bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Possible Responses of Radon-222, Magnetic Effects, and Total Electron Content to Earthquakes on the North Anatolian Fault Zone, Turkiye: An ARIMA and Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Mohammed Dawar Hama Khalid , Külahcı Fatih , Muhammad Ahmad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Around the world, earthquake forecasting studies have become very important nowadays due to the increase in number of fatal earthquakes annually. This paper proposes to achieve a possible relationship between soil radon gas concentration and atmospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) during earthquakes taking into account magnetic effects on the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) in Turkiye. The ARIMA and Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) are employed for determining radon gas concentrations by taking into account magnetic effects as an innovative approach. In the study area relatively small and medium-scale earthquakes have taken place during the observation period. As a result of the investigations, the relationships between each of the parameters and earthquakes are determined, and hence, a good relationship is obtained between Rn gas anomaly and micro-seismic activity. In the ionosphere, geomagnetic activity has a primary impact and long duration on TEC distribution, but due to micro-seismic events it has rather small influence. The proposed ARIMA and MCS simulations to detect changes in soil Rn gas concentrations have significant results for detecting micro-seismic activity anomalies.
Surgical Challenges in Posterior Cervicothoracic Junction Instrumentation
Authors: Balestrino Alberto , Gondar Renato , Jannelli Gianpaolo , Zona Gianluigi , Tessitore Enrico 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) is a region of the spine submitted to significant mechanical stress. The peculiar anatomical and biomechanical characteristics make posterior surgical stabilization of this area particularly challenging. We present and discuss our surgical series highlighting the specific surgical challenges provided by this region of the spine.Methods: We have analyzed and reported retrospective data from patients who underwent a posterior cervicothoracic instrumentation between 2011 and 2019 at the Neurosurgical Department of the Geneva University Hospitals. We have discussed C7 and Th1 instrumentation techniques, rods design, extension of constructs and spinal navigation.Results: 36 patients were enrolled. We have preferentially used lateral mass (LM) screws in the subaxial spine, pedicle screws (PS) in C7, Th1 and upper thoracic spine. We have found no superiority of 3D navigation techniques over 2D fluoroscopy guidance in PS placement accuracy, probably due to the relatively small case series. Surgical site infection was the most frequent complication, significantly associated with tumor as diagnosis.Conclusions: When technically feasible, PS represent the technique of choice for C7 and Th1 instrumentation although other safe techniques are available. Different rods constructs are described although significant differences in biomechanical stability still need to be clarified. Spinal navigation should be used whenever available even though 2D fluoroscopy is still a safe option. Posterior instrumentation of the CTJ is a challenging procedure but with correct surgical planning and technique it is safe and effective.
Childhood Obesity and Overweight in Uganda: Evidence From the Uganda Demographic Health Survey 2016
Authors: Sserwanja Quraish , Mutisya Linet M. , Olal Emmanuel , Musaba Milton W. , Mukunya David 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Childhood obesity is an emerging public health problem. Although previously a problem of high-income countries, low- and middle-income countries are now registering higher proportions of overweight and obese children. Studies in Africa have mainly focused on undernutrition among children. This paper explores the factors associated with childhood obesity and overweight in Uganda using data from the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) of 2016.Methods: We used Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) 2016 data of 4,338 children less than five years. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select study participants and data were collected using validated questionnaires. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with obesity and overweight among children under the age of five in Uganda.Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 5.0% (217/4338) (95% CI: 4.3–5.6) with overweight at 3.9% (168/4338: 95% CI: 3.2–4.3) and obesity at 1.1% (49/4338: 95% CI: 0.8–1.5). Boys were more likely to be overweight or obese (adjusted odds ratio: aOR = 2.00; 95% CI 1.42–2.82) compared to girls. Furthermore, children from the Western region (aOR = 1.61; 95% CI 1.07–2.44) compared to those from the North, children below the age of 49 months and those with mothers who were overweight or obese (aOR = 3.36; 95% CI 1.53–7.34) were more likely to be obese or overweight compared to their counterparts who were above 48 months and those with underweight mothers respectively.Conclusion: The present study showed male sex, older age of the children, nutritional status of the mothers and region of residence were associated with overnutrition among under five children in Uganda.
The identification of pregnant women with renal colic who may need&nbsp;surgical intervention
Authors: Maomao He , Lei Ming , Xiaoting Lin , Xu Xiaolan , He Zhihui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives: To analyze clinical data and stone-related factors to identify predictive factors for surgical intervention in pregnant women with renal colic. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 212 pregnant women presenting with renal colic between 1st January 2009 and 31st December 2019. Patients were grouped according to surgical intervention and a range of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and ultrasound data were obtained. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified a range of predictive variables for surgical intervention. In addition, we used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate the predictive power of our model and created a nomogram for clinical application. Results: Of the 212 patients presenting with acute renal colic in pregnancy, 100 patients (47.2%) underwent surgical intervention and 112 patients (52.8%) were treated conservatively. Univariate analysis identified significant differences between the two groups with regards to fever, the duration of pain, white blood cells (WBCs), C-reactive protein (CRP), ureteral stone size, hydronephrosis, and stone location. Multivariate analysis further identified a number of independent predictors for surgical intervention, including fever, a duration of pain ≥4 days, a ureteral stone size ≥ 8 mm, and moderate or severe hydronephrosis.Conclusions: We identified several independent predictors for surgical intervention for renal colic in pregnancy. Fever, a duration of pain ≥4 days, a ureteral stone size ≥8 mm, and moderate/severe hydronephrosis, play significant roles in predicting surgical intervention. Our nomogram can help to calculate the probability of surgical intervention in a simple and efficient manner. Prospective studies are now required to validate our model.
Exploring the acceptance of telehealth within palliative care: A Self-Determination Theory perspective.
Authors: Keenan Joseph , Rahman Rachel , Hudson Joanne 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to explore potential divergence and convergence in relation to health care professionals’ and patients’ acceptability of the use of telehealth within palliative care provision through the lens of Self-Determination Theory.The research utilized a deductive qualitative approach utilizing semi-structured interviews to explore divergence and convergence between health care professionals’ preconceptions of the use of telehealth in palliative care and the lived experiences of patients accessing support in this manner. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with both professionals and patients to explore whether the barriers and benefits of telehealth perceived by professionals corresponded to the patient’s lived experience of utilizing the technology in their palliative care. Interviews were analyzed using a deductive thematic analysis.Professionals and patients identified that the use of telehealth could satisfy the need for autonomy, however this manifested in different ways. Greater divergence was apparent between patient and professional perceptions about how telehealth could satisfy the need for relatedness and competence needs. The findings of this paper highlight how professionals preconceived concerns about the use of telehealth in relation to providing supportive palliative care may not be realized when exploring the experiences of patients accessing services through this medium. This paper highlights the important role of psychological need satisfaction when considering acceptability of telehealth, and motivation to engage in the implementation of technologically driven health services.
Efficacy evaluation of methanolic extracts of Calpurnia aurea and Schinus molle plants against the cattle lice Linognathus vitulli
Authors: Abubeker Abdi , Assen Alula , Dhuguma Ararsa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Ectoparasites of livestock in general and lice in particular pose serious economic losses to the farmer, the tanning industry, and the country as a whole. Although the treatment of ectoparasites have been attempted by various chemical agents, the efficacy of the agents hampered by the development of drug resistance. Thus, Ethnoveterinary botanicals are an alternative control strategy for being sustainable and ecologically sound. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the louscidal activity of crude methanolic extracts of Calpurnea aurea and Schinus molle plants against the cattle lice, Linognathus vituli using the in vitro Adult Immersion Test (AIT). Six graded concentrations of the crude extracts, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/ml, were tested at different time intervals, and temporal changes in tick viability were recorded for 24 hours.
Results
After 24hrs post-exposure, two higher concentrations (200 and 100 mg/ml) of C. aurea extract caused 100±0.0% and 96.6±3.3% lice mortality, whereas S. molle extract caused 90±5.7% and 83.3±3.3% mortality, respectively. Louscidal activity varies with the type of plant extract, concentration and exposure time. After 24 hours of exposure to the extracts, the highest mortality was recorded for extracts from C. aurea with LC50 values of 8.83 mg/ml compared to S.molle with LC50 values of 16.68 mg/ml.
Conclusions
The louscidal activity of the plant extracts increases with increasing exposure time and concentration as well. Thus, the plant extracts could be used against Linognatus vituli as a potential alternative for the control of lice.
Keywords: Calpurnea aurea, Ethnoveterinary, lice, Adult Immersion Test, Schinus molle
Early effects of inspiratory muscle training in critical patients submitted to mechanical ventilation: A study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: de Oliveira Franciele Borges , Mesquita Fabrício Olinda de Souza , de Medeiros Jéssica Mascena , Ribeiro Hálisson Alves , de Oliveira Paula Tamara Fonseca , Carvalho Rodrigo Gustavo da Silva 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Respiratory muscle weakness is one of the primary factors associated with difficulty of ventilatory weaning in critically ill patients. In this sense, inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is a possible facilitator of successful weaning. One of the devices used for IMT is the POWERbreathe®, because it provides a linear pressure load, with the possibility of gradual increments. The effectiveness of early IMT in this population is not yet well known. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of early IMT with a mechanical loading device on the weaning time of patients on invasive mechanical ventilation (primary outcome), respiratory muscle strength, length of stay in the intensive care unit and in the success rate of weaning (secondary outcomes).Methods: This randomised controlled trial, a single blind evaluation, will be conducted in the intensive care unit of a university hospital on 42 adults, who will be randomly and blindly categorised into the control group, comprising patients who undergo routine physical therapy only, and the training group, comprising patients who undergo routine physical therapy associated with IMT twice a day, with load adjusted daily at 50% of maximum inspiratory pressure, three series of 10 repetitions with one minute rest in between. Both groups will be assessed when patients are eligible for the study and before the ventilatory support withdrawal. Effects of the training will be analysed from the collected data using intention-to-treat analysis. Between-group differences will be measured using generalised estimating equations for data analysis.Discussion: Results of this trial will likely provide valuable new information on the effects of IMT on weaning time, respiratory muscle strength, length of stay in the intensive care unit and the success rate of weaning in critically ill patients.Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03758573. 29th November 2018.
Network Biology led identification of critical miRNA modules for High Altitude hypoxia and their potential as dietary supplements
Authors: Gupta Apoorv , R Sugadev , Sharma Y K , Khurana Pankaj 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Early ascent to high altitude can cause severe damage to body functions and may lead to many fatal high-altitude disorders. To cope up with such conditions, the human body undergoes physiological and biochemical changes in order to adapt to extreme environmental conditions at high altitudes. Several microRNAs (miRNAs), Transcription Factors (TFs), and genes have been studied separately for their role in early adaptive molecular responses. We hypothesize that network analysis of miRNA-TF-gene co-regulatory networks of circulatory miRNAs (CmiRNAs) which are differentially expressed at high altitudes could reveal a complex regulatory functional module that might be controlling molecular adaptive responses at high altitude. A comprehensive and non-redundant list of differentially expressed human CmiRNAs during high altitude ascent was collated and 470 Feed-Forward Loops (FFLs) tripartite motifs were identified in the miRNA-TF-gene co-regulatory networks. Network analysis and K-means clustering identified 11 biologically overrepresented FFLs regulated by 8 miRNAs hsa-miR-335-5p, hsa-miR-26a-1-3p, hsa-miR-210-3p, hsa-miR-193b-3p, hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-5582-5p and hsa-miR-130a-3p. Pathway enrichment identified metabolism and inflammation as important hallmark responses responsible for high altitude adaptation. These miRNAs were evaluated for their supplementation from dietary sources. Phylogenetic analysis with 4 other mammalian and non-mammalian species showed that Bos taurus (cattle) milk could be a possible source of these dietary miRNAs. Exogenous miRNAs bta-mir-16-1, bta-mir-130a, bta-miR-335, and bta-miR-210 have >95% of sequence similarity and could become potential dietary miRNAs candidates. The sequence, structural properties, and high AGO2 binding efficiency of all these exogenous miRNAs show good serum stability and cellular uptake possibility in the mammalian host. Bta-miR-210 with highest Minimal Folding free Energy Index (MFEI) and highest Atomic Contact Energy (ACE) with AGO2 has the best potential to be a dietary supplement.
Smart hospitals around the world: a systematic review
Authors: Rasoulian-Kasrineh Marjan , Sharifzadeh Nahid , Tabatabaei Seyyed-Mohammad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

It is almost impossible to think about a non-digital world today. digital technologies have changed our life style and they have also affected many domains including health domain. We are all aware that paper-based hospitals have changed a lot to be paper-less. Then a new term was born which is “smart hospital” and studies have been conducted in this field, so this study was designed to conduct a comprehensive review about smart hospitals.
Methods

741 studies were identified using unique keywords through searching in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase and Scopus databases. Overall, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria (647 based on abstract title and 33 after reading full text) and removing duplicates (43), 18 studies were included in this review.
Results

Geographically, most of the articles were from Asia (50%). The highest number of publications were observed in 2012. A multidisciplinary team were involved in 77% of the researches and 61.12% of them were conducted in more than one research center. The majority of articles have been published in Q1 quality journals (33.34%) and high-income countries accounted for the largest percentage (66.67) of publishing smart hospital related articles. 27.78% of the studies were aimed at patient care, which had the highest percentage. Among the technologies used, RFID was the most and 66.67% of the articles came from researches about the implementation of a smart hospital.
Conclusions

it should be noted that development or implementation of a smart device in a hospital should not be considered as implementing a smart hospital, while many studies have used the term smart hospital in their study. Many Asian researchers have used the term “smart hospital” in their articles, but on the other hand, most of related articles published in Q1 journals were from America and Europe. Also, it was also observed that most studies focused on the two concepts including resource management and patient care.
Peptide OM-LV20 promotes structural and functional recovery of spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Zhao Jian , Pang Ailang , Yang Meifeng , Zhang Xuemei , Zhang Rong , Liu Jingfei , Gu Yuanqi , Li Shanshan , Yin Saige , Hu Yan , Zhang Due , Ba Yingchun , Meng Buliang , Yang Xinwang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
At present, there are no satisfactory therapeutic drugs for the functional recovery of spinal cord injury (SCI). We previously identified a novel peptide (OM-LV20) that accelerated the regeneration of injured skin tissues of mice and exerts neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Here, the intraperitoneal injection of OM-LV20 (1 µg/kg) markedly improved motor function recovery in the hind limbs of rats with traumatic SCI, and further enhanced spinal cord repair. Administration of OM-LV20 increased the number of surviving neuron bodies, as well as the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor tyrosine receptor kinase B. In the acute stage of SCI, OM-LV20 treatment also increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione content but decreased the levels of malonaldehyde and nitric oxide. Thus, OM-LV20 significantly promoted structural and functional recovery of SCI in adult rats by increasing neuronal survival and BDNF and TrkB expression, and thereby regulating the balance of oxidative stress. Based on our knowledge, this research is the first report on the effects of amphibian-derived peptide on the recovery of SCI and our results highlight the potential of peptide OM-LV20 administration in the acceleration of the recovery of SCI.
Polystyrene microplastics induce an immunometabolic active state in macrophages
Authors: Merkley Seth , Moss Harrison C , Goodfellow Samuel M , Ling Christina L , Meyer-Hagen Jewel L , Weaver John , Campen Matthew J , Castillo Eliseo F 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Anti- and pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages are influenced by cellular metabolism. Macrophages are the primary phagocyte in mucosal environments (i.e., intestinal tract and lungs) acting as first-line defense against microorganisms and environmental pollutants. Given we now face extensive microplastic contamination of our food and water sources, we aimed to examine the metabolic response in macrophages to microplastic particles (MP). Utilizing murine macrophages, we assessed the metabolic response of macrophages after polystyrene MP phagocytosis. The phagocytosis of MP by macrophages induced a metabolic shift toward glycolysis and a reduction in mitochondrial respiration that was associated with an increase of cell surface markers CD80 and CD86 and cytokine gene expression associated with glycolysis. The gastrointestinal consequences of this metabolic switch in the context of an immune response remains uncertain but the global rise of plastic pollution and MP ingestion potentially pose an unappreciated health risk.
The Impact of Investment in Human Capital on Bank Performance: Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Akhter Bilkis , Rahman Md. Mominur 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study is to examine the aspects of investment in human capital like training of employees, education level of employees, knowledge level of employees, and skills of employees that influence the performance of a bank and to provide some comments to improve the banking sectors. This research included a conceptual model along with hypotheses. This empirical study is based on primary data. The data were obtained by the convenient sampling procedure with a questionnaire using the Seven Point Likert Scale. The hypothesized model has been validated using data from 261 participants and an analysis was conducted using the system of Structural Equation Modelings (SEM). The results revealed that investment in training, knowledge level and skills of the employee was positively connected to bank performance at less than 1% and a 5% level of significance. But, the employee's educational level does not substantially affect bank output in this analysis. The focus field is the study of the human capital investments of the Human Resources Division at Janata Bank Limited. It investigates different aspects of the Janata Bank’s facilities as well as the problems and prospects. Thus, this study can be a policy dialog for the managers, owners, decision-makers, and academicians.
Sustaining farmers life affected by the natural disaster; an implication during the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Cyio Muhammad Basir , Anshary Alam , Mahfudz Mahfudz , Isrun Isrun , Napitupulu Mery , Fadhliah Fadhliah 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose This study aims to measure two investigate and identify effect of treatment factors: Organic Material and Triple Super Phosphate Fertilizer and also to study four main components: Extension (X1), Agricultural Production Facilities (X2), Government Assistance (X3), and Covid-19 dissemination (X4) information. Materials and methods The data collected through surveys and interviews include; (i) soil characteristics data and (ii) socio-economic conditions of farmers affected by the disaster and the Covid-19 pandemic. The statistical analysis used is Principal Component Analysis (PCA) using the Paleontological Statistics (PAST) application.Result and Discussion The result showed the M3 P3 treatment combination gave the highest effect: pH-H2O (6.13), P-total (52.28 mg/100g), P-available (28.62 ppm), plant dry weight (713.75 g/plot), P-uptake (0.58 g/plant), and Corncob (6.2 t/ha). The main component, the most effective factor to the successive variation X2 (PC-1) 75.55%; X3 (PC-2) 18.22%; and X4 (PC-3) 3.94%, while X1 (PC-4) did not result in variation (2.28%). The probability analysis showed farmers post-Earthquake income was affected by production facilities provisions (X2) p (0.015) < µ(0.05) and Government aid (X3) p (0.035) <µ(0.05) and amidst pandemic (X3) p (0.028) <µ (0.05) by government aid, with Correlation Value of each Jono Oge (R) 0.91 and Toaya (R) 0.64, indicating main component factor in Jono Oge is higher at (0.91) since land was displaced by Liquefaction while (0.64) in Toaya—the ground failure was by Earthquake.