bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Lithium Battery Management System for Electric Trackless Rubber Tyred Vehicle in Coal Mine
Authors: Li Qiwei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper designs a kind of lithium battery management system for coal mine electric trackless rubber tyred vehicle based on chip STM32F105VCT7 as CPU. It focuses on the battery grouping mode, battery balancing strategy and the hardware and software design of the battery management system. The lithium battery management system uses LTC6811-1 chip to collect battery information, designs passive balance to maintain the battery, and uses RT thread real-time operating system to schedule the tasks in the lithium battery management system. Through the actual test application, the lithium battery management system designed in this paper can effectively monitor the battery voltage, temperature, current and other information, and complete the battery balance, charge and discharge control.
Modeling and Optimization of Security Robot Gait Balance Based on the Principle of Inverted Pendulum
Authors: Wang Junwen , Jiang Min 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Robots have been increasingly applied to security protection. The modeling and optimal control of robot gait balance were discussed in this study based on a double inverted pendulum system. First, a trolley-type double inverted pendulum system was obtained by abstracting human gaits, a mathematical model corresponding to this system was constructed through the analytical dynamics method. Then a double inverted pendulum system controller was designed using the linear quadratic type control algorithm, a gain matrix K with the optimal performance was obtained by combining the experience piece-try method with regional dichotomy, and the effectiveness of modeling and optimization was demonstrated by comparing the typical value with optimized value in the end. This study is expected to provide a reference for enhancing the gait balance of security robots.
Simple Simulation of Ferrofluid by Using Moldy
Authors: Deng Xitian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ferrofluid is a new material created in recent hundred years, which has both flowability like liquids and magnetism that was only found in solid materials before. It is an amazing material but is not known well by people. Although there are some simulations of ferrofluid, the author of this paper thinks it is too complicated for the beginners of this field. In order to help beginners to understand ferrofluid, the author creates a very simple model of ferrofluid and simulates it. This model is very simple so that beginners can understand it easily. The molecular dynamic program used by the author is moldy, which is also simple and widely used. Considering moldy does not contain magnetic force, the author uses electric force to replace it, because these two forces share a lot of similarities. After simulation, the author uses VMD (Visual Molecular Dynamics) to see its structure and movement in microscope. The author thinks that it will really help the beginners to understand ferrofluid and enter this field easier and inspire researchers to create new materials.
Well-aligned Polycaprolactone Fiber by Stable Jet Electrospinning
Authors: Guo Zhenzhao , Wu Zhe 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this work, polycaprolactone (PCL) fiber membrane with random, partially aligned and well-aligned morphology by conventional electrospinning, high speed drum electrospinning and stable jet electrospinning, respectively. By adjusting PCL polymer solution (solution viscosity and conductivity) and electrospinning parameter (voltage, temperature, humidity et al.), well-aligned PCL membrane with fibers arranged in one direction under SEM observation. The mechanical behaviour were also studied. The stable jet electrospinning offers a possibility of producing well-aligned fiber membranes for future potential applications.
Dry Spinning of Continuous Graphene Oxide/TPU Composite Fibers with Excellent Strength and Toughness
Authors: Feng Li , Liu Song , Luan Yunbo , Li Yongcun , Zhang Qi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Graphene fiber has broad application prospects in aerospace, biomedical and other fields because of its excellent mechanical properties. In this paper, graphene oxide (GO) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composite fibers have been prepared by two comparable methods including wet spinning and dry spinning. The fibers obtained by dry spinning show better strength and toughness compared with wet spinning. Further research results show that the dry spinning process can effectively control the internal microstructure of the fiber, improve the internal stress distribution and load transfer efficiency, then realize the optimization of its macro mechanical properties. This study will provide useful guidance for the optimization strategy of internal microstructure and the improvement of preparation process of graphene fiber.
Optimization of Shielding Electrode and Inner Shielding Structure for UHV Oil-gas Bushings with Improved Hybrid Algorithm Combining Particle Swarm Optimization and Back-Propagation Neural Network
Authors: Shiling Zhang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With the development of prototype for UHV oil-gas bushings, E-field distribution around bushing end and structure optimization for shielding electrode is an important issue to be studied. The basic principles and processes of hybrid algorithm combining particle swarm optimization and back-propagation neural network (PSO-BP algorithm) has been discussed in this paper. The optimization capability and accuracy of proposed algorithm has been verified with continuous explicit function. The structure optimization of shielding electrode has been conducted using PSO-BP algorithm. The study shows that PSO-BP algorithm can seek extreme point of testing function exactly, and jump over trap of local optimal solution; three-dimensional full model of bushing is needed in E-field distribution calculation; PSO-BP algorithm has found the best structure parameters of shielding electrode, with which more even E-field distribution can be obtained, and maximum electric strength can be reduced by 64.9%, moreover, the computing time is about 75.2% less than traditional PSO algorithm. The study results have been applied in bushing prototype manufacture which has passed through all testing experiments. The optimization method proposed in the paper can also be used in optimization design for other complex insulation structures.
Based on ADRC Strategy for Tracking Trajectory of Undamped Plants
Authors: Hu Weiwen , Zhang Shengguo , Xu Wenru , Yang Jiawei , Hou Hao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper mainly actualizes the precise trajectory tracking for the direct-drive servo system with undamped plant. Using the nominal model of the undamped object in this paper is to realize the precise control and obtain the better tracking effects by adopting the ADRC strategy which is introduced to avoid the overshoot causing by design of typical PID control law and improve the robustness of servo system. Simultaneously, it can also achieve the fast tracking and obtain the better convergence effects. Extensive simulations indicate that it practically validates the superiority of adopting the ADRC strategy to control these typical undamped plant. Both average placement tracking error and velocity tracking error for the sinusoidal waves and multi-step signal are converging to the value fluctuating around zero or gradually approaching to zero. This all-around control strategy to achieve the precise and fast trajectory tracing for the direct-drive servo system with undamped object is effective and feasible.
The interaction of rare earth cerium, neodymium, yttrium and phosphorus
Authors: Bai Zhiling , Qin Bingke 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
According to the Miedema model, the formation enthalpies of Nd, Y, Ce and P alloys were calculated; the entropies of NdP, YP and CeP were obtained using single gas ion entropy and crystal ion entropy. The results show that the thermodynamic properties of the compound between rare earth and P can be calculated. The free energy of formation of NdP and YP are both greater than zero. Therefore, [P]+[Nd]=NdP(s) and [P]+[Y]=YP(s) cannot be proceed spontaneously in the direction of the positive reaction. When the temperature is less than 964K, ΔGCeP
Θ is less than zero and [P]+[Ce]=CeP(s) reaction can be proceed spontaneously in the direction of generating CeP.
Research on selection of commercial industrial simulation software oriented to virtual commissioning
Authors: Sun Wenlin , Wu Jun , Xiao Guangchun , Jin Zhe 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Virtual commissioning can find problems in the PLC program earlier and improve the efficiency of on-site commissioning. When constructing the FMS digital twin system with Beckhoff TwinCAT as the master control system for virtual commissioning of the production line, in order to select the most suitable modeling environment, this paper conducts research of predecessors based on commercial industrial simulation software. The four common commercial industrial simulation software with virtual commissioning function (Visual Components, Tecnomatix Process Simulate, Emulate3D, Flexsim) are introduced, analysed and compared from the two perspectives of software functions and features. Finally, it explains which commercial simulation software should be used for simulation and virtual commissioning in different scenarios.
Preparation and Performance Index Test of Continuous Glass Fiber Reinforced Filament- Polylactic Acid for 3D Printer
Authors: Wang Yesong , Lyu Changhuai , Zhang Qing , Li Wei , Liu Jiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The “independent extrusion” 3D printer of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites (CFRTPC) is gradually recognized by the market, but it cannot be widely used due to the limitations of printing materials. This paper focuses on the development of Continuous Glass Fiber Reinforced Filament- Polylactic Acid (CGFRF-PLA) for “independent extrusion” printing. The preparation device of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Filament (CFRF) was designed, and the effects of preparation process parameters such as temperature, speed and coupling agent on the performance index of CGFRF-PLA were studied by experiments, the best preparation process parameters were determined.
Monocular Visual Odometry based on joint unsupervised learning of depth and optical flow with geometric constraints
Authors: Meng X Y , Sun B Y 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Inferring camera ego-motion from consecutive images is essential in visual odometry (VO). In this work, we present a jointly unsupervised learning system for monocular VO, consisting of single-view depth, two-view optical flow, and camera-motion estimation module. Our work mitigates the scale drift issue which can further result in a degraded performance in the long-sequence scene. We achieve this by incorporating standard epipolar geometry into the framework. Specifically, we extract correspondences over predicted optical flow and then recover ego-motion. Additionally, we obtain pseudo-ground-truth depth via triangulating 2D-2D pixel matches, which makes the depth scale is closely relevant to the pose. Experimentation on the KITTI driving dataset shows competitive performance compared to established methods.
Theoretical calculation model of insulation medium and eddy current heating under complex waveform of ±800kV convertor transformer RIP bushing used in valve side
Authors: Shiling Zhang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Electrical and thermal properties of the converter transformer valve side RIP DC bushing interact with each other, so electrical insulation failure in operation is directly related to the thermal properties. It is essential to conduct quantitative analysis on the power loss of UHV converter transformer dry-type bushing. The total power loss of bushing consists of two parts, eddy heat from current-carrying structures and joule heat from bushing core. The actual current and voltage waveform imposed on the bushing contain many high frequency components. In this paper, the theoretical calculation model of bushing core joule heat and eddy heat is obtained from structure of HV convertor transformer dry-type bushing. Then the temperature and frequency properties of epoxy impregnated paper used by dry-type bushing core are acquired by the experiments. Furthermore, based on the frequency domain FEM, the numerical calculation method for dry-type bushing power loss is proposed. In the end, the numerical results are used to analyze the factors that may lead to convertor transformer drytype bushing insulation failure in operation. The research result obtained in this paper is appropriate to compute thermal characteristic of bushing and is of directive significance to the operation, protection and accident analysis.
A LabVIEW based virtual instrument system for mid infrared laser spectroscopy measurements
Authors: Villanueva-López V. , Pacheco-Londoño L.C. , Haibach F.G. , Hernández-Rivera S.P. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The development of a virtual instrument (VI) interface to acquire spectroscopic measurements using a quantum cascade laser-based on LabVIEWTM is presented. The interface can enable mid-infrared laser spectroscopic data acquisition using a fast response mercury-cadmium-telluride (MCT) detector. The MCT is connected to an analog/digital converter card, and the data is displayed in a virtual high-speed oscilloscope. The VI processes the acquired data, displays the information, and saves it to a file through several operations using a “state machine” architecture. Transmission measurements of a polystyrene film were used to calibrate the system. They were compared to the National Institute of Standards and Technology-based FT-IR reference spectrum, showing excellent agreement. The system was tested with four different optical setups for IR Transmission, Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopy, Reflection Absorption Infrared Spectroscopy, and Attenuated Total Reflection. The VI can be easily customized, allowing users to adapt it according to their specific laboratory needs.
Current distribution in magnetically confined 2DEG: semiclassical and quantum mechanical treatment
Authors: Németh Róbert , Kaufmann Zoltán , Cserti József 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the ballistic regime we study both semiclassically and quantum mechanically the electron’s dynamics in two-dimensional electron gas in the presence of an inhomogeneous magnetic field applied perpendicular to the plane. The magnetic field is constant inside four separate circular regions which are located at the four corners of a square of side length larger than the diameter of the circles, while outside the circles the magnetic field is zero. We carry out the stability analysis of the periodic orbits and for given initial conditions numerically calculate the two-dimensional invariant torus embedded in the four-dimensional phase space. Applying the Bohr–Sommerfeld and the Einstein–Brillouin–Keller semiclassical quantization methods we obtain the energy levels for different magnetic field strengths. We also perform exact quantum calculations solving numerically the discretized version of the Schrödinger equation. In our calculations, we consider only those bound states that are localized to the neighborhood of the four magnetic disks. We show that the semiclassical results are in good agreement with those found from our quantum calculations. Moreover, the current distribution and the phase of the different wave functions enable us to deduce the two quantum numbers n
1 and n
2 characterizing the energy levels in the semiclassical methods. Finally, we present two examples in which the quantum state shows a similar structure to the previous states, but these are special in the following sense. One of them is a scar state localized to the neighborhood of the periodic orbit while this orbit is already unstable. In the case of the other state, the current density is circulating in two rings in opposite directions. Thus, it is not consistent with the classical motion in the neighborhood of the periodic orbit.
Groundwater quality assessment with reference to some heavy metals toxicity and its probable remediation around Ballarpur area of Wardha valley coalfields, Maharashtra
Authors: Ganvir P S , Guhey R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Wardha valley coalfields are one of the major coal contributors in central India. The present study strives to assess the groundwater quality around Ballarpur area of Wardha Valley Coalfields concerning some heavy metals. 14 groundwater samples were taken for each pre-monsoon and post-monsoon season to assess Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn by AAS. Results disclosed that Cd, Fe, Pb and Ni were above the maximum permissible limit as per the Bureau of Indian Standards (2012). Fe, Zn, Cu and Al are the major percentage contributor in groundwater samples for both seasons. Shallow aquifer is more contaminated than deep. The PCA study has shown strong associations among a few heavy metals. The correlation coefficient study revealed that all heavy metals negatively correlate with pH values suggesting that contamination is favored in acidic water. Sampling locations and corresponding values imply mining activity as an influential cause for contamination. Hence, Acid Mine Drainage could cause a lower pH in the study area, augmenting heavy metals dissolution. To overcome, a flow system of anaerobic wetland and limestone drain could be a remedial method which will treat the mine discharge and mitigate the contamination.
Monitoring the Land Surface and water bodies temperature and its impact on surface water turbidity in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Jaiswal Tanushri , Jhariya D C 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Land use land cover change is the process taking place in different parts of the country throughout the world and is adversely affecting the environment and will continue to affect both directly and indirectly. It has an impact on the water resource in a negative way. Rapid urban growth as a major cause of land-use change is one of the biggest reasons for the rise in surface temperature, and LULC change is one of the major causes of concern throughout the world. In developing countries like India, rapid urbanization is greatly influencing surface temperature and water resources. Surface water bodies are greatly affected by the rapid urban growth, which is taking place in almost all parts throughout the country, especially in the central part of India which is having plain areas. Many studies have been conducted by using the thermal data in integration with the Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques for estimation of Land Surface Temperature(LST), and based on those studies, it can be concluded that changing land use has its direct impact on surface temperature as with increasing urbanization rise in LST has been observed. Therefore, the present study has been done to estimate the impacts of changing LULC on surface temperature and turbidity in surface water using the satellite-derived thermal data, and based on results obtained it can be concluded that areas covered with the settlement, open or barren land have a relatively higher temperature than those of the areas which have plants, and vegetation on and nearby it, also waterbodies with turbid areas are showing relatively higher temperature than that of clear surface water.
Photodegradation of aqueous eosin yellow dye by carbon-doped TiO2 photocatalyst
Authors: Ghime Damodhar , Mohapatra Titikshya , Verma Ananya , Banjare Virendra , Ghosh Prabir 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, a novel photocatalyst, carbon-doped TiO2 was prepared via a sol-gel technique with titanium (III) chloride as a precursor. The characterization of C-doped TiO2 was obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and BET surface area analyses. The prepared catalyst’s photocatalytic activity was investigated using UV irradiation for the photo-oxidation of eosin yellow (EY) dye. The photocatalysis of EY dye was performed under various experimental parameters such as solution pH and oxidant dosage (H2O2). The prepared photocatalyst dosages were also taken separately to optimize process efficiency. About 77.43% of EY decolorization was obtained at an optimum pH of 3, and the performance was also observed by varying the oxidant concentration ranging from 5-10 mM. The % decolorization was higher for C-doped TiO2-200 photocatalyst (81.88%) compared to carbon-doped TiO2-400 photocatalyst (75.55%). It can be concluded that the carbon-doped TiO2, calcined at 200°C, can effectively decolorize EY dye in an aqueous medium.
Impact of Land-use and Land-cover Change on Groundwater Quality and Quantity in the Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India: A Remote Sensing and GIS approach
Authors: Mondal K C , Rathod K G , Joshi H M , Mandal H S , Khan Rubia , Rajendra Kushagra , Mawale Y K , Priya K , Jhariya D C 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
An attempt has been made to correlate groundwater quantity and quality concerning land use and land cover in the city, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. The land-use land-cover (LULC) is one of the dynamic processes of the urbanization method in a city or cities in a developing country. To assess the land use and land cover classes, we have used the multi-temporal remote sensing LANDSAT data of the year 2000 and 2018. There are ten LULC classes are identified, such as settlement, road, cultivation, industry, drainage, river, open land, vegetation, canal, and water bodies. The result shows that the LULC changes are mainly associated within the settlement and the cultivated area in the highest degree from 2000 to till date (2018). A comparison of LULC between the years 2000 and 2018 indicates that anthropogenic activities like settlement, road, and industrial areas have been expanded. The spatiotemporal variation of the water table and water quality parameters such as electrical conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and Nitrate (NO3) between the year 2000 and 2018 have also been studied. The result shows that significant changes in the groundwater quantity and quality in the study area are due to anthropogenic activity.
Visualization of gold nanoparticles formation in DC plasma-liquid systems
Authors: LIU Zhaoyuan , CHEN Qiang , LIU Qinghuo , OSTRIKOV Kostya (Ken) 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Dual argon plasmas ignited by one direct current power source are used to treat an aqueous solution of hydrogen tetrachloroaurate-(III) trihydrate (HAuCl4 · 3H2O) which is contained in an H-type electrochemical cell. The solution contained in one cell acts as a cathode, and in the other as an anode. Experiments are carried out to directly visualize the formation process of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in separated cells of the H-type electrochemical reactor. The results and analyzes suggest that hydrogen peroxide and hydrated electrons generated from the plasma-liquid interactions play the roles of reductants in the solutions, respectively. Hydrogen peroxide can be generated in the case of the liquid being a cathode or an anode, while most of hydrated electrons are formed in the case of the liquid being an anode. Therefore, the reduction of the AuCl4
− ions is mostly attributed to the hydrogen peroxide as the liquid acts as a cathode, while to the hydrogen peroxide and hydrated electrons as the liquid acts as an anode. Moreover, the pH value of the solution can be used to tune the formation processes and the final form of the AuNPs due to its mediation of reductants.