bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis On The Regional Features of Future Warming Using High-Resolution Downscaled Multi-Model Climate Scenarios In China
Authors: Zhang Lei , Xu Yinlong , Meng Chunchun , Zhao Yuncheng , Wang Changgui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The frequency and magnitude of global warming events varies greatly across different regions and countries. The climatic diversity for China and future warming features are projected across twelve climatic zones based on the ensemble of the five well-performing high resolution downscaled climate models for each zone. There are warming patterns for the mean near surface air temperature (Tm), maximum near surface air temperature (Tmax), minimum near surface air temperature (Tmin) as well as heat stress and frost events. Under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, the three indices (i.e., Tm, Tmax and Tmin) countrywide are likely to increase at respective rates of 0.30-0.31 and 0.64-0.67 oC per decade. The extent of freezing-event extent (FE) are projected to decrease at a rate of -1912 and -4442 day·km2 per decade while the extent of heat-stress event (HE) increase at 1116 and 3557 day·km2 per decade. A higher increment in temperatures as well as a decreasing trend in the diurnal temperature range (DTR) and frost days and FE are present on the Tibetan Plateau and northern China including Xinjiang, Northeast China, the eastern part of northwest China, Inner Mongolia and North China. These trends are opposite to those projected for southern China including Huanghuai, Jianghuai, Jianghan, the south Yangzi River, South China and Southwestern China. The warming occur faster in the current colder zones (northern China and the Tibetan Plateau) while heat stress is more intense and severe in Jianghuai, Jianghan, the south Yangzi River, South China and Xinjiang. These potential changes indicate that adaption and mitigation strategies are necessary in response to future warming.
Second Harmonic Generation of Femtosecond Laser Pulses of Central Wavelength 1000 nm, 1100 nm and 1300 nm Using ZnO Nanorods
Authors: Alrefaee Maher , Panda Rudrashish , Sahoo Pratap Kumar , Das Ritwick , Datta Prasanta Kumar , Das Susanta Kumar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work high density ZnO nanorods were grown on glass substrate by using a two steps method. In the first step drop-casting method was used for growth of seed layer by taking Zinc Acetate Dihydrate as precursor. In the second step, ZnO nanorods were prepared through Chemical Bath Deposition process on this seed layer by taking Zinc Nitrate as precursor. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope study was done to study the morphology of grown ZnO nanorods. From this study the average diameter and length of nanorods were found to be 33 nm and 270 nm respectively. These nanorods are successfully used for second harmonic generation (SHG) of femtosecond laser pulses of central wavelengths like 1000 nm, 1100 nm and 1300 nm. Discussion is given on the significance of this result along with its potential application.
Post-laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Cystic Artery Stump Pseudoaneurysm Presenting With Haemobilia and Hematochezia: a Case Report With Literature Review
Authors: Sibira Dalal , Ahmed Mohamed Fatihelrahman , Aker Loai , Barah Ali , Almokdad Omran , Ladumor Sushila , Abdulhafeez Maysa , Al-Rashid Amal , Kambal Aalaa 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Cystic artery stump pseudoaneurysm (CASP) is a potentially life-threating condition that can be related to multiple etiologies, especially the iatrogenic factor owing to the increased number of hepatobiliary procedures. Most patients present with haemobilia. Here we report a rare case of unusual presentation of CASP with recurrent haemobilia and hematochezia. Case presentation: A 38-year-old patient developed bile duct injury after laparoscopic cholecystectomy which was identified by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). Later, she developed haemobilia due to CASP which was then treated by trans-arterial embolization (TAE) followed by fresh bleeding per rectum one month later. The latter complication eventually required surgical ligation.Conclusions: CASP is a rare complication after cholecystectomy that can present as upper gastrointestinal bleeding or rarely as fresh bleeding per rectum. Level of evidence: Level 4, Case report and literature review
The Relationship between IL-1β, IL-17, IL-33 and Bcl-2 and the Development of Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Nabil Ahmed , Mahmoud Basant , Abdel-Moneim Adel , Negeem Zinab 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is among the main complications of diabetes mellitus, and it has been the major factor of renal failure. The current investigation aims to address the association between beta-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-17, and IL-33 with the development of DN. Methods: In this study, twenty healthy volunteers plus hundred patients have been signed up. According to their biochemical markers, patients were categorized into 5 groups; diabetic, chronic renal disease, diabetic chronic renal disease, end-stage renal disease, and diabetic end-stage renal disease. Results: Our results showed a noticeable elevation in IL-1β and IL-17 levels and a reduce in IL-33 and Bcl-2 levels in all investigated groups relative to the healthy group. Positive correlations were reported between IL-1β with FBS and creatinine levels, IL-17, with HbA1c% and sodium levels. However, negative correlations were exerted between IL-33 with urea and sodium concentration, Bcl2 with HbA1c%, and creatinine levels.Conclusion: The present data revealed a marked relationship between Bcl-2, IL-1β, IL-17, and IL-33 levels and the progression of DN. Therefore, understanding the molecular pathways of inflammatory and apoptotic activities-related DN could be translated into the development of therapeutic strategies.
Expression of TLR10 in Peripheral B Cell Subsets of Patients with Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
Authors: Lai Nannan , Qian YiChao , Wu Yilin , Jiang Xi , Sun Honghua , Luo Zhaofan , Zhao Yanli , Zeng Changchun , Kang Yang , Zhan Xiao-Yong , Wang Qingwen , Tang Chun , Huang Bihui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is considered as a B cell-mediated disease, yet the precise role of B cells in the pathogenesis is not fully understood. Toll-like receptor 10 (TLR10) is highly expressed in human B cells, indicating that TLR10 probably plays a vital role in regulating B cell function as well as B cell-related diseases. However, the biology of TLR10 in pSS is less researched. Here, we examined the TLR10 expression in peripheral B cell subsets isolated from both pSS patients and healthy controls (HCs) and further analyzed the correlations between TLR10 expression and disease activity. We observed that TLR10 was highly expressed in switched memory B cells (CD19+CD27+IgD−) in the pSS patients compared with the HCs. TLR10 expression in CD19+ B cells, memory B cells (CD19+CD27+) and switched memory B cells in pSS patients was negatively correlated with serum levels of anti-SSA antibody and B cell-activating factor of TNF family (BAFF), respectively. A much lower proportion of high-activity pSS patients was observed in TLR10 high- as compared to low-expressed patients. TLR10 expression in CD19+ B cells, naïve B cells (CD19+CD27−IgD+), memory B cells, and switched memory B cells was significantly increased in low-activity pSS patients as compared with HCs and high-activity pSS patients. Our study concluded that TLR10 expression in CD19+ B, naive B, and memory B cells was negatively correlated with pSS disease activity, suggesting that TLR10 might play a critical in the progression of pSS.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward cervical cancer prevention among women in Khartoum state, Sudan
Authors: Siddig Emmanuel Edwar , Ahmed Ayman , Ahmed Eiman Siddig , Mohammed Mona Ali , Kunna Ezzan , El-sadig Sarah M , Ali Yousif , Mohamed Nouh Saad , Ali Eman Taha 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Cervical cancer is considered as the third most leading cause of death among female worldwide with most of the deaths were found to occur in the developing countries. Several etiological agents were studied however Human papilloma virus (HPV) is identified as the most common etiological agent that involved in the induction of cervical cancer. The aim of our current study was to assess the Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward cervical cancer prevention among women in Khartoum state, Sudan.
Methods

this is a descriptive cross-sectional community-based study. An electronic questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics like frequency, mean and percentage were computed using SPSS version 20.0 software program.
Results

About 716 females in age between 18 and 74 years old with a mean age 27.58 years (STD 8.74 years) have enrolled in this study. 93.7 of them are educated at university level or higher. Although that 580 (81.0%) of our study participants have heard about cervical cancer only 29 (4.1%) were vaccinated against HPV as a preventive measure against the disease.
Conclusion

We highly recommended conducting health education sessions for both the Obstetrician and females in reproductive age regarding the benefit of the Pap test in the early detection of the cervical intraepithelial lesions and malignancy as well as HPV vaccination should be introduced in the local healthcare facilities
Variability of Saharan Cyclone Tracks, I: Climatology Study
Authors: Labban Abdulhaleem H. , Awad Adel M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objectively, Saharan cyclones have been detected for the period from 1967 to 2019 using mean sea level pressure (SLP); their tracks have been specified from nearest neighbor cyclonic positions and classified into long/short tracks depending on the area of influence of the cyclones. Additionally, the detected long tracks have been objectively classified into five main routes directed generally eastward, northeastward and northward, accounting for approximately 41.6%, 19.7% and 30.4% of the total long tracks, respectively. Mainly for long tracks, three cyclogenesis areas, where more than 99% of cyclones are generated, were identified, with more than 61% generated in the Atlas region. Moreover, four far cyclolysis areas were identified, where approximately 74% of these cyclones terminated, with more than 66% of them terminating in the eastern study region. Furthermore, statistical analysis indicated that Saharan cyclones are commonly generated in the spring and summer, with ~35.3% and 46.3%, respectively. However, the highest numbers occur in spring in the northern Saharan and in summer in the southern Saharan, with ~49.1% and 57.7%, respectively. Temporally, the monthly distribution indicates that most of the cyclones moving along the five main routes are generated in warm months, namely, May to August. Approximately 85% of these cyclones have a lifespan of three days, while only 1% span more than five days.
Meta-analysis of Heavy Metal and Arsenic Ecological-risk Assessment and Sources in Surface Sediments of Lake Wuliangsuhai, China
Authors: He Huaijie , Liu Ling , Yan Wenming 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Heavy metal and arsenic (As) concentrations in the overlying water of Lake WLSH from 2013-2017 to evaluate the water quality of the lake. Heavy metal and As concentrations in Lake WLSH surface sediment from studies performed between 2009-2017 were analyzed of heavy metal geo-accumulation, potential ecological risk and toxicity data for Lake WLSH surface sediment was performed to allow heavy metal and As pollution of Lake WLSH surface sediment to be described clearly, objectively, and comprehensively. The following four main conclusions were drawn. (1) The water quality index of the overlying water showed a tendency of slight pollution in the lake from 2013 to 2017. (2) Pollution by the heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr) and As in Lake WLSH should be given increased attention. (3) The geoaccumulation indices showed that Cd is the most critical pollutant and that the probabilities of Lake WLSH sediment being slightly polluted and moderately polluted were found to be 72.8% and 11.3%, respectively. (4) Cd is the main contributor (75.2%) to potential ecological risks, and although As is at a low toxicity level, its toxicity-risk contribution is higher than that of other metals (approximately 31%). (5) Positive matrix factorization (PMF) model results indicated that industrial and agricultural resources are the main suppliers of heavy metals to Lake WLSH sediment, contributing 43.2% and 42.6% of the heavy metals and As. The summarized results and conclusions can help the local government further understand heavy metals and As pollution in Lake WLSH and develop corresponding pollution-control measures. This study can also serve as a reference for future research on the heavy metals and As pollution of sediment in Lake WLSH and other lakes.
Enhancing Precursor Quality of Cu-In-S Ternary Thin Films by Applying More Appropriate Deposition Procedure
Authors: Yildirim Hasan , Peksoz Ahmet 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Copper indium sulphur (CIS) thin films were electrochemically grown from an acidic aqueous solution including 10 mM CuCl2, 10 mM InCl3, 20 mM Na2S2O3 and 200 mM LiCl. Deposition potential is determined by means of cyclic voltammetry analysis. The precursor CIS thin films are produced at -1.10 V for 600 s, -0.90 V for 300 s and a mixed potential of -0.25 V for 150 s and -1.10 V for 150 s. It is reported that surface morphology and film stoichiometry vary remarkably with the deposition parameters. SEM images show a variation in the grain shape, homogeneity and agglomeration due to the different Cu/In ratio. The produced films have XRD peaks belonging to both CIS2 crystalline phase and S element. The produced CIS material at -1.1 V has a band gap of 1.66 eV. The CIS thin film produced at -0.9 V has three different band gaps such as 1.76, 2.59 and 2.85 eV. The CIS material produced by two steps has also three different band gaps between 1.59 and 2.74 eV. The CIS films are p-type, and resistivity and mobility data are in the range 6.56-8.61 Ωcm and 8.68-22.2 cm2/Vs, respectively. It is found that the acceptor concentration of CIS thin films varies between 2.48x1017 and 1.06x1018 cm-3. In summary, this study reports a procedure to produce high-quality precursor CIS thin films, highlighting a promising material to be used in heterostructure photovoltaic devices as a p-type absorber layer.
The Effect of Fertilized Egg White on Growth, Migration, Differentiation and Genes Expression Profile in SW480 Colon Cancer Cell Line
Authors: monji hadi , Zand Hamid , Ghorbani Arman , Pourvali Katayoun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Embryonic microenvironments influence cancer stem cells properties, which leads to anti-cancer effects. Therefore, the current study investigates the effects of fertilized egg white, as an embryonic/fetal microenvironment, on survival, apoptosis, self-renewal characteristic, stemness properties, and migration capacity of SW480 colon cancer cells and 5-fluorouracil (5FU) resistant subgroup.Methods: MTT and Flow cytometry was used to study the cell viability and cell cycle analysis. Clonogenic, spheroid formation, and wound healing assays were used to evaluate cancer cells' self-renewal, stemness properties, and migration capacity. RT-PCR was performed to analyze NANOG, c-MYC, E-cadherin, and NDRG1 mRNA expression.Results: The SW480 colon carcinoma cell line and SW480-5FU chemo-resistant subpopulation cells were subjected to Fertilized Egg White (FEW). FEW decreased cell viability and increased the percentage of the sub-G1 stage in both cell lines. In addition, colony and spheroid formations were decreased in both cells, and the FEW inhibited the migration. Expression of NANOG and c-MYC were reduced in both cells. E-cadherin and NDRG1 expression increased in SW480 cells.Conclusion: FEW decreased the SW480 colon cancer cell line and the SW480-5FU chemo-resistant subpopulation growth and migration. Also, by the changes observed in gene expression and spheroid formation, we suggest the possibility of decreased stemness properties and induction of differentiation following fertilized egg white treatment.
Residue Interactions Affecting The Deprotonation of Internal Guanine Moieties In Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Calculated By FMO Methods
Authors: Zamorano-Carrillo Absalom , Arreola-Jardón Gerardo , Pless Reynaldo C. , González-Olvera Julio C. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The effect of vicinal molecular groups on the intrinsic acidity of a central guanine residue in short single-stranded DNA models, and the potentials exerted by the backbone and the nucleobases on the leaving proton were determined by the Fragment Molecular Orbital (FMO) method, in terms of quantum descriptors (QD) and pair interaction interfragment decomposition analysis (PIEDA). The acidity of the central guanine moiety decreased with increasing oligonucleotide length, in response to changes by less than1 eV in the ionization potential, global softness, electrophilicity index and electronegativity descriptors. The differences in these descriptors were majorly interpreted in terms of the electrostatic influence of the negative charges residing on the backbone of the molecule. Additionally, this electric-field effect was determined explicitly for the displacement of the test hydronium ion to a distance of 250 Å from its original position, resulting in good agreement with calculations of the variation in Gibbs free energies, obtained from physical experiments conducted on the identical oligonucleotide sequences. The reported results are useful for biophysical applications of deoxyriboligonucleotides containing guanine residues in order to induce local negative charges at specific positions in the DNA chain.
Bacteriological Profile of Conjunctiva Bacterial Flora in the Northeast of China: A Hospital-Based Study
Authors: Xu Shuo , Zhang Hong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the distribution and influencing factors of pre-operative conjunctival flora from patients undergoing penetrating ocular surgeries in northeast of China.Methods: An observational and cross-sectional study design was used. In 305 eyes of 305 patients without infective eye diseases who underwent ocular surgeries in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between May 2018 and May 2019, conjunctival sac scrapings were collected on the day before surgery.Results: The mean age of participants was 60.73 ± 14.23 years, with the majority being female, married and unemployed with at least primary school education. The positive culture rate was 48.20% (147/305 eyes), and a total of 191 bacterial strains were isolated, 22.45% (33/147) positive samples had two or more strains isolated. The most commonly isolated bacteria was Staphylococcus epidermidis (64.92%), surpassing Staphylococcus aureus (5.76%). The culture positive rate of young (18-40 years) group was different between the females(26.67%) and the males(69.23%)(P = 0.024), but in middle aged group and the elderly group, the rates between the sexes were similar with increased trend. Patients visited in summer or autumn presented a higher positive rate than other seasons. The hypertensive women had a higher rate than hypertensive men(58.14% vs. 40%, X2 =5.8662，P = 0.0154). Conclusions: In northeast of China, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most common pre-operative conjunctival bacteria. The hypertensive female patients, elderly patients, or operated patients in summer and autumn should pay more attention to perioperative treatment.Trial registration number：ChiCTR2100044659
Identification of Key Pathways and Genes in the Subcutaneous Fat Tissue from Different Sexes of Pigs using WGCNA Method
Authors: wang huiyu , wang xiaoyi , li mingli , wang shuyan , chen qiang , lu shaoxiong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Obesity is a complex disease that will endanger human life and health, and obesity is closely related to subcutaneous fat deposition. Some studies have shown the significant association between subcutaneous fat deposition and sex. However, the molecular mechanisms for this association are still unclear. The objective of this study is to identify key pathways and genes related to the subcutaneous adipose tissue between different sexes of pigs.Results: A total of 16 coexpression modules were detected, of which two sex-related modules were found. Functional enrichment analyses showed that the genes in the purple module were mainly enriched in some pathways related to lipid metabolism such as Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes. The genes in the magenta module mainly involved in some pathways related to immunity such as Defense response to virus and Immune response. Furthermore, 7 extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes and 7 lipid metabolism-related genes were identified in the purple module. In the magenta module, 17 genes and 2 transcription factors participating in Type I interferon response were identified which were associated with immunity. Conclusions: The present study identified key pathways and genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue from different sexes of pigs, which provided some insights into the molecular mechanism involving in fat formation and immunoregulation between pigs with different sexes. These findings may be helpful for breeding in pig industry and obesity treatment in medicine.
A Case of ‘All-or-None’? The Impact of Airline Travel On The Precocity And Severity of Covid-19 In Sub-National Areas Across 46 Countries
Authors: Recchi Ettore , Ferrara Alessandro , Sanchez Alejandra Rodriguez , Deutschmann Emanuel , Gabrielli Lorenzo , Iacus Stefano , Bastiani Luca , Spyratos Spyridon , Vespe Michele 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Human travel fed the worldwide spread of Covid-19, but it remains unclear whether the volume of incoming air passengers and the centrality of airports in the global airline network made some regions more vulnerable to earlier and higher mortality. We assess whether the precocity and severity of Covid-19 deaths were contingent on these measures of air travel intensity, controlling for differences in local non-pharmaceutical interventions and pre-pandemic structural characteristics of 503 sub-national areas on five continents in April-July 2020. OLS models of precocity (i.e., the timing of the 1st and 10th death outbreaks) reveal that the volume of incoming passengers and the centrality of airports were not impactful once we controlled for local characteristics. We model severity (i.e., the weekly death incidence of Covid-19) with both GLMM and OLS regressions. Results suggest that death incidence was insensitive to the number of passengers and airport centrality, with no substantial changes over time. However, total travel bans did reduce mortality significantly. We conclude that Covid-19 importation through air travel followed an ‘All-or-None’ principle: it contributed to mortality at all times but not proportionally to the number of incoming passengers nor the position of airports in the global network of travel.