bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of characteristics and outcomes of premenopausal and postmenopausal women with adnexal torsion
Authors: Li MengHui , Wang Hong , Hou ShengDi , Wang ShuZhen , Li Hua 
Published: December 2024

Objective This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and surgical and histological outcomes of premenopausal and postmenopausal patients with adnexal torsion. Methods The electronic medical records of 278 patients with adnexal torsion proven by surgery were retrospectively reviewed from January 2012 to November 2023 in our hospital. The patients were divided into two groups (premenopausal and postmenopausal). Results The study included 226 (81.3%) premenopausal patients and 52 (18.7%) postmenopausal patients. The incidence of the most common symptoms (i.e., abdominal pain, nausea and/or vomiting) was not different between the two groups. However, the postmenopausal group had a longer interval from the onset of pain to admission, a larger size of adnexal mass, a longer operation time, more blood loss, and a longer hospital stay than the premenopausal group. Regarding the procedure, the premenopausal group underwent more conservative procedures than the postmenopausal group. The most common pathological findings in the two groups were benign tumors and tubal pathology The malignancy rate was similar in the two groups. Conclusions Premenopausal and postmenopausal women with adnexal torsion had similar main symptoms, such as abdominal pain and nausea and vomiting. However, the surgical and histological outcomes varied between these groups of women.
Association Between Breastfeeding Peer Support and Confidence in Breastfeeding
Authors: Jeon Hyo Jin (Jean) , Granner Michelle , Christiansen Elizabeth , Kohnen Taya , Park Sung-Yeon , Sarnquist Bret , MacNeil Patricia , Soto Valery , Deavers Olivia 
Published: December 2024

Background: Peer support programs may be effective for supporting breastfeeding among diverse groups, and in reducing disparities. This study provides insight regarding the implementation and outcomes of a peer breastfeeding support program. Research Aims: (1) to examine how participation affected the outcomes of breastfeeding motivation, confidence, and coping strategies; and (2) to evaluate satisfaction with the program. Method: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective study. Seven pilot sites in the United States uniquely implemented a federally-funded peer support program for low-income women. Data were collected using a survey and focus groups/interviews. Over 12 months, 1,296 women participated, comprising 615 peer support pairs. A total of 401 women responded to the survey. Twenty-three focus groups and 63 interviews were conducted across the seven sites. Results: Participants who enrolled in the program during pregnancy: t (189) = −6.55, p < 0.001, and after the baby was born: t (170) = −2.59, p = 0.001, gained confidence in breastfeeding. More satisfied participants were more likely to breastfeed longer: F (7,352) = 12.75, p < 0.001, and cope with breastfeeding challenges: F (7,352) = 7.83, p < 0.001. Conclusion: Effective operation strategies of the peer breastfeeding support program have significantly influenced participant satisfaction. Introducing peer support for low-income women to share their breastfeeding experiences would be beneficial in enhancing breastfeeding rates. However, the generalizability of these findings may be limited to this U.S. federally-funded peer support program.
Evaluation of Pharmacist Involvement in Emergency Response
Authors: Jeghers Melissa A. , Ji Christine , Newman Kelly , Leung Natalie , Roberts Russel J. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Emergency response teams are designed to promptly deliver care to hospitalized patients experiencing acute decompensation events. Pharmacists are an integrated part of emergency response teams and their presence at emergency response events has been shown to improve adherence to institutional and advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) guidelines. This study assesses the impact of pharmacist involvement at emergency responses and time clinical pharmacists dedicate to emergency response. Methods: A single-center, retrospective chart review assessed inpatient and ambulatory emergency responses for patients 18 and older from August 2021 through January 2022. Emergency response event-specific information was assessed using intervention documentations in the hospital electronic health record (EHR). The amount of time dedicated to emergency response by pharmacists was then converted to full-time equivalents (FTE). Results: Of the 296 emergency response documentations assessed, 242 responses were included in analysis. The primary outcome of time pharmacists dedicate to emergency responses over a six-month period was found to be 9480 minutes (158 hours). The average amount of time spent at each response was 40.7 minutes (SD 27.4 minutes), ranging from 5-210 minutes. Conclusion: The total time spent by clinical pharmacists at emergency responses within a six-month period was equivalent to approximately 26% of an FTE. Due to inability of pharmacists to document all emergency responses, this may be under-represented. More than 70% of emergency responses required 6-10 medications be prepared by pharmacists. Pharmacists made interventions 47% of the time, indicating that pharmacists play an integral role as members of emergency response teams.
Oxidative stress reactions in rats with pulmonary injuries induced by sulfur mustard (1 LD50)
Authors: Liu Lu , Hu Xiaoxuan , Zhang Na , Zhong Yuxu , Zhu Xiao-ji , Liu Tao 
Published: December 2024

Objective Sulfur mustard (SM) is an important chemical warfare agent. The mechanisms underlying SM toxicity have not been completely elucidated. However, oxidative stress and the subsequent damage to macromolecules have been considered ascrucial steps in SM toxicity. In this study, a rat model of SM-induced acute pulmonary injury was established using an equal toxicity dose (1LD50). This study employed two methods to directly compare oxidative stress indices in serum enzymes and the epithelial cells of the alveolar septa. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into intraperitoneal SM, intraperitoneal propylene glycol control, tracheal SM, tracheal propylene glycol control, and control groups. SM-induced serum enzyme levels and protein expression in the epithelial cells of the alveolar septa were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry. Results Serum levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were upregulated in the intraperitoneal SM group compared with those in the tracheal SM group. Positive expression ratios of CuZn-superoxide dismutase, Mn-superoxide dismutase, paraoxonase-1, and apolipoprotein-1 proteins in the epithelial cells of the alveolar septa in the intraperitoneal SM group were elevated compared with those in the tracheal SM group. Conclusion Under SM (1LD50) exposure, there were significantly higher serum enzyme levels and protein expressions in the epithelial cells of the alveolar septa of rats injected with SM intraperitoneally compared with SM administered by intratracheal instillation. The results demonstrated that the differences in oxidative stress indices at the molecular level in SM-induced pulmonary injury were dependent on the route of exposure.
The multiple ‘faces’ of burnout in clinical psychiatric practice
Authors: Parker Gordon 
Published: December 2024

Objective Burnout is commonly viewed as having three constituent symptoms forming a definable syndrome. This paper seeks to detail a number of burnout profiles as faced by psychiatrists in clinical practice and which can lead to diagnostic dilemmas. Conclusions While those with burnout appear less likely to present to psychiatrists than to other mental health practitioners, there appear to be a number of differing clinical profiles, and so arguing for consideration of a burnout syndrome in the differential diagnosis of some less prototypic clinical presentations.
Grand Challenge of Social Work's Harness Technology for Social Good: Scoping Review
Authors: Hitchcock Laurel Iverson , Sage Melanie , Scott Carol F. , Singer Jonathan , Beal Brendan , Glennon Alexis , Ziske Hannah Chambers , Ovalle Rachel 
Published: December 2024

Purpose The Grand Challenges for Social Work initiative addresses critical social problems through social work science. This scoping review examines the first 5 years (2015–2019) of the Harness Technology for Social Good challenge, mapping literature by social work researchers on technology's role in improving client system outcomes. Methods We mapped the existing social work literature published between 2015 and 2019 about using technology to address practice outcomes for client systems. Results Overall, we found a clear pattern in which social work researchers were contributing to the scholarship on technology-mediated interventions and providing evidence that technology had positive or helpful outcomes in work with client systems. Discussion While our scoping review was limited to English-language publications, which may have excluded significant scholarly work from non-English speaking regions, our findings indicate that social work scholars have significantly contributed to the scholarship on technology-mediated interventions, demonstrating positive impacts on practice outcomes.
Weightbearing Computed Tomography Evaluation of Acute SER4a Ankle Fractures
Authors: Michalski Max P. , Porter Giselle M. , Rockov Zachary A. , Little Milton T. M. , Moon Charles N. , Garlich John M. , Charlton Timothy P. 
Published: December 2024

Background: Supination external rotation (SER) fibula fractures with abnormal medial clear space (MCS) on stress radiographs that normalizes with weightbearing radiographs, termed SER4a ankle fractures, pose a challenge in treatment decision making. This study aims to quantify differences in joint contact area, tibiotalar rotation, and translation using weightbearing computed tomography (CT) scans in SER4a ankle fractures. Methods: Between November 2022 and September 2023, patients presenting with isolated Weber B fibula fractures were evaluated for inclusion. Adult patients presenting within 10 days of injury with an SER4a ankle fracture, and no history of ankle fractures or surgery, were included. Ten patients were enrolled and underwent bilateral ankle weightbearing CT scans. Disior Bonelogic Software was used to quantify joint contact area, tibiotalar rotation, and translation, with the uninjured ankle serving as the control. Results: Ten patients (4 male, 6 female) with an average age of 51 years were included. The average MCS measured 2.5 mm (SD 0.36) on weightbearing and 5.7 mm (SD 0.67) on stress radiographs. The difference in joint contact area between injured and healthy joints was 12.2 mm2 ( P = .085). Axial tibiotalar joint rotation averaged 6.6 degrees of increased external rotation on the injured extremity ( P < .001). The mediolateral distance between the center of the tibial plafond and center of the talar dome was increased 1.0 mm in the injured extremity ( P < .05). Conclusion: In this study evaluating 10 patients with acute SER4a ankle fractures, no difference in joint contact area was found between individuals’ healthy and injured ankles. However, differences in external rotation and lateral translation of the talus were observed on the injured ankle. The clinical effects of these tibiotalar rotational and translational changes are unknown. Clinical Relevance: This study provides insight regarding in vivo changes in 3-dimensional alignment of SER4a ankle fractures that may influence future management of these fractures.
ECMO for Adult Respiratory Failure: A Rapid Review of Clinical and Service Delivery Evidence to Guide Policy in Wales
Authors: Pruski Michal , Beddard Michael , O’Connell Susan , Champion Andrew , Morris Rhys , Pugh Richard , Doull Iolo 
Published: December 2024

Background While several studies have summarised the clinical effectiveness evidence for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), there are no evidence syntheses of the impact of centres’ ECMO patient volume on patient outcomes or the impact of bedside ECMO care being delivered by either a perfusionist or a nurse. There is also limited information on the cost-effectiveness of ECMO. Purpose This review was carried out to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost of different service delivery models of pulmonary ECMO to inform NHS Wales commissioning policy. Research Design The study utilised rapid review methodology, consisting of a systematic literature search and the inclusion of the highest quality of evidence available. Data Collection Out of 1997 records identified via literature searches, 12 studies fell within the scope. The 2 meta-analyses comparing ECMO with lung-protective ventilation favoured ECMO. Results Five studies looking at the clinical impact of centre patient volume had large heterogeneity. Three studies estimated that with sufficient patient volume, nurse-delivered ECMO was cost-saving, with thresholds varying between 92 and 155 patient days per year. Three studies looked at the cost impact of ECMO delivery, with ECMO being cost incurring, but potentially cost-effective, with costs per patient being lower at higher volume centres. Conclusions The available evidence supports the use of ECMO in adult respiratory failure patients, despite it being cost-incurring. ECMO can be nurse-delivered without a significant negative impact on patient care. Yet decision-makers need to consider their local circumstances when making commissioning decisions.
Intraoperative OCT evaluation of the stability and centering of carlevale IOL with different intrascleral fixation techniques
Authors: Lo Giudice Gregorio , Brancato Claudio , Mancini Maura , Pioppo Antonino , Imburgia Aurelio 
Published: December 2024

Background To evaluate intrascleral plug stability and correct centring of the IOL in three different surgical techniques using intraoperative anterior segment OCT. Methods This retrospective scientific study was conducted by reviewing patient records from the Ophthalmology Unit at the Civico Hospital of Palermo, covering the period between 2021 and 2022. Three distinct groups of patients, each consisting of 7 eyes from 7 individual patients, were included in this study. The first group received a quadrangular scleral flap (3.5 × 3.5 mm) that covered intrascleral plugs. The second group had two intrascleral pockets created with the insertion of plugs inside these pockets. The third group had one intrascleral pocket created to cover the intrascleral plugs. Intraoperative anterior segment (AS)-OCT was used to monitor the positioning of the plugs and the tilt of the IOL. The analyzed parameters are: best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), subjective refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), pachymetry, macular thickness, endothelial cell loss, intraoperative and postoperative complications, IOL tilting, and optic plate decentration. Results The examined parameters showed uniformity among the groups. Postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), subjective refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), pachymetry, and macular thickness exhibited no significant differences between the three groups. Endothelial cell loss ranged between 10.4% and 13.1% across the patient groups. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were reported. No IOL tilting or optic plate decentration was reported. The duration of surgeries was similar among the groups. Conclusions The three different scleral fixation techniques have been shown to be equally effective, demonstrating the usefulness of intraoperative AS-OCT for the stability and centring of Carlevale IOLs.
Cobalt Chromium or Stainless Steel Balloon-Expandable Bare Metal Stents for Iliac Occlusive Disease?
Authors: Torsello Giovanni Federico , Stavroulakis Konstantinos , Chlouverakis Gregory , Torsello Giovanni Battista 
Published: December 2024

Background: To compare the performance of a new-generation cobalt-chromium balloon-expandable bare metal stent with a stainless steel platform for the treatment of iliac occlusive disease. Methods: Consecutive patients treated for symptomatic iliac occlusive disease between 2014 and 2021 with the cobalt-chromium Dynetic-35 or the stainless steel Dynamic platform were retrospectively evaluated. Outcome measures included technical success, device- or procedure-related death, clinically-driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR), primary patency, and major index limb amputation up to 12 months. Results: In total, 222 Cobalt chromium (CC) stents were used in 159 patients (34.6% female; mean age 66.9 ± 9.5 years) for the treatment of 216 lesions, while 234 iliac lesions of 182 patients (34.6% female; mean age 66.3 ± 9.9 years) were treated with 252 stainless steel (SS) stents. The mean lesion length (30.2 ± 12.8 mm vs 28.7 ± 22.5 mm, p=0.36) and the mean calcification grade (2.0 vs 1.9, p=0.07) did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Patients treated by the CC platform were more frequently on statins (p<0.001), whereas more active smokers and subjects with higher Rutherford class underwent a SS deployment (p<0.001). Technical success was significantly higher in the SS group (100% vs 97.3%; p=0.01). This was due to longitudinal deformation or stent dislocation after passing the Dynetic-35 with endovascular material. After 1 year, no difference was found following CC and SS stent deployment in terms of device- or procedure-related deaths (0.6% vs 1.1%, p=0.99), target limb amputations (1.9% vs 1.6%, p=0.99), primary patency (91.3% vs 93.5%), and CD-TLR (6.5% vs 2.8% p=0.07). Conclusions: Through 1 year, cobalt-chromium and stainless steel balloon-expandable stents are safe and effective in the treatment of iliac occlusive disease. Enhanced attention should be given passing the cobalt-chromium stent with endovascular devices to avoid procedural complications. Clinical Impact Stents with a thin-strut structure improve the flexibility and deliverability. The lower profile also increases the applicability lowering the risk of vascular access complications. In this study newer-generation cobalt chromium balloon-expandable stent did not confer advantages over stainless steel bare metal stent. On contrary, the technical success was inferior to stainless steel stents as longitudinal deformation or dislocation of the Dynetic-35 occurred. Therefore, enhanced attention should be given passing a Cobalt chromium stent with wires, catheters or sheaths to avoid stent deformation.
Synergetic antibacterial and UV-protective finishing of cotton fabric functionalized with copper oxide nanoparticles and phenolic compounds of Azolla Nilotica algae extracts
Authors: Moges Girma , Haile Adane , Firew Melse , Pawlos Mihret , Muche Sisay 
Published: December 2024

A new approach for functional finishing of cotton fabric using copper oxide nanoparticles and the phenolic compound of Azolla nilotica algae extract synergistically. In this sense, green synthesis nanoparticles have gained enormous attention in today’s world due to the ongoing demand to develop risk-free and high-efficiency functional cotton fabric compared to other methods. This study carried out the green synthesis of CuONPs with algae extract as a reducing agent and CuSO4 as a metal precursor. Phenolic compounds were prepared from algae extract through liquid-phase separation and combined with CuONPs to enhance the functionality of cotton. CuONPs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), FTIR spectral analysis, and a UV-vis spectrophotometer. The average particle size obtained was 21.59 nm. Optimization of process parameters for treating cotton fabric with CuONPs and phenolic compounds of algae extract was done using Box Behenken Design through the dip coating method. Finally, the fabric was evaluated for its multi-functionality in terms of antibacterial activity and percent blocking of ultraviolet radiation. From the optimization solution, the optimum values of 27.625 mm Zone of inhibition (ZOI) for gram-negative bacteria, 23.88 mm ZOI for gram-positive bacteria, and percent blocking of ultraviolet radiation with a value of 99.99% were obtained. In summary, the combination of CuONPs and phenolic compounds in Azolla notica algae extract possesses excellent potential for the functionalization of cotton fabric without affecting its comfort properties. Hence, they can be used as an inexpensive, promising, and efficient alternative for functional purposes.
Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Patients With Breast Cancer: Results of a Single Cohort in the Midwestern United States
Authors: Khandalavala Birgit , Carlson Sarah , Elsayed Lina , Geske Jenenne 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Physical activity and sedentary behavior have significant prognostic importance in survivors of breast cancer. However, not much is known about physical activity and sedentary behavior in the midwestern United States for patients who have breast cancer. This study provides patient-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior from a cohort of patients from the midwestern United States. Methods: A survey assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior from patients with all types of local or invasive breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Demographic information and characteristics of participants’ breast cancer, including time since diagnosis, type of cancer, and remission status were gathered. Results: Data from 108 patients reveal diverse physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns. Seventeen individuals (15.9%) report not engaging in any form of physical activity and only 15.9% report meeting national guideline recommendations of greater than 150 minutes of moderate intensity-equivalent physical activity per week. A wide range of physical activity in minutes was reported across age, time since diagnosis, type of cancer and remission status, none of which was statistically significant. Participants report sitting or reclining an average of 6.1 hours (SD = 3.9) per day during a typical workday and 5.8 hours (SD = 3.8) on a typical non-workday. Conclusions: Our study provides information about physical activity and sedentary behavior in a cohort of midwestern patients with breast cancer and indicates that the majority of the patients could be at high risk for long-term adverse prognosis. Tailored lifestyle programs to enhance physical activity and decrease sedentary behavior are critical to improve outcomes. Our results indicate that clinicians should incorporate healthy lifestyle medicine recommendations for all patients living with breast cancer at any age or time since diagnosis, independent of cancer type or remission status.