bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and development of source material for breeding early bushy and short-vined cultivars of Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex Poir.
Authors: Elatskova A. G. 
Published: October 2021

Background. There are three species cultivated in Russia: Cucurbita pepo, C. maxima, and C. moschata, the latter being the most thermophilic among them. Cultivars of C. moschata are grown in southern regions, where a growing season of no less than 110–130 days is required. C. moschata has no bushy cultivars suitable for cultivation. The aim of this study was to search for, identify and develop source material of C. moschata for breeding early-ripening bushy and short-vined cultivars.Materials and methods. Accessions from the VIR collection, advanced cultivars, hybrids and lines of various generations served as research material. The study was based on the guidelines for studying and maintenance of the collection and for cucurbit crop breeding.Results. Source material was identified for breeding practice: early accessions (90–98 days) possessing high productivity and fruit quality, with good taste, namely ‘Early Butternut’, ‘Butternut’, ‘Waltham Butternut’; accession k-3549, ‘Orekhovy’, and accession k-4235; and mid-early accessions (104–105 days) ‘Palov-kadu’, and ‘Aydzu Аkkikudza’. They exceeded in productivity the early-ripening reference (cv. ‘Mariya’) by 26.7–130%, and matched the reference in fruit quality. Hybrids from the crosses of vined accessions with the bushy form KL 745 were studied. Bushiness is inherited monogenetically and controlled by the recessive bu (bush) gene. Identified for breeding were early (93–95 days) bushy lines (KL) with a stem length of 0.8–1.2 m: KL 648, KL 652 and KL 656. Their productivity was within 4.2–4.5 kg per plant (higher than the reference by 40–50%). In fruit quality they were on the reference level. Early (92–98 days) short-vined lines (KPL) were identified, with a stem length of 1.3–2.0 m: KPL 168, KPL 640 and KPL 680; their productivity ranged 4.9–6.8 kg per plant, and their fruit quality was good or excellent.
Phytosanitary monitoring of the narrow-leaved lupine collection of VIR in the northwest of Russia
Authors: Abdullaev R. A. , Vishnyakova M. A. , Egorova G. P. , Radchenko E. E. 
Published: October 2021

Background. Narrow-leaved lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is an important high-protein forage and green manure crop, also promising for food use. This is a plastic species produced under various ecogeographic conditions and the only cultivated species of lupine adapted to high northern latitudes – up to 60° NL. Gradual expansion of lupine production areas led to the accumulation of pathogens, damage to lupine crops by harmful organisms, and significant harvest losses. Breeding and cultivating resistant varieties is the most profitable and environmentally sound way to control diseases and pests. Studying the species composition of pathogens and searching for source material are the necessary stages of plant breeding for immunity.Materials and methods. A set of 101 accessions of L. angustifolius from the VIR collection were studied in the northwest of the Russian Federation (Pushkin, St. Petersburg) in 2019, and 62 accessions from the same set in 2020. Mycological examination of the affected leaves was carried out on potato sucrose agar medium under laboratory conditions. The degree of damage to plants by diseases and infestation by pests was assessed during the period of flowering, fruit formation and ripening using point scales.Results and conclusions. A wide range of harmful organisms were identified for their negative impact on the growth and development of narrow-leaved lupine plants. The dominant pest was the lupine aphid (Macrosiphum albifrons Essig), discovered in Russia for the first time. A whole set of fungal pathogens was identified, among which the most common and harmful were the causative agents of Fusarium, brown leaf spot, powdery mildew, gray mold, and Sclerotinia stem rot. Narrow-leaved lupine accessions with weak degrees of pathogenic damage were selected.
Dynamics in the activity of peroxidase and its isoforms in leaves of different apple cultivars
Authors: Mishko A. E. , Lutskiy E. O. 
Published: October 2021

Background. Various approaches are used for identification of the most resistant fruit crop cultivars, including the analysis of different physiological and biochemical indicators. In Krasnodar Territory, Russia, one of the major stressors in summer is the hydrothermal stress. Drought and heat lead to an oxidative stress, as reactive oxygen species are produced in plant cells. Plants respond to oxidative damage by activating antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and various peroxidases. Peroxidase is able to decompose hydrogen peroxide. Peroxidase activity was calculated under natural summertime changes in the hydrothermal pattern (control) and in simulated high-temperature conditions.Materials and methods. Three apple cultivars of Russian breeding, ‘Fortuna’, ‘Soyuz’ and ‘Prikubanskoe’, and cv. ‘Ligol’ of Polish origin were studied. In the summers of 2018–2019, their leaf samples were analyzed to assess peroxidase activity and its isozyme composition under control and stress conditions. Native electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel was used for separation of peroxidase isoforms. Malondialdehyde content was measured to identify oxidative stress levels in apple leaves.Results. The tested indicators demonstrated a high degree of heterogeneity induced by both cultivar specificity and seasonal weather dynamics. Peroxidase isoforms with a molecular weight of 70 to 60 kDa, characterized by the maximum level of variability (1–4 isoforms), were isolated. Two other groups included 1–3 isoforms with a molecular weight of ~130–100 kDa, and one with a molecular weight of ~55 kDa. The highest enzyme activity was found in cvs. ‘Fortuna’ and ‘Soyuz’ in July 2018, the hottest month during the period of research. Under simulated conditions, the triploid cultivar ‘Soyuz’ was least susceptible to the stress impact.
Component composition of essential oil in the North American Pinus L. species introduced to the Southern Coast of Crimea
Authors: Sakhno T. M. , Plugatar Y. V. , Shevchuk O. M. , Feskov S. A. , Bulavin I. V. 
Published: October 2021

Background. Studying essential oils in conifers is of great scientific and practical interest due to their high bactericidal properties. Their volatiles play an important role in combating pathogenic microflora and removing harmful microorganisms from the air, thus benefiting human health. Conifers are highly effective as part of parklands and urban landscaping.Materials and methods. Pinus radiata D. Don, P. sabiniana Douglas and P. coulteri D. Don grown on the Southern Coast of Crimea were studied. Essential oil was extracted from pine needles by hydrodistillation on Ginsberg devices, and its component composition was analyzed using gas–liquid chromatography on a 6890N system with a 5973N mass selective detector.Results. Among the studied species, P. radiata manifested high essential oil content in needles: 0.15% on the wet weight basis (0.36%, dry weight). Under the conditions of the southern coast of Crimea, the major essential oil components in P. radiata were β-pinene (29.5% of the total essential oil), α-pinene (21.2%) and limonene (12.4%); in P. sabiniana, phenylethyl butyrate (20.5%), limonene (15.2%) and α-pinene (13.7%); in P. coulteri, β-pinene (11.6%), δ-cadinene (11.0%) and α-pinene (10.6%). In the essential oil of P. radiatamonoterpenes dominated (74.9%); in P. sabiniana, monoterpenes (38.7%) and their derivatives − alcohols (25.3%) and esters (20.5%); in P. coulteri, sesquiterpenes (38.2%) and monoterpenes (28.8%).Conclusion. The essential oils of P. radiata and P. sabiniana under different climate conditions contained mostly monoterpenes (β-pinene in P. radiata, and α-pinene in P. sabiniana) and their derivatives. The component composition of P. coulteri essential oil was the most variable, with a general tendency towards the predominance of sesquiterpenes and diterpenes; the ratio between those groups and the qualitative composition of sesquiterpenes both varied.
Evalu ation of potato hybrids according to tuber flesh darkening and other useful agronomic characters under the conditions of Kirov Province
Authors: Sintsova N. F. , Lyskova I. V. , Kratyuk E. I. , Arkhipov V. M. 
Published: October 2021

Background. Resistance of raw and boiled tuber flesh to darkening when potato is processed into potato-based products or consumed directly is an important requirement for new potato cultivars. Identification of hybrids resistant to tuber flesh darkening would contribute immensely to future breeding work.Materials and methods. Parent forms and hybrid progeny of potato were tested for five years (2016–2020) in Kirov Province using the methods and technologies approved for potato breeding process. The progeny of 10 cultivars used as pollinators was analyzed.Results and conclusions. Cultivars with high levels of resistance to the darkening of raw tuber flesh were selected in the collection nursery. A total of 62 accessions (or 24%) out of 256 were identified for the absence of darkening or only small traces thereof (8 points) in raw tubers. Medium and strong darkening of the flesh (4–5 points) was recorded for 45 accessions. Analyzing the progeny of pollinator cultivars showed an increased occurrence of hybrids resistant to tuber flesh darkening in the progeny of cv. ‘Manifest’: 71% of the studied hybrids had non-darkening flesh (9 points). Manifestation of tuber flesh darkening was found to depend on weather conditions during the growing season: the higher was the air temperature, the weaker was the darkening of raw tuber flesh, but when the soil moisture during tuberization was high, tuber flesh became more darkened. A statistically significant relationship was observed between the darkening of boiled tubers and the content of crude protein (r = 0.74) and vitamin C (r = 0.79). Hybrid 179-10 was identified for high productivity (32.5 t/ha) and crude protein content (1.54%), while the highest resistance to the darkening of raw and boiled potato tubers was registered in hybrid 72-13.
MODEL OF SERVER SELECTION OF SATELLITE MONITORING SYSTEM OF THE CONSTRUCTION AND ROAD-BUILDING MACHINERY
Authors: Nefedov Leonid , Kononykhin Aleksandr , Zgonnik Oleksandr 
Published: October 2021

A modern enterprise with construction and road-building machinery cannot exist without such a system. Various means of vehicle monitoring will help not only to track the vehicle location but also to find out its current condition, as well as the operation and equipment condition. A large amount of data creates to be stored and analyzed to formulate more accurate management decisions (problem). To solve this, you need to select a server. Server selection criteria are not only quantitative but also qualitative. Currently, the existing models of server selection of the satellite monitoring system do not allow to solve a complex problem of quantitative and qualitative criteria evaluation at the same time. Therefore, to solve this problem, it is proposed to use the mathematical models of fuzzy sets (methodology). The goal of the article is to increase the efficiency and reliability of state monitoring of road-building equipment by developing a choosing model of a server for a satellite monitoring system of the road-building equipment state. The task is to choose the best type and type of server that is taking into account the specified criteria: server reliability, functionality, cost, etc. As a result model of server selection of satellite monitoring of construction and road-building machinery condition was developed. The practical aspect is the possibility to take into account fuzzy information to make effective scientifically-informed decisions in terms of uncertainty multi-criteria and output data. A structural model of the organization of the satellite monitoring system developed. That will increase the efficiency and reliability of the satellite monitoring system based on the data collection. During the organization of the satellite system means of construction and road-building machinery and its equipment are determined; control points selection where indicators monitored; the methods and units of measurement for the controlled equipment measured at monitoring are defined; choose the method and means of measurement for the performance of construction and road-building machinery. The organization of satellite monitoring of construction and road-building machinery is carried out to obtain operational and systematic information about the condition and actions performed on its equipment, primarily to ensure economic security of the company’s resources, man-made safety of controlled (originality).
Research the complexity method to reduce errors in the measurement of linear movement of elements of road machine design
Authors: Koval Oleksandr , Koval Andrii 
Published: October 2021

Problem. Currently, the problem of optimal control of the road machines is one of the most pressing tasks. Consequently, there is a significant need for on-board multifunctional measuring systems. Along with this, today measuring systems are mainly used only to provide control of power units. It is still relevant to determine the spatial position of the working bodies of the road machine in order to optimize their movement when performing working technological processes. Goal. The goal is to investigate the measurements of linear movement of road machine design elements when complexing ultrasonic and optical sensors of linear movements. Methodo-logy. The analytical and experimental research methods for the development and application of onboard measuring systems have been used. When complex the method of sensors combined into one system, the methods of system analysis were used. Results. Functional features of application of optical and ultrasonic gauges for measurements of linear moving elements of a design of the road machines are revealed. Principles of measurements of linear moving are investigated at complex use of gauges in a uniform measuring system. Originality. In order to improve the accuracy of technological processes and optimal control of the road machine, it is proposed to measure the linear movement of structural elements both relative to each other and relative to the earth's surface. The combined use of ultrasonic and optical methods will significantly reduce measurement errors. Practical value. The use of the proposed method for measuring the relative position of the structural elements of a road machine design will make it possible to perform high-quality technological processes at any time of the year or day, regardless of the current natural and weather conditions.
TELEMATIC SYNERGY OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS IN TRANSPORT APPLICATIONS
Authors: Aleksiyev Oleg , Aleksiyev Volodymyr , Neronov Serhii 
Published: October 2021

Problem. The results of fundamental and applied research of computer science and software engineering in industry and transport are considered. Informational socialization is offered to provide knowledge and skills to persons wishing to work in the IT industry. A kind of sensory cognitive representation of the spatial-temporal orientation of transport applications and synergy (performance assessment) of development, updating of applications, support of the semantic site of the transport-road portal of automobile transfer. Goal. Increasing the competitiveness of transport and road organizations by increasing the efficiency of virtual management of the car transfer, taking into account the virtual logistics and IT industry. Methodology. The idea and basic tasks of synergetic integration of the following technologies: WEB, Internet in general, distribution of computer resources of the client and server part of the Industry 4.0 Results and originality. The most useful in the synergy of WEB implementation is the use as a feature of a dynamic site aggregator WEB portal in defined as the location of vehicles and visualization of the relevant transport situation. Practical value.It is obtaining additional computer resources in the conditions of application of WEB, which is offered for implementation, does not require significant capital expenditures. Costs associated only with the assistance of this new work of existing staff - WEB users of these solutions. The implementation of these scientific and practical results shows that the greatest benefit from using the cloud infrastructure instead of supporting its own IT infrastructure is not even technological, but financials.
Analysis and numerical comparative assessment of risks of emergency situations of technogenic character in the territory of Ukraine
Authors: Ivanets Hryhorii , Ivanets Mykhailo , Bogatov Oleg , Nakonechnyi Alexander , Sharapa Ivan 
Published: October 2021

Subject. Processes of man-made emergencies on the territory of the state and its regions.
Theme of work. Analysis and quantitative comparative assessment of risks of man-made emergencies on the territory of Ukraine. The purpose of the work. Comprehensive analysis of risks of man-made emergencies on the territory of the state and determination of the most technogenic regions of the country. Research methodology. Comparative assessment of the state of man-made threats of the territory and population of the regions of the state is carried out by comparing the average annual number of man-made emergencies in each region and the state as a whole, taking into account the density of the population. Criteria for classification of the territory and population of the regions of the state according to the level of man-made threats are proposed: relatively optimal, relatively acceptable, unacceptable. Research results. The method of quantitative comparative assessment of risks of emergencies of technogenic character on the territory of the state is offered and regions of the country with rather optimum, rather admissible and unacceptable level of technogenic threats for the territory and the population of regions of the state are defined. Conclusions and scope of research results. The analysis of the state of man-caused danger in the regions of Ukraine showed that each of them has its own levels of man-made threat, which must be taken into account to adequately respond to emergencies of different nature. As a result of research on the basis of the proposed methodology, it is established that the unacceptable level of man-made threats to the territory and population is typical for Donetsk, Luhansk, Dnipropetrovsk, Kharkiv and Lviv regions. This indicates the low effectiveness of measures to prevent man-made emergencies in these areas of the country. The obtained results of the research are the foundation for substantiation of organizational and technical measures to prevent and adequately respond to civil defense forces to emergencies of man-made nature both in the state and its regions.
SOLVING OF TWO-CRITERION TRANSPORT PROBLEM BASED ON BLOCK NORMALIZATION
Authors: Podoliaka Oksana , Podoliaka Aleksii 
Published: October 2021

Problem. Practical tasks of transport optimization are inherently multi-criteria. Their nature is such that with the improvement of some quality criteria, others deteriorate. It is very difficult to reduce multi-criteria problems to single-criteria ones in the general case. Therefore, much attention has recently been paid to solving discrete problems in multicriteria productions. An approach to solving a complex two-criteria transport problem is considered, the first criterion of which has a wide range, and the second is extremely narrow. To solve the problem, it is proposed to use nonlinear block normalization of criteria, which significantly reduces the variance of the normalized values of both criteria and, simplifies the procedures for comparing alternatives. The computational complexity of the block normalization algorithm of the criteria is O(n3).Goal. Improving the quality of solutions to complex problems of the transport type by aligning the ranges of narrow and wide criteria scales. This is achieved by applying the algorithm of nonlinear block normalization, which extracts additional knowledge from the source data of the transport problem.Methodology. A systematic approach and methods of mathematical modeling were used to build models of multicriteria problems of the transport type. Methods of multicriteria optimization and decision theory were used in the analysis of problems of solving multicriteria problems.Results. An effective approach to solving complex multicriteria transport-type problems, characterized by a large number of parameters with different ranges and scales, has been developed. This approach can be used directly to solve problems with criteria set by ordinal scales.Originality. The convolution functional method of complex multicriteria transportation problems based on block normalization and selection of the dominant criterion is developed. The procedure for comparing alternative solutions has been simplified by increasing the accuracy of estimating the elements of the transport task plan using block normalization. An effective method for solving complex multicriteria transport problems has been developed, which improves the quality of solutions by obtaining additional knowledge of the problem data model.Practical value. Improving the efficiency of management decisions in complex logistics systems.
THE EFFECT OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC WITH AUB IN PERIMENOPAUSE
Authors: Jamwal Ankita , Rao Rohini 
Published: October 2021

Background: The effect of socio-demographic on AUB in perimenopause.
Methods: Prospective interventional study conducted at Kamla Nehru Hospital for State Mother and Child, IGMC Shimla.
Results: In the present study according to the modified kuppuswamy socioeconomic scale AUB was found maximum in women belonging to lower middle class i.e 93 (40.6%) with confidence interval of 34.19-47.95% followed by upper lower class i.e 90 (39.3%) with confidence interval of 32.93-45.95% and least in upper class i.e 7 (3.05%) with confidence interval of 1.24-6.20%.
Conclusion: In summary, abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal patients is a common and important part of clinical practice for health-care providers of women.
Keywords: AUB, SES, Bleeding
THE MENSTRUAL PATTERN OF AUB IN PERIMENOPAUSE
Authors: Jamwal Ankita , Rao Rohini 
Published: October 2021

Background: The Menstrual pattern of AUB in perimenopause.
Methods: Prospective interventional study conducted at Kamla Nehru Hospital for State Mother and Child, IGMC Shimla.
Results: Menorrhagia was the most common presentation of AUB patients accounting for 65.5% of cases with confidence interval of 58.96-71.64% followed by continuous bleeding per vagina(BPV) accounting for 17.9% with confidence interval of 13.17-23.49% with the least being oligomenorrhea 0.87% with confidence interval of 0.11-3.12%.
Conclusion: Abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal patients is a common and important part of clinical practice for health-care providers of women.
Keywords: AUB, Menstrual pattern, Bleeding