bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
4–6 metų vaikų motorinių gebėjimų ir kognityvinių funkcijų sąsaja su kūdikystės bendrosios motorikos ropojimo funkcija
Authors: Urvikytė Silvija , Dudonienė Vilma 
Published: August 2021

Tyrimo pagrindimas. Ropojimo raidos etapas kūdikystėje palengvina kūno padėties suvokimo vystymąsi, o vėliau ir motorinių įgūdžių vystymąsi, taip pat lavina atmintį, pagerina kognityvinę bei socialinę raidą (Xiong ir kt., 2018).
Tikslas – nustatyti vaikų motorinių gebėjimų ir kognityvinių funkcijų sąsajas su bendrosios motorikos ropojimo funkcija.
Metodai. 22 sveiki tiriamieji (4–6 metų amžiaus) pagal tėvų pateiktos apklausos atsakymus, suskirstyti į dvi grupes: nepraleidusius ir praleidusius ropojimo raidos etapą kūdikystėje. Visiems tiriamiesiems buvo vertintas funkcinis liemens stabilumas, pusiausvyra, koordinacija (šokinėjimas įvairiomis kryptimis, kamuolio gaudymas ir kamuolio spyrimas) bei kognityvinės funkcijos.
Rezultatai. 85 proc. ropojusių vaikų turėjo funkciškai nestabilų liemenį, neropojusiųjų grupėje – 78 proc., skirtumas statistiškai reikšmingas. Kūdikystėje ropojimo nepraleidę vaikai pusiausvyrą bandė išlaikyti vidutiniškai tris kartus, ropojimą praleidę – 10 kartų (p < 0,05). Vertindami koordinacinių gebėjimų užduočių atlikimą, nustatėme, kad tiek kūdikystėje ropojusių, tiek neropojusių vaikų šokinėjimo įvairiomis kryptimis ir kamuolio metimo koordinacija vertinama gerai, tačiau kamuolio spyrimo – patenkinamai. Ropojusių (89 proc.) ir neropojusių (78 proc.) vaikų dėmesio pastovumas vertinamas, atitinkamai – labai geras ir geras. Kūdikystėje nepraleidusių ropojimo vaikų raidos etapo grupėje, kamuolio gaudymas buvo tiesiogiai ir vidutiniškai stipriai susijęs su kamuolio spyrimo užduotimi (r = 0,556; p = 0,048).
Išvados. Tiriamieji, kurie kūdikystėje praleido ropojimo raidos etapą, atsistojo anksčiau. Vaikai, nepraleidę ropojimo raidos etapo kūdikystėje, pasižymėjo geresne pusiausvyra, tačiau koordinaciniai gebėjimai, funkcinis liemens stabilumas bei gebėjimas koncentruoti dėmesį nesiskyrė nuo vaikų, kurie kūdikystėje praleido ropojimo funkciją
Raktažodžiai: vaikų motoriniai gebėjimai, kognityvinės funkcijos, ropojimas.
Determination of body fat percentage by bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
Authors: Nikitinskaya O. A. , Toroptsova N. V. 
Published: August 2021

Obesity is a risk factor for many chronic diseases. Several research methods are used to determine the amount of body fat, including the «gold standard» dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method is an alternative for assessing body composition that does not require special conditions for placement and examination, but the accuracy of its results depends on the hydration of the body.Objective. To compare the results of determining the percentage of body fat using multi-frequency (MF) BIA and DXA.Material and methods. The study included 20 volunteers (11 women and 9 men) aged 26 to 70 years without serious metabolic, cardiovascular or endocrine diseases. Two repeated measurements were performed using the MF-BIA method on the MS FIT device and the DXA method on the Lunar Prodigy Advance device.Results. There were no significant differences in the average percentage of body fat in repeated measurements by MF-BIA and DXA methods, and the intra-group correlation coefficients (r2 ) were 0.999 and 0.997, respectively. A high and significant correlation in percentage of body fat was found between the MF-BIA and DXA (r = 0.973, p < 0.001). The average difference between the results of these two methods was 0.1243%. Differences in percentage of body fat that exceeded two or more standard deviations were detected less than in 5% cases, so the data on body fat content estimated using DXA and BIA are consistent and can be considered almost equal.Conclusion. Our study has shown that the MS FIT body composition device using the MF-BIA method can be an alternative to DXA for assessing the percentage of body fat without introducing additional formulas to recalculate the data obtained.
Possibilities of personalized approach to genetically engineered biological therapy of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Shilova L. N. , Spitsina S. S. 
Published: August 2021

Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common rheumatic disease characterized by damage to the synovium, progressive destruction of cartilage and bone tissue. As a result of the establishment of the biological role of cytokines, it became possible to intervene in the main links of the pathogenesis of the disease, which led to inhibition of the main pathological process in RA – autoimmune inflammation.The aim. To consider the possibilities of optimizing the biological therapy of rheumatoid arthritis by identifying predictors of anti-inflammatory efficacy among clinical and laboratory markers.Basic provisions. Despite the success of genetically engineered biological drugs in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis, due to the lack of predictive biomarkers, the use of a trial and error approach, empirical therapy, is inevitable, which does not always lead to satisfactory results. The study of the main biomarkers of RA provides new insights into their potential association with various clinical phenotypes.Conclusion. This patient-centered approach offers the prospect of improving treatment outcomes through the use of specific drugs in certain patient groups.
Therapeutic Applications of Metal and Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles: Dermato-Cosmetic Perspectives
Authors: Pan Sharadwata , Goudoulas Thomas B. , Jeevanandam Jaison , Tan Kei Xian , Chowdhury Shamik , Danquah Michael K. 
Published: August 2021

Invention of novel nanomaterials guaranteeing enhanced biomedical performance in diagnostics and therapeutics, is a perpetual initiative. In this regard, the upsurge and widespread usage of nanoparticles is a ubiquitous phenomenon, focusing predominantly on the application of submicroscopic (&lt; 100 nm) particles. While this is facilitated attributing to their wide range of benefits, a major challenge is to create and maintain a balance, by alleviating the associated toxicity levels. In this minireview, we collate and discuss particularly recent advancements in therapeutic applications of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in skin and cosmetic applications. On the one hand, we outline the dermatological intrusions, including applications in wound healing. On the other hand, we keep track of the recent trends in the development of cosmeceuticals via nanoparticle engrossments. The dermato-cosmetic applications of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles encompass diverse aspects, including targeted, controlled drug release, and conferring ultraviolet and antimicrobial protections to the skin. Additionally, we deliberate on the critical aspects in comprehending the advantage of rheological assessments, while characterizing the nanoparticulate systems. As an illustration, we single out psoriasis, to capture and comment on the nanodermatology-based curative standpoints. Finally, we lay a broad outlook and examine the imminent prospects.
The Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Artery Disease in Non-obese Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cohort Study
Authors: Dai Wen , Zhang Ziyu , Zhao Shuiping 
Published: August 2021

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is not uncommon in non-obese subjects, referred to as non-obese NAFLD. It is not fully determined whether non-obese NAFLD is associated with increased risks of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary artery disease (CAD) in Chinese. This study aimed to examine the association between NAFLD and risks of T2D and CAD in a non-obese Chinese population.Methods: The present cohort study included two stages. In the first cross-sectional study, 16,093 non-obese subjects with a body max index (BMI) &lt; 25.0 kg/m2 were enrolled from The Second Xiangya Hospital, China, from 2011 to 2014. Hepatic steatosis was evaluated by ultrasonography examination. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association of non-obese NAFLD with T2D and CAD at baseline. In the subsequent 5-year follow-up study, 12,649 subjects free of T2D and CAD at baseline were included, and the incidence of T2D and CAD were observed. Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to determine the risk of incident T2D and CAD with NAFLD.Results: At baseline, the prevalence of NAFLD, T2D and CAD were 10.7% (1,717/16,093), 3.3% (529/16,093) and 0.7% (113/16,093), respectively. The univariate logistic regression analyses showed NAFLD associated with both T2D and CAD. Moreover, in a multivariate logistic regression model, NAFLD remained independently associated with T2D (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 2.2–3.3, p &lt; 0.001). However, no significant association was found between NAFLD and CAD by the multivariate logistic regression analyses (OR: 1.1, 95% CI: 0.6–1.8, p = 0.854). During a 5-year follow-up period, 177 (1.4%) patients developed T2D, and 134 (1.1%) developed CAD, respectively. In univariate Cox regression models, NAFLD associated with both T2D and CAD. Moreover, the multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that NAFLD independently associated with an increased risk of T2D (HR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.7–3.2, p &lt; 0.001). However, the association between NAFLD and incident CAD was lost in the multivariate Cox regression analysis (HR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0–2.4, p = 0.059).Conclusions: NAFLD was an independent risk factor for T2D in non-obese subjects. However, no significant association was observed between non-obese NAFLD and incident CAD after adjusting other traditional cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting these factors might mediate the increased incidence of CAD in non-obese NAFLD patients.
Use of My Health Record by Clinicians in the Emergency Department: An Analysis of Log Data
Authors: Mullins Alexandra K. , Morris Heather , Enticott Joanne , Ben-Meir Michael , Rankin David , Mantripragada Kumar , Skouteris Helen 
Published: August 2021

Objectives: Leverage log data to explore access to My Health Record (MHR), the national electronic health record of Australia, by clinicians in the emergency department.Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using secondary routinely-collected data. Log data pertaining to all patients who presented to the emergency department between 2019 and 2021 of a not-for-profit hospital (that annually observes 23,000 emergency department presentations) were included in this research. Attendance data and human resources data were linked with MHR log data. The primary outcome was a dichotomous variable that indicated whether the MHR of a patient was accessed. Logistic regression facilitated the exploration of factors (user role, day of the week, and month) associated with access.Results: My Health Record was accessed by a pharmacist, doctor, or nurse in 19.60% (n = 9,262) of all emergency department presentations. Access was dominated by pharmacists (18.31%, n = 8,656). All users demonstrated a small, yet significant, increase in access every month (odds ratio = 1.07, 95% Confidence interval: 1.06–1.07, p ≤ 0.001).Discussion: Doctors, pharmacists, and nurses are increasingly accessing MHR. Based on this research, substantially more pharmacists appear to be accessing MHR, compared to other user groups. However, only one in every five patients who present to the emergency department have their MHR accessed, thereby indicating a need to accelerate and encourage the adoption and access of MHR by clinicians.
Feasibility Study of an Earthquake Early Warning System in Eastern Central Italy
Authors: Ladina Chiara , Marzorati Simone , Amato Alessandro , Cattaneo Marco 
Published: August 2021

An earthquake early warning system (EEWS) is a monitoring infrastructure that allows alerting strategic points (targets) before the arrival of strong shaking waves during an earthquake. In a region like Central Italy, struck by recent and historical destructive earthquakes, the assessment of implementation of an EEWS is a significant challenge due to the proximity of seismic sources to many potential targets, such as historical towns, industrial plants, and hospitals. In order to understand the feasibility of an EEWS in such an area, we developed an original method of event declaration simulation (EDS), a tool for assessing the effectiveness of an EEWS for existing seismic networks, improving them with new stations, and designing new networks for EEW applications. Values of the time first alert (TFA), blind zone radius (BZ), and lead time (LT) have been estimated with respect to selected targets for different network configurations in the study region. Starting from virtual sources homogeneously arranged on regular mesh grids, the alert response was evaluated for actual and improved seismic networks operating in the area, taking into account the effects of the transmission and acquisition systems. In the procedure, the arrival times of the P wave picks, the association binder, the transmission latencies, and the computation times were used to simulate the configuration of PRESTo EEWS, simulating both real-time and playback elaborations of real earthquakes. The NLLOC software was used to estimate P and S arrival times, with a local velocity model also implemented in the PRESTo EEWS. Our results show that, although Italy’s main seismic sources are located close to urban areas, the lead times calculated with the EDS procedure, applied to actual and to improved seismic networks, encourage the implementation of EEWS in the study area. Considering actual delays due to data transmission and computation time, lead times of 5–10 s were obtained simulating real historical events striking some important targets of the region. We conclude that EEWSs are useful tools that can contribute to protecting people from the harmful effects of earthquakes in Italy.
Genetic Prioritization, Therapeutic Repositioning and Cross-Disease Comparisons Reveal Inflammatory Targets Tractable for Kidney Stone Disease
Authors: Fang Hai , Jiang Lulu 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundFormation of kidney stones resulting in urological disorders remains a major cause of morbidity in renal diseases and many others. Innate immunity, mainly inflammasome, has demonstrated a key role in the development of kidney stone disease (or “nephrolithiasis”), but a molecular rationale for therapeutic intervention targeting immunity is far from clear. We reason that identifying inflammatory gene networks underlying disease risk would inform immunotherapeutic targets for candidate drug discovery.ResultsWe generated an atlas of genetic target prioritization, with the top targets highly enriched for genes involved in the NF-kB regulation, including interaction neighbors of inflammasome genes. We identified a network of highly ranked and interconnecting genes that are of functional relevance to nephrolithiasis and mediate crosstalk between inflammatory pathways. Crosstalk genes can be utilized for therapeutic repositioning, as highlighted by identification of ulixertinib and losmapimod that are both under clinical investigation as inhibitors of inflammatory mediators. Finally, we performed cross-disease comparisons and druggable pocket predictions, identifying inflammatory targets that are specific to and tractable for nephrolithiasis.ConclusionGenetic targets and candidate drugs, in silico identified in this study, provide the rich information of how to target innate immune pathways, with the potential of advancing immunotherapeutic strategies for nephrolithiasis.
The Weekend Drug; Recreational Use of Sildenafil Citrate and Concomitant Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Atsbeha Berhanemeskel Weldegerima , Kebede Beza Tefera , Birhanu Biruktawit Shewafera , Yimenu Dawit Kumilachew , Belay Wudneh Simegn , Demeke Chilot Abiyu 
Published: August 2021

Background: Men who use erectile dysfunction medications for recreational purposes may be at increased risk of becoming psychologically dependent, which in turn could lead to psychogenic-based erectile dysfunction symptoms. Sildenafil has become one of the most commonly prescribed and abused drugs available today.Objectives: This study aimed to describe the utilization pattern and associated factors of sildenafil citrate among its users visiting community pharmacies in Gondar, Ethiopia.Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 20, 2017 to May 10, 2017, among male clients who visited community pharmacies in Gondar town, North West Ethiopia. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used to collect data from Sildenafil users older than 18 years, that started using the drug (Sildenafil) for at least 6 months before the data collection period. A regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between study variables, and a P-value of &lt;0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance.Results: A total of 65 men participated in the study. Of the total study participants, 33.8% were aged 25–34 years and about 40% of them had multiple sexual partners. The use of sildenafil for recreational purposes was 66.2% and was found to be higher than its use for medical purposes 33.8%. Use of the drug for &lt;1-year duration (AOR = 34.086, 95% CI [2.90, 401.37]) and 2 years duration (AOR = 21.42: 95% CI [2.10, 218.82]) were significantly associated with its use for recreational purpose. Non-recreational use of sildenafil includes erectile problems associated with diabetes mellitus (27.1%), heart disease (9.2%), hyperlipidemia (4.2%), and relationship problems due to stress and poor communication (3.1%).Conclusion: Most men who use sildenafil citrate do so for recreational purposes, and use of sildenafil citrate for 2 years or less was associated with recreational use. There should be a collaborative effort among pharmacists, health professionals, and policymakers to improve the rational use of sildenafil.
Severe SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Reinfection With Delta Variant After Recovery From Breakthrough Infection by Alpha Variant in a Fully Vaccinated Health Worker
Authors: Shastri Jayanthi , Parikh Swapneil , Aggarwal Veena , Agrawal Sachee , Chatterjee Nirjhar , Shah Rajit , Devi Priti , Mehta Priyanka , Pandey Rajesh 
Published: August 2021

Background: Post infection immunity and post vaccination immunity both confer protection against COVID-19. However, there have been many whole genome sequencing proven reinfections and breakthrough infections. Both are most often mild and caused by Variants of Concern (VOC).Methods: The patient in our study underwent serial COVID-19 RT-PCR, blood tests for serology, acute phase reactants, and chest imaging as part of clinical care. We interviewed the patient for clinical history and retrieved reports and case papers. We retrieved stored RT-PCR positive samples for whole genome sequencing (WGS) of SARS-CoV-2 from the patient's breakthrough infections and the presumed index case.Findings: The patient had three RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections. Two breakthrough infections occurred in quick succession with the first over 3 weeks after complete vaccination with COVISHIELD and despite post-vaccination seroconversion. The first breakthrough infection was due to the Alpha variant and the second due to the Delta variant. The Delta variant infection resulted in hypoxia, hospitalization, and illness lasting seven weeks. Serial serology, acute phase reactants, and chest imaging supported WGS in establishing distinct episodes of infection. WGS established a fully vaccinated family member as the index case.Interpretation: The patient had an Alpha variant breakthrough infection despite past infection, complete vaccination, and seroconversion. Despite boosting after this infection, the patient subsequently had a severe Delta variant breakthrough infection. This was also a WGS proven reinfection and, therefore, a case of breakthrough reinfection. The patient acquired the infection from a fully vaccinated family member.
Prospective Memory and Regional Functional Connectivity in Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Disease
Authors: Zhuang Xuan-Miao , Kuo Li-Wei , Lin Shih-Yen , Yang Jir-Jei , Tu Min-Chien , Hsu Yen-Hsuan 
Published: August 2021

Objectives: Patients with subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD) often have prominent frontal dysfunction. However, it remains unclear how SIVD affects prospective memory (PM), which strongly relies on the frontoparietal network. The present study aimed to investigate PM performance in patients with early stage SIVD as compared to those with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to older adults with normal cognition, and to explore the neural correlates of PM deficits.Method: Patients with very-mild to mild dementia due to SIVD or AD and normal controls (NC) aged above 60 years were recruited. Seventy-three participants (20 SIVD, 22 AD, and 31 NC) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cognitive screening tests, and a computerized PM test. Sixty-five of these participants (19 SIVD, 20 AD, and 26 NC) also received resting-state functional MRI.Results: The group with SIVD had significantly fewer PM hits than the control group on both time-based and non-focal event-based PM tasks. Among patients in the very early stage, only those with SIVD but not AD performed significantly worse than the controls. Correlational analyses showed that non-focal event-based PM in SIVD was positively correlated with regional homogeneity in bilateral superior and middle frontal gyri, while time-based PM was not significantly associated with regional homogeneity in any of the regions of interest within the dorsal frontoparietal regions.Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the vulnerability of non-focal event-based PM to the disruption of regional functional connectivity in bilateral superior and middle frontal gyri in patients with SIVD.