bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-term impact of crop diversification on soil carbon fluxes and balance in rainfed and irrigated woody cropping systems under semiarid Mediterranean conditions
Authors: Martínez-Mena María , Boix-Fayos Carolina , Carrillo-López Efrain , Díaz-Pereira Elvira , Zornoza Raúl , Sánchez-Navarro Virginia , Acosta Jose A. , Martínez-Martínez Silvia , Almagro María 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Diversification practices such as intercropping in woody cropping systems have recently been proposed as a promising management strategy for addressing problems related to soil degradation, climate change mitigation and food security. In this study, we assess the impact of several diversification practices in different management regimes on the main carbon fluxes regulating the soil carbon balance under semiarid Mediterranean conditions.

Methods
The study was conducted in two nearby cropping systems: (i) a low input rainfed almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) orchard cultivated on terraces and (ii) a levelled intensively irrigated mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) orchard with a street-ridge morphology. The almond trees were intercropped with Capparis spinosa or with Thymus hyemalis While the mandarin trees were intercropped with a mixture of barley and vetch followed by fava bean. Changes caused by crop diversifications on C inputs into the soil and C outputs from the soil were estimated.

Results
Crop diversification did not affect soil organic carbon stocks but did affect the carbon inputs and outputs regulating the soil carbon balance of above Mediterranean agroecosystems. Crop diversification with perennials in the low-input rainfed woody crop system significantly improved the annual soil C balance in the short-term. However, crop diversification with annual species in the intensively managed woody crop system had not effect on the annual soil C balance.

Conclusions
Our results highlight the potential of intercropping with perennials in rainfed woody crop systems for climate change mitigation through soil carbon sequestration.
Ready When the Big One Comes? Natural Disasters and Mass Support for Preparedness Investment
Authors: Bechtel Michael M. , Mannino Massimo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSocieties can address collective threats such as natural disasters or pandemics by investing in preparedness (ex ante) or by offering compensation after an adverse event has occurred (ex post). What explains which of these options voters prefer? We study how personal exposure and policy knowledge affect mass support for long-term disaster preparedness, a type of long-term investment meant to cope with an increasingly destructive and frequent class of events. We first assess whether support for preparedness reflects personal affectedness and find that neither subjective nor geo-coded measures of disaster exposure predict policy preferences. Second, we explore whether this finding can be explained by misperceptions about the features of the available policy options. We find that revealing the damage reductions associated with preparedness systematically reduces opposition to long-term investment. These results suggest that opposition to preparing for collective threats may depend more on informational deficiencies than on personal experience with realized risks.
Prevalence vs impact: a mixed methods study of survivorship issues in colorectal cancer
Authors: Drury Amanda , Payne Sheila , Brady Anne-Marie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore the prevalence of CRC survivorship issues and their impact on survivors’ quality of life (QoL).

Methods
This study utilised a mixed methods sequential explanatory design. Adult CRC survivors between 6- and 60-months post-diagnosis (n = 304) were purposively recruited from three hospitals and twenty-one cancer support centres in Ireland. QoL was evaluated using the EuroQol and FACT-C questionnaires and results compared to population norms. 22 survey participants took part in semi-structured interviews exploring the impact of survivorship issues on their daily lives.

Results
While CRC survivors reported QoL outcomes comparable to or better than normative populations, 54% were dissatisfied with their QoL. The most common survivorship issues reported included negative body image (74%), fatigue (68%), sexual dysfunction (66%) and sleep disturbance (59%). Thematic analysis of the qualitative data illustrated survivors’ attempts to live with the impact of cancer and its treatment (loss, fear, impact) and striving to contextualise, reframe and understand the consequences of cancer and its treatment (control, vigilance, benefit). Within these themes, the cross-domain impact of less prevalent symptoms including bowel dysfunction (28–57%) and peripheral neuropathy (47%) were widely discussed.

Conclusions
Although cancer survivors report positive QoL outcomes, many experience distressing physical, psychological and social effects. The findings suggest less common and difficult to manage symptoms are the greatest source of distress and unmet need. Support and information must be tailored to address survivors’ individual needs and preferences for support, informed by holistic person-centred assessment.
Phytochemical variability during vegetation of Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub genotypes derived from in vitro cultures
Authors: Dreger Mariola , Seidler-Łożykowska Katarzyna , Szalata Milena , Adamczak Artur , Wielgus Karolina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to evaluate Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub genotypes for preliminary selection and further breeding programs aimed at obtaining a suitable industrial form for the pharmaceutical applications. Clonally propagated plants representing 10 genotypes of Ch. angustifolium were regenerated under in vitro conditions, hardened and planted in the field. Studies included an evaluation of shoot proliferation, phytochemical assessment of in vitro and ex vitro plants as well as investigations of intraspecies variability regarding four phenological stages: vegetative, beginning of blooming, full blooming, and green fruit phases. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of bioactive compounds were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC–DAD–MS/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods. The efficiency of shoot multiplication varied between genotypes from 8.12 to 21.48 shoots per explant. A high reproduction rate (> 20 shoots per explant) was recorded for four lines (PL_45, PL_44, PL_58, DE_2). Plants grown in vitro synthesized oenothein B (11.2–22.3 mg g−1 DW) and caffeic acid derivatives. Plants harvested from field contained the full spectrum of polyphenols characteristic for this species, and oenothein B and quercetin 3-O-glucuronide were the most abundant. The maximal content of oenothein B was determined in the vegetative phase of fireweed, while some flavonoids were found in the highest amount in full blooming phase. The results of analysis of variance indicated significant differences among genotypes in oenothein B, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid and flavonoids accumulation in four phenological phases. PL_44 plants were characterized by high content of oenothein B and quercetin 3-O-glucuronide as well as a relatively high level of other flavonoids. Based on our phytochemical and micropropagation studies, PL_44 genotype was the best candidate for early selection and further breeding programs.
Seeing under the cover with a 3D U-Net: point cloud-based weight estimation of covered patients
Authors: Bigalke Alexander , Hansen Lasse , Diesel Jasper , Heinrich Mattias P. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeBody weight is a crucial parameter for patient-specific treatments, particularly in the context of proper drug dosage. Contactless weight estimation from visual sensor data constitutes a promising approach to overcome challenges arising in emergency situations. Machine learning-based methods have recently been shown to perform accurate weight estimation from point cloud data. The proposed methods, however, are designed for controlled conditions in terms of visibility and position of the patient, which limits their practical applicability. In this work, we aim to decouple accurate weight estimation from such specific conditions by predicting the weight of covered patients from voxelized point cloud data.MethodsWe propose a novel deep learning framework, which comprises two 3D CNN modules solving the given task in two separate steps. First, we train a 3D U-Net to virtually uncover the patient, i.e. to predict the patient’s volumetric surface without a cover. Second, the patient’s weight is predicted from this 3D volume by means of a 3D CNN architecture, which we optimized for weight regression.ResultsWe evaluate our approach on a lying pose dataset (SLP) under two different cover conditions. The proposed framework considerably improves on the baseline model by up to$${16}{\%}$$16%and reduces the gap between the accuracy of weight estimates for covered and uncovered patients by up to$${52}{\%}$$52%.ConclusionWe present a novel pipeline to estimate the weight of patients, which are covered by a blanket. Our approach relaxes the specific conditions that were required for accurate weight estimates by previous contactless methods and thus constitutes an important step towards fully automatic weight estimation in clinical practice.
Translating the sustainable development goals in national development planning: the case of Mozambique’s energy for all programme
Authors: Viegas Filipe Eléusio , Otsuki Kei , Monstadt Jochen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe international community has emphasised the importance of governments adapting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to national policy priorities. Whilst sustainability assessment frameworks and indicators are meant to facilitate adaptation, their assumption of high institutional capacity based on Global North contexts is a shorthand for Global South contexts. In particular, limited institutional capacity means that electricity utilities in the Global South struggle with meeting national and international demands to universalise access to basic services for the entire population as well as in ensuring financial sustainability. Based on a case study of the Mozambique government’s National Energy for All Programme, this paper analyses the ways the public electricity company Electricity of Mozambique (known as EDM) has been translating SDG 7.1 on ‘ensuring universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services’ into its national political context given the conditionalities of international donors and investors. One outcome of this translation, a compartmentalisation of EDM’s organisational structure, is counterproductive to the integrative and autonomous approach of the SDGs for sustainable development at the national level. To reduce organisational fragmentation and dependency of national project implementers such as EDM on donor interventions, the international community needs to tailor and better align SDG-oriented interventions with the conditions of Southern institutional frameworks and their political contexts.
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Paragonimus skrjabini Complex from Yunnan, China: A Brief Report
Authors: Shu Qiu-Hong , Li Shu-De , Tian Ming , Meng Yong , He Shu-Mei-Qi , Zhu Min , Wang Miao-Miao , Wang Wen-Lin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To perform environmental sampling and molecular identification of Paragonimus in endemic regions, which may help in minimizing transmission among humans.

Methods
Mountain crabs from the genus Potamiscus were collected and the encysted metacercariae were extracted and subjected to morphological identification, followed by animal inoculation in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. After 112 days of infection, animals were killed and adult worms were extracted from lungs and muscles. The morphology of adult worms was characterized by microscopy and molecular identification was done by polymerase chain reaction, followed by sequencing of cox1 and ITS2 genes. Phylogenetic analysis was done by maximum parsimony method.

Results
A total of 447 crabs were captured from the streams of Tongchang Town, Jinping County, Yunnan Province, China. The infection rate was found to be 41% (186 out of 447 crabs). The metacercariae of Paragonimus skrjabini was identified by the characteristics round or spherical encysted form measuring 410 to 460 × 400 to 460 µm. After animal infection in SD rats, adults were presumptively confirmed to be P. skrjabini, which was also confirmed by gene amplification and sequence analysis of cox1 and ITS2 regions. Paragonimus skrjabini clustered with previously reported P. skrjabini from Yunnan and Vietnam. The confidence values of their branches were > 95%. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS2 region revealed two distinct clusters with distinct geographical grouping. Phylogenetic analysis with the combined data sets reiterated the geographical grouping with P. skrjabini from Yunnan clustering with strains from Vietnam.

Conclusion
Metacercariae of P. skrjabini was discovered in freshwater crabs in Yunnan province, China, and the strains were phylogenetically related to P. skrjabini from Vietnam.
Implementation of a developmental model of teachers' and didacticians’ learning through inquiry: design, operationalisation and outcomes
Authors: Jaworski Barbara , Potari Despina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper addresses implementation with respect to the professional development (PD) of teachers of mathematics and the educators/didacticians who work with them, through aninquiry-baseddevelopmental model. In contrast with a PD model in which educators show, guide or instruct teachers in classroom approaches and mathematical tasks, we present a developmental model in which teachers and educators collaborate to inquire into and develop their own teaching practice. The project,Learning Communities in Mathematics(LCM: e.g., Goodchild, Fuglestad and Jaworski, 2013) exemplifies this developmental model. Here we focus on a projectTeaching Better Mathematics(TBM) which extends LCM and implements its developmental model at larger scale. We trace the implementation process through analysis of data gathered during and after the extended project, including written reflections of key didacticians, minutes from leadership meetings and two versions of the project proposal. Particularly, we trace learning and development through an activity theory analysis of the issues, tensions and contradictions experienced by participation in TBM.
A Descriptive Analysis of the Temporal and Geographical Proximities Seen Within UK Series of Sex Offenses
Authors: Woodhams Jessica , Davies Kari , Galambos Sarah , Webb Mark 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPrevious studies of the geographical and temporal features of serial sex offenses are limited by small samples and/or geographical areas, and are dated. We address a significant gap in the literature by investigating the temporal and geographical proximity of the crimes of 402 serial stranger sex offenders in the UK. Periods of incarceration were extracted from calculations of temporal proximity giving a more accurate picture of series duration and time elapsed between offenses from the same series. A notable minority of serial stranger sex offenders commit their offenses within very close geographic proximity and the same was found for temporal proximity. There were also occurrences of series spanning large distances and many years. The implications of these findings for the use of geography and time in the behavioral linking of crimes, and what they mean for policy decisions regarding financial investment in law enforcement technology, are discussed.
Resonance assignment of coiled-coil 3 (CC3) domain of human STIM1
Authors: Gupta Agrim , Kitzler Christian Manuel , Rathner Petr , Fahrner Marc , Grabmayr Herwig , Rathner Adriana , Romanin Christoph , Müller Norbert 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe protein stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) plays a pivotal role in mediating store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) into cells, which is essential for adaptive immunity. It acts as a calcium sensor in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and extends into the cytosol, where it changes from an inactive (tight) to an active (extended) oligomeric form upon calcium store depletion. NMR studies of this protein are challenging due to its membrane-spanning and aggregation properties. Therefore follow the divide-and-conquer approach, focusing on individual domains first is in order. The cytosolic part is predicted to have a large content of coiled-coil (CC) structure. We report the 1H, 13C, 15N chemical shift assignments of the CC3 domain. This domain is crucial for the stabilisation of the tight quiescent form of STIM1 as well as for activating the ORAI calcium channel by direct contact, in the extended active form.
Dissecting the dimension of protection: Caligae and Scutum in the evaluative model of normative appeals
Authors: Oceja Luis , Beramendi Maite , Salgado Sergio , Gavilán Pablo , Villegas Marisol 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA normative appeal indicates that one should (or should not) do a certain action in a concrete situation. According to the Evaluative Model of Normative Appeals (EMNA), willingness to comply with these messages depends on an appraisal formed by two dimensions: formality and protection. In this work we center on the dimension of protection, proposing that it can be divided into two components: avoiding physical or psychological damage (scutum) and affording the performance of the main intended action (caligae). We conducted two studies to test this twofold meaning of protection. In Study 1 (N = 525), we manipulated the coherence of regulatory focus (promotion vs. control vs. prevention) with salience of the components of protection (caligae vs. control vs. scutum). In Study 2 (N = 513), we separately measured the perception of each component referred to an actual normative appeal (i.e., “To get into a class punctually”). The results showed that the manipulated salience and the measured perception of caligae and scutum elicits (Study 1) and predicts (Study 2) higher willingness to comply with normative appeals. Theoretical and applied implications of the results are discussed.
Topological mirror symmetry for rank two character varieties of surface groups
Authors: Mauri Mirko 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe moduli spaces of flat $${\text{SL}}_2$$

SL
2

- and $${\text{PGL}}_2$$

PGL
2

-connections are known to be singular SYZ-mirror partners. We establish the equality of Hodge numbers of their intersection (stringy) cohomology. In rank two, this answers a question raised by Tamás Hausel in Remark 3.30 of “Global topology of the Hitchin system”.
Brief Mindfulness-Based Interventions: Teacher and Course Attendee Perspectives on Content
Authors: Birtwell Kelly , Morris Rebecca , Armitage Christopher J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objectives
While brief mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) show promise, stakeholder involvement in their design is lacking and intervention content can vary substantially. The aim of this study is to explore stakeholder perspectives of brief MBIs, brief MBI content, and adapting existing MBIs.

Methods
In this convergent mixed methods design study, 22 mindfulness teachers and 20 mindfulness course attendees completed an online UK-based survey. Twenty-six participants were female, and mean age was 50.8 years. Data from closed questions were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, and data from open questions were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
Findings suggest a brief MBI could comprise five 80-min sessions and include focused attention practice, informal mindfulness, inquiry, psychoeducation, and 20 min of daily home practice. Opinions of some elements differed among participants, such as the body scan, poetry, and the sitting with difficulty practice. Four themes were generated from participants’ comments about their attitudes to brief MBIs, which were generally positive but expressed concerns about insufficient content and poor delivery. Three themes were generated about adapting MBIs, suggesting tensions between adhering to a curriculum and meeting group needs. Five themes were generated from views about the content and characteristics of MBIs, highlighting the importance of accessibility, teacher training, and participant safety.

Conclusions
Brief MBIs may increase access to mindfulness training, yet there is a need for adequate governance and transparency regarding their strengths and limitations. Clarity and evidence of MBI mechanisms along with scientific literacy in teachers will support fidelity-consistent modifications.
Satins, lattices, and extended Euclid's algorithm
Authors: Brunat Josep M. , Lario Joan-C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMotivated by the design of satins with draft of period m and step a, we draw our attention to the lattices $$L(m,a)=\langle (1,a),(0,m)\rangle$$

L
(
m
,
a
)
=
⟨
(
1
,
a
)
,
(
0
,
m
)
⟩

where $$1\le a<m$$

1
≤
a
<
m

are integers with $$\gcd (m,a)=1$$

gcd
(
m
,
a
)
=
1

. We show that the extended Euclid's algorithm applied to m and a produces a shortest no null vector of L(m, a) and that the algorithm can be used to find an optimal basis of L(m, a). We also analyze square and symmetric satins. For square satins, the extended Euclid's algorithm produces directly the two vectors of an optimal basis. It is known that symmetric satins have either a rectangular or a rombal basis; rectangular basis are optimal, but rombal basis are not always optimal. In both cases, we give the optimal basis directly in terms of m and a.
Condensate banking removal: study on ultrasonic amplitude effect
Authors: Ainuddin Aieshah , Aziz Nabilla Afzan Abdul , Soom Nor Akmal Affandy Mohamed 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHydrocarbons in a gas condensate reservoir consist of a wide variety of molecules which will react varyingly with the change of pressure inside the reservoir and wellbore. The presence of heavier ended hydrocarbons such as C5 and above, condensate banking will occur as pressure depletes. Pressure drop below dew point pressure causes condensate buildup which will give a negative impact in the productivity index of a gas condensate reservoir. Gas condensate reservoirs experience liquid drop out when pressure depletion reaches below dew point pressure. This occurrence will eventually cause condensate banking over time of production where condensate builds up in pore spaces of near-wellbore formations. Due to increase in condensate saturation, gas mobility is reduced and causes reduction of recoverable hydrocarbons. Instead of remediating production loss by using unsustainable recovery techniques, sonication is used to assist the natural flow of a gas condensate reservoir. This study aims to evaluate the effects of various ultrasonic amplitudes on condensate removal in a heterogenous glass pack in flowing conditions with varying exposure durations. Experiments were conducted by using n-Decane and a glass pack to represent condensate banking and near-wellbore area. Carbon dioxide was flowed through the pack to represent flowing gas from the reservoir after sonication of 10%, 50% and 100% amplitudes (20 kHz and 20 Watts). Analysis of results shows recovery of up to 17.36% and an areal sweep efficiency increase in 24.33% after sonication of 100% amplitude for 120 min due to reduction in viscosity. It was concluded that sweeping efficiency and reciprocal mobility ratio are increased with sonication of 100% amplitude for 120 min. This indicates that mobility of n-Decane is improved after sonication to allow higher hydrocarbon liquid production. Insights into the aspects of the mechanical wave are expected to contribute to a better understanding of tuning the sonic wave, to deliver remarkable results in a closed solid and fluid system. This form of IOR has not only proved to be an effective method to increase productivity in gas condensate wells, but it is also an environmentally sustainable and cost-effective method.