bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Injury Risk Factors Related to Sport Specialization in High School Basketball: A Prospective Study
Authors: Post Eric G. , Rivera Matthew J. , Robison Hannah J. , Rauh Mitchell J. , McGuine Timothy A. , Simon Janet E. 
Published: December 2024

Context
Research that has examined the association between specialization and injury in basketball has been limited to cross-sectional or retrospective studies.

Objective
To determine whether specialization is a risk factor for injury among high school basketball athletes.

Design
Prospective cohort study.

Setting
Basketball players from 12 high schools participating in the National Athletic Treatment, Injury, and Outcomes Network Surveillance Program (NATION-SP) were recruited before the 2022–2023 interscholastic basketball season.

Patients or Other Participants
One-hundred thirty athletes (mean age ± SD = 15.6 ± 1.3; girls’ basketball: n = 68 [52.3%]).

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Before the start of the school basketball season, participants completed a questionnaire that had questions regarding participation in various specialized sport behaviors. During the basketball season, the school’s athletic trainer reported all athlete-exposures and injuries (regardless of time loss) for participating athletes into NATION-SP. Injury incidence and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% CIs were calculated for the specialized sport behaviors previously described.

Results
No difference in injury risk between highly specialized and low specialized athletes was found (IRR [95% CI] = 1.9 [0.9, 3.7]). Players who participated in basketball year round were twice as likely to sustain an injury than those who did not play year round (IRR [95% CI] = 2.1 [1.1, 3.6]). Similarly, players who reported participating in basketball skills camps were at increased risk of injury compared with athletes who did not participate in basketball skill camps (IRR [95% CI] = 2.5 [1.2, 5.7]).

Conclusions
Injury risk related to sport specialization in basketball may be specific to certain behaviors such as year-round play and participation in skills camps. Validated measures of comprehensive sport activity are needed to better measure specialization in youth sports to better determine injury risk related to sport specialization and develop injury prevention programs for basketball athletes.
Community-based Alcohol De-addiction Camp: Participant’s Characteristics and Alcohol Use Pattern
Authors: PC Pradeep Kumar , Sadashiv Megha , M Kishor , Princy PJ , Pandey Manoj K 
Published: December 2024

Background and Aim:
The prevalence of alcohol use in India is ranged from 3.8% to 65.8%. One in every five alcohol users needs treatment. Lack of knowledge about the ill effects of alcohol and an 83% of treatment gap increase the risk. Among many available strategies, community-based alcohol de-addiction camps (ADCs) can offer support to alcohol users. This study aims to assess the participants’ sociodemographic characteristics and alcohol use patterns in alcohol users attending an ADC.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at ADC in September 2022. Data from 58 participants were collected using a sociodemographic and clinical data sheet and the alcohol use disorder identification test.

Results:
The majority of participants voluntarily attended the camp and were aged between 25 and 45 years (67.2%). Most were married (79.3%), had completed secondary education (34.5%), worked as farmers (36.3%), and had a monthly income of INR 6000–18,000 (56.9%). Regarding alcohol use patterns, the majority were daily users (84.5%) for over 5 years (51.7%) and had severe alcohol dependence (86.2%). More than half of the participants had a previous attempt to quit (58.6%) and cited family (51.72%) as a primary reason, followed by health and social respect (48.24%) to quit alcohol.

Conclusions:
Men aged <45 years with severe alcohol dependence and with previous attempts to quit are likely to utilize the ADC. ADCs may be employed more frequently to effectively address alcohol problems in India.
A Comparison Study of Masturbating and Non masturbating Female and their Marital and Sexual Satisfaction in India
Authors: Vikhram Ramasubramanian R. , Veerabalajikumar  
Published: December 2024

Background and Aim:
Sexual and marital well-being is a crucial aspect of overall happiness and fulfillment in our lives. Masturbation, on the other hand, refers to the act of self-stimulation for sexual pleasure. This study aims to find the level of marital and sexual satisfaction of the females who are masturbating and who are not masturbating. The objectives are to measure the level of marital and sexual satisfaction of women and to understand the selected sociodemographic conditions and to find out significant mean differences in subgroups (based on sociodemographic details) and masturbation with regard to marital and sexual satisfaction.

Materials and Methods:
A comparative study was conducted. Through simple random sampling, 120 females who were married and who can understand English were selected for the study, 60 were masturbates, and 60 were non-masturbates. The study was conducted from February 2022 to March 2023. Twenty items the new sexual satisfaction scale and 15 items the ENRICH marital satisfaction scale, and a semi-structured interview schedule was administered. Data were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Services software, Version 26.0. The correlation was calculated for the variables. A simple percentage analysis was used. The Pearson correlation method was used to find the relationship between the variables. A one-way ANOVA was employed to find out the significant mean difference between the demographic variables with a 95% confidence level, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The result indicates that nonmasturbators have a higher mean value in both marital and sexual satisfaction.

Conclusion:
Nonmasturbators have higher mean value in both marital and sexual satisfaction. This study helps to create the awareness and promote masturbation, marital, and sexual satisfaction among school children.
Comparative Evaluation of Blockbuster™ and Fastrach™ Laryngeal Mask Airway for Endotracheal Intubation: A Prospective Randomised Study
Authors: Kumar Arun , Anand Lakesh , Singh Manpreet , Kapoor Dheeraj , Singh Jasveer 
Published: December 2024

Background and Aim:
The introduction of supraglottic airway devices (SADs) resulted in a paradigm shift in airway management. Fastrach™ intubating laryngeal mask airway (FT-LMA) is a SAD designed for blind endotracheal intubation. Blockbuster™ airway (BB) is a novel device intended for the same purpose and this study aims at comparing its efficacy with the FT-LMA. The aim was to compare success rates of endotracheal intubation, oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP), fibreoptic grading of the laryngeal view, haemodynamic parameters and postoperative complications through BB and FT-LMA.

Methods:
One hundred consenting patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 50 each in a prospective randomised study. After induction, assigned SAD was inserted to obtain adequate ventilation. OLP and laryngeal grades were then noted. We then attempted blind intubation through the SAD with maximum of two attempts and the SAD was removed. Success at first attempt, time for tracheal intubation and effect on haemodynamic were noted.

Results:
Demographic data were comparable amongst the two groups. Both BB and FT-LMA were successfully placed within two attempts. The success rate of blind intubation was 100% in BB and 97% in FT-LMA. The OLP of BB was 28.3 versus 24.4 cm H2O in FT-LMA (P < 0.01). BB required less intubation time, lesser haemodynamic response and better OLP as compared between groups. However, the time taken for insertion of SAD, OLP and time taken for removal of SAD was significantly less with the BB. The fibreoptic grading was similar in both groups. Although the trachea was intubated through the device in all the patients (100%) in group BB, three patients (6%) were intubated in the second attempt in group FT-LMA with a first-attempt success rate of 94%. However, this difference is statistically insignificant.

Conclusion:
BB had higher OLP and is a better conduit for endotracheal intubation due to its quick insertion time and better haemodynamic in comparison with FT-LMA.
Interconnection of Pain Management and Emergency Medical Service Personal in the Prehospital Settings
Authors: Shariff Ehtesham Ahmed , Azharuddin Ahmed , Baoud Ali Mohammed , Muyini Mohsen Yahay , Almaghrapy Amal Ali , Alghadeer Sultan Mohammed 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:
Acute pain is considered one of the common reasons for finding emergency medical services (EMSs) in emergency centers and prehospital settings where pain pervasiveness ranges widely. Pain is an important global health issue that is often is undermanaged and unobserved.

PURPOSE:
This research aims to identify the interconnection of EMS personnel and pain management in the settings of prehospital care in the context of Saudi Arabia.

RESEARCH METHODS:
Owing to its accessibility and practicality, a cross-section research approach conducted between September 1st till the end of November 2023 was conducted among EMS providers in Saudi Arabia. Descriptive statistical analysis was utilized.

ANALYSIS:
Most of the respondents among 203 participants are sincere about pain management. Fifty-nine percent of respondents were aware of the process of pain assessment. Sixty-one percent of participants claimed acquaintance with tools used for the management of pain in their prehospital care. This reveals a relatively higher sincerity regarding the existing tools for analyzing the pain levels. An overwhelming 82% of participants acknowledged that vital signs are one of the important dependable indicators of the patient’s pain. This indicates a strong dependence on physiological measures, positively overlooking the “subjective nature” of pain. Most respondents emphasized improving protocol for pain management.

CONCLUSION:
The outcomes underscore the significance of training programs and ongoing education to enhance the skills and knowledge of the EMS workforce in managing and assessing pain, ensuring appropriate optimal care for every patient in any kind of emergency. The findings of this research provide a strong and detailed insight into the importance of EMS personnel and pain management in Saudi Arabia’s prehospital settings.
Current concept on pediatric low-grade glioma in the era of molecular diagnosis
Authors: Peng Tzu-Chiang , Wang Ching-Ying , Lee Yi-Yen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Central nervous system tumors are the most common solid tumors and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among pediatric patients. Despite recent advances in surgical technique, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, it disappointedly relates to significantly profound morbidity compared to other cancers. The current therapeutic strategy leads to a high incidence of adverse effects. Pediatric brain tumor survivors have a higher risk of neurocognitive decline and endocrine, neurological, and social domain impairment than the age-matched group. A recent study has made a meaningful progress in the field of genetics and shed light on the broad molecular heterogeneity of pediatric brain tumors. This insight has impacted the current clinical practice and opened an avenue to potential therapeutic choice. Here, we reviewed the progress in the understanding of pediatric low-grade glioma and emerging target therapy.
Reviews of spinal muscular atrophy in Taiwan
Authors: Lu Yung-Hsiu , Lin Wei-Sheng , Niu Dau-Ming , Hsu Ting-Rong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is one of the rare life-threatening hereditary autosomal recessive disorders. SMA is caused by the absence of a fully functional motor neuron protein gene that produces the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. The SMN protein is encoded by two SMN genes: SMN1, which is the SMA-determining gene, and SMN2, which copies the severity modifier. With the advancement of medicine, the Food and Drug Administration has approved three disease-modifying therapies that could now be reimbursed with limited conditions in Taiwan. The SMA screening program was started in 2016 and 2017 in three newborn screening centers in Taiwan; consequently, patients with SMA were diagnosed and treated earlier. This study reviewed the new therapies for SMA, the newborn screening experience, the treatment history and criteria in Taiwan, and the problems encountered. More work is still needed to increase the rate of SMA screening and to possibly provide earlier treatment.
The Ninth Annual Academic International Medicine Virtual Congress and Scientific Forum, June 20–22, 2024: Meeting Report and Scientific Abstracts
Authors: Stawicki Stanislaw P. , Barrera Rafael , Christopherson Nathan , Narayan Mayur , Izurieta Ricardo , Galwankar Sagar C. , Moreno-Walton Lisa , Wojda Thomas R. , Patel Vihas M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Ninth Academic International Medicine Congress (AIM 2024) took place at the Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health in Manhattan, New York. The meeting featured 3 days packed with high quality continuing medical education content, leadership development sessions, and scientific abstracts. The main program featured more than 40 speakers and panelists from around the world, and offered nearly 20 hours of continuing medical education credits. The scientific program included numerous abstracts and interesting case presentations. The AIM 2024’s two main Social Networking Events and the Annual Awards Ceremony were the most attended attractions. This report includes a summary of key events and sessions from the AIM 2024 Congress, inclusive of published abstracts from the meeting.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Interpersonal and communication skills, Professionalism, Practice-based learning and improvement, Systems based practice.
Insights into newborn health; Integrating anthropometric measurements and immunization status at community health center deliveries in rural India: An observational study
Authors: Khan Ayub , Shankar Hari , Dua Priyanka 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Newborn health is crucial for long-term well-being and development, especially in rural India, where healthcare access is limited. This study integrates anthropometric measurements and immunization status during community health center delivery. Integrating these metrics is essential as it helps identify early growth issues and ensures timely vaccinations, which are vital for preventing malnutrition and vaccine-preventable diseases in a setting where healthcare resources are scarce, and follow-up care is often challenging.

Materials and Methods:
The present study is based on baseline data of a larger prospective follow-up study conducted from November 2022 to February 2024 in rural areas of North India, including newborns delivered through cesarean section or vaginal delivery. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire including weight, height, head circumference, chest circumference, and mid-arm circumference of the newborns.

Results:
The study included 150 newborns, with the mean age of mothers and fathers being 25.27 ± 2.81 years and 29.01 ± 3.76 years, respectively. Immunization coverage was high for hepatitis B (Hep-B) (99.3%) and oral polio vaccine (OPV) (99.3%) but lower for Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) (74.7%). Strong correlations were found among the five anthropometric measurements, indicating consistent growth patterns.

Conclusions:
The study highlights the demographic characteristics and immunization coverage among newborns in rural India. Despite high coverage for Hep-B and OPV, the lower uptake of the BCG vaccine indicates gaps in immunization outreach. The strong correlations among anthropometric measurements suggest consistent growth patterns, reinforcing the need for integrating such assessments into routine care to monitor and support healthy development.
Hamstring, Bone-patellar Tendon-bone, Quadriceps, and Peroneus Longus Tendon Autografts for Primary Isolated Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sagala Dhaval H. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) involves surgically restoring the injured ACL through the placement of graft material. The selection of graft material plays a crucial role in ensuring optimal knee stability postsurgery. Using autografts of the hamstring, bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTP), quadriceps, and peroneus longus tendon (PLT), the current systematic study aimed to assess the clinical and functional results of patients undergoing ACLR.

Methods:
Literature search exploration was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, supplemented by additional resources such as Google Scholar and clinical trials.gov, spanning from 2014 to 2024. The two-part tool was employed to analyze five distinct domains. For evaluation of the quality of diagnostic accuracy studies, a quality assessment tool was implemented.

Results:
Seventeen studies were incorporated. Most studies indicated considerable enhancements in clinical function, postsurgical knee stability, and osteoarthritis alterations. Nonetheless, these autografts present a reduced risk of certain complications including anterior knee pain, discomfort during kneeling, and extension loss. The assessment of risks in the study revealed that 50% were categorized as having a low risk, whereas 32% had an unclear risk and 18% of cases were classified as not applicable.

Conclusion:
The present systematic review highlights the survival rates and joint stability across various graft options including BPTP, hamstring, quadricep, and especially PLT. These autografts are safe, reliable, and versatile choices deserving of attention in forthcoming ACL reconstruction investigations.
Bilateral Asymmetrical Hip Dislocation in a 70-year-old Female: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Suresh T. V. , Naveen D. , Harish K. , Daddimani Ravi M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Traumatic dislocation of the hip joint is a rare injury representing 2%–5% of all dislocations while bilateral hip dislocation accounts for 1.25% of all hip dislocations. Asymmetrical hip dislocations are even rarer accounting for approximately 0.01%–0.02% of all hip joint dislocations. We are reporting a case of bilateral asymmetrical hip dislocations with left-sided posterior dislocation and right anterior dislocation in a 70-year-old female following a road traffic accident. It is pertinent to thoroughly evaluate the patient on the Advanced Trauma Life Support guidelines. After evaluation, it is vital to reduce hip dislocation within 6 h from the time of injury to prevent complications like avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Relevant anatomy, injury mechanism, classification, diagnosis, associated injuries, treatment, and complications have also been discussed.
Persistent Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia in Iraqi Pediatric Population: A Single Tertiary Center Experience
Authors: Al-Zubaidi Munib Ahmed , Abdullah Wasnaa Hadi , Kareem Khalid Hatem 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is an inappropriate insulin secretion by the pancreatic cells. When medical therapies are ineffective, surgical treatment is required.

Objective:
This study aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics of CHI patients and assess the associated factors that may affect their response to treatment.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study including all patients diagnosed with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia who were registered at the Children Welfare Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq. Patients’ data were collected including birth weight, age at presentation, and consanguinity between parents. All patients had a confirmed diagnosis of hyperinsulinism after performing a critical sample. The data of these investigations were collected in addition to the type of medical treatment they received and those who had finally undergone pancreatectomy.

Results:
Among the 44 patients in the study, 38 (86.4%) presented in the first year of life. Of these, 22 (57.9%) were responsive to diazoxide. In addition, 13 (34.2%) of those presenting in the first year required pancreatectomy. Among the remaining six patients who presented after the first year of life, three (50%) responded to diazoxide, while two (33.3%) required pancreatectomy. Patients who did not respond to diazoxide had higher mean insulin and age at presentation with 19.58 ± 17.28 µU/ml and 9.73 ± 28.23 months, respectively.

Conclusion:
While genetic study remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of CHI, clinical characteristics of patients can be the only helpful way to predict further management in countries with limited resources.
Changes in the Level of Vitamin D3 and Calcium in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Mahal Mohammed Hameed , Al Samarrai Ali Rasheed Hameed , Thamer Huda Abed , Al Samarrai Othman Rashid , Shihab Eman Abdulhadi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health issue that is linked to a variety of anomalies in biology and hematology, resulting in increased mortalities and morbidity.

Objectives:
Aim of this study was to estimate the vitamin D3 and calcium with other parameters in people with CKD.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty male patients and 40 healthy men were included, and the age of the participants in this study ranged from 40 to 50 years old. Samples were collected during the period from November 2022 to December 2022.

Results:
The result showed a significant decrease in vitamin D3 and calcium in patients group 16.99 ± 3.84 ng/mL and 6.23 ± 0.39 mg/dL, respectively, compared with healthy group 35.50 ± 5.93 ng/mL and 9.46 ± 0.58 mg/dL, respectively, a significant rise in the urea, creatinine and uric acid levels in patients 223.90 ± 46.40 mg/dL, 12.01 ± 2.01 mg/dL, and 9.34 ± 0.90 mg/dL, respectively, compared with healthy group 25 ± 5.75 mg/dL, 0.67 ± 0.22 mg/dL, and 4.72 ± 0.85 mg/dL, respectively.

Conclusions:
Results showed reduced concentrations of vitamin D3 and calcium, and elevated in concentrations of urea, creatinine, and uric acid in patients.
Vitamin D Level in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Patients Before and After Adjuvant Chemotherapy and Endocrine Therapy
Authors: Al Obeidy Barrak F. , Al Zobair Alya A. , Hayawi Mohammed A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Deficiency of vitamin D is associated with the risk of the development of several cancers.

Objective:
This study aimed to verify the effect of the adjuvant chemotherapy and hormonal therapy on the vitamin D level in breast cancer patients.

Materials and Methods:
This is a prospective case–control study consisting of 65 postmenopausal patients with breast cancers compared to 40 postmenopausal control women from Nineveh province, vitamin D level was measured at the time of the diagnosis; immediately after the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy and 6 months after completing chemotherapy attending Mosul oncology Hospital during 2017–2019.

Results:
The present study demonstrated that vitamin D level at the time of diagnosis was lower in patients group compared with the control group. After the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy, the mean value of vitamin D level was significantly lower than the mean value of vitamin D level at the time of diagnosis. Six months after finishing chemotherapy, the value of vitamin D level was slightly recovered but still significantly lower than the mean value of vitamin D level at the time of diagnosis of breast cancer patients.

Conclusion:
Vitamin D deficiency seems common among breast cancer patients in Nineveh province, which became more prominent after giving chemotherapy.