bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Maximum Accreted Mass of Recycled Pulsars
Authors: Li Zhenwei , Chen Xuefei , Chen Hai-Liang , Han Zhanwen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The maximum mass of neutron stars (NSs) is of great importance for constraining equations of state of NSs and understanding the mass gap between NSs and stellar-mass black holes. NSs in X-ray binaries increase in mass by accreting material from their companions (known as the recycling process), and the uncertainties in the accretion process make studying the NS mass at birth a challenge. In this work, we investigate the NS accreted mass while considering the effect of NS spin evolution and provide the maximum accreted mass for NSs in the recycling process. By exploring a series of binary evolution calculations, we obtain the final NS mass and the maximum accreted mass for a given birth mass of an NS and a mass transfer efficiency. Our results show that NSs can accrete relatively more material for binary systems with donor masses in the range of 1.8 ∼ 2.4 M
⊙, NSs accrete relatively more mass when the remnant WD mass is in the range of ∼ 0.25–0.30 M
⊙, and the maximum accreted mass is positively correlated with the initial NS mass. For a 1.4 M
⊙ NS at birth with a moderate mass transfer efficiency of 0.3, the maximum accreted mass could be 0.27 M
⊙. The results can be used to estimate the minimum birth mass for systems with massive NSs in observations.
An Unbiased CO Survey toward the Northern Region of the Small Magellanic Cloud with the Atacama Compact Array. I. Overview: CO Cloud Distributions
Authors: Tokuda Kazuki , Kondo Hiroshi , Ohno Takahiro , Konishi Ayu , Sano Hidetoshi , Tsuge Kisetsu , Zahorecz Sarolta , Goto Nao , Neelamkodan Naslim , Wong Tony , Sewiło Marta , Fukushima Hajime , Takekoshi Tatsuya , Muraoka Kazuyuki , Kawamura Akiko , Tachihara Kengo , Fukui Yasuo , Onishi Toshikazu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We have analyzed the data from a large-scale CO survey toward the northern region of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) obtained with the Atacama Compact Array (ACA) stand-alone mode of ALMA. The primary aim of this study is to comprehensively understand the behavior of CO as an H2 tracer in a low-metallicity environment (Z ∼ 0.2 Z
⊙). The total number of mosaic fields is ∼8000, which results in a field coverage of 0.26 deg2 (∼2.9 ×105 pc2), corresponding to ∼10% of the area of the galaxy. The sensitive ∼2 pc resolution observations reveal the detailed structure of the molecular clouds previously detected in the single-dish NANTEN survey. We have detected a number of compact CO clouds within lower H2 column density (∼1020 cm−2) regions whose angular scale is similar to the ACA beam size. Most of the clouds in this survey also show peak brightness temperature as low as <1 K, which for optically thick CO emission implies an emission size much smaller than the beam size, leading to beam dilution. The comparison between an available estimation of the total molecular material traced by thermal dust emission and the present CO survey demonstrates that more than ∼90% of H2 gas cannot be traced by the low-J CO emission. Our processed data cubes and 2D images are publicly available.
Mass-ratio and Magnetic Flux Dependence of Modulated Accretion from Circumbinary Disks
Authors: Noble Scott C. , Krolik Julian H. , Campanelli Manuela , Zlochower Yosef , Mundim Bruno C. , Nakano Hiroyuki , Zilhão Miguel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Accreting supermassive binary black holes (SMBBHs) are potential multimessenger sources because they emit both gravitational-wave and electromagnetic (EM) radiation. Past work has shown that their EM output may be periodically modulated by an asymmetric density distribution in the circumbinary disk, often called an “overdensity” or “lump;” this modulation could possibly be used to identify a source as a binary. We explore the sensitivity of the overdensity to SMBBH mass ratio and magnetic flux through the accretion disk. We find that the relative amplitude of the overdensity and its associated EM periodic signal both degrade with diminishing mass ratio, vanishing altogether somewhere between 1:2 and 1:5. Greater magnetization also weakens the lump and any modulation of the light output. We develop a model to describe how lump formation results from internal stress degrading faster in the lump region than it can be rejuvenated through accretion inflow, and predicts a threshold value in specific internal stress below which lump formation should occur and which all our lump-forming simulations satisfy. Thus, detection of such a modulation would provide a constraint on both mass ratio and magnetic flux piercing the accretion flow.
Are Stripped Envelope Supernovae Really Deficient in 56Ni?
Authors: Ouchi Ryoma , Maeda Keiichi , Anderson Joseph P. , Sawada Ryo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Recent works have indicated that the 56Ni masses estimated for stripped envelope supernovae (SESNe) are systematically higher than those estimated for SNe II. Although this may suggest a distinct progenitor structure between these types of SNe, the possibility remains that this may be caused by observational bias. One important possible bias is that SESNe with low 56Ni mass are dim, and therefore more likely to escape detection. By investigating the distributions of 56Ni mass and distance of the samples collected from the literature, we find that the current literature SESN sample indeed suffers from a significant observational bias, i.e., objects with low 56Ni mass—if they exist—will be missed, especially at larger distances. Note, however, that those distant objects in our sample are mostly SNe Ic-BL. We also conducted mock observations assuming that the 56Ni mass distribution for SESNe is intrinsically the same as that of SNe II. We find that the 56Ni mass distribution of the detected SESN samples moves toward higher mass than the assumed intrinsic distribution because of the difficulty in detecting the low-56Ni mass SESNe. These results could explain the general trend of the higher 56Ni mass distribution (than SNe II) of SESNe found thus far in the literature. However, further finding clear examples of low-56Ni mass SESNe (≤ 0.01 M
⊙) is required to strengthen this hypothesis. Also, objects with high 56Ni mass (≳ 0.2 M
⊙) are not explained by our model, which may require an additional explanation.
Constraining Progenitors of Observed Low-mass X-ray Binaries Using Convection and Rotation-Boosted Magnetic Braking
Authors: Van Kenny X. , Ivanova Natalia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We present a new method for constraining the mass transfer evolution of low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs)—a reverse population synthesis technique. This is done using the detailed 1D stellar evolution code MESA (Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics) to evolve a high-resolution grid of binary systems spanning a comprehensive range of initial donor masses and orbital periods. We use the recently developed convection and rotation-boosted (CARB) magnetic braking scheme. The CARB magnetic braking scheme is the only magnetic braking prescription capable of reproducing an entire sample of well-studied persistent LMXBs—those with mass ratios, periods, and mass transfer rates that have been observationally determined. Using the reverse population synthesis technique, where we follow any simulated system that successfully reproduces an observed LMXB backward, we have constrained possible progenitors for each observed well-studied persistent LMXB. We also determined that the minimum number of LMXB formations in the Milky Way is 1500 per Gyr if we exclude Cyg X-2. For Cyg X-2, the most likely formation rate is 9000 LMXB Gyr−1. The technique we describe can be applied to any observed LMXB with well-constrained mass ratio, period, and mass transfer rate. With the upcoming GAIA DR3 containing information on binary systems, this technique can be applied to the data release to search for progenitors of observed persistent LMXBs.
Dissecting the Local Environment of FRB 190608 in the Spiral Arm of its Host Galaxy
Authors: Chittidi Jay S. , Simha Sunil , Mannings Alexandra , Prochaska J. Xavier , Ryder Stuart D. , Rafelski Marc , Neeleman Marcel , Macquart Jean-Pierre , Tejos Nicolas , Jorgenson Regina A. , Day Cherie K. , Marnoch Lachlan , Bhandari Shivani , Deller Adam T. , Qiu Hao , Bannister Keith W. , Shannon Ryan M. , Heintz Kasper E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We present a high-resolution analysis of the host galaxy of fast radio burst (FRB) 190608, an SB(r)c galaxy at z = 0.11778 (hereafter HG 190608), to dissect its local environment and its contributions to the FRB properties. Our Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 ultraviolet and visible light image reveals that the subarcsecond localization of FRB 190608 is coincident with a knot of star formation (ΣSFR = 1.5 × 10−2
M
⊙ yr−1 kpc−2) in the northwest spiral arm of HG 190608. Using Hβ emission present in our Keck Cosmic Web Imager integral field spectrum of the galaxy with a surface brightness of

μ

H
β

=
(
3.36
±
0.21
)
×

10

−
17

erg

s

−
1

cm

−
2

arcsec

−
2

, we infer an extinction-corrected Hα surface brightness and compute a dispersion measure (DM) from the interstellar medium of HG 190608 of DMHost,ISM = 94 ± 38 pc cm−3. The galaxy rotates with a circular velocity v
circ = 141 ± 8 km s−1 at an inclination i
gas = 37° ± 3°, giving a dynamical mass

M

halo

dyn

≈

10

11.96
±
0.08

M

⊙

. This implies a halo contribution to the DM of DMHost,Halo = 55 ± 25 pc cm−3 subject to assumptions on the density profile and fraction of baryons retained. From the galaxy rotation curve, we infer a bar-induced pattern speed of Ω
p
= 34 ± 6 km s−1 kpc−1 using linear resonance theory. We then calculate the maximum time since star formation for a progenitor using the furthest distance to the arm’s leading edge within the localization, and find

t

enc

=

21

−
6

+
25

Myr. Unlike previous high-resolution studies of FRB environments, we find no evidence of disturbed morphology, emission, or kinematics for FRB 190608.
Precise Measurements of CH Maser Emission and Its Abundance in Translucent Clouds
Authors: Tang Ningyu , Li Di , Luo Gan , Heiles Carl , Qin Sheng-Li , Wang Junzhi , Xia Jifeng , Chen Long-Fei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We present high-sensitivity CH 9 cm ON/OFF observations toward 18 extragalactic continuum sources that have been detected with OH 18 cm absorption in the Millennium survey with the Arecibo telescope. CH emission was detected toward 6 of the 18 sources. The excitation temperature of CH has been derived directly through analyzing all detected ON and OFF velocity components. The excitation temperature of CH 3335 MHz transition ranges from −54.5 to −0.4 K and roughly follows a log-normal distribution peaking within [−5, 0] K, which implies overestimation by 20% to more than 10 times during calculating CH column density by assuming the conventional value of −60 or −10 K. Furthermore, the column density of CH would be underestimated by a factor of 1.32 ± 0.03 when adopting local thermal equilibrium assumption instead of using the CH three hyperfine transitions. We found a correlation between the column density of CH and OH following log N(CH) = (1.80 ± 0.49) log N(OH) −11.59 ± 6.87. The linear correlation between the column density of CH and H2 is consistent with that derived from visible wavelengths studies, confirming that CH is one of the best tracers of H2 components in diffuse molecular gas.
In vitro Antifungal Activity of Extracts of Moringa oleifera on Phytopathogenic Fungi Affecting Carica papaya
Authors: Oniha Margaret , Eni Angela , Akinnola Olayemi , Omonigbehin Emmanuel Adedayo , Ahuekwe Eze Frank , Olorunshola John Folashade 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Plants remain the natural sources of efficacious phytonutrients with beneficial assets to mankind against microbial disorders. Diverse folklores have reported the roles of medicinal plants in the remedies of various disorders in man and animals. Metabolites and pesticides from the plant origin are considered better alternatives due to favorable environmental impact as compared to the synthetic counterparts. Significant economic losses and hindrance of global papaya production are due to fungal diseases. Phytochemicals have made medicinal plants become sources of environmentally friendly alternative antimicrobials.

AIM: This study aimed at assessing the antifungal activity of leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera against phytopathogenic fungi isolated from Carica papaya.

METHODS: n-Hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, and aqueous extracts of M. oleifera leaves were evaluated for their antifungal properties. Agar well-diffusion method was implemented for in vitro screening, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the extract types against fungal species of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus, and Trichoderma.

RESULTS: All the extracts evaluated inhibited fungal growth to some degree, with the aqueous extract exhibiting more inhibitory activities than the organic extracts. There was significant inhibition of fungal development by the tested plant extracts at different concentrations. MIC of the extracts was 15.625 mg/ml while the MFC values ranged between 15.625 and 31.25. In this work, the antifungal activity of M. oleifera was found to be equal or higher than commercially available fungicide, ketoconazole.

CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that foliole extracts of M. oleifera have potential for use as biofungicides for plant protection against fungal diseases.
Association of Lipids’ Metabolism with Vitamin D Receptor (rs10735810, rs222857) and Angiotensinogen (rs699) Genes Polymorphism in Essential Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Repchuk Yuliya , Sydorchuk Larysa , Fedoniuk Larysa , Nebesna Zoia , Vasiuk Valentyna , Sydorchukv Andrii , Iftoda Oksana 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are the most spread cause of mortality in the world. Essential arterial hypertension (EAH), as a major risk factor for the development of CV diseases, is a multifactorial disease involving environmental and genetic factors together with risk-conferring behaviors.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze lipid metabolism changes in patients with EAH depending on the Vitamin D receptor (VDR rs2228570 (aka rs10735810)) and angiotensinogen (AGT rs699) genes polymorphism.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The single-stage study involved 100 patients suffering from Stage 2 EAH, 1–3 degrees of blood pressure increase, high and very high CV risks, 21% (21) men, and 79% (79) women. The average age of patients was 59.86 ± 6.22 years old. The control group included 60 practically healthy individuals of an appropriate age and sex distribution. To examine the VDR gene (rs10735810, rs2228570) and AGT gene (rs699) polymorphism, a qualitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was made. The lipid metabolism was studied by determining the blood plasma content of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TGs).

RESULTS: Т allele of AGT gene is associated with reduced HDL-C level in men and increased TGs level in women. The EAH risk increases 4.5 times as much among the ТС-genotype carriers and lowered HDL-C level (odds ratio [OR] = 6.43; p = 0.01). The EAH risk increases as far as the HDL-C level reduction, irrespective of the VDR gene alleles condition 1.83 times (OR = 2.37; OR 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–5.51; p = 0.04) and 1.9 times (OR=2.43; OR 95% CI: 0.99–5.97; p = 0.04). HDL-C reduction and LDL-C elevation in women increase the EAH risk 2.4 times (OR = 3.27; p = 0.01) and 1.24 times (OR = 3.67; p = 0.01), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: The EAH risk increases with a reduced HDL-C level in the TC genotype carriers of the AGT gene and irrespective of VDR gene polymorphic variants.
Antioxidant Activity of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) Leaf Extract on the Levels of Ovarian Oxidative Stress and Reproductive Hormone in Rattus norvegicus Exposed to Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Ningrum Astika Gita , Frety Endyka Erye , Diah Ivon , Shabran Zidni Hasbuna , Setiani Rida Eka , Dewi Erni Rosita 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) is a wild plant that grows in Indonesia and is considered a weed, but it has the highest antioxidant activity in the leaves and stems. Cigarette smoke is one of the exogenous free radicals that can enter blood circulation, interfering with all cells and tissues in the body, including reproductive organs.

AIM: The research aims to examine the antioxidant effect of purslane leaf extract on oxidative stress levels (ovarian malondialdehyde [MDA] levels) and reproductive hormone levels (follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH] and 17ß-estradiol) in female white rats exposed to cigarette smoke.

METHODS: This study is an experimental study with randomized post only control group design, using 12-week-old female Wistar strain Rattus norvegicus weighing about 200–250 g divided into four treatment groups (n = 6). Negative control without exposure to cigarette smoke and purslane leaf extract (K), cigarette group with cigarette smoke 1 stick/day administration without purslane leaf extract (P1), purslane group with purslane leaf extract 200 mg/Kg BW without exposure to cigarette smoke (P2), and group the group with cigarette smoke 1 stick/day accompanied by purslane leaf extract 200 mg/Kg BW administration (P3). Ovarian MDA measurement measures MDA levels as an indicator of oxidative stress in the ovaries determined by the spectrophotometry method. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method measured the measurement of FSH and 17ß-estradiol levels in blood taken intracardially through the right ventricle of the heart.

RESULTS: The results showed that purslane leaf extract at a 200 mg/Kg BW dose reduced ovarian MDA levels of female white rats exposed to cigarette smoke significantly with p < 0.05.

CONCLUSION: However, there has been no significant change in FSH and 17ß-estradiol.
Un tramway écologique : transformation de la ville et construction des représentations habitantes sur l’environnement à Medellín (Colombie).
Authors: Lucas Maëlle 
Published: November 2021

Le projet urbain du tramway d’Ayacucho à Medellín a joué un rôle de rupture dans l’environnement immédiat des habitants du secteur, mais aussi dans la perception de celui-ci. Il a accéléré la diffusion de discours valorisant un développement et des mobilités durables. Dans le même temps, l’expérience sensible des habitants d’une ville polluée s’est imposée avec l’augmentation constante des températures de la vallée et l’omniprésence du nuage de pollution. La convergence des discours et récits sur la ville avec les données scientifiques mesurant les taux de pollution vient confirmer ce ressenti sensible propre à chaque habitant. Une enquête menée en deux temps, en 2017 puis en 2019, dans le secteur transformé par l’arrivée du tramway, permet d’analyser l’évolution de ces représentations sur l’environnement, dans un contexte mondial de diffusion des « bonnes pratiques » visant à limiter les impacts environnementaux des activités humaines.
Predictive modeling of 30-day readmission risk of diabetes patients by logistic regression, artificial neural network, and EasyEnsemble
Authors: Xiang Xiayu , Liu Chuanyi , Zhang Yanchun , Xiang Wei , Fang Binxing 
Published: November 2021

Objective:
To determine the most influential data features and to develop machine learning approaches that best predict hospital readmissions among patients with diabetes.

Methods:
In this retrospective cohort study, we surveyed patient statistics and performed feature analysis to identify the most influential data features associated with readmissions. Classification of all-cause, 30-day readmission outcomes were modeled using logistic regression, artificial neural network, and EasyEnsemble. F1 statistic, sensitivity, and positive predictive value were used to evaluate the model performance.

Results:
We identified 14 most influential data features (4 numeric features and 10 categorical features) and evaluated 3 machine learning models with numerous sampling methods (oversampling, undersampling, and hybrid techniques). The deep learning model offered no improvement over traditional models (logistic regression and EasyEnsemble) for predicting readmission, whereas the other two algorithms led to much smaller differences between the training and testing datasets.

Conclusions:
Machine learning approaches to record electronic health data offer a promising method for improving readmission prediction in patients with diabetes. But more work is needed to construct datasets with more clinical variables beyond the standard risk factors and to fine-tune and optimize machine learning models.
Seroprevalence of anti-HBs antibodies and the need for booster vaccination in children under 5 years of age born to HBsAg-negative mothers
Authors: Arnindita Jannatin Nisa , Miftahussurur Muhammad , Setyoboedi Bagus , Juniastuti  
Published: November 2021

Objective:
To determine the proportion of HBV surface antigen (anti-HBs) antibody positive children under five years of age born to HBsAg-negative mothers and to analyze the possible related factors following implementation of a hepatitis B vaccination program for infants in Indonesia 22 years ago.

Methods:
Blood samples were taken from children under five years of age born to HBsAg-negative mothers who have completed primary vaccination series. Anti-HBs antibodies were determined by using rapid test. Data of age, gender, nutritional status, vaccination timing or vaccination compliance, and booster vaccination were collected from vaccination card.

Results:
Ninety children were enrolled, consisting of 47 females and 43 males with a mean age of 2.3 years. Twenty two (24.4%) children received booster vaccine between 18 and 24 months and 55 (61.1%) were anti-HBs positive. Among factors of age, gender, nutritional status, compliance to vaccination and booster vaccine, only administration of booster vaccine was significantly associated with anti-HBs status (OR 5.45, 95% CI 1.45, 20.52). Children who received booster vaccine at age of 18-24 months were 5.45 times more likely to be anti-HBs positive than that of children who did not receive booster vaccine.

Conclusions:
Booster vaccine rate is low among children under 5 years of age but is associated with anti-HBs positivity. Booster vaccination may be required to improve anti-HBs seropositivity.