bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-Effective Proximity Detection and Filtering of Unreliable Results Based on BLE RSSI and IMU Readings Using Smartphones for Indoor Environments
Authors: Filus Katarzyna , Nowak Sławomir , Domańska Joanna , Duda Jakub 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Indoor environments are a major challenge in the domain of location-based services due to the inability to use GPS. Currently, Bluetooth Low Energy has been the most commonly used technology for such services due to its low cost, low power consumption, ubiquitous availability in smartphones and the dependence of the signal strength on the distance between devices. The article proposes a system that detects the proximity of a moving object with respect to static points (anchors), evaluates the quality of this prediction and filters out the unreliable results based on custom metrics. We define three metrics: two matrics based on RSSI and Intertial Measurement Unit (IMU) readings and one joint metric. This way the filtering is based on both, the external information (RSSI) and the internal information (IMU). To process the IMU data, we use machine learning activity recognition models (we apply feature selection and compare three models and choose the best one-Gradient Boosted Decision Trees). The proposed system is flexible and can be easily customized. The great majority of operations can be conducted directly on smartphones. The solution is easy to implement, cost-efficient and can be deployed in real-life applications (MICE industry, museums, industry).
Tuning Riboflavin Derivatives For Photodynamic Inactivation of Pathogens
Authors: Fruk Ljiljana , Crocker Leander , Lee Ju Hyun , Mital Suraj , Mills Gabrielle , Schack Sina , Bistrovic-Popov Andrea , Franck Christoph , Mela Ioanna , Kaminski Clemens , Christie Graham 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The development of effective pathogen reduction strategies is required due to the rise in antibiotic-resistant bacteria and zoonotic viral pandemics. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of bacteria and viruses is a potent reduction strategy that bypasses typical resistance mechanisms. Naturally occurring riboflavin has been widely used in PDI applications due to efficient light-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) release. By rational design of its core structure to alter (photo)physical properties, we obtained derivatives capable of outperforming riboflavin’s visible light-iinduced PDI against E. coli and a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate, revealing functional group dependency for each pathogen. Bacterial PDI was influenced mainly by guanidino substitution, whereas viral PDI increased through bromination of the flavin. These observations were related to enhanced uptake and ROS-specific nucleic acid cleavage mechanisms. Trends in the derivatives’ toxicity towards human fibroblast cells were also investigated to assess viable therapeutic derivatives and help guide further design of PDI agents to combat pathogenic organisms.
Tissue Segmentation from Whole-Slide Images Using Lightweight Neural Networks
Authors: Frank Steven 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Pathology slides of malignancies are segmented using lightweight convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that may be deployed on mobile devices. This is made possible by preprocessing candidate images to make CNN analysis tractable and also to exclude regions unlikely to be diagnostically relevant. In a training phase, labeled whole-slide histopathology images are first downsampled and decomposed into square tiles. Tiles corresponding to diseased regions are analyzed to determine boundary values of a visual criterion, image entropy. A lightweight CNN is then trained to distinguish tiles of diseased and non-diseased tissue, and if more than one disease type is present, to discriminate among these as well. A segmentation is generated by downsampling and tiling a candidate image, and retaining only those tiles with values of the visual criterion falling within the previously established extrema. The sifted tiles, which now exclude much of the non-diseased image content, are efficiently and accurately classified by the trained CNN. Tiles classified as diseased tissue — or in the case of multiple possible subtypes, as the dominant subtype in the tile set — are combined, either as a simple union or at a pixel level, to produce a segmentation mask or map. This approach was applied successfully to two very different datasets of large whole-slide images, one (PAIP2020) involving multiple subtypes of colorectal cancer and the other (CAMELYON16) single-type breast-cancer metastases. Scored using standard similarity metrics, the segmentations exhibited notably high recall, even when tiles were large relative to tumor features.
IFA-EO: An Improved Firefly Algorithm Hybridized With Extremal Optimization for Continuous Unconstrained Optimization Problems
Authors: Chen Min-Rong , Yang Liu-Qing , Zeng Guo-Qiang , Lu Kang-Di , Huang Yi-Yuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
As one of the evolutionary algorithms, firefly algorithm (FA) has been widely used to solve various complex optimization problems. However, FA has significant drawbacks in slow convergence rate and is easily trapped into local optimum. To tackle these defects, this paper proposes an improved FA combined with extremal optimization (EO), named IFA-EO, where three strategies are incorporated. First, to balance the tradeoff between exploration ability and exploitation ability, we adopt a new attraction model for FA operation, which combines the full attraction model and the single attraction model through the probability choice strategy. In the single attraction model, small probability accepts the worse solution to improve the diversity of the offspring. Second, the adaptive step size is proposed based on the number of iterations to dynamically adjust the attention to the exploration model or exploitation model. Third, we combine an EO algorithm with powerful ability in local-search into FA. Experiments are tested on two group popular benchmarks including complex unimodal and multimodal functions. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed IFA-EO algorithm can deal with various complex optimization problems and has similar or better performance than the other eight FA variants, three EO-based algorithms, and one advanced differential evolution variant in terms of accuracy and statistical results.
Acute Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on Lower Respiratory Infections in Guangzhou Children of China
Authors: Zhong Huawen , Yang Linlin , Qiang Wei , Zhou Yongxian , Wei Lintong , Ji Jiamin , He Miao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Daily concentrations of air pollution are associated with lower respiratory diseases. We investigated the short-term association of ambient air pollution with daily hospital admissions due to pneumonia among children aged 0−17 in Guangzhou city of China. Ambient air pollutants were all positively associated with children hospital admissions due to pneumonia of all ages. Significant associations were found for air pollutants except for inhalable particulate matter (PM) \(\le\)10 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) in children of all ages. Increments of an interquartile range (IQR) (279.10µg/m3 and 28.42µg/m3, respectively) in the 7-day-average level of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were associated with a 26.17% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.40%-56.98%) and 25.09% (95%CI 0.54%-55.64%) increase in pneumonia hospitalizations for children aged 6−17, respectively. An IQR increase in CO concentrations was associated with a 15.15% (95%CI 4.34%-27.08%) increase in pneumonia hospitalizations for children aged 1−5. Daily cases of microbial detection for pneumonia were positively associated with daily NO2 concentration. The pneumonia hospitalizations due to Mycoplasma pneumonia, Flu A virus and Flu B virus, the predominant pathogenic microorganisms detected in children aged 0−5 are apparently associated with levels of PMs, CO, NO2 and O3.
Spontaneous Generated Convective Anticyclones in Low Latitude --- A Model for the Great Red Spot
Authors: Cai Tao , Chan Kwing L. , Chow Kim-Chiu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Great Red Spot at about latitude 22oS of Jupiter has been observed for hundreds of years, yet the driving mechanism on the formation of this giant anticyclone still remains unclear. Two scenarios were proposed to explain its formation. One is a shallow model suggesting that it might be a weather feature formed through a merging process of small shallow storms generated by moist convection, while the other is a deep model suggesting that it might be a deeply rooted anticyclone powered by the internal heat of Jupiter. In this work, we present numerical simulations showing that the Great Red Spot could be naturally generated in a deep rotating turbulent flow and survive for a long time, when the convective Rossby number is smaller than a certain critical value. From this critical value, we predict that the Great Red Spot extends at least about 500 kilometers deep into the Jovian atmosphere. Our results demonstrate that the Great Red Spot is likely to be a feature deep-seated in the Jovian atmosphere.
Statistical Interpretation and Profiling the Leaching Characteristic of Chromium in the Basic Chrome Sulphate (BCS) Sludge Dumping at Village Khanchandpur-Rania, District Kanpur Dehat, Uttar Pradesh (India)
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Sahu Pokhraj , Singh Richa , Gupta Arti , Singh Pramod Kumar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Without immobilized hazardous waste contaminates soil and groundwater, which can further bio-accumulates and poses serious negative health impact on flora as well as fauna. The present investigation has been conducted to study of leaching behavior of chromium species in immobilized hazardous waste containing Basic Chrome Sulphate (BCS) dumped at dumping site Khanchandpur Kharanja, Rania, Kanpur Dehat district of Uttar Pradesh, India. Results indicated that the pH of sludge ranged from 10.16–11.90 while EC ranged from 840-16160 dSm-1 in a different layer of the dumpsite and significantly varies on increasing depth. A similar trend was also observed in TDS contents which strongly justified the leaching of salts in lower depth. Total Cr concentration (25029.94 mg kg-1) was observed in the top layer which was significantly increased on increasing depth i.e., 36102.0 mg kg-1 and 42811.77 mg kg-1 while TCLP based concentration ( 216.44 mg kg-1 in top layer) was significantly increased on increasing depth i.e., 406.25 mg kg-1 and 517.60 mg kg-1. A similar trend was also observed in total and TCLP hexavalent and trivalent (Cr6+ and Cr3+) chromium concentration. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis is separated all sample based on depth into three different cluster based on dissimilarity. A significant correlation was observed with TCLP Cr6+ in TCLP Cr3+, EC, and TDS at 0.01 levels while EC, TDS, total Cr6+, and TCLP Cr were significant correlated with TCLP Cr3+. The leaching behavior of Cr species was higher as well as increasing of depth in the dumping site.
The Clinical Characteristics, Perioperative Management, and Treatment Outcomes of Spinal Tuberculosis Associated With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zhang Hongqi , Xiao Lige , Tang Mingxing , Sun Yang , Yang Guanteng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background. To report a preliminary experience of surgical treatment for patients with spinal tuberculosis (STB) associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and discuss the strategic factors that should be considered.Methods. A retrospective study of DMSTB patients who underwent surgical treatment between January 2012 and April 2018 in our center was carried out. For each patient: demographic information, perioperative management, laboratory examination, radiographic assessments, and clinical outcomes were reviewed.Results. A total of 17 patients were included (11 males and 6 females), with a mean age of 57.53±9.25 years and a follow-up of 28±3.00 mos. Hypertension, Osteoporosis, and Hypoproteinemia were the most common complication. All patients passed the perioperative period smoothly, the 3 months follow-up showed the CRP and ESR have a significant decline, and the final follow-up shows both CRP and ESR back to normal, and there were a significant improvement of serum albumin levels. The Bone fusion time is 9.88±2.65 mos.Conclusions. Perioperative management of DMSTB patients is a complicated issue with numerous factors to be considered. Spinal surgery can achieve satisfactory outcomes in these patients if the glycemic level remains well controlled, nutritional supplementation is adequate, and antituberculosis treatment is sufficient.
What is the Prevalence of Peri-Implantitis? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Diaz Pedro , Gonzalo Esther , Villagra Luis J Gil , Miegimolle Barbara , Suarez Maria J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Peri-implantitis is a usual finding but estimates of its prevalence fluctuate very much. This may be due to the wide variety of disease definitions. This systematic review aims to estimate the overall prevalence of peri-implantitis and the effect of different study designs, function times, and use of probing depth on prevalence rate.Methods: Following electronic and manual searches of the literature published from January 2005 to December 2020, data were extracted from the studies fitting the study criteria. Fifty-seven articles were included in this study.Results: Prevalence of peri-implantitis was 19.6% (95% CI, 15.25-24.75) at the patient-level, and 12.39% (95% CI, 9.46-15.43) at the implant-level and it remains highly variable even following restriction to the clinical case definition. The use of probing depth like diagnostic criteria affected the prevalence data.Conclusion: The results indicate that it remains essential the identification of the diagnostic markers for more accurate disease classification.
Tumor microenvironment before and after chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer: Beyond PD-L1
Authors: Tayshetye Pritam , Friday Andrew J. , Omstead Ashten N. , Miller Stacey , Zheng Ping , Jani Prashant , Verma Tanvi , Zaidi Ali , Finley Gene 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background:

In rectal cancer treatment, neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) is the standard of care and reduces local failure rate. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex entity comprising of tumor cells, immune cells and surrounding stroma and is closely associated with tumor growth and survival, response to antitumor therapies and also resistance to antitumor therapies. The purpose of this study is to assess the change in biomarkers associated with TME following standard neoadjuvant CRT in rectal cancer.
Methods:

We accessed archival tissue from rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant CRT at Allegheny Health Network (AHN) facilities over the past 14 years. Pre-treatment and post-treatment biopsies were assayed for PD-L1, CD8+ T-cells, CXCL9, TIM-3, IDO-1, IFN-G, IL17RE, LAG-3, and OX40 in 41 patients.
Results:

We found statistically significant upregulation in multiple biomarkers namely CD8, IL17RE, LAG3 and OX40 post neoadjuvant CRT and a trend towards upregulation, although not statistically significant, in biomarkers PD-L1, CXCL9, TIM-3, IDO-1 and IFN-G expression.
Conclusions:

This data has broad implications, not only in rectal cancer but also in other malignancies, and provides a glimpse into the TME before and after neoadjuvant CRT. We hypothesize that the biomarkers which were noted to be upregulated could be used for development of therapeutic targeted drug therapy and designing appropriate clinical trials in an effort to achieve better response to neoadjuvant therapy, increasing pathological complete response rates and improved overall outcomes.
Small events and transdisciplinarity
Authors: Хвостова К.В. 
Published: November 2021

В современной исторической науке большую роль играет малая событийность, изучаемая с помощью вероятностных статистических методов. Применение количественных методов в историописании, распространенное с 1960-х гг., сочетается с воз-росшим интересом к малой однородной будничной событийности, образующей исторические тенденции, традиции и процессы.
In modern historical science, a large role is played by small events, which are studied by using probabilistic statistical methods. The use of quantitative methods in historical writing, which has been widespread since the 60s of the twentieth century, is combined with an increased interest in small, homogeneous everyday events that form historical trends, traditions and processes.
About Impossibility of Forgetting
Authors: Кузин И.В. 
Published: November 2021

В статье исследуется следующий парадокс: если индивидуальная память основана исключительно на внутренних ресурсах сознания, без принципиальной связи с внеш-ним положением дел, то мир, оказавшись непричастным к ней, становится местом взаимного равнодушия и полного одиночества. Без осознания всеобщей связи и усво-ения общей судьбы, в т.ч. через страдание как средства выхода за пределы инстинктивности страха, замкнутость на себя была бы непреодолимой. Цель проводимого сравнительного анализа с помощью примеров из художественной и исторической областей состояла в том, чтобы показать процесс погружения человека в измерение тотальной рассогласованности как с собой, так и с миром. В результате было продемонстрировано, что и катализатором, и действенным условием выхода из данного процесса является по-разному настраиваемый механизм культуры как памяти. Эти примеры свидетельствуют, что в жизненных исканиях, надеждах и через саму память происходитвозвращение к такому прошлому, которое, задавая рутину жизни, откры-вается в качестве искомого источника основы. В ходе анализа выясняется и то, что разрыв нарастающих цепей автоматических отношений, хоть и обнаруживает себя как трудноразрешимая задача, вместе с тем является реализуемым опытом, который прекращает раздвоение, т.е. прекращается такое состояние, когда растягиваемое «па-мятливое забвение» превращается во вторую натуру человеческого «я». Разбор филь-ма А. Паркера «Сердца Ангела» позволяет прийти к заключению, что обратная сторона удержания памяти бытия-лишь-при-себе имеет отношение к повседневности совместного бытия, с его частными отражениями в личном опыте, не только духовно-душевном, но и телесном. Через этот опыт и начинает формироваться онтология памяти не как автоматического существования (дления), а как усилия трансцендирующей мысли, благодаря чему изменяется отношение к повторению того же самого.
The problem of individual memory is analyzed in this article. The following paradox is put forward: if the basis of individual memory is its own internal resources and they are not related to the external state of affairs, the world is a place of mutual indifference and complete loneliness. When a common destiny does not exist, it is impossible to overcome isolation. The purpose of the comparative analysis based on examples from art and historical studies was to show the process of putting a person in a state of disconnection from both himself and the world. As a result, it has been demonstrated that the mechanism of culture as memory is a condition for leaving this process. These examples show that in life searches, hopes and through memory itself there is a return to such a past, which, setting the routine of life, opens up as a sought-after source of foundation. Consequently breaking the automatism of connections is the termination of bifurcation. As a result forgettingceases to be the second kind of human “self”. The bodily factor is of fundamental importance here. An analysis of A. Parker 's “Angel's Hearts” confirms this. Here, memory experience is shown.
Benevolence and Abhorrence of Incest (the Case of Francis Hutcheson)
Authors: Прокофьев А.В. 
Published: November 2021

В статье реконструированы представления Фрэнсиса Хатчесона об истоках и моральном статусе запрета на инцест. Интерпретация этого запрета создает затруднения для любой теории морали, которая отождествляет ее содержание с непричинением вреда и помощью другому человеку. Степень морального осуждения инцеста не соответствует его относительной безвредности для других (в категориях, используемых Хатчесоном, участники инцестуальных отношений не проявляют явного «недостатка благожелательности»). Автор показывает, как Хатчесон, обсуждая универсальность морального чувства и моральные препятствия для заключения брака, пытается редуцировать «отвращение к инцесту» к благожелательным переживаниям.
The paper reconstructs Francis Hutcheson’s view on the moral status of incest and origins of the incest prohibition. The phenomenon of incest creates problems for every theory of morality that identifies its content with other-regarding requirements. The intensity of moral blame that incestuous behavior faces is not consistent with its relative harmlessness in comparison with violence or refusal to help (in Hutcheson’s terms, participants of incestuous relationships do not express ‘want of benevolence’). The author shows how Hutcheson reduces the ‘abhorrence of incest’ to benevolent affections in his discussions of the universality of moral sense and moral impediments of marriage.
Hot climates theories in European medical literature of modern times
Authors: Афанаcьева А.Э. 
Published: November 2021

В центре внимания статьи находятся климатические объяснения патогенности жарких стран, доминировавшие в западной медицине в Новое время. Исследуется связь между концептуализацией жарких климатов врачами и меняющимся интеллектуальным и политическим контекстом XVII–XIX вв.
The article is focused on climatic explanations of the pathogenicity of the tropics, which dominated in Western medicine of the modern period. It explores the relationship between the conceptualisation of hot climates by physicians and the changing intellectual and political contexts of the 17th – 19th centuries.
Memupuk Jiwa Pustakawan Sejak Dini: Refleksi Implementasi Literasi Informasi dalam Menciptakan Masyarakat Terinformasi
Authors: Alam Umar Falahul 
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Information literacy for all of the community is a condition that is predicted by the Indonesian government to be realized immediately. This achievement will create an informed society. This situation can be realized if the librarian's soul becomes the soul of the community. Therefore, two things that must be prepared are first, increasing interest in reading in the community, and second, carrying out an information literacy program.Methodology. This paper is library research. Writing analysis uses a qualitative descriptive method by capturing the fact. This study uses relevant literature to relate the research theme in formulating the problems that occur and in making final conclusions.Discussion. Librarians who are referred to as "guardians of knowledge", have an enlightening spirit compared to other professions. There are two guidelines that can make this enlightening soul, the first is code of ethics, and the second is the activities of the librarian's functional position. These two guidelines provide direction for librarians in carrying out sustainable activities to improve information literacy skills for the community. Many programs have been implemented to develop this information literacy program, by various librarians, but today, informed society has not created the programs yet.Conclusion. So far, this information literacy program has not realized the informed society. Information literacy programs that have been developed must not stop and must be implemented. An informed society will be formed if all levels of society reflect the librarian's spirit in life.