bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula for Preventing Extubation Failure in Neonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Jia , Qiu Hongyan , Zheng Baihua , Jin Lu , Chen Jing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) is gaining popularity as a mode of respiratory support. We updated a meta-analysis examining the efficacy and safety of HHHFNC compared with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for infants. Methods: Literature searches were conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, OVID, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature, Weipu Journal, Wanfang, and CNKI databases up to December 2020. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of HHHFNC versus NCPAP in preventing extubation failure for infants were included. Results: A total of 13 RCTs research literatures involving 2395 infants were included in the Meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed the following results. (1) In terms of efficacy, there were no significant differences between two groups in the treatment failure rate (RR: 1.00, 95%CI: 0.73 to 1.36, P=0.99) and reintubation rate (RR: 0.86, 95%CI: 0.70 to 1.06, P=0.16). While in term of safety, HHHFNC had a significant advantage over NCPAP in reducing the incidence rates of nasal trauma (RR: 0.27, 95%CI: 0.13 to 0.56, P=0.0005) and frequent hemorrhoid (RR: 0.40, 95%CI: 0.23 to 0.70, P=0.001).(2) In terms of secondary outcome measures, there were no significant differences between two groups in hospital mortality rate and incidence rates of BPD, ROP, IVH and duration of reaching full enteral feeding(P>0.05). HHHFNC demonstrated lower incidence of NEC (RR: 0.65, 95%CI: 0.43 to 0.98, P=0.04) than NCPAP. Conclusion:this meta-analysis showed that HHHFNC appears to be similar to NCPAP in efficacy of preventing extubation failure in infants. It is associated with significantly lower odds of nasal trauma, frequent hemorrhoid and NEC.
Two new species of Amanita&nbsp;section Roanokenses&nbsp;with a radicating basal bulb
Authors: Zhong Juan , Li Gui-Wu , Pu Jin-Bao , Chen Zuo-Hong , Zhang Ping 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Two new species of Amanita sect. Roanokenses (Amanitaceae, Agaricales, Basidiomycota), Amanita alboradicata and A. fulvopyramis are proposed here on morphological and molecular evidence. The described and illustrated are based on morphological studies of collections from Jilin, Zhejiang and Hunan provinces in China. Nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1-α) sequences analyses supported establishment of these two new species and revealed their phylogenetic positions. Both new species possess long radicating basal bulbs. Amanita alboradicata is characterized by a white or dirty white pileus covered with angular warts. Amanita fulvopyramis is characterized by the brown orange to light brown, pyramidal to verrucose volval remnants on the pileus, and light brown to brown lamellae. Holotypes are deposited in the Mycological Herbarium of Hunan Normal University.
Exploring Polypharmacy Burden Among elderly patients with chronic diseases in Chinese community: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Yongli , Li Xiaodan , Jia Dongmei , Lin Beilei , Fu Bo , Qi Bei , Zhang Zhenxiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: In the long-term use of multiple medications for elderly patients with chronic diseases, medication problems are prominent, which seriously affects their quality of life. The burden of medications of patients plays a central role in affecting their medication beliefs, behaviors and disease outcomes. Paying attention to the burden of medications of patients may be a solution Its medication issues provide a new perspective. The objective was to use the Chinese version of Living with Medicines Questionnaire-3(C-LMQ-3) to quantify the medicines burden of elderly patients with chronic diseases in the Chinese community, and assess the relevant demographic characteristics of sub-populations with high medicines burden. Methods: The survey was distributed to elderly ≥60 years with chronic disease using ≥ 5 medicines, C-LMQ-3 scores and domain scores were compared by elderly patient characteristics using descriptive statistics and statistical tests. Results: A total of 430 responses were analyzed, the participants ranged in age between 60 to 91 years old, and the average age was 73.57 years (SD: 7.87). Most were female (61.7%), had a middle school education (38.5%). Moreover, 54.1% of the participants lived with spouse only, 16.2% with both spouse and children, and 10.0% lived alone. Regression analysis indicated that higher C-LMQ-3 scores were associated with those who were with low education level, 60–69 years-old, using ≥11 medicines, using medicines ≥3 times a day, Income per month(RMB)≤3000，and who having higher monthly self-paid medication(RMB)≥300 (p<0.01). Burden was mainly driven by cost-related burden, concerns about medicines, and the lack of autonomy over medicine regimens. Conclusion: Elderly patients with chronic diseases in mainland China have a heavy burden of multiple medications. Chinese health care providers should focus on evaluating and paying attention to such patients, and formulate relevant intervention strategies to ensure medication adherence and daily medication management of elderly patients with polypharmacy.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography as a Prediction Tool for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Isayev Abulfaz , Koval Svitlana , Velieva Nigiar , Isedisha Luljeta , Javed Mamoona , Kamburoğlu Kivanç 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective: To analyze the capability of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to accurately identify low bone mass density in women.Methods: A systematic search of Medline, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct was conducted to identify the relevant articles. A detailed inclusion and exclusion criterion was developed and implemented to screen the abstracts. Full texts of the selected studies were then evaluated to establish their inclusion or exclusion in our review. Cochrane risk of bias criterion was used to determine the methodological quality of the included studies. All relevant data were extracted, and the results were summarized narratively.Results: Ten studies met out inclusion-exclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. All of the included studies assessed primary research on the capacity of CBCT to accurately diagnose insufficient bone mineral density. The results indicated that CBCT has good sensitivity and specificity, and high accuracy in predicting osteoporosis. Four of the included studies measured qualitative values while others concentrated on quantitative values and found lower values in osteoporosis patients compared to osteopenic and healthy patients. All of these studies compared CBCT grayscale values with DEXA scores which strengthened our confidence in the accuracy of CBCT diagnostic capability.Conclusion: Given the common use of CBCT in dental practices and the high prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, the evidence on the capacity of CBCT to predict osteoporosis is somewhat finite. Although this systematic review provides good evidence regarding the ability of CBCT for predicting osteoporosis, further research is needed to confirm the evidence and enhance its generalisability.
Metabolomics Profiling of EUS-FNA Sample Predicts Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Prognosis
Authors: Chen Ke , Zhou Changming , He Yiping , Liu Jianqiang , Yang Xiujiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Effective anti-tumor medicine for individual cases with different prognosis risks is urgent for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) therapy. Metabolic therapy is a promising strategy for PAC. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is a suitable technique for the biopsy of pancreatic mass. Here, we first perform metabolome analysis with EUS-FNA samples to identify prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in advanced PAC.
Methods

PAC underwent EUS-FNA between October 2018 to March 2019 were enrolled. The cytological sample was delivered for liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS).
Results

A total of 60 advanced PAC with median survival of 390 days were enrolled for metabolome analysis, and 402 unique metabolites were identified. In multivariate analysis, a two-metabolite (cholesterol glucuronide and taurocholic acid 3-sulfate) risk score [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.983, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.362–2.887, p < 0.001] was constructed and proved to be independent predictors for overall survival. The C-index of the risk score was 0.64 (95% CI: 0.70–0.59). Patients in the high-risk and low-risk groups stratified by the risk score suffered different prognosis (median survival time 194 versus 480 days, p < 0.001). The area under the curve at 1 year was 0.685. The nomogram was depicted by combining the risk score with clinical parameters. The C-index was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.73–0.62). Finally, WGCNA identified three distinct modules and major enriched in glucose-alanine cycle and α-linolenic acid metabolism.
Conclusions

A two-metabolite risk score and nomogram with the ability to predict survival of PAC were generated. The two metabolites both showed an association with bile acid accumulation. The glucose-alanine cycle and α-linolenic acid metabolism were highly active in advanced PAC, which might be the target in future therapy.
Analysis of the left atrial function using two-dimensional strain in patients with recent diagnosis of hereditary hemochromatosis
Authors: Saad Ariel Karim , Aladio José Martín , Yamasato Florencia , Volberg Veronica Ines , Ballerga Esteban Gonzalez , Sorda Juan Antonio , Daruich Jorge , Hoz Ricardo Alfredo Perez de la 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHereditary Hemochromatosis (HH) is a genetic condition associated with a systemic iron overload. Heart failure is an important cause of mortality. It has been demonstrated early stages of systolic and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction in previous studies. The aim of the study is to compare the left atrial (LA) function between asymptomatic HH patients and a control group using 2D speckle tracking.MethodsProspective study. LA strain, LA strain rate and LA volumetric parameters during the reservoir, conduit and contraction phases were studied. The LA Stiffness Index was calculated by the ratio between E/e and LA reservoir strain.Results30 patients with HH (90% males, 47 ± 18 years old) and 30 healthy controls (85% males, 45 ± 13 years old) were included. LA volume was similar in both groups. No differences were observed in LA ejection fraction (EF), LA passive EF and LA active ejection fraction between both groups. On the contrary, the HH group had lower LA strain during the reservoir (31.5 ± 6.5% vs 38.3 ± 7.9%; p = 0.002), and conduit phases (-18 ± 7% vs -23.3 ± 6.4%; p = 0.01) and lower LA conduit strain rate (-1.7 ± 0.7 seg− 1 vs -2.1 ± 0.5 seg− 1; p = 0.02) than controls. The LA stiffness index was significantly higher in the HH group (0.25 ± 0.9 vs 0.19 ± 0.6; p = 0.01).ConclusionsEarly abnormalities in the LA function could be detected by using 2D speckle tracking study despite no evidence of changes in atrial size or volumetric parameters.
Physiological and Transcriptomic Responses of Antioxidant System and Nitrogen Metabolism in Tomato Roots Treated With Nitrogen Starvation and Re-Supply
Authors: Dong Yanyan , Wang Manqi , Wu Fanzhang , Yan Jinping , Li Kunzhi , Xu Huini 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the essential macronutrients that plays important roles in plant growth and development. To better understand the response of antioxidant system and N metabolism under N starvation and re-supply condition, physiological and transcriptomic analysis were performed in tomato roots. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents increased significantly in tomato seedlings after N starvation for 24 h. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), the ratio of ASA/DHA and GSH/GSSG, the NO3- contents, nitrate reductase (NR) activity were decreased after N starvation treatment and increased after N re-supply for 24 h. Compared with the control, 1766 genes were up-regulated and 2244 genes were down-regulated after N starvation in tomato. These differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are mainly enriched in functional items such as cellular process, metabolic process and catalytic activity. The KEGG pathways revealed that the DEGs were mainly involved in phenpropane biosynthesis, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and N metabolism. The expression patterns of tomato SlSOD, SlCAT, SlAPX, SlMDHAR, thioredoxin (SlTrxh), peroxiredoxin (SlPrx) and glutaredoxin (SlGrx) genes, and nitrate transporter SlNRT2.4, SlNR, glutamine synthetase (SlGS2), nitrite reductase (SlNiR) decreased after N starvation and increased after N re-supply, which were validated by qRT-PCR. Our results provide a basis for understanding the response of tomato to N deficiency and re-supply and a theoretical reference for cultivation regulation.
Antagonistic Effect on the Lethality of Earthworm (Eisenia Fetid L.) Being Exposed to Binary Mixtures of Metribuzin, Halosulfuron, and Flumioxazin
Authors: Kalkhoran Elham Samadi , Alebrahim Mohammad Taghi , Alebrahim Mohammad Taghi , Abad Hamid Reza Mohammaddust Chamn , Streibig Jens Carl , Ghavidel Ali 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Frequent use of herbicides might impose a risk for nontarget species, such as earthworms. The objective was to test the combined toxic effect of binary herbicide mixtures: metribuzin:halosulfuron and metribuzin: flumioxazin on a nontarget earthworm in two test systems. Two experiments on filter paper and two on artificial soil determined lethality and chronic toxicity on the earthworm. Results showed the flumioxazin had no high toxicity in contact filter paper test, with the lethal concentration (LC50) of 153.10 µg a.i cm-2 at 48 h. In the artificial soil test, flumioxazin LC10 was 0.65 mg a.i kg-1 on day 14. Metribuzin showed high toxicity to earthworms in the filter paper test with LC50 17.17 µg a.i cm-2 at 48 h but LC10 of metribuzin. Halosulfuron and metribuzin were highly toxic with LC10 value 0.24 and 0.47 mg a.i kg-1 on day 14. The herbicides' mixed effect showed in both test systems antagonistic effect, meaning that the mixtures retracted the herbicides' action in the earthworms relative to a Concentration Addition reference model. A chronic toxicity test showed that earthworm catalase was stimulated by metribuzin:halosulfuron (50:50%) and metribuzin (100%).
Molecular Docking Study of Bio-Inhibitors Extracted From Marine Macro Alga Ulva Fasciata Against Hemolysin Protein of luminescence Disease Causing Vibrio Harveyi
Authors: Sivakumar Krishnamoorthy , Kannappan Sudalayandi , Vijayakumar Balakrishnan , Poochirian Jithendran Karingalakkandy , Balasubramanian Sivamani , Akshaya Panigraghi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Shrimp grow-out and hatchery systems are being affected by bacterial disease particularly Vibrios. The use of chemotherapeutic agents in aquaculture practices has to lead to the development of resistance among aquatic bacteria. Thus, health management becomes of major importance in aquaculture. Under this situation, progressing bio-inhibitors from marine resources are most appropriate to be considered against pathogenic bacteria. Molecular docking is an appropriate tool in structural biology and computer-assisted drug design to predict and neutralize a target protein of known diseases. In this study, marine macroalga Ulva fasciata was aimed at developing inhibitors against luminescence disease-causing pathogenic bacteria Vibrio harveyi. U. fasciata was collected from the intertidal zone of Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India. Extract of U. fasciata was tested against growth and virulence factors of V. harveyi during Penaeus monodon larviculture. For molecular docking, the homology modeling of virulence of hemolysin protein of V. harveyi was designed and used for docking studies against the compounds of U. fasciata as identified by GC-MS analysis. Extract of U. fasciata@200 mg mL-1 had exhibited reductions on Cumulative Percentage of Mortality (32.40%) in postlarvae against the challenge of V. harveyi infection. In docking analysis, the bio-inhibitor Methyl dehydroabietate showed the highest binding affinity among compounds docked. Statistical analysis had revealed significant differences (p<0.05) in trials. Therefore, it was proved that the bio-inhibitors from U. fasciata will be a better option for controlling luminescence disease-causing V. harveyi in shrimp grow-out practices.
Transcriptomic Profiling of Synovial Sarcoma Reveals Novel Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Abnormalities
Authors: Sun Zhengwang , Xu Qiyue , Huang Quan , Yin Mengchen , Zhang Hongqiang , Chen Geng , Chen Yong , Yan Wangjun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSynovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare type of cancer but relatively common in soft tissue tumors. The transcriptome landscape of SS is crucial for understanding the SS biology; however, the transcriptomic profile of SS is still poorly understood.MethodsHere we collected 10 paired SS and adjacent normal tissues, and then performed deeply total RNA sequencing to systematically dissect the transcriptomic changes of SS in terms of differential expression, alternative splicing, gene fusion, and circular RNAs. ResultsBy comparing SS with adjacent normal tissues, we identified 2309 upregulated and downregulated genes in SS. Those upregulated genes could lead to the upregulation of cell cycle, ribosome, and DNA replication pathways, while the downregulated genes may result in the downregulation of a set of metabolic biological processes and signaling pathways. Moreover, 2511 genes (including 21 splicing factors) were differentially alternative spliced, indicating that the deregulation of alternative splicing could be one important factor contributes to the tumorigenesis. Additionally, we not only detected the common fusion events of SS18-SSX1/SSX2 in SS, but also uncovered 11 novel gene fusions. Interestingly, 49 circular RNAs (circRNAs) were differentially expressed and their parental genes could function in muscle contraction and muscle system processes. Interaction network reconstruction and exploration revealed that these differentially expressed circRNAs may function as the miRNA sponge to regulate the expression of an abundance of differentially expressed and alternatively spliced genes. ConclusionsCollectively, our results provide novel insights into the transcriptome and underlying mechanism of SS, which could benefit the diagnosis and treatment of SS.
A Comparative Analysis of Relationship Between Innovation and Transport Sector Carbon Emissions in Developed and Developing Mediterranean Countries
Authors: Çakar Nigar Demircan , Gedikli Ayfer , Erdoğan Seyfettin , Yıldırım Durmuş Çağrı 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Innovation technologies have been recognized as an efficient solution to alleviate carbon emissions stem from transport sector. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of innovation on carbon emissions stemming from the transportation sector in the Mediterranean countries. Based on the available data, Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, and Turkey are selected as the 8 developing countries; and Cyprus, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Spain are selected as the 6 developed countries and included in the analysis. Due to data constraints, the analysis period has been determined as 1997-2017 for the developing Mediterranean countries, and 2003-2017 for the developed Mediterranean countries. After determining the long-term relationship with the panel cointegration method, we obtained the long-term coefficients with FMOLS and DOLS methods. The empirical test results indicated that the increments in the level of innovation in developing countries have a negative impact on carbon emissions due to transportation if the innovation results from an increase in patents. However, the trademark increase does not have a statistically significant effect on carbon emissions. In developed countries, it is observed that both the patent application increases and the trademark increases have a positive effect on carbon emissions.
Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Xiao Jing , Lv Jingyi , Wang Shiyu , Zhou Yang , Chen Lunwen , Lu Juying , Zhang Xiaoyi , Wang Xiaojian , Gu Yunjuan , Lu Qingyun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Vitamin D deficiency is common around the world, but the association between vitamin D deficiency with metabolic syndrome and its associated diseases is unclear.Methods: A subset of 2393 participants from the Nantong Chronic Diseases Study (NCDS) of 2017-2018 were included in this study.The risk of MS and its associated diseases from low vitamin D levels were assessed by genetic scores using two 25(OH)D synthesis single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (DHCR7-rs12785878 and CYP2R1-rs10741657), one transport SNP (GC-rs2282679) and one catabolism SNP (CYP24A1-rs6013897).Results: Odds Ratios (ORs) for decreased risk of MS and type 2 diabetes (T2D) was 0.73 and 0.79 in the deficient, 0.53 and 0.67 in the insufficient, and 0.54 and 0.60 in the sufficient categories of serum vitamin D levels, respectively. Mendelian randomization analysis showed per 25nmol/L higher genetically instrumented serum 25(OH)D concentration using the two synthesis SNPs: DHCR7+CYP2R1 genes, associated with a 7% lower risk of T2D. The highest tertile vs the lowest tertile of genetic scores using the three SNPs of DHCR7+CYP2R1+GC genes showed a 10% lower risk of T2D. Also, the group with higher genetic scores among these two and three SNPs were both associated with lower risk of abnormal diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P=0.0162 and 0.0045 respectively).Conclusions: Our Mendelian randomization analysis showed no genetic evidence for a causal role of lower vitamin D level in the development of MS, but showed a causal role in the development of T2D and DBP in middle-aged and elderly participants from rural China.
Analysis of the Poverty Reduction Effect of Medical Security on Poverty Caused by Illness of the Middle-aged and Elderly Poor People in Rural China
Authors: Liu Li , Deng Jing , YU Xue , CHEN Ailing , LIU Rui , CHENG Peihua 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background The Chinese government has adopted a series of medical security policies to reduce health poverty. This study analyzes the poverty caused by illness (PCI) of the middle-aged and elderly poor population (MAEPP) in rural China, and simulates the poverty reduction effect (PRE) of medical security on medical expenses. Methods The FGT index is used to measure the PCI of the MAEPP in eastern, central, and western regions of China before and after medical security compensation, and further simulate the PRE of medical security under different compensation ratios. Results The rural MAEPP in the eastern, central and western regions have different levels of PCI. The eastern region is higher than that in the central and western regions; the expenditure-based poverty caused by outpatient expenses is higher than the cost of hospitalization and self-treatment, and the self-treatment burden of the poor is large; The higher the compensation rate of medical security, the better the effect of poverty reduction. Conclusions Medical security has played a positive role in improving poverty. The PRE of medical security policies in different regions are different, and outpatient compensation in medical security has a better effect on poverty reduction.