bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saying no (to a story): personal identity and negativity
Authors: Matějčková Tereza 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe concept of narrativity and narrative identity has two birth certificates: it is linked to the phenomenological tradition—beginning with Arendt’s “political phenomenology” —andto the tradition of German Idealism gradually slipping into existentialism. In this article, the author focuses on the latter tradition that helped to pave the way of the concept of narrative self. Key among the thinkers of Classical German Idealism has been Hegel, often consideredthephilosophical storyteller. Yet the author argues that Hegel’s concept of narrativity isnotexclusively applied to the self and has hardly any role in the constitution of consciousness. This is the reason why Hegel (rather than thinkers who place the core of personal identity into narrativity) has the means to formulate a more convincing concept of the self and personal identity. The author does not deny that narrativity is seminal, both for leading a life as a human being and as a concrete person; however, originally consciousness and self-hood are born out of negativity. One enacts one’s selfhood, once one realizes that one has to interrupt narrativity, step in, refuse to live by it, or just ordinarily rephrase it consciously and by this appropriate it.
The nascent ecology of social enterprise
Authors: Haugh Helen , Robson Paul , Hagedoorn John , Sugar Kate 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEmploying population ecology theory, we examine social enterprise population emergence in the UK after 2005 when a new organizational form for social enterprise was established. Our density dependence analysis of nearly seven thousand community interest companies finds that survival is positively influenced by age and population densities of both other social enterprises and commercial organizations. Two specific patterns in population emergence are identified: social enterprise survival is more likely influenced by industry than age, a finding that we label the liability of specificity, and their survival benefits from the population density of commercial organizations but not non-profit organizations, a finding that we label the hybrid-commercial benefit. Our research identifies the liability of specificity as a new concept in population ecology theory and the hybrid-commercial benefit as a contextual influence on social enterprise survival.
New trajectories or accelerating change? Zooarchaeological evidence for Roman transformation of animal husbandry in Northern Italy
Authors: Trentacoste Angela , Nieto-Espinet Ariadna , Guimarães Silvia , Wilkens Barbara , Petrucci Gabriella , Valenzuela-Lamas Silvia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThroughout the Western provinces of the Roman Empire, greater economic and political connectivity had a major impact on agricultural production, which grew in scale and specialisation after integration with the Roman state. However, uniquely in Western Europe, farming strategies in Italy began to evolve centuries before the Roman conquest, and many ‘Roman’ patterns associated with livestock size and the relative proportions of different taxa first emerged during the early and middle centuries of the first millennium BC. These changes imply a significant reorganisation of production strategies well before Roman hegemony, even in relatively marginal areas of Italy. Zooarchaeological studies have documented further significant changes to livestock production in Roman times, but the relationship between these developments and earlier trends remains unclear. Through analysis of zooarchaeological data for species representation and livestock biometry from lowland northern Italy (Po–Friulian Plain), this study investigates animal exploitation between the Bronze Age and Late Antiquity in order to characterise the influence of Roman political and economic organisation on animal husbandry. Results demonstrated subregional variation in species representation, and different trajectories in the biometric evolution of cattle, sheep and goats, compared to pigs. Initial steps established in the Iron Age towards a more complex and dynamic livestock economy were accelerated and further reconfigured in Roman times, facilitated by Roman economic organisation and the specialised and large-scale production systems within it. Zooarchaeological trends continued to progress over the Roman period, until further changes at the very end of the chronology considered here—around the sixth century AD—suggest another wave of change.
Para-organic intensification of future farming as alternative concept to reactor-based staple food production in Africa
Authors: Neuhoff Daniel , Kwesiga Julius 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCurrently, staple food self-sufficiency in Africa is just above 80%, and the population is expected to more than double until 2050. To cope with this challenge, technological solutions such as reactor food seem seductive. Western pilot projects have shown considerable production potentials, e.g., 7 t ha−1 of starch within 150 days by algae in reactors that may also be used in Africa. Are these approaches suitable for Africa justifying extensive research activities? Here, we argue that both physical availability of substrates and missing profitability substantially limit the development of reactor food in SSA, also in a mid-term perspective. It is rather suggested to close the considerable existing yield gaps by implementing para-organic farming systems, which combine basic principles of organic farming such as crop diversification, legume growing, and manuring, with a reasonable use of inputs, in particular mineral fertilizers. In combination with irrigation, staple food production in SSA has the potential to keep pace with growing demand.
From the laboratory to the end-user: a primary packaging study for microneedle patches containing amoxicillin sodium
Authors: McAlister Emma , Kearney Mary-Carmel , Martin E. Linzi , Donnelly Ryan F. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
As microneedle (MN) patches progress towards commercialisation, there is a need to address issues surrounding their translation from the laboratory to the end-user. One important aspect of MN patches moving forward is appropriate primary packaging. This research focuses on MN patches containing amoxicillin (AMX) sodium for the potential treatment of neonatal sepsis in hot and humid countries. A MN patch consists of a hydrogel-forming MN array and a drug-containing reservoir. Improper primary packaging in hot and humid countries may result in degradation of active pharmaceutical ingredients, with the use of substandard medicines a major health concern. The research presented here, for the first time, seeks to investigate the integrity of MN patches in different primary packaging when stored under accelerated storage conditions, according to international guidelines. At pre-defined intervals, the performance of the MN patch was investigated. Major causes of drug instability are moisture and temperature. To avoid unnecessary degradation, suitable primary packaging was sought. After 168 days, the percentage of AMX sodium recovered from drug-containing reservoirs packaged in Protect™ 470 foil was 103.51 ± 7.03%. However, packaged in poly(ester) foil, the AMX sodium content decreased significantly (p = 0.0286), which is likely due to the degradation of AMX sodium by the imbibed moisture. Therefore, convincing evidence was provided as to the importance of investigating the stability of MN patches in primary packaging intended for MN-mediated transdermal delivery so that they are ‘fit for purpose’ when it reaches the end-user. Future work will include qualitative studies to assess MN patch usability.

Graphical abstract
alpha-2-Macroglobulin, a Native and Powerful Proteinase Inhibitor, Prevents Cartilage Degeneration Disease by Inhibiting Majority of Catabolic Enzymes and Cytokines
Authors: Zhu Mengbo , Zhao Bin , Wei Lei , Wang Shaowei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review aims at outlining alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) injection, a novel non-operation strategy which could delay the process of osteoarthritis (OA). Meanwhile, some burning issues concerning “experimental” and “applied” are also indicated in this review.

Recent Findings
Many researchers have found that the alpha-2-macroglobulin, a sort of broad-spectrum proteinase inhibitor, presents remarkable inhibitive effect on intra-articular inflammation. Additionally, results of animal experiments prove that the A2M can postpone cartilage degeneration. Some treatments, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), which have been applied clinically for many years proved not to be as effective; thus, the advantage of A2M is presented.

Summary
A2M promises to be a new strategy of non-operative treatment of OA for its excellent anti-inflammation effect and biosafety. Better improved pharmaceutical preparations and treatment strategies shall be developed with the in-depth research.
Inklusive Praktiken im Mathematikunterricht. Empirische Analysen von Unterrichtsdiskursen in Einführungsphasen
Authors: Häsel-Weide Uta , Nührenbörger Marcus 
Published: January 2021

ZusammenfassungIm inklusiven Mathematikunterricht werden soziale und fachliche Teilhabemöglichkeiten der Lernenden durch Praktiken des Umgangs mit dem Lerngegenstand geprägt. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern sich diese in einführenden Unterrichtsgesprächen in der inklusiven Grundschule zeigen. Hierzu wurden 22 Klassengespräche aus kooperativ von Praxis und Forschung geplanten Unterrichtsstunden im Hinblick auf die rekonstruierbaren Praktiken untersucht. Es zeigt sich, dass der fachliche Zugang zum Gemeinsamen Gegenstand durch Praktiken der differenzierten Repräsentation und Präsentation des Gegenstands sowie der vielschichtigen Moderation derselben geprägt sind.
Sedimentology, depositional environment and classification of Karkheh River’s Delta, West of Khuzestan Plain (SW of Iran)
Authors: Abyat Ahmad , Azhdari Ali , Feghhi Amir , Judaki Mohammd 
Published: January 2021

AbstractKarkheh river’s Delta is located in the west of Khuzestan Plain and can be divided into two smaller deltas; northern delta named as Karkheh Delta (including Bostan, Sableh and Neisan Deltas) and southern delta named as Karkheh -e- Noor Delta. Based on Galloway7 classification, Karkheh Delta is river-dominated type (type 1). Considering activity, this delta is divided to two parts; an active part in north and an inactive part in south. Based on Orton and Reading 16 classification, Karkheh Delta is placed in fine-grained (muddy) delta category due to prevailing silt and clay. In terms of sediment transportation and deposition process, this delta is a constructive delta. To recognize changes of Karkheh Delta’s area, Landsat images 5, 7 and 8 were studied and compared using 13 satellite images from 1973 to 2016 which shows an increase in the delta’s area particularly in northern part. In order to study sedimentology of this delta, 25 samples were taken. Sediment sizing analysis results show that silt is the most abundant sediment on average in this delta whereas clay, sand and gravel are in next abundance. Due to Shepard 17 classification, in Karkheh delta, silty clay, clay silt, silt, sandy silt and clay-silt-sand were identified. Also, channel, flood plain, crevasse, levee and sabkha depositional environments could be recognized in this delta.
Investigation of the diapirism effect on increasing salinity and solubility of water resources: a case study in eastern Tehran Province
Authors: Ebadati Naser 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe water potential in east of Tehran plain is different due to a variety of evaporative formations and the effects of fault structures and diapirism. In this study, the relationship between features of water sources, especially salinity with geologic settings and a structural property, is investigated. A field investigation was performed after determining the study range in the Eyvanekey area to identify the geological formations and distribution there along with the faults and salt domes locations using geological maps. Afterwards, by identifying the wells’ location and by using the decomposition results of water samples of the area, the concentration contour maps of chloride, sulphate, and sodium, among others, were plotted. The faults’ performance and the plotted maps’ interpretation showed that the highest salinity concentration lied in the eastern and southern parts of the plain; their change trend occurred in highlands towards central and western parts of the study range, which is consistent with the main river path. Considering the qualitative results of the water, the eastern and southern parts of the plain are typically of sodium chloride nature, while the water of the area is classified as non-potable in terms of potation and harmful saline with regard to agricultural use. The study findings showed that the high evaporative mass erosion rate, and gypsum and saline sediment transport have developed saline fields in the plain. On the other hand, disorganized exploitation of water sources has considerably reduced the water quality and increased the salinity in the area.
Synthesis and electrochemical study of phosphorus-doped porous carbon for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Rawal Sangeeta , Kumar Yogesh , Mandal U. K. , Kumar Ashwani , Tanwar Ruchika , Joshi Bhawana 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn the present investigation, we report the incorporation of phosphorous (P) atoms in the activated carbon and study its effect on the electrochemical performance. Porous carbon is synthesized by the chemical activation method from a bioresource and then pretreated with nitric acid. Phosphorus atoms were doped by the simple chemical method. The obtained phosphorous-doped nano-materials show an appreciable change of porosity and creation of a more wide range of meso- and macropores, and this affects their adsorption and electrochemical performance. The electrochemical study shows that doped carbon obtained at 850 °C (ACtP-850) delivers the maximum specific capacitance (328 Fg−1) in neutral aqueous electrolyte (1 M Na2SO4). The doped carbon material not only exhibits good cycling performance but also the highest specific energy of 29 Wh kg−1 corresponding to a specific power of 646 W kg−1. The improved capacitive performance of phosphorous-doped porous carbon material proposes its use in energy storage applications.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Simulation Study of Dynamic Characteristics of Hot Pepper Harvester
Authors: Kang Seokho , Kim Junhee , Kim Yeongsu , Ha Yushin , Woo Seungmin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Determining the safety conditions of a hot pepper harvester to mechanize harvesting.

Methods
The dynamic characteristics of a hot pepper harvester were analyzed with the dynamic simulation program RecurDyn.

Results
The pepper harvester can climb a maximal slope of 25° under full loading conditions; the maximal allowable height of an obstacle over which the harvester can drive is 450 mm; the minimal rotation radius during a spin turn is 870 mm.

Conclusions
Considering its dynamic characteristics, the harvester can be applied on over 95% of domestic upland fields. The safety accident rate can be decreased with the use of the spin turn method. In conclusion, the dynamic characteristics are sufficiently safe for the domestic upland fields.
Reforecast of the November 1994 flood in Piedmont using ERA5 and COSMO model: an operational point of view
Authors: Garbero Valeria , Milelli Massimo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe scope of this work is to assess the progresses made in the warning alert system of Piedmont since the 1994 flood. We used the COSMO model at high horizontal resolution forced by ERA5 re-forecast to simulate the November 1994 event, performing also a simple sensitivity test regarding the parameterization of convection. We compared the results with the original forecast and with the available observations, in order to understand how the emission of the alert would have been affected using the current operational system.
How populists securitize elections to win them: the 2015 double elections in Turkey
Authors: Şahin Osman 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study presents a new theoretical framework for understanding one of the ways in which populists generate support in elections. It argues that populist movements securitize elections by triggering perceptions of ontological insecurity among voters. Through this strategy, populist movements amplify voters’ negative image of the country they live in and the challenges they face, which contributes to populist movements’ electoral success. Building upon this theoretical framework, this study offers an explanation for the 2015 double general elections in Turkey. The Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, AKP) experienced disappointment after losing its parliamentary majority in the June 2015 elections. However, the AKP increased its votes by 8.6 percent in the November 2015 elections. Between these two elections, the AKP had used the Kurdish question to trigger perceptions of ontological insecurity, which enabled it to securitize the elections in November. This strategy helped the AKP win the November elections.
Influence of Mantle Dynamic Topographical Variations on US Mid‐Atlantic Continental Margin Estimates of Sea‐Level Change
Authors: Schmelz William J. , Miller Kenneth G. , Kopp Robert E. , Mountain Gregory S. , Browning James V. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSpatial analysis of discrepancies in sea‐level estimates derived from “backstripping” Mid‐Atlantic margin cores reveals a coherent signal that can be fit with a 103 km wavelength, 45 m amplitude sinusoid that moved across the margin at a rate and direction of motion generally opposite to that of the North American Plate. This signal we observe suggests topographical uplift occurred over much of the Mid‐Atlantic region since 35 Ma and may be superimposed upon a longer‐wavelength signal of Cenozoic subsidence associated with the subducted Farallon plate passing beneath the Mid‐Atlantic margin. Our statistical modeling of Mid‐Atlantic margin strata suggests that: (a) Cenozoic subsidence is likely to have occurred, but is very unlikely to have exceeded 100 m in magnitude; and (b) variations in ocean basin volume are likely to have contributed to 39 ± 24 m (1σ) of global‐mean geocentric sea‐level fall over the past 55 million years.
Permeability of Uniformly Graded 3D Printed Granular Media
Authors: Wei Deheng , Wang Zhongzheng , Pereira Jean‐Michel , Gan Yixiang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe present work explores water permeability of uniformly graded irregular grains using 3D printing with controlled shapes and fractal morphological features at low Reynold's number for viscous flow. From large amount of real 3D granular morphological data, a scaling law, in terms of fractal dimension, is found to be followed. With this universal law, sand grains with controlled fractal morphological features are generated using Spherical Harmonics, and then created using 3D printing technique for water permeability tests. A modified Kozeny‐Carman equation is proposed through more accurate determination of specific area, as a function of relative roughness and fractal dimension, than approximation using the volume‐equivalent sphere. By isolating the contributions from specific area, the shape coefficient is found to be insensitive to particle morphology. Through benchmarking the model prediction against experiments from both this work and past literature, we demonstrate the validity and wide applicability of the modified Kozeny‐Carman equation.
Landslide Geometry Reveals its Trigger
Authors: Rana Kamal , Ozturk Ugur , Malik Nishant 
Published: January 2021

AbstractElectronic databases of landslides seldom include the triggering mechanisms, rendering these inventories unusable for landslide hazard modeling. We present a method for classifying the triggering mechanisms of landslides in existing inventories, thus, allowing these inventories to aid in landslide hazard modeling corresponding to the correct event chain. Our method uses various geometric characteristics of landslides as the feature space for the machine‐learning classifier random forest, resulting in accurate and robust classifications of landslide triggers. We applied the method to six landslide inventories spread over the Japanese archipelago in several different tests and training configurations to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. We achieved mean accuracy ranging from 67% to 92%. We also provide an illustrative example of a real‐world usage scenario for our method using an additional inventory with unknown ground truth. Furthermore, our feature importance analysis indicates that landslides having identical trigger mechanisms exhibit similar geometric properties.
Global Distribution of Reversed Energy Spectra of Ring Current Protons Based on Van Allen Probes Observations
Authors: Yi Juan , Fu Song , Ni Binbin , Gu Xudong , Hua Man , Xiang Zheng , Cao Xing , Shi Run , Zhao Yiwen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEnergy spectra of ring current protons are crucial to understanding the ring current dynamics. Based on high‐quality Van Allen Probes RBSPICE measurements, we investigate the global distribution of the reversed proton energy spectra using the 2013–2019 RBSPICE data sets. The reversed proton energy spectra are characterized by the distinct flux minima around 50–100 keV and flux maxima around 200–400 keV. Our results show that the reversed proton energy spectrum is prevalent inside the plasmasphere, with the occurrence rates >90% at L ∼ 2–4 during geomagnetically quiet periods. Its occurrence also manifests a significant decrease trend with increasing L‐shell and enhanced geomagnetic activity. It is indicated that the substorm‐associated and/or convection processes are likely to lead to the disappearances of the reversed spectra. These results provide important clues for exploring the underlying physical mechanisms responsible for the formation and evolution of reversed proton energy spectra.
Multipoint Observations of Quasiperiodic Emission Intensification and Effects on Energetic Electron Precipitation
Authors: Li Jinxing , Bortnik Jacob , Ma Qianli , Li Wen , Shen Xiaochen , Nishimura Yukitoshi , An Xin , Thaller Scott , Breneman Aaron , Wygant John , Kurth William S. , Hospodarsky George B. , Hartley David P. , Reeves Geoffrey D. , Funsten Herbert O. , Blake J. Bernard , Spence Harlan , Baker Daniel N. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe two Van Allen Probes simultaneously recorded a coherently modulated quasiperiodic (QP) emission that persisted for 3 h. The magnetic field pulsation at the locations of the two satellites showed a substantial difference, and their frequencies were close to but did not exactly match the repetition frequency of QP emissions for most of the time, suggesting that those coherent QP emissions probably originated from a common source, which then propagated over a broad area in the magnetosphere. The QP emissions were amplified by local anisotropic electron distributions, and their large‐scale amplitudes were modulated by the plasma density. A novel observation of this event is that chorus waves at frequencies above QP emissions exhibit a strong correlation with QP emissions. Those chorus waves intensified when the QP emissions reach their peak frequency. This indicates that embryonic QP emissions may be critical for its own intensification as well as chorus waves under certain circumstances. A Low‐Earth‐Orbit POES satellite observed enhanced energetic electron precipitation in conjunction with the Van Allen Probes, providing direct evidence that QP emissions precipitate energetic electrons into the atmosphere. This scenario is quantitatively confirmed by our quasilinear diffusion simulation results.