bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a qPCR‐based method for counting overwintering spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) larvae collected during fall surveys and for assessing their natural enemy load: a proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Djoumad Abdelmadjid , Tanguay Philippe , Régnière Jacques , Trudel Guylaine , Morrison Andrew , Fournier Cédric , Carleton Drew , Nisole Audrey , Stewart Don , Cusson Michel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn eastern Canada, surveys of overwintering 2nd instar spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) larvae (‘L2s’) are carried out each fall to guide insecticide application decisions in the following spring. These surveys involve the collection of fir and spruce branches in selected stands, followed by the mechanical/chemical removal of larvae. The latter then are counted manually on filter papers, using a stereomicroscope. Considering the significant effort and difficulties which this manual counting entails, we developed a quantitative (q)PCR‐based ‘molecular counting’ approach designed to make this step less tedious.RESULTSUsing the C. fumiferana mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene as a target for qPCR DNA quantification, we show that the amount of DNA in a larval extract is strongly correlated with the number of larvae used to generate that extract, and that molecular estimates of L2 counts are comparable to those generated using the manual approach. In addition, we used the same DNA extracts to monitor the microsporidian pathogen Nosema fumiferanae, and the hymenopteran parasitoids Glypta fumiferanae and Apanteles fumiferanae in overwintering L2s employing a subset of a TaqMan assay developed by Nisole et al. (2020) for the identification of budworm natural enemies. We show that the proportion of individuals affected by each natural enemy in samples containing a known number of larvae can be estimated from presence/absence data through the binomial probability distribution.CONCLUSIONThe present proof‐of‐principle study shows that a molecular approach for counting L2s and assessing their natural enemy load is clearly possible and is expected to generate reliable results. © 2021 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. Reproduced with the permission of the Minister of Natural Resources Canada.
Joint estimation of state, parameter, and unknown input for nonlinear systems: A composite estimation scheme
Authors: Wang Licheng , Luo Qi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study is concerned with the joint estimation problem for a class of nonlinear systems with the simultaneous unknown of the system state, the parameter, as well as the input signal. A composite estimation scheme is proposed where the estimator consists of both linear and nonlinear components, under which the estimation performance is improved. The analysis and synthesis issues of the developed estimation algorithm are addressed for both the continuous‐time case and the discrete‐time case. By utilizing the Lyapunov stability theory combined with the singular value decomposition technique, sufficient conditions are established for both continuous‐time and discrete‐time cases to guarantee the convergence of the estimation error, rather than the boundedness in most of the existing literature. To facilitate the algorithm implementation in practical engineering, the Newton–Raphson method is adopted to deal with the feasibility issue for the discrete‐time case. Numerical simulations are provided for both the continuous‐ and discrete‐time cases to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed joint estimation strategies.
Disruptive moments as opportunities towards justice‐oriented pedagogical practice in Informal Science Learning
Authors: Calabrese Barton Angela , Greenberg Day , Kim Won J. , Brien Sinead , Roby ReAnna , Balzer Micaela , Turner Carmen , Archer Louise 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDespite the promise of Informal Science Learning settings (ISLs) in supporting youth science engagement in ways that value their experiences and communities, in practice, such opportunities are limited. While some ISLs promote more culturally relevant approaches to science engagement, many still reflect White supremacist and patriarchal worldviews in discourse and practice. In Research Practice Partnerships, we engaged eight ISL educators from two partner sites—a community center and science center, and youth from across their six programs. Using participatory ethnography we explore how educators' pedagogical practices supported youth in codeveloping more justice‐oriented ISL experiences—experiences which disrupt these dominant and oppressive norms. Our analysis pays attention, in particular, to those fraught moments when youth, in interaction with peers and educators, sought to disrupt their ISL experience in ways that centered and amplified their lives, hopes, and desires for being and learning in ISL and humanized the ISL learning community. Two kinds of pedagogical response patterns emerged that we report on in our findings: (1) collaborative critique and (2) critically being with each other towards new relationalities. We discuss how these two practices centered political and ethical dimensions of teaching and learning, fundamentally shifting power and relationalities towards new ISL possibilities. We also discuss how these practices involved leveraging specific moments to resee youths' activities in new ways, making visible how an ISL space limited opportunities for youth visibility of presence in science—a kind of pausing for justice.
Kamikihito improves cancer‐related fatigue in castration‐resistant prostate cancer patients receiving enzalutamide: Multidimensional approach including metabolomics analysis
Authors: Tamada Satoshi , Iguchi Taro , Kato Minoru , Yamasaki Takeshi , Tsuchiya Naoko , Ohbuchi Katsuya , Shimobori Chika , Nojima Junzo , Yasuda Sayaka , Ebisu Kyoko , Watanabe Yasuyoshi 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTAimWe have previously reported the therapeutic benefits of kamikihito for managing cancer‐related fatigue (CRF) in patients with hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer. Now, due to the routine use of enzalutamide and similar agents for treating castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), managing enzalutamide‐related fatigue is imperative. Here, we objectively evaluated the effectiveness of kamikihito on fatigue in CRPC patients receiving enzalutamide.MethodsKamikihito was administered for 12 weeks to 11 patients receiving enzalutamide. We measured the changes in the levels of fatigue (using the Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS)), depression (using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D)), oxidative stress (by measuring derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d‐ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) levels), various cytokines, insomnia (using actigraphy), and in‐vivo metabolites (by metabolomics analysis).ResultsKamikihito improved CFS and CES‐D scores, thus improving fatigue and depression in enzalutamide‐treated patients; however, it did not improve oxidative stress levels. Further, actigraphy showed prolongation of sleeping time, while the levels of various cytokines showed no change. Metabolomics analysis confirmed decrease in lipids and increase in amino acids that correlated with improvement in fatigue.ConclusionKamikihito corrected the abnormalities in lipid metabolism, which may have improved the production of amino acids, leading to reduced CRF in CRPC patients receiving enzalutamide.
LncRNA SNHG14 contributes to proinflammatory cytokine production in rheumatoid arthritis via the regulation of the miR‐17‐5p/MINK1‐JNK pathway
Authors: Zhang Jihui , Lei Hongwei , Li Xiu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a widespread autoimmune disorder of the joints. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to participate in the pathogenesis of RA by serving as competitive endogenous RNAs. LncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 (SNHG14) is involved in the development of various diseases. Here, we found that high expression of SNHG14 in RA was closely related to the disease activity. Functional assays indicated that SNHG14 knockdown obviously hampered phorbol myristate acetate‐activated THP‐1 (pTHP‐1) cell proliferation and proinflammatory cytokines production. In mechanism, SNHG14 served as a sponge of microRNA‐17‐5p (miR‐17‐5p), and misshapen like kinase 1 (MINK1) was a target of miR‐17‐5p. SNHG14 depletion‐induced inhibitory effects on cell proliferation and inflammatory response were reversed by MINK1 overexpression in macrophages. Moreover, SNHG14 promoted the jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) signaling via the miR‐17‐5p/MINK1 axis. Overall, SNHG14 boosted the process of RA by MINK1 activating the JNK pathway.
Phosphorylation of p53 by Cdk5 contributes to benzo[a]pyrene‐induced neuronal apoptosis
Authors: Nie Jisheng , Zhang Yu , Ning Lijun , Yan Zhiwei , Duan Lei , Xi Huaxing , Niu Qiao , Zhang Qunwei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBenzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a ubiquitous carcinogenic pollutant in the environment, however, the potential neurotoxic effects of B[a]P has not been elucidated clearly. In the present study, we explored the potential involvement of p53 phosphorylation by Cdk5 in B[a]P‐induced neuronal apoptosis at both in vitro and in vivo settings. For in vitro studies, primary cortical neurons isolated from the brains of Sprague Dawley (SD) rat pup were exposed to 0, 10, 20, and 40 μM of B[a]P for 12, 24, or 48 h. For in vivo studies, SD rats were injected intraperitoneally with 0, 1.0, 2.5, and 6.25 mg/kg of B[a]P every other day for 1, 2, or 3 months. Our results demonstrated that exposure to B[a]P caused a dose‐ and a time‐dependent increase in neuronal apoptotic ratio in both in vitro and in vivo studies. There was also a dose‐ and a time‐dependent upregulation of p35, p25, Cdk5, and phosphorylated p53 at Ser15 after B[a]P exposure. In order to explore whether B[a]P‐induced increased neuronal apoptosis was through Cdk5/p53 pathway, roscovitine, a specific Cdk5 inhibitor, was applied to pretreat neurons prior to B[a]P exposure. The results showed that pretreatment of neurons with roscovitine partially rescued cells from B[a]P‐induced apoptosis, and alleviated B[a]P‐induced upregulation of phosphorylated p53 at Ser15. Our results suggest that Cdk5/p53 signaling pathway may be involved in B[a]P‐induced neuronal apoptosis, which will provide information to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms of B[a]P‐induced neurotoxicity.
Recent fabrications and applications of cardiac patch in myocardial infarction treatment
Authors: Li Mei , Wu Hao , Yuan Yuehui , Hu Benhui , Gu Ning 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMyocardial infarction caused by coronary artery obstruction results in the loss of heart muscle, which is subsequently replaced by scar tissue with limited therapeutic options. Cardiac patch based therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of severe myocardial infarction. They are designed to be attached to the surface of the heart, that is, they are meant to “patch” the injured heart, thus restoring the damaged or failing myocardium locally through mechanical and regeneration support. The engineered three‐dimension cardiac patch is composed of biomaterial scaffolds with/without cells or inducible factors, which is typically manufactured by decellularize extracellular matrix, electrospinning, three‐dimension printing, hydrogels, or by stacking cell sheets. In this review, we outline the latest advances of the construction methods and beneficial effects of cardiac patches used in animal and clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases, especially in myocardial infarction. We discuss the cell souring of cell‐based patches, the types of biomolecules for cell‐free patches, and their engineering methods. In addition, the method of implanting the cardiac patch to the injured heart is also described. Finally, we briefly outlook the future challenges and probable solutions in this area.
The effect of live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as probiotic supply on growth performance, feed intake, ruminal pH and fermentation in fattening calves
Authors: Maamouri Omar , Ben Salem Mondher 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundLive yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used for a long time in ruminant feed as a probiotic supply on the intensifying system to avoid acidosis.ObjectivesThis study investigated the effects of addition of live yeast S. cerevisiae in calf feed on growth, rumen pH and in vitro digestibility.MethodsSixteen Holstein calves were divided into two homogeneous groups corresponding to body weight. The ration comprises wheat straw 5 kg dry matter (DM)/calf/day and 8 kg DM/calf/day concentrate for the control group C and for the group LY. Each calf of the live yeast group LY gets more than C group, 28 g/calf/day of live yeast S. cerevisiae powder on the concentrate.ResultsThis supplementation improves significantly (p < 0.003) the mean daily gain during the trial (ADG) with 400 g/calf. A notable increase (p < 0.004) was seen in final body weight gain (FWG) with 39.1 kg/calf. The live yeast supplementation decreases the feed intake and significantly (p < 0.05) the feed conversion rate (FCR) average. The live yeast S. cerevisiae as probiotic supply in ruminant feed improves the growth performance and feed efficiency in fattening calves.ConclusionsIn conclusion, we mentioned that live yeast supply induces a considerable advance in growth performance for calves.
Unsafe drinking water distribution in Nguba area, South‐Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Mulungula Masilya Pascal , Ngomakasa Musay Pierre , Cizungu Murhula Alexis 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo meet the growing demand for water in Bukavu town in Democratic Republic of The Congo, REGIDESO has installed a new water treatment plant in Nyalukemba district in the middle of the Bukavu town to treat water taken directly from Lake Kivu. This water is served to 2,133 households (or 17,064 inhabitants) subscribing to REGIDESO living in the Nguba and Muhumba localities. The purpose of this study is to analyze the physicochemical and microbiological quality of this water. The results of water samples taken at different sites in the circuit of collection, treatment, and distribution of this water reveal that the water used for treatment as well as the treated water is unfit for human consumption. The variations of physicochemical parameters and microbiological groups observed at different points in the distribution circuit show that REGIDESO is providing unsafe water to its subscribers. At the end of this article, we make recommendations to change this situation and suggest to the population consuming this water to boil it before any consumption to avoid water related health risks.
KTP—Collectively Improving Air Quality in Krakow: A New Air Quality Plan for the Małopolska Region
Authors: Włodarczyk-Gębik Agnieszka , Gabriel Aleksandra , Dubis Maria , Machowska Monika 
Published: September 2021

AbstractKTP’s project relates to the challenge of air pollution and the need to improve quality of life in Kraków and the Kraków Metropolitan Area. The aim is to improve the quality of the air by motivating citizens to change their ecological attitudes, transport and heating habits and support decision makers with relevant tools and instruments for better co-creation of local new policies with a user-centered approach.
Sektionseinleitung II: Anthropologie und Wissen
Authors: Toepfer Regina 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungÜbersetzen ist eine kulturstiftende Praxis, bei der Inhalte in ein neues Sprachsystem überführt, Literatur- und Wissensformationen ausgebildet und zugleich Machtrelationen austariert werden. Weil Übersetzungen aus konkreten Anlässen entstehen, bestimmten Zwecken dienen, in spezifische Kontexte gehören und situativ unterschiedlich verstanden werden, sind sie ein basales Instrument des Wissenstransfers und haben eine zentrale gesellschaftsnormierende und kulturkonstruierende Bedeutung. Die Einleitung zu Sektion 2 richtet ihren Fokus auf das Wissen, das beim Übersetzen erschlossen, neu geordnet und erweitert wird und das Rückschlüsse auf zugrundeliegende soziale, diskursive und anthropologische Konzepte erlaubt.
Introduction to Section II: Anthropology and Knowledge*
Authors: Toepfer Regina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTranslation is a culture-forming practice that transmits content into a new language system. In the process, it contributes to shaping the development of literature and knowledge and even has the capacity to balance power relationships. Because translations arise from specific occasions, serve specific purposes, belong to specific contexts, and are understood differently depending on the situation, they are a fundamental instrument of knowledge transfer and play a key role in the normalization of society and the construction of culture. The introduction to the second section of this volume focuses on the knowledge that is accessed, reclassified, and expanded during the translation process and that permits conclusions to be drawn about underlying social, discursive, and anthropological concepts.
‘Alī al-Sharafīʼs 1551 Atlas: A Construct Full of Riddles
Authors: de Castro León Víctor , Tiburcio Alberto 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the practices of translation in the 1551 Atlas of ‘Alī al-Sharafī of Sfax (d. after 1579). Drawing on conceptual frameworks from translation studies, linguistics, and other disciplines of textual and historical analysis, we argue that the iconographic and textual elements of the atlas –such as calendrical tables,qiblacharts, knot patterns in frames, and depictions of flags and banners in sectional charts– reflect a quest for ways to culturally adapt map-making practices that were shared across the Mediterranean realm. As such, the product in question cannot be fully understood through the lens of traditional dichotomies such as Islamic vs. Christian or European vs. Middle Eastern or North African, as its cultural references and semiotic repertoire extend beyond subregional and confessional demarcations.
Translationsstrategien in Texten der Evangelisierung und der indigenen Rechtsprechung in Neu-Spanien
Authors: Schrader-Kniffki Martina , Klamp Yannic , Kneifel Malte 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungThis paper sets out to reconstruct concepts of translation between Spanish and indigenous languages that were prevalent in religious as well as notarial contexts in colonial Mexico (more specifically in a district within the state of Oaxaca) between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. To this end, we analyse Christian doctrinal texts translated from Spanish into the Zapotec language by Dominican friars in order to propagate the Christian faith, as well as notarial texts in the form of testaments written in Zapotec by the indigenous population and translated into Spanish in order to be submitted as evidence in court. We pay particular attention to the use and translation of the Christian concept of the Trinity, which is used in both text types, and show that it is subject to various explicit and implicit translational norms and strategies, depending on the translation context.
König, Königin, Königinmutter
Authors: Maier Lukas 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungUnder King Charles I, Queen Henrietta Maria, and the exiled French Queen Mother Maria de’ Medici, St James’s Palace in London became the scene of various cultural translation processes that were subject to different strategies and objectives. Henrietta Maria not only presented herself as the mother of the future Stuart kings, but also emphasized her Bourbon heritage with her French bedroom suite. Charles I staged himself as British emperor in the gallery and garden by translating the display context of artworks in continental European collections. Translation efforts could also have a mediating function, as can be seen in Inigo Jones’ Queen's Chapel and the apartment of Marie de’ Medici, which combined both English and French court ceremonial.
Galilean electrodynamics: covariant formulation and Lagrangian
Authors: Mehra Aditya , Sanghavi Yaman 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we construct a single Lagrangian for both limits of Galilean electrodynamics. The framework relies on a covariant formalism used in describing Galilean geometry. We write down the Galilean conformal algebra and its representation in this formalism. We also show that the Lagrangian is invariant under the Galilean conformal algebra in d = 4 and calculate the energy-momentum tensor.
Instanton worldlines in five-dimensional Ω-deformed gauge theory
Authors: Lambert N. , Lipstein A. , Mouland R. , Richmond P. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We discuss the Bosonic sector of a class of supersymmetric non-Lorentzian five-dimensional gauge field theories with an SU(1, 3) conformal symmetry. These actions have a Lagrange multiplier which imposes a novel Ω-deformed anti-self-dual gauge field constraint. Using a generalised ’t Hooft ansatz we find the constraint equation linearizes allowing us to construct a wide class of explicit solutions. These include finite action configurations that describe worldlines of anti-instantons which can be created and annihilated. We also describe the dynamics on the constraint surface.
Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen: gesetzliche Einführung patientenzentrierter digitaler Innovationen in die Gesundheitsversorgung
Authors: Ludewig Gottfried , Klose Christian , Hunze Lars , Matenaar Sophia 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungMit dem Digitale-Versorgung-Gesetz (DVG) und der Digitale-Gesundheitsanwendungen-Verordnung (DiGAV) wurden digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA) definiert und als Regelleistung der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) eingeführt; mit dem Digitale Versorgung und Pflege – Modernisierungs-Gesetz (DVPMG) wurde der neue Leistungsbereich weiter ausgestaltet. Anwendungen, die ein zügiges dreimonatiges Prüfverfahren („Fast-Track-Verfahren“) beim Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte (BfArM) erfolgreich durchlaufen haben und im DiGA-Verzeichnis des BfArM gelistet sind, können nunmehr von jedem Arzt und Psychotherapeuten zulasten der GKV verordnet werden.Auch eine Aufnahme zur Erprobung mit der Verpflichtung zur Durchführung einer Studie ist möglich. Damit hat der Gesetzgeber die dynamische Entwicklung im Bereich der mobilen Anwendungen aufgenommen und digitale Innovationen für Patienten in der Versorgung verfügbar gemacht. Der gesetzte Rahmen ist dabei so konzipiert, dass DiGA potenziell nicht nur die Therapieanteile beim Patienten unterstützen und Bereiche wie Selbstmanagement, Gesundheitskompetenz und Adhärenz stärken, sondern auch die Versorgungsabläufe zwischen Patienten und Leistungserbringern in vielfacher Weise besser gestalten können.Die umfangreichen Vorgaben zur Interoperabilität mit Hilfsmitteln und Implantaten einerseits und der elektronischen Patientenakte (ePA) andererseits unterstützen diese Entwicklungsperspektive. Insgesamt wird es darauf ankommen, DiGA als Bestandteil nutzerfreundlicher, digital gestützter Prozesse in die Versorgung einzubinden. Dazu wird in den kommenden Jahren das initiale Regelungswerk vor dem Hintergrund der mit den neuen Produkten und dem neuen Prüfverfahren gesammelten Erfahrungen stetig angepasst und weiterentwickelt werden.