bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of reservoir sands using 3D seismic attributes in the coastal swamp area of Niger Delta Basin
Authors: Olaleye Oluwatoyin Khadijat , Enikanselu Pius Adekunle , Ayuk Michael Ayuk 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHydrocarbon accumulation and production within the Niger Delta Basin are controlled by varieties of geologic features guided by the depositional environment and tectonic history across the basin. In this study, multiple seismic attribute transforms were applied to three-dimensional (3D) seismic data obtained from “Reigh” Field, Onshore Niger Delta to delineate and characterize geologic features capable of harboring hydrocarbon and identifying hydrocarbon productivity areas within the field. Two (2) sand units were delineated from borehole log data and their corresponding horizons were mapped on seismic data, using appropriate check-shot data of the boreholes. Petrophysical summary of the sand units revealed that the area is characterized by high sand/shale ratio, effective porosity ranged from 16 to 36% and hydrocarbon saturation between 72 and 92%. By extracting attribute maps of coherence, instantaneous frequency, instantaneous amplitude and RMS amplitude, characterization of the sand units in terms of reservoir geomorphological features, facies distribution and hydrocarbon potential was achieved. Seismic attribute results revealed (1) characteristic patterns of varying frequency and amplitude areas, (2) major control of hydrocarbon accumulation being structural, in terms of fault, (3) prospective stratigraphic pinch-out, lenticular thick hydrocarbon sand, mounded sand deposit and barrier bar deposit. Seismic Attributes analysis together with seismic structural interpretation revealed prospective structurally high zones with high sand percentage, moderate thickness and high porosity anomaly at the center of the field. The integration of different seismic attribute transforms and results from the study has improved our understanding of mapped sand units and enhanced the delineation of drillable locations which are not recognized on conventional seismic interpretations.
Detection of candidate gene networks involved in resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soybean
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wang Yuexing , Zhou Wanying , Zheng Shimao , Ye Runzhou 
Published: September 2021

AbstractQuantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping often yields associations with dissimilar loci/genes as a consequence of diverse factors. One trait for which very limited agreement between mapping studies has been observed is resistance to white mold in soybean. To explore whether different approaches applied to a single data set could lead to more consistent results, haplotype-trait association and epistasis interaction effects were explored as a complement to a more conventional marker-trait analysis. At least 10 genomic regions were significantly associated with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum resistance in soybean, which have not been previously reported. At a significance level of α = 0.05, haplotype-trait association showed that the most prominent signal originated from a haplotype with 4-SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) on chromosome 17, and single SNP-trait analysis located a nucleotide polymorphism at position rs34387780 on chromosome 3. All of the peak-SNPs (p-value < 0.05) of each chromosome also appeared in their respective haplotypes. Samples with extreme phenotypes were singled-out for association studies, 25–30% from each end of the phenotypic spectrum appeared in the present investigation to be the most appropriate sample size. Some key genes were identified by epistasis interaction analysis. By combining information on the nearest positional genes indicated that most loci have not been previously reported. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses suggest potential candidate genes underlying callose deposition in the cell wall and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-plant, as well as plant-pathogen interaction pathway, were activated. Integration of multi-method genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed novel genomic regions and promising candidate genes in novel regions, which include Glyma.01g048500, Glyma.03g129100, Glyma.17g072200, and the Dishevelled (Dvl) family of proteins on chromosomes 1, 3, 17, and 20, respectively.
Interval maximum likelihood inversion for well logging data and statistical properties of estimated parameters
Authors: Balázs László 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDuring the conventional petrophysical interpretation fixed (predefined) zone parameters are applied for every interpretation zone (depth intervals). Their inclusion in the inversion process requires the extension of a likelihood function for the whole zone. This allows to define the extremum problem for fitting the parameter set to the full interval petrophysical model of the layers crossed by the well, both for the parameters associated with the depth points (e.g. porosity, saturations, rock matrix composition etc.) and for the zone parameters (e.g. formation water resistivity, cementation factor etc.). In this picture the parameters form a complex coupled and correlated system. Even the local parameters associated with different depths are coupled through the zone parameter change. In this paper, the statistical properties of the coupled parameter system are studied which fitted by the Interval Maximum Likelihood (ILM) method. The estimated values of the parameters are coupled through the likelihood function and this determines the correlation between them.
The Cyberball task in people after obesity surgery: preliminary evaluation of cognitive effects of social inclusion and exclusion with a laboratory task
Authors: Meneguzzo Paolo , Tenconi Elena , Collantoni Enrico , Longobardi Gloria , Zappalà Adele , Vindigni Vincenzo , Favaro Angela , Pavan Chiara 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Social cognition and temperamental and interpretative styles could play a role in the outcome of bariatric surgery. This study aims to assess preliminary evidence about how obesity surgery patients evaluate social inclusion and exclusion through a ball-tossing game called Cyberball, looking at the influence of early maladaptive schemas.

Methods
Thirty-four patients with a history of obesity surgery interventions and 44 controls were recruited for this study. A psychological evaluation was performed before and after the Cyberball task with self-report questionnaires.

Results
In the ostracism condition, significant differences were seen across all the patients’ fundamental psychological needs with less perceived ostracization (p = 0.001) even if they recognized less interaction via fewer ball tosses than controls. Moreover, the ostracism paradigm resulted in patients experiencing a higher urge to binge (p = 0.010) and a higher urge to restrain (p = 0.012) than controls. Looking at differences due to the Cyberball paradigm applied, clear differences emerged only between controls subgroups at the specific self-report scales applied, corroborating the reduced perception of the exclusion. As evidenced by the schema domains, the study found a connection between the impaired limits-schema domain and the drive to binge.

Conclusion
The results show that obesity surgery patients reported different effects of the Cyberball task than controls. Different possible interpretations are discussed, and future directions for studies are exposed, both for the evaluation of social interactions effects and in the assessment of the role of specific cognitive schemas.

Level of evidence
Level III: evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytic studies.
An Introduction to Current Trends in Meat Microbiology and Hygiene
Authors: Johler Sophia , Guldimann Claudia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This editorial review aims to provide readers with an introduction to the Current Clinical Microbiology Report Special Issue “Meat Microbiology and Hygiene.” It will provide an overview of overarching trends and developments in this field, introduce the articles presented in this Special Issue, and attempt to offer a glimpse into the future of meat microbiology and hygiene.

Recent Findings
Meat production has been subjected to transformative changes within the last decade, and the focus of assuring meat safety has shifted to account for changing consumer demands as well as new microbial risks such as strains carrying antimicrobial resistance determinants.

Summary
Assuring that meat products meet high safety standards remains crucial to consumers worldwide. New risk-based meat safety assurance systems leveraging latest technological advances are needed to protect consumers and promote public health.
Reversible Zn2+ Insertion in Tungsten Ion-Activated Titanium Dioxide Nanocrystals for Electrochromic Windows
Authors: Liang Yi , Cao Sheng , Wei Qilin , Zeng Ruosheng , Zhao Jialong , Li Haizeng , Yu William W. , Zou Bingsuo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractZinc-anode-based electrochromic devices (ZECDs) are emerging as the next-generation energy-efficient transparent electronics. We report anatase W-doped TiO2 nanocrystals (NCs) as a Zn2+ active electrochromic material. It demonstrates that the W doping in TiO2 highly reduces the Zn2+ intercalation energy, thus triggering the electrochromism. The prototype ZECDs based on W-doped TiO2 NCs deliver a high optical modulation (66% at 550 nm), fast spectral response times (9/2.7 s at 550 nm for coloration/bleaching), and good electrochemical stability (8.2% optical modulation loss after 1000 cycles).
Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in the Internet of Things Era
Authors: Pang Jinbo , Bachmatiuk Alicja , Yang Feng , Liu Hong , Zhou Weijia , Rümmeli Mark H. , Cuniberti Gianaurelio 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The post-Moore's era has boosted the progress in carbon nanotube-based transistors. Indeed, the 5G communication and cloud computing stimulate the research in applications of carbon nanotubes in electronic devices. In this perspective, we deliver the readers with the latest trends in carbon nanotube research, including high-frequency transistors, biomedical sensors and actuators, brain–machine interfaces, and flexible logic devices and energy storages. Future opportunities are given for calling on scientists and engineers into the emerging topics.
Review of the shadow-test approach to adaptive testing
Authors: van der Linden Wim J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractConstrained adaptive testing is reviewed as an instance of discrete maximization with the shadow-test approach delivering its solution. The approach may look counterintuitive in that it assumes sequential assembly of full test forms as its basic operation. But it always produces real-time solutions that are optimal and satisfy the set of specifications in effect for the test. Equally importantly, it can be used to run testing programs with different degrees of adaptation for the same set of specifications and/or as a tool to manage programs with simultaneous processes as adaptive item calibration, time management, and/or item-security monitoring.
The simple regularities in the dynamics of online news impact
Authors: Medo Matúš , Mariani Manuel S. , Lü Linyuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOnline news can quickly reach and affect millions of people, yet we do not know yet whether there exist potential dynamical regularities that govern their impact on the public. We use data from two major news outlets, BBC and New York Times, where the number of user comments can be used as a proxy of news impact. We find that the impact dynamics of online news articles does not exhibit popularity patterns found in many other social and information systems. In particular, we find that a simple exponential distribution yields a better fit to the empirical news impact distributions than a power-law distribution. This observation is explained by the lack or limited influence of the otherwise omnipresent rich-get-richer mechanism in the analyzed data. The temporal dynamics of the news impact exhibits a universal exponential decay which allows us to collapse individual news trajectories into an elementary single curve. We also show how daily variations of user activity directly influence the dynamics of the article impact. Our findings challenge the universal applicability of popularity dynamics patterns found in other social contexts.
Geographies of Twitter debates
Authors: del Gobbo Emiliano , Fontanella Lara , Fontanella Sara , Sarra Annalina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOver the last years, the prodigious success of online social media sites has marked a shift in the way people connect and share information. Coincident with this trend is the proliferation of location-aware devices and the consequent emergence of user-generated geospatial data. From a social scientific perspective, these location data are of incredible value as it can be mined to provide researchers with useful information about activities and opinions across time and space. However, the utilization of geo-located data is a challenging task, both in terms of data management and in terms of knowledge production, which requires a holistic approach. In this paper, we implement an integrated knowledge discovery in cyberspace framework for retrieving, processing and interpreting Twitter geolocated data for the discovery and classification of the latent opinion in user-generated debates on the internet. Text mining techniques, supervised machine learning algorithms and a cluster spatial detection technique are the building blocks of our research framework. As real-word example, we focus on Twitter conversations about Brexit, posted on Uk during the 13 months before the Brexit day. The experimental results, based on various analysis of Brexit-related tweets, demonstrate that different spatial patterns can be identified, clearly distinguishing pro- and anti-Brexit enclaves and delineating interesting Brexit geographies.
The influence of plasma-sprayed coatings on surface properties and corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel for possible implant application
Authors: Woźniak Anna , Staszuk Marcin , Reimann Łukasz , Bialas Oktawian , Brytan Zbigniew , Voinarovych Sergii , Kyslytsia Oleksandr , Kaliuzhnyi Sergii , Basiaga Marcin , Admiak Marcin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Herein, we analyzed the morphology of atmospheric plasma-sprayed (APS) coating on medical 316L stainless steel and its influence on the physical and electrochemical properties of implant application. Fivetypes of coatings were examined: hydroxyapatite (HAp), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), Ti/HAp and Zr/HAp. The base properties of the coatings were analyzed via chemical and phase composition, surface topography, surface wettability and in particular the corrosion resistance in Ringer solution in immersed conditions and potentiodynamic test, and EIS analysis. APS coating of pure HAp on 316L stainless steel showed poor cohesive bonding to the substrate material, whereas the application of Ti and Zr interlayer prior to HAp deposition improved surface morphology and coating properties. The beneficial effect of Ti and Zr interlayer under HAp layer on binding was demonstrated. HAp containing coatings (HAp, Ti/HAp and Zr/HAp) show Ca/P ratio greater than 1.8, which may positively influence the differentiation of osteogenic cells and good adhesion to bones. Among the studied materials, the composite coatings with Zr or Zr/HAp showed favorable physicochemical properties and the highest corrosion resistance in Ringer solution.
Moral exemplars for the virtuous machine: the clinician’s role in ethical artificial intelligence for healthcare
Authors: Hindocha Sumeet , Badea Cosmin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) continues to pervade several aspects of healthcare with pace and scale. The need for an ethical framework in AI to address this has long been recognized, but to date most efforts have delivered only high-level principles and value statements. Herein, we explain the need for an ethical framework in healthcare AI, the different moral theories that may serve as its basis, the rationale for why we believe this should be built around virtue ethics, and explore this in the context of five key ethical concerns for the introduction of AI in healthcare. Some existing work has suggested that AI may replace clinicians. We argue to the contrary, that the clinician will not be replaced, nor their role attenuated. Rather, they will be integral to the responsible design, deployment, and regulation of AI in healthcare, acting as the moral exemplar for the virtuous machine. We collate relevant points from the literature and formulate our own to present a coherent argument for the central role of clinicians in ethical AI and propose ideas to help advance efforts to employ ML-based solutions within healthcare. Finally, we highlight the responsibility of not only clinicians, but also data scientists, tech companies, ethicists, and regulators to act virtuously in realising the vision of ethical and accountable AI in healthcare.
ON SUPERSETS OF NON-LOW SETS
Authors: AMBOS-SPIES KLAUS , DOWNEY ROD G. , MONATH MARTIN 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe solve a longstanding question of Soare by showing that if
${\mathbf d}$
is a non-low
$_2$
computably enumerable degree then
${\mathbf d}$
contains a c.e. set with no r-maximal c.e. superset.
CLASSIFYING SPACES AND THE LASCAR GROUP
Authors: CAMPION TIM , COUSINS GREG , YE JINHE 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe show that the Lascar group
$\operatorname {Gal}_L(T)$
of a first-order theory T is naturally isomorphic to the fundamental group
$\pi _1(|\mathrm {Mod}(T)|)$
of the classifying space of the category of models of T and elementary embeddings. We use this identification to compute the Lascar groups of several example theories via homotopy-theoretic methods, and in fact completely characterize the homotopy type of
$|\mathrm {Mod}(T)|$
for these theories T. It turns out that in each of these cases,
$|\operatorname {Mod}(T)|$
is aspherical, i.e., its higher homotopy groups vanish. This raises the question of which homotopy types are of the form
$|\mathrm {Mod}(T)|$
in general. As a preliminary step towards answering this question, we show that every homotopy type is of the form
$|\mathcal {C}|$
where
$\mathcal {C}$
is an Abstract Elementary Class with amalgamation for
$\kappa $
-small objects, where
$\kappa $
may be taken arbitrarily large. This result is improved in another paper.
Adeiain Fifth-Century Athens
Authors: Esu Alberto 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article discusses the rationale ofadeia(immunity) in the fifth-century Athenian legal system. It argues thatadeiawas designed to grant a temporary suspension of the effect of a law in exceptional circumstances without allowing for any permanent legal change. This article explores the origin ofadeiaand the relevant ideology underpinning the legal procedure. It provides a comprehensive reconstruction of the legal procedure and analyses the extensive use ofadeiafor collecting information during the investigation of the profanation of the Mysteries and the mutilation of the herms in 415 BC. This article also discusses the implications of the use ofadeiafor public investigation and emergency powers in Classical Athens.
Improvements of Statistical Learning Skills Allow Older Children to Go Beyond Single-Hypothesis Testing When Learning Words
Authors: SIA Ming Yean , MAYOR Julien 
Published: September 2021

AbstractChildren learn words in ambiguous situations, where multiple objects can potentially be referents for a new word. Yet, researchers debate whether children maintain a single word-object hypothesis – and revise it if falsified by later information – or whether children establish a network of word-object associations whose relative strengths are modulated with experience. To address this issue, we presented 4- to 12-year-old children with sets of mutual exclusivity (fast-mapping) trials: offering them with obvious initial hypotheses (that the novel object is the referent for the novel word). We observe that children aged six years and above, despite showing a novelty bias and retaining this novel word – novel object association, also formed an association between the novel word and the name-known object, thereby suggesting that older children attend to more than one word-object association, in a manner similar to associative learning. We discuss our findings in the context of competing theoretical accounts related to word learning.
Association between dietary patterns and glycaemic control in a middle-aged Chinese population
Authors: Shen Xiao-Ming , Shu Long , Huang Yi-Qian , Zhang Xiao-Yan , Zheng Pei-Fen , Zhu Qin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjective:The present work was performed to analyse the association of dietary patterns with glycaemic control (Hb A1c < 7 %) in a large group of Chinese adults aged between 45 and 59 years.Design:Habitual dietary intakes in the preceding 12 months were assessed by well-trained interviewers using a validated semi-quantitative FFQ. Factor analysis with principal component method was used to obtain the dietary patterns, and the associations between dietary patterns and glycaemic control were determined using multivariable logistic regression models. Poor glycaemic control was defined as HbA1c ≥ 7·0.Setting:Despite decades of research, data on the relationship between dietary patterns and glycaemic control (HbA1c < 7 %) in China are sparse.Participants:A total of 1739 participants aged 45–59 years from Hangzhou were included in the final analysis.Results:Three dietary patterns were ascertained and labelled as traditional southern Chinese, Western and grains-vegetables patterns. After controlling of the possible confounders, participants in the highest quartile of Western pattern scores had greater OR for HbA1c ≥ 7·0 (OR = 1·05; (95 % CI 1·000, 1·095); P = 0·048) than did those in the lowest quartile. Compared with those in the lowest quartile of grains-vegetables pattern, participants in the highest quartile had lower OR for HbA1c ≥ 7·0 (OR = 0·82; (95 % CI 0·720, 0·949); P = 0·038). Besides, no significant relationship between the traditional southern Chinese pattern and HbA1c ≥ 7·0 was observed (P > 0·05).Conclusions:This study indicated that the Western pattern was associated with a higher risk, and the grains-vegetables pattern was associated with a lower risk for HbA1c ≥ 7·0. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.