bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Readability of Commonly Used Patient‐Reported Outcome Measures in Laryngology
Authors: Rao Shambavi J. , Nickel Joseph C. , Kiell Eleanor P. , Madden Lyndsay L. 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesPatient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) are used to evaluate patients' symptoms and clinical improvement after an intervention. Advocacy efforts and increased provider awareness regarding health literacy have helped to improve the readability of PROMs. Recent studies in otolaryngology in rhinology, pediatric otolaryngology, and head and neck reported PROM readability scores above the sixth‐grade level. However, there is limited data regarding the readability of laryngology PROMs. Thus, this study aims to report the readability levels of PROMs in laryngology by assessing different readability indices and describing the relationship of readability levels to equitable healthcare.MethodsThis is a bibliometric study that received approval from institutional review board (IRB) review as a nonhuman subject research study. Recent and widely utilized laryngology PROMs were selected from a publicly available literature search by reviewing laryngology systematic reviews, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Laryngology PROMs were selected from voice, dysphagia, airway, and other PROMs including voice questionnaires administered to patients seeking gender affirming voice care from systematic reviews and expert opinion. There were 37 PROMs included in this study. PROMs were analyzed via Gunning Fog, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), FORCAST, and Flesch Reading Ease Score.ResultsAll laryngology PROMs had readabilities above the recommended sixth‐grade level. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of Gunning Fog was 7.30 (2.59), SMOG was 8.70 (1.51), FORCAST was 10.05 (1.51), and Flesch Reading Ease Score was 8.08 (2.76).ConclusionLaryngology PROMs are above the recommended middle school reading level. To further promote health equity, readability should be considered when developing future PROMs.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 132:1069–1074, 2022
Using a causal‐based function to estimate soil bulk density in invaded coastal wetlands
Authors: Yang Ren‐Min , Wang Liang‐Jie , Chen Liu‐Mei , Zhang Zhong‐Qi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlthough pedotransfer functions (PTFs) have been routinely used for predicting soil bulk density (BD) in past decades, most of PTFs were developed based on empirical models that solely focused on statistical prediction. In this study, a causal‐based PTF that focused on mechanistic explanation and prediction was developed by using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS‐SEM). In an initial step, we identified key processes that theoretically affect BD variation, and assign measured variables for each process. This was achieved by investigating previous literature and researchers' experience based on characteristics of our study area. The proposed method was tested in an invaded coastal wetland in eastern China, with 45 samples. The causal‐based model explained 71% of the variance in BD variation, indicating a permissible fit to the data. The model showed that the direct effect of nutrient cycling, plant invasion, and depth dependence on BD was significant. The results suggested that the soil processes and their interactions identified in the model were beneficial not only to improve predictive accuracy based on the cross‐validation, but also to improve our understanding of BD variation from a system level. The findings highlight that a set of relative merits, such as no assumptions on the data and small sample size requirement, can improve the practical usefulness of PLS‐SEM in BD prediction applications. This study also highlights that PLS‐SEM may promote process‐based soil‐landscape modeling in terms of theory and methodology, especially for soil prediction or mapping.
Microstructure, wettability and strength of cryo‐deformed tin‐3.0 silver‐0.5 copper solder
Authors: Nurulakmal M.S. , Koay T.S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis project aims to assess the influence of cryogenic treatment prior to passing the solder sample through an equal channel angular pressing die in order to refine the microstructure of solder and thus, gain improvement of mechanical properties of solder joint. In this work, commercial tin‐3.0silver‐0.5copper solder alloy was subjected to severe plastic deformation by passing through the die for 1 pass, and prior to this, dipped in nitrogen for 10 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes. Hardness and wettability of solder reflowed on bare copper substrate were measured along with strength of solder joint via lap joint shear strength test. Cryo‐deformed solder was found to have higher hardness, and wettability had also improved along with the strength of solder joint. Improvement could be due to grain refinement as observed in microstructure and also the more uniform distribution of eutectic network. Dipping for 10 minutes gave the best improvement, whereas longer dipping (20 and 30 minutes) seems to have deteriorating effect to the wettability and mechanical properties. Cryo‐deformation showed significant improvement on the wettability and mechanical properties of solder, and could potentially lead to higher reliability of solder joint.
Enhancement of coating characteristics via improved plasma electrolytic oxidation set‐up
Authors: Sharizal M.S. , Bushroa A.R , Zavareh M.A. , Sukrey N.A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe plasma electrolytic oxidation process involves high‐temperature operations and exposed to corrosive chemicals. Thus it requires stringent experimental set‐up to produce uniform and high‐quality coatings. This study proposes an enhancement to the current plasma electrolytic oxidation experimental set up to improve: 1) electrode holder; 2) cathode‐anode electrodes, and 3) water‐cooling system. In this paper, the focus is dedicated to the first two items. For the first item, the redesigned electrode holder is developed using 3‐dimensional software. For the second item, results due to cathode via stainless container as well as carbon electrode are discussed. The performance of the new set‐up plasma electrolytic oxidation is compared with the old one by analysing the microstructure and the mechanical properties of titanium dioxide coatings formed on a titanium aluminium vanadium alloy substrate using both set‐ups. Surface morphology shows that the coating produced using the new set‐up is thicker, denser and has lower porosity as compared to the coating deposited using the old set‐up. The mechanical properties of hardness and adhesive strengths of the coating are also improved in the new set‐up. Thus, the use of this set‐up is recommended for improved coating performance to produce a uniform coating having enhanced mechanical performance.
Two novel presentations of KCNMA1‐related pathology––Expanding the clinical phenotype of a rare channelopathy
Authors: Rodrigues Bento Jotte , Feben Candice , Kempers Marlies , van Rij Maartje , Woiski Mallory , Devriendt Koenraad , De Catte Luc , Baldewijns Marcella , Alaerts Maaike , Meester Josephina , Verstraeten Aline , Hendson Willy , Loeys Bart 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundKCNMA1 mutations have recently been associated with a wide range of dysmorphological, gastro‐intestinal, cardiovascular, and neurological manifestations.MethodsWhole exome sequencing was performed in order to identify the underlying pathogenic mutation in two cases presenting with diverse phenotypical manifestations that did not fit into well‐known clinical entities.ResultsIn an 8‐year‐old boy presenting with severe aortic dilatation, facial dysmorphism, and overgrowth at birth a de novo p.Gly375Arg KCNMA1 mutation was identified which has been reported previously in association with gingival hypertrophy, aortic dilatation, and developmental delay. Additionally, in a 30‐week‐old fetus with severe growth retardation and duodenal atresia a de novo p.Pro805Leu KCNMA1 mutation was identified. The latter has also been reported before in a boy with severe neurological manifestations, including speech delay, developmental delay, and cerebellar dysfunction.ConclusionThe current report presents the first antenatal presentation of a pathogenic KCNMA1 mutation and confirms the specific association of the p.Gly375Arg variant with early onset aortic root dilatation, gingival hypertrophy, and neonatal overgrowth.
Dietary Naringenin Preserves Insulin Sensitivity and Grip Strength and Attenuates Inflammation but Accelerates Weight Loss in a Mouse Model of Cancer Cachexia
Authors: Snoke Deena B. , Nishikawa Yuko , Cole Rachel M. , Ni Ai , Angelotti Austin , Vodovotz Yael , Belury Martha A. 
Published: September 2021

ScopeCancer cachexia is characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle resulting in functional impairment, reduced quality of life and mortality. Naringenin, a flavonoid found in citrus fruits, improves insulin sensitivity and reduces inflammation and tumor growth in preclinical models. Therefore, the study hypothesizes that dietary supplementation of naringenin will improve insulin sensitivity, decrease inflammation, slow body weight loss, and delay tumor growth in a mouse model of cancer cachexia.Methods and ResultsMice are fed 2 wt% dietary naringenin before and during initiation of cancer cachexia using inoculated adenocarcinoma‐26 cells (C‐26). Food intake, body weight, body composition, muscle function, insulin tolerance, and inflammatory status are assessed. Although naringenin‐fed tumor‐bearing mice exhibit reductions in body weight and food intake earlier than control diet‐fed tumor‐bearing mice, dietary naringenin is protective against loss of muscle strength, and attenuates the onset of insulin resistance and markers of inflammation.ConclusionsDietary supplementation of naringenin improves multiple aspects of metabolic disturbance and inflammation during cancer cachexia progression in [C‐26 tumor‐bearing] mice. However, the acceleration of anorexia and weight loss is also observed. These findings emphasize the link between inflammation and insulin resistance as a basis for understanding their roles in the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia.
A Long-Term Extension Study of Bevacizumab in Patients With Solid Tumors
Authors: Oza Amit M. , Dubois François , Hegg Roberto , Hernández Carlos Alberto , Finocchiaro Gaetano , Ghiringhelli François , Zamagni Claudio , Nick Sonja , Irahara Natsumi , Perretti Thomas , Colombo Nicoletta 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Bevacizumab has been studied in numerous clinical trials in multiple types of cancer; however, patients may receive bevacizumab over an extended period of time. This study assessed the long-term safety and tolerability of bevacizumab among patients with solid tumors.

Materials and Methods
Patients enrolled in a Roche/Genentech-sponsored trial who had derived benefit from bevacizumab therapy as monotherapy or in combination with anticancer drugs were eligible for continuation of bevacizumab in this long-term extension (LTE) study. The primary endpoints were the incidence of adverse events (AEs) of Common Terminology Criteria for AEs (CTCAE) grade ≥3 related to bevacizumab treatment, serious AEs (SAEs), and deaths.

Results
Ninety-five patients with the following cancer types were enrolled in the LTE: ovarian cancer or peritoneal carcinoma (n = 41), non-small cell lung cancer (n = 16), glioblastoma multiforme (n = 14), breast cancer (n = 11), colorectal cancer (n = 7), or renal cell carcinoma (n = 6). The median (range) duration of bevacizumab treatment was 15.6 (0.0–81.0) months during the LTE and 57.5 (16.4–134.9) months overall (parent trial + LTE), with three patients receiving bevacizumab for &gt;10 years. Overall, 17 patients (17.9%) experienced SAEs, and 21 (22.1%) had a bevacizumab-related AE of CTCAE grade ≥3 (proteinuria and hypertension were the most common). Four patients died: three from disease progression and one from an AE considered unrelated to bevacizumab.

Conclusion
The safety outcomes observed support the tolerability of long-term bevacizumab in patients with various solid tumors, with a median extended treatment duration of almost 5 years overall and &gt;10 years in some individual patients. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01588184.

Implications for Practice
In this long-term extension study of patients with solid tumors, the median duration of bevacizumab treatment (including parent trials) was just under 5 years, with a long-term exposure in some patients of 7 to &gt;10 years. Grade ≥3 adverse events related to bevacizumab were consistent with the established safety profile, with proteinuria and hypertension being the most common. Patients received bevacizumab over an extended period of time (beyond the length of most clinical trials), and the overall safety outcomes observed support the tolerability of long-term bevacizumab treatment in patients with solid tumors, with clinical benefit achieved over an extended period.
Manufacturing of bio‐based thermoplastic composites using industrial process for high‐volume applications
Authors: Khoun Loleï , Bravo Victor L. , Champagne Michel F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe use of high strength‐to‐weight ratio materials in automotive component is a solution to reduce fuel consumption and decrease greenhouse gases emissions. Fiber reinforced composite materials are believed to enable weight saving that cannot be achieved with metals while meeting component mechanical requirements. Moreover, the use of renewable bio‐based composites is seen as a key aspect to further address the reduction of greenhouse gases emission. However, composite manufacturing process must meet short cycle time, performance, and cost targeted by the transportation industry in order to be considered as replacement materials. This article investigates the use of an industrial compression—direct long fiber thermoplastic (D‐LFT) process line to manufacture cellulose reinforced bio‐based polyamide parts in order to increase the penetration of sustainable materials in the transportation sectors. Process evaluation and composite performance were first carried out on a simple 2D geometry. Then the use of 100% bio‐sourced materials with the high‐throughput D‐LFT process was validated with the manufacturing of an automotive composite seat pan demonstrator. Bio‐based composite parts were successfully manufactured. Tensile properties in the range of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composites traditionally used with the D‐LFT process were measured, validating the potential of cellulose–biopolyamide composite materials for industrial applications.
Flupyradifurone resistance in Myzus persicae populations from peach and tobacco in Greece
Authors: Papadimitriou Fillothei , Folia Maria , Ilias Aris , Papapetrou Polyxeni , Roditakis Emmanouil , Bass Chris , Vontas John , T Margaritopoulos John 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDMyzus persicae has evolved resistance to various insecticides in Greece. Here we examine the effectiveness of the insecticide flupyradifurone against aphid clones collected from tobacco and peach in Greece during 2017–2020. Furthermore, we monitored the frequency of the neonicotinoid resistance mutation R81T in the sampled clones, and the association between the responses to flupyradifurone and acetamiprid.RESULTSOf 43 clones tested with flupyradifurone, 6.977%, 60.465% and 32.558% showed low (10–14), moderate (19–89) and high (104–1914) resistance factor (RF) values, respectively. Resistance was higher in clones from peach than from tobacco with 42.308% and 17.647% of clones (respectively) failing into the high RF category (median RF values 67.5 and 36.4 for clones from peach and tobacco, respectively). Acetamiprid resistance was detected in clones collected in 2019–2020, in line with our previous study in Greece. The analysis of the whole dataset (54 clones collected during 2017–2020) revealed that all tobacco clones had RF < 7.5, whereas 55.263%, 18.421% and 26.316% of the peach clones exhibited low (<12), moderate (20–48) and high (100–145) RF values, respectively. A significant but moderate association between flupyradifurone and acetamiprid responses was detected (r = 0.513, P < 0.001). The R81T mutation was detected in aphids from peach (5.6% and 32.6% as homozygotes and heterozygotes, respectively) and in one aphid specimen (heterozygote) from tobacco. R81T was partially associated with the resistance to both insecticides, but many highly resistant clones did not possess the mutation, indicating the possible operation of one or more alternative underlying resistance mechanisms.CONCLUSIONSThe use of flupyradifurone and acetamiprid in IPM/IRM should be based on further ongoing susceptibility monitoring. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Analysis and assessment of weighted combinatorial criterion for test suite reduction
Authors: Chiang Chi‐Lun , Huang Chin‐Yu , Chiu Chang‐Yu , Chen Kai‐Wen , Lee Chen‐Hua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSoftware plays an important role in modern society. New software features have to be completed and tested rapidly due to business and user needs and goals. To ensure the quality of modified software components, new test cases must be generated and included in the current test pool. Furthermore, test pool size often grows too large to test all cases. A considerably large test pool typically consumes an exorbitant quantity of time, leading to inefficient regression testing. Test suite reduction is often used to solve this problem by removing redundant test cases. Thus, time and resource constraints make it necessary to minimize the test suite. That is, test pool size should be efficiently reduced, while the remaining test cases should be adequate to provide the same coverage as the pool. The main purpose of this paper is to propose four weighted combinatorial algorithms and a three‐objective binary integer linear programming (ILP) model to improve fault detection effectiveness. We first consider both the control flow and data flow as our testing criteria and combine them by using a weighted means with four existing test suite reduction algorithms. A genetic algorithm is used to find the best combination of weighting factors to assign to the two testing criteria. Experiments based on real subject programs are presented. Experimental results demonstrate that 77.5% of our proposed weighted combinatorial algorithms have an even or better performance in suite size reduction, 83.75% of our approaches perform even or better in fault detection effectiveness, and 82.5% of our approaches have even or better effectiveness in fault‐to‐test ratio. For the three‐objective binary ILP model, test suite size is significantly reduced without any accompanying loss in fault detection ability.
Slow light effect in hybrid optomechanical system
Authors: Biag Maryam , Ghaffar Ammal , Khan Muhammad Aslam , Khan Farooq , Niaz Shanawer 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe theoretically examined the slow light effect in a one‐sided optomechanical system with a two‐level atom placed inside it. When the cavity without atoms is driven by the input field, an optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) window appears in the transmission spectrum due to destructive interference. We observed that due to the existence of atoms, the OMIT window shifted to normal‐mode splitting and steeper Fano shapes. Our results exhibit that coupling strength has a very prominent effect on the transmission part. The Larger the coupling strength, the larger will be the effect on the transmission. This leads to rapid positive phase dispersion in the transmitted field, gives rise to the corresponding slow light effect.
Tandem‐trapped ion mobility spectrometry/mass spectrometry coupled with ultraviolet photodissociation
Authors: Liu Fanny C. , Ridgeway Mark E. , Winfred J. S. Raaj Vellore , Polfer Nicolas C. , Lee Jusung , Theisen Alina , Wootton Christopher A. , Park Melvin A. , Bleiholder Christian 
Published: September 2021

RationaleTandem‐ion mobility spectrometry/mass spectrometry methods have recently gained traction for the structural characterization of proteins and protein complexes. However, ion activation techniques currently coupled with tandem‐ion mobility spectrometry/mass spectrometry methods are limited in their ability to characterize structures of proteins and protein complexes.MethodsHere, we describe the coupling of the separation capabilities of tandem‐trapped ion mobility spectrometry/mass spectrometry (tTIMS/MS) with the dissociation capabilities of ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) for protein structure analysis.ResultsWe establish the feasibility of dissociating intact proteins by UV irradiation at 213 nm between the two TIMS devices in tTIMS/MS and at pressure conditions compatible with ion mobility spectrometry (2–3 mbar). We validate that the fragments produced by UVPD under these conditions result from a radical‐based mechanism in accordance with prior literature on UVPD. The data suggest stabilization of fragment ions produced from UVPD by collisional cooling due to the elevated pressures used here (“UVnoD2”), which otherwise do not survive to detection. The data account for a sequence coverage for the protein ubiquitin comparable to recent reports, demonstrating the analytical utility of our instrument in mobility‐separating fragment ions produced from UVPD.ConclusionsThe data demonstrate that UVPD carried out at elevated pressures of 2–3 mbar yields extensive fragment ions rich in information about the protein and that their exhaustive analysis requires IMS separation post‐UVPD. Therefore, because UVPD and tTIMS/MS each have been shown to be valuable techniques on their own merit in proteomics, our contribution here underscores the potential of combining tTIMS/MS with UVPD for structural proteomics.
Varicella‐zoster pneumonia with endobronchial lesions
Authors: Sueyasu Takuto , Tobino Kazunori , Yamamoto Ryuta , Nishizawa Saori , Ko Yuki 
Published: September 2021

Key messageVaricella‐zoster pneumonia with endobronchial lesions is rare. When immunosuppressed patients get skin lesions with systemic symptoms, the possibility of varicella‐zoster virus infection of the respiratory tract should be kept in mind. In our case, the pulmonary lesions persisted for 15 months.
Quercetin‐Loaded Ceria Nanocomposite Potentiate Dual‐Directional Immunoregulation via Macrophage Polarization against Periodontal Inflammation
Authors: Wang Yu , Li Chunyan , Wan Yao , Qi Manlin , Chen Qiuhan , Sun Yue , Sun Xiaolin , Fang Jiao , Fu Li , Xu Lin , Dong Biao , Wang Lin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMacrophage polarization toward M1 phenotype (pro‐inflammation) is closely associated with the destructive phase of periodontal inflammation. Nanoceria is verified to inhibit M1 polarization of macrophages by the favorable ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging. However, the function of nanoceria on macrophage polarization toward M2 phenotype (anti‐inflammation) in reparative phase of periodontal inflammation is quite limited. In this work, by introducing an antioxidant drug quercetin onto nano‐octahedral ceria, synergistic and intense regulation of host immunity against periodontal disease is realized. Such nanocomposite can control the phenotypic switch of macrophages by not only inhibition of M1 polarization for suppressing the damage in the destructive phase but also promotion of M2 polarization for regenerating the surrounding tissues in reparative phase of periodontal disease. As‐prepared nanocomposite can effectively increase the M2/M1 ratio of macrophage polarization in inflammatory cellular models by lipopolysaccharide stimulation. More importantly, the nanocomposite also exerts an improved therapeutic potential against local inflammation by significant downregulation of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and upregulation of anti‐inflammatory cytokines in an animal model with periodontal inflammation. Therefore, this newly developed nanomedicine is efficient in ROS scavenging and driving pro‐inflammatory macrophages to the anti‐inflammatory phenotype to eliminate inflammation, thereby providing a promising candidate for treating periodontal inflammation.