bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of COVID-19 Mortality in Patients With Cancer From a Community Oncology Practice in Brazil
Authors: Ferrari Bruno L. , Ferreira Carlos Gil , Menezes Márcia , De Marchi Pedro , Canedo Jorge , Melo Andréia Cristina de , Jácome Alexandre A. , Reinert Tomás , Paes Rafael Duarte , Sodré Bárbara , Barrios Carlos H. , Dienstmann Rodrigo 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSEThe COVID-19 pandemic remains a public health emergency of global concern. Determinants of mortality in the general population are now clear, but specific data on patients with cancer remain limited, particularly in Latin America.MATERIALS AND METHODSA longitudinal multicenter cohort study of patients with cancer and confirmed COVID-19 from Oncoclínicas community oncology practice in Brazil was conducted. The primary end point was all-cause mortality after isolation of the SARS-CoV-2 by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) in patients initially diagnosed in an outpatient environment. We performed univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis and recursive partitioning modeling to define the baseline clinical determinants of death in the overall population.RESULTSFrom March 29 to July 4, 2020, 198 patients with COVID-19 were prospectively registered in the database, of which 167 (84%) had solid tumors and 31 (16%) had hematologic malignancies. Most patients were on active systemic therapy or radiotherapy (77%), largely for advanced or metastatic disease (64%). The overall mortality rate was 16.7% (95% CI, 11.9 to 22.7). In univariate models, factors associated with death after COVID-19 diagnosis were age ≥ 60 years, current or former smoking, coexisting comorbidities, respiratory tract cancer, and management in a noncurative setting ( P < .05). In multivariable logistic regression and recursive partitioning modeling, only age, smoking history, and noncurative disease setting remained significant determinants of mortality, ranging from 1% in cancer survivors under surveillance or (neo)adjuvant therapy to 60% in elderly smokers with advanced or metastatic disease.CONCLUSIONMortality after COVID-19 in patients with cancer is influenced by prognostic factors that also affect outcomes of the general population. Fragile patients and smokers are entitled to active preventive measures to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and close monitoring in the case of exposure or COVID-19-related symptoms.
Low Survival in Poor Prognosis Metastatic Germ Cell Cancer in Belarus
Authors: Rolevich Alexander I. , Borodin Denis M. , Rabcheuski Anton N. , Ivanitskaya Tatsiana A. , Semenov Sviataslau A. , Artsiushkevich Liudmila V. , Sukalinskaya Alena V. , Zhavrid Edvard A. , Krasny Sergei A. , Konoplya Natalia E. , Polyakov Sergey L. 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE Since the development of the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) risk classification in a 1997 study, high-income countries have reported a significant increase in survival for poor prognosis patients. There are scant data on IGCCCG risk-stratified survival from low- and middle-income countries. We assessed the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates in a contemporary cohort of Belarusian patients with advanced germ cell cancer (GCC) stratified by the IGCCCG prognostic classification and analyzed prognostic factors for survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS The consecutive cohort of patients with clinical stage IIb-III testicular GCC or extragonadal germ cell tumors who received treatment or consultation in our two centers between 2010 and 2015 was included. All patients underwent primary chemotherapy. The patients were divided into seminoma and nonseminomatous germ cell carcinoma (NSGCC) subgroups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate 5-year PFS and OS. RESULTS This study included 111 patients with a median age of 32 years, 95% of whom were diagnosed with testicular cancer. Seminoma and NSGCC were identified in 32 (29%) and 79 (71%) patients, respectively. The median follow-up was 6.1 years. The 5-year PFS and OS rates for the entire cohort were 70% and 77%, respectively. In patients with good prognosis seminoma and good, intermediate, and poor prognosis NSGCC, the estimated PFS rates were 76%, 88%, 74%, and 39% and those for OS were 83%, 97%, 83%, and 38%, respectively. CONCLUSION In our cohort of Belarusian patients with advanced germ cell tumors, we failed to demonstrate an improvement in PFS and OS compared with the 1997 IGCCCG study. Moreover, survival in poor prognosis group is inferior to that in IGCCCG and all contemporary series from high-income countries.
Molecular Profiling-Based Assignment of Cancer Therapy (NCI-MPACT): A Randomized Multicenter Phase II Trial
Authors: Chen Alice P. , Kummar Shivaani , Moore Nancy , Rubinstein Lawrence V. , Zhao Yingdong , Williams P. Mickey , Palmisano Alida , Sims David , O'Sullivan Coyne Geraldine , Rosenberger Christina L. , Simpson Mel , Raghav Kanwal P. S. , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Leong Stephen , Waqar Saiama , Foster Jared C. , Konaté Mariam M. , Das Biswajit , Karlovich Chris , Lih Chih-Jian , Polley Eric , Simon Richard , Li Ming-Chung , Piekarz Richard , Doroshow James H. 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSEThis trial assessed the utility of applying tumor DNA sequencing to treatment selection for patients with advanced, refractory cancer and somatic mutations in one of four signaling pathways by comparing the efficacy of four study regimens that were either matched to the patient's aberrant pathway (experimental arm) or not matched to that pathway (control arm).MATERIALS AND METHODSAdult patients with an actionable mutation of interest were randomly assigned 2:1 to receive either (1) a study regimen identified to target the aberrant pathway found in their tumor (veliparib with temozolomide or adavosertib with carboplatin [DNA repair pathway], everolimus [PI3K pathway], or trametinib [RAS/RAF/MEK pathway]), or (2) one of the same four regimens, but chosen from among those not targeting that pathway.RESULTSAmong 49 patients treated in the experimental arm, the objective response rate was 2% (95% CI, 0% to 10.9%). One of 20 patients (5%) in the experimental trametinib cohort had a partial response. There were no responses in the other cohorts. Although patients and physicians were blinded to the sequencing and random assignment results, a higher pretreatment dropout rate was observed in the control arm (22%) compared with the experimental arm (6%; P = .038), suggesting that some patients may have had prior tumor mutation profiling performed that led to a lack of participation in the control arm.CONCLUSIONFurther investigation, better annotation of predictive biomarkers, and the development of more effective agents are necessary to inform treatment decisions in an era of precision cancer medicine. Increasing prevalence of tumor mutation profiling and preference for targeted therapy make it difficult to use a randomized phase II design to evaluate targeted therapy efficacy in an advanced disease setting.
Analysis of why sea turtles swim slowly: a metabolic and mechanical approach
Authors: Kinoshita Chihiro , Fukuoka Takuya , Narazaki Tomoko , Niizuma Yasuaki , Sato Katsufumi 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Animals with high resting metabolic rates and low drag coefficients typically have fast optimal swim speeds in order to minimise energy costs per unit travel distance. The cruising swim speeds of sea turtles (0.5–0.6 m s−1) are slower than those of seabirds and marine mammals (1–2 m s−1). This study measured the resting metabolic rates and drag coefficients of sea turtles to answer two questions: (1) do turtles swim at the optimal swim speed?; and (2) what factors control the optimal swim speed of turtles? The resting metabolic rates of 13 loggerhead and 12 green turtles were measured; then, the cruising swim speeds of 15 loggerhead and 9 green turtles were measured and their drag coefficients were estimated under natural conditions. The measured cruising swim speeds (0.27–0.50 m s−1) agreed with predicted optimal swim speeds (0.19–0.32 m s−1). The resting metabolic rates of turtles were approximately one-twentieth those of penguins, and the products of the drag coefficient and frontal area of turtles were 8.6 times higher than those of penguins. Therefore, our results suggest that both low resting metabolic rate and high drag coefficient of turtles determine their slow cruising speed.
Multisensory integration supports configural learning of a home refuge in the whip spiderPhrynus marginemaculatus
Authors: Flanigan Kaylyn A. S. , Wiegmann Daniel D. , Hebets Eileen A. , Bingman Verner P. 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTWhip spiders (Amblypygi) reside in structurally complex habitats and are nocturnally active yet display notable navigational abilities. From the theory that uncertainty in sensory inputs should promote multisensory representations to guide behavior, we hypothesized that their navigation is supported by a multisensory and perhaps configural representation of navigational inputs, an ability documented in a few insects and never reported in arachnids. We trained Phrynus marginemaculatus to recognize a home shelter characterized by both discriminative olfactory and tactile stimuli. In tests, subjects readily discriminated between shelters based on the paired stimuli. However, subjects failed to recognize the shelter in tests with either of the component stimuli alone. This result is consistent with the hypothesis that the terminal phase of their navigational behavior, shelter recognition, can be supported by the integration of multisensory stimuli as an enduring, configural representation. We hypothesize that multisensory learning occurs in the whip spiders' extraordinarily large mushroom bodies, which may functionally resemble the hippocampus of vertebrates.
The Effect of Viscosity on the Coupling and Hydrogen-Abstraction Reaction between Transient and Persistent Radicals?
Authors: Li Xiaopei , Kato Tatsuhisa , Nakamura Yasuyuki , Yamago Shigeru 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The effect of viscosity on the radical termination reaction between a transient radical and a persistent radical undergoing a coupling reaction (Coup) or hydrogen abstraction (Abst) was examined. In a non-viscous solvent, such as benzene (bulk viscosity ηbulk &lt; 1 mPa s), all the transient radicals studied exclusively coupled with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) with &gt;99% Coup/Abst selectivity, but Coup/Abst decreased as the viscosity increased (89/11 in PEG400 at 25 °C [ηbulk = 84 mPa s]). While bulk viscosity is a good parameter to predict the Coup/Abst selectivity in each solvent, microviscosity is the more general parameter. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-end radicals had a more significant viscosity effect than polystyrene (PSt)-end radicals, and the Coup/Abst ratio of the former dropped to 50/50 in highly viscous media (ηbulk = 3980 mPa s), while the latter maintained high Coup/Abst selectivity (84/16). These results, together with the low thermal stability of dormant PMMA-TEMPO species compared with that of PSt-TEMPO species, are attributed to the limitation of the nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization of MMA. While both organotellurium and bromine compounds were used as precursors of radicals, the former was superior to the latter for the clean generation of radical species.
Total Synthesis of Talatisamine: Exploration of Convergent Synthetic Strategies
Authors: Shimakawa Tsukasa , Hagiwara Koichi , Inoue Masayuki 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Talatisamine (1) is a highly oxygenated C19-diterpenoid alkaloid with K+ channel inhibitory, antiarrhythmic, and neuroprotective activities. Its intricately fused 6/7/5/6/6/5-membered hexacyclic structure (ABCDEF-ring) possesses one nitrogen functionality, five oxygen functionalities, and 12 contiguously aligned stereocenters. This account describes the development of convergent strategies to efficiently assemble this synthetically challenging natural product. First, we explored two radical-based strategies. Treatment of the AE-ring with Et3B and O2 generated a highly reactive C11-bridgehead radical, which sequentially added to the C-ring and the aldehyde via a radical-polar crossover mechanism to afford ACE-ring substructure 6 in a single step. Alternatively, after coupling of the AE-ring and C-ring, the C11-bridgehead radical was utilized to cyclize the central 7-membered B-ring. The 6-membered D-ring was then forged by selenium-induced 6-endo cyclization to furnish ABCDE-ring 3. Second, we pursued a skeletal rearrangement strategy, which culminated in the total synthesis of 1. The D-ring was coupled with the AE-ring as the aromatic ring. Oxidative dearomatization, followed by Diels-Alder reaction, led to the 6/6-membered ring system, which was transformed into the 7/5-membered BC-ring through a stereospecific Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement. Finally, Hg(OAc)2 induced an oxidative aza-Prins cyclization to form the remaining 5-membered F-ring, thereby completing the chemical construction of 1.
Research Progress on Improvement of Conductivity of MOFs and Their Application in Bionsensors: A Review
Authors: Shao Bin , Chen Hongshuo , Cui Chuanjin , Li Jing , Gonge Ruikun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Metal organic framework materials (MOFs) have a drawback that limits their wider application: poor electrical conductivity. In this paper, some research advances in improving the conductivity of MOFs in recent years are reviewed. They are divided into two categories: intrinsic improvement of conductivity and extrinsic improvement of conductivity. The application of MOFs with improved electrical conductivity in the construction of biosensors is shown. Finally, research trends of improving the conductivity of MOFs and their applications in biosensors are summarized, and promising directions such as the comprehensive application of multiple strategies and the space-oriented assembly of MOFs are proposed.
Tuning of Lewis Acidity of Phebox-Al Complexes by Substituents on the Benzene Backbone and Unexpected Photocatalytic Activity for Hydrodebromination of Aryl Bromide
Authors: Nakao Shuichi , Nishimoto Yoshihiro , Yasuda Makoto 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We revealed the effects of the substituents in ligands on properties of Phebox-aluminum complexes. The substituents at the 4-position of Phebox ligands effectively influenced the Lewis acidity via the conjugation between the vacant orbital on the Al atom and π* orbital of the benzene ring, which is supported by DFT calculation. The catalytic activity was also tuned, and a series of substituted Phebox-Al(ClO4)2 effectively catalyzed hydroboration of benzaldehyde. In addition, an unexpected photocatalytic activity of Phebox-Al complexes was found and applied to the hydrodebromination of a 4-bromo benzoic ester.
ASSESSORAMENTO SECRETARIAL ASSOCIADO À GESTÃO DA INFORMAÇÃO NO PROCESSO DE AVALIAÇÃO DA CAPES
Authors: Snoeijer Enio , Moreira Kátia Denise , Martins Cibele Barsalini , Rodrigues Luci Mari Aparecida 
Published: January 2021

Os Programas de Pós-Graduação têm ampliado sua relevância na contribuição ao desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico do Brasil. Nessa direção, o reconhecimento e/ou a manutenção de um Programa de Pós-Graduação é submetido ao processo de avaliação da CAPES, que demanda uma série de informações, as quais necessitam ser efetivamente gerenciadas. Diante disso, objetiva-se verificar como o assessoramento secretarial, associado à gestão da informação, pode colaborar no processo de avaliação da CAPES, no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Automação e Sistemas (PPGEAS). Para tanto, utilizaram-se a abordagem qualitativa, por intermédio de um estudo de campo, as pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e a observação participante. Os resultados demonstraram contribuição do assessoramento, alinhado à gestão de informações no PPGEAS, principalmente, àquelas relacionadas às atividades que compõem os indicadores do Sistema de Avaliação da CAPES. Concluiu-se haver possibilidade para uma concreta atuação do secretário executivo, fundamentalmente, nos períodos transitórios da equipe da coordenação, quando o gerenciamento contínuo das informações necessita de suporte qualificado.
The network structure of depressive symptomatology in Peruvian adults with arterial hypertension
Authors: Ramos-Vera Cristian , Banos-Chaparro Jonatan , Ogundokun Roseline Oluwaseun 
Published: January 2021

Background: Global arterial hypertension (HTA) has increased by 90% over the last four decades, and has increased by 1.6% in Peru over the previous four years. This study involved a network analysis of depressive symptomatology in Peruvian patients with HTA using network estimation. Method: A representative cross-sectional study at the national level, using secondary data from 2019 Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) was performed. The sample used included men and women of age over 17 years diagnosed with HTA and were able to respond to Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: The symptoms of depressive mood (bridging force and centrality) and energy fatigue or loss (bridge centrality) play an essential role in the network structure, as does the feeling of uselessness in terms of closeness and intermediation. Conclusion: The study highlighted the symptoms related to depressive mood and energy fatigue or loss as bridging symptoms, which could trigger a depressive episode in patients diagnosed with HTA.
A influência da metáfora e do chunking na convencionalização de construções com o verbo ‘cortar’
Authors: Christ Aparecida da Penha Krohling , Rocha Lúcia Helena Peyroton da 
Published: January 2021

Embasados na concepção de que a linguagem é fundamentada em processos cognitivos, socio-interacionais e culturais, analisamos, numa abordagem construcional, um grupo de sequências de palavras com o verbo cortar seguido de complemento que parecem formar uma única unidade, um chunk independente para fins de processamento e análise, muitas das quais denominadas expressões idiomáticas em abordagens lexicais. Vinculamo-nos ao quadro teórico-metodológico da Linguística Centrada no Uso, tendo como respaldo, entre outros, os estudos funcionalistas e cognitivistas de Lakoff e Johnson (2002), Goldberg (1995, 2006), Traugott e Trousdale (2013), Bybee (2016) e Langacker (1987). Valemo-nos de um corpus com dados de uso efetivo da língua constituído por textos coletados no jornal A Gazeta, que circula no estado do Espírito Santo, no período compreendido entre janeiro e dezembro de 2017. Identificamos a frequência de 50 tokens e de 09 types, que nos permitem refletir sobre a influência do chunking e das projeções metafóricas na convencionalização dessas construções. Observamos que as construções identificadas no corpus não apresentam o mesmo grau de composicionalidade, o que nos levou a propor um continuum e a estipular critérios de análise que nos auxiliassem no processo de distribuição dessas construções no continuum.
Tipologia de construções mediais em português: uma proposta cognitivo-funcional
Authors: Lima Maria Claudete 
Published: January 2021

Este ensaio propõe uma tipologia das construções médias em português, baseada no Modelo Cognitivo Idealizado de Causalidade de Langacker (1991a), chamado “bola de bilhar”, e na noção de transitividade proposta por Hopper e Thompson (1980). Para tanto, discutem-se as características centrais da voz média e analisam-se, quanto à forma de codificação, à expressão da causa, ao tipo de evento, à motivação pragmática e à saliência das entidades, ocorrências retiradas do Corpus do Português NOW (DAVIES; FERREIRA, 2018), que abrange textos escritos do Brasil e de Portugal, de 2012 a 2019. Partindo da noção de construto absoluto de Langacker (1991a), propõe-se uma tipologia das construções médias em português, que se manifestam de forma lexical, sintática e perifrástica. Os resultados sugerem que as construções de voz inseridas no domínio medial são expressões distintas do mesmo construto de não atribuição de causalidade, o qual inclui ainda as construções passivas e impessoais
Personal protective equipment: knowledge of the guidance
Authors: Bhamra Navdeep , Gupta Keshav , Lee Jonathan , Al-Hity Shams , Jolly Karan , Darr Adnan 
Published: January 2021

Background: On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global pandemic in the wake of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. The unpredictable nature of transmission of COVID-19 requires a meticulous understanding of guidance on personal protective equipment (PPE) as published by WHO and Public Health England (PHE). Aim: To assess perceived confidence and knowledge of PHE guidance relating to PPE by nursing staff. Methods: A nationwide survey was disseminated between May and June 2020 through social media platforms as well as internal mail via regulatory bodies and individual hospital trusts. Results: Data were collated from 339 nurses. Perceived confidence as measured on a Likert scale was a mode score of 3/5, with the average score for knowledge-based questions being 5/10. Of the respondents, 47% cited insufficient training on PPE guidance, and 84% advocated further training. Conclusions: Unifying published PPE guidance and ensuring consistency in training can improve awareness, confidence, and knowledge among nursing staff.
Work-family conflict, health status and job satisfaction among nurses
Authors: Haji Matarsat Hajah Marlita , Rahman Hanif Abdul , Abdul-Mumin Khadizah 
Published: January 2021

Objective: Research studies have demonstrated that nurses face difficulty balancing family roles and responsibilities with work. This study aimed to explore the relationship between work-family conflict and health status and job satisfaction among nurses. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 426 nurses working in high-dependency and general settings in a large referral hospital in Brunei Darussalam. Results: Work-family conflict inversely affects health status and job satisfaction for nurses working in high-dependency and general settings. However, general nurses experienced higher work-family conflict albeit better job satisfaction and health status compared to high-dependency nurses. Older, single and non-smoker nurses reported higher job satisfaction. Conclusion: This study further informs healthcare and nursing administrators and policymakers, who should foster effective strategies and interventions to support the balance of nurses' work and family life.