bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rebalancing River Lateral Connectivity: An Interdisciplinary Focus for Research and Management
Authors: Mason Richard J. , Johnson Matthew F. , Wohl Ellen , Russell Catherine E. , Olden Julian D. , Polvi Lina E. , Rice Stephen P. , Hemsworth Matthew J. , Sponseller Ryan A. , Thorne Colin R. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLateral connectivity between rivers and terrestrial landscapes is critical for both river and landscape health. Due to widespread anthropogenic degradation of riverscapes, river management is aiming to connect rivers to floodplains, riparian zones, and wetlands, putting a spotlight on lateral connectivity. However, there is currently no consensus on how to conceptualize and study lateral connectivity in rivers across disciplines. Here, we review lateral connectivity between riverscapes and terrestrial landscapes. We focus on the natural sciences, considering hydrology, geomorphology, ecology and biogeochemistry, but also consider social connectivity and the management and restoration of lateral connectivity. We emphasize the importance of considering the bidirectional nature of lateral connectivity, operating both into and out of river channels and the balance between these directions. The resulting “lateral connectivity balance” provides a framework to understand natural spatial and temporal variability in connectivity. Anthropogenic impacts have swung the balance of lateral connectivity, enhancing the transport of materials into and through river networks while suppressing fluxes from rivers to adjacent landscapes. We conclude that further research at the interfaces between the aquatic and terrestrial components of riverscapes is critical to advance our conceptual understanding of river and catchment systems. We propose that such research should be framed within the paradigm of “rebalancing” lateral connectivity, explicitly recognizing the natural bidirectionality of laterally connecting processes, the significance of the hydrologic, geomorphic, and biologic functions they support, and the value to society of the ecosystem services and climate change resilience they provide.
Enhanced heat transfer rate analysis with Ohmic heating, and multiple slips over exponentially stretching/shrinking plate on MHD hybrid nanofluid: Response surface methodology
Authors: Mahanta Chandralekha , Sharma Ram Prakash 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe proposed investigation leads toward the discussion on the dissipative heat on the conducting flow of hybrid nanofluid over an exponentially expanding/contracting plate. The sheet is considered to be permeable therefore, the impact of suction/injection is vital throughout the discussion. The model of hybrid nanofluid is adopted with various thermophysical parameters likely the conductivity and the viscosity properties. By employing valid similarity transformations, the governing set of equations with boundary conditions is converted to the set of non‐linear ODEs. The reduced system of equations is explicated using the bvp4c solver in MATLAB. The numerical outcomes are deliberated and graphically presented in momentum and temperature profiles. The enhancement of the nanofluid heat transfer rate is achieved through the utilization of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Further, the stability analysis is presented to validate the convergence of the set of time‐dependent profiles for the various contributing constraints. From RSM, the combination of a high level of , high level of are conducive to good heat transfer. Also, high level of and low level of slip parameter value (), high level of and low level emerges as the most conducive operating condition that would maximize the rate of transportation of heat.
Expeditions and Fieldwork in Earth Sciences
Authors: Klemun Marianne 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWhat do journeys, expeditions, and fieldwork mean in the context of earth sciences? What status do they have, and what is their contribution to geology’s historical development, and to the training of geologists? These are the main questions that this chapter seeks to answer. In the first section of the contribution, we will explore the phenomenon of travel and expeditions from a general point of view. Then we will analyze it on three levels. First, the practice of field research will be examined on the basis of introductory books as a manifestation of the methodological development of geologists’ targeted travel (questions and instructions), which reached its peak between 1750 and 1840. It was during this period that geology emerged as a discipline in its own right. Introductory books detailing the aims and procedures of fieldwork reflect the fact that field research was considered essential by contemporary scholars. Similarly, the geologist’s hammer was invented in the eighteenth century and became the everyday tool of geologists in the field and ultimately the emblem of the profession.The contribution identifies three thematic clusters that illustrate the heterogeneity of expeditions and fieldwork in the development of geology. First, both are essentially connected to practices. Second, we have to explore the question of space and place in relation to expeditions and fieldwork, and third, the interplay between practices and scientific discourse, or theory and fieldwork (observation), needs to be analyzed. All three perspectives help us understand what was specific to the science of geology in terms of fieldwork and expeditions that also involved other sciences.
Introduction
Authors: Prior Christopher , Higgins Joseph 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe consider the challenges, and the virtues or otherwise, of undertaking a systematic analysis of the personal diaries and letters of a European traveller in Africa in the late nineteenth century. Our case study is Englishman Frank Oates, and the context is his interactions with the Ndebele of southern Africa in the 1870s. This case study affords us the opportunity to consider the European/African encounter on the eve of formal imperial rule. We assess the potential to reconstruct this colonial encounter in a manner that gives due weight to African agency. We consider the implications for our analysis of race, contingency, and the provenance of the source base and the intentions behind its creation, as well as taking into account silences and omissions, and that which Oates recorded but did not incorporate into his understanding of the Ndebele nation and its king, Lobengula. We provide historical context to the encounter and delineate how we seek to assess specific components of this encounter.
The Emotional State and Knowledge Production
Authors: Prior Christopher , Higgins Joseph 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFurthering our focus on the fragilities and contingencies at the heart of colonial knowledge acquisition, we consider the role of Oates’ changing emotional state in how he took on evidence from the outside world and processed this as understanding. We assess Oates’ sense of self-fulfilment and the way this led to changes in his interactions with the African landscape and the peoples within it. We consider how one episode that affected Oates’ sense of self-esteem led to a radical reconfiguration of his relationship with Lobengula. We also consider the intersections between the power of telos and of specific encounters in explaining what changed within the hitherto risk-averse Oates that led to the sudden ‘dash’ for the Falls and his death.
Monitoring Assessing and Learning from Transformation Journeys in Urban Transformation Sites
Authors: Puerari Emma , Deserti Alessandro 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter presents the challenges, opportunities, and insights derived from monitoring, assessing, and learning within urban transformation processes in the Desire project, aligned with the values of the New European Bauhaus (NEB). Focusing on local site experimentations, the chapter explores complex socio-ecological systems, highlighting three assessment dimensions: embracing challenges, empowering choices, and enabling change. The Desire monitoring, assessment, and learning framework combines the logic model with outcome mapping, fostering adaptive, reflexive learning through three distinct modes—learning-by-doing, learning-by-interacting, and learning-through-reflection. The results reveal the importance of inclusive, multi-stakeholder processes to address sustainability, inclusivity, and aesthetics, with special attention to diverse local conditions, participatory decision-making, community engagement, and organizational change. Despite challenges with tracking progress and aligning stakeholder expectations, the Desire site experimentations contribute valuable knowledge on collaboratively developing sustainable urban environments. This chapter underscores the critical need for assessment frameworks that can guide inclusive, adaptable, and responsive processes to complex social and ecological needs, providing a foundation for future urban transformation efforts.
Beauty, Inclusiveness, and Sustainability for the Public Space in MIND
Authors: Villari Beatrice , Pietracaprina Giulia , Martelloni Laura , La Loggia Francesco 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe chapter outlines the outcomes of the design experimentation conducted at MIND within the Desire—Designing the Irresistible Circular Society—project. Specifically, it interprets the values of beauty, inclusivity, and sustainability to propose an evaluation model for outcomes and impacts centered on the experience of the public space in a continuously evolving context. The “Beauty for All” framework, a conclusive result of the experimentation, is described. It incorporates a monitoring and evaluation system based on indicators that outline experiences to characterize the current context of the public space in MIND as both beautiful and inclusive. This integrates with an experimental prototype that combines artistic and technological approaches to support the Desire principles, such as “We nurture a sense of belonging” and “We expand the aesthetic concept.” The result is a system to aid decision-makers and designers in strategizing, orienting, planning, and assessing the ongoing transformation of the public space. Additionally, reflections on the overall experience are shared, serving as a learning process involving the Desire’s team and the communities engaged during the journey.
Amiloride sensitizes prostate cancer cells to the reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor lapatinib by modulating Erbb3 subcellular localization
Authors: Jathal Maitreyee K. , Mudryj Maria , Dall’Era Marc A. , Ghosh Paramita M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNeoadjuvant therapy (NAT) has been studied in clinically localized prostate cancer (PCa) to improve the outcomes from radical prostatectomy (RP) by ‘debulking’ of high-risk PCa; however, using androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) at this point risks castration resistant PCa (CRPC) clonal proliferation. Our goal is to identify alternative NAT that reduce hormone sensitive PCa (HSPC) without affecting androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional activity. PCa is associated with increased expression and activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, including HER2 and ErbB3. The FDA-approved HER2 inhibitor lapatinib has been tested in PCa but was ineffective due to continued activation of ErbB3. We now demonstrate that this is due to ErbB3 being localized to the nucleus in HSPC and thus protected from lapatinib which affect membrane localized HER2/ErbB3 dimers. Here, we show that the well-established, well-tolerated potassium-sparing diuretic amiloride hydrochloride dose dependently prevented ErbB3 nuclear localization via formation of plasma membrane localized HER2/ErbB3 dimers. This in turn allowed lapatinib inactivation of these dimers via inhibition of its target HER2, which dephosphorylated ERK1/2 and inhibited survival. Amiloride combined with lapatinib significantly increased apoptosis at relatively low doses of both drugs but did not affect AR transcriptional activity. Thus, our data indicate that a combination of amiloride and lapatinib could target HSPC tumors without problems associated with using ADT as NAT in HSPC.
Seasonal variations in water quality and phytoplankton–bacteria interactions mediated through dissolved organic matter in New Jersey coastal waters
Authors: Liu Shuting , Oti Chelsea , Aharoni Benjamin , Melendez Derek J. , Thompson Spencer 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
New Jersey coastal areas are experiencing eutrophication due to human-induced nutrient overloading. Algal blooms occur frequently in New Jersey coastal waters, and excessive blooms shift water quality. However, phytoplankton–bacteria interactions mediated through dissolved organic matter (DOM) have not been extensively studied in New Jersey coastal waters, especially near overburdened communities. We targeted a traditionally underrepresented township area, Keyport Harbor, as a model site to investigate seasonal variabilities of phytoplankton biomass, DOM, and bacteria biomass. Chlorophyll-a concentrations were significantly higher in spring–summer (bloom) than in fall–winter (nonbloom). Nitrate + nitrite and ammonium were negatively correlated with chlorophyll-a, and the water was nitrogen-limited during bloom time while phosphorus-limited during nonbloom time, implying that regulating nitrogen loading was key to controlling algal blooms, especially during bloom seasons. Phytoplankton–bacteria interactions were assessed by monitoring dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and bacterial abundance between bloom and nonbloom time from field and incubation studies. A significantly higher DOC, but not dissolved organic nitrogen, occurred in the bloom than nonbloom period, suggesting that phytoplankton contributed to the production of more carbon-rich than nitrogen-rich compounds. DOC fueled threefold bacterial growth in the bloom period, exceeding the temperature effect and indicating strong phytoplankton–DOM–bacteria connections. Microbial remineralization incubations showed rapid phytoplankton–DOC drawdown, and more ambient DOC drawdown and bacterial growth in the bloom than nonbloom time, further supporting the important role of phytoplankton–DOC in shaping bacteria. With water quality monitoring via chemical and biological indicators, the study aimed to understand carbon cycling better, assess anthropogenic impacts on coastal environments, and help facilitate coastal management.
Evaluation method of compression parallel to grain stiffness in wood and relationship between stiffness and shape of contact surface
Authors: Totsuka Marina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The compressive behavior parallel to the grain is an essential parameter for the designing of multistoried and large timber buildings. However, the application of a compressive force parallel to the grain results in significant deformations near the end grain, which is referred to as the damage zone. Therefore, this study elucidates the mechanism of the damage zone and proposed a methodology to evaluate the properties of the damage zone. The cause of the damage zone was attributed to an uneven contact surface. As the contact surface shape remained non-flat even after reaching 28% of the predicted maximum load, the initial stiffness of compression parallel to the grain necessitated an assessment based on the influence of the damage zone. The Young’s modulus of the damage zone was approximately 2% of that of the middle zone and an evaluation method for the damage zone length was proposed using the strongest link model. The Young’s modulus and damage zone length evaluation methods were used to evaluate the stiffness of the specimens when compressed parallel to the grain. The proposed method could adequately evaluate the experimental values.
Rare variants in cardiomyopathy genes predispose to cardiac injury in severe COVID-19 patients of African or Hispanic ancestry
Authors: Qu Hui-Qi , Delfiner Matthew S. , Gangireddy Chethan , Vaidya Anjali , Nguyen Kenny , Whitman Isaac R. , Wang JuFang , Song Jianliang , Bristow Michael R. , McTiernan Charles F. , Gerhard Glenn S. , Hakonarson Hakon , Feldman Arthur M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In one of the earliest reports from China during COVID-19, it was noted that over 20% of patients hospitalized with the disease had significant elevations of troponin, a marker of myocardial tissue damage, that put them at a higher risk. In a hypothesis-independent whole exome sequencing (WES) study in hospitalized COVID-19 patients of diverse ancestry, we observed putative enrichment in pathogenic variants in genes known to be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy. This observation led us to hypothesize that the observed high morbidity and mortality in these patients might be due to the presence of rare genetic factors that had previously been silent but became relevant as a consequence of the severe stress inflicted by an infection with SARS-CoV-2. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed our WES data generated from a cohort of 325 patients sequentially admitted for COVID-19 infection. In this predominantly minority population (53.9% African ancestry and 37.9% Hispanic/Latin ancestry), our initial analysis screen identified 263 variants that were identified as highly deleterious (HD) from a total of 26,661 variants of interest that represented 215 genes. Of those, we identified 46 genes (in 58 patients) harboring rare HD coding variants that were previously implicated in dilated cardiomyopathy and were considered as disease initiators for the severe COVID-19 in this study. These findings offer valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms and genetic susceptibility to heart injury in severe COVID-19.

Key messages

COVID-19 may cause cardiac damage in some affected patients without a plausible biological explanation.

Our study reveals an enrichment of highly deleterious variants linked to cardiomyopathy in severe COVID-19 patients.

Genetic profiling unveils the molecular basis of severe COVID-19-related heart injury, potentially aiding in patient stratification.
Psychological symptoms and loneliness in unemployed people diagnosed with mental illnesses
Authors: Hussenoeder Felix S. , Koschig Maria , Conrad Ines , Pabst Alexander , Gatzsche Katharina , Bieler Luise , Alberti Mathias , Stengler Katarina , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Loneliness is a pervasive phenomenon that is linked to adverse health outcomes. Unemployed individuals with mental illnesses (UMIs) constitute a high-risk group, with substantial implications for both health and vocational (re)integration. This study aims to gain deeper insights into the relationships between psychological problems and symptoms of psychopathology and loneliness in UMIs.

Methods
Our research is based on a sample from LIPSY, a project that aims to maintain or restore employability. Two regression analyses were conducted on a sample of unemployed participants diagnosed with a mental illness (ICD-10: F-code) with the outcome variable loneliness (UCLA). In the first analysis, age, gender, education, cohabitation status, and social network size (LSNS-6) were used as predictors; in the second one, the nine symptom dimensions (SCL-90) - (1) Somatization, (2) Obsessive-Compulsive, (3) Interpersonal Sensitivity, (4) Depression, (5) Anxiety, (6) Anger-Hostility, (7) Phobic Anxiety, (8) Paranoid Ideation, (9) Psychoticism -were added.

Results
Our sample included 397 participants with an average age of 35.8 years, 53.1% were female. The final regression showed significant positive associations between higher levels of education, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Depression, and the outcome loneliness, and a significant negative relationship between Somatization and loneliness.

Conclusion
The high scores on all SCL-90 dimensions, and the links identified between Somatization, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Depression, and loneliness highlight the importance of psychological screening and/or diagnostics in this high-risk group and offer several starting points for prevention measures as well as interventions.
A submodeling approach for efficient prediction of local temperature profiles in component-scale additive manufacturing
Authors: Frölich Felix , Hof Lukas , Zimmerling Clemens , Wittemann Florian , Kärger Luise 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTo solve the multiscale problem of additive manufacturing of large components by material extrusion (MEX), this work utilizes the methodology of submodeling and shows the necessary modeling steps to apply the methodology to the material extrusion process. The research enables the coupling of high-resolution models and process simulations at the component level. It allows the investigation of local effects such as crystallization effects or the resulting interface strength and its dependence on process variables in critical zones of a component, considering the component geometry as well as global and component-specific process conditions. The principle is verified numerically and validated experimentally, showing good agreement. In addition, different specifications for boundary conditions and submodel sizes are compared and evaluated. Variable time increments are used to apply the submodels with a computational time independent of the component size. In addition, sensitivity analyses provide information on the necessary temporal and spatial discretization of the submodel for the most accurate prediction of the temperature profile.
Transparency in performance measurement systems: an exploration of rationales and diverging perceptions in the hospital setting
Authors: Lachmann Maik , Trapp Rouven , Wenger Felix 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As a consequence of an increasing economization of the healthcare sector, hospitals need to accommodate professional and managerial logics. This paper studies transparency in performance measurement systems (PMSs) and its potential to combine these logics, with the ultimate aim of mitigating tensions commonly observed in hospitals. Based on a multiple case study of four German nonprofit hospitals, we shed light on the administrators’ rationales to incorporate different levels of transparency into PMSs and illuminate the physicians’ perceptions of these different levels and their responses to them. We find that the anticipation of whether PMS transparency will initiate a profit-centric constructive benchmarking, potentially alleviating tensions between administrators and physicians, or result in a rather destructive competition between departments, leading to tensions among physicians, is crucial in administrators’ decisions on PMS transparency. We further detect gaps in the perceptions of administrators and physicians regarding transparency, anchored in issues related to controllability, reliability and comprehensibility. We find that PMS transparency may support physicians in combining professional and managerial logics at the departmental level with potentially adverse implications for departments’ contributions to the organizational objectives. Overall, the evidence provided in this paper reveals the dual nature of PMS transparency, as it may raise tensions among physicians while simultaneously mitigating tensions between physicians and administrators. By exploring the multi-layered dynamics surrounding PMS transparency, we offer a more nuanced account of PMS transparency than prior research and conclude that PMS transparency may not be a panacea in hospitals.