bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut Commensal Barnesiella Intestinihominis Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Liver Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Zhang Ye , Xu Dong , Cai Xuyi , Xing Xue , Shao Xin , Yin Ailing , Zhao Yanyan , Wang Mengyuan , Fan Yu‐nuo , Liu Boao , Yang Hua , Zhou Wei , Li Ping 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRecent studies have highlighted the role of the gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Improving gut microbiota dysbiosis can be a potential strategy for the prevention and management of T2D. Here, this work finds that the abundance of Barnesiella intestinihominis is significantly decreased in the fecal of T2D patients from 2‐independent centers. Oral treatment of live B. intestinihominis (LBI) considerably ameliorates hyperglycemia and liver metabolic disorders in HFD/STZ‐induced T2D models and db/db mice. LBI‐derived acetate has similar protective effects against T2D. Mechanistically, acetate enhances fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) through inhibition of histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) to increase H3K27 acetylation at the FGF21 promoter. The screening puerarin from Gegen Qinlian decoction in a gut microbiota‐dependent manner improved hyperglycemia and liver metabolic disorders by promoting the growth of B. intestinihominis. This study suggests that gut commensal B. intestinihominis and puerarin, respectively have the potential as a probiotic and prebiotic in the treatment of T2D.
Direct Synthesis of Topology‐Controlled BODIPY and CO2‐Based Zirconium Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Efficient Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Song Bo , Song Wentao , Liang Yuhang , Liu Yong , Li Bowen , Li He , Zhang Liang , Ma Yanhang , Ye Ruquan , Tang Ben Zhong , Zhao Dan , Zhou Yi , Liu Bin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBoron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)‐based zirconium metal–organic frameworks (Zr‐MOFs) possess strong light‐harvesting capabilities and great potential for artificial photosynthesis without the use of sacrificial reagents. However, their direct preparation has not yet been achieved due to challenges in synthesizing suitable ligands. Herein, we reported the first successful direct synthesis of BODIPY‐based Zr‐MOFs, utilizing CO2 as a feedstock. By controlling synthetic conditions, we successfully obtained two distinct Zr‐MOFs. The first, CO2‐Zr6‐DEPB, exhibits a face‐centered cubic (fcu) topology based on a Zr6(μ3‐O)4(μ3‐OH)4 node, while the second, CO2‐Zr12‐DEPB, features a hexagonal closed packed (hcp) topology, structured around a Zr12(μ3‐O)8(μ3‐OH)8(μ2‐OH)6 node. Both MOFs demonstrated excellent crystallinity, as verified through powder X‐ray diffraction and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy analyses. These MOF catalysts displayed suitable photocatalytic redox potentials for the reduction of CO2 to CO using H2O as the electron donor in the absence of co‐catalyst or toxic sacrificial reagent. Under light irradiation, CO2‐Zr12‐DEPB and CO2‐Zr6‐DEPB offered high CO yields of 16.72 and 13.91 μmol g−1 h−1, respectively, with nearly 100 % selectivity. CO2 uptake and photoelectrochemical experiments revealed key insights into the mechanisms driving the different catalytic activities of the two MOFs. These BODIPY and CO2‐based, light‐responsive Zr‐MOFs represent a promising platform for the development of efficient photocatalysts.
Recent Advances in Enzyme‐Activated Dual‐Locked Probes for Biological Applications
Authors: Li Yanhua , Jiang Gangwei , Zhou Junliang , Shi Ling , Yuan Lin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEnzymes catalyze reactions involved in diverse physiological, pathological, and pharmacological processes. By employing the optical probe, fluorescence imaging enables non‐invasive, real‐time detection and assessment of disease states based on enzymatic activity. However, most enzyme‐activated probes are single‐locked probes that respond to a single biomarker. In comparison to single‐locked probes, enzyme‐activated dual‐locked probes can effectively minimize the occurrence of false‐positive signals, circumvent the problem of low specificity associated with biologically active substances, and facilitate precise imaging. This review systematically summarizes the design and application of dual‐locked probes in disease diagnosis, with the aim of providing inspiration for researchers in the field.
Genetic Insights Into the Role of Cathepsins in Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Jiang Yanhong , Fan Wenhui , Li Yaxin , Xue Hua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have confirmed the significant role of cathepsins in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. We aimed to determine whether genetically predicted 10 cathepsins may have a causal effect on Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).MethodsWe conducted a two‐sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study using publicly available data from genome‐wide association study (GWAS) to assess the causal associations between 10 cathepsins and three neurodegenerative diseases, including AD, PD, and ALS. We employed the following methods, including inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR‐Egger, and weighted median (WM). The results were further validated using sensitivity analysis.ResultsThe forward MR analysis results indicate that elevated cathepsin H levels increase the risk of AD (p = 0.005, odds ratio [OR] = 1.040, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.011–1.069), elevated cathepsin B levels decrease the risk of PD (p < 0.001, OR = 0.890, 95% CI = 0.831–0.954), and no significant association was found between cathepsin levels and ALS. Reverse MR analysis suggests that there is no causal association between 10 cathepsins and three neurodegenerative diseases.ConclusionOur study provides new genetic insights into the role of cathepsin H in AD and cathepsin B in PD. However, our findings need to be further validated in a wider population, and future research should explore the potential mechanisms of cathepsins in these diseases in order to provide a basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
The Health‐Related Quality of Life Impact of the COVID‐19 Pandemic on People Living with Multiple Sclerosis and the General Population: A Comparative Study Utilizing the EQ‐5D‐5L with Psychosocial Bolt‐Ons
Authors: Henson Glen J. , van der Mei Ingrid , Taylor Bruce V. , Claflin Suzi B. , Palmer Andrew J. , Chen Gang , Campbell Julie A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesStudies have shown that people living with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) were substantially impacted by the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, no study has compared the overall health‐related quality of life impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on PwMS and the general population. Differences would have implications for crises/pandemic management policies. This study aimed to compare the prevalence and health‐related quality of life impact of COVID‐19‐related adversity (such as deteriorations in mental or physical health) in PwMS and the general population.MethodsCross‐sectional data were obtained from the How Is Your Life Australian general population study (comprising subsamples with and without chronic disease) and the Australian MS Longitudinal Study from August to October 2020. Health‐related quality of life was measured using health state utilities (HSUs; represented on a 0 [death] to 1 [full health] scale) generated by the EQ‐5D‐5L‐Psychosocial. COVID‐19‐related adversity was measured via specialized survey items. Descriptive and multivariable regression analyses were conducted.ResultsA total of 1020 general population individuals and 1635 MS participants entered the study (mean age 52.4 and 58.4; female 52.4% and 80.2%, respectively). COVID‐19‐related adversity prevalence was higher among PwMS compared to the general population with and without chronic diseases (PR: 1.430 [CI: 1.153, 1.774] and PR: 1.90 [CI: 1.56, 2.32], respectively). However, the HSU impact of COVID‐19‐related adversity was not dependent on disease status (p > 0.20, test for interaction).ConclusionThis study found that PwMS were more likely to experience COVID‐19‐related adversity compared to the general population, though the health‐related quality‐of‐life impact was similar. This demonstrates that PwMS require additional support during national and global crises.
Diagnosis of Schizophrenia and Its Subtypes Using MRI and Machine Learning
Authors: Tavakoli Hosna , Rostami Reza , Shalbaf Reza , Nazem‐Zadeh Mohammad‐Reza 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeThe neurobiological heterogeneity present in schizophrenia remains poorly understood. This likely contributes to the limited success of existing treatments and the observed variability in treatment responses. Our objective was to employ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms to improve the classification of schizophrenia and its subtypes.MethodWe utilized a public dataset provided by the UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Research, containing structural MRI and resting‐state fMRI (rsfMRI) data. We integrated all individuals within the dataset diagnosed with schizophrenia (N = 50), along with age‐ and gender‐matched healthy individuals (N = 50). We extracted volumetrics of 66 subcortical and thickness of 72 cortical regions. Additionally, we obtained four graph‐based measures for 116 intracranial regions from rsfMRI data, including degree, betweenness centrality, participation coefficient, and local efficiency. Employing conventional ML methods, we sought to distinguish the patients with schizophrenia from healthy individuals. Furthermore, we applied the methods for discriminating subtypes of schizophrenia. To streamline the feature set, various feature selection techniques were applied. Moreover, a validation phase involved employing the model on a dataset domestically acquired using the same imaging assessments (N = 13). Finally, we explored the correlation between neuroimaging features and behavioral assessments.FindingThe classification accuracy reached as high as 79% in distinguishing schizophrenia patients from healthy in the UCLA dataset. This result was achieved by the k‐nearest neighbor algorithm, utilizing 12 brain neuroimaging features, selected by the feature selection method of minimum redundancy maximum relevance (MRMR). The model demonstrated effectiveness (72% accuracy) in estimating the patient's label for a new dataset acquired domestically. Using a linear support vector machine (SVM) on 62 features obtained from MRMR, patients with schizophrenic subtypes were classified with an accuracy of 64%. The highest Spearman correlation coefficient between the neuroimaging features and behavioral assessments was observed between the degree of the postcentral gyrus and mean reaction time in the verbal capacity task (r = 0.49, p = 0.001).ConclusionThe findings of this study underscore the utility of MRI and ML algorithms in enhancing the diagnostic process for schizophrenia. Furthermore, these methods hold promise for detecting both brain‐related abnormalities and cognitive impairments associated with this disorder.
Cerebral Cavernous Malformation: From Genetics to Pharmacotherapy
Authors: Zhang Zhuangzhuang , Deng Jianwen , Sun Weiping , Wang Zhaoxia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionCerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a type of cerebrovascular abnormality in the central nervous system linked to both germline and somatic genetic mutations. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have shown that various drugs can effectively reduce the burden of CCM lesions. Despite significant progress, the mechanisms driving CCM remain incompletely understood, and to date, no drugs have been developed that can cure or prevent CCM. This review aims to explore the genetic mutations, molecular mechanisms, and pharmacological interventions related to CCM.MethodsLiteratures on the genetic mechanisms and pharmacological treatments of CCM can be searched in PubMed and Web of Science.ResultsGermline and somatic mutations mediate the onset and development of CCM through several molecular pathways. Medications such as statins, fasudil, rapamycin, and propranolol can alleviate CCM symptoms or hinder its progression by specifically modulating the corresponding targets.ConclusionsUnderstanding the molecular mechanisms underlying CCM offers potential for targeted therapies. Further research into novel mutations and treatment strategies is essential for improving patient outcomes.
The Effects of Neuroinflammation Induced by Typhoid Vaccine on Resting and Task‐Based Electroencephalography
Authors: Plank Julia R , Chen Joseph CC , Sundram Frederick , Hoeh Nicholas , Muthukumaraswamy Suresh , Lin Joanne C 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionConsiderable evidence suggests a pathophysiological role of neuroinflammation in psychiatric disorders. Lumbar puncture and positron emission tomography (PET) show increased levels of inflammation in psychiatric disorders. However, the invasive nature of these techniques, as well as their expense, make them undesirable for routine use in patients. Electroencephalography (EEG) is noninvasive, affordable and shows potential as a clinical tool for detection of neuroinflammation.MethodsIn this randomized, crossover design, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind study, typhoid vaccine was administered to 20 healthy volunteers to induce a low level of neuroinflammation. EEG was recorded before and after placebo/vaccine administration during resting‐state and during performance of the Attention Network Test (ANT). Resting‐state EEG was analyzed using spectral power analysis, and time–frequency analysis was used for the EEG from the ANT. Behavioral data were assessed using linear mixed models and Spearman's correlations.ResultsBehavioral results from the ANT showed no decrement in performance following the vaccine, consistent with previous studies. During eyes‐open resting, there was a relative decrease in right‐frontal delta power in the vaccine condition compared to placebo. There was a trend toward greater alpha power suppression in the alerting response of the attentional network; however, this finding did not reach significance.ConclusionDecreased resting‐state delta power may reflect an unpleasant internal state conferred by the vaccine. Inflammation did not significantly affect attention networks. The absence of significant alterations may be due to an insufficient inflammatory response. Further studies are needed to assess the feasibility of EEG as a technique for detection of neuroinflammation.
Serum 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Survival Outcomes in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: Results From the NIFTY Trial
Authors: Lee So Heun , Cheon Jaekyung , Kim Ilhwan , Kim Kyu‐pyo , Ryoo Baek‐Yeol , Jeong Jae Ho , Kang Myoung Joo , Kang Byung Woog , Ryu Hyewon , Lee Ji Sung , Yoo Changhoon 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundNumerous studies have explored the role of vitamin D in various cancers; however, its impact on advanced biliary tract cancers (BTC) within a prospective cohort remains to be investigated. This preplanned subgroup analysis of the NIFTY trial evaluated the prognostic implications of serum vitamin D levels in patients with advanced BTC undergoing second‐line chemotherapy.MethodsFrom the 174 patients in the NIFTY trial, a total of 173 patients (99.4%) were included in this analysis comparing a liposomal irinotecan plus 5‐FU/leucovorin group (n = 87) and a 5‐FU/leucovorin alone group (n = 86). Baseline serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels, an indicator of vitamin D status, were analyzed for their association with baseline characteristics and overall survival (OS) in patients undergoing second‐line chemotherapy. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression and a restricted cubic spline function were used to assess the association with OS.ResultsThere were no significant associations between baseline characteristics and serum 25(OH)D levels. Baseline serum 25(OH)D levels were not associated with OS in either the multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression or restricted cubic spline analysis. In the subgroup analysis, however, higher serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with poorer OS in female patients, while no significant association was observed in male patients, indicating a significant interaction by sex. Additionally, a marginally significant interaction was observed between body mass index and serum 25(OH)D levels for OS, with higher levels associated with better OS in patients who were underweight.ConclusionsOur preplanned subgroup analysis of the NIFTY trial indicates that the serum 25(OH)D levels did not have a significant effect on OS in the overall patient population with advanced BTC. However, higher serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with worse OS in female patients, underscoring the need for further investigation into the role of vitamin D in BTC.
Electronic‐Enriched Ru on Boron Nitride Enabled Efficient Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenolysis of Lignin Models
Authors: Liang Jinpeng , Xiao Chenglei , Cai Zhaoxi , Liang Kongqian , Pang Yayun , Liu Zhonghai , Song Jinliang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCatalytic transfer hydrogenolysis (CTH) of aromatic ether bonds provides a promising strategy for sustainably converting lignin into useful chemicals. Design of innovative catalysts with high activity is the key for this route. Herein, we constructed the hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN)‐supported Ru nanoparticles (Ru/h‐BN) as the heterogeneous catalyst for the CTH of aromatic ether bonds. Notably, the fabricated Ru/h‐BN catalyst could efficiently catalyze CTH of various types of aromatic ether bonds contained in lignin (i.e., 4‐O‐5, α‐O‐4, β‐O‐4, and aryl‐O‐CH3) employing 2‐propanol as the hydrogen resource without using extra acidic or basic additives. Besides, the Ru/h‐BN catalyst demonstrated superior performance compared to commercial Ru/C. Systematic investigation revealed that electron‐enriched Ru sites and the B atoms on h‐BN collaboratively promoted the CTH reaction. Besides, a mechanism study indicated that the direct cleavage of aromatic ether bonds was the primary reaction pathway over Ru/h‐BN.
Liposomal mitoxantrone monotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory mature T‐cell and natural killer‐cell neoplasms: A phase 2, multicenter, open‐label, single‐arm trial
Authors: Gao Yan , Huang Yunhong , Zhang Qingyuan , Yang Haiyan , Li Yufu , Li Yan , Zhou Min , Yang Runxiang , Xu Bing , Liu Lihong , Yang Yu , Peng Zhigang , Yu Ding , Zhou Hui , Zhang Rongyan , Zhang Huilai , Qi Junyuan , Xi Yaming , Xing Xiaojing , Wang Zhao , Jing Hongmei , Shuang Yuerong , Zhang Xiaohong , Ma Liping , Jin Hongyan , Lin Li’e , Li Chunlei , Xue Jianfei , Liu Yanping , Yuan Jing , Huang Huiqiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionThe prognosis of relapsed or refractory mature T‐ and natural killer (NK)‐cell lymphoma remains dismal. Novel agents are urgently needed to improve the outcomes for this population.MethodsIn this phase 2, multicenter, open‐label, single‐arm study (NCT03776279), the authors report the efficacy and safety of liposomal mitoxantrone (Lipo‐MIT) monotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory mature T‐ and NK‐cell lymphoma. Lipo‐MIT was administered intravenously at 20 mg/m2 once every 4 weeks. The primary end points were the objective response rate (ORR) determined by the independent review committee (IRC) and investigators. Secondary end points included duration of response (DoR), progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety.ResultsFrom April 26, 2018, to August 10, 2022, 108 eligible patients were enrolled and treated at 26 study centers in China. The ORRs were 41.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.3–51.5%) per IRC and 46.3% (95% CI, 36.7%–56.2%) per investigators; 25 (23.1%) and 15 (13.9%) patients, respectively, achieved complete response. With a median follow‐up of 29.5 months, median PFS per IRC was 8.5 months (95% CI, 6.0–11.9); median OS was 23.3 months (95% CI, 12.0–not evaluable); median DoR per IRC was not reached. The most frequent treatment‐emergent adverse events were decreased white blood cell count (75, 69.4%), decreased neutrophil count (73, 67.6%), and decreased platelet count (47, 43.5%).ConclusionsLipo‐MIT monotherapy showed robust and durable antitumor activity with a manageable safety profile, representing a new therapeutic option in relapsed or refractory mature T‐ and NK‐cell lymphoma.
A trial of radiolabeled antibody yttrium‐90–FF‐21101 for the treatment of advanced ovarian and other cancers
Authors: Mahalingam Devalingam , Owonikoko Taofeek K. , Delpassand Ebrahim , Mulcahy Mary F. , Kalyan Aparna , Ulahannan Susanna , Cheung Kin , Izumi Yasayuki , Johansen Mary , Madden Timothy , Shimoyama Susumu , Subach Ruth Ann , Suzuki Takeaki , Wages David S. , Wheeler Catherine , Richardson Debra L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundYttrium‐90 FF‐21101 (90Y–FF‐21101) is a radiopharmaceutical that targets P‐cadherin as a therapy against solid tumors. A previously reported, first‐in‐human study determined that a dose of 25 mCi/m2 was safe, and a patient with clear cell carcinoma of the ovary achieved a complete response. In this article, the authors report the results of 90Y–FF‐21101 treatment in an ovarian carcinoma expansion cohort and in patients with selected solid tumors who had known high P‐cadherin expression.MethodsThe trial was conducted as an open‐label study in patients with advanced/metastatic disease. Radiologic response and safety were evaluated in patients who received 25 mCi/m2 intravenously once every three cycles of 28 days until they developed progressive disease. Evaluation of the ovarian cohort was conducted in a Simon two‐stage manner to determine further enrollment.ResultsFifty‐seven patients (20 with ovarian carcinoma) were enrolled and treated. Patients who had ovarian and solid tumors had received a median of five and three prior therapies, respectively. No complete or partial responses were observed, so the trial was ended. The median progression‐free survival was 118 days for the ovarian cohort and 55 days for the solid‐tumor cohort. The most common treatment‐related adverse events were thrombocytopenia (40%) and neutropenia (54%). One patient each developed fatal veno‐occlusive disease and intracranial hemorrhage. Patients with higher P‐cadherin levels remained on the study longer.Conclusions90Y–FF‐21101 did not meet the predefined efficacy criteria, and adverse events were consistent with 90Y agents. These data may assist in the development of other P‐cadherin–directed therapies (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02454010).