bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Cost‐Effective Halide Solid Electrolytes for All‐Solid‐State Batteries: Mechanochemically Prepared Fe3+‐Substituted Li2ZrCl6
Authors: Kwak Hiram , Han Daseul , Lyoo Jeyne , Park Juhyoun , Jung Sung Hoo , Han Yoonjae , Kwon Gihan , Kim Hansu , Hong Seung‐Tae , Nam Kyung‐Wan , Jung Yoon Seok 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOwing to the combined advantages of sulfide and oxide solid electrolytes (SEs), that is, mechanical sinterability and excellent (electro)chemical stability, recently emerging halide SEs such as Li3YCl6 are considered to be a game changer for the development of all‐solid‐state batteries. However, the use of expensive central metals hinders their practical applicability. Herein, a new halide superionic conductors are reported that are free of rare‐earth metals: hexagonal close‐packed (hcp) Li2ZrCl6 and Fe3+‐substituted Li2ZrCl6, derived via a mechanochemical method. Conventional heat treatment yields cubic close‐packed monoclinic Li2ZrCl6 with a low Li+ conductivity of 5.7 × 10−6 S cm−1 at 30 °C. In contrast, hcp Li2ZrCl6 with a high Li+ conductivity of 4.0 × 10−4 S cm−1 is derived via ball‐milling. More importantly, the aliovalent substitution of Li2ZrCl6 with Fe3+, which is probed by complementary analyses using X‐ray diffraction, pair distribution function, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy measurements, drastically enhances the Li+ conductivity up to ≈1 mS cm−1 for Li2.25Zr0.75Fe0.25Cl6. The superior interfacial stability when using Li2+xZr1−xFexCl6, as compared to that when using conventional Li6PS5Cl, is proved. Furthermore, an excellent electrochemical performance of the all‐solid‐state batteries is achieved via the combination of Li2ZrCl6 and single‐crystalline LiNi0.88Co0.11Al0.01O2.
First‐Cycle Oxidative Generation of Lithium Nucleation Sites Stabilizes Lithium‐Metal Electrodes
Authors: Huang Yu‐Kai , Pan Ruijun , Rehnlund David , Wang Zhaohui , Nyholm Leif 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAlthough lithium‐metal electrodes have very high capacities, their use as negative electrodes in batteries is associated with stability and safety problems due to formation of dendrites, mossy as well as dead lithium. These problems generally result from the difficulty to ensure that the deposition and stripping of lithium occur homogeneously on the entire electrode surface. As a result, the lithium‐metal electrode is gradually transformed into a thick, porous, and poorly performing electrode. It is therefore essential to develop approaches that facilitate the attainment of homogeneous (i.e., 2D) lithium nucleation and growth. It is also important to note that if the lithium electrode is oxidized on the first half‐cycle, the formed oxidation pits will control the subsequent lithium deposition step. Herein, it is shown that the performance of lithium‐metal electrodes can be straightforwardly improved by introducing a short (e.g., 1 s long) potentiostatic pulse so that the first oxidation step takes place more homogeneously on the lithium surface. This surface activation step gives rise to a large number of preferential lithium nucleation sites facilitating the subsequent attainment of a uniform lithium deposition step. The experimental results indicate that this straightforward pulse approach can significantly increase the lifetime of lithium‐metal electrodes.
Electrolyte‐Triggered C5‐Selective Trifluoromethylation and Halogenation of 8‐Aminoquinoline Derivatives
Authors: Wang Kai , Hou Jiahao , Lv Yangjing , Wei Tingting , Bai Renren , Xie Yuanyuan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAn efficient electrolyte‐triggered trifluoromethylation and halogenation at C5 position of 8‐aminoquinoline derivatives was developed, affording the C−H functionalization products in moderate to excellent yields. Furthermore, the mild and green reactions had lower energy consumption and shorter times. Most importantly, both transition‐metal catalysts and oxidants were avoided.
Parity‐Induced Localization in Periodically Driven Ring Lattices
Authors: Li Liping , Wang Bo , He Qing , Zhang Xuehua , Ge Xianghong , Mei Shuanglin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTunneling dynamics are investigated theoretically in ring shaped lattice with a site shifted periodically with respect to the others. A surprising finding on parity‐induced localization suggests that localization in the driven ring lattice can be generally divided into two types: odd‐parity‐induced localization and even‐parity‐induced localization, depending on the parity of number of quasi‐energy levels. Moreover, odd‐parity‐induced localization is proved to have its own distinct feature and it is not the crucial requirement to be an exact zero quasi‐energy state of classic dark state form for broad suppression of tunneling. These results deepen one's understanding about localization in a driven system and have great potential in the manipulation of quantum control.
Carbonbeton – Eine neue Verstärkungsmethode für Massivbrücken
Authors: Steinbock Oliver , Bösche Thomas , Schumann Alexander 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIm Rahmen von Ertüchtigungsmaßnahmen eines Brückenzugs über die über die Nidda wurden im Jahr 2020 erstmals zwei Spannbetonbrücken mit Carbonbeton verstärkt. Bei den im Jahr 1971 errichteten Teilbauwerken wurde sogenannter Sigma‐Oval Spannstahl verbaut, der als spannungsrisskorrosionsgefährdet gilt. Die Straßenbrücken zeigten rechnerisch kein ausreichendes Ankündigungsverhalten im Sinne der Handlungsanweisung Spannungsrisskorrosion, sodass ein plötzliches Versagen den Verkehrsteilnehmer gefährdete. Um dieses Defizit zu beheben, wurde eine Verstärkung notwendig. In Hinblick auf die exponierte Lage im Verkehrsnetz am Westkreuz Frankfurt a. M., stellte sich die Verstärkung mit Carbonbeton als die wirtschaftlichste und minimalinvasivste Verstärkungsmöglichkeit heraus. Nachfolgender Beitrag ist Bestandteil eines dreiteiligen Aufsatzes, der die notwendigen Planungsschritte und erste Erfahrungen aus der Ausführung zusammenträgt. In Teil 1 wurden neben den Grundlagen zur Spannungsrisskorrosion das Konzept und die Planungsschritte erläutert. Der nachfolgende zweite Teil stellt die Besonderheiten des Carbonbetons im Brückenbau dar und vergleicht diesen mit gängigen Verstärkungsmethoden. Teil 3 umfasst detaillierte Angaben zur Verstärkungsmaßnahme und erste Erfahrungen aus der baulichen Umsetzung.
Patient use of a self‐monitoring app during eating disorder treatment: Naturalistic longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Lindgreen Pil , Lomborg Kirsten , Clausen Loa 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo explore patients’ use of the self‐monitoring app Recovery Record during 26 weeks of naturalistic eating disorder treatment.MethodsSelected patient characteristics at baseline were explored as predictors of app use using linear regression. Patients were grouped according to diagnosis (anorexia versus bulimia), and mixed‐effects analyses were used to explore differences in app use between diagnoses across four time periods (weeks 1–4; weeks 5–8; weeks 9–12; weeks 13–26).ResultsEighty‐four patients were included of which 41 had anorexia and 43 had bulimia. The total number of logs varied greatly (mean (SD): 592 (628.50)), and patient app activity almost ceased at week 13. Increasing age and no previous eating disorder treatment predicted increased app activity (p = .007; p = .039, respectively). Patients with anorexia logged over four times more often than patients with bulimia in the last time period (median (CI): 4.27 (1.28;14.31); p = .018). Time predicted declining app use (all p ≤ .007).ConclusionFuture research on long‐term app engagement should investigate associations between patients’ app use and changes in their eating disorder symptom severity over time.
High‐Resolution DNA Dual‐Rulers Reveal a New Intermediate State in Ribosomal Frameshifting
Authors: Mao Yujia , Lin Ran , Xu Shoujun , Wang Yuhong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRibosomal frameshifting is an important pathway used by many viruses for protein synthesis that involves mRNA translocation of various numbers of nucleotides. Resolving the mRNA positions with subnucleotide precision will provide critical mechanistic information that is difficult to obtain with current techniques. We report a method of high‐resolution DNA rulers with subnucleotide precision and the discovery of new frameshifting intermediate states on mRNA containing a GA7G motif. Two intermediate states were observed with the aid of fusidic acid, one at the “0” reading frame and the other near the “−1” reading frame, in contrast to the “−2” and “−1” frameshifting products found in the absence of the antibiotic. We termed the new near‐“−1” intermediate the Post(−1*) state because it was shifted by approximately half a nucleotide compared to the normal “−1” reading frame at the 5’‐end. This indicates a ribosome conformation that is different from the conventional model of three reading frames. Our work reveals uniquely precise mRNA motions and subtle conformational changes that will complement structural and fluorescence studies.
Twilight‐specific light cues
Authors: Tarantini Giuseppe , Fraccaro Chiara 
Published: January 2021

Key Points
The TWILIGHT‐SYNERGY subgroup analysis demonstrated comparable safety and efficacy of the bioabsorbable polymer (BP) everolimus‐eluting stent versus durable polymer DES in high‐risk patients undergoing PCI, as well as advantage of 3 months DAPT followed by ticagrelor monotherapy, as compared with long term DAPT, in term of ischemic and hemorrhagic profile irrespective of DES type.
This study confirms and extends previous evidences about safety profile of BP‐DES and short term DAPT also in high risk patients.
Future studies should focus on further technological improvements and on particular clinical setting where these devices could prove potential superiority.
Between a rock and a hard place: Orbital atherectomy for under‐expanded stents
Authors: Grines Cindy L , Yen Andrew 
Published: January 2021

Key Points
Stent under‐expansion (rather than intimal hyperplasia) may be the cause of in‐stent restenosis.
Later expansion of coronary stents that were not fully deployed initially, can be difficult.
Atherectomy is one method of facilitating late stent expansion, but too few patients have been treated to determine the risk benefit ratio.
Cluster and building block structure of amylopectin from waxy maize starch
Authors: Wang Yajuan , Qian Jin , Liu Di , Sun Mengwen , Chen Hui , Kong Xiangli , Qiu Dan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the fine structure of amylopectin of waxy maize starch, which has been widely used in industry for producing modified starch, such as the esterification with octenyl succinic anhydride.FindingsWaxy maize starch was hydrolyzed with α‐amylase for 3.5 hr to obtain structural clusters. The clusters were further treated with phosphorylase α and β‐amylase in order to remove all the outer chains. The internal structure of waxy maize starch was determined by high‐performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detector (HPAEC–PAD). Results showed that one single cluster contained ~ 10.9 chains, on average, and the density of branching was 15.7. The ϕ,β‐limit dextrin of clusters from waxy maize starch were treated with a concentrated solution of α‐amylase to produce small and tightly branched units, and six different structural groups were defined. The average DP of branched building blocks was 10.9, and the number of chains for building block units was 2.8.Significance and noveltyThe fine structure of waxy maize starch, including the structural characteristic of cluster and building block, will provide some basic structural information for the reason why the functional properties of the starch derivatives achieved by the specific starch is superior to others.
Disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow from rectal cancer: A case report
Authors: Yoshida Kenta , Oyama Takao , Takahata Takenori , Kudo Sae , Sato Yuki , Saito Taro , Mikami Takafumi , Itabashi Chieko , Soma Yasushi , Fukuda Shinsaku 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA 66‐year‐old man presented with worsening dyspnea. A colonoscopy revealed an elevated lesion at the rectosigmoid junction. The biopsy specimen and bone marrow aspiration demonstrated adenocarcinoma, leading to a diagnosis of disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow. Because chemotherapy proved effective, he survived until 333 days after admission.
Improving the Electrocatalytic Activities and CO Tolerance of Pt NPs by Incorporating TiO2 Nanocubes onto Carbon Supports
Authors: Antoniassi Rodolfo M. , Quiroz Jhon , Barbosa Eduardo C. M. , Parreira Luanna S. , Isidoro Roberta A. , Spinacé Estevam V. , Silva Julio C. M. , Camargo Pedro. H. C. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDesigning efficient anode CO‐tolerant electrocatalysts is critical in low‐temperature fuel cell catalysts fueled either by H2/CO or alcohol. We demonstrate that the incorporation of TiO2 nanocubes (TiO2NCs) on Carbon Vulcan supports, followed by the synthesis of Pt NPs at their surface (Pt/TiO2NCs‐C material), led to improvements in performance towards the electrooxidation of carbon monoxide, ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol in acidic media relative to the commercial Pt/C and Pt/TiO2‐C counterparts employing commercial TiO2. The nanocubes enabled changes in the electronic properties of Pt NPs while contributing to the bifunctional mechanism as compared to Pt/C and Pt/TiO2‐C with commercial TiO2. Fuel cell experiments fed with H2/CO steam showed that Pt/TiO2NCs‐C employing nanocubes was resistant to CO‐poisoning, yielding superior performance in operational conditions. The results reported herein have important implications for developing electrocatalysts with superior performances in PEMFCs.
Design and Synthesis of Conductive Metal‐Organic Frameworks and Their Composites for Supercapacitors
Authors: Yue Ting , Xia Chenfeng , Liu Xiaobang , Wang Zhitong , Qi Kai , Xia Bao Yu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSupercapacitors possess important prospects in power supply, owing to the characteristics of fast charging/discharging and long cycling life. As emerging materials, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are the cutting‐edge electrode active materials for supercapacitors due to their good conductivity, tunable pore structure, as well as diverse composition. In this Minireview, we summarize the recent progress in MOF electrodes for supercapacitors. We focus on the synthesis of intrinsically conductive MOFs constructed from different organic linkers and adjustable metal ions, and the preparation of conductive MOF composites hybridized with conducting materials (conducting polymers and carbons). Following the discussion of both different types of conductive MOFs and their composites in supercapacitors, the challenges, and opportunities of conductive MOF electrodes for supercapacitors are further prospected at the end of this contribution, which would provide some valuable insights in facilitating the use of MOF materials in energy‐storage applications.
The Quantitative Influence of Coordinated Halogen Atoms on the Catalytic Performance of Bisiminoacenaphthylnickel Complexes in Ethylene Polymerization
Authors: Yang Wenhong , Meraz Mostakim , Fidelis Timothy Tizhe , Sun Wen‐Hua 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn experiments, nickel bromine complexes usually show a better catalytic performance in ethylene polymerization compared to their nickel chlorine analogues. Therefore, the present modeling study has been performed to investigate the effect of coordinated halogen atoms on the catalytic performances of two bisiminoacenaphthyl nickel systems, namely, Ni−Br and Ni−Cl. By using the multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA), the catalytic activity can be well predicted by the descriptors of effective net charge (Qeff) and bite angle (β), with correlation coefficient R2 values over 0.91. Meanwhile, the molecular weights of polyethylene are predicted by the descriptors of Qeff and open cone angle (θ). The calculated contributions of each descriptor show that the electronic effect is the predominant factor in Ni−Br system, while the steric effect becomes the dominant factor in Ni−Cl system. The different determined effect is expected to the main reason for the different catalytic performance between two Ni systems.
Metabolic studies of hypoxia‐inducible factor stabilisers IOX2, IOX3 and IOX4 (in vitro) for doping control
Authors: Philip Moses , Mathew Binoy , Karatt Tajudheen K. , Perwad Zubair , Subhahar Michael Benedict , Karakka Kal Abdul Khader 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe transcriptional activator hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) is a vital arbitrator in the performance of cellular responses lacking oxygen supply in aerobic organisms. Because these compounds are capable of enhancing the organism's capacity for molecular oxygen transport, they possess great potential for abuse as a performance‐enhancing agent in sports. A comprehensive study of the metabolic conversion of the most popular HIF stabilisers such as IOX2, IOX3 and IOX4 using equine liver microsomes (in vitro) is reported. The parents and their metabolites were identified and characterised by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry in negative ionisation mode using a QExactive high‐resolution mass spectrometer. Under the current experimental condition, a total of 10 metabolites for IOX2 (three phase I and seven phase II), nine metabolites for IOX3 (four phase I and five phase II) and five metabolites for IOX4 (three phase I and two phase II) were detected. The outcome of the present study is as follows: (1) all the three IOX candidates are prone to oxidation, results in subsequent monohydroxylated, and some dihydroxylated metabolites. (2) Besides oxidation, there is a possibility of hydrolysis and de‐alkylation, which results in corresponding carboxylic acid and amide, respectively. (3) The glucuronide and sulphate conjugate of the parent drugs as well as the monohydroxylated analogues were observed in this study. The characterised in vitro metabolites can potentially serve as target analytes for doping control analysis.
Verifying the validity of creatinine measurement in low‐concentrated urine spot samples—Photospectrometry versus liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Franz Simon , Skopp Gisela , Dame Torsten , Musshoff Frank 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOne of the major challenges of testing drugs of abuse is the detection of highly diluted urine samples. The ingestion of a large amount of fluid can considerably reduce the concentration of substances, possibly resulting in inaccurate drug testing. For detection, determination of urinary creatinine is a widely established procedure. In this study, results from the most popular methods, including photospectrometry (Jaffe) and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), have been compared regarding 327 urine abstinence control samples. Because samples with creatinine concentrations close to the cutoff of 20 mg/dL are of particular interest, only samples below 50 mg/dL were considered. Results revealed a close correlation of creatinine concentrations by both analytical methods with an R2 value of 0.9005. A mean concentration difference of 3.30 ± 3.45 mg/dL was observed, indicating a moderate underestimation by the Jaffe reaction. Graphical analyses showed high accordance between both methods with only a few outliers. Due to easy handling and for economic reasons, the spectrometric method is often preferred over LC–MS/MS. For urine samples with creatinine concentrations close to the cutoff, confirmation through a second method should be performed to avoid a possible disadvantage or even severe consequences for the respective individual. It is recommended that each laboratory establishes a reliable verification method.
Proton Conductivity in {Mo72Fe30}‐Type Keplerate
Authors: Tandekar Kesar , Singh Chandani , Supriya Sabbani 
Published: January 2021

AbstractProton conductivity studies for Keplerate cluster containing compound, [Mo72Fe30O252(CH3COO)12{Mo2O7(H2O)}2{H2Mo2O8(H2O)}(H2O)91] ⋅ 150H2O (1) have been performed. Compound 1 exhibits a conductivity value of 1.85×10−3 S cm−1 under humidified (RH=50 %) and low temperature (<330 K) conditions. The water molecules, present in this system along with deprotonated (iron coordinated) water molecules of compound 1, are responsible for the movement of the protons within its discrete clusters in the relevant crystals, following Grotthuss mechanism.
Impact of climate on landscape form, sediment transfer and the sedimentary record
Authors: Harries Rebekah M. , Gailleton Boris , Kirstein Linda A. , Attal Mikael , Whittaker Alexander C. , Mudd Simon M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe relationship between climate, landscape connectivity and sediment export from mountain ranges is key to understanding the propagation of erosion signals downstream into sedimentary basins. We explore the role of connectivity in modulating the composition of sediment exported from the Frontal Cordillera of the south‐central Argentine Andes by comparing three adjacent and apparently similar semi‐glaciated catchment‐fan systems within the context of an along‐strike precipitation gradient. We first identify that the bedrock exposed in the upper, previously glaciated reaches of the cordillera is under‐represented in the lithological composition of gravels on each of three alluvial fans. There is little evidence for abrasion or preferential weathering of sediment sourced from the upper cordillera, suggesting that the observed bias can only be explained by sediment storage in these glacially widened and flattened valleys of the upper cordillera (as revealed by channel steepness mapping). A detailed analysis of the morphology of sedimentary deposits within the catchments reveals catchment‐wide trends in either main valley incision or aggradation, linked to differences in hillslope–channel connectivity and precipitation. We observe that drier catchments have poor hillslope–channel connectivity and that gravels exported from dry catchments have a lithological composition depleted in clasts sourced from the upper cordillera. Conversely, the catchment with the highest maximum precipitation rate exhibits a high degree of connectivity between its sediment sources and the main river network, leading to the export of a greater proportion of upper cordillera gravel as well as a greater volume of sand.Finally, given a clear spatial correlation between the resistance of bedrock to erosion, mountain range elevation and its covariant, precipitation, we highlight how connectivity in these semi‐glaciated landscapes can be preconditioned by the spatial distribution of bedrock lithology.These findings give insight into the extent to which sedimentary archives record source erosion patterns through time.