bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brahma-related gene-1 promotes tubular senescence and renal fibrosis through Wnt/β-catenin/autophagy axis
Authors: Gong Wangqiu , Luo Congwei , Peng Fenfen , Xiao Jing , Zeng Yiqun , Yin Bohui , Chen Xiaowen , Li Shuting , He Xiaoyang , Liu Yanxia , Cao Huihui , Xu Jiangping , Long Haibo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Although accelerated cellular senescence is closely related to the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal fibrosis, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we reported that tubular aberrant expression of Brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1), an enzymatic subunit of the SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable complex, is critically involved in tubular senescence and renal fibrosis. BRG1 was significantly up-regulated in the kidneys, predominantly in tubular epithelial cells, of both CKD patients and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice. In vivo, shRNA-mediated knockdown of BRG1 significantly ameliorated renal fibrosis, improved tubular senescence, and inhibited UUO-induced activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (mTECs) and primary renal tubular cells, inhibition of BRG1 diminished transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced cellular senescence and fibrotic responses. Correspondingly, ectopic expression of BRG1 in mTECs or normal kidneys increased p16INK4a, p19ARF, and p21 expression and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, indicating accelerated tubular senescence. Additionally, BRG1-mediated pro-fibrotic responses were largely abolished by small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated p16INK4a silencing in vitro or continuous senolytic treatment with ABT-263 in vivo. Moreover, BRG1 activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which further inhibited autophagy. Pharmacologic inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway (ICG-001) or rapamycin (RAPA)-mediated activation of autophagy effectively blocked BRG1-induced tubular senescence and fibrotic responses, while bafilomycin A1 (Baf A1)-mediated inhibition of autophagy abolished the effects of ICG-001. Further, BRG1 altered the secretome of senescent tubular cells, which promoted proliferation and activation of fibroblasts. Taken together, our results indicate that BRG1 induces tubular senescence by inhibiting autophagy via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which ultimately contributes to the development of renal fibrosis.
Vocabulary Development and the Shape Bias in Children With Hearing Loss
Authors: Perry Lynn K. , Meltzer Amy L. , Kucker Sarah C. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
Although children with hearing loss (HL) can benefit from cochlear implants (CIs) and hearing aids (HAs), they often show language delays. Moreover, little is known about the mechanisms by which children with HL learn words. One mechanism by which typically hearing (TH) children learn words is by acquiring word learning biases such as the “shape bias,” that is, generalizing the names of novel solid objects by similarity in shape. In TH children, the shape bias emerges out of regularities in the early vocabulary and, once acquired, has consequences for subsequent vocabulary development.

Method
Here, we ask whether children with HL exhibit similar word learning biases as TH children. In the current study, nineteen 2- to 3.5-year-old children with HL generalized the names of novel objects by similarity in shape or material. We compared their performance to that of 20 TH children matched on age and 20 TH children matched on vocabulary size.

Results
Children with HL were significantly less likely than age-matched TH children and vocabulary-matched TH children to generalize novel names to objects of the same shape. However, there was also an interaction such that vocabulary has a stronger effect on novel noun generalization for those with HL than for those who are TH. Exploratory analyses of children with HL reveal similar novel noun generalization and vocabulary sizes in children who use CIs and those who use HAs, regardless of hearing age or degree of HL.

Conclusion
Together, the results suggest that, although vocabulary knowledge drives development of the shape bias in general for all children, it may be especially important for children with HL, who are at risk for language delays.
Basic Counseling Skills: Working With People With Aphasia and Their Families
Authors: Hunting Pompon Rebecca 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
People with aphasia (PWA) and their families experience dramatic changes to many facets of life following stroke or other brain injury. With these changes comes complex loss and grief that can lead to chronic stress and depression, and impact recovery and rehabilitation. Clinicians working with PWA are often unsure how to best address these experiences and reactions. This tutorial introduces an approach to building the therapeutic alliance and navigating challenging conversations with clients and families using basic counseling skills that can be adapted to varying situations and clinical contexts. In addition to demonstrating each skill using example scenarios (Part 1), these skills are applied to the evolving stages of crisis and recovery experienced by many clients with communication impairment and their families—from injury onset to adjustment to chronic aphasia (Part 2).

Conclusions
Clinicians can adapt a set of basic counseling skills to promote effective therapeutic relationships and change in the lives of their clients across the contexts of recovery and rehabilitation. Although the clinician and client may work together for a relatively limited period of time, these flexible skills can help galvanize client engagement and participation in clinical activities, yield high-quality client information for treatment planning, and motivate clients as they navigate life with aphasia.
Joint relay and channel selection against mobile and smart jammer: A deep reinforcement learning approach
Authors: Yuan Hongcheng , Song Fei , Chu Xiaojing , Li Wen , Wang Ximing , Han Hao , Gong Yuping 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the joint relay and channel selection problem using a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm for cooperative communications in a dynamic jamming environment. The latest types of jammers include the mobile and smart jammer that contains multiple jamming patterns. This new type of jammer poses serious challenges to reliable communications such as huge environment states, tightly coupled joint action selections and real‐time decision requirements. To cope with these challenges, a DRL‐based relay‐assisted cooperative communication scheme is proposed. In this scheme, the joint selection problem is constructed as a Markov decision process (MDP) and a double deep Q network (DDQN) based anti‐jamming scheme is proposed to address the unknown and dynamic jamming behaviors. Concretely, a joint decision‐making network composed of three sub‐networks is designed and the independent learning method of each sub‐network is proposed. The simulation results show that the user agent is able to anticipate the jammer behaviors and elude the jamming in advance. Furthermore, compared with the sensing‐based algorithm, the Q learning‐based algorithm and the existing DRL‐based anti‐jamming approaches, the proposed algorithm maintains a higher average normalized throughput.
An adjustable 0.3 V current winner‐take‐all circuit for analogue neural networks
Authors: Akbari Meysam , Chou Ting‐I , Tang Kea‐Tiong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis letter presents an upgraded winner‐take‐all (WTA) circuit that is capable of operating under low‐voltage supplies. The proposed circuit re‐configures the basic loop of a conventional WTA through an auxiliary transistor to decrease the dropped voltage across the tail current. This reconfiguration creates an additional biasing voltage providing more adjustability. Moreover, the new feedback path decreases the delay compared to the conventional WTA. Both conventional and proposed WTAs were fabricated in the TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The experimental results show a 29.4 and 33.2 μs reduction in rising and falling times, respectively, for the proposed WTA under a supply voltage of 0.3 V.
Electricity economics for ex‐ante double‐sided auction mechanism in restructured power market
Authors: Kanagaraj Aruna , Raguru Pandu Kumudini Devi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAuction mechanism analysis provides favourable economic outcomes for key stakeholders involved in the restructured power market. Real power pricing based on locational marginal pricing has been implemented in the electricity market worldwide. In this study, the optimal power flow is considered to minimise the operating cost of the active power generation in the ex‐ante energy market and an augmented optimal power flow in the ex‐ante reserve market. The double‐sided auction mechanism has better control over the energy and reserve markets, enhancing social welfare in the restructured power markets. Single‐ and double‐sided auction mechanisms are considered to analyse the allocation and pricing economics in the ex‐ante day‐ahead energy and ex‐ante day‐ahead reserve markets. Locational marginal pricing is calculated and analysed for both the on‐and off‐peak demand periods. The proposed auction model was validated using an IEEE 30‐bus power system. The benefits of the double‐sided auction are assessed from technical and economic perspectives.
An intelligent islanding detection of distribution networks with synchronous machine DG using ensemble learning and canonical methods
Authors: Hussain Arif , Kim Chul‐Hwan , Admasie Samuel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOne of the crucial challenges of the distribution network is the unintentionally isolated section of electricity from the power network, called unintentional islanding. Unintentional islanding detection is severed when the local generation is equal to or closely matches the load requirement. In this paper, both ensemble learning and canonical methods are implemented for the islanding detection technique of synchronous machine‐based distributed generation. The ensemble learning models for this study are random forest (RF) and Ada boost, while the canonical methods are multi‐layer perceptron (MLP), decision tree (DT), and support vector machine (SVM). The training and testing parameters for this technique are the total harmonic distortion (THD) of both current and voltage signals. THD is the most important parameter of power quality monitoring under islanding scenarios. The parameter and data extraction from the test system is executed in a MATLAB/Simulink environment, whereas the training and testing of the presented techniques are implemented in Python. Performance indices such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F 1 score are used for evaluation, and both ensemble learning models and canonical models demonstrate good performance. Ada‐boost shows the highest accuracy among all the five models with original data, while RF is robust and gives the best results with noisy data (20 and 30 dB) because of its ensemble nature.
Design and implementation of virtual experiment for complex control system: A case study of thermal control process
Authors: Guan Shiqi , Hu Wenshan , Zhou Hong , Lei Zhongcheng , Feng Xingle , Liu Guo‐Ping 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOnline experimental systems that include remote and virtual experiments based on the Internet has become a new form of experiment in engineering education. This paper proposes a virtual experiment for the complex process control system. It is based on the networked control system laboratory (NCSLab), which provides a reliable framework for virtual thermal experiment. Taking the combustion system of 1000 MW ultra‐supercritical coal‐fired once‐through boiler‐turbine units as an example, the framework and the implementation process of the online system are given in this paper. A new presentation form for complex processes control experiment is provided, which could be a solution for simulating physical experimental equipment in virtual environments. The potential danger in practical experiments could be avoided. Additionally, the real‐time operation for complex control systems could be presented in a 3D scene. Meanwhile, the flexibility and efficiency could be increased in engineering experimental education. Moreover, using the experiment evaluation method, the references and feedback for teaching and assessment are provided in this paper.
Hybrid successive discretisation algorithm used to calculate parameters of the photovoltaic cells and panels for existing datasets
Authors: Cotfas Daniel T. , Deaconu Adrian M. , Cotfas Petru A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a new hybrid successive discretisation algorithm, used to calculate the parameters of the photovoltaic cells and panels, by the one diode model and the two diode model. Nine known datasets from the specialised literature were used to validate the new algorithm and then it was firstly applied for two new datasets. For the first time only one algorithm is applied to extract the parameters, in both cases—one and two diode models. The new datasets are for commercial monocrystalline silicon and amorphous silicon photovoltaic cells. The main test used to prove the performance of HDSA is the root mean square error. Other four tests were used for comparison: the mean absolute error, the mean bias error, t‐statistic, and the coefficient of determination. The hybrid successive discretisation algorithm proved its accuracy and reliability for parameter extraction of different types of photovoltaic cells and panels for all datasets used. Comparing the hybrid successive discretisation algorithm with the best algorithms from the specialised literature shows an improvement of the root mean square error by up to10.4% for the one diode model and by up to 7.5% for the two diode model, respectively.
Textile‐based sensors for electrical current measurement in three‐phase cables
Authors: Strickland Dani , Heinzel Tincuta , King Bee , Abedi Varnosfaderani Mina , Zeidler Alana , Seager Rob 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere is much discussion about the implementation and benefits of smart electricity networks. However, the reality is that the instrumentation needed at low voltage is too expensive for large‐scale deployment. The most highly used monitoring systems in use today are based on Rogowski coil technology, which can only be used on single‐phase cables and terminations at £1k–£2k per substation. This study presents the results of novel research into modelling and analysis of a low‐cost sensor which can measure load on a 3 core cable at <£150 per substation. This study uses a new textile‐based sensor that can be produced by low‐cost, high‐volume manufacturing techniques. The study describes the modelling that is required in conjunction with the sensor geometry to be able to calculate the load current. Three textile‐based sensors of different dimensions were produced and tested and the results were compared with the current probe readings. The study shows that the textile sensors have an offset error of 14% but good linearity of 0.998, for around 10% of the cost of Rogowski coil technology.
Characterizing the morphology of the debris disk around the low-mass star GSC 07396-00759
Authors: Adam C. , Olofsson J. , van Holstein R. G. , Bayo A. , Milli J. , Boccaletti A. , Kral Q. , Ginski C. , Henning Th. , Montesinos M. , Pawellek N. , Zurlo A. , Langlois M. , Delboulbé A. , Pavlov A. , Ramos J. , Weber L. , Wildi F. , Rigal F. , Sauvage J.-F. 
Published: July 2021

Context. Debris disks have commonly been studied around intermediate-mass stars. Their intense radiation fields are believed to efficiently remove the small dust grains that are constantly replenished by collisions. For lower-mass central objects, in particular M stars, the dust removal mechanism needs to be further investigated given the much weaker radiation field produced by these objects.
Aims. We present new observations of the nearly edge-on disk around the pre-main-sequence M-type star GSC 07396-00759, taken with VLT/SPHERE IRDIS in dual-beam polarimetric imaging mode, with the aim to better understand the morphology of the disk, its dust properties, and the star-disk interaction via the stellar mass-loss rate.
Methods. We model the polarimetric observations to characterize the location and properties of the dust grains using the Henyey–Greenstein approximation of the polarized phase function. We use the estimated phase function to evaluate the strength of the stellar winds.
Results. We find that the polarized light observations are best described by an extended and highly inclined disk (i ≈ 84.3 ° ± 0.3) with a dust distribution centered at a radius r0 ≈ 107 ± 2 au. Our modeling suggests an anisotropic scattering factor g ≈ 0.6 to best reproduce the polarized phase function S12. We also find that the phase function is reasonably well reproduced by small micron-sized dust grains with sizes s > 0.3μm. We discuss some of the caveats of the approach, mainly that our model probably does not fully recover the semimajor axis of the disk and that we cannot readily determine all dust properties due to a degeneracy between the grain size and the porosity.
Conclusions. Even though the radius of the disk may be overestimated, our best-fit model not only reproduces the observations well but is also consistent with previous published data obtained in total intensity. Similarly to previous studies of debris disks, we suggest that using a given scattering theory might not be sufficient to fully explain key aspects, such as the shape of the phase function or the dust grain size. Taking into consideration the aforementioned caveats, we find that the average mass-loss rate of GSC 07396-00759 can be up to 500 times stronger than that of the Sun, supporting the idea that stellar winds from low-mass stars can evacuate small dust grains in an efficient way.
Acoustic response to transverse oscillations in a solar coronal loop
Authors: White S. J. , Verwichte E. 
Published: July 2021

Context. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves play an important role in the dynamics and heating of the solar corona. Their investigation also reveals information about the local conditions. Transverse (Alfvénic) oscillations of loops commonly occur in response to solar eruptions. It has been shown that these oscillations elicit an acoustic response through wave coupling at the footpoint and the pondermotive force.
Aims. We extend the modelling of wave coupling between a transverse loop oscillation and slow magnetoacoustic waves through line-tied footpoint boundary conditions by considering the effect of transverse loop structuring and non-linearity.
Methods. We combine analytical wave modelling with fully non-linear MHD simulations to study the wave field of propagating slow waves in a two-dimensional slab loop (arcade) model.
Results. We demonstrate that transverse loop oscillations generate propagating slow waves from the footpoints with the same periodicity but shorter wavelength determined by the local sound speed. The degree of wave coupling is proportional to the square root of the plasma-β. The slow wave field is anti-symmetric in the direction of transverse wave polarisation. We show through synthetic diagnostics that this has important consequences for their observability in terms of the orientation of the loop with respect to the observer. We also show that for the interpretation of intensity oscillations associated with typical loop oscillations the ponderomotive response also needs to be taken into account. The modelling presented here allows for the successful identification of the slow waves and pondermotive response in a previous observational study.
Organisationale Gesundheitskompetenz deutscher
Gesundheitsämter (OGK-GA): Entwicklung eines theoretischen Modells mit
Hilfe von ExpertInneninterviews
Authors: Mehlis Anika , Locher Verena , Hornberg Claudia 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Zusätzlich zur individuellen Gesundheitskompetenz
der NutzerInnen spielt die organisationale Gesundheitskompetenz (OGK) von
Gesundheitsorganisationen eine große Rolle. In Deutschland sind die
Gesundheitsämter (GA) für die Gesundheit auf
Bevölkerungsebene zuständig. Sie sollten ihren NutzerInnen
helfen, auf Informationen und Dienste zuzugreifen, diese zu verstehen, zu
navigieren und für gesunde Entscheidungen zu nutzen. Diese Studie
beschäftigt sich erstmals mit der OGK deutscher GA. Welches
konzeptionelle Modell beschreibt diese am besten?
Methodik Für diese explorative Studie wurden elf
leitfadengestützte ExpertInneninterviews mit MitarbeiterInnen von GA in
drei deutschen Bundesländern durchgeführt und die Transkripte
einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse unterzogen.
Ergebnisse Für die OGK der GA in Deutschland wurde ein neues
konzeptionelles Modell mit zwölf Attributen erstellt. Diese lassen sich
den Aspekten „Führung und Organisationskultur“,
„MitarbeiterInnen“ sowie „Erstellung und Implementierung
von Informationen und Angeboten“ zuordnen.
Schlussfolgerungen Das vorliegende Modell für OGK-GA legt den
Grundstein für zukünftige Forschung in diesem Bereich. Es
ermöglicht die Entwicklung eines Selbstbewertungswerkzeuges und damit
perspektivisch die Messung des Kompetenzlevels sowie die Identifikation von
Barrieren. Deren Überwindung und damit die Erhöhung der OGK
deutscher GA kann erheblich zur Verbesserung der öffentlichen Gesundheit
beitragen.
Hypoxia-inducible Factor 2α: A Key Player in Tumorigenesis and Metastasis of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma?
Authors: Bechmann Nicole , Eisenhofer Graeme 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGermline or somatic driver mutations linked to specific phenotypic features are identified in approximately 70% of all catecholamine-producing pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs). Mutations leading to stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF2α) and downstream pseudohypoxic signaling are associated with a higher risk of metastatic disease. Patients with metastatic PPGLs have a variable prognosis and treatment options are limited. In most patients with PPGLs, germline mutations lead to the stabilization of HIF2α. Mutations in HIF2α itself are associated with adrenal pheochromocytomas and/or extra-adrenal paragangliomas and about 30% of these patients develop metastatic disease; nevertheless, the frequency of these specific mutations is low (1.6–6.2%). Generally, mutations that lead to stabilization of HIF2α result in distinct catecholamine phenotype through blockade of glucocorticoid-mediated induction of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, leading to the formation of tumors that lack epinephrine. HIF2α, among other factors, also contributes importantly to the initiation of a motile and invasive phenotype. Specifically, the expression of HIF2α supports a neuroendocrine-to-mesenchymal transition and the associated invasion-metastasis cascade, which includes the formation of pseudopodia to facilitate penetration into adjacent vasculature. The HIF2α-mediated expression of adhesion and extracellular matrix genes also promotes the establishment of PPGL cells in distant tissues. The involvement of HIF2α in tumorigenesis and in multiple steps of invasion-metastasis cascade underscores the therapeutic relevance of targeting HIF2α signaling pathways in PPGLs. However, due to emerging resistance to current HIF2α inhibitors that target HIF2α binding to specific partners, alternative HIF2α signaling pathways and downstream actions should also be considered for therapeutic intervention.