bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type 1 conventional dendritic cells and interferons are required for spontaneous CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell protective responses to breast cancer
Authors: Mattiuz Raphaël , Brousse Carine , Ambrosini Marc , Cancel Jean‐Charles , Bessou Gilles , Mussard Julie , Sanlaville Amélien , Caux Christophe , Bendriss‐Vermare Nathalie , Valladeau‐Guilemond Jenny , Dalod Marc , Crozat Karine 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo better understand how immune responses may be harnessed against breast cancer, we investigated which immune cell types and signalling pathways are required for spontaneous control of a mouse model of mammary adenocarcinoma.MethodsThe NOP23 mammary adenocarcinoma cell line expressing epitopes derived from the ovalbumin model antigen is spontaneously controlled when orthotopically engrafted in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice. We combined this breast cancer model with antibody‐mediated depletion of lymphocytes and with mutant mice affected in interferon (IFN) or type 1 conventional dendritic cell (cDC1) responses. We monitored tumor growth and immune infiltration including the activation of cognate ovalbumin‐specific T cells.ResultsBreast cancer immunosurveillance required cDC1, NK/NK T cells, conventional CD4+ T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). cDC1 were required constitutively, but especially during T‐cell priming. In tumors, cDC1 were interacting simultaneously with CD4+ T cells and tumor‐specific CTLs. cDC1 expression of the XCR1 chemokine receptor and of the T‐cell‐attracting or T‐cell‐activating cytokines CXCL9, IL‐12 and IL‐15 was dispensable for tumor rejection, whereas IFN responses were necessary, including cDC1‐intrinsic signalling by STAT1 and IFN‐γ but not type I IFN (IFN‐I). cDC1 and IFNs promoted CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell infiltration, terminal differentiation and effector functions. In breast cancer patients, high intratumor expression of genes specific to cDC1, CTLs, CD4+ T cells or IFN responses is associated with a better prognosis.ConclusionInterferons and cDC1 are critical for breast cancer immunosurveillance. IFN‐γ plays a prominent role over IFN‐I in licensing cDC1 for efficient T‐cell activation.
OMIP 077: Definition of all principal human leukocyte populations using a broadly applicable 14‐color panel
Authors: Boesch Maximilian , Sykora Martina , Gasteiger Silvia , Baty Florent , Brutsche Martin H. , Sopper Sieghart 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis Optimized Multicolor Immunofluorescence Panel was designed to identify and quantify all principal leukocyte populations in human blood using a minimum number of markers. We achieved this goal using a carefully selected combination of 14 surface markers compatible with standard flow cytometric instruments and accessible to a particularly large research community. Optimized for use in whole blood, this panel allows polymorphonuclear cell identification, supports live cell recovery, and is well‐suited for absolute cell counting applications in the original in vivo volume. Panel performance and the separation of populations are high, and virtually no cells remain undefined after gating. Besides the identification of neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, T cells, natural killer cells, B cells, plasma cells, monocytes, myeloid dendritic cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, this panel also covers progenitor cells and may therefore be attractive for stem cell researchers. Envisioned applications of this panel include immune monitoring within clinical trials, initial discovery to inform subset‐targeted panels, and clinical diagnostics. In summary, this panel offers a broadly applicable platform for immune cell identification, quantification and characterization in human samples, particularly whole blood.
Targeting TRAF3IP2 alleviates high glucose‐induced cardiomyocyte inflammation and apoptosis
Authors: Wei Jing , Yan Tao , Liang Yuanhong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo clarify the role of TRAF3IP2 in high glucose (HG)‐stimulated cardiomyocyte inflammation and apoptosis and its action mechanism. SiRNA plasmid of TRAF3IP2 was constructed and transfected into HG‐stimulated cardiomyocytes to silence TRAF3IP2. The expression of TRAF3IP2 was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot. Cell viability and cytotoxicity were first observed using cell counting kit‐8 and lactate dehydrogenase assays. The inflammatory injury of the cardiomyocytes was then examined by real time‐qPCR (RT‐qPCR) and western blot. The oxidative stress of the cardiomyocytes was evaluated using reactive oxygen species assay kit, RT‐qPCR, western blot and enzyme activity assay kit. Next, cell apoptosis was detected employing TUNEL and western blot. Finally, RT‐qPCR and western blot were performed to investigate the effects of inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4, including saxagliptin, empagliflozin and linagliptin, on TRAF3IP2. TRAF3IP2 expression was found to be increased in HG‐stimulated cardiomyocytes. TRAF3IP2 interference inhibited HG‐induced cell viability loss, cytotoxicity, inflammatory response, oxidative stress and apoptosis of the cardiomyocytes. Moreover, saxagliptin, empagliflozin and linagliptin inhibited the expression of TRAF3IP2. TRAF3IP2 interference alleviates HG‐induced inflammation and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. The result suggests that TRAF3IP2 may be a promising therapeutic target in treating diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Conversion of rainforest into oil palm and rubber plantations affects the functional composition of litter and soil Collembola
Authors: Susanti Winda Ika , Bartels Tamara , Krashevska Valentyna , Widyastuti Rahayu , Deharveng Louis , Scheu Stefan , Potapov Anton 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRainforest conversion and expansion of plantations in tropical regions are associated with changes in animal communities and biodiversity decline. In soil, Collembola are one of the most numerous invertebrate groups that affect the functioning of microbial communities and support arthropod predators. Despite that, information on the impact of changes in land use in the tropics on species and trait composition of Collembola communities is very limited. We investigated the response of Collembola to the conversion of rainforest into rubber agroforestry (“jungle rubber”), rubber, and oil palm plantations in Jambi Province (Sumatra, Indonesia), a region which experienced one of the strongest recent deforestation globally. Collembola were sampled in 2013 and 2016 from the litter and soil layer using heat extraction, and environmental factors were measured (litter C/N ratio, pH, water content, composition of microbial community and predator abundance). In the litter layer, density and species richness in plantation systems were 25%–38% and 30%–40% lower, respectively, than in rainforest. However, in the soil layer, density, species richness, and trait diversity of Collembola were only slightly affected by land‐use change, contrasting the response of many other animal groups. Species and trait composition of Collembola communities in litter and soil differed between each of the land‐use systems. Water content and pH were identified as main factors related to the differences in species and trait composition in both litter and soil, followed by the density of micro‐ and macropredators. Dominant species of Collembola in rainforest and jungle rubber were characterized by small body size, absence of furca, and absence of intense pigmentation, while in plantations, larger species with long furca and diffuse or patterned pigmentation were more abundant. Overall, land‐use change negatively affected Collembola communities in the litter layer, but its impact was lower in the soil layer. Several pantropical genera of Collembola (i.e.,Isotomiella,Pseudosinella, andFolsomides) dominated across land‐use systems, reflecting their high environmental adaptability and/or efficient dispersal, calling for studies on their ecology and genetic diversity. The decline in species richness and density of litter‐dwelling Collembola with the conversion of rainforest into plantation systems calls for management practices mitigating negative effects of the deterioration of the litter layer in rubber plantations, but even more in oil palm plantations.
Assessing the patterns and drivers of shape complexity in the amblypygid pedipalp
Authors: McLean Callum , Garwood Russell , Brassey Charlotte 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAmblypygi is an arachnid order possessing a unique pair of spined pedipalps: appendages that perform in prey capture, courtship, and contest. Pedipalp length, hypothesized to be under sexual selection, varies markedly across amblypygid species, and pedipalp spination, thought to reflect selection for function in prey capture, also differs interspecifically. Differences in pedipalp shape between species may indicate that the relative strength of selection for prey capture and sexual selection vary across the group. However, interspecific differences in pedipalp shape have not been quantified, due to difficulties in identifying homologous features. For the first time, we quantify trends in amblypygid pedipalp shape complexity. We use elliptical Fourier analysis to quantify 2D complexity in pedipalp outlines across eleven species and six genera. We find that complexity significantly decreases as pedipalp length increases. This appears to be driven by relative spine length, suggesting that a trade‐off exists between pedipalp length and spination. Furthermore, significant female‐biased sexual dimorphism in shape complexity is present in the tibial segment of the amblypygid pedipalp. Our results provide novel insights into the drivers of amblypygid pedipalp evolution and suggest that a functional trade‐off between performance in prey capture and other functions under sexual selection exist in this enigmatic structure.
Mapping the premigration distribution of eastern Monarch butterflies using community science data
Authors: Momeni‐Dehaghi Iman , Bennett Joseph R. , Mitchell Greg W. , Rytwinski Trina , Fahrig Lenore 
Published: July 2021

AbstractKnowing the distribution of migratory species at different stages of their life cycle is necessary for their effective conservation. For the Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus), although its overwintering distribution is well known, the available information on premigration distribution is limited to the studies estimating the natal origins of overwintering Monarchs in Mexico (i.e., postmigration data). However, the premigration distribution and the natal origins of overwintering Monarchs can be equivalent only if we assume that migrating Monarchs have the same mortality rate irrespective of their origins. To estimate Monarchs’ premigration distribution, we used data reported by community scientists before Monarchs start their fall migration, that is, before migration mortality, and controlled for sampling bias. Our premigration distribution map indicated that Minnesota, Texas, and Ontario are the states/provinces with the highest abundance of Monarch in North America. Although this higher estimated abundance can be related to the large sizes of these states/provinces, this information is still important because it identifies the management jurisdictions with the largest responsibility for the conservation of the premigration population of Monarchs. Our premigration distribution map will be useful in future studies estimating the rates, distribution, and causes of mortality in migrating Monarchs.
An efficient and simplified Gay‐Lussac approach in secondary variables form for the non‐Boussinesq simulation of free convection problems
Authors: Mayeli Peyman , Sheard Gregory J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe Gay‐Lussac (GL) approach is an incompressible‐based strategy for non‐Boussinesq treatment of the governing equations for free convection problems that is established based on extending the density variations beyond the gravity term. Such a strategy leads to emerging the GL parameter as a non‐Boussinesq prefactor of different terms in the governing equations. In this article, the GL approach is expressed/discussed in terms of the secondary variables, that is, vorticity and stream‐function, for the first time and a simplified version of this approach is proposed by removing density variations from the continuity equation. The difference of results under the simplified and traditional GL approach ranges within a maximum of 1% for different parameters. The lower computational cost of numerical solution of governing equations in the secondary variables formula and the corresponding convergence rate is scrutinized for the simplified GL approach showing around 25% lower computational cost. The performance of this approach is evaluated at high relative temperature differences against the low Mach number scheme and the Boussinesq approximations. In this respect, natural convection in an annulus cavity is numerically simulated using a CVFEM solver under the aforementioned approximations up to Rayleigh number at Prandtl number and high relative temperature differences ( and 0.3). The largest deviations found for either the simplified GL or Boussinesq methods from the low Mach number scheme solution are less than 20% for velocity magnitude, 14% for stream function, 6% for vorticity, and 5% for temperature. Results under the three approximations are also analyzed in terms of the skin friction and local and average Nusselt number, indicating that the Gay‐Lussac approach requires some revisions to act more accurately than the classical Boussinesq approximation at high relative temperature differences in natural convection problems, especially within the convection dominated regime.
Betaine, a component of Lycium chinense, enhances muscular endurance of mice and myogenesis of myoblasts
Authors: Lee Sang‐Soo , Kim Yong‐An , Eun Bokkee , Yoo Jayeon , Kim Eun‐Mi , Nam Myoung Soo , Kim Kee K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSarcopenia is a disease characterized by the loss of muscle mass and function that occurs mainly in older adults. The present study was designed to investigate the hypothesis that water extract of Lycium chinense (WELC) would improve muscle function and promote myogenesis for sarcopenia. We investigated the effect of water extracts of L. chinense on muscular endurance function and myogenesis to examine its efficacy in sarcopenia. Intake of WELC‐containing cheese enhanced the muscular endurance function of mice in treadmill endurance tests. In addition, the cross‐sectional areas of muscle fibers in the gastrocnemius muscle of L. chinense‐fed mice were greater than that of control mice. Furthermore, WELC and its key component marker substance betaine promoted myogenesis of myoblasts by increasing the expression of the myogenic protein myosin heavy chain 3 (Myh3) and myotube formation. Taken together, our results suggest that L. chinense may potentially be useful in the development of preventive and therapeutic agents for sarcopenia, as well as in providing basic knowledge on myogenesis and muscular functions.
Return and volatility connectedness of Chinese onshore, offshore, and forward exchange rate
Authors: Zhao Yanping , Umar Zaghum , Vo Xuan Vinh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe analyze the return and volatility connectedness between the three Chinese exchange rate markets, namely, the onshore market, the offshore market, and the nondeliverable forward offshore market. Our results show that connectedness exhibits an increasing trend with fluctuations during periods of internal reforms and external shocks. For example, the connectedness increased with China's exchange rate reform on August 11, 2015 but dropped after that. Furthermore, we document that the offshore spot and a forward market dominated the other rates in return spillovers. In contrast, both the offshore and onshore forward rates dominated the other rates in volatility spillovers.
Feasibility of endoscopic evaluation of Helicobacter pylori infection status by using the Kyoto classification of gastritis in the population‐based gastric cancer screening program: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Hirai Ryosuke , Hirai Mami , Shimodate Yuichi , Minami Mariko , Ishikawa Sho , Kanadani Takafumi , Takezawa Rio , Doi Akira , Nishimura Naoyuki , Mouri Hirokazu , Matsueda Kazuhiro , Yamamoto Hiroshi , Mizuno Motowo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsWe have started a new population‐based endoscopic gastric cancer screening program in Kurashiki city with consideration of Helicobacter pylori infection status based on endoscopic features. We aimed to verify the feasibility of this attempt in a prospective case‐registration study (UMIN000028629).MethodsData were collected from 1784 subjects without past eradication of H. pylori and who underwent endoscopic gastric cancer screening in Kurashiki Central Hospital Preventive Healthcare Plaza from September 2017 to June 2018. Endoscopic judgment of H. pylori infection status was made according to the Kyoto classification of gastritis. For comparison, a combination serum test of anti‐H. pylori antibody and pepsinogen I and II, the ABC method, was used.ResultsThe endoscopic diagnoses were nongastritis, 1215 (68.1%); active or inactive gastritis, 469 (26.3%); and undefined, 23 (1.3%). With the ABC method as a reference standard, the false‐negative rate of the endoscopic judgment for H. pylori infection was 16.3% (95% confidence interval: 13.1%‐20.0%). Most false‐negative cases were of Group B in the ABC method, which is considered gastritis with mild mucosal atrophy. Antibody titers in this population were mostly in the weak‐positive range but clinically significant elevation of the antibody suggesting current infection was observed in some cases.ConclusionsEndoscopic diagnosis of H. pylori infection status in a population‐based gastric cancer screening program is mostly reliable, but false‐negative results may occur, especially in patients with mild gastric atrophy. To avoid this limitation, we recommend adding H. pylori antibody test to the program.
A cross‐sectional study on evaluation of complete blood count‐associated parameters for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis
Authors: Maghsoudi Leila Haji , Kabir Kourosh , Soltanian Ali , Pak Haleh , Ahmadinejad Mojtaba , Ahmadi Arghavan Khas 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsAcute appendicitis is one of the common causes of abdominal surgeries, however, the rate of negative appendectomy is as high as 20% as the diagnosis of appendicitis is challenging. The study aimed to evaluate complete blood count (CBC)‐associated parameters among positive and negative appendectomy patients and determine their diagnostic importance.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, patients who suspected of acute appendicitis were included. Preoperative blood samples taken from these patients for a complete blood count. Following parameters evaluated from their CBC: white blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophils‐to‐lymphocytes ratio, platelets‐to‐lymphocytes ratio, red cell distribution width (RDW), and platelet distribution width (PDW). These parameters analyzed for the positive and negative appendectomy patients using statistical analysis.ResultsOf 200 patients included in the study, 30 patients (15%) underwent negative appendectomy. The mean neutrophils, WBC, red blood cells, neutrophils‐to‐lymphocytes, and platelets‐to‐lymphocytes ratio was significantly high among positive appendectomy patients, (P < .05), whereas MPV to platelet ratio was significantly less in this group. The highest diagnostic power for the diagnosis of appendicitis was of neutrophils‐to‐lymphocytes ratio with the sensitivity of 83.5% and the specificity of 90%.ConclusionThe findings of our study indicate that neutrophils‐to‐lymphocytes ratio alone is not sufficient for preoperative diagnosis of acute appendicitis and other CBC‐related parameters did not have good sensitivity and specificity. Further studies are therefore required in this area.
Analysis on flow structure and improvement of heat transfer in 3D circular tube with varying axial groove turbulator configurations
Authors: Al‐Obaidi Ahmed Ramadhan , Alhamid Jassim , Saleh Qasim 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUsing passive devices are an efficient method to enhance streamline behavior when liquid flows through the circular pipe. The interrupted structure groove is usually used to change the flow patterns. In this analysis, a heat performance numerical technique is applied to study the characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer of the circular pipe using different axial groove geometrical configurations with different axial groove numbers, including 2, 3, and 4, under different conditions. The number of annular grooves and circumferential positions are the important parameters to analyse with varying operating conditions, with the Reynolds number (Re) range from 1500 to 23,000. A three‐dimensional coordinate pipe system is applied using tetrahedron grids. The discretization equations are obtained by deriving algebraic approximations to integral conservation equations. Results observed that using this type of passive method has a low effect on pressure dope compared to the normal one (smooth pipe). The flow change occurs near and closed to the axial groove parameters. Moreover, the Nusselt number (Nu) value for the groove turbulators was higher than the normal one, about 14.5%–21%. The friction factor (f) value for the groove turbulators was higher than the normal one, were about 7.5%–24%. Most friction losses are caused by dynamical pressure dissipation owing to more viscous losses closed to the wall surfaces. The improvement of heat performance using this type of passing method was more than 1.2%.
Determining injection strategies of phosphorus‐coupled nitrogen fertigation based on clogging control of drip emitters with saline water application*
Authors: Wang Zhen , Li Jiusheng , Yang Xiaoqi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe beneficial effect of fertigation with acidic fertilizers to protect emitters from chemical and biological clogging might be inhibited by improper fertigation modes. An on‐site drip irrigation experiment was conducted to investigate the injection strategies of phosphorus (P)‐coupled nitrogen (N) fertigation and water salinity on clogging of emitters with plain channel and labyrinth structures. The results demonstrated that the H+ in acidic P fertilizer solutions inhibited the precipitation of carbonate and phosphate simultaneously. However, a weak acidic P fertilizer could no longer protect the emitters from clogging effectively under saline water with an electrical conductivity (EC) exceeding 2 dS m−1 because the phosphate sediments accounted for more than 80% of the total clogging substances. A strategy of applying a weak acidic phosphate fertilizer following N fertigation performs better in reducing emitter clogging than fertigation using N and phosphate fertilizers together. The target pH values were obtained as 6.0, 4.0, and 3.0 for protecting emitters from clogging for drip irrigation systems applying irrigation water with an EC of 0.5, 2.0, and 4.0 dS m−1, respectively. An optimal fertigation mode for emitter clogging control should consider water quality, type and pH value of fertilizer, and emitter type comprehensively.