bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic disease health literacy in First Nations people: A mixed methods study
Authors: Rheault Haunnah , Coyer Fiona , Bonner Ann 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimTo explore chronic disease education, self‐management and health literacy abilities from First Nations Australian adults with chronic disease through the integration of qualitative and quantitative findings.BackgroundChronic disease management requires good health literacy abilities to manage long‐term health needs. First Nations people have a higher burden of chronic disease although little is known regarding chronic disease health literacy of First Nations people.DesignA concurrent embedded mixed methods study reported using the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines.MethodsData were collected from First Nations people with one or more chronic diseases living in remote Australia between February–November 2017. Quantitative data (n = 200) were collected using the Health Literacy Questionnaire along with demographic and health data. Qualitative data (n = 20) were collected via face‐to‐face interviews to examine chronic disease education and self‐management experiences. Data were analysed separately then integrated to develop meta‐inferences.ResultsPoor communication from healthcare providers coupled with low health literacy abilities is a major barrier to both active and successful management of chronic disease. Communicating in medical jargon resulted in individuals being placed in a power differential causing lack of trust and relationship breakdowns with healthcare providers affecting active chronic disease self‐management. The perception of inevitability and ambivalence towards chronic disease and the notion of futility towards self‐management were concurred with the low level of active engagement in health care.ConclusionsYarning is an important strategy used by First Nations people for communication. For nurses, understanding and developing skills in yarning will facilitate cultural safety, communication and understanding about chronic disease self‐management in contexts where health literacy abilities are challenged.Relevance to Clinical PracticeUsing yarning, and plain language visual aids, and teach‐back will readdress the power differential experienced by First Nations people and may also improve understanding of chronic disease self‐management.
The development of the Western Australian Haemodialysis Vascular Access Complexity instrument
Authors: Coventry Linda L. , Hosking Jon , Coral Evelyn , Jenkins Mark , Salgado Kent Chandra P. , Chan Doris , Lim Wai , Twigg Diane E. , Rickard Claire M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Western Australian Haemodialysis Vascular Access Classification instrument was developed to classify the cannulation complexity of the arteriovenous fistula or arteriovenous graft as simple, challenging, or complex. Although the instrument was developed by experts in haemodialysis nursing, the instrument had not undergone formal validity or reliability testing.ObjectivesEvaluate the Western Australian Haemodialysis Vascular Access Classification instrument for content validity, interrater and test–retest reliability.DesignProspective cohort study.ParticipantsContent validity was assessed by haemodialysis nursing experts (n = 8). The reliability testing occurred in one in‐centre and one satellite haemodialysis unit in Western Australia from September to November 2019. Reliability testing was performed by 38 haemodialysis nurses in 67 patients receiving haemodialysis and 247 episodes of cannulation.MeasurementsInterrater and test–retest reliability assessment was conducted using κ, adjusted κ, Bland–Altman plots, intraclass correlation coefficient and Pearson's correlation coefficient.ResultsThe final version of the instrument (n = 20 items) had individual item‐level content validity indices ranging from 0.625 to 1.00 with a scale‐level content validity index of 0.89. For both interrater (n = 172 pairs) and test–retest (n = 101 pairs), most individual variables had excellent adjusted κ (n = 33 variables), some fair to good agreement (n = 6 variables) and one variable with poor agreement. The classification of simple, challenging and complex demonstrated adjusted κ of fair to good, to excellent agreement for interrater reliability with lower levels of agreement for test–retest reliability.ConclusionsThis instrument may be used to match a competency‐assessed nurse to perform the cannulation thereby minimising the risk of missed cannulation and trauma.
Temperature and salinity adaptability of the coral reef topshell Tectus pyramis
Authors: Ou Zekui , Liu Wenguang , He Maoxian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTopshell Tectus pyramis is a coral reef snail of economic and ecological value. This study assessed temperature and salinity tolerance in T. pyramis and the interaction between temperature and salinity on metabolism. The adaptability of T. pyramis was assessed with mortality, respiration, and nitrogen excretion. This study found that snail (T. pyramis) with body sizes of width 60.30 ± 3.46, 40.12 ± 2.34, and 20.02 ± 1.15 mm tolerated temperatures of 15–35, 15–35, and 20–30°C and salinity of 13–38, 18–38, and 23–33‰, respectively. It demonstrates that larger snails can adapt better to variations in temperature and salinity. Temperature and salinity have a significant effect on the metabolism of snails. Smaller snails have a higher metabolism and are more sensitive to changes in temperature and salinity. Overall, results suggest that seawater with 30°C temperature and 33‰ salinity was suitable for T. pyramis.
Exploring attributions of causality for child undernutrition: Qualitative analysis in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Lufumpa Nakawala , Lavis Anna , Caleyachetty Rishi , Henry Michael , Kabombwe Sheena , Manaseki‐Holland Semira 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChild undernutrition is responsible for 45% of all under‐five deaths in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) and numerous morbidities. Although progress has been made, high levels of child undernutrition persist in Zambia. Existing studies have explored primary caretakers' (PCs) explanatory models of child undernutrition in LMICs, without comparison with those of health care providers (HCPs). This paper examines and compares the perceived causes of child undernutrition among PCs and HCPs in Zambia. We conducted a qualitative study, using semistructured one‐to‐one and group interviews, with 38 PCs and 10 HCPs to explore their perceptions of child undernutrition and its perceived causes in Lusaka district, Zambia. Interview data were analysed with thematic analysis. Our findings indicate that PCs and HCPs in Lusaka district have divergent explanatory models of child undernutrition and perceive parental agency differently. In divergently framing how they conceptualise undernutrition and who is able to prevent it, these models underpin different attributions of causality and different opportunities for intervention. PCs highlighted factors such as child food preferences, child health, and household finances. Contrarily, HCPs stressed factors such as ‘improper feeding’, only highlighting factors such as wider economic conditions when these impacted specifically on health care services. One factor, identified by both groups, was ‘inadequate mothering’. To accelerate the reduction of child undernutrition, interventions must address divergences between PCs and HCPs' explanatory models. Additionally, attention needs to be paid to how wider socio‐economic and cultural contexts not only impact childhood undernutrition but shape attributions of causality.
Invasive aspergillosis due to Aspergillus cryptic species: A prospective multicentre study
Authors: Imbert Sebastien , Cassaing Sophie , Bonnal Christine , Normand Anne‐Cecile , Gabriel Frederic , Costa Damien , Blaize Marion , Lachaud Laurence , Hasseine Lilia , Kristensen Lise , Guitard Juliette , Schuttler Christine , Raberin Helene , Brun Sophie , Hendrickx Marijke , Piarroux Renaud , Fekkar Arnaud 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesAspergillus cryptic species are increasingly recognised causes of Aspergillus diseases, including life‐threatening invasive aspergillosis (IA). However, as their accurate identification remains challenging in a routine practice, few is known from a clinical and epidemiological perspective. Recently, the MSI application has emerged as a powerful tool for the detection and identification of Aspergillus cryptic species. We aimed to use to the network of users of the MSI application to conduct a multicentre prospective screening of Aspergillus cryptic species‐related IA and analyse their epidemiological, clinical and mycological characteristics.MethodsOver a 27‐month period, the clinical involvement of 369 Aspergillus cryptic isolates, from 13 French and Danish MSI application users, was prospectively analysed. Species identification was confirmed by DNA‐sequencing and antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using EUCAST reference method. Fifty‐one A fumigatus sensu stricto invasive cases were also analysed.ResultsFifteen cryptic isolates were responsible of IA. Eight species were involved, including 5 cases related to the species A sublatus. These species showed high rate of in vitro low susceptibility to antifungal drugs. In comparison with A fumigatus sensu stricto invasive cases, pre‐exposure to azole drugs was significantly associated with cryptic IA (P = .02).DiscussionThis study brings new insights in cryptic species related IA and underlines the importance to identify accurately at the species level these Aspergillus isolates. The increasing use of antifungal drugs might lead in the future to an epidemiologic shift with an emergence of resistant isolates involved in IA.
Contributions of the international plant science community to the fight against infectious diseases in humans—part 2: Affordable drugs in edible plants for endemic and re‐emerging diseases
Authors: He Wenshu , Baysal Can , Lobato Gómez Maria , Huang Xin , Alvarez Derry , Zhu Changfu , Armario‐Najera Victoria , Blanco Perera Aamaya , Cerda Bennaser Pedro , Saba‐Mayoral Andrea , Sobrino‐Mengual Guillermo , Vargheese Ashwin , Abranches Rita , Alexandra Abreu Isabel , Balamurugan Shanmugaraj , Bock Ralph , Buyel Johannes F. , da Cunha Nicolau B. , Daniell Henry , Faller Roland , Folgado André , Gowtham Iyappan , Häkkinen Suvi T. , Kumar Shashi , Sathish Kumar Ramalingam , Lacorte Cristiano , Lomonossoff George P. , Luís Ines M. , K.‐C. Ma Julian , McDonald Karen A. , Murad Andre , Nandi Somen , O’Keef Barry , Parthiban Subramanian , Paul Mathew J. , Ponndorf Daniel , Rech Elibio , Rodrigues Julio C.M. , Ruf Stephanie , Schillberg Stefan , Schwestka Jennifer , Shah Priya S. , Singh Rahul , Stoger Eva , Twyman Richard M. , Varghese Inchakalody P. , Vianna Giovanni R. , Webster Gina , Wilbers Ruud H. P. , Christou Paul , Oksman‐Caldentey Kirsi‐Marja , Capell Teresa 
Published: June 2021

SummaryThe fight against infectious diseases often focuses on epidemics and pandemics, which demand urgent resources and command attention from the health authorities and media. However, the vast majority of deaths caused by infectious diseases occur in endemic zones, particularly in developing countries, placing a disproportionate burden on underfunded health systems and often requiring international interventions. The provision of vaccines and other biologics is hampered not only by the high cost and limited scalability of traditional manufacturing platforms based on microbial and animal cells, but also by challenges caused by distribution and storage, particularly in regions without a complete cold chain. In this review article, we consider the potential of molecular farming to address the challenges of endemic and re‐emerging diseases, focusing on edible plants for the development of oral drugs. Key recent developments in this field include successful clinical trials based on orally delivered dried leaves of Artemisia annua against malarial parasite strains resistant to artemisinin combination therapy, the ability to produce clinical‐grade protein drugs in leaves to treat infectious diseases and the long‐term storage of protein drugs in dried leaves at ambient temperatures. Recent FDA approval of the first orally delivered protein drug encapsulated in plant cells to treat peanut allergy has opened the door for the development of affordable oral drugs that can be manufactured and distributed in remote areas without cold storage infrastructure and that eliminate the need for expensive purification steps and sterile delivery by injection.
The culturally intelligent way of acculturating: Examining cultural intelligence and acculturation orientations among foreign workers in the Danish context of reception
Authors: Ozer Simon , Schwartz Seth J. 
Published: June 2021

In contemporary globalized societies, the number of foreign workers is increasing, resulting in greater intercultural contact and adaptation. Foreign workers apply their cultural intelligence when adapting to and working in multicultural environments, resulting in affiliations with both their cultural heritage and their destination cultural stream. We examined foreign workers’ (N = 264) intercultural adaptation in the globalized context of Denmark. We found that cultural intelligence was directly and positively linked with adaptable work performance. Furthermore, cultural intelligence was indirectly and negatively associated with sociocultural adaptation difficulties through endorsement of Danish culture. Likewise, perceived negative context of reception was indirectly and positively associated with sociocultural adaptation difficulties through low endorsement of Danish culture. Additionally, perceived stress predicted adaptable work performance, whereas perceived context of reception and sociocultural adaptation difficulties did not. Overall, our results suggest involvement in the destination culture as a culturally intelligent way of applying one’s cultural capabilities, suggesting that the perceived context of reception is of great importance for helping foreign workers adapt to their destination cultural environments.
Toward a sociology of global comparative placemaking
Authors: Chica Christina Marie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractI call for a globally informed sociology of comparative placemaking that integrates historical and contemporary processes and includes the ephemeral, institutional, and personal. By placemaking, I am referring to the explicit or tacit cooperation among people to create, maintain, and give meaning to places in space through bodily occupation given differential resources and constraints. I review select place, space, and community‐based literature about urban, Black, migrant, LGBTQ, and international populations to think about how we can build upon and integrate multiple theoretical, methodological, and epistemological insights to form an explicit placemaking research agenda. A US focus on neighborhoods contrasts with a comparative examination of global urban networks, social polarization, and transformation of the built environment in the interdisciplinary field of global urban studies (Ren, 2018). I argue for a placemaking research agenda that bridges insight from US Urban Sociology with Global Urban Studies to consider how various structures and actors constrain and facilitate place projects. With a globally reaching and comparatively informed sociology of placemaking, we can illuminate our multi‐structured story of place and agency in context. We can answer questions about how and why we co‐create and are simultaneously disciplined by the process of creation.
Hydrogen-Enriched Biogas Premixed Charge Combustion and Emissions in Direct Injection and Indirect Injection Diesel Dual Fueled Engines: A Comparative Study
Authors: Bui Van Ga , Bui Thi Minh Tu , Hoang Anh Tuan , Nižetić Sandro , Nguyen Thi Thanh Xuan , Vo Anh Vu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a comparative study on combustion and emissions of hydrogen-enriched biogas premixed charge direct injection dual-fuel (DIDF) engine and indirect injection dual-fuel (IDIDF) engine. The results show that the IDIDF engine outperforms the DIDF engine in terms of higher indicative engine cycle work (Wi) and lower emissions of CO, soot, and noise, but the disadvantage is higher NOx emission. Under the same fueling condition, the IDIDF engine’s Wi is on average 6% higher than that of the DIDF engine, but the NOx concentration in the combustion products of the IDIDF engine is 1.5 times higher than that of the DIDF engine. The IDIDF engine creates the stratified mixture distribution with higher O2 concentration in the auxiliary combustion chamber, which is favorable for auto-ignition and reduces the ignition delay. The biogas composition affects slightly CO and soot emissions, but significantly affects NOx emission. When the methane composition in biogas increases from 60% to 80%, the soot volume fraction is approximately 0.1 ppm in both types of combustion chambers, the CO concentration varies from 1.4% to 1.8%, and the NOx concentration varies from 3000 to 5000 ppm in the case of IDIDF engine and 2500–4500 ppm in the case of DIDF engine. For both types of dual-fuel engines, when engine speed increases, CO concentration and the soot volume fraction increase, while Wi and NOx concentration decrease.
Identification and Estimation of Damage Severity in a Turbine Blade Packet Using Inverse Eigen-Value Analysis—A Numerical Study
Authors: Chatterjee Animesh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Turbine blades are critical machine components in power plants and aerospace turbo engines. Failure of these blades in operation leads to catastrophic damages as well as high cost of maintenance and repair. Blades are often assembled in packets with lacing wire or shroud ring interconnections. Natural frequencies of the bladed packets are designed in a specific range to avoid possible resonant stresses. However, frequent damages during operation alter the stiffness of the blade-packet assembly and change the eigen-spectrum. A numerical study is presented in this work, where it is demonstrated that characteristic changes in eigen-spectrum can identify both severity and location of such damages. The work employs matrix perturbation theory on the eigen-value problem, formulated from the lumped-parameter modeling of the blade packet. Damage is considered as a perturbation in the stiffness matrix with damage severity acting as the perturbation parameter. First, a graphical pattern recognition method, and then, a damage proximity index evaluation method is suggested for damage identification. Further, an estimation algorithm for damage severity is presented with numerically simulated computations, which demonstrates that the methods can exactly identify the damage location and, with very little error, can estimate the damage severity.
Design and Analysis of Nonlinear Controller for a Standalone Photovoltaic System Using Lyapunov Stability Theory
Authors: Kumar Narendra , Sharma Aman 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the Lyapunov stability theory-based nonlinear controller design for a standalone photovoltaic (PV) system. The comparative analysis of different nonlinear controllers is also carried out. Due to the nonlinear I-V characteristics of photovoltaic systems, conventional hill-climbing methods like Perturbate and Observe and Incremental Conductance do not show reliable tracking of maximum power under various uncertainties. Therefore, these methods require nonlinear tools to meet control objectives and design specifications. Out of various nonlinear controlling techniques, the one presented in this paper is the sliding mode approach for maximum power point tracking (MPPT). In the context of Lyapunov stability theory, the sliding mode approach uses a switching manifold. In this approach, the system trajectories are made to follow the sliding surface and remain there forever to ensure the stability of equilibrium points. Two types of sliding mode controllers have been simulated, namely, conventional—sliding mode controller (CSMC) and terminal—sliding mode controller (TSMC). The results are analyzed and compared scientifically on various performance parameters including duty cycle ratio, ideal and PV output power, and time taken for error convergence, under varying dynamic conditions. All the control algorithms are developed in matlab/Simulink.
The Influence of an Impedance Obstacle on the Acoustic Field Inside a Rectangular Room
Authors: Szemela Krzysztof , Rdzanek Wojciech 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The problem of sound propagation inside a rigid-walled room containing a rectangular obstacle was solved by dividing an acoustic field into subregions and using the continuity conditions. Acoustic waves were generated by a point source. The formulas valid for an impedance obstacle extending from a room floor to its ceiling were obtained. The considered obstacle can model such elements as a ventilation shaft, furniture, or construction pillar. The solution was expressed in the form of convergent series. To obtain accurate results, the error resulting from the use of truncated series was controlled. Additionally, to check the correctness of the proposed solution and its computer implementation, the results obtained for a negligibly small obstacle were compared with those given by the empty room model. An excellent agreement was achieved which proves a high accuracy of the used methodology. The numerical analysis shows that the calculation time of acoustic pressure in a part of an empty room can be significantly reduced using the obtained solution. An appropriate source location for noise reduction was found. The distribution of acoustic field was illustrated and some conclusions were formulated. The changes in acoustic field due to the presence of an obstacle were predicted and discussed.
Mechanism of Crack Initiation and Propagation of Re-Entrant Auxetic Honeycombs Under Thermal Shock
Authors: Li Z. , Wang B. L. , Wang K. F. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Thermal shock multiple cracking behaviors of re-entrant auxetic honeycombs with a negative Poisson’s ratio are investigated, and the crack initiation and propagation behavior are discussed. An effective macro continuum model is developed to detect the effects of cracking density and microstructures of auxetic honeycombs on the thermal stress and intensity. The microscale tensile stresses in the struts ahead of the crack as functions of the corresponding thermal stress intensity factor (SIF) at the macroscale are evaluated by employing a macro–micro model. Then, a lower-bound method is proposed to assess the critical thermal load of auxetic honeycombs by combining the macro-micro model and the macro continuum model. A significant increase in both transient thermal stress and intensity as the growing cell-wall angle is demonstrated. Results for the maximum thermal SIF as well as the maximum tensile stress in the middle of cracks are calculated as functions of crack density and length. With the identical SIF, the microscale tensile stresses ahead of the crack in honeycombs with smaller cell-wall angles are greater than that in mediums with larger angles due to the more significant crack tip opening displacement. Critical thermal load prediction reveals that the honeycombs with smaller cell-wall angles generally possess more excellent thermal shock resistance. Also, the varying failure modes of different auxetic honeycomb strips under specific thermal load are predicted. The corresponding mechanisms of crack initiation and propagation are revealed.