bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can functional electrical stimulation–assisted cycle ergometry replace insulin infusion in patients? A nested substudy in a randomized controlled trial with 6 months’ follow‐up
Authors: Waldauf Petr , Urban Tomáš , Krajčová Adéla , Jiroutková Kateřina , Blahutová Barbora , Bakalář Bob , Řasová Kamila , Grünerová‐Lippertová Marcela , Gojda Jan , Duška František 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundFunctional electrical stimulation–assisted cycle ergometry (FESCE) can deliver active exercise to critically ill patients, including those who are sedated. Aerobic exercise is known to stimulate skeletal muscle glucose uptake. We asked whether FESCE can reduce intravenous insulin requirements and improve insulin sensitivity in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.MethodWe performed an a priori–planned secondary analysis of data from an outcome‐based randomized controlled trial (NCT 02864745) of FESCE‐based early‐mobility program vs standard of care in mechanically ventilated patients. We analyzed glucose profile, glucose intake, and insulin requirements during ICU stay in all enrolled patients. In a nested subgroup, we performed hyperinsulinemic (120 mIU/min/m2) euglycemic clamps at days 0, 7, and 180 (n = 30, 23, and 11, respectively).ResultsWe randomized 150 patients 1:1 to receive intervention or standard of care. Seventeen (23%) patients in each study arm had a history of diabetes. During ICU stay, patients received 137 ± 65 and 137 ± 88 g/day carbohydrate (P = .97), and 31 vs 35 (P = .62) of them required insulin infusion to maintain blood glucose 8.61 ± 2.82 vs 8.73 ± 2.67 mM (P = .75, n = 11,254). In those treated with insulin, median daily dose was 53 IU (interquartile range [IQR], 25–95) vs 62 IU (IQR, 26–96) in the intervention and control arm, respectively (P = .44). In the subgroup of patients undergoing hyperglycemic clamps, insulin sensitivities improved similarly and significantly from acute and protracted critical illness to 6 months after discharge.ConclusionThe FESCE‐based early‐mobility program does not significantly reduce insulin requirements in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation.
The influence of selected indigenous yeasts on Pinot Noir wine colour properties
Authors: Topić Božič Jelena , Butinar Lorena , Antalick Guillaume , Sternad Lemut Melita , Martelanc Mitja , Albreht Alen , Korte Dorota , Mozetič Vodopivec Branka 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe use of indigenous selected starters in winemaking is gaining interest due to certain advantages for the sensory quality of the wine. The present work shows the results of a laboratory experiment in which the influence of selected indigenous yeasts on the colour characteristics of Pinot Noir was studied with the use of high hydroxycinnamate decarboxylase activity yeasts. Pichia guilliermondii ZIM624 and Wickerhamomyces anomalus S138 yeasts were used in sequential fermentation with two strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the native ZIM2180 strain and commercial Fermol Premier Cru (FPC).RESULTSIn co‐inoculation fermentations, non‐Saccharomyces yeasts decreased colour intensity (on average by 25.5%). In wines fermented with ZIM624, the concentration of vinylphenolic pyranoanthocyanins increased (average concentration 1.5 mg L−1). However, vitisin concentration was significantly higher in S138 + FPC fermentation (1.3 mg L−1 and an average of 0.9 mg L−1, respectively). Pinot Noir wines fermented with only ZIM2180 and sequential inoculation of ZIM624 + ZIM2180 resulted in significantly higher colour intensity (6.1 ± 0.0 AU and 4.4 ± 0.0 AU, respectively) and lower wine hue parameters compared to other wines. Sensory evaluation also showed that both wines had the highest perceived colour intensity and purple colour suggesting improvement in wine quality parameters.CONCLUSIONSThe results confirmed that selected indigenous starters made out of Saccharomyces and non‐Saccharomyces yeasts can alter Pinot Noir wine colour parameters and improve wine colour properties. Those yeasts properties should be investigated prior to the development of new commercial starters but also be considered in large scale spontaneous fermentations of low colour intensity red wines like Pinot Noir. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Predictive value of the Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire‐7 for identifying obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction: A systematic review
Authors: Andresen Nicholas S. , Sharon Jeffrey D. , Nieman Carrie L. , Seal Stella M. , Ward Bryan K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo perform a systematic review to determine if a total score of ≥14.5 (mean score ≥ 2.1) on the ETDQ‐7 accurately identifies patients with obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction (OETD) on impedance tympanometry (peak compliance <0.2 mL or middle ear pressure of −100 daPa) or other objective measures of OETD.MethodsA systematic review without a meta‐analysis was performed of studies in four electronic databases (Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus) that used the ETDQ‐7 and at least one objective measure of OETD.ResultsSix‐hundred and fifty‐two studies were identified in the initial literature search. Abstracts from 337 studies were screened, followed by full‐text review of 61 studies, and qualitative synthesis of 12 studies. Tympanometry was used as an objective measure in ten studies. Eight of the 12 included studies had patient cohort selection bias. Eight studies administered the ETDQ‐7 in cohorts of patients with or without OETD, already confirmed on tympanometry, and found a sensitivity of 91%‐100% and specificity of 67%‐100%. Four studies administered the ETDQ‐7 to patients who had not previously undergone objective testing and found a sensitivity of 49%‐80% and specificity of 24%‐78%.ConclusionsThe ETDQ‐7 is an important patient‐reported outcome measure. However, based upon existing literature, the ETDQ‐7 appears limited as a diagnostic tool for OETD or as an objective measure of Eustachian tube function.
Potent neutralizing RBD‐specific antibody cocktail against SARS‐CoV‐2 and its mutant
Authors: Jia Lina , Liu Yan‐Ping , Tian Li‐Fei , Xiong Chao , Xu Xin , Qu Honge , Xiong Weixi , Zhou Dong , Wang Feng , Liu Zheng , Yan Xiao‐Xue , Xu Wenqing , Tang Lin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe ongoing pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and its variants has posed a serious global public health emergency. Therapeutic interventions or vaccines are urgently needed to treat and prevent the further dissemination of this contagious virus. This study described the identification of neutralizing receptor‐binding domain (RBD)‐specific antibodies from mice through vaccination with a recombinant SARS‐CoV‐2 RBD. RBD‐targeted monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with distinct function and epitope recognition were selected to understand SARS‐CoV‐2 neutralization. High‐affinity RBD‐specific antibodies exhibited high potency in neutralizing both live and pseudotype SARS‐CoV‐2 viruses and the SARS‐CoV‐2 pseudovirus particle containing the spike protein S‐RBDV367F mutant (SARS‐CoV‐2(V367F)). These results demonstrated that these antibodies recognize four distinct groups (I–IV) of epitopes on the RBD and that mAbs targeting group I epitope can be used in combination with mAbs recognizing groups II and/or IV epitope to make mAb cocktails against SARS‐CoV‐2 and its mutants. Moreover, structural characterization reveals that groups I, III, and IV epitopes are closely located to an RBD hotspot. The identification of RBD‐specific antibodies and cocktails may provide an effective therapeutic and prophylactic intervention against SARS‐CoV‐2 and its isolates.
Omnidirectional oversized annular lens antenna with high gain for 5G millimeter‐wave channel measurement
Authors: Zhang Zhang , Yang Yang , Liao Shaowei , Xue Quan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA high gain oversized annular lens antenna for 28‐GHz band channel measurement system is presented. The proposed antenna is composed of an omnidirectional feeding source and an oversized annular lens. The feeding source is a compact multi‐stepped biconical antenna with a wide impedance bandwidth. By rotating a horizontally placed two‐dimensional extended hemispherical lens around the vertical axis, the oversized annular lens is realized, which effectively increases the vertical radiation aperture and maintains high aperture efficiency to enhance the omnidirectional gain. Under the same envelope, the proposed antenna features a higher gain than the biconical antenna and the ordinary annular lens antenna. A prototype is fabricated and measured. The measured results demonstrate that the ‐10‐dB impedance bandwidth is 20.7% (24‐29.6 GHz), with stable vertically polarized (VP) omnidirectional radiation patterns and gain over 10.3 dBi within the entire band of interest.
Genetic Variability of Nile Tilapia Strains as Determined by Microsatellite DNA Markers
Authors: Thomas Brandylyn L. , Gomelsky Boris , Delomas Thomas A. , Novelo Noel D. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the genetic variability of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus strains by using microsatellite DNA markers and to compare these data with those previously obtained with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Five mixed-sex strains and four YY-male strains were analyzed. All nine microsatellite loci were polymorphic; the number of unique alleles per locus varied from 6 at UNH216 to 33 at UNH880. Strong correspondence was observed between the level of expected heterozygosity (He) or observed heterozygosity and the number of alleles per locus (A) or the number of private alleles. Strains with high levels of heterozygosity typically had higher values of A and the presence of private alleles. In general, mixed-sex strains had higher genetic variability than YY-male strains. Four mixed-sex strains (GIFT, Ismailia Canal, LSA hybrid, and Miami) had the highest level of genetic variability, with mean He ranging from 0.630 to 0.798 and mean A ranging from 5.11 to 9.78. Three YY-male strains (Fishgen YY Dark–Group 2, Fishgen YY Red, and Til-Aqua YY) had low genetic variability, with mean He ranging from 0.282 to 0.367 and mean A ranging from 1.89 to 3.56. All investigated strains demonstrated low values of the inbreeding coefficient FIS (from –0.266 to 0.014), suggesting that mating of closely related individuals is being avoided during maintenance of these strains. Pairwise genetic differentiation index FST values had a broad range (from 0.0915 to 0.6063), indicating different levels of genetic differentiation between strains. A dendrogram constructed according to shared allele distance showed the existence of two distinct clusters among strains. The present data on genetic variability of Nile Tilapia strains demonstrated substantial similarity with data from a previous study of SNPs in the same populations.
Pulverizing medication as a harm reduction and intentional drug overdose prevention strategy: Two case studies
Authors: Takanobu Keisuke , Okazaki Daisuke , Watanabe Shinya , Mitsui Nobuyuki , Tanaka Teruaki 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimsWe explored the use of pulverized medication as a new method to prevent intentional drug overdose.MethodsThis case study presents data obtained from the medical records of two female patients, aged 19 and 27 years, who presented with schizophrenia and neurodevelopmental disorder, respectively. Both patients provided written informed consent. Medication was administered to the two patients in powdered form, as opposed to in tablet form, in an attempt to prevent intentional drug overdose.ResultsThis administration method successfully prevented intentional drug overdose for 3 and 5 years in each case, respectively. However, case‐control or prospective cohort studies are needed to rule out biases, including cognitive bias.ConclusionPulverizing medication is a simple and effective means of preventing intentional drug overdose by restricting access to the means of suicide, regardless of the type of mental disorder.
Characterization of terpene biosynthesis in Melaleuca quinquenervia and ecological consequences of terpene accumulation during myrtle rust infection
Authors: Hsieh Ji‐Fan , Krause Sandra T. , Kainer David , Degenhardt Jörg , Foley William J. , Külheim Carsten 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPlants use a wide array of secondary metabolites including terpenes as defense against herbivore and pathogen attack, which can be constitutively expressed or induced. Here, we investigated aspects of the chemical and molecular basis of resistance against the exotic rust fungus Austropuccinia psidii in Melaleuca quinquenervia, with a focus on terpenes. Foliar terpenes of resistant and susceptible plants were quantified, and we assessed whether chemotypic variation contributed to resistance to infection by A. psidii. We found that chemotypes did not contribute to the resistance and susceptibility of M. quinquenervia. However, in one of the chemotypes (Chemotype 2), susceptible plants showed higher concentrations of several terpenes including α‐pinene, limonene, 1,8‐cineole, and viridiflorol compared with resistant plants. Transcriptome profiling of these plants showed that several TPS genes were strongly induced in response to infection by A. psidii. Functional characterization of these TPS showed them to be mono‐ and sesquiterpene synthases producing compounds including 1,8‐cineole, β‐caryophyllene, viridiflorol and nerolidol. The expression of these TPS genes correlated with metabolite data in a susceptible plant. These results suggest the complexity of resistance mechanism regulated by M. quinquenervia and that modulation of terpenes may be one of the components that contribute to resistance against A. psidii.
Effect of static knee joint flexion on vastus medialis obliquus fiber angle in patellofemoral pain syndrome: An ultrasonographic study
Authors: Doğan Ali , Şengül İlker , Aşkın Ayhan , Tosun Aliye 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionIn patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome, the vastus medialis obliquus muscle fiber angle measured by ultrasound at knee extension was found to be different from that in healthy individuals. An important feature of patellofemoral pain syndrome is the increase in pain severity during activities that require knee flexion.ObjectiveTo investigate whether there was an ultrasonographic change in the vastus medialis obliquus fiber angle by flexing the knee joint in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome compared to healthy pain‐free individuals.DesignA cross‐sectional clinical study.SettingAn outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital.ParticipantsForty‐seven patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (median age of 40 years) and 43 healthy volunteers (median age of 39 years) were included in the study.InterventionsNo intervention.Main Outcome MeasuresVastus medialis obliquus fiber angle measured by ultrasonography at three different positions of knee joint including extension, 30° of flexion, and 45° of flexion.ResultsThere was no significant change in the vastus medialis obliquus fiber angle with knee flexion in both groups (p > .05 for each group). However, the median vastus medialis obliquus fiber angle values in the group with patellofemoral pain syndrome were significantly lower at all knee joint angles than those in the comparison group (p < .05 at all knee joint angles).ConclusionsAlthough the vastus medialis obliquus fiber angle does not change with static knee flexion, the lower angle of the vastus medialis obliquus fiber in those with patellofemoral pain syndrome implicitly suggests that vastus medialis obliquus dysfunction may exist.
Evaluation of online, publicly available cancer‐related educational and self‐management resources for symptom management
Authors: Boureanu Mara , Brahim Lydia Ould , Apedaile Dorothy , Wasserman Sydney , Magalhaes Mona , Belzile Eric , Frati Francesca Y. E. , Lambert Sylvie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aims of this study were to evaluate the readability, suitability, and quality of publicly available online self‐management (SM) resources for people with cancer.MethodsResources were identified using two strategies: (1) a targeted search of 20 Canadian organizations and (2) a Google search. These were evaluated using the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM), the DISCERN tool for quality, and readability indices. The SM skills (e.g., problem‐solving) and symptom management strategies addressed by each resource were also assessed. Descriptive and hierarchical cluster analyses were performed to identify resources of the highest suitability and quality as well as resource characteristics associated with higher quality and suitability.ResultsA total of 92 resources were evaluated. The mean reading grade level for English resources was 10.29 (SD = 1.64, range of 7.05 to 15.09) and 12.62 for French resources (SD = 2.27, range of 10.12 to 15.65). The mean SAM score across the sample was 50.4% (SD = 10.6%), or ‘adequate’, and the mean DISCERN score was 61.1% (SD = 11.8%), or ‘fair’. The cluster analysis indicated that 10 resources scored highly on both the SAM and the DISCERN. In total, 91 symptom management strategies were identified. On average, resources addressed 2.73 SM skills (SD = 1.58).ConclusionsThere is a need for plain language resources for people with lower reading ability and resources that incorporate more SM skills. Study findings will help healthcare professionals, patients, and their families identify optimal resources to address cancer‐related symptoms.
Synthesizing Red Fluorescent Carbon Dots from Rigid Polycyclic Conjugated Molecules: Dual‐Mode Sensing and Bioimaging in Biochemical Applications
Authors: Chen Xiaoyong , Zhang Zeyu , Wu Jiajie , Wang Jiale , Gao Aolong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRed fluorescent carbon dots (R‐CDs) are special desirable for biochemical analysis due to good biological compatibility and deep penetration; however, they remain as bottlenecks due to difficulties in expanding the sp2 domain, especially those are fused from rigid polycyclic conjugated molecules (RPCMs) with heteroatom substituents due to huge steric hindrance and heteroatom blockage toward graphic lattice. Here, an RPCM with heteroatom substituents, 1,5‐diamino‐4,8‐dihydroxyanthraquinone (DDAQ), based self‐doped R‐CDs with PL emission at 635 nm is reported. Further investigations reveal that the expanding, hybrid sp2 domain with indanthrone tannin structure from DDAQ is mainly responsible for the obtained red fluorescence of R‐CDs. Taking advantage of optical properties, R‐CDs are considered to construct a colorimetric/fluorescent dual mode sensing array for quantifying trace levels of Fe3+ and glyphosate based on the static quenching, and a biomarker for cell imaging. The CD‐based sensors exhibit outstanding recovery, high selectivity, and sensitivity, also facilitated dual‐mode detection with the naked‐eye. The R‐CDs have low cytotoxicity, good cell membrane penetration for rapid cell entry, and high resolution, demonstrating their potential for biolabeling and bioanalytic applications.
Characterization of glucose‐binding proteins isolated from health volunteers and human type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Chen Wentian , Zhong Yaogang , Shu Jian , Yu Hanjie , Chen Zhuo , Ren Xiameng , Hui Ziye , Li Zheng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGlucose is one of the most important monosaccharides. Although hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) lead to a series of changes; however, little is known about the alterations of serum proteins in T2DM, especially those proteins with glucose affinity. In this study, the glucose‐binding proteins (GlcBPs) of serum were isolated from 30 health volunteer (HV) and 30 T2DM patients by glucose‐magnetic particle conjugates (GMPC) and identified by mass spectrum analysis. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) indicated the main gene annotations and pathways of this GlcBPs, while Motif‐X webtool provided the potential glucose‐binding domains. Further docking analysis and glycan microarray were used to understand the interaction between the glucose and glucose‐binding domains. A total of 149 and 119 GlcBPs were identified from HV and T2DM cases. Four hundred and sixty‐eight GO annotations in 165 identified GlcBPs were available, while the majority involved in cellular processes and binding function. A short peptide, EGDEEITCLNGFWLE, which was derived from the Motif‐X analysis, presented a high‐binding ability to the glucose from both docking analysis and glycan analysis. GMPC provides a powerful tool for GlcBPs isolation and indicates the alteration of GlcBPs in T2DM.
Amelioration of anxiety, depression, and chemotherapy related toxicity after crocin administration during chemotherapy of breast cancer: A double blind, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Salek Roham , Dehghani Mansoureh , Mohajeri Seyed Ahmad , Talaei Ali , Fanipakdel Azar , Javadinia Seyed Alireza 
Published: June 2021

The effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on mood disorders have already been established. More recently, its anti‐neoplastic effects have provoked a great attention. This study aims to assess the effects of crocin administration during doxorubicin‐based chemotherapy of breast cancer on anxiety, depression, and chemotherapy toxicity profile. Seventy‐two patients with non‐metastatic Her2/neu positive or triple negative breast cancer were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either 30 mg/day of crocin or placebo during chemotherapy [2:2]. Beck's Depression and Anxiety Inventories were used at baseline and end of the trial. In addition, the ECOG Common Toxicity Criteria were applied to assess chemotherapy side‐effects. After the intervention, the degree of anxiety and depression decreased significantly in the crocin group (p = .001 for both) and increased significantly in the placebo‐group (p = .006 and p = .036, respectively). There were significantly higher grade II‐IV leukopenia (47.2% vs. 19.4%, p = .012) in the crocin group, and grade II‐IV hypersensitivity‐reaction (30.6% vs. 5.6%, p = .006) in addition to neurological disorders (66.7% vs. 41.7%, p = .03) in the placebo‐group. The results indicate that using crocin during chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer has ameliorated anxiety and depression. Moreover, leucopenia increased whereas hypersensitivity reaction and neurological disorders decreased in the crocin group. In addition, a trend toward survival improvement was observed, which is going to be investigated on longer follow up.
Microsolvation of Sr2+, Ba2+: Structures, energies, bonding, and nuclear magnetic shieldings
Authors: Velásquez Angie , Chamorro Yuly , Maldonado Alejandro , Aucar Gustavo , Restrepo Albeiro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn exhaustive exploration using non–relativistic and four–component relativistic formalisms of the potential energy surfaces for the microsolvation of Sr2+, Ba2+with up ton = 6 water molecules is presented in this work. A multitude of well defined local minima stabilized by cation ⋯ water and by water ⋯ water interactions are found. Cation ⋯ water contacts transcend the electrostatic interactions of simplistic ionic bonding. The formal charge causes a chaotropic effect in the structure of the solvent affecting water to water hydrogen bonds and inducing water dissociation and microsolvation of the resulting H+, OH−ions in extreme cases. Relativistic effects are close to 0.7% or smaller in geometries and electronic energies, but they are around 27% for shieldings of Ba2+clusters. The nuclei of the central cations are deshielded (around 10% in going fromto) due to microsolvation.