bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The vibrational properties of benzene on an ordered water ice surface
Authors: Clark Victoria H J , Benoit David M 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a hybrid CCSD(T) + PBE-D3 approach to calculating the vibrational signatures for gas-phase benzene and benzene adsorbed on an ordered water ice surface. We compare the results of our method against experimentally recorded spectra and calculations performed using PBE-D3-only approaches (harmonic and anharmonic). Calculations use a proton ordered XIh water ice surface consisting of 288 water molecules, and results are compared against experimental spectra recorded for an ASW ice surface. We show the importance of including a water ice surface into spectroscopic calculations, owing to the resulting differences in vibrational modes, frequencies, and intensities of transitions seen in the IR spectrum. The overall intensity pattern shifts from a dominating ν11 band in the gas-phase to several high-intensity carriers for an IR spectrum of adsorbed benzene. When used for adsorbed benzene, the hybrid approach presented here achieves an RMSD for IR active modes of 21 cm−1, compared to 72 cm−1 and 49 cm−1 for the anharmonic and harmonic PBE-D3 approaches, respectively. Our hybrid model for gaseous benzene also achieves the best results when compared to experiment, with an RMSD for IR active modes of 24 cm−1, compared to 55 cm−1 and 31 cm−1 for the anharmonic and harmonic PBE-D3 approaches, respectively. To facilitate assignment, we generate and provide a correspondence graph between the normal modes of the gaseous and adsorbed benzene molecules. Finally, we calculate the frequency shifts, Δν, of adsorbed benzene relative to its gas-phase to highlight the effects of surface interactions on vibrational bands and evaluate the suitability of our chosen dispersion-corrected density functional theory.
Flickering around the outburst cycle in Kepler dwarf novae
Authors: Bruch Albert 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTTaking advantage of the unparalleled quantity and quality of high-cadence Kepler light curves of several dwarf novae, the strength of the flickering and the high-frequency spectral index of their power spectra are investigated as a function of magnitude around the outburst cycle of these systems. Previous work suggesting that the flickering strength (on a magnitude scale) is practically constant above a given brightness threshold and only rises at fainter magnitudes is confirmed for most of the investigated systems. As a new feature, a hysteresis in the flickering strength is seen in the sense that at the same magnitude level flickering is stronger during decline from outburst than during the rise. A similar hysteresis is also seen in the spectral index. In both cases, it can qualitatively be explained under plausible assumptions within the disc instability model model for dwarf nova outbursts.
Chemical capping improves template switching and enhances sequencing of small RNAs
Authors: Wulf Madalee G , Maguire Sean , Dai Nan , Blondel Alice , Posfai Dora , Krishnan Keerthana , Sun Zhiyi , Guan Shengxi , Corrêa Ivan R 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Template-switching reverse transcription is widely used in RNA sequencing for low-input and low-quality samples, including RNA from single cells or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. Previously, we identified the native eukaryotic mRNA 5′ cap as a key structural element for enhancing template switching efficiency. Here, we introduce CapTS-seq, a new strategy for sequencing small RNAs that combines chemical capping and template switching. We probed a variety of non-native synthetic cap structures and found that an unmethylated guanosine triphosphate cap led to the lowest bias and highest efficiency for template switching. Through cross-examination of different nucleotides at the cap position, our data provided unequivocal evidence that the 5′ cap acts as a template for the first nucleotide in reverse transcriptase-mediated post-templated addition to the emerging cDNA—a key feature to propel template switching. We deployed CapTS-seq for sequencing synthetic miRNAs, human total brain and liver FFPE RNA, and demonstrated that it consistently improves library quality for miRNAs in comparison with a gold standard template switching-based small RNA-seq kit.
Effects of a Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet on Reported Pain, Blood Biomarkers and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Pain: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Field Rowena , Pourkazemi Fereshteh , Rooney Kieron 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet has been reported to improve chronic pain by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and sensitivity within the nervous system. The main aim of this trial is to evaluate the effects of a ketogenic diet on reported pain, blood biomarkers and quality of life in patients with chronic pain.

Methods
Participants with chronic musculoskeletal pain were recruited for a 12-week diet intervention that commenced with a 3-week run-in diet removing ultra-processed foods, followed by randomization to either a whole-food/well-formulated ketogenic diet (WFKD) or to continue with the minimally processed whole-food diet (WFD). Outcome measures included: average pain (visual analogue scale VAS), blood biomarkers, anthropometrics, adherence, depression, anxiety, sleep, ketones, quality of life, diet satisfaction, and macronutrient intake.

Results
Average weekly pain improved for both groups. WFKD group VAS reduced by 17.9 ± 5.2 mm (P = .004) and the WFD group VAS reduced 11.0 ± 9.0 mm (P = .006). Both groups also reported improved quality of life (WFKD = 11.5 ± 2.8%, P = .001 and WFD = 11.0 ± 3.5%, P = .014). The WFKD group also demonstrated significant improvements in pain interference (P = 0.013), weight (P &lt; .005), depression (P = .015), anxiety (P = .013), and inflammation (hsCRP) (P = .009). Significant average pain reduction remained at three-month follow-up for both groups (WFKD P = .031, WFD P = .011).

Conclusions
The implementation of a whole-food diet that restricts ultra-processed foods is a valid pain management tool; however, a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets may have potentially greater pain reduction, weight loss and mood improvements.
Functional Outcomes and Physical Performance of Knee Osteoarthritis Patients After Ultrasound-Guided Genicular Nerve Radiofrequency Ablation
Authors: Chang Yi-Wei , Tzeng I-Shiang , Lee Kun-Chang , Kao Ming-Chang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective
To elucidate the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation in alleviating pain as well as its effects on functional outcomes, quality of life and physical performance in knee osteoarthritis patients.

Design
Prospective observational study.

Setting
Patients were recruited within one community hospital.

Subjects
Patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Methods
The subjects underwent ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation of genicular nerves after showing a positive response to a diagnostic block. Outcome assessments were performed at baseline and at 2 and 12 weeks posttreatments using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and a physical performance evaluation including balance tests, quadriceps muscle strength test, two-minute walking test and knee joint proprioception test.

Results
Thirteen out of 38 patients were eligible for genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation. There were significant improvements from baseline to posttreatment in the numeric rating scale score, physical health domain score of SF-36, and pain and stiffness domain scores of the WOMAC. Regarding physical performance, the step test result significantly improved over the 12 weeks of follow-up. On the other hand, no significant deteriorations in the single leg stance test, isokinetic quadriceps muscle strength test, knee joint proprioception test or two-minute walking test results were observed after radiofrequency ablation of genicular nerves.

Conclusions
Radiofrequency ablation of genicular nerves may significantly alleviate pain and improve functional outcomes in knee osteoarthritis patients. More importantly, static balance control and quadriceps muscle strength were preserved and there was a change of proprioception in the good direction.
Risk Factors Associated with Aggravation of Cervical Spine Lesions in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Inoue Tetsuhiko , Higashi Takayuki , Kobayashi Naomi , Ide Manabu , Harigane Kengo , Mochida Yuichi , Inaba Yutaka 
Published: September 2021

Study Design.
A retrospective cohort study.

Objective.
To examine factors related to severe aggravation of preexisting cervical lesions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) under current pharmacologic treatments with biologics.

Summary of Background Data.
Advanced RA cervical lesions carry a risk of irreversible damage to the spinal cord; however, risk factors for aggravation are unclear after the use of biologics became more popular.

Methods.
Of 166 patients with preexisting cervical lesions at baseline, 87 who had cervical X-ray images taken at baseline and at the final visit (with an interval of more than 1 yr) were evaluated retrospectively. Aggravated instabilities determined at the final visit, were defined as follows: atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS) = atlantodental interval ≧ 10 mm; vertebral subluxation (VS) = a Ranawat value < 10 mm; and subaxial subluxation (SAS) = an anterior vertebral slip ≧ 4 mm or a multilevel slip ≧ 2 mm. Patients were divided into two groups based on the radiographic results: severe aggravation and non-severe aggravation. Explanatory variables were gender, age of RA onset, duration of disease, average observation period, Disease Activity Score 28 based on C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) at baseline, drug treatment history, presence of mutilating deformities in the hands, presence of RA-related joint surgery, and the prevalence of each cervical lesion at baseline.

Results.
The severe group comprised 14 patients (16.1%). There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to demographic data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that preexisting SAS lesions (odds ratio: 7.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.16–49.6) and no history of biologic treatment (odds ratio, 0.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.17–0.58) were associated with aggravation.

Conclusion.
Preexisting SAS lesions were associated with aggravation. Meanwhile, biologics may be effective at preventing aggravation.

Level of Evidence: 3
Hip disarticulation and hemipelvectomy prostheses: A review of the literature
Authors: Gholizadeh Hossein , Baddour Natalie , Botros Michael , Brannen Kelly , Golshan Farshad , Lemaire Edward D. 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Although the global population of people with a hip disarticulation (HD) or hemipelvectomy (HP) amputation is small, the degree of disability is high, affecting function and independence. A comprehensive literature review is needed to examine the evidence for prostheses in these amputation levels.

Method:
A scoping literature review was conducted to examine related research documents from 1950 to September 2020, found using Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. Studies evaluated (retrospectively or prospectively) HD or HP prostheses and were written in English. Study design and protocol, research instrument, sample size, and outcome measures were reviewed.

Results:
In the past 70 years, 53 articles that evaluated HD or HP prostheses were published. Most research was conducted in the United States (24 articles) and Japan (nine articles). In 42 articles, authors prospectively evaluated the effects of prostheses in these amputation levels. On average, prospective studies had four (SD = 5) participants. Since 1950, only five prospective studies evaluated HD or HP prostheses with 10 or more participants. Moreover, sufficient information was often unavailable for research replication.

Conclusion:
More evidence is needed regarding the effects of HD or HP prosthetic components (i.e. hip, knee, ankle, socket type, and suspension system) on gait, patient satisfaction, prosthetic use, interface pressure, and energy expenditure. Articles mostly have small sample sizes that reduce confidence in the reliability of their findings and limit generalizability. Future investigations are needed with vigorous methodology and larger sample sizes to provide strong statistical conclusions.
Detection of Unilateral Axillary Nodal Uptake Both at 68Ga-DOTATOC and 18F-FDG PET/CT After 1 Week From COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Guglielmo Priscilla , Muccioli Simona , Berti Sara , Sartorello Alida , Pesella Fiammetta , Gregianin Michele 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Recently, vaccination against COVID-19 has gained wide diffusion, especially among vulnerable individuals, such as cancer patients. At the same time, patients have been undergoing PET/CT examinations after vaccination in an increasing number, and cases of false-positive axillary nodal uptake have been described, mostly at 18F-FDG PET. Here, we describe the case of both 68Ga-DOTATOC and 18F-FDG axillary nodal uptake in a young woman affected by a metastatic retroperitoneal paraganglioma.
Pupils returning to primary schools in England during 2020: rapid estimations of punctual COVID-19 infection rates
Authors: Aspinall W. P. , Sparks R. S. J. , Woodhouse M. J. , Cooke R. M. , Scarrow J. H. ,   the CoMMinS Project
Published: September 2021

Drawing on risk methods from volcano crises, we developed a rapid COVID-19 infection model for the partial return of pupils to primary schools in England in June and July 2020, and a full return in September 2020. The model handles uncertainties in key parameters, using a stochastic re-sampling technique, allowing us to evaluate infection levels as a function of COVID-19 prevalence and projected pupil and staff headcounts. Assuming average national adult prevalence, for the first scenario (as at 1 June 2020) we found that between 178 and 924 [90% CI] schools would have at least one infected individual, out of 16 769 primary schools in total. For the second return (July), our estimate ranged between 336 (2%) and 1873 (11%) infected schools. For a full return in September 2020, our projected range was 661 (4%) to 3310 (20%) infected schools, assuming the same prevalence as for 5 June. If national prevalence fell to one-quarter of that, the projected September range would decrease to between 381 (2%) and 900 (5%) schools but would increase to between 2131 (13%) and 9743 (58%) schools if prevalence increased to 4× June level. When regional variations in prevalence and school size distribution were included in the model, a slight decrease in the projected number of infected schools was indicated, but uncertainty on estimates increased markedly. The latter model variant indicated that 82% of infected schools would be in areas where prevalence exceeded the national average and the probability of multiple infected persons in a school would be higher in such areas.
Post hoc
, our model projections for 1 September 2020 were seen to have been realistic and reasonable (in terms of related uncertainties) when data on schools' infections were released by official agencies following the start of the 2020/2021 academic year.
Activation of the adhesion GPCR GPR133 (ADGRD1) by antibodies targeting the N-terminus
Authors: Stephan Gabriele , Frenster Joshua D. , Liebscher Ines , Placantonakis Dimitris G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe recently demonstrated that GPR133 (ADGRD1), an adhesion G protein-coupled receptor (aGPCR) whose canonical signaling raises cytosolic cAMP, is necessary for growth of glioblastoma (GBM) and is de novo expressed in GBM relative to normal brain tissue. We showed that dissociation of autoproteolytically generated N-terminal and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF) of GPR133 at the plasma membrane promotes receptor activation and increases signaling. Toward developing biologics modulating GPR133 function, we tested antibodies against the N-terminus of GPR133 for effects on receptor signaling. Treatment of HEK293T cells overexpressing GPR133 with such antibodies increased cAMP levels in a concentration-dependent manner. Analysis of supernatants following antibody treatment revealed complexes of the antibodies with the autoproteolytically cleaved NTF of GPR133. Cells expressing a cleavage-deficient mutant GPR133 (H543R) did not respond to antibody stimulation, suggesting that the effect is cleavage-dependent. The antibody-mediated stimulation of wild-type GPR133, but not the cleavage-deficient H543R mutant, was reproducible in patient-derived GBM cells. These findings provide a paradigm for modulation of GPR133 function with biologics and support the hypothesis that NTF-CTF dissociation promotes receptor activation and signaling.
How to manage irritable bowel syndrome in children
Authors: Levy Elvira Ingrid , De Geyter Charlotte , Ouald Chaib Abdelhalim , Aman Berthold Albert , Hegar Badriul , Vandenplas Yvan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimThis paper discusses the risk factors and management of paediatric irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with a focus on the role of the gastrointestinal microbiome.MethodsEnglish articles of interest published in PubMed and Google Scholar were searched using subject heading and keywords of interest.ResultsOnly few randomised controlled trials on the management of IBS in children have been published. The vast majority of these intervention trials target to change the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiome. Most studies are underpowered. Major heterogeneities in study designs such as differences in inclusion criteria, including patients with different pain‐related functional gastrointestinal disorders and differences in primary outcomes, make it impossible to formulate recommendations. Overall, few adverse events are reported what could indicate safety or point to suboptimal conduction of clinical trials and safety reporting. However, it can also not be excluded that some interventions such as the administration of selected probiotic products may result in benefit.ConclusionThere is insufficient evidence to recommend any therapeutic intervention in paediatric IBS, including manipulation of the gastrointestinal tract microbiome, despite the evidence that dysbiosis seems an associated pathophysiologic factor. More designed prospective trials are needed since IBS is not a rare condition during childhood.
Association between ezetimibe usage and hepatitis C RNA levels in uninfected kidney transplant recipients who received hepatitis C infected kidneys
Authors: Azhar Ambreen , Binari Laura A. , Joglekar Kiran , Tsujita Makoto , Talwar Manish , Balaraman Vasanthi , Bhalla Anshul , Eason James D. , Hall Isaac E. , Rofaiel George , Forbes Rachel C. , Shaffer David , Concepcion Beatrice P. , Molnar Miklos Z. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractKidney transplantation (KT) from hepatitis C virus infected (HCV+) donors to HCV negative recipients achieve excellent graft function but have relatively higher rates of post‐KT co‐infections presumably due to prolonged HCV viremia in transmission‐and‐treat approach. Ezetimibe acts as an antagonist of Niemann‐Pick C1‐Like 1 receptor required for HCV entry and theoretically can reduce HCV viremia. However, no data is available to examine the role of ezetimibe as a bridge therapy between KT surgery and direct acting antiviral (DAA) initiation. A retrospective cohort study including 70 HCV+ to HCV negative KT recipients from Methodist University Hospital and Vanderbilt University Medical Center was performed to determine the association between ezetimibe usage and HCV viremia. Twenty patients received ezetimibe daily while 50 patients did not. Primary outcome of study was mean HCV RNA level at 1–2 weeks post‐KT and before initiation of DAA. Median (IQR) viral load (VL) in log copies/ml was one log lower in ezetimibe group versus non‐ezetimibe group (4.1 [3.7–5.3] vs. 5.1 [4.4–5.5], P = .01), and highest VL was also lower in ezetimibe group (4.2 [3.7–5.4] vs. 5.4 [4.7–5.9], P = .006). We concluded that ezetimibe bridge therapy might be associated with reduction in HCV VL while waiting for DAA initiation in HCV+ to HCV negative KT recipients.
A phase I study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles of ocular GLH8NDE in healthy male adults
Authors: Jung Jihyun , Huh Ki Young , Jin Xuanyou , Ha Ahnul , Park Ki Ho , Park Jun Sang , Kim Eunjung , Lee Jaehwi , Jang In‐Jin , Lee Howard 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGLH8NDE, a derivative of eupatilin, is currently under development to treat dry eye disease. We conducted a randomized, double‐masked, placebo‐controlled, single‐ and multiple‐day study to evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of ocular GLH8NDE in healthy male adults. Subjects randomly received topical ocular dosing of GLH8NDE or its matching placebo for a day, then for 7 consecutive days with a 62‐h washout at one of the following daily doses: 9, 18, 36 (Koreans), and 36 mg (Whites). The study drug was administered in divided doses over 10 h with 2‐ or 5‐h intervals. Thirty‐nine (97.5%) out of 40 subjects completed the study. A total of 17 subjects experienced 31 treatment‐emergent adverse events, all of which were mild in severity and recovered without sequelae. Neither pathological changes in eye compartments nor clinically significant systemic effects were observed. GLH8NDE was rapidly absorbed reaching the peak concentration within 0.25–0.75 h postdose. The systemic exposure as measured by area under the concentration‐time curve from time of administration up to the time of the last quantifiable concentration (AUClast) after single‐day administration of the same dose was 109% higher in Koreans than in Whites. In conclusion, GLH8NDE was safe and well‐tolerated in healthy Korean and White male adults at 9–36 mg/day after single‐ and multiple‐day administrations.
Morphological changes and reproductive costs in brooders of two mouthbrooding freshwater fishes
Authors: Abecia Janine E. , Luiz Osmar J. , Crook David A. , Banks Sam C. , Wedd Dion J. , King Alison J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractParental care purportedly promotes individual reproductive success and improves offspring survival, but is thought to come at a cost to the adult carer. Reproductive costs can be physiological such as the resources parents spend on caring but also the morphological changes that are necessary to accomplish parental care activities. This study considers morphological and body condition changes in brooders of two paternal mouthbrooder fishes – which incubate eggs and guard young inside the buccal cavity – mouth almighty (Glossamia aprion) and blue catfish (Neoarius graeffei), from rivers of northern Australia. Potential costs associated with mouthbrooding were examined by quantifying body condition, feeding deterrence and changes in gut length and gill form across individuals from varying sex‐breeding state category (brooder males, nonbrooder males and females). Brooders of both species exhibited significantly lower values in some condition indices, and did not feed, suggesting that body reserves were being used and not renewed during mouthbrooding. Brooders of both species had shorter gut lengths than nonbrooders, potentially to reduce tissue maintenance costs during a time of restricted food intake and requirements. Both species also exhibited changes in gill form and structure compared to nonbrooders; indicating structural adaptive plasticity to mouthbrooding by allowing more space for egg brooding in the buccal cavity. For G. aprion and N. graeffei, caring for progeny seemingly required similar trade‐offs including nonphysiological activities (e.g. feeding) and responses, such as changes in condition, respiratory and digestive morphology, that potentially allowed brooders to compensate for parental care energy expenditure.