bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly efficient microwave‐assisted solvent free sequential one‐pot multicomponent synthesis of novel 2‐hydroxy indenopyridin‐5‐ones and mechanismic computational study
Authors: Jamali Marzieh , Sardarian Ali Reza , Rezaei Farideh , Ghanbari Mohammad Mehdi , Mohajeri Afshan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA sequential one‐pot three‐component microwave‐assisted reaction for the efficient and regioselective synthesis of unprecedented polysubstituted 2‐hydroxypyridines has been reported. In brief, 1H‐indene‐1,3(2H)‐dione was reacted with acetamide in the presence of NaOH to give N‐(1‐oxo‐1H‐inden‐3‐yl)acetamide, which was treated in situ with aromatic aldehydes to build up the 2‐hydroxy‐4‐aryl‐5H‐indeno[1,2‐b]pyridin‐5‐ones without using any oxidant and isolation of intermediate.
Text automation tool to improve pharmacist productivity and work capacity in a digital hospital: a pilot study
Authors: Van Garderen Aaron , Snoswell Centaine L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHospitals and health services are increasingly using digital systems to improve medication safety. Yet, despite many gains, negative user experiences and increased documentation time have been recognised as the main barriers to successful adoption of an electronic medication management (EMM) system in routine practice. The objective of this study was to describe the results of a preliminary trial in which clinical pharmacists used a customised pharmacist text and reference automation tool (PARAT). The clinic pharmacist then completed a survey to determine if they found that the tool affected their productivity or documentation consistency when used with an EMM system. Fifteen pharmacists completed the training, the four‐week trial, and the follow‐up survey. The main outcome measure was self‐reported clinical pharmacist productivity and user experience. Overall, they indicated that PARAT had a positive impact on their productivity, work capacity and the EMM user experience. Fourteen (93.3%) participants indicated that the tool was either ‘easy to use’ or ‘easy to use – training required’. No participant stated that the tool was hard to use. Agreement was highest with the statements that PARAT improved clinical workflow and improved clinical work capacity (mean of 4.1). Automation of text creation for common intervention recording was listed as second most useful among participants. The findings from this study demonstrate that PARAT is acceptable to pharmacists and is likely to enhance clinical pharmacist workflows.
THE ART OF ALIGNMENT—SETTING THE STRUCTURES AND PROCESSES TO DRIVE THE MISSION OF YOUR ORGANIZATION
Authors: Johnson Art , Beckler Erik 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe authors discuss the optimal ways to communicate mission and vision statements to employees of organizations. They write about what they call alignment, using the metaphor of old‐style car radio buttons, or today’s music streaming services. In their words, “we all need to have our own frequency adjustment dial to fine tune our communications as well as add more frequencies where we are comfortable communicating with people with different backgrounds and experiences. In aligned organizations, there are common frequencies at which all can communicate, no matter the favorites on the push buttons or in your profile.” To “reinforce your mission frequency,” they outline the following points, in their words: (1) Determine what mission‐driven activity is and put it in writing. (2) Create a structure to gather the stories. (3) Work with your leaders to create processes to capture the stories. (4) Share the stories inside AND outside. Within the latter, “Tasks that seem superficial, like an organizational newsletter, can become part of the fabric that helps build aligned processes and practices as a matter of daily work. For it is in that fabric of daily work where the mission and vision are lived out.”
Whole‐brain high‐resolution metabolite mapping with 3D compressed‐sensing SENSE low‐rank 1H FID‐MRSI
Authors: Klauser Antoine , Klauser Paul , Grouiller Frédéric , Courvoisier Sébastien , Lazeyras François 
Published: October 2021

There is a growing interest in the neuroscience community to map the distribution of brain metabolites in vivo. Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is often limited by either a poor spatial resolution and/or a long acquisition time, which severely restricts its applications for clinical and research purposes. Building on a recently developed technique of acquisition‐reconstruction for 2D MRSI, we combined a fast Cartesian 1H‐FID‐MRSI acquisition sequence, compressed‐sensing acceleration, and low‐rank total‐generalized‐variation constrained reconstruction to produce 3D high‐resolution whole‐brain MRSI with a significant acquisition time reduction. We first evaluated the acceleration performance using retrospective undersampling of a fully sampled dataset. Second, a 20 min accelerated MRSI acquisition was performed on three healthy volunteers, resulting in metabolite maps with 5 mm isotropic resolution. The metabolite maps exhibited the detailed neurochemical composition of all brain regions and revealed parts of the underlying brain anatomy. The latter assessment used previous reported knowledge and a atlas‐based analysis to show consistency of the concentration contrasts and ratio across all brain regions. These results acquired on a clinical 3 T MRI scanner successfully combined 3D 1H‐FID‐MRSI with a constrained reconstruction to produce detailed mapping of metabolite concentrations at high resolution over the whole brain, with an acquisition time suitable for clinical or research settings.
Intelligent gels – artificial soft tissue for the next era
Authors: Sano Ken‐Ichi , Kawamura Ryuzo , Osada Yoshihito 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA substantial part of the human body is made of soft tissue which is a hydrogel consisting mainly of collagen and proteoglycan fiber networks. In the last decades, great effort has been made to create artificial tissues using synthetic and biological hydrogels. Examples are superior hydrogels which exhibit excellent mechanical properties like connective tissue and extremely low frictional coefficients like synovial cartilage. A tunable photonic crystal showing a variety of structural colors using nano‐dotted hydrogel is another unique example. Various types of gel actuators with muscle‐like motility have also been developed. In this article recent trends and achievements of intelligent gels with tissue‐like functions are described after a brief overview of the extracellular matrix. © 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Assessing the accuracy of contact and distance predictions in CASP14
Authors: Ruiz‐Serra Victoria , Pontes Camila , Milanetti Edoardo , Kryshtafovych Andriy , Lepore Rosalba , Valencia Alfonso 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe present the results of the assessment of the intramolecular residue–residue contact and distance predictions from groups participating in the 14th round of the CASP experiment. The performance of contact prediction methods was evaluated with the measures used in previous CASPs, while distance predictions were assessed based on a new protocol, which considers individual distance pairs as well as the whole predicted distance matrix, using a graph‐based framework. The results of the evaluation indicate that predictions by the tFold framework, TripletRes and DeepPotential were the most accurate in both categories. With regards to progress in method performance, the results of the assessment in contact prediction did not reveal any discernible difference when compared to CASP13. Arguably, this could be due to CASP14 FM targets being more challenging than ever before.
Double‐wavelet transform for multi‐subject resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data
Authors: Zhou Minchun , Boyd Brian D. , Taylor Warren D. , Kang Hakmook 
Published: October 2021

AbstractConventional regions of interest (ROIs)—level resting state fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) response analyses do not rigorously model the underlying spatial correlation within each ROI. This can result in misleading inference. Moreover, they tend to estimate the temporal covariance matrix with the assumption of stationary time series, which may not always be valid. To overcome these limitations, we propose a double‐wavelet approach that simplifies temporal and spatial covariance structure because wavelet coefficients are approximately uncorrelated under mild regularity conditions. This property allows us to analyze much larger dimensions of spatial and temporal resting‐state fMRI data with reasonable computational burden. Another advantage of our double‐wavelet approach is that it does not require the stationarity assumption. Simulation studies show that our method reduced false positive and false negative rates by properly taking into account spatial and temporal correlations in data. We also demonstrate advantages of our method by using resting‐state fMRI data to study the difference in resting‐state functional connectivity between healthy subjects and patients with major depressive disorder.
Optimal application of fluid viscous dampers in tall buildings incorporating integrated damping systems
Authors: Martinez‐Paneda Miguel , Elghazouli Ahmed Y. 
Published: October 2021

SummaryThis paper examines the detailed performance of an integrated damping system (IDS) approach which was recently introduced to provide large damping levels by enabling two parts of a building to move independently through a parallel arrangement of springs and fluid viscous dampers. Extensive assessments into the characteristics and distribution of constituent dampers are illustrated through the dynamic response of a typical 300‐m central‐core building. Besides examining the system performance under typical wind conditions and selected seismic excitations, five damper placement methods are assessed for various linear and nonlinear damper exponents. It is shown that intermediate exponents provide the best overall response. However, when the design targets a particular damping, deformation or acceleration related performance parameter, specific combinations of damper exponent and distribution can result in an optimal application. Most importantly, due to the underlying IDS nature, which acts as an inherent large‐mass damper, the findings show that the overall performance is not highly sensitive to the damper placement and does not necessitate the use of an advanced distribution. While specific placements can be adopted to refine targeted performance aspects where necessary, simple and practical uniform or stiffness proportional arrangements can be consistently employed with the IDS to provide a highly effective solution.
Acute appendicitis in an elderly patient treated with choyoto in combination with conservative antibiotic therapy
Authors: Irie Yasuhito , Nara Tasuku , Satoh Kasumi , Kameyama Koumei , Kitamura Toshiharu , Okuyama Manabu , Nakae Hajime 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTCaseA male patient in his 70s was brought to the hospital with as chief complaint fever and difficulty in moving. Abdominal computed tomography revealed early acute appendicitis with fecaliths, and conservative treatment with antibiotics was started. On day 4, the patient started taking choyoto.OutcomeAlthough his symptoms did not exacerbate, contrast‐enhanced computed tomography showed that the lumen of the appendix remained slightly enlarged, suggesting an appendiceal tumor. The patient refused further examination and was discharged on day 34 while continuing as an outpatient.ConclusionConservative treatment without surgery for acute appendicitis is risky in the elderly because of the possibility of a malignancy and because the severity of the disease tends to be underestimated. On the other hand, the risk of postoperative complications is high due to comorbidities. Therefore, In order to solve this dilemma, the effectiveness of the combination of Kampo medicines with conservative antibiotic therapy in improving symptoms and preventing recurrence should be verified.
Strains and approaches for genetic crosses in the oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi
Authors: Takayama Yuko 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi is a powerful lipid producer with great industrial potential. Recent studies have reported the isolation of mutant L. starkeyi cells with higher lipid producing capacity. Although genetic engineering strategies have been applied to L. starkeyi, classical genetic approaches are lacking. The development of tools that facilitate genetic crosses in L. starkeyi would not only make it possible to build improved lipid‐producing strains but also facilitate molecular biological analysis of this species. In this study, I report a set of strains and approaches useful for performing genetic crosses with L. starkeyi. The homothallic L. starkeyi reportedly forms an ascus containing two to 20 spores. These spores were resistant to glusulase and could be dissected using a micromanipulator, suggesting that random spore and tetrad (spore dissection) analysis can be adapted for L. starkeyi. Additionally, to isolate a pair of heterothallic strains useful for genetic crosses, the homothallic strain was exposed to UV irradiation, and 10 self‐sterile strains were crossed with one another. One of these combinations, Ls75 and Ls100, sporulated stably. Moreover, to detect genetic recombination, I introduced a different drug resistance marker into each strain and crossed them. The resulting progeny exhibited Mendelian segregation of the resistance markers. Altogether, the work reported here provides a powerful resource for genetic analysis in L. starkeyi.
Innovatives SARS-CoV-2-Krisenmanagement im öffentlichen Gesundheitswesen: Corona-Dashboard und Abwasserfrühwarnsystem am Beispiel Berchtesgadener Land
Authors: Roßmann Katalyn , Großmann Gerd , Frangoulidis Dimitrios , Clasen Rüttger , Münch Manuel , Hasenknopf Manfred , Wurzbacher Christian , Tiehm Andreas , Stange Claudia , Ho Johannes , Woermann Marion , Drewes Jörg E. 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungHintergrundEine infektiologische Krisensituation wie die SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie stellte die Verwaltungsstrukturen des öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes vor erhebliche Herausforderungen, die abhängig von der personellen und digitalen Ausstattung in einer unterschiedlichen Effizienz des Ausbruchsmanagements resultierten. Die Einbindung von innovativen Instrumenten der Pandemiebekämpfung, wie Clusternachverfolgung, Risikogruppentestungen oder wie z. B. die von der EU-Kommission empfohlene Einbindung des Abwassermonitorings, wurde dadurch maßgeblich erschwert.ZielIn dieser Fallstudie im Berchtesgadener Land stellen wir die Einbindung eines flächendeckenden georeferenzierten Abwassermonitorings vor, das seit Nov. 2020 95 % der gesamten Bevölkerung erfasst.MethodenFür eine flächendeckende Erfassung erfolgte die Probennahme an 2 Tagen pro Woche an 9 kommunalen Kläranlagen und zusätzlich direkt aus der Kanalisation an 3 Standorten. Die Abwasserproben wurden direkt mittels Zentrifugation zur Feststoffabtrennung aufbereitet und über eine digitale Droplet Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR) 4 spezifische Gene von SARS-CoV‑2 erfasst und quantifiziert.ErgebnisseDie Einbindung des georeferenzierten Abwassermonitorings war erfolgreich. Die Abwasserbefunde werden für jede Gemeinde mit den Inzidenzen pro 100.000 Einwohnern dargestellt. Änderungen im Infektionsgeschehen sind 10 Tage vor den offiziellen Fallzahlen mit einer Sensitivität von ca. 20 pro 100.000 Einwohner erkennbar.DiskussionDie Integration dieser innovativen Ansätze in eine umfassende Lageführung mittels eines digitalen Dashboards und der Etablierung eines Frühwarnsystems anhand eines quantitativen Abwassermonitorings resultierte im Landkreis Berchtesgadener Land in einem sehr effizienten, proaktiven Krisenmanagement. Dieses kann als Blaupause für andere Kommunen in Deutschland dienen.
Influence of axial limb rotation on radiographic lower limb alignment: a systematic review
Authors: Ahrend Marc-Daniel , Baumgartner Heiko , Ihle Christoph , Histing Tina , Schröter Steffen , Finger Felix 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction
The influence of limb malrotation on long-leg radiographs (LLR) is frequently discussed in literature. This systematic review aimed to describe the influence of limb rotation on alignment measurements alone and in combination with knee flexion, and determine its clinical impact.

Materials and methods
A literature search was conducted in June 2021 using the databases MEDLINE, Cochrane, Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), and Embase. The search term ((radiograph OR X-ray) AND (position OR rotation) AND limb alignment) was used. Database query, record screening, and study inclusion and exclusion were performed by two reviewers independently. Experimental studies (using either specimens or synthetic bones) or clinical studies (prospective or retrospective using radiographs of patients) analyzing the influence of limb rotation on anatomic and mechanical limb alignment measurements were included. Characteristics and results of the included studies were summarized, simplified, and grouped for comparison to answer the research question. Studies were compared descriptively, and no meta-analysis was performed.

Results
A total of 22 studies were included showing large heterogeneity, comprising studies with cadavers, patients, and synthetic bones. Most studies (7 out of 8) reported that external rotation (ER) causes less apparent valgus and leads to more varus and internal rotation (IR) causes more valgus and leads to less varus. However, there is no consensus on the extent of rotation influencing alignment measures. Studies reported about an average change of > 2° (n = 4) and < 2° (n = 4) hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA) between 15°IR and 15°ER. There is a consensus that the impact of rotation on mechanical alignment is higher if additional sagittal knee angulation, such as knee flexion, is present. All five studies analyzing the influence of rotation combined with knee flexion (5°–15°) showed an HKA change of > 2° between 15°IR and 15°ER.

Conclusion
Malrotation is frequently present on LLR, possibly influencing the measured alignment especially in knees with extension deficit. Surgeons must consider this when measuring and treating deformities (high tibial osteotomy or total knee arthroplasties), and analyzing surgical outcomes. Especially in patients with osteoarthritis with knee extension deficits or postoperative swelling, the effect of malrotation is significantly greater.
Impfbereitschaft von Eltern mit einem COVID-19-Vakzin
Authors: Altenbuchner Amelie , Haug Sonja , Schnell Rainer , Scharf Anna , Weber Karsten 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungHintergrund. Eltern stehen im Rahmen der eigenen Impfung und der Kinderimpfung mit einem COVID-19-Vakzin vor einer Impfentscheidung. Zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt gibt es keine (vollständige) Impfempfehlung.Fragestellung. Die Studie untersucht die Impfbereitschaft von Eltern minderjähriger Kinder und Personen ohne minderjährige Kinder, wobei insbesondere Geschlechtsunterschiede überprüft werden.Methoden. Die Studie basiert auf einer Zufallsstichprobe (Telefon-Survey, n = 2014, Erhebung zwischen 12.11.2020 und 10.12.2020). Die Auswertung stützt sich insbesondere auf die Teilstichprobe von Personen mit minderjährigen Kindern im Haushalt (n = 461).Ergebnisse. Eltern weisen durchgängig eine geringere Impfbereitschaft mit einem COVID-19-Vakzin auf als Befragte ohne minderjährige Kinder (54,1 % vs. 71,1 %). Väter weisen eine stärker ausgeprägte eigene Impfbereitschaft auf als Mütter. Darüber hinaus sind Männer eher als Frauen bereit, das eigene Kind mit einem COVID-19-Vakzin impfen zu lassen.Schlussfolgerungen. Bei Eltern und insbesondere Müttern ist eine erhebliche Fehleinschätzung von Impfrisiken und häufiger Glaube an Impfverschwörungstheorien zu beobachten. Empfohlen werden anschauliche und leicht verständliche Informationen über die Wirkung und Nebenwirkungen der Impfung mit einem COVID-19-Vakzin durch zuständige Institutionen und Ärzte.
Non-equilibrium ionisation plasmas in the interstellar medium
Authors: Breitschwerdt Dieter , de Avillez Miguel A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObtaining astrophysical information from diffuse cool, warm and hot plasmas in interstellar and intergalactic media by electromagnetic radiation is based on highly non-linear heating and cooling processes, which are largely determined by atomic physical time scales and reaction rates. To calculate spectra is further complicated by gas dynamical interactions and processes, such as e.g. shock waves, fast adiabatic expansion and catastrophic cooling. In essence this leads to a non-linear coupling between atomic physics and hydro- or magnetohydrodynamics, which renders radiative cooling to become time- and space-dependent, contrary to the often conveniently used assumption of collisional ionisation equilibrium for optically thin plasmas. Computing power and new algorithms for high performance computing have made it possible to trace the dynamical and thermal evolution of a sufficiently large section of interstellar space over an appreciable time scale to derive characteristic quantities like temperature and density distribution as well as spectra, which can be compared to X-ray, UV and optical observations. In this review we describe diffuse interstellar plasma simulations, the physical processes which drive the temporal and spatial evolution, and present high resolution numerical simulations, including time-dependent cooling, which further our understanding of the state and evolution of interstellar (magnetised) plasmas. We also discuss briefly the rôle of cosmic rays and their interaction with the plasma.
The Rise and Fading Away of Charisma. Leadership Transition and Managerial Ethics in the Post-Soviet Media Holdings
Authors: Tokbaeva Dinara 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper examines post-communist managerial ethics during the emergence and transition of charismatic leadership in two privately owned media holdings in Russia and Kyrgyzstan. These media holdings were bootstrapped in the 1990s and 2000s by people without management experience and connections. This paper argues that Weberian charismatic leadership was a necessary leadership style to start a private business for people without links to elite networks. However, once firms establish themselves on the market, charisma fades and yields itself to a legal-rational leadership style. In particular, the paper compares and contrasts the managerial ethics issues arising from the loyalty-based leader–follower relations in the charismatic leadership phase and the legal-rational phase of a firm’s development and maturation. While the legal-rational phase brings positive changes to workload management and employees’ rights for vacation and p/maternity leave, task delegation remains an unsolved issue. Ambiguous career advancement criteria of the legal-rational phase replace rapid career progression of junior and middle managers during the charismatic phase. By examining the dynamics of managerial ethics transformation, this study adds to the literature on post-communist leadership, management and governance. Recommendations are provided for privately owned firms on how to advance managerial ethics to attract and retain qualified talent.