bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for thyroid hormone replacement therapy after hemithyroidectomy and development of a predictive nomogram
Authors: Cao Zhen , Liu Rui , Wu Mengwei , Xu Xiequn , Liu Ziwen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Hemithyroidectomy is a valid operation to retain functional contralateral thyroid lobe that is indicated for a variety of thyroid diseases. This study aimed at determination of the risk factors for thyroid hormone replacement following hemithyroidectomy and to develop a predictive nomogram.
Methods
Data of patients treated by hemithyroidectomy for benign thyroid disease between January 2015 and January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline characteristics, surgery-related variables, and preoperative and postoperative thyroid function of patients were collected from the case records and compared between patients with postoperative euthyroidism and patients with postoperative hypothyroidism. Postoperative euthyroidism patients without thyroid hormone replacement were compared to those who developed postoperative hypothyroidism with thyroid hormone replacement. The factors associated with thyroid hormone replacement were used to construct a binomial logistic-regression model and visualized as a predictive nomogram to evaluate the risk of thyroid hormone replacement following hemithyroidectomy.
Results
Of the 378 patients (74% female) included in the study, 110 (29.1%) developed postoperative hypothyroidism. Preoperative serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) > 2.172 µIU/mL was identified as an independent risk factor for postoperative hypothyroidism (odds ratio [OR] = 8.02; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.87-13.20; P < 0.001). Of 110 patients with postoperative hypothyroidism, 56 (50.9%) received thyroid hormone replacement. Unilateral thyroid nodule and preoperative serum TSH > 2.172 µIU/mL were independent predictors of postoperative thyroid hormone replacement (P = 0.01, and P < 0.001, respectively). Temporary subclinical hypothyroidism occurred in 12 patients; all 12 reverted to euthyroid state without thyroid hormone replacement. The discriminative effect of the binomial regression model was proved reliable by the Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (P = 0.856), and predictive ability of the nomogram was satisfactory with a C-index of 0.85.
Conclusion
Hypothyroidism is common after hemithyroidectomy, and almost half of the patients will need thyroid hormone replacement. Elevated preoperative serum TSH level and unilateral thyroid nodule were independent predictors of thyroid hormone replacement following hemithyroidectomy. The predictive nomogram could be a useful tool for clinical practice.
New Copper (II) Isomer Based on 8-aminoquinoline Ligand: Synthesis, Molecular Structure, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis and Computational Study.
Authors: Setifi Zouaoui , Ferjani Hela , Smida Youssef Ben , Jelsch Christian , Setifi Fatima , Glidewell Christopher , Hela Ferjani 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Crystal-Field Mediated Electronic Transitions of EuS up to 35 GPa
Authors: Monteseguro Virginia , Barreda-Argüeso Jose Antonio , Ruiz-Fuertes Javier , Rosa Angelika , Meyerheim Holger L. , Irifune Tetsuo , Rodriguez Fernando 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
An advanced experimental and theoretical model to explain the correlation between the electronic and local structure of Eu2+ in two different environments within a same compound, EuS, is presented. EuX monochalcogenides (X: O, S, Se, Te) exhibit anomalies in all their properties around 14 GPa with a semiconductor to metal transition. Although it is known that these changes are related to the 4f75d0 → 4f65d1 electronic transition, no consistent model of the pressure-induced modifications of the electronic structure currently exists. We show, by optical and x-ray absorption spectroscopy, and by ab initio calculations up to 35 GPa, that the pressure evolution of the crystal field plays a major role in triggering the observed electronic transitions from semiconductor to the half-metal and finally to the metallic state.
Performance and Feeding Behavior of Holstein and Holstein × Gyr Crossbred Heifers Grazing Temperate Forages
Authors: Abreu Marcelo B. , Cunha Camila S. , Costa João H.C. , Miller-Cushon Emily K. , Rotta Polyana P. , Machado Andreia F. , Morais Valber C.L. , Marcondes Marcos Inácio 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the difference between Holstein and Holstein x Gyr breeds on feeding behavior and performance of heifers grazing temperate pasture. The experiment was carried out in 89 days, split into 14 days of adaptation and 3 periods of 25 days. Two treatments were used: Holstein (HOL; n = 7) and Holstein × Gyr (HG; n = 7). Heifers grazed a consortium of ryegrass and Bristle Oats and were supplemented individually daily with corn meal at 0.33% of body weight plus 5 kg/d of corn silage. For 3 consecutive days, feeding behavior was observed for individual animals from direct visual observation recording at 10 min intervals. The digestibility trial was performed on d16 to d24 of each period. Body measurements and weight were taken at d0 and at d23, 24, and 25 of each period. Grazing duration, grazing frequency, and bite rate were greater for HOL than HG. Rumination characteristics, intake, digestibility, body measurements were not affected by breed. Breeds had differences in grazing characteristics, but it did not influence performance or intake parameters. Therefore, HOL and HG heifers managed under temperate pasture in tropical countries have similar performance.
A Simple and Interpretable Severe Intraventricular Hemorrhage Prediction Model for Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants Using Machine Learning
Authors: Matsushita Felipe Yu , Krebs Vera Lúcia Jornada , de Carvalho Werther Brunow 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Severe intraventricular hemorrhage (sIVH) is a catastrophic event with serious neurocognitive impairment in preterm infants. Because sIVH is a complex multifactorial disease, determining which patients require special attention to prevent sIVH is challenging. This study aimed to evaluate an easy interpretable decision-tree model to identify extremely preterm infants with a higher risk of severe intraventricular hemorrhage. All infants admitted to a single-center tertiary intensive care unit in São Paulo, Brazil, from 2012 to 2017, with a birth weight less than 1000 grams and at least one cranial ultrasound after three days of life were included. The association of risk factors with sIVH was assessed using logistic regression. Univariate analysis, stepwise logistic regression, correlation matrix, Boruta, and XGBoost were used to select features. In this single-center, retrospective cohort of 190 extremely low birth weight infants, the mean gestational age was 27.5 (2.2) weeks and the mean birth weight was 748 (161) grams. A total of forty-two newborns (22.1%) developed severe intraventricular hemorrhage. Machine learning tools identified three features (pH, base excess, and gestational age) that predict severe intraventricular hemorrhage with an AUC of 0.857. Low pH levels appear to be a key factor in identifying the great majority of cases that require additional attention. Conclusions: We suggest a simple and interpretable decision-tree model to promptly identify extremely low birth weight infants at the highest risk of severe intraventricular hemorrhage.
Alterations in Pain Processing Circuitries in Episodic Migraine
Authors: Mungoven Tiffani J. , Marciszewski Kasia K. , Macefield Vaughan G. , Macey Paul M. , Henderson Luke , Meylakh Noemi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe precise underlying mechanisms of migraine remain unknown. Although we have previously shown acute orofacial pain evoked changes within the brainstem of individuals with migraine, we do not know if these brainstem alterations are driven by changes in higher cortical regions. The aim of this investigation is to extend our previous investigation to determine if higher brain centers display altered activation patterns and connectivity in migraineurs during acute orofacial noxious stimuli. MethodsFunctional magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 29 healthy controls and 25 migraineurs during the interictal and immediately (within 24-hours) prior to migraine phases. We assessed activation of higher cortical areas during noxious orofacial stimulation and assessed whole scan and pain-related changes in connectivity. ResultsDespite similar overall pain intensity ratings between all three groups, migraineurs in the group immediately prior to migraine displayed greater activation of the ipsilateral nucleus accumbens, the contralateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and two clusters in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Reduced whole scan connectivity dlPFC [Z+44] connectivity with cortical/subcortical and brainstem regions involved in pain modulation such as the putamen and primary motor cortex was demonstrated in migraineurs. Pain-related changes in connectivity of the dlPFC and the hypothalamus immediately prior to migraine was also found to be reduced with brainstem pain modulatory areas such as the rostral ventromedial medulla and dorsolateral pons. ConclusionsThese data reveal that the modulation of brainstem pain modulatory areas by higher cortical regions may be aberrant during pain and these alterations in this descending pain modulatory pathway manifests exclusively prior to the development of a migraine attack.
Development of a Framework for the Implementation of Synchronous Digital Mental Health: A Realist Synthesis of Systematic Reviews
Authors: Villarreal-Zegarra David , Alarcon-Ruiz Christoper A. , Melendez-Torres GJ , Torres-Puente Roberto , Navarro-Flores Alba , Cavero Victoria , Ambrosio-Melgarejo Juan , Rojas-Vargas Jefferson , Almeida Guillermo , Albitres-Flores Leonardo , Romero-Cabrera Alejandra B. , Huarcaya-Victoria Jeff 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The use of technologies has served to reduce gaps in access to treatment and digital health interventions show promise in the care of mental health problems. However, to understand what and how these interventions work, it's imperative to document the aspects related to their challenging implementation. Methods: The SPIDER framework was used to develop the following review question: What makes digital mental health interventions with a synchronous component work on people with mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, or stress, based on implementation, economic, quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies? MEDLINE, EBM Reviews, PsycINFO, EMBASE, SCOPUS, CINAHL Complete, and Web of Science databases from 1st January 2015 to September 2020 were searched with no language restriction. AMSTAR-2 was used to assess the risk of bias, and CERQual was used to assess the confidence in cumulative evidence. Realist synthesis analysis allowed for developing a framework on the implementation of synchronous digital mental health using a grounded theory approach with an emergent approach.Results: 21 systematic reviews were included in the study. Ninety percent of the studies presented a critically low confidence level assessed with the AMSTAR-2. The realist synthesis allowed the development of three hypotheses to identify the context and mechanisms in which these interventions achieve these outcomes: Hypothesis 1: These interventions reach populations otherwise unable to have access because they do not require the physical presence of the therapist nor the patient, thereby tackling geographic barriers posed by in-person therapy. Hypothesis 2: These interventions reach populations otherwise unable to have access because they can be successfully delivered by non-specialists, which makes them more cost-effective to implement in health services. Hypothesis 3: These interventions are acceptable and show good results in satisfaction, because they require less need of disclosure and provide more privacy, comfortability, and participation, enabling the establishment of rapport with the therapist.Conclusion: We developed a framework with three hypotheses that explain what makes digital mental health interventions with a synchronous component work on people with mental health problems. Each hypothesis represented essential outcomes in the implementation process.Registration: PROSPERO (CRD420203811).
Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Swiss French Version of Older People’s Quality Of Life Questionnaire (OPQOL-35-SF)
Authors: Carrard Sophie , Mooser Claudia , Hilfiker Roger , Hager Anne-Gabrielle Mittaz 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The proportion of older people aged more than 65 years old is continuously increasing in the world population. The quality of life is an important factor in their biopsychosocial handling. The questionnaire “Older People’s Quality of Life-35” (OPQOL-35) has been specially developed for the assessment of the senior’s quality of life. The aim of this study is to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the transcultural Swiss French version of the OPQOL-35 questionnaire (OPQOL-35-SF). Method: Forward-backward procedure was applied to translate the original questionnaire from English into Swiss French. Then, a sample of older people completed the questionnaire. The construct validity was evaluated by comparing the results of the OPQOL-35-SF with the scores of three other questionnaires (WHOQOL-OLD, CASP-12 and EQ-5D-5L) and two visual analogue scales (health and quality of life). The questionnaire’s structure has been assessed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The OPQOL-35-SF questionnaire was submitted a second time after 7 to 23 days to evaluate the reliability. Results: 264 older people completed all the questionnaires once and 262 the OPQOL-35-SF a second time. The mean age of participants was 76.8 (SD = 7.1). Most of them were women (73,9%). KMO is of 0.86 and the Bartlett’s test of sphericity is significant (p<0.001). The result of EFA shows 8 factors with eigenvalues greater than one, which explained 58% of the observed variance. All the items have a significant impact (<0.30) in at least one factor. The convergent validity presents low to moderate correlations (rho: 0.384-0.663). Internal consistency is good with a Cronbach’s alpha at 0.875 for test and at 0.902 for retest. Test-retest reliability presents an ICC2.1 at 0.83 (IC 0.78 to 0.87). Conclusion: The Swiss French version of the questionnaire OPQOL-35 shows psychometric properties which permit its use in the clinical practice or for research purposes. A supplementary sample would be necessary for a better repartition of the items in the different factors.
A Metagenomics Method for the Quantitative Detection of Pathogens Causing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Authors: HAUSER Sébastien , Lazarevic Vladimir , Tournoud Maud , Ruppé Etienne , Allexant Emmanuelle Santiago , Guigon Ghislaine , Schicklin Stephane , LANET Veronique , Girard Myriam , Mirande-Meunier Caroline , Gervasi Gaspard , Schrenzel Jacques 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The management of ventilator-associated and hospital-acquired pneumonia requires rapid and accurate quantitative detection of the infecting pathogen(s). To do it, we propose a metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) assay that includes an internal sample processing control (SPC) for the quantitative detection of 20 relevant bacterial species of interest (SOI) from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples.
Results
To avoid very major errors in identification of respiratory pathogens due to “false negative” cases, each sample was spiked with Bacillus subtilis, at a precisely defined concentration, using rehydrated BioBall®. This SPC ensured detection and quantification of the pathogen(s) at defined minimum concentrations. In the presented mNGS workflow, absolute quantification of Staphylococcus aureus was as accurate as quantitative PCR. We defined a metagenomics threshold at 5.3E+3 genome equivalent unit per milliliter of the sample for each SOI, to distinguish colonization from higher amounts of pathogens that may be associated with infection. Complete mNGS process and metrics were assessed on 40 clinical samples, showing 100 % sensitivity compared to microbial culture. However, 19 out of the 29 (66 %) SOI detections above the metagenomics threshold were not associated with bacterial growth above classical culture-based clinical thresholds. Taxonomic classification of 7 (37 %) of these “false positive” detections were confirmed by finding specific 16S/MetaPhlAn2 markers, the 12 other (63 %) “false positive” detections did not yield enough reads to check their taxonomic classification.
Conclusions
Our SPC design and analytical workflow allowed efficient detection and absolute quantification of pathogens from BAL samples, even when the bacterial DNA quantity was largely below manufacturer’s recommendations for NGS. The frequent "false positive" detection suggested the presence of non culturable cells within the tested BAL samples. Finally, mNGS detected mixed infections including bacterial species that were not reported by routine cultures.
Exosomal lncRNA SHNG7 Promotes High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Progression and Function As ceRNA to Target Notch1 By Sponging miR-34a-5p
Authors: Cui Jing , Lu Xue , Gu Weiting , Yuan Cunzhong , Zhang Hui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Serous ovarian cancer, especially high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) has a high mortality rate, and its five-year survival rate is only 30%. The reason for the difficulty in diagnosis and treatment is that the origin and pathogenic mechanism of HGSOC are still poorly understood. In this study, we tried to explore the molecular mechanism of lncRNA SHNG7 in regulating proliferation, invasion and migration in HGSOC. The expression of lncRNA SHNG7 was upregulated in cancer tissues, and was closely correlated with poor outcomes. LncRNA SHNG7 promoted cell proliferation, invasion, migration and influenced the cell cycle of cancer cell lines. Furthermore, lncRNA SHNG7 could function as competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) via directly sponging of microRNA-34a-5p, which further regulating the expression of Notch 1. Moreover, lncRNA SHNG7 could be carried by exosomes and the exosomal lncRNA SHNG7 promoted angiopoiesis. Taken together, our results proved that lncRNA SHNG7 could function as ceRNA and contribute to HGSOC progression, which provided a novel prognostic and therapeutic marker for HGSOC.
Ursodeoxycholic Acid Exhibits Anti-inflammatory Activity against Concanavalin A-induced Immune Hepatitis in Mice
Authors: Ji Guixian , Liu Man , Zhou Yi , Zhong Weilong , Wang Xiaoyi , Chu Hongyu , Liu Xin , Maimaitiaili Maimaitiabudu , Wang Bangmao , Zhou Lu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveIt was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on concanavalin A (ConA)-induced immune hepatitis in mice and determine the molecular mechanism. MethodsFemale C57BL/6J mice were randomly classified into Control, ConA, and ConA+UDCA groups. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were measured. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to detect the expression of hepatic inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and receptor-interacting protein (RIP)3 mRNA. The percentages of immune cells in liver and spleen were detected and analyzed by flow cytometry. ResultsUDCA decreased the serum ALT and AST levels, down-regulated the expression of cytokine TNF-α mRNA and necroptosis marker RIP3 mRNA in the liver tissue, up-regulated the percentages of immunomodulatory myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in liver and spleen tissues, and down-regulated the accumulation of liver macrophages of mice with immune hepatitis. ConclusionsUDCA attenuates ConA-induced hepatic inflammation in mice by reducing the production of hepatic inflammatory factors, inhibiting the expression of necroptosis signal proteins in hepatocytes, down-regulating the accumulation of hepatic macrophages, and increasing the percentage of MDSCs with immunomodulatory properties.
The Common Targeted Organ in Zebrafish Embryos Exposed to Eight Toxic Chemicals
Authors: Gao Yongfei , Yang Pengyuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos are widely used in toxicity tests, especially in investigations on chlorinated or brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and metals. A key challenge in environmental risk assessment (ERA) is how to clarify the same or different sites of toxic action in a species after exposure to the individual chemicals or chemical mixtures and further provide the common toxic sites or organs for risk assessment of chemical mixtures. In this study, zebrafish embryo was used to evaluate the sublethal toxicity (gas bladder damage) of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate (TBC), Chlorinated paraffins (CPs), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), and Cu, Cd, Pb, Ag, Zn, and corresponding sublethal molecular levels (and inflammation-related enzymes [deiodinase (DIO) enzymes]) in fish through optical microscopy methods. The tested chemicals all caused failed inflation of the gas bladder, as indicated by activity inhibition of type 2 iodothyroxine deiodinase enzyme. We put up with the common targeted sites or organs for further studying the toxic mechanisms underlying the chemical mixtures.
Relationships of First Trimester Body Mass Index and Weight Change with Persistent Organic Pollutants Concentrations in Canadian Pregnant Women
Authors: Levesque Marianne , Ouedraogo Mariame O. , Fakhraei Romina , Harvey Alysha L.J. Dingwall , Bratton Elizabeth , Walker Mark C. , Dodds Linda , Gaudet Laura M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are toxic chemicals with demonstrable effects on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. The associations of early pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and antenatal weight changes with circulating POP concentrations are poorly understood in the Canadian context. The objective of this study is thus to examine the relationships between first trimester maternal BMI, weight change from pre-pregnancy to 6-13 weeks of pregnancy (early gestational weight change), and first trimester plasma POP concentrations among Canadian pregnant women.
Methods

We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected as part of the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study. We determined the POP concentrations across first trimester BMI category (underweight/normal weight, overweight, class I & II obese, and class III obese) and early gestational weight change categories (weight loss, weight neutral/gain) and tested for overall differences using Kruskal-Wallis tests. Associations between first trimester maternal BMI and early gestational weight changes with the plasma concentrations of 41 POPs measured in the first trimester were further evaluated using unadjusted and adjusted censored regression models.
Results

Eleven of 41 POPs were detectable in at least 50% of the MIREC participants and could be analyzed for their relationships with first trimester BMI and weight change. The majority of POPs were inversely associated with first trimester BMI after controlling for the main confounding variables. Although not statistically significant, POP plasma concentrations tended to be generally higher in participants who lost weight compared to those who gained weight or whose weight stayed relatively stable from pre-pregnancy into the first trimester.
Conclusions

Our findings lend support to the hypothesis that pregnant women with obesity may have higher bioaccumulation of POPs within their adipose tissues than normal weight pregnant women. Additionally, early gestational weight loss appears to be associated with the highest circulating POP levels. Future studies should focus on the effect of weight changes on POPs concentrations across trimesters.