bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hen-Day Egg Production and Qualitative Egg Indices in Laying Hens Administered with Lycopene and Vitamin E During the Hot-Dry Season
Authors: Obidi Joseph Ayodele , Ayo Joseph Olusegun , Rekwot Peter Ibrahim , Onyeanusi Barth Izuchukwu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of lycopene and vitamin E, administered individually and in combination, on laying hens during the hot-dry season. The dry-and wet-bulb temperature were recorded daily from 06:00–18:00 h during the 5-week experimental period. Daily and weekly hen-day egg productions, egg weight, eggshell thickness and eggshell weight were determined using standard procedures. The dry-bulb temperature (23.0°C – 39.0°C) and temperature - heat index (24.4°C − 35.0°C) recorded show that the hens were subjected to heat stress during the season. Egg production in the laying hens in lycopene (62.4 ± 1.1 %), vitamin E (62.1 ± 1.2%) and lycopene + vitamin E (62.7 ± 1.0 %) groups were higher (P < 0.05) than in controls (56.0 ± 0.8%). Eggshell was thickest in lycopene + vitamin E group (0.28 ± 0.02 mm), compared to lycopene (0.23 ± 0.02 mm) and vitamin E group (0.22 ± 0.02 mm). The thickness was lowest (P < 0.05) in control hens (0.18 ± 0.02 mm), compared to any other group. Similarly, control laying hens recorded the least (P < 0.05) in eggshell weight (6.7 ± 0.02 g), compared to the weights recorded in lycopene + vitamin E, lycopene and vitamin E groups (7.3 ± 0.24 g, 7.3 ± 0.3 g and 7.2 ± 0.3 g, respectively). In conclusion, lycopene and vitamin E ameliorated the risk of adverse effects of heat stress by increasing hen-day production, eggshell weight and eggshell thickness during the hot-dry season.
Safety and Efficacy of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery in Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Pneumonectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Qi Kai , Zeng Weibiao , Zheng Li , Chen Xianglai , Song Chao , Peng Jinhua , Luo Guiping , Liu Xinliang , Ma Haiping , Zhang Jing , Jianjun Xu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The ERAS program has been widely used in thoracic surgery, but its effectiveness and safety in patients undergoing minimally invasive pneumonectomy remains uncertain.Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Science Direct for studies published through April 5, 2021, that compared the Safety and Efficacy of ERAS versus conventional care after minimally invasive pneumonectomy. Outcome data, including length of stay, overall morbidity, and pulmonary complications, were extracted by two independent investigators and analyzed using STATA 15.1 software.Results: 9 studies representing 2,332 patients were eligible for our analysis. Compared to conventional care, patients receiving an ERAS program had a shorter hospital stay (SMD=-0.51, 95％CI: -0.77to-0.24), particularly postoperative hospital stay (SMD=-0.76, 95％CI: -1.07to-0.46), and lower incidence rates of overall complications (OR= 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64-0.97) and pulmonary complications (OR= 0.51, 95%CI: 0.34-0.77), and bore less hospitalization costs (SMD=-0.39, 95％CI：-0.52 to -0.25). But there was no difference in the frequency of readmission (OR=0.91, 95%CI: 0.57-1.45) and 30-day mortality (OR=0.50, 95％CI: 0.13-2.00) between patients accepting ERAS versus conventional care. In subgroup analysis, the incidence of overall complications in ERAS patients only undergoing minimally invasive lobectomy or segmentectomy was significantly lower versus non-ERAS individuals (OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.50-0.89). But this difference was not statistically significant when compared to all ERAS patients (OR=0.93, 95%CI: 0.69-1.25).Conclusion: ERAS is safe and effective in patients receiving minimally invasive pneumonectomy. Stronger evidence from large-sample, multicenter RCTs of ERAS following pneumonectomy is needed for better efficacy assessment.
Arabidopsis GELP7 is plasma membrane-localized acetyl xylan esterase, and its overexpression improves saccharification efficiency.
Authors: Rastogi Lavi , Chaudhari Aniket Anant , Sharma Raunak , Pawar Prashant 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Acetyl substitution on the xylan chain is critical for stable interaction with cellulose and other cell wall polymers in the secondary cell wall. Xylan acetylation pattern is governed by Golgi and extracellular localized acetyl xylan esterase (AXE). We investigated the role of Arabidopsis clade Id from the GDSL esterase/lipase or GELP family in polysaccharide deacetylation. The investigation of the AtGELP7 T-DNA mutant line showed a decrease in stem esterase activity and an increase in stem acetyl content. We further generated overexpressor AtGELP7 transgenic lines, and these lines showed a decrease in xylan acetylation in comparison with wild type plants. Therefore, we have named this enzyme as AtAXE1. The subcellular localization studies showed that the AtAXE1 enzyme is secreted out, associated with the plasma membrane and involved in xylan de-esterification post-synthesis. The cellulose digestibility was improved in AtAXE1 overexpressor lines without pre-treatment, after alkali and xylanases pre-treatment. Furthermore, we have also established that the AtGELP7 gene is upregulated in the overexpressor line of AtMYB46, which is a secondary cell wall specific transcription factor. This transcriptional regulation can drive AtGELP7 or AtAXE1 to perform de-esterification of xylan in a tissue-specific manner.
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter Assessment Used As a Non-Invasive Tool To Dynamically Monitor Intracranial Pressure
Authors: Wu Guo-Biao , Tian Jun , Liu Xiao-Bing , Wang Zhi-Yong , Guo Jian-Ying 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to detect whether optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) can be used to dynamically monitor intracranial pressure (ICP). Methods: Adult patients being monitored for invasive ICP on day one after hospital admission were included. For each patient, ONSD was first measured in the supine position, then at the 30° head-up position. The dynamic test was conducted in 16 patients. The ONSD was measured in the supine position once a day for three continuous days (day one to day three after admission).Results: The ONSD and ICP values obtained in the supine position on admission were strongly correlated (r of 0.799). When patients changed their position from supine to the 30° head-up position, the ICP and ONSD values decreased correspondingly. However, the change in ICP did not correlate well with the change in ONSD (r of 0.358). In the dynamic test, a good agreement between ICP and ONSD only existed in three (18.75%) patients. In addition, three patients had completely different profiles for ICP and ONSD.Conclusions: The results suggest that the changes in ONSD and ICP values were not correlated well after dynamic observation. Measurement of ONSD may not be a suitable tool to dynamically monitor ICP.
The Global, Regional, and National Burden and Trends of Infective Endocarditis From 1990 to 2019: Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Chen Huilong , Zhan Yuan , Zhang Kaimin , Gao Yiping , Chen Liyuan , Zhan Juan , Chen Zirui , Zeng Zhilin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: To compare and interpret the infective endocarditis (IE) burden and temporal trends globally and in different regions from 1990 to 2019. Methods: Data on the incidences, deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of IE were extracted and analysed from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.Results: Globally, the number of IE cases and deaths has increased sharply during the past thirty years, and both presented an upward temporal trend annually. However, the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) of age-standardized DALYs demonstrated a negative temporal trend despite increasing DALYs. Moreover, graver IE burden was prone to males and aged patients. Meanwhile, different social-demographic index (SDI) regions had different disease burdens, and correlation analyses indicated that SDI presented a positive association with ASIR, no association with ASDR, and a negative association with age-standardized DALYs. Finally, we discovered positive associations of the EAPC of ASRs with the SDI in 2019 but few associations with the ASIR in 1990.Conclusion: Generally, the global burden of IE is ever increasing, and the epidemiology presents substantial heterogeneity in different genders, ages and regions, which may help policy-makers and medical staff respond to IE and formulate cost-effective interventional measures.
WITHDRAWN: An Adaptive Fuzzy Neural Network Based on Progressive Gaussian Approximate Filter with Variable Step Size
Authors: Zhu Guorui 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The nonlinear filtering problem is a hot spot in robot navigation research. Based on this idea, I focus on how to resolve the nonlinear filtering problem in the application of tightly coupled integration under the premise of the prior uncertainty and further promote robustness high measurement accuracy. In order to improve the estimation accuracy of the progressive Gaussian approximate filter with variable step size(PGAFVS), this paper selects the optimal values in practical applications and proposed an adaptive fuzzy and neural network controller. The controller, as well as the measurement noise covariance matrix, is jointly estimated based on the PGAF, from which the PGAFVS is developed. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the state of the art methods.
Two Public-Key Cryptosystems Based on Expanded Gabidulin Codes
Authors: Guo Wenshuo , Fu Fang-Wei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper presents two public-key cryptosystems based on the so-called expanded Gabidulin codes, which are constructed by expanding Gabidulin codes over the base field. Exploiting the fast decoder of Gabidulin codes, we propose an efficient algorithm to decode these new codes when the noise vector satisfies a certain condition. Additionally, these new codes have an excellent error-correcting capability because of the optimality of their parent Gabidulin codes. Based on different masking techniques, we give two encryption schemes by using expanded Gabidulin codes in the McEliece setting. According to our analysis, these two cryptosystems can both resist the existing structural attacks. Furthermore, our proposals also have an obvious advantage in public-key representation without using the cyclic or quasi-cyclic structure compared to some other code-based cryptosystems. To achieve the security of 256 bits, for instance, a public-key size of 37005 bytes is enough for our first proposal, while around 1044992 bytes are needed for Classic McEliece selected as a candidate of the third round of the NIST PQC project.
Clonal Spread of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in a Region, China
Authors: Yin Changfu , Yang Weiwei , Lv Yuanpeng , Zhao Peng , Wang Jiansheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The increasing number of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) has become a serious problem globally. This study aimed to elucidate their geographically epidemiological characteristics.
Results
A total of 930 phenotypically confirmed carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) isolates collected from 19 hospitals were genotypically characterised. K.pneumoniae (KP) and E.coli isolates were 785 (85.14%) and 96 (10.41%) among 922 CPE isolates. Two major carbapenemase genes KPC-2 and NDM in CPE isolates accounted for 84.6% (n = 780) and 13.77% (n = 127). ST11 comprised 86.83% (633/729) of KPC-2 KP isolates. The wzi typing method could further subdivide ST11 KP group into at least five subgroups, among which wzi209 (69.83%, 442/633) was the most frequently isolated, followed by wzi141 (25.28%, 160/633). Conjugation assays showed that high conjugation rates were observed in CPE (15.24%, 32/210) for NDM plasmids, but relatively low (8.1%, 17/210) for KPC-2 plasmids. No associations between the rates of antibiotics consumption and CPE prevalence were observed. The number of intra-hospital and inter-hospital transfers of CPE patients increased gradually from 18 (17.82%, 101) and 12 (11.88%, 101) in 2015 to 63 (30.73%, 205) and 51 (24.88%, 205) in 2018 (p = 0.016 and p = 0.008), respectively. Evidence-based measures could effectively reduce the prevalence of ST11-wzi209 clone but failed to control the dissemination of ST11-wzi141 KP clone.
Conclusions
Clonal spread of CPE, especially KPC-2 ST11 KP was the key factor contributing to the CPE increase in the region. Continued vigilance for the importations should be maintained. Coordinated regional interventions are urgently needed to reduce CPE threat.
Paenibacillus Sinensis sp. nov., a Nitrogen-fixing Species Isolated from Plant Rhizospheres
Authors: Li Qin , Li Yashi , Liu Xiaomeng , Chen San-Feng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Two strains HN-1T and 39 were isolated from rhizospheres of different plants grown in different regions of PR China. The two strains exhibited high nitrogenase activities and possessed almost identical 16S rRNA gene sequences. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between the two strains were 99.9 and 93.8% respectively, suggesting that they belong to one species. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strains HN-1T and 39 are the members of the genus Paenibacillus and both strains exhibited 99.5% similarity to Paenibacillus stellifer DSM 14472T and the both strains represented a separate lineage from all other Paenibacillus species. However, the ANI of type strain HN-1T with P. stellifer DSM 14472T was 90.69, which was below the recommended threshold value (< 95–96% ANI). The dDDH showed 42.1% relatedness between strain HN-1T and P. stellifer DSM 14472T, which was lower than the recommended threshold value (dDDH < 70%). The strain HN-1T contain anteiso-C15:0 as major fatty acids and MK-7 as predominant isoprenoid quinone. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, four aminophospholipids and an unidentified glycolipid. Unlike the most closely related P. stellifer DSM 14472T, strain HN-1T or 39 was positive for catalase reaction. Distinct phenotypic and genomic characterisations from previously described taxa support the classification of strains HN-1T or 39 as representatives of a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus sinensis is proposed, with type strains HN-1T (= CGMCC 1.18902, JCM 34620), and reference strain 39 (= CGMCC 1.18879, JCM 34616), respectively.
“I Always Prefer To Withdraw Than Use A Condom”: A Phenomenological Study of Condomless Sexual Practice Among International Students in Sydney
Authors: Okeke Sylvester Reuben 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background:
Incidence and prevalence of blood-borne viruses and sexually transmissible infections among young people continue to necessitate population-based studies to understand how contextualised sexual health services can be developed and implemented to promote protective behaviours such as consistent condom use. This study examined condomless sexual practice among a sample of East Asian and sub-Saharan African international university students in Sydney, Australia.
Methods:
This phenomenological qualitative study involved face-to-face and telephone semi-structured in-depth interviews with 20 international students from various universities in Sydney. The interview sessions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded using NVivo and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.
Results:
Condomless sexual practices appear to be common among the study group based on participants’ self-reports and social practices of friends and peers. Themes describing contexts where condomless sex occur among the participants are classified into three: (1) unanticipated sex, condom related stigma and alcohol use (2) pleasure-seeking, curiosity and intimacy (3) condomless sex as a gendered practice.
Conclusions:
The results of this study add to growing evidence for multi-layered and population-specific sexual health services for international students from traditional sexual cultures.
Predictive Model of Chemotherapy-induced Myelosuppression for Patients With Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Zheng Ziming , Zhang Qilin , Han Yong , Wu Tingting , Zhang Yu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The influential factors of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in esophageal cancer in central China are unclear. This study aimed to develop a model for prediction of incidence of myelosuppression during chemotherapy among patients with esophageal cancer. Methods: A total of 1446 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent five different chemotherapy regimens between 2013 and 2020 at our institute were randomly assigned in a 7:3 ratio to training and validation data sets. Clinical and drug-related variables were used to develop the prediction model from the training data set by the machine learning method of random forest. Finally, this model were tested in the validation data set.Results: The prediction model were established with 16 indispensable variables selected from 46 variables. The model obtained an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.883 and accompanied by prediction accuracy of 80.0%, sensitivity of 77.8% and specificity of 81.8%. Conclusion: This new prediction model showed excellent predictive ability of incidence of myelosuppression in turn providing preventative measures for patients with esophageal cancer during chemotherapy.Trial registration: This study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics board of the Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (retrospectively registered No. 2018S333). This study was performed in accordance with the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE).
Top-Emitting 940-nm Thin-film VCSELs Transferred Onto Aluminum Heatsinks
Authors: Moon Sunghyun , Yun Yeojun , Lee Minhyung , Kim Donghwan , Choi Wonjin , Lee Jaejin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Thin-film vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) mounted onto heatsinks open up the way toward low-power consumption and high-power operation, enabling them to be widely used for energy saving high-speed optical data communication and three-dimensional sensor applications. There are two conventional VCSEL polarity structures: p-on-n and n-on-p polarity. The former is more preferably used owing to the reduced series resistance of n-type bottom distributed Bragg reflection (DBR) as well as the lower defect densities of n-type GaAs substrates. In this study, the p-on-n structures of thin-film VCSELs, including an etch stop layer and a highly n-doped GaAs ohmic layer, were epitaxially grown in upright order by using low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (LP-MOCVD). The p-on-n structures of thin-film VCSELs were transferred onto an aluminum heatsink via a double-transfer technique, allowing the top-emitting thin-film VCSELs to keep the p-on-n polarity with the removal of the GaAs substrate. The threshold current (Ith) and voltage (Vth) of the fabricated top-emitting thin-film VCSELs were 1 mA and 2.8 V, respectively. The optical power was 7.7 mW at a rollover point of 16.1 mA.
Potential Biomarkers of Colon Adenocarcinoma Based on Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis
Authors: Cui Zhongze , He Shuang , Wen Feifei , Xu Xiaoyang , Li Yangyang , Lu Lizhen , Wu Shuhua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Although a large number of studies have elucidated the aetiology of colorectal cancer, the exact mechanism of colorectal cancer development remains to be determined.To identify key modules and prognostic genes that may be involved in the occurrence and development of COAD, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential expression analysis were performed on datasets GSE41657 and GSE74602 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to screen for prognostic differentially expressed genes. Gene expression profiles and clinical information were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for verification.Results: Through WGCNA and DEGs analysis, 439 genes in key functional modules were obtained, and 26 prognostic related genes were finally obtained through prognostic analysis: (1) We screened 5 genes（RPP40, DUSP18, PPRC1, MFSD11 and PDCD11） that have not been studied in COAD.（2）We obtained the most critical module in the occurrence and development of colon cancer and obtained one prognosis-related gene, NUP85, from the most critical module.The relationship between it and tumor immune microenvironment was verified.（3） A prognostic model comprising four coexpressed differential genes was constructed; TIMP1, PMM2, E2F3 and MORC2 were selected as the key prognosis-related genes.Conclusions: （1）As new biomarkers，prognostic genes RPP40, DUSP18, PPRC1, MFSD11 and PDCD11 may be potential therapeutic targets for COAD, and provide new ideas for future research on the mechanism of COAD. （2）NUP85 may be an immune-related gene which was negatively correlated with CD4+ T cell and M2 macrophagesthat plays an important role in inhibiting the occurrence and development of colorectal adenocarcinoma. （3）A Cox proportional risk model based on gene expression can be used to predict the prognosis and survival time of patients with colon cancer.
Controlling for Background Genetic Effects Using Polygenic Scores Improves the Power of Genome-wide Association Studies
Authors: Bennett Declan , O'Shea Dónal , Ferguson John , Morris Derek , Seoighe Cathal 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Ongoing increases in the size of human genotype and phenotype collections offer the promise of improved understanding of the genetics of complex diseases. In addition to the biological insights that can be gained from the nature of the variants that contribute to the genetic component of complex trait variability, these data bring forward the prospect of predicting complex traits and the risk of complex genetic diseases from genotype data. Here we show that advances in phenotype prediction can be applied to improve the power of genome-wide association studies. We demonstrate a simple and efficient method to model genetic background effects using polygenic scores derived from SNPs that are not on the same chromosome as the target SNP. Using simulated and real data we found that this can result in a substantial increase in the number of variants passing genome-wide significance thresholds. This increase in power to detect trait-associated variants also translates into an increase in the accuracy with which the resulting polygenic score predicts the phenotype from genotype data. Our results suggest that advances in methods for phenotype prediction can be exploited to improve the control of background genetic effects, leading to more accurate GWAS results and further improvements in phenotype prediction.