bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple constraints on urban bird communication: both abiotic and biotic noise shape songs in cities
Authors: To Ann W Y , Dingle Caroline , Collins Sarah A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ambient noise can cause birds to adjust their songs to avoid masking. Most studies investigate responses to a single noise source (e.g., low-frequency traffic noise, or high-frequency insect noise). Here, we investigated the effects of both anthropogenic and insect noise on vocalizations of four common bird species in Hong Kong. Common Tailorbirds (Orthotomus sutorius) and Eurasian Tree Sparrows (Passer montanus) both sang at a higher frequency in urban areas compared to peri-urban areas. Red-whiskered Bulbuls (Pycnonotus jocosus) in urban areas shifted the only first note of their song upwards. Swinhoe’s White-eye (Zosterops simplex) vocalization changes were correlated with noise level, but did not differ between the peri-urban and urban populations. Insect noise caused the Eurasian Tree Sparrow to reduce both maximum, peak frequency, and overall bandwidth of vocalizations. Insect noise also led to a reduction in maximum frequency in Red-whiskered bulbuls. The presence of both urban noise and insect noise affected the sound of the Common Tailorbirds and Eurasian Tree Sparrows; in urban areas, they no longer increased their minimum song frequency when insect sounds were also present. These results highlight the complexity of the soundscape in urban areas. The presence of both high- and low-frequency ambient noise may make it difficult for urban birds to avoid signal masking while still maintaining their fitness in noisy cities.
Study of luminescent coupling effect in modeling a concentrator photovoltaic system with III-V triple junction solar cell
Authors: Liu Zhezhi , Lv Hui , Hu Yue , Liao Jun , Zhou Hang , Su Yuehong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A theoretical model is proposed for a concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system. This model is based on the two-diode equation and considers the luminescent coupling (LC) effect in III-V triple junction solar cell. By using the model, the ‘I-V’ curve of the system is fitted. The fitting result is in good agreement with the experimental data. The system’s open circuit voltage is also predicted in a certain temperature range. Based on the analysis of the simulation results and the two-diode equation, it is concluded that the LC effect should be a non-negligible mechanism for analyzing the operation performance of CPV system.
Japonica Array NEO with increased genome-wide coverage and abundant disease risk SNPs
Authors: Sakurai-Yageta Mika , Kumada Kazuki , Gocho Chinatsu , Makino Satoshi , Uruno Akira , Tadaka Shu , Motoike Ikuko N , Kimura Masae , Ito Shin , Otsuki Akihito , Narita Akira , Kudo Hisaaki , Aoki Yuichi , Danjoh Inaho , Yasuda Jun , Kawame Hiroshi , Minegishi Naoko , Koshiba Seizo , Fuse Nobuo , Tamiya Gen , Yamamoto Masayuki , Kinoshita Kengo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ethnic-specific SNP arrays are becoming more important to increase the power of genome-wide association studies in diverse population. In the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project, we have been developing a series of Japonica Arrays (JPA) for genotyping participants based on reference panels constructed from whole-genome sequence data of the Japanese population. Here, we designed a novel version of the SNP array for the Japanese population, called Japonica Array NEO (JPA NEO), comprising a total of 666,883 markers. Among them, 654,246 tag SNPs of autosomes and X chromosome were selected from an expanded reference panel of 3,552 Japanese, 3.5KJPNv2, using pairwise r2 of linkage disequilibrium measures. Additionally, 28,298 markers were included for the evaluation of previously identified disease risk markers from the literature and databases, and those present in the Japanese population were extracted using the reference panel. Through genotyping 286 Japanese samples, we found that the imputation quality r2 and INFO score in the minor allele frequency bin &gt;2.5–5% were &gt;0.9 and &gt;0.8, respectively, and &gt;12 million markers were imputed with an INFO score &gt;0.8. From these results, JPA NEO is a promising tool for genotyping the Japanese population with genome-wide coverage, contributing to the development of genetic risk scores.
Plasticity in Oviposition Site Selection Behavior in Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Relation to Adult Density and Host Distribution and Quality
Authors: Elsensohn Johanna E , Schal Coby , Burrack Hannah J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Flexibility in oviposition site selection under temporally shifting environmental conditions is an important trait that allows many polyphagous insects to flourish. Population density has been shown to affect egg-laying and offspring fitness throughout the animal kingdom. The effects of population density in insects have been suggested to be mutualistic at low densities, whereas intraspecific competition is exhibited at high densities. Here, we explore the effects of adult crowding and spatial resource variation on oviposition rate in the invasive pest Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura). In a series of laboratory experiments, we varied the density of adult males and females while holding oviposition substrate availability constant and measured per female oviposition rate using high and low-quality substrates. We found that oviposition behavior was affected more by substrate than adult density, though both variables had significant effects. When we varied the spatial arrangement of whole raspberries, we observed differences in oviposition rate and egg distribution between the grouped and solitary female treatments. Our results suggest that social interactions encourage oviposition, especially when exposed to unfamiliar or unnatural substrates. These results highlight the compensating effect of increased oviposition rate per female as adult populations decline. They will help researchers and crop managers better understand in-field population dynamics throughout the season as population densities change.
Gluten-free diet can ameliorate the symptoms of non-celiac autoimmune diseases
Authors: Lerner Aaron , Freire de Carvalho Jozélio , Kotrova Anna , Shoenfeld Yehuda 
Published: May 2021

AbstractContextA gluten-free diet (GFD) is the recommended treatment for gluten-dependent disease. In addition, gluten withdrawal is popular and occasionally is suggested as a treatment for other autoimmune diseases (ADs).ObjectiveThe current systematic review summarizes those entities and discusses the logic behind using a GFD in classical non–gluten-dependentADs.Data SourcesA search for medical articles in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Sciences, LILACS, and Scielo published between 1960 and 2020 was conducted, using the key words for various ADs and GFDs.Data ExxtractionEight-three articles were included in the systematic review (using PRISMA guidelines).Data AnalysisReduction in symptoms of ADs after observance of a GFD was observed in 911 out of 1408 patients (64.7%) and in 66 out of the 83 selected studies (79.5%). The age of the patients ranged from 9 months to 69 years. The duration of the GFD varied from 1 month to 9 years. A GFD can suppress several harmful intraluminal intestinal events. Potential mechanisms and pathways for the action of GFD in the gut – remote organs’ axis have been suggested.ConclusionA GFD might represent a novel nutritional therapeutic strategy for classical non–gluten-dependent autoimmune conditions.
Quantifying multipliers in Italy: does fiscal policy composition matter?
Authors: Deleidi Matteo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article aims to estimate fiscal multipliers in Italy by assessing the effect of an increase in government expenditure and taxes on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). By applying structural vector autoregressive modelling to Italian quarterly data for the 1995–2019 period, I show that expansionary fiscal policies produce positive effects on the GDP level. Estimated spending multipliers are higher than 1, and when government investment and consumption are compared, findings show that government investment has a larger effect on GDP than government consumption. Estimated tax multipliers are lower than 1, and tax-based policies are less effective in stimulating GDP than expenditure-based fiscal plans. My findings strongly support the Keynesian perspective and indicate that Italy should increase public investments considerably in order to foster economic growth.
Effortless retaliation: the neural dynamics of interpersonal intentions in the Chicken Game using brain–computer interface
Authors: Wang Yiwen , Lin Yuxiao , Fu Chao , Huang Zhihua , Xiao Shaobei , Yu Rongjun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The desire for retaliation is a common response across a majority of human societies. However, the neural mechanisms underlying aggression and retaliation remain unclear. Previous studies on social intentions are confounded by a low-level response-related brain activity. Using an Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain–computer interface combined with the Chicken Game, our study examined the neural dynamics of aggression and retaliation after controlling for nonessential response-related neural signals. Our results show that aggression is associated with reduced alpha event-related desynchronization (alpha-ERD), indicating reduced mental effort. Moreover, retaliation and tit-for-tat strategy use are also linked with smaller alpha-ERD. Our study provides a novel method to minimize motor confounds and demonstrates that choosing aggression and retaliation is less effortful in social conflicts.
Black Political Worlds in Port Cities: Garveyism in 1920s Britain
Authors: Thorold Jake 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The presence of Jamaican activist Marcus Garvey’s Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) in the British ports of London, Manchester, Cardiff, and Barry during the 1920s has yet to be charted by historians of either Garveyism or Black Britain. Uncovering this history provides fresh insights into both fields. Far from the localism emphasized by much of recent Garveyism historiography, followers of the movement in Britain were closely connected to their fellow Garveyites distributed around the globe. Meanwhile, although recent literature on the transnational character of Black Britain has detailed the activism of relatively elite figures and groups, the presence of Garveyism in port areas elucidates an alternative vein of diasporic Black political culture among working-class seafaring communities extending beyond the capital. Far from the parochial victims portrayed in much historiography, Black people living in Britain’s ports were deeply invested in the global project of Garveyism. Through their travels, readings of and writings to the UNIA’s Negro World newspaper, and participation in sophisticated aural and visual cultures, Garveyites in Britain connected their struggles to a mass diasporic movement which profoundly altered global Black politics.
Teacher Beliefs: Why They Matter and What They Are
Authors: Sabarwal Shwetlena , Abu-Jawdeh Malek , Kapoor Radhika 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTeacher effectiveness is low in many developing countries. How can it be improved? We show that understanding teacher beliefs may be an important but overlooked part of the puzzle. Our review of recent evidence shows that teacher beliefs can impact student outcomes directly; they can also mediate policy implementation. Despite this, we find that teacher beliefs are seldom accounted for or even measured in impact evaluations of teacher-focused programs. Most of these programs ultimately fail to change teacher behavior. Next, using survey data from 20,000 teachers across nine developing countries, we discuss teacher beliefs about their role, their effort, and their students’ learning. We uncover four insights. First, teachers exhibit fixed mindsets on the learning potential of disadvantaged students. For instance, nearly 43 percent of teachers believe that “there is little they can do to help a student learn” if parents are uneducated. Second, in most countries, more teachers believe that students deserve additional attention if they are performing well than if they are lagging behind. This suggests that teachers may be reinforcing rather than compensating for baseline gaps in student levels. Third, there is some normalization of absenteeism—nearly one in four teachers believe it is acceptable to be absent if students are left with work to do. Finally, teacher support for pay-for-performance varies widely across countries.
3. EXTRACRANIAL CAROTID AND VERTEBRAL ARTERIES PROFILE IN DIZZINES
Authors: Sugiono Eko , Kurniawan Mohammad , Mesiano Taufik , Rasyid Al , Hidayat Rakhmad , Harris Salim 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Dizziness is one of the most common neurologic symptoms found in clinical practice. Carotid and vertebral ultrasound can be performed to detect any factors predisposing dizziness.

Objective:
This study aimed to describe the profile of extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries using carotid and vertebral ultrasound in dizziness.

Methods:
This was a retrospective cross-sectional study using the registry of Neurology Outpatient Clinic, RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta from January 2018 until September 2020. Characteristics of subjects with dizziness were evaluated using carotid and vertebral ultrasound.

Results:
Of 2,699 subjects referred to transcranial doppler/carotid doppler (TCD-CD) clinic, there were 121 (4.53%) with dizziness. Incomplete data of 48 subjects were excluded. There were 42 (57.5%) female and 31 (42.5%) male with the mean age of 53.9 ± 14.5 years. Hypertension was found in 43 (58.9%) subjects. Thickening of intima medial complex was found in 20 (27.4%) subjects. Carotid artery abnormalities were found in 23 (31.5%) subjects. Soft plaque, hard plaque, and mixed plaque were found in 9, 8, and 1 subject, respectively. Tortous arteries were found in 3 subjects. Vertebral artery abnormalities were found in 3 (4.1%) subjects, in which 2 subjects had stenosis in bilateral vertebral arteries and one subject had occlusion in right vertebral artery.

Conclusion:
Carotid and vertebral ultrasound can be performed in dizziness to evaluate extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries as one of the risk factors of dizziness. Some extracranial carotid and vertebral artery abnormalities including artherosclorosis, plaque, and stenosis may present in dizziness.
7. THE EFFECT OF SLEEP DURATION ON SYSTOLIC PRESSURE AND NITRIC OXIDE CONCENTRATION IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Rachmawati Ermin , Riskiyah  , Kholis Mukhamad Nur 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Poor blood pressure control of hypertensive patients is caused partially by bad lifestyle management, which increases the risk of a cardiovascular event by stimulating the defective endothelial function.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the effect of night sleep duration on systolic blood pressure and nitric oxide concentration in hypertensive patients.

Methods:
60 hypertensive patients age >40 years based on the medical record participated in this study. The sleep duration and sleep quality were performed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire. The 40 participants thus selected randomly for the nitric oxide concentration assay using Nitric Oxide Salivary Elisa Kit ab65238.

Results:
53 participants experienced night sleep duration ≤6 hours, and 44 (73.7%) participants had poor sleep quality. Night sleep duration was associated significantly with hypertensive patients’ systolic blood pressure (p = 0.000 < 0.05; Odds ratio = 0.008).

Conclusion:
A 1 % increase in night sleep duration can reduce systolic pressure by 0.11 % in hypertensive patients. There was no correlation between night sleep duration on nitric oxide concentration (p > 0.05). These findings provide evidence that night sleep duration is associated strongly with the increased systolic blood pressure but not directly caused by the alteration of endothelial function.
10. BLOOD PRESSURE ON ADMISSION CHARACTERISTIC OF MULTIVESSEL DISEASE PATIENT IN ST-SEGMENTS ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION UNDERGOING PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS INTERVENTION
Authors: Harlyjoy Beta Canina , Kuncoro Ario Soeryo , Soenarta Arieska Ann , Sukmawan Renan 
Published: May 2021

Background:
In ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), several factors have been identified to be related with adverse outcome after PCI, including number of vessels involved, left ventricular function, and low TIMI flow. Blood pressure during admission is associated with risk of cardiovascular event. Component of blood pressure in STEMI patients may be correlated with in-hospital event.

Objective:
This study aimed to observe blood pressure characteristic of STEMI patients according to number of infarcted vessels at National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita (NCCHK).

Methods:
We collected medical record data of STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI in NCCHK from January to December 2020.

Results:
This study included 344 patients. Multivessel disease, defined as significant stenosis in3 2 major coronary arteries, occurred in 220 patients (64.0%). In the single vessel patients, LAD lesions occurred in 86 patients (69.4%), LCx in 9 patients (7.3%) and RCA in 29 patients (23.4%). Compared to single vessel patients, multivessel disease patients had lower blood pressure, with systolic blood pressure of 125.98 ± 25.77 vs 127.72 ± 23.11 (p = 0.522), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 74: 28–128 vs 79: 47–123 (p = 0.006) and mean arterial pressure of 91.67: 47–147 vs 95.17: 58–142 (p = 0.052). Chi-Square test showed that DBP < 70 mmHg is associated with multivessel disease, odds ratio of 1.75 with 95% CI of 1.10–2.79 (p = 0.018). In the single-vessel patients, there were statistically significant difference of DBP according to the culprit lesions. Patients with LAD lesion tend to have higher DBP (81: 51–120 vs 75.5: 47–123, p = 0.021) while RCA lesion tend to have lower DBP (74: 47–123 vs 81: 51–120, p = 0.029)

Conclusion:
Lower diastolic blood pressure is associated with multivessel disease in STEMI patients undergoing PCI.
28. USEFULNESS OF NEUTROPHIL-TO-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO (NLR) AS A PREDICTOR FOR LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY (LVH) IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSES
Authors: Multazam Rachmatu Bill , Nawing Aqila Ghaezany , Kamarullah William , Josephine Claudia Mary , Nurcahyani  
Published: May 2021

Background:
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common pathological change in hypertension, which is a marker for cardiovascular events and mortality. Inflammation as well as ischemia play significant roles and are the leading pathways in left ventricular remodeling. Thus, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), an inflammatory marker, was suggested to be predictive of LVH in hypertensive patients.

Objective:
Our aim was to review all studies that assessed the value of NLR in predicting LVH in hypertension.

Methods:
We performed a systematic literature search on the topic from several electronic databases (PubMed, Europe PMC, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar) from inception to January 2021. The standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated and pooled to investigate the effect sizes.

Results:
Meta-analysis of two studies showed that increase in NLR was associated with higher risk of developing LVH in patients with hypertension (SMD = 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.12–1.25, Z = 2.36, P = 0.02) compared with control group. Additionally, further subgroup analyses of LVH categorization stratified by Ganau's classification showed significant higher NLR value in eccentric LVH subgroup (SMD = 1.22, 95% CI = 0.08–2.36, Z = 2.11, P = 0.04) although no significant difference was observed in other three subgroups.

Conclusion:
In this current meta-analysis, we concluded that NLR is a reliable and inexpensive biomarker to help determine risk of developing LVH in patients with hypertension.
30. SHOULD WE LOWER THE INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS CUT OFF TO 0.9 TO START SECONDARY STROKE PREVENTION IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS?
Authors: Dewi Ahdinar Rosdiana , Mesiano Taufik , Kurniawan Mohammad , Hidayat Rakhmad , Rasyid Al , Harris Salim 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Hypertension is a common risk factor of stroke. Carotid intima media thickening (IMT) is an early sign of atherosclerosis in stroke patient.

Objective:
This study aimed to found IMT cut off difference in hypertension and non-hypertension stroke patient.

Methods:
This was a retrospective cross-sectional study using stroke registry in Neurology Outpatient Clinic, RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, in January–December 2020. Hypertension was measured clinically, whereas IMT was measured using carotid duplex. Subjects were categorized into hypertension and non-hypertension. Patients with diabetes mellitus were excluded. Univariate analysis and Mann-Whitney test were performed to evaluate the differences.

Result:
Of 108 subjects with the mean age of 56.13 + 10.98 years, 73 (67,6%) subjects were male. The proportion of hypertension was 53.7%. The median of left CIMT in hypertension and non-hypertension group were 0.955 (0.5–1.55) and 0.8 (0.4–1.1) (p < 0.001). The median of right IMT in hypertension and non-hypertension group were 0.9 (0.4–1.6) and 0.8 (0.4–1) (p = 0.038).

Discussion:
Hypertension may cause sheer stress and inflammation at bilateral endothelium common carotid artery (CCA), which predisposed to atherosclerosis and manifested into IMT. The current guideline recommended IMT threshold value of 1 mm to be associated with greater risk to develop a new vascular event. In this study, we found that median of IMT was 0.9 mm in stroke with hypertension patients, which was lower than currently recommended cut off.

Conclusion:
IMT 0.9 mm should be considered as a new value to start secondary stroke prevention in hypertension patients.
38. HYPERTENSION HAS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE INCIDENCE OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, STUDY ON CARDIAC CATHETHERIZATION LABORATORY BANJAR REGIONAL HOSPITAL WEST JAVA
Authors: Egi D.S. , Asep S.A.S. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
RISKESDAS in 2018 found the result prevalence hypertension in Indonesian people at the age above 18 years is 34.11%. West Java has a prevalence of hypertension above the national rate around 39.60% which is the second national rank. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is common cardiovascular disease which is a result of various cardiovascular risk factors. Hypertension is a risk factor of coronary artery disease. This study tries to describe the various risk factors that affect to coronary artery disease diagnosed by coronary angiography at Banjar Regional Hospital, West Java in January until December 2020 focused on hypertension.

Method:
This is a retrospective descriptive study involving 211 patients who diagnosed CAD by coronary angiography in cardiac cathetherization laboratory Banjar Regional Hospital from January 2020 until December 2020. Data obtained from tracing the patients medical record. Data includes demographic characteristics, risk factors, and medical measures performed. Statistical analysis was then performed using IBM SPSS Software.

Demographic Characteristics

Risk Factors distribution

Results:
From the total of 211 patients who diagnosed CAD by coronary angiographic, 161 (76.30%) underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. The cardiovascular risk factors are divided into four major groups, including hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. Of the four cardiovascular risk factors that affect CAD, hypertension has the highest number of cases, around 161 (76.30%) patients. From 161 CAD patients who had these risk factors for hypertension 118 (55.92%) of them underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Conclusion:
Hypertension is a cardiovascular risk factor with a high prevalence case, in line with the 2018 RISKESDAS research. In this study, the incidence of hypertension is quite high, this is related to the increase in the incidence of hypertension which affects the increased incidence of coronary artery disease.