bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of structural and functional myocardial characteristics in patients with chronic coronary artery disease and various glycemic status
Authors: Kokozheva M. A. , Mardanov B. U. , Poddubskaya E. A. , Kutsenko V. A. , Umetov M. A. , Mamedov M. N. 
Published: November 2021

Aim. To study the structural and functional myocardial characteristics in patients with exertional angina and type 2 diabetes in comparison with those without diabetes to identify combined hemodynamic changes.Material and methods. Patients were divided into two groups depen - ding on the glycemic status. The first group consisted of 49 patients (mean age, 57,9±1,04 years; male/female, 35/14) with coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes, while the second one (control) — 51 patients (60,2±0,9 years, 34/17) with CAD and without diabetes. Patients were surveyed using a standard questionnaire that included socio-demographic parameters, behavioral risk factors, clinical status, medications received, and comorbidities. Diagnostic investigations were carried out, including resting electrocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography and cycle ergometry.Results. Among patients with CAD and type 2 diabetes, hypertension occurred 20% more often compared with the control group — 98 vs 78% (p<0,004). According to the electrocardiography, the combination of diabetes and CAD was characterized by various arrhythmias, which were recorded 2,8 times more often than in the group without diabetes. According to echocardiography, signs of left ventricular hypertrophy, systolic and diastolic dysfunction prevailed in people with diabetes. Mean pulmonary artery pressure in patients with diabetes were higher than in patients without carbohydrate metabolism disorders (p<0,004). According to the stress test, exercise tolerance in experimental group patients was lower than in patients in the control group.Conclusion. The combination of chronic CAD and type 2 diabetes is cha - racterized by a more common combination with hypertension, impaired central and intracardiac hemodynamics, as well as left ventricular hypertrophy. In people with diabetes, impaired systolic and diastolic myocardial function is combined with reduced exercise tolerance.
Effect of angiotensin II receptor blocker therapy on markers of fibrosis and immune inflammation in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease after ischemic stroke
Authors: Osipova O. A. , Gosteva E. V. , Belousova O. N. , Golivets T. P. , Chefranova J. Yu. , Lykov Yu. A. , Khachaturov A. N. , Golovina N. I. 
Published: November 2021

Aim. To compare the effect of angiotensin II receptor blocker therapy (azilsartan, telmisartan) on fibrosis and immune inflammation markers in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) after ischemic stroke (IS).Material and methods. The study included 76 hypertensive patients aged 60-74 years (mean age, 66±5 years) with CKD after IS. Patients were randomly divided into following pharmacotherapy groups: 38 patients — telmisartan group; 36 patients — azilsartan group. The control group consisted of 20 hypertensive people (mean age, 63±2 years) without a history of CKD and IS. The levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA Kit, USA). The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interferon γ (INF-γ), monocytic chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) were assessed using Vector-Best kit (Russia).Results. Six-month azilsartan therapy led to a decrease in the levels of MMP-9 by 19,9% (p<0,01), TIMP-1 by 7,5% (p<0,05), IL-1β by 7,8%, TNF-α by 13,5%, INF-γ by 7,1%, MCP-1 by 13% (p<0,05). Telmisartan therapy was associated with a decrease in the levels of MMP-9 by 39,1% (p<0,01), TIMP-1 by 16,4%, IL-1β by 10,1% (p<0,05), TNF-α by 20,8% (p<0,01), INF-γ by 14,6% (p<0,05), MCP-1 by 21,3% (p<0,01). Intergroup comparison revealed more pronounced changes in the levels of MMP-9 by 19,2% (p<0,01), TIMP-1 by 7,2% (p<0,05), TNF-α by 7,3% (p<0,05), INF-γ by 7,5% (p<0,05), and MCP-1 by 8,3% (p<0,05) when using telmisartan compared to azilsartan. When using telmisartan, the increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 14,2% (p<0,05) higher compared to azilsartan.Conclusion. Six-month telmisartan therapy in hypertensive patients with CKD after stroke was accompanied by a more pronounced decrease in markers of myocardial fibrosis (MMP-9, TIMP-1) and immune inflammation (TNF-α, INF-γ, MCP-1) compared with azilsartan, as well as with more pronounced improvement in renal function.
On the pathogenetic mechanisms of premature detachment of the normally located placenta
Authors: Zainulina Marina S. 
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study was to study the systemic and regional mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and thrombophilia in the pathogenesis of premature detachment of the normally located placenta.
To fulfill the assigned tasks, 340 women were examined. The main group included 72 women with premature detachment of the normally located placenta. The comparison groups consisted of 81 pregnant women in the III trimester of physiological pregnancy and 187 pregnant women in the III trimester with preeclampsia of varying severity.
The properties of the microflora of the genital tract in women withendocervicitis
Authors: Shirshova N. Y. , Shipitsyna E. V. , Savicheva А. M. , Polyanin А. А. 
Published: November 2021

The characteristics of the genital microflora of 70 non-pregnant women with non-gonococcal endocervicitis and 20 healthy women were characterized. In most cases of endocervicitis, a mixed infection was diagnosed, while chlamydia was most often detected in combination with herpes simplex viruses (HSV) and human papillomavirus (HPV). With monoinfection, ureaplasmas were more often found.
In 20% of healthy women, ureaplasmas were detected in cervical samples. It was found that in 83% of cases of endocervicitis, the vaginal microflora is involved in the pathological process, and most often this is manifested by bacterial and candidal vaginitis. The leading etiological role in the development of endocervicitis in non-pregnant women belongs to ureaplasmas, chlamydia, HSV and HPV.
Does National Debt Matter? -Analysis Based on The Economic Theories
Authors: Han Alex 
Published: November 2021

The national debt has been increasing at a higher percentage than the GDP of the United States. Since the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, national increased dramatically since the country borrowed to finance its expenditures. Moreover, with the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, national debt increased to 105% of the GDP. There have been worries about whether the national debt is a matter of concern, and many theories have been developed to explain national debt. The classical economists advocated for a balanced budget where taxes finance government expenditure. Keynes argued that governments should borrow to finance their spending to avoid a decrease in demand. The pecking order theory argued that when businesses use all their retained earnings, they should prefer debts to equity to finance their expenditures. Trade-off theory advocated for financing through debt because it is cheaper. Debt payments of a company are deductible through tax, and less risk is involved when taking debt than equity. Finally, the neoclassical economists assumed that government debt has a one-time maturity and pays the current interest rate. Using the concepts of these theories, it is clear that national debt should not be a matter of concern because it is cheaper to pay debt than equity and debt benefits a country in the long run.
Sherman Act 1890: Modernization and Impact on Markets
Authors: Han Alex 
Published: November 2021

The major purpose of the Sherman Act was to prevent mergers from forming monopolies. It ensures consumers are protected from price discrimination, and there is free competition. Several economists, classical economists, neoclassical economists, Chicago school and Harvard school, pointed out several antitrust laws. Classical economists led by Smith argued that monopolists set prices at higher prices and raise their charges higher through understocking the markets hence corporations and mergers should be prevented. Neoclassical economists developed a model which assumes that there are no barriers to entry whereby there is free entry to the market. Harvard school also advocated for free competition. Either, the Chicago school was against the idea of free competition and proposed some acts from the antitrust laws to be removed. However, with advancements in technology, the Sherman Act has become outdated and some languages used are held, making it a challenge to interpret in courts. There is a need for the antitrust laws to be reformed to fit the changing technology. Bills should be proposed to make improvements to the acts. For example, Klobuchar Amy, in April 2021, proposed a bill seeking to reform antitrust laws to better perfect competition in the American economy.
Investigation the Relationship between Anxiety Attachment Style, Anger Rumination, Spouse Forgiveness, and Marital Quality
Authors: Naderi Nobandegani Zahra , Shiralinia Khadije , Yasaminejad Parisa 
Published: November 2021

Background: The quality of the marital relationship has received more attention from family researchers in recent years; as many factors can affect and be affected by it. Therefore, this study made an attempt to investigate the structural relationships between anxiety attachment style, anger rumination.
Methods: The study population consisted of all married people in Shiraz. Among them, 204 married people (168 females and 36 males) were selected using the convenience sampling method and filling out Revised Adult Attachment Scale; Collins and Reid, Anger rumination scale; Sukhodolsky, Golub, Cromwell, Family Forgiveness Scale; Pollard, Anderson, Anderson, and Jennings, and Revision of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale Busby, Christensen, Crane, Larson. The method of research was correlation using path analysis. Then AMOS24 and SPSS24 were used for analyzing the data.
Results: Data analysis indicated that the path between anxiety attachment style to anger rumination, (p<0.000, β=0.56), spouse forgiveness, (p<0.009, β=-0.19), anger rumination to spouse forgiveness, (p<0.002, β=-0.36) marital quality (p<0.001, β=-0.16), spouse forgiveness to marital quality, (p<0.000, β=-0.68) were significant. All the coefficients were significant in 0.01 level. Also fit model indicators were: GFI=0.99, CFI=0.99, TLI=0.98, RFI=0.97 and χ2/df= 1.57. The structural relationships of the anxiety attachment style, anger rumination, spouse forgiveness and the marital quality as proposed in the conceptual model were significant.
Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be said that that married people with anxious attachment style regarding the challenges of marital life, ruminate more anger in relation to their spouse, which can reduce the amount of forgiveness and, ultimately marital quality.
The legal impact of the Corona pandemic on the deadlines for submitting commercial papers
Authors: Mustafa Hardi Tofiq 
Published: November 2021

The Corona pandemic that the world is experiencing is one of the most prominent global disasters today, and has become the subject of great interest from all countries of the world, especially since its effects were not limited to the health aspect only, but extended to the economic, legal, political and social aspect in the lives of individuals, which has resulted in countries entering into conflict with this pandemic by taking a set of preventive measures to combat its spread, and perhaps the most important of these decisions was the imposition of home quarantine on citizens and forcing social distance, in addition to terminating many commercial activities, , which leads to make the implementation of commitments almost impossible. This research aims at determining the legal nature of the Corona pandemic, and whether it can be considered as a force majeure, or is it just an emergency? What is the impact of this pandemic on the deadline for submitting commercial papers for acceptance and fulfillment? Is the legal holder of the commercial transfer, who was not able to submit it for acceptance and fulfillment within the deadlines, considered a negligent holder? Or force majeure can apply here?
Implementation of E-prescription for Multidose Dispensed Drugs: Qualitative Study of General Practitioners’ Experiences
Authors: Gullslett Monika Knudsen , Strand Bergmo Trine 
Published: November 2021

Background
Increased use of pharmaceuticals challenges both capacity and safety related to medication management for patients and changes in how general practitioners (GPs) and other health personnel interact with and follow up with patients. E-prescribing of multidose drug dispensing (eMDD) is 1 of the national measures being tested in Norway.

Objective
The objective of this study is to explore GPs’ experiences with the challenges and benefits of implementing eMDD in Norway.

Methods
Qualitative in-depth and group interviews were conducted with a total of 25 GPs between 2018 and 2020. Transcribed files were saved in NVivo to conduct a step-by-step content analysis. NVivo is a software tool for organizing, managing, and analyzing qualitative data.

Results
The study revealed that eMDD offers many benefits. At the same time, there are several challenges related to information, training, and initiation, as well as to the responsibility for the medication, interactions, and the risk of incorrect medication. An important activity in the start-up phase was an information meeting with pharmacies and technology suppliers, as well as exchanging information and instructions with pharmacies on how to get started. Four analytic themes emerged through the extraction of data: (1) start-up with eMDD (“Be patient”); (2) the need for training; (3) interaction, safety, and efficiency; and (4) the working day with eMDD.

Conclusions
There is a variation in different GPs’ needs regarding training and information, and considerable variation in competence and motivation related to the use of digital tools. There are also different degrees of understanding the everyday work of the other actors in the medication chain. In particular, the harmonization of medication lists related to the use of time, expenditures, and challenges with technological solutions in the introduction phase was emphasized as a challenge. Overall, GPs who have started using the system report great benefits; these are largely related to an increased overview of patients’ total medication lists, less time spent on prescribing prescriptions, and increased collaboration with pharmacies and nurses, both in service from providers in homes and in nursing homes.
User Experience, Engagement, and Popularity in Mental Health Apps: Secondary Analysis of App Analytics and Expert App Reviews
Authors: Kaveladze Benjamin T , Wasil Akash R , Bunyi John B , Ramirez Veronica , Schueller Stephen M 
Published: November 2021

Background
User experience and engagement are critical elements of mental health apps’ abilities to support users. However, work examining the relationships among user experience, engagement, and popularity has been limited. Understanding how user experience relates to engagement with and popularity of mental health apps can demonstrate the relationship between subjective and objective measures of app use. In turn, this may inform efforts to develop more effective and appealing mental health apps and ensure that they reach wide audiences.

Objective
We aimed to examine the relationship among subjective measures of user experience, objective measures of popularity, and engagement in mental health apps.

Methods
We conducted a preregistered secondary data analysis in a sample of 56 mental health apps. To measure user experience, we used expert ratings on the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) and consumer ratings from the Apple App Store and Google Play. To measure engagement, we acquired estimates of monthly active users (MAU) and user retention. To measure app popularity, we used download count, total app revenue, and MAU again.

Results
MARS total score was moderately positively correlated with app-level revenue (Kendall rank [T]=0.30, P=.002), MAU (T=0.39, P<.001), and downloads (T=0.41, P<.001). However, the MARS total score and each of its subscales (Engagement, Functionality, Aesthetics, and Information) showed extremely small correlations with user retention 1, 7, and 30 days after downloading. Furthermore, the total MARS score only correlated with app store rating at T=0.12, which, at P=.20, did not meet our threshold for significance.

Conclusions
More popular mental health apps receive better ratings of user experience than less popular ones. However, user experience does not predict sustained engagement with mental health apps. Thus, mental health app developers and evaluators need to better understand user experience and engagement, as well as to define sustained engagement, what leads to it, and how to create products that achieve it. This understanding might be supported by better collaboration between industry and academic teams to advance a science of engagement.
Pemikiran Kebahasaan Syeikh Al-Shabuni dalam Kitab Shafwat Al-Tafasir: Analisis terhadap Penafsiran Surat Al-Fatihah
Authors: Suhaimi Suhaimi 
Published: November 2021

Sheikh Muhammad Ali al-Shabuni is a contemporary commentator. The book of Tafsir that he composed was a book entitled Shafwat al-Tafasir. This book has been spread to various countries. One of the aspects that he pays attention to when dealing with verses of the Koran is the linguistic aspect, whether in the form of isytiqaq, balaghah, or other. This has its appeal for every researcher of linguistics and tafsir because it is very useful in applying various linguistic theories through the examples of verses in the Koran. This simple paper focused on seeing it, specifically in surah Al-Fatihah. Through this article, it is hoped that it can describe in general the linguistic thoughts of Sheikh al-Shabuni. AbstractSyeikh Muhammad Ali al-Shabuni merupakan salah seorang mufasir kontemporer. Kitab Tafsir yang ia karang adalah kitab yang berjudul Shafwat al-Tafasir. Kitab ini telah tersebar ke berbagai negara termasuk Indonesia. Salah satu sisi yang beliau perhatikan dalam setiap menghadapi ayat Al-Quran adalah aspek kebahasaan, baik berupa isytiqaq, balaghah ataupun lainnya. Hal tersebut memiliki daya tarik tersendiri bagi setiap peneliti kebahasaan dan tafsir, karena hal tersebut sangat bermanfaat dalam mengaplikasikan berbagai teori kebahasaan melalui contoh-contoh ayat dalam Al-Quran. Makalah sederhana ini difokuskan untuk melihat hal tersebut, khusus dalam surat Al-Fatihah. Melalui artikel ini, diharapkan dapat menggambarkan secara umum tentang pemikiran kebahasaan Syeikh al-Shabuni..
Mashdar dalam Surat Al-Kahfi: Suatu Kajian Morfologis
Authors: Suhemi Emi 
Published: November 2021

Masdar is a word that shows an event that is independent of time. The researcher chose masdar as the object of research because masdar has a very important role in Arabic, especially the recording of masdar as part of shigat or a part of the wazan tasrif isthilahy form, and even some scholars mention masdar as the origin of ushul from a word or lafadh. Researchers are interested in choosing surah al-kahfi as the object of study on masdar because al-Kahfi is one of the surahs that has virtue. And in surah al-Kahfi, almost half of the verse uses the masdar form. This research is library research using a content analysis method or content analysis. And this research has found some 37 forms of masdar consisting of masdar fill stulasty.AbstrakMasdar adalah kata yang menunjukkan suatu kejadian tanpa terikat dengan waktu. Peneliti memilih masdar sebagai objek penelitian karena masdar memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam bahasa Arab terutama tercatatnya masdar sebagai bagian dari shigat atau satu bagian dari bentuk wazan tasrif isthilahy dan bahkan oleh sebagian ulama menyebut masdar sebagai asal ushul dari suatu kata atau lafadh . Peneliti tertarik memilih surah al-kahfi sebagai objek kajian tentang masdar karena al-Kahfi adalah salah satu surah yang memiliki keutamaan. Dan dalam surah al-Kahfi ini hampir setengah dari ujung ayatnya menggunakan bentuk masdar. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka dengan menggunakan methode content analisis atau analisis isi . Dan penelitian ini telah menemukan sejumlah 37 bentuk masdar yang terdiri dari masdarnya fiil- fiil stulasti.
Tafsir Al-Qur’an tentang Jual Beli
Authors: Zainuddin Zainuddin 
Published: November 2021

The views of the commentators on buying and selling in surah Al-Baqarah verse 275 are interesting to study. Why does Allah repeat the parable of the ignorant Arab society before? It may be that a parable is a form of reality that exists and is not different until now. That is why it is so important that God talks about buying and selling and his position. The analyzes of the commentators are very diverse. Practical facts in the field about buying and selling and usury have not been quietly talked about throughout the ages. This study uses the method of tahlili, one central verse is discussed in detail, through a tafsir approach. The main sources in this study are tafsir books to know the sale and purchase according to the commentators. The result of this finding is that God wants trading to be completely lawful, free from the practice of usury, financial monopolies, and unilateral risk-bearing so that in the practice of trading, the principles of oneness, humanity, justice, and peace are established. AbstrakPandangan para mufasir mengenai jual beli dalam surah Al-Baqarah ayat 275 menarik untuk dikaji. Mengapa Allah menyebut kembali perumpamaan masyarakat Arab jahiliyah dahulu. Bisa jadi permisalan tersebut merupakan bentuk kenyataan yang ada dan tidak berbeda sampai saat ini. Karenanya begitu penting Allah membicarakan tentang jual beli dan kedudukannya. Analisa-analisa para mufassir sangat beragam. Kenyataan praktik di lapangan tentang jual beli dan riba tidak sepi dibicarakan sepanjang zaman. Kajian ini menggunakan metode tahlili, satu ayat sentral dibahas secara rinci, melalui pendekatan tafsir. Sumber utama dalam kajian ini adalah kitab-kitab tafsir dengan tujuan hendak mengetahui jual beli menurut para mufasir. Hasil temuan ini adalah bahwa Allah menginginkan jual beli benar-benar halal, terhindar dari praktik riba, monopoli keuangan, dan penanggungan resiko sepihak sehingga di dalam praktik jual beli terbangun prinsip ketauhidan, kemanusiaan, keadilan dan kedamaian.