bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of early home-based strength and sensory-motor training after total hip arthroplasty: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mirt Pika Krištof , Strojnik Vojko , Kavčič Gregor , Trebše Rihard 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTotal hip arthroplasty (THA) is very effective in alleviating pain, but functional deficits persist up to a year following surgery. Regardless of standard physiotherapy programs, significant additional muscular atrophy and weakness occurs. Deficits in strength have serious adverse consequences for these patients with respect to physical function, the maintenance of independence and the requirement for revision surgery. Progressive resistance training in rehabilitation following THA has been shown to significantly enhance muscle strength and function. The fundamental principle is to progressively overload the exercised muscle as it becomes stronger. Different strength training protocols have been used at different times in the postoperative phase, in group or individual practices, with major differences being in center-based and home-based programs with or without supervision. The primary objectives of our study are to evaluate whether an early postoperative home-based strength training protocol is feasible for all elective THA patients, does not cause major adverse effects and can improve patient functional outcomes at 3 months and 1 year following surgery.Methods/DesignThis study is a prospective multicenter randomized clinical trial to be conducted in the orthopedic departments of two Slovenian hospitals. In each hospital, 124 patients aged 60 or older with unilateral osteoarthritis, an ASA score between 1 and 3, signed informed consent form, and no terminal illness disabling rehabilitation participation will be randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. THA with an anterior approach will be performed. All patients will receive current standard physiotherapy during hospitalization. Patients in the intervention group will also learn strength and sensory-motor training exercises. Upon discharge all will receive USB drives with exercise videos, written exercise instructions and a training diary. Physiotherapists will perform the assessments (physical tests and the maximal voluntary isometric contraction assessment), and patients will fill out outcome assessment questionnaires (the Harris Hip Score and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey) at baseline and 1, 3 and 12 months after surgery.DiscussionThe main purpose of our study is to design a new standardized rehabilitation protocol with videos that will be effective, safe and accessible to all Slovenian THA patients.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04061993. Protocol ID: PRT_PhD. Record Verification April 2021. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04061993
MCM7 Ubiquitination Regulates CMG Helicase Disassembly in Human
Authors: Sun Qianqian , Liu Kun , Li Fangzhou , Qiu Bingquan , Fu Zhisong , Mao Zebin , Tong Tanjun , Zhao Wenhui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe disassembly of the replisome plays an essential role in maintaining genome stability at the termination of DNA replication. However, the mechanism of replisome disassembly remains unknown in human. In this study, we screened E3 ligases and deubiquitinases (DUBs) for the ubiquitination of minichromosome maintenance protein (MCM) 7 and provided evidence of this process driving CMG helicase disassembly in human tumor cells. MethodsSILAC-MS/MS was analyzed to identify ubiquitinated proteins in HeLa cells. The ubiquitination/deubiquitylation assay in vitro and in vivo were detected by Western blot. Thymidine and HU were implied to synchronized cell cycle，and detect the role of ubiquitinated MCM7 in cell cycle. Cell fractionation assay was used to detect the function of ubiquitination of MCM7 in chromatin and non-chromatin. Aphidicolin、Etoposide、ICRF-193 and IR were applied to cause replication fork stalling. MG-132 and NMS-873 were used to inhibit the proteasome degradation and p97 segregase. Flow cytometer and FlowJo flow cytometry software were used to cell cycle analysis.ResultsIn our study, we found that the ubiquitin ligase RNF8 catalyzes the k63-linked poly-ubiquitination of MCM7 both in vivo and in vitro, and lysine 145 of MCM7 is the primary ubiquitination site. Moreover, the poly-ubiquitination of MCM7 mainly exists in the chromatin, which is dynamically regulated by the cell cycle, mainly occurs in the late S phase. And DNA damage can significantly reduce the poly-ubiquitylation of MCM7 in the late S phage. Furthermore, the proteasome, p97 segregase, USP29 and ATXN3 are required for the removal of MCM7 ubiquitination to promote the disassembly of CMG on chromatin. ConclusionsIn the late S phage of cell cycle, RNF8 catalyzes the poly-ubiquitination of MCM7, and then initiates the disassembly of CMG helicase from chromatin, which is mediated by p97, proteasome, USP29 and ATXN3 in human. We reveal the novel function of the poly-ubiquitylation of MCM7, which is a regulatory signal to control CMG complex unloading at replication termination sites.
Infarct Growth Precedes Cerebral Thrombosis Following Experimental Stroke in Mice
Authors: Göb Vanessa , Voll Maximilian G. , Zimmermann Lena , Hemmen Katherina , Stoll Guido , Nieswandt Bernhard , Schuhmann Michael K. , Heinze Katrin G. , Stegner David 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Ischemic stroke is among the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. In acute ischemic stroke, successful recanalization of occluded vessels is the primary therapeutic aim, but even if it is achieved, not all patients benefit. Although blockade of platelet aggregation did not prevent infarct progression, cerebral thrombosis as cause of secondary infarct growth has remained a matter of debate. As cerebral thrombi are frequently observed after experimental stroke, a thrombus-induced impairment of the brain microcirculation is considered to contribute to tissue damage. Here, we combine the model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) with light sheet fluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemistry of brain slices to investigate the kinetics of thrombus formation and infarct progression. Our data reveal that tissue damage already peaks after 8 h of reperfusion following 60 min MCAO, while cerebral thrombi are only observed at later time points. Thus, cerebral thrombosis is not causative for secondary infarct growth during ischemic stroke.
Trends of CO and NO2 Pollutants Change in Iran during Covid-19 Pandemic using Time-Series Sentinel-5 Images in Google Earth Engine
Authors: Shami Siavash , Ranjgar Babak , Azar Mahdi Khoshlahjeh , Moghimi Armin , Sabetghadam Samaneh , Amani Meisam 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The end of the Persian year (March 2020) coincided with its global pandemic, which led to quarantine and lockdown in Iran. Many studies have shown that with the spread of this disease and the decline of industrial activities, environmental pollutants were drastically reduced. Among these pollutants, Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) are widely caused by anthropogenic and industrial activities. In this study, the changes of these pollutants in Iran and its four metropolises (i.e., Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, and Tabriz) in three time periods from March 11 to April 8 of 2019, 2020, and 2021 were investigated. To this end, time-series of the Sentinel-5P TROPOMI and in-situ data within the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud-based platform were employed. It was observed that the results obtained from the satellite data were in agreement with the in-situ data (average correlation coefficient =0.7). Moreover, the concentration of NO 2 and CO pollutants in 2020 was 5% lower than in 2019, indicating the observance of quarantine rules as well as people’s initial fear of the Coronavirus. Contrarily, these pollutants in 2021 were higher than those in 2020 by 5%, which could be due to high vehicle traffic and the lack of serious policy by the government to ban urban and interurban traffic. Furthermore, the increase of these pollutants in 2021 was followed by an increase in the deaths caused by Covid-19 and triggering the fourth peak in the Covid-19 cases, signifying a link between exposure to air pollution and Covid-19 mortality in Iran.
Multi-Center Evaluation of Artificial Intelligent Imaging and Clinical Models for Predicting Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Breast Cancer
Authors: Qi Tan Hong , Hian Ong Hiok , Kumaran Arjunan Muthu , Tan Tira J. , Cong Ryan Shea Tan Ying , Su-Xin Ghislaine Lee , Hsuen Elaine Lim , Hui Raymond Ng Chee , Chert Richard Yeo Ming , Tching Faye Lynette Lim Wei , Zewen Zhang , Hui Christina Yang Shi , Xin Wong Ru , Kai Gideon Ooi Su , Hao Lester Leong Chee , Ming Tan Su , Preetha Madhukumar , Yirong Sim , Mien Veronique Tan Kiak , Yeong Joe , Yong Wong Fuh , Yiyu Cai , Nei Wen Long , na JBCR ,   Ai3 na
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) plays an important role in the management of locally advanced breast cancer. It allows for downstaging of tumours, potentially allowing for breast conservation. NAC also allows for in-vivo testing of the tumours’ response to chemotherapy and provides important prognostic information. There are currently no clearly defined clinical models that incorporate imaging with clinical data to predict response to NAC. Thus, the aim of this work is to develop a predictive AI model based on routine CT imaging and clinical parameters to predict response to NAC.
Methods:
The CT scans of 324 patients with NAC from multiple centers in Singapore were used in this study. Four different radiomics models were built for predicting pathological complete response (pCR): first two were based on textural features extracted from peri-tumoral and tumoral regions, the third model based on novel space-resolved radiomics which extract feature maps using voxel-based radiomics and the fourth model based on Deep Learning (DL). Clinical parameters were included to build a final prognostic model.
Results:
The best performing models were based on space-resolved and deep learning approaches. Space-resolved radiomics improves the clinical AUCs of pCR prediction from 0.743 (0.650 to 0.831) to 0.775 (0.685 to 0.860) and our DL model improved it from 0.743 (0.650 to 0.831) to 0.772 (0.685 to 0.853). The tumoral radiomics model performs the worst with no improvement of the AUC from the clinical model. The peri-tumoral combined model gives moderate performance with an AUC of 0.765 (0.671 to 0.855).
Conclusions:
Radiomics features extracted from diagnostic CT augments the predictive ability of pathological complete response when combined with clinical features. The novel space-resolved radiomics and deep learning radiomics approaches outperformed conventional radiomics techniques.
Spatio-Temporal Pollution Forecasting using Hybrid Networks
Authors: Nath Pritthijit , Saha Pratik , Middya Asif Iqbal , Roy Sarbani 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Rising real estate prices along with expensive maintenance costs, and lack of spares during times of instrument failure have become major issues for statutory bodies when dealing with real-time pollution monitoring stations. As a possible solution to these problems, a novel class of hybrid spatio-temporal pollution forecasting networks which are a combination of various widely used temporal forecasting methods and spatial interpolation methods have been proposed in this paper. In addition, a novel multi-site Multi Layer Perception based Ensemble method, capable of improving accuracy by taking exogenous variables into account, has also been proposed. Experimental results based on the multi-site air pollution data of Beijing demonstrate that the proposed class of hybrid networks have been effective in predicting the pollution of unknown locations with great levels of accuracy. Moreover, the proposed novel MLP Ensemble method for spatial interpolation has also been empirically shown to perform equivalently in comparison to commonly used spatial interpolation methods.
Knowledge and Social Beliefs of Malaria and Prevention Strategies Among Itinerant Nomadic Arabs, Fulanis and Dagazada groups in Chad: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Moukénet Azoukalné , Beakgoubé Honoré , Smith Helen , Moundine Kebfene , Djonkamla Wang-Mbe , Richardson Sol , Dormbaye Makido , Ngarasta Ngarkodje , Seck Ibrahima 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Nomadic populations in Chad are at increased risk of contracting malaria because of their lifestyle. Being highly mobile they are often excluded from disease control programs, and access to preventive measures and treatment is more difficult. Effective malaria control interventions take account of local modes of transmission, patterns of care-seeking behavior and community perceptions of cause and prevention practices. There is currently little information about malaria knowledge and perceptions among nomadic groups in Chad, or their awareness of malaria control interventions and this study sought to address this knowledge gap. Methods: A mixed methods study, including a cross-sectional survey with men and women (n = 78) to determine the level of knowledge and use of malaria prevention strategies among Arabs, Peuls and Dagazada nomadic groups. Three focus group discussions were conducted with women to explore their representation of malaria and knowledge of preventive methods. Key informant interviews were held with leaders of nomadic groups (n = 6) to understand perception of malaria risk among itinerant communities.Results: nomads are aware of the risk of malaria, recognize the symptoms and have local explanations for the disease. Reported use of preventive interventions such as Seasonal Malaria Chemoprophylaxis (SMC) for children and Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPT) of malaria in pregnancy was very low. However, 42.3% of respondents reported owning at least one LLIN and 60% said they slept under an LLIN the night before the survey. In case of a malaria episode, nomads seek clinicians, informal drug sellers in the street or market for self-medication, or traditional medicine depending on their financial means. Interviews with nomad leaders and discussions with women provide key themes on: (i) social representation of malaria risk and (ii) social representation of malaria and (iii) perspectives on malaria prevention and (iv) malaria treatment practices.Conclusion: The nomadic groups included in this study are aware of risk of malaria and their level of exposure. Local interpretations of the cause of malaria could be addressed through tailored and appropriate health education. Except for LLINs, malaria prevention interventions are not well known or used. Financial barriers lowered access to both mosquito nets and malaria treatment. Reducing the barriers highlighted in this study will improve access to the healthcare system for nomadic groups, and increase the opportunity to create awareness of and improve uptake of SMC and IPT among women and children.
“Characterization, Cytotoxicity, and Genotoxicity Properties of Novel Biomediated Nanosized-Silver By Egyptian Streptomyces Roseolus For Safe Antimicrobial Applications”
Authors: Nadi Asmaa El , Sorour Noha Mohamed , Abbas Rateb 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
For biosafety purposes, the genotoxicity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) was assessed using comet assay for the first time on Blood Lymphocytes, with zero tail migration and 100% head intensity indicating non-genotoxic effect. Ag-NPs have been projected as a new generation of antimicrobial agents because of its antimicrobial property. Ag-NPs were biomediated by Egyptian Streptomyces roseolus for the first time, that was molecularly identified using 16S rRNA sequencing under accession no. MT071505. Biosynthesized Ag-NPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, TEM, FTIR, and DLS. FTIR confirmed the presence of different bioactive functional groups, such as, O-H, N-H, C-H, C-O-C, C-NH2, and C=O acting as reducing-stabilizing agents for biosynthesized Ag-NPs. Biosynthesized Ag-NPs exhibited antimicrobial activity against some multi-drug resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. MBC of biosynthesized Ag-NPs against Listeria monocytogenes and Klebsiella pneumonia were 0.195 and 0.048 mg/mL, respectively, with tolerance level of 2 confirming its biocidal effect. SEM imaging of Ag-NPs-treated L. monocytogenes and K. pneumonia showed shrunk destroyed cells after 6h. Biosynthesized Ag-NPs exhibited IC50 of <0.3 and 8.21 mg/mL, respectively, on normal Human Skin Fibroblast, and Blood Lymphocytes. IC50 values were significantly higher than its MBC values, with no harmful cytotoxic-effect, thus can be safely applied at its biocidal concentration. An ecofriendly biomediated synthesis of Ag-NPs was described with easy scale-up, non-toxic by-products, so, it can be recommended as powerful-safe antimicrobial agent.
Global Myocardial Work in Coronary Artery Disease Patients Without Regional Wall Motion Abnormality: Correlation With Gensini Score
Authors: Li Miao , Wang Yuhao , Li Lin , Wu Wenfang , Zhang Pingyang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
PurposeThis study aimed to investigate global myocardial work (GMW), derived from non-invasive left ventricular (LV) pressure-strain loops (PSLs) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients without regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA), and explored the relationship between GMW and severity of CAD using Gensini score (GS) . Methods120 patients prepared for coronary angiography (CAG) who had left ventricular ejection fraction≥55%, no resting RWMA in two-dimensional echocardiography were enrolled. Global longitudinal strain (GLS), GMW parameters (including global myocardial work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global wasted work (GWW) and global myocardial work efficiency (GWE)) were quantified. The severity of coronary lesions was evaluated by GS system based on CAG findings. We divided CAG-confirmed CAD patients into three subgroups according to the tertiles of GS: low 0<GS 16, mid 16<GS 38, and high GS>38. ResultsCAD patients showed a significantly reduced GLS and GWE, but an increased GWW. GLS, GWE, GWI and GCW were significantly decreased in the high-GS group while GWW was increased. GLS, GWE, GWI and GCW was negatively correlated with the GS, GWW was positively correlated with GS. Multivariate regression analysis showed that GWE was the independent factor of predicting coronary stenosis. ROC analysis demonstrated that GWE was the most powerful predictor of high-GS and was superior to GLS. GWE under 91% had the optimal sensitivity and specificity for identifying high-GS. ConclusionThe proposed GWE, which outperformed the GLS, showed the optimal performance and could be considered as a potential predictive indicator to detect severe coronary disease in non-RWMA CAD patients.
Irinotecan Loaded Lipomers: Development, And Characterization For Proof of Concept To Combat Colon Cancer
Authors: Giram Prabhanjan S , Garnaik Baijayantimala 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
PLGA Poly (lactide-co-Glycolide) is a biocompatible and biodegradable copolymer gained popularity for tissue engineering, drug delivery, biosensing, and biomedical applications. In the present study PLGA of (Mw =13,900) has synthesized by ring opening polymerization with zinc proline initiator. Irinotecan (Ir) loaded Lipomers (LPs) formulated with PLGA, DSPE-PEG (2000) (1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino (polyethylene glycol)-2000) and soya lecithin excipients by nanoprecipitation method. These formulated LPs further validated by physicochemical and biological potential for colon delivery applications. The potential of LPs for delivery of Irinotecan (Ir), a poorly water-soluble chemotherapeutic drug used for the treatment of colon cancer was studied. LPs of controlled size (80-120 nm), surface charge (~ -35 mV), sustained release potential and significant cytotoxicity against CT-26 (colon) cancer cells, were successfully prepared. In-vivo biodistribution and tumor site retention in CT-26 xenografts tumor bearing Balb/C mice showed promising result for tumor uptake and retention for prolong time period. Unlike P-DSPE-Ir, PEG coated P-DSPE-PEG-Ir LPs exhibit significant tumor growth delay compared to untreated and blank formulation treated groups in the CT-26 subcutaneous tumor model, after 4 treatments of 10 mg Ir/kg dose. The biocompatibility, safety of LPs confirmed by acute toxicity study of optimized formulation. Overall, this proof-of-concept study demonstrates that the LPs improved efficacy, bioavailability and decreases neutropenia of Ir to combat colon cancer.
Feasibility of Adding Twitter Data to Aid Drought Depiction: Case Study in Colorado
Authors: Mukherjee Sarbajit , Wang Shih-Yu , Hirschfeld Daniella , Lisonbee Joel , Deng Liping , Gillies Robert 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The use of social media, such as Twitter, has changed the information landscape for citizens participation in crisis response and recovery activities. Given that drought progression is slow and also spatially extensive, an interesting set of questions arise: How the usage of Twitter by a large population may change during the development of a major drought alongside how changing usage promotes drought detection? For this reason, by investigating contemporary procedures, this paper scrutinizes the potential to advance drought depiction. Hence, an analysis of how social media data, in conjunction with meteorological records, was conducted towards improvement in the detection of drought and furthermore, its progression. The research utilized machine learning techniques applied over satellite-derived drought conditions in Colorado. Specifically, 3 different machine learning techniques were examined: the generalized linear model, support vector machines and deep learning, each applied to test the integration of Twitter data with meteorological records as a predictor of drought development. It is maintained that the data integration of resources is viable given that the Twitter-based model outperformed the control run which did not include social media input. Furthermore the Twitter-based model was superior in predicting drought severity.
Mechanisms of Initiation, Runout, and Rainfall Thresholds of Extreme-Precipitation-Induced Debris Flows
Authors: Subramanian Srikrishnan Siva , Yunus Ali. P. , Jasin Faheed , Abraham Minu Treesa , Sathyam Neelima , Asch Theo van , Bhatia Udit 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The frequency of unprecedented extreme precipitation events is increasing, and consequently, catastrophic debris flows occur in regions worldwide. Rapid velocity and long-runout distances of debris flow induce massive loss of life and damage to infrastructure. Despite extensive research, understanding the initiation mechanisms and defining early warning thresholds for extreme-precipitation-induced debris flows remain a challenge. Due to the nonavailability of extreme events in the past, statistical models cannot determine thresholds from historical datasets. Here, we develop a numerical model to analyze the initiation and runout of extreme-precipitation-induced runoff-generated debris flows and derive the Intensity-Duration (ID) rainfall threshold. We choose the catastrophic debris flow on 6 August 2020 in Pettimudi, Kerala, India, for our analysis. Our model satisfactorily predicts the accumulation thickness (7 m to 8 m) and occurrence time of debris flow compared to the benchmark. Results reveal that the debris flow was rapid, traveling with a maximum velocity of 9 m/s for more than 9 minutes. The ID rainfall threshold defined for the event suggests earlier thresholds are not valid for debris flow triggered by extreme precipitation. The methodology we develop in this study is helpful to derive ID rainfall thresholds for debris flows without historical data.