bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Salutogenic Mental Health Model: Flourishing as a Metaphor for Good Mental Health
Authors: Mjøsund Nina Helen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis chapter focuses on a salutogenic understanding of mental health based on the work of Corey Keyes. He is dedicated to research and analysis of mental health as subjective well-being, where mental health is seen from an insider perspective. Flourishing is the pinnacle of good mental health, according to Keyes. He describes how mental health is constituted by an affective state and psychological and social functioning, and how we can measure mental health by the Mental Health Continuum—Short Form (MHC-SF) questionnaire. Further, I elaborate on Keyes’ two continua model of mental health and mental illness, a highly useful model in the health care context, showing that the absence of mental illness does not translate into the presence of mental health. You can also read about how lived experiences of former patients support Keyes dual model of mental health and mental illness. This model makes it clear that people can perceive they have good mental health even with mental illness, as well as people with perceived poor or low mental health can be without any mental disorder. The cumulative evidence for seeing mental disorder and mental health function along two different continua, central mental health concepts, and research significant for health promotion are elaborated in this chapter.
Meaning-in-Life: A Vital Salutogenic Resource for Health
Authors: Haugan Gørill , Dezutter Jessie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBased on evidence and theory, we state that facilitating and supporting people’s meaning-making processes are health promoting. Hence, meaning-in-life is a salutogenic concept.Authors from various disciplines such as nursing, medicine, psychology, philosophy, religion, and arts argue that the human search for meaning is a primary force in life and one of the most fundamental challenges an individual faces. Research demonstrates that meaning is of great importance for mental as well as physical well-being and crucial for health and quality of life. Studies have shown significant correlations between meaning-in-life and physical health measured by lower mortality for all causes of death; meaning is correlated with less cardiovascular disease, less hypertension, better immune function, less depression, and better coping and recovery from illness. Studies have shown that cancer patients who experience a high degree of meaning have a greater ability to tolerate bodily ailments than those who do not find meaning-in-life. Those who, despite pain and fatigue, experience meaning report better quality-of-life than those with low meaning. Hence, if the individual finds meaning despite illness, ailments, and imminent death, well-being, health, and quality-of-life will increase in the current situation. However, when affected by illness and reduced functionality, finding meaning-in-life might prove more difficult. A will to search for meaning is required, as well as health professionals who help patients and their families not only to cope with illness and suffering but also to find meaning amid these experiences. Accordingly, meaning-in-life is considered a vital salutogenic resource and concept.The psychiatrist Viktor Emil Frankl’s theory of “Will to Meaning” forms the basis for modern health science research on meaning; Frankl’s premise was that man has enough to live by, but too little to live for. According to Frankl, logotherapy ventures into the spiritual dimension of human life. The Greek word “logos” means not only meaning but also spirit. However, Frankl highlighted that in a logotherapeutic context, spirituality is not primarily about religiosity—although religiosity can be a part of it—but refers to a specific human dimension that makes us human. Frankl based his theory on three concepts: meaning, freedom to choose and suffering, stating that the latter has no point. People should not look for an inherent meaning in the negative events happening to them, or in their suffering, because the meaning is not there. The meaning is in the attitude people choose while suffering from illness, crises, etc.
Einführung
Authors: Gömann Horst , Fick Johanna 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Wechselwirkungen zwischen Landnutzung und Klimawandel in Deutschland werden skizziert. Dazu werden die für Deutschland relevanten Vereinbarungen hinsichtlich landnutzungsbedingter Treibhausgas-Emissionen und deren Minderung dargestellt sowie die Einflussfaktoren auf die Siedlungs- und Verkehrsflächenentwicklung und auf die land- und forstwirtschaftliche Landnutzung aufgezeigt. Anschließend folgt eine Einordnung des Begriffs Landnutzung. Es werden die Untersuchungsregion Deutschland einschließlich der Fokusregionen Altmark und Rhein charakterisiert sowie der verwendete methodische Ansatz und die Vorgehensweise erläutert.
Horizon states and the sign of their index in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 dyons
Authors: Chattopadhyaya Aradhita , David Justin R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Classical single centered solutions of 1/4 BPS dyons in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 theories are usually constructed in duality frames which contain non-trivial hair degrees of freedom localized outside the horizon. These modes are in addition to the fermionic zero modes associated with broken supersymmetry. Identifying and removing the hair from the 1/4 BPS index allows us to isolate the degrees of freedom associated with the horizon. The spherical symmetry of the horizon then ensures that index of the horizon states has to be positive. We verify that this is indeed the case for the canonical example of dyons in type IIB theory on K3 × T2 and prove this property holds for a class of states. We generalise this observation to all CHL orbifolds, this involves identifying the hair and isolating the horizon degrees of freedom. We then identify the horizon states for 1/4 BPS dyons in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 models obtained by freely acting ℤ2 and ℤ3 orbifolds of type IIB theory compactified on T6 and observe that the index is again positive for single centred black holes. This observation coupled with the fact the 1/4 BPS index of single centred solutions without removal of the hair violates positivity indicates that there exists no duality frame in these models without non-trivial hair.
Shift-type SMEFT effects in dileptons at the LHC
Authors: Horne Alyssa , Pittman Jordan , Snedeker Marcus , Shepherd William , Walker Joel W. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We explore the constraints which can be derived on Wilson coefficients in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory from dilepton production, notably including the constraints on operators which do not lead to cross sections growing with energy relative to the Standard Model rate, i.e. shifts. We incorporate essential theory error estimates from higher EFT orders in the analysis in order to provide robust bounds. We find that constraints on four-fermion operator contributions which do grow with energy are not materially weakened by the inclusion of these shifts, and that a constraint on the shifts can also be derived, with a characteristic strength comparable to, and a directionality in parameter space complementary to, those from LEP data. This completes the study of hadronically-quiet dilepton production in the SMEFT, and provides two new constraints which are linearly independent from others arising at the LHC and also rotated in Wilson coefficient space relative to, though not completely independent from, the LEP bounds.
Neue Terminologie für Sprachentwicklungsstörungen?
Authors: Neumann K. , Arnold B. , Baumann A. , Bohr C. , Euler H. A. , Fischbach T. , Hausschild J. , Heinrich D. , Keilmann A. , Köhler C. , Krägeloh-Mann I. , Kummer P. , Mathmann P. , Noterdaeme M. , Plontke S. , Schliewenz R. , Schmid R. , Schmitz-Salue C. , Schröder M. , Seidel A. , Wichmann J. , Kiese-Himmel C. 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Sprachtherapeutisch-linguistische Fachkreise empfehlen die Anpassung einer von einem internationalen Konsortium empfohlenen Änderung der Nomenklatur für Sprachstörungen im Kindesalter, insbesondere für Sprachentwicklungsstörungen (SES), auch für den deutschsprachigen Raum.

Fragestellung
Ist eine solche Änderung in der Terminologie aus ärztlicher und psychologischer Sicht sinnvoll?

Material und Methode
Kritische Abwägung der Argumente für und gegen eine Nomenklaturänderung aus medizinischer und psychologischer Sicht eines Fachgesellschaften- und Leitliniengremiums.

Ergebnisse
Die ICD-10-GM (Internationale statistische Klassifikation der Krankheiten und verwandter Gesundheitsprobleme, 10. Revision, German Modification) und eine S2k-Leitlinie unterteilen SES in umschriebene SES (USES) und SES assoziiert mit anderen Erkrankungen (Komorbiditäten). Die USES- wie auch die künftige SES-Definition der ICD-11 (International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision) fordern den Ausschluss von Sinnesbehinderungen, neurologischen Erkrankungen und einer bedeutsamen intellektuellen Einschränkung. Diese Definition erscheint weit genug, um leichtere nonverbale Einschränkungen einzuschließen, birgt nicht die Gefahr, Kindern Sprach- und weitere Therapien vorzuenthalten und erkennt das ICD(International Classification of Disease)-Kriterium, nach dem der Sprachentwicklungsstand eines Kindes bedeutsam unter der Altersnorm und unterhalb des seinem Intelligenzalter angemessenen Niveaus liegen soll, an. Die intendierte Ersetzung des Komorbiditäten-Begriffs durch verursachende Faktoren, Risikofaktoren und Begleiterscheinungen könnte die Unterlassung einer dezidierten medizinischen Differenzialdiagnostik bedeuten.

Schlussfolgerungen
Die vorgeschlagene Terminologie birgt die Gefahr, ätiologisch bedeutsame Klassifikationen und differenzialdiagnostische Grenzen zu verwischen und auf wertvolles ärztliches und psychologisches Fachwissen in Diagnostik und Therapie sprachlicher Störungen im Kindesalter zu verzichten.
Functional Integral and Stochastic Representations for Ensembles of Identical Bosons on a Lattice
Authors: Salmhofer Manfred 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRegularized coherent-state functional integrals are derived for ensembles of identical bosons on a lattice, the regularization being a discretization of Euclidian time. Convergence of the time-continuum limit is proven for various discretized actions. The focus is on the integral representation for the partition function and expectation values in the canonical ensemble. The connection to the grand-canonical integral is exhibited and some important differences are discussed. Uniform bounds for covariances are proven, which simplify the analysis of the time-continuum limit and can also be used to analyze the thermodynamic limit. The relation to a stochastic representation by an ensemble of interacting random walks is made explicit, and its modifications in presence of a condensate are discussed.
Partial Right Atrial Inflow Occlusion for Transient Systemic Hypotension During Deployment of Thoracic Stentgrafts
Authors: Pietersen L. C. , van der Meer R. W. , Alders D. J. C. , van Schaik J. , Eefting D. , van Rijswijk C. S. P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Temporary balloon occlusion of the inferior vena cava to lower cardiac output is a relatively infrequently used technique to induce controlled systemic hypotension. In this technical note, we describe the feasibility, reliability, and safety of partial occlusion of right atrial inflow and the effect on systemic blood pressure during the deployment of a thoracic stentgraft.

Materials and Methods
Twenty consecutive patients undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair, with proximal landing in zone 0–3 of the thoracic aorta, were prospectively included. Right atrial inflow occlusion was performed with a compliant occlusion balloon.

Results
Median time to reach a mean arterial pressure of 50 mmHg was 43 s. Median recovery time of blood pressure was 42 s.

Conclusion
Partial right atrial inflow occlusion with an occlusion balloon is feasible with reliable results and without procedure-related complications.
Fluid-phase and membrane markers reveal spatio-temporal dynamics of membrane traffic and repair in the green alga Chara australis
Authors: Sommer Aniela , Hoeftberger Margit , Foissner Ilse 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe investigated the mechanisms and the spatio-temporal dynamics of fluid-phase and membrane internalization in the green alga Chara australis using fluorescent hydrazides markers alone, or in conjunction with styryl dyes. Using live-cell imaging, immunofluorescence and inhibitor studies we revealed that both fluid-phase and membrane dyes were actively taken up into the cytoplasm by clathrin-mediated endocytosis and stained various classes of endosomes including brefeldin A- and wortmannin-sensitive organelles (trans-Golgi network and multivesicular bodies). Uptake of fluorescent hydrazides was poorly sensitive to cytochalasin D, suggesting that actin plays a minor role in constitutive endocytosis in Chara internodal cells. Sequential pulse-labelling experiments revealed novel aspects of the temporal progression of endosomes in Chara internodal cells. The internalized fluid-phase marker distributed to early compartments within 10 min from dye exposure and after about 30 min, it was found almost exclusively in late endocytic compartments. Notably, fluid cargo consecutively internalized at time intervals of more than 1h, was not targeted to the same vesicular structures, but was sorted into distinct late compartments. We further found that fluorescent hydrazide dyes distributed not only to rapidly recycling endosomes but also to long-lived compartments that participated in plasma membrane repair after local laser injury. Our approach highlights the benefits of combining different fluid-phase markers in conjunction with membrane dyes in simultaneous and sequential application modus for investigating vesicle traffic, especially in organisms, which are still refractory to genetic transformation like characean algae.
Patterns of seagrass macrobenthic biodiversity in the warm-temperate Knysna estuarine bay, Western Cape: a review
Authors: Barnes R. S. K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractKnysna estuarine bay in South Africa's Garden Route National Park is that country's most significant estuarine system for biodiversity and conservation value. One outstanding feature is support of 40% of South Africa's—and maybe 20% of the world's—remaining vulnerable and decreasing dwarf-eelgrass, Zostera capensis, whose associated benthic macrofauna has been studied since 2009. For these invertebrates, Knysna comprises several significantly different compartments: sandy mouth; well-flushed marine embayment; poorly flushed central sea-water 'lagoon'; and two disjunct but faunistically similar peripheral regions–marine backwater channels, and low-salinity upper estuary. Although macrofauna ranges from dilute brackish to fully marine, its abundance, local patchiness, and over considerable stretches, species density remains remarkably constant; further, one-third of species occur throughout. Intertidally, all but peripheral compartments are low density and infaunally dominated, while some peripheral areas, and much of the subtidal, are higher density and epifaunally dominated. Overall, seagrass macrobenthos appears maintained below carrying capacity (e.g., by abundant juvenile fish) and of random species composition within a site. Two further characteristics are notable: Unusually, seagrass supports fewer animals than adjacent unvegetated areas, probably because of lack of bioturbatory disturbance in them, and the vegetation cover may ameliorate ambient habitat conditions. Unfortunately, continual heavy and effectively unpreventable exploitation for bait occurs, and chlorophyte blooms have developed because of high nutrient input. Knysna presents a microcosm of problems facing biodiverse and high-value habitats set within areas of high unemployment where subsistence fishing provides the main source of protein and seagrass provides the only source of bait.
Anti-SASP and anti-inflammatory activity of resveratrol, curcumin and β-caryophyllene association on human endothelial and monocytic cells
Authors: Matacchione Giulia , Gurău Felicia , Silvestrini Andrea , Tiboni Mattia , Mancini Luca , Valli Debora , Rippo Maria Rita , Recchioni Rina , Marcheselli Fiorella , Carnevali Oliana , Procopio Antonio Domenico , Casettari Luca , Olivieri Fabiola 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA challenging and promising new branch of aging-related research fields is the identification of natural compounds able to modulate the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which characterizes senescent cells and can contribute to fuel the inflammaging. We investigated both the anti-SASP and anti-inflammatory activities of a nutritional supplement, namely Fenoxidol™, composed of turmeric extract bioCurcumin (bCUR), Polydatin (the natural glycosylated precursor of Resveratrol-RSV), and liposomal β-caryophyllene (BCP), in two human cellular models, such as the primary endothelial cell line, HUVECs and the monocytic cell line, THP-1. Replicative and Doxorubicin-induced senescent HUVECs, both chosen as cellular models of SASP, and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated THP-1, selected as a model of the inflammatory response, were treated with the three single natural compounds or with a combination of them (MIX). In both senescent HUVEC models, MIX treatment significantly reduced IL-1β and IL-6 expression levels and p16ink4a protein, and also increased SIRT1 protein level, as well as downregulated miR-146a and miR-21 expression, two of the so-called inflamma-miRNAs, more effectively than the single compounds. In THP-1 cells stimulated with LPS, the MIX showed a significant effect in decreasing IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and miR-146a expression levels and Caspase-1 activation, in association with an up-regulation of SIRT1 protein, compared to the single compounds. Overall, our results suggest that the three analysed compounds can have a combined effect in restraining SASP in senescent HUVECs as well as the inflammatory response in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells.
Imaging mitotic processes in three dimensions with lattice light-sheet microscopy
Authors: Mimori-Kiyosue Yuko 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThere are few technologies that can capture mitotic processes occurring in three-dimensional space with the desired spatiotemporal resolution. Due to such technical limitations, our understanding of mitosis, which has been studied since the early 1880s, is still incomplete with regard to mitotic processes and their regulatory mechanisms at a molecular level. A recently developed high-resolution type of light-sheet microscopy, lattice light-sheet microscopy (LLSM), has achieved unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution scans of intracellular spaces at the whole-cell level. This technology enables experiments that were not possible before (e.g., tracking of growth of every spindle microtubule end and discrimination of individual chromosomes in living cells), thus providing a new avenue for the analysis of mitotic processes. Herein, principles of LLSM technology are introduced, as well as experimental techniques that became possible with LLSM. In addition, issues remaining to be solved for use of this technology in mitosis research, big image data problems, are presented to help guide mitosis research into a new era.
Financial Behaviour Under Economic Strain in Different Age Groups: Predictors and Change Across 20 Years
Authors: Silinskas G. , Ranta M. , Wilska T.-A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe present study examined the multiple micro- and macro-level factors that affect individuals’ financial behaviour under economic strain. The following sociodemographic and economic factors that predict financial behaviour were analysed: age group, year of data gathering, and attitudes towards consumption (economical, deprived, and hedonistic). Subjective financial situations and demographic characteristics were controlled for. Finnish time series data that consisted of five cross-sectional nationally representative surveys were used (n = 10 043). The analyses revealed four types of financial behaviour: cutting expenses, borrowing, increasing income, and gambling. Young adults aged 18–25 reported the lowest frequency of borrowing and gambling and the highest frequency of increasing income (together with young adults aged 26–35). Participants aged 66–75 scored the lowest in cutting expenses and increasing income in comparison to all other age groups. Financial behaviour under economic strain in 2019 can be characterized by lower instances of borrowing than in 2004 and 2009 and higher frequencies in increasing income in comparison to all other years of data gathering. Finally, strong attitudes towards saving were related to lower frequency of borrowing and gambling, whereas stronger hedonistic attitudes were related to lower frequency of cutting expenses and more frequent borrowing. The research results provide tools for consumer policy, consumer education, and consumer regulation.
Does Test Anxiety Predispose Poor School-Related Wellbeing and Enhanced Risk of Emotional Disorders?
Authors: Putwain David W. , Gallard Diahann , Beaumont Joanna , Loderer Kristina , von der Embse Nathaniel P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown that children and adolescents who report high levels of test anxiety also report symptoms of, and meet clinical criteria for, emotion disorders (anxiety and depression). However, the directionality of this relation cannot be established from existing studies: Is high test anxiety predisposing persons at elevated risk for developing emotion disorders or vice versa? In the present study, we addressed this question in a sample of adolescents. In addition to the risk of developing an emotion disorder, based on the Dual Factor Model of Mental Health, we also considered school-related wellbeing.

Method
Self-reported data were collected over two waves from 1198 participants, aged 16–19 years, in upper secondary education.

Results
Data were analysed using a structural equation model controlling for gender and age. We found reciprocal relations between test anxiety and elevated risk for developing emotion disorders, and between school-related wellbeing and elevated risk for developing emotion disorders. School-related wellbeing was negatively related to subsequent test anxiety but not vice versa.

Conclusions
Our findings imply that there would be downstream benefits to improved mental health from using interventions to address test anxiety but also, from addressing emotion disorders, to improve school-related wellbeing and test anxiety.