bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Das Somnium
Authors: Schaumberger Thomas , Hofmann Arne 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDas Somnium des TNF‐Turms ist Teil eines 2016 ausgelobten Wettbewerbs, den das Büro Riepl Riepl Architekten für sich entscheiden konnte. Ziel des Wettbewerbs war die Erweiterung und Sanierung sowie der Neubau verschiedener Gebäude des Campus der Johannes Kepler Universität (JKU), um eine Attraktivierung und Modernisierung des gesamten Universitätsgeländes zu erzielen. Neben der Errichtung eines Willkommenszentrums und Veranstaltungsgebäudes (Kepler Hall) und der Um‐ und Neugestaltung der Bibliothek durch eine Aufstockung in ein Learning Center waren auch die Sanierung des TNF‐Turms (Technisch‐Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät) sowie die Errichtung eines begehbaren und für viele nutzbaren Dachgartens, dem sog. Somnium, Bestandteil des Projekts. Der TNF‐Turm ist das mit 49 m höchste Gebäude am Campus der JKU und bietet den besten Ausblick über das Universitätsgelände und auf das umliegende Stadtgebiet. Das Somnium selbst ist eine Erweiterung des bestehenden Gebäudes in Gestalt einer Aussichtsterrasse auf dem Dach des Turms, die durch ein Rankgerüst räumlich gefasst wird. Die schlanke Stahlkonstruktion und ihre Errichtung, der interdisziplinäre Planungsprozess sowie der Umgang mit dem Bestand sollen hier näher beschrieben werden (Bild 1).
Agriculture trade policy measures and geopolitics in major regional trading blocs: Policy advocacy
Authors: Bala Dastagiri Madiga , Naga Sindhuja Padigapati Venkata 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTrading blocs are usually groups of countries in specific regions that manage and endorse trade activities. The present status of agricultural support, tariff, and non‐tariff measures of WTO members has critical issues for debate on trade policy. The study is a quantitative analysis and framework of geopolitical effects of WTO measures on the most significant regional trading blocs and global agriculture. The study found that the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) trading blocs were highly supporting the agricultural sector followed by South Asian Free Trade Area in terms of total support estimates, whereas reverse trends in terms of producer support estimates. North American Free Trade Agreement imposed the highest number of sanitary and phytosanitary measures, technical barriers to trade, anti‐dumping, countervailing, and special safeguards. However, ASEAN trading bloc imposed more number of safeguards and quantitative restrictions. European Free Trade Area and Common Market of the South, South American Regional Economic Organization trading blocs imposed higher tariff rate quotas and export subsidies, respectively. India gave more price advantage to domestic goods. The United States and the European Union imposed higher tariffs on both agriculture and non‐agriculture sectors. Globally, most of the countries' Agricultural Orientation Index (AOI) has less than unity indicating not giving priority to agriculture in budget allocation except for South Korea and Switzerland. These findings will have significant impact on world trade negotiations, world trading rules, designing WTO agreements or policies or programs, multilateral agreements.
Maßnahmen zur Bewältigung der COVID-19-Pandemie in Deutschland: nichtpharmakologische und pharmakologische Ansätze
Authors: Grote Ulrike , Arvand Mardjan , Brinkwirth Simon , Brunke Melanie , Buchholz Udo , Eckmanns Tim , von Kleist Max , Niebank Michaela , Ruehe Bettina , Schulze Kai , Stoliaroff-Pépin Anna , Thanheiser Marc , Schaade Lars , Said Dunja , Haas Walter 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungBeim ersten Auftreten des Erregers SARS-CoV‑2 im Dezember 2019 standen weder spezifische therapeutische Möglichkeiten noch ein Impfstoff zur Verfügung. Auch in Deutschland rückten deshalb nichtpharmakologische Maßnahmen zur Kontrolle der COVID-19-Pandemie in den Vordergrund. Am Robert Koch-Institut wurde eine Multikomponentenstrategie aus bevölkerungsbasierten und individuellen infektionshygienischen Maßnahmen entwickelt, die auf bestehenden Influenzapandemieplänen und generischen Planungen aufbaute. Der Beitrag erläutert die empfohlenen nichtpharmakologischen Maßnahmen und stellt die parallel entwickelten pharmakologischen Ansätze dar.Zu den bevölkerungsbasierten Maßnahmen gehören u. a. allgemeine Kontaktbeschränkungen, die Versorgung mit Materialien für den Infektionsschutz, Veranstaltungsverbote, die Schließung von Bildungseinrichtungen und die Beschränkung des Reiseverkehrs. Zusätzlich sind individuelle infektionshygienische Maßnahmen notwendig: z. B. Einhaltung eines Mindestabstands, Reduktion von Kontakten, Tragen einer Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung sowie Einhaltung von Quarantäne und Isolierung. Die Maßnahmen im Gesundheitswesen bauen auf Empfehlungen der Kommission für Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionsprävention (KRINKO) auf und werden von den Fachgesellschaften spezifiziert und implementiert. Als pharmakologische Maßnahmen stehen mit Stand November 2020 eine antivirale Therapie mit Remdesivir und die Behandlung mit dem Glucocorticoid Dexamethason zur Verfügung. Monoklonale Antikörper sind zu diesem Zeitpunkt noch nicht zugelassen. Die therapeutische Antikoagulation wird empfohlen.Die Empfehlungen werden kontinuierlich an die wachsende Kenntnis der Eigenschaften und Übertragungswege des Erregers angepasst. Eine große Herausforderung besteht darin, das Vertrauen der Bevölkerung in die empfohlenen Maßnahmen zu stärken. Viele Maßnahmen müssen individuell angewandt werden, um gemeinsam zu wirken.
Stripe rust resistance gene Yr34 (synonym Yr48) is located within a distal translocation of Triticum monococcum chromosome 5AmL into common wheat
Authors: Chen Shisheng , Hegarty Joshua , Shen Tao , Hua Lei , Li Hongna , Luo Jing , Li Hongyu , Bai Shengsheng , Zhang Chaozhong , Dubcovsky Jorge 
Published: March 2021

AbstractKey messageThe stripe rust resistance geneYr34 was transferred to polyploid wheat chromosome 5AL from T. monococcumand has been used for over two centuries.Wheat stripe (or yellow) rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is currently among the most damaging fungal diseases of wheat worldwide. In this study, we report that the stripe rust resistance gene Yr34 (synonym Yr48) is located within a distal segment of the cultivated Triticum monococcum subsp. monococcum chromosome 5AmL translocated to chromosome 5AL in polyploid wheat. The diploid wheat species Triticum monococcum (genome AmAm) is closely related to T. urartu (donor of the A genome to polyploid wheat) and has good levels of resistance against the stripe rust pathogen. When present in hexaploid wheat, the T. monococcum Yr34 resistance gene confers a moderate level of resistance against virulent Pst races present in California and the virulent Chinese race CYR34. In a survey of 1,442 common wheat genotypes, we identified 5AmL translocations of fourteen different lengths in 17.5% of the accessions, with higher frequencies in Europe than in other continents. The old European wheat variety “Mediterranean” was identified as a putative source of this translocation, suggesting that Yr34 has been used for over 200 years. Finally, we designed diagnostic CAPS and sequenced-based markers that will be useful to accelerate the deployment of Yr34 in wheat breeding programs to improve resistance to this devastating pathogen.
Physiology, pathophysiology and (mal)adaptations to chronic apnoeic training: a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Elia Antonis , Gennser M. , Harlow P. S. , Lees Matthew J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBreath-hold diving is an activity that humans have engaged in since antiquity to forage for resources, provide sustenance and to support military campaigns. In modern times, breath-hold diving continues to gain popularity and recognition as both a competitive and recreational sport. The continued progression of world records is somewhat remarkable, particularly given the extreme hypoxaemic and hypercapnic conditions, and hydrostatic pressures these athletes endure. However, there is abundant literature to suggest a large inter-individual variation in the apnoeic capabilities that is thus far not fully understood. In this review, we explore developments in apnoea physiology and delineate the traits and mechanisms that potentially underpin this variation. In addition, we sought to highlight the physiological (mal)adaptations associated with consistent breath-hold training. Breath-hold divers (BHDs) are evidenced to exhibit a more pronounced diving-response than non-divers, while elite BHDs (EBHDs) also display beneficial adaptations in both blood and skeletal muscle. Importantly, these physiological characteristics are documented to be primarily influenced by training-induced stimuli. BHDs are exposed to unique physiological and environmental stressors, and as such possess an ability to withstand acute cerebrovascular and neuronal strains. Whether these characteristics are also a result of training-induced adaptations or genetic predisposition is less certain. Although the long-term effects of regular breath-hold diving activity are yet to be holistically established, preliminary evidence has posed considerations for cognitive, neurological, renal and bone health in BHDs. These areas should be explored further in longitudinal studies to more confidently ascertain the long-term health implications of extreme breath-holding activity.
The habenula-targeting neurons in the mouse entopeduncular nucleus contain not only somatostatin-positive neurons but also nitric oxide synthase-positive neurons
Authors: Miyamoto Yuta , Fukuda Takaichi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) in rodents is one of the two major output nuclei of the basal ganglia and corresponds to the internal segment of the globus pallidus in primates. Previous studies have shown that the EPN contains three types of neurons that project to different targets, namely, parvalbumin (PV)-, somatostatin (SOM)-, and choline acetyltransferase-positive neurons. However, we have recently reported that neurons lacking immunoreactivities for these substances are present in the EPN. Here, we demonstrate that 27.7% of all EPN neurons showed immunoreactivity for nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Among them, NOS-only positive and NOS/SOM double-positive neurons accounted for 20.1% and 6.8%, respectively, whereas NOS/PV double-positive neurons were rarely observed. NOS-containing neurons were distributed in a shell region surrounding the thalamus-targeting, PV-rich core region of the EPN, especially in the ventromedial part of the shell. The retrograde tracer fluoro-gold (FG) was injected into several target regions of EPN neurons. Among FG-labeled EPN neurons after injection into the lateral habenula (LHb), NOS-only positive, NOS/SOM double-positive, and SOM-only positive neurons accounted for 25.7%, 15.2%, and 59.1%, respectively. We conclude that NOS-positive neurons are the second major population of LHb-targeting EPN neurons, suggesting their possible involvement in behaviors in response to aversive stimuli.
Differential outcomes of novel plant-herbivore associations between an invading planthopper and native and invasive Spartina cordgrass species
Authors: Harkin Claire , Stewart Alan J. A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNon-native plants may benefit, briefly or permanently, from natural enemy release in their invaded range, or may form novel interactions with native enemy species. Likewise, newly arrived herbivores may develop novel associations with native plants or, where their hosts have arrived ahead of them, re-establish interactions that existed previously in their ancestral ranges. Predicting outcomes from this diversity of novel and re-established interactions between plants and their herbivores presents a major challenge for invasion biology. We report on interactions between the recently arrived invasive planthopperProkelisia marginata, and the multi-ploidySpartinacomplex of four native and introduced species in Britain, each representing a different level of shared evolutionary history with the herbivore. As predicted,S. alterniflora, the ancestral host, was least impacted by planthopper herbivory, with the previously unexposed nativeS. maritima, a nationally threatened species, suffering the greatest impacts on leaf length gain, new leaf growth and relative water content. Contrary to expectations, glasshouse trials showedP. marginatato preferentially oviposit on the invasive allododecaploidS. anglica, on which it achieved earlier egg hatch, faster nymphal development, larger female body size and greatest final population size. We suggestP. marginatais in the process of rapid adaptation to maximise its performance on what is now the most abundant and widespread host in Britain. The diversity of novel and re-established interactions of the herbivore with this multi-ploidy complex makes this a highly valuable system for the study of the evolutionary ecology of plant–insect interactions and their influence on invasion dynamics.
Technical feasibility and short-term outcomes of laparoscopic isolated caudate lobe resection: an IgoMILS (Italian Group of Minimally Invasive Liver Surgery) registry-based study
Authors: Ruzzenente Andrea , Ciangherotti Andrea , Aldrighetti Luca , Ettorre Giuseppe Maria , De Carlis Luciano , Ferrero Alessandro , Dalla Valle Raffaele , Tisone Giuseppe , Guglielmi Alfredo ,   The IgoMILS – Sg1 Group, Ratti Francesca , Gringeri Enrico , Russolillo Nadia , Campagnaro Tommaso , Conci Simone , Sandri Giovanni Battista. Levi , Ardito Francesco , Boggi Ugo , Gruttadauria Salvatore , Viganò Luca , Di Benedetto Fabrizio , Rossi Giogio Ettore. , Berti Stefano , Ceccarelli Graziano , Vincenti Leonardo , Cillo Umberto , Giuliante Felice , Mazzaferro Vincenzo , Jovine Elio , Calise Fulvio , Belli Giulio , Zamboni Fausto , Coratti Andrea , Mezzatesta Pietro , Santambrogio Roberto , Navarra Giuseppe , Giuliani Antonio , Ferla Fabio , Pinna Antonio Domenico. , Parisi Amilcare , Colledan Michele , Slim Abdallah , Antonucci Adelmo , Grazi Gian Luca , Frena Antonio , Sgroi Giovanni , Brolese Alberto , Morelli Luca , Floridi Antonio , Patriti Alberto , Veneroni Luigi , Boni Luigi , Maida Piero , Griseri Guido , Filauro Marco , Guerriero Silvio , Romito Raffaele , Tedeschi Umberto , Zimmitti Giuseppe 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Although isolated caudate lobe (CL) liver resection is not a contraindication for minimally invasive liver surgery (MILS), feasibility and safety of the procedure are still poorly investigated. To address this gap, we evaluate data on the Italian prospective maintained database on laparoscopic liver surgery (IgoMILS) and compare outcomes between MILS and open group.

Methods
Perioperative data of patients with malignancies, as colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), non-colorectal liver metastases (NCRLM) and benign liver disease, were retrospectively analyzed. A propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to balance the potential selection bias for MILS and open group.

Results
A total of 224 patients were included in the study, 47 and 177 patients underwent MILS and open isolated CL resection, respectively. The overall complication rate was comparable between the two groups; however, severe complication rate (Dindo–Clavien grade ≥ 3) was lower in the MILS group (0% versus 6.8%, P = ns). In-hospital mortality was 0% in both groups and mean hospital stay was significantly shorter in the MILS group (P = 0.01). After selection of 42 MILS and 43 open CL resections by PSM analysis, intraoperative and postoperative outcomes remained similar except for the hospital stay which was not significantly shorter in MILS group.

Conclusions
This multi-institutional cohort study shows that MILS CL resection is feasible and safe. The surgical procedure can be technically demanding compared to open resection, whereas good perioperative outcomes can be achieved in highly selected patients.
Evidence for human diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Marfella Raffaele , Sardu Celestino , Mansueto Gelsomina , Napoli Claudio , Paolisso Giuseppe 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGrowing interest has been accumulated in the definition of worsening effects of diabetes in the cardiovascular system. This is associated with epidemiological data regarding the high incidence of heart failure (HF) in diabetic patients. To investigate the detrimental effects both of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, a lot of preclinical models were developed. However, the evidence of pathogenic and histological alterations of the so-called diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is still poorly understood in humans. Here, we provide a stringent literature analysis to investigate unique data regarding human DCM. This approach established that lipotoxic-related events might play a central role in the initiation and progression of human DCM. The major limitation in the acquisition of human data is due to the fact of heart specimen availability. Postmortem analysis revealed the end stage of the disease; thus, we need to gain knowledge on the pathogenic events from the early stages until cardiac fibrosis underlying the end-stage HF.
Congruence and trajectories of device-measured and self-reported physical activity during therapy for early breast cancer
Authors: Helbrich H. , Braun M. , Hanusch C. , Mueller G. , Falk H. , Flondor R. , Harbeck N. , Hermelink K. , Wuerstlein R. , Keim S. , Neufeld F. , Steins-Loeber S. , Haertl K. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This study examines congruence between self-reported and device-measured physical activity data in women with early breast cancer and compares trajectories under different treatments.

Methods
Women with non-metastatic breast cancer were recruited before primary therapy. In four weeks distributed over six months after treatment start, patients reported time spent on work, transport, chores and sports via diary and wore Garmin® vivofit 3 accelerometers to assess steps taken. Associations between these measures and agreement regarding guideline adherence were tested with Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient and Weighted Kappa statistic. Effects of time and treatment were evaluated using mixed analyses of variance.

Results
Ninety-nine participants (median age = 50) were treated with adjuvant (N= 23), neoadjuvant (N= 21) or without chemotherapy (N= 55). Coherence between self-report and device data was strong (r = 0.566). Agreement about reaching recommendations was only “fair” (kappa coefficient = 0.321 and 0.249, resp.). Neither treatment or week nor their interaction had effects on step counts (all p > 0.05). Self-reported activity time was lower for patients with chemotherapy than for those without (adjuvant: ∆ = 69min, p= 0.006, neoadjuvant: ∆ = 45min, p= 0.038) and lower in week 18 than in week 3 (∆ = 43min, p= 0.010).

Conclusion
Results show that consumer-grade activity monitors and self-reports correlate but show different perspectives on physical activity in breast cancer patients. In general, patients perceive some decline regardless of primary treatment regimen. Those affected should be offered assistance to gain the benefits of activity. Accelerometers may help professionals to identify these individuals and patients to verify appraisal of their activity levels.
Myocardial deformation in patients with a single left ventricle using 2D cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking: a case–control study
Authors: Strodka Fabian , Logoteta Jana , Schuwerk Roman , Salehi Ravesh Mona , Gabbert Dominik Daniel , Uebing Anselm Sebastian , Krupickova Sylvia , Voges Inga 
Published: March 2021

AbstractVentricular dysfunction is a well-known complication in single ventricle patients in Fontan circulation. As studies exclusively examining patients with a single left ventricle (SLV) are sparse, we assessed left ventricular (LV) function in SLV patients by using 2D-cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) feature tracking (2D-CMR-FT) and 2D-speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE). 54 SLV patients (11.4, 3.1–38.1 years) and 35 age-matched controls (12.3, 6.3–25.8 years) were included. LV global longitudinal, circumferential and radial strain (GLS, GCS, GRS) and strain rate (GLSR, GCSR, GRSR) were measured using 2D-CMR-FT. LV volumes, ejection fraction (LVEF) and mass were determined from short axis images. 2D-STE was applied in patients to measure peak systolic GLS and GLSR. In a subgroup analysis, we compared double inlet left ventricle (DILV) with tricuspid atresia (TA) patients. The population consisted of 19 DILV patients, 24 TA patients and 11 patients with diverse diagnoses. 52 patients were in NYHA class I and 2 patients were in class II. Most SLV patients had a normal systolic function but median LVEF in patients was lower compared to controls (55.6% vs. 61.2%, p = 0.0001). 2D-CMR-FT demonstrated reduced GLS, GCS and GCSR values in patients compared to controls. LVEF correlated with GS values in patients (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between GLS values from 2D-CMR-FT and 2D-STE in the patient group. LVEF, LV volumes, GS and GSR (from 2D-CMR-FT) were not significantly different between DILV and TA patients. Although most SLV patients had a preserved EF derived by CMR, our results suggest that, LV deformation and function may behave differently in SLV patients compared to healthy subjects.
New methods for local vulnerability scenarios to heat stress to inform urban planning—case study City of Ludwigsburg/Germany
Authors: Birkmann Jörn , Sauter Holger , Garschagen Matthias , Fleischhauer Mark , Puntub Wiriya , Klose Charlotte , Burkhardt Albrecht , Göttsche Franziska , Laranjeira Kevin , Müller Julia , Büter Björn 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAdaptation strategies to climate change need information about present and future climatic conditions. However, next to scenarios about the future climate, scenarios about future vulnerability are essential, since also changing societal conditions fundamentally determine adaptation needs. At the international and national level, first initiatives for developing vulnerability scenarios and so-called shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) have been undertaken. Most of these scenarios, however, do not provide sufficient information for local scenarios and local climate risk management. There is an urgent need to develop scenarios for vulnerability at the local scale in order to complement climate change scenarios. Heat stress is seen as a key challenge in cities in the context of climate change and further urban growth. Based on the research project ZURES (ZURES 2020 website), the paper presents a new method for human vulnerability scenarios to heat stress at the very local scale for growing medium-sized cities. In contrast to global models that outline future scenarios mostly with a country-level resolution, we show a new method on how to develop spatially specific scenario information for different districts within cities, starting from the planned urban development and expansion. The method provides a new opportunity to explore how different urban development strategies and housing policies influence future human exposure and vulnerability. Opportunities and constraints of the approach are revealed. Finally, we discuss how these scenarios can inform future urban development and risk management strategies and how these could complement more global or national approaches.