bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do natural ingredients in a dentifrice contribute to prevention of plaque and gingivitis?
Authors: Valkenburg Cees , Rosema N. A. Martijn , Hennequin‐Hoenderdos Nienke L. , Versteeg Paula A. , Slot Dagmar Else , Van der Weijden G. A. (Fridus) 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo test the effectiveness of a dentifrice containing the turmeric and licorice extract compared to a control for preventing plaque and gingivitis over a four‐month period.Material and methodsNinety (non‐dental) participants with moderate gingival inflammation (≥ 40%) were selected. The triple blind study consisted of two phases, namely at first a 3‐week pre‐experimental phase of using an oxygenating and chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthrinse. Secondly, a 4‐month experimental period in which participants were randomly assigned to a test or control group. All were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily for 2 minutes with their assigned dentifrice. Gingival bleeding (BI), plaque (PI) and gingivitis (GI) were assessed.ResultsEighty participants completed the protocol. At the first assessment in the pre‐experimental phase, the mean scores of all indices showed no differences for the two groups. At the second session, the values of all three parameters had decreased significantly (p < 0.001). At the last session, the BI values were 0.52(0.25) for the test group and 0.56(0.25) for the control, the mean GI was 0.27(0.17) for the test group and 0.31(0.16) for the control, and for PI the scores were 1.89(0.46) for the test group and 1.98(0.43) for the control group. Statistical comparison of the scores for the two groups at each stage of the study showed no significant difference for any of the parameters.ConclusionWithin the limits of the current study design, dentifrice formulation and concentration of turmeric/licorice extracts, the results show that the adjuvant effect of the natural ingredients in the test dentifrice was not evident on clinical parameters of gingivitis and plaque.
Clinical characteristics and long‐term outcomes of 97 Korean patients with mycosis fungoides
Authors: Moon Ik Jun , Lee Keon Hee , Choi Jae Won , Lee Woo Jin , Won Chong Hyun , Chang Sungeun , Choi Jee Ho , Lee Mi Woo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundMycosis fungoides (MF) shows racial and regional differences in terms of clinical features. The availability of therapeutic options as well as drugs differs from one country to another. There are only limited data on the clinical characteristics and treatment experience of MF from South Korea.MethodsMedical records of 97 patients with MF were retrospectively analyzed to investigate clinical features, survivals, and prognostic factors. Assessment of prognostic variables was done using univariate Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsMedian age at time of diagnosis was 45 years. The median time from onset of skin lesion to diagnosis of MF was 36 months with a median follow‐up period of 96 months. A number of clinical variants of MF were observed. Treatment mainly consisted of narrow‐band UVB, systemic retinoids, methotrexate, chemotherapy, and regional radiotherapy. Complete remission was observed in 78% of patients with records on their clinical course. About 12% experienced disease progression. No clinical prognostic factor apart from TNM staging was identified.ConclusionDespite delay in diagnosis, most cases of MF in Korea were diagnosed in early stages. Prognosis of our patients was more favorable than those of other geographic regions as reported in previous studies. Good response to treatment, consisting mainly of phototherapy and radiation therapy, and relatively indolent clinical behavior of disease were observed in this homogeneous cohort of Korean patients with MF.
Retrospective analysis of 578 inpatient dermatology consultations in hematology and hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients
Authors: Hines Alexander , Hazim Antonious , Wetter David A. , Bridges Alina G. , Camilleri Michael J. , McEvoy Marian T. , el‐Azhary Rokea A. , Davis Mark D. P. , Sartori‐Valinotti Julio C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundHospitalized patients with hematologic malignancies are medically complex and commonly affected by dermatologic conditions.MethodsRetrospective chart review from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2018, at Rochester Methodist Hospital (Rochester, Minnesota, USA). Patients hospitalized on hematology and BMT services receiving dermatology consultation were included.ResultsIn all, 578 consultations (63% male, median age 61 years) were reviewed. Drug reactions (22%), infection (17%), and malignant neoplasm (10%) accounted for nearly half of diagnoses. Exanthematous drug reaction (10%), graft‐versus‐host disease (7%), and lymphoma or leukemia cutis (6%) were the commonest individual diagnoses. There were significantly more drug reactions in severe neutropenia (33.2% vs. 15.0%), neutrophilic dermatoses in myeloid neoplasm (5.2% vs. 0.3%), and viral infection in lymphoid neoplasm (8.3% vs. 1.2%). Consultation frequently altered treatment (68%), diagnostic workup (63%), and the primary service’s initial diagnostic impression (53%). Biopsies were performed in 52% of consultations and helped secure a diagnosis 73% of the time. A total of 16.4% of consultations did not receive a definitive final diagnosis, and 18.5% were resolved in one visit.ConclusionThis is the largest study to date of hospital dermatology consultation in hematology patients. Biopsies are utilized frequently and are diagnostically useful. The complexity of this patient population is evidenced by the fact that a final diagnosis remains elusive in a number of cases despite the multiple visits required for the vast majority of consultations. Nevertheless, dermatology consultation alters diagnosis and treatment in the majority of patients, highlighting the critical role dermatologists have in the care of these patients.
The stability of ‘add‐on’ coagulation assays in refrigerated citrated plasma stored on a packed cellular fraction
Authors: Quirke William , Toomey Siobhan , Sheikhi Ali 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionHaematology laboratories are increasingly faced with requests for add‐on coagulation testing. This study explores extending the specimen storage proposals by examining coagulation parameters on refrigerated citrated plasma retained on a cellular fraction over a 24‐hour period.MethodsSodium citrate (Sarstedt® S‐Monovette 3.2%) specimens from 206 patients in University Hospital Limerick, Ireland were refrigerated immediately post‐analysis and re‐analysed in the centrifuged primary container at 4, 8 and 24‐hour intervals using the Diagnostica Stago coagulometer and reagent combination. Coagulation assays examined for statistically and clinically significant differences included PT, APTT, D‐Dimer, fibrinogen and Protein C.ResultsPT, APTT and Protein C values displayed statistical significance from 4 hours. Fibrinogen differences were statistically significant from 8 hours. D‐Dimer differences were not statistically significant at any interval over the 24‐hour period.The refrigerated storage limit for PT and APTT results was determined to be 4 hours. D‐Dimer was the only test parameter to report a mean percentage variance >10%. However, result changes at the threshold region of 0.5 µg/mL FEU were found to be within assay precision limits and desirable bias up to 8 hours. Maximum mean differences for Protein C (−1.3%) and fibrinogen (2.3%) were within assay precision limits and desirable biases up to 24 hours.ConclusionPT and APTT results are stable in refrigerated citrated plasma maintained on a cellular fraction up to 4 hours post‐phlebotomy. D‐Dimers results are reliable up to 8 hours, while fibrinogen and Protein C results are stable for at least 24 hours.
Patients’ experiences of delirium: A systematic review and meta‐summary of qualitative research
Authors: Kuusisto‐Gussmann Eero , Höckelmann Carolin , von der Lühe Verena , Schmädig Roman , Baltes Marion , Stephan Astrid 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimsThe purpose of this systematic review and meta‐summary was the aggregation of the empirical qualitative literature on patients’ experiences of delirium in order to support the development and implementation of patient‐oriented delirium management and to guide future research.DesignWe conducted a systematic literature review of qualitative research published between January 1980 and June 2019.Data sourcesIn June 2019, we searched in Medline, CINAHL, SSCI and PsycInfo to identify relevant reports. In addition, we conducted searches in three dissertation databases (BASE, DART and ProQuest) and Google Scholar.Review methodsWe used methods developed by Sandelowski and Barroso to construct a meta‐summary of the findings by extracting them from the reports, abstracting them into meta‐ findings and calculating their manifest interstudy frequency effect sizes.ResultsOut of the 742 identified records, 24 reports based on delirium experience accounts of 483 patients met our criteria and were included. One thousand ninety‐seven findings were extracted from these reports and abstracted into 92 meta‐findings. These were grouped to the five emerging themes ‘perception’, ‘emotions’, ‘interaction with others’, ‘dealing with delirium’ and ‘influence on further life’.ConclusionDelirium is commonly perceived as an overall distressing condition, which can accompany and influence patients even after hospital discharge.ImpactThis systematic review and meta‐summary is the most comprehensive aggregation of qualitative research of the patient delirium experience to date. It allows us to better understand, extract meaning from, and weigh the qualitative findings in their context by calculating their manifest frequency effect sizes. This can be used to support the development and implementation of delirium management concepts.
PP1, PKA and DARPP‐32 in breast cancer: A retrospective assessment of protein and mRNA expression
Authors: Saidy Behnaz , Kotecha Shreeya , Butler Anna , Rakha Emad A. , Ellis Ian O. , Green Andrew R. , Martin Stewart G. , Storr Sarah J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCyclic AMP–dependent protein kinase A (PKA) and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) are proteins involved in numerous essential signalling pathways that modulate physiological and pathological functions. Both PP1 and PKA can be inhibited by dopamine‐ and cAMP‐regulated phosphoprotein 32 kD (DARPP‐32). Using immunohistochemistry, PKA and PP1 expression was determined in a large primary breast tumour cohort to evaluate associations between clinical outcome and clinicopathological criteria (n > 1100). In addition, mRNA expression of PKA and PP1 subunits was assessed in the METABRIC data set (n = 1980). Low protein expression of PKA was significantly associated with adverse survival of breast cancer patients; interestingly, this relationship was stronger in ER‐positive breast cancer patients. PP1 protein expression was not associated with patient survival. PKA and PP1 subunit mRNA was also assessed; PPP1CA, PRKACG and PRKAR1B were associated with breast cancer–specific survival. In patients with high expression of DARPP‐32, low expression of PP1 was associated with adverse survival when compared to high expression in the same group. PKA expression and PP1 expression are of significant interest in cancer as they are involved in a wide array of cellular processes, and these data indicate PKA and PP1 may play an important role in patient outcome.
MicroRNA‐181a/b‐1‐encapsulated PEG/PLGA nanofibrous scaffold promotes osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Qi Peiyi , Niu Yali , Wang Bin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBioactive nanofibres play a useful role in increasing the efficiency of tissue engineering scaffolds. MicroRNAs (miRs) alone, and in combination with tissue engineering scaffolds, can be effective in treating bone fractures and osteoporosis by regulating many post‐transcriptional cellular pathways. Herein, miR‐181a/b‐1 was incorporated in the electrospun poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanofibres (PLGA‐miR). After characterization scaffolds, the osteoinductive capacity of the nanofibres was investigated when adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT‐MSCs) were cultured on the PLGA and PLGA‐miR nanofibres. miR incorporating in the nanofibres has not any significant effect on the size and morphology of the nanofibres, but its biocompatibility was increased significantly compared to the empty nanofibres. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium measures were evaluated as two important osteogenic markers, and the results revealed that the highest measures were observed in the AT‐MSCs cultured on PLGA‐miR nanofibres. Detected ALP activity and calcium measures in miR‐transduced AT‐MSCs cultured on TCPS were also significantly higher than AT‐MSCs cultured on PLGA and TCPS groups. The highest expression levels of bone‐related genes were observed in the AT‐MSCs cultured on PLGA‐miR nanofibres. This improvement in the osteogenic differentiation potential of the AT‐MSCs was also confirmed by evaluating osteopontin protein in the cells cultured on PLGA‐miR. It can be concluded that miR‐181a/b‐1 has a significant impact on the AT‐MSC osteogenic differentiation, and this impact synergistically increased when incorporated in the PLGA nanofibres.
Diabetes coexistent with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease presenting as a recurrent foot ulcer misdiagnosed as diabetic foot: A case report
Authors: Yan Zhe , Chen Dawei , Yao Li , Wang Chun , Ran Xing‐Wu 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBoth diabetes mellitus and Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT) can lead to severe peripheral neuropathy. The differential diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy is difficult due to the similar clinical features. There are still some clues, such as unusual muscle atrophy, unmatched severity of peripheral neurogenic damage with nephropathy or retinopathy, which could alert clinicians to make differential diagnosis. Although diabetes mellitus is rarely concurrent with CMT, it will exacerbate clinical disorders in patients with CMT. To date, there is no specific medicine for CMT treatment. Offloading devices and desirable comprehensive management of diabetes mellitus might be beneficial to avoid plantar ulcer recurrence and anti‐progression of CMT.
High variability in anatomic patterns of cutaneous photodamage: a population‐based study
Authors: Betz‐Stablein B. , Llewellyn S. , Bearzi P. , Grochulska K. , Rutjes C. , Aitken J.F. , Janda M. , O’Rouke P. , Soyer H.P. , Green A.C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundSkin cancer is strongly associated with photodamaged skin, but body sites are often referred to as ‘exposed’ or ‘unexposed’ to sun without recognizing extent of site‐specific variation.ObjectivesTo assess whole‐body patterns of photodamage in an Australian population.MethodsA random sample of adult residents of Queensland underwent imaging across 10 body sites. Photodamage was graded from images using an ordinal photonumeric scale. We used cluster analysis to identify whole‐body photodamage patterns and prevalence proportion ratios (PPRs) to assess associated factors.ResultsOf 190 adults (median age 52; 58% males), 58% showed severe or moderate‐to‐severe photodamage on most body sites. A higher proportion of woman had severe photodamage on the arms (upper: P = 0.002, lower: P = 0.034). A higher proportion of men had moderate or severe photodamage on the lower back (P = 0.004). We identified four photodamage patterns: ‘severe general’ (n = 24, 13%), ‘moderate‐severe general’ (n = 86, 45%), ‘moderate‐severe v‐neck’ (n = 40, 21%) and ‘mild‐moderate upper body’ (n = 12, 6%). All participants with ‘severe‐general’ photodamage were >50 years and more likely to have past skin cancer (PPR: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.44–4.49) than those with 'moderate‐severe v‐neck' photodamage. Those with ‘moderate‐severe general’ photodamage showed similar associations and were more likely female (PPR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.04–1.69). Past or current smoking was associated with having higher levels of photodamage, with no smokers in those with ‘mild‐moderate upper body’ photodamage.ConclusionsModerate‐to‐severe photodamage across much of the body is common in Queensland adults and associated with age, sex, past skin cancer and smoking. Assuming a universal pattern of site‐specific sun exposure could lead to spurious correlations, while accurate and objective assessment of site‐specific photodamage can add to understanding of the development of sun‐associated skin cancers, in particular site‐specific skin carcinogenesis. Additionally, degree of site‐specific photodamage has the potential to assist skin cancer screening.
Clinical and trichoscopic features in various forms of scalp psoriasis
Authors: Bruni F. , Alessandrini A. , Starace M. , Orlando G. , Piraccini B.M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundScalp psoriasis is often undiagnosed or inadequately treated. The patient himself underestimates the seriousness of this hair disease and consults too late to a dermatologist.ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to create a correlation between the clinical patterns and trichoscopy of scalp psoriasis such in a way to help the clinician to make the diagnosis and select the appropriate therapy.Material and methodsWe gathered all patients affected of scalp psoriasis afferent to Outpatient's hair consultation of the Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, from January 2012 to December 2018. All patients were evaluated through clinical, trichoscopic examination and a skin biopsy only in doubtful cases. We quantified the severity of the disease with several objective and subjective parameters every 4 months, up to 1 year. We recorded therapies, outcome data and quality of life.ResultsWe collected 156 patients affected by scalp psoriasis, identifying seven clinical patterns with specific trichoscopical correlation. In the order of frequency, the clinical patterns were as follows: plaque psoriasis (with a prevalence of erythema, silver‐white scales and twisted red loops vessels and red dots); thin scales (with silvery‐white scales, simple red lines and signet red ring vessels); sebopsoriasis (with greasy scales, erythema with red dots, globules and twisted and bushy red loops at high magnification); psoriatic cap (with silver‐white scales, erythema and polymorphic vascular pattern); pityriasis amiantacea (with yellowish adherent scales, erythema and simple red loops capillaries); cicatricial psoriatic alopecia (with erythema associated with yellowish, silver‐white scales with twisted and bushy red loops capillaries) and pustular psoriasis (with ‘flower shape’ pustular lesions, erythema simple red loops capillaries).ConclusionsThe description of different clinical patterns of scalp psoriasis and its trichoscopical correlations may help the clinician to make the diagnosis also in atypical presentations and to prescribe an adequate therapeutic regimen.
Biology and ecology of the Northern walkingstick, Diapheromera femorata (Say) (Phasmatodea: Diapheromerinae): A review
Authors: Liu Houping 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe northern walkingstick, Diapheromera femorata (Say), is the only stick insect of economic importance native to the United States. Young nymphs feed on various understory shrubs and trees whereas older nymphs and adults prefer oaks and cherries. Occasionally, field populations reach outbreak levels and cause complete tree defoliation. Widespread damage rarely occurs except those reported from Michigan (1930–1960), Wisconsin (1950–1960) and Arkansas and Oklahoma (1960–1975) where thousands to tens of thousands of hectares of trees were affected. The most recent infestations were detected in Arkansas, Maryland, and Pennsylvania with severe damage observed in localized areas. The morphology, life stages, host species, damage, biology, life history, natural enemies and management of this insect were reviewed. Host preference and insect predation were confirmed in Pennsylvania. Other notable stick insects in the United States and economically important species around the world are discussed to raise awareness about the ecological impacts of this understudied group of mostly nocturnal herbivores.
Surface treatments on CAD/CAM glass–ceramics: Influence on roughness, topography, and bond strength
Authors: Azevedo Veber Luiz Bomfim , de Castro Eduardo Fernandes , Bonvent Jean‐Jacques , de Andrade Oswaldo Scopin , Nascimento Fábio Dupart , Giannini Marcelo , Cavalli Vanessa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of surface treatment on roughness (SA), topography, and shear bond strength (SBS) of computer‐aided designer and manufacture (CAD/CAM) zirconia‐reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) and feldspathic (FEL) glass–ceramics.Materials and methodsFEL and ZLS specimens were submitted to 5% or 10% hydrofluoric acid (HF) or self‐etching ceramic primer (MEP) and different application times (20, 40, and 60 s), or to sandblasting (Control, 20 s). Resin cement cylinders were bonded to the specimens and tested in shear (n = 10) after 24 h and 16‐months of water storage. SA and topography were evaluated by atomic force (AFM, n = 10) and scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Bonferroni test (α = 0.05).ResultsSandblasting promoted the highest SA for ZLS, but 10% HF (40, 60 s) promoted higher SBS at 16 months. 10% HF produced the highest SA for FEL, but sandblasting and 5% HF (20 s) maintained SBS after 16 months, without differences from 10% HF (20 s) (p > 0.05). Overall, MEP produced lower SA and SBS among groups (p < 0.05). HF displayed greater morphological changes on FEL.Conclusion10% HF (40 s) provided better results for ZLS, while 5% or 10% HF (20 s) was suitable for FEL.Clinical significanceSurface treatments influenced SA, topography, and SBS of materials. HF etching is the surface treatment of choice for both CAD/CAM glass–ceramics.
Molecular systematics of the Awaous banana complex (River gobies; Teleostei: Oxudercidae)
Authors: McMahan Caleb D. , Elías Diego J. , Li Yue , Domínguez‐Domínguez Omár , Rodriguez‐Machado Sheila , Morales‐Cabrera Alejandra , Velásquez‐Ramírez Diana , Piller Kyle R. , Chakrabarty Prosanta , Matamoros Wilfredo A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDiadromous fishes can exhibit interesting evolutionary and population‐level patterns given their use of freshwater and marine environments as part of their life histories. The River goby genus Awaous are prominent members of riverine ichthyofaunas and occur throughout Atlantic and Pacific slopes of the Americas from the southern United States to Ecuador and Brazil. Here we study the widespread and polymorphic Awaous banana complex to assess phylogeographic patterns and test previous hypotheses that all populations of this species in the Americas belong to the same species. Analysis of sequence data based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene shows multiple clades within the Atlantic and Pacific basins, which correspond to previously described species. Additionally, haplotype analysis demonstrates unique and unconnected networks between these species. Within these clades we document biogeographic patterns that are congruent with results of other co‐occurring diadromous species, as well as a novel biogeographic pattern for the region. Our results support the recognition of distinct species of Awaous in the Atlantic (A. banana and A. tajasica) and Pacific (A. transandeanus) basins. These results are concordant with previously established morphological characters permitting the separation of these species.