bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First validation of GOME-2/MetOp absorbing aerosol height using EARLINET lidar observations
Authors: Michailidis Konstantinos , Koukouli Maria-Elissavet , Siomos Nikolaos , Balis Dimitris , Tuinder Olaf , Tilstra L. Gijsbert , Mona Lucia , Pappalardo Gelsomina , Bortoli Daniele 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of the
Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) instruments, aboard the
Meteorological Operational (MetOp)-A, MetOp-B and MetOp-C satellite programme platforms, to
deliver accurate geometrical features of lofted aerosol layers. For this
purpose, we use archived ground-based lidar data from stations available
from the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) database. The
data are post-processed using the wavelet covariance transform (WCT) method
in order to extract geometrical features such as the planetary boundary
layer (PBL) height and the cloud boundaries. To obtain a significant number
of collocated and coincident GOME-2 – EARLINET cases for the period between
January 2007 and September 2019, 13 lidar stations, distributed over
different European latitudes, contributed to this validation. For the 172
carefully screened collocations, the mean bias was found to be −0.18 ± 1.68 km,
with a near-Gaussian distribution. On a station basis, and with a
couple of exceptions where very few collocations were found, their mean
biases fall in the ± 1 km range with an associated standard deviation
between 0.5 and 1.5 km. Considering the differences, mainly due to the
temporal collocation and the difference, between the satellite pixel size
and the point view of the ground-based observations, these results can be
quite promising and demonstrate that stable and extended aerosol layers as
captured by the satellite sensors are verified by the ground-based data. We
further present an in-depth analysis of a strong and long-lasting Saharan
dust intrusion over the Iberian Peninsula. We show that, for this
well-developed and spatially well-spread aerosol layer, most GOME-2
retrievals fall within 1 km of the exact temporally collocated lidar
observation for the entire range of 0 to 150 km radii. This finding further
testifies for the capabilities of the MetOp-borne instruments to sense the
atmospheric aerosol layer heights.
Hubungan Asupan Makanan dan Obesitas dengan Kejadian Arthritis Reumatoid pada Lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Inakaka
Authors: Rehena Zasendy 
Published: March 2021

Meningkatnya populasi lanjut usia ini menyebabkan perlunya antisipasi meningkatnya jumlah pasien lanjut usia yang memerlukan bantuan untuk mengatasi masalah kesehatan pada lansia terutama masalah arthritis reumatoid. Artritis reumatoid merupakan penyakit autoimun yang ditandai oleh inflamasi kronik dan progresif dengan sendi merupakan sasaran utama. berdasarkan informasi dari petugas kesehatan dipanti Sosial Tresna Werdha Inakaka Ambon penyakit arthritis reumatoid atau rematik masuk dalam 3 besar penyakit yang paling sering di alami oleh lansia. Tujuan; penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan makanan dan obesitas dengan penyakit Arthritis Reumatoid Di Panti Sosial Tersna Werdha Inakaka Ambon. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dengan metode total sampling. data dianalisis dengan mengunakan Uji chi square test. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada hubungan Asupan makanan dengan arthritis reumatoid, nilai ρ=0,000 dan ada hubungan antara obesitas dengan arthritis reumatoid, nilai ρ=0,003, dan. Kesimpulan bahwa asupan makanan dan obesitas berhubungan dengan arthritis reumatoid. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam upaya meningkatkan mutu pelayanan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan kesehatan lansia dipanti sosial tresna werdha inakaka ambon.
Respons Pemberian Pupuk NPK Phonska pada Berbagai Jarak Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Kacang Tanah (Arichis hypogaea L.) di Desa Wali dengan Program SPSS
Authors: Ningkeula Edy Said 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini berlangsung dengan menggunakan teknik Penelitian praktikum menggunakan lahan di Dusun Wamsoba Desa Wali Kecamatan Namrole Kabupaten Buru Selatan. Tujuan Proposal Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman Kacang tanah (Arichis hypogaea L.), akibat pemberian pupuk NPK Phonska dan berbagai jarak tanam di Dusun Wamsoba Desa Wali Kecamatan Namrole. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dengan menggunakan pupuk Phonska dan Jarak Tanam. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan diadakan perhitungan untuk mencari analisis ragam sesuai dengan rancangan yang dilakukan, di analisis dengan Program SPSS, dan dilanjutkan dengan mencari Uji Turkey pada tingkat 5% dan 1%. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan pada penelitian ini, maka dapat disimpulkan beberapa hal penting yaitu, ada interaksi antara perlakuan jarak tanam dan pemberian dosis pupuk NPK Phonska pada vase vegetatif maupun generatif, artinya jarak tanam berpengaruh terhadap peran pemupukan.
Pengaruh Ambiguitas Peran, Konflik Peran dan Moral Reasonig Terhadap Kualitas Pemeriksaan Pajak
Authors: Amrullah Amrullah , Mursalim Mursalim , Junaid Asriani 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengkaji Ambiguitas Peran, Konflik Peran Dan Moral Reasoning terhadap kualitas pemeriksaan pajak pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Makassar Barat. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode Survey dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 responden (Pemeriksa Pajak) dan alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Regresi Linier Berganda. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ambiguitas Peran dan Konflik Peran tidak berpengaruh terhadap kualitas pemeriksaan pajak, sedangkan Moral reasoning berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas pemeriksaan pajak pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Makassar Barat.
The study aims to analyze and examine the Role Ambiguity, Role Conflict and Moral Reasoning of the quality of tax audits at the West Makassar Pratama Tax Office. The research method uses the Survey method with a sample size of 30 respondents (Tax Auditor) and the analytical tool used is Multiple Linear Regression. The results showed that role ambiguity and role conflict had no effect on the quality of tax audits, while moral reasoning had a positive and significant effect on the quality of tax audits at the West Makassar Pratama Tax Office.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap di Ruang Perawatan Private Care Center (PCC) RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar.
Authors: Rani Muhammad , Basalamah Salim , Damis Hasanudin 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari bukti emperis variabel-variabel yang mempengaruhi Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap di Ruang Perawatan Private Care Center (PCC) RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. Untuk melihat pengaruh tersebut digunakan lima variabel independen yaitu Bukti Fisik (tangibles), Kehandalan (reliability), Ketanggapan (responsiveness), Jaminan (assurance), Empati (empathy) serta satu variabel dependen yaitu kepuasan pasien.
Dalam peneltian ini, sampel yang diambil adalah 97 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi langsung dan survei dengan cara pembagian kuesioner kepada responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi linear berganda.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Bukti Fisik (tangibles) dan Ketanggapan (responsiveness) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap di Ruang Perawatan Private Care Center (PCC) RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. Sedangkan Kehandalan (reliability), Jaminan (assurance), dan Empati (empathy) tidak berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap di Ruang Perawatan Private Care Center (PCC) RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. Disamping itu variabel yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap di Ruang Perawatan Private Care Center (PCC) RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar adalah Bukti Fisik.
This study aims to find empirical evidence of variables that affect inpatient patient satisfaction in the Private Care Center (PCC) Hospital. Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. To see this effect five independent variables are used namely Physical Form (tangibles), Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Empathy and one dependent variable is patient satisfaction.
In this study, the sample taken was 97 respondents. Data collected through direct observation and survey by way of distribution questionnaires to respondents. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis method
The results showed that the physical form (tangibles) and responsiveness (responsiveness) had a positive and significant effect on the Satisfaction of Inpatients in the Private Care Center (PCC) Room of RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. While reliability, assurance, and empathy have no positive and significant effect on patient satisfaction in the Private Care Center (PCC) Hospital. Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. Besides that, the most dominant variable influences the Satisfaction of Inpatients in the Private Care Center (PCC) Room of RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar is Physical Evidence (tangibles).
“A Constitution Similar in Principle to That of the United Kingdom”: The Preamble, Constitutional Principles, and a Sustainable Jurisprudence
Authors: Oliver Peter C. 
Published: March 2021

In recent years, unwritten constitutional principles often find their place in Canadian constitutional law via their supposed foothold in the part of the preamble to the Constitution Act, 1867 that refers to “a Constitution similar in Principle to that of the United Kingdom”. Principles such as judicial independence, democracy, federalism, constitutionalism and the rule of law, and protection of minorities have been derived from the preamble. This article looks through over a hundred years of Supreme Court of Canada case law in order to determine what that preambular phrase has meant over time. It turns out that in the years immediately after 1867, it referred to what we now call political constitutionalism. A hundred or so years later, this same passage came to be associated with legal constitutionalism, though the Court has more recently backed away from the fullest implications of that approach. This article proposes a reading of the preamble and constitutional principles that is consistent with recent Supreme Court of Canada case law and defensible given current jurisprudential trends. That reading gives due regard to the traditional meaning of the rule of law all the while acknowledging that there are genuinely hard cases (particularly prevalent at the Supreme Court level) where neither rules nor principles provide clear answers. In those circumstances, respect for the rule of law requires as much wisdom and judgement as it does application of more prosaic legal skills. This article therefore recommends what is here referred to as a “sustainable jurisprudence” that offers an essential bridge between by now orthodox Dworkinian principle-based reasoning and contextual studies more commonly found in socio-legal, feminist, and other critical literature.
Plasmonic Modulation of Valleytronic Emission in Two‐Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Deng Miaoyi , Wang Xiao , Chen Jianing , Li Ziwei , Xue Mengfei , Zhou Zhiyuan , Lin Feng , Zhu Xing , Fang Zheyu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMonolayered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are one kind of hexagonal 2D semiconductors with a direct bandgap structure. Due to the property of natural broken inversion symmetry in the lattice, the strong spin–orbit coupling of electrons in TMDs can induce degenerate levels with antiparallel spins in K and K′ valleys, which selectively respond with external light excitations. Surface plasmon resonance with efficient electromagnetic enhancement and near‐field coupling provides excellent potential opportunities to modulate valley emission of TMDs. Efforts have been devoted to investigating the interaction principles and applications of this research field. This review focuses on plasmonic modulation of valleytronic emission in TMDs with surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) and localized surface plasmons (LSP) based on different modulation principles, respectively, and discusses possible research directions for future device applications.
Coexistence of two accessory flexor pollicis longus heads or coexistence of two-headed flexor pollicis longus with an unrecognized anatomical structure?
Authors: Zielinska Nicol , Szewczyk Bartłomiej , Tubbs R. Shane , Olewnik Łukasz 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe flexor pollicis longus (FPL) is located in the anterior compartment of the forearm. It is morphologically variable in both point of origin and insertion. An additional head of the FPL can lead to anterior interosseous syndrome. This report presents a morphological variation of the FPL (additional head in proximal attachment and bifurcated tendinous insertion in distal attachment) and an unrecognized structure that has not so far been described in the literature. This structure originates in six heads (attached to the FPL or interosseous membrane) that merge together, and inserts on to the FPL. All the variations noted have clinical significance, ranging from potential nerve compression to prevention of tendon rupture.
Generalised viscoelastic fibre at small strain
Authors: Soldatos Kostas P. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA straight elastic fibre is usually perceived as a one-dimensional structural component, and its similarity with a cylindrical rod makes its concept analogous, if not equivalent with the concept of an elastic spring. This analogy enables this communication to match the one-dimensional response of a relevant viscoelastic fibre with that of a viscoelastic spring and, hence, to describe its one-dimensional behaviour in the light of a new, generalised viscoelastic spring model. The model shares simultaneously properties of an elastic spring and an inelastic damper (dashpot) and this communication is interested on its applicability at small strain only. However, the form of its constitutive equation, which is based on the combined action of an internal energy function and a viscous flow potential, is non-linear as well as differential and, also, implicit in the stress. The model enables a posteriori determination of (i) the manner that the elastic and the inelastic parts of the fibre strain are assembled and form the observed total deformation, (ii) the part of stress that creates recoverable work and the part of stress wasted in energy dissipation, and (iii) the amount of work stored in the material as well as the amount of energy dissipation during the fibre deformation. A detailed analysis is presented for the case that small-strain, steady viscoelastic deformation takes place in a spatially homogeneous manner. This includes a complete relevant solution of the problem of interest and is accompanied by an adequate set of corresponding qualitative numerical results.
Preoperative Cardiac Diagnostics in Bariatric Patients with Diabetes and Perioperative Morbidity: Results of a Cohort of 258 Patients
Authors: Stillhard Benjamin , Ngo B. T. Truc , Peterli Ralph , Peters Thomas , Schneider Romano , Kraljević Marko , Slawik Marc , Wölnerhanssen Bettina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The combination of obesity and diabetes mellitus are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular complications and perioperative morbidity in metabolic surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate effectivity and reliability of the cardiac assessment in patients with diabetes prior to bariatric surgery.

Setting
Private, university-affiliated teaching hospital, Switzerland

Material and Methods
Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on results and consequences of cardiac assessments in 258 patients with obesity and diabetes scheduled for primary bariatric surgery at our institution between January 2010 and December 2018.

Results
Out of 258 patients, 246 (95.3%) received cardiac diagnostics: 173 (67.1%) underwent stress-rest myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS), 15 (5.8%) patients had other cardiac imaging including cardiac catheterization, 58 (22.5%) patients had echocardiography and/or stress electrocardiography, and 12 (4.7%) patients received no cardiac evaluation. Subsequently, cardiac catheterization was performed in 28 patients (10.9%), and coronary heart disease was detected and treated in 15 subjects (5.8%). Of these 15 individuals, 5 (33.3%) patients had diffuse vascular sclerosis, 8 (53.3%) patients underwent coronary angioplasty and stenting, and 2 (13.3%) patients coronary artery bypass surgery. Bariatric surgery was performed without perioperative cardiovascular events in all 258 patients.

Conclusion
Our data suggest that a detailed cardiac assessment is mandatory in bariatric patients with diabetes to identify those with yet unknown cardiovascular disease before performing bariatric surgery. We recommend carrying out myocardial perfusion scintigraphy as a reliable diagnostic tool in this vulnerable population. If not viable, stress echocardiography should be performed as a minimum.
Mortality decline, productivity increase, and positive feedback between schooling and retirement choices
Authors: Cai Zhipeng , Lau Sau-Him Paul , Yuen C. Y. Kelvin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe twentieth century has seen a phenomenal decline in mortality and an increase in productivity level. These two important events likely affect people's choices of schooling years and retirement age. We first show that in a standard life-cycle model, positive feedback exists between optimal schooling years and retirement age choices. We then evaluate the impact of a mortality or productivity shock on an endogenous variable (schooling years or retirement age) by decomposing it into the direct and indirect effects, where the indirect effect arises from feedback from the other endogenous variable. Finally, we extend the model by including the utility benefit of schooling and show that a negative correlation of schooling years and retirement age is possible. Apart from clarifying the apparently similar concepts of positive co-movement and positive feedback, our results have implications relevant to the economic demography literature.
Fabrication of Gd-DOTA-functionalized carboxylated nanodiamonds for selective MR imaging (MRI) of the lymphatic system
Authors: Yano Kosaku , Matsumoto Tomohiro , Okamoto Yutaka , Kurokawa Naruki , Hasebe Terumitsu , Hotta Atsushi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents with the particle diameter of around 3–10 nm hold the potential to be selectively uptaken by lymphatic vessels and be filtered in the kidney for final excretion. However, there are no existing MRI contrast agents based on gadolinium (Gd) complexes within the size of this range, and thus the selective imaging of the lymphatic system has not yet been achieved. In our previous report, we succeeded in fabricating nano-scale MRI contrast agents by complexing ordinary contrast agents (Gd-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)) with carboxylated nanodiamond (CND) particles to conquer this problem. However, DTPA has recently been reported to release Gd ions in the course of time, leading to the potential danger of severe side effects in the human body. In this study, we utilized cyclic-chained DOTA as an alternative chelating material for DTPA to fabricate CND-based MRI contrast agents for the selective lymphatic imaging. The newly fabricated contrast agents possessed the diameter ranging from 3 to 10 nm in distilled water and serum, indicating that these particles can be selectively uptaken by lymphatic vessels and effectively filtered in the kidney. Furthermore, the DOTA-applied CND contrast agents exhibited stronger MRI visibility in water and serum compared to DTPA-applied CND contrast agents. These results indicate that DOTA-applied CND contrast agents are promising materials for the selective MR imaging of lymphatic systems.
Gyrokinetic simulation of turbulent transport for I-mode edge plasmas
Authors: Yang Hongwei , Zhou Tianchun , Xiao Yong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
I-mode is an attractive candidate among the confinement regimes proposed for burning operation with good energy confinement similar to H-mode but poor particle confinement similar to L-mode, resulting in no obvious impurity accumulation and free of large edge localized modes. Although I-mode has been recently achieved experimentally on several tokamaks, theory and simulation remain insufficient to explain the mechanisms behind the I-mode formation and its peculiar transport behaviour. In this work, an electrostatic gyrokinetic simulation using gyrokinetic toroidal code (GTC) is carried out for the typical I-mode plasma profiles. Linear simulations reveal that two competitive instabilities coexist within the range of short and long wavelengths during I-mode phase, respectively. It is found that the passing electron response cannot be treated adiabatically for those modes with mode numbers close to that of weekly coherent mode, which is considered to be a major player in the I-mode formation and responsible for the unusual transport behaviour exhibited in I-mode plasmas. Nonlinear simulations yield a turbulent heat transport level that is comparable to the experimental level, and about a half of the experimental particle transport level.
Contribution of Excitatory and Inhibitory Neuronal Activity to BOLD fMRI
Authors: Moon Hyun Seok , Jiang Haiyan , Vo Thanh Tan , Jung Won Beom , Vazquez Alberto L , Kim Seong-Gi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The BOLD fMRI response in the cortex is often assumed to reflect changes in excitatory neural activity. However, the contribution of inhibitory neurons to BOLD fMRI is unclear. Here, the role of inhibitory and excitatory activity was examined using multimodal approaches: electrophysiological recording, 15.2 T fMRI, optical intrinsic signal imaging, and modeling. Inhibitory and excitatory neuronal activity in the somatosensory cortex were selectively modulated by 20-s optogenetic stimulation of VGAT-ChR2 and CaMKII-ChR2 mice, respectively. Somatosensory stimulation and optogenetic stimulation of excitatory neurons induced positive BOLD responses in the somatosensory network, whereas stimulation of inhibitory neurons produced biphasic responses at the stimulation site, initial positive and later negative BOLD signals, and negative BOLD responses at downstream sites. When the stimulation duration was reduced to 5 s, the hemodynamic response of VGAT-ChR2 mice to optogenetic stimulation was only positive. Lastly, modeling performed from neuronal and hemodynamic data shows that the hemodynamic response function (HRF) of excitatory neurons is similar across different conditions, whereas the HRF of inhibitory neurons is highly sensitive to stimulation frequency and peaks earlier than that of excitatory neurons. Our study provides insights into the neurovascular coupling of excitatory and inhibitory neurons and the interpretation of BOLD fMRI signals.