bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COLOURED STICK: TEACHING WITH A COMPREHENSIVE GAME FOR IMPROVING CHILDREN’S SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL ABILITY IN KINDERGARTEN
Authors: Tatminingsih Sri 
Published: September 2021

The emotional ability must be properly managed in order to survive and adapt to social life so that social and emotional abilities can be trained from an early age. As a part of early childhood, kindergarten is one of the most effective places to help children develop social and emotional abilities effectively through play activities. Thus, kindergarten teachers need to find alternative activities and play equipment that can stimulate socio-emotional abilities. One way is by means of the game "Coloured Stick" made of pieces of wood that are developed by combining three types of games, namely constructive games, educational games, and traditional games. This teaching tool can be applied in an integrated manner in kindergarten learning activities, which include the opening, core, and cover with a strategy that varies according to the indicators of social-emotional development. The learning process is the use of the game "Coloured Stick" which is systematically designed and integrated so as to facilitate its application. The application of this tool was tested in small groups of 8 students over eight meetings in July and August 2015, and a large group of 14 students over 12 meetings in August and September 2015 in Fithria Islamic Kindergarten, South Jakarta. Subjects in the test groups were teachers and kindergarten students. The results of both the trial groups were seen from the difference between initial and final assessments. The small trial group results increased by 0.1 points (4.88%) up to 0.29 points (9.76%) whereas the large trial group results increased by 0.05 points (1.63%)to 0.93 points (30.83%). Descriptive this increase occurred in the child are varied and each child's progress in socio-emotional capabilities in the grain or indicators of social-emotional abilities are different. This is very possible because each child has a differing ability to absorb the learning content. The results show that the colored sticks game tool can help children develop social skills because the learning process can be carried out in groups. In addition to boosting the child's emotional development, it can also help children develop confidence and respect for themselves, not become easily frustrated because the concepts are according to the age and development of the children, and to exercise patience because they have to wait for their turn to play.
CONNECTIONS BETWEEN SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS EMPLOYEES WITH DISABILITIES
Authors: Balázs-Földi Emese 
Published: September 2021

Since the annexation to the European Union, exceptional attention has been directed to equal opportunities and equal treatment of disadvantaged social groups in Hungary too. The Hungarian state tries to ensure the first and foremost with legal tools. It is, however, not enough to result in lasting changes in the attitude of society. Personal experiences, as well as, positive messages transmitted by others can produce a positive effect on the development of inclusive approaches. With respect to sociodemographic characteristics (e.g. gender, age, school qualification) investigations into this field suggest different research results. The questionnaire data collection took place in three districts of Hungary. The research was aimed at questioning two test groups, on one hand, the employees of social institutions who mainly deal with disadvantaged persons, on the other hand, the residents of the given districts, who have the knowledge and approach of an average citizen. The ingenuity of the research is put down to the fact that in Hungary there had never been researching to explore the attitudes of social employees. A total of 747 persons filled in the questionnaires, out of which 408 employees in social institutions and 339 district residents. This present study discloses the deeper connections of the research results which are observable between the two test groups’ attitudes to persons with disabilities and sociodemographic characteristics. Its significance is crucial in identifying the characteristics of the colleague playing an actual role in the integration who, as a reference person, with his own personal involvement can promote the integration of disabled persons into workplace communities. In the research of attitudes three well-distinguished clusters were outlined, which were named as follows: accepting, uncertain/indifferent, rejecting. The study investigates what kind of sociodemographic characteristics the residents, and social workers who belong to the three clusters have. Do people who belong to the same cluster posses similar attributes in both test samples? What kind of attributes has the residents and social workers got who show a higher level of acceptance? According to the findings of the research, the attitudes of the district residents differ in age, school qualification, and personal experience, whereas in the case of the social workers the difference in attitudes depends on age and school qualification.
MAGATARTÁSI NEHÉZSÉGEK KEZELÉSE A XX. SZÁZAD ELSŐ FELÉNEK MAGYAR NÉPISKOLÁIBAN
Authors: Pornói Imre 
Published: September 2021

A 19. század vége – és a 20. század első fele a polgári nemzetállamokban az oktatás kiszélesítésének, az analfabétizmus felszámolásának korszaka volt. A tankötelezettségi törvények az alsóbb társadalmi rétegek számára is lehetőséget biztosítottak szociális helyzetük javításában is szerepet játszó iskolai végzettség megszerzésére. Az iskola, mint szocializációs terep, értéknormáiban, magatartási és ismereti elvárásaiban a mindenkori rendszer politikai és társadalmi stabilitását szolgálta. Mivel a társadalom különböző csoportjaiban ezek, az iskola által elvártaktól sok esetben eltértek, a tanulók magatartásában jelentkezve állandó fegyelmezési problémák meglétét okozták, mellyel visszatérően foglalkoztak a pedagógiai, és pszichológiai sajtóban és kiadványokban. Magán a fegyelmezésen általában a külső rend megteremtését értették, mely során fő szerepet játszott a pedagógus példaadása a rendre, pontosságra szoktatásban. Tiszteletet ébresztőnek tartották a pedagógus jóakaratát, igazságosságát, részrehajlástól és személyeskedéstől mentességét a jutalmazás és a büntetés során. A büntetési formák iskolafokozatonként eltérőek voltak. Az elemi népiskolában a négyszemközt való megintés, pirongatás, padból való kiállítás eredménytelensége esetén a tanulót felügyelet mellett bennmarasztalták az iskolában. A szülő értesítése, s a tanuló tantestület előtt való megintése előzte meg a gondnokságnak történő bejelentést. Utóbbi intézkedésével fejeződött be a népiskola büntetések sora. A polgári és a középiskolákban az osztályfőnöki és az igazgatói megrovást a tanári testület előtt való megrovás, az intézetből való csendes, illetve az ország valamennyi polgári, illetve középiskolájából való eltávolítás, kizárás követte. Utóbbihoz az illetékes felsőbb hatóságok jóváhagyására volt szükség. Ezen iskolákban a testi fenyítésen túl tiltott volt a bezárás, különböző büntetési feladatok adása, a kitérdeltetés, az óráról való kiküldés, s a táplálékmegvonás is.
ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE SPORT OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES, I. E.: IS THE SPORT IMPORTANT IN THE LIVES OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES?
Authors: Balázs-Földi Emese , Villás Miklós 
Published: September 2021

The equal opportunities approach of the second half of the 20th century emphasizes the social inclusion of disadvantaged groups, including persons with disabilities. Education and employment play a key role in achieving integration. Nevertheless, other fields such as leisure time and sporting activities also contribute positively to the social involvement of persons with disabilities. At present nearly 7,000 persons with disabilities are registered in Hungary who pursue sports competitively, of whom approximately 5,000 persons with intellectual disabilities (Regényi et.al, 2017). The study discloses the partial results of a research aimed at revealing the awareness of the Hungarian population regarding the sport of people with disabilities. As such research has never been carried out in Hungary before, it can fill in a niche. The results of our exploratory research may be the starting point for further investigations. The importance of the topic is given by the fact that thanks to the sport the focus is on the outstanding performance of the social group concerned rather than on their limitations and deficiencies, which therefore reinforces the positive and accepting attitude of citizens. Previous research findings have highlighted that the nature of disability-related knowledge influences the way the members of society think about persons with disabilities, i.e. when it is possible to provide information and gain experience focusing on the existing abilities and strengths of the above -mentioned group, attitudes become more positive as well. The findings of the research reveal that respondents consider it important to pursue sport within an integrated framework, at the same time they feel it is justified to do segregated sports with a view to persons with disabilities. Based on the results we can state that the media coverage of achievements in sports competitions of persons with disabilities is perceived as low level, but apparently it is not considered to be a key area in the lives of persons with disabilities.
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IMPLEMENTED IN THE FORM OF EXTRA-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES
Authors: Godawa Grzegorz , Rzewucka Paulina 
Published: September 2021

The aim of inclusive education is to adapt educational requirements, educational organization and learning conditions to the needs and capabilities of each pupil in a multifaceted way. Inclusive education is implemented by the educational systems of the European Union Member States. In Poland its history began in the 1990s. Many activities are currently being undertaken to create the best possible conditions for the development of the potential of each pupil. The school environment in cooperation with the family is responsible for taking all possible measures to eliminate barriers which prevent the child from being given proper education. In particular, this task is related to the care for a child with disabilities. In the Polish educational system, there are many forms of implementing the postulate of inclusive education. It is worth emphasizing the activity of day-care centres which provide extra-curricular education for children. The school day-care centre is a place where inclusive education is a daily practice. The article presents a case study of the activity of a day-care centre in one of the schools with inclusive classes in Krakow. The description of the day-care centre functioning made it possible to present the diversity of activities undertaken in it. The data was extended by referring to the opinions of parents and children.
ISSUE OF FAILURE OF ROMA STUDENTS AT SCHOOL
Authors: Tóth Norbert 
Published: September 2021

The phenomenon can be encountered day by day that at primary schools there are just a few Roma children among well-performing students, while among students who fail in fulfilling the requirements there are a great amount of Roma pupils. The question may come to the surface intuitively: What are the reasons behind that? The paper aims to discover and explain this problem relying on the relevant literature.
ABORTION: A NEVER-ENDING INTERDISCIPLINARY DEBATE
Authors: Simó Ferenc Zoltán 
Published: September 2021

This study is the second part of the examination, considering the multifaceted feature of debates surrounding the termination of pregnancy. Although we may suppose that the so-called pro-life and pro-choice supporters have already paved their rigid ways of thinking with no possibility or hope for any modification, it might come as a surprise to learn that even Christian and Buddhist points of view can be tuned. Health-related disciplines, such as psychology keep reflecting on the issues of abortion with more and more emphasis on the post period of it.
THE IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: AN EVIDENCE FROM THE ISLAMIC BANKS IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Mahmood Muhammad Riaz , Khurshid Muzammil , Farhat Hafiza , Naveed Shagufta , Ahmad Muhammad Irfan 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The study seeks to look at the impact of intellectual capital on the financial performance of Islamic banks in Pakistan.
Methodology: This study employed the regression model by using different Islamic banks. In this scenario, the data were collected from the Islamic banks in Pakistan from 2010 to 2019. The financial performance was measured through return on assets and intellectual capital was measured through human capital efficiency, structured capital efficiency, and capital employed efficiency.
Main Findings: The study concluded that human capital influences the return on assets which increases the financial performance of Islamic banks. The rest of the components of intellectual capital negatively influence the performance of Islamic banks.
Applications of the Study: This study enables us to understand the importance of IC and helps the management of the Islamic banks to get benefit from it.
Novelty/ Originality of this study: This is an original study that has not been published before in any journal. The present study contributes to the existing knowledge of the literature on intellectual capital by throwing the light on the previous studies made regarding the Islamic banks and it is useful for the policymakers.
Prawo konsumenta do obniżenia całkowitego kosztu kredytu konsumenckiego – zarys problemu
Authors: Gnych-Pietrzak Wiktor 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the article is to present the issues related to qualifying the costs of a consumer credit, such as commission and fees, to costs associated with the loan period, and thus subject to reduction in the event of early loan repayment. Based on the research, a thesis was formulated that for the correct transposition and implementation of EU law, it is required to ensure the possibility of reducing all costs of a consumer loan, therefore the above costs should be considered related to the loan period and should be proportionally reduced.
Methodology: For the purposes of the research, the legal-dogmatic and analytical methods were used. The jurisprudence of Polish courts and the Court of Justice of the European Union was analyzed. The adopted time horizon of the study covered the period from 12/05/2010 to 31/12/2020. The judgments published in the resources of Lex and Legalis Legal Information Systems and the Portal of Judgments of Common Courts as at 31/12/2020 were taken into account.
Results of the research: It was found that the judicature largely adopted a broad approach to the problem presented, even before the judgment of the CJEU in case C-383/18, which confirms the thesis adopted for the purposes of the article. Consequently, consumers who have concluded a consumer credit agreement are entitled to a proportional reduction to all costs they had to incur in connection with the concluded agreement. In particular, these are incidental, one-off costs such as commission and preparation fee, which are subjected to reduction.
Makroekonomiczne determinanty ryzyka kredytowego w Polsce ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem kursów walut obcych
Authors: Pluskota Anna 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the article. The aim of the study is to show the impact of the key macroeconomic determinants of the credit risk of the banking sector in Poland in 2011–2020. This aim was achieved by analysis of the Pearson correlation coefficient and econometric models allowing to determine the impact of individual variables on the NPL index.
Methodology: The empirical part includes the presentation and description of basic descriptive statistics, as well as the calculation of the Pearson correlation coefficient with the interpretation of the obtained results. The dynamic econometric model describing the variability of the NPL ratio was built using mainly macroeconomic variables.
Results of the research: Research has shown the impact of changes in the unemployment rate and the inflation rate on credit risk. On the other hand, the impact of economic growth on the NPL ratio in the analyzed period was not statistically significant. The relationship between credit risk and changes in foreign exchange rates (CHF, USD, EUR) turned out to be negative in the analyzed period, which means that the increases in exchange rates of these currencies did not result in a significant burden of credit risk in the banking sector in Poland.
Gender, action and expression in Pipilotti rist’s ever is over all video art
Authors: Ekinci Berivan 
Published: September 2021

In this study, two channelled and coloured video installation called Ever is Over All dated 1997 by Pipilotti Rist’s being one of the artists who shaped video installations is analysed. In this installation produced by Pipilotti Rist as a woman artist, a woman in an entranced mood is shown smashing the glasses of some of the cars parked on the roadside. There is the vast space of the flower field on the one side and then there is a cheerful woman as the main character crashing the glasses of the parked cars on the roadside with a long stemmed flower just like from the field. The female body is especially important in audio and video installations of Rist. This installation by the artist has been assessed in terms of gender, action (movement), expression, freedom and solidarity. The flower used by the woman to smash the car glasses is considered over themes such as nature, life and woman and the fact that a passing by female police officer does not intervene in the situation and goes on her way just by greeting our heroine and smiling is assessed using concepts such as gender, action/movement, expression and freedom. In this research, the effects created by the medium of expression in art are touched upon in the video installation titled Ever is Over All and it has been concluded that the subjects and objects included in the video inspire the solidarity of woman, community and nature.

Keywords: video art, Pipilotti Rist, Gender-Action-Expression
Competencias Digitales Estudiantiles Ante la Educación Virtual en Tiempos de Pandemia de Covid-19. Caso de Estudio Educación Técnica y Tecnológia
Authors: Sánchez Edwin Alberto Cantos , Rivera Jorge Tarquino Erazo , Hernández David Jesús Macías , Carolina Gema Carolina Correa , Holguín Sabina Florencia Montiel 
Published: September 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como finalidad obtener una caracterización y descripción de grupos, determinando el nivel de desarrollo de las competencias digitales en una institución superior tecnológica ecuatoriana, teniendo relación con la importancia y uso de la utilización de las TICS por parte del aprendizaje, haciendo contexto de la educación superior del siglo 21. Para ello, la encuesta realizada a los estudiantes del Instituto Técnico Superior Juan Bautista Aguirre consistieron en Competencias Digitales Básicas (COBADI®) y variables categóricas, participaron 1.408 estudiantes de carreras técnicas y tecnológicas, la metodología que se utilizó en el presente estudio es mixta, ya que se realizó un análisis descriptivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo, donde las etapas se basan principalmente en un proceso de análisis de datos, los resultados del estudio evidencian independientemente del sexo y rango de edad de los estudiantes, determina que existen cuatro grupos claramente diferenciados o formas de uso y consumo de las TICS de diferentes manera para realizar actividades, tanto personales como académicas, los cuales ayudan a identificar diferentes desarrollos de competencias digitales. Este estudio ayuda y permite determinar una línea de base que sirva para poder trabajar posteriormente en el desarrollo de las competencias digitales que sean necesarias en los institutos, las cuales deben ser realizadas por los estudiantes.
The purpose of this research work is to obtain a characterization and description of groups, determining the level of development of digital competences in an Ecuadorian higher technological institution, having relation to the importance and use of the use of ICT by learning, making context of 21st century higher education. For this, the survey carried out to the students of the Juan Bautista Aguirre Higher Technical Institute consisted of Basic Digital Competences (COBADI®) and categorical variables, 1,408 students of technical and technological careers participated, the methodology that was used in the present study is mixed, since a descriptive analysis was carried out, with a quantitative approach, where the stages are mainly based on a data analysis process, the results of the study are evidenced regardless of the sex and age range of students, determines that there are four groups clearly differentiated or forms of use and consumption of ICT in different ways to carry out activities, both personal and academic, which help to identify different developments of digital skills. This study helps and allows to determine a baseline that serves to be able to work later in the development of the digital skills that are necessary in the institutes, which must be carried out by the students.