bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making meaning with metaphor in grief therapy
Authors: Tay Dennis , Neimeyer Robert A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Metaphors play an important role in contemporary approaches to grief therapy by helping clients (re)construe their
continuing relationship with the deceased. Relevant studies have illustrated the substantive elements of metaphors (i.e. sources, targets,
and mappings) in this regard, often focusing on localized bursts of intense metaphoric activity. This paper highlights the extended nature
of metaphoric conceptualizations and their relationship with key meaning-making processes, following the principle of ‘correspondent
analysis’ as a collaborative move between language analysts and therapy practitioners. Three specific phenomena are detailed through a mixed
methods analysis of 18 motivated segments in a single session of grief therapy: (i) sporadic sources, (ii) persistent sources, and (iii)
metaphor ‘chaining’ across embodied and verbal activity. Their respective links to treatment objectives and processes demonstrate how
metaphor theoretic constructs dovetail with therapeutic work, and suggest future avenues for modeling unfolding metaphoric activity as a
time series.
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (leaf curl).
Authors: Czosnek Henryk 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

The wide global distribution of tomato crops and the dramatic outbreaks of the populations of the TYLCV vector, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, led to a pandemic of this devastating disease. The virus probably arose in the Middle East between the 1930s and 1950s. Its global invasion began in the 1980s after the emergence of two strains: TYLCV-IL and TYLCV-Mld. The long-distance transportation of viruliferous whiteflies contaminating commercial shipments of tomato seedlings and ornamentals is probably the major reason for the virus pandemic (Caciagli, 2007). Sequence analyses allowed Lefeuvre et al. (2010) to trace the history of TYLCV spread. For instance, TYLCV-IL has invaded the Americas at least twice, once from the Mediterranean basin in 1992-1994 and once from Asia (a descendant of imported Middle Eastern TYLCV) in 1999-2003. As a result the estimated losses caused by TYLCV reached about 20% of tomato production in the USA, and 30-100% in the Caribbean Islands, Mexico, Central America and Venezuela. Therefore several countries (Australia, EU) have established severe quarantine measures to control the whitefly vector.
Rolling friction in a 3D printed stringless pendulum
Authors: Hanisch C , Ziese M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The motion of a billiard ball rolling on a 3D printed stringless pendulum was studied by video analysis. This allows for the measurement of the eigenfrequency as well as the coefficients of viscous drag and rolling friction. The stringless pendulum consisted of two circle sectors with variable distance, such that friction coefficients could be determined as a function of rolling radius. Rolling resistance decreases with increasing rolling radius, but does not follow a simple power law; instead the data suggest an exponential dependence.
Control of electron velocity distributions at the wafer by tailored voltage waveforms in capacitively coupled plasmas to compensate surface charging in high-aspect ratio etch features
Authors: Hartmann P , Wang L , Nösges K , Berger B , Wilczek S , Brinkmann R P , Mussenbrock T , Juhasz Z , Donkó Z , Derzsi A , Lee Eunwoo , Schulze J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Low pressure single- or dual-frequency capacitively coupled radio frequency (RF) plasmas are frequently used for high-aspect ratio (HAR) dielectric etching due to their capability to generate vertical ion bombardment of the wafer at high energies. Electrons typically reach the wafer at low energies and with a wide angular distribution during the local sheath collapse. Thus, in contrast to positive ions, electrons cannot propagate deeply into HAR etch features and the bottom as well as the sidewalls of such trenches can charge up positively, while the mask charges negatively. This causes etch stops and distortion of profile shapes. Here, we investigate low pressure, high voltage capacitively coupled RF argon gas discharges by Particle-In-Cell/Monte Carlo collisions simulations and demonstrate that this problem can be solved by Voltage Waveform Tailoring, i.e. the velocity and angular distribution of electrons impacting on the electrodes can be tuned towards high velocities and small angles to the surface-normal, while keeping the energies of the impacting ions high. The applied voltage waveforms consist of a base frequency of 400 kHz with 10 kV amplitude and a series of higher harmonics. A high frequency component at 40 or 60 MHz is used additionally. Square voltage waveforms with different rise-times are examined as well. We show that high fluxes of electrons towards the wafer at normal velocities of up to 2.2 × 107 m s−1 (corresponding to 1.4 keV energy) can be realized.
Emission from silicon as a real-time figure of merit for laser-induced periodic surface structure formation
Authors: Dmytruk Andriy , Dmitruk Igor , Berezovska Nataliya , Karlash Anna , Kadan Viktor , Blonskyi Ivan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this work femtosecond laser treatment of crystalline silicon was performed with the aim of producing laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs), and emission from the processing area was measured. Broad photoluminescence (PL) of the oxidized silicon, second-harmonic generation (SHG) of the laser radiation on the structured surface and sharp emission lines (ELs) of the ablated silicon atoms were detected. The ratio of intensities of SHG to PL (or SHG to EL) is suggested as a real-time figure of merit for LIPSS formation. Diffraction patterns of white light on the produced LIPSS confirm this suggestion.
Comparing equilibration schemes of high-molecular-weight polymer melts with topological indicators
Authors: Tubiana Luca , Kobayashi Hideki , Potestio Raffaello , Dünweg Burkhard , Kremer Kurt , Virnau Peter , Daoulas Kostas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Recent theoretical studies have demonstrated that the behaviour of molecular knots is a sensitive indicator of polymer structure. Here, we use knots to verify the ability of two state-of-the-art algorithms—configuration assembly and hierarchical backmapping—to equilibrate high-molecular-weight (MW) polymer melts. Specifically, we consider melts with MWs equivalent to several tens of entanglement lengths and various chain flexibilities, generated with both strategies. We compare their unknotting probability, unknotting length, knot spectra, and knot length distributions. The excellent agreement between the two independent methods with respect to knotting properties provides an additional strong validation of their ability to equilibrate dense high-MW polymeric liquids. By demonstrating this consistency of knotting behaviour, our study opens the way for studying topological properties of polymer melts beyond time and length scales accessible to brute-force molecular dynamics simulations.
Renewable UV-curable polyester methacrylate/cellulose nanocrystals composite resin for wood waterproof coating
Authors: Tian Yuan , Gao Ya , Pan Xueyi , Liu Qiaochu , Wang Jiao , Jin Ming , Li Jianbo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Low-viscosity UV-curable resins are widely used in industry as they allow for UV curing materials with reduced amounts of reactive diluents to adjust the viscosity. But their mechanical properties and waterproof performance after curing as UV coatings still need to be improved. Here, a series of low-viscosity bio-based UV-curable polyester methacrylates were synthesized through L-lactide (LA) and ε-caprolactone (CL) monomers. The results show that the introduction of star-shaped structure and random copolymerization of LA and CL can effectively reduce the viscosity of the resin to 313 mPa · s and at the same time increase the double bond conversion rate and maintain good mechanical properties. The composite resin was prepared by blending the star-shaped low-viscosity polyester methacrylate resin with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and the microstructure was characterized by XRD and TEM. The curing kinetics, mechanical properties, thermal properties and waterproof properties of the composite resin were further tested. When the mass fraction of CNCs is 2.5 wt%, the water absorption rate of the pine samples coated with UV-cured composite resin is reduced to 17%, which is 65% lower than that of the uncoated samples and 20% lower than that of the samples coated with resin without CNC. This article provides a feasible and effective method for improving the mechanical properties and waterproof performance of low-viscosity UV-curing resins.
Thermally-assisted milling and hydrogenolysis for synthesizing ultrafine MgH2 with destabilized thermodynamics
Authors: Huang L J , Shi S T , Cui J , Liu J W , Ouyang L Z , Wang H 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A novel process has been developed to synthesize MgH2 nanoparticles by combining ball milling and thermal hydrogenolysis of di-n-butylmagnesium (C4H9)2Mg, denoted as MgBu2. With the aid of mechanical impact, the hydrogenolysis temperature of MgBu2 in heptane and cyclohexane solution was considerably lowered down to 100 °C, and the MgH2 nanoparticles with an average particle size of ca. 8.9 nm were obtained without scaffolds. The nano-size effect of the MgH2 nanoparticles causes a notable decrease in the onset dehydrogenation temperature of 225 °C and enthalpy of 69.78 kJ mol−1 · H2. This thermally-assisted milling and hydrogenolysis process may also be extended for synthesizing other nanomaterials.
Excitation and manipulation of guided shear-horizontal plane wave using elastic metasurfaces
Authors: Cao Xi , Jia Chunlin , Miao Hongchen , Kang Guozheng , Zhang Chuanzeng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The lowest order shear horizontal wave (SH0 wave) is of great importance in structural health monitoring (SHM) and nondestructive testing (NDT), since it is the only non-dispersive guided wave mode in elastic plates. However, SH0 wave is less used than Lamb waves in the past decades, which is mainly attributed to the fact that controllable excitation of pure mode SH0 wave and manipulation of its propagation are more difficult than Lamb waves. In this work, inspired by the unique feature of SH0 wave that it can propagate around curved surfaces with negligible reflection, metasurfaces based on multiple arch-shaped strips are proposed for generating plane SH0 wave from a cylindrical wave source and realizing anomalous refraction of SH0 wave. Firstly, after analyzing the wave modes in finite-width arch-shaped strips, the strips’ capability of covering full 2π phase shift with high transmittances is demonstrated. Then three types of metasurfaces, i.e. the device for converting cylindrical SH0 wave to plane wave, the metasurface for directional refraction and the one for delivering the wave energy along a circular path are designed and validated by simulations. After that, experiments are conducted to investigate the designed metasurfaces’ performances and the obtained results are in good agreement with the design expectations. The proposed metasurfaces provide a cheap way to generate plane SH0 wave and manipulate its propagation, which will have great potential applications in NDT and SHM.
Production and reconstruction of short-lived resonances in heavy-ion collisions at NICA energies using the MPD detector
Authors: Riabov Victor 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The short-lived resonances have been used to study properties of the heavy-ion collisions at SPS, RHIC and the LHC. The resonance yields measured in the hadronic decay channels are affected by the rescattering and regeneration effects in the late hadronic phase. The mesonic and baryonic resonances with different strangeness content are used to study the strangeness enhancement phenomenon predicted as one of the signatures for the QCD phase transition. Having different masses and baryonic numbers, the resonances contribute to the study of hadronization mechanisms at low and intermediate transverse momenta. The extensive resonance measurements are not experimentally available in heavy-ion collisions at NICA energies. In this contribution, we study the resonance properties and their sensitivity to different stages of Au+Au collisions at

s

N
N

= 4–11 GeV. Results of feasibility studies for reconstruction of ρ(770)0, K*(892), ϕ(1020), Λ(1520), Σ(1385)± and Ξ(1530)0 resonances in the MPD detector at NICA are presented and discussed.
A comparison of trapping the rubidium atoms in optical and magnetic lattices
Authors: Karimi Parvin , Ghanbari Saeed , Rezaei Fatemeh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the critical parameters of quantum phase transition from the superfluid to the Mott insulator phase are studied for three-dimensional traps in 2D optical lattices and permanent magnetic lattices for trapping the 87Rb atoms. Using the harmonic oscillator wave function approximation, the on-site interaction U, the hopping matrix element J and the ratio J/U are calculated to determine the quantum phase transition point analytically. In a magnetic lattice two components of the external magnetic field B
1x
and B
1y
had been considered for studying quantum phase transition. Here, B
1z
as the z- direction component of the bias magnetic field is also considered for further control of the magnetic lattice parameters. In addition, an optical lattice constructed from the interference of two pairs of orthogonal counter-propagating laser beams is investigated. In both optical and magnetic lattices, the ratio J/U and the critical point of the quantum phase transition can be calculated by variation of the potential barrier height between traps. Comparison of optical lattices with permanent magnetic lattices shows that in the critical point of quantum phase transition the potential barrier height of the magnetic potential is higher than that of the optical trap which suggests that the magnetic microtraps are deeper and more stable than the optical traps in similar structures.
Dirac neutrinos and Neff. Part II. The freeze-in case
Authors: Luo Xuheng , Rodejohann Werner , Xu Xun-Jie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We discuss Dirac neutrinos whose right-handed component νR has new interac­tions that may lead to a measurable contribution to the effective number of relativistic neutrino species Neff. We aim at a model-independent and comprehensive study on a variety of possibilities. Processes for νR-genesis from decay or scattering of thermal species, with spin-0, spin-1/2, or spin-1 initial or final states are all covered. We calculate numerically and analytically the contribution of νR to Neff primarily in the freeze-in regime, since the freeze-out regime has been studied before. While our approximate analytical results apply only to freeze-in, our numerical calculations work for freeze-out as well, including the transition between the two regimes.
Using current and future constraints on Neff, we obtain limits and sensitivities of CMB experiments on masses and couplings of the new interactions. As a by-product, we obtain the contribution of Higgs-neutrino interactions,
Δ Neff SM ≃ 7.5 × 10-12, assuming the neutrino mass is 0.1 eV and generated by the standard Higgs mechanism.
Extracting the Optical Depth to Reionization τ from 21 cm Data Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Billings Tashalee S. , La Plante Paul , Aguirre James E. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Upcoming measurements of the high-redshift 21 cm signal from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) are a promising probe of the astrophysics of the first galaxies and of cosmological parameters. In particular, the optical depth τ to the last scattering surface of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) should be tightly constrained by direct measurements of the neutral hydrogen state at high redshift. A robust measurement of τ from 21 cm data would help eliminate it as a nuisance parameter from CMB estimates of cosmological parameters. Previous proposals for extracting τ from future 21 cm data sets have typically used the 21 cm power spectra generated by semi-numerical models to reconstruct the reionization history. We present here a different approach which uses convolution neural networks (CNNs) trained on mock images of the 21 cm EoR signal to extract τ. We construct a CNN that improves upon on previously proposed architectures, and perform an automated hyperparameter optimization. We show that well-trained CNNs are able to accurately predict τ, even when removing Fourier modes that are expected to be corrupted by bright foreground contamination of the 21 cm signal. Typical random errors for an optimized network are less than 3.06%, with biases factors of several smaller. While preliminary, this approach could yield constraints on τ that improve upon sample-variance limited measurements of the low-ℓ EE observations of the CMB, making this approach a valuable complement to more traditional methods of inferring τ.
Thermodynamic instability of 3D Einstein-Born-Infeld AdS black holes *
Authors: Jing Hongmei , Mu Benrong , Tao Jun , Wang Peng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Super-entropic black holes possess finite-area but noncompact event horizons and violate the reverse isoperimetric inequality. It has been conjectured that such black holes always have negative specific heat at constant volume

or negative specific heat at constant pressure

whenever

, making them unstable in extended thermodynamics. In this paper, we describe a test of this instability conjecture with a family of nonlinear electrodynamic black holes, namely 3D Einstein-Born-Infeld (EBI) AdS black holes. Our results show that when nonlinear electrodynamics effects are weak, the instability conjecture is valid. However, the conjecture can be violated in some parameter region when nonlinear electrodynamics effects are strong enough. This observation thus provides a counter example to the instability conjecture, which suggests that super-entropic black holes may be thermodynamically stable.
Simultaneous and proportional control of wrist and hand movements by decoding motor unit discharges in real time
Authors: Chen Chen , Yu Yang , Sheng Xinjun , Farina Dario , Zhu Xiangyang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objective. Surface electromyography (EMG) decomposition techniques can be used to establish human-machine interfacing (HMI), but most investigations are implemented offline due to the computational load of the approach. Here, we generalize the offline decomposition algorithm to identify the motor unit (MU) activities in real time, and we propose a MU-based approach for online simultaneous and proportional control (SPC) of multiple motor tasks. Approach. High-density surface EMG signals recorded from forearm muscles were decomposed into motor unit spike trains (MUSTs) with the proposed decomposition method. The MUSTs were first pooled into clusters in the calibration phase and the cumulative discharges of active MUs in each group were extracted as the control signal for each motor task. Then the subjects were instructed to control a virtual cursor with multiple motor tasks involving grasp and wrist movements. Fifteen able-bodied subjects and two patients with limb deficiency participated in the experiments to validate the proposed control scheme. Main results. On average, over 20 MUSTs were identified in real time with an estimated decomposition accuracy

>

85%. The cumulative discharge in each pool was highly correlated with the activation of the specific motion (R = 0.93 ± 0.05). Moreover, the proposed MU-based method had superior performance in online tests than conventional myo-control methods based on global EMG features. Significance. These results indicate the feasibility of real-time neural decoding in a non-invasive way. Moreover, the superior performance in online tests proves the potential of the MU-based approach for the SPC, promoting the application of EMG decomposition for HMI systems.
Fundamental diagram of pedestrian flow including wheelchair users in straight corridors
Authors: Pan Hongliang , Zhang Jun , Song Weiguo , Yao Bin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The improvement of evacuation efficiency for pedestrians mixed with wheelchair users has practical significance to public safety. In this study, a series of pedestrian experiments are performed in corridors considering assisted wheelchair users. It is observed that an able-bodied pedestrian’s unimpeded speed and relaxation time are 38.9% higher and 24.5% shorter than those of wheelchair users, respectively. The forward proxemic values of wheelchair users are smaller than their backward ones. However, both are larger than those of able-bodied participants. The presence of wheelchair users makes the pedestrian flow have a smaller density range (0.59–4.17 m−2) and flow rate (1.49 ± 0.21 (m s)−1). The critical headway and safe response time (reciprocal of the proportionality constant of the headway–speed relation) are 11.76% and 20.93% longer, respectively. The findings illustrate a lower efficiency and higher safety requirements for pedestrian flow including wheelchair users, which is valuable for simulation construction, facility design or evacuation guidance.
Two halves of a meaningful text are statistically different
Authors: Deng Weibing , Xie Rongrong , Deng Shengfeng , Allahverdyan Armen E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Which statistical features distinguish a meaningful text (possibly written in an unknown system) from a meaningless set of symbols? Here we answer this question by comparing features of the first half of a text to its second half. This comparison can uncover hidden effects, because the halves have the same values of many parameters (style, genre, etc). We found that the first half has more different words and more rare words than the second half. Also, words in the first half are distributed less homogeneously over the text. These differences hold for the significant majority of several hundred relatively short texts we studied. Differences disappear after a random permutation of words that destroys the linear structure of the text. The differences reveal a temporal asymmetry in meaningful texts, which is confirmed by showing that texts are much better compressible in their natural way (i.e. along the narrative) than in the word-inverted form. We conjecture that these results connect the semantic organization of a text (defined by the flow of its narrative) to its statistical features.
STEM-based physics multimedia design for stimulating HOTS on water and wind energy topic: Physics teacher perception
Authors: Diansah Irani , Suyatna Agus , Viyanti  
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe aims of this research is to design a STEM-Based Physics Multimedia Design for stimulating HOTS on water and wind energy topic. The method in this research is Research and Development using the ADDIE model from Reiser and Mollenda, which consists of five stages, specifically: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. This study describes the results up to the Analyze and Design stages by descriptive qualitative analysis. Design Stage made with sheet validation by the practitioner using a Likert scale Validator product design consisting of ten professional physics teachers with qualifications Master of Physical Education. The research results obtained that it is needed the development of STEM-Based Multimedia Design for Stimulating HOTS on Water and Wind Energy topic. The multimedia design that has the potential to stimulate HOTS on the water and wind energy materes consists of videos and animation of water and wind energy power plants that contain all components of STEM. Because the design was obtained valid to used, so, further research to develop STEM-based multimedia for stimulating HOTS on water and wind energy materials is needed.