bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome Sequencing and Metabolome Analysis Reveal the Mechanism of Shuanghua Baihe Tablet in Treatment of Oral Mucositis
Authors: Geng Qishun , Liu Ruijuan , Shen Zhibo , Wei Qian , Zheng Yuanyuan , Jia Lanqi , Wang Longhao , Li Lifeng , Zhao Jie , Xue Wenhua 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Oral mucositis (OM) caused by chemotherapy is the most common complication in the radiotherapy of head and neck tumors. In severe cases, it can lead to the interruption of treatment, which can affect the control of the disease and the life quality of patients. Shuanghua Baihe tablet (SBT) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, which is administerd to treat OM in China. It has been clinically effective for more than 30 years, but its mechanism is still unclear. With the rise of multiple omics, it is possible to study the mechanism of Chinese herbal compound prescriptions. Methods: Based on transcriptomics and metabolomics, we explored the mechanism of SBT in the treatment of OM. The OM model of rats was established by 5-FU induction, and SBT was orally administered at dosages of 0.75 and 3g/kg/day. In order to search for SBT targets and related metabolites, the dysregulated genes and metabolites were detected by transcriptomics and metabolomics. Immune related indicators such as interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by ELISA. Treg cell disorders was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: Our results showed that SBT significantly alleviated the symptoms of OM rats and the inflammatory infiltration of ulcer tissues. After SBT administration, inflammatory related metabolic pathways including linoleic acid metabolism, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis were significantly altered. Furthermore, the production of proinflammatory factors like IL-17 and TNF-α, was also dramatically reduced after SBT administration. Besides, the infiltration degree of Treg cells in the spleen of OM model rats was significantly improved by SBT administration, thus maintaining the immune balance of the body.Conclusions: This study shows that SBT regulates inoleic acid metabolism, Glycerophospholipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism, and inhibits IL-17/TNF signal transduction to restore Treg and Th17 cell homeostasis in OM rats, thereby alleviating chemotherapy-induced OM.
Ciprofloxacin Induced Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium Mutants and Genome Analysis
Authors: Kakatkar Aarti , Das Anubrata , Shashidhar Ravindranath 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Salmonella species is an important food-borne pathogen. Ciprofloxacin is used for treatment of salmonellosis. The wild type of Salmonella Typhimurium was exposed to 10-fold of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin. The survivors of the first exposure were regrown. This regrown population was exposed to similar ciprofloxacin treatment. After 20 repetitions of the antibiotic exposure, the survival population was evaluated for antibiotic resistance. The mutants had 100-fold more of the initial MIC. The mutants were of smaller size (0.7 ± 0.5 mm) with a lag phase of 70 min. These mutants were resistant to other antibiotics belonging to different classes but were sensitive to heat and osmotic stress. The whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis of antibiotic resistant mutants revealed interesting mutation pattern. Total 40513 mutations were observed across the genome (total 3843 annotated genes). Relatively small percentage (5.2%) of mutations were non-synonymous. Four-fold more transitions were observed than transversions. Ratio of <1 transition vs transversion shows a positive selection for antibiotic resistant trait. Seven genes with over 50 mutations were observed. However, mutation distribution across the genome was relatively uniform. The important genes like dnaE, gyrA, iroC, metH and rpoB involved in antibiotic resistance had point mutations. The genome analysis showed that most affected pathways were transcription regulation, transmembrane transport, cell adhesion, pathogenesis, pilus assembly, oxidation-reduction mechanisms, phosphor-relay signal transduction and LPS biosynthesis. We propose that development resistance to ciprofloxacin is because of the mutations in these genes.
Asymmetric Vibrations and Chaos in Spherical Caps under Uniform Time-varying Pressure Fields
Authors: Iarriccio Giovanni , Zippo Antonio , Pellicano Francesco 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a study on nonlinear asymmetric vibrations in shallow spherical caps under pressure loading. The Novozhilov’s nonlinear shell theory is used for modelling the structural strains. A reduced-order model is developed through the Rayleigh-Ritz method and Lagrange equations. The equations of motion are numerically integrated using an implicit solver. The bifurcation scenario is addressed by varying the external excitation frequency. The occurrence of asymmetric vibrations related to quasi-periodic and chaotic motion is shown through the analysis of time histories, spectra, Poincaré maps, and phase planes.
Electroacupuncture Pretreatment Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1-Mediated Anti-Apoptosis via Inhibiting NF-kB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yin Nina , Long Man , Wang Zhigang , Shao Luyao , Bi Jing , Chen Zebin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Our previous study showed that electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment elicited protective effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, at least partly, which was associated with transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-regulated anti-oxidant stress and anti-inflammation. In this study, we further investigated the possible contribution of TRPV1-mediated anti-apoptosis in EA pretreatment-evoked neuroprotection. After EA pretreatment at Baihui (GV20), bilateral Shenshu (BL23) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) acupoints, transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h followed by reperfusion for 6 h in rats. Then, infarct volume, nerve cell injury, neuronal apoptosis, NF-κB signaling activation, and expression of TRPV1 were evaluated by TTC staining, hematoxylin-eosin staining, transmission electron microscopy, immunochemistry, immunofluorescence, and Western blot, respectively. The presented data showed that EA pretreatment significantly reduced infarct volume, relieved nerve cell injury, decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and cleaved caspase-3, increased the level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, inhibited NF-κB (p65) transcriptional activity, and curbed TRPV1 expression in MCAO rats. By contrast, enhancement of TRPV1 expression accompanying capsaicin application, the specific TRPV1 agonists, markedly accelerated nerve cell damage, aggravated neuronal apoptosis, prompted nuclear translocation of NF-κB (p65), resulting in the reversion of EA pretreatment-evoked neuroprotective effect in MCAO rats. Thus, we conclude that EA pretreatment-induced downregulation of neuronal TRPV1 expression plays an anti-apoptosis role through inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby protecting MCAO rats from cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Gender Differences in Metabolic Disorder Prevalence Among North China Residents: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Hao Zhihua , Ge Yanhong , Zhu Qiuxiao , Li Jie , Liu Zibo , Yuan Lingling , Zhang Yue , Wang Zan , Wang Mian , Zhang Lihui 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have found sex disparity in the prevalence of metabolic disorders. However, information is lacking on gender difference among residents of north China and little epidemiological data is available on metabolic disorders in North China. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 2650 randomly selected adult residents of Hebei province, North China. Demographic, biochemical, and physical examination parameters were collected and compared between men and women. Metabolic disorder prevalence was estimated and their associations with baseline characteristics was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results: Our data suggest that the prevalence of metabolic disorders including metabolic syndrome (MetS), diabetes, prediabetes, hypertension, central obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia are significantly higher in men than in women. We find that aging people, overweight or obese people, urban residents, smokers, people with lower education, manual workers, and people with family history of diabetes are at higher risk of metabolic disorders. However, these associations differ between men and women.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that metabolic disorders are an important public health concern and highlights an urgent need for intervention in middle-aged and elderly populations in North China. There are sex-specific associations between multiple risk factors and metabolic disorders.
Design of Zn1-xCuxO Nanocomposite Ag-doped As An Efficient Antibacterial Agent
Authors: moosavifar maryam , Zarrini Golamreza , Barjasteh Elnaz Mashmool 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study aims at the preparation of antimicrobial nanoparticles hybrid based on silver (Ag) doped Zn1-xCuxO. Zn1-xCuxO nanocomposite Ag-doped prepared via wet chemical route, co-precipitation, and impregnation method, respectively. The inclusion of silver in the nanocomposite did not change its structure. However, the insertion of CuO into the ZnO structure has no impact due to the similarity of Cu ion radius with Zn ion radius (0.74 toward 0.73 Å). Hybrid nanomaterials characterized by XRD, FT-IR, and FESEM technique. The effect of loading of CuO nanoparticles into ZnO nanomaterials investigated on their antimicrobial behavior. For this purpose, CuO with a variety ratio doped on the ZnO nanoparticles, and then Ag entrapped by impregnation methods. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) measurements were carried out to measure the antimicrobial behavior of ZnO(Ag) and mixed hybrid Zn1-xCuxO(Ag) towards gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and fungus. gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were generally more sensitive to ZnO and CuO nanoparticles, respectively. Then, these hybrid nanomaterials can be an excellent candidate for both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Validating a Japanese Version of the Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire
Authors: Ojio Yasutaka , Matsunaga Asami , Kawamura Shin , Horiguchi Masanori , Yoshitani Goro , Hatakeyama Kensuke , Amemiya Rei , Kanie Ayako , Purcell Rosemary , Rice Simon M. , Fujii Chiyo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: There is increasing international interest in clinical practice and research related to mental health in the international sports society. The athletes-specific psychological distress assessment tool that addresses potential mental health needs can help promote early detection and recovery of mental illness, as well as physical illnesses. Currently, little is known about the applicability of the useful assessment tool for Japanese elite athletes. The Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire (APSQ) is a brief, effective and reliable screening tool to identify early signs of athlete-specific distress and potential mental health symptoms. We examined the applicability and reliability of a Japanese version of the APSQ (APSQ-J) in a Japanese elite athlete context. Further, we examined the construct validity of the APSQ-J. Methods: We collected web-based anonymous self-report data from 219 currently competing Japanese professional male rugby players. A two-stage process was conducted to validate the factor structure of the APSQ-J using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) in a randomly partitioned calibration sample and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in a separate validation sample. Cronbach’s alpha is used to assess internal consistency. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were calculated to determine if the APSQ-J was significantly associated with measures of psychological distress and wellbeing using Kessler-6 (K6) and the WHO-5 Well-Being Index, respectively, respectively. Results: We identified a one-factor structure for the APSQ-J. Confirmatory factor analysis supports this one-factor model, revealing good model fit indices. The standardized path coefficients for each of the items were β =0.41 to 0.83 (p < 0.001). A Cronbach’s alpha of 0.84 was obtained for the APSQ-J. The APSQ-J demonstrated significant correlations with the K-6 (r = 0.80, p <0.001) and WHO-5 (r = -0.58, p <0.001).Conclusion: The APSQ-J can be an appropriate and psychometrically robust measure for identifying athlete-specific distress in elite athletes in Japan. Widely disseminating and utilizing this scale in Japanese sports society may support athletes' mental health via early detection of symptoms of psychological distress.
Basic Analysis of Calcium-dependent Protein Kinase Gene and Its Closely Related Gene Families in Solanum Pennellii Genome
Authors: Shi Jinyan , Du Xiangge 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPK) are the main Ca2 + sensor involved in the regulation of plant growth and development and various stress responses. In this study, we identified 32 CDPK (SpCDPK) genes and 7 CDPK-related protein kinase (SpCRK) genes in the whole genome of Solanum Pennellii, which were unevenly distributed on 12 chromosomes. The SpCDPK and SpCRK proteins own ATP-binding region and Ser/Thr protein kinase region. However, the SpCDPK proteins had EF-hand calcium-binding region, but the SpCRK proteins lacked it. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the SpCDPK and SpCRK gene families in Solanum Pennellii could be divided into four subgroups, and the evolutionary relationship between Solanum Pennellii and Arabidopsis thaliana was closer. Further analysis revealed that the exon-intron structure and conserved motif of each subgroup were basically the same, but there were differences in cis-acting elements. In this study, we conducted a preliminary analysis of SpCDPK and SpCRK gene families in Solanum Pennellii to provide basic data for further exploration of its molecular mechanism.
High-Sensitivity MEMS Pressure Sensor Utilizing Bipolar Junction Transistor with Temperature Compensation
Authors: Basov Mikhail 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The paper presents MEMS pressure sensor chip utilizing novel electrical circuit with bipolar-junction transistor-based (BJT) differential amplifier with negative feedback loop (PDA-NFL). Pressure sensor chips with two circuits have been manufactured and tested: the first chip uses circuit with vertical n-p-n (V-NPN) BJTs and the second – circuit with horizontal p-n-p (L-PNP) BJTs. The demonstrated approach allows for increase of pressure sensitivity while keeping the same chip size. It also can be used for chip size reduction and increase of pressure overload capability while maintaining the same pressure sensitivity. Significant reduction of both noise and temperature instability of output signal has been demonstrated using transistor amplifier with negative feedback loop.
Hyperoxia During Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Refractory Cardiac Arrest Is Associated With Severe Circulatory Failure and Increased Mortality
Authors: Bonnemain Jean , Rusca Marco , Ltaief Zied , Roumy Aurélien , Tozzi Piergiorgio , Oddo Mauro , Kirsch Matthias , Liaudet Lucas 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: High levels of arterial oxygen pressures (PaO2) have been associated with increased mortality in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR), but there is limited information regarding possible mechanisms linking hyperoxia and death in this setting, notably with respect to its hemodynamic consequences. We aimed therefore at evaluating a possible association between PaO2, circulatory failure and death during ECPR.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 44 consecutive cardiac arrest (CA) patients treated with ECPR to determine the association between the mean PaO2 over the first 24h, arterial blood pressure, vasopressor and intravenous fluid therapies, mortality, and cause of deaths.Results: Eleven patients (25%) survived to hospital discharge. The main causes of death were refractory circulatory shock (46%) and neurological damage (24%). Compared to survivors, non survivors had significantly higher mean 24h PaO2 (306±121 mmHg vs 164±53 mmHg, p < 0.001), lower mean blood pressure and higher requirements in vasopressors and fluids, but displayed similar pulse pressure during the first 24h (an index of native cardiac recovery). The mean 24h PaO2 was significantly correlated with hypotension and vasoactive therapies. Patients dying from neurological cause had better preserved blood pressure and lower vasopressor requirements. Patients dying from circulatory failure died after a median of 17h, compared to a median of 58 h for patients dying from a neurological cause (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–0.99, p = 0.001).Conclusion: In conclusion, hyperoxia is associated with increased mortality during ECPR, possibly by promoting circulatory collapse or delayed neurological damage.
Cardiorespiratory Impact of Intrathoracic Pressure Overshoot During Artificial Carbon Dioxide Pneumothorax: a Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Ren Yunqin , Zhu Xing , Yan Hong , Chen Liyong , Mao Qingxiang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate cardiovascular and respiratory effects of intrathoracic pressure overshoot (higher than insufflation pressure) in patients who underwent thoracoscopic esophagectomy with carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumothorax.Methods: This prospective research included 200 patients who were scheduled for esophagectomy. The patients were randomly divided into the Stryker insufflator (STR) group and the Storz insufflator (STO) group. We recorded the changes of intrathoracic pressure, cardiopulmonary function and recovery time, and compared these indexes between the two groups.Results: We found that during the artificial pneumothorax, intrathoracic pressure overshoot occurred in both the STR group (8.9 mmHg, 38 times per hour) and the STO group (9.8 mmHg, 32 times per hour). The recorded maximum intrathoracic pressures were up to 58 mmHg in the STR group and 51 mmHg in the STO group. The average duration of intrathoracic pressure overshoot was significantly longer in the STR group (5.3 ± 0.86 s) vs. the STO group (1.2 ± 0.31 s). During intrathoracic pressure overshoot, a greater reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (5.6 mmHg vs 1.1 mmHg), a higher elevation in airway peak pressure (4.8 ± 1.17 cmH2O vs 0.9 ± 0.41 cmH2O), and a larger increase in CVP (8.2 ± 2.86 cmH2O vs 4.9 ± 2.35 cmH2O) were observed in the STR group than in the STO group. Vasopressors were also applied more frequently in the STR group than in the STO group (68% vs 43%, P < 0.01). The reduction of SBP caused by thoracic pressure overshoot was significantly correlated with the duration of overshoot (R = 0.76) while not with the maximum overshoot pressure.Conclusion: Intrathoracic pressure overshoot can occur during thoracoscopic surgery with artificial CO2 pneumothorax and may lead to cardiovascular adverse effects which highly depend on the duration of the pressure overshoot.
‘Comparison of Patient Reported Outcome Measures for Direct Visual Internal Urethrotomy and Non-Transecting Urethroplasty for Short Bulbar Stricture’
Authors: Sitaram Mummalaneni , Reddy Suraj Jayadeva , CHAWLA ARUN , Rosette Jean J.M.C.H de la , Laguna Pilar , Pillai Sunil , Reddy Bathi Sourabh , Pandit Shruti , Choudhary Anupam 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background:To evaluate the functional and sexual outcomes of Primary DVIU and Non- transecting bulbar urethroplasty (NTA) for short segment (<2 cm) bulbar urethral strictures using the Modified USS PROM.Methods:The USS PROM questionnaire comprising of a six-item LUTS domain, a LUTS-specific QOL question, and a peeling’s voiding picture score was used. To achieve a holistic approach to the evaluation of stricture surgery outcomes a six-item IIEF and four-item version of MSHQ-EjD domains, completed the questionnaires. All cases of short bulbar urethral stricture who underwent primary DVIU and NTA between September 2018 and September 2019 and consented to filling out the questionnaires were enrolled into the study. Results:The LUTS score for the NTA at 12 months is significantly better (1.93 ± 2.13 Vs 8.76 ± 5.92, p=0.000). The Peeling score of the NTA is significant better at 6 months (1.59 ± 0.56 Vs 2.26 ± 0.96, p=0.000) and 12 months (1.41 ± 0.68 Vs 2.67 ± 0.73, p=0.000). Erectile function score at 12 months for NTA is significantly better than DVIU (24.37 ± 3.2 Vs 21.143 ± 2.86, p=0.001). The Ejaculatory function score at 6 months is significantly better for the NTA. Finally the Uroflowmetry (Qmax) is significant in NTA group at 12 months (26.7 ± 4.08 Vs 15.35 ± 5.16, p =0.000).Conclusion:NTA shows superior outcomes in almost all domains of USS- PROM, both in terms of voiding and sexual function. This should be the preferred first choice treatment for short segment bulbar stricture.Trail Registration- CTRI /2020/02/023578
The mtDNA Mutation Spectrum in the Polg Mutator Mouse Reveals Germline and Somatic Selection
Authors: Maclaine Kendra D , Stebbings Kevin A , Havird Justin C 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background:Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) codes for products necessary for electron transport and mitochondrial gene translation. mtDNA mutations can lead to human disease and influence organismal fitness. The PolG mutator mouse lacks mtDNA proofreading function and rapidly accumulates mtDNA mutations, making it a model for examining the causes and consequences of mitochondrial mutations. Premature aging in PolG mice and their physiology have been examined in depth, but the location, frequency, and diversity of their mtDNA mutations remain understudied. Identifying the locations and spectra of mtDNA mutations in PolG mice can shed light on how selection shapes mtDNA, both within and across organisms.Results:Here, we characterized somatic and germline mtDNA mutations in brain and liver tissue of PolG mice to quantify mutation count (number of unique mutations) and frequency (mutation prevalence). Overall, mtDNA mutation count and frequency were the lowest in the D-loop, where an mtDNA origin of replication is located, but otherwise uniform across the mitochondrial genome. Somatic mtDNA mutations have a higher mutation count than germline mutations. However, germline mutations maintain a higher frequency and were also more likely to be silent. Cytosine to thymine mutations characteristic of replication errors were the plurality of basepair changes, and missense C to T mutations primarily resulted in increased protein hydrophobicity. Indel mutations had a lower count and frequency than point mutations and tended to be short, frameshift deletions.Conclusions:Our results provide strong evidence that purifying selection plays a major role in the mtDNA of PolG mice. Missense mutations were less likely to be passed down in the germline, and they were less likely to spread to high frequencies. The D-loop appears to have resistance to mutations, either through selection or as a by-product of replication processes. Missense mutations that decrease hydrophobicity also tend to be selected against, reflecting the membrane-bound nature of mtDNA-encoded proteins. The abundance of mutations from polymerase errors compared with reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage supports previous studies suggesting ROS plays a minimal role in exacerbating the PolG phenotype. Our results provide further insight on how selection shapes mtDNA mutations and on the aging mechanisms in PolG mice.