bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attributions for Brain Injured Persons' Actions: Effects of Cause of Injury and Familiarity
Authors:   , Foster Lynette Ann 
Published: November 2021

<p>Misunderstanding the behaviours of individuals with brain injuries is common and may result in negative consequences, especially when visible markers of brain injury are absent. Previous research on this issue manipulated the visibility of a brain injury with photographs of an adolescent with either a head scar or no scar (McClure, Buchanan, McDowall, & Wade, 2008). Scenarios stated that the adolescent had suffered a brain injury, followed by undesirable changes in four behaviours. Participants attributed the behaviors more to adolescence relative to brain injury when there was no scar than when there was a scar. The current research extends this research by examining the effects of visible markers of injury combined with three other factors: whether people are informed about the injury, the stated cause of injury, and familiarity with individuals with brain injury. Experiment 1 (N = 98) examined the effects of informing people about brain injury and found that when participants were not informed about the brain injury, visible markers of injury had no effect on attributions; participants made higher attributions to adolescence than brain injury in both scar conditions. In contrast, when participants were informed about the injury, in the no scar condition, attributions were higher for adolescence than brain injury whereas in the scar condition, both causes were rated equally. Experiment 2 (N = 148) examined the effects of putative causes of the injury and the participants' familiarity with the brain injury. The results found that visible markers of injury had no effect on attributions when the described cause was a brain tumour, but when the described cause was abusing illegal drugs, participants made higher attributions to brain injury than adolescence in the scar condition, with the reverse found in the no scar condition. In the scar condition, participants with high familiarity attributed the behaviours more to the brain injury than participants with low familiarity and participants with low familiarity attributed the behaviours more to adolescence than participants with high familiarity. In the no scar condition, participants in both familiarity groups attributed the behaviours equally to adolescence and brain injury. This research shows that the visibility of a brain injury, the etiology of an injury and familiarity with individuals with brain injury influence people's attributions for an adolescent's undesirable behavior. This information can be used by professionals and caregivers to inform survivors about these effects and used in campaigns to educate the public.</p>
Measurement and Simulation of the Nonlocal Dispersion Tensor in Porous Media
Authors:   , Hunter Mark Warwick 
Published: November 2021

<p>Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) techniques have been used extensively to characterise dispersion and diffusion in porous media. The completely non-invasive nature of the measurements and the ability to measure opaque samples provide the makings for an excellent tool. Detailed understanding of the microstructure of porous media leads to the ability to model and predict macroscopic effects such as ground water flow, oil extraction, blood perfusion and enable understanding of industrial catalytic reactors. The range of properties that NMR is capable of measuring is extensive but one particular quantity, the nonlocal dispersion tensor has long been identified as an ideal way to characterise dispersive effects at short time and length scales. The nonlocal dispersion tensor is a quantity that is included in theory proposed by Koch and Brady (1987) to explain non-Fickian dispersive behaviour. Demonstrated here is, for the first time, a method to measure the tensor. Details of the newly developed NMR pulse sequence and the post processing technique required to extract the nonlocal dispersion tensor are given. Successful measurements have been undertaken on model systems such as capillary flow and Couette flow. This enabled direct comparison with analytically calculated quantities and excellent agreement is found, thus verifying the methodology. A complete set of nonlocal dispersion components has been identified and measured in a model porous medium, in this case a random beadpack of monosized spheres. The new measurements provide the ability to infer and characterise the nature of fluid correlations, particularly at short length scales. In parallel, a simulation suite based on a lattice Boltzmann calculation (implemented by a co-worker Dr Andrew Jackson), has been used to independently generate the same nonlocal components as measured. The simulations have also been used to guide the design of further NMR experiments, to further investigate aspects of the new parameter space that the nonlocal dispersion tensor provides and to explore parts of the parameter space that are inaccessible by NMR. Finally, the methodology was adapted to enable nonlocal dispersion measurements on a 'real' porous medium, a Bentheimer sandstone.</p>
The Redesign and Implementation of a Reliable Robotic Pipe Inspection System
Authors:   , Winch Stephen 
Published: November 2021

<p>Robotic units used in pipe inspection are expensive to purchase and repair. Many companies do not offer long term support for the repair and maintenance of their robotic units. Consequently Associated Environmental Services Limited (AES), a Wellington based pipe inspection company approached Victoria University to facilitate the repair of a non-functional system. As a result this Masters project aims to design and implement a reliable pipe inspection system for use by AES. This thesis outlines and discusses the circuit boards and software designed for such a robotic unit. A reliable graphical user interface and internal circuitry for the robot was designed and is also presented.</p>
Relational Pedagogy in a New Zealand Secondary School Drama Classroom
Authors:   , Wallis Caroline 
Published: November 2021

<p>Aspects of relational pedagogy were examined in a Year 13 Drama classroom in a large state secondary school over a week of lessons. The teacher and six students who volunteered to take part in the research were observed then interviewed about the nature of relationships in the classroom that week, and in general. The teacher and students in the class related to each other in a positive and constructive manner as they worked together on developing a piece of drama. The students reflected on the importance of their relationship with their teacher and their peers as part of their learning. These findings suggest the nature of how Drama is taught promotes the development of relationships in a classroom. This development impacts positively on their understanding of themselves and others, and their learning in and of Drama.</p>
How do we Read Online: The Effect of the Internet on Reading Behaviour
Authors:   , Herath Channa 
Published: November 2021

<p>Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore online and offline reading and determine the differences between them while assessing the impact of the Internet and online environment on individuals' reading behaviour. Design/methodology/approach This study followed a sequential mixed-method approach and employed both qualitative and quantitative research methods. First, two focus groups were carried out to obtain a range of opinions on the topic and identify unforeseen areas. Subsequently, an online survey was applied to a representative sample of individuals from multiple countries. Findings People used different media for different purposes. They read a range of paper materials throughout the day in various locations to gain knowledge, for pleasure, for mood change, to escape, and out of obligation. They also read a range of online materials due to the availability of a large choice, efficiency, accessibility, low cost, up-to-date nature, and environmental considerations. The different media revealed different reading patterns. With an increasing amount of time spent on reading online, a screen based reading behaviour is emerging. Skim reading, scanning, and speed reading were evident while less time was spent on in depth reading leading to less comprehension and content absorption/recall levels. There was a lower attention span on online materials therefore less concentration was also identified. Reduced relaxation levels were evident therefore the majority of individuals printed online materials to read. Overall, the amount people read had increased over time due to the vast amount of reading materials. Research limitations/ implications Online reading strategies and skills are required to address the identified impacts. Future research can be extended to more scientific evidence to justify these findings. It would also be fascinating to examine how new additions to online reading devices influence or alter the online reading behaviour. Originality/value One of the few studies that analyses the impact of the online environment on individuals' reading behaviour. In this sense, it provides a significant contribution to both academic literature and practitioners.</p>
Te Aukume o Taku Reo: He Aha nga Wheako ki ta te Akonga e whai Hua ai i roto i nga Wananga Rumaki?
Authors:   , Muller Maureen 
Published: November 2021

<p>The perilous state of the Maori language in Aotearoa continues to have an impact on the social, cultural and linguistic identity of Maori. Despite this critical state, Maori have been at the forefront of language revitalisation amongst Indigenous peoples globally. For over 30 years Maori have worked towards reversing language shift through different language revitalisation movements. These diverse language revitalisation initiatives recognise the importance of immersion wananga in not only the acquisition of language and culture but also in understanding and appreciating Maori identity. This thesis will examine the significance of immersion wananga and how this uniquely Maori pedagogical paradigm extends the student's learning experience beyond just the acquisition of language.</p>
The Effects of Microtubule Stabilizing Drugs on Macrophage Immune-Mediated Endocytosis
Authors:   , Joshi Praneta 
Published: November 2021

<p>Microtubule stabilizing drugs (MSD) bind and stabilize microtubules, thus inhibiting their normal function. MSD exhibit anti-mitotic effects which makes them attractive as cancer chemotherapeutics and much of existing research has focused on these effects in proliferating cells. In contrast, we are interested in assessing the effects of microtubule stabilization on non-proliferating cells, such as macrophages, to determine potential mitosis-independent actions of MSD on microtubule function. Thus, we investigated the effects of MSD on macrophage receptor-mediated endocytosis of low density lipoproteins (LDL) and found no significant effect on the ability of paclitaxel-treated macrophages to endocytose LDL. Alterations to macrophage phagocytic and killing efficiency due to treatment with paclitaxel, peloruside or docetaxel, as well as the recently discovered compounds, ixabepilone, mycothiazole, and zampanolide were investigated. Treatment with paclitaxel, peloruside or docetaxel did not significantly inhibit phagocytosis or killing of bacteria. Results from confocal microscopy suggest that paclitaxel alters phagocytic kinetics in macrophages. Respectively, zampanolide and mycothiazole significantly inhibited macrophage bactericidal and killing ability, while Ixabepilone enhanced bacterial killing. MSD treatment also altered production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) and nitric oxide (NO) during bacterial killing. Optimal activation of macrophages with IFN-y did not alter the effects of MSD. Taken together, these results suggest that MSD have multiple immunomodulatory effects unrelated to their anti-mitotic effects. The data suggests that during MSD treatment, macrophage activity maybe altered or impaired, thus modifying the ability of patients to fight off bacterial infections.</p>
Le Tofi ne'i Vale Tuulima: Perceptions of Samoan Students, Teachers and Parents on the Place of the Samoan Language in New Zealand Today
Authors:   , Wilson Salainaoloa Lisa-Maree 
Published: November 2021

<p>While globally languages are evolving and changing, language shift has been most prevalent in migrant communities, particularly those with larger numbers living outside of the homelands, such as the Samoan community in New Zealand. This research explored the perceptions of a group of Wellington-based Samoan students, their Samoan teachers, and their parents about the place of the Samoan language in New Zealand today. This study of Samoan language maintenance was spurred by the census data which showed language loss was occurring, and that this seemed to be more prevalent amongst the New Zealand-born Samoan population. The aims of this study were to capture the views of these three groups so as to add meaning to the quantitative data, and provide information for future policy making and actions to address this situation - both for Government agencies, and the Samoan community itself. This case study gave priority to the youth voice as the future leaders and carriers of the gagana Samoa (Samoan language) and aganuu (culture). Using the talanoa methodology and through individual interviews, valuable insights were gained about the valuing of the Samoan language in New Zealand today, factors influencing the learning and teaching of Samoan, and who should be responsible for this. The findings were that all groups valued the Samoan language very highly as inextricably linked to the Samoan culture, identity and sense of belonging, and for communicating and showing respect - to elders especially, but also to all Samoan people. Of particular note, was the distinction between the intrinsic valuing of the language which was high, and its usefulness, for example in employment, which was not so highly rated. These differences may be a 'tipping' point for language maintenance. Other findings were that responsibility for the Samoan language was changing as the functional domains for language use and maintenance shifted from the home and the church, to the school. Parents' long work hours were a factor here. Finally, there was strong agreement that maintaining the Samoan language in New Zealand would require commitment and collaboration between government agencies, Samoan parents and community, teachers, and that youth must be included in these discussions. All three groups saw our talanoa as setting the basis for more serious community wide discussions.</p>
Autoethnographic Journey to Discover the Heart and Art of My Nursing Practice
Authors:   , Kimble Peter John 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis presents an autoethnographic study of the concept of 'compassionate listening' within my general and palliative care practice. I examined my care for people in critical life course moments to gain insight into the process of listening with compassion. This insight evolved through a process of layered reflection using a series of texts, particularly stories that captured critical moments in working with people who were facing crisis situations or who were dying. Writing and reflecting on these stories enabled me identify how I engaged with patients and their loved ones. I was able to explore how compassionate listening could be used to ascertain their needs, particularly when they were unable or unsure how to proceed. Compassion implies the capacity to acknowledge another human's suffering or predicament. Compassionate listening is a form of active listening that begins with the intention to be present for the person. It brings humanness, patience, an acknowledgement of one's own vulnerability and a willingness to interact with a person in a meaningful way that could alleviate some of their suffering. During this special encounter both nurse and patient reach an embodied knowing. In studying this aspect of caring I chose stories from my practice that were written over a number of years in different locations. I reflected again on these stories to gain deeper insight and asked colleagues to read some of the texts and give me feedback on my practice. Their comments were a valuable part of this layered reflective process. This thesis presents eight stories and a series of reflections on those stories and colleague's comments, which enabled me to explore compassionate listening as it evolved in my practice. This study contributes to an understanding of how the ability to develop refined awareness of meaningful interactions with people can enhance wellbeing for both the patient and nurse.</p>
Keats as a Reader
Authors:   , Paterson Alexandra 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis examines the poetry of John Keats through an exploration of his attitude towards reading. Keats's reading is characterized by openness, receptivity, and crucially, response. The first chapter explores the dynamics of this by analyzing some early sonnets about his reading within the greater context of this thought as he lays it out in his letters. For Keats, the poetic process, which includes both reading and writing, is an organic one. The second chapter considers his mediated reading, looking first at the Chapman's Homer sonnet as a celebration of translation and the social reading experience. This leads into a greater exploration of Keats's friendships and sociability, which are not only fundamental to him, but which also play an important role in his reading and poetry. The chapter considers the dialogue that occurs within Keats's marginalia, with his friends, and with the books and authors he reads. This dialogue illustrates Keats's positive relationship with mediation and influence. The theatre in particular is a site of sociability and adaptation, and, for Keats it is also a platform for poetic voice. The third chapter expands on the importance of the aural experience of reading for Keats, primarily through an examination of "mistiness," a term Keats uses to describe a positive mediated reading experience in a letter to John Hamilton Reynolds. Keatsian mist is a state of mind which, while obscuring one sense -usually visual - amplifies the aural sense and imagination. The fourth chapter comprises an analysis of Keats's poetry of 1819 in order to explore questioning as a creative mode of reading, and silence as an ideal site for the growth of the creative imagination. "To Autumn" presents the culmination of Keats's reading in an affirmation of his own poetic voice.</p>
Oral Health in New Zealand: Findings from the New Zealand Health Survey 2006/07
Authors:   , Lankshear Lisa N. 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis investigates oral health in New Zealand. This is carried out through an analysis of the New Zealand Health Survey (NZHS) which was undertaken by the Ministry of Health in 2006/07. The World Health Organisation recognises oral health as an integral part of general health and a basic human right. The New Zealand government also recognises the importance of oral health and aims to be proactive in addressing the needs of those at greatest risk of poor oral health. This analysis identifies those who have poorer oral health and less regular oral health care. The New Zealand goverment also aims for high-quality oral health services that promote, improve, maintain and restore good oral health to all New Zealanders. The results of the NZHS 2006/07 showed that the mean number of teeth lost due to tooth decay and gum disease in people aged 15 and over is 4.59 (4.56,4.61). This is strongly associated with age, with younger people having lost fewer teeth. Alcohol as well as fruit and vegetable intake had no association with tooth loss in adults. Fizzy drink intake was not significantly associated with poor child oral health, however a higher number of take away meals eaten by children consistently led to poorer oral health for those children. Ethnicity and deprivation were associated with tooth loss, regularity of oral health care, time since last oral health care visit, unmet oral health care need in the past 12 months and urgent unmet need. Those from more deprived populations had lower rates of regular care and higher rates of need and tooth loss. The final component of this thesis is a comparison of oral health outcomes over time, using NZHS 2006/07 and the New Zealand data from the WHO International Collaborative Study of Oral Health Outcomes 1988 (ICS II). It was found that in 2006/07 more 12-13 year olds are brushing their teeth 2 or more times a day than in 1998, and that the time since last visit to an oral health care worker for adults has reduced over time.</p>
The Condition of Security of Gated Communities under Private Governance: Findings from Residents’ Experiences and Opinions
Authors:   , Liu Francis Ju-Ting 
Published: November 2021

<p>The number of gated communities is rapidly increasing worldwide. Although security has always been one of the most appealing features of gated communities, studies show that there is no significant difference in crime rates between gated communities and surrounding non-gated neighbourhoods. How safe are gated communities? How effective are the enhanced security measures of gated communities in preventing crime? Are residents responsible for the condition of security in gated communities? All these questions need to be addressed to improve the safety and security of residents of gated communities. The study aims to examine the condition of security of gated communities by drawing on the experiences and opinions of residents. It used a quantitative approach, with a descriptive methodology. Surveys were distributed to residents of seven sample gated communities in Auckland. Survey results were analysed by descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations. In conclusion, the study found that the condition of security of Auckland gated communities is generally good as experienced and perceived by surveyed residents. ‘Security’ was regarded as one of the most significant factors for moving into a gated community. The majority of residents felt safe and secure both inside the property and within the community, and believed that their community was experiencing less crime than surrounding neighbourhoods. The study also found that the building manager, rather than the Owners’ Committee or the Body Corporate secretary, was identified as the most significant agent in the management of security related issues. The building manager was heavily relied by both residents and members of the Owners’ Committee. The study has presented basic findings about gated communities in the light of security and private governance. However, more research is needed to obtain sufficient data to discover the elements of successful crime prevention for gated communities.</p>