bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of dual antiplatelet therapy after coronary stenting in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Kao Chih-Chin , Wu Mai-Szu , Chuang Ming-Tsang , Lin Yi-Cheng , Huang Chun-Yao , Chang Wei-Chiao , Chen Chih-Wei , Chang Tzu-Hao 
Published: August 2021

Background
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is currently the standard treatment for the prevention of ischemic events after stent implantation. However, the optimal DAPT duration remains elusive for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, we aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety between long-term and short-term DAPT after coronary stenting in patients with CKD.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study analyze data from the Taipei Medical University (TMU) Institutional and Clinical Database, which include anonymized electronic health data of 3 million patients that visited TMU Hospital, Wan Fang Hospital, and Shuang Ho Hospital. We enrolled patients with CKD after coronary stenting between 2008 and 2019. The patients were divided into the long-term (>6 months) and short-term DAPT group (≤ 6 months). The primary end point was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) from 6 months after the index date. The secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality and Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) bleeding.

Results
A total of 1899 patients were enrolled; of them, 1112 and 787 were assigned to the long-term and short-term DAPT groups, respectively. Long-term DAPT was associated with similar risk of MACE (HR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.65–1.70, P = 0.83) compare with short-term DAPT. Different CKD risk did not modify the risk of MACE. There was also no significant difference in all-cause mortality (HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.75–1.61, P = 0.63) and TIMI bleeding (HR 1.19, 95% CI: 0.86–1.63, P = 0.30) between groups.

Conclusions
Among patients with CKD and coronary stenting, we found that long-term and short-term DAPT tied on the risk of MACE, all-cause mortality and TIMI bleeding.
Structural and quantitative alterations of gut microbiota in experimental small bowel obstruction
Authors: Mo Jiali , Gao Lei , Zhang Nan , Xie Jiliang , Li Donghua , Shan Tao , Fan Liuyang 
Published: August 2021

Objective
To investigate structural and quantitative alterations of gut microbiota in an experimental model of small bowel obstruction.

Method
A rat model of small bowel obstruction was established by using a polyvinyl chloride ring surgically placed surrounding the terminal ileum. The alterations of gut microbiota were studied after intestinal obstruction. Intraluminal fecal samples proximal to the obstruction were collected at different time points (24, 48 and 72 hours after obstruction) and analyzed by 16s rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology and quantitative PCR (qPCR) for target bacterial groups. Furthermore, intestinal claudin-1 mRNA expression was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, and serum sIgA, IFABP and TFF3 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results
Small bowel obstruction led to significant bacterial overgrowth and profound alterations in gut microbiota composition and diversity. At the phylum level, the 16S rDNA sequences showed a marked decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and increased abundance of Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Bacteroidetes. The qPCR analysis showed the absolute quantity of total bacteria increased significantly within 24 hours but did not change distinctly from 24 to 72 hours. Further indicators of intestinal mucosa damage and were observed as claudin-1 gene expression, sIgA and TFF3 levels decreased and IFABP level increased with prolonged obstruction.

Conclusion
Small bowel obstruction can cause significant structural and quantitative alterations of gut microbiota and induce disruption of gut mucosa barrier.
Using the REA Data Model in Order to Reduce Design Complexity in an Inventory Management Relational Database, and the Need for a Relational Database Complexity Metric.
Authors: Adamson Ian 
Published: August 2021

With the extensive use of relational databases in the business environment there is a need to reduce database complexity in order to avoid data inconsistency and redundancy, which can provide a company with unreliable and/or meaningless data and information.
The use of the REA Data Model in database design can significantly help with this problem. The model can eliminate the need for unnecessary data artifacts which should only be generated by the system when needed.
This paper also addresses the need for a Relational Database Complexity Metric. A simple and easy to understand metric is presented.
Do Siblings Reduce Children’s Dietary Quality in China?
Authors: Feng Qundi , He Qinying 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, we examine the effect of the number of siblings on dietary quality with a sample of 2–12-year-old children in China. We use instrumental variables to address the potential endogeneity of the number of siblings. We show that the effect of the number of siblings on children’s dietary quality is significantly negative. Child dietary diversity score will decrease by 0.274 with one more siblings. In terms of children’s nutrition, the intake of fat and protein also significantly decrease. A robustness check using the fixed effects models also validates our findings that child quantity–quality trade-off is apparent in Chinese families.
Anodic protection of 316L stainless steel piping in sulfuric acid service: failure causes and remedial actions
Authors: Bazgir Maryam , Rahmani Khosrow 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Anodic protection (AP) is one of the corrosion control methods that has been widely used in the manufacture, storage, and transport of sulfuric acid. The present paper gives a brief review of the history, some applications, and a case study of failure causes and remedial actions of AP in a sulfuric manufacturing plant. The AP system consists of a direct current source, cathodes, reference electrodes, and signal conditioning electronics. In a sulfuric manufacturing plant, for AP of 316L piping (as an anode), platinized titanium (Pt/Ti) and Hastelloy B-2 were used as reference and cathode electrodes, respectively. After seven years of operation of the AP system in the sulfuric acid plant, a section of the protected pipelines has severely corroded. The study of the system showed that the reference electrodes, which were titanium-electroplated with platinum, lost their stability in the acid with the loss of coating and caused overprotection. However, the system could not control the pipe’s potential in the AP situation. In this condition, accelerated corrosion of the cathodes and pipes has also occurred.
Potential applications of biogenic selenium nanoparticles in alleviating biotic and abiotic stresses in plants: A comprehensive insight on the mechanistic approach and future perspectives
Authors: Zohra Efat , Ikram Muhammad , Omar Ahmad A. , Hussain Mujahid , Satti Seema Hassan , Raja Naveed Iqbal , Mashwani Zia-Ur-Rehman , Ehsan Maria 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the present era, due to the increasing incidence of environmental stresses worldwide, the developmental growth and production of agriculture crops may be restrained. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have precedence over other nanoparticles because of the significant role of selenium in activating the defense system of plants. In addition to beneficial microorganisms, the use of biogenic SeNPs is known as an environmentally friendly and ecologically biocompatible approach to enhance crop production by alleviating biotic and abiotic stresses. This review provides the latest development in the green synthesis of SeNPs by using the results of plant secondary metabolites in the biogenesis of nanoparticles of different shapes and sizes with unique morphologies. Unfortunately, green synthesized SeNPs failed to achieve significant attention in the agriculture sector. However, research studies were performed to explore the application potential of plant-based SeNPs in alleviating drought, salinity, heavy metal, heat stresses, and bacterial and fungal diseases in plants. This review also explains the mechanistic actions that the biogenic SeNPs acquire to alleviate biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. In this review article, the future research that needs to use plant-mediated SeNPs under the conditions of abiotic and biotic stresses are also highlighted.
Dual model representation of solar photovoltaic cell
Authors: Das Sriparna , Namrata Kumari , Ray Papia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The sustainable development of the country is dependent on the utilization of power production from renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro, etc. Due to availability of solar energy in most of the places, the focus of using solar energy by implementation of solar PV cells, arrays, panels are the primary strategy. Thus, the designing of solar PV cell is necessary. There are certain topologies i.e. single diode and double diode representation for solar PV cell. But designing these models individually takes utilization of time and resources when implemented in real life scenario. When coming to the performance analysis of these models individually, it is observed that the power production is not in the maximum capability throughout the year. The performance in some months is good for single diode topology whereas in other months double diode topology shows good result. So, a new model is proposed with better performance, combining these two models that will solve the above disadvantages. Further, both the time and price of production goes down as we don’t have to create both the models separately. The entire analysis is studied for an entire year for the place of New Delhi. The comparison is also done taking into consideration of two practically existing solar cells: JAP6-72- 320/4BB and Solarex: MSX60 allowing each model to work as single and double diode representation. As the production capacity of these design is not to its highest extent so, more number of cells are attached in series or parallel fashion to meet the load demand. The proposed design solves this problem and having an error within the limit of 0.31–0.41%. The mathematical modelling is shown followed by designing the model in Simulink and thereafter comparative analysis stating all the disadvantages is analyzed, followed by the solution with the best topology for power production from solar cell. This sequential designing will give clear understanding of the proposed technology.
Aromatase deficiency in an Ontario Old Order Mennonite family
Authors: Kim Sun Young , Colaiacovo Samantha , Dave Sumit , Coughlin Kevin , Langdon Kristen , Stein Robert , Saleh Maha 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Aromatase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease that results in the absence of aromatase. In females it presents with ambiguous genitalia and lack of secondary sexual characteristics during puberty. Aromatase deficiency is not attributed to any specific population, but it is more commonly seen in consanguineous parents. Herein, we report the first Old Order Mennonite family with that diagnosis.

Case presentation
Our proband is an Old Order Mennonite female born with ambiguous genitalia who was identified to carry novel homozygous variant in the CYP19A1 gene c.1304G>A (p. Arg435His). Her older brother was later confirmed with the same genetic diagnosis.

Conclusions
Recognizing the cultural sensitivity, unrecognized affected cases, and late presentation of males affected with aromatase deficiency, this condition may be more prevalent than believed in that population.
External fixation via the anterior inferior iliac spine for proximal femoral fractures in young patients
Authors: Yang Qing , Chen Nong , Fu Wenqin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background and aim
Acute treatment of young patients with proximal femoral fracture (PFF) remains a challenge for trauma surgeons due to major fracture displacement and heavy pain in clinical practice. Traditional methods have a variety of intrinsic defaults and cannot successfully manage the requirements of young patients. Benefiting from our anatomic research, we explored a new method of external fixation for this specific trauma and evaluated its feasibility and clinical outcomes.

Material and methods
Twenty-three young multiple-trauma patients with PFF were included in this study. Surgical treatment was applied using an external fixator via the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS). Electronic patient records, surgical characteristics, clinical outcomes, and complications were reviewed for each patient.

Results
The mean surgical time was 30.3 ± 7.3 min. The mean blood loss was 25.3 ± 10.8 mL. No iatrogenic nerve palsy, pin tract infection, failure of external fixation, or bedsores were observed. The postoperative visual analog scale score was significantly lower than the preoperative score (P < 0.01). The mean fracture reduction rate of the femur was 58.1 ± 17.0%, and the mean degree of reduction was 13.5 ± 6.9°. The mean external fixation time was 7.6 ± 4.0 days and intramedullary nailing was performed. The mean hospital, follow-up, and healing times were 28.7 ± 8.7 days, 23.5 ± 7.9 months, and 22.8 ± 5.7 weeks, respectively. The Harris Hip Score indicated excellent or good results in 20 patients.

Conclusion
Collectively, the results of this study revealed that external fixation via the AIIS is a safe, rapid, and effective method for acute treatment of PFF in young patients.
Quasi-decompositions and quasidirect products of Hilbert algebras
Authors: Cīrulis Jānis 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A quasi-decomposition of a Hilbert algebra A is a pair (C, D) of its subalgebras such that (i) every element a ∈ A is a meet c ∧ d with c ∈ C, d ∈ D, where c and d are compatible (i.e., c → d = c → (c ∧ d)), and (ii) d → c = c (then c is uniquely defined). Quasi-decompositions are intimately related to the so-called triple construction of Hilbert algebras, which we reinterpret as a construction of quasidirect products. We show that it can be viewed as a generalization of the semidirect product construction, that quasidirect products has a certain universal property and that they can be characterised in terms of short exact sequences. We also discuss four classes of Hilbert algebras and give for each of them conditions on a quasi-decomposition of an arbitrary Hilbert algebra A under which A belongs to this class.
Renal Histologic Analysis Provides Complementary Information to Kidney Function Measurement for Patients with Early Diabetic or Hypertensive Disease
Authors: Quinn Ghazal Z. , Abedini Amin , Liu Hongbo , Ma Ziyuan , Cucchiara Andrew , Havasi Andrea , Hill Jon , Palmer Matthew B. , Susztak Katalin 
Published: August 2021

Significance Statement
CKD is defined by both functional changes (such as in eGFR and proteinuria) and renal histologic alterations. Although kidney function is acutely regulated, histologic changes such as interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, and glomerulosclerosis could represent chronic damage, thus might provide additional information about disease severity. In an analysis of 859 kidney tissue samples, the authors found that the relationship between histologic changes and eGFR is not linear. At CKD stages 3–5, eGFR correlates with interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy and glomerulosclerosis reasonably well, whereas at earlier disease stages, eGFR poorly estimates histologic damage. Patients with diabetes, hypertension, or Black race had more severe histologic damage at the same eGFR. The inclusion of glomerulosclerosis significantly improved the kidney function decline estimation.

Background
Patients with diabetic or hypertensive kidney disease rarely undergo kidney biopsy because nephrologists commonly believe that biopsy-related risk outweighs the potential benefits of obtaining histologic information to guide clinical decisions. Although kidney function is acutely regulated, histologic changes such as interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, and glomerulosclerosis may represent chronic kidney damage, and thus might provide additional information about disease severity. However, whether histologic analysis provides information complementary to clinically used kidney function measurements, such as eGFR and proteinuria, is unclear.

Methods
We performed a standardized semiquantitative histologic analysis of 859 nephrectomies obtained from individuals with or without diabetes mellitus or hypertension and varying degrees of kidney dysfunction. Changes in glomeruli, tubules, interstitium, and the vasculature were scored using 17 descriptive parameters in a standardized manner. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses and unbiased, hierarchical clustering to assess associations between histologic alterations and clinical variables.

Results
At CKD stages 3–5, eGFR correlates reasonably well with the degree of glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA). In patients with CKD stages 1–2, the degree of histologic damage was highly variable and eGFR poorly estimated the degree of damage. Individuals with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or Black race had significantly more glomerulosclerosis and IFTA, at the same eGFR level. Inclusion of glomerulosclerosis improved the kidney function decline estimation, even at early disease stages.

Conclusions
Histologic analysis is an important complementary method for kidney disease evaluation, especially at early disease stages. Some individuals present with relatively severe structural damage despite preserved eGFR.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis: More Evidence Suggesting a Link
Authors: Pocock Kristyn , Baysal Idil , Scanlan James , Elliott Michael , Mayadev Angeli 
Published: August 2021

Objectives Previous reports of the concurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the same patients suggest shared pathogenesis, with the C9orf72 mutation as a possible shared genetic link.
Methods: Symptoms, neuroimaging, and laboratory data were summarized for patients with ALS and MS within our ALS registry. Using age adjusted MS prevalence rates, we calculated the expected co-occurrence using the binomial test.
Results: Clinical and demographic features of the five patients (four female, one male) with ALS and MS are described. Because ALS more frequently occurs in men, observing 4/5 female patients with concurrent ALS/MS showed a borderline expectation difference (P=0.073). The observed co-occurrence of ALS and MS was 5X times higher than the expected frequency of 0.98 (P <0.004). Four patients were found negative for C9orf72.
Discussion: Our results suggest a non-random association between MS and ALS, although shared genetic etiology was not found.
Duration and temporal dispersion measurements in CIDP subjects from the Polyneuropathy And Treatment with Hizentra (PATH) study
Authors: Menon Deepak , Vijayan Joy , Lawo John-Philip , Mielke Orell , Ngo Mylan , Dela Cruz James , Bril Vera 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
Introduction: Distal compound muscle action potential (dCMAP) duration and temporal dispersion (TD) are electrophysiological hallmarks of demyelination and important for the diagnosis of CIDP. While the impact of CIDP treatment on other nerve conduction parameters has been examined, the effects on dCMAP and TD remain unexplored. The aim of the study was to examine the impact of withdrawal of immunoglobulin treatment on dCMAP duration and TD, and also the influence of the measurement technique on dCMAP duration and TD.
Methods: Nerve conduction studies were analyzed from the PATH (Polyneuropathy And Treatment with Hizentra) study which randomized patients with CIDP to two doses of IgPro 20 and placebo. Distal CMAP duration and TD were obtained by two methods of measurements (D1 and D2, TD1 and TD2) from the median and peroneal nerves.
Results: The dCMAP and TD were obtained from 389 tracings. While the two methods of measurement showed differences in D1 and D2 with D2 longer than D1 in all the three groups, there was no difference between the TD1 and TD2. There was no difference at baseline in dCMAP duration or TD among the three groups. At the end of treatment, patients in the placebo arm had no worsening of dCMAP and TD compared to baseline or the treated groups.
Conclusion: dCMAP duration and TD did not show a difference between treated and placebo groups, and may be less sensitive measures than other nerve conduction parameters when evaluating changes in treatment. The method of dCMAP duration measurement does not affect TD as long as a consistent method is followed.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF FOOTBALL CLUB DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Solntsev I. V. 
Published: August 2021

This research is aimed to analyze the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on professional football clubs, identify the problems they face and propose strategic anti-crisis measures. The work is based on the analysis of the mapping study on measuring the economic impact of COVID-19 on the sport sector in the EU, provided by European Commission; analytical reports from Deloitte and KPMG containing empirical data on European football, academic research by foreign scientists examining the impact of the pandemic on the football industry. The study resulted in the author's strategic measures to improve the efficiency of football clubs in the face of restrictions caused by the spread of coronavirus, and a system of performance indicators (KPI), concerning the business developments during a pandemic. These results can be used in the strategic management of football clubs, as well as in the development strategies of federations, leagues and individual clubs, and can lead to an increase in the overall efficiency of their activities and the achievement of economic and social results. For the first time, the work carried out a comprehensive study of the consequences of the pandemic for the development of the football industry and offered the author’s view of solving current problems and finding new ways to develop the football business.
A META-ORGANIZATIONAL APPROACH TO FACILITATING INNOVATIONS IN PROFESSIONAL SPORTS ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Osokin N. A. 
Published: August 2021

This paper aims to assess the feasibility of a meta-organizational approach to implementing and incentivizing innovations in professional sports organizations.The author adopts a case study method approach. Data collection was conducted via semi-structured interviews with representatives of Russian professional sports organizations. The results of the interviews were codified using a manual content analysis framework.This study reviews the case of creating a ‘Unified supporter base’ in the Kontinental Hockey League in partnership with SAP. The project was implemented in five phases. This approach helped ensure a gradual innovation adoption process within the meta-organization. Among the key success factors the author highlights the high relevance of the proposed innovative solution as well the league’s role in minimizing resource barriers by implementing a financial incentive scheme.This is the first attempt in the Russian academic literature to conduct an empirical analysis on innovation in professional sports organizations. The author also proposes a novel approach to studying innovation using meta-organization theory.