bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Groundwater and reservoirs interaction in its use for irrigation, Case study: Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Suhardi  , Setiawan Budi Indra , Munir Ahmad , Sapsal Muhammad Tahir 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The use of groundwater for irrigation in the Wajo Regency has been going on since the 2000s. The use of groundwater has the potential to cause high production costs, which can reduce farmers’ income. The Government of Wajo Regency provided a solution to this problem through the reservoir development program. However, the impact of the construction of reservoirs on environmental conservation is not yet known. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research that aims to determine reservoirs’ effect to fulfill plant water needs and their impact on the environment. The study was conducted by direct measurement in the field of the observed variables. Some data are obtained in real-time using sensors such as rainfall, groundwater level changes, surface water level, and evaporation data. Data were analyzed using the water balance approach. The results showed that the construction of reservoirs to meet the water needs of plants could reduce the radius of the influence of groundwater extraction for irrigation which has so far reached 50-100 m, as well as reducing the decrease in groundwater level during pumping, which originally reached more than 5 m. The reservoir can increase the groundwater level as indicated by the increase that occurs when the surface water level increases.
Usability testing of an android application of tractor distribution information system (GIS Tractor)
Authors: Kresna Andi B , Achmad M , Iqbal  , Hanifa A P 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
An android application for tractor system information, namely GIS Tractor, was launched recently. As a new application, it needs usability testing as a part of an assessment. Usability level can affect the ease of use of an application. This study was conducted to measure the acceptability of GIS Tractor based on USE questionnaire evaluation (Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of Use). Online questionnaires are used as a research instrument constructed as five-point Likert rating scales to rate a set of statements. The results showed that GIS Tractor had met the five aspects of usability testing. The use of the GIS tractor android application can assist the user in locating the distribution of tractor within Maros Regency faster than the manual system.
Identification of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in rhizosphere of bamboo thorns with gram methylene blue and lugol staining
Authors: Hardiansyah M Y , Musa Y , Jaya A M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria is a group of mirorooganisms that can increase plant growth and yield through reactions that occur in the soil, however, the large number of microorganisms contained in the PGPR rhizosphere of bamboo thorns makes it difficult to know which bacteria are the most dominant and most active in influencing plants. Generally, gram staining of bacteria aims to facilitate the observation of bacterial morphology with the aid of a microscope. Bacteria are generally colorless and almost invisible due to the lack of contrast with the water in which they may be present. Staining using methylene blue and lugol is generally needed to see the bacteria clearly. This study aims to determine the effect of using the gram stain test method with methylene blue and lugol in identifying PGPR bacteria from rhizosphere of bamboo thorn. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Biological Fertilizers and Potential Microbes, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University in October-December 2019. The research methods included the manufacture of microorganism planting media, pouring media, planting bacteria using the scatter and scratch method, and the gram reaction test using methylene blue and lugol. The results obtained showed that the use of the gram test with methylene blue and lugol resulted in a blue color which indicated the dominance of the genus Pseudomonas, while the pink/purple color indicated the dominance of the genus Bacillus. Changes in the color of the bacteria to pink/dark purple, the bacteria were gram negative and belong to the Pseudomonas group and there was a change in blue, so the bacteria were gram-positive and were group of Bacillus. Therefore, the use of the gram test with methylene blue and lugol has an optimal effect in detecting microorganisms especially in identifying PGPR.
The effect of explant size and addition of antiviral ribavirin on proliferation of meristematic potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Karjadi A K , Waluyo N 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) belongs to Solanacearum genus which is vegetatively propagated through tubers or cuttings. Viral systemic diseases are an important disease that can be carried within seeds. Conventional techniques of tissue culture when combined with chemotherapy can eliminate systemic diseases, especially viruses. Research activity was carried out in the tissue culture laboratory of Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute (IVEGRI) from April until November 2018. The study was aimed to observe the effect of (1) antiviral Ribavirin concentrations (0; 5; 10 mg l−1) added into MS medium supplemented with GA3 0.15 mg l−1, kinetin 0.1 mg l−1, Calsium panthothenate 2 mg l−1, Myo inositol 100 mg l−1, coconut water 100 ml l−1, sucrose 30 g l−1, agar 6.5 g l−1, pH 5.7; and (2) genotypic difference of given varieties i.e. Granola, Median and Atlantic to the growth and development of the meristematic tissue (E1), shoot tip (E2). The results showed that growth percentage and development of meristematic shoot at 4 weeks after treatment was 50 – 80%, contamination rate was 20 – 50%; the percentage of normal growth was 40 – 50%, average number of shoots was 0.25 – 0.95, the number of nodes was 0.35 – 2.50, roots 0.20 – 0.93; while visual observation of antiviral Ribavirin on MS medium showed influences on growth where explants of shoot tip growth was better than meristem of the three varieties studied.
Radiosensitivity of post-gamma irradiated Indigofera zollingeriana
Authors: Khaerani P I , Musa Y , Sjahril R , Nadir M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Gamma Irradiation by employing gamma-ray enables genetic transformation to produce the target gene activation functioning as a productivity determinant. A number of studies had found that the employment of gamma-ray is capable in improving the plant’s tolerance against drought treatment of irradiation. The purpose of this study was to determine the Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) and Reduction Dose 50 (RD50) of Indigofera zollingeriana post gamma irradiated. The irradiation dosage consisted of 0Gy (control, 50 Gy, 100 Gy, 150 Gy, and 200 Gy. Each dose consisted of 250 seeds were sown in the tray for 2 weeks after germination to determine the values of LD50 and RD50. Each LD50 and RD50 value of the Indigofera seeds was determined by processing the data on the survival rate of the radiation dose treatment survival rate using the Curve Expert 1.3 program. The observed parameter encompassed the germination percentage, seedling length, and seedling vigor index. This research shows the percentage of germination showed a value of 45.125 + 0.11 X -0.0006 x2 with LD50 = 320. 282 Gy; seedling length = 4.156 - 0.00472 X, with RD50= 406.356 Gy; and Seedling vigor index = 153.916 - 0.31244 X with RD50 = 246.435 Gy.
Tolerance response of ten chili genotypes under the limited watering condition
Authors: Gaswanto R , Gunaeni N 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ten chili genotypes of germplasm collection had been evaluated under limited watering conditions. The objective of the research was to know the mechanism response of each treated genotype under limited watering conditions. The research was conducted from February to December 2017 at Indonesia Vegetables Research Institute, Lembang (1,250 m sal). A randomized complete design (RCD) was used as a research design with three replications. There were 20 treatments which combination between 10 chili genotypes with limited (interval per six days) or unlimited watering (per daily). The seedlings were planted in plastic pots with a mixture of media soil:sand = 1:2, then be applied treatments. The population number of each genotype per treatment was 15 plants/replication. The results showed that AN and 238 were a better tolerance level than other genotypes under-treated limited watering conditions by some mechanisms, i.e the smallest change in total chlorophyll, but increase in proline content, and reduction in leaf area index and stomata number. Moreover, genotype 238 also developed effectivity water absorption by root elongation at untreated stress conditions. Hence the results could determine a good strategy for each genotype to be improved as a new tolerant variety in water deficiency conditions.
Agronomic characteristics of elite soybean lines and the response to pod shattering
Authors: Krisnawati A , Baliadi Y , Yusnawan E , Wijanarko A , Adie M M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The soybean productivity can be increased simultaneously by improving the genetic potential and saving the yield losses due to pod shattering. The research aimed to evaluate the agronomic characters and seed yield of 14 soybean elite lines and two check varieties, and to identify their resistance to pod shattering. The experiment was conducted in two stages, i.e. field, and laboratory research. The field experiment was conducted in Mojokerto (East Java, Indonesia) from February to May 2019, and arranged in a randomized block design using 16 soybean genotypes with four replications. The pod shattering resistance was evaluated using the oven-dry method in the laboratory of ILETRI, Malang. The agronomic characters of days to flowering, days to maturity, 100 seed weight, and seed yield were significantly different among genotypes, meanwhile, the other agronomic characters (plant height, number of nodes, number of branches, number of empty pods, number of filled pods, seed weight per plant) were not significantly different. The range of seed yield of 14 elite lines was 2.76 – 3.14 t/ha, and the check varieties of Anjasmoro and Gema were 2.56 t/ha and 2.76 t/ha, respectively. All elite lines have a large seed size but medium maturity. The shattering evaluation obtained two resistant lines and twelve elite lines as very susceptible to pod shattering. Combination of the characters of high yield (based on the LSI value) and shattering resistance resulted in two elite lines with high yield and shatter-resistant, and eleven high yielding lines but susceptible to pod shattering. Those elite lines could be recommended for varietal development, but with the implication that the high yielded lines and susceptible to shattering need to be harvested immediately after maturity, thus were suggested to be developed in areas with no labor scarcity. On the contrary, it was possible to delay harvest for the resistant elite lines without causing significant yield losses.
Sterility of 20 F1 genotypes derived from hybridization of several chilli’s lines with M1 male sterile
Authors: Gaswanto R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Open pollinated (OP) chili varieties seeds had been irradiated previously by gamma rays (400-600 Gy) to obtain four M1 sterile plants for this study. These sterile plants could be used as a breeding material for F1 male sterile hybrid variety. The purpose was to evaluate sterility of 20 F1 genotypes derived from hybridization of several chili’s lines with four M1 sterile plants. The research was conducted at Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute, Lembang (1,250 m above sea level) from April to December 2018. The research used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Population of each evaluated F1 genotype was 10 plants/replication. Sterility trait evaluation was observed by fruit setting ability of various flower’s grouping positions (lower, middle, upper) on each F1 genotype. Results show that there was one genotype categorized as sterile, one genotype as partial sterile, thirtheen genotypes as partial fertile, and five genotypes as fertile lines. Genotype 04 could be selected as a maintainer, whereas genotype RG-1 as a restorer line. Sterility of partial sterile lines with unstable trait could be increased by isolating and collecting the gene pool using back cross technique between their F1 progenies with maintainer lines for at least five generations.
Rice grain quality evaluation in some promising lines of swamp and upland rice
Authors: Handoko D D , Hairmansis A , Hermanasari R , Rumanti I A , Susanto U , Sitaresmi T , Nugraha Y 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The research aimed to determine the rice grain quality of some promising lines from the advanced breeding generation of swamp rice and upland rice. The research material was 43 rice grain samples from the multilocation test sites of swamp rice (16 rice lines, 3 check varieties) and upland rice (20 rice lines, 4 check varieties) harvested in 2018. All rough rice samples were analyzed for the rough rice physical quality, milled rice physical quality, milling quality, physicochemical quality, and organoleptic quality (scoring test and hedonic test). The results showed that in general, the promising lines of swamp rice had higher values of unpolished rice yield, polished rice yield, head rice percentage, and protein content than those of upland rice. In addition, the promising lines of swamp rice had lower empty rough rice and immature+chalky grain than those of upland rice lines. Among the promising lines of swamp rice, B13926E-KA-43, B13931E-KA-33, and BP30400F-KA-5 had the highest head rice percentage, unpolished rice yield, and polished rice yield, whereas, among the promising lines of upland rice, B15392D-KR-12, B15511D-KR-20, and B15514D-KR-5 had the highest head rice percentage, unpolished rice yield, and polished rice yield.
Growth and results test of adaptive superior rice varieties through integrated components in the rainfed of Central Java
Authors: Susila A , Oelviani R , Haryanto W , Winarni E , Jauhari S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The study aims to find new adaptive rice varieties with superior potential that was core out in three districts in 2016 growing season. The study area was 2,000 m2 each involving farmer cooperators. The assessment method used was the on farm research participant (OFCOR) approach in the demonstrations plot area. The superior varieties tested were Inpari 30, Inpari 10, Mekongga, and Ciherang variety as comparison. The parameters observed included the variability of plant growth and yields component, pest attack, and farmers response. The analytical method used was ANOVA to compare the mean of each tested variable using the Least Significance Difference (LSD) advanced test. The results show that the diversity of the new superior variety of Inpari 30 by applying the integrated components provided the highest growth performance and yield compared to the Ciherang variety, that is commonly planted by farmers, with an increase of 1.9 t/ha (36.5%) GKG and the Mekongga 1.7 t/ha (32%) GKG. The lowest yields were obtained for the Inpari to variety of 5.1 t/ha GKG and Ciherang. Mekongga and Inpari 30 had the same chance to be adapted more quickly by farmers because it provides increased yields and has the potential to be developed as site specific land.
Effect of Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica L.) root extract on earthworms, arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi spore, and growth of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) for local Kambowa variety
Authors: Kilowasid L M H , Hasmar L O J , Afa L O , Sutariati G A K , Namriah  , Rakian T C 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Earthworms have the ability to create new conditions in the soil environment and modulate the growth of beneficial soil microbial populations. Imperata releases exudate which creates less suitable soil conditions for growing food crops and horticulture. This study aims to: (i) study the effect of the concentration of cogongrass root extract on the abundance of earthworms and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores-(ii) to determine the effect of the soil-extract mixture engineered using earthworms on the upland rice growth for local Kambowa variety. The first experiment, extracts of cogongrass roots were made into five concentration levels, namely 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. Each concentration was mixed with soil from cogongrass land in a different vermireactor. In reactor, earthworms were released that had emptied their stomach contents, and were allowed to manipulate the mixture until the vemicast covered part of the soil surface. As a result, the total earthworms in all reactors were relatively the same, and the total spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the soil treated with a concentration of 60% was the most. The second experiment, the upland rice seedlings were grown on engineered soils. The differences in height, leaf area, number of tillers, panicle length, and total spikelet’s per panicle were significantly, except for leaves number, wet weight, dry weight, and percentage of spikelet filled. In conclusion, earthworms as potential ecosystem engineers are utilized in ecological engineering of soil quality in land dominated by reeds vegetation for the development of upland rice cultivation areas, particularly the local varieties of Kambowa.
Forage tree legumes and sustainable upland farming in Timor Island – Indonesia
Authors: Ngongo Y , Hau D K , Kotta N , Nulik J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Upland farmers in semi-arid region of Timor Island have frequently facing low and uncertain food crops production and chronic forage shortage during long dry season limiting livestock (cattle) production. This study explores forage development, particularly Leucaena and the dynamics of upland farming management among farmer groups in West Timor – Indonesia. The study mostly use forage data of ACIAR and AIAT-ENT collaboration research on forage development, particularly Leucaena conducted in ENT. The data were mostly analysed descriptively. The study showed that adoption of forage legume innovation, particularly Leucaena by upland farmers have solved forage shortage problem during long dry season in semi-arid region of Timor Island, it allowed farmers to do cattle fattening/shortening fattening period and improving crops (maize) production. Drawing on information regarding traditional farming (mixed-cropping) practices for food crops production and traditional local agro-forestry (Mamar) for perennial crops production, the research suggested that incorporated forage tree legume of Leucaena into both traditional farming system can improve/sustain crops and cattle production as well as environment.
Effect of integrated technology for fattening beef cattle in the livestock zone of North Sulawesi
Authors: Ifada Ratri Retno , Paat Paulus C , Yusuf  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This on-farm study aims to increase beef cattle productivity by utilizing integrated technology packages for local cattle fattening with a target of at least 800g/head daily gain. This study was carried out in the Minahasa Selatan district from August to October 2018. The integrated technology package for the fattening business pattern included: (1) complete feed, (2) intensive maintenance in multi-purpose cages, and (3) eradication of complete parasites. A complete feed is formulated in a balanced feed consisting of ammoniated rice straw and concentrate locally. The amount of dry matter concentrate was given per head is 1.5% of body weight (50% total consumption), while the ammoniated straw was ad libitum. For multipurpose cages, the upper part is equipped with a multipurpose tower as a barn while simultaneously serving straw, ad libitum, and continuous. Complete eradication of parasites using broad-spectrum anti-parasites to eradicate endoparasites that attack digestive tissues and other internal organs and ectoparasites to control the skin worms and eyeworms, cattle grubs, mange mites, sucking lice, sand tampans, and ticks. This study used fifteen local PO bulls fattened with an initial body weight of an average of 278.4 kg (± 54.34) with an observation period of 12 weeks. The observations showed that the average daily gain was 1,158 g/head, feed consumption 8,358 kg DM/head/day, and feed conversion ratio of 7.56. In contrast, the results of the business feasibility analysis showed a BCR coefficient of 1.69. The results of statistical analysis showed that the average weight gain increased significantly (p <0.01) after utilizing integrated fattening technology (308.8vs278.4 kg). It was concluded that the use of integrated technology for cattle fattening in beef cattle could increase productivity significantly and economically feasible.
Farmer group empowerment in developing joint venture (Study case at Karya Jasa 3 Group in Kendal)
Authors: Wulanjari M E , Cempaka I G , Jatuningtyas R K , Ambarsari I 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study aims to obtain an effective strategy for group empowerment in increasing joint efforts. The Karya Jasa 3 group in Kaliyoso-Kendal was the object of the present study. Data were collected from March to June 2020. The data taken included assets owned by farmer groups, group businesses, and group cash financial data. Data were collected through interviews with farmer group leaders and direct observation in the field. The data obtained were analyzed in an explanative manner. The results show that the group empowerment carried out was to build a joint business, in the form of an economic business unit which included: 1) Seed business; 2) Agricultural machine tool service unit; 3) Marketing of agricultural product; 4) Savings and loan business; and 5) Agricultural production supply store. The joint venture that has been built has been able to provide benefits for group members. Business profit was divided as follows: 70% for the group and 30% for members. Benefits for members are used to increase togetherness in the form of social activities. It was found that the strategic approach of empowering farmer groups in joint ventures should not only focus on productive business but also on social activities. Therefore, it was a portion of business profit used for recreation, religious events, or traditional occasions.
Growth performance of Bali Cattle with Lamtoro Taramba (Leucaena leucocephala) feed in Kupang Regency, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Achadri Y , Hau D K , Nulik J , Matitaputty P R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This research aimed to develop a Bali cattle farming system in Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) with Lamtoro Taramba feed’s main base. The research was conducted in the Raknamo farmer group, Kupang Regency, Nusa Tenggara Timur. The livestock used in this study were 8 (eight) Bali cattle, age 12-15 months, with an average initial body weight of 134.38 – 146,63 kg. The observation activity was to collect data on Bali cattle’s body weight, which were given the main feed of Lamtoro Taramba for three months and always feed available in cattle-shed, then calculated the daily body weight gain. The research results showed that Bali cattle’s average body weight from the first month of observation is 134.38 kg, the second month is 140,69 kg, the third month is 146,63 kg. The results of the research showed for the daily bodyweight gain from the first to second month (ADG 1) was 0.18 kg/day, the third month increased (ADG 2) by 0.19 kg/day; the statistical data was significant (P < 0.05). So, the daily body weight gain of Bali cattle increases with Lamtoro Taramba main feed.