bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic Signatures Influenced by Different Cardioplegic Solutions in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Karunasumetta Chananya , Chatgasem Chotika , Punchai Suriya , Sawanyawisuth Kittisak 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Cardioplegia is crucial for myocardial protection during cardiac surgery. However, the impact of different cardioplegia formulations on patients’ metabolomic responses has not been explored. The objective is to identify unique metabolomic signatures associated with each cardioplegia type and evaluate their potential correlations with clinical outcomes.

Methods:
A prospective cohort study was conducted from January 2023 to June 2024, involving 105 samples from 21 patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft with modified del Nido, Custodiol®, or St. Thomas cardioplegia. Pre- and postoperative plasma samples were collected for analysis of cardiac enzyme levels and proton nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomic profiling.

Results:
No significant differences in clinical outcomes or cardiac enzyme levels were observed between the groups. However, distinct pre-and postoperative metabolomic profiles were identified. The Custodiol group exhibited significant postoperative metabolomic changes within the first 2 days, with nine differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs). In contrast, modified del Nido cardioplegia affected three DEMs on postoperative day 0, whereas St. Thomas showed no alteration in the postoperative metabolomic profile. These DEMs were associated with protein and energy production, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. Key differential metabolites between the groups included histidine and alanine, which notably impacted the histidine metabolism pathway.

Conclusion:
The findings demonstrate that distinct cardioplegia solutions result in differential postoperative metabolomic alterations, with Custodiol exhibiting the most pronounced shifts, whereas St. Thomas cardioplegia showed no significant postoperative metabolic changes.
Evaluating generative pretraining transformer reliability in addressing dental trauma: A cross-sectional observational study on avulsion and intrusion
Authors: Bordin Rafael Wolanski , Bartnack Caio César , Westphalen Vânia Portela Ditzel , Gasparello Gil Guilherme , Bark Mohamad Jamal , Gava Thaís Nogueira , Tanaka Orlando Motohiro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized digital communication, enhancing interactions between humans and computers. This study explores the application of Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer 3.5 (ChatGPT-3.5), in providing accurate information on dental trauma.

Materials and Methods:
Utilizing a dataset of 45 self-generated questions across three topics, general dental trauma, avulsion, and intrusion, ChatGPT-3.5 generated responses that were subsequently evaluated by five endodontic experts, each with over a decade of experience. The evaluators used a Likert scale to assess the quality of the AI-generated answers, synthesizing reliable scientific evidence and clinical expertise to ensure a thorough analysis. The data obtained from the evaluators’ scores were organized and analyzed using Microsoft Excel software and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25. For each question, descriptive statistics including the median and interquartile range were computed.

Results:
The study found that ChatGPT provided reliable information across the three assessed dental topics. Avulsion was rated the highest (4.40 ± 0.717), significantly outperforming general dental trauma (3.97 ± 0.885) (P = 0.005). Intrusion received a rating of 4.13 ± 0.794, showing no significant difference compared to the other topics. Most evaluator scores fell into the “Good” (44.0%) and “Very Good” (38.7%) categories. This indicates a generally positive appraisal of ChatGPT’s performance, with a fair agreement among evaluators, evidenced by a combined Fleiss’s kappa coefficient of 0.324. However, there was variability, particularly with Evaluator 4’s scores differing significantly from those of evaluators 1 and 2.

Conclusions:
ChatGPT’s responses on general dental trauma, avulsion, and intrusion were generally rated positively, with avulsion responses deemed the most reliable. The study underscores the need for continuous evaluation to maintain the accuracy, reliability, and safety of AI-generated content in endodontics, suggesting AI should serve as a supplementary tool rather than a primary information source.
Qualitative and quantitative assessment of solite RE black and HyFlex remover systems for endodontic retreatment - An in vitro nano-computed tomography analysis
Authors: Valan Annie Sylvea , Solete Pradeep , Antony S. Delphine Priscilla , Ramamoorthi Surendar , Alasqah Mohannad , Arunachalam Vasaki 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The successful outcome of endodontic retreatment heavily relies on the thorough removal of root canal filling materials. This study aimed to quantitatively and qualitatively assess the efficacy of various retreatment file systems using nano-computed tomography (nano-CT) imaging.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty recently extracted human mandibular molars with mesial roots having curvatures <20° were chosen and sectioned to 16 mm in length. The root canals were prepared with the ProTaper Gold system up to size F2 and they were filled with gutta percha and AH Plus sealer. After obturation, all the samples were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 15 each) for retreatment: Group 1 utilized Solite RE Black retreatment files, while Group 2 employed Coltene HyFlex Remover files. Nano-CT imaging was employed to measure pre- and postoperative volumes of remaining filling material and remaining dentin thickness and the time taken for retreatment was measured in seconds. The obtained values were analyzed statistically (P < 0.05).

Results:
Nano-CT analysis showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the volume of remaining filling material between the Solite RE Black and Coltene HyFlex Remover groups. However, no significant difference was observed in the time required for gutta-percha removal. The Solite RE Black system showed comparatively less dentin removal than the Coltene HyFlex Remover system (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The Solite RE Black retreatment file system demonstrated promising efficacy in removing filling material while preserving dentin integrity compared to the Coltene HyFlex Remover system. These findings support its potential as an effective tool for endodontic retreatment, emphasizing the need for further clinical trials to validate its performance across various clinical scenarios.
Endodontic management of mandibular permanent canine with two roots and two root canals using cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Alfahadi Hadi Rajeh , Alyami Yahia Abdullah , Alkazman Fawaz Hamad , Al Fadhil Mohammed Hamad , Alyami Saleh Abdullah , Alyami Ali Mohammed , Alsalem Mohammed Faraj 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A thorough understanding of the root canal systems of various human teeth can facilitate successful root canal treatment. The mandibular canines typically have one root and one canal. Mandibular canines with two roots are uncommon. This case report describes the examination of occlusion erosion and deep caries that had reached the pulp chamber in the mandibular canine of a 56-year-old healthy Saudi female patient referred to the endodontic clinic for evaluating the left mandibular canine. Radiographic evaluation revealed a widening of the periodontal ligament and periapical radiolucency and the presence of two roots. Two roots with two root canals were observed on cone-beam computed tomography. The tooth responded to a sensitivity test and was tender upon percussion and palpation. Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis diagnosis were established, and nonsurgical root canal treatment was performed using a dental operating microscope. At follow-up, the patient’s symptoms had completely disappeared.
Antibacterial activity and smear layer removal efficiency of silver nanoparticles as a final irrigant against Enterococcus faecalis using confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Chandran Neena , Ramesh Sindhu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have garnered significant attention for their potent antibacterial properties, making them promising candidates for use as root canal irrigants in endodontics. The persistent presence of Enterococcus faecalis in treated root canals often leads to endodontic failures. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of neem-synthesized AgNPs, chemically synthesized AgNPs, sodium hypochlorite (2.25%), and saline solution in reducing viable bacteria and removing smear layers in E. faecalis-infected mandibular premolar teeth.

Materials and Methods:
After decoronation, mandibular premolar, single-rooted, teeth (120) were instrumented until ProTaper Gold F3. In all samples, inoculation of E. faecalis was done and divided into four groups depending on the irrigating solution used into Group A: neem-synthesized AgNPs, Group B: chemically synthesized AgNPs, Group C: sodium hypochlorite (2.25%), and Group D: saline solution. After irrigation, roots were divided longitudinally and analyzed for confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Data were statistically analyzed using Tukey’s honestly significant difference test.

Results:
The minimum reduction in live bacteria percentage was seen in Group C rather than Groups A and B; although there was no significant difference between them. Group D showed the maximum percentage of live bacteria and a greatest score of smear layer compared to other groups. In contrast to Group B, Group A scored higher, although the results were nonsignificant. Group C showed the least score of smear layer presence. The P value between the experimental groups was found to be <0.05, indicating statistical significance.

Conclusion:
Both neem-synthesized AgNp and sodium hypochlorite irrigants reduced the proportion of viable bacteria most significantly. This work demonstrates the possibility of employing nanoparticles as an irrigant that can effectively remove smear layers while also acting as an antimicrobial.
Use of bioactive glass in combination with or without calcium hydroxide changes the biological and mechanical properties of dentin: An in vitro study
Authors: Salkoska Yildizbas Azra , Uysal Betul Aycan , Kucuk Keles Oznur , Belli Sema 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is the most commonly used medicament in endodontics. This study aimed to investigate the effect of bioactive glass (BG) use with or without Ca(OH)2 on the biological and mechanical properties of dentin.

Materials and Methods:
Standard holes were created to simulate root canals on 84 dentin slices. Four groups were formed according to the medicament placed in the root canals: Ca(OH)2; Ca(OH)2 + 7% BG; BG and control. Scanning electron microscopy analysis to evaluate the dentin surfaces exposed to the test medicaments and energy dispersive X-ray analysis to observe apatite formation were used on the 1st, 7th, and 14th days. X-ray diffraction measurements were performed to investigate mineral phase formation. Microhardness and pH measurements were also carried out. Data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests (P < 0.05).

Results:
The Ca(OH)2 and control groups showed the highest Ca and P mineral content on the 14th day, whereas the lowest Ca and P content was found in the Ca(OH)2 + BG group (P < 0.05). A gradual decrease in crystal formation was found in the Ca(OH)2 + BG group from the 1st day to the 14th day. The highest microhardness measurements were also recorded in the Ca(OH)2 + BG group (P < 0.05). The Ca(OH)2 + BG group showed the highest pH measurements (P = 0.001).

Conclusions:
Ca(OH)2 + BG can be an alternative intracanal medicament. Further studies should be performed to determine the clinical implications of this combination.
Evaluating the effectiveness of cone-beam computed tomography reverse contrast images in the diagnosis of vertical root fractures: An in vitro pilot study
Authors: Mortazavi Samareh , Hasanpour Saeedeh , Anbiaee Najmeh , Rouhani Armita , Naghavi Neda , Babazadeh Saber , Shiezadeh Iman 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) reverse contrast images in the diagnosis of vertical root fractures (VRFs).

Materials and Methods:
In this study, 20 single-canal premolar teeth without cracks and internal resorption were selected and after root canal treatment, divided into two: experimental and control groups. In each of the teeth in the experimental group, an artificial fracture was created with the SANTAM device, then the teeth of both groups were randomly placed in the dental sockets of a dry mandible, and after preparing CBCT images of the teeth, the images were processed by reverse contrast software. Initial and reverse contrast images were examined by two radiologists and two endodontists. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22.

Results:
Observers reported higher sensitivity and positive and negative predictive value in normal contrast images than in reverse contrast images, but the specificity reported by endodontists in reverse contrast images was slightly higher than in normal contrast images. In comparing the results of radiologists and endodontists, there was a significant agreement in the review of the initial images (κ =0/59), but there was no significant agreement in the images with reverse contrast (κ = −0/1). There was not any notable distinction observed in the assessment of normal and reverse contrast images among the observers, nor in the comparison between radiologists and endodontists, except for the examination of normal contrast images by the two groups of radiologists and endodontists (P = 0.00). From this, it can be inferred that the diagnostic power of reverse contrast images in identifying VRFs is inferior to that of normal contrast images (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
According to the obtained results, it was concluded that reverse contrast CBCT images are not effective in diagnosing VRFs and cause error in diagnosis.
Comparative evaluation of smear layer removal and dentin wettability using 1% phytic acid with and without 0.2% chitosan nanoparticles: An in vitro study
Authors: Halkai Rahul , Halkai Kiran R. , Mahveen Syeda Uzma 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The success of endodontic treatment depends on the complete removal of the smear layer from the root canal and the enhanced wettability of the irrigants employed during treatment. However, none of the irrigants efficiently accomplish this; thus, the purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the elimination of the smear layer and wettability of root dentin using the combination of 0.2% Chitosan nanoparticles(CSN) with 1% phytic acid (PA).

Materials and Methods:
About 100 extracted single-rooted human premolar teeth were decoronated and standardized to 13 mm root length. Fifty specimens were tested for smear layer removal and another half for wettability (n = 50) after final irrigation in five groups: Group 1 – normal saline (control), Group 2 – 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), Group 3 – 17% EDTA with 0.2% CSN, Group 4 – 1% PA, and Group 5 – 1% PA with 0.2% CSN. After root canal instrumentation and final irrigation, the specimens were observed under scanning electron microscope for the smear layer. Wettability was determined using dentin blocks obtained (n = 50) by resecting the apical third of each specimen, treated with irrigants in aforementioned groups, and the contact angle was measured using a goniometer. Statistical analysis was done using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests (P < 0.05).

Results:
A combination of 1% PA with 0.2% CSN showed higher smear layer removal and increased wettability.

Conclusions:
The incorporation of 0.2% CSN to 1% PA was effective in removing the smear layer and increased the dentinal wettability.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding telemedicine in the people who have suffered from COVID-19: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shah Raj C. , Shah Smita A. 
Published: December 2024

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
Telemedicine is an affordable use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to enable healthcare services. COVID-19 has affected traditional in-person healthcare services. Hence, there was a need for the development of new strategies and approaches including telemedicine and telehealth. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge of telemedicine technology among the people after having suffered from COVID-19 infection, to possibly determine the future of this technology in our country, and to understand the barriers to the implementation of this technology.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A total of 200 people were enrolled in this cross-sectional study carried out for a period of 2 months. The data collection in the study was performed solely on the basis of self-administered questionnaire. Data were collected during a single instance when the participant agreed to enroll in the study. The study was continued until 200 satisfactory results were obtained from all the desired types of target population, and an appropriate and correct analysis of this topic could be made so that the objective of this study can be met successfully.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the study population was 36.01 years. Out of a total of 200 people, 141 (70.5%) people knew what telemedicine is, whereas 59 (29.5%) people did not know what telemedicine is. One hundred and thirty-two (66%) people did not use this technology before the COVID-19 pandemic hit the world. One hundred and seventy-seven (88.5%) people were satisfied with the treatment they were given using this technology. One hundred and twenty-six (63%) people thought that they were provided more attention by the doctor during the course of their treatment through telemedicine technology. One hundred and eighty-eight (94%) people found this technology reliable. 93.5% of people think that the implementation of telemedicine is necessary. In the prepandemic era, the majority of the people (63.5%) thought telemedicine was not so useful in treatment or in day-to-day life. In the postpandemic times, almost all (95.5%) of the population think that telemedicine is necessary and should be implemented and it can succeed in India.

CONCLUSION:
There was a great impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in changing people’s perspectives toward telemedicine technology. On comparing prepandemic and postpandemic times, now there is much-increased usage of telemedicine. There is an increase in the number of people who have the knowledge of this technology. People have a positive attitude toward telemedicine. These findings suggest that if implemented properly on a large scale, telemedicine would be welcomed by the people. However, there are some barriers that need to be addressed. There is a need to do research on the different possible challenges and to suggest methods to overcome them.
CUANTIFICACIÓN DE PLOMO Y CADMIO EN MUESTRAS ALIMENTARIAS USANDO VOLTAMPEROMETRIA DE REDISOLUCIÓN ANÓDICA
Authors: Álava Viteri J. Sebastian , Bravo Bustamante Juan , Montalvo Flores Andrea , Cevallos-Morillo Carlos 
Published: December 2024

A finales del año 2023, el Gobierno Ecuatoriano por medio de la Agencia Nacional de Regulación, Control y Vigilancia Sanitaria (ARSA), anunció la contaminacion con plomo de varios productos de consumo, como leche, harina y canela, así como sus derivados. Varios laboratorios e instituciones regularorias desarrollaron y aplicaron metodos precisos para la determinacion de este metal tóxico en este tipo de matrices. En este trabajo se presenta, un método fácil, de bajo costo para tratar muestras alimentarias y la medicion de Pb2+ y Cd2+, con fines de comparación y regulación sanitaria.
La determinación de los metales tóxicos, se realizó usando voltamperometría de onda cuadrada con redisolución anódica, empleando un electrodo de carbono vítreo recubierto con películas de bismuto, en medio ácido. Con parámetros experimentales se construyó la curva de calibración, donde se encontró una relacion lineal entre la corriente de pico y la concentración de plomo y cadmio. Se obtuvo, un límite de detección de 2,15 y 1,65 μM para Pb2+ y Cd2+ respectivamente. A continuación, se realizó un ensayo de intercomparación con Espectroscopía de Absorción Atómica. Finalmente, se utilizó este método electroquímico para la determinación de plomo y cadmio en seis muestras alimenticias diferentes.
Современные тенденции цифровизации государственного управления
Authors: Хламцов И.И. , Михеев А.С. , Кириченко А.О. 
Published: December 2024

В статье проанализированы аспекты влияния современных технологий на анализируемую сферу управления с выделением статистических данных по каждому из них. Представлены дальнейшие тенденции развития государственного управления под устойчивым влиянием цифровых технологий. Выделен ряд негативных аспектов, возникающих в процессе внедрения современных технологий в анализируемую сферу, создающих риски, способные как замедлить процесс интегрирования, так и парализовать всю работу органов государственного управления. С целью устранения негативных аспектов, а также общего совершенствования цифровизации управленческой деятельности органов государственной власти выделен ряд практических рекомендаций.
The article is about the development of public administration in the Russian Federation under the influence of global digitalization and automation. The current aspects of the influence of modern technologies on the analyzed sphere of management are analyzed with the allocation of statistical data for each of them. Further, potential trends in the development of public administration under the stable influence of digital technologies are presented. A number of negative aspects arising in the process of introducing modern technologies into the analyzed sphere are highlighted, creating a number of risks that can both slow down the integration process and paralyze the entire work of public administration bodies. In order to eliminate the negative aspects, as well as the general improvement of the digitalization of the management activities of public authorities, a number of practical recommendations are highlighted.