bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remote Detection of Red-Edge Spectral Characteristics in Floating Aquatic Vegetation
Authors: Murakami Aoi , Komatsu Yu , Takizawa Kenji 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe vegetation red-edge of terrestrial plants is a key biosignature for detecting Earth-like habitable exoplanets. Although water is essential for plants, an excess of water can limit the distribution of terrestrial vegetation. On planets with extensive water coverage and limited land, floating vegetation on the water’s surface could serve as a crucial indicator of life. This study examined the spectral reflectance of floating plants across various scales, from individual leaves to lake-wide vegetation coverage. Our comparisons between individual leaves revealed that the red-edge of floating plants was equivalent to or even more pronounced than that of terrestrial plants. Although water can reduce plant reflectance, the naturally low reflectance of water enhances the detection sensitivity for floating vegetation. Seasonal changes, such as the proliferation of floating plants in summer and their decline in winter, lead to significant variations in lake reflectance. By analyzing satellite images of lakes and marshes over a five-year period, we confirmed that these seasonal variations in reflectance reliably indicate the presence of floating vegetation. The seasonal signal showed robustness to the effects of clouds, which pose another challenge on water-rich planets. We propose that floating vegetation be considered alongside, or even in place of, terrestrial vegetation in the search for extraterrestrial life.
Molecular requirements of chromogranin B for the long-sought anion shunter of regulated secretion
Authors: Yadav Gaya P. , Annamalai Mani , Hagan D. Walker , Cui Lina , Mathews Clayton , Jiang Qiu-Xing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAll eukaryotes utilize regulated secretion to release molecular signals packaged in secretory granules for local and remote signaling. An anion shunt conductance was first suggested in secretory granules of bovine chromaffin cells nearly five decades ago. Biochemical identity of this conductance remains undefined. CLC-3, an intracellular Cl-/H+exchanger, was proposed as a candidate sixteen years ago, which, however, was contested experimentally. Here, we show that chromogranin B (CHGB) makes the kernel of the long-sought anion shunter in cultured and primary neuroendocrine cells and its channel functions are essential to proper granule maturation. Intragranular pH measurements and cargo maturation assays revealed that normal granular acidification, proinsulin-insulin conversion, and dopamine-loading in neuroendocrine cells all rely on functional CHGB+ channels. Primary β-cells fromChgb-/-mice exhibited persistent granule deacidification, which suffices to uplift plasma proinsulin level, diminish glucose-induced 2nd-phase insulin secretion and dwindle monoamine content in chromaffin granules from the knockout mice. Data from targeted genetic manipulations, dominant negativity of a deletion mutant lacking channel-forming parts and tests of CLC-3/5 and ANO-1/2 all exclude CHGB-lesschannels from anion shunting in secretory granules. The highly conserved CHGB+ channels thus function in regulated secretory pathways in neuronal, endocrine, exocrine and stem cells of probably all vertebrates.HIGHLIGHTSLoss of CHGB channel functions impairs secretory granule acidification in neuroendocrine cells, which necessitates anion shunt conduction.CHGBΔMIF, a mutant unable to form a functional Cl-channel, exerts negative dominance on endogenous CHGB and results in granule deacidification in cultured cells.Neither CLC-3 & -5 nor ANO-1 & -2 participate in the CHGB-mediated granule acidification. Clcn3 knockout effects on regulated secretion can be attributed to its functions in endosomal and endolysosomal compartments.PrimaryChgb-/-β-cells exhibit persistent granule deacidification, presenting a unifying mechanism for disparate mouse phenotypes: hyperproinsulinemia, near abrogation of 2ndphase insulin release after glucose challenge and diminution of monoamine contents in chromaffin granules.
A reference metagenome sequence of the lichenCladonia rangiformis
Authors: Heuberger Matthias , Wehrkamp Carlotta Marie , Pfammatter Alina , Poretti Manuel , Graf Johannes Peter , Herger Aline , Isaksson Jonatan , Schlagenhauf Edith , Honegger Rosmarie , Wicker Thomas , Sotiropoulos Alexandros G. 
Published: December 2024

Summary● Lichens are an ancient symbiosis comprising the thalli of lichen-forming fungi, their photoautotrophic partners and their microbiome. So far, they were poorly studied at the genome sequence level. Here, we present a reference metagenome for the holobiont ofCladonia rangiformis.● Using long read sequences from an entire symbiotic complex, plus short read libraries from 28 additional diverse European lichen samples, we were able to separate genome sequences of 20 individual species.● We constructed chromosome-scale assemblies of theC. rangiformisfungus and its trebouxioid green algal photobiontAsterochloris mediterranea. The genome of the fungus comprises ∼22% transposable elements and is highly compartmentalized into genic regions and large TE-derived segments which show extensive signatures of repeat-induced point mutations (RIP). We found thatA. mediterraneacentromeres are predominantly derived from two interacting retrotransposon families. We also identified strong candidates for genes that were horizontally transferred from bacteria to both alga and fungus. Furthermore, we isolated 18 near-complete bacterial genomes, of which 13 are enriched in the lichen compared to surrounding soil.● Our study revealed that the thalli ofC. rangiformishave a highly complex microbiome, comprising a mix of species that may include opportunists, ecologically obligate symbionts and possibly even lichen-beneficial bacteria.
sc-SPLASH provides ultra-efficient reference-free discovery in barcoded single-cell sequencing
Authors: Dehghannasiri Roozbeh , Kokot Marek , Starr Alexander L. , Maziarz Jamie , Gordon Tal , Tan Serena Y. , Wang Peter L. , Voskoboynik Ayelet , Musser Jacob M. , Deorowicz Sebastian , Salzman Julia 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTypical high-throughput single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyses are primarily conducted by (pseudo)alignment, through the lens of annotated gene models, and aimed at detecting differential gene expression. This misses diversity generated by other mechanisms that diversify the transcriptome such as splicing and V(D)J recombination, and is blind to sequences missing from imperfect reference genomes. Here, we present sc-SPLASH, a highly efficient pipeline that extends our SPLASH framework for statistics-first, reference-free discovery to barcoded scRNA-seq (10x Chromium) and spatial transcriptomics (10x Visium); we also provide its optimized module for preprocessing andk-mer counting in barcoded data, BKC, as a standalone tool. sc-SPLASH rediscovers known biology including V(D)J recombination and cell-type-specific alternative splicing in human and trans-splicing in tunicate (Ciona) and when applied to spatial datasets, detects sequence variation including tumor-specific somatic mutation. In sponge (Spongilla) and tunicate (Ciona), we uncover secreted repeat proteins expressed in immune-type cells and regulated during development; the sponge genes were absent from the reference assembly. sc-SPLASH provides a powerful alternative tool for exploring transcriptomes that is applicable to the breadth of life’s diversity.
Plasma characterization and modulation techniques for 1.3 GHz, 9-cell superconducting rf cavity cleaning
Authors: Zhu Tongtong , Bao Xinghai , He Yuan , Xue Zongheng , Qiu Yubo , Li Chunlong , Xue Wentian , Jiang Tiancai , Chu Qingwei , Guo Hao , Huang Shichun , Yang Ziqin , Yue Weiming , Chen Jinfang , Xu Mengxin , Zhang Shenghu , Zhang Kun , Zhao Hongwei , Tan Teng , Wu Andong 
Published: December 2024

Plasma cleaning is extensively employed in superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) accelerators to mitigate field emissions induced by hydrocarbon contaminants. This study explores the plasma physical characteristics and modulation techniques in a commonly utilized 1.3 GHz 9-cell tesla-shaped SRF cavity through the integration of optical emission spectroscopy and a plasma fluid model. Investigations of argon and neon plasma demonstrate that argon generates a higher electron density due to its lower ionization energy, while neon plasma exhibits higher electron temperature and potential that promotes the decomposition of oxygen and the rate of surface chemical reactions. Furthermore, the research reveals that the electron density, temperature, and electric potential of the neon plasma within the cavity exhibit a centrally symmetric distribution, with maximum values of 1×1015  m−3, 0.53 eV, and 24.5 V, respectively. Subsequently, the effects of power, gas pressure, and frequency on the physical properties of the plasma are systematically analyzed. Among these, the 640 nm spectral line was selected as a qualitative indicator of glow intensity and plasma state changes within the cavity due to its strongest peak intensity. Findings indicate that increasing power and gas pressure enhance electron density and 640 nm spectral line intensity while reducing electron temperature. Additionally, comparative analysis of plasma properties in cells 1-9 reveals that most cells exhibit higher electron temperature and electron density at frequency II. (Frequency I serves as the transfer mode for plasma transfer, while frequency II acts as the stable mode for plasma stabilization.) Consequently, plasma cleaning of the 1.3 GHz 9-cell cavity using neon gas at this frequency is anticipated to yield superior cleaning outcomes. These findings enhance our understanding and control of plasma behavior within the SRF cavity and provide valuable insights for optimizing plasma cleaning processes.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Saturation and Recurrence of Quantum Complexity in Random Local Quantum Dynamics
Authors: Oszmaniec Michał , Kotowski Marcin , Horodecki Michał , Hunter-Jones Nicholas 
Published: December 2024

Quantum complexity is a measure of the minimal number of elementary operations required to approximately prepare a given state or unitary channel. Recently, this concept has found applications beyond quantum computing—in studying the dynamics of quantum many-body systems and the long-time properties of anti–de Sitter black holes. In this context, Brown and Susskind [] conjectured that the complexity of a chaotic quantum system grows linearly in time up to times exponential in the system size, saturating at a maximal value, and remaining maximally complex until undergoing recurrences at doubly exponential times. In this work, we prove the saturation and recurrence of complexity in two models of chaotic time evolutions based on (i) random local quantum circuits and (ii) stochastic local Hamiltonian evolution. Our results advance an understanding of the long-time behavior of chaotic quantum systems and could shed light on the physics of black-hole interiors. From a technical perspective, our results are based on establishing new quantitative connections between the Haar measure and high-degree approximate designs, as well as the fact that random quantum circuits of sufficiently high depth converge to approximate designs.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Towards a new rural and urban intersection, “R-Urban”: the Beykoz district case in Istanbul
Authors: Turgut Hulya , Keskin Ozge , Girgin Dilara 
Published: December 2024

PurposeUrbanization is among current global challenges along with climate change, population growth and depletion of natural resources. Rural areas have been transformed due to urbanization pressures, which leads to a change in the relationship between rural and urban spaces, blurring the boundaries between rural and urban areas. Due to the lack of a clear distinction, a new form of rural–urban relationship has emerged. The convergence and even disappearance of borders has paved the way for a rural–urban dichotomy and re-questioning the relationship between cities and nature. In the case of Istanbul, this transformation, especially since 1980, has been reshaping rural–urban relations. Thus, the present article aimed to rethink this new pattern described as “R-Urban”, a hybrid intersection as a field of experience.Design/methodology/approachR-Urban creates an ambiguous and dynamic hybrid space where urban and rural operate within flexible and layered spatial boundaries. In the article, initially, a conceptual framework is presented based on the analysis of existing conceptual framework of rural–urban relationships, with transactional and dialectical perspectives. Secondly, fieldwork was investigated with representational tools such as mapping, photography and collages to determine the current status based on quantitative and qualitative data. Then, the rural–urban situation of Istanbul was conceptualized, with a focus on Beykoz neighborhood, a peripheral development with blurred rural and urban borders.FindingsBeykoz, as an R-Urban space, has a significant potential regenerating the relations between nature, humans and space and production to practices to ensure ecological resilience. The article demonstrated that the coexistence of different lifestyles paved the way for cultural diversity and the development of social relations. This diversity allowed innovative and sustainable practices while increasing social cooperation and solidarity in the region.Practical implicationsTo improve urban resilience, especially in Istanbul against future poly-crises, effective use of resources, healthy social environment, production-consumption network and symbiotic rural-urban relationships could be developed.Social implicationsStrengthening the socio-cultural, economic and ecological systems could lead to dynamic interactions that would reduce vulnerabilities in rural–urban intersections that would regenerate and renew the city and reconsider adaptation capabilities.Originality/valueThe present article rethinks this new pattern described as “R-Urban”, a hybrid intersection as a field of experience, highlighting the potential of these rural–urban intersections for future urban resilience and adaptation capabilities.
Harm reduction design: doing health and safety differently
Authors: Campbell Nancy D. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to document a novel course titled Harm Reduction Design Studio. The course introduced the harm reduction problem space to design students for designing objects, social worlds, infrastructures and ecologies that shape human and nonhuman social interactions within them.

Design/methodology/approach
Extending tenets drawn from social movements for harm reduction from the focus on drugs and habits begins the reparative work of undoing past harms, living well in the present and reducing future harms. This course introduces history, theory and practice of harm reduction in relation to health, well-being, social connection and safety.

Findings
The course was piloted from August to December 2024 in the Department of Science and Technology Studies at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York, USA.

Social implications
Society-wide implications for mainstreaming harm reduction are far-reaching. For instance, the U.S. National Science Foundation has recently called for ways to “incorporate ethical, social, safety, and security considerations” into research design to mitigate potential harms of scientific research and amplify societal benefits. This course prepares students to think upfront about incorporating harm reduction into the design of technological artifacts.

Originality/value
This course presents a replicable model for bringing harm reduction and design pedagogy together in the shared spirit of encouraging the readership of Drugs, Habits and Social Policy to widen participation in design practice.
Understanding what, how and when green logistics practices influence carbon-neutral supply chain performance
Authors: Tetteh Francis Kamewor , Mensah John , Owusu Kwateng Kwame 
Published: December 2024

PurposeIntegrating green (sustainable) practices in logistics management play a crucial role in accelerating the transition to a circular economy, realizing its sustainability potential and position in the net zero emission target by 2050. Over the past decade, this integration has attracted significant attention in both academic and industrial discourse. Despite the increasing recognition of the benefits of green logistics practices (GLPs), only a few firms have implemented green-oriented or sustainable logistics practices; hence, a comprehensive understanding of what could drive its implementation as well as how and when firms can benefit from GLPs is of key importance for theory, policy and practice. Drawing on dual theoretical lenses, this study investigated how supply chain ethical leadership (SCEL) could stimulate green logistics practices by building green core competencies (GCC) under varying conditions of corporate green culture (CGC).Design/methodology/approachAn integrated model motivated by social learning and contingency theories was tested using responses from 208 managers of logistics firms in Ghana. SPSS 23 and covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) were used for data analyses.FindingsBoth SCEL and GCC significantly influenced GLPs. The findings also showed that GLPs significantly enhanced carbon-neutral supply chain performance (CNSCP). The results further showed that GCC mediates the SCEL–GLPs link. We also found that the effect of SCEL on GLPs was amplified at a high level of CGC.Practical implicationsThis study offers fresh insight into how managers can leverage SCEL to support GLP and when they can also combine green competence and green culture to achieve enhanced benefits in the form of carbon-neutral SCP. This further implies that building ethical leadership and competencies alone may not be sufficient to drive superior emission reduction and subsequent sustainability; rather, cultivating a green-oriented culture that values sustainable logistics is crucial to fully realize the potential of ethical leadership and competencies in enabling the implementation of GLPs and subsequently enhancing carbon-neutral SCP.Originality/valueThe novelty of the present study lies in the integration of social learning and contingency theories to unearth the mechanism and conditional roles of green competence and green culture in optimizing the SCEL–GLPs–GLP relationship. The study is also among the few attempts to shed light on how firms can leverage GLPs to enhance carbon-neutral supply chain performance, which is rare.
Conv-DMSA: an efficient imputation model for multivariate time series through diagonal mask self-attention
Authors: Zhang Hao , Ding Weilong , Yu Qi , Liu Zijian 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The proposed model aims to tackle the data quality issues in multivariate time series caused by missing values. It preserves data set integrity by accurately imputing missing data, ensuring reliable analysis outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach
The Conv-DMSA model employs a combination of self-attention mechanisms and convolutional networks to handle the complexities of multivariate time series data. The convolutional network is adept at learning features across uneven time intervals through an imputation feature map, while the Diagonal Mask Self-Attention (DMSA) block is specifically designed to capture time dependencies and feature correlations. This dual approach allows the model to effectively address the temporal imbalance, feature correlation and time dependency challenges that are often overlooked in traditional imputation models.

Findings
Extensive experiments conducted on two public data sets and a real project data set have demonstrated the adaptability and effectiveness of the Conv-DMSA model for imputing missing data. The model outperforms baseline methods by significantly reducing the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) metric, showcasing its superior performance. Specifically, Conv-DMSA has been found to reduce RMSE by 37.2% to 63.87% compared to other models, indicating its enhanced accuracy and efficiency in handling missing data in multivariate time series.

Originality/value
The Conv-DMSA model introduces a unique combination of convolutional networks and self-attention mechanisms to the field of missing data imputation. Its innovative use of a diagonal mask within the self-attention block allows for a more nuanced understanding of the data’s temporal and relational aspects. This novel approach not only addresses the existing shortcomings of conventional imputation methods but also sets a new standard for handling missing data in complex, multivariate time series data sets. The model’s superior performance and its capacity to adapt to varying levels of missing data make it a significant contribution to the field.
Leveraging the experiencescape for destination attractiveness: empirical insights from casino resorts
Authors: Ji Chunli , Liu Shuang , Ho Hong-Wai , Sthapit Erose , Garrod Brian 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThe experiencescape is a relatively new concept, and research using it remains scarce. This study contributes to the understanding of the experiencescape and its role in tourism consumption by constructing a novel conceptual model of the experiencescape elements of a casino resort visit and their effects on its attractiveness.Design/methodology/approachPartial least squares structural equation modelling was employed, using data collected from 491 casino resort visitors in Macao, to establish a link between the experiencescape and visitors’ perceived overall attractiveness of the casino resort through the mediating effect of arousal.FindingsThe findings establish the relationship between experiencescapes and the perceived overall attractiveness of integrated casino resorts through the mediating effect of arousal.Practical implicationsCasino resort executives are advised to orchestrate various experience elements from the perspective of the experiencescape to trigger positive tourism experiences. Specifically, all factors related to tangible, gaming and non-gaming and social experiential stimuli need to be continually reviewed, improved and innovated.Originality/valueThis study presents novel insights into the role of emotions in an integrated casino resort context. It identifies a set of strategies through which managers can increase the attractiveness of their resorts by stimulating customers’ emotions.