bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D and Muscle Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials
Authors: Bislev Lise Sofie , Grove-Laugesen Diana , Rejnmark Lars 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation versus placebo on muscle health. For this systematic review and trial-level meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials, a systematic search of randomized controlled trials published until October 2020 was performed in Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar. We included studies in humans (except athletes) on supplementation with vitamin D2 or D3 versus placebo, regardless of administration form (daily, bolus, and duration) with or without calcium co-supplementation. The predefined endpoints were physical performance reported as timed up and go test (TUG; seconds), chair rising test (seconds), 6-minute walking distance (m), and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB; points). Furthermore, endpoints were maximum muscle strength (Newton) measured at handgrip, elbow flexion, elbow extension, knee flexion, and knee extension, as well as muscle (lean tissue) mass (kg). Falls were not included in the analysis. Cochrane Review Manager (version 5.4.1.) calculating mean difference (MD) using a random effect model was used. In total, 54 randomized controlled trials involving 8747 individuals were included. Vitamin D versus placebo was associated with a significantly longer time spent performing the TUG (MD 0.15 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.03 to 0.26] seconds, N = 19 studies, I2 = 0%, n = 5223 participants) and a significant lower maximum knee flexion strength (MD –3.3 [−6.63 to −0.03] Newton, N = 12 studies, I2 = 0%, n = 765 participants). Total score in the SPPB showed a tendency toward worsening in response to vitamin D compared with placebo (MD −0.18 [−0.37 to 0.01] points, N = 8 studies, I2 = 0%, n = 856 participants). Other measures of muscle health did not show between-group differences. In subgroup analyses, including studies with low vitamin D levels, effects of vitamin D supplementation did not differ from placebo. Available evidence does not support a beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation on muscle health. Vitamin D may have adverse effects on muscle health, which needs to be considered when recommending vitamin D supplementation. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Sodium houttuyfonate attenuates neurological defects after traumatic brain injury in mice via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasomes
Authors: Yao Xiaolong , Wang Shengbo , Chen Yingchun , Sheng Liuqing , Li Huanhuan , You Huichao , Ye Jianfeng , Zhang Qing , Li Jun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSodium houttuyfonate (SH) is a chemical compound synthesized by houttuynin and sodium bisulfite. As it has antinflammatory effects, SH has been widely used to treat autoimmune diseases, including post events following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Meanwhile, NOD‐like receptor with pyrin domain containing‐3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes in microglia may play a central role in TBI. But to date, the intracellular mechanisms involved in the anti‐inflammatory effects of SH in TBI remain unknown, especially whether regulating NLRP3. To gain an insight into this possibility, we conducted cell culture and biochemical studies on the effect of SH on NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia. The results showed that SH inhibited TLR4 and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the microglia cell. In parallel, phosphorylation of ERK and NF‐κB p65, which play a key role in NLRP3 inflammasome formation, was decreased. Intraperitoneal injection of SH into TBI mice significantly reduced the modified neurological severity score (mNSS), as well as the degree of microglia apoptosis post‐controlled cortical impact (CCI). Immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis, and reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) revealed that SH markedly reduced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, TLR4 activity, phosphorylation of ERK and NF‐κB. Moreover, SH significantly inhibited microglia activation post‐CCI, but effectively promoted the astrocyte activation and angiopoiesis. Taken together, our research provides evidence that SH attenuated neurological deficits post TBI through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation, via influencing the TLR4/NF‐κB signaling pathway. These findings explain the intracellular mechanism of the anti‐inflammatory activity caused by SH treatment following TBI.
TCTP overexpression reverses age‐associated telomere attrition by upregulating telomerase activity in mouse oocytes
Authors: Jeon Hyuk‐Joon , Kang Minsung , Kim Jae‐Sung , Oh Jeong Su 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA prolonged time span between ovulation and fertilization can cause postovulatory aging of oocytes, which impairs oocyte quality and subsequent embryo development. Telomere attrition has long been considered as the primary hallmark of aging or the cause of age‐associated diseases. However, the status of telomere and its regulation during postovulatory oocyte aging are poorly understood. Here we found that oocytes experience telomere shortening during postovulatory aging, although they have the capacity to maintain telomere length. However, translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) overexpression could reverse age‐associated telomere shortening by upregulating telomerase activity in mouse oocytes. Telomere length in mature oocytes gradually decreased with postovulatory aging, which was associated with a marked reduction in TRF1 expression, decreased telomerase activity, and decreased homologous combination (HR)‐based alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) with a concomitant increase in oxidative stress. Surprisingly, however, overexpression of TCTP led to a remarkable increase in telomere length during postovulatory aging. Notably, neither TRF1 nor BRCA1 level was altered by TCTP overexpression. Moreover, TCTP‐mediated telomere lengthening was not blocked by HR inhibition. In striking contrast, telomerase activity, as well as TERT and TERC levels, increased after TCTP overexpression. Importantly, unlike the chromosome‐wide distribution of endogenous TCTP, overexpressed TCTP was ectopically localized at telomeres, implying that TCTP overexpression is required to increase telomerase activity. Collectively, our results demonstrate that TCTP prevents telomere attrition during postovulatory aging by upregulating telomerase activity in mouse oocytes.
Tetraspanin 7 regulates osteoclast function through association with the RANK/αvβ3 integrin complex
Authors: Kim Minhee , Lin Jingjing , Huh Jeong‐Eun , Park Jin Hee , Go Miyeon , Lee Hana , Hwang Donghyun , Kim Han Sung , Kim Taesoo , Lee Daekee , Lee Soo Young 
Published: August 2021

AbstractActin rings are unique structures that facilitate the attachment of osteoclasts to the bone matrix during bone resorption. Previous studies have shown that tetraspanin7 (TSPAN7) plays an important role in the reorganization of the cytoskeleton necessary for the bone‐resorbing activity of osteoclasts. However, questions remain as to the mechanisms by which TSPAN7 regulates this cytoskeletal rearrangement. In this study, we investigated the roles of TSPAN7 in osteoclasts by deleting theTm4sf2gene in mice, which encodes TSPAN7. TheTm4sf2global knockout model showed protective effects on pathological bone loss, but no discernible changes in bone phenotypes under physiological conditions. In vitro study revealed that ablation ofTm4sf2caused significant defects in integrin‐mediated actin ring formation, thereby leading to significantly decreased bone resorption. Additionally, we demonstrated an association between TSPAN7 and the receptor activator of nuclear factor‐кB/αvβ3 integrin. Overall, our findings suggest that TSPAN7 acts as a novel modulator regulating the bone‐resorbing function of osteoclasts.
Breast implant seroma: A SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccine side effect
Authors: Kayser Françoise , Fourneau Hadrien , Mazy Olivier C. , Mazy Stéphane 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFluid collection surrounding breast implants, called seroma, is a frequent issue that has diverse etiologies. We describe a 48‐year‐old woman with an acute onset of bilateral breast swelling occurring 5 years after aesthetic surgery and 10 days after a second SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccine dose. At breast ultrasound, we found an abundant bilateral peri‐implant seroma. Our patient noticed symptom improvement 48 h after nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug treatment, complete disappearance of symptoms after 10 days with seroma disappearance documented by ultrasound. We hypothesized a breast implant seroma as post‐SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccine side effect, as different other diagnosis had been excluded.
Evaluation of the relationship between serum levels of zinc, vitamin B12, vitamin D, and clinical outcomes in patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Shakeri Habibesadat , Azimian Amir , Ghasemzadeh‐Moghaddam Hamed , Safdari Mohammadreza , Haresabadi Mehdi , Daneshmand Tahereh , Namdar Ahmadabad Hasan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDue to the known anti‐inflammatory and antiviral effects of zinc, 25(OH)D, and vitamin B12, in this study, we explored the association between serum levels of these micronutrients in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients at the time of admission and the clinical outcomes. This study was carried out on 293 patients with COVID‐19, who were hospitalized at Imam Hassan hospital (Bojnourd, Iran). We collected demographic data, clinical characteristics, values of serum biochemical parameters in the first week of admission, and clinical outcomes from electronic medical records. We also measured serum levels of zinc, 25(OH)D, and vitamin B12 within 3 days of admission. Of the 293 hospitalized, the median age was 53 years, and 147 (50.17%) were female. Thirty‐seven patients (12.62%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and forty‐two (14.32%) died. We found that the serum levels of zinc, vitamin B12, and 25(OH)D were lower in patients who died than those who were admitted to ICU or non‐ICU and survived; however, these differences were not statistically significant for vitamin B12 and 25(OH)D (p > 0.05). The serum concentrations of zinc, vitamin B12, and 25(OH)D at the time of admission did not affect the length of hospital stay in patients with COVID‐19. In general, it seems that serum levels of 25(OH)D, vitamin B12, and especially zinc at the time of admission can affect clinical outcomes in COVID‐19 patients.
Micro‐CT analysis of the Lisfranc complex reveals higher bone mineral density in dorsal compared to plantar regions
Authors: Requist Melissa R. , Sripanich Yantarat , Rolvien Tim , Lenz Amy L. , Barg Alexej 
Published: August 2021

AbstractInjuries to the Lisfranc complex may require surgical fixation, the stability of which may be correlated with bone mineral density (BMD). However, there is limited research on regional BMD variations in the Lisfranc complex. This study used quantitative micro‐CT to characterize regional BMD in the four bones (medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, first metatarsal, and second metatarsal) of this complex. Twenty‐four cadaveric specimens were imaged with a calibration phantom using micro‐CT. Each bone was segmented and divided into eight regions based on an anatomical coordinate system. BMD for each octant was calculated using scan‐specific calibration equations and average image intensity. Differences between regions were analyzed using ANOVA with post hoc analysis and differences between groups of four octants in each plane were analyzed with t‐tests with significance levelα = 0.05. The highest density region in the medial cuneiform was the distal–dorsal–lateral and dorsal regions showed significantly higher BMD than plantar regions. The intermediate cuneiform had the highest density in the distal–dorsal–medial region and the dorsal and medial regions had higher BMD than the plantar and lateral regions, respectively. The densest region of the first metatarsal was the distal–dorsal–lateral and distal regions had significantly higher BMD than proximal regions. In the second metatarsal, the distal–dorsal–medial region had the highest density, and the distal, dorsal, and medial regions had significantly higher BMD than the proximal, plantar, and lateral regions, respectively. The predominant finding was a pattern of increased density in the dorsal bone regions, which may be relevant in the surgical management of Lisfranc injuries.
Comprehensive physiopathology and serum metabolomics for the evaluation of the influence mechanism of qi deficiency on xenograft mouse models of liver cancer
Authors: Hou Zong , Liu Shu , Song Fengrui , Pi Zifeng , Liu Zhiqiang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTraditional Chinese medicine believes that qi deficiency is important pathogenesis and syndrome of liver cancer and thus is crucial in related research. However, the effect of qi deficiency on the occurrence and development of liver cancer is still unclear. This study aimed to establish a liver cancer model of qi deficiency through the swimming exhaustion and xenograft of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. The effects of qi deficiency on the occurrence and development of liver cancer were investigated by analyzing tumor development, blood routine, histopathology, and serum metabolomics. Results showed that qi deficiency greatly affected the physiology and tumor growth of xenograft mice. Eight potential biomarkers were identified by metabolomics based on ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography and tandem quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Their main pathways were arachidonic acid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, purine metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, steroid biosynthesis, sphingomyelin metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism pathway. Finally, the effects of qi deficiency on the occurrence and development of liver cancer were comprehensively analyzed, and the mechanism of this process was preliminarily clarified.
Comparison of the chemical profile differences of Aster tataricus between raw and processed products by metabolomics coupled with chemometrics methods
Authors: Wang Songrui , Xue Zixiang , Huang Xuhua , Ma Wenjuan , Yang Dongyue , Zhao Lulu , Ouyang Huizi , Chang Yanxu , He Jun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAster tataricus, a traditional Chinese herb, has been used to treat cough and asthma for many years. Its raw and processed products have different pharmacological effects in clinical applications. To explore the chemical profile differences of components in A. tataricus processed with different methods, metabolomics methods based on ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry were developed. Chemometrics strategy was applied to filter and screen the candidate compounds. The accuracy of differential markers was validated by back propagation neural network. The established methods showed that raw A. tataricus, honey‐processed A. tataricus, vinegar‐processed A. tataricus, and steamed A. tataricus were clearly divided into four groups, suggesting that the components were closely related to the processing methods. A total of 64 nonvolatile and 43 volatile compounds were identified in A. tataricus, and 22 nonvolatile and 12 volatile differential constituents were selected to distinguish the raw and processed A. tataricus. This study demonstrated that the metabolomics methods coupled with chemometrics were a comprehensive strategy to analyze the chemical profile differences and provided a reliable reference for quality evaluation of A. tataricus.
Silencing of circ_0000517 suppresses proliferation, glycolysis, and glutamine decomposition of non‐small cell lung cancer by modulating miR‐330‐5p/YY1 signal pathway
Authors: Bing Zhong‐Xing , Zhang Jia‐Qi , Wang Gui‐Ge , Wang Yan‐Qing , Wang Tian‐Ge , Li Dan‐Qing 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn recent years, circular RNA (circRNA) has been found to be involved in a variety of cancer processes. More and more attention has been paid to the research of circRNA in lung cancer. This study aims to investigate whether circ_0000517 affected the physiology of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the underlying mechanism. The results demonstrated that circ_0000517 was highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and cells, and overexpression of circ_0000517 was negatively correlated with the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Silencing of circ_0000517 significantly inhibited the proliferation, glycolysis, and glutamine decomposition of NSCLC cells in vitro and repressed the growth of xenografted tumors in vivo. Moreover, knockdown of circ_0000517 attenuated the expression of PCNA, HK2, LDHA, ASCT2, and GLS1. Further study found that circ_0000517 targeted miR‐330‐5p and miR‐330‐5p targeted YY1. In addition, miR‐330‐5p inhibitor reversed inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, glycolysis, and glutamine decomposition induced by si‐circ_0000517. In conclusion, our study revealed that silencing of circ_0000517 improved the progression of NSCLC through regulating miR‐330‐5p/YY1 axis.
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Use of High‐Quality Hospitals Among Oral Cancer Patients in California
Authors: Megwalu Uchechukwu C. , Ma Yifei 
Published: August 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTo examine racial/ethnic differences in use of high‐quality hospitals in patients treated for oral cancer in California.Study DesignRetrospective cancer database cohort study.MethodsData were extracted from the California Cancer Registry data set linked with discharge records and hospital characteristics from the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development, and with neighborhood characteristics from the California Neighborhoods Data System. The study cohort comprised adult patients with oral cavity malignancy diagnosed between 2004 and 2015. Principal component analysis was used to generate the composite oral cancer‐specific hospital quality score. The impact of hospital quality on survival was assessed using Cox regression models with robust standard error using sandwich variance estimators. Poisson regression models with robust error variance were used to assess the association between race/ethnicity and use of high‐quality hospitals.ResultsPatients treated in hospitals ranked in the top quartile for quality had improved overall survival (hazard ratio 0.86, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.76–0.98), after adjusting for tumor stage, Charlson comorbidity score, neck dissection, radiotherapy, age, sex, race, and insurance status. Black patients (risk ratio 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.98) were less likely to be treated in high‐quality hospitals compared with non‐Hispanic White patients.ConclusionTreatment in high‐quality hospitals is associated with improved survival for patients with oral cancer. However, black patients are less likely to be treated in high‐quality hospitals compared with non‐Hispanic white patients.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:793–800, 2022
Comparison with Experiment, Model, and Simulation for Thermal Conductive Mechanism of Polymer Composites without Particle Network
Authors: Feng Yancong , Chen Xin , Li Yongrui , Wang Yao , Li Hao , Zhou Guofu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractConstruction of particle network is the most effective strategy for polymer composites with high thermal conductivity. However, the disadvantages of this strategy, such as high particle concentration, complex preparation process, weak mechanical properties or thermodynamic instability, still limit the application. The heat transfer mechanism of polymer composites without particle network remains unclear. In this work, for exploring the heat transfer path of polymer composites without particle network, polymer composites are designed with spherical SiO2 particles grafted by 3D crosslinked organosilicone matrix, to minimize influence of interfacial thermal resistance and crystallization. Combining experiment, theoretical models and coarse‐grained molecular dynamics simulations, it is concluded that the heat fluxes concentrate on the matrix among the particles.
Protein based nanomedicine: Promising therapeutic modalities against inflammatory disorders
Authors: Zaheer Yumna , Vorup‐Jensen Thomas , Webster Thomas J. , Ahmed Mukhtiar , Khan Waheed S. , Ihsan Ayesha 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe safe and targeted delivery of pharmaceutical formulations has relied extensively on synthetic chemistry and other physicochemical approaches. The research paradigm is now especially changing towards green (or environmentally friendly) approaches, and several biopolymer‐based nanocarriers are marked as emerging nanomedicine tools. These have been developed to overcome problems with conventional drug carriers, which induce severe side effects, especially due to non‐specificity with detrimental effects on non‐targeted normal healthy cells. In addition, the phagocytosis of classic nanoparticles (NPs) and their degradation associated with the formation of oxygen radicals by the immune system are significant barriers for drug delivery. In this regard, protein nanocarriers appear as a promising approach to escape unwanted immune reactions. Moreover, these protein‐based NPs are generally non‐toxic, biodegradable, and even cost‐effective. As a less appreciated advantage, the surface properties of proteins are easily modified. There are, however, several challenges and limiting choices to make when choosing the type of modification to enable effective drug delivery. Here, we shed light on the role of protein nanocarriers for enhancing the bioavailability of different anti‐inflammatory drugs, including better macrophage targeting and overcoming biological barriers. This insight helps one to understand their broad utility in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and bridges the gap between naturaltherapeutic products and nanotechnology‐based delivery approaches, creating perhaps an optimal blend to meet some of our most persistent healthcare problems.
A geometrically nonlinear structural formulation for analysis of beams with a new set of generalized displacements considering piezoelectric effects
Authors: da Silva Felipe Miranda , Donadon Maurício Vicente , Cabral Pedro Higino Alonso 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this article, a nonlinear structural formulation that uses a new dimensionless set of generalized displacements is proposed for solving geometrically nonlinear beam problems, being validated by several applications given in literature where a cantilever beam is likely to undergo large displacements. By this approach, useful simplifications and insights are achievable in the analysis process, as the system matrices becoming linear and the reduction of required interpolation continuity degree. The formulation is firstly developed—in a Lagrangian perspective—and the equilibrium equations are then derived using Hamilton's principle. In the sequence, using finite element method, it is substantiated by comparison to examples given in literature in static, dynamic, and finally in an application where piezoelectric effects intervene, in order to assess its multiframework capabilities and deliver a convenient approach whereby beams constituted of smart or conventional materials can be efficiently studied.