bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Alveolar Macrophage Dysfunction Using an in vitro Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Mahida Rahul Y. , Scott Aaron , Parekh Dhruv , Lugg Sebastian T. , Belchamber Kylie B. R. , Hardy Rowan S. , Matthay Michael A. , Naidu Babu , Thickett David R. 
Published: September 2021

Background: Impaired alveolar macrophage (AM) efferocytosis may contribute to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) pathogenesis; however, studies are limited by the difficulty in obtaining primary AMs from patients with ARDS. Our objective was to determine whether an in vitro model of ARDS can recapitulate the same AM functional defect observed in vivo and be used to further investigate pathophysiological mechanisms.Methods: AMs were isolated from the lung tissue of patients undergoing lobectomy and then treated with pooled bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid previously collected from patients with ARDS. AM phenotype and effector functions (efferocytosis and phagocytosis) were assessed by flow cytometry. Rac1 gene expression was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR.Results: ARDS BAL treatment of AMs decreased efferocytosis (p = 0.0006) and Rac1 gene expression (p = 0.016); however, bacterial phagocytosis was preserved. Expression of AM efferocytosis receptors MerTK (p = 0.015) and CD206 (p = 0.006) increased, whereas expression of the antiefferocytosis receptor SIRPα decreased following ARDS BAL treatment (p = 0.036). Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibition partially restored AM efferocytosis in an in vitro model of ARDS (p = 0.009).Conclusions: Treatment of lung resection tissue AMs with ARDS BAL fluid induces impairment in efferocytosis similar to that observed in patients with ARDS. However, AM phagocytosis is preserved following ARDS BAL treatment. This specific impairment in AM efferocytosis can be partially restored by inhibition of ROCK. This in vitro model of ARDS is a useful tool to investigate the mechanisms by which the inflammatory alveolar microenvironment of ARDS induces AM dysfunction.
Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 From Cerebrospinal Fluid in Sleep Disorders Related to Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Mo Mingshu , Tang Yuting , Wei Lijian , Qiu Jiewen , Peng Guoyou , Lin Yuwan , Zhou Miaomiao , Dai Wei , Zhang Zhiling , Chen Xiang , Liu Hanqun , Ding Liuyan , Ye Panghai , Wu Yijuan , Zhu Xiaoqin , Wu Zhuohua , Guo Wenyuan , Xu Pingyi 
Published: September 2021

Background: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a microglial receptor exclusively expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). It contributes to abnormal protein aggregation in neurodegenerative disorders, but its role in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is still unclear.Methods: In this case-control study, we measured the concentration of the soluble fragment of TREM2 (sTREM2) in PD patients, evaluated their sleep conditions by the PD sleep scale (PDSS), and analyzed the relationship between sTREM2 and PD symptoms.Results: We recruited 80 sporadic PD patients and 65 healthy controls without disease-related variants in TREM2. The concentration of sTREM2 in the CSF was significantly higher in PD patients than in healthy controls (p &lt; 0.01). In the PD group, the concentration of sTREM2 had a positive correlation with α-syn in the CSF (Pearson r = 0.248, p = 0.027). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses showed that sTREM2 in the CSF had a significant diagnostic value for PD (AUC, 0.791; 95% CI, 0.711–0.871, p &lt; 0.05). The subgroup analysis showed that PD patients with sleep disorders had a significantly higher concentration of sTREM2 in their CSF (p &lt; 0.01). The concentration of sTREM2 in the CSF had a negative correlation with the PDSS score in PD patients (Pearson r = −0.555, p &lt; 0.01). The ROC analyses showed that sTREM2 in the CSF had a significant diagnostic value for sleep disorders in PD (AUC, 0.733; 95% CI, 0.619–0.846, p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that CSF sTREM2 may be a potential biomarker for PD and it could help predict sleep disorders in PD patients, but multicenter prospective studies with more participants are still needed to confirm its diagnostic value in future.
Direct Comparison Between the Addition of Pembrolizumab or Bevacizumab for Chemotherapy-Based First-Line Treatment of Advanced Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Lacking Driver Mutations
Authors: Liao Jiatao , Liu Chang , Long Qianqian , Wu Xianghua , Wang Huijie , Yu Hui , Sun Si , Zhang Yao , Lin Ying , Zhao Xinmin , Wang Jialei 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundThe addition of bevacizumab or pembrolizumab to pemetrexed-platinum chemotherapy has produced significant clinical benefits to patients with untreated, advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lacking targetable genetic aberrations. However, the direct comparison between these two first-line treatments needs to be investigated.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated the medical records of 102 patients with stage IIIB~IV non-squamous NSCLC, and without sensitizing EGFR/ALK/ROS1 alterations. All patients received pembrolizumab or bevacizumab plus pemetrexed-platinum chemotherapy as the first-line treatment between December 2018 to April 2021 at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Assessments included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs). We also evaluated the prognostic biomarkers in the overall population and explored potential predictive biomarkers to aid the selection of optimal treatment regimens.ResultsThe median PFS was 10.0 months in the pembrolizumab group and 9.2 months in bevacizumab group (HR = 1.006; P = 0.982), while the median OS was not reached in either group (HR= 1.193; P =0.714). ORR was 36.7% versus 43.4% (P = 0.548) and DCR was 89.8% versus 92.5% (P = 0.735) in the pembrolizumab and bevacizumab groups, respectively. In the overall study population, baseline lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) &gt;1.95 (HR = 0.312, P &lt; 0.001) was an indicator of longer PFS. The presence of baseline bone metastasis (HR = 4.107, P = 0.009), baseline lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) &gt;300 U/L (HR = 4.300, P = 0.025) and LMR ≤1.95 (HR = 5.291, P = 0.039) were associated with inferior OS. Baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≤3.10 was predictive of significantly favorable OS in the bevacizumab combination treatment (HR = 5.073, P = 0.039). The safety profiles were generally comparable between the two groups.ConclusionsIn patients with chemotherapy-naive, advanced, non-squamous NSCLC who lack driver mutations, the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab and bevacizumab when combined with pemetrexed-platinum were comparable. For patients with baseline NLR ≤3.10, the bevacizumab combination therapy elicited significantly better OS benefits.
Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 11 Is a Prognostic Biomarker of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Lin , Wang Peng , Zhang Wei , Li Weiran , Liu Tao , Che Xu 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundCholangiocarcinoma (CCA), including intrahepatic (iCCA), perihilar (pCCA), and distal (dCCA) CCA, is a highly aggressive malignancy originating from bile duct. The prognosis of CCA is very poor, and the biomarker study is unsatisfactory compared with other common cancers.Materials and methodsIn our study, we investigated the expression of dual-specificity phosphatase 11(DUSP11) in eight pairs of iCCAs, pCCAs, and dCCAs, and their corresponding tumor-adjacent tissues, as well as their tumor-adjacent tissues with qPCR. Moreover, we investigated the expression of DUSP11 in 174 cases of CCAs with immunohistochemistry, including 74 iCCAs, 64 pCCAs, and 36 dCCAs. We classified these patients into subsets with low and high expressions of DUSP11, and evaluated the correlations between the DUSP11 subsets and clinicopathological factors. With univariate and multivariate analyses, we assessed the correlation between DUSP11 and the overall survival (OS) rates in these CCA patients.ResultsIn all the CCA subtypes, DUSP11 was elevated in CCAs compared with their paired adjacent tissues. In iCCA, pCCA, and dCCA, the percentages of DUSP11 high expression were 44.59%, 53.85%, and 55.56%, respectively. In iCCA, high DUSP11 expression was significantly associated with an advanced T stage and a poor prognosis. However, the prognostic value of DUSP11 in pCCA and dCCA was not significant. To decrease the statistical error caused by the small sample size of the dCCA cohort, we merged pCCA and dCCA into extracellular CCA (eCCA). In the 101 cases of eCCA, DUSP11 expression was also not significantly associated with the prognosis.ConclusionsDUSP11 expression was associated with tumor infiltration and the OS rate in iCCA, but not in pCCA and dCCA. DUSP11 was an independent biomarker of iCCA indicating a poor prognosis. Our results suggested that a high expression of DUSP11 was a post-operational risk factor, and detecting DUSP11 could guide the individual treatment for patients with CCA.
Safety of Cyproheptadine, an Orexigenic Drug. Analysis of the French National Pharmacovigilance Data-Base and Systematic Review
Authors: Bertrand Valérie , Massy Nathalie , Vegas Nancy , Gras Valérie , Chalouhi Christel , Tavolacci Marie-Pierre , Abadie Véronique 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Cyproheptadine is a first-generation H1-antihistamine drug first that was distributed in the 1960s. While its orexigenic effect was observed early, cyproheptadine is not yet authorized for this indication in all countries today. There is an increasing medical interest and demand for the orexigenic effect of cyproheptadine, especially in children with poor appetite. As cyproheptadine might be evaluated in future clinical trials, we wanted to assess its safety profile.Methods: Using the French national pharmacovigilance database, we retrospectively analyzed all pediatric and adult reports of adverse effects of cyproheptadine recorded since its first distribution in France. Next, we performed a systematic review of the literature of cyproheptadine adverse effects.Results: Since 1985, 93 adverse effects were reported in the French pharmacovigilance database (adults 81.7%, children 18.3%); these were mainly neurological symptoms (n = 38, adults 71%, children 28.9%), and hepatic complications (n = 15, adults 86.7%, children 13.3%). In the literature, the most frequent adverse effect reported was drowsiness in adults or children, and five case reports noted liver complications in adults. We estimated the frequency of hepatic adverse effects at 0.27 to 1.4/1000, regardless of age.Conclusion: Cyproheptadine can be considered a safe drug. Mild neurological effects appear to be frequent, and hepatotoxicity is uncommon to rare. Randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cyproheptadine before authorization for appetite stimulation, especially in young children as studies at this age are lacking. Possible hepatic complications should be monitored, as very rare cases of liver failure have been reported.
Recommendations on Postoperative Activities After Abdominal Operations and Incisional Hernia Repair—A National and International Survey
Authors: Schaaf Sebastian , Schwab Robert , Güsgen Christoph , Vilz Tim O. , Willms Arnulf 
Published: September 2021

Background: There is no conclusive data on postoperative recommendations after abdominal and hernia surgery, and there is significant variation in the literature on that question. Thus, this study evaluates the status quo of recommendations of postoperative activity restriction after abdominal surgery.Materials and Methods: A national (German) and international survey of general surgeons on postoperative recommendations after abdominal and hernia surgery was pooled and analyzed.Results: A total of 74.6% recommended postoperative reduced activity for 2 weeks or less after laparoscopy. For midline laparotomy, 48.8% considered a reduced activity of 4 weeks or less to be sufficient. A majority from the national survey recommended more than 4 weeks instead (60.2%), whereas only 31.5% from the international survey did so (p = 0.000). In the pooled analysis, 258 of 450 (57.3%) rated 4 weeks or less suitable. However, the recommendations differed significantly between the surveys (4 weeks or less: a national survey, 47.1% vs. international survey, 64.6%; p = 0.000).Conclusion: There was substantial variation in the given recommendations. However, we found no evidence against immediate mobilization, reduced physical activity, and lifting for up to 2 weeks after laparoscopic surgery and for up to 4 weeks after open abdominal surgery and open incisional/ventral hernia repair in uncomplicated and standard cases. There might be individual and socioeconomic benefits to allow patients to return to their whole personal level of activity and work without putting them at risk of complications. Due to lack of evidence, both retrospective and prospective, controlled studies are in need to develop reliable recommendations.
STEAM education- metacognition – Specific Learning Disabilities
Authors: Lytra Niki , Drigas Athanasios 
Published: September 2021

Students with Specific Learning Disabilities, tend to have low academic performance because of the cognitive disorders and deficits of their working memory, as well as executing fuctions like these of processing - organizing and recalling information. Development of the Metacognitive skills, like those that presented by Drigas & Mitsea (2020), as 8 pillars of Metacognition, such as self-Awareness, self-Monitoring and Self-Regulation, helping these students recognize their weaknesses and introduce strategies and tactics will assist them to compensate their cognitive deficits, by becoming more flexible and adapt to any changes coming up, better. STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics) education involves students in the education process, via a multifaceted and multi-sensory approach of to develop Meta-cognitive Skills, control the way they learn while building up the necessary knowledge, in order to secure equal academic and career opportunities. As a result, their independence and self-esteem being boosted preparing them to come up against 21st century challenges.
ASSESSMENT OF THE ROAD NOISE IMPACT ON THE LIVING CONDITIONS IN URBAN AREAS
Authors: Прожорина Татьяна Ивановна , Куролап Семен Александрович , Боева Анастасия Сергеевна 
Published: September 2021

В современных городах отмечается устойчивый рост автомобильного транспорта, что служит условием формирования акустического дискомфорта и причиной появления некоторых экологически обусловленных заболеваний у населения. Приведено описание методики натурных экспериментов по измерению уровня шума в городской среде в различных условиях. Проведена оценка уровня автотранспортного шума в зависимости от расстояния между первой полосой движения и жилой застройкой. Исследовано влияние шума на условия среды обитания в жилых помещениях при открытых и закрытых створках окон, а также в режиме проветривания в дневное и вечернее время суток. Установлена экспериментальная зависимость эквивалентного уровня автотранспортного шума от этажности жилых зданий.
In modern cities there is a steady growth of road transport, which serves as a condition for formation of the acoustic discomfort that leads to the emergence of some environmentally caused diseases. The article describes the methodology of field experiments for measuring noise level in an urban environment under various conditions. The level of motor vehicle noise was assessed depending on the distance between the first traffic lane and residential buildings. The influence of noise on the living environment conditions in residential premises with open and closed windows, as well as in the mode of ventilation both in the day and evening time. As well we established the experimental dependence of the equivalent level of motor vehicle noise on the number of floors of residential buildings.
A ALMA ENCANTADORA DO BECO OU AS CRÔNICAS DE UM VAGABUNDO: ARTE DRAG, PERFORMANCE E URBANIDADES / Alley’s lovely soul or the chronicles of a tramp: art of drag, performance and urbanities
Authors: Fernandes Fábio de Sousa 
Published: September 2021

Este texto é uma escrita-performance, inspirada metodologicamente na escrita rizomática de Deleuze e Guattari e na proposta de escrita performativa de Peggy Phellan, uma pesquisa-narrativa que se debruça sobre um espetáculo artístico-cultural de rua, em Salvador (Beco da OFF, Barra), protagonizado por uma artista drag queen da cidade de Salvador, Valerie O’rarah: performance propositadamente artificial e encenada, em que se lança um olhar sobre a noite soteropolitana e aqueles que circulam por ruas, becos e vielas, uma urbe cheia de contradições, encantos e conflitos. A persona encarnada como narrador é a do flâneur, vagabundo e errante urbano relido pela poética baudelairiana e experimentada por João do Rio, Walter Benjamin, entre outros. Esse errante urbano se perde pela metrópole, entre os fluxos e devires dos encontros e possibilidades de uma noite imprevisível: por um instante e um descuido, ele se depara e se encanta com o espetáculo e o contempla. O encontro do flâneur com Valerie O’rarah e essa noite quente e arriscada é uma experiência de choque e de alteridade radical, identidades que se fragmentam e se complementam na multidão misteriosa e soturna da cidade de Salvador.Palavras-chave: Performance; Escrita; Urbanidades; Gênero; Arte drag. AbstractThis text is a performance writing, methodologically inspired by the rhizomatic writing of Deleuze and Guattari and Peggy Phellan’s performative writing proposal, a narrative research that focuses on a street artistic-cultural spectacle in Salvador (Beco da OFF, Barra), starring a drag queen artist from the city of Salvador, Valerie O’rarah: performance, therefore, purposely artificial and contrived, it takes a look at the soteropolitan night and those who wander through its streets and alleys, a metropolis full of contradiction, enchantment and conflicts. The persona being incarnated as the narrator is the flâneur, a wandering tramp reread from Baudelairian poetry as experienced by João do Rio, Walter Benjamin, among others. This urban wanderer loses himself in the metropolis amongst flows and becomings of an exciting and unpredictable night: in a moment of carelessness, he stumbles upon the spectacle and becomes mesmerized. The flâneur’s encounter with Valerie O’rarah and that hot and risky night is an experience of shock and radical otherness, identities that fragment and complement each other in the mysterious and gloomy crowd of the city of Salvador.Keywords: Performance; Writing; Urbanities; Gender; Art of drag.
AS “SITUAÇÕES” GRÁFICAS DE ANNA BELLA GEIGER E O LIVRE JOGO DAS TRANSFIGURAÇÕES / Anna Bella Geiger's “situations”: the free play of transfiguration
Authors: Da Costa Luiz Cláudio 
Published: September 2021

O corpo, o lugar, o imaginário constituem três núcleos de interrogações na prática artística de Anna Bella Geiger cujo gesto crítico consiste em salientar as passagens e imperfeições nos sistemas de representação, desestabilizando esquemas simbólicos em prol das imagens e suas transformações. Os três núcleos não formam polos estanques ou fases. Interpenetram-se, comunicam-se, contaminam-se por força das passagens, da circulação, da transmissão que corrói as formas e as aparências, quer camuflando, esquecendo ou substituindo representações, quer cruzando as fronteiras dos enquadramentos, das convenções, dos esquemas normativos. As “situações” de Anna Bella Geiger ajudam a compreender outra modalidade da participação do espectador.Palavras-chave: O corpo na arte; Cartografias artísticas; Arte contemporânea. AbstractThe body, the place, the imaginary constitute three cores of interrogations in the artistic practice of Anna Bella Geiger whose critical gesture consists of highlighting passages and imperfections in the systems of representation, destabilizing symbolic schemes in favor of images and their transformations. The three cores do not form watertight poles or phases. They interpenetrate, communicate, become contaminated by means of passages, circulation, transmission that erodes shapes and appearances, whether by camouflaging, forgetting or replacing representations, or by crossing boundaries of framings, conventions or normative schemes. Anna Bella Geiger’s “situations” helps us understand another modality of the spectator’s participation.Keywords: The body in art; Artistic cartography; Contemporary art.
EM TORNO DA ORDEM: ARTE E INSTITUIÇÕES NO BRASIL DE AGORA / About order: art and institutions in Brazil, today
Authors: Diniz Clarissa 
Published: September 2021

Em 2017 e 2018, uma sequência de boicotes e censuras a exposições e ações artísticas marcou o campo institucional da arte no Brasil. Culminando com o fechamento da mostra Queermuseu – cartografias da diferença na arte brasileira (Santander Cultural, Porto Alegre, 2017) pela própria instituição que a realizara; esse conjunto de ataques à liberdade de expressão incluiu perseguições a artistas, manifestações, fakenews e processo jurídicos que, em alguns casos, ainda hoje se arrastam. Sem coincidência, a esse período de escancarada censura seguiram-se as eleições presidenciais e o encaminhamento da macropolítica brasileira na direção de uma extrema-direita de caráter populista, cujas ações perversamente têm se lançado sobre a educação e a cultura; entre muitos outros cortes e desmontes, o Ministério da Cultura foi extinto.
Instruction Program for Nurses Knowledge about Applying the Communication Strategies (SBAR) in Critical Care Units
Authors: Haneen Qahtan Abadi  , Huda Baker Hassan  
Published: September 2021

Background: Effective communication can improve patient care and safety by ensuring complete andcorrect information transmission and preventing misrepresentation and misinterpretation of patientcentereddata. Situation, Background, Assessment and Recommendation (SBAR) is the one of the mosteffective communication strategies that used in transmitted the clinical information between the healthprofessionals.Objectives of the Study: Present study aims to determine the effectiveness of Instruction program onnurses’ knowledge regarding communication strategy (SBAR) and find out the association betweenthe effectiveness of instruction program and nurses’ level of education, year of experiences, year ofexperiences in critical units and training course.Methodology: A pre-experimental study design was carry out in the critical care units of Imam Al-Hussein Medical City at Holy Karbala City between the periods 17th of September 2020 to 25th of May2021. A non-probability (purposive) sample of (25) nurses were selected based on the study criteria.Results: The results of the study indicated that there were high statistically differences between thepre and post-test of the instruction program related to the communication strategy. The study found ahigh statistically significant relationship between the effectiveness of the instruction program relatedto the communication strategy, educational level, training courses for nursing documentation, years ofexperience in nursing, and years of experience for nurses in the critical care units.Conclusion: The study concluded that the instruction program had a positive eefect on nurses’knowledge concerning communication strategy (SBAR).
Recommendations: Testing the current program on a wide group of health-care providers in hospitals.