bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The road to cervical cancer elimination in Malaysia: Evaluation of the impact and cost‐effectiveness of human papillomavirus screening with self‐collection and digital registry support
Authors: Keane Adam , Ng Chiu Wan , Simms Kate T. , Nguyen Diep , Woo Yin Ling , Saville Marion , Canfell Karen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe WHO has launched a global strategy to eliminate cervical cancer through the scale‐up of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, cervical screening, and cervical cancer treatment. Malaysia has achieved high‐coverage HPV vaccination since 2010, but coverage of the existing cytology‐based program remains low. Pilot studies found HPV self‐sampling was acceptable and effective, with high follow‐up rates when a digital registry was used, and recently the Malaysian Government announced plans for a national HPV‐based screening program. We therefore evaluated the impact of primary HPV screening with self‐collection in Malaysia in the context of Malaysia's existing vaccination program. We used the “Policy1‐Cervix” modeling platform to assess health outcomes, cost‐effectiveness, resource use and cervical cancer elimination timing (the year when cervical cancer rates reach four cases per 100 000 women) of implementing primary HPV testing with self‐collection, assuming 70% routine‐screening coverage could be achieved. Based on available data, we assumed that compliance with follow‐up was 90% when a digital registry was used, but that compliance with follow‐up would be 50‐75% without the use of a digital registry. We found that the current vaccination program would prevent 27 000 to 32 200 cervical cancer cases and 11 700 to 14 000 deaths by 2070. HPV testing with a digital registry was cost‐effective (CER = $US 6953‐7549 < $US 11 373[<1×GDP per capita]) and could prevent an additional 15 900 to 17 800 cases and 9700 to 10 600 deaths by 2070, expediting national elimination by 11 to 20 years, to 2055 to 2059. If HPV screening were implemented without a digital registry, there would be 1800 to 4900 fewer deaths averted by 2070 and the program would be less cost‐effective. These results underline the importance of HPV testing as a key elimination pillar in Malaysia.
Establishment of nomograms for fetal vermis and brainstem structures in the midsagittal cranial plane by ultrasonography
Authors: Alpay Verda , Davutoglu Ebru Alıcı , Kaymak Didem , Madazli Riza 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeTo construct nomograms for the fetal cerebellar vermis and brainstem structures obtainable from the midsagittal plane of the brain by two‐dimensional sonography.MethodsThis was a prospective cross‐sectional study of 434 healthy fetuses in low‐risk singleton pregnancies between 18 and 35 gestational weeks. The following parameters were evaluated in the midsagittal cranial plane; cerebellar vermis anteroposterior diameter (APD), craniocaudal diameter (CCD), pons, midbrain and medulla oblongata APD and tectum length. The measurements were presented as growth charts according to gestational age.ResultsThe mean ± SD, and 5%, 50%, 95% centile charts according to gestational age for vermis APD and CCD, pons, midbrain and medulla oblongata APD and tectum length were constructed. Pearson's correlation coefficients for vermis CCD and APD, pons, midbrain, medulla oblongata APD and tectum length by gestational week were 0.961, 0.929, 0.918, 0.761, 0.731 and 0.854, respectively (p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe reference data provided in the present study would be helpful in the prenatal diagnosis of challenging fetal conditions with involvement of the brainstem and cerebellum.
Attitudes toward offering genetic counseling for psychiatric conditions among genetics healthcare practitioners in the United Kingdom: A qualitative study
Authors: Rowlatt Amy E. , McAllister Marion , Cuthbert Andrew 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPsychiatric conditions affect a large proportion of the population. High heritability estimates have been reported for commonly diagnosed conditions, suggesting both environmental factors and genetic variation significantly contribute to the chance of psychiatric outcomes. Despite growing interest in the provision and receipt of genetic counseling services for these conditions, such specialized interventions are not routinely available in most healthcare systems, including in the United Kingdom (UK). This study examined the attitudes of fourteen National Health Service employed genetic counselors and clinical geneticists, from seven regional genetic centers, toward offering psychiatric genetic counseling (PGC) in the UK. A qualitative methodology was adopted and individual semi‐structured interviews were conducted either by telephone or face‐to‐face, audio recorded, transcribed in full and analyzed using thematic analysis. Participants' attitudes were organized under three themes: “Demand,” “Readiness to Provide Support,” and “Patient Experience.” Participants cited key informational and resource needs which included increased workforce capacity, access to further psychological support for patients and more knowledge about the following: specific genes involved, available genetic testing, recurrence/occurrence risk figures, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, patient concerns associated with the impact of psychiatric conditions and interpersonal skills. While some participants appreciated the value of PGC, some reported apprehension and raised concerns around a lack of available genetic testing, the perceived utility of current management options, and a potential negative psychological impact of PGC. This study identified important barriers to the delivery of PGC in the UK by genetics healthcare practitioners. Our findings highlight the importance of a collaborative, multidisciplinary approach to delivering this intervention and the need for additional training. Further research is required to better understand demand for, nature of, and barriers to provision of PGC in the UK, particularly in terms of genetic counselors’ perceptions of their role.
Genetic counselor roles in the undiagnosed diseases network research study: Clinical care, collaboration, and curation
Authors: Kohler Jennefer N. , Glanton Emily , Boyd Brenna M. , Sillari Catherine H. , Marwaha Shruti ,   Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Wheeler Matthew T. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGenetic counselors (GCs) are increasingly filling important positions on research study teams, but there is limited literature describing the roles of GCs in these settings. GCs on the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN) study team serve in a variety of roles across the research network and provide an opportunity to better understand genetic counselor roles in research. To quantitatively characterize the tasks regularly performed and professional fulfillment derived from these tasks, two surveys were administered to UDN GCs in a stepwise fashion. Responses from the first, free‐response survey elicited the scope of tasks which informed development of a second structured, multiple‐select survey. In survey 2, respondents were asked to select which roles they performed. Across 19 respondents, roles in survey 2 received a total of 947 selections averaging approximately 10 selections per role. When asked to indicate what roles they performed, respondent selected a mean of 50 roles (range 22–70). Survey 2 data were analyzed via thematic coding of responses and hierarchical cluster analysis to identify patterns in responses. From the thematic analysis, 20 non‐overlapping codes emerged in seven categories: clinical interaction and care, communication, curation, leadership, participant management, research, and team management. Three themes emerged from the categories that represented the roles of GCs in the UDN: clinical care, collaboration, and curation. Cluster analyses showed that responses were more similar among individuals at the same institution than between institutions. This study highlights the ways GCs apply their unique skill set in the context of a clinical translational research network. Additionally, findings from this study reinforce the wide applicability of core skills that are part of genetic counseling training. Clinical literacy, genomics expertise and analysis, interpersonal, psychosocial and counseling skills, education, professional practice skills, and an understanding of research processes make genetic counselors well suited for such roles and poised to positively impact research experiences and outcomes for participants.
Assessing effectiveness and patient perceptions of a novel electronic medical record for the management of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Kaazan Patricia , Li Tracy , Seow Warren , Bednarz Jana , Pipicella Joseph L , Krishnaprasad Krupa , Ng Watson , Williams Astrid‐Jane , Connor Susan J , Andrews Jane M 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and AimThere is an increasing prevalence of chronic disease worldwide, resulting in multiple management challenges. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an exemplar chronic disease requiring coordinated longitudinal care. We propose that Crohn's Colitis Care (CCCare), a novel IBD‐specific, structured electronic medical record is effective at improving data capture and is acceptable to patients.MethodsA comparison was made between IBD‐data completeness in usual records and CCCare. CCCare's acceptability to patients was assessed in two independent IBD patient cohorts and included:• Overall ratings of acceptability.• Factors associated with pre‐exposure acceptability ratings.• Whether exposure and security concerns influenced acceptability ratings.• Direct patient feedback through CCCare's patient portal.ResultsIn all cases reviewed, there was data gain using structured CCCare fields compared with IBD documentation in usual medical records. The overall acceptability in the combined cohort (n = 310) was very high. More than three‐quarters of patients rated acceptability as >7 of 10. Self‐reported information technology (IT) literacy positively associated with acceptability. Exposure had a small positive affect on acceptability, whereas security concerns had little impact on acceptability. Patient portal feedback revealed that most patients are very likely to recommend CCCare to others (8.56 ± 2.2 [out of 10]).ConclusionCCCare is effective in supporting more complete IBD‐specific data capture compared with usual medical records. It is highly acceptable to patients, especially those with reasonable IT literacy. Patient concerns about privacy and security of electronic medical records (EMRs) did not significantly affect acceptability.
The use of probiotics can reduce the severity of experimental periodontitis in rats with metabolic syndrome: An immunoenzymatic and microtomographic study
Authors: Silva Giselle A. , Moreira André L. G. , Silva Pedro H. F. , Salvador Sérgio L. , Casarin Renato C. V. , Vicente Raphael M. , Ferreira Graziele C. , Tanus‐Santos José E. , Furlaneto Flávia A. C. , Messora Michel R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluated the effects of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 (B. lactis HN019) in the development of periodontitis (PE), associated or not with metabolic syndrome, (MS) in rats.MethodsNinety‐six rats were grouped according to a food protocol: high‐fat diet for induction of MS or standard diet for the control groups (C). They were subdivided into groups with (+) and without (−) PE, receiving (*) or not (**) probiotic (PROB): C−**, CP−*, PE+**, PEP+*, MS− MSP−*, MSPE+**, and MSPEP+*. PROB administration started on the eighth week of the study and PE was induced on the 14th week by placing ligature on the animals' lower first molars. Euthanasia occurred in the 16th week. Biomolecular analyzes, immunoenzymatic assays, and microtomographic analyses were performed. The data obtained were analyzed statistically (P < 0.05).ResultsThe PEP and MSPEP groups showed lower levels of alveolar bone loss when compared with the PE and MSPE groups, respectively (P < 0.05). The immunoenzymatic analysis showed higher levels of interleukin (IL)‐1β and a higher receptor activator of NF‐kappaB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio in the MSPE group when compared with the MSPEP group (P < 0.05). The PEP group showed lower levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and IL–6 when compared with the PE group. The use of PROB attenuated dyslipidemia parameters in animals with MS, with or without PE.ConclusionB. lactis HN019 reduced more significantly the severity of PE in rats with MS, modulating both systemic metabolic and immunoinflammatory parameters in periodontal tissues.
Effects of diets with various levels of forage rape (Brassica napus) on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and rumen microbiota of Hu lambs
Authors: Du Encun , Guo Wanzheng , Zhao Na , Chen Fang , Fan Qiwen , Zhang Wei , Huang Shaowen , Zhou Guangsheng , Fu Tingdong , Wei Jintao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDApart from being an oil crop, forage rape (Brassica napus) can be used to feed ruminants. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of pelleted total mixed ration (TMR) diets with various levels of forage rape on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, meat nutritional value and rumen microbiota of Hu lambs, which was important for the efficient utilization of forage rape and alleviating the shortage of high‐quality forage in China.RESULTSLambs fed on diets with 200–400 g kg−1 forage rape had greater average daily gain (ADG) and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) than those fed on diets with 0–100 g kg−1 of forage rape (P < 0.05). As dietary forage rape levels increased, the content of intramuscular α‐linolenic acid and a variety of amino acids in the muscle increased linearly (P < 0.05). No difference was found in carcass traits or meat quality among the dietary treatments (P > 0.05). However, the inclusion of forage rape increased the relative abundance of cellulolytic bacteria and short‐chain fatty acid producers, including Succiniclasticum, Fibrobacter and members of the Lachnospiraceae. Besides, Succiniclasticum was found to be positively correlated with the final body weight of lambs.CONCLUSIONTMR diets that included 200–400 g kg−1 forage rape could improve the growth performance of lambs, and elevated the content of intramuscular α‐linolenic acid and a variety of amino acids in the muscle, accompanied by increased abundance of cellulolytic bacteria in the rumen.
Effects of flooding cultivation on the composition and quality of taro (Colocasia esculenta cv. Daikichi)
Authors: Yamanouchi Hiroki , Tokimura Kanae , Miura Nobuyuki , Ikezawa Kazuhiro , Onjo Michio , Minami Yuji , Kajiya Katsuko 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDTaro (Colocasia esculenta cv. Daikichi) is believed to be one of the earliest cultivated tuber crops and it is a staple food in many parts of the world. The mother corm and side cormels (daughter and granddaughter tubers) form the major consumed parts; however, the former is rarely preferred. Taro is mainly cultivated using either unflooded or flooding cultivation, under dryland‐rainfed and wetland‐irrigated conditions, respectively. Although flooding cultivation has several advantages, such as lower risk of diseases, weeds, and insect pests, contributing to increased tuber yield, its effects on the quality characteristics of the tubers are largely unknown. In this study, the effects of controlled flooding cultivation on the quality of mother corm and side cormels were investigated. Their taste, color, physical properties, antioxidant activity, and starch, oxalic acid, nitrate ion, arabinogalactan (AG)/AG protein (AGP), γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), and total polyphenol content was compared with those under unflooded cultivation.RESULTSFlooding cultivation increased polyphenol levels and antioxidant activity and decreased oxalate, nitrate ion, GABA, and AG/AGP levels. Flooding cultivation also reduced the harshness and increased the hardness and stickiness of steamed mother corm paste, generally discarded under unflooded cultivation, thus rendering it suitable for consumption.CONCLUSIONControlled flooding cultivation has economic advantages and the potential to improve the quality of cultivated taro. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Evidence of formation of dye–surfactant ion pair micelle in the anionic surfactant mediated alkaline fading of methyl violet carbocation
Authors: Ghosh Dinesh C. , Sen Pratik K. , Pal Biswajit 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn the submicellar solution of anionic surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT), the alkaline fading of methyl violet (MV+) carbocation has been studied spectrophotometrically in the temperature range 293–308 K. The interaction behavior of the dye carbocation with the anionic surfactant and the observed submicellar rate retardation is consistent with the ion pair and subsequent ion‐pair micelle formation. The change in the spectral pattern along with a change in the peak intensity and shoulder intensity with increasing surfactant concentrations indicates the shifting of the equilibrium between the helical and distorted helical isomers of MV+ owing to the existence of dye–surfactant ion pair, ion‐pair micelles, and dye‐embedded micelles. This dynamic dye–surfactant ion‐ion interaction has been corroborated by the tensiometric studies. The decrease in the fading rate and the change in the spectral pattern in the presence of anion, especially I–, support the existence of the dye–anion interaction. The premicellar rate inhibition and the corresponding interaction have been accounted for by the use of two kinetic models namely, Olson–Simonson and Piszkiewicz cooperativity models. The cooperativity index value suggested a 1:1 dye–surfactant association in both the surfactants. The ratio of the concentration of the premicellar complex and the free dye cation indicates appreciable binding. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters associated with the dye–surfactant complex have been explained in terms of dye–surfactant, dye–water, and surfactant–water interactions.
Implantable Doppler Removal After Free Flap Monitoring Among Head and Neck Microvascular Surgeons
Authors: Ong Adrian A. , Ducic Yadranko , Pipkorn Patrik , Wax Mark K. 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveInvestigate current practice patterns of head and neck microvascular reconstructive surgeons when removing an implantable Doppler after free flap surgery.Study DesignCross‐sectional survey study.MethodsSurvey distributed to head and neck microvascular reconstructive surgeons. Data regarding years performing free tissue transfer, case numbers, management of implantable Doppler wire, and complications were collected.ResultsEighty‐five responses were analyzed (38,000 cases). Sixty‐six responders (77.6%) use an implantable Doppler for postoperative monitoring, with 97% using the Cook‐Swartz Doppler Flow Monitoring System. Among this group, 65.2% pull the wire after monitoring was complete, 3% cut the wire, and 31.8% have both cut and pulled the wire. Of those who have cut and pulled the wire, 48% report cutting and pulling the wire with equal frequency, 43% formerly pulled the wire and now cut the wire, and 9% previously cut the wire but now pull the wire. Of those who pull the wire, there were two injuries to the pedicle requiring return to the operating for flap salvage, and one acute venous congestion. Of the nine who previously pulled the wire, six (67%) cited concerns with major bleeding/flap compromise as the reason for cutting the wire.ConclusionIn this study, most surgeons use an implantable Doppler for monitoring of free flaps postoperatively. In extremely rare instances, pulling the implantable Doppler wire has resulted in flap compromise necessitating revision of the vascular anastomosis. Cutting the wire and leaving the proximal portion in the surgical site has been adopted as a management option.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 132:554–559, 2022
Climate change‐triggered land degradation and planetary health: A review
Authors: Talukder Byomkesh , Ganguli Nilanjana , Matthew Richard , vanLoon Gary W. , Hipel Keith W. , Orbinski James 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLand is a vital natural resource for human socio‐ecological wellbeing. Around the world, land is being degraded due to various natural and anthropogenic factors such as flooding, wind erosion, agriculture and human settlement, and anthropogenic climate change. While significant research has been conducted on the separate dyads of: (1) anthropogenic climate change and land degradation and (2) land degradation and health, limited consideration has been given to the cause‐and‐effect relationships between anthropogenic climate change‐triggered land degradation and planetary health consequences. Using a systematic literature review and the driving force, pressure, state, exposure, effect (DPSEE) framework, this study synthesizes the complex causal relationships of anthropogenic climate change‐triggered land degradation and its planetary health consequences. Our findings demonstrate that anthropogenic climate change has induced and accelerated natural and anthropogenic land degradation through an array of pathways, resulting in planetary health consequences that can be grouped into six categories: (1) food and nutritional insecurity, (2) communicable and noncommunicable diseases, (3) livelihood insecurity, (4) physical and mental health, (5) health hazards related to extreme weather events, and (6) migration and conflict. Interlinkages exist between these six planetary health impact categories, adding to the complexity of the causal pathways. These collective impacts are hampering the realization of the UN Sustainable Development Goals around the world. The findings of this study and our DPSEE framework can help policymakers identify and integrate actions to better manage the planetary health impacts of climate change‐induced land degradation.
Quality and readability of online information on idiopathic subglottic stenosis
Authors: Heffernan Austin , Hu Amanda 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveIdiopathic subglottic stenosis (ISS) is a chronic condition characterized by disease recurrence and multiple surgeries. These frustrated patients may utilize the internet to research their condition. The aim of this study was to determine the quality and readability of online ISS information.Methods“Idiopathic subglottic stenosis” was entered into Google. The first 50 websites that met inclusion criteria were extracted. The DISCERN instrument, Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), and Flesch‐Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) assessed the quality and readability, respectively. Means, SDs, Pearson correlation coefficients, and two‐tailed Student's t‐test were calculated.ResultsThe 50 websites consisted of 17 patient‐targeted and 33 professional‐targeted websites, plus 30 major and 20 minor websites. The overall DISCERN, FRES, and FKGL scores were 2.81 ± 0.99, 27.75 ± 15.27, and 13.65 ± 2.79, respectively (mean ± SD). Patient‐targeted websites had significantly lower quality (DISCERN [P < .00]) but were easier to read (lower FKGL [P < .00], higher FRES [P < .00]) than professional‐targeted websites. Minor websites had a significantly lower quality (DISCERN [P < 0.00]) but were easier to read (lower FKGL [P < .00], higher FRES [P < .00]) than major websites. There was a positive correlation between overall quality and difficulty in readability.ConclusionThe quality of online ISS information was suboptimal. Resources were too difficult to comprehend and readability scores were above AMA and NIH recommendations. Improved online information is required to properly educate this patient population.Level of EvidenceLevel 4.