bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consequences of cyberaggression on Social Network on mental health of Italian adults
Authors: Martella M , Bert F , Colli G , Lo Moro G , Pagani A , Tatti R , Scaioli G , Siliquini R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Cyberaggression (CyA) comprehends a broad spectrum of hostile behaviours carried out through electronic means. Acts of CyA were studied mostly among adolescents. This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the nature, extent and outcomes in terms of depressive and anxiety symptoms as well psychosomatic disorders in adults in Italy.

Methods
An internet-based survey comprehensive of 34 items was distributed through Social Media and targeted only adults. Descriptive analysis and correlation tests were performed in order to identify the extent of the CyA phenomenon.

Results
The survey received a response from 341 Participants (60% women), 43% of them declared to have been victim of CyA almost 1 time in their life and the most representative forms were insults (24.7%) and harassment (19.9%). Only 13% of participants were author of acts of CyA almost 1 time in their life, and 11% of them insulted someone else online. The 74.1% was bystander of CyA episodes as insults (62.7%), discrimination (62%) and defamation (47.8%). According to 95.1% of participants, these episodes were seen on Social Network, 17% on Facebook. The 39.5% of participants asserted an increased frequency of the events during the pandemic restriction. The main reasons of CyA declared were politics (70%), racism (65.8%), sexual orientation (65%) and female gender (53.1%). Chi square Test showed a significant correlation only between sexual orientation and victimization (69.4% of non-heterosexual asserted to be victim). The 33.6% of victims of CyA asserted anxiety and sadness after episodes, while the 39.8% stated to be angry.

Conclusions
CyA episodes are widespread in the European context and potentially harmful for mental health of victims. Sexual and ethnic minorities and females are more frequently the target. Pandemics enhanced this phenomenon. European public health professionals should take into careful consideration this issue for its potential negative consequences.

Key messages
Cyberaggression is a widespread phenomenon in Europe with potential negative consequences on mental health of victims, especially during the current pandemic. Sexual and ethnic minorities and females are more frequently the target of cyberbullying and European public health professionals and policy-makers should implement strategies to prevent this issue.
What are the predisposing factors of depressive disorders among school teachers?
Authors: Ketata N , Ben Ayed H , Maamri H , Baklouti M , Yaich S , Jdidi J , Kassis M , Feki H , Damak J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Teachers' psychological wellbeing is important for both teachers and student's development, but is highly stressful, particularly in special education. Chronic stress is associated with a range of mental health problems including risk of depression, which could lead to low quality of life and dropout. This research aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and their predisposing factors among school teachers.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on a randomized sample of 258 secondary school teachers in Sfax, Southern Tunisia on march 2021. The instrument used for depression measurement was adopted from the generalized anxiety disorder assessment (GAD-7).

Results
Among 258 school teachers, 136 were females (52.7%). The mean age was 47.5±8.1. Overall, 47 teachers (18.2%) had a work seniority above 30 years. According to the work conditions, 118 cases (45.7%) had problems with their students, 30 cases (11.6%) had problems with parents and 10 subjects (4%) had conflicts with their colleagues. The prevalence of depression was 44.6%. Moderate and severe depression were respectively noted in 72 (27.9%) and 43 (16.7%) teachers. In multivariate logistic regression, female gender (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.1; p = 0.004), history of chronic disease (AOR= 2.6; p = 0.001), working outside the family's region of residence (AOR= 1.8; p = 0.048), active smoking (AOR= 1.9; p = 0.042) and having problems with students at school (AOR=2.2; p = 0.039) were independently associated with higher prevalence of depression.

Conclusions
The prevalence of self-reported depression among school teachers was notably high, which may hamper their relationships and effectiveness with students. The most prominent risk factors were related to unhealthy lifestyle and lack of social support with students. Therefore, managing work conditions and establishing appropriate consulting and supporting programs are urgently required.

Key messages
Depression disorders. School teachers.
Migrants’ health and Bulgarian health care system performance: experts’ and society point of view
Authors: Kamburova M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Migrants often face serious inequities concerning their state of health and access to good quality health services. The aim of the study is to compare the experts' and society point of view on migrants' health and Bulgarian health care system performance in this field.

Methods
Within the TRAIN4M&H project, founded by EC, in March 2019th a work seminar was organized in Bulgaria. Data were collected through an unstructured interview. The focus group and facilitated discussion with 22 experts intended was performed. To elicit information about significant migrants' health problems the questionnaire among 388 people was applied. Data processing was performed by SPSS v.24.

Results
22 frontline professionals and 388 people of the society were covered. 20% of the surveyed experts completely disagrees with the opinion that migrants are a threat to public health while nearly nine out of ten surveyed members of the public fully (38.0%) or partially agree (51%) with that statement (χ2=37,84;df=3;p&lt;0,001). The majority (47.8%) of the respondents from the public express an opinion for greater needs for health care of migrants compared to the Bulgarian population while according to three quarters of the specialists there is no difference (χ2=24,07;df=2;р&lt;0,001). About 40% of the representatives of the society claim that the health care system in Bulgaria is not prepared to provide adequate health care to migrants. Almost two thirds of the experts share the opinion that health care in the country can provide only some specific health care to migrants (χ2 = 15.11; df = 2; p &lt; 0.001). The point of view of the groups compared coincided on the issues of restricting the access of migrants in the country and provision of health care, regardless of the legal status of migrants.

Conclusions
The society is not familiar with the health problems of the migrants, but accepts their health as worse than that of the Bulgarian population and threatening the public health in the country.

Key messages
The society is not familiar with the health problems of the migrants, but accepts their health as worse than that of the Bulgarian population and threatening the public health in the country. According to the experts working at local level with migrants Bulgarian health system is not well prepared and provides adequate health care for migrants only in some specific cases.
Sex Differences in the Relation Between Frailty and Endothelial Dysfunction in Old Mice
Authors: Cole Jazmin A , Kehmeier Mackenzie N , Bedell Bradley R , Krishna Kumaran Sahana , Henson Grant D , Walker Ashley E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Vascular endothelial function declines with age on average, but there is high variability in the magnitude of this decline within populations. Measurements of frailty, known as frailty index (FI), can be used as surrogates for biological age, but it is unknown if frailty relates to the age-related decline in vascular function. To examine this relation, we studied young (4–9 months) and old (23–32 months) C57BL6 mice of both sexes. We found that FI was greater in old compared with young mice, but did not differ between old male and female mice. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) and mesenteric artery endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD) also did not differ between old male and female mice; however, there were sex differences in the relations between FI and EDD. For the MCA, FI was inversely related to EDD among old female mice, but not old male mice. In contrast, for the mesenteric artery, FI was inversely related to EDD among old male mice, but not old female mice. A higher FI was related to a greater improvement in EDD with the superoxide scavenger 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl in the MCAs for old female mice and in the mesenteric arteries for old male mice. FI related to mesenteric artery gene expression negatively for extracellular superoxide dismutase (Sod3) and positively for interleukin-1β (Il1b). In summary, we found that the relation between frailty and endothelial function is dependent on sex and the artery examined. Arterial oxidative stress and proinflammatory signaling are potential mediators of the relations of frailty and endothelial function.
Quadratic Gorenstein Rings and the Koszul Property II
Authors: Mastroeni Matthew , Schenck Hal , Stillman Mike 
Published: October 2021

AbstractConca–Rossi–Valla [6] ask if every quadratic Gorenstein ring $R$ of regularity three is Koszul. In [15], we use idealization to answer their question, proving that in nine or more variables there exist quadratic Gorenstein rings of regularity three, which are not Koszul. In this paper, we study the analog of the Conca–Rossi–Valla question when the regularity of $R$ is four or more. Let $R$ be a quadratic Gorenstein ring having ${\operatorname {codim}} \ R = c$ and ${\operatorname {reg}} \ R = r \ge 4$. We prove that if $c = r+1$ then $R$ is always Koszul, and for every $c \geq r+2$, we construct quadratic Gorenstein rings that are not Koszul, answering questions of Matsuda [16] and Migliore–Nagel [19].
Periods, Pregnancy, and Peeing: Leaky Feminine Bodies in Swedish Military Marketing
Authors: Stern Maria , Strand Sanna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The notion of “leaky” female bodies has long rationalized the exclusion of women from military service. Yet, in an attempt to bolster enlistments by appealing to women, the Swedish Armed Forces (SAF) embarked on a marketing strategy that aims to break with gender stereotypes in order to fill its ranks. Most notably, in a 2018 recruitment campaign, an SAF billboard posed the question “Can I have my period in the field?” This article probes how the leaky female body is mobilized in SAF marketing campaigns and outreach activities. While remarkable for their commitment to gender parity, we aver that there is more going on in these campaigns that seemingly render women's bodies normal and unproblematic as military bodies than a move toward gender equality. The representations of female soldiering bodies that emerge reproduce a familiar form of militarism that promotes the necessity of a battle-ready military corps that is predictable, and poised for warring. Moreover, these explicitly feminist SAF campaigns also beckon with the possibility of becoming that transcends the bodily limitations of sex/gender in civilian as well as military life, in war as well as in peace—to become perhaps something/someone/somewhere else that only military service can offer.
Thinking with Diplomacy: Within and Beyond Practice Theory
Authors: Constantinou Costas M , Dittmer Jason , Kuus Merje , McConnell Fiona , Opondo Sam Okoth , Pouliot Vincent 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFollowing the considerable interest in practice theory, this Collective Discussion interrogates what it means to practice and, ultimately, to think with diplomacy. In asking how empirical, methodological, and axiological disagreements over what constitutes diplomatic practice can be productively employed to develop or revise practice theory, the Discussion engages the historically and culturally contingent practices of diplomacy. In doing so, it goes beyond the conventional interactions that assume a fixed and singular identity for diplomacy. The Discussion aims, on the one hand, to pluralize the notion of diplomatic practice, and, on the other, to reflexively retrieve “theory” from the everyday and alternative practices of diplomacy that are often missed by the radar of practice theory. It thus seeks to reassess practice theory using insights from the very terrain of action it employs to develop its distinctive viewpoint. The Discussion contributes, moreover, to the rapidly changing field of Diplomatic Studies that has recently opened up to cross- and trans-disciplinary conversations with political geography, social anthropology, digital studies, visual studies, and new materialism.
Effects of lignocellulolytic enzymes on the fermentation profile, chemical composition, and in situ ruminal disappearance of whole-plant corn silage
Authors: Agustinho Bruna C , Daniel João L P , Zeoula Lucia M , Ferraretto Luiz F , Monteiro Hugo F , Pupo Matheus R , Ghizzi Lucas G , Agarussi Mariele C N , Heinzen Celso , Lobo Richard R , Ravelo Anay D , Faciola Antonio P 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the enzyme activities of an enzymatic complex produced by Pleurotus ostreatus in different pH and the effects of adding increased application rates of this enzymatic complex on the fermentation profile, chemical composition, and in situ ruminal disappearance of whole-plant corn silage (WPCS) at the onset of fermentation and 30 d after ensiling. The lignocellulolytic enzymatic complex was obtained through in vitro cultivation of P. ostreatus. In the first experiment, the activities of laccase, lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase, endo- and exo-glucanase, xylanase, and mannanase were determined at pH 3, 4, 5, and 6. In the second experiment, five application rates of enzymatic complex were tested in a randomized complete block design (0, 9, 18, 27, and 36 mg of lignocellulosic enzymes/kg of fresh whole-plant corn [WPC], corresponding to 0, 0.587, 1.156, 1.734, and 2.312 g of enzymatic complex/kg of fresh WPC, respectively). There were four replicates per treatment (vacuum-sealed bags) per opening time. Bags were opened 1, 2, 3, and 7 d after ensiling (onset of fermentation period) and 30 d after ensiling to evaluate the fermentation profile, chemical composition, and in situ dry matter and neutral fiber detergent disappearance of WPCS. Laccase had the greatest activity at pH 5 (P &lt; 0.01), whereas manganese peroxidase and LiP had the greatest activity at pH 4 (P &lt; 0.01; P &lt; 0.01). There was no effect of the rate of application of enzymatic complex, at the onset of fermentation, on the fermentation profile (P &gt; 0.21), and chemical composition (P &gt; 0.36). The concentration of water-soluble carbohydrate quadratically decreased (P &lt; 0.01) over the ensiling time at the onset of fermentation, leading to a quadratic increase of lactic acid (P = 0.02) and a linear increase of acetic acid (P = 0.02) throughout fermentation. Consequently, pH quadratically decreased (P &lt; 0.01). Lignin concentration linearly decreased (P = 0.04) with the enzymatic complex application rates at 30 d of storage; however, other nutrients and fermentation profiles did not change (P &gt; 0.11) with the enzymatic complex application rates. Addition of lignocellulolytic enzymatic complex from P. ostreatus cultivation to WPC at ensiling decreased WPCS lignin concentration 30 d after ensiling; however, it was not sufficient to improve in situ disappearance of fiber and dry matter.
Mid- to long-term results of modified avascular fibular grafting for ONFH
Authors: Yuan Peng , Liu Xin , Du Bin , Sun Guang-Quan , Wang Xu , Lin Xuan-Ye 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Free vascularized fibular grafting was reported a favorable method to prevent the collapse of the femoral head. This study analyzed the mid- to long-term outcomes of avascular fibular grafting (AVFG) for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) with 6- to 8-year follow-up. From March 2009 to March 2012, 34 patients (48 hips) were diagnosed with ONFH operated with AVFG in Jiangsu Province Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine. We retrospectively reviewed the clinic outcomes of these patients and evaluated the differences in outcomes by diverse stages [Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO)] and types [China–Japan Friendship Hospital (CJFH) classification] annually. The hip survival rate, Harris hip score (HHS), activity level and imaging stability were calculated. The average follow-up time was 6.7 years. At the last follow-up, 34 of 48 hips survived totally. According to the ARCO stage, the overall clinical success rate for hip preserving were 76.0% (19/25) in II stage, 85.7% (12/14) in IIIA stage and 33.3% (3/9) in IIIB stage. Referring to the CJFH classification system, the hip survival rate were 100% (2/2) in M type, 90.9% (10/11) in C type, 77.8% (14/18) in L1 type, 57.1% (8/14) in L2 type and 0% (0/3) in L3 type. The mean visual analog scale (VAS) score, HHS and Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) were significantly improved at the final follow-up compared with pre-operative values (P &lt; 0.001). The AVFG operation can increase the hip function and improve patients’ lives quality. The mid- to long-term efficacy can satisfy fundamental life requirements, especially for those early-stage and small-scale patients who suffer ONFH to avoid or put off the time of total hip arthroplasty surgery.
Measuring the Legislative Design of Judicial Review of Agency Actions
Authors: Clouser McCann Pamela J , Shipan Charles R , Wang Yuhua 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWhen Congress writes and passes statutes, it can include detailed provisions designating how judicial review of agency actions will operate. Yet despite their importance, empirical research has suffered from a lack of a systematic measure or assessment of these review provisions. In this project, we create a new measure of exposure to judicial review by hand-coding judicial review provisions in the text of significant legislation from 1947 to 2016. We identify five categories of review provisions, including language that describes the reviewability of agency decisions, time limits for petitioning courts, the scope of review, court venue, and standing. Utilizing these attributes, we construct latent indexes of exposure to the judiciary, including law-specific and agency-specific versions of these indexes. We then examine the validity of these measures of agency exposure to judicial review by assessing their covariation with litigation, discretion, and independence. Our data create possibilities for future research on how Congress can strategically attempt to influence other branches as well as insight into interactions among the branches in a separation-of-powers system.
Contribution of radiation education to anxiety reduction among Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant workers: a cross sectional study using a text mining method
Authors: Okazaki Ryuji , Satoh Kenichi , Hasegawa Arifumi , Matsuda Naoki , Kato Takaaki , Kanda Reiko , Shimada Yoshiya , Hayashi Takuya , Kohzaki Masaoki , Mafune Kosuke , Mori Koji 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the frequency of education, knowledge of radiation and workplace anxiety of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) workers and to analyze what type of words are used for anxiety with a text mining method. An original questionnaire survey was given to FDNPP workers, and a text mining method was used to extract information from free-entry fields. The questionnaires were collected from 1135 workers (response rate: 70.8%). It was found that when workers receive education on radiation, the increased knowledge helps to reduce their anxiety. Among the 1135 workers, 92 of 127 completed the free-entry field with valid entries. Seventy-one words were extracted by the text mining method. The words used differed depending on the degree of anxiety. The text mining method revealed information about the presence or absence of radiation anxiety and the subjects’ working environment and background.
Inhibitor of growth protein 3 epigenetically silences endogenous retroviral elements and prevents innate immune activation
Authors: Song Yanhua , Hou Gaopeng , Diep Jonathan , Ooi Yaw Shin , Akopyants Natalia S , Beverley Stephen M , Carette Jan E , Greenberg Harry B , Ding Siyuan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are subject to transcriptional repression in adult tissues, in part to prevent autoimmune responses. However, little is known about the epigenetic silencing of ERV expression. Here, we describe a new role for inhibitor of growth family member 3 (ING3), to add to an emerging group of ERV transcriptional regulators. Our results show that ING3 binds to several ERV promoters (for instance MER21C) and establishes an EZH2-mediated H3K27 trimethylation modification. Loss of ING3 leads to decreases of H3K27 trimethylation enrichment at ERVs, induction of MDA5-MAVS-interferon signaling, and functional inhibition of several virus infections. These data demonstrate an important new function of ING3 in ERV silencing and contributing to innate immune regulation in somatic cells.
Chemotherapy strategies for young children newly diagnosed with desmoplastic/extensive nodular medulloblastoma up to the era of molecular profiling – a comparative outcomes analysis of prospective multi-center European and North American trials.
Authors: Finlay Jonathan , Mynarek Martin , Dhall Girish , Lafay-Cousin Lucie , Mazewski Claire , Ashley David , Leary Sarah , Cohen Bruce H , Robinson Giles , Geyer Russell , Tait Diana , Stanek Joseph , Gajjar Amar , Rutkowski Stefan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aims
Survival has been poor in several multi-center/national trials since the 1980s, either delaying, avoiding or minimizing brain irradiation in young children with medulloblastoma. The introduction of German regimens supplementing “standard” chemotherapy with both intravenous high-dose (HD-MTX) and intraventricular (IVENT-MTX) methotrexate, and North American regimens incorporating marrow-ablative chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic cell rescue (HDCx+AuHCR), have reported encouraging outcomes. We performed a comparative outcomes analysis of these differing strategies for young children with desmoplastic/extensive nodular medulloblastoma.

Method
Data from 12 trials reported between 2005 and 2020 for children &lt;six-years-old with desmoplastic/extensive nodular medulloblastoma were reviewed; event-free (EFS) survival+/-standard errors were compared.

Results
The German HIT-SKK’92 and HIT-SKK’00 trials incorporating HD-MTX and IVENT-MTX reported 85+/-8% and 95+/-5% 5-10-year EFS respectively; a third trial (ACNS1221) incorporating HIT-SKK therapy but without IVENT-MTX reported only 49+/-10% EFS. Three trials (Head Start I and II combined and CCG-99703) employing induction chemotherapy without HD-MTX, followed by one or three HDCx+AuHCR cycles, reported 3-5-year EFS of 67+/-16% and 79+/-11%. Two trials employing HD-MTX-containing induction chemotherapy (Head Start III and ACNS0334), followed by one or three HDCx+AuHCR cycles, reported 3-5-year EFS of 89+/-6% and 100%, respectively. Finally, four trials utilizing neither IVENT-MTX nor HDCx+AuHCR (UK-CNS-9204, CCG-9921, COG-P9934 and SJYC07) reported 2-5 year EFS of 35+/-11%, 77+/-9%, 58+/-8% and 53+/-9% respectively.

Conclusion
A trend towards better EFS for young children with desmoplastic/extensive nodular medulloblastoma is observed in trials including eitherHD-MTX and IVENT-MTX or including HD-MTX-containing induction chemotherapy and HDCx+AuHCR. Trials excluding HD-MTX, IVENT-MTX and HDCx+AuHCR have poorer outcomes.