bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formação continuada de professores para uso de Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) no Brasil
Authors: Cardoso Milena Jansen Cutrim , Almeida Gil Derlan Silva , Silveira Thiago Coelho 
Published: February 2021

O presente trabalho analisa ações de formação continuada docente no Brasil que visam promover o uso pedagógico de TIC por professores. Para isso, foi realizada uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura, com base em publicações filtradas no SciELO, Portal Periódicos da CAPES e Google Acadêmico. Foram identificados 32 artigos dentro da temática, o mais antigo publicado em 2006 e os mais novo em 2018, que revelaram que a maioria das ações utilizaram-se de elementos do ensino a distância e centraram-se em professores de matemática da educação básica pública. A análise dos resultados de formação indicou que as ações contribuíram para o estabelecimento de redes de relacionamento entre os docentes; a construção de conhecimentos e a revelação de significados sobre as TIC; bem como o uso, reflexão sobre a utilização e desenvolvimento de interesse na utilização das TIC, além da formação de conhecimentos disciplinares e a aprendizagem dos alunos.
Wideband Systems with Energy Harvesting Units for 5G, Medical and Computer Industry
Authors: Sabban Albert 
Published: February 2021

Demand for green energy is in tremendous growth in the last decade. The continuous growth in production of portable RF systems increase the consumption of batteries and electrical energy. Batteries and conventional electrical energy increase the environmental pollution. Compact wideband efficient antennas are crucial for energy harvesting commercial portable sensors and systems. Small antennas have low efficiency. The efficiency of 5G, IoT communication and energy harvesting systems may be improved by using wideband efficient antennas. Ultra-wideband portable harvesting systems are presented in this chapter. This chapter presents new Ultra-Wideband energy harvesting system and antennas in frequencies ranging from 0.15GHz to 18GHz. Three wideband antennas cover the frequency range from 0.15GHz to 18GHz. A wideband metamaterial antenna with metallic strips covers the frequency range from 0.15GHz to 0.42GHz. The antenna bandwidth is around 75% for VSWR better than 2.3:1. A wideband slot antenna covers the frequency range from 0.4GHz to 6.4GHz. A wideband fractal notch antenna covers the frequency range from 6GHz to 18GHz. Printed passive and active notch and slot antennas are compact, low cost and have low volume. The active antennas may be employed in energy harvesting portable systems. The antennas and the harvesting system components may be assembled on the same, printed board. The antennas bandwidth is from 75–200% for VSWR better than 3:1. The antennas gain is around 3 dBi with efficiency higher than 90%. The antennas electrical parameters were computed by using 3D electromagnetic software in free space and in vicinity of the human body. There is a good agreement between computed and measured results.
Towards Decolonising Computational Sciences
Authors: Birhane Abeba , Guest Olivia 
Published: February 2021

This article sets out our perspective on how to begin the journey of decolonising computational fi elds, such as data and cognitive sciences. We see this struggle as requiring two basic steps: a) realisation that the present-day system has inherited, and still enacts, hostile, conservative, and oppressive behaviours and principles towards women of colour; and b) rejection of the idea that centring individual people is a solution to system-level problems. The longer we ignore these two steps, the more “our” academic system maintains its toxic structure, excludes, and harms Black women and other minoritised groups. This also keeps the door open to discredited pseudoscience, like eugenics and physiognomy. We propose that grappling with our fi elds’ histories and heritage holds the key to avoiding mistakes of the past. In contrast to, for example, initiatives such as “diversity boards”, which can be harmful because they superfi cially appear reformatory but nonetheless center whiteness and maintain the status quo. Building on the work of many women of colour, we hope to advance the dialogue required to build both a grass-roots and a top-down re-imagining of computational sciences — including but not limited to psychology, neuroscience, cognitive science, computer science, data science, statistics, machine learning, and artifi cial intelligence. We aspire to progress away fromthese fi elds’ stagnant, sexist, and racist shared past into an ecosystem that welcomes and nurturesdemographically diverse researchers and ideas that critically challenge the status quo.
Is there a link between pre-existing antibodies acquired due to childhood vaccinations or past infections and COVID-19? A case control study
Authors: Sumbul Bilge , Sumbul Hilmi Erdem , Okyay Ramazan Azim , Gülümsek Erdinç , Şahin Ahmet Rıza , Boral Baris , Koçyiğit Burhan Fatih , Alfishawy Mostafa , Gold Jeffrey , Tasdogan ALİ Muhittin 
Published: February 2021

Background
There is growing evidence indicating that children are less affected from COVID-19. Some authors speculate that childhood vaccinations may provide some cross-protection against COVID-19. In this study, our aim was to compare the circulating antibody titers for multiple childhood vaccine antigens, as an indicator of the state of immune memory between patients with COVID-19 and healthy controls, with a specific aim to identify the association between disease severity and antibody titrations which may indicate a protective function related to vaccine or disease induced memory.

Methods
This study is a case-control study including 53 patients with COVID-19 and 40 healthy volunteers. COVID-19 severity was divided into three groups: asymptomatic, mild and severe. We measured the same set of antibody titers for vaccine antigens, and a set of biochemical and infection markers, in both the case and control groups.

Results
Rubella (p = 0.003), pneumococcus (p = 0.002), and Bordetella pertussis (p < 0.0001) titers were found to be significantly lower in the case group than the control group. There was a significant decline in pneumococcus titers with severity of disease (p = 0.021) and a significant association with disease severity for Bordetella pertussis titers (p = 0.014) among COVID patients. Levels of AST, procalcitonin, ferritin and D-dimer significantly increased with the disease severity.

Discussion
Our study supports the hypothesis that pre-existing immune memory, as monitored using circulating antibodies, acquired from childhood vaccinations, or past infections confer some protection against COVID-19. Randomized controlled studies are needed to support a definitive conclusion.
Retrospective Evaluation of Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia in Libyan Children
Authors: Elhashmi Haloom Abdel Salam , Abdulhamid Ainour Ibrahim 
Published: February 2021

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is the most common cause of acquired thrombocytopenia in children. Approximately 10-20% of children with Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) suffer from a chronic clinical disease that requires follow up and medical intervention according to the severity of bleeding manifestation.
Aims: To evaluate the demographic, clinical, and laboratory features, treatment modalities, and response to therapy in Libyan children with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenia.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the hematology clinic of the pediatric department, Benghazi medical center, and Benghazi Children Hospital. The duration of the study was from January 1998 to December 2018. comprised of demographics, clinical, laboratory data, therapy and therapy response in Libyan chronic ITP.
Results: In our study, the mean age of chronic ITP patients was 4.9 years, slightly higher in male patients 43 (52.4%) With a male/female ratio 1.1:1. The most frequent symptoms were mild which were limited to bruises and petechiae on the skin. (57.3%). The preceding history of viral infection was uncommon in patients with chronic ITP (22%) while the past history of MMR vaccination is quite rare and constituted only (2%). The mean platelet count before treatment (i.e. at presentation) was (22.7x109/L) while mean platelet count after treatment (213.6 x109/L. Treatment consisted of combined Steroid + IVIG in 27 (77.1% response), steroids in 23 (73.9% response), intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in 11 (90.9% response), and no therapy in 21 (95.2% response).Complete response was achieved in 82.9% % showed a complete response either spontaneous or following the treatment. No patient was presented with intracranial hemorrhage.
Conclusions: Chronic ITP in Libyan children had a benign nature, none of our patients developed severe symptoms as life-threatening bleeding like CNS bleeding or died, IVIG give more optimistic response as compare to steroid. And the majority of children with chronic ITP in this study achieved remission.
MANEJO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS E DE ÁGUAS PLUVIAIS: O (DES)CONTROLE SOCIAL EM BELÉM, PARÁ
Authors: Brito Daniel Alex Chagas , Seabra Larissa Cardoso , Lima Paola De Mello , Souza Cezarina Maria Nobre 
Published: February 2021

<p>O estudo se propôs a caracterizar quantitativa e qualitativamente a atuação dos conselhos gestores de políticas públicas ligadas ao saneamento, no que tange ao manejo de resíduos sólidos e de águas pluviais, no município de Belém. Foram contatados 16 conselhos, com o fim de obter atas e resoluções que abordassem os temas de interesse, objetivando identificar: 1) quais conselhos, no âmbito da relação do saneamento com a saúde, o ambiente e o desenvolvimento urbano, têm pautas relacionadas aos dois temas em estudo; 2) quais conteúdos específicos são tratados nessas pautas; e 3) as consequências dessas pautas quanto à produção de Resoluções, Moções, etc. que formalizem e materializem a atuação dos conselhos que as produziram. Após a leitura crítica das atas e resoluções, os resultados obtidos revelaram que nenhum conselho contatado controla o serviço de manejo de águas pluviais em Belém, uma vez que este tema não foi tratado em nenhuma das atas consultadas dos conselhos participantes do estudo. O controle sobre o serviço de manejo de resíduos sólidos somente foi exercido em uma única abordagem por um conselho estadual, uma vez que os conselhos municipais contatados permaneceram ausentes dessa discussão.</p><p> </p><p align="center">SOLID WASTE AND RAINWATER MANAGEMENT: LACK OF SOCIAL CONTROL IN BELÉM OF PARÁ</p><p>The study aimed to characterize quantitatively and qualitatively the performance of public policy management councils related to sanitation, with regard to the management of solid waste and the management of rainwater, in the municipality of Belém. 16 councils were contacted in order to obtain minutes and resolutions that addresses the topics of interest to: 1) identify which councils, within the scope of the relationship between sanitation and health, the environment and urban development, have guidelines related to the two themes under study; 2) identify which specific contents are covered in these guidelines; 3) to identify the consequences of these guidelines regarding the production of Resolutions, Motions, etc., that formalize and materialize the performance of the councils that produced them. After a critical reading of the minutes and resolutions, the results obtained reveal that no council contacted controls the rainwater management service in Belém, since this topic was not addressed in any of the consulted minutes of the three municipal councils participating in the study. The control over the solid waste management service was only exercised in a single approach and by a state council, since the municipal councils contacted remained absent from this discussion.</p>
Dominação Abstrata. Capital: Sujeito Histórico
Authors: Araujo Paulo Henrique Furtado de 
Published: February 2021

<p>O artigo, recorrendo às abordagens de Postone, Chasin e Lukács, sustenta que Marx, ao instaurar sua crítica ontológica da economia política a partir de 1857-58, modifica sua compreensão da categoria substância – herdada de Hegel – e, por decorrência, altera seu entendimento do sujeito histórico – sujeito-objeto idêntico. Se até esse momento o pobre, o miserável, o desamparado, o sofredor, em uma palavra o proletário, era entendido como o sujeito-objeto idêntico, o sujeito da história; a partir constituição do giro ontológico registrado já nos <em>Grundrisse</em> e consolidado no Livro Primeiro de <em>O Capital</em>, o sujeito-objeto idêntico, o sujeito da história é a substância automovente – o capital. </p><p> </p>
Species data for understanding biodiversity dynamics: The what, where and when of species occurrence data collection
Authors: Petersen Tanja K. , Speed James D. M. , Grøtan Vidar , Austrheim Gunnar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract1. The availability and quantity of observational species occurrence records have greatly increased due to technological advancements and the rise of online portals, such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), coalescing occurrence records from multiple datasets. It is well‐established that such records are biased in time, space and taxonomy, but whether these datasets differ in relation to origin have not been assessed. If biases are specific to different types of datasets, and the relative contribution from these datasets have changed over time, these shifting biases will have implications for interpretations of results and, consequentially, for management and conservation measures.2. We examined observational GBIF records from Norway to test potential differences in taxonomic, time and land‐cover biases between 10 different datasets, with a focus on red‐listed and non‐native species.3. The datasets differ in their taxonomic coverage, with datasets dominated by citizen scientist recorders focusing greatly on birds. The number of records has increased over time; in particular, citizen science datasets have had a sharp increase in recent years.4. The different datasets (including division of the datasets by conservation status) showed differences in geographical coverage. Anthropogenic land covers have more records than would be expected by chance in the majority of cases. Remote areas have fewer records than would be expected, underlining the prevalence of a roadside bias.5. Accounting for biases in opportunistic species occurrence records need to be a dynamic rather than static process, as the taxonomic and geographical biases have changed over time and differ between datasets, depending on origin and inherent characteristics. Data‐collection programmes should be designed to counteract the biases of the specific datasets, and methods to account for the biases in existing data should be developed. When utilizing compiled, open‐source data, care must be taken to ensure complementarity between the datasets, both regarding time and space. Incorporating strengths and accounting for biases between datasets can strengthen the integration between species occurrence records with different origins for science‐policy impact and management.
Optogenetic Control of Myocardin‐Related Transcription Factor A Subcellular Localization and Transcriptional Activity Steers Membrane Blebbing and Invasive Cancer Cell Motility
Authors: Zhao Bing , Grosse Robert 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe myocardin‐related transcription factor A (MRTF‐A) controls the transcriptional activity of the serum response factor (SRF) in a tightly controlled actin‐dependent manner. In turn, MRTF‐A is crucial for many actin‐dependent processes including adhesion, migration, and contractility and has emerged as a novel target for anti‐tumor strategies. MRTF‐A rapidly shuttles between cytoplasmic and nuclear compartment via dynamic actin interactions within its N‐terminal RPEL domain. Here, optogenetics is used to spatiotemporally control MRTF‐A nuclear localization by blue light using the light‐oxygen‐voltage‐sensing domain 2‐domain based system LEXY (light‐inducible nuclear export system). It is found that light‐regulated nuclear export of MRTF‐A occurs within 10–20 min. Importantly, MRTF‐A‐LEXY shuttling is independent of perturbations of actin dynamics. Furthermore, light‐regulation of MRTF‐A‐LEXY is reversible and repeatable for several cycles of illumination and its subcellular localization correlates with SRF transcriptional activity. As a consequence, optogenetic control of MRTF‐A subcellular localization determines subsequent cytoskeletal dynamics such as non‐apoptotic plasma membrane blebbing as well as invasive tumor‐cell migration through 3D collagen matrix. This data demonstrates robust optogenetic regulation of MRTF as a powerful tool to control SRF‐dependent transcription as well as cell motile behavior.
Surface Reduction State Determines Stabilization and Incorporation of Rh on α‐Fe2O3(11¯02)
Authors: Kraushofer Florian , Resch Nikolaus , Eder Moritz , Rafsanjani‐Abbasi Ali , Tobisch Sarah , Jakub Zdenek , Franceschi Giada , Riva Michele , Meier Matthias , Schmid Michael , Diebold Ulrike , Parkinson Gareth S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIron oxides (FeOx) are among the most common support materials utilized in single atom catalysis. The support is nominally Fe2O3, but strongly reductive treatments are usually applied to activate the as‐synthesized catalyst prior to use. Here, Rh adsorption and incorporation on the () surface of hematite (α‐Fe2O3) are studied, which switches from a stoichiometric (1 × 1) termination to a reduced (2 × 1) reconstruction in reducing conditions. Rh atoms form clusters at room temperature on both surface terminations, but Rh atoms incorporate into the support lattice as isolated atoms upon annealing above 400 °C. Under mildly oxidizing conditions, the incorporation process is so strongly favored that even large Rh clusters containing hundreds of atoms dissolve into the surface. Based on a combination of low‐energy ion scattering (LEIS), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) data, as well as density functional theory (DFT), it is concluded that the Rh atoms are stabilized in the immediate subsurface, rather than the surface layer.
Bone Mineral Analogue Ceramic Block as an Instant Adhesive to Biological Soft Tissue
Authors: Sugiura Yuki , Okada Masahiro , Hirano Ken , Matsumoto Takuya 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe disadvantages of surgical sutures, such as secondary tissue damage, surgical site infection, and liquid leaking, can be reduced by biological soft‐tissue adhesives. Although non‐bioresorbable bone substitute materials sufficiently adhere to soft tissues, enabling immobilization of implantable devices, their non‐bioresorbable property limits their clinical use. This study reports the excellent adhesion properties of octacalcium phosphate (OCP), a bioresorbable mineral analogue of immature bone. Blocks of OCP strongly adhere to mouse dermal tissues, enhancing their protein adsorption capacity as demonstrated in ex vivo shear adhesion tests. When soaked in antibacterial solution, the OCP blocks easily adsorb the antibacterial agents in their internal nano‐pores and on their surfaces, imbuing them with antibacterial ability. Therefore, the OCP blocks are a solid‐state material with strong adherence to biological soft tissues and, are especially promising for detachable body‐implantable and/or external devices.
Sequentially Bridged Ti3C2Tx MXene Sheets for High Performance Applications
Authors: Usman Ken Aldren S. , Zhang Jizhen , Hegh Dylan Y. , Rashed Ahmed O. , Jiang Degang , Lynch Peter A. , Mota‐Santiago Pablo , Jarvis Karyn L. , Qin Si , Prime Emma L. , Naebe Minoo , Henderson Luke C. , Razal Joselito M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe outstanding electrical conductivity and high specific capacitance of 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene have made them promising materials for a wide range of applications including wearable electronics, energy storage, sensors, and electromagnetic interference shielding. However, the fabrication of MXene architectures, both pure and composite, often results in a trade‐off in properties. Here, it is reported that sequential bridging of MXene sheets significantly enhances the mechanical properties of its free‐standing films, with improvements in strength and toughness of up to ≈339 MPa and ≈12.0 MJ m−3, respectively, while simultaneously retaining both high conductivity (≈4850 S cm−1) and volumetric capacitance (≈1220 F cm−3). This sequential bridging strategy permits surface modification of MXene sheets while still yielding stable colloidal dispersions so that the subsequent MXene films comprise of aligned, evenly‐spaced, and interconnected sheets, which are critical for the development of robust energy storage devices and other high performance applications.
Multiscale Co‐reconstruction of Lung Architectures and Inhalable Materials Spatial Distribution
Authors: Sun Xian , Zhang Xiaochuan , Ren Xiaohong , Sun Hongyu , Wu Li , Wang Caifen , Ye Xiaohui , York Peter , Gao Zhaobing , Jiang Hualiang , Zhang Jiwen , Yin Xianzhen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe effective pulmonary deposition of inhaled particulate carriers loaded with drugs is a prerequisite for therapeutic effects of drug delivery via inhalation route. Revealing the sophisticated lung scaffold and intrapulmonary distribution of particles at three‐dimensional (3D), in‐situ, and single‐particle level remains a fundamental and critical challenge for dry powder inhalation in pre‐clinical research. Here, taking advantage of the micro optical sectioning tomography system, the high‐precision cross‐scale visualization of entire lung anatomy is obtained. Then, co‐localized lung‐wide datasets of both cyto‐architectures and fluorescent particles are collected at full scale with the resolution down to individual particles. The precise spatial distribution pattern reveals the region‐specific distribution and structure‐associated deposition of the inhalable particles in lungs, which is undetected by previous methods. Overall, this research delivers comprehensive and high‐resolution 3D detection of pulmonary drug delivery vectors and provides a novel strategy to evaluate materials distribution for drug delivery.
Sorption and desorption of bicyclopyrone on soils
Authors: Spokas K. A. , Schneider S. K. , Gamiz B. , Hall K. E. , Chen W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBicyclopyrone is an herbicide that is marketed for the control of herbicide‐resistant weeds. However, there is a lack of extensive data on its sorption and factors that control its sorption in the soil system. In this study, we evaluated a series of 25 different soils, with a variety of properties to determine if an empirical relationship could be developed to predict the sorption coefficient for bicyclopyrone. Overall, there were no statistically significant relationships observed with organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, or clay content. There was a moderate negative correlation with soil pH (R = −.61). Additionally, Freundlich isotherm analysis suggests that the partitioning coefficient (KD) value could adequately characterize the sorption behavior for the range of soils evaluated here.