bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enzyme Replacement Therapy for Genetic Disorders Associated with Enzyme Deficiency
Authors: Marchetti Marialaura , Faggiano Serena , Mozzarelli Andrea 
Published: May 2021

:Mutations in human genes might lead to the loss of functional proteins, causing diseases. Among these genetic disorders, a large class is associated with the deficiency in metabolic enzymes, resulting in both an increase in the concentration of substrates and a loss in the metabolites produced by the catalyzed reactions. The identification of therapeu-tic actions based on small molecules represents a challenge to medicinal chemists because the target is missing. Alternative approaches are biology-based, ranging from gene and stem cell therapy, CRISPR/Cas9 technology, distinct types of RNAs, and enzyme replace-ment therapy (ERT). This review will focus on the latter approach that since the 1990s has been successfully applied to cure many rare diseases, most of them being lysosomal stor-age diseases or metabolic diseases. So far, a dozen enzymes have been approved by FDA/EMA for lysosome storage disorders and only a few for metabolic diseases. Enzymes for replacement therapy are mainly produced in mammalian cells and some in plant cells and yeasts and are further processed to obtain active, highly bioavailable, less degradable products. Issues still under investigation for the increase in ERT efficacy are the optimiza-tion of the interaction of the enzymes with cell membrane and internalization, the reduction in immunogenicity, and the overcoming of blood-brain barrier limitations when neuronal cells need to be targeted. Overall, ERT has demonstrated its efficacy and safety in the treatment of many genetic rare diseases, both saving newborn lives and improving pa-tients’ life quality, and represents a very successful example of targeted biologics.
Value of Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the
Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Gonçalves Mateus Aquino , Pereira Bruna T.L. , Tavares Camila A. , Santos Taináh M.R. , da Cunha Elaine F.F. , Ramalho Teodorico C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract:
This review article aims to address the main features of breast cancer. Thus, the general
aspects of this disease have been shown since the first evidence of breast cancer in the world until the
numbers today. In this way, there are some ways to prevent breast cancer, such as the woman's lifestyle
(healthy eating habits and physical activities) that helps to reduce the incidence of this anomaly.
The first noticeable symptom of this anomaly is typically a lump that feels different from the rest of
the breast tissue. More than 80% of breast cancer are discovered when the woman feels a lump being
present and about 90% of the cases, the cancer is noticed by the woman herself. Currently, the most
used method for the detection of cancer and other injuries is the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
technique. This technique has been shown to be very effective, however, for a better visualization of
the images, Contrast Agents (CAs) are used, which are paramagnetic compounds capable of increasing
the relaxation of the hydrogen atoms of the water molecules present in the body tissues. The most
used CAs are Gd3+ complexes, although they are very efficient, they are toxic to the organism. Thus,
new contrast agents have been studied to replace Gd3+ complexes; we can mention iron oxides as a
promising substitute.
Does Proctologic Surgery Really Influence Sexual Behaviors?
Authors: Sturiale Alessandro , Fabiani Bernardina , Dowais Raad , Porzio Felipe Celedon , Gallo Gaetano , Martellucci Jacopo , Menconi Claudia , Morganti Riccardo , Naldini Gabriele 
Published: May 2021

Introduction:
The percentage of the heterosexual population that has experienced and
regularly has anal intercourse ranges from 20% to 35% in the USA. This practice increases to 95%
in certain populations, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people. Due to the lack of
data in the literature about the effect of proctologic surgery on anal intercourse, this study aimed to
assess the impact of this surgery on sexual behavior in both genders.

Materials and Methods:
From March 2016 to February 2018, an anonymous questionnaire was
submitted to all patients aged >18 who had undergone proctologic surgery in one of two surgical
units at tertiary referral centers and was assessed independently of gender. The exclusion criteria
were incomplete healing and <3 months follow-up.

Results:
In total, 929 patients answered the questionnaire in full. The overall prevalence of preoperative
anal intercourse was 22.5%. The rate of anal intercourse among men was 16.7%, while
among women, it was 28.9%. The overall postoperative rate of anal intercourse was 11.8%. The
rate of postoperative anal intercourse among those who regularly engaged in anal intercourse preoperatively
was 52.6%, with a 47.4% rate of non-completion (p <0.0001). The experiences reported
during intercourse after surgery were mainly pain, stiffness, and partner discomfort.

Conclusion:
Considering the statistically significant postoperative AI abandonment rate following
all types of proctologic surgery, the surgeon has a duty to both treat the disease and to inform the
patient about the possible consequences regarding its influence on anal intercourse.
Qigefang Inhibits Migration, Invasion, and Metastasis of ESCC by Inhibiting Gas6/Axl Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wu Zhongbing , Zhao Yang , Yu Fuyang , Shi Huijuan , Li Jing 
Published: May 2021

Background:
In recent years, there is an increasing interest in using Traditional Chinese
Medicine (TCM) and their patents for the treatment of cancers. Qigefang (QGF) is a TCM formula
and has been used for the treatment of metastatic esophageal cancer in China. However, its therapeutic
effect on tumors and its mechanism of action is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to
explore the role of QGF in the treatment of metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma(
ESCC).

Methods:
Human esophageal carcinoma cell line KYSE150 was used for this study. CCK-8 assay
was used to determine the cytotoxicity of QGF. The KYSE150 cells were treated with QGF to determine
its effect on cell migration (cell scratch assay and imaging) and invasion (Transwell system
based with Matrigel assay). Western blotting was used to investigate the effect of QGF on relevant
molecules of signaling pathways. A mouse model of lung metastasis of esophageal cancer was
established by injecting the KYSE150-Luc cells through the tail vein. A small animal imaging system
was used to observe tumor metastasis in the mice.

Results:
QGF reduced cell migration and invasion of KYSE150 cells. QGF significantly inhibited
lung metastasis in nude mice. Further study revealed that the expression of Growth arrest-specific
6 (Gas6), Anexelekto (Axl), N-Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and matrix metalloproteinase-9
(MMP-9) proteins were decreased both in vitro and in vivo upon treatment with QGF.

Conclusion:
QGF could prevent invasion and metastasis of esophageal cancer by inhibiting the
Gas6/Axl signaling pathway.
Pengaruh Non Performing Loan (Npl) dan Return On Asset (ROA) Terhadap Penyaluran Kredit Lembaga Perkreditan Desa di Kecamatan Sukawati
Authors: Pranadhi I Made Waka Sapta Anggi , Bagiada Kompiang , Giri Ni Putu Rediatni 
Published: May 2021

Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) memiliki peranan yang sangat besar terhadap ekonomi desa, karena LPD sebagai perantara untuk menghimpun dana dalam bentuk simpanan, dan menyalurkannya kembali dalam bentuk kredit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Non Performing Loan (NPL) dan Return on Asset (ROA) terhadap Penyaluran Kredit LPD di Kecamatan Sukawati secara simultan dan secara parsial. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif sedangkan teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa NPL dan ROA secara simultan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Penyaluran Kredit LPD di Kecamatan Sukawati. NPL dan ROA secara parsial tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Penyaluran Kredit LPD di Kecamatan Sukawati.
PENGEMBANGAN USAHA UMKM DI MASA PANDEMI MELALUI OPTIMALISASI PENGGUNAAN DAN PENGELOLAAN MEDIA DIGITAL
Authors: Raharja Sam'un Jaja , Natari Sari Usih 
Published: May 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 telah melanda banyak negara, termasuk Indonesia. Covid-19 telah menimbulkan dampak di berbagai sektor termasuk Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah diantaranya yakni turunnya jumlah penjualan. Kegiatan Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat dilakukan untuk memberi bimbingan dalam mengatasi dampak tersebut melalui penggunaan dan pengelolaan media digital yang sesuai. Dengan menggunakan dan mengelola media digital, diharapkan para pelaku usaha dapat menentukan jenis media digital yang tepat untuk produk yang dipasarkan, meningkatkan awareness serta ketertarikan masyarakat mengenai produk. Metode yang digunakan adalah pelatihan secara virtual menggunakan Zoom Meeting. Materi kegiatan berupa ini adalah strategi penggunaan dan pengelolaan media digital, optimalisasi digital marketing serta branding produk untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pembuatan konten yang menarik, promosi serta sebagai media alternatif bagi pelaku usaha bidang jasa. Media digital yang digunakan antara lain Instagram, Facebook WhatsApp, GrabFood/Go-Food, Tokopediadan platform lainnya.Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan dan bimbingan yang diberikan memberikan dampak positif bagi para pelaku usaha dengan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan tentang media digital, peningkatan pengetahuan berbagai media yang dapat digunakan dan adanya peningkatan keterampilan dalam penggunaan dan pengelolaan media digital dalam branding. Rekomendasi yang dapat disampaikan adalah adanya keberlanjutan program pembinaan bagi para pelaku usaha sehingga dapat menerapkan dan mengelola media digital secara optimal.
PENGUATAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT KOMUNITAS LESTARI FARM DALAM MENJAGA KETAHANAN PANGAN MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sagita Novie Indrawati , Deliarnoor Nandang Alamsah , Afifah Dian Fitriani 
Published: May 2021

Komunitas Lestari Farm dibentuk untuk menghadapi situasi Pandemi Covid-19 dengan tujuan menjaga ketahanan pangan keluarga, meningkatkan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan warga. Komunitas ini melakukan kegiatan budidaya pertanian dan perikanan. Sejak komunitas terbentuk, keterlibatan warga dalam kegiatan budidaya masih rendah. Tujuan kegiatan ini dilakukan untuk menguatkan pemberdayaan masyarakat pada Komunitas Lestari Farm dan dapat menguatkan komitmen anggota untuk mencapai tujuan bersama. Kegiatan penyuluhan penguatan pemberdayaan masyarakat dilakukan secara daring, mengingat situasi Covid-19 yang tidak memungkinkan tim dan peserta bertemu langsung secara tatap muka. Kegiatan ini diawali dengan tahap persiapan yakni penggalian data, dan ditindaklanjuti dengan kegiatan evaluasi mengenai keberlanjutan Komunitas Lestari Farm. Hasil dari kegiatan ini berupa mendiskusikan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya partisipasi warga. Faktor tersebut disebabkan karena tidak dilaksanakannya tahapan pemberdayaan masyarakat sebagaimana mestinya, yang diawali dengan tahap formulation action plan yang tidak sesuai sehingga berdampak pada tahap implementation hingga tahap evaluasi. Solusi yang dihasilkan pada kegiatan ini berupa penyusunan model penguatan pemberdayaan masyarakat Komunitas Lestari Farm, serta peningkatan kegiatan forum komunikasi yang saling menguatkan pengetahuan, ketrampilan dan memotivasi sesama anggota.
Substantial record of whitecheek monocle bream, Scolopsis vosmeri (Family: Nemipteridae), from Iraqi marine waters
Authors: Jawad Laith A. , Mutlak Falah M. , AL-Faisal Abbas J. , Waryani Baradi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Three specimens of whitecheek monocle bream, Scolopsis vosmeri (Bloch) were collected from Iraqi marine waters in the northwest Arabian Gulf. This is a substantial, confirmed record of this species from Iraqi marine waters. Body coloration characterizes this species. The presence of this species was revealed as a result of comprehensive ichthyological investigative work in the area.
How does the ski boot affect human gait and joint loading?
Authors: Lann vel Lace Karol , Błażkiewicz Michalina 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Study aim: To investigate the effect of wearing ski boots on kinematic and kinetic parameters of lower limbs during gait. Furthermore, loads in lower limb joints were assessed using the musculoskeletal model.

Material and methods: The study examined 10 healthy women with shoe size 40 (EUR). Kinematic and kinetic data of walking in ski boots and barefoot were collected using a Vicon system and Kistler plates. A musculoskeletal model derived from AnyBody Modeling System was used to calculate joint reaction forces.

Results: Wearing ski boots caused the range of motion in the knee joint to be significantly smaller and the hip joint to be significantly larger. Muscle torques were significantly greater in walking in ski boots for the knee and hip joints. Wearing ski boots reduced the reaction forces in the lower limb joints by 18% for the ankle, 16% for the knee, and 39% for the hip.

Conclusions: Ski boot causes changes in the ranges of angles in the lower limb joints and increases muscle torques in the knee and hip joints but it does not increase the load on the joints. Walking in a ski boot is not destructive in terms of forces acting in the lower limb joints.
Sustainable Operational Analysis of the Cultivation of Indonesian Thunnus albacares by Bioeconomic Approach
Authors: Primyastanto Mimit , Lestariadi Rizky Agung , Haris Ade Khadar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to describe the characteristics and cultivation conditions of Thunnus albacares in Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP, shore-port fisheries) of Labuhan Lombok, East Lombok. Data was collected by a simple random sample using a questionnaire for 30 fishing boats. Primary data was collected by interview with respondents and field observation, while secondary data was obtained from records of PPP in Labuhan Lombok, BPS and DKP, East Lombok. Results showed that East Lombok has a high potential for T. albacares cultivation as well as eco-friendly fishery cultivation; this is practiced by local fishermen who commonly use traditional boats sized 4-7 GT complete with fishing utilities, including handline rods and trolling rods. From a biological aspect, there was open access to T. albaceros in 2006, followed by biological overfishing in 2007, and economic overfishing in 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011. The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) reached 922,518.18 kg per year (MSY level 3,313 per year). The resource optimization of T. albaceros reached the peak of maximum economic yield (MEY) valued at IDR 24,693,982,361, with fish haul efforts from 2,063 annual trips yielding 791,270.90 kg of tuna per year.
Quercetin Improves the Endocrine Function of Rat Testicular Tissue Under in Vitro Conditions
Authors: Benko Filip , Hrnčiar Patrik , Lukáč Norbert , Kirchner Róbert , Tvrdá Eva 
Published: May 2021

Summary
Compounds of natural origin are often used for their beneficial effects on the male endocrine system and the synthesis of steroid biomolecules in testicular tissue. One of such compounds is quercetin (QUE), which belongs to the flavonoid family and is found in a wide range of vegetables, fruits and plant products. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of QUE on the endocrine function of rat testicular fragments under in vitro conditions. Testicular fragments from adult Wistar rats (n=9), cultured in the D-MEM medium with different concentrations of QUE (namely 1, 10 and 100 µmol/L) for 24 h at 37°C (5% CO2), were used in the experiment conducted. Following culture, the medium was separated and the levels of cholesterol (CHOL) and male hormones were measured. CHOL values were quantified spectrophotometrically, whereas the concentrations of androstenedione (ANDRO), dehydropeiandrosterone (DHEA) and testosterone (TEST) were quantified using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) commercial kit. The results obtained indicate that 10 µmol/L QUE significantly increased (P<0.001; P<0.05) the concentrations of all the steroid biomolecules considered (CHOL, ANDRO, DHEA and TEST) when compared to the control samples. Accordingly, our findings confirm the positive impact of QUE on the endocrine function and steroidogenesis of rat testicular tissue under in vitro conditions.
Creating Maps in R (Case Study: National Park “Fruška Gora”)
Authors: Lakićević Milena 
Published: May 2021

Summary
This paper aims to present the possibilities for creating maps in the programming language R. Even though R is primarily developed as a statistical program, its application in the area of mapping and spatial statistics is becoming frequent and highly relevant. Many R packages make the mapping process easier and user-friendly, and this paper presents the most commonly used ones: “leaflet”, “ggplot2” and “ggmap”. The selection of the R package depends on the user’s proficiency in R programming but also depends on the visual quality of the map the user wants to gain. Based on the questionnaire conducted in this research, the paper recommends application of the “leaflet” package for the beginners, the “ggplot2” package for medium proficient users, and the “ggmap” package for the most advanced R users. After creating maps in R it is possible to conduct additional analysis related to processing of the spatial data contained within, and this would be a recommendation for future research. In this paper, the mapping process is demonstrated on the case study of the National Park “Fruška gora” in Serbia, and different types of maps are presented.
Attitude of Vegetable Farmers in Galle District in Sri Lanka Towards Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)
Authors: Malkanthi S. H. P. , Thenuwara A.M. , Weerasinghe W A R N 
Published: May 2021

Summary
Vegetable farmers are facing a number of challenges including price fluctuations, production and marketing problems, low level of income etc. One strategy to overcome these problems is adoption of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) in vegetable production. However, there is limited information regarding farmers’ awareness of GAP and its applications under the circumstances of farming in the country. Therefore, assessing farmers’ attitude is a timely requirement for directing farmers towards good agricultural practices. Thus, the objectives of the research were to assess the level of awareness of GAP program, relationship between socio-economic factors and awareness of GAP, farmers’ attitudes towards GAP program, factors affecting the willingness to adopt GAP program and the potentials and constraints in implementing GAP program in Galle District. A sample of 100 vegetable farmers in the district was selected through a multi-stage simple random sampling technique. Data were collected from March to July 2018, through a self-administered questionnaire survey and analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. The results revealed that the majority of vegetable farmers in the district were middle-aged males who had studied up to GCE ordinary level and they received a monthly income of 24000 LKR. Their age, gender, educational level and experience were significantly associated with the level of awareness of GAP program. However, despite their positive attitude towards GAP, most farmers were unwilling to take a risk to adopt GAP due to many issues such as lack of required inputs, capital, required field conditions, information and technical know-how. There are several potentials and also many constraints for implementing GAP in the district. Therefore, providing firstly better theoretical knowledge and then providing the main requirements will motivate more farmers to adopt GAP in their vegetable production procedures. Research studies related to application of GAP by Sri Lankan farmers are still at a lower level. This research thus will be useful for different stakeholders related to adoption of GAP in Sri Lanka.
Geoinformatics Technologies for Preservation of Cultural Heritage, Case Study, Rákóczi-Bánffy Castle, Urmeniș, Bistriţa Năsăud County, Romania
Authors: Rădulescu V.M. , Rădulescu G.M.T. , Naș Sanda , Rădulescu A.T. , Bondrea M. , Rădulescu Corina M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The paper presents an application of the methodology used in the paper “Synthetic analysis of geoinformatics technologies for cultural heritage conservation, methodological approach”. The creation of the 3D model of the Rákóczi-Bánffy Castle in Urmeniș, Bistrița Năsăud County, was done by applying and integrating Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) technologies and aerial photogrammetry performed with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Agisoft Photoscan was used to compare the results and then they were compared with the images scanned using CloudCompare software. Thus, following the performance, with the help of the mentioned software, of a series of processing of the point cloud obtained, through the two imaging technologies, the error between the points belonging to the point cloud taken with UAV and the one taken with Laser Scanner was between 1 and 15 mm, the margin of error being acceptable for monuments without complex architectural details, so that the point cloud resulting from UAVs can be used successfully in this activity. The aim of the paper is to elaborate a geomatic methodology with an optimized cost-quality ratio, later replicable in the analysis of the current state of other constructions of the same type, knowing that over 600 castles in Transylvania alone are in a similar state, and such cases can be found in other Central European states as well.
Dynamism of Landscape Transformation in Ibiono-Ibom, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Isaac Orimoogunje Oluwagbenga O. , Olufemi Adeleke Benjamin , Emmanuel Dada , Adekunle Shote Adebola , Nene Eudoxie-Okafor Aniefiok , Isioma Nwayor Jessica 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Studies have shown that information on landscape transformation is an important benchmark data set because of its value as an environmental change indicator. Therefore, dynamism of landscape transformation over a 34-year period are analysed for a case study in Ibiono-Ibom, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria. The study adopted a mixed method consisting of remote sensing and GIS-based analysis, and semi-structured interviews covering 400 households while factors contributing to landscape structures and changes are studied. The results point out three main driving factors responsible for the landscape transformation in the study area: agricultural practices which lead to intensification of forest resources, riparian vegetation, vegetated wetlands and non-vegetated wetlands; urbanization which modifies the structure and morphology of the landscape, and finally, population growth directly related to massive infrastructural development which encroached on all other land spaces. GIS-based analysis of remotely-sensed data showed that built-up area had increased by 7535.2 ha between 1986 and 2020; shrub and arable land by 1343.9 ha and light forest decreased by 4998.3 ha. While bare-land reduced by 1522.1 ha; vegetated wetland reduced by 1092 ha; water body coverage reduced by 168 ha and non-vegetated wetland size also reduced by 2029.4 ha. Analysis of household survey results revealed that the perceptions of respondents validate the observed patterns during the remotely-sensed data analysis phase of the research, with 54 % (n=400) of respondents reporting a decline in agricultural land use, and 19.3 % (n=400) observing a decline in forest areas in the study area. Furthermore, agricultural intensification, urban development, timber exploitation, firewood collection and increase in settlements were identified as the proximate drivers of these observed landscape transformation dynamics in the study area. The study concluded that the variation in landscape transformation of the study area are clear indication of the extent of biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation in the study area.