bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concept and system of criminal and legal consequences of crime commission
Authors: Pudovochkin Yuriy 
Published: April 2021

A significant problem of modern criminal law science is the definition of its fundamental categories to which the “criminal and legal consequences” category belongs. The theme of criminal and legal consequences of committing a crime is still weakly developed. Nevertheless, the content of almost all theoretical constructions associated with criminal and legal measures, criminal punishment and criminal liability depends on its solution. The author suggests his idea of the system of criminal and legal consequences based on the system interpretation of law and formal and logical analysis of criminal law norms. The system comprises: a) consequences of commission of a crime such as discharges and implementation of criminal liability; consequences of commission of other criminal and related acts and appearing of criminal and relevant events that influence correction of the legal status of the individual having committed a crime.
The starting point in the development of the system appeared to be understanding of the terms «crime» and «consequence» in the context of criminal and legal relations theory and legal factors of criminal law. It is also noted that the system of criminal and legal consequences of crime commission can be viewed as a part of the consequence crime commission system which includes both actually legal and extra-legal consequences.
An empirical study of the characteristics of social space in the perceptions of criminals
Authors: Zlokazov Kirill , Rozhkov Anton 
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the specificity of criminals’ perceptions of social space. It is shown that social space is considered derivative of multiple interactions of a person with the social environment. The elements of social space are people and groups, with which the personality interacts. An individual’s idea of social space is formed by summarizing the characteristics of interaction. The study examines three types of characteristics of the representation of social space: (1) representation of the co-participation of other people (i.e. properties of social space), (2) self-assessment of interaction with other people, (3) representation of the ability to manage the interaction with the surrounding people. A hypothesis is formulated about the differences in criminals’ perceptions of these characteristics. The hypothesis is tested empirically.
The research is conducted by measuring the perceptions of criminals and law-abiding citizens about social space. The method of data collection is self-reporting. Comparison of the perceptions is performed by Kruskal – Wallis one-way analysis of variance
The research sample consists of two groups: a) criminals, 210 people convicted of committing violent crimes; b) law-abiding citizens, 210 people who did not commit a crime. The obtained results confirm the hypothesis about the specificity of criminals’ ideas about the characteristics of social space. It was found that social space is viewed by criminals as insensitive and difficult, reducing their self-esteem (devaluing), as well as uncontrollable and unmanageable. The results are confirmed in alternative studies of violent offenders. The conclusion is made about the prospects of research on the perceptions of social space as a resource for the prevention of criminal acts.
PERFIL DOS PESQUISADORES DO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO MARANHÃO CAMPUS ITAPECURU – MIRIM
Authors: Freitas Anderson Gomes , Amorim Liliane Barbosa 
Published: April 2021

O mapeamento das competências e necessidades, na avaliação da produção científica e tecnológica dos pesquisadores, permite a análise e criação de um perfil institucional intervindo diretamente em políticas públicas de desenvolvimento institucional. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo traçar e caracterizar o perfil dos pesquisadores do IFMA Campus Itapecuru-Mirim quanto à formação, produção científica, inovação tecnológica e bibliográfica, bem como perceber a evolução e as dificuldades da pesquisa dentro da instituição. Utilizou-se a plataforma Lattes como fonte de dados dos currículos dos 35 pesquisadores do Campus, além de ferramentas como Google Forms para obtenção de variáveis não disponíveis no Lattes, Microsoft Excel e Word para análise e tabulação de dados. As análises foram realizadas com os dados obtidos entre 2012 e 2020. Todos os dados foram inseridos em uma planilha on-line disponibilizada pela equipe da Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa, Pós-Graduação e Inovação do IFMA (PRPGI) para fins institucionais. Os resultados mostraram que foram publicados 34 artigos, a maioria em periódicos nacionais e 82 projetos foram orientados pelos pesquisadores. Foram publicados 8 livros, 11 capítulos de livros, 50 trabalhos completos foram apresentados, 35 resumos simples e 24 resumos expandidos. O ponto chave da discussão mostrou a predominância de pesquisadores mestres, a dificuldade de submissão de artigos em periódicos internacionais, formação de grupos de pesquisa e parcerias com outras instituições de inovação. Desta forma, percebe-se a importância que o trabalho teve na instituição ao atuar como fonte de desenvolvimento institucional e revelar a realidade dos pesquisados no âmbito da pesquisa.
Efektifitas kombinasi latihan pernafasan dalam dan terapi spiritual terhadap perubahan parameter kardiovaskuler pada pasien hipertensi
Authors: Muslim Agus , Arofiati Fitri 
Published: April 2021

Latar belakang : Tekanan darah tinggi merupakan penyakit yang dapat menyerang siapa saja. Jika tidak ditangani secara baik dan benar akan mengakibatkan komplikasi. Salah satu tindakan terapi komplementer untuk tekanan darah tinggi adalah dengan terapi nafas dalam dan terapi spiritualitas. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan terapi nafas dalam dan terapi spiritualitas terhadap tekanan darah sistole dan diastole serta denyut nadi pada pasien hipertensi.
Metode : Desain menggunakan quasy experiment pre dan post test with control group design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Darungan Kecamatan Pare Kabupaten Kediri, dengan sampel 36 responden. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik purposive sampling. dan uji homogenitas dan normalitas (levene test dan kolomogorov smirnov) serta analisa bivariate menggunakan paired sample t test dan independent sample t test untuk uji beda mean dua kelompok.
Hasil : Terdapat penurunan nilai rerata mean tekanan darah systole, diastole, dan denyut nadi secara signifikan pada kelompok pemberian terapi nafas dalam dan spiritual dengan p Value < 0.05, kecuali pada kelompok kontrol; bahwa perubahan systole dan dan denyut nadi tidak ada perubahan secara signifikan, sedangkan mean diastole terjadi perubahan secara signifikan. Hasil uji indpendent t-test didapatkan data bahwa perubahan penurunan mean systole, diastole dan denyut nadi antara kelompok intervensi dengan kelompok kontrol secara signifikan berbeda.
Kesimpulan : Latihan terapi nafas dalam dan terapi spiritualitas berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap tekanan darah sistole dan diastole serta denyut nadi pada pasien hipertensi.
Pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap kemampuan perawatan kaki diabetik pada neuropati diabetik
Authors: Rivani Dyah , Rosa Elsye Maria 
Published: April 2021

Masalah kaki diabetik merupakan salah satu komplikasi yang bersifat kronis dan menyebabkan cacat fisik dan penurunan kualitas hidup juga menjadi beban ekonomi untuk biaya perawatan karena pengobtan ulkus butuh waktu yang lama. Pendidikan kesehatan tentang perawatan kaki diabetik efektif dalam mencapai pengurangan klinis yang relevan terhadap kejadian ulkus kaki diabetik. Penderita mampu mengenali tanda-tanda dini kondisi kaki yang dapat berkembang menjadi ulkus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap kemampuan kemampuan perawatan kaki diabetik pada pasien neuropati diabetik.
Jenis peneliatian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen, desain penelitian adalah pretest postest tanpa kelompok kontrol. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 responden. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 yang mengalami neuropati melalui kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Tehnik pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling, sebelum analisa statistik dilakukan uji normalitas data dengan Kolmogorov-Smirnov dan selanjutnya dilakukan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rangks Test.
Hasil menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang bermakna terhadap kemampuan perawatan kaki diabetik sebelum dan setelah pemberian pendidikan kesehatan dengan nilai p = 0.00 ( < 0.05) artinya H1 diterima.
Kesimpulannya adalah terdapat perbedaan kemampuan perawatan kaki diabetik sebelum dan setelah perlakuan.
Warszawskie teatry Stanisławy Wysockiej
Authors: Michalczyk Barbara 
Published: April 2021

Artykuł prezentuje wybrane aspekty działalności reżyserskiej i pedagogicznej Stanisławy Wysockiej w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym. Autorka szuka powiązań między teorią a praktyką Wysockiej, zestawiając postulaty z jej tekstów publicystycznych o „teatrze przyszłości” z przedsięwzięciami pedagogicznymi i teatralnymi podjętymi w latach 1920–1926. Zarówno inicjatywy edukacyjne, jak i próby stworzenia własnych scen w Warszawie (Teatr w Pomarańczarni i Teatr Rybałt) zostały ujęte jako kontynuacja idei kijowskiego Teatru Studya. W wizerunku Wysockiej jako pedagożki, reżyserki i dyrektorki zaakcentowano te cechy jej myślenia o teatrze, które mają reformatorski charakter: nowoczesne i holistyczne podejście do procesu kształcenia artystów, świadomość współzależności artystycznych i organizacyjno-technicznych aspektów działalności teatralnej, otwarcie na potrzeby nowej, demokratyzującej się widowni.
Analisis Penggunaan Metode Eksperimen Pada Pembelajaran Sains Bagi Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Hikam Fajar Farham , Nursari Erwin 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan atau menggambarkan secara objektif bagaimana penggunaan metode eksperimen pada pembelajaran sains bagi anak usia dini di RA Nurul Hidayah Desa Harumandala Kecamatan Cigugur Kabupaten Pangandaran. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan yang bersifat deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan antara lain teknik observasi, wawancara, dan teknik dokumentasi. Sedangkan untuk menganalisis data yang diperoleh, penulis lakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan seluruh data, mereduksi data, menyajikan data dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan metode eksperimen pada pembelajaran sains di RA Nurul Hidayah Desa Harumandala Kecamatan Cigugur Kabupaten Pangandaran dapat meningkatkan kemampuan anak dalam memahami konsep sains sederhana dan meningkatkan motivasi anak terhadap pembelajaran sains di RA Nurul Hidayah Harumandala dan hasilnya sebagian besar anak dalam kategori berkembang sangat baik.
Outbursting Young Stellar Object PGIR 20dci in the Perseus Arm
Authors: Hillenbrand Lynne A. , De Kishalay , Hankins Matthew , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Rebull Luisa M. , Lau Ryan M. , Cutri Roc M. , Ashley Michael C. B. , Karambelkar Viraj R. , Moore Anna M. , Travouillon T. , Mainzer A. K. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We report the discovery of a likely outbursting Class I young stellar object, associated with the star-forming region NGC 281-W (distance ∼2.8 kpc). The source is currently seen only at infrared wavelengths, appearing in both the Palomar Gattini InfraRed (1.2 μm) and the Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (3.4 and 4.6 μm) photometric time-domain surveys. Recent near-infrared imaging reveals a new, extended scattered light nebula. Recent near-infrared spectroscopy confirms the similarity of PGIR 20dci to FU Ori–type sources, based on strong molecular absorption in CO, H2O, and OH; weak absorption in several atomic lines; and a warm wind/outflow as indicated by a P Cygni profile in the He i
λ10830 line. This is a rare case of an FU Ori star with a well-measured long-term photometric rise before a sharper outburst, and the second instance of an FU Ori star with a documented two-step brightening in the mid-infrared.
Photometric and Spectroscopic Analysis of Four Contact Binaries
Authors: Panchal A. , Joshi Y. C. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present the photometric and spectroscopic analysis of four W UMa binaries J015829.5+260333 (hereinafter as J0158), J030505.1+293443 (hereinafter as J0305), J102211.7+310022 (hereinafter as J1022), and KW Psc. The VR

c

I

c
band photometric observations are carried out with the 1.3 m Devasthal Fast Optical Telescope (DFOT). For low-resolution spectroscopy, we used the 2 m Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT) as well as the archival data from the 4 m LAMOST survey. The systems J0158 and J0305 show a period increase rate of 5.26( ± 1.72) × 10−7 days yr−1 and 1.78( ± 1.52) × 10−6 days yr−1, respectively. The period of J1022 is found to be decreasing with a rate of 4.22 ( ± 1.67) × 10−6 days yr−1. The period analysis of KW Psc displays no change in its period. The PHOEBE package is used for the light-curve modeling and basic parameters are evaluated with the help of the GAIA parallax. The asymmetry of light curves is explained with the assumption of cool spots at specific positions on one of the components of the system. On the basis of temperatures, mass ratios, fill-out factors, and periods, the system J1022 is identified as a W-subtype system while the others show some mixed properties. To probe the chromospheric activities in these W UMa binaries, their spectra are compared with the known inactive stars’ spectra. The comparison shows emission in H

α
, H

β
, and Ca II. To understand the evolutionary status of these systems, the components are plotted in mass–radius and mass–luminosity planes with other well characterized binary systems. The secondary components of all the systems are away from ZAMS, which indicates that the secondary is more evolved than the primary component.
Inspecting the Cepheid Distance Ladder: the Hubble Space Telescope Distance to the SN Ia Host Galaxy NGC 5584
Authors: Javanmardi Behnam , Mérand Antoine , Kervella Pierre , Breuval Louise , Gallenne Alexandre , Nardetto Nicolas , Gieren Wolfgang , Pietrzyński Grzegorz , Hocdé Vincent , Borgniet Simon 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The current tension between the direct and the early-universe measurements of the Hubble constant, H
0, requires detailed scrutiny of all the data and methods used in the studies on both sides of the debate. The Cepheids in the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) host galaxy NGC 5584 played a key role in the local measurement of H
0. The SH0ES project used the observations of this galaxy to derive a relation between the Cepheids’ periods and ratios of their amplitudes in different optical bands of the Hubble Space Telescope and used these relations to analyze the light curves of the Cepheids in around half of the current sample of local SN Ia host galaxies. In this work, we present an independent detailed analysis of the Cepheids in NGC 5584. We employ different tools for our photometric analysis and a completely different method for our light-curve analysis, and we do not find a systematic difference between our period and mean magnitude measurements compared to those reported by SH0ES. By adopting a period–luminosity relation calibrated by the Cepheids in the Milky Way, we measure a distance modulus μ = 31.810 ± 0.047 (mag), which is in agreement with μ = 31.786 ± 0.046 (mag) measured by SH0ES. In addition, the relations we find between the periods and amplitude ratios of the Cepheids in NGC 5584 are significantly tighter than those of SH0ES, and their potential impact on the direct H
0 measurement will be investigated in future studies.
Applying lessons learnt from Ebola for effective COVID-19 response in Africa
Authors: Aiyenuro A.E. , Onyeani C.O. , Uche N.C. 
Published: April 2021

The Ebola virus is transmitted to people from wild animals and spreads in the human population through human-to-human transmission via direct contact with blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected people, and with surfaces and materials contaminated with these fluids. In December 2019, a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China, attracting the notice of regional authorities and rapidly drawing global attention. In less than 4 months, COVID-19 spread through almost all countries and regions. The COVID-19 pandemic is wreaking havoc on the world economy, in addition to creating the current global public health crisis. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 28,616 cases of Ebola were detected, and 11,310 people died during the outbreak in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. As of 17th December 2020, COVID-19 has killed 1,658,062 people, and positive cases have topped 74 million globally. Africa has suffered several outbreaks of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD); learning from the past is a good way to prepare for the future. We hope to highlight some of the lessons learnt from Africa’s response to previous epidemics that can help in the fight against the ravaging coronavirus pandemic.
Keywords: Ebola, COVID-19, WHO, transmission, global

French Title: Appliquer les leçons tirées d'Ebola pour une réponse efficace au COVID-19 en Afrique
Le virus Ebola est transmis aux humains par des animaux sauvages et se propage dans la population humaine par transmission interhumaine par contact direct avec du sang, des sécrétions, des organes ou d'autres fluides corporels de personnes infectées, et avec des surfaces et des matériaux contaminés par ces fluides. En décembre 2019, une nouvelle maladie à coronavirus (COVID-19) causée par le syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère-coronavirus-2 (SRAS-COV-2) est apparue à Wuhan, en Chine, attirant l'attention des autoritésrégionales et attirant rapidement l'attention mondiale. En moins de 4 mois, le COVID-19 s'est propagé dans presque tous les pays et régions. La pandémie de COVID-19 fait des ravages sur l'économie mondiale, en plus de créer la crise mondiale actuelle de santé publique. Selon l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), 28616 cas d'Ebola ont été détectés et 11310 personnes sont décédées au cours de l'épidémie en Guinée, au Libéria et en Sierra Leone. Au 17 décembre 2020, le COVID-19 avait tué 1658062 personnes et les cas positifs dépassaient 74 million dans le monde. L'Afrique a souffert de plusieurs flambées de maladie à virus Ebola (MVE); apprendre du passé est un bon moyen de préparer l'avenir. Nous espérons mettre en évidence certaines des leçons tirées de la réponse de l’Afrique aux épidémies précédentes qui peuvent aider à lutter contre la pandémie ravageuse de coronavirus.
Mots clés: Ebola, COVID-19, OMS, transmission, mondial
Intestinal schistosomiasis in an apparently healthy rural population in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Odoya E.M. , Edosomwa E.U. , Iribhogbe O.I. , Damina A.A. , Asojo O.A. 
Published: April 2021

Background: Schistosomiasis is endemic in Nigeria and three species; Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma mansoni, and Schistosoma intercalatum have been reported in Niger Delta, Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis in rural communities of Bayelsa State, Nigeria.Methodology: Four rural homogeneous communities; Otuegala, Immiringi, Otuesega, and Ibelebiri in Ogbia Local Government Area of Bayelsa State, Nigeria, were randomly selected for the study. A structured questionnaire was administered to each participant in their native language and used to collect participant’s biodata and swimming history. Stool samples collected from all participants were examined qualitatively by wet preparation and after formolethol concentration. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software and results presented in proportion and tables.Results: A total of 829 participants (age range 1 - 80 years) were recruited for the study. Helminth ova were identified in the stool samples of 218 (26.3%) participants. Among 380 males examined, 82 (21.6%) were infected, while out of 449 females examined, 138 (30.3%) were infected. The ova of seven helminths identified and their frequency of occurrence were; S. intercalatum 86 (10.4%), Ascaris lumbricoides 53 (6.4%), S. mansoni 35 (4.2%), Trichuris trichiura 22 (2.6%), hookworm 20 (2.4%) and Taenia spp 2 (0.2%). Schistosoma haematobium was identified in non-urine contaminated stool sample of an eight-year old boy. A total of 11 (1.3%) participants had double infections, affecting 7 (63.6%) females and 4 (36.4%) males, with the commonest combination being S. intercalatum and A.lumbricoides 6 (0.7%), followed by S. intercalatum and hookworm 4 (0.5%), and S. mansoni and hookworm 1(0.1%).Conclusion: S. intercalatum was the most prevalent intestinal helminthic infection in this study, which is a rare finding in most epidemiological investigations. The affinity of Schistosoma species to establish double infections with hookworm and other intestinal helminths should be taken into account during chemoprophylaxis.
Keywords: Schistosomiasis, Chemoprophylaxis, Prevalence, Rural Population
Correlation between faecal indicator bacteria in diarrheagenic stools and hospital wastewaters: Implication on public health
Authors: Olalemi A. , Oladejo B. , Bayode M. 
Published: April 2021

Background: Hospital wastewaters contain blends of inorganic, natural constituents and contaminants that carry significant health risk when released directly into the environment. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between faecal indicator bacteria in diarrheagenic stools and wastewaters generated in University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital complex, Akure, Nigeria.Methodology: Quantification of faecal indicator bacteria was carried out on diarrheagenic faecal samples collected from 55 hospitalized patients and 68 wastewater samples from the medical laboratory science and laundry units of the hospital over of period of 12 weeks. Standard membrane filtration technique was performed using membrane intestinal enterococcus (m-ENT), membrane faecal coliform (m-FC), membrane lauryl sulphate (MLSA), eosin methylene blue (EMB) and Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar plates, which were incubated at 37ºC for 24 hours (MLSA, EMB and SSA), 44ºC for 24 hours (m-FC); and 37ºC for 48 hours (m-ENT). Bacterial colonies on agar plates were counted and expressed as colony forming units (CFU) per 100ml of diarrheagenic stool and wastewater. Pearson’scorrelation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the level of faecal indicator bacteria in diarrheagenic stools and wastewaters at p<0.05 level of significance (and 95% confidence interval).Results: The faecal coliform counts (log 10 CFU/100ml) ranged from 1.18 to 1.54 in diarrheagenic stools, 1.32 to1.64 in laboratory wastewater and 1.08 to 2.19 in laundry wastewater. Escherichia coli count (log 10 CFU/100ml) ranged from 1.08 to 1.40 in diarrheagenic stools, 1.20 to 1.86 in laboratory wastewater and 0.30 to 1.81 in laundry wastewater. Intestinal enterococci count (log 10 CFU/100ml) ranged from 0 to 0.30 in diarrheagenic stools, 0.78 to 0.90 in laboratory wastewaters and 0.48 to 1.11 in laundry wastewaters. Pearson’s correlation co-efficient showed that all the faecal indicator bacteria count in diarrheagenic faecal samples exhibited positive correlation with those in laboratory wastewaters, but not with those from laundry wastewaters.Conclusion: The findings suggest that diarrheagenic stools should be properly disinfected after the performance of laboratory tests to prevent transmission of potential pathogens, and wastewater generated from hospitals should be treated prior to discharge into the environment, to prevent possible infections in the community.
Keywords: Correlation, faecal indicator bacteria, public health, transmission, wastewater