bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Peripheral Blood Parameters and Immune-Related Adverse Events with the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Bai Rilan , Li Lingyu , Chen Xiao , Chen Naifei , Song Wei , Zhang Yongfei , Lv Zheng , Han Fujun , Zhao Yuguang , Li Wei , Cui Jiuwei 
Published: May 2021

Objective. We aimed to retrospectively analyze the predictors of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-efficacy in patients with advanced pancancer who were treated with various ICIs in the real world and focused on the correlation between ICIs-efficacy and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Methods. We retrospectively analyzed data from 103 patients with advanced pancancer treated receiving various ICIs in the First Hospital of Jilin University from January 1, 2016 to August 1, 2020. Survival probabilities of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests and the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. Receiver-operating characteristic curve was used to determine a cutoff value for parameters and area under the curve. Correlations between the two variables were analyzed by logistic regression. Results. All patients were analyzed for survival predictors of OS, while 87 of 103 patients experienced evaluable disease progression of immunotherapy and were included in the analysis of predictors of PFS. First, we found that lower platelet (cutoff = 201.5 × 109/L) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (cutoff = 227 U/L) were independently associated with significantly improved PFS, while lower platelet-lymphocyte ratio (cutoff = 206.5), absolute monocyte count (cutoff = 0.62 × 109/L), and LDH (cutoff = 194.5 U/L) were significantly and independently associated with better OS. In the analysis of the immune cell subgroup, a lower absolute countof CD8+CD28−suppressor T cells was an independent factor associated with better PFS (6.60 vs.4.13 months (mo), hazard ratios (HR) = 3.17,

p

= 0.0038), and OS (29.4 vs. 9.57 mo, HR = 3.05,

p

= 0.03). Second, the results of the analysis for irAEs showed that patients with any grade irAEs had higher objective response rate (30% vs. 10%, HR = 4.34,

p

= 0.009), disease control rate (69.7% vs. 50%, HR = 2.3,

p

= 0.028), PFS (8.37 vs. 3.77 mo, HR = 2.02,

p

= 0.0038), and OS (24.77 vs.13.83 mo, HR = 1.84,

p

= 0.024). Moreover, the groups with irAEs of grade ≥2 and with “multi-site” irAEs had significantly better PFS and OS (

p

< 0.05) compared with the other groups. We also proved that endocrine irAEs (usually thyroid dysfunction) were significantly associated with better mPFS (

p

= 0.01), and hepatic irAEs were significantly associated with better mOS (

p

= 0.023). Conclusions. This retrospective study explored the availability and effectiveness of some cost-effective and readily available blood biochemical parameters in routine clinical practice to predict the ICIs-efficacy and demonstrated the predictive role of different categories of irAEs on efficacy.
CD200 Limits Monopoiesis and Monocyte Recruitment in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Kassiteridi Christina , Cole Jennifer E. , Griseri Thibault , Falck-Hansen Mika , Goddard Michael E. , Seneviratne Anusha N. , Green Patricia A. , Park Inhye , Shami Annelie G. , Pattarabanjird Tanyaporn , Upadhye Aditi , Taylor Angela M. , Handa Ashok , Channon Keith M. , Lutgens Esther , McNamara Coleen A. , Williams Richard O. , Monaco Claudia 
Published: May 2021

Rationale:
Inflammation is a basic component of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. CD200 is an immune checkpoint known to control macrophage activation. CD200 recently emerged in the Framingham Heart Study and 2 other cohorts as being potentially relevant in cardiovascular disease. The role of this pathway in cardiovascular disease is unknown.

Objective:
We sought to examine the role of CD200 in atherosclerosis.

Methods and Results:

Using hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein-E deficient mice, we demonstrate that whole-body CD200 deficiency augments atherosclerotic lesion formation and vulnerability. Administration of a CD200-Fusion protein reduces neointima formation. Our data show that the CD200-CD200R pathway restrains activation of CD200R+ lesional macrophages, their production of CCR2 ligands, and monocyte recruitment in vitro and in vivo in an air pouch model. Loss of CD200 leads to an excessive accumulation of classical Ly6C
hi
monocytes and CCR2
+
macrophages within the atherosclerotic aorta, as assessed by mass cytometry. Moreover, we uncover a previously uncharacterized effect of the CD200/CD200R pathway in limiting dysregulated monopoiesis and Ly6C
hi
monocytosis in hypercholesterolemic mice. Bone marrow chimera experiments demonstrate that the CD200-CD20R pathway enables 2 complementary and tissue-dependent strategies to limit atherogenesis: CD200 expression by bone marrow–derived cells limits systemic monocytosis, while CD200 expression by nonhematopoietic cells, for example, endothelial cells, prevents local plaque growth. We show that CD200R signaling controls monopoiesis and macrophage activation through inhibiting phosphorylation of STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1). Finally, CD200R expression on classical monocytes in peripheral blood of patients with coronary artery disease is associated with a lower burden of coronary artery disease and a more favorable Virtual Histology plaque profile.

Conclusions:
The CD200 checkpoint is a key-limiting factor for monopoiesis, monocyte-macrophage activation, and recruitment in atherosclerosis with conserved features in human and mouse. It thus offers a novel potential therapeutic pathway to treat cardiovascular disease.
Christianity, Coloniality, and Social Change
Authors: Higgs Eleanor Tiplady 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Since 1931, there have been two separate Young Women’s Christian Associations (YWCA s) in South Africa. Each has responded differently to its origins in British coloniality and missionary, evangelical-Protestant Christianity. This article offers a historical, comparative analysis of the YWCA s in South Africa, illustrating their diverging ethical responses to coloniality, racism, and apartheid. Both organisations claimed the ‘YWCA’ identity as their own, and similarly each identified Christian faith and Christian values as the basis and inspiration for their work. Such similarities occasionally led to parallel interventions, as in both organisations’ earlier promotion of domesticity. Notably, however, the YWCA s did not arrive at similar understandings of how they should respond to their socio-political context. The history of the YWCA s in South Africa demonstrates the complex interaction of institutional Christian identity with other personal and collective commitments; race and nation.
Evaluation of a Housing First programme for people from the public mental health sector with severe and persistent mental illnesses and precarious housing: Housing, health and service use outcomes
Authors: Dunt David Robert , Day Susan Elizabeth , Collister Laura , Fogerty Beth , Frankish Rosie , Castle David J , Hoppner Cayte , Stafrace Simon , Sherwood Sharon , Newton J Richard , Redston Suzy 
Published: May 2021

Aims and context: This paper reports the evaluation of the Doorway program (2015-18) in Melbourne, Australia. Doorway extends the original Housing First (HF) model in providing housing support to people with precarious housing at-risk of homelessness with Serious and Persistent Mental Illnesses (SPMIs) receiving care within Victoria’s public mental health system. Doorway participants source and choose properties through the open rental market, and receive rental subsidies, assistance, advocacy and brokerage support through their Housing and Recovery Worker (HRW). The aim of this study is to estimate Doorway’s impact on participants’ housing, quality of life and mental health service use. Methodology: The study employed a a quasi-experimental study design with a comparison group, adjusted for ten potential confounders. The primary outcome measure was days of secure housing per participant. Secure housing status, health service usage and quality of life (HoNOS) data were extracted from participants’ electronic hospital and Doorway records in deidentified, non-reidentifiable form. Analysis for continuous outcome variables was based on multivariate GLM modelling. Results: Doorway housed 89 (57%) of 157 accepted participants. The 157 Doorway participants overall were also housed for significantly more days (119.4 extra days per participant) than control participants, albeit after some delay in locating and moving into housing (mean 14 weeks). There was a significant, positive Doorway effect on health outcomes (all and one dimension of the HoNOS). Doorway participants had significantly reduced length of stay during acute and community hospital admissions (7.4 fewer days per participant) compared with the control group. Conclusion: The Doorway model represents a new and substantial opportunity to house, enhance health outcomes and reduce mental health service use for people with SPMIs from the public mental health sector and at-risk of homelessness.
Teaching About Systemic Ethical Misconduct Increases Awareness of Ethical Principles: A Replication and Extension of Grose-Fifer’s (2017) Tuskegee Role-Play Activity
Authors: Rose Maya C. , Brodsky Jessica E. , Che Elizabeth S. , Brooks Patricia J. 
Published: May 2021

Background: Introductory Psychology students rarely learn about unethical biomedical research outside the Tuskegee syphilis study, but these practices were widespread in U.S. public health research (e.g., at the Willowbrook State School researchers infected children with disabilities with hepatitis). Objectives: Replicate and extend Grose-Fifer’s research ethics activity by evaluating if an online homework and in-class role-play increased awareness of unethical research and abuses at Tuskegee (replication) and Willowbrook (extension) and subsequent changes in human subjects protections. Method: As homework, students read about the studies and wrote statements from perspectives of individuals involved. In class, students read their statements and discussed how outrage led to research conduct regulations. Online pre/posttests asked students why it was important to learn about both studies. Results: At posttest, students were more aware of unethical research at Willowbrook and that Tuskegee led to changes in human subjects protections. Students who completed the role-play activity were less likely to mention abuses for Tuskegee than students who did not participate. Conclusion: We were partially successful in replicating and extending Grose-Fifer. Teaching Implications: Research ethics instruction should draw attention to historical precedents and how public outrage and social activism led to increased protections for research participants.
Frailty is Associated With Frontal Cortex-Related Cognitive Function in Patients With Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Chang Yu San , Wang Chin Jen , Wu Chiu Hsiang , Wu Yu Hsuan , Lee Hsin Ning 
Published: May 2021

Objective: We compared the cognitive functions of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients who were robust, frail or pre-frail and hypothesized that declines in frontal cortex-related neuropsychological function would be associated with frailty. Method: One hundred and sixty outpatients aged 65 years or older with mild AD were enrolled. Cognitive function was assessed using the Cognitive Ability Screening Instrument and further classified into 4 clusters (recent memory, frontal cortex cluster, posterior cortex cluster, and orientation). Other variables included depressive mood, daily activities, body mass index, handgrip strength (HGS), and normal gait speed (NGS). Results: Performance in daily activities, and slower NGS than robust group. Both the frail and pre-frail groups had lower HGS and more depressive symptoms than robust group. Generalized linear with ordinal logistic analysis showed that increment in age, slowing in NGS, and worse frontal cortex cluster function associated with being in a higher level of frailty. The patients with depression symptoms were the odds of being in a higher level of frailty compared to those without depression symptoms. Conclusions: In addition to physical and psychological symptoms, frailty is associated with specific cognitive domains in patients with AD. A multidimensional approach should be used to assess the impact of intervention programs focusing on frail patients with AD.
Overall health impacts of a potential increase in cycle commuting in Stockholm, Sweden
Authors: Sommar Johan Nilsson , Johansson Christer , Lövenheim Boel , Schantz Peter , Markstedt Anders , Strömgren Magnus , Stigson Helena , Forsberg Bertil 
Published: May 2021

Aims: To estimate the overall health impact of transferring commuting trips from car to bicycle. Methods: In this study registry information on the location of home and work for residents in Stockholm County was used to obtain the shortest travel route on a network of bicycle paths and roads. Current modes of travel to work were based on travel survey data. The relation between duration of cycling and distance cycled was established as a basis for selecting the number of individuals that normally would drive a car to work, but have a distance to work that they could bicycle within 30 minutes. The change in traffic flows was estimated by a transport model (LuTrans) and effects on road traffic injuries and fatalities were estimated by using national hospital injury data. Effects on air pollution concentrations were modelled using dispersion models. Results: Within the scenario, 111,000 commuters would shift from car to bicycle. On average the increased physical activity reduced the one-year mortality risk by 12% among the additional bicyclists. Including the number of years lost due to morbidity, the total number of disability adjusted life-years gained was 696. The amount of disability adjusted life-years gained in the general population due to reduced air pollution exposure was 471. The number of disability adjusted life-years lost by traffic injuries was 176. Also including air pollution effects among bicyclists, the net benefit was 939 disability adjusted life-years per year. Conclusions: Large health benefits were estimated by transferring commuting by car to bicycle.
New data on nordite-(Ce) and the establishment of the nordite supergroup
Authors: Dal Bo Fabrice , Gulbransen Emil Holtung , Friis Henrik 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA nomenclature scheme has been set up for the nordite supergroup of minerals, which have the general formula A2BXYZT6O17 and where A = Na; B = Na, Ca; X = Sr, Ca, Ba; Y = REE, Sr; Z = Zn, Fe, Mn, Mg and T = Si. The nordite supergroup includes nordite-(La), nordite-(Ce), ferronordite-(La), ferronordite-(Ce) and manganonordite-(Ce), as well as meieranite which is considered as an unassigned member of the nordite supergroup. In the known nordite-group minerals the Y site is occupied by rare earth elements (REE), while in meieranite the Y site is occupied by Sr. The dominant element on the tetrahedral Z site determines the prefix used in the mineral name. New rootnames must be given to species with a different dominant element on the A, B or X sites. Nordite supergroup minerals are orthorhombic, although nordite-group minerals and meieranite crystallise in the Pcca and P21nb space groups, respectively. The proposed nomenclature scheme for the nordite supergroup has been approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA). In addition, new chemical and structural investigations were performed on nordite-(Ce) from Illutalik (Igdlutalik), South Greenland, leading to the first crystal structure refinement for nordite-(Ce).
Integrative genomics of the mammalian alveolar macrophage response to intracellular mycobacteria
Authors: Hall Thomas J. , Mullen Michael P. , McHugo Gillian P. , Killick Kate E. , Ring Siobhán C. , Berry Donagh P. , Correia Carolina N. , Browne John A. , Gordon Stephen V. , MacHugh David E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Bovine TB (bTB), caused by infection with Mycobacterium bovis, is a major endemic disease affecting global cattle production. The key innate immune cell that first encounters the pathogen is the alveolar macrophage, previously shown to be substantially reprogrammed during intracellular infection by the pathogen. Here we use differential expression, and correlation- and interaction-based network approaches to analyse the host response to infection with M. bovis at the transcriptome level to identify core infection response pathways and gene modules. These outputs were then integrated with genome-wide association study (GWAS) data sets to enhance detection of genomic variants for susceptibility/resistance to M. bovis infection.

Results
The host gene expression data consisted of RNA-seq data from bovine alveolar macrophages (bAM) infected with M. bovis at 24 and 48 h post-infection (hpi) compared to non-infected control bAM. These RNA-seq data were analysed using three distinct computational pipelines to produce six separate gene sets: 1) DE genes filtered using stringent fold-change and P-value thresholds (DEG-24: 378 genes, DEG-48: 390 genes); 2) genes obtained from expression correlation networks (CON-24: 460 genes, CON-48: 416 genes); and 3) genes obtained from differential expression networks (DEN-24: 339 genes, DEN-48: 495 genes). These six gene sets were integrated with three bTB breed GWAS data sets by employing a new genomics data integration tool—gwinteR. Using GWAS summary statistics, this methodology enabled detection of 36, 102 and 921 prioritised SNPs for Charolais, Limousin and Holstein-Friesian, respectively.

Conclusions
The results from the three parallel analyses showed that the three computational approaches could identify genes significantly enriched for SNPs associated with susceptibility/resistance to M. bovis infection. Results indicate distinct and significant overlap in SNP discovery, demonstrating that network-based integration of biologically relevant transcriptomics data can leverage substantial additional information from GWAS data sets. These analyses also demonstrated significant differences among breeds, with the Holstein-Friesian breed GWAS proving most useful for prioritising SNPS through data integration. Because the functional genomics data were generated using bAM from this population, this suggests that the genomic architecture of bTB resilience traits may be more breed-specific than previously assumed.
Circular RNA circFADS2 is overexpressed in sepsis and suppresses LPS-induced lung cell apoptosis by inhibiting the maturation of miR-15a-5p
Authors: Hong Xiaoyang , Li Shuanglei , Wang Jie , Zhao Zhe , Feng Zhichun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Circular RNA circFADS2 plays protective roles in LPS-induced inflammation, which promotes sepsis, suggesting its involvement in sepsis.

Methods
Expression of circFADS2, mature miR-15a-5p, and miR-15a-5p precursor in plasma samples from sepsis patients and healthy controls was determined by RT-qPCR. The circFADS2 expression vector was transfected in lung cells, followed by the measurement of the expression levels of mature miR-15a-5p and miR-15a-5p precursor to study the role of circFADS2 in miR-15a-5p maturation. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by cell apoptosis assay.

Results
CircFADS2 was upregulated in sepsis and inversely correlated with mature miR-15a-5p, but not miR-15a-5p precursor. In lung cells, circFADS2 overexpression decreased the level of mature miR-15a-5p, but not miR-15a-5p precursor. LPS treatment decreased miR-15a-5p expression and increased circFADS2 level. Cell apoptosis analysis showed that circFADS2 overexpression reduced miR-15a-5p overexpression-induced apoptosis of LPS-treated lung cells.

Conclusions
CircFADS2 is upregulated in sepsis to suppress LPS-induced lung cell apoptosis by inhibiting miR-15a-5p maturation.
Impairments in brain perfusion, executive control network, topological characteristics, and neurocognition in adult patients with asymptomatic Moyamoya disease
Authors: He Shihao , Liu Ziqi , Wei Yanchang , Duan Ran , Xu Zongsheng , Zhang Cai , Yuan Li , Li Tian , Ma Ning , Lou Xin , Liu Xiaoyuan , Wang Rong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Asymptomatic Moyamoya disease (MMD) impairs hemodynamic and cognitive function. The relationship between these changes, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and network connectivity remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to increase understanding of the relationship between CBF, functional networks, and neurocognition in adults with asymptomatic MMD. We compared CBF and functional status in 26 patients with MMD and 20 healthy controls using arterial spin labeling and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging sequences. At the same time, a detailed cognitive test was performed in 15 patients with no cerebral or lumen infarction who were selected by magnetic resonance imaging-T2 FLAIR screening.

Results
Compared to the controls, the patients showed varying degrees of decline in their computational ability (simple subtraction, p = 0.009; complex subtraction, p = 0.006) and short-term memory (p = 0.042). The asymptomatic MMD group also showed decreased CBF in the left anterior central and left inferior frontal gyri of the island flap with multiple node abnormalities in the brain network and reduced network connectivity. There was a significant association of these changes with cognitive decline in the MMD group.

Conclusions
In patients with asymptomatic MMD, disturbance of CBF and impaired brain network connections may be important causes of cognitive decline and appear before clinical symptoms.
Clinical trial registration-URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn
Unique identifier: ChiCTR1900023610