bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Authentication of Deed of Minutes of General Meeting of Shareholders Implemented With The Concept of Cyber Notary Reviewed From Article 16 Paragraph (1) Letter M of Law No. 2 of 2014 On Notary Department
Authors: Amrullah Reza 
Published: February 2021

Cyber Notary is the use or utilization of information technology such as computers, computer networks, and/or other electronic media, such as teleconferences or video conferences in carrying out the tasks of the authority of a Notary Public. This study analyzes the authentication of electronic documents in the form of the minutes of the General Meeting of Shareholders in the Cyber Notary concept and the proof of the minutes of the General Meeting of Shareholders held with the concept of Cyber Notary. The research method used in this study is normative juridical. The source of legal material in this research is secondary legal material. This Legal Material Analysis Method is Normative Qualitative. Based on the results of the study found that Authentication of electronic documents in the form of the minutes of the General Meeting of Shareholders in the concept of Cyber Notary can be done by means of a Notary does not need to be present during the General Meeting of Shareholders of the Cyber Notary takes place. If the Notary is present directly at the meeting then it is actually dangerous for the Notary, because in the Cyber Notary RUPS there are meeting participants who attend using teleconferences or video conferences that do not allow the Notary to get to know all meeting participants who were present at the meeting. Making Deed of Minutes of the meeting is sufficient to be made by a Notary based on the Minutes of Meeting under the hand of the authorized shareholders to the Board of Directors to be drawn up by a Notary. Keywords: Strength of Proof; GMS Deed; Cyber Notary.
Application of Prudential Principles in Registration of Granting Mortgage Right (APHT)
Authors: Kusumaningrum Hesti 
Published: February 2021

The precautionary principle serves as a guideline for PPAT in carrying out the APHT registration process. In-Law No.4 of 1996 concerning Underwriting Rights, PPAT Position, and Civil Regulations No.1 Year 2006 implies the precautionary principle regarding the provision that the PPAT is personally responsible for the duties and authorities in the process of making the deed. PPAT must apply accuracy in registering APHT to the Land Office. Registration becomes an important moment for the birth of Underwriting Right, the fulfillment of the principle of publicity, the position of the preferred creditor as the holder of the Underwriting Right. The data used in this study are secondary data with primary data as secondary data supplementary data. The approach method used in this study is the normative juridical approach. The results of the study obtained concluded that 2 (two) terms of the application of the precautionary principle of the form and content of APHT made by PPAT in accordance with applicable regulations, however, APHT registration occurred later than the 7 (seven) working day deadline. Not applying the precautionary principle can lead to legal consequences for the PPAT, APHT. and preferred creditors, from the aspects of civil, criminal, and administrative law. Preventive and repressive legal protection for all parties concerned in the series of APHT registration processes. Suggestions for PPAT need to apply the precautionary principle to minimize late APHT registration, the Land Office needs to apply administrative sanctions. Keywords: prudential principles; APHT registration; legal consequences
The Role of The National Land Agency in Monitoring The Issuing Land Deed by The Temporary Land Deed Officer in Indramayu Regency
Authors: Astuti Sabrina Widya 
Published: February 2021

This study aims to analyze how the role of the National Land Agency in terms of supervision of the making of a land deed by the Acting Land Actor in the District of Indramayu. based on research that has been carried out the role of supervision carried out by the National Land Agency in Indramayu Regency contained in the regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning No. 2 of 2018 concerning Supervision and Development of Land Deed Making Officials. Research shows that supervision of the Temporary Land Deed Making Officials in Indramayu Regency has not been carried out by the National Land Agency. Supervision based on Permen ATR Number 2 of 2018 namely preventive and repressive supervision. Preventive supervision is to supervise the implementation of the PPAT position while repressive supervision is carried out by enforcing the rule of law in accordance with statutory provisions in the PPAT field. Keywords: National Land Agency, supervision, PPAT
Local Government Policy in The Procurement of Rental Official Vehicle (ROV) in Keerom District, Papua
Authors: Bawono Icuk Rangga , Pradana Adhitia 
Published: February 2021

The implementation of regional government requires supporting facilities and infrastructure for the smooth implementation. One of them is adequate transportation facilities. Therefore, the local government provides official vehicles for commitment and responsibility in giving attention and concern to duties of the state civil apparatus implementation. This study aims to formulate urgency of leasing operational service vehicles in the Keerom District Government. This study uses normative legal research as research method. The legal material obtained will describe and relate in such a way that it is presented in a more systematic writing to answer problems that have been formulated. Result shows the procurement of official vehicles was chosen through the rental process to minimize expenditure in the context of budget economy, effectiveness, and efficiency. Rental official vehicles in the Keerom Regency Government function as a support for regional government in achieving targets as its responsibility to provide welfare for community. Keywords: local government; operational service vehicles; rental
PELAKSANAAN HARMONISASI RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG PERLINDUNGAN DATA PRIBADI (RUU PDP)
Authors: Widyantari Padma , Sulistiyono Adi 
Published: February 2021

<p>Abstract<br />Establishment of legislation is the process of making legislation basically starting from planning, preparation, techniques of preparation, formulation, discussion, endorsement, enactment, and dissemination. Among the series of processes above, there is a process that is not explicitly mentioned but has a very important role, namely the harmonization process. Harmonization is one of a series of processes for the formation of legislation which is an effort to harmonize a statutory regulation with other laws and regulations, both higher, equal and lower, and other matters outside of legislation. laws, so that they are arranged systematically, not conflicting or overlapping. The problem in this study is how to harmonize the Personal Data Protection Bill. The method of this study uses a descriptive normative legal research approach with a statute approach . The primary legal sources are laws, books, journals, while the secondary legal sources are the results of interviews with related parties. The results of this study are expected to allow readers to know how to implement harmonization of legislation in general, and the implementation of harmonization of the Personal Data Protection Bill in particular.<br />Keywords: Harmonization; Legislation; Personal Data Protection Bill.</p><p>Abstrak<br />Pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan adalah proses pembuatan peraturan perundangundangan pada dasarnya dimulai dari perencanaan,persiapan, teknik penyusunan,perumusan,pembahasan, pengesahan,<br />pengundangan, dan penyebarluasan. Di antara rangkaian proses di atas ada proses yang tidak disebutkan secara tegas tetapi mempunyai peran yang sangat penting, yaitu proses harmonisasi.Harmonisasi merupakan<br />salah satu dari rangkaian proses pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan yang merupakan upaya untuk menyelaraskan suatu peraturan perundangundangan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan lain, baik yang lebih tinggi, sederajat, maupun yang lebih rendah, dan hal-hal lain di luar peraturan perundang-undangan, sehingga tersusun secara sistematis, tidak saling bertentangan atau tumpang tindih (overlaping). Permasalahan dalam kajian ini adalah bagaimana pelaksanaan harmonisasi Rancangan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi Metode kajian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan penelitian hukum normatif deskriptif<br />dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approac). Adapun sumber hukum primernya adalah undang-undang, buku, jurnal, sedangkan sumber hukum sekundernya adalah hasil wawancara pihak terkait. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan agar pembaca mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan harmonisasi peraturan perundang-undangan pada umumnya, dan pelaksanaan harmonisasi Rancangan UndangUndang Perlindungan Data Pribadi pada khususnya.<br />Kata Kunci: Harmonisasi; Peraturan Perundang-Undangan; RUU Perlindungan Data Pribadi.</p>
Projected All-Cause Deaths Attributable to COVID-19–Related Unemployment in the United States
Authors: Matthay Ellicott C. , Duchowny Kate A. , Riley Alicia R. , Galea Sandro 
Published: February 2021

Objectives. To project the range of excess deaths potentially associated with COVID-19–related unemployment in the United States and quantify inequities in these estimates by age, race/ethnicity, gender, and education. Methods. We used previously published meta-analyzed hazard ratios (HRs) for the unemployment–mortality association, unemployment data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics to estimate 1-year age-standardized deaths attributable to COVID-19–related unemployment for US workers aged 25 to 64 years. To accommodate uncertainty, we tested ranges of unemployment and HR scenarios. Results. Our best estimate is that there will be 30 231 excess deaths attributable to COVID-19–related unemployment between April 2020 and March 2021. Across scenarios, attributable deaths ranged from 8315 to 201 968. Attributable deaths were disproportionately high among Blacks, men, and those with low education. Conclusions. Deaths attributable to COVID-19–related unemployment will add to those directly associated with the virus and will disproportionately burden groups already experiencing incommensurate COVID-19 mortality. Public Health Implications. Supportive economic policies and interventions addressing long-standing harmful social structures are essential to mitigate the unequal health harms of COVID-19.
Wage-Setting Policies, Employment, and Food Insecurity: A Multilevel Analysis of 492 078 People in 139 Countries
Authors: Reeves Aaron , Loopstra Rachel , Tarasuk Valerie 
Published: February 2021

Objectives. To examine the association between wage-setting policy and food insecurity. Methods. We estimated multilevel regression models, using data from the Gallup World Poll (2014–2017) and UCLA’s World Policy Analysis Center, to examine the association between wage setting policy and food insecurity across 139 countries (n = 492 078). Results. Compared with countries with little or no minimum wage, the probability of being food insecure was 0.10 lower (95% confidence interval = 0.02, 0.18) in countries with collective bargaining. However, these associations varied across employment status. More generous wage-setting policies (e.g., collective bargaining or high minimum wages) were associated with lower food insecurity among full-time workers (and, to some extent, part-time workers) but not those who were unemployed. Conclusions. In countries with generous wage-setting policies, employed adults had a lower risk of food insecurity, but the risk of food insecurity for the unemployed was unchanged. Wage-setting policies may be an important intervention for addressing risks of food insecurity among low-income workers.
Effects of early mobilization (EM) in patients with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in Intensive Care Unit (ICU): a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Yanhao , Huang Zixuan , Duan Jun , Xu Wenxin , Mao Jiayi , Yan Xiaoying , Yang Qin , Chen Jianli , Mou Shaoyu , Lan Rong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Early mobilization (EM) may be an effective intervention for the promotion of rehabilitation in noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of EM in patients with NIPPV in Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
Methods

Participants were randomly allocated to the intervention group involving active and passive activities combined with routine treatments and the control group with routine treatments in this single-center, parallel-designed randomized controlled trial. Participants accepted initiative and passive activities following brought by medical and nursing team who were standardized training The primary outcomes were the incidence of ICU-AW, length of ICU stay, duration of ventilation and mortality.
Results

There were no adverse event in participants during EM. Compared with the control group, there was a significantly lower length of ICU stay (m = 6.0 vs 7.8 days, respectively, P = 0.038), incidence of ICU-acquired weakness (n = 17.4% vs 50%, respectively, P = 0.026), duration of ventilation (m = 2.1 vs 4.0 days, respectively, P = 0.019) in the intervention group.
Conclusions

EM is feasible and safe in noninvasive ventilator patients, it can decrease the incidence of ICU-acquired weakness, length of stay and duration of noninvasive ventilation in ICU, and promoted the recovery of grip strength.
Methylene Blue has a potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and H1N1 influenza virus in the absence of UV-activation in vitro
Authors:   Valeria Cagno1, Medaglia Chiara , Cerny Andreas , Cerny Thomas , Zwygart Arnaud , Cerny Erich , Tapparel Caroline 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Methylene blue is an FDA (food and drug administration) and EMA (european medicines agency) approved drug with an excellent safety profile. It displays broad-spectrum virucidal activity in the presence of UV light and has been shown to be effective in inactivating various viruses in blood products prior to transfusions. In addition, its use has been validated for methemoglobinemia and malaria treatment. In this study, we first evaluated the virucidal activity of methylene blue against Influenza Virus H1N1 upon different incubation times and in the presence or absence of light activation, and then against SARS-CoV-2. We further assessed the therapeutic activity of methylene blue by administering it to cells previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we examined the effect of co-administration of the drug together with immune serum.
Our findings reveal that methylene blue displays virucidal preventive or therapeutic activity against Influenza Virus H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2 at low micromolar concentrations and in the absence of UV activation. We also confirm that MB antiviral activity is based on several mechanisms of action as the degradation of genomic RNA is only observed in the presence of light and after long exposure. Our work supports the interest of testing methylene blue in clinical studies to confirm a preventive or therapeutic efficacy against both Influenza Virus H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2 infections.
How is Dignity Understood and Preserved in Patients with Palliative Needs in the Middle East? An Integrative Review
Authors: Sailian Silva Dakessian , Salifu Yakubu , Saad Rima , Preston Nancy 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Patients with palliative needs experience high psychological and symptom distress that may lead to hopelessness and impaired sense of dignity. Maintaining patient dignity or the quality of being valued is a core aim in palliative care. The notion of dignity is often explained by functionality, symptom relief and autonomy in decision making. However, this understanding and its implications in Middle Eastern countries is not clear.The aim of this review is to 1) explore the understanding of dignity and how dignity is preserved in adult patients with palliative care needs in the Middle East 2) critically assess the findings against the Dignity Model dominant in western literature.Method: Using an integrative review we searched four databases EMBASE, Psych-Info, CINAHL, and PubMed. These databases retrieve a broad literature on palliative care and are often chosen in other palliative care reviews. To enhance the search strategy, three online journals were hand searched, reference lists of review papers scanned, and forward citations sought. No time limits were applied. The retrieved papers were assessed independently by two authors including quality assessment using the Hawker’s appraisal tool.Results: Out of the 5113 studies retrieved, 294 full texts were assessed. Sixteen studies were included for synthesis of which fourteen were published in Iran. Seven themes were developed after data analysis: Maintaining Privacy and Secrecy; Gentle communication with a dialogue that preserves hope instead of blunt truth-telling; Abundance characterised by accessibility to medical supplies and financial stability; Family Support where relatives deliver major assistance in care; Physical Fitness; Reliable health care, and Social justice that endorses equal care to all.Conclusion: The results are compatible with the existing evidence from the Dignity Model ascertaining that dignity is socially mediated and influenced by interactions and physical fitness. Nevertheless, the findings highlight that patient dignity is also shaped by the socio-political, cultural, and economic conditions of the country, where family support, gentle communication and accessible health care are essential elements.
Epigenetic Events and Germ Line Transmission in Rag1 knock-out Chimeric Mice Produced by CRISPR/Cas9 Technology
Authors: Salimi Maryam , Mehravar Maryam , Shirazi Abolfazl , Sarvari Ali , Naderi Mohammad Mahdi , Malekpour Ali , Mehrazar Mohammad Mehdi , Majidi Mohammad , Behzadi Bahareh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Considering the effects of epigenetic changes on the embryonic development through altering the gene expression of pluripotency, trophectoderm, and imprinting genes, we determined the pattern of epigenetic alterations in transgenic embryos produced by injecting transgenic mESCs into the morula. To aim this, RAG1 knock-out mESCs were produced using CRISPR-Cas9 editing system and then microinjected into morulas to develop chimeric embryos. Afterward, the expression of pluripotency, trophectoderm genes, and imprinting genes in these embryos were evaluated using real-time PCR. Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out to determine the methylation rates of H3K9me3 and H3K4me3. In the following, since epigenetic alterations can be at least one of the possible reasons of male infertility and the loss of germ-line transmission capacity, the germ-line transmission ability in chimeric mice was also evaluated by breeding them and subsequent backcrosses to wild type strains. Our findings showed that the methylation rates of H3K4me3 and H3K9me3 were significantly lower and higher respectively in the RAG1 knock-out embryos compared others groups. Moreover, the chimeric embryos exhibited the decreased expression of NANOG, OCT4, CDX2, TEAD4, and H19 genes. Following the breeding of chimeric males with normal female mouse, 40% of chimeras had no germ-line transmission (GLT), and 60% were infertile.We showed that the manipulation of mESC by CRISPR-Cas9 approach remarkably changed the methylation status of H3K9me3 and H3K4me3, resulting in impaired development of embryos through dysregulation of genes involved embryonic development and then, may be one of the reasons of infertility and lack of GLT.
Prediction of COVID-19 status using baseline demographics and lab data
Authors: Zhang Jimmy , Jun Tomi , Frank Jordi , Nirenberg Sharon , Kovatch Patricia , Huang Kuan-lin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The global surge in COVID-19 cases underscores the need for fast, scalable, and reliable testing. Current COVID-19 diagnostic tests are limited by turnaround time, limited availability, or occasional false findings. Here, we developed a machine learning-based framework for predicting COVID-19 positive test status relying only on readily-available baseline data, including patient demographics, comorbidities, and common lab values. Leveraging a cohort of 31,739 adults within an academic health system, we trained and tested multiple types of machine learning models, achieving an area under the curve of 0.75. Feature importance analyses highlighted serum calcium levels, aspartate aminotransferase levels, and oxygen saturation as key predictors. Additionally, we developed a single decision tree model that provided an operable method for stratifying sub-populations. Overall, this study provides a proof-of-concept that COVID-19 status prediction models can be developed using only baseline data. The resulting prediction can complement existing tests to enhance screening and pandemic containment workflows.
Salt Stress-Induced Genetic Variation in Calli and Shoot Cultures of Economically Important Stevia Rebaudiana
Authors: Khan Hayat , Qasim Hina , Zahoor Zarghoona , Ahmad Nisar , Iqbal Arshad , Fazal Hina , Khan Iftikhar Muhammad , Muhammad Jan , Ahmad Naveed 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana is one of the potent members of family Asteraceae and is famous for the synthesis of Steviol glycosides. Recently it is one of the economically important plants with high market demand. Seed infertility and stem cuttings are the major issues in obtaining homogeneous population, therefore, the best alternative is plant cell, tissue and organ culture. Currently, salt stress is one of the major issues worldwide. The overall objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of salt stress (100 mm NaCl) on genetic variation in calli and shoot cultures of S. rebaudiana. Sterilized leaf explants were inoculated on MS media augmented with 2,4-D (2.0 mg/L) and BAP (2.0 mg/L) for callogenesis. Shoots were obtained by using BAP (2.0 mg/L) and GA3 (0.5 mg/L) after 30 days. Callus and shoots were exposed to salt stress for 30 days. These fresh calli and shoot cultures were analyzed for genetic variation including three genes. 1: Leaf sample UDP glycosyltransferase gene restricted with ScaI 2: Callus sample gene restricted with ScaI 3: Leaf sample UDP glycosyltransferase mRNA restricted with NcoI 4: Callus sample mRNA restricted with NcoI 5: Leaf sample UDP glycosyltransferase mRNA restricted with DraIII 6: Callus sample mRNA restricted with DraIII. Only the callus sample digested with DraIII showed a variation from the mother plant. Others genes did not show any variation. It is concluded that genetic variation occurs in callus which is undifferentiated mass of cells and the variation caused may be due to salt stress. This study further need sequencing to identify the genes responsible for genetic and Somaclonal variation.