bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Performance Self‐Powered Ultraviolet Photodetector based on Coupled Ferroelectric Depolarization Field and Heterojunction Built‐In Potential
Authors: Chen Jian , Wang Zihui , He Huanfeng , Mao Jiaxing , Zhang Ying , Zhang Qingfeng , Li Mingkai , Lu Yinmei , He Yunbin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFerroelectric materials have aroused increasing interest in the field of self‐powered ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors for their polarization electric field induced photovoltaic (PV) effect. However, the device performance of currently reported ferroelectric‐based self‐powered UV detectors remains to be improved. Herein, achievement of high‐performance ZnO/Pb0.95La0.05Zr0.54Ti0.46O3 (PLZT) heterojunction‐based self‐powered UV photodetectors is demonstrated by coupling the ferroelectric depolarization electric field (Edp) and built‐in electric field (EZnO/PLZT) at the ZnO/PLZT interface with a II‐type energy band alignment. The ZnO/PLZT heterojunction‐based self‐powered UV photodetector shows a remarkable responsivity (R = 3.96 mA W−1) and detectivity (D* = 6.6 × 1010 Jones), which are by two orders of magnitude larger than those of the device that are produced under similar conditions without ZnO layer. Moreover, the ZnO/PLZT heterojunction‐based device exhibits a rapid response (rise time τr = 0.04 s, decay time τd = 0.05 s), which is faster than most of previous reports. The excellent device performance of the ZnO/PLZT heterojunction‐based device can be attributed to the efficient separation and transport of photogenerated carriers caused by the constructive coupling of Edp and EZnO/PLZT. This work offers a feasible and effective strategy for the performance improvement of ferroelectric‐based self‐powered UV detectors.
Dextran Sulfate Lithium as Versatile Binder to Stabilize High‐Voltage LiCoO2 to 4.6 V
Authors: Huang He , Li Zhiqiang , Gu Shuai , Bian Juncao , Li Yingzhi , Chen Jingjing , Liao Kemeng , Gan Qingmeng , Wang Yanfang , Wu Sisi , Wang Zhenyu , Luo Wen , Hao Rui , Wang Zhiqiang , Wang Guoyu , Lu Zhouguang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHigh‐voltage LiCoO2 is an attractive cathode for ultra‐high energy lithium‐ion batteries in the 5G era. However, the practical application of LiCoO2 is largely hindered by the unstable structure under high voltage. Herein, dextran sulfate lithium (DSL) is used as a versatile binder to improve the cycling stability of LiCoO2 at 4.6 V. A coulombic efficiency of almost 100% and 93.4% capacity retention after 100 cycles has been achieved. The aqueous DSL binder can be evenly coated onto the surfaces of LiCoO2 particles to function as an artificial interface, significantly preventing the decomposition of electrolyte and the dissolution of Co ions. More importantly, the superior interaction between the sulfate acid groups of DSL chains and the LiCoO2 particles enhances the stability of CoO chemical bonds, further suppressing the detrimental phase transition from O3 to H1‐3 above 4.55 V. The stabilization of high‐voltage LiCoO2 through the binder is facile and enlightening to design high energy battery materials.
Integrated Covalent Organic Framework/Carbon Nanotube Composite as Li‐Ion Positive Electrode with Ultra‐High Rate Performance
Authors: Gao Hui , Zhu Qiang , Neale Alex R. , Bahri Mounib , Wang Xue , Yang Haofan , Liu Lunjie , Clowes Rob , Browning Nigel D. , Sprick Reiner Sebastian , Little Marc A. , Hardwick Laurence J. , Cooper Andrew I. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising electrode materials for Li‐ion batteries. However, the utilization of redox‐active sites embedded within COFs is often limited by the low intrinsic conductivities of bulk‐grown material, resulting in poor electrochemical performance. Here, a general strategy is developed to improve the energy storage capability of COF‐based electrodes by integrating COFs with carbon nanotubes (CNT). These COF composites feature an abundance of redox‐active 2,7‐diamino‐9,10‐phenanthrenequinone (DAPQ) based motifs, robust β‑ketoenamine linkages, and well‐defined mesopores. The composite materials (DAPQ‐COFX—where X = wt% of CNT) are prepared by in situ polycondensation and have tube‐type core‐shell structures with intimately grown COF layers on the CNT surface. This synergistic structural design enables superior electrochemical performance: DAPQ‐COF50 shows 95% utilization of redox‐active sites, long cycling stability (76% retention after 3000 cycles at 2000 mA g−1), and ultra‐high rate capability, with 58% capacity retention at 50 A g−1. This rate translates to charging times of ≈11 s (320 C), implying that DAPQ‐COF50 holds excellent promise for high‐power cells. Furthermore, the rate capability outperformed all previous reports for carbonyl‐containing organic electrodes by an order of magnitude; indeed, this power density and the rapid (dis)charge time are competitive with electrochemical capacitors.
Ion‐Conducting Channel Implanted Anode Matrix for All‐Solid‐State Batteries with High Rate Capability and Stable Anode/Solid Electrolyte Interface
Authors: Kim Chanho , Kim Jeongheon , Park Joonhyeok , Kim Jaeik , Lee Seungwoo , Sun Seho , Myung Seungchul , Lee Dongsoo , Park Keemin , Jang Inyoung , Kim Sungmin , Lee Hyungjun , Jung Hoyeon , Paik Ungyu , Song Taeseup 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) are expected to be next‐generation energy storage systems due to their high energy density and safety. However, their practical use has been limited by a poor rate capability caused by the Li dendrite growth. Under the operation with high current density, the Li migration rate at the interface between anode and solid electrolyte (SE) is faster than the Li replenishing rate by atom diffusion inside of Li, resulting in void formation at the interface between the anode and SE. These voids induce the increase in the localized current density, leading to the growth of Li dendrites. In this study, an ASSBs system is demonstrated with high rate capability by employing lithiated ZnO nanorods into Li. Lithiated ZnO nanorods, which are capable of Li‐ion conduction, providing the passage for Li transportation from the Li bulk to the interface between the Li and SE, resulting in an improvement in the replenishing rate. The lithiated ZnO nanorods in Li enable interfacial integrity by suppressing the void formation at the Li/SE interface even under the high current density. ASSBs employing Li with lithiated ZnO nanorods exhibit stable cyclability without short circuit at 0.3 C during 300 cycles and excellent rate capability.
Valuing impacts of proximity to Saguaro National Park on house prices
Authors: Mueller Julie M. , Loomis John B. , Richardson Leslie , Fitch Ryan A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProximity to public lands is well established within the literature as having a positive effect on nearby house prices. However, little research exists examining the impact of proximity to national parks. We use a hedonic property model with matching methods to estimate the value of proximity to Saguaro National Park West and Tucson Mountain Park. We find positive impacts of proximity to each park, with a larger aggregate effect from proximity to Saguaro National Park West. Our results provide useful insight into the potential impacts of changes in land use designation on nearby house prices.
A national assessment of residency wellness initiatives in emergency medicine
Authors: Parsons Melissa , Zuckerman Matthew , Twigg Sonia , Martínez Martínez Carmen J. , Gottlieb Michael 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundWellness is increasingly recognized as an important component of graduate medical education. However, there are limited data regarding how wellness initiatives are enacted in practice. This study aimed to survey emergency medicine (EM) residency programs to identify current, previous, and planned wellness initiatives as well as barriers to implementation and resources utilized.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional survey study performed from November 2019 through January 2020. A literature search was performed to identify existing published wellness interventions and existing barriers, and these interventions and barriers were compiled to create a survey. The survey was piloted among five program directors and assistant program directors in person with feedback directly incorporated into the survey. The survey was sent to program leadership at all 223 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited EM residency programs across the United States.ResultsOf the programs surveyed, 95 (42.6%) were included. The most common current wellness interventions reported were resident retreats (91%), group events (90%), formal mentorship (74%), and wellness committees (66%). Reported factors that contributed to the successful implementation of wellness interventions were faculty involvement (78%), resident involvement (78%), department chair support (51%), institutional support (44%), and financial support (36%). Lack of financial support (65%) and limited time (62%) were the most commonly reported barriers that prevented the implementation of wellness interventions.ConclusionsResident wellness is an important aspect of residency training. Survey respondents generally perceived that wellness interventions were associated with wellness improvement. Successful programs have financial, institutional, and chair support.
Stocking density effect on the growth and mortality of juvenile European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Zorita Izaskun , Juez Ainhoa , Solaun Oihana , Muxika Iñigo , Rodríguez José Germán 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe effect of stocking density on the growth and mortality of the European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758) reared in lantern nets was evaluated, starting from spat up to the end of juvenile phase. Oysters were deployed in a raft on the Basque coast (SE Bay of Biscay) for 18 months. Oysters were divided into four densities ranging from 25% to 100% of surface coverage. At the end of the experiment, oysters from an initial mean height and wet weight of 22.79 ± 3.70 mm and 1.00 ± 0.30 g reached mean values of 55.86 ± 8.21 mm and 19.08 ± 9.66 g, respectively. Although significant differences were detected in the growth of oysters reared at different stocking densities, these differences were not density dependent. On the other hand, mortality increased with time showing relatively high values (27%–38%), but especially at the end of the study when oysters at the highest density showed values up to 50%. In conclusion, stocking density had no effect on the growth, but had a negative effect on the survival at the highest density. A stocking density of 75% is recommended as the optimum for rearing O. edulis in the Basque coast.
High‐throughput computational screening of porous polymer networks for natural gas sweetening based on a neural network
Authors: Lu Xiuyang , Wu Yujing , Wu Xuanjun , Cao Zhixiang , Wei Xionghui , Cai Weiquan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe capture and storage of toxic industrial chemicals such as H2S using porous polymer networks (PPNs) has shown promising application because of their high porosity, high surface area, high stability, low‐cost and lightweight. In this work, 17,846 PPNs with the diamond‐like topology were computationally screened to identify the optimal adsorbents for the removal of H2S and CO2 from humid natural gas based on the combination of molecular simulation and machine learning algorithms. The top‐performing PPNs such as hPAFs‐0201 with the highest adsorption performance scores (APS) were evaluated and identified based on their adsorption capacities and selectivity for H2S and CO2. The strong affinity between water molecules and the framework atoms in a few PPNs has a significant impact on the adsorption selectivity of acid gases. Based on decision tree analysis, we found two main design paths of the optimal PPNs for natural gas sweetening, which are the PPNs with LCD ≤ 4.648 Å, Vf ≤ 0.035, and PLD ≤ 3.889 Å, and those with 4.648 Å ≤ LCD ≤ 5.959 Å, ρ ≤ 837 kg m−3. In addition, we constructed different machine learning models, particularly artificial neural network, available to accurately predict the APS of PPNs. 2D projection map of geometrical properties of PPNs using the t‐distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t‐SNE) method shows that the screened 390 samples exhibit the similar structures. Among the top‐23 PPNs with the highest APS, hPAFs‐0201 has enhanced natural gas sweetening performance due to its strong affinity between the N‐rich organic linkers and acid gases. hPAFs‐0752 shows the highest isosteric adsorption heat of H2S and CO2 (Q°st = 49.84 kJ mol−1), resulting in its second‐highest APS as well as high hydrophilicity. Based on the combination of molecular simulation and machine learning, comprehensive insights into the high‐throughput screening of PPNs in this work will provide new ideas for the design of high‐performance PPNs for gas separation.
Artificial lift infrastructure planning of shale gas horizontal wells considering endogenous and exogenous uncertainties
Authors: Zeng Zuo , Cremaschi Selen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractArtificial lift methods (ALMs) lift the accumulated fluids from horizontal shale‐gas‐producing wells and help sustain well performance. An artificial lift infrastructure plan includes the selection of ALMs and their operating schedule. This paper presents two discrete‐time large‐scale nonconvex mixed‐integer nonlinear programming models to solve the artificial lift infrastructure planning problem. Two equivalent mixed‐integer linear programming models are formulated using the special structure of the nonlinear terms. A set of valid inequalities is defined to tighten the models and shorten solution times to two orders of magnitude, considering well production limitations. We incorporate endogenous uncertainty in ALM‐dependent production rates and exogenous uncertainty in shale gas prices into the models. For a hypothetical case study under only endogenous uncertainties, the value of the stochastic solution is 5%. For the same case study, the exogenous uncertainty in gas prices does not change the optimum solution.
Preparedness of Australasian emergency departments for point‐of‐care ultrasound in the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Manivel Vijay , Herbert David G. , Kitson Gareth Ian , Robertson Dougal Buchanan , Basseal Jocelyne Marie , Manion James 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionPoint‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) has been brought to the limelight again, with a surge in lung ultrasound in suspected COVID‐19 patients. This is due to POCUS superiority over chest X‐ray, equivalent efficacy to computerised tomography chest for COVID‐19 diagnosis and potential minimisation of cross‐infection. However, inadequate disinfection practices could make ultrasound machines a vector for disease transmission. This study, conducted during the early phase of the COVID‐19 pandemic, surveyed the preparedness of Australasian Clinicians for responsible POCUS practice within the Emergency Department (ED).MethodsAn anonymous online survey conducted from 20th April to 3rd June 2020 among emergency clinicians providing POCUS within Australasian EDs investigated preparedness to provide effective POCUS while minimising cross‐infection.ResultsThe survey received 171 responses and 116 being eligible for analysis. Most respondents (n = 96, 98%) had a separate ‘hot zone’ with a dedicated US device (n = 75, 77%), but lacked COVID‐19‐specific standard‐operating procedures (n = 51, 52%) or a designated safety and compliance officer (n = 36, 37%). Most clinicians (n = 86, 88%) were willing to perform ultrasound in highly infectious patients, despite poor formal training (n = 66, 67%) or COVID‐19‐specific lung protocols (n = 59, 60%). Most (n = 92, 93%) had access to appropriate low‐level disinfectant wipes but varied significantly in disinfection practice due to a lack of timely, formal or unified guidelines.ConclusionAustralasian EDs significantly lacked investment in education, training and protocols to conduct safe POCUS in the COVID‐19 pandemic. A framework with evidence‐based, logistically feasible protocols supporting safe emergency POCUS is required to deal with similar future infectious outbreaks.
A Water‐Soluble Peptoid Chelator that Can Remove Cu2+ from Amyloid‐β Peptides and Stop the Formation of Reactive Oxygen Species Associated with Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Behar Anastasia E. , Sabater Laurent , Baskin Maria , Hureau Christelle , Maayan Galia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCu bound to amyloid‐β (Aβ) peptides can act as a catalyst for the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to neuropathologic degradation associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). An excellent therapeutic approach is to use a chelator that can selectively remove Cu from Cu–Aβ. This chelator should compete with Zn2+ ions (Zn) that are present in the synaptic cleft while forming a nontoxic Cu complex. Herein we describe P3, a water‐soluble peptidomimetic chelator that selectively removes Cu2+ from Cu–Aβ in the presence of Zn and prevent the formation of ROS even in a reductive environment. We demonstrate, based on extensive spectroscopic analysis, that although P3 extracts Zn from Cu,Zn–Aβ faster than it removes Cu, the formed Zn complexes are kinetic products that further dissociate, while CuP3 is formed as an exclusive stable thermodynamic product. Our unique findings, combined with the bioavailability of peptoids, make P3 an excellent drug candidate in the context of AD.
Remote Arylative Substitution of Alkenes Possessing an Acetoxy Group via β‐Acetoxy Elimination
Authors: Muto Kazuma , Kumagai Takaaki , Kakiuchi Fumitoshi , Kochi Takuya 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed remote arylative substitution was achieved for the reaction of arylboronic acids with alkenes possessing a distant acetoxy group to provide arylation products having an alkene moiety at the remote position. The use of β‐acetoxy elimination as a key step in the catalytic cycle allowed for regioselective formation of unstabilized alkenes after chain walking. This reaction was applicable to various arylboronic acids as well as alkene substrates.
Acyl‐acyl carrier protein pool dynamics with oil accumulation in nitrogen‐deprived Chlamydomonas reinhardtii microalgal cells
Authors: Msanne Joseph , Vu Hieu Sy , Cahoon Edgar B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMicroalgae are potential biofuel feedstocks for production of energy‐dense triacylglycerols (TAG). Nitrogen deprivation is known to trigger microalgal TAG accumulation by upregulation of de novo fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis through chloroplast‐localized Type II FA synthases (FAS). To gain insights into the associated FAS regulatory mechanisms, we applied a recently reported liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method to examine acyl‐acyl carrier protein (ACP) pool compositional changes of the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii over a nitrogen deprivation time‐course. We observed that acyl‐ACP pools are highly enriched in acetyl‐ACP in nutrient‐rich media in photoheterotrophically grown cells. Following shift to nitrogen deprivation, acetyl‐ACP markedly decreased, and long‐chain palmitoyl (16:0)‐, stearoyl (18:0)‐, and oleoyl (18:1)‐ACPs progressively predominated in acyl‐ACP pools in parallel with increases in FA and TAG production. This study shows the utility of microalgal cells to study acyl‐ACP pool dynamics to gain insights into plant FA biosynthetic regulation and oil enhancement strategies.
Fabrication and characterization of dual layer PEBAX‐SiO2/polyethersulfone nanocomposite membranes for separation of CO2/CH4 gases
Authors: Barzegar Tahmineh , Hassanajili Shadi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA new method of fabricating thin film composite (TFC) membranes is presented through a one‐step co‐casting technique. In this method a dense layer of poly(ether‐block‐amide) (PEBAX‐1657) was formed on a porous support of polyethersulfone (PES) in one step by immersing the cast films in a coagulation bath of n‐hexane. To assess the impact of silica (SiO2) nanoparticles on characteristics of the fabricated membranes, dual‐layer nanocomposite membranes containing 2.5, 5, and 7.5 wt% of SiO2 nanoparticles in the dense layer were also prepared. Physical and mechanical properties of membranes were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, water contact angle and tensile strength measurements. SEM images revealed that a defect‐free top‐layer was formed on a porous substrate and both layers were adhered together properly. These images also showed that sub‐layer's microstructure was affected by addition of SiO2 nanoparticles to the PEBAX matrix. Gas permeation properties of membranes were recorded for pure CO2 and CH4 at room temperature and pressures in the range of 4–6 bars. Addition of SiO2 nanoparticles up to 5 wt% enhanced CO2/CH4 selectivity of the membranes, while at higher SiO2 nanoparticles loading (7.5 wt%), the selectivity was reduced.
Polystyrene‐poly(ethylene‐butylene)‐polystyrene/asphaltene sands composite elastomer with improved mechanical properties
Authors: Li Guo , Fan Guang‐Lin , Fan Ying‐Li , Jiang Jin‐Qiang , Shi Xian‐Ying , Liu Zhong‐Wen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEndowing polymers with improved mechanical properties by functional fillers is a continuously pursued topic. Although composites with different filler‐improved properties have been reported, the inevitably raised costs often restrict the practical uses of these products. Herein, we report the utilization of the waste asphaltene sands (AS) produced from the coal‐oil co‐processing process as a functional filler to toughen the thermoplastic elastomers represented by SEBS. The FT‐IR, XRD and elemental analysis showed that AS is a mixture consisting of organic compounds and inorganic minerals from the coal. After filling AS into SEBS, the inorganic minerals act as hard cores to strengthen the matrix while the surrounding aromatic and alkane compounds ensure a good compatibility of AS with SEBS. Composites with altered contents and sizes of AS particles were prepared by solvent processing and subsequent hot pressing. The optical microscopy images show a good dispersion of the AS particles in the SEBS substrate. As a result, the tensile strength of the composites are notably enhanced from 6.88 to 17.23 MPa after loading 20 wt% AS. Thus, the AS waste is very promising as the new and successful filler in developing polymers with improved mechanical properties and simultaneously reduced production cost.
Polyetheramine as swelling‐inhibitor for expansive soil: Performance and mechanism
Authors: Hu Haixiang , Qiu Yu , Lu Zheng , Tang Chuxuan , Yao Hailin , Cheng Ming 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe logical coherence macro–micro experiments about the anti‐swelling performance of polyetheramine‐230 (PEA‐230) on expansive natural soil are presented in this paper. Further, the expansion of the soil in the solution and water system is considered. Great significance in treating the expansive soil broadens the applied range of polyetheramine‐230. The mechanism is assessed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) in the state of wet and dry montmorillonite (Mt), XRD of dry clay extracts from the soil, zeta potential measurement, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The results prove the significant effect of controlling the expansion of expansive soil. PEA‐230 strongly adsorbs on the surface of soil particles and intercalates into the layer structure. Further, the PEA‐230/soil hybrids can be judged as usable engineering soil with low expansion characteristics. Additionally, the concentration of PEA‐230 controls the treatment effect, and 1 wt% PEA‐230 is a proper concentration to treat the expansive soil. In particular, PEA‐230 has excellent characteristics such as small molecular weight, good water solubility, and good stability. Thus PEA‐230 can be regarded as a great agent to treat in‐situ expansive soil.