bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Role Performance of Heads of Secondary Schools in the Ashanti Region of Ghana: Lessons to Draw
Authors: Boadu Kankam 
Published: June 2021

This study examined how Senior Secondary School heads were prepared for their roles and if their preparation have bearings on their role performance. The research design adopted for this study was descriptive survey. In all, a sample of 51 heads of Senior Secondary School in the Ashanti Region of Ghana were purposively selected and assessed. A 21-item questionnaire consisting of both open and close ended items was used. The data was analysed using percentages and chi-square. Analysis of the data showed that majority of the heads have not had any advanced preparation for their roles and that they faced challenges in their day to day performance of their roles. The recommendations made among other things are that there should be succession plan for prospective heads of institutions so that when they eventually assume heads positions, they are not found wanting. More so, there should be manuals for heads of institutions to guide the newly appointed. Lastly, it is recommended that regular seminars and in-service training be organised for heads of institutions so that they share ideas and learn from best practices.
Odkrywanie sensu życia w starości
Authors: Kluz Marek 
Published: June 2021

Niniejsza publikacja ma na celu przybliżyć aktualny problem ludzi starszych, którzy w dobie dzisiejszych wynalazków i rozwoju techniki tracą swoją wartość i godność. Jednak ten stereotyp człowieka starego we współczesnym świecie jest błędny, jako że sensu starości, przy głębszej refleksji, nie sposób przeoczyć. Dostrzegając jak wiele jest zagubionych osób starszych, którym trudno odnaleźć się w obecnej rzeczywistości, słuszne wydaje się ukazanie chrześcijańskiego sensu tego etapu życia. W punkcie wyjścia został przedstawiony obraz człowieka starego w Piśmie Świętym, jako zaprzeczenie współczesnym stereotypom. A ponieważ starość naznaczona jest cierpieniem i zbliża na spotkanie z Panem, dlatego ważnym aspektem było również ukazanie sensu cierpienia jako współuczestnictwa w męce, śmierci i zmartwychwstaniu Chrystusa, jak też drogi prowadzącej na spotkanie z Nim.
circ_0038467 promotes PM2.5-induced bronchial epithelial cell dysfunction
Authors: Jin Xuan , Wang Li , Yang Mingzhu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Purpose
This study was to explore the toxicological mechanisms by which PM2.5 causes lung dysfunction.

Methods
The expression of circ_0038467 and miR-138-1-3p in PM2.5-induced human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B was detected by RT-qPCR. The effects of circ_0038467 and miR-138-1-3p on proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) in PM2.5-induced BEAS-2B were determined using cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway-related protein were also analyzed by western blot. The binding interaction between circ_0038467 and miR-138-1-3p was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay and pull-down assay.

Results
circ_0038467 expression was increased by PM2.5 treatment in BEAS-2B cells in time- and dose-dependent methods, and knockdown of circ_0038467 reversed PM2.5-triggered BEAS-2B cell death and inflammatory response. miR-138-1-3p was decreased by PM2.5 treatment, and restoration of miR-138-1-3p attenuated PM2.5-induced BEAS-2B cell injury. In a mechanical study, we found circ_0038467 directly bound to miR-138-1-3p, and further rescue experiments exhibited miR-138-1-3p inhibition partially overturned the regulatory functions of circ_0038467 knockdown in PM2.5-induced BEAS-2B cells.

Conclusion
circ_0038467 provided a potential therapeutic strategy for future clinic intervention in air pollution-triggered lung dysfunction.
Refractory hypercalcaemia associated with disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans infection
Authors: Zhu Jasmine Jiang , Naughton William J , Hay Be Kim , Ensor Nicholas , Cheung Ada S 
Published: June 2021

Summary
Hypercalcaemia is a very common endocrine condition, yet severe hypercalcaemia as a result of fungal infection is rarely described. There are have only been two reported cases in the literature of hypercalcaemia associated with Cryptococcus infection. Although the mechanism of hypercalcaemia in these infections is not clear, it has been suggested that it could be driven by the extra-renal production of 1-alpha-hydroxylase by macrophages in granulomas. We describe the case of a 55-year-old woman with a 1,25-OH D-mediated refractory hypercalcaemia in the context of a Cryptococcus neoformans infection. She required treatment with antifungals, pamidronate, calcitonin, denosumab and high-dose glucocorticoids. A disseminated fungal infection should be suspected in immunosuppressed individuals presenting with hypercalcaemia.

Learning point

In immunocompromised patients with unexplained hypercalcaemia, fungal infections should be considered as the differential diagnoses;

Glucocorticoids may be considered to treat 1,25-OH D-driven hypercalcaemia; however, the benefits of lowering the calcium need to be balanced against the risk of exacerbating an underlying infection;

Fluconazole might be an effective therapy for both treatment of the hypercalcaemia by lowering 1,25-OH D levels as well as of the fungal infection.
Cabergoline reduces 3-methoxytyramine in a SDHC patient with metastatic paraganglioma and prolactinoma
Authors: Hussein Ziad , Korbonits Marta , Baldeweg Stephanie E , Chung Teng-Teng 
Published: June 2021

Summary
We observed a novel therapeutic response with cabergoline in a male patient with a dopamine-secreting head and neck paraganglioma (HNPGL), macroprolactinoma and germline succinate dehydrogenase C mutation (SDHC). The macroprolactinoma was treated with cabergoline which gave an excellent response. He was found to have raised plasma 3-methoxytyramine of 1014 pmol/L (NR: 0–180 pmol/L); but it was unclear if this was a drug-induced phenomenon from dopamine agonist (DA) therapy. Cabergoline was stopped for 4 weeks and the 3-methoxytyramine level increased significantly to 2185 pmol/L, suggesting a biochemical response of his HNPGL. Subsequently, Gallium-68 Dotatate PET and MRI (Gallium-68 Dotatate PET/MRI) demonstrated a second lesion in the sacrum. Both the HNPGL and metastatic sacral deposit received external beam radiotherapy with a good biochemical and radiological response.

Conclusion
Our case report highlights the rare potential of germline SDHC mutations causing metastatic paraganglioma and concurrent pituitary tumours. Cabergoline treatment may lower elevated 3-methoxytyramine levels and, therefore, mask the biochemical evidence of metastatic disease but also may have therapeutic relevance in dopamine-secreting pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas (PPGLs).

Learning points

Several neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) express dopamine D2 and D4 receptors. In this case report, cabergoline significantly reduced plasma 3-methoxytyramine level in a patient with functional HNPGL. Cabergoline might have therapeutic relevance in dopamine-secreting PPGLs.

Paragangliomas associated with SDHC mutation classically present with asymptomatic non-functional HNPGL and have rare metastatic potential.

The association of pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma and pituitary adenoma is now a well-described rare association (<1%), designated as the three P association. While the three P association is most commonly seen with succinate dehydrogenase B and D mutations, it has also been described in patients with SDHA and SDHC mutations.

Cabergoline treatment may lower elevated 3-methoxytyramine levels and mask the biochemical evidence of metastatic disease. Regular functional imaging with Gallium-68 Dotatate PET/MRI provides better evidence of metastatic disease.
Saving Tendency of Developed and Developing European Countries
Authors: Arıç Kıvanç Halil , Sek Siok Kun 
Published: June 2021

In the previous literature studies, the saving condition is mainly examined focusing in Developing countries and Asian countries. The examination on the saving condition is crucial due to the linkages between saving accumulation and economic growth. The studies that focused in Developed countries are limited. This study extends the analysis by comparing the saving determination in Developed and Developing European countries and contributes to the literature of saving in two ways. First, the study compares the two panel groups, Developed and Developing European countries, which might reveal how economic development could affect the saving behavior. Second, the study considers the cross-section dependency effect in the panel data analysis by applying the testing (second-generation panel unit-root and cointegration tests) and the estimation approaches (Augmented Mean Group, AMG estimator). The study demonstrates that ignoring the cross-section dependency effect might lead to misleading results. Four determinants of savings are examined (GDP per capita, age dependency ratio on working group, inflation and government expenditure). Our results reveal the existence of cointegration and cross-section dependency in the saving relationship in both panel groups. Comparing the results across panel groups, it is observed that government expenditure is contributes to lower saving in both groups of countries with larger impact in the Developed European countries. On the other hand, GDP contributes to higher saving in both groups of countries. Inflation also leads to higher saving in the Developed group but not in the Developing group. Age dependency ratio is not influential in the Developed group but might trigger lower saving in the Developing group.
Hat törvényhatósági jogú város székházépítési pályázata •
Authors: Megyeri-Pálffi Zoltán , Marótzy Katalin 
Published: June 2021

A magyar nagyvárosok városházái – amelyek többsége a magyar historizmus legszebb építészeti emlékei közé tartozik – jól reprezentálják azt a robbanásszerű polgárosodást és modernizációt, amely az Osztrák– Magyar Monarchia (1867) létrejöttével bekövetkező változások velejárója volt.Tanulmányunkban a korszak építészeti tendenciáinak megismeréséhez kívánunk egy új szempontot adni: a nagy városházák térszervezetét vizsgáljuk meg a közigazgatási struktúra történeti alakulásának fényében. Ezzel az elemzéssel egyúttal az adminisztráció és az építészet sajátos viszonyrendszerét is megvilágítjuk.A vizsgálat alapját a dualizmus korának magyar építészeti szaksajtójában közölt hat törvényhatósági jogú város részletesebb pályázati dokumentációja adja, amely látványosan tükrözi a korszak városháza- építészeti tendenciáit. Győr (1893–1894), Pécs (1902–1903), Marosvásárhely (1905), Szabadka (1906), Pozsony (1907) és Kolozsvár (1910) városi székházainak tervpályázati anyagát dolgoztuk fel, aminek köszönhetően a városháza mint jelentős közigazgatási épülettípust elemeztük az építészeti funkció és a hely igény relációjában. Így – a legnagyobb városházák pályázatain keresztül – a kor városházáinak mint adminisztratív épületeknek – ismert építészeti reprezentativitása mellett – alaprajzi rendszerükben, helyiség struktúrájukban megfigyelhető speciális vonásait rajzolhatjuk fel.The city halls of the Hungarian large cities – most of which are among the most beautiful architectural monuments of Hungarian historicism – well represent the explosive civilization and modernization that accompanied the changes that took place with the establishment of the Austro–Hungarian Monarchy (1867).In our study, we want to give a new perspective to get to know the architectural tendencies of the period: we examine the spatial organization of large city halls in the light of the historical development of the administrative structure. With this analysis, we also shed light on the specific system of relations between administration and architecture.The study is based on the more detailed tender documentation of six cities with municipal rights published in the Hungarian architectural press of the age of dualism, which spectacularly reflects the city hall architectural tendencies of the period.We wrote up the design competition material of the city headquarters of Győr (1893–1894), Pécs (1902– 1903), Târgu Mureş (1905), Subotica (1906), Bratislava (1907) and Cluj-Napoca (1910), thanks to which we analyzed the city hall as a significant administrative building type in relation to architectural function and space requirements. Thus, through the tenders of the largest city halls, we can draw the special features of the city halls of the age as administrative buildings, in addition to their well-known architectural representativeness, in their floor plan system and room structure.
DISCRIMINATIVE DICTIONARY PAIR LEARNING FOR IMAGE CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Hoang Vu Nguyen , Quoc Cuong Tran , Thanh Phong Tran 
Published: June 2021

Dictionary learning (DL) for sparse coding has been widely applied in the field of computer vision. Many DL approaches have been developed recently to solve pattern classification problems and have achieved promising performance. In this paper, to improve the discriminability of the popular dictionary pair learning (DPL) algorithm, we propose a new method called discriminative dictionary pair learning (DDPL) for image classification. To achieve the goal of signal representation and discrimination, we impose the incoherence constraints on the synthesis dictionary and the low-rank regularization on the analysis dictionary. The DDPL method ensures that the learned dictionary has the powerful discriminative ability and the signals are more separable after coding. We evaluate the proposed method on benchmark image databases in comparison with existing DL methods. The experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms many recently proposed dictionary learning approaches.
La problématique de l’« innovation » en didactique des langues-cultures
Authors: PUREN Christian 
Published: June 2021

Cet article propose une modélisation de la notion d’« innovation » en didactique des langues cultures sous forme de cinq couples de concepts antagonistes illustrés par des exemples tirés de l’histoire de la discipline : innovation et continuité, innovation et conformisme, innovation et mythes, innovation et régression, innovation et changement. Cette problématisation amène à modifier la perception que l’on peut avoir de l’évolution de la discipline, et elle impose finalement l’idée qu’il faut modifier la conception encore largement dominante du changement.
Decompressive craniectomy in the treatment of supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hematomas
Authors: Dashyan V. G. , Khamurzov V. A. , Sosnovskiy E. A. , Sytnik A. V. , Khovrin D. V. , Godkov I. M. , Rurua G. V. , Kryachev R. Yu. , Stepanov V. N. , Krylov V. V. , Grin A. А. 
Published: June 2021

The study objective is to evaluate feasibility and effectiveness of decompressive craniectomy (DC) for treatment оf supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hematomas (ICH).Materials and methods. Between 1996 to 2019, 97 patients with supratentorial hypertensive ICHs underwent surgical treatment. DC was performed in 50 patients (primary - in 41, secondary - in 9). Putaminal hematomas were diagnosed in 30 patients, subcortical - in 20. The comparison group consisted of 47 patients, of which 20 had osteoplastic craniotomy (OPC) with microsurgical removal of ICH, and 27 had endoscopic aspiration (EA). The performed DCa were treated as unjustified (decreased brain dislocation without prolapse of the brain substance into the trepanation defect), ineffective (preservation of brain dislocation and absence of prolapse of the brain substance into the trepanation defect, as well as small size of the trepanation hole) and effective (prolapse of the brain substance into the trepanation defect and regression of transverse brain dislocation).Results. DC was effective only in 22 (44 %) patients (13 - primary, 9 - secondary). Among patients with subcortical ICH, mortality rate after DC was equal to that after OPC and EA. Among patients with putaminal ICH, the mortality rate after DC was significantly higher than after OPC and EA. Among the patients who underwent primary EA and delayed DC (due to recurrent ICH), postoperative mortality rate was significantly higher than among the patients who underwent repeated EA of recurrent ICH. However, there were no fatal outcomes among patients who underwent delayed DC due to increased edema and transverse dislocation of the brain without recurrent ICH.Conclusion. In the surgical treatment of supratentorial hypertensive ICH, decompressive effect of DC was achieved only in 44 % of patients. Open removal of putaminal hematomas in combination with DC was unjustified, mortality rate was 66 %. Primary DC with removal of ICH is indicated in patients with subcortical hematomas with a volume >50 cm3 , with transverse dislocation >7 mm, deep deafness or sopor. Delayed DC, regardless of the location of ICH, is recommended in case of increased edema and transverse dislocation of the brain in patients without recurrent hemorrhage.
Screening methods for autism spectrum disorders in the study of neuropsychological development of preschool children
Authors: Tkachuk E A , Martynovich N N , Rychkova L V 
Published: June 2021

Aim. To assess the effectiveness of screening methods for diagnosing autism spectrum disorders available to the pediatric service; to prove in practice impossibilities to identify signs of autism spectrum disorders by using the existed pediatric methods.
Methods. The neuropsychological development of 187 preschool children (56 years old) was investigated. The neurological status, anxiety according to A.M. Parishioners, level of intelligence using Raven's Progressive Matrices, the presence of hyperactivity according to the method of V.R. Kuchma, mental performance according to V.Ya. Anfimov, screening diagnostics of autism spectrum disorders were studied.
Results. Assessment of the neurological status showed an increase in tendon reflexes in 10.22.2% of children, a decrease in 12.32.4%. The study of the intelligence levels in the Ravenna test showed that the average intelligence level was in 47.13.7% of the studied children, the intelligence was below the average in 52.93.7% of children. Screening diagnostics of autism spectrum disorders did not reveal abnormalities, however, 5.31.6% of children had signs of predisposition to the autism spectrum disorder (decreased adaptation to changes, nervousness and fears, verbal and non-verbal communication, level of activity and consistency of intellectual response). The indicator of the productivity of mental performance of preschool children was 5.40.5. Attention deficit was detected in 5.91.7% of children (according to the parent's questionnaire) and 8.62.0% children (according to the teachers' questionnaire). The level of anxiety was 9.60.3 points.
Conclusion. The currently known screening methods for detecting autism spectrum disorders, available to the pediatric service, in our opinion, are uninformative; the search for the most sensitive markers of autism should be based on an understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms of autism spectrum disorders.
Predicting the development of complications in patients with rhinosinusitis by cytokine profile indicators
Authors: Baranova N I , Aschina L A , Fedin A V , Shkurova N A , Sergeev S V 
Published: June 2021

Aim. To develop a method for predicting the development of complications in rhinosinusitis patients based on the cytokine profile study.
Methods. We examined 110 patients with rhinosinusitis and 30 healthy donors (control group). The patients were divided into the group without a complicated course of rhinosinusitis (first group, n=65) and the group with a complicated course of rhinosinusitis (second group, n=45). The blood serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, IL-18, interferon (IFN)- were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Statistical analysis of the results was performed by using Microsoft Excel 2013 and Statistica 12.0 software. Statistically significant differences between the compared groups were determined by using the MannWhitney U-test, and p 0.05 was considered significant. Multivariate analysis included correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The mathematical model consistency was determined by using Fisher's F-test, and p 0.05 was considered significant.
Results. Changes in cytokine profile manifested by a decrease in the level of interleukin-1 (p=0.00001), interleukin-4 (p=0.045) and an increase in the level of interleukin-18 (p=0.00001) were revealed in patients with uncomplicated course of rhinosinusitis. The complicated course of rhinosinusitis was characterized by a decrease in the level of interleukin-1 (p=0.00002), interleukin-4 (p=0.049) and an increase in the level of interleukin-8 (p=0.023), interleukin-17 (p=0.00015) and interleukin-18 (p=0.0002). Comparative analysis of the first and the second groups of patients showed an increased level of interleukin-8 (p=0.00001), interleukin-17 (p=0.0001) and reduced levels of interleukin-18 (p=0.00045) in the group of patients with complicated course of rhinosinusitis. Based on interleukin-17, interleukin-8 and interleukin-18 levels, the mathematical model for predicting the development of complications in patients with rhinosinusitis was developed.
Conclusion. The complicated course of rhinosinusitis was characterized by decreased levels of interleukin-1, interleukin-4 and increased levels of interleukin-17, interleukin-8 and interleukin-18, indicating a more pronounced inflammatory process; for personalized therapy, an approach based on interleukin-17, interleukin-8 and interleukin-18 levels was developed on which the development of a complicated course in patients with rhinosinusitis can be predicted.