bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstates in complex and dynamical environments: Unraveling situational awareness in critical helicopter landing maneuvers
Authors: Deolindo Camila S. , Ribeiro Mauricio W. , de Aratanha Maria A. A. , Scarpari José R. S. , Forster Carlos H. Q. , da Silva Roberto G. A. , Machado Birajara S. , Amaro Junior Edson , König Thomas , Kozasa Elisa H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUnderstanding decision‐making in complex and dynamic environments is relevant for designing strategies targeting safety improvements and error rate reductions. However, studies evaluating brain dynamics in realistic situations are scarce in the literature. Given the evidence that specific microstates may be associated with perception and attention, in this work we explored for the first time the application of the microstate model in an ecological, dynamic and complex scenario. More specifically, we evaluated elite helicopter pilots during engine‐failure missions in the vicinity of the so called “dead man's curve,” which establishes the operational limits for a safe landing after the execution of a recovery maneuver (autorotation). Pilots from the Brazilian Air Force flew a AS‐350 helicopter in a certified aerodrome and physiological sensor data were synchronized with the aircraft's flight test instrumentation. We assessed these neural correlates during maneuver execution, by comparing their modulations and source reconstructed activity with baseline epochs before and after flights. We show that the topographies of our microstate templates with 4, 5, and 6 classes resemble the literature, and that a distinct modulation characterizes decision‐making intervals. Moreover, the source reconstruction result points to a differential activity in the medial prefrontal cortex, which is associated to emotional regulation circuits in the brain. Our results suggest that microstates are promising neural correlates to evaluate realistic situations, even in a challenging and intrinsically noisy environment. Furthermore, it strengthens their usage and expands their application for studying cognition under more realistic conditions.
Functional brain plasticity during L1 training on complex sentences: Changes in gamma‐band oscillatory activity
Authors: Wang Peng , Knösche Thomas R. , Chen Luyao , Brauer Jens , Friederici Angela D. , Maess Burkhard 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe adult human brain remains plastic even after puberty. However, whether first language (L1) training in adults can alter the language network is yet largely unknown. Thus, we conducted a longitudinal training experiment on syntactically complex German sentence comprehension. Sentence complexity was varied by the depth of the center embedded relative clauses (i.e., single or double embedded). Comprehension was tested after each sentence with a question on the thematic role assignment. Thirty adult, native German speakers were recruited for 4 days of training. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) data were recorded and subjected to spectral power analysis covering the classical frequency bands (i.e., theta, alpha, beta, low gamma, and gamma). Normalized spectral power, time‐locked to the final closure of the relative clause, was subjected to a two‐factor analysis (“sentence complexity” and “training days”). Results showed that for the more complex sentences, the interaction of sentence complexity and training days was observed in Brodmann area 44 (BA 44) as a decrease of gamma power with training. Moreover, in the gamma band (55–95 Hz) functional connectivity between BA 44 and other brain regions such as the inferior frontal sulcus and the inferior parietal cortex were correlated with behavioral performance increase due to training. These results show that even for native speakers, complex L1 sentence training improves language performance and alters neural activities of the left hemispheric language network. Training strengthens the use of the dorsal processing stream with working‐memory‐related brain regions for syntactically complex sentences, thereby demonstrating the brain's functional plasticity for L1 training.
Measuring pure health inequality and mobility during a health insurance expansion: Evidence from Mexico
Authors: Costa‐Font Joan , Cowell Frank A. , Saenz de Miera Belen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe association of insurance expansions and the distribution of health status is still a matter we know little about. This paper draws upon new measures of pure (univariate) inequality and mobility which accommodate categorical data to understand how an expansion of public insurance may be related to both health inequality and mobility. These measures require a definition of individual's status that is either “downward looking” or “upward looking”. Using data from the Mexican Family Life Survey, a nationally representative longitudinal survey, we find that the distribution of health has worsened in Mexico between 2002 and 2009, although the change is only consistent for an upward looking definition status. Together with the lack of mobility in self‐reported health, we can thus conclude that Mexico has become more rigid over time despite the rapid public health expansion that took place over the 2000s decade. While further research on the potential drivers of health inequalities is needed, our findings suggest that insurance coverage alone may be not enough to reduce health disparities and promote health mobility. Indeed, health inequality and mobility likely depend on a myriad of factors beyond health care.
Margin status, local control, and disease‐specific survival in surgically resected parotid carcinomas with parapharyngeal extension
Authors: Li Hao , McGill Marlena , Putri Natascha , Yuan Avery , Wong Richard J. , Patel Snehal G. , Ganly Ian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundResection of parotid carcinomas involving the parapharyngeal space is challenging. How this affects tumor margin control, recurrence, and survival is unclear.MethodsPatients who underwent resection of parotid carcinomas between 1985 and 2015 at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center were evaluated for the impact of parapharyngeal extension (PPE) on margin status, local recurrence‐free probability (LRFP), and disease‐specific survival (DSS).ResultsOut of 214 patients in whom preoperative imaging was available for review, 22 (10.3%) had PPE. Matched by histotypes, carcinomas with PPE had comparable margin positivity (p = 0.479), T classification (p = 0.316), pathologic risk (p = 0.936), and adjuvant therapy (p = 0.617) to those without PPE. The 3‐year LRFP was 88.9% versus 95.4% (hazard ratio [HR] 2.23 after adjusting for pT classification, p = 0.342) and the 5‐year DSS was 74.2% versus 69.5% (adjusted HR 0.45, p = 0.232) in patients with and without PPE.ConclusionPPE does not appear to worsen oncologic outcomes in the resection of parotid carcinomas.
Supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy for patients with laryngeal cicatricial stenosis: Safety and efficacy
Authors: Yu Lingyu , Zheng Meijun , Ren Jia , Hu Juanjuan , Lu Dan , Yang Hui 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe assessed the safety and efficacy of supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy (SCL‐CHEP) in patients with laryngeal cicatricial stenosis.MethodsSixteen patients receiving SCL‐CHEP for severe laryngeal cicatricial stenosis between 2017 and 2018 were reviewed. Decannulation rate and tracheostomy closure time were used to evaluate efficacy. The Voice Handicap Index‐10 (VHI‐10), Voice‐related Quality of Life (V‐RQOL) scale and Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, and Strain (GRBAS) scale were used to assess vocal function. Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) was performed and the Penetration‐Aspiration Scale (PAS), Eating Assessment Tool‐10 (EAT‐10), and Swallow Quality of Life Questionnaire (SWAL‐QOL) were used to assess swallowing function.ResultsThirteen patients (81.25%) were decannulated successfully. The average tracheostomy closure time was 45.15 days. There was no observed postoperative complications or recurrence of stenosis. VHI‐10 and V‐RQOL scores showed significantly improved V‐RQOL (p < 0.05). FEES‐PAS, EAT‐10, and SWAL‐QOL showed no swallowing function damage.ConclusionsSCL‐CHEP is effective and safe for patients with severe laryngeal cicatricial stenosis. Accurate pre‐procedure evaluation is especially important for patient selection and surgical success.
Postdiagnosis Aspirin Use Associated With Decreased Biliary Tract Cancer–Specific Mortality in a Large Nationwide Cohort
Authors: Liao Shu‐Fen , Koshiol Jill , Huang Yi‐Hsiang , Jackson Sarah S. , Huang Yu‐Han , Chan Chi , Huang Claire , Liu Po‐Chun , Chen Yen‐Ju , Hsieh Rebecca J. , Huang Ching‐Po , Lu Sheng‐Nan , Chen Chien‐Jen , Shen Chen‐Yang , Lee Mei‐Hsuan 
Published: May 2021

Background and Aims
Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is rare and has limited treatment options. We aimed to examine aspirin use on cancer‐specific survival in various BTC subtypes, including gallbladder cancer, ampulla of Vater cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma.

Approach and Results
Nationwide prospective cohort of newly diagnosed BTC between 2007 and 2015 were included and followed until December 31, 2017. Three nationwide databases, namely the Cancer Registration, National Health Insurance, and Death Certification System, were used for computerized data linkage. Aspirin use was defined as one or more prescriptions, and the maximum defined daily dose was used to evaluate the dose–response relationship. Cox’s proportional hazards models were applied for estimating HRs and 95% CIs. Analyses accounted for competing risk of cardiovascular deaths, and landmark analyses to avoid immortal time bias were performed. In total, 2,519 of patients with BTC were exposed to aspirin after their diagnosis (15.7%). After a mean follow‐up of 1.59 years, the 5‐year survival rate was 27.4%. The multivariate‐adjusted HR for postdiagnosis aspirin users, as compared with nonusers, was 0.55 (95% CI: 0.51 to 0.58) for BTC‐specific death. Adjusted HRs for BTC‐specific death were 0.53 (95% CI: 0.48 to 0.59) and 0.42 (95% CI: 0.31 to 0.58) for ≤ 1 and > 1 maximum defined daily dose, respectively, and showed a dose–response trend (P < 0.001; nonusers as a reference). Cancer‐specific mortality was lower with postdiagnosis aspirin use in patients with all major BTC subtypes.

Conclusions
The nationwide study revealed that postdiagnosis aspirin use was associated with improved BTC‐specific mortality of various subtypes. The findings suggest that additional randomized trials are required to investigate aspirin’s efficacy in BTC.
Object and object‐memory representations across the proximodistal axis of CA1
Authors: Vandrey Brianna , Duncan Stephen , Ainge James A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEpisodic memory requires information about objects to be integrated into a spatial framework. Place cells in the hippocampus encode spatial representations of objects that could be generated through signaling from the entorhinal cortex. Projections from lateral (LEC) and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) to the hippocampus terminate in distal and proximal CA1, respectively. We recorded place cells in distal and proximal CA1 as rats explored an environment that contained objects. Place cells in distal CA1 demonstrated higher measures of spatial tuning, stability, and closer proximity of place fields to objects. Furthermore, remapping to object displacement was modulated by place field proximity to objects in distal, but not proximal CA1. Finally, representations of previous object locations were closer to those locations in distal CA1 than proximal CA1. Our data suggest that in cue‐rich environments, LEC inputs to the hippocampus support spatial representations with higher spatial tuning, closer proximity to objects, and greater stability than those receiving inputs from MEC. This is consistent with functional segregation in the entorhinal–hippocampal circuits underlying object‐place memory.
Recent advancements in halide perovskite nanomaterials and their optoelectronic applications
Authors: VanOrman Zachary A. , Nienhaus Lea 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLead halide perovskite nanomaterials are among the forefront of developing materials for energy harvesting and light‐emitting applications. Their unique defect tolerance, high photoluminescent quantum yields, and vast synthetic tunability make them attractive for many optoelectronic applications. In this review article, the broad synthetic toolbox of these materials is discussed, including how synthetic conditions can tune the optical properties and dimensionality of the resulting perovskite nanomaterial. Additionally, we discuss the brief history, current state, and bright future of these materials, in tune with their optoelectronic applications, namely in light‐emitting diodes, lasing, photovoltaics, photon interconversion applications, and in photodetectors.image
Low‐dose photodynamic therapy effect on closure of scratch wounds of normal and diabetic fibroblast cells: An in vitro study
Authors: Khorsandi Khatereh , Fekrazad Reza , Hamblin Michael R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractChronic wounds such as diabetic ulcers are a serious public health problem. Extensive research is needed to find new alternatives for wound treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non‐invasive method, which has been studied for several decades to treat cancer, infections, and other diseases. PDT involves the administration of a photosensitizer compound followed by irradiation with using light at specific wavelength to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) using molecular oxygen. It is possible that low dose photodynamic therapy (LDPDT) could improve wound healing and stimulates the cell repair process. This study we explored the effect of LDPDT on wound healing in vitro using normal and diabetic cellular wound models. The effects of different concentrations of 5‐ALA and different energy densities (dark or light) on the cell viability of human fibroblast cells were studied using the MTT assay. After ascertaining the optimum parameters, a scratch wound assay was performed on both normal and diabetic cells and then cells treated with 1 and 5 μg/mL of 5‐ALA at 1 J/cm2 energy density. ROS production and morphological alteration of the cells were studied. The mortality of normal fibroblast cells increased with increasing 5‐ALA concentration and also increasing energy density (up to 3 J/cm2). However, in diabetic cells, the mortality rate did not decrease. Diabetic cells showed increased migration and closure of the scratch compared to normal cells under similar conditions. A low concentration of 5‐ALA (5 μg/mL) and low energy density of 1 J/cm2 in both normal and diabetic cells gave a small increase in ROS levels compared to controls. This may explain the positive effects of LDPDT on wound healing. The findings of this study suggest that LDPDT may have a potential effect on the wound healing of diabetic wounds.
Chronobiology and Chronotherapy of Osteoporosis
Authors: Winter Elizabeth M , Kooijman Sander , Appelman‐Dijkstra Natasha M , Meijer Onno C , Rensen Patrick CN , Schilperoort Maaike 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTPhysiological circadian (ie, 24‐hour) rhythms are critical for bone health. Animal studies have shown that genes involved in the intrinsic molecular clock demonstrate potent circadian expression patterns in bone and that genetic disruption of these clock genes results in a disturbed bone structure and quality. More importantly, circulating markers of bone remodeling show diurnal variation in mice as well as humans, and circadian disruption by, eg, working night shifts is associated with the bone remodeling disorder osteoporosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the current literature on rhythmic bone remodeling and its underlying mechanisms and identify critical knowledge gaps. In addition, we discuss novel (chrono)therapeutic strategies to reduce osteoporosis by utilizing our knowledge on circadian regulation of bone. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Super‐enhancer–associated long noncoding RNA RP11‐569A11.1 inhibited cell progression and metastasis by regulating IFIT2 in colorectal cancer
Authors: Chen Huanhuan , Zheng Junyu , Yan Linping , Zhou Xin , Jiang Pan , Yan Feng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have revealed that super‐enhancer–associated long noncoding RNAs (SE‐LncRNAs) act pivotal roles in carcinogenesis. This study aimed to report the identification of a novel SE‐LncRNA, RP11‐569A11.1, and its functional role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression.MethodsArraystar human SE‐LncRNA microarray was performed to detect differentially expressed SE‐LncRNAs in CRC tissues. RT‐qPCR was conducted to detect the expression level of RP11‐569A11.1 in CRC tissues and cells. The ROC curve was used to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of RP11‐569A11.1 in CRC diagnosis. CCK‐8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry assay, and transwell assay were used to study the function of RP11‐569A11.1. RNA‐seq array was performed to analyze the potential downstream target gene of RP11‐569A11.1. Western blot assay was conducted to measure the protein level of interferon‐induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeat 2 (IFIT2).ResultsA total of 23 (15 up‐ and 8 downregulated) significantly expressed SE‐LncRNAs were identified in CRC tissues. The top 8 upregulated SE‐LncRNAs were RP11‐893F2.9, PTCSC1, RP11‐803D5.4, AC005592.2, LINC00152, LINC01232, AC017002.1, and RP4‐673M15.1, and the top 8 downregulated SE‐LncRNAs were RP11‐569A11.1, RP11‐245G13.2, RP11‐556N21.1, U91328.19, AX748340, CTD‐2337J16.1, CATG00000108830.1, and RP11‐670E13.2. Of which, RP11‐569A11.1 was found to be significantly downregulated in CRC tissues and cells. ROC curve analysis showed the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.77 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.660–0.884, p < 0.001], and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 74.29% and 71.43%, respectively. Functionally, overexpression of RP11‐569A11.1 inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induced cell apoptosis, while knockdown of RP11‐569A11.1 generated an opposite effect. Mechanistically, RP11‐569A11.1 positively regulated IFIT2 expression in CRC cells.ConclusionRP11‐569A11.1 inhibited CRC tumorigenesis by IFIT2‐dependent and could serve as a promising diagnostic biomarker in CRC.
Feasibility of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID‐19 patients with persistent SARS‐CoV‐2 viremia
Authors: Camou Fabrice , Tinevez Claire , Beguet‐Yachine Mathilde , Bellecave Pantxika , Ratiarison Diana , Tumiotto Camille , Lafarge Xavier , Guisset Olivier , Mourissoux Gaëlle , Lafon Marie‐Edith , Bonnet Fabrice , Issa Nahéma 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma therapy (CPT) in COVID‐19 critically ill patients with protracted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) RNAemia. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in intensive care unit (ICU). All patients with severe COVID‐19 pneumonia for whom RNAemia remained positive more than 14 days after onset of the infection were included and given CPT. The primary objective was to evaluate SARS‐CoV‐2 RNAemia 7 days (D7) after CPT. A total of 14 patients were included and they received a median CPT volume of 828 ml (range: 817–960). CPT was administered in a median time of 14 days after ICU admission. At D7, 13/14 patients had negative SARS‐CoV‐2 blood PCR and one patient had negative blood PCR 11 days after CPT. At D7 and at D14, the clinical status was improved in 7/14 and 11/14 patients, respectively. The 28‐day mortality rate was 14%. No CPT‐related adverse effects had been reported. CPT is safe and may be efficient in patients with protracted RNAemia admitted in ICU for severe COVID‐19 pneumonia. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these results.
Influenza season 2020–2021 did not begin in Finland despite the looser social restrictions during the second wave of COVID‐19: A nationwide register study
Authors: Kuitunen Ilari 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe nationwide lockdowns ended influenza seasons rapidly in Northern Hemisphere in Spring 2020. The strategy during the second wave was to minimize the restrictions set for children. Children spread influenza and therefore simultaneous influenza and COVID‐19 surges were feared. The aim of this report is to analyze the epidemiology of influenza season 2020–2021 in Finland. Data for this retrospective register‐based study were gathered from the National Infectious Disease Register, all laboratory‐confirmed influenza cases from August 2017 to March 2021 were included. The positive influenza findings were stratified by age, and incidences per 100 000 persons were calculated. Only 41 influenza A and B cases have been reported in this season from August 2020 to March 2021, which adds up to an incidence of 0.9 per 100 000 person‐years. In the three preceding years, the numbers and corresponding incidences from August to March were 12 461 (282 per 100 000 person‐years) in 2019–2020, 15 276 (346 per 100 000 person‐years) in 2018–2019, and 33 659 (761 per 100 000 person‐years) in 2017–2018. Nonpharmaceutical interventions combined with the lockdown measures interrupted the influenza season in Finland in March 2020. Despite looser restrictions, alongside traveling restrictions and facial masks, failing to prevent the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus, these restrictions have proved to be effective against seasonal influenza.
Effect of the coronavirus pandemic on tumor markers
Authors: Purut Yunus Emre , Giray Burak , Gurbuz Esra 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe new type of coronavirus could cause severe acute respiratory syndrome and injuries in other systems as well. Multiple organ damage can occur rapidly in patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Previous studies have shown that many laboratory biomarkers were not within the normal ranges in COVID‐19 patients. We aimed to summarize laboratory parameters and the tumor markers in COVID‐19 patients. This is a retrospective cohort study conducted on 53 women between the ages of 19–85 years infected with COVID‐19 at a training and research hospital between May 2020 and August 2020. Of the 53 women, 16 (30.2%) had leukopenia. The mean C‐reactive protein level was 18.42 ± 59.33 mg/L. The mean procalcitonin level was 0.1 ± 0.21 µg/L. The liver function tests were within normal limits. The mean creatinine level was 0.58 ± 0.37 mg/dl. Elevated levels of α‐fetoprotein (AFP) in 1 patient, elevated levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in 2 patients, elevated levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA125) in 4 patients, elevated levels of CA19‐9 in 2 patients, and elevated levels of CA15‐3 in 2 patients were detected. One of 4 patients who were taken to the intensive care unit had elevated levels of AFP. In addition, 2 of 4 patients who were taken to the intensive care unit had elevated levels of CA125 and CA15‐3. Except for AFP, levels of all tumor markers of the patient who died were high. We found that COVID‐19 had no effect on tumor markers (CA125, CA19‐9, CA15‐3, AFP, and CEA).