bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRAFFIC-RELATED AIR POLLUTION AND INFECTIONS JOINTLY INCREASE THE RISK OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Ukraintseva Svetlana , Popov Vladimir , Duan Hongzhe , Yashkin Arseniy , Akushevich Igor , Arbeev Konstantin , Yashin Anatoliy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Accumulating evidence points to a potentially major role of vulnerability to infections in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development, although the exact mechanism is not clear. AD is a multifactorial disorder, and the presence of other risk factors may exacerbate the impact of infections on AD. Here we investigated how the interplay between a history of infections and exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP), another risk factor for AD that may influence the brain’s vulnerability to infections, affects the risks of AD and other dementias in UKB participants aged 60-75. Infectious diseases, AD, and other dementia diagnoses were based on ICD9/ICD10 codes. Chronic exposure to TRAP was approximated by closeness (50 meters or less) of participant’s primary residence to a major road. Chi-square, Wilson score interval, Wald interval, Wald risk ratio, and Welch tests, and regression were used to assess statistical significance. We found that the presence of both, a history of infections and exposure to TRAP in UKB participants aged 60-75, was associated with 177% higher risk of AD onset after the age of 75 (risk ratio, RR=2.77, 95% CI [1.86, 4.11]), compared to individuals of the same age who had no history of either of these factors. One mechanism could involve TRAP compromising the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), potentially increasing the brain’s vulnerability to infections and related damage. This, in turn, might contribute to the promotion of AD pathology.
APPLYING TIME-OF-FLIGHT SENSOR IN EARLY MOBILIZATION INTERVENTION FOR HOSPITALIZED OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Chen I-Ling , Yang Po-Lung , Lai Hsiu-Yun , Wang Mu-Cyun , Pien Chien-Jung , Kuo Han-Yueh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Early mobilization is crucial in preventing functional decline associated with hospitalization among older adults. To assess the effectiveness of an early mobilization intervention program, this randomized trial implements Time-of-Flight (ToF) sensor technology in quantifying patient mobility. Twenty-five adults aged 65 or above who were hospitalized for acute illness were enrolled in the study. The intervention group received early rehabilitation treatment by physical therapists, while the control group received education on self-exercises. All enrolled patients were monitored with Time-of-Flight sensors to record the number of out-of-bed movements during their hospital stay. Patient mobility scores were calculated upon enrollment and the date of discharge using the de Morton Mobility Index(DEMMI). The patients were followed up by phone call at 1 month and 6 months after discharge, collecting information about re-admission to the hospital and mortality. Results showed that both intervention and control groups improved upon discharge. The average increase of DEMMI score is higher in the intervention group(mean: 9.82; SD: 10.97) than in the control group (mean: 7.07; SD: 10.72). However, no statistical significance was detected(p=0.53). DEMMI scores positively correlated with average daily out-of-bed movements (Pearson correlation coefficient &gt; 0.7 and p &lt; 0.001), validating the measurements of ToF sensors. Our study has strengths in utilizing sensor technology that does not require wearable devices to obtain objective measurements of mobility. However, this study is limited by its small sample size. Future research is needed to further examine the effectiveness of early mobilization among hospitalized older adults in the clinical settings.
CULTURALLY ADAPTING A TAILORED ACTIVITY PROGRAM FOR CHINESE OLDER ADULTS LIVING IN NURSING HOMES
Authors: Zheng Yu , Peng Wenting , Liu Minhui , Gong Ni , Li Chunxiao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia are aggravating among older adults at nursing homes. However, in China, there is no recognized effective program that has improved the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Therefore, we aimed to cross-culturally adapt and localize a foreign evidence-based intervention program (Tailored Activity Program, TAP), and examine its feasibility and acceptability. A total of 20 people with dementia and 12 caregivers participated in the program, and after 8 sessions. Results showed that there were significant improvements in behavioral and psychological symptoms, daily living activities, depression of older adults and depression, caregiving burden, caregiving response load of caregivers (P &lt; 0.05), but there were no significant changes in quality of life, cognitive function of older adults and caregivers’ readiness (P &gt; 0.05). In the semi-structured interview section, the interview data of people with dementia could be summarized as improved negative emotions, relieved stress, disinterest in activities, and activity-related suggestions; the interview data of caregivers could be summarized as improved negative emotions, relieved stress, and desire to be understood. Finally, 2 adapted suggestions (extending the duration of interventions and adjusting inclusion-exclusion criteria) were obtained based on the feedback from interview section. In conclusion,18 of 20 people with dementia (90% &gt; 80%) and all of 12 caregivers (100% &gt; 80%) fully understood and were willing to accept the program. This program improves the emotional experience, with a high degree of feasibility and acceptability. The tailored activity program was considered to be adapted and localized.
EXAMINING THE COST BURDEN OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS IN OLDER ADULT DRIVERS: AN ANALYSIS FROM THE AAA LONGROAD STUDY
Authors: Baird Sara , Moran Ryan , Hacker Sarah , Lawton Dylan , Hill Linda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Dietary supplements (DS) are commonly used, yet consistent evidence of benefit remains lacking. Many older adults have fixed incomes, and the relative costs of DS remain poorly understood. Data was obtained from the first two years from the LongROAD study, a multicenter prospective cohort study of older drivers (≥ 65 years old). At baseline and annually, over-the-counter and prescription medications were systematically coded and categorized, with attention to DS formulations. Cost estimates utilizing the lowest priced brand on Amazon.com were matched to registered DS in the National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements database. Cost burden per participant was based on reported frequency of use and analysed against participant demographics. Of the 2,990 participants at baseline, 2717 participants had follow up through year 2. Almost all participants (n=2518, 84%) utilized at least one DS during the two-year period. Of 146 DS formulations identified, 135 (92%) were included for cost analysis; the remainder were not listed on Amazon.com. Among DS users, the average estimated annual cost burden was $205.15 (SD +/- $259.49) at baseline, $222.35 (SD +/- $282.68) at year one, and $213.56 (SD +/- $273.51) at year two. Female participants had a higher average estimated annual cost (p&lt; 0.001); there was no significant difference by education or income level. The average monthly cost of DS in this population is similar to two or more generic medications. The health implications and potential cost effect on prescription medication compliance warrants further attention.
HISTORY OF HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGE GAPS AND HEALTH CARE USE AFTER GAINING AGE-BASED MEDICARE COVERAGE
Authors: Morris Jada , Tumin Dmitry , Zhang Yan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between gaps in health insurance coverage prior to Medicare eligibility and subsequent changes in healthcare utilization among older adults in the United States. Medicare serves as the primary healthcare system for individuals aged 65 and above, offering access to essential medical services and security to seniors nationwide. Despite this, a significant portion of Americans aged 55–64 experience interruptions in health insurance coverage. Through an examination of Medicare enrollees with the RAND HRS 2020 dataset, we aim to determine whether experiencing coverage gaps before becoming eligible for Medicare is associated with lower utilization of preventive care services after gaining Medicare coverage. We hypothesize that individuals with a history of coverage lapses will present a decrease in attendance at primary care appointments following enrollment in Medicare. The study draws upon existing literature highlighting the challenges faced by uninsured older adults in accessing preventive care, often resorting to emergency department visits for healthcare needs. Additionally, gaps in coverage may lead to delays in diagnosis and treatment, inconsistent access to medications, and increased reliance on emergency room services post-Medicare enrollment. Our objective is to provide insights into the factors influencing healthcare utilization among older adults transitioning to Medicare, with a focus on the impact of pre-Medicare coverage lapses. Our hope is that by understanding these dynamics, policymakers and healthcare providers can develop targeted interventions to address gaps in coverage and promote equitable access to preventive care services for aging populations.
INNOVATION DESIGN: MEDICAL DEVICE TESTING BEFORE DEPLOYMENT FOR RESEARCH STUDIES
Authors: Ashcraft Alyce , Owen Donna , Brashear Jessica 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Smart technology for point of care (POC) testing, allows the creation of new devices from a design innovation mindset. Refinement in POC testing for infection is profoundly needed because of continuing dissatisfaction with antibiotic stewardship. Determining optimal control conditions to detect when a device is working as expected is a first step.

Aim
To describe the process of validating a device for POC infection assessment. A collaborative team involving Nursing, Clinical Laboratory Sciences, and Electrical Engineering drove device testing following a standard protocol validation for a POC instrument using American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science (ASCLS) guidelines. The protocol included comparison of two presumably identical devices relying on lasers for determination of specimen end points.

Results
Differences between the device operation manual and expected performance indicators provided direction for engaging with the device design team. Functionality of devices was determined by noting operational differences. Validation failed for both devices. Multiple experiments were performed with controlled variables; one device provided expected results on 33% of runs, while the other only had expected results on 16% of its runs. A critical laser error was found in the instrument with the 16% success rate; mechanical issues with the other device were noted and have yet to be fully specified.

Discussion
We engaged in collaborative ZOOM discussions, problem visualization screen shots, and photos of device elements. We learned more about the internal working of the device and proposed changes to the device to facilitate navigation around problems and begin the work of device redesign.
SLEEPING MEDICATIONS AND PREVENTION OF FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY IN OLDER ADULTS WITH LOW CARE NEEDS: THE SOHA STUDY
Authors: Otsuki Naoko , Yamamoto Ryohei , Kono Ayumi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Although sleeping medications are extensively used to treat sleep disorders in older adults, their safety and efficacy in term of physical influences are controversial. A previous review reported that the risk of falls and hip fractures was associated not only with sleeping medications but also with sleep disorders. Improving sleep disorders may be vital for preventing functional disabilities. The present prospective cohort study aims to clarify the association between sleeping medication use and the incidence of functional disability in 1,652 older adults aged ≥65 years with low care needs in Japan’s long-term care insurance (LTCI). The present study included 1,291 participants aged 65 years or older at the baseline date after excluding 302 participants who received long-term care certification during the six-month baseline period. The outcome was the identification of functional disabilities based on LTCI certification. The association between the sleeping medications and the incidence of functional disabilities was assessed using Fine and Gray proportional sub-distribution hazards models. During the median observational period of 2.5 years, the incidence of functional disabilities was observed in 54.6% and 49.7% participants in the “No use” group and the “Use” group, respectively. This study clarified that the group using sleeping medications had a significantly lower risk of functional disabilities than the group not using them. (Sub-hazard ratios of “No use” and “Use”: 1.00 [reference], 0.82[CIs, 0.68–0.99]). Our findings differ from those of previous studies and may provide useful suggestions for home care services for older adults with low care needs.
UTILIZATION OF USUAL SOURCE OF CARE AND HEALTH LITERACY AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH HYPERTENSION
Authors: Hong Dahye , Kim Jennifer , Kang Bada 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Health literacy (HL) is crucial for health outcomes in older adults with chronic conditions because it influences disease-related knowledge and medication adherence. Although the usual source of care (USC) is recognized as an influencing factor for HL, little is known about the association between the utilization of USC and health literacy among older adults with hypertension. This study examined the relationship between the utilization of USC and HL among adults aged 65 years or older with hypertension (N = 1,482 women and 1,064 men) using data from the Korea Health Panel Survey 2021. Three analyses were performed to examine the association between the utilization of USC and HL after adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. The results of logistic regression, showed a negative association between the absence of USC and HL. When HL was divided into three levels (inadequate, problematic, and sufficient), the multinomial regression analysis indicated that the absence of USC demonstrated a more pronounced negative association with higher levels of HL. Linear regression analysis revealed a negative association between the absence of USC and all domains of health literacy (i.e., healthcare, disease prevention, and health promotion). Disease prevention, which is known to be associated with the prevention of multimorbidity, exhibited the most pronounced negative association with the absence of USC. These findings have implications for policymakers, as promoting the utilization of USC can be an effective approach for improving HL in older adults with hypertension and will be beneficial in preventing the incidence of multimorbidity among vulnerable populations.
PILOT STUDY OF A VIRTUAL ART KIT PROGRAM FOR COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Mertz Laurel , Smith Jennifer 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Engagement in the arts has been shown to improve health and well-being in older adults. However, previous research suggests that some older adults may experience barriers to arts engagement, such as health concerns, cost, and lack of transport. One method to address these potential barriers for older adults is virtual arts programming. The purpose of this study was to determine older adults’ satisfaction with a six-week virtual art kit pilot program, as well as to examine how participation in the program affected participants’ health and well-being. The program involved participants receiving an art kit via mail with the supplies and instructions needed for each weekly project (e.g., scarf dying, affirmation weaving). Participation in weekly classes delivered via video conferencing and a social media group was encouraged. A total of 285 community-dwelling older adults completed both the pre- and post- surveys (96.1% female; 91.9% between the ages of 55 to 74). Analyses revealed high satisfaction with the program. Participants significantly improved from before to after the program on creativity, sense of community, purpose, stress, life satisfaction, and attitudes toward aging. There was no significant change in sense of mindfulness, loneliness, nor self-reported mental and physical health. This study provides evidence for the positive impact of a virtual art kit program on multiple aspects of well-being for older adults. Given the importance of accessibility in arts engagement, future research should continue to examine virtual arts programs as a method to enhance well-being.
SILVER TSUNAMIS, GRAY TIDES, AND DEAD WOOD: EXPLORING AGEIST METAPHORS AT THE INTERSECTION OF AGING AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: Kriebernegg Ulla , Kainradl Anna-Christina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper explores the ageist metaphorical language that links demographic change and climate change from a cultural gerontological perspective. Older adults are often labeled as ‘vulnerable’ and ‘at risk’ in the face of the climate crisis, framing it as a costly public health challenge. Simultaneously, they face criticism and animosity, being perceived as contributors to environmental degradation. The metaphorical realms of aging and climate change converge in ageist metaphors such as ‘the silver tsunami’ or ‘the gray flood’ that reinforce the image of the double burden allegedly represented by older people. Canadian sociologist Stephen Katz labeled this perspective “alarmist demography,” challenging the notion that the threat arises from a growing, demanding, and relatively affluent group relying on the welfare state, burdening younger generations (1992, 203). Scrutinizing the rising ageism in climate change discourse, this paper illustrates how ageist metaphors might act as a veil, concealing other socio-political issues that warrant attention, such as social inequalities. To showcase this phenomenon, we will use examples from media and film as well as Margaret Atwood’s short story “Torching the Dusties” (2014), which depicts young people setting nursing homes on fire, burning down “the dead wood” to force the old to “make room” for the young. Using such recent cultural representations, we will make the dangerous ageism inherent in the double burden narrative very explicit. To conclude, the paper shows that generational warfare is not helpful, and that tackling climate protection requires a collective effort involving all generations.
QUALITATIVE PERCEPTIONS OF UNDERVACCINATED OLDER ADULTS AND POTENTIAL AVENUES FOR INTERVENTION
Authors: Fuller Heather , Huseth-Zosel Andrea , Van Vleet Bryce , Undem Teri 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Though older adults typically have relatively high vaccination rates, some older adults are reluctant to receive recommended vaccinations, a trend that is increasing in recent years. Vaccine hesitancy is not well understood among older adults but could help pinpoint areas of intervention to potentially reduce concerns and improve health outcomes. This study qualitatively examines vaccination decision-making processes among older adults (aged 65+) in North Dakota. Qualitative, semi-structured phone interviews focused on access, knowledge, and decisions about vaccines were conducted with 51 older adults between November 2022-January 2023. Of those participants, 24 were selected for the current study due to lacking 33% or more of recommended vaccines for this age group (i.e., influenza, shingles, pneumococcal, COVID-19). Interview transcripts were inductively coded to identify themes related to perceptions of acceptance and hesitancy with making decision about vaccines. Emergent themes included: skepticism, uncertainty of decisions, regret at being misled/fooled, defiance, and confidence in decisions. Within each theme, transcripts were examined to determine potential intervention approaches. To address skepticism, reduction of propaganda campaigns was identified. Creative educational and outreach interventions that emphasize consistent messaging were identified to address both uncertainty and regret. To address defiance and confidence in decisions, interventions should strategically utilize trusted information sources including physicians, pharmacists, and the church while targeting informed, independent decision-making. Findings contribute to better understanding the perceptions and decisions of vaccine hesitant older adults and suggest potential focus areas for interventions to potentially improve vaccination rates and reduce health risks for this population.
THE EFFECT OF FAMILY RELATIONS AND THE SATISFACTION OF SOCIAL ACTIVITIES BY GENDER
Authors: Kim Meeryoung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The retirement age in Korea is 60, and most of the time after retirement is spent at home. Sometimes staying at home can be a source of conflict. However, doing social activities and being satisfied with such activities can become energy in old age. From an ecological point of view, this study investigates family relationships and satisfaction with various social relationships and activities as factors influencing the life satisfaction of older adults. The effects of these relationships may vary by gender. This study used the seventh additional and eighth wave of the Korean Retirement and Income Study. The subjects of this study were adults aged 60 and older. The sample size of men is 232 and the sample of women is 165. Multiple regressions were used for data analysis. Demographic variables were controlled. As for independent variables, this study used: the degree of spousal conflict, conflicts with children who reside at home and outside, satisfaction with leisure, and organizational and relational activities. Life satisfaction was used as a dependent variable. Research findings showed that relationship satisfaction had a significant effect on life satisfaction for both men and women. However, relationship satisfaction was relatively higher for men than for women. Unlike men, women’s life satisfaction was impacted negatively by conflict between a spouse and children living together. These results imply that the same conflicts between spouses and children have different effects on life satisfaction by gender difference. Therefore, we must consider gender difference when deciding on old age policy.