bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Round Block Oncoplastic breast surgery in early Juxta-areolar breast cancer in comparison to conventional breast conservation surgery
Authors: El Moghny Ashraf Abd , Fahmy Karim , Mohamed Ahmed Khalil 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women all over the world representing 18% of all women reported cases of cancer. It represents the leading cause of women mortality as representing 23% of all women cancer deaths. The decision in any breast cancer patient is taken by MDT that includes breast surgery consultant, pathology consultant, plastic surgery consultant, radiology consultant and medical oncology consultant. Breast conserving surgeries are now the standard technique for management of breast cancer patient. Oncoplastic techniques are replacing SWLE for their better cosmetic outcomes and better exposure of the tumor.

Objective
The aim of this work was to assess the round block technique as regard oncological safety, surgical outcomes and patients' satisfaction comparing results with standard wide local excision.

Methods
This is a retrospective study to assess the round block technique as an oncological procedure for management of early breast cancer near to nipple-areola complex as regard oncological safety, surgical outcomes and patients' satisfaction comparing results with standard wide local excision. It was conducted at general surgery department, Ain Shams university hospitals. Approval of the Ethical Committee and written informed consent from all participants were obtained. In our study 40 breast cancer patients are subdivided into group (A) 20 females which underwent round block technique and group (B) 20 femaleswhich underwent standard wide local excision. Patient and tumor criteria including age, co morbidities, tumor size and distance between tumor and nipple-areola complex were considered to be nonsignificant between 2 groups so the only difference is the surgical technique.

Results
The study shows that the round block technique and SWLE have the same results regarding hospital stay, post operative complications and oncological recurrence with the advantage to RBT because of its better cosmetic outcomes. So, the round block technique is superior to SWLE in selected cases.

Conclusion

The round block technique has comparable post operative parameters with better cosmoses as it is scarless operation without nipple and areola shift suggesting that the round block technique is superior to SWLE in selected cases.
Impact of Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass on Vitamin D and Iron Metabolism a Systematic Review Literature
Authors: Maaty Sameh Abdallah , Fawzy Fawzy Salah , Goda BahaaEldin Shokry 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
There has been a steady rise in the number of individuals who are morbidly obese. The divided RYGB is the most commonly performed bariatric surgical procedure in the world and is considered the gold standard. Physicians need to be aware of the important peri-operative complications that can occur after gastric bypass. In addition, gastrointestinal physicians are seeing patients who seek advice and care for symptoms that develop or persist after RYGB. Physicians should be able to predict and manage most postoperative medical and nutritional disorders related to RYGB and should be prepared to assess patients for potential referral for surgical intervention or revision
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of treatment of Palpable Undescended Testis
Authors: Abdallah Hassan Abdel Monem , El-Debeiky Mohamed Soliman , Nasser Amr Abdel Raouf Abdel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Undescended testis is the most common endocrinological disease in the male newborn period. Incidence varies between 1.0% and 4.6% in full-term neonates, with rates as high as 45% in preterm neonates. Failure or delay of treatment can result in reduced fertility and/or increased testicular cancer risk in adulthood.

Aim and objectives
: To establish, through the available literature, which is the best technique, either hormonal therapy or surgical orchiopexy for treatment of palpable undescended testis through systematic review and meta-analysis.

Subjects and methods
: The review considered case-control studies, case report studies, and retrospective case follow-up evaluating the effectiveness or efficacy of a certain technique of treatment of palpable undescended testicles over other techniques either hormonal therapy and surgical orchiopexy according to age of the patient, This review considered all studies that involve infants with palpable undescended testicles, Search strategy is designed to include both manual and electronic data available. Electronic searches involved searching databases of PubMed (from Jan. 1987 till July 2017), EMbase, CINAHL and Cochrane database.

Results
The overall success rate of primary orchiopexy is 96.4% and the overall success rate for 2- stage FS is 86%.

Conclusion
There is good evidence for early placement of undescended testes in the scrotal position to prevent potential impairment of fertility and reduce the risk of testicular malignancy.
Pattern of intra-peritoneal intra-abdominal injuries in polytrauma patients admitted to general surgery department at El-Demerdash Hospital
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed Mohamed Kamal , Awad-Allah Mohammad Ahmad Abd-erRazik , Hermina Joseph Ellia Fahmy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Severe or major trauma is a worldwide pandemic and one of the leading causes of death and disability. Polytrauma always involves young, productive individuals and represents a substantial burden on the society.

Aim of the Work
To detect the incidence and the pattern of intra-abdominal injuries in polytraumatized patients admitted to the general surgery department at El-Demerdash Hospital and to estimate the trauma burden in General Surgery Department Ain Shams University.

Patients and Methods
Retrospective study of records of polytrauma patients admitted to general surgery department at El-Demerdash Hospital from the period of January 2018 to June 2018.

Results
In the specified study period of 6 months from 1/1 /2018 to 31/6 /2018, the ER department of Ain Shams University hospital (El-Demerdash hospital) received 3,328 cases of trauma out of which 40 cases were admitted at General Surgery Department with incidence rate 1.2% of total polytrauma patients admitted in the hospital in various departments. There were 37.5% of patients with intra-abdominal collection with no documented organ injury. Most common intra-abdominal organ injured was spleen 17.5% then liver the largest intra-abdominal organ 5% and stomach 5%, least to be injured were bowel loops 2.5%.

Conclusion
Polytrauma is a major health problem and a major cause of death in Egypt. 40 trauma cases were admitted to general surgery department. 80% of them were males and 20% were females. The mean age of trauma victims was 33.3 years old. 42.5% of them had surgeries. The study recorded 7.5% fatalities.
Transversus Abdominis Muscle Release (TAR) for Posterior Component Separation during Major Abdominal Wall Reconstruction
Authors: Sabry Alaa Abbas , Elmaleh Haitham Mostafa , Abo-Elzem Hossam Attia , Rasmy Joseph Ezat 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Ventral hernia repair is one of the most common operations performed today, yet when complex and huge it presents a true challenge for the surgical team.

Aim of the Work
To assess the feasibility, safety and efficacy of Transversus Abdominis release technique in management of ventral hernia with large defects.

Patients and Methods
This study is a prospective interventional study conducted at Ain Shams University Hospitals on 40 patients diagnosed as having ventral hernia with a defect equal to or more than 10cm in width and operated upon between October 2018 and October 2019 with minimal follow up of 6 months postoperatively.

Results
40 ventral hernia patients were enrolled in the study. Mean operative time (in minutes) in TAR patient is 268.5min (4hr 28min) with SD ± 47.4. Postoperative pain evaluation using the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, the postoperative pain was assessed 48hrs postoperatively, the mean VAS score for TAR patient being (6.77 ± 1.70). Early Postoperative wound complications 10 (25.0%).

Conclusion
After this TAR technique are effective and reliable method in experienced hands.
A Comparative Study between Nissen's Fundoplication with or without Endoscopic Mucosal Resection in the Treatment of Barrett’s Oesophagus: a Meta-Analysis
Authors: Elfeky Khaled Abdallah , El-Hefny Amr Mohamed Mahmoud , Hossam-ElDin Ayman , Fathy Mark Medhat 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
It is already known that Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is a premalignant condition in which the normal squamous epithelium of the distal esophagus is replaced by columnar epithelium (intestinal metaplasia or gastric metaplasia) due to GERD. Most observers believe that there is a progression from intestinal metaplasia to low-grade dysplasia (LGD) to highgrade dysplasia (HGD) to cancer. The relative risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma in patients with BE appears to be 30-fold higher. Conventional therapies include medical treatment (profound acid inhibition), endoscopic treatment (like endoscopic mucosal resection) and surgical treatment (fundoplication).

Methodology
Types of studies: Published studies about the efficacy of Nissen’s Fundoplication with or without Endoscopic Mucosal Resection in the treatment of Barrett’s Oesophagus (carried out in the period between 2015 – 2020), types of participants Patients with clinically proven Barrett’s Oesophagus diagnosed by endoscopy and biopsy, types of interventions Nissen’s Fundoplication (Open or Laparoscopic) with or without Endoscopic Mucosal Resection, types of outcome measures Outcome of treatment in the form of Complete Remission of Columnar Metaplasia of the oesophageal mucosa or regression in recurrence rate as proved by follow-up endoscopy.

Results
The strategy of endoscopic therapy for Barrett’s metaplasia, dysplasia and/or intramucosal cancer along with fundoplication results in similar durability and recurrence rates when compared to patients being managed with PPIs following endoscopic therapy. However, fundoplication along with endoscopic therapy is superior to either of them alone in preventing further progression of disease and the development of cancer, particularly in refractory patients.
Fundoplication is an important strategy along with endoscopic therapy for Barrett’s to achieve and maintain CR-IM, and to facilitate the eradication of persistent dysplasia.

Conclusion
Endoscopic mucosal resection after Nissen's Fundoplication is a safe modality, with high rate of success in complete eradication of BE in symptomatic GERD patients, especially those with severe anatomical impairment in distal esophageal segment. As a concurrent procedure, endoscopic procedures may be beneficial in the terms of reducing the early recurrence rates, which seems to be important issue during the management of BE. By doing synchronous endoscopic procedures and fundoplication, one might observe a true anatomy of esophagogastric junction in its entirety and might be able to truly observe the distal extent of columnar esophagus.
Early and Late Hypocalcaemia After Total Thyroidectomy Prospective Study
Authors: Ibrahim Emad EL-Deen Farid , Gazya Osama Mohamed Abdo Abo , Omran Hesham Mohamed Ali , Ali Amr Hamed Afifi , Gad Shenouda Mina 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Hypocalcaemia post total thyroidectomy, is one of the most common complication observed in patients who undergo bilateral thyroid resection. Although hypocalcaemia is self-limiting in most patients and does not require treatment, symptomatic hypocalcaemia is of particular concern. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of hypocalcaemia post total thyroidectomy with evaluation of serum calcium levels as a cheap and available method so we can identify patients at risk of postoperative hypocalcaemia who require supplementation treatment, and those not at risk who can be safely discharged without any supplementation treatment.

Objective
To assess the incidence of postoperative hypocalcaemia post total thyroidectomy wither it’s temporary or permanent.

Methods
prospective analysis of 100 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy. Preservation of parathyroid glands and their blood supply was attempted in all cases. The patients were assessed for manifestations of hypocalcaemia after thyroidectomy.
The assessment was done through: (1) monitoring the total and ionized calcium level 24 hours postoperatively, (2) Total and ionized calcium level was measured in the third week postoperative, (3) clinical examination and detection of symptoms and signs of hypocalcaemia, (4) In resistant cases assessment of total and ionized calcium and PTH at 3 and 6 months.

Results
The study included 87 females and 13 males, 37 was the mean age; 15 patients developed symptoms of hypocalcaemia (15%), 8 of them were asymptomatic but 7 of them developed symptoms, 85 patients did not develop any clinically manifested symptoms of hypocalcaemia (85%). all of them recovered from hypocalcaemia except 2 patients, one of them recovered at 3 months postoperative and the other one didn’t recover from hypocalcaemia so we diagnose it’s case as a permanent hypocalcaemia post total thyroidectomy.

Conclusion
Results of this study indicate that measuring calcium postoperative is a cheap and available lab investigation to indicate hypocalcaemia post total thyroidectomy, and as we mentioned before that we don’t need to prescribe calcium or vitamin D to all the patients underwent total thyroidectomy as an empirical treatment to prevent hypocalcaemia but we prescribe it just to patients developed symptoms of hypocalcaemia as it will be costly to the patient.
Classic versus High Lateral Tension Abdominoplasty in Post-bariatric Patients
Authors: Feky Kahled Abdallah El , Shoka Ahmed Ain , Estawrow Mina Agaiby , Mourice Mina Mamdouh 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Obesity is a chronic condition with a high prevalence and multifaceted etiologies; it is accompanied by an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Bariatric surgeries (weight loss surgeries) include a variety of procedures performed on people who have obesity. Skin redundancy is a common post-bariatric complication. Abdominoplasty or "tummy tuck" is a cosmetic surgery procedure used to make the abdomen thinner and more firm. The surgery involves the removal of excess skin and fat from the middle and lower abdomen in order to tighten the muscle and fascia of the abdominal wall. This type of surgery is usually sought by patients with loose or sagging tissues after pregnancy or major weight loss. This study is a comparison between Classic and High lateral tension abdominoplasty techniques in treatment of abdominal skin redundancy in post bariatric patients.
In our research, we compared between two techniques of abdominoplasty in treatment of post bariatric abdominal skin redundancy, the classic technique and High Lateral Tension technique, the comparison was in patient satisfaction and in post operative complications
The study showed that patient satisfaction was higher in classic technique than the High lateral tension technique due to smaller and less apparent scar, while post operative complications were almost the same in both techniques
According to our study, we advise plastic surgeons to perform classic abdominoplasty technique in treatment of post bariatric abdominal skin redundancy.
A Comparative Study between Round Block Technique and Standard Wide Local Excision in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: El-Naser Amr Abd El-Raouf Ali Abd , Ahmed Dina Hany , Mohamed Mohamed Shawky 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The goal of optimizing the cosmetic and oncologic outcomes of BCS has been addressed in recent years by the emergence of the field of oncoplastic surgery, that originally defined as an assortment of volume replacement techniques performed by plastic surgeons to replace all or part of the resected breast volume with myocutaneous tissue flaps. The definition of oncoplastic surgery has more recently been expanded to include a wide range of volume displacement or volume redistribution procedures performed by breast surgeons and general surgeons to optimize breast shape and breast volume following breast cancer surgery.

Aim of the Work
To assess the round block technique as regard oncological safety, surgical outcomes and patients' satisfaction comparing results with standard wide local excision.

Patients and Methods
This is a prospective randomized study to assess the round block technique as an oncological procedure for management of early breast cancer near to nipple-areola complex as regard oncological safety, surgical outcomes and patients' satisfaction comparing results with standard wide local excision. Twenty breast cancer patients are subdivided into group (A) 10 females which underwent round block technique and group (B) 10 femaleswhich underwent standard wide local excision. Patient and tumor criteria including age, co morbidities, tumor size and distance between tumor and nipple-areola complex were considered to be non-significant between 2 groups so the only difference is the surgical technique.

Results
The round block technique and SWLE have the same results regarding operative time, intra-operative blood loss and post operative complications with the advantage to RBT because of its better cosmetic outcomes and lower re-excision rates. So, the round block technique is superior to SWLE in selected cases.

Conclusion
The round block technique has comparable operative parameters to SWLE with no evidence of increased surgical complications. With a lower re-excision rates and better cosmoses were observed in the round block patients as it is scarless operation without nipple and areola shift suggesting that the round block technique is superior to SWLE in selected cases.
Early Versus Delayed Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Cases of Acute Calcular Cholecystitis
Authors: El-Din Mohammed Mohammed Bahaa , Halim Hany Rafik , El-Hamid Mohammed Abd El-Sattar Abd , El-Razek Mohammed Safwat Abd 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Acute cholecystitis (AC) is one of the important causes of abdominal pain on presentation to the emergency department. Early diagnosis and treatment of AC has a positive effect on morbidity and mortality. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is an important approach for treating acute cholecystitis nowadays. Issued data indicated that approximately 917,000 and &gt;50,000 LCs were annually performed to treat acute cholecystitis in the United States and England, respectively. Although LCs have been extensively performed to manage acute cholecystitis, the optimal timing of LC for this given condition is inconclusive.

Aim of the work
The aim of this study is to prospectively compare between early and delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a management of acute calcular cholecystitis along with their operative and post-operative outcomes.

Patients and methods
From December 2019 to December 2020 in Ain Shams University Hospitals, a prospective randomized study was conducted over 20 patients of acute cholecystitis: 10 of them underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy from 3 day to 7 day of symptoms of acute cholecystitis, and the other 15 after 6- 8 weeks. Operation time, intraoperative and postoperative surgical complications and duration of hospital stay were assessed and compared in the 2 groups.

Results
Although the operation time was longer in the group with early laparoscopic cholecystectomy, but the overall complications along with the total hospital stay were less in this group of patients.

Conclusion
Early timing of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in relation to the onset of gall bladder inflammation may reduce the conversion rate and the total complication rate. So, early laparoscopic cholecystectomy for patients with acute cholecystitis has both medical and socioeconomic benefits and it is the preferred approach in comparison to delayed approach.
Characterisation of Inflammatory Breast Cancer in Egypt
Authors: Talaat Ayman Ahmed , El-Shinawi Mohamed Sl-Sayed , Hafez Ramy Fouad , Nida Muhammad Abdulhalim Kamal 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory breast cancer is a rare type of breast cancer, with a lower median age at diagnosis than other types of breast cancer. It is known that; the four molecular subtypes are shown in inflammatory breast cancer and they reveal the prognosis. However, no populationbased studies investigated these factors on Egyptian patients.

Methods
We searched the medical records at Breast Surgery Unit at Ain Shams University Hospitals to identify female patients diagnosed with IBC from July 2007 through June 2017. Data were scored, tabulated and statistically analyzed.

Results
The median age was 47 years. LNs were affected in all patients. Grade III tumors were higher at younger age. Higher incidence of hormonal negative and HER2 positive tumors with prevalence at younger age group.

Conclusions
IBC is an aggressive disease affecting Egyptians at younger age with prevalence of hormonal negative, HER2 positive and triple negative subtypes.
Efficacy of Ultrasound Guided Foam Sclerotherapy of Incompetent Ankle Perforators on Healing of Chronic Venous Ulcers with Deep Venous Reflux. (A Comparative Study)
Authors: El-shafei Mahmoud Ahmed Mohamed , Abdelbary Mostafa Soliman Mahmoud , Basta Mina Gamil Zekri , Ali Abdelrahman Omar Azzam Abdelrahman 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Compression therapy is the standard of care for venous ulcers and chronic venous insufficiency, but the treatment of underlying venous disease to relieve venous hypertension appears to improve wound healing and to decrease recurrence. Benefits of saphenous ablation have been well demonstrated; however, evidence for the treatment of incompetent perforating veins is less clear.

Objective
To assess the benefit of ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy (USGS) of incompetent perforator on healing of chronic venous ulcers.

Patients and Methods
This is a prospective cohort study which is a double arm clinical study to assess the healing rate for patients after USGFS vs standard compression therapy of patients with incompetent perforators veins within 6 month.

Results
Our preliminary data add further weight to the suggestion that eradication of SVR by means of UGFS improves CVU outcomes when compared to compression alone. In this regard, UGFS appears to be more effective more than compression therapy does, therefore, appear the more attractive option in this elderly patient population. Furthermore, the follow-up data presented here does suggest long-term healing following UGFS probably requires careful follow-up and, if required. Encouraged by these promising early results the authors have embarked upon a larger study to look at the role of UGFS in the treatment of CVU in greater depth.

Conclusion
Ultrasound guided foam sclerotherapy of perforator incompetent veins is a welltolerated and effective outpatient procedure. This study presents a patient cohort with limited exclusion criteria, allowing a representative cross section of VLU in general. Because of its higher healing rate and lower RR compared to other therapeutic options, and the improvement in quality of life that it brings, this minimally invasive, easily repeatable procedure may become the treatment of choice for VLU. Foam sclerotherapy is a simple procedure, compared to surgical intervention, no hospitalization, no anesthesia, can be done in outpatient clinic and the patient can return home after 45 min and no work off period. The relative freedom from serious complications and its evident success, makes this modality as a possible candidate for being the first line treatment for venous ulcers.