bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exogenous application of non-mature miRNA-encoded miPEP164c inhibits proanthocyanidin synthesis and stimulates anthocyanin accumulation in grape berry cells
Authors: Vale Mariana , Rodrigues Jéssica , Badim Hélder , Gerós Hernâni , Conde Artur 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSecondary metabolic pathways in grape berries are tightly regulated by an array of molecular mechanisms, including microRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation. As recently discovered, before being processed into mature miRNAs, the primary transcripts of miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) can encode for small miRNA-encoded peptides (micropeptides - miPEPs) that ultimately led to an accentuated downregulation of the respective miRNA-targeted genes. Although few studies about miPEPs are available, the discovery of miPEPs reveals a new layer of gene regulation at the post-transcriptional level and may present a key advantage in agronomy.Here, we identified a miPEP encoded in non-mature miR164c putatively targeting grapevine’s transcription factor VvMYBPA1 (miPEP164c/miPEP-MYBPA1), a positive regulator of key genes in the proanthocyanidin-biosynthetic pathway, one that competes directly for substrate with the anthocyanin-biosynthetic pathway.Thus, the objective of this work was to test the hypothesis that the exogenous application of miPEP164c (miPEP-MYBPA1) can modulate the secondary metabolism of grape berry cells by inhibiting PA biosynthetic pathway while simultaneously stimulating anthocyanin synthesis.The exogenous application of miPEP164c to suspension-cultured cells from grape berry (cv. Gamay) enhanced the transcription of its corresponding pri-miR164c, thus leading to a more pronounced post-transcriptional silencing of its target VvMYBPA1. This led to a significant inhibition of the proanthocyanidin pathway, mostly via inhibition ofleucoanthocyanidin reductaseandanthocyanidin reductaseenzymatic activities and VvLAR1downregulation. In parallel, the anthocyanin-biosynthetic route was stimulated. Anthocyanin content was 31 % higher in miPEP164c-treated cells, in agreement with the higher activity of VvUFGT and the correspondingVvUFGT1transcripts.
Inhibitory properties of microalgal extracts on thein vitroreplication of cyprinid herpesvirus 3
Authors: Stefanie Fritzsche , Patrik Blenk , Jürgen Christian , Kathrin Castiglione , Maria Becker Anna 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMicroalgae often stand out for their high biodiversity as well as their associated large number of potent bioactives. Therefore, they are interesting candidates as possible sources of antiviral substances, e.g. against cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3). Although this virus leads to high mortalities in aquacultures, there is no treatment available yet. Hence, ethanolic extracts produced with accelerated solvent extraction from six microalgal species(Arthrospira platensis, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella kessleri, Haematococcus pluvialis, Nostoc punctiformeandScenedesmus obliquus)were examined in this study for inhibitory effects on viral replication. An inhibition of thein vitroreplication of CyHV-3 in common carp brain cells could be confirmed for all six species, with the greatest effect for theC. reinhardtiiandH. pluvialisextracts. At still non-cytotoxic concentrations viral DNA replication was reduced by over 3 orders of magnitude (> 99.9 %) each compared to the untreated replication controls, while the virus titers were at or even below the limit of detection. When pre-incubating cells and virus withC. reinhardtiiand especiallyH. pluvialisextracts before inoculation, the reduction of viral DNA and virus titer was even stronger. Based on these results, an intervention in the initial replication steps like viral adsorption or membrane fusion is assumed. Moreover, a protection mechanism preventing the production of viral proteins and the assembly of mature virions is also possible. All in all, the results show that microalgae are a very promising source of natural antiviral substances against CyHV-3.
Art collecting as consumption and entrepreneurial marketing as strategy
Authors: Fillis Ian , Lehman Kim 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe authors adopt a biographical methodology to investigate how a privately funded art museum has risen to become a key visitor destination on the island of Tasmania, Australia.Design/methodology/approachThe authors utilise both entrepreneurship and consumption as collecting lenses to gain insight into the success of a new arts venture. In addition to biographical methodology the authors utilise in-depth interviews and participant observation.FindingsThe analysis shows what can be achieved when alternative paths to creativity and innovation are pursued. The creativity inherent in such actions does not necessarily have to be substantial. Sometimes incremental approaches to achieving something different from the norm are sufficient.Research limitations/implicationsImplications include the continued merits of adopting a biographical approach to uncovering longitudinal insight into interlinking entrepreneurship and consumption practices. This approach enables key impacting events over time to be identified as they impact on the direction taken by the art entrepreneur.Practical implicationsThere is growing evidence that administrative approaches to arts governance are limiting in their effectiveness. This paper addresses the call to be more entrepreneurial in arts governance practices.Originality/valueThere are only a limited number of papers on entrepreneurship and consumption in the arts and this research adds to knowledge in the area.
Debt financing and firm performance: empirical evidence from the Pakistan Stock Exchange
Authors: Nazir Aamir , Azam Muhammad , Khalid Muhammed Usman 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the listed firms' debt level and performance on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) during a five-year period.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses pooled ordinary least squares regression and fixed- and random-effects models to analyse a cross-sectional sample of 30 Pakistani companies operating in the automobile, cement and sugar sectors during 2013–2017 (N = 150).FindingsThe results indicate that both short- and long-term debt have negative and significant impacts on firm performance in profitability. This suggests that agency issues may lead to a high-debt policy, resulting in lower performance. However, both sales growth and firm size have positive effects on the profitability of non-financial sector companies.Research limitations/implicationsThis study suggests that when debt financing significantly and negatively influences firm profitability, company owners and managers should focus on finding a satisfactory debt level. However, this study is limited to the automobile, cement and sugar sectors of Pakistan. Future studies could address other sectors, such as textiles, fertilizers and pharmaceuticals.Originality/valueThis study focusses on enhancing the existing empirical knowledge of debt financing's influence on the PSX's major sectors' profitability.
Contextual and corporate governance effects on carbon accounting and carbon performance in emerging economies
Authors: Cordova Carmen , Zorio-Grima Ana , Merello Paloma 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the driving forces for having carbon reporting and carbon reduction management strategies in emerging and developing countries.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology employed uses logit and linear panel data models and generalized moments method, to avoid endogeneity problems.

Findings
The results show that the carbon reporting decision is positively related to being located in Africa or America (as opposed to Asia), publishing a sustainability report and having certain corporate governance (CG) attributes such as a corporate social responsibility (CSR) committee, larger board size and an executive compensation policy based on environmental and social performance. Regarding the driving forces leading to a reduction of carbon emissions, no evidence is obtained on the effect of the variables considered.

Practical implications
The evidence obtained is valuable, as it can help standard-setters in these geographical areas to promote actions in the field of CG to increase transparency. Nonetheless, additional measures to disclosure should be needed in the future to help decrease carbon emissions more effectively.

Social implications
Raising awareness amongst companies helps mimetic isomorphism take place so that efforts can be made to report levels of pollution in an initial phase, which hopefully in the future may be managed to try to keep a decreasing path. Therefore, implications of this research are crucial for emerging and developing countries, as they are especially vulnerable to climate change.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to look into this phenomenon in emerging and developing countries from Asia, Africa and America. This contribution is unique as this research shows that location, publication of a sustainability report together with some CG attributes are drivers for carbon transparency.
Cultural capital and destination image: Insights from the Opera House tourist
Authors: Guachalla Adrian 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to identify the factors that foster an interest in opera and Opera Houses as a specific form of cultural capital and how the Opera House tourist constructs images of destinations from the cognitive, affective and conative dimensions.

Design/methodology/approach
A social constructivist methodology was adopted, and data was captured through online qualitative questionnaires from 226 Opera House tourists using a simple random sampling approach. These enquired about the development of their interest in opera and Opera Houses and the influence this exerts on their destination image formation process.

Findings
This form of cultural capital is mainly developed by exposure to art forms through family, social and further reference groups. Opera Houses project cognitive images of cosmopolitanism, affective images of social belonging and conative images of further opportunities to experience culture and leisure fostering destination loyalty and place attachment.

Research limitations
Productions of both opera and ballet are staged at Opera Houses, opening avenues for further research on either the opera or ballet tourist markets specifically using case studies across the ample spectrum of Opera Houses around the world.

Practical implications
In addition to the visual appeal and quality of cultural produce, tourism practitioners can use an Opera House’s projected affective images of social cohesion and togetherness to attract the Opera House tourist market. Opera Houses enrich a destination’s visual and cultural landscapes, cementing the need to preserve and promote their contributions to the destination’s cultural identity.

Social implications
This study highlights the need for cultural policy and audience development strategies that cultivate this type of cultural capital resulting in demand for and supply of cultural products that in turn stimulate the development of this niche cultural tourism market segment.

Originality/value
To the best of author’s knowledge, this is the first study that has approached the Opera House tourist from the destination image formation context.
Synthesis of Bi2WO6/g-C3N4 photocatalyst and high degradation of Rhodamine B under visible light irradiation
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Zhang Mengran , Zhao Binxia , Liu Linxue , Han Ruixuan , Wang Nan 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to improve the degradation efficiency of Rhodamine B (RhB) by new photocatalytic materials.

Design/methodology/approach
Binary Z-scheme g-C3N4/Bi2WO6 photocatalytic material was synthesized by the one-step hydrothermal reaction. The construction of Z-scheme heterojunction led to the rapid separation of photogenerated electrons and holes, which would degrade RhB into small molecular substances to achieve the purpose of degradation.

Findings
It was found that Bi2WO6/25%g-C3N4 displayed the highest photocatalytic activity, which was about 1.44 and 1.34 times higher than that of pure Bi2WO6 and g-C3N4, respectively. According to the trapping experiments, the superoxide radical (·O2−) was the major active species of the RhB decomposition in Bi2WO6/g-C3N4 catalysts.

Originality/value
The successful synthesis of Z-scheme Bi2WO6/g-C3N4 provides new ideas and references for the design of catalysts with high photocatalytic activity, which should have wide applications in the future.
The relationships between TQM, TPM, JIT and agile manufacturing: an empirical study in industrial companies
Authors: Khalfallah Meriem , Lakhal Lassaad 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThis empirical study aims to explore the relationship between Total quality management (TQM), Total productive/preventive maintenance (TPM) and Just-in time (JIT). It also seeks to examine the relationship between Just-in time (JIT) and agile manufacturing.Design/methodology/approachData for the study were collected from a survey of 205 industrial companies and the relationships proposed in the framework were tested using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results indicate that (1) TPM has a positive impact on TQM and JIT, (2) TQM has a positive effect on JIT and (3) JIT has a direct positive relationship with agile manufacturing. In addition, the results reveal an indirect effect of TPM and TQM on agile manufacturing through JIT.Research limitations/implicationsThe conceptual model proposed and tested in this study can be used by researchers for developing Lean manufacturing practices (TQM, TPM and JIT) and agile manufacturing theory. In addition, this model shows to practitioners the importance of integrating TQM, TPM and JIT in manufacturing firms. In other words, this study shows practitioners how firms can support their agile manufacturing system.Originality/valueThis research presents an innovative approach since it examines simultaneously the interdependencies between TQM, TPM and JIT and their direct and indirect link with agile manufacturing using structural equation modeling.
Optimization‐based recursive filtering for separation of signal from harmonics in vibroseis
Authors: Denisov M.S. , Egorov A.A. , Shneerson M.B. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTHarmonic noise may significantly complicate the processing of slip‐sweep vibroseis data. We propose a model of this noise and an optimal recursive filtering algorithm based on this model. In contrast to some alternatives, this method can remove harmonic noise caused by all the events on the seismic gather, instead of only removing the noise associated with the first arrivals. First, the algorithm predicts a number of noise models that correspond to the harmonics of different orders. Second, these models are subtracted from the input gather via adaptive subtraction, which estimates frequency‐dependent relative amplitudes of harmonics and introduces the needed phase shifts into the noise models. When applied to the field vibroseis data, the proposed algorithm successfully separates the harmonic noise from the signal.
Charismatic authority and fractured polities: A cross‐national analysis
Authors: Davis Andrew P. , Vila‐Henninger Luis 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSociological research has overlooked the political consequences of charismatic leadership that arises in existing democratic political bureaucracies. In this article, we theorize the consequences of charismatic leadership in democratic nations by revisiting Max Weber's theory of charismatic authority. Our extension of Weber's theory of charismatic authority helps to address a gap in the political polarization literature concerning the role of charismatic leadership. This article provides a foundational link in the research on charismatic authority–bridging the literatures on charisma and cross‐national comparative sociology. This bridging is enabled by advances in data collection that include information on charismatic authority in cross‐national context. This article makes use of a Driscoll and Kraay fixed‐effects analysis across 76 democracies from 1960 to 2009 to explore the relationship between charismatic leadership and political polarization. Our findings suggest that nations with higher levels of charismatic leadership tend to have higher levels of political polarization. These results contribute to both the literature on political polarization and charisma—as well as support our extension of Weber's theory of charismatic authority.
Predicting the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in Chinese people who have coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance
Authors: Xu Shishi , Scott Charles A.B. , Coleman Ruth L. , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Holman Rury R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimsRobust diabetes risk estimates in Asian patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and coronary heart disease (CHD) are lacking. We developed a Chinese type 2 diabetes risk calculator using Acarbose Cardiovascular Evaluation (ACE) trial data.MethodsThere were 3105 placebo‐treated ACE participants with requisite data for model development. Clinically relevant variables, and those showing nominal univariate association with new‐onset diabetes (P < .10), were entered into BASIC (clinical variables only), EXTENDED (clinical variables plus routinely available laboratory results), and FULL (all candidate variables) logistic regression models. External validation was performed using the Luzhou prospective cohort of 1088 Chinese patients with IGT.ResultsOver median 5.0 years, 493 (15.9%) ACE participants developed diabetes. Lower age, higher body mass index, and use of corticosteroids or thiazide diuretics were associated with higher diabetes risk. C‐statistics for the BASIC (using these variables), EXTENDED (adding male sex, fasting plasma glucose, 2‐hour glucose, and HbA1c), and FULL models were 0.610, 0.757, and 0.761 respectively. The EXTENDED model predicted a lower 13.9% 5‐year diabetes risk in the Luzhou cohort than observed (35.2%, 95% confidence interval 31.3%‐39.5%, C‐statistic 0.643).ConclusionA risk prediction model using routinely available clinical variables can be used to estimate diabetes risk in Chinese people with CHD and IGT.
Awareness and utilisation of advanced gynaecological ultrasound in the preoperative work‐up of women planning surgery for endometriosis: A survey of RANZCOG fellows and trainees
Authors: Menakaya Uchefuna A. , Hannedege Bhatiya , Infante Fernando , Lanzarone Valeria , Adno Alan , Johnson Neil P. 
Published: March 2021

Background
Endometriosis‐specific (advanced gynaecological) ultrasound is recommended as part of preoperative work‐up of women with suspected endometriosis.
Aim
To evaluate the awareness and utilisation of advanced gynaecological ultrasound in the preoperative work‐up of women with suspected endometriosis among active RANZCOG (Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists) fellows and trainees.
Materials and methods
Anonymous online survey invitations were emailed to all active RANZCOG fellows in Australia and New Zealand. Descriptive analysis of responses and multivariate analysis where appropriate were performed. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
A 17% (437/2567) survey response rate and 93% (409/437) completion rate were recorded; 59% (248/421) of respondents identified as generalists, whereas 15% (63/421) identified as advanced laparoscopic surgeons. Routine pelvic ultrasound (88.9%, 361/406) was the most common imaging modality requested by respondents; 32% (128/405) of respondents would also always request advanced gynaecology ultrasound. Respondents’ self‐reported practice type was significantly associated with utilisation of advanced gynaecological ultrasound (P = 0.03); 79.6% (348/437) agreed with our proposed definition of advanced gynaecological ultrasound for endometriosis. A major limitation to the utilisation of advanced gynaecological ultrasound for endometriosis was the lack of local expertise (63.8%, 233/356).
Conclusion
The utilisation of advanced gynaecological ultrasound for endometriosis is significantly influenced by respondents’ self‐reported practice type and limited by the lack of local expertise.
Channels for Influence or Maps of Behavior? A Field Experiment on Social Networks and Cooperation
Authors: Atwell Paul , Nathan Noah L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCommunities in developing countries often must cooperate to self‐provide or co‐produce local public goods. Many expect that community social networks facilitate this cooperation, but few studies directly observe real‐life networks in these settings. We collect detailed social network data in rural Northern Ghana to explore how social positions and proximity to community leaders predict donations to a local public good. We then implement a field experiment manipulating participants' opportunity to communicate and apply social pressure before donating. We find clear evidence that locations in community social networks predict cooperative behavior, but no evidence that communication improves coordination or cooperation, in contrast to common theoretical expectations and laboratory findings. Our results show that evolved, real‐life social networks serve as a mapping of community members' already‐engrained behaviors, not only as an active technology through which social influence propagates to solve collective action problems.
Driving vision in patients with neovascular AMD in anti‐VEGF treatment
Authors: Ferløv Baselius Nanna Jo , Brynskov Troels , Falk Mads Krüger , Sørensen Torben Lykke , Subhi Yousif 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeTo report real‐world experiences on driving vision in patients with neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) undergoing intravitreal anti‐VEGF treatment.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of treatment‐naïve patients with neovascular AMD commenced in anti‐VEGF treatment (n = 416) and followed for 4 years in a pro re nata treatment regimen. Monocular best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measured using ETDRS was performed on the treatment eye at all visits and on the fellow eye at baseline, every 6 months, and upon any patient‐reported change in vision. Driving vision was defined as BCVA in the best‐seeing eye of ≥70 ETDRS letters (equivalent to ≥0.5 Snellen) corresponding to the minimum BCVA required in many countries.ResultsDriving vision was present in 280 patients (67%) and was sustained in 86%, 74%, 65% and 59% of the patients at 1, 2, 3 and 4 years, respectively. Lower BCVA in the best‐seeing eye predicted loss of driving vision. In patients without driving vision at baseline, driving vision was regained in 29%, 36%, 39% and 41% of the patients at 1, 2, 3 and 4 years, respectively; but only 35% sustained driving vision after the first year. Lower age and higher BCVA in best‐seeing eye predicted regain of driving vision.ConclusionDriving vision can be sustained in the majority of the patients if they have driving vision at baseline. This study provides important prognostic information for patients with neovascular AMD.