bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of patient-derived organoid models of lower-grade glioma
Authors: Abdullah Kalil G , Bird Cylaina E , Buehler Joseph D , Gattie Lauren C , Savani Milan R , Sternisha Alex C , Xiao Yi , Levitt Michael M , Hicks William H , Li Wenhao , Ramirez Denise M O , Patel Toral , Garzon-Muvdi Tomas , Barnett Samuel , Zhang Gao , Ashley David M , Hatanpaa Kimmo J , Richardson Timothy E , McBrayer Samuel K 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Historically, creating patient-derived models of lower-grade glioma (LGG) has been challenging, contributing to few experimental platforms that support laboratory-based investigations of this disease. Although organoid modeling approaches have recently been employed to create in vitro models of high-grade glioma (HGG), it is unknown whether this approach can be successfully applied to LGG.

Methods
In this study, we developed an optimized protocol for the establishment of organoids from LGG primary tissue samples by utilizing physiologic (5%) oxygenation conditions and employed it to produce the first known suite of these models. To assess their fidelity, we surveyed key biological features of patient-derived organoids using metabolic, genomic, histologic, and lineage marker gene expression assays.

Results
Organoid models were created with a success rate of 91% (n = 20/22) from primary tumor samples across glioma histological subtypes and tumor grades (WHO Grades 1–4), and a success rate of 87% (13/15) for WHO Grade 1–3 tumors. Patient-derived organoids recapitulated stemness, proliferative, and tumor-stromal composition profiles of their respective parental tumor specimens. Cytoarchitectural, mutational, and metabolic traits of parental tumors were also conserved. Importantly, LGG organoids were maintained in vitro for weeks to months and reanimated after biobanking without loss of integrity.

Conclusions
We report an efficient method for producing faithful in vitro models of LGG. New experimental platforms generated through this approach are well positioned to support preclinical studies of this disease, particularly those related to tumor immunology, tumor-stroma interactions, identification of novel drug targets, and personalized assessments of treatment response profiles.
Investigating secondary pre-service teachers as teachers and learners of mathematical modeling
Authors: Wickstrom Megan H , Arnold Elizabeth G 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThere is a growing attention around the preparation of pre-service teachers (PSTs) as both learners and teachers of mathematical modeling. Current literature focuses on preparing PSTs as learners of modeling, and we extend current work by examining how PSTs integrate their understanding of modeling into the work of teaching. This study follows two groups of PSTs, concurrently enrolled in a modeling course and a secondary methods of teaching course, as they completed a joint unit of instruction in which they designed, refined and enacted a modeling lesson in a secondary classroom. We explore how PSTs build understanding across learning opportunities with respect to four modeling competencies: theoretical, task related, teaching and diagnostic. Our findings indicate that PSTs were able to grow across all four competencies. Theoretical competencies developed from time spent working with modeling tasks as learners and working collaboratively with instructors and peers. Task related and teaching competencies took time to develop as PSTs often wrestled with their conceptions of modeling as learners with existing conceptions of teaching and task design. Diagnostic competencies developed from structured time to reflect on lesson enactment and changes that could be made to best support student learning. Overall, we found that PSTs benefit from engaging in modeling tasks as learners and in enacting components of teaching modeling lessons.
NIN-Like Proteins: Interesting Players in Rhizobia-Induced Nitrate Signaling Response During Interaction with Non-Legume Host Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Hernández-Reyes Casandra , Lichtenberg Elisabeth , Keller Jean , Delaux Pierre-Marc , Ott Thomas , Schenk Sebastian T. 
Published: November 2021

Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient and a key cellular messenger. Plants have evolved refined molecular systems to sense the cellular nitrogen status. This is exemplified by the root nodule symbiosis between legumes and symbiotic rhizobia, where nitrate availability inhibits this mutualistic interaction. Additionally, nitrate also functions as a metabolic messenger, resulting in nitrate signaling cascades which intensively crosstalk with other physiological pathways. Nodule inception-like proteins (NLPs) are key players in nitrate signaling and regulate nitrate-dependent transcription during legume–rhizobia interactions. Nevertheless, the coordinated interplay between nitrate signaling pathways and rhizobacteria-induced responses remains to be elucidated. In our study, we investigated rhizobia-induced changes in the root system architecture of the non-legume host arabidopsis under different nitrate conditions. We demonstrate that rhizobium-induced lateral root growth and increased root hair length and density are regulated by a nitrate-related signaling pathway. Key players in this process are AtNLP4 and AtNLP5, because the corresponding mutants failed to respond to rhizobia. At the cellular level, AtNLP4 and AtNLP5 control a rhizobia-induced decrease in cell elongation rates, while additional cell divisions occurred independently of AtNLP4. In summary, our data suggest that root morphological responses to rhizobia are coordinated by a newly considered nitrate-related NLP pathway that is evolutionarily linked to regulatory circuits described in legumes. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .
Ventricular assist device for Fontan: who, when and why?
Authors: Reid Catherine S. , Kaiser Heiko A. , Heinisch Paul Philipp , Bruelisauer Thomas , Michel Sebastian , Siepe Matthias 
Published: November 2021

Purpose of review
Since the advent of the Fontan palliation, survival of patients with univentricular congenital heart disease has increased significantly. These patients will, however, ultimately develop heart failure requiring advanced therapies such as heart transplantation. As wait times are long, mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is an attractive therapy, both for bridge to transplantation and destination therapy in patients not suitable for transplantation. This review aims to summarize current thinking about how to determine which patients would benefit from a ventricular assist device (VAD), the optimal time for implantation and which device should be considered.

Recent findings
VAD implantation in end-stage Fontan is still in its infancy; however, case reports and research interest have increased extensively in the past few years. Mortality is significantly higher than in noncongenital heart disease patients. Implantation in patients with primarily systolic dysfunction is indicated, whereas patients with increased transpulmonary gradient may not benefit from a single-VAD solution. When possible, implantation should occur prior to clinical decompensation with evidence of end-organ damage, as outcomes at this point are worse.

Summary
Fontan patients demonstrating signs of heart failure should be evaluated early and often for feasibility and optimal timing of VAD implantation. The frequency of this procedure will likely increase significantly in the future.
Passive Recharge Burst Spinal Cord Stimulation Provides Sustainable Improvements in Pain and Psychosocial Function: 2-year Results From the TRIUMPH Study
Authors: Deer Timothy R. , Falowski Steven M. , Moore Gregory A. , Hutcheson J. Kelby , Peña Isaac , Candido Kenneth , Cornidez Eric G. , Fraunberg von und zu , Blomme Bram , Capobianco Robyn A. 
Published: November 2021

Study Design.
Prospective, international, multicenter, single-arm, post-market study.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to assess long-term safety and effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation using a passive recharge burst stimulation design for chronic intractable pain in the trunk and/or limbs. Herein we present 24-month outcomes from the TRIUMPH study (NCT03082261).

Summary of Background Data.
Passive recharge burst spinal cord stimulation (B-SCS) uniquely mimics neuronal burst firing patterns in the nervous system and has been shown to modulate the affective and attentional components of pain processing.

Methods.
After a successful trial period, subjects received a permanent SCS implant and returned for follow-up at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months.

Results.
Significant improvements in physical, mental, and emotional functioning observed after 6 months of treatment were maintained at 2 years. Pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) scores dropped below the population norm. Health-related quality of life on EQ-5D improved across all domains and the mean index score was within one standard deviation of norm. Pain reduction (on NRS) was statistically significant (P < 0.001) at all timepoints. Patient reported pain relief, a stated percentage of improvement in pain, was consistent at all timepoints at 60%. Patients reported significant improvements across all measures including activity levels and impact of pain on daily life. At 24 months, 84% of subjects were satisfied and 90% would recommend the procedure. Subjects decreased their chronic pain medication intake for all categories; 38% reduced psychotropic and muscle relaxants, 46% reduced analgesic, anti-convulsant and NSAIDs, and 48% reduced opioid medication. Adverse events occurred at low rates without unanticipated events.

Conclusion.
Early positive results with B-SCS were maintained long term. Evidence across multiple assessment tools show that B-SCS can alleviate pain intensity, psychological distress, and improve physical function and health-related quality of life.

Level of Evidence: 3
Assessment of Adult Spinal Deformity Complication Timing and Impact on 2-Year Outcomes Using a Comprehensive Adult Spinal Deformity Classification System
Authors: Wick Joseph B. , Le Hai V. , Lafage Renaud , Gupta Munish C. , Hart Robert A. , Mundis Gregory M. , Bess Shay , Burton Douglas C. , Ames Christopher P. , Smith Justin S. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Schwab Frank J. , Passias Peter G. , Protopsaltis Themistocles S. , Lafage Virginie , Klineberg Eric O. 
Published: November 2021

Study Design.
Retrospective review of prospectively collected multicenter registry data.

Objective.
To identify rates and timing of postoperative complications in adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients, the impact of complication type and timing on health related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes, and the impact of complication timing on readmission and reoperation rates. Better understanding of complication timing and impact on HRQoL may improve patient selection, preoperative counseling, and postoperative complication surveillance.

Summary of Background Data.
ASD is common and associated with significant disability. Surgical correction is often pursued, but is associated with high complication rates. The International Spine Study Group, AO Spinal Deformity Forum, and European Spine Study Group have developed a new complication classification system for ASD (ISSG-AO spine complications classification system).

Methods.
The ISSG-AO spine complications classification system was utilized to assess complications occurring over the 2-year postoperative time period amongst a multicenter, prospectively enrolled cohort of patients who underwent surgery for ASD. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were established for each complication type. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for baseline disability and comorbidities. Associations between each complication type and HRQoL, and reoperation/readmission and complication timing, were assessed.

Results.
Of 584 patients meeting inclusion criteria, cardiopulmonary, gastrointestinal, infection, early adverse events, and operative complications contributed to a rapid initial decrease in complication-free survival. Implant-related, radiographic, and neurologic complications substantially decreased long-term complication-free survival. Only radiographic and implant-related complications were significantly associated with worse 2-year HRQoL outcomes. Need for readmission and/or reoperation was most frequent among those experiencing complications after postoperative day 90.

Conclusion.
Surgeons should recognize that long-term complications have a substantial negative impact on HRQoL, and should carefully monitor for implant-related and radiographic complications over long-term follow-up.

Level of Evidence: 4
Efficacy and Safety of Short-Term Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in East Asians: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Ma Ying , Zhong Peng-Yu , Shang Yao-Sheng , Bai Nan , Niu Ying , Wang Zhi-Lu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
The optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for patients implanted with new-generation drug-eluting stents in East Asians is currently still controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the efficacy and safety of short-term DAPT in patients with those. In this study, randomized controlled trials from PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched to compare the efficacy and safety of short-term DAPT (6 months or less) with long-term DAPT (12 months or more) in patients implanted with new-generation drug-eluting stents in East Asian from inception to September 2020. The primary efficacy outcome was all-cause death, the primary safety outcome was major bleeding, and the secondary outcomes included cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, definite or possible stent thrombosis, and stroke. A total of 6 randomized controlled trials with 15,688 patients met inclusion criteria; there were no significant differences in the incidence of all-cause death [risk ratio (RR), 1.03; 0.76–1.39; P = 0.856)], cardiovascular death (RR, 0.83; 0.55–1.24; P = 0.361), myocardial infarction (RR, 0.97; 0.72–1.31; P = 0.853), definite or possible stent thrombosis (RR, 1.52; 0.83–2.78; P = 0.170), and stroke (RR, 0.90; 0.61–1.31; P = 0.574) between short-term and long-term DAPTs. However, there was a significant difference in the risk of major bleeding (RR, 0.64; 0.49–0.85; P = 0.002) between the 2 groups. Compared with long-term DAPT, the short-term DAPT can reduce the risk of major bleeding without increasing the risk of death or ischemia for East Asians (Registered by PROSPERO, CRD42020213266).
Association of IL-10 -819C/T, -592A/C polymorphisms with the risk of preeclampsia
Authors: Che Guanglu , Liu Fang , Chang Li , Jiang Yongmei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objective:
The purpose of our study was to investigate whether IL-10 -819C/T, -592A/C polymorphisms were associated with preeclampsia (PE) susceptibility.

Methods:
A comprehensive and systematic literature search was performed through online databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, and Chinese databases. Then eligible literatures were included according to inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Statistical data analysis was performed using Stata 10.0 software. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval were applied to evaluated the association between IL-10 -819C/T, -592A/C polymorphisms and PE susceptibility.

Results:
According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 case-control studies, including 1423 cases and 2031 controls, were included in this meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis revealed that no association was found between IL-10 -819C/T, -592A/C polymorphisms and the risk of PE in our study.

Conclusion:
Our meta-analysis suggested that IL-10 -819C/T and -592A/C polymorphisms had no association with PE susceptibility, but had a significant association with PE susceptibility in Asian and Caucasian.
Association between obesity and chronic periodontitis
Authors: Chen Tsung-Po , Yu Hui-Chieh , Lin Tai-Hsin , Wang Yu-Hsun , Chang Yu-Chao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that obesity might be associated with chronic periodontitis (CP); however, no clear conclusions have been reached so far. In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to investigate the association between obesity and CP by using a large population-based dataset in Taiwan.
A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010 (LHID2010) derived from the National Health Insurance Research database in Taiwan, from 2000 to 2013. Obesity and non-obesity groups were matched with sex, age, urbanization level, socioeconomic status, and the related comorbidities by using the propensity score method at a 1:2 ratio.
An obese cohort (n = 4140) and a non-obese cohort (n = 8280) were included in this study, with an average age of 41.7 ± 13.8 years and 42.0 ± 14.0 years, respectively. The risk of CP for the patients with obesity was 1.12-fold compared with those without obesity (hazard ratio, 1.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.25). In the subgroup analysis according to age and sex, the hazard ratio of CP were 1.98 (95% confidence interval, 1.22–3.22) in the subgroup of age equal to or older than 65 years. The risk of CP showed no difference between obesity and non-obesity groups in both sex.
This population-based cohort study demonstrated that obesity was associated with the development of CP in Taiwan.
Association between breakfast consumption frequency and the risk of irritable bowel syndrome among Chinese female college students
Authors: Zhang Chaowei , Zhang Jingyu , Wang Yaru , Lang Rui , Su Linxiu , Yu Miao , Zhao Xiaochen , Yang Guang , Ren Zhongyu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder that affects specific groups of people. The relationship between breakfast consumption frequency and the risk of IBS is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between breakfast consumption frequency and the risk of IBS among Chinese female college students.
In this cross-sectional study (n = 706) conducted in October 2018, the frequency of breakfast consumption was categorized as 0 to 3 times/week, 4 to 6 times/week, or daily. IBS was diagnosed according to the Rome III criteria and was based on the presence of abdominal pain or discomfort for at least 3 months during the previous 6 months, with at least 2 or more of the following conditions: changes in frequency or form of stool and/or decrease in pain after defecation. We adjusted for confounding factors, including age, only child (yes or no), parents’ educational levels (senior high school or below, college, or postgraduate), parents’ marital status (married, widowed, or divorced), smoking status (smoker or nonsmoker), drinking status (drinker or nondrinker), body mass index, and depressive symptoms. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between breakfast frequency and the risk of IBS.
Among 706 participants, 23.7% were the only child in their family, and the proportion of parents divorced or widowed was 18.5%. The proportion of fathers and mothers with high school education or above was 93.3% and 96.3%, respectively. The prevalence of IBS among the participants was 17.3% (122/706). Multivariate logistic regressions analysis showed that breakfast consumption frequency is negatively associated with the risk of IBS after adjusting for confounding factors. The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for IBS in the breakfast frequency category of 0 to 3 times/week, 4 to 6 times/week, and daily were 1.00 (reference), 0.96 (0.58, 1.60), and 0.45 (0.26, 0.78), respectively (P = .002).
Our data revealed that regular breakfast consumption is associated with a lower risk of IBS among Chinese college students. Future cohort and/or interventional studies should be conducted to further explore the association between breakfast consumption frequency and IBS.
The female athlete triad: review of current literature
Authors: Maya Jacqueline , Misra Madhusmita 
Published: November 2021

Purpose of review
Adolescence and young adulthood are a critical period in the life of women for optimizing long-term bone health. Young athletes lead a demanding lifestyle with increased dietary requirements to meet the robust demands of energy expenditure to maintain a state of energy balance. During a time of fast paced changes and unpredictable societal demands on young athletes, it is important to review the severe consequences of energy deficiency and options for adequate management.

Recent findings
This review focuses on hormonal adaptations that occur in energy deficient female athletes that lead to menstrual irregularities and impaired bone health, increasing the risk for stress and other fractures. We also describe management strategies to mitigate the consequences of limited energy availability on bone and other outcomes.

Summary
These strategies should help guide the management of young female athletes to prevent irreversible changes to their bone health. Identifying current knowledge should help increase awareness among medical providers, which can then be communicated to the sports community, parents, and athletes.
Psychological Distress Profiles of Young Adults With Vulnerable Narcissism Traits
Authors: Casale Silvia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The current study hypothesizes a mediating role for shame in the association between vulnerable narcissism (VN) and depressive and social anxiety symptoms. A sample of 600 undergraduates was administered psychometrically sound self-reports to assess the study variables. Structural Equation Modeling supported the mediating effect of shame in the association between VN and depressive symptoms, irrespective of the way VN was assessed (i.e., Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale [HSNS] or Pathological Narcissism Inventory). Conversely, shame did not mediate the association with social anxiety when VN was assessed through the (HSNS). A direct effect of VN on both depressive and social anxiety symptoms was also detected. The results are discussed in the context of their implications, while also focusing on the different findings that emerged via the measures used to assess VN.