bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amplification and Tuning of Ground Motion at the Outer Cascadia Accretionary Prism
Authors: Davis Earl E. , Farrugia Joseph J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGround‐motion amplification in the outer Cascadia subduction zone accretionary prism has been documented previously by comparing earthquake and microseismic vertical ground‐motion and pressure records from an ONC/NEPTUNE Canada cabled observatory site on the outer prism to those from a site on the flank of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Since then, four additional instruments became operational, and data, now spanning 10 years, include more than 100 large (Mw > 7) distant earthquakes. Well‐tuned response at the outer prism sites is observed in both vertical and horizontal components, with peaks in the spectral ratio of vertical velocity relative to nearby ocean crustal and continental bedrock sites (V/Vref) at 9 s, and in the intra‐site horizontal to vertical spectral ratio horizontal‐to‐vertical spectral ratio at 14 s, both with band widths of ±10% to 15% at half amplitude. The vertical response is consistent with ¼ wavelength compressional wave reinforcement, while the horizontal motion tuning most likely reflects the effects of the low velocity prism sediments on surface‐wave propagation. At the periods of maximum relative motion, outer prism surface‐wave vertical and horizontal accelerations are enhanced by factors of up to 15 and 25, respectively. Similar behaviour is seen in microseismic records from these sites, and, to a lesser extent, in earthquake records from temporarily deployed Cascadia Initiative seismometers along the outer Cascadia prism to the south. Such tuning and amplification must be accounted for when assessing the dynamic behavior of the prism and its basal fault at the time of large local earthquakes.
Tropical Cyclone Wind Speed Estimation From Satellite Altimeter‐Derived Ocean Parameters
Authors: Sharoni Syarawi M. H. , Md Reba Mohd Nadzri , Hossain Mohammad Shawkat 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the satellite altimeter‐derived ocean parameters from Joint Altimetry Satellite Oceanography Network (Jason)‐2 and Jason‐3 response to the coincident wind speed at 10 m from sea surface (U10) from Meteorological Operational (MetOp)‐A and MetOp‐B satellite scatterometers inside the tropical cyclone environment. The high wind speed regime and rainy condition inside the tropical cyclone have reduced the U10 accuracy and thus, would benefit from more ocean related parameters to be considered. The altimeter Ku‐band backscatter and significant wave height are commonly used to estimate extreme U10 but still show significant error in rainy tropical cyclone. New U10 models incorporating several Jasons derived ocean parameters (including brightness temperatures and water content) were designed by the multiple linear regression and artificial neural network techniques. Parameter analysis indicated that the C‐band backscatter outperforms the Ku‐band counterpart in relation to U10 inside the tropical cyclone. The proposed models show U10 estimation up to 35 ms−1 with 1 ms−1 accuracy and major improvement inside the tropical cyclone rain and at the high wind speed regime. This too shows the ability of satellite altimeter in estimating U10 in extreme environment with great accuracy.
Archetypes and Controls of Riverine Nutrient Export Across German Catchments
Authors: Ebeling Pia , Kumar Rohini , Weber Michael , Knoll Lukas , Fleckenstein Jan H. , Musolff Andreas 
Published: March 2021

AbstractElevated nutrient inputs challenge the health and functioning of aquatic ecosystems. To improve riverine water quality management, it is necessary to understand the underlying biogeochemical and physical processes, anthropogenic drivers and their interactions at catchment scale. We hypothesize that the spatial heterogeneity of nutrient sources dominantly controls the variability of in‐stream concentration dynamics among catchments. We investigated controls of mean nitrate (NO3−), phosphate (PO43−), and total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations and concentration‐discharge (C‐Q) relationships in 787 German catchments of a newly assembled data base, covering a wide range of physiographic and anthropogenic settings. We linked water quality metrics to catchment characteristics using partial least squares regressions and random forests. We found archetypalC‐Qpatterns with enrichment dominating NO3−and TOC, and dilution dominating PO43−export. Both the mean NO3−concentrations and their variance among sites increased with agricultural land use. We argue that subsurface denitrification can buffer high nitrogen inputs and cause a decline in concentration with depth, resulting in chemodynamic, strongly positiveC‐Qpatterns. Mean PO43−concentrations were related to point sources, though the low predictive power suggests effects of unaccounted in‐stream processes. In contrast, high diffuse agricultural inputs explained observed positive PO43−C‐Qpatterns. TOC levels were positively linked to the abundance of riparian wetlands, while hydrological descriptors were important for explaining TOC dynamics. Our study shows a strong modulation of anthropogenic inputs by natural controls for NO3−and PO43−concentrations and dynamics, while for TOC only natural controls dominate observed patterns across Germany.
USP19 modulates cancer cell migration and invasion and acts as a novel prognostic marker in patients with early breast cancer
Authors: Rossi Fabiana Alejandra , Enriqué Steinberg Juliana Haydeé , Calvo Roitberg Ezequiel Hernán , Joshi Molishree Umesh , Pandey Ahwan , Abba Martin Carlos , Dufrusine Beatrice , Buglioni Simonetta , De Laurenzi Vincenzo , Sala Gianluca , Lattanzio Rossano , Espinosa Joaquín Maximiliano , Rossi Mario 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTumor cell dissemination in cancer patients is associated with a significant reduction in their survival and quality of life. The ubiquitination pathway plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis both in normal and stressed conditions and its dysregulation has been associated with malignant transformation and invasive potential of tumor cells, thus highlighting its value as a potential therapeutic target. In order to identify novel molecular targets of tumor cell migration and invasion we performed a genetic screen with an shRNA library against ubiquitination pathway-related genes. To this end, we set up a protocol to specifically enrich positive migration regulator candidates. We identified the deubiquitinase USP19 and demonstrated that its silencing reduces the migratory and invasive potential of highly invasive breast cancer cell lines. We extended our investigation in vivo and confirmed that mice injected with USP19 depleted cells display increased tumor-free survival, as well as a delay in the onset of the tumor formation and a significant reduction in the appearance of metastatic foci, indicating that tumor cell invasion and dissemination is impaired. In contrast, overexpression of USP19 increased cell invasiveness both in vitro and in vivo, further validating our findings. More importantly, we demonstrated that USP19 catalytic activity is important for the control of tumor cell migration and invasion, and that its molecular mechanism of action involves LRP6, a Wnt co-receptor. Finally, we showed that USP19 overexpression is a surrogate prognostic marker of distant relapse in patients with early breast cancer. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that USP19 might represent a novel therapeutic target in breast cancer.
A polymer-coated template-confinement CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dot composite
Authors: Shen Jianhua , Wang Yu , Zhu Yihua , Gong Yiqin , Li Chunzhong 
Published: March 2021

CsPbBr3 QDs are in situ grown in mesoporous SiO2 microsphere due to confinement effect and work as photoinitiator to realize photocatalytic polymerization of CLA. The composite material maintain optical performance and have great water resistance.
Exponential sampled‐data fuzzy stabilization of nonlinear systems and its application to basic buck converters
Authors: Gunasekaran Nallappan , Zhai Guisheng , Yu Qiang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study focuses on the exponential stability and stabilization of nonlinear systems via fuzzy sampled‐data control technique. The stability and stabilization conditions are obtained through constructing suitable Lyapunov functional which contains the sampling information and the solvable linear matrix inequalities. Then, the dynamics of the nonlinear buck converter system and Lorenz system with the sampled‐data controller is analyzed and designed. Finally, the proposed method is validated with a basic buck converter system model designed to reflect the characteristics of the power metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistors in the numerical section. In addition, the superiority of the sufficient conditions obtained is shown by comparing with the existing methods of the Lorentz system.
A L2‐gain robust PID‐like protocol for time‐varying output formation‐containment of multi‐agent systems with external disturbance and communication delays
Authors: De Tommasi Gianmaria , Lui Dario Giuseppe , Petrillo Alberto , Santini Stefania 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper addresses the time‐varying output formation‐containment control problem for homogeneous high‐order linear Multi‐Agent Systems (MASs). In this context, a PID‐like output‐feedback control strategy is proposed capable to guarantee that all followers reach and maintain a time‐varying formation reference behaviour, as imposed by the multiple leaders, while keeping a prescribed offset with respect to it. Moreover, the proposed approach allows dealing with both communication impairments and external disturbances acting on agents dynamics. The asymptotic stability of the closed‐loop MAS is analytically proved by means of a Lyapunov–Krasovskii approach. Stability conditions are expressed as a feasibility problem with Linear Matrix Inequalities constraints, whose solution provides the proper tuning of the robust PID control gains. Extensive numerical analysis confirms the theoretical framework and discloses the effectiveness of the proposed approach in ensuring the output time‐varying formation‐containment.
A keypoint‐based object detection method with wide dual‐path backbone network and attention modules
Authors: Qu Zhong , Zhang Run , Bao Kang‐hua 
Published: March 2021

AbstractKeypoint‐based object detection is one of the most efficient and speedy methods at present, yet its performance is often worse than the anchor‐based method. Without prior settings in the keypoint‐based method, the huge search space of the keypoints results in the high recall but low precision. In this paper, the wide dual‐path backbone network is introduced as a feature extractor to extract richer original information, which has fewer parameters and better classification performance. Then, the attention fusion module is designed to effectively fuse the dual‐path with the consideration of the respective advantages of the residual‐path and the densely connected path. In order to provide more accurate pixel‐level information for keypoint prediction, the upsample dual‐attention module is proposed to recover the spatial size of the feature map, which integrates multi‐scale of channel‐wise and spatial attention. Compared with other state‐of‐the‐art detectors, this method has achieved accuracy‐efficiency results with fewer parameters, lower FLOPs, and smaller model size. Experimental results show that the proposed wide dual‐path backbone network has achieved 4.98% top1‐error on the CIFAR‐10 classification dataset. On the PASCAL VOC object detection dataset, this model has achieved an accuracy‐efficiency tradeoff result of 78.3% mAP at the speed of 41 FPS.
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in Non-Traumatic Abdominal Emergencies
Authors: Cozzi Diletta , Agostini Simone , Bertelli Elena , Galluzzo Michele , Papa Emanuela , Scevola Germano , Trinci Margherita , Miele Vittorio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractConventional ultrasound imaging (US) is the first-line investigation in acute non-traumatic abdominal emergencies, but sometimes it needs further examinations, such as computed tomography (CT), to reach a certain diagnosis. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), through injection of contrast medium, may provide the radiologist with additional information that could not be investigated with baseline US. It could help reach a diagnosis and rapidly determine the proper therapy in an emergency setting. The purpose of this review is to explain and illustrate the various possibilities and limitations of CEUS in acute non-traumatic abdominal diseases, in particular acute inflammation, parenchymal infarcts, and hemorrhages.
Clinical Awareness and Acceptance of Sonographically Diagnosed Epiploic Appendagitis (EA): A Retrospective Analysis of EA in a Single Tertiary Academic Referral Center
Authors: Safai Zadeh Ehsan , Kindermann Julia , Dietrich Christoph F. , Görg Christian , Bleyl Tobias , Alhyari Amjad , Trenker Corinna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose To describe the clinical awareness and acceptance of ultrasound-diagnosed acute epiploic appendagitis (EA) and their importance to avoid unnecessary therapeutic and imaging measures.
Patients and Methods The data were obtained of n=54 patients with acute, localized, peritonitic pain and EA diagnosed by B-mode ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination from November 2003 to September 2020. All examinations were performed by a German Society for Ultrasound in Medicine (DEGUM) Level III qualified examiner. Based on documentation by the treating physicians, the clinical awareness and acceptance of EA diagnosis was determined in all patients and compared between subgroups diagnosed before 2013 and from 2013 onwards. In 2013, a local educational training program regarding the diagnosis of and therapy for EA was initiated for physicians.
Results In all patients, EA was sonographically diagnosed by a DEGUM level III qualified examiner. At enrollment, EA was mentioned as a suspected clinical diagnosis in n=1/54 (1.9%) patient. Furthermore, in n=39/54 (72.2%) cases, the EA was documented and accepted by the treating physicians at the time of patient discharge as the final clinical diagnosis. The clinical acceptance was significantly higher from 2013 onwards compared with before 2013 (p<0.05). Moreover, in n=26/54 (48.1%) patients, unnecessary therapeutic measures were initiated, with no significant difference between pre-2013 and post-2013 numbers (p>0.05).
Conclusion In our retrospective study, we showed that awareness and acceptance of the disease EA are low. Low diagnostic acceptance of EA by the clinician leads to unnecessary therapeutic and imaging measures and is a general problem related to rare diseases in the healthcare system.
Investigating the Mediatory Role of Hope and Shame in the Relationship between Caregiver Burden and Quality of Life of Patients with Cancer
Authors: Shahvand Touraj , Sarafraz Mehdi Reza 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective Patients suffering from cancer need to receive care from their family; however, their family caregivers do this without preparation or training, so their involvement in patients’ care results in a caregiving burden that may affect patient’s hope and quality of life (QOL).
Methods This study examines the effect of caregiving burden on the QOL of cancer patients (n = 100) with the mediatory role of hope and shame. To achieve this, Persian versions of Zarit Burden Interview, the World Health Organization QOL, Herth Hope Index, and Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale were used. Meanwhile, path regression analysis was implemented to analyze the relationship between caregiving burden and QOL.
Results The results implied a relation among caregiver burden, hope, and QOL of patients diagnosed with cancer. It was found that there is a direct and negative relationship between caregiver burden and hope. In addition, there was an indirect and positive relationship between caregiver burden and QOL. Hope and QOL also had a high correlation. Besides, it was shown that there was a negative relationship between the shame experienced by patients and their hope and QOL.
Conclusion caregiver burden was proved to be influential and negatively affected the factor for the QOL. Besides, patients’ hope decreases while caregiving burden increases; this will in turn affect patients’ recovery and their physical, mental, and cognitive functions. This study provides a foundation for future research in this critical area for oncology.
Indications for Preservation Rhinoplasty: Avoiding Complications
Authors: Ferraz Mario Bazanelli Junqueira , Sella Guilherme Constante Preis 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNasal dorsal preservation surgery was described more than 100 years ago, but recently has gained prominence. Our objective is to show the surgical technique, the main indications and counterindications, and the complications. It is a technique that does not cause the detachment of the upper lateral cartilage (ULC) from the nasal septum, and has the main following sequence: preparation of the septum and its resection can be at different levels (high or low, i.e., SPAR [septum pyramidal adjustment and repositioning] A or B); preparation of the pyramid; transversal osteotomy; lateral osteotomy(s); and septopyramidal adjustment. The result is a nose with a lower radix than the original, a deprojection of the nasal dorsum tending to maintain its original shape; an increase in the interalar distance (IAD) and enlargement of the nasal middle ⅓; and loss of projection of the nasal tip and roundness of the nostrils. Thus, the ideal candidate is the one who benefits from such side effects, that is: tension nose, that is, high radix with projected dorsum, projected anterior nasal septal angle (ANSA), narrow middle ⅓, narrow IAD, thin nostrils and straight perpendicular plate of the ethmoid (PPE), and, depending on the characteristics, the deviated nose. The counterindications are low radix, irregularities in the nasal dorsum, ANSA lower than rhinion, and a wide middle ⅓. And the main stigmas are: a nose with a very low radix, middle ⅓ enlarged, residual hump, and saddling of the supratip area. Other issues of this technique are: the shape of the radix; the need or not to remove PPE; wide dorsum; irregular dorsum; ANSA lower than rhinion; weak cartilages; long nasal bone; deviated PPE; and obsessive patient. We conclude that this is a great technique for noses with characteristics suitable to it; care must be taken with the stigmas it can cause.
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of the Sphenoid Sinus Anatomy for Presurgical Planning with Free OSIRIX Software
Authors: Abarca-Olivas Javier , Bärtschi Patrick , Monjas-Cánovas Irene , González-López Pablo , García-Garrigós Elena , Sánchez-Payá Jose , Moreno-López Pedro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background A preoperative three-dimensional (3D) surgical field understanding remains a key factor to achieve safer endonasal transsphenoidal endoscopic approaches (ETSE). The aim of this article is to describe how we can get a reliable 3D sphenoidal anatomical reconstruction for surgical planning by using a user-friendly, accurate, and free image software.
Methods Free computer software (OSIRIX Medical Imaging Software) was used to create in a personal computer a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the sphenoid sinus (SS) based on head computed tomography angiographies (CTAs) from a series of 67 patients who were operated for sellar tumors during a 4-year period (March 2016 to March 2020). The aim of the 3D reconstruction with OSIRIX was to reveal preoperatively the most important intrasphenoidal structures seen from the endonasal point of view.
Results The intraoperative visible sphenoidal structures were previously recognized in the virtual 3D reconstructed image with 100% of specificity (SP) and positive predictive value. The OSIRIX view by using region of interest points allowed us to see preoperatively the internal carotid artery parasellar course even in those cases in which it was hidden by bone or tumor. Moreover, the 3D reconstruction was able to provide a clear differentiation between the tumor and the pituitary gland when both structures were in contact with the sellar floor.
Conclusion Our experience with the OSIRIX software from CTA as preoperative planning for endonasal pituitary surgery was valuable, because it gave us access in simple way to a free and reliable 3D image of the SS.
Force analysis of HTS bulk in a reversed magnetic field
Authors: Hong Wei , Xin Ying , Wang Changqi , Li Wenxin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the study of high temperature superconducting maglev, the analysis of the forces acted on a high temperature superconductor (HTS) bulk is a basic issue, which can directly reflect the levitation and guidance performances of an HTS maglev system. In previous studies, the electromagnetic guideway was verified to be an alternative guideway type for HTS maglev. Recently, we carried out experimental and simulation work to investigate how a field cooled HTS bulk to interact with a reversed magnetic field. An E-type electromagnet is used to generate the required magnetic field. During the field reversing, forces acted on the HTS bulk were measured with a 3D force measuring system. In this paper, the forces on an HTS bulk in a reversed magnetic field are analyzed according to the experimental data and the results of finite element simulation. The magnetized status of a field cooled HTS bulk in a reversed magnetic field is discussed with a two region supposition. The influences of a reversed magnetic field on HTS maglev are summarized. These results may be of great significance not only for further study of HTS maglev, but also for some other applications, such as superconducting magnetic bearing and superconducting magnetic shielding.
Silver Book II: an international framework for urgent care of older people in the first 72 hours from illness or injury
Authors: Hullick Carolyn J , McNamara Rosa , Ellis Brittany 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The new edition of the Silver Book, Silver Book II, provides a framework for the urgent care of older people in the first 72 hours from illness or injury. It incorporates principles of geriatric medicine, quality improvement (including patient reported outcome measures) and interdisciplinary care in a balanced, practical and evidence-rich manual on unscheduled and emergent care for older adults. Silver Book II shows how frailty, comprehensive geriatric assessment and shared decision-making can be locally adapted according to national practice and policy across the world. The challenge for all providers is adapting our models of care to meet the changing needs of older patients and their caregivers as well as changes in the delivery of medical care in the 21st century.
A simple strategy to monitor the temporal and spatial distribution of alkaloids in sacred lotus leaves
Authors: Liu Jing , Shi Kaifeng , Shi Jia , Feng Yunluan , Hao Chenyang , Peng Jing , Chen Sha 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTOwing to the high degree of diversity of metabolite pools and complexity of spatial and temporal distributions within biological tissues, currently available methods for metabolite characterization face large challenges. In this study, the temporal and spatial distributions of the alkaloid components of the medicinal plant lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) were investigated over various growth phases. The results showed that alkaloid biosynthesis in lotus leaf is regulated by development and that there is maximum accumulation of alkaloids when the lotus leaf was completely expanded. Furthermore, alkaloid content tended to be stable in mature lotus leaves. However, there was significant variation in the alkaloid content of lotus leaves with different genotypes, suggesting that genetic background is an important factor that affects the temporal and spatial distributions of alkaloids in sacred lotus leaves. The dynamic contents of alkaloids during the growth and development of lotus leaves provide insight into basic biological differences when sampling.