bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE USE OF THE COMPARATIVE AND CONTRASTIVE METHOD IN THE PHONOLOGICAL ASPECT OF THE RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Authors: Мусаев Э.Х. , Мусаева Б.М. 
Published: August 2021

История лингвистических учений уходит вглубь истории человечества. Каждый новый этап развития науки о языке имеет свои особенности: появляются новые отрасли, аспекты и методы изучения языка, возникают новые лингвистические школы и направления. Одним из таких направлений языкознания является лингвистическая типология, которая в настоящее время получила широкое распространение и завоевала общее признание среди языковедов различных стран и направлений. Данная статья посвящается различиям и схожестям русского и узбекского языках в фонологическом аспекте.
The history of linguistic teachings goes deep into the history of mankind. Each new stage in the development of the science of language has its own characteristics: new branches, aspects and methods of language learning appear, new linguistic schools and directions appear. One of these areas of linguistics is linguistic typology, which is now widespread and has won general recognition among linguists from different countries and directions. This article is devoted to the differences and similarities of the Russian and Uzbek languages in the phonological aspect.
Pengaruh Latihan Daya Tahan Terhadap VO2max Atlet Futsal MAN 1 Dharmasraya
Authors: Harika Fitri Alchonity , Ricky Zuhar 
Published: August 2021

Menurunnya kondisi fisik dalam permainan futsal tentu akan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas passing, control,dan teknikmaupun permainan di lapangan. Menambah intensitas latihan dan mengatur pola kehidupan atlet merupakan solusi terbaik untuk menjaga daya tahan tubuh atletPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan daya tahan terhadap hasil VO2Max atlet futsal MAN 1 Dharmasraya tahun 2020.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one group pretest dan posttest design. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di sekolah MAN 1 Dharmasraya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh atlet futsal MAN 1 Dharmasraya yang berjumlah 9 orang yang dijadikan subjek penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu dengan observasi, tes dan pengukuran. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes multi tahap atau bleep test. Analisis data yang digunakan uji-t pada taraf signifikansi 5%.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa ada pengaruh latihan daya tahan terhadap hasil VO2Max atlet futsal MAN 1 Dharmasraya tahun 2020.
Dampak Bentuk Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Prestasi Belajar di Universitas Bhayangkara
Authors: Onny Siagian Ade 
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the study. To find out: a) The effect of the Jigsaw cooperative learning bentuk on learning achievement in sports physiology. b) The influence of motivation on learning achievement in Sports Physiology. c) The interaction between the Jigsaw cooperative learning bentuk and motivation on learning achievement in Sports Physiology.
Materials and methods. The research was conducted from April to December 2019. The population was students of the Department of Sport Science and Sports Coaching, Faculty of Sports and Health, Bhayangkara University Greater Jakarta. The sample is the third semester students consisting of two classes, namely class A as treatment and class B as control. Because the population is small, there is no sampling. Data collection techniques using motivation questionnaires and learning achievement tests. The data analysis technique used two-way analysis of variance.
Results. The results The results of the analysis a) The learning achievement of students taught with the Jigsaw cooperative learning bentuk (mean = 60.81) was better than students taught with the conventional bentuk (mean = 60.21) obtained a statistical value of 7.234 with a significance of 0.002. b) The learning achievement of students with high motivation (mean = 71.05) is better than students who study with low motivation (mean = 50.00) obtained a statistical value of 146.905 with a significance of 0.000. c) There is an interaction of influence between learning bentuks and motivation in increasing learning achievement in the Sports Physiology course, the statistical value is 12.342 with a significance of 0.001.
Conclusions. So from the results of this study it can be concluded that the Jigsaw type of cooperative learning bentuk is better than the conventional bentuk, and high learning motivation is better than low learning motivation
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among midwives after exposure to maternal death and stillbirth in Khomas Region of Namibia
Authors: Endjala Tuwilika , Amukugo Hans Justus , Ngitanwa Emma Maano 
Published: August 2021

Objective: Despite global efforts to decrease maternal death and stillbirths worldwide, maternal mortality rate and stillbirth remain high in the global south countries. These deaths often have immediate and long-lasting effects on midwives who care for these women.Methods: This paper explores the effects of maternal death and stillbirth on midwives in Namibia. A qualitative approach was adopted using a descriptive, exploratory and contextual design. The objective of this study was to explore the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) related feelings among midwives after exposure to maternal death and stillbirth. Data was collected using Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and individual interviews. Four FGDs and four individual interviews were conducted with midwives from two state hospitals in Windhoek. Midwives were purposively selected, and a total of 29 midwives participated in the study. Individual interviews and FGDs were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using content analysis and coded using Tech’s steps of open-coding.Results: The researcher identified one central theme with six sub-themes. The study showed that the midwives experienced PTSD related feelings such as insomnia and nightmares, recollection of the event (flashbacks), sense of self-blame, guilt, anger, shame, and being haunted/tormented.Conclusions: It is concluded that maternal death and fresh stillbirth can lead to PTSD effects on midwives, hence addressing these challenges. Therefore, the researchers recommend that hospitals in the Khomas Region develop and implement the wellness programmes in the workplace, such as the Employee Assistance Programme, to support midwives who experienced these traumatic events to prevent and manage these effects in the future. Equally, further research is needed to evaluate the impact of the wellness programme on midwives who experienced MDs and FSBs in Namibia.
Revisiting Native Speakerism in ELT: Viewpoints of Chinese EFL Program Administrators on the Recruitment and Workplace Situations of Foreign English Teachers
Authors: Liu Junshuan 
Published: August 2021

This article reports on a case study that explores the views of four EFL program administrators of a university located in central China about the hiring and workplace situations of foreign English teachers. It was found that the administrators as a whole buy into the conventional pro-nativeness ideology with regard to hiring foreign English teachers, though one of them displays critical awareness to some extent. The four administrators, except one, consider it natural and reasonable to grant more favor to foreign English teachers in payment and workload, and fail to see an academic apartheid for foreign teachers in relation to teaching task allocation and engagement in academic activities. All these findings suggest the continuity and tenacity of native speakerism among most ELT administrators, in addition to critical awareness on the part of some administrators. Moreover, this study proposes that native speakerism should be seen as an ideology against both NESTs and NNESTs, though the former still enjoy more privileges.
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Palestinian University Students&#39; Perceptions of Distance Education in Light of the Coronavirus Crisis
Authors: Daraghmeh Rima Wajih Hamed 
Published: August 2021

A study aimed to identify Palestinian university students&#39; perceptions of using distance education in light of the Coronavirus crisis from the students&#39; point of view, depending on the differences between gender or the university in which they study. The descriptive approach was used for the current research. The 25-paragraph questionnaire was distributed electronically through social media sites due to the closure of universities. The sample of the study was formed from (73) distributed among (16) males and (57) females and distributed to universities came (42) students of Palestine Technical University Khudouri, and (19) students of Al-Najah University and (12) students of Arab American University.
The study found that Distance Education was a problem for students because of the constant need for Internet service, while Distance Education helped them with multiple sources of information. Moreover, Distance Education did not make it easier to understand teaching subjects better, nor did it make education popular for students. They preferred education that was more remote than Distance Education. The study also did not find any differences in the perceptions of Palestinian university students to use distance education in light of the Coronavirus crisis due to the variable of gender or university.
The most important recommendations are providing an appropriate educational structure for implementing e-learning in Palestinian universities and removing all human, material and technical obstacles that prevent its spread in the educational system in various stages and fields. And that there is a need for Palestinian universities to offer materials that provide students with e-learning skills and techniques to facilitate the process of interaction and benefit by students with Educational materials provided electronically.
« She was a remarkable woman » : l’héritage afro-féministe d’Efuru (1966) de Flora Nwapa dans Purple Hibiscus (2003) de Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie et Sky-High Flames (2005) d’Unoma Azuah
Authors: Courtois Cédric 
Published: August 2021

Purple Hibiscus (2003) et Sky-High Flames (2005), premiers romans appartenant au genre du Bildungsroman des écrivaines nigérianes-igbo de la troisième génération Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie et Unoma Azuah, entrent en résonance avec Efuru (1966) de l’autrice nigériane-igbo Flora Nwapa. En ce début de xxie siècle, cette dernière demeure une figure littéraire tutélaire pour les écrivaines contemporaines qui s’y réfèrent plus ou moins implicitement. Adichie et Azuah, ouvertement féministes, dialoguent avec leur prédécesseure, laquelle occupait une position ambivalente vis-à-vis du féminisme, à l’instar de quelques-unes de ses contemporaines sur le continent. Réponse féminine, voire féministe à Things Fall Apart (1958) de Chinua Achebe, Efuru a permis le passage des femmes depuis les marges vers le centre de la narration et des considérations littéraires, ce qui a contribué à ce que les écrivaines actuelles – dont Adichie et Azuah – décrivent à leur tour des processus de construction identitaire féminins dans la société patriarcale nigériane-igbo.
Joan Morgan et le « féminisme hip-hop » : les enjeux d’une proposition pour son époque et pour la nôtre
Authors: Vettorato Cyril 
Published: August 2021

L’ouvrage de Joan Morgan, When Chicken Heads Come Home to Roost (1999), a fait date dans la réflexion sur le hip-hop d’un point de vue féministe, au point de cristalliser autour de lui les promesses et paradoxes propres à l’expression de « féminisme hip-hop ». En adoptant un double point de vue à la fois rétrospectif et spéculatif, cet article vise à replacer l’ouvrage de Morgan dans son contexte de parution tout en s’interrogeant sur les portes qu’il nous ouvre pour une réflexion ultérieure. L’émergence ici d’une voix présentée comme générationnelle, qui poursuit tout en les reformulant les revendications des « mères » africaines américaines des seventies, mérite d’être analysée dans sa spécificité états-unienne ; mais nous voyons aussi ce que nous pouvons tirer d’une lecture plus exploratoire de cet essai, ce qui nous mène à envisager avec Morgan le rôle possible de la culture dite « urbaine » comme contrepoint heuristique salvateur à la partialité élitiste qui menace le champ intellectuel.
Le « Sud » face à ses clichés : un regard du Brésil sur l’Afrique
Authors: Botaro Mirella 
Published: August 2021

Cet article propose d’analyser l’usage de stéréotypes raciaux dans Verre Cassé (2005) d’Alain Mabanckou et Pelourinho (1995) de Tierno Monénembo, afin d’observer ensuite les effets de sens qu’ils produisent une fois traduits au Brésil. Certaines catégories essentialistes concernant la « race » ou l’« identité » semblent parfois être disloquées par les opérations de traduction, grâce notamment au potentiel d’interprétation des lecteurs visés.
Hypoglycemic, Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Ocimum gratissimum Leaf Extract on Diabetic Rats
Authors: Sani Na’ima Musa , Abubakar Abdulhamid , Jude Nwagu 
Published: August 2021

Aims: Ocimum gratissimum is a medicinal plant that has been traditionally used in the management of many diseases including diabetes mellitus. The aim of this research was to evaluate hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of Ocimum gratissimum leaf extracts on diabetic rats.
Study Design: Mention the design of the study here.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero, Kebbi State, Nigeria. Between february 2021 and June 2021.
Methodology: The phytochemical screening was carried out using standard procedures. The extract was administered orally (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, for 21 days) to alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Hypoglycemic effects, change in body weight, lipid profile and antioxidant activities of diabetic rats treated with the extract were assessed and compared with normal, diabetic control and standard drug treated rats. Histological examination of the pancreas during 21 days of treatment was also carried out.
Results: The extract produced a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Significant differences were also observed in body weights, serum lipid profile and levels of antioxidant vitamins and enzymes of Ocimum gratissimum methanol extract treated diabetic rats, when compared with diabetic, normal and standard drug treated rats. Histopathological studies of the pancreas showed comparable regeneration of the cells by extract which were earlier necrosed by alloxan. Methanol leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum exhibit significant hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. The extract could be further processed towards the management of diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion: Ocimum gratissimum extract showed a promising good hypoglycemic effect, the extracts also exhibit hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities on diabetic rats. There was regeneration of pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Therefore at acute dose the extracts can serve as an alternative in the management of diabetes mellitus.
Seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis IgA, IgM and IgG Antibodies and Associated Risk Factors among Sexually Active Individuals at Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital in Dschang, West Cameroon
Authors: Tadongfack Thomas Djifack , Nitcheu Irina Lydia Sudeu , Ngoune Rodrigue , Nkouayep Vanessa Rosine , Selabi Aline Camerl Nzeffouo , Manhafo Viany Nankeng , Enangue Blanche Lydie Bebe Moussango , Tedjieu Romeo Hervis , Kenfack Carine Tsoplifak , Keubo François Roger Nguepy , Kamtchueng Monique Odette , Chadou Michael Junior Piameu 
Published: August 2021

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common cause of sexually transmitted infections worldwide. Infections caused by this pathogen are usually symptomatic in men and asymptomatic in about 2/3 of women resulting in a variety of clinical complications.
Aim: To determine the seroprevalence of immunological markers and the risk factors associated with the seropositivity to C. trachomatis infection in sexually active individuals visiting the Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital in Dschang, West region Cameroon
Study Design: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted between July and September 2020 at Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital in Dschang, Cameroon.
Methods: A total of 154 participants were recruited during the data collection period. An indirect ELISA method was used to analyse participant’s serum samples. Risk factors were assessed through univariate and multivariate logistic regression using SPSS 25.
Results: The seroprevalence of C. trachomatis infection was 38.3% (95%CI: 30.6 - 46.0). Only 39.6% (95%CI: 31.6 - 47.3) of the study population had never been in contact with the bacterium. The reinfection rate among participants was 8.4% (95%CI: 4.0 - 12.8). Results revealed that being Male is a protective factor against the infection [aOR: 0.12; 95% CI: 0.03 - 0.56; P ꞊ .007]. The non-use of condom [aOR: 21.58; 95% CI: 3.53 – 132.06; P ꞊ .001] and having encountered three or more sexual partners [aOR: 9.90; 95%CI: 1.07 – 91.60; P ꞊ .043] were the significant predictors of Chlamydia seropositivity.
Conclusion: The implementation of proactive strategies to curb down the spread of the infection is necessary in this locality. This can be done by providing NAATs to as many health facilities as possible, educating the population and standardizing treatment protocols.
Development and Evaluation of Nanoemulsions for Phenytoin Drug Loading
Authors: Joshi Neha , Juyal Vijay , Joshi Himanshu , Dang Shweta 
Published: August 2021

Aims: To understand about the nanoemulsion types and the process formation of spontaneous emulsification method by phase inversion. Then to test the different combinations of Oil, Surfactants and Co-surfactants for formation of suitable nanoemulsions for phenytoin drug loading.
Study Design: Spontaneous emulsification method by phase inversion used to form the nanoemulsions.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India.
Methodology: Phenytoin is a widely used drug in anticonvulsants class for epilepsy which comes under BCS Class II of drug category. Phenytoin has high permeability property but it also shows low solubility property which makes it difficult to absorb from GI tract hence make a poor penetration into the brain to target disease in the CNS. To overcome the situation of poor delivery of phenytoin, the requirement of nanoparticulate drug delivery as an innovative and effective drug delivery system from nose to brain raised. The objective of our study was to find the best combination of oil and Smix (surfactant and co-surfactant mixture) to form o/w (Oil in Water) nanoemulsions suitable for loading phenytoin drug using spontaneous emulsification method for brain targeting.
Results: Based on different compositions of oil (sunflower), surfactants (Tween-20), and co-surfactants (Transcutol P), forty-five test mixtures were made, water titration technique was employed for preparing the pseudo-ternary-phase diagrams. On the basis of these phase diagrams twenty-five phenytoin loaded nanoemulsions were formulated and further examined. After physicochemical characterization of these formulations the viscosity, pH, RI and % transmittance was found (6.149 ± 0.084 to 9.114 ± 0.027), (6.546 ± 0.018 to 6.656 ± 0.017), (1.395 ± 0.003 to 1.41 ± 0.005) and (94.53 ± 1.4% to 95.58 ± 1.2%) respectively. The release rate of phenytoin was found very satisfactory i.e., 98.51 ± 0.25 % to 99.82 ± 0.28 % after 24 hrs. The four formulations showed best release rate had further taken for particle size analysis. The particle size analysis showed that all the properties were in the desired range i.e., droplet size (18.9 to 21.9), zeta potential (-12.4 to -28.8), PDI (0.334 to 0.363). The study shows that the phenytoin loaded nanoemulsion is possible to make by water titration method and shall have a good drug release rate.
Conclusion: The nanoemulsion formulations passed through stress testing had also showed good release rate of phenytoin. Also, the other parameters like viscosity, pH, RI and percentage transmittance were in a quit satisfactory range to proceed further with these formulations. The particle size analysis confirms the formation of nanoemultions which had very good drug release rates.
Study to Determine the Complications and Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Shah Ghazanfar Ali , Keerio Niaz Hussain , Khanzada Aftab Alam , Joyo Muhammad Rafique , Ahmed Nizam , Afzal Tanveer , Noor Syed Shahid 
Published: August 2021

Background: Diabetic foot ulcer is a solitary most costly and severe complication of diabetes mellitus. Foot ulcers are the after-effect of a combination of various causes, counting peripheral arterial disease and peripheral neuropathy. Patients with diabetic foot ulcers for the most part require lower limb amputation.
Objective: The purpose of this examination is to survey the outcomes and complications of diabetic foot ulcers in diabetic patients and to explore the impacts of certain hazard factors on ulcer healing.
Place and Duration: In the Orthopedic unit, Dow University Of Medical and Health Sciences, SMBBIT Karachi, for nearly a two-year duration from March 2018 to April 2020.
Methods: This study was conducted on 120 patients. All patients with diabetes and DFU 18 to 90 of age were selected. 120 grown-up patients with DFUs were selected for the analysis. The diabetes duration and demographic data were recorded. Clinical proof of infection has been accounted for, as indicated by the American Association for Infectious Diseases. At that point debridement and careful treatment were begun to evacuate all the dead tissue. Follow-up was done week by week for two-year. SPSS 22 was utilized for data collection and statistical analysis. Data are introduced as a percentage and p < 0.05 was considered as the significance level. The Fisher’s test and χ2 test were utilized to test the variables relationship. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to change different variables when testing the impact of each risk factor on the outcome of DFU.
Results: A sum of 120 patients with diabetic foot ulcers were selected. 60% of patients had relieved ulcers, 8% still not resolved; In 27% of patients, minimum amputation, 7% more protuberant amputation, 2% repetitive ulcer and mortality rate was 1%. The investigation indicated that there is a measurably noteworthy connection between the foot ulcers healing with diabetes and the accompanying factors: HbA1c level, patients’ age, diabetes duration, diabetes complications (ulcer size and peripheral neuropathy).
Conclusion: The outcomes and complications of diabetic foot ulceration can be anticipated by a few factors, some of which can be changed. Changing compatible factors, for example, better diabetes control, peripheral neuropathy treatment and early treatment of ulcers can reduce complications and encourage healing of ulcers.