bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive magnetoresistance induced by hydrodynamic fluctuations in chiral media
Authors: Sogabe Noriyuki , Yamamoto Naoki , Yin Yi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We analyze the combined effects of hydrodynamic fluctuations and chiral magnetic effect (CME) for a chiral medium in the presence of a background magnetic field. Based on the recently developed non-equilibrium effective field theory, we show fluctuations give rise to a CME-related positive contribution to magnetoresistance, while the early studies without accounting for the fluctuations find a CME-related negative magnetoresistance. At zero axial relaxation rate, the fluctuations contribute to the transverse conductivity in addition to the longitudinal one.
Identification of Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury from Intravenous Ketorolac in Geriatric Trauma Patients
Authors: Hall Scott T. , Mangram Alicia J. , Barletta Jeffrey F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundKetorolac is an effective analgesic but the potential for acute kidney injury (AKI) is concerning, particularly in geriatric “G‐60 trauma” patients. The objectives of this study are to report the incidence of AKI in patients who receive ketorolac, identify risk factors for AKI, and develop a risk factor‐guided algorithm for safe utilization.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included trauma patients age 60 years and older who received intravenous ketorolac. The primary endpoint was the incidence of AKI.ResultsAmong 316 patients evaluated, the incidence of AKI was 2.5%. Patients with AKI received more nephrotoxins, had more comorbidities, and higher use of loop diuretics or vasopressors. Loop diuretic therapy and number of comorbidities were independent predictors of AKI.ConclusionsRisk for AKI with ketorolac was low, being more prevalent with comorbidities or receipt of loop diuretics.
Quantification of pulmonary perfusion abnormalities using DCE-MRI in COPD: comparison with quantitative CT and pulmonary function
Authors: Schiwek Marilisa , Triphan Simon M. F. , Biederer Jürgen , Weinheimer Oliver , Eichinger Monika , Vogelmeier Claus F. , Jörres Rudolf A. , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Heußel Claus P. , Konietzke Philip , von Stackelberg Oyunbileg , Risse Frank , Jobst Bertram J. , Wielpütz Mark O. ,   on behalf of the COSYCONET study group
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Pulmonary perfusion abnormalities are prevalent in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are potentially reversible, and may be associated with emphysema development. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the clinical meaningfulness of perfusion defects in percent (QDP) using DCE-MRI.

Methods
We investigated a subset of baseline DCE-MRIs, paired inspiratory/expiratory CTs, and pulmonary function testing (PFT) of 83 subjects (age = 65.7 ± 9.0 years, patients-at-risk, and all GOLD groups) from one center of the “COSYCONET” COPD cohort. QDP was computed from DCE-MRI using an in-house developed quantification pipeline, including four different approaches: Otsu’s method, k-means clustering, texture analysis, and 80th percentile threshold. QDP was compared with visual MRI perfusion scoring, CT parametric response mapping (PRM) indices of emphysema (PRMEmph) and functional small airway disease (PRMfSAD), and FEV1/FVC from PFT.

Results
All QDP approaches showed high correlations with the MRI perfusion score (r = 0.67 to 0.72, p < 0.001), with the highest association based on Otsu’s method (r = 0.72, p < 0.001). QDP correlated significantly with all PRM indices (p < 0.001), with the strongest correlations with PRMEmph (r = 0.70 to 0.75, p < 0.001). QDP was distinctly higher than PRMEmph (mean difference = 35.85 to 40.40) and PRMfSAD (mean difference = 15.12 to 19.68), but in close agreement when combining both PRM indices (mean difference = 1.47 to 6.03) for all QDP approaches. QDP correlated moderately with FEV1/FVC (r = − 0.54 to − 0.41, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
QDP is associated with established markers of disease severity and the extent corresponds to the CT-derived combined extent of PRMEmph and PRMfSAD. We propose to use QDP based on Otsu’s method for future clinical studies in COPD.

Key Points
• QDP quantified from DCE-MRI is associated with visual MRI perfusion score, CT PRM indices, and PFT.
• The extent of QDP from DCE-MRI corresponds to the combined extent of PRMEmph and PRMfSAD from CT.
• Assessing pulmonary perfusion abnormalities using DCE-MRI with QDP improved the correlations with CT PRM indices and PFT compared to the quantification of pulmonary blood flow and volume.
Stability conditions for impulsive dynamical systems
Authors: Dashkovskiy Sergey , Slynko Vitalii 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this work, we consider impulsive dynamical systems evolving on an infinite-dimensional space and subjected to external perturbations. We look for stability conditions that guarantee the input-to-state stability for such systems. Our new dwell-time conditions allow the situation, where both continuous and discrete dynamics can be unstable simultaneously. Lyapunov like methods are developed for this purpose. Illustrative finite and infinite dimensional examples are provided to demonstrate the application of the main results. These examples cannot be treated by any other published approach and demonstrate the effectiveness of our results.
External snapping hip syndrome is associated with an increased femoral offset
Authors: Andronic Octavian , Rahm Stefan , Fritz Benjamin , Singh Sarvpreet , Sutter Reto , Zingg Patrick O. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
External snapping hip syndrome (ESH) is postulated to be one of the causes of greater trochanteric pain syndrome, which also includes greater trochanteric bursitis and tendinopathy or tears of the hip abductor mechanism. However, it was not yet described what kind of bony morphology can cause the snapping and whether symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals have different imaging features.

Purpose
It was the purpose of this study to look for predisposing morphological factors for ESH and to differentiate between painful and asymptomatic snapping.

Methods
A consecutive cohort with ESH and available magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between 2014 and 2019 was identified. The control group consisted of patients that underwent corrective osteotomies around the knee for mechanical axis correction and never complained of hip symptoms nor had undergone previous hip procedures. The following parameters were blindly assessed for determination of risk factors for ESH: CCD (corpus collum diaphysis) angle; femoral and global offset; femoral antetorsion; functional femoral antetorsion; translation of the greater trochanter (GT); posterior tilt of the GT; pelvic width/anterior pelvic length; intertrochanteric width. Hip and pelvic offset indexes were calculated as ratios of femoral/global offset and intertrochanteric/pelvic width, respectively. For the comparison of symptomatic and asymptomatic snapping, the following soft-tissue signs were investigated: presence of trochanteric bursitis or gluteal tendinopathy; presence of surface bony irregularities on trochanter major and ITB (Iliotibial band) thickness.

Results
A total of 31 hips with ESH were identified. The control group (n = 29) consisted of patients matched on both age (± 1) and gender. Multiple regression analysis determined an increased hip offset index to be independent predictor of ESH (r =  + 0.283, p = 0.025), most likely due to the higher femoral offset in the ESH group (p = 0.031). Pearson correlation analysis could not identify any significant secondary factors. No differences were found between painful and asymptomatic snapping on MRI.

Conclusions
A high hip offset index was found as an independent predictor for external snapping hip in our cohort, mainly due to increased femoral offset. No imaging soft-tissue related differences could be outlined between symptomatic and asymptomatic external snapping.

Level of evidence III
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00590.
An infinite-dimensional 2-generated primitive axial algebra of Monster type
Authors: Franchi Clara , Mainardis Mario , Shpectorov Sergey 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRehren proved in Axial algebras. Ph.D. thesis, University of Birmingham (2015), Trans Am Math Soc 369:6953–6986 (2017) that a primitive 2-generated axial algebra of Monster type $$(\alpha ,\beta )$$

(
α
,
β
)

, over a field of characteristic other than 2, has dimension at most 8 if $$\alpha \notin \{2\beta ,4\beta \}$$

α
∉
{
2
β
,
4
β
}

. In this note, we show that Rehren’s bound does not hold in the case $$\alpha =4\beta $$

α
=
4
β

by providing an example (essentially the unique one) of an infinite-dimensional 2-generated primitive axial algebra of Monster type $$(2,\frac{1}{2})$$

(
2
,

1
2

)

over an arbitrary field $${{\mathbb {F}}}$$
F
of characteristic other than 2 and 3. We further determine its group of automorphisms and describe some of its relevant features.
Arguments based on biocultural diversity to cease abandonment of traditional agricultural systems: Lessons from Poland
Authors: Prus Barbara , Uruszczak Michał , Hernik Józef 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe Polish rural cultural landscape is inherently linked to a special, centuries-old system that combines agricultural tradition and biodiversity. One of such environmentally, ecologically, agriculturally, historically, and culturally unique areas is the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland. Home to small agricultural holdings, this diversified mosaic is where agricultural, husbandry, craft, and local industry experience is handed down the generational chain. Developmental changes and progress are becoming the gravest threats to the area. The purpose of the paper is to assess traditional agricultural systems in the Lesser Poland part of the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland considering landscape features, agricultural biodiversity, food and livelihood security, traditional local knowledge systems, cultural values—in particular, systems of values—and social organisations that promote them. The research shows that biodiversity is entwined with cultural diversity. The vanishing of agricultural systems due to changed socio-economic conditions and environmental overprotection is a serious threat to the biological and cultural diversity in the upland. The authors employed a SWOT analysis—a tool that can investigate interactions and determine the best development strategy—to identify relationships between cultural and biological diversity.
Signal Enhancement in Surface Crack Detection with Gas-Coupled Laser Acoustic Detection
Authors: Vangi Dario , Bruzzi Mara , Caron James N. , Gulino Michelangelo S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUltrasonic signal enhancement resulting from constructive interference between direct Rayleigh waves and same waves reflected by a surface defect is exploited to increase crack identification capabilities of the Gas-Coupled Laser Acoustic Detection (GCLAD) non-contact detection technology. Highlights from simulations are provided regarding the interference phenomenon in the solid and its propagation in air, where GCLAD detection occurs. Experimental campaigns are preliminarily performed on a bar to evidence the effect of cracks on the GCLAD acquired signals. Then, a signal enhancement of +30% is reached on a plate, implying that defects are efficiently scanned by moving the GCLAD in proximity of the discontinuity. Since the GCLAD allows monitoring points of a piece belonging to the same line at once, its translation in one direction is sufficient to perform a two-dimensional scan, entailing reduction of inspection time and simple automation of the interrogation layout compared to other traditional or signal enhancement-based techniques.
Fostering pre-service teachers’ theoretical knowledge application: studying with and without text-based cases
Authors: Baier Franziska , Maurer Christina , Dignath Charlotte , Kunter Mareike 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAs knowledge derived from scientific theory can be helpful for teachers to reflect on their everyday teaching, universities have the challenging task of teaching this knowledge in such a way that pre-service teachers are able to apply it to their later teaching. Case-based learning has emerged as a promising method to foster pre-service teachers’ scientific knowledge application throughout university teacher education. However, surprisingly, empirical evidence for its effectiveness as compared to more traditional instructional interventions in teacher education is still inconclusive, partly being due to constraints concerning the employed comparison groups. The present quasi-experimental study (conducted in the field of classroom management) investigated the effect of studying exactly the same theoretical content with and without text-based cases on scientific knowledge application (as measured by a vignette test) in a sample of 101 pre-service teachers. Although the study found a small advantage for the case-based learning group, it demonstrated that scientific knowledge application may also be effectively fostered in a more traditional instructional course. The findings and their implications are discussed against the background of cognitive theories on inert knowledge and how to prevent it in teacher education.
Dolbeault and J-Invariant Cohomologies on Almost Complex Manifolds
Authors: Sillari Lorenzo , Tomassini Adriano 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper we relate the cohomology ofJ-invariant forms to the Dolbeault cohomology of an almost complex manifold. We find necessary and sufficient condition for the inclusion of the former into the latter to be true up to isomorphism. We also extend some results obtained by J. Cirici and S. O. Wilson about the computation of the left-invariant cohomology of nilmanifolds to the setting of solvmanifolds. Several examples are given.
TERT Copy Number Alterations, Promoter Mutations and Rearrangements in Adrenocortical Carcinomas
Authors: Gupta Sounak , Won Helen , Chadalavada Kalyani , Nanjangud Gouri J. , Chen Ying-Bei , Al-Ahmadie Hikmat A. , Fine Samson W. , Sirintrapun Sahussapont J. , Strong Vivian E. , Raj Nitya , Lagunes Diane Reidy , Vanderbilt Chad M. , Berger Michael F. , Ladanyi Marc , Dogan Snjezana , Tickoo Satish K. , Reuter Victor E. , Gopalan Anuradha 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMolecular characterization of adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has highlighted a high prevalence of TERT alterations, which are associated with disease progression. Herein, 78 ACC were profiled using a combination of next generation sequencing (n = 76) and FISH (n = 9) to assess for TERT alterations. This data was combined with TCGA dataset (n = 91). A subset of borderline adrenocortical tumors (n = 5) and adrenocortical adenomas (n = 7) were also evaluated. The most common alteration involving the TERT gene involved gains/amplifications, seen in 22.2% (37/167) of cases. In contrast, “hotspot” promoter mutations (C > T promoter mutation at position -124, 7/167 cases, 4.2%) and promoter rearrangements (2/165, 1.2%) were rare. Recurrent co-alterations included 22q copy number losses seen in 24% (9/38) of cases. Although no significant differences were identified in cases with and without TERT alterations pertaining to age at presentation, tumor size, weight, laterality, mitotic index and Ki67 labeling, cases with TERT alterations showed worse outcomes. Metastatic behavior was seen in 70% (28/40) of cases with TERT alterations compared to 51.2% (65/127, p = 0.04) of cases that lacked these alterations. Two (of 5) borderline tumors showed amplifications and no TERT alterations were identified in 7 adenomas. In the borderline group, 0 (of 4) patients with available follow up had adverse outcomes. We found that TERT alterations in ACC predominantly involve gene amplifications, with a smaller subset harboring “hotspot” promoter mutations and rearrangements, and 70% of TERT-altered tumors are associated with metastases. Prospective studies are needed to validate the prognostic impact of these findings.
Media Representations of Lesbians, Gay Men, and Bisexuals on Dutch Television and People’s Stereotypes and Attitudes About LGBs
Authors: van Meer Megan May , Pollmann Monique Maria Henriette 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study investigates stereotypical portrayals of lesbians, gays, and bisexuals (LGBs) on Dutch television and whether these portrayals relate to people’s attitudes towards LGBs. Previous research shows that television programs in the U.S. contain many stereotypical portrayals of LGBs. These portrayals are both negatively and positively related to people’s attitude towards LGBs. Because the Dutch culture is relatively accepting of LGBs it is interesting to see if they are portrayed differently than in the U.S. A content analysis showed that there are stereotypical representations on Dutch television but there are also people who ‘just happen to be gay’. A survey among 272 participants showed that people who more frequently watch programs with stereotypical portrayals of LGBs do not have a more positive or negative attitude than people who do not. A mediation analysis showed that people who watch more television in general have a more stereotypical view of gay men, which is related to more negative attitudes towards LGBs.
A Home-Care Service for Frail Older Adults: Findings from a Quasi-Experiment in Milan
Authors: Sarti Simone , Molteni Francesco , Cretazzo Federica , Giardini Gianluca , Pozzati Stefania , Bruno Oriana 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPopulation aging is particularly pronounced in Italy. Recently, home-care services emerged as one of the desirable strategy when dealing with such situations of fragility. In this framework, we present the evaluation of a home-care service which was experimentally implemented by Fondazione Sacra Famiglia and Casa di Cura Ambrosiana in the 2017–2018 biennium. The service consisted of a twice-weekly nursing visit intended to monitor patient health conditions and to gather data constantly supervised by a geriatrician. The eligible population consisted of the users of San Carlo Hospital Emergency Department (91 individuals). Twenty of these individuals had access to the experimental home-care service. The results show the smaller probability of mortality for the treatment group compared to the control group, but similar probabilities in admissions to ER and in hospitalizations. These findings suggest that health home-care policies could reduce mortality by lessening the negative effects of relational isolation.
Evaluation of regional industrial cluster innovation capability based on particle swarm clustering algorithm and multi-objective optimization
Authors: Yan Yongcai , He Mengxue , Song Lifang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWith the progress of the times and the development of science, industrial clusters have been regarded by all countries in the world as one of the important ways to enhance regional competitiveness, and become an inevitable trend of industrial development. The research on the innovation ability of industrial clusters can not only maintain sustainable development of industrial clusters and obtain sustained competitive advantages, but also provide reference for the government's policy formulation of industrial clusters. This paper aims to study the evaluation of regional industrial clusters' innovation capability based on particle swarm clustering and multi-objective optimization. This paper uses the theory of industrial cluster innovation and takes regional industrial system as the empirical research object to establish a regional industrial system capability evaluation system, which is based on the selection of indicators, combined with analytic hierarchy process and factor analysis to evaluate industrial innovation capability. On this basis, the particle swarm clustering theory is used to verify the innovation ability and evaluation index system of industrial clusters, and provide a reference for the evaluation of the innovation ability of industrial clusters. This paper divides the regional cluster innovation capability into four aspects: innovation input capability, environment support capability, self-development capability and innovation output capability, and systematically analyzes the key elements and in the composition of innovation elements and their relationships. It then constructs the evaluation index system of regional cluster innovation capability. At the same time, this paper introduces clustering analysis algorithm and swarm intelligence algorithm into regional innovation evaluation, combines particle swarm optimization algorithm and K-means clustering algorithm, and optimizes particle swarm clustering algorithm by adjusting adaptive parameters and adding fitness variance. The experimental results of this paper show that from the results of the tested innovation potential of the three industrial clusters, industrial cluster F has the strongest innovation ability, with an evaluation coefficient of 0.851, followed by industrial cluster F, which has a value of 0.623. This result is consistent with the actual innovation status of the selected industry. From this point of view, the established particle swarm clustering model for evaluating the innovation capability of regional industrial clusters is reliable and can be used to evaluate the innovation capability of different industrial clusters.
Rational design of artificial redox-mediating systems toward upgrading photobioelectrocatalysis
Authors: Weliwatte N. Samali , Grattieri Matteo , Minteer Shelley D. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPhotobioelectrocatalysis has recently attracted particular research interest owing to the possibility to achieve sunlight-driven biosynthesis, biosensing, power generation, and other niche applications. However, physiological incompatibilities between biohybrid components lead to poor electrical contact at the biotic-biotic and biotic-abiotic interfaces. Establishing an electrochemical communication between these different interfaces, particularly the biocatalyst-electrode interface, is critical for the performance of the photobioelectrocatalytic system. While different artificial redox mediating approaches spanning across interdisciplinary research fields have been developed in order to electrically wire biohybrid components during bioelectrocatalysis, a systematic understanding on physicochemical modulation of artificial redox mediators is further required. Herein, we review and discuss the use of diffusible redox mediators and redox polymer-based approaches in artificial redox-mediating systems, with a focus on photobioelectrocatalysis. The future possibilities of artificial redox mediator system designs are also discussed within the purview of present needs and existing research breadth.