bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Uterine Function During Estrous Cycle, Anestrus Phase and Pregnancy By Steroids in Red Deer (Cervus Elaphus L.)
Authors: Kotlarczyk Angelika , Grzyb Martyna , Korzekwa Anna J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Steroid synthesis and production in ruminant uterus is not obvious, especially in seasonally reproduced. We compared steroid production by investigating enzymes involved in red deer uterine steroid metabolism in reproductive seasons. Blood and uteri (endometrium and myometrium) were collected post mortem from hinds on 4th day (N = 8), 13th day of the cycle (N = 8), anestrus (N = 8) and pregnancy (N = 8). The expression of cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450), 3 -beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), 17 -beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD), aldo-keto reductase family 1 C1 (AKR1C1), estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), and progesterone receptors (PRs), were analyzed using real-time-PCR and Western Blotting. Plasma samples were assayed for 17-beta-estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone (T4) concentrations by EIA. Hinds at the beginning of the estrous cycle, mainly in endometrium, were characterized by a high mRNA expression of 3β-HSD, AKR1C1, PRs and ERα, contrary to the expression in myometrium during pregnancy (P ˂ 0.05). For P4, E2, and FSH, concentration was the highest during the 13th day of the estrous cycle (P ˂ 0.05). Uterine steroid production and output in hinds as a representative seasonally reproduced ruminant occurred mainly during the estrous cycle and sustained in anestrus.
Influenza Virus Entry and Replication Inhibited by 8-Prenylnaringenin from Citrullus Lanatus Var. Citroides (Wild Watermelon)
Authors: Hanada Akari , Morimoto Ryosuke , Horio Yuka , Shichiri Mototada , Nakashima Ayaka , Ogawa Taro , Suzuki Kengo , Sumitani Hidenobu , Ogata Tokutaro , Isegawa Yuji 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We previously demonstrated the anti-influenza activity of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon, WWM); however, the active ingredient was unknown. Here, we performed metabolomic analysis to evaluate the ingredients of WWM associated with antiviral activity. Many low-molecular-weight compounds were identified, with flavonoids accounting for 3% of all the compounds in WWM juice. Prenylated flavonoids accounted for 13% of the flavonoids. Among the ingredients, 8-prenylnaringenin exhibited the highest antiviral activity. We synthesized 8-prenylnaringenin and used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to quantitate the active ingredient in WWM. The antiviral activities of 8-prenylnaringenin were observed against H1N1 influenza subtypes, including oseltamivir-resistant H1N1 viruses, but not against an influenza B virus. Moreover, 8-prenylnaringenin was found to inhibit virus adsorption and late-stage virus replication, suggesting that the mechanisms of action of 8-prenylnaringenin may differ from those of amantadine and oseltamivir. This is the first report on the anti-influenza virus activity of 8-prenylnaringenin. Our results highlight the potential of WWM in developing effective prophylactic and therapeutic approaches against influenza viruses.
Silver Nanoparticles Textured Oxide Thin Films for Surface Plasmon Enhanced Photovoltaic Properties
Authors: Nath Amitabha , Bhati Naveen , Mahajan Bikram Kishore , Rakshit Jayanta Kumar , Sarkar Mitra Barun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this report, Ag nanoparticles were fabricated using single-step glancing angle deposition (SS-GLAD) technique upon In2O3/TiO2 thin film. Afterwards, a detailed analysis was done for the two samples such as In2O3/TiO2 thin film and In2O3/TiO2 thin film/Ag nanoparticles, to inspect the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy and electrical properties. The reduction in bandgap energy for the samples of In2O3/TiO2 thin film/Ag nanoparticles (~ 4.16 eV) in comparison with the In2O3/TiO2 thin film (~ 4.28 eV) was due to trapped e-h recombination at the oxygen vacancies and electron transmission of Ag to the conduction band of the In2O3/TiO2 thin films. Moreover, under irradiation of photons Ag nanoparticles generated inorganic Ag-O compound attributable to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Also, a ~ 90% high transmittance, ~ 60% and ~ 25% low reflectance in UV and visible region, fill factor (FF) of 53%, as well as power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.12% was observed for In2O3/TiO2 thin film/Ag nanoparticles than the In2O3/TiO2 thin film. Therefore, the use of Ag nanoparticles textured In2O3/TiO2 thin film based device is a promising approach for the forthcoming photovoltaic applications.
Molecular Diagnosis and Prenatal Counseling of a Chinese Family with Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia congenital
Authors: Fan Lihong , Xu Yuqing , Shen Guosong , Shen Xueping , Tang Kefeng , Yao Juan , Ji Longfei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Aim: To identify the gene mutation and complete prenatal counseling in a Chinese family with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenital (SEDC). Materials and Methods: A Chinese family with SEDC was enrolled. Their detailed clinical features, skeletal radiographic features, and laboratory results were obtained. The peripheral blood samples of the family members were used for the targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS), and Sanger sequencing confirmation. Bioinformatics analysis and genotype-phenotype correlation analysis were used to identify the gene mutation. Amniocentesis, fetal chromosome analysis and Sanger sequencing were completed for prenatal diagnosis. Results: A missense mutation c.3392G>T (p. Gly1131Val) of COL2A1 was found in the proband and the fetus. The mutation was confirmed to be likely pathogenic and would damage the structure of stable triple-helical type II collagen. Conclusion: A novel pathogenic c.3392G>T (p. Gly1131Val) mutation in COL2A1 leading to SEDC was identified, which expanded the genotypic spectrum and phenotypic spectrum of SEDC. In addition, we wish to emphasize that prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling should be carried out in a family with SEDC for better procreative management.
Comparing Left Ventricular Mechanical Dyssynchrony between Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients with Normal Gated SPECT MPI
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Elinaz , Ghodsirad Mohammadali , Alirezaei Toktam , Arefnia Maryam , Pirayesh Elahe , Amoui Mahasti , Norouzi Ghazal 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction; the aim of this study was to employ phase analysis to diagnose left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony (LVMD)in asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and normal perfusion study to prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy.Methods & materials; Ninety-three consecutive patients with known type 2 diabetes and 81 age- and gender- matched patients without diabetes who were candidates for SPECT-MPI were considered as the control group. The presence of LVMD as an indicator of cardiomyopathy- was determined using phase analysis for each scan with quantitative gated SPECT (QGS) and corridor4DM (4DM) software. All outcomes such as phase bandwidth (PBW) and phase standard deviation (PSD) were compared between the two groups. Results; A total of 174 patients were included in the study. There were no statistically significant difference regarding demographic factors between the two groups (P>0.05). PBW showed statistically significant differences (increased in diabetics) between the control and diabetic patients (P < 0.05). Kruskal Wallis analysis revealed that as the duration of diabetes is prolonged, especially more than 15 years, the probability of LVMD is increased as well (p=0.021). Discussion; Fraction of asymptomatic diabetic patients with normal ejection fraction and gated SPECT MPI-especially those with prolonged diabetes- might have some degrees of LVMD. Phase analysis can detect this which in turn would prevent progress into heart failure.
Development and preclinical evaluation of [68Ga]Ga-Alb-FAPtp-01, a novel tumour-associated fibroblast activation protein tracer for PET imaging of xenograft glioma
Authors: Lin Jia-Jia , Chuang Chia-Pao , Lin Jia-Yu , Huang Feng-Ting , Huang chiun-wei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Dynamic changes in tumour-associated fibroblast activation protein (FAP) expression in tumours of different stages may be helpful for prognostic evaluation and treatment response monitoring, making this protein a promising surveillance biomarker for timely diagnosis of malignant tumours and effective planning of patient care. Thus, novel FAP-PET imaging tracers were developed and evaluated for the diagnosis of xenograft glioma tumours.
Methods

To prospectively verify the prognostic value of the developed FAP tracers, [68Ga]Ga-FAPtp and [68Ga]Ga-Alb-FAPtp-01, measurements of FAP expression and cell uptake and specific binding assays were conducted in U87MG glioma cells. Dynamic/static PET/CT scans were acquired for tumour targeting studies in vivo and in comparison with the reference tracer [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 to evaluate diagnostic efficacy. Tumour autoradiography and immunohistochemistry images were acquired to confirm the tracer distribution within the tumour to determine whether it was in accordance with the pathologic data.
Results

Both [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and [68Ga]Ga-FAPtp demonstrated marked tumour uptake and comparable pharmaceutical profiles in 1 h dynamic PET scans, and [68Ga]Ga-FAPtp had marginally favourable tumour uptake and less kidney and liver uptake. However, both tracers demonstrated rapid clearance from tumours. Thus, the optimized rationally designed FAP-targeting PET tracer [68Ga]Ga-Alb-FAPtp-01, with albumin binding capability, demonstrated prominent longitudinal tumour uptake in tumour xenografts and displayed significant tumour-to-background contrast over time. The tracer uptake values and T/M ratio were 1.775 ± 0.179 SUV and T/M = 5.9, 1.533 ± 0.222 SUV and T/M = 6.7, and 1.425 ± 0.204 SUV and T/M = 9.5, respectively, at 1 h, 2 h and 3 h. Major organs, such as the heart (0.504 ± 0.125% ID/g), muscle (0.156 ± 0.043% ID/g) and brain (0.119 ± 0.039% ID/g), all displayed comparatively low levels of tracer uptake.
Conclusion

Its improved tumour uptake and pharmacokinetics suggest that the [68Ga]Ga-Alb-FAPtp-01 tracer can noninvasively detect FAP activation in vivo, permitting a precise definition of its roles in tumours of different stages and yielding insights regarding novel FAP-targeted radiotherapeutic strategies at the molecular level.
Dear Watch, Should I get a COVID Test? Designing deployable machine learning for wearables
Authors: Goldenberg Anna , Nestor Bret , Hunter Jaryd , Kainkaryam Raghu , Drysdale Erik , Inglis Jeffrey , Shapiro Allison , Nagaraj Sujay , Ghassemi Marzyeh , Foschini Luca 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Commercial wearable devices are surfacing as an appealing mechanism to detect COVID-19 and potentially other public health threats, due to their widespread use. To assess the validity of wearable devices as population health screening tools, it is essential to evaluate predictive methodologies based on wearable devices by mimicking their real-world deployment. Several points must be addressed to transition from statistically significant differences between infected and uninfected cohorts to COVID-19 inferences on individuals. We demonstrate the strengths and shortcomings of existing approaches on a cohort of 32,198 individuals who experience influenza like illness (ILI), 204 of which report testing positive for COVID-19. We show that, despite commonly made design mistakes resulting in overestimation of performance, when properly designed wearables can be effectively used as a part of the detection pipeline. For example, knowing the week of year, combined with naive randomised test set generation leads to substantial overestimation of COVID-19 classification performance at 0.73 AUROC. However, an average AUROC of only 0.55 +/- 0.02 would be attainable in a simulation of real-world deployment, due to the shifting prevalence of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 ILI to trigger further testing. In this work we show how to train a machine learning model to differentiate ILI days from healthy days, followed by a survey to differentiate COVID-19 from influenza and unspecified ILI based on symptoms. In a forthcoming week, models can expect a sensitivity of 0.50 (0-0.74, 95% CI), while utilising the wearable device to reduce the burden of surveys by 35%. The corresponding false positive rate is 0.22 (0.02-0.47, 95% CI). In the future, serious consideration must be given to the design, evaluation, and reporting of wearable device interventions if they are to be relied upon as part of frequent COVID-19 or other public health threat testing infrastructures.
Cross-platform transcriptomic profiling of the response to recombinant human erythropoietin
Authors: Wang Guan , Kitaoka Traci , Crawford Ali , Mao Qian , Hesketh Andrew , Guppy Fergus , Ash Garrett , Liu Jason , Gerstein Mark , Pitsiladis Yannis 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
RNA-seq has matured and become an important tool for studying RNA biology. Here we compared two RNA-seq (Illumina sequencing by synthesis and MGI DNBSEQ™) and two microarray platforms (Illumina Expression BeadChip and GeneChip™ Human Transcriptome Array 2.0) in healthy individuals administered recombinant human erythropoietin for transcriptome-wide quantification of differential gene expression. The results show that total RNA sequencing combined with DNB-seq produced a multitude of genes of biological relevance and significance in response to recombinant human erythropoietin, in contrast to other platforms. Through data triangulation linking genes to functions, genes representing the processes of erythropoiesis as well as non-erythropoietic functions of erythropoietin were unveiled. This study provides a knowledge base of genes characterising the responses to recombinant human erythropoietin through cross-platform comparison and validation.
The Effect of G-C3N4 on Bacterial Community in Sediment of Xiang River Under Tetracycline Pressure
Authors: Hu Xuemei , Peng Kuan , Chen Yijun , Liu Shuguang , Zhao Yunlin , Chen Xiaoyong , Wu Yaohui , Xu Zhenggang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As photocatalysts applied more and more often to treat pollutants by photocatalytic reactions, they may enter the environment via water spreading. Although there are some investigations about their influence on different organisms, little is known about its impact on the ecological microenvironment. To understand how photocatalysts effect sediment ecological microenvironment in the process of pollution remediation, the impact of typical photocatalyst g-C3N4 (Graphitic carbon nitride) on rivered sediment community polluted by typical antibiotic tetracycline (TC) was investigated. The sediment samples were exposed to different concentrations of TC, g-C3N4 or TC/g-C3N4 (exposed to 60, 120, 180 mg/L TC, or 25, 75, 125 mg/kg g-C3N4, or 25, 75, 125 mg/kg g-C3N4 plus 60, 120, 180 mg/L TC, respectively), and sediment bacterial community were analyzed by Illumina sequencing. The results indicated that the dominant bacterial phyla in the samples were Acidobacteriota, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Chloroflexi. The diversity and richness of microorganisms in riverbed sediment were increased a little bit by g-C3N4 with different concentrations, which reached the highest value when exposed to 75 mg/kg g-C3N4. g-C3N4 lightly increased the percentage of relative abundance of Cyanobacteria. The bacterial communities’ structure of the samples treated with TC, g-C3N4 or TC/g-C3N4 were distinguishable. g-C3N4 alone had little effect on microbial structure, while TC/g-C3N4 had medium influence and TC had great impact on it. Under TC stress, g-C3N4 slowed down the growth of Cyanobacteria to some extent and restored the changes of bacterial community structure caused by TC, and reduced the residual TC in water body, thus eliminating the side effects of TC. The result shown that g-C3N4 could significantly reduce the residue of TC in riverbed sediment, without affecting the microbial ecology in the environment.
Exact Density Matrix Elements for a Driven Dissipative Bosonic Mode in a Kerr-Like Medium
Authors: Saedi Sh. , Kheirandish F. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
For a prototype Hamiltonian describing a driven, dissipative bosonic mode in a Kerr-like medium, the exact matrix elements of the reduced density matrix are obtained from a generating function in terms of the normal characteristic functions. The approach is based on the Heisenberg equations and operator calculus. The special and limiting cases are discussed.
Investigation on Aircraft-store Compatibility Criteria of External Store Separation
Authors: Song Wei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The evaluation of aircraft-store compatibility on external store separation is a key issue in the separation system of vehicle design. Firstly, the aircraft-store compatibility criterion of an external store separation is put forward, and then the criterion is converted to an unequal relationship between velocity and acceleration in vertical displacement and pitch angle based on the constant force assumption, which is validated by the test result of wing pylon finned store model (WPFS). The three-dimensional compressible Reynolds average N-S equation and rigid body six-degree-of-freedom motion equation (6-DOF) are solved by using unstructured dynamic overlap grid technology, to obtain the kinematic parameters of the external separation. Finally, the most dangerous point M on the tail of the external store is selected to verify the aircraft-store separation criterion. The results show that the kinematic parameters of the most dangerous point M on the tail wing of the store fall in the safe separation area, which means that the complete separated process is safe.
Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Malaria Among Forest-Goer Communities in Mukdahan Province, Northeastern Thailand
Authors: Chuangchaiya Sriwipa , Rahim Mohd Amirul Fitri A. , Chanpum Paisit , Munajat Mohd Bakhtiar , Dian Nor Diyana , Lubis Inke Nadia D. , Divis Paul C. S. , Id Zulkarnain Md 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Malaria remains a major public health challenge in Thailand. In Thailand, the transmission now progressively clusters in hotspots along international borders and among high-risk groups, including forest-goers. Therefore, continuous assessment and understanding of the behavioral and perceptions related to malaria exposure in the high-risk group are necessary to achieve the elimination goal. This study aimed to investigate knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to malaria in rural communities living close to a forested area in the northeastern part of Thailand.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in three forest-goer communities (i.e. Ban Khok, Ban Koh and Dong Yang) in Khamcha-i district, Mukdahan Province from July and August 2019. Community members aged 18 years and above were interviewed. Demographic, socio-economic information and KAP data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: Overall, 346 individuals were interviewed. Although the household indoor residual spraying (IRS) coverage was 100%, ownership of mosquito bed net was 24.3% and only reported in Ban Khok. Nevertheless, almost all of the respondents were aware that malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes (97.7%) and bed nets were used to prevent malaria (94.5%). Regarding practice for managing malaria, the most common practice adopted by the respondents was seeking treatment at the nearby clinic (58.1%), followed by self-healing (38.7%) and self-purchase of medication from a local shop (3.2%). Concerning attitude towards malaria transmission, 69.1% and 24.3% of the respondents reported entering nearby forests and spending the night in the forest within the last six months, respectively. Conclusion: This study found that most respondents living in the villages have an acceptable level of knowledge and awareness about malaria. Nevertheless, the positive attitudes and practices concerning malaria prevention measures against malaria require marked improvement. Therefore, new approaches to improving malaria KAP evidently need in this community.
Model study on chicken embryos to investigate potential teratogenic risk of wild birds due to pesticide and environmental contaminant
Authors: Lehel József , Szemerédy Géza , Szabó Rita , Major László , Grúz Adrienn , Budai Péter 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Single and simultaneous toxic effects of glyphosate (Amega Up, 360 g/L, 4%) and copper sulphate (0.01%) were studied on avian embryos treated with injection directly into the air chamber or by immersion application for 30 minutes on day 0 of incubation. Alterations of the chicken embryos were evaluated during the necropsy performed on day 19 of incubation including the mortality, the body weight, and the type of developmental abnormalities. Based on the results, the injection application was to be more toxic than the immersion method, induced increasing of mortality and decreasing of body weight, and the incidence of the congenital anomalies was more frequent. Supposedly, an additive-type toxicodynamic interaction was occurred between the copper sulphate and glyphosate that may result in reduced vitality of the embryos and thus the number of offspring of wild-life birds.
Overexpression of SlMBP22 in Tomato Affects Flower Morphology, Fruit Set and Development
Authors: Li Fenfen , Jia Yanhua , Chen Xinyu , Zhou Shengen , Xie Qiaoli , Hu Zongli , Chen Guoping 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
MADS-domain transcription factors have been clarified as key regulators involved in proper flower and fruit development in angiosperms. Bs genes, as members of the MADS-box subfamily, have been suggested to play an important role during the evolution of the reproductive organs in seed plants. Our knowledge about their effects on reproductive development in fruit crops like tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), however, is still unclear. Here, we found that the overexpression of SlMBP22 (SlMBP22-OE) resulted in considerable alterations regarding floral morphology, and affected the expression levels of several floral homeotic genes. Further analysis by yeast-two-hybrid assays demonstrated that SlMBP22 could form dimers with class A protein MACROCALYX (MC) and with SEPALLATA (SEP) floral homeotic proteins TM5 and TM29, respectively. In addition, pollen viability and cross-fertilization assays suggested that the defect in female reproductive development was responsible for infertility phenotype observed in the strong overexpression transgenic plants. The mild overexpression transgenic fruits were reduced in size, as a result of reduced cell expansion, rather than impaired cell division. Additionally, overexpression of SlMBP22 in tomato not only affected proanthocyanidin (PA) accumulation but also altered seed dormancy. Taken together, these findings may provide new insights into the knowledge of Bs MADS-box genes in flower and fruit development in tomato.