bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-point immobilization of a conformation-specific beta2-adrenoceptor for recognizing the receptor agonists or antagonists inspired by binding-induced DNA assembly
Authors: Gao Juan , Yuan Xinyi , Zheng Xinxin , Zhao Xue , Wang Taotao , Liang Qi , Xiao Chaoni , Wang Jing , Li Qian , Zhao Xinfeng 
Published: October 2021

We realized the stable immobilization of a conformation-specific β2-AR via a His-tag and specific aptamer traps. The immobilized β2-AR was used to screen the lead compounds in a complex system that has agonistic activity to the receptor.
CeO2/CuO/3DOM SiO2 catalysts with very high efficiency and stability for CO oxidation
Authors: Miao Chao , Zhang Lingling , Xie Weimin , Liang Lixing , Chen Shumei , Zhang Yi , Ouyang Jing 
Published: October 2021

0.5CeO2/0.25CuO/3DOM SiO2 show very high CO oxidation activity up to 100% at 160 °C and excellent stability up to 12 h in the range 160 °C–240 °C, thanks to the increased active oxygen sites created by the synergistic effect between Cu2+ and Ce3+.
Hypoglykämie+Septum pellucidum-Agenesie = septo-optische Dysplasie!
Authors: Fröschle Glenn M.C. , Ebenebe Chinedu U. , Herrmann Jochen , Denecke Jonas , Singer Dominique , Dabek Martin 
Published: October 2021

FallpräsentationBeschrieben wird ein reifes männliches Neugeborenes nach 40+3 Gestationswochen mit einem Geburtsgewicht von 3288 g (19. Perz.), einer Länge 54 cm (71. Perz.) und einem Kopfumfang von 37cm (84. Perz.). Die 25-jährige Mutter war 1.-Gravida/1.-Para mit unauffälliger Schwangerschafts- und Familienanamnese. Die Geburt erfolgte durch sekundäre Sectio aus vollkommener Steißfußlage mit einfacher Nabelschnurumschlingung um den Hals. Postnatal zeigte sich eine respiratorische Anpassungsstörung mit initialem Ventilations- und anschließendem CPAP-Bedarf bis zur 10. Lebensminute. Der APGAR-Score betrug 05/07/09, der Nabelschnur-pH-Wert 7,30; weiterhin bestand eine grenzwertige Hypoglykämie von 44 mg/dl.
Evaluation von Charakteristika und Management von Influenzapatienten
in Bezug auf die STIKO Impfempfehlung während der Saison
2017/2018
Authors: Mutlak Haitham , Wicker Sabine , Behrend David , Rabenau Holger F. , Piekarski Florian , Zacharowski Kai , Raimann Florian Jürgen 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Saisonal erkranken eine Vielzahl von Patienten an einer
Influenza mit teilweise schweren Verläufen. Die Influenzasaison
2017/2018 war in Deutschland mit über 346 000
labordiagnostisch bestätigten Fälle durch eine hohe Fallzahl und
darüber hinaus auch durch eine hohe Hospitalisierungsrate mit zum Teil
schwersten klinischen Verläufen, insbesondere auch in der Gruppe der
Patienten<60 Jahren, gekennzeichnet.
Ziel der Arbeit Untersuchung der Hypothese, dass Patienten die nicht unter
die Impfempfehlungen der STIKO fallen in der Saison 2017/2018 besonders
schwere Verläufe bzw. eine Intensivbehandlungsinzidenz aufweisen sowie
ob sich hieraus eine Anpassung der Impfempfehlungen ableiten lässt.
Materialien und Methoden Alle laborchemisch bestätigten
Influenzapatienten am Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt wurden im Hinblick
auf den primären Endpunkte retrospektiv analysiert. Als
sekundäre Endpunkte wurden demographische Daten, Dauer des
Krankenhausaufenthaltes, Vorerkrankungen, Intensivtherapie und deren Dauer,
medikamentöse Therapie sowie Sterblichkeit definiert.
Ergebnisse 51 von 303 Patienten (16,8%) benötigten eine
intensivmedizinische Behandlung. Von diesen 51 gehörten 46 Patienten
(90,2%) zur Gruppe, die nach STIKO Empfehlung eine Indikation zur
Impfung aufwiesen, 5 Patienten (9,8%) gehörten nicht in diese
Gruppe (p=0,434). Von den 51 Intensivpatienten verstarben 16
(31,4%). Bei allen Verstorbenen bestand eine Impfempfehlung
(p=0,120).
Schlussfolgerungen Während der Influenzasaison 17/18
traten schwerere Verläufe bei Patienten mit und ohne Impfempfehlung
gemäß STIKO auf. Todesfälle waren nur in der Gruppe der
Patienten mit Empfehlung zu verzeichnen. Eine notwendige Anpassung der Vorgaben
der STIKO Empfehlungen lässt sich aus der vorliegenden Untersuchung
nicht ableiten.
The benefits of exposing post-secondary students to entrepreneurship training in Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Mack Abede Jawara , White Daniel , Senghor Osiris 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTechnical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) serves as a pillar for economic stability globally. Entrepreneurship education provides young people with essential skills that can be used in a positive manner, thus enabling them to be employers rather than employees. Marrying TVET and entrepreneurship education can help Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) in tremendous ways. These two subjects TVET and entrepreneurship can lift T&T to global prestige. Given this context, the study explored the benefits of exposing Post-Secondary TVET students to entrepreneurial training. An investigation was carried out using a mix-methods approach. The use of regression analysis and Spearman’s Correlation Analysis were used that determine the relationship between exposing Post-Secondary Technical Vocational Education and Training Students (PSTVETS) to entrepreneurship education and their interest in entrepreneurial training. Additionally, qualitative data was incorporated by utilising content analysis, focus groups and semi-structured interviews. The data revealed there was an absence of entrepreneurship education. Upon further investigation there was no real entrepreneurship culture or framework implemented within the PS schools. The results also showed the more students are exposed to entrepreneurship education more they are inclined to pursue entrepreneurship endeavours. Data also allowed the reader to grasped copious challenges experienced within TVET in T&T, that impacts on entrepreneurial training within post-secondary institutions in T&T. The researchers put forward an entrepreneurship education model that can be incorporated in the training of post-secondary schools. Additionally a strategy was articulated as to how entrepreneurship education can be adopted within the training of post-secondary institutions. Providing an adequate framework for entrepreneurial training within entrepreneurship education, and TVET provides originality and contribution to the field of TVET and entrepreneurship education.
Multiparameter persistent homology landscapes identify immune cell spatial patterns in tumors
Authors: Vipond Oliver , Bull Joshua A. , Macklin Philip S. , Tillmann Ulrike , Pugh Christopher W. , Byrne Helen M. , Harrington Heather A. 
Published: October 2021

Significance
Quantifying and comparing complex spatial biological datasets is crucial for medical applications and remains an active area of research. As datasets become more heterogeneous and complicated, so must the methods that are used to understand them. Multiparameter topology is built upon the assumption that the shape of data depends on multiple parameters, such as scale, outliers, or other parameters (e.g., cell density and oxygen levels in the case of tumors). A key difficulty encountered in multiparameter persistent homology (MPH) is interpreting and comparing data. The present work uses statistical MPH landscapes to overcome this difficulty and quantifies differences in synthetic data of immune cell infiltration as well as clinical tumor histology data of T cells, macrophages, and hypoxia.
Testing the storage of prosody-induced phonetic detail via auditory lexical decision
Authors: Lohmann Arne , Tucker Benjamin V. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article reports the results of an auditory lexical decision task, testing the processing of phonetic detail of English noun/verb conversion pairs. The article builds on recent findings showing that the frequent occurrence in certain prosodic environments may lead to the storage of prosody-induced phonetic detail as part of the lexical representation. To investigate this question with noun/verb conversion pairs, ambicategorical stimuli were used that exhibit systematic occurrence differences with regard to prosodic environment, as indicated by either a strong verb-bias, e.g., talk (N/V) or a strong noun-bias, e.g., voice (N/V). The auditory lexical decision task tests whether acoustic properties reflecting either the typical or the atypical prosodic environment impact the processing of recordings of the stimuli. In doing so assumptions about the storage of prosody-induced phonetic detail are tested that distinguish competing model architectures. The results are most straightforwardly accounted for within an abstractionist architecture, in which the acoustic signal is mapped onto a representation that is based on the canonical pronunciation of the word.
Contributions of declarative memory and prior knowledge to incidental L2 vocabulary learning
Authors: Murphy Josiah , Miller Ryan T. , Hamrick Phillip 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The bulk of second language (L2) vocabulary learning happens incidentally through reading (Rott, 2007; Webb, 2008), but individual differences, such as
prior knowledge, modulate the efficacy of such incidental learning. One individual difference that is strongly predicted to play a
role in L2 vocabulary is declarative memory ability; however, links between these two abilities have not been explored (Hamrick, Lum, & Ullman, 2018). This study considered declarative memory in conjunction with varying degrees of prior knowledge, since declarative memory may serve a compensatory function (Ullman & Pullman, 2015). L2 Spanish learners completed measures of prior Spanish
vocabulary knowledge, declarative memory ability, and incidental L2 vocabulary learning. The results suggest that better
declarative memory predicts better immediate learning in general and better vocabulary retention two days later, but only for
those with more prior knowledge, consistent with the Matthew Effect previously reported in the literature (Stanovich, 1986).
Phonetic reduction and paradigm uniformity effects in spontaneous speech
Authors: Engemann Marie , Plag Ingo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecent work on the acoustic properties of complex words has found that morphological information may influence the phonetic properties of words, e.g. acoustic duration. Paradigm uniformity has been proposed as one mechanism that may cause such effects. In a recent experimental studySeyfarth et al. (2017)found that the stems of English inflected words (e.g.frees) have a longer duration than the same string of segments in a homophonous mono-morphemic word (e.g.freeze), due to the co-activation of the longer articulatory gesture of the bare stem (e.g.free). However, not all effects predicted by paradigm uniformity were found in that study, and the role of frequency-related phonetic reduction remained inconclusive. The present paper tries to replicate the effect using conversational speech data from a different variety of English (i.e. New Zealand English), using the QuakeBox Corpus (Walsh et al. 2013). In the presence of word-form frequency as a predictor, stems of plurals were not found to be significantly longer than the corresponding strings of comparable non-complex words. The analysis revealed, however, a frequency-induced gradient paradigm uniformity effect: plural stems become shorter with increasing frequency of the bare stem.
On-site comparison of Quantum Hall Effect resistance standards of the NMC A*STAR and the BIPM: Ongoing key comparison BIPM.EM-K12
Authors: Gournay Pierre , Rolland Benjamin , Chua Sze Wey , Lim Kuang Hoong , Tan Boon Teck Eddie 
Published: October 2021

Main text
The ongoing on-site comparison BIPM.EM-K12 is part of the BIPM programme implemented to verify the international coherence of the primary resistance standards. It allows National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) to validate their implementations of the Quantum Hall Effect (QHE) for dc resistance traceability by comparison to the reference maintained at the BIPM.
The realization of the ohm from the QHE-based standard of the NMIs at 100 Ω is compared with that realized by the BIPM from its own transportable quantum Hall resistance standard. This comparison is usually completed by scaling measurements from 100 Ω to 1 Ω and 10 kΩ through the measurement of the resistance ratios 100 Ω/1 Ω and 10 kΩ/100 Ω, respectively.
In March 2019, a new BIPM.EM-K12 on-site comparison was carried out at the National Metrology Centre, NMC A*STAR (Singapore). It was the first time the NMC A*STAR participated in this comparison programme.
Only the measurement results of the 100 Ω based on the quantum Hall effect and of the 10 kΩ/100 Ω ratio are presented in the report. The reason why the results of the 100 Ω/1 Ω ratio were not included is explained in the introduction of the report.
Measurements of the 100 Ω transfer standard in terms of the SI value of the von Klitzing constant, R
K, agreed to 1.6 parts in 109 with a relative combined standard uncertainty u
c = 3.3 × 10−9. Measurements of 10 kΩ/100 Ω ratio agreed to 2.0 parts in 109 with u
c = 2.8 × 10−9.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Power enhancement of MEMS vibrational electrostatic energy harvester by stray capacitance reduction
Authors: Honma Hiroaki , Tohyama Yukiya , Mitsuya Hiroyuki , Hashiguchi Gen , Fujita Hiroyuki , Toshiyoshi Hiroshi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We report a design method to enhance the output power of vibrational microelectromechanical system (MEMS) electrostatic energy harvesters by reducing the reactive power that does not contribute to the net output. The mechanism of enhancing the active current while reducing the reactive current is analytically studied using an equivalent circuit model of electret-based velocity-damped resonant-generator. Reduction of the internal parasitic capacitance associated to the contact pads and electrical interconnections significantly improves the power factor and increases the deliverable power. The design strategy is applied to an actual device that produces 1.3 mW from the vibrations of 0.65 G (1 G = 9.8 m s−2) at 158 Hz, suggesting a 2.9-fold enhancement of output power by increasing the buried oxide layer thickness from 1 µm to 3 µm.
Scaling violation in interaction of cosmic ray hadrons and the nature of the 3 PeV knee in the spectrum of primary cosmic rays
Authors: Shaulov S B , Vil’danova L I , Kupriyanova E A , Ryabov V A , Shepetov A L 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Energy spectra of the most energetic hadrons in the core region of extensive air showers (EASs) were studied in dependence on the EAS energy E
0 in the hybrid experiment HADRON at the Tien Shan mountain cosmic ray station. For the first time by direct measurement it was found in this experiment that the slope of the power energy spectrum of EAS hadrons diminishes itself locally, and the average hadron energy, correspondingly, increases between the E
0 borders 3 PeV and 20 PeV. Such behavior agrees with threshold appearance in EAS, in the same energy range, of a long-flying penetrative component which was earlier revealed at the Tien Shan station. Now we reconsider this Tien Shan result in comparison with the new data of modern collider experiments. The analysis permits to state unambiguously an astrophysical nature of the penetrative EAS component, and to discuss its probable connection with the origin of the famous knee in the energy spectrum of cosmic rays at E
0 ≃ 3 PeV.
An enhanced flexoelectric dielectric elastomer actuator with stretchable electret
Authors: Zhang Shuwen , Shao Shubao , Yang Xuxu , Chen Peijian , Ji Hui , Liu Kaiyuan , Wu Tonghui , Shen Shengping , Xu Minglong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Actuation has been applied with dielectric elastomers (DE) in soft robotics and bio-mimic devices due to their ultra-large deformation range, easy patterning, light weight, and they are highly expected for high electro-mechanical efficiency and low stimulating power. Flexoelectricity describes the strain gradient-induced electric polarization, which is strongly related to geometry and deformation ranges. The electro-mechanical coupling effect with flexoelectricity in elastomeric materials are then highly expected. In this work, elastic modulus gradient of a DE actuator is designed for bending motion by flexoelectricity, and electric charge is inserted and immobilized inside the material to further enhance the electro-mechanical capability. Elastic modulus gradient is designed, and electric charges are immobilized to enlarge the electro-mechanical coupling efficiencies of this flexoelectric actuator. The bending angle of the actuator is inversely proportional to the cube of general thickness of actuator, and the immobilized electric charge extensively enlarged the actuation capability. With elastic modulus gradient and electret, the actuating bending angle is enlarged with low stimulating voltage. This work provides an enhanced flexoelectric actuating method with material and mechanical design, and highlights low-voltage actuating approach with piezoelectric-like effect of stretchable electrets.
Monetite addition into gelatin based freeze-dried scaffolds for improved mechanical and osteogenic properties
Authors: Singh Yogendra Pratap , Dasgupta Sudip , Bhaskar Rakesh , Agrawal Ashish Kumar 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study was aimed at fabricating monetite nanoparticles impregnated gelatin-based composite scaffold to improve the chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. Scaffolds were fabricated using a freeze-drying technique of the slurry containing a varying proportion of gelatin and monetite. The lyophilized scaffolds were cross-linked with 0.25 wt% glutaraldehyde solution to obtain a three-dimensional (3D) interconnected porous microstructure with improved mechanical strength and stability in a physiological environment. The fabricated scaffolds possessed >80% porosity having 3D interconnected pore size distribution varying between 65 and 270 μm as evident from field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis. The average pore size of the prepared scaffold decreased with monetite addition as reflected in values of 210 μm for pure gelatin GM0scaffold and 118 μm registered by GM20scaffold. On increase in monetite content up to 20 wt% of total polymer concentration, compressive strength of the prepared scaffolds was increased from 0.92 MPa in pure gelatin-based GM0to 2.43 MPa in GM20. Up to 20 wt% of monetite reinforced composite scaffolds exhibited higher bioactivity as compared to that observed in pure gelatin-based GM0scaffold. Simulated body fluid (SBF) study and alizarin red assays confirmed higher bio-mineralization ability of GM20as compared to that exhibited by GM0. Human preosteoblast cells (MG-63) revealed higher degree of filopodia and lamellipodia extensions and excellent spreading behavior to anchor with GM20matrix as compared to that onto GM0and GM10. MTT assay and alkaline phosphatase staining study indicated that MG-63 cells found a more conducive environment to proliferate and subsequently differentiate into osteoblast lineage when exposed to GM20scaffolds rather than to GM0and GM10. This study revealed that up to 20 wt% monetite addition in gelatin could improve the performance of prepared scaffolds and serve as an efficient candidate to repair and regenerate bone tissues at musculoskeletal defect sites.
Optimality-based modelling of climate impacts on global potential wheat yield
Authors: Qiao Shengchao , Wang Han , Prentice I Colin , Harrison Sandy P 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEvaluation of potential crop yields is important for global food security assessment because it represents the biophysical ‘ceiling’ determined by variety, climate and ambient CO2. Statistical approaches have limitations when assessing future potential yields, while large differences between results obtained using process-based models reflect uncertainties in model parameterisations. Here we simulate the potential yield of wheat across the present-day wheat-growing areas, using a new global model that couples a parameter-sparse, optimality-based representation of gross primary production (GPP) to empirical functions relating GPP, biomass production and yield. The model reconciles the transparency and parsimony of statistical models with a mechanistic grounding in the standard model of C3photosynthesis, and seamlessly integrates photosynthetic acclimation and CO2fertilization effects. The model accurately predicted the CO2response observed in FACE experiments, and captured the magnitude and spatial pattern of EARTHSTAT ‘attainable yield’ data in 2000 CE better than process-based models in ISIMIP. Global simulations of potential yield during 1981–2016 were analysed in parallel with global historical data on actual yield, in order to test the hypothesis that environmental effects on modelled potential yields would also be shown in observed actual yields. Higher temperatures are thereby shown to have negatively affected (potential and actual) yields over much of the world. Greater solar radiation is associated with higher yields in humid regions, but lower yields in semi-arid regions. Greater precipitation is associated with higher yields in semi-arid regions. The effect of rising CO2is reflected in increasing actual yield, but trends in actual yield are stronger than the CO2effect in many regions, presumably because they also include effects of crop breeding and improved management. We present this hybrid modelling approach as a useful addition to the toolkit for assessing global environmental change impacts on the growth and yield of arable crops.
Canonical representation of three-qubit states with real amplitudes
Authors: Perdomo Oscar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Let us say that a three-qubit state u
000|000⟩ + u
001|001⟩ + ⋯ + u
111|111⟩ is real if all its amplitudes u
rst are real numbers. We will prove that for every real three-qubit state |ϕ⟩, there exist three angles θ
0, θ
1 and θ
2 such that R

y
(θ
2) ⊗ R

y
(θ
1) ⊗ R

y
(θ
0)|ϕ⟩ is a three-qubit of the form λ
1|000⟩ + λ
2|011⟩ + λ
3|101⟩ + λ
4|110⟩ + λ
5|111⟩ with the λ

i
real numbers. In contrast with the general case, the case of three-qubits with complex amplitudes, we proved that for three qubit states, the dimension of the real entanglement space (the space obtained by identifying real qubit states with local orthogonal gates, instead of local unitary gates) is 4 and in this paper we find four linearly independent polynomial invariants of degree 4 which are not possible to find for the different Schmidt representations of three qubit states. See (Acín et al 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett.
85 1560; Acín et al 2001 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen.
34 6725; Carteret et al 2000 J. Math. Phys.
41 7932; Sudbery 2001 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen.
34 643).
Mirror-enhanced directional out-coupling of SERS by remote excitation of a nanowire-nanoparticle cavity
Authors: Tiwari Sunny , Vasista Adarsh B , Paul Diptabrata , Kumar G V Pavan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We report on the experimental observation of mirror-enhanced directional surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from a self-assembled monolayer of molecules coupled to a nanowire-nanoparticle (NW-NP) junction on a mirror in a remote excitation configuration. Placing the NW-NP junction on a metallic mirror generates multiple gap plasmon modes that have unique momentum space-scattering signatures. We perform Fourier plane imaging of the SERS from the NW-NP on a mirror to understand the effect of multiple hotspots on molecular emission. We systematically study the effect of the ground plane on the directionality of emission from the NW-NP junction and show that the presence of a mirror drastically reduces the angular spread of emission. The effect of multiple hotspots in the geometry on the directionality of the molecular emission is studied using 3D numerical simulations. The results presented here will have implications in understanding plasmon hybridization in the momentum space and its effects on molecular emission.