bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Soil Moisture–Precipitation Feedback Based on Temporal Information Partitioning Networks
Authors: Lou Wei , Liu Pan , Cheng Lei , Li Zejun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe underlying mechanisms by which soil moisture might affect precipitation are essential for weather prediction and climate change projection. Process‐based models that are capable of providing physical explanation are often tripped in concerns about model uncertainty in structure, data, and parameters, etc. The information theory has provided a new paradigm to explain the feedback system. This study focused on to identify the soil moisture–precipitation feedback based on direct long‐term observations using an information‐based method, Temporal Information Partitioning Networks (TIPNets). Normalized transfer entropy was proposed to describe feedback strength. In comparison with Granger causality and correlation, the TIPNets method was independent of parameterizations and spatiotemporal resolution effects, also elucidate information‐theoretic insights. The results in the case study of Illinois, indicated that soil moisture–precipitation feedback existed and was significant during May to mid‐July. The bidirectional dominant lags of 3–10 and 6–17 days were both shorter in summer. Areas with strong feedback were located in south‐central Illinois. Besides, the wooded grassland coverage was the most related land use type to feedback strength, which could be one kind of the positive feedback mechanism in Illinois.
Differential validation of nursing diagnoses: An integrative literature review on the use of the method
Authors: Miguel Susana S. A. , Caldeira Sílvia , Morais Sheila Coelho Ramalho Vasconcelos , Lopes Camila Takao , Lopes Marcos Venicios , de Carvalho Emília Campos 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeThis review aimed to analyze the use of differential validation of nursing diagnosis.MethodsIntegrative literature review with search on international databases. The diagnoses, the type of the diagnosis differential validation, the sample, the method, main results, and the limitations were extracted. Ten studies were included.FindingsDifferential diagnostic validation publication dates from 1994, and Brazil was the predominant country.ConclusionsThis method seems helpful in improving diagnosis accuracy, particularly those related to subjective, behavioral, or complex human responses.Implications for nursing practiceUsing this model may facilitate understanding the specificity of nursing diagnosis, which is critical for teaching clinical reasoning and for new opportunities to research.
Have we lost sight of the women? An observational study about normality‐centred care in Australian maternity services
Authors: Ananthram Harsha , Vangaveti Venkat , Rane Ajay 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrioritising normal birth has led to harm in some instances in the United Kingdom. While Australian organisations also promote normal birth, its negative impact is less well understood here.AimsThis study explores the problems that may arise from the promotion of normal birth and the quality of clinical incident investigations.Materials and MethodsThis study uses a survey‐based research design and has received 1278 responses. The main outcome measures include perceptions on bias against interventions, delays in interventions, systemic attempts to reduce caesarean rates, and clinical incident investigations.ResultsThe perception among both obstetric and midwifery cohorts is that the promotion of normal birth may sometimes or frequently lead to bias against intervention for women (93.8% vs 63.2%), bias against intervention for clinicians (81.1% vs 53.1%), delays in interventions (86.8% vs 37.4%), maternal request caesarean sections being discouraged (81.2% vs 66.9%), an increased emphasis on vaginal birth after caesarean (88.1% vs 69.3%), and a culture of vaginal births ‘at all costs’ leading to poor outcomes for mothers and babies (79.5% vs 24.7%). Respondents believe clinical incident investigations to be ‘frequently’ independent (48% vs 48.2%) but engagement of women in these processes is often missing or ‘rarely’ seen (46.6% vs 51.7%).ConclusionsThis study finds that Australian maternity healthcare providers believe institutional encouragement of normal birth has created work practices in maternity care that compromise patient safety and reduce the agency of the woman in the choices she makes. Current regulatory standards must change to reflect core ethical and legal obligations around informed consent.
Species‐specific responses to warming alter community composition
Authors: Tituskin Julia R. , Waddell Shane M. , Mabry Karen E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Species are responding to global climate change in varied and nuanced ways. However, how species‐specific responses to climate change= affect interactions among species remains poorly understood. It is important to understand species interactions under potential climate change scenarios because those interactions can in turn alter community dynamics.
In this study, we conducted two complementary experiments to examine how simulated warming might alter larval intraguild predation (IGP) rates and resulting adult assemblage composition in three species of North American dragonflies: Pachydiplax longipennis, Plathemis lydia and Libellula luctuosa.
First, using both P. longipennis and L. luctuosa, we isolated interspecific and intraspecific pairs of larval dragonflies of different size differentials to determine how the size and species identity might influence IGP rates.
In tandem, we conducted a year‐long mesocosm experiment with all three species to assess how simulated warming and heat waves influenced the resulting adult dragonfly assemblages.
IGP trials revealed that P. longipennis individuals were much more likely to engage in IGP than L. luctuosa, regardless of size differential. In the mesocosm experiment, emerging adult assemblages were dominated by P. longipennis individuals, a pattern that was most pronounced in the control treatment.
Our results indicate that while P. longipennis may be the competitively dominant species under current ambient conditions, warming may alter this dynamic and lessen the dominance of this species on the resulting assemblage composition.
Early‐life exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: Long‐term effects on pain and affective comorbidities
Authors: Baudat Mathilde , de Kort Anne R. , van den Hove Daniel L. A. , Joosten Elbert A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA growing body of evidence indicates that early‐life exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor has long‐term consequences on the offspring's pain in addition to affective disorders like anxiety disorder and major depression. Serotonin, besides its role in regulating pain and emotions, promotes neuronal network formation. The prefrontal cortex and the amygdala are two key brain regions involved in the modulation of pain and its affective comorbidities. Thus, the aim of this review is to understand how early‐life selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor exposure alters the developing prefrontal cortex and amygdala and thereby underlies the long‐term changes in pain and its affective comorbidities in later life. While there is still limited data on the effects of early‐life selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor exposure on pain, there is a substantial body of evidence on its affective comorbidities. From this perspective paper, four conclusions emerged. First, early‐life selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor exposure results in long‐term nociceptive effects, which needs to be consistently studied to clarify. Second, it results in enhanced depressive‐like behaviour and diminished exploratory behaviour in adult rodents. Third, early‐life selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor exposure alters serotonergic levels, transcription factors expression, and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor levels, resulting in hyperconnectivity within the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex. Finally, it affects antinociceptive inputs of the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala in the spinal cord. We conclude that early‐life selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor exposure affects the maturation of prefrontal cortex and amygdala circuits and thereby enhances their antinociceptive inputs in the spinal cord.
Effective connectivity in the default mode network after paediatric traumatic brain injury
Authors: Vaughn Kelly A. , DeMaster Dana , Kook Jeong Hwan , Vannucci Marina , Ewing‐Cobbs Linda 
Published: November 2021

AbstractChildren who experience a traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at elevated risk for a range of negative cognitive and neuropsychological outcomes. Identifying which children are at greatest risk for negative outcomes can be difficult due to the heterogeneity of TBI. To address this barrier, the current study applied a novel method of characterizing brain connectivity networks, Bayesian multi‐subject vector autoregressive modelling (BVAR‐connect), which used white matter integrity as priors to evaluate effective connectivity—the time‐dependent relationship in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activity between two brain regions—within the default mode network (DMN). In a prospective longitudinal study, children ages 8–15 years with mild to severe TBI underwent diffusion tensor imaging and resting state fMRI 7 weeks after injury; post‐concussion and anxiety symptoms were assessed 7 months after injury. The goals of this study were to (1) characterize differences in positive effective connectivity of resting‐state DMN circuitry between healthy controls and children with TBI, (2) determine if severity of TBI was associated with differences in DMN connectivity and (3) evaluate whether patterns of DMN effective connectivity predicted persistent post‐concussion symptoms and anxiety. Healthy controls had unique positive connectivity that mostly emerged from the inferior temporal lobes. In contrast, children with TBI had unique effective connectivity among orbitofrontal and parietal regions. These positive orbitofrontal‐parietal DMN effective connectivity patterns also differed by TBI severity and were associated with persisting behavioural outcomes. Effective connectivity may be a sensitive neuroimaging marker of TBI severity as well as a predictor of chronic post‐concussion symptoms and anxiety.
Examination of the body composition of patients with Werner syndrome using bioelectrical impedance analysis
Authors: Tanaka Fumihiko , Kuzuya Masafumi 
Published: November 2021

AimThis study performed anthropometric measurements for Werner syndrome (WS) using bioelectrical impedance analysis and compared them with the Japanese reference data.MethodsThe analytical sample included nine participants with WS (four men, five women, 49.6 ± 9.3 years, SD). The height‐corrected appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), upper‐ and lower‐limb muscle mass index (USMI/LSMI) of the patients with WS were compared with the Japanese reference data (40–79 years). The body mass index, SMI, height‐corrected fat mass index (FMI) and fat‐free mass index (FFMI) were compared with the reference data of Japanese older adults (65–94 years). The SMIs of WS were also compared with the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia.ResultsThe SMI and USMI/LSMI of all participants with WS were lower than the Japanese reference data corresponding to gender and age, and the rate of decrease was more pronounced for USMI than for LSMI. The body mass index, SMI and FFMI for all the WS cases were lower than those for the older Japanese, while the FMI was higher in men with WS but lower in women than the reference data of the older Japanese. The SMI was below the cut‐off value for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in all patients with WS.ConclusionThe SMI for WS is comparable with that for sarcopenia and significantly lower than that for healthy individuals of the same age and older adults. The USMI was significantly lower than LSMI in patients with WS, and FMI was higher in male patients with WS and lower in women than in healthy older people. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 75–80.
Timing and durability of response to erenumab in patients with episodic migraine
Authors: McAllister Peter J. , Turner Ira , Reuter Uwe , Wang Andrea , Scanlon James , Klatt Jan , Chou Denise E. , Paiva da Silva Lima Gabriel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe sought to evaluate temporal response patterns to erenumab treatment in patients with episodic migraine.BackgroundAlthough many patients treated with erenumab experience onset of efficacy as early as 1 week, clinical benefits of migraine preventive therapies may accrue with continued treatment. Furthermore, details about the maintenance of clinical responses have not been reported.MethodsThis was a post hoc analysis of a 6‐month, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, phase 3 study of erenumab for the prevention of episodic migraine. We analyzed temporal responses to erenumab using a threshold of ≥50% reduction from baseline in monthly migraine days (MMDs).ResultsDuring the 6‐month treatment period, 73.7% (230/312) and 79.6% (253/318) of patients in the erenumab 70 mg (n = 312) and 140 mg (n = 318) groups, respectively, achieved a response in at least 1 month. In this group of responders, at least half reached first monthly response (first month with ≥50% reduction from baseline in MMDs) by month 2 and at least 75% of them by month 3. The remainder responded in months 4–6. Of patients in the erenumab 70 and 140 mg groups, 35.3% (110/312) and 41.8% (133/318), respectively, responded over months 1–3 (mean response over first 3 months). Of these patients, 81.8% (90/110) and 81.9% (109/133) maintained this response over months 4–6 (mean response over last 3 months) in the 70 and 140 mg groups, respectively. Many patients who did not achieve an initial response (≥50% reduction from baseline in MMDs during month 1) responded later with continued treatment, with approximately one‐half or more of initial nonresponders responding by months 4–6.ConclusionsThese results support guidelines recommending at least 3 months following the initiation of erenumab for migraine prevention before the assessment of response.
COVID‐19 beliefs and vaccination uptake in dialysis patients: lessons from an anonymous patient survey
Authors: Wallace Hannah , Mount Peter F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of data on how to best optimise uptake of COVID‐19 vaccination in dialysis patients.AimTo understand attitudes and beliefs about COVID‐19 and vaccination uptake in dialysis patients.MethodsA single‐centre, cross‐sectional study involving a clinical audit and an anonymous survey of adult maintenance dialysis patients was conducted.ResultsThe vaccination uptake during the study period was 77.5% at least single dose, compared with 70% in Victoria during the same period. Participants were more likely to be vaccinated if they believed COVID‐19 was a serious problem that is worse for people on dialysis. Those unvaccinated were more likely to overestimate the risk of vaccine complications and less likely to have the annual influenza vaccine. Despite over 80% of participants agreeing that they would have the vaccine if recommended by their nephrologist, less than 40% reported receiving information from this source. A predominant reason for vaccine hesitancy was concern regarding vaccine safety. Over 60% of those who were unvaccinated were still open to the vaccine, indicating a significant opportunity to improve vaccination rates through medical consultation and direction.ConclusionsVaccine hesitancy for COVID‐19 in dialysis patients associates with less informed health beliefs, both about the disease and the risks of vaccination. Patients are more likely to get vaccinated if it is recommended by their nephrologist. Clinicians caring for dialysis patients have a key role in providing high‐quality education and advice, representing an urgent opportunity for improvement in vaccination uptake against COVID‐19.
Pedagogies for Democratic Participation in Design Studios: Towards More Inclusive Group Work among Interior Design Students
Authors: Fathallah Rim 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough teamwork is essential in design, interior design education can be competitive and individualistic. The role of design educators is to structure projects seeking to promote inclusive group dynamics and democratic participation among team members. Navigating the challenges of group work should not rest solely on the shoulders of students. Repeated group work in educational settings does not suffice, on its own, for fostering constructive team dynamics or for preparing students to successfully manage conflict, which, if it remains positive, can yield more creative design outcomes. This article, animated by critical and poststructural curriculum theories, proposes pedagogies incorporating positive interdependence and complex instruction for collaborative, inclusive group work and co‐design tasks that leverage conflict and promote constructive relations within teams. Instilling democratic values in design students is equally important for higher education as it is for the design discipline itself.
(Re)Considering Pedagogy – Entangled Ontology in a Complex Age: Abstraction Pedagogy and the Critical Pedagogical Importance of Art Education for Other Discipline Areas
Authors: Barritt Laura , Thompson Stephen , Woodward Martyn 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article argues that a UK education system is required such that it specifically recognises the particular dynamic, co‐constructive nature of complex and rapid contemporary entanglements (both human and non‐human) and how they inform the epistemic and ontological development of students. This article draws from posthumanist theory and uses the concept of ‘lifeworld’ to cast new light on the lived‐experiences of contemporary children to inform pedagogy. It is part of a doctoral research into the wider pedagogical value of the teaching and assessment of processes of abstraction deployed in art practice.
Research Skills Immersive Induction: Preparing Widening Participation First Year Students for Undergraduate Art School Study
Authors: McNeill Rickie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMuch has been written about the necessity for induction programmes that help students bridge the gap between secondary and tertiary education. Oftentimes the language around this issue focuses on perceived student deficit rather than institutional shortcomings, not least in discussion of students from Widening Participation backgrounds. The purpose of this study was to use action research to critically examine aspects of the bridging programme I helped deliver in my role within an art school Widening Participation programme, and investigate the impact it was having on students entering higher education from high school. My action research project aimed to address the disparity between student preparedness and institutional expectations and explore improvements that could be made at institutional level to smooth students' transition to art school undergraduate study. This article outlines my findings on the impact of this project, drawing on thematic analysis of qualitative and quantitative data collected through participant evaluation forms and interviews conducted with former students on the Transitions Week programme, as well as reflections gathered from my project research diary.
Experiences and aftermath of the COVID‐19 lockdown among community‐dwelling older people in Serbia: A qualitative study
Authors: Gazibara Tatjana , Maksimovic Natasa , Dotlic Jelena , Jeremic Stojkovic Vida , Cvjetkovic Smiljana , Milic Marija 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRationale and AimAt the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic in March 2020, the Serbian government instituted a 24‐h curfew for people aged ≥65 years for 2 months. The aim of this study was to examine the experiences and perceptions of curfew for older people in Serbia 15 months after the curfew had ended.MethodsIn‐depth interviews were carried out with 23 older adults from urban areas in Serbia. We identified the first three participants, while others were selected using the snowballing method. The interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed and data were analyzed according to guidelines for qualitative studies.ResultsSix topics emerged: (1) perception of the curfew announcement; (2) attitude toward the curfew; (3) organization of daily living; (4) mood; (5) frustrations/limitations and 6) making sense of the curfew 15 months after. Older people in this study overall remember not feeling disturbed by the curfew because they perceived it as prevention, especially because this population group is considered to have the highest rate of mortality from COVID‐19. Some people remember being extremely frustrated because of the restrictions and considered them unnecessary. Most people remembered that the lack of social interactions and lack of physical activity were the most difficult to cope with.ConclusionsAlthough challenging and bothersome, the majority of older people in this study accepted the curfew as an appropriate measure to avoid catching the virus and combat the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Accepting influence in military couples: Implications for couples’ communication and family satisfaction
Authors: Peterson Clairee , Lucier‐Greer Mallory 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn popular relationship resources, accepting influence is regarded as a couple‐level process vital for relational satisfaction. However, empirical research has demonstrated inconsistent evidence for these suppositions, with several studies identifying no associations between accepting influence and relationship outcomes, and, furthermore, several gaps in the literature remain with regard to our knowledge on accepting influence (e.g., little identified research on military couples or family outcomes). To address these gaps, a measure of perceptions of one's partner accepting influence was retrospectively created to examine accepting influence in Army couples (N = 244). With theoretical underpinnings from family systems theory, this study used an actor‐partner interdependence approach to investigate the associations between partners’ accepting influence and couple communication satisfaction and satisfaction with the family. Service members’ perceptions of their partners’ accepting influence were associated with their own outcomes, whereas civilian spouses’ perceptions of partners’ accepting influence were related to both partners’ outcomes. Results suggest accepting influence may be an intervention point to improve couple and family outcomes.
What is the structure of our infrastructure? A review of UK light microscopy facilities
Authors: Fletcher Georgina , Anderson Kurt I. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCore Facilities and Technology Platforms are increasingly important components of the science research landscape. However, data on facility operations and staff careers are lacking to inform their development. Here we have surveyed 114 people working in 46 light microscopy (LM) facilities within the United Kingdom. Our survey explores issues around career progression, facility operations and funding. The data show that facilities are substantial repositories of equipment and knowledge which adapt to meet the needs of their local environments. Our report highlights the challenges faced by facility managers, institutions and funders in evaluating facility performance and devising strategies to maximise the return on research funding investment.