bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medication Errors: Reported Prescription Faults and Prescription Error
Authors: Ali Alshahrani  , Mona Alsheikh  , Mohammad Yusuf  
Published: June 2021

The present study aimed to evaluate the trends of prescription errors that did not caused any harm to the patients and the prescription errors that were identified before reaching to the patients in the year 2017 at a tertiary care hospital in Kingdom Saudi Arabia. Simple random sampling and sampling based on prescription errors that were identified, documented, and reported before reaching the patients in the first three quarters of 2017 were performed in present observational retrospective study. Descriptive analysis with D’Agostino & Pearson omnibus were applied for normality testing at 95% CI through one-sample t-test to compare the prescription errors that did not cause harm to the patients and were identified before reaching the patient in the first quarter (Q1), the second quarter (Q2), and the third quarter (Q3) of 2017. Total number of prescription errors that did not caused harm to the patients were 1,601 in Quarter 1 further decreased to 1,422 in Quarter 2 and then increased to 1,710 in Quarter 3 of 2017. Furthermore, the total number of prescription errors that did not cause harm to the patients were 1,601 in Quarter 1 further decreased to 1,422 in Quarter 2 and then increased to 1,710 in Quarter 3 of 2017. The current study revealed that prescription errors were common in the tertiary Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia. Therefore, educating the prescribers to reduce prescription errors through seminars, conferences, and workshops is essential. Also, a joint training exercise for the pharmacist and doctors would minimize the prescribing errors.
Lung Physiological Variations in COVID-19 Patients and Inhalation Therapy Development for Remodeled Lungs
Authors: Xi Jinxiang , Walfield Brendan , Si Xiuhua April , Bankier Alexander A. 
Published: June 2021

In response to the unmet need for effective treatments for symptomatic patients, research efforts of inhaled therapy for COVID-19 patients have been pursued since the pandemic began. However, inhalation drug delivery to the lungs is sensitive to the lung anatomy and physiology, which can be significantly altered due to the viral infection. The ensued ventilation heterogeneity will change distribution and thus dosimetry of inhaled medications, rendering previous correlations concepts? of pulmonary drug delivery in healthy lungs less reliable. In this study, we first reviewed the recent developments of inhaled therapeutics and vaccines, as well as the latest knowledge of the lung structural variations documented by CT of COVID-19 patients' lungs. We then quantified the volume ratios of the poorly aerated lungs and non-aerated lungs in eight COVID-19 patients, which ranged 2-8% and 0.5-3%, respectively. The need to consider the diseased lung physiologies in estimating pulmonary delivery was emphasized. Diseased lung geometries with varying lesion sites and complexities were reconstructed using Statistical Shape Modeling (SSM). A new segmentation method was applied that could generate patient-specific lung geometries with an increased number of branching generations. The synergy of the CT-based lung segmentation and SSM-based airway variation showed promise for developing representative COVID-infected lung morphological models and investigating inhalation therapeutics in COVID-19 patients. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0303-1 Full Text: PDF
Quality Management System in a Haemodialysis Unit and Patient Satisfaction
Authors: Kavalieratou Athanasia , Garofyllou Georgia , Evangelidou Eftychia , Mantzanas Michalis 
Published: June 2021

Haemodialysis Units adopt a Quality Management System to provide quality healthcare services, to promote reliability and to increase the patients’ contentment and faith they receive the best possible care. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether the ELOT EN ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System, “Provision of Dialysis Services in Patients with Renal Failure”, in a Haemodialysis Unit affected the patients’ satisfaction level. The Quality Management System stipulated the use of a questionnaire containing 11 questions to measure the patients’ satisfaction. The data were collected in July 2018 during the annual audit for the continuous compliance of the Haemodialysis Unit with the quality requirements. 35 patients undergoing Chronic Haemodialysis for at least the last 6 months participated. The Quality Management System enabled the identification of the patients’ individual needs and the areas that required more attention. More specifically, 97.1% of the patients stated that the services provided had been improved and that requests such as the installation of TVs and the collaboration with a dietologist have been met. 77.1% of the patients were satisfied by the healthcare provided and 88.6% were satisfied by the staff in general. Regarding the care provided by the medical staff 74.3% of the patients were satisfied, while 54.2% found the information given for their health to be adequate. All of the patients (100%) were satisfied by the care provided by the nursing staff and almost all (97.1%) felt that the nursing staff was easy to communicate with. Only 6.1% of the patients stated that specific areas required further improvement. A Quality Management System in a Haemodialysis Unit leads to a better understanding of the patients’ individual needs, allowing for higher satisfaction. Moreover, the evidence based documentation of the quality of the services provided and the emphasis put on continuous improvement further enhances the patients’ trust. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0303-2 Full Text: PDF
Practice of Breast Self-Examination and Knowledge of Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening
Authors: Omotoso Olabode Ebenezer , Matariek Ghadier , Omotoso Elizabeth F. , Matareek Amira , Abdul-Rafee Ghada M. , Malakar Sucheta , Chutia Nabanita 
Published: June 2021

The burden of breast and cervical cancer is increasing exponentially, especially among women in low- and mid-income countries. Early detection, hinged on screening uptake is a key to higher survival rate and managing cancer outcome. The present study assessed Nigerians and Egyptians’ knowledge of breast self-examination (BSE) and breast and cervical cancer screening. A cross-sectional questionnaire was utilized to obtain 1,006 respondents via a convenient sampling method. The mean age of respondents was 30.43 ± 6.69. About one-third of participants had good knowledge (> 66%) of breast cancer screening (42%), cervical cancer screening (44%) and BSE practice (36%). Age range (26–40 years), educational level (tertiary), and marital status were demographic data that influenced knowledge level. The screening uptake among the studied population is very poor as only (11%) had ever been screened and only (2.2%) ever vaccinated. The major reasons for poor screening uptake were “no awareness of where to be screened” and “no symptoms”. Assessing the knowledge and uptake level of African women through studies like this is crucial in identifying the loopholes in the fight against cancer. More efforts are required for promoting the utilization of cancer screening services, HPV vaccination, and BSE practice among African women. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0303-3 Full Text: PDF
The Effect of Therapeutic Low-Frequency Ultrasound applied to Myofascial Trigger Points: A Pilot Pre-Post Design Study
Authors: Gabyzon Michal Elboim , Drat Amit , Kalichman Leonid 
Published: June 2021

Ultrasound at a frequency of 1 or 3 MHz is frequently used to treat various musculoskeletal conditions, but research on ultrasound operating at 38-50 kHz frequencies (US-KHz) is lacking. Study aimed to evaluate the short-term effect of US-KHz on pain pressure threshold (PPT), ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM), and motor performance (the Side Hop Test) in subjects with a myofascial trigger point (TrP) in the calf muscle. US-KHz was applied to the area of the palpable TrP in the calf muscle for 10 minutes (continuous pulse, transducer head size 19.6 cm2, power 0.75-1.25 w/cm2) in twenty volunteers (18-45 years old). Significant improvements (p<0.001) were noted in the Side Hop Test 24 hours after the intervention. ROM improved significantly after 5 minutes with changes maintained 24 hours later. No change was found in the PPT. This pilot study presents preliminary evidence of the efficacy of US-KHz in treating TrPs. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0303-5 Full Text: PDF
Leadership Perception during COVID-19 Pandemic: The Critical Criticism on Surgical Leadership
Authors: Dhahri Adeel Abbas , Rehman Ubaid Ur , Ali Syeda Shahana , Iqbal Muhammad Hussnain , Lupu Alexandra , Dhahri Mehvish Adeel , Refson Jonathan 
Published: June 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has altered the expectations of team leaders by team members while they seek clear and efficient decisions. We aim to assess the perception of leadership by the surgical team members and their perception of the most important quality of leadership. We conducted an online national cross-sectional survey among the surgical doctors working in the National Health Service United Kingdom, between 15th July 2020 till 31st August 2020. The questionnaire, based on rating scale items, focused on effects of changes in work-pattern, support and communication at workplace, the status of leadership and understanding of different leadership attributes. Out of two hundred and thirteen participants, majority of respondents were middle-grade registrars (n= 92, 43.7%). Most of the doctors (147,81.7%) were never re-deployed to the high-risk areas. 85(39.9 %) expressed that COVID-19 brought distress affecting their morale. 106(49.8%) thought that arrangement of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) was the responsibility of the Head of Department. The majority, of those who fell ill, felt adequately supported by their seniors. Most participants identified departmental leadership as satisfactory (n=126, 59.2%). There was a mixed response to the importance of leadership attributes defined by the Faculty of Medical Leadership and Management. Stress at the workplace with reduced morale, during a crisis like COVID-19 pandemic, can significantly compromise leadership perception among team members. Understanding of basics of leadership by the team members can improve departmental efficiency and as a result improve patient care. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0303-6 Full Text: PDF
Utility of Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) In Diagnosis and Prognosis of Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis in Term Neonates
Authors: Golhar Sandeep , Madhura Abhishek , Chauhan Urmila , Nayak Abinash 
Published: June 2021

Objective: To assess the increased Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) in diagnosis and prognosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis in term neonates. Methods: In a prospective, observational study, we enrolled term neonates ( 37 weeks of gestation) clinically suspected for Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis (EONS) (within 7 days of birth). A cut-off of 18% and above was taken to consider RDW as abnormal or increased. The primary outcome was to assess the relation of increased RDW with in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcome was to determine the diagnostic yield of increased RDW in culture-proven sepsis. Results: In 166 neonates, 60% were males. Increased RDW was seen in 42.42% of neonates and 15.75% of neonates had positive blood culture. Compared to normal RDW, in-hospital mortality was significantly higher in neonates with increased mortality (27.14% vs. 10.52%, respectively; p=0.006). Also, abnormal RDW was seen in 46.15% of neonates with positive blood culture compared to 35.25% of neonates with negative blood culture (p<0.0001). Thus, elevated RDW had a sensitivity of 44.4% and specificity of 57.97% in the diagnosis of EONS. Conclusion: Increased RDW can be a diagnostic as well as a prognostic marker in neonates with EONS. Such observation indicates it may serve as a simple and easily available marker for EONS in resource-limited settings. However, these findings need to be confirmed in a larger sample. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0303-7 Full Text: PDF
Modeling the Effect of Asymptomatic Cases, Social Distancing, and Lockdowns in the First and Second waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Italy
Authors: Khairulbahri Muhamad 
Published: June 2021

The SEIR model of COVID-19 is developed to investigate the roles of physical distancing, lockdowns, and asymptomatic cases in Italy. In doing so, two types of policies including behavioral measures and lockdown measures are embedded in the model. Compared with existing models, the model successfully reproduces similar multiple observed outputs such as infected and recovered patients in Italy by July 2020. This study concludes that the first policy is important once the number of infected cases is relatively low. However, once the number of infected cases is too high, so the society cannot identify infected and disinfected people, the second policy must be applied soon. It is thus this study suggests that relaxed lockdowns lead to the second wave of the COVID-19 around the world. It is hoped that the model can enhance our understanding of the roles of behavioral measures, lockdowns, and undocumented cases, so-called asymptomatic cases, on the COVID-19 flow. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0303-8 Full Text: PDF
Appendiceal Neoplasms: Diagnosis, Management and Follow-up
Authors: Pereira Ana , Pereira Joaquim Costa , Martins Sandra 
Published: June 2021

Appendicectomy is one of the most performed surgical procedures. Neoplasms of the appendix are identified in approximately 1% of appendiceal specimens, and the incidence seems to be rising. The aim of this review was to summarize the current data on these neoplasms, focusing on the recent classification, clinical manifestations, management, and follow-up of such patients, which remain under debate. A literature search was performed using the database PubMed. The keywords used were related to appendiceal neoplasms, mucocele, pseudomyxoma peritonei and treatment. Records without abstracts, case reports, opinion articles and experimental studies were excluded. The appendix tumors can be classified between epithelial or nonepithelial. The epithelial variant is composed by mucinous neoplasms, nonmucinous adenocarcinoma, and signet ring cell tumors; instead, neuroendocrine tumors, lymphoma, and sarcoma are included in nonepithelial neoplasia. Goblet cell carcinoids share characteristics of both epithelial and nonepithelial tumors. The clinical presentation can be variable and the algorithm for evaluation and treatment is complex. Treatment is based on stage and histology. Our intention is to clarify some questions and help the surgeon in operative decisions, treatment strategies, and patient counseling. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0303-9 Full Text: PDF
Teoria crítica e teoria histórico-cultural: interfaces entre Benjamim e Vigotski
Authors: Brasilio Santa Bárbara Rubiana , Bragado Sousa Rui 
Published: June 2021

Neste artigo busca-se articular a Teoria Crítica da Sociedade e a Teoria Histórico-Cultural para a compreensão do desenvolvimento e protagonismo da criança com os representantes Benjamin e Vigotski, respectivamente. Estes autores revelam nuances para a educação infantil que passariam despercebidas em análises isoladas. Esta é a justificativa de um trabalho comparado. Dentre os pontos de aproximação estão a linguagem, o teatro, a mimese e o lúdico, que mesmo em abordagens epistemológicas distintas, revelam-se complementares em diversos aspectos. Espera-se, assim, demonstrar o protagonismo da criança e as implicações pedagógicas que são subjacentes aos dois autores.
Mental Disorders Associated with the Abuse of Synthetic Cannabinoids (Spices)
Authors: Bokhan N. A. , Selivanov G. Yu. , Salnikov A. A. , Blonsky K. A. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: the abuse of synthetic cannabinoids may trigger the development of mental disorders characterized by distortions of disease processes that can cause incorrect diagnosis.Objective: to study the phenomenon of the abuse of synthetic cannabinoids (Spice) as a trigger psychotic episode in psychiatric patients (with schizophrenia and personality disorders) and risk factors for developing paranoid schizophrenia.Patients and research methods: 291 men were examined: 241 with dependence on synthetic cannabinoids — 101 of them were diagnosed with personality and behavior disorders in adulthood, 140 with a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia and 50 with a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia without drug dependence.Research methods: clinicalpsychopathological, psychometric (SANS, CGI, MMPI), follow-up, statistical R (R version 3.2.4).Results: intoxication conditions caused by synthetic cannabinoids can provoke the development of psychotic episodes and be a trigger for the manifestation of schizophrenia. There are four variants of narcotic intoxication: delirious, schizophrenic, with pseudo-hallucinations, with delirium. The personalities of patients addicted to synthetic cannabinoids are similar in the prevalence of emotionally unstable, rigid, introverted, deviant traits. Patients with personality disorders, dependent on synthetic cannabinoids, differed from typical drug addicts in such patterns of behavior as disorganization, conflict, unpredictability, spontaneity, thoughtlessness of actions, impulsivity, and nonconformity. The stigmatizing signs of the schizophrenic process in patients who are dependent on synthetic cannabinoids are the symptoms of abulia–apathy of mild severity. Patients with schizophrenia, dependent on synthetic cannabinoids, differed from patients without dependence on drugs by the phenomenon of the absence of an emotional defect expressed in the expressiveness of emotions, the desire for communication.Conclusion: the phenomenon of synthetic cannabinoid abuse is a trigger of a psychotic episode in both schizophrenic patients and those with personality disorders in whom antisocial, schizoid and paranoid personality traits prevail. The abuse of synthetic cannabinoids is a risk factor for the development of paranoid schizophrenia, which differs from schizophrenia without drug dependence by a mild degree of stigmatizing symptoms of abulia–apathy and social activity during periods of short-term remissions.
Neurotrophins and Neurotrophic Therapy (Based on the Cerebrolysin Model) in the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Cognitive Disorders and Depression. Part 1
Authors: Gavrilova S. I. , Safarova T. P. 
Published: June 2021

Background:Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurocognitive disorder and a global health problem. The prevalence of AD is increasing dramatically, and will double in two decades to reach 100 million cases worldwide. Therefore, the development of disease-modifying therapies that can delay or even prevent the onset and progression of AD has become a global priority.Objective:to present a review of domestic and foreign modern studies covering the pathogenesis of AD and disease-modifying therapy.Material and methods:the keywords “Alzheimer’s disease, late age, mild cognitive impairment, depression, therapy, cerebrolysin, effectiveness” were used to search for scientifi c articles in MEDLINE and PUBMED databases for the period 1980–2020.Results and conclusions:since the pathophysiology of AD is multifactorial, it is not surprising that all attempts to change the course of the disease with drugs aimed at a single therapeutic goal were unsuccessful. Thus, combined multimodal therapy using several drugs with a single mechanism of action or multi-purpose drugs seems to be the most promising strategy for both effective therapy of AD and its prevention. Cerebrolysin, acting as a multimodal peptidergic drug with a proven neurotrophic effect, has not only an immediate therapeutic effect on AD, which may refl ect its potential benefi t for modifying the course of the disease. Numerous clinical trials have shown that cerebrolysin is safe and effective in the treatment of AD, and can also enhance and prolong the effectiveness of cholinergic drugs, especially in patients with moderate AD. In this review, we summarize the achievements in the study of the therapeutic signifi cance of the drug and its effect on the pathogenesis of AD, paying special attention to the mechanisms of neurotrophic action. The review presents the results of both preclinical and clinical studies of cerebrolysin in the treatment of AD and pre-dementia cognitive disorders, as well as late depression.
Соціальні мережі як інструмент просування вищого навчального закладу (на матеріалах КНУКіМ)
Authors: Поплавський Михайло 
Published: June 2021

У статті аналізуються особливості та ефективність застосування SMM-технологій Київським національним університетом культури і мистецтв, як провідним закладом вищої освіти у сфері культури, у напрямі просування своїх освітніх послуг та брендингу закладу.
Наголошено на значенні соціальних мереж у просуванні освітніх послуг і бренда університету, особливо у світлі статистичних даних світових аналітичних агентств про кількість інтернет-користувачів, констатовано недостатність володіння модераторами сторінок ЗВО в соцмережах механізмами залучення уваги аудиторії через соціальні платформи.
Акцентовано увагу на тому, що ситуація на ринку освітніх послуг вимагає від українських ЗВО не лише створювати конкурентоспроможні освітні послуги, а й постійно вдосконалювати свої маркетингові комунікації для залучення аудиторії, бути компетентними в тому комунікаційному середовищі, у якому функціонує їхній навчальний заклад, з метою просування своїх пропозицій.
На прикладі сторінок КНУКіМ у соціальних мережах Facebook та Instagram наведено дані про ефективність застосування SMM-технологій факультетами університету, зокрема представлено рейтинг сторінок останніх в Instagram за коефіцієнтами охоплення та залучення аудиторії тощо. Звернено увагу на значення персонального бренда «Михайло Поплавський» під час просування КНУКіМ у соцмережах, з огляду на положення, що цільова аудиторія завжди більше довіряє тим закладам, за якими стоїть конкретна особистість.
Наголошено на тенденціях подальшого розвитку соціальних мереж, які закладам вищої освіти треба врахувати під час розробки стратегії маркетингу в соціальних мережах. Зроблено висновок, що активна присутність ЗВО в соціальних мережах може стати вирішальним інструментом досягнення перемоги в конкурентній боротьбі вишу на ринку освітніх послуг. Водночас важливою умовою ефективного просування ЗВО є правильний вибір найбільш популярної соціальної мережі, або соціальних мереж, відповідно до цільової аудиторії, на яку ЗВО скеровують свій вплив. Сучасним закладам вищої освіти необхідно активніше взаємодіяти з аудиторією в соціальних мережах, вивчаючи її смаки та уподобання, тим самим визначаючи найбільш дієві підходи до побудови комунікаційної політики закладу.