bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limitation and Recommendation for Rice Cultivation on the Problem Soils in the Southern Region of Vietnam
Authors: Minh Vo Quang , Khoa Le Van , Tri Le Quang , Vu Pham Thanh , Du Thai Thanh 
Published: May 2021

Background: Soil degradation is the factor causing crops yield decline in the Southern region of Vietnam. Since the recommendations for limitation of soil constraints will consult the proper problem soil management. Methods: The soil limitation identified based on soil chemistry, physics and morphology properties, suggested by Sanchez et al (1998 and 2003). Soil data of 28 field experiments were analysed. Result: There were 25 rice soil fertility classes, among those, CC (clay in top and subsoil) and CCs (clay in top and subsoil, saline affected) types occupied in large areas. The major soil limitation for rice cultivation including soils low in % organic carbon (o); high in P fixation and high Fe toxicity potential (i); potential salinity (s-); low available P (p); low pH and high Al (a); actual acid sulphate soils (c, c-) potential acid sulphate soils (f, f-). The leaching soil toxicity, application of N, P, K fertilizers and organic matter were recommended.
UJI KETAHANAN SUMP PIT WEST DENGAN SIMULASIWATER BALANCE PADA PT ADARO INDONESIA DI KABUPATEN TABALONG, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Hernan Andrew Carnegie , Triantoro Agus , Mustofa Adip 
Published: May 2021

Rencana proses in pit dump pada kegiatan penambangan yang terletak di front penambangan menyebabkan sump yang lama akan ditutup serta dialihkan sehingga perlu dilakukan perencanaan untuk sump yang baru. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, sistem penyaliran yang digunakan PT Adaro Indonesia adalah sistem mine dewatering.Dalam penelitian ini, metode analisis yang digunakan untuk menentukan uji ketahanan sump di tambang terbuka dengan menggunakan simulasi waterbalance. Penelitian ini diawali dengan penentuan curah hujan rencana yang menggunakan metode distribusi gumbel, untuk menentukan catchment area menggunakan software Surfer 11. Setelah didapatkan curah hujan rencana dan catchment area maka dapat ditentukan jumlah air yang masuk ke dalam sump. Setelah itu dicari kapasitas sump yang direncanakan perusahaan dengan menggunakan software autocad untuk dilakukan analisis dengan menggunakan durasi hujan maksimum sebesar 6,42 jam.Hasil analisis dari penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa sump yang direncanakan sangat mampu menampung jumlah air yang masuk. Baik tanpa maupun dengan pompa, sehingga penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi mengenai batas critical level aman dengan melakukan simulasi pada elevasi 13 dan 12, maka setelah dilakukan simulasi maka pada elevasi 12 mampu untuk menampung hujan di durasi 6,42 jam. Kata kunci: mine dewatering, catchment area, sump, critical level
Diagnostic Utility of a Novel Point-of-Care Test of Calprotectin for Periprosthetic Joint Infection After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Warren Jared , Anis Hiba K. , Bowers Kathleen , Pannu Tejbir , Villa Jesus , Klika Alison K. , Colon-Franco Jessica , Piuzzi Nicolas S. , Higuera Carlos A. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Despite several synovial fluid biomarkers for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) having been investigated, point-of-care (POC) tests using these biomarkers are not widely available. Synovial calprotectin has recently been reported to effectively exclude the diagnosis of PJI. Thus, the objective of this study was to test the value of a calprotectin POC test for PJI diagnosis in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using the 2013 Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) PJI diagnosis criteria as the gold standard.

Methods:
Synovial fluid samples were prospectively collected from 123 patients who underwent revision TKA at 2 institutions within the same health-care system from October 2018 to January 2020. The study was conducted under institutional review board approval. Data collection comprised demographic, clinical, and laboratory data in compliance with the MSIS criteria. Synovial fluid samples were analyzed by calprotectin POC tests in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Revisions were categorized as septic or aseptic using MSIS criteria by 2 independent reviewers blinded to the calprotectin results. Calprotectin test performance characteristics with sensitivities, specificities, positive predictive values, negative predictive values, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated for 2 different PJI diagnosis scenarios: (1) a threshold of ≥50 mg/L, and (2) a threshold of ≥14 mg/L.

Results:
According to the MSIS criteria, 53 revision TKAs were septic and 70 revision TKAs were aseptic. In the ≥50-mg/mL threshold scenario, the calprotectin POC performance showed a sensitivity of 98.1%, a specificity of 95.7%, a positive predictive value of 94.5%, a negative predictive value of 98.5%, and an AUC of 0.969. In the ≥14-mg/mL threshold scenario, the sensitivity was 98.1%, the specificity was 87.1%, the positive predictive value was 85.2%, the negative predictive value was 98.4%, and the AUC was 0.926.

Conclusions:
The calprotectin POC test has excellent PJI diagnostic characteristics, including high sensitivity and specificity in patients undergoing revision TKA. This test could be effectively implemented as a rule-out test. However, further investigations with larger cohorts are necessary to validate these results.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Pre-Mississippian Stratigraphic Architecture of the Porcupine Shear Zone, Yukon and Alaska, and Significance in the Evolution of Northern Laurentia
Authors: Faehnrich Karol , McClelland William C. , Colpron Maurice , Nutt Charlotte L. , Miller Rebecca S. , Trembath Matthew , Strauss Justin V. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe origin and displacement history of terranes emplaced along the northern margin of North America remain contentious. One of these terranes is the North Slope subterrane of the Arctic Alaska-Chukotka microplate, which is separated from the northwestern margin of Laurentia (Yukon block) by the Porcupine Shear Zone of Alaska and Yukon. Here, we present new field observations, geological mapping, detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology, and sedimentary/igneous geochemistry to elucidate the stratigraphic architecture of deformed pre-Mississippian rocks exposed within the Porcupine Shear Zone, which we distinguish herein as the newly defined Ch’oodeenjìk succession. The oldest rocks in the Ch’oodeenjìk succession consist of siliciclastic strata of the Lahchah and Sunaghun formations (new names), which yield detrital zircon U-Pb age populations of ca. 1050-1250, 1350-1450, 1600-1650, and 2500-2800 Ma (n =800). This succession is overlain by chert-bearing dolostone and limestone of the Caribou Bar formation (new name) that contains vase-shaped microfossils and yields carbonate carbon (δ13Ccarb) and strontium (87Sr/86Sr) isotopic data that range from ca. -3‰ to +3‰ and 0.70636 to 0.70714, respectively. These data suggest that Lahchah, Sunaghun, and Caribou Bar formations are late Tonian in age. These Neoproterozoic rocks are intruded by Late Devonian (Frasnian-Famennian) felsic plutons and mafic dikes, one of which yielded a sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe-reverse geometry (SHRIMP-RG) U-Pb age of 380 ± 4 Ma. Neoproterozoic strata of the Ch’oodeenjìk succession are also unconformably overlain by Upper Devonian-Carboniferous (?) siliciclastic rocks of the Darcy Creek formation (new name), which yields detrital zircon populations of ca. 365–385, 420-470 and 625-835 Ma, in addition to Proterozoic age populations similar to the underlying Tonian strata. Together, these new stratigraphic, geochronological, geochemical, and micropaleontological data indicate that pre-Mississippian rocks exposed within the Porcupine Shear Zone most likely represent a peri-Laurentian crustal fragment that differs from the adjacent Yukon block and North Slope subterrane; thus, the Porcupine Shear Zone represents a fundamental tectonic boundary separating autochthonous Laurentia from various accreted peri-Laurentian crustal fragments.
Srinivasania Sundarbanensisgen. et sp. nov., a New Agglutinated Benthic Foraminifer from the World's Largest Mangrove Ecoregion, the Sundarbans, India
Authors: Kaushik Tushar , Ghosh Anupam , M Thirumalai , Das Ishita 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTWe describe Srinivasania sundarbanensis n. gen. et sp. nov., a multichambered textulariid foraminifer from the world's largest mangrove ecosystem, the Sundarbans, India. The new genus has an agglutinated wall structure, planispirally coiled test, and a single high-arched equatorial aperture located at the base of the final chamber with a narrow, agglutinated lip and with morphological similarity to the genera GobbettiaDhillon, 1968, and HaplophragmoidesCushman, 1910. Phylogenetic analyses, using partial small subunit rRNA gene, partial large subunit rRNA gene, and concatenated (LSU+SSU) sequence data clearly show the placement of this new taxon among other textulariid foraminifers, distant from all other genera in a strongly supported clade. In the new genus and species, the test is discoidal, measuring 100 to 350 µm in diameter with six to seven chambers in the final whorl. Elemental characterization (SEM-EDS) of the agglutinated test wall reveals a preference for quartz grains (SiO2) to construct its test. It is a common species and is presently known only from the northern marsh environments of Indian Sundarbans.
ULI-NChIP assay protocol
Authors: Meng Tie-Gang , Zhou Qian , Ma Xue-Shan , Liu Xiao-Yu , Meng Qing-Ren , Huang Xian-Ju , Liu Hong-Lin , Lei Wen-Long , Zhao Zheng-Hui , Ouyang Ying-Chun , Hou Yi , Schatten Heide , Ou Xiang-Hong , Wang Zhen-Bo , Gao Shao-Rong , Sun Qing-Yuan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This protocol presents ULI-NChIP-seq (ultra-low-input micrococcal nuclease-based native ChIP-seq) assay to generate high quality and complexity genome-wide histone mark profiles from rare oocytes andembryos populations. The procedure of ULI-NChIP-seq assay typically consists of five parts including Binding antibodies to magnatic beads, Chromatin shearing and nuclear membrane solubilization, Magnetic immunoprecipitation, Washes and DNA isolation. Sample preparation involves to remove the zona Pellucida of oocyte and polar body to avoid the genomic contamination of polar bodies.
COVseq is a cost-effective workflow for mass-scale SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance
Authors: Simonetti Michele , Zhang Ning , Harbers Luuk , Milia Maria Grazia , Brossa Silvia , Nguyen Thi Thu Huong , Cerruti Francesco , Berrino Enrico , Sapino Anna , Bienko Magda , Sottile Antonino , Ghisetti Valeria , Crosetto Nicola 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
While mass-scale vaccination campaigns are ongoing worldwide, genomic surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical to monitor the emergence and global spread of viral variants of concern (VOC). Here, we present a streamlined workflow—COVseq—which can be used to generate highly multiplexed sequencing libraries compatible with Illumina platforms from hundreds of SARS-CoV-2 samples in parallel, in a rapid and cost-effective manner. We benchmarked COVseq against a standard library preparation method (NEBNext) on 29 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples, reaching 95.4% of concordance between single-nucleotide variants detected by both methods. Application of COVseq to 245 additional SARS-CoV-2 positive samples demonstrated the ability of the method to reliably detect emergent VOC as well as its compatibility with downstream phylogenetic analyses. A cost analysis showed that COVseq could be used to sequence thousands of samples at less than 15 USD per sample, including library preparation and sequencing costs. We conclude that COVseq is a versatile and scalable method that is immediately applicable for SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance and easily adaptable to other pathogens such as influenza viruses.
Sorption, Desorption and Mobility of Microencapsulated Chlorpyrifos in Two Typical Soils
Authors: Chen Liezhong , Li Yanli , Wang Ting , Yu Yunlong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The sorption, desorption, and mobility of microencapsulated chlorpyrifos (CPF-MC) in two typical soils, namely, silt loam and sandy, were investigated in this study. Sorption/desorption experiments were carried out by using the batch equilibration method. Results showed that the sorption isotherms of CPF-MC and emulsifiable concentrate of chlorpyrifos (CPF-EC) in silt loamy soil were similar. However, a considerable difference was observed in the sorption isotherms of two chlorpyrifos (CPF) formulations in sandy soil. The amounts of CPF desorbed from two soils in four desorption steps decreased sequentially in CPF-EC treatments, while the desorbed amounts remained stable in CPF-MC treatments. Hence, the sorption/desorption processes of CPF-EC were mainly controlled by soil affinity to CPF. However, these processes of CPF-MC were affected by the release rate of CPF from capsules. The mobility of two CPF formulations in soil were estimated in vertical columns packed with soils. Results showed that there was leaching of CPF-EC in silt loam column, whereas CPF-MC was not vertically mobile in silt loam column under the same leaching conditions. However, in column with sandy soil, the percentage of CPF-MC leaching from the column was 86.54%, which was higher than the 73.75% that leached from the column in the treatment with CPF-EC.
A new approach for static NOx measurement in Periodic Technical Inspection
Authors: Cáceres Eugenio Fernández , Delgado Alicia Valero , López Juan José Alba , Bielsa Abel Ortego 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
NOx emissions in vehicles are currently only controlled through the homologation process. There is a lack of knowledge to reliably assess and control real NOx emissions of vehicles, because although vehicles in EU-27 are subject to PTI (Periodic Technical Inspection), NOx are not among the pollutants currently being controlled. In this paper, a new approach for measuring NOx in PTI is proposed. At PTIs, a test needs to be simple, quick, inexpensive, representative, and accurate. To that end, it needs to be carried out under static conditions, so no power bench or complex equipment is required. The method shown in this paper has been developed and validated at a PTI Spanish station, to ensure feasibility and repeatability. This method is based on the relationship between % engine load and exhaust NOx concentration at idle engine speed. The quality and representativity of this relationship have been checked with a p-value lower than 0.01. The method has been compared with a different NOx measurement technique based on the simulation on a test bench and the ASM 20–50 cycle. The achieved quality and repeatability of the new approach shows that it could be a useful tool to be applied in PTI for detecting high NOx emitting vehicles and get information from the diesel vehicles fleet.
Tracing historical changes, degradation, and original sources of airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Jilin Province, China, by Abies holophylla and Pinus tabuliformis needle leaves
Authors: Wang Zhao , Jin Xiangzi , Kaw Han Yeong , Fatima Zakia , Quinto Maurizio , Zhou John L. , Jin Dongri , He Miao , Li Donghao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Due to their wide distribution and availability, plant leaves can be considered interesting candidates as biomonitoring substrates for the evaluation of atmospheric pollution. In addition, some species can also retain historical information, for example, related to environmental pollution, due to their leaf class age. In this study, the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Abies holophylla and Pinus tabuliformis needle samples in function of their class age has been investigated to obtain information regarding the degradation constant for each PAH under investigation (α values ranging from 0.173 to 1.870) and to evaluate the possibility to correlate the presence of PAHs in needles with some important pollution environmental factors. Considering air pollutant variables registered in Jilin Province, significant correlations (at 95% confidence level) have been found between coal consumption per year and anthracene contents in needles, while fluorene, phenanthrene, and anthracene resulted correlated with coal consumption. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the total PAH concentration in needles, for both species, increased with their age (from 804 to 3604 ng g− 1 dry weight), showing a general tendency to accumulate these substances through years. PAH degradation rates increased instead with molecular complexity. This study could be considered a first trial to obtain historical environmental information by pine needles biomonitoring.
Coupled NEGF-PSO Method for Maximizing the Current Ratio of CNTFETs Based on Oxide Thickness Optimization
Authors: Raeini Amin Ghasemi Nejad , Kordrostami Zoheir , Hamedi Samaneh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) with optimized oxide thicknesses have been proposed. The optimum oxide thickness that provides the maximum current ratio (on/off ratio) has been calculated for each design. The effect of oxide thickness on the on/off ratio has been investigated by changing its value as the independent variable and calculating on state and off state currents. PSO algorithm has been used to find the exact optimum value of the oxide thickness with the objective of having a maximum current ratio that is one of the most important parameters in switching applications. The optimum insulator thickness is calculated for CNTFETs with different chiral vectors, insulator types, channel lengths and source/drain doping levels. For further study of the CNTFETs, performance parameters such as cutoff frequency and transconductance of the devices have also been calculated and studied. The results of the paper show that the CNTFET designers should select the oxide thickness very carefully not only based on reported values in other works. Each design requires its own optimum oxide thickness which provides the maximum on/off current ratio only for that design.
Case Characteristics, Clinical Data, And Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients In Qom Province, Iran: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Pourhoseingholi Mohamad Amin , Yousefi Hosein , Manesh Hassan Fatemi , Motahaver Nima Najafian , Heydari Zahra , Looha Mehdi Azizmohammad , Taraghikhah Nazanin , Yazdi Maryam , Salami Zahra , Moallemi Elmira , Adeli Seyed Hasan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dates back to December 2019 in China. Iran has been one of the most virus inflicted countries. The aim of this study was to report demographics, signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, therapeutic approaches, and outcomes. This observational cohort study was performed from 20th February 2020 to 20th July 2020. Patients’ information was recorded in their medical files. Multivariable analysis was performed to assess demographics, signs and symptoms, paraclinical data, treatments, outcomes of disease, and finding the risk factors of death subject to COVID-19. Of all 2468 participants, the mean age was 57.9±17.6 years and 56.8% of patients were male. The most significant comorbidities were seen among those who have Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus. 14.42% were admitted to ICU, and 17.2% died in hospital. The significant risk factors of death were ageing, male gender, HTN, CHF, CVA, CKD, increasing ESR, PT, WBC, liver function tests, and decreasing Oxygen saturation. Incontinent results in the case of COVID-19 outcomes and death-related risk factors attribute to marked differences in demographics and health care systems. The patients with hazardous risk factors must be detected urgently and monitored closely to save more lives.
DMWAS: Deep &amp; Machine learning omics Wide Association Study &amp; Feature set optimization by clustering &amp; univariate association for Biomarkers discovery as tested on GTEx pilot dataset for death due to heart-attack
Authors: Singh Abhishek N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Univariate and multivariate methods for association of the genomic variations with the end-or-endo phenotype have been widely used for genome wide association studies. In addition to encoding the SNPs, we advocate usage of clustering as a novel method to encode the structural variations, SVs, in genomes, such as the deletions and insertions polymorphism (DIPs), Copy Number Variations (CNVs), translocation, inversion, etc., that can be used as an independent feature variable value for downstream computation by artificial intelligence methods to predict the endo-or-end phenotype. We introduce a clustering based encoding scheme for structural variations and omics based analysis. We conducted a complete all genomic variants association with the phenotype using deep learning and other machine learning techniques, though other methods such as genetic algorithm can also be applied. Applying this encoding of SVs and one-hot encoding of SNPs on GTEx V7 pilot DNA variation dataset, we were able to get high accuracy using various methods of DMWAS, and particularly found logistic regression to work the best for death due to heart-attack (MHHRTATT) phenotype. The genomic variants acting as feature sets were then arranged in descending order of power of impact on the disease or trait phenotype, which we call optimization and that also uses top univariate association into account. Variant Id P1_M_061510_3_402_P at chromosome 3 & position 192063195 was found to be most highly associated to MHHRTATT. We present here the top ten optimized genomic variant feature set for the MHHRTATT phenotypic cause of death.
Experimental And Numerical Studies of Shrinkage and Sink Marks On Injection Molded Polymer Gears
Authors: Solanki Bikram , Singh Hapreet , Sheorey Tanuja 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Injection molding is an efficient and most economical process employed for the mass production of plastic gears and helps to reduce the processing time and cost required to produce the desired geometry. However, significant process and product qualification of plastic gears face the shrinkage and sink marks issues during cooling and after ejection. In present work, the best gate locations and flow resistance analysis along with a polypropylene (PP) were carried out using Autodesk Moldflow Insight 2019.05. The numerical and experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effect of packing pressure, packing time, and melt temperature on diametric shrinkage, mass, and sink marks of PP gear. The results show that by increasing packing pressure and packing time, the diametric shrinkage decreased but mass increased. However, as the melt temperature increased the diametric shrinkage also increased but the mass decreased. The minimum diametric shrinkage of 0.562% was found in numerical analysis and 1.619% found in an experimental analysis at the same injection molding process parameters. Mostly, the sink marks were observed in the gear surface between hub and dedendum circle.