bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rate of Postoperative Urinary Retention After Anterior Compartment Prolapse Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Early Versus Conventional Transurethral Catheter Removal
Authors: Chansriniyom Nareenun , Kijmanawat Athasit , Wattanayingcharoenchai Rujira , Aimjirakul Komkrit , Bartlett Jittima Manonai , Chinthakanan Orawee 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose To compare the rate of postoperative urinary retention (POUR) after anterior prolapse surgery between early transurethral catheter removal (24 hours postoperatively) and our standard practice (on postoperative day 3)Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial among patients undergoing anterior compartment prolapse surgery between 2020 and 2021 at a university hospital. Women were randomized into two groups. After removal, if the second void residual urine volume exceeded 150 mL, POUR was diagnosed and intermittent catheterization was performed. The primary outcome was the POUR rate. The secondary outcomes included urinary tract infection, asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB), time to ambulation, time to spontaneous voiding, length of hospitalization, and patient satisfaction.Results Sixty-eight women were enrolled. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics, intraoperative blood loss, operative time, anesthetic modalities, opioid use, and complications. The overall POUR rate was 29.4%. The POUR rate in the conventional group was 18.2% higher than that in the early-removal group; however, this was not statistically significant. (32.4% vs. 26.5%, RR 0.82; 95% CI: 0.39–1.72). There was no significant difference between groups for postoperative AB rate (14.7 vs. 0%, p=0.053). The early-removal group had shorter lengths of hospital stay (1 day vs. 3 days, p<0.001) and 3.8 hours earlier time to ambulation (p=0.2), without significant differences in postoperative patient satisfaction. Conclusion Among patients undergoing anterior compartment prolapse surgery, early catheter removal was comparable in POUR rate to conventional treatment, with shorter hospitalization. Therefore, early transurethral catheter removal is preferable following anterior compartment prolapse surgery. Clinical trial registration number thaiclinicaltrials.org, TCTR20210309003, 09 March 2021, retrospectively registered.
Metabolic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Antidepressants in Patients Diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hussein Osamah , Izakson Lidia , Zidan Jamal 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction:
There is growing evidence showing a correlation between major depression disorder (MDD), metabolic syndrome and inflammation. To examine the influence of antidepressant medications on the metabolic, inflammatory profiles, oxidative stress and endothelial derangement of patients suffering from MDD.
Results
Depressive patients displayed significantly higher serum triglycerides than control group, which increased significantly during eight weeks of antidepressive treatment. In the patients' group, serum levels of ALT and AST increased significantly during treatment. Serum peroxide level was significantly higher in patients before and during treatment vs. controls and decreased significantly in the patients' group during treatment. Macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 and hs-CRP serum levels were higher in patients before treatment as compared with controls. The percentage of gated IgM CD19+ and CD14+ cells in depressive patients before treatment was significantly higher than in the control group. The percentage of T regulatory cells increased significantly during antidepressive treatment.
Discussion
MDD patients had increased oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, metabolic derangements and endothelial injury. Antidepressant medications increased the percentage of T regulatory cells.
Methods
Twenty-nine patients aged 22-58 who were diagnosed with MDD but not medicated, were selected for the study. During the 8-week duration of the research, patients received anti-depressant medication.
Synthesis of 2-methylacrylamide/high-molecular-weight Cellulose for Removing Anionic Dyes from Water by Irradiation with Gamma Rays
Authors: Zhang Shuaifeng , Gu Jun , Fan Baochao , Li Li , Li Bin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We report a new method for treating high-molecular-weight cellulose with 60Co gamma rays to simultaneously graft functional groups onto the natural polymer and promote its solubility. After exposing cellulose to a 40-kilogray dose of gamma rays in the presence of 2-methylacrylamide, numerous amide groups were grafted onto the cellulose chain and its solubility increased markedly. Amide-functionalized aerogels were prepared via the sol-gel method using the irradiated product as a raw material. Compared with 40-kGy-irradiated cellulose aerogel, the amide-functionalized aerogels had relatively high zero-point charge pH values and excellent adsorption capacities with regard to anionic dyes over the pH range 2-10. They were also stable in terms of reusability. Therefore, the 2-methylacrylamide/high-molecular-weight cellulose aerogel has great potential for use in the treatment of colored surface wastewater. The 60Co gamma ray irradiation technique described herein is a flexible, stable and highly efficient method for the preparation of functionalized cellulose products.
Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Related Infertility Using a Combination of Compound Xuanju Capsules and Hormone Therapy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ma Qianwen , Tan Yong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective

To compare the therapeutic effects of compound Xuanju capsules combined with hormone therapy versus hormone therapy alone on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-related infertility using a meta-analysis.
Methods

Electronic databases including PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, and VIP database were manually searched. The quality of included studies was evaluated based on the Cochrane systematic review standards, and the valid data were extracted for meta-analysis using Revman 5.3 software.
Results

A total of 14 randomized controlled trials accounting for 1249 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that patients in the compound Xuanju capsule + hormone therapy group had higher estradiol levels and overall rates of effective treatment than those in the hormone therapy alone group. Moreover, they also exhibited lower levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone as well as lower Kupperman scores than the hormone therapy alone group.
Conclusions

The combination of compound Xuanju capsules and hormone therapy is more effective than hormone therapy alone in the treatment of PCOS-related infertility. However, the quality of current studies is low, and high-quality clinical trials are warranted.
Childbirth Experience, Risk of PTSD and Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomes According to Antenatal Classes Attendance
Authors: Avignon Valerie , David Baud , Laurent Gaucher , Corinne Dupont , Antje Horsch 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Antenatal classes have evolved considerably and include now a discussion of the parents' birth plan. Respecting this plan normally results in a better childbirth experience, an important protective factor of post-traumatic stress disorder following childbirth (PTSD-FC). Antenatal class attendance may thus be associated with lower PTSD-FC rates.This cross-sectional study took place at a Swiss University hospital. All primiparous women who gave birth to singleton from 2018-2020 were invited to answer self-reported questionnaires. Data for childbirth experience, symptoms of PTSD-FC, neonatal, and obstetrical outcomes were compared between women who attended (AC) or not (NAC) antenatal classes.A total of 794/2876 (27.6%) women completed the online questionnaire. Antenatal class attendance was associated with a poorer childbirth experience (p=0.03). When taking into account other significant predictors of childbirth experience, only induction of labor, use of forceps, emergency caesarean, and civil status remained in the final model of regression. Intrusion symptoms were more frequent in NAC group (M=1.63 versus M=1.11, p=0.02). Antenatal class attendance, forceps, emergency caesarean, and hospitalisation in NICU remained significant predictors of intrusions for PTSD-FC. Use of epidural, obstetrical, and neonatal outcomes were similar for AC and NAC.
DNA damage in tissue-resident macrophages leads to age-related neurodegeneration
Authors: garinis George , Gkirtzimanaki Katerina , Tsakani Edisona , Arvanitaki Ermioni , Nenedaki Electra , Kefalogianni Mary , Niotis Georgios , Kalafatakis Ilias , Goulielmaki Evi , Psilodimitrakopoulos Sotiris , Karagogeos Domna , Stratakis Emmanuel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are a growing challenge for the elderly yet their etiology remains elusive. Here, we show that persistent DNA damage in tissue-resident macrophages carrying an ERCC1-XPF DNA repair defect leads to cerebellar ataxia in mice. We find that cytoplasmic chromatin fragments accumulate in the brain microglia of progeroid and naturally aged mice stimulating a type-I Interferon (IFN-I) response and are then packaged in extracellular vesicles (EVs) leading to Purkinje cell death and neurodegeneration in Er1CX/− animals. To reduce neuroinflammation, we developed an EV-based strategy to deliver recombinant DNase I specifically in inflamed Er1CX/− microglia in vivo. Our approach rapidly removes dsDNAs from the cytoplasm of microglial cells and in secreted EVs; it alleviates the IFN-I response, decreases Purkinje cell death and delays the onset of neuronal decline in Er1CX/− animals. Thus, brain microglia causally contribute to neurodegeneration allowing for the development of promising therapeutic strategies against age-related neuroinflammation.
Low-Stress Livestock Handling Protects Cattle in a Five-Predator Habitat
Authors: Louchouarn Naomi X , Treves Adrian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Given the ecological importance of top predators, societies are turning to non-lethal methods for coexistence. Coexistence is challenging when livestock are released within wild predator habitats, even when people supervise or use lethal methods. We report a randomized, controlled design to evaluate low-stress livestock handling (L-SLH), a form of range riding, to deter grizzly (brown) bears, gray wolves, cougars, black bears, and coyotes in Southwestern Alberta. The treatment condition was supervision by two newly hired and trained range riders and an L-SLH practicing range rider. This treatment was compared against a baseline pseudo-control condition of the single experienced range rider working alone. Cattle experienced zero injuries or deaths in either condition. We infer that inexperienced range riders trained and supervised by an experienced rider did not raise or lower the risk to cattle. Also, predators did not shift to the cattle herds protected by fewer range riders. Pending experimental evaluation of other designs, we recommend use of L-SLH.
Mercury and selenium concentrations in the oysters Saccostrea palmula and Crassostrea corteziensis from four coastal lagoons of NW Mexico: health risk assessment
Authors: Sepúlveda Carlos Humberto , Sotelo-Gonzalez Maria Isabel , Osuna-Martínez Carmen Cristina , García-Ulloa Manuel , Góngora-Gómez Andrés Martín , Frías-Espericueta Martín Gabriel , Sánchez-Cárdenas Rebeca , Espinosa-Alonso Laura Gabriela 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) concentrations in the soft tissue of the oysters Saccostrea palmula and Crassostrea corteziensis from four coastal lagoons (Altata, Macapule, Navachiste, El Colorado) of Northwest Mexico were determined. A total of 2520 specimens of S. palmula and 3780 of C. corteziensis (72.15 ± 4.95 and 73.57 ± 5.31 mm, respectively) were sampled seasonally from summer 2019 to spring 2020. The higher Hg concentration (wet weight) for S. palmula (0.13 ± 0.03–0.11 ± 0.02 µg g−1) and C. corteziensis (0.12 ± 0.02–0.11 ± 0.03 µg g−1) were obtained in summer−autumn 2019; Hg level was similar among the coastal lagoons and did not exceed the limit established by Mexican legislation and by the Food and Drug Agency. The higher Se concentration occurred in spring 2020 for both oyster species in El Colorado lagoon (4.55 ± 0.02 and 4.08 ± 0.05 µg g−1, respectively). The Se/Hg molar ratio of S. palmula and C. corteziensis ranged from 48.76–149.59 and 31.72–155.37, respectively; while the Se health benefit value was 19.23–42.28 and 17.82–35.30, respectively. The hazard quotient for Hg -estimated as methylmercury- and Se in both species of oyster was below 1. The high molar ratio obtained (Se/Hg > 1) indicates that the concentration of Se was sufficient to neutralize the possible toxicity of the Hg, therefore, the consumption of S. palmula and C. corteziensis from the four coastal lagoons studied does not represent a risk.
Frequency-dependent Alterations in Complexity in Parkinson’s Disease and Prodromal Parkinson’s Disease: A Resting-State fMRI Study
Authors: Xiang Jie , Cheng Xueting , Cheng Chen , Guo Yuxiang , Wang Bin , Sun Jie , Li Dandan , Cui Xiaohong , Wei Jing , Xue Jiayue , Wang Pingzhi , Niu Yan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease manifests principally as resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia and postural instability and exhibits deficits in information-processing tasks and abnormalities in the striatum. Human brain is one of the most complex information processing systems and resting-state fMRI signals, which possess complex nonlinear dynamic properties, have been extensively applied to study changes in brain function. However, it remains unclear whether patients with Parkinson’s disease and prodromal Parkinson’s disease have an abnormal complexity in resting-state fMRI signals and whether the abnormalities are frequency band dependent. Therefore, we investigated the complexity of signals in 47 patients with Parkinson’s disease, 26 patients with prodromal Parkinson’s disease and 21 normal controls within four frequency bands with Fuzzy Entropy. After preprocessing, entropy maps of the whole brain were extracted within four different frequency bands. Then we performed a one-way analysis of variance and results in slow-2 and slow-3 bands revealed that Parkinson’s disease patients exhibited higher complexity than those with prodromal Parkinson’s disease and normal controls. Prodromal Parkinson’s disease patients exhibited lower complexity than normal controls. Significant differences were observed mainly in the precentral gyrus , precuneus, caudate, thalamus and superior frontal gyrus. Significant correlations were found between the Fuzzy Entropy and clinical characteristics, regional homogeneity, gray matter volume and gray matter density. The results indicated that Parkinson’s disease and prodromal Parkinson’s disease patients had abnormal intrinsic neural oscillations, mainly in slow-3 and slow-2 bands, depending on frequency bands. Complexity analysis of resting-state fMRI signals in multiple bands can help probe brain activity and pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases.
Efficacy and Safety of Thalidomide in Crohn’s Disease Patients with Perianal Fistula and Abscess
Authors: Tian Zhenyi , Ning Lingying , Feng Rui , Xu Shu , Chen Baili , Zhang Shenghong , Mao Ren , Qiu Yun , Zeng Zhirong , Chen Minhu , He Yao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Medical therapies of parianal Crohn’s disease (CD) are limited. Thalidomide is an effective medical therapy to alleviate disease activity of CD. However, the effects and safety of thalidomide in the treatment of perianal fistula and abscess was not evaluated.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study was performed at a tertiary referral centre and recruited 73 patients with perianal CD who received thalidomide (50–100 mg) daily for 1 year. Data collected included demographics, medications, and disease behaviour. Clinical assessment of CD was conducted using the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI), and perianal lesions were evaluated using the Fistula Drainage Assessment index and Perianal Disease Activity Index (PDAI). At the same time, the occurrence of adverse effects was recorded during treatment. Wilcoxon's signed-rank test and Student’s t-test were used to analyse the data.
Results
The CDAI score and laboratory indices were significantly lower after thalidomide treatment than at baseline (all P < 0.01). The value of PDAI was significantly lower in patients with symptomatic perianal abscess after thalidomide treatment than at baseline (10 [6.25, 10] versus 2.5 [1, 3.75]; P = 0.05). PDAI was also significantly reduced in all patients treated with thalidomide whether with or without perianal abscess drainage (all P < 0.05). The rates of responsive patients were similar between the thalidomide group and thalidomide combined with azathioprine group (72.73% [8/11] and 84% [21/25], respectively; P = 0.65). In total, 31% (24/77) of patients experienced adverse events, and interventions were required in 15 patients to reduce or eliminate discomfort from adverse events. Four patients discontinued thalidomide due to adverse effects. Side effects (rash, diarrhoea, peripheral neuropathy, somnolence, constipation, and numbness) were mild and mostly transient.
Conclusions
Thalidomide is effective in inducing clinical remission and response in CD patients with perianal fistula and abscess with or without abscess drainage. Thalidomide in combination with azathioprine is also effective in these patients. Low-dose thalidomide is proven to be effective and safe in treating perianal CD patients.
Differential Occurrence of Cuticular Wax and Its Role In Leaf Tissues of Three Edible Aroids of Northeast India
Authors: Pieniazek Facundo , Dasgupta Madhumita , Messina Valeria , Sahoo Manas Ranjan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Localization of cuticular wax (CW) on the leaf epidermis and its interaction with physiological mechanisms of three edible aroids, Alocasia, Colocasia, and Xanthosoma, were assessed. Scanning electron microscopy depicted the occurrence of CW in the leaf tissues, which was higher in Colocasia (10.61 mg dm-2) and Xanthosoma (11.36 mg dm-2) than in Alocasia (1.36 mg dm-2). Higher CW in Colocasia and Xanthosoma strengthened leaf epidermis and improved the physiological processes compared to Alocasia. CW acted as a protecting barrier against deleterious solar radiation in terms of sun protection factor (SPF). The glossy appearance of wax crystals in the Alocasia leaf cuticles resulted in higher SPF. The occurrence of CW was directly related to leaf chlorophyll stability, moisture retention ability, and cellular membrane integrity in the leaf tissues. Colocasia exhibited superhydrophobic properties with higher static contact angle (CA) >150o than hydrophobic Xanthosoma, and Alocasia with CA ranged between 99.0o to 128.7o. Colocasia CW highly influenced the qualitative and protective mechanisms of the leaf. Aroids are the cheapest sources of edible CW among the terrestrial plants, which could be used in food, agricultural and industrial applications.
A Collective Control Scheme to Solve Time-varying Formation Control Problem of Multiple Autonomous Underwater Vehicles with Time Delay
Authors: Jia Yongnan , Zhang Weicun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Due to the limitation of complexity and uncertainty of the underwater environment, the related technologies of autonomous underwater vehicles(AUVs) develop slowly. Therefore, an ingenious solution characterized by low cost, convenient operation, and low individual intelligence is urgently required. Inspired from these collective behaviours of gregarious creatures in nature, the coordination control problem of multiple AUVs is endowed with new research significance to complete complex underwater operational tasks. This paper aims to propose a general control scheme to solve the time-varying formation control problem of multiple AUVs that take into account the communication time delay. Firstly, a complete six-degrees-of-freedom dynamical model is applied instead of the real AUVs in the following theoretical analysis and simulation verification. Then, a metric-based nearest neighbour interacted rule is introduced to build the communication network of the system. Periodic sampling technology and zero-order hold loop are adopted to simplify the communication problem of time delay. Based on the above dynamical model and communication mechanism, a distributed collective control protocol is proposed to enable these AUVs asymptotically converge to a desired geometrical configuration on the condition that the initial communication network is undirected and connected. During the evolutionary process, no collision happens between any two AUVs. The formation configuration can be maintained until a simple switching controller works for the configuration transformation tasks. Finally, the simulation results proved the effectiveness of the above collective control scheme and visually exhibited the three-dimensional dynamical evolutionary process.
Atmospheric emissions of volatile organic compounds from a mine soil treated with sewage sludge and tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum L.)
Authors: Fernández-Espinosa Antonio José , Peña-Heras Arancha , Rossini-Oliva Sabina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A laboratory study was carried out to investigate the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from a mining soil amended with sewage sludge and irrigated with wastewater in comparison to the non-amended soil, with or without tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum L.). The study detected a total of nine VOCs emitted from the polluted soil: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, m-xylene, o-xylene, styrene, benzene-1,2,4-trimethyl and tetrachloroethylene, among which the most abundant were toluene, m-xylene and styrene (82.2, 4.1 and 3% respectively). The results showed that soil amended with sewage sludge reduced the emission of VOCs (styrene in pots without plants and benzene and xylenes in pots with plants). On the other hand, tomato plants contributed to increase significantly the emissions of all VOCs except styrene in both amended and non-amended soils.
All-optical noise spectroscopy of a solid-state spin
Authors: Farfurnik Demitry , Singh Harjot , Luo Zhouchen , Bracker Allan , Carter Sam , Pettit Robert , Waks Edo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Noise spectroscopy elucidates the fundamental noise sources in spin systems, which is essential for developing spin qubits with long coherence times for quantum information processing, communication, and sensing. But noise spectroscopy typically relies on microwave coherent spin control to extract the noise spectrum, which becomes infeasible when there are high-frequency noise components stronger than the available microwave power. Here, we demonstrate an alternative all-optical approach to performing noise spectroscopy. Our approach utilises coherent Raman rotations of the spin state with controlled timing and phase to implement Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) pulse sequences. Analysing the spin dynamics under these sequences enables us to extract the noise spectrum of a dense ensemble of nuclear spins interacting with a single spin in a quantum dot, which has thus far only been modelled theoretically. By providing large spectral bandwidths of over 100 MHz, our Raman-based approach could serve as an important tool to study spin dynamics and decoherence mechanisms for a broad range of solid-state spin qubits.