bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sobrecarga de trabalho em enfermagem através do Nursing Activities Score como ferramenta avaliadora
Authors: Martins Victor Hugo da Silva , Nascimento Fernanda Ribeiro , Bezerra Nadyr Cristina , Guisande Tatiana Carla Carvalho Amorim , Tavares Venâncio de Sant'ana , Alencar Angely Anny de Castro , Souza Anna Paula Lima de , Belfort Lucas Rafael Monteiro , Carvalho Marília Andrada Brito 
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo buscou identificar o uso do Nursing Activities Score (NAS) para avaliar a sobrecarga de trabalho de enfermagem em estudos nacionais em enfermagem. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, composta de: escolha do tema, levantamento bibliográfico, formulação da pergunta norteadora, busca dos artigos, leitura e redação final do trabalho. A busca dos artigos foi realizada por consulta às bases de dados da BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde) entre os anos de 2009 e 2019, utilizadas as fontes de dados como LILACS, BDENF, Medline e Scielo. Foram selecionados 16 artigos, os quais levantaram diversos fatores a serem ponderados ao tratar-se de carga de trabalho para enfermagem como conhecimento, técnica, destreza, perfil de liderança, dimensionamento de pessoal, sítios assistenciais, e outros que implicam diretamente na qualidade assistencial. Muitos estudos confirmam o NAS como ferramenta gerencial, mas ainda se vê a pouca utilização do mesmo. É preciso promover a utilização do instrumento para além dos serviços de UTI no país, na visão de melhorar o trabalho, principalmente, dos profissionais de enfermagem, e prestar uma melhor gestão do cuidado para os pacientes.
Are Agatha, Dashiell, and Arthur alive? Assessing the link between hand movements and false intentions
Authors: Baêna Tomás Sanches 
Published: June 2021

Background: With the ever-increasing political, ideological and social tension which followed 9/11, crime prevention stands as an issue of major relevance. The development of the ability to accurately detect statements of false intent is of great societal and legal value. It could aid intelligence services in preventing crimes (e.g., terrorist threats) and security services in reinforcing their protocols (e.g., airport security checks, parole hearings, and border control).Goals: To examine the associations between hand movements and false intentions in adults.Methods: Using a laboratory-based variation of the ‘Portsmouth design’, 23 students completed a questionnaire about their intentions to travel in the near future. Participants with a planned trip were placed in the truth tellers’ condition (n = 12). Those who did not have a planned trip were placed in the liars’ condition (n = 11). Based on the main theoretical approaches, three hypotheses were proposed. Hypothesis 1 advocated a decrease in the three categories of illustrators (movements interconnected to speech that serve to illustrate what is being verbally said) in liars, as compared to the truth tellers. Hypothesis 2 also suggested a decrease in the category of subtle hand and finger movements in the lying condition, comparatively with the truth condition. Finally, hypothesis 3 proposed a lack of significant differences between liars and truth-tellers in the five categories of self-adaptors (movements in which one part of the body does something to another body part, such as scratching the ear or squeezing the hands).Results: Hypothesis 1 was partially supported. The general and the unilateral categories of illustrators decreased in the case of the liars, as compared to the truth tellers; however, the bilateral category of illustrators slightly increased in the lying condition, in comparison with truth telling. Hypotheses 2 and 3 were fully supported. Discussion: Apart from the slight increase of bilateral illustrators in the case of the liars, all the results are in accordance with the empirical findings on deception research about past events. This similarity is noteworthy, considering the cognitive differences between lies about past events and lies about future events.
Probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 Alleviates Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis in Mice
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Jiatong , Zhang Haonan , Zheng Xin , Wang Jiantao , Jia Xiaoyue , Peng Xian , Xie Qian , Zou Jing , Zheng Liwei , Li Jiyao , Zhou Xuedong , Xu Xin 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundOral mucositis is the most common oral complication of cancer patients receiving radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, leading to poor quality of life. Limitations of the current interventions on radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) urge the development of novel therapeutics. Here, we evaluated the treatment outcome of probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 on RIOM mice, and oral microbiota that is associated with the progress of RIOM was further investigated.MethodsAn experimental RIOM mouse model was established, and S. salivarius K12 was applied to the mouse oral cavity daily. Histological analyses were performed to evaluate the severity of oral mucositis and the treatment outcome of S. salivarius K12. The oral microbiota of mice was further analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing, microbial culture and qPCR.Results Irradiation induced conspicuous mucositis in the oral cavity of mice. S. salivarius K12 treatment was beneficial for the healing of RIOM, as reflected by reduced ulcer size, increased basal layer epithelial cellularity and mucosal thickness, and elevated epithelial proliferation and attenuated apoptosis. RIOM mice presented significant oral microbial dysbiosis, with an overgrowth of oral anaerobes. S. salivarius K12 treatment reconstituted the oral microbiota and decreased the abundance of oral anaerobes of RIOM mice. In addition, S. salivarius K12 treatment inhibited NI1060 in Pasteurella genus and downregulated the expression of nitrate reductase.ConclusionsS. salivarius K12 treatment can alleviate RIOM and reconstituted the dysbiotic oral microbiota in mice. S. salivarius K12 may represent a promising adjuvant treatment to improve the quality of life of cancer patients receiving radiotherapy.
Insight Into Osseointegration of Nanohydroxyapatite/Polyamide 66 Based on the Radiolucent Gap: Comparison With Polyether-Ether-Ketone
Authors: Li Jianxiao , Peng Haitao , Chen Zhiyu , Hu Chenbo , He Tao , Li Hong , Quan Zhengxue 
Published: June 2021

Spinal fusion cages have been used in spinal fusion surgery for over 20 years. Polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) cages are one of the most widely used materials. However, an increasing number of clinical and preclinical studies have shown that as a bioinert material the PEEK cage causes implant failure owing to limited osseointegration. The most common complication is a radiolucent zone at the bone-implant interface. Nanohydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (n-HA/PA66) is a bioactive composite with sufficient load-bearing properties and good osseointegration abilities. However, in the early stage after surgery, a radiolucent gap can also be observed at the margin of the bone-implant interface. To better assess osseointegration performance as a fusion cage and compare the radiolucent gaps between the two materials, PEEK and n-HA/PA66, implants were prepared and implanted into the femoral condyles of adult New Zealand white rabbits to create a line-to-line bone-implant interface model. The interfaces were systematically investigated using X-ray radiography, histological analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental mapping analysis, micro-computed tomography evaluation, and push-out tests at 4, 8, 12, 24, and 52 weeks. Analysis of X-ray films and histological sections indicated a radiolucent gap around the margin of n-HA/PA66 in the early weeks after implantation (4–8 weeks). The gap narrowed and decreased gradually at 24–52 weeks. Histological analysis and SEM suggested that the formed bone could integrate and adhere in some regions of the implant surface. In addition, a better bone-like apatite layer was formed between the bone and the n-HA/PA66 implant interface than with the PEEK implant. Push-out tests conducted at 24 and 52 weeks to evaluate integrated strength showed that the n-HA/PA66 implants have better bonding strength and sufficient stability, whereas PEEK implants possess poor integrated strength. Therefore, the n-HA/PA66 composite exhibits good osseointegration properties and an improved integrated bone-implant interface.
Sex Difference in Network Topology and Education Correlated With Sex Difference in Cognition During the Disease Process of Alzheimer
Authors: Li Xiaoshu , Zhou ShanShan , Zhu Wanqiu , Li Xiaohu , Gao Ziwen , Li Meiqin , Luo Shilei , Wu Xingqi , Tian Yanghua , Yu Yongqiang 
Published: June 2021

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) manifests differently in males and females. However, the neuro-mechanism and influence factors are still unknown.Objective: To explore sex differences in brain network topology during AD disease progression and its association with cognition and possible influencing factors.Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data and cognitive scores were collected from 82 AD patients (50 females), 56 amnestic mildly cognitive impaired patients (29 females), and 63 healthy controls (38 females). Global and regional topological network metrics and modular architecture were calculated. Two-way ANOVA was performed to explore group and sex interactions and their main effects. Mediation analysis was used to explore the relationship among education, inter/intra-network connectivity, and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score.Results: Lower levels of education, lower MMSE scores, and a positive correlation between the level of education and MMSE scores were found in female AD patients (p = 0.024, r = 0.319). Significantly lower connectivity strength within the sensorimotor network, dorsal attention network, ventral attention network (VAN), and between the sensorimotor and VAN were observed in male AD patients (p = 0.006, 0.028, 0.046, and 0.013, respectively). Group and sex interactions were also found in nodal properties, mainly in the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, middle cingulum, precuneus, and postcentral gyrus. Several of the altered brain network properties were associated with cognitive behavior in male AD patients. Education regulated the MMSE score through the mediation of connection strength between the default mode and limbic networks (LN) in the patient group (aMCI and AD combined).Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that sex differences exist at the brain network level in AD. Sex differences in network topology and education are correlated with sex differences in cognition during AD progression.
Perceptions of Modulatory Factors in Migraine and Epilepsy: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Ur Özçelik Emel , Lin Katia , Mameniškienè Ruta , Sauter Dalbem Juiane , Siqueira Heloise Helena , Samaitienė Rūta , Vega Zeissig Luz Eleonora , Fonseca Armando Ferreira , Mazini Alves Juliana , dos Santos Lunardi Mariana , de Queiroz Luiz Paulo , Zubavičiūtė Erika , Wolf Peter , Baykan Betül 
Published: June 2021

Background: Migraine and epilepsy are both common episodic disorders, typically precipitated or inhibited by some modulatory factors (MFs).Objective: To assess the self-perception of MFs in patients with migraine (PWM) compared to patients with epilepsy (PWE) with a standardized protocol in different countries.Methods: Transcultural multicenter comparative cross-sectional study. All consecutive patients who fulfilled the ICHD-3 criteria for migraine and ILAE's criteria for epilepsy, with at least 1 year of follow-up were interviewed with a semi-structured questionnaire on clinical and epidemiological data and were asked to identify all experienced MFs from a provided list.Results: A total of 608 individuals were surveyed at five university referral centers in Brazil, Guatemala, Lithuania and Turkey. Two hundred and nineteen (91.6%) PWM and 305 (82.7%) PWE identified attack precipitating factors (PFs; p &lt; 0.001). The most frequent three PFs reported by epilepsy patients were: “lack of sleep” (56.6%), “emotional stress” (55.3%), “negative feelings” (53.9%), while among migraine patients “emotional stress” (81.6%), “lack of sleep” (77.8%), “negative feelings” (75.7%) were cited. Inhibitory factors (IFs) for the episodes were reported by 68 (28.5%) PWM and 116 (31.4%) PWE. “Darkness” was the most common one, described by 35.6% of PWM whereas “positive feelings” reported by 10.6% of PWE. Most MFs are concordant across the countries but some transcultural differences were noted.Conclusion: The MFs of migraine and epilepsy attacks and their varying frequencies according to different countries were investigated with the same standardized questionnaire, for the first time. MFs were recognized very often in both migraine and epilepsy cohorts, but in distinct disease-specific prevalence, being more frequent in migraine. Recognition of self-perceived MFs may be helpful for the management of both illnesses.
White Matter Changes With Rehabilitation in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Izadi-Najafabadi Sara , Zwicker Jill G. 
Published: June 2021

Background and Objectives: Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have difficulty learning motor skills, which can affect their participation in activities of daily living and psychosocial well-being. Over 50% of children with DCD also have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which further exacerbates their motor problems and impact on quality of life. A rehabilitation approach known as Cognitive Orientation to Occupational Performance uses problem-solving strategies to help children learn motor skills they wish to achieve. While this cognitive approach has been effective for children with DCD, few studies have examined the effectiveness of this approach for children with co-occurring ADHD. Further, the underlying mechanism and neural basis of this intervention are largely unknown.Methods: In this randomized waitlist-controlled trial, we used MRI to examine white matter microstructure after intervention in 8–12-year-old children with DCD (n= 28) and with DCD and co-occurring ADHD (n= 25). Children in both groups were randomized to either a treatment group or waitlist group at their first MRI. The treatment group began the intervention after their MRI scan and returned for a post-treatment scan at 3 months, and follow-up scan at 6 months; the waitlist group waited 3 months before their second MRI, received the intervention, and then had a post-treatment scan. Each child received intervention once weekly for 10 weeks. Diffusion tensor imaging was used to acquire white matter diffusion parameters and was analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS).Results and Conclusion: Children with DCD showed significant improvement in white matter microstructure in the bilateral anterior thalamic radiation, bilateral sensorimotor tract, bilateral cingulum, fornix, splenium and body of corpus callosum, right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and white matter pathways to bilateral inferior gyri, right middle frontal gyrus, frontal medial cortex, and left cuneus. We suggest that these rehabilitation-induced neural changes in children with DCD occurred in regions associated with attention, self-regulation, motor planning, and inter-hemispheric communication, which positively affected brain connectivity and motor function. In contrast, children with DCD and co-occurring ADHD did not show any brain changes following the intervention. Modifications to the treatment protocol might help address the attentional and self-regulatory needs of children with a dual diagnosis.Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.govID: NCT02597751.
A Comparison of the Distortion in the Same Field MRI and MR-Linac System With a 3D Printed Phantom
Authors: Liu Xuechun , Li Zhenjiang , Rong Yi , Cao Minsong , Li Hongyu , Jia Chuntao , Shi Liting , Lu Weizhao , Gong Guanzhong , Yin Yong , Qiu Jianfeng 
Published: June 2021

PurposeA 3D printed geometric phantom was developed that can be scanned with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure the geometric distortion and determine the relevant dose changes.Materials and MethodsA self-designed 3D printed photosensitive resin phantom was used, which adopts grid-like structures and has 822 1 cm2 squares. The scanning plan was delivered by three MRI scanners: the Elekta Unity MR-Linac 1.5T, GE Signa HDe 1.5T, and GE Discovery-sim 750 3.0T. The geometric distortion comparison was concentrated on two 1.5T MRI systems, whereas the 3.0T MRI was used as a supplemental experiment. The most central transverse images in each dataset were selected to demonstrate the plane distortion. Some mark points were selected to analyze the distortion in the 3D direction based on the plane geometric distortion. A treatment plan was created with the off-line Monaco system.ResultsThe distortion increases gradually from the center to the outside. The distortion range is 0.79 ± 0.40 mm for the Unity, 1.31 ± 0.56 mm for the GE Signa HDe, and 2.82 ± 1.48 mm for the GE Discovery-sim 750. Additionally, the geometric distortion slightly affects the actual planning dose of the radiotherapy.ConclusionGeometric distortion increases gradually from the center to the outside. The distortion values of the Unity were smaller than those of the GE Signa HDe, and the Unity has the smallest geometric distortion. Finally, the Unity’s dose variation best matched with the standard treatment plan.
Progression-Free Survival, Prognostic Factors, and Surgical Outcome of Spheno-Orbital Meningiomas
Authors: Masalha Waseem , Heiland Dieter Henrik , Steiert Christine , Krüger Marie T. , Schnell Daniel , Scheiwe Christian , Schnell Oliver , Grosu Anca-L. , Beck Jürgen , Grauvogel Jürgen 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveSpheno-orbital meningiomas (SOM) are rare intracranial tumors that arise at the sphenoid wing. These tumors can invade important neurovascular structures making radical resection difficult, while residual tumors often lead to recurrence. The purpose of this study was to evaluate prognostic factors influencing the recurrence and progression-free survival (PFS) rates of spheno-orbital meningiomas, with a particular focus on the role of surgery and postoperative radiotherapy.MethodsBetween 2000 and March 2020, 65 cases of spheno-orbital meningioma were included, of which 50 cases underwent surgical treatment alone, and 15 cases underwent resection and radiotherapy. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to provide median point estimates and PFS rates; further, Cox regression analysis was used to identify significant factors associated with treatment.ResultsGross total resection significantly reduced the risk of recurrence (p-value = 0.0062). There was no significant benefit for progression-free survival after postoperative radiotherapy (p-value = 0.42). Additionally, spheno-orbital meningiomas with an invasion of the cavernous sinus and intraconal invasion showed significantly worse PFS compared to other locations (p-value = 0.017).ConclusionThe maximal safe resection remains the most important prognostic factor associated with lower recurrence rates and longer PFS in patients with spheno-orbital meningioma. The invasion of the cavernous sinus and intraconal invasion was an independent factor associated with worse PFS. Patients with postoperative high-precision radiotherapy did not show significantly better PFS due to the small number of patients.
An Integrated Analysis of the Response of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Caco-2 Cells to X-Ray Exposure
Authors: Guardamagna Isabella , Lonati Leonardo , Savio Monica , Stivala Lucia A. , Ottolenghi Andrea , Baiocco Giorgio 
Published: June 2021

Colorectal cancer is among the three top cancer types for incidence and the second in terms of mortality, usually managed with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In particular, radiotherapeutic concepts are crucial for the management of advanced rectal cancer, but patients’ survival remains poor, despite advances in treatment modalities. The use of well-characterized in vitro cell culture systems offers an important preclinical strategy to study mechanisms at the basis of cell response to therapeutic agents, including ionizing radiation, possibly leading to a better understanding of the in vivo response to the treatment. In this context, we present an integrated analysis of results obtained in an extensive measurement campaign of radiation effects on Caco-2 cells, derived from human colorectal adenocarcinoma. Cells were exposed to X-rays with doses up to 10 Gy from a radiotherapy accelerator. We measured a variety of endpoints at different post-irradiation times: clonogenic survival after ~ 2 weeks; cell cycle distribution, cell death, frequency of micronucleated cells and atypical mitoses, activation of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and of different proteins involved in DNA damage response and cell cycle regulation at earlier time points, up to 48 h post-exposure. Combined techniques of flow cytometry, immunofluorescence microscopy, gelatin zymography and western blotting were used. For selected endpoints, we also addressed the impact of the irradiation protocol, comparing results obtained when cells are plated before irradiation or first-irradiated and then re-plated. Caco-2 resistance to radiation, previously assessed up to 72 h post exposure in terms of cell viability, does not translate into a high clonogenic survival. Survival is not affected by the irradiation protocol, while endpoints measured on a shorter time frame are. Radiation mainly induces a G2-phase arrest, confirmed by associated molecular markers. The activation of death pathways is dose- and time-dependent, and correlates with a dose-dependent inhibition of MMPs. Genomic aberrations are also found to be dose-dependent. The phosphorylated forms of several proteins involved in cell cycle regulation increase following exposure; the key regulator FoxM1 appears to be downregulated, also leading to inhibition of MMP-2. A unified molecular model of the chain of events initiated by radiation is proposed to interpret all experimental results.
Bawei Chenxiang Wan Ameliorates Cardiac Hypertrophy by Activating AMPK/PPAR-α Signaling Pathway Improving Energy Metabolism
Authors: Zhang Xiaoying , Zhang Zhiying , Wang Pengxiang , Han Yiwei , Liu Lijun , Li Jie , Chen Yichun , Liu Duxia , Wang Jinying , Tian Xiaoying , Zhao Qin , Yan Fengxia 
Published: June 2021

Bawei Chenxiang Wan (BCW), a well-known traditional Chinese Tibetan medicine formula, is effective for the treatment of acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effect of BCW in cardiac hypertrophy and underlying mechanisms. The dose of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 g/kg BCW treated cardiac hypertrophy in SD rat model induced by isoprenaline (ISO). Our results showed that BCW (0.4 g/kg) could repress cardiac hypertrophy, indicated by macro morphology, heart weight to body weight ratio (HW/BW), left ventricle heart weight to body weight ratio (LVW/BW), hypertrophy markers, heart function, pathological structure, cross-sectional area (CSA) of myocardial cells, and the myocardial enzymes. Furthermore, we declared the mechanism of BCW anti-hypertrophy effect was associated with activating adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) signals, which regulate carnitine palmitoyltransferase1β (CPT-1β) and glucose transport-4 (GLUT-4) to ameliorate glycolipid metabolism. Moreover, BCW also elevated mitochondrial DNA-encoded genes of NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1(ND1), cytochrome b (Cytb), and mitochondrially encoded cytochrome coxidase I (mt-co1) expression, which was associated with mitochondria function and oxidative phosphorylation. Subsequently, knocking down AMPK by siRNA significantly can reverse the anti-hypertrophy effect of BCW indicated by hypertrophy markers and cell surface of cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, BCW prevents ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by activating AMPK/PPAR-α to alleviate the disturbance in energy metabolism. Therefore, BCW can be used as an alternative drug for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.