bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deviance residual‐based control charts for monitoring the beta‐distributed processes
Authors: Hwang Wook‐Yeon 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBeta‐distributed process outputs are common in manufacturing industry because they range from 0 to 1 based on inputs like yield. Under the normality assumption, Shewarts control charts and Hotelling's control charts based on the deviance residual have been applied to monitor the process mean of the beta‐distributed process outputs. The normality assumption can be violated according to the shape of the beta distribution. Therefore, without the normality assumption, we propose antirank control charts, exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts and cumulative sum (CUSUM) control charts. The proposed control charts outperform the existing control charts in the experimental results. The previous research has been focused on monitoring the process mean only. For the first time, in order to monitor the process variance of the beta‐distributed process outputs, we propose the multivariate exponentially weighted mean squared deviation (MEWMS) chart, the first norm distance of the MEWMS deviation from its expected value (MEWMSL1) chart, the chart based on MEWMS deviation with the approximated distribution of trace (MEWMSAT), the multivariate trace sum squared deviation (MTSSD) chart and the multivariate matrix sum squared deviation (MMSSD) chart based on the deviance residual. The proposed control charts are compared and recommended in terms of the experimental results. This research can be a guideline for practitioners who monitor the deviance residual.
Sperm immobilization test and quantitative sperm immobilization test using frozen‐thawed sperm preparation applied with computer‐aided sperm analysis
Authors: Wakimoto Yu , Fukui Atsushi , Kojima Teruhito , Wakimoto Goh , Okamura Naoya , Kamei Hidetake , Sugiyama Yukiko , Kato Toru , Hasegawa Akiko , Shibahara Hiroaki 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeIn a previous study, a new method was described using the sperm immobilization test (SIT) with computer‐aided sperm analysis (CASA). However, obtaining high‐quality sperm as needed was a known issue. Here, we compared the results of using frozen‐thawed sperm and fresh sperm for the SIT using the CASA method.MethodsFor the frozen‐thawed preparation, 500 μL of condensed semen and 500 μL of Sperm Freeze were mixed in a cryovial and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. Density gradient centrifugation was used for the collection of motile sperm in both the fresh and frozen‐thawed sperm preparations. A total of 50 serum samples were prepared for both the fresh and frozen‐thawed sperm with each sample tested containing 10 μL of serum, 1 μL of either fresh or frozen motile sperm suspension, and 2 μL of complement. Sperm motilities were measured using CASA after a 1‐hour incubation period for both fresh and frozen‐thawed sperm.ResultsBoth fresh and frozen‐thawed sperm reacted similarly when exposed to serum containing sperm‐immobilizing antibodies asserting the use of frozen‐thawed sperm for the diagnosis of immunological infertility.ConclusionThese results suggest the possibility of using cryopreserved sperm for the SIT when fresh sperm is unavailable.
Facile Bead-to-Bead Cell-Transfer Method for Serial Subculture and Large-Scale Expansion of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Bioreactors
Authors: Chen Shangwu , Sato Yushi , Tada Yasuhiko , Suzuki Yuma , Takahashi Ryosuke , Okanojo Masahiro , Nakashima Katsuhiko 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe conventional planar culture of adherent cells is inefficient for large-scale manufacturing of cell and gene therapy products. We developed a facile and efficient bead-to-bead cell-transfer method for serial subculture and large-scale expansion of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with microcarriers in bioreactors. We first compared culture medium with and without nucleosides and found the former maintained the expression of surface markers of hMSCs during their prolonged culture and enabled faster cell proliferation. Subsequently, we developed our bead-to-bead cell transfer method to subculture hMSCs and found that intermittent agitation after adding fresh microcarriers to cell-populated microcarriers could promote spontaneous cell migration to fresh microcarriers, reduce microcarrier aggregation, and improve cell yield. This method enabled serial subculture of hMSCs in spinner flasks from passage 4 to passage 9 without using proteolytic enzymes, which showed faster cell proliferation than the serial planar cultures undergoing multiple enzyme treatment. Finally, we used the medium containing nucleosides and our bead-to-bead cell transfer method for cell culture scale-up from 4- to 50-L cultures in single-use bioreactors. We achieved a 242-fold increase in the number of cells to 1.45 × 1010 after 27-day culture and found that the cells harvested from the bioreactors maintained proliferation ability, expression of their surface markers, tri-lineage differentiation potential and immunomodulatory property. This study shows the promotive effect of nucleosides on hMSC expansion and the potential of using our bead-to-bead transfer method for larger-scale manufacturing of hMSCs for cell therapy.
Heterogeneous nanocomposites consisting of Pt3Co alloy particles and CoP2 nanorods towards high‐efficiency methanol electro‐oxidation
Authors: Yang Niuwa , Chen Dong , Cui Penglei , Lu Tingyu , Liu Hui , Hu Chaoquan , Xu Lin , Yang Jun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHeterogeneous nanocomposites comprising chemically distinct constituents are particularly promising in electrocatalysis. We herein report a synthetic strategy that combines the reduction of Pt and Co ionic precursors at an appropriate ratio with the subsequent phosphating at an elevated temperature for forming heterogeneous nanocomposites consisting of quasi‐spherical Pt3Co alloy domains and rod‐like CoP2 domains for high‐efficiency methanol electro‐oxidation. The strong electronic coupling between Pt3Co and CoP2 domains in the nanocomposites render the electron density around Pt atoms to decrease, which is favorable for reducing the adsorption of poisoning CO‐like intermediates on the catalyst surfaces. Accordingly, the as‐prepared heterogeneous Pt3Co–CoP2 nanocomposites show good performance for methanol electro‐oxidation both in acidic and alkaline media. In specific, at a Pt loading of only 6.4% on a common carbon substrate, the mass‐based activity of Pt3Co–CoP2 nanocomposites in an acidic medium is about 2 and 1.5 times as high as that of commercial Pt/C catalyst (20% mass loading) and home‐made Pt3Co alloy nanoparticles (8.0% mass loading), while in the alkaline medium, these values are 3 and 2, respectively.
Attitudes of UK veterinary students towards careers in the production animal sector: A mixed methods approach
Authors: Payne Emily , Cobb Kate , Oldham John , Remnant John 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackground: Within the production animal sector, it has long been forecast that demand for veterinary services could outstrip supply. This study aims to identify factors influencing veterinary undergraduates’ attitudes towards a career in farm animal veterinary practice and how those factors may be influenced by their experiences during their time as an undergraduate.Methods: An online survey was distributed to all vet schools in the UK and Ireland. Thematic analysis and descriptive data analysis were performed on the 1146 responses received.Results: Seven themes were identified: relationships, preferences and interest, fit, direct experience, fear, ethics and values and lifestyle. When considering first job choice, extra mural studies (EMS) and personal interest (60% and 75% of respondents respectively) were very influential. Factors that appeal or put off respondents from a career in farm animal varied dependent on anticipated first job (p < 0.001), but working hours and out of hours were consistently identified as barriers.Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of EMS being more transparent about the profession and using the opportunity to discuss undergraduate concerns regarding farm animal practice.
Pharmacokinetics of zonisamide after oral single dosing and multiple‐dose escalation administration in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus)
Authors: de Matos Ricardo , Noonan Brendan P. , Schaefer Deanna M.W. , Morrisey James , Dewey Curtis , Buckles Elizabeth L. , Boothe Dawn 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere are few effective drugs for treatment of seizures in avian species.ObjectivesTo investigate the pharmacokinetics and safety of zonisamide in chickens.MethodsPhase 1: chickens (n = 4) received a single oral dose of zonisamide at 20 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected intermittently for 36 hr after dosing. Phase 2: chickens (n = 8) received zonisamide in a dose escalation protocol (20, 30, 60 and 80 mg/kg orally every 12 hr). The dose was increased weekly, and peak and trough blood samples were collected on Days 1, 3, and 7 each week. Two birds were randomly euthanized at the end of each week. Plasma zonisamide concentrations were analysed using a commercial immunoassay. Drug concentration vs. time data were subjected to non‐compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis.ResultsFor Phase 1, peak plasma zonisamide (Cmax) was 15 ± 3 µg/ml at 2 ± 1 hr (Tmax). The disappearance half‐life was 6.5 ± 1 hr. Mean plasma concentrations remained within the (human) therapeutic range (10–40 µg/ml) for 6 hr. For Phase 2 of the study, plasma concentrations of zonisamide remained within or close to the recommended mammalian therapeutic range for birds in the 20 and 30 mg/kg dose. Area under the curve (AUC) and Cmax were dose dependent. Two birds developed immune‐mediated haemolytic anaemia.ConclusionsZonisamide appears to be a viable drug for use in chickens at a dose of 20 mg/kg orally every 12 hr.
Dispersion state and hyperelastic behavior of tire tread compounds reinforced with nanoclay: Uniaxial tensile and compression studies
Authors: Shokoohi Shirin , Naderi Ghasem 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTire‐tread compounds based on natural rubber, butadiene rubber, and styrene‐butadiene rubber (65/20/15) were reinforced with Cloisite 15A. Clay state‐of‐dispersion in the ternary matrix (clay aspect ratio and clay/matrix interface yield strength) was estimated using Halpin–Tsai, Guth, and Leidner–Woodhams–Pukanszky micro‐mechanical models. The aspect ratio suggested by Halpin–Tsai (9.7) and Guth (16) models both propounded partially intercalated microstructure. Transmission electron microscopy micrographs indicated higher reliability of Halpin–Tsai theory. Wetting parameter values indicated the affinity of Cloisite 15A to disperse in butadiene rubber. However, it seems that clay particles were not provided with proper compounding conditions to further stabilize their thermodynamic state. The poor matrix/clay adhesion was responsible for the decrease in matrix/clay interface strength and thickness upon increasing clay content according to Leidner–Woodhams–Pukanszky. Hyperelastic modeling was conducted using Abaqus software (five strain energy potential forms) on the basis of large deformation uniaxial tension/compression measurements. Effect of nanoclay on the crosslink‐density of samples was justified by C10(Mooney–Rivlin) and locking‐stretch (Van der Waals) values. The sample containing 1 phr nanoclay presented the best fit to the hyperelastic models among the rest conforming to its small value of global interaction parameter “a”(Van der Waals model) calculated explaining minimum deviations. Overall, Marlow and Ogden provided the best consistency with the experimental stress–strain results.
Einleitung
Authors: Marwedel Peter 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel werden wir einige grundlegende Begriffe, die im Zusammenhang mit eingebetteten Systemen benutzt werden, zusammen mit der geschichtlichen Entwicklung
vorstellen, sowie auf Möglichkeiten, Herausforderungen und gemeinsame Eigenschaften von eingebetteten und cyber-physikalischen Systemen eingehen. Außerdem werden Aspekte der Ausbildung, Entwurfsabläufe und die Struktur dieses Buches vorgestellt werden.
Spezifikation und Modellierung
Authors: Marwedel Peter 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungWie können wir das System, welches wir entwerfen wollen, beschreiben und wie können wir partielle Entwürfe darstellen? Eine Antwort auf diese Fragen gibt dieses Kapitel, in dem wir Modelle und Beschreibungstechniken vorstellen, mit denen sowohl die Spezifikation wie auch Zwischenschritte dargestellt werden können.
Hyperbolic Wavelet Analysis of Classical Isotropic and Anisotropic Besov–Sobolev Spaces
Authors: Schäfer Martin , Ullrich Tino , Vedel Béatrice 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper we introduce new function spaces which we call anisotropic hyperbolic Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces. Their definition is based on a hyperbolic Littlewood-Paley analysis involving an anisotropy vector only occurring in the smoothness weights. Such spaces provide a general and natural setting in order to understand what kind of anisotropic smoothness can be described using hyperbolic wavelets (in the literature also sometimes called tensor-product wavelets), a wavelet class which hitherto has been mainly used to characterize spaces of dominating mixed smoothness. A centerpiece of our present work are characterizations of these new spaces based on the hyperbolic wavelet transform. Hereby we treat both, the standard approach using wavelet systems equipped with sufficient smoothness, decay, and vanishing moments, but also the very simple and basic hyperbolic Haar system. The second major question we pursue is the relationship between the novel hyperbolic spaces and the classical anisotropic Besov–Lizorkin-Triebel scales. As our results show, in general, both approaches to resolve an anisotropy do not coincide. However, in the Sobolev range this is the case, providing a link to apply the newly obtained hyperbolic wavelet characterizations to the classical setting. In particular, this allows for detecting classical anisotropies via the coefficients of a universal hyperbolic wavelet basis, without the need of adaption of the basis or a-priori knowledge on the anisotropy.
The genetic background of the associations between sense of coherence and mental health, self-esteem and personality
Authors: Silventoinen Karri , Vuoksimaa Eero , Volanen Salla-Maarit , Palviainen Teemu , Rose Richard J. , Suominen Sakari , Kaprio Jaakko 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Sense of coherence (SOC) represents coping and can be considered an essential component of mental health. SOC correlates with mental health and personality, but the background of these associations is poorly understood. We analyzed the role of genetic factors behind the associations of SOC with mental health, self-esteem and personality using genetic twin modeling and polygenic scores (PGS).

Methods
Information on SOC (13-item Orientation of Life Questionnaire), four mental health indicators, self-esteem and personality (NEO Five Factor Inventory Questionnaire) was collected from 1295 Finnish twins at 20–27 years of age.

Results
In men and women, SOC correlated negatively with depression, alexithymia, schizotypal personality and overall mental health problems and positively with self-esteem. For personality factors, neuroticism was associated with weaker SOC and extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness with stronger SOC. All these psychological traits were influenced by genetic factors with heritability estimates ranging from 19 to 66%. Genetic and environmental factors explained these associations, but the genetic correlations were generally stronger. The PGS of major depressive disorder was associated with weaker, and the PGS of general risk tolerance with stronger SOC in men, whereas in women the PGS of subjective well-being was associated with stronger SOC and the PGSs of depression and neuroticism with weaker SOC.

Conclusion
Our results indicate that a substantial proportion of genetic variation in SOC is shared with mental health, self-esteem and personality indicators. This suggests that the correlations between these traits reflect a common neurobiological background rather than merely the influence of external stressors.
Culture and mental health resilience in times of COVID-19
Authors: Tubadji Annie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper aims to clarify the role of culture as a public good that serves to preserve mental health. It tests the evolutionary hypothesis that cultural consumption triggers a microeconomic mechanism for the self-defense of mental health from uncertainty. The COVID-19 pandemic offers a natural experiment of cultural consumption under increased uncertainty. Using primary data from a pilot survey conducted online during the pandemic and applying Probit and Heckman selection models, the study analyzes levels of happiness and propensity to help others. The results suggest that past consumption of culture is associated with higher happiness levels during crises. Moreover, spontaneous cultural practices (such as group singing) during times of uncertainty are associated with an increase in the pro-social propensity to help others. These findings highlight culture as a tool for promoting mental health at the micro level and social capital resilience at the aggregate level.
A study of micromanufacturing process fingerprints in micro-injection moulding for machine learning and Industry 4.0 applications
Authors: Gülçür Mert , Whiteside Ben 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper discusses micromanufacturing process quality proxies called “process fingerprints” in micro-injection moulding for establishing in-line quality assurance and machine learning models for Industry 4.0 applications. Process fingerprints that we present in this study are purely physical proxies of the product quality and need tangible rationale regarding their selection criteria such as sensitivity, cost-effectiveness, and robustness. Proposed methods and selection reasons for process fingerprints are also justified by analysing the temporally collected data with respect to the microreplication efficiency. Extracted process fingerprints were also used in a multiple linear regression scenario where they bring actionable insights for creating traceable and cost-effective supervised machine learning models in challenging micro-injection moulding environments. Multiple linear regression model demonstrated %84 accuracy in predicting the quality of the process, which is significant as far as the extreme process conditions and product features are concerned.
Hessian matrices, automorphisms of p-groups, and torsion points of elliptic curves
Authors: Stanojkovski Mima , Voll Christopher 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe describe the automorphism groups of finite p-groups arising naturally via Hessian determinantal representations of elliptic curves defined over number fields. Moreover, we derive explicit formulas for the orders of these automorphism groups for elliptic curves of j-invariant 1728 given in Weierstrass form. We interpret these orders in terms of the numbers of 3-torsion points (or flex points) of the relevant curves over finite fields. Our work greatly generalizes and conceptualizes previous examples given by du Sautoy and Vaughan-Lee. It explains, in particular, why the orders arising in these examples are polynomial on Frobenius sets and vary with the primes in a nonquasipolynomial manner.
Einbindung von vielen Teilnehmenden in den softwaregestützten Ideenfindungsprozess
Authors: Brandt Marcel , Bader Philipp , Tavanapour Navid 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Artikel werden die Entwicklung und Evaluierung eines Ideenfindungsprozesses, der über eine hohe Anzahl von Teilnehmenden skaliert werden kann, vorgestellt. Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist, viele Personen effizient in diesen Prozess einzubinden. Das zentrale Problem bei der Erhöhung der Anzahl der Teilnehmenden liegt darin, dass nicht ohne Weiteres große Personengruppen in einen herkömmlichen Ideenfindungsprozess einbezogen werden können, weil sie sich nicht effizient beteiligen können. Es wird hierbei untersucht, wie gleichzeitig und am gleichen räumlichen Ort Ideen digital gesammelt, kategorisiert, priorisiert und vorgestellt werden können. Dafür wurde ein Prozess auf der Grundlage der 1‑2-4-All-Methode und eine Softwarelösung mit dem Konzept der Evolution-Methode konzipiert, prototypisch umgesetzt und evaluiert.
Associations between urinary hydration markers and metabolic dysfunction: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data, 2008–2010
Authors: Vanhaecke Tiphaine , Dolci Alberto , Fulgoni Victor L. , Lieberman Harris R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Growing evidence suggests hydration plays a role in metabolic dysfunction, however data in humans are scarce. This study examined the cross-sectional association between hydration and metabolic dysfunction in a representative sample of the US population.

Methods
Data from 3961 adult NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) participants (49.8% female; age 46.3 ± 0.5 years) were grouped by quartile of urine specific gravity (USG, 2007–2008 cohort) or urine osmolality (UOsm, 2009–2010 cohort) as measures of hydration. Metabolic dysfunction was assessed by glycemic and insulinemic endpoints and by components of the metabolic syndrome. Multivariate-adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used.

Results
Increasing quartiles of USG but not UOsm was associated with higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (all P < 0.01), HOMA-IR and elevated insulin (all P < 0.05). Compared with the lowest quartile, those with the highest USG but not UOsm had greater risk of metabolic syndrome (Q4 vs. Q1, OR (99% CI): 1.6 (1.0, 2.7), P = 0.01) and diabetes (Q4 vs. Q1, OR: 1.8 (1.0, 3.4), P < 0.05). Additionally, those with USG > 1.013 or UOsm > 500 mOsm/kg, common cut-off values for optimal hydration based on retrospective analyses of existing data, had less favorable metabolic markers. In a subset of participants free from diabetes mellitus, impaired kidney function, hypertension and diuretic medication, USG remained positively associated with FPG (P < 0.01) and elevated FPG (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
These analyses provide population-based evidence that USG as a proxy for hydration is associated with glucose homeostasis in NHANES 2007–2008. The same association was not significant when UOsm was used as a proxy for hydration in the 2009–2010 wave.

Clinical trial registry
Not applicable, as this was a reanalysis of existing NHANES data.