bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional assessment of two different canine retraction techniques: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial
Authors: Akın Şuayip , Camcı Hasan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of this split-mouth trial was to compare power-arm sliding (PAS) and direct sliding (DS) canine retraction mechanics in terms of speed, rotation, angulation, and anchorage loss.

Methods
Thirty-six class II division 1 patients (20 females, 16 males; mean age, 16.94 ± 3.23) requiring upper first premolar extraction were included in the study. Miniscrews were used as anchorage units, and a retraction force of 150 gr was applied from the power arm on one side and from the bracket on the opposite side by using elastomeric chains. Randomization was achieved by block randomization with a 1:1 allocation ratio either to the right or the left with allocations concealed in opaque, sealed envelopes. Digital models were acquired using an intraoral scanner at the beginning of the retraction (T0), the first month (T1), the second month (T2), and the third month (T3). Before the scans, the archwire was removed, and custom metal jigs were inserted into the vertical slot of the canine brackets to evaluate the canine angulation. The digital models of each patient were separately superimposed with the local best-fit algorithm, and the retraction rate, angulation, rotation, and anchorage loss were measured. The digital measurements were performed using the Geomagic Control X software.

Results
The DS technique’s total retraction rate was higher than that of the PAS technique (2.09 and 1.57, respectively, p = .002). There was, however, no significant difference between the two techniques in terms of angulation, rotation, and anchorage loss. A negative correlation was observed between the retraction rate and age, but it was not statistically significant. No significant difference was observed between the retraction rates of female and male participants in either retraction technique.

Conclusions
For both orthodontists and patients, the DS technique is simpler and more convenient; thus, it is the preferred method for canine retraction.

Trial registration
The trial was not registered.

Protocol
The protocol was not published before the trial commencement.
Examining differences between mass, multiple, and single-victim homicides to inform prevention: findings from the National Violent Death Reporting System
Authors: Fowler Katherine A. , Leavitt Rachel A. , Betz Carter J. , Yuan Keming , Dahlberg Linda L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundMulti-victim homicides are a persistent public health problem confronting the United States. Previous research shows that homicide rates in the U.S. are approximately seven times higher than those of other high-income countries, driven by firearm homicide rates that are 25 times higher; 31% of public mass shootings in the world also occur in the U.S.. The purpose of this analysis is to examine the characteristics of mass, multiple, and single homicides to help identify prevention points that may lead to a reduction in different types of homicides.MethodsWe used all available years (2003–2017) and U.S. states/jurisdictions (35 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico) included in CDC’s National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS), a public health surveillance system which combines death certificate, coroner/medical examiner, and law enforcement reports into victim- and incident-level data on violent deaths. NVDRS includes up to 600 standard variables per incident; further information on types of mental illness among suspected perpetrators and incident resolution was qualitatively coded from case narratives. Data regarding number of persons nonfatally shot within incidents were cross-validated when possible with several other resources, including government reports and the Gun Violence Archive. Mass homicides (4+ victims), multiple homicides (2-3 victims) and single homicides were analyzed to assess group differences using Chi-square tests with Bonferroni-corrected post-hoc comparisons.ResultsMass homicides more often had female, child, and non-Hispanic white victims than other homicide types. Compared with victims of other homicide types, victims of mass homicides were more often killed by strangers or someone else they did not know well, or by family members. More than a third were related to intimate partner violence. Approximately one-third of mass homicide perpetrators had suicidal thoughts/behaviors noted in the time leading up to the incident. Multi-victim homicides were more often perpetrated with semi-automatic firearms than single homicides. When accounting for nonfatally shot victims, over 4 times as many incidents could have resulted in mass homicide.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the important interconnections among multiple forms of violence. Primary prevention strategies addressing shared risk and protective factors are key to reducing these incidents.
Rapid screening of critically ill patients for low plasma vitamin C concentrations using a point-of-care oxidation–reduction potential measurement
Authors: Rozemeijer Sander , Smit Bob , Elbers Paul W. G. , Girbes Armand R. J. , Oudemans-van Straaten Heleen M. , de Man Angelique M. E. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Hypovitaminosis C and vitamin C deficiency are common in critically ill patients and associated with organ dysfunction. Low vitamin C status often goes unnoticed because determination is challenging. The static oxidation reduction potential (sORP) reflects the amount of oxidative stress in the blood and is a potential suitable surrogate marker for vitamin C. sORP can be measured rapidly using the RedoxSYS system, a point-of-care device. This study aims to validate a model that estimates plasma vitamin C concentration and to determine the diagnostic accuracy of sORP to discriminate between decreased and higher plasma vitamin C concentrations.

Methods
Plasma vitamin C concentrations and sORP were measured in a mixed intensive care (IC) population. Our model estimating vitamin C from sORP was validated by assessing its accuracy in two datasets. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves with areas under the curve (AUC) were constructed to show the diagnostic accuracy of sORP to identify and rule out hypovitaminosis C and vitamin C deficiency. Different cut-off values are provided.

Results
Plasma vitamin C concentration and sORP were measured in 117 samples in dataset 1 and 43 samples in dataset 2. Bias and precision (SD) were 1.3 ± 10.0 µmol/L and 3.9 ± 10.1 µmol/L in dataset 1 and 2, respectively. In patients with low plasma vitamin C concentrations, bias and precision were − 2.6 ± 5.1 µmol/L and − 1.1 ± 5.4 µmol in dataset 1 (n = 40) and 2 (n = 20), respectively. Optimal sORP cut-off values to differentiate hypovitaminosis C and vitamin C deficiency from higher plasma concentrations were found at 114.6 mV (AUC 0.91) and 124.7 mV (AUC 0.93), respectively.

Conclusion
sORP accurately estimates low plasma vitamin C concentrations and can be used to screen for hypovitaminosis C and vitamin C deficiency in critically ill patients. A validated model and multiple sORP cut-off values are presented for subgroup analysis in clinical trials or usage in clinical practice.
Outcomes of implants placed after osteotome sinus floor elevation without bone grafts: a systematic review and meta-analysis of single-arm studies
Authors: Ye Mingfu , Liu Wenjun , Cheng Shaolong , Yan Lihui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study is to evaluate the implant survival/success rate, gain in alveolar bone height, crestal bone loss, and complications associated with implants placed in the posterior maxilla after osteotome sinus floor elevation without bone substitutes.

Methods
The electronic databases, such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and SCOPUS were systematically and manually searched for publications in peer-reviewed journals. The included articles were subjected to qualitative and quantitative analyses, and the meta-analysis was carried out for single-arm studies. Methodological quality assessment was made for all the included studies.

Results
The included studies were of moderate quality, with the overall implant success and survival rates of 98.3% and 97.9% respectively. The most frequent intra-surgical complication was sinus membrane perforation, accounting for 3.08% of the total implants with reported perforations. The overall crestal bone loss in patients with immediate implants placed with OSFE after a 5-year follow-up was 0.957 mm 95%CI (0.538, 1.377).

Conclusion
Within the limitations of this review, it can be concluded that the survival and success rates of implants placed immediately along with OSFE without any bone substitutes are acceptable and show adequate implant stability with less crestal bone loss over 5 years.
Determinants of the practice of exclusive breastfeeding in Guinea: evidence from 2018 Guinean demographic and health survey
Authors: Soumah Anne Marie , Baldé Mamadou Diouldé , Tassembedo Mahamadi , Ouédraogo Ousmane , Garanet Franck , Ouédraogo Adja Mariam , Yara Aminata , Koulibaly Mamady , Camara Ibrahima , Kouanda Seni 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Exclusive breastfeeding is critical for infant survival and development. However, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months of life is low in sub-Saharan Africa. With the current trend in breastfeeding rates in many countries including in Guinea, the World Health Assembly target of at least 50% of children aged less than 6 months being exclusively breastfeed by 2025 is likely to be compromised and lives a numerous infant that are be at risk. The objective of this study was to identify the individual and contextual determinants of the practice of Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) in Guinea.

Method
We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the 2018 Guinea Demographic and Health Survey (DHS).
The study population consisted of women who gave birth between the ages of 15 and 49. Our sample consisted of women who had their last birth six (06) months prior to collection. The enumeration areas were our second level. A multilevel logistic regression was performed using Stata version 15.1 software. Three statistical models were implemented: The final model was obtained using the bottom-up step-by-step method. The intra-class correlation coefficient was calculated.

Results
On the 851 women included in our study, 33% reported having exclusively breastfed during the first 6 months of life of their children. After a multivariate analysis, the variables associated with exclusive breastfeeding are: children aged 2–3 months (OR = 0.53 CI95% = [0.36–0.79]) and children aged 4–5 months (OR = 0.23 IC95% = [0.14–0.36]), women in the Faranah area (OR = 2.69 IC95% = [1.21–5.94]) and those in Mamou (OR = 2.27 IC95% = [1.00–5.94]), women who gave birth in a health facility (OR = 1.94 IC95% = [1.34–2.80]) and women living in polygamous households (OR = 0.68 IC95% = [0.48–0.98]).

Conclusion
The practice of exclusive breastfeeding remains low in Guinea. For the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals, particularly the improvement of exclusive breastfeeding practices, the individual and contextual determinants identified in this study should be taken into consideration in policies and programmes.
Exploring predictors of instructional resilience during emergency remote teaching in higher education
Authors: Weidlich Joshua , Kalz Marco 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn 2020, Higher Education institutions were pressed to swiftly implement online-based teaching. Among many challenges associated with this, lecturers in Higher Education needed to promptly and flexibly adapt their teaching to these circumstances. This investigation adopts a resilience framing in order to shed light on which specific challenges were associated with this sudden switch and what helped an international sample of Higher Education lecturers (N = 102) in coping with these challenges. Results suggest that Emergency Remote Teaching was indeed challenging and quality of teaching was impeded but these effects are more nuanced than expected. Lecturers displayed instructional resilience by maintaining teaching quality despite difficulties of Emergency Remote Teaching and our exploration of predictors shows that personality factors as well as prior experience may have supported them in this. Our findings may contribute to the emerging literature surrounding Emergency Remote Teaching and contributes a unique resilience perspective to the experiences of Higher Education lecturers.
The role of intraoperative videoangiography in aneurysm surgery—a comparative study from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kaiser K. , Nayil M. , Ramzan A. , Sarbjit S. , Abrar W. , Sajad A. , Rashid A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Indocyanine green (ICG) is a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye. After intravenous injection, it reaches the vessels of the brain within 30 s. A real-time visualization of the cerebral vasculature is possible.

Results
The infarction rate and the postoperative rebleed rate in the pre-ICG era group were higher than in the ICG era.

Conclusion
Intraoperative ICGVA is a safe and effective method to confirm the exclusion of the clipped aneurysm from the circulation. It also helps to assess the patency of the surrounding vessels.
Soybean cyst nematodes: a destructive threat to soybean production in China
Authors: Peng Deliang , Jiang Ru , Peng Huan , Liu Shiming 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSoybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, is one of the most important pests in soybean production worldwide. In China, 11 different races of SCN, including a newly identified race ‘X12’ with super-virulence, have been surveyed and found to be distributed in 22 provinces. Among them, races 1, 3 and 4 are dominant in the two principal soybean-producing areas, Northeast China and Huanghuaihai Valley, causing over 120 million dollars of annual yield loss. Rapid and reliable PCR-based approaches have been developed for the molecular diagnosis of SCN. High-throughput methods for the identification of soybean resistance against SCN are also developed with specific single nucleotide polymorphism markers by using Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR technology. Over 10,000 soybean germplasm sources were evaluated for their SCN resistance, and 28 SCN-resistant soybean accessions were selected to construct an applied core collection, which has been used for soybean breeding in China. Recently, the genome sequences of SCN and soybean are publically available, and two major SCN-resistant genes (rhg1 and Rhg4) have been identified in soybean, which greatly facilitate the researches on SCN virulence and soybean resistance, and also soybean resistance breeding against SCN. However, the management of SCN still faces many bottlenecks, for instance, the single resistance genes in soybean cultivars can be easily overcome by new SCN races; the identified resistance genes are inadequate to meet the practical breeding needs; and our understanding of the mechanisms of SCN virulence and soybean resistance to SCN are limited. SCN is a destructive threat to soybean production throughout the world including China. In this review, the major progress on soybean SCN is summarized, mainly focusing on the recent research progress in SCN, soybean resistance to SCN and integrated management of SCN in China, and aiming at a better understanding of the current SCN research status and prospects for future work.
Chloroform extract and acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid from Boswellia dalzielii stem bark induce apoptosis and cell cycle blockage in AW8507 cells
Authors: Otitoju Akinbobola Peace , Longdet Ishaya Yohanna , Alemika Taiwo Emmanuel , Gota Vikram Prakash 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundGlobally, head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer. Despite the advancement in treatment, drug resistance remains a major cause for setback. In an earlier work, the authors reported thatBoswellia dalzielii(Hutch) stem bark exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity in head and neck cancer cells, AW8507. Therefore, the cell death induction effect ofBoswellia dalzieliistem bark chloroform extract in head and neck cancer cell line, AW8507, and its derived constituent on cell cycle and apoptosis proteins was further investigated.MethodsThe cell death induction activity of theBoswellia dalzieliistem bark chloroform fraction (CLBD) in AW8507 was determined using Annexin V-FITC/PI staining in flow cytometry. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was employed for compounds analysis of the CLBD, and reverse virtual screening was used to identify the mechanism of action of the compound, acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid, that was elucidated in theBoswellia dalzieliichloroform fraction.ResultsThe data obtained showed thatBoswellia dalzieliistem bark Chloroform extract increased the percentage of cells presenting for early apoptosis from 4.14 to 10.10% in AW8507 cells. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the chloroform fraction identified acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid. Reverse virtual screening on selected proteins showed that acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid is a multi-protein target compound. It binds preferably to phosphorylated-cyclin dependent kinase 1 (p-CDK1) (binding score =  − 9.2 kcal/mol), blocking the activation of cyclin B-CDK1 needed for cell cycle progression at G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid also binds more tightly with αβ tubulin (binding score = 8.9 kcal/mol) than with the standard drug, docetaxel (binding score = 8.3 kcal/mol).ConclusionsThe results obtained confirmed the culpability ofBoswellia dalzielii-derived acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid in the obstruction of the cell cycle progression in head and neck cancer cell line, AW8507; and the induction of apoptosis earlier reported forBoswellia dalzielii(Hutch) stem bark. Additional in vitro and/or in vivo studies would be required to validate in silico observations.
Segmental dilatation of ileum in a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, localized myopathy with focal stasis induced immunogenic injury as a possible etiology: a case report
Authors: Mahalik Santosh Kumar , Patra Susama , Tripathy Bikasha Bihary , Pati Akash Bihari , Mohanty Manoj Kumar , Samal Subash Chandra 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Segmental dilatation of the intestine (SDI) though uncommon is a well-known entity and more than 150 cases of SDI are reported in the literature. The presentation and association of SDI are well described; however, the association of SDI with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) has not been reported earlier. We described a case of SDI with JIA, who presented with malnutrition and chronic abdominal distension.

Case presentation
A 5-year-old female child was getting treated for JIA and referred to us for evaluation of chronic abdominal distension. On laparotomy, a huge SDI was found approximately 40 cm from the ileocecal junction and resection of the dilated part with approximately 2–3 cm of healthy ileum on each side and anastomosis was performed. The child recovered well and the features of arthritis also resolute 6 weeks later. From histologic analysis, we have suggested role of localized myopathy in development of segmental dilatation. We have further emphasized the link between the SDI with development of arthritis.

Conclusion
Etiology of SDI is multifactorial with architectural malformation of the smooth muscle due to localized myopathy is the key. Focal stasis in SDI affecting permeability and increased exposure to macromolecules, and antigens may give rise to immune-mediated arthritis. Surgical management can reduce and cure the symptoms of such patients.
Geometry of multilinear forms on l_1
Authors: Kim Sung Guen 
Published: August 2021

We characterize extreme, exposed and smooth points in the Banach space L(nE) of continuous n-linear forms on E, and in its subspace Ls(nE) of symmetric n-linear forms on E when E = l1 and E = l1m for n,m ∈ N with n,m ≥ 2 .
Long-term forensic psychiatric inpatient treatment - review of the selected literature and the analysis of data from the medium secured forensic psychiatry unit.
Authors: Gosek Paweł , Kotowska Justyna , Rowińska-Garbień Elżbieta , Bartczak Dariusz , Plewka Aleksandra , Heitzman Janusz 
Published: August 2021

Cel pracyCelem pracy była analiza czynników ryzyka wieloletnich detencji psychiatrycznych, definiowanych jako pobyt w ośrodkach psychiatrii sądowej przekraczający odpowiednio 60 i 84 miesiące, opracowana na podstawie danych dotyczących 150 pacjentów oddziału psychiatrii sądowej o wzmocnionym stopniu zabezpieczenia. Omówienie wyników poprzedzono analizą dostępnego piśmiennictwa w tym zakresie. Analizowano czynniki socjo-demograficzne, dotychczasowy przebieg choroby, charakterystykę popełnionych czynów, zachowania agresywne lub autoagresywne oraz obraz kliniczny choroby na przestrzeni ostatnich 6 miesięcy detencji psychiatrycznej.MetodaBadanie pilotażowe, oparte o retrospektywną analizę danych pochodzących z dokumentacji medycznej oraz opinii sądowo-psychiatrycznych, o charakterze przekrojowym. Ze względu na charakter zmiennych zastosowano testy T-studenta, korelację Spearmana, test ANOVA rang Kruskala-Wallisa.WynikiW analizowanym materiale z ryzykiem wieloletnich hospitalizacji w sposób istotny korelowały czynniki związane z przebiegiem ostatnich 6 miesięcy internacji, w tym stan psychiczny pacjentów, występowanie zachowań agresywnych oraz reakcja na leczenie farmakologiczne. Nie stwierdzono istotnego wpływu czynników demograficznych ani współistniejącego uzależnienia od alkoholu i substancji psychoaktywnych. Ryzyko wieloletnich detencji psychiatrycznych zwiększało się wraz z czasem trwania choroby. Nie obserwowano korelacji w zakresie wieku pacjentów w czasie rozpoczęcia detencji ani liczby detencji. Podobnie, nie stwierdzono, aby czynnikiem ryzyka był charakter rozpoznania chorobowego.WnioskiNasze badanie jest pierwszą systematyczną próbą oceny czynników ryzyka wieloletnich detencji psychiatrycznych w grupie pacjentów ośrodków psychiatrii sądowej w Polsce. Mamy nadzieję, że prezentowane wyniki dadzą nowy impuls do dyskusji o kształcie opieki sadowo-psychiatrycznej w Polsce oraz kolejne badania w tym zakresie, jak również przyczynią się do optymalizacji procesu leczenia.