bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Performance of Immunoassays to Measure Antibodies to the Chlamydia trachomatis Antigen Pgp3 in Different Epidemiological Settings for Trachoma
Authors: Gwyn Sarah , Nute Andrew W. , Sata Eshetu , Tadesse Zerihun , Chernet Ambahun , Haile Mahteme , Zeru Taye , Bethea Danaya , Laurent Christian , Callahan E. Kelly , Nash Scott D. , Martin Diana L. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT.
Programs to eliminate trachoma as a public health problem use prevalence of the clinical sign trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF) in 1- to 9-year-olds in endemic districts to make decisions to begin or end mass drug administration with azithromycin. Trachomatous inflammation—follicular is used as a proxy for transmission of ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Long-term monitoring of previously endemic districts for recrudescence of ocular C. trachomatis infection would benefit from a simple blood test that could be integrated with other public health programs. In this study, we evaluated multiple tests to measure antibodies against the C. trachomatis antigen Pgp3—a multiplex bead assay (MBA), an ELISA, and two versions of a lateral flow assay (LFA)—in four districts of the Amhara region of Ethiopia with varying levels of TF. Seroprevalence and seroconversion rate (SCR) results were proportional to TF prevalence by district for most tests, with the notable exception of the LFA using colloidal gold as the developing reagent. Changing the test developing reagent to black latex improved agreement between serological measures and TF prevalence and in inter-rater agreement. Seroconversion rate estimates using data derived from the LFA-gold assay were inconsistent with the shape of the age-seroprevalence curve, which did not increase in older ages. These data revealed potential complications with using SCR that will need further evaluation. Data from MBA, ELISA, and LFA with the black test line showed good agreement with each other and proportionality to TF estimates, providing further data that serology has potential utility for trachoma surveillance.
Potential of Shallow Groundwater for Household Level Irrigation Practices in Tahtay Koraro Woreda, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Hagos Ermias , Girmay Amare , Gebreyohannes Tesfamichael 
Published: August 2021

This paper deals with the results of a pilot study conducted to estimate the shallow groundwater resource potential and irrigation capacity at the household level in Tahtay Koraro Woreda, northwestern zone of Tigray, Ethiopia. The potential evapotranspiration and actual evapotranspiration of the study area are estimated to be 1484 mm/year and 814 mm/year respectively. The runoff is approximately calculated to be 280 mm/year and the annual groundwater recharge is estimated to be 29 mm/year. The total annual groundwater abstraction for human, livestock, and irrigation is estimated to be 25 mm/year. It should be noted that the groundwater recharge rate is expected to remain constant while the total annual groundwater discharge is expected to increase from year to year. This relation when projected over a long period may result in a negative groundwater budget which can result in depletion of groundwater (lowering of groundwater levels), reduced baseflow to streams, and deterioration of water quality. The computed values for hydraulic conductivity of the aquifers range from 1.63 m/day to 7.27 m/day with an average value of 4.9 m/day and transmissivity from 48.9 m2/day to 218.1 m2/day with an average value of 147.14 m2/day. The aquifers in the highly weathered basalt and highly weathered siltstone – sandstone intercalation have transmissivity values ranging from 99 m2/day to 218.1 m2/day with an average value of 157 m2/day and are grouped into the moderate potentiality aquifers category. The aquifers in the slightly weathered and fractured metavolcanics grouped under low potentiality based on the lower transmissivity values (<50 m2/day). The study area has low to moderate groundwater potentiality, hence, large-scale groundwater pumping is not possible. Therefore, the current activity of using hand dug wells for household-level irrigation is the best way of using groundwater for irrigation and other uses as well. Increasing the depth of the existing hand dug wells that are constructed in highly weathered basalt and highly weathered siltstone – sandstone intercalation can also enhance the yield of the hand dug wells. It is recommended to use water-saving irrigation technologies rather than increasing the number of wells. This will also help in increasing the irrigation area. Groundwater recharge enhancement structures such as trenches, percolation ponds, and check dams be constructed in scientifically selected localities to further enhance the groundwater potential.
Negociação coletiva dos petroleiros em tempos de crise
Authors: Cavalcante Gabriel 
Published: August 2021

A presente pesquisa tem como foco de análise a avaliação de como evoluíram as negociações coletivas firmadas entre trabalhadores petroleiros e a Petrobrás no período recente. Aponta-se a seguinte questão de análise: Como se desenvolveram os direitos negociais dos trabalhadores petroleiros no período recente de crise nacional? Nesse sentido, a pesquisa cobre um período de análise em que houve severa retração da economia brasileira. A pesquisa tem uma perspectiva de análise qualitativa, utilizando-se como instrumento de observação entrevistas realizadas pelo autor e o próprio texto normativa das negociações coletivas. Ainda em questão de metodologia é uma pesquisa de análise histórica e de interpretação de conteúdo, tanto do conteúdo das negociações quanto das entrevistas realizadas. Justifica-se a presente pesquisa em razão da contemporaneidade da questão da produção de petróleo no âmbito da crise ocorrida no Brasil a partir de 2014. Utilizaremos como base de pesquisa autores que discutem a negociação em sentido jurídico, como por exemplo Godinho Delgado e Sayonara Grillo. Por outro lado, basearemos a pesquisa também em autores que discutem a categoria petroleira, tais como Caldeira Brant e Francisco de Oliveira. Por fim, nosso recorte teórico a respeito da categoria trabalho tem como base elaborações derivadas da obra de György Lukács.
La escolaridad de los padres como modelo a seguir en los estudiantes de traducción
Authors: Godínez José Cortez- 
Published: August 2021

RESUMEN
En esta comunicación, resultado de un estudio exploratorio longitudinal finalizado en 2013, registramos cómo el grado de estudios de los padres de los estudiantes de traducción “modelaˮ sus aspiraciones profesionales y la adquisición de estatus dentro de la sociedad. Los sujetos, en su desarrollo académico buscan emular al menos el grado de estudio de aquellos, o superarlo. Durante la medición de las variables, de una matriz adaptada, de la competencia traductora (PACTE 2000, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2014 y 2019), en los estudiantes del nivel intermedio de la Facultad de Idiomas-Mexicali, México, descubrimos que existe una correlación cuantitativa entre el estatus educativo de los padres (con grado universitario o mayor) y las futuras aspiraciones de desarrollo profesional de los estudiantes de traducción. En el proceso, encontramos que el nivel universitario en alguno de los padres influye en los estudiantes de manera positiva como motivación extrínseca, modelando sus deseos de autorrealización y estatus. El fenómeno, lo caracteriza Bandura (1987) como el comportamiento que se aprende del medio ambiente a través de un proceso de aprendizaje observacional y creemos, que si se establece esta influencia, se pueden buscar mecanismos de apoyo para reforzar el desarrollo de la competencia traductora en el aula por parte del instructor.

ABSTRACT
In this communication, which is the result of a longitudinal exploratory study completed in 2013, we record how the parents of translation students model them in their professional aspirations and the acquisition of status within society. The subjects, in their academic development, seek to emulate at least their parents´ level of education, or surpass it. The measured variables are part of an adapted matrix of the translation competence (PACTE 2000, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2014, and 2019). During the applied procedures to the intermediate level students of the Language School-Mexicali Campus, Mexico, we found that there is a quantitative correlation between the educational status of the parents (with a university degree or higher) and the future aspirations for professional development of the translation students. In the process, we found that a parent's university level influences students positively as an extrinsic motivation, shaping their desires for self-realization and status. The phenomenon is characterized by Bandura (1987) as behavior that is learned from the environment through a process of observational learning. We believe that if this influence is established, support mechanisms can be sought to reinforce the development of translation competence in the classroom by the instructor.
Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Chudzaifah Ibnu , Hikmah Afroh Nailil , Pramudiani Auliya 
Published: August 2021

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat dalam bentuk riset, pengajaran dan pengabdian secara langsung di masyarakat merupakan bagian penting yang tak terpisahkan dalam dunia kampus. Tridharma perguruan tinggi dalam bentuk pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Makbalim Kabupaten Sorong. Selama kurang lebih 3 bulan.
Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah audiensi, sosialisasi dan pendampingan. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini selain untuk memberikan tenaga dan ilmu pengetahuan, juga merupakan wujud nyata pengabdian kepada masyarakat setempat. Akademisi harus mampu menjadi motivator dan Suritauladan yang baik bagi masyarakat untuk membawa perubahan yang lebih baik berguna dalam rangka mengembangkan Sumber Daya Manusia maupun Sumber Daya Alam di lingkungan masyarakat demi mewujudkan kesejahteraan bangsa. Pengabdian ini juga mempunyai tujuan diantaranya menjalin hubungan kerjasama antara lembaga perguruan tinggi masyarakat dan pemerintah daerah setempat, sehingga penanganan di berbagai bidang pembangunan terlaksana dengan baik dan maksimal demi membangun peradaban khususnya di Indonesia Timur.
Program pengabdian ini telah disusun dengan sebaik mungkin baik itu program yang bersifat fisik maupun non-fisik yang berbentuk dalam kegiatan individu dan kelompok. Kegiatan-kegiatan tersebut dapat berjalan dengan baik dan optimal walaupun mendapatkan beberapa hambatan
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO CONTROLE INTERNO NO PLANEJAMENTO ADMINISTRATIVO NA GESTÃO PÚBLICA MUNICIPAL
Authors: Alves Bernadete Aparecida , Oliveira Realdo De 
Published: August 2021

O objetivo proposto para a realização desta pesquisa, com abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, é demonstrar a importância e a contribuição do controle interno no planejamento administrativo na gestão pública municipal, como principal instrumento de controle na busca da eficiência da operacionalização das atividades desenvolvidas no sistema de controle interno na administração pública municipal. O princípio do Interesse Público nada mais é do que a obrigatoriedade imposta ao Administrador Público de agir de forma a atender aos interesses das sociedades. Esta pesquisa também propõe contextualizar aos aspectos da legislação constitucionais aos sistemas de controle interno, analisando a devida aplicação no âmbito da Administração Pública Municipal. Para atender o objetivo desta pesquisa, foi analisado o desempenho e a execução das atividades do sistema de Controle Interno do Município de Criciúma/SC. O sistema de Controle Interno possui um grande poder e dever de contribuir para a identificação dos problemas e com os processos decisórios que resultam em ações de melhorias para a sociedade. Com o advento da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal as práticas administrativas ficaram mais transparentes, com maior participação popular nas decisões que permitem o controle social da aplicação de recursos públicos. Uma gestão responsável requer métodos de controle e avaliação eficientes baseados em dispositivos legais próprios, para que produzam os efeitos jurídicos pertinentes. Apresenta-se formas de organização e sistematização sobre a importância do controle interno, assim como as dificuldades para estabelecer e cumprir a legislação em forma de controles eficazes no setor público municipal. A sugestão de medidas para que se estabeleça uma integração entre o sistema de controle interno e as unidades de controle da Administração Pública.
NGHIÊN CỨU TUYỂN CHỌN VÀ ĐỊNH LOẠI CHỦNG LỢI KHUẨN LÊN MEN LACTIC TỪ QUẢ SIM (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa)
Authors: Hoàng Thị Lệ Thương , Trần Thị Thanh Vân , Ma A Sim 
Published: August 2021

Cây sim mọc tự nhiên ở hầu hết các thôn trên địa bàn xã Côn Lôn, ngoài các giống phổ biến trên địa bàn nghiên cứu thì Rhodomyrtus tomentosa hiếm gặp hơn. Ở địa phương, quả sim được sử dụng chủ yếu nhiều để ngâm rượu, ăn tươi bên cạnh các sản phẩm chế biến từ quả như mứt sim, mật sim, vang sim. Dịch ép quả sim có hàm lượng tanin, hàm lượng vitamin C cao, có ý nghĩa lớn trong kháng khuẩn. Sử dụng các phương pháp nghiên cứu đặc thù chúng tôi đã phân lập được 5 chủng lactic kí hiệu từ L1-L5. Định danh chủng L5 bằng việc giải trình tự 16S rADN của chủng kết quả thu được Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) thuộc chi Lactiplantibacillus, đặt tên chủng là: L. plantarum L5.
Concept of multinational cuisine in the public catering modernization system of Kazakhstan
Authors: Nazikova Zh. A. , Chernyavskaya N. P. , Mukhanova G. K. 
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the researchis to establish and develop eﬀective concepts in the catering industry, their constant adaptation in accordance with modern trends is necessary for the survival of the company in a competitive market. One of the simple and popular concepts, regardless of the format of the institution, is the national cuisine. At the same time, this concept was transformed into an independent direction in Kazakhstan due to the peculiarities of the social and cultural development of the country. This concept is still not fully understood, does not have a clearly deﬁned deﬁnition, description of the features of the components. In this regard, the purpose of the research is to study the features of the concepts of public catering establishments of various formats on the example of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the city of Taraz, in particular, and, on this basis, to study the reasons for the emergence, success factors and prospects for the development of a unique concept of multinational cuisine, taking into account global trends.Methodology. The study used a systematic analysis of the concepts of public catering establishments, analysis of the results of scientiﬁc research, Internet sources and media materials, developed a questionnaire, interview form, collected and analyzed the results of the survey with various target groups: business communities, employees and visitors of food establishments with coverage of more than 60 % of the city's establishments.Originality / value of research –complex factors inﬂuencing the development, development and success of the concepts of public catering establishments of various formats are investigated. The possibilities of developing ideas for branding based on the study of socio-cultural criteria and demand characteristics are shown.Findings –the reasons for the emergence and trends in the development of a unique trade oﬀer in Kazakhstan – the concept of multinational cuisine. The factors that must be considered when creating and promoting the concept of public catering establishments are studied and taken into account. The features of the concept of multinational cuisine and positive factors of development corresponding to modern trends are named.
Integrating Technology to Increase Graduate Employability Skills: A Blockchain Case Study in Property Law Teaching
Authors: Cantatore Francina , Galloway Kate , Parsons Louise 
Published: August 2021

The discourse of graduate employability skills includes emphasis on digital capabilities. Digital capabilities encompass an understanding of the new and emerging technologies that are driving significant change in business, government and society and by implication, the critical and creative thinking skills to integrate these contexts with the law. By contrast, the accredited law curriculum remains focussed on doctrine thus frequently relegating consideration of law and technology to discrete (elective) subjects. Further, the default method of teaching and learning doctrine remains a case method approach using hypothetical problems. Such an approach to curriculum is, at best, neutral about the relevance of new technologies and the skills required to analyse them in a legal context with consequences for contemporary and likely future employer expectations for law graduates to be prepared for practice. This article first establishes the imperative to incorporate digital contexts into the core law curriculum as a means of providing students with foundational skills for a changing workplace. Secondly, it presents the case for an enhanced approach to teaching legal problem solving. Beyond the backward-looking hypothetical fact scenario, it suggests that a future focused analytical mindset is integral to the lawyer’s suite of thinking tools. Finally, it provides a case study of a critical—and doctrinal—analysis of a recent proposal to fractionalise lots in a Torrens system in tandem with a blockchain. The case study illustrates the application of an enhanced problem-solving approach. It shows how the broader context of new technologies might be integrated into property law teaching through prospective problem-solving.
DETECTION OF DRUG MEDICATION ERRORS OF NURSING STUDENTS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS THROUGH A HOSPITAL SIMULATION
Authors: TUNCAY Suat , SAHİN Ayse , AKÇA Kamile , ARIKAN Duygu 
Published: August 2021

Objevtive: This study aimed to detect nursing students’ drug medication errors in pediatric patients.
Methods: The study used a comparative descriptive research design and was carried out after the necessary ethical and official permissions had been obtained. The universe of the research consisted of the students of Faculty of Nursing. The sample of the study included 94 students (third year n=47 and fourth year n=47). A laboratory of the Faculty of Nursing was simulated as a room where a nurse provides treatment. The students who participated in the study with the determined drug order were asked to prepare the drugs with the most appropriate technique, and they were observed by the researchers. Data were collected one by one by the researchers using a drug medication errors checklist prepared by the researchers.
Results: The third year students did not consider dry powder dosage and obtained the lowest score (X̄=0.68). The fourth year students did not attach the right label on the drug taken and received the lowest score (X̄=0.42). The third year students were more successful in attaching the right label on the remaining drug (p=0.20) and the fourth year students were more successful in observing aseptic rules (p=0.03). Students in both groups ignored dry powder dosage of the drug in total and earned the lowest score from this practice (X̄=0.64).
Conclusion: Drug medication errors committed by the students in both groups were high, and the students did not consider dry powder dosage when reconstituting the drug.
2021/24 Supreme Court confirms that Uber drivers are ‘workers’ (UK)
Authors: Leckey Colin 
Published: August 2021

2021/24 Supreme Court confirms that Uber drivers are ‘workers’ (UK)
The Supreme Court (SC) has unanimously decided that drivers engaged by Uber are workers rather than independent contractors. It also decided that drivers are working when they are signed in to the Uber app and ready to work.
Foreign policy and its features of Mr. Battulga Khaltmaa, The Fifth president of Mongolia
Authors: Dashdorj Bayarkhuu 
Published: August 2021

It should be noted that this article is not written for Mr. Kh.Battulga, who resigned, but for the sixth President of Mongolia, Mr. U.Khurelsukh, who is the successor of Mr. Battulga and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Relying on the following facts, this article explains in detail how Mr. Battulga kept the consistency of foreign policy long pursued by the Mongolian “statehood” in a right, optimal and resource-saving manner while in office. The author hopes that this article will be read by the next President of Mongolia and his Office in the sense that
Mongolia’s foreign policy has been consistent and the right beginning should be continued.

Монгол Улсын тав дахь Ерөнхийлөгч Х.Баттулгын гадаад бодлого, түүний онцлог
Хураангуй: Энэхүү өгүүллийг албаа өгсөн ноён Х.Баттулгад зориулаагүй, түүний халааг авч буй зургаа дахь Ерөнхийлөгч ноён У.Хүрэлсүх болон түүний өнгөн дээр ажиллах Засгийн газар, ялангуяа ГХЯ-нд зориулж бичсэнийг ойлгон хүлээн авах биз ээ. Ноён Х.Баттулга дөрвөн жил ажиллахдаа Монгол Төрийн гадаад бодлогыг зөв, оновчтой, зарим талаар хэмнэлттэй үргэлжлүүлсэн гэдгийг дор баримтаар дэлгэрэнгүй өгүүллээ. Тэнцвэрийг хаа хаанаа зөв барьж чадсан гэж үзлээ. Монгол Улсын гадаад бодлого залгамж шинжтэй, зөв эхлэлийг зөв өвлөх гэдэг утгаар дараагийн шинэ Төрийн тэргүүн, түүний Тамгын газарт энэхүү өгүүлэл хүрэх болтугай!
Зангилаа үгс: Монгол Улсын Ерөнхийлөгч, Х.Баттулга, гадаад бодлого, олон талт форумыг гадаад харилцаанд ашиглахуй
Country-specific approaches to combating the pandemic; governance capacity
Authors: Namsraidorj Gerelt-Od 
Published: August 2021

During the most severe pandemic period in the last hundred years every country is handling it with their own approach. The pandemic reveals the differences among them in terms of leadership and strengths and weaknesses of the countries’ governance. What type of management has proved effective in this time of pandemic and what has not? This research examines whether it is related to the political regimes by country (form of governance); the pandemic management is compared across the countries with democratic, authoritarian and totalitarian regimes, as well as unique approaches taken by the countries.

Улс орнуудын цар тахалтай тэмцэж буй арга барил, засаглалын чадамж
Хураангуй: Дэлхийн түүхийн сүүлийн 100 жилд тохиож байгаагүй хамгийн их хохирол дагуулж байгаа цар тахлын хүнд үеийг улс орон бүр өөр өөрийнхөөрөө удирдан зохицуулж байна. Цар тахал улс орнуудын манлайлал, засаглалын ялгаатай байдал, түүний давуу болон сул талыг илрүүлж байна. Тэгвэл гамшгийн энэ цаг үед ямар менежмент хэрэгжүүлсэн нь амжилт олж, ямар нь амжилт олохгүй байна вэ? Энэ нь тухайн улсын улс төрийн дэглэмтэй (засаглалын хэлбэр) харилцан хамааралтай эсэхийг ардчилсан, авторитар болон тоталитар дэглэмтэй түүнчлэн бусдаас онцлог арга хэмжээ авч хэрэгжүүлж байгаа улс орнуудын цар тахлын менежментийн кэйсийг харьцуулан судаллаа.
Түлхүүр үг: Цар тахал, улс төрийн дэглэм, засаглал, менежмент