bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Development of Smart Manhole
Authors: Praveena B A , Shetty Balachandra P , Kalasi Murthy Samartha S , Yadav Shivpratap Singh , Prasad Mahadeva , Sujith M N , Reddy Naresh , Mallikarjun L 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In today’s world, urban area house a majority of the population of any country. Analysis of both historical and real-time data results in an enhanced understanding of the urban infrastructures systems and consequently in an improvement in their management, By 2030 it is estimated to grow more. As urban areas are resorting to smart methods, either by IoT or by redesign of existing service sector, underground drainage plays a prominent role to provide a healthy environment, good hygiene and safety to a large population density. For this a good underground drainage system is necessary. We can bring about a change by simplifying and reducing the cost of maintenance of existing system. This can done by drastically reducing the time taken to pinpoint the area affected. By replacing existing manhole with sensor based manhole cover at certain key locations, real time data like flow rate of water, concentration of toxic gases can be determined. This data is sent to the authorized service station prior to its blockage thus preventing the flooding of streets through a speedy maintenance regime.
Effect of Dispersion and Improper Bonding of Nanofiller Polymer Composites
Authors: Manjunatha G , Nagesh S N , George Raji 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Nanofiller is used to enhance the properties in composite materials, with at least one phase of nanomaterials that can be referred as nanocomposites. The nanomaterial due to uniform dispersion recently used in advanced polymer nanocomposites, to mix effectively in the polymer matrix. The production of polymer composites with nanofiller is limited due to the unresolved issues such as agglomeration during processing, high production cost and limited availability of good quality. Graphene filled nanocomposites is a novel material and considered in different applications. The properties of the nanocomposites mainly depend on the arrangement of graphene layers with the polymer matrix and interfacial bonding between them. Here an attempt is made to develop polymer composites using graphene as reinforcements and epoxy as matrix materials. Sonication is a process of applying ultrasound energy to disperse nanoparticles in epoxy. The sound waves that are created in sonication are generally large ultrasound waves and during this process, considerable heat is produced. If the sonication treatment is too long, nanoparticles were seriously damaged, particularly when a probe sonicator is used. The localized damage causes nanoparticles to deteriorate the mechanical properties of the polymer composites. The study from XRD and SEM showed that the use of graphene at higher weight % resulted in a decrease in strength of the composites. Hence, it is not a better choice to produce nanocomposites at increased addition of nanofiller.
Wear Characteristics of Double Ceramic Particulate Hybrid Aluminium Matrix Composite
Authors: Nagesh S.N , Manjunath G , Gowda Putta Bore , Ramachandra CG , Nataraju S.N 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Metal matrix composites got popularity due to their light weight and high strength and replacing metal parts from various applications like aerospace, automobile and biomedical. Aluminum matrix composites (AMC) are suitable for the aerospace industries and still the research is going on to use it for other applications. In this research work, a double ceramic particulate AMC was synthesized. The ceramic powders used were alumina (Al2O3) in wt. % of 0.5, 1.0 and 2 and silicon dioxide (SiO2) in wt. % of 0.5 and 1.0. The synthesis of composites was done by stir casting method. SEM analysis showed that porosity was reduced and the distribution of reinforcement particles were uniform throughout the matrix. Wear test was carried out using pin on disc wear testing machine, results showed reduction in wear. SEM analysis of worn out specimen showed transition from adhesive wear to abrasive wear for hybrid composites.
Microstructure Evaluation of Si3N4reinforced Al6082 Composites subjected to Severe Plastic Deformation
Authors: Nishanth B N , Guruchannabasavaiah N G , Auradi Virupaxi , Bharath V , Boppana Satish Babu , Nagaral Madeva 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this research, work is carried out on Al6082 alloy because of its thermal stability and stiffness which can be used for strong structural application, here the hard ceramic particle of Si3N4are reinforced with Al6082 for further enhancing its strength, stiffness. Stir casting technique is used to fabricate aluminum metal matrix composition with varying wt. % of Si3N4, this technique involves cost effective process and also results in homogenous mixture between the matrix and the reinforcement. The percentage of reinforcement varies from 0 and 9wt%. When subjected to severe plastic deformation it tends to change the grain size from micron to submicron level size in the grain structure by the application of load. The scanning electron microscope reveals the distribution of Si3N4on the surface of the sample. The hardness value increased as compared to as-cast Al6082 alloy.
Microstructure and Wear Behaviour of Matrix Al7075 Reinforced With Micro Wc-Co Particulate Composite Processed by Stir Casting Method
Authors: Gopal Krishna U B , Manoj Kumar D , Naveen A , Naveen H R , Nikhil H S , Auradi Virupaxi , Vasudeva B , Boppana Satish Babu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The present work dry sliding wear behaviour of Al7075 alloy matrix composite reinforced with 9Wt. % of WC-Co particulates is examined after prepared by stir casting. The dry sliding wear behaviour was studied for the composites with parameters of varying sliding speed, load and sliding distance. Microstructure characterization is done using SEM/EDX studies for the composite samples. From microstructural characterization even distribution of WC-Co particulates is observed in Al7075 matrix. DUCOM wear testing machine with EN32 steel disc is used to evaluate the wear rate of the composite. Worn out surface of the composite is subjected to SEM analysis to observe the layer formations. From the results of wear studies it is observed that the composite wear rate is reduced by restricting dislocation between the matrix and reinforcement interface.
Aerodynamic Analysis and Optimization of Airfoils Using Vortex Lattice Method
Authors: Chaitanyaa K K , Patil Chethan R , Pal Bhaskar , Dandotiya Devendra 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Air transport is one of the fastest means of transport in the modern world. Aircraft’s efficiency depends on the efficiency of its subparts and its subsystems individually. For example, the gas turbine used as main source of thrust in aircrafts has to be largely efficient, which adds to the overall efficiency of the aircraft. The same way, another important part of the aircraft is the wing. Wings are the main reason for an air vehicle to fly. Aerodynamic parameters like lift, drag and the ratio of co-efficient of lift to drag which is CL/CD ratio determines the efficiency of the aircraft wing. This CL/CD ratio depends on the cross section of the wing, i.e. the airfoil. This paper emphasizes aerodynamic analysis on airfoils NACA 0018, NACA 2412, NACA 4412, USA 45, TSAGI-S12 and B737A used on different planforms of an aircraft wing like Rectangular, Elliptical, Delta and Swept back wing. The results are analyzed and the best airfoil corresponding wing shape is reported. This best airfoil is further refined effectively to get high CL/CD ratio. The complete analysis and airfoil optimization were carried on XFLR5 software which is governed by Naiver-Stokes equations. The airfoils were analyzed for a velocity of 50 m/s, at an angle of attack of 7°, up to a maximum Re (Reynolds Number) of 3e+06, the wing chord length at root, CR=1m and total wing span, L=10m was kept constant throughout the analysis for uniformity. Post analysis, the best three airfoils were further interpolated and refined to obtain higher CL/CD ratio.
Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer in Aircraft Engine Blade Using k − ∈ and SST k − ω Model
Authors: Patill Chethan R , Dandotiya Devendra , Pal Bhaskar , Banker Nitin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Even the smallest part engineered in gas turbines adds on hugely to its output performance. The blades form a major part which extracts energy from high temperature and high-pressure gases produced from the combustion chamber. This high temperature may cause the blades to undergo creep or fatigue failure eventually. The blade material would not withstand such high temperatures. With an intention to overcome this thermal barrier, various cooling technologies like jet impingement, film cooling, mist assisted film cooling, pin fin cooling, transpiration cooling have been adapted in the gas turbines. Using these cooling technologies, the temperature on the blades can be reduced by 200 to 300 K and higher performance may be achieved without much of a compromise. This study mainly focuses on how much the temperature can be reduced if only convective cavity cooling was used, wherein a hollow blade is used and cold fluid passes through it. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in ANSYS was used to compute the temperature difference on the blade and high temperature region. The computations were carried out on both CFD and CFX. Two different turbulence models were considered, k-epsilon and k-omega SST (Shear Stress Transport). Analysis were carried out with nearly 3 million elements. Velocity, temperature flows at selected regions are reported.
CFD Analysis on Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Pipe in Pipe Heat Exchanger With Tangential Injection
Authors: Warghat Ketan Vinayak , Sathish Kumar D , Jayavel S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Heat transfer enhancement is a significant requirement in process industries. There are various passive and active methods available to reinforce the heat transfer. In the present study, tangential injection and its effect on the advancement in heat transfer rate are analysed. This is an active technique for enhancing heat transfer accompanied by negligible increment in pressure drop. Design and operating parameters like geometry, pipe material, working fluid, and flow rate play a vital role in heat transfer characteristics. Taking into account the design and operating parameters, the present study is aimed to optimize the orientation of the injecting nozzle. FLUENT software is employed to simulate the heat transfer and flow characteristics. A thorough grid independence study has been administered, and the present results are validated using the author’s previous experimental work. The tangential orientation considered is 30°, 45°, and 60°. The results show 60° inclination of the nozzle for parallel flow gives maximum overall heat transfer coefficient.
A CFD Study on fly ash nanofluid heat transfer behavior in a circular tube
Authors: Kanti Praveen , Sharma K.V. , Ramachandra C.G. , Gurumurthy M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
STAR CCM+ software is used to investigate the forced convection heat transfer of fly ash/Water nanofluids flowing through a horizontal circular tube in the turbulent flow regime under the constant heat flux of 707 W/m2. The volume concentrations of nanofluid are 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 vol. %, used in this analysis. The results revealed that both the Reynolds number and concentration intensify the Nusselt number of fly ash nanofluids. The highest heat transfer coefficient augmentation is about ∼60% observed at 1.5% concentration in comparison to the water.
Comparative analysis of Machine Learning algorithms for Intrusion Detection
Authors: Pai Vasudeva , Devidas  , Adesh N. D. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this modern era, the network related applications, programs and services are growing enormously but the network security issues also grow along with them. Keeping the network secure is a challenging and a crucial task. To maintain the secure network there must be some system which can detect and identify any malicious activity happening in network. This system is called as Intrusion Detection System. There are many traditional network security tools and techniques of preventing intrusion like firewalls, anti-virus, encryption-decryption, access control etc. But all are not effective in protecting network from increasing attacks. The network traffic can be categories into normal and intrusive traffic using Machine Learning (ML) algorithms. Here, the preliminary comparative study regarding which type of machine learning algorithm performs better in identifying the attacks namely Denial of Service, Probe, User to Root and Remote to Local. The NSL-KDD dataset is used to study features and behavior of malicious attacker using machine learning techniques. This study can be taken as reference for mechanical engineers for developing a safe automation in industrial atmosphere and automation in automobile.
Lesson Learned from Semester of Online Teaching of Automation Using Simulators
Authors: Ostrowski I , Możaryn J , Wang J , Cukier D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The year 2020 has taught us a very important lesson about communication between university lecturers and students in laboratories. This paper is showing conclusions after a semester of remote personal contact with students and laboratory equipment. In normal cases authors of this paper providing their lessons in a laboratory equipped with industry effectors, Robots, Pneumatic equipment, and PLC’s. It was replaced with simulators, because of the lockdown due to the coronavirus pandemic. In the paper, we describe the on-line didactic process conducted with simulators such as Factory IO; Festo FluidSim; Roboguide.
Mathematical Model of Rheological Behavior of Wood Plate Taking Into Account the Zone of Evaporation of Moisture
Authors: Sokolovskyy Ya , Boretska I , Kroshnyy I , Yatsyshyn S , Storozhuk O 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The subject of this paper is a mathematical model of heat-transfer in the process which takes place in capillary-porous materials during drying. The moving boundaries of phase transitions for media are also considering. The analytical-numerical method was developed for mathematical model. The difference schemes were constructed with consideration for the boundaries of the evaporation zone of heat exchange with the environment in the presence of a phase transition in the conditions. The numerical realization and software were developed for solving the Stefan problem. The fractal structures of the medium were taking into account for synthesization of mathematical models of viscoelastic deformation. Functional dependences of the temperature field and the motion of the phase transition boundary in media, depending on the value of fractional parameters, were received for modelling different technological processes of drying capillary-porous materials.
Modeling Issues in Problems of the Elasticity and Viscoelasticity Theory
Authors: Kagadiy T , Shporta A , Scherbina I , Onopriienko O 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The development of computer technology and information technology does not exclude preliminary analytical modeling in complex problems of mechanics. The approach proposed in this work allows one to obtain reasonable simplified equations that admit analytical or numerical-analytical solutions. Authors research are devoted to method elaboration for space problems of viscoelasticity. The approach for solving problems of nonlinear elasticity theory, when final deformations or physical nonlinear properties of materials are taken into consideration, is proposed. New perturbation method for solving of nonlinear equations in particular derivatives is suggested. Such approach is allowed to reduce the solution of complicated problems of linear elasticity and viscoelasticity to subsequently solved boundary problems of potential theory. New linear problems are investigated, in particular, problems on load transference from stringer to single layer or multilayer solids, on stress-strain state of fibrous composite with crack in matrix (plate and axisymmetric problems), numerous contact problems (pressing of hard stamp in an orthotropic plate with different anisotropy). Problems of nonlinear elasticity theory on stress-strain state of a plate with a circular hole under different types of loading are solved.
Diagnostics of the Thermal Condition of the Cable Gear Used in the Drive of a Wood Chipper
Authors: Krawiec P , Warguła Ł , Różański L 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Early detection of the causes of malfunction of toothed gears, cable gears, and various types of drives enables the prevention of breakdowns and related downtime. The work concerns the possibility of using terminography in order to assess the thermal state of the V-belt of the tension transmission used in the drive of a wood chipper. This device is exposed to dynamic loads and one of the main elements transmitting the drive is a cable gear with a V-belt. The paper presents the use of thermography to evaluate the operation of a cable gear with a heat-welded V-belt. As a diagnostic characteristic, the dependence of temperature changes of the belt and pulleys on the variable load of the chipper over time was adopted. The variable load on the device results from the feeding time of the branches and their cross-section. The aim of the work was to investigate the influence of variable transmission load on the durability and life of the V-belt. It has been found that for the cable transmission it is desirable to ensure that the temperature of the belt around the circumference is similar and changes little.
Development of IoT Weather Monitoring System Based on Arduino and ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module
Authors: Holovatyy Andriy 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In the paper, the hardware and software of the IoT weather monitoring system have been developed. The hardware of the IoT weather monitoring system consists of the microcontroller device which is developed on the Arduino Mega2560 board, digital pressure, temperature and humidity sensor BME280, Wi-Fi module ESP-01 built on the ESP8266 chip and the 16×2 alphanumeric LCD based on the Hitachi HD44780 controller. The electronic circuit and the model of the microcontroller weather monitoring device have been created in Proteus VSM. The operation algorithm of the IoT weather monitoring system has been developed. The IoT device monitors such weather parameters as: atmospheric pressure, temperature and relative humidity. The software modules for communication with the BME280 sensor and Wi-Fi module ESP-01 and main data collection and acquisition software for the ATmega2560 microcontroller of the Arduino Mega2560 board have been created. The software for communication with the ThingsBoard IoT platform and Mosquitto MQTT broker has been created. The dashboards for weather data visualization on the IoT platform ThingsBoard using ThingsBoard Dashboard and from the Mosquitto MQTT broker using Node-RED have been created. The operation of the microcontroller weather monitoring device has been simulated in Proteus ISIS. The prototype of the microcontroller weather monitoring device has been built on a solderless breadboard and the operation of the IoT weather monitoring system has been tested.
Simulation of the Processes in Electrical Engineering Systems via the Two-Point Problem for Telegraph Equation
Authors: Nytrebych Z , Malanchuk O 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The physical-mathematical model which describes distribution of an electric current in electrotechnical systems is investigated. This model contains a homogeneous partial differential equation of the second order in time and two-point time conditions. The coefficients of equation are the parameters of the system. Two-point conditions describe the behavior of the process at two points in time. The analytical solution of the two-point problem which is obtained by the differential-symbol method determines the behavior of the process at any time and at arbitrary point of the system. The class of functions in which exists a unique solution is specified. The presented results can be used in the design of electrical engineering systems and to predict the results in adjusting parameters.
The Use of Cellular Automata in the Study of Heat and Mass Transfer Processes in Particular During Wood Drying
Authors: Sokolovskyy Ya , Sinkevych O , Levkovych M , Shymanskyi V , Yarkun V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper demonstrates the use of cellular automata in the study of heat and mass transfer processes, in particular during wood drying. For study, we developed a three-dimensional mathematical model. This model is described by a system of interconnected differential equations. These equations are described in partial time derivatives and coordinates in space. The peculiarity of this work is the possibility of combining a three-dimensional mathematical model and the theory of cellular automata in solving the problem. Usage of the theory of cellular automata requires the presence of a certain number of identical elements of the system. In this case, we propose to present the studied CAD model in the form of cubes of the same size. The paper also describes the relationships between the created cubes. In addition, we give the algorithm of calculations. Based on the described algorithm, we carried out the number of experiments, which prove the possibility of using the theory of cellular automata in solving the problem.
Use of Methods and Technologies of Additive Production for Optimization of Parameters of Designs
Authors: Zdobytskyi A , Lobur M , Klymkovych T , Kaczynski R , Vasiliev A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article presents the existing methods of implementation of rapid prototyping technologies in rapid production. It is performed using computer modeling programs with integrated modules of generative design based on different topology optimization methods. In the environment of ANSYS Mechanical (Workbench) the finite element method established the dependence of strength parameters on the density of the generated mesh of the reinforcing contour of the part. According to the results of the simulation, the graphical dependencies of the maximum general stresses and the margin of safety of the part depending on the materials of the 3D models under the action of equivalent stresses were obtained.
The Use of Information Systems for Regulation of Gas Engine Operating Parameters
Authors: Kalwar A , Kurdziel F , Pytel K , Gumula S , Lobur M , Melnyk M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the work is to indicate the possibility of using selected IT systems to analyse work and regulate operating parameters of gas engines. An additional task of the work is to indicate new possibilities of using IT systems in power plants. The publication shows the development of industrial information systems in recent years. It is shown how these systems are used for direct control and adjustment of operational parameters of power equipment, ranging from water boilers to steam boilers, turbines and cogeneration aggregates. These systems implement technical safeguards and can be used to analyse work characteristics in an appropriate configuration. The more elaborate energy systems, the wider the scope of use of IT systems. Due to the full automation and control of cogeneration gas-powered power generators, an automatic heating water flow control system through heat exchangers can be used in these installations. This solution requires the expansion of the heating water pumping system with pumping sets with inverters and fittings of the pumping station with remote control.