bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: A biological indicator for measuring and communicating local sea level rise captured in historic photographs.
Authors: Rouja Philippe Max , Schneider Craig W , Petrovic Vid , Blasco Steve , Lo Eric , Lightbourne Mandellas A , Tucker Wendy , Kuester Falko 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper explores a novel approach to collecting and communicating local site-specific data on recent sea level rise (SLR) using black zone biotic levels left on historic coastal stone structures by a stable community of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) at the Royal Naval Dockyard in Bermuda. Photographs taken at the Dockyard in 1870, 2007 and 2017 show an upward shift in this living cyanobacterial community. A spatio-temporal digital twin computed from historic and contemporary photo assets was created to test the viability of these black zone lines as a proxy for sea level rise (SLR) measurements in Bermuda. Shifts in these black zone lines when analyzed through the digital twin demonstrate an average upward shift of 2.2 mm per year between 1870 and 2007 and 2.7 mm per year between 1870 and 2017, somewhat lower than the Global estimates from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Report predictions. However, the digital twin showed a dramatic upward shift of 8.8 cm between 2007 and 2017, or 8.8 mm per year, which coincided with Bermuda's highest recorded tidal extent since 1932. Black zone cyanobacteria are highly SLR sensitive and over long time scales comparative imagery of black zones could present a proper indicator of average sea level rise. At timescales less than 10 years the black zone may be best indicative of episodic tidal extent. As SLR will continue to shift supralittoral cyanobacteria upwards in Bermuda and in warm rocky intertidal zones worldwide, tidal monitoring and black zone assessments may prove to be a useful combination in documenting and communicating the reality, extent and possible acceleration of local SLR.
A Shortcut Approach for Large-scale Mixed Model&nbsp;Associations with Binary Traits
Authors: Yang Runqing , Bao Jun , Yang Runqing , Song Yuxin , Hao Zhiyu , Bao Jun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Generalized linear mixed models exhibit computationally intensive and biasness in mapping quantitative trait nucleotides for binary diseases. In genomic logit regression, we consider genomic breeding values estimated in advance as a known predictor, and then correct the deflated association test statistics by using genomic control, thereby successfully extending GRAMMAR-Lambda to analyze binary diseases in a complex structured population. Because there is no need to estimate genomic heritability and genomic breeding values can be estimated by a small number of sampling markers, the generalized mixed-model association analysis has been extremely simplified to handle large-scale data. With almost perfect genomic control, joint analysis for the candidate quantitative trait nucleotides chosen by multiple testing offered a significant improvement in statistical power.
Postoperative EGFR-TKI treatment on residual multiple ground-glass nodules after resection for lung adenocarcinoma: a rare case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Jianbin , Shi Xuefei , Min Weiwei , Yu Caihua , Li Hongwei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Multiple ground-glass nodules (mGGNs) in the lung has been defined as synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (SMPLC), but it is very difficult to differentiat SMPLC from intrapulmonary metastases, and the treatment is still controversial. Target therapy on residual mGGNs after resection for the dominant lesion might be a selectable approach.Case presentation: We report a rare case of lung adenocarcinoma displaying primary EGFR-T790M mutation, in which the patient underwent radical resection of lesions in the left upper lung(LUL), and continued osimertinib treatment for the residual mGGNs in all lobes of the right lung. The mGGNs in the right lung displayed different responses to osimertinib.Conclusions: This case indicated that intropulmonary spread might be coexisted with multicentric origin for mGGNs.
Optimal Genomic Control in Large-scale Genetic Associations for Binary Diseases
Authors: Yang Runqing , Song Yuxin , Jiang Li , Hao Zhiyu , Yang Runqing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Complex computation and approximate solution hinder the application of generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) into genome-wide association studies. We extended GRAMMAR to handle binary diseases by considering genomic breeding values (GBVs) estimated in advance as a known predictor in genomic logit regression, and then controlled polygenic effects by regulating downward genomic heritability. Using simulations and case analyses, we showed in optimizing GRAMMAR, polygenic effects and genomic controls could be evaluated using the fewer sampling markers, which extremely simplified GLMM-based association analysis in large-scale data. In addition, joint analysis for quantitative trait nucleotide (QTN) candidates chosen by multiple testing offered significant improved statistical power to detect QTNs over existing methods.
The effect of pressure on structural, stability, electronic, and optical properties of hydrogenated silicene: A first-principle study
Authors: Kumar V , Santosh R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The structural, electronic, and optical properties of hydrogenated silicene have been studied under different pressures using first-principle calculations. The binding energy and band structure have been calculated for two stable structures: Chair (C-) and Boat (B-) in the range of 0–21 GPa external pressure. The behavior of stability and energy bandgap have been analyzed under different external pressures. The stability has been verified using binding energy and phonon data. The C- and B- structures have zero bandgaps at 21 GPa and become unstable. The optical properties of B-configuration have been studied in the energy range of 0–20 eV. Five optical parameters such as conductivity threshold (σth), dielectric constant ε(0), refractive index n(0), birefringence Δn(0) and plasmon energy (ħωp) have been calculated for the first time under different pressures. The calculated values are in good agreement with the reported values at 0 GPa.
Risk Factors for Acquiring Multi-Drug Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae At A Tertiary Teaching Hospital in China
Authors: Zhang Weidong , Gao Yuan , Huang Shuo , Wu Anhua , fu chenchao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUD To analyze the risk factors for acquiring multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-Kpn). METHODS Data were collected from patients who were admitted into a tertiary teaching hospital in China from January 2018 to October 2020. Sensitive Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kpn) was detected in 82 patients. After a period of treatment, 41 patients were detected with MDR-Kpn, and they were designed as the MDR-Kpn group. Another 41 patients always detected with sensitive Klebsiella pneumoniae were assigned to the sensitive Kpn group. The baseline characteristics and clinical parameters were compared between these two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to determine the risk factors for acquiring MDR-Kpn. RESULTS The proportion of sex, history of smoking and department distribution had no significant differences between these two groups. However, the patients with chronic pulmonary diseases and neurological disorders were more likely to acquire MDR-Kpn. It also showed longer hospital stay before the first detection of multi-drug resistant Kpn in MDR-Kpn group than the hospital stay before the last detection of sensitive-Kpn in sensitive Kpn group. Additionally, days of hospitalization, ICU stay, days of drainage tube use, times of sputum suction, days of foley catheter use, days of vascular catheter use between the twice detection (it represents the time interval between first detection of sensitive-Kpn to first detection of resistant-Kpn in MDR-Kpn group, and also represents the time interval between first detection of sensitive-Kpn to last detection of sensitive-Kpn in sensitive Kpn group), were higher in MDR-Kpn group. The results showed more categories of antimicrobials in patients of acquiring MDR-Kpn, along with more days of using broad-spectrum cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and glycylcyclines, compared to non-transition group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the number of comorbidities, hospital stay before the first detection of multidrug-resistan Kpn (MDR-Kpn group) or last detection of sensitive Kpn (Sensitive group), days of using drainage tube and number of antimicrobial categories between the two detection were independent risk factors of acquiring multidrug-resistance for Kpn. CONCLUSION: The number of comorbidities, the hospital stay, the number of antimicrobial categories, and days of using drainage tube were independent risk factors for acquiring MDR-Kpn.
Behavioural Concerns of Children on the Autism Spectrum and the Impact on Parental Quality of Life
Authors: Islam Raisa , Azim Syeda Ishra , Masi Anne , Klein Louis , Eapen Valsamma 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
PurposeThis study aimed to determine the association between parental quality of life (QoL) and autism severity, child’s cognitive level, adaptive behaviour and behavioural profile, and sociodemographic factors utilising the Quality of Life in Autism Questionnaire (QoLA).MethodsParents of children attending an autism specific preschool centre completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Quality of Life in Autism Questionnaire (QoLA), Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales 2nd edition (VABS) and Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). Trained researchers assessed autism severity with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 (ADOS-2) and the cognitive level with the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL).ResultsFor parents of children on the autism spectrum, having other children without the condition buffered the potential negative effects on parental QoL. Lower levels of autism severity and internalising behaviours, and higher levels of daily living scores predicted greater perceived parental QoL. Parents perceived their child’s autism-specific behaviour as less problematic when the child had higher socialisation scores. While lower levels of Attention Problems, Withdrawn Behaviour and lower scores on the Dysregulation Profile (Externalising Behaviours, Aggressive Behaviour and Anxious/Depressed) predicted greater perceived parental QoL, higher levels of Withdrawn Behaviour, Aggression and Externalising Behaviour predicted poorer perceived parental QoL. There were no significant findings for the relationship between parental QoL and cognitive level.ConclusionThe present research establishes the complex effects of raising a child on the autism spectrum on parental QoL. Findings indicate a child’s autism symptom severity, adaptive functioning and behavioural profile has greater impact on parental QoL than cognitive level.
Seasonal Variations in the Synoptic Climatology of Air Pollution in Birmingham, United Kingdom
Authors: HODGSON EDWARD C , Phillips Ian Douglas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A synoptic typing approach was undertaken to examine the seasonal relationship (winter versus summer) between air mass types and pollutant concentrations of O 3 , PM10, NO x , NO 2 and CO in Birmingham, United Kingdom from 2000 to 2015. Daily means of seven surface meteorological variables were entered into a P-mode principal component analysis. Three principal components explained 72.2% (72.9%) of the variance in winter (summer). Cluster analysis was used to group together days with similar PC scores and thus homogeneous meteorological conditions. Six clusters provided the best air mass classification in both seasons. High pollutant concentrations were associated with anticyclonic types. In particular, tropical (polar) continental air mass type was most likely to produce extremely high concentrations in summer (winter). In winter, a sequence of Polar Continental (cool and humid) and Binary Mid-latitude Anticyclonic Maritime – Sub-Polar Cyclonic Maritime (cold and dry) induced severe pollution episodes in all pollutants. Whilst the mean duration of severe pollution episodes varied little between winter and summer (O 3 was an exception, with severe episodes lasting 20% longer in summer), high pollutant extremes were more common in winter. This was due to more favourable meteorological conditions (e.g., temperature inversions) and increased anthropogenic emissions during the cold season.
The role of partners in promoting self-care for misoprostol and sub-cutaneous DMPA in Pakistan
Authors: Uzma Qudsia , Hamid Nausheen , Chaudhry Rizwana , Mehmood Nadeem , Aabroo Atiya , Thom Ellen Mpangananji , Gholbzouri Karima , Mahaini Ramez Khairi , Hemachandra Nilmini Nilangani 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Pakistan is among countries facing protracted challenges in addressing maternal mortality with concomitant weak healthcare system complexed with inequities. Sexual and reproductive health & rights (SRHR) self-care interventions offer the best solution for improving access to quality healthcare services with efficiency and economy. This manuscript documents country experience in introducing and scaling up two selected SRHR self-care interventions. Prospective qualitative study was used and a semi structured questionnaire was shared with identified SRHR private sector partners selected through convenience and purposive sampling. The two interventions include use of misoprostol for postpartum hemorrhage and use of sub-cutaneous depomedroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) as injectable contraceptive method. Data collection was done through emails and telephonic follow-ups.
Results
Response was received from 9 out of total 13 partners consulted for the study. The two selected self-care interventions are mainly supported by private sector partners (national and international non-governmental organizations) having national or sub-national existence. Their mandates include all relevant areas like policy advocacy, field implementation, trainings, supervision and monitoring. More partners reported experience related to use of misoprostol; it was introduced more than a decade ago, is registered and being procured by both public and private sectors. Sub-cutaneous DMPA being a new intervention, is recently introduced while commodity availability remains a challenge. It is being delivered through health workers/providers and not promoted as self-administered contraceptive. Community engagement and awareness raising is reported as an essential element of successful field implementation, however, no beneficiary data was collected for the study. Training approaches differ a lot, standalone or integrated with SRHR topics and duration varying between 1day to 5 days, covering a range of cadres.
Conclusion
Pubic sector ownership and patronage is essential for introducing and scaling up self-care interventions as a measure to support the healthcare system in delivering quality sexual and reproductive health services. Supervision, monitoring and reporting are areas requiring further support and having leadership and governance role of the public sector. Standardization of trainings, community awareness, supervision, monitoring and reporting is required alongwith integration of self-care in routine capacity building activities (pre and in-service) on sexual and reproductive health in the country.
Video-assisted minimal access surgery for complicated mitral valve endocarditis, tricuspid valve insufficiency and progressive coronary disease after previous CABG - in the time of COVID-19: a case report
Authors: Andrasi Terezia B. , Abudureheman Nunijiati , Glück Alannah , Vondran Maximillian , Talipov Ildar , Rastan Ardawan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The timing for heart surgery following cerebral embolization after cardiac valve vegetation is vital to postoperative recovery being uneventful, additionally Covid-19 may negatively affect the outcome. Minimally invasive methods and upgraded surgical instruments maximize the benefits of surgery also in complex cardiac revision cases with substantial perioperative risk. Case Presentation: A 68 y.o. patient, 10 years after previous sternotomy for OPCAB was referred to cardiac surgery on the 10th postoperative day after neurosurgical intervention with suspected mitral valve endocarditis. Mitral valve vegetation, tricuspid valve insufficiency and coronary stenosis were diagnosed and treated by minimally invasive revision cardiac surgery. Conclusion: The present clinical case demonstrates for the first time that the minimally invasive approach via right anterior mini-thoracotomy can be safely used for concomitant complex mitral valve reconstruction, tricuspid valve repair and aorto-coronary bypass surgery, even as a revision procedure in the presence of florid endocarditis after recent neurosurgical intervention. The Covid-19 pandemic and prophylactic patient isolation slow down the efficacy of pulmonary weaning and mobilisation and prolong the need for ICU treatment, without adversely affecting long-term outcome.
Metadichol®, a Novel Nano Lipid Formulation that Inhibits SARS-COV-2 and a Multitude of Pathological Viruses in vitro
Authors: Raghavan Palayakotai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

New pathogenic virus outbreaks, occurring with increasing regularity, are leading us to explore novel approaches, which will reduce the reliance on time-consuming vaccine modes to halt the outbreaks. The requirement is to find a universal approach to disarm any new and as yet unknown viruses as they appear. A promising approach could be targeting lipid membranes, which are common to all viruses and bacteria.The ongoing pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) has reaffirmed the importance of interactions between components of the host cell plasma membrane and the virus envelope as a critical mechanism of infection. Metadichol®, a nano lipid emulsion, has been examined and shown to be a strong candidate to help stop the proliferation of SARS-COV-2.Naturally derived substances, such as long-chain saturated lipid alcohols, reduce the infectivity of various types of viruses, including coronaviruses such as SARS-COV-2, by modifying lipid-dependent attachment to human host cells. SARS-COV-2 uses the receptor ACE2 for entry and the serine protease TMPRSS2 for S protein priming.Metadichol®, a nano lipid formulation of long-chain alcohols, has been shown to inhibit TMPRSS2 (EC50 96 ng/ml). Compared to the inhibitor Camostat mesylate (CM) which has a EC50 of 26000 ng/ml, it is 270 times more potent. Additionally, Metadichol® is an inhibitor of ACE with an EC 50 of 71 ng/ml but extremely weak inhibitor of ACE2 at 31 µg/ml. Further a live virus assay in Caco2 cells, Metadichol® inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication with an EC90 of 0.16 µg/ml.
Large-Scale Integration of Meta-QTL and Genome-Wide Association Study Discovers the Genomic Regions and Candidate Genes for Yield and Yield-related Traits in Bread Wheat
Authors: Yang Yang , Aduragbemi Amo , Wei Di , Chai Yongmao , Zheng Jie , Qiao Pengfang , Cui Chunge , Lu Shan , Chen Liang , Hu Yin-Gang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Improving yield and yield-related traits are key goals in wheat breeding program. The integration of accumulated wheat genetic resources provides an opportunity to uncover important genomic regions and candidate genes that affect wheat yield. Here, a comprehensive Meta-QTL analysis was conducted on 2230 QTLs of yield-related traits obtained from 119 QTL studies. These QTLs were refined into 145 Meta-QTLs (MQTLs), and 89 MQTLs were verified by GWAS with different natural populations. The average confidence interval (CI) of these MQTLs was 2.92 times less than that of the initial QTLs. Furthermore, 76 core MQTL regions with a physical distance less than 25 Mb were detected. Based on the homology analysis and expression patterns, 237 candidate genes in the MQTLs involved in photoperiod response, grain development, multiple plant growth regulator pathways, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and spike and flower organ development were determined. A novel candidate gene TaKAO-4A was confirmed to be significantly associated with grain size, and a CAPS marker was developed based on its dominant haplotype. In summary, this study clarified a method based on the integration of Meta-QTL, GWAS and homology comparison to reveal the genomic regions and candidate genes that affect important yield-related traits in wheat. This work will help to lay a foundation for the identification, transfer and aggregation of these important QTLs or candidate genes in wheat high-yield breeding.
Design and performance enhancement of a dense wavelength division multiplexing MIMO-FSO systems using DPPM and OOK modulation&nbsp;
Authors: Elsayed Ebrahim E. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we design and analyze the dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) in the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) free-space optical (FSO) communications system using the digital-pulse position modulation (DPPM) and on-off keying (OOK). We show the effects noises, interchannel crosstalk, and atmospheric turbulence for the proposed system in the weak and strong turbulence with the modulation techniques. DWDM channels suffer from the inter-channel crosstalk while the communication performance in an obviously limited by the MIMO-FSO caused by atmospheric scintillation. All Impairments, in addition to noises of the optical amplification which is emerged the amplified spontaneous emission and are likely to be problematic, particularly in the upstream direction, which are investigated, the results obtained a high enough crosstalk ratio can achieve access to high-capacity in a system network safe and human. DPPM is a more power efficient modulation and lower power penalty 0.2 ~ 0.3 dB from the OOK modulation.
The Simulation of the Preparation of the Ingot With Liquid Core
Authors: wu yongqiang , Sun Zhi-ren , Wang Kaikun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
During the preparation of the ingot with liquid core in the early stage, the finite element models of the solidification and the ultra-high temperature demoulding were established in DEFORM-3D. The thermophysical properties of ASSAB 718 with the variations of C, Mn and Cr were calculated in JMatPro®. The material database was imported into DEFORM-3D. Through the analysis of the finite element simulation results, we obtained the influence of three main elements C, Mn and Cr contents on the size of the solid-phase region, the liquid-phase region and the solid-liquid two-phase region in the ingot. We optimized the composition of the material to get a wide solid-liquid phase range. The high carbon, the medium manganese and the high chromium contents were beneficial to form the liquid core. Based on the method of the solidification time, the algorithm was programmed by the python language. We analyzed the influence of the three elements C, Mn, and Cr on the concentration distribution based on the temperature field data, which were obtained by DEFORM-2D after the solidification and the ultra-high temperature demoulding. According to the simulation results, we found that the region prone to negative segregation.