bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Hyaluronic Acid During Adjustable Suture Surgery
Authors: Granet David B , Hertle Richard W , Ziylan Sule 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We prospectively studied the force required to move an extraocular muscle after adjustable suture surgery with and without the perioperative use of hyaluronic acid (Healon). The 15 muscles that received hyaluronic acid averaged 15.0 g of force to move the muscle 2.0 mm which was significantly different than the average force of 36.15 g required for the 13 control muscles. The decreased force required to adjust the muscle along with potential anti inflammatory properties of hyaluronic acid make this a useful adjunct during adjustable suture surgery.
Epithelial Downgrowth-Fistula Repair and Keratoplasty
Authors: Anseth Arvid , Dohlman Claes H , Albert Daniel M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Eight patients with leaking fistulas from epithelial downgrowth were repaired by various techniques. Wide excision of the fistula and replacement with a graft, followed by a conjunctival flap, proved to be the most satisfactory technique for dealing with the fistula. However, this subset of patients responded to fistula closure with a much worse secondary glaucoma than downgrowth patients in general.
Fifteen patients with proven epithelial downgrowth received penetrating keratoplasty. Eleven of these grafts failed within a year, but there was no regrowth of epithelium on the back of the graft in at least two patients.
In spite of generally discouraging results, we recommend immediate closure of epithelialized fistula to avoid even more severe complications in the future. We also recommend keratoplasty, repeated if necessary, in severe corneal edema. Both situations may eventually require radical glaucoma surgery and/or keratoprosthesis. [Refractive and Corneal Surgery 1991;7:23-27.]
Topography and Raytracing Analysis of Patients With Excellent Visual Acuity 3 Months After Excimer Laser Photorefractive Keratectomy for Myopia
Authors: Maguire Leo J , Zabel Ralph W , Parker Paula , Lindstrom Richard L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: We performed topography and raytracing analysis 3 months after surgery on five consecutive eyes of five patients, which had excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for myopia. Three of the five eyes had uncorrected postoperative visual acuity of 20/20 or better. Two eyes had an uncorrected vision of 20/40.
In three of five eyes, the area of excimer ablation was centered within 1.0 mm of the optical axis. Three other eyes showed decentration that ranged from 1.1 to 1.5 mm. The range of surface power seen within 2 mm of the central keratoscope ring was as follows: patient CK = 37.50 to 39.50 diopters; patient CA = 40.50 D to 44.80 D; patient CW = 37.90 D to 42.20 D; patient AC = 35.50 D to 39.00 D; patient DT = 34.50 D to 41 .40 D. Topography patterns differed from eye to eye.
A raytracing program modeled refraction of 20/80 and 20/20 "E" of 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5% and 6.25% contrast through all measured points on the central 10 keratoscope rings of the five postoperative corneas. The five computer-derived images were ranked subjectively according to the observed degree of image degradation by three observers. Two eyes showed discernible 20/20 E's even at the 1 2.5% contrast level. Little to no ghost image was seen. Two eyes showed degraded but discernible 20/20 letters at higher levels of contrast only. These eyes showed moderate ghost images that were most apparent in the high-contrast 20/ 80 letters. One eye showed poor resolution of the 100% contrast 20/20 letter and moderately severe ghost images. The amount of image degradation correlated with the percentage of the total point spread function that fell within a 9 ? 9 pixel patch around the visual axis in the image plane of best focus (r = -1.0O1P= .01).
These results suggest that excellent uncorrected Snellen visual acuity may occur in patients after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for myopia even when the postoperative surface shows a moderate amount of irregular astigmatism and moderate decentration of the area of ablation relative to the optical axis. Raytracing analysis suggests that differences in postoperative topography lead to differences in image quality that can be reproducibly ranked by independent observers. (Refract Corneal Surg 1991 ;7: 122- 128.)
Topography-controlled Excimer Laser Photorefractive Keratectomy
Authors: Dausch Dieter , Schröder Eckhard , Dausch Sabine 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess whether photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) controlled by videokeratography can successfully treat refractive errors in eyes with corneal irregularities and improve spectacle-corrected visual acuity.
METHODS: In a prospective clinical study, PRK was performed in 10 eyes of 10 patients. Reason for surgery was irregular astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty, corneal irregularity after corneal scarring, corneal astigmatism in keratoconus, and decentration after myopic and hyperopic PRK. Excimer ablation was controlled by preoperative videokeratography (Orbscan II, Orbtek) using the MEL- 70 system from Aesculap Méditée. Follow-up was 6 months.
RESULTS: Concerning manifest refraction, the sphere was reduced on average from +1.92 to +0.57 D, 6 months postoperatively. Cylinder changed from -1.95 D on average to -0.30 D at 6 months postoperatively. There was improvement of uncorrected visual acuity of 2 or more lines in 5 eyes and no change in 5 eyes 6 months postoperatively. Spectacle-corrected visual acuity improved in 2 eyes by 2 to 3 lines, in 9 eyes by 1 to 3 lines, and showed no change in 1 eye.
CONCLUSION: Videokeratography-controlled PRK improved refractive errors in irregular corneas with improvement of spectacle-corrected visual acuity. [J Refract Surg 2000;16:13-22]
Mathematical Models of Picosecond Laser Keratomileusis for High Myopia
Authors: Bryant Michael R , Marchi Vincenzo , Juhasz Tibor 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Picosecond laser keratomileusis (PLK) is a refractive surgical procedure in which an intrastromal lenticle is created using the NdrYLF picosecond laser and removed by lifting the anterior flap in the cornea. The purpose of this study was to assess the predictability of picosecond laser keratomileusis for high myopia.
METHODS: The results from a recent clinical series of non-sighted patients who had undergone picosecond laser keratomileusis with the NdrYLF picosecond laser were retrospectively simulated with two mathematical models. In one model, the change in corneal curvature resulting from the collapse of a lenticular intrastromal cavity was predicted from a geometric analysis. A second model was developed using the finite element method. The results of both predictive models were compared to the clinical results at 1 and 6 months following surgery.
RESULTS: An average -13.30 D of flattening (range, -6.80 to -20.50 D) was measured at 6 months. The geometric model predicted an average correction of -23.10 D (range, -18.00 to -34.00 D), whereas the finite element model predicted an average curvature change of -17.40 D (range, -14.50 to -22.50 D). An average decrease in central pachymetry of 91 µm was measured at 6 months, as compared to a predicted decrease in thickness of 112 µm.
CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of picosecond laser keratomileusis for high myopia predicted using a finite element based model shows greater change in the corneal curvature and corneal thickness compared to clinical results. The relatively thick lenticules that are removed for high myopia cause considerable deformational changes in the cornea, which preclude the use of a purely geometric/optical approach for predicting the resultant corneal curvature changes. [J Refract Surg 2000,16:155-162]
Fine Tuning Excimer Laser Correction After Intraocular Lens Implantation and Corneal Transplantation
Authors: Pershin Kirill B , Pashinova Nadezhda F 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To conduct an analysis of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASDS) results in patients with artiphakia, after phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation, and after corneal transplantation.
METHODS: We analyzed the results of 57 eyes with an IOL that had LASDi: 22 eyes- artiphakia after ECCE with IOL implantation; 8 eyes had phacoemulsification with IOL implantation; 9 eyesartiphakia after removal of transparent lens with IOL implantation in patients with the high myopia (ß eyes) and high hyperopia (3 eyes); 3 eyes- phakic posterior chamber IOL (2 with hyperopia, 1 with myopia); and 15 eyes after corneal transplantation. LASDS correction was performed not earlier than 6 months after IOL implantation and not earlier than 18 months after corneal transplantation. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 12 months after LASDS using the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser. A thorough ophthalmic examination preceded and followed laser correction.
RESULTS: Mean deviation from emmetropia before LASDS was 3.50 D (range, -6.00 to +4.00 D), and astigmatism averaged 2.75 D (range, 0 to 5.00 D). Before LASDS, mean uncorrected visual acuity was 0.2 and mean spectacle-corrected visual acuity was 6 (range, 0.4 to 1.0). After LASDS, mean deviation from emmetropia was 0.50 D (range, -1.50 to +0.75 D) and average astigmatism was -0.75 D (range, 0 to 1.50 D). Mean uncorrected visual acuity was 0.7 (range, 0.4 to 1.0).
CONCLUSION: LASIK in patients with artiphakia, phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation, and after corneal transplantation was atraumatic, predictable, and efficient. The best results were seen in patients with a myopic refractive error and myopic astigmatism. For hyperopia, LASDS was our method of choice in eyes with "piggy-back" IOLs. J Refract Surg 2000;16(suppl):S257-S260]
Premacular Subhyaloid Hemorrhage Following Laser in situ Keratomileusis
Authors: Mansour Ahmad M , Ojeimi Ghassan K 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To report a case of premacular subhyaloid hemorrhage following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).
METHODS: Case report.
RESULTS: The subhyaloid hemorrhage did not resolve over 1 month of observation, necessitating Nd:YAG posterior hyaloidotomy.
CONCLUSION: The LASIK procedure can be associated with postoperative subhyaloid hemorrhage, presumably from rapid release of the microkeratome vacuum pressure. [J Refract Surg 2000;16:371-372]
Clinical Experience With the Tracey Technology Wavefront Device
Authors: Pallikaris Ioannis G , Panagopoulo Sophia I , Molebny Vasyl V 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: In refractive surgery, measuring the total ocular profile of refraction gives more vital information than measuring the cornea alone. We report the first clinical experiments with spatially resolved refractometry using ray tracking principles. Tracey technology was developed in Ukraine by the Institute of Biomedical Engineering in cooperation with the Vardinoyannion Eye Institute of Crete.
METHODS: The Tracey- 1 device was evaluated in comparison with conventional videokeratoscopes. Seven Pseudophakie eyes of 7 patients and two phakic eyes were measured thirty (30) consecutive times (consecutively) each to test reproducibility. Measurements were provided in zones 0 to 5 (6) mm. For each zone, parameters of astigmatism were calculated and mean value and standard deviation were derived.
RESULTS: Standard deviation on the order of 0.14 D was derived.
CONCLUSION: The Tracey Technology wavefront device provides information on the refraction distribution at the first principal plane of the ocular optical system. For the instrument to provide measurements that are directly applicable to clinical practice, the data should be transposed to the corneal plane. The Tracey device can be utilized for the measurement of accommodative amplitude and range. Further development of the instrument is requred to increase its accuracy. [J Refract Surg 2000;16:S588-S591|
New Paradigm for the Treatment of Myopia By Refractive Surgery
Authors: Munger Rejean 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
It is proposed that refractive surgery visual outcomes will be significantly improved when using refractive surgery profiles that maintain preoperative corneal aberrations following surgery. An equation to calculate postoperative corneal shapes is presented. [J Refract Surg 2000;16:S651-S653]
Photorefractive Keratectomy for Myopia With the Meditec MEL 70^sub G-Scan^ Flying Spot Laser
Authors: Nagy Zoltán Zsolt , Fekete Orsolya , Süveges Ildikó 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy, predictability, stability, and safety of the Meditec MEL 70^sub G-Scan^ flying spot excimer laser.
METHODS: One hundred thirty myopic eyes were treated with the Aesculap Meditec Mel 70^sub G-Scan^ ArF flying spot excimer laser with photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Patient groups: low myopia (Group 1) from -1.50 to -6.00 D (90 eyes), medium myopia (Group 2) from -6.10 to -9.00 D (31 eyes), high myopia (Group 3) from -9.10 to -14.00 D (9 eyes).
RESULTS: At 12 months in the low myopia group, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 20/40 or better was achieved in 95.5% (86 eyes), 20/20 or better in 77.7% (70 eyes); 2.2% (two eyes) lost two or more lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA); 73.3% (66 eyes) were within ±0.50 D of the target correction and 98.8% (89 eyes) were within ±1.00 D. In the medium myopia group, UCVA of 20/40 or better was achieved in 74.2% (23 eyes), 20/20 or better in 25.8% (eight eyes); 3.2% (one eye) lost two lines, 61% (19 eyes) were within ±0.50 D of desired correction and 83.8% (26 eyes) were within ±1.00 D. In the high myopia group, UCVA of 20/40 or better was achieved in 22.2% (two eyes); 20/25 or better in 11.1% (one eye); none of the eyes achieved 20/20 UCVA; 22.2% (two eyes) lost two lines of BSCVA; 44.4% (four eyes) were within ±0.50 D and 66.6% (six eyes) were within ±1.00 D of the target correction. Refractive stability was achieved between 3 and 6 months. Increased intraocular pressure was detected overall in 7.69%.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of predictability, safety, and efficacy in low and medium myopia with the Meditec MEL 70^sub G-Scan^ flying spot excimer laser were good, but poorer predictability, regression, and a significant loss of BSCVA were observed in the high myopia group. J Refract Surg 2001;17: 319-326]
Coefficient of Friction of Ocular Surface Lubricants for Laser in situ Keratomileusis
Authors: Lenton Lee M , Albietz Julie M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The coefficient of friction was empirically derived for a series of commercially available ophthalmic lubricants having potential use during laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).
METHODS: Measurements were obtained using a modified tensile testing machine. Solutions tested included the artificial tear supplements Polytears-free, Bion Tears, Genteal, Refresh, Cellufresh, Celluvisc, Theratears, and Viscotears gel; and balanced salt solution (BSS).
RESULTS: Viscotears carbomer gel had a significantly lower mean coefficient of friction compared to other ophthalmic lubricants tested (P=.002) and the dry plate (P=.005). Addition of 0.1 ml of BSS to 0.025 ml of Celluvisc significantly reduced the coefficent of friction of Celluvisc (P=.01). Polytears, Bion Tears, Genteal, Refresh, Celluvisc, Theratears, and BSS had coefficients of friction significantly higher than that of the dry plate.
CONCLUSION: A range of values were obtained for the coefficient of the ophthalmic lubricants tested. Viscotears gel (0.1 ml), and Celluvisc (0.025 ml) + BSS (0.1 ml) had coefficients of friction significantly lower than that of the dry plate. [J Refract Surg 2001;17:327-333]
Reduction of Glare After Radial Keratotomy: An Experimental Study
Authors: Peyman Gholam A , Spigelman Alan V 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Radial keratotomy was performed on 19 rabbit eyes. To reduce light scatter due to the corneal scars, India ink and other tattoo dyes were introduced into the corneal incisions in 13 of these eyes, while the remaining six served as controls. It was found that the pigments were nontoxic, of no consequence tothe healing process, and stable in intensity after the first postoperative week. Retro-illumination photography demonstrated that the pigmented scars had a qualitative decrease in light dispersion when compared with the controls.
Erosion of the Orbital Plate (Frontal Bone) by a Benign Tumor of the Lacrimal Gland
Authors: Hornblass Albert , Friedman Alan H , Yagoda Arnold 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A benign mixed tumor of the lacrimal gland of long standing duration caused complete erosion of the orbital roof and dura. At the time of surgery, a large cerebrospinal fluid leak communicated into the orbit after removal of the tumor.
This was treated with gelfoam, bed rest and antibiotics. The patient had a complete recovery.
Pupillary Abnormalities Associated with Posterior Chamber Lens Implantation
Authors: Lippman Jay I 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Posterior chamber lenses often allow for freely dilatable, round rather than square pupils, Abnormal pupillary configurations do occur, however, especially in conjunction with piano surface-up insertion techniques. Three case reports illustrating abnormal pupillary configurations are presented. Two variations on presently available posterior chamber intraocular lenses are described.
Experience With Dermis-Fat Grafting: An Analysis of Early Postoperative Complications and Methods of Prevention
Authors: Aguilar Gary L , Shannon Gerard M , Flanagan Joseph C 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
During the past 18 months at Wills Eye Hospital we have performed autogenous dermis-fat grafts to anophthalmic orbits in 16 patients. Six early postoperative complications of dermis-fat grafting are presented and discussed, as are the modifications of surgical technique that we feel may minimize early postoperative complications.
Techniques in Eyelid Wound Closure
Authors: Divine Richard D , Anderson Richard L 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
While one of the most basic techniques in eyelid surgery is the repair of an eyelid defect that involves the margin, many eyelid defects are still poorly repaired; and much confusion still exists in this area. Based upon sound anatomic and surgical principles, we suggest several modifications of classically described techniques: (1) The greyline suture is replaced by a tarsal suture through the meibomian gland orifices to provide a stronger closure and better alignment. (2) All tension of closure is supported by the deep tarsal sutures rather than by the margin sutures to avoid notch formation or unsightly scars. (3) A two-layered closure where orbicularis and tarsus is closed in a single layer is technically easier and gives results comparable to the classically taught three-layered closure. Conjunctival sutures in the tarsal portion of the eyelid are unnecessary and frequently cause corneal irritation. (4) When lid resection is performed, a pentagonal excision rather than a "V" or wedge resection should be used to minimize tension on the margin when closed. We present in an illustrated step-by-step fashion our preferred technique which gives consistently good results.
Foveal Pathology in Ciliary Body Melanoma
Authors: Wolter J Reimer 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
The histological features of cystoid macular edema in an early stage are demonstrated in the eye of a 54-year-old patient with an active ciliary body melanoma. Separation of the posterior vitreous face and the inner limiting membrane with accumulation of an exudate in the resulting space, petaloid folding of the inner retinal layers, swelling as well as microcystoid degeneration of Henle's fiber layer, and vertical folding of the outer retinal layers with separation of the central cones from the pigment epithelium are observed.
Exposed Scleral Buckle: A Case Report in an Eleven-Year Course
Authors: Schmidt Christopher W , Cohen Howard B 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
One patient with an exposed scleral buckling element in the left eye was initially followed conservatively. Soon after exposure, he developed a retinal detachment in the fellow eye, resulting in loss of useful vision. Because of concern over possible redetachment and loss of vision in the remaining eye, the patient has been followed with the exposed element for more than 11 years. Treatment has consisted solely of prophylactic topical antibiotics.
Pseudophakic Endophthalmitis
Authors: Nirankari Verinder S , Karesh James W , Lakhanpal Vinod , Schocket Stanley S 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Two cases of Pseudophakic endophthalmitis following extracapsular surgery and insertion of posterior chamber lenses were managed with removal of the lens, vitrectomy, and intravitreal antibiotics. Removal of the intraocular lens, posterior capsule, and associated inflammatory membranes was easily accomplished maintaining a clear cornea, improving fundus visualization, and eliminating a possible source of infection. The rationale and results of this approach are discussed.
Cataract Surgery With Intraocular Lens Implantation by Ophthalmology Resident Surgeons
Authors: Neuhaus Russell W , Straatsma Bradley R 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation (cataract-IOL surgery) performed by ophthalmology residents under supervision of experienced surgeons in 1974-1978 was analyzed. Retrospective evaluation of 32 cases noted patient age and sex distribution, preoperative ophthalmic examination findings, technique for cataract surgery with implantation of iris support intraocular lenses, postoperative complications, and visual acuity with best correction 30 months after surgery as well as on the last examination. Postoperative follow-up, ranging from one to 84 months, recorded a visual acuity with best correction of 20/40 or better in 87.5% of cases. Excluding two cases in which decreased visual acuity resulted from macular degeneration, visual acuity with best correction was 20/40 or better in 94% of cases.
Pupillary Block Following Nd:YAG Laser Capsulotomy
Authors: Ruderman Jon M , Mitchell Paul G , Kraff Manus 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A patient who developed opacification of the posterior lens capsule three years after phacoemulsification was treated with a Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. Five hours later he developed pupillary block, elevated intraocular pressure, and transient loss of vision. To our knowledge, this major complication following Nd:YAG laser surgery has not previously been reported.
Compressive Optic Neuropathy Following Use of Intracranial Oxidized Cellulose Hemostat
Authors: Dutton Jonathan J , Tse David T , Anderson Richard L 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A 35-year-old white male sustained head injuries in a motor vehicle accident. He underwent neurosurgical repair of a frontotemporal skull fracture and lacerated left frontal lobe; regenerated oxidized cellulose (Surgicel) was placed into the anterior cranial fossa for hemostasis. Forty-eight hours after surgery he suffered rapid deterioration of vision to no light perception from optic nerve compression. Radiologic and echographic evaluation demonstrated a subperiosteal soft tissue density in the orbital apex consistent with hematoma. At surgery for optic canal decompression, the cellulose hemostat was found in the apex of the left orbit, having migrated through orbital roof fractures, and had apparently caused the compressive optic neuropathy. Decompression resulted in return of vision to the level of counting fingers.
Nocardia Asteroides Endophthalmitis
Authors: Chen Ching J 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A case of exogenous Nocardia asteroides endophthalmitis with impending corneal perforation was diagnosed by culture and successfully treated with vitrectomy, penetrating keratoplasty, and intraocular, topical, and systemic antimicrobial therapy. The patient regained excellent vision.