bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in executive abilities rather than associative processes contribute to memory development
Authors: Müller Nils C. J. , Kohn Nils , van Buuren Mariët , Klijn Nadia , Emmen Helene , Berkers Ruud M. W. J. , Dresler Martin , Janzen Gabriele , Fernández Guillén 
Published: October 2021

AbstractChildren's learning capabilities change while growing up. One framework that describes the cognitive and neural development of children's growing learning abilities is the two‐component model. It distinguishes processes that integrate separate features into a coherent memory representation (associative component) and executive abilities, such as elaboration, evaluation, and monitoring, that support memory processing (strategic component). In an fMRI study using an object‐location association paradigm, we investigated how the two components influence memory performance across development. We tested children (10–12 years, n = 31), late adolescents (18 years, n = 29), and adults (25+ years, n = 30). For studying the associative component, we also probed how the utilisation of prior knowledge (schemas) facilitates memory across age groups. Children had overall lower retrieval performance, while adolescents and adults did not differ from each other. All groups benefitted from schemas, but this effect did not differ between groups. Performance differences between groups were associated with deactivation of the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), which in turn was linked to executive functioning. These patterns were stronger in adolescents and adults and seemed absent in children. Thus, the children's executive system, the strategic component, is not as mature and thus cannot facilitate memory performance in the same way as in adolescents/adults. In contrast, we did not find age‐related differences in the associative component; with activity in the angular gyrus predicting memory performance systematically across groups. Overall, our results suggest that differences of executive rather than associative abilities explain memory differences between children, adolescents, and adults.
miR‐29a‐3p promotes migration and invasion in ameloblastoma via Wnt/β‐catenin signaling by targeting catenin beta interacting protein 1
Authors: Liu Sai , Liu Dongjuan , Liu Jinwen , Liu Jiayi , Zhong Ming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundAmeloblastoma (AB) is a common epithelial odontogenic tumor. The Wnt/β‐catenin pathway has been found to be related to AB invasion.MethodsThe alteration expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) was performed by miRNA and mRNA microarray analysis and validated by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The effects of miR‐29a‐3p on migration and invasion in AB cells were evaluated by a transwell assay. Bioinformatic prediction was conducted using the miRSystem and validated by quantitative RT‐PCR, western blot, and a luciferase reporter assay.ResultsmiR‐29a‐3p was overexpressed in AB tissues, which promoted the migration and invasion of AB cells in vitro. Catenin beta interacting protein 1 (CTNNBIP1), a negative regulator of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway, was predicted to be a target of miR‐29a‐3p. miR‐29a‐3p inhibited the expression of CTNNBIP1 and promoted the expression of the downstream molecules of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway.ConclusionsmiR‐29a‐3p promoted migration and invasion in AB via Wnt/β‐catenin signaling by targeting CTNNBIP1.
Identifying distinct risks of treatment failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Study based on the dynamic changes in peripheral blood lymphocytes, monocytes, N classification, and plasma Epstein‐Barr virus DNA
Authors: Liu Li‐Ting , Liang Yu‐Jing , Guo Shan‐Shan , Xie Yao , Jia Guo‐Dong , Wen Dong‐Xiang , Tang Lin‐Quan , Chen Qiu‐Yan , Mai Hai‐Qiang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the prognostic value of the dynamic change in absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs) and absolute monocyte counts (AMCs) and identify patients with N stage and plasma Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) DNA levels in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who are at risk of treatment failure.MethodsA total of 1124 eligible patients with Stage II–IVb NPC treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) were enrolled. Percentage changes in the ALC (ΔALC%) and AMC (ΔAMC%) were calculated.ResultsPatients with high ΔALC% were correlated with poorer 5‐year overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), and distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS) rates than those with low ΔALC%. Likewise, high ΔAMC% was significantly associated with worse outcome than low ΔAMC% (OS, p = 0.001; PFS, p = 0.001; DMFS, p = 0.034). Multivariate analyses revealed that ΔALC% (p = 0.046), ΔAMC% (p = 0.019), and EBV DNA level (p < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors for OS. With respect to PFS, ΔALC% (p = 0.036), ΔAMC% (p = 0.011), N classification (p = 0.016), and EBV DNA level (p < 0.001) were also independent prognosticators. Based on the aforementioned independent risk factors (ΔALC% ≥ 83.33%, ΔAMC% ≥ 40.00%, Stage N2–3, EBV DNA ≥ 4000 copies/ml), patients were divided into three different risk groups (low‐risk group [with <1 risk factor], intermediate risk group [with 1–3 risk factors], and high‐risk group [with 4 risk factors]) that correlated with disparate risks of death (p < 0.001), disease progression (p < 0.001), and distant metastasis (p < 0.001).ConclusionsHigh ΔALC% and ΔAMC% were correlated with poor prognosis in patients with NPC. Risk stratification based on ΔALC%, ΔAMC%, N classification, and plasma EBV DNA levels could provide potential utility for risk‐adapted therapeutic strategies for NPC.
Parity is associated with better prognosis in ovarian germ cell tumors, but not in other ovarian cancer subtypes
Authors: Sköld Camilla , Koliadi Anthoula , Enblad Gunilla , Stålberg Karin , Glimelius Ingrid 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOvarian cancer is influenced by reproductive factors, with a reduced risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in parous women. Nonepithelial ovarian cancer frequently affects young women and often precedes or occurs during the childbearing years. However, the impact of reproductive factors on ovarian cancer survival remains unclear: in epithelial ovarian cancer, data are conflicting, and subtype‐specific associations have not been examined, and in nonepithelial ovarian cancer, it has not been studied. Using Swedish registers, we evaluated associations between women's reproductive history and cancer‐specific mortality by subtype of epithelial and nonepithelial ovarian cancer in 3791 women born 1953 and later, diagnosed from 1990 to 2018. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using Cox‐proportional hazard models. Parity was associated with a 78% decreased risk of cause‐specific mortality in 243 women with germ cell tumors (GCTs) (parous vs nulliparous, adjusted for age at diagnosis: HR: 0.22 [95% CI 0.07‐0.62]), with a decreased risk with increasing number of births (per birth: HR: 0.60 [95% CI 0.38‐0.95]). We found no evidence of associations between parity and cause‐specific mortality among the 334 patients with sex‐cord stromal tumors, nor among the 3214 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer; neither overall, nor by subtype. In conclusion, in our large, population‐based study, parity was associated with a clearly better prognosis in GCTs but not in the other ovarian cancer subtypes. Future research on how hormone exposure impacts GCT development may lead to a better understanding of mechanisms affecting survival.
Pharmacist interventions in an outpatient pain clinic at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Authors: Voll Priscell , Brooks Abigail , Vartan Christine M. , DiScala Sandra 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeClinical pharmacist practitioners (CPPs) ensure safe and evidence‐based pharmacotherapy practices. However, there is little information to date characterizing the impact of pain CPP interventions on patient outcomes within a CPP‐managed outpatient chronic and postoperative pain clinic. The primary objective of this study was to classify and quantify the number of pain CPP interventions in the outpatient pain clinic at the West Palm Beach Veteran Affairs Medical Center (WPB VAMC). The secondary objective assessed general patient outcomes associated with pain pharmacotherapy management by a CPP.SummaryA retrospective chart review of pain CPP encounters was utilized to identify interventions over a 12‐month period. A total of 805 pain management encounters with a total of 1993 interventions were recorded by pain CPPs during that time. Descriptive statistics and sample size calculations were used to summarize and evaluate results. Overall, 55% of interventions were pharmacological, 45% were nonpharmacological interventions, and 5% were referrals to other specialty providers. For the secondary objective (n = 107), patients in the pain clinic on opioid therapy experienced an average oral morphine equivalent daily dose (MEDD) reduction of 21 mg without any identified suicide or overdose events and achieved on average 45% of their SMART goals by their last visit. In patients with baseline pain, enjoyment of life, and general activity (PEG) scores (n = 69), there were 43% of patients with improved PEG scores at their last visit in which 14% (10/69) experienced a clinically meaningful improvement in PEG scores.ConclusionPain CPPs demonstrated a reduction in overall MEDDs safely while following the biopsychosocial approach to pain management by incorporating and referring for nonpharmacological interventions as well as completing opioid risk mitigation. Additional studies are needed to better characterize pain CPP impact on patient outcomes.
Vitamin D Actions: The Lung Is a Major Target for Vitamin D, FGF23, and Klotho
Authors: Gayan‐Ramirez Ghislaine , Janssens Wim 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTVitamin D is well known for its role as a calcium regulator and in maintenance of phosphate homeostasis in musculoskeletal health, and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and its coreceptor α‐klotho are known for their roles as regulators of serum phosphate levels. However, apart from these classical actions, recent data point out a relevant role of vitamin D and FGF23/klotho in lung health. The expression of the vitamin D receptor by different cell types in the lung and the fact that those cells respond to vitamin D or can locally produce vitamin D indicate that the lung represents a target for vitamin D actions. Similarly, the presence of the four FGF receptor isoforms in the lung and the ability of FGF23 to stimulate pulmonary cells support the concept that the lung is a target for FGF23 actions, whereas the contribution of klotho is still undetermined. This review will give an overview on how vitamin D or FGF23/klotho may act on the lung and interfere positively or negatively with lung health. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Long noncoding RNA Gas5 induces cell apoptosis and inhibits tumor growth via activating the CHOP‐dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells
Authors: Zhang Wei‐Yi , Zhan Hao‐Lian , Li Ming‐Kai , Wu Guan‐Di , Liu Zhe , Wu Ling‐Fei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn recent years, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to be important tumor‐associated regulatory factors. LncRNA growth arrest‐specific transcript 5 (Gas5) acts as an anti‐oncogene in most cancers. Whether Gas5 acts as an oncogene or anti‐oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. In the present study, the expression and role of Gas5 in HCC were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Lower expression levels of Gas5 were determined in HCC tissues and cells by quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. Overexpressed Gas 5 lentiviral vectors were constructed to analyze their influence on cell viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to identify the subcellular localization of Gas5. Protein complexes that bound to Gas5 were isolated from HepG2 cells through pull‐down experiments and analyzed by mass spectrometry. A series of novel Gas5‐interacting proteins were identified and bioinformatics analysis was carried out. These included ribosomal proteins, proteins involved in protein folding, sorting, and transportation in the ER, some nucleases and protein enzymes involved in gene transcription, translation, and other proteins with various functions.78 kDa glucose‐regulated protein (GRP78) was identified as a direct target of Gas5 by Rip‐qPCR and Western blot analysis assay. Gas5 inhibited HepG2 cell growth and induced cell apoptosis via upregulating CHOP to activate the ER stress signaling pathway. Further studies indicated that the knockdown of CHOP by shRNA partially reversed Gas5‐mediated apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that the ectopic expression of Gas5 inhibited the growth of HCC in nude mice. These findings suggest that Gas5 functions as a tumor suppressor and induces apoptosis through activation of ER stress by targeting the CHOP signal pathway in HCC.
Biomarkers related to fatty acid oxidative capacity are predictive for continued weight loss in cachectic cancer patients
Authors: Catanese Silvia , Beuchel Carl Friedrich , Sawall Teresa , Lordick Florian , Brauer Rommy , Scholz Markus , Ceglarek Uta , Hacker Ulrich T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundCachexia is characterized by a negative protein and energy balance leading to loss of adipose tissue and muscle mass. Cancer cachexia negatively impacts treatment tolerability and prognosis. Supportive interventions should be initiated as early as possible. Biomarkers for early prediction of continuing weight loss during the course of disease are currently lacking.MethodsIn this pilot, observational, cross‐sectional, case–control study, cachectic cancer patients undergoing systemic first‐line cancer treatment were matched 2:1 with healthy controls according to age, gender and body mass index. Alterations in amino acid and energy metabolism, as indicated by acylcarnitine levels, were analysed using mass spectrometry in plasma samples (PS) and dried blood specimen (DBS). Welch's two‐sample t‐test was used for comparative analysis of metabolites between cancer patients and healthy matched controls and to identify the metabolomic profiles related to weight loss across different time points. A linear regression model was applied to correlate weight loss and single metabolites as predictor variables. Finally, metabolite pathway enrichment analyses were performed.ResultsEighteen cases (14 male and 4 female) and 36 paired controls were enrolled. There was a good correlation between baseline PS and DBS of healthy controls for the levels of most amino acids but not for acylcarnitine. Amino acid levels related to cancer metabolism were significantly altered in cancer patients compared with controls in both DBS and PS for arginine, citrulline, histidine and ornithine and in DBS only for asparagine, glutamine, methylhistidine, methionine, ornithine, serine, threonine and leucine/isoleucine. Metabolite enrichment analysis in PS of cancer patients revealed histidine metabolism activation (P = 0.0025). Baseline acylcarnitine analysis in DBS was indicative for alterations of the mitochondrial carnitine shuttle, related to β‐oxidation: The ratio palmitoylcarnitine/acylcarnitine (Q2) and the ratio palmitoylcarnitine + octadecenoylcarnitine/acylcarnitine (Q3) were predictive for early weight loss (P < 0.0001) and weight loss during follow‐up. Activation of tryptophan metabolism (P = 0.035) in DBS and PS and activation of serine/glycine metabolism (P = 0.017) in PS were also related to early weight loss and across successive time points.ConclusionsWe found alterations in amino acid levels most likely attributable to cancer metabolism itself in cancer patients compared with controls. Baseline DBS represent a valuable analyte to study energy metabolism related to cancer cachexia. Acylcarnitine patterns (Q2, Q3) predicted further weight loss in cachectic cancer patients undergoing systemic therapy, and pathway analyses indicated involvement of the serine/glycine and the tryptophan pathway in this condition. Validation in larger cohorts is warranted.
Traceability of products and guide for batch definition in integrated continuous biomanufacturing
Authors: Lali Narges , Jungbauer Alois , Satzer Peter 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDA major improvement in biomanufacturing will arise with the transition from batch processing to continuous processing. Two important challenges to address in this change are batch definition and the ability to trace raw material through the process.RESULTSWe used an established simulation of a process train to compare the conventional batch definition based on a fixed time to a new batch definition method based on the greatest common divisor (GCD) of the time period of the unit operations. We successfully demonstrated that, by using the new concept based on GCD, we will have a constant periodic concentration of product. With this basis, we can define batches in a continuous process, which will lead to higher control over the process, and we will be able to trace the material through the process.CONCLUSIONWe achieved better control over the process using the batch definition based on the GCD method. In comparison to collecting the outlet products over arbitrary hours or days, collecting the product based on a section using the GCD method meets the criteria for knowing the residence‐time distribution of the process, as advised by regulatory authorities. This method can be used in a continuous process or a hybrid process in which there are only a few continuous unit operations along with batch process operations. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Commentary on the special issue on disproportionate exposure to trauma: Disrupting single stories, broadening the aperture, and embracing the trauma socioexposome in research with minoritized individuals
Authors: Powell Wizdom 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe theory‐driven studies in this special issue of the Journal of Traumatic Stress illustrate the opportunities and inherent methodological complexities that arise in traumatic stress studies when scholars consider the unique social–ecological contexts and exposure histories of minoritized individuals. Moreover, the included articles challenge the field's paradigmatic preoccupation with maladaptive individual trauma responses and invite researchers to shift their attention to the role played by a range of environmental adversities. This commentary is organized around three key recommendations regarding what is needed to enhance future research and treatment among trauma‐exposed minoritized populations: (a) disrupt single scientific stories about trauma risk, detection, protection, and resilience; (b) embrace the complexity of the trauma socioexposome; and (c) expand capacity to assess, research, and mitigate syndemic risk. The present commentary describes how these key points are highlighted and underscored in the articles in this special issue, arriving at the conclusion that, more than ever, scholars and clinicians need lenses and methods that can help in assessing and treating the whole person and community from a biopsychosocial perspective when racism contibutes to a complex trauma socioexposome rather than perpetuating scientific and clinical models based only on single stories of isolated individuals confronted by discrete traumatic events.
Efficient and Broadband LiGaP2O7:Cr3+ Phosphors for Smart Near‐Infrared Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Yuan Chenxu , Li Ruiyang , Liu Yongfu , Zhang Liangliang , Zhang Jiahua , Leniec Grzegorz , Sun Peng , Liu Zehua , Luo Zhaohua , Dong Rui , Jiang Jun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBroadband near‐infrared (NIR) phosphor‐converted (pc) LED is promising next‐generation tiny light source for smart and broadband NIR spectroscopy technology. However, NIR phosphors suffer from challenges in terms of low quantum efficiency and bandwidth. By selecting a host that has a big bandgap and weakening coupling effect among Cr3+, a novel LiGaP2O7:Cr3+ (LGAP:Cr3+) NIR phosphor that has a high external quantum efficiency (28.3%) is discovered. Under ≈450 nm excitation, LGAP:Cr3+ shows broad NIR emission from 700 to 1100 nm with a bandwidth of ≈170 nm. Importantly, the fabricated pcLED demonstrates bright broadband NIR light and an excellent performance in night vision. The results promise the use of the LGAP:Cr3+ phosphor for high‐performance broadband NIR LED that employs only one tiny blue LED chip.
Expansions of Presburger arithmetic with the exchange property
Authors: Mariaule Nathanaël 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLet G be a model of Presburger arithmetic. Let be an expansion of the language of Presburger . In this paper, we prove that the ‐theory of G is ‐minimal iff it has the exchange property and is definably complete (i.e., any bounded definable set has a maximum). If the ‐theory of G has the exchange property but is not definably complete, there is a proper definable convex subgroup H. Assuming that the induced theories on H and are definable complete and o‐minimal respectively, we prove that any definable set of G is ‐definable.
Upcycling Plastic Waste into High Value‐Added Carbonaceous Materials
Authors: Choi Jiho , Yang Inchan , Kim Sung‐Soo , Cho Se Youn , Lee Sungho 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEven though plastic improved the human standard of living, handling the plastic waste represents an enormous challenge. It takes more than 100 years to decompose discarded or buried waste plastics. Microplastics are one of the causes of significantly pervasive environmental pollutants. The incineration of plastic waste generates toxic gases, underscoring the need for new approaches, in contrast to conventional strategies that are required for recycling plastic waste. Therefore, several studies have attempted to upcycle plastic waste into high value‐added products. Converting plastic waste into carbonaceous materials is an excellent upcycling technique due to their diverse practical applications. This review summarizes various studies dealing with the upcycling of plastic waste into carbonaceous products. Further, this review discusses the applications of carbonaceous products synthesized from plastic waste including carbon fibers, absorbents for water purification, and electrodes for energy storage. Based on the findings, future directions for effective upcycling of plastic waste into carbonaceous materials are suggested.