bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effects of bast fiber seedling film and nano-silicon fertilizer to increase the lodging resistance and yield of rice
Authors: Gong Diankai , Zhang Xue , Yao JiPan , Dai Guijin , Yu Guangxing , Zhu Qian , Gao Qi , Zheng Wenjing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe use of bast fiber film can improve rice seedling quality, and nano-silicon fertilizer can increase rice yields. This study aimed to compare the effects of using bast fiber film, nano-silicon fertilizer, and both treatments on rice yield and lodging resistance. A 2-year field experiment was conducted in 2017 and 2018, in Liaoning, China. The experiment comprised a control (no-bast fiber film, no nano-silicon fertilizer; CK), and three treatments: seedlings cultivated with bast film (FM), single nano-silicon fertilization (SF), and bast fiber film seedlings + nano-silicon fertilization (FM + SF). The japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar Liaojing 371 was used. Compared with the plants in CK, those in the FM treatment showed greater average root diameter, root volume and root dry weight. The SF treatment increased the single stem flexural strength, increased the contents of silicon, lignin, and cellulose in the rice plant stalk, and reduced the lodging index, thereby increasing lodging resistance. The SF treatment resulted in increased leaf chlorophyll content at late growth stage and a higher net photosynthetic rate, which increased plant dry matter accumulation. In the FM + SF treatment, plant growth was enhanced during the whole growth period, which resulted in an increased number of effective panicles and an increased grain yield. The results show that the combination of FM and SF synergistically improves rice lodging resistance and grain yield. This low-cost, high-efficiency system is of great significance for improving the stability and lodging resistance of rice plants, thereby increasing yields.
Menstrual flow as a non-invasive source of endometrial organoids
Authors: Cindrova-Davies Tereza , Zhao Xiaohui , Elder Kay , Jones Carolyn J. P. , Moffett Ashley , Burton Graham J. , Turco Margherita Y. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAssessment of the endometrium often necessitates a biopsy, which currently involves an invasive, transcervical procedure. Here, we present an alternative technique based on deriving organoids from menstrual flow. We demonstrate that organoids can be derived from gland fragments recovered from menstrual flow. To confirm they faithfully reflect the in vivo state we compared organoids derived from paired scratch biopsies and ensuing menstrual flow from patients undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF). We demonstrate that the two sets of organoids share the same transcriptome signature, derivation efficiency and proliferation rate. Furthermore, they respond similarly to sex steroids and early-pregnancy hormones, with changes in morphology, receptor expression, and production of ‘uterine milk’ proteins that mimic those during the late-secretory phase and early pregnancy. This technique has wide-ranging impact for non-invasive investigation and personalised approaches to treatment of common gynaecological conditions, such as endometriosis, and reproductive disorders, including failed implantation after IVF and recurrent miscarriage.
Cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction: is endothelial dysfunction at the heart of the matter?
Authors: Ching Crizza , Gustafson Dakota , Thavendiranathan Paaladinesh , Fish Jason E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Significant improvements in cancer survival have brought to light unintended long-term adverse cardiovascular effects associated with cancer treatment. Although capable of manifesting a broad range of cardiovascular complications, cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) remains particularly common among the mainstay anthracycline-based and human epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapies. Unfortunately, the early asymptomatic stages of CTRCD are difficult to detect by cardiac imaging alone, and the initiating mechanisms remain incompletely understood. More recently, circulating inflammatory markers, cardiac biomarkers, microRNAs, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been considered as early markers of cardiovascular injury. Concomitantly, the role of the endothelium in regulating cardiac function in the context of CTRCD is starting to be understood. In this review, we highlight the impact of breast cancer therapies on the cardiovascular system with a focus on the endothelium, and examine the status of circulating biomarkers, including inflammatory markers, cardiac biomarkers, microRNAs, and endothelial cell-derived EVs. Investigation of these emerging biomarkers may uncover mechanisms of injury, detect early stages of cardiovascular damage, and elucidate novel therapeutic approaches.
Oligodendrocytes in the aging brain
Authors: Sams Eleanor Catherine 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
More than half of the human brain volume is made up of white matter: regions where axons are coated in myelin, which primarily functions to increase the conduction speed of axon potentials. White matter volume significantly decreases with age, correlating with cognitive decline. Much research in the field of non-pathological brain aging mechanisms has taken a neuron-centric approach, with relatively little attention paid to other neural cells. This review discusses white matter changes, with focus on oligodendrocyte lineage cells and their ability to produce and maintain myelin to support normal brain homoeostasis. Improved understanding of intrinsic cellular changes, general senescence mechanisms, intercellular interactions and alterations in extracellular environment which occur with aging and impact oligodendrocyte cells is paramount. This may lead to strategies to support oligodendrocytes in aging, for example by supporting myelin synthesis, protecting against oxidative stress and promoting the rejuvenation of the intrinsic regenerative potential of progenitor cells. Ultimately, this will enable the protection of white matter integrity thus protecting cognitive function into the later years of life.
Clinical Study of the Effectiveness of Constant Therapy in the Treatment of Clients With Dementia: Implications for Telepractice
Authors: Edgar Debra L. , Bargmann Peggy L. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this clinical focus article was to advance interventions for person living with dementia by exploring the implications of integrating technology through telepractice to strengthen memory in clients with dementia. This study focused on individualized treatment plans using the software Constant Therapy (CT) for clients with dementia.

Method
This study utilizes an exploratory research design with nonprobability sampling of existing data analyzing the frequency, duration, and percent correct of CT exercises completed from two case studies of persons living with dementia. This study received exempt status for institutional review board approval from the Florida Department of Health, since it is secondary research. One participant had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, and the other participant had vascular dementia. Both clients utilized CT as part of the clinical services provided by the University of Central Florida's Communication Sciences and Disorders Clinic at Brain Fitness Academy.

Results
The results of this exploratory research study indicate that both participants demonstrated an increase in percentage correct on CT exercises from baseline to current (Participant 1, 70%, and Participant 2, 50%). A substantial disparity of exercises completed confirms the necessity of an individualized treatment plan based on a specific type of dementia. Both participants demonstrated a 631% and 632% increase respectively in exercises completed at home versus in the clinic. This finding is especially significant as it relates to telepractice.

Conclusion
This study adds to the literature that clients with dementia demonstrate substantial improvement in global cognitive function when speech-language pathologists provide skilled individualized services using the digital software CT, whether in traditional or remote clinic settings.
Ka‐band coupled‐resonator bandpass filter based on printed ridge gap waveguide for millimetre‐wave application
Authors: Hu Xiaojun , Xu Feng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA low‐loss Ka‐band coupled‐resonator bandpass filter based on the printed ridge gap waveguide (PRGW) technology is presented for millimetre‐wave communication applications. The PRGW is employed to allow electromagnetic‐wave propagation in the air gap in order to avoid dielectric loss and improve transmission performance which is suitable for millimetre‐wave applications. The bandpass filter is implemented with two transmission zeros which are easily obtained by adjusting the stub length of two T‐shape stub‐loaded resonators (SLR). From its simulation frequency response, the filter has an insertion loss of 0.8 dB, a return loss less than −20 dB during the passband and high selectivity in cut‐off frequency. The prototype of the proposed filter is fabricated and tested and a good agreement can be observed between the measured and simulated results.
Tensor dimensionality reduction via mode product and HSIC
Authors: Niu Guo , Ma Zhengming 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTensor dimensionality reduction (TDR) is a hot research topic in machine learning, which learns data representations by preserving the original data structure while avoiding convert samples into vectors and solving the problem of the curse of dimensionality of tensor data. In the work, a novel TDR approach based on mode product and Hilbert–Schmidt Independence criterion (HSIC) is proposed. The contributions of authors' work is described as following: (1) HSIC measures the statistical correlation of two random variables. However, instead of measuring the statistical correlation of two random variables directly, HSIC first transforms the two random variables into two reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHSs), and then measures the statistical correlation of transformed random variables by using Hilbert–Schmidt operators between the two RKHSs. The exploitation of RKHS increases the flexibility and applicability of HSIC. Although HSIC is widely used in machine learning, the authors have not seen its application to dimensionality reduction (DR)(except for authors' previous work). (2) A novel HSIC‐based TDR approach is proposed, which first applies HSIC to capture statistical information of tensor data set for DR. The authors give the mathematical derivation of HSIC for tensor data and establish a framework of TDR based on HSIC, named HSIC‐TDR for short, which aims to improve the DR results of tensor by exploring and preserving the statistical information of original data set. (3) Furthermore, to solve the out‐of‐sample problem, the authors learn an explicit expression between the dimensionality‐reduced tensors and the higher‐dimensional tensors by introducing mode product to HSIC‐TDR. The experimental results between the proposed method and other state‐of‐the‐art algorithm on various datasets demonstrate the well performance of the proposed method.
A novel doubly‐fed doubly‐salient machine with DC‐saturation‐relieving structure for wind power generation
Authors: Jiang Jifu , Zhang Xiaodong , Niu Shuangxia , Zhao Xing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a novel doubly‐fed doubly‐salient machine (DF‐DSM) with DC‐saturation‐relieving effect for wind power generation application, which possesses the advantages of enhanced torque density, reduced torque ripple and improved power density. The key is that PMs are introduced into the stator slot openings to mitigate the saturation effect in stator core caused by DC field excitation, and relatively large excitation current can be fed into stator field windings, which contributes to improved power density of machine. In addition, with the armature winding artificially connected, the reluctance of all magnetic paths is kept the same, and the variation of self‐inductance is compensated, and the torque ripple is greatly suppressed. In this paper, the machine structure and DC‐saturation‐relieving working principle are introduced. The slot‐pole combinations are analysed, and dimension parameters are optimized. By using time‐stepping finite‐element analysis, the electromagnetic performance of optimal machine is evaluated which verifies the validity of the proposed design.
Zusammenhang zwischen dem Lesen nicht-medizinischer Bücher mit Burnout und beruflicher Zufriedenheit bei Urologen mit Migrationshintergrund – Ergebnisse einer Fragebogenstudie an deutschen Kliniken
Authors: May Matthias , Shaar Mohammad , Gumz Antje , Shaar Atef , Necknig Ulrike Hendrika , Braun Kay-Patrick , Deutsch Sebastian , Lebentrau Steffen 
Published: June 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Es liegen aktuell keine Studienergebnisse zur privaten und beruflichen Zufriedenheit sowie zum Burnout-Risiko von Urologe*innen mit Migrationshintergrund an deutschen Kliniken vor. Der Einfluss des Lesens nicht-medizinischer Bücher auf geringere Burnout-Raten bei Ärzte*innen verschiedener Fachrichtungen wurde beschrieben.
Material und Methoden Ein Survey-Monkey mit 101 Items zu charakterisierenden Kriterien des Studienteilnehmers, Fragen zur privaten und beruflichen Zufriedenheit und dem vollständigen Maslach-Burnout-Inventary wurde zwischen August und Oktober 2020 für Urologe*innen mit Migrationshintergrund an deutschen Kliniken geöffnet. Der Einfluss des Lesens nicht-medizinischer Bücher auf berufliche Zufriedenheit und Burnout wurde vergleichend untersucht (Gruppe A: ≤1 Buch/12 Monate versus Gruppe B: ≥2 Bücher/12 Monate).
Ergebnisse 81 Studienteilnehmer konnten eingeschlossen werden, die
nahezu paritätisch in den Gruppen A (49,4%) und B (50,6%) verteilt waren. In mehreren
Items der privaten und beruflichen Zufriedenheit bestand eine signifikant höhere
Zufriedenheit in der Gruppe B. In den Burnout-Dimensionen emotionale Erschöpfung (EE),
Depersonalisation (DP) und Verringerung der persönlichen Leistungsfähigkeit (VL) lag bei
27,9%, 35,3% bzw. 73,5% der Studienteilnehmer ein hohes Burnout-Risiko vor. Im
Gruppenvergleich bestanden in der VL-Dimension signifikante Vorteile für die Gruppe B
sowohl im Summenscore (p=,001) als auch im kategorialen
Vergleich (p=,002). Studienteilnehmer der Gruppe B wiesen im
Vergleich zur Gruppe A ebenfalls einen signifikant geringeren Summenscore der
DP-Dimension auf (p=,047). Es bestanden unabhängige
Zusammenhänge zwischen der Gruppenvariable mit einem kombinierten Score aus EE und DP
einerseits (OR 0,316; p=,031) und mit der VL-Dimension
andererseits (OR 0,170; p=,024).
Schlussfolgerungen Das Lesen nicht-medizinischer Bücher war bei Urologe*innen mit Migrationshintergrund an deutschen Kliniken mit höherer beruflicher Zufriedenheit und geringerem Burnout-Risiko assoziiert.
Fluoroscopy-guided shaped endobiliary biopsy at endoscopic retrograde cholangiography can accurately diagnose biliary neoplasia: Results from a large cohort
Authors: Wang Bao-can , Wang Kelly K. , Paul Navin , Jayaraman Vijay , Wang Qiang , Abboud Yazan , Jamil Laith H. , Gaddam Srinivas , Lo Simon K. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims The sensitivity of using standard endobiliary forceps biopsy to diagnose neoplastic biliary lesions remains low. We have developed a unique biopsy approach, termed fluoroscopy-guided, shaped endobiliary biopsy (FSEB), in which the biopsy forceps are modified to improve diagnostic yield. In this study, we evaluate the diagnostic characteristics of FSEB for endobiliary lesions at endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC).
Patients and methods Consecutive patients undergoing FSEB between 1/2001 and 12/2014 were retrospectively enrolled. The identification of neoplastic lesions with FSEB, was the primary endpoint. The gold standard of neoplasia was histopathology, cytology or surgical histopathology. The benign cases were followed up for one year.
Results A total of 204 patients undergoing 250 biopsy sessions by FSEB were analyzed. Per-patient analysis was performed and FSEB showed 81.1 % sensitivity and 88.2 % accuracy. FSEB detection of proximal biliary lesions was more sensitive (91.1 % vs 73.2 %, P < 0.01) and accurate (94.9 % vs 82.2 %, P < 0.01) compared to distal lesions. No complications from FSEB were reported.
Conclusions FSEB shows high accuracy for diagnosis of neoplasia in biliary strictures, especially for proximal lesions. Future prospective randomized controlled studies are merited to further validate the role of FSEB as the first-line sampling tool for evaluation of biliary neoplasm.
The pocket-creation method facilitates endoscopic submucosal dissection of gastric neoplasms involving the pyloric ring
Authors: Kitamura Masafumi , Miura Yoshimasa , Shinozaki Satoshi , Sakamoto Hirotsugu , Hayashi Yoshikazu , Sakaguchi Mio , Fukushima Noriyoshi , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Yamamoto Hironori 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of superficial gastric lesions involving the pyloric ring is difficult. The pocket-creation method (PCM) with a small-caliber-tip transparent hood can overcome this difficulty by compressing the pyloric sphincter applying both traction and counter-traction. The aim of this study is to clarify the usefulness of the PCM for ESD of superficial gastric neoplasms involving the pyloric ring compared to the conventional method (CM).
Patients and methods From October 2006 to August 2019, 66 gastric lesions requiring duodenal submucosal dissection beyond the pyloric ring in 66 patients were resected. The CM was mainly performed in the first period (CM group, n = 46) and the PCM in the second period (PCM group, n = 20). We retrospectively reviewed their medical records.
Results Although no significant differences were observed in en bloc resection rates between the two groups, the PCM group had a significantly higher R0 resection rate than the CM group (P = 0.047). There were no holes in resected specimens in the PCM group while three specimens in the CM group had a hole. The dissection speed in the PCM group tended to be higher than in the CM group, although it did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.148). No significant differences were observed for the incidence of adverse events.
Conclusions This is the first study reporting the advantages of the PCM over the CM for ESD of gastric lesions involving the pyloric ring. We believe that the PCM is an effective strategy to compress the pyloric sphincter and facilitates R0 resection.
Association of Thrombin-Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor with Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Yıldız Abdulkerim , Katar Didem , Soydaş Ayşe Özden , Albayrak Murat 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) inhibits fibrinolysis and high levels may have an association with thrombosis. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association of TAFI antigen levels with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).
Patients and Methods A case–control study was conducted with 29 patients with PTE and 17 age- and gender-matched control individuals. Plasma levels of TAFI were measured at the time of diagnosis, then at 3 and 6 months after the event.
Results Initial TAFI levels (%) were higher in patients with PTE than in the control group (190,0 [65,0–250,0] vs 133,0 [83,0–153,0]; p = 0.003). TAFI levels significantly decreased at the third and sixth months after initial diagnosis (p < 0.05). The percentage reductions in TAFI levels were 12 and 36.8% at 3 and 6 months, respectively. The Odss ratio (OR) of TAFI level for PTE was found to be 1.024 (95% CI: 1.007–1.040; p = 0.005). There was no significant correlation of initial TAFI levels with age, gender, smoking status, history of thrombosis, pulmonary artery pressure, and D-dimer levels (p > 0.05). In the sixth month of treatment, patients with residual thrombosis were seen to have similar baseline levels and reductions of TAFI as patients without residual thrombosis (p > 0.05).
Conclusion The result of this study suggests that high TAFI levels may have a role in the occurrence of PTE without impact on treatment outcome.
Efficacy of a small-caliber colonoscope for pain in female patients during unsedated colonoscopy: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Hamada Yasuhiko , Tanaka Kyosuke , Katsurahara Masaki , Horiki Noriyuki , Yamada Reiko , Tsuboi Junya , Nakamura Misaki , Tamaru Satoshi , Yamada Tomomi , Takei Yoshiyuki 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Female sex has been identified as a factor increasing patients’ pain during colonoscopy. The aim of this randomized controlled study was to investigate the efficacy of a small-caliber colonoscope, PCF-PQ260 L, for limiting pain in women during unsedated colonoscopy.
Patients and methods Women who underwent unsedated colonoscopy were randomly allocated to either the small-caliber or standard colonoscope group. The primary outcome was overall pain and secondary outcomes were maximum pain and procedural measures. In addition, the effects of colonoscope type were analysed using analysis of covariance and logistic regression with adjustment for stratification factors, age and prior abdomino-pelvic surgery.
Results A total of 220 women were randomly assigned to the small-caliber (n = 110) or standard (n = 110) colonoscope groups. Overall and maximum pain scores were significantly lower in the small-caliber colonoscope group than the standard colonoscope group (overall pain, 20.0 vs. 32.4, P < 0.0001; maximum pain, 28.9 vs. 47.2, P < 0.0001). The small-caliber colonoscope group achieved a superior cecal intubation rate (99 % vs. 93 %, P = 0.035). The rate of patient acceptance of unsedated colonoscopy in the future was higher in the small-caliber colonoscope group than in the standard colonoscope group (98 % vs. 87 %, P = 0.003). In addition, the small-caliber colonoscope was superior with respect to reducing pain and improving the rate of patient acceptance of unsedated colonoscopy with adjustment.
Conclusions This study demonstrates the efficacy of the small-caliber colonoscope for reducing pain in women and improving their rate of acceptance of unsedated colonoscopy.