bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of aerobic exercise training on asthma control in postmenopausal women (the ATOM-study): protocol for an outcome assessor, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Hansen Erik Sören Halvard , Hostrup Morten , Rasmusen Hanne Kruuse , Hellsten Ylva , Backer Vibeke 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionLate-onset asthma in postmenopausal women is characterised by poor disease control with daily symptoms and reduced quality of life despite treatment with inhaled antiasthma therapies. These patients represent a phenotype that is characterised by low eosinophilic airway inflammation, severe symptoms, moderate obesity and poor response to inhaled antiasthma therapies, which highlights the need of identification of alternative treatment strategies. Thus, this study aims to evaluate if regular high-intensity aerobic exercise improves symptom control in postmenopausal women with asthma.Methods and analysisThis is an ongoing randomised controlled trial planning to enrol 40 postmenopausal women with late-onset asthma. Participants are randomised 1:1 either to supervised exercise training (spinning) three times per week for 12 weeks or to usual care. The primary outcome is change from baseline to follow-up in the Asthma Control Questionnaire. Secondary outcomes are changes in markers of systemic inflammation, airway inflammation, body composition and right ventricular function of the heart.Ethics and disseminationThe study is approved by the Ethics Committee in the Capital Region of Denmark nr. H-18028966 and the Danish Data Protection Agency nr. VD-2019–59. The methods used in the study are well known and have a low risk with a chance of substantial improvement in disease control in this patient group. Results are planned to be published in an international peer-reviewed medical journal regardless of outcome.Trial registration numberNCT03747211.
Is greater patient involvement associated with higher satisfaction? Experimental evidence from a vignette survey
Authors: Birkeland Søren , Bismark Marie , Barry Michael John , Möller Sören 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundPatient-centredness is an essential quality parameter of modern healthcare. Accordingly, involving patients in decisions about care is required by international laws and an increasing number of medical codes and standards. These directives are based on ethical principles of autonomy. Still, there is limited empirical knowledge about the influence of patient involvement on satisfaction with care.ObjectiveIn a large national vignette survey, we aimed to empirically test healthcare users’ satisfaction with healthcare given different degrees of patient involvement, choices made and outcomes.MethodsA web-based cross-sectional survey distributed to a randomised sample of men in Denmark aged 45–70 years. Case vignettes used prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for early detection of prostate cancer as a clinical model. Using a 5-point Likert scale, we measured respondents’ satisfaction with care in scenarios which differed in the amount of patient involvement (ranging from no involvement, through involvement with neutral or nudged information, to shared decision-making), the decision made (PSA test or no PSA test) and clinical outcomes (no cancer detected, detection of treatable cancer and detection of non-treatable cancer).ResultsParticipating healthcare users tended to be more satisfied with healthcare in scenarios illustrating greater levels of patient involvement. Participants were positive towards nudging in favour of the intervention but patient involvement through shared decision-making obtained the highest satisfaction ratings (Likert rating 3.81 without any involvement vs 4.07 for shared decision-making, p<0.001). Greater involvement also had an ameliorating effect on satisfaction if a non-treatable cancer was later diagnosed.ConclusionOur study provides empirical support for the hypothesis that greater patient involvement in healthcare decision-making improves satisfaction with care irrespective of decisions made and clinical outcomes. Overall satisfaction with the care illustrated was highest when decisions were reached through shared decision-making.
Mapping palliative care provision in European prisons: an EAPC Task Force Survey
Authors: Turner Mary , Chassagne Aline , Capelas Manuel Luis , Chambaere Kenneth , Panozzo Stacey , Teves Carla Marinho , Riegler Edith 
Published: April 2021

ObjectivesPrison populations around the world are ageing and numbers are rising, leading to greater demand for palliative care for prisoners approaching the end of life. This paper reports a survey that was undertaken by the European Association for Palliative Care Task Force on mapping palliative care provision for prisoners in Europe. The Task Force was established to begin to address the gap in research knowledge by exploring prison systems and care provision across different countries.MethodsThe survey, developed by the Task Force Steering Committee, consisted of 40 questions in six sections. It was completed through online searches; only data that were publicly available on the internet were included. Numerical data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and thematic comparisons were made of free-text data.FindingsThe survey was completed for eight countries: Australia, Belgium, Czech Republic, England and Wales, France, Portugal, Scotland and Slovakia. Three main findings are reported here: healthcare and palliative care provision in prisons, deaths in custody and compassionate release. Despite increasing numbers of older prisoners, relatively few prisons provide inpatient care, and only one country has any prisons that provide dedicated palliative care services. Early release on compassionate grounds is extremely rare in most countries.ConclusionFor the principle of equivalence to be adhered to, facilities for sick and dying prisoners need to be improved, or many more people need to be released on compassionate grounds at the end of life. This mapping study has identified key issues in relation to palliative care in prison and provides the basis for further international research.
Towards the Sato–Tate groups of trinomial hyperelliptic curves
Authors: Emory Melissa , Goodson Heidi , Peyrot Alexandre 
Published: April 2021

We consider the identity component of the Sato–Tate group of the Jacobian of curves of the form [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is the genus of the curve and [Formula: see text] is constant. We approach this problem in three ways. First we use a theorem of Kani-Rosen to determine the splitting of Jacobians for [Formula: see text] curves of genus 4 and 5 and prove what the identity component of the Sato–Tate group is in each case. We then determine the splitting of Jacobians of higher genus [Formula: see text] curves by finding maps to lower genus curves and then computing pullbacks of differential 1-forms. In using this method, we are able to relate the Jacobians of curves of the form [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Finally, we develop a new method for computing the identity component of the Sato–Tate groups of the Jacobians of the three families of curves. We use this method to compute many explicit examples, and find surprising patterns in the shapes of the identity components [Formula: see text] for these families of curves.
PBRM1 Deficiency Confers Synthetic Lethality to DNA Repair Inhibitors in Cancer
Authors: Chabanon Roman M. , Morel Daphné , Eychenne Thomas , Colmet-Daage Léo , Bajrami Ilirjana , Dorvault Nicolas , Garrido Marlène , Meisenberg Cornelia , Lamb Andrew , Ngo Carine , Hopkins Suzanna R. , Roumeliotis Theodoros I. , Jouny Samuel , Hénon Clémence , Kawai-Kawachi Asuka , Astier Clémence , Konde Asha , Del Nery Elaine , Massard Christophe , Pettitt Stephen J. , Margueron Raphaël , Choudhary Jyoti S. , Almouzni Geneviève , Soria Jean-Charles , Deutsch Eric , Downs Jessica A. , Lord Christopher J. , Postel-Vinay Sophie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Inactivation of Polybromo 1 (PBRM1), a specific subunit of the PBAF chromatin remodeling complex, occurs frequently in cancer, including 40% of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC). To identify novel therapeutic approaches to targeting PBRM1-defective cancers, we used a series of orthogonal functional genomic screens that identified PARP and ATR inhibitors as being synthetic lethal with PBRM1 deficiency. The PBRM1/PARP inhibitor synthetic lethality was recapitulated using several clinical PARP inhibitors in a series of in vitro model systems and in vivo in a xenograft model of ccRCC. In the absence of exogenous DNA damage, PBRM1-defective cells exhibited elevated levels of replication stress, micronuclei, and R-loops. PARP inhibitor exposure exacerbated these phenotypes. Quantitative mass spectrometry revealed that multiple R-loop processing factors were downregulated in PBRM1-defective tumor cells. Exogenous expression of the R-loop resolution enzyme RNase H1 reversed the sensitivity of PBRM1-deficient cells to PARP inhibitors, suggesting that excessive levels of R-loops could be a cause of this synthetic lethality. PARP and ATR inhibitors also induced cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS/STING) innate immune signaling in PBRM1-defective tumor cells. Overall, these findings provide the preclinical basis for using PARP inhibitors in PBRM1-defective cancers.

Significance:
This study demonstrates that PARP and ATR inhibitors are synthetic lethal with the loss of PBRM1, a PBAF-specific subunit, thus providing the rationale for assessing these inhibitors in patients with PBRM1-defective cancer.
NAD
+
Repletion Reverses Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Tong Dan , Schiattarella Gabriele G. , Jiang Nan , Altamirano Francisco , Szweda Pamela A. , Elnwasany Abdallah , Lee Dong I. , Yoo Heesoo , Kass David A. , Szweda Luke I. , Lavandero Sergio , Verdin Eric , Gillette Thomas G. , Hill Joseph A. 
Published: April 2021

Rationale:
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a mortal clinical syndrome without effective therapies. We recently demonstrated in mice that a combination of metabolic and hypertensive stress recapitulates key features of human HFpEF.

Objective:
Using this novel preclinical HFpEF model, we set out to define and manipulate metabolic dysregulations occurring in HFpEF myocardium.

Methods and Results:

We observed impairment in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation associated with hyperacetylation of key enzymes in the pathway. Downregulation of sirtuin 3 and deficiency of NAD
+
secondary to an impaired NAD
+
salvage pathway contribute to this mitochondrial protein hyperacetylation. Impaired expression of genes involved in NAD
+
biosynthesis was confirmed in cardiac tissue from patients with HFpEF. Supplementing HFpEF mice with nicotinamide riboside or a direct activator of NAD
+
biosynthesis led to improvement in mitochondrial function and amelioration of the HFpEF phenotype.

Conclusions:

Collectively, these studies demonstrate that HFpEF is associated with myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction and unveil NAD
+
repletion as a promising therapeutic approach in the syndrome.
Lifelong Classification in Open World With Limited Storage Requirements
Authors: Bi Wang , Yang Chen , XueLian Li , JunFu Chen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis letter focuses on the problem of lifelong classification in the open world, the goal of which is to achieve an endless process of learning. However, incremental data sets (like the streaming data) in the open world, where the new classes may be emerging, are unsuited for classical classification methods. For addressing this problem, existing methods usually retrain the whole observed data sets with the complex computation and the expensive storage cost. This letter attempts to improve the performance of classification in the open world and decomposes the problem into three subproblems: (1) to reject unknown instances, (2) to classify accepted instances, and (3) to cut the cost of learning. Rejecting unknown instances refers to recognize those instances whose classes are unknown according to the learner, which could reduce the computation of the retraining process and eliminate the storage of historical data sets. We employ outlier detection for rejecting instances and a variant artificial neural network for classifying with fewer weights. Results on several experiments show that the work is effective. Source code can be found at https://github.com/wangbi1988/Lifelong-learning-in-Open-World-Classification.
Herding and Contrarianism: A Matter of Preference?
Authors: Kendall Chad 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Herding and contrarian strategies produce informational inefficiencies when investors ignore private information, instead following or bucking past trends. In a simple market model, I show theoretically that investors with prospect theory preferences generically follow herding or contrarian strategies, but do so because of future returns as opposed to past trends. I conduct a laboratory experiment to test the theory and obtain an estimate of the distribution of preferences in the subject population. I find that approximately 70% of subjects have preferences that induce herding. Using the preference estimates, I quantify informational efficiencies and predict trade behavior in more general environments.
Exchange Rate Shocks and Quality Adjustments
Authors: Goetz Daniel , Rodnyansky Alexander 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Do firms respond to cost shocks by reducing the quality of their products? Using microdata from a large Russian retailer that refreshes its product line twice-yearly, we document that higher quality products are more profitable than lower quality ones, but that the number of high-quality products experiences a relative decrease after a large ruble devaluation in 2014. We show that rising firm costs—and not shrinking consumer incomes—explains the reallocation, and rationalize the data with a model that features consumer expenditure switching between high and low qualities. The reallocation to lower quality products reduces average pass-through by 26%.
Secular Economic Changes and Bond Yields
Authors: Feunou Bruno , Fontaine Jean-Sébastien 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe build a model of bond yields in an economy with secular changes to inflation, real rate, and output growth. Long-run restrictions identify nominal shocks that do not influence the long-run real rate and output growth. Before the anchoring of inflation around the mid-1990s, nominal shocks lifted the output gap and inflation. This led to a higher and steeper yield curve because the short rate was expected to peak after several quarters, following declines in the responses of growth and inflation. With inflation anchored, nominal shocks have small impacts on inflation, output, and bond yields, mostly via the term premium.
Cash Transfers and Migration: Theory and Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gazeaud Jules , Mvukiyehe Eric , Sterck Olivier 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWill the fast expansion of cash-based programming in poor countries increase international migration? Theoretically, cash transfers may deter migration by increasing its opportunity cost or favor migration by relaxing liquidity, credit, and risk constraints. This paper evaluates the impact of a cash-for-work program on migration. Randomly selected households in Comoros were offered up to US$320 in cash in exchange for their participation in public works projects. We find that the program increased international migration by 38% from 7.8% to 10.8%. The increase in migration appears to be driven by the alleviation of liquidity and risk constraints.
Issues: The Promise of a Speech Act
Authors: Naas Michael 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This essay celebrates the fiftieth anniversary of Research in Phenomenology by reimagining or rethinking the speech act (whether explicit or implicit) that would have launched or inaugurated the journal back in 1971. It does this by rereading Derrida’s signature text on speech act theory, “Signature Event Context,” a text first presented by Derrida in the very year of the journal’s founding. The essay takes Derrida’s theses regarding the speech act’s fundamental relationship to writing, absence, death, and testimony in order to reread some of the first issues of Research in Phenomenology, including the memorial essays contained within them. The essay concludes by suggesting that Research in Phenomenology has done as much as any journal over the last half century to live up to the promise of that original speech act.
Of a Ghost and Its Resurrection: María Zambrano on the Agony of Europe
Authors: Gasché Rodolphe 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In La Agonia de Europa, María Zambrano writes: “Europe is not dead, Europe cannot die completely; it agonizes. For Europe is perhaps the only thing—in history—that cannot die; it is the only thing capable of resurrection.” How to understand this provocative statement? What must Europe be for it not being able to completely die, but only to agonize? How to understand the mode of being Europe as one of continuous agonization? What kind of resurrection does European life refer to, and what is its significance in the context of Zambrano’s heretical Christianity? These are among the questions raised in the paper.
Three Last Dubious Projects
Authors: Krell David Farrell 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The article discusses three research projects that I may never undertake: (1) a genealogy of Nietzsche interpretations devolving from Bataille and Heidegger; (2) a discussion of Derrida’s strange mix of biology and biography in his work on Nietzsche; and (3) an account of meetings I had on various occasions with Heidegger, Arendt, and Derrida.
Sweden’s Collective Defence Obligations or this is Not a Collective Defence Pact (or Is It?): Considerations of International and Constitutional Law
Authors: Österdahl Inger 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article analyses the content of the mutual defence obligation contained in the EU Treaty Article 42(7) in relation to the Swedish constitutional rule on the sending of armed forces abroad and the emerging ’deepened defence cooperation’ between Sweden and Finland. The article tries to understand the prevailing Swedish position in legal terms and suggests an alternative flexible way on Sweden’s part of conceiving the binding force of Article 42(7). The question is whether the EU Treaty contains an international obligation of a quality to activate a provision in the Swedish Constitution entitling the government to decide on its own, without having to seek the otherwise necessary approval by Parliament, to send Swedish armed forces to other countries for instance on a mission of collective self-defence. The possibility of looking at the EU Treaty and the Swedish Instrument of Government in this way is not considered in any of the Swedish official inquiries into the Swedish security and defence policy of which there have been quite a few recently.
Observations of Eddy-Modulated Turbulent Mixing in the Southern Bay of Bengal
Authors: Luecke C. A. , Wijesekera H. W. , Jarosz E. , Wang D. W. , Wesson J. C. , Jinadasa S.U.P. , Fernando H. J. S. , Teague W. J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLong-term measurements of turbulent kinetic-energy dissipation rate (ε), and turbulent temperature-variance dissipation rate (χT) in the thermocline, along with currents, temperature, and salinity were made at two subsurface moorings in the southern Bay of Bengal (BoB). This is a part of a major international program, conducted between July 2018 and June 2019, for investigating the role of the BoB on the monsoon intraseasonal oscillations. One mooring was located on the typical path of the Southwest Monsoon Current (SMC), and the other was in a region where the Sri Lanka Dome is typically found during the summer monsoon. Microstructure and finescale estimates of vertical diffusivity revealed the long-term subthermocline mixing patterns in the southern BoB. Enhanced turbulence and large eddy diffusivities were observed within the SMC during the passage of a subsurface-intensified anticyclonic eddy. During this time, background shear and strain appeared to influence high-frequency motions such as near-inertial waves and internal tides, leading to increased mixing. Near the Sri Lanka Dome, enhanced dissipation occurred at the margins of the cyclonic feature. Turbulent mixing was enhanced with the passage of Rossby waves and eddies. During these events, values of χT exceeding 10−4 °C2 s−1 were recorded concurrently with ε values exceeding 10−5 W kg −1. Inferred diffusivity peaked well above background values of 10−6 m2 s−1, leading to an annually-averaged diffusivity near 10−4 m2 s−1. Turbulence appeared low throughout much of the deployment period. Most of the mixing occurred in spurts during isolated events.
Aripiprazole in the real-world treatment for irritability associated with autism spectrum disorder in children and adolescents in Japan: 52-week post-marketing surveillance
Authors: Sugimoto Yuna , Yamamura Kayo , Takayama Tomoyo , Fukuta Yasuhiko , Aoki Kazuo , Mikami Katsunaka , Tomoda Akemi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the post-marketing safety and effectiveness of aripiprazole in treating irritability in pediatric patients (6–17 years) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in actual clinical sites of Japan.

Methods
In this post-marketing surveillance, patients were enrolled into the multicenter, prospective, non-interventional, observational study for 52 weeks, and were dosed with aripiprazole (1–15 mg/day) under daily clinical settings in Japan.

Results
In 510 patients, the continuation rate of aripiprazole treatment was 84.6% at day 168 (week 24) and 78.1% at day 364 (week 52). Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occurred in 22.7% of patients (n = 116), and the most common ADRs were somnolence (9.4%), followed by weight increased (3.3%). At week 4, the mean change from baseline in the irritability subscale score for the Aberrant Behavior Checklist Japanese version (ABC-J) was − 5.7 ± 6.8 (n = 288). Based on multiple regression analysis, comorbid attention deficit and hyperactivity did not affect the ABC-J irritability subscale score at endpoint. At week 24, the mean change from baseline for the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was − 3.3 ± 4.9 (n = 215) for the total difficulties score and 0.6 ± 1.7 (n = 217) for the prosocial behavior subscale score.

Conclusions
Aripiprazole was well tolerated and effective in the long-term treatment of irritability associated with ASD in Japanese pediatric patients in the real-world clinical practice.

Trial registration
This surveillance was registered with Clinical Trial.gov (no. NCT03179787) on June 7, 2017 (retrospectively registered).