth of the universe from a null Hubble parameter, and we obtain the value of the cosmological parameter at this moment due to the flux of $$(3+1)$$

(
3
+
1
)

-anyons through the 3d-closed hypersurface. The spectral indices at the end of preinflation are in very good agreement with observations. In particular the tensor to scalar ratio obtained at the end of preinflation is very small: $$r(\phi _*) = 0.00336$$

r
(

ϕ

∗

)
=
0.00336

.
Exceptional sets related to the largest digits in Lüroth expansions
Authors: Lin Shuyi , Li Jinjun , Lou Manli 
Published: December 2021

Let [Formula: see text] denote the largest digit of the first [Formula: see text] terms in the Lüroth expansion of [Formula: see text]. Shen, Yu and Zhou, A note on the largest digits in Luroth expansion, Int. J. Number Theory 10 (2014) 1015–1023 considered the level sets [Formula: see text] and proved that each [Formula: see text] has full Hausdorff dimension. In this paper, we investigate the Hausdorff dimension of the following refined exceptional set: [Formula: see text] and show that [Formula: see text] has full Hausdorff dimension for each pair [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. Combining the two results, [Formula: see text] can be decomposed into the disjoint union of uncountably many sets with full Hausdorff dimension.
Gel polymer electrolyte combined lignocellulose with sodium alginate in lithium-ion battery
Authors: Xu Xi , Gan Junyuan , Huang Yun , Liu Jiapin , Zhao Ling , Li Chengwei , Chen Jiepeng , Li Xing , Wang Mingshan , Lin Yuanhua 
Published: December 2021

The adoption of gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) is a solution to efficiently solve the serious security risk of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). GPE based on lignocellulose (LC) and sodium alginate (SA) was prepared. When the proportion of SA reaches up to 20 wt.%, the obtained composite membrane has a liquid electrolyte uptake of 337 wt.% and a porosity of 58%, and its mechanical strength is over four times than that of pure LC-based membrane. In addition, the corresponding GPE with 20 wt.% SA (GLCSA-20) presents high lithium-ion transference number of 0.76, distinguished ion conductivity of 2.70 × 10[Formula: see text] S cm[Formula: see text], excellent discharge specific capacity (124 mAh cm[Formula: see text] at 1 C when 200th cycle of Li∥GLCSA-20∥LiFePO[Formula: see text] and outstanding cyclic stability. These virtues support that the GLCSA-20 has great potential for applications in safe LIBs.
Outcomes of a Foldable Capsular Vitreous Body Implantation: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Xu Xiangzhong , Ge Huimin , Li Jiajun , Shang Weihong , Ji Yuke , Yang Weihua , Li Keran 
Published: December 2021

Background. The vitreous body is an important part of the ocular body fluid. A foldable capsular vitreous body (FCVB) is designed to treat chronic adverse complications in severe ocular trauma and silicone oil-dependent eyes. This study is aimed at investigating a method for implanting an FCVB, its postoperative efficacy, and clinical value. Methods. A retrospective analysis was performed on data from 18 patients who underwent vitrectomy and FCVB implantation for severe ocular trauma and silicone oil-dependent eyes between March 2019 and May 2020. All treated eyes underwent clinical examinations involving the best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, FCVB position, anterior segment photography, and wide-angle fundus photography regularly after surgery. Results. Eighteen eyes from 18 patients were enrolled in this study. A total of 2.00–4.20 (

3.46
±
0.78

) ml of silicone oil were injected into the FCVB during surgery. The patients were followed up at 1, 2, and 4 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Twelve months after surgery, visual acuity improved in 7 (38.89%) eyes. In contrast, 10 (55.56%) eyes showed no obvious improvement, and 1 (5.56%) eye had decreased vision. Intraocular pressure at 12 months was

10.13
±
3.52

mmHg, which was comparable to that before the surgery (

t
=
0.38

,

P
=
0.71

). The anterior chamber depth examined by slit lamp was 2.00–3.00 cornea thickness (CT) in 7 eyes, 1.00–2.00 CT in 2 eyes, and <1.00 CT in one eye. The anterior chamber disappeared in eight eyes. There were eight eyes with clear cornea, four eyes with localized opacity, and two eyes with obvious gray-white opacity. There was no case of severe FCVB deflection, rupture, or exposure during the observation period. Conclusion. FCVB implantation is an effective and safe treatment for eyes with severe ocular trauma and silicone oil-dependent eyes. It may support retinal reattachment, slow down eyeball atrophy, reduce the risk of chronic adverse complications such as corneal endothelial decompensation, and maintain intraocular pressure and preoperative visual function.
Comprehensive checklist of algal class Chlorophyceae (sensu Fritsch, 1935) for Uttar Pradesh, India, with updated taxonomic status
Authors: Verma Sushma , Toppo Kiran , Nayaka Sanjeeva 
Published: December 2021

Uttar Pradesh is an active center for algal research in India, but regional checklists are not available. Checklists of algae reported from class Chlorophyceae (sensu Fritsch, 1935) are presented here, with taxonomic status updated per AlgaeBase. The checklist covers algae from 17 types of habitats and includes 749 species, 166 varities and six forma, belonging to four phyla, 11 classes, 26 orders, 64 families and 161 genera. Charophyta is the dominant phylum with 519 infrageneric taxa (species, varities, forma), while Chlorophyta is represented by 389 taxa. Zygnematophyceae is the dominant class with 465 infrageneric taxa under two orders, six families and 29 genera. Chlorophyceae has 305 infrageneric taxa under five orders, 33 families, and 76 genera. Cosmarium is the most speciose genus with 163 taxa, followed by Oedogonium (79), Spirogyra (72), and Closterium (54). Our study revealed that of 75 districts in Uttar Pradesh only 40 are explored for algae, with Prayagraj and Lucknow recording 266 and 144 taxa respectively.
Activist as Symptom: Healing Trauma within a Ruptured Collective
Authors: Granovetter Sara 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Animal activists serve as symptom-bearers for trans-species collective trauma within Western-industrial society. Findings from literature on traumatology and nonhuman animal activism, contemporary discourse, and the voices of ten activists currently in the field suggest that many animal activists suffer some form of trauma. Activist trauma arises through overlapping, complex relational processes of intersubjective attunement with nonhuman animals and embeddedness within a human social context that disavows nonhuman suffering. In understanding activist trauma as a symptom of a dysfunctional system, I depathologize activist suffering and view activists as integral members of a whole society that seeks healing.
The Process of Coming and Going in this World: Conversation About Interspecies Collaboration, Domestication, Sound
Authors: Burke Ruth K. , Landau Jessica 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Process of Coming and Going in this World is a four-channel, site-specific installation by artist Ruth Burke. The work incorporates its audience, including nonhuman collaborators. While dependent on time and place, it has been preserved in audio recordings and photographs. In this interview between the artist and art historian Jessica Landau, they discuss the installation’s use of sound, time, and place to evoke interspecies relationships based on collaboration and co-constituted domestication. While using the installation and subsequent sound recording of it as a starting point, the conversation looks at the ways our relationships with animals on farms involve notions of time and place, companionship, and coevolution.
“Is it gonna be fun?”: Lolabelle, Dog Pianists, and Musical Réussite
Authors: Altizer Katherine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article examines historical dog pianists and the pianistic training of Lolabelle the rat terrier to explore a musical question beyond structure and intention: what might musical encounters between human and nonhuman animals make possible? Reviewers of Laurie Anderson’s film Heart of a Dog, in which some of Lolabelle’s performances appear, rarely center either Lolabelle or her pianism and frequently distance themselves from indicating belief in the musicality of the activity. The tone of this reporting is consistent with that of other Western reporting on dog pianists in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. While piano-playing dogs have historically strengthened the human-animal divide by reinforcing dogs’ status as never-human, the frames for anthropomorphic acts are what strengthen this divide rather than something inherent in the anthropomorphic activity itself.
Embodied Violence Towards Nonhuman Animals in Anne Brontë’s Agnes Grey
Authors: Stevens Valerie L. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Aware of her pupil’s plans to torture and kill a nest of birds, and with no authority to stop him based on her class, gender, and professional positions, the governess-heroine of Anne Brontë’s (2010/1847) Agnes Grey kills the nonhuman animals to keep them from needless suffering. Building on Brontë scholarship as well as animal studies understandings of violence and embodiment, this article considers expectations that Victorian sympathy will be a simplistic and pretty play on reader emotions to argue that nineteenth-century sympathetic feeling was more theoretically and ethically complex than we might imagine. Agnes Grey demonstrates how human-animal violence was thought to be an acceptable expression of middle- and upper-class masculinity, while proper women were expected to be complicit with this treatment of nonhumans. By looking at the close relationship between wanton and merciful embodied violence, the article shows how grotesque Victorian human-animal sympathy could be.
Internal Border Control in the Schengen Area and Health Threats: Any Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Montaldo Stefano 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the Member States’ overreliance on the rules of the Schengen Borders Code allowing for temporary reintroduction of border control and has questioned the institutional narrative of an EU-wide borderless area as a key achievement of the integration process. This article focuses on the legal implications of the border measures enacted by the Member States following the COVID-19 outbreak and discusses their compatibility with relevant EU law, also in the light of available epidemiological studies on the link between border controls and spread of the virus. The analysis contends that the pandemic has offered an unprecedented opportunity to pave the way to shared solutions to the enduring crisis of the internal dimension of the Schengen area, such as a detailed reform of the Schengen Borders Code and a reconsideration of the current governance of the Schengen area itself.
Ceci n’est pas un contrôle: PNR Data Processing and the Reshaping of Borderless Travel in the Schengen Area
Authors: Jeandesboz Julien 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Can national authorities perform systematic checks on persons engaged in cross-border travel in the Schengen area without these checks being considered as border checks or as having an equivalent effect to border checks? The present article investigates a specific set of measures that involve the harnessing of “new technology” to enact systematic controls on persons traveling across the internal borders of Schengen states, through the processing of Passenger Name Record (PNR) data and in the framework of the EU PNR Directive. It argues that PNR data processing should at the same time be understood as part of the alternatives to border checks available for Member States to regulate cross-border mobility in the Schengen area and as a standout among these measures. PNR data processing challenges the existing legal framework of Article 23(a) of the Schengen Borders Code (SBC) as well as the assessment framework developed by the CJEU in its relevant case-law, not because it contravenes Schengen rules, but because it stretches and overflows them. Ultimately, PNR data processing puts into question the very understanding of what checks performed in relation to the act or intention of crossing a border actually stand for or whether controls related to border crossings can be characterised as border controls.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) at Schengen Borders: Automated Processing, Algorithmic Profiling and Facial Recognition in the Era of Techno-Solutionism
Authors: Vavoula Niovi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Since the past three decades, an elaborate legal framework on the operation of EU-Schengen information systems has been developed, whereby in the near future a series of personal data concerning almost all third-country nationals (TCN s) with an administrative or criminal law link with the EU/Schengen area will be monitored through at least one information system. This article provides a legal analysis on the embedment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools at the EU level in information systems for TCN s and critically examines the fundamental rights concerns that ensue from the use AI to manage and control migration. It discusses automated risk assessment and algorithmic profiling used to examine applications for travel authorisations and Schengen visas, the shift towards the processing of facial images of TCN s and the creation of future-proof information systems that anticipate the use of facial recognition technology. The contribution understands information systems as enabling the datafication of mobility and as security tools in an era whereby a foreigner is risky by default. It is argued that a violation of the right to respect for private life is merely the gateway for a series of other fundamental rights which are impacted, such as non-discrimination and right to effective remedies.
Schengen and the Administration of Exclusion: Legal Remedies Caught in between Entry Bans, Risk Assessment and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Brouwer Evelien 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To create an area in which persons can move freely, the Schengen states committed to control their external borders to prevent irregular immigration and the entry of third-country nationals (TCN s) who are considered to be ‘a public order and security risk’. The exclusion of ‘unwanted aliens’ can be based on the mutual enforcement of national decisions, such as entry bans reported in the Schengen Information System, or objections against the issuing of a Schengen visa, based on the consultation procedure in the Visa Code. This contribution focuses on the right of TCN s to have access to effective remedies, both with regard to existing and newer mechanisms of exclusion. It argues that when dealing with the use of large-scale databases and risk assessment as basis for excluding admission, existing rules and case-law by the CJEU should be taken into account to ensure access to effective judicial protection for TCN s.
Fundamental Rights as the Cornerstone of Schengen
Authors: Strik Tineke 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Although the Schengen Border Code (SBC) explicitly obliges Member States to apply the Schengen rules in full compliance with the fundamental rights, Member States’ adherence to this obligation can be questioned in light of recurrent and reliable reports about fundamental rights violations at the EU’s external borders. This contribution will examine why, apart from the deficiencies in the SCHE-VAL mechanism, the current response towards fundamental rights violations at the border is ineffective. First, it will analyse the legal framework, including the implementing rules, to see if additional guidance is needed. Second, the enforcement mechanisms will be examined: how are violations being addressed at the national level, and how does the EU Commission perceive and fulfills its role regarding enforcement of compliance? As the Commission has often referred to the monitoring mechanism as proposed in the draft Screening Regulation, the contribution will examine to what extent this New Pact file will help to resolve the current impunity. Finally, the article will analyse the role of Frontex regarding human rights violations by Member States. What is their responsibility, how do they perform it, and who is enforcing compliance by Frontex?
The “Millstätter Predigten” (Millstatt Sermons), Petrus Berchorius, and Mechthild of Magdeburg
Authors: Seelbach Sabine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article presents the project “Virtual Benedictine library Millstatt” (www.virtbibmillstatt.com/), which is dedicated to the cultural memory and educational history of Carinthia in the broadest sense. It aims to reconstruct the hitherto little-known and little-researched corpus of manuscripts from the Benedictine Abbey of Millstatt, to identify its texts, and to shed light on their history of use. Against the background of the eventful history of ownership of the Millstatt library, the problems that arise when trying to reliably assign manuscripts scattered around the world to the Millstatt corpus are outlined. Examples will be used to show the extent to which external features (binding, signature system, accessories), but also text-internal indications, make the origin and ownership history of the manuscripts traceable. Spectacular new finds are presented, but also erroneous assumptions about the affiliation of certain texts to the reading canon of the Millstatt Benedictines are pointed out.
Spaces of Memory
Authors: Torre Andrea 
Published: December 2021

Abstracts
The essay aims to explore the theme of memory in Petrarch’s Latin Works and in his intellectual experience, analysing especially one of the two metaphoric fields of memory, namely that which defines memory as a space that can be created, organised, filled with contents, and revisited with the specific aim of learning and discovering while remembering past events. Petrarch’s constant interest in the structure and processes of memory and in the heuristic quality of the act of remembering seems to be effectively condensed into some metaphors (like thesaurus, arca, arx, cella, etc.) involved with the idea of repository that can be depicted in different ways depending on whether the aim is that of emphasising the value of the memories contained in it, or its possible religious applications, or its creative function.