bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do We Really Need Another Journal?
Authors: Mathiesen Tiit 
Published: June 2021

A new Journal sees dawn – but didn't we already have too many journals and too many articles published to go to oblivion rapidly? Publishers take advantage of the move towards open access. The need to attract an audience and select papers for high-quality decreases with the move towards business models where journals charge article processing fees to cover expenses and create margins. The Journal of Global Neurosurgery (JGNS) is not a business project: it is far more altruistic and intends to fill a real need. The long-term prospects will not depend on revenue but on the sustainability of the publication model, which by necessity must be low cost and non-profit – other ways, the new journal will not be able to fill the need.
"Global Neurosurgery" is becoming increasingly vogue. Individual neurosurgeons and the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies have fostered projects to develop our specialty in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), where single neurosurgeons have catered to many millions of patients. We see a worldwide quiet revolution of expanding surgical infrastructure and dissemination of knowledge in countries previously deprived. The stakeholders of this revolution have soon identified a veritable glass ceiling when it comes to publication. Submissions have frequently been seen as relevant or generalizable for the audiences of existing journals. Clinical neuroscience in LMICs is, much to the surprise of many practitioners and editors in previously established structures, different. Fundamental issues such as study population and external validity were rediscovered when population data, research findings, and practice guidelines from affluent, relatively elderly western people with access to smooth infrastructure and exquisitely equipped hospitals were applied with little meaning in LMICs with different demographics and epidemiology. Yet, many clinical studies from LMICs were adapted to previous literature's format and style, without detecting the unique qualities, "the cracks in the wall" of existing paradigms, that would bring the progress of knowledge and change. I believe that a research community with a thorough understanding of the specific qualities of infrastructure and epidemiology in LMICs is being established, and it needs dedicated platforms. A journal is one such platform that can serve to define and direct the subspecialty.
Analysis of Altman Model and Ohlson Model in Predicting Financial Distress of Manufacturing Companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Imelda Elsa , Alodia Ignacia 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to examine the accuracy of the Altman Model and the Ohlson Model in Bankruptcy Prediction.The research population is all companies who are listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The sample of the research is 40 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in the period of 2010-2014 that are divided into companies with financial distress and those without financial distress.The data analysis technique is the Multiple Discriminant Analysis and Logit Analysis. The Multiple Discriminant Analysis is derived from the Altman Model while the Logit Analysis is derived from theOhlson Model. The results show that the Ohlson Model and the Logit Analysis are more accurate than the Altman Model and the Multiple Discriminant Analysis in predicting bankruptcy of manufacturing firms in the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2010-2014. Also, the results of the study reveal that the ratio of retained earnings to total assets; earning before interest and taxes to total assets; market value of equity to total liabilities; sales to total assets; and debt ratio, return on assets, working capital to total assets and net income were negative in the last two years. Hence constitutes the benchmark for consideration in determining the financial distress of a company.
Exploration Disclosures of Internal Control as the Impact of Earnings Quality and Audit Committee
Authors: Pangaribuan Hisar , Donni Raynald Wilbert P. , Popoola Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson , Sihombing Jenny 
Published: June 2021

Information disclosure carried out by management as an appointed agent is increasing in importance and hence, a source of concerns to users. It is widely believed that information received by the stakeholders should be appropriate and sufficient for useful decision making, especially in the era of the Fourth industrial revolution. An appropriate and sufficient disclosure in the Annual report indicates a reflection of the effective implementation of the company's operational, strategic, financial and compliance objectives that have been carried out by the management. This study employed secondary data obtained from the annual report for the banks listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The data for internal control disclosure was observed through a content analysis approach by calculating the internal control system index obtained in the annual report. This study has shown that companies with high earnings quality report more openly convey the application of internal controls system disclosure. This study demonstrated that company with the high characteristics of the audit committee would significantly increase disclosure of internal controls system than a company without audit committee. Supervision, as one of the internal controls established by the management, enhances the performances of the audit committee in ensuring compliance through full disclosure of the financial statements. Thus, restoring users’ trust and confidence in making informed and useful decisions on information emanating from the management.
Hegemonic Change and the Role of the Intellectual in Atlas Shrugged A Gramscian Study
Authors: Shah Syed Haroon Ahmed 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This article focuses on the hegemonic shift portrayed by Ayn Rand in Atlas Shrugged. The book focuses on the conflict between producers and those who exploit them. The protagonist, John Galt, leads a strike of the producers, which undermines the society's looters and puts an end to the hegemonic control of the left. Neoliberalism—used here as a synonym for contemporary libertarian thought—rescues the world from the havoc wreaked by statism. This shift is studied in the light of Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony, focusing on the role of intellectuals.
Existence, We
Authors: Boydstun Stephen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The new metaphysics presented in this article is more indebted to the metaphysics of Ayn Rand than to any other. The author's system is a transfiguration of hers at the deepest level. The differences and commonalities with Rand's fundamentals are explicated and argued. Her fundamentals and the author's are set in their relations to others, ancient to modern.
A Journey to Fulfillment
Authors: Marvin Stephen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The Tao of Roark: Variations on a Theme from Ayn Rand, by Peter Saint-Andre, is a guide to personal development. He begins with the theme of youthful discovery in The Fountainhead and its protagonist, Howard Roark, progressing through forty-eight “variations,” familiar to close readers of Rand's novel: principles, virtues, and evaluations, which begin with reason and the integration of emotions. This is the intellectual and emotional journey of the author, shared, to inspire the reader.
Analisa Kadar Timbal (Pb) pada Lipstik di Wilayah Kota Surabaya yang Teregistrasi dan Tidak Teregistrasi Menggunakan Spektofotometri Serapan Atom (SSA)
Authors: Fernanda M.A. Hanny Ferry , Elidya Devi , Manaheda Novianti Ayu , Qomaryah Nurul , Umam Muhammad Khotibul , Amalia Anisa Riski , Arifiyana Djamilah 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKLipstik merupakan salah satu kosmetik yang paling banyak dan hampir setiap hari digunakan oleh wanita. Timbal adalah salah satu cemaran logam berat yang terdapat dalam lipstik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui kandungan logam berat timbal dalam lipstik yang teregistrasi dan tidak teregistrasi mengguanakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA). Preparasi sampel menggunakan destruksi basah dengan aqua regia. Sampel lipstik yang digunakan sebanyak 24 sampel lipstik yang diambil di wilayah Kota Surabaya, dimana 12 sampel memiliki nomor registrasi BPOM dan 12 sampel tidak memiliki nomor registrasi BPOM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kandungan logam berat yang melebihi persyaratan BPOM pada semua sampel lipstikdengan rata-rata kadar 108.9517 ppm untuk lipstik yang teregistrasi dan 102.7183 ppm untuk lipstik yang tidak teregistrasi. Berdasarkan uji Mann-Whitney U diketahui bahwa tidak ada beda antara kadar Pb pada lipstik yang teregistrasi dengan lipstik yang tidak teregistrasi dengan nilai α= 0,05.Kata kunci: Timbal (Pb), Lipstik, Surabaya, Registrasi, Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom. ABSTRACTLipstick is one of the most widely used cosmetics every day by women. Lead is one of the heavy metal contaminants found in lipstick. This study aims to determine the heavy metal content of lead in registered lipstickand not registered using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Sample preparation using wet destruction with aqua regia. Lipstick samples were used as many as 24 lipstick samples taken in the Surabaya area, where 12 samples had BPOM registration numbers and 12 samples did not have BPOM registration numbers. The results showed that there was a heavy metal content that exceeded BPOM requirements for all lipstick samples with an average level of 108.9517 ppm for registered lipstick and 102.7183 ppm for unregistered lipstick. Basedon the Mann-Whitney U test it is known that there is no difference between Pb levels on lipstick registered with lipstick which was not registered with a value of α = 0.05.Keywords: Lead (Pb), Lipstick, Surabaya, Registration, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry..
Polimorfisme COX-1 terhadap Agregasi Platelet pada Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner
Authors: Wahab Charliandri Saputra , Putranto J. Nugroho Eko , Rochmawati Ike Dhiah 
Published: June 2021

Polimorfisme genetik COX-1 (Cyclooxygenase 1) menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab variasi respon terhadap agregasi platelet. Variasi tersebut dapat menimbulkan Coronary Arthery Disease (CAD) pada pasien penyakit jantung koroner (PJK). Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUD Sidoarjo di Jawa Timur selama 1 bulan yaitu terhitung mulai bulan November hingga Desember 2017 dengan melibatkan 30 pasien. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) agar pemeriksaan polimorfisme COX-1 dan metode Light Transmittance Aggregometry (LTA) untuk pengukuran agregasi platelet. Dari 30 pasien yang terlibat dengan penelitian ini didapatkan jenis polimorfisme COX-1 homozygout (wild type) sebanyak 4 pasien dengan nilai bp pada kisaran rentang 233-243dan Heterozygot sebanyak 26 pasien dengan kisaran rentang 244-294. Analisis yang dilakukan agar mengetahui hubungan antara polimorfisme COX-1 terhadap agregasi platelet pada pasien PJK yaitu analisis inferensial, dimana diperoleh nilai p=0,423. Dari hasil uji analisis yang diperoleh, maka dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa tidak hubungan antara polimorfisme COX-1 terhadap agrgasi platelet.
TOTALLY REAL SURFACES IN $S^6$
Authors: DESHMUKH SHARIEF 
Published: June 2021

The normal bundle $\bar \nu$ of a totally real surface $M$ in $S^6$ splits as $\bar\nu= JTM\oplus \bar\mu$ where $TM$ is the tangent bundle of $M$ and $\bar\mu$ is sub­bundle of $\bar\nu$ which is invariant under the almost complex structure $J$. We study the totally real surfaces M of constant Gaussian curvature K for which the second fundamental form $h(x, y) \in JTM$, and we show that $K = 1$ (that is, $M$ is totally geodesic).
Ultra-Wideband MM Wave System and RF Modules
Authors: Sabban Albert 
Published: June 2021

Compact wideband RF modules are crucial in mm-wave direction finding systems, radars, seekers, and communication systems. This chapter discusses new integrated wideband mm-wave RF modules. It also discusses the design and development of a compact wideband (18–40 GHz) frontend and a wideband (18–40 GHz) switch bank filter (SBF). The frontend electrical specifications determine the system signal-to-noise ratio and the system dynamic range. This chapter presents a low-cost integrated 18–40 GHz wideband compact frontend with a 47 dBm high power limiter. The frontend consists of two channels: a high gain and low gain channel. Wideband MMIC switches are employed to select the required channel. The gain of the high gain channel is around 27 dB with ±1 dB flatness. The noise figure of the module is around 9 dB. This chapter also presents a low-cost, integrated, 18–40 GHz wideband compact SFB module. The wideband SFB consists of three wideband side-coupled microstrip filters. The SFB MIMIC switches operate in the 18 to 40 GHz frequency range and are used to select the required filter. The insertion loss of each filter section is less than 11.5 dB ±1.5 dB. The novelty of this research is the development of compact, integrated wideband mm-wave RF modules for direction finding and communication systems.
The Trends of Immunohistochemistry for Tissue-Invasive Cytomegalovirus in Gastrointestinal Mucosal Biopsies
Authors: Goyal Geetika , Zinger Tatyana , Warfield Dana , Cao Wenqing 
Published: June 2021

Context.—
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the most widely used method to diagnose CMV infection/reactivation in tissues in a pathology laboratory.

Objective.—
To improve the efficiency of CMV IHC testing by evaluating immunopositive staining trends of tissue-invasive CMV in the gastrointestinal system.

Design.—
A total of 1479 individual orders for CMV IHC on gastrointestinal biopsy specimens from 2016 to 2018 were included. The analysis was performed to identify the significant factors contributory to CMV-positive test results.

Results.—
The overall positivity rate of CMV IHC in our institution was 4.73% (70 of 1479). The positivity rate from physician-requested and pathologist-initiated tests was significantly different (7.54% versus 3.83%, P = .004). Cases with severe inflammation showed a higher positive CMV rate than those with mild inflammation (5.37% versus 2.60%, P = .04). Cytomegalovirus positivity in biopsies from posttransplant patients, inflammatory bowel disease, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), cancer, and others was 19.69%, 3.84%, 23.33%, 9.00%, and 2.84%, respectively. The positivity rate among posttransplant, HIV/CVID, or cancer patients was significantly higher than in other populations. Cases tested with multiple tissue blocks generated a higher positivity rate than those with a single block (7.77% versus 3.23%, P &lt; .001). Testing 3 to 4 blocks per case almost tripled the positive CMV detection rate (9.04%). Interestingly, using 5 or more blocks did not further ameliorate the positive CMV detection rate.

Conclusions.—
The data revealed that physician request, immunosuppression, multiple blocks, and severe inflammation were strongly related to positive CMV IHC detection rate. These findings might provide value in helping pathologists manage CMV IHC testing more efficiently.
Female Adnexal Tumor of Probable Wolffian Origin
Authors: Hou Yanjun , Yang Bin , Zhang Gloria 
Published: June 2021

Context.—
Female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin (FATWO) often is a diagnostic challenge given its rarity, histologic heterogeneity, and lack of specific immunoprofile.

Objective.—
To further understand the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of this rare entity.

Design.—
We studied the clinical, morphologic, and immunohistochemical features of a cohort of 11 FATWO cases from our institute.

Results.—
Patients' age ranged from 25 to 76 years (mean, 55 years). Tumor size ranged from 0.5 to 18 cm (mean, 2.7 cm). Histopathologically, most tumors presented with low-grade cytologic features with low mitotic activity and lack of necrosis. Three main growth patterns were appreciated: solid, tubular, and sievelike patterns. Higher-grade nuclear atypia, increased mitotic activity, and focal necrosis were seen in 2 cases. These 2 cases were clinically considered malignant FATWO mainly because of their extra-adnexal involvement. Immunohistochemical studies found that tumor cells were positive for CD10 (11 of 11, 100%), AE1/3 (8 of 8, 100%), CAM 5.2 (4 of 5, 80%), and cytokeratin 7 (CK7; 7 of 10, 70%), and focally positive for calretinin (4 of 10, 40%), inhibin (4 of 10, 40%), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA; 3 of 9, 33%), and steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1; 2 of 8, 25%). Lack of immunoreactivity to PAX8 and GATA3 in almost all cases indicates that FATWO is different from the tumors derived from the Müllerian or mesonephric origins. All patients with available follow-up had favorable prognosis.

Conclusion.—
The broad spectrum of clinical presentation, various morphologic features, and overlapping immunophenotype suggest that FATWO is a diagnosis of exclusion until it is further defined at the molecular and immunohistochemical levels.
A Daily Operational Huddle and a Real-Time Communication Application Improve Efficiency of Laboratory Processes
Authors: Cao Jing , Dowlin Michael , West Aaron , Mutandiro Clarah , Mpwo Marcus , Singh Ila R. 
Published: June 2021

Context.—
Clinical laboratory processes that require cooperation among geographically distinct sections often face challenges. We describe these challenges as related to the Gram staining of cerebrospinal fluid, a key test in the management of patients with suspected central nervous system infections, and our attempts to improve quality outcomes.

Objective.—
To evaluate multiple tools and strategies for their effectiveness in optimizing the turnaround time of tests sharing a specimen or workflow.

Design.—
Over the course of 5 years, the turnaround time of cerebrospinal fluid Gram stain was studied at one of the largest children's health systems in the United States. Baseline data showed suboptimal compliance to targeted turnaround times. A conventional approach to process standardization and 2 innovative tools that facilitate horizontal integration were applied to the main campus laboratory as follows: a daily operational huddle and a novel electronic communication application that was interfaced with the laboratory information system. Turnaround time and its variation were assessed. Two other hospital laboratories within the health system that did not undergo these quality interventions served as controls.

Results.—
Standardization of processes reduced the variability of turnaround time but only minimally shortened it. In contrast, an interteam daily huddle that monitored key quality metrics together with the communication application improved turnaround time significantly and sustainably.

Conclusions.—
Communication strategies involving a physical or virtual gathering of laboratory representatives encourage horizontal communication and improve turnaround times. These tools are generally applicable and could be used to improve other processes in healthcare, especially those where a workflow is shared between 2 geographically distinct areas of a health system.
« L’impartialité sera le premier de nos devoirs »
Authors: Harvey Sara 
Published: June 2021

Cet article interroge le statut singulier du critique dans la presse mondaine émergente en retraçant les liens constitutifs entre critique, auteur et lecteur. Il prend comme point de départ la Muse historique de Jean Loret. Ce divertissement lettré, qui regroupe les principales caractéristiques de l’écriture périodique, dessine un premier portrait, celui du critique honnête homme qui se construit en opposition avec le critique savant. L’analyse détaillée des différents Mercures français, à commencer par le Mercure galant, permet ensuite de comprendre l’évolution progressive du critique mondain : confronté tantôt à la figure du censeur qui sert de repoussoir, tantôt à la problématique de l’intérêt personnel et de la publicité, le critique défend d’abord la spécificité de sa voix et la valeur de ses remarques par l’adoption d’un comportement civil et mondain, se définissant ainsi ultimement comme un acteur social. Les Mercures qui succèdent au premier Mercure galant viennent par ailleurs montrer que, très rapidement, la figure du critique cherche à se dissocier de celle de l’auteur et que les rédacteurs mettent l’accent sur la nécessité d’adopter un ton neutre. Une vue d’ensemble de ce corpus fait clairement ressortir le fait que les débuts de la presse mondaine témoignent d’un glissement progressif entre pratique littéraire et communication médiatique.
« L’ami couronné », ou le roi de Pologne lecteur de la Correspondance littéraire de Grimm
Authors: Caron Mélinda 
Published: June 2021

Témoins des liens inextricables s’étant établis entre la Correspondance littéraire et les correspondances particulières qui en accompagnaient l’expédition, les lettres de Friedrich Melchior Grimm et du roi Stanislas‑Auguste Poniatowski constituent un ensemble tout désigné pour approcher la figure du lecteur auquel ces feuilles étaient adressées. Leur relation épistolaire révèle la complexité d’un ethos princier idéalisé, modulé par la figure mouvante des abonnés et construit dans une dynamique dialectique avec celui du rédacteur. À la fois représentatif de la manière dont Grimm nouait des liens avec ses pratiques et riche des rétroactions du lecteur de Varsovie, cet ensemble permet d’interroger l’efficace des représentations amicales déployées dans le périodique et laisse apprécier les talents d’équilibriste d’un correspondant qui, malgré des critiques et des refus susceptibles de déplaire au roi de Pologne, aura rencontré chez ce dernier, plus qu’un lecteur complice, un « ami couronné ».
Correspondance littéraire
Authors: Duranton Henri 
Published: June 2021

Forme originale de la communication lettrée, née à la fin du premier tiers du xviiie siècle, la « correspondance littéraire » peut se définir comme l’envoi régulier, sous forme de lettres manuscrites, de la chronique des activités culturelles du moment à Paris. Le destinataire, qui paie fort cher cette prestation, est presque toujours une tête couronnée de l’espace germanique, ce qui est un éloquent témoignage de la fascination qu’exerce alors la culture française sur l’élite européenne. Malgré de nombreux points communs, la « correspondance littéraire » diffère de la correspondance érudite de l’époque humaniste dont elle est héritière, autant que du journalisme littéraire qui prolifère au même moment, et des « nouvelles à la main » à contenu proprement politique. Concevable uniquement dans l’univers culturel de la France d’Ancien Régime, elle partagera son sort et disparaîtra à l’orée de la Révolution, après avoir connu un vif succès pendant un demi-siècle.
La bibliothèque de Maurice Duplessis, le non‑lecteur1
Authors: Livernois Jonathan , Noël2 Alex 
Published: June 2021

Cette étude cherche à mieux cerner les rapports entre les champs littéraire et politique au Québec durant la première moitié du xxe siècle, et ce, par le truchement d’une analyse de la bibliothèque personnelle de Maurice Duplessis, premier ministre du Québec (1936‑1939; 1944‑1959). Si cette bibliothèque témoigne des goûts d’un bourgeois conservateur, elle permet du même souffle de comprendre que l’institution littéraire ne s’est pas nécessairement construite en porte‑à‑faux avec les politiques de l’Union nationale et le premier ministre lui‑même. En outre, les choix littéraires de Maurice Duplessis semblent révéler des tensions entre modernité et tradition, épousant en quelque sorte celles qui ont structuré son exercice du pouvoir.