bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Derailed by the COVID-19 Economy? Older Adults' Paid Work by Intersections of Age, Gender, Race-Ethnicity, and Class
Authors: Flood Sarah , Moen Phyllis , Pedtke Joseph 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper addresses the uneven employment effects on older Americans (Boomers and Genxers, ages 50-75) of the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on monthly CPS data from January through December 2020 (IPUMS) with an intersectional approach, we first chart shifts in employment and non-employment for population subgroups defined by age, gender and race/ethnicity, including explanations for not working (unemployment, retired, disabled, not in the workforce for other reasons – NILF-other). We then examine uneven transitions --monthly individual-level shifts out of and into paid work for population subgroups, considering also disparities by educational level. We find increases in proportions unemployed, especially for women in their 50s, as well as increases in the proportions reporting they are NILF-Other, especially for Asian and Hispanic women, with small increases for Asian and Hispanic men as well. There is little change in age-graded reports of being retired, regardless of gender or race/ethnicity, though there are education-level effects.
Changes in Sociodemographic and Disease Prevalence Among Five Birth Cohorts of Older Latinos
Authors: Garcia Catherine , Ailshire Jennifer 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Latinos are often treated as an amalgamated group without respect to Latinos' composition included in sampling designs in different periods. This matters because the Latino population is continuously changing over time with respect to migration patterns, socioeconomic status, sociocultural characteristics, and geographic dispersion across the U.S., which may influence disease patterns in later life. We use data from the Health and Retirement Study and the National Health Interview Survey to investigate changes in older Latinos' composition by examining five birth cohorts. Results indicate that there have been significant demographic and health changes over time among older Latinos, with later-born cohorts more racially and ethnically diverse, more educated, and exhibiting a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Understanding these shifting dynamics is imperative for crafting strategies and public policies that meet this group's health needs, reduce the cost of health care, and increase the quality of life for older Latinos.
Influence of Labor Market Disparities on Sex and Gender Inequalities in Cognitive Decline
Authors: Avila-Rieger Justina , Esie Precious , Manly Jennifer 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
State-level labor market disparities have been linked to health outcomes. The current study examines how labor market disparities may shape different patterns of sex/gender inequalities in cognition across race/ethnicity, place, and time. We leverage cognitive outcome data from multiple cohort and nationally representative longitudinal studies, as well as historical data on labor force participation and occupational status from IPUMS CPS. Multilevel modeling analyses was used to examine heterogeneity in sex/gender inequalities in cognitive trajectories within and between race/ethnicity and U.S. state of birth and determine whether such variability is explained by a state-level labor market opportunity composite. We expect women to demonstrate an advantage over men on cognitive measures. Women’s advantage will be more pronounced in states with a small sex/gender gap in labor market opportunities and less pronounced in states with a large gap. The magnitude of this advantage will be greater for White women compared with Black women.
Federal Interventions Targeting Social Isolation and Loneliness: An Exploratory Review
Authors: Palmer Lauren , Howard Jennifer , Voltmer Helena , Ferrell Abigail , Mulmule Natalie , Levinson Abbie , Karon Sarita 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Even prior to the COVID-19 Public Health and Medical Emergency, the experiences of chronic social isolation and loneliness (SIL) were growing among older adults. Countries began increasing national visibility for these issues and implementing programs and services focused on addressing them. In the United States (US), however, little is known about successful national interventions or their effectiveness in tackling SIL among older Americans. We conducted a rapid review of the peer-reviewed and grey literature from 2009-2019, focusing on existing federal programs, health systems, and health care models in the US that address SIL among older adults. Of the 110 articles identified, 36 met the inclusion criteria and were synthesized. Our review found few federal interventions that directly address SIL; several may be addressing SIL as an auxiliary outcome to addressing social determinants of health, such as group exercise, transportation support, or food insecurity. While these interventions may provide a promising opportunity, implementation and evaluation challenges were identified. Thus, federal and state agencies face significant obstacles to understanding the impact of existing interventions and their effectiveness in addressing SIL, hampering progress toward large scale implementation. As SIL receives increasing attention, we add another voice to existing literature that indicates significant heterogeneity among existing programs; we found that few evidence-based, scalable federal initiatives exist in the US that target SIL. Without resources from federal and state agencies, the ability of health entities, community-based organizations, and direct care providers to implement effective interventions is significantly diminished.
Association of Social Relationships and Depression Among Older Mexican Adults: Does a Rural or Urban Context Matter?
Authors: Downer Paige , Wong Rebeca 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Social characteristics such as strong community and family ties have been associated with positive mental health outcomes in older adults. However, this evidence is based primarily on non-Hispanic White populations and may vary according to living in a rural versus urban community. We hypothesize that the positive impact of available social networks, perceived support, and social participation on older Mexican adults’ likelihood for high depressive symptoms (i.e., depression) will be greater for those living in rural (community &lt; 2,500 people) than urban communities. Data came from the 2012 Wave of the Mexican Health and Aging Study. Depressive symptoms were measured using a 9-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Social participation is the respondent’s self-reported participation in hobbies, religious activities, volunteering, and visits with neighbors. Available social network is measured as having relatives and/or good friends living in the neighborhood. Perceived support is the respondent’s perception of friends/family’s willingness to help with finances and personal care. The final sample of 6,266 respondents was majority (62.4%) female, mean age of 69 years, 17.8% lived in a rural community, and 34.5% with depression. Logistic regression models stratified by rural/urban indicated that available social network and perceived social support were not associated with depression in rural or urban communities. In general, the social participation activities were associated with significantly lower odds of depression for older adults living in urban but not rural communities. This research highlights the influence of older adults’ community on their social relationships and mental health.
Podcasts and YouTube Videos: Innovative Tools for Disseminating Mental Health and Dementia Education to the Public
Authors: Koepp Regina , Edmonds Natali 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This symposium will discuss two examples of innovative public education tools used to disseminate evidence-based information to the general public about mental health and aging and Alzheimer's Disease and related dementias. The first is the Psychology of Aging Podcast hosted by Regina Koepp, Clinical Geropsychologist. Since it’s launch in April 2020, there have been 50 weekly episodes and more than total 25,000 downloads. The goal of the Psychology of Aging podcast is to facilitate access to information and education about mental health and brain health among older adults with the hope of de-stigmatizing mental health care for older adults, reducing ageism, and promoting access to mental health and dementia care for older adults and their families. The second is Dementia Careblazers, created and hosted by Dr. Natali Edmonds, board certified Geropsychologist. The goal of Dementia Careblazers videos is to offer easy to access information to family members who care for someone with dementia. In her weekly videos, Dr. Edmonds provides actionable, evidence-based information and resources focused on dementia caregiving in brief videos. Since it’s launch on YouTube November 2016, Dementia Careblazers, has 65,000 subscribers, has posted 231 videos, and has had more than 4 million views nationally and internationally. Drs. Koepp and Edmonds will discuss the role podcasts and YouTube videos play in public education and share tips for professionals wanting to start an evidence-based program of their own. This virtual modality may be of increased interest considering recent health risks through face to face interactions and advancements in technology.
Dementia Careblazers YouTube: Public Education Tool for Sharing Evidence-Based Dementia Care Information
Authors: Edmonds Natali 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Dementia Careblazers, created and hosted by Dr. Natali Edmonds, board certified Geropsychologist, offers weekly YouTube videos to family caregivers of people living with dementia. These free brief videos provide actionable, evidence-based information and resources focused on dementia caregiving. This virtual modality is particularly relevant for caregivers of people living with dementia given the difficulty family caregivers have in finding supervision and care for the person with dementia in their absence and considering recent health risks through face to face interactions. Furthermore, the free archive of Dementia Careblazers videos allows for access to evidence-based dementia care information at any time, regardless of geographic location or time zone. During this session, Dr. Edmonds will discuss the role YouTube videos play in public education and share tips for starting an evidence-based YouTube channel.
Public Policy Panel Interdisciplinary Symposium
Authors: Simon-Rusinowitz Lori , Rozario Philip , Lindberg Brian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Chair: Lori Simon-Rusinowitz;Panelists: Representatives of GSA Sections - Phillip Rozario (SRPP), Stephen Helfand (BS), Tamara Baker (BSS), Cynthia Brown (HS), Judith Howe (AGHE), Darina Petrovsky (ESPO); Discussant: Brian Lindberg. This interactive session is an interdisciplinary look at policy issues in aging with the speakers representing views from their sections. This session, organized by the GSA Public Policy Panel, will provide both GSA section leadership and attendees an opportunity to have an open dialogue on important public policy issues of significance in the field of aging. Presentations will likely address the COVID-19 pandemic, how GSA, each section and its members, and the federal government responded during the past year; how the policy work has been influenced by the increased acknowledgement of institutional and societal racism; and member experiences with the influx of additional economic relief, research funding, and funding for aging supports and services programs.
TBD
Authors: Baker Tamara 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Chair: Lori Simon-Rusinowitz;Panelists: Representatives of GSA Sections - Phillip Rozario (SRPP), Stephen Helfand (BS), Tamara Baker (BSS), Cynthia Brown (HS), Judith Howe (AGHE), Darina Petrovsky (ESPO); Discussant: Brian Lindberg. This interactive session is an interdisciplinary look at policy issues in aging with the speakers representing views from their sections. This session, organized by the GSA Public Policy Panel, will provide both GSA section leadership and attendees an opportunity to have an open dialogue on important public policy issues of significance in the field of aging. Presentations will likely address the COVID-19 pandemic, how GSA, each section and its members, and the federal government responded during the past year; how the policy work has been influenced by the increased acknowledgement of institutional and societal racism; and member experiences with the influx of additional economic relief, research funding, and funding for aging supports and services programs.
TBD
Authors: Petrovsky Darina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Chair: Lori Simon-Rusinowitz;Panelists: Representatives of GSA Sections - Phillip Rozario (SRPP), Stephen Helfand (BS), Tamara Baker (BSS), Cynthia Brown (HS), Judith Howe (AGHE), Darina Petrovsky (ESPO); Discussant: Brian Lindberg. This interactive session is an interdisciplinary look at policy issues in aging with the speakers representing views from their sections. This session, organized by the GSA Public Policy Panel, will provide both GSA section leadership and attendees an opportunity to have an open dialogue on important public policy issues of significance in the field of aging. Presentations will likely address the COVID-19 pandemic, how GSA, each section and its members, and the federal government responded during the past year; how the policy work has been influenced by the increased acknowledgement of institutional and societal racism; and member experiences with the influx of additional economic relief, research funding, and funding for aging supports and services programs.
Structure and Change: New Developments in Research on Cumulative Dis/Advantage
Authors: Dannefer William , Estes Carroll 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In a time of heightened social inequality and concern to reckon with its sources and consequences, the relevance of cumulative dis/advantage (CDA) to understanding patterns of aging has become even clearer, and CDA research has continued to expand in several fresh directions. Papers in this symposium will review the current state of knowledge regarding CDA and will present new analyses addressing key questions of its intersections with social change and its structural patterning. We will begin with a review of knowledge on comparative evidence regarding cumulative dis/advantage and its cross-national patterning. With regard to change, will examine the compare the effect of the 2008 recession and subsequent recovery across generational cohorts through a comparative examination of trajectories of income inequality. We will also present evidence on the impact of gender, focusing on women’s late-life health.
Trajectories, Turning Points, and Interruptions: How Social Inequality Shapes Women’s Later-Life Health
Authors: Kelley Jessica , Gilbert Marissa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We explore women’s health in midlife and later life at the nexus of structural sexism and the life course perspective, applying Dannefer’s (2018) concept of life course reflexivity, which emphasizes social dynamism with potential health-changing ‘input’ at all ages. We present three types of reflexive changes in the gendered life course that shape women’s health as they age: (1) trajectories of lifetime labor market disadvantage leading to limited health-protective resources in later life; (2) turning points in family structure and need, with draining caregiving demands; (3) interruptions in midlife, such as divorce, erasing the social and economic benefits of marriage. We provide support for critical arguments that theoretical work on the life course has too-often utilized the ‘privileged’ or the ‘male’ life course with insufficient attention to structural sexism as a fundamental cause of women’s health disparities in later life.
Migration and Aging in the Right Place: Older Puerto Rican Adults’ Narratives
Authors: Jespersen Brooke 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This research examines meanings of aging in the “right” place (Golant, 2015) among older adults who have grown up and grown older in migratory contexts. This qualitative research is based on semi-structured and life history interviews with 30 low socio-economic status Puerto Rican adults over the age of 60 who reside in Cuyahoga County, Ohio and have engaged in Puerto Rico-US migration throughout the life course. Inductive thematic analysis of interviews revealed fraught, multi-scalar narratives of aging in the “right” place. At the level of residence type, older adults’ narratives exhibited a tension between interdependence and independence. That is to say, they struggled to reconcile cultural preferences for family-based living arrangements with fears of becoming a burden. At the level of nation, a similar tension manifested. Older adults reported navigating differential citizenship rights, access to healthcare and social services, natural disasters, and experiences of social inclusion and exclusion via migration between Puerto Rico and the US mainland. Thus, aging in the “right” place was complex, if not altogether elusive, as inequitable circumstances obliged older adults to make tradeoffs regardless of where they lived. These findings extend scholarship on aging in the “right” place, which has focused on residence type, by considering how older adults negotiate aging within and across households, communities, and nations. Moreover, these findings highlight how challenging aging in the “right” place can be for migrating and disadvantaged populations.
Moving the Needle on Outcome Measurement: A Longitudinal Analysis of Frailty Among Home-Delivered Meal Recipients
Authors: Juckett Lisa , Oliver Haley , Bunck Leah , Kurzen Crystal , Devier Andrea , Page Fannisha 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Frailty is a complex condition highly associated with malnutrition and can lead to the devastating loss of independence among older adults. Home-delivered meals (HDMs) aim to combat frailty and malnutrition and provide nutritional support to nearly 10 million older adults each year. Though self-reported metrics indicate that HDMs help older adults maintain their independence, few studies have systematically collected longitudinal data that objectively represent the health benefits of HDMs. The present study implemented two evidence-based instruments designed to measure frailty levels of HDM recipients (age 60 to 99 years) at two time points. HDM staff at one organization underwent multifaceted training to implement The Home Care Frailty Scale and the Clinical Frailty Scale with HDM recipients at the start of HDM enrollment and at three-month follow-up. Activity of daily living impairments (B = .46, p &lt; .001) and instrumental activity of daily living impairments (B = .28, p &lt; .001) were significant predictors of higher frailty levels at baseline (N = 245). Sixty-two recipients were analyzed at 3-month follow-up. Clinical Frailty Scale scores indicated stable frailty levels from baseline to follow-up (4.08 vs. 4.08). Home Care Frailty Scale scores indicated a slight increase in frailty levels (7.4 vs 7.63) though not statistically significant, t(61) = -.34, p = .74. These stable frailty metrics suggest that HDMs contribute to older adults’ ability to remain living in their own homes and communities and can support the importance of increased financial investments in HDM programs at the state and national levels.
Caregivers' Cannabis Use: Does Burden Lead to Blunts?
Authors: Arora Kanika 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Research on risky health behaviors among caregivers is limited. In this paper, we examine the association between informal caregiving and marijuana use and whether this association varies by age. Using data from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2016-2019), a multivariable logistic regression model compared marijuana use in “caregivers” and “expectant caregivers.” We stratified the analyses by age and also assessed the association between caregiving intensity and marijuana use. Among younger individuals (18-49 years), informal caregiving was associated with higher odds of marijuana use. In this group, higher prevalence of marijuana use was positively associated with care intensity. There was no detectable association between caregiving and marijuana use among older individuals (50 years or older). Health behaviors among caregivers differ by age. Combined exposure to informal caregiving and marijuana in young adulthood may lead to adverse long-term health consequences. Immediate effects of marijuana use may negatively influence care recipient outcomes.
Cannabis Use Among Veterans: It Should be Easier to Get Some
Authors: Bobitt Julie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
and PTSD. From December 2020 – February 2021 we conducted 32 semi-structured interviews with Veterans who responded to our initial and follow-up surveys and agreed to discuss their cannabis use. We coded and themed the interviews using inductive thematic analysis. We found that many Veterans are using cannabis in place of other medications such as opioids and benzodiazepines and often do so to avoid the negative side effects. However, barriers such as Veterans Administration policies and cost of medical cannabis affect Veterans ability to obtain medical cannabis. Our results inform clinicians and policy makers on the use of cannabis as an alternative to prescription medications for treating chronic pain and other conditions in older Veterans.
Cannabis at the End of Life: A Road More Traveled
Authors: Croker J Alton 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study examines medical cannabis as a complement or alternative to palliative care (PC). Using cross-sectional survey data from 708 terminal patients in the Illinois Medical Cannabis Program, we compare those in PC (n = 115) to those who are not (n = 593). Increased odds of PC utilization were observed for prior military service, cancer diagnosis, low psychological wellbeing, and medical complexity. PC was positively associated with improvement scores for pain, and ability to manage health status. Higher pain levels were also observed for PC patients who indicated concurrent use of cannabis and opioids, compared to those not using opioids. While most terminal patients use cannabis as an alternative to PC, medical cannabis does operate as a therapeutic complement for individuals in PC to help manage pain and overall health status, and is used at higher levels of pain when patients are also using opioids.