bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining Neanderthal and carnivore occupations of Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) using archaeostratigraphic and intra-site spatial analysis
Authors: Zilio Leandro , Hammond Heidi , Karampaglidis Theodoros , Sánchez-Romero Laura , Blasco Ruth , Rivals Florent , Rufà Anna , Picin Andrea , Chacón M. Gema , Demuro Martina , Arnold Lee J. , Rosell Jordi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTeixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) is a reference site for Middle Palaeolithic studies of the Iberian Peninsula. The cave preserves an extensive stratigraphic sequence made up of eight units, which is presented in depth in this work. The main goal of this study is to undertake an initial spatial examination of Unit III, formed during Marine Isotope Stage 3, with the aim of understanding spatial organization and past activities developed by Neanderthals and carnivores (bears, hyenas and smaller carnivores). The total sample analysed includes 38,244 archaeological items and 5888 limestone blocks. The application of GIS tools allows us to clearly distinguish three geologically-defined stratigraphic subunits. Unit III has been previously interpreted as a palimpsest resulting from alternating occupation of the cave by human groups and carnivores. The distribution study shows that faunal specimens, lithic artefacts, hearths and charcoal fragments are significantly concentrated at the entrance of the cave where, it is inferred, hominins carried out different activities, while carnivores preferred the sheltered zones in the inner areas of the cave. The results obtained reveal a spatial pattern characterized by fire use related zones, and show that the site was occupied by Neanderthals in a similar and consistent way throughout the ˃ 7000 years range covered by the analysed subunits. This spatial pattern is interpreted as resulting from repeated short-term human occupations.
Nanocomposite-based dual enzyme system for broad-spectrum scavenging of reactive oxygen species
Authors: Pavlovic Marko , Muráth Szabolcs , Katona Xénia , Alsharif Nizar B. , Rouster Paul , Maléth József , Szilagyi Istvan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA broad-spectrum reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging hybrid material (CASCADE) was developed by sequential adsorption of heparin (HEP) and poly(L-lysine) (PLL) polyelectrolytes together with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) antioxidant enzymes on layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoclay support. The synthetic conditions were optimized so that CASCADE possessed remarkable structural (no enzyme leakage) and colloidal (excellent resistance against salt-induced aggregation) stability. The obtained composite was active in decomposition of both superoxide radical anions and hydrogen peroxide in biochemical assays revealing that the strong electrostatic interaction with the functionalized support led to high enzyme loadings, nevertheless, it did not interfere with the native enzyme conformation. In vitro tests demonstrated that ROS generated in human cervical adenocarcinoma cells were successfully consumed by the hybrid material. The cellular uptake was not accompanied with any toxicity effects, which makes the developed CASCADE a promising candidate for treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases.
Transcriptome analysis reveals differentially expressed MYB transcription factors associated with silicon response in wheat
Authors: Hao Lidong , Shi Shubing , Guo Haibin , Zhang Jinshan , Li Peng , Feng Yanfei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSilicon plays a vital role in plant growth. However, molecular mechanisms in response to silicon have not previously been studied in wheat. In this study, we used RNA-seq technology to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in wheat seedlings treated with silicon. Results showed that many wheat genes responded to silicon treatment, including 3057 DEGs, of which 6.25% (191/3057) were predicted transcription factors (TFs). Approximately 14.67% (28 out of 191) of the differentially expressed TFs belonged to the MYB TF family. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment showed that the highly enriched DEGs were responsible for secondary biosynthetic processes. According to KEGG pathway analysis, the DEGs were related to chaperones and folding catalysts, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. Moreover, 411 R2R3-MYB TFs were identified in the wheat genome, all of which were classified into 15 groups and accordingly named S1–S15. Among them, 28 were down-regulated under silicon treatment. This study revealed the essential role of MYB TFs in the silicon response mechanism of plants, and provides important genetic resources for breeding silicon-tolerant wheat.
Magmatic flare-up causes crustal thickening at the transition from subduction to continental collision
Authors: Ganade Carlos E. , Lanari Pierre , Rubatto Daniela , Hermann Joerg , Weinberg Roberto F. , Basei Miguel A. S. , Tesser Lucas R. , Caby Renaud , Agbossoumondé Yao , Ribeiro Caroline M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAbove subduction zones, magma production rate and crustal generation can increase by an order of magnitude during narrow time intervals known as magmatic flare-ups. However, the consequences of these events in the deep arc environment remain poorly understood. Here we use petrological and in-situ zircon dating techniques to investigate the root of a continental arc within the collisional West Gondwana Orogen that is now exposed in the Kabyé Massif, Togo. We show that gabbros intruded 670 million years ago at 20–25 km depth were transformed to eclogites by 620 million years ago at 65–70 km depth. This was coeval with extensive magmatism at 20–40 km depth, indicative of a flare-up event which peaked just prior to the subduction of the continental margin. We propose that increased H2O flux from subduction of serpentinized mantle in the hyper-extended margin of the approaching continent was responsible for the increased magma productivity and crustal thickening.
Constraint programing for solving four complex flexible shop scheduling problems
Authors: Meng Leilei , Lu Chao , Zhang Biao , Ren Yaping , Lv Chang , Sang Hongyan , Li Junqing , Zhang Chaoyong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn recent years, with the advent of robust solvers such as Cplex and Gurobi, constraint programing (CP) has been widely applied to a variety of scheduling problems. This paper presents CP models for formulating four scheduling problems with minimal makespan and complex constraints: the no‐wait hybrid flow shop scheduling problem, the hybrid flow shop scheduling problem with sequence‐dependent setup times, the flexible job shop scheduling problem with worker flexibility and the semiconductor final testing problem. The advantages of CP method in solving these four complex scheduling problems are explored. Finally, a set of benchmark instances are adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the CP method. Experiment results show that the proposed CP models outperform existing algorithms; in particular, several best‐known solutions of benchmark instances are improved by our CP method.
RETRACTED: A novel method of material demand forecasting for power supply chains in industrial applications
Authors: Xiao Yu , Jun Zhu , Lei Huang , Sharma Ashutosh , Sharma Amit 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBased on research on big data, data mining and other relevant technical theories, a power material demand analysis system is designed and implemented based on big data technology. The main aim of the study is to forecast material demand and provide data support for decision‐makers. The system includes a data centre subsystem and an application subsystem. At the same time, two kinds of collaborative transmission process models of supply chain information are established, and simulation analysis is carried out on the two models by the Monte Carlo method to verify the effect of collaborative transmission of information flow in supply chains within big data environments. The major contribution of the work is the design of a supply chain model with the help of big data. The impacts of the Internet of Things with empirical studies and limited models are the focuses of the study. It can be seen from the simulation results that there will be a minimum to minimise the cost under the two supply chain information‐transfer process models. The manufacturing cost of the big data platform is about lower than that of the traditional supply chain, and increased delay costs accordingly lead to increased costs for manufacturers in both supply chains.
Industry 4.0 in the logistics field: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Bigliardi Barbara , Casella Giorgia , Bottani Eleonora 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLogistics plays an essential role in supply chain management to plan and coordinate the movement of products in a timely, safely and effectively way. The recent term Logistics 4.0 focusses on the specific applications of Industry 4.0 in the area of logistics and was created as an integral part of the Industry 4.0 concept. This study aims to contribute to the state‐of‐the‐art about this topic by analysing and reviewing the scientific literature relating to Industry 4.0 applied to the logistics field. By means of a query on the Scopus database (www.scopus.com), 131 articles were retrieved and judged in line with the research topic. A bibliometric analysis identified the most relevant articles, authors, keywords, countries and journals on this subject. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first systematic review of Logistics 4.0 using bibliometric analysis. Finally, the research gaps identified will provide a reference point that will encourage and guide interested researchers for future study.
Interference coordination and throughput maximisation in an unmanned aerial vehicle‐assisted cellular: User association and three‐dimensional trajectory optimisation
Authors: Yuan Zhichao , Jiang Kaisheng , Jia Weijie , Liu Rongwei , Wang Zhijun , Mao Xinyu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicles in wireless communications have caught great attention in unmanned aerial vehicle assisted communications and cellular‐connected unmanned aerial vehicles. However, the unmanned aerial vehicle's advantage of strong line‐of‐sight channels also brings about severe and extensive interference between unmanned aerial vehicle and the terrestrial communication networks and between multiple unmanned aerial vehicles. This paper jointly optimises the unmanned aerial vehicle's three‐dimensional trajectory and ground users' association schemes with the unmanned aerial vehicle and ground base station to reduce interference. In consideration of fairness, the authors formulate the optimisation problem as maximising the minimum average throughput among all ground users, a mixed‐integer non‐convex problem that is challenging to tackle. To ease the difficulties, the authors have the optimisation problem relaxed and propose a suboptimal solution in the framework of the block successive upper‐bound minimisation algorithm. Furthermore, an improved block successive upper‐bound minimisation based penalty algorithm is obtained to avoid the local maximum point problem. Numerical simulations have validated our schemes.
On the tuning of a nonlinear energy‐based regulator for the positioning of a fully actuated surface marine craft
Authors: Kazantzidou Christina , Perez Tristan , Valentinis Francis , Donaire Alejandro 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe authors address the problem of tuning a non‐linear energy‐based regulator for the positioning of a surface marine craft. Interconnection and damping assignment passivity‐based control (IDA‐PBC) is used for the control design, resulting in passive target dynamics that can be expressed as a port‐Hamiltonian system (PHS). The IDA‐PBC methodology has been successfully utilised in several applications, however, there has been minimal development in tuning methods that can analytically assist the designer to achieve desired response characteristics. It is demonstrated that eigenvalue assignment of the linearised target dynamics in PHS form can significantly aid the tuning process. Based on this analysis, the authors propose a systematic tuning approach to achieve certain performance and response characteristics. A comprehensive demonstration of the proposed tuning method is provided for the position regulation of an underwater vehicle in the horizontal plane in a case study, where numerical analysis of robustness is also conducted.
An overview of various faults detection methods in synchronous generators
Authors: Mostafaei Mohsen , Faiz Jawad 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSynchronous generator (SG) plays a vital and critical role in the power system by supplying electric power to consumers. Various faults in SGs can cause some catastrophic events such as power disruption or blackout. These faults can be classified into two electrical and mechanical faults. Short circuit in stator windings and field winding are electrical fault while bearing, static/dynamic eccentricity, and broken damper bars faults are mechanical one. Unlike the induction machines, there are no much researches in SGs condition monitoring owing to its complex behaviour against the faults. Herein, the SG modelling approaches are presented briefly to elaborate shortcoming and challenging issues in the modelling, and then a comprehensive review of various electrical and mechanical fault detection methods is presented.
A flexible virtual inertial control algorithm for ship with propulsion load and pulse load
Authors: Yunfeng Lin , Lijun Fu , Xiongbo Xiao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe pulse load of an integrated power system (IPS) ship can produce very high power intermittently in a short period of time. Owing to the limited DC bus capacitance, the periodic pulse load charging and discharging process can make the IPS system state variables have a periodic alternating process during electromagnetic transients, especially at the bus voltage. In order to alleviate this problem, it is necessary to find a suitable control strategy. At first, this article establishes a mathematical model of DC bus voltage dynamics and propulsion motor load. Then, a flexible energy scheduling algorithm is proposed to coordinate the propulsion motor load and the pulse load based on the flexibility of IPS energy scheduling and the concept of virtual inertia. This algorithm can adaptively change the virtual inertia of the DC bus according to the pulse load power level and the propulsion motor load level to mitigate the impact of the pulse load on the IPS system. At the same time, the algorithm is also distributed and has little impact on the propulsion system. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified through the mixed simulation of PSCAD and MATLAB and the hardware in the loop test.
Study on the effectiveness of commercial anti‐islanding algorithms in the prospect of mass penetration of PVs in low‐voltage distribution networks
Authors: Boubaris Alexandros , Kyritsis Anastasios , Babouras Konstantinos , Frantzeskakis Syllas , Papanikolaou Nick , Papadopoulos Theofilos , Vidaurrazaga Iñigo , Alonso Ricardo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn the coming years, distribution grids will be progressively flooded by renewable energy sources (RES) that will be interconnected with the main grid through power electronic converters. Photovoltaics (PVs) are one of the most promising renewable technologies even for densely built‐up areas where space problems are inevitable. The high penetration prospect of PV facilities on low‐voltage distribution networks raises questions regarding the necessity of advanced functions that will enable electronically coupled RES to support the operation of distribution grids and to enhance their reliability. In this context, the objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of various islanding prevention measures installed in commercial PV inverters, when multiple inverters are operating in parallel with a low‐voltage distribution network (LVDN). Extensive experiments were performed under various PV penetration levels, linear/non‐linear load and over/under voltage and over/under frequency conditions, as well as for various values of total harmonic distortion of the mains voltage. Further to the primary statistical analysis, the results were analysed in depth by advanced mathematical methods such as box plot and cluster analysis. The findings of this study indicate that commercial anti‐islanding techniques present a high probability of failure in the case of multiple PV units at the same point of common coupling, calling for new and more advanced algorithms.
Optimal day‐ahead scheduling of multiple integrated energy systems considering integrated demand response, cooperative game and virtual energy storage
Authors: Chen Changming , Deng Xin , Zhang Zhi , Liu Shengyuan , Waseem Muhammad , Dan Yangqing , Lan Zhou , Lin Zhenzhi , Yang Li , Ding Yi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAs the physical carrier of the Energy Internet, integrated energy system (IES) is a future development trend in the energy field, and the optimal scheduling of IES for improving energy utilisation efficiency has become a hot topic. An optimal day‐ahead scheduling model of multiple IESs considering integrated demand response (IDR), cooperative game and virtual energy storage (VES) is proposed innovatively in this study to maximise the overall benefits of the cooperative alliance. IDR and VES are considered together for the first time to optimise the internal scheduling of each IES, where IDR can enhance the response potential on the demand side and VES can improve the scheduling flexibility of IES. Cooperative game theory is utilised to process the energy trading mechanism among multiple IESs and the Nash bargaining method is utilised to solve the cooperative game problem and obtain a fair and Pareto‐optimal energy trading strategy. The case study shows that the proposed model effectively improves the operating benefits and the renewable energy penetration levels of each IES.
Surrogate‐assisted optimal re‐dispatch control for risk‐aware regulation of dynamic total transfer capability
Authors: Qiu Gao , Liu Youbo , Liu Junyong , Wang Lingfeng , Liu Tingjian , Gao Hongjun , Jawad Shafqat 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTo enable reliable power delivery through transmission tie‐lines, total transfer capability (TTC) must be calculated and regulated to accommodate the transferred amount. However, the traditional optimal power flow (OPF)‐based total transfer capability calculation is computationally expensive for efficient total transfer capability control due to the inclusion of a large set of differential‐algebraic equations (DAEs) to verify transient stability constraints. In order to enable practicable total transfer capability regulation, a novel risk‐aware deep learning‐assisted paradigm is proposed here. First, a deep belief network (DBN) is employed to establish the total transfer capability predictor and surrogate the computation‐intensive differential‐algebraic equations in original optimal power flow formulas, simplifying the high‐dimensional and intractable constraints deep belief networks without loss of nonlinearity. Particularly, in order to be aware of control risk from the predictive error of the deep belief networks, prediction intervals (PIs) are produced improved by using ensemble learning and used to disclose the probability of insufficient actions, further guaranteeing the sufficient and cost‐effective control by compromising the tradeoff between cost and risk. Symbiotic organisms search (SOS) is then applied to solve the proposed risk‐aware deep belief network‐assisted total transfer capability control problem globally. The numerical studies testify that the proposed method enables economical, reliable, and full nonlinearity‐retained dynamic total transfer capability regulation control within a risk‐free surrogate‐assisted and tractable physical model‐driven hybrid framework.
An efficient and layout‐independent automatic license plate recognition system based on the YOLO detector
Authors: Laroca Rayson , Zanlorensi Luiz A. , Gonçalves Gabriel R. , Todt Eduardo , Schwartz William Robson , Menotti David 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper presents an efficient and layout‐independent Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR) system based on the state‐of‐the‐art you only look once (YOLO) object detector that contains a unified approach for license plate (LP) detection and layout classification to improve the recognition results using post‐processing rules. The system is conceived by evaluating and optimizing different models, aiming at achieving the best speed/accuracy trade‐off at each stage. The networks are trained using images from several datasets, with the addition of various data augmentation techniques, so that they are robust under different conditions. The proposed system achieved an average end‐to‐end recognition rate of 96.9% across eight public datasets (from five different regions) used in the experiments, outperforming both previous works and commercial systems in the ChineseLP, OpenALPR‐EU, SSIG‐SegPlate and UFPR‐ALPR datasets. In the other datasets, the proposed approach achieved competitive results to those attained by the baselines. The authors' system also achieved impressive frames per second (FPS) rates on a high‐end GPU, being able to perform in real time even when there are four vehicles in the scene. An additional contribution is that the authors manually labelled 38,351 bounding boxes on 6,239 images from public datasets and made the annotations publicly available to the research community.
Enhanced electromechanical performance through chemistry graft copper phthalocyanine to siloxane‐modified polyurethane and interpenetrate with siloxane silicon rubber as composite actuator material
Authors: Huang Tingting , Yuan Bolei , Tang Jun , Zhang Yunhe 
Published: February 2021

AbstractResearchers are devoted to developing dielectric elastomers (DEs) with excellent electromechanical properties as an artificial muscle material. The authors report a new class of semi‐interpenetrating network (semi‐IPN) composites that contains siloxane‐modified linear polyurethane (PU) and silicone rubber through reasonable design of polymer structure. The organic‐filler copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) is chemically grafted into the semi‐interpenetrating network as a cross‐linking point and exhibits excellent dispersibility in the matrix. The various properties of the obtained composite films are also evaluated. The dielectric constant (8.65 at 1 kHz) and maximum actuation strain at 30 MV m−1 (5.32%) are significantly higher than those of semi‐IPN composites.
Electromagnetic interference‐based comparative study between transformerless H5 and optimised H5 grid‐connected photovoltaic inverters
Authors: Kraiem Sana , Hamouda Mahmoud , Ben Hadj Slama Jaleleddine 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this study, a comparative study between two single‐phase transformerless grid‐connected photovoltaic (PV) inverters, namely H5 and optimised H5 (oH5), is carried out based on conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) performance. For this purpose, a high‐frequency (HF) model of the grid‐connected inverters is proposed and simulated using Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE)‐based circuit simulation software. Moreover, an experimental setup is developed to measure the conducted emissions. The obtained results show an EMI advantage of the oH5 inverter at low frequencies but not at HF frequencies. Therefore, a mitigation method is proposed to optimise the oH5 topology in the HF range. It consists in using only one Resistor–Capacitor (RC) snubber circuit connected in parallel with the inverter's extra switch. The obtained results show that the oH5 inverter with only one RC snubber circuit provides lower conducted EMI than the H5 in a wider frequency range without worsening the efficiency. The proposed EMI mitigation method can therefore be considered as an adequate and preferred solution for the transformerless grid‐connected oH5 PV inverter.