bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR HEREDITAS DAN LINGKUNGAN DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER
Authors: Nerizka Dea , Latipah Eva , Munawwir A. 
Published: November 2021

Setiap manusia diciptakan dengan berbagai macam keunikannya dengan karakteristik masing-masing. Faktor hereditas dan lingkungan dipandang sebagai faktor yang mempengaruhi pro- ses pembentukan karakteristik setiap individu. Hereditas dipandang sebagai faktor bawaaan yang di turunkan dari orang tua pada anak baik fisik maupun psikis sejak masa konsepsi melalui gen-gen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji lebih dalam faktor hereditas dan lingkungan dalam mem- bentuk karakter dengan titik fokus melihat pada faktor manakah yang lebih dominan dalam pemben- tukan karakter individu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan. Sumber data dalam peneli- tian ini berupa buku-buku, jurnal dan situs-situs dari internet yang memiliki kaitan dengan topik yang diteliti. Teknik pengumupan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu studi dokumen. Analisis data menggunakan analisis isi (content analysis). Berdasarkan hasil studi yang dilakukan, penulis menemu- kan bahwa faktor hereditas dalam diri individu dipandang mempengaruhi dalam perkembangan jas- mani seperti warna kulit, warna mata, jenis rambut, dan sebagainya. Beberapa bentuk kepribadian dan perilaku sosial dapat merujuk pada faktor lingkungan. HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT FACTORS IN BUILDING CHARACTERS Every human being is created with a variety of uniqueness with each characteristic. Here- dity and environmental factors are seen as factors that influence the process of forming the charac- teristics of each individual. Heredity is seen as a hereditary factor that is passed down from parents to children both physically and psychologically since the conception through genes. This study aims to examine more deeply the heredity and environmental factors in shaping character with a focus point to see which factors are more dominant in shaping individual characters. This research is a type of li- brary research. The data sources in this study are books, journals and websites from the internet that are related to the topic under the study. The data collection technique in this research is document stu- dy. The data analysis used content analysis. Based on the results of the study conducted, the authors found that heredity factors in individuals are seen as influencing physical development such as skin color, eye color, hair type, and so on. While some forms of personality and social behavior can refer to environmental factors.
EFEK SITOTOKSIK BEBERAPA AKAR BAJAKAH KALIMANTAN TERHADAP SEL KANKER PAYUDARA T47D
Authors: Aliviyanti Risa Umari Yuli , Sudibyo Retno Sunarminingsih , Murwanti Retno 
Published: November 2021

Indonesia memiliki sekitar 200 jenis bajakah; 4 di antaranya yaitu bajakah tampala (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.), kalalawit (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb.), bajakah jari lima (Schefflera petiolosa (Miq.) Harms), dan longkur (Spatholobus ferrugineus (Zoll. & Moritzi) Benth.) yang telah digunakan oleh suku Dayak untuk pengobatan kanker payudara. Studi ini menguji sitotoksisitas antikanker payudara ekstrak akar dari keempat bajakah di atas. Ekstraksi menggunakan sample grinding pestle dengan pelarut air, air panas, etanol 96%, dan n-heksan. Uji sitotoksisitas ekstrak dilakukan secara in vitro terhadap sel T47D dengan pembanding tamoksifen. Nilai IC50 dari uji sitotoksik ekstrak etanol, air panas, air, dan n-heksan berturut-turut: 1136; 1871,5; 2294,25; dan 3975,5 µg/mL (R2 = 0,962; 0,943; 0,943; dan 0,956), tamoksifen 9 µg/mL (R2 = 0,9581). Ekstrak etanol bajakah merupakan yang paling toksik dibanding lainnya. Sehingga untuk perbaikan nilai IC50 dilakukan ekstraksi reflux menggunakan etanol 96% pada keempat akar bajakah. Hasil menunjukkan nilai IC50 bajakah kalalawit, tampala, longkur, dan jari lima yang membaik yaitu berturut-turut adalah 407; 708; 881; dan 1.096 µg/mL (R2 = 0,9717; 0,952; 0,9367; 0,9369). Keempat ekstrak bajakah mengandung zat aktif antikanker payudara (mengingat nilai R2 uji sitotoksisitas > 0,93), namun kadar yang terekstraksi sangat kecil sehingga perlu dilakukan ekstraksi dengan menggunakan soxhlet.
EpiHacks, a Process for Technologists and Health Experts to Cocreate Optimal Solutions for Disease Prevention and Control: User-Centered Design Approach
Authors: Divi Nomita , Smolinski Mark 
Published: November 2021

Background
Technology-based innovations that are created collaboratively by local technology specialists and health experts can optimize the addressing of priority needs for disease prevention and control. An EpiHack is a distinct, collaborative approach to developing solutions that combines the science of epidemiology with the format of a hackathon. Since 2013, a total of 12 EpiHacks have collectively brought together over 500 technology and health professionals from 29 countries.

Objective
We aimed to define the EpiHack process and summarize the impacts of the technology-based innovations that have been created through this approach.

Methods
The key components and timeline of an EpiHack were described in detail. The focus areas, outputs, and impacts of the twelve EpiHacks that were conducted between 2013 and 2021 were summarized.

Results
EpiHack solutions have served to improve surveillance for influenza, dengue, and mass gatherings, as well as laboratory sample tracking and One Health surveillance, in rural and urban communities. Several EpiHack tools were scaled during the COVID-19 pandemic to support local governments in conducting active surveillance. All tools were designed to be open source to allow for easy replication and adaptation by other governments or parties.

Conclusions
EpiHacks provide an efficient, flexible, and replicable new approach to generating relevant and timely innovations that are locally developed and owned, are scalable, and are sustainable.
Factors impacting self-management ability in patients with chronic diseases in the United Arab Emirates, 2019
Authors: Ladner Joel , Alshurafa Sawsan , Madi Farah , Nofal Anas , Jayasundera Roshel , Saba Joseph , Audureau Etienne 
Published: November 2021

Aim:
Poor adherence to chronic disease therapy is a critical global problem that negatively effects the long-term therapy for chronic diseases, resulting in negative population health and economic effects. The WHO multidimensional model proposed a systems-based approach for improving adherence to chronic disease therapy.
Patients & methods:
In the current study, the WHO five-dimension framework was used to evaluate factors among, chronic-disease patients in the United Arab Emirates.
Results:
We show that patient’s understanding of disease, involvement in treatment decision, age more than 40 years, time spent with physician and fear of how patients were perceived by others were the most predictive factors associated with a high ability to self-manage a chronic disease.
Conclusion:
Sociocultural factors have an indirect impact on disease self-management.
The Effect of Various Concentrations of Ethanol Extract of the Leaves of Paederia foetida L. on the Growth of Escherichia Coli Bacteria
Authors: Silaban Hertina 
Published: November 2021

Bacterial infection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) as the cause of gastrointestinal disorders in humans has increased their prevalence. Treatment using natural ingredients can be a choice of therapy because of the minimal side effects. One of the rare plants believed by the community as an antibacterial is stinking vin’e known as the ‘leaf fart’. The purpose of this research is for knowing the activity of the ethanol extract of Paederia foetida L can affect the growth of E.coli. The serial diffusion disc method is being used as the antibacterial activity test. The concentration of this extract are 10%, 20%, 40%, 80%, 100% with positive control (ciprofloxacin) and negative control (aqua dest). The inhibition zone diameter characterized the effect of Extract on bacterial growth were 6.16 mm of the concentration 10%, 6.667 mm of the concentration 20%, 7.10 mm of the concentration 40 %, 7.78 mm of the concentration 80%, and 10.03 mm of the concentration 100%. As for the negative control has no effect. The study stated that the higher concentration of antibacterial agent used, the greater the inhibition zone formed. Based on the result of the analysis of the data by using the One-Way ANOVA Test showed a probability value (p) = 0.000 or value (p) < 0.05, that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. The conclusion is that the Extract of stinking vin’e has an antibacterial effect on the growth of E.coli.
Keywords: Antibacterial, E.coli, Extract of Sembukan leaf
Polyphenols contents and antioxidant potential of Nauclea latifolia Smith (Rubiaceae) acetonic fractions from Burkina Faso
Authors: Konate Almamy , Meda Roland Nâg-Tiéro , Dicko Amadou , Kam Eric Sami , Koama Benjamin Kouliga , Belem Hadidjatou , Kabore Adama , Traore Amadou , Tamboura Hamidou Hamadou 
Published: November 2021

Scientific information on antioxidant properties and phenolic content of Nauclea latifolia used in ethnoveterinary medicine in Burkina Faso are limited. Therefore, the quantification of the antioxidant activity of different parts of this specie remains an interesting and useful task, particularly for finding new sources for natural antioxidants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and total polyphenols of Nauclea latifolia Smith (Rubiaceae) acetonic fractions from Burkina Faso. n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of leaves, barks and root barks were tested for their antioxidant activities using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 reagents were used to quantify the polyphenols. n-butanol fraction of barks (58.16 ± 0.76 mg GAE/100 mg), dichloromethane fraction of barks (51.13 ± 0.99; 26.14 mg GAE/100 mg) have presented the best total phenolic contents while the best total flavonoid contents were found in n-butanol fraction of leaves and n-hexane fraction of leaves with 4.85 ± 0.14 mg EQ/100mg and 2.92 ± 0.13 mg EQ/100mg, respectively. It was observed that n-hexane fraction of leaves was scavenge more DPPH free radicals with a value of 1011.98± 17,01 µmol EAA/g. That of n-butanol fractions of barks was showed the best ferric reduction power (3056.37 ± 96.66 µmol EAA/g) and the highest ABTS cation radicals scavenging capacity (7031.52 ± 254.98 µmol EAA/g). Nevertheless, this work encourages investigations on Burkina Faso plant species used in the ethnoveterinary medicine as sources of antioxidants.
Keywords: Fraction; Ouagadougou; Barks, Total Polyphenols Contents; Radicals.
Managemen Kepemimpinan Partisifatif Di Perpustakaan Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Iqbal Rahmat 
Published: November 2021

Abstrak
Setiap organisasi dibutuhkan sebuah kepemimpinan yang efektif, sehingga tujuan dari organisasi tersebut tidak terjadi kesalahan dalam melakukan pengambilan keputusan atau tindakan, bila kita mencoba membuka kembali ingatan tentang makna kepemimpinan. Kepemimpinan yang efektif sangatlah tergantung dari landasan manajerial yang kokoh.Kepemimpinan (leadership) yang ditetapkan oleh seorang manajer dalam organisasi dapat menciptakan integrasi yang serasi dan mendorong semangat kerja karyawan untuk mencapai sasaran yang maksimal. Kepemimpinan adalah kata benda dari pemimpin (leader). Pemimpin (leader=head) adalah seseorang yang mempergunakan wewenang dan kepemimpinannya, mengarahkan bawahan untuk mengerjakan sebagian pekerjaannya dalam mencapai tujuan organisasi. Leader adalah seorang pemimpin yang memiliki sifat-sifat kepemimpinan dan kewibawaan (personality authority). Falsafah kepemimpinannya bahwa pemimpin adalah untuk bawahan dan milik bawahan. Pelaksanaan kepemimpinannya cenderung menumbuhkan kepercayaan, partisipasi, loyalitas dan internal motivasi para bawahan dengan cara persuasive.
Penulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang ditinjau melalui metode penelitian kepustakaan (Library Reserch), maknanya metode penelitian kepustakaan merupakan penelitian yang dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan literature (kepustakaan) baik berupa buku, catatan maupun laporan hasil penelitian dari penelitian terdahulu. Gaya kepemimpinan partisipatif sangat cocok apabila diterapkan di Indonesia, karena Indonesia merupakan Negara yang ramah, taman dan jiwa kebersamaan dan jiwa soladiritas sangat kuat dinegera Indonesia. Oleh karena itu keputusan yang diambil akan bener-bener dipikirkan demi kebaikan bersama tanpa mengutamakan nilai ego atau kepentingan pribadi atau golongan.
Privatization of Law Enforcement
Authors: Konina Anastasia 
Published: November 2021

The year 2020 ushered in growing calls to defund the police. In Canada, as in other countries where the movement to defund the police has gained momentum, activists demand transferring money from police departments to social workers, reducing the number of police officers, and increasing police departments’ democratic accountability. This last group of reform initiatives is, perhaps, the least controversial one because it calls for improving the familiar structures of democratic oversight over police departments, such as municipal councils, independent police oversight boards and complaints bodies, and others.
The demands for greater accountability of police departments to the public are a symptom of a deeper problem - there is a growing discrepancy between the goals of policing and the consequences of the police’s actions. This discrepancy materializes when the police’s attempts to ensure public safety result in the marginalization of racialized communities, particularly in larger cities across Canada. In order to understand why laudable policy goals lead to deeply problematic consequences, it is necessary to analyze the policing process in our cities. While it has traditionally been assumed that this process is left to the discretion of separate police departments, this paper demonstrates that externalities, such as data generated by private technologies, play an important role in undermining the goals of policing. Reliance on private data and technology does not absolve the police of accountability for resulting human rights violations. However, it has important implications for the reform of public oversight over the police. In an era when non-governmental actors are taking part in law enforcement through procurement contracts, democratic control over the exercise of the police’s contracting powers is an important, albeit often overlooked, instrument of police reform. Relying on contracts for predictive policing technologies as a case study, this paper argues that communities should condition the funding of police procurement on ex ante assessment procedures, technical specifications, and contract enforcement rights. Also, local elected representatives should have an opportunity to approve any data and technology sharing arrangements as well as federal standing offer arrangements that extend predictive policing to their communities.
Promoting Collaborative Pedagogy in Classrooms: Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Omodan Bunmi Isaiah 
Published: November 2021

<p><em>Collaborative pedagogy appears to be productive among students and thereby adopted in many classrooms to ensure that students are active participants in the knowledge production process. However, challenges exist among students, alongside their instructors, which hinders the active involvement of students in the collaborative knowledge production process. In the same vein, the study also examines the possible ways to navigate the challenges. The argument is located within social constructivism and conceptual analysis of collaborative pedagogy to explore the trajectories of collaborative classrooms in schools. In response to the challenges, the study proposed solutions that include promotion of unity in diversities among students, the introduction of cultural variations in classrooms, and instigation of student’s readiness to interact. The study concludes that collaborative knowledge construction is worthy of being promoted with the recommendation that schools should ensure that students are taught to be united in the process of generating knowledge and that there must be concerted efforts to teach different cultures in the system with student motivation for natural interest. </em></p>
The Implementation of Realistic Mathematics Education Approach to Improve Students' Mathematical Communication Ability in Statistics Course
Authors: Paroqi Lois Lamya , Mursalin Mursalin , Marhami Marhami 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to analize the improving of mathematical communication skills’s students, the learning acktivities of student and student’s response at Realistic Mathematics (RME) learning. The research is held at MTs.S Syamsudduha in 2018-2019 years, which using quasi experiment with a quantitative approach. This study used two samples, they are experiment’s class as treatment class consists of 34 students and control’s class which not give the treatment consists of 36 students which the sample was taken in this research used the technique sampling purposive. This data was obtained with test technique and observation sheet. Data is analyzed with t test using SPSS 18, the result show that there is an increasing of mathematical communication skills of student on statistical study with the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) learning. This shows that value of n-gain on student’s mathematical communication skill for experiment’s class is 0,49 and control’s class is 0,17 with significant 0,000 < 0,05, thats mean there is an increasing in the learning process. So, RME learning can improve student’s mathematical communication skills of students better than students who is taught by conventional learning.
The Giving Punishment of School Rules Violation in Enforcing Discipline Characters on MTs. Raudlatussa'adah Pontianak
Authors: Rianawati Rianawati , Nurhamid Nurhamid 
Published: November 2021

This research is motivated by the recent most cases of rule violations conducted by a number of students in MTs. Raudlatussa'adah Pontianak. From the results of observations and initial documentation of the research, the forms of violations that are often done by students are late, wearing needless uniforms, long hair, inappropriate hair cut for students, fighting and other forms of violations. Even though MTs. Raudlatussa'adah Pontianak has made written rules including the threat of sanctions / penalties for the perpetrators. Based on the background of the problem, the researcher then conducted further research in order to explore and analyze information about how the act of giving penalties in cases of school rules violations in order to uphold the character of students. The approach and method used in research is a qualitative approach with descriptive methods, that this study seeks to describe the phenomenon in accordance with the facts occurred in the field. Furthermore, the subjects in this study include: Principal of Madrasah, Deputy Head of Madrasah for Student Affairs, Teachers of Islamic Character and students. For data collection researchers used in-depth interview techniques, non-participant observation and study documentation. The data processing and analysis techniques used consist of data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. Meanwhile, to check the validity of the data, researchers used triangulation techniques. Based on the explanation and analysis of the research data, it can be concluded that the preparatory step for the punishment of school rules violations in an effort to uphold the character of student discipline is done by verbalizing the punishment in the Student Orientation Period (MOS) activities, flag ceremonies and through classroom wall magazines and billboards. . As for the implementation of the punishment given by the teacher, but it is not consistent with the existing rules and the implementation also does not contain educational elements.
The Development Teaching Materials Subject Class Calculus of Many Variable Based on Discovery Learning Model at Education Faculty University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Bara Ismail Hanif Batu , Dachi Surya Wisada 
Published: November 2021

This study is applied research. It is focus in development material’s teaching course of calculus many variable basic on discovery learning model. In this research used developing 4D (define, design, develop, and disseminate). Destination research is for determine how to validity from development material’s teaching course of calculus many variable basic on discovery learning model, and how to effectiveness in development of teaching material courses of calculus many variable basic on discovery learning model. The result of the research is teaching material courses of calculus many variable on discovery learning model. The result of research material’s teaching course validated by experts. Result of validity is calculated with average for each indicator. Therefore effectiveness its calculate with means of student response to material’s teaching course. In this research result that material’s teaching course is valid. Therefore, student response result is 94.45%, it means the effectiveness of teaching material course is very good.
Effect of Mathematics Language Approach On Students’ Interest In Statistics In Senior Secondary Schools In Abuja Municipal Area Council
Authors: A. O Agbo-Egwu, , Joseph Joseph Ugochukwu 
Published: November 2021

This study examined the effect of mathematics language on students’ interest in statistics in senior secondary school. The study employed quasi-experimental design of non-randomized pretest posttest control group type. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The sample of this study consisted of 250 Senior Secondary Two (SS2) students chosen out of the target population of 1250 students in all the 10-government grant aided secondary schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council. The sample comprised 125 male and 125 female students. In each of the four sampled secondary schools, intact classes were used. Two sets of lesson plans on the topics under study were developed for the experimental and control groups respectively. Data were collected using Statistics Interest Inventory (SII). Research questions were answered using means and standard deviations while T-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level of significance. The reliability coefficient is 0.88. From the research work, it was found out that the mathematical language when properly used improves students’ interest in Statistics and that gender has no significance difference in achievement. The study recommends among others that mathematics teachers should use the mathematical language instruction in teaching Statistics and other topics in mathematics to enhance students’ interest.