bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Latency optimization for D2D-enabled parallel mobile edge computing in cellular networks
Authors: Cai Yan , Ran Liang , Zhang Jun , Zhu Hongbo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEdge offloading, including offloading to edge base stations (BS) via cellular links and to idle mobile users (MUs) via device-to-device (D2D) links, has played a vital role in achieving ultra-low latency characteristics in 5G wireless networks. This paper studies an offloading method of parallel communication and computation to minimize the delay in multi-user systems. Three different scenarios are explored, i.e., full offloading, partial offloading, and D2D-enabled partial offloading. In the full offloading scenario, we find a serving order for the MUs. Then, we jointly optimize the serving order and task segment in the partial offloading scenario. For the D2D-enabled partial offloading scenario, we decompose the problem into two subproblems and then find the sub-optimal solution based on the results of the two subproblems. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that the offloading method of parallel communication and computing can significantly reduce the system delay, and the D2D-enabled partial offloading can further reduce the latency.
A global perspective on macroprudential policy interaction with systemic risk, real economic activity, and monetary intervention
Authors: Stolbov Mikhail I. , Shchepeleva Maria A. , Karminsky Alexander M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe study empirically assesses how macroprudential policy interacts with systemic risk, industrial production, and monetary intervention on a global level from January 2006 to December 2018. We adopt the aggregate proxies of these variables, capturing their global effects, and use a novel econometric technique, namely, smooth local projections. The study finds that global macroprudential policy leads the monetary policy, exhibiting a countercyclical pattern concerning industrial production. The latter has an inverse bidirectional linkage with systemic risk. Thus, an ex-ante tight macroprudential policy can indirectly mitigate global systemic risk through its pro-growth effect on industrial production, although no convincing evidence exists for the direct impact of a macroprudential intervention on systemic risk. The study results endure several extensions and a robustness check, which builds on alternative measures of global systemic stress and real economic activity, thereby legitimizing the increased importance attached to the macroprudential policy since the 2007–2009 global financial crisis.
A community-based, cross-sectional study to assess interactions between income, nutritional status and enteric parasitism in two Brazilian cities: are we moving positively towards 2030?
Authors: Calegar Deiviane A. , Bacelar Polyanna A. , Monteiro Kerla J. L. , dos Santos Jessica P. , Gonçalves Andressa B. , Boia Márcio N. , Jaeger Lauren H. , Coronato-Nunes Beatriz , Carvalho-Costa Filipe A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
This study assessed the interactions between income, nutritional status and intestinal parasitism in children in Brazil.

Methods
A cross-sectional study (n = 421 children aged 1 to 14 years living in the states of Piauí (rural communities in the city of Teresina) and Rio de Janeiro (rural and periurban communities in the city of Cachoeiras de Macacu) was performed in order to obtain income and anthropometric data, as well as fecal samples for parasitological analyses through the Ritchie technique.

Results
Children infected with Ascaris lumbricoides had significantly lower means of height-for-age z scores (− 1.36 ± 0.75 vs. − 0.11 ± 1.02; p < 0.001), weight-for-age z scores (− 1.23 ± 0.74 vs. 0.09 ± 1.15; p = 0.001), and weight-for-height z scores (− 0.68 ± 0.44 vs. 0.23 ± 1.25; p = 0.006) when compared with uninfected children. Infection with hookworm was also associated with lower means of height-for-age z scores (− 1.08 ± 1.17 vs. − 0.12 ± 1.02; p = 0.015) and weight-for-age z scores (− 1.03 ± 1.13 vs. 0.08 ± 1.15; p = 0.012). Children infected with Entamoeba coli presented significantly lower means of height-for-age z scores (− 0.54 ± 1.02 vs. − 0.09 ± 1.02; p = 0.005) and weight-for-age z scores (− 0.44 ± 1.15 vs. 0.12 ± 1.15; p = 0.002). The multivariate multiple linear regression analysis showed that height-for-age z scores are independently influenced by monthly per capita family income (β = 0.145; p = 0.003), female gender (β = 0.117; p = 0.015), and infections with A. lumbricoides (β = − 0.141; p = 0.006) and Entamoeba coli (β = − 0.100; p = 0.043). Weight-for-age z scores are influenced by monthly per capita family income (β = 0.175; p < 0.001), female gender (β = 0.123; p = 0.010), and infections with A. lumbricoides (β = − 0.127; p = 0.012), and Entamoeba coli (β = − 0.101; p = 0.039). Monthly per capita family income (β = 0.102; p = 0.039) and female gender (β = 0.134; p = 0.007) positively influences mid upper arm circumpherence.

Conclusions
Intestinal parasitism and low family income negatively influence the physical development of children in low-income communities in different Brazilian regions.
Patient-reported anxiety and depression measures for use in Indian head and neck cancer populations: a psychometric evaluation
Authors: Shunmugasundaram Chindhu , Dhillon Haryana M. , Butow Phyllis N. , Sundaresan Puma , Chittem Mahati , Akula Niveditha , Veeraiah Surendran , Rutherford Claudia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Head and neck cancers (HNC) are one of the most traumatic forms of cancer because they affect essential aspects of life such as speech, swallowing, eating and disfigurement. HNCs are common in India, with over 100,000 cases being registered each year. HNC and treatment are both associated with considerable anxiety and depression. With increasing multinational research, no suitable measures in Indian languages are available to assess anxiety and depression in Indian HNC patients. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of cross-culturally adapted versions of Zung’s self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Patient health questionnaire – 9 (PHQ-9) in Tamil, Telugu and Hindi speaking Indian HNC populations.

Methods
HNC patients were recruited from three tertiary cancer centres in India. Patients completed the cross-culturally adapted versions of SAS and PHQ-9. We assessed targeting, scaling assumptions, construct validity (exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses), convergent validity, and internal consistency reliability.

Results
The study sample included 205 Tamil, 216 Telugu and 200 Hindi speaking HNC patients. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated a two-factor solution for PHQ-9 and four-factor solution for SAS in all three languages. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranged between 0.717 and 0.890 for PHQ-9 and between 0.803 and 0.868 for SAS, indicating good reliability. Correlations between hypothesized scales were as expected providing evidence towards convergent validity.

Conclusions
This first psychometric evaluation of the measurement properties of Tamil, Telugu and Hindi versions of the SAS and PHQ-9 in large, Indian HNC populations supported their use as severity and outcome measures across the disease and treatment continuum.
Percutaneous transhepatic treatment of a unique portal vein malformation with portal hypertension in a pediatric patient
Authors: Marra Paolo , Dulcetta Ludovico , Pellegrinelli Claudia , D’Antiga Lorenzo , Sironi Sandro 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Anomalies of the portal venous system can be congenital or acquired, the latter being related to spontaneous thrombosis or iatrogenic alterations such as complications of perinatal catheterization of the umbilical vein. These conditions can be clinically silent for years and then manifest abruptly causing severe clinical emergencies.

Case presentation
This case report describes the diagnosis and interventional management of a singular abnormality in the portal venous system of an 8-year-old female that led to severe portal hypertension and acute variceal bleeding. Peculiar imaging findings were not pathognomonic for any of the known congenital and acquired portal vein anomalies: absence of a normal extrahepatic portal vein; splenic and mesenteric veins merging into a dilated left gastric vein; presence of an aberrant mesenteric venous collateral with a stenotic connection with the intrahepatic right portal branch; and absence of porto-systemic shunt. The case was successfully managed with percutaneous transhepatic portography and angioplasty.

Conclusions
Prompt non-invasive imaging characterization allowed to understand the singular vascular abnormality and mini-invasive interventional radiology management resolved portal hypertension and variceal bleeding.
Letter to the Editor: Analysis of stroke patient migration for mechanical thrombectomy and changes in neurointerventional center size in Germany
Authors: Weber Ralph , Bartig Dirk , Krogias Christos , Richter Daniel , Hacke Werner , Eyding Jens 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Aim and methods
To analyse nationwide changes in neurointerventional center size of all German hospitals performing mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in stroke patients from 2016 to 2019. Furthermore, we assessed cross-district patient migration for MT for the first time using hospitals’ structured quality reports and German Diagnosis-Related Groups data in 2019.

Findings
Number of hospitals performing more than 100 MT procedures/year doubled in Germany from 2016 (n = 36) to 2019 (n = 71), and these neurointerventional centers performed 71% of all MT procedures in 2019. The overall increase in MT procedures was largely driven by these high-volume neurointerventional centers with ability to perform MT 24/7 (121% increase as compared with 8% increase in hospitals performing less than 100 MT procedures/year). The highest cross-district patient mobility/transfer of stroke patients for MT was observed in districts adjacent to these high-volume neurointerventional centers with existing neurovascular networks.

Conclusion
The substantial increase in MT procedures observed in Germany between 2016 and 2019 was almost exclusively delivered by high-volume stroke centers performing more than 100 MT procedures per year in established neurovascular networks. As there is still a reasonable number of districts with low MT rates, further structural improvement including implementation of new or expansion of existing neurovascular networks and regional tailored MT triage concepts is needed.
Implementing Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes for Patients With New Oral Chemotherapy Prescriptions at an Academic Site and a Community Site
Authors: Doolin Jim W. , Berry Jonathan L. , Forbath Natalia S. , Tocci Noah X. , Dechen Tenzin , Li Stephanie , Hartwell Rebekah A. , Espiritu Jennifer K. , Roberts Daniel A. , Zerillo Jessica A. , Shea Meghan 
Published: June 2021

PURPOSE Oral chemotherapy challenges providers' abilities to safely monitor patients' symptoms, adherence, and financial toxicity. COVID-19 has increased the urgency of caring for patients remotely. Collection of electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) has demonstrated efficacy for patients on intravenous chemotherapy, but limited data support their use in oral chemotherapy. We undertook a pilot project to assess the feasibility of implementing an ePRO system for patients starting oral chemotherapy at our cancer center, which includes both an academic site and a community site. METHODS Patients initiating oral chemotherapy were asked to participate. A five-question tool was built in REDCap. Concerning responses triggered outreach within one business day. The primary outcome was time to first symptom assessment. For comparison, we used a historical cohort of patients who had been prescribed oral chemotherapies by providers in the same disease groups at the cancer center. RESULTS Twenty-five of 62 (40%) patients completed ePRO assessments. Fifty historical charts were reviewed. Time to first symptom assessment was 7 days (IQR, 4-14 days) in the historical group compared with 3 days (IQR, 2-4 days) in the ePRO group. Time to clinical action was 14 days (7-35 days) in the historical group compared with 8 days (4-19 days) in the ePRO group. No statistically significant differences were detected in 30-day emergency department visit or hospitalization (12% for both groups) or 90-day emergency department visit or hospitalization rates (historical 28% and ePRO 20%). CONCLUSION An ePRO tool monitoring patient concerns about adherence, cost, and toxicities for patients with new oral chemotherapy regimens is feasible and improves time to symptom assessment. Further investigation is needed to improve patient engagement with ePROs and evaluate the long-term impacts for patients on oral chemotherapy.
Clinicopathologic Features and Response to Therapy ofNRG1Fusion–Driven Lung Cancers: The eNRGy1 Global Multicenter Registry
Authors: Drilon Alexander , Duruisseaux Michael , Han Ji-Youn , Ito Masaoki , Falcon Christina , Yang Soo-Ryum , Murciano-Goroff Yonina R. , Chen Haiquan , Okada Morihito , Molina Miguel Angel , Wislez Marie , Brun Philippe , Dupont Clarisse , Branden Eva , Rossi Giulio , Schrock Alexa , Ali Siraj , Gounant Valérie , Magne Fanny , Blum Torsten Gerriet , Schram Alison M. , Monnet Isabelle , Shih Jin-Yuan , Sabari Joshua , Pérol Maurice , Zhu Viola W. , Nagasaka Misako , Doebele Robert , Camidge D. Ross , Arcila Maria , Ou Sai-Hong Ignatius , Moro-Sibilot Denis , Rosell Rafael , Muscarella Lucia Anna , Liu Stephen V. , Cadranel Jacques 
Published: June 2021

PURPOSEAlthough NRG1 fusions are oncogenic drivers across multiple tumor types including lung cancers, these are difficult to study because of their rarity. The global eNRGy1 registry was thus established to characterize NRG1 fusion–positive lung cancers in the largest and most diverse series to date.METHODSFrom June 2018 to February 2020, a consortium of 22 centers from nine countries in Europe, Asia, and the United States contributed data from patients with pathologically confirmed NRG1 fusion–positive lung cancers. Profiling included DNA-based and/or RNA-based next-generation sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Anonymized clinical, pathologic, molecular, and response (RECIST v1.1) data were centrally curated and analyzed.RESULTSAlthough the typified never smoking (57%), mucinous adenocarcinoma (57%), and nonmetastatic (71%) phenotype predominated in 110 patients with NRG1 fusion–positive lung cancer, further diversity, including in smoking history (43%) and histology (43% nonmucinous and 6% nonadenocarcinoma), was elucidated. RNA-based testing identified most fusions (74%). Molecularly, six (of 18) novel 5′ partners, 20 unique epidermal growth factor domain–inclusive chimeric events, and heterogeneous 5′/3′ breakpoints were found. Platinum-doublet and taxane-based (post–platinum-doublet) chemotherapy achieved low objective response rates (ORRs 13% and 14%, respectively) and modest progression-free survival medians (PFS 5.8 and 4.0 months, respectively). Consistent with a low programmed death ligand-1 expressing (28%) and low tumor mutational burden (median: 0.9 mutations/megabase) immunophenotype, the activity of chemoimmunotherapy and single-agent immunotherapy was poor (ORR 0%/PFS 3.3 months and ORR 20%/PFS 3.6 months, respectively). Afatinib achieved an ORR of 25%, not contingent on fusion type, and a 2.8-month median PFS.CONCLUSIONNRG1 fusion–positive lung cancers were molecularly, pathologically, and clinically more heterogeneous than previously recognized. The activity of cytotoxic, immune, and targeted therapies was disappointing. Further research examining NRG1-rearranged tumor biology is needed to develop new therapeutic strategies.
Mobile Health Application for Patients Undergoing Breast Cancer Surgery: Feasibility Study
Authors: Ponder Madison , Venkatraman Vishal , Charalambous Lefko , Ansah-Yeboah Abena A. , Adil Syed M. , Antezana Luis A. , Dharmapurikar Rajeev , Gellad Ziad F. , Lad Shivanand P. , Hwang E. Shelley , Plichta Jennifer K. 
Published: June 2021

PURPOSE: Contemporary breast cancer surgery often requires hospital stays of 1 day or less, presenting challenges to delivery of high-quality care. Without sufficient time for proper education and guidance, patients may delay seeking care, experience anxiety, or seek unnecessary care, leading to poorer outcomes and increased costs. To address this, we evaluated the feasibility of a planning-, outcomes-, and analytics-based mobile health application called Manage My Surgery (MMS) for patients undergoing elective breast cancer surgery. METHODS: Patients undergoing breast cancer surgery at an academic health center were invited to use MMS. Those who used the application received pre- and postoperative surveys, which recorded and reported patient satisfaction and outcomes related to the application. RESULTS: Thirty-three female patients undergoing elective breast cancer surgery used MMS. The median age was 58 years. Nineteen patients underwent lumpectomy, and 14 underwent mastectomy. Users logged on to the application an average of 3.5 times. The median number of questions viewed was 12 (range 2-35). Of 17 patients who completed the feedback survey, 100% said that MMS was helpful during preparation for surgery, 82.3% said that MMS was helpful postoperatively, and 94.1% would recommend MMS to others. Preliminary data on patient-reported outcomes collected by MMS suggest improvements in anxiety and depression over time. CONCLUSION: Implementation of a digital care navigation tool in breast cancer surgery patients is feasible. Patients found the tool helpful in both the pre- and postoperative period. Additional ongoing work will focus on patients' self-management skills, long-term outcomes, and health system costs.
Calcifediol Treatment and COVID-19–Related Outcomes
Authors: Nogues Xavier , Ovejero Diana , Pineda-Moncusí Marta , Bouillon Roger , Arenas Dolors , Pascual Julio , Ribes Anna , Guerri-Fernandez Robert , Villar-Garcia Judit , Rial Abora , Gimenez-Argente Carme , Cos Maria Lourdes , Rodriguez-Morera Jaime , Campodarve Isabel , Quesada-Gomez José Manuel , Garcia-Giralt Natalia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Context
COVID-19 is a major health problem because of saturation of intensive care units (ICU) and mortality. Vitamin D has emerged as a potential treatment able to reduce the disease severity.

Objective
This work aims to elucidate the effect of 25(OH)D3 (calcifediol) treatment on COVID-19–related outcomes.

Methods
This observational cohort study was conducted from March to May 2020, among patients admitted to COVID-19 wards of Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain. A total of 930 patients with COVID-19 were included; 92 were excluded because of previous calcifediol intake. Of the remaining 838, a total of 447 received calcifediol (532 μg on day 1 plus 266 μg on days 3, 7, 15, and 30), whereas 391 were not treated at the time of hospital admission (intention-to-treat). Of the latter, 53 patients were treated later during ICU admission and were allocated in the treated group in a second analysis. In healthy individuals, calcifediol is about 3.2-fold more potent on a weight basis than cholecalciferol. Main outcome measures were ICU admission and mortality.

Results
ICU assistance was required by 102 (12.2%) participants. Out of 447 patients treated with calcifediol at admission, 20 (4.5%) required the ICU, compared to 82 (21%) out of 391 nontreated (P &lt; .001). Logistic regression of calcifediol treatment on ICU admission, adjusted by age, sex, linearized 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels at baseline, and comorbidities showed that treated patients had a reduced risk of requiring the ICU (odds ratio [OR] 0.13; 95% CI 0.07-0.23). Overall mortality was 10%. In the intention-to-treat analysis, 21 (4.7%) out of 447 patients treated with calcifediol at admission died compared to 62 patients (15.9%) out of 391 nontreated (P = .001). Adjusted results showed a reduced mortality risk with an OR of 0.21 (95% CI, 0.10-0.43). In the second analysis, the obtained OR was 0.52 (95% CI, 0.27-0.99).

Conclusion
In patients hospitalized with COVID-19, calcifediol treatment significantly reduced ICU admission and mortality.
Piecemeal regulation of convergent neuronal lineages by bHLH transcription factors inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Masoudi Neda , Yemini Eviatar , Schnabel Ralf , Hobert Oliver 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTCells of the same type can be generated by distinct cellular lineages that originate in different parts of the developing embryo (‘lineage convergence’). Several Caenorhabditis elegans neuron classes composed of left/right or radially symmetric class members display such lineage convergence. We show here that the C. elegans Atonal homolog lin-32 is differentially expressed in neuronal lineages that give rise to left/right or radially symmetric class members. Loss of lin-32 results in the selective loss of the expression of pan-neuronal markers and terminal selector-type transcription factors that confer neuron class-specific features. Another basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) gene, the Achaete-Scute homolog hlh-14, is expressed in a mirror image pattern relative to lin-32 and is required to induce neuronal identity and terminal selector expression on the contralateral side of the animal. These findings demonstrate that distinct lineage histories converge via different bHLH factors at the level of induction of terminal selector identity determinants, which thus serve as integrators of distinct lineage histories. We also describe neuron-to-neuron identity transformations in lin-32 mutants, which we propose to also be the result of misregulation of terminal selector gene expression.
Case Report: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in a patient with COVID-19
Authors: Aly Ragia , Gupta Sachin , Gupta Sorab , Singh Balraj , Goyal Abhinav , Kalathil Sheila 
Published: June 2021

With the spread of the novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide and associated high incidence of thromboembolic complications, the use of heparin is on the rise. It therefore is crucial to identify patients with contraindications for heparin. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a life-threatening complication of exposure to heparin. We report a 66-year-old woman, who was admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 infection. Her course was complicated by pulmonary embolism and dialysis catheter thrombosis. Our patient had a known history of HIT. Treatment of this patient with heparin would have been catastrophic. The COVID-19 pandemic has overwhelmed healthcare systems and is causing a global health crisis. Nevertheless, this case serves as a reminder of the importance of making every effort to obtain thorough history and review of records of every patient.
Designing and developing an app to perform Hofstee cut-off calculations
Authors: Masters Ken , Al-Wardy Nadia 
Published: June 2021

Determining a Hofstee cut-off point in medical education student assessment is problematic: traditional methods can be time-consuming, inaccurate, and inflexible. To counter this, we developed a simple Android app that receives raw, unsorted student assessment data in .csv format, allows for multiple judges’ inputs, mean or median inputs, calculates the Hofstee cut-off mathematically, and outputs the results with other guiding information. The app contains a detailed description of its functionality.