bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New collocation path-following approach for the optimal shape parameter using Kernel method
Authors: Saffah Zouhair , Timesli Abdelaziz , Lahmam Hassane , Azouani Abderrahim , Amdi Mohamed 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe goal of this work is to develop a numerical method combining Radial Basic Functions (RBF) kernel and a high order algorithm based on Taylor series and homotopy continuation method. The local RBF approximation applied in strong form allows us to overcome the difficulties of numerical integration and to treat problems of large deformations. Furthermore, the high order algorithm enables to transform the nonlinear problem to a set of linear problems. Determining the optimal value of the shape parameter in RBF kernel is still an outstanding research topic. This optimal value depends on density and distribution of points and the considered problem for e.g. boundary value problems, integral equations, delay-differential equations etc. These have been extensively attempts in literature which end up choosing this optimal value by tests and error or some other ad-hoc means. Our contribution in this paper is to suggest a new strategy using radial basis functions kernel with an automatic reasonable choice of the shape parameter in the nonlinear case which depends on the accuracy and stability of the results. The computational experiments tested on some examples in structural analysis are performed and the comparison with respect to the state of art algorithms from the literature is given.
Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: Updated Review of the Literature and State of the Art
Authors: Boškoski Ivo , Orlandini Beatrice , Papparella Luigi Giovanni , Matteo Maria Valeria , De Siena Martina , Pontecorvi Valerio , Costamagna Guido 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Gastrointestinal endoscopy includes a wide range of procedures that has dramatically evolved over the past decades. Robotic endoscopy and artificial intelligence are expanding the horizons of traditional techniques and will play a key role in clinical practice in the near future. Understanding the main available devices and procedures is a key unmet need. This review aims to assess the current and future applications of the most recently developed endoscopy robots.

Recent Findings
Even though a few devices have gained approval for clinical application, the majority of robotic and artificial intelligence systems are yet to become an integral part of the current endoscopic instrumentarium. Some of the innovative endoscopic devices and artificial intelligence systems are dedicated to complex procedures such as endoscopic submucosal dissection, whereas others aim to improve diagnostic techniques such as colonoscopy.

Summary
A review on flexible endoscopic robotics and artificial intelligence systems is presented here, showing the m3ost recently approved and experimental devices and artificial intelligence systems for diagnosis and robotic endoscopy.
The reporting of sustainable development goals: is the integrated approach the missing link?
Authors: Trucco Sara , Demartini Maria Chiara , Beretta Valentina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis commentary argues that the integrated thinking could support the simultaneous consideration of different stakeholders' groups to ensure that the SDGs can be achieved as a whole. Prior research, indeed, has argued that social and environmental accounting should put forward actions against unsustainability. Recent literature and international bodies report action to mitigate the negative impacts of unsustainability globally, such as the introduction of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to set an agenda for the implementation of sustainable development. The implementation of the SDGs has not thus far resulted in the expected outcomes, since there is a lack of focus on how to identify interdependencies among different goals. Integration in SDGs has emerged as an approach to promote actions in this regard, but only a limited number of studies have put forward how integrated reporting and thinking can support the implementation of actions and the monitoring of their progress. Therefore, a paradigm shift in the implementation of an integrated approach in monitoring sustainable development worldwide should be promoted. This could have economic, financial and business consequences; for instance, to support national development plans by creating national financing frameworks, to improve internal decision making and information for investors, to effectively engage the public in sustainability practices such as a Green New Deal and to enhance the perspective of both public and private sector. The adoption of integrated reporting (IR) can describe the value creation process of an organization, by considering the influence of the external environment, relationships, and various resources. By including the concept of sustainable development, the revised IR Framework can be translated at various levels of analysis, by helping firms, local authorities, countries, or other stakeholders in developing proper strategies to improve their process of sustainable development creation. Areas for fruitful future research can be addressed to identify those interdependencies among goals that could effectively enable the SDGs to be universal, indivisible, and interlinked. A further call for research could be focused on what interconnections in the SDGs could be developed across sectors, societal actors, and between and among low, medium, and high-income countries.
Prevalence and associated factors of sharps injuries and other blood/body fluid exposures among healthcare workers: A multicenter study
Authors: Yang Xi-Yao , Li Ruo-Jie , Wu Yi-Le , Hu Xiao-Qian , Wang Xue-Ping , Zhang Jing-Jing , Yang Li-Qi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA multicenter study of sharps injuries (SIs) and other blood or body fluid (OBBF) exposures was conducted among 33,156 healthcare workers (HCWs) from 175 hospitals in Anhui, China. In total, 12,178 HCWs (36.7%) had experienced at least 1 SI in the previous 12 months and 8,116 HCWs (24.5%) had experienced at least 1 OBBF exposure during the previous 12 months.
IS A SPECTRUM OF A NON-DISINTEGRATED FLAT STRONGLY MINIMAL MODEL COMPLETE THEORY IN A LANGUAGE WITH FINITE SIGNATURE
Authors: ANDREWS URI , MERMELSTEIN OMER 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe build a new spectrum of recursive models (
$ \operatorname {\mathrm {SRM}}(T)$
) of a strongly minimal theory. This theory is non-disintegrated, flat, model complete, and in a language with a finite signature.
CONGRUENCE OF ULTRAFILTERS
Authors: ŠOBOT BORIS 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe continue the research of the relation
$\hspace {1mm}\widetilde {\mid }\hspace {1mm}$
on the set
$\beta \mathbb {N}$
of ultrafilters on
$\mathbb {N}$
, defined as an extension of the divisibility relation. It is a quasiorder, so we see it as an order on the set of
$=_{\sim }$
-equivalence classes, where
$\mathcal {F}=_{\sim }\mathcal {G}$
means that
$\mathcal {F}$
and
$\mathcal {G}$
are mutually
$\hspace {1mm}\widetilde {\mid }$
-divisible. Here we introduce a new tool: a relation of congruence modulo an ultrafilter. We first recall the congruence of ultrafilters modulo an integer and show that
$=_{\sim }$
-equivalent ultrafilters do not necessarily have the same residue modulo
$m\in \mathbb {N}$
. Then we generalize this relation to congruence modulo an ultrafilter in a natural way. After that, using iterated nonstandard extensions, we introduce a stronger relation, which has nicer properties with respect to addition and multiplication of ultrafilters. Finally, we introduce a strengthening of
$\hspace {1mm}\widetilde {\mid }\hspace {1mm}$
and show that it also behaves well with respect to the congruence relation.
ARONSZAJN TREE PRESERVATION AND BOUNDED FORCING AXIOMS
Authors: FUCHS GUNTER 
Published: February 2021

AbstractI investigate the relationships between three hierarchies of reflection principles for a forcing class

$\Gamma $
: the hierarchy of bounded forcing axioms, of

$\Sigma ^1_1$
-absoluteness, and of Aronszajn tree preservation principles. The latter principle at level

$\kappa $
says that whenever T is a tree of height

$\omega _1$
and width

$\kappa $
that does not have a branch of order type

$\omega _1$
, and whenever

${\mathord {\mathbb P}}$
is a forcing notion in

$\Gamma $
, then it is not the case that

${\mathord {\mathbb P}}$
forces that T has such a branch.

$\Sigma ^1_1$
-absoluteness serves as an intermediary between these principles and the bounded forcing axioms. A special case of the main result is that for forcing classes that don’t add reals, the three principles at level

$2^\omega $
are equivalent. Special attention is paid to certain subclasses of subcomplete forcing, since these are natural forcing classes that don’t add reals.
THE REVERSE MATHEMATICS OF THEOREMS OF JORDAN AND LEBESGUE
Authors: NIES ANDRÉ , TRIPLETT MARCUS A. , YOKOYAMA KEITA 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Jordan decomposition theorem states that every function
$f \colon \, [0,1] \to \mathbb {R}$
of bounded variation can be written as the difference of two non-decreasing functions. Combining this fact with a result of Lebesgue, every function of bounded variation is differentiable almost everywhere in the sense of Lebesgue measure. We analyze the strength of these theorems in the setting of reverse mathematics. Over
$\mathsf {RCA}_{0}$
, a stronger version of Jordan’s result where all functions are continuous is equivalent to
$\mathsf {ACA}_0$
, while the version stated is equivalent to
${\textsf {WKL}}_{0}$
. The result that every function on
$[0,1]$
of bounded variation is almost everywhere differentiable is equivalent to
${\textsf {WWKL}}_{0}$
. To state this equivalence in a meaningful way, we develop a theory of Martin–Löf randomness over
$\mathsf {RCA}_0$
.
SCOTT COMPLEXITY OF COUNTABLE STRUCTURES
Authors: ALVIR RACHAEL , GREENBERG NOAM , HARRISON-TRAINOR MATTHEW , TURETSKY DAN 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe define the Scott complexity of a countable structure to be the least complexity of a Scott sentence for that structure. This is a finer notion of complexity than Scott rank: it distinguishes between whether the simplest Scott sentence is
$\Sigma _{\alpha }$
,
$\Pi _{\alpha }$
, or
$\mathrm {d-}\Sigma _{\alpha }$
. We give a complete classification of the possible Scott complexities, including an example of a structure whose simplest Scott sentence is
$\Sigma _{\lambda + 1}$
for
$\lambda $
a limit ordinal. This answers a question left open by A. Miller.We also construct examples of computable structures of high Scott rank with Scott complexities
$\Sigma _{\omega _1^{CK}+1}$
and
$\mathrm {d-}\Sigma _{\omega _1^{CK}+1}$
. There are three other possible Scott complexities for a computable structure of high Scott rank:
$\Pi _{\omega _1^{CK}}$
,
$\Pi _{\omega _1^{CK}+1}$
,
$\Sigma _{\omega _1^{CK}+1}$
. Examples of these were already known. Our examples are computable structures of Scott rank
$\omega _1^{CK}+1$
which, after naming finitely many constants, have Scott rank
$\omega _1^{CK}$
. The existence of such structures was an open question.
Little Ice Age to modern lake-level fluctuations from Ferguson's Gulf, Lake Turkana, Kenya, based on sedimentology and ostracod assemblages
Authors: Beck Catherine C. , Feibel Craig S. , Mortlock Richard A. , Quinn Rhonda L. , Wright James D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLacustrine sedimentary records and the proxies contained within them are valuable archives of past climate. However, the resolution of these records is frequently coarse or contains a high degree of uncertainty, making it difficult to resolve how climatic variability impacts the ecosystems on which humans depend. The goal of this study is to couple recent sediment cores sampled at centimeter-scale resolution with paleo- and historical information about lake levels to document how changes in the paleoenvironment impact the paleoecology of a rift basin lake. We present multiproxy data from three short cores collected from Ferguson's Gulf (FG), a shallow embayment connected to the western shore of Lake Turkana, Kenya. Five distinct biozones were interpreted on the basis of ostracods and geochemistry (δ18O, δ13C, and major elements), spanning the Little Ice Age (LIA) to the modern. Overall, ostracod total abundance and assemblage diversity decreased up-core, with the largest total abundance and genera diversity occurring during the LIA. This fits with regional datasets that indicate the Eastern Branch of the East African Rift System was wetter during the LIA than it is today. This also suggests that human impact in and around Lake Turkana has weakened the resiliency of the ecosystems in FG.
Universal and differential transcriptional regulatory pathways involved in the preparation of summer and winter diapauses in Pieris melete
Authors: Jiang Ting , Zhu Yulin , Peng Yingchuan , Zhang Wanna , Xiao Haijun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMuch progress has been made in understanding the environmental and hormonal systems regulating winter diapause. However, transcriptional regulation of summer diapause is still largely unknown, making it difficult to understand an all-around regulation profile of seasonal adaptation. To bridge this gap, comparison RNA-seq to profile the transcriptome and to examine differential gene expression profiles between non-diapause, summer diapause, and winter diapause groups were performed. A total number of 113 million reads were generated and assembled into 79,117 unigenes, with 37,492 unigenes categorized into 58 functional gene ontology groups, 25 clusters of orthologous group categories, and 256 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. KEGG analysis mapped 2108 differentially expressed genes to 48 and 67 pathways for summer and winter diapauses, respectively. Enrichment statistics showed that 11 identical pathways similarly overlapped in the top 20 enriched functional groups both related to summer and winter diapauses. We also identified 35 key candidate genes for universal and differential functions related to summer and winter diapause preparation. Furthermore, we identified some genes involved in the signaling and metabolic pathways that may be the key drivers to integrate environmental signals into the summer and winter diapause preparation. The current study provided valuable insights into global molecular mechanisms underpinning diapause preparation.
Head and neck cancer surgery during the coronavirus pandemic: a single-institution experience
Authors: Jeannon J-P , Simo R , Oakley R , Townley W , Orfaniotis G , Fry A , Arora A , Taylor C , Ahmad I 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic resulted in the cessation of elective surgery. The continued provision of complex head and neck cancer surgery was extremely variable, with some UK centres not performing any cancer surgery. During the pandemic, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust received high numbers of coronavirus disease 2019 admissions. This paper presents our experience of elective complex major head and neck cancer surgery throughout the pandemic.MethodsA head and neck cancer surgery hub was set up that provided a co-ordinated managed care pathway for cancer patients during the pandemic; the Guy's Cancer Centre provided a separate, self-enclosed coronavirus-free environment within the hospital campus.ResultsSixty-nine head and neck cancer patients were operated on in two months, and 13 patients had a microvascular free tissue transfer. Nosocomial infection with coronavirus disease 2019 was detected in two cases (3 per cent), neither required critical care unit admission. Both patients made a complete recovery and were discharged home. There were no deaths.ConclusionPerforming major head and neck surgery, including free flap surgery, is possible during the pandemic; however, significant changes to conventional practice are required to achieve desirable patient outcomes.
Islamic Traditionalism in a Globalizing World: Sunni Muslim identity in Kerala, South India
Authors: VISAKH M. S. , SANTHOSH R. , MOHAMMED ROSHAN C. K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn our ethnography among traditionalist Sunni Muslims of Kerala, South India, we observe the emergence of new intellectual critiques of Islamic reformism and a revival of ‘traditional’ Islamic articulations. A new class of traditionalist Sunniulama, claiming to be ‘turbaned professionals’, plays an instrumental role in providing epistemic sanctioning to ‘traditional’ Islamic piety while simultaneously grounding it within the discourses and processes of neoliberal developmentalism. Such assertions of traditionalist Sunni Muslim identity challenge the conventional understanding of Islamic reformism as a hallmark of the progressive understanding of faith and traditionalism as its ‘anti-modern’ other. The article argues that this discursive shift of Sunni Islamic traditionalism in Kerala since the 1980s from defensive to more assertive forms has to be located in the context of wider socio-economic change within the community facilitated by structural as well as cultural forces of globalization. We point out that this process traverses the local, national, and global scales of identification, and results in intense negotiations between local identifications and ‘true Islamicate global imaginations’. These negotiations bring in new discourses around the question of ‘authentic’ Islamic practices and sensibilities among the traditionalist Sunni Muslims, forcing us to locate the question of their identity formation beyond the boundaries of communities and the nation states that ensconce them.
Peasants, Colonialism, and Sovereignty: The Garo rebellions in eastern India
Authors: MISRA SANGHAMITRA 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article studies two seismic decades in the history of the Garo community, marked out in colonial records as among the most violent and isolated people that British rule encountered in eastern and northeastern India. Through a densely knit historical narrative that hinges on an enquiry into the colonial reordering of the core elements of the regional political economy of eastern and northeastern India, it will train its focus on the figure of the rebellious Garo peasant and on the arresting display of Garo recalcitrance between 1807 and 1820. Reading a rich colonial archive closely and against the grain, the article will depart from extant historiography in its characterization of the colonial state in the early nineteenth century as well as of its relationship with ‘tribes’/‘peasants’ in eastern and northeastern India. A critique of the idea of primitive violence and the production of the ‘tribe’ under conditions of colonial modernity will occupy the latter half of the article. Here it will argue that the numerous and apparently disparate acts of headhunting, raids, plunder, and burning by the Garos on the lowlands of Bengal and Assam were in fact an assembling of the first of a series of sustained peasant rebellions in this part of colonial India—a powerful manifestation of a community's historical consciousness of the loss of its sovereign self under British rule.
Effects of Dynamic Model Errors in Task-Priority Operational Space Control
Authors: Di Lillo Paolo , Antonelli Gianluca , Natale Ciro 
Published: February 2021

SUMMARYControl algorithms of many Degrees-of-Freedom (DOFs) systems based on Inverse Kinematics (IK) or Inverse Dynamics (ID) approaches are two well-known topics of research in robotics. The large number of DOFs allows the design of many concurrent tasks arranged in priorities, that can be solved either at kinematic or dynamic level. This paper investigates the effects of modeling errors in operational space control algorithms with respect to uncertainties affecting knowledge of the dynamic parameters. The effects on the null-space projections and the sources of steady-state errors are investigated. Numerical simulations with on-purpose injected errors are used to validate the thoughts.
Early onset obsessive–compulsive disorder: the biological and clinical phenotype
Authors: Grassi Giacomo , Cecchelli Chiara , Mazzocato Gloria , Vignozzi Luisa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMoving from a behavioral-based to a biological-based classification of mental disorders is a crucial step toward a precision-medicine approach in psychiatry. In the last decade, a big effort has been made in order to stratify genetic, immunological, neurobiological, cognitive, and clinical profiles of patients. Making the case of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), a lot have been made in this direction. Indeed, while the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) diagnosis of OCD aimed to delineate a homogeneous group of patients, it is now clear that OCD is instead an heterogeneous disorders both in terms of neural networks, immunological, genetic, and clinical profiles. In this view, a convergent amount of literature, in the last years, indicated that OCD patients with an early age at onset seem to have a specific clinical and biological profile, suggesting it as a neurodevelopmental disorder. Also, these patients tend to have a worse outcome respect to adult-onset patients and there is growing evidence that early-interventions could potentially improve their prognosis. Therefore, the aim of the present paper is to review the current available genetic, immunological, neurobiological, cognitive, and clinical data in favor of a more biologically precise subtype of OCD: the early-onset subtype. We also briefly resume current available recommendations for the clinical management of this specific population.
Leptin administration during lactation leads to different nutritional, biometric, hemodynamic, and cardiac outcomes in prepubertal and adult female Wistar rats
Authors: de Souza Karyne Pollo , de Sousa Pedro Samuel , Rocha Nazareth Novaes , Marques Emiliana Barbosa , Scaramello Christianne Bretas Vieira 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLiterature reports that insults, such as hormonal disturbances, during critical periods of development may modulate organism physiology and metabolism favoring cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) later in life. Studies show that leptin administration during lactation leads to cardiovascular dysfunction in young and adult male Wistar rats. However, there are sex differences regarding CVD. Thus, the present work aimed to investigate neonatal leptin administration’s consequences on different outcomes in female rats at prepubertal and adult age. Newborn Wistar female rats were divided into two groups, Leptin and Control, receiving daily subcutaneous injections of this adipokine (8 μg/100 g) or saline for the first 10 of 21 d of lactation. Nutritional, biometric, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic parameters, as well as maximal effort ergometer performance, were determined at postnatal days (PND) 30 and 150. Leptin group presented lower food intake (p= 0.0003) and higher feed efficiency (p= 0.0058) between PND 21 and 30. Differences concerning echocardiographic parameters revealed higher left ventricle internal diameter (LVID) in systole (p= 0.0051), as well as lower left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) (p= 0.0111) and fractional shortening (FS) (p= 0.0405) for this group at PND 30. Older rats treated with leptin during lactation presented only higher LVID in systole (p= 0.0270). Systolic blood pressure and maximum effort ergometer test performance was similar between groups at both ages. These data suggest that nutritional, biometric, and cardiac outcomes due to neonatal leptin administration in female rats are age-dependent.