bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human breast tumor derived endothelial cells exhibit distinct biological properties
Authors: Hegde Mangala , Bhat Sharath Mohan , Guruprasad Kanive Parashiva , Moka Rajasekhar , Ramachandra Lingadakai , Satyamoorthy Kapaettu , Joshi Manjunath B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground InformationExcessive angiogenesis characterized by leaky, tortuous, and chaotic vasculature is one of the hallmarks of cancers and is significantly correlated to poor prognosis. Disorganized angiogenesis leads to poor perfusion of anti‐cancer drugs and limits access to immune cells. Hence, impeding angiogenesis is one of the attractive therapeutic targets to inhibit progression and metastasis in several solid tumors including breast.ResultsWe have developed a robust and reproducible method for isolating and ex vivo culture of endothelial cells (EC) derived from non‐malignant (Endo‐N) and malignant (Endo‐T) part from clinically characterized human breast tumors. RT‐PCR and immunoblotting analysis indicated that these cells exhibited expression of endothelial specific genes such as PECAM‐1 (CD31), Endoglin (CD105), eNOS, VE‐cadherin, VCAM1, and MCAM. Vasculogenic mimicry and contamination of progenitor EC recruited in tumors was ruled out by absence of CD133 expression and normal karyotype. Both the cell types showed stable expression of CD31 and CD105 up to seven passages. Furthermore, compared to Endo‐N cells, Endo‐T cells showed (a) constitutively increased proliferation marked by nearly 36% of cells in mitotic phase, (b) requirement of glutamine for cell survival, (c) pro‐migratory phenotype, (d) produced increased number of sprouts in 3D cultures, and (e) resistance to sorafenib.ConclusionTumor derived EC showed distinct biological properties compared to normal breast EC.SignificanceOur method for isolating endothelial cell types from human breast tumors may be explored to (a) understand cellular and molecular mechanisms, (b) screen anti‐angiogenic molecules, and (c) formulate organoid cultures to develop personalized medicine facilitating better clinical management of breast cancers.
Typology of Indigenous health system governance in Canada
Authors: Marchildon Gregory P. , Lavoie Josée G. , Harrold H. James 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOriginally established as an expression of self‐determination, Indigenous‐governed health systems now play an important role in shaping the delivery of health programs and services in Canada. Operating in very diverse geographic, political and social contexts, these Indigenous health systems are highly heterogeneous. To better understand these differences, a typology is constructed based on three areas of decision‐making space: governance rules, financing and accountability mechanisms. The nature of the relationship and in particular, the degree of control exercised by Indigenous communities over their respective health systems in relation to federal, provincial and territorial governments, is also assessed. The resulting five‐level typology organizes Indigenous health systems into broad and strong control to moderate and narrow control. Although this typology is based on current governance arrangements, it nevertheless presents a baseline for the study of future innovations in Indigenous health systems as well as new types of provincial and territorial government engagement by Indigenous governments and organizations.
The acute effects of milk intake on calcium homeostasis and cardiovascular outcome: A randomized crossover trial in postmenopausal women
Authors: Espersen Rasmus , Rejnmark Lars 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe importance of calcium intake from dairy in regard to cardiovascular health has been investigated in several studies with discrepant results. Hence, we aim to investigate the immediate effects of milk intake on cardiovascular function.DesignA randomized crossover study with at least 10 days for washout between the two interventions, 500 ml of water with 200 µg of cholecalciferol or 500 ml of semi‐skimmed milk containing approximately 600 mg of calcium with 200 µg of cholecalciferol.PatientsTwenty community‐based postmenopausal women aged 60–80 years.MeasurementsParathyroid hormone and ionized calcium were measured at baseline and after 2 and 4 h on each study day. Pulse wave analysis and velocity were measured at baseline and after 4 h on each study day.ResultsCompared to water, milk intake increased ionized calcium levels by 0.02 mmol/L (p = .029) and decreased parathyroid hormone levels by 1.78 pmol/L (p < .001). The two interventions caused no changes as measured 4 h after the intervention in the following indices of cardiovascular health; pulse wave velocity, brachial diastolic or systolic blood pressure, central diastolic or systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, augmentation pressure, augmentation index, heart rate or pulse transit time.ConclusionsDespite significant changes in calcium homeostasis with increased levels of ionized calcium following milk intake, no acute effects seem to occur on measures of cardiovascular health.
Constrictive pericarditis following heart transplantation: Reality or fiction?
Authors: Fadel Bahaa M. , Mahjoub Haifa , Salem Elias J. , Kazzi Brigitte E. , Echahidi Najmeddine , Mohty Dania 
Published: November 2021

AbstractConstrictive pericarditis (CP) is a curable cause of diastolic heart failure with prior cardiac surgery being a recognizable etiology. We report a patient who developed CP one year following heart transplantation. Several clinical and imaging related factors may lead to diagnostic delays in similar patients, including the mistaken belief that transplanted hearts are devoid of pericardium and thus do not develop constriction. Post‐transplantation pericardial effusion, mediastinitis, and cardiac rejection predispose to future CP. Caretakers should consider this entity in allograft recipients who develop heart failure symptoms of unclear etiology.
Muscle magnetic resonance imaging in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1): Refining muscle involvement and implications for clinical trials
Authors: Garibaldi Matteo , Nicoletti Tommaso , Bucci Elisabetta , Fionda Laura , Leonardi Luca , Morino Stefania , Tufano Laura , Alfieri Girolamo , Lauletta Antonio , Merlonghi Gioia , Perna Alessia , Rossi Salvatore , Ricci Enzo , Alonso Perez Jorge , Tartaglione Tommaso , Petrucci Antonio , Pennisi Elena Maria , Salvetti Marco , Cutter Gary , Díaz‐Manera Jordi , Silvestri Gabriella , Antonini Giovanni 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundOnly a few studies have reported muscle imaging data on small cohorts of patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). We aimed to investigate the muscle involvement in a large cohort of patients in order to refine the pattern of muscle involvement, to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of muscle weakness, and to identify potential imaging biomarkers for disease activity and severity.MethodsOne hundred and thirty‐four DM1 patients underwent a cross‐sectional muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study. Short tau inversion recovery (STIR) and T1 sequences in the lower and upper body were analyzed. Fat replacement, muscle atrophy and STIR positivity were evaluated using three different scales. Correlations between MRI scores, clinical features and genetic background were investigated.ResultsThe most frequent pattern of muscle involvement in T1 consisted of fat replacement of the tongue, sternocleidomastoideus, paraspinalis, gluteus minimus, distal quadriceps and gastrocnemius medialis. Degree of fat replacement at MRI correlated with clinical severity and disease duration, but not with CTG expansion. Fat replacement was also detected in milder/asymptomatic patients. More than 80% of patients had STIR‐positive signals in muscles. Most DM1 patients also showed a variable degree of muscle atrophy regardless of MRI signs of fat replacement. A subset of patients (20%) showed a ‘marbled’ muscle appearance.ConclusionsMuscle MRI is a sensitive biomarker of disease severity alsofor the milder spectrum of disease. STIR hyperintensity seems to precede fat replacement in T1. Beyond fat replacement, STIR positivity, muscle atrophy and a ‘marbled’ appearance suggest further mechanisms of muscle wasting and weakness in DM1, representing additional outcome measures and therapeutic targets for forthcoming clinical trials.
A new open‐path eddy covariance method for nitrous oxide and other trace gases that minimizes temperature corrections
Authors: Pan Da , Gelfand Ilya , Tao Lei , Abraha Michael , Sun Kang , Guo Xuehui , Chen Jiquan , Robertson G. Philip , Zondlo Mark A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLow‐power, open‐path gas sensors enable eddy covariance (EC) flux measurements in remote areas without line power. However, open‐path flux measurements are sensitive to fluctuations in air temperature, pressure, and humidity. Laser‐based, open‐path sensors with the needed sensitivity for trace gases like methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are impacted by additional spectroscopic effects. Corrections for these effects, especially those related to temperature fluctuations, often exceed the flux of gases, leading to large uncertainties in the associated fluxes. For example, the density and spectroscopic corrections arising from temperature fluctuations can be one or two orders of magnitude greater than background N2O fluxes. Consequently, measuring background fluxes with laser‐based, open‐path sensors is extremely challenging, particularly for N2O and gases with similar high‐precision requirements. We demonstrate a new laser‐based, open‐path N2O sensor and a general approach applicable to other gases that minimizes temperature‐related corrections for EC flux measurements. The method identifies absorption lines with spectroscopic effects in the opposite direction of density effects from temperature and, thus, density and spectroscopic effects nearly cancel one another. The new open‐path N2O sensor was tested at a corn (Zea maysL.) field in Southwestern Michigan, United States. The sensor had an optimal precision of 0.1 ppbv at 10 Hz and power consumption of 50 W. Field trials showed that temperature‐related corrections were 6% of density corrections, reducing EC random errors by 20‐fold compared to previously examined lines. Measured open‐path N2O EC fluxes showed excellent agreement with those made with static chambers (m = 1.0 ± 0.3;r2 = .96). More generally, we identified absorption lines for CO2and CH4 flux measurements that can reduce the temperature‐related corrections by 10–100 times compared to existing open‐path sensors. The proposed method provides a new direction for future open‐path sensors, facilitating the expansion of accurate EC flux measurements.
Can the digital economy promote FinTech development?
Authors: Chen Xiaohui , Yan Dou , Chen Wen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBased on theoretical analysis and both the digital economy development index and the FinTech development index, we use a time and individual two‐way fixed effects model to study the impact of the digital economy on FinTech, and the mechanism at work. Our results show that the digital economy can promote FinTech development and that this development level will increase by 12.4117 standard deviations each time the development level of the digital economy increases by one standard deviation. The underlying mechanism is that the digital economy augments the level of technological innovation to promote FinTech development; the digital economy enhances the FinTech development level by improving the quality of credit assets. Further research shows that the digital economy's promotion effect on FinTech is heterogeneous, given the proportion of agricultural loans: the higher the proportion of agricultural loans, the lower the digital economy's promotion effect on FinTech.
Can macroprudential policies mitigate pressures from capital inflows on real exchange rates? Empirical evidence from emerging markets
Authors: Cavoli Tony , Gopalan Sasidaran , Rajan Ramkishen S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCan macroprudential policies (MaPs) mitigate the pressures from capital inflows on real exchange rates in emerging markets? We investigate this question empirically for a large panel of emerging markets, factoring in the heterogeneity of capital inflows. Exploiting a comprehensive dataset on MaPs for a panel of 85 countries spanning the time‐period 2000–2017, we empirically examine the association between different types of gross capital flows and real effective exchange rates (REER) and assess whether there is a role for MaPs in influencing that relationship. We find that the imposition of MaPs helps counter REER appreciation only when it results from higher gross portfolio debt inflows. In other words, the moderating impact of MaPs on REER varies by the type of capital flows. We also show that these results hold only for countries with high degrees of financial development, possibly because MaPs work primarily via the financial system and hence there needs to be a reasonable level of financial development for them to be effective.
Identification of a novel tumour microenvironment‐based prognostic biomarker in skin cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Yang Rong‐Hua , Liang Bo , Li Jie‐Hua , Pi Xiao‐Bing , Yu Kai , Xiang Shi‐Jian , Gu Ning , Chen Xiao‐Dong , Zhou Si‐Tong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSkin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is one of the most destructive skin malignancies and has attracted worldwide attention. However, there is a lack of prognostic biomarkers, especially tumour microenvironment (TME)‐based prognostic biomarkers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to investigate the TME in SKCM, as well as to identify efficient biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of SKCM patients. A comprehensive analysis was performed using SKCM samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas and normal samples from Genotype‐Tissue Expression. TME scores were calculated using the ESTIMATE algorithm, and differential TME scores and differentially expressed prognostic genes were successively identified. We further identified more reliable prognostic genes via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis and constructed a prognostic prediction model to predict overall survival. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy, and Cox regression analysis was applied to explore the relationship with clinicopathological characteristics. Finally, we identified a novel prognostic biomarker and conducted a functional enrichment analysis. After considering ESTIMATEScore and tumour purity as differential TME scores, we identified 34 differentially expressed prognostic genes. Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, we identified seven potential prognostic biomarkers (SLC13A5, RBM24, IGHV3OR16‐15, PRSS35, SLC7A10, IGHV1‐69D and IGHV2‐26). Combined with receiver operating characteristic and regression analyses, we determined PRSS35 as a novel TME‐based prognostic biomarker in SKCM, and functional analysis enriched immune‐related cells, functions and signalling pathways. Our study indicated that PRSS35 could act as a potential prognostic biomarker in SKCM by investigating the TME, so as to provide new ideas and insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of SKCM.
The novel use of lauromacrogol: A respective study of ultrasound‐guided sclerosant injection for cesarean scar pregnancy
Authors: Zhu Linling , Gao Jiansong , Yang Xinyun , Qian Liang , Wang Yanjing , Zhang Hongyun , Chen Beibei , Li Dingheng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimTo introduce the novel use of lauromacrogol for cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP), and to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of curettage combined with ultrasound‐guided sclerosant injection (USI) and curettage following uterine artery embolization (UAE) in the treatment of CSP.MethodsCSP patients undergoing curettage combined with USI (n = 72) from December 2014 to May 2020 were compared to patient with curettage following UAE (n = 72).The basic clinical findings and clinical outcomes were reviewed between the two groups.ResultsFor USI group, 69 patients underwent successful treatment (95.8% success rate), while the number of cured patients for the UAE group was 70 (97.2% success rate). Differences between USI group and UAE group in intraoperative blood loss (10.0 [10.0–20.0] vs. 10.0 [10.0–20.0] mL) and time for serum β human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) to reduce to normal (28.0 [21.0–40.0] vs. 28.0 [21.0–35.0] days) were not statistically significant. The hospital stay for USI group was significantly shorter than that for UAE group (4.0 [4.0–6.0] vs. 6.0 [5.0–7.0] days, respectively). Statistically significant decreases were noted in hospitalization expenses and adverse events in USI group, compared to UAE group. There was no difference in live birth rate between the two groups with fertility intentions during the follow‐up.ConclusionFor treatment of CSP, curettage combined with USI yielded clinical results comparable to those of curettage following UAE. Curettage combined with USI was associated with lower hospitalization expenses, shorter hospital stay and less complications, and it merited an effective and safe treatment for CSP.
Solid oral medications' suitability for use in enteral feeding tubes
Authors: Teder Kersti , Jõhvik Liisa , Meos Andres , Saar Marika , Visbek Alesya , Volmer Daisy , Karjagin Juri 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of specific data about the efficacy and safety of medications administered via feeding tubes, although there is a general awareness that not all drug formulations are suitable.Aims and objectivesTo overview the current situation with solid medications administered through feeding tubes in the Tartu University Hospital intensive care units. To evaluate the availability of information on the suitability of drug formulations for administration via feeding tubes.DesignThis was a descriptive retrospective document analysis study.MethodsDuring visits to the intensive care units, medication data for current patients were collected from paper medical charts and nurses. In addition, package information leaflets, summaries of product characteristics, and two practical handbooks were used for evaluating the medicines' suitability for administration via feeding tubes. A request for information was also sent to manufacturers or marketing authorization holders.ResultsIn 3 months, data were collected from 113 intensive care patients' medical charts. A total of 306 medication administrations via feeding tubes were documented and analysed, 67% of which were solid oral dosage forms. Exactly 91.2% of these were conventional tablets. After the analysis of information availability, 88% of the medications were classified as suitable for administration via feeding tubes, but only 48% had the manufacturer‐provided information.ConclusionThis study showed that the information about the suitability of formulations administration through a feeding tube is not readily available for almost half of the medications. The manufacturers seem to have the relevant information, but it is not always added to their medications' official information, putting these patients at higher risk for errors.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis study shows that if there is no clear statement about administration through feeding tubes on official manufacturers' information, this should be sought directly from manufacturers or marketing authorization holders, and the data could be incorporated into local guidelines.
Blameworthiness, desert, and luck
Authors: Berman Mitchell N. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPhilosophers disagree about whether outcome luck can affect an agent's “moral responsibility.” Focusing on responsibility's “negative side,” some maintain, and others deny, that an action's results bear constitutively on how “blameworthy” the actor is, and on how much blame or punishment they “deserve.” Crucially, both sides to the debate assume that an actor's blameworthiness and negative desert are equally affected—or unaffected—by an action's results. This article challenges that previously overlooked assumption, arguing that blameworthiness and desert are distinct moral notions that serve distinct normative functions: blameworthiness serves aliabilityfunction (removing a bar to otherwise impermissible treatments), whereas desert serves afavoringfunction (contributing new value to states of affairs, or providing new reasons for responsive treatments). Having distinguished (negative) desert from blameworthiness, the article proposes a novel resolution to the outcome‐luck debate: that results do not affect an agent's liability to blame, but do affect the amount and severity of blame to which the agent is justly liable, including by affecting the severity of blame that the agent deserves.
Psoriasis and seasonal variation: A systematic review on reports from Northern and Central Europe—Little overall variation but distinctive subsets with improvement in summer or wintertime
Authors: Jensen Kimie Kronberg , Serup Jørgen , Alsing Kasper Køhler 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPositive influence of the sun on psoriasis is a common assumption in dermatology. Other season‐related factors such as mental health may interfere. However, the role of seasonal effects on psoriasis needs to be clarified. This review aims to systematically analyze the literature on seasonal variation on psoriasis with emphasis on Northern and Central Europe representing temperate climate conditions.Materials and methodsEnrolled literature was identified through PubMed, EMBASE, and BIOSIS. An additional manual search of old reports before the introduction of efficient modern therapies, which can interfere with the spontaneous disease, was performed.ResultsThirteen studies were enrolled. About 50% of psoriasis patients were stable and showed no seasonal difference between seasons. Approximately 30% improved in summer, and 20% performed better in winter, some with marked summer worsening. European results matched international reports from different continents and hemispheres with climate extremes. The psychological effects could not be ruled out.ConclusionAbout 50% of psoriasis patients experience a season‐independent disease, however, with a subset of patients who do better in summer. Others again do better in winter, with a few of these having marked worsening in warm periods. Individual season‐related activity records should be paid proper attention to when considering light therapy or climatotherapy as a treatment.