bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Inundation on Water Chemistry and Invertebrates in Floodplain Wetlands
Authors: Tsoi Wing (Iris) , Growns Ivor , Southwell Mark , Ryder Darren , Frazier Paul 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Floodplain wetlands play a significant role in the storage of sediment and water and support high levels of nutrient cycling that lead to substantial primary production and high biodiversity. This storage, cycling and production system is driven by intermittent inundation. In regulated rivers the link between channel flows and floodplain inundation is often impacted with reduction in the frequency and duration of inundation. Managed floodplain inundation is us being used as a tool to help restore floodplain wetland processes and rehabilitate river systems. However, the use of managed water for the environment remains contentious and it is important to quantify the outcomes of re-introducing water to floodplain wetland systems. We examined the effects of environmental floodplain watering on water chemistry and three groups of invertebrates, including benthic and pelagic invertebrates and macroinvertebrates, in wetlands on the Gwydir River system in the north of the Murray-Darling Basin. We hypothesised that wetlands that were inundated for longer periods of time would have altered water chemistry and support a greater richness and abundance of invertebrates, thus altering their assemblage structures. Water chemistry and the assemblage structure of all three invertebrate groups in the wetlands was significantly influenced by the time since connection (TSC) to their respective rivers and therefore inundation period. The microinvertebrate abundance of was positively associated with TSC, but not macroinvertebrates. This suggests that the duration of connection between the channel and floodplain is important in maintaining the ecology and food webs in the wetlands.
Isovitexin, a main Flavonoid Compound from Celtis Sinensis Pers. Leaves, Exerts Activity Against Inflammation caused by Contacting Ginkgolic Acids in Ginkgo Fruit through Downregulating SHP2 Activation
Authors: zhang yiwei , qi zhipeng , wang wenjie , wang lei , cao Fuliang , zhao linguo , fang xianying 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
It has been reported that Celtis sinensis Pers. is employed as a folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation diseases. But the mechanism supporting its use as anti-inflammatory remain unclear. To investigate the anti-inflammatory of Celtis sinensis Pers. ICR mice were provided Celtis sinensis Pers. leaf extract (CLE) at 100, 200mg/kg after ginkgolic acids (GA) sensitization. Our data showed that CLE and the main flavonoid isovitexin in CLE could ameliorate GA-induced contact dermatitis in mice. Ear swelling, inflammatory cell infiltration and splenomegaly were inhibited significantly by isovitexin, while the weight loss of mice in the isovitexin-treated group was much better than that in the dexamethasone-treated group (positive control drug). It has been reported in previous research that GA-induced inflammation is closely related to the T cell response. Therefore, T cells were the focus of the anti-inflammatory effect of isovitexin in this paper. The in vivo results showed that isovitexin (10, 20mg/kg) inhibited the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-17A) in lymph nodes, inhibited the secretion of cytokines into the serum from mice with contact dermatitis and promoted the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. In vitro, isovitexin also induced apoptosis and proinflammatory cytokine expression in Con A-activated T cells. Further study showed that the MAPK and STAT signaling pathways and the phosphorylation of SHP2 were inhibited by isovitexin. Both molecular docking and biological experiments indicated that SHP2 may be an anti-inflammatory target of isovitexin in T cells. Taken together, isovitexin can serve as a potential natural agent for the treatment or prevention of GA-induced inflammatory problems.
Assessment of Landslide Susceptibility using Weight of Evidence and Frequency Ratio Model in Shahpur Valley, Eastern Hindu Kush
Authors: Rahman Ghani , Rahman Atta Ur , Bacha Alam Sher , Mahmood Shakeel , Moazzam Muhammad Farhan Ul , Lee Byung Gul 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study assessed landslide susceptibility using Weight of Evidence (WoE) and Frequency Ratio (FR) model in Shahpur valley, situated in the eastern Hindu Kush. Here, the landslides are recurrent phenomena that disrupt the natural environment and causes huge property damages as well as human losses every year. These damages are expected to increase due to the high rate of deforestation in the region, population growth, agricultural expansion and infrastructural development on the slopes. Initially, the landslide inventory map was prepared from the SPOT-5 satellite image and was verified from frequent field visits. Seven landslide contributing factors including surface geology, fault lines, slope aspect and gradient, land use, proximity to roads and streams were selected. To analyze the relationship between landslide occurrence with its causal factors, WoE and FR models were used. Based on WoE and FR model landslide susceptibility zonation maps were prepared and reclassified into very low to very high landslide susceptible zones. Finally, the resultant maps of landslide susceptibility were validated using the success rate curve and prediction rate curve approach to validate the models.
Awareness, Knowledge, Perceived Benefits, and Barriers Regarding Precision Medicine and Willingness to Participate in a National Registry: Comparison of Cancer Patients and the General Population
Authors: Lee Mangyeong , Cho Juhee , Kong Sun-Young , Yoon Junghee , Kang Danbee , Choi Kui Son , Shin Soo-Yong , Seo Hwa Jeong , Jung So-Youn , Lim Myong Cheol , Lee Eun Sook , Chang Yoon Jung 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Precision medicine (PM) is a growing area of interest in cancer care. However, relatively little is known about the public attitudes toward PM and the factors associated with the willingness to participate in the construction of national registries for PM.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,500 cancer patients and 1,496 general population in South Korea from November 2016 to February 2017. We evaluated cancer patients’ awareness, knowledge, as well as perceived benefits and barriers regarding precision medicine (PM), and their willingness to participate in a national registry for PM, compared to the general population. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with the willingness to participate in a national registry for PM.
Results
1,500 cancer patients and 1,496 general population were recruited for the study. Cancer patients were less likely to have heard of PM than the general population (20.0% and 33.1%, P < .001), 34.2% of the participants knew the correct definition of PM. Cancer patients were more likely to However, fewer study participants in both groups said they would like to share their personal health data for PM, compared to the number of people who are willing to participate. Cancer patients (aOR 2.98, 95% CI, 2.47–3.61), participants who had heard of PM before (aOR 1.40, 95% CI, 1.00-1.95), had greater perceived benefits (aOR, 2.48, 95% CI, 1.88–3.27) and fewer perceived barriers (aOR 1.57, 95% CI, 1.18–2.08) regarding PM were more likely to have the willingness to participate in the registry compared to those who did not.
Conclusions
Cancer patients were more likely to have greater perceived benefits of PM and higher willingness to participate in the related study than the general population. However, both two groups were still informed about PM well. This study suggests considering the provision of information and education about PM such as expected values and required roles both to the general population and cancer patients.
Capsulorhexis Under Continuous Fluid Pressure in Intumescent Cataracts: A New Technique
Authors: UÇAR Fikret 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of the anterior capsulorhexis technique under continuous fluid pressure with anterior chamber maintainer in intumescent cataracts.Methods: Scheduled for phacoemulsification due to intumescent cataracts, 84 eyes of 84 patients were included in the study. An anterior chamber maintainer, which provided continuous fluid pressure in the anterior chamber, was placed in the patients of Group 1 (n = 42). Capsulorhexis without viscoelastic was then applied under continuous fluid pressure. In Group 2 (n = 42) patients, capsulorhexis was performed by utilizing an ophthalmic viscoelastic device (OVD) to the anterior chamber. The efficiency and reliability of our capsulorhexis method were evaluated by comparing the intraoperative and postoperative complications that occurred in such cases.Results: Radial tear did not occur in any of the cases in the capsulorhexis stage in Group 1; however, 6 Group 2 patients were observed to have radial tears(p<0.05). Progression of the anterior capsule, which did not turn into a radial tear, to the periphery was observed in 2 patients in Group 1, and 8 patients in Group 2(p<0.05). When liquefied cortical material egress dynamics were evaluated; the controlled fluid output was observed in 41 patients (97.61%) in Group 1, and 29 patients (69.4%) in Group 2 (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference revealed between the two groups in the endothelial cell loss (p> 0.05).Conclusion: The technique we used provides a controlled and safe capsulorhexis in intumescent cataracts, reduces surgical complications, and does not require any additional cost.
Formability and interface structure of Al/Mg/Al composite sheet rolled by hard-plate rolling (HPR)
Authors: Huo Peng Da , Li Feng , Wang Ye , Xiao Xing Mao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
How to improve the bonding ability and quality perform between heterogeneous plates has always been one of the difficult issues that have long been concerned in the field of high-performance heterogeneous composite plate forming and manufacturing. This paper proposes a new method for manufacturing heterogeneous composite panels—composite panels by hard-plate rolling (HPR). In addition to adding hard plates above and below the aluminum/magnesium/aluminum (Al/Mg/Al) composite slab, the research results of the hot rolling process of the composite plate with or without the hard plates at 40%, 60%, and 80% reduction show that the hard plates can be rolled During the manufacturing process, the shear stress in the rolling direction (RD) is partially converted into the compressive stress in the normal direction (ND), which then increases the welding pressure between the heterogeneous composite laminates, which can inhibit the occurrence of bending and edge cracks, and significantly improve the quality and shape of the board ability. At the same time, through the study of the interface structure of the composite plate, it can be known that metallurgical bonding can be achieved with a small reduction after the addition of the hard-plate, and two clear layers of Al3Mg2 and Al17Mg12 intermetallic compounds appear at the Al/Mg interface, and the thickness of the diffusion layer is uniform. Significantly larger than the traditional hot-rolled composite board, the thickness of the diffusion layer can reach 38µm under the condition of 60% reduction under the action of the hard-plate, the yield strength is 172.3MPa, and the elongation reaches 21.5%. In summary, the hot-rolled by hard-plate is high forming and manufacturing of performance heterogeneous composite panels provides a method.
Zooplankton Size Structure in Relation to Environmental Factors in the Xiangxi Bay of Three Gorges Reservoir, China
Authors: Li Haoran , Gu Yuan , Cai Qinghua , Dong Xiaowei , Ye Lin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Body size is sensitive to environmental changes and recognized as one of the fundamental traits linking ecological functions. Recently, size structure has been suggested as a useful indicator for environmental monitoring and assessment in aquatic ecosystems. However, the organisms’ size structure and the relationship with environmental factors remain seldom addressed in reservoir ecosystems. In this study, firstly, we investigated the zooplankton community composition and size structure, including the slope of the normalized biomass size spectrum (NBSS) and size diversity in the Xiangxi Bay of Three Gorges Reservoir, China. Then we analyzed how the environmental factors affect the zooplankton abundance and size structure (NBSS slope and size diversity) by using the structural equation model (SEM). In terms of the community composition, rotifers were the predominant zooplankton group in the Xiangxi bay during the whole research period, which abundance is significantly higher than protozoan, cladoceran, and copepod (Mann-Whitney U tests, P < 0.001). For the size structure, both the slope of NBSS and size diversity showed high spatiotemporal dynamics. The slope of NBSS ranged from − 2.201 to -0.097, and the size diversity ranged from 0.631 to 3.291. And lowest values of NBSS slope and size diversity were observed in the upstream areas of Xiangxi Bay. Further analyses based on SEMs found a clear pathway revealing how nutrient variables affect the zooplankton abundance and size structure. That is, dissolved inorganic nitrogen had an indirect effect on the zooplankton abundance, NBSS slope, and size diversity by affecting the phytoplankton biomass. In addition, SEM found that water temperature had a significant negative effect on the size diversity but had nonsignificant effects on zooplankton abundance and NBSS slope. This finding suggests that size diversity is a useful index in measuring the zooplankton size structure. Our study highlights that size diversity is a robust indicator for environmental monitoring and assessment, especially in complex and dynamic reservoir ecosystems.
The Study of Anticancer Activity of Satureja Khuzestanica Alcoholic Extracts On Expression of Bcl2 And Bax Genes In The Pc3 Cell Line
Authors: Kazemi Saman , tanomand asghar , Soltanzadeh Hossein , Shahsavari Gholamreza 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men after lung cancer. It has grown in Iran in recent years. The use of medicinal plants is one of the most useful ways that causes the least side effects. Due to high levels of antioxidant compounds, Satureja khuzestanica is a good source for drug use to treat and prevent the development and progress of cancers. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-cancer property of Satureja khuzestanica extract on the expression of Bcl2 and Bax genes in prostate cancer cell lines.Methodology: After collecting the plant in spring, the chloroform extract was prepared by rotary device. PC3 cancer cells were incubated at different concentrations of the extract for 24 hours. The inhibitory effect of the extract was evaluated using MTT assay as IC50. To evaluate apoptosis, the level of expression of Bax and BCL-2 genes after RNA extraction and transformation to cDNA were evaluated using Real Time PCR. All data were analyzed using REST software.Results: The results revealed a direct and significant relationship between the two variables of drug composition and rate of PC3 cell death. This composition increased Bax gene expression and decreased BCL-2 gene expression and induced apoptosis (P <0.05).Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the results, Satureja khuzestanica extract is likely to have anticancer properties and seems to be a new drug for killing prostate cancer cells.
Dual RNA-Seq Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Correlates Specific Human Transcriptional Response Pathways Directly to Viral Expression
Authors: Maulding Nathan , Seiler Spencer , Pearson Alexander , Kreusser Nicholas , Stuart Joshua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has challenged humankind’s ability to quickly determine the cascade of health effects caused by a novel infection. Even with the unprecedented speed at which vaccines were developed and introduced into society, identifying therapeutic interventions and drug targets for patients infected with the virus remains important as new strains of the virus may evolve, or future coronaviruses may emerge, that are resistant to current vaccines. The application of transcriptomic RNA sequencing of infected samples may shed new light on the pathways involved in viral mechanisms and host responses. We describe the application of “dual RNA-seq” analysis to consider both the host and pathogen transcriptomes simultaneously, to investigate for the first time the co-regulation of human and SARS-CoV-2 genes. Together with differential expression analysis, we describe the tissue specificity of SARS-CoV-2 expression, an inferred lipopolysaccharide response, and co-regulation of CXCL’s, SPRR’s, S100’s with SARS-CoV-2 expression. Lipopolysaccharide response pathways in particular offer promise for future therapeutic research and the prospect of subgrouping patients based on chemokine expression that may help explain the vastly different reactions patients have to infection. Taken together these findings illuminate previously unappreciated SARS-CoV-2 expression signatures, identify new therapeutic considerations, and contribute a pipeline for studying multi-transcriptome systems.
Projecting Aridity from Statistically Downscaled and Bias Corrected Variables for Gediz Basin/Turkey
Authors: Kirdemir Umut , Okkan Umut 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In recent years, significant temperature increase all across of the world draws attention and climate regimes are shifting in different parts of the world. By the reason of these climatological changes, a study was conducted in Gediz Basin/Turkey, where agricultural production has an important place. In the study prepared, twelve GCMs were utilized under RCP4.5, RCP6.0 and RCP8.5 scenarios of 5th Assesment Report of IPCC for the period 2015-2050. The statistical downscaling methods were employed and the projections were derived right after applying weighted-averaged ensemble mean by Bayesian Model Averaging method and bias correction by equidistant quantile mapping method. The temperature-based potential evapotranspiration formulas were modified in accordance with Penman-Monteith method and the aridity indexes were calculated by UNEP (1992). According to the projections, the mean annual temperature increases between 1.5℃ and 2.2℃ and mean total annual potential evapotranspiration increases between 5% and 8% are foreseen in Gediz Basin for the near future. It is foreseen that semi-arid climate regime may predominate over the region for all of the RCP scenarios under the increasing dryness in basin climate. In addition, it was obtained in the study that sub-humid climate state occurance for all of the regions included by the basin may be unexpected in the future for RCP8.5 scenario. The presence of semi-arid climate conditions may be more potent with the increasing trend of radiative forcing over time.
Determinants of surgeon referral and radiation therapy receipt following breast conservation among older women with early-stage breast cancer
Authors: Patel Mira A. , Cha Elaine , Lobaugh Stephanie , Zhang Zhigang , McCormick Beryl , Braunstein Lior Z. , Cahlon Oren , Powell Simon N. , Morrow Monica , Khan Atif , Gillespie Erin F. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Guidelines for early-stage breast cancer allow for radiotherapy (RT) omission following breast conserving surgery (BCS) among older women, though high utilization of RT persists. This study explores surgeon referral and the effect of a productivity-based bonus metric for radiation oncologists in an academic institution with centralized quality assurance (QA) review.
Methods
We evaluated patients ≥ 70 years of age treated with BCS for ER + pT1N0 breast cancer at a single institution between 2015–2018. The primary outcomes were radiation oncology referral and RT receipt. Covariables included patient and physician characteristics, and treatment decisions before versus after productivity metric implementation. Univariable generalized linear effects models explored associations between these outcomes and covariables.
Results

Of 703 patients included, 483 (69%) were referred to radiation oncology and 273 (39%) received RT (among those referred, 57% received RT). No difference in RT receipt pre- versus post- productivity metric implementation was observed (p = 0.57). RT receipt was associated with younger patient age (70–74 years, OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.54–4.57) and higher grade (grade 3, OR 7.75, 95% CI 3.33–18.07). Initial referral was associated with younger age (70–74, OR 5.64, 95% CI 3.37–0.45) and higher performance status (KPS ≥90, OR 5.34, 95% CI 2.63–10.83).
Conclusion

Non-referral to radiation oncology accounted for half of RT omission, but was based on age and KPS, in accordance with guidelines. Lack of radiation oncologist practice change in response to misaligned financial incentives is reassuring, potentially reflecting centralized QA review. Multi-institutional studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Improved Oil Resistance of Cellulose Packaging Paper by Coating with Natural Polymer Derived Materials
Authors: Wang Feijie , Wang Liqiang , Zhang Xinchang , Ma Shufeng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Paper is widely used as food packaging due to its good mechanical strength and degradability. However, it has a relatively strong affinity for water and oil, which limits its application scope. In this work, we prepare two types of coated paper to investigate, the influence the air permeability and polarity on the oil resistance of the coated paper. The results showed that reducing the air permeability improved the grease resistance of the coated paper. High surface energy coatings also showed better oil resistance because of their higher content of polar components that resulted in a higher resistance to grease. The mechanical properties of the paper also improved after applying the coating. These natural derived materials offer an alternative to the fluoride-containing materials currently used in the market to improve the wettability of paper.
Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonist Eltrombopag Prevents Insulin Resistance and Synaptic Pathology via HIF1α/COX2/Sirt1 Signaling Pathway&nbsp;
Authors: yu he , wang xuebao , liu leping , chen baihui , feng shuya , lu xiaoai , you ruimin , Ding Saidan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Insulin resistance has been reported to be closely correlated with the pathogenesis of MHE. The mechanism underlying the effects of thrombopoietin receptor agonist eltrombopag (ELT) on synaptic activity and formation involved in MHE pathogenesis remains unclear. Methods: The effect of ELT on neurodegeneration and insulin resistance was examined in the primary rat neurons and an MHE rat model. Results: We found that the level of thrombopoietin receptor c-MPL (MPL) expression was decreased in MHE brains, and ELT administration improved insulin resistance, alleviated the destruction of synaptic formation and enhanced learning and memory in the MHE rats, indicating the relationship between dowregulated ELT and insulin resistance. Then in vitro, ELT treatment ameliorated the impairment of glucose uptake, indicating the reduction of insulin resistance. High dose of glucose inhibited insulin-stimulated downregulation of Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) expression, the inhibition of inflammatory response and upregulation of sirtuin-1 (Sirt1), destruction of synaptic formation and activity, which were all reversed by ELT treatment in insulin resistant neurons.Conclusions: These results indicate that ELT is a promising potential therapeutic agent for insulin resistance and defect in learning and memory.