bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient algorithm of dislocation-precipitate interactions for single crystal nickel-based superalloys within discrete dislocation dynamics and its application
Authors: Huang Song , Huang Minsheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the discrete dislocation dynamics (DDD) framework for single crystal nickel-based superalloys (SCNBSs) modeling is extended to simulate the superdislocation pairs shearing numerous precipitates more efficiently. An adaptive dislocation segment meshing scheme by specially treating the dislocation segments deposited on the γ/γ′ interfaces is also used to decrease the computational expense. In addition, the MPI parallel algorithm is also realized to increase the computational speed. Through this DDD framework, the size-related plastic response of SCNBSs microcrystal containing collections of precipitates is systematically investigated. Two types of SCNBSs microcrystal samples, one with intact precipitates and the other with partial precipitates truncated by free surfaces, are established for different sample sizes. The influence of the sample size, two types of boundary, and the coherency stress induced by lattice mismatch between the two phases are discussed. The results show that the influence of sample size on the yield strength and the dispersity of stress–strain curves are relatively weak when more than four precipitates across the cross section. And the effect of sample size on deformation mode and the dislocation density is still evident for all the considered sample sizes. For two types (intact and truncated precipitates) of SCNBSs microcrystal samples, the remarkable difference in their mechanical responses and dislocation evolution appears when there is only one precipitate across the cross section. In addition, the misfit stress can significantly change the dislocation distribution in different channels. However, it has less influence on the tensile stress–strain response for the considered tensile loading condition. Our results indicate that to properly characterize the global mechanical behavior of bulk SCNBSs by micro-test, the microcrystal sample should present more than sixteen whole precipitates across the cross section.
Molecular dynamics simulation on PyC interfacial failure mechanism and shear strength of SiC/SiC composites
Authors: Niu Xuming , Bian Jie , Chen Xihui , Ding Junjie , Sun Zhigang , Song Yingdong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a molecular dynamics simulation model was established for SiC/pyrolytic carbon (PyC)/SiC composites manufactured through a chemical vapor phase infiltration (CVI) process based on microscopic observation results to investigate the shear strength and failure mechanism of PyC interphase. The simulation results showed that due to the PyC interphase’s disordered structure, the carbon layer underwent non-planar shear, overlap, flip, and deflection during the shearing process, which increased the shear strength of the composites. In addition, when the strength of the PyC interphase was lower than the bonding strength with a fiber and matrix, failure was caused by the internal breakage of the PyC interphase; when the strength of the PyC interphase was higher than the bonding strength with a fiber or matrix, failure was caused by the debonding of the PyC interphase with a fiber or matrix.
Effects of impulsive harvesting and an evolving domain in a diffusive logistic model*
Authors: Meng Yue , Lin Zhigui , Pedersen Michael 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In order to understand how the combination of the evolution of a domain and impulsive harvesting affect the dynamics of a population, we investigate a diffusive logistic population model with impulsive harvesting on a periodically evolving domain. Initially the ecological reproduction index of the impulsive problem is introduced and given by an explicit formula, which depends on the domain evolution rate and the impulsive function. Then the threshold dynamics of the population subject to monotone or nonmonotone impulsive harvesting are established based on this index. Finally numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate our theoretical results, and these reveal that a large domain evolution rate can improve the populations ability to survive, no matter which impulsive harvesting takes place. On the contrary, impulsive harvesting has a negative effect on the survival of the population, and can even lead to its extinction.
Normalized solutions for the Kirchhoff equation on noncompact metric graphs
*
Authors: Qi Shijie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we are concerned with normalized solutions for the Kirchhoff equation on noncompact metric graphs

G

. We first study the case that the graph

G

is the real line and the half line respectively, which improves the results in the literature. Then we consider the existence, nonexistence and uniqueness of the normalized ground state solutions on more general noncompact metric graphs. It can be observed from the results that the existence of the normalized solution depends not only on the mass μ but also on the topology and metric properties of

G

.
Convolutional neural network based attenuation correction for 123I-FP-CIT SPECT with focused striatum imaging
Authors: Chen Yuan , Goorden Marlies C , Beekman Freek J 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
SPECT imaging with 123I-FP-CIT is used for diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson’s disease. Attenuation correction (AC) can be useful for quantitative analysis of 123I-FP-CIT SPECT. Ideally, AC would be performed based on attenuation maps (

μ

-maps) derived from perfectly registered CT scans. Such

μ

-maps, however, are most times not available and possible errors in image registration can induce quantitative inaccuracies in AC corrected SPECT images. Earlier, we showed that a convolutional neural network (CNN) based approach allows to estimate SPECT-aligned

μ

-maps for full brain perfusion imaging using only emission data. Here we investigate the feasibility of similar CNN methods for axially focused 123I-FP-CIT scans. We tested our approach on a high-resolution multi-pinhole prototype clinical SPECT system in a Monte Carlo simulation study. Three CNNs that estimate

μ

-maps in a voxel-wise, patch-wise and image-wise manner were investigated. As the added value of AC on clinical 123I-FP-CIT scans is still debatable, the impact of AC was also reported to check in which cases CNN based AC could be beneficial. AC using the ground truth

μ

-maps (GT-AC) and CNN estimated

μ

-maps (CNN-AC) were compared with the case when no AC was done (No-AC). Results show that the effect of using GT-AC versus CNN-AC or No-AC on striatal shape and symmetry is minimal. Specific binding ratios (SBRs) from localized regions show a deviation from GT-AC

≤

2.5% for all three CNN-ACs while No-AC systematically underestimates SBRs by 13.1%. A strong correlation (

r

≥

0.99) was obtained between GT-AC based SBRs and SBRs from CNN-ACs and No-AC. Absolute quantification (in kBq ml−1) shows a deviation from GT-AC within 2.2% for all three CNN-ACs and of 71.7% for No-AC. To conclude, all three CNNs show comparable performance in accurate

μ

-map estimation and 123I-FP-CIT quantification. CNN-estimated

μ

-map can be a promising substitute for CT-based

μ

-map.
Strong coupling of Bloch surface waves and excitons in ZnO up to 430 K
Authors: Henn S , Grundmann M , Sturm C 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We report on the investigation and observation of Bloch surface wave polaritons, resulting from the interaction between excitons in ZnO and a Bloch surface wave supported by a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR), for temperatures up to 430 K. The samples were fabricated using pulsed laser deposition and consist of a DBR made of 6.5 layer pairs of yttrica-stabilized zirconia and Al2O3 with a ZnO surface layer. We measured the reflectivity of transverse electric modes using a SiO2 prism in Kretschmann–Raether configuration, giving access to high in-plane momenta. Whereas the lower polariton branch was clearly observable, the upper polariton branch was not visible, due to the strong absorption in ZnO above the excitonic resonance. By employing a coupled oscillator model for the interaction between the bare surface mode and exciton, we derived a corresponding Rabi splitting between 100–192 meV at 294 K, which decreases with increasing temperature.
Two-proton radioactivity of ground and excited states within a unified fission model *
Authors: Xing Fengzhu , Cui Jianpo , Wang Yanzhao , Gu Jianzhong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A unified fission model is extended to study two-proton radioactivity of the ground states of nuclei, and a good agreement between the experimental and calculated half-lives is found. The two-proton radioactivity half-lives of the ground states of some probable candidates are predicted within this model by inputting the released energies taken from the AME2020 table. It is shown that the predictive accuracy of the half-lives is comparable to those of other models. Then, two-proton radioactivity of the excited states of 14O, 17,18Ne, 22Mg, 29S, and 94Ag is discussed within the unified fission model and two analytical formulas. It is found that the experimental half-lives of the excited states are reproduced better within the unified fission model. Furthermore, the two formulas are not suitable for the study of two-proton radioactivity of excited states because their physical appearance deviates from the mechanism of quantum tunneling, and the parameters involved are obtained without including experimental data from the excited states.
A simple model for assessing climate control trade-offs and responding to unanticipated climate outcomes
Authors: Drake Henri F , Rivest Ronald L , Edelman Alan , Deutch John 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Persistent greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions threaten global climate goals and have prompted consideration of climate controls supplementary to emissions mitigation. We present MARGO, an idealized model of optimally-controlled climate change, which is complementary to both simpler conceptual models and more complicated Integrated Assessment Models. The four methods of controlling climate damage—mitigation, carbon dioxide removal (CDR), adaptation, and solar radiation modification (SRM)—are not interchangeable, as they enter at different stages of the causal chain that connects GHG emissions to climate damages. Early and aggressive mitigation is necessary to stabilize GHG concentrations below a tolerable level. While the most cost-beneficial and cost-effective pathways to reducing climate suffering include deployments of all four controls, the quantitative trade-offs between the different controls are sensitive to value-driven parameters and poorly-known future costs and damages.
Static policy optimization assumes perfect foresight and obscures the active role decision-makers have in shaping a climate trajectory. We propose an explicit policy response process wherein climate control policies are re-adjusted over time in response to unanticipated outcomes. We illustrate this process in two ‘storyline’ scenarios: (a) near-term increases in mitigation and CDR are deficient, such that climate goals are expected to slip out of reach; (b) SRM is abruptly terminated after 40 years of successful deployment, causing an extremely rapid warming which is amplified by an excess of GHGs due to deterred mitigation. In both cases, an optimized policy response yields substantial benefits relative to continuing the original policy.
The MARGO model is intentionally designed to be as simple, transparent, customizable, and accessible as possible, addressing concerns about previous climate-economic modelling approaches and enabling a more diverse set of stakeholders to engage with these essential and timely topics.
The emission reduction potential of electric transport modes in Finland
Authors: Jenu Samppa , Baumeister Stefan , Pippuri-Mäkeläinen Jenni , Manninen Aino , Paakkinen Marko 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The transportation sector has become the fastest growing source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. One solution to mitigate the impacts is a shift towards electric modes. Where previous studies have only focused on the replacement of individual modes, our study presents a more holistic approach by comparing land-based, water-based and airborne transportation modes. We study the GHG emission reduction potentials of electric cars, buses, trains, ferries and aircraft in comparison to existing modes on 34 routes within Finland and across the Baltic Sea to Sweden and Estonia. By comparing the GHG emissions in carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2-eq) per passenger kilometer for each mode, we also consider the emissions generated from battery production as well as the differences in the energy mix from electricity production of the three studied countries. In addition to CO2-eq emissions per passenger kilometer, we also take real door-to-door travel times into account. Our study found that electric transportation modes possess great potential for emissions reduction. Nevertheless, depending on the energy mix used for electricity production, the emissions of electric transportation modes can exceed those of existing modes significantly. In addition, the emissions generated by battery production can have a significant share of the total emissions and should therefore always be considered. Finally, while also taking into account the door-to-door travel times, our study identified the great potential of electric aircraft to provide a less carbon intensive transportation option paired with short travel times starting on routes beyond 300 km where no high-speed rail exists as well as on routes across the water.
FTIR analysis of polyethylene glycol treated bacterial cellulose pellicle
Authors: Maulana J , Suryanto H , Susilo B D , Yanuhar U , Aminnudin A , Pradana Y R A , Bintara R D 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Abstrak. This research identified the effect of additional polyethylene glycol (PEG) in bacterial cellulose made from pineapple peel waste. The produced pellicles were soaked in PEG solution with 0%, 1%, 2.5%, and 5%. Then, they were homogenised using an ultrasonic homogeniser for 15 minutes before dried using the freeze-drying method. The functional groups were observed using FTIR. The functional groups showed the presence of cellulose I and cellulose II at 439.08 cm−1, 2895.15 cm−1, 1963.53 cm−1 1633.71 cm−1, 1315.45 cm−1, 839.03 cm−1 wavenumbers. Additional PEG caused an increase of the C-H bond at 1963.53 cm−1 wave number.
The change of land use patterns and cover on the surface runoff in Krueng Meuraksa sub-watershed
Authors: Savitri A , Achmad A , Fadhly N 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The increasing population and the development of Lhokseumawe city from 2008-2018 resulted in changes in land use, therefore the type of land cover will be a benchmark for how much the surface run-off will occur. In this study there are six categories of land use types, thus are shrubs, plantations, settlements, open land, dryland farming and rice field. Krueng Meuraksa sub-watershed is in Lhokseumawe, North Aceh Regency, Aceh Province. The area of Krueng Meuraksa sub-watershed is 9,958.56 ha. This study aims to observe how the pattern of land use change and run-off in 2008–2018. This study uses secondary data collection methods obtained from related resources. The result shows that there is a change in land use where the area of land cover continues to increase in the residential area, on the contrary the area of land cover continues to decrease in dryland farming area. These changes lead to an increase in the coefficient of surface run-off in Krueng Meuraksa sub-watershed in 2008–2018, where in 2008 it was 0.726 and in 2018 it was 0.787. Based on the run-off coefficient, rainfall intensity and sub-watershed in Krueng Meuraksa, the amount of run-off was 333.403 m3/d in 2008 and 361.765 m3/d in 2018. The increase in the amount of run-off occurs as the run-off coefficient increases every year
Planning of fishing residential in Kuta Village (supporting the Mandalika special economic zone) based on green concept
Authors: Saptaningtyas R S , Utomo P K , Hilyana S , Anwar S N R 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A Fishing housing in Kuta Village in Central Lombok Regency supports the Mandalika Special Economic Zone (SEZ). Housing with environmental issues and inadequate infrastructure in the fishing village of Kuta village is a fact. On the other hand, this area is a potential tourist destination in West Nusa Tenggara Indonesia. The aim is to produce a reference document for developing fisherman housing in Kuta Village based on a sustainable environment. This methodology uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The conclusion is that the planning of fishing settlement areas must be developed with a sustainable development model. Where in this development must adopt materials that are friendly and adaptive to the environment. The development of sustainable tourism may not be fully appreciated by stakeholders, but there is a responsibility to maintain regional development, especially in coastal areas. Sustainability should be considered by developers and policymakers to create a more desirable tourism future for coastal areas.
Thermogravimetric and kinetic analyses of the Skeletonema costatum microalgae combustion using the fitting method
Authors: Sukarni S , Prasetiyo A , Zulfambudy R , Permanasari A A , Puspitasari P 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This work was intended to understand the potential of Skeletonema costatum (S. costatum) microalgae being the solid biofuel feedstock by studying its combustion behavior under a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The following parameters were used during the experiment: about 5 mg of weighed sample was put into a ceramic crucible; the atmospheric air of 100 ml/min was flowed to the chamber to ensure sufficient combustion air; heating was escalated with a rate of 10 °C/min, and combustion was performed at a temperature range from 30 °C to 1200 °C. The results showed that the combustion process of S. costatum microalgae could be divided into four stages of decomposition, including the evaporation stage of moisture content from a temperature of 31.68 °C to 150.93 °C, the devolatilization stage from a 150.93 °C to 505.053 °C, the stage of char combustion from a 505.053 °C to 1018.15 °C and the final stage of ash decomposition from 1018.15 °C to 1200 °C. The kinetic parameters were calculated in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd stages based on the fitting model of the Coats-Redfern method by selecting reaction mechanisms. The activation energy values for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd stages were 71.18; 39.49, and 56.92 kJ/mol, respectively, and correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.959; 0.988, and 0.978, respectively in the Chemical Reaction Order models.
Energy dissipation of graded concrete beams on maximum reinforcement ratio
Authors: Novitasari Y , Pratama M M A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Energy dissipation is a parameter that contributes to the deformation process of structural elements. Factors affecting the value of energy dissipation include concrete compressive strength, reinforcement ratio, cross-sectional dimensions, and history of loading that occurs on the structure. In this study, the graded concrete (GC) beams with a maximum reinforcement design was tested under flexural test to analyse the resulting energy dissipation. The resulting data was then compared to the reference beams. The results showed that: 1) The use of cross-sectional dimension ratio of ½ in GC beams using maximum reinforcement can increase the energy dissipation by more than 2000%; 2) Design of reinforcement area should be based on the higher concrete strength to increase energy dissipation up to 100%; 3) The use of GC save on construction costs can increase energy dissipation by up to 400% with a reduction in load capacity of 25%; 4) The use of GC to improve the properties of structural elements can increase energy dissipation by more than 60% while increasing load performance by almost 50%.
Application of overlay method in interpreting of traffic noise distribution in land use
Authors: Lakawa I , Sufrianto S , Jusrin J 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Overlay studies with geographic information systems (GIS) are usually only to describe the condition of land elevation points, and various situations in land use. The purpose of this study was to analyze the intensity of noise in various types of land use and visualization of noise distribution maps. The research method uses a mathematical and overlay approach. The results showed that the average traffic flow was 1931 veh/h with a composition of motorcycle 61%, light vehicle 35%, and heavy vehicle 4%. Traffic noise level on Tuesday is 75.2 dB, while on Sunday it is 75.5 dB. There is no significant difference in noise intensity on Tuesday and Sunday at Ahmad Yani, MT. Haryono, Sao-Sao, and Abunawas Street. On Tuesday the highest noise level occurs in front of the education area while on Sunday in front of the shopping area. The intensity of noise distribution that reaches the highest land use occurs in the shopping area, followed by the office area, and the lowest in the school area. This is due to the increase in distance from the roadside.
Elemental compositions analysis of Arthrospira platensis-activated carbon blend using energy-dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy
Authors: Aminullah A Y , Sukarni S , Prasetiyo A , Zakaria Y , Permanasari A A , Puspitasari P 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The biomass combustion in the boiler furnace faces a common problem related to slagging and fouling. The slag deposits and fouling of boiler components have been significantly influenced by inorganic matter in biomass origin. Therefore, chemical composition greatly determines the potential of biomass as a fuel. This study was conducted to determine the chemical content of Arthrospira platensis (AP) microalgae, activated carbon (AC), and a mixture of AP and AC with a mass ratio of 10:1 (AP/AC:10/1) by using an Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) spectroscopy. The results showed that the chemical content of AP microalgae was dominated by C and O elements by 63.25 and 27.99 (wt.%), respectively. It was also shown that activated carbon was dominated by C and O elements at 89.91 and 10.08 (wt.%), respectively. Moreover, the addition of AC to the AP led to a decrease in the percentage of O content and increased the percentage of C from 63.25 to 91.20 (wt.%). It is expected that adding AC can improve the performance of AP biomass during the thermal conversion process.
Study on fatigue crack growth of electron beam selective melting of titanium alloy
Authors: Gao Zihao , Yang Shanglei , Meng Xuan , Wang Zhentao , Peng Zeng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the application of additive manufacturing, it is inevitable to use some formed parts with a smaller height. The analysis of various mechanical properties of these formed parts is the focus of research. In this paper, the fatigue performance of a titanium alloy specimen with a 10 mm height and electron beam selective melting is studied. By analyzing the structure and phase of the overall fatigue specimen, and then cutting the overall specimen parallel and perpendicular to the additive manufacturing direction, the tensile and fatigue tests in different directions are performed to detect the fatigue cracks at the fracture propagation the way to research. It is found that there are two ways of secondary crack propagation between fatigue bands, and three cracks are generated during the fatigue secondary crack propagation.