bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential effects on blood and cerebrospinal fluid immune protein markers and kynurenine pathway metabolites from aerobic physical exercise in healthy subjects
Authors: Isung Josef , Granqvist Mathias , Trepci Ada , Huang Jesse , Schwieler Lilly , Kierkegaard Marie , Erhardt Sophie , Jokinen Jussi , Piehl Fredrik 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMounting evidence shows that physical exercise modulates systemic inflammation. However, its effect on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) immune-marker profiles in man are largely unknown. We here report a study on healthy subjects (n = 27, males = 12, mean age 28.7, range 22–52) allocated to either an acute exercise setting over four consecutive days, or a training intervention over 4 weeks. Paired plasma and CSF samples collected at baseline, after 7 days of exercise abstention, and the day after completion of the exercise interventions, were analyzed for protein inflammation markers using a multiplex proximity extension assay and neurotransmitters and kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites using liquid chromatography, respectively. Routine cell counts, and albumin, immunoglobulin G and neurofilament light chain concentrations in CSF remained unchanged in both paradigms, while several inflammatory proteins became upregulated after acute exercise. However, only changes in three CSF (vascular endothelial growth factor-A, interleukin-7 and matrix metalloproteinase-10) and 12 plasma proteins reached significance levels after adjustment for multiple comparisons and exclusion of less stable proteins. Similarly, KP metabolites only changed among participants after acute exercise, while neurotransmitter levels, except for increased CSF serine, remained stable. Both in plasma and CSF changes in KP metabolites and inflammatory proteins correlated, suggesting that these processes are functionally linked. These findings suggest that acute aerobic physical exercise affects immune markers and KP metabolites systemically and in the CSF.
A case series of profilometric changes in two implant placement protocols at periodontally compromised non-molar sites
Authors: Noh Kwantae , Thoma Daniel S. , Park Jung-Chul , Lee Dong-Woon , Shin Seung-Yun , Lim Hyun-Chang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInformation regarding profilometric changes at a soft tissue level following implant placement with different protocols is insufficient. Therefore, this study aimed to comparatively investigate the profilometric tissue changes with respect to late implant placement following alveolar ridge preservation (LP/ARP) and early implantation (EP) in periodontally compromised non-molar extraction sites. Sixteen patients were randomly assigned to the following groups: implant placement 4 months post-ARP (group LP/ARP) and tooth extraction and implant placement 4–8 weeks post-extraction (group EP). Dental impressions were obtained immediately after final prosthesis insertion and at 3, 6, and 12 months. At the time of implant placement, bone augmentation was performed in the majority of the patients. Profilometric changes of the tissue contour were minimal between the final prosthesis insertion and 12 months in the mid-facial area (0.04–0.35 mm in group LP/ARP, 0.04–0.19 mm in group EP). The overall tissue volume increased in both groups (1.70 mm3 in group LP/ARP, 0.96 mm3 in group EP). In conclusion, LP/ARP and EP led to similar stability of the peri-implant tissue contour between the final prosthesis insertion and at 12 months. Moreover, the change of peri-implant tissue on the soft tissue level was minimal in both modalities.
ECMO in der Thoraxchirurgie: Grundlagen und Pathophysiologie
Authors: Redwan B. , Freermann C. , Akil A. , Fischer S. 
Published: January 2021

ZusammenfassungDie extrakorporale Lungenunterstützung (ECLS) stellt heutzutage ein gut etabliertes Verfahren in der Thoraxchirurgie dar. In Abhängigkeit von der respiratorischen und hämodynamischen Situation des Patienten wird die ECLS in verschiedenen Modalitäten eingesetzt. Dies erfordert ein ausreichendes Wissen über die verschiedene ECMO-Modalitäten (ECMO: extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung), Kanülierungswege, zur Verfügung stehendes technisches Equipment und über die pathophysiologischen Grundlagen im Zusammenhang mit derartiger Technologie, um das individuell auf die Patientenbedürfnisse angepasste Verfahren zu wählen. Dementsprechend kann die Therapie je nach klinischer Situation im Verlauf eskaliert bzw. deeskaliert werden.
Klinischer Verlauf typischer und atypischer Karzinoide (bpNET) – Auswertung von Registerdaten des PneuNET-Registers Berlin zur Identifikation von Indikatoren zur Prognosebestimmung und Therapieplanung
Authors: Kurz S. , Kollmeier J. , Schmidt B. , Schneider P. , Utzig M. , Grohé C. 
Published: January 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Retrospektive Auswertung von Registerdaten des PneuNET-Registers Berlin zur Erfassung des klinischen Verlaufes typischer und atypischer Karzinoide (bpNET).
Methode Im Zeitraum von 2007 – 2016 wurden klinikeigene Tumordatenbanken aus 3 Berliner Zentren systematisch nach der Diagnose Karzinoid durchsucht. Einschlusskriterien waren: das Vorliegen eines neuroendokrinen Lungentumors im Sinne eines typischen oder atypischen Karzinoids, Alter > 18 Jahre und erfasster Erkrankungsverlauf über mindestens 2 Jahre oder Tod zuvor. Daten bezüglich epidemiologischer Parameter wie Häufigkeit, Geschlecht, biologischer Aktivität, Raucherstatus, Tumorlokalisation, Biomarker, Folgediagnostik sowie Therapie und Nachsorge wurden ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Ab dem 01. 01. 2007 wurden retrospektiv 187 Patienten mit der Erstdiagnose eines bronchopulmonalen Karzinoids erfasst, wobei das Verhältnis von TC zu AC 8:2 betrug. Das mediane Erkrankungsalter lag bei 65,4 Jahren, 64 % der Patienten waren Frauen. 10,7 % der Patienten wiesen eine pulmonale Symptomatik auf, bei 2 Patienten zeigte sich ein Karzinoidsyndrom, ein MEN-1-Syndrom wurde bei keinem Patienten nachgewiesen. 87,7 % der Patienten erhielten eine operative Therapie, dabei überwog mit 69,5 % die Lobektomie mit systematischer Lymphadenektomie. Lediglich 10 % der Patienten wurden primär im Tumorstadium IV erstdiagnostiziert, hier überwogen die Patienten mit AC. Die Systemtherapie war uneinheitlich und umfasste neben der Chemotherapie die Therapie mit Everolimus und Somatostatinrezeptoranaloga.
Schlussfolgerungen Bronchopulmonale Karzinoide gehören zu den gut differenzierten neuroendokrinen Tumoren der Lunge und werden überwiegend in einem frühen Erkrankungsstadium mit möglichem lokalen Therapieansatz und resultierender guter Prognose diagnostiziert. Bei Nachweis eines metastasierten Tumorstadiums stehen mit dem mTOR-Inhibitor Everolimus oder Somatostatinrezeptoranaloga systemische Therapieoptionen zur Verfügung. Aufgrund der insgesamt seltenen Tumorerkrankung ist eine systematische Erfassung der Patienten im NET-Register zur Erhebung prospektiver Daten und der Erarbeitung eines einheitlichen Diagnostik- und Therapiealgorithmus sinnvoll.
Clinical Relevance of Changes in Pain Intensity in Patients with Specific Back Pain
Authors: Haase Ingo , Kladny Bernd 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Pain intensity is frequently measured on the 11-point numerical pain rating scale (NRS-PI), ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 points (worst imaginable pain). However, it is difficult to interpret the clinical importance of changes from baseline to endpoint on this instrument.
Objectives To estimate the minimal detectable change (MDC) and the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for average pain intensity in patients with specific back pain.
Materials and Methods Data on 1232 subjects with specific back pain from a German hospital were included in this study. A score combining the patientʼs (PGIC) and the physicianʼs global impression of change (CGIC) over the in-patient length of stay was used as an external criterion. A priori, we considered the score value “slightly improved” as the MCID. MDC was calculated using the standard error of measurement (SEM) and the standard deviation (SD) of the sample. MCID was estimated by the mean value of PI-NRS change in patients who self-assess as “slightly improved”, and by sensitivity/specificity analyses, computed by the receiver operating characteristic method (ROC).
Results MDC was 1.77. The MCS and ROC methods consistently showed an MCID of 2 for the total sample. Both methods showed the dependence of the MCID on the initial pain: 1 for mild to moderate pain at baseline (1 – 4 NRS points), 2 for moderate to severe pain (5 – 7) and 3 – 4 for very severe to extreme pain (8 – 10). For patients with lumbosacral intervertebral disc disorders and patients in the acute phase (duration of pain < 6 weeks), the ROC method resulted in a higher limit than the MCS method.
Conclusions In order to facilitate the interpretation of changes and to take into account the patientʼs perspective, the global assessment of the success of treatment should be used as an anchor criterion. In addition to dealing with pain measurement, function-related and psychosocial aspects of pain symptoms should be kept in mind.
Employing Standardised Methods to Compare Injury Risk Across Seven Youth Team Sports
Authors: Barden Craig , Quarrie Kenneth L. , McKay Carly , Stokes Keith A 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInjury surveillance systems seek to describe injury risk for a given sport, in order to inform preventative strategies. This often leads to comparisons between studies, although these inferences may be inappropriate, considering the range of methods adopted. This study aimed to describe the injury epidemiology of seven youth sports, enabling valid comparisons of injury risk. Consistent methods were employed across seven sports [male American football, basketball, soccer, rugby league, rugby union; female soccer and rugby union] at a high school in England. A 24-hour time-loss injury definition was adopted. Descriptive statistics and injury incidence (/1000 match-hours) are reported. In total, 322 injuries were sustained by 240 athletes (mean age=17.7±1.0) in 10 273 player-match hours. American football had a significantly greater injury incidence (86/1000 h; 95% CI 61–120) than all sports except female rugby union (54/1000 h; 95% CI 37–76). Concussion was the most common injury (incidence range 0.0–26.7/1000 h), while 59% of injuries occurred via player contact. This study employed standardized data collection methods, allowing valid and reliable comparisons of injury risk between youth sports. This is the first known study to provide epidemiological data for female rugby union, male basketball and American football in an English youth population, enabling the development of preventative strategies.
Der Einfluss von mütterlicher Adipositas auf ausgewählte geburtshilfliche Parameter
Authors: Schildberger Barbara , Hofer Katarina , Harrasser Alois , Leitner Hermann 
Published: January 2021

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung In Österreich hat sich der prozentuelle Anteil der Bevölkerung mit Adipositas im Zeitraum von 1999 bis 2014 um 5,2% erhöht, wobei der Anteil an adipösen Frauen zwischen 15 und 45 Jahren 14,8% betrug. Nachweislich steigt mit einem erhöhten Body Mass Index (BMI) der Frauen das Risiko für Pathologien und Regelwidrigkeiten während Schwangerschaft, Geburt und Wochenbett. In dieser Arbeit wird der Einfluss mütterlicher Adipositas auf ausgewählte geburtshilfliche Parameter analysiert.
Methodik Der Datensatz umfasst alle Einlingsgeburten zwischen 1.1.2008 und 31.12.2018 mit berechenbarem BMI (n=640 922) aus dem österreichischen Geburtenregister. Der mütterliche BMI wurde mit den Variablen Alter der Mutter, Parität, Schwangerschaftsdauer, Geburtseinleitung, Geburtsmodus, kindlicher APGAR-Wert, kindlicher Nabelschnur pH-Wert und kindliche Mortalität in Relation gesetzt und mittels deskriptiver Darstellung der Häufigkeiten sowie bivariater Analyseverfahren ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Ein BMI der Frauen ≥30 bewirkt eine erhöhte Rate an Frühgeburten, Geburtseinleitungen, Kaiserschnitten, an neonatalen APGAR-Werten < 8 sowie ≤4, niedrigeren Nabelschnur pH-Werten von <7,2 sowie erhöhten Raten an kindlicher Mortalität. Im Gegensatz dazu findet seltener eine vaginal operative Geburtsbeendigung statt.
Schlussfolgerungen Adipositas hat einen negativen Einfluss auf diverse geburtshilfliche Faktoren. Durch Prävention sollte eine gesunde Lebensweise bereits vor Eintreten der Schwangerschaft gefördert werden.
Der Insulin-Unterschied von Jungen und Mädchen bei Geburt
Authors: Simon Hans Gottfried 
Published: January 2021

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Ob Mädchen bei Geburt höhere Insulinspiegel haben als Jungen ist umstritten. Klärung sollen die Insulinwerte von 863 in Folge geborenen Kindern bringen, deren Mütter kein Screening auf Gestationsdiabetes hatten.
Methodik Nabelschnurserum, mit einem handelsüblichen Insulintest bestimmt, wird retrospektiv auf geschlechtsabhängige Insulinunterschiede untersucht.
Ergebnisse Mädchen zeigen höhere Medianwerte als Jungen (♀6,0/♂5,2 µU/ml). Die Insulin-Geschlechts-Differenz beträgt 0,8 µU/ml [95% KI 0,3 bis 1,3], p -Wert 0,003. Sie wird ebenfalls bei AGA-Kindern, bei Neugeborenen von Mehrgebärenden, nach primärer Sectio caesarea und spontaner vaginaler Geburt gefunden (0,8/1,2/1,7/0,9 µU/ml; p-Werte 0,003/0,001/0,025/0,006). Makrosome (LGA/≥4000 g) Mädchen von Mehrgebärenden weisen die höchsten Insulinwerte (13,8/13,8 µU/ml) und die höchste Insulin-Geschlechts-Differenz auf (5,5/5,6 µU/ml, p-Werte 0,001/0,001). Erstgeborene, die weniger als 3640 g wiegen, zeigen diese Insulindifferenz, aber ≥ 4060 g existiert eine inverse Insulin-Geschlechts-Differenz (-5,4 µU/ml; p-Wert 0,023) mit höheren Insulinwerten von Jungen (11,3 µU/ml). Kinder mit Hyperinsulinämie (≥ 20 µU/ml) (17♀/11♂) zeigen keine Insulin-Geschlechts-Differenz, Mädchen wiegen mehr als Jungen (154 g, p-Wert 0,463), Geschwisterkinder 695 g mehr (p-Wert 0,0001) als Erstgeborene.
Schlussfolgerung Höhere Insulinwerte der Mädchen bei Geburt werden bestätigt. Eine bislang nicht bekannte inverse Insulindifferenz mit höheren Insulinwerten makrosomer erstgeborener Jungen wird nachgewiesen.
Hydrodynamic Considerations VI: Temporary Shunting for Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Observational Study of Two Treatment Variants
Authors: Guimarães Victor Beneditti , Muniz Felipe Henrique , Santos Jakeline Flávia Sertório , Bertani Raphael , Monteiro Ruy , Maset Angelo Luiz , Moraes Dionei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Introduction Patients who have external ventricular drainage (EVD) inserted are prone to many risks and complications. Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a frequent and life-threatening complication for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and results in an increased morbidity and mortality for those patients. An EVD insertion is a frequent surgical procedure for those with IVH. However, it is also known that IVH patients have a much higher rate of ventricular catheter occlusion. We hypothesize that blood clots have a predominant participation as a pathophysiological mechanism for EVD occlusion, and that a different and more appropriate catheter design might decrease the occlusion rate occurring during the utilization of EVDs on patients with IVH and, therefore, reduce implantation time.
Methods The electronic data sheets of 30 patients with spontaneous IVH from March 2014 until April 2015 were evaluated. Two concepts in catheter design were evaluated: A group of 15 patients with a conventional type of catheter inserted was identified as Group C (conventional). A group of 15 patients with a new design of catheter inserted was identified as Group H (hemorrhagic). Both groups were compared regarding survival end parameters, outcomes, days spent in intensive care units (ICUs) and time spent with EVDs implanted.
Results Hospitalization at the ICU was statistically significantly reduced for Group H compared with Group C. There was no significant difference among the hospitalization days between both groups. There was no statistical difference either for acute hydrocephalus or death rate. External ventricular drainage implantation days were significantly reduced for Group H related to Group C.
Conclusion The results of the present study points to the fact that, although apparently the new catheter design did not change some secondary complications such as hydrocephalus and hospitalization rate, it seems that a better or specifically designed catheter for IVH purposes might lead to less ICU hospitalization days and EVD implantation days, two factors that have economic impact on healthcare due to the reduction of hospitalization costs and reduced incidence of related complications. The information obtained by this preliminary study should be grounded by a larger, more detailed and prospective evaluation; if these preliminary data are maintained, the new design should be considered for IVH associated EVDs insertions.
Superficial-Temporal-Artery-To-Middle-Cerebral-Artery Bypass in Cerebrovascular Occlusive Disease and Hemodynamic-Related Ischemia: Illustrative Case and Literature Review
Authors: Isolan Gustavo Rassier , Caracante Ricardo de Andrade , Telles João Paulo Mota , Rabelo Nícollas Nunes , Figueredo Eberval Gadelha 
Published: January 2021

AbstractStroke is the third most common cause of death worldwide. About 10% to 15% of strokes related to the territory of the carotid artery are associated with its complete occlusion. There is an important subgroup of patients with cerebrovascular occlusive diseases who might benefit from an external-carotid-to-internal-carotid bypass. In the present study, we report a case of a 53-year-old male patient with stenosis of the M2 branch of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), with a history of ∼ 20 episodes of transient ischemic accidents (TIA)s, in whom an anastomosis of the M4 branch of the superficial temporal artery-MCA was performed. The patient was discharged in three days, and in the two years of follow-up, they were no more TIAs. We also conducted a review of the literature on cerebrovascular occlusive disease and extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery. New methods to evaluate cerebral hemodynamics made it possible to classify a new subgroup of patients with symptomatic cerebrovascular disease and documented cerebrovascular compromise in whom the drug therapy fails, who can benefit from the extracranial-intracranial bypass. Our case report illustrates the advantages of revascularization in these selected patients.
Immunosuppressive Agents and Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm: Real Correlation or Mere Coincidence?
Authors: Ostovar Roya , Laux Magdalena , Kuehnel Ralf-Uwe , Schroeter Filip , Braun Christian , Erb Michael , Albes Johannes M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis, hypertension, age, and fibrillopathies are well-known risk factors for the development of aortic aneurysm. We discovered that a significant proportion of our patients were previously on chemotherapy treatment or long-term treatment with cytostatic agents or immunosuppressive drugs. Thus, we examined this phenomenon.
Methods A total of 224 patients with thoracic aorta aneurysm were retrospectively analyzed after aortic surgery from 2006 to 2016. Seventy-three patients received aortic wrapping and 151 patients underwent aortic replacement of which 89 had a valve-carrying conduit and 62 a supracoronary ascending replacement. Aortic morphology was assessed by means of compute tomography scan before and after surgery. Demographic data, risk profile, and postoperative complications were collected. Short- and long-term survival analysis was performed. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 19.0.
Results Eighty-eight of 224 patients undergoing aortic surgery because of aortic aneurysm had previously or currently been treated with immunosuppressive agents. Dilatation of the ascending aorta was more pronounced in patients without such therapy. Demographic profile, intraoperative, as well as short- and long-term postoperative results did not differ significantly between both groups.
Conclusion The potential effect of immunosuppressant and cytostatic therapies on the development of an aortic aneurysm needs further study. Because of the astoundingly high proportion of these patients being found in an unselected aortic aneurysm cohort with immunosuppressive therapy in the past should be monitored for potential development of aortic aneurysm. If it occurs and requires treatment these patients can fortunately be operated upon with the same short- and long-term outcome than patients without such previous therapy.
Postoperative Bronchopleural Fistula: A Conservative Way of Treatment in Selected Cases
Authors: Amore Dario , Caterino Umberto , Casazza Dino , Imitazione Pasquale , Bergaminelli Carlo , Massa Simona , Curcio Carlo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Postoperative bronchopleural fistula represents a challenging issue for thoracic surgeons. The treatment options reported include bronchoscopic or surgical procedures but the method yielding the best results remains unclear.
Methods In our thoracic surgery department, between January 2011 and June 2020, 11 patients treated conservatively for early bronchopleural fistula after lobectomy or bilobectomy were reviewed. The fistula size ranged between 2 and 3 mm and complete suture dehiscence.
Results In all 11 patients favorable conditions such as clinical stability, complete expansion of the remaining lung, and resolution of the pleural infection allowed a successful conservative treatment with chest tube drainage.
Conclusion In selected cases, conservative management of early bronchopleural fistula after lobectomy or bilobectomy may be an alternative therapeutic option to bronchoscopic or surgical procedures, regardless of the fistula size.
Subclinical vestibular dysfunction in type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Moossavi Abdollah , Shaabani Moslem , Nasli Esfahani Ensieh , Vahedi Mohsen , Enayati Zakaria 
Published: January 2021

Objective
Metabolic changes that occur in diabetes mellitus (DM) can interfere with the energy supply for the metabolic active inner ear, resulting in vestibular impairments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of type 1 DM on the vestibular system using a vestibular test battery.

Methods
Vestibular function of fifteen asymptomatic type 1 DM patients with a mean age of 28 years (SD= 5.80) and 16 healthy controls with a mean age of 26 years (SD = 2.86), respectively, was assessed using video-head impulse test (vHIT), ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (o/cVEMP), and subjective visual vertical and horizontal (SVV/SVH).

Results
vHIT response was pathological, in approximately 6.66% of canals. The peak-to-peak p1-n1 amplitude in cVEMP and p1 latency of oVEMP were significantly smaller in the left ear (p = .018) and lengthened in both ears (p = .004) of DM participants compared to the healthy group, respectively. The mean deviation of dynamic SVV (Opto +40/s) was significantly increased (p = .022).

Conclusion
Asymptomatic DM can influence the vestibular system, especially the otolith organs, indicating the presence of subclinical vestibular dysfunction (VD) prior to the onset of vestibular manifestations, which can be detected using appropriate vestibular tests. Furthermore, DM might have selective or chronological order effects on the human vestibular system, with the otolith system damage preceded the semicircular canals. Thus, early and periodic vestibular assessment of DM patients for detecting possible latent VD and preventing further problems is advisable. However, further clinical studies are required.