bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling Strain Gradient Induced Electromechanical Coupling in Twisted Double Bilayer Graphene Moiré Superlattices
Authors: Li Yuhao , Wang Xiao , Tang Deqi , Wang Xi , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Gamelin Daniel R. , Cobden David H. , Yankowitz Matthew , Xu Xiaodong , Li Jiangyu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMoiré superlattices of 2D materials with a small twist angle are thought to exhibit appreciable flexoelectric effect, though unambiguous confirmation of their flexoelectricity is challenging due to artifacts associated with commonly used piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). For example, unexpectedly small phase contrast (≈8°) between opposite flexoelectric polarizations is reported in twisted bilayer graphene (tBG), though theoretically predicted value is 180°. Here a methodology is developed to extract intrinsic moiré flexoelectricity using twisted double bilayer graphene (tDBG) as a model system, probed by lateral PFM. For small twist angle samples, it is found that a vectorial decomposition is essential to recover the small intrinsic flexoelectric response at domain walls from a large background signal. The obtained threefold symmetry of commensurate domains with significant flexoelectric response at domain walls is fully consistent with the theoretical calculations. Incommensurate domains in tDBG with relatively large twist angles can also be observed by this technique. A general strategy is provided here for unraveling intrinsic flexoelectricity in van der Waals moiré superlattices while providing insights into engineered symmetry breaking in centrosymmetric materials.
Can One Predict a Drop Contact Angle?
Authors: Silvestrini Marion , Tinti Antonio , Giacomello Alberto , Brito Carolina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe study of wetting phenomena is of great interest due to the multifaceted technological applications of hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. The theoretical approaches proposed by Wenzel and later by Cassie and Baxter to describe the behavior of a droplet of water on a rough solid are extensively used and continuously updated to characterize the apparent contact angle of a droplet. However, the equilibrium hypothesis implied in these models means that they are not always predictive of experimental contact angles due to the strong metastabilities typically occurring in the wetting of heterogeneous surfaces. A predictive scheme for contact angles is thus urgently needed both to characterize a surface by contact angle measurements and to design super‐hydrophobic and ‐oleophobic surfaces with the desired properties, for example, contact angle hysteresis. In this work, a combination of Monte Carlo simulation and the string method is employed to calculate the free energy profile of a liquid droplet deposited on a pillared surface. For the analyzed surfaces, it is shown that there is only one minimum of the free energy that corresponds to the superhydrophobic wetting state while the wet state can present multiple minima. Furthermore, when the surface roughness decreases the amount of local minima observed in the free energy profile increases. The presented approach clarifies the origin of contact angle hysteresis providing quantitative tools for understanding and controlling wetting at structured surfaces.
Significant Modulation of Ferroelectric Photovoltaic Behavior by a Giant Macroscopic Flexoelectric Effect Induced by Strain‐Relaxed Epitaxy
Authors: Huang Qicheng , Fan Zhen , Rao Jingjing , Yang Tieying , Zhang Xingmin , Chen Deyang , Qin Minghui , Zeng Min , Lu Xubing , Zhou Guofu , Gao Xingsen , Liu Jun‐Ming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFlexoelectricity has become an emerging tool to tailor the material properties. The flexoelectric modulation of ferroelectric photovoltaic (FEPV) properties is of particular interest, because it offers an opportunity to boost the photovoltaic efficiency. In most previous studies, the flexoelectric effect is generated by local pressing or macroscopic bending, which, however, results in a local or weak modulation of the FEPV behavior. Here, a significant modulation of the FEPV effect by the strain‐relaxed epitaxy (SRE)‐induced giant macroscopic flexoelectric effect is demonstrated. Using SRE, giant strain gradients (>107 m−1) are generated and tuned in ferroelectric Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 epitaxial films. Tuning the giant strain gradient can significantly modify the switchable FEPV properties. Particularly, a photovoltage enhancement as large as ≈0.5 V is achieved. It is suggested that the flexoelectric modulation of FEPV behavior may originate from the flexoelectric polarization‐induced depolarization field. This study highlights the immense application potential of the SRE‐induced flexoelectricity in the engineering of functional thin‐film devices.
Isolated cytokine‐enriched pericardial effusion: A likely key feature for Aymé‐Gripp syndrome
Authors: König Anna‐Lina , Sabir Hemmen , Strizek Brigitte , Gembruch Ulrich , Herberg Ulrike , Bertrand Miriam , Grasshoff Ute , Wiegand Gesa , Wiechers Cornelia , Bernis Eugenia , Reutter Heiko , Müller Andreas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAymé‐Gripp syndrome is a multisystemic disorder caused by a heterozygous variation in the MAF gene (OMIM*177075). Key features are congenital cataracts, sensorineural hearing loss, and a characteristic facial appearance. In a proportion of individuals, pericardial effusion or pericarditis has been reported as part of the phenotypic spectrum. In the present case, a large persistent cytokine‐enriched pericardial effusion was the main pre‐ and postnatal symptom that led to the clinical and later molecular diagnosis of Aymé‐Gripp syndrome. In the postnatal course, the typical Aymé‐Gripp syndrome‐associated features bilateral cataracts and hearing loss were diagnosed. We propose that activating dominant variants in the cytokine‐modulating transcription factor c‐MAF causes cytokine‐enriched pericardial effusions possibly representing a key feature of Aymé‐Gripp syndrome.
Triazine‐Functionalized Silsesquioxane‐Based Hybrid Porous Polymers for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Both Acidic and Basic Dyes under Visible Light
Authors: Du Yajing , Liu Hongzhi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFour triazine‐functionalized silsesquioxane‐based hybrid porous polymers (TSHPPs) were synthesized by Heck reaction of octavinylsilsesquioxane (OVS) with brominated phenyl or thiophene substituted triazine monomers. These hybrid polymers offered good thermal stability, high specific surface areas (up to 555 m2 g−1), strong visible light absorption, and adjustable fluorescence properties. The materials showed high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of both acidic and basic dyes without additional oxidation agents or pH adjustments. Exposing to natural light, at a very low concentration of TSHPPs (0.2 mg mL−1), dyes with a concentration of up to 1000 ppm can be completely decolorized. After five consecutive iterations of degradation dyes, TSHPPs still showed good regenerability. This work provides an efficient method for the construction of photo‐responsive porous materials for solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion and demonstrates their potential as green and sustainable environment‐friendly catalysts.
Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of Ziritaxestat (GLPG1690) in Healthy Male Volunteers Following Intravenous and Oral Administration
Authors: Helmer Eric , Willson Ashley , Brearley Christopher , Westerhof Mark , Delage Stephane , Shaw Iain , Cooke Ray , Sidhu Sharan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractZiritaxestat is a novel inhibitor of autotaxin, an enzyme responsible for the production of lysophosphatidic acid, the downstream signaling of which mediates responses to tissue injury and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of fibrotic conditions such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and systemic sclerosis. This study (Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03787186) was designed to assess the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of orally administered 600‐mg ziritaxestat labeled with a carbon‐14 tracer (14C‐ziritaxestat). To understand the absolute bioavailability of ziritaxestat, an intravenous 100‐μg microdose, labeled with a microtracer amount of 14C radiation, was administered in a separate part of the study, following an unlabeled 600‐mg therapeutic oral dose of ziritaxestat. Six healthy male subjects completed each study part. The majority of the labeled oral dose was recovered in feces (77%), with a total mass balance of 84%. The absolute bioavailability of ziritaxestat was 54%. Ziritaxestat was the main (76%) circulating drug‐related product. There were 7 treatment‐emergent adverse events, all of which were considered mild and not considered to be related to the study drug.
Nickel Cobaltite: A Positive Electrode Material for Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Mahadik Shivraj M. , Chodankar Nilesh R. , Han Young‐Kyu , Dubal Deepak P. , Patil Sarita 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe increased demand of energy due to the recent technological advances in diverse fields such as portable electronics and electric vehicles is often hindered by the poor capability of energy‐storage systems. Although supercapacitors (SCs) exhibit higher power density than state‐of‐the art batteries, their insufficient energy density remains a major challenge. An emerging concept of hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) with the combination of one capacitive and one battery electrode in a single cell holds a great promise to deliver high energy density without sacrificing power density and cycling stability. This Minireview elaborates the recent advances of use of nickel cobaltite (NiCo2O4) as a potential positive electrode (battery‐like) for HSCs. A brief introduction on the structural benefits and charge storage mechanisms of NiCo2O4 was provided. It further shed a light on composites of NiCo2O4 with different materials like carbon, polymers, metal oxides, and others, which altogether helps in increasing the electrochemical performance of HSCs. Finally, the key scientific challenges and perspectives on building high‐performance HSCs for future‐generation applications were reviewed.
Crystal Faces‐Tailored Oxygen Vacancy in Au/CeO2 Catalysts for Efficient Oxidation of HMF to FDCA
Authors: Wei Yanan , Zhang Yunlei , Chen Yao , Wang Fang , Cao Yu , Guan Wen , Li Xin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDeveloping an efficient catalyst to upgrade 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to high‐value‐added downstream chemicals is of great significance in biomass conversion. Nanorod (110)‐, nanocube (100)‐, and nanooctaheron (111)‐CeO2‐supported Au nanoparticles were prepared to investigate the intrinsic effect of CeO2 crystal faces on the oxidation of HMF to 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). The experimental results and density functional theory calculation revealed that the concentration of oxygen vacancy (VO) for exposed specific crystal faces was crucial to the oxygen adsorption ability, and Au/nanorod‐CeO2 with the highest VO concentration promoted the formation of more oxygen active species (superoxide radical) on CeO2 (110) crystal face than (100) and (111) crystal faces. Besides, the higher VO concentration could provide a strong adsorption ability of HMF, greatly boosting the activation of HMF. Thus, these results led to a superior catalytic activity for HMF oxidation over Au/nanorod‐CeO2 (FDCA yield of 96.5 %). In‐situ Fourier‐transform (FT)IR spectroscopy uncovered the HMF oxidation pathway, and the possible catalytic mechanism was proposed. The deep insight into the role of regulation for crystal faces provides a basis for the rational design of highly active facets for the oxidation of HMF and related reactions.
Assemblages of geomorphic units: A building block approach to analysis and interpretation of river character, behaviour, condition and recovery
Authors: Fryirs Kirstie , Brierley Gary 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA geomorphic unit is a landform that has been created and reworked by a particular set of earth surface processes. Each geomorphic unit has a particular morphology and sediment properties. Characteristic assemblages and patterns of geomorphic units reflect the use of available energy at any particular location in the landscape. In river systems the mix and balance of erosional and depositional processes creates characteristic, and sometimes distinctive, patterns of geomorphic units at the reach scale. As geomorphic units make up all parts of every valley bottom, the analysis of geomorphic units provides a universal resource with which to undertake systematic geomorphic analysis of river systems. In the first instance, this tool helps to interpret river morphodynamics. Particular process–form associations determine what type of geomorphic unit is found where, how it is formed and/or reworked, and if/how that unit is related to adjacent units in the channel and/or floodplain. From this, particular assemblages of geomorphic units can be used to identify and map reach boundaries along a river course. Each reach has a particular set of process–form relationships that determine (and/or reflect) the range of behaviour and the capacity for adjustment of that section of river. Framed in a catchment context and in relation to evolutionary trajectory, interpretation of geomorphic unit assemblages, and how they change over time, informs analysis of river condition and the potential for geomorphic recovery of each reach. A scaffolding framework to conduct such analyses and interpretations provides an important bridge between expert manual analysis and machine learning analysis using big data, allowing for the identification and interpretation of the distinctive traits of each and every river system.
Major dietary patterns in relation to muscle strength status among middle‐aged people: A cross‐sectional study within the RaNCD cohort
Authors: Samadi Mehnoosh , Khosravy Tina , Azadbakht Leila , Rezaei Mansour , Mosafaghadir Mohammad , Kamari Negin , Bagheri Amir , Pasdar Yahya , Najafi Farid , Hamze Behrouz , Soleimani Davood 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGrip strength in midlife can predict physical disability in senior years. Recent evidence shows the critical role of nutritional status on muscle function. We aimed to elucidate whether adherence to a particular dietary pattern would be associated with abnormal muscle strength among middle‐aged people. In this cross‐sectional study, a semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to assess the dietary intake of 2781 participants in the Ravansar Non‐Communicable Chronic Disease (RaNCD) cohort. Major dietary patterns from 28 main food groups were extracted using principal component analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the association between the tertiles of the major dietary patterns and muscle strength status. Two major dietary patterns were identified: the “mixed dietary pattern” that heavily loaded with fruits, vegetables, nuts, dairies, sweets, legumes, dried fruits, fish, red meat, butter, whole grains, natural juices, poultry, pickles, olive, industrial juice, egg, processed meat, and snacks and “unhealthy dietary pattern” that heavily loaded by fats, sugar, refined grains, soft drink, salt, organ meat, tea, and coffee. Adherence to the mixed dietary pattern (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.8–1.33, P for trend = 0.77) and the unhealthy dietary pattern (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.79–0.13, P for trend = 0.89) did not associate with abnormal muscle strength. This study suggests that the dietary pattern involving the consumption of healthy and unhealthy food does not have an effect on muscle strength in middle‐aged adults.
Toward mechanistic understanding the effect of aspect ratio of carbon nanotubes upon different properties of polyurethane/carbon nanotube nanocomposite foam
Authors: Hasani Baferani Abolfazl , Ohadi Abdolreza , Katbab Ali A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the carbon nanotube's aspect ratio's influence on the nanocomposite foams' cellular structure and mechanical, acoustic absorption characteristics. The free‐rising foaming process has been used for producing different flexible polyurethane (PU) foams embedded with other multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT's). Dynamic mechanical and thermal analysis, flow resistivity, and compressive mechanical measurements were achieved on the prepared samples. The acoustic absorption coefficient in a wide range of frequencies was estimated for the prepared PU/CNT foamed nanocomposite samples. Results indicated that by increasing the aspect ratio of MWCNT, the absorption coefficient's peak shifts toward the lower frequencies and improved sound absorption characteristics of PU foam in the low‐frequency region. Moreover, the Young modulus of nanocomposite samples increases by increasing the aspect ratio of MWCNT's, whereas the stored strain energy or area under the stress–strain curve increases. Based on the obtained results, it is observed that the acoustic absorption coefficient of produced nanocomposite foams at the frequency of 800 Hz has been reported to have a 70% improvement in 2 cm samples and a 40% improvement in 3 cm samples compared to obtained results from pure PU foam.
The impact of uncertainty shocks in South Africa: The role of financial regimes
Authors: Balcilar Mehmet , Gupta Rangan , Kisten Theshne 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article examines the connection between economic uncertainty and financial market conditions in South Africa, documenting that the macroeconomic implications of an uncertainty shock differ across financial regimes. A non‐linear VAR is estimated where uncertainty is captured by the average volatility of structural shocks in the economy, and the transmission mechanism is characterized by two distinct financial regimes (i.e., financially stressful vs. normal periods). We find that while the deterioration of output following an uncertainty shock is much more prominent during normal periods than during stressful periods, it is much more persistent during stressful financial times. The share of output variance explained by the volatility shocks in normal financial times is more than double the share in stressful times. Uncertainty shocks are found to be inflationary in both regimes, with the impact being larger in the stress regime. While our estimates reveal that financial frictions do not amplify the impact of uncertainty on real output, it does increase the impact on prices.
Lifting 1/4-BPS states in AdS3× S3 × T4
Authors: Benjamin Nathan , Keller Christoph A. , Zadeh Ida G. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We establish a framework for doing second order conformal perturbation theory for the symmetric orbifold SymN(T4) to all orders in N. This allows us to compute how 1/4-BPS states of the D1-D5 system on AdS3 × S3 × T4 are lifted as we move away from the orbifold point. As an application we confirm a previous observation that in the large N limit not all 1/4-BPS states that can be lifted do get lifted. This provides evidence that the supersymmetric index actually undercounts the number of 1/4-BPS states at a generic point in the moduli space.
Studienprotokoll: Register zur Prognose akut-symptomatischer Anfälle (PROSA-Register) – eine prospektive multizentrische Beobachtungsstudie
Authors: Herzig-Nichtweiß Julia , Salih Farid , Berning Sascha , Malter Michael , Pelz Johann , Lochner Piergiorgio , Wittstock Matthias , Günther Albrecht , Alonso Angelika , Fuhrer Hannah , Schönenberger Silvia , Petersen Martina , Kohle Felix , Müller Annekatrin , Gawlitza Alexander , Gubarev Waldemar , Holtkamp Martin , Vorderwülbecke Bernd ,   das IGNITE!-Forschungsnetzwerk der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurointensiv- und -notfallmedizin
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Akut-symptomatische epileptische Anfälle treten in engem zeitlichem Zusammenhang mit einer akuten Störung der Hirnfunktion auf. Sie sind mit einem niedrigen Risiko späterer unprovozierter Anfallsrezidive assoziiert. Daher empfehlen aktuelle Leitlinien keine längerfristige medikamentöse Anfallsprophylaxe. Dennoch werden im klinischen Alltag oft langfristige sekundärprophylaktische Therapien begonnen. Die Anfallsprognose nach leitliniengerecht nicht oder nur kurzzeitig behandelten akut-symptomatischen Anfällen ist bisher unbekannt.

Hypothese
Nach einem akut-symptomatischen Erstanfall struktureller Ätiologie ist das 1‑Jahres-Risiko für unprovozierte Rezidivanfälle nicht höher als 25 %, auch wenn keine oder nur eine kurzfristige medikamentöse Anfallsprophylaxe eingesetzt wird.

Methoden
Das PROSA-Register ist eine einarmige, offene, prospektive, multizentrische Beobachtungsstudie. Eingeschlossen werden 115 volljährige Personen mit strukturell bedingtem akut-symptomatischem, epileptischem Erstanfall, sofern dieser kein Status epilepticus war. Der intrahospitale Verlauf wird der Krankenakte entnommen. Nach 3, 6 und 12 Monaten finden telefonische Nachbefragungen statt.

Diskussion
Das PROSA-Register wird als Beobachtungsstudie die derzeitige Behandlungspraxis nach akut-symptomatischem Anfall und die tatsächliche Anfallsprognose innerhalb eines Jahres beleuchten. Die Ergebnisse sollen die vorhandene Evidenz unterstreichen, dass eine medikamentöse Anfallsprophylaxe über die akute Phase der zugrunde liegenden Erkrankung hinaus nicht notwendig ist.

Registrierung
Die Studie wurde prospektiv im Deutschen Register Klinischer Studien unter der ID DRKS00017811 registriert.
Sexual Risk Behavior in HIV-Uninfected Pregnant Women in Western Uganda
Authors: Theuring Stefanie , Rubagumya Kenyonyozi , Schumann Hannah , Harms Gundel , Rubaihayo John , Wanyenze Rhoda 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOur aim was to identify sexual risk behavior among HIV-negative pregnant women in Kabarole District, Uganda, by conducting a cross-sectional study among 1610 women within three healthcare settings. One in six women engaged in HIV-specific risk behaviors including multiple sexual partners or alcohol abuse; 80% of the pregnant women reported to generally abstain from using condoms. In multivariate analysis, predictors of sexual risk behavior included being a client of the public health facilities as compared to the private facility (AOR 3.6 and 4.8, p < 0.001), being single, widowed or divorced or not cohabiting with the partner (AOR 4.7 and 2.3, p < 0.001), as well as higher household wealth (AOR 1.8, p < 0.001) and lack of partner status knowledge (AOR 1.6, p = 0.008). Self-estimated risk perception was linked with engagement in HIV-related risk behaviors except for alcohol abuse. Our findings indicate that reducing risky behaviors in pregnancy in order to prevent HIV should be a high-priority public health concern.
A Fitted L-Multi-Point Flux Approximation Method for Pricing Options
Authors: Koffi Rock Stephane , Tambue Antoine 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a special kind of finite volume method called Multi-Point Flux Approximation method (MPFA) to price European and American options in two dimensional domain. We focus on the L-MPFA method for space discretization of the diffusion term of Black–Scholes operator. The degeneracy of the Black-Scholes operator is tackled using the fitted finite volume method. This combination of fitted finite volume method and L-MPFA method coupled to upwind methods gives us a novel scheme, called the fitted L-MPFA method. Numerical experiments show the accuracy of the novel fitted L-MPFA method comparing to well known schemes for pricing options.