bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Working Memory Training Effects on White Matter Integrity in Young and Older Adults
Authors: Dziemian Sabine , Appenzeller Sarah , von Bastian Claudia C. , Jäncke Lutz , Langer Nicolas 
Published: April 2021

ObjectivesWorking memory is essential for daily life skills like reading comprehension, reasoning, and problem-solving. Healthy aging of the brain goes along with working memory decline that can affect older people’s independence in everyday life. Interventions in the form of cognitive training are a promising tool for delaying age-related working memory decline, yet the underlying structural plasticity of white matter is hardly studied.MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study to investigate the effects of an intensive four-week adaptive working memory training on white matter integrity quantified by global and tract-wise mean diffusivity. We compared diffusivity measures of fiber tracts that are associated with working memory of 32 young and 20 older participants that were randomly assigned to a working memory training group or an active control group.ResultsThe behavioral analysis showed an increase in working memory performance after the four-week adaptive working memory training. The neuroanatomical analysis revealed a decrease in mean diffusivity in the working memory training group after the training intervention in the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus for the older adults. There was also a decrease in mean diffusivity in the working memory training group in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus for the older and young participants after the intervention.ConclusionThis study shows that older people can benefit from working memory training by improving their working memory performance that is also reflected in terms of improved white matter integrity in the superior longitudinal fasciculus and the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, where the first is an essential component of the frontoparietal network known to be essential in working memory.
Downregulating Long Non-coding RNAs CTBP1-AS2 Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Development by Modulating the miR-93-5p/TGF-β/SMAD2/3 Pathway
Authors: Li Qiankun , Yue Wenjing , Li Ming , Jiang Zhipeng , Hou Zehui , Liu Wei , Ma Ning , Gan Wenchang , Li Yingru , Zhou Taicheng , Yue Wenjing , Chen Shuang 
Published: April 2021

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC), the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, has a high mortality rate. In recent decades, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proven to exert an important effect on CRC growth. However, the CTBP1-AS2 expression and function in CRC are largely unknown.Materials and Methods: The CTBP1-AS2 and miR-93-5p expression in CRC and para-cancerous tissues was detected by reverse transcription-PCR. The expression of CTBP1-AS2, miR-93-5p and the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/small mothers against decapentaplegic 2/3 (SMAD2/3) pathway was selectively regulated to study the correlation between CTBP1-AS2 expression and prognosis of patients with CRC. CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion were measured in vivo and in vitro. In addition, bioinformatics was applied to explore the targeting relationship between CTBP1-AS2 and miR-93-5p. The targeting binding sites between CTBP1-AS2 and miR-93-5p, as well as between miR-93-5p and TGF-β, were verified by the dual-luciferase reporter assay and the RNA immunoprecipitation experiment.Results: Compared with normal para-cancerous tissues, CTBP1-AS2 was considerably overexpressed in CRC tissues and was closely associated with worse survival of patients with CRC. Functionally, gain and loss in experiments illustrated that CTBP1-AS2 accelerated CRC cell proliferation and invasion and inhibited cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, CTBP1-AS2 regulated the malignant phenotype of tumor cells through the TGF-β/SMAD2/3 pathway. Moreover, miR-93-5p, as an endogenous competitive RNA of CTBP1-AS2, attenuated the oncogenic effects mediated by CTBP1-AS2.Conclusion: CTBP1-AS2 promotes the TGF-β/SMAD2/3 pathway activation by inhibiting miR-93-5p, thereby accelerating CRC development.
Inhibition of TMEM16A by Natural Product Silibinin: Potential Lead Compounds for Treatment of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Guo Shuai , Bai Xue , Liu Yufei , Shi Sai , Wang Xuzhao , Zhan Yong , Kang Xianjiang , Chen Yafei , An Hailong 
Published: April 2021

Background: Effective anticancer therapy can be achieved by identifying novel tumor-specific drug targets and screening of new drugs. Recently, TMEM16A has been identified to be overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma, and inhibitors of TMEM16A showed obvious antitumor efficacy.Methods: YFP fluorescence quenching and whole-cell patch clamp experiments were used to explore the inhibitory effect of silibinin on TMEM16A. Molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis were performed to confirm the binding sites of silibinin and TMEM16A. MTT assay, wound healing assay, and annexin-V assay were used to detect the effect of silibinin on cancer cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. shRNA was transfected into LA795 cells to knock down the expression of endogenous TMEM16A. Tumor xenograft mice combined with Western blot experiments reveal the inhibitory effect and mechanism of silibinin in vivo.Results: Silibinin concentration dependently inhibited the whole-cell current of TMEM16A with an IC50 of 30.90 ± 2.10 μM. The putative binding sites of silibinin in TMEM16A were K384, R515, and R535. The proliferation and migration of LA795 cells were downregulated by silibinin, and the inhibition effect can be abolished by knockdown of the endogenous TMEM16A. Further, silibinin was injected to tumor xenograft mice which exhibited significant antitumor activity without weight loss. Finally, Western blotting results showed the mechanism of silibinin inhibiting lung adenocarcinoma was through apoptosis and downregulation of cyclin D1.Conclusion: Silibinin is a novel TMEM16A inhibitor, and it can be used as a lead compound for the development of lung adenocarcinoma therapy drugs.
Cost-Effectiveness of Alirocumab for the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events after Myocardial Infarction in the Chinese Setting
Authors: Liang Zhe , Chen Qi , Wei Ruiqi , Ma Chenyao , Zhang Xuehui , Chen Xue , Fang Fang , Zhao Quanming 
Published: April 2021

Background: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor alirocumab reduce ischemic events; however, the cost-effectiveness remains uncertain. This study sought to evaluate its economic value in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) from the Chinese healthcare perspective.Methods: A state-transition Markov model was developed to determine the cost-effectiveness of alirocumab for preventing recurrent MI, ischemic stroke and death. Preventative effect of the therapy was gathered from ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial and absolute reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in ODYSSEY EAST trial, respectively. The primary outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), defined as incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained.Results: Compared with statin monotherapy, the ICER of alirocumab therapy at its present discounted price [34,355 Chinese yuan (CNY) annually, 33% rebate] based on clinical follow-up efficacy was 1,613,997 CNY per QALY gained. A willingness-to-pay threshold of 212,676 CNY per QALY would be achieved when the annual cost of alirocumab was reduced by 88% from the full official price to 6071 CNY. The therapeutic effect evaluation estimated by the magnitude of LDL-C reduction was superior to the results of clinical follow-up, but this medication was still far from cost-effective. Multiple vulnerable subgroup analyses demonstrated that the ICER for patients with polyvascular disease in 3 vascular beds was 111,750 CNY per QALY gained.Conclusion: Alirocumab is not cost-effective in general MI population based on current discounted price. High long-term costs of alirocumab may be offset by health benefit in patients with polyvascular disease (3 beds).
Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Among the General Population in Jordan
Authors: Khatatbeh Moawiah , Khasawneh Aws , Hussein Hasan , Altahat Omar , Alhalaiqa Fadwa 
Published: April 2021

Objective: Pandemics are claimed to result in certain stressors. However, the potential psychological impact of a pandemic is often overlooked. The current study aimed to assess the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Jordanians and to evaluate the influence of the socio-demographic variables on this impact.Method: The current study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design using the Impact of Event Scale—Revised (IES-R) via a web-based questionnaire. The researchers utilized convenience sampling which led to a total of 2,854 participants from the 12 governorates of Jordan.Results: The average score of the participants' responses on the IES-R questionnaire turned out to be 22.5 ± 11.7. Females were found to have more than double the odds of having an increased IES-R score [odds ratio (OR) = 2.2, confidence interval (CI) = 1.76–2.67] and participants who were older than 65 years had triple the odds of having the same risk compared to young adults aged 18–25 years (OR = 3.1, CI = 1.3–7.4). Significantly, having a family member diagnosed with COVID-19 placed individuals at a 7-fold higher risk of having an increased IRS-R score compared to their counterparts who did not have a family member diagnosed with COVID-19 (OR = 7, CI = 3.7–13.3).Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic has imposed significant level of psychological burden on Jordanians, especially among females. Governments should collaborate with psychiatrists, mental health professionals and local institutions to offer high-quality, timely crisis-oriented psychological services to the affected individuals for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Endoscopic Procedures in the Treatment of Ureteroenteric Anastomotic Strictures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lu Xun , Wang Yiduo , Chen Qi , Xia Di , Zhang Hanyu , Chen Ming 
Published: April 2021

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic procedures for ureteroenteric anastomotic strictures (UESs) after radical cystectomy and urinary diversion.Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of relevant articles through March 2020 using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register to assess the efficacy of endoscopic procedures in UES according to the PRISMA and PICOS criteria. The main endpoints were success rate and complications, and we also compared the efficacy of different methods and stricture length and side in UES. Cochrane Collaboration's Revman version 5.3 and Stata version 15.1 software were used for statistical analysis.Results: A total of 18 retrospective studies with 697 patients were included. The median follow-up ranges from 12 to 62.5 months. Patients treated with endoscopic procedures had an overall success rate of 46%. The pooled rate of Clavien–Dindo ≥ 3 complications was 3.8% among included studies. Laser vaporization and stent insertion (48 and 47%) had a relatively high success rate than balloon dilatation (35%). In subgroup analysis, the success rate of endoscopic procedures for ≤ 1-cm strictures was significantly higher than that for &gt;1-cm ones [odds ratio (OR), 8.65; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.53–21.21; P &lt; 0.00001]. In addition, the success rate in cases with strictures of the right side was relatively higher than that in cases with strictures of the left side (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.05–2.81; P = 0.03).Conclusion: Our pooled studies showed that endoscopic operation is feasible and associated with a moderate success rate along with a relatively low incidence of perioperative complications in the treatment of UES, especially with length ≤ 1 cm and right side. Although there is still no consensus on endoscopic technique for UES regarding balloon dilatation, stent insertion, and laser vaporization, we believe that endoscopic management is a safety and available approach for UES with close follow-up.
Brief Research Report Regional Difference in TRAF2 and TRAF3 Gene Mutations in Colon Cancers
Authors: Moon Seong Won , Son Hyun Ji , Choi Eun Ji , Yoo Nam Jin , Lee Sug Hyung 
Published: April 2021

TRAF2 and TRAF3 genes of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R)-associated factor (TRAF) family are involved in diverse cell signaling, and function as both tumor suppressor gene and oncogene. Alterations of TRAF2 and TRAF3 in colon cancer (CC) along with their regional difference and microsatellite instability (MSI) are largely unknown. In the present study, we analyzed TRAF2 and TRAF3 frameshift mutations in 168 sporadic CCs (100 high MSI (MSI-H) and 68 microsatellite-stable (MSS) CCs). We identified TRAF2 and TRAF3 frameshift mutations in 4 (4%) and 3 CCs (3%) with MSI-H, respectively, but none in 68 cases of MSS CCs. Of the 168 CCs, we analyzed the mutations in multi-regions for 39 CCs (16 MSI-H and 23 MSS CCs), and discovered that 12.5% (2/16) and 6.3% (1/16) of MSI-H CCs exhibited regional difference in TRAF2 and TRAF3 mutations, respectively. In the multi-region samples of 23 MSS CCs, neither TRAF2 nor TRAF3 frameshift mutation was found. In 40% of CCs, both TRAF2 and TRAF3 expressions were increased compared to normal colon cells. Our data indicate that TRAF2 and TRAF3 frameshift mutations and their regional difference as well as altered expressions are present in MSI-H CCs, which could contribute to MSI-H cancer development.
Evidence for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in the Urine of COVID-19 Patients
Authors: George Santosh , Pal Anasuya Chattopadhyay , Gagnon Jacqueline , Timalsina Sushma , Singh Pallavi , Vydyam Pratap , Munshi Muhammad , Chiu Joy E. , Renard Isaline , Harden Christina A. , Ott Isabel M. , Watkins Anne E. , Vogels Chantal B.F. , Lu Peiwen , Tokuyama Maria , Venkataraman Arvind , Casanovas-Massana Arnau , Wyllie Anne L. , Rao Veena , Campbell Melissa , Farhadian Shelli F. , Grubaugh Nathan D. , Dela Cruz Charles S. , Ko Albert I. , Berna Perez Amalia Z. , Akaho Elikplim H. , Moledina Dennis G. , Testani Jeffrey , John Audrey R. , Ledizet Michel , Mamoun Choukri Ben ,   and the Yale IMPACT Team
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Key Points

Using an antigen capture assay to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike S1 protein, we found that the protein is present in the urine of 25% of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Further, we found that 24% and 21% of adult patients with COVID-19 have high levels of urine albumin and cystatin C, respectively.The presence of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the urine suggests renal abnormalities resulting from COVID-19.

Background
SARS-CoV-2 infection has, as of April 2021, affected >133 million people worldwide, causing >2.5 million deaths. Because the large majority of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 are asymptomatic, major concerns have been raised about possible long-term consequences of the infection.

Methods
Wedeveloped an antigen capture assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in urine samples from patients with COVID-19whose diagnosis was confirmed by positive PCR results from nasopharyngeal swabs (NP-PCR+) forSARS-CoV-2. We used a collection of 233 urine samples from 132 participants from Yale New Haven Hospital and the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia that were obtained during the pandemic (106 NP-PCR+ and 26 NP-PCR−), and a collection of 20 urine samples from 20 individuals collected before the pandemic.

Results
Our analysis identified 23 out of 91 (25%) NP-PCR+ adult participants with SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein in urine (Ur-S+). Interestingly, although all NP-PCR+ children were Ur-S−, one child who was NP-PCR− was found to be positive for spike protein in their urine. Of the 23 adults who were Ur-S+, only one individual showed detectable viral RNA in urine. Our analysis further showed that 24% and 21% of adults who were NP-PCR+ had high levels of albumin and cystatin C, respectively, in their urine. Among individuals with albuminuria (>0.3 mg/mg of creatinine), statistical correlation could be found between albumin and spike protein in urine.

Conclusions
Together, our data showed that one of four individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop renal abnormalities, such as albuminuria. Awareness about the long-term effect of these findings is warranted.
Recent progress on antimonene: from theoretical calculation to epitaxial growth
Authors: Xue Cheng-Long , Li Shao-Chun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Monolayer antimony (antimonene) is an emerging 2D material that has recently attracted considerable attention due to its intriguing structure and fascinating electronic properties as theoretically predicted. In order to extensively explore this material in both fundamental research and potential applications, it is important to first prepare high-quality monolayer antimony. In this review, we focus on the theoretical calculations and experimental achievements for both α- and β- phases of antimonene, particularly through the use of molecular beam epitaxy. Moreover, we also provide insight for further exploring the appealing properties of antimonene and other materials with analogous structure.
Development of omnidirectional audible sound source using facing ultrasonic transducer arrays driven at different frequencies
Authors: Okamoto Kyoka , Okubo Kan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present an audible sound source with omnidirectional patterns in the horizontal plane using facing ultrasonic transducer arrays driven at different frequencies. In this experiment, ultrasonic transducer arrays were placed face-to-face on a straight line. They radiated sound with different ultrasonic frequencies from each side. Through elementary examination, we realized directionality close to omnidirectional in the horizontal plane using ultrasonic transducer arrays arranged in a circular shape, which is rotationally symmetric in all degrees. In addition, using an acoustic camera, a sound source region was found to be generated between the arrays.
A tradución como ponte cultural ou como unha viaxe a través da mente dos lectores. A recepción das traducións ao inglés das obras de Manuel Rivas e Domingo Villar
Authors: Linares Laura 
Published: April 2021

Nos últimos anos, os estudos de Tradución veñen vendo un aumento no interese sobre o lectorado de traducións, presente en estudos centrados na recepción de obras traducidas ben sexa a través dunha análise textual de recensións (Zhao 2009, Bielsa 2013, D’Egidio 2015, Saldanha 2018) ou de estudos realizados a través de entrevistas e grupos de lectura con lectores reais (Arnold 2016). En concreto, a recepción de obra traducida no mundo anglófono vén xerando un interese particular entre académicos que buscan comprender as expectativas e os patróns de consumo literario no contexto dunha cultura central e hexemónica. Este artigo explora a recepción das obras de Manuel Rivas e Domingo Villar no mundo anglófono e estuda como as recensións tanto profesionais (en prensa) como semiprofesionais (blogs) re-constrúena cultura galega segundo a noción de continuo homoxenización-heteroxenización-exotismo formulada por Saldanha (2018).
As coedicións de literatura infantil e xuvenil
Authors: Domínguez Pérez Mónica 
Published: April 2021

Neste traballo, pártese da teoría dos polisistemas para analizar as coedicións de literatura infantil e xuvenil entre as literaturas do ámbito español: a castelá, a catalá, a vasca e a galega. A través das coedicións realizadas e do xeito en que foron producidas e recibidas, pódese observar a situación en que se encontraban os diferentes polisistemas implicados durante o período estudado: 1940-1980. Como conclusión xeral, pódese dicir que as institucións da literatura castelá apenas participan nas coedicións debido á posición central desta literatura no ámbito español. A literatura catalá, pola contra, lidera as relaciónsde coedición, reflectindo así non só un maior desenvolvemento desta literatura, mais tamén un interese por fomentar outros polisistemas periféricos do ámbito español. Pola súa parte, as literaturas galega e vasca encontrábanse nunha situación máis precaria, e xa que logo, a súa participación nas coedicións foi menos activa e máis inestable
Hubungan Keterampilan Proses Sains Dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Padamateri Suhu Dan Kalor
Authors: Fitria Desi 
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian: Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk melihat hubungan keterampilan proses sains dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa SMAN 12 Kota Jambi pada materi suhu dan kalor (perubahan wujud). Metodologi: Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian asosiatif kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian koresional Teknik penelitian yang digunakan adalah teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah instrumen keterampilan proses sains dasar siswa yang terdiri dari 18 pernyataan dan instrumen tes kemampuan berpikir kritis pada materi suhu dan kalor yang terdiri dari 7 pernyataan. Responden terdiri dari 96 siswa kelas XI Mipa SMAN 12 Kota Jambi. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan skala likert. Temuan utama: Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti pada keterampilan proses sains dasar siswa pada materi suhu dan kalor pokok bahasan perubahan wujud menghasilkan persentase 52,1% dengan kategori tidak baik dan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi suhu dan kalor pokok bahasan perubahan wujud adalah sebesar 62.5 % dengan kategori tidak baik. Berdasarkan nilai signifikansi yang dihasilkan maka dapat dikatakan bahwa hubungan pada keterampilan proses sains dasar siswa dengan kemampuan berpikir krtitis siswa pada materi suhu dan kalor pokok bahasan perubahan wujud adalah sangat kuat dengan pearson correlation ,963 dan signifikansi sebesar ,000. Keterbaruan penelitian: Keterbaruan dalam penelitian yaitu berupa melihat keterampilan proses sains dan kemampuan berpikir kritis yang dimiliki siswa SMAN 12 Kota Jambi.
Accelerated Galaxy Growth and Environmental Quenching in a Protocluster at z = 3.24
Authors: Shi Ke , Toshikawa Jun , Lee Kyoung-Soo , Wang Tao , Cai Zheng , Fang Taotao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present a multiwavelength study of galaxies around D4UD01, a spectroscopically confirmed protocluster at z = 3.24, to investigate environmental trends. 450 galaxies are selected based on K

S
band detection with photometric redshifts (photo-z) at 3.0 < z < 3.4, among which ∼12% are classified as quiescent galaxies. The quiescent galaxies are among the most massive and reddest ones in the entire sample. We identify a large photo-z galaxy overdensity in the field, which lies close to the previously spectroscopically confirmed sources of the protocluster. We find that the quiescent galaxies are largely concentrated in the overdense protocluster region with a higher quiescent fraction, showing a sign of environmental quenching. Galaxies in the protocluster are forming faster than their field counterparts as seen in the stellar mass function, suggesting early and accelerated mass assembly in the overdense regions. Although weak evidence of suppressed star formation is found in the protocluster, the statistics are not significant enough to draw a definite conclusion. Our work sheds light on how the formation of massive galaxies is affected in the dense region of a protocluster when the universe was only 2 Gyr old.