bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Priceless time – The UHNWI's most precious possession: implications for international marketing theory and practice
Authors: Klaus Philipp ‘Phil’ , Park JungKun , Tarquini-Poli Annalisa 
Published: October 2021

PurposeTraditionally, international luxury marketing highlights possible disparities of cultural and value perception. The context-specific nature of traditional international luxury marketing, which ranges from educational and cultural to financial and offering-based variations, delivers little guidance to managers in the field regarding how to cater best to their highest target segment. The study aims to exemplify the relevance of global consumer culture (GCC) theory for the ultra-high-net-worth-individual (UHNWI) context. The authors' research on UHNWIs maps the DNA, so to speak, of the UHNWI customer experience (CX) by determining what drives UHNWI purchasing behavior independent of background – in other words, what matters most to this exclusive consumer segment.Design/methodology/approachInterviewing 15 UHNWIs using a means-end approach and incorporating the emerging consensus technique (ECT), the authors explored the CX of UHNWIs leading to their purchasing decisions.FindingsThe authors' analysis reveals the three main constituents of the UHNWI CX: the value of time, expectation mismanagement and the utilitarian nature of luxury. The findings highlight that UHNWIs see traditional luxury as a necessity rather than a luxury and value different factors, such as time, much more highly. The findings highlight the UHNWI homogenous nature, connecting GCC to purchasing behavior.Practical implicationsThe authors' study delivers empirical evidence of what matters most to the UHNWI segment and drives their purchasing behavior. The authors are questioning existing luxury segmentation strategies and lay out a clear guidance on how to design and deliver effective and efficient marketing, sales and communications strategies for the elusive UHNWI segment. The research highlights that it is the experience and the three main dimensions, namely expectation mismanagement, luxury as a utility and the value of time. Following UHNWI CX DNA framework will allow luxury companies to build their marketing and client acquisition efforts on a solid understanding of what matters most to the UHNWI target segment.Originality/valueThe study highlights the commonalities of UHNWIs in terms of what matters most to them. Based on this, the authors develop a UHNWI CX DNA. The authors propose that traditional context-specific differences upheld by international marketing researchers might not apply to the UHNWI segment. The authors deliver evidence that UHNWI are an excellent example of the applicability of GCC theory. The only difference in perception the authors noticed was between CX evaluations of self-made UHNWIs and those who inherited their wealth in an otherwise homogenous segment.
Exploring whether wireless emergency alerts can help impede the spread of Covid‐19
Authors: Bean Hamilton , Grevstad Nels , Meyer Abigail , Koutsoukos Alex 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOfficials worldwide have sought ways to effectively use mobile technology to communicate health information to help thwart the spread of Covid‐19. This study offers a preliminary exploration of whether state‐level (N = 6) and local‐level (N = 53) wireless emergency alert (WEA) messages might contribute to impeding the spread of Covid‐19 in the United States. The study compares changes in reported rates of infections and deaths between states and localities that issued WEA messages in March and April of 2020 with states that did not. Small sample sizes and differences in the rates of Covid‐19 spread prohibit robust statistical analysis and detection of clear effect sizes, but estimated effects are generally in the right direction. Combining statistical analysis with preliminary categorization of both WEA message content and social media themes suggests that a positive effect from WEA messages cannot be ruled out.
A multimodel random forest ensemble method for an improved assessment of Chinese terrestrial vegetation carbon density
Authors: Wang Zhaosheng , Gong He , Huang Mei , Gu Fengxue , Wei Jie , Guo Qingchun , Song Wenchao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Assessing the terrestrial vegetation carbon density (TVCD) is crucial for evaluating the national carbon balance. However, current national‐scale TVCD assessments show strong disparities, despite the good estimation method of their underlying models. Here, we attribute this contradiction to a flaw in the methods of using multimodel simulation results, which ignore the connections between results, leading to an overoptimistic evaluation of the multimodel ensemble mean (MMEM) method.

Thus, using the state‐of‐the‐art multimodel random forest ensemble (MMRFE) method to integrate the results of 10 models, we reproduced Chinese TVCD data during 1982–2010.

Compared with the nationally averaged TVCD field investigation data (27 ± 26 Mg C/ha), we found that the results of five models were overestimated by 7.4%–85.2%, and the remaining models were underestimated by 3.7%–77.8%. The MMEM TVCD method produced an overestimation of 2%, but the MMRFE method produced an underestimation of only 0.2%. Additionally, the summary Taylor diagrams of the TVCD at the national and ecosystem (forest, shrub, grass and crop ecosystems) scales all showed that the MMRFE TVCD produced the smallest standard deviations and root mean square deviations and the highest correlation coefficients. Furthermore, the MMRFE TVCDs were all significantly positively correlated with the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and they had the same increasing trend, but an opposite variation trend from the MMEM TVCD and NDVI. This result implied that the spatiotemporal variation modes of the MMRFE TVCD were consistent with those of the NDVI. The results suggested that compared with the traditional MMEM method, the MMRFE TVCD and its spatiotemporal variation modes were more similar to the real TVCD.

In conclusion, the MMRFE method can effectively improve the accuracy of national‐scale TVCD estimation, and effectively reduce the uncertainty of large‐scale terrestrial vegetation carbon estimation processes. Notably, we provide a new method that uses a machine learning approach to mine multimodel terrestrial carbon information to reduce the uncertainty in the estimation of terrestrial ecosystem carbon components.
Risk factors for recurrence in colorectal cancer: a retrospective analysis in a regional Australian hospital
Authors: Holt Jonathon , Schwalb Heinrich , Elbourne Hugh , te Marvelde Luc , Reid Caitlin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy in Australia. Up to a third of patients who have undergone surgery with curative intent for colorectal cancer will have a recurrence of disease leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Regional Australians have disproportionately worse outcomes.AimTo identify factors associated with recurrence in colorectal cancer patients treated at a regional Australian hospital.MethodsThis study is a retrospective cohort analysis. Consecutive patients who have undergone curative resection at a regional public and private hospital by three surgeons from a single surgical practice for either rectal cancer or colon cancer were included. Prognostic indicators of recurrence were examined via both univariate and multivariate time‐to‐event analyses.ResultsThree hundred nine patients were included with 43 recurrences. Thirty presented with distant metastases, seven presented with locoregional recurrence and six presented with locoregional as well as distant recurrence. In univariable analysis, higher rates of recurrence were associated with tumour type, higher AJCC summary stage, higher preoperative levels of CA19‐9, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, <12 nodes examined, positive lymph nodes and emergency surgery status. On multivariable analysis recurrence remained associated with tumours with a mucinous and/or signet cell component, positive nodes and <12 lymph nodes examined.ConclusionA combination of patient and treatment factors are relevant in determining the risk of recurrence for stage I–III colorectal cancer. This study emphasises the importance of histology in determining risk, particularly the number of nodes examined. CEA 19–9 may also be a useful pre‐operative predictor of recurrence.
Does the body mass index impact lymph node yield for colorectal cancer resection, and does operative approach influence this: a review of bi‐national colorectal cancer audit database
Authors: Cheong Ju Yong , Young Christopher John , Byrne Christopher 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundOperating on an obese patient is technically more challenging. This study aimed to determine whether there was any correlation between lymph node (LN) harvesting and patient's BMI, and how the operative approach influences this.MethodsA retrospective analysis of the bi‐national colorectal cancer audit (BCCA) database from 2008 to 2018 was performed.ResultsIn the analysis of the correlation between operative approach and number of lymph nodes, data on 22 963 patients were analyzed. The operative approach did not lead to a significant difference in the number of lymph nodes yielded, except for proctocolectomy and low anterior resection where laparoscopic approach yielded greater lymph nodes than open approach. Linear regression of BMI and number of lymph nodes harvested for each operation based on 3986 patients showed that BMI largely does not impact the lymph node yield. The exception was open left hemicolectomy/sigmoid colectomy and laparoscopic high anterior resection, where a unit increase in BMI led to a reduction in the number of lymph nodes harvested. However, the regression coefficient and reduction in number of lymph nodes were low (r2 = 0.11, r2 = 0.0108 and 0.41, 0.18 lymph nodes).ConclusionIn colorectal cancer operations, the number of lymph nodes removed is largely not impacted by the patient's body mass index, regardless of which operative approach is taken.
Modalities of endovascular management for internal iliac artery aneurysms
Authors: Chen Reuben J. , Vaes Roel H. D. , Qi Sara D. , J. Westcott Mark , Robinson Domenic R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundInternal iliac artery aneurysms (IIAA) are uncommon. Open repair is technically challenging and has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality compared with repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. The aim of this study is to assess the outcomes of endovascular treatment of IIAA and incidence of postoperative pelvic ischaemia.MethodsA single‐centre retrospective analysis was performed for IIAAs treated with endovascular repair between January 2005 and December 2017. Aneurysm morphology, mode of presentation and operative technique were evaluated. Primary outcomes were 30‐day mortality and incidence of pelvic ischaemia. Secondary outcomes were technical success, major complications and reintervention.ResultsTwenty‐nine IIAAs were treated in 23 patients with a mean age of 74 */‐ 9 years. Six patients had isolated IIAAs (26%); the remaining 17 patients had aortoiliac aneurysms. Five patients (22%) required emergent repair for ruptured IIAAs. Mean IIAA size was 4.1 cm */‐ 1.8 and ruptures occurred at mean 6.1 cm */‐ 2.6. Endovascular techniques used: stent graft occlusion of the internal iliac artery (IIA) ostium (n = 16), deployment of iliac branch device (n = 9), and other endovascular techniques (n = 4). The 30‐day mortality was zero. Three patients (13%) experienced post‐operative pelvic ischemia which were all minor chronic gluteal claudication after IIA occlusion. Primary technical success was achieved in 27 repairs (93%). There was one late reintervention (3%).ConclusionIIAAs are often asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally, however, a significant proportion present emergently. Endovascular treatment is feasible for both ruptured and non‐ruptured aneurysms with low perioperative morbidity, mortality and reintervention rates.
Neurostructural differences associated with self‐harm in youth bipolar disorder
Authors: Dimick Mikaela K. , Kennedy Kody G. , Mitchell Rachel H. B. , Sinyor Mark , MacIntosh Bradley J. , Goldstein Benjamin I. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundYouth with bipolar disorder (BD) are at greatly elevated risk for suicide. Self‐harm, encompassing all self‐injurious behaviors regardless of suicidal intent, is among one of the greatest risk factors for death by suicide. This study aims to extend the sparse literature regarding the neurostructural correlates of self‐harm in youth with BD.MethodsParticipants included 156 youth (17.14 ± 1.61 years): 38 BD with lifetime history of self‐harm (BDSH+), 43 BD without history of self‐harm (BDSH−), and 75 healthy controls (HC). Measures of cortical thickness, surface area (SA), and volume were obtained using 3 T magnetic resonance imaging. Orbitofrontal and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices were examined in region‐of‐interest (ROI) analyses, complemented by exploratory vertex‐wise analyses using a general linear model controlling for age, sex, and intracranial volume.ResultsIn ROI analyses, there were no between‐group differences after correction for multiple comparisons. Vertex‐wise analysis revealed three significant clusters in precentral gyrus SA, inferior temporal gyrus SA, and caudal middle frontal gyrus volume. Post‐hoc vertex‐wise analyses showed BDSH+ had lower cortical SA and volume compared with both BDSH− and HC for all clusters.ConclusionsSignificant vertex‐wise findings were observed in frontotemporal regions relevant to BD and self‐harm, with smaller neurostructural measures among BDSH+ compared with both BDSH− and HC. Future studies are needed to evaluate the temporal nature of the relationship of these neurostructural differences (i.e., potential risk indicators) to self‐harm and to identify mechanisms underlying these findings.
An empirical study of firm productivity growth based on the dynamic selection model: Effects on the recent decline in Korean exports
Authors: Son Nyeong Seon , Hur Jung 
Published: October 2021

AbstractExport and productivity growth in the Korean manufacturing sector have both been slow since 2011. To understand this relationship, we examine the productivity distributions of manufacturing firms in Korea by applying the dynamic selection model developed by Sampson (2016). The fitness of the dynamic selection model suggests that a slowdown in the market selection mechanism may be a crucial contributor to the stagnant growth in the productivity. In addition, we find that the productivity difference between exporting firms and non‐exporting firms has decreased and the low productivity growth of firms exporting to non‐foreign affiliates has contributed to this trend.
Learning to recognize uncertainty vs. recognizing uncertainty to learn: Confidence judgments and exploration decisions in preschoolers
Authors: Lapidow Elizabeth , Killeen Isabella , Walker Caren M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDuring exploration, young children often show an intuitive sensitivity to uncertainty, despite their strong tendency towards overconfidence in their explicit judgments. Here, we examine the development of children's explicit and implicit recognition of uncertainty using the same stimuli. We presented 4‐ and 5‐year‐olds with objects that varied in their amount of perceptual occlusion, and assessed their ability to distinguish among them using two types of measures. Experiment 1 used a traditional 3‐point confidence scale to examine children's explicit uncertainty judgments. We compared these confidence judgments before and after they observed disconfirming evidence, to assess the impact of this experience on their acknowledgement of uncertainty in later trials. Experiment 2 examined children's exploration preference as a measure of implicit sensitivity to uncertainty. Our results indicate that children intuitively recognize gaps in their knowledge, and that this implicit recognition may be leveraged to support their explicit judgments. Specifically, we found that children's baseline confidence judgments improved significantly following the presentation of disconfirming evidence. Furthermore, when asked to make exploration decisions about the same set of objects, children showed a spontaneous sensitivity to uncertainty, prior to any evidence. Taken together, these results suggest that children's exploration behavior may be used as an early developing measure of uncertainty control and raise the intriguing possibility that the experience of unexpected outcomes may play a role in the development of metacognition.
Changes in quality of life following hypoglycaemia in adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review of longitudinal studies
Authors: Matlock Kevin A. , Broadley Melanie , Hendrieckx Christel , Clowes Mark , Sutton Anthea , Heller Simon R. , de Galan Bastiaan E. , Pouwer Frans , Speight Jane ,   for the Hypo‐RESOLVE consortium
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimTo conduct a systematic review of published studies reporting on the longitudinal impacts of hypoglycaemia on quality of life (QoL) in adults with type 2 diabetes.MethodDatabase searches with no restrictions by language or date were conducted in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and PsycINFO. Studies were included for review if they used a longitudinal design (e.g. cohort studies, randomised controlled trials) and reported on the association between hypoglycaemia and changes over time in patient‐reported outcomes related to QoL.ResultsIn all, 20 longitudinal studies published between 1998 and 2020, representing 50,429 adults with type 2 diabetes, were selected for review. A descriptive synthesis following Synthesis Without Meta‐analysis guidelines indicated that self‐treated symptomatic hypoglycaemia was followed by impairments in daily functioning along with elevated symptoms of generalised anxiety, diabetes distress and fear of hypoglycaemia. Severe hypoglycaemic events were associated with reduced confidence in diabetes self‐management and lower ratings of perceived health over time. Frequent hypoglycaemia was followed by reduced energy levels and diminished emotional well‐being. There was insufficient evidence, however, to conclude that hypoglycaemia impacted sleep quality, depressive symptoms, general mood, social support or overall diabetes‐specific QoL.ConclusionsLongitudinal evidence in this review suggests hypoglycaemia is a common occurrence among adults with type 2 diabetes that impacts key facets in the physical and psychological domains of QoL. Nonetheless, additional longitudinal research is needed—in particular, studies targeting diverse forms of hypoglycaemia, more varied facets of QoL and outcomes assessed using hypoglycaemia‐specific measures.
A score system to predict no‐reflow in primary percutaneous coronary intervention: The PIANO Score
Authors: Dai Chunfeng , Liu Muyin , Zhou You , Lu Danbo , Li Chenguang , Chang Shufu , Chen Zhangwei , Qian Juying , Ge Junbo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundAngiographic no‐reflow is associated with poor outcomes in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We sought to develop and validate a score system to predict angiographic no‐reflow in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary PCI were consecutively enrolled and were randomly divided into the training and validation set. Angiographic no‐reflow was defined as thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade 0 to 2 after PCI. In the training set, independent predictors were identified by logistic regression analysis, and a score system (PredIction of Angiographic NO‐reflow, the PIANO score) was constructed based on the β‐coefficient of each variable. The established model was evaluated for discrimination and calibration.ResultsAngiographic no‐reflow occurred in 362 (17.8%) of 2036 patients. Age ≥70 years, absence of pre‐infarction angina, total ischaemic time ≥4 h, left anterior descending as culprit artery, pre‐PCI TIMI flow grade ≤1 and pre‐PCI TIMI thrombus score ≥4 were independent predictors of angiographic no‐reflow. The PIANO score ranged from 0 to 14 points, yielding a concordance index of 0.857 (95% confidence interval: 0.833 to 0.880), with good calibration. In the high‐risk (≥8 points) group, the probability of angiographic no‐reflow phenomenon was 38.7%, while it was only 4.8% in the low‐risk (<8 points) group. The score system performed well in the validation set.ConclusionsWe establish and validate a score system based on six clinical variables to predict angiographic no‐reflow in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI, which may help choose the optimal individual treatment strategy.
Housing prices and son preference: Evidence from China’s housing reform
Authors: Guo Rufei , Wang Qian , Yi Junjian , Zhang Junsen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDo high housing prices reduce the demand for sons? As Chinese parents need to acquire houses for their sons’ marriage, high housing prices increase the cost of sons relative to daughters. We exploit China's housing reform in the 1990s as a natural experiment to identify the effect of housing prices on demand for sons. We find that housing prices have no effect on the probability of having a son at the first birth. High housing prices reduce the probability of having a son at the second birth, especially when the first‐born is a daughter. A 10% increase in housing prices reduces the probability of having a son at the second birth by 0.78 percentage points. The findings remain robust when using aggregate prefecture‐cohort data for the post‐reform period.
Low prevalence of amyloid and tau pathology in drug‐resistant temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Silva Juliana C. , Vivash Lucy , Malpas Charles B. , Hao Yong , McLean Catriona , Chen Zhibin , O'Brien Terence J. , Jones Nigel C. , Kwan Patrick 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveCognitive impairment is common in patients with chronic drug‐resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) and amyloid‐β (Aβ) plaques, pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer disease, have been hypothesized to play a mechanistic role. We investigated Aβ plaques and pTau prevalence in TLE patients who underwent resective surgery and correlated their presence with preoperative psychometric test scores and clinical factors.MethodsPatients were retrospectively selected from the epilepsy surgery register of the Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia. Sections from the resected temporal lobe were immunostained for pTau and Aβ plaques (antibodies: AT8, 1E8). The presence and severity of pathology were correlated with clinical characteristics, and verbal and visual learning functions as measured by the Verbal Pair Associates (VPA) test and Rey Complex Figure Test.ResultsFifty‐six patients (55% female) aged 20–68 years (median = 34 years) at surgery were included. Aβ plaques were detected in four patients (7%), all at the moderate level. There was no difference in duration, age at onset of epilepsy, or side of resection between patients with and without Aβ plaques. Sparse pTau was found in two patients (3.5%). Both had moderate Aβ plaques and were >50 years of age. Patients with Aβ plaques had a lower median score for the VPA hard assessment compared to those without (0 vs. 4; p = .02). There was otherwise no correlation between pathology and psychometric test scores.SignificanceAβ plaques and pTau were uncommon in the resected brain tissue of patients who have undergone temporal lobectomy, and did not correlate with clinical characteristics or preoperative psychometric test scores, except for a lower VPA median score in patients with Aβ plaques. Therefore, considering the low prevalence of Aβ plaques and pTau herein observed, it is unlikely that cognitive impairment in TLE is driven by the same mechanisms as in Alzheimer disease.