bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential Anti-Proliferative, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Viral Components from Sinopodophyllum Hexandrum Explored Using Bio-Affinity Ultrafiltration with Multiple Drug Targets
Authors: Feng Huixia , Chen Guilin , Zhang Yongli , Guo Mingquan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (S. hexandrum) is a typical Chinese herbal medicine with numerous components and remarkable pharmacological activities. However, the specific phytochemicals responsible for its anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effects remain unexplored.Methods: The integrated analytical strategy combining bio-affinity ultrafiltration with multiple drug targets was developed to rapidly screen and identify bioactive ligands from S. hexandrum. The in vitro anti-proliferative and COX-2 inhibitory assays of bioactive ligands screened were further verified by sulforhodamine B (SRB) cell proliferation and cytotoxicity detection and COX-2 inhibitor screening kits, respectively. Molecular docking analysis was also implemented by the AutoDockTools 1.5.6 software.Results: 10, 7, 9 and 9 phytochemicals were screened out and identified as the potential Topo I, Topo II, COX-2 and ACE2 ligands, respectively. Hereinto, podophyllotoxin and quercetin with higher EF values displayed strong inhibitory effects on A549 and HT-29 cells comparable with etoposide and 5-FU. Furthermore, compared with indomethacin at 0.73 ± 0.07 mM, podophyllotoxin and kaempferol with higher EF values exerted stronger inhibitory effects with IC50 values at 0.36 ± 0.02 mM and 10.49 ± 0.61 mM, respectively. Additionally, the optimal binding sites and mode of action between bioactive ligands and multiple drug targets were determined by molecular docking. Wherein, isorhamnetin showed a stronger affinity to ACE2 with the binding energy of -5.72 kcal/mol and the IC50 value at 63.95 mM, lower than MLN-4760 (-4.27 kcal/mol and 738.62 mM). Conclusions: The integrative strategy combining multiple drug targets and bio-affinity ultrafiltration LC-MS in the present study showed very promising potential for the quick screening and identifying bioactive ligands in S. hexandrum for Topo I, Topo II, COX-2 and ACE2, and some bioactive compounds screened out from this work were verified with other in vitro assays, and even better than those positive drugs of interest. Based on these findings, we then first constructed an interacting network among multi-components and multi-targets. In this way, we showcased a quick and reliable experimental strategy for uncovering the underlying mechanism of the empirical traditional applications of S. hexandrum which could also provide valuable information for better understanding the therapeutic targets and therapeutic ligands of other herbal medicines.
The Effect of Education Provided to Family Members Caring for Colorectal Cancer Patients on Caregiving Reactions and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors: A Prospective Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: akpınar nilay bektas , Beduk Tulin , Senler Filiz Cay 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effects of the educational package provided to enhance family caregivers' experience of colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy on healthy lifestyle and caregiving reactions.Methods: The study was conducted as a pre-test-post-test, quasi-experimental intervention with a control group. The study population consisted of 100 caregivers who provide primary care to patients with colorectal cancer. The data were collected using the "Socio-Demographic Characteristics Data Collection Form", the "Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II", and the "Caregiver Reaction Assessment” forms. The pre-test was applied to the experimental and control groups at the first interview. After the preliminary interview, the experimental group was applied three times to face-to-face individual educational sessions through the education booklet prepared by taking the opinions of 5 academician nurses who are experts in the oncology field. The post-test then was applied to the caregivers in the experimental and control groups.Results: After the education provided to the experimental group, a positive change was observed in the mean scores of all sub-dimensions of Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II except for the physical sub-dimension. In the control group, there was a statistically significant negative change in the post-test mean scores in all sub-dimensions of the Caregiver Reaction Assessment Scale. Lack of family support in caregivers negatively affected interpersonal relationships, nutrition, health responsibility, and spiritual growth.Conclusion: In order to reduce the problems in family members, it is important to interact with a multidisciplinary approach not only with the patient but also with the caregivers during the chemotherapy process. Clinical Trials Identifier; NCT04791982, 10.03.2021, retrospectively registered
Prevalence and Correlates of Kaposi`S Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infections Among Adults: Evidence from the NHANES III Data
Authors: Zhang Xin , Xu Yiyun , Li Yi , Yuan Huangbo , Liu Zhenqiu , Zhang Tiejun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) prevalence and risk factors exhibit considerable variations across populations in different geographic regions. Determinants and the transmission routes of KSHV infection are uncertain. We seek to identify the possible risk factors and the transmission routes of KSHV infection in non-endemic areas.Methods We collected annual cases and seroprevalence of KSHV and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) from the NHANES III sampled individuals from the US general population (1988-1994). We included 13179 and 10720 individuals with available remaining serum samples of KSHV and HSV-2. Logistic regression were employed to explore potential risk factors for the seropositivity.Results The seroprevalence was 2.05% for KSHV infection and 31.03% for HSV2 infection among this population. All risk factors of sexual behaviors included were strongly associated with HSV-2 positive, however, only MSM had an approximately fivefold increased risk of KSHV infection (OR=4.71; 95%CI 1.61 11.30). Mexican Americans (2.51%) and older (chi-sqauretrend=-6.71, P<0.001) individuals had a higher risk of KSHV infection. After adjustment, individuals with higher level of education and economic status had lower KSHV infection.Conclusions In non-endemic areas, KSHV transmission may be related to sexual activity in men, especially in male homosexuals. Higher education level and economic status are protective factors for KSHV infection.
Convalescent Plasma Therapy in Severe and Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Penglei , Wang Jing , Zheng Ruiqiang , Tan Rui , Li Xianghui , Liu Xiaoyun , Li Yang , Yu Jiangquan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Convalescent plasma treatment of severe and critically ill Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) patients is still controversial.Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma in patients with severe COVID-19 infection and critically ill patients, We performed a meta-analysis and systematic review of convalescent plasma therapy in severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients.Methods: We conducted a literature search in electronic data and citations of previously published systematic reviews. We included only randomized controlled studies on convalescent plasma for the treatment of severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients. Results: A total of 7 randomized controlled trials and 1363 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Compared to patients of the control group, there was no difference in clinical improvement (Four studies, RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.17, p = 0.22, moderate certainty) and mortality (seven studies, RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.11, p = 0.48, moderate certainty) for patients of convalescent plasma therapy group.Conclusion: Convalescent plasma does not reduce the improvement of symptoms and the risk of death in severely infected and critically ill COVID-19 patients
Altered EEG Variability on Different Time Scales in Participants with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Hecker Lukas , Wilson Mareike , Elst Ludger Tebartz van , Kornmeier Jürgen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: One of the great challenges in psychiatry is finding reliable biomarkers that may allow for more accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients. In this context the topic of neural variability received scientific attention in recent years. Altered neural variability was found in different cohorts of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using both functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG). These findings lead to the neural noise hypothesis of ASD. The number of studies focusing on neural variability is, however, yet small and the reported effects are controversial and poorly understood. Methods: In the present study we compared different temporal and structural aspects of variability in visually evoked EEG activity in a cohort of 16 adult participants with Asperger Syndrome (AS) and 19 matched neurotypical (NT) controls. Participants performed a visual oddball task using fine and coarse checkerboard stimuli. Results: We investigated various measures of neural variability and found effects on multiple time scales. (1) As opposed to some of the previous studies, we found reduced inter-trial variability in the AS group compared to NT. (2) This effect builds up over the entire course of a 5-minute experiment and (3) seems to be based on smaller variability of neural background activity in patients compared to NTs. Limitations: The present study is exploratory in nature with a hypothesis generating character. Further studies with a new and larger set of participants are thus mandatory to verify or falsify our findings. Conclusion: The here reported variability effects come with considerably large effect sizes, making them promising candidates for potentially reliable biomarkers in psychiatric diagnostics. The observed pattern of universality across different time scales and stimulation conditions indicates trade like effects. The inconsistency of our findings with previous reports from the literature, on the other hand, rather points towards state-like effects, specific to the current stimulus material and/or experimental paradigm.
Varicella Pneumonia in an Adult with Immunocompromised Status: Case Report
Authors: Liu Zining , Li Yaxiao , Li Xinyuan , Mi Yujing , Li Zhihai , Sun Jiawei , Geng Yulan , Wang Xianyun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Varicella is an acute infectious disease caused by the varicella zoster virus. It mainly occurs in infants and preschool children, the morbidity is only 2% in adults. Adult chickenpox is a self-limited disease, which is easier to control the development of rashes to some certain extent, shorten the course of the disease, reduce or avoid long-term complications. We present the case of a 23-year-old man with varicella. He had a two-day fever and four-hour erythematous rashes. The rashes spread around the face, two arms, and trunk. No special finding was in laboratory examination but low immunity. Computed tomography of the chest revealed obvious pneumonia manifestation of two lungs. Varicella pneumonia was considered and antiviral therapy, as well as Chinese patent drug of inhibiting lung-energy and dispersing heat, were applied. Fourteen days later, he was fully recovered. Varicella pneumonia was one of the severe forms, especially in hypoimmunity patients while low immunity may be its main cause. All patients with varicella should detect immunity-related laboratory tests included in lymphocyte subsets, which was important to help their recovery and cut costs.
The link between Economic Growth, Exports and Imports in Ethiopia: A Vector Auto Regressive Analysis
Authors: Asmare Tigist Zelalem , Jayamohan MK 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The relationship between exports, imports andeconomic growth of Ethiopia has been investigated in this paper for the period 1981-2018 by using annual data from World Bank. For the analysis,Vector Auto Regressive Model, Johansen co-integration analysis and the GrangerCausality tests were implemented. The outcome of the analysis reveals that there is no cointegration relation between exports, imports and economic growth inEthiopia. Conversely, we found that there is a strong evidence of bidirectional causality between exports andeconomic growth and a unidirectional causality from export to import. There is also a causality running from import to exports at a 10% significance level that witnessed weak bidirectional causality between imports and exports. This shed light on the importance of giving more emphasis on export-led growth by Ethiopian policy decision makers.
Influence of Monetary Policy on The Credit Supply To Small and Medium Scale Enterprises In Nigeria (1993 -2018)
Authors: Awoniyi Claudius Olaoye , Ogundipe Adebayo Tunbosun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The study examined the effect of monetary policy on credit supply to small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria covering a temporal scope 1993 to 2018. It was modelled by using ratio of credit to SMEs to total credit (CSTC) as dependent variable while monetary policy rate (MPR), liquidity ratio (LQR), lending rate (LDR) and inflation (INF) were the explanatory variables. Secondary data were sourced from CBN Statistical Bulletin and the estimation was done using Auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL). The study found that monetary policy has negative and insignificant effects on credit supply to SMEs in the long run while in the short run, monetary policy has though insignificant positive but indirectly a significant positive effect through lending rate on credit available to SMEs. The implication is that, as MPR changes its effects are transmitted through lending rates of commercial banks to SMEs. Hence, the study concluded that monetary policy significantly and heterogeneously impacts on the credit supply to SMEs indirectly through lending rate in Nigeria. It was recommended among others that as the Central Bank of Nigeria continues to implement monetary policy in Nigeria, caution should be taken so that such decisions won’t be detrimental to businesses such as SMEs. In addition, MPR should be further reviewed downward in order to encourage SMEs from assessing more funds in Nigeria. Likewise, a pool of long-term funds should be created By Central Bank of Nigeria to bridge the financing gap of SMEs in Nigeria.
A Deep Reinforcement Learning for Medical Trajectory Data Clustering Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: K Arunkumar , S Vasundra 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Deep Reinforcement learning is incorporated in trajectory data clustering to investigate the trajectories gathered from medical information’s. Generally Trajectory mining determines the patterns in data, detects anomalies, and does informative clustering, location prediction, and classification. The main intent of Medical trajectory data clustering is identifying the trajectories with identical patterns for better patient treatment outcomes. Medical trajectory data stored in a multidimensional format which is further processed using the machine learning and deep learning architectures. Machine learning approaches employed to mine trajectory data and identifying the future treatment is a complicated task. To deal with this, the deep learning approaches in trajectory mining concentrate to eliminate the computational complexity on type 2 diabetic’s data. To overcome this problem, deep reinforcement learning for medical trajectory data clustering approach is proposed that is a combination of various strategies to flexible adapt to changes of the trajectory data. After the proposed pre-processing and feature transformation, features are clustered on basis of the weights of the model with lesser efforts and the proposed clustering plays a key role in the process of multi-attribute trajectory data investigation. The proposed deep learning methodology is more suitable for clustering the multi-attribute trajectory with fewer complexity computations than existing machine learning based methods. The experimental results also states that the results of deep reinforcement learning are promising than the other approaches with respect to precision, Recall and F Measure respectively.
A comparative analysis of quality of life of women diagnosed with breast and ovarian cancer
Authors: Dąbrowska-Bender Marta , Słoniewski Robert , Religioni Urszula , Fronczak Adam , Staniszewska Anna , Duda-Zalewska Aneta , Milewska Magdalena , Potemski Piotr , Kędzierska Marta , Matkowski Rafał , Dykowska Grazyna , Słoniewska Anna , Kupiecka Anna 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

A comparative analysis of changes in quality of life of women diagnosed with ovarian and breast cancer after surgical treatment followed by adjuvant cancer therapy.
Methods

The study covered 220 women diagnosed with ovarian (n = 89) or breast cancer (n = 131) after surgical treatment followed by adjuvant cancer therapy (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy). The tools used to measure the quality of life were: standardised EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire and QLQ-BR23 module for breast cancer and QLQ-OV28 module for ovarian cancer.
Results

The women with breast cancer rated their health higher than the women with ovarian cancer. The health assessment made by the patients was not related to the type of cancer (P > 0.05). They experienced pain, dyspnea and weakness regardless of the location of cancer. In addition, the health of the women had a significant impact on their family and social life, but nonetheless, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups (P > 0.05). Whilst the patients with breast cancer rated their quality of life and health higher than the patients with ovarian cancer, the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
Conclusions

The results show that there is an urgent need to provide cancer patients with support of psycho-oncologists, medical staff, community (including organisations that help women with a specific type of cancer) and family members at each stage of the disease and therapy to improve the health and quality of life of the population.
Active Surveillance of Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative Bacteria to guide antibiotic therapy: a single-center prospective observational study
Authors: Liang Qiqiang , Chen Juan , Xu Yongshan , Chen Yibing , Huang Man 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative Bacteria (CRGNB) have become a public health concern worldwide. The risk factors associated with CRGNB infection after colonization are unknown, nor is the optimal timing of antibiotic treatment, warranting further investigation.
Methods

A 4-year single-center prospective observational study was conducted. CRGNB-colonized patients were incorporated on admission into our observation cohort for an active surveillance culture program, and analysis of risk factors associated with infections after CRGNB colonization was performed. We divided patients into empirical antibiotic therapy groups and standard antibiotic therapy groups according to whether antibiotics were used before or after cultures yielded a result to explore the relationship between the timing of antibiotics and clinical efficacy.
Results

152 out of 451 CRGNB-colonized patients in the prospective observational cohort developed CRGNB infection. The risk factors associated with CRGNB infection after colonization included CRKP (P < 0.001, OR = 3.27) and CRPA (P < 0.001, OR = 2.97) colonization, history of carbapenems use (P < 0.001, OR = 5.48), and immunocompromise (P < 0.001, OR = 7.07). There were 88 infected patients in the empirical antibiotic therapy groups and 64 in standard antibiotic therapy groups. The mortality was lower in empirical therapy groups than standard therapy groups (17.0% vs. 37.5%, P = 0.004, OR = 0.32).
Conclusions

CRGNB colonization increased the risk of infection, and risk factors included CRKP and CRPA colonization, immunocompromise, and prior carbapenems use. Once infection occurs in CRGNB-colonized patients, susceptibility-guided antibiotic treatment can be given according to previous susceptibility results of colonized CRGNB, reducing mortality.
Position Optimization with Spectrum Sensing Decision for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Guo Zinan , Wang Liuying 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the emergency scenario of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) relay, link interruption caused by shortage of communication resources often occurs. Using spectrum sensing, UAV can expand communication bandwidth and ensure communication quality. However, spectrum sensing of UAV will increase energy consumption and reduce UAV dwell time. Aiming at the contradiction of energy consumption and communication quality, this paper proposes a relay sensing decision algorithm. Firstly, the spectrum sensing model and algorithm are established. Then, the outage probability is taken as the threshold value adjusting three-dimensional coordinates in the UAV relay sensing decision algorithm. Finally, we construct a UAV relay sensing decision algorithm, which adds the limit of unless outage probability threshold to the firefly algorithm to adjust the position of UAV. By adjusting the three-dimensional coordinates of UAV, the unless outage probability is guaranteed for UAV relay link. Through the simulation of building emergency fire scene, it is verified that the UAV relay sensing decision algorithm can automatically find the optimal UAV sensing position and ensure communication quality.
Theoretical Study of Electronic and Optical Properties in Doped Quantum Structures with Razavy Confining Potential: Effects of External Fields
Authors: Dakhlaoui Hassen , Gil-Corrales J. A. , Morales A. L. , Kasapoglu E. , Radu A. , Restrepo R. L. , Tulupenko V. , Vinasco Juan A. , Mora-Ramos M. E. , Duque Carlos 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We investigate the energy states of confined electrons in doped quantum structures with Razavy-like confining potentials. The theoretical investigation is performed within the effective mass and parabolic band approximations, including the influence of externally applied electric and magnetic fields. First, we analyze the case of a Razavy quantum well and determine its conduction subband spectrum, focusing on the lowest energy levels and their probability densities. These properties have been numerically determined by self-consistently solving the coupled system of Schr\"{o}dinger, Poisson, and charge neutrality equations. Doping is introduced via an on-center $\delta$-like layer. In order to evaluate the associated total (linear plus nonlinear) optical absorption coefficient (TOAC), we have calculated the corresponding diagonal and off-diagonal electric dipole matrix elements, the main energy separation, and the occupancy ratio which are the main factors governing the variation of this optical response. A detailed discussion is given about the influence of doping concentration as well as electric and magnetic fields, which can produce shifts in the light absorption signal, towards either lower or higher frequencies. As an extension of the self-consistent method to a two-dimensional problem, the energy states of quantum wire system of circular cross section, with internal doping and Razavy potential have been calculated. The response of eigenvalues, self-consistent potentials and electron densities is studied with the variation of $\delta$-doping layer width and of the donor density. Finally, the origin of Friedel-like oscillations, that arise in the density profile, generated by the occupation of internal and surface electronic states has been explained.