bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of patients in platform C19, a COVID-19 research database combining primary care electronic health record and patient reported information
Authors: Stanley Brooklyn , Davis Andrew , Jones Rupert , Julious Steven , Ryan Dermot , Jackson David , Halpin David , Pinnock Hilary , Quint Jennifer , Khunti Kamlesh , Heaney Liam , Oliver Philip , Siddiqui Salman , Kemppinen Anu , Appiagyei Francis , Roberts Emma-Jane , Hardjojo Antony , Carter Victoria , Melle Marije van , Price David ,   on behalf of the Platform C19 committee
Published: October 2021

Background
Data to better understand and manage the COVID-19 pandemic is urgently needed. However, there are gaps in information stored within even the best routinely-collected electronic health records (EHR) including test results, remote consultations for suspected COVID-19, shielding, physical activity, mental health, and undiagnosed or untested COVID-19 patients. Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute (OPRI) Singapore and Optimum Patient Care (OPC) UK established Platform C19, a research database combining EHR data and bespoke patient questionnaire. We describe the demographics, clinical characteristics, patient behavior, and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic using data within Platform C19.

Methods
EHR data from Platform C19 were extracted from 14 practices across UK participating in the OPC COVID-19 Quality Improvement program on a continuous, monthly basis. Starting 7th August 2020, consenting patients aged 18–85 years were invited in waves to fill an online questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were summarized using all data available up to 22nd January 2021.

Findings
From 129,978 invitees, 31,033 responded. Respondents were predominantly female (59.6%), white (93.5%), and current or ex-smokers (52.6%). Testing for COVID-19 was received by 23.8% of respondents, of which 7.9% received positive results. COVID-19 symptoms lasted ≥4 weeks in 19.5% of COVID-19 positive respondents. Up to 39% respondents reported a negative impact on questions regarding their mental health. Most (67%-76%) respondents with asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), diabetes, heart, or kidney disease reported no change in the condition of their diseases.

Interpretation
Platform C19 will enable research on key questions relating to COVID-19 pandemic not possible using EHR data alone.
BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FRUITS OF SOME REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENUS SORBUS L. IN COL-LECTION OF THE SOUTH-URAL BOTANICAL GARDEN
Authors: Abdullina Rimma Galimzyanovna , Pupykina Kira Aleksandrovna , Denisova Светлана Галимулловна , Pupykina Viktoriya Viktorovna 
Published: October 2021

Mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) is a valuable medicinal and food plant that is widely used in practical medicine and in amateur horticulture.
The purpose of this study was to determine the content of ascorbic acid, organic acids, tanning substances and flavonoids in the fruits of some representatives of the Sorbus genus of the collection of the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute and to identify the most promising taxa. For analysis, fruits were collected in the full ripening phase and dried to air-dry state. Phytochemical studies were carried out according to conventional methods. The object of comparison was the official pharmacopoeia species – Sorbus aucuparia.
Analysis of the obtained data found that the fruits × Sorbocotoneaster pozdnijkovii and Sorbus sibirica outperformed the natural form (Sorbus aucuparia) in terms of ascorbic acid content by 11.54 and 43.27%; Organic acids by 24.11 and 60.84%; Tanning substances by 3.49 and 43.23%; Flavonoids by 44.19 and 12.79%, respectively. The obtained results allow to recommend these taxa as promising sources of raw materials for production of biologically active substances in production of natural food products and food additives.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SEEDS OF PLANTS LUPINUS ANGUSTIFOLIUS L. AND LUPINUS ALBUS L. OF THE KALININGRAD REGION
Authors: Agafonova Svetlana Viktorovna , Rykov Artem Igorevich 
Published: October 2021

The aim of the work was to study the chemical composition of seeds of plants Lupinus albus L., Lupinus angustifolius L., growing in the Kaliningrad region. Lupin is a promising crop due to the high content of biologically valuable protein in its seeds, as well as minerals, unsaturated fatty acids, water - and fat-soluble biologically active substances. The paper considers the amino acid, mineral, and fatty acid composition of seeds, presents data on the content of water-soluble vitamins in them, and shows the component composition of chloroform extracts of seeds.
The total number of amino acids (47.72±0.37 and 38.655±0.32%, respectively) was found in the seeds of narrow-leaved and white lupine, and a high content of glutamic acid and asparagine was found. The macronutrient composition, which is dominated by potassium, phosphorus and calcium, was studied. Among the microelements of seeds, manganese, iron, zinc and silicon predominate. A particularly high content of manganese in white lupin seeds (192.14±1.67 mg per 100 g) was noted. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of lupin seed oils showed a high degree of unsaturation with a high content of oleic and linoleic acids. Both types of lupine contain thiamine, pyridoxine, and niacin, while white lupine seeds also contain Pantothenic and folic acids. Сhromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the fraction isolated by chloroform from lupine seeds showed the presence of substances of the terpenes class (farnesene, neofitadiene, γ-tocopherol) and steriodic alcohols (campesterol, β-sitosterol).
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR PRODUCTION OF SUBSTANCE SILECBINE ON THE BASIS OF EC-DYSTEROIDS OF THE AERIAL PARTS OF SILENE BRAHUICA
Authors: Khalilov Ravshanjon Muratjanovich , Yakubova Mohira Rakhimovna 
Published: October 2021

The process extraction of ecdysterone from the aerial parts of Silene brahuica was studied. On the basis results research, the following extraction conditions were established: extractant – 90% ethanol, particle size of raw material – no more than 5 mm and process temperature – 20–30 °C. A five-fold extraction of ecdysterone from the aerial parts of Silene brahuica is proposed. To purify of the extract, a sequential liquid-liquid extraction is proposed, according to which the concentrated extract is diluted with water and treated three times with extraction petrol to remove hydrophobic impurities, then extracted six times with butanol to remove hydrophilic impurities. For effective drying of the silekbin substance, a filler was used, as which microcrystalline cellulose was selected in a mass ratio of 1 : 2 to the dry residue of the dried water solution. The technology of obtaining the substance of the adaptogenic and immunostimulating drug "Silekbin" from the aerial parts of Silene brahuica, which is tested on semi-industrial installations of the Pilot production of the Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, has been developed.
Struktur Morfoanatomi Bunga, Daun dan Akar Salak Pondoh (Salacca edulis Reinw.) pada Beberapa Daerah di Kabupaten Magelang
Authors: Prihastanti Erma , Haryanti Sri 
Published: October 2021

Salak merupakan tanaman buah asli dari Indonesia. Varietas salak juga berbagai macam, salah satunya adalah salak pondok yang terkenal komoditas unggul dari DI Yogyakarta dan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), dengan satu faktor yaitu: lokasi pengamatan yang berbeda. Lokasi atau daerah tersebut adalah Salamsari, Ngablak, dan Banyuadem. Ketiga daerah tersebut berada di Kabupaten Magelang, Jawa Tengah, dimana secara geografis terletak dekat DIY yang terkenal dengan salak pondohnya. Parameter yang digunakan adalah jumlah tangkai, jumlah tandan, keliling bunga dan buah, panjang bunga, serta ukuran stomata. Selain itu, diamati juga anatomi akar tanaman salak pondoh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan morfologi bunga dan anatomi akar salak pondoh pada daerah yang berbeda di Kabupaten Magelang. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapatnya perbedaan nyata pada morfologi bunga maupun ukuran stomata yang diamati. Sedangkan, anatomi akar berbeda pada susunan sel korteks pada lahan recovery lebih rapat dan beraturan dan pada lahan unrecovery, susunan sel korteks akar lebih tidak beraturan dan banyak rongga udara. Kata kunci : keliling bunga, salak, tandan
Efek Serbuk Kunyit dan Kurkumin Terhadap Status Darah (Mus musculus L.) yang Diberi Minuman Beralkohol (Ciu)
Authors: Nazila Fajriyah Rizki , Saraswati Tyas Rini , Tana Silvana 
Published: October 2021

Kurkumin dalam kunyit mengandung atioksidan yang berpotensi memperbaiki gangguan eritropoiesis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh serbuk kunyit dan kurkumin terhadap status darah mencit (Mus musculus L.) yang diberi minuman beralkohol (ciu). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan 20 ekor mencit jantan berbobot seragam yaitu 0.03 kg, dibagi ke dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan dan 5 kali ulangan. R0 merupakan kontrol, R1 hanya diberi alkohol (ciu), R2 mencit yang telah diberikan alkohol (ciu) kemudian diberi serbuk kunyit, R3 mencit yang telah diberi alkohol (ciu) kemudian diberi serbuk kurkumin. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji ANNOVA, dilanjutkan uji Duncan pada taraf signifikasi 95%. Hasil penelitian berbeda nyata (P<0.05) pada bobot badan dan tidak berbeda nyata (P>0.05) terhadap jumlah eritrosit dan kadar hemoglobin. Berdasarkan penelitian pemberian serbuk kunyit 0.1 g dan serbuk kurkumin 0.01 g belum mampu meningkatkan bobot badan, jumlah eritrosit dan kadar hemoglobin. akan tetapi berpotensi memperbaiki fungsi fisiologis dan metabolisme mencit.Kata kunci: Ciu, Mus musculus L., bobot badan, jumlah leukosit, kadar hemoglobin
Mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics of rotary friction welded dissimilar joints of rolled homogeneous armor steel and medium carbon steel
Authors: Karthick K. , Malarvizhi S. , Balasubramanian V. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Distinct materials are used for the construction of battle tanks used in defense sectors. The hull and turret of the battle tanks are made up of rolled homogeneous armor steel (also known as armor steel). The inner portions like the driver cabin and control room are covered with medium carbon steel. Hence, the dissimilar joint between these materials is unavoidable in the battle tank construction. Conventional fusion welding processes like manual metal arc welding, gas metal arc welding, and gas tungsten arc welding are preferred to join the dissimilar metals. However, the high heat input nature of these processes will create hydrogen induced cracking, high residual tensile strain, and HAZ softening, etc. To minimize these issues, solid state welding processes were adopted. In the present study, mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics of rotary friction welded dissimilar joint of armor steel and medium carbon steel was analyzed. The ultimate tensile strength of the dissimilar joint is around 775 MPa and the failure occurred at the medium carbon steel side. The impact toughness value of dissimilar joints is higher than medium carbon steel and lower than armor steel. The microstructure across the dissimilar joint has distinct features and a complex pattern was observed at the weld interface.
Similarities and Differences Between Italian Early Neolithic Groups: The Role of Personal Ornaments
Authors: Micheli Roberto 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Early Neolithic is an interesting period for observing the changes that took place in material culture and also in the ideology that influenced the production of personal ornaments. Objects of adornment are useful for understanding how past peoples differentiated themselves on the basis of gender, age, or group affiliation. The Early Neolithic in Italy developed throughout the entire sixth millennium cal. BC, during which the first farming communities settled in the Italian peninsula and islands, with diverse Neolithic groups related to wider-ranging cultural spheres. Early Neolithic ornaments were mainly ring bracelets, manufactured beads and perforated shells or teeth. Through their choice and the raw materials used for their production, individuals and groups emphasized their diverse identities based on shared traditions. Focusing on some of the more significant sites, this article considers similarities and differences in forms and raw materials employed for ornaments by different Early Neolithic groups and how these could have been useful attributes to emphasise identities and in particular the membership of particular social or cultural groups.
CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT OF RAGWEED POLLINOSIS IN THE SAMARA REGION
Authors: Zhukova N. N. , Manzhos M. V. , Khabibulina L. R. , Syrtsova E. Yu. 
Published: October 2021

Allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma are widespread respiratory allergic diseases. In some territories of the Russian Federation, the dominant cause of pollinosis is ragweed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological efficacy of ASIT with the allergen Ambrosia artemisiifolia in patients sensitized to Ambrosia trifida in the Samara region. Patients with proven sensitization to Ambrosia trifida was held immunotherapy with Ambrosia artemisiifolia allergoid preseason. After treatment, patients had a decrease in the severity of symptoms of allergic rhinitis according to VAS (p = 0.00001), a decrease in the need for medications (p = 0.0003), as well as the need for corticosteroids against the background of therapy from 34.6% to 0% (p = 0.00001). In 8% of cases, the result of treatment was good, in 69% satisfactory, in 23% unsatisfactory. In the control group, there were no changes in the severity of symptoms (p = 0.858). Also, in the control group, the need for medications remained unchanged and 14.3% of patients continued to use corticosteroids.After ASIT, there was a decrease in the level of IL-4 (p = 0.002), and a decrease in the ratio of IL-4/ IL-10 (p = 0.0063); at the same time, changes in the level of other cytokines (IL-10; IFNγ) were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Before treatment, the levels of IL-4/ IL-10 in both groups were comparable, and after treatment, the differences became statistically significant (p = 0.031). We did not get a statistically significant change in the level of IgG4 Amb a 1 or IgG4 Amb trifida. There was no correlation between the level of individual cytokines and the results of treatment. As a result of the conducted ASIT, positive clinical and immunological results were obtained. In most patients, the disease has acquired a controlled course. At the same time, the lack of excellent and low number of good results of ASIT is probably due to the intraspecific allergenic properties of ragweed.
CHARACTERIZATION OF CENTRAL AND EFFECTOR CD4⁺ MEMORY CELLS IN PSORIASIS
Authors: Kolerova A. V. , Mikailova D. A. , Beimanova M. A. , Blinova E. A. 
Published: October 2021

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the skin and joints are involved in the pathological process. It was found that the recurrence of rashes in this disease occurs due to the resident memory cells of the skin. The number of CD4+CCR3+ effector memory cells in peripheral blood correlates with the severity of the disease. Therefore, the aim of our work is to study the phenotype of peripheral blood memory cells in patients with psoriasis.The study included 6 healthy donors: average age – 45.4 (min – 29, max – 55), women – 3, men – 3; 10 patients with psoriasis: women – 4, men – 6, average age – 37.3 (min – 23, max – 57), of which 5 patients with PASI > 10 and 5 patients with PASI < 10. The exclusion criteria for the study were the presence of autoimmune, oncological and hematological diseases, systemic therapy with immunosuppressive drugs for 1 month. Patients signed informed consent to participate in the study. Isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was performed in a density gradient of ficoll-urographin (p = 1.082 g/L). Then cells were stained with fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibodies to surface markers of central (Tcm) and effector (Tem) CD4+ memory cells (CD4, CD45RO, CD197), the α-chain of the IL-7 receptor (CD127), and the γ-chain of the IL-7 receptor (CD132). Statistical analysis of the data obtained was performed using the Statistica 6.0 software package.The percent of Tcm in the peripheral blood of donors was 33.4% (in – 18.2, max – 43.7), Tem – 28.7% (min – 13.6, max – 38.9), in patients with psoriasis: Tcm – 28.65% (min – 13.3, max – 59.6), Tem – 21.5% (min – 9.3, max – 38.6). In the peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis, among the central CD4+ memory cells, the proportion of CD127+CD132- -cells is 26.00%, CD127+CD132+ – 1.69%, CD127+CD132- – 69.00%, CD127- CD132+ – 1.94%. Among effector CD4+ memory cells, the proportion of CD127+CD132- -cells is 23.58%, CD127+CD132+ – 1.18%, CD127+CD132- – 69.84%, CD127- CD132+ – 0.70%. A direct correlation was found between the number of CD127- CD132+ central memory cells and the PASI value (r = 0.639, p < 0.05).In patients with psoriasis, the proportion of central memory cells is higher than in healthy donors, while the number of effector memory cells is lower. A direct correlation was found between the number of central cells expressing the γ-chain of the IL-7 receptor and the severity of the disease. Activated memory cells are characterized by high expression of CD132. It can be assumed that this population of memory cells plays a role in maintaining autoimmune inflammation in patients with this disease, and also participates in the repopulation of skin resident memory cells.
FATTY ACID RECEPTOR GPR84 AND Th1/Th2 BALANCE IN THE EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM IN VIVO
Authors: Demchenko E. N. , Gavrilova E. D. , Goiman E. V. , Volckiy N. N. 
Published: October 2021

While conducting numerous studies, including researchers in our laboratory, it was found that Th1/Th2 balance plays an essential role in the regulation of reactions that determine the outcomes of immunopathological processes in both chronic and acute GVHD models. However, the question about activity of which element in the regulatory process during GVHD induction (for example, a receptor or an enzyme) affects the ratio of this balance depends remains open. It has been suggested that the degree of activation of the GPR84 receptor during GVHD induction can significantly affect the host Th1/Th2 balance. And, by assessing this parameter, the direction of development and the intensity of the pathological process can be determined. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of ligands such as medium-chain fatty acid receptor GPR84 on the Th1/Th2 balance in an experimental model in an in vivo system.Female DBA/2 and hybrids (C57Bl/6 × DBA/2) F1 mouse strains were used in the experiments.The studied ligands of GPR84 were capric and lauric acids, as well as a synthetic ligand 6-OAU. Chronic GVHD in the semi-allogenic system was induced by injecting splenocytes from DBA/2 mice to B6D2F1 hybrid mice: 60-70 × 106 -cells iv twice with an interval of 6 days. The first administration of the GPR84 ligands was performed one hour after the donor cell transfer and then once a day for two weeks.The effect of the study drugs on the course of chronic GVHD was assessed three months after the onset of the experiment.It was shown that the administration of GPR84 ligands to to animals during the induction of chronic GVHD affects the activity of the receptor and the host Th1/Th2 ratio. In the group with the injection of 6-OAU, the number of animals which the immunopathological process developed according to the Th1-dependent variant increased by more than 1.5-fold, compared with the control group. This fact is consistent with the literature data obtained in the in vitro system. Apparently, the effect of a mixture of capric and lauric acids is mediated by some other mechanism, differed from the GPR84 activation. Therefore, further research is required to realize the promising possibility of adjusting immune responses by including certain fatty acids in the diet.
INFLUENCE OF RENAL DYSFUNCTION ON THE LEVEL OF SERUM ANGIOPOIETIN-LIKE PROTEINS AND ANTI-PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODIES IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: Aleksandrov V. A. , Shilova L. N. , Aleksandrov A. V. , Aleksandrova N. V. , Zborovskaya I. A. 
Published: October 2021

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a frequent background for the development of renal pathology. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is determined in more than 30% of patients with RA. Along with inflammation and other factors in the progression of the underlying disease, the development of renal damage in RA is facilitated by the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS).The aim of this study is to assess the relationship of serum concentrations of angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTL) and antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) with the development of renal dysfunction in patients with RA.We examined 158 patients with RA (91.8% – women and 8.2% – men) aged 21 to 80 years old and an average duration of the disease – 9 (4-15) years. The majority of patients were seropositive for rheumatoid factor and for antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide, with an advanced clinical stage and moderate activity (3.2 < DAS28 ≤ 5.1) of the pathological process.The ELISA test was used for the quantitative determination of angiopoietin-like protein type 3 and type 4 and antibodies to phospholipids (aРL-IgG/IgM) for total detection of antibodies to cardiolipin, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylic acid and a complex of negatively charged phospholipid and β2-glycoprotein-I.More than half of the examined RA patients had the calculated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ranging from 89 to 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (allocation by CKD stages: C1 – 21.5%; C2 – 58.9%; C3 – 19.6%). Signs of MetS (a combination of increased blood pressure, increased triglyceride levels and carbohydrate metabolism disorders against the background of central obesity) were diagnosed in 68 (43%) RA patients. Multivariable analysis of variance was performed to compare the studied parameters (ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, aPL) depending on eGFR in groups of RA patients without signs of metabolic syndrome and RA patients with MetS. Significant differences in the level of ANGPTL3 (F = 8.86, p = 0.0034) and ANGPTL4 (F = 29.6, p < 0.001), but not aPL (p > 0,05) were found between RA patients with varying degrees of severity of metabolic disorders.Multivariable analysis of variance showed a significant increase in ANGPTL4 in the blood serum of RA patients with reduced eGFR (< 89 ml/min) (F = 18.5, p < 0.001) and pronounced metabolic changes (F = 24.2, p < 0.001). Thus, only two factors (renal dysfunction and the presence of MetS) had a direct effect on the ANGPTL4 content in RA patients, which could describe the variability of this sign in more than 30% of cases. The squared multiple correlation coefficient (R2 ) in this model was 0.33. ANGPTL type 4 should be considered as a key factor linking the development of renal dysfunction and metabolic changes caused by rheumatoid inflammation.