bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Parkinsonian Motor Symptoms Using Non-Invasive Motion Sensing Technology
Authors: Sakaleros John , Shamloo Farzin , Shanghavi Aditya , Sereno Anne 
Published: December 2021

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is characterized by impaired movement, resting tremor, and muscle rigidity. The Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) is a standardized protocol used by neurologists to measure progression of disease as well as evaluation of treatments. However, this examination is subjective, time consuming, and results can be affected by stress, diet, or sleep. Our goal is to develop a non-invasive device that can record objective clinically-relevant measurements during subtasks of the UPDRS to allow for remote evaluations, which would be beneficial considering the frequency of clinical visits for medication adjustments. Five healthy individuals (ages 21-59) completed UPDRS tasks 3.6 (pronation/supination of hands) and 3.17 (rest tremor amplitude). Participants performed these tasks twice, first normally and second simulating PD patients (tremor, bradykinesia, reduction of movement amplitude) after viewing example videos. Motion data including linear and angular accelerations in 3 dimensions was acquired using a lightweight wrist-mounted motion sensor. Three features were extracted: (1) Power of higher frequency components of the linear acceleration signal (rest task), as a measure of resting tremor amplitude. (2) Power of higher frequency components of the rotational acceleration signal (pronation/supination task), as a measure of bradykinesia. (3) Standard deviation of the local maxima of the rotational acceleration (pronation/supination task), as a measure of reduction in movement speed and amplitude. These features were used to correctly differentiate trials completed with and without simulated PD symptoms, using an SVM classifier with leave-one-out cross validation accuracy of 95%. These findings suggest it is possible to capture clinical features of PD using motion sensors. Future work in PD patients will examine how these measures correlate with UPDRS evaluations and whether they will be helpful in providing a quick, objective telehealth measure of progression and treatment response that can supplement current tools.
Applying Grounded Theory to Understand Asian Women’s Motivations to Donate Healthy Breast Tissue
Authors: Wu Cynthia , Ridley-Merriweather Katherine E. , Storniolo Anna Maria V. 
Published: December 2021

Background: The Komen Tissue Bank (KTB) is a clinical trial and the only global biorepository that collects and stores healthy breast tissue to be used as controls in breast cancer (BC) research. Due to a variety of barriers, there is a lack of participation by racial and ethnic minority women in tissue donation. In order to increase this participation, it is necessary to understand why or why not these populations choose to participate in clinical trials such as the KTB. This study used grounded theory methodology to explore the motivations behind Asian women’s decisions to donate their breast tissue.
Methods: Guided by grounded theory, we conducted interviews with previous breast tissue donors who self-identified as Asian (n=20). We then transcribed and coded the interviews to discover common attitudes and motivations for participating in breast tissue donation.
Findings: Preliminary findings were obtained from 11 interviews. We identified three common themes that influenced these women’s donations: altruistic behavior, comfort with science, and Asian identity. Identified sub-themes include factors such as personal ties to BC and background in research and clinical trials. It is of note that over half of the women expressed Asian identity and comfort with science as important factors, and all mentioned altruistic tendencies, either towards family or towards research and others.
Conclusion and Future Work: We identified common factors for donating healthy breast tissue from using grounded theory to interview previous donors of Asian descent. We will transcribe and code 9 more interviews, as well as use those interviews to confirm theoretical saturation. The findings from this study will be used in the future to inform a framework for developing recruitment strategies to increase overall participation of historically excluded individuals in the KTB. Future work will include exploring the motivations of Latinas regarding donating their healthy breast tissue.
Disparities and Poor Outcomes for Patients Diagnosed with Lung Cancer Through the Emergency Department
Authors: Blucker Nathaniel , Pettit Nicholas 
Published: December 2021

Background and Hypothesis: Cancer is currently the second leading cause of death in the United States, with lung cancer being the leading cause of cancer death. Approximately 40% of patients with lung cancer are diagnosed emergently, many at advanced stages, and occur despite the existence of lung cancer screening. However, local trends among Eskenazi Health patients are unknown. We hypothesize that individuals diagnosed with lung cancer through emergency presentations at Eskenazi Health will experience greater negative outcomes than individuals who are diagnosed through elective routes.
Experimental Design of Project Methods: This is a retrospective chart review utilizing the Eskenazi Health electronic medical health records system. Patients with an ICD-coded lung cancer diagnosis within the five-year period between 2016 and 2021 were analyzed. We compared characteristics, health care utilization, and outcomes for adult patients who had a diagnosis of lung cancer. Our primary outcome was the number of patients diagnosed with lung cancer emergently.
Results: Thus far, 74% of the cases viewed have been considered emergent diagnoses of lung cancer. Of the total cases, 54% of emergent diagnoses and 32% of non-emergent are stage IV. Mortality rates of both stage IV groups respectively are 74% and 62.5%. Overall mortality rates were 56.6%, and 45.9% for emergent and non-emergent diagnoses respectively. Amongst the diagnoses viewed, 93.8% failed to occur due to lung cancer screening. Rates of screening amongst the emergent group were lower at 6.6%, as opposed to non-emergent cases at 24%.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: A significant portion of lung cancer diagnoses at Eskenazi Health are taking place due to presentation through emergent routes. The stage of these diagnoses suggests possible missed opportunities for earlier diagnosis. Additionally, a large part of the patient population currently qualifies for lung cancer screening despite low rates of screening being performed. Future work should emphasize reducing the number of patients emergently diagnosed with lung cancer.
Clinical Activity of Anti-HER2-Antibody Drug Conjugates in HER2-Mutated Metastatic Cancer Patients
Authors: Brougham Albert J. , Solzak Jeffrey , Radovich Milan 
Published: December 2021

Background/Objective: Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) deliver potent cytotoxic therapy in a highly targeted manner by binding cancer-specific cell surface antigens. HER2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is commonly amplified in breast and gastric cancers, but more recently has been shown to harbor gain-of-function activating mutations in several cancer types. Recent observations have suggested that HER2-ADCs may be viable therapies for patients that harbor these activating mutations. This research retrospectively explores the efficacy of HER2-ADCs in metastatic cancer patients in a real-world setting.
Methods: Patient information was gathered from the Precision Genomics program at IU Health, narrowed for specific mutation criteria (HER2 pathogenic mutation), cross referenced with OncoKB to legitimize oncogenicity, and selected for patients prescribed HER2-ADCs. For these patients, pre-treatment and mid-treatment CT-scans were analyzed following RECIST protocols. The primary outcomes were overall response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), and progression free survival (PFS). Secondary outcomes were to tabulate the frequency and clinical characteristics of HER2-mutated tumors.
Results: Out of 517 patients with somatic HER2 mutations, 60 patients had a pathogenic HER2 mutation. Of these 60 patients, the most common tumor types were 26.67% Breast and 11.67% Bladder/Urothelial. 11 of 60 patients were prescribed a HER2-ADC (Trastuzumab Emtansine = 10, Trastuzumab Deruxtecan = 1). 8 of 11 patients were evaluable for response with RECIST criteria with 1 patient having a partial response, 4 patients having stable disease and 3 patients having progressive disease. ORR=13%, CBR=63%, Median PFS = 2.77 months (95% CI: 2.15-3.39 months).
Conclusion/Implications: To our knowledge, this is the first report of HER2-ADCs demonstrating clinical activity in HER2-mutated cancers across tumor types. Further clinical trials are ongoing that will validate these initial findings.
Post-COVID-19 Fatigue: Demographic Distribution and Relation to Chronic Illnesses
Authors: Chaudhary Aysha , Paters Jessica , Flanagan Mindy , Pfafman Rachel , Carroll Jeanne , Chang Fen-Lei 
Published: December 2021

Objective: This retrospective study examined the relationship between post-COVID (PC) fatigue and the presence of chronic illnesses.
Materials and Methods: Electronic health records of 122 Parkview PC Clinic patients were reviewed for demographics (age, gender, race), chronic illnesses (diabetes, hypothyroidism, hypertension, congestive heart failure, anemia, cancer, orthostatic hypotension), obesity (weight, BMI), complaint of fatigue, and activities affected by fatigue. Data was analyzed using Chi-square tests for categorical variables (or Fisher’s exact test for small cell sizes) and t-tests for continuous variables. Open thematic coding of activities most affected by PC fatigue was performed.
Results: 95 out of 122 patients (77.9%) were found to have PC fatigue. Except for measures related to obesity, none of the chronic illnesses assessed were correlated with the presence of fatigue. The weight of PC fatigue patients was significantly higher than those without fatigue (p=0.04). Examination of BMI and obesity status also indicated significantly higher BMI (p=0.01) and levels of obesity (p= 0.004) in PC fatigue groups compared to the PC non-fatigue groups. No significant differences were observed between the groups in either PT test. Examination of patient described activities effected by PC fatigue found work (30.4%), daily stamina (28.6%) and ability to exercise (16.7%) most impacted by PC fatigue. Other activities affected by PC fatigue included housework (5.6%), hobbies (3.7%), shopping (1.9%) and driving (1.9%).
Conclusion: 77.9% of our PC patients showed symptoms of fatigue. This is comparable with existing literature. None of the demographic variables and PT tests, or most of the chronic health conditions investigated, were correlated with the presence of fatigue in PC patients. In contrast, measures associated with obesity, including high BMI and weight, were significantly associated with increased PC fatigue presentation. Open thematic coding of qualitative variables indicated work, daily stamina, and exercise were most affected in PC patients.
MAK122: A Novel Drug Utilizing Innovative Fracture Site Targeting Technology to Improve Bone Healing
Authors: Hux Nicholas , Nielson Jeffery , De Andrade Staut Caio , Alentado Vincent , Elsayed Abduallah , Dalloul Christopher , Zike Samuel , Tewari Nikhil , Nazzal Murad , Battina Hanisha , Brinker Alex , Shaikh Mustafah , Myers Sarah , Blosser Rachel , Dadwal Ushashi , Li Jiliang , Low Stewart , Low Philip , Kacena Melissa 
Published: December 2021

Megakaryocytes play a pivotal role in the bone fracture healing process through enhancing osteoblast proliferation, osteoclastogenesis, and angiogenesis. Current fracture repair therapies require direct implantation during surgery (BMP-2, grafts etc.), which has limitations. In order to address this, a novel drug, compound MAK122, was created with targeting technology that directs its actions to the fracture site without needing to be implanted during surgery, limiting undesirable offsite effects, increasing the quantity of drug at the fracture site, and allowing for non-invasive treatment following assessment of the natural healing process. Therefore, this study examined the ability of MAK122 to stimulate megakaryocytes and subsequent bone healing. To accomplish this, male mice on a C57BL/6 background underwent a surgically induced femoral fracture. Following surgery, the mice were injected daily for the first 7 days with either saline (vehicle) or MAK122. Mice were then euthanized 2, 3 and 4 weeks post-surgery. Fracture healing was assessed by standard and novel methodologies. Biweekly X-rays were evaluated and bone union was scored showing that MAK122 accelerated bone healing compared to controls. Ex vivo µCT analysis demonstrated that MAK122 increased callus volume and the percentage of mineralized callus tissue compared to vehicle treatment. Biomechanical testing showed that MAK122 treatment resulted in stronger repairs as compared to vehicle treated controls with nearly a 2-fold increase in twist to failure and toughness parameters. Additionally, histological assessment demonstrated accelerated remodeling in MAK122 treated femurs compared to those treated with saline. Taken together, these pre-clinical data suggest that MAK122 is capable of promoting an environment in which megakaryocytes can favorably influence bone remodeling mechanisms, expediting fracture repair in murine models. Though further pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and toxicology studies are required, MAK122 displays potential to serve as a state-of-the-art therapy for improving fracture healing in humans.
Association between Biomarkers of Inflammation and Delirium in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19.
Authors: Gallagher Clare , Davis Joseph L. , Lee Eugene , Khan Sikandar H. , Perkins Anthony J. , Gao Sujuan , Khan Babar A. 
Published: December 2021

Background: Critical illness with COVID-19 is associated with increased delirium duration and severity, and delirium is associated with poor health outcomes. The pathophysiology of delirium in this population is not well understood but neuroinflammation is hypothesized to play a key role.
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between biomarkers of systemic inflammation and delirium in critically ill patients with COVID-19.
Design: Observational retrospective data extraction study from March 1, 2020 – June 7, 2020. Biomarker levels and delirium occurrence were assessed up to the first 14 days in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Setting: Two large, urban, academic referral hospitals in Indianapolis, IN
Patients: Two hundred thirty-five patients admitted to the ICU with a positive SARS-Co-V2 PCR test
Methods and Main Results: A total of 235 consecutive patients admitted to the ICU were included in the analysis. The cohort had a mean age of 58.6 years (SD: 15.4), 43.4% were female, 45.9% were African American, with median Acute Physiology and Chronic Evaluation-II score of 18.0 (IQR: 13.0 -15.0). Delirium occurred in 176 (79.1%). Increased levels of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) were associated with increased odds of delirium and coma (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.49, p=0.004). Increased levels of D-dimer were not associated with increased odds of delirium/coma (OR: 0.94, 95% CI 0.76, 1.16, p=0.574). Increased levels of ferritin (OR: 1.04, 95% CI 0.84, 1.29, p=0.717) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were also not associated with increased odds of delirium/coma (OR: 0.86, 95% CI 0.70, 1.06, p=0.149). Elevated levels of creatine kinase (CK) levels were associated with lower odds of delirium/coma (OR: 0.71 95% CI 0.52, 0.97, p=0.033).
Conclusion: Increased levels of biomarkers of inflammation and thrombosis were associated with greater odds of delirium and coma. Further studies are needed to validate these results in a larger population.
“This project was funded, in part, with support from the NIH NHLBI Short-Term Training Program in Biomedical Sciences Grantfunded, in part by T35HL110854 from the National Institutes of Health. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.”
Refractive Outcomes of Patients Treated for Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Khan Ayesha , Haider Kathryn 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease where the blood vessels in the eye fail to develop appropriately in infants born prematurely. Two effective treatments for ROP include laser photocoagulation therapy and intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB). Laser therapy has been linked to causing high myopia in children post-treatment. We hypothesize that patients treated with IVB alone or in combination with laser will have less myopia development than patients treated with laser therapy alone.
Methods:
Patient demographics, treatment details, refractive data at 6-9 months and 3-4 years, the occurrence of strabismus at 3 years, and the most recent vision data were collected from 133 ROP patients. Patients not treated at IU health and those lost to follow-up, or deceased before both eye exams, were excluded from the study. Quantitative analysis was used to compare the refractive error, strabismus, and vision outcomes between the three treatment groups. A linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the number of laser spots applied and refractive error.
Results:
Refractive outcomes at 6-9 months and 3-4 years, occurrence of strabismus, and vision outcomes were statistically similar between the three treatment groups. However, the laser group had the most occurrences of high myopia. We also observed a 0.002 unit decrease in refractive error, reported at 6–9-months, with each laser spot applied (p<0.001). This may be due to the influence of outliers because no significant relationship was seen at the 3–4 year exam.
Conclusion and Potential Impact:
There was no difference in outcomes among patients treated with IVB, laser, or a combination of both, with the exception of more myopic outliers in the laser-only group. We can therefore assume that ROP patients who have received one of these three treatments had developed differences in myopia independent of treatment modality.
MCMA: A Symbolic Multitrack Contrapuntal Music Archive
Authors: Aljanaki Anna , Kalonaris Stefano , Micchi Gianluca , Nichols Eric 
Published: December 2021

We present Multitrack Contrapuntal Music Archive (MCMA, available at https://mcma.readthedocs.io), a symbolic dataset of pieces specifically curated to comprise, for any given polyphonic work, independent voices. So far, MCMA consists only of pieces from the Baroque repertoire but we aim to extend it to other contrapuntal music. MCMA is FAIR-compliant and it is geared towards musicological tasks such as (computational) analysis or education, as it brings to the fore contrapuntal interactions by explicit and independent representation. Furthermore, it affords for a more apt usage of recent advances in the field of natural language processing (e.g., neural machine translation). For example, MCMA can be particularly useful in the context of language-based machine learning models for music generation. Despite its current modest size, we believe MCMA to be an important addition to online contrapuntal music databases, and we thus open it to contributions from the wider community, in the hope that MCMA can continue to grow beyond our efforts. In this article, we provide the rationale for this corpus, suggest possible use cases, offer an overview of the compiling process (data sourcing and processing), and present a brief statistical analysis of the corpus at the time of writing. Finally, future work that we endeavor to undertake is discussed.
Análisis estratégico de la política de internacionalización en una institución de educación superior en Colombia
Authors: Yepes Zuluaga Sara María , Montes Granada Willer Ferney 
Published: December 2021

Se presenta una investigación cualitativa descriptiva y documental teniendo como objeto de estudio la Política de Internacionalización (PI) del Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano (ITM), institución pública adscrita al Municipio de Medellín - Colombia; se emplea una metodología basada en la técnica de análisis documental, aplicada sobre documentos de organismos referentes internacionales de la Educación Superior (ES), planes y programas gubernamentales a nivel nacional y local; para validar la coherencia, pertinencia y gestión estratégica dispuesta para que la PI permee los ejes misionales institucionales, así como verificar su aporte a los propósitos definidos en los componentes teleológicos institucionales y a los Planes de Desarrollo Regionales y Nacionales. Para lograr esto se generan tablas de análisis con los hallazgos encontrados, visualizando un alto grado de coherencia entre los cinco ejes estratégicos de la PI con los ideales propuestos en los documentos de estos organismos internacionales, que incluyen una mirada al entorno global; se concluye que la PI va muy de la mano con los planes de desarrollo nacionales y locales, fortaleciendo características implícitas al desarrollo humano con una perspectiva global.
Experience of implementation in educational process modern technologies of FDM 3D printing
Authors: Andrienko Petr , Vasilevskij Vladimir , Vittsivskyi Ivan 
Published: December 2021

Fused Deposition Modeling is an additive manufacturing technology where a temperature-controlled head extrudes a thermoplastic material onto a build platform in a predetermined path. Standard, advanced thermoplastics and composites are used for printing. Among the areas of application for FDM printing, the main ones are rapid prototyping, as well as small-scale and batch production. The purpose of the work is the implementation of FDM 3D printing technology in the educational process of students in specialty 141 "Electroenergy, electrotechnics and electromechanics". The features of the technology of additive manufacturing of electrical apparatuses parts by the method of FDM printing have been investigated. Parts of four standard sizes were printed using ABS + and PLA plastics, namely, current transformer carcasses in the amount of 110 pieces and sensor bodies in the amount of 100 pieces. For printing, an FDM 3D printer was used built on the XZ Head Y Bed kinematic scheme with an open working chamber. The analysis of defects in finished products was carried out, which showed that the main defects are deviations of the actual dimensions and geometric shape of the finished products. Ways to prevent the occurrence of these defects are considered, namely, correcting the size of the model at the stage of preparing the model for printing, minimizing the filling density of the model, using brims in models, setting the optimal temperature of the working platform and simultaneously printing several products. The results of the study o features of the technology of additive manufacturing of electrical apparatuses parts by the method of FDM printing made it possible to develop a set of laboratory works for students of the specialty 141 "Electroenergy, electrotechnics and electromechanics".