bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a patient-centered, meningioma-specific quality-of-life questionnaire
Authors: Baba Ami , Saha Ashirbani , McCradden Melissa D. , Boparai Kanwar , Zhang Shudong , Pirouzmand Farhad , Edelstein Kim , Zadeh Gelareh , Cusimano Michael D. 
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE
Meningiomas can have significant impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Patient-centered, disease-specific instruments for assessing HRQOL in these patients are lacking. To this end, the authors sought to develop and validate a meningioma-specific HRQOL questionnaire through a standardized, patient-centered questionnaire development methodology.

METHODS
The development of the questionnaire involved three main phases: item generation, item reduction, and validation. Item generation consisted of semistructured interviews with patients (n = 30), informal caregivers (n = 12), and healthcare providers (n = 8) to create a preliminary list of items. Item reduction with 60 patients was guided by the clinical impact method, multiple correspondence analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis. The validation phase involved 162 patients and collected evidence on extreme-groups validity; concurrent validity with the SF-36, FACT-Br, and EQ-5D; and test-retest reliability. The questionnaire takes on average 11 minutes to complete.

RESULTS
The meningioma-specific quality-of-life questionnaire (MQOL) consists of 70 items representing 9 domains. Cronbach’s alpha for each domain ranged from 0.61 to 0.91. Concurrent validity testing demonstrated construct validity, while extreme-groups testing (p = 1.45E-11) confirmed the MQOL’s ability to distinguish between different groups of patients.

CONCLUSIONS
The MQOL is a validated, reliable, and feasible questionnaire designed specifically for evaluating QOL in meningioma patients. This disease-specific questionnaire will be fundamentally helpful in better understanding and capturing HRQOL in the meningioma patient population and can be used in both clinical and research settings.
Outcomes associated with brain tissue oxygen monitoring in patients with severe traumatic brain injury undergoing intracranial pressure monitoring
Authors: Hoffman Haydn , Abi-Aad Karl , Bunch Katherine M. , Beutler Timothy , Otite Fadar O. , Chin Lawrence S. 
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE
Brain tissue oxygen monitoring combined with intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) may confer better outcomes than ICP monitoring alone. The authors sought to investigate this using a national database.

METHODS
The National Trauma Data Bank from 2013 to 2017 was queried to identify patients with sTBI who had an external ventricular drain or intraparenchymal ICP monitor placed. Patients were stratified according to the placement of an intraparenchymal brain tissue oxygen tension (PbtO2) monitor, and a 2:1 propensity score matching pair was used to compare outcomes in patients with and those without PbtO2 monitoring. Sensitivity analyses were performed using the entire cohort, and each model was adjusted for age, sex, Glasgow Coma Scale score, Injury Severity Score, presence of hypotension, insurance, race, and hospital teaching status. The primary outcome of interest was in-hospital mortality, and secondary outcomes included ICU length of stay (LOS) and overall LOS.

RESULTS
A total of 3421 patients with sTBI who underwent ICP monitoring were identified. Of these, 155 (4.5%) patients had a PbtO2 monitor placed. Among the propensity score–matched patients, mortality occurred in 35.4% of patients without oxygen monitoring and 23.4% of patients with oxygen monitoring (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.33–0.85; p = 0.007). The unfavorable discharge rates were 56.3% and 47.4%, respectively, in patients with and those without oxygen monitoring (OR 1.41, 95% CI 0.87–2.30; p = 0.168). There was no difference in overall LOS, but patients with PbtO2 monitoring had a significantly longer ICU LOS and duration of mechanical ventilation. In the sensitivity analysis, PbtO2 monitoring was associated with decreased odds of mortality (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.37–0.84) but higher odds of unfavorable discharge (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.06–2.40).

CONCLUSIONS
When combined with ICP monitoring, PbtO2 monitoring was associated with lower inpatient mortality for patients with sTBI. This supports the findings of the recent Brain Oxygen Optimization in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury phase 2 (BOOST 2) trial and highlights the importance of the ongoing BOOST3 trial.
Effect of the chemical vapor deposition condition on the electrochemically catalytic efficiency for hydrogen evolution reaction in MoS2 nanoparticles
Authors: Do Quyen Le , Nguyen Duc Anh 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Using the metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method, we have synthesized the MoS2 nanoparticles on graphite foil substrates employed as the electrochemical working electrodes with highly efficient electrocatalysis for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
Methods: The morphological and structural properties of the as-grown MoS2 materials were demonstrated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Raman spectroscopies, while their elemental components were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
Results: The optimum growth time was acquired to be 11 hours. Thereby such obtained electrode exhibited the maximum HER activity with onset over the potential of 220 mV versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), and the Tafel slope of 66 mV per decade (mV/dec).
Conclusion: Our results suggest a good technique for the research of high-efficient HER electrocatalyst based on atomic-thickness layered materials.
The Balance of Power System of the Middle East
Authors: Selján Péter 
Published: May 2021

Since the onset of the Arab Spring, there has been a growing interest in the changing balance of power of the Middle East. The balance of power theory in global context has been extensively studied. However, little research has been dedicated to the theory’s applicability solely at the regional level, especially with the contemporary Middle East in focus, while the region is suffering from armed conflicts involving virtually all the regional states as well as the great powers and many different non-state actors. This paper is an attempt to shed light on the applicability of the balance of power concept and the theory of omnibalancing in relation to the Middle East through reviewing the relevant literature.
Cultural Translation of Idioms in Textbook Advanced English from the Perspective of Grammar
Authors: Zheng Xiaoyan 
Published: May 2021

For foreign language learners, there is a dead corner for them. Now that idioms may lead to a serious misunderstanding, for they overload much information and background culture. Therefore, English idioms need specify the right meanings of Chinese ones, which is essential for the second language learners to get a better understanding of the writer’s intention. This thesis adopts literature review and comparison analysis, and tends to explore the relationship between English idioms translation and Chinese ones in Advanced English complied by Zhang Hanxi, in order to find a better way of relatively appropriate rending, in addition, to provide some suggestions for English language teachers in the teaching.
The activity of the disinfectant “Enzidez” against bacteria in biofilms
Authors: Kozhyn V. , Kukhtyn M. , Horiuk V. , Vichko O. , Kryzhanivsky Y. 
Published: May 2021

Currently, the pharmaceutical industry is constantly working on the creation of ideal disinfectants that would have a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action in minimal concentrations, did not result in the formation of stability in bacteria, were not toxic, not corrosive, not allergenic, cheap. The purpose of the work was to investigate the activity of the “Enzidesis” disidissance to influence microbial biofilms in vitro conditions for various sampling parameters. The density of microbial biofilms and the effects of disinfectants were determined on sterile stainless steel plates, which were placed in a Petri dish. For this purpose, biofilms were grown on plates, washed out biofilms from planktonic cells, acted as a disguise for a certain concentration and for a period of 5–30 minutes, fixed and painted biofilms and determined the optical density of the flushing solution from biofilms spectrometrically. It has been established that the disinfectant “Enzidesis” destroys the biofilms taken in the experiment of museum test cultures S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa. In particular, for the influence of the lowest concentration in experiment, 0.075 % optical density of washing solutions from S. aureus biofilmes decreased by 2.6 times, E. coli and P. aeruginosa biofilm in 2.9 times, respectively, comparing with biofilms after treatment with water. Under the actions of such a concentration of the “Enzidesis” means, the biofilm though significantly degraded, but they were still a medium density, more than 0.5 units. Increasing the concentration of a means of 0.075 % to 0.5 % contributed to the intensity of degradation of test-cultures, an average of 3.0 times (P < 0.05) and they became a weak density (0.24–0.20 s). Increasing the concentration of the “Enzidesis” means up to 1.0 % or more, did not significantly destroy the matrix of the biofilm of microorganisms, since the optical density of the washing solutions was as in control. In determining the influence of the temperature of the working solutions of the “Enzidosis” means on its film-building activity, it has been found that with an increase in the disinfection agent “Enzidesis” with +20 to +60 °С there is an increase in the degradation of the biofilm formed S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Dezilities can be effectively used in 0.5 % concentration at room temperature of solutions. When substantiating the exposure time of the “Enzidesis” exhibition time, it has been found that to remove the S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa 0.5 % means at a solution temperature of +20 ± 1 °C, it is necessary that the action time is from 15 to 30 minutes.
Study of adrenal morphology fromantiquity to the present day
Authors: Kot T. F. , Rudik S. K. , Guralska S. V. , Zaika S. S. , Khomenko Z. V. 
Published: May 2021

The analysis of scientific literature shows that the study of adrenal morphology in humans and animals is an urgent problem of biology and medicine from ancient times to the present day. In the historical aspect, we can distinguish three stages of studying the adrenal gland that differ in the directions of research. The first stage corresponds to the research of scientists of the XVI–XVIII centuries (Bartolomeo Eustachio, Andreas Vesalius, Gabriele Folloppio, Girolamo Fabrici, Andriaan Spieghel, Johann Vesling, Giulia Casseria, Caspar Bauhin, Johann Grafenberg, Caspar Bartholin, Thomas Bartholin, Giulio Casserio, Antonio Molinetti, Jean Riolan, Thomas Wharton, Giovanni Lancisi, Jakob Winslow, Antony Valsalva, Albrecht Haller, Johann Meckel, Jean Senac, Armand Cassan). Their works is devoted to the study of topography, macroscopic structure and function of the adrenal gland. Studies of morphological scientists of the second stage (late XVIII – mid XX century) correspond to the study of the structure of the adrenal gland at the microscopic level. Scientists like Albert Kelliker, Johann Ecker, Thomas Addison, Gabriel Colin, Alfred Kohn and Jay Arnold used histological and histochemical research methods. Edward Schafer, George Oliver, Vladislav Szymonowicz, John Abel, Jokiti Takmine, Welter Cannon, Edward Kendall to the study of the features of adrenal hormone secretion. Scientific works of the mid-twentieth and early twenty-first centuries can be combined in the third stage of research on the morphology of the adrenal gland. It is devoted to solving issues related to the formation of the adrenal gland in the process of filogenesis and ontogenesis, the features of the structure and function of the organ in normal and pathological conditions. A significant contribution to the study of the morphology of the adrenal gland of animals at the third stage was made by such scientists as Ziyade A. M., Dardykina O. N., Harina V. V., Atagimov M. Z., Torguj P. M., Antipin I. A., Shishkin A. P., Volkova M. V., Shevchenko L. F., Sidorova O. G., Vovchenko M. B., Salekh M. M., Ovcharenko N. D., Zaika S. V., Samatova I. M., Gorbacheva E. S., Pronin V. V., Kuznecov A. V., Pashinin N. S., Strel’nikova I. G., Barvenko A. D., Fedotov D. N., Izatulin A. V., Kvarackheliya A. G., Silkina A. V., Muhametov A. I. Among the studies of morphologists of the third period, the method of electron microscopy prevails.
Measuring the Use of Social Media Networks (SMNs) in Knowledge Sharing, by Using Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) A Study Conducted in Some of Iraqi Universities
Authors: Abed Jader Ahmed Muyasser 
Published: May 2021

SMNs like Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, WhatsApp,..etc. are among the most popular sites on the Internet. These sites can provide a powerful means of sharing, organizing, finding information and knowledge. The popularity of these sites provides an opportunity to measure the use them in knowledge sharing, which needs a special scale, but unfortunately, there is no special scale for that. Thus, this study supposes to use SCT as a scale to measure the use of SMNs in electronic knowledge sharing due to it has been used to measure knowledge sharing with its traditional form. This study can help the decision-makers to use these SMNs to share the academics’ knowledge in educational institutes to the communities by adopting special plans and strategies to address the main factors in such cases that will help to increase the knowledge sharing between academics and communities. The aim of this study to know the amount of using SMNs by academics to share their own knowledge with the community, which will reflect on educating the community and disseminate the culture within the community. Additionally, to address what the main factor can affect them to share their knowledge with others. The study uses SCT which consists of three factors: (Personal, Environment, and Behavior) as an independent variable, while the dependent variable is: (Knowledge Sharing). Furthermore, the quantitative method is adopted in this study by using an electronic questionnaire through Google Documents with “Five Scale of Likert” to collect the data from participants (250), who are the staff of some Iraqi universities. SPSS has been used in analyzing the collected data. The findings of the study come up with the following: the environmental factor has the greatest influence, then the behavioural factor which is lesser and the personal factor has the lowest influence. Finally, the study found that there is a possibility and ability to measure knowledge sharing by using SCT electronically.

Paper type: research paper.
The Effect of Organizational Creativity in Enhancing Knowledge Management Processes: survey study for a sample of academic staff members at the Technical College of management / Baghdad)
Authors: Zaya Yousif Marwah Badr 
Published: May 2021

In many organizations, employees who have high mental skills are the main source of organizational creativity. When a firm does not put creativity as a goal, cannot stand solid against the competition. Nowadays, knowledge is the path to discover the innovation and creativity aspects, This can assist the firm to stand face to face with competition in the market. The importance of this research comes from detecting and knowing the relation between creativity and knowledge to know and detect the influence of organizational creativity on backing the management of knowledge and determine the final results. The problem of research is to trace the role of organizational creativity on knowledge management processes in order to enable the firm to achieve supremacy in competition. The Administrative Technical College was chosen as a research location. The collected data were analyzed using the statistical program (SPSS) The research has found that there is a relationship between organizational creativity and knowledge management. Recommendations were on the necessity of developing cases of creativity among workers in educational organizations by relying on training methods and participation in scientific conferences and seminars to obtain higher levels of performance against the corresponding organizations.
Paper type Categorize: Research paper; Case study
Detailed feasibility study of the pre-cast reinforced concrete project and its importance in the construction of Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed Jasim , Mahmood Zinah Muayad 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Providing practical knowledge of the requirements of a detailed feasibility study for selecting the investment project.
Findings: Directing the private sector towards investing in productive projects - the pre-cast reinforced concrete project - as it achieves a financial return as well as providing Providing foreign currencies by reducing imports and exploiting available natural resources
Practical implications: The importance of a detailed feasibility study to determining whether the project can be implemented or not.
The precast concrete method is one of the best modern construction methods (high quality, low cost and fast to implement).
Social implications: Rapid treatment of destroyed infrastructure, consequently restoring stability to liberated areas, and community reconstruction.
Providing additional job opportunities that are sustainable, which contributes to reducing unemployment. And Reducing environmental pollutants.
Originality/value: The research has the value of originality, as it deals with the details of an industrial project in several aspects (technical, legal, environmental and economic impacts).

Abstract
The feasibility study for the investor of the project is considered as the guide that illuminates a path towards safe investment, as it cares about the investment opportunity and reaching the final decision to accept the opportunity and convert it from just an idea to a project or reject it.
As a result of the increasing need in Iraq to complete the construction work of the service sector (health, education and housing) in addition to reconstructing the provinces that were exposed to military operations, it was necessary to find alternatives that are characterized by low costs and fast delivery, also to finding solutions to the problem of government's inability to finance investment projects. Therefore, it was suggested that the private sector invests in a Pre-cast project to solve this problem.
The project site chosen in Anbar Governorate / Fallujah district because the site has several advantages, the most important one is the availability of raw materials, Also the roads connecting the province to the nearby governorates. The total area of ​​the project is (23,200)m2 and consists of a line for production roofs with a capacity of 650 m 3/ day and a line for production walls with a capacity of 1000 m 3/ day. The expected duration of completing the project is one year and the productive life of the project is ten years. On the basis of the expected demand, the expenses and revenues were estimated and analyzed to reach an evaluation of the project's economic feasibility, where the expected internal rate of return for the project (IRR) (38%) and the recovery period is two years and 4 months.
Using Iterative Reweighting Algorithm and Genetic Algorithm to Calculate The Estimation of The Parameters Of The Maximum Likelihood of The Skew Normal Distribution
Authors: الخفاجي مرتضى علاء , البكري رباب عبد الرضا 
Published: May 2021

Excessive skewness which occurs sometimes in the data is represented as an obstacle against normal distribution. So, recent studies have witnessed activity in studying the skew-normal distribution (SND) that matches the skewness data which is regarded as a special case of the normal distribution with additional skewness parameter (α), which gives more flexibility to the normal distribution. When estimating the parameters of (SND), we face the problem of the non-linear equation and by using the method of Maximum Likelihood estimation (ML) their solutions will be inaccurate and unreliable. To solve this problem, two methods can be used that are: the genetic algorithm (GA) and the iterative reweighting algorithm (IR) based on the Maximum Likelihood method. Monte Carlo simulation was used with different skewness levels and sample sizes, and the superiority of the results was compared. It was concluded that (SND) model estimation using (GA) is the best when the samples sizes are small and medium, while large samples indicate that the (IR) algorithm is the best. The study was also done using real data to find the parameter estimation and a comparison between the superiority of the results based on (AIC, BIC, Mse and Def) criteria.
O direito à recusa de tratamento e o papiloma escamoso oral: Relato de caso
Authors: Nascimento Anna Danielly Almeida do , Borges Beatriz Santos , Pereira Fernanda Teles , Santos Cristianne de Barros , Frade Angélica Lopes , Holanda Laís Azevedo Lins de , Souza Mayara Larissa Moura de , Castelo Branco Isabela Vicência Menezes , Araújo Maria Gabriela Cavalcanti de , Oliveira Juliana Cavalcante de , Melo Maria Cecília Freire de , Macedo Thuanny Silva de , Matos Fátima Cristina Mendes , Vidal Aurora Karla de Lacerda 
Published: May 2021

O Papiloma Escamoso oral é uma neoplasia benigna de origem epitelial, bastante comum, associado à infecção pelo Papiloma Vírus Humano (HPV). Clinicamente apresenta-se como nódulo exofítico, mole, indolor e geralmente pedunculado, com aspecto verrucoso/papilomatoso. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo relatar um caso de uma paciente com diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico de papiloma escamoso oral de grande dimensão, com focos de displasia epitelial moderada, localizado em mucosa jugal e face interna de lábios do lado direito. O tratamento inicialmente indicado foi a excisão cirúrgica e, posteriormente a excisão cirúrgica com reconstrução plástica, porém a paciente em decorrência de questões sociais, medo e ausência de apoio familiar, mesmo sabendo dos riscos de transformação maligna da lesão recusou o tratamento. Apesar da necessidade de tratamento a paciente possui autonomia para tomada de decisões e o direito à recusa de tratamento é reconhecido pelo Código Civil brasileiro como um dos direitos da personalidade. Respeitar a autonomia da paciente caracteriza um sistema de saúde humanizado e constitui um dos principais desafios enfrentados pelos profissionais de saúde.