bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can dynamic occupancy models improve predictions of species' range dynamics? A test using Swiss birds
Authors: Briscoe Natalie J. , Zurell Damaris , Elith Jane , König Christian , Fandos Guillermo , Malchow Anne‐Kathleen , Kéry Marc , Schmid Hans , Guillera‐Arroita Gurutzeta 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPredictions of species' current and future ranges are needed to effectively manage species under environmental change. Species ranges are typically estimated using correlative species distribution models (SDMs), which have been criticized for their static nature. In contrast, dynamic occupancy models (DOMs) explicitily describe temporal changes in species’ occupancy via colonization and local extinction probabilities, estimated from time series of occurrence data. Yet, tests of whether these models improve predictive accuracy under current or future conditions are rare. Using a long‐term data set on 69 Swiss birds, we tested whether DOMs improve the predictions of distribution changes over time compared to SDMs. We evaluated the accuracy of spatial predictions and their ability to detect population trends. We also explored how predictions differed when we accounted for imperfect detection and parameterized models using calibration data sets of different time series lengths. All model types had high spatial predictive performance when assessed across all sites (mean AUC > 0.8), with flexible machine learning SDM algorithms outperforming parametric static and DOMs. However, none of the models performed well at identifying sites where range changes are likely to occur. In terms of estimating population trends, DOMs performed best, particularly for species with strong population changes and when fit with sufficient data, while static SDMs performed very poorly. Overall, our study highlights the importance of considering what aspects of performance matter most when selecting a modelling method for a particular application and the need for further research to improve model utility. While DOMs show promise for capturing range dynamics and inferring population trends when fitted with sufficient data, computational constraints on variable selection and model fitting can lead to reduced spatial accuracy of predictions, an area warranting more attention.
Analytical validation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 immunohistochemistry by the use of the A0485 antibody versus the 4B5 antibody and breast versus gastric scoring guidelines in ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Lin Shih‐Yao , Wang Yeh‐Han , Hsu Chih‐Yi , Chen Yi‐Jen , Lai Chiung‐Ru , Hang Jen‐Fan 
Published: May 2021

AimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) immunohistochemistry (IHC) in ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) by using two antibodies and two scoring guidelines in correlation with HER2 amplification and clinicopathological features.Methods and resultsA tissue microarray was constructed by use of a total of 71 OCCC cases for IHC (the A0485 antibody and the 4B5 antibody) and dual‐colour silver in‐situ hybridisation (DISH). Two pathologists independently scored the IHC according to the 2018 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) breast cancer guidelines (breast guidelines) and the 2016 ASCO/CAP gastro‐oesophageal adenocarcinoma guidelines (gastric guidelines). IHC concordances between A0485 and 4B5 were 87.3–93.0%. Three to 16 (4.2–22.5%) cases had an IHC score of 2+/3+ with frequent basolateral/lateral membranous staining. The 4B5 antibody yielded fewer IHC 2+ cases than the A0485 antibody (n = 2–6 versus n = 5–12). Five (7.0%) cases had HER2 amplification as determined with DISH. Cases with papillary‐predominant growth patterns were significantly more likely to have HER2 amplification (P = 0.0051). In predicting DISH results, IHC scored according to the gastric guidelines yielded 100%/100% sensitivity and 83.3–95.5%/98.2–100% specificity, and IHC scored according to the breast guidelines yielded 60–80%/33.3–66.7% sensitivity and 95.5–100%/100% specificity (including/excluding IHC 2+ cases). One case had intratumoral heterogeneity, with discordant results between primary and metastatic tumour specimens.ConclusionWe demonstrated HER2 amplification in 7% of OCCC cases, and the molecular change is significantly associated with papillary‐predominant growth patterns. In predicting HER2 amplification, a combination of 4B5 IHC and gastric guidelines provides the best sensitivity and fewer equivocal (IHC 2+) cases. Given the intratumoral heterogeneity, assessment of HER2 status on whole tissue sections and on both primary and metastatic tumour specimens is recommended.
Where in the world is Florence Nightingale’s medicine chest?
Authors: Kent‐Wilkinson A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn the 121st anniversary year of the birth of Florence Nightingale, and during the COVID‐19 pandemic, it is both interesting and salient to be reminded of the foundational work of this famous woman who began modern nursing. Her work in nursing care and nursing, health and public policy has been a continuing strong foundation to practices in societies around the world.MethodsIn this short communication about historical research, various aspects of Florence’s life and work are described, as well as the locations, memorials and museum significant to our remembrance of her.ResultsA particular focus of this paper is the description of a larger but little‐known medicine chest located at the College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, in Saskatoon, SK, Canada, and attributed as belonging to Florence.ConclusionBest known to this point in time is a smaller medicine chest at the Florence Nightingale Museum in London.
Does corporate social responsibility affect shareholder value? Evidence from the COVID‐19 crisis
Authors: Arora Somya , Sur Jagan Kumar , Chauhan Yogesh 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 outbreak and the subsequent lockdown were an unanticipated shock to the global stock market. Managers also had minimal time to counterbalance its effect through corporate policies. Therefore, this health crisis offers a unique opportunity to examine the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on shareholder value. We observe that firms engaged in more CSR activities outperform other firms. This suggests that CSR plays a positive role in determining shareholder value, particularly for an emerging market where minority shareholder rights are weak. Collaborating with our main finding, we further find that governance metrics play a significant role.
Psychiatric nurse delivered group‐cognitive‐behavioral therapy for internalizing behavior problems among children of parents with alcohol use disorders
Authors: Omkarappa Dayananda B. , Rentala Sreevani , Nattala Prasanthi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeThe present study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of group‐cognitive‐behavioral therapy for anxiety, depression, and self‐esteem among children of parents with alcohol use disorder.Design and MethodsA randomized, controlled trial study was conducted with 70 children of parents with alcohol use disorder. The children were initially screened for the presence of behavioral problems and living with parents with alcohol use disorder, then assigned randomly to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received eight biweekly group CBT sessions.ResultsOver 3‐month study period, the results showed a statistically significant reduction in depression and anxiety scores and a significant improvement in self‐esteem scores among CBT group children compared with the control group children.ConclusionOur study demonstrates the effectiveness of CBT group treatment for children of parents with an alcohol use disorder and that school mental health nurses/psychiatric nurses can effectively deliver psychotherapy for behavioral and emotional problems of high‐risk children.
PR11‐364P22.2/ATF3 protein interaction mediates IL‐1β‐induced catabolic effects in cartilage tissue and chondrocytes
Authors: Li Xilei , Li Yusheng , Yang Xucheng , Liao Runzhi , Chen Liang , Guo Qulian , Yang Junxiao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease which lacks effective medical treatment due to ill‐defined molecular mechanisms underlying the pathology. Inflammation is a key factor that induces and aggravates OA. Therefore, the current study aims to explore roles of the dysregulated long non‐coding RNAs in the pro‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐1β‐mediated catabolic effects in cartilage tissue and chondrocytes. We identified RP11‐364P22.2 as dysregulated in OA patient‐derived cartilage tissues and highly responsive to IL‐1β stimulus. RNA pull‐down coupled with mass spectrometry demonstrated that RP11‐364P22.2 physically binds to activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and thus increases the protein stability and facilitates its nuclear translocation. Loss‐ and gain‐of‐function assays indicated that the interaction between RP11‐364P22.2 and ATF3 is indispensable for the detrimental effects of IL‐1β including growth inhibition, apoptosis induction as well as degradation of the key chondrocyte structural proteins of type II collage and Aggrecan and synthesis of the extracellular matrix‐degrading enzyme MMP13 in chondrocytes. In vivo, depletion of the RP11‐364P22.2 effector ATF3 drastically prevented OA development in the rats with surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). These results highlight the important roles of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of OA and indicate the RP11‐364P22.2/ATF3 regulatory axis as a potential therapeutic target of inflammation‐induced OA.
The impact of personal protective equipment and social distancing on communication and relation between nurses, caregivers and children: a descriptive qualitative study in a maternal and child health hospital
Authors: Ferrari Giada , Dobrina Raffaella , Buchini Sara , Rudan Iva , Schreiber Silvana , Bicego Livia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesThe main objective was to explore the impact of personal protective equipment and social distancing on nurses, caregivers and children's communication and relationship in a maternal and child health hospital.BackgroundThe spread of COVID‐19 pandemic made it necessary to apply infection prevention and control measures, including interpersonal distancing and the use of personal protective equipment. These measures may impact communication and relationship between nurses, patients and caregivers especially in a complex environment, such as a paediatric setting.DesignA qualitative descriptive study design was adopted. Reporting followed the COREQ guidelines.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted in two wards of a maternal and child health hospital in north‐east Italy. Data were collected between September and November 2020. Transcripts were analysed using inductive content analysis.ResultsSeventeen caregivers and 17 nurses were recruited using convenience sampling.Three themes were identified, namely: “Impact on a trustworthy relationship”; “Impact on common communication resources”; and “Strategies to overcome barriers”. Participants agreed Covid‐19 infection prevention and control measures impacted key elements of family‐centred and compassionate care. Communication strategies and play were critical to overcoming the barriers encountered.ConclusionsCOVID‐19 containment measures impact communication and family‐centred care in paediatric hospital settings. There is a need for stakeholders to consider family needs in interventions aimed at controlling pandemics’ impact.Clinical RelevanceWhile COVID‐19 pandemic urgency intensified the use of PPE and social distancing, strategies to overcome issues related to family‐centred care should be considered in those wards such as oncology or infectious disease paediatric departments where these measures are continuously adopted. Beyond a greater communication awareness, strategies may comprise the implementation of virtual care to guarantee support, continuity of care and information between the child, the healthcare team and the family members that are not admitted to the hospital for safety reasons.
Properties of Acrylic Resin For CAD/CAM: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of In Vitro Studies
Authors: de Oliveira Emanuele , Zancanaro de Figueiredo Elisa , Spohr Ana Maria , Lima Grossi Márcio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeThis systematic review and meta‐analysis of in vitro studies compared the prepolymerized acrylic resin used for CAD/CAM complete denture manufacturing versus the heat‐polymerized acrylic resin for conventional complete dentures in terms of surface roughness, wettability, hardness and flexural strength.Materials and MethodsAn electronic search was performed in the PubMed, Embase, LILACS and Web of Science databases, without language or date restrictions. Gray literature and manual search tools were also used. The systematic review was carried out by two researchers independently, following the inclusion criteria: in vitro studies testing the CAD/CAM acrylic resin with a control group of heat‐polymerized acrylic resin which compared at least one of the four material properties above. The meta‐analysis was performed separately for each property, using a random effect model.ResultsOf the 914 studies found by means of search strategies, 698 were selected for the systematic review. After applying the eligibility criteria, only 17 articles were selected for the qualitative analysis in the systematic review; among these, 14 were included in the quantitative meta‐analysis. The CAD/CAM prepolymerized acrylic resin in blocks had similar properties when compared to heat‐polymerized acrylic resin in almost all outcome measures, with the exception of a statistically significant reduction in surface roughness.ConclusionsBased on the findings of this systematic review and meta‐analysis, equally satisfactory results can be expected from dental prosthesis manufactured by the CAD/CAM system when compared to conventional ones, with the additional potential of reducing the pigmentation and attached microorganisms due to the reduced surface roughness of the prepolymerized resin.
Health‐related quality of life in narcolepsy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tadrous Ragy , O'Rourke Deirdre , Mockler David , Broderick Julie 
Published: May 2021

SummaryTo date, there has been no systematic analysis of the literature regarding health‐related quality of life in narcolepsy. This systematic review aimed to examine the impact of narcolepsy on health‐related quality of life, measured through standardised health‐related quality of life questionnaires such as the Short Form 36 and Functional Outcome of Sleep Questionnaire. The following databases: Medline, Embase, Cinahl, and Web of Science were searched for studies that investigated health‐related quality of life in adults with narcolepsy. Studies were reviewed independently by two reviewers, and a random‐effects meta‐analysis was performed. A total of 30 studies were eligible for inclusion in the review. Additionally, meta‐analyses were conducted for the Short Form 36 and the EQ5D. The Short Form 36 meta‐analysis identified that the pooled mean scores for the Physical Component Summary (45.91) were less affected than the Mental Component Summary (42.98). People with narcolepsy experience substantially lower health‐related quality of life when compared with the general population norms of the USA, UK, France and Norway, as well as compared with people with chronic diseases such as multiple sclerosis, diabetes, hypertension and epilepsy. Further research is warranted to identify the longitudinal effects of narcolepsy on health‐related quality of life, and to develop a narcolepsy‐specific health‐related quality of life tool.
Cut‐off points for serum ferritin to identify low iron stores during the first year of life in a cohort of Mexican infants
Authors: Pérez‐Acosta Azucena , Duque Ximena , Trejo‐Valdivia Belem , Flores‐Huerta Samuel , Flores‐Hernández Sergio , Martínez‐Andrade Gloria , González‐Unzaga Marco , Turnbull Bernardo , Escalante‐Izeta Ericka , Klünder‐klünder Miguel , Carranco‐Hernández Tania , Mendoza Eugenia , Sotelo‐Ham Elma Ivonne , Pineda Alicia , Medina‐Escobedo Carolina , Martinez Homero 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to identify serum ferritin (SF) cut‐off points (COPs) in a cohort of healthy full‐term normal birth weight infants who had repeated measurements of SF and haemoglobin every 3 months during the first year of life. The study included 746 full‐term infants with birth weight ≥2,500 g, having uncomplicated gestations and births. Participants received prophylactic iron supplementation (1 mg/day of iron element) from the first to the 12th month of life and did not develop anaemia during the first year of life.Two statistical methods were considered to identify COPs for low iron stores at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age:deviation from meanandcluster analysis. According to theK‐means cluster analysisresults by age and sex, COPs at 3 and 6 months for girls were 39 and 21 μg/L and for boys 23 and 11 μg/L, respectively. A single COP of 10 μg/L was identified, for girls and boys, at both 9 and 12 months. Given the physiological changes in SF concentration during the first year of life, our study identified dynamic COPs, which differed by sex in the first semester. Adequate SF COPs are necessary to identify low iron stores at an early stage of iron deficiency, which represents one of the most widespread public health problems around the world, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries.
A globally ubiquitous symbiont can drive experimental host evolution
Authors: Bates Kieran. A. , Bolton Jai S. , King Kayla C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOrganisms harbour myriad microbes which can be parasitic or protective against harm. The costs and benefits resulting from these symbiotic relationships can be context‐dependent, but the evolutionary consequences to hosts of these transitions remain unclear. Here, we mapped the Leucobacter genus across 13,715 microbiome samples (163 studies) to reveal a global distribution as a free‐living microbe or a symbiont of animals and plants. We showed that across geographically distant locations (South Africa, France, Cape Verde), Leucobacter isolates vary substantially in their virulence to an associated animal host, Caenorhabditis nematodes. We further found that multiple Leucobacter sequence variants co‐occur in wild Caenorhabditis spp. which combined with natural variation in virulence provides real‐world potential for Leucobacter community composition to influence host fitness. We examined this by competing C. elegans genotypes that differed in susceptibility to different Leucobacter species in an evolution experiment. One Leucobacter species was found to be host‐protective against another, virulent parasitic species. We tested the impact of host genetic background and Leucobacter community composition on patterns of host‐based defence evolution. We found host genotypes conferring defence against the parasitic species were maintained during infection. However, when hosts were protected during coinfection, host‐based defences were nearly lost from the population. Overall, our results provide insight into the role of community context in shaping host evolution during symbioses.
Effect of glare illusion‐induced perceptual brightness on temporal perception
Authors: Kinzuka Yuya , Sato Fumiaki , Minami Tetsuto , Nakauchi Shigeki 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTemporal perception and the ability to precisely ascertain time duration are central to essentially all behaviors. Since stimulus magnitude is assumed to be positively related to the perceived duration from the early days of experimental psychology, most studies so far have assessed this effect by presenting stimuli with relatively different intensities in physical quantity. However, it remains unclear how perceptual magnitude itself directly affects temporal perception. In this study (n = 21, n = 20), we conducted a two‐interval duration‐discrimination task adapting a glare illusion (a visual illusion that enhances perceived brightness without changing physical luminance) to investigate whether the temporal perception is also influenced by perceptual magnitude. Based on the mean difference in the point of subjective equality derived from a psychometric function and pupil diameter, we found that temporal perception is influenced by the illusory brightness of glare stimuli. Interestingly, the perceived duration of the apparently brighter stimuli (glare stimuli; larger pupillary light reflex) was shorter than that of control stimuli (halo stimuli; smaller pupillary light reflex) despite the stimuli remaining physically equiluminant, in contrast with the well‐known "magnitude effect." Furthermore, this temporal modulation did not occur when the physical luminance of the stimuli was manipulated to match the illusory‐induced magnitude. These results indicate that temporal processing depends on the confluence of both external and perceived subjective magnitude and even illusory brightness is sufficient to affect the sense of duration; which may be explained by the internal magnitude decrease of the glare stimuli due to pupillary constriction decreasing the light entering the eye.
Inducing ovulation with human chorionic gonadotrophin improves the pregnancy rate in lactating dairy cows receiving an in vitro‐produced embryo
Authors: Garcia‐Ispierto Irina , Llobera‐Balcells Mònica , López‐Gatius Fernando 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWhile the global use of in vitro‐produced embryos in dairy cattle is on the rise, several technical aspects of embryo transfer procedures have not yet been optimized. This study compares the effects of inducing ovulation using human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) versus gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) at the end of a 5‐day progesterone(P4)‐based protocol for oestrous synchronization on the pregnancy rate of lactating dairy cow recipients of in vitro‐produced embryos. Fresh embryos were transferred on Day‐seven post‐oestrus to ovulating cows receiving GnRH or hCG (groups GnRH and hCG, n = 60 each). Pregnancy was diagnosed by ultrasound on Day 28 post‐oestrus. Forty‐nine cows became pregnant: 16 in GnRH (26.7%) and 33 in hCG (55%). Taking GnRH‐treated cows as reference, the odds ratio for pregnancy of hCG‐treated cows was 3.3 (p = .002). In conclusion, hCG treatment given at the end of a 5‐day P4‐based protocol for oestrous synchronization improved the pregnancy rate in lactating dairy cows receiving an in vitro‐produced embryo.