bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generation of two multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cell lines capable of osteogenic, mature osteocyte, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation
Authors: Prideaux Matthew , Wright Christian S. , Noonan Megan L. , Yi Xin , Clinkenbeard Erica L. , Mevel Elsa , Wheeler Jonathan A. , Byers Sharon , Wijenayaka Asiri R. , Gronthos Stan , Sankar Uma , White Kenneth E. , Atkins Gerald J. , Thompson William R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMesenchymal progenitors differentiate into several tissues including bone, cartilage, and adipose. Targeting these cells in vivo is challenging, making mesenchymal progenitor cell lines valuable tools to study tissue development. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from humans and animals; however, obtaining homogenous, responsive cells in a reproducible fashion is challenging. As such, we developed two mesenchymal progenitor cell (MPC) lines, MPC1 and MPC2, generated from bone marrow of male C57BL/6 mice. These cells were immortalized using the temperature sensitive large T-antigen, allowing for thermal control of proliferation and differentiation. Both MPC1 and MPC2 cells are capable of osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation. Under osteogenic conditions, both lines formed mineralized nodules, and stained for alizarin red and alkaline phosphatase, while expressing osteogenic genes includingSost,Fgf23, andDmp1.SostandDmp1mRNA levels were drastically reduced with addition of parathyroid hormone, thus recapitulating in vivo responses. MPC cells secreted intact (iFGF23) andC-terminal (cFGF23) forms of the endocrine hormone FGF23, which was upregulated by 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D (1,25D). Both lines also rapidly entered the adipogenic lineage, expressing adipose markers after 4 days in adipogenic media. MPC cells were also capable of chondrogenic differentiation, displaying increased expression of cartilaginous genes including aggrecan,Sox9, andComp. With the ability to differentiate into multiple mesenchymal lineages and mimic in vivo responses of key regulatory genes/proteins, MPC cells are a valuable model to study factors that regulate mesenchymal lineage allocation as well as the mechanisms that dictate transcription, protein modification, and secretion of these factors.
Liver X receptors regulate natural killer T cell population and antitumor activity in the liver of mice
Authors: Endo-Umeda Kaori , Nakashima Hiroyuki , Uno Shigeyuki , Toyoshima Shota , Umeda Naoki , Komine-Aizawa Shihoko , Seki Shuhji , Makishima Makoto 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe nuclear receptors liver X receptor α (LXRα) and LXRβ are lipid sensors that regulate lipid metabolism and immunity. Natural killer T (NKT) cells, a T cell subset expressing surface markers of both natural killer cells and T lymphocytes and involved in antitumor immunity, are another abundant immune cell type in the liver. The potential function of the metabolic regulators LXRα/β in hepatic NKT cells remains unknown. In this study, we examined the role of LXRα and LXRβ in NKT cells using mice deficient for LXRα and/or LXRβ, and found that hepatic invariant NKT (iNKT) cells are drastically decreased in LXRα/β-KO mice. Cytokine production stimulated by the iNKT cell activator α-galactosylceramide was impaired in LXRα/β-KO hepatic mononuclear cells and in LXRα/β-KO mice. iNKT cell-mediated antitumor effect was also disturbed in LXRα/β-KO mice. LXRα/β-KO mice transplanted with wild-type bone marrow showed decreased iNKT cells in the liver and spleen. The thymus of LXRα/β-KO mice showed a decreased population of iNKT cells. In conclusion, LXRα and LXRβ are essential for NKT cell-mediated immunity, such as cytokine production and hepatic antitumor activity, and are involved in NKT cell development in immune tissues, such as the thymus.
Cooper-pair distribution function $$D_{cp}(\omega ,T_c)$$ for superconducting $$\hbox {D}_3\hbox {S}$$ and $$\hbox {H}_3\hbox {S}$$
Authors: González-Pedreros G. I. , Camargo-Martínez J. A. , Mesa F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCooper-pair distribution function, $$D_{cp}(\omega ,T_c)$$

D

cp

(
ω
,

T
c

)

, is a recent theoretical proposal that reveals information about the superconductor state through the determination of the spectral regions where Cooper pairs are formed. This is built from the well-established Eliashberg spectral function and phonon density of states, calculated by first-principles. From this function is possible to obtain the $$N_{cp}$$

N

cp

parameter, which is proportional to the total number of Cooper pairs formed at a critical temperature $$T_c$$

T
c

. Herein, we reported $$D_{cp}(\omega ,T_c)$$

D

cp

(
ω
,

T
c

)

function of the compressed $$D_3S$$

D
3

S

and $$H_3S$$

H
3

S

high-$$T_c$$

T
c

conventional superconductors, including the effect of stable sulfur isotopes in $$H_3S$$

H
3

S

. $$D_{cp}(\omega ,T_c)$$

D

cp

(
ω
,

T
c

)

suggests that the vibration energy range of 10–70 meV is where the Cooper pairs are possible for these superconductors, pointing out the possible importance of the low-energy region on the electron–phonon superconductivity. This has been confirmed by the fact that a simple variation in the low-frequency region induced for the substitution of S atoms in $$H_3S$$

H
3

S

by its stable isotopes can lead to important changes in $$T_c$$

T
c

. The results also show proportionality between $$N_{cp}$$

N

cp

parameter and experimental or theoretical $$T_c$$

T
c

values.
Near-infrared spectroscopy of blood plasma with chemometrics towards HIV discrimination during pregnancy
Authors: Freitas Daniel L. D. , Peres Ana F. S. , Silva Lidiane G. , Mariz João V. M. , Santos Marcos G. , Morais Rayanne S. P. , Morais Camilo L. M. , Martin Francis L. , Pascoal Daniel A. V. , de A. S. Camargo Juliana D. , Crispim Janaina C. O. , Lima Kassio M. G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPrevention of mother-to-child transmission programs have been one of the hallmarks of success in the fight against HIV/AIDS. In Brazil, access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy has increased, leading to a reduction in new infections among children. Currently, lifelong ART is available to all pregnant, however yet challenges remain in eliminating mother-to-child transmission. In this paper, we focus on the role of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to analyse blood plasma samples of pregnant women with HIV infection to differentiate pregnant women without HIV infection. Seventy-seven samples (39 HIV-infected patient and 38 healthy control samples) were analysed. Multivariate classification of resultant NIR spectra facilitated diagnostic segregation of both sample categories in a fast and non-destructive fashion, generating good accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. This method is simple and low-cost, and can be easily adapted to point-of-care screening, which can be essential to monitor pregnancy risks in remote locations or in the developing world. Therefore, it opens a new perspective to investigate vertical transmission (VT). The approach described here, can be useful for the identification and exploration of VT under various pathophysiological conditions of maternal HIV. These findings demonstrate, for the first time, the potential of NIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis as a screening tool for fast and low-cost HIV detection.
Identification, pathogenicity and effects of plant extracts on Neopestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis causing fruit diseases
Authors: Darapanit Angwara , Boonyuen Nattawut , Leesutthiphonchai Wiphawee , Nuankaew Salilaporn , Piasai Onuma 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPestalotiopsis and related genera, including Neopestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis have damaged many plants for many decades; however, there is little available information about the fungi on tropical fruit in Thailand. This study isolated and characterized pestalotioid fungi on tropical fruit, investigated host specificity, and screened whether plant extracts could control the fungi. In total, 53 diseased fruit samples were sampled from eight types of fruit trees (jackfruit, rose apple, mangosteen, plum, snake fruit, rambutan, strawberry, and avocado). Based on morphological characteristics, 44 isolates were classified as belonging to pestalotioid taxa. Of these isolates, seven with distinct characteristics were selected for identification using molecular analysis, and six isolates were identified as Neopestalotiopsis and one as Pseudopestalotiopsis. In the cross-inoculation experiment, the isolates exhibited nonhost specificity and could infect at least two host plants. The isolates were used to screen for a potential biocontrol resource using six crude plant extracts (clove, ginger, lemongrass, mangosteen, roselle, and turmeric). All crude extracts except mangosteen could inhibit the growth of Neopestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis. Application of crude plant extracts could be a potential treatment to control these diseases on tropical fruit.
Physiological significance of WDR45, a responsible gene for β-propeller protein associated neurodegeneration (BPAN), in brain development
Authors: Noda Mariko , Ito Hidenori , Nagata Koh-ichi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWDR45 plays an essential role in the early stage of autophagy. De novo heterozygous mutations in WDR45 have been known to cause β-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN), a subtype of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). Although BPAN patients display global developmental delay with intellectual disability, the neurodevelopmental pathophysiology of BPAN remains largely unknown. In the present study, we analyzed the physiological role of Wdr45 and pathophysiological significance of the gene abnormality during mouse brain development. Morphological and biochemical analyses revealed that Wdr45 is expressed in a developmental stage-dependent manner in mouse brain. Wdr45 was also found to be located in excitatory synapses by biochemical fractionation. Since WDR45 mutations are thought to cause protein degradation, we conducted acute knockdown experiments by in utero electroporation in mice to recapitulate the pathophysiological conditions of BPAN. Knockdown of Wdr45 caused abnormal dendritic development and synaptogenesis during corticogenesis, both of which were significantly rescued by co-expression with RNAi-resistant version of Wdr45. In addition, terminal arbors of callosal axons were less developed in Wdr45-deficient cortical neurons of adult mouse when compared to control cells. These results strongly suggest a pathophysiological significance of WDR45 gene abnormalities in neurodevelopmental aspects of BPAN.
Anti-inflammatory diet consumption reduced fatty liver indices
Authors: Darbandi Mitra , Hamzeh Behrooz , Ayenepour Azad , Rezaeian Shahab , Najafi Farid , Shakiba Ebrahim , Pasdar Yahya 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and non-invasive markers of liver status in adults. This cross-sectional study was performed on 8520 adults, recruited in Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort study, western Iran. The DII score was calculated based on participants’ dietary intakes obtained from Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Fatty Liver Index (FLI) score was calculated by anthropometric measurements and some non-invasive markers of liver status. Linear regression models were applied to estimate the associations and adjust the possible confounding factors. A greater DII score was significantly associated with higher energy intake, body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), blood pressure, and FLI (P < 0.001). Participants with the highest DII score had a significantly higher consumption saturated fat, trans fat and red meat than those in the lowest quartile (P < 0.001). After adjustments of age and sex, participants in the highest quartile of the DII score had a greater risk of FLI (β: 0.742, 95% CI: 0.254, 0.601). More pro-inflammatory diet in participants was associated with a higher FLI. The DII score was positively associated with non-invasive liver markers. Thus, having an anti-inflammatory diet can help balance liver enzymes, reduce obesity, and decrease fatty liver.
Seasonal diets supersede host species in shaping the distal gut microbiota of Yaks and Tibetan sheep
Authors: Wei Xiaojuan , Dong Zhen , Cheng Fusheng , Shi Hongmei , Zhou Xuzheng , Li Bing , Wang Ling , Wang Weiwei , Zhang Jiyu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractYaks and Tibetan sheep are important and renowned livestock of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Both host genetics and environmental factors can shape the composition of gut microbiota, however, there is still no consensus on which is the more dominant factor. To investigate the influence of hosts and seasons on the gut microbiome diversity component, we collected fecal samples from yaks and Tibetan sheep across different seasons (summer and winter), during which they consumed different diets. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, principal component analysis (PCoA) data showed that PCo1 explained 57.4% of the observed variance (P = 0.001) and clearly divided winter samples from summer ones, while PCo2 explained 7.1% of observed variance (P = 0.001) and mainly highlighted differences in host species. Cluster analysis data revealed that the gut microbiota composition displayed a convergence caused by season and not by genetics. Further, we profiled the gut microbial community and found that the more dominant genera in yak and Tibetan sheep microbiota were influenced by seasonal diets factors rather than genetics. This study therefore indicated that seasonal diet can trump host genetics even at higher taxonomic levels, thus providing a cautionary note for the breeding and management of these two species.
Chain length of bioinspired polyamines affects size and condensation of monodisperse silica particles
Authors: Maddala Sai Prakash , Liao Wei-Chih , Joosten Rick R. M. , Soleimani Mohammad , Tuinier Remco , Friedrich Heiner , van Benthem Rolf A. T. M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPolyamines play a major role in biosilicification reactions in diatoms and sponges. While the effects of polyamines on silicic acid oligomerization and precipitation are well known, the impact of polyamines chain length on silica particle growth is unclear. We studied the effects of polyamine chain length on silica particle growth and condensation in a known, simple, and salt-free biphasic reaction system; with tetraethyl orthosilicate as organic phase and polyamine dissolved in the aqueous phase. The particles at various growth stages were characterized by Cryo- Transmission Electron Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Zeta Potential, and solid-state NMR analysis. Polyamines were found co-localized within silica particles and the particle diameter increased with an increase in polyamine chain length, whereas silica condensation showed the opposite trend. Particle growth is proposed to progress via a coacervate intermediate while the final particles have a core shell structure with an amine-rich core and silica-rich shell. The results presented in this paper would of interest for researchers working in the field of bioinspired materials.
Stability enhancement and discrete‐time resonant controller synthesis for voltage‐controlled Voltage Source Converters
Authors: Zhang Sen , Zhao Jianfeng , Liu Kangli , Shi Zhan , Jin Long 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAs for the voltage‐controlled voltage sources converter (VSC), the inner current loop of dual closed‐loop control is equivalent to a virtual impedance, which provides effective damping for the system. However, the time delay caused by computation and transmission becomes increasingly prominent in the low‐pulse‐ratio cases, which not only limits the achievable bandwidth, but also reduces the stability of the current loop. This paper proposes an enhanced control strategy for current loop by adding the feedback of computation delay into the current controller, to significantly widen the stability region and control bandwidth, and increase the active damping. The parameter design of the current controller is presented based on discrete‐time root locus. Subsequently, the voltage controller is directly deduced in the discrete‐time domain, which eliminates the poles/zeros deviation caused by discretization. The accurate delay compensation is realized by pole‐zero cancellation, thus avoiding the additional phase compensation for fundamental and harmonic frequencies. Simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of the enhanced dual‐loop control strategy.
A coarse‐refine segmentation network for COVID‐19 CT images
Authors: Huang Ziwang , Li Liang , Zhang Xiang , Song Ying , Chen Jianwen , Zhao Huiying , Chong Yutian , Wu Hejun , Yang Yuedong , Shen Jun , Zha Yunfei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe rapid spread of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) causes a significant impact on public health. It is critical to diagnose COVID‐19 patients so that they can receive reasonable treatments quickly. The doctors can obtain a precise estimate of the infection's progression and decide more effective treatment options by segmenting the CT images of COVID‐19 patients. However, it is challenging to segment infected regions in CT slices because the infected regions are multi‐scale, and the boundary is not clear due to the low contrast between the infected area and the normal area. In this paper, a coarse‐refine segmentation network is proposed to address these challenges. The coarse‐refine architecture and hybrid loss is used to guide the model to predict the delicate structures with clear boundaries to address the problem of unclear boundaries. The atrous spatial pyramid pooling module in the network is added to improve the performance in detecting infected regions with different scales. Experimental results show that the model in the segmentation of COVID‐19 CT images outperforms other familiar medical segmentation models, enabling the doctor to get a more accurate estimate on the progression of the infection and thus can provide more reasonable treatment options.
Image haze removal based on rolling deep learning and Retinex theory
Authors: Huang Shiqi , Xu Jie , Liu Zhigang , Sun Ke , Lu Ying 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMultispectral remote sensing images are a very important data source, but its acquisition process is often affected by haze weather and other factors, resulting in the decline of image quality, blurred details and poor visual effect, which seriously affect their application and interpretation. To reduce the impact of haze on multispectral remote sensing image and improve the image clarity and the use value, a new haze removal method based on rolling deep learning and Retinex theory (RDLRT) was proposed here. It uses the rolling deep learning theory to realize the preliminary removal of image haze, and then calculates the peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) value of the processed image, which is used to judge whether the obtained image is a stage effect image (SEI). Then, on the one hand, the SEI image is processed for colour saturation and brightness; on the other hand, the Retinex theory is used to further filter the haze of the SEI image. Finally, the results of the two processing are fused, and it is used as the restored image after removing the haze. A series of validation experiments were carried out with true multispectral remote sensing images, outdoor colour images and different methods, and good experimental results were obtained. The purpose of removing image haze and improving image quality is achieved. Through the comparison of these experiments, it is concluded that the RDLRT algorithm proposed in this paper can not only effectively remove haze in images, but also maintain good details and colour of the image, which has some popularization values for image pre‐processing and restoration.
CEA-JSI Experimental Benchmark for validation of the modeling of neutron and gamma-ray detection instrumentation used in the JSI TRIGA reactor
Authors: Fausser Clément , Thiollay Nicolas , Destouches Christophe , Barbot Loïc , Fourmentel Damien , Geslot Benoît , De Izarra Grégoire , Gruel Adrien , Grégoire Gilles , Domergue Christophe , Radulović Vladimir , Goričanec Tanja , Ambrožič Klemen , Žerovnik Gasper , Lengar Igor , Trkov Andrej , Štancar Žiga , Pungerčič Anže , Snoj Luka 
Published: November 2021

Constant improvements of the computational power and methods as well as demands of accurate and reliable measurements for reactor operation and safety require a continuous upgrade of the instrumentation. In particular, nuclear sensors used in nuclear fission reactors (research or power reactors) or in nuclear fusion facilities are operated under intense mixed neutron and gamma-ray fields, and need to be calibrated and modeled to provide selective and accurate neutron and gamma-ray measurements.
The French Atomic Energy and Alternative Energies Commission (CEA) and the Jožef Stefan Institute (JSI) have started an experimental program dedicated to a detailed experimental benchmark with analysis using Monte Carlo particle transport calculations and a series of neutron and gamma-ray sensor types used in the JSI TRIGA Mark II reactor.
CEA has setup a simplified TRIPOLI-4® modeling scheme of the JSI TRIGA reactor based on the information available in the IRPhEP benchmark in order to facilitate analysis of future neutron and gamma-ray measurements. These allow the CEA to perform a TRIPOLI-4 instrumentation calculation scheme benchmarked with the JSI MCNP model.
This paper presents the main results of this CEA calculation scheme application and the analysis of their comparison to the JSI results obtained in 2012 with the MCNP5 & ENDF/B-VII.0 calculation scheme. This paper will conclude with some information about the new experimental program to be carried out in 2022 in the TRIGA reactor core.
Neuroradiologie für den Augenarzt
Authors: Fitsiori Aikaterini , Steffen Heimo 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungZu den neuroophthalmologischen Erkrankungen gehören Läsionen der Sehbahn
einschließlich der Retina und des Sehnervs, Anomalien der Augenstellung und/oder
-motilität sowie Pupillenstörungen 1. CT und
MRT spielen bei der Diagnosestellung, der Ausbreitung eines Krankheitsprozesses
und differenzialdiagnostischen Überlegungen eine herausragende Rolle. Ziel
dieses Fortbildungsartikels ist es, dem Augenarzt einen Überblick über diese
Untersuchungsverfahren und ihren Einsatz bei für den Augenarzt relevanten
Erkrankungen zu geben.
Waste heaps in the urban environment as negative factors of urbanization
Authors: Popovych V , Voloshchyshyn A , Bosak P , Popovych N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Urbanization in Ukraine has led to the development of the Lviv-Volyn coal basin. One of the main negative factors in the operation of coal basins are mine dumps. In addition to environmental hazards, waste heaps of coal mines violate the attractiveness and aesthetics of towns. The wastewater from waste heaps is a secondary factor in reducing the environmental safety of the coal-mining region. These waters are concentrated at the foot of landfills forming the man-made reservoirs. The research presents the negative factors of mine dumps and the results of physical and chemical analysis of subtericone wastewater and its impact on environmental pollution. It is established that the most polluted is the wastewater from waste heaps of the Mezhyrichanska mine which is caused by its operating process. The man-made polluted wastewater from heaps is a secondary factor in reducing the level of ecological danger of the coal-mining region. These waters are concentrated at the foot of landfills in the form of man-made reservoirs. The aim of the research is to indicate the negative factors of urban waste heaps by studying the physical and chemical properties of underspoil waters within the cities of Chervonograd and Novovolynsk.