bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What doesn't kill you makes you stronger? Evidence from vampire attacks on decentralized exchange and non‐fungible token marketplace
Authors: Zhao Xi , Li Jian , Wan Xiang (Shawn) , Zang Xinyu , Cheng Hsing Kenneth 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe examine the impact of vampire attack, a unique platform entry strategy in the blockchain ecosystem, on the operational performance of the incumbent platform. During the vampire attack period, the entrant (attacker) clones the incumbent platform and offers tokenized incentives to entice users away from the incumbent. Prior studies offer little insight into the impact of vampire attack strategy because of its uniqueness in platform cloning, tokenized incentives, and targeted attacks. We implement a quasi‐experimental design by leveraging the first and most famous vampire attack launched by SushiSwap (the attacker) against Uniswap (the incumbent). We examine both the deposit‐side and exchange‐side impacts of the vampire attack on the operational performance of the liquidity pools on Uniswap. Surprisingly, we find that the vampire attack has no significant effect on the liquidity provision on the deposit side. Even more surprisingly, the vampire attack significantly increases the incumbent's trading volume on the exchange side. We further uncover the underlying mechanisms contributing to these intriguing results. We also demonstrate the efficacy of the novel tokenized incentives strategy. We show the generalizability of our findings by examining an alternative vampire attack event in the context of non‐fungible token marketplaces. Our study offers significant contributions to the literature on the implications of blockchain on platform operations and platform competition in operations management.
Preparation of a 1,1'‐Binaphthyl‐based Chiral Polyimine Macrocycle Bonded Chiral Stationary Phase by Thiol‐ene Click Reaction and Its Enantioseparation Performance in High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Wu Jia‐Lei , Yu Li‐Qin , Zhang Hua‐Can , Wang Bang‐Jin , Xie Sheng‐Ming , Zhang Jun‐Hui , Yuan Li‐Ming 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTChiral macrocycles have emerged as attractive media for chromatographic enantioseparation due to their excellent host‐guest recognition properties. In this study, a new chiral stationary phase (CSP) based on 1,1'‐binaphthyl chiral polyimine macrocycle (CPM) was reported. The CPM was synthesized by one‐step aldehyde‐amine condensation of (S)‐2,2'‐dihydroxy‐[1,1'‐binaphthalene]‐3,3'‐dicarboxaldehyde with 1,2‐phenylenediamine and bonded on thiolated silica via the thiol‐ene click reaction to afford the CSP. The enantioseparation performance of the CSP was evaluated by separating different types of racemates including alcohols, esters, ketones, amides, organic acids, and ethers in both normal‐phase (NP) and reversed‐phase (RP) elution modes. As a result, enantioseparations of 10 and 15 racemates were achieved in the two elution modes, respectively. Meanwhile, the effects of chromatographic conditions on separation, such as mobile phase composition and injection mass, were studied in detail. Moreover, a comparison of the proposed CSP for the separation of the tested racemates with commercial Chiralcel OD‐H and Chiralpak AD‐H columns was also conducted, and results revealed that the proposed CSP can achieve some enantioseparations that cannot be achieved by the two commercial columns. This study indicates that the chiral macrocycle is a promising chiral selector for high‐performance liquid chromatography.
High specificity of an AI‐powered framework in cross‐checking male professional football anterior cruciate ligament tear reports in public databases
Authors: Diniz Pedro , Grimm Bernd , Mouton Caroline , Ley Christophe , Andersen Thor Einar , Seil Romain 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeWhile public databases like Transfermarkt provide valuable data for assessing the impact of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in professional footballers, they require robust verification methods due to accuracy concerns. We hypothesised that an artificial intelligence (AI)‐powered framework could cross‐check ACL tear‐related information from large publicly available data sets with high specificity.MethodsThe AI‐powered framework uses Google Programmable Search Engine to search a curated, multilingual list of websites and OpenAI's GPT to translate search queries, appraise search results and analyse injury‐related information in search result items (SRIs). Specificity was the chosen performance metric—the AI‐powered framework's ability to accurately identify texts that do not mention an athlete suffering an ACL tear—with SRI as the evaluation unit. A database of ACL tears in male professional footballers from first‐ and second‐tier leagues worldwide (1999–2024) was collected from Transfermarkt.com, and players were randomly selected for appraisal until enough SRIs were obtained to validate the framework's specificity. Player age at injury and time until return‐to‐play (RTP) were recorded and compared with Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) Elite Club Injury Study data.ResultsVerification of 231 athletes yielded 1546 SRIs. Human analysis of the SRIs showed that 335 mentioned an ACL tear, corresponding to 83 athletes with ACL tears. Specificity and sensitivity of GPT in identifying mentions of ACL tears in a player were 99.3% and 88.4%, respectively. Mean age at rupture was 26.6 years (standard deviation: 4.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 25.6–27.6). Median RTP time was 225 days (interquartile range: 96, 95% CI: 209–251), which is comparable to reports using data from the UEFA Elite Club Injury Study.ConclusionThis study shows that an AI‐powered framework can achieve high specificity in cross‐checking ACL tear reports in male professional football from public databases, markedly reducing manual workload and enhancing the reliability of media‐based sports medicine research.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Far‐Field and Near‐Field Manipulation via Multipole Coupling Phenomenon in Van der Waals Metasurfaces
Authors: Prokhorov Alexei V. , Novikov Sergey M. , Gubin Mikhail Yu. , Kirtaev Roman V. , Shesterikov Alexander V. , Grudinin Dmitriy V. , Tatmyshevskiy Mikhail K. , Yakubovsky Dmitry I. , Zhukova Elena S. , Arsenin Aleksey V. , Volkov Valentyn S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe advent of a new era of flat optics is due to the optical metasurfaces, whose large number of degrees of freedom allowed one to fabricate various optical elements on a single technological platform. The use of van der Waals (vdW) layered materials, which have a remarkable combination of a high refractive index, record optical anisotropy and bright exciton resonances, can lead to operating regimes of metasurfaces that are unattainable for their dielectric counterparts. In this work, the degree of freedom related to the optical anisotropy is used for control of the balance and competition of modes of vdW resonators, leading to the observation of both the well‐known hybrid anapole effect and recently predicted octupole quasi‐trapped mode (OQTM) regime in the same metasurface. Using far‐field and near‐field analysis of the metasurface composed of disks, both the common and significantly different features of these two effects are demonstrated and it is found that the remarkable combination of narrow spectral features and strong energy localization makes OQTM‐supported vdW metasurfaces a much more attractive alternative for creating flat nanophotonic devices, including narrowband converters, light concentrators, as well as surface‐emitting lasers and nonlinear light converters.
Olive and Linseed Oil Blend‐Based Nanoemulsions Fortified With Ginger Extract Nutraceutical: Mitigating Liver Fibrosis Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride by Regulating Oxidative Stress and TGF‐β/MMP9 Signaling Pathway in Rats
Authors: Essa Hend A. , Hashim Ayat F. , Abdel‐Aziz Nahla N. , Mohamed Fatma El‐Zahraa Sayed , Ali Alaa M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLiver fibrosis is a significant contributor to global morbidity and mortality, making the identification of non‐toxic natural therapies to slow its progression essential. This study evaluated the anti‐fibrotic potential of a nutraceutical blend comprising extra virgin olive oil, linseed oil, and ginger extract, formulated in both emulsion and nanoemulsion forms, using a rat model of liver fibrosis. Nanoemulsions were prepared using the ultrasonication technique, and their particle size and stability were analyzed via the DLS method. Twenty‐four male albino rats were divided into four groups: normal control, CCl4‐treated, oil emulsion‐treated, and nanoemulsion‐treated. Liver fibrosis was induced by oral administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), while the emulsions were administered daily alongside CCl4 for four weeks. Liver function indices, oxidative stress biomarkers, and gene expressions were assessed, along with histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. The results revealed that both emulsions significantly improved liver function, enhanced antioxidant capacity, and reduced lipid peroxidation. They downregulated pro‐fibrogenic markers (TGF‐β1, TIMP‐1) and upregulated anti‐fibrogenic markers (MMP9, HGF), leading to a reduction in liver fibrosis. The nanoemulsion exhibited superior efficacy compared to the emulsion. These findings demonstrate that the nutraceutical blend, particularly in nanoemulsion form, effectively attenuated liver fibrosis and improved hepatic health markers. This underscores its potential as a natural therapy for liver fibrosis and related conditions, emphasizing its nutritional value in supporting liver health.
Oxidative stress and cellular senescence: Roles in tumor progression and therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Jin Ping , Feng Xu‐Dong , Huang Cheng‐Shuang , Li Jia , Wang Hui , Wang Xian‐Mei , Li Lei , Ma Lan‐Qing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOxidative stress results from an imbalance between the production and neutralization of reactive oxygen species. It induces oxidative damage to cellular components including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and membranes, therefore intrinsically linking to aging‐related diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders. Emerging evidence suggests that oxidative stress may promote tumor development by influencing various aspects of cellular senescence, such as its onset, pro‐inflammatory secretion, and alteration of cellular function and structure. Modulating oxidative stress to target cellular senescence offers a novel strategy for cancer prevention and treatment. However, a thorough grasp of the specific mechanisms at play is lacking. This review will present the association between oxidative stress and cellular senescence and their regulatory role in tumor progression and treatment, with emphasis on senescence‐associated secretory phenotype, immunosenescence and therapy‐induced senescence. Current agents and strategies that remove side effects of cellular senescence via killing senescent cancer cells or modulating oxidative stress to improve antitumor efficacy will be summarized. This review will help readers better understand the complex relationship between oxidative stress and senescence in cancer, and will also provide a basis for further research in this area.
Administration of a Selective Antagonist for Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase‐Activating Polypeptide Receptor in the Hippocampus Causes Anxiolytic Effects in the Male Rat
Authors: Sato Kaito , Chiba Shuichi , Hatakeyama Taichi , Matsuwaki Takashi , Watanabe Gen , Kawaguchi Maiko 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide (PACAP) affects rodents' stress‐related behaviors, such as anxiety‐like behavior or fear conditioning. However, previous studies have investigated the effect of intracerebroventricular, but not hippocampal, injection of this PAC1R‐selective antagonist (PACAP‐6‐38) on anxiety‐like behavior. However, it has been reported that administration of PACAP‐6‐38 to the dorsal hippocampus reduces the fear response in a fear conditioning test. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether the effect of dorsal hippocampal PACAP‐6‐38 injection in Sprague–Dawley rats can affect anxiety‐like behavior assessed by an elevated plus‐maze test. As a result, rats treated with PACAP‐6‐38 spent longer time in open arms than those with saline, suggesting that this drug has an anxiolytic effect. In conclusion, the role of PACAP in the dorsal hippocampus can promote anxiety‐like behavior.
Primary thyroid B‐cell lymphoma: molecular insights into its clonal evolution and relapse
Authors: Tzioni Maria‐Myrsini , Watanabe Natsuko , Chen Zi , Wu Fangtian , Madej Ewelina , Makker Jasmine , Guo Sarah , Attygalle Ayoma D , Wotherspoon Andrew , Sugino Kiminori , Ito Koichi , Du Ming‐Qing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPrimary thyroid lymphomas comprise largely extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (EMZL) and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), followed by follicular lymphoma (FL). They commonly develop from a background of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), where dysregulated immune responses trigger autoreactive infiltrates and drive clonal B‐cell evolution. To understand how these lymphomas and their relapse evolve, we investigated 10 cases by mutation profiling, including five with metachronous lymphomas [primary lymphoma (EMZL = 4, DLBCL = 1) with local relapse (EMZL = 3, DLBCL = 2)], one composite EMZL and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐positive DLBCL, and four lymphomas (EMZL = 3, FL = 1) with prior or subsequent biopsy showing HT. In four cases with metachronous lymphomas, both common and distinct variants were seen in the paired lesions, indicating their divergent evolution from clonally related lymphoma precursor (CLP) cells. In the remaining case with metachronous lymphomas, the relapsed lesion was progressed from the initial lymphoma. In the case with composite lymphoma, the EBV‐positive DLBCL was transformed from EMZL. Finally, in the four cases with paired lymphoma and HT biopsies, two showed shared mutations between the paired lesions, indicating involvement and divergent evolution from CLP cells. Thyroid lymphoma relapse may frequently develop via divergent evolution from a CLP cell, which is likely premalignant. © 2024 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Comparison and analysis of measurements for crystallinity of PEEK and CF/PEEK composites
Authors: Lu Chunrui , Xu Chuang , Lu Xue , Ji Weichang , Li Siqi , Ma Ji , Ba Shuhong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPEEK and CF/PEEK are two significant materials whose properties are intricately linked to their crystallization behavior. This study employed three analytical techniques—density method, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and x‐ray diffraction (XRD)—to explore and quantify the crystallinity of Poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) and its composites. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to determine the resin content of the composites, which is essential for the density and DSC methods. The density method, based on Archimedes' principle, calculated both mass and volume crystallinity. DSC assessed crystallinity by analyzing differences in melting enthalpy, while XRD determined crystallinity through diffraction patterns and peak analysis. The results demonstrate that these three techniques can be effectively utilized for calculating the crystallinity of PEEK and its composites. Using the density method, PEEK exhibited a crystallinity of (26.53 ± 1.30)% by mass and (24.57 ± 1.24)% by volume. The prepreg, CF/PEEK, and CF/PEEK‐AA1 composites showed enhanced crystallinity values. Crystallinity calculated by DSC was 29.16% for PEEK, 55.35% for prepreg, 55.48% for CF/PEEK, and 53.50% for CF/PEEK‐AA1. XRD results provided crystallinity values of 46.35% for PEEK, 63.20% for prepreg, 64.80% for CF/PEEK, and 66.57% for CF/PEEK‐AA1, along with detailed information about unit cells and crystal planes. This study contributes to a better understanding of these methods, paving the way for future refinement and integration, thereby improving the precision of crystallinity determination.HighlightsCrystallinity study of PEEK and CF/PEEK composites by density, DSC and XRD methods.
Crystallinity calculated by methods in different principles are irrelevant.
Crystallinity estimated by density and DSC requires resin content.
Information on crystal and crystallinity can be obtained by XRD independently.
Crystallinity calculated by XRD is the highest.
Results obtained by density and DSC method are close.
Spatial Distribution and Comparative Analysis of Differential Metabolites in Curcuma longa L. Roots and Rhizomes Using UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap HRMS Combined With DESI‐MSI
Authors: Wang Jin , Zhu Ying , Wu Chuyue , Huang Qinwan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe roots and rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. serve as distinct traditional Chinese medicines with varying therapeutic effects, likely attributed to differences in the accumulation and distribution of metabolites in these parts.ObjectiveThe study aims to investigate the differences and spatial distribution patterns of metabolites in C. longa L. roots and rhizomes.MethodsMetabolite analysis of roots and rhizomes was conducted using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadruple orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap HRMS) combined with desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI‐MSI). Using principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) to screen for differential metabolites. The relative contents of differential metabolites were visualized using heat maps. Additionally, the spatial distribution of differential metabolites was analyzed based on DESI‐MSI.ResultsA total of 49 main chemical components were identified in roots and rhizomes using UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap HRMS. Through nontargeted metabolomics analysis combining UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap HRMS with PCA and OPLS‐DA, 24 differential markers were identified; Additionally, using DESI‐MSI alongside PCA and OPLS‐DA, 18 differential markers were selected. Based on the DESI‐MSI results, curcuminoids and sesquiterpenoids, including bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, furanodienone, furanogermenone, furanodiene, β‐elemene, and curzerene, were more abundant in the rhizomes compared to the roots. And these differential compounds exhibited spatial distribution differences in the epidermis, phloem, and xylem between the roots and rhizomes.ConclusionThe metabolomics analysis using UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap HRMS combined with DESI‐MSI suggest differences in the accumulation and spatial distribution of metabolites in C. longa L. roots and rhizomes, possibly related to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
Flame‐Retardant Self‐Healing Polymers: A Review
Authors: Kianfar M. , Ipakchi H. , Mohajer S. , Rasoulifard M. H. , Seyed Dorraji M. S. , Louaguef D. B. , Azat S. , Saeb M. R. , Vahabi H. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDeveloping multifunctional flame retardants (FRs) has become a strategy to reply on needs for advanced polymers. Self‐healing polymers are an emerging class of advanced polymeric materials, which have been upgraded progressively, and recently have taken the advantage of fire safety. Correspondingly, diverse industries like aerospace, automotive, construction and consumer electronics are benefited from flame‐retardant self‐healing polymeric materials, which underlines their increasing contribution to modern technologies. The self‐healing characteristics stem from intricate chemical and physical interactions, adopting self‐directed repair mechanisms leading to eliminating the need for frequent replacements, subsequently lowering maintenance costs and environmental impact. This review summarizes advantages of self‐healing polymers with emphasis on exploring highly innovative advancements among bio‐based hydrogels, aerogels, coatings, thin films, lithium‐ion batteries and advanced ionotronic skin (‐i‐skin) structures embedding sensing features for smoke detection and flame exposure warnings, further broadening their application in smart technologies and safety‐critical infrastructure. The outcomes of reports outline challenges remaining in developing such multifaceted materials in view of lack of information due to limited or exclusive investigations. However, further research may facilitate exploring dehydration, thermal shielding, and free radical quenching mechanisms contributing to flame retardancy performance of flame‐retardant self‐healing polymers. Sustainability and circular economy requirements are briefly discussed, in addition to outlining remarks on future developments.
A Novel Strategy to Prepare Hierarchically Porous Phenolic Resin‐Based Carbon Aerogel With Excellent Adsorption Performance
Authors: Zhang Qiaomu , Liu Lehao , Wu Zhuoheng , He Shaojian 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCarbon aerogel (CA), derived from phenolic (resorcinol and formaldehyde) resin, has being regarded as a promising porous adsorbent for water purification. In this study, we provided an effective strategy for preparing CA with a hierarchical porous microstructure. Acetic acid was introduced as an additive in the precursor solution to modify the microstructure of the xerogel, followed by KOH activation to further transform it into a hierarchical porous structure. The specific surface area of the hierarchical porous CA reached up to 1205.44 m2/g with a total pore volume exceeding 1.60 cm3/g. Consequently, the CA demonstrated an excellent adsorption rate, reaching adsorption equilibrium in approximately 240 min and exhibited a remarkable maximum dye adsorption capacity of 1.25 times its own mass. Furthermore, the adsorption processes of the CA for dye adhered to the second‐order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model. This study provided an effective approach to preparing hierarchical porous CA for efficient adsorption of organic pollutants for water purification.
Prevalence of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Duca Ana Paula , da Silva Rayane Délcia , Ribeiro Marcos , Gonçalves Flávio Magno , Taveira Karinna Veríssimo Meira , Filho Odilon Guariza , Zeigelboim Bianca Simone , de Araujo Cristiano Miranda , Santos Rosane Sampaio 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to determine the prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) in children, as diagnosed through instrumental evaluation, and to identify associated risk factors.MethodsA systematic search was conducted across six databases (Embase, LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science), as well as gray literature sources (ASHA, Google Scholar, and ProQuest). Studies involving children (under 12 years of age), diagnosed using instrumental methods such as videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) or fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES), were included. A random‐effects meta‐analysis was performed to estimate the prevalence, with heterogeneity assessed through meta‐regression. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist.ResultsA total of 31 studies were included, yielding a pooled prevalence estimate of 69% (95% CI: 61%–77%; I² = 94%). Most studies involved children with predisposing conditions, potentially contributing to an overestimation of OD prevalence in the general pediatric population. Four studies were assessed as having a moderate risk of bias, while
27 were rated as having a low risk of bias.ConclusionThe findings suggest a high prevalence of OD, especially in children with underlying health conditions. These results underscore the importance of early diagnosis and tailored interventions to mitigate the health risks associated with deglutition disorders in pediatric populations.