bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment with sera from Water Polo athletes activates AMPKα and ACC proteins In HepG2 hepatoma cell line
Authors: Polito Rita , Monaco Maria Ludovica , Mallardo Marta , Elce Ausilia , Daniele Aurora , Nigro Ersilia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Physical activity and professional physical activity such as water polo (WP) sport, has numerous beneficial effects to fight metabolism-related disorders through several mechanisms, including the promotion of liver metabolic adaptations, and the modulation of cytokine production. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different types of physical activity on AMPKα and ACC, two proteins involved in liver metabolism; therefore, we treated the hepatoma cell line Hep G2 with sera from elite WP athletes and amateur (basket) players. As control, we used serum from both sedentary and obese subjects.

Methods
Help G2 cells were treated with 5% of human sera from the different subjects; after 24 h and 48 h, HepG2 cell viability was verified through MTT assay and activation status of AMPKα and ACC through western blotting. Cytokine’s serum levels were measured through ELISA assay.

Results
After 72 h, the treatment of HepG2 cells with sera from the different subjects produced no effect on cell viability. Furthermore, after 48 h of treatment, both AMPKα and ACC phosphorylation statistically increases in HepG2 cells treated with sera from WP athletes. Furthermore, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 levels resulted statistically increased in WP athlete’s sera than in sedentary subjects.

Conclusion
The specific activation of AMPKα and ACC by WP sera confirms that professional sport activity carried out by WP athletes can be considered as a physiological activator of these two proteins also in HepG2 liver cells. In addition, the increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines in WP sera confirms the ample evidence for multiple anti-inflammatory activities carried out by WP discipline.
Revisiting the dynamic interactions between economic growth and environmental pollution in Italy: evidence from a gradient descent algorithm
Authors: Mele Marco , Magazzino Cosimo , Schneider Nicolas , Nicolai Floriana 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAlthough the literature on the relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions is extensive, the use of machine learning (ML) tools remains seminal. In this paper, we assess this nexus for Italy using innovative algorithms, with yearly data for the 1960–2017 period. We develop three distinct models: the batch gradient descent (BGD), the stochastic gradient descent (SGD), and the multilayer perceptron (MLP). Despite the phase of low Italian economic growth, results reveal that CO2 emissions increased in the predicting model. Compared to the observed statistical data, the algorithm shows a correlation between low growth and higher CO2 increase, which contradicts the main strand of literature. Based on this outcome, adequate policy recommendations are provided.
Ensuring the Correctness of Regular Expressions: A Review
Authors: Zheng Li-Xiao , Ma Shuai , Chen Zu-Xi , Luo Xiang-Yu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRegular expressions are widely used within and even outside of computer science due to their expressiveness and flexibility. However, regular expressions have a quite compact and rather tolerant syntax that makes them hard to understand, hard to compose, and error-prone. Faulty regular expressions may cause failures of the applications that use them. Therefore, ensuring the correctness of regular expressions is a vital prerequisite for their use in practical applications. The importance and necessity of ensuring correct definitions of regular expressions have attracted extensive attention from researchers and practitioners, especially in recent years. In this study, we provide a review of the recent works for ensuring the correct usage of regular expressions. We classify those works into different categories, including the empirical study, test string generation, automatic synthesis and learning, static checking and verification, visual representation and explanation, and repairing. For each category, we review the main results, compare different approaches, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. We also discuss some potential future research directions.
Role of Direct Aging and Solution Treatment on Hardness, Microstructure and Residual Stress of the A357 (AlSi7Mg0.6) Alloy Produced by Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Tonelli Lavinia , Liverani Erica , Morri Alessandro , Ceschini Lorella 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Applying additive manufacturing (AM) technologies to the fabrication of aluminum automotive components, with an optimized design, may result in improved vehicle light weighting. However, the post-process heat treatment of such alloys has to be customized for the particular AM microstructure. The present study is aimed at investigating the effect of different heat treatments on the microstructure, hardness and residual stress of the A357 (AlSi7Mg0.6) heat-treatable alloy produced by laser-based powder bed fusion (LPBF, also known as selective laser melting). There are two major issues to be addressed: (1) relieving the internal residual stress resulting from the process and (2) strengthening the alloy with a customized heat treatment. Therefore, stress-relief annealing treatment, direct aging of the as-built alloy and a redesigned T6 treatment (consisting of a shortened high-temperature solution treatment followed by artificial aging) were examined. Comparable hardness values were reached in the LPBF alloy with optimized direct aging and T6 treatments, but complete relief of the residual stress was obtained only with T6. Microstructural analyses also suggested that, because of the supersaturated solid solution, different phenomena were involved in direct aging and T6 treatment.
Preparation of ZnO/Nylon 6/6 nanocomposites, their characterization and application in dye decolorization
Authors: Saeed Khalid , Khan Idrees , Ahad Madiha , Shah Tariq , Sadiq Muhammad , Zada Amir , Zada Noor 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNylon 6/6 and ZnO/nylon 6/6 nanocomposite films were prepared by solvent casting method. Morphological study displayed that ZnO NPs are better dispersed in nylon 6/6. However, some agglomerations were found by the incorporation of high quantities of fillers. The thermal stabilities of neat nylon 6/6 films decreased by addition of nanoparticles (NPs). DSC study shows that the NPs slow down the crystallization rate of neat polymer matrix. POM of Nylon 6/6 upon crystallization showed distinct sized spherulites, which decreased by the incorporation of NPs because of nucleation effect of NPs. The mechanical properties of neat polymer are decreased by addition of ZnO NPs, which might be due to agglomeration of fillers. The neat nylon 6/6 and ZnO/nylon 6/6 nanocomposite were used for the photodegradation of alizarin red (AR) dye, which shows that pure nylon 6/6 degraded about 28% dye while 30% ZnO/Nylon 6/6 degraded about 58.3% dye within 5 h irradiation.
Daytime sleepiness underlies the link between adverse parenting and youth psychopathology among adolescent girls
Authors: Sasser Jeri , Oshri Assaf , Duprey Erinn B. , Doane Leah D. , Peltz Jack S. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTIntroductionAdverse parenting is associated with sleep problems in adolescence, including sleep quality, inadequate sleep, and daytime sleepiness. Adolescents who experience sleep problems are at greater risk for developing internalizing and externalizing problems. However, research on the intervening role of sleep in the link between adverse parenting and youth psychopathology remains limited. The present study aimed to examine the indirect effects of adverse parenting on youth internalizing and externalizing psychopathology via sleep problems, and to examine the moderating role of gender in associations between parenting and sleep.MethodsParticipants were 101 low‐income youth aged 9–12 (52.5% female; 75.2% African‐American) and their primary caregivers. Families were from a non‐metropolitan region in the Southeastern United States. Data were collected at two time points (T1; Mage = 10.28, SD = 1.2; T2; Mage = 12.08, SD = 1.2). Adverse parenting was measured at T1, youth‐reported sleep problems (inadequacy, disturbance) and daytime sleepiness were assessed at T2, and parent‐reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms were measured at T2.ResultsDaytime sleepiness served as an intervening variable in associations between adverse parenting and internalizing and externalizing problems, but sleep problems did not. This indirect association was moderated by gender, such that the association between adverse parenting and daytime sleepiness only emerged as significant for girls.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that daytime‐related sleep behaviors may serve as a mechanism through which harsh or neglectful parenting is related to internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in adolescence, particularly for adolescent girls.
A Governmentality of Online Gambling: Quebec’s Contested Internet Gambling Website Blocking Provisions
Authors: French Martin , Tardif Dani , Kairouz Sylvia , Savard Annie-Claude 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article examines Canada’s first internet gambling website blocking scheme, which was enacted in Quebec as part of the implementation of the province’s 2015 budget. Using qualitative research methods, the article illustrates the complexities of regulating online gambling. Influenced by critical sociological and anthropological studies of gambling, and taking a socio-legal, governmentality perspective, it shows how socio-legal studies can illuminate research on the regulation of gambling, and how the study of online gambling can, as a sentinel site for the regulation of online consumption, contribute to the development of socio-legal studies. Our analysis shows that the governmentality of online gambling is framed so as to exclude 1) a range of risks (e.g., related to consumer profiling and the capacity to stimulate “addictive consumption”), 2) the heterogeneity of everyday experience that connects online gambling with online addictive consumption more generally, and 3) a range of possibilities for governing online gambling otherwise.
The process for individuating TRIZ Inventive Principles: deterministic, stochastic or domain-oriented?
Authors: Borgianni Yuri , Fiorineschi Lorenzo , Frillici Francesco Saverio , Rotini Federico 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Although TRIZ is widely acknowledged as a powerful aid to improve efficacy and efficiency of the creative design process, practitioners diffusedly experience difficulties in the selection of the most suitable tool. Such an issue represents a severe limitation in consideration of the large number of tools TRIZ offers. Here, Inventive Principles (IPs) are acknowledged as the most popular TRIZ technique, and their conjointly use with the Contradiction Matrix makes the selection of the appropriate IP a sufficiently supported task. However, the reliability of the Contradiction Matrix is often questioned and an agreement on a solid and reliable procedure for the selection of IPs is far from being reached. In such a context, the paper investigates the recurrence of IPs to solve contradictions, with reference to a classification framework that takes into consideration the nature of the problem to be solved and the technical-scientific domain it belongs to. The outcomes of the analysis reveal that leveraged IPs are considerably related with the technical-scientific domain and the nature of the problem to be solved. The found relationships are worth delving into and translating into selection guidelines.
Homology andK-theory of dynamical systems I. Torsion-free ample groupoids
Authors: PROIETTI VALERIO , YAMASHITA MAKOTO 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGiven an ample groupoid, we construct a spectral sequence with groupoid homology with integer coefficients on the second sheet, converging to theK-groups of the (reduced) groupoid C$^*$-algebra, provided the groupoid has torsion-free stabilizers and satisfies a strong form of the Baum–Connes conjecture. The construction is based on the triangulated category approach to the Baum–Connes conjecture developed by Meyer and Nest. We also present a few applications to topological dynamics and discuss the HK conjecture of Matui.
Influence of microbiological culture results on antibiotic choices for veterans with hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia
Authors: Bej Taissa A. , Christian Robbie L. , Sims Sharanie V. , Wilson Brigid M. , Song Sunah , Akpoji Ukwen C. , Bonomo Robert A. , Perez Federico , Jump Robin L. P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjective:We examined the impact of microbiological results from respiratory samples on choice of antibiotic therapy in patients treated for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) or ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).Design:Four-year retrospective study.Setting:Veterans’ Health Administration (VHA).Patients:VHA patients hospitalized with HAP or VAP and with respiratory cultures between October 1, 2014, and September 30, 2018.Interventions:We compared patients with positive and negative respiratory culture results, assessing changes in antibiotic class and Antibiotic Spectrum Index (ASI) from the day of sample collection (day 0) through day 7.Results:Between October 1, 2014, and September 30, 2018, we identified 5,086 patients with HAP/VAP: 2,952 with positive culture results and 2,134 with negative culture results. All-cause 30-day mortality was 21% for both groups. The mean time from respiratory sample receipt in the laboratory to final respiratory culture result was longer for those with positive (2.9 ± 1.3 days) compared to negative results (2.5 ± 1.3 days; P < .001). The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Vancomycin and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors were the most commonly prescribed agents. The decrease in the median ASI from 13 to 8 between days 0 and 6 was similar among patients with positive and negative respiratory cultures. Patients with negative cultures were more likely to be off antibiotics from day 3 onward.Conclusions:The results of respiratory cultures had only a small influence on antibiotics used during the treatment of HAP/VAP. The decrease in ASI for both groups suggests the integration of antibiotic stewardship principles, including de-escalation, into the care of patients with HAP/VAP.
In pursuit of the holy grail: Improving C. difficile testing appropriateness with iterative electronic health record clinical decision support and targeted test restriction
Authors: Karlovich Norah S. , Sata Suchita Shah , Griffith Brian , Coop Ashley , Kalu Ibukunoluwa C. , Engemann John J. , Seidelman Jessica , Turner Nicholas A. , Polage Christopher R. , Smith Becky A. , Lewis Sarah S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjective:To determine the impact of electronic health record (EHR)–based interventions and test restriction on Clostridioides difficile tests (CDTs) and hospital-onset C. difficile infection (HO-CDI).Design:Quasi-experimental study in 3 hospitals.Setting:957-bed academic (hospital A), 354-bed (hospital B), and 175-bed (hospital C) academic-affiliated community hospitals.Interventions:Three EHR-based interventions were sequentially implemented: (1) alert when ordering a CDT if laxatives administered within 24 hours (January 2018); (2) cancellation of CDT orders after 24 hours (October 2018); (3) contextual rule-driven order questions requiring justification when laxative administered or lack of EHR documentation of diarrhea (July 2019). In February 2019, hospital C implemented a gatekeeper intervention requiring approval for all CDTs after hospital day 3. The impact of the interventions on C. difficile testing and HO-CDI rates was estimated using an interrupted time-series analysis.Results:C. difficile testing was already declining in the preintervention period (annual change in incidence rate [IR], 0.79; 95% CI, 0.72–0.87) and did not decrease further with the EHR interventions. The laxative alert was temporally associated with a trend reduction in HO-CDI (annual change in IR from baseline, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75–0.96) at hospitals A and B. The gatekeeper intervention at hospital C was associated with level (IRR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.42-0.60) and trend reductions in C. difficile testing (annual change in IR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85–0.98) and level (IRR 0.42; 95% CI, 0.22–0.81) and trend reductions in HO-CDI (annual change in IR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.50–0.92) relative to the baseline period.Conclusions:Test restriction was more effective than EHR-based clinical decision support to reduce C. difficile testing in our 3-hospital system.
The burden of excessive saturated fatty acid intake attributed to ultra-processed food consumption: a study conducted with nationally representative cross-sectional studies from eight countries
Authors: Steele Eurídice Martínez , Batis Carolina , Cediel Gustavo , Louzada Maria Laura da Costa , Khandpur Neha , Machado Priscila , Moubarac Jean-Claude , Rauber Fernanda , Jedlicki Marcela Reyes , Levy Renata Bertazzi , Monteiro Carlos A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Cross-sectional nutritional survey data collected in eight countries were used to estimate saturated fatty acid intakes. Our objective was to estimate the proportion of excessive saturated fatty acid intakes (>10 % of total energy intake) that could be avoided if ultra-processed food consumption was reduced to levels observed in the first quintile of each country. Secondary analysis was performed of 24 h dietary recall or food diary/record data collected by the most recently available nationally representative cross-sectional surveys carried out in Brazil (2008–9), Chile (2010), Colombia (2005), Mexico (2012), Australia (2011–12), the UK (2008–16), Canada (2015) and the US (2015–16). Population attributable fractions estimated the impact of reducing ultra-processed food consumption on excessive saturated fatty acid intakes (above 10 % of total energy intake) in each country. Significant relative reductions in the percentage of excessive saturated fatty acid intakes would be observed in all countries if ultra-processed food consumption was reduced to levels observed in the first quintile's consumption. The reductions in excessive intakes ranged from 10⋅0 % (95 % CI 6⋅2–13⋅6 %) in Canada to 35⋅0 % (95 % CI 28⋅7–48⋅0 %) in Mexico. In all eight studied countries, all presenting more than 30 % of intakes with excessive saturated fatty acids, lowering the dietary contribution of ultra-processed foods to attainable, context-specific levels was shown to be a potentially effective way to reduce the percentage of intakes with excessive saturated fatty acids, which may play an important role in the prevention of non-communicable diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases.
Chaos and frequent hypercyclicity for composition operators
Authors: Darji Udayan B. , Pires Benito 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe notions of chaos and frequent hypercyclicity enjoy an intimate relationship in linear dynamics. Indeed, after a series of partial results, it was shown by Bayart and Ruzsa in 2015 that for backward weighted shifts on $\ell _p(\mathbb {Z})$, the notions of chaos and frequent hypercyclicity coincide. It is with some effort that one shows that these two notions are distinct. Bayart and Grivaux in 2007 constructed a non-chaotic frequently hypercyclic weighted shift on $c_0$. It was only in 2017 that Menet settled negatively whether every chaotic operator is frequently hypercylic. In this article, we show that for a large class of composition operators on $L^{p}$-spaces, the notions of chaos and frequent hypercyclicity coincide. Moreover, in this particular class, an invertible operator is frequently hypercyclic if and only if its inverse is frequently hypercyclic. This is in contrast to a very recent result of Menet where an invertible operator frequently hypercyclic on $\ell _1$ whose inverse is not frequently hypercyclic is constructed.
A lead through approach for programming a welding arm robot using machine vision
Authors: Ali Mohamed Hosni Mohamed , Atia Mostafa Rostom 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWelding is a complex manufacturing process. Its quality depends on the welder skills, especially in welding complex paths. For consistency in modern industries, the arm robot is used to accomplish this task. However, its programming and reprogramming are time consuming and costly and need an expert programmer. These limit the use of robots in medium and small industries. This paper introduces a new supervised learning technique for programming a 4-degree of freedom (DOF) welding arm robot with an automatic feeding electrode. This technique is based on grasping the welding path control points and motion behavior of an expert welder. This is achieved by letting the welder move the robot end effector, which represents the welding torch, through the welding path. At the path control points, the position and speed are recorded using a vision system. Later, these data are retrieved by the robot to replicate the welding path. Several 2D paths are tested to assess the proposed approach accuracy and programming time and easiness in comparison with the common one. The results prove that the proposed approach includes fewer steps and consumes less programming time. Moreover, programming can be accomplished by the welder and no need for an expert programmer. These enhancements will improve the share of robots in welding and similar industries.
Assist system for remote manipulation of electric drills by the robot “WAREC-1R” using deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Sun Xiao , Naito Hiroshi , Namiki Akio , Liu Yang , Matsuzawa Takashi , Takanishi Atsuo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOperation of tools has long been studied in robotics. Although appropriate hold of the tool by robots is the base of successful tool operation, it is not with ease especially for tools with complicated shape. In this paper, an assist system for a four-limbed robot is proposed for remote operation of reaching and grasping electric drills using deep reinforcement learning. Through comparative evaluation experiments, the increase of success rate for reaching and grasping is verified and the decrease in both physical and mental workload of the operator is also validated by the index of NASA-TLX.
The “Indo-Pacific”: Intellectual Origins and International Visions in Global Contexts
Authors: Li Hansong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAs the “Indo-Pacific” concept gains currency in public discourses on foreign policy, it remains poorly understood as an idea, due to inadequate surveys of its intellectual origins and international visions in global contexts. This article studies Karl Haushofer's theory of the “Indo-Pacific” as an organic and integral space primed for political consciousness. Haushofer not only laid the oceanographic foundation of the “Indo-Pacific” with novel evidence in marine sciences, ethnography, and philology, but also legitimated it as a social and political space. Mindful of Germany's geopolitical predicament in the interwar period and informed by sources in indology and sinology, Haushofer envisaged the political resurrection of South, East, and Southeast Asia against colonial domination, and conceived the “Indo-Pacific” vision for remaking the international order.