bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of an Educational Tool on Young Women’s Knowledge of Cervical Cancer Screening Recommendations
Authors: de Bocanegra Heike Thiel , Dehlendorf Christine , Kuppermann Miriam , Vangala Sitaram S , Moscicki Anna-Barbara 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Current cervical cancer screening guidelines recommend 3-year screening intervals, in contrast to the previous recommendation of annual screening, to prevent over screening and overtreatment. We evaluated the impact of viewing a tablet-based educational tool prior to seeing a clinician on young women’s knowledge and understanding of cervical cancer screening, HPV vaccination follow-up of abnormal pap smears, and comfort in communicating with their providers.
Methods

This cross-sectional study was part of a cluster randomized study of fourteen primary care clinics from January 2015 to December 2016. We developed the cervical cancer education tool in English and Spanish using a community-based approach that included formative work and cognitive interviewing. Clinics were randomized to use the intervention (tablet-based patient education tool) or to participate as a control group. We administered surveys to a convenience sample of 229 English-or Spanish-speaking women aged 19 to 35 years in these clinics. We used descriptive analyses and logistic regression models with cluster-robust standard errors to compare differences among the two groups.
Results

Compared to women seen in control clinics, women seen in intervention clinics demonstrated greater knowledge regarding human papilloma virus (HPV (p = .004) and understanding (p < .001) of cervical cancer screening. Comfort in communicating with providers was not statistically different (p = .053). Women in the intervention group felt that the tool helped them understand that an abnormal Pap smear does not require immediate treatment (61.5%).
Conclusion

Innovative online patient education that is offered prior to patients’ interaction with their clinicians can improve their knowledge about cervical cancer prevention and treatment.
Classification of Chaotic Squeak And Rattle Vibrations By CNN Using Recurrence Pattern
Authors: Nam Jaehyeon , Kang Jaeyoung 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The chaotic squeak and rattle (S&R) vibrations in mechanical systems were classified by deep learning. The rattle, single-mode, and multi-mode squeak models were constructed to generate chaotic S&R signals. The repetition of nonlinear signals generated by them was visualized using an unthresholded recurrence plot and learned using a convolutional neural network (CNN). The results showed that even if the signal of the S&R model is chaos, it could be classified. The accuracy of the classification was verified by calculating the Lyapunov exponent of the vibration signal. The numerical experiment confirmed that the CNN classification using nonlinear vibration images as the proposed procedure has more than 90% accuracy. The chaotic status and each model can be classified into six classes.
End-Of-Life Discussions Reduce The Utilization of Life-Sustaining Treatments During The Last Three Months of Life in Cancer Patients : A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Chan Shang-Yih , Lai Yun-Ju , Chen Yu-Yen Hsin , Chiang Shuo-Ju , Tsai Yi-Fan , Hsu Li-Fei , Chuang Pei-Hung , Chen Chu-Chieh Hsin , Yen Yung-Feng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Studies to examine the impact of end-of-life (EOL) discussions on the utilization of life-sustaining treatments near death were limited and had inconsistent findings. This nationwide population-based cohort study determined the impact of EOL discussions on the utilization of life-sustaining treatments in the last three months of life in Taiwanese cancer patients.
Methods

This cohort study included adult cancer patients from 2012–2018, which were confirmed by pathohistological reports. Life-sustaining treatments during the last three months of life included cardiopulmonary resuscitation, intubation, and defibrillation. EOL discussions in cancer patients were confirmed by their medical records. Association of EOL discussions with utilization of life-sustaining treatments were assessed using multiple logistic regression.
Results

Of 381,207 patients, the mean age was 70.5 years and 19.4% of the subjects utilized life-sustaining treatments during the last three months of life. After adjusting for other covariates, those who underwent EOL discussions were less likely to receive life-sustaining treatments during the last three months of life compared to those who did not (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80–0.84). Considering the type of treatments, EOL discussions correlated with a lower likelihood of receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (AOR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.41–0.45), endotracheal intubation (AOR = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.85–0.89), and defibrillation (AOR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.48–0.57).
Conclusion

EOL discussions correlated with a lower utilization of life-sustaining treatments during the last three months of life among cancer patients. Our study supports the importance of providing these discussions to cancer patients to better align care with preferences during the EOL treatment.
Dural And Skull Base Reconstruction To Eliminate Postoperative Complications Related To Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage: Technical Nuances And Surgical Outcomes
Authors: NONAKA YOICHI , Fukushima Takanori , Hayashi Naokazu , Sorimachi Takatoshi , Matsumae Mitsunori 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a common complication associated with neurosurgical procedures, and eliminating postoperative CSF leaks remains challenging. OBJECTIVE: Unique applications of free or vascularized flaps for watertight dural and skull base reconstruction are presented. METHODS: A total of 512 cases of cranial surgeries were examined focused on the postoperative complications that required revision surgery. These cases were divided into skull base (SB) lesions and non-SB lesions according to the site of dural opening. The postoperative complications were analyzed according to their relationship to the CSF. A free flap, including fascial, myofascial, or pericranial flap, is routinely prepared for later use in dural closure in all cranial surgeries. A pedicled vascularized pericranial flap (VPF) is also used for SB dural reconstruction in extended surgical procedures.RESULTS: There were 434 cases of SB lesions and 78 cases of non-SB lesions. Of the 512 surgical cases, 27 (5.3%) required revision surgery due to patients’ postoperative conditions or complications. There were 9 cases (1.8%) of CSF-related and 18 cases (3.5%) of non-CSF-related complications. Eight of nine cases of CSF-related complications (88.9%) were seen in posterior fossa surgery. Postoperative CSF leaks that required revision surgery were seen in 4 cases (0.8%). SB reconstruction using a VPF was performed in 40 cases of SB surgeries. No postoperative infection was seen in these 40 cases, and only 1 case (2.5%) of pseudomeningocele, which required revision surgery, occurred. CONCLUSION: Dural reconstruction using a fascial flap or VPF plays an important role in achieving successful surgery.
Intra-rater Reproducibility in Physical Function Testing Among Haemodialysis Patients: The Impact of Measurement Timing
Authors: Junqué Anna , Tomás Ester , Andreu Lola , Segura Eva 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background. Accurate evaluation of physical function in patients undergoing haemodialysis is crucial in the analysis of the impact of exercise programs in this population. Objective. To evaluate the reproducibility of several physical functional tests, depending on the timing of their implementation (before the HD session versus non-HD days). Design. Prospective, non-experimental, descriptive study.Methods. Thirty patients in haemodialysis were evaluated twice, one week apart. The test session was performed before the haemodialysis session started and a retest was performed in non-dialysis day. The testing battery included the Short Physical Performance Battery, sit-to-stand-to-sit tests, six-minute walking test, one-leg stand test, timed up and go, and handgrip strength with and without forearm support. The intra- rater reproducibility was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficients and the agreement was assessed by Bland–Altman analysis.Results. The interclass correlation coefficients values ranged from 0.86 to 0.96, so that all tests showed good to very good relative reliability. The mean differences between trials of sit to stand to sit 10 and 60, Time up and go and all the handgrip tests were close to zero, indicating no systematic differences between trials. Large range of values between trials was observed for the Six minutes walking test, gait speed, One-leg stand test and Short physical performance battery, indicating a systematic bias for these four tests.Conclusion. The Sit to stand to sit 10 and 60, time up and go and handgrip tests had good to excellent test-retest reliability in measuring physical function in different dialysis days of patients undertaking haemodialysis. The Minimal detectable change values are provided for this population. Bias were found for the Six minutes walking test, gait speed, Short physical performance battery or one-leg stand test when the testing day changed.
Metabolically Healthy Versus Unhealthy Obese Phenotypes and Risk of Hypertension Incidence; A Case–Cohort Analysis
Authors: Hamzeh Behrooz , Pasdar Yahya , Moradi Shima , Darbandi Mitra , Shakiba Ebrahim , Najafi Farid 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Although obesity contributes in increasing the risk of hypertension, it is not known the effect of obesity based on metabolic status on the incidence of hypertension. This study was aimed to determine association between obesity phenotypes including metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) and metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and risk of hypertension incidence.
Methods

We conducted a case-cohort study on 6,747 adults 35–65 aged from Ravansar non- communicable diseases (RaNCD) study. Obesity was defined body mass index > 30 kg/m2 and metabolically unhealthy was considered at least two metabolic disorders based on the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Obesity phenotypes were categorized four groups including MUO, MHO, metabolically unhealthy non obesity (MUNO), and metabolically healthy non obesity (MHNO). Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to analyze associations with hypertension incidence.
Results

The incidence of hypertension was one case per 1000 person-months (393/391162). The MHO (HR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.03–1.86) and MUO phenotype (HR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.81–3.29) was linearly associated with higher hypertension risk compared to MHNO. In addition, MUNO phenotype was significantly associated with risk of hypertension incidence (HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.29–2.14).
Conclusions

Both metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity was elevated risk of hypertension incidence, however, this increase in metabolically unhealthy phenotypes was higher.
Script Identification in Handwritten Documents for Gurumukhi-Latin Script Using Transfer Learning with Deep and Shallow Classifiers
Authors: Kaur Sukhandeep , Bawa Seema , Kumar Ravinder 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Script identification at character level in handwritten documents is a challenging task for Gurumukhi and Latin scripts due to the presence of slightly similar, quite similar or at times confusing character pairs. Hence, it is found to be inadequate to use single feature set or just traditional feature sets and classifier in processing the handwritten documents. Due to the evolution of deep learning, the importance of traditional feature extraction approaches is somewhere neglected which is considered in this paper. This paper investigates machine learning and deep learning ensemble approaches at feature extraction and classification level for script identification. The approach here is: i. combining traditional and deep learning based features ii. evaluating various ensemble approaches using individual and combined feature sets to perform script identification iii. evaluating the pre-trained deep networks using transfer learning for script identification ’iv. finding the best combination of feature set and classifiers for script identification. Three different kinds of traditional features like Gabor filter, Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM), Histograms of Oriented Gradiants (HOG) are employed. For deep learning pretrained deep networks like VGG19, ResNet50 and LeNet5 have been used as feature extractor. These individual and combined features are trained using classifiers
like Support Vector Machines (SVM) , K nearest neighbor (KNN), Random Forest (rf) etc. Further many ensemble approaches like Voting,Boosting and Bagging are evaluated for script classification. Exhaustive experimental work resulted into the highest accuracy of 98.82% with features extracted from ResNet50 using transfer learning and bagging based ensemble classifier which is higher as compared to previously reported work.
Global Sensitivity Analysis of (a)Symmetric Energy Harvesters
Authors: Norenberg João Pedro , Cunha Americo , Silva Samuel da , Varoto Paulo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Parametric variability is inevitable in actual energy harvesters and can define crucial aspects of the system performance, especially in susceptible systems to small perturbations. In this way, this work aims to identify the most critical parameters in the dynamics of (a)symmetric bistable energy harvesters with nonlinear piezoelectric coupling, considering the variability of their physical and excitation parameters. For this purpose, a global sensitivity analysis based on the Sobol' indices is performed by an orthogonal decomposition in terms of conditional variances to access the dependence of the recovered power concerning the harvester parameters. This technique quantifies the variance concerning each parameter individually and jointly regarding the total variation of the model. The results indicate that the frequency and amplitude of excitation, asymmetric bias angle, and piezoelectric coupling at the electrical domain are the most influential parameters that affect the mean power harvested. It has also been shown that the order of importance of the parameters can change from stable conditions. In possession of this, a better understanding of the system under analysis is obtained, identifying vital parameters that rule the change of dynamic behavior and constituting a powerful tool in the robust design and prediction of nonlinear harvesters.
Theoretical Analysis of Tuning and Sensitivity Improvement of Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor employing Heterostructures of Titanium Disilicide and Graphene
Authors: R Balaji V 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this work, a surface plasmons resonance-based biosensor is theoretically and mathematically investigated. The proposed sensor is a multilayered structure of the titanium disilicide and graphene along with Ag metal. These layers are stacked over the BK7 prism. The metal, titanium disilicide, and graphene layer thickness are taken as 45 nm, 2 nm, and 1.7 nm, respectively. The titanium disilicide is an air-stable 2-D material. The performance of the biosensor is analyzed using the attenuated total reflection (ATR) method. The proposed configuration has a maximum sensitivity of 183.4°/RIU, 47.45 % higher than the conventional sensor. The designed sensor has wide applications in chemical, medical, and biological analyte sensing.
PP2A Methylation is Necessary for Broad Stress Tolerance
Authors: Creighton Maria T. , Nemie-Feyissa Dugassa , Zaman Nabeela , Johansen Sverre S. , Dysjaland Hege , Heidari Behzad , Lillo Cathrine 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: LEUCINE CARBOXYL METHYL TRANSFERASE 1 (LCMT1) transfers a methyl group from the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to the catalytic subunit of PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2A (PP2A). This post-translational modification of PP2A is manifested throughout eukaryotes from yeast to plants and animals. Although highly conserved, the importance of the methylation is poorly understood. Since Arabidopsis plants with knocked out LCMT1 grow and develop fairly normally, we decided to search for conditions that may reveal the benefits of this regulation. We compared the effects of various stressful conditions on Arabidopsis wild type (WT) and a lcmt1 mutant possessing only non-methylated PP2A. Results: Seedlings were grown in Petri dishes for 5-12 days, or in rock wool and soil for up to 7 weeks. A significant increase in sodium concentration was found for lcmt1 relative to WT, but this was not linked with stressful conditions. Plants were exposed to variable levels of the chelator EDTA, iron, zinc, aluminium, heat, and hydrogen peroxide. The lcmt1 mutant was clearly more sensitive than WT to all the various stresses, as demonstrated by effects on seedling root growth and on shoots of rosette stage plants on rock wool. When omitting EDTA, expression of genes known as signature genes for iron deficiency, FIT1, bHLH100, IMA1, IRT1 was strongly enhanced in lcmt1. Although an iron starvation response was induced, Fe homeostasis was apparently maintained by slowed growth in lcmt1 and the Fe level related to tissue dry weight was not changed. Among genes induced in lcmt1 were also the Zn induced gene ZIF1, and heat shock protein HSP90-1. Concentrations of non-iron transition metals, Cu, Mn and Zn, increased significantly in response to lack of EDTA for both lcmt1 and WT tissue, and especially the growth of lcmt1 was strongly hampered. Conclusions: Presence of the LCMT1 gene was necessary to cope efficiently with an imbalance in the micronutrients, heat stress, and oxidative stress. Methylation of PP2A appears important to ameliorate the toxic effects of metals present in unfavourable high concentrations as well as heat or oxidative stress. The experiments establish LCMT1 as a key component in broad stress tolerance.
Grain-Scale Analysis of Solid-Phase Organic Matter and Arsenic Mobility in Mining-Impacted 1 Sediment from Sub‐Arctic Lakes, Northwest Territories, Canada
Authors: Miller Clare B , Parsons Michael B , Jamieson Heather E , Ardakani Omid H , Patterson R Timothy , Galloway Jennifer M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Arsenic (As) is commonly sequestered at the sediment-water interface (SWI) in mining-impacted lakes through adsorption and/or co-precipitation with authigenic iron (Fe)-(oxy)hydroxides or sulphides. The results of this study demonstrate that the accumulation of solid-phase organic matter (OM) in near-surface sediments also influences the mobility and fate of As in sub-Arctic lakes. Sediment gravity cores, sediment grab samples, and porewaters were collected from three lakes downstream of the former Tundra gold mine, Northwest Territories. Analysis of sediment using combined micro-X-ray fluorescence/diffraction, K-edge X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure (XANES), and organic petrography shows that As is associated with both aquatic (benthic and planktonic alginate) and terrestrially-derived OM (cutinite; funginite). Most As is hosted by fine-grained Fe-(oxy)hydroxides or sulphide minerals ( e.g., goethite, orpiment, lepidocrocite, mackinawite); however, grain-scale synchrotron-based analysis shows that As is also associated with amorphous OM. Mixed As oxidation states in porewater (median = 62 % As (V), 18 % As (III); n = 20) and sediment (median = 80 % As (-I) and (III), 19 % As (V); n = 9) indicate the presence of variable redox conditions in the near-surface sediment and suggest that post-depositional remobilization of As has occurred . Detailed characterization of As-bearing OM at and below the SWI suggests that OM plays an important role in stabilizing redox-sensitive authigenic minerals and associated As. Based on these findings, it is expected that increased concentrations of labile OM will drive post-depositional surface-enrichment of As in mining-impacted lakes and may increase or decrease As flux from sediments to overlying surface waters.
A Dynamical Alternating Direction Multiplier Method for Two-Block Optimization Problems
Authors: Chao Miantao , Liu Liqun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a dynamic alternating direction method of multipliers for two-block separable optimization problems. The well-known classical ADMM can be obtained after the time discretization of the dynamical system. Under suitable condition, we prove that the trajectory asymptotically converges to a saddle point of the Lagrangian function of the problems. When the coefficient matrices in the constraint are identiy matrices, we prove the worst-case O(1/t) convergence rate in ergodic sense.
Price of Robustness Optimization through Demand Forecasting and Robust Planning Models Integration in Waste Management
Authors: Gentile Claudio , Pinto Diego Maria , Stecca Giuseppe 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Robust optimization can be effectively used to protect production plans against uncertainties. This is particularly important in sectors where variability is inherent the process that must be optimally planned. The drawback is that, in real situations, some information can be added in order to better control the extra-cost resulting from considering the parameter variability. This work investigates how demand forecasting can be used in conjunction with robust optimization in order to achieve an optimal planning considering demand uncertainties. In the proposed procedure forecast is used to update uncertain parameters of the robust model. Moreover the robustness budget is optimized at each planned stage in a rolling planning horizon. In this way the parameters of the robust model can be dynamically updated tacking information from the data. The study is applied to a reverse logistics case, where the planning of sorting for material recycling is affected by uncertainties in the demand, consisting of the waste material to be sorted and recycled. Results are compared with the standard robust optimization approach, using real case instances, showing potentialities of the proposed method.
4-[6-(4-Isopropoxyphenyl)Pyrazolo[1,5-a]Pyrimidin-3-yl]Quinoline) Suppresses Metastasis Through HIF-1α/MCT-4-Mediated Lactate Excretion in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: chen Chang , Tan Xue , Kou Xiaotong , Qin Xiaoling , Li Zhongsha , Li Jingyu , Li Qi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
DMH1 (D4-[6-(4-isopropoxyphenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]quinoline) is a bone morphogenetic protein antagonist. However, the influence of DMH1 on colorectal cancer metastasis remains unknown. Hence, This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of DMH1 on the migration of cancer cells. In vitro incubation with DMH1(1mM) inhibited the high protein level of HIF-1α in CT-26 cells. Transwell assay confirmed that DMH1 suppress CT-26 cells migration via the HIF-1α under hypoxia. The accumulation of lactate in culture medium down-regulated the extracellular pH, then stimulated the migration of CT-26 cells. DMH1 suppressed the migration of CT-26 cells through HIF-1α/MCT-4 signaling pathway mediate the excreation of lactate. The data demonstrated that DMH1 downregulated the high intracellular pH levels via the HIF-1α/MCT-4 signaling pathway to mediate lactate excretion. This study indicated that DMH1 might serve as a potential drug for treating tumor migration by minimizing the intracellular pH via the HIF-1α/MCT-4 signaling pathway.