bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Delta Like 1-Expressing Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Human T Cell Development and Antigen-Specific Response in Humanized NOD/SCID/IL-2Rgnull (NSG) Mice
Authors: Lee Ki-Young , Kwon Do Hee , Park Jae Berm , Lee Joo Sang , Kim Sung Joo , Choi Bongkum 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Human delta-like 1 (hDlk1) is known to be able to regulate cell fate decisions duringhematopoiesis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to exhibit potentimmunomodulatory roles in a variety of diseases. Herein, we investigated in vivofunctions of hDlkl1-hMSCs and hDlk1+hMSCs in T cell development and T cell responseto viral infection in humanized NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγnull (NSG) mice. Co-injection ofhDlk1-hMSC with hCD34+ cord blood (CB) cells into the liver of NSG mice markedlysuppressed the development of human T cells. In contrast, co-injection of hDlk1+hMSCwith hCD34+ CB cells into the liver of NSG dramatically promoted the development ofhuman T cells. Human T cells developed in humanized NSG mice represent markedlydiverse in terms of TCR Vβ usages, functionally active, and the restriction to human MHCmolecules. Upon challenge with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), EBV-specific hCD8+ T cellsin humanized NSG mic were effectively mounted with phenotypically activated T cellspresented as hCD45+hCD3+hCD8+hCD45RO+hHLA-DR+ T cells, suggesting thatantigen-specific T cell response was induced in the humanized NSG mice. Taken together,our data suggest that the hDlk1-expressing MSCs can effectively promote thedevelopment of human T cells and immune response to exogenous antigen in humanizedNSG mice. Thus, the humanized NSG model might have potential advantages for thedevelopment of therapeutics targeting infectious diseases in the future.
Complete&nbsp;Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy in a Single Position with Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma and Comparative Outcomes
Authors: xiao chengwu , Wang Yang , Hua Meimian , Zhang Wei , Ren Guanyu , Yang Bin , Yang Qing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: To describe techniques for complete transperitoneal laparoscopic nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) with a single position and here to report our outcomes. Materials and methods: Between January 2016 and June 2019, our group performed 50 complete transperitoneal laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (CTLNU) and 48 laparoscopic nephroureterectomy with open bladder cuff excision (LNOBE) for UTUC without metastases in our group. The clinical data were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results: All 98 patients of radical nephroureterectomy performance were successfully without transferred into open surgery. No significant difference was found in patient’s clinical characteristics. Compare with LNOBE group, the CTLNU group had shorter operative time(98.5±40.3min vs 132.4±60.2min), less blood loss(60.4±20.3ml vs 150.6±50.2ml), shorter length of hospital stay(5.3±2.2d vs 8.1±2.3d), and shorter length of incision(6.3±1.2cm vs 11.5±3.2cm). Pathological stage, tumor grade, recurrence rate was similar between these two groups. Conclusions: Complete transperitoneal laparoscopic nephroureterectomy(CTLNU) in a single position had advantages of shorter operation time, less blood loss, and shorter incision length. This operative method could minimize invasive and accelerate recovery of patients which deserved clinical application and promotion.
Classification of Cervical Cancer Using Deep Learning and Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Park Yerang , Kim Young Jae , Ju Woong , Nam Kyehyun , Kim Soonyung , Kim Kwang Gi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Human and material resources are scarce in countries such as developing countries with a high rate of cervical cancer. In such an environment, the introduction of automatic diagnostic technology that can replace specialists is urgent. Finding best method of the known methods can accelerate the adoption of computer-aided diagnostic tools for cervical cancer. In this paper, we would like to investigate which method, machine learning or deep learning, has higher classification performance in diagnosing cervical cancer.Using 4,119 sheets, cervical cancer was classified to positive or negative class using Resnet-50 for deep learning, XGB, SVM and RF for mechine learning. In both experiments, square images which of vaginal wall regions are cut were used. In the machine learning, 10 major features were extracted from a total of 300 features.All tests were validated by 5-fold cross-validation, and receiver operating characteristics(ROC) analysis yielded the following AUC: Resnet-50 0.97(CI 95% 0.949-0.976), XGB 0.82(CI 95% 0.797-0.851), SVM 0.84(CI 95% 0.801-0.854), RF 0.79(CI 95% 0.804-0.856). Deep learning was 0.15 point higher (p < 0.05) than the average (0.82) of three machine learning methods.We propose an better algorithm among the previously known or newly proposed algorithms for diagnosis of cervical cancer using cervicography images.
A Novel Mutation of COL2A1 in a Large Chinese Family with Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: Zhang Zeng , Zhu Kechao , Dai Huiyong , Wang Qi , Zhang Changqing , Zhang Zhenlin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) is a debilitating bone disease, characterized by collapse of the femoral head and subsequent loss of hip joint function. Heterozygous mutations in COL2A1 have been identified to cause familiar ANFH. Here we report on a large Chinese family with ANFH and a novel heterozygous mutation (c.3517 G > A, Gly1173Ser) in exon 50 of COL2A1 in the Gly-X-Y domain. Previously, only five different COL2A1 mutations have been described in patients familiar ANFH. Therefore, our findings provide significant clues to the phenotype-genotype relationships in familiar ANFH and may be helpful in clinical diagnosis. Furthermore, these results should assist further studies of the mechanisms underlying collagen diseases.
Physician-and patient-reported barriers to hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance: a nationwide survey
Authors: Teerasarntipan Tongluk , Sritunya Yingluk , Prathyajuta Parinda , Pitakkitnukun Palada , Phathong Chonlada , Tangkijvanich Pisit , Treeprasertsuk Sombat , Rerknimitr Rungsun , Chaiteerakij Roongruedee 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance rates are suboptimal. We aimed to identify HCC surveillance barriers from both physician and patient perspectives and assess the effectiveness of physician education using social networks. Methods A nationwide survey with 513 physicians and another single-center survey with 315 HCC-risk patients were conducted. Regression analysis was used to identify surveillance barriers. We educated 143 physicians by sending brief notes on HCC surveillance guidelines via social networks and re-evaluated their knowledge at 60 days using paired T-test.Results Surveys showed 458 (86.3%), 254 (47.8%) and 225 (42.4%) physicians recommended surveillance in patients with cirrhosis, at-risk HBV and HCV infection, respectively. Only 228 (42.9%) and 241 (38.0%) respondents adhered to recommended surveillance tools and interval, respectively. The main surveillance barriers among physicians were the lack of knowledge and resource limitations. The lack of a doctor’s prescription was identified as main barrier by patients (relative risk 1.4, 95%CI 1.1-1.8, p=0.024). Social networks education enhanced physicians’ knowledge pre-and post-education scores for guideline awareness: (63.0%vs.84.3%, p<0.001) and surveillance indication (40.0%vs.63.0%, p=0.001). Conclusions Physicians’ knowledge gap was primary barrier for adherence to HCC surveillance protocols. Brief education via social networks showed effectiveness at increasing knowledge of HCC surveillance with medical residents.Clinical trial registry: This study was registered to the Thai clinical trial registry (TCTR number 20210127006). Registered 22 July 2021- Retrospectively registered. http://www.clinicaltrials.in.th/
Diel Variation of Hydrochemistry and Carbon Flux in the Banzhai River, SW China
Authors: Yu Shi , He Shiyi , Liu Zhenyu , Sun Pingan , Zhu Haiyan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study was undertaken in the Banzhai, a small groundwater-fed stream flowing over carbonate karst terrain in the southwest of Guizhou, China. To assess the biogeochemical processes behind carbon fluxes and sinks and calculate the end-member contribution to the geological carbon sink, samples were collected at a 2-h sampling interval during a two-day period, and the diel-variation of δ13CDIC, δ13CPOC, and C/N were analyzed. During the sampling period, temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (Do), and chlorophyll were measured at a 15-min interval using in situ sensors. The results showed that (1) the hydro-chemical variations reflected the photosynthesis of subaquatic plants and degassing. These processes likely turned a part of HCO3- to organic carbon, which subsequently precipitated. (2) The 13C isotope ratios indicated a varying intensity of photosynthesis and degassing during the HCO3- migration process. Moreover, subaquatic plants changed their metabolic pathway from C3 to C4 carbon fixation due to the lack of CO2 in the water and utilized HCO3- in the water as their carbon source. (3) The net carbon sink flux was 1784.54 kg CO2, where carbonate weathering, the biological carbon pump, and weathering of silicate rocks accounted for 85.80 %, 13.64 %, and 0.56 %, respectively. (4) In the Banzhai ground river, the DIC during the migration process was mainly lost through degassing, allogenic acid, and consumption by photosynthesis of subaquatic plants.
Development of Low-Cost ECG System for Comprehensive Monitoring Heart Function
Authors: oktivasari prihatin , Ishartati Ishartati , Riandini Riandini , Salman Amy Hamidah , Haryanto Freddy , Suprijadi Suprijadi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A simple system, a low-cost, fully automated, and design for monitoring RR interval Electrocardiography (ECG) signal described in this paper. The platform, named Simple Low-Cost Electrocardiography System (SLES), is capable of monitoring RR interval and R peaks in 3 lead standards. The system is in .exe format, so it can be easily installed on a computer. The system's goal is to design a fully integrated system for measuring a characteristic of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) parameters for various applications in heart signal research and education. The ECG signal is analog filtered and amplified and processed from analog to digital. Eventually, the ECG signal will be shown on the monitor after digital filtering. The data obtained from the ECG will accurately reflect the status of human heart health. The system has the benefits of small volume, low power consumption, low cost, and real-time operation. All design and development reports, files, and system software will be given non-commercial use online on https://github.com/oktivasari.
Are Newborns of Immigrant Mothers More at Risk of Poorer Perinatal Health Than Those of Natives-born Mothers? One Size Does Not Fit All. A Population-based Study, Montreal, Quebec.
Authors: Sow Mouctar , Spiegelaere Myriam De , Sylvestre Marie-Pierre , Raynault Marie-France 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background The risk of unfavourable pregnancy outcomes for immigrant mothers varies according to their birthplace, socioeconomic status (SES) and comparison group. This study aims to identify the characteristics of Montreal newborns who are more or less at risk of LBW, prematurity and SGA, according to the mother's birthplace and SES. Methods The analysis focuses on all singleton live births in Montreal between 2003 and 2012 (N=214,620). Logistic regression models were estimated using generalized estimating equations in order to: 1) compare the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes between Canadian-born and immigrant mothers. The latter were categorised into 8 groups according to world regions; 2) estimate the odds ratio of the association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and the mother's SES (education and income quintile) for each group. Results The risk of LBW, prematurity and SGA vary considerably depending on the mother’s birthplace. For these three outcomes, mothers from the Caribbean and South Asia have a higher prevalence than all other groups. Three other groups compare favourably to Canadian-born mothers: mothers from North Africa, Europe & the USA, and Central and West Asia. The association between SES and unfavourable pregnancy outcomes varies from one group of mothers to another. Among Canadian-born mothers, there is a classic health gradient, with low SES mothers being particularly vulnerable. While income is not associated with the risk of adverse outcomes among immigrant mothers, education is for many groups. The association is however weaker than for Canadian-born mothers. Conclusions It is important to assess the influence of both immigration and SES to better identify the children who are most at risk of experiencing perinatal health concerns. In Montreal, some immigrant women are particularly vulnerable, but so are socioeconomically disadvantaged native Canadian women. Conversely, North African-born mothers with low SES present a particularly low risk. It has also been found that a high level of education reduces the risk among several groups of immigrant women, as opposed to findings in other contexts.
Body Size Dependent Dispersal Influences Stability in Heterogeneous Metacommunities
Authors: Anderson Kurt , Fahimipour Ashkaan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Body size affects key biological processes across the tree of life, with particular importance for food web dynamics and stability. Traits influencing movement capabilities depend strongly on body size, yet the effects of allometrically-structured dispersal on food web stability are less well understood than other demographic processes. Here we study the stability properties of spatially-arranged model food webs in which larger bodied species occupy higher trophic positions, while species' body sizes also determine the rates at which they traverse spatial networks of heterogeneous habitat patches. Our analysis shows an apparent stabilizing effect of positive dispersal rate scaling with body size compared to negative scaling relationships or uniform dispersal. However, as the global coupling strength among patches increases, the benefits of positive body size-dispersal scaling disappear. A permutational analysis shows that breaking allometric dispersal hierarchies while preserving dispersal rate distributions rarely alters qualitative aspects of metacommunity stability. Taken together, these results suggest that the oft-predicted stabilizing effects of large mobile predators may, for some dimensions of ecological stability, be attributed to increased patch coupling per se, and not necessarily coupling by top trophic levels in particular.
WITHDRAWN: Prognostic Value of Autophagy-related Genes Correlated With Metastasis in Uveal Melanoma Patients
Authors: Sun Yan , Wang Xiaoran , Chen Baoxin , Xiong Lang , Huang Jingqi , Huang Mi , Chen Jieping , Huang Shan , Liu Yizhi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Half of the patients with primary uveal melanoma will develop progressive metastasis, leading to high mortality rate. Autophagy has been demonstrated to engage in metastasis in multiple tumors. Detection, diagnosis and treatment at the early-stage of uveal melanoma may help prevent potential tumor progression and optimize the prognosis. The purpose of our study was to discover autophagy-related genes (ARGs) correlated with uveal melanoma metastasis and determine their prognostic values. We analyzed the gene expression profiles and the clinical data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database in uveal melanoma. A total of 14 and 16 differentially expressed ARGs were identified to be related to uveal melanoma metastasis from GSE22138 and GSE27831 sets. The two datasets shared three common genes including RAF1, CDKN1A and WIPI1 that occupied the core positions in the Protein-Protein Interactions (PPI) Network of ARGs. Following that, TCGA was introduced for survival analysis of the three genes. The survival analysis showed that high expression of RAF1 was related to favorable prognosis of uveal melanoma, whereas high expression of CDKN1A and WIPI1 suggested poor prognosis. Then a three-ARG based prognostic risk score model was constructed to predict survival outcomes. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that the risk score can be considered as an independent prognostic factor for uveal melanoma, exhibiting good accuracy and sensitivity. In summary, we established an autophagy-related prognostic model based on uveal melanoma metastasis, which may contribute to the detection of early metastasis and prediction of prognosis, thereby prolonging survival through early personalized intervention.
Biomechanical Comparison of Vertebral Augmentation and Cement Discoplasty for the Treatment of Symptomatic Schmorl’s Node Combined With Modic Change: Finite Element Analyses
Authors: Cai Kaiwen , Luo Kefeng , Cao Feng , Lu Bin , Wu Yuanhua , Wang Hongxia , Zhang Kai , Jiang Guoqiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Study design: Finite element simulation study.Objective: To compare the biomechanical effects of percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) and percutaneous cement discoplasty (PCD) in patients with symptomatic Schmorl’s node combined with Modic change.Methods: CT data from a single patient was assembled into finite element models, from which we constructed four distinct surgical models, including PVA-ideal, PVA-nonideal, PCD-ideal, and PCD-nonideal, to compare the stress and strain differences of parapodular tissues.Results: The validity of our model was confirmed. PVA-ideal model showed a moderate reduction in the stress peak of the Schmorl’s node (0.48 vs. 0.81–0.89 Mpa) in the erect position. In the PCD-ideal model, the stress peak of the Schmorl’s node increased significantly when the spine was moved toward the lesion (3.99Mpa). Both PVA-ideal and PCD-ideal models showed global strain inhibition at the Schmorl’s node and BMEZ, which was attenuated in the non-ideal models. The PCD-ideal model significantly reduced segmental ROM (-76.8% to -59.3%) and significantly increases endplate stress (up to 220.8%), with no such effects seen in the PVA-ideal model.Conclusions: Both PVA-ideal and PCD-ideal models facilitated a more stable parapodular biomechanical microenvironment. The PVA-ideal model yielded minimal stress disturbance on the augmented or adjacent vertebral endplate but offered no improvement to segment stability. The PCD-ideal model provides adequate segment stability, but also carries a greater risk for adjacent vertebral fracture. As nonideal implementations of both surgeries can result in poor biomechanical outcomes, the surgical indications of PVA or PCD need to be carefully selected.
Nurse’s Attitude Towards Palliative Care and Associated Factors in Ethiopia: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Getie Addisu , Wondmieneh Adam , Bimerew Melaku , Gedefaw Getnet , Demis Asmamaw 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Palliative care significantly improves the distressing symptoms of patients, especially those with cancer, heart disease, renal disease, and liver disease, and its need is increasing worldwide due to the growing burden of chronic disease. Nurses with an unfavorable attitude towards palliative care cannot skilfully assess the patient's needs, effective communication, and adequately address the patient's problems. Thus, this study was amid to assess the nurse’s level of attitude towards palliative care in Ethiopia.Method: PubMed/MEDLINE, HINARI, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and African Journals Online (AJOL) were the databases used to search for articles. Cochrane I2 statistics and Eggers test was done to check heterogeneity and publication bias, respectively. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were also done to detect the source of heterogeneity and an influential study, respectively. Result: The pooled prevalence of nurse’s attitudes towards palliative care was 67.15% (95% CI: 54.75-79.54. Palliative care training was a significantly associated factor with the level of nurse’s attitude towards palliative care. Accordingly, nurses who have taken palliative care training (AOR=2.53; 95% CI; 1.88-3.40) was found a significantly associated factor with the level of nurse’s attitude towards palliative care.Conclusion: More than half of the nurses had a favorable attitude towards palliative care. Palliative care training was a significantly associated factor with the nurse’s level of attitude towards palliative care. Thus, palliative care training and improving nurse’s careers through continuous professional development should be given regularly for nurses to improve their knowledge about palliative care.
Dynamic Analysis of Human Brain in the Pain State by Electroencephalography
Authors: Tavasoli Mahsa , einalou zahra , Akhondzadeh Reza 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective

Pain is an unpleasant sensation that is important in all therapeutic conditions. So far, some studies have focused on pain assessment and cognition through different tests and methods. Considering the occurrence of pain causes, along with the activation of a long network in brain regions, recognizing the dynamical changes of the brain in pain states is helpful for pain detection using the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal. Therefore, the present study addressed the above-mentioned issue by applying EEG at the time of inducing phasic pain.
Results

Phasic pain was produced using coldness and then dynamical features via EEG were analyzed by the Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA) method, and finally, the Rough neural network classifier was utilized for achieving accuracy regarding detecting and categorizing pain and non-pain states, which was 95.25\(\pm\)4%. The simulation results confirmed that cerebral behaviors are detectable during pain. In addition, the high accuracy of the classifier for evaluating the dynamical features of the brain during pain occurrence is one of the most merits of the proposed method. Eventually, pain detection can improve medical methods.
Influence of sub-cloud secondary evaporation and moisture sources on stable isotopes of precipitation in Shiyang River Basin，Northwest China
Authors: Xiong Hui , Jia Wenxiong , Zhu Guofeng , Shi Yang , Zhang Zhiyuan , Yang Le , Zhang Miaomiao , Zhang Fuhua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The fractionation of stable isotopes in precipitation runs through all links of the hydrological cycle. Studying its composition will help to understand the hydrological cycle process and the interaction between land and atmosphere. Based on the data of measured precipitation isotopes and related meteorological elements from 11 sampling points from January 2018 to September 2019, the existence of sub-cloud secondary evaporation is verified. Used the water vapor flux and the improved Lagrangian model, the moisture source affecting precipitation is tracked. On the basis of them, the influence of sub-cloud secondary evaporation and moisture sources on stable isotopes of precipitation is analyzed. The results show that the sub-cloud secondary evaporation exists in the Shiyang River Basin, and it is stronger in spring and summer than that in autumn and winter, which makes the stable isotopes of precipitation higher in summer and lower in winter. Besides, the sub-cloud secondary evaporation is stronger in the midstream and downstream, which results in the heavy isotopes of precipitation are generally more enriched. In the vertical direction, the secondary evaporation between 850 hPa and 700 hPa is the strongest, which makes heavy isotopes enrich and d-excess decreases in this layer. The moisture source of precipitation in the Shiyang River Basin is dominated by westerly air masses, that mid-high latitude continental sources have a large contribution to precipitation but the supply of sea sources is very limited, which makes the d-excess of precipitation is higher and does not show regional consistency and seasonality well.