bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ПСИХОГРАФІЧНОЇ СЕГМЕНТАЦІЇ ДЛЯ НАЛАГОДЖЕННЯ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ У СФЕРІ ПІДГОТОВКИ ЛІКАРІВ
Authors: Voronenko Yu. V. , Hulchiy O. P. , Zakharova N. M. , Balashov K. V. 
Published: April 2021

Мета: надати рекомендації для здійснення прицільної комунікації з ключовими групами споживачів послуг безперервного професійного розвитку на основі попередньої сегментації.
Матеріали і методи. Анкети 1768 респондентів, які представляють всі регіони України, щодо важливості чинників вибору форми безперервного професійного розвитку піддано факторному аналізу, за результатами якого отримано чотири фактори, значення яких використано для проведення кластерного аналізу (метод к-середніх). Оцінку результатів здійснювали на основі даних дескриптивної статистики, статистичну вірогідність різниці показників визначали методи попарного порівняння та дисперсійного аналізу.
Результати. У результаті сегментування, здійсненого на основі аналізу анкет лікарів – споживачів освітніх послуг, виявлено чотири ключові фактори вибору форми безперервного професійного розвитку: професійність, доступність навчального курсу, рівень соціальної активності, формалізм слухача, на основі яких утворено сім кластерів слухачів, що відрізняються за соціодемографічними та психографічними характеристиками.
Висновки. Критичними завданнями є оптимізація освітнього процесу, мінімізація документообігу, часу відриву від роботи фахівців, налагодження роботи з онлайн-медіа, облік, аналіз та комунікація з наявними освітніми послугами.
MitraClip After Failed Surgical Mitral Valve Repair—An International Multicenter Study
Authors: Rahhab Zouhair , Lim David Scott , Little Stephen H. , Taramasso Maurizio , Kuwata Shingo , Saccocci Matteo , Tamburino Corrado , Grasso Carmelo , Frerker Christian , Wißt Theresa , Garberich Ross , Hausleiter Jörg , Braun Daniel , Avenatti Eleonora , Delgado Victoria , Ussia Gian Paolo , Castriota Fausto , Nerla Roberto , Ince Hüseyin , Öner Alper , Estevez‐Loureiro Rodrigo , Latib Azeem , Regazzoli Damiano , Piazza Nicolo , Alosaimi Hind , de Jaegere Peter P. T. , Bax Jeroen , Dvir Danny , Maisano Francesco , Sorajja Paul , Reardon Michael J. , Van Mieghem Nicolas M. 
Published: April 2021

Background
Recurrence of mitral regurgitation (MR) after surgical mitral valve repair (SMVR) varies and may require reoperation. Redo mitral valve surgery can be technically challenging and is associated with increased risk of mortality and morbidity. We aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of MitraClip as a treatment strategy after failed SMVR and identify procedure modifications to overcome technical challenges.

Methods and Results
This international multicenter observational retrospective study collected information for all patients from 16 high‐volume hospitals who were treated with MitraClip after failed SMVR from October 29, 2009, until August 1, 2017. Data were anonymously collected. Technical and device success were recorded per modified Mitral Valve Academic Research Consortium criteria. Overall, 104 consecutive patients were included. Median Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 4.5% and median age was 73 years. At baseline, the majority of patients (82%) were in New York Heart Association class ≥III and MR was moderate or higher in 86% of patients. The cause of MR pre‐SMVR was degenerative in 50%, functional in 35%, mixed in 8%, and missing/unknown in 8% of patients. The median time between SMVR and MitraClip was 5.3 (1.9–9.7) years. Technical and device success were 90% and 89%, respectively. Additional/modified imaging was applied in 21% of cases. An MR reduction of ≥1 grade was achieved in 94% of patients and residual MR was moderate or less in 90% of patients. In‐hospital all‐cause mortality was 2%, and 86% of patients were in New York Heart Association class ≤II.

Conclusions
MitraClip is a safe and less invasive treatment option for patients with recurrent MR after failed SMVR. Additional/modified imaging may help overcome technical challenges during leaflet grasping.
Promoting Empirical Knowledge in Habsburg Europe
Authors: Ciancio Luca 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Recent studies on the functions performed by natural and mathematical sciences in Renaissance courts have shown how closely and extensively the domains of medicine, astrology and politics interacted with each other. The dedicatory letters to Cardinal and Prince-Bishop Bernardo Cles printed in works of medicine, astronomy and natural philosophy by scholars like Marco Antonio Rozoni (1524), Sebastian Münster (1527), Luca Gaurico (1531) Pietro Antonio Mattioli (1533) and Ludovico Nogarola (1536) reveal how much attention Ferdinand I’s Supreme Chancellor, a prelate and politician of unquestioned authority and power, devoted to such influential domains of natural science. In particular, they suggest that Bernardo was not unfavorable to a view of natural knowledge inspired by the anti-astrological skepticism of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola. What is more, his intellectual proximity to learned physicians working in the wake of Nicolò Leoniceno’s medical humanism lends credit to the image of a patron, and a ruler, who was oriented to rely preferably on natural knowledge grounded in repeatable sensorial experience.
Damages and Reparation in Energy Related Investment Treaty Arbitrations
Authors: Verburg Cees 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
International investment tribunals are frequently required to interpret and apply rules of Customary International Law (CIL) in investor-State disputes. This article examines how investor-State tribunals, in particular those constituted on the basis of the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT), have interpreted the CIL ‘full reparation’ standard regarding damages and reparation. By reference to ECT jurisprudence it is established that tribunals often utilize teleological interpretive tools to give content to this norm. Furthermore, some critical comments are made concerning the manner in which ECT tribunals subsequently apply the ‘full reparation’ standard. It is argued that the combination of the commonly adopted approaches to interpretation and application may explain why investors are occasionally capable of obtaining significant amounts of compensation in these public law disputes.
Towards the Next Generation Operational Meteorological Radar
Authors: Weber Mark , Hondl Kurt , Yussouf Nusrat , Jung Youngsun , Stratman Derek , Putnam Bryan , Wang Xuguang , Schuur Terry , Kuster Charles , Wen Yixin , Sun Juanzhen , Keeler Jeff , Ying Zhuming , Cho John , Kurdzo James , Torres Sebastian , Curtis Chris , Schvartzman David , Boettcher Jami , Nai Feng , Thomas Henry , Zrnić Dusan , Ivić Igor , Mirković Djordje , Fulton Caleb , Salazar Jorge , Zhang Guifu , Palmer Robert , Yeary Mark , Cooley Kevin , Istok Michael , Vincent Mark 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article summarizes research and risk reduction that will inform acquisition decisions regarding NOAA’s future national operational weather radar network. A key alternative being evaluated is polarimetric phased-array radar (PAR). Research indicates PAR can plausibly achieve fast, adaptive volumetric scanning, with associated benefits for severe-weather warning performance. We assess these benefits using storm observations and analyses, observing system simulation experiments, and real radar-data assimilation studies. Changes in the number and/or locations of radars in the future network could improve coverage at low altitude. Analysis of benefits that might be so realized indicates the possibility for additional improvement in severe-weather and flash-flood warning performance, with associated reduction in casualties. Simulations are used to evaluate techniques for rapid volumetric scanning and assess data quality characteristics of PAR. Finally, we describe progress in developing methods to compensate for polarimetric variable estimate biases introduced by electronic beam-steering. A research-to-operations (R2O) strategy for the PAR alternative for the WSR-88D replacement network is presented.
Moisture Variation with Cloud Effects during a BSISO over the Eastern Maritime Continent in a Cloud-Permitting-Scale Simulation
Authors: Wei Yuntao , Pu Zhaoxia 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDespite the great importance of interactions between moisture, clouds, radiation, and convection in the Madden–Julian oscillation, their role in the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) has not been well established. This study investigates the moisture variation of a BSISO during its rapid redevelopment over the eastern Maritime Continent through a cloud-permitting-scale numerical simulation. It is found that moisture variation depends closely on the evolution of clouds and precipitation. Total moisture budget analysis reveals that the deepening and strengthening (lessening) of humidity before (after) the BSISO deep convection are attributed largely to zonal advection. In addition, the column moistening/drying is mostly in phase with the humidity and is related to the maintenance of BSISO. An objective cloud-type classification method and a weak temperature gradient approximation are used to further understand the column moistening/drying. Results indicate that elevated stratiform clouds play a significant role in moistening the lower troposphere through cloud water evaporation. Decreases in deep convection condensation and reevaporation of deep stratiform precipitation induce moistening during the development and after the decay of BSISO deep convection, respectively. Meanwhile, anomalous longwave radiative heating appears first in the lower troposphere during the developing stage of BSISO, further strengthens via the increase of deep stratiform clouds, and eventually deepens with elevated stratiform clouds. Accordingly, anomalous moistening largely in phase with the humidity of BSISO toward its suppressed stage is induced via compensated ascent. Owing to the anomalous decrease in the ratio of vertical moisture and potential temperature gradients, the cloud–radiation effect is further enhanced in the convective phase of BSISO.
The NASA GSFC 94-GHz Airborne Solid-State Cloud Radar System (CRS)
Authors: Walker McLinden Matthew L. , Li Lihua , Heymsfield Gerald M. , Coon Michael , Emory Amber 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe NASA Goddard Space Flight Center’s (GSFC’s) W-band (94 GHz) Cloud Radar System (CRS) has been comprehensively updated to modern solid-state and digital technology. This W-band (94 GHz) radar flies in nadir-pointing mode on the NASA ER-2 high-altitude aircraft, providing polarimetric reflectivity and Doppler measurements of clouds and precipitation. This paper describes the design and signal processing of the upgraded CRS. It includes details on the hardware upgrades [solid-state power amplifier (SSPA) transmitter, antenna, and digital receiver] including a new reflectarray antenna and solid-state transmitter. It also includes algorithms, including internal loop-back calibration, external calibration using a direct relationship between volume reflectivity and the range-integrated backscatter of the ocean, and a modified staggered–pulse repetition frequency (PRF) Doppler algorithm that is highly resistant to unfolding errors. Data samples obtained by upgraded CRS through recent NASA airborne science missions are provided.
Evaluation of ECMWF Precipitation Predictions in China during 2015–18
Authors: Liu Cui , Sun Jianhua , Yang Xinlin , Jin Shuanglong , Fu Shenming 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPrecipitation forecasts from the ECMWF model from March to September during 2015–18 were evaluated using observed precipitation at 2411 stations from the China Meteorological Administration. To eliminate the influence of varying climatology in different regions in China, the stable equitable error in probability space method was used to obtain criteria for 3- and 6-h accumulated precipitation at each station and classified precipitation into light, medium, and heavy precipitation. The model was evaluated for these categories using categorical and continuous methods. The threat score and the equitable threat score showed that the model’s forecasts of rainfall were generally more accurate at shorter lead times, and the best performance occurred in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin. The miss ratio for heavy precipitation was higher in the northern region than in the southern region, while heavy precipitation false alarms were more frequent in southwestern China. Overall, the miss ratio and false alarm ratio for heavy precipitation were highest in northern China and western China, respectively. For light and medium precipitation, the model performed best in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin. The model predicted too much light and medium precipitation, but too little heavy precipitation. Heavy precipitation was generally underestimated over all of China, especially in the western region of China, South China, and the Yungui Plateau. Heavy precipitation was systematically underestimated because of the resolution and the related parameterization of convection.
Robot Application for Hepatopancreatic Disorders, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, and Achalasia
Authors: Rosemurgy Alexander , Bourdeau Timothy , Luberice Kenneth , Sucandy Iswanto , Ross Sharona 
Published: April 2021

Introduction We undertook this study to describe the number and variety of robotic operations undertaken for hepatopancreatic and esophageal disorders. Methods Data from 2015 through March of 2018 were analyzed for da Vinci™ robot application for hepatopancreatic disorders, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and achalasia. Results From 2015 through 2017, robotic hepatopancreatic operations increased 49%, robotic hepatic operations increased 107%, and robotic pancreatic operations increased 26%. Quarter after quarter, robotic application increased for hepatopancreatic operations, hepatic operations, and pancreatic operations ( P < .001 for each) with acceleration over the most recent months. The application of the Xi robot platform increased from 12% of robotic hepatopancreatic operations in 2015-71% in 2018 (1075% increase in numbers). From 2015 through 2017, robotic fundoplications and myotomies increased by 55%, robotic fundoplications increased by 59%, and robotic Heller myotomies increased by 211%. Quarter after quarter, robotic application increased for fundoplications and Heller myotomies ( P < .001 for each) with acceleration over the most recent months. The application of the Xi robot platform increased from 13% of these robotic operations in 2015-64% in 2018 (935% increase in numbers). Less than 10% of hepatopancreatic operations, fundoplications, and myotomies are undertaken robotically. Conclusions There has been an accelerating increase in the number of robotic operations for hepatopancreatic disorders, GERD, and achalasia over the past 3 ¼ years. Application of the Xi robot has dramatically increased, both absolutely and relatively. Still only a small proportion of operations for hepatopancreatic disorders, GERD, and achalasia use the robotic platform; this is changing fast.
John Senders, Human Error, and System Safety
Authors: Strauch Barry 
Published: April 2021

Objective I examine John Senders’ work and discuss his influence on the study of error causation,error mitigation, and sociotechnical system safety. Background John Senders’ passing calls for an evaluation of the impact of his work. Method I review literature and accident investigation findings to discuss themes in Senders’ work and potential associations between that work and error causation and system safety. Results Senders consistently emphasized empirical rigor and theoretical exploration in his research, with the desire to apply that work to enhance human performance. He has contributed to changing the way error has been viewed, and to developing and implementing programs and techniques to mitigate error. While a causal relationship between Senders’ work and safety cannot be established, an association can be drawn between his research and efforts to mitigate error. Conclusion Because of Senders’ work, we have a better understanding of error causation and enhanced ways of mitigating system errors. However, new sources of error, involving advanced systems and operators’ knowledge and understanding of their functionalities can, if not addressed, degrade system safety. Application Modifications to advanced automation and operator training are suggested, and research to improve operator expertise in interacting with automated systems proposed.
The Wounds of COVID-19 and Responses to the Challenges: A Commentary on India’s Macroeconomic Scenario
Authors: Pant Vimal , Pathak Prachi 
Published: April 2021

The COVID pandemic has ravaged the economic health of all countries round the world. This work is a commentary on the scale of the impact the disease has created on the economy and how the country has responded to the challenge. It looks into the interventions of the government as well as their possible implications on the macroeconomic health of the country. We have also suggested measures that could assist in redeeming the economic health and bringing out the vulnerable businesses from existential crisis. JEL Classification Codes: E00, E20, E23, E24, E32
Pathways to mental health consultations: A study from a tertiary care setting in India
Authors: Goyal Sneha , Sudhir Paulomi M , Sharma Mahendra Prakash 
Published: April 2021

Background: Research indicates that help seeking for mental health is low and often delayed. Understanding pathways to care is crucial to facilitate mental health referrals and reduce the time to consultation. Methods: In the present study, 63 individuals were assessed on illness severity, attitudes towards help-seeking and pathways-to-care. Results: Multiple pathways for therapy were noted, a delayed-pathway, two-step referral pathway and a direct-pathway. Most prominent pathway was the delayed-pathway. The direct-pathway had least treatment delay, contributed by timely recognition of symptoms by the patient. As first point of contact, patients preferred psychiatrists and popularly sought information about treatment via media. Conclusions: There are multiple pathways to consultations, often leading to treatment delay in care received. Timely recognition of symptoms was associated a direct pathway and the least delay. These findings have implications for strengthening routes to mental health specialists at early stages and increasing awareness about treatment available.
‘Love comes first, and it is ahead of any different political partisanism’: How political polarizations compare to other forms of discrimination in Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Authors: Agrest Martín , Nemirovsky Martín , Dishy Gabriella , Abadi Daniel , Leiderman Eduardo 
Published: April 2021

Background: Affective polarization and stigma toward individuals with schizophrenia and toward immigrants in Argentina are not new despite its importance and dissemination. However, no research has been conducted taking into consideration political partisanship and attitudes toward these groups. Aims: Political polarization and attitudes toward socialization across party lines are studied in conjunction with attitudes toward immigrants and toward individuals with schizophrenia. Method: Individuals from Buenos Aires ( n = 712) were surveyed for their political partisanship and their attitudes toward Peruvian and Bolivian immigrants, people with schizophrenia and partisans from the opposing political party. A modified version of the Bogardus scale was used. Results: Social distance was from highest to lowest toward people with schizophrenia, political opponents, and immigrants. Individuals with schizophrenia were strongly discriminated against by most participants: 86% would definitely or probably not want them to take care of their children, 83% would not want them to be their healthcare provider, and 81% would not want to marry them. Immigrants were comparatively not discriminated against: 10% would not want them to take care of their children, 8% would not want to receive health care from them, and 28% would not want to marry them. Cristina Fernández de Kirchner partisans showed the lowest level of discrimination toward these two groups, compared to Mauricio Macri partisans and to independent voters. However, the former group had greater discriminatory attitudes toward Mauricio Macri partisans than the latter. Conclusions: As compared to other discriminatory attitudes, discrimination toward persons with schizophrenia is widespread and pervasive. Lower levels of discrimination toward people with schizophrenia and toward immigrants would not predict attitudes toward the opposing political partisans.
The association of mental health with positive behaviours, attitudes and virtues in community-dwelling older adults: Results of a population-based study
Authors: Martins Eduardo Luiz Mendonça , Salamene Laís Cunha , Lucchetti Alessandra Lamas Granero , Lucchetti Giancarlo 
Published: April 2021

Background: Despite major advancements in understanding of the factors associated with mental health in older adults, studies assessing positive behaviours, attitudes and virtues are still scarce in the literature. Aims: This study aims to investigate whether factors related to positive behaviours, attitudes and virtues are associated with mental health (i.e. depression, anxiety and stress) and satisfaction with life in Brazilian community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study of Brazilian older adults who were users of the public health system and seen by Family Health teams was conducted in 2017. Instruments were applied to assess cognition, physical activity, sleep, quality of life, social support, religiousness, spirituality, satisfaction with life, resilience, altruism, volunteerism, loneliness, meaning in life and mental health (i.e. depression, anxiety and stress). Analyses were carried out using linear and logistic regression models. Results: A total of 534 (93.5%) older adults were included. Positive behavioural factors and values including volunteerism, meaning in life, resilience, peace, loneliness, faith and religiousness were associated with mental health outcomes (i.e. depression, anxiety and stress), as were traditional factors, such as sleep, gender, social support and cognitive state. Conclusions: Aspects related to positive behaviour, attitudes and virtues can impact the mental health of the older population. These results can serve to alert health professionals on the importance of addressing these factors and help guide the implementation of preventive measures and interventions for this age group.
Influence of graphene–carbon nanotubes and processing parameters on electrical and dielectric properties of polypropylene nanocomposites
Authors: Uyor UO , Popoola API , Popoola OM , Aigbodion VS 
Published: April 2021

In this study, the effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene nanosheets (GNs) on the microstructure, electrical conductivity and relative dielectric permittivity of polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites were investigated in relation to the melt compounding parameters. Although CNTs/GNs can significantly improve the conductivity and permittivity of PP nanocomposites, more significant results can be obtained by using optimal fabrication parameters. For optimal melt processing parameters using Taguchi optimization method, electrical conductivity and relative dielectric permittivity of about 3.08 × 10−5 S/m and 158.97 were achieved, whereas only about 1.34 × 10−11 S/m and 2.02 were measured for pure PP respectively. Therefore, this study showcased optimal melt compounding process parameters for the endless future research on PP-CNTs/GNs nanocomposites for various advanced engineering applications. This will also guide future research on the uniform use of melt fabrication parameters for proximity in comparison of results published on PP-CNTs/GNs nanocomposites.