bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Matching physical properties of food and tools in three populations of wild capuchin monkeys
Authors: Falótico Tiago , Valença Tatiane , Verderane Michele , Fogaça Mariana 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Robust capuchin monkeys (Sapajus) are known for accessing mechanically challenging food. Although presenting morphological adaptations to do so, several populations go beyond the body limitations, using tools, mainly stone tools, to expand their food range. Those populations are diverse, some using stones more widely than others. We know stone tool size correlates with the target's resistance within some populations, but we have no detailed comparisons between populations so far. This study described and compared general environmental data, food’s physical properties, and stone tools features on three populations of bearded capuchin monkeys (Sapajus libidinosus), including a new site. The differences we observed regarding stone tool use between the new site (CVNP) and the previously studied ones could be partially explained by ecological factors, such as the raw material and resource availability. However, other differences appear to be more related to behavioral traditions, such as the processing of Hymenaea at CVNP, where the monkeys use bigger stones than other populations to process the same kind of food, which present similar physical properties between sites. Possible cultural differences need to be compared within a larger number of areas to better understand capuchin monkey behavioral variability.
Natural and anthropogenic sources of extractable organic matter in sediments from the coastal zone of the Arabian Gulf in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Rushdi Ahmed I. , El-Mubarak Aarif H. , Simoneit Bernd R. T. , Goni Miguel A. , Qurban Mohammed A. , Bazeyad Abdulqader Y. , Al-Otaibi Mubarak T. , Muhammed Zahid N. , Al-Mutlaq Khalid F. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Surface sediment samples from the Arabian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia were collected by Van Veen grab sampler to identify the characteristics, distribution, levels, and to discriminate between natural and anthropogenic sources of the total extractable organic matter (TEOM). The dried and sieved sediments were extracted with a dichloromethane/methanol mixture for analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The TEOM included n-alkanes (353.9±283.8 ng.g−1), n-alkanols (283.2±296.1 ng.g−1), fatty acid methyl esters (245.2±353.7 ng.g−1), hopanes (100.7±158.2 ng.g−1), steranes (58.5±96.3 ng.g−1), triterpenoids (18.9±21.1 ng.g−1), steroids (15.3±17.0 ng.g−1), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (0.48±1.19 ng.g−1), as well as an unresolved complex mixture (UCM =1633±3151 ng.g−1) and petrochemicals (343.1±424.2 ng.g−1). The major sources of these TEOM compound groups were anthropogenic (petroleum and petrochemical) and natural (lipids from higher plants, marine material, and microbiota) inputs. Anthropogenic contaminants from petroleum products ranged from 46.6-85.6% of the TEOM, whereas petrochemicals varied from 10.7-40.6%. Biogenic influx from terrestrial vegetation ranged from 5.7-19.3%, and marine biotic sources varied from 11.1-37.5%. The continuous accumulation of anthropogenic contaminants will ultimately affect the critical habitats of this marine coastal region. This provides a basis for further studies to understand human and developmental activities on delivery, deposition processes, distribution, and biogeochemical alteration of organic matter in the coastal zones of the Arabian Gulf. Such studies are important for sustainable development and protection of these key regional habitats.
Air leak syndromes (Pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and subcutaneous emphysema) in Critically ill COVID – 19 patients – Prevalence, risk factors, and outcome.
Authors: Sharma Parth , Mohanty Rakesh , Kuryan Preethi , Babu Sheetal , Mane Manisha , Dadsena Aditi , Narayanan Sankara , Korula Pritish 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: A high incidence of air leak syndromes (ALS) has been reported in critically ill COVID-19 patients. This not only prolongs the hospital stay of patients but also affects the disease outcome.OBJECTIVE: Our objective is to evaluate the incidence, clinical outcome, and risk factors associated with ALS in critically ill COVID-19 patients receiving invasive or non-invasive positive pressure ventilationRESULT: Out of 79 patients, 16(20.2%) patients had ALS. The mean age of the ALS group was 48.6±13.1 years as compared to 52.8±13.1 (p = 0.260) years in the non-ALS group. The ALS group had a lower median BMI (25.9 kg/m2 vs 27.6 kg/m2 , p = 0.096), a higher D-dimer value at presentation (1179.5 vs 762.0, p = 0.024) , lower saturation (74% vs 88%, p = 0.006) and lower PF (134 vs 189, p = 0.028) ratio at presentation as compared to the ALS group. Patients who developed ALS were found to have received a higher median PEEP (10 cm vs 8 cm of water, p = 0.005). Pressure support, highest driving pressure, and peak airway pressure were not significantly different in the two groups. ALS group was seen to have a significantly longer duration of hospital stay (17.5 days vs 9 days, p = 0.003). Multiple Logistic Regressions analysis indicated patients who received Inj. Dexamethasone was less likely to develop ALS (OR: 12.6 (95% CI 1.6-95.4), p=0.015). CONCLUSION: A high incidence of ALS is present in critically ill COVID 19 patients. High inflammatory parameters, severe hypoxia at presentation, and use of high PEEP are significant risk factors associated with the development of ALS. The risk of developing ALS was observed to be lower in patients who received Inj. Dexamethasone. ALS is associated with a longer duration of hospital stay.
Quantifying the quality of optical vortices by evaluating their intensity distributions
Authors: Szatkowski Mateusz , Norton Brandon , Masajada Jan , Porras-Aguilar Rosario 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Optical vortices are widely used in optics and photonics, ranging from microscopy and communications to astronomy. However, little work has been done to quantify the quality of scalar optical vortices. Since the quality of an optical vortex affects measurements and conclusions derived from their use, development of tools to evaluate the vortex quality is crucial. Moreover, the quality of a vortex strongly depends on the application. Therefore, this work aims to establish metrics for the evaluation of optical vortex quality. We propose to evaluate vortex quality using the following intensity parameters: eccentricity of the intensity distribution, cross-sectional peak-to-valley measurements, cross-sectional peak difference, and the ratio of the ring width to the vortex core diameter (doughnut-ratio). These parameters can be used as a guide for the quality of optical vortices depending on their implementation for specific optical technologies.
High-power density monolithic fuel cell stack
Authors: Pirou Stéven , Talic Belma , Brodersen Karen , Hauch Anne , Frandsen Henrik , Skafte Theis , Persson Åsa , Høgh Jens , Henriksen Henrik , Navasa Maria , Miao Xing-Yuan , Georgolamprou Xanthi , Foghmoes Søren , Hendriksen Peter Vang , Nielsen Eva , Nielsen Jimmi , Wulff Anders , Jensen Søren , Zielke Philipp , Hagen Anke 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The transportation sector is currently undergoing a technology shift from internal combustion engines to electric motors powered by batteries. However, their limited range and long charging times limit wide-spread adoption. Electrified transportation powered by solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer an attractive alternative especially for heavy freight and long-range transportation, as this technology can provide high-efficiency and flexible fuel choices. Thus far, the technology is mostly used for stationary applications owing to the high operating temperature, low volumetric and gravimetric power density, and poor robustness towards thermal cycling and mechanical vibrations of conventional ceramic-based cells. Here, we present a novel metal-based monolithic fuel cell design to overcome these issues. Highly cost-competitive and scalable manufacturing methods are employed for fabrication, and only a single heat treatment is required, as opposed to two or three for conventional SOFCs. The design is further optimised through three-dimensional multiphysics modelling, nanoparticle infiltration, and corrosion-mitigating treatments. The monolithic fuel cell shows exceptionally high power density (5.6 kW/L) revealing the vast potential of SOFC technology for transport applications.
Relativity and View Effects
Authors: Fischli Bernard 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Relativity has been based on the implicit assumption that it would exclusively describe interactions. Relativistic view effects are included as well, and they act with no force and no energy exchanges. The Ehrenfest paradox is solved. View effects specific to each point of view are the solution. The calculation of the deflection of light by the sun explains in detail why the deflection angle must be almost double the value obtained with Newton’s laws. The compatibility of General Relativity with the new interpretation is discussed. An object has no speed limit due to gravitation but it is limited in speed with electromagnetism. Inertial behavior is examined. The equivalence principle does not introduce gravitation to General Relativity. Relativity impacts the energy formula of electromagnetism using the Lorentz factor which also introduces view effects that are optical illusions with no impact on energy.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Multiple MRI Parameters in Dealing With Incidental Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Shayganfar Azin , Azin Neda , Hashemi Peyman , Ghanei AmirMohammad , Ahmadi Somayeh Haji 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Different MRI parameters have been studied for evaluating thyroid nodules. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and T2 imaging sequences with considerable efficacy in evaluating soft tissue tumors merit further assessment for thyroid nodules investigation.Method: In this study, patients with thyroid nodules indicative of fine-needle aspiration and cytology (FNAC) underwent MR imaging studies. The T2 signal intensity(SI), T2 signal intensity ratio (SIR), Z value, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the thyroid nodule were obtained for every patient. Regarding the FNAC results, the nodules were divided into malignant and benign groups. The two groups' MRI parameters were compared using a two samples independent t-test and the cut-off values estimated by analyzing the receiver operating characteristics plot.Results: The T2 values, SIR, Z values, and ADC values were significantly higher in the benign group than malignant. The cut-off points of 230 (AUC= 0.759), 3.38 (AUC=0.754), 37(AUC=0.759), and 1.73(AUC=.690) were obtained for T2values, SIR, Z value, and ADC values, respectively.Conclusion: T2 values, SIR, Z values, and ADC values are reliable parameters in discriminating benign from malignant thyroid nodules, and cut-off points of 230, 3.38, 37, and 1.73 could be reliable cut-off points for each parameter, respectively. However, further studies with a larger sample size are needed to confirm these findings.
Sound speed and refractive index of amorphous CaSiO3 upon pressure cycling to 40 GPa
Authors: Geballe Zachary M. , Arveson Sarah M. , Speziale Sergio , Jeanloz Raymond 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Brillouin spectroscopy at room temperature and pressures up to 40 GPa documents nearly identical elasticity and refractive index of amorphous CaSiO3 created by two different methods: temperature-quenching the melt at ambient pressure and pressure-amorphizing crystalline wollastonite at room temperature. We find reproducible hysteresis of 0 to 8% on pressure cycling that is small relative to the 30 to 60% changes in shear and longitudinal wave velocities over this pressure range. Together with observed changes in refractive index and previous results from Raman spectroscopy, these measurements reveal a continuous and reversible change in atomic packing induced by pressure. Unlike many other silicate glasses, amorphous CaSiO3 exhibits highly reproducible properties, behaving smoothly and reversibly under pressure cycling and possessing similar structure and elasticity regardless of synthesis paths for the starting material, which suggests that the amorphous solid may mimic the liquid over the pressure range investigated.
Atrial flutter in newborns
Authors: Kurmaeva E. A. , Volgina S. Ya. , Solovyeva N. A. , Kulakova G. A. , Salahov B. I. , Kalimullin R. R. , Salakhova K. R. 
Published: December 2021

Objective. To describe a case of atrial flutter in a newborn.Results. The child in the maternity hospital was found to have a heart rhythm disorder of the type: atrial flutter, constant form. Examination revealed an atrial septal defect and an increase in the level of natriuretic peptide. Subsequently, the child was diagnosed with atrial flutter, constant form. NK 0-1. Open oval window. Treatment with drugs from the group of antiarrhythmics, antioxidants and cardiac glycosides made it possible to avoid pronounced hemodynamic disorders.Conclusion. The presented case demonstrates that timely diagnosis and medical correction prevent possible complications.
The role of maternal HLA-DR and HLA-G loci in determining the risk of sporadic congenital heart defects in the next generation
Authors: Deeva N. S. , Tsepokina A. V. , Shmulevich S. A. , Shabaldin A. V. 
Published: December 2021

The paper considers the role of maternal HLA-DR (Human Leukocyte Antigens-DR) and HLA-G (Human Leukocyte Antigen-G) loci in determining the risk of the formation of sporadic congenital heart defects without chromosomal diseases in the next generation. The HLA-G molecule expressed on trophoblast performs a protective function by blocking killer receptors on natural killer cells (NK cells). At the same time, the maternal alleles of HLA-DRB1 restrict the immune response to allogeneic antigens of the paternal embryo, which may affect the severity of inflammation in the mother-embryo system and through this mechanism induce the formation of heart disease.Objective: to study the frequency distribution of the combinations of alleles and genotypes of HLA-G 3’UTR and HLA-DRB1 in women with children with sporadic congenital heart defects without chromosomal diseases. Children characteristics and research methods. There were formed 2 groups: Main Group (103 women with children with sporadic congenital heart defects without chromosomal diseases) and Control Group (103 women with conditionally healthy children). Genomic DNA was isolated by phenol-chloroform extraction. Typing of HLA-G 3’UTR 14-bp insertion/deletion was performed by amplification of polymorphic regions of genes by polymerase chain reaction with further electrophoretic detection in polyacrylamide gel 6.0. The frequency analysis of 14 alleles of the HLA-DRB1 gene was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. In the course of this work the authors identified predictor and protective combined genotypes.Conclusion. HLA-DRB1 and HLA-G 3’UTR 14-bp ins/del (rs 1704) make a significant contribution to determining the risk of the formation of sporadic congenital heart defects without chromosomal diseases in the next generation.
Risk factors for the development of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Andreev A. V. , Kharlamova N. V. , Shilova N. A. , Pesenkina A. A. 
Published: December 2021

Intraventricular hemorrhage remains a serious complication in infants and especially in preterm infants with gestational age up to 27 weeks.Objective. To assess the risk factors for the development of intraventricular hemorrhage in deeply preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome.Materials and methods. We carried out a prospective controlled comparative study. The study included 104 newborns with respiratory distress syndrome with a gestational age of less than 32 weeks and a birth weight of less than 1500 g. Depending on the presence of intraventricular hemorrhage the patients were divided into groups: Group I : 56 preterm infants with intraventricular hemorrhage verified during the observation; Group II: 48 preterm infants without intraventricular hemorrhageResults. The groups at birth were comparable in terms of weight and height. We identified the risk factors contributing to the development of intraventricular hemorrhage: the absence of antenatal prophylaxis of fetal respiratory distress syndrome (odds ratio (OR) 2.728; 95% CI 1.218–6.109), tracheal intubation in the delivery room (OR 5.714; 95% CI 1.610–20.28), the need for mechanical ventilation on the first day life (OR 2.713; 95% CI 1.154–6.377), forced mechanical ventilation (OR 9.818; 95% CI 1.039–92.86), > 20 manipulations in the first day of life (OR 2.747; 95% CI 1.240–6.089). Also, the authors determined the factors contributing to a decrease in the development of intraventricular hemorrhage: complete antenatal prevention of fetal respiratory distress syndrome (OR 0.35; 95% CI 0.149–0.825), less invasive administration of poractant-alpha at a dosage of 200 mg/kg (OR 0.161; 95% CI 0.033–0.787), ventilation with double control during inspiration (OR 0.159; 95% CI 0.032–0.784), chronic arterial hypertension in the mother during the present pregnancy (OR 0.185; 95% CI 0.037–0.919).Conclusion. According to the results of the study the authors identified significant risk factors for the development of intraventricular hemorrhage in deeply preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome.
Изучение эффективности психотерапевтических методов в разных возрастных группах тревожных детей и подростков
Authors: Бартош Ольга П. , Бартош Татьяна П. 
Published: December 2021

Введение. Психическое здоровье молодого поколения является одной из актуальных задач современного мира. Новизна данного исследования состоит в изучении влияния различных психотерапевтических методов на тревожность детей и подростков. Методы. Приняли участие 83 учащихся школ в возрасте 7–16 лет. Тревожность оценивали с помощью проективного теста Р. Тэммл, М. Дорки, В. Амен (группа I), «Многомерной оценки детской тревожности» (МОДТ, группы II–IV) и шкалы Спилбергера – Ханина (группа V). Использовали психотерапевтические методы: когнитивно-поведенческий тренинг (КПТ), метод биологической обратной связи (БОС), песочную терапию и сказкотерапию. Результаты. Исследование у первоклассников 7,1 ± 0,07 лет (группа I) показало значимое (p < 0,01) снижение тревожности на 1,6 балла после психокоррекционного курса. В группе II (9,3 ± 0,14 лет) наблюдалось снижение значений тревожности по шкалам МОДТ 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9 и 10 на 1,5–4 балла (p < 0,01). У школьников группы III (10,5 ± 0,09 лет) отмечено значимое уменьшение тревожности на 0,5–2 балла по шкалам опросника – 1, 3, 4, 7, 10. В группе IV (12,4 ± 0,11 лет) после 8 месяцев КПТ произошло снижение тревожности по 9-ти шкалам МОДТ на 1–3 балла (p < 0,01). За 1,5 месяца занятий БОС в группе V (15,5 ± 0,17 лет) у подростков было достигнуто значимое уменьшение показателей ситуативной и личностной тревожности до умеренных величин. Обсуждение результатов. Большое напряжение у школьников вызывают ситуации проверки знаний и самовыражения, тревога в связи с оценкой окружающих. В целом применение любых психотерапевтических методов является эффективным способом, который снижает тревожность у детей и подростков, улучшает их эмоциональное состояние и школьную адаптацию.
Textile Based Electrodes for Flexible Lithium-ion Batteries: New Updates
Authors: Alahmed Ahmed , Sabir Emel Ceyhun 
Published: December 2021

:
The electrodes are the basis for building flexible lithium-ion batteries (FLIBs), and
many attempts have been made to develop flexible electrodes with high efficiency in terms of
electrical conductivity, chemical and mechanical properties. Most studies showed relatively
satisfactory results when testing the electrochemical properties of laboratory-produced electrodes,
but most of these electrodes could not meet the expected requirements of flexible electrodes
in practical applications. Quantitative production faces many problems that must be overcome,
such as the gradual decline in electrochemical performance, deformation of the electrode
structure, high production costs, and difficulties in the production process itself. In this research,
developments in the production of flexible electrodes, especially those that depend on carbon
materials and metal nanoparticles, will be discussed and summarized in this research. The electrochemical
performance and stability of the produced flexible electrodes will be compared. The
factors contributing to the progress in the production of flexible lithium-ion batteries will also be
discussed.
miR-27b-3p is Highly Expressed in Serum of Patients with Preeclampsia
and has Clinical Significance
Authors: Yang Yang , Tang Fang , Zhao Xuezhi 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Preeclampsia (PE) is defined as a salient complication of late pregnancy.
microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical biological regulators in PE. This study determined
miR-27b-3p expression in serum of PE patients and investigated its clinical significance in PE.

Methods:
This study enrolled a total of 130 pregnant women, including 90 PE patients (51 mild PE
and 39 severe PE) and 40 healthy controls. miR-27b-3p expression in the serum of PE patients and
healthy controls was detected using RT-qPCR. The correlation among miR-27b-3p expression and
24-h urine protein, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum creatinine,
and fetal birth weight was analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. The targeting relationship
between miR-27b-3p and PPARG was verified. PPARG protein level in PE patients was
detected using ELISA kits. The predictive efficiency of miR-27b-3p and PPARG in PE was analyzed
using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results:
Compared to normal pregnant women, PE pregnant women, especially severe PE patients,
had higher miR-27b-3p expression. miR-27b-3p was positively correlated with 24-h urine protein,
SBP, DBP, and serum creatinine but negatively correlated with fetal birth weight. PPARG was
poorly expressed in PE patients and negatively correlated with miR-27b-3p. ROC curve showed
that both miR-27b-3p and PPARG had good predictive efficacy on PE.

Conclusion:
miR-27b-3p expression in serum of pregnant women with PE was positively correlated
with the severity of PE symptoms, suggesting the involvement of miR-27b-3p in PE occurrence.
Corona delta varian news text: critical discourse analysis on TV talkshows’ head line
Authors: Tampubolon Sahlan , Sipayung Kammer , Napitupulu Fenty Debora , Sidabutar Usman 
Published: December 2021

Objectives: This study is about the realization of critical discourse analysis on TV talkshows’ headlines about corona delta variant. Methods: The data was gathered by collecting 31 headline news stories about Corona from three TV channels: Metro TV, TV One, and Kompas TV. Result: The result showed that at the level of micro, the linguistic features used by the three TV channels were dominated by expressing declarative ideas. On the level of macro, the three TV channels used facts as information and statements as information. On the level of meso, it was discovered that the three TV channels used their roles as public behavior influencers, information providers, policy evaluators, and socialization agencies. The conclusion: the ideology of the TV channel influences the way of delivering news CDA, coronavirus delta variant news, TV talk shows.