bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Patients With Refractory Reflux‐Like Symptoms Despite Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy: Evidence‐Based Consensus Statements
Authors: Armstrong David , Hungin A. Pali , Kahrilas Peter J. , Sifrim Daniel , Moayyedi Paul , Vaezi Michael F. , Al‐Awadhi Sameer , Anvari Sama , Bell Reginald , Delaney Brendan , Emura Fabian , Gyawali C. Prakash , Katelaris Peter , Lazarescu Adriana , Lee Yeong Yeh , Repici Alessandro , Roman Sabine , Rooker Ceciel T. , Savarino Edoardo Vincenzo , Sinclair Paul , Sugano Kentaro , Yadlapati Rena , Yuan Yuhong , Zerbib Frank , Sharma Prateek ,   the International Working Group for the Classification of Oesophagitis (IWGCO)
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMany patients diagnosed with gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have persistent symptoms despite proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy.AimsThe aim of this consensus is to provide evidence‐based statements to guide clinicians caring for patients with refractory reflux‐like symptoms (rRLS) or refractory GERD.MethodsThis consensus was developed by the International Working Group for the Classification of Oesophagitis. The steering committee developed specific PICO questions pertaining to the management of PPI rRLS. Methodologists conducted systematic reviews of the literature. The quality of evidence and strength of recommendations were rated using the GRADE approach.ResultsConsensus was reached on 13 of 17 statements on diagnosis and management. For rRLS, suggested diagnostic strategies included endoscopy, ambulatory reflux testing and oesophageal manometry. The group did not reach consensus on the role of oesophageal biopsies or the use of reflux‐symptom association in patients undergoing reflux testing. The group suggested against increasing the PPI dose in patients who had received 8 weeks of a twice‐daily PPI. Adjunctive alginate or antacid therapy was suggested. There was no consensus on the role of adjunctive prokinetics. There was little role for adjunctive transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation (TLESR) inhibitors or bile acid sequestrants. Endoscopic or surgical anti‐reflux procedures should not be performed in patients with rRLS in the absence of objectively confirmed GERD.ConclusionsThe management of rRLS should be personalised, based on shared decision‐making regarding the role of diagnostic testing to confirm or rule out GERD as a basis for treatment optimisation. Anti‐reflux procedures should not be performed without objective confirmation of GERD.
EPPO‐Q‐bank: a curated database to support plant pest diagnostic activities
Authors: Bertaccini A. , van de Bilt J. L. J. , Contaldo N. , Cottyn B. , Damm U. , Duistermaat H. , Giordano L. , Giraldo Lopez A. , Griessinger D. , Grimault V. , van Heese E. , van Ingen‐Buijs V. A. , Kiewnick S. , de Koning P. P. M. , Menzel W. , Pel M. J. C. , Pierre É. , Quaglino F. , Roenhorst J. W. , Rousse P. , Schroers H. J. , Streito J. C. , Trontin C. , van Valkenburg J. , Verloove F. , van der Vlugt R. A. A. , De Vos P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe increased risk of outbreaks of plant pests due to globalization and climate change requires up‐to‐date knowledge and quick and validated detection and identification methods. DNA barcoding and sequence analysis are increasingly used for diagnostics in phytosanitary laboratories. These methods use (short) genomic sequences specific to a well‐defined taxon for species identification. The EPPO‐Q‐bank database (https://qbank.eppo.int/) supports plant pest diagnostics focusing on pests recommended for regulation in the EPPO region and their look‐alikes. It provides a wide range of information on specimens, isolates, strains or populations available in collections, including curated DNA barcodes/sequence data. The cornerstone of this database is its curation by a team of scientists with taxonomic, phytosanitary and diagnostic expertise from National Plant Protection Organizations and institutes with connections to relevant phytosanitary collections.
Storage‐related artefacts in equine blood result in a pseudo‐inflammatory leukogram
Authors: Parsley Ashley L. , Hollingshead Nicholas A. , Gruber Erika J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo minimise storage‐related artefacts, EDTA‐anticoagulated whole blood should be evaluated promptly or refrigerated, a challenge in ambulatory practice. The effects of suboptimal blood storage on equine leukocyte parameters are not well‐documented.ObjectivesDocument changes in leukocyte number, automated and manual differential counts, and morphology in equine blood stored at four temperatures for up to 5 days.Study designIn vitro experimental.MethodsEDTA‐anticoagulated whole blood from 13 horses was stored in a refrigerator (4°C), cooler with icepacks (3°C–19°C), room temperature (22°C), or incubator (37°C). Automated analyses were performed using an ADVIA 120 at 0, 8, 24, 48, and 120 h. Leukocyte integrity and morphology were evaluated on blood smears prepared at 0, 2, 4, 12, 24, 48, and 120 h.ResultsAutomated leukocyte count was stable up to 24 h in samples stored in the refrigerator, cooler, and at room temperature, but decreased after 48 h in samples stored in the cooler (p < 0.01) or at room temperature (p < 0.05). Pseudo‐neutropenia occurred in some samples within 24 h. Storage‐dependent increases in cell swelling, ruptured cells, hypolobulated neutrophils, and cytoplasmic vacuolation were observed in samples stored at each condition but appeared later in samples stored under refrigeration. In samples stored at 37°C, the percentage of pyknotic cells increased by 4 h and WBC concentration decreased by 8 h.Main limitationsThe small study population consisted only of clinically healthy horses. The four static temperature conditions do not capture the full spectrum of potential conditions encountered in the field.ConclusionsIn most conditions, leukocyte counts decreased by 48 h, but remained within reference intervals in blood stored up to 120 h. Storage‐related leukocyte changes in blood stored under conditions mimicking ambulatory practice resulted in a pseudo‐inflammatory leukogram, which could alter interpretation and patient management.
A Potential Contribution of S100A11 to Skin Fibrosis and Pulmonary Involvement in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Takahashi Takuya , Takahashi Takehiro , Segawa Yuichiro , Ikawa Tetsuya , Terui Hitoshi , Takahashi Toshiya , Sumida Hayakazu , Yoshizaki Ayumi , Sato Shinichi , Asano Yoshihide 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterised by immune dysregulation, vasculopathy and fibrosis, driven by genetic and environmental factors. S100 proteins, which constitute a unique class of calcium‐binding proteins, have been shown to be critically implicated in various inflammatory and fibrotic conditions. In this study, we investigated the possible involvement of S100A11 in SSc by examining its cutaneous expression and systemic serum levels, correlating them with key clinical parameters. First, we performed immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to examine S100A11 localisation in skin specimens from SSc patients and controls, and found that S100A11 was robustly expressed in SSc dermal fibroblasts. Analysis on the publicly available single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐seq) data of SSc skin samples further confirmed that S100A11 was highly expressed in SSc dermal fibroblasts along with several key genes associated with cellular senescence. Finally, we evaluated serum levels of S100A11 in SSc patients and HCs using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and found that serum S100A11 levels were significantly elevated in diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) patients compared to controls. S100A11 serum levels in SSc patients were significantly correlated with modified Rodnan total skin thickness score and key parameters of SSc‐related interstitial lung disease. Our data collectively suggested a potential pathophysiological role of S100A11 in the cutaneous and lung fibrosis associated with SSc, warranting further investigation into its functional roles in this disease.
Microplastics and Skin Aging: Disruption of Barrier Function and Induction of Fibroblast Senescence
Authors: Ouyang Yujie , Wu Songjiang , Zhao Yuanyuan , Hu Yibo , Jiang Ling , Fu Chuhan , Lei Li , Zhang Yushan , Duan Xiaolei , Huang Jinhua , Chen Jing , Zeng Qinghai 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMicroplastics (MPs) have emerged as a major concern among contemporary pollutants, but there is still limited knowledge regarding their impact on skin function. To address this issue, we conducted a transcriptome analysis on skin tissue that had been exposed to polystyrene (PS), which is one of the most prevalent type of MPs that can be absorbed through the skin. The results of our study, obtained through functional enrichment analysis and the experiment of treating HaCaT with PS, revealed that PS may have an effect on skin barrier function, specifically the permeability barrier through inhibiting keratinocyte differentiation. Additionally, PS also induced dysfunction in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Mechanistically, we observed that PS induced fibroblasts senescence and increased the secretion of senescence‐related characteristics. Furthermore, the expression of core genes related to the ECM, such as COL1A1, COL1A2 and SPP1, was found to be down‐regulated in PS‐treated fibroblasts. Moreover, an in vitro experiment provided evidence of the involvement of PPARγ in PS‐induced fibroblast senescence. In conclusion, our study has identified PS as a causal factor for skin barrier dysfunction. Additionally, PS induces fibroblast senescence, leading to ECM dysfunction and contributing to skin aging. These findings further strengthen the understanding and management of the effects of MPs on skin health.
Morpho‐Physiological Traits Linked to Water Stress Responses Among Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench Varieties: A Field Study in Kenya
Authors: Suba Vincent Ochieng , Munene Rosepiah , Mustafa Osman , Loftus Sara , Ahmed Mutez , Dippold Michaela , Otieno Dennis , Liu Juxiu , Li Yuelin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSorghum is a drought‐tolerant crop with the potential to alleviate food insecurity in arid and semiarid regions of the world. This study aimed to identify the morphological and physiological traits that are associated with drought tolerance in three sorghum varieties grown in Kenya: the Makueni (MKL) landrace, Gadam (GD) open‐pollinated variety and the IESH 22012 hybrid. A randomised split‐plot design was employed, comprising three sorghum varieties and two moisture input levels (control and drought), replicated four times during the 2021 and 2022 crop seasons. Rainout shelters were utilised to impose drought conditions. Drought stress significantly influenced all traits, and the three varieties exhibited distinct responses. Based on grain yield, IESH demonstrated superior potential, followed by GD, while MKL ranked third under drought conditions. Across all varieties, drought led to reductions in transpiration rates (MKL: 40%, GD: 46% and IESH: 20%) and stomatal conductance (MKL: 31%, GD: 39% and IESH: 21%). Assimilation rates were reduced by 51%, 38% and 23% for GD, MKL and IESH, respectively. Similarly, drought decreased biomass by 46% for GD, 30% for IESH and 26% for MKL. Grain yields were also reduced by 51% for GD, 37% for MKL and 33% for IESH. GD exhibited a more pronounced yield decline than IESH in response to water shortages, indicating a greater sensitivity to reduced water supply. Overall, the results indicate that sorghum responds to drought by reducing plant size, biomass accumulation, leaf area, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance. However, the phenotypic drought response, including the allocation of reduced carbon and biomass formation among plant organs, is specific to each variety. The IESH variety was identified as more suitable for both drought‐stress and nonstress environments, considering its favourable morphological, physiological and yield‐related traits, as well as its sensitivity and tolerance indices.
Exemplifying Procedural Justice While Strengthening Organizational Identification: The Complex Relationship Between Identity Leadership and Unethical Pro‐Organizational Behavior
Authors: Milesi Patrizia 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTUnethical pro‐organizational behavior (UPB) aims at advantaging the organization while transgressing relevant laws or widely held norms of ethical conduct. Across three studies (Study 1 N = 138; Study 2 N = 413; Study 3 N = 139), the paper examines whether identity leadership plays as an antecedent of employees' UPB intention based on two simultaneous processes: one process related to identity leaders being perceived as exemplary group members, who model and inspire given standards of behavior as a function of the procedural justice employees experience within their workgroup; the other process related to identity leaders strengthening employees' organizational identification. The obtained results provided consistent evidence that identity leadership is associated directly with employees’ UPB intention by interacting negatively with procedural justice and that, at the same time, it is associated with it indirectly, through the mediation of organizational identification. Discussion focuses on the complexity of both UPB, where an ethical and a pro‐organizational dimensions are intertwined, and identity leadership, whose contents are conditional on the meanings employees associate with their group membership.
How Latine youth's positive development unfold through farmwork in rural migrant farmworker families in the U.S. Midwest
Authors: Jiang Xue , Taylor Zoe E. , Carlo Gustavo , Suitor J. Jill , Ruiz Yumary 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSome Latine youth from rural migrant farmworker communities engage in farmwork to help support themselves and their families. Although research has documented their motives for working and some characteristics of their employment, knowledge about how these youth construct their work in the fields and how such experiences relate to their positive development is needed to depict their holistic experiences. Using mixed methods, we explored youth's farmwork experiences and examined how these experiences relate to youth's prosocial behaviors, civic responsibility, and ego‐resiliency. Data are from a mixed‐method study of Latine youth and parents in rural and agricultural families in the U.S. Midwest. The present study uses qualitative data from a subsample of 47 youth (Mage = 11.42, 48.8% boys) who participated in interviews and survey activities. Thematic coding of the interviews revealed sociocognitive, socioemotional, skilled‐related, and physical experiences, as well as prosocial considerations that included perspective taking, moral reasoning, and empathetic concern. Integrating qualitative and quantitative data showed that these experiences were distinctively associated with higher other‐oriented and lower self‐oriented prosocial behaviors and higher ego‐resiliency. Further, farmworker youth also showed significantly lower civic efficacy, indicating that farmwork may discourage some aspects of civic responsibility. The results can inform policy and program designs on promoting Latine youth's positive development in the face of adversity, such as by highlighting character development and bridging youth engagement with civic spheres.
N Protein of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Proven to Be Antagonistic Against Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Qiao Ning , Liu Hongmei , Chen Yuxing , Zhang Dezhen , Liu Jie , Sun Hanru , Liu Yongguang , Zhu Xiaoping , Sun Xiaoan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTwo phylogenetically unrelated viruses transmitted by different insect vectors, tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), are major threats to tomato and other vegetable production. Although co‐infections of TSWV and TYLCV on the same host plant have been reported on numerous occasions, there is still lack of research attempting to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the relationship between two viruses when they coexist in the same tomato or other plants. After assessing the effect of four TSWV‐coded proteins on suppressing TYLCV in TSWV N transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana seedlings, the TSWV N protein proved to be effective in reducing TYLCV quantity and viral symptoms. Western blot analysis indicated that TSWV N was involved in down‐regulating the expression level of the V1, C3, and C4 proteins of TYLCV, among which V1 was the most significantly suppressed one. Moreover, TSWV N was confirmed to reduce TYLCV V1 within both nucleus and cytoplasm, but a greater suppression was observed in cytoplasm. The co‐immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry identified 244 differential proteins from the TYLCV‐infected TSWV N transgenic N. benthamiana seedling. These proteins pertaining to energy metabolism pathways were enriched, suggesting that TSWV N could inhibit TYLCV through competing for energy or regulating energy‐related metabolism. The evidence presented here offers a novel perspective that will facilitate a comprehensive understanding of virus–virus and virus–host interactions, as well as a potential strategy for plant virus control through using TSWV N in the near future.
Terbinafine Resistance in Trichophyton Species From Patients With Recalcitrant Infections Detected by the EUCAST Broth Microdilution Method and DermaGenius Resistance Multiplex PCR Kit
Authors: Duus Liv , Schachsen Pernille Kræmer , Gertsen Jan Berg , Astvad Karen Marie Thyssen , Kristensen Lise 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEmerging terbinafine resistance in Trichophyton species has been reported globally. The prevalence in clinical samples from patients with treatment failure is unknown in Denmark.ObjectivesProspective study of terbinafine resistance in Trichophyton isolates from patients with recalcitrant skin or nail infections.Patients/MethodsClinical samples (nails or skin scrapings) from patients with recalcitrant infections were included. Isolates were tested with the EUCAST broth microdilution method, E.Def 11.0 and DermaGenius Resistance Multiplex PCR kit (PathoNostics, The Netherlands).ResultsThirty‐three isolates were included in the study, 27 (81.8%) T. rubrum, 2 (6.1%) T. interdigitale, 1 (3.0%) T. mentagrophytes and 3 (9.1%) T. indotineae. Sixteen of 31 isolates (52%) were terbinafine resistant with the EUCAST broth microdilution method, 13 T. rubrum and 3 T. indotineae. Two isolates did not grow in the broth culture medium. The DermaGenius Resistance Multiplex PCR kit showed mutations associated with terbinafine resistance in 11 isolates. All of the 11 isolates with detected mutations by PCR also displayed terbinafine resistance by the EUCAST method.ConclusionsTerbinafine resistance was detected in 52% of Trichophyton isolates from recalcitrant infections by the EUCAST broth microdilution. T. rubrum was the most common species among the resistant isolates (81.3%). The DermaGenius Resistance Multiplex PCR kit was a reliable tool for the detection of mutations associated with terbinafine resistance and is suitable as an initial screening for terbinafine resistance before results from EUCAST broth microdilution testing is available. Susceptibility testing of Trichophyton spp. from skin and nail samples is highly relevant from patients with terbinafine treatment failure.
Diverse Views and Practices on the Handling of Explanted Hardware Highlights the Need for Standardized Management
Authors: Daştan Ali Engin , Vahabi Arman , Günay Hüseyin , Aktuğlu Kemal 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveOrthopedic implants may need to be removed for various reasons. There is little data on the appropriate handling of implants after their removal from patients. This study aimed to analyze how orthopedic surgeons handle removed implants and their underlying philosophies, using data collected from a survey.MethodsThis study, conducted between May 2024 and June 2024, utilized an online survey targeting orthopedic surgeons and residents in Turkey to investigate practices and views regarding removed implants. A total of 205 participants completed an 11‐question online survey via Google Forms. The survey covered hospital types, professional experience, protocols for handling removed implants, practices for archiving and disposing of implants, and perspectives on current practices and future direction.ResultsParticipants' professional experience varied widely. None of the participants followed a specific protocol for managing removed implants. Opinions on giving implants to patients were diverse: 17.1% would never give the implant to the patient, 32.2% would comply with the patient's request, and 50.7% had no definitive approach. A minority (2.9%) systematically archived implants, while others archived selectively or disposed of them as medical waste. The primary motivations for archiving included medicolegal protection (21%) and professional curiosity (75.2%). Only 2.9% had experience with legal requests for removed implants, and 80% supported establishing regulations for handling removed implants.DiscussionOrthopedic surgeons' legal and ethical perceptions regarding removed implants, as well as their preference of handling, vary widely. Establishing a standardized approach can reduce this variability in practice and ensure uniformity in healthcare.
Collective epistemic vices in Blaise Pascal's Provinciales
Authors: Chaturvedi Aditi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLes Provinciales (1656–1657) by Blaise Pascal is best known today for its scathing attack on the Jesuits. Most contemporary accounts treat the work either as a gem of polemical epistolography or of theological and historical interest as a depiction of the debates between the Jansenists and the Jesuits in seventeenth‐century France. In general, Pascal's epistemology is either ignored in Anglophone epistemology or explored in relation to Descartes or other more “substantial” epistemologists. This article argues that such marginalization of Les Provinciales—and Pascal—is a mistake. I contend that Pascal's work offers a fruitful case study in collective epistemic vices. Contrary to the common view that Les Provinciales is merely a series of Jansenist ad hominem attacks, I argue that Pascal's true aim was to expose the epistemic corruption of the Jesuits to a broader audience. In the first section, I offer a few remarks on contemporary vice epistemology and briefly defend the theoretical framework that I rely on. In the second section, I turn to the letters themselves. I first show how Pascal was acutely sensitive to the sociality of knowledge production, then discuss Les Provinciales as a case study of collective epistemic vices.