bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental Health and Wellbeing Impacts of Societal Attitudes Towards Forcibly Displaced Young People
Authors: Harding Natasha , McCormack Lynne , Fitzpatrick Sally 
Published: September 2021

Background: In less time than it takes to read this sentence, someone somewhere in the world will be forcibly displaced. With exponential increases in displacement likely to continue, research into the resettlement experiences and mental health of forcibly displaced people is essential. There is an abundance of research pertaining to the mental health and wellbeing of refugee populations and research that investigates societal attitudes towards refugees. However, there is a little research on the direct impacts of societal attitudes on the mental health and wellbeing of those from a refugee-like background, particularly young people.
Method: This scoping review seeks to systematically explore the academic and grey literature around both positive and negative societal attitudes in host countries, and the subsequent positive and negative impacts on young people from a refugee-like background. The search strategy consists of synonyms for the four basic constructs (youth, displaced people, mental health, attitudes). Six scholarly databases and grey literature will be searched. To be included in the Review, papers must study the affective component of attitudes in host countries, as well as reporting on the mental health impacts on young people from a refugee-like background. Findings will be thematically analysed using NVivo and presented in the full Scoping Review.
Future Directions: Study Protocol for an Effectiveness-Implementation Hybrid Evaluation of a State-based Social Housing Strategy and Three Social Housing Programs
Authors: Cameron Lisa Ann , Etuk Lena , Hateley-Browne Jessica , Kalb Guyonne , Parker Belinda , Rose Vanessa , Botha Ferdi , Contreras Suarez Diana , Herault Nicolas , Meekes Jordy , Moschion Julie , Scutella Rosanna , Tseng Yi-Ping , Creet Ella , Koop Danika 
Published: September 2021

Background: In the Australian state of New South Wales nearly 60,000 approved applicants are waiting for social housing. Future Directions for Social Housing is a response to this challenge. This collection of housing programs aims to provide more social housing, support and incentives for leaving social housing and a better social housing experience. This document presents the protocol of the evaluation of these programs and the overarching Future Directions Strategy.
Methods/Design: The evaluation will use a Type 1 effectiveness-implementation hybrid design, with an integrated, dual focus on assessing the effectiveness of Future Directions and better understanding the context for reform implementation. Program effectiveness will be examined using quasi-experimental techniques applied to linked administrative data. The implementation context will be examined via program level data, qualitative interviews and focus groups with stakeholders and tenants. Some quantitative survey and administrative data will also be used. Findings from the implementation evaluation will be used to inform and interpret the effectiveness evaluation. Economic evaluations will also be conducted.
Discussion: This methodology will produce a high-quality evaluation of a large, complex government program which aims to facilitate rapid translational gains, real-time adoption of effective implementation strategies and generate actionable insights for policymakers.
Defining and measuring microservice granularity—a literature overview
Authors: Vera-Rivera Fredy H. , Gaona Carlos , Astudillo Hernán 
Published: September 2021

Background
Microservices are an architectural approach of growing use, and the optimal granularity of a microservice directly affects the application’s quality attributes and usage of computational resources. Determining microservice granularity is an open research topic.

Methodology
We conducted a systematic literature review to analyze literature that addresses the definition of microservice granularity. We searched in IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library and Scopus. The research questions were: Which approaches have been proposed to define microservice granularity and determine the microservices’ size? Which metrics are used to evaluate microservice granularity? Which quality attributes are addressed when researching microservice granularity?

Results
We found 326 papers and selected 29 after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality attributes most often addressed are runtime properties (e.g., scalability and performance), not development properties (e.g., maintainability). Most proposed metrics were about the product, both static (coupling, cohesion, complexity, source code) and runtime (performance, and usage of computational resources), and a few were about the development team and process. The most used techniques for defining microservices granularity were machine learning (clustering), semantic similarity, genetic programming, and domain engineering. Most papers were concerned with migration from monoliths to microservices; and a few addressed green-field development, but none address improvement of granularity in existing microservice-based systems.

Conclusions
Methodologically speaking, microservice granularity research is at a Wild West stage: no standard definition, no clear development—operation trade-offs, and scarce conceptual reuse (e.g., few methods seem applicable or replicable in projects other than their initial proposal). These gaps in granularity research offer clear options to investigate on continuous improvement of the development and operation of microservice-based systems.
Shedding Light on Functional Hybrid Nanocomposites 19th Century Paint Medium
Authors: Pasco Hélène , de Viguerie Laurence , Faustini Marco , Coelho‐Diogo Cristina , Ersen Ovidiu , Gervais Christel , Gobeaux Frédéric , Ihiawakrim Dris , Jaber Maguy , Walter Philippe , Sanchez Clément 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBritish 19th century painters formulated gelled systems often described as ideal paint mediums. These so‐called megilps or gumtions are based on common paint materials like linseed oil, lead acetate, and mastic resin, and allowed painters such as J.M.W Turner to improve their paint's properties and achieve unprecedented effects in an age of innovation. To propose a structural scheme of these hybrid systems of unprecedented complexity, it is paramount to design and study model systems using a broad combination of advanced spectroscopic techniques and microscopies. Through this approach, gel Mediums can be described as nanocomposites based on lead metallogels co‐existing with lead oxide nanoparticles and a partially polymerized fraction. These functional hybrid materials created a real breakthrough on 19th century paints performances.
Programmable Manipulations of Terahertz Beams by Transmissive Digital Coding Metasurfaces Based on Liquid Crystals
Authors: Liu Chen Xi , Yang Fei , Fu Xiao Jian , Wu Jun Wei , Zhang Lei , Yang Jun , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDigital coding metasurfaces have attracted considerable interest, owing to their ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves and implement various functionalities with programmable controls. These metasurfaces offer high‐resolution and high‐speed responses; thus, they are implemented in high‐speed imaging, nondestructive sensing, and wireless communication. However, traditional active metasurfaces are typically based on semiconductor components, which are difficult to realize at terahertz frequencies. Additionally, non‐magnetic transmissive metasurfaces cannot realize a large phase‐tuning range without increasing the number of metasurface layers. Herein, a 1‐bit transmissive digital coding metasurface based on liquid crystals is proposed to achieve programmable terahertz beam manipulations with electric control. The Fano resonance that is excited in the asymmetrical metasurface element enables a larger phase variation while maintaining the transmittance. The proposed digital metasurface can effectively achieve many functionalities, such as dual beam steering, multiple beams, and orbital angular momentum beams, via altered coding patterns; an example of dual beam steering is experimentally verified. This study is expected to provide a promising method to manipulate transmissive terahertz beams using a digitally programmable metasurface, and it has potential applications in imaging, sensing, and wireless communications.
Directed Nickel‐Catalyzed pseudo‐Anomeric C−H Alkynylation of Glycals as an Approach towards C‐Glycoconjugate Synthesis
Authors: de Robichon Morgane , Branquet David , Uziel Jacques , Lubin‐Germain Nadège , Ferry Angélique 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe synthesis of complex C‐glycoconjugates is presented here using a key directed nickel‐catalyzed C−H alkynylation step. Thanks to a bidentate amidoquinoline‐type directing group, the insertion of diverse alkynyl moieties onto the pseudo‐anomeric position of glycal substrates was performed on ten examples in moderate to good yields. These platforms were used as starting substrates in a click reaction with complex azides to form original C‐glycoconjugates. By this route, a C‐glycosylated amino acid, a C‐linked disaccharide and a C‐glycosylated biotin derivative were synthesized. Preliminary conditions to remove the directing group are also proposed.magnified image
Structural Evolution and Transition Dynamics in Lithium Ion Battery under Fast Charging: An Operando Neutron Diffraction Investigation
Authors: Wu Xianyang , Song Bohang , Chien Po‐Hsiu , Everett S. Michelle , Zhao Kejie , Liu Jue , Du Zhijia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFast charging (<15 min) of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) for electrical vehicles (EVs) is widely seen as the key factor that will greatly stimulate the EV markets, and its realization is mainly hindered by the sluggish diffusion of Li+. To have a mechanistic understanding of Li+ diffusion within LIBs, in this study, structural evolutions of electrodes for a Ni‐rich LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622) || graphite cylindrical cell with high areal loading (2.78 mAh cm−2) are developed for operando neutron powder diffraction study at different charging rates. Via sequential Rietveld refinements, changes in structures of NMC622 and LixC6 are obtained during moderate and fast charging (from 0.27 C to 4.4 C). NMC622 exhibits the same structural evolution regardless of C‐rates. For phase transitions of LixC6, the stage I (LiC6) phase emerges earlier during the stepwise intercalation at a lower state of charge when charging rate is increased. It is also found that the stage II (LiC12) → stage I (LiC6) transition is the rate‐limiting step during fast charging. The LiC12 → LiC6 transition mechanism is further analyzed using the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov model. It is concluded as a diffusion‐controlled, 1D phase transition with decreasing nucleation kinetics under increasing chargingrates.
Gain in growth after surgical repair of congenital heart disease among children with Down syndrome
Authors: Saquib Nazmus , Al Sarraj Anas Naser , Oubaied Baraa Tarek Ziad , Rajab Ahmad Mamoun , Agha Bana Nasser , Hossain Jesmin , Almazrou Abdulrahman , Saquib Juliann 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDown syndrome (DS) is a common genetic disorder among Saudi children, for which limited data is available on growth for those who undergo surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD). We assessed the magnitude of growth over time following surgery and the factors associated with growth change. Eighty‐eight children with DS and CHD who underwent surgery between 2009 and 2017 at the tertiary children's hospital in Al‐Qassim, Saudi Arabia, were eligible. Information on gender, height, and weight (at surgery, 6 and 12 months), age at surgery, and type of CHD were abstracted from the medical records. Repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for data analysis. The sample's mean age (SD) was 16.2 months (20.1); 47% were male. Height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) increased significantly at both follow‐up points. There was a significant interaction between age at surgery, type of heart disease, and time for all three physical indices (p‐values <0.001). The increase in height, weight, and BMI was significantly greater for children ≤8 months old with acyanotic CHD compared to children >8 months with cyanotic CHD. Overall, the gain in growth was greater for the children with DS who had had surgery at a younger age.
A Direct Metal‐Free Synthetic Approach for the Efficient Production of Privileged Benzimidazoles in Water Medium under Aerobic Condition
Authors: Kanta Mahato Rajani , Kumar Mudi Prafullya , Deb Mayukh , Biswas Bhaskar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA metal‐free methodology for the synthesis of 1,2‐disubstituted and 2‐substituted benzimidazoles with high to excellent yields has been developed. The course of synthesis involves easy work‐up, straightforward purification, inexpensive reaction setup, and wide substrate scope under extremely mild and operationally simple conditions which makes the synthetic strategy more lucrative, practical and reliable. The serious challenge to carry out these reactions in a pure aqueous medium has been achieved at 75 °C in presence of air bubbles. The applicability of this operationally simple and metal‐free synthetic approach for the gram‐scale synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives with good yield (∼74%) further strengthens its potentiality for the synthesis at an industrial scale.
Universal child health and early education service use from birth through Kindergarten and developmental vulnerability in the Preparatory Year (age 5 years) in Tasmania, Australia
Authors: Taylor Catherine L. , Christensen Daniel , Jose Kim , Zubrick Stephen R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study investigated patterns of universal health and education service use from birth through Kindergarten (age 4 years) and estimated associations between cumulative risk and service use patterns, and between service use patterns and children's developmental vulnerability in the Preparatory Year (age 5 years). The study used population‐wide linkage of health and education administrative data records for 5168 children who had a 2018 AEDC instrument collected in Tasmania and were born in Tasmania (2011–2013). Latent class analysis (LCA) identified three service use patterns: Regular (72.2 per cent of children; reference group), Low (15.6 per cent of children) and High service use (12.2 per cent of children). The patterns of Regular, Low and High service use were consistent across health and education services used at different ages and stages of child development. Membership of the Low and High service use groups was associated with higher cumulative risk and increased odds of developmental vulnerability, relative to the Regular service use group. This population‐wide view of universal service use can be used by the health and education sectors to explore ways in which their specialist expertise, resources and referral processes can be further integrated within and across services to meet the developmental needs of children and families.
Solvent‐free oxidation of straight‐chain aliphatic primary alcohols by polymer‐grafted vanadium complexes
Authors: Kachhap Payal , Chaudhary Nikita , Haldar Chanchal 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOxidovanadium(IV) complexes [VO(tertacac)2] (1), [VO(dipd)2] (2), and [VO(phbd)2] (3) were synthesized by reacting [VO(acac)2] with 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐3,5‐hepatanedione, 1,3‐diphenyl‐1,3‐propanedione, and 1‐phenyl‐1,3‐butanedione, respectively. Imidazole‐modified Merrifield resin was used for the heterogenization of complexes 1–3. During the process of heterogenization, the V4+ center in complex 2 converts into V5+, whereas the other two complexes 1 and 3 remain in the oxidovanadium(IV) state in the polymer matrix. Theoretically, calculated IPA values of 1–3 suggest that 2 is prone to oxidation compared with 1 and 3, which was also supported by the absence of EPR lines in 5. Polymer‐supported complexes Ps‐Im‐[VIVO(tertacac)2] (4), Ps‐Im‐[VVO2(dipd)2] (5), and Ps‐Im‐[VIVO(phbd)2] (6) were applied for the solvent‐free heterogenous oxidation of a series of straight‐chain aliphatic alcohols in the presence of H2O2 at 60°C and showed excellent substrate conversion specially for the alcohols with fewer carbon atoms. Higher reaction temperature improves the substrate conversion significantly for the alcohols containing more carbon atoms such as 1‐pentanol, 1‐hexanol, and 1‐heptanol while using optimized reaction conditions. However, alcohols with fewer carbon atoms seem less affected by reaction temperatures higher than the optimized temperature. A decreasing trend in the selectivity(%) of carboxylic acid was observed with increasing carbon atoms among the examined alcohols, whereas the selectivity towards aldehydes increased. The order of efficiency of the supported catalysts is 4 > 6 > 5 in terms of turnover frequency (TOF) values and substrate conversion, further supported by theoretical calculations.
Synthesis and anticancer activity of Pt(0)‐olefin complexes bearing 1,3,5‐triaza‐7‐phosphaadamantane and N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands
Authors: Scattolin Thomas , Valente Giorgia , Luzietti Lara , Piva Michele , Demitri Nicola , Lampronti Ilaria , Gambari Roberto , Visentin Fabiano 
Published: September 2021

A series of Pt(0)‐η2‐olefin complexes bearing 1,3,5‐triaza‐7‐phosphaadamantane (PTA) or N‐heterocyclic carbenes are prepared following different synthetic strategies depending on the nature of coordinated alkene and spectator ligands. These new platinum(0) derivatives have been tested in vitro as anticancer agents toward three different tumor (human ovarian cancer A2780 and A2780cis and K562 myelogenous leukemia) and one non‐tumor (Hacat keratinocytes) cell lines, proving to be in several cases highly and selectively cytotoxic against ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, this antiproliferative effect is associated with the activation of an apoptosis process.In particular, complexes equipped with PTA as spectator ligand give comparable IC50 values on A2780 (cisplatin sensitive) and A2780cis (cisplatin resistant) cell lines, indirectly proving that these new Pt(0) substrates act with a mechanism of action conceivably different from cisplatin. This hypothesis is also confirmed by the fact that our compounds, in contrast to cisplatin, are not able to promote erythroid‐differentiation activity on the K562 myelogenous leukemia cell line.
Interactions between PAMAM−NH2 and 6‐Mercaptopurine: Qualitative and Quantitative NMR studies
Authors: Gao Xueke , Ma Minjun , Pedersen Christian Marcus , Liu Rui , Zhang Zhenzhou , Chang Honghong , Qiao Yan , Wang Yingxiong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDespite being used as an anti‐leukemic drug, the poor solubility of 6‐mercaptopurine (6‐MP) limits its use in topical and parenteral applications. Dendrimers are commonly used as drug carriers to improve their solubility in aqueous solution. In this work, the interactions between 6‐MP and the amine‐terminated poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (PAMAM−NH2) were investigated by various NMR technology. The chemical shift titrations disclosed that the 6‐MP interacted with the surface of PAMAM−NH2 mainly through electrostatics. The determination of diffusion coefficient and relaxation measurements further confirmed the presence of interactions in 6‐MP/PAMAM−NH2 complexes. In addition, the encapsulation of 6‐MP within the cavity of PAMAM−NH2 was revealed through nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy and Saturation Transfer Double Difference analysis. Finally, the binding strength (H‐8 is 100% and H‐2 is 70%) of 6‐MP to PAMAM−NH2 was quantitatively expressed using epitope maps. This study provides a systematic methodology for qualitative and quantitative studies of the interactions between dendrimers and drug molecules in general.
Theoretische Modelle zum Verbundtragverhalten von Holzschrauben für die Schraubengestaltung
Authors: Hölz Kevin , Ayoubi Mazen , Gwosch Thomas , Matthiesen Sven 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHolzschrauben sind wichtige Verbindungselemente für Holz‐Holz‐ oder Holz‐Stahl‐Bauteile und eignen sich zur Querdruckverstärkung. Bei diesen Verbindungen ist die maßgebende Eigenschaft die Tragfähigkeit, welche durch die Verbundwirkung zwischen Schraubengewinde und Holz bestimmt wird. Für die Gestaltung von Holzschrauben fehlen bislang geeignete Modelle, welche den Zusammenhang zwischen der Gewindegestalt und der Funktion Ausziehtragfähigkeit beschreiben. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist die Betrachtung der Modelle zum Verbundtragverhalten von Holzschrauben unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Schraubengestaltung. Als Ergebnis werden vier Anforderungen an Verbundtragmodelle für die Gestaltung aufgezeigt und eine Modellerweiterung vorgestellt. Die Erweiterung zur Spannungsverteilung bez. des Rotationswinkels zur Schraubenachse wird anhand von gefärbten Rissbildern experimentell untersucht. Die Nutzung der Modellerweiterung für die Gestaltung wird am Gewindeparameter Flankenwinkel aufgezeigt. Verbesserte Modelle zum Verbundtragverhalten können von Herstellern zur Optimierung der Schraubengeometrie genutzt werden sowie die Bestimmung eines wirtschaftlichen und gleichzeitig sicheren Bemessungsansatzes ermöglichen. Der Holzbau profitiert somit von höheren Tragfähigkeiten und einer höheren Zuverlässigkeit der Schraubenverbindung.
Biatrial volume ratio predicts low voltage areas in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Seewöster Timm , Dinov Borislav , Nedios Sotirios , Hindricks Gerhard , Sommer Philipp , Kornej Jelena 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundLeft atrial volume (LAV) and low voltage areas (LVAs) are acknowledged markers for worse rhythm outcome after ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). Some studies reported the importance of increased right atrial volume (RAV) as a predictor for arrhythmia recurrences in AF patients.ObjectiveTo investigate association between the LAV/RAV ratio and LVAs presence.MethodsPatients undergoing first AF ablation were included. LVAs were assessed peri‐procedurally using high‐density 3D maps and defined as <0.5 mV. All patients underwent pre‐procedural cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. LAV (biplane) and RAV (monoplane 4‐chamber) were assessed prior to ablation, and the LAV/RAV ratio was calculated.ResultsThe study population included 189 patients (age mean 63 ± 10 years, 33% women, 57% persistent AF, 22% LVAs). There were 149 (79%) patients with LAV > RAV. In univariable analysis LAV > RAV was associated with LVAs (OR 6.803, 95%CI 1.395–26.514, p = .016). The association remained robust in multivariable model after adjustment for persistent AF, CHA2DS2‐VASc score, and heart rate (OR 5.981, 95%CI 1.256–28.484, p = .025). Using receiver operator curve analysis, LAV > RAV (AUC 0.668, 95%CI 0.585–0.751, p = .001) was significant predictor for LVAs. In multivariable analysis, after adjustment for age, persistent AF, and renal function, RAV≥LAV was threefold higher in males (OR 3.040, 95%CI 1.050–8.802, p = .04).ConclusionsLAV > RAV is useful for the prediction of electro‐anatomical substrate in AF. LAV > RAV was associated with LVAs presence, while male sex remained associated with RAV≥LAV and less LVAs.