bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Historias de aprendizaje y formación de ocho directores/as de escuela. Una aproximación a la formación del liderazgo educativo en Chile
Authors: Rodriguez Simón , Cárdenas Cristian , Campos Fabian 
Published: June 2021

Cet article s’attache aux parcours de formation de huit directeurs présentant de bonnes performances sur leur poste au Chili. Dans cette étude, le procédé technique des « Histoires de vie » a été utilisé. Ainsi ont été reconstitués différents cheminements personnels ainsi que la place et le rôle des instances de formation. Dans chaque cas, quatre étapes ont ainsi été explorées : l'enseignement secondaire, l’enseignement supérieur, le pré-exercice d'entraîne-ment en tant que directeur et la formation continue dans l'exercice de la direction. Les résultats montrent quatre grands types fondamentaux d'apprentissage : la communication et l’importance des relations interpersonnelles positives ; le rôle donné aux enseignants ; celui de l'enseignement et de l'apprentissage ; et enfin celui de l'administration et de la gestion. Dans tous les cas, il apparaît que les situations d’apprentissage informel sont jugées les plus importantes. Les discussions et le rôle-exercice de coordination et de mise en œuvre de projets concrets apparaissent aussi comme de puissants leviers. Cette étude s’attache à mettre l’accent sur des apprentissages clés pour les gestionnaires en poste et peut contribuer à développer des programmes de formation efficaces et significatifs.
L’instituteur du Code Soleil : la vocation d’un prophète missionnaire
Authors: Pachod André 
Published: June 2021

Plus célèbre que le Dictionnaire de Ferdinand Buisson, le Code Soleil a constitué une référence incontournable de la formation initiale et de la vie quotidienne des instituteurs de 1923 à 1979. Ce Code énonce un ensemble de conseils et de devoirs pour exercer son métier ; il propose également une identité de l’instituteur dans un projet d’école laïque et républicaine, et d’éducation nationale et populaire. L’instituteur, défini comme un éducateur, répond à une vocation initiale et continue qui s’articule autour de trois paradigmes fondamentaux : l’appel, la mission, l’état de vie. Par sa parole, sa vie et son œuvre, il devient le prophète missionnaire de l’École de la République à aimer et faire aimer. Homme de l’Harmonie et de la concorde, de l’Horizon et des mille ménagements, ce guide intellectuel, social, et moral sera cependant protégé du « choc des opinions » et des grands changements de la société et de l’école. Son identité vocationnelle ne résistera pas à des évolutions ; elle ne sera plus mentionnée dans le Code Soleil à partir des années 1980.
Activité de l’enseignant et dynamique coopérative au sein de dyades d’élèves. Une étude de cas dans des tâches d’escalade en Education Physique
Authors: Evin Agathe , Sève Carole , Saury Jacques 
Published: June 2021

Cette étude vise à analyser la façon dont les interventions de l’enseignant sont susceptibles d’influencer la coopération entre les élèves au sein de dyades au cours d’un cycle d’escalade. Il s’agit plus précisément d’identifier et de caractériser les formes d’activité de l’enseignant qui sont significatives pour l’un et/ou l’autre des deux élèves de la dyade, et les effets de l’activité de l’enseignant sur l’activité coopérative des élèves de la dyade. L’étude a été conduite en référence au cadre théorique et méthodologique du « cours d’action » (Theureau, 2006). Les résultats mettent en évidence cinq formes d’activité de l’enseignant significatives pour les élèves et deux sortes d’effets de l’activité de l’enseignant sur la coopération : des effets « positifs », de facilitation de la coopération entre les élèves grâce au développement de la confiance qu’ils ont dans les compétences et la fiabilité de l’activité de leur partenaire, et des effets « négatifs », nuisibles à la coopération. Ces effets sont interprétés en relation avec deux processus d’influence qualifiés respectivement de « processus de validation » et de « processus d’invalidation » des actions des élèves par l’enseignant.
Towards a "better normal": educational experiences in Design in Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Spitz Rejane , Díaz Jose Rafael González , Calleja Sebero Ugarte , Meythaler Amparo Álvarez , Abril Xavier Barriga , Idiáquez Julio Membreño 
Published: June 2021

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has demanded the adoption of extraordinary measures of quarantine and social distancing, impacting educational institutions worldwide. Schools and campuses – which used to be spaces for social exchange – had to cease face-to-face instruction and shift to remote learning with no prior planning or training, which posed several challenges to education systems around the globe. In Latin America – responsible, today, for over half of the planet’s daily COVID-19-related deaths - this scenario is even more dramatic. The diverse socioeconomic levels of the student population is a major challenge for online teaching, as institutions cannot provide computer training, equipment and connectivity to all those in need. In spite of all challenges, universities which are part of AUSJAL (Association of Universities Entrusted to the Society of Jesus in Latin America) are making every effort to offer online classes during this pandemic, since education plays a pivotal role in these countries. This paper presents a selection of Design educational experiences conducted in AUSJAL universities during this pandemic. Design educators from Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Nicaragua present educational methods and strategies for dealing with this critical situation. In conclusion, we discuss how their innovative and engaging teaching ideas are paving the way towards not simply a new, but a “better normal” in Latin America.
HETEROTOPIA WORK. Correlation between the domestic built environment and home offices during COVID-19 confinement
Authors: Araya Leon Maria Jose , Abella Ainoa , Guasch Ricardo , Estévez Alberto T. , Peña Javier 
Published: June 2021

The new COVID-19 context has transported work to a domestic setting. These new locations, heterotopic, do not always adequately respond to user needs.This paper explores the relationship between the domestic built environment and certain elements that shape it, the perception, emotional state and productivity of the users.A pilot case study was carried out with 11 volunteers who evaluated their home offices for seven work days using physical environment tools, two tests -fixed data and daily evaluation-. Also, environmental parameters of the territory were monitored.Among the main findings, we observed that the perception of size does not relate to actual size; a balcony is associated with happiness and calm. We have verified how biophilic elements promote well-being. Happiness and calm are related to hight and low levels of lux. There is a tendency of happiness associated with collaborative tasks, and calm with individual ones. This article opens up a path for exploratory research on resilient situations in which physical barriers force people to seek creative solutions and offers tools to empower users. Current trends in data-driven design and teleworking support research proposals like this one, with a focus on well-being, productivity.
The IRE1α Stress Signaling Axis Is a Key Regulator of Neutrophil Antimicrobial Effector Function
Authors: Abuaita Basel H , Sule Gautam J , Schultz Tracey L , Gao Fushan , Knight Jason S , O’Riordan Mary X 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor, IRE1α, is required for effective immune responses against bacterial infection and is associated with human inflammatory diseases in which neutrophils are a key immune component. However, the specific role of IRE1α in regulating neutrophil effector function has not been studied. In this study, we show that infection-induced IRE1α activation licenses neutrophil antimicrobial capacity, including IL-1β production, formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) killing. Inhibition of IRE1α diminished production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and decreased CASPASE-2 activation, which both contributed to neutrophil antimicrobial activity. Mice deficient in CASPASE-2 or neutrophil IRE1α were highly susceptible to MRSA infection and failed to effectively form NETs in the s.c. abscess. IRE1α activation enhanced calcium influx and citrullination of histone H3 independently of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, suggesting that IRE1α coordinates multiple pathways required for NET formation. Our data demonstrate that the IRE1α–CASPASE-2 axis is a major driver of neutrophil activity against MRSA infection and highlight the importance of IRE1α in neutrophil antibacterial function.
Pre-existing Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Increases Expression of T Cell Markers Associated with Activation during Early Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection and Impairs TNF Responses in Granulomas
Authors: Larson Erica C , Ellis-Connell Amy , Rodgers Mark A , Balgeman Alexis J , Moriarty Ryan V , Ameel Cassaundra L , Baranowski Tonilynn M , Tomko Jaime A , Causgrove Chelsea M , Maiello Pauline , O’Connor Shelby L , Scanga Charles A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious cause of death among people living with HIV. People living with HIV are more susceptible to contracting Mycobacterium tuberculosis and often have worsened TB disease. Understanding the immunologic defects caused by HIV and the consequences it has on M. tuberculosis coinfection is critical in combating this global health epidemic. We previously showed in a model of SIV and M. tuberculosis coinfection in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques (MCM) that SIV/M. tuberculosis–coinfected MCM had rapidly progressive TB. We hypothesized that pre-existing SIV infection impairs early T cell responses to M. tuberculosis infection. We infected MCM with SIVmac239, followed by coinfection with M. tuberculosis Erdman 6 mo later. Although similar, TB progression was observed in both SIV+ and SIV-naive animals at 6 wk post–M. tuberculosis infection; longitudinal sampling of the blood (PBMC) and airways (bronchoalveolar lavage) revealed a significant reduction in circulating CD4+ T cells and an influx of CD8+ T cells in airways of SIV+ animals. At sites of M. tuberculosis infection (i.e., granulomas), SIV/M. tuberculosis–coinfected animals had a higher proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing PD-1 and TIGIT. In addition, there were fewer TNF-producing CD4+ T cells in granulomas of SIV/M. tuberculosis–coinfected animals. Taken together, we show that concurrent SIV infection alters T cell phenotypes in granulomas during the early stages of TB disease. As it is critical to establish control of M. tuberculosis replication soon postinfection, these phenotypic changes may distinguish the immune dysfunction that arises from pre-existing SIV infection, which promotes TB progression.
Strategies to ensure efficient laboratory functioning while navigating through the COVID-19 crisis in developing countries
Authors: Somal Puneet Kaur , Sancheti Sankalp , Sali Akash Pramod , Bansal Saloni , Kalra Supreet Kaur , Thakur Anantika , Gupta Neha , Kapoor Rakesh 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) is a zoonotic viral infection that originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. It was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization shortly thereafter. This pandemic is going to have a lasting impact on the functioning of pathology laboratories due to the frequent handling of potentially infectious samples by the laboratory personnel. To deal with this unprecedented situation, various national and international guidelines have been put forward outlining the precautions to be taken during sample processing from a potentially infectious patient.

Purpose:
Most of these guidelines are centered around laboratories that are a part of designated COVID 19 hospitals. However, proper protocols need to be in place in all laboratories, irrespective of whether they are a part of COVID 19 hospital or not as this would greatly reduce the risk of exposure of laboratory/hospital personnel. As part of a laboratory associated with a rural cancer hospital which is not a dedicated COVID 19 hospital, we aim to present our institute's experience in handling pathology specimens during the COVID 19 era.

Conclusion:
We hope this will address the concerns of small to medium sized laboratories and help them build an effective strategy required for protecting the laboratory personnel from risk of exposure and also ensure smooth and optimum functioning of the laboratory services.
Use of a novel quantitative tool for evaluation of pseudo-acanthosis nigricans
Authors: Zaki Naglaa S. , Hilal Rana F. 
Published: June 2021

Background
Pseudo-acanthosis nigricans (pseudo-AN) is a common clinical scenario, which can be challenging to treat. Evaluating the efficacy of different therapeutic conditions requires a clinical outcome measure.

Objective
To compare the novel score acanthosis nigricans area and severity index (ANASI) with a conventional severity scale.

Patients and methods
A total of 20 patients with neck pseudo-AN were enrolled in the study. Each side of the neck was randomly subjected to receiving biweekly three sessions of either glycolic acid peel 70% or saline (serving as a control). Evaluation was done at baseline and 1 week after the last session by ANASI score versus a simple categorical 0–4 severity scale. For evaluating interrater and intrarater reliability and validity, six raters were asked to evaluate each side of the neck before and after treatment by both the ANASI and severity scale.

Results
Glycolic acid caused a 43% and a 13% improvement according to the ANASI scoring system and the severity scale, respectively, with a highly statistical significance between both. ANASI score showed good reliability across and between raters and was considered valid when compared with the severity scale.

Conclusion
ANASI is an easy-to-apply and reproducible scoring system that lessens the bias in subjective evaluation; thus, it offers accurate quantification of pseudo-AN. ANASI score is a reliable and valid measure for AN skin lesions.
Psicomotricidade na Educação
Authors: Rodrigues Karin Débora 
Published: June 2021

Quando se fala em crianças, observa-se a importância do brincar para o desenvolvimento corporal. Pelas atividades escolares se é capaz de melhorar a aptidão física das crianças e seu desenvolvimento psicomotor por meio de estímulos como jogos lúdicos e brincadeiras, estimulando a motricidade e o desenvolvimento cognitivo da criança. Diante disso, este estudo possui como objetivo geral analisar a psicomotricidade aplicada à educação. Para tanto utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica baseada na literatura atinente a temática objeto de estudo. É importante que a psicomotricidade seja aplicada desde a educação infantil, momento de novas aprendizagens e descobertas que serão levadas por toda a vida. Neste contexto de ensino-aprendizagem o professor exerce importante papel no auxílio do desenvolvimento da criança. A psicomotricidade quando trabalhada de forma correta é capaz de contribuir de forma significativa na vida escolar da criança, sendo capaz de minimizar dificuldades e proporcionando aprendizagem a criança.
Het onzichtbare Olympia
Authors: Stissi Vladimir 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Although ancient Olympia is usually viewed as a Classical Greek site, most buildings that are visible nowadays were not there yet when Pindar celebrated famous victors or Peisistratos and Alcibiades won their races. More generally, even though new research has substantially improved our knowledge, the early history of the site is often still neglected in introductory presentations of the site. In this article some important main issues are discussed. First, new excavations have revealed that Bronze Age occupation of the area cannot be connected to the later cult, as some scholars have argued in the past. The older remains were covered by flooding of the nearby rivers when the sanctuary was founded in the 11th century BCE. Up to the late 7th century the sanctuary remained an open area around a large ash altar. Its main structure was a large dam protecting it from floods. The temple now associated with Hera, built around 600 BCE, was the first monumental building of the sanctuary. Recent research suggests this may originally have been dedicated to Zeus, but this cannot be proven conclusively. The common idea that this temple was originally a wooden construction has now also been debunked.
Olympia en de Olympische Spelen in de Romeinse tijd
Authors: van Nijf Onno 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMost studies of the ancient Olympic Games focus on the Classical period. This is a bit surprising, as it has been established that the Hellenistic and Roman periods constituted the hey-days of Greek sport. In the Hellenistic period, a shared sports and festival culture was one of the main ingredients of an imagined community of Greek cities stretching from southern Italy as far as the Tigris, and beyond. In the Roman Imperial period, sport flourished even more. With Roman support an integrated festival network arose with an empire-wide pull but gravitating in the Eastern provinces. Olympia was the active centre of this system. In this overview, I shall first discuss the athletes who gathered in Olympia, and then the reputation and attractiveness of the Games. I shall conclude with a discussion of some material aspects of the sanctuary.
MANAJEMEN STRATEGIS KEMENTERIAN AGAMA KABUPATEN SERANG DALAM PENGEMBANGAN MADRASAH
Authors: Anis Fauzi  
Published: June 2021

Madrasah sebagai lembaga pendidikan Islam yang dikelola oleh Kementerian Agama selama ini masih dipandang rendah kualitasnya bagi sebagian masyarakat. Madrasah sebagai salah satu lembaga pendidikan Islam idealnya harus berhasil mengembangkan aspek kehidupan manusia, yaitu aspek spiritual, akhlak, intelektual dan keterampilan atau propesionalitasnya. Masalah pokok dalam penelitian ini adalah Bagaimana formulasi manajemen strategis Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Serang dalam pengembangan madrasah, Bagaimana implementasi manajemen strategis Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Serang dalam pengembangan madrasah, dan Bagaimana evaluasi manajemen strategis Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Serang dalam pengembangan madrasah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriftif melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, dalam upaya mendeskripsikan manajemen strategis dalam pengembangan madrasah di Kantor Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Serang, dengan nara sumber dari unsur pejabat dan staf. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen strategis dalam pengembangan madrasah di Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Serang secara umum telah dilaksanakan dengan baik dan tahapan-tahapan yang dilakukan sesuai dengan aturan dan regulasi baik mulai tahapan formulasi (yang mencakup perumusan visi misi, analisis lingkungan internal dan eksternal, pemilihan strategi, kunci keberhasilan dan penetapan sasaran tujuan dan stategi), tahapan implementasi (yang mencakup sistem rencana program dan kegiatan, penganggaran, sistem pelaksanaan, pemantauan, dan pengawasan,) serta tahapan evaluasi (yang mencakup pengukuran dan evaluasi kinerja, dan pelaporan dan pertanggungjawaban).
Análise trigonométrica aplicada à identificação de padrões dinâmicos em dados temporais de game neuropsicopedagógico
Authors: KIENITZ LEMOS MYRIAM , Barros Marcelo Miranda , Fróes Maira Monteiro , Kurt Kienitz Wolfgang 
Published: June 2021

Padrões dinâmicos são esperados em sistemas de comportamento não linear. Sua caracterização matemática, no entanto, é frequentemente um desafio. Ações realizadas por jogadores em cliques pelo mouse no Jogo dos Elásticos refletem alterações de comportamento cognitivo. Nós desenvolvemos um método analítico, cujo parâmetro, o ângulo de deflexão, é definido a partir de diferenças angulares geradas por tratamento trigonométrico do tempo entre ações, assumido como uma variável dependente em nosso modelo. O tratamento estatístico sugere três grupos aparentemente distintos. Também detectável um comportamento oscilatório da variável tempo, sugerindo um sistema tendente ao equilíbrio, dinâmico.
Comparative characterization of the performance of bio-aerosol nebulizers in connection with atmospheric simulation chambers
Authors: Danelli Silvia G. , Brunoldi Marco , Massabò Dario , Parodi Franco , Vernocchi Virginia , Prati Paolo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The interplay of bio-aerosol dispersion and impact,
meteorology, and air quality is gaining increasing interest in the wide spectrum
of atmospheric sciences. Experiments conducted inside confined artificial
environments, such as atmospheric simulation chambers (ASCs), where
atmospheric conditions and composition are controlled, can provide valuable
information on bio-aerosol viability, dispersion, and impact. We focus here
on the reproducible aerosolization and injection of viable microorganisms
into an ASC, the first and crucial step of any experimental protocol to
expose bio-aerosols to different atmospheric conditions. We compare the
performance of three nebulizers specifically designed for bio-aerosol
applications: the Collison nebulizer, the Blaustein Atomizing Modules (BLAM), and the Sparging Liquid Aerosol Generator (SLAG), all manufactured and commercialized by CH TECHNOLOGIES. The comparison refers to operating
conditions and the concentration of viable bacteria at the nebulizer outlet,
with the final goal being to measure the reproducibility of the nebulization
procedures and assess their application in experiments inside ASCs. A typical
bacterial test model, Escherichia coli (ATCC® 25922™), was
selected for such characterization. Bacteria suspensions with a
concentration around 108 CFU mL−1 were first aerosolized at
different air pressures and collected by a liquid impinger to obtain a
correlation curve between airflow and nebulized bacteria for each
generator. Afterwards, bacteria were aerosolized inside the atmospheric
simulation chamber ChAMBRe (Chamber for Aerosol Modelling and Bio-aerosol
Research) to measure the reproducibility of the whole procedure. An overall
reproducibility of 11 % (i.e., standard deviation of the results obtained with the three nebulizers) was obtained with each nebulizer through a set of
baseline experiments.