bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All Screen‐Printed, Polymer‐Nanowire Based Foldable Electronics for mm‐Wave Applications
Authors: Li Weiwei , Zhang Haoran , Kagita Srujana , Shamim Atif 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWith the surge in devices for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, there is great interest in flexible electronics to be mass manufactured at lower costs. Screen‐printing is well‐known for mass manufacturing, however, this method has mostly focused on printing metallic patterns. Rare efforts have been devoted to print substrates for high frequency (mm‐wave) electronics, which requires low dielectric loss to ensure a decent system efficiency. This paper presents a novel screen‐printable composite ink comprising of acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene and ceramic particles, through which, dielectric substrates with various thicknesses (down to few microns), lateral dimensions, and relative permittivities can be printed. A low dielectric loss of 0.0063 at 28 GHz (fifth generation (5G) communication band) makes the substrates suitable for mm‐wave electronics. A custom silver nanowires based screen‐printable ink is utilized for metallic printing to provide high conductivity (3.4 × 106 S m‐1) and stable electrical response under bent or folded conditions. As a proof of concept for fully printed mm‐wave electronics, a flexible quasi‐Yagi antenna operating at 5G band (26.5–29.5 GHz) is demonstrated that exhibits decent performance in flat as well as bent conditions, confirming the suitability of the material system and printing processes for mass production of IoT and wearable electronics.
Monochromatic Blue and Switchable Blue‐Green Carbon Quantum Dots by Room‐Temperature Air Plasma Processing
Authors: Weerasinghe Janith , Scott James , Deshan Athukoralalage Don K. , Chen Dechao , Singh Amandeep , Sen Suvankar , Sonar Prashant , Vasilev Krasimir , Li Qin , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCarbon quantum dots (CQDs, C‐dots or CDs) are an emerging type of nanomaterial which has received immense attention due to their numerous applications. However, most of the reported CQDs in literature typically emit single emission peak under an excitation. Multipeak emissions without any complicated techniques will be ideal for various applications in the fields of ratiometric sensing, optoelectronics, and multifunctional bio‐imaging systems. Here, a fast, effective, and single‐step method is developed for the bulk synthesis of CQDs using atmospheric pressure air plasmas. Structural, morphological, and chemical properties are characterized by advanced analytical techniques. The CQDs have an average diameter of about 3 nm with a narrow size distribution. Emission wavelengths of 470 nm for blue emissive CQDs and 515 nm for green emissive CQDs are observed. Concentration dependency of the CQDs suggests that the switchable mechanism is due to the formation of PTSA excimers. Dual‐emissive CQDs have the potential to be used in bi‐channel ratiometric determination for metal ions, pH sensing, tumor diagnosis and detection, and solid‐state lighting materials. The proof‐of‐principle demonstration of the use of dual‐emissive CQDs (DCQDs) as a fluorescent sensor of Cu2+ ions is also presented to highlight the possible applications.
Electronic Tuning of Covalent Triazine Framework Nanoshells for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic H2O2 Production
Authors: Yu Xiaohan , Viengkeo Bounxome , He Qing , Zhao Xuan , Huang Qiliang , Li Pingping , Huang Wei , Li Yanguang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPhotocatalytic H2O2 production is a prospective alternative to the traditional anthraquinone oxidation method for H2O2 production. Compared to well‐established inorganic counterparts, organic photocatalysts show greater promise owing to their structural diversity and functional tunability, but unfortunately suffer from limited activity at present. Here, a comonomer doping strategy is reported to tune the electronic structures of covalent triazine framework nanoshells by introducing strong electron‐withdrawing benzothiadiazole units into the conjugated networks. The product exhibits much enhanced charge separation as evidenced by multiple spectroscopic analyses. When investigated as the photocatalyst in aqueous solution, the best sample can enable an impressive H2O2 production rate of 1630 µmol g−1 h−1, which is approximately three times higher than that of the undoped sample and superior to most other inorganic and organic competitors.
Lipid Nature and Alkyl Length Influence Lymph Node Accumulation of Lipid‐Polyethylene Glycol Amphiphiles
Authors: De Vrieze Jana , Baptista Antonio P. , Nuhn Lutz , Van Herck Simon , Deswarte Kim , Yu Haijun , Lambrecht Bart N. , De Geest Bruno G. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractImmunomodulatory drugs are of great relevance in the context of vaccine delivery and cancer immunotherapy. Due to the ubiquitous presence of immune cells throughout the body, gaining control over the biodistribution and activity of such drugs is crucial to limit off‐target inflammatory responses. Here, the authors report on lipid‐PEG (polyethylene glycol) amphiphiles as well‐defined amphiphilic carries for lymph node targeted delivery. Comparing cholesterol and dialkyl lipids with different alkyl chain length, the authors found that both the nature of the lipid, as well as, the alkyl chain length have a dramatic influence on cellular uptake and lymph node translocation. Whereas shorter dioctyl‐PEG amphiphiles show overall poor performance, larger dioctadecyl‐PEG amphiphiles are prone to solubility issues. Didodecyl‐PEG amphiphiles with intermediate alkyl chain length are on par with cholesteryl‐PEG amphiphiles in in vitro and in vivo cellular uptake and lymphoid tissue targeting. Immunization with a cholesteryl‐PEG‐imidazoquinoline (TLR7/8 agonist) amphiphile‐adjuvanted model antigen shows induction of immune responses that are qualitatively different from Montanide‐adjuvanted antigen, characterized by effector CD8+ T cells with immediate cytotoxic potential and robust IgG2 antibody responses. These findings provide a rational base for further adjuvant design based on the type of immunity needed for a specific vaccination or therapeutic setting.
Cation Vacancy in Wide Bandgap III‐Nitrides as Single‐Photon Emitter: A First‐Principles Investigation
Authors: Zang Hang , Sun Xiaojuan , Jiang Ke , Chen Yang , Zhang Shanli , Ben Jianwei , Jia Yuping , Wu Tong , Shi Zhiming , Li Dabing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSingle‐photon sources based on solid‐state material are desirable in quantum technologies. However, suitable platforms for single‐photon emission are currently limited. Herein, a theoretical approach to design a single‐photon emitter based on defects in solid‐state material is proposed. Through group theory analysis and hybrid density functional theory calculation, the charge‐neutral cation vacancy in III‐V compounds is found to satisfy a unique 5‐electron‐8‐orbital electronic configuration with Td symmetry, which is possible for single‐photon emission. Furthermore, it is confirmed that this type of single‐photon emitter only exists in wide bandgap III‐nitrides among all the III‐V compounds. The corresponding photon energy in GaN, AlN, and AlGaN lies within the optimal range for transfer in optical fiber, thereby render the charge‐neutral cation vacancy in wide‐bandgap III‐nitrides as a promising single‐photon emitter for quantum information applications.
Predictors of academic career placement and scholarly impact in fellowship‐trained rhinologists
Authors: Vohra Varun , Watley Duncan C. , Yan Carol H. , Locke Tran B. , Bernstein Isaac A. , Levy Joshua M. , Rowan Nicholas R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundAs rhinology fellowship positions outpace the availability of academic rhinology jobs, it is increasingly important to identify characteristics that are associated with academic placement after fellowship completion. In this study, we evaluated the association of academic characteristics during training with current job placement and posttraining scholarly impact.MethodsPrevious rhinology fellows were identified using publicly available data. Bibliometric indices, training institutions, graduate degrees, and job placement data were used in bivariate and multivariable regression analyses to assess for association with predictors and academic trajectory.ResultsData from 265 rhinologists, all graduating between 1991 and 2020, were included. Most surgeons (n = 185, 70%) held an academic position and 80 (30%) surgeons worked in a nonacademic setting; 93.2% had a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree and 80.3% were male. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that a designation of MD, compared with Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO; odds ratio [OR], 5.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.97‐21.9), number of publications during fellowship (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.41), and h‐index during training (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.07‐1.49]) were independently predictive of academic job placement. Meanwhile, number of primary authorships during fellowship (β = 1.47; 95% CI, 1.07‐1.88]), h‐index during training (β = 0.48; 95% CI, 0.25‐0.71), and PhD (β = 4.16; 95% CI, 1.57‐6.76) were associated with posttraining h‐index. Medical school ranking; graduate degrees, including Master of Science (MS), Master of Business Administration (MBA), and Master of Public Health (MPH); and research metrics before residency were not associated with either academic placement or posttraining h‐index.ConclusionThe predictors of academic job placement in rhinology are unclear, but h‐index during training, and research productivity during fellowship may serve as indicators of an academic career.
Detection of Alzheimer's disease amyloid beta 1‐42, p‐tau, and t‐tau assays
Authors: van Harten Argonde C. , Wiste Heather J. , Weigand Stephen D. , Mielke Michelle M. , Kremers Walter K. , Eichenlaub Udo , Dyer Roy B. , Algeciras‐Schimnich Alicia , Knopman David S. , Jack Clifford R. , Petersen Ronald C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to provide cut points for the automated Elecsys Alzheimer's disease (AD) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers.MethodsCut points for Elecsys amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42), total tau (t‐tau), hyperphosphorylated tau (p‐tau), and t‐tau/Aβ42 and p‐tau/Aβ42 ratios were evaluated in Mayo Clinic Study of Aging (n = 804) and Mayo Clinic Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (n = 70) participants.ResultsThe t‐tau/Aβ42 and p‐tau/Aβ42 ratios had a higher percent agreement with normal/abnormal amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) than the individual CSF markers. Reciever Operating Characteristic (ROC)‐based cut points were 0.26 (0.24–0.27) for t‐tau/Aβ42 and 0.023 (0.020–0.025) for p‐tau/Aβ42. Ratio cut points derived from other cohorts performed as well in our cohort as our own did. Individual biomarkers had worse diagnostic properties and more variable results in terms of positive and negative percent agreement (PPA and NPA).ConclusionCSF t‐tau/Aβ42 and p‐tau/Aβ42 ratios are very robust indicators of AD. For individual biomarkers, the intended use should determine which cut point is chosen.
Comparison of CSF phosphorylated tau 181 and 217 for cognitive decline
Authors: Mielke Michelle M. , Aakre Jeremiah A. , Algeciras‐Schimnich Alicia , Proctor Nicholas K. , Machulda Mary M. , Eichenlaub Udo , Knopman David S. , Vemuri Prashanthi , Graff‐Radford Jonathan , Jack Clifford R. , Petersen Ronald C. , Dage Jeffrey L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe prognostic utility of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) phosphorylated tau 217 (p‐tau217) and p‐tau181 is not understood.MethodsAnalyses included 753 Mayo Clinic Study on Aging participants (median age = 71.6; 57% male). CSF amyloid beta (Aβ)42 and p‐tau181 were measured with Elecsys immunoassays. CSF p‐tau181 and p‐tau217 were also measured with Meso Scale Discovery (MSD). We used Cox proportional hazards models for risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and linear mixed models for risk of global and domain‐specific cognitive decline and cortical thickness. Analyses were stratified by elevated brain amyloid based on CSF Aβ42 or amyloid positron emission tomography for those with imaging.ResultsCSF p‐tau217 was superior to p‐tau181 for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. CSF MSD p‐tau181 and p‐tau217 were associated with risk of MCI among amyloid‐positive individuals. Differences between CSF p‐tau measures predicting cortical thickness were subtle.DiscussionThere are subtle differences for CSF p‐tau217 and p‐tau181 as prognostic AD markers.
Mediterranean and Western diet effects on Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, cerebral perfusion, and cognition in mid‐life: A randomized trial
Authors: Hoscheidt Siobhan , Sanderlin Ashley H. , Baker Laura D. , Jung Youngkyoo , Lockhart Samuel , Kellar Derek , Whitlow Christopher T. , Hanson Angela J. , Friedman Seth , Register Thomas , Leverenz James B. , Craft Suzanne 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionMid‐life dietary patterns are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk, although few controlled trials have been conducted.MethodsEighty‐seven participants (age range: 45 to 65) with normal cognition (NC, n = 56) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 31) received isocaloric diets high or low in saturated fat, glycemic index, and sodium (Western‐like/West‐diet vs. Mediterranean‐like/Med‐diet) for 4 weeks. Diet effects on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, cognition, and cerebral perfusion were assessed to determine whether responses differed by cognitive status.ResultsCSF amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 ratios increased following the Med‐diet, and decreased after West‐diet for NC adults, whereas the MCI group showed the reverse pattern. For the MCI group, the West‐diet reduced and the Med‐diet increased total tau (t‐tau), whereas CSF Aβ42/t‐tau ratios increased following the West‐diet and decreased following the Med‐diet. For NC participants, the Med‐diet increased and the West‐diet decreased cerebral perfusion.DiscussionDiet response during middle age may highlight early pathophysiological processes that increase AD risk.
Complementary pre‐screening strategies to uncover hidden prodromal and mild Alzheimer's disease: Results from the MOPEAD project
Authors: Boada Mercè , Rodrigo Adrián , Jessen Frank , Wimblad Bengt , Kramberger Milica G. , Visser Pieter Jelle , Simó Rafael , Rodríguez‐Gomez Octavio , Ciudin Andreea , Georges Jean , Dumas Annete , Maguire Peggy , Krivec David , Wimo Anders , Valero Sergi , Alegret Montserrat , Jamilis Laura , Zwan Marissa , Sannemann Lena , Arrufat Jordi , Stomrud Erik , Johansson Gunilla , Shering Craig , Glaysher Bridget , Stewart Neil , Belger Mark , Iradier Fatima , Campo Laura ,   the MOPEAD consortium
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe Models of Patient Engagement for Alzheimer's Disease (MOPEAD) project was conceived to explore innovative complementary strategies to uncover hidden prodromal and mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia cases and to raise awareness both in the general public and among health professionals about the importance of early diagnosis.MethodsFour different strategies or RUNs were used: (a) a web‐based (WB) prescreening tool, (2) an open house initiative (OHI), (3) a primary care–based protocol for early detection of cognitive decline (PC), and (4) a tertiary care–based pre‐screening at diabetologist clinics (DC).ResultsA total of 1129 patients at high risk of having prodromal AD or dementia were identified of 2847 pre‐screened individuals (39.7%). The corresponding proportion for the different initiatives were 36.8% (WB), 35.6% (OHI), 44.4% (PC), and 58.3% (DC).ConclusionThese four complementary pre‐screening strategies were useful for identifying individuals at high risk of having prodromal or mild AD.
Metabolite Signature of Alzheimer's Disease in Adults with Down Syndrome
Authors: Montal Victor , Barroeta Isabel , Bejanin Alexandre , Pegueroles Jordi , Carmona‐Iragui María , Altuna Miren , Benejam Bessy , Videla Laura , Fernández Susana , Padilla Concepcion , Aranha Mateus Rozalem , Iulita Maria Florencia , Vidal‐Piñeiro Didac , Alcolea Daniel , Blesa Rafael , Lleó Alberto , Fortea Juan ,   and Down Alzheimer Barcelona Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the Alzheimer's disease metabolite signature through magnetic resonance spectroscopy in adults with Down syndrome and its relation with Alzheimer's disease biomarkers and cortical thickness.MethodsWe included 118 adults with Down syndrome from the Down Alzheimer Barcelona Imaging Initiative and 71 euploid healthy controls from the Sant Pau Initiative on Neurodegeneration cohort. We measured the levels of myo‐inositol (a marker of neuroinflammation) and N‐acetyl‐aspartate (a marker of neuronal integrity) in the precuneus using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We investigated the changes with age and along the disease continuum (asymptomatic, prodromal Alzheimer's disease, and Alzheimer's disease dementia stages). We assessed the relationship between these metabolites and Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, phosphorylated tau‐181, neurofilament light (NfL), and YKL‐40 cerebrospinal fluid levels as well as amyloid positron emission tomography uptake using Spearman correlations controlling for multiple comparisons. Finally, we computed the relationship between cortical thickness and metabolite levels using Freesurfer.ResultsAsymptomatic adults with Down syndrome had a 27.5% increase in the levels of myo‐inositol, but equal levels of N‐acetyl‐aspartate compared to euploid healthy controls. With disease progression, myo‐inositol levels increased, whereas N‐acetyl‐aspartate levels decreased in symptomatic stages of the disease. Myo‐inositol was associated with amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration markers, mainly at symptomatic stages of the disease, whereas N‐acetyl‐aspartate was related to neurodegeneration biomarkers in symptomatic stages. Both metabolites were significantly associated with cortical thinning, mainly in symptomatic participants.InterpretationMagnetic resonance spectroscopy detects Alzheimer's disease related inflammation and neurodegeneration, and could be a good noninvasive disease‐stage biomarker in Down syndrome. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:407–416
Tetrapyrrolische Pigmente aus dem Häm‐ und Chlorophyllabbau interagieren mit Aktin
Authors: Karg Cornelia A. , Wang Shuaijun , Al Danaf Nader , Pemberton Ryan P. , Bernard Denzil , Kretschmer Maibritt , Schneider Sabine , Zisis Themistoklis , Vollmar Angelika M. , Lamb Don C. , Zahler Stefan , Moser Simone 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChlorophyll und Häm sind sogenannte “Pigmente des Lebens”, tetrapyrrolische Strukturen, ohne die das Leben auf der Erde nicht möglich wäre. Ihre Abbauprodukte, die Phyllobiline bzw. die Biline, teilen nicht nur strukturelle Merkmale, sondern auch eine ähnliche Geschichte: Lange Zeit wurden sie nur als Abfallprodukte von Entgiftungsprozessen angesehen; inzwischen konnten für beide Klassen wichtige Bioaktivitäten nachgewiesen werden. Für die Phyllobiline gibt es jedoch nur wenige Erkenntnisse über physiologische Rollen. Hier stellen wir mit Aktin, dem Hauptbestandteil des Zytoskeletts, die erste entdeckte Zielstruktur von Phyllobilinen und eine neue Zielstruktur von Bilinen vor. Wir zeigen die Hemmung der Aktindynamik in vitro und Auswirkungen auf Aktin und Aktin‐abhängige Prozesse in Krebszellen. Eine direkte Interaktion mit G‐Aktin wird durch in silico‐Studien dargelegt und durch Affinitätschromatographie bestätigt. Unsere Ergebnisse eröffnen ein neues Kapitel über Bioaktivitäten von Tetrapyrrolen – insbesondere der Phyllobiline – und bilden die Grundlage für weitreichende Anwendungen in der Pflanzenwissenschaft, Ökologie und Physiologie.
Tetrapyrrolic Pigments from Heme‐ and Chlorophyll Breakdown are Actin‐Targeting Compounds
Authors: Karg Cornelia A. , Wang Shuaijun , Al Danaf Nader , Pemberton Ryan P. , Bernard Denzil , Kretschmer Maibritt , Schneider Sabine , Zisis Themistoklis , Vollmar Angelika M. , Lamb Don C. , Zahler Stefan , Moser Simone 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChlorophyll and heme are among the “pigments of life”, tetrapyrrolic structures, without which life on Earth would not be possible. Their catabolites, the phyllobilins and the bilins, respectively, share not only structural features, but also a similar story: Long considered waste products of detoxification processes, important bioactivities for both classes have now been demonstrated. For phyllobilins, however, research on physiological roles is sparse. Here, we introduce actin, the major component of the cytoskeleton, as the first discovered target of phyllobilins and as a novel target of bilins. We demonstrate the inhibition of actin dynamics in vitro and effects on actin and related processes in cancer cells. A direct interaction with G‐actin is shown by in silico studies and confirmed by affinity chromatography. Our findings open a new chapter in bioactivities of tetrapyrroles—especially phyllobilins—for which they form the basis for broad implications in plant science, ecology, and physiology.
Agronomic performance of high oleic, low linolenic soybean in Tennessee
Authors: Willette Alison , Fallen Benjamin , Bhandari Hem , Sams Carl , Chen Feng , Sykes Virginia , Smallwood Chris , Bilyeu Kristin , Li Zenglu , Pantalone Vincent 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSoybean oil hydrogenation alters the linolenic acid molecule to prevent the oil from becoming rancid, however, health reports have indicated trans‐fat caused by hydrogenation, is not generally regarded as safe. Typical soybeans contain approximately 80 g kg−1 to 120 g kg−1 linolenic acid and 240 g kg−1 of oleic acid. In an effort to accommodate the need for high‐quality oil, the United Soybean Board introduced an industry standard for a high oleic acid greater than 750 g kg−1 and linolenic acid less than 30 g kg−1 oil. By combing mutations in the soybean plant at four loci, FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B, oleate desaturase genes and FAD3A and FAD3C, linoleate desaturase genes, and seed oil will not require hydrogenation to prevent oxidation and produce high‐quality oil. In 2017 and 2018, a study comparing four near‐isogenic lines across multiple Tennessee locations was performed to identify agronomic traits associated with mutations in FAD3A and FAD3C loci, while holding FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B constant in the mutant (high oleic) state. Soybean lines were assessed for yield and oil quality based on mutations at FAD2‐1 and FAD3 loci. Variations of wild‐type and mutant genotypes were compared at FAD3A and FAD3C loci. Analysis using a generalized linear mixed model in SAS 9.4, indicated no yield drag or other negative agronomic traits associated with the high oleic and low linolenic acid genotype. All four mutations of fad2‐1A, fad2‐1B, fad3A, and fad3C were determined as necessary to produce a soybean with the new industry standard (>750 g kg−1 oleic and <30 g kg−1 linolenic acid) in a maturity group‐IV‐Late cultivar for Tennessee growers.
Assessment of quality attributes for adeno‐associated viral vectors
Authors: Tustian Andrew D. , Bak Hanne 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere is a strong and growing interest in the development and production of gene therapy products, including those utilizing adeno‐associated virus (AAV) particles. This is evident with the increase in the number of clinical trials and agency approvals for AAV therapeutics. As bioproduction of AAV viral vectors matures, a quality by design (QbD) approach to process development can aid in process robustness and product quality. Furthermore, it may become a regulatory expectation. The first step in any QbD approach is to determine what physical, chemical, biological, or microbiological property or characteristic product attributes should be controlled within an appropriate limit, range, or distribution to ensure the desired product quality. Then predefined goals are set to allow proactive process development to design in quality. This review lists typical quality attributes used for release testing of AAV viral vectors and discusses these and selected attributes important to extended characterization studies in terms of safety, efficacy, and impact upon the patient immune response.