bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized intervention involving family to improve communication in breast cancer care
Authors: Wolff Jennifer L. , Aufill Jennifer , Echavarria Diane , Blackford Amanda L. , Connolly Roisin M. , Fetting John H. , Jelovac Danijela , Papathakis Katie , Riley Carol , Stearns Vered , Zafman Nelli , Thorner Elissa , Levy Howard P. , Guo Amy , Dy Sydney M. , Wolff Antonio C. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe examined the effects of a communication intervention to engage family care partners on patient portal (MyChart) use, illness understanding, satisfaction with cancer care, and symptoms of anxiety in a single-blind randomized trial of patients in treatment for breast cancer. Patient-family dyads were recruited and randomly assigned a self-administered checklist to clarify the care partner role, establish a shared visit agenda, and facilitate MyChart access (n = 63) or usual care (n = 55). Interviews administered at baseline, 3, 9 (primary endpoint), and 12 months assessed anxiety (GAD-2), mean FAMCARE satisfaction, and complete illness understanding (4 of 4 items correct). Time-stamped electronic interactions measured MyChart use. By 9 months, more intervention than control care partners registered for MyChart (77.8 % vs 1.8%;p < 0.001) and logged into the patient’s account (61.2% vs 0% of those registered;p < 0.001), but few sent messages to clinicians (6.1% vs 0%;p = 0.247). More intervention than control patients viewed clinical notes (60.3% vs 32.7%;p = 0.003). No pre-post group differences in patient or care partner symptoms of anxiety, satisfaction, or complete illness understanding were found. Intervention patients whose care partners logged into MyChart were more likely to have complete illness understanding at 9 months (changed 70.0% to 80.0% vs 69.7% to 54.6%;p = 0.03); symptoms of anxiety were numerically lower (16.7% to 6.7% vs 15.2% to 15.2%;p = 0.24) and satisfaction numerically higher (15.8–16.2 vs 18.0–17.4;p = 0.25). A brief, scalable communication intervention led to greater care partner MyChart use and increased illness understanding among patients with more engaged care partners (NCT03283553).
Systematic evaluation of scoring methods for Ki67 as a surrogate for 21-gene recurrence score
Authors: Paik Soonmyung , Kwon Youngmee , Lee Moo Hyun , Kim Ji Ye , Lee Da Kyung , Cho Won Jeong , Lee Eun Young , Lee Eun Sook 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlthough Ki67 labeling index is a potential predictive marker for chemotherapy benefit, its clinical utility has been limited by the lack of a standard scoring method resulting in poor interobserver reproducibility. Especially, there is no consensus on the use of average versus hotspot score for reporting. In order to determine the best method for Ki67 scoring and validate manual scoring method proposed by the International Ki67 Working Group (IKWG), we systematically compared average versus hotspot score in 240 cases with a public domain image analysis program QuPath. We used OncotypeDx Recurrence Score (RS) as a benchmark to compare the potential clinical utility of each scoring methods. Both average and hotspot scores showed statistically significant but only modest correlation with OncotypeDx RS. Only hotspot score could meaningfully distinguish RS low-risk versus high-risk patients. However, hotspot score was less reproducible limiting its clinical utility. In summary, our data demonstrate that utility of the Ki67 labeling index is influenced by the choice of scoring method.
Clinical behavior and outcomes of breast cancer in young women with germline BRCA pathogenic variants
Authors: Lambertini Matteo , Ceppi Marcello , Hamy Anne-Sophie , Caron Olivier , Poorvu Philip D. , Carrasco Estela , Grinshpun Albert , Punie Kevin , Rousset-Jablonski Christine , Ferrari Alberta , Paluch-Shimon Shani , Toss Angela , Senechal Claire , Puglisi Fabio , Pogoda Katarzyna , Pérez-Fidalgo Jose Alejandro , De Marchis Laura , Ponzone Riccardo , Livraghi Luca , Estevez-Diz Maria Del Pilar , Villarreal-Garza Cynthia , Dieci Maria Vittoria , Clatot Florian , Duhoux Francois P. , Graffeo Rossella , Teixeira Luis , Córdoba Octavi , Sonnenblick Amir , Ferreira Arlindo R. , Partridge Ann H. , Di Meglio Antonio , Saule Claire , Peccatori Fedro A. , Bruzzone Marco , t’Kint de Roodenbeke Marie Daphne , Ameye Lieveke , Balmaña Judith , Del Mastro Lucia , Azim Hatem A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractYoung breast cancer (BC) patients carrying a germline BRCA pathogenic variant (mBRCA) have similar outcomes as non-carriers. However, the impact of the type of gene (BRCA1 vs. BRCA2) and hormone receptor status (positive [HR+] vs. negative [HR−]) on clinical behavior and outcomes of mBRCA BC remains largely unknown. This is an international, multicenter, hospital-based, retrospective cohort study that included mBRCA patients diagnosed, between January 2000 and December 2012, with stage I–III invasive early BC at age ≤40 years. From 30 centers worldwide, 1236 young mBRCA BC patients were included. Among 808 and 428 patients with mBRCA1 or mBRCA2, 191 (23.6%) and 356 (83.2%) had HR+tumors, respectively (P < 0.001). Median follow-up was 7.9 years. Second primary BC (P = 0.009) and non-BC malignancies (P = 0.02) were more frequent among mBRCA1 patients while distant recurrences were less frequent (P = 0.02). Irrespective of hormone receptor status, mBRCA1 patients had worse disease-free survival (DFS; adjusted HR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.60–0.96), with no difference in distant recurrence-free interval (DRFI) and overall survival (OS). Patients with HR+ disease had more frequent distant recurrences (P < 0.001) and less frequent second primary malignancies (BC: P = 0.005; non-BC: P = 0.18). No differences in DFS and OS were observed according to hormone receptor status, with a tendency for worse DRFI (adjusted HR = 1.39, 95% CI = 0.94–2.05) in patients with HR+ BC. Type of mBRCA gene and hormone receptor status strongly impact BC clinical behavior and outcomes in mBRCA young patients. These results provide important information for patients’ counseling on treatment, prevention, and surveillance strategies.
Origin of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in amorphous thin films
Authors: Lordan Daniel , Wei Guannan , McCloskey Paul , O’Mathuna Cian , Masood Ansar 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe emergence of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) in amorphous thin films, which eventually transforms the magnetic spins form an in-plane to the out-of-plane configuration, also known as a spin-reorientation transition (SRT), is a fundamental roadblock to attain the high flux concentration advantage of these functional materials for broadband applications. The present work is focused on unfolding the origin of PMA in amorphous thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering. The amorphous films were deposited under a broad range of sputtering pressure (1.6–6.2 mTorr), and its effect on the thin film growth mechanisms was correlated to the static global magnetic behaviours, magnetic domain structure, and dynamic magnetic performance. The films deposited under low-pressure revealed a dominant in-plane uniaxial anisotropy along with an emerging, however feeble, perpendicular component, which eventually evolved as a dominant PMA when deposited under high-pressure sputtering. This change in the nature of anisotropy redefined the orientation of spins from in-plane to out-of-plane. The SRT in amorphous films was attributed to the dramatic change in the growth mechanism of disorder atomic structure from a homogeneously dispersed to a porous columnar microstructure. We suggest the origin of PMA is associated with the columnar growth of the amorphous films, which can be eluded by a careful selection of a deposition pressure regime to avoid its detrimental effect on the soft magnetic performance. To the author’s best knowledge, no such report links the sputtering pressure as a governing mechanism of perpendicular magnetisation in technologically important amorphous thin films.
Use tumor suppressor genes as biomarkers for diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Chuantao , Jiang Man , Zhou Na , Hou Helei , Li Tianjun , Yu Hongsheng , Tan Yuan-De , Zhang Xiaochun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLung cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Especially, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has higher mortality rate than the other cancers. The high mortality rate is partially due to lack of efficient biomarkers for detection, diagnosis and prognosis. To find high efficient biomarkers for clinical diagnosis of NSCLC patients, we used gene differential expression and gene ontology (GO) to define a set of 26 tumor suppressor (TS) genes. The 26 TS genes were down-expressed in tumor samples in cohorts GSE18842, GSE40419, and GSE21933 and at stages 2 and 3 in GSE19804, and 15 TS genes were significantly down-expressed in tumor samples of stage 1. We usedS-scores andN-scores defined in correlation networks to evaluate positive and negative influences of these 26 TS genes on expression of other functional genes in the four independent cohorts and found that SASH1, STARD13, CBFA2T3 and RECK were strong TS genes that have strong accordant/discordant effects and network effects globally impacting the other genes in expression and hence can be used as specific biomarkers for diagnosis of NSCLC cancer. Weak TS genes EXT1, PTCH1, KLK10 and APC that are associated with a few genes in function or work in a special pathway were not detected to be differentially expressed and had very smallS-scores andN-scores in all collected datasets and can be used as sensitive biomarkers for diagnosis of early cancer. Our findings are well consistent with functions of these TS genes. GSEA analysis found that these 26 TS genes as a gene set had high enrichment scores at stages 1, 2, 3 and all stages.
Fluoroquinolone treatment as a protective factor for 10-day mortality in Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremia in cancer patients
Authors: Fontana Naihma Salum , Ibrahim Karim Yaqub , Bonazzi P. R. , Rossi F. , Almeida S. C. G. , Tengan F. M. , Brandileone M. C. C. , Abdala E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTo evaluate the prognostic factors in adult cancer patients with pneumococcal bacteremia, describe episode features and the phenotypic characteristics of the isolated strains. We evaluated the episodes in patients admitted to a cancer hospital between 2009 and 2015. The outcomes were defined as 48 h mortality and mortality within 10 days after the episode. The variables evaluated were: age, sex, ethnicity, ECOG, Karnofsky score, SOFA, cancer type, metastasis, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, neutropenia, previous antibiotic therapy, community or healthcare-acquired infection, comorbidities, smoking, pneumococcal vaccination, infection site, presence of fever, polymicrobial infection, antimicrobial susceptibility, serotype and treatment. 165 episodes were detected in 161 patients. The mean age was 61.3 years; solid tumors were the most prevalent (75%). 48 h and 10-day mortality were 21% (34/161) and 43% (70/161) respectively. The 48 h mortality- associated risk factors were SOFA and polymicrobial bacteremia; 10-day mortality-associated risk factors were fever, neutropenia, ECOG 3/4, SOFA and fluoroquinolones as a protective factor. Pneumococcal bacteremia presented high mortality in cancer patients, with prognosis related to intrinsic host factors and infection episodes features. Fluoroquinolone treatment, a protective factor in 10-day mortality, has potential use for IPDs and severe community-acquired pneumonia in cancer patients.
Reduced nest development of reared Bombus terrestris within apiary dense human-modified landscapes
Authors: Meeus Ivan , Parmentier Laurian , Pisman Matti , de Graaf Dirk C. , Smagghe Guy 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWild bees are in decline on a local to global scale. The presence of managed honey bees can lead to competition for resources with wild bee species, which has not been investigated so far for human-modified landscapes. In this study we assess if managed honey bee hive density influence nest development (biomass) of bumble bees, an important trait affecting fitness. We hypothesize that domesticated honey bees can negatively affect Bombus terrestris nest development in human-modified landscapes. In Flanders, Belgium, where such landscapes are dominantly present, we selected 11 locations with landscape metrics ranging from urban to agricultural. The bee hive locations were mapped and each location contained one apiary dense (AD) and one apiary sparse (AS) study site (mean density of 7.6 ± 5.7 managed honey bee hives per km2 in AD sites). We assessed the effect of apiary density on the reproduction of reared B. terrestris nests. Reared B. terrestris nests had more biomass increase over 8 weeks in apiary sparse (AS) sites compared to nests located in apiary dense (AD) sites. This effect was mainly visible in urban locations, where nest in AS sites have 99.25 ± 60.99 g more biomass increase compared to nest in urban AD sites. Additionally, we found that managed bumble bee nests had higher biomass increase in urban locations. We conclude that the density of bee hives is a factor to consider in regard to interspecific competition between domesticated honey bees and bumble bees.
Arsenic hexoxide has differential effects on cell proliferation and genome-wide gene expression in human primary mammary epithelial and MCF7 cells
Authors: Kim Donguk , Park Na Yeon , Kang Keunsoo , Calderwood Stuart K. , Cho Dong-Hyung , Bae Ill Ju , Bunch Heeyoun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractArsenic is reportedly a biphasic inorganic compound for its toxicity and anticancer effects in humans. Recent studies have shown that certain arsenic compounds including arsenic hexoxide (AS4O6; hereafter, AS6) induce programmed cell death and cell cycle arrest in human cancer cells and murine cancer models. However, the mechanisms by which AS6 suppresses cancer cells are incompletely understood. In this study, we report the mechanisms of AS6 through transcriptome analyses. In particular, the cytotoxicity and global gene expression regulation by AS6 were compared in human normal and cancer breast epithelial cells. Using RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analyses, differentially expressed genes in significantly affected biological pathways in these cell types were validated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting assays. Our data show markedly differential effects of AS6 on cytotoxicity and gene expression in human mammary epithelial normal cells (HUMEC) and Michigan Cancer Foundation 7 (MCF7), a human mammary epithelial cancer cell line. AS6 selectively arrests cell growth and induces cell death in MCF7 cells without affecting the growth of HUMEC in a dose-dependent manner. AS6 alters the transcription of a large number of genes in MCF7 cells, but much fewer genes in HUMEC. Importantly, we found that the cell proliferation, cell cycle, and DNA repair pathways are significantly suppressed whereas cellular stress response and apoptotic pathways increase in AS6-treated MCF7 cells. Together, we provide the first evidence of differential effects of AS6 on normal and cancerous breast epithelial cells, suggesting that AS6 at moderate concentrations induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through modulating genome-wide gene expression, leading to compromised DNA repair and increased genome instability selectively in human breast cancer cells.
Understanding and recognition of the right ventricular function and dysfunction via a numerical study
Authors: Comunale Giulia , Peruzzo Paolo , Castaldi Biagio , Razzolini Renato , Di Salvo Giovanni , Padalino Massimo A. , Susin Francesca M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe role played by the right ventricular (RV) dysfunction has long been underestimated in clinical practice. Recent findings are progressively confirming that when the RV efficiency deteriorates both the right and the left circulation is (significantly) affected, but studies dedicated to a detailed description of RV hemodynamic role still lack. In response to such a gap in knowledge, this work proposes a numerical model that for the first time evaluates the effect of isolated RV dysfunction on the whole circulation. Lumped parameter modelling was applied to represent the physio-pathological hemodynamics. Different grades of impairment were simulated for three dysfunctions i.e., systolic, diastolic, and combined systolic and diastolic. Hemodynamic alterations (i.e., of blood pressure, flow, global hemodynamic parameters), arising from the dysfunctions, are calculated and analysed. Results well accord with clinical observations, showing that RV dysfunction significantly affects both the pulmonary and systemic hemodynamics. Successful verification against in vivo data proved the clinical potentiality of the model i.e., the capability of identifying the degree of RV impairment for given hemodynamic conditions. This study aims at contributing to the improvement of RV dysfunction recognition and treatment, and to the development of tools for the clinical management of pathologies involving the right heart.
Predictors of stunting among children age 6–59 months in Ethiopia using Bayesian multi-level analysis
Authors: Muche Amare , Gezie Lemma Derseh , Baraki Adhanom Gebre-egzabher , Amsalu Erkihun Tadesse 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn developing countries including Ethiopia stunting remained a major public health burden. It is associated with adverse health consequences, thus, investigating predictors of childhood stunting is crucial to design appropriate strategies to intervene the problem stunting. The study uses data from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) conducted from January 18 to June 27, 2016 in Ethiopia. A total of 8117 children aged 6–59 months were included in the study with a stratified two stage cluster sampling technique. A Bayesian multilevel logistic regression was fitted using Win BUGS version 1.4.3 software to identify predictors of stunting among children age 6–59 months. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% credible intervals was used to ascertain the strength and direction of association. In this study, increasing child’s age (AOR = 1.022; 95% CrI 1.018–1.026), being a male child (AOR = 1.16; 95%CrI 1.05–1.29), a twin (AOR = 2.55; 95% CrI 1.78–3.56), having fever (AOR = 1.23; 95%CrI 1.02–1.46), having no formal education (AOR = 1.99; 95%CrI 1.28–2.96) and primary education (AOR = 83; 95%CrI 1.19–2.73), birth interval less than 24 months (AOR = 1.40; 95% CrI 1.20–1.61), increasing maternal BMI (AOR = 0.95; 95% CrI 0.93–0.97), and poorest household wealth status (AOR = 1.78; 95% CrI 1.35–2.30) were predictors of childhood stunting at individual level. Similarly, region and type of toilet facility were predictors of childhood stunting at community level. The current study revealed that both individual and community level factors were predictors of childhood stunting in Ethiopia. Thus, more emphasize should be given by the concerned bodies to intervene the problem stunting by improving maternal education, promotion of girl education, improving the economic status of households, promotion of context-specific child feeding practices, improving maternal nutrition education and counseling, and improving sanitation and hygiene practices.
A transcriptomic view to wounding response in young Scots pine stems
Authors: Lim Kean-Jin , Paasela Tanja , Harju Anni , Venäläinen Martti , Paulin Lars , Auvinen Petri , Kärkkäinen Katri , Teeri Teemu H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe studied the stress response of five-year-old Scots pine xylem to mechanical wounding using RNA sequencing. In general, we observed a bimodal response in pine xylem after wounding. Transcripts associated with water deficit stress, defence, and cell wall modification were induced at the earliest time point of three hours; at the same time, growth-related processes were down-regulated. A second temporal wave was triggered either at the middle and/or at the late time points (one and four days). Secondary metabolism, such as stilbene and lignan biosynthesis started one day after wounding. Scots pine synthesises the stilbenes pinosylvin and its monomethyl ether both as constitutive and induced defence compounds. Stilbene biosynthesis is induced by wounding, pathogens and UV stress, but is also developmentally regulated when heartwood is formed. Comparison of wounding responses to heartwood formation shows that many induced processes (in addition to stilbene biosynthesis) are similar and relate to defence or desiccation stress, but often specific transcripts are up-regulated in the developmental and wounding induced contexts. Pine resin biosynthesis was not induced in response to wounding, at least not during the first four days.
Genetic and endosymbiotic diversity of Greek populations of Philaenus spumarius, Philaenus signatus and Neophilaenus campestris, vectors of Xylella fastidiosa
Authors: Kapantaidaki Despoina Ev. , Antonatos Spyridon , Evangelou Vasiliki , Papachristos Dimitrios P. , Milonas Panagiotis 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe plant-pathogenic bacteriumXylella fastidiosawhich causes significant diseases to various plant species worldwide, is exclusively transmitted by xylem sap-feeding insects. Given the fact thatX. fastidiosaposes a serious potential threat for olive cultivation in Greece, the main aim of this study was to investigate the genetic variation of Greek populations of three spittlebug species (Philaenus spumarius,P. signatusandNeophilaenus campestris), by examining the molecular markers Cytochrome Oxidase I, cytochrome b and Internal Transcribed Spacer. Moreover, the infection status of the secondary endosymbiontsWolbachia,Arsenophonus,Hamiltonella,CardiniumandRickettsia, among these populations, was determined. According to the results, theITS2region was the less polymorphic, while the analyzed fragments ofCOIandcytbgenes, displayed high genetic diversity. The phylogenetic analysis placed the Greek populations ofP. spumariusinto the previously obtained Southwest clade in Europe. The analysis of the bacterial diversity revealed a diverse infection status.Rickettsiawas the most predominant endosymbiont whileCardiniumwas totally absent from all examined populations.Philaenus spumariusharboredRickettsia,Arsenophonus,HamiltonellaandWolbachia,N. campestriscarriedRickettsia,HamiltonellaandWolbachiawhileP. signatuswas infected only byRickettsia. The results of this study will provide an important knowledge resource for understanding the population dynamics of vectors ofX. fastidiosawith a view to formulate effective management strategies towards the bacterium.