bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Better precision of a new robotically assisted system for total knee arthroplasty compared to conventional techniques: A sawbone model study
Authors: Li Zheng , Chen Xin , Zhang Xiaofeng , Yan Jun , Song Youdong , Huo Yujia , Lin Jin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of this new HURWA robotic‐assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) technique to the accuracy of the conventional technique in a sawbone model.MethodsThe HURWA robotic‐assisted TKA system was applied in the robotic group. After bone resection, all of these sawbones were scanned by the use of a structured light scanning system. Measurements of bone resections, femoral coronal and sagittal measurements, and tibial coronal and sagittal measurements were recorded.ResultsCompared to the conventional technique, the HURWA robotic‐assisted system significantly improved the accuracy of the bone resection levels and angles. In the robotic group, the accuracy of all of the bone resection levels was below 0.6 mm (with standard deviation [SD] below 0.6 mm), and all of the bone resection angles were below 0.6° (with SD below 0.4°).ConclusionOur data suggest that this novel HURWA robotic‐assisted system can significantly improve the accuracy of bone resection levels and angles.
In Vitro Anticancer and In Silico Studies of Some 1,4‐Benzoxazine‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole Hybrids
Authors: Nagaraju Ashwini , Kumar Nukala Satheesh , Narasimha Swamy Thirukovela T. , Manchal Ravinder 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe one‐pot synthesis of some new 1,4‐benzoxazine‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole hybrids (4 a–4 n) through the reaction between 3‐(3‐oxo‐2H‐benzo[b][1,4]oxazin‐4(3H)‐yl)propanenitrile and several aromatic carboxylicacids was reported herein. Five of them showed promising in vitro anticaner activity over A549 (lung), PC3 (prostate), HeLa (cervical) and MCF‐7 (breast) when compared with Etoposide. Predominantly, the compound 4 g has shown most promisng activity against A549, PC3, HeLa and MCF‐7 with IC50 values of 3.98, 3.41, 6.82 and 3.82 μM respectively. In addition, in silico studies of derivatives (4 a–n) on EGFR receptor recommended that the more potent compound 4 g strongly binds to protein EGFR (pdb id : 4HJO).
Alumina‐Supported Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal‐Based Catalyst for Selective Decarboxylation of Itaconic Acid to Methacrylic Acid
Authors: Ali Hadi , Kansal Sushil Kumar , Saravanamurugan Shunmugavel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe present study focuses on selective decarboxylation of itaconic acid (IA) to methacrylic acid (MAA) using alkali and alkaline earth metals (Na, K, Mg and Ca) supported on Al2O3, prepared by incipient wet impregnation approach. The parent Al2O3, predominantly composed of the boehmite phase, is entirely transformed to γ‐Al2O3 phase upon impregnating calcium, based on XRD analysis, and this is not the case for other metals employed in this study. FTIR analysis corroborates the complete decomposition of nitrate precursor in the case of calcium than other metals (Na, K and Mg). UV‐Vis analysis using diffused reflectance mode suggests that Ca incorporated on to the Al2O3 matrix. Among the catalysts employed, the highest yield of methacrylic acid (MAA) (46.7 %) is achieved with 5 wt % Ca/Al2O3 at 250 °C, 20 bar N2 after 3 h. Moreover, 15.1 % of α‐hydroxyisobutyric acid (α‐HIBA), a hydrated product of MAA, is also obtained, and thus, the combined yield of MAA and α‐HIBA is 61.8 %. The selective decarboxylation of IA to MAA/α‐HIBA can be correlated with the number of basic sites present in the 5 wt % Ca/Al2O3, which possess the highest number of basic sites than other catalysts.
TfOH/DMEDA‐Mediated Cyclization of 2‐(3‐Arylthioureido)‐amide to Form 2‐Thioimidazoline‐4‐ones
Authors: An Guanghui , Liu Jianhui 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA synthetic methodology for a series of 2‐thioimidazoline‐4‐ones (4 a–4 u) was developed using trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TfOH)/N,N′‐dimethylethylenediamines (DMEDA) in dichloromethane. α‐Aminoacetamides and isothiocyanates were used to prepare 2‐(3‐arylthiourea)amide (3 a–3 u), which was cyclized to produce the desired 2‐thioimidazoline‐4‐ones with good to excellent yield (75 %‐95 %). All the new compounds obtained were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS, and further corroborated by X‐ray crystallography for 4 i, 4 o, 4 p.
Bifunctional Self‐Powered Drug Delivery System to Promote the Release and Transdermal Delivery of Polar Molecules
Authors: Ma Zequn , Zhang Yi , Zhang Yihe , An Qi , Dong Hong , Fu Han , Zhang Hui , Zhang Shuting , Tong Wangshu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractElectrical stimulation to enhance molecular release and transdermal drug delivery has aroused extensive research and clinical medical interest owing to its unique advantages such as being stimuli‐responsive, sensitive, flexible, and controllable. Herein, a self‐powered system driven by piezoelectric substrate is designed to promote the release and transdermal delivery of polar molecules. Notedly, the electric signals generated by piezoelectric substrate contribute to trigger the electric‐responsive drug release and transdermal drug delivery. In addition, the system can be considered as a layer‐by‐layer drug depot with mesoporous silica particles assembled on a piezoelectric flexible composite film, through which the electric signals can be gathered and stored from biomechanical energy. As a result, the ginsenoside Rb1, a representative polar Chinese medicine molecule, can be facilely released from the integrated device in response to finger press. Importantly, the amount of penetration through skin tissues and cells was significantly increased under mechanical stimuli, and the cell bioactivity results manifested that the system also supported high cell viabilities. The integrated device is anticipated to achieving high efficiency in drug release and transdermal delivery via acting as a transdermal patch in the field of biomedicine.
Trauma exposure and the PTSD symptoms of college teachers during the peak of the COVID‐19 outbreak
Authors: Fan Changyu , Fu Ping , Li Xueyan , Li Min , Zhu Miao 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to explore influencing factors for the psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) on Wuhan college teachers, posttraumatic stress symptoms in particular, so as to inform evidence‐based strategy development to ameliorate such adverse impacts. An online survey was conducted from 26 to 29 April 2020, and 1650 teachers (47.54% male; M = 40.28 years, SD = 8.3 years) enrolled in Wuhan universities and colleges participated. The results showed that the overall incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among college teachers was as high as 24.55%, but the average level of PTSD score was low (M = 1.06, SD = 0.72). Logistic regression analysis showed that for those with confirmed COVID‐19, the ratio was much higher, up to 2.814 (95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.542, 5.136], p < 0.001); that is, compared with those without symptoms, the ratio of PTSD increased by 181%. For those who had family members or relatives who died of COVID‐19, the ratio was 5.592 (95% CI: [2.271, 13.766], p < 0.001), 459% higher than those who had no one who died. But the living places during the pandemic had no significant effect on PTSD. The findings suggest that mental health services reducing PTSD should be provided. Teachers who confirmed COVID‐19 or lost loved ones to COVID‐19 should be given particular care.
Predictive Value of Folate Receptor‐Positive Circulating Tumor Cells for the Preoperative Diagnosis of Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Zhao , Xu Ke , Xu Lekai , Dai Jie , Jin Kaiqi , Zhu Yuming , Yang Yang , Jiang Gening 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNoninvasive assessments of the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) are of great value for selecting individualized treatment options. However, the diagnostic accuracies of different preoperative LN evaluation methods in routine clinical practice are not satisfactory. Here, an assessment to detect folate receptor (FR)‐positive circulating tumor cells (CTCs) based on ligand‐targeted enzyme‐linked polymerization is established. FR‐positive CTCs have the potential to improve the specificity and sensitivity of diagnosing LNM in lung cancer patients. The addition of CTC level improved the diagnostic efficiency of the initial prediction model that comprises other clinical parameters. A nomogram for predicting preoperative LNM is established, which showed good prediction and calibration capacities and achieved an average area under the curve of 0.786. Good correlations are observed between the CTC level and nodal classifications, such as the number of positive LNs and the ratio of the number of positive LNs to removed LNs (LN ratio or LNR). The ligand‐targeted enzyme‐linked polymerization‐assisted assessment of CTCs enables noninvasive detection and has a useful predictive value for the preoperative diagnosis of LNM in patients with LAD.
Light Higgs searches in $$ t\overline{t}\phi $$ production at the LHC
Authors: Azevedo Duarte , Capucha Rodrigo , Gouveia Emanuel , Onofre António , Santos Rui 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper we propose a new reconstruction method to explore the low mass region in the associated production of top-quark pairs ($$ t\overline{t} $$
t

t
¯

) with a generic scalar boson (ϕ) at the LHC. The new method of mass reconstruction shows an improved resolution of at least a factor of two in the low mass region when compared to previous methods, without the loss of sensitivity of previous analyses. It turns out that it also leads to an improvement of the mass reconstruction of the 125 GeV Higgs for the same production process. We use an effective Lagrangian to describe a scalar with a generic Yukawa coupling to the top quarks. A full phenomenological analysis was performed, using Standard Model background and signal events generated with MadGraph5_aMC@NLO and reconstructed using a kinematic fit. The use of CP-sensitive variables allows then to maximize the distinction between CP-even and CP-odd components of the Yukawa couplings. Confidence Levels (CLs) for the exclusion of ϕ bosons with mixed CP (both CP-even and CP-odd components) were determined as a function of the top Yukawa couplings to the ϕ boson. The mass range analysed starts slightly above the ϒΥ mass up to 40 GeV, although the analysis can be used for an arbitrary mass. If no new light scalar is found, exclusion limits at 95% CL for the absolute value of the CP-even and CP-odd Yukawa are derived. Finally, we analyse how these limits constrain the parameter space of the complex two-Higgs doublet model (C2HDM).
Comments on magnetic black holes
Authors: Maldacena Juan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We discuss aspects of magnetically charged black holes in the Standard Model. For a range of charges, we argue that the electroweak symmetry is restored in the near horizon region. The extent of this phase can be macroscopic. If Q is the integer magnetic charge, the fermions lead to order Q massless two dimensional fermions moving along the magnetic field lines. These greatly enhance Hawking radiation effects.
Do all 5d SCFTs descend from 6d SCFTs?
Authors: Bhardwaj Lakshya 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present examples of 5d SCFTs that serve as counter-examples to a recently actively studied conjecture according to which it should be possible to obtain all 5d SCFTs by integrating out BPS particles from 6d SCFTs compactified on a circle. We further observe that it is possible to obtain these 5d SCFTs from 6d SCFTs if one allows integrating out BPS strings as well. Based on this observation, we propose a revised version of the conjecture according to which it should be possible to obtain all 5d SCFTs by integrating out both BPS particles and BPS strings from 6d SCFTs compactified on a circle. We describe a general procedure to integrate out BPS strings from a 5d theory once a geometric description of the 5d theory is given. We also discuss the consequences of the revised conjecture for the classification program of 5d SCFTs.
Two-meson form factors in unitarized chiral perturbation theory
Authors: Shi Yu-Ji , Seng Chien-Yeah , Guo Feng-Kun , Kubis Bastian , Meißner Ulf-G. , Wang Wei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present a comprehensive analysis of form factors for two light pseudoscalar mesons induced by scalar, vector, and tensor quark operators. The theoretical framework is based on a combination of unitarized chiral perturbation theory and dispersion relations. The low-energy constants in chiral perturbation theory are fixed by a global fit to the available data of the two-meson scattering phase shifts. Each form factor derived from unitarized chiral perturbation theory is improved by iteratively applying a dispersion relation. This study updates the existing results in the literature and explores those that have not been systematically studied previously, in particular the two-meson tensor form factors within unitarized chiral perturbation theory. We also discuss the applications of these form factors as mandatory inputs for low-energy phenomena, such as the semi-leptonic decays Bs→ π+π−ℓ+ℓ− and the τ lepton decay τ → π−π0ντ, in searches for physics beyond the Standard Model.
The perturbative CFT optical theorem and high-energy string scattering in AdS at one loop
Authors: Antunes António , Costa Miguel S. , Hansen Tobias , Salgarkar Aaditya , Sarkar Sourav 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We derive an optical theorem for perturbative CFTs which computes the double discontinuity of conformal correlators from the single discontinuities of lower order correlators, in analogy with the optical theorem for flat space scattering amplitudes. The theorem takes a purely multiplicative form in the CFT impact parameter representation used to describe high-energy scattering in the dual AdS theory. We use this result to study four-point correlation functions that are dominated in the Regge limit by the exchange of the graviton Regge trajectory (Pomeron) in the dual theory. At one-loop the scattering is dominated by double Pomeron exchange and receives contributions from tidal excitations of the scattering states which are efficiently described by an AdS vertex function, in close analogy with the known Regge limit result for one-loop string scattering in flat space at finite string tension. We compare the flat space limit of the conformal correlator to the flat space results and thus derive constraints on the one-loop vertex function for type IIB strings in AdS and also on general spinning tree level type IIB amplitudes in AdS.
The Master Ward Identity for Scalar QED
Authors: Dütsch Michael , Peters Luis , Rehren Karl-Henning 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIt is emphasized that for interactions with derivative couplings, the Ward Identity (WI) securing the preservation of a global symmetry should be modified. Scalar QED is taken as an explicit example. More precisely, it is rigorously shown in scalar QED that the naive WI and the improved Ward Identity (‘Master Ward Identity’, MWI) are related to each other by a finite renormalization of the time-ordered product (‘T-product’) for the derivative fields, and we point out that the MWI has advantages over the naive WI—in particular with regard to the proof of the MWI. We show that the MWI can be fulfilled in all orders of perturbation theory by an appropriate renormalization of the T-product, without conflict with other standard renormalization conditions. Relations with other recent formulations of the MWI are established.
Noncrossing Arc Diagrams, Tamari Lattices, and Parabolic Quotients of the Symmetric Group
Authors: Mühle Henri 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOrdering permutations by containment of inversion sets yields a fascinating partial order on the symmetric group: the weak order. This partial order is, among other things, a semidistributive lattice. As a consequence, every permutation has a canonical representation as a join of other permutations. Combinatorially, these canonical join representations can be modeled in terms of arc diagrams. Moreover, these arc diagrams also serve as a model to understand quotient lattices of the weak order. A particularly well-behaved quotient lattice of the weak order is the well-known Tamari lattice, which appears in many seemingly unrelated areas of mathematics. The arc diagrams representing the members of the Tamari lattices are better known as noncrossing partitions. Recently, the Tamari lattices were generalized to parabolic quotients of the symmetric group. In this article, we undertake a structural investigation of these parabolic Tamari lattices, and explain how modified arc diagrams aid the understanding of these lattices.
Significant increase in quantity and quality of knee arthroplasty related research in KSSTA over the past 15 years
Authors: Kirschbaum Stephanie , Kakzhad Thilo , Granrath Fabian , Jasina Andrzej , Oronowicz Jakub , Perka Carsten , Kopf Sebastian , Gwinner Clemens , Pumberger Matthias 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate both publication and authorship characteristics in Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy journal (KSSTA) regarding knee arthroplasty over the past 15 years.

Methods
PubMed was searched for articles published in KSSTA between January 1, 2006, and December 31st, 2020, utilising the search term ‘knee arthroplasty’. 1288 articles met the inclusion criteria. The articles were evaluated using the following criteria: type of article, type of study, main topic and special topic, use of patient-reported outcome scores, number of references and citations, level of evidence (LOE), number of authors, gender of the first author and continent of origin. Three time intervals were compared: 2006–2010, 2011–2015 and 2016–2020.

Results
Between 2016 and 2020, publications peaked at 670 articles (52%) compared with 465 (36%) published between 2011 and 2016 and 153 articles (12%) between 2006 and 2010. While percentage of reviews (2006–2010: 0% vs. 2011–2015: 5% vs. 2016–2020: 5%) and meta-analyses (1% vs. 6% vs. 5%) increased, fewer case reports were published (13% vs. 3% vs. 1%) (p < 0.001). Interest in navigation and computer-assisted surgery decreased, whereas interest in perioperative management, robotic and individualized surgery increased over time (p < 0.001). There was an increasing number of references [26 (2–73) vs. 30 (2–158) vs. 31 (1–143), p < 0.001] while number of citations decreased [30 (0–188) vs. 22 (0–264) vs. 6 (0–106), p < 0.001]. LOE showed no significant changes (p = 0.439). The number of authors increased between each time interval (p < 0.001), while the percentage of female authors was comparable between first and last interval (p = 0.252). Europe published significantly fewer articles over time (56% vs. 47% vs. 52%), whereas the number of articles from Asia increased (35% vs. 45% vs. 37%, p = 0.005).

Conclusion
Increasing interest in the field of knee arthroplasty-related surgery arose within the last 15 years in KSSTA. The investigated topics showed a significant trend towards the latest techniques at each time interval. With rising number of authors, the part of female first authors also increased—but not significantly. Furthermore, publishing characteristics showed an increasing number of publications from Asia and a slightly decreasing number in Europe.

Level of evidence
IV.
Quantitative Backscattered Electron Imaging of Bone Using a Thermionic or a Field Emission Electron Source
Authors: Hartmann Markus A. , Blouin Stéphane , Misof Barbara M. , Fratzl-Zelman Nadja , Roschger Paul , Berzlanovich Andrea , Gruber Gerlinde M. , Brugger Peter C. , Zwerina Jochen , Fratzl Peter 
Published: April 2021

AbstractQuantitative backscattered electron imaging is an established method to map mineral content distributions in bone and to determine the bone mineralization density distribution (BMDD). The method we applied was initially validated for a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with a tungsten hairpin cathode (thermionic electron emission) under strongly defined settings of SEM parameters. For several reasons, it would be interesting to migrate the technique to a SEM with a field emission electron source (FE-SEM), which, however, would require to work with different SEM parameter settings as have been validated for DSM 962. The FE-SEM has a much better spatial resolution based on an electron source size in the order of several 100 nanometers, corresponding to an about $$10^5$$

10
5

to $$10^6$$

10
6

times smaller source area compared to thermionic sources. In the present work, we compare BMDD between these two types of instruments in order to further validate the methodology. We show that a transition to higher pixel resolution (1.76, 0.88, and 0.57 μm) results in shifts of the BMDD peak and BMDD width to higher values. Further the inter-device reproducibility of the mean calcium content shows a difference of up to 1 wt% Ca, while the technical variance of each device can be reduced to $$\pm 0.17$$

±
0.17

wt% Ca. Bearing in mind that shifts in calcium levels due to diseases, e.g., high turnover osteoporosis, are often in the range of 1 wt% Ca, both the bone samples of the patients as well as the control samples have to be measured on the same SEM device. Therefore, we also constructed new reference BMDD curves for adults to be used for FE-SEM data comparison.
Gluten-degrading bacteria: availability and applications
Authors: Kõiv Viia , Tenson Tanel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Gluten is a mixture of storage proteins in wheat and occurs in smaller amounts in other cereal grains. It provides favorable structure to bakery products but unfortunately causes disease conditions with increasing prevalence. In the human gastrointestinal tract, gluten is cleaved into proline and gluten rich peptides that are not degraded further. These peptides trigger immune responses that might lead to celiac disease, wheat allergy, and non-celiac gluten sensitivity. The main treatment option is a gluten-free diet. Alternatively, using enzymes or microorganisms with gluten-degrading properties might alleviate the disease. These components can be used during food production or could be introduced into the digestive tract as food supplements. In addition, natural food from the environment is known to enrich the microbial communities in gut and natural environmental microbial communities have high potential to degrade gluten. It remains to be investigated if food and environment-induced changes in the gut microbiome could contribute to the triggering of gluten-related diseases.

Key points
• Wheat proteins, gluten, are incompletely digested in human digestive tract leading to gluten intolerance.
• The only efficient treatment of gluten intolerance is life-long gluten-free diet.
• Environmental bacteria acquired together with food could be source of gluten-degrading bacteria detoxifying undigested gluten peptides.