bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a comprehensive mathematical model of the dependence of the performance of front loader attachments on technical condition of hydraulic drive elements
Authors: Golhstein G Y , Pitukhin E A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article presents a comprehensive mathematical model that describes the dependence of the performance of front loader attachments on technical condition of hydraulic drive elements. The mathematical model is implemented as an algorithm for performing calculations of a hydraulic system conditionally consisting of two elements. The main criterion for ensuring high performance is the prime cost of work performed by a front loader to move loads, such as loading loose hay or bales, wood chips, silage, etc. According to the developed method, calculations were performed to implement a deterministic model in the Mathcad system and the acceptable level of performance was determined at lowest prime cost of work performed. Additionally, simulation of the dependence of the prime cost on the nominal level of performance was carried out. The developed comprehensive mathematical model allows us to determine the optimal frequency of replacement or restoration of the first and the second elements of a hydraulic drive according to the criterion of ensuring minimum costs, and, as a consequence, minimizing the prime cost.
Substantiation and calculation of gaps of the separating working bodies of machines for cleaning the tubers
Authors: Bayboboev N G , Goyipov U G , Hamzayev A X , Akbarov Sh B , Tursunov A A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article considers the issue of improving the quality indicators of the separating working bodies of potato harvesting machines by substantiating the clearance of the elevator bars. In connection with these, a probably static analysis is given of the dimensional variation characteristics of potato tubers from tuber measurements, which allows substantiating the rational sizes of the gaps of bar elevators in the design of potato harvesters, taking into account the loss of potato tubers in this or that gap of the bar elevator. It is known that one of the main requirements for the design of potato digging machines is to reduce the rate of loss and damage to the potato tuber without reducing the efficiency of this separation. When harvesting potatoes in the machine, the maximum loss is 3%, the damage is 5%.This study aims to study and minimize the impact of a potato digging machine on a tuber.
Use of centrifugal pumps with canned asynchronous motors in irrigation systems
Authors: Chernykh A G 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In most cases, taking into account the local geology and hydrology, water entering the system of humidified mobile irrigation from underground sources, such as from the depth of artesian wells, has an initial temperature below 12 degrees. Low temperature of irrigation water adversely affects the growth and absorption activity of plant roots, and the life of microorganisms, impairing the supply of plants with nutrients, mainly nitrogen. As a result, the use of water from aquifers in irrigation systems requires its preliminary settling in barrels or special storage ponds. Given that the water from the well rises to the surface using a pump (group of pumps), the choice of the type of pumping unit has a significant impact on the structure and composition of the equipment of the irrigation plant. The paper shows the features of using special-shaped centrifugal pumps in terms of increasing the water temperature at the outlet of the pumping unit due to its indirect heating in the design elements of the pump drive motor. Using the heat balance equation for the secondary conductive shells of the pump motor, the interval values of the water temperature at its outlet are calculated, proving the possibility of its further use for its intended purpose in the irrigation system without additional technical water treatment.
Study of efficiency of feeding fodder bioproduct based on seedlings of hydroponic greens in quail diets
Authors: Petenko A I , Aniskina M V , Gneush A N , Danilova A A , Yurin D A , Yurina N A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
An environmentally friendly and cost-effective method of grain germination for fodder purposes with content of probiotic strains has been developed. A cost-effective scheme of application of fodder bioproduct in diets for quail is proposed. The results of studies can be used to increase the productivity and safety of agricultural poultry, reduce the incidence rate and obtain high-quality products. When examining the product at various dosages in the scientific and economic experience, the best result was obtained by administering it at a dose of 2% to the weight of compound feed. The introduction of the product at this dose increased the live weight of quails by 8.6%, increased their safety by 5% and reduced feed consumption by 15.1%.
Wear resistance of the main friction pairs of serial and upgraded plate type vacuum pumps
Authors: Zakharin A V , Lebedev A T , Pavlyuk R V , Lebedev P A , Iskenderov R R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Plate type vacuum pumps are used in various industries and agriculture due to their high specific efficiency and simple design. The disadvantage of this type of pump is a low inter-repair resource, which is caused by an increase in internal gas flows due to wear of the main friction pair “cast iron-textolite”. To modernize the design of a plate-type vacuum pump, the authors proposed using an anti-friction material PTFE, and as a result, replacing the main friction pair “cast iron-textolite” with friction pairs “cast iron-PTFE” and “textolite - PTFE”. Therefore, this article presents the results of a comparative experiment to determine the wear resistance of friction pairs of a serial and upgraded pump. Analysis of the experiment results showed that the “cast iron-PTFE” and “textolite-PTFE” friction pairs are more wear-resistant when changing the speed of relative movement and pressure in the contact zone than the “cast iron-textolite” friction pair, but they are more demanding to the presence of abrasive in the contact zone. The use of PTFE material is promising as a material for the surfaces of friction pairs of vacuum pumps. However, it requires protection measures and cleaning of the contact zone from wear products of the pump friction pairs themselves and the abrasive coming from the pumped medium.
Modeling the dispensing process for chopped stalk fodder
Authors: Globin A N , Krasnov I N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Optimization of the parameters of mechanized processes of dosed delivery of crushed stalk fodder is given, which required the development of programs for modeling these technological processes with a quantitative assessment of the functional indicator of the quality of their implementation. This made it possible to substantiate the solutions of technological processes that ensure their implementation within the specified requirements. The use of a KTU-10A fodder dispenser and a stalk fodder dispenser for dispensing stalk fodder in production lines allows reducing the unevenness of the dispensed fodder flow by 3.6 times compared to using the KTU-10A fodder dispenser. It is advisable to accept the following kinematic parameters of the working bodies of the batcher: rotation frequency of the conveyor drive drum n = 120 min-1; the circumferential speed of movement of the ends of the fingers of the scraping drum is 1.8 m/s with a drum diameter D = 0.68 m; the maximum installation height of the stripping drum above the conveyor belt h = 0.3 m; conveyor belt width b = 0.6 m; power for the batcher drive is 1.5 kW, which ensures uneven delivery of ±5%. The dispenser provides a stable dosing of roughage (with a minimum mass flow rate of 0.2 kg/animal) in accordance with zootechnical requirements.
Experimental studies to identify ultraviolet radiation impact on tomato seeds ‘Rozoviy Novichok” seeding quality
Authors: Ponomareva N E , Stepanchuk G V , Gracheva N N , Yudaev I V , Yakovenko N N , Rudenko N B 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, organic farming is one of the innovative directions for the development of agricultural production. Its implementation is based on the principles of not using chemically synthesized fertilizers and plant protection products, but applying natural organic substances and creating conditions identical to the ones for natural plants growth. The most popular in this case are physical effects based on the conversion of electrical energy including conversion into light energy. It is well known that the use of optical radiation of the required intensity and duration makes it possible to stimulate intracellular processes in the seed and the plant itself. Such influencing factors primarily include ultraviolet radiation. Experimental studies to research the effect of pre-sowing treatment of tomato seeds “Rozoviy novichok” with radiation with a wavelength of 302, 313, 334 and 365 nm, exposure dose of 48; 72; 96 and 120 W s/m2 and a treatment time of 60 seconds revealed a positive effect. The highest germination of seeds, lengths of shoots and seed roots as well as the diameter of the stem and the dry weight of stems, leaves and roots were obtained at the indicated values of the wavelength and radiation dose. It should also be noted that at these values of the wavelength and radiation dose, the height of the seedlings is minimal, which means that the seedlings will be more stocky, and their survival rate will be maximum. This approach enables to formulate requirements for the design and development of a specialized electrotechnical installation for pre-sowing stimulation of such vegetable crops as tomatoes.
Balance of heat flows in autonomous bio-vegetation complex as basis for its design
Authors: Yudaev I V , Popov M Yu , Seregin A A , Popova R V , Daus Yu V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Economic assessment, analysis and forecast of developing organic farming for the next ten years indicates the rapid growth of technologies for greenhouse vegetable growing in Russia. These positive trends are supported by factors such as worsening epidemiological situation in the world due to COVID-19 and transition to self-isolation of the majority of population, which requires providing healthy green products for a functional purpose. It is the need to strengthen the immune system that makes people consume vegetable products in accordance with the recommendations for rational consumption of vegetables that meet modern requirements for a healthy diet. To effectively solve the problem and in connection with the limitation of the imported products supply, the most rational solution is to modernize our domestic production of functional vegetable crops. The design of modern small-scale cultivation facilities makes it possible to ensure food security of various segments of the population living in any part of the Russian Federation. The structure autonomy and energy-saving technologies enable to operate the bio-vegetation complex all year round without being connected to an external power system. This is achieved due to the rational distribution of energy flows in the complex itself, and enables to efficiently operate it all the year round without serious additional financial costs for energy supply in the cold season. The paper presents energy-saving solutions and describes a thermophysical model of energy flows movement being an indispensable element in the design of such structures.
Investigation of infrared drying of carrot chips
Authors: Ochirov V D , Altukhov I V , Bykova S M , Tsuglenok N V 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe work investigates the process of making chips from carrot root crops. Now fruit and vegetable chips are very popular due to their high concentration of nutrients which significantly increases the calorie content, biological value and assimilation of the product. The lowered moisture content provides the chips with good preservation of concentrates for a long time. Experimental studies were carried out on an experimental infrared drying plant, developed by the staff of the Department of Power Supply and Heat Power Engineering of Irkutsk State Agrarian University. Drying of carrots was carried out in an oscillating mode “heating - cooling” which allows intensifying the drying process and shortening its duration. Recording results on the change in weight and size of carrot slices along the length was carried out every ten minutes. Based on the data taken it was done graphs of the relative mass dependence from the time of infrared drying and we presented the results of studies on the shrinkage of chips.
The advanced rational process flowsheets for cropping spiked cereals
Authors: Maslov G G , Palapin A V , Yudina E M , Ushakov D A , Samurganov G E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The highly-effective process flowsheets for cropping spiked cereals have been proposed, representing the operation sequence and cycle performed, interconnected with the effective operations technical support, supported by highly productive technical-economic indicators. Cultivation sheets are based on many years of research in machine technologies for grain crop cultivation, a scientifically grounded farming system, working knowledge of serial equipment design features produced by the machine-building industry in Russia and the Republic of Belarus, as well as the climatic conditions of the Krasnodar Krai. The proposed process flowsheets consider a new scientific direction for the creation of multifunctional machine units that perform several types of farming operations in one pass through the field, due to which high efficiency is ensured. A labor productivity doubles in field husbandry, a metal consumption in production process performance is reduced 1.3 times, an energy consumption – 1.6 times compared to the basic process flowsheets for grain farming, contributing to the growth of the product competitiveness.
Determination of balanced plow movement for diamond plowing
Authors: Chupin P V , Golovin A Yu , Soyunov A S , Kirasirov O M , Kuzmin D E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Wider furrow of the diamond-shaped plow bottom allows the energy-intensive tractor to move with right wheels along it and due to it to shift the line of plow traction to the right, unloads side support and reduces the traction resistance of the plow. Replacing field boards on all plow bottoms with common field board, installed on the last plow bottom, changes the application place of the balancing reaction of the furrow side and its size as a result the plough traction resistance changes. In vertical plane of the projections, this corresponds to displacement of the friction force of field board along the action line. The diamond-shaped plow bottom as a result of other form of the cut slice, the application place of resultant soil pressure moved in the horizontal plane closer to the tip of the ploughshare in comparison with the ordinary plow bottom. The investigated diamond-shaped plow bottom is mounted on the tractor according to the two-point scheme with horizontal projection of the central traction through attachment point of the lower traction to the tractor. When considering the scheme of the plough with similar field boards on all bottoms (production), we will represent it with one field board on the medium plow bottom that facilitates theoretical analysis. Efforts are considered as the stationary random time functions and statistic method based on the theories of stationary random processes are used for studying dynamic objects under their influence.
Comparative analysis of operation indicators of flat sieve vibrating in horizontal plane
Authors: Golovin A Yu , Chupin P V , Soyunov A S , Prokopov S P , Abdylmanova R H 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Possible ways to develop the sieves of cleaning machines due to indicators improvements, increasing the quality of separation are presented. Sieve vibration modes in the horizontal plane applied to the sieve-cleaning machine are considered. Regularities of the grain separation process of the flat sieves vibrating in the horizontal plane are also presented. The dependences between grain material parameters and the uniform seed distribution over the sieve area with different directions of sieve vibrations are given. It is revealed that the complication of law results of sieves vibrations increases the probability of the sieve hole that particle are entering which allows one to increase the quality of grain heap separation, thereby significantly affecting the performance of the grain machine. Circular vibrations of punching sieves with the holes set at an angle to the direction of gathering to produce grain movement on the cycloid relative to the sieve surface and spin on its axis relative to the sieve hole. This movement of grain improves the quality of its separation from weeds.
Production potential in sunflower cultivation
Authors: Belikina A V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Sunflower oilseed production is a profitable activity for agricultural enterprises. Volgograd region specific natural and climatic conditions for growing oilseeds and a developed material and technical base. The share of oilseeds in the production of crop products is about 20%. Comparable national and world prices for sunflower oilseeds, we will determine the competitiveness of oilseeds, applying the OECD methodology, that in the Volgograd region the equality coefficient is 0.62, which means that agricultural producers sell their products at lower prices than prices than traders in foreign food markets [3,6]. In the open market, the domestic producer will be non-competitive foreign [12]). One of the ways to increase the competitiveness of oilseeds produced in the region will be the rational use of production potential. Economy is studied in modern economic conditions by foreign and domestic agricultural scientists [1, 13]. It was determined that the results of the statistical analysis of the average yield of sunflower according to the data of 23 favourable crops. The model included the following production factors: capital supply, energy efficiency, tractor supply, labour productivity, soil score, which influence their competitiveness. It has been established that the most influential factors of the production factor are the soil and climatic conditions of the region, strategic (y controlled) factor - productivity, depending on the level of technological development of production.
Justification of parameters of asymmetric flat-cutting paws with a bionic approach
Authors: Babitsky L F , Sobolevsky I V , Kuklin V A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article presents the methods and results of bionic modeling in agricultural mechanics, which made it possible to substantiate models of the working bodies of asymmetric flat-cutting paws adapted to the soil environment using the simulation of the burrowing foot of the common dung beetle (Geotrupes stercorarius). The solution of problems of improving the shapes of flat-cutting working bodies is proposed on the basis of the use of a mechanic-bionic approach, which allows analytically describe the geometric shape of their blade and rational values of oscillations in the horizontal plane. The experimental model of the working body with asymmetric flat-cutting paws reduces the traction resistance by 8 … 12%, in comparison with the serial model CFA-3.8. This is ensured by the optimal ratio of the working widths of the left and right flat-cutting knives, which ensure the stability of the course in depth and in the horizontal plane with the best agricultural performance.
Resource-saving grain husking technology
Authors: Nevzorov V N , Matskevich I V , Salykhov D V , Bezyazikov D S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper presents technical solutions aimed at increasing the efficiency of the technological process of grain seed husking by the method of step-by-step removal of fruit and seed coats. For grain seeds, it is not required to perform calibration. The author resource-saving technology and new equipment are described. They involve a multi-stage effect on grain seeds by changing the working technological gap created by the lined elastic material of the inner surface of the body and rotating movable husking hemispheres lined with elastic material, combined into one unit of patented technological equipment. A comparison of the developed resource-saving technology with the technology used for the active action of an abrasive tool by stripping fruit and seed casings is carried out. Key technical solutions were identified. They increase the production efficiency of using a multi-stage process of husking grain seeds by 14%, reduce energy consumption by reducing the amount of equipment used for calibrating seeds by 15%, reduce the amount of waste in the form of bran with a multi-stage resource-saving effect of lined elastic materials for fruit and seed casings by 18%, and increase the yield of uncrushed hulled grain to 91%. The technical devices developed are intended for implementation schemes for processing grain seeds by micro and small farms. The use of the resource-saving technology reduces the cost of grain seed husking by 8-10%, depending on the variety of grain seeds.
Nutrients digestibility and productivity of lactating cows consuming energy supplements
Authors: Sycheva L V , Yunusova O Yu , Pastukhov S V , Popov A N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article provides the data of the scientific and economic experience in studying the influence of energy supplements included in the diet of lactating cows of black-motley breed during milking time on digestibility of basic nutrients and milk production. During the research period all experimental animals were kept in the same conditions corresponding to zoohygienic parameters. The differences were the following: in addition to the main silage consisting of alfalfa haylage, grass silage, grain turf and salt the animals of the experimental group I received “Cow Energy” supplement in a dose of 200 g/animal unit/per day; the animals of the experimental group II – “Ketostop-El” energy supplement at a dose of 200 g/animal unit/per day. Both supplements are of Russian production. Animals of the control group had only the main diet. Only clinically healthy animals participated in the experiment. It was found that the inclusion of energy supplements into the diet of lactating cows of the experimental groups compared with the ones of the control group during the milking period led to an improvement of the dry matter digestibility by 1.15–2.02 %, organic matter – by 0.92–2.19 %, raw protein – by 1.79–2.31 %, crude fat – by 1.88–2.35 %, crude fiber – by 0.80–1.88 % and nitrogen-free extractives – by 2.15–2.94 %. Also, it contributed to an increase in milk productivity and an increase in the qualitative composition of milk.
Wastewater treatment from agricultural enterprises using sprinkler irrigation and utilizing sludge as a fertilizer
Authors: Ovchinnikov A S , Denisova M A , Bocharnikova O V , Bocharnikov V S , Kuznetsova N V , Kuznetsov Yu V , Repenko T V , Meshcheryakov M P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article presents the studies of a sorption-mechanical filter with a combined loading of zeolite and activated charcoal. As a result of the study, the sorption properties of this load in relation to the chemical elements in the wastewater were studied. The experiment showed that the optimal filtration time was 12 hours, and during the chemical analysis, data were obtained on reducing the concentration of impurities to the maximum permissible. Therefore, the use of sewage sludge makes it possible to use it as fertilizer. We propose the introduction of mineral fertilizers (activated sludge) with irrigation water on irrigated crop rotation areas using sprinkler irrigation. The implementation of the above measures will make it possible, with great economic effect, to completely utilize the sludge from the treatment facilities of agricultural enterprises as fertilizer, which indicates great opportunities to use this method of treatment in the national economy.