bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and biological evaluation of some 1‐naphthol derivatives as antioxidants, acetylcholinesterase, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Authors: Erdoğan Musa , Polat Köse Leyla , Eşsiz Selçuk , Gülçin İlhami 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA series of some naphthol derivatives 4a–f, 5a,f, 6a, and 7a,b (six novel ones: 4c,d, 5a, 6a, 7a,b) bearing F, Cl, Br, OMe, and dioxole substituents at different positions of the aromatic rings was designed, synthesized, and characterized. The naphthol derivatives were synthesized in three steps, namely the addition reaction of furan via Diels–Alder cycloaddition reaction, copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate (Cu(OTf)2)‐catalyzed aromatization reaction, and the bromination reaction, respectively. The structures of the newly obtained compounds (4c,d, 5a, 6a, 7a,b) were characterized by spectroscopic techniques. In addition, some biological activity studies were investigated under in vitro conditions. Inhibition studies of these compounds were performed on human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) I and II isoenzymes purified from human erythrocytes as a biological evaluation. Moreover, their potential antioxidant and antiradical activities were studied by analytical methods like ABTS•+ and DPPH• scavenging, and it was determined that some molecules showed good activity. Also, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which is a marker of many degenerative neurological diseases, was tested and the results were discussed. Excellent enzyme inhibition results were recorded for most of the molecules. These 1‐naphthol derivatives were found as effective inhibitors for hCA I, hCA II, and AChE with K
i values ranging from 0.034 ± 0.54 to 0.724 ± 0.18 µM for hCA I, 0.172 ± 0.02 to 0.562 ± 0.21 µM for hCA II, and 0.096 ± 0.01 to 0.177 ± 0.02 µM for AChE.
Potential targeting of Hep3B liver cancer cells by lupeol isolated from Avicennia marina
Authors: Eldohaji Leen M. , Fayed Bahgat , Hamoda Alshaimaa M. , Ershaid Mai , Abdin Shifaa , Alhamidi Tasneem B. , Mohammad Mohammad G. , Omar Hany A. , Soliman Sameh S. M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMedicinal plants are valuable sources of different active constituents that are known to have important pharmacological activities including anticancer effects. Lupeol, a pentacyclic triterpenoid, present in many medicinal plants, has a wide range of biological activities. Although the anticancer activity of lupeol was reported, the published data are inconsistent and the clear mechanism of action has never been assigned. The current study aims at investigating the anticancer specificity and mechanism of lupeol isolated from Avicennia marina, which grows in the desert of the United Arab Emirates. The compound was purified by chromatography and identified by spectroscopy. Compared with a negative control, lupeol caused significant (p < .001) growth inhibitory activity on MCF‐7 and Hep3B parental and resistant cells by 45%, 46%, 72%, and 35%, respectively. The mechanism of action of lupeol was further explored by measuring its effect on key players in cancer development and progression, BCL‐2 anti‐apoptotic and BAX pro‐apoptotic proteins. Lupeol significantly (p < .01) downregulated BCL‐2 gene expression in parental and resistant Hep3B cells by 33 and 3.5 times, respectively, contributing to the induction of apoptosis in Hep3B cells, whereas it caused no effect on BAX. Furthermore, the immunoblotting analysis revealed that lupeol cleaved the executioner caspase‐3 into its active form. Interestingly, lupeol showed no significant effect on the proliferation of monocytes, whereas it caused an increase in the sub‐G1 population and a reduction in the apoptosis rates of monocytes at 48 and 72 h, indicative of no immuno‐inflammatory responses. Collectively, lupeol can be considered as promising effective and safe anticancer agent, particularly against Hep3B cancer cells.
Not all uncertainty is treated equally: Information search under social and nonsocial uncertainty
Authors: Fleischhut Nadine , Artinger Florian M. , Olschewski Sebastian , Hertwig Ralph 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe social world is often portrayed as being less predictable and more uncertain than the nonsocial world. People may therefore feel the need to search more for information before making a choice. However, we suggest that cognitive tools such as social projection and norm‐based expectation may help people to predict others' behaviors in the social world and thus serve as a substitute for information search. We argue that in situations where the environment affords this possibility, social uncertainty may in fact trigger less search than nonsocial uncertainty. Consistent with our expectations, findings from two experiments showed that participants sampled considerably less and systematically differently in a mini‐ultimatum game (mUG; social uncertainty) than in structurally identical lotteries (nonsocial uncertainty). Even selfish individuals sensitive to the risk of rejection did not sample more than others, let alone as much as people in lotteries. Raising the stakes strongly increased sampling effort in lotteries but not in the social game. When evaluating risks based on outcomes alone, participants also anticipated searching less in mUGs than in lotteries, indicating that they were aware of norm‐based regularities in social worlds and that they exploited those regularities to guide their expectations. The findings highlight that the structure of social environments can enable decision makers to use cognitive tools to navigate uncertainty without needing to invest in extensive search.
A systematic review of research on stability of preference assessment outcomes across repeated administrations
Authors: MacNaul Hannah , Cividini‐Motta Catia , Wilson Shannon , Di Paola Hunter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA key component to any successful intervention aimed at increasing appropriate behavior for individuals with disabilities is the identification of potential reinforcers (Verriden & Roscoe, 2016). Preference assessments allow for the identification of specific preferred items for each individual; however, little is known about the stability of preference over time. The purpose of this review was to synthesize results from 20 studies that conducted two or more preference assessments, at least 24 h apart, and analyze the stability of preference assessment outcomes across repeated assessment administrations. This paper investigated the impact of the inter‐assessment interval (IAI; i.e., how often assessments were conducted), preference assessment format, and stimulus type (i.e., leisure items/activities, edibles, social interaction) on the stability of preference assessment outcomes. Results suggest that, across repeated administration, preference is most stable at brief IAIs (8–30 days) and when using the paired‐stimulus format (Fisher et al., 1992). Implications for practitioners and future research are discussed.
Dispersion of sulfur creates a valuable new growth medium formulation that enables earlier sulfur oxidation in relation to iron oxidation in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans cultures
Authors: Inaba Yuta , Kernan Timothy , West Alan C. , Banta Scott 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is an acidophilic chemolithoautotroph that is commonly reported to exhibit diauxic population growth behavior where ferrous iron is oxidized before elemental sulfur when both are available, despite the higher energy content of sulfur. We have discovered sulfur dispersion formulations that enables sulfur oxidation before ferrous iron oxidation. The oxidation of dispersed sulfur can lower the culture pH within days below the range where aerobic ferrous iron oxidation can occur. Thus, ferric iron reduction can be observed quickly which had previously been reported over extended incubation periods with untreated sulfur. Therefore, we demonstrate that this substrate utilization pattern is strongly dependent on the cell loading in relation to sulfur concentration, sulfur surface hydrophobicity, and the pH of the culture. Our dispersed sulfur formulation, lig‐sulfur, can be used to support the rapid antibiotic selection of plasmid‐transformed cells, which is not possible in liquid cultures where ferrous iron is the main source of energy for these acidophiles. Furthermore, we find that media containing lig‐sulfur supports higher production of green fluorescent protein compared to media containing ferrous iron. The use of dispersed sulfur is a valuable new tool for the development of engineered A. ferrooxidans strains and it provides a new method to control iron and sulfur oxidation behaviors.
Electrochemical tracing of hypoxia glycolysis by carbon nanotube sensors, a new hallmark for intraoperative detection of suspicious margins to breast neoplasia
Authors: Miripour Zohreh Sadat , Abbasvandi Fereshteh , Aghaee Parisa , NajafiKhoshnoo Sahar , Faramarzpour Mahsa , Mohaghegh Pooneh , Hoseinpour Parisa , Namdar Naser , Amiri Morteza Hassanpour , Ghafari Hadi , Zareie Sarah , Shojaeian Fatemeh , Sanati Hassan , Mapar Mahna , Sadeghian Nastaran , Akbari Mohammad Esmaeil , Khayamian Mohammad Ali , Abdolahad Mohammad 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFor most people, the first step in treatment is to take out the tumor (surgery), so precise and fast diagnosis of any sign of high‐risk and neoplastic cells, especially in surgical cavity margins, is significant. The frozen pathology method is the conventional standard of intraoperative diagnosis, but the low number of slides prepared from non‐fixed tissues prevents us from achieving a perfect diagnosis. Although many improvements in intraoperative margin detection were achieved, still real‐time detection of neoplastic lesions is crucial to improving diagnostic quality. Functionalized carbon nanotubes grown on the electrode needles lively and selectively determine the H2O2 released from cancer/atypical cells through reverse Warburg effect and hypoxia assisted glycolysis pathways in a quantitative electrochemical manner. The study was carried out on cell lines, 57 in vivo mice models with breast cancer, and 258 fresh in vitro samples of breast cancer tumors. A real‐time electrotechnical system, named cancer diagnostic probe (CDP) (US Patent Pub. No.: US 2018/02991 A1, US 2021/0007638 A1, and US 2021/0022650 A1 [publications], and US 10,786,188 B1 [granted]), has been developed to find pre‐neoplastic/neoplastic cells in vivo in a quantitative electrochemical manner by tracing hypoxia glycolysis byproducts. Matched pathological evaluations with response peaks of CDP were found based on the presence of neoplasia (from atypia to invasive carcinoma) in live breast tissues. The ability of CDP to find neoplastic lesions in mice models in vivo and fresh breast tumors in vitro was verified with sensitivity and specificity of 95% and 97%, respectively. The system may help a surgeon assistant system for usage in the operating room after passing many trials and standard examinations in the future.
Prognostic importance of IDH mutations in chondrosarcoma: An individual patient data meta‐analysis
Authors: Vuong Huy Gia , Ngo Tam N.M. , Dunn Ian F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionIDH1/2 mutations are prevalent in cartilaginous tumors including chondrosarcoma. This meta‐analysis using individual patient data (IPD) aimed to investigate the clinical and prognostic association of these mutations in chondrosarcoma patients.MethodsTwo electronic databases including PubMed and Web of Science were searched for relevant data. We included studies providing IPD of chondrosarcoma with available IDH1/2 mutational status for meta‐analysis. Chi‐square and t‐test were performed to compare the groups with and without IDH1/2 mutations. For survival analysis, log‐rank test, and Cox proportional hazards model were used to investigate the association of IDH mutations with patient outcomes.ResultsFourteen studies with 488 patients were analyzed. IDH1 and IDH2 mutations were detected in 38.7% and 12.1% of cases, respectively. IDH1/2 mutations were significantly associated with an older age (p = 0.003), tumor origins (p < 0.001), tumor grades (p < 0.001), larger diameter (p = 0.003), relapse (p = 0.014), and patient mortality (p = 0.04). Multivariate Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, gender, tumor grade, and tumor sites confirmed the negative impact of IDH1/2 mutations on patient overall survival (HR = 1.90; 95% CI = 1.06–3.42; p = 0.03).ConclusionOur meta‐analysis demonstrated the distinct characteristics of IDH1/2‐mutated chondrosarcomas in comparison to those without mutations. These mutations could serve as an independent prognostic biomarker to better prognosticate patient outcomes and design appropriate treatment plans.
Lumpectomy followed by radiation improves survival in HER2 positive and triple‐negative breast cancer with high tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes compared to mastectomy alone
Authors: Mouabbi Jason A. , Chand Momal , Asghar Ishaq A. , Sakhi Ramen , Ockner Daniel , Dul Carrie L. , Hadid Tarik , Aref Amr , Rimawi Mothaffar F. , Hoyos Valentina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe goal was to compare the 5‐year DFS and 5‐year OS in patients with early‐stage human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 breast cancer (HER2+ BC) and triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) in relation to the amount of stromal tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) after locoregional management by either mastectomy without radiation or lumpectomy and whole‐breast radiotherapy (RT).MethodsThis was a retrospective review of HER2+ BC and TNBC patients’ charts and histopathology slides with clinical stage of T1‐T2 N0 who presented at our facility between January 2009 and December 2019. Locoregional treatment included either mastectomy without RT (M) or lumpectomy with RT (L+R). TILs were assessed by three pathologists using the guidelines of the 2014 TILs working group. A competing risk model and Kaplan–Meier analysis were used to analyze correlations between TILs levels and clinical outcome.ResultsWe reviewed 211 patients’ charts. Of them, 190 proceeded to the final analysis. Patients were split into groups of "low TILs" and "high TILs" based on a 50% TILs cut‐off. Of them 26% had high TILs, 48% received RT, 97% received chemotherapy, all HER2+ BC patients received HER2‐directed therapy and all HER2+ BC that were also hormone receptor positive (HR+) received endocrine therapy (ET). In patient with low TILs, L+R did not improve outcomes compared to M. Moreover, patients with high TILs had a significant improvement of their DFS and OS with L+R when compared to M.ConclusionThe results of our study reflect that a selected group of HER2+ BC and TNBC with elevated TILs, L+R is associated with improvement of 5‐year DFS and 5‐year OS.
Comparative Studies of Yolkin Preparations Isolated from Egg Yolks of Selected Bird Species
Authors: Zabłocka Agnieszka , Bobak Łukasz , Macała Józefa , Rymaszewska Joanna , Kazana Wioletta , Zambrowicz Aleksandra 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe results of our research have proven that yolkin preparations isolated from eggs of different bird species show a high similarity in polypeptide composition. Despite the small differences in protein patterns, all of yolkin preparations showed also strong immunomodulatory activity, comparable with yolkin obtained previously from hen egg yolk. It can therefore be deducted that the presence of this polypeptide complex in the egg is not accidental and performs an important biological function for developing embryo.
Isolation and Characterization of Anti‐Inflammatory Sorbicillinoids from the Mangrove‐Derived Fungus Penicillium sp. DM815
Authors: Ding Wenjuan , Wang Fangfang , Li Qingwen , Xue Yaxin , Dong Zhitong , Tian Danmei , Chen Mei , Zhang Youwei , Hong Kui , Tang Jinshan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMarine derived fungus has gained increasing ground in the discovery of novel lead compounds with potent biological activities including anti‐inflammation. Here, we first report the characterization of one new sorbicillinoid (1) and fourteen known compounds (2–15) from the ethyl acetate (AcOEt) extract of a cultured mangrove derived fungus Penicillium sp. DM815 by UV, IR, HR ESI‐Q‐TOF MS, and NMR spectra. We then evaluated the anti‐inflammatory effects of eleven sorbicillinoids (1–11) using cultured macrophage RAW264.7 cells. The results show that compound 9, and to a lesser degree compound 5, significantly inhibited the Gram‐negative bacteria lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced upregulation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Consistently, compounds 5 and 9 significantly reduced the level of nitric oxide (NO), the product of iNOS, induced by LPS. We further show that these two compounds dose‐dependently inhibited LPS‐triggered iNOS expression and NO production, but had no effect on proliferation of RAW264.7 cells in the presence of LPS. In conclusion, our study identifies novel and known sorbicillinoids as potent anti‐inflammatory agents, holding the promise of developing novel anti‐inflammation treatment in the future.
Lignans from Lepidium meyenii and Their Anti‐Inflammatory Activities
Authors: Zou Yi‐Yan , Wang Dai‐Wei , Yan Yong‐Ming , Cheng Yong‐Xian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMeyeniines A–C (1–3), three new lignans, two known neolignans (4–5), and three known lignans (6–8) were isolated from the rhizomes of Lepidium meyenii. Their structures were identified by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and computational methods. Compound 1 represents a unique lignan featuring an aromatic ring migration. Compounds 2 and 4–6 were analyzed by chiral HPLC column as enantiomers. Biological evaluation revealed that compound 8 could inhibit IL‐6 production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced RAW264.7 cells in a dose‐dependent manner.
Biomass‐derived Carbon Quantum Dots – A Review. Part 1: Preparation and Characterization
Authors: Thangaraj Baskar , Solomon Pravin Raj , Chuangchote Surawut , Wongyao Nutthapon , Surareungchai Werasak 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe preparation of nanostructured carbon materials from chosen biomass through hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis processes by optimizing the reaction conditions is one of the bases for applying the product in certain of the development activities. The finished product more or less reflects the raw material and the way of preparation. Among the many products, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have gained importance due to their bolstered characteristics and facile preparation. CQDs are zero‐dimensional (0D) nanomaterials which attracted attention in the recent past due to their excellent water solubility, unique optical properties, good electrical conductivity, eco‐friendliness, and biocompatibility. Small‐sized CQDs offer high surface area per unit volume, strong tunable fluorescence, photo‐luminescent emissions, and semiconducting properties. In this paper, identification of ideal raw materials, process parameters being followed in the preparation of CQDs through hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis techniques, and the properties of the resultant CQDs commensurate with the nature of process are reviewed.
Effects of temperature and humidity on adhesion of water scale to glass substrates
Authors: Hayashi Shogo , Kobayashi Tomoki , Sakai Shota , Saito Noritaka , Nakashima Kunihiko 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe formation of silica scales from water on ceramics is a significant problem, and there is an urgent need to develop methods to prevent its formation or to remove it. In this study, we fabricated silica scales on glass substrates and investigated the effects of temperature and humidity during the drying process on the adhesion of the scales to the substrates. The scales were created from artificial water via a previously reported method, while focusing on the variations in the contact angle of water droplets on the substrates with changes in drying conditions. It was observed that the primary factors affecting the drying process are temperature and humidity. In addition, the drying rate of the droplets was in good agreement with the theoretically predicted value. Further, the scales were subjected to quantitative rubbing tests, and the scale removal rate was observed to be higher under humid conditions. The results obtained herein should aid efforts to develop methods for the easy removal of silica scales from substrates.
Seeding rate impact on root lodging and greensnap in corn
Authors: Lindsey Alexander J. , Geyer Allen B. , Minyo Rich , Thomison Peter R. 
Published: June 2021

Core Ideas
Increasing the seeding rate by 10,000 seeds acre–1 increased root lodging incidence by 14%.
Greensnap incidence did not change with an increased seeding rate.
Yield loss from root lodging was evident at seeding rates above 36,000 seeds acre–1.
Yield loss from greensnap was evident at 24,000 to 36,000 seeds acre–1.
Conventional cardiovascular risk factors associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: A comprehensive review
Authors: Liang Jing , Zhang Jingyi , Xu Yidan , Teng Catherine , Lu Xiaojia , Wang Yanxuan , Zuo Xinyu , Li Qiuyue , Huang Zirui , Ma Jianjun , Li Pengyang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTakotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM), characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction, was first reported in Japan in 1990. Current research suggests that TCM can be affected by conventional cardiovascular factors such as hypertension (HTN), diabetes, hyperlipidemia (HLD), and obesity. Despite the increasing interest in this disease, research on TCM remains limited. Conventional cardiovascular factors are clinically related to the outcome of TCM. We reviewed the publications published in PubMed database between January 01 2010 and January 15 2021, and summarized the most current available evidence on the correlation between TCM and the conventional cardiovascular factors. TCM patients are predominantly postmenopausal women. Men and young patients are less commonly seen, but are prone to acute adverse complications and poor prognosis. HTN is common in patients with recurrent TCM. Existing evidence suggests that obesity and chronic kidney disease are related to poor prognosis in TCM. HLD is reported to be associated with fewer complications, though current evidence is limited. Finally, the relationship between diabetes and TCM prognosis is ambivalent. Current evidence suggests conventional cardiovascular risk factors are associated with the outcome of TCM, especially with mortality and complications. More prospective studies are needed to clarify the relationship between each risk factor and the prognosis of TCM.