bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Commentary on: a comparison of dementia assessment service provision across three English county intellectual disability services
Authors: Dodd Karen 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to consider the issue of types of assessment offered by services for people with learning disabilities from the research study “A Comparison of Dementia Assessment Services for People with Intellectual Disabilities”.

Design/methodology/approach
The commentary is based on a review of the associated literature.

Findings
Assessment for possible dementia is a complex activity. The gold standard is to ensure that the assessment process is comprehensive including both direct assessments with the person and gathering information from key informants. The issues in not adopting this methodology are considered, as are issues in what services and assessments are called.

Originality/value
The commentary considers the studies presented from a practitioner perspective.
Identification and prioritization of critical success factors of knowledge management implementation using a novel hybrid group decision-making model
Authors: Ghasemi Behzad , Valmohammadi Changiz 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the critical success factors (CSFs) of knowledge management (KM) implementation through a novel hybrid model, namely, Fuzzy Delphi method (FDM), interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and revised Simos, which is one of group decision-making (GDM) approaches.

Design/methodology/approach
The CSFs of KM implementation were identified through a systematic literature review. FDM was adopted to determine the CSFs in the Iranian oil industry. Then, a novel hybrid model consisting of ISM and revised Simos techniques were used to classify and prioritize the CSFs.

Findings
The obtained results suggest that there are 13 CSFs of KM implementation. The result of ISM shows that the CSFs of KM implementation were classified into five levels. The result of revised Simos reveals that the “human resources management” obtained the highest priority and “leadership commitment and support” and “intellectual capital” ranked second and third, respectively.

Research limitations/implications
As this research was performed in the Iranian oil industry, caution should be taken regarding the generalizability of the obtained results.

Practical implications
The top managers of the surveyed companies could get acquainted with CSFs of KM implementation in their organization and use a GDM technique that has various advantages to solve the relevant problems.

Originality/value
This paper provides a twofold contribution to expand KM and GDM literature and to the best knowledge of the authors, it is a novel hybrid GDM model of its kind.
The impact of mobile shadow IT usage on knowledge protection: an exploratory study
Authors: Abbas Mohammed , Alghail Adnan 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The mobile shadow information technology (IT) phenomenon is both completely misunderstood and negatively explored by those participating inside the organizational ecosystem. It represents all internet-based software, any other solutions for communications or employees’ sharing without any formal authorization or approval from the IT department. Such behavior can lead to a security breach of the organization’s data privacy, as these risks could disseminate it without the organization fully knowing. Recent research identifies that shadow IT is rarely covered from the knowledge sharing and knowledge protection (KP) perspective. This paper aims to provide an insight on how mobile shadow IT as a phenomenon could impact KP of an organization as a whole.

Design/methodology/approach
This is an exploratory study based on a qualitative approach. The authors conducted interviews with 11 IT users to answer the main research question. The interview guidelines were divided into three parts: types of mobile shadow IT and occurrence; KP nature in the workplace; and mobile shadow IT impact on KP.

Findings
The research findings identified that most interviewees use mobile shadow IT without any notice or permission from their IT departments. This sharing also negatively impacts the KP in the organization. The most common mobile shadow IT applications are the clouded type like Dropbox, Google Drive and WhatsApp. Interviewees are using mobile shadow IT mainly because organizations do not provide suitable tools to communicate efficiently. The authors concluded that mobile shadow IT harms KP with no security and privacy on what is being shared because this process is unmonitored by the organization.

Practical implications
For adequate knowledge and data protection, IT departments need to take more actions and efforts. This study can help IT decision-makers cope with the technology changes while understanding mobile shadow IT impacts. This study also offers insight regarding types of applications that can be used as an alternative tool for employees rather than using unauthorized applications. This research shows that medium-sized organizations are free to use these applications, which can cause damage to organizations.

Originality/value
This research is arguably among the first to explore the interviewees’ perspectives on how mobile shadow IT impacts KP. This paper also provides theoretical and practical insights by identifying the three primary constructs and how mobile shadow IT usage can affect KP.
Effects of preheating and drying methods on pyridoxine, phenolic compounds, ginkgolic acids, and antioxidant capacity of Ginkgo biloba nuts
Authors: Amoussa Abdou Madjid Olatounde , Zhang Lixia , Lagnika Camel , Riaz Asad , Zhang Liuquan , Liu Xianjin , Beta Trust 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlthough ginkgo nuts are very nutritious and loaded with numerous bioactive compounds, the nuts contain significant levels of unwanted compounds (ginkolic acids) which are toxic to consumption. To reduce or eliminate these toxic compounds without impacting the nutritional value and the bioactivity of the final product, an appropriate processing technology is needed. Thus, the effect of preheating (90 and 120°C) prior to drying (freeze drying: FD, hot air drying: HAD, and HAD in tandem with FD: HAD‐FD) was evaluated on ginkgolic acids, pyridoxine analogues, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant properties of ginkgo nuts. Our results pointed out a significant decrease (below 50%) of ginkgolic acids in ginkgo nuts samples processed at 90°C compared to the control. The major compounds found after treatments were respectively, kaempferol (36.66‐354.38 µg/g), quercetin (9.04‐183.71 µg/g), and caffeic acid (19.66‐106.88 µg/g). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that preheating at 90°C prior to HAD‐FD would be a proper and reasonable approach for preserving the bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of ginkgo nuts (EC50 ranged from 2.25 to 4.60 mg/mL) while significantly reducing their content in toxic compounds.
Information asymmetry, trade, and drilling: evidence from an oil lease lottery
Authors: Brehm Paul A. , Lewis Eric 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe exploit a government oil lease lottery that randomly assigned leases to individuals and firms. We examine how initial misallocation affected trade, drilling, and production outcomes. When parcels are far from existing production, leases won by individuals have similar drilling and production outcomes as those won by firms. However, for parcels close to existing production, we find that leases are about 50% less likely to be drilled when they are won by firms. We find evidence that information asymmetries drive these results.
Anti‐Fascist Action and the Transversal Territorialities of Militant Anti‐Fascism in 1990s Britain
Authors: Ince Anthony 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper explores the significance of unorthodox territorial activisms through the study of Anti‐Fascist Action (AFA), a militant anti‐fascist organisation in the United Kingdom and Ireland that operated at its height between 1989 and 1996. In the literature on activist territorialities, little has been written on practices that confront other non‐state territorialities. Likewise, despite a small but growing geographical literature on far right populism, anti‐fascism is under‐researched. Through archival materials and interviews with former activists, I argue that geographers can understand AFA’s militant anti‐fascism as transversal, following Félix Guattari’s theorisation of the term. AFA operated beyond state‐centric modes of territoriality, creating malleable pathways between different operational logics, cross‐cutting state and non‐state forms. Thinking transversally about territory helps to disembed epistemic and ontological framings from dominant statist logics and assumptions, opening up new ways of understanding how movements operate territorially. The paper concludes with reflections for contemporary antifascisms.
Association between opioid‐related deaths and persistent opioid prescribing in primary care in England: A nested case‐control study
Authors: Chen Teng‐Chou , Knaggs Roger David , Chen Li‐Chia 
Published: August 2021

AimThis study aimed to evaluate the association between opioid‐related deaths and persistent opioid utilisation in the United Kingdom (UK).MethodsThis nested case‐control study used the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, linking the Office for National Statistics death registration. Adult opioid users with recorded opioid‐related death between 2000 and 2015 were included and matched to four opioid users (controls) based on a disease risk score. Persistent opioid utilisation (opioid prescriptions ≥3 quarters/year and oral morphine equivalent dose ≥4500 mg/year) and psychotropic prescriptions were identified annually during the three patient‐years before the date of opioid‐related death. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the association between persistent opioid utilisation and opioid‐related death, and the results were reported as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).ResultsOf the 902 149 opioid users, 230 opioid‐related deaths (cases) and 920 controls were identified. Persistent opioid utilisation was significantly associated with an increased risk of opioid‐related deaths (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2, 2.9) when persistent opioid utilisation was defined by both annual dose and number of quarters. Concurrent prescription of opioids and tricyclic antidepressants (aOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2, 3.5) or higher dose of benzodiazepine (aOR 6.5, 95% CI 4.0, 10.4) or gabapentinoids (aOR 6.2, 95% CI 2.9, 13.5) were associated with opioid‐related death.ConclusionPersistent opioid prescribing and concurrent prescribing of psychotropics were associated with a higher risk of opioid‐related death and should be avoided in clinical practice. An evidence‐based indicator to monitor the safety of prescribed opioids during opioid deprescribing is needed.
Outcomes after radioiodine ablation in patients with thyroid cancer: Long‐term follow‐up of a Chinese randomized clinicaltrial
Authors: Dong Ping , Qu Yuan , Yang Liu , Xiao Liu , Huang Rui , Li Lin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTwo large randomized trials of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) reported recently (HiLo and ESTIMABL1) found that the recurrence rate among patients who underwent 1.1 GBq radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation was not higher than that of patients who underwent 3.7 GBq radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation. However, no similar studies have been conducted in China. We aimed to report clinical outcomes in Chinese patients with low/intermediate risk of recurrence DTC after long‐term follow‐up, and evaluate the risk factors that influence the presence or absence of incomplete response at the final follow‐up.DesignA long‐term follow‐up of a Chinese randomized clinical trial (October 2014 and February 2021) was conducted.PatientsA total of 506 DTC patients at low/intermediate risk of recurrence who were randomized into two groups to receive 1.1 (n = 251) or 3.7 GBq (n = 255) RAI ablation following thyroid hormone withdrawal were followed on levothyroxine treatment for a median of 4.5 years (range: 1.6−6.3).MeasurementsSuppressed serum thyroglobulin (Tg) and anti‐thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) levels were determined, and neck ultrasonography was performed.ResultsAt the final follow‐up, 499 (98.6%) patients showed an excellent response. The other seven patients (two patients underwent 1.1 GBq and five patients underwent 3.7 GBq RAI ablation, respectively) showed either structural incomplete response (lymph node metastasis, n = 1), biochemical incomplete response (increased serum Tg ≥ 1 ng/ml, or increased positive TgAb levels, n = 5), or indeterminate response (stable positive TgAb levels, n = 1). The risk of incomplete response at the final follow‐up was significantly increased in patients with stimulated serum Tg ≥ 10 ng/ml at ablation (p = .003) and in patients with unsuccessful ablation (p = .008).ConclusionOur findings indicated that there was no difference in the long‐term outcomes with RAI ablation using either 1.1 or 3.7 GBq in patients with low/intermediate risk of recurrence DTC, and 1.1 GBq RAI might be suitable for patients who are recommended for ablation.
Interpretation of reproductive hormones before, during and after the pubertal transition—Identifying health and disordered puberty
Authors: Howard Sasha R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPuberty is a process of transition from childhood to adult reproductive capacity, governed by the reactivation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis after a long period of dormancy in mid‐childhood. As such, the reproductive hormones are in a state of flux during the adolescent years, and interpretation of both the onset of healthy, concordant puberty and the differentiation of precocious, delayed or disordered puberty, can be challenging. This review is focused on the description of the endocrine axes in healthy puberty and the markers of disorders of puberty that can aid diagnosis and management for patients with these conditions. It will cover the hypothalamic, pituitary and gonadal hormone systems, the dynamic changes that occur during puberty, conditions leading to precocious, delayed or absent puberty and other syndromes with disordered puberty, and the biochemical diagnosis of these different disorders of puberty.
When is it best to discontinue diazoxide in children with persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia and negative genetics for KATP channel gene variants?
Authors: Güemes Maria , Kostopoulou Eirini , AlYahyaei Mouza , Gilbert Clare , Shah Pratik 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDiazoxide is the first‐line treatment in children with hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (HH); however, limited information is available on the duration of diazoxide treatment in children who require over 2 years of it. Hence, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical and biochemical aspects, as well as the duration of therapy and neurodevelopmental assessment, in genetically uncharacterised diazoxide‐responsive HH patients admitted to a tertiary hospital over the last 16 years, who had successfully discontinued diazoxide and remained euglycaemic. To exclude transient HH forms, only patients that required diazoxide for over 2 years were studied. We identified a total of 17 patients (70% males), in whom HH was diagnosed between 1 day and 18 months of age, and 88% were born at term with a median birth weight of 3.79 kg. All children responded to diazoxide at a median dose of 11.5 mg/kg/day, and it was stopped at a median age of 8.5 years, with a median duration of therapy of 7.25 years. The cases that required diazoxide the longest manifested no specific biochemical or clinical characteristics. Fasting tests performed after diazoxide discontinuation showed no longer requirement of diazoxide in all the cases. A total of 64.7% of the children showed mild to moderate developmental delay. Therefore, it seems that long‐term resolution of HH in children with negative genetics for KATP channel genes who required diazoxide for over 2 years will ensue, and thus regular evaluation is crucial. The possible molecular mechanisms involved are unclear.
Post‐transplantation erythrocytosis in kidney transplant recipients—A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hofstetter Liron , Rozen‐Zvi Benaya , Schechter Amir , Raanani Pia , Itzhaki Oranit , Rahamimov Ruth , Gafter‐Gvili Anat 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo characterize risk factors for the development of post‐transplant erythrocytosis (PTE), and its long‐term effect on mortality, graft failure, and thrombosis.MethodsRetrospective study including all kidney transplant recipients in Rabin Medical Center (RMC) during the years 2005‐2014. The primary outcome was a composite outcome of all‐cause mortality or graft failure at the end of follow‐up. Secondary outcomes included death censored graft loss, venous thromboembolism, major adverse cardiovascular events, and mortality. A matched control group was also evaluated. Univariate and multivariate time‐varying Cox model analyses were conducted for outcome evaluation.ResultsA total of 1304 patients were included, 169 of whom were diagnosed with PTE (12.9%). PTE was associated with male gender, higher glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and polycystic kidney disease. PTE was found to be associated with a reduced risk of the primary outcome (HR 0.355, CI 95% 0.151‐0.89, P = .027) in a univariate time‐varying Cox analysis, but was not associated with the composite outcome in a multivariate analysis. There was no difference in the primary outcome when the PTE group was compared with the matched control.ConclusionPTE was not found to be associated with long‐term outcomes of graft failure and poor survival.
Investigating the effects of market segmentation on firm survival and their heterogeneities in China
Authors: Li Peixin , Li Lixia , Xie Yichun , Zhang Xueliang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe paper uses the hazards model to estimate how market segmentation affects firm survival and accompanied resource allocation efficiency in China based on the manufacturing firm's data in 1998–2007 from the Annual Survey of Industrial Firms, considering the time‐varying and heterogeneous effect with the dynamics and characteristics of enterprises. According to the results, although firms benefit from market segmentation in the inauguration period, the protection diminishes afterwards and eventually becomes a hazard to the firm survival. This paper also takes one step further in finding that market segmentation may distort the resource allocation by protecting low‐productivity and low‐profitability firms from exiting the market. The findings suggest that local governments should strengthen cooperation to break administrative barriers and promote regional integrated development in order to realize the benefits of the domestic super‐large‐scale market.
Maternal prenatal mood problems and lower maternal emotional availability associated with lower quality of child's emotional availability and higher negative affect during still‐face procedure
Authors: Korja Riikka , McMahon Catherine 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOur aim was to study the effects of maternal perinatal mood and maternal emotional availability on child emotional availability and negative affect during the still‐face procedure (SFP). The sample included 214 women who participated in a prospective study. We assessed maternal mood problems using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and PRAQ questionnaire during pregnancy and using STAI and EPDS questionnaires during pregnancy and at 6 months after delivery. Maternal and child emotional availability were studied using the Emotional Availability Scales during the SFP at 6 months. We observed and quantified child's negative affect during SFP episodes. We found that mothers with maternal mood problems (anxiety and/or depression) during pregnancy, but not postnatally, showed less optimal maternal structuring during the SFP, and the children showed lower involvement and responsiveness during interactions with their mothers. Furthermore, lower maternal emotional availability was related to the child's higher negative affect during the SFP. Our findings underline the independent roles of both prenatal stress exposure and maternal caregiving behavior in a child's socioemotional development.
Impaired function of epithelial plakophilin‐2 is associated with periodontal disease
Authors: Yu Ning , Zhang Jinmei , Phillips Sherill T. , Offenbacher Steven , Zhang Shaoping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesPlakophilin‐2 (PKP2) is an intracellular desmosomal anchoring protein that has been implicated in a genome‐wide association study, in which genetic variants of PKP2 are associated with Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis) ‐dominant periodontal dysbiosis. In this study, we compared the ex vivo PKP2 expression in periodontitis gingival biopsies to periodontitis‐free subjects and assessed the in vitro role of PKP2 in gingival epithelial barrier function and the mechanism by which P.gingivalis modulates PKP2 expression.Material and methodsUsing reverse transcription quantitative real‐time PCR (RT‐qPCR), we determined PKP2 mRNA expression levels in gingival biopsies collected from 11 periodontally healthy, 10 experimental gingivitis, and 10 chronic periodontitis subjects. PKP2 protein expression in gingival biopsies was detected by immunohistochemistry. We then challenged primary gingival epithelial cells with bacteria including P.gingivalis, Campylobacter rectus, and various Toll‐like receptor agonists. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect protein expression. Inhibitors blocking proteases pathways were tested for P.gingivalis‐mediated PKP2 protein degradations. We also knocked down endogenous epithelial PKP2 using lentiviral short‐hairpin RNA (shRNA) and evaluated cell proliferation, spreading, and barrier function.ResultsPeriodontitis gingival biopsies had approximately twofold less PKP2 mRNA than did healthy controls (p < .05). PKP2 protein was predominantly expressed in gingival epithelium. In primary gingival epithelial cells, P.gingivalis challenge increased PKP2 mRNA levels, while protein expression decreased, which suggests that P.gingivalis has a protein degradation mechanism. Cysteine proteases inhibitors greatly attenuated P.gingivalis‐mediated PKP2 protein degradation. Epithelial cells with deficient PKP2 exhibited inhibited cell proliferation and spreading and failed to form monolayers. Finally, P.gingivalis impaired gingival epithelial barrier function.ConclusionsPKP2 appears to be critical in maintaining gingival epithelial barrier function and is susceptible to degradation by cysteine proteases produced by P.gingivalis. Our findings have identified a mechanism by which P.gingivalis impairs epithelial barrier function by promoting PKP2 degradation.