bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Stage II–III Breast Cancer: A Single-center Experience
Authors: Zaher Haidi Abd El , Fathy Hamdad , Abozeid Mohamed , Faisal Mohammed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction: We conducted this study to reflect a single-center experience with the use of neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy for the management of women with operable breast cancer.Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review on all women presenting with operable, stage II-III, breast cancer and were scheduled for neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy at Suez Canal University Hospital. The primary outcome of this study was to estimate the proportion of patients with operable breast cancer who become eligible for breast conservative surgery (CBS) after neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy.Results: A total of 147 patients were included. Before the initiation of chemotherapy, only 66 (44.9%) patients were indicated for breast conservative surgery (CBS). A total of 40 (50.6%) new patients, out of the 81 patients who were ineligible before chemotherapy, became eligible for breast conservative surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (95% CI 39.3 – 61.9%). On the other hand, nine (13.6%) patients became ineligible for breast conservative surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Out of the 98 eligible patients for breast conservative surgery after chemotherapy, 72 (73.5%) patients underwent the surgery and the remaining 26 patients chose total modified radical mastectomy (MRM). A total of 55 (76.4%) patients achieved pathological complete response pCR. One woman (0.1%) experienced relapse at the 3rd year of follow-up and three women (2%) experienced relapse at the 5th year of follow-up. The difference between patients who underwent breast conservative surgery and total mastectomy was not statistically significant (p =0.22 and 0.07, respectively).Conclusion: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can play a crucial role in increasing the rate of eligibility for breast conservative surgery among women with operable, stage II-III, breast cancer.
Paleotsunami History of Hachinohe, Northern Japan: A Multiproxy Analysis and Numerical Modeling Approach
Authors: Velasco-Reyes Erick R. , Goto Kazuhisa , Sugawara Daisuke , Nishimura Yuichi , Shinohara Takahiro , Chiba Takashi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Paleotsunami studies along the Pacific coast of Tohoku, northern Japan, have been considerably developed recently, particuvclarly after the massive impact of the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami. Nevertheless, in the southernmost Shimokita Peninsula, studies pertaining to paleotsunami are underdeveloped, leading to vague understanding of the tsunamigenic sources northward of the Tohoku region, along with incomplete hazard evaluation. Paleotsunami deposits in Shimokita can be related not only to the Japan trench along the Sanriku coast, but also to the Kuril trench along the Pacific coast of Hokkaido. In this study, we unveiled the paleotsunami history of Hachinohe in northern Tohoku. Using a combination of sedimentological, geochemical, paleontological, and mineralogical proxies, we characterized seven sand layers that dated from ca. 2700 to ca. 5500 yr BP based on radiocarbon (14C) ages as event deposits of marine origin. Sedimentological and paleontological evidence coupled with ground penetrating radar imagery revealed a marsh environment comprising successive extinct ponds, controlling the depositional environment. Numerical modeling ruled out the possibility of storms as genetic sources, leading to the conclusion that the presence of event deposits with marine sediments in the study area would be associated with tsunami inundation episodes. Based on 14C dating, the average frequency of recurrence of tsunamis is estimated as 545–736 years with a 2σ error range. This interval is shorter than that estimated in Harashinai, northern Sanriku Coast, near our survey site, which suggests an average of 530 to 956 years (2σ) for the same time frame. The previously recorded limited paleotsunami evidence and absence of an estimated recurrence interval in the Shimokita Peninsula reaffirms the importance of Hachinohe as a tsunami record site for the activity of both trenches.
Arsenic Contamination of Groundwater and Its Clinical Impact on Inhabitants in Central East India
Authors: Tripathi Seema , Mishra Nikhil , Jonnalagadda Sreekanth B , KUMAR ANIL 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We have worked on the As concentrations present in the groundwater samples in the Rajnandgaon region of India, as well as the clinical assessment of the impact of Arsenicosis on the human population. Out of twenty groundwater samples from eight villages, arsenic was found to be above the permissible limit in eighteen samples. The people in the affected area were found suffering from diffused and spotted melanosis, diffused and nodular keratosis, leucomelanosis, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly. The hematological parameters, viz. low Hemoglobin, high ESR, and low PCV, with RBC, WBC, and Platelet counts adversely altered and increased Prothrombin time. The change in biochemical parameters reflects the toxic effect of prolonged exposure to arsenic viz. – low Serum Glucose, high LDL, HDL, and TG, decreased Total Protein, Albumin, and Globulin. Total Bilirubin, Creatinine, Urea, and SGPT were at higher levels, but the activity of Alkaline phosphatase was found lower. The study reveals the severe health impact on humans, especially on the liver, kidney, and skin caused by arsenic toxicity in Kaurikasa village and adjoining area.
Adaptive optimal sustainability framework in urban water supply system under different runoff scenarios
Authors: Moudi Mahdi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Recent droughts have caused a crisis in the water supply procedure, because as available water resources become more limited, the imbalance between the growing water demand and water supply in different sectors leads to unsustainability in the system. Thus, this study proposes a dynamic model to optimize water supply system under different scenarios aimed at improving sustainability of system. In fact, due to the negative impacts of the water crisis, the sustainability of the dynamic water supply system is evaluated and optimized according to the performance indicators of the system. Also, to investigate the proposed model, a real case study of the Sistan basin in Iran over ten years period is conducted. Based on the model, different management insights along with the scenario analysis are considered in order to assess the sustainability of system in more detail. According to the final output, the highest level of sustainability is related to the domestic sector because it has higher reliability and less vulnerability than other sectors.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of The Influence of the Trans-structure in the Molecular Chain Structure of Natural Rubber On Its Tensile Stress
Authors: Li Zechun , Yang Changjin , Zhao Fuchun , Wei Yanchan , Liao Shuangquan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Predicting the influence of trans-structures in the molecular chain structure of natural rubber (NR) on its tensile stress using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In this study, establish two all-atom models, all cis-structure model (model-1), containing 2% trans-structure and 98% cis-structure model (model-2), and calculated the cohesive energy density (CED) of the model to determine the feasibility of the model to simulate NR. Then, uniaxial tensile simulations were carried out for both models and it was found that the presence of the inverse structure reduced the tensile stresses in the models. This study is an important theoretical guide to the preparation of high-performance isoprene rubber (IR).
Effects of Virtual Reality-Based Physical And Psychological Exercise On Depression In Stroke Patients : A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Hebing , Cheng Zhaohua , Wang Shuo , Jia Yong , Li Chen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Virtual Reality (VR) has been widely used in health-related fields. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of virtual reality-based physical and psychological exercise on depression.Methods: A total of 752 patients with stroke from 11 randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies were included in this meta-analysis and the studies derived from 6 electronic databases searched from database inception to August 2021. For continuous results, the standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to synthesize the effects.Results: The meta-analysis showed that compared with control group, VR-based interventions significantly decreased the depression scale score (SMD = −0.71, 95% CI: −1.32, −0.10) in the subjects. The results showed that the the patient age and total intervention time had a significant impact on the outcome of depression. The smaller the age and longer the intervention duration, the greater the impact on the outcome of depression.Conclusions: The current meta-analysis indicated the virtual reality-based physical and psychological exercise has a significant effect on depression in stroke patients compared to controls. The study showed an outstanding reduction in depression for aged under 60 participants and intervention longer than 8 weeks. At the same time, clinical studies of different ages and different intervention time also need further in-depth study.
The impact of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) on neonatal primary hemostasis
Authors: Kollia Maria , Iacovidou Nicoletta , Iliodromiti Zoe , Pouliakis Abraham , Sokou Rozeta , Mougiou Vasiliki , Boutsikou Maria , Politou Marianna , Boutsikou Theodora , Valsami Serena 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Platelet function in IUGR neonates remain a field of debate, especially in preterm subgroup. Platelet Function Analyzer (PFA-100) offers a quantitative in vitro assessment of primary, platelet-related hemostasis. Our aim was to examine platelet function using PFA-100 in term and preterm IUGR neonates and associate our results with several perinatal parameters. PFA-100 was applied on 74 IUGR neonates, 48 full-term (> 37 weeks’ gestation) and 26 preterm neonates (< 37 weeks’ gestation). Control group consisted of 118 healthy neonates. Two CTs (with COL/EPI and COL/ADP cartridges) were determined on cord blood samples for each subject. COL/EPI CTs were prolonged in IUGR (median 132s) compared to control neonates (median 112,5s), p=0.0371. Median COL/EPI CT for term and preterm IUGR neonates was 126s and 137s respectively (p=0.0013), and COL/ADP CT was 70s for term and 75s for preterm IUGR neonates (p=0.0827). COL/ADP CTs were shorter in IUGR neonates born via vaginal delivery (p=0.0065), shorter after intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis with ampicillin (p=0.0045) and prolonged in neonates whose mothers received epidural anesthesia (p=0.032). The cause of IUGR has no impact on CTs (p>0.05 in all cases). COL/EPIand COL/ADP CTs had positive correlation (r=0.37, p<0.0012) whereas no correlation was proved between both CTs and hematological parameters in IUGR neonates. Conclusions: IUGR neonates showed impaired platelet function, with preterm IUGR neonates confronting the greater risk for bleeding tendency. Prolonged COL/EPI CTs seemed to be independent of hematological parameters, especially thrombocytopenia of IUGR neonates.
Banknote Authenticity is Signalled By Rapid Neural Responses
Authors: Dodgson Daniel B. , Raymond Jane E. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Authenticating valuable objects is widely assumed to involve protracted scrutiny for detection of reproduction flaws. Yet, accurate authentication of banknotes is possible within one second of viewing, suggesting that rapid neural processes may underpin counterfeit detection. To investigate, we measured event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in response to briefly viewed genuine or forensically recovered counterfeit banknotes presented in a visual oddball counterfeit detection task. Three ERP components, P1, P3, and extended P3, were assessed for each combination of banknote type (genuine, counterfeit) and overt response (“real”, “fake”). P1 amplitude was greater for oddballs, demonstrating that the initial feedforward sweep of visual processing yields the essential information for differentiating genuine from counterfeit. A similar oddball effect was found for P3. The magnitude of this P3 effect was positively correlated with behavioural counterfeit sensitivity, although the corresponding correlation for P1 was not. For the extended P3, amplitude was greatest for correctly detected counterfeits and similarly small for missed counterfeits, incorrectly and correctly categorised genuine banknotes. These results show that authentication of complex stimuli involves a cascade of neural processes that unfolds in under a second, beginning with a very rapid sensory analysis, followed by a later decision stage requiring higher level processing.
Terahertz Plasmonic Quantum Cascade Lasers: A Comprehensive Physics Study
Authors: Pakfetrat Faezeh , Pakarzadeh Hassan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Generation of terahertz (THz) radiation has been a hot research topic in recent years. Plasmonic quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are among the most compact and efficient sources to generate THz radiation. In this paper, we comprehensively study plasmonic QCLs designed based on the antenna-feedback structure to generate efficient radiation about the center frequency of 3 THz. By changing the geometric structure of the plasmonic cavity and using two-dimensional simulation, a minimum loss less than 5.9 cm-1 is achieved at the lasing frequency. It is also possible to control the orientation of the output beam either vertically or tilted by changing the geometry of the antenna design via chirped or non-chirped grating scheme. Moreover, the output characteristics of the QCL are simulated based on the three-level rate equations through which the dynamics of the laser, as well as the P-I curve are investigated. Also, the gain spectra for two laser designs (with chirped and non-chirped gratings) are simulated and compared to each other. The results of this paper may provide deep insight into designing efficient laser sources in the THz region.
Dietary Intake and Socio-economic Predictors of Inadequate Energy and Nutrient Intake Among Women of Child Bearing Age in Karamoja Sub-region of Uganda
Authors: Muggaga Christopher , Uma Ipolto Okello , Kaaya Archileo Natigo , Taylor David , Ongeng Duncan , Mugonola Basil 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Karamoja sub-region is the most food insecure part of Eastern Africa. The poor status of food security in the sub-region is reflected in the high rate of undernutrition among women of child bearing age (WCBA) and children under five years (CUFY). The sub-region is unique in Uganda in terms of cultural diversity, agro-ecology and rainfall pattern, and agricultural practices. However, the influence of these unique characteristics on dietary intake of WCBA in the sub-region is less understood. Therefore, this study examined dietary intake and socio-economic predictors of inadequate energy and nutrient intake among WCBA in Karamoja sub-region. Methods: A longitudinal study design was used involving 755 WCBA in the harvesting season where 635 were followed-up in the planting season. Data were collected using 24-hour recall, dietary diversity, and socio-economic and demographic questionnaires. Results: Intake of energy and nutrients were generally significantly higher (p<0.05) during the planting season than in the harvesting season. Irrespective of the district, physiological status and season, household consumption of plant-based foods was far higher than intake of animal-based foods dominated by starchy stables (76-100%), dark green leafy vegetables (70-100%) and legumes, nuts and seeds (22-97%) depending on the district. Majority of the respondents had two meals (breakfast: 65-100%; supper: 90-100%) with up to 45% of WCBA who consumed alcohol across meal times. Overall on average, 57.7, 66.6, 78.5, 60.3, 67.7 and 93.7% of WCBA did not meet the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) for energy, protein, calcium, iron, zinc and folic acid, respectively. Binary logistic regression revealed that inadequate intake of energy and nutrients significantly increased (p<0.05) with the status of being Lactating/breastfeeding, and was influenced by age of WCBA, number of women married, education level and occupation of the household head depending on season. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that dietary intake of WCBA in Karamoja sub-region was inadequate. Age of WCBA, number of women married, education level and occupation of the household head and spouse, and being a lactating/breastfeeding mother were the key socio-economic and demographic factors that influenced inadequate intake of energy and nutrients among WCBA.
The Effect and Mechanism of Lipoxin A4 on Neutrophil Function in LPS-induced lung injury
Authors: Pan Wenhao , Hu Xin , Chen Ben , Xu Qichao , Mei Hongxia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Excessive inflammatory response caused by infiltration of a large number of neutrophils is one of the important features of acute lung injury(ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is an important endogenous mediator in the process of inflammation resolution, which has a strong role in promoting inflammation resolution. In this study, we examined the impact of LXA4 on the pulmonary inflmmatory response and the neutrophil function in a rat model of ARDS. Our results indicated that Exogenous administration of LXA4 could reduce the degree of lung injury in ARDS rats and inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory factors TNF- α and IL-1β in lung tissue homogenate. However, LXA4 has no lung protective effect on ARDS rats with neutrophil depletion in rats, nor can it inhibit the levels of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β in lung tissue homogenate. LXA4 can inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NETs in peripheral blood neutrophils of ARDS rats. At the same time, LXA4 can promote the phagocytosis of neutrophils in ARDS rats in vitro, and can also promote the apoptosis of neutrophils in ARDS rats and reduce neutrophil NETosis. In addition, the effect of LXA4 on the function of peripheral blood neutrophils in ARDS rats is mediated by its receptor ALX. LXA4 can inhibit the release of NE and MPO from neutrophils, thereby inhibiting the production of NETs, and the effect of LXA4 can be comparable to NEi and MPO inhibitors. In summary, these findings indicate that LXA4 has a protective effect on LPS-induced ARDS rats by affecting the function of neutrophils.Summary sentenceLXA4 has protective effect on LPS induced ARDS rats by affecting the function of neutrophils.
Yapay Sinir Ağları Yöntemi ile Adıyaman Gölbaşı-Adıyaman Merkez Arasının Heyelan Duyarlılık Değerlendirmesi
Authors: TANRIVERDİ Berna , ORHAN Osman , TEKİN Senem 
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmada, Gölbaşı-Merkez (Adıyaman) arasında kalan yaklaşık 1200 km2’lik bölgede yapay sinir ağları yöntemi ile heyelan duyarlılık değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Çalışma alanında 177 heyelan bulunmakta olup, 79,85 km2’lik alana sahiptir. Duyarlılık değerlendirmesi için yükseklik, jeoloji, yamaç eğimi, pürüzlülük, topoğrafik nemlilik indeksi parametreleri heyelan hazırlayıcı faktörler olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışma alanından elde edilen veri seti rastgele seçim yöntemiyle %80’i analiz, %10’u test ve %10’u doğrulama verisi olmak üzere üçe ayrılmıştır. Elde edilen duyarlılık haritası çok düşük ile çok yüksek arasında 5 sınıfta değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen heyelan duyarlılık haritasına göre; çalışma alanının yaklaşık %30’u, mevcut heyelanların ise %78,4’ü yüksek ve çok yüksek duyarlı alanlarda yer almaktadır. Elde edilen heyelan duyarlılık haritasının doğruluğu alıcı işletim karakteristik eğrisi ve eğri altında kalan alan ile değerlendirilmiş olup 0,84 olarak hesaplanmıştır Bu değer kurulan modelin
doğruluğunun yüksek bir değere sahip olduğunu göstermektedir
Generation of Alternating Droplets with Different Viscosities in a Microfluidic Channel
Authors: SAQIB Muhammad , ERDEM Emine Yegan 
Published: October 2021

Controlled alternating droplet formation in a microfluidic system can lead to an on-chip droplet-based pattern generation. This enables tracking of different samples individually within the same device. For instance, two different liquids can be segmented in a sequenced, repetitive fashion. In this work, we first show pattern generation by using liquids with unequal viscosities. Droplets of water and glycerol solution are generated in an alternating, repetitive fashion by using a microfluidic system with tapered, double T-junction. We also introduce a microsystem that has a mixing unit that generates a controlled sequence of droplets formed by mixing two different liquids on-chip. We believe that this study can have
applications such as biological analysis, sorting, cell-based monitoring or on-chip chemical synthesis.
Descripción de biomecánica asociada a disyunción maxilar con anclaje esqueletal: Reporte de caso
Authors: Rojas Bustos Patricio , Córdova Salinas Pedro , Santos Naranjo Geraldine , Vergara Santoro Carolina 
Published: October 2021

Introducción: La discrepancia transversal corresponde a una anomalía común en ortodoncia, la cual debe ser corregida tempranamente. Actualmente para su tratamiento existen disyuntores con anclaje dentario, híbrido o esqueletal, los cuales limitarían los efectos adversos que han sido asociados a los disyuntores con anclaje dentario. Dada la falta de evidencia concreta con respecto a los efectos de la disyunción con anclaje esqueletal, es que este reporte de caso profundiza en su biomecánica, determinando cambios dentarios y esqueletales, medidos en imágenes de tomografía computarizada cone-beam (TCCB). Caso clínico: Paciente de sexo masculino, 13 años de edad, presenta una compresión maxilar de 6 mm. Su tratamiento consistió en un disyuntor tipo BAME (bone-anchored maxillary expander), dispositivo soportado por 4 microtornillos palatales. Se tomaron registros de TCCB, previo (T0) y posterior a la disyunción (T1). Se registraron mediciones transversales a nivel anterior y posterior, modificando el protocolo de medición propuesto por Rojas et al. (1). Se utilizaron puntos de referencias alveolares y dentarios, medidas angulares de inclinación de caninos y primeros molares, y se identificó el estadío de maduración de la sutura medio palatina (SMP), junto con la medición del diastema interincisivo. Discusión: El dispositivo tipo BAME generó un aumento en la dimensión transversal de tipo esqueletal evidenciado en los parámetros transverales alveolares y dentarios en una proporción similar, radiolucidez de la SMP, angulación molar invariable y disminución simétrica en la inclinación canina. Lo anterior demostró una disyunción maxilar paralela sin efectos biológicos adversos.