bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foliar fertilization of organic sunflower, enhanced yield components and seed yield in the humid tropics
Authors: Olowe Victor I. O. , Fadeyi James , Odueme Patience , Aderonmu Damilare , Otaiku Ayodele 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In a two year experiment carried out on the organic research plots of the Institute of Food Security, Environmental Resources and Agricultural Research, Nigeria. Two liquid organic fertilizers (ARATI NAWOZ {2.01% N} and ARATI BAJA {1.01% N}) and control were applied to four sunflower varieties (SAMSUN 1, SAMSUN 2, SAMSUN 3 and SAMSUN 4) during the late cropping season (July – Nov.) of 2016 and 2017 to evaluate their agronomic response. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design using a 4 × 3 factorial arrangement in three replicates. Data were collected on plant height at maturity, head diameter and weight, weight and number of seeds per head, 100 seed weight and seed yield. The varietal effect was significant (P < 0.05) on head diameter and weight, and number and weight of seeds per head, and seed yield in 2016. However, during the markedly dry 2017, the varietal effect was not significant for any trait measured. Foliar application of ARATI NAWOZ significantly (P < 0.05) increased height at maturity, the weight of seeds and head per plant and seed yield relative to the control in both years. Significant Variety × Fertilizer interaction effect was also recorded on the height at maturity, head diameter and weight, and seed yield in 2016. SAMSUN 4 (975.6 kg/ha) produced significantly (P < 0.05) higher seed yield than SAMSUN 1 (789.82 kg/ha) and SAMSUN 2 (778.54 kg/ha) in 2016. The efficacy of the application of both fertilizers was on par for most traits in both years. On average, the application of organic fertilizers resulted in a 15.76 and 69.02% increase in seed yield relative to the control in 2016 and 2017, respectively. ARATI NAWOZ and ARATI BAJA appeared promising for sunflower production in the humid tropics.
Dose-dependent and time-dependent metabolic, hemodynamic, and redox disturbances in dexamethasone-treated Wistar rats
Authors: Nguelefack-Mbuyo Elvine P. , Peyembouo Fernande P. , Fofié Christian K. , Nguelefack Télesphore B. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Dexamethasone is used experimentally to induce insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, data concerning the dose, the duration of treatment, and the associated comorbidities are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different doses of dexamethasone and the duration of treatment necessary for the development of a model of insulin resistance that mimics the clinical condition with the associated comorbidities.

Methods
Dexamethasone was administered intramuscularly to male Wistar rats, at doses of 500 and 1,000 µg/kg/day for the subchronic treatment (eight consecutive days) and at doses of 5, 25, 50, and 100 µg/kg/day in chronic treatment (28 consecutive days). Effects on body weight, metabolism, hemodynamics, renal function, and redox status were evaluated.

Results
Both treatments induced a progressive body weight loss that was drastic in subchronic treatment, improved glucose tolerance without affecting fasting glycemia. Doses of 1,000 and 100 µg/kg were associated with hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and increased heart rate, cardiac and renal hypertrophy. Increased creatinemia associated with reduced creatinuria were observed in sub-chronic treatment while increased proteinuria and reduced creatinuria were noticed in chronic treatment. 1,000 µg/kg dexamethasone caused an increase in hepatic, and renal malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) coupled with a reduction in catalase activity. The dose of 100 µg/kg induced a rise in GSH and catalase activity but reduced MDA levels in the kidney.

Conclusions
Doses of 1,000 µg/kg for subchronic and 100 µg/kg for chronic treatment exhibited similar effects and are the best doses to respective time frames to induce the model.
Von Wittenberg und Nürnberg nach Kronstadt: Die Siebenbürgischen Kirchenordnungen von 1543/47 vor dem Hintergrund ihrer Wurzeln
Authors: Kohnle Armin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In the early phase of the Reformation in Transylvania, two church-regulating texts became particularly important: Johannes Honter’s little Reformation booklet for Kronstadt und Burzenland from 1543 and the church regulations published in print in 1547, which the Universitas Saxonum made binding for the entire area of Saxon law three years later. The essay focuses on these two important texts and analyzes their roots in the Reformation tradition of the Holy Roman Empire and the Swiss Confederation. Wittenberg and Nuremberg stand for two of the possible sources from which the Transylvanian church ordinances could have drawn. In view of more than a century of intensive historiographical debate on these questions, an attempt is made to present the different positions and to check them for plausibility. The influence of Swiss theology, which is important from a church historical perspective, is also analyzed here.
Who should return for an oral glucose tolerance test? A proposed clinical pathway based on retrospective analysis of 332 children
Authors: Poon Sarah Wing-Yiu , Wong Wilfred Hing-Sang , Tsang Anita Man-Ching , Poon Grace Wing-Kit , Tung Joanna Yuet-Ling 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Fasting plasma glucose or oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is the traditional diagnostic tool for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, fasting is required and implementation in all overweight/obese subjects is not practical. This study aimed to formulate a clinical pathway to stratify subjects according to their risk of abnormal OGTT.

Methods
This retrospective study included patients with overweight or obesity who had undergone OGTT in a tertiary paediatric unit from 2012 to 2018. The optimal haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) cutoff that predicts abnormal OGTT was evaluated. Other non-fasting parameters, in combination with this HbA1c cutoff, were also explored as predictors of abnormal OGTT.

Results
Three hundred and thirty-two patients (boys: 54.2%, Chinese: 97.3%) were included for analysis, of which, 272 (81.9%) patients had normal OGTT while 60 (18.0%) patients had abnormal OGTT (prediabetes or T2DM). Optimal HbA1c predicting abnormal OGTT was 5.5% (AUC 0.71; sensitivity of 66.7% and specificity of 71%). When HbA1c≥5.5% was combined with positive family history and abnormal alanine transaminase (ALT) level, the positive predictive value for abnormal OGTT was increased from 33.6 to 61.6%.

Conclusions
HbA1c, family history of T2DM and ALT level could be used to derive a clinical pathway to stratify children who have high risk of abnormal OGTT.
Pregnant women’s psychological state and influence factors: anxiety, and depression during COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Cao Yuming , Liu Juan , Zhang Yuanzhen , Li Yating , Chen Zhenlie , Lu Jing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The outbreak of COVID-19 affects both physical and mental health of pregnant women. This study focuses on their psychological status, and analyzes the main factors affecting their emotions of pregnant women so as to provide guidance for psychological counseling and social intervention during epidemics.

Methods
Multiple researchers distributed a questionnaire online via the Internet. Pregnant women volunteered, and the questionnaire was automatically collected in the background.

Results
The 298 valid questionnaires recovered showed that 82 cases of pregnant women were in states of anxiety, accounting for 27.51%, of which 78.05% were mild (82 cases), 19.51% were moderate (16 cases), and 2.44% were severe (2 cases). Moreover, 31.21% of pregnant women were in states of depression (93 cases), of which 52.69% were mild (49 cases), 40.86% were moderate (38 cases), and 6.45% were severe (6 cases). The risk factors for states of anxiety or depression were fear of fetal malformation or genetic disease, history of adverse pregnancy, can’t do routine prenatal examination, and insufficient support and care from husbands and families. Besides, 16 cases had sought psychological help during the epidemic, among whom 62.50% (10 cases) experienced anxiety, 68.75% (11 cases) had depression.

Conclusions
During the outbreak of COVID-19, obstetricians may take use of the Internet, based on the advantages in epidemic prevention, controlling health education, and popularizing science. In addition, husbands and family members should provide greater care for pregnant women, to protect their mental health during public health incidents.
The transition from pediatric to adult rheumatology care through creating positive and productive patient-provider relationships: an opportunity often forgotten
Authors: Semalulu Teresa , McColl Jeanine , Alam Arzoo , Thomas Steffy , Herrington Julie , Gorter Jan Willem , Cellucci Tania , Garner Stephanie , Heale Liane , Matsos Mark , Beattie Karen A. , Batthish Michelle 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background
The transition of patients with a chronic rheumatic disease from pediatric to adult care has been characterized by poor medical and patient-centered outcomes due to the lack of comprehensive transition programs and the paucity of evidence to guide practitioners. We describe a multidisciplinary transition program, data assessing patients’ preparedness for transition and perception of care providers, and the association between these outcomes.

Content
Patients aged 14–19 with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) or juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) were recruited from Rheumatology Transition Clinics and Young Adult Clinics at a single institution. Participants completed the TRANSITION-Q, which assesses healthcare self-management skills as a proxy for transition readiness, and the Consultation and Relational Empathy Scale (CARE) questionnaire, which measures patients’ perception of their providers’ care and empathy.

Summary
Among 63 participants, 87% had JIA (mean age 16.5 years). Age was the only patient characteristic positively associated with TRANSITION-Q scores. CARE scores revealed overwhelmingly positive interactions between patients and healthcare team members. TRANSITION-Q and CARE scores were positively correlated.

Outlook
The transition from pediatric to adult rheumatology care should be recognized as an opportunity to impact the trajectories of patients entering adult care where the patient-provider relationship may play an important role.
Seasonal Adjustment of Daily Time Series
Authors: Ollech Daniel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCurrently, the methods used by producers of official statistics do not facilitate the seasonal and calendar adjustment of daily time series, even though an increasing number of series with daily observations are available. The aim of this paper is the development of a procedure to estimate and adjust for periodically recurring systematic effects and the influence of moving holidays in time series with daily observations. To STL based seasonal adjustment routine is combined with a RegARIMA model for the estimation of calendar and outlier effects. The procedure is illustrated and validated using a set of daily time series with different seasonal characteristics as well as simulated data. The developed procedure closes a gap by facilitating the seasonal and calendar adjustment of daily time series.
Schuldig bei Verdacht? Prüfstrategien in Beschuldigtenvernehmungen
Authors: May Lennart , Stein Annemarie , Gundlach Thomas E. , Volbert Renate 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, ob in Beschuldigtenvernehmungen eine positive Prüfstrategie angewendet wird, die bei uneindeutiger Beweislage aufgrund einer strukturbedingten Schuldannahme schuldverzerrend sein kann und wie einer solchen entgegengewirkt werden kann. Hierzu lasen Studierende einer Polizeihochschule (N = 73) eine Fallvignette zu einem Einbruchsdelikt und sollten, a) Fragen zur Vorbereitung der Beschuldigtenvernehmung selbst formulieren und b) geeignete Fragen aus einem Fragenkatalog auswählen. Die Instruktion für die Teilnehmenden wurde dabei variiert: Sie sollten die Beschuldigtenvernehmung entweder ohne nähere Instruktion vorbereiten (offen-instruierte Bedingung) oder wurden explizit aufgefordert herauszufinden, ob der zu Vernehmende schuldig (schuldig-instruierte Bedingung) bzw. ob er unschuldig ist (unschuldig-instruierte Bedingung). Die aus dem Fragenkatalog ausgewählten Fragen waren in der unschuldig-instruierten Bedingung eher unschuldsverzerrt, während in den anderen beiden Instruktionsbedingungen ergebnisoffene Fragen präferiert wurden. Die drei Instruktionsbedingungen unterschieden sich jedoch nicht signifikant voneinander. Sollten die Teilnehmer selbst Fragen formulieren, fand sich in allen drei Bedingungen eine Tendenz in Richtung schuldverzerrter Fragen; zwischen den drei Instruktionsbedingungen traten wiederum keine signifikanten Unterschiede auf. Die bloße Instruktion, die Unschuld des Beschuldigten zu prüfen, schwächte die schuldverzerrende Tendenz bei der eigenständigen Fragenformulierung also nicht bedeutsam ab.
Synthesis and crystal structure of 4-(2,4-dinitrophenoxy)benzaldehyde, C13H8N2O6
Authors: Hao Chen-Hong , Meng Jiao , Tian Jing , Luo Xiao-Fang , Wang Zong-Cheng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
C13H8N2O6, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\bar{1}$

(no. 2), a = 6.9561(5) Å, b = 7.3040(5) Å, c = 13.2883(8) Å, α = 100.988(3)°, β = 95.557(3)°, γ = 107.424(3)°, V = 623.76(7) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0376, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1008, T = 150(2) K.
Efficacy of procalcitonin and pentraxin-3 as early biomarkers for differential diagnosis of pleural effusions
Authors: Sharma Anita , Agrawal Apurva , Sindhwani Girish , Sharma Ashish , Tomo Sojit , Charan Jaykaran , Yadav Dharmveer , Sharma Praveen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesPleural effusion, defined as an abnormal accumulation of fluid in pleural space, can be of two types: transudative and exudative. The primary aim of the study was to assess the predictive accuracy of procalcitonin (PCT) and pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) in comparison to other biochemical markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusions.MethodsA cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on patients with pleural effusion. Multiple comparisons and receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) analyses were made to evaluate the diagnostic significance of biochemical markers.ResultsSixty-six patients with exudative pleural effusion classified as malignant, tuberculous, and parapneumonic effusions (malignant pleural effusion [MPE], tuberculous [TPE], and parapneumonic [PPE]) were included. Significant differences in pleural fluid levels in both PCT (p-value: 0.001) and PTX-3(p-value: 0.001), as well as serum levels of PCT (p-value: 0.001), were observed between the three groups. ROC analysis showed both PTX-3 and PCT having favorable discrimination ability with high sensitivity (≥90%) and specificity to predict PPE from TPE and MPE.ConclusionsEvaluation of serum and pleural fluid PCT and levels of PTX-3 in the pleural fluid may be used as an early biomarker to differentiate the etiology of pleural effusion.
3D tumor model – a platform for anticancer drug development
Authors: Kaźmierski Łukasz , Maj Małgorzata 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
While still attractive, the currently available 2D cell culture models present several limitations and if possible should be supplemented with their 3D counterparts, that is with spheroids/organoids or bio-printed structures. Those alternatives can sometimes show widely different results compared to the simpler 2D cell culture, especially during cytotoxicity testing that is often used during cancer drug development and in the rising field of personalized medicine. Although some of the methods like spheroid formation and basic alginate based bio-prints were already available for years, they still require huge amounts of optimization and troubleshooting to be used effectively. Proficient use of dedicated tools and software can help to overcome some of the difficulties associated with those seemingly well described models. In this article we compare the most popular and currently available methods of acquiring 3D bio-models while describing their limitations and shortcomings as well as technical hurdles that one has to overcome to succeed in the use of this complex model.
Structural performance of textile reinforced concrete sandwich panels under axial and transverse load
Authors: Hong Junqing , Zhang Shaofeng , Fang Hai , Xu Xunqian , Xie Honglei , Wang Yuntian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe performance of textile reinforced concrete composite panels (TRCCPs) under the action of pseudo-static load up to collapse was evaluated. The test of TRCCPs under axial and transverse loading was conducted, and the results were compared with those for steel wire mesh reinforced-concrete composite panels (SMRCCPs). Ceram-site concrete was utilized as the panel matrix owing to its lightweight and insulation characteristics. The ultimate load bearing capacity, load-deformation and load-strain relationships, and failure modes were discussed and investigated in comparison with the findings of non-linear finite-element-model (FEM) analysis and the analytic method on the basis of the reinforced concrete (RC) theory. The analysis results indicate that TRCCP is suitable for use as a potential structural member for a wall or slab system of buildings, and the typical RC theory can be applied to predict the ultimate load bearing capacity if modified suitably.
Development of an innovative composite sandwich matting with GFRP facesheets and wood core
Authors: Xie Honglei , Fang Hai , Cai Wei , Wan Li , Huo Ruili , Hui David 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the concept, design, fabrication, application and experimental validation of a new type of composite sandwich matting. The composite sandwich matting comprises a paulownia woods as core material and glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) as face-skins and lattice-webs. The matting was fabricated by vacuum infusion moulding process (VIMP). The mechanical properties of the component materials were studied. Four-point bending tests were also performed to investigate the flexural properties of the paulownia wood core sandwich panels. The experimental results showed that the failure mode of the structures was upper facesheet compressive yielding. The structures have good integrity against transverse load, there was a large plateau region after the initial failure and can prevent the structures from catastrophic failure. The finite element (FE) analysis showed a good agreement with the experimental results in predicting the load-displacement curve. The developed composite sandwich matting has been successfully used in military engineering, emergency rescue and large infrastructure construction owing to its excellent mechanical properties.
Research progress on mechanical properties of geopolymer recycled aggregate concrete
Authors: Xu Zhong , Huang Zhenpu , Liu Changjiang , Deng Xiaowei , Hui David , Deng Shujin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In the global construction industry, with the growth of population, two important construction problems have to be faced, namely, the excessive consumption of non-renewable resources and the massive accumulation of construction waste. In order to solve these problems, geopolymer recycled aggregate concrete (GRAC) arises at the historic moment. On the one hand, using geopolymers produced by industrial wastes to completely or partially replace cement can reduce cement consumption, thus reducing CO2 emissions. On the other hand, recycled concrete made of recycled aggregate can consume accumulated construction waste and save non-renewable materials and land resources. The combination of the two materials can protect the environment to the greatest extent and save resources. This article reviews the current research on the mechanical properties of GRAC, makes a systematic analysis of GRAC materials, reaction mechanisms, and evaluation indicators, and also discusses the application prospects of GRAC, and strives to make contributions to the field and industry.
Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants as a risk factor of offspring metabolic syndrome development during childhood
Authors: González Marlene Cervantes 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are exogenous, artificially made chemicals that can disrupt the biological system of individuals and animals. POPs encompass a variety of chemicals including, dioxins, organochlorines (OCs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) that contain a long half-life and highly resistant to biodegradation. These environmental pollutants accumulate over time in adipose tissues of living organisms and alter various insulin function-related genes. Childhood Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) consists of multiple cardiovascular risk factors, insulin function being one of them. Over the years, the incidence of the syndrome has increased dramatically. It is imperative to explore the role of persistent organic pollutants in the development of Childhood Metabolic Syndrome. Some epidemiological studies have reported an association between prenatal exposure to POPs and offspring MetS development throughout childhood. These findings have been replicated in animal studies in which these pollutants exercise negative health outcomes such as obesity and increased waist circumference. This review discusses the role of prenatal exposure to POPs among offspring who develop MetS in childhood, the latest research on the MetS concept, epidemiological and experimental findings on MetS, and the POPs modes of action. This literature review identified consistent research results on this topic. Even though the studies in this review had many strengths, one major weakness was the usage of different combinations of MetS criteria to measure the outcomes. These findings elucidate the urgent need to solidify the pediatric MetS definition. An accurate definition will permit scientists to measure the MetS as a health outcome properly and allow clinicians to diagnose pediatric MetS and provide individualized treatment appropriately.
Dynamic water fill level measurement using a phantom-dependent adaptive electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) method
Authors: Kandlbinder-Paret Christoph , Fischerauer Alice , Fischerauer Gerhard 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In electrical capacitance tomography (ECT), the resolution of the reconstructed permittivity distribution improves with the number of electrodes used whereas the number of capacitance measurements and the measurement time increases with the number of electrodes. To cope with this tradeoff, we present a phantom-dependent adaptation scheme in which coarse measurements are performed with terminal electrodes interconnected to form a synthetic electrode ring with fewer but larger electrodes. The concept was tested by observing the sloshing of water inside a pipe. We compare the reconstructed results based on eight synthetic electrodes, on 16 elementary electrodes, and on the adaptation scheme involving both the eight synthetic electrodes and some of the elementary capacitances. The reconstruction used the projected Landweber algorithm for capacitances determined by a finite-element simulation and for measured capacitances. The results contain artefacts attributed to the influence of the high permittivity of water compared to the low permittivity of the pipe wall. The adaptation scheme leads to nearly the same information as a full measurement of all 120 elementary capacitances but only requires the measurement of 30 % fewer capacitances. By detecting the fill level using a tomometric method, it can be determined within an uncertainty of 5 % FS.