bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopic Anatomy of the TFCC with Relevance to Function and Pathology
Authors: Herzberg Guillaume , Burnier Marion , Nakamura Toshiyatsu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction The authors present a new comprehensive arthroscopic anatomical description of the fibrocartilage complex “TFCC” which is related to the current TFCC functional and pathological knowledge.
Methods Our description of the TFCC is based on an arthroscopic view from the 3-4 portal as observed in more than 100 wrist arthroscopies in fresh cadavers and more than 1000 diagnostic and/or therapeutic wrist arthroscopies.
Results TFCC is considered as a 3-D-3-part box-like structure (Reins, Wall and Disc). The first TFCC component (“R”) corresponds to 2 strong radio-ulnar ligamentous Reins, one dorsal (DRUL) and one palmar (PRUL). This “V-shaped” RUL reins diverge from the fovea and ulnar styloid to the volar and dorsal edges of the sigmoid notch. It is a main stabilizer of the DRUJ. The second TFCC component (“W”) is a continuous, radially concave Peripheral Capsular Wall attached and perpendicular to the RUL reins. It surrounds the ulnar aspect of the ulno-carpal interval while attaching to the RUL reins proximally and to the medial carpus distally. Along with the radiocarpal ligaments, the TFCC peripheral capsular wall contributes to the stability of the carpus with respect to the radius-ulna entity. This is especially true for the thick volar TFCC capsular wall. The third TFCC component (“D”) is the disc proper which is a static and dynamic shock absorber intercalated between the ulnar head and the medial proximal row in the coronal/sagittal planes and between the two strands of the RUL in the axial plane. Its pathology is influenced and related to the ulnar variance.
Discussion This new arthroscopic description of the TFCC provides a comprehensive anatomical, functional ant pathological background for TFCC disorders analysis and treatment. Currently known disorders are included as “R 1,2,3,4”, “W 1, 2, 3, 4”, and “D 1, 2”. Combined TFCC disorders and further new pathology descriptions may be included in this open classification.
Familial Hypomagnesemia with Hypercalciuria, Nephrocalcinosis, and Bilateral Chorioretinal Atrophy in a Patient with Homozygous p.G75S Variant in CLDN19
Authors: Rahmani Nasim , Talebi Saeed , Hooman Nakysa , Karamzade Arezou 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) is a rare disorder caused by perturbation in renal reabsorption of magnesium and calcium. Biallelic pathogenic variants either in gene CLDN16 or CLDN19 are responsible for molecular defects. Most patients with CLDN19 variants have been associated with ocular involvements (FHHNCOI).
Patient and Methods We had a pediatric patient with hypercalciuric hypomagnesemia and bilateral chorioretinal atrophy. Metabolic profiling and radiology examinations were performed, in addition to whole exome sequencing (WES) used for detection of the causative variant.
Results Analysis of WES revealed a homozygous c.223G > A (p.G75S) variant in CLDN19. MutationTaster and Combined Annotation-Dependent Depletion support its deleterious effect and SHERLOC's criteria put it in pathogenic category. This variant is previously reported in compound heterozygous state with other known pathogenic variant. As far as we know, it is the first report of this variant in homozygous state.
Conclusion The variant found in our patient is pathogenic and compatible with FHHNCOI characteristics. WES is an advantageous tool in molecular diagnosis and finding genetic pathology of this disease. In line with other reports, ocular abnormalities are variable in patients with CLDN19 mutations, and chronic kidney disease and retinal damages must be considered in this group.
Explaining the density of post-communist interest group populations—resources, constituencies, and regime change
Authors: Labanino Rafael , Dobbins Michael , Horváthová Brigitte 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe article tests the energy–stability–area (ESA) model of interest group population density on a sample of different 2018 Czech, Hungarian, Polish and Slovenian energy, higher education and health care interest organisation populations. The unique context of recent simultaneous political, economic and in the cases of Czechia and Slovenia, national transitions present a hard test for population ecology theory. Besides the area (constituency size) and energy (resources, issue certainty) terms, the article brings the stability term back into the center of analysis. The stability term, that is, the effect of a profound change or shock to the polity is operationalised as Communist-era population densities. As all three policy domains are heavily state controlled and tightly regulated, the effect of neocorporatist interest intermediation is also tested. The article finds strong support for the energy and neocorporatism hypotheses and provides evidence for the effect of communist-era organisational population density on post-transition densities: The size of 2018 organisational populations is found to be dependent on pre-transition densities. The relationship is, however, not linear but curvilinear. Nevertheless, the analysis indicates that the effect of pre-transition population size is moderated by other environmental level factors.
Large-scale quantitative evidence of media impact on public opinion toward China
Authors: Huang Junming , Cook Gavin G. , Xie Yu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDo mass media influence people’s opinions of other countries? Using BERT, a deep neural network-based natural language processing model, this study analyzes a large corpus of 267,907 China-related articles published by The New York Times since 1970. The output from The New York Times is then compared to a longitudinal data set constructed from 101 cross-sectional surveys of the American public’s views on China, revealing that the reporting of The New York Times on China in one year explains 54% of the variance in American public opinion on China in the next. This result confirms hypothesized links between media and public opinion and helps shed light on how mass media can influence the public opinion of foreign countries.
The structure of CO2 and CH4 at the interface of a poly(urethane urea) oligomer model from the microscopic point of view
Authors: Assis Silva Flavia Cristina , da Costa Lourenço Tuanan , van der Spoel David , Aparicio Santiago , Azevedo dos Reis Rodrigo , Costa Luciano T. 
Published: July 2021

The world desperately needs new technologies and solutions for gas capture and separation. To make this possible, molecular modeling is applied here to investigate the structural, thermodynamic, and dynamical properties of a model for the poly(urethane urea) (PUU) oligomer model to selectively capture CO2 in the presence of CH4. In this work, we applied a well-known approach to derive atomic partial charges for atoms in a polymer chain based on self-consistent sampling using quantum chemistry and stochastic dynamics. The interactions of the gases with the PUU model were studied in a pure gas based system as well as in a gas mixture. A detailed structure characterization revealed high interaction of CO2 molecules with the hard segments of the PUU. Therefore, the structural and energy properties explain the reasons for the greater CO2 sorption than CH4. We find that the CO2 sorption is higher than the CH4 with a selectivity of 7.5 at 298 K for the gas mixture. We characterized the Gibbs dividing surface for each system, and the CO2 is confined for a long time at the gas–oligomer model interface. The simulated oligomer model showed performance above the 2008 Robeson’s upper bound and may be a potential material for CO2/CH4 separation. Further computational and experimental studies are needed to evaluate the material.
Phase shifter based on voltage-controlled magnetic domain walls
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Zhang Chen , Sun Chonglei , Xu Xiao , Du Liuge , Tao Jifang , Zhao Jia 
Published: July 2021

A controllable phase shifter is an essential part of spin-wave (SW) logic devices. Magnetic domain walls (DWs) as magnonic waveguides have been used to study SW propagation in ultrathin ferromagnetic films. In this study, we present a channel for SW propagation that relies on magnetic DWs as natural waveguides and realize phase manipulation by voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) at a lower excitation frequency with micromagnetic simulations. The system model is a double-layer magnetic film structure, containing two oppositely magnetized domains and an upper layer (Co20Fe60B20) coupled with the lower layer ([Co/Pd]) through exchange interaction. The pinning structure can effectively maintain the state of the waveguide during later operation without an additional magnetic field. By numerical micromagnetic simulation, we can clearly see that the exchange-dominated isotropic magnetostatic forward volume like SWs are confined in the Bloch-type DW. The phase accumulation by a propagating SW depends on the accumulated phase wave vector (k) and the distance traveled. Therefore, SWs accumulate more phase through DW waveguides covered by electrodes with different lengths. The phase of the SW is shifted after the SW passes through the voltage region, compared with the waveguide where a voltage is unapplied. As a result, the established phase shifter shows a phase difference of 2π by applying a voltage (E = 1 V/nm), and the length of the applied electrode is about 644 nm.
Nationwide evidence that education disrupts the intergenerational transmission of disadvantage
Authors: Andersen Signe Hald , Richmond-Rakerd Leah S. , Moffitt Terrie E. , Caspi Avshalom 
Published: July 2021

Significance
We leveraged a three-generation approach in 2.1 million Danes to measure the transmission and disruption of multiple health and social disadvantages: poor physical health, poor mental health, social welfare dependency, criminal offending, and protective services involvement. Health and social disadvantages clustered within a small segment of families: Adults who relied disproportionately on multiple, different health and social services tended to have parents who relied disproportionately on multiple, different health and social services and tended to have children who appeared in protective services records. Education disrupted these statistical associations between and within generations and between and within families. If associations are causal, investing in young people’s education potential could interrupt the multigenerational cycle of disadvantage and reduce health and social inequalities.
Epidemic mitigation by statistical inference from contact tracing data
Authors: Baker Antoine , Biazzo Indaco , Braunstein Alfredo , Catania Giovanni , Dall’Asta Luca , Ingrosso Alessandro , Krzakala Florent , Mazza Fabio , Mézard Marc , Muntoni Anna Paola , Refinetti Maria , Sarao Mannelli Stefano , Zdeborová Lenka 
Published: July 2021

Significance
Contact tracing mobile applications are clear candidates for enabling us to slow down an epidemic and keep society running while holding the health risks down. Currently used mobile applications aim to notify individuals who were recently in significant contact with an individual who tested COVID-19 positive. In our work, we aim to quantify the epidemiological gain one would obtain if, additionally, individuals who were recently in contact could exchange messages of information. With such a message-passing addition, the risk of contracting COVID-19 could be estimated with much better accuracy than simple contact tracing. We conclude that probabilistic risk estimation is capable of enhancing performance of digital contact tracing and should be considered in the mobile tracing applications.
Puccinia penicillariae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Laundon G. F. , Waterston J. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Puccinia penicillariae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pycnia and aecia on
Solanum anoplocadium, S. melongena, S. torvum, S. xanthocarpum
. Urediospores and teleutospores on
Beckeropsis uniseta, Cenchrus pennisetiformis, Chloridion cameronii, Pennisetum cenchroides, P. clandestinum, P. purpureum, P. squamulata, P. stramineum, P. typhoides
and
Setaria glauca
[Setaria pumila]
. DISEASE: Leaf rust of millet. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: North America (U.S.A. - Georgia); Africa (A - E. Sudan, Belgian Congo, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Nigeria, Nyasaland, Northern & Southern Rhodesia, Senegal, Tanganyika, Chad, Uganda, South Africa, Sierra Leone); India (Madras) and Pakistan. (CMI Map 225).
Puccinia menthae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Laundon G. F. , Waterston J. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Puccinia menthae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On species of
Blephila, Bystropogon, Calamintha, Clinopodium, Cunila, Hedeoma, Hyssopus, Lycopus, Melissa, Mentha, Micromeria, Monarda, Monardella, Nepeta, Ocimum, Origanum, Pycnanthemum, Satureja, Thymus
and
Ziziphora
. DISEASE: Mint rust is associated with two distinct symptoms: systemically infected swollen shoots with elongated chlorotic internodes bearing malformed chlorotic leaves; and localized lesions on leaves following the development of uredia and telia, which when abundant cause necrosis of large areas and premature defoliation. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Chiefly North Temperate but occurs almost everywhere mint is grown (CMI Map 211). TRANSMISSION: Probably by wind and contaminated rhizomes. For details of spore germination and infection see 9: 558 and 15: 527. There is some doubt as to whether P.
menthae
is truly systemic: some authors have reported mycelium in the rhizome tissues (Ogilvie and Hickman, 17: 6) but others have failed to do so. The ease with which the rhizomes can be cleared of the disease suggests that reinfection of the young stems probably takes place every year afresh from spores adhering to the rhizomes and mixed in the soil.
Purccinia erianthi
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Laundon G. F. , Waterston J. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Purccinia erianthi
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On
Erianthus rufipilis, Saccharum officinarum
and
S. spontaneum
. DISEASE: Leaf rust of sugarcane. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: China and India.
Xanthomonas albilineans
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Hayward A. C. , Waterston J. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Xanthomonas albilineans
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On
Saccharum officinarum
. Orian reports various hosts by inoculation including
Zea mays, Coix lachryma-jobi, Paspalum
spp. etc. (22: 226). DISEASE: Leaf scald. A vascular disease with two distinct phases, acute and chronic (31: 144). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: St. Lucia, Martinique, British Guiana, Surinam, Brazil, Hawaii, Mauritius, Madagascar, Reunion, Formosa, Ceylon, Indo-China, Japan, Java, Philippine Islands, Fiji, Australia (New South Wales, Queensland). (CMI Map 33). TRANSMISSION: Primarily on infected cuttings, secondary by contaminated knives or other harvesting instruments (see also 31: 144, for spread by rats, and beetles. etc.).
Gibberella fujikuroi
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Booth C. , Waterston J. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Gibberella fujikuroi
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On several hosts of economic importance in the
Gramineae
; also on a very wide range of hosts represented by the following families:
Amarantaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Betulaceae, Bromeliaceae, Buxaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Coniferae, Cruciferae, Convolvulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Iridaceae, Lauraceae, Leguminosae, Liliaceae, Linaceae, Malvaceae, Marantaceae, Moraceae, Musaceae, Palmae, Polemoniaceae, Rosaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Sterculiaceae, Tiliaceae
(14: 708; 31: 515; 36: 501; 40: 89 and Herb. IMI). DISEASES: Causing seedling bright, food rot, stunting and hypertrophy of shoots ('bakanae') of rice; associated with seed rot, seedling blight, ear rot, root and stalk rot of maize and sorghum; stem rot and top rot ('pokkah boeng') of sugar-cane (also reported on sorghum); seedling blight, root rot and pink boll of cotton and seedling blight of wheat. Also recorded causing wilt in
Crotalaria
and decay to fruit of banana, pineapple and tomato. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in both humid and sub-humid temperate zones and extending into sub-topical and tropical zones in Africa, Asia, Australasia & Oceania, Europe, Central America & West Indies, and North & South America (CMI Map 102, Ed.3). TRANSMISSION: Both seed and soil-borne (13: 262) as well as by air-borne spores produced on over-wintered plant debris where the pathogen may retain its viability for over two years (12: 532).
Gibberella xylarioides
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Booth C. , Waterston J. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Gibberella xylarioides
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On
Coffea canephora
and
C. liberica
. DISEASE: Tracheomycosis of coffee. The pathogen invades the vascular tissues causing a rapid wilt and death of the tree after a slow incubation period. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: The Congo, Central African Republic and the Ivory Coast. TRANSMISSION: Conidia and ascospores dispersed by rain, wind and human traffic, as well as by contact between bushes (35: 182 et
sassim
).
Fusarium solani
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Booth C. , Waterston J. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Fusarium solani
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a very wide range of hosts distributed among 66 families. DISEASE: A facultative parasite associated with wounds and other localized infections on hosts weakened by unfavourable conditions or by injuries from nematodes or infection by viruses or other fungi such as species of
Phytophthora, Botryosphaeria, Macrophomina, Pyrenochaeta, Rhizoctonia
and
Fusarium
. Causing damping-off of seedlings of many plants, including the cultivated mushroom (
Agaricus
); associated with a foot-rot of peas and other legumes, strawberry and sesame; a root rot of bean, red clover and other legumes, onion, cucumber, and citrus and a wilt of chill); a bark canker of swamp tupelo, yellow poplar and maple; and storage rot of apple, potato, kola and yam. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide in soil. TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne, increasing in incidence in cultivated soil and becoming dominant in partially sterilised soil (30: 365; 42: 298; 29: 55a). A soil inhabitant [see Stover (1962: 82) for comments on this species], viable in soil at depth of 40 cm, and persisting in the absence of the host for at least five years in naturally infected field soil as chlamylospores [Nash (1963); see also 38: 4; 39: 590]. May be spread to peas by rain splash in soil particles following injury from sand storms (33: 63). Also spread in irrigation water (34: 508; 37: 76).
Phytophthora syringae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Waterhouse G. M. , Waterston J. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Phytophthora syringae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On
Syringa vulgaris, Castanea saliva, Cereus martianus, C. tetracanthus, Citrus
spp.,
Foeniculum vulgare, Malus pumila, Prunus armeniaca, P. cerasus, P. persica, Pyrus communis
and
Pyrus
sp. Also pathogenic to the following hosts on inoculation;
Aesculus hippocastanum, Alnus glutinosa, Chionanthus virginica, Corylus avellana, Crataegus oxyacantha, Jasminum nudiflorum, Ligustrum vulgare, Prunus domestica
and
Quercus
spp. DISEASE: Causing twig blight and wilt of lilac. Also on apple and pear and other woody
Rosaceae
causing fruit rot and collar rot; on sweet chestnut and beech causing root rot; on citrus causing fruit brown rot and twig and blossom blight; on fennel causing a leaf blight, and on cacti causing stem rot. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Eire, Great Britain, France, Greece, Germany, Holland, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Sicily, Sweden, U.S.S.R., Yugoslavia); North America (Canada, U.S.A.); Asia (? India) and New Zealand. (CMI Map 174) TRANSMISSION: Soil borne, common in orchard soils and persisting in arable land for as long as 15 years after orchards have been ploughed up (42: 75), but not present in soils under cultivation for as long as 138 years (38: 213). Pathogenicity to lilac was unimpaired after storage for 2 years in bog soil (1: 399). Disseminated by water (6: 668) and in irrigation canals and reservoirs supplying citrus groves in California during winter and spring (39: 24).
Xanthomonas phaseoli
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Hayward A. C. , Waterston J. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Xanthomonas phaseoli
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On
Phaseolus vulgaris
and other species of
Phaseolus
and
Lablab niger
[Lablab purpureus]
. DISEASE: Common blight. A disease affecting leaves, stems, seed and pods, mainly confined to the parenchyma but which may invade the vascular system and cause a wilt. Symptoms are very similar to halo blight and the two diseases often occur together. An association with common bean mosaic virus is also found. The leaf symptoms are enhanced synergistically in mixed infections (38: 437; 24: 47), but after serial passage the virus becomes dominant. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: As with
Pseudomonas phascolicola
, the pathogen is probably found in most countries where beans are grown (CMI Map 441, 1965). TRANSMISSION: The pathogen is seed-borne and is harboured beneath the seed coat where it may remain viable for several years. Dissemination in the field is by wind-driven rain, insects, infected plant debris or wind blown soil (37: 128). The pathogen enters through the stomata or wounds Overhead sprinkler irrigation may be a means of spread, but not furrow irrigation (34: 339). Unlike the halo blight pathogen,
X. phaseoli
can overwinter on infected stems and leaves, and be perpetuated on hosts other than species of
Phaseolus
. Soaking bean seeds in suspensions of the root nodule bacterium for inoculation purposes may inadvertently result in a great increase in infection where the original incidence was slight.