bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Packaging as a Purchase Determinanton the Dietary Supplement Market in Poland
Authors: Ankiel Magdalena , Majewska Paulina , Urbaniak Maciej 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Unit packaging of dietary supplements - an inherent element of their manufacturing, without which they would be impossible to market — has numerous interlocking functions to fulfil, including the protective, transport, information, functional, ecological and marketing functions. The information function, however, is one of the priority functions of dietary supplement packaging. In the era of the continual development of online and self-service stores (including pharmacies), such packaging has become one of the key sources of information about dietary supplements’ features and properties, while also serving as a brand image creator and a carrier of promotional information. This raises the questions of whether and to what extent the unit packaging of dietary supplements influences the purchasing decisions of consumers, what features and elements of such packaging are crucial for consumers in the purchasing process, and what significance supplement packaging has in the purchasing process against the background of other purchasing determinants. Seeking to address these questions, herein we present selected results of an original study conducted in 2019 with a purposely selected sample of 468 dietary supplement consumers in Poland, whose main purpose was to identify the role and significance of packaging as a determinant of purchase in relation to three selected categories of dietary supplements..
Shape and Size of Particles Scaled from Concrete Surfaces during Salt Frost Testing and Rapid Freeze/thaw in Water
Authors: Brun Marte Beheim , Shpak Andrei , Jacobsen Stefan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Thickness (T), Length (L), Width (W) and size distribution of scaled concrete particles in frost testing were measured. T (mm) increases with particle size surprisingly similarly for different concrete qualities and frost test methods. 2T/(L+W) reduces as function of size and is lowest for the largest particles of the salt scaling test: 0.1 – 0.15 but increases if large aggregate particles scale. Particle size distributions from salt frost testing peak for particles of 1-2 mm. The particles are flakier compared to particles from freeze/thaw in water which also have flatter size distribution no matter type of concrete or degree of damage. Scaling in water is not so efficiently reduced by air voids despite protecting very efficiently against internal damage and scaling in salt frost testing. Comparisons with T predicted by the glue spall model (≈3/4 × ice thickness) and the air void dependent (≈3× critical air void spacing) model proposed by Fagerlund are difficult due to the size dependent flake thickness. Image analysis could well describe shape. Further studies of concrete flake thickness scaled at varying thickness of ice layers are proposed.
Locally Produced UHPC: The Influence of Type and Content of Steel Fibres
Authors: Lande Ingrid , Thorstensen Rein Terje 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ultra-high performance concrete might be a competitive alternative to normal concrete for some purposes. But despite research efforts during decades, utilisation is still not widespread. Reasons include limited competence and material availability. This paper presents one step of a research initiative aimed at facilitating the use of UHPC in Norway. The step presented here comprises the accumulated results from investigations on the influence steel fibres (content, type, and hybrid combination) have on material strength and deformation behaviour of locally produced UHPC, made with constituents found in southern Norway. 231 specimens were tested, spanning nine UHPC mixes. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was successfully used to study crack propagation. Compressive strength of 166 MPa and E-modulus of 46 GPa were obtained, not being influenced by fibre content. The flexural tensile strength was found to be strongly dependent on variations in steel fibre properties and mix design. The highest flexural tensile strength was obtained for prisms with micro straight steel fibres alone, or in 50% combination with macro hooked-end fibres. The experimental results are considered in a theory-informed discussion. Suggestions are made on the use of steel fibres in locally produced UHPC, potentially lowering the cost by 30%.
Decreasing Carbon Footprint of Block of Flats – Concrete Technology Possibilities
Authors: Lahdensivu Elina , Lahdensivu Jukka 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Construction business along with other businesses have set carbon neutrality goals in the following years. To reach these goals a lot needs to be done fairly quickly. The high impact of concrete production on carbon emissions has been known for years and solutions for this problem are studied in this paper through supplementary cementing materials.
Ordinary Portland cement can be replaced partly but not completely with cement replacing materials since the strength properties are lost at replacement level higher than 80%. These replacing binders can be pulverized fly ash, blast furnace slag or silica fume.
The use of the new low-carbon products can half the embodied carbon for the bearing frame of the building. The total area of a certain structure type is important since replacing its cement can have much higher impact on the total carbon footprint than replacing it for a single structure type that has fairly small area in the building.
Challenges of the Output-Employment Growth Imbalance in Transition Economies
Authors: Mihajlović Vladimir , Marjanović Gordana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The trade-off between output and unemployment has become an essential part of modern macroeconomics and is known as Okun’s law. However, in transition and emerging markets economies’ context, the output-employment nexus has a much more important role as these countries strive to significantly improve the growth dynamics of both variables. This paper aims to analyze the particularities of this relationship in selected Central- and South-Eastern European transition (and former transition) countries to find out a discrepancy between the output and employment growth. Therefore, the employment elasticity coefficients are calculated. The estimated results suggest that, in the observed period, economic growth has not contributed to satisfactory employment growth, which is commonly referred to as a “jobless growth” hypothesis. Accordingly, this paper attempts to single out the main challenges of the output-employment growth misbalance in these countries and propose adequate policy measures that could reduce it. The industrial policy that differentiates from the “one-size-fits-all” paradigm is emphasized as the most important part of macroeconomic policy in transition economies to make their development more balanced. Additionally, short-run stabilization policy, especially the one focused on the labour market, has a significant role in these economies.
Market Efficiency of Euro Exchange Rates and Trading Strategies
Authors: Bošnjak Mile , Novak Ivan , Vlajčić Davor 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper tests the hypothesis on market efficiency for returns on the euro against fifteen currencies while assuming predictability of returns, dependent on the sign and magnitude of endogenous shocks. Considering the properties of exchange rate returns, the quantile autoregression approach was selected in empirical analysis. Based on the research data sample, consisting of daily exchange rates between January first, 1999, and April thirty, 2020, the paper suggests profitable trading strategies depending on a currency pair. In the case of six out of fifteen currency pairs, exchange rate returns were found non-predictable or almost non-predictable. In the case of nine considered currency pairs, there was a significant linkage between current and past exchange rate returns, found as dependent on the sign and magnitude of endogenous shocks in exchange rate returns. Finally, the paper considered possible factors of inefficiency and suggested further research of the topic.
Sustainable Transport of Goods Using Combined Transport Solutions: The Case of EU
Authors: Minárik Marek 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper analyzes the importance of bimodal solutions in the rail-road transport of goods with an emphasis on the aspect of ecology within the geographical region of EU-28. Using the panel regression analysis in the period from 2010 to 2019, we are trying to confirm the dependence between the road and rail transport of goods by applying several freight units’ measures: the freight transport performance in tonne-kilometres, the freight transport performance in tonne-kilometres per thousand of USD, and the amount of goods transported in thousands of tonnes. The application of data to all selected freight units’ measures in the regression models confirms a relationship between road and rail transport. A direct relationship between these two modes of transport confirms the complementarity effect, which means that, in most cases, the goods transport solutions require the combination of road and rail mode, where the railway should be considered as the main transport/carrier, the road transport, however, should have the role of short pre-transport or post-transport. The ecological aspect of such bimodal solutions can also be emphasized since the railway transport is considered as an ecological mode.
Elderly Population and Labour Market Stabilization in Europe - The Case of Slovenia
Authors: Ovin Rasto , Divjak Marko , Čič Živa Veingerl , Maček Anita 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The growing share of the retired population in Europe worsens the balance of the social costs as social consensus in most European countries rests on extensive social transfers for this population group. With its 25% share in GDP and 50% share in social transfers, the European (continental) model is indeed not sustainable when compared globally. The current prevailing model of “rejuvenation” of the labour market through immigration did not prove as a sustainable solution. The same is valid for the perspective of fast technological change. It is based on filling the labour market with low-paid jobs enabling host economies to leave aside the imperative permanent change in the labour market structure. This paper discusses the case of Slovenia and tries to search the reasons for the absence of elderly population in the labour market in this country. Based on the data comparison and disposable studies, authors try to identify the main issues when endeavouring to keep elderly population in the labour market.
The resilience of Rubiaceae to anthropogenic factors: a case study from the Himalayan range of Western Bhutan
Authors: Tobgay  , Jamtsho Tenzin , Sridith Kitichate 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The study about the resilience of Rubiaceae to the influence of anthropogenic factors was conducted along the altitudinal gradient of 300–3900 m asl. in Western Bhutan. The survey covered three types of forest, categorized based on the prevalence of anthropogenic disturbances and assessed the diversity of Rubiaceae species in each forest type. The study recorded a total of 54 Rubiaceae species belonging to 41 genera from the study sites. The high diversity of Rubiaceae in the intermediately disturbed forest as revealed by Simpson and Shannon-Wiener diversity analysis and further strengthened by a between-group one-way ANOVA analysis contradicts the presumed description of Rubiaceae as ecologically sensitive. The wider adaptability range exhibited by Ceriscoides (Hook.f.) Tirvendadum, Himalrandia Yamazaki, Uncaria Schreber, and Leptodermis Wall. showing presence in all the forest categories indicates a higher survival rate of these genera. On the contrary, the species showing a higher rate of confinement to a specific habitat bears higher risk of extinction due to ever-rising anthropogenic disturbances. As such, an exhaustive research assessing the impact of different categories of anthropogenic factors on different species of Rubiaceae is required to understand the overall resilience of the family to the anthropogenic disturbances.
Immediate Effects of Prescribed Burning on Soil Mite (Acari: Oribatida) Communities in a Scots Pine (Pinus Sylvestris) Forest, Latvia
Authors: Šķērstiņa Rebeka , Kagainis Uģis 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Prescribed burning is used to maintain and restore habitats, to protect and increase species bio-diversity. Knowledge about soil fauna is limited, especially on community responses to fire disturbances. The aim of this study was to determine the immediate effects of prescribed burning on soil armoured mite (Acari: Oribatida) communities, vegetation cover and soil physiochemical properties in a boreal Scots pine forest in Latvia. Soil samples were collected on the day of the prescribed burning in the protected landscape area “Ādaži” and 16 days after. No significant changes in abiotic factors were found. Fire significantly decreased the vegetation cover. After the burning, the total number of oribatid mites decreased by 93%, and the number of species by 77%. Changes in oribatid mite communities were significantly influenced by fire severity. The number of individuals decreased among all taxa, except Brachychthonioidea spp. and Cosmochthonius lanathus. A significant decrease in abundance was observed in previously abundant species — Suctobelbella spp., Oppiella nova and Tectocepheus velatus. After the burning, Suctobelbella spp. was an eudominant and Tectocepheus spp. was a dominant genus.
Imaging the Other Side of the Iron Curtain: Then and Now. Oral History Research Conducted in Eastern Slovakia
Authors: Otčenášová Slávka 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFor forty years, the Iron Curtain was a symbol of a Europe divided between Soviet and Western influence. Powers on each side of the border invested huge efforts into creating ideologically motivated images of theOther. The article presents the outcomes of biographical research which offers an insight into how aged people in Eastern Slovakia remember their pre-1989 perceptions of the Western Block and how they think of life in the West today, focusing on the main element of their memories in this respect – emigration. It is the outcome of a broader oral history project being conducted in Slovakia since 2017, aiming to obtain and analyse current images of socialism, as communicated today by the generation of witnesses who were living their adult lives during the period spanning between the 1960s and the 1980s; and understanding the relations between the current attitudes and values of the respondents and their experience of life in state socialist regimes.
“vírus” da exclusão socioeconômico-digital no ensino superior em tempos de COVID-19
Authors: Freitas Marinaide , Freitas Antonio , Torres Andresso , Santos Ana Luísa 
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os achados de uma pesquisa matriz denominada “Pandemia e educação: narrativas de estudantes do ensino superior público do Estado de Alagoas, Brasil” que, no ano de 2020, problematizou: qual a situação dos/as estudantes em termos de acesso à Internet e aos equipamentos disponíveis para a participação de aulas on-line durante a fase mais aguda da Covid-19? A partir da abordagem quantiqualitativa, e na tentativa de “responder” essa problemática, utilizamos como fontes questionários e sessões conversa on-line com estudantes dos cursos de licenciatura em Pedagogia e de bacharelado em Jornalismo do Campus Maceió, da Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Nesse percurso, caracterizamos os sujeitos estudantes como praticantespensantes, heróis anônimos, que reinventaram novas maneiras de fazer e de estudar, nos âmbitos pessoal, doméstico e acadêmico. As narrativas demonstraram a preexistência do vírus da desigualdade nos contextos socioeconômicos e digitais dos/as estudantes dos cursos investigados antes do estado pandêmico, que foram desvelados durante a tragédia provocada pela Covid-19, na história presente (2020-2021).

Submetido: 05.02.2021
Aceite: 21.05.2021
ensino on-line em período de confinamento
Authors: Batista Paula , Amaral-da-Cunha Mariana , Silva Elsa , O’Hara Kelly , Graça Amândio 
Published: July 2021

Explorar as vozes de estudantes estagiários/as de Educação Física acerca do processo de reconfiguração do ensino presencial para o ensino on-line foi o propósito deste estudo. Foram incluídas 48 narrativas de estudantes-estagiários/as de quatro instituições de ensino superior de formação de professores de Educação Física em Portugal. A análise temática teve como conceitos sensibilizadores os elementos essenciais para a transação educativa (Garrison et al.), as caraterísticas pedagógicas que influenciam as experiências dos/as alunos/as no uso de dispositivos digitais (Kearney et al.) e o papel das emoções no aprender a ser professor/a (Zembylas). O empobrecimento do currículo, focado nas áreas da aptidão e dos conhecimentos, aliado à ausência de corpos (dos/as próprios/as estagiários/as e dos/as alunos/as) e de ‘toque’ comprometeu a aprendizagem de alunos/as e estagiários/as. A tecnologia, quando usada para promover o envolvimento, a comunicação e as interações, evitou que o espaço virtual se tornasse num ‘não lugar’. Os imperativos burocráticos, de regulação e controlo, comprometeram a aprendizagem e a função formativa da avaliação. O sentimento dos/as estagiários/as foi de perda por não interagirem presencialmente com os/as seus/suas alunos/as, mas também foi um desafio e um reconquistar de espaço de agenciamento junto aos/às orientadores/as.

Submetido: 15.02.2021
Aceite: 20.05.2021
Indonesia is a country of batik
Authors: Тришкина Татьяна Аркадьевна 
Published: July 2021

Индонезийский текстиль тема неисчерпаемая. Кроме тканей для одежды и предметов быта индонезийцы делают и картины на хлопке и шелке. Батик ткани ручной работы, в которых сплелись узоры тринадцати тысяч островов удивительной страны Индонезии. Уникальная коллекция батиков, начало которой было положено более 10 лет назад, неоднократно демонстрировалась на выставках в КомсомольскенаАмуре, Хабаровске, Владивостоке, Артеме и стала основой постоянно действующего проекта Индонезия любовь моя в галерее современного искусства Метаморфоза в КомсомольскенаАмуре с лекциями и видеобеседами. Этот проект посвящен уникальному этническому искусству жителей индонезийских островов.
Indonesian textile is an inexhaustible subject. In addition to fabrics for clothing and household items Indonesians do paintings on cotton and silk. Batik handmade fabrics, which are woven patterns of thirteen thousand Islands of the amazing country of Indonesia. The unique collection of batiks, which began more than 10 years ago, was repeatedly demonstrated at exhibitions in KomsomolskonAmur, Khabarovsk, Vladivostok, Artem, became the basis of a permanent art project Indonesia is my love in the gallery of modern art Metamorphosis in KomsomolskonAmur with lectures and video conversations. This project is dedicated to the unique ethnic art of the inhabitants of the Indonesian Islands.
«The wheel of teaching (the chakra)» from the collection of the State Hermitage museum
Authors: Батюк Галина Михайловна 
Published: July 2021

Статья посвящена произведению декоративно-прикладного искусства Колесо учения (чакра) , которое было представлено на выставке Дары Востока и Запада Императорскому двору за 300 лет в Государственном Эрмитаже в 20142016 гг. Колесо учения рассматривается в контексте дипломатических отношений между Россией и Тибетом, исторической обстановки начала XX в., основ буддийской религиозной системы, а также непосредственно с точки зрения художественных особенностей произведения.
The article focuses on the work of decorative art The wheel of teaching (the chakra) , which was presented at the exhibition Gifts of the East and the West to the Imperial court for 300 years in the State Hermitage Museum in 20142016. The author considers The wheel of teaching in the context of diplomatic relations between Russia and Tibet, the historical situation of the early XX century, the basics of the Buddhist religious system and directly from the point of view of the artistic features of the work.
City image in illustrations of Arabic manuscripts of the XII–XIV centuries
Authors: Стародуб Татьяна Хамзяновна 
Published: July 2021

В статье рассматриваются особенности и методы художественной визуализации образа города, описанного или вскользь упомянутого в иллюстрированных средневековых арабских рукописях. Инспирированный содержанием научных трактатов или литературных сочинений, основанный на реальных впечатлениях, старинных преданиях или авторских фантазиях, зрительный образ сказочного или реального города, априори существующего в историко-культурном пространстве средневекового исламского мира, как правило, независим от присутствия или отсутствия в тексте словесного аналога. Нередко он создается изображением, связанным по своему назначению с некой городской средой или вызывающим ассоциации с жизнью города в странах ислама в периоды X/XIXIV/XV веков. Таким изображением может быть многолюдный рынок, мечеть с минаретом, дворец, гостиница, библиотека, школа с учениками и наставником, жилой дом, бани, городской сад или кладбище. Воспроизведение конкретного города, обычно ограниченное задачами картографии, редко является целью оформителя арабской рукописи. Самые яркие и убедительные образы жизни города в обширном историко-географическом пространстве искусства арабского средневековья дают иллюстрации к рукописям Макам знаменитым плутовским новеллам иракского писателя аль-Харири (10541122).
This article concerns the features and methods of artistic visualization of the image of a city that described or mentioned only cursorily in texts of the illustrated medieval Arabic manuscripts. The visual images of a fabulous or real city, a priori existing in the historical and cultural space of the medieval Islamic world, inspired by the content of scientific treatises or literary works, and based on the real impressions or on folk tales either on authors fantasies usually are independent of the presence or absence of a verbal analogue in the text. It is often created by a portrayal associated in its purpose with a certain urban environment or causing associations with the lifestyle of a Muslim city. A city image is represented as a market with many people, or as a mosque with a minaret, either as a palace, a hotel, a library, or a school with students and their mentor, as a residential building, a city bath, a common garden or a cemetery. Reproduction of a particular city is rarely the goal of an Arabic manuscript artist. Few recognizable pictures of a specific city are mainly limited by illustrations of geographical treatises and are dictated by the tasks of cartography. The most vivid and convincing lifestyles of the city in the vast historical and geographical space of the Arab Middle Ages art culture are performed in multitudinous and diverse illustrations for the thirteen extant manuscripts of Maqamat (or Assemblies) the famous collection of entertaining and instructive crook novels by the Iraqi writer Al-Hariri of Basra (10541122).