bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FKBP51 Modulates Hippocampal Size and Function in Post-translational Regulation of Parkin
Authors: Qiu Bin , Zhong Zhaohui , Righter Shawn , Xu Yuxue , Wang Jun , Deng Ran , Wang Chao , Williams Kent E , Ma Yao-Ying , Tsechpenakis Gavriil , Liang Tiebing , Yong Weidong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
FK506-binding protein 51 (encoded by Fkpb51) has been associated with stress-related mental illness. To identify its function, we studied the morphological consequences of Fkbp51 deletion. Artificial Intelligence-assist morphological analysis identified that Fkbp51 knock-out (KO) mice possess more elongated CA and DG but shorter in height in coronal section when compared to WT. Primary cultured Fkbp51 KO hippocampal neurons were shown to exhibit larger dendritic outgrowth than wild-type (WT) controls, pharmacological manipulation experiments suggest that this may occur through regulation of microtubule-associated protein. Both in vitro primary culture and in vivo labeling support that FKBP51 regulates microtubule-associated protein expression. Furthermore, in the absence of differences in mRNA expression, Fkbp51 KO hippocampus exhibited decreases in βIII-tubulin, MAP2, and Tau protein levels, but a greater than 2.5-fold increase in Parkin protein. Overexpression and knock-down FKBP51 demonstrated that FKBP51 negatively regulates Parkin in a dose-dependent and ubiquitin-mediated manner. These results indicate a potential novel post-translational regulatory of Parkin by FKBP51 and significance of their interaction on disease onset.
Fabrication of Flexible Agnws/Cellulose Hybrid Film with Heat Preservation and Antibacterial Properties for Agriculture Application
Authors: Chen Yu , Yang Shuanghong , Qiu Zhiwei , Li Yuqi , Qiu Fengxian , Zhang Tao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the view of sustainable development and environment protection, degradable agricultural films with on-demand thermal insulation properties have attracted growing research interest in the last few decades due to the deteriorating environment and extreme climate on the growth and existence of crops. Here, a general strategy has been developed to fabricate degradable silver nanowires modified cellulose (AgNWs/cellulose) hybrid film with controllable thermal insulation and antibacterial properties by using plant cellulose and AgNWs as building blocks, as well as their agriculture application. The results showed that the AgNWs were evenly dispersed in the three-dimensional grid of cellulose, formed a film that could withstand a certain tensile force, and have good thermal stability. Due to the excellent electrical conductivity, the AgNWs/cellulose hybrid films can provide excellent Joule heating, generating rapid thermal response and uniform electrical heating at a low supply voltage of 3 V for extra warmth. In the antibacterial tests against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, the AgNWs/cellulose hybrid film exhibit large diameters of inhibition zones, revealing the high antibacterial activity. Additionally, the AgNWs/cellulose hybrid films showed highly stretchable behavior by delivering a breaking strain of 1.5% with a tensile stress of 0.45 MPa owing to the cross-linked structures of cellulose and AgNWs. Based on the above properties, this study not only provides a potential strategy for the fabrication of flexible and biodegradable agricultural films but also may provide new insights for agricultural thermal management.
Cognitive Testing of a Survey Instrument to Assess Sexual Practices, Behaviours, and Health Outcomes: a Multi-country Study Protocol
Authors: Gonsalves Lianne , Hunter Erin C , Tucker Joseph D , Srini Megan L , Gitau Evelyn , Mercer Catherine H , Bajos Nathalie , Collins Debbie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Population level data on sexual practices, behaviours and health-related outcomes can ensure that responsive, relevant health services are available for all people of all ages. However, while billions of dollars have been invested in attempting to improve sexual and reproductive health (including HIV) outcomes, far less is understood about associated sexual practices and behaviours. Therefore, the World Health Organization embarked on a global consultative process to develop a short survey instrument to assess sexual health practices, behaviours and health outcomes. In order for the resulting draft survey instrument to be published as a ‘global’ standard instrument, it is important to first determine that the proposed measures are globally comprehensible and applicable. This paper describes a multi-country study protocol to assess the validity and comparability of the survey instrument in a number of diverse countries.Methods:This study will use cognitive interviewing, a qualitative data collection method that uses semi-structured interviews to explore how participants process and respond to survey instruments. We aim to include study sites in up to 20 countries. The study procedures consist of: 1) localizing the instrument using forward and back-translation; 2) using a series of cognitive interviews to understand how participants engage with each survey question; 3) revising the core instrument based on interview findings; and 4) conducting an optional second round of cognitive interviews. Data generated from interviews will be summarised into a predeveloped analysis matrix. The entire process (a ‘wave’ of data collection) will be completed simultaneously by 6-7 countries. This stepwise approach facilitates iterative improvements and sharing across countries. Discussion:An important output from this research will be a revised survey instrument, which when subsequently published, can contribute to improving the comparability across contexts of measures of sexual practices, behaviours and health-related outcomes. Site-specific results of the feasibility of conducting this research may help shift perceptions of who and what can be included in sexual health-related research.
Different p53 Genotypes Regulate PPARγ Post-Translational Modification in The Adipogenic Differentiation of Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhang Kexin , Zhao Qi , Li Zugui , Zhang Hao , Fu Fangmei , Fu Junjie , Zheng Minying , Zhang Shiwu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Our previous studies confirmed that high concentrations of cobalt chloride (CoCl2) can induce the formation of polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs). PGCCs have the properties of cancer stem cell. In this study, we demonstrate that PGCCs can be induced to differentiate into adipose in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the molecular mechanism of adipogenic differentiation of PGCCs with daughter cells was investigated by detecting the expression of adipocyte differentiation related proteins in mutant and wild-type p53 cancer cell lines. Methods: HEY and MDA-MB-231 control cells and PGCCs with daughter cells were cultured with adipogenic differentiation medium and the cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of adipocyte differentiation related proteins, and P300 histone acetyltransferase activity were compared before and after adipogenic differentiation. Immunoprecipitation was used to analyze the post-translational modification of peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor-γ (PPARγ) and P53 in HEY and MDA-MB-231 control cells and PGCCs with daughter cells cultured with adipogenic differentiation medium. Animal xenograft models were used to study the adipogenic differentiation of PGCCs with daughter cells.Results: Dexamethasone, rosiglitazone, insulin, and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) can force the trans-differentiation of PGCCs into post-mitotic and functional adipocytes. Activation of PPARγ is a critical step in the process of adipogenic differentiation. The expression levels of p-CREBser133, PPARγ, C/EBPα, C/EBPβ were higher in PGCCs with daughter cells after adipogenic differentiation compared with those without adipogenic differentiation in HEY and MDA-MB-231. P53 regulates the acetylation and phosphorylation of PPARγ and the expression of P300- Acetyl-PPARγ(Lys)- FABP4 and ERK- Phospho-PPARγ (Ser112)-FABP4 depended upon the genotype of p53 in HEY and MDA-MB-231 cells after cultured with adipogenic differentiation medium. The invasion and migration abilities of PGCCs with their daughter cells after adipogenic differentiation decreased compared with those cells without adipogenic differentiation.Conclusion: P300-P53-ERK-CREB-PPARγ-CEBPα/β-FABP4 pathway may participate in the adipogenic differentiation of HEY, MDA-MB-231 PGCCs with daughter cells, which associated with genotype of p53.
Observation of Multiple Charge Density Wave Phases in Epitaxial Monolayer 1T-VSe2 Film
Authors: Zong Junyu , Xie Yang , Meng Qinghao , Tian Qichao , Chen Wang , Xie Xuedong , Jin Shaoen , Zhang Yongheng , Wang Li , Ren Wei , Chen Jian , Chen Aixi , Li Fangsen , Dong Zhaoyang , Wang Can , Li Jian-Xin , Zhang Yi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As a special order of electronic correlation induced by spatial modulation, the charge density wave (CDW) phenomena in condensed matters attract enormous research interests. Here, using scanning-tunneling microscopy in various temperatures, we observe a new (2×1) CDW phase besides the (√7×√3) CDW phase in epitaxial monolayer 1T-VSe2 film. Combining the variable-temperature angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopic (ARPES) measurements, we discover an anisotropic CDW gap and a two-step transition associated with the different CDW phases, which were observed below 135 K for the (√7×√3) CDW phase and between 135 K to 330 K for the (2×1) CDW phase respectively. The (√7×√3) CDW phase results a full gap, while the (2×1) CDW phase shows highly momentum dependence and results a partial gap structure at the Fermi surface. This two-step transition with anisotropic gap opening and the resulted evolution in ARPES spectra are corroborated by our theoretical calculation based on a phenomenological form for the self-energy containing a two-gap structure. Our findings provide significant information and deep understanding on the CDW phases in monolayer 1T-VSe2 film as a 2D material.
Determination of the activation energies of phase transition for calcium orthophosphates based on powder X-ray diffraction data
Authors: Vasylenko Kateryna , Sakhno Yuriy , Jaisi Deb , Nikolenko Mykola 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Kinetic studies of the transformation of calcium orthophosphates metastable precipitates were performed under different synthesis conditions. Phase composition and degree of crystallinity were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction analysis. In acidic solution, precipitates of CaHPO4⋅2H2O (DCPD) and CaHPO4 (DCPA) are formed at the early stage of precipitation, with the degree of crystallinity at the range of 17–35%. Specifically, DCPD precipitates at 30°C and anhydrous DCPA at 50°C. In alkaline solution (pH 8–10), only amorphous forms of calcium orthophosphate is precipitated, which is explained by the high degree of supersaturation (i.e., the high rate of precipitation compared to that in acidic media). The diffraction peaks of DCPD and DCPA are found to be 0.3–0.45 degrees lower relative to their reference data, which is caused by decrease of lattice strain during early stage of crystallization. Furthermore, the initial molar ratio of Ca/P in reagent mixture was found to play subordinary role in determining the composition of final calcium phosphate precipitates. The effect of pH on the composition of precipitates is illustrated by the solubility isotherms of pure calcium orthophosphates. Given that the intensities of diffraction peaks are proportional to planar density of the material in the given plane, we propose, for the first time, to determine activation energy of phase transformation of calcium orthophosphate from X-ray powder diffraction patterns. Based on this relationship developed, the activation energy for the recrystallization DCPD and DCPA are 10.2 and 13.1 kJ/mol, respectively and for the phase transition of DCPD to DCPA – 36.7 kJ/mol. Further recrystallization to most thermodynamically stable Ca10(PO4)6(OН)2 hydroxyapatite (HA) occurs at the activation energy of 5.2 kJ/mol. These findings are critical on phase transition and transformation of calcium phosphate minerals.
Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation as Mechanical Circulatory Support in Adult Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Individual Participant Data Meta-Regression Analysis.
Authors: Ling Ryan Ruiyang , Ramanathan Kollengode , Poon Wynne Hsing , Tan Chuen Seng , Brechot Nicolas , Brodie Daniel , Combes Alain , MacLaren Graeme 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: While recommended by international societal guidelines in the paediatric population, the use of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) as mechanical circulatory support for refractory septic shock in adults is controversial. We aimed to characterise the outcomes of adults with septic shock requiring VA-ECMO, and identify factors associated with survival.Methods: We searched Pubmed, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane databases from inception until 1st April 2021, and included all relevant publications reporting on >5 adult patients requiring VA-ECMO for septic shock. Study quality and certainty in evidence were assessed using the appropriate Joanna Briggs Institute checklist, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach respectively. The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge, and secondary outcomes included intensive care unit length of stay, duration of ECMO support, complications while on ECMO, and sources of sepsis. Random-effects meta-analysis (DerSimonian and Laird) were conducted. Data synthesis: We included 14 observational studies with 468 patients in the meta-analysis. Pooled survival was 36.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] :23.6%-50.1%). Survival among patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <20% (62.0%, 95%CI: 51.6%-72.0%) was significantly higher than those with LVEF>35% (32.1%, 95%CI: 8.69%-60.7%, p=0.05). Survival reported in studies from Asia (19.5%, 95%CI: 13.0%-26.8%) was notably lower than those from Europe (61.0%, 95%CI: 48.4%-73.0%) and North America (45.5%, 95%CI: 16.7%-75.8%). Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation was associated with reduced chances of survival (Risk ratio: 0.403, 95%CI: 0.197-0.826, p=0.01). GRADE assessment indicated high certainty of evidence for pooled survival.Conclusions: When treated with VA-ECMO, the majority of patients with septic shock and severe sepsis-induced myocardial depression survive. However, VA ECMO has poor outcomes in adults with septic shock but without severe left ventricular depression. VA-ECMO may be a viable treatment option in carefully selected adult patients with refractory septic shock.
Identification and Physical Characterization of a Spontaneous Mutation of the Tobacco Mosaic Virus in the Laboratory Environment
Authors: Lumata Jenica L. , Ball Darby , Shahrivarkevishahi Arezoo , Luzuriaga Michael A. , Herbert Fabian C. , Brohlin Olivia , Lee Hamilton , D’Arcy Sheena , Gassensmith Jeremiah J. , Hagge Laurel M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Virus-like particles are an emerging class of nano-biotechnology with the Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) having found a wide range of applications in imaging, drug delivery, and vaccine development. TMV is typically produced in planta, and, as an RNA virus, is highly susceptible to natural mutation that may impact its properties. Over the course of two years, from 2018 until 2020, our laboratory followed a spontaneous point mutation in the TMV coat protein—first observed as a 30 Da difference in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The mutation would have been difficult to notice by electrophoretic mobility in agarose or SDS-PAGE and does not alter viral morphology as assessed by transmission electron microscopy. The mutation responsible for the 30 Da difference between the wild-type (wTMV) and mutant (mTMV) coat proteins was identified by a bottom-up proteomic approach as a change from glycine to serine at position 155 based on collision-induced dissociation data. Since residue 155 is located on the outer surface of the TMV rod, it is feasible that the mutation alters TMV surface chemistry. However, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays found no difference in binding between mutant and wild-type TMV. Functionalization of a nearby residue, tyrosine 139, with diazonium salt, also appears unaffected. Overall, this study highlights the necessity of standard workflows to quality-control viral stocks. We suggest that ESI-MS is a straightforward and low-cost way to identify emerging mutants in coat proteins.
Orbital torque in magnetic bilayers
Authors: Lee Dongjoon , Go Dongwook , Park Hyeon-Jong , Jeong Wonmin , Ko Hye-Won , Yun Deokhyun , Jo Daegeun , Lee Soogil , Go Gyungchoon , Oh Jung Hyun , Kim Kab-Jin , Park Byong-Guk , Min Byoung-Chul , Koo Hyun Cheol , Lee Hyun-Woo , Lee OukJae , Lee Kyung-Jin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The spin Hall effect describes an electric-field-induced generation of spin currents through spin-orbit coupling. Since the spin-orbit coupling alone cannot generate the angular momentum, there must be a more fundamental process of the spin Hall effect. Theories suggested that an electric-field-induced generation of orbital currents, called orbital Hall effect, is the fundamental process, and spin currents are subsequently converted from orbital currents. Despite its fundamental importance, the orbital Hall effect has not been confirmed experimentally. Motivated by a recent theoretical proposal of torque generation by orbital angular momentum injection, we examine the current-induced torque experimentally in various ferromagnet/heavy metal bilayers. We find that the net torque in Ni/Ta bilayers is opposite in sign to the spin Hall theory prediction but instead consistent with the orbital Hall theory, which confirms the orbital torque generated by the orbital Hall effect. It will invigorate researches on spin-orbit-coupled phenomena based on orbital engineering.
Enhanced Performance of Hydrogen Peroxide Modified Pozzolan-based Geopolymer for Abatement of Methylene blue from Aqueous Medium
Authors: Hermann Dzoujo Tamaguelon , Sylvain Tome , Shikuku Victor O , Tchuigwa Jean T , Spieß Alex , Janiak Christoph , Etoh Marie Annie , Dina David 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Pozzolan-based eco-adsorbents were synthesized by geopolymerization with addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with mass ratios 0% (GP0) and 1% (GP1) and the products used to sorb cationic methylene blue (MB) dye from water. The chemical composition, textural properties, mineral composition, surface functions, as well as morphology and internal structure of these samples were determined by the X-ray fluorescence, adsorption of nitrogen by the B.E.T (Bruamer Emmet Teller) method, X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The effects of contact time, dye initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH and temperature were examined and are herein reported. Incorporation of 1% H2O2 increased the specific surface area from 4.344 to 5.610 m2/g representing ~ 29% increase in surface area. This translated an increase in the MB adsorption capacity by 15 orders of magnitude from 24.4 to 366.2 mg/g for GP0 and GP1, respectively. The adsorption rates of methylene blue on the two geopolymers were best described by the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The adsorption equilibrium data were best described by the Sips and Freundlich isotherms models for GP0 and GP1, respectively. Thermodynamically, it was determined that the adsorption of methylene blue onto GP0 and GP1 is a physical and endothermic process. The results show that incorporation of low amount of hydrogen peroxide into pozzolan-based geopolymers increases their adsorption capacity for methylene blue dye stupendously while preserving the surface chemistry.
Engineered Campylobacter jejuni Cas9 variant with enhanced activity
Authors: Nakagawa Ryoya , Ishiguro Soh , Okazaki Sae , Mori Hideto , Tanaka Mamoru , Aburatani Hiroyuki , Yachie Nozomu , Nishimasu Hiroshi , Nureki Osamu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The RNA-guided DNA endonuclease Cas9 is a versatile genome-editing tool. However, the molecular weight of the commonly used Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 is relatively large. Consequently, its gene cannot be efficiently packaged into an adeno-associated virus vector, thereby limiting its applications for therapeutic genome editing. Here, we biochemically characterized the compact Cas9 from Campylobacter jejuni (CjCas9) and found that CjCas9 has a previously unrecognized preference for the N3VRYAC protospacer adjacent motif. We thus rationally engineered a CjCas9 variant (enCjCas9), which exhibits enhanced cleavage activity and a broader targeting range both in vitro and in human cells, as compared with CjCas9. Furthermore, a nickase version of enCjCas9, but not CjCas9, fused with a cytosine deaminase mediated C-to-T conversions in human cells. Overall, our findings expand the CRISPR-Cas toolbox for therapeutic genome engineering.
Bioinformatics Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes Involved in Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Diarrhea
Authors: Lou Yuan-Mei , Ge Yan-Zhi , Chen Wen , Su Lin , Zhang Jia-Qi , Wang Gui-Yue , Qi Ya-Qin , Yang Jin-Ying , Chen Zu-Xiang , Song Hong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder around the world. However, the molecular mechanisms of IBS-D are still not well understood. This study was designed to identify key biomarkers and immune infiltration in the rectal mucosa of IBS-D by bioinformatics analysis. Methods: The gene expression profiles of GSE36701 were downloaded from the GEO database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and functional enrichment and pathway analyses were performed. Using STRING and Cytoscape, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed and core genes were identified. Subsequently, 22 immune cell types of IBS-D tissues were explored by the Cell type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts. Finally, the co-expression network of DEGs was estimated by the weigh gene co-expression network analysis method to identify IBS-D-related modules and deeply hub genes. Results: 224 up-regulated and 171 down-regulated genes in IBS-D patients: Our analysis indicated that several DEGs might play crucial roles in IBS-D, such as CDC20, UBE2C, AURKA, CDC26, CKS1B and PSMB3. Later, we found that immune infiltrating cells such as T cells CD4 memory resting, M2 macrophages are crucial in IBS-D progression. In the end, a total of 9 co-expression gene modules were calculated and the black module was found to have the highest correlation. 15 hub genes were identified both in DEGs and the black module. Conclusions: This study identified molecular mechanisms and a series of candidate genes as well as significant pathways from the bioinformatics network, which may provide a diagnostic method and therapeutic targets for IBS-D.