bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approach to the numerical modelling of the chip temperatures in single grain scratching
Authors: Bergs Thomas , Röttger Jannik , Barth Sebastian , Prinz Sebastian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTo achieve a fundamental understanding of the physical mechanisms and the heat generation in the contact zone during grinding, a large number of experimental and numerical investigations have been carried out to analyse the interaction of single grain and workpiece. Existing numerical models of the interaction between grain and workpiece do not represent the reality and especially the influence of the three-dimensional grain geometry on the temperatures during single grain scratching with sufficient accuracy. An experimental validation of the simulated temperatures has not been carried out yet as there is no appropriate method to measure them in experimental investigations. In this study, a three-dimensional FE-model of the interaction between CBN-grain and workpiece (100Cr6) in the grinding process is presented. The model predicts the chip temperatures for real grain geometries to investigate the interactions between grain and workpiece. The experiments to validate the model were carried out using a ratio pyrometer.
Imaging in Gender Affirmation Surgery
Authors: Hassan Omar , Sun Derek , Jha Priyanka 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review summarizes recent developments in gender affirmation surgery, imaging findings in patients undergoing these surgeries, focusing on common postoperative radiologic appearances, complications, and pitfalls in interpretation.

Recent Findings
The imaging workup of masculinizing and feminizing genitourinary surgeries uses multiple modalities in presurgical planning and within the immediate and long-term postoperative period. CT and MRI can help identify immediate and remote postoperative complications. Fluoroscopic examinations can diagnose postoperative urethral complications after gender affirmation surgeries. Lastly, the patients can undergo imaging for unrelated acute and chronic pathology, and knowledge of these imaging findings can be very helpful.

Summary
Imaging plays a significant role in the care of transgender patients and, particularly, in those pursuing gender affirmation surgery. As insurance coverage expands for these surgical procedures, radiologists should be prepared to encounter, understand, and interpret pre and postoperative findings.
Kinetic studies of Congo red dye adsorption by immobilized Aspergillus niger on alginate
Authors: Hamad Mohammed T. M. H. , Saied Mona S. S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractReleasing of dye-containing wastewater by the textile industry into general water bodies can adversely affect aquatic ecosystems and human health. The objective of this study is to assess the Congo red dye biodegradation and detoxification by immobilized Aspergillus niger obtained from textile dye wastewater. The effects of process parameters like pH, temperature, reaction time and initial concentration on Congo red degradation were studied. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics were also investigated. The experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models of adsorption. The adsorption isotherm data fitted well to Langmuir isotherm and the kinetic data fitted well to the pseudo-second-order model. The degraded metabolites of Congo red were characterized by using UV–Vis spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography, further confirmed that biodegradation of Congo red was due to reduction of the azo bond. Phytotoxicity test confirmed that degradation metabolites were a less toxic than original dye. The reusability of the immobilized Aspergillus niger was repeated with six cycles and removal efficiency ranged from 98 to 72%. The results in this study substantiate that immobilized Aspergillus niger could be employed as a good adsorbent for the removal of Congo red dye from wastewater.
Regression-based mediation analysis: a formula for the bias due to an unobserved precursor variable
Authors: Kim Steven B. , Lee Joonghak 
Published: January 2021

AbstractResearchers want to know whether the change in an explanatory variable X affects the change in a response variable Y (i.e., X causes Y). In practice, there can be two causal paths from X to Y, the path through a mediating variable M (indirect effect) and the path not through M (direct effect). The parameter estimation and hypothesis testing can be performed by a regression-based mediation model. It is already known that randomization of X is not enough for unbiased estimation, and the bias due to an unobserved variable has been discussed in literature but often overlooked. In this article, we first review the challenge under a simple mediation model, then we provide a formula for the exact bias due to an unobserved precursor variable W, the variable which potentially causes the changes in X, M, and/or Y. We present simulation studies to demonstrate the impact of an unobserved precursor variable on hypothesis testing for indirect effect and direct effect. The simulation results show that the inflation of type I error is serious particularly in a large sample study. To numerically demonstrate the formula of the exact bias, a popular data set published in a journal of statistics education is revisited, and we quantify why the conclusion of data analysis can be different before and after accounting for the precursor variable. The result shall remind the importance of a precursor variable in mediation analysis.
Safety and Effectiveness of Dapoxetine On Demand in Chinese Men With Premature Ejaculation: Results of a Multicenter, Prospective, Open-Label Phase IV Study
Authors: Peng Jing , Yang Lin , Liu Long , Zhou Renyuan , Liu Jihong , Li Ningchen , Li Liming , Jiang Yongguang , Liu Yuqiang , Zhu Zhaohui , Zhang Xiaodong , Shi Guowei , Jain Suyog , Jannini Emmanuele A. , Zhang Zhichao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Dapoxetine on demand has been approved for premature ejaculation (PE) management in China; however, studies on the efficacy and safety of this treatment in the Chinese population are scarce.

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of dapoxetine 30 mg and 60 mg on demand in Chinese men with PE.

Methods
Phase IV real-world study on 1,252 patients with PE. If men reported no response to dapoxetine 30 mg after 4 weeks treatment, dapoxetine has been uptitrated at 60 mg for 4 weeks more.

Main Outcome Measure
Self-reported data were collected for demographics, general and sexual health characteristics, PE severity, and treatment safety and effectiveness, as measured by the PE profile questionnaire.

Results
Adverse events (AEs), such as nausea, thirst, headache, and dizziness, similarly to previous literature, were detected. The treatment-emergent AEs rate was higher in the patients treated with 30 and 60 mg (n = 192) compared with those treated with the dapoxetine 30 mg only (n = 1060) (34.4% vs 15.8%, respectively). No new safety concerns were observed. The overall effectiveness rates were 88.2% in subjects using 30 mg of dapoxetine, whereas a rescue from the previous failure was in 55.7% in the patients who received 60 mg after the initial 30 mg. Overall, 83.2% responded to dapoxetine at dosages equal to or lower than 60 mg.

Conclusion
The results in this study demonstrated in a large Chinese population that on-demand dapoxetine is a safe and effective symptomatic treatment in patients with PE.
J Peng, L Yang, L Liu, et al. Safety and Effectiveness of Dapoxetine On Demand in Chinese Men With Premature Ejaculation: Results of a Multicenter, Prospective, Open-Label Phase IV Study. Sex Med 2021;9:100296.
Effect of Edentulism and Oral Quality of Life on Sexual Functions in Men: A Cohort Prospective Study
Authors: Turgut Hasan , Turgut Sedanur 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Edentulism has a serious impact on quality of life (QoL), and changes in QoL can affect sexual functioning.

Aim
To assess the correlation between oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) and sexual function in edentulous men.

Methods
A total of 148 men (18–70 years) with incomplete natural dentition completed the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) at 4 time points: before (T0), during (T1), 4 weeks after (T2), and 1 year (T3) after dental treatment. Kruskal–Wallis, Friedman, and Spearman's rank correlation tests were used for statistical analyses (significance at P &lt; .05).

Results
IIEF total scores differed significantly between the time points (P &lt; .001), with medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) of 46 (7), 42 (8), 49 (6), and 52 (5) at T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The highest rate of sexual dysfunction was detected at T1 (42.2%) and the lowest at T3 (26.6%). IIEF domain scores also decreased at T1 and increased at T2 and T3 compared with T0 (P &lt; .05). Median (IQR) OHIP-14 scores were 26.0 (8), 28.0 (8), 20.0 (6), and 18.0 (5), respectively (P &lt; .001). OHIP score was significantly correlated with IIEF domain scores (P &lt; .05) and there were strong negative correlations between OHIP and total IIEF scores at T0 (r = −0.737), T1 (r = −0.802), T2 (r = −0.831), and T3 (r = −0.722) (P = &lt;.001 for all).

Main Outcome Measure
Changes and correlations in IEFF and OHIP-14 scores; SD and ED prevalances at T0; T1; T2 and T3 periods.

Clinical Implications
Sexual functions was significantly correlate with OHQoL; thus patients with ED should also be examined in terms of toothlessness.

Conclusion
OHQoL was significantly associated with sexual function in men. However, correcting the problem of edentulism improved OHQoL and sexual function, with the best results observed after 1-year follow-up.
Preliminary Development of a Mindfulness-Based Group Therapy to Expand Couples’ Sexual Intimacy after Prostate Cancer: A Mixed Methods Approach
Authors: Bossio Jennifer A. , Higano Celestia S. , Brotto Lori A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Sexual health and intimacy are consistently reported among the top unmet supportive care needs of prostate cancer (PC) survivors. With an aging population and advances in PC detection and treatment, the need for better PC sexual health interventions is acute.

Aim
Examine the feasibility of a mindfulness-based therapy group aimed at improving sexual intimacy for couples following PC treatments.

Methods
A 4-session mindfulness-based group intervention was developed for PC survivors (mean age 65.6 yrs) and their partners (mean age 61.4 yrs). A mixed-methods approach was adopted to account for small sample sizes (N = 14 couples). Findings will guide future treatment refinement via participants’ lived experiences.

Main Outcome Measures
Quantitative outcomes assessed pretreatment, immediately after treatment, and 6 months later included relationship adjustment, sexual satisfaction, sexual function, depression, anxiety, and mindfulness. Qualitative outcomes used Grounded Theory Approach following posttreatment exit interviews.

Results
Effect sizes 6 months posttreatment indicated moderate improvements in overall sexual satisfaction and large increases in mindfulness in PC survivors, small decreases in sexual intimacy reported by partners, and small increases in anxiety in PC survivors and partners. Qualitative outcomes revealed 6 themes: (i) PC treatments must view PC as a couple’s disease; (ii) PC treatments must consider the impact of illness on individuals and the couple; (iii) Mindfulness was a valued treatment modality; (iv) Individual factors contribute to outcomes, and therefore, must be considered; (v) Multiple perceived mechanisms for change exist; (vi) Group format is a therapeutic element of the process.

Conclusion
An acceptance-based approach to sexual intimacy needs among PC survivors and their partners is feasible. While this small-scale preliminary study suggests that mindfulness may address some currently unmet needs among this population, randomized clinical trials are needed.
Early Clinical Results of the Tolerability, Safety, and Efficacy of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Administration in Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Taş Tuncay , Çakıroğlu Basri , Arda Ersan , Onuk Özkan , Nuhoğlu Barış 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is useful in the treatment of different conditions and diseases as it contains concentrated levels of many growth factors.

Aim
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of autologous PRP application in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Methods
In this prospective study conducted in June 2019, 31 patients with ED were included. The International Index of Erectile Function–Erectile Function domain (IIEF-EF) questionnaires were used to evaluate erectile function (EF). After administering the intracavernous autologous PRP 3 times with an interval of 15 days, IIEF-EFs were evaluated 1, 3, and 6 months later.

Main Outcome Measure
IIEF in the 1st, 3rd, and 6th months and adverse events.

Results
While the mean IIEF-EF was 18 before the application, the mean IIEF-EF was 20 in the first, third, and sixth months after the procedure (P &lt; .001). However, even though IIEF-EF values increased numerically, median value remained within the mild-moderate classification (scores between 17 and 21). Postprocedure sexual satisfaction scores were significantly higher than preprocedure values (8 vs 6, respectively; P = .002). In the first follow-up of a patient after the 3rd injection, a 4-mm diameter fibrotic plaque was observed on the ventral side in the middle of the penis shaft.

Conclusion
In conclusion, our findings suggest that larger studies as well as placebo-controlled studies are needed to add PRP to the treatment protocol in ED.
Intracavernous Injection of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Ameliorates Hyperlipidemia-Associated Erectile Dysfunction in a Rat Model
Authors: Huang Yun-Ching , Wu Chun-Te , Chen Miao-Fen , Kuo Yi-Hung , Li Jhy-Ming , Shi Chung-Sheng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Hyperlipidemia is associated with an increased risk of erectile dysfunction (ED) mediated by endothelial damage. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains numerous angiogenic growth factors. Currently, evidence supporting the use of PRP for ED treatment is limited.

Aim
We investigated PRP in a rat model of hyperlipidemia-associated ED.

Methods
Thirty 2-month-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. 20 rats were fed a high-fat diet for 5 months and were randomly divided into 2 groups: (i) rats in the H group received supernatant injection into the corpus cavernosum weekly for 4 weeks; (ii) rats in the H + PRP group received PRP injection into the corpus cavernosum weekly for 4 weeks. 10 rats were fed a standard diet for 5 months and received supernatant injection into the corpus cavernosum weekly for 4 weeks (N group). 7 days after the 4th injection, all rats underwent erectile function testing and then euthanasia.

Main outcome measures
Erectile function was evaluated by measuring intracavernous pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Serum and penile tissue were collected for metabolic variable assessment and histochemical examination, respectively.

Results
Intracavernous pressure/MAP and area under the curve/MAP ratios were significantly higher in the N and H + PRP groups than in the H group. Insulin-like growth factor-1, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor levels were significantly higher in the H + PRP group than in the N and H groups. Corporal neuronal nitric oxide synthase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and endothelial cells were weakly expressed in the H group compared with the N and H + PRP groups. Intracorporal oxidative stress and apoptotic index were significantly higher in the H group than in the N and H + PRP groups.

Conclusions
This preclinical evidence suggests that clinical trials of PRP in men with ED should be considered. PRP may play a role in ED management.
A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial on the Effects of Testosterone Undecanoate Plus Dutasteride or Placebo on Muscle Strength, Body Composition, and Metabolic Profile in Transmen
Authors: Gava Giulia , Armillotta Francesca , Pillastrini Paolo , Giagio Silvia , Alvisi Stefania , Mancini Ilaria , Morselli Paolo Giovanni , Seracchioli Renato , Meriggiola Maria Cristina 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundWhile the effects of androgens on muscle are well described in hypogonadal men, literature is still scarce on muscular strength or size variations in transmen; in this population there are no data regarding the relative effect of testosterone (T) and its metabolite dihydrotestosterone on muscle.AimOur primary objective was to compare the effects on muscle strength of 54-week administration of testosterone undecanoate (TU) combined with the 5α-reductase inhibitor dutasteride (DT) or placebo (PL). Secondary outcomes included evaluation of body composition, bone, cutaneous androgenic effects, and metabolic variations.MethodsIn this randomized, double-blind PL-controlled pilot trial, 16 ovariectomized transmen were randomized to receive TU 1,000 mg IM at week 0, 6, 18, 30, 42 plus a PL pill orally daily (TU + PL, n = 7) or plus DT 5 mg/d (TU + DT, n = 7).OutcomesAt week 0 and 54 the following parameters were evaluated: isokinetic knee extension and flexion peak torque and handgrip strength, body composition, and bone mineral density, biochemical, hematological, and hormonal parameters.RESULTSHandgrip and lower limb strength increased significantly in both groups with no differences between the 2 groups. Fat mass decreased and lean mass increased significantly similarly in both groups. Metabolic parameters remained stable in the 2 groups except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol that was reduced in both groups. Hepatic and renal function remained normal in both groups and no major adverse effects were registered in either group.Clinical ImplicationsThese results may be particularly relevant for transmen experiencing cutaneous androgenic adverse events such as acne and androgenetic alopecia and in light of the development of non-5α-reduced androgens.Strengths & LimitationsThe strength of this study was the randomized, double-blind PL-controlled design, while the small number of subjects was definitely the biggest limitation.CONCLUSIONFor the first time we demonstrated that the addition of DT does not impair the anabolic effects of T on muscles in transmen previously exposed to T, supporting the hypothesis that the conversion in dihydrotestosterone is not essential for this role.
Associations Between Speech Perception, Vocabulary, and Phonological Awareness Skill in School-Aged Children With Speech Sound Disorders
Authors: Benway Nina R. , Garcia Kelly , Hitchcock Elaine , McAllister Tara , Leece Megan C. , Wang Qiu , Preston Jonathan L. 
Published: January 2021

Purpose
Prior studies report conflicting descriptions of the relationships between phonological awareness (PA), vocabulary, and speech perception in preschoolers with speech disorders. This study sought to determine the nature of these relationships in a sample of school-aged children with residual speech sound errors affecting /ɹ/.

Method
Participants included 110 children aged 7;0–17;4 (years;months) with residual errors impacting /ɹ/. Data on perceptual acuity and perceptual bias in an /ɹ/ identification task, receptive vocabulary, and PA were obtained. A theoretically and empirically motivated path model was constructed with vocabulary mediating the relationship between two measures of speech perception and PA. Model parameters were determined through maximum likelihood estimation with standard errors that were robust to nonnormality. Monte Carlo simulation was used to examine achieved power at the current sample size.

Results
The saturated path model explained 19% of the variance in PA. The direct path between age-adjusted perceptual acuity and PA was significant, as was the direct path between vocabulary and PA. Contrary to our hypothesis, there was no evidence in the current sample that vocabulary skill mediated the relationship between speech perception and PA. Each individual path was adequately powered at the current sample size.

Conclusions
The overall model provided evidence for a continued relationship between speech perception, measured by perceptual acuity of the sound in error, and PA in school-aged children with residual speech errors. Thus, measures of speech perception remain relevant to the assessment of school-aged children and adolescents in this population.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13641275
The Case for Holistic Review in Communication Sciences and Disorders Admissions
Authors: Mandulak Kerry Callahan 
Published: January 2021

Purpose:

The purpose of this article is to review the foundational tenets and current evidence regarding holistic review for graduate admissions that can be applied specifically to the field of communication sciences and disorders (CSD). Holistic review represents a paradigm shift from expecting the
best students
as those with the highest academic metrics to those who are a
best fit
with the mission, values, and goals of any program. This shift may be challenging for widespread adoption by the CSD field. It requires reconsideration of long-standing traditions and beliefs about admissions criteria, and a strong definition of what makes a successful student and future practitioner.

Conclusions:
A comprehensive exploration of current knowledge around holistic review and faculty perceptions or hesitations could inform future policies, create a unified effort across the fields of speech-language pathology and audiology, and inspire collaborative work among graduate programs. We have the opportunity to facilitate changes that will ultimately result in a workforce that reflects the world in which we live and the populations we serve. Graduate CSD programs must be training students who are both academically successful and who provide culturally sensitive, responsive, and competent clinical care.
Metallicities and ages for 35 star clusters and their surrounding fields in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Narloch W. , Pietrzyński G. , Gieren W. , Piatti A. E. , Górski M. , Karczmarek P. , Graczyk D. , Suchomska K. , Zgirski B. , Wielgórski P. , Pilecki B. , Taormina M. , Kałuszyński M. , Pych W. , Hajdu G. , Rojas García G. 
Published: January 2021

Aims. In this work we study 35 stellar clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) in order to provide their mean metallicities and ages. We also provide mean metallicities of the fields surrounding the clusters.
Methods. We used Strömgren photometry obtained with the 4.1 m SOAR telescope and take advantage of (b − y) and m1 colors for which there is a metallicity calibration presented in the literature.
Results. The spatial metallicity and age distributions of clusters across the SMC are investigated using the results obtained by Strömgren photometry. We confirm earlier observations that younger, more metal-rich star clusters are concentrated in the central regions of the galaxy, while older, more metal-poor clusters are located farther from the SMC center. We construct the age–metallicity relation for the studied clusters and find good agreement with theoretical models of chemical enrichment, and with other literature age and metallicity values for those clusters. We also provide the mean metallicities for old and young populations of the field stars surrounding the clusters, and find the latter to be in good agreement with recent studies of the SMC Cepheid population. Finally, the Strömgren photometry obtained for this study is made publicly available.