bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Native Gold and Au-Pt Alloy in Eclogite Xenoliths of Kalyandurg KL-2 Kimberlite, Anantapur District, South India
Authors: Mukherjee Abhijeet , Tiwari Pankaj , Verma C.B. , Babu E.V.S.S.K. , Sarathi Jena Partha 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The paper pertains to the studies carried out on the eclogitic xenoliths of KL-2 kimberlite of Kalyandurg kimberlite cluster in south India. Petrographic studies revealed bi-mineralic and kyanite-bearing eclogitic xenoliths in KL-2 kimberlite. The bi-mineralic and kyanite-bearing eclogites of Kalyandurg KL-2 kimberlite pipe show variation in modal proportion of garnet, omphacite, clinopyroxene and kyanite. The paper reports discovery of native gold grains and Au-Pt alloy in the kyanite-bearing eclogite xenoliths of KL-2 kimberlite. The flaky gold grains occurring in the matrix of kyanite-bearing eclogite are homogeneous and two grains of Au-Pt alloy with Au and Pt in the proportion of 9.8:1.2 are also present. This is the first report of gold and gold-platinum alloy specs from eclogitic xenoliths of Indian kimberlites.
Authigenic δ13C-carb Negative Excursion in the Late Ediacaran-Early Cambrian Bilara Group, Marwar Supergroup, India
Authors: Ansari A.H. , Pandey S.K. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Late Ediacaran-early Cambrian sedimentary rocks from different palaeogeographical locations have recorded heterogeneous extreme negative carbon isotope excursions, which is commonly interpreted as a major event in the concurrent global carbon cycling. To understand the inorganic and organic carbon sourcing and type of the depositional environment that led to the negative δ13C-carb excursion, this study has re-assessed the high resolution inorganic and organic isotopes (δ13C-carb, δ18O-carb, and δ13C-org) and total organic carbon (TOC) data from the late Ediacaran-early Cambrian carbonate section of the Bilara Group, Marwar Supergroup, India. Statistical correlation analysis among δ13C-carb, δ18O-carb, δ13C-org and TOC data suggest that the Bilara carbonates were mainly deposited in a closed/semiclosed oligotrophic palaeobasin that was intermittently connected to the open ocean during eustatic sea-level rise. Steered by the water-level/volume fluctuations in the Bilara palaeobasin, the epicenter of carbonate precipitation shifted between the surface water column and sediment-water interface/sedimentary column. The negative δ13C-carb excursion was a result of increased authigenic carbonate precipitation, fuelled by anaerobic oxidation of organic matter at the sediment-water interface/ in the sedimentary column during the high water-level/volume in the Bilara palaeobasin.
The Great Flood and its Aftermath in Kashmir Valley: Impact, Consequences and Vulnerability Assessment
Authors: Malik Ishfaq Hussain , Hashmi S. Najmul Islam 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Floods have serious implications on land and people. They disrupt the ecological balance, hamper the economic development, affect the social fabric of the society, create chaos, damage the infrastructure, put constraints on the movement of people and create displacement of millions of people. In 2014, Kashmir Valley witnessed the worst flood in the last 100 years. The impact of the flood is still felt in the Kashmir Valley, which has changed the perception of the people of the valley regarding floods. The flood had enormous impact on environment, economy, society, political set up and all the aspects of life. The present study analyses the impact of the 2014 flood in Kashmir valley and its aftermath. It analyses the physical and social vulnerability of different districts regarding floods and analyses the variability of the impact. The study is based on primary as well as secondary sources of data, and the data was analysed by statistical techniques like Z-score and composite Z-score and also remote sensing techniques and GIS.
Single-nucleus transcriptomic landscape of primate hippocampal aging
Authors: Zhang Hui , Li Jiaming , Ren Jie , Sun Shuhui , Ma Shuai , Zhang Weiqi , Yu Yang , Cai Yusheng , Yan Kaowen , Li Wei , Hu Baoyang , Chan Piu , Zhao Guo-Guang , Belmonte Juan Carlos Izpisua , Zhou Qi , Qu Jing , Wang Si , Liu Guang-Hui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe hippocampus plays a crucial role in learning and memory, and its progressive deterioration with age is functionally linked to a variety of human neurodegenerative diseases. Yet a systematic profiling of the aging effects on various hippocampal cell types in primates is still missing. Here, we reported a variety of new aging-associated phenotypic changes of the primate hippocampus. These include, in particular, increased DNA damage and heterochromatin erosion with time, alongside loss of proteostasis and elevated inflammation. To understand their cellular and molecular causes, we established the first single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of primate hippocampal aging. Among the 12 identified cell types, neural transiently amplifying progenitor cell (TAPC) and microglia were most affected by aging. In-depth dissection of gene-expression dynamics revealed impaired TAPC division and compromised neuronal function along the neurogenesis trajectory; additionally elevated pro-inflammatory responses in the aged microglia and oligodendrocyte, as well as dysregulated coagulation pathways in the aged endothelial cells may contribute to a hostile microenvironment for neurogenesis. This rich resource for understanding primate hippocampal aging may provide potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic interventions against age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Aktivitäten von Akteuren in Schweizer Bildungslandschaften – Welchen potenziellen Beitrag zu mehr Chancengerechtigkeit könnten sie leisten?
Authors: Koszuta Anja , Werner Ricarda , Huber Stephan G. 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Artikel werden zunächst theoretische Überlegungen zu möglichen gerechtigkeitsbezogenen Unterstützungsleistungen durch Bildungslandschaften für das Schulsystem angestellt. Anschließend werden diese Überlegungen mit den Aktivitäten innerhalb von Bildungslandschaften anhand einer Dokumentenanalyse in Bezug gesetzt. Ziel des Papers ist zu untersuchen, welche Gerechtigkeitsdimensionen durch die Maßnahmen, die durch die Bildungslandschaften entstanden sind, berücksichtigt werden. Als Datengrundlage gelten Dokumente, die im Rahmen der Berichterstattung an die geldgebende Stiftung (z. B. Zwischenreportings über den aktuellen Stand des Projekts, Schlussberichte) sowie Dokumentationen, Flyern u. ä. zu Massnahmen, die in vereinzelten Bildungslandschaften entstanden sind. Die Befunde verdeutlichen, dass die Aktivitäten von Bildungslandschaften vor allem Aspekte der Integrationskraft berühren. Hierzu zählen auf Ebene der Bevölkerung die Schaffung von Austausch- und Begegnungsgelegenheiten und informierenden Angebote sowie die Sichtbarmachung vorhandener Angebote und auf Ebene der Akteure netzwerksbildungsfördernde Maßnahmen. Weiterhin wird deutlich, dass sich die Mehrheit der Aktivitäten an die Bevölkerung und weniger an die Fachkräfte des Bildungssystems richtet.
A community of practice approach to enhancing academic integrity policy translation: a case study
Authors: Reedy Alison Kay , Wurm Penelope A. S. , Janssen Amanda , Lockley Alison 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Academic integrity policy that is inaccessible, ambiguous or confusing is likely to result in inconsistent policy enactment. Additionally, policy analysis and development are often undertaken as top down processes requiring passive acceptance by users of policy that has been developed outside the context in which it is enacted. Both these factors can result in poor policy uptake, particularly where policy users are overworked, intellectually critical and capable, not prone to passive acceptance and hold valuable grass roots intelligence about policy enactment.

Case description
The case study presented in this paper describes the actions of a community of practice (CoP) at a regional Australian university to deconstruct and translate ambiguous academic integrity policy into a suite of accessible academic integrity resources that were intelligible to staff and students, and which assisted academic staff to consistently enact policy. The paper narrates the formation of the CoP, the tangible and intangible value it created, the social learning practices enacted by its members, its grassroots policy work and the material resources produced from that work.

Discussion and evaluation
An evaluation of the CoP was conducted using a value creation framework to explore its immediate value, potential value, applied value, realised value, and reframing value. These values were considered at each stages of the CoP’s lifespan. The evaluation was a useful process that demonstrated the wide-ranging value created by the CoP. Six insights were drawn from the evaluation which promote understanding of the value created for a university by a CoP, particularly in contributing to academic integrity culture over a sustained period of time.

Conclusions
This paper contributes to a research gap on specific examples of discretion within rule-based systems. It illustrates how academics and members of the CoP used their discretion to interpret and enact academic integrity policy within a higher education setting. Drawing from the evaluation of the CoP we argue for greater understanding of the grass-roots contribution of academic and professional staff to academic integrity policy translation and enactment.
High-resolution X-ray spectroscopy of astrophysical plasmas with X-ray microcalorimeters
Authors: Ezoe Yuichiro , Ohashi Takaya , Mitsuda Kazuhisa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHigh spectral resolution with a resolving power,$$E/\Delta E \gtrsim 1000$$E/ΔE≳1000at 6 keV, is now available in X-ray astronomy. X-ray observations are particularly effective for plasma studies since major atomic transitions appear as spectral features in the X-ray band. High-resolution spectroscopy enables us to probe a wide variety of astrophysical plasmas, which are not obtainable from ground experiments, regarding their temperature, density, magnetic field, gravity, and velocity. In this review, we describe what are the X-ray emitting plasmas in the Universe, along with basic plasma diagnostics, and depict historical development of the techniques used for the X-ray spectroscopy. We outline the X-ray microcalorimeter instrument, soft X-ray spectrometer (SXS), onboard the ASTRO-H satellite. Despite the short lifetime of the satellite in orbit for about a month, observations with the SXS have shown the remarkable power of high-resolution spectroscopy in X-ray astronomy. Observed spectrum of the hot plasma in the core region of the Perseus cluster showed He-like Fe K-line to be clearly resolved into resonance, forbidden and intercombination lines for the first time. The line width indicates that the turbulent pressure amounts to only 4% of the thermal pressure of the plasma. We also describe new findings and constraints obtained from the superb spectrum of the Perseus cluster, which all indicate a great potential of X-ray spectroscopy. The recovery of the spectroscopy science of ASTRO-H is aimed at with XRISM, a Japanese mission planned for launch in early 2020s. In further future, Athena will expand the rich science with its high sensitivity and spectral resolution in early 2030s.
Population genetic variation analysis of bitter gourd wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. momordicae in China using inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) molecular markers
Authors: Zang Rui , Zhao Ying , Guo Kangdi , Hong Kunqi , Xi Huijun , Wen Caiyi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBitter gourd wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. momordicae (FOM) is a devastating crop disease in China. A total of 173 isolates characteristic of typical Fusarium oxysporum with abundant microconidia and macroconidia on white or ruby colonies were obtained from diseased plant tissues. BLASTn analysis of the rDNA-ITS of the isolates showed 99% identity with F. oxysporum species. Among the tested isolates, three were infectious toward tower gourd and five were pathogenic to bottle gourd. However, all of the isolates were pathogenic to bitter gourd. For genetic differences analysis, 40 ISSR primers were screened and 11 primers were used for ISSR-PCR amplification. In total, 127 loci were detected, of which 76 were polymorphic at a rate of 59.84%. POPGENE analysis showed that Nei’s gene diversity index (H) and Shannon’s information index (I) were 0.09 and 0.15, respectively, which indicated that the genetic diversity of the 173 isolates was low. The coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst = 0.33 > 0.15) indicated that genetic differentiation was mainly among populations. The strength of gene flow (Nm = 1.01 > 1.0) was weak, indicating that the population differentiation caused by gene drift was blocked to some degree. The dendrogram based on ISSR markers showed that the nine geographical populations were clustered into two groups at the threshold of genetic similarity coefficient of 0.96. The Shandong and Henan populations were clustered into Group I, while the Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, and Hubei populations constituted Group II. Results of the genetic variation analysis showed that the Hunan and Guangxi populations had the highest degree of genetic differentiation, while the Hubei population had the lowest genetic differentiation. Our findings enrich the knowledge of the genetic variation characteristics of FOM populations with the goal of developing effective disease-management programs and resistance breeding programs.
Effective but fragile? Responses to repeated nudge-based messages for preventing the spread of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Sasaki Shusaku , Kurokawa Hirofumi , Ohtake Fumio 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNudge-based messages have been employed in various countries to encourage voluntary contact-avoidance and infection-prevention behaviors to control the spread of COVID-19. People have been repeatedly exposed to such messages; however, whether the messages keep exerting a significant impact over time remains unclear. From April to August 2020, we conducted a four-wave online survey experiment to examine how five types of nudge-based messages influence Japanese people’s self-reported preventive behaviors. In particular, we investigate how their behaviors are affected by repeated displays over time. The analysis with 4241 participants finds that only a gain-framed altruistic message, emphasizing their behavioral adherence would protect the lives of people close to them, reduces their frequency of going out and contacting others. We do not find similar behavioral changes in messages that contain an altruistic element but emphasize it in a loss-frame or describe their behavioral adherence as protecting both one’s own and others’ lives. Furthermore, the behavioral change effect of the gain-framed altruistic message disappears in the third and fourth waves, although its impact of reinforcing intentions remains. This message has even an adverse effect of worsening the compliance level of infection-prevention behaviors for the subgroup who went out less frequently before the experiment. The study’s results imply that when using nudge-based messages as a countermeasure for COVID-19, policymakers and practitioners need to carefully scrutinize the message elements and wording and examine to whom and how the messages should be delivered while considering their potential adverse and side effects.
The Varieties of Instantiation
Authors: SETHI UMRAO 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWorking with the assumption that properties depend for their instantiation on substances, I argue against a unitary analysis of instantiation. On the standard view, a property is instantiated just in case there is a substance that serves as the bearer of the property. But this view cannot make sense of how properties that are mind-dependent depend for their instantiation on minds. I consider two classes of properties that philosophers often take to be mind-dependent: sensible qualities like color and bodily sensations like itches. Given that the mind is never itself literally red or itchy, we cannot explain the instantiation of these qualities as a matter of their having a mental bearer. Appealing to insights from Berkeley, I defend a view on which a property can be instantiated not in virtue of having a bearer—mental or material—but rather in virtue of being the object of a conscious act of perception. In the second half of the paper, I suggest that the best account of sensible qualities and bodily sensations ultimately makes use of both varieties of instantiation.
Simultaneously vanishing higher derived limits
Authors: Bergfalk Jeffrey , Lambie-Hanson Chris 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn 1988, Sibe Mardešić and Andrei Prasolov isolated an inverse system$\textbf {A}$with the property that the additivity of strong homology on any class of spaces which includes the closed subsets of Euclidean space would entail that$\lim ^n\textbf {A}$(thenth derived limit of$\textbf {A}$) vanishes for every$n>0$. Since that time, the question of whether it is consistent with the$\mathsf {ZFC}$axioms that$\lim ^n \textbf {A}=0$for every$n>0$has remained open. It remains possible as well that this condition in fact implies that strong homology is additive on the category of metric spaces.We show that assuming the existence of a weakly compact cardinal, it is indeed consistent with the$\mathsf {ZFC}$axioms that$\lim ^n \textbf {A}=0$for all$n>0$. We show this via a finite-support iteration of Hechler forcings which is of weakly compact length. More precisely, we show that in any forcing extension by this iteration, a condition equivalent to$\lim ^n\textbf {A}=0$will hold for each$n>0$. This condition is of interest in its own right; namely, it is the triviality of every coherentn-dimensional family of certain specified sorts of partial functions$\mathbb {N}^2\to \mathbb {Z}$which are indexed in turn byn-tuples of functions$f:\mathbb {N}\to \mathbb {N}$. The triviality and coherence in question here generalise the classical and well-studied case of$n=1$.
Fatal Adulteries: Sexual Politics in the English Revolution
Authors: Fullerton Samuel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article argues for a reconsideration of the origins of Restoration sexual politics through a detailed examination of the effusive sexual polemic of the English Revolution (1642–1660). During the early 1640s, unprecedented political upheaval and a novel public culture of participatory print combined to transform explicit sexual libel from a muted element of prewar English political culture into one of its preeminent features. In the process, political leaders at the highest levels of government—including Queen Henrietta Maria, Oliver Cromwell, and King Charles I—were confronted with extensive and graphic debates about their sexual histories in widely disseminated print polemic for the first time in English history. By the early 1650s, monarchical sexuality was a routine topic of scurrilous political commentary. Charles II was thus well acquainted with this novel polemical milieu by the time he assumed the throne in 1660, and his adoption of the “Merry Monarch” persona early in his reign represented a strategic attempt to turn mid-century sexual politics to his advantage, despite unprecedented levels of contemporary criticism. Restoration sexual culture was therefore largely the product of civil war polemical debate rather than the singular invention of a naturally libertine young king.
Determinants of Individual Support for Independence: Evidence from Montenegro
Authors: Kelmendi Pëllumb , Pedraza Christian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article investigates the determinants of individual support for independence in Montenegro. We outline five theoretically distinct groups of factors covered by the literature and evaluate their impact on individual preference for independence. Using observational data obtained from a nationally representative survey conducted in Montenegro in 2003–2004, we find support for several hypotheses, showing that identity, income, and partisanship significantly impact individual opinion about independence. We also investigate and discuss the relative effect size of different factors associated with preference for independence. Additionally, we test variables with hitherto unexplored implications for opinions on independence, including the impact of support for EU membership, as well as support for democratic principles. Our logistic regression analyses reveal that attitudes towards EU integration and minority rights are strongly associated with support for independence. By systematically analyzing existing and new hypotheses with data from an understudied case, our findings contribute to the nascent literature on individual preferences for independence.
Effects of Icelandic yogurt consumption and resistance training in healthy untrained older males
Authors: Bagheri Reza , Hooshmand Moghadam Babak , Candow Darren G. , Elliott Bradley T. , Wong Alexei , Ashtary-Larky Damoon , Forbes Scott C. , Rashidlamir Amir 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDue to the important roles of resistance training and protein consumption in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia, we assessed the efficacy of post-exercise Icelandic yogurt consumption on lean mass, strength and skeletal muscle regulatory factors in healthy untrained older males. Thirty healthy untrained older males (age = 68 ± 4 years) were randomly assigned to Icelandic yogurt (IR; n 15, 18 g of protein) or an iso-energetic placebo (PR; n 15, 0 g protein) immediately following resistance training (3×/week) for 8 weeks. Before and after training, lean mass, strength and skeletal muscle regulatory factors (insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), Activin A, myostatin (MST) and follistatin (FST)) were assessed. There were group × time interactions (P < 0·05) for body mass (IR: Δ 1, PR: Δ 0·7 kg), BMI (IR: Δ 0·3, PR: Δ 0·2 kg/m2), lean mass (IR: Δ 1·3, PR: Δ 0·6 kg), bench press (IR: Δ 4, PR: 2·3 kg), leg press (IR: Δ 4·2, PR: Δ 2·5 kg), IGF-1 (IR: Δ 0·5, Δ PR: 0·1 ng/ml), TGF-β (IR: Δ − 0·2, PR: Δ − 0·1 ng/ml), GDF15 (IR: Δ − 10·3, PR: Δ − 4·8 pg/ml), Activin A (IR: Δ − 9·8, PR: Δ − 2·9 pg/ml), MST (IR: Δ − 0·1, PR: Δ − 0·04 ng/ml) and FST (IR: Δ 0·09, PR: Δ 0·03 ng/ml), with Icelandic yogurt consumption resulting in greater changes compared with placebo. The addition of Icelandic yogurt consumption to a resistance training programme improved lean mass, strength and altered skeletal muscle regulatory factors in healthy untrained older males compared with placebo. Therefore, Icelandic yogurt as a nutrient-dense source and cost-effective supplement enhances muscular gains mediated by resistance training and consequently may be used as a strategy for the prevention of sarcopenia.