bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary study of local plant utilization (Mahogany) for natural textile dyes
Authors: Novita N , Dahlan D , Bahi M , Erni E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The use of synthetic dyes in textiles has bad impact on human health and pollution in environment. To solve this problem, it is important to get the information about the potential of various types of plants that can produce natural substances as dyeing agent. This research was to examine the colors contained in Mahogany (Swietania mahagoni L.) scattered in Aceh Province using three types of color fixations (alum, Lime, and iron sulfate). The various colors produced from this plant can be grouped into 2 colors i.e. grey and brown. The fixator had played an important role in binding the colors of the plant so that the resulting colors do not fade easily. Two textile products, pashmina and headscarf, are dyed using the natural coloring from mahogany and decorated with Acehnese traditional motifs are produced in this research. The authenticity from the natural dye cannot be produced twice from the same plant. Therefore, the exotic accent combined with the traditional motifs as well as the comfort of the consumers are important because it is not harmful to the health of the wearers. These reasons make this product very interesting in the market even though the price is high.
The Potential of Ciplukan (Physalis angulata l.) and patchouli waste extract (pogostemon patchouli pellet) as alternative sources of phytogenic feed additive
Authors: Daud M , Yaman M A , Usman Y , Aqmarina Y 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The research was carried out using the method of extraction and identification of phytogenic components of ciplukan and patchouli waste. The observed variables include nutritional and antioxidant content, phytochemicals, phytogenic compounds, and antibacterial inhibition. Data were analyzed descriptively and tabulated according to the variables. The results showed that ciplukan extracts and patchouli waste produce a yield of 9.75% and 1.02%, respectively by weight of fresh ingredients. Furthermore, the nutritional content of ciplukan and patchouli waste contains crude protein of 27.79% and 14.19%, fibre of 7.08% and 17.09%, fat of 3.43% and 3.85%, BETN of 27.46 and 40.87%, and the antioxidant content of 75.70% and 73.53%, respectively. The phytochemical test result shows that patchouli waste extract contains bioactive substances such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, and essential oils. However, ciplukan extract does not contain terpenoids and essential oils. Also, the antibacterial test result showed that patchouli waste extract had the largest inhibition zone against E.coli and Salmonella with an average diameter of 12.50 and 8.50 mm, respectively. Conclusively, patchouli waste extract has the potential to be used as an alternative source of phytogenic feed additive because it contains bioactive substances and acts as antibacterial.
The influence of motorcycle behavior on saturation flow rate at signalized intersections with and without exclusive stopping space for motorcycle (ESSM)
Authors: Kariyana I M , Suthanaya P A , Wedagama D M P , Ariawan I M A , Dissanayake D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Traffic in most developing nations is considered mixed or heterogeneous. Motorcycle and other vehicle’s behavior at signalized intersections would not probably have a similar influence on intersection capacity and time of the traffic signals. In theory, the saturation flow rate is a basic parameter to estimate the intersection capacity and time of the traffic signals. This study, therefore, aims to analyze the influence of motorcycle behavior on the saturation flow rate at signalized intersections in Denpasar, Bali. Traffic flow data are observed at four signalized intersection approaches that have similar width and traffic characteristics. Two approaches have exclusive stopping space for motorcycles (ESSM) while the other two do not. The study results show that more than 50% of motorcycles tend to be distributed beside flow at signalized intersections with ESSM on either light or dense traffic flows. In contrast, at the signalized intersections without ESSM, motorcycles are found to be distributed inside flow during low traffic conditions, while distributed beside flow during dense traffic flow. Besides, the saturation flow rates of motorcycle inside flow are less than that of beside flow at signalized intersections both with and without ESSM. A new method to estimate saturation flow is proposed.
Gendered space and sense of security
Authors: Liani V , Herlily  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Public facilities within the city area are expected to meet the needs of citizens in daily urban life. It should also be accessible by all genders to meet their basic needs such as interaction, information, and commuting inside the city. However, many public facilities such as train stations are considered gendered as masculine space. This spatial imbalance between men and women affects women’s involvement in the use of public facilities as well as their sense of security inside the city. Kevin Lynch’s “Performance Dimensions” theory in A Theory of Good City Form explains how Fit and Control aspects are important to see the connection between the city and its community. This paper will look at gender’s sense of security in Jakarta Kota train station and how Jakarta Kota train station provides security for genders as its user through fit and control aspects. The basic needs and conditions of humans in public space such as safety need to be fulfilled to support all types of society including genders.
Analysis of indexes exceeding water quality standards in the Yangtze River basin during the 13th Five-Year Plan period
Authors: Lin Lanyu , Zhou Mi , Yan Luyu , Lv Xin , Zhang Fengying 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Based on monitoring data from 615 comparable sections of the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) in the national eco-environmental monitoring network during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the spatiotemporal characteristics of Total phosphorus (TP), Ammonia nitrogen (NH3- N), and Chemical oxygen demand (COD) were analyzed. The results showed that during the study period, the overall pollution of the main rivers in the YRB had been mitigated, and the measured amounts of TP, NH3-N, and COD had decreased. However, the annual concentrations of TP, NH3-N, and COD had increased in nearly one-third of the sections, and in some sections they increased greatly. Increased TP was mainly observed in the provinces of Shaanxi, Sichuan, Hunan, and Hubei. Increased NH3-N was mainly observed in Hubei and Sichuan, and increased COD was mainly observed in Hunan, Sichuan, Hubei, and Shanghai. Since the first year of the 13th Five-Year Plan, the water quality of the main rivers in the YRB has continuously improved; however, in some sections the concentrations of some indexes already above water quality standards increased sharply. Under the protection strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Zone, the 14th Five-Year Plan will emphasize requirements for ecological environmental protection to improve the water quality in the YRB.
Simulation of cavitation phenomena near the wall
Authors: Wan Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The influence of cavitation phenomena near the wall was analyzed. When the cavitations occurred, the generation and annihilation of bubbles had the synchronous characteristic, which led to the periodic fluctuation of the medium density in the water supply pipe. The cavitation led to the fluctuation of pressure and caused the pipeline vibration. In addition, during cavitations, bubble collapse produced shock waves, impact damage to blades of pump.
Design and experimental research of test platform for characterizing a thermoelectric generator based on STM32
Authors: Zhang Xiyu , Huang Junyao , Zhu Guolou , Chen Yuxin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to solve the problem of low utilization rate of industrial low-grade thermal energy and actively implement the national policy of energy conservation and emission reduction, a low-temperature differential Thermoelectric generator device is designed and implemented based on the thermoelectric effect. According to the basic heat flow method of thermodynamics, the vertical installation sequence of the instrument is determined, and the simulated heat source is carried out in the laboratory. DJR-G type silicon rubber heater is used as the heating device, the fin radiator is used as the radiator and combined with the insulation layer to build the Thermoelectric generator test platform. STM32 microcontroller is the main control core of the instrument; tec1-12708t200 thermoelectric module is the power generation carrier; the main output characteristic parameters of the instrument are displayed on LCD in real time, and the change curve of the output parameters is monitored on the upper computer in real time. The experimental data show that when the load resistance is 2.5 Ω, it matches the equivalent resistance, and its output power reaches the maximum value; when the cold end of the Thermoelectric generator device is effectively cooled, its output power will increase by 0.1W. The conclusion shows that the instrument can effectively realize the Thermoelectric generator function and improve the utilization rate of low-grade thermal energy.
Excessive consumption transaction of renewable energy based on blockchain smart contract
Authors: Zhang Huilin , Zhu Wenrui , Wang Cai , Wang Ye , Li Tianran 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As an important supplementary method to help market entities to complete consumption responsibility weights of renewable energy in China, excessive consumption transaction needs an efficient and security trading mechanism. Therefore, a decentered listing trading system based on blockchain smart contract is proposed, which utilizes P2P transaction mode to complete the listing and delisting process of excessive consumption transaction. The feasibility of this trading system is verified by an example designed on Ethereum platform with compiling and allocating of smart contract, synchronization of ethernet and smart contract, and announcement of transaction information.
Research on the development of distributed power generation strategy through differential scheduling requirements
Authors: Ma Shiqian , Zhang Jie , Shang Jingan , Wang Tianhao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The development of high-penetration photovoltaic power generation is an important measure to realize the energy revolution. With the continuous increase of photovoltaic capacity, the electricity generated by distributed photovoltaic can’t be absolutely integrated to power grid in the future. It is necessary to improve the scheduling requirements for photovoltaic equipment so that the system can be in safe operation. First of all, four scheduling requirements are set for the grid integration of photovoltaic equipment from the perspective of grid scheduling, which is characterized by differentiated scheduling of power and electricity between the micro-grid composed by photovoltaic equipment, energy storage and utility. Then, the capacity optimization planning model of the photovoltaic and energy storage system is established with the minimum power supply cost of the microgrid as the objective function. Finally, through the case study, it is found that industrial and commercial enterprises have the economic motivation to invest in the construction of the photovoltaic and energy storage microgrid, which will strengthen confidence in promoting the rapid development of photovoltaic power generation.
A prediction of breakdown pressure from damaged deviated well
Authors: Zhu Juhui , Hu Ruohan , Gen Zhoumei , Zhou Wengao , Zhao Jin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
It has been proved that formation damage is an important reason of abnormal high breakdown pressure (BP), but few quantitative prediction model considering formation damage has been established. In this paper, formation is considered as homogeneous linear elastic small deformation material, an arbitrary deviated well is taken as the research object, in-situ stress and the wellbore injection pressure in the surroundings of borehole wall are calculated on the base of elastic mechanics. Additional fracturing fluid infiltration pressure is calculated based on the empirical relationship of permeability and porosity combined with Darcy’s law of fracturing fluid in poro-elastic media. Based on the stress superposition principle as well as the tensile stress failure criterion, the breakdown pressure prediction model of deviated open hole well with damage is established for the first time, and influence of formation damage on breakdown pressure is quantitatively simulated. For a given in-situ stress regime, the results display breakdown pressure of both damaged well and undamaged well increases with the increase of deviation angle and azimuth angle, the former is always higher than the latter. Moreover, the BP and additional BP Increment is not large when deviation or azimuth angle is less than 30°. On the other hand, additional BP increment rapidly rises more when damaged permeability ratio is less than 0.135 and it can even reach 10MPa in this example.
Detection of defects of different types in lead by laser ultrasonic SAFT
Authors: Yuan Jinjing , He Jianzong , Yang Ting , He Haohui , He Wen , Zhang Wan , Yuan Ling , Zhang Hongchao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Lead is widely used in the installation of high voltage cable accessories. Defects in lead tend to cause serious electrical accidents. However, there is no means to detect the sealing quality yet. In this paper, laser ultrasonic synthetic aperture focusing technology (SAFT) technology is applied to the detection of lead sample defects. The SAFT algorithm is used to locate and image the various types of defects in lead samples. The results show that SAFT laser ultrasonic is suitable for detecting sub-millimeter small defects in the lead. This technology has some application prospect in the detection of high-voltage cable sealing lead layer quality.
The thin and flexible triple-layered electrochromic device based on the multifunctional hydrogel
Authors: Zhao Shiqing , Liu Yan-Hua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Electrochromic devices (ECDs) are widely used in smart color changing windows, automotive antiglare rear-view mirrors and electronic wearable devices owing to their controllable for colouration, reduced energy consumption and modulated incident light. Traditional ECDs composed of complicated configurations, commonly five layers of structure, extremely increased the complexity of structure and fabrication process, especially cut down the performance of the device. In this paper, the introduction of hydrogel (The transmittance in the visible light spectrum reached up to 95%), both acted as the conductive layer and the dielectric layer, simplified the structure of the device to a triple-layered one. Flexible electronic products require good flexibility of conductive materials, so we introduced flexible Indium tin oxide (ITO) as the transparent conductive substrate, which have excellent bending properties, the sheet resistance increased only from 12.6 Ω/sq to 31.4 Ω/sq, after 2500 bending cycles. The assembled ECD has a slight transmittance attenuation (ΔTe/ΔT0=7%) after 1500 bending cycles. Importantly, the device showing excellent cycling performance, has just 2% attenuation of transmittance at wavelength of 640 nm, after 1000 cycles (ΔT changes from 32% to 30%), which also has a fast coloration and bleaching time, respectively 3 and 4.7 seconds. Compared with five layered structure, three layered ECDs show prominent advantages, accelerating the development of simple structure electrochromic applications in the future.
Effect of soaking time of blood cockle (Anadara sp.) shells powder with hydrochloric acid on the characteristics of nano calcium
Authors: Herlina D S , Sulmartiwi L , Masithah E D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nanotechnology is an applied science at the atomic scale. Nanotechnology engages the construction of small structures and devices by manipulating each of the molecules and atoms that has unique and strong characteristics. The aim of this research is to know the effect of long soaking of blood cockle (Anadara sp.) shells powder in the hydrochloric acid on the characteristics of nano calcium, which include particle size analysis, analysis of the levels of minerals, yield, and analysis of proximate (moisture and ash). The research using RAL with 4 treatments (control, soaking 24 hour, soaking 48 hour, soaking 72 hour) with 5 replicates. Particle size, levels of minerals, and analysis of proximate (moisture and ash) analyzed by descriptive methods, while the yield data were analyzed with statistic. The best result is on 48 hour treatment. It can be seen from the size of particles, the levels of minerals, and yield.
Underlying factors of cost overruns in developing countries: multivariate analysis of Jordanian projects
Authors: Faten Albtoush A M , Doh S I , Rahman R A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
While all project parties agree that exceeding the budget results in project failures, most construction projects in Jordan are suffering from cost overruns. Understanding the root cause of the issue is critical to solve the problem comprehensively. However, the previous studies lack information on the underlying causes that are resulting in cost overruns among the nation’s construction projects. The principal purpose of this study is to identify the most significant causes of cost overruns in Jordanian construction projects. Therefore, the researcher used the quantitative approach for data collection through questionnaire survey among stakeholders in the construction project. This study uses the principles of multivariate statistics in analyzing the causes of cost overruns in Jordanian construction projects. The findings revealed that the four major underlying causes for cost overruns in Jordan are financial difficulties, materials issues, design issues and additional works. Besides, the results also revealed that high transportation cost, unrealistic contract duration, slow decision making, extra quantity during construction, inadequate funds for project financing, inconsistent cash flows and payment problems faced by the clients from the government are critical sub cause for cost overruns in the region. The findings on the critical and underlying causes for cost overruns may help industrial practitioners in developing strategies to achieve better project success.
Application of the Beta Probability Density Function for Representing Infiltration of Water-Repellent Soil
Authors: Ren Changjiang , Zhao Yong , Zhao Xinyu , Lu Xianghui , He Guohua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the infiltration of water-repellent soil. The most suitable mathematical model to represent infiltration of water-repellent soil was investigated and water infiltration into this column was measured for both hydrophilic and water-repellent soils of the Guishui River Basin. The results showed a monotonous increase and decrease in cumulative infiltration and infiltration rate over time within the hydrophilic soil, respectively. In contrast, the results for water-repellent soil showed: (1) The existence of a turning point in cumulative infiltration above which the infiltration rate increased sharply, with higher initial soil moisture content resulting in an earlier and larger increase in the infiltration rate; (2) A larger stable infiltration rate after the peak compared to that before the peak, with the overall infiltration rate presenting a single peak curve if the beginning of rapid infiltration is ignored. The applicability of the Kostiakov, segmented Kostiakov, Gaussian, segmented Gaussian, Beta and segmented Beta function infiltration models were analysed for the two soil types. The numerical analysis indicated that: (3) The Kostiakov and Beta function models showed better applicability for both hydrophilic and water-repellent soils; (4) For water-repellent soil, the Gaussian function infiltration model not only represented the monotonous decrease in infiltration rate, but also demonstrated a steady infiltration rate during the initial stage and a gradual increase and decrease in infiltration rate pre- and post-peak, respectively. Similarly, the Beta function model was able to represent the monotonous decrease in infiltration rate, and the segmented Beta function represented the U-shaped change in rapid infiltration before the threshold as well as the gradual increase and right-skewed distribution curve of infiltration pre- and post-turning point in water-repellent soil. The Beta function model achieved the highest simulation accuracy and showed the widest applicability.
A Study on Drying Control of Seed Cotton based on BP Neural Network Model
Authors: Feng Xianying , Guo Chunli , Li Pengcheng , Yang Bingsheng , Li Huaikun , Gao Haiqiang , Zhang Chengliang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to solve the storage, transportation and processing problems caused by too high or too low percentage of moisture regain in cotton processing, a general online flexible combination intelligent drying process scheme was designed based on two drying equipment, vertical drying tower and tower dryer. Firstly, based on BP neural network model, the relationship between the initial percentage of moisture regain, target percentage of moisture regain and hot air temperature is established. Secondly, DS18B20 single-bus temperature sensor is used to construct the multi-point temperature detection feedback system of drying system. Then, based on the feedback signal of temperature measurement, the temperature set value output by BP neural network model and the fuzzy PID model of seed cotton drying, the opening control of the heat source regulating valve is realized, so that the measured temperature at the entrance follows the set temperature quickly and accurately. Finally, the percentage of moisture regain of seed cotton was adjusted by controlling the hot air temperature at the mixing point, and the seed cotton was dried to the most favorable condition for processing. The test results show that the whole set of intelligent control process has high accuracy and can be used in actual production.