bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Future of Anglican Studies
Authors: Joslyn-Siemiatkoski Daniel , McDougall Joy Ann , Larson-Miller Lizette , Kujawa-Holbrook Sheryl A. , Pui-lan Kwok , Percy Martyn , MacDougall Scott , Fowl Stephen , Chapman Mark David 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe papers in this forum offer an interdisciplinary assessment of the state of the field of Anglican Studies and perspectives on future trajectories. The first three papers, on liturgy, history, and world Anglicanism, offer an assessment of the respective state of these areas of Anglican Studies. The second set, on theology, sociology of religion, and biblical studies, stake out positions on how these disciplines inform the work of Anglican Studies. A concluding essay offers a synthesis of these papers, focusing on the themes of local contexts for Anglicanism, a further complexification of decolonizing processes in Anglicanism, and the critical role of conversation in Anglican Studies regarding disciplines, languages, and power dynamics.
A compact CPW-fed monopole antenna for multi-band application
Authors: Zhou YunYan , Zhao NianShun , Ning RenXia , Bao Jie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A compact coplanar waveguide-fed monopole antenna is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna is composed of three monopole branches. In order to achieve the miniaturization, the longest branch was bent. The antenna is printed on an FR4 dielectric substrate, having a compact size of 0.144λ0 × 0.105λ0 × 0.003λ0 at its lowest resonant frequency of 900 MHz. The multiband antenna covers five frequency bands: 820–990 MHz, 1.87–2.08 GHz, 2.37–2.93 GHz, 3.98–4.27 GHz, and 5.47–8.9 GHz, which covers the entire radio frequency identification bands (860–960 MHz, 2.4–2.48 GHz, and 5.725–5.875 GHz), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) bands (890–960 MHz and 1.850–1.990 GHz), WLAN bands (2.4–2.484 GHz and 5.725–5.825 GHz), WiMAX band (2.5–2.69 GHz), X-band satellite communication systems (7.25–7.75 GHz and 7.9–8.4 GHz), and sub 6 GHz in 5G mobile communication system (3.3–4.2 GHz and 4.4–5.0 GHz). Also, the antenna has good radiation characteristics in the operating band, which is nearly omnidirectional. Both the simulated and experimental results are presented and compared and a good agreement is established. The proposed antenna operates in five frequency bands with high gain and good radiation characteristics, which make it a suitable candidate in terminal devices with multiple communication standards.
Possible Precursory Slow‐Slip to Two ML∼3 Mainevents of the Diemtigen Microearthquake Sequence, Switzerland
Authors: Simon V. , Kraft T. , Diehl T. , Tormann T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHow earthquakes initiate is still a largely debated question in earthquake science. On the lab scale, rupture initiation is well studied, and detailed models of how rupture nucleation evolves have been developed. Contrarily, for real earthquakes, only a few high‐resolution observations of this process are available today, mostly limited to mainshock magnitudes > M5. Consequently, there is still no consensus on whether and how laboratory results can be transferred to real earthquakes. Here we show that rupture nucleation phenomena observed on the lab scale can also be imaged on the microearthquake‐scale with little instrumental effort. Our results highlight the potential of the applied analysis workflow to significantly improve the observation quality of seismicity patterns and immediate foreshock phenomena in microearthquake sequences. Our approach can help to narrow the existing observational gap to the lab scale and may contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of earthquake initiation in the future.
Cross‐ Coherence of the Outer Radiation Belt During Storms and the Role of the Plasmapause
Authors: Walton S. D. , Forsyth C. , Rae I. J. , Watt C. E. J. , Thompson R. L. , Horne R. B. , Meredith N. P. , Rodger C. J. , Walach M.‐T. , Clilverd M. A. , Glauert S. A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe high energy electron population in Earth's outer radiation belt is extremely variable, changing by multiple orders of magnitude on timescales that vary from under an hour to several weeks. These changes are typically linked to geomagnetic activity such as storms and substorms. In this study, we seek to understand how coherent changes in the radiation belt are across all radial distances, in order to provide a spatial insight into apparent global variations. We do this by calculating the correlation between fluxes on differentmeasured by the PET instrument aboard the SAMPEX spacecraft for times associated with 15 large storms. Our results show that during these times, variations in the0.63 MeV electron flux are coherent outside the minimum plasmapause location and also coherent inside the minimum plasmapause location, when flux is present. However, variations in the electron fluxes inside the plasmapause show little correlation with those outside the plasmapause. During storm recovery and possibly main phases, flux variations are coherent across allregardless of plasmapause location, due to a rapid decrease, followed by an increase in radiation belt fluxes across all.
Investigating Ionospheric Perturbations Following the 2020 Beirut Explosion Event
Authors: Jonah Olusegun F. , Vergados Panagiotis , Krishnamoorthy Siddharth , Komjathy Attila 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe assess the detection of the August 4, 2020 chemical explosion in Beirut, Lebanon (33°N, 35°E). We use ionospheric total electron content (TEC) observations from a regional network of ground‐based Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers to study the ionospheric variability and wave perturbations generated by the Beirut explosion. Our analysis reveals that the induced wave structures arrived in the ionosphere 10 ± 2 min after the explosion, which is a strong indication of acoustic gravity wave activity. These wave structures are characterized with ΔTEC of 0.06 TECU moving at ∼750 m/s in south‐east direction away from the explosion epicenter. The continuous wavelet analysis we applied shows a dominant wave periodicity of 1.5–2.5 min (6.78–11 mHz) in the ionosphere. Furthermore, we use measurements from ERA‐interim analysis to establish the ambient neutral atmospheric conditions before the Beirut explosion event. Finally, the observed ionospheric wave perturbations appear to be in good agreement with the expected arrival of acoustic gravity waves generated following the explosion.
IQSEC2 mutation associated with epilepsy, intellectual disability, and autism results in hyperexcitability of patient-derived neurons and deficient synaptic transmission
Authors: Brant Boris , Stern Tchelet , Shekhidem Huda Adwan , Mizrahi Liron , Rosh Idan , Stern Yam , Ofer Polina , Asleh Ayat , Umanah George K. Essien , Jada Reem , Levy Nina S. , Levy Andrew P. , Stern Shani 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMutations in the IQSEC2 gene are associated with drug-resistant, multifocal infantile and childhood epilepsy; autism; and severe intellectual disability (ID). We used induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology to obtain hippocampal neurons to investigate the neuropathology of IQSEC2-mediated disease. The neurons were characterized at three-time points during differentiation to assess developmental progression. We showed that immature IQSEC2 mutant dentate gyrus (DG) granule neurons were extremely hyperexcitable, exhibiting increased sodium and potassium currents compared to those of CRISPR-Cas9-corrected isogenic controls, and displayed dysregulation of genes involved in differentiation and development. Immature IQSEC2 mutant cultured neurons exhibited a marked reduction in the number of inhibitory neurons, which contributed further to hyperexcitability. As the mutant neurons aged, they became hypoexcitable, exhibiting reduced sodium and potassium currents and a reduction in the rate of synaptic and network activity, and showed dysregulation of genes involved in synaptic transmission and neuronal differentiation. Mature IQSEC2 mutant neurons were less viable than wild-type mature neurons and had reduced expression of surface AMPA receptors. Our studies provide mechanistic insights into severe infantile epilepsy and neurodevelopmental delay associated with this mutation and present a human model for studying IQSEC2 mutations in vitro.
Interleukin-34 promotes tumorigenic signals for colon cancer cells
Authors: Franzè Eleonora , Marafini Irene , Troncone Edoardo , Salvatori Silvia , Monteleone Giovanni 
Published: September 2021

AbstractColorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common forms of malignancy in the Western world. Accumulating evidence indicates that colon carcinogenesis is tightly controlled by tumour-associated immune cells and stromal cells, which can either stimulate or suppress CRC cell growth and survival, mainly via the production of cytokines. Interleukin-34 (IL-34), a cytokine known to regulate mainly monocyte/macrophage survival and function, is highly produced within the CRC microenvironment by several cell types, including cancer cells, tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and regulates the pro-tumoural functions of such cells. In this article, we summarize the available data supporting the multiple effects of IL-34 in human CRC.
SPRY4 acts as an indicator of osteoarthritis severity and regulates chondrocyte hypertrophy and ECM protease expression
Authors: Park Sunghyun , Arai Yoshie , Bello Alvin , Park Hansoo , Kim Dohyun , Park Kyung-Soon , Lee Soo-Hong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) causes serious changes in the metabolic and signaling pathways of chondrocytes, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. However, the role of sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 4 (SPRY4), an inhibitor of MAPK, in the human cartilage tissues and chondrocytes remains to be understood. Here, using SPRY4 gene delivery into healthy and degenerated chondrocytes, we elucidated the role of SPRY4 in preventing chondrocyte hypertrophy. In addition to using the human cartilage tissues with the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, the role of SPRY4 in cartilage tissues and chondrocytes was explored through their molecular and histological analyses. In order to determine the effects of SPRY4 on healthy human chondrocyte hypertrophy, small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knock down SPRY4. Lentiviral transduction of SPRY4 into degenerated human chondrocytes allowed us to investigate its ability to prevent hypertrophy. SPRY4 expression levels were higher in healthy human cartilage tissue and chondrocytes than in degenerated human cartilage tissues and hypertrophy-induced chondrocytes. The knockdown of SPRY4 in healthy chondrocytes caused an increase in hypertrophy, senescence, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and extracellular matrix (ECM) protease expression. However, all these factors decreased upon overexpression of SPRY4 in degenerated chondrocytes via regulation of the MAPK signaling pathway. We conclude that SPRY4 is a crucial indicator of osteoarthritis (OA) severity and could play an important role in preventing OA in the cartilage by inhibiting chondrocyte hypertrophy.
PIGG defines the Emm blood group system
Authors: Lane William J. , Aeschlimann Judith , Vege Sunitha , Lomas-Francis Christine , Burgos Anna , Mah Helen H. , Halls Justin B. L. , Baeck Peter , Ligthart Peter C. , Veldhuisen Barbera , Shah Ripal J. , Joshi Sanmukh R. , Westhoff Connie M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEmm is a high incidence red cell antigen with eight previously reported Emm− probands. Anti-Emm appears to be naturally occurring yet responsible for a clinically significant acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. Previous work suggests that Emm is located on a GPI-anchored protein, but the antigenic epitope and genetic basis have been elusive. We investigated samples from a South Asian Indian family with two Emm− brothers by whole genome sequencing (WGS). Additionally, samples from four unrelated Emm− individuals were investigated for variants in the candidate gene. Filtering for homozygous variants found in the Emm− brothers and by gnomAD frequency of < 0.001 resulted in 1818 variants with one of high impact; a 2-bp deletion causing a frameshift and premature stop codon in PIGG [NM_001127178.3:c.2624_2625delTA, p.(Leu875*), rs771819481]. PIGG encodes for a transferase, GPI-ethanolaminephosphate transferase II, which adds ethanolamine phosphate (EtNP) to the second mannose in a GPI-anchor. The four additional unrelated Emm− individuals had various PIGG mutations; deletion of Exons 2–3, deletion of Exons 7–9, insertion/deletion (indel) in Exon 3, and new stop codon in Exon 5. The Emm− phenotype is associated with a rare deficiency of PIGG, potentially defining a new Emm blood group system composed of EtNP bound to mannose, part of the GPI-anchor. The results are consistent with the known PI-linked association of the Emm antigen, and may explain the production of the antibody in the absence of RBC transfusion. Any association with neurologic phenotypes requires further research.
Impacts of environmental conditions, and allelic variation of cytosolic glutamine synthetase on maize hybrid kernel production
Authors: Amiour Nardjis , Décousset Laurent , Rouster Jacques , Quenard Nicolas , Buet Clément , Dubreuil Pierre , Quilleré Isabelle , Brulé Lenaïg , Cukier Caroline , Dinant Sylvie , Sallaud Christophe , Dubois Frédéric , Limami Anis M. , Lea Peter J. , Hirel Bertrand 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1) is the enzyme mainly responsible of ammonium assimilation and reassimilation in maize leaves. The agronomic potential of GS1 in maize kernel production was investigated by examining the impact of an overexpression of the enzyme in the leaf cells. Transgenic hybrids exhibiting a three-fold increase in leaf GS activity were produced and characterized using plants grown in the field. Several independent hybrids overexpressing Gln1-3, a gene encoding cytosolic (GS1), in the leaf and bundle sheath mesophyll cells were grown over five years in different locations. On average, a 3.8% increase in kernel yield was obtained in the transgenic hybrids compared to controls. However, we observed that such an increase was simultaneously dependent upon both the environmental conditions and the transgenic event for a given field trial. Although variable from one environment to another, significant associations were also found between two GS1 genes (Gln1-3 and Gln1-4) polymorphic regions and kernel yield in different locations. We propose that the GS1 enzyme is a potential lead for producing high yielding maize hybrids using either genetic engineering or marker-assisted selection. However, for these hybrids, yield increases will be largely dependent upon the environmental conditions used to grow the plants.
Phylogeographic reconstruction of the marbled crayfish origin
Authors: Gutekunst Julian , Maiakovska Olena , Hanna Katharina , Provataris Panagiotis , Horn Hannes , Wolf Stephan , Skelton Christopher E. , Dorn Nathan J. , Lyko Frank 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis) is a triploid and parthenogenetic freshwater crayfish species that has colonized diverse habitats around the world. Previous studies suggested that the clonal marbled crayfish population descended as recently as 25 years ago from a single specimen of P. fallax, the sexually reproducing parent species. However, the genetic, phylogeographic, and mechanistic origins of the species have remained enigmatic. We have now constructed a new genome assembly for P. virginalis to support a detailed phylogeographic analysis of the diploid parent species, Procambarus fallax. Our results strongly suggest that both parental haplotypes of P. virginalis were inherited from the Everglades subpopulation of P. fallax. Comprehensive whole-genome sequencing also detected triploid specimens in the same subpopulation, which either represent evolutionarily important intermediate genotypes or independent parthenogenetic lineages arising among the sexual parent population. Our findings thus clarify the geographic origin of the marbled crayfish and identify potential mechanisms of parthenogenetic speciation.
Platinized graphene fiber electrodes uncover direct spleen-vagus communication
Authors: Gonzalez-Gonzalez Maria A. , Bendale Geetanjali S. , Wang Kezhong , Wallace Gordon G. , Romero-Ortega Mario 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNeural interfacing nerve fascicles along the splenic neurovascular plexus (SNVP) is needed to better understand the spleen physiology, and for selective neuromodulation of this major organ. However, their small size and anatomical location have proven to be a significant challenge. Here, we use a reduced liquid crystalline graphene oxide (rGO) fiber coated with platinum (Pt) as a super-flexible suture-like electrode to interface multiple SNVP. The Pt-rGO fibers work as a handover knot electrodes over the small SNVP, allowing sensitive recording from four splenic nerve terminal branches (SN 1–4), to uncover differential activity and axon composition among them. Here, the asymmetric defasciculation of the SN branches is revealed by electron microscopy, and the functional compartmentalization in spleen innervation is evidenced in response to hypoxia and pharmacological modulation of mean arterial pressure. We demonstrate that electrical stimulation of cervical and sub-diaphragmatic vagus nerve (VN), evokes activity in a subset of SN terminal branches, providing evidence for a direct VN control over the spleen. This notion is supported by adenoviral tract-tracing of SN branches, revealing an unconventional direct brain-spleen projection. High-performance Pt-rGO fiber electrodes, may be used for the fine neural modulation of other small neurovascular plexus at the point of entry of major organs as a bioelectronic medical alternative.
High efficiency green InP quantum dot light-emitting diodes by balancing electron and hole mobility
Authors: Chao Wei-Chih , Chiang Tzu-Hsuan , Liu Yi-Chun , Huang Zhi-Xuan , Liao Chia-Chun , Chu Chen-Hsien , Wang Chih-Hsing , Tseng Huan-Wei , Hung Wen-Yi , Chou Pi-Tai 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe industrialization of quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) requires the use of less hazardous cadmium-free quantum dots, among which ZnSe-based blue and InP-based green and red quantum dots have received considerable attention. In comparison, the development of InP-based green QLEDs is lagging behind. Here, we prepare green InP/ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots with a diameter of 8.6 nm. We then modify the InP quantum dot emitting layer by passivation with various alkyl diamines and zinc halides, which decreases electron mobility and enhances hole transport. This, together with optimizing the electron transport layer, leads to green 545 nm InP QLEDs with a maximum quantum efficiency (EQE) of 16.3% and a current efficiency 57.5 cd/A. EQE approaches the theoretical limit of InP quantum dots, with an emission quantum yield of 86%.
Effects of laboratory domestication on the rodent gut microbiome
Authors: Bowerman Kate L , Knowles Sarah C L , Bradley Janette E , Baltrūnaitė Laima , Lynch Michael D J , Jones Kathryn M , Hugenholtz Philip 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The domestication of the laboratory mouse has influenced the composition of its native gut microbiome, which is now known to differ from that of its wild ancestor. However, limited exploration of the rodent gut microbiome beyond the model species Mus musculus has made it difficult to interpret microbiome variation in a broader phylogenetic context. Here, we analyse 120 de novo and 469 public metagenomically-sequenced faecal and caecal samples from 16 rodent hosts representing wild, laboratory and captive lifestyles. Distinct gut bacterial communities were observed between rodent host genera, with broadly distributed species originating from the as-yet-uncultured bacterial genera UBA9475 and UBA2821 in the families Oscillospiraceae and Lachnospiraceae, respectively. In laboratory mice, Helicobacteraceae were generally depleted relative to wild mice and specific Muribaculaceae populations were enriched in different laboratory facilities, suggesting facility-specific outgrowths of this historically dominant rodent gut family. Several bacterial families of clinical interest, including Akkermansiaceae, Streptococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae, were inferred to have gained over half of their representative species in mice within the laboratory environment, being undetected in most wild rodents and suggesting an association between laboratory domestication and pathobiont emergence.
Stereoselective synthesis of chiral δ-lactones via an engineered carbonyl reductase
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhang Xiao-Yan , Zheng Yu-Cong , Bai Yun-Peng 
Published: September 2021

A carbonyl reductase variant, SmCRM5, from Serratia marcescens was obtained through structure-guided directed evolution. The variant showed improved specific activity (U mg−1) towards most of the 16 tested substrates and gave high stereoselectivities of up to 99% in the asymmetric synthesis of 13 γ-/δ-lactones.
The Role of Spontaneous Repetitions During Treatment of Morphosyntactic Forms for Children With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Nicholas Katrina , Plante Elena , Gómez Rebecca , Vance Rebecca 
Published: September 2021

PurposeChildren with developmental language disorder sometimes spontaneously repeat clinician models of morphemes targeted for treatment. We examine how spontaneous repeating of clinician models in the form of recasts associates with improved child production of those emerging morphemes.MethodForty-seven preschool children with developmental language disorder participated in Enhanced Conversational Recast therapy and were monitored for spontaneous repetitions of morphemes modeled by the clinician through conversational recasting. We calculated proportion of correct and incorrect productions elicited during treatment and for generalization probes as well as treatment effect sizes. We then used odds ratios to determine the probability that a spontaneous repetition may precede treatment gains and calculated correlations of correct repetitions with correct in-treatment productions of targets and treatment effect sizes.ResultsSpontaneous repetitions were highly likely to happen just prior to meaningful treatment progress. Children with higher frequencies of correct spontaneous repetitions of morpheme targets also showed higher frequencies of correct productions of these forms during the course of treatment. Furthermore, children with an earlier onset of repetitions and higher frequencies of correct repetitions showed overall larger effect sizes at the end of treatment.ConclusionsChildren's use of correct forms in their repetitions may serve as a self-scaffold for mastering productions of the correct form via structural priming mechanisms. Tracking spontaneously repeated targets may be a useful milestone for identifying response to treatment.