bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified SeDaSc system for efficient data sharing in the cloud
Authors: Areed Marwa F. , Rashed Mohamed M. , Fayez Nehal , Abdelhay Ehab H. 
Published: May 2021

SummaryOrganizations tend to store their sensitive data on trusted cloud data storage server to protect it from outside security attacks. However, storing data on the cloud has serious security issues like data misuse from the cloud vendors themselves and attacks from outsources. In this manner, the organizations tend to encrypt their data before storing it in the cloud to protect against the misuse from the cloud vendors and other outer attacks. This article offers an enhancement to Secure Data Sharing in the Cloud (SeDaSc) system in terms of enhancing security metrics related to data privacy and disk storage handling. In the proposed system, the cryptographic server (CS) has been treated a semi‐trusted entity by not giving direct access to the data directly. The data encryption is carried at the client side. While, the keys generation and other related cryptographic operations as the access control list (ACL) management are carried at the CS. The client generates the hash of the file needed to be shared in the cloud and then sends such hash to the CS. Then, the CS uses the hash to generate the cryptographic key and sends it to the client for encryption process. Further, the proposed system achieves better disk management by only updating the ACL in case of uploading the same file more than once. The CS stores generated key hash and whenever receives a new file, the CS compares the hash of the generated key with other stored hashes. The hash computation in key generation in the proposed system makes the key generation process varies with data size in compare with the key generation process in SeDaSc that is independent on data size. Furthermore, in the case of identical hashes, the ACL will only be updated. Therefore, the identical files neither will be encrypted nor uploaded to cloud twice. The proposed system has been represented mathematically and graphically using high level petri net model and simulated by python language environment.
Structural and Electronic Influences on Rates of Tertpyridine−Amine CoIII−H Formation During Catalytic H2 Evolution in an Aqueous Environment
Authors: DiMarco Brian N. , Polyansky Dmitry E. , Grills David C. , Wang Ping , Kuwahara Yutaka , Zhao Xuan , Fujita Etsuko 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this work, the differences in catalytic performance for a series of Co hydrogen evolution catalysts with different pentadentate polypyridyl ligands (L), have been rationalized by examining elementary steps of the catalytic cycle using a combination of electrochemical and transient pulse radiolysis (PR) studies in aqueous solution. Solvolysis of the [CoII−Cl]+ species results in the formation of [CoII(κ4‐L)(OH2)]2+. Further reduction produces [CoI(κ4‐L)(OH2)]+, which undergoes a rate‐limiting structural rearrangement to [CoI(κ5‐L)]+ before being protonated to form [CoIII−H]2+. The rate of [CoIII−H]2+ formation is similar for all complexes in the series. Using E1/2 values of various Co species and pKa values of [CoIII−H]2+ estimated from PR experiments, we found that while the protonation of [CoIII−H]2+ is unfavorable, [CoII−H]+ reacts with protons to produce H2. The catalytic activity for H2 evolution tracks the hydricity of the [CoII−H]+ intermediate.
Self‐fertility and resistance to the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) in a diploid Solanum chacoense recombinant inbred line population
Authors: Kaiser Natalie R. , Billings Grant , Coombs Joseph , Buell C. Robin , Enciso‐Rodríguez Felix , Douches David S. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA diploid potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) recombinant inbred line population was derived from a cross between Solanum chacoense inbred line M6 and S. chacoense accession USDA8380‐1 (80‐1) to identify loci associated with self‐compatibility and Colorado potato beetle resistance. Individuals from the F4 and F5 generations were genotyped on the Illumina Infinium V3 22K Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Array and a genetic map constructed. All F5 individuals contain at least one copy of the dominant S‐locus inhibitor (Sli) haplotype; however, not all F5 individuals set fruit. Pollen tubes reached the ovaries of both self‐fruitful and self‐unfruitful plants, indicating that the presence of the dominant Sli allele is not sufficient for selfed fruit and seed production. Loci on chromosomes 3, 5, 6, and 12 were identified as novel targets for self‐fertility improvement. Evaluation of fruit and seed set upon selfing in the F4 generation over two greenhouse seasons revealed environmental influence on self‐fertility. Loci exhibiting residual heterozygosity were found on all chromosomes except chromosomes 3 and 11 in F5 inbreds, but none of the measured self‐fertility traits were correlated with the level of heterozygosity based on SNP genotyping. Four SNPs on chromosome 2 between 22,151,711 and 22,381,719 bp were associated with foliar leptine glycoalkaloid synthesis and Colorado potato beetle resistance in the recombinant inbred line population. Robust inbred lines carrying Colorado potato beetle resistance were developed without field selection during the inbreeding process and beetle resistance was introgressed into diploid breeding lines.
Eating disorder symptomatology in transgender patients: Differences across gender identity and gender affirmation
Authors: Nowaskie Dustin Z. , Filipowicz Andrew T. , Choi Yena , Fogel Janine M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivePast studies have reported high rates of eating disorder (ED) symptomatology among transgender people, yet without consideration of gender affirmation. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between gender identity, gender affirming interventions such as gender affirming hormones (GAH) and gender affirming surgeries (GAS), and ED symptomatology.MethodTransgender patients at a primary care outpatient gender health program in the United States completed a survey consisting of demographics, medical history, and clinical variables, including the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q). Multivariate analyses of covariance were conducted to compare EDE‐Q scores across gender identity and gender affirmation.ResultsCompared to transgender men (n = 79), transgender women (n = 87) reported higher EDE‐Q scores and significantly higher Eating Concern. Compared to hormone/surgery‐naïve and hormone‐experienced/surgery‐naïve patients, hormone/surgery‐experienced patients had lower EDE‐Q scores. Hormone/surgery‐experienced patients reported significantly lower Shape Concern and marginally lower Global Score and Weight Concern than hormone‐experienced/surgery‐naïve patients. There were no differences in EDE‐Q scores between hormone/surgery‐naïve and hormone‐experienced/surgery‐naïve patients.DiscussionTransgender patients report high levels of ED symptomatology. There are subtle, yet important, differences in ED between gender identities and gender affirmations. High ED prevalence may result from the dual pathways of sociocultural pressures as well as gender dysphoria. Both GAH and GAS may be effective interventions to support gender affirmation and thereby alleviate ED symptomatology. While the potential positive benefits of GAS on ED are more apparent, the effects of GAH are less clear.
Shining a light on ideas worth researching in the field of eating disorders: Introduction to a Virtual Issue of the International Journal of Eating Disorders
Authors: Weissman Ruth Striegel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn celebration of the 2021 International Conference on Eating Disorders, this Virtual Issue showcases Spotlight articles published since 2019 in the International Journal of Eating Disorders. Spotlight articles identify gaps in the literature and propose novel “ideas worth researching” to improve understanding, etiology, epidemiology, impacts, and prevention or treatment of eating disorders. Nine such articles are presented and are grouped thematically into: exploring mechanisms underlying distinct eating disorder symptoms (severe food restriction; driven exercise; sleep disturbance); comparing cost‐effectiveness of two commonly employed treatment formats (intensive day treatment vs. outpatient treatment); harnessing technology to improve screening and treatment; and improving the reach and impact of eating disorders research. This sample of Spotlight articles illustrates the breadth and diversity of research interests in the field. We hope the Virtual Issue inspires conference delegates to generate yet further ideas worth researching so that, collectively, we make progress toward the goal of reducing the burden of suffering from eating disorders.
Volatilome of Aleppo Pine litter over decomposition process
Authors: Viros Justine , Santonja Mathieu , Temime‐Roussel Brice , Wortham Henri , Fernandez Catherine , Ormeño Elena 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBiogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOC) are largely accepted to contribute to both atmospheric chemistry and ecosystem functioning. While the forest canopy is recognized as a major source of BVOC, emissions from plant litter have scarcely been explored with just a couple of studies being focused on emission patterns over litter decomposition process. The aim of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively characterize BVOC emissions (C1–C15) from Pinus halepensis litter, one of the major Mediterranean conifer species, over a 15‐month litter decomposition experiment. Senescent needles of P. halepensis were collected and placed in 42 litterbags where they underwent in situ decomposition. Litterbags were collected every 3 months and litter BVOC emissions were studied in vitro using both online (PTR‐ToF‐MS) and offline analyses (GC‐MS). Results showed a large diversity of BVOC (58 compounds detected), with a strong variation over time. Maximum total BVOC emissions were observed after 3 months of decomposition with 9.18 µg gDM−1 hr−1 mainly composed by terpene emissions (e.g., α‐pinene, terpinolene, β‐caryophyllene). At this stage, methanol, acetone, and acetic acid were the most important nonterpenic volatiles representing, respectively, up to 26%, 10%, and 26% of total emissions. This study gives an overview of the evolution of BVOC emissions from litter along with decomposition process and will thus contribute to better understand the dynamics and sources of BVOC emission in Mediterranean pine forests.
A population‐adjusted indirect comparison of cardiovascular benefits of once‐weekly subcutaneous semaglutide and dulaglutide in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes, with or without established cardiovascular disease
Authors: Evans Lyndon Marc , Mellbin Linda , Johansen Pierre , Lawson Jack , Paine Abby , Sandberg Anna 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionCardiovascular (CV) effects of once‐weekly subcutaneous (s.c.) semaglutide 0.5 and 1 mg and dulaglutide 1.5 mg are reported in their respective placebo‐controlled cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs), SUSTAIN 6 and REWIND. There is no head‐to‐head CVOT comparing these treatments and heterogeneity between their CVOTs renders conventional indirect comparison inappropriate. Therefore, a matching‐adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) was performed to compare the effects of s.c. semaglutide and dulaglutide on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with and without established cardiovascular disease (CVD).MethodsIndividual patient data from SUSTAIN 6 were matched with aggregate data from REWIND, using a propensity score method to balance baseline effect‐modifying patient characteristics. Hazard ratios (HRs) for three‐point (3P) MACE (CV death, non‐fatal myocardial infarction, non‐fatal stroke), anchored via placebo, were then indirectly compared between balanced populations. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the main analysis.ResultsAfter matching, included effect modifiers were balanced. In the main analysis, s.c. semaglutide was associated with a statistically significant 35% reduction in 3P MACE versus placebo (HR, 0.65 [95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.48, 0.87]) and nonsignificantly greater reduction (26%) versus dulaglutide (HR, 0.74 [95% CI; 0.54, 1.01]). Results were supported by all sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated a statistically significant lower risk of 3P MACE for s.c. semaglutide versus placebo, in a population with lower prevalence of pre‐existing CVD than that in the pre‐specified primary analysis in SUSTAIN 6. Reduction in 3P MACE with s.c. semaglutide was greater than with dulaglutide, although not statistically significant.
Simultaneous Electrochemical Sensing of Ceftriaxone and Piroxicam Using Zeolite Modified Electrode for Medical Applications
Authors: Khosravi‐Hamoleh Amir , Abrishamkar Maryam , Cheraghizade Mohsen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe simultaneous sensing of Ceftriaxone (Cef) and Piroxicam (Pir) was presented in detail through the electrochemical method in which carbon paste electrode (CPE) was modified by meso‐structured Zeolite for medical application. The results indicated a polycrystalline Zeolite phase with a relatively high surface contact for charge transportation in the sensing process. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) plots also showed better charge transportation parameters for the modified electrode. The effect of analytes concentration, in both individual and simultaneous states, on the electrochemical sensor quality parameters was investigated by different methods and the obtained results were thoroughly discussed.
Development of a 3D‐printed single‐use separation chamber for use in mRNA‐based vaccine production with magnetic microparticles
Authors: Wommer Lars , Meiers Patrick , Kockler Isabelle , Ulber Roland , Kampeis Percy 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLaboratory protocols using magnetic beads have gained importance in the purification of mRNA for vaccines. Here, the produced mRNA hybridizes specifically to oligo(dT)‐functionalized magnetic beads after cell lysis. The mRNA‐loaded magnetic beads can be selectively separated using a magnet. Subsequently, impurities are removed by washing steps and the mRNA is eluted. Magnetic separation is utilized in each step, using different buffers such as the lysis/binding buffer. To reduce the time required for purification of larger amounts of mRNA vaccine for clinical trials, high‐gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) is suitable. Thereby, magnetic beads are selectively retained in a flow‐through separation chamber. To meet the requirements of biopharmaceutical production, a disposable HGMS separation chamber with a certified material (United States Pharmacopeia Class VI) was developed which can be manufactured using 3D printing. Due to the special design, the filter matrix itself is not in contact with the product. The separation chamber was tested with suspensions of oligo(dT)‐functionalized Dynabeads MyOne loaded with synthetic mRNA. At a concentration of cB = 1.6–2.1 g·L–1 in lysis/binding buffer, these 1 μm magnetic particles are retained to more than 99.39% at volumetric flows of up to 150 mL·min–1 with the developed SU‐HGMS separation chamber. When using the separation chamber with volumetric flow rates below 50 mL·min–1, the retained particle mass is even more than 99.99%.
An improved meshfree scheme based on radial basis functions for solving incompressible Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Xie Yulin , Zhao Xizeng , Rubinato Matteo , Yu Yuemin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper, an improved meshfree scheme based on radial basis functions (RBFs) is provided for solving the incompressible viscous Navier–Stokes equations and two enhancements are proposed to mitigate the typical numerical oscillations. The first one is the combination of the RBFs‐based finite difference (RBF‐FD) method with the semi‐Lagrangian RBFs (SLM‐RBF), with the former being used for the viscous diffusion term and pressure Poisson equation and the latter being used for the advection term. The second enhancement is a regularization term that constructs smooth constraints for RBFs interpolations instead of clipping operations. The capability of the proposed scheme in mitigating numerical fluctuations is demonstrated by validating it against the one‐dimensional (1‐D) advection problem and the advection–diffusion problem with step field functions. The overall performance of the proposed scheme is also validated by the lid‐driven cavity flow and laminar flow around a circular cylinder, showing good agreement with the existing results, indicating that the proposed scheme has good stability in both temporal and spatial domains.
Elevated fibroblast growth factor‐inducible 14 expression transforms proneural‐like gliomas into more aggressive and lethal brain cancer
Authors: Connolly Nina P. , Galisteo Rebeca , Xu Su , Bar Eli E. , Peng Sen , Tran Nhan L. , Ames Heather M. , Kim Anthony J. , Woodworth Graeme F. , Winkles Jeffrey A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHigh‐grade gliomas (HGGs) are aggressive, treatment‐resistant, and often fatal human brain cancers. The TNF‐like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK)/fibroblast growth factor‐inducible 14 (Fn14) signaling axis is involved in tissue repair after injury and constitutive signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous solid cancers. The Fn14 gene is expressed at low levels in the normal, uninjured brain but is highly expressed in primary isocitrate dehydrogenase wild‐type and recurrent HGGs. Fn14 signaling is implicated in numerous aspects of glioma biology including brain invasion and chemotherapy resistance, but whether Fn14 overexpression can directly promote tumor malignancy has not been reported. Here, we used the replication‐competent avian sarcoma‐leukosis virus/tumor virus A system to examine the impact of Fn14 expression on glioma development and pathobiology. We found that the sole addition of Fn14 to an established oncogenic cocktail previously shown to generate proneural‐like gliomas led to the development of highly invasive and lethal brain cancer with striking biological features including extensive pseudopalisading necrosis, constitutive canonical and noncanonical NF‐κB pathway signaling, and high plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) expression. Analyses of HGG patient datasets revealed that high human PAI‐1 gene (SERPINE1) expression correlates with shorter patient survival, and that the SERPINE1 and Fn14 (TNFRSF12A) genes are frequently co‐expressed in bulk tumor tissues, in tumor subregions, and in malignant cells residing in the tumor microenvironment. These findings provide new insights into the potential importance of Fn14 in human HGG pathobiology and designate both the NF‐κB signaling node and PAI‐1 as potential targets for therapeutic intervention.Main PointsThis work demonstrates that elevated levels of the TWEAK receptor Fn14 in tumor‐initiating, neural progenitor cells leads to the transformation of proneural‐like gliomas into more aggressive and lethal tumors that exhibit constitutive NF‐κB pathway activation and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 overexpression.
BACON: A tool for reverse inference in brain activation and alteration
Authors: Costa Tommaso , Manuello Jordi , Ferraro Mario , Liloia Donato , Nani Andrea , Fox Peter T. , Lancaster Jack , Cauda Franco 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOver the past decades, powerful MRI‐based methods have been developed, which yield both voxel‐based maps of the brain activity and anatomical variation related to different conditions. With regard to functional or structural MRI data, forward inferences try to determine which areas are involved given a mental function or a brain disorder. A major drawback of forward inference is its lack of specificity, as it suggests the involvement of brain areas that are not specific for the process/condition under investigation. Therefore, a different approach is needed to determine to what extent a given pattern of cerebral activation or alteration is specifically associated with a mental function or brain pathology. In this study, we present a new tool called BACON (Bayes fACtor mOdeliNg) for performing reverse inference both with functional and structural neuroimaging data. BACON implements the Bayes' factor and uses the activation likelihood estimation derived‐maps to obtain posterior probability distributions on the evidence of specificity with regard to a particular mental function or brain pathology.
Coronary artery disease and its impact on the pulsatile brain: A functional NIRS study
Authors: Mohammadi Hanieh , Vincent Thomas , Peng Ke , Nigam Anil , Gayda Mathieu , Fraser Sarah , Joanette Yves , Lesage Frédéric , Bherer Louis 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRecent studies have reported that optical indices of cerebral pulsatility are associated with cerebrovascular health in older adults. Such indices, including cerebral pulse amplitude and the pulse relaxation function (PRF), have been previously applied to quantify global and regional cerebral pulsatility. The aim of the present study was to determine whether these indices are modulated by cardiovascular status and whether they differ between individuals with low or high cardiovascular risk factors (LCVRF and HCVRF) and coronary artery disease (CAD). A total of 60 older adults aged 57–79 were enrolled in the study. Participants were grouped as LCVRF, HCVRF, and CAD. Participants were asked to walk freely on a gym track while a near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device recorded hemodynamics data. Low‐intensity, short‐duration walking was used to test whether a brief cardiovascular challenge could increase the difference of pulsatility indices with respect to cardiovascular status. Results indicated that CAD individuals have higher global cerebral pulse amplitude compared with the other groups. Walking reduced global cerebral pulse amplitude and PRF in all groups but did not increase the difference across the groups. Instead, walking extended the spatial distribution of cerebral pulse amplitude to the anterior prefrontal cortex when CAD was compared to the CVRF groups. Further research is needed to determine whether cerebral pulse amplitude extracted from data acquired with NIRS, which is a noninvasive, inexpensive method, can provide an index to characterize the cerebrovascular status associated with CAD.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation alters multivoxel patterns in the absence of overall activity changes
Authors: Rafiei Farshad , Safrin Martin , Wokke Martijn E. , Lau Hakwan , Rahnev Dobromir 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has become one of the major tools for establishing the causal role of specific brain regions in perceptual, motor, and cognitive processes. Nevertheless, a persistent limitation of the technique is the lack of clarity regarding its precise effects on neural activity. Here, we examined the effects of TMS intensity and frequency on concurrently recorded blood‐oxygen‐level‐dependent (BOLD) signals at the site of stimulation. In two experiments, we delivered TMS to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in human subjects of both sexes. In Experiment 1, we delivered a series of pulses at high (100% of motor threshold) or low (50% of motor threshold) intensity, whereas, in Experiment 2, we always used high intensity but delivered stimulation at four different frequencies (5, 8.33, 12.5, and 25 Hz). We found that the TMS intensity and frequency could be reliably decoded using multivariate analysis techniques even though TMS had no effect on the overall BOLD activity at the site of stimulation in either experiment. These results provide important insight into the mechanisms through which TMS influences neural activity.