bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT SKIZOFRENIA DENGAN FORWARD CHAINING DAN BAYESIAN NETWORK
Authors: Salam Abu 
Published: July 2021

Skizofrenia merupakan gangguan kesehatan jiwa yang menjadi permasalahan masyarakat yang sangat penting serta harus memperoleh perhatian dari pemerintah. Berdasarkan hasil dari Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RisKesDas) pada tahun 2013 di negara Indonesia terdapat 1,7 dari 1000 warga atau kurang lebih 400.000 orang yang menderita penyakit Skizofrenia. Kurang meratanya tenaga kesehatan di bidang kejiwaan memperburuk penanganan yang seharusnya dapat segera dilakukan. Sistem pakar merupakan jawaban yang tepat untuk permasalahan tersebut karena sistem pakar adalah suatu sistem yang dirancang untuk dapat menirukan keahlian seorang pakar atau ahli dalam menjawab pertanyaan dan memecahkan suatu masalah berdasarkan gejala yang diidap oleh pasien. Sistem pakar ini menggunakan metode forward chaining untuk mendapatkan sebuah kesimpulan dari gejala-gejala skizofrenia yang dimiliki oleh pasien dan bayesian network untuk menghitung seberapa akurat suatu sistem pakar tersebut mengidentifikasi suatu masalah. Sistem ini dibangun menggunkan web dengan bahasa pemrogaman PHP serta databsae MySQL untuk menyimpan data skizofrenia. Proses pengujian fungsionalitas sistem pakar ini berjalan dengan baik serta tingkat akurasi tiap-tiap gejala mendapatkan hasil diatas 80%.
Autologous Platelet- and Extracellular Vesicle-Rich Plasma Is an Effective Treatment Modality for Chronic Postoperative Temporal Bone Cavity Inflammation: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Vozel Domen , Božič Darja , Jeran Marko , Jan Zala , Pajnič Manca , Pađen Ljubiša , Steiner Nejc , Kralj-Iglič Veronika , Battelino Saba 
Published: July 2021

PurposeTo determine the efficacy of autologous platelet- and extracellular vesicle-rich plasma (PVRP) to treat chronic postoperative temporal bone cavity inflammation (CPTBCI) after exhausting surgical and standard conservative therapies.Materials and MethodsPatients were randomly allocated to treatment with PVRP (PVRP group) or standard conservative methods (control group) in a setting of four once-monthly checkups and subsequent follow-up. The treatment outcome was measured with the Chronic Otitis Media Questionnaire-12 (COMQ-12), CPTBCI focus surface area, and CPTBCI symptom-free time after the fourth checkup.ResultsEleven patients from each group completed the trial; 95% of patients suffered from chronically discharging mastoid cavity (the type of CPTBCI). Within four checkups, the COMQ-12 score decreased statistically significantly in the PVRP group (p&lt; 0.001) but not in the control group (p= 0.339). The CPTBCI foci surface area decreased statistically significantly between the first and second checkups (p&lt; 0.0005) but not between other checkups (p&gt; 0.05) in the PVRP group. No statistically significant differences in CPTBCI foci surface area were detected between checkups in the control group (p= 0.152). Nine patients from the PVRP group and three patients from the control group were CPTBCI symptom-free at the fourth checkup. The median symptom-free time was 9.2 months (95% CI [7.4, 11.9]) in the PVRP group. Cumulatively, 49% of patients in the PVRP group remained CPTBCI symptom-free for 12.7 months after the fourth checkup.ConclusionAutologous PVRP represents a novel additional and successful treatment modality for a chronically discharging radical mastoid cavity when the surgical and standard conservative treatment methods have been exhausted.Trial Numberhttps://clinicaltrials.gov(NCT04281901).
Exosomes From miR-19b-3p-Modified ADSCs Inhibit Ferroptosis in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Mice
Authors: Yi Xia , Tang Xiangqi 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: Effective treatments for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are limited until now. Ferroptosis, a novel form of iron-dependent cell death, is implicated in neurodegeneration diseases. Here, we attempted to investigate the impact of exosomes from miR-19b-3p-modified adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on ferroptosis in ICH.Methods: Collagenase was used to induce a mouse model of ICH and hemin was used to induce ferroptosis in cultured neurons. Exosomes were isolated from mimic NC- or miR-19b-3p mimic-transfected ADSCs (ADSCs-MNC-Exos or ADSCs-19bM-Exos, respectively) and then administered to ICH mice or hemin-treated neurons. ICH damage was evaluated by assessing the neurological function of ICH mice and cell viability of neurons. Ferroptosis was evaluated in mouse brains or cultured neurons. The interaction between miR-19b-3p and iron regulatory protein 2 (IRP2) 3′-UTR was analyzed by performing luciferase reporter assay.Results: Ferroptosis occurred in ICH mice, which also exhibited decreased miR-19b-3p and increased IRP2 expression. IRP2 was a direct target of miR-19b-3p, and IRP2 expression was repressed by ADSCs-19bM-Exos. Importantly, ADSCs-19bM-Exos effectively attenuated hemin-induced cell injury and ferroptosis. Moreover, ADSCs-19bM-Exos administration significantly improved neurologic function and inhibited ferroptosis in ICH mice.Conclusion: Exosomes from miR-19b-3p-modified ADSCs inhibit ferroptosis in ICH mice.
Cavity-Containing [Fe2L3]4+ Helicates: An Examination of Host-Guest Chemistry and Cytotoxicity
Authors: Lisboa Lynn S. , Riisom Mie , Vasdev Roan A. S. , Jamieson Stephen M. F. , Wright L. James , Hartinger Christian G. , Crowley James D. 
Published: July 2021

Two new di(2,2′-bipyridine) ligands, 2,6-bis([2,2′-bipyridin]-5-ylethynyl)pyridine (L1) and bis(4-([2,2′-bipyridin]-5-ylethynyl)phenyl)methane (L2) were synthesized and used to generate two metallosupramolecular [Fe2(L)3](BF4)4 cylinders. The ligands and cylinders were characterized using elemental analysis, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, UV-vis, 1H-, 13C and DOSY nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. The molecular structures of the [Fe2(L)3](BF4)4 cylinders were confirmed using X-ray crystallography. Both the [Fe2(L1)3](BF4)4 and [Fe2(L2)3](BF4)4 complexes crystallized as racemic (rac) mixtures of the ΔΔ (P) and ΛΛ (M) helicates. However, 1H NMR spectra showed that in solution the larger [Fe2(L2)3](BF4)4 was a mixture of the rac-ΔΔ/ΛΛ and meso-ΔΛ isomers. The host-guest chemistry of the helicates, which both feature a central cavity, was examined with several small drug molecules. However, none of the potential guests were found to bind within the helicates. In vitro cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that both helicates were active against four cancer cell lines. The smaller [Fe2(L1)3](BF4)4 system displayed low μM activity against the HCT116 (IC50 = 7.1 ± 0.5 μM) and NCI-H460 (IC50 = 4.9 ± 0.4 μM) cancer cells. While the antiproliferative effects against all the cell lines examined were less than the well-known anticancer drug cisplatin, their modes of action would be expected to be very different.
The Expression Patterns and Roles of Lysyl Oxidases in Aortic Dissection
Authors: Yi Xin , Zhou Yi , Chen Yue , Feng Xin , Liu Chang , Jiang Ding-Sheng , Geng Jing , Li Xiaoyan , Jiang Xuejun , Fang Ze-Min 
Published: July 2021

Background: Lysyl oxidases (LOXs), including LOX, LOXL1, LOXL2, LOXL3, and LOXL4, catalyze the formation of a cross-link between elastin (ELN) and collagen. Multiple LOX mutations have been shown to be associated with the occurrence of aortic dissection (AD) in humans, and LOX-knockout mice died during the perinatal period due to aortic aneurysm and rupture. However, the expression levels and roles of other LOX members in AD remain unknown.Methods: A total of 33 aorta samples of AD and 15 normal aorta were collected for LOXs mRNA and protein levels detection. We also analyzed the datasets of AD in GEO database through bioinformatics methods. LOXL2 and LOXL3 were knocked down in primary cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) via lentivirus.Results: Here, we show that the protein levels of LOXL2 and LOXL3 are upregulated, while LOXL4 is downregulated in AD subjects compared with non-AD subjects, but comparable protein levels of LOX and LOXL1 are detected. Knockdown of LOXL2 suppressed MMP2 expression, the phosphorylation of AKT (p-AKT) and S6 (p-S6), but increased the mono-, di-, tri-methylation of H3K4 (H3K4me1/2/3), H3K9me3, and p-P38 levels in HASMCs. These results indicate that LOXL2 is involved in regulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in HASMCs. In contrast, LOXL3 knockdown inhibited PCNA and cyclin D1, suppressing HASMC proliferation. Our results suggest that in addition to LOX, LOXL2 and LOXL3 are involved in the pathological process of AD by regulating ECM and the proliferation of HASMCs, respectively. Furthermore, we found that LOXL2 and LOXL4 was inhibited by metformin and losartan in HASMCs, which indicated that LOXL2 and LOXL4 are the potential targets that involved in the therapeutic effects of metformin and losartan on aortic or aneurysm expansion.Conclusions: Thus, differential regulation of LOXs might be a novel strategy to prevent or treat AD.
Orbital and Millennial Variations in Sea Ice in the Southwestern Okhotsk Sea Since the Last Interglacial Period and Their Implications
Authors: Wang Anqi , Yao Zhengquan , Shi Xuefa , Wang Kunshan , Zou Jianjun , Liu Yanguang , Wu Yonghua , Gorbarenko Sergey A. 
Published: July 2021

Sea ice in the Okhotsk Sea plays a significant role in global climate change. However, the history and mechanism of changes in sea ice spanning the last glacial cycle remain controversial. In this study, an 8.8 m core (LV55-40-1) was recovered from the southwestern Okhotsk Sea that contains a continuous sea ice record over the past ∼110 kyr. The sand fraction and dropstones were used as ice-rafted debris proxies to reconstruct the history of sea ice variations over the last ∼110 kyr and to determine the underlying causes on orbital and millennial timescales. Sea ice expansions occurred during MIS 5b, MIS 4, mid-MIS 3, and early MIS 1, which were controlled mainly by decreased autumn insolation on an orbital timescale. Superimposed on the orbital-scale changes, millennial-scale variations in sea ice were also observed, with 19 expansion events that coincided with cold Dansgaard-Oeschger stadials. Millennial scale sea ice variations were most likely controlled by both the Arctic oscillation and the East Asian summer monsoon. During periods of negative Arctic oscillation patterns, decreased air temperatures over the Okhotsk Sea caused more active sea ice formation. Such conditions could have been reinforced, by a reduced influence of warm advection at the surface of the Okhotsk Sea caused by decreased discharge from the Amur River that resulted from a weakened East Asian summer monsoon during cold stadials.
One-Year Follow-Up of Corneal Biomechanical Changes After Accelerated Transepithelial Corneal Cross-Linking in Pediatric Patients With Progressive Keratoconus
Authors: Jian Weijun , Tian Mi , Zhang Xiaoyu , Sun Ling , Shen Yang , Li Meiyan , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: July 2021

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the corneal biomechanical changes and topographic outcomes of accelerated transepithelial corneal cross-linking (ATE-CXL) in pediatric progressive keratoconus.Methods: In this prospective longitudinal study, 31 eyes of 28 pediatric patients with keratoconus (21 boys and 7 girls; mean age, 14.35 ± 2.68 years) undergoing ATE-CXL (epithelium-on procedure with 45 mW/cm2 for 320 s) were included. Corvis ST was used to measure dynamic corneal response parameters at baseline and at 12 month after ATE-CXL. Corneal keratometry and corneal thickness were measured using Pentacam pre-operatively and 1, 6, and 12 month post-operatively.Results: No serious complications occurred during or after ATE-CXL. The maximum keratometry values were 60.10 ± 7.51 D pre-operatively and 61.42 ± 8.92, 61.17 ± 7.96, and 60.02 ± 7.58 D at 1, 6, and 12 month after ATE-CXL (P &gt; 0.05), respectively. Corneal thickness remained stable during the 12-month follow-up (P &gt; 0.05). At post-operative 12 month, first applanation time (P &lt; 0.001), first applanation length (P = 0.004), second applanation velocity (P = 0.014), highest concavity time (P = 0.022), and radius of curvature at highest concavity (P = 0.031) increased significantly. The value of stiffness parameter at first applanation was significantly increased from 57.70 ± 27.57 pre-operatively to 63.36 ± 27.09 at 12 months after ATE-CXL (P = 0.018).Conclusions: ATE-CXL is safe and effective in stabilizing the progression of pediatric keratoconus. Changes in corneal biomechanical response consistent with stiffening following ATE-CXL were observed in pediatric patients with keratoconus.
Risk Potential for Organ Dysfunction Associated With Sodium Bicarbonate Therapy in Critically Ill Patients With Hemodynamic Worsening
Authors: Wang Tiehua , Yi Lingxian , Zhang Hua , Wang Tianhao , Xi Jingjing , Zeng Lin , He Junlin , Zhang Zhongheng , Ma Penglin 
Published: July 2021

Background: The role of sodium bicarbonate therapy (SBT) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate whether hemodynamic status before SBT contributed to the heterogeneous outcomes associated with SBT in acute critically ill patients.Methods: We obtained data from patients with metabolic acidosis from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-III database. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to match the SBT group with the control group. Logistic regression and Cox regression were used to analyze a composite of newly “developed or exacerbated organ dysfunction” (d/eOD) within 7 days of ICU admission and 28-day mortality associated with SBT for metabolic acidosis.Results: A total of 1,765 patients with metabolic acidosis were enrolled, and 332 pairs obtained by PSM were applied to the final analyses in the study. An increased incidence of newly d/eOD was observed in the SB group compared with the control group (54.8 vs. 44.6%, p &lt; 0.01). Multivariable logistic regression indicated that the adjusted OR of SBT for this composite outcome was no longer significant [OR (95% CI): 1.39 (0.9, 1.85); p = 0.164]. This effect of SBT did not change with the quintiles stratified by pH. Interestingly, SBT was associated with an increased risk of the composite of newly d/eOD in the subgroup of patients with worsening hemodynamics before SBT [adjusted OR (95% CI): 3.6 (1.84, 7.22), p &lt; 0.001]. Moreover, the risk potential for this composite of outcomes was significantly increased in patients characterized by both worsening [adjusted OR (95% CI): 2.91 (1.54, 5.47), p &lt; 0.001] and unchanged hemodynamics [adjusted OR (95% CI): 1.94 (1.01, 3.72), p = 0.046] compared to patients with improved hemodynamics before SBT. Our study failed to demonstrate an association between SBT and 28-day mortality in acute critically ill patients with metabolic acidosis.Conclusions: Our findings did not demonstrate an association between SBT and outcomes in critically ill patients with metabolic acidosis. However, patients with either worsening or unchanged hemodynamic status in initial resuscitation had a significantly higher risk potential of newly d/eOD subsequent to SBT.
Effects of Roxadustat on the Anemia and Iron Metabolism of Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Hirai Keiji , Nonaka Hiroaki , Ueda Moeka , Morino Junki , Kaneko Shohei , Minato Saori , Mutsuyoshi Yuko , Yanai Katsunori , Ishii Hiroki , Matsuyama Momoko , Kitano Taisuke , Aomatsu Akinori , Miyazawa Haruhisa , Ito Kiyonori , Ueda Yuichiro , Ookawara Susumu , Morishita Yoshiyuki 
Published: July 2021

Background: We investigated the effects of roxadustat on the anemia, iron metabolism, peritoneal membrane function, and residual renal function; and determined the factors associated with the administration of roxadustat in patients who were undergoing peritoneal dialysis.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the changes in hemoglobin, serum ferritin, transferrin saturation (TSAT), 4-h dialysate/plasma creatinine, and renal weekly urea clearance over the 24 weeks following the change from an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) to roxadustat in 16 patients who were undergoing peritoneal dialysis and had anemia (Roxadustat group). Twenty-three peritoneal dialysis patients who had anemia and continued ESA served as a control group (ESA group).Results: There were no significant differences in hemoglobin, serum ferritin, TSAT, 4-h dialysate/plasma creatinine, or renal weekly urea clearance between the two groups at baseline. The hemoglobin concentration was significantly higher in the Roxadustat group than in the ESA group after 24 weeks (11.6 ± 1.0 g/dL vs. 10.3 ± 1.1 g/dL, p &lt; 0.05), whereas the ferritin concentration and TSAT were significantly lower (139.5 ± 102.0 ng/mL vs. 209.2 ± 113.1 ng/mL, p &lt; 0.05; and 28.1 ± 11.5% vs. 44.8 ± 10.4%, p &lt; 0.05, respectively). The changes in 4-h dialysate/plasma creatinine and renal weekly urea clearance did not differ between the two groups. Linear regression analysis revealed that the serum potassium concentration correlated with the dose of roxadustat at 24 weeks (standard coefficient = 0.580, p = 0.019).Conclusion: Roxadustat may improve the anemia and reduce the serum ferritin and TSAT of the peritoneal dialysis patients after they were switched from an ESA, without association with peritoneal membrane function or residual renal function.
Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Vaccines in Chinese Adolescents
Authors: Cai Hong , Bai Wei , Liu Shou , Liu Huanzhong , Chen Xu , Qi Han , Liu Rui , Cheung Teris , Su Zhaohui , Ng Chee H. , Xiang Yu-Tao 
Published: July 2021

Background: As COVID-19 vaccination programs are being implemented widely, it is important to examine the attitudes of adolescents toward the COVID-19 vaccine and its uptake. The aim of this study was to examine the acceptance of and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines, and their associated factors among adolescents in China.Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted between November 27, 2020 and March 12, 2021 using snowball sampling method. Basic sociodemographic characteristics, health-related information, severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and attitudes and behavior toward COVID-19 vaccines were assessed.Results: Overall, 1,057 adolescents participated in this study, yielding a response rate of 89.3%. There were 799 (75.59%) [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 73.00–78.18%] adolescents who would accept future COVID-19 vaccination. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that adolescents who previously heard about COVID-19 vaccines (P = 0.001, odds ratio (OR) = 1.90, 95%CI:1.32–2.74), who thought that COVID-19 vaccines could protect them from COVID-19 infection (P = 0.002, OR = 2.93, 95%CI: 1.49–5.70), and those who encouraged their family members and friends to get vaccinated (P &lt; 0.001, OR = 12.19, 95%CI: 6.78–21.92) and who believed that vaccines are safe (P = 0.012, OR = 3.94, 95%CI: 1.36–11.44) were more likely to accept future COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, younger adolescents (P = 0.003, OR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.89–0.98) were more likely to accept future COVID-19 vaccines than older adolescents.Conclusions: In conclusion, Chinese adolescents appeared to have positive attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines. It is important to increase public confidence and knowledge regarding the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines to maximize the success of vaccination programs.
Breaking Therapeutic Inertia With Alirocumab in an 80-Year-Old Patient With Severe Hypercholesterolemia: A Case Report
Authors: Dardano Angela , Daniele Giuseppe , Penno Giuseppe , Miccoli Roberto , Del Prato Stefano 
Published: July 2021

Background: Therapeutic inertia, defined as the failure to initiate or intensify therapy in a timely manner as per evidence-based clinical guidelines, is an important barrier limiting optimal care in the elderly. Therefore, overcoming therapeutic inertia is the core challenge when dealing with geriatric patients.Case Description: The patient was an 80-year-old man that attended our Outpatient Lipid Clinic (Pisa University Hospital) because of persistent high LDL cholesterol (LDLc) levels in a setting of a statin contraindication. He underwent five percutaneous coronary angioplasties with drug-eluting stents. In 2014, upon starting treatment with rosuvastatin for LDLc level of 7.59 mmol/L, the patient was admitted to the Emergency Room for a presumptive diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis (creatine kinase 6685 U/L) secondary to statin. Patient developed acute kidney injury treated with dialysis. After resolution, he was discharged with ezetimibe (10 mg daily). This treatment however failed to effectively reduce LDLc levels that ranged between 5.9 and 6.6 mmol/L for the ensuing 4-years. In 2018, at the time of our evaluation, in consideration of the age, we performed a comprehensive geriatric assessment that showed good functional and mental status supporting a reliable treatment with a proprotein convertase subtilisin–kexin type 9 inhibitor. Therefore, alirocumab was prescribed as add-on to ezetimibe. At 24-month follow-up, the geriatric assessment showed no significant changes, and alirocumab was well-tolerated. LDLc was 82% lower as compared to baseline values (from 6.6 to 1.2 mmol/L).Conclusions: This report describes a case of therapeutic inertia despite a very high-risk profile. It is also instrumental in highlightening that appropriate intensification of therapy in an elderly patient at high cardiovascular risk, by means of a patient-centered approach, may allow reaching therapeutic targets and overcoming the condition of therapeutic inertia.