bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early time data processing in shallow AEM exploration
Authors: Jing Chunyang , Zhu Kaiguang , Peng Cong , Fan Tianjiao , Yang Yang , Liu Donglai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
For shallow exploration, high-frequency pseudo-random binary sequence is used in the time-domain airborne electromagnetic system. This system is working in the on-time and the earth response could be derived from system identification, which is different from the previous time-domain electromagnetic systems. The early time data is crucial for obtaining a detailed resolution. It could be severely disturbed by the primary field, the receiver response and noise. Here we present an approach for removing the primary field by matching subtraction in transformation of correlation calculation. The noise is suppressed as not correlated with the pseudo-random binary sequence. This approach is proved efficient by applying to simulation data based on forward modeling. The receiver influence is analyzed through the response of the equivalent electronic circuit. The 1D inversion results indicate that critical damping state and high cut-off frequency could reduce the adverse effect on the resolution of shallow exploration.
A New Improved Algorithm for Aeromagnetic Compensation
Authors: Zhao Xiao , Yu Ping , Jiao Jian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Magnetic compensation is a necessary step in aeromagnetic data processing. The aeromagnetic compensation model is a linear regression model, but the model has multiple collinearity problems, which will reduce the performance of the compensation model. In view of this problem, we propose a deep autoencoder (DAE) aeromagnetic compensation algorithm. The DAE network extracts the features of the data by learning the compressed representation of the coefficient matrix, thereby weakening the correlation between the coefficient matrix variables. The feature obtained after dimension reduction is used for compensation calculation. The DAE algorithm is verified by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, and the results show that the compensation quality of the DAE is better than the least squares algorithm.
A Comparison of Different Divergence-free Solutions for 3D Anisotropic CSEM Modeling Using Staggered Finite Difference Method
Authors: Li Jian , Liu Jianxin , Guo Rongwen , Liu Rong , Wang Xulong , Wang Yongfei , Chen Hang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a staggered finite difference (FD) method for numerical modeling of 3D controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) data in an anisotropic conductive medium. The traditional Krylov subspace methods may not be convergence for EM modeling in strong electrical anisotropy due to the variation of the conductivity in the sea-bottom sediments over a range of frequencies (0.1-10 HZ). The algorithm is based on a modified version of the curl-curl equations with scaled grad-div operator (CCGD) in frequency domain. In this approach, we integrate the divergence correction term in the original system with its importance controlled by scaling factors (the same values as model resistivities are used in this paper) and avoid the application of the iterative divergence correction. The corresponding responses calculated by the CCGD and the traditional CC-DC approach for the VTI ocean canonical reservoir model are nearly identical. Then based on the case, we examine the numerical performance of the CCGD approach, and compare it with the CC-DC in terms of computing time and iteration number. The results indicate that the proposed CCGD approach is efficient and stable over different frequencies.
An optimal method for a staggered-grid finite-difference solution of elastic wave equations including rotational deformation
Authors: Wang Zhiyang , Bai Wenlei , Li Youming , Liu Hong , Chen Chaopu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The staggered-grid finite-difference (SGFD) method is one of the most popular means used in seismic numerical modelling because of its computational efficiency and it is easy to implement. However, it will lead to serious numerical errors while using coarse grids or wavelet with high-frequency. In this work, we proposed an optimal spatial SGFD method based on a new improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Then the dispersion of numerical solution of the first-order spatial derivatives is analyzed. Meanwhile, numerical modelling of elastic wave equations and elastic wave equations including rotational deformation are performed with the optimal spatial SGFD method based on the improved PSO algorithm. Numerical dispersion analysis and numerical modeling results indicate that the optimal spatial SGFD method based on the improved PSO algorithm has high modeling accuracy and can efficiently suppress the numerical dispersion.
Spectral Clustering Analysis of High-speed Train Seismic Events and 4D Ground Frequency Map
Authors: Jiang Yiran , Bao Tiezhao , Ning Jieyuan , Zhang Xianbing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Employing a temporary array under a high-speed railway viaduct deployed by Peking University, we observe how the spectral characteristics vary with changes of the speed and the model of the train as well as the rail and groundsill by using the clustering algorithm K-Means. For a train in uniform motion, the spectrum of high-speed rail seismic wave is mainly composed of nearly equally spaced peaks and its fundamental frequency is equal to the ratio of the train speed to the carriage length. We reduce the influence from the train speed by aligning the fundamental frequency to make the spectrum pattern clear and easy for comparison. Clustering results show that the spectra of the high-speed rail seismic events have stable patterns under the same train model, rail and groundsill conditions; the stable spectrum patterns change significantly with the changes of the train model, rail and groundsill conditions; monitoring the stable spectral characteristics might be used in safety control of high-speed rail. We apply the clustering method on all the stations of the array. In order to obtain spectra with higher signal to noise ratio at farther stations, we consider the variation of train type and stack the spectrums of three components of high-speed rail seismic signal produced by trains of the same type on the same station. Using the clustering algorithm, we get the regular pattern of how the three component spectra vary with the train type and station position. Based on the above research on the characteristics of high-speed rail seismic spectra and their variation, we propose the concept of 4D ground-frequency map, and discuss its practicability in monitoring the status of high-speed rail and its surrounding media.
Electrochemical self-assembly of bunch-shaped ZnO nanowire without catalysts
Authors: Chuah L S , Shafiee Haron M F , Yusof Y 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There are many types of metal oxide nanostructure and one of them is zinc oxide (ZnO). Despite of vast field of application for this material, the fabrication process of nanostructure (ZnO) is rather costly or complicated due to exotic equipment or reagent required. To the leading of our understanding, there are no details about synthesizing the bunch-shaped ZnO nanowire patterns on silicon substrate. A series based on aqueous medium composition: (x) Zn (NO3)2 + 0.1 NaOH, where 0.005 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.2 mol% is prepared using chemical bath method. The distribution and size of ZnO nanostructure was determined using FESEM spectroscopy. Meanwhile, EDX spectra show the presence of ZnO nanostructures in all samples. These researches generate new knowledge on embodiment of ZnO nanostructures on silicon thin film which may useful for finding material with high optical quality for diverse application in photonic devices.
Neural Networks Algorithm for Arabic Language Features-Based Text Mining
Authors: Alrufaye Faiez Musa L , Mhaibes Hakeem Imad , Neamah Ali F 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Text mining aims to understand texts correctly by utilising several phases to collect those features of Arabic words which are valuable and important to the applications mentioned above in making a correct decision. The technology then builds a strong system that relies on AI techniques, such as neural networks, to collect words in accordance with those features. An ANN is a collection of connected nodes called artificial neurons, which loosely model the neurons in a biological brain. Each connection, like the synapses in a biological brain, can transmit a signal to other neurons. An artificial neuron is one that receives a signal then processes it and can signal to neurons connected to it. The current study is concerned with building a system for analysing words in the Arabic language. This system can be included in any application to address the Arabic language, becoming part of it. The system generates strings for all names and pronouns appearing in the entered text and depends mainly on the automatic assembly of a set features by using neural networks. We implemented the system, with its two phases, on the documents in succession. The results were encouraging, ranging between 83% and 96%.
Descriptive Analysis on Products/Services demand and Market conspectus: A quantitative approach
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed Afaounodden , Azhakath Adresya Suresh , Muthalagu Raja 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The research conducted in this paper consists of finding out the shortcomings of Efficient Market Hypothesis as it is purely based on if information is immediately priced in the Trading markets. Efficient market hypothesis(EMH) also suggests that it is not possible for someone to give more returns than the market in long term, Which has been disproven in this research using multiple criteria decision making and taking the companies with Good Debt to Market cap ratio and check their aggregated outcome over a long period of time and the rate of return came out to be significantly higher than the growth in the market. One of the main assumptions of EMH also happens to be that fundamental analysis does not affect stock market or stock indexes but its proven to be false as in long term if indexes are selected based on good criterias. Efficient market hypothesis says that stock prices depend on news and the news of the next day is by default unpredictable, but it doesn't take into account the fact that not everyone interprets the news in the same way and even if they do they don't process the information on the same intensity.
Design, simulation and analysis of monofacial solar pv panel based energy system for university residence: a case study
Authors: Mehadi Abdullah Al , Chowdhury Misbahul Alam , Nishat Mirza Muntasir , Faisal Fahim , Islam Md Minhajul 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes a design and software simulation of monofacial solar photovoltaic panel based energy harvesting system for university residence. As the site of the proposed system, the rooftop of North Hall of Residence of the Islamic University of Technology (IUT) is considered. The 3D model of the system is demonstrated by utilizing PVSOL software. The monthly energy production is obtained by performing the simulation in three software named PVSOL, PVsyst, and System Advisor Model (SAM). However, the monthly consumption of the residence is tabulated and graphical presentation is depicted. Hence, the energy flow diagram is illustrated showing that the proposed PV system can contribute 18.4% in the annual demand of the site. The performance of each of the software is evaluated and deviation analysis is performed so that more insight can be achieved in terms of harvesting solar energy. Hence, a cost-effective and self-reliant solar energy model for the rooftop of a university residence is proposed by utilizing monofacial solar PV panels.
A study on sodium - the fast breeder reactor coolant
Authors: Rajan K K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Sodium, the second alkali metal in the first group of periodic table is highly chemically reactive. Sodium is widely used in pharmaceutical industries to manufacture lifesaving medicines. Liquid sodium is an excellent reducing agent and heat transport medium, which makes it an important industrial material. The application of this element in liquid form at high temperature as a coolant in fast breeder nuclear reactors necessitated development of sodium technology. Physical, chemical and nuclear properties of sodium led to the choice of sodium as the universally accepted fast breeder reactor (FBR) coolant. The manufacturing of sodium is by electrolysis process. The design and manufacturing requirements of high temperature liquid sodium system components are successfully addressed. Special type of sensors needed for high temperature liquid sodium system are specifically designed and developed. Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam is involved in the development of sodium technology in India. Sodium technology is matured to an extent and around twenty FBRs with sodium as the coolant were constructed, commissioned and successfully operated all over the world. Five sodium cooled fast reactors are currently in operation including fast breeder test reactor (FBTR) in India. Prototype fast breeder reactor (PFBR) is in the advanced stage of commissioning at Kalpakkam. This review paper explains the choice of sodium as FBR coolant and gives highlights on the research and development took place in sodium technology all over the world especially in India with an aim to give an exposure to this technology to the academic community.
A bibliometric analysis on path planning methods for mobile robots published in scientific citation index-expanded indexed journals between 2000-2020
Authors: Muhammad Aisha , Ali Mohammed AH , Shanono Ibrahim Haruna 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Robots are currently replacing humans in different tasks in various sectors. Among the vital features desirable in autonomous robots is the capability of navigating safely through a given environment. Robot navigation is a process designed with the ability of avoiding any hitches or obstacles while aiming at a specific predefined position. Many studies have been proposed to find solutions to robot path-planning problems. This paper presents a bibliometric analysis of the relevant publications published from 2000 to 2020. The results show that 5385 articles were published in 1128 journals, hence indicating publication diversity. There is a steady rise in the yearly publication output, reflecting an increase in global research interest in the topic. In general, this research provides useful insight into path-planning research so that researchers in this area can better recognize the relevant research study topics and search for the appropriate research partners.
Tuning and experimental assessment of second-order generalized integrator –frequency locked loop grid synchronization for single-phase grid assisted system
Authors: Brahmbhatt Bhavik , Chandwani Dr. Hina 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The phase-locked loop (PLL) is an essential part of the grid-tied system to synchronize control of converter with grid voltage, particularly affects the converter stability as well as performance under weak grid conditions. During abnormality in a grid, its bandwidth ought to be a11dequately brought down to achieve appropriate disturbance rejection capability with a compromise to slower detection speed. The researchers have done intended work in advanced PLLs to improve phase-angle detection speed by modifying the pre/in-loop filtering stage. A most concerning challenge with the PLLs is the means by which to additionally provide superior dynamic performance and reduced settling time without bargaining stability of system along with the capability of disturbance elimination To overcome this challenge, this paper describes the second-order generalized integrator (SOGI-Frequency Look loop (FLL) which offers filtering capability like band-pass filter, low-pass filter, and notch filter for adaptive frequency tuning as well as an orthogonal signal generation for the grid-tied photovoltaic inverter. The impact of control parameters on their dynamic performance in SOGI-FLL is tabulated from a step response of frequency estimation by taking a frequncy shift. Furthermore, Low-cost DSP based STM32F407VGT the microcontroller is employed to implement a SOGI-FLL to test under adverse grid conditions using Waijung Block-set of SIMULINK/MATLAB. The experimental results of SOGI-FLL have proven superior dynamic performance over type-2 PLLs by choosing the appropriate value of the control parameter of SOGI-FLL.
A review on training and leadership development: its effectiveness for enhancing employee performance in Indian construction industry
Authors: Misra Pramod Kumar , Mohanty Jitendra 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The second largest contributor to Indian GDP is the construction industry. It is the largest employing industry having huge economic potential which was valued over $126 billion in 2016 and it continues on a steady growth path. It is expected that the value of the real estate and construction market will increase seven-fold by 2028. Growth is likely to be underpinned by stable government support for infrastructure development, as well as through expanded private sector involvement. However, the industry suffers from inefficiencies that result in time and cost overrun in their projects. Some of the potential causes of inefficiencies originate from the underdeveloped labour market and poor organizational structures that operate in the industry. An exhaustive list of factors found to drive the industry to its inefficient operation resulting invariably to failures. If we put all these factors in one basket, they reduce to one single word; “lack of training of workforce and poor management”, whether it refers to the skilled, semi-skilled or unskilled labour force and/or the poor project management from the organizational side of the project. The present study extensively reviews problems of construction company that originate from the labour market.
Production of high strength bioliquid from municipal solid waste (MSW) using mixed culture
Authors: Zainol N , Sidek N S M , Ya’acob A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Landfilling is one of the most commonly used methods of municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal. It is necessary because there are residues in all waste management processes that cannot be reused or recovered further and are essentially landfilled. For the degradation of MSW, thermal, mechanical and biological pretreatment techniques are used. MSW could be treated and converted into liquid biomass (bioliquid) by using enzymes. This research focused on the production of high strength bioliquid in MSW. The experiments were conducted in three stages namely: acclimatization process, preliminary study and factorial analysis to determine the production of high strength bioliquid in MSW. The selected factors were ratio of AMC and substrates (1:2 and 1:5), temperature (room temperature and 37 °C), pH (adjusted pH and no pH adjustment), PET plastics size (1cm2 and 4cm2) and Hydraulic Retention Time (3 hours and 9 hours). Design Expert software (Version 7) was used to construct an experimental table where all the factors were randomized. Two-level factorial analysis (TLFA) was used to analyze the most contributing factor and interaction between the factors. The results showed that the most significant factor was temperature, while the interaction factors were between temperature and HRT. The best conditions of COD increment were determined at AMC/S ratio 1:5, adjusted pH, PET plastics size of 1cm x 1cm, at room temperature and HRT of 3 hours. The experimental and targeted final increments of COD were 2.19 and 1.99 respectively. Since the error was less than 10%, it is acceptable, and the objectives of this research were successfully achieved.
Cosmic acceleration in LRS bianchi type I space- time with bulk viscosity in general relativity
Authors: Sharma Sanjay , Poonia Laxmi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In present paper our intention to construct a locally rotational symmetric bianchi type I space time under framework of massless scalar field have flat potential. In existence of bulk viscosity the developed model provides inflationary solutions. The System of nonlinear Einstein field equations are solved by using suitable condition V(φ) = K (constant) and the bulk viscosity coefficient is inversely proportional to scalar of expansion i.e. ξθ = α yields the negative deceleration parameter, which favorable to cosmic accelerating universe in current scenario. The model isotropize at particular cases. The Proper volume for model increase with time represents eternal inflation of present universe. The physical and structural aspects of model are discussed in significantly manner.
Comparison of reducing agent for reduced graphene oxide as cathode for zinc-ion hybrid capacitors
Authors: Prasertkaew S , Dejthammathorn T , Pattananuwat P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The comparative study of using the different reduced graphene oxide sources, obtained from thiourea and 1-ascorbic acid as reducing agent, for zinc cathode capacitors is investigated. The chemical structure and the surface morphology of both reduced graphene oxide samples are examined by infrared spectrum and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Serving as cathode for zinc-ion hybrid capacitors, the as-prepared reduced graphene from 1-ascorbic acid reveals the better the specific discharge capacity (41.50 mAh g-1) than that of the obtained from thiourea (40.78 mAh g-1). The cycle stability of zinc-ion hybrid capacitors coin cell in 2M ZnSO4 electrolyte is examined by multi-cycles of GCD at 0.1 A g-1, demonstrating that rGO obtained from 1-ascorbic acid can endow the retention up to 72.8% after 200 cycles, while rGO obtained from thiourea is remained at 63.1%.
Simulation and experimental validation of hysteresis current control technique for speed control of brushless DC motor
Authors: Patel Hetal , Chandwani Hina 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Brushless DC Motors (BLDC) are finding wide applications in household appliances and electrical vehicles. Microcontroller are widely used for controlling the BLDC motors however the realization of BLDC drive requires expertise in microcontroller programming. In this paper modelling, simulation and easy hardware implementation of BLDC motor having shaft encoder using STM32F4 series ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller is demonstrated. A simple method of controlling the BLDC motor in closed loop, using a hysteresis current controller is implemented. The hall sensors are used to find the exact rotor position for the electronic commutation and the encoder is used to measure actual motor speed. The closed loop operation consists of an inner loop which is hysteresis current controller. The gate pulses for the three phase inverter bridge are produced by comparing the actual currents with the reference currents. The outer speed loop consists of a PI controller which compares the actual speed with the reference speed to obtain smooth speed control under varied load condition. The complete hardware circuits and MATLAB/Simulink environment blocks for programming are discussed in detail. The hardware results demonstrate the easy and accurate realisation of closed loop speed control of BLDC Motor.