bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Case of an Extremely Low Birth Weight Infant with Morganella morganii Bacteremia and Peritonitis
Authors: Pham Betty , Denslow Anne , Mikhael Michel , Lim Jina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe describe a case of late onset Morganella morganii sepsis in an extremely low birth weight male neonate born at 23 and 4/7 weeks gestational age to a 30-year-old primigravid mother due to preterm labor. The mother was otherwise healthy with an unremarkable prenatal course. She received steroids and ampicillin prior to delivery. While initial blood cultures were negative, at day of life 4, the neonate developed signs of sepsis with leukocytosis and bandemia, and subsequent blood culture demonstrated growth of M. morganii. The patient then had spontaneous intestinal perforation on day of life 8 with peritoneal cultures growing M. morganii. The infant responded to standard therapy and survived to discharge, with few mild developmental delays upon outpatient follow-up. While M. morganii has been demonstrated in the neonatal population, it generally causes early onset sepsis and is associated with high mortality in preterm neonates. Here, we present this case of late onset neonatal sepsis with M. morganii complicated by spontaneous intestinal perforation, with survival in a 23 weeks gestation infant.
Pediatric Oncology Patients and COVID-19: An Experience from the Tertiary COVID Care Facility in Eastern India: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Chowdhoury Satyabrata Roy , Biswas Himanshu Sekhar , Raut Sumantra , Bhakta Subhajit , Roy Atanu , Banerjee Swarnabindu , Nandi Mousumi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction Pediatric oncology patients presumably are one of the most vulnerable groups during this ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Not only they are immunocompromised thanks to their inherent disease and treatment regimens, but delay in initiation and maintenance of their treatment in this pandemic era also poses great concern. But the magnitude of this effect on pediatric oncology patients has not been well established due to paucity of data.
Objective This study was proposed to assess clinicoepidemiological profile and outcome of the pediatric oncology patients who were infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus attending a COVID-19 care facility.
Materials and Methods This was a prospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. All confirmed oncology patients up to age 12 years who either attended the oncology outpatient department or referred to COVID-19 care center from other cancer treatment facility were included in the study from May 2020 to September 2020. Data on demography, clinical features, investigations, treatment, complications, and outcome were collected. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and common relevant investigations were compared between non-intensive care unit (ICU) and ICU group.
Results The rate of COVID-19 positivity among the pediatric oncology patient attending oncology clinic of the hospital is 8.21%. Total 28 patients (12 from oncology clinic of our hospital and 16 from other hospitals referred to our COVID-19 unit) were included in our study. The most common malignancy was acute lymphoblastic leukemia (64.28%). The most common symptom was fever (64.28%). Oxygen therapy was needed for 42.85% patients. Eight patients required ICU admission (two required invasive ventilation and one required noninvasive ventilation). Positive C-reactive protein value was associated with severe disease requiring ICU admission. Mean delay in starting chemotherapy in newly diagnosed cases was 28.77 days (standard deviation = 9.67). One newly diagnosed patient expired due to preexisting disease.
Conclusion Though vulnerable, most of the pediatric oncology patients suffered a mild COVID-19 infection without any significant COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality. There is a significant delay in starting specific oncology therapy, that is, chemotherapy as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in newly diagnosed pediatric oncology patients, which can increase morbidities and mortality related to malignancy.
Tripod-shaped Syndactyly in Apert Syndrome with FGFR2 p.P253R Mutation
Authors: Singh Chandra Bhan , Mishra Biswajit , Patel Rashmi , Kumar Ashok , Ali Akhtar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractApert syndrome is a rare acrocephalosyndactyly (craniosynostosis) syndrome characterized by craniofacial dysmorphism and syndactyly of the hands and feet. It is caused by FGFR2 mutations and inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. This article describes a novel clinical variant of Apert syndrome having bilateral symmetrical tripod-shaped syndactyly in hands with milder craniofacial features in a sporadic case, along with a mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) gene. The patient had shown craniosynostosis, dysmorphic face, ocular hypertelorism, marked depression of the nasal bridge, long philtrum, and low set ears. Direct resequencing of the FGFR2 gene through Sanger’s method identified a heterozygous missense mutation; FGFR2c.758C>G (FGFR2p.P253R) in the exon-7 of the gene.
Nonlocal topological insulators: Deterministic aperiodic arrays supporting localized topological states protected by nonlocal symmetries
Authors: Chen Kai , Weiner Matthew , Li Mengyao , Ni Xiang , Alù Andrea , Khanikaev Alexander B. 
Published: August 2021

Significance
A concept of nonlocal topological phases of DAAs introduced here establishes a different direction in topological physics and offers approaches to emulate higher-dimensional topology in lower-dimensional systems. Our study also unveils opportunities to engineer topologically protected states in aperiodic systems and paves the path to application of resonances associated with such states, whose robustness is ensured by nonlocal symmetries of DAAs. In particular, the possibility to engineer multiple localized resonances via dimensional reduction and their unique features, such as precise spectral properties stemming from their topological nature, offers remarkable opportunities for practical applications, from robust resonators to sensors and aperiodic topological lasers.
On the value(s) of time: Workers’ value of their time depends on mode of valuation
Authors: Smitizsky Gal , Liu Wendy , Gneezy Uri 
Published: August 2021

Significance
We show that people are inconsistent in the way they assign monetary value to their time in a labor context. In theory, the exchange rate between time and money is invariant to the elicitation method. In contrast to this prediction, we find that individuals' valuation of their time directly depends on whether they are stating a price in time for a fixed amount of money or a price in money for a fixed amount of time. This insight has implications for workers' demand for wages in labor markets. Our research is relevant for researchers, individuals, and firms who seek to gain a deeper understanding of how individuals value and manage their effort.
Velocity transformation for compressible wall-bounded turbulent flows with and without heat transfer
Authors: Griffin Kevin Patrick , Fu Lin , Moin Parviz 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Near a solid wall, the mean velocity of an incompressible fluid is a nearly universal function of the distance from the wall when appropriately transformed (nondimensionalized). For high-speed compressible flows, due to the wall-normal variations of density and viscosity, it has not been established how to transform a dimensional velocity profile into a universal profile. We propose a transformation that is more accurate and more broadly applicable than existing approaches. This improvement results from deploying different physical arguments for the two critical subdomains of a boundary layer. The transformation can be used to extend incompressible turbulence models to compressible turbulent flows, such as those encountered by vehicles for high-speed transportation and planetary reentry.
Determination of Snow Cover Thickness using a Ground-penetrating Radar and a Laser Rangefinder
Authors: Marchuk V N , Grigoryevsky V I 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article presents the results of processing the experimental data to determine the thickness of the snow cover in an area with a relatively flat terrain using a ground penetrating radar (GPR) and a laser rangefinder. It is shown that the GPR determines the thickness of the snow cover with an accuracy of 10-15 cm even in places under vegetation, however, in areas with sharp drops in the snow level, the error can be about 1 m due to the wide directional pattern of the antenna. The laser rangefinder is not suitable for measuring the thickness of the snow cover under vegetation, however, it detects local maxima and minima well, which can significantly supplement the GPR data in identifying critical zones. For surfaces that have a small area free from snow, it is possible to determine the thickness of the snow cover relative to this area with a laser rangefinder accuracy of ∼ 1 cm, but it is necessary that this surface be free of vegetation. This criterion is met, for example, the roof surfaces of large structures, such as water parks. In the case of using only a GPR, sharp drops in snow level are averaged and inaccuracies in measurements at local sites are possible. When using both instruments, it is possible to determine the snow cover with an accuracy of ∼ 10-15 cm on surfaces with vegetation and ∼ 1 cm without vegetation, which is the basis for the joint use of instruments. This work is a continuation of a series of experiments started last year.
Pervasive changes in stream intermittency across the United States
Authors: Zipper Samuel C , Hammond John C , Shanafield Margaret , Zimmer Margaret , Datry Thibault , Jones C Nathan , Kaiser Kendra E , Godsey Sarah E , Burrows Ryan M , Blaszczak Joanna R , Busch Michelle H , Price Adam N , Boersma Kate S , Ward Adam S , Costigan Katie , Allen George H , Krabbenhoft Corey A , Dodds Walter K , Mims Meryl C , Olden Julian D , Kampf Stephanie K , Burgin Amy J , Allen Daniel C 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Non-perennial streams are widespread, critical to ecosystems and society, and the subject of ongoing policy debate. Prior large-scale research on stream intermittency has been based on long-term averages, generally using annually aggregated data to characterize a highly variable process. As a result, it is not well understood if, how, or why the hydrology of non-perennial streams is changing. Here, we investigate trends and drivers of three intermittency signatures that describe the duration, timing, and dry-down period of stream intermittency across the continental United States (CONUS). Half of gages exhibited a significant trend through time in at least one of the three intermittency signatures, and changes in no-flow duration were most pervasive (41% of gages). Changes in intermittency were substantial for many streams, and 7% of gages exhibited changes in annual no-flow duration exceeding 100 days during the study period. Distinct regional patterns of change were evident, with widespread drying in southern CONUS and wetting in northern CONUS. These patterns are correlated with changes in aridity, though drivers of spatiotemporal variability were diverse across the three intermittency signatures. While the no-flow timing and duration were strongly related to climate, dry-down period was most strongly related to watershed land use and physiography. Our results indicate that non-perennial conditions are increasing in prevalence over much of CONUS and binary classifications of ‘perennial’ and ‘non-perennial’ are not an accurate reflection of this change. Water management and policy should reflect the changing nature and diverse drivers of changing intermittency both today and in the future.
Regional clusters of vulnerability show the need for transboundary cooperation
Authors: Birkmann Joern , Feldmeyer Daniel , McMillan Joanna M , Solecki William , Totin Edmond , Roberts Debra , Trisos Christopher , Jamshed Ali , Boyd Emily , Wrathall David 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Reducing vulnerability is essential for adaptation to climate change. Compared to approaches that examine vulnerability to a specific hazard, our analysis offers an alternative perspective that conceptualizes vulnerability to climate change as a phenomenon that is independent of any specific type of hazard but relevant to multiple hazards. Vulnerability is thus a product of structural inequality and systemic in nature. Based on two established index systems, we perform global analyses of specific phenomena—such as poverty, access to basic infrastructure services and forced migration—that influence and determine vulnerability. Our statistical and spatial analyses reveal an emerging pattern of climate vulnerability within regional clusters and shows that vulnerability is a transboundary issue, crossing political, sectorial and geographical borders and impacting shared resources. The spatial statistical hotspot analysis of vulnerability underscores that hotspots, for example of high vulnerability, state fragility, low biodiversity protection or forced migration, emerge in multi-country clusters. This aspect has often been overlooked, most attention to-date having been given to the positioning of individual countries within vulnerability rankings. In hotspots such as in the Sahel, East and Central Africa, as well as in Southern Asia and Central America, vulnerability is interwoven with high levels of state fragility, making adaptation solutions more complex. The recognition of the regional clusters and the transboundary nature of vulnerability calls for new research and action on how to strengthen transboundary approaches for vulnerability reduction, potentially enhancing prospects for successful adaptation.
Key policy questions for ex-ante impact assessment of European agricultural and rural policies
Authors: Coderoni Silvia , Helming John , Pérez-Soba Marta , Sckokai Paolo , Varacca Alessandro 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Policies in the agricultural and rural sectors are of key importance in shaping their sustainable development. These policies are changing from market-based policies to policies that aim to influence farmers’ decision-making. Thus, the scientific literature supporting evidence-based policy-making must develop models that simulate individual decision-making (IDM) by farmers. This study aims to understand key policy objectives, related policy questions and benchmark scenarios relevant to the European agricultural sector to define the research agenda for a suite of IDM models. This research goal has been addressed following a five-step process that involved different research tools and heterogeneous actors, including key stakeholders. Results suggest that environmental policy objectives are the most relevant for European agriculture in the coming decades. Thus, the scenario modelling exercise should focus mainly on the agri-environmental policies’ impacts while properly considering the potential trade-offs between economic and environmental objectives.
2020/21 record-breaking cold waves in east of China enhanced by the ‘Warm Arctic-Cold Siberia’ pattern
Authors: Zhang Yijia , Yin Zhicong , Wang Huijun , He Shengping 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Extreme cold waves frequently occur in east of China that dramatically endanger ecological agriculture, power infrastructure and human life. In this study, we found that the ‘Warm Arctic-Cold Siberia’ pattern (WACS) significantly enhanced cold waves in east of China according to daily composites from 1979 to 2018. During the winter 2020/21, a record-breaking cold wave broke out following a noticeable WACS phenomenon and induced the record-low surface air temperature at 60 meteorological stations since they were established (nearly 60 years). On 3 January 2021, the difference in temperature anomaly between the Barents–Kara Sea and Siberia reached 20 °C, the peak of winter 2020/21. With a shrinking meridional temperature gradient, the atmospheric baroclinicity weakened correspondingly. The accompanying atmospheric anomalies, i.e. the persistent Ural Blocking High and Baikal deep trough effectively transported stronger cold air than the sole impact from Arctic warming. After 4 d, the east of China experienced a severe surface air temperature decrease of more than 8 °C, covering an area of 2500 000 km2. During the same winter, a record-breaking warm event occurred in February 2021, and the ‘Cold Arctic-Warm Eurasia’ pattern also appeared as a precursory signal. Furthermore, on the interannual scale, the connection between winter-mean temperature anomalies in east of China and the WACS pattern also existed and even performed more strongly in both observations and simulation data of CMIP6.
Compact neural-network quantum state representations of Jastrow and stabilizer states
Authors: Pei Michael Y , Clark Stephen R 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Neural-network quantum states (NQSs) have become a powerful tool in many-body physics. Of the numerous possible architectures in which neural-networks can encode amplitudes of quantum states the simplicity of the complex restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) has proven especially useful for both numerical and analytical studies. In particular devising exact NQS representations for important classes of states, like Jastrow and stabilizer states, has provided useful clues into the strengths and limitations of the RBM based NQS. However, current constructions for a system of N spins generate NQS with M ∼ O(N
2) hidden units that are very sparsely connected. This makes them rather atypical NQS compared to those commonly generated by numerical optimisation. Here we focus on compact NQS, denoting NQS with a hidden unit density α = M/N ⩽ 1 but with system-extensive hidden-visible unit connectivity. By unifying Jastrow and stabilizer states we introduce a new exact representation that requires at most M = N − 1 hidden units, illustrating how highly expressive α ⩽ 1 can be. Owing to their structural similarity to numerical NQS solutions our result provides useful insights and could pave the way for more families of quantum states to be represented exactly by compact NQS.
Study on The Evaluation of The Sustainability Physical Facilities (Infrastructures) of Ruminant-Slaughterhouses in Indonesia
Authors: Maharani M D D , Suprapto G 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Physical infrastructure at urban in Indonesia ruminant slaughterhouse is typically old and in need of urgent rehabilitation. Infrastructure and equipment at ruminant slaughterhouses, in particular, are very poor and in many cases new facilities may be the only option for medium to long-term solutions. This study was carried out to evaluate the sustainability on physical conditions, and functional status of infrastructure of ruminant slaughterhouses. The survey data were collected the December 2017 until at April 2019 for this study. Twelve ruminant slaughterhouses situated at Bogor City, IPB, Depok, Jakarta, Bekasi, Yogyakarta, Denpasar, Yogyakarta, Semarang, Kudus, Surabaya, and Malang were selected for the study. Data were collected through interview as well as through observations. The data were coded, classified, tabulated and analysed using the software Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) and Multidimensional Scaling (MDS). Furthermore, influential variables are processed through MDS analysis to find out the Ruminant Slaughterhouse infrastructure sustainability index. The research finding that the sustainability status value is 77.30 % (good sustainable), and leverage analysis showed that the attribute that has the highest Root Mean Square (RMS) value is Infrastructure of Water supply source (4.0119).
Distribution of land stability based on standard penetration value (SPT) with various depth in Semarang city, Indonesia
Authors: Wahyudi P A , Purwanto P , Putranto T T 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Land stability is one of the main determining factors for the bearing capacity of the environment. The land stability is influenced by the condition and characteristics of the resources in the environment. The supply capacity in terms of the level of land stability for spatial use allocation has been based on the capacity of land for agriculture and the physical aspects of the land. It accordance with the local regulation i.e. no. 17 of 2009. Land stability includes the ability of land for agriculture and the physical aspects of land, as well as the stratigraphy of subsurface soil mass, especially geological characteristic. The research was conducted in Semarang City Indonesia by drilling and standard penetration test (SPT) and taking 448 undisturbed samples (UDS’s) of soil that scattered in the research area. Analysis of UDS’s have been carried out in the laboratory to obtain comparisons with SPT values in determining the level of land stability both vertically and horizontally. Soil types obtained are clay, silt, silt-sand, sand, and sand stone with a level of consistency and density in accordance with the measured SPT. Land stability values ranged from 0.201 kg/cm2-14.248 kg/cm2 covering all types of soil with different consistencies and density. The distribution of land stability is given in an infographic to get an overview of the land stability levels geographically at a depth of 2.5m, 5.0m, 7.5m, and 10.0m. This infographic can be useful for spatial evaluation, engineering guidance, and environmental research in Semarang City, Indonesia.
The Study of Concrete Mixture Performance to Support the Non-Destructive Testing Evaluation
Authors: Widodo S. , Pramudiyanto  , Sumiyanto J 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
An experimental program is conducted which three type of concrete mixtures are made to express the different in quality of concrete. Each type of concrete mixture will be consisting of two type of specimens, i.e., ∅100mm × 200mm in height and ∅150mm × 300mm in height. Each set will be 30 specimens, so the total specimens are 180. All the specimens will be tested in the standard age of 28 days. All of them will be tested as follow: (1) Rebound hammer test, (2) ultrasonic pulse velocity, and (3) compressive test. The ∅100mm test specimens having correlation ranged from 90% to 95% against ∅150mm test specimens. The rebound number of Schmidt hammer test having good correlation to the compression strength since it has the R2 of 0.8259, so that the regression value to be 0.9088. The ultrasonic pulse velocity reading also having good correlation to the compression strength since it has the R2 of 0.8006, so that the regression value to be 0.8946. The combine between rebound number, ultrasonic pulse velocity against the compression strength, after being normalize and analyse using nonlinear dynamic regression, having the good correlation since it has the R2 of 0.9843 and so that the regression value to be 0.9921. The chart produced from the nonlinear dynamic regression can be used directly to predict the concrete compression strength from the rebound number and the reading of ultrasonic pulse velocity.