bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimum Number of Oocytes Retrieved Among Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Treated Using The Follicular Phase Long-Acting Long Protocol: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yu Ting , Wu Di , Zhai Jun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The optimum number of oocytes retrieved by the follicular phase long-acting long protocol is still unknown. This study aimed to analyze the optimum oocyte number in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing this protocol.Methods: A total of 1816 PCOS patients aged <35 years who were undergoing their first cycle of in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) between January 2017 and June 2019 were identified and reviewed. All patients underwent stimulation using a follicular phase long-acting long protocol. In this retrospective cohort study, patients were categorized into seven groups according to the number of oocytes retrieved (group A, 1–5; group B, 6–10; group C, 11–15; group D, 16–20; group E, 21–25; group F, 26–30; group G, >30). The main outcome indicators were the rates of high-quality embryo, fresh cycle pregnancy, cumulative pregnancy, and “freezing all” for high ovarian response. The cumulative pregnancy and “freezing all” rates for high ovarian response were analyzed using multivariate logistic analysis.Results: The high-quality embryo rate decreased with the increase in the number of oocytes retrieved (P<0.001). In the <20 oocyte group, the clinical and cumulative pregnancy rates increased with the number of oocytes retrieved, and the “freezing all” rate for high response was within 30%. In the >20 oocyte group, with an increase in the number of oocytes retrieved, no significant change was found in the clinical and cumulative pregnancy rates (P>0.05); however, the incidence of “freezing all” rate for high response was significantly increased (P<0.001). After correcting for confounding factors, the number of oocytes retrieved was an independent predictor of the “freezing all” rate for high ovarian response (odds ratio [OR], 1.085; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.057–1.113) and cumulative pregnancy rate (OR 1.091, 95% CI 1.057–1.126). The high-quality embryo rate was significantly affected by the cumulative pregnancy rate (OR, 59.076; 95% CI: 29.591–117.938).Conclusion: In PCOS patients aged <35 years treated using the follicular phase long-acting long protocol, considering clinical outcomes, laboratory indicators, and safety, appropriate ovarian stimulation should be used to control the number of oocytes retrieved at 11–20.
Effect of Carbonized Herba schizonepetae on the Bioavailability of Eight Active
Components from Pulsatillae Decoction in its Particular Adsorption and Release
Performance
Authors: Liu Cuiyan , Zhu Yun , He Yanfei , Fan Guangtai , Gu Jingang , Han Chunyang 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Carbonized herbal medicine has been used clinically for centuries in China; however, its
influence on the bioavailability of compatible medicinal herbs is still unknown.

Objective:
To explore the effect of a carbonized herbal medicine on the in vivo adsorption and release and absorption
of other active pharmaceutical ingredients in a compound prescription.

Methods:
The bioavailability of carbonized Herba schizonepetae (CHS) to eight active components (epiberberine,
coptisine, palmatine, berberine, phellodendrine, aesculin, aesculetin, and anemoside B4) in the aqueous extract of
Pulsatillae Decoction (PDAE) was evaluated by the in vitro adsorption and release and in vivo pharmacokinetics
tests. Activated carbon (AC) was used as the control.

Results:
In vitro experiment showed that the cumulative adsorption rates of CHS to the eight active components were
33.17%, 54.32%, 21.48%, 42.01%, 39.1%, 25.11%, 32.11%, and 23.08% which was characterized by copsitine >
berberine > phellodendrine > epiperberine > aesculetin > anemoside B4 > palmatine., and they were significantly
lower than those of AC. The stable release concentration in sequence was 3.23, 3.04, 3.32, 7.29, 3.17, 2.80, 1.45, and
3.81 μg/mL, which was characterized by berberine > anemoside B4 > palmatine > epiberberine > phellodendrine >
coptisine > aesculin > aesculetin, and they were significantly higher than those of AC. The animal experiment indicated
that the areas under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-∞) of epiberberine, berberine, aesculetin, and anemoside
B4 in PDAE+CHS group were significantly higher than those in the PDAE and PDAE+AC groups, and the
other four components in the PDAE+CHS group were lower than those in PDAE group but higher than those in
PDAE+AC group.

Conclusion:
CHS could significantly improve the bioavailability of epiberberine, berberine, aesculetin, and anemoside
B4 in Pulsatillae Decoction and has a sustained-release effect on berberine, aesculin, aesculetin, and anemoside
B4.
A Critical Observation on the Design and Development of Reported
Peptide Inhibitors of DENV NS2B-NS3 Protease in the Last Two Decades
Authors: Murtuja Sheikh , Shilkar Deepak , Sarkar Biswatrish , Sinha Barij Nayan , Jayaprakash Venkatesan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Dengue is one of the neglected tropical diseases, which remains a reason for concern as
cases seem to rise every year. The failure of the only dengue vaccine, Dengvaxia®
, has made the problem
more severe and humanity has no immediate respite from this global burden. Dengue virus
(DENV) NS2B-NS3 protease is an attractive target partly due to its role in polyprotein processing.
Also, since it is among the most conserved domains in the viral genome, it could produce a broad
scope of opportunities toward antiviral drug discovery in general. This review has made a detailed
analysis of each case of the design and development of peptide inhibitors against DENV NS2B-NS3
protease in the last two decades. Also, we have discussed the reasons attributed to their inhibitory activity,
and wherever possible, we have highlighted the concerns raised, challenges met, and suggestions
to improve the inhibitory activity. Thus, we attempt to take the readers through the designing
and development of reported peptide inhibitors and gain insight from these developments, which
could further contribute toward strategizing the designing and development of peptide inhibitors of
DENV protease with improved properties in the coming future.
Modulation of Long Non-coding RNAs by Different Classes of Secondary
Metabolites from Plants: A Mini-review on Antitumor Effects
Authors: Almeida Tamires Cunha , Seibert Janaína Brandão , Amparo Tatiane Roquete , de Souza Gustavo Henrique Bianco , da Silva Glenda Nicioli , dos Santos Orlando David Henrique 
Published: November 2021

:
The broad pharmacological spectrum of plants is related to their secondary metabolism, which is responsible for the synthesis of different compounds that have multiple effects on cellular physiology. Among the biological effects presented by phytochemicals, their use for the prevention and treatment of cancer can be highlighted. This occurs due to several mechanisms of antitumor action demonstrated by these compounds, including regulation of the cell signaling pathways and inhibition of tumor growth. In this way, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) appear to be promising targets for the treatment of cancer. Their deregulation has already been related to a variety of clinical-pathological parameters. However, the effects of secondary metabolites on lncRNAs are still restricted. For this reason, the present review aimed to gather data on phytochemicals with action on lncRNAs in order to confirm their possible antitumor potential. According to the literature, terpenoid and flavonoid are the main examples of secondary metabolites involved with lncRNAs activity. In addition, the lncRNAs H19, CASC2, HOTAIR, NKILA, CCAT1, MALAT1, AFAP1-AS1, MEG3, and CDKN2B-AS1 can be highlighted as important targets in the search for new anti-tumor agents since they act as modulating pathways related to cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, cell migration and invasion. Finally, challenges for the use of natural products as a commercial drug were also discussed. The low yield, selectivity index and undesirable pharmacokinetic parameters were emphasized as a difficulty for obtaining these compounds on a large scale and for improving the potency of its biological effect. However, the synthesis and/or development of formulations were suggested as a possible approach to solve these problems. All of these data together confirm the potential of secondary metabolites as a source of new anti-tumor agents acting on lncRNAs.
Astrocyte Reactivity in Alzheimer’s Disease: Therapeutic Opportunities to Promote Repair
Authors: Mirzaei Nazanin , Davis Nicola , Chau Tsz Wing , Sastre Magdalena 
Published: November 2021

:Astrocytes are fast climbing the ladder of importance in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), with the prominent presence of reactive astrocytes sur- rounding amyloid β- plaques, together with activated microglia. Reactive astrogliosis, implying morphological and molecular transformations in astrocytes, seems to precede neurodegeneration, suggesting a role in the development of the disease. Single-cell transcriptomics has recently demon- strated that astrocytes from AD brains are different from “normal” healthy astrocytes, showing dys- regulations in areas such as neurotransmitter recycling, including glutamate and GABA, and im- paired homeostatic functions. However, recent data suggest that the ablation of astrocytes in mouse models of amyloidosis results in an increase in amyloid pathology as well as in the inflammatory profile and reduced synaptic density, indicating that astrocytes mediate neuroprotective effects. The idea that interventions targeting astrocytes may have great potential for AD has therefore emerged, supported by a range of drugs and stem cell transplantation studies that have successfully shown a therapeutic effect in mouse models of AD. In this article, we review the latest reports on the role and profile of astrocytes in AD brains and how manipulation of astrocytes in animal mod- els has paved the way for the use of treatments enhancing astrocytic function as future therapeutic avenues for AD.
Of extreme monsters and extraordinary mutations
Authors: Patra Indrajit 
Published: November 2021

The present article seeks to analyse Neal Asher’s novel Jack Four (2021) to show how elements of posthuman monstrosity and extreme biological horror can combine to produce a unique kind of transgressive and transformative effect that radically alters the very definition of human and blurs the boundaries between human and non-human. As part of its theoretical framework, the article seeks to employ Braidotti’s idea of ‘epistemophilic’, Braidotti’s ‘Zoe’-centred view of the posthuman dimension of post-anthropocentrism, and Betterton’s (2006) idea of the boundary-problematizing potential of the monstrous ‘Other’ among many others. The article strives to show how Asher’s portrayal of extreme forms of posthuman monsters not only harnesses the near-inexhaustible transgressive power of the essentially indefinable monstrous figure but also by combining with the gruesome portrayal of endless body horror, it seems to project the human body as a site of endless becomings, connectivities and proliferations.
"friend-foe" opposition in Ukrainian linguoculture
Authors: Semashko Tеtіana , Kravets Larysa , Bondarenko Alla 
Published: November 2021

The friend – foe dichotomy, as a special way of categorising reality, is at the heart of ethnic self-consciousness, building the world around a person. The interpretation "friend" and "foe" is invariably axiological. "Friend" refers to a personal possessor, a socio-cultural group that is identified based on various types of similarity, where "correct", "native", "close", "safe" is perceived as positive. The conceptual model "foe" is the opposition: everything "other", "strange", "unusual", "wrong" is perceived negative. The axiologiness of this opposition is relative and depends on the ethical attitudes of an ethnic group based on the conceptualisation of the friend – foe dichotomy from the standpoint of the binary opposition I – Other; the factors, mechanisms, and results of interaction between the components of the opposition are clarified; the content transformations of the friend – foe dichotomy are traced; the identification function of the latter is updated in the context of modernity. For Ukraine, where the identity development has happened to be incredibly complicated by the incongruity of value, foreign, and political orientations, the issue of borderline, "border strategies", the presence of the "friend" / "foe" dichotomy in the socio-cultural space is extremely relevant.
Karakteristik berbagai jenis tepung ubi jalar termodifikasi dengan metode autoclaving retrogradation
Authors: Putri Sefanadia , Muliani Usdeka 
Published: November 2021

Sweet potato has great potency to be developed as an alternative carbohydrate source in the form of modified sweet potato flour. Autoclaving retrogradation is a physical modification method to improve the physicochemical characteristics of flour. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the autoclaving retrogradation method on the characteristics of various sweet potato flour: dietary fiber, resistant starch, starch digestibility, nutritional content, and antioxidant, and to determine the best modified sweet potato flour. The experimental design used a non-factorial completely randomized block design with four replications. The treatment consisted of 6 types of sweet potato, namely control (purple sweet potato without treatment), orange sweet potato, purple sweet potato, honey-sweet potato, red sweet potato, and purple white sweet potato). The results showed that there were significant differences in dietary fiber, levels of resistant starch, digestibility of starch, nutritional content, and antioxidant activity amongst various types of modified sweet potato flour. The best modified sweet potato flour was found in modified red sweet potato flour which contained 44.64% dietary fiber, 19.75% resistant starch, 13.50% starch digestibility, 66.32% antioxidant activity, with comparable nutritional content.
Editorial
Authors: Crothers Charles 
Published: November 2021

The people of Aotearoa/New Zealand are engaged with, and variously in support of a range of government, voluntary sector and private enterprise formal and informal programmes designed to in various ways alleviate their concerns and difficulties or enhance their social wellbeing. These are embedded in a broader ‘policy space’ in which ideas, research efforts and appropriate social facts monitor existing programmes and agitate over their fate and the possibilities of new ones. This journal aims to tap into such debates and to promote research to finesse policy ideas.
A new straton in the Late Devonian sedimentation in the Tsil’ma river basin of the Middle Timan
Authors: Tel’nova O. P. , Shumilov I. Kh. 
Published: November 2021

Research subject. Terrigenous rocks of the Sargaevo stage of sedimentation in various structural-facies settings within the Tsilma area (Middle Timan). Material and methods. The composition, structural features of rocks, and the species diversity of spores of higher plants were studied in the most complete natural outcrops proposed as a stratotype of the Paladinskaya Formation – a new straton of the Sargaevo age in the Middle Timan. Over a large area of the region, the deposits contain very few remains of fossil fauna, often indiﬀerent. As a result, palynostratigraphy was selected as the main biostratigraphic method. Results. In the Middle Timan, a new straton, the Paladinskaya Formation, is described, which characterizes the Sargaevo stage of sedimentation in various structural-facies settings within the Tsil’ma area. The new straton has clear lithological and detailed palynological characteristics; a description of the limitotypes was performed.At present, the Paladinskaya Formation is the most complete sequence of Early Frasnian sedimentation in the European North-East of Russia, where it was possible to record regional responses to the global Frasnes event and to determine the position of the controversial level of the boundary between the Middle and Upper Devonian. Conclusions. The name “Ust’e Yarega” Formation in the Middle Timan cannot be considered valid, since it is a homonym of the sediments of the same age in the South Timan. The section is represented mainly by continental, rather than marine, deposits. A new name for the identifed formation is proposed – “Paladinskaya” with a description of the stratum section and limitotype.The Paladinskaya Formation is characterized by subcomplexes of spores (А and Б) of the regional miospore zone Cristatisporites pseudodeliquescens, which made it possible to correlate the marine and continental deposits of the Early Frasnian on the territory of the entire Timan-Pechora region and establish its exact position in the stratigraphic scheme of the Devonian.
Abordagem dos profissionais de saúde frente à transexualidade no sistema único de saúde
Authors: Ramos André Luís Belmiro Moreira , Azevedo Nathália de Oliveira , Oliveira Márcya Cândida Cassimiro de , Mendonça Gilberto José Montaño Góes de , Pecorelli Domennica Gomes , Tissiani Amanda Apolori , Alves Ianara Fabiana Ramalho Dias , Deininger Layza de Sousa Chaves 
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Analisar os estudos científicos nacionais acerca da abordagem dos profissionais de saúde frente à transexualidade. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa dos últimos cinco anos, realizado de março a maio de 2021 com o intuito de analisar estudos relacionados com o objetivo do artigo, sistematizando-os para investigação aprofundada do tema. Utilizou-se para isso a combinação dos descritores e os booleanos AND e OR. Resultados: Foram incluídos 21 artigos, publicados entre 2017 e 2021, que retrataram temas como a transfobia nos espaços em saúde, patologização das vivências transexuais, ausência de políticas efetivas na atenção primária voltada para o público transexual, falta de recursos nas redes de saúde destinados às necessidades do público transexual, necessidade de formação dos trabalhadores da saúde no contexto das vivências transexuais, importância do cuidado, acolhimento, atendimento especializado e cuidado multiprofissional à população transexual e necessidade de inclusão de conteúdos e estratégias pedagógicas acerca das políticas públicas destinadas ao público LGBTQIA+ nas escolas médicas ou nos próprios serviços de saúde. Considerações finais: abordagem dos profissionais de saúde frente à transexualidade carece de aprimoramento em relação à forma como este público deve ser acolhido, minimizando os preconceitos perpetrados pela sociedade.
Reasons for under-reporting of paraquat poisoning in India
Authors: DAMBAL ARCHANA , NAIK SHIVDAS , HEMAMALINI G. , SIDDAGANGA S. , KASHINKUNTI MOHAN D. 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundParaquat is an inexpensive herbicide used in agriculture because it is easily available and the cost of labour for manual clearance of weeds is prohibitive. Paraquat is toxic to human beings and is also used for committing suicide. We studied the reasons for under-reporting of paraquat poisoning including those related to the training of doctors.MethodsIn this mixed-methods study, we describe a series of patients with paraquat poisoning. We recorded their demographic data, clinical features, treatment and outcome with an intention to explore the reason for an initial misdiagnosis. We also explored whether deficiencies in curricula contributed to the misdiagnosis.ResultsThe patients of paraquat poisoning (n=28) were mostly young illiterate men driven by impulsive behaviour rather than chronic depression. Paraquat was consumed by patients from non-agricultural background as well, implying easy access to the poison. Many patients could not name the agent and so initial treatment was directed at organophosphorus poisoning. The diagnostic signs included paraquat tongue, renal failure and jaundice. Most of the casualty medical officers and residents were unfamiliar with the symptoms and signs of paraquat poisoning as was evident by their answers to the questionnaire. Knowledge of medical students about paraquat poisoning was not assessed in the theory examinations and viva.ConclusionFactors contributing to the limitation in establishing the diagnosis are illiteracy and ignorance of the patients, lack of specific signs and lack of training of medical officers in treating patients with paraquat poisoning.
Hippocampal resting-state functional connectivity with the mPFC and DLPFC moderates and mediates the association between education level and memory function in subjective cognitive decline
Authors: Xu Shurui , Sun Qianqian , Li Ming , Luo Jia , Cai Guiyan , Chen Ruilin , Zhang Lin , Liu Jiao 
Published: November 2021

Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between education level, memory function, and hippocampus functional and structural alterations in subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Methods: Seventy-five participants with SCD were divided into high education (HE) and low education (LE) level groups. A Wechsler Memory Scale–Chinese Revision test and functional and structural MRI were performed within 1 week after participant recruitment. The bilateral hippocampus resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC), gray matter volume (GMV) of brain regions identified by rsFC analysis, and moderating and mediating effects were assessed. Results: Compared with the LE group, HE individuals showed 1) higher memory quotient (MQ) and Digit Span subscore, 2) decreased hippocampal rsFC with the right medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and 3) increased GMV in the right mPFC and DLPFC. The bilateral hippocampus–right DLPFC rsFC significantly associated with the MQ and the bilateral hippocampus–right mPFCrsFC with the Digit Span subscore in each group. The bilateral hippocampus–right DLPFC rsFC moderated the relationship between the education level and MQ. The bilateral hippocampus–right mPFC rsFC mediated the relationship between the education level and Digit Span subscore in all subjects. Conclusion: The hippocampal rsFC with the right mPFC and DLPFC contributes to the education level effect on memory function in SCD.
UPAYA PENURUNAN BAHAN ORGANIK AIR SISA BUDIDAYA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) DENGAN KONSORSIUM BAKTERI DAN KEPADATAN Chlorella sp.YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Pratiwi Rizky kusma , Arfiati Diana 
Published: November 2021

Pengolahan limbah cair sisa budidaya udang di tambak perlu dilakukan sebelum air limbah tersebut masuk ke perairan umum. Dalam proses penurunan bahan organik selalu diperoleh kadar CO2 yang tinggi bahkan melebihi ambang batas untuk perairan umum. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini yaitu untuk mendapatkan kadar bahan organik terendah dan mengetahui kepadatan terbaik dari mikroalga (Chlorella sp.) yang dapat menurunkan kadar CO2 sampai tingkat terendah dengan waktu tercepat. Metode penelitian adalah RAL dengan 6 perlakuan , 2 kontrol dan 3 ulangan. Masing-masing bak perlakuan diisi 4 liter air (sisa Budidaya Udang Vaname selama 118 hari) dan di tambahkan konsorsium bakteri 3 gram/L lalu ditambahkan mikroalga dengan kepadatan 104 sel/ml, 105 sel/ml dan 106 sel/ml. Pengamatan fisika kimia air dan mikroalga dilakukan setiap 6 jam selama 72 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua perlakuan mengalami penurunan bahan organik yang nilainya hampir sama dengan kontrol. Kadar karbondioksida mengalami penurunan dari kadar 11,88 mg/ L menjadi 0 mg/L setelah 72 jam. Kadar bahan organik mengalami penurunan dari 39.2 mg/l menjadi 0.2 mg/l setelah 54 jam. Selama penelitian suhu berkisar antara 23 - 26°C, pH 7 - 9, oksigen terlarut 6,0 – 9,3 mg/l, salinitas 10 – 13 mg/l. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan organik dapat menurun sampai dengan 99,7 % setelah 54 jam dan CO2 dapat menurun sampai 100 % setelah 72 jam. Apabila diperlukan penambahan mikroalga untuk membantu menurunkan kadar CO2, maka disarankan menggunakan kepadatan mikroalga 106 sel/ml atau 55.5 ml/L agar tidak terjadi blooming mikroalga di perairan umum.