bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constraints in Cotton Cultivation Reported by Growers and Suggestive Measures
Authors: Padhy Chitrasena , Raju Pakalpati Satyanarayana , Raj Rabindra Kumar 
Published: April 2021

Cotton cultivation is of immense importance for farmers in Odisha tribal regions as it is a ways of sustenance for their livelihood. A study was undertaken on 240 cotton growers from four blocks of two districts, Gajapati and Rayagada, of Odisha State. The objective of this research is to find out the constraints faced by the cotton growers and suggestive measures The tribal people of these districts have been cultivating cotton since a long time. The research methodology followed was through primary data collection. Data was collected personally on constraints in cotton cultivation as reported by farmers and suggestions to increase cotton production and productivity through a semi-structured schedule and analysed using appropriate statistical methods. The respondents of both Gajapati and Rayagada districts gave priority to the suggestion that cotton growers should be organized properly. They suggested that soil testing needs to be done at appropriate time to assess the soil fertility status of the soil and suitable recommendations on application of fertilizers should be made available to ensure better productivity. Also, there should be transparency in grading and measurement. The respondents also emphasized the need for immediate payment for the produce to fulfill their prime financial obligations. The growers need to be educated about collection of market information enabling them to obtain better price for their product. Organizing the growers facilitates better supervision and management of various farm operations. Participatory decision facilitates better planning and management. Cluster approach helps in minimizing the cost of watch and ward and timely implementation of the various crop management practices. The officials of agricultural extension that promote cotton cultivation in these districts have to create more awareness about cluster approach of farmers through group formation as organizing better growers facilitates supervision of operations and an integrated crop management.
Prevalence and Predictors of Use of Herbal Medication for Dermatological Conditions in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Otike-Odibi Bolaji I. , Timipre Enu , Altraide Dasetima 
Published: April 2021

Aims: To assess the prevalence of herbal use and factors that predispose (predictors). dermatology patients to the use of herbal preparations and medications at the Dermatology clinic of University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Port-Harcourt, Nigeria.
Study Design: A descriptive cross sectional design was used.
Place and Duration of Study: The Dermatology clinic in UPTH over a four-month period. (September 2020- December 2020).
Methodology: Data was collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire designed by the study researchers. It consisted of demographic characteristics, dermatologic history and participant’s awareness, use, duration of use, outcome, side-effects and cost of remedy to herbal medications as well as overall satisfaction.
Results: One hundred and seventy patients were recruited for the study over the four-month period. The age range was 1 to 75 years with mean age of 30.8years ±14.9 with a male to female ratio of 1:1.7. There were females 63.5%, with participants being mostly in their third decade 28.2%, single 65.3% with tertiary level of education 64.1%. Most dermatologic lesions started as rashes 50.6%, itching 48.8% with the hands (48.2%) and the legs (47.6%) being the most affected parts of the body. 85% of participants were aware of herbal use and 37.6% had used them to treat dermatological lesions. Some herbs used include “gbogbonise”, ginger, garlic, paw-paw leaf, lemon, lime moringa and turmeric. Predictors for herbal use were lesions on the face and duration of skin lesions for (1-5 years).
Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of herbal use for dermatologic conditions in this locality with a female preponderance. Healing of dermatological lesions with the herbs was not recorded. Duration of skin lesion and lesion location on the face were identified predictors of herbal use for dermatologic conditions in this locality. This study is important because it shows that people are interested in herbal treatments and8 are looking for suitable alternatives to medicinal oral and topical therapies.
Prediction by Soft Computing, Planning, and Strategy Building of Aquatic Catch: Chilika Lagoon, Odisha, India
Authors: Mishra Siba Prasad , Ojha Ananta Charan 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The Chilika lagoon in south Odisha, India was ecologically degraded from 1985 onwards by reduction of its aquatic (fish + prawn + shrimp) catches along with reduction in salinity, hydraulic regime, water exchange, aquatic weeds invasion, and sediment influx. The aquatic catch was 8669MT in year 1985-1986 gradually reduced to 1274MT during 1995-1996 from Odisha Fisheries Dept. records which resulted in poor economic condition of ≈0,2million fishermen and they migrated to adopt other livelihood. One direct tidal inlet dredged (Sipakuda) and Naraj barrage in the apex of South Mahanadi Delta were the major hydraulic interventions made to regain hydraulic regime. After the hydraulic interventions, the eco system restored, and the aquatic catch surged but it was insufficient to livelihood sustenance for the fishermen community of the Chilika, so that they are forced for alternate occupation and migration.
Methodologies: Fish catch data collected for 30 years and soft computing models linear regression, Multi Linear Perception (ANN), SMOorg (SVM) and the Random Forest algorithms (Weka Software) are used to predict the fish catch data of the lagoon for coming decade from 2020 to 2030. The effects of major hydraulic interventions are analyzed and the soft computing method of the fish and shrimp catch prediction of the Chilika has been attempted for the first time except some statistical approaches.
Results: The Random Forest is found to be the preferred algorithm followed by the MLP model. The amount of catch remained around 12-13TMT if the variables and the present status of the lagoon is maintained. The combined effect of the Sipakuda Tidal inlet and the effective operation of the Naraj barrage have maintained the sustainable aqua catch. The present study shall be an immense help for the lake users and policy makers to augment aquatic catch, and alternate livelihood fishers community of the Chilika lagoon.
Study the Impact of Vermicompost, Zinc and Iron on the Performance of Hybrid Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Pandey Hanuman Prasad , Sachan A. K. , Pathak R. K. , Tiwari U. S. , Pandey R. K. , Pandey Ritu 
Published: April 2021

A field experiment was conducted on student instructional farm (SIF) of Chandra Shekhar AzadUniversity of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, U.P. during kharif season 2019 and 2020, the present experiment having 32 treatments replicated thrice in factorial randomized block design on same laid out at same location. Hybrid maize variety Pioneer 3377 was sown at 60 × 20 cm (row×plant) during both the years, Soil application of Zinc (5.0 kg) and Iron (10 kg) along with 2.5 tonne vermicompost ha-1 gave significant increase (except plant population) in plant population m-2 (9.23 & 9.26), Plant height (195cm & 198 cm), number of cobs plant-1 (1.80 & 1.82), number of cobs m-2 (18 & 18) over control during 2019 and 2020.
Application of RP-HPLC for the Estimation of Allopurinol and Its Related Substances in Bulk and Tablet Dosage Form
Authors: Kumar Ch. Jaswanth , Pinnamaneni Prachet , Morla Siva Prasad , Kanth K. N. Rajini , Nadendla Rama Rao 
Published: April 2021

Aims: The main aim of the present study was to develop and validate a simple and cost- effective method for the estimation of allopurinol and its related substances by using RP-HPLC.
Study Design: Estimation of Allopurinol and its related substance in bulk and tablet dosage forms by RP-HPLC.
Place and Duration of Study: Chalapathi Drug Testing Laboratory, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chalapathi Nagar, Lam, Guntur-522034 between October 2020 to January 2021.
Methodology: Method development was carried out by using Schimadzu, Prominence-i series LC 3D-Plus autosampler embedded with lab solutions software, equipped with PDA detector using YMC column (150 mm X 4.6 mm, 3 μm) and 0.1M Ammonium acetate buffer as a mobile phase in the ratio of 100% at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min at a wavelength of 255nm. The developed method was validated according to ICH guidelines.
Results: The linearity was observed in the range of 20-100 µg/ml with a regression (R2) value of 0.999. Developed method was specific with no interactions and accurate with 100.11% for allopurinol and 99.54% for its related substance. The limit of detection for allopurinol was 2 µg/ml and for related substance was 0.0.1 µg/ml. The limit of quantification for allopurinol was 6 µg/ml and for related substance was 0.03 µg/ml respectively. The percentage relative standard deviation was found to be NMT 2 which indicates that the proposed method was precise and robust.
Conclusion: The developed method was simple, precise and accurate and can be successfully employed for the estimation of allopurinol in bulk and tablet dosage form.
Alteration in Metabolic Cost of Blood Urea, Serum Albumin and Oxidative Stress Induced by Oral Contraceptive Pills (OCP) among Elite Females
Authors: Jan Aftab Ahmad , Khan Alamgir , Butt Muhammad Zafar Iqbal , Khan Samiullah , Asghar Ejaz , Jamil Muhammad , Ahmad Adnan , Muavia Usman 
Published: April 2021

Background: For controlling unwilling pregnancy, sustaining gorgeousness and good health, among the elite level female athletes the use of contraceptive pills is quite common. Objective: Oxidative stress in female athletes is understudied. This research study was carried out in order to assess the alteration in metabolic rate of blood urea, bilirubin and oxidative stress induced by Levonorgestrel and Ethinylestradiol (oral contraceptive pills). The outcome of the study will reveal the impact of oral contraceptive pills on the overall health of the females.
Methods: User and non-user of oral contraceptive pills were included as participants of the study. Sixty elite level female athletes using Levonorgestrel and Ethinylestradiol were recruited as experimental group and twenty four female (non-users) as a control group were taken as sample of the study. Blood sample (5ml) was taken from all the subjects. Blood urea and bilirubin metabolism were estimated through kidney functional test and for the measurement of oxidative stress FRAP assay was used. The data obtained through kidney functional tests and FRAP assay were processed through statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, Version 23.0)
Results: A significant difference was found between control and experimental subjects in FRAP values because (t (82) = 3.236, P <0.05). The mean value of subject was 110.54 and control was 137.95 in FRAP the mean value of subject is less than the mean value of control (509.3 <700.7). In case of bilirubin and serum albumin no difference was noted between control and experimental group as the value of significance is greater than 0.05.
Conclusion: Based on the analysis, the researcher concluded that oral contraceptive pills produced significant rise in oxidative stress, thus affecting the overall health of elite female athletes.
Venetoclax with azacitidine or decitabine in blast‐phase myeloproliferative neoplasm: A multicenter series of 32 consecutive cases
Authors: Gangat Naseema , Guglielmelli Paola , Szuber Natasha , Begna Kebede H. , Patnaik Mrinal M. , Litzow Mark R. , Al‐Kali Aref , Foran James M. , Palmer Jeanne M. , Alkhateeb Hassan , Elliott Michelle A. , Hanson Curtis A. , Pardanani Animesh , Mannelli Francesco , Vannucchi Alessandro M. , Tefferi Ayalew 
Published: April 2021

AbstractVenetoclax (Ven) combined with a hypomethylating agent (HMA) has now emerged as an effective treatment regimen for acute myeloid leukemia, in both de novo and relapsed/refractory setting. The current multicenter study retrospectively examined Ven + HMA treatment outcome among 32 patients (median age 69 years; 59% males) with blast‐phase myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN‐BP). Pre‐leukemic phenotype included essential thrombocythemia (ET)/post‐ET myelofibrosis (34%), polycythemia vera (PV)/post‐PV myelofibrosis (38%) and primary myelofibrosis (28%). Twenty‐nine study patients were fully annotated cytogenetically and molecularly (NGS): 69% harbored complex karyotype and/or mutations, including TP53 (41%), IDH1/2 (21%), ASXL1 (21%), N/KRAS (14%), SRSF2 (10%), EZH2 (10%) and U2AF1 (7%). All patients received Ven combined with either azacitidine (n = 12) or decitabine (n = 20); either up front (n = 23) or after failing another induction therapy (n = 9). Complete remission with (CR) or without (CRi) count recovery was achieved in 14 (44%) patients and was more likely to occur in the absence of pre‐leukemic PV/post‐PV myelofibrosis phenotype (p < .01), complex karyotype (p < .01) or K/NRAS (p = .03) mutations; seven of eight patients (88%) without vs four of 21 (19%) with complex karyotype or K/NRAS mutation achieved CR/CRi (p < .01); all 11 informative patients with pre‐leukemic PV/post‐PV myelofibrosis phenotype displayed complex karyotype (p < .01). In contrast, neither TP53 (p = .45) nor IDH1/2 (p = .63) mutations affected response. Compared to historical controls treated with HMA alone (n = 26), the CR/CRi rate (44% vs 4%) and median survival (8 vs 5.5 months) were more favorable with Ven + HMA, but without significant difference in overall survival. Importantly, six patients with CR/CRi subsequently received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT). Note, Ven + HMA produces robust CR/CRi rates in MPN‐BP, especially in the absence of RAS mutations and complex karyotype, thus enabling AHSCT, in some patients.
Highs and Lows of Bond Lengths: Is There Any Limit?
Authors: Lobato Alvaro , Salvadó Miguel A. , Recio J. Manuel , Taravillo Mercedes , Baonza Valentín G. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTwo distinct points on the potential energy curve (PEC) of a pairwise interaction, the zero‐energy crossing point and the point where the stretching force constant vanishes, allow us to anticipate the range of possible distances between two atoms in diatomic, molecular moieties and crystalline systems. We show that these bond‐stability boundaries are unambiguously defined and correlate with topological descriptors of electron‐density‐based scalar fields, and can be calculated using generic PECs. Chemical databases and quantum‐mechanical calculations are used to analyze a full set of diatomic bonds of atoms from the s‐p main block. Emphasis is placed on the effect of substituents in C−C covalent bonds, concluding that distances shorter than 1.14 Å or longer than 2.0 Å are unlikely to be achieved, in agreement with ultra‐high‐pressure data and transition‐state distances, respectively. Presumed exceptions are used to place our model in the correct framework and to formulate a conjecture for chained interactions, which offers an explanation for the multimodal histogram of O−H distances reported for hundreds of chemical systems.
Tailoring the Electronic Metal–Support Interactions in Supported Atomically Dispersed Gold Catalysts for Efficient Fenton‐like Reaction
Authors: Xie Mingsen , Dai Fangfang , Li Jing , Dang Xinyu , Guo Jinna , Lv Weiqiang , Zhang Zhen , Lu Xiaoquan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe atomically dispersed metal is expected as one of the most promising Fenton‐like catalysts for the degradation of recalcitrant organic pollutants (ROPs) by the strong “electronic metal–support interactions” (EMSIs). Here, we develop an atomically dispersed metal–atom alloy made by guest Au atoms substitute host V atoms in the two‐dimensional VO2(B) nanobelt support (Au/VO2) to activate Fenton‐like oxidation for elimination of ROPs. The 2D nanobelt structure enlarges the exposure of atomically Au thus increasing the number of active sites to absorb more S2O82− ions. And the EMSIs regulate the charge density in Au atoms to present positive charge Au+, lowering the energy barrier of S2O82− decomposition to produce SO4.−. The Au/VO2 catalyst possesses excellent durable and reliable characteristics and exhibits record‐breaking efficiency with TOF as high as 21.42 min−1, 16.19 min−1, and 80.89 min−1 for rhodamine, phenol, and bisphenol A degradation, respectively.
Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective, Complete Hydrogenation of Benzofurans by Cascade Catalysis
Authors: Moock Daniel , Wagener Tobias , Hu Tianjiao , Gallagher Timothy , Glorius Frank 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe report an enantio‐ and diastereoselective, complete hydrogenation of multiply substituted benzofurans in a one‐pot cascade catalysis. The developed protocol facilitates the controlled installation of up to six new defined stereocenters and produces architecturally complex octahydrobenzofurans, prevalent in many bioactive molecules. A unique match of a chiral homogeneous ruthenium‐N‐heterocyclic carbene complex and an in situ activated rhodium catalyst from a complex precursor act in sequence to enable the presented process.
Hierarchical porous carbon derived from green cyclodextrin metal‐organic framework and its application in microwave absorption
Authors: Zhang Shao‐Xia , Xu Long , Chen Zhi‐Hui , Fan Shu‐Ting , Qiu Zhen‐Jiang , Nie Zi‐Jun , Li Bang‐Jing , Zhang Sheng 
Published: April 2021

Abstractγ‐cyclodextrin (CD)‐metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐K is developed as a new kind of green template for the preparation of hierarchical porous carbon (HPC). Three‐level porous structure (micro‐, meso‐, and macro‐pores) has been successful constructed by calcined γ‐CD‐MOF‐K at 600°C. The fabricated carbon (HPC‐600) shows good microwave adsorption ability due to its unique hierarchical porous structure (macropores allow microwave enter the interior of the absorbents, and then micro‐ and meso‐pores attenuate the incident microwave effectively by multiple reflections and polarization loss caused.) The minimum reflection loss (RL) is − 23.5 dB and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL≤− 10 dB) is 4.3 GHz. This work provides a good reference for efficient and environment‐friendly microwave absorbents. In addition, the applications of HPC‐600 may further expand to adsorption, sensing and supercapacitors due to the hierarchically porous structure.
Performance of nylon 6 composites reinforced with modified agave fiber: Structural, morphological, and mechanical features
Authors: García Hernández Zureima , Miranda Teran Zaira Nayeli , González Morones Pablo , Yañez Macías Roberto , Solís Rosales Silvia G. , Romero Gabriela Yolotzin , Sifuentes‐Nieves Israel , Hernández‐Hernández Ernesto 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNylon 6 (Ny6) composites reinforced with treated agave fiber (AF) at different concentrations (5–20 wt%) were achieved by melt mixing process at 250°C, without the addition of any compatibilizing or coupling agents, and characterized in terms of their structural, morphological, and mechanical properties. The alkaline‐ultrasound (NaOH‐U) treatment in AF resulted in the removal of the low thermal stability components (pectin and hemicellulose), concentrating the cellulose fraction, and favoring the crystallinity percentages (Xc) of the Ny/AF composites. Moreover, the interfacial interactions between functional groups of agave fiber and Ny6 resulted in the increase Young's modulus (18.8%), flexural strength (11.3%), and density (3.7%). These findings could be useful when looking for potential applications in the mobility industry.
Effects of long‐term ethanol storage on muscle architecture
Authors: Leonard Kaitlyn C. , Worden Nikole , Boettcher Marissa L. , Dickinson Edwin , Hartstone‐Rose Adam 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMuscle excursion and force potential can be estimated from architectural variables, including mass, volume, fascicle length, and density. These have been collected from fresh specimens, preserved specimens, and sometimes mixed samples of both. However, preservation alters the gross morphology of muscles. This study aims to quantify the effects of long‐term storage on myological properties across a sample of fresh and ethanol preservedMus musculusspecimens ranging in storage time from 16 to 130 years. Masses, volumes, and densities of biceps femoris, quadriceps femoris, and triceps surae were measured, and histological cross‐sections of some specimens were used to evaluate the microscale effects of long‐term fluid preservation. For the remainder of the sample, chemically dissected fascicle lengths were measured to evaluate the fixation effects on the linear dimensions of muscle architecture. Relative muscle mass, volume, fascicle length, average fiber area, and density, and percent fiber area were regressed against years stored in ethanol. Muscle size dropped steeply between fresh and stored samples, ultimately decreasing by 62 and 60%, respectively. These losses correlate with histologically measured shrinking of average muscle fiber area. Density of stored specimens plateaued 5% below that of fresh ones. Although muscles lost mass and volume during ethanol storage, fascicle lengths did not shorten significantly (presumably because they were preserved attached on either end to bone). This study demonstrates that muscle mass, volume, and density of specimens stored long‐term in ethanol should be corrected by factors of 2.64, 2.49, and 1.054 respectively for comparability to fresh specimens.
Notch‐1 and Notch‐3 Mediate Hypoxia‐Induced Activation of Synovial Fibroblasts in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Chen Jianhai , Cheng Wenxiang , Li Jian , Wang Yan , Chen Jingqin , Shen Xin , Su Ailing , Gan Donghao , Ke Liqing , Liu Gang , Lin Jietao , Li Liang , Bai Xueling , Zhang Peng 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate the molecular mechanism of hypoxia‐induced rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblast (RASF) activation via Notch‐1 and Notch‐3 signaling, and to evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target.MethodsExpression of Notch‐1 intracellular domain (N1ICD), N3ICD, and hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) was assessed by immunhistology in synovial tissue from patients with RA. RASFs were cultured under hypoxic conditions and normoxic conditions with or without small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and N1ICD and N3ICD were overexpressed under normoxic conditions. Rats with collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) were administered LY411575 (inhibitor of N1ICD and N3ICD) for 15 days and 28 days, and its therapeutic efficacy was assessed by histologic and radiologic evaluation of the rat synovial tissue, and by analysis of inflammatory cytokine production in the serum of rats.ResultsN1ICD, N3ICD, and HIF‐1α were expressed abundantly in the synovial tissue of RA patients. HIF‐1α was shown to directly regulate the expression of Notch‐1 and Notch‐3 genes under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, hypoxia‐induced N1ICD and N3ICD expression in RASFs was blocked by HIF‐1α siRNA. Notch‐1 siRNA and Notch‐3 siRNA inhibited hypoxia‐induced RASF invasion and angiogenesis in vitro, whereas overexpression of N1ICD and N3ICD promoted these processes. In addition, Notch‐1 was shown to regulate RASF migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition under hypoxic conditions, whereas Notch‐3 was shown to regulate the processes of anti‐apoptosis and autophagy. Furthermore, in vivo studies in rats with CIA showed that the N1ICD and N3ICD inhibitor LY411575 had a therapeutic effect in terms of ameliorating the symptoms and severity of the disease.ConclusionThis study identified a functional link between HIF‐1α, Notch‐1, and Notch‐3 signaling in regulating activation of RASFs and the processes involved in the pathogenesis of RA.