bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appraising Indigenous cultural safety within healthcare: Protocol of a scoping review of reviews
Authors: Chakanyuka Christina , Bacsu Juanita‐Dawne R. , Desroches Andrea , Walker Jennifer , O’connell Megan E. , Dame Jessy , Carrier Leah , Symenuk Paisly , Crowshoe Lynden , Bourque Bearskin Lisa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThe objective of this scoping review of reviews will be to synthesize the existing literature to identify key elements, conceptualizations and interventions of cultural safety to improve healthcare for Indigenous Peoples.DesignEligible studies will include reviews (e.g. scoping reviews, systematic reviews and narrative reviews) focused on Indigenous cultural safety in healthcare.MethodsGuided by Weber‐Pillwax's Indigenous principles of relationality and Arksey and O’Malley's scoping review framework, a review of reviews will be conducted by searching peer‐reviewed literature published between January 2010 and December 2020. The database search will include CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. This scoping review protocol was registered with the Joanna Briggs Institute on January 28, 2021.DiscussionThere is a paucity of knowledge on existing interventions and implementation strategies to support Indigenous cultural safety within the healthcare system. Improving Indigenous cultural safety in healthcare requires a comprehensive understanding of its core components and the specific interventions.ImpactThis review will help guide future research and enhance cultural safety interventions for Indigenous Peoples, including Indigenous Peoples with diverse genders and sexualities. The findings from this review will provide critical insight and knowledge to inform cultural safety policies, programs and practices to support healthcare for Indigenous populations.
Impact of the treatment of periodontitis on systemic health and quality of life: A systematic review
Authors: Orlandi Marco , Muñoz Aguilera Eva , Marletta Debora , Petrie Aviva , Suvan Jean , D'Aiuto Francesco 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate the effect of treatment of periodontitis on systemic health outcomes, pregnancy complications, and associated quality of life.Materials and methodsSystematic electronic searches were conducted to identify randomized controlled trials with minimum 6‐month follow‐up and reporting on the outcomes of interest. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed as deemed suitable.ResultsMeta‐analyses confirmed reductions of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) [0.56 mg/L, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−0.88, −0.25), p < .001]; interleukin (IL)‐6 [0.48 pg/ml, 95% CI (−0.88, −0.08), p = .020], and plasma glucose [1.33 mmol/l, 95% CI (−2.41, −0.24), p = .016], and increase of flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) [0.31%, 95% CI (0.07, 0.55), p = .012] and diastolic blood pressure [0.29 mmHg, 95% CI (0.10, 0.49), p = .003] 6 months after the treatment of periodontitis. A significant effect on preterm deliveries (<37 weeks) was observed [0.77 risk ratio, 95% CI (0.60, 0.98), p = .036]. Limited evidence was reported on quality‐of‐life (QoL) outcomes in the included studies.ConclusionsTreatment of periodontitis results in systemic health improvements including improvement in cardiometabolic risk, reduction in systemic inflammation and the occurrence of preterm deliveries. Further research is however warranted to confirm whether these changes are sustained over time. Further, appropriate QoL outcomes should be included in the study designs of future clinical trials.
Does female labor scarcity encourage innovation? Evidence from China's gender imbalance
Authors: Chen Taoran , Tan Zhibo , Zhang Xiaobo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper studies how the scarcity of different types of workers in a region shapes firm innovation across industries, using the unbalanced regional sex ratios in China as a source of identification strategy. The empirical results show that the shortage of female workers has spurred firms in female‐intensive industries to innovate more, particularly in industries with low substitution between female and male workers, consistent with the price effect of the directed technical change theory. In male‐intensive industries with high elasticity of substitution and regions with more skewed local sex ratios, firms are more innovative, demonstrating that the market size effect of the directed technical change theory is also at play.
Extended pre‐release holding with raspberry ketone and methoprene as supplements: Field performance of Bactrocera tryoni males
Authors: Biswas Md Jamil Hossain , Rempoulakis Polychronis , Benelli Maurizio , Adnan Saleh Mohammad , Allen Andrew P. , Taylor Phillip W. , Mainali Bishwo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) programs, the released sterile insects must attain sexual maturity at an early adult age so that a large proportion survive to mature and contribute to reducing reproduction of pest populations. Previous field studies based on release of adult Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (‘Q‐fly’), at 2 days of age found a significant increase in the recapture of mature male Q‐flies when they were provided methoprene or raspberry ketone (RK) before release. SIT for Q‐flies has subsequently adopted release at 5 days of age; there is now a contextual need to re‐assess the merit of methoprene and RK supplements. We assessed field abundance and dispersal of mature sterile male Q‐flies that had been held for 5 days on pre‐release standard diets of sugar and yeast hydrolysate (3:1) (control) with and without methoprene or RK supplements. Overall, the proportion of control‐ and RK‐treated flies recaptured was higher than the proportion of methoprene‐treated flies recaptured. We found no evidence that either methoprene or RK supplements yielded improvements over the control diet alone concerning abundance and dispersal of the male Q‐flies. Laboratory studies indicate that while the doses of methoprene (control + methoprene at 0.05% or 0.5%) and RK (control + RK at 1.25% or 5%) used in field releases at 2 days of age did not affect male longevity when sustenance was provided, these doses resulted in reduced longevity when no sustenance was provided. Furthermore, all doses of methoprene and RK used in field releases at 5 days of age reduced male longevity regardless of sustenance. At 5 days of age, the flies are already in an advanced state of maturity when released and in this context, it appears that additional pre‐release treatments of methoprene and RK provide no further improvement and may even be detrimental when nutrition is scarce.
Accounting for frailty and multimorbidity when interpreting high‐sensitivity troponin I tests in oldest old
Authors: Ticinesi Andrea , Nouvenne Antonio , Cerundolo Nicoletta , Prati Beatrice , Parise Alberto , Tana Claudio , Rendo Martina , Guerra Angela , Meschi Tiziana 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundOlder patients evaluated in Emergency Departments (ED) for suspect Myocardial Infarction (MI) frequently exhibit unspecific elevations of serum high‐sensitivity troponin I (hs‐TnI), making interpretation particularly challenging for emergency physicians. The aim of this longitudinal study was to identify the interaction of multimorbidity and frailty with hs‐TnI levels in older patients seeking emergency care.MethodsA group of patients aged≥75 with suspected MI was enrolled in our acute geriatric ward immediately after ED visit. Multimorbidity and frailty were measured with Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), respectively. The association of hs‐TnI with MI (main endpoint) was assessed by calculation of the Area Under the Receiver‐Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC), deriving population‐specific cut‐offs with Youden test. The factors associated with hs‐TnI categories, including MI, CFS and CIRS, were determined with stepwise multinomial logistic regression. The association of hs‐TnI with 3‐month mortality (secondary endpoint) was also investigated with stepwise logistic regression.ResultsAmong 268 participants (147 F, median age 85, IQR 80–89), hs‐TnI elevation was found in 191 cases (71%, median 23 ng/L, IQR 11–65), but MI was present in only 12 cases (4.5%). hs‐TnI was significantly associated with MI (AUROC 0.751, 95% CI 0.580–0.922, p = 0.003), with an optimal cut‐off of 141 ng/L. hs‐TnI levels ≥141 ng/L were significantly associated with CFS (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.15–2.18, p = 0.005), while levels <141 ng/L were associated with the cardiac subscore of CIRS (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.07–1.71, p = 0.011). CFS, but not hs‐TnI levels, predicted 3‐month mortality.ConclusionsIn geriatric patients with suspected MI, frailty and cardiovascular multimorbidity should be carefully considered when interpreting emergency hs‐TnI testing.
Effectiveness of a brief family strengths‐oriented therapeutic conversation intervention for patients with schizophrenia and their caregivers
Authors: Hsiao Chiu‐Yueh , Lu Huei‐Lan , Hsieh Ming‐Hong , Tsai Yun‐Fang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeTo examine the effects of a brief family strengths‐oriented therapeutic conversation (FAM‐SOTC) intervention on symptom severity of patients with schizophrenia and family coping and caregiver burden for family caregivers.DesignA quasi‐experimental research design with repeated measures.MethodsA convenience sample of 72 dyads of patient‐family caregivers was recruited from randomized inpatient psychiatric rehabilitation units in a psychiatric hospital in Taiwan. Sixty‐one patient‐family caregiver dyads that comprised the intervention group (n = 29) and control group (n = 32) completed questionnaires at four time points (baseline, immediate, one‐ and three‐months post‐intervention). Demographic questionnaires and clinical information, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Family Crisis‐Orientation Personal Evaluation Scales, and Zarit Burden Interview were used to collect data. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess the differences in symptom severity, family coping, and caregiver burden between the two groups.FindingsAs compared to the control group, the intervention group showed statistically significant improvements over three months in symptom severity as well as family coping, especially acquiring social support, reframing, and mobilizing social support for family caregivers. Caregiver burden in the intervention group was ameliorated immediately and one month after the intervention rather than a three‐month post‐intervention.ConclusionsA brief FAM‐SOTC intervention proved to be favorable for alleviating psychiatric symptoms of patients coupled with an improvement in family coping and burden in family caregivers encountering schizophrenia.Clinical relevanceIntegration of a brief family therapeutic conversation intervention into the routine psychiatric rehabilitation services delivery is recommended to help patients and their family caregivers effectively manage schizophrenia.
Bta‐miR‐6517 promotes proliferation and inhibits differentiation of pre‐adipocytes by targeting PFKL
Authors: Yang Mengli , Gao Xiaoqian , Ma Yanfen , Wang Xingping , Lei Zhaoxiong , Wang Shuzhe , Hu Honghong , Tang Lin , Ma Yun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe proliferation and differentiation of pre‐adipocytes are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) and other factors. In this study, the potential functions of bta‐miR‐6517 in the regulation of pre‐adipocyte proliferation and differentiation were explored. The qRT‐PCR, oil red O staining and CCK‐8 assay were used to evaluate the role of bta‐miR‐6517. Further, the target gene of bta‐miR‐6517 was identified using bioinformatics analysis, dual‐luciferase reporter system and qRT‐PCR system. The results found that the overexpression of bta‐miR‐6517 promoted the expression of proliferation marker genes and substantially increased the adipocyte proliferation vitality in the CCK‐8 assay, whereas suppressing of bta‐miR‐6517 had the opposite effect. Overexpression bta‐miR‐6517 suppressed the expression of adipogenic genes, which inhibited lipid accumulation, whereas suppressing of bta‐miR‐6517 had the opposite effect. Furthermore, the dual‐fluorescent reporter experiment results demonstrated that bta‐miR‐6517 directly targeted phosphofructokinase, liver type (PFKL). When bta‐miR‐6517 was either overexpressed or suppressed, it negatively regulated PFKL. In conclusion, we observed that bta‐miR‐6517 promoted adipocyte proliferation and inhibited differentiation by targeting PFKL.
Reticular contraction frequency and ruminal gas dome development in goats do not differ between grass and browse diets
Authors: Clauss Marcus , Tschuor Andreas , Codron Daryl , Hummel Jürgen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn investigations of differences between ruminant species feeding on browse or grass, it is often unclear whether observed differences are animal‐ or forage‐specific. Ruminant species have been classified as ‘moose‐type’, with little rumen content stratification, or ‘cattle‐type’ with a distinct rumen contents stratification, including a gas layer. To which extent putative differences in forestomach motility are involved in these patterns is unknown. Using sonography, we investigated the frequency of reticular contractions and the stratification of rumen contents in goats fed exclusively on grass hay (n = 6) or dried browse (n = 5) directly after feeding, and after another 6 and 12 h with no access to feed. The frequency of reticular contractions decreased from immediately after feeding (1.8 ± 0.3 min−1) to 6 h afterwards (1.2 ± 0.2 min−1) and then remained constant, with no difference between diets. A gas dome became more visible over time, but neither its incidence nor its extent differed between diets. The results are in accord with classifying goats as ‘cattle‐type’ in terms of their digestive physiology, and they add to a growing body of evidence that differences in digestive physiology between ruminant species are more due to species characteristics than different kinds of ingested forages.
Serum anti‐GM2 and anti‐GalNAc‐GD1a IgG antibodies are biomarkers for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis
Authors: Halstead S. K. , Gourlay D. S. , Penderis J. , Bianchi E. , Dondi M. , Wessmann A. , Musteata M. , Le Chevoir M. , Martinez‐Anton L. , Bhatti S. F. M. , Volk H. , Mateo I. , Tipold A. , Ives E. , Pakozdy A. , Gutierrez‐Quintana R. , Brocal J. , Whitehead Z. , Granger N. , Pazzi P. , Harcourt‐Brown T. , José‐López R. , Rupp S. , Schenk H. C. , Smith P. , Gandini G. , Menchetti M. , Mortera‐Balsa V. , Rusbridge C. , Tauro A. , Cozzi F. , Deutschland M. , Tirrito F. , Freeman P. , Lowrie M. , Jackson M. R. , Willison H. J. , Rupp A. 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesA previous single‐country pilot study indicated serum anti‐GM2 and anti‐GA1 anti‐glycolipid antibodies as potential biomarkers for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis. This study aims to validate these findings in a large geographically heterogenous cohort.Materials and MethodsSera from 175 dogs clinically diagnosed with acute canine polyradiculoneuritis, 112 dogs with other peripheral nerve, cranial nerve or neuromuscular disorders and 226 neurologically normal dogs were screened for anti‐glycolipid antibodies against 11 common glycolipid targets to determine the immunoglobulin G anti‐glycolipid antibodies with the highest combined sensitivity and specificity for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis.ResultsAnti‐GM2 anti‐glycolipid antibodies reached the highest combined sensitivity and specificity (sensitivity: 65.1%, 95% confidence interval 57.6 to 72.2%; specificity: 90.2%, 95% confidence interval 83.1 to 95.0%), followed by anti‐GalNAc‐GD1a anti‐glycolipid antibodies (sensitivity: 61.7%, 95% confidence interval 54.1 to 68.9%; specificity: 89.3%, 95% confidence interval 82.0 to 94.3%) and these anti‐glycolipid antibodies were frequently present concomitantly. Anti‐GA1 anti‐glycolipid antibodies were detected in both acute canine polyradiculoneuritis and control animals. Both for anti‐GM2 and anti‐GalNAc‐GD1a anti‐glycolipid antibodies, sex was found a significantly associated factor with a female to male odds ratio of 2.55 (1.27 to 5.31) and 3.00 (1.22 to 7.89), respectively. Anti‐GalNAc‐GD1a anti‐glycolipid antibodies were more commonly observed in dogs unable to walk (OR 4.56, 1.56 to 14.87).Clinical SignificanceAnti‐GM2 and anti‐GalNAc‐GD1a immunoglobulin G anti‐glycolipid antibodies represent serum biomarkers for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis.
Recent approaches to paratext studies in eighteenth‐century literature
Authors: Readioff Corrina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis survey will provide an insight into the most significant eighteenth‐century paratext research in British literary studies produced over the last 20 years, identifying and exploring the key themes and connections that have emerged. Ever since Gérard Genette's ground‐breaking book Paratexts: Thresholds of Interpretation (1997) scholars have begun to reconsider and address the function and interpretive value of the paratexts that frame, surround, or are attached to the edges of literary texts. In eighteenth‐century studies in particular, paratexts frequently constitute a critical and unique area for the expression of identity and for influencing how texts are read and interpreted. This article reviews the extensive body of scholarship that examines and focuses upon paratexts, and that collectively contributes towards the formation of the much‐needed new specialism of paratext studies.
Efficacy and safety of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in Korean patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Cheon Jaekyung , Yoo Changhoon , Hong Jung Yong , Kim Han Sang , Lee Dae‐Won , Lee Myung Ah , Kim Jin Won , Kim Ilhwan , Oh Sang‐Bo , Hwang Jun‐Eul , Chon Hong Jae , Lim Ho Yeong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground & AimsAtezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Ate/Bev) has demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the phase III trial. Further evaluation is necessary to investigate the safety and efficacy of Ate/Bev in real settings.MethodsThis was a multicentre retrospective analysis. Between May 2020 and February 2021, 138 patients received Ate/Bev as first‐line treatment for advanced HCC from 11 institutions. We excluded patients with Child‐Pugh B or C and BCLC D stage, and the remaining 121 patients were included in this analysis.ResultsAccording to RECIST 1.1, the objective response and disease control rates were 24.0% and 76.0%. The median follow‐up duration was 5.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.4‐6.4), the median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 6.5 months (95% CI, 4.1‐9.0), and median overall survival (OS) was not reached (95% CI, not available). The most frequent grade 3‐4 adverse event was aspartate aminotransferase elevation (10.7%). In the multivariate analyses, AFP increase (P = .037), baseline neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≥ 5 (P = .023), and best response to stable disease or progressive disease (P = .019) were significantly associated with worse PFS. Macrovascular invasion (P = .048) and baseline NLR ≥5 (P < .001) were significantly associated with worse OS.ConclusionsAte/Bev showed real‐life efficacy and safety in Korean patients with advanced HCC, in line with results from phase III trial. Considering unfavourable survival outcomes of Ate/Bev in patients with elevated NLR, careful assessment of treatment response needs to be performed in this group.
Healthy soil, healthy food, healthy people: An outline of the H3 project
Authors: Jackson Peter , Cameron Duncan , Rolfe Stephen , Dicks Lynn V. , Leake Jonathan , Caton Sam , Dye Louise , Young William , Choudhary Sonal , Evans David , Adolphus Katie , Boyle Neil 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper provides an outline of a new research project, funded through UKRI’s ‘Transforming UK food systems’ programme. The H3 project (Healthy soil, Healthy food, Healthy people) aims to transform the UK food system ‘from the ground up’, through an integrated programme of research at lab, farm, landscape, local, regional and national scales. This article introduces the H3 project with a particular emphasis on those parts of our work that have most direct relevance in terms of improving human diet and nutrition. Specifically, we seek to make early interventions in the food system through biofortification and other measures that reduce the need for costly interventions at later stages. Focusing on low‐income populations and using a ‘health by stealth’ approach, we also seek to increase fibre consumption among the UK population by reformulating foods that are already an established part of people's diet. The paper concludes by assessing the likely impact of these interventions and the significance we attach to working with stakeholders in business, government and civil society.
Acute kidney injury referred to the nephrologist: A single centre experience in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Pistolesi Valentina , Artegiani Federica , Di Napoli Anteo , Zeppilli Laura , Santoboni Francesca , Somma Sara , Di Mario Francesca , Regolisti Giuseppe , Fiaccadori Enrico , Morabito Santo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimAcute kidney injury (AKI) shows an increasing incidence, accounting for a remarkable proportion of nephrology team in‐hospital activity. The aim was to describe main features and outcomes of AKI observed in patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis in all consecutive AKI patients referred for nephrology consultation (November 2018–February 2020) focusing on the factors associated with in‐hospital mortality within 90 days and kidney function recovery (KFR) upon discharge. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data, as well as main features of AKI episodes, were collected from medical records of the entire hospital stay. AKI was defined according to KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline.ResultsAmong 1145 patients referred for nephrology consultation, 559 were evaluated for AKI (598 episodes). Pre‐existing CKD was present in 54.7% of patients. In 69.2% of cases AKI was evaluated within 48 h from its onset. Most of the episodes (66.6%) were classified as KDIGO Stage 3. In‐hospital mortality within 90 days since admission was 43.3%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed a higher mortality risk for advancing age (HR 1.02/unit, 95% CI 1.01–1.03) and oliguria (HR 1.91, 95% CI 1.45–2.52), while a higher eGFR (HR 0.72/unit, 95% CI 0.54–0.95) and KFR within 7 days (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.41–0.94) were associated to a lower mortality. KFR was observed in 96.4% of survivors. In patients with partial KFR, the loss of eGFR was −29.2 ± 17.9 ml/min. KFR incidence rate was 6.79 per 100‐person days (95% CI 6.72–6.87) in survivors and 2.30 (95% CI 2.25–2.35) in non‐survivors.ConclusionAKI‐related nephrology activity accounts for most of the nephrologist workload as consultant. Referred AKI episodes are frequently severe and superimposed on CKD, carrying a relatively high mortality in a patient population developing AKI outside ICU. Early KFR appears strongly associated with a favourable impact upon in‐hospital survival.