bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A potential inflammatory biomarker for advanced endometrial cancer treated with lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab
Authors: Yanazume Shintaro , Kobayashi Yusuke , Kirita Yukari , Kitazono Ikumi , Nagata Chikako , Kozai Ayumi , Tanimoto Akihide , Kobayashi Hiroaki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionTo identify prognostic biomarkers that could predict how well patients will respond to lenvatinib/pembrolizumab (LEN/PEM). The utility of certain inflammatory biomarkers in endometrial liquid‐based cytology (LBC) or peripheral blood samples, such as neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were explored.MethodsThe study included 25 patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer who had received LEN/PEM between August 2018 and March 2024. Predictors for overall response (OR), disease control, and progression‐free survival, based on neutrophil/lymphocyte counts, NLR scores of the endometrial LBC prior to initial treatment, and peripheral blood prior to initial treatment and prior to LEM/PEM treatment were compared using a receiver operating characteristic curve. Significant predictors were evaluated using the log‐rank test, and multivariate analysis.ResultsAlthough neutrophil counts and NLR score in endometrial LBC prior to initial treatment were better effective predictors for OR, the most accurate predictor of a progression‐free status was NLR score in peripheral blood prior to LEM/PEM (0.722, 95% CI: 0.45–0.99, sensitivity: 57.1%, specificity: 94.4%). In peripheral blood prior to LEN/PEM, the lower NLR (NLR <5.39) group had a significantly longer PFS than the higher NLR (5.39 ≤ NLR) group (p = 0.023, median survival: 13.5 vs. 3.0 months), and tended to be independently correlated with PFS (hazard ratio = 2.571; 95% CI = 0.857–7.719; p = 0.092).ConclusionInflammatory biomarkers in endometrial LBC failed to predict the efficacy of LEN/PEM, while peripheral blood NLR score sampled prior to LEN/PEM potentially could be a significant predictor.
Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific oligoclonal bands in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy
Authors: Föhr Junwei , Prümmer Julia K. , Maiolini Arianna , Marti Eliane , Jelcic Ilijas , Vidondo Beatriz , Ziegler Mario , Bathen‐Nöthen Andrea , Tipold Andrea , Volk Holger A. , Stein Veronika M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE), 33% develop resistance to conventional anti‐seizure medication (ASM) despite adequate treatment. In human medicine, an immune‐mediated etiology is suspected in a subset of ASM‐resistant patients with epilepsy and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)‐specific immunoglobulin G (IgG)‐type oligoclonal bands (OCBs) have been detected. In dogs, cases of autoimmune encephalitis recently were reported. Neuroinflammation may provide an additional explanation for the lack of response of certain dogs with IE to ASM.HypothesisCerebrospinal fluid‐specific OCBs are found in a subgroup of dogs with ASM‐resistant IE.AnimalsEighty‐four dogs with IE were recruited from 3 referral centers and classified based on their response to ASM treatment (responsive, n = 56; resistant, n = 28).MethodsDetection of OCBs was performed using isoelectric focusing (IEF) followed by immunoblotting. Associations of CSF‐specific OCBs with seizure type, severity, and response to ASM were calculated using logistic regression models.ResultsThe overall frequency of CSF‐specific OCBs in dogs with IE was 15.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.5%‐25%). In dogs with ASM‐resistant IE, 21.4% (6/28) had CSF‐specific OCBs compared with only 12.5% (7/56) in those responsive to ASM, but no evidence of an association was detected (odds ratio, 1.9; 95% CI, 0.57‐6.35; P = .29).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCerebrospinal fluid‐specific OCBs were detected in a subgroup of dogs with IE. This finding could indicate that intrathecal IgG synthesis as a sign of neuroinflammation may play a role in disease pathogenesis.
Comorbidities, long‐term outcome and poststroke epilepsy associated with ischemic stroke – A multicenter observational study of 125 dogs
Authors: Danciu Cecilia‐Gabriella , Gonçalves Rita , Caldero Carrete Jordina , Posporis Christoforos , Espinosa Javier , de Decker Steven , Gredal Hanne , Wyatt Sophie Elizabeth 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known regarding the comorbidities and prognostic factors associated with the long‐term outcome of ischemic stroke in dogs. Although poststroke epilepsy is a well‐recognized syndrome in people, it is unclear if this phenomenon also occurs in dogs.Hypothesis/objectiveDocument comorbidities, long‐term outcome (survival and stroke recurrence), and occurrence of epileptic seizures associated with ischemic stroke.AnimalsOne hundred and twenty‐five client‐owned dogs.MethodsMulticenter observational study including dogs diagnosed with ischemic stroke between 2000 and 2021. Associations between comorbidities, stroke location and extent, poststroke epileptic seizures, and long‐term outcome were investigated. Referring veterinarians and owners were contacted to obtain follow‐up information.ResultsFifty‐two dogs (41.6%) had a comorbidity. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (20%) and proteinuria (8%). Eight dogs (6.4%) that did not survive to discharge had a territorial ischemic stroke. Overall median survival time for dogs with a comorbidity was 482 days (range, 1‐3013) and 907 days (range, 1‐3027) in dogs without comorbidities (Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis P = .602). Twenty‐four dogs (19.2%) had a suspected stroke recurrence and a total of 8/109 dogs (7.3%) developed poststroke epilepsy. No association was found between suspected stroke recurrence or development of poststroke epilepsy and survival (P = .812, P = .487).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDespite no significant difference in survival of dogs diagnosed with ischemic stroke, with or without comorbidities, investigations for underlying causes are recommended to provide appropriate treatment. Poststroke epilepsy is uncommon.
Animal, Cadaver or Plastic? A Comparison of Models Used for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Training
Authors: Gray Emma , Hedayat‐Kelishadi Melika , Rowe Sally , Hesketh Patrick , Patel Neil 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of this paper was to assess the perceived usefulness of various training models (animal head, fresh frozen human cadaver head or plastic model) used for performing and teaching oral and maxillofacial surgery procedures, based on a survey of oral surgeons.MethodsFifty UK‐based oral surgeons working in a combination of primary care, secondary care and specialist practice were invited to complete an anonymised electronic questionnaire. Participants were questioned on their experience of three categories of simulated training models (animal head, human cadaver head or 3D‐printed/plastic model) for 11 specific oral and maxillofacial surgery procedures.ResultsFifty surveys were received, with an overall preference for training on cadaveric models reported by 76% of respondents. Animal models were preferred by 27%, and 3D models by just 9%. There were wide variations in experience, with respondents having most experience with animal models, and least with human cadavers.ConclusionOur study has shown human cadaver specimens were deemed preferable to animal heads or plastic models. However, cadavers are the most expensive and require specialist facilities. The animal head model is a cost‐effective and acceptable solution for surgical training for basic oral and maxillofacial surgery procedures. These are important factors to consider for dental educators when choosing simulated training models for teaching oral surgical procedures.
Effectiveness of Total Hip Arthroplasty Combined With Hip Braces for Hip Charcot Arthropathy
Authors: Chao Long‐Teng , Zhuang Teng‐Feng , Huan Song‐Wei , Luo Si‐Min , Wu Chong‐Jie , Wu Wen‐Rui , Zha Zhen‐Gang , Zhang Huan‐Tian , Liu Ning 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveCharcot arthropathy is characterized by varying degrees of sensory loss and rapidly progressive joint destruction. Historically, limited studies indicated that Charcot arthropathy of the hip joint may be a contraindication for total hip arthroplasty (THA). Yet, some recent studies have shown that good clinical results and acceptable survival rate. Hence, this study aimed to investigate clinical outcomes, radiographic outcomes, complication rates and survivorship of primary THA in Charcot arthropathy.MethodsWe retrospectively included 11 patients (11 hips) with Charcot arthropathy who underwent THA between 1998 and 2016. All involved patients were diagnosed as syphilis. All patients had classic radiographic findings of Charcot arthropathy. The hip braces were used in all patients for six weeks after surgery. Outcome measures included VAS, Oxford Hip Score, and UCLA score. Statistical analyses involved t‐tests, chi‐square tests, and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.ResultsThe average follow‐up period was 81.73 months. The average VAS, Oxford Hip Score, and UCLA score were improved significantly. There was higher complication rate of 45.5% after THA. Reoperation was carried out in two patients due to dislocation and acetabular component loosening. The Kaplan–Meier survivorship with an end point of reoperation for any reason was 81.8%.ConclusionsTHA is proved to be reasonable in improving hip joint function, which is suitable for patients with Charcot hip joint. Although the complication rate is high, we consider that THA combined with hip brace may be a valid treatment choice for Charcot arthropathy with detailed preoperative planning and proper precautions.
Differential impact of impaired steryl ester biosynthesis on the metabolome of tomato fruits and seeds
Authors: López‐Tubau Joan Manel , Laibach Natalie , Burciaga‐Monge Alma , Alseekh Saleh , Deng Cuiyun , Fernie Alisdair R. , Altabella Teresa , Ferrer Albert 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSteryl esters (SE) are a storage pool of sterols that accumulates in cytoplasmic lipid droplets and helps to maintain plasma membrane sterol homeostasis throughout plant growth and development. Ester formation in plant SE is catalyzed by phospholipid:sterol acyltransferase (PSAT) and acyl‐CoA:sterol acyltransferase (ASAT), which transfer long‐chain fatty acid groups to free sterols from phospholipids and acyl‐CoA, respectively. Comparative mass spectrometry‐based metabolomic analysis between ripe fruits and seeds of a tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv Micro‐Tom) mutant lacking functional PSAT and ASAT enzymes (slasat1xslpsat1) shows that disruption of SE biosynthesis has a differential impact on the metabolome of these organs, including changes in the composition of free and glycosylated sterols. Significant perturbations were observed in the fruit lipidome in contrast to the mild effect detected in the lipidome of seeds. A contrasting response was also observed in phenylpropanoid metabolism, which is down‐regulated in fruits and appears to be stimulated in seeds. Comparison of global metabolic changes using volcano plot analysis suggests that disruption of SE biosynthesis favours a general state of metabolic activation that is more evident in seeds than fruits. Interestingly, there is an induction of autophagy in both tissues, which may contribute along with other metabolic changes to the phenotypes of early seed germination and enhanced fruit tolerance to Botrytis cinerea displayed by the slasat1xslpsat1 mutant. The results of this study reveal unreported connections between SE metabolism and the metabolic status of plant cells and lay the basis for further studies aimed at elucidating the mechanisms underlying the observed effects.
Exploring Disney's Worlds Through Religious Studies
Authors: Eichler‐Levine Jodi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTOver the course of the last century (1923–2023), the Walt Disney Company has both catalyzed and reflected dizzying changes in the American cultural landscape—including religious ones. Scholars of Disney and religion often take one of three tactics to analyze this pairing: 1) Disney as religion 2) Disney depicting religion, or 3) Disney as influenced by religion. But all three of these ways of writing posit two separate, solid things called “Disney” and “religion; ” phenomena that meet and perhaps collide but remain distinct. This essay briefly reviews those methods, but it also thinks about the religious study of Disney through three other fluid, thematic approaches to the field: 1) Rituals, Spaces, Magic 2) Cultural Narratives, and 3) Corporate Forms and Disney Desires. In addition to summarizing prior research that is explicitly about Disney, I suggest how adjacent advances in religious studies can leads us to a nuanced study of what I will call the “Disney/religion nexus.” My goal is to expand, rather than reduce, the ways we think at this crossroads. This nexus fascinates precisely because it is not just Christianity, Buddhism, or Islam, nor is it Microsoft, Procter & Gamble, or Tesla. It has aspects of all these things, but it is something more. Disney is an assemblage of stories, people, places, and objects that don't fit into a traditional box, combining the religious flows people bring with them to Disney with the routinization and meaning making of this cultural titan.
Acceptability and feasibility of minimally invasive restorative procedures for patients with disability. A cohort study
Authors: Molina Gustavo F. , Zar Mariana , Ribba Laura , Mazzola Ignacio , Cabalén Maria Belén , Burrow Michael F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundUnmet caries treatment needs are prevalent among people with disability, partly due to difficulties of cooperation during conventional dental treatment. This cohort study compared atraumatic restorative treatment (ART), silver modified atraumatic restorative treatment (SMART), and conventional restorative treatment (CRT), in terms of feasibility and acceptability in patients referred for special care dentistry in a specialized university clinic.MethodsPatients referred for dental restorative care were treated using either ART, SMART, or CRT approach. Acceptance, feasibility, and complexity for the provision of care according to the BDA Case Mix Tool were assessed. ANOVA with Bonferroni correction and Chi‐square tests investigated differences in age, gender, and BDA scores. Spearman Logistic Regression was used to correlate treatment selection with BDA scores.ResultsFrom a total of 150 patients, 74 were included (20.6 ± 11.2 years of age) 26 chose ART, 35 SMART, 11 CRT and 2 were referred for sedation/GA. ART, SMART, and CRT were feasible for all patients who had selected these options, with optimal placement of restorations for all patients receiving ART, 95.8% of patients receiving SMART, and all patients receiving CRT. Local anesthesia was required for 4 of the 26 patients receiving ART and for the 11 patients receiving CRT, but not required for any of the patients receiving SMART (p = .001). BDA‐complexity scores were significantly higher for patients receiving SMART (OR 3.730, 95% CI 0.0∼1.82, p ≤ .001).ConclusionsART and SMART are feasible and acceptable approaches to restorative dental treatment in patients with a disability who have difficulty coping with conventional treatment. CRT is more likely to be selected by patients with lower BDA‐scores. The survival of the restorations should be assessed to determine the effectiveness of these options and further research is required to confirm the results of this pilot study in a larger population.
Using Self‐Reported Training Characteristics to Better Understand Who Is More Likely to Sustain Running‐Related Injuries Than Others: The Garmin‐RUNSAFE Running Health Study
Authors: Abrahamson Josefin , Lindman Ida , Eriksen Mathilde Birksoe , Kibsgaard Albert , Nielsen Rasmus Oestergaard 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRunning is a popular form of physical activity, yet it comes with risks, including running‐related injuries (RRIs). This cohort study aimed to use self‐reported baseline data on running experience, weekly running frequency, greatest running distance in 1 week, and running program to investigate if certain adult runners were more likely to sustain RRI than others. Runners, aged ≥ 18 years, familiar with the English language and using a Garmin watch to track their running were included. Running data and injury status were collected prospectively through the Garmin Connect application and weekly questionnaires over 18 months. Exposure variables were self‐reported running experience (years), weekly running frequency and distance, and use of structured running program (last 3 months before inclusion). The outcome was RRI. Time to event statistics was used to calculate cumulative risk differences (cRD) within groups of each exposure. Data were analyzed at 1000 km (km). A total of 7391 runners were included. The cumulative injury proportion was 57.8% [95% CI: 56.4%; 59.2%] after 1000 km. Those running > 105 km (cRD = −31.6, 95% CI −23.1; −40.1), 7 times per week (cRD = −47.1, 95% CI −35.9; −58.3) and followed a structured running program (cRD = 4.4; 95% CI 0.9; 7.8) had the fewest new RRIs. For running experience, those with few (< 1 years) or many years (> 40 years) of experience had the most RRIs. Runners were more prone to sustain an RRI if they had few (< 1) or many (> 40) years of running experience, lower total weekly running frequency (< 2 times/week), shorter weekly running distance (< 25 km), or did not use a structured running program.
HLA‐DRB1*14:270 and ‐DPA1*01:222 Identified by Next‐Generation Sequencing in Russian Bone Marrow Donors
Authors: Leonov Evgeny , Khamaganova Ekaterina , Kuzminova Elena , Khizhinskiy Stanislav , Parovichnikova Elena 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTwo novel alleles, HLA‐DRB1*14:270 and HLA‐DPA1*01:222, were discovered in Russian individuals.
Trainee Autonomy and Supervision in the Inpatient Clinical Learning Environment
Authors: Conner Stephanie M. , Choi Nancy , Fuller Jessica , Daya Sneha , Barish Peter , Rennke Stephanie , Harrison James D. , Narayana Sirisha 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundBalancing autonomy and supervision during medical residency is important for trainee development while ensuring patient safety. In the increasingly complex inpatient clinical learning environment, tension exists when this balance is skewed. In this study, we aimed to understand current and ideal states of autonomy and supervision and then describe factors that contribute to imbalance from both trainee and attending perspectives.MethodsA sequential mixed‐methods design included surveys and focus groups of trainees and attendings at three institutionally affiliated hospitals between May 2019 and June 2020. Survey responses were compared using t‐tests, chi‐square tests or Fisher's exact tests. Open‐ended survey and focus group data were analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsSurvey response rate was 42% (76/182) for trainees and 49% (101/208) for attendings. Fourteen trainees and 32 attendings participated in 14 focus groups. Trainees perceived current culture to be significantly more autonomous than attendings; both groups described ‘ideal’ culture as more autonomous than current state. Focus group analysis revealed five core contributors to the balance of autonomy and supervision: attending, trainee, patient, interpersonal and institutional. These factors were found to be complex and interactive and require frequent adjustment to avoid tension.ConclusionsTrainees and attendings agree that resident autonomy should be prioritized more than it currently is. Attendings, trainees and patients contribute to a complex dynamic between autonomy and supervision, further impacted by both interpersonal and institutional factors, in the inpatient clinical learning environment. Capturing complex interactions between individual factors that impact this dynamic is critical to understanding and optimization by both trainees and attending.
Restorative Justice Practices as a Foundation for Medical Education Innovation
Authors: Klasson Christopher L. , Shibli‐Rahhal Amal , Ortiz Eric , Raghuram Ashrita , Behel Jay , Gregory Ada , Bernat Carrie , Castillo Nicole del 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRestorative justice (RJ) is an ethical lens that places emphasis on a community's connection and proliferative impact of actions, promoting communication and establishing methods for accountability. RJ practices can be applied on a spectrum, including proactive community‐building practices, community discussions in response to an event, and restorative conferences addressing specific incidences of harm. This article describes an intervention that utilized RJ community‐building practices within a medical education environment and evaluates its acceptability and feasibility.ApproachDuring the summer of 2023, RJ interventions were planned, executed and assessed within two programmes involving pre–matriculant medical students, physician–assistant studies students and undergraduate students. The interventions utilized community‐building circles within small group activities. Capacity building included training for facilitators. Ninety‐five students participated in the RJ circles.EvaluationEvaluation included mixed methods pre‐ and post‐intervention surveys as well as qualitative interviews. Ten students (11%) responded to the pre‐intervention survey, and 17 responded to the post‐intervention survey (18%). Seven responses were obtained from interviews and qualitative surveys. Overall, participant survey responses indicated increased feelings of connection and perceptions of mutual understanding and that the programme provided adequate space to share one's perspective. Qualitative content analysis emphasized community building through RJ circles and their ability to promote connection, meaningful vulnerability, foster peer support and a desire to continue these activities.ImplicationsRJ interventions within medical education environments are feasible and show considerable promise. Participants consistently noted the benefits of greater connection between peers, feelings of support and a desire for these practices to continue.
Galois groups of random polynomials over the rational function field
Authors: Entin Alexei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFor a fixed prime power and natural number , we consider a random polynomial
with drawn uniformly and independently at random from the set of all polynomials in of degree . We show that with probability tending to 1 as the Galois group of over is isomorphic to , where is cyclic, and are small quantities with a simple explicit dependence on . As a corollary we deduce that as . Thus, we are able to overcome the versus ambiguity in the most natural restricted coefficients random polynomial model over , which has not been achieved over so far.