bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon–nitrogen bond formation using modified graphene oxide derivatives decorated with copper complexes and nanoparticles
Authors: Mirza‐Aghayan Maryam , Saeedi Mandana , Boukherroub Rabah 
Published: June 2021

Several catalytic reactions such as Ullmann, Chan–Lam, Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition, [2 + 3] cycloaddition, condensation, and coupling reactions under suitable conditions have been used for the synthesis of fundamental structures containing a carbon–nitrogen (C–N) bond. Graphene oxide (GO) and its derivatives as heterogeneous catalysts have attracted considerable attention for the synthesis of organic building blocks. Loading of GO derivatives with copper complexes or nanoparticles, as one of the most abundant and low toxic transition metals, allowed to design new composites with predominant ability to C–N bond formation. In this review article, we present a comprehensive overview on the synthesis of building blocks containing a C–N bond such as amines, triazoles, tetrazoles, propargyl amines, imidazoles, and benzodiazepines using GO derivatives loaded with copper complexes or nanoparticles.
Phyllobilins as a challenging diverse natural product class: Exploration of pharmacological activities
Authors: Wang Pengyu , Karg Cornelia A. , Frey Nadine , Frädrich Julian , Vollmar Angelika M. , Moser Simone 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPhyllobilins are a group of chlorophyll‐derived bilin‐type linear tetrapyrroles, generated in the process of chlorophyll breakdown. Since the first phyllobilin was isolated and characterized in 1991, more and more structures of these chlorophyll catabolites were identified alongside the biochemical players involved in chlorophyll breakdown. In the meantime, phyllobilins are known to occur in a large natural structural variety, and new modifications are still being discovered. Phyllobilins have been regarded as products of chlorophyll detoxification for a very long time, hence they have been completely overlooked as a natural product class in terms of their biological role or pharmacological activity. A change of this paradigm, however, is long overdue. Here, we review the current knowledge of the pharmacological activities of phyllobilins and give an overview of the diverse structural modifications, laying the groundwork for analyzing their role(s) as active components in medicinal plants.
Green synthesis of glyco‐phenol by enzymatic coupling between ferulic acid and glucosamine: An ecofriendly procedure
Authors: Aljawish Abdulhadi , Chevalot Isabelle , Paris Cedric , Muniglia Lionel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA new glyco‐phenol was produced by the coupling between glucosamine (Glu) and ferulic acid (FA) using Myceliophthora thermophila laccase as biocatalyst in mild conditions (distilled water and 30°C) as an environmentally friendly process. Results indicated that the enzymatic reaction created a new derivative (FA–Glu), produced from coupling between Glu and FA by covalent bonds. By the high production of (FA–Glu) derivative and its stability, the optimal ratio of (FA:Glu) was of (1:1) at optimal time reaction of 6 h. Under these optimal conditions, almost 55% of ‐NH2 groups on Glu were bound with FA oxidation products. The new derivative showed higher hydrophobic character than Glu due to the presence of FA in its structure. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed that (FA–Glu) derivative exhibited a molecular mass at MM 713 g/mol containing one Glu molecule and three FA molecules after decarboxylation. Furthermore, the new derivative presented good antioxidant and antiproliferative activities in comparison with Glu and FA. These results suggest that the enzymatic conjugation between Glu and FA is a promising process to produce a new glyco‐phenol having good functional properties for potential applications.
Outcomes of mechanical circulatory support for acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock
Authors: Kim Yeunjung , Shapero Kayle , Ahn Shawn S. , Goldsweig Andrew M. , Desai Nihar , Altin S. Elissa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundMechanical circulatory support (MCS) with the Impella device (Abiomed, Danvers, MA) has been associated with higher in‐hospital mortality than intra‐aortic balloon pump (IABP) in the Premier Healthcare Database and National Cardiovascular Data Registry.MethodsThe objective of this retrospective cohort study was to describe trends and outcomes of Impella usage in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMICS) treated with MCS (Impella or IABP) using real‐world observational data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) including hospitalizations for AMICS managed with MCS between January 2012 to December 2017. The primary outcomes included in‐hospital mortality, transfusion, acute kidney injury, stroke, total costs, and length of stay. Propensity score matching was performed with hierarchical models using risk factor and Elixhauser comorbidity variables.Results and ConclusionWe identified 54,480 hospitalizations for AMICS managed with MCS including 5750 (10.5%) utilizing Impella. Throughout the study period, Impella usage increased yearly to 19.9% of AMICS cases in 2017. After propensity score matching, Impella was associated with higher in‐hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.41–2.13) and transfusions (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.40–2.78) than IABP, without association with acute kidney injury or stroke. Impella use was associated with higher hospital costs (mean difference $22,416.80 [95% CI $17,029‐27,804]). Impella usage for AMICS increased significantly from 2012 to 2017 and was associated with increased in‐hospital mortality and costs. Randomized controlled trials are urgently needed to assess the safety and efficacy of Impella.
Pleural empyema associated with alveolar‐pleural fistulas in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Authors: Divisi Duilio , Zaccagna Gino , Angeletti Chiara , Cicerone Elena , De Vico Andrea , Moretti Riccardo , Imbriglio Giovanna , Carbuglia Nadia , Quaglione Gina Rosaria , Chiatamone Ranieri Sofia , Crisci Roberto 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSurgery in COVID‐19 disease complicated by APF represents the last life‐saving treatment option. The choice of the therapeutic period to indicate this approach is fundamental. In fact, the clinical stability of patient is necessary in order to allow single‐lung ventilation and to minimize postoperative sequelae.
Grafting of Alkali Metals on Fumed Silica for the Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Methanol to Formaldehyde
Authors: Baranowski Christophe J. , Brandon Jack , Bahmanpour Ali M. , Kröcher Oliver 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWater free, non‐oxidative catalytic dehydrogenation of methanol to formaldehyde is an important process for the formation of anhydrous, molecular formaldehyde (FA). Sodium or sodium‐containing salts were shown to catalyze the reaction, but their reaction mechanism remains unclear. In this work, we thus investigated the performance of a series of catalysts prepared by grafting of alkali metals on amorphous silica for methanol catalytic dehydrogenation. The resulting catalysts displayed an increased activity for the catalytic dehydrogenation of methanol. Variation of the electron density of the supported alkali metal cations severely affected the FA selectivity, which followed the trend: Li>Na>K>Rb>Cs. A large gap in selectivity towards FA between ions with a high (i. e., Li, Na) and low charge density (i. e., K, Rb, Cs) was observed. Also, increased metal loading adversely affected FA selectivity and resulted in a larger production of carbon monoxide. Sodium grafted on silica yielded the best combination of moderate conversion and high selectivity.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Energy Applications of 2D MXenes
Authors: Zhang Cunliang , Wang Xin , Wei Wei , Hu Xincheng , Wu Yulin , Lv Nan , Dong Shengyang , Shen Laifa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMXenes as a new category of 2D materials have caused a particularly large impact in numerous fields of scientific research and technical applications in recent years. Their open 2D structure and excellent electronic conductivity provide many electrochemically active sites and rapid electron‐transfer paths for reversible Faradic reaction and then render them promising electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage. They offer outstanding volumetric capacitance in supercapacitors and excellent rate capability in rechargeable batteries. Numerous efforts have been made in the past several years. However, research on MXenes has just begun. This review aims to offer useful guidance for the synthesis of high‐quality MXene materials and promote their practical energy applications in supercapacitors, lithium‐ion batteries, and beyond lithium‐ion batteries. A brief discussion of the challenges and opportunities for future research on MXenes is finally presented.
Interaction of Redox Probes and Ferrocene‐labelled Peptides with Lipid Bilayers Observed at Lipid Bilayer‐Modified Electrodes
Authors: Segan Dejan , Stanley George , Messina Pierluca , Swiecicki Jean‐Marie , Ngo Kieu , Vivier Vincent , Buriez Olivier , Labbé Eric 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGlassy carbon electrodes (GCE) modified by a bilayer of phospholipids (BLM) have been used to monitor the passage of redox probes and ferrocene‐labelled peptides across lipid membranes of an anionic (DOPG) or a zwitterionic (globally neutral DPhPC) phospholipid. The gel‐phase neutral DPhPC showed a strong association with neutral probes like ferrocene methanol but expelled positively or negatively charged species, as observed on cyclic voltammograms. Anionic DOPG underwent a strong electrostatic interaction with the positively charged hexaamine ruthenium(III) complex, leading to aggregates that caused swelling and destructuration of the BLM. With positively charged ferrocene‐tagged peptides, DOPG‐modified GCE allowed the observation of cyclic voltammograms exhibiting both a potential shift with respect to bare GCE and increased peak intensity, accounting for the slow but favored partition of the peptides between the BLM and the solution.
Construction of Highly Efficient Photocatalyst with Core‐Shell Au@Ag/C@SiO2 Hybrid Structure towards Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic Reduction
Authors: An Huiqin , Xiao Shunyuan , Zhao Xiaohui , Cao Lifang , Liu Ting , Li Mengzhu , Wang Bing , Yin Zhen 
Published: June 2021

Main observation and conclusionHerein, we report a rational construction of Au@Ag/C@SiO2 system with Au@Ag core‐shell nanoparticles (NPs) as a promising photocatalyst based on the plasmonic coupling effect for the first time towards the photoreduction of nitroaromatic compounds under visible light. The combination and elaborate construction of Au@Ag NPs, carbon microspheres and mesoporous SiO2 shell can endow this system with several outstanding features towards photocatalytic reaction. Firstly, the broadband light harvesting across ultraviolet‐visible‐near infrared (UV‐vis‐NIR) region can be achieved due to the comprehensive effect of surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) coupling model of Au and Ag, near‐field scattering light of carbon microspheres and light reflecting effect of SiO2 shell, resulting in the production of more electrons for phororeduction reaction. Secondly, the carbon microspheres in Au@Ag/C@SiO2 system possess electron‐rich property due to their strong electron‐withdrawing ability, which can act as the Lewis acid and Lewis basic site, and promote the stepwise hydrogenation of nitrobenzene. Thirdly, Au@Ag/C@SiO2 exhibits excellent reusability because of the protection of SiO2 shell, which restricts metal NPs inside the spheres and protects them from aggregation and being lost during reaction process. Our present work demonstrates the significance of construction of hybrid nanostructures based on the plasmonic coupling effect, which can be a promising approach to design efficient photocatalyst towards organic synthesis under visible light.
An Artificial Light‐Harvesting System with Tunable Fluorescence Color in Aqueous Sodium Dodecyl Sulfonate Micellar Systems for Photochemical Catalysis
Authors: Li Xinglong , Wang Ying , Song Ao , Zhang Minghui , Chen Mengning , Jiang Man , Yu Shengsheng , Wang Rongzhou , Xing Lingbao 
Published: June 2021

Main observation and conclusionIn the present work, an artificial light‐harvesting system with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is successfully fabricated in aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) micellar systems. Since the tight and orderly arrangement of dodecyl in the SDS micelles is hydrophobic, tetra‐(4‐pyridylphenyl)ethylene (4PyTPE) can be easily encapsulated into the hydrophobic layer of SDS micelles through noncovalent interaction, which exhibits aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) phenomenon and can be used as energy donor. By using amphoteric sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) fluorescent dye attached to the negatively charged surface of SDS micelles through electrostatic interaction as energy acceptor, the light‐harvesting FRET process can be efficiently simulated. Through the steady‐state emission spectra analysis in the micelle‐mediated energy transfer from 4PyTPE to SR101, the fluorescence emission can be tuned and white light emission with CIE coordinates of (0.31, 0.29) can be successfully achieved by tuning the donor/acceptor ratio. More importantly, to better mimic natural photosynthesis, the SDS micelles with 4PyTPE and SR101 FRET system showed enhanced catalytic activity in photochemical catalysis for dehalogenation of α‐bromoacetophenone in aqueous solution and the photocatalytic reaction could be extended to gram levels.
Validation of BRCA testing on cytologic samples of high‐grade serous carcinoma
Authors: Lou Si Kei , Grenier Sylvie , Care Melanie , McCuaig Jeanna , Stockley Tracy L. , Clarke Blaise , Ruff Heather M. , Boerner Scott L. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundTesting for BRCA1/2 gene alterations in patients with high‐grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is a critical determinant of treatment eligibility for poly(adenosine diphosphate‐ribose) polymerase inhibitors in addition to providing vital information for genetic counselling. Many patients present with effusions necessitating therapeutic drainage, and this makes cytologic specimens (CySs) the initial diagnostic material for HGSC, often before histologic sampling. Initiating somatic BRCA testing on a CyS allows the BRCA status to be determined sooner, and this affects clinical management.MethodsRetrospectively, 8 cases of formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) CySs of peritoneal or pleural fluid from patients with HGSC and known BRCA1/2 alterations previously established by the testing of FFPE surgical specimens (SpSs) underwent next‐generation sequencing (NGS). Prospectively, 11 cases of peritoneal or pleural fluid from patients with HGSC but an unknown BRCA1/2 status underwent NGS with fresh, alcohol‐fixed, and FFPE CySs, and they were compared with subsequent NGS on 4 SpSs.ResultsCySs yielded high‐quantity and high‐quality DNA for NGS analysis when sufficient tumor cellularity was present. Fresh, alcohol‐fixed, and FFPE CySs were all suitable for NGS and provided identical NGS results. SpS and CyS BRCA testing was concordant in 10 of 12 cases. The 2 discordant cases showed low tumor cellularity and quality in the CyS and the SpS, respectively.ConclusionEffusion CySs of HGSC are excellent sources for NGS testing for BRCA1/2 genetic alterations when sufficient tumor cellularity is present. Fresh, alcohol‐fixed, and FFPE CySs are equivalent for NGS of BRCA1/2. NGS testing of HGSC CySs demonstrates good concordance with SpSs for the BRCA1/2 status.
The effect of bleaching on the optical and physical properties of externally stained monolithic zirconia
Authors: Tavangar Maryam S. , Mousavipour Elaheh , Ansarifard Elham 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effects of bleaching on the color, translucency, surface roughness, and surface hardness of monolithic zirconia with external stainin .MethodsIn this experimental study, 32 specimens of monolithic zirconia (1 × 1 mm; shade A2) were divided into two groups based on random permuted blocks. Overglaze and staining procedures were performed with a yellow stain or a value stain (GC Stain). Baseline color, translucency, roughness, and surface hardness were measured. The specimens were then randomly bleached with hydrogen peroxide (HP) 40% (20 min, twice with a 1‐week interval in between) as office bleaching or carbamide peroxide (CP) 20% (4 h per day for 14 days) as home bleaching. Finally, the color, translucency, surface roughness, and surface hardness were measured again.ResultsBleaching with CP and HP caused a perceptible change in the color of the specimens (ΔE > 2), although this change was within the clinically acceptable range (ΔE < 3.3). HP significantly reduced the surface hardness of the specimens (p = 0.043). Changes in surface roughness of the specimens were neither statistically nor clinically significant (p = 0.19 and p = 0.25 for office and home bleaching, respectively).ConclusionThe effects of home and office bleaching on the surface characteristics of monolithic zirconia were almost the same. It is not necessary to exchange or even to polish the surfaces of zirconia restorations after exposure to bleaching agents. Further studies are recommended to confirm the color stability of externally stained monolithic zirconia.
Assessing the conservation of Miombo timber species through an integrated index of anthropogenic and climatic threats
Authors: Catarino Silvia , Romeiras Maria M. , Pereira José M. C. , Figueira Rui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimAngolan Miombo woodlands, rich in timber species of the Leguminosae family, go through one of the highest rates of deforestation in sub‐Saharan Africa. This study presents, on the basis of updated information of the distribution of Leguminosae timber species native to Angola, an integrated index framing the main threats for trees, which aims to support new conservation measures.LocationSub‐Saharan Africa, Republic of Angola.MethodsThe current distribution areas of six Leguminosae timber species (i.e., Afzelia quanzensis, Brachystegia spiciformis, Guibourtia coleosperma, Isoberlinia angolensis, Julbernardia paniculata, and Pterocarpus angolensis) were predicted through ensemble modeling techniques. The level of threat to each species was analyzed, comparing the species potential distribution with a threat index map and with the protected areas. The threat index of anthropogenic and climatic factors encompasses the effects of population density, agriculture, proximity to roads, loss of tree cover, overexploitation, trends in wildfires, and predicted changes in temperature and precipitation.ResultsOur results revealed that about 0.5% of Angola's area is classified as of “Very high” threat, 23.9% as “High” threat, and 66.5% as “Moderate” threat. Three of the studied species require special conservation efforts, namely B. spiciformis and I. angolensis, which have a large fraction of predicted distribution in areas of high threat, and G. coleosperma since it has a restricted distribution area and is one of the most valuable species in international markets. The priority areas for the conservation of Leguminosae timber species were found in Benguela and Huíla.Main conclusionsThis study provides updated data that should be applied to inform policymakers, contributing to national conservation planning and protection of native flora in Angola. Moreover, it presents a methodological approach for the predictions of species distribution and for the creation of a threat index map that can be applied in other poorly surveyed tropical regions.
Diurnal vertical movements in black sea bass (Centropristis striata): Endogenous, facultative, or something else?
Authors: Secor D. H. , Bailey H. , Carroll A. , Lyubchich V. , O’Brien M. H. P. , Wiernicki C. J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFishes commonly exhibit diel rhythms in movements with consequences to feeding, reproduction, predator evasion, and resting. Such behaviors are conceived as plastic, persisting for phases (days to weeks), and then becoming disrupted, masked, and altered by changed environmental or ecological conditions. In telemetered black sea bass Centropristis striata (family Serranidae), we documented a remarkable 4‐month record of persistent diurnal vertical movements. Within the U.S. Mid‐Atlantic Bight June–October 2019 setting, biotelemetry data of 31 fish were examined through time series analysis and generalized additive modeling. Sun altitude played a dominant role throughout the series, where movements were diurnal. Thermal conditions were uniform until a September hurricane caused a 10°C rise in inhabited waters within the span of six hours, the result of water column mixing. This and other storms caused short‐term disruptions (<2 d) to diel rhythmicity. Daytime vessel traffic, but not dolphin presence, caused ≤1 h refuge‐seeking excursions. The discovery of pelagic behaviors (up to 15 m off the seabed) requires revision to the species’ natural history, which was previously conceived as exclusively demersal. Spring‐autumn movement functions included reef recruitment and evacuation, courtship and spawning, and seasonal changes in feeding ecology and predator fields. Throughout these phases, the cycle of daytime movement and nighttime inactivity persisted. We hypothesize that during the nocturnal period these visual specialists become immobile and thus evade predation and mobilize energy toward growth, reproduction, and storage. Because this function does not change from spring through autumn, we speculate that nocturnal quiescence serves as the proximate control for the diurnal activity cycle.