bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The precursors of C8 alcohols from soybean: Purification, distribution and hydrolysis properties of glycosidically bound volatiles
Authors: Feng Xiaoxiao , Hua Yufei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractC8 alcohols, such as 1‐octen‐3‐ol and 3‐octanol, have been variously described as mushroom, musty or earthy and are common volatile compounds of soymilk. C8 alcohols were the major volatiles formed during soybean soaking, and about 95% of the total C8 alcohols were originated from the enzymatic hydrolysis of glycosides of alcohols in soybean hypocotyls. In addition to 1‐octen‐3‐yl β‐primeveroside, a new glycoside was purified from the methanol extracts of soybean hypocotyls and were confirmed as 3‐octanyl β‐primeverosides by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The crude glycosidase extracted from soybean hypocotyls showed much higher hydrolysis activities toward C8 alcohol β‐primeverosides than that of almond β‐glycosidase. Besides, increasing nonenzymatic hydrolysis was observed when the purified β‐primeverosides were heated at pH values lower than 6. The nonenzymatic hydrolysis activation energies (Ea) were 30.41 kJ/mol and 38.08 kJ/mol for 1‐octen‐3‐yl β‐primeveroside and 3‐octanyl β‐primeveroside, respectively. In addition to C8 alcohols, nonenzymatic hydrolysis also resulted in the formation of 2,3‐octanedione, 3‐hydroxy‐2‐octanone and 3‐octanone. The nonenzymatic hydrolysis of β‐primeverosides in the soy milk was also studied under the same conditions as those in the model systems. The degree of hydrolysis was similar but the molar yields of the volatile components were lower than those obtained in the model system.Practical ApplicationThe results indicated that a different strategy or technology is required to suppress the formation of C8 alcohols than that applied to off‐flavor compounds formed de novo during processing of soybean seeds.
‘For the Owner I Am Convinced Has Neither Much Taste or Genius’: Jemima Marchioness Grey's Accounts of the Gardens at Stowe and Hagley
Authors: Hubberstey Jemima 
Published: December 2021

AbstractJemima Marchioness Grey (1722‐1797) was an avid country‐house tourist in the mid‐eighteenth century, and her accounts offer a key insight into emerging debates around garden design and the picturesque. This article will explore Grey's engagement with garden theory through her contrasting accounts of Stowe in Buckinghamshire and Hagley Hall in Worcestershire, arguing that her insights can enrich our understanding of emerging discourses and showcase the way in which women can provide some of the most enlightening accounts that frame them.
Hysterectomy after uterus transplantation and detailed analyses of graft failures
Authors: Karlsson Camilla C. , Dahm‐Kähler Pernilla , Kvarnström Niclas , Mölne Johan , Broecker Verena , Brännström Mats 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe first live birth after uterus transplantation occurred in Sweden in 2014. Uterus transplantation has repeatedly, and at many centers worldwide, proven to be a feasible treatment for absolute uterine factor infertility. Hysterectomy in live donors and transplantation are well described in numerous reports. However, there are no reports of hysterectomy in the recipient after uterus transplantation, which will occur at either graft failure, after childbirth, or after numerous failed pregnancy attempts. We present the first report of hysterectomy in recipients after uterus transplantation with detailed analyses of findings in conjunction with graft failures.Material and MethodsAn analysis of recipient hysterectomies (n = 10), performed in 2012–2020, was conducted. Data from the international uterus transplantation registry (ISUTx registry) were extracted, and medical records were systematically reviewed, to collect and compile characteristics of recipients and donors, as well as pre‐, per‐, and postoperative data, including clinical course of graft failures.ResultsHysterectomy in recipients was performed in conjunction with cesarean section (n = 3), 3–6 months after cesarean section (n = 3), or after failed pregnancy attempts (n = 1) or graft failure (n = 3). The durations of anesthesia (2 h 36 min to 7 h 35 min) and hysterectomy surgery (1 h 42 min to 5 h 52 min) ranged widely, with long perioperative interruptions for insertion of ureteral catheters in two cases. Adhesions to the uterus were abundant, the majority being mild. Three uteri that subsequently showed graft failure (hysterectomy at 1, 3, and 8 months post transplantation) showed histological signs of ischemia in biopsies taken 1‐week post‐transplant and early signs of central hypoperfusion by Doppler ultrasound. In these graft failure explants, there were no epithelial linings in the uterine cavity or in the cervix. The inner uterine wall was severely ischemic and/or necrotic, whereas outer parts were partly viable. There were signs of moderate atherosclerosis of uterine arteries but no rejection. Mild postoperative complications were frequent (6/10), with one supravaginal hematoma requiring surgical drainage.ConclusionsHysterectomy after uterus transplantation is a complex and time‐consuming procedure, and perioperative ureteral catheters may be helpful. Histopathology of early cervical biopsies showing ischemic signs may indicate subsequent irreversible damage, leading to graft failure.
Sustained low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol <70 mg/dl is associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes in the clinical setting
Authors: Sánchez‐Bacaicoa Carmen , Galán Javier , Guijarro Carlos , Rico‐Martín Sergio , Monreal Manuel , Calderón‐García Julián F. , Aguilar‐Cortés Eduardo , Sánchez Muñoz‐Torrero Juan F. ,   for FRENA Investigators
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsClinical trials have shown that intensive low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) lowering improves cardiovascular outcomes among patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), but data are limited in real clinical practice, particularly for patients with ASCVD informing different territories.MethodsFRENA was a prospective registry of consecutive outpatients with coronary, cerebrovascular or peripheral artery disease. We compared the incidence of recurrent events in patients with sustained LDL‐C levels <70 mg/dl compared with those with ≥70 mg/dl.ResultsAs of December 2018, 1182 patients were eligible for this study. Among them, 172 (14.5%) had mean LDL‐C levels ≤70 mg/dl, and 1010 (85.5%) had <70 mg/dl. Their clinical characteristics at baseline were similar. During 5 years of follow‐up, 252 patients (21%) suffered major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The incidence rates of MACE were 3.42 events per 100 patient‐years (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2.17–5.14) in patients with levels <70 mg/dl and 5.57 (95% CI, 4.87–6.34) in those with ≥70 mg/dl; the rate ratio was 0.61 (95% CI, 0.39–0.92), p = 0.019. On multivariable analysis, patients with LDL‐C levels <70 mg/dl were at lower risk for MACE (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.61 [95% CI, 0.39–0.93] p < 0.05). MACE reduction was driven by a decrease in coronary and peripheral events with no significant effect on stroke.ConclusionsLong‐term sustained LDL‐C <70 mg/dl in the clinical practice is associated with reduction in cardiovascular and peripheral vascular events with no apparent effect on stroke.
Safety concerns on the abuse potential of esketamine: Multidimensional analysis of a new anti‐depressive drug on the market
Authors: Baudot Jules , Soeiro Thomas , Tambon Marine , Navarro Nicolas , Veyrac Gwenaëlle , Mezaache Salim , Micallef Joëlle 
Published: December 2021

AbstractProminent features of esketamine (e.g., similar mechanism of action as ketamine and target population) require to be vigilant regarding its benefits/risks balance and its risks of abuse in real‐life settings. The aim of this study was to review all available pharmacological and clinical data to assess the abuse potential of esketamine shortly after its marketing. This multidimensional study is a quantitative and qualitative analysis of complementary data sources, ranging from preauthorization data (i.e., fundamental pharmacology and clinical trials) to real‐life settings data (i.e., pharmacovigilance databases and web forums). According to esketamine pharmacology, its psychoactive effects play a role both in its therapeutic effect and its abuse potential. Only one out of the three short‐term efficacy trials found a significant difference between esketamine and placebo in treatment‐resistant depression. Beside adverse events that may be sought for abuse purpose (e.g., dissociation, sedation, euphoric mood, hallucination, feeling drunk, and derealization), clinical signs related to substance use disorder (e.g., tolerance, withdrawal syndrome, and drug dependence) and misuse (e.g., off‐label use) were also identified in pharmacovigilance databases. Analysis of pharmacovigilance narratives and web forums showed that esketamine psychoactive effects are appreciated by some patients, while they are badly experienced by others. Strict compliance with the market authorization, close monitoring of patients by psychiatrists, and surveillance of any signs of misuse, abuse, or dependence must be part of any treatment course.
Utility of TG/HDL‐c ratio as a predictor of mortality and cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis: A systematic review
Authors: Gonzáles‐Rubianes Diana Zolans , Figueroa‐Osorio Liz Katerin , Benites‐Zapata Vicente A. , Pacheco‐Mendoza Josmel , Herrera‐Añazco Percy 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe triglyceride/high‐density cholesterol‐lipoprotein (TG/HDL‐c) is a biomarker of cardiovascular events and mortality. In hemodialysis patients, the evidence is controversial. A systematic review was carried out in the Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Pubmed databases to identify the relevant cohort studies on cardiovascular events and mortality in hemodialysis patients the role of TG/HDL‐c as a risk factor. Four cohort‐type studies were evaluated, with a total of 52,579 hemodialysis patients. Three studies conducted in Asian populations and one study in the United States had the highest percentage of the sample (50,673 patients). The elevated TG/HDL‐c ratio is associated with better survival, and there is a consistent gradual inverse association between TG/HDL‐c and mortality in all analysis subgroups. In the decile categorization of the exposure variable, a 21% decrease in the risk of cardiovascular mortality and a 15% decrease in all‐cause mortality in the highest decile compared to the reference group (D10 aHR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.69–0.91 and D10 aHR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.78–0.92). Our results show that the TG/HDL‐c ratio is a protective factor for cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in the American population and a risk factor for them in the population from Asia.
Life‐threatening alkalosis from baking soda pica in an end stage renal disease hemodialysis patient
Authors: Sarwal Amara , Kim Susan , Gnanasekaran Isaiarasi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSevere metabolic alkalosis is rarely seen in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on long‐term hemodialysis. This can be life threatening and mortality is exponentially increased when the pH exceeds 7.60. Persistent vomiting, ingestion of alkali for dyspepsia and pica behavior are all potential causes of such severe metabolic alkalosis. The prevalence of pica is increased in chronic kidney disease and ESRD patients, with ice being the most commonly ingested substance. It can cause a myriad of complications including death, but the diagnosis may be elusive unless the pica behavior is witnessed firsthand by others since patients do not typically disclose their behavior. We present the case of a hemodialysis patient with severe alkalemia, hypernatremia, and excessive interdialytic weight gains resulting in recurrent hospitalizations for fluid overload due to baking soda pica behavior.
Experiences of nurse educators facilitating and teaching in an international setting
Authors: Richter Solina , Sullivan Ginger , Urindwanayo Desire , Kelly Isabelle 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundMultiple studies focus on the experiences of visiting students from high resource regions that participated in clinical placements in lower resource countries but less focus on the experiences of the educators accompanying students.AimThe purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of educators during an international clinical placement of nursing students in a country in West Africa.MethodsWe implemented a focussed ethnographic design. We purposively sampled educators who accompanied students on an international clinical placement. Data collection from 2018 to 2019 consisted of in‐depth individual interviews. We utilized Roper and Shapira's (2000, 10.4135/9781483328294.) data analysis process, which includes coding keywords, identifying patterns and theorizing.FindingsThree themes emerged from the data: rewards in accompanying students, challenges experienced and the need for mentoring and continuous support. Educators found it rewarding to see growth in students, how students developed as global citizens, how students developed critical thinking and problem‐solving skills and create lifelong friendships.ConclusionEducators who accompany nursing students to international clinical placement experience valuable learning and challenging issues. Educators must navigate, support and advance student learning when on an international placement. It is crucial to have adequate institutional support from both the home and host country.
Outcomes of posterior wall isolation with pulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Jankelson Lior , Garber Leonid , Shulman Eric , Cohen Roi Bar , Peterson Connor , Wadhwani Lalit , Nadeau‐Routhier Charles , Xia Yuhe , Barbhaiya Chirag , Holmes Douglas , Knotts Robert , Bernstein Scott , Kushnir Alexander , Spinelli Michael , Park David , Aizer Anthony , Chinitz Larry 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionPrior studies have shown that addition of posterior wall isolation (PWI) may reduce atrial fibrillation recurrence in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation. No data on PWI in paroxysmal AF (pAF) patients with normal left atrial voltage is available, to date.ObjectiveThis study sought to evaluate the efficacy of PWI in addition to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients presenting with pAF and normal left atrial voltage.MethodsConsecutive patient registry analysis was performed on all patients with pAF and normal left atrial voltage undergoing initial radiofrequency ablation from November 1, 2018 to November 15, 2019. Primary endpoint was recurrence of atrial arrhythmia including AF, atrial tachycardia (AT), or atrial flutter (AFL).ResultsA total of 321 patients were studied, 214 in the PVI group and 107 in the PWI + PVI group. Recurrence of any atrial arrhythmia occurred in 18.2% of patients in the PVI group and 16.8% in the PVI + PWI cohort (p = 0.58). At 1 year, recurrence was 14.0% in the PVI group and 15.0% in the PWI + PVI group (p = 0.96). There was a lower AT/AFL recurrence in the PVI + PWI group, not reaching significance (3.7% in the PWI + PVI group vs. 7.9% in PVI group, p = 0.31). Need for carina lesions predicted recurrence in the PVI‐only group.ConclusionsAddition of PWI to PVI in pAF patients undergoing their first ablation did not reduce the frequency of atrial arrhythmia recurrence. This warrants further study in a prospective trial.
Thailand guideline 2020 for medical management of gastroesophageal reflux disease
Authors: Maneerattanaporn Monthira , Pittayanon Rapat , Patcharatrakul Tanisa , Bunchorntavakul Chalermrat , Sirinthornpanya Siam , Pitisuttithum Panyavee , Sudcharoen Asawin , Kaosombatwattana Uayporn , Tangvoraphongchai Kawin , Chaikomin Reawika , Harinwan Kamin , Techathuvanan Karjpong , Jandee Sawangpong , Kijdamrongthum Phuripong , Tangaroonsanti Anupong , Rattanakovit Kulthep , Chirapongsathorn Sakkarin , Gonlachanvit Sutep , Surangsrirat Surapol , Werawatganon Duangporn , Chunlertrith Kitti , Mahachai Varocha , Leelakusolvong Somchai , Piyanirun Wanich 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most prevalent and bothersome functional gastrointestinal disorders worldwide, including in Thailand. After a decade of the first Thailand GERD guideline, physician and gastroenterologist encountered substantially increase of patients with GERD. Many of them are complicated case and refractory to standard treatment. Concurrently, the evolution of clinical characteristics as well as the progression of investigations and treatment have developed and changed tremendously. As a member of Association of Southeast Asian Nations, which are developing countries, we considered that the counterbalance between advancement and sufficient economy is essential in taking care of patients with GERD. We gather physicians from university hospitals, as well as internist and general practitioners who served in rural area, to make a consensus in this updated version of GERD guideline focusing in medical management of GERD. This clinical practice guideline was constructed adhering with standard procedure. We categorized the guideline in to four parts including definition, investigation, treatment, and long‐term follow up. We anticipate that this guideline would improve physicians' proficiency and help direct readers to choose investigations and treatments in patients with GERD wisely. Moreover, we wish that this guideline would be applicable in countries with limited resources as well.
Monetary Policy, Inflation, and Rational Asset Price Bubbles
Authors: IKEDA DAISUKE 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInflation has tended to be moderate during stock market booms in many countries. To explain the pattern and study optimal monetary policy in such a situation, this paper develops a dynamic model with rational bubbles and nominal rigidities. The model features a financial cost channel through which the shadow cost of borrowing affects marginal costs. A bubble‐led boom mitigates firms' borrowing constraints and keeps inflation from rising by decreasing the shadow cost. In this situation, Ramsey‐optimal monetary policy calls for tightening to curb the boom. Strict inflation targeting is counterproductive in the short run as it exacerbates the boom. For obtaining these results, the financial cost channel and nominal wage rigidity are essential.
Clinical accuracy and agreement between tympanic and forehead body temperature measurements for screening of patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Sharif Nia Hamid , Chong Pei Pei , Yiong Huak Chan , Gorgulu Ozkan , Taghipour Behzad , Sivarajan Froelicher Erika , Pahlevan Sharif Saeed , Rahmatpour Pardis 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate the accuracy, reliability and agreement between infrared forehead thermometers versus infrared tympanic thermometers temperature, a cross‐sectional study was conducted in April 2020.MethodsThe forehead and tympanic temperatures of 615 subjects were measured simultaneously in three exposed SARS‐COV‐2 groups at one hospital in Iran, during April 2020. These comparisons were evaluated by Bland–Altman Plot, repeatability, Passing–Bablok regression and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was done to describe the discrimination accuracy of a diagnostic test. The study adhered to STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies.ResultsA Bland–Altman plot indicated that the limits of agreement between the forehead and tympanic temperature were −0.259 to +0.19°C. Passing–Bablok regression analysis illustrated that the infrared forehead was not linearly related to tympanic temperatures (reference method), with a slope estimate that was significantly different from 1.00. The infrared forehead thermometer showed poor precision and lower accuracy than the tympanic. The forehead temperature readings had 60.0% sensitivity and 44.4% specificity (p > .05) to predict disease.ConclusionAccording to the results of study, there is no evidence that the assessment of temperature by infrared forehead thermometer could discriminate between the two groups (positive and negative).
Chemomechanical preparation influences the microbial community and the levels of LPS, LTA and cytokines in combined endodontic‐periodontal lesions: A clinical study
Authors: Gomes Brenda P. F. A. , Berber Vanessa B. , Marinho Ariane C. S. , Louzada Lidiane M. , Arruda‐Vasconcelos Rodrigo , Passini Maicon R. Z. , Lopes Erica M. , Pecorari Vanessa G. A. , Chen Tsute , Paster Bruce J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study was conducted to compare the microbiomes, the levels of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and cytokines (interleukin [IL]‐1β and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha [TNF‐α]), before and after chemomechanical preparation (CMP) of the root canals (RC) and their associated periodontal pockets (PP) in teeth with combined EPL.MaterialsSamples were taken from 10 RC and PP, before and after CMP. The microbiomes (next‐generation sequencing, V3‐V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene), microbiome diversity (bioinformatics analyses), LPS (limulus amebocyte lysate), LTA, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α (ELISA) were evaluated. A statistical analysis was performed with significance level set at 5%.ResultsThe most abundant phyla in both sites were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Comparative studies of bacterial genera species revealed that some increased and others decreased after CMP at both sites. A 3% reduction in Gram‐negative bacteria (RC) and a 4% increase in Gram‐positive bacteria (PP) were detected. LPS levels were 4.4 times higher in PP than in the RC. LTA was detected in all samples investigated. Higher levels of IL‐1β and TNF‐α were detected in both sites at baseline. After CMP, LPS, LTA, IL‐1β and TNF‐α were reduced in both sites.ConclusionThe microbial community in the RC and PP in teeth with combined EPL indicated a similarity between both sites. CMP effectively reduced the microbial load and the LPS levels from teeth with EPL, and consequently diminished the cytokine levels. The reduction in LTA levels in the RC and PP proved challenging.
What is Syrian nationalism? Primordialism and romanticism in official Baath discourse
Authors: Aldoughli Rahaf 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article addresses the evolution of Syrian nationalism, showing how the early pan‐Arabist ideals of the Baathist founders morphed into a cult of personality focused narrowly on emotional attachments to the regime. Current Syrian state nationalism is a “constructed primordialism” consisting of vague and sentimental concepts of the Syrian people and their history, despite the fact that the Syrian state in its current territorial identity has only existed for a few decades and incorporates a diverse mosaic of ethnic, cultural, religious and national backgrounds. In the absence of a cohesive pre‐existing community to form the basis of Syrian national identity, the regime tempered its nominal commitment to Arabism with heavily Romanticized rhetoric emphasizing familial bonds of love and devotion between the people and the leader. This primordialist construct has thwarted the emergence of a civic‐oriented national identity in Syria and contributed to tensions underlying the current civil war.