bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dural arteriovenous fistulas in cerebral venous thrombosis
Authors: Lindgren Erik , Rentzos Alexandros , Hiltunen Sini , Serrano Fabiola , Heldner Mirjam R. , Zuurbier Susanna M. , Silvis Suzanne M. , Mansour Maryam , Allingham William , Punter Martin N. M. , Giarola Blake F. , Wells Jeremy , Sánchez van Kammen Mayte , Piechowiak Eike I. , Chiota‐McCollum Nicole , Garcia‐Esperon Carlos , Cognard Christophe , Kleinig Timothy , Ghiasian Masoud , Coutinho Jonathan M. , Arnold Marcel , Arauz Antonio , Putaala Jukka , Jood Katarina , Tatlisumak Turgut ,   the International CVT Consortium
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeTo explore the prevalence, risk factors, time correlation, characteristics and clinical outcome of dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) in a cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) population.MethodsWe included patients from the International CVT Consortium registries. Diagnosis of dAVF was confirmed centrally. We assessed the prevalence and risk factors for dAVF among consecutive CVT patients and investigated its impact on clinical outcome using logistic regression analysis. We defined poor outcome as modified Rankin Scale score 3–6 at last follow‐up.ResultsdAVF was confirmed in 29/1218 (2.4%) consecutive CVT patients. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) follow‐up time was 8 (5–23) months. Patients with dAVF were older (median [IQR] 53 [44–61] vs. 41 [29–53] years; p < 0.001), more frequently male (69% vs. 33%; p < 0.001), more often had chronic clinical CVT onset (>30 days: 39% vs. 7%; p < 0.001) and sigmoid sinus thrombosis (86% vs. 51%; p < 0.001), and less frequently had parenchymal lesions (31% vs. 55%; p = 0.013) at baseline imaging. Clinical outcome at last follow‐up did not differ between patients with and without dAVF. Additionally, five patients were confirmed with dAVF from non‐consecutive CVT cohorts. Among all patients with CVT and dAVF, 17/34 (50%) had multiple fistulas and 23/34 (68%) had cortical venous drainage. Of 34 patients with dAVF with 36 separate CVT events, 3/36 fistulas (8%) were diagnosed prior to, 20/36 (56%) simultaneously and 13/36 after (36%, median 115 [IQR 38–337] days) diagnosis of CVT.ConclusionsDural arteriovenous fistulas occur in at least 2% of CVT patients and are associated with chronic CVT onset, older age and male sex. Most CVT‐related dAVFs are detected simultaneously or subsequently to diagnosis of CVT.
Flexural strength of a conventionally processed and additively manufactured debased 94% alumina
Authors: Kammler Daniel R. , Cillessen Dale E. , Ford Kurtis R. , Larkin Elizabeth C. , Davidson Will M. , Christopher James M. , Gibson Julie T. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMechanical strength of a 94 wt% debased alumina was measured using ASTM‐C1161 specimens fabricated via conventional and lithography‐based ceramic manufacturing (LCM) methods. The effects of build orientation and a 1500°C wet hydrogen fire added to the LCM firing sequence on strength were evaluated. A Weibull fit to the conventional flexural specimen data yielded 20 and 356 MPa for the modulus and characteristic strength, respectively. Weibull fits of the data from the LCM specimens yielded moduli between 7.5 and 11.3 and characteristics strengths between 333 and 339 MPa. A Weibull fit to data from LCM specimens subjected to the wet hydrogen fire yielded 14.2 and 376 MPa for the modulus and characteristic strength, respectively. The 95% confidence intervals for all Weibull parameters are reported. Average Archimedes bulk densities of LCM and conventional specimens were 3.732 and 3.730 g/cm3, respectively. Process dependent differences in surface morphology were observed in scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of specimen surfaces. SEM images of LCM specimen cross‐sections showed alumina grain texture dependent on build direction, but no evidence of porosity concentrated in planes between printed layers. Fracture surfaces of LCM and conventionally processed specimens revealed hackle lines and mirror regions indicative of fracture initiation at the sample surface rather than the interior.
Eosinophilic ulcer of the oral mucosa: An update on clinicopathologic features, pathogenesis, and management
Authors: Hamie Lamiaa , Hamie Maria , Kurban Mazen , Abbas Ossama 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEosinophilic ulcer of the oral mucosa is a benign, reactive, self‐limited lesion. Its pathogenesis is unclear, and it clinically manifests as a punched‐out ulcer with surrounding indurated border, raising suspicion for a possible malignancy. On histology, an acute and chronic dense inflammatory infiltrate can be appreciated, which can extend to the deep underlying tissue (including skeletal muscle). Eosinophils are especially conspicuous on hematoxylin and eosin staining and might play an important role in the development of the ulcer. Removal of possible triggers followed by monitoring and possible biopsy are among the initial recommendations. Most lesions heal spontaneously without the need for intervention. This review aims at assisting dermatologists to easily recognize this entity, avoiding unnecessary interventions and apprehension.
Heterogeneity in antiviral B cell responses: Lessons from the movies*
Authors: Kuka Mirela , Iannacone Matteo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHumoral and cellular responses to viral infections coexist in a dynamic equilibrium that often results in efficient viral clearance. However, in some infections one of the two responses prevails, for instance when an overactivation of cytotoxic T cells is accompanied by weak and insufficient antibody responses. Although the cellular response is usually sufficient to control a primary viral infection, in some cases clearance is not complete and persistent infections ensue. In order to design effective therapeutic or vaccination strategies aiming at inducing early and potent neutralizing antibody responses, a deep knowledge of the cellular and molecular determinants of antiviral immune responses is needed. Here, we review our understanding on the spatiotemporal dynamics of antiviral humoral immune responses, with a particular focus on recent studies using intravital imaging approaches as an insightful complement to more traditional techniques.
Corrosion resistance and anti‐reaction mechanism of Al2O3‐based refractory ceramic under weak static magnetic field
Authors: Li Shenghao , Huang Ao , Gu Huazhi , Wang Runfeng , Zou Yongshun , Fu Lvping 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA slag resistance experiment of the Al2O3‐based refractory ceramic with CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 slag at 1600°C under a milli‐Tesla static magnetic field was conducted. The magnetic flux density effect on the corrosion at the two‐ and three‐phase interfaces of the Al2O3‐based refractory ceramic, excluding the ‘electromagnetic damping’, was studied. The slag resistance of the Al2O3‐based refractory was enhanced and quasi‐volcanic corrosion at the three‐phase interface was eliminated gradually with an increase in the magnetic flux density. A hypothesis and mechanism for the inhibition effect of the static magnetic field based on the free radical pair reaction model was proposed.
Swimming behaviour of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) in response to turbulent flow induced by aD‐cylinder
Authors: Ke Senfan , Tu Zhiying , Goerig Elsa , Tan Junjun , Cheng Bixin , Li Zhimin , Shi Xiaotao 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTurbulence is a complex hydraulic phenomenon which commonly occurs in natural streams and fishways. Riverine fish are subjected to heterogeneous flow velocities and turbulence, which may affect their movements and ability to pass the fishways. However, studies focusing on fish response to turbulent flows are lacking for many species. Here we investigate the effects of the turbulence created by a vertical half‐cylinder of various diameters (1.9, 2.5, 3.2 and 5.0 cm) on the swimming ability and behaviour of silver carp,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. The large D‐cylinders (3.0 and 5.0 cm) create specific vorticity and reduced velocities areas in their vicinity, which favours flow refuging behaviours (FRBs) and thus increased relative critical swimming speeds (Urcrit, BL/s) of silver carp, by comparison to free‐flow conditions and cylinders of smaller diameter (1.9 and 2.5 cm). The flow speed at which silver carp maximized FRBs such as Karman gaiting downstream of the cylinder, holding position in the bow wake or entraining on the side ranged from 40 to 70 cm s−1, depending on fish body size. When holding station near a cylinder under optimal flow speeds, the distance between the fish and the cylinder is related to the size of the fish, but also to the size of the cylinder and the produced vortices. The optimal holding region in the drag wake of the cylinder ranged from 28 to 40 cm downstream of the centre of the cylinder, depending on the size of the fish. Smaller fish, however, tend to use the reduced velocities areas located in the bow wake of the large cylinders. We hypothesize that fish will display FRBs, including maintaining a Karman gait in turbulent flow, when the ratio of the cylinder diameter to their body length is between 1:3 and 1:4. They also match their tail beat frequency to the vortex shedding frequency of the cylinder. Our results provide a better understanding of how silver carp respond to turbulent flows around physical structures, with implications for the design of nature‐like fishways or exclusion devices in both its native and invasive ranges.
Variants of aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase genes in Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease: A Korean cohort study
Authors: Nam Da Eun , Park Jin Hee , Park Cho Eun , Jung Na Young , Nam Soo Hyun , Kwon Hye Mi , Kim Hyun Su , Kim Sang Beom , Son Won Seok , Choi Byung‐Ok , Chung Ki Wha 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCharcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease (CMT) and related diseases are a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of peripheral neuropathies. Particularly, mutations in several aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase (ARS) genes have been reported to cause axonal CMT (CMT2) or distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN). However, the common pathogenesis among CMT subtypes by different ARS gene defects is not well understood. This study was performed to investigate ARS gene mutations in a CMT cohort of 710 Korean families. Whole‐exome sequencing was applied to 710 CMT patients who were negative for PMP22 duplication. We identified 12 disease‐causing variants (from 13 families) in GARS1, AARS1, HARS1, WARS1, and YARS1 genes. Seven variants were determined to be novel. The frequency of overall ARS gene mutations was 1.22% among all independent patients diagnosed with CMT and 1.83% in patients negative for PMP22 duplication. WARS1 mutations have been reported to cause dHMN; however, in our patients with WARS1 variants, CMT was associated with sensory involvement. We analyzed genotype‐phenotype correlations and expanded the phenotypic spectrum of patients with CMT possessing ARS gene variants. We also characterized clinical phenotypes according to ARS genes. This study will be useful for performing exact molecular and clinical diagnoses and providing reference data for other population studies.
Factors affecting hospital readmission rates following an acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review
Authors: Rashidi Amineh , Whitehead Lisa , Glass Courtney 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimTo synthesise quantitative evidence on factors that impact hospital readmission rates following ACS with comorbidities.DesignSystematic review and narrative synthesis.Data sourcesA search of eight electronic databases, including Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI).Review methodsThe search strategy included keywords and MeSH terms to identify English language studies published between 2001 and 2020. The quality of included studies was assessed by two independent reviewers, using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools.ResultsTwenty‐four articles were included in the review. All cause 30‐day readmission rate was most frequently reported and ranged from 4.2% to 81%. Reported factors that were associated with readmission varied across studies from socio‐demographic, behavioural factors, comorbidity factors and cardiac factors. Findings from some of the studies were limited by data source, study designs and small sample size.ConclusionStrategies that integrate comprehensive discharge planning and individualised care planning to enhance behavioural support are related to a reduction in readmission rates. It is recommended that nurses are supported to influence discharge planning and lead the development of nurse‐led interventions to ensure discharge planning is both coordinated and person‐centred.
The Link Between Medicaid Expansion and School Absenteeism: Evidence From the Southern United States
Authors: Roy Shreya , Wilson Fernando A. , Chen Li‐Wu , Kim Jungyoon , Yu Fang 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDParental Medicaid eligibility has been shown to be linked to positive academic and school outcomes for children. However, the impact of adult Medicaid expansion on children's school absenteeism is largely unexplored in the literature. The aim of this study was to examine whether Medicaid expansion for adults under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), affected school absenteeism of children.METHODSThis study used data from the National Survey of Children's Health 2016 to 2017 and the difference‐in‐differences method.RESULTSThe decrease in the predicted probability of missing 11 or more school days in Louisiana, after Medicaid expansion, among school‐going children from low‐income families, was greater by 18 percentage points (p = .007), as compared to the decrease in the predicted probability of missing 11 or more school days in the neighboring nonexpansion states of Texas and Mississippi.CONCLUSIONThe positive impacts of Medicaid expansion are not limited to adults, but also extend to children's school absenteeism.
Model with transmission delays for COVID‐19 control: Theory and empirical assessment
Authors: Hritonenko Natali , Yatsenko Olga , Yatsenko Yuri 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe paper focuses on modeling of public health measures to control the COVID‐19 pandemic. The authors suggest a flexible integral model with distributed lags, which realistically describes COVID‐19 infectiousness period from clinical data. It contains susceptible–infectious–recovered (SIR), susceptible–exposed–infectious–recovered (SEIR), and other epidemic models as special cases. The model is used for assessing how government decisions to lockdown and reopen the economy affect epidemic spread. The authors demonstrate essential differences in transition and asymptotic dynamics of the integral model and the SIR model after lockdown. The provided simulation on real data accurately describes several waves of the COVID‐19 epidemic in the United States and is in good correspondence with government actions to curb the epidemic.
Substituent Effect in Pyridinium Alkynylanthracenes on their Performance as Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Brega Valentina , Thomas Samuel W. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractProgress in photodynamic therapy (PDT) relies on the design and synthesis of photosensitizers that can efficiently sensitize singlet oxygen using visible light irradiation while displaying limited dark toxicity. Here, we highlight the paper by Linker and coworkers published in this issue of Photochemistry and Photobiology, which evaluates the effect of the regiochemistry of pyridinium rings in three isomeric pyridinium alkynylanthracenes on their performance as photosensitizers for PDT in HeLa cells.
Information Seeking and Risk Reduction Intentions in Response to Environmental Threat Messages: The Role of Message Processing
Authors: Bigsby Elisabeth , Hovick Shelly R. , Tan Naomi Q. P. , Thomas Sarah N. , Wilson Sam R. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTCommunicating complex information about environmental health risks in a single message is impossible. Thus, message designers hope that risk messages encourage people to think more about the message and risks, look for more information, and ultimately make behavior changes. The presentation of information about environmental risks using threat appeals is a common message design strategy thought to increase message engagement and influence attitudes, information seeking, and risk reduction behaviors. We compared lower threat messages, which did not include explicit statements about susceptibility and severity of a risk, to higher threat messages, which did. We combined predictions from the extended parallel process model with dual‐process theories of persuasion to examine whether people respond to these types of messages differently. In an online experiment, participants (N = 892) were randomly assigned to a message condition (higher or lower threat) and topic condition (arsenic, bisphenol A, or volatile organic compounds). Overall, participants exposed to higher threat messages (regardless of risk topic) reported experiencing higher levels of fear. Higher levels of fear were associated with more positive thoughts about the message (in alignment with the message advocacy) and fewer negative thoughts about the message (against the message advocacy), both of which influenced message attitudes. Finally, message attitudes were associated with increased information seeking and intentions to engage in risk reduction behaviors.
Achieving status and reducing loneliness during the transition to college: The role of entitlement, intrasexual competitiveness, and dominance
Authors: Rahal Danny , Fales Melissa R. , Haselton Martie G. , Slavich George M. , Robles Theodore F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough many emerging adults feel lonely and struggle to gain status during the college transition, it remains unclear whether certain personality traits facilitate this transition. Using a longitudinal design, we investigated whether status‐related traits—namely, entitlement, intrasexual competitiveness, and dominance—related to the development of status in 91 first‐year college students (Mage = 18.15, SD = 0.44) transitioning to a novel college environment. We also examined whether status‐related personality traits moderated the degree to which status related to loneliness. As hypothesized, only students high in intrasexual competitiveness experienced increases in subjective dorm status across the year. In addition, students exhibiting average or low entitlement experienced decreases in loneliness over time, whereas high entitlement was related to consistently low loneliness. Finally, higher subjective dorm status was related to lower loneliness only for less dominant students, as assessed by both self‐ratings of trait dominance and raters’ judgments of facial dominance from photographs. Using a real‐world context of status development, these results suggest that status‐related personality traits may influence students’ ability to experience higher status and modulate the relation between subjective status and loneliness.
‘We're out, so wtf do we do now?’: Brexit and rural identity in the era of online agricultural communities
Authors: Jones‐Garcia Eliot , Touboulic Anne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article explores online interactions between members of the UK farming community in the context of Brexit, a moment of great friction within British agriculture. A ‘netnography’ was conducted of thefarmingforum.co.uk, a British‐based discussion group with a large membership, covering a range of aspects from farming practices to trade and relationships. Findings reveal how the online space challenges and connects notions of rural space and place. A displaced identity, unmoored from traditional farming attributes such as land and locality, becomes both a driving force for participation and a tool for political control. The article sheds light on the under‐appreciated political power of such online groups enabled through under‐researched digital technologies. The farmer‐owned forum represents the ‘other voice’ within corporate‐led agricultural innovation; however, the onset of Brexit became a catalyst for extreme politics, facilitating a populist swing towards the Leave campaign and revealing a visceral distrust for institutions.
Combustion Performance Investigation of Aviation Kerosene (RP-3) on a Compression Ignition Diesel Engine Under Various Loads
Authors: Liu Rui , Huang Kaisheng , Qiao Yuan , Wang Zhenyu , Ji Haocheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The combustion performance of a compression ignition (CI) four-stroke aviation engine fueled with pure kerosene No. 3 rocket propellant (RP-3) was experimentally investigated for comparison with diesel. Pilot injection and main injection for RP-3 and diesel were unified under same test conditions. The results show that when burning RP-3, the maximum power of engine is 1% lower than that of burning diesel, with lower specific fuel consumption (SFC) and effective thermal efficiency (ETE). The combustion durations of RP-3 and diesel show small differences of less than 0.4 °CA under heavy loads, while the combustion duration of RP-3 is shorter than that of diesel under low loads. The crank angle at 50% mass fraction burnt (CA50) of RP-3 shows differences of 0.3–1 °CA compared with that of diesel. For pilot injection at a high engine speed, the ignition delay angle (IDA) of RP-3 is basically equal to that of diesel. With decreasing engine speed, the maximum difference of 1.2 °CA in IDAs exists under medium or small loads. For the main injection, the IDA of RP-3 is larger than that of diesel under heavy loads at various engine speeds. As the load decreases, the IDA of RP-3 is extended. The peak heat release rate (HRR) of RP-3 during main injection combustion is basically the same as that of diesel under heavy loads, while the intervention effect of unburnt pilot-injected RP-3 under low loads results in a higher peak HRR.
A Technique for High-Speed Microscopic Imaging of Dynamic Failure Events and Its Application to Shear Band Initiation in Polycarbonate
Authors: Malhotra P. , Niu S. , Srivastava V. , Guduru P. R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
An experimental technique is reported, which can image the deformation fields associated with dynamic failure events at high spatial and temporal resolutions simultaneously. The technique is demonstrated at a spatial resolution of ∼1 µm and a temporal resolution of 250 ns, while maintaining a relatively large field of view (≈1.11 mm × 0.63 mm). As a demonstration, the technique is used to image the deformation field near a notch tip during initiation of a shear instability in polycarbonate. An ordered array of 10 µm diameter speckles with 20 µm pitch, and deposited on the specimen surface near the notch tip helps track evolution of the deformation field. Experimental results show that the width of the shear band (SB) in polycarbonate is approximately 75 µm near the notch tip within resolution limits of the experiments. The measurements also reveal formation of two incipient localization bands near the crack tip, one of which subsequently becomes the dominant band while the other is suppressed. Computational simulation of the experiment was conducted using a thermomechanically coupled rate-dependent constitutive model of polycarbonate to gain further insight into the experimental observations enabled by the combination of high spatial and temporal resolutions. The simulation results show reasonable agreement with the experimentally observed kinematic field and features near the notch tip, while also pointing to the need for further refinement of constitutive models that are calibrated at high strain rates (∼105/s) and also account for damage evolution.