bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors analysis of depression in early stage of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Indriana N F , Abdullah S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second-most common neurodegenerative disease and affects about 2-3% of the population of age 65 years or over, worldwide. One of the symptoms that often occurs in patients with PD is depression in about 40-50% of them and is very common in early stages of the development of PD. Numerous studies have been conducted with various results in identifying risk factors for depression in PD patients. While, the mechanism of depression is not yet known in detail in PD patients. In this study, a decision tree method was used to differentiate PD patients who underwent depression from those who did not and identify risk factors associated with the depression. We propose the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling TEchnique (SMOTE) to handle imbalanced class in the data. Data on 257 patients with early stage of PD in the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database were used. The overall important risk factors associated with depression in patients with early-stage of PD are alpha synuclein (α-syn) levels, gender, SEADL (Schwab & England - Activities on Daily Living) score, STAI (State & Trait Anxiety Inventory) - State score, putamen binding ratio on the left side of the brain, RBDSQ (REM Sleep Behaviour Disorder-Questionnaire) score, and age when diagnosed with PD. The accuracy, precision, and recall of the model are 95.18%, 92.15%, and 94.12%, respectively. Moreover, the AUC and F1 score are 0.949, and 0.9312, respectively, supporting the high accuracy of the resulting model.
Improving student’s complex problem solving through LAPS-Talk-Ball learning integrated with interactive games
Authors: Asfar A M I T , Asfar A M I A , Sulastri S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
One of the competencies needed currently is non-routine competency in solving a complex problem. Students with complex problem solving will be able to identify the complex problem, understand to review related information, and create solutions for the problems. However, the improvement of complex problem-solving abilities lacks attention. This phenomenon occurs when students are given problem-solving, students have not been able to understand the problem, plan solutions, and provide solutions to problems. To overcome these problems, the LAPS-Talk-Ball learning model integrated with interactive games that guide the students in solving problems was implemented by using interactive games and speech balloons to stimulate each student to express their ideas. This research is quantitative experimental research to determine the success of the LAPS-Talk-Ball learning model integrated with android-based interactive games in training complex problem-solving students using saturated sampling and non-equivalent control group research designs. From the results of gain test results high improvement category, which means that the LAPS-Talk-Ball learning model integrated with android-based interactive games can train the complex problem-solving abilities of students.
Education as an important aspect to determine human development index by province in Indonesia
Authors: Zahroh S , Pontoh R S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a comparative measure of life expectancy, education, and standard of living in all countries over the world to classify whether a country is a developed country, a developing country, or even an underdeveloped country. Currently, science and technology are developing rapidly. In order to compete with other countries, Indonesia needs to improve the quality of education, which is one of the dimensions of HDI. In this study, the HDI in Indonesia and several aspects of education are grouped by provinces then it is compared whether the cluster of HDI formed has the same members as the cluster of several variables related to education in Indonesia. The goal is to observe if the quality of education in Indonesia might represent HDI. The clustering method that will be used is k-means clustering with average silhouette method to determine the optimal number of cluster. The results show different cluster in two groups of dataset means that the high index of human development does not determine the high quality of education in Indonesia. It indicates that the assessment of the quality of education needs to be continued both for regions with high HDI conditions and vice versa because the quality of education does not appear to be reflected in the high HDI.
Effect of ultrafine metal particles and their oxides on antioxidant enzyme activity, spike productivity and grain quality of spring soft wheat
Authors: Besaliev I N , Galaktionova L V , Panfilov A L , Churbakova S M , Reger N S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The results of field experiments in the scope of studying the effect of various options of ultrafine metal particles, their combinations, oxides on the content of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, malondialdehyde) as well as carotenoids in the tillering phases, stem elongation and spring wheat ear stage are presented. The influence of the above options on the formation of spike productivity (number of grains and grain weight per spike) and grain quality indicators (hardness, unit, gluten amount) are considered.
Adaptivity of leguminous crops in agricultural lands in the south of Central Siberia
Authors: Kadychegov A N , Idimeshev N V , Kadychegova A N , Kadychegov V A , Murtaev V N , Chebochakov E J , Chagin V V , Bessonova A V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To fully use the biological potential of a sertain breed, it must fit into the specific environmental conditions, which in each zone differ in their specific characteristics (fertility and agrophysical state of the soil, hydrothermal regimes, insolation indicators, etc.). Knowing the individual reaction (adaptability) of the breed will allow it to be used in specific agrolandscapes, where it will provide maximum returns. The parameters of ecological plasticity, stability and homeostaticity of four soybean breeds and four breeds of field peas under sharply continental conditions in the south of Central Siberia are defined as adaptability criteria. It has been established that the Yakhont pea breed and the Sibiryachka soybean breed are more demanding on high growing conditions. Ruslan and Kemchug pea breeds and SibNIIK 315 and Sibniiskhoz 6 soybean breeds showed a change in yield corresponding to a change in growing conditions. Radomir pea breed and Zaryanitsa soybean breed are recommended to be grown on an extensive background, where they will give maximum returns at a minimum cost. The soybean breeds SibNIIK 315 and Sibniiskhoz 6 and the pea breed Kemchug were distinguished by their homeostatic index. They are characterized by lower yield variability with its high expression. Significant differences in yield stability, both of soybean and pea breeds were not observed, since Fф < F05.
Influence of growing environment on potato tubers quality
Authors: Starovoitova O A , Mute A N , Manoquina A A , Starovoitov V I , Makarenkoff D A , Nazarov V I , Nasibov H N O 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of innovative drugs: sulfur-containing and microelements in chelated form: iron, zinc, manganese, copper, molybdenum, cobalt, boron, on the yield and quality of potato tubers of medium ripe variety Kolobok. The research was carried out in 2016–2017 on sod-podzolic sandy loamy soil. The field experience, records and observations were made in accordance with the requirements of the field experience methodology and the Potato Culture Research Methodology. On average, over two years, the use of the preparation with S content in chelate form increased the yield by 3.7 t/ha (14.2 %). Application of the preparation with the content of trace elements Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo, Ko, B in chelate form – by 3.5 t/ha (13.5 %). The content of nitrates on the variants with the use of sulfur-containing preparation was 201 mg/kg; the content of the preparation with trace elements was 230 at 245 mg/kg on the control variants. The lowest darkening of raw pulp on a scale of nine points was found on variants with S – 6.83 points (+1.83 or +36.6 %). On variants with the use of the preparation containing microelements, the average value of darkening of raw pulp of tubers was 6.75 points (+1.75 or +35.0 %). Tubers of the variant with the use of the preparation with S – 6.25 points turned out to be tastier. The data obtained may be of interest to specialists growing potatoes for industrial processing, for example, for mashed potatoes, vacuuming of peeled raw potatoes.
Processing of specific growth of various potato varieties under drip irrigation in Lower Volga region
Authors: Dubenok N N , Melikhov V V , Novikov A A , Bolotin D A , Vasilyuk D I 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The analysis of the state of the potato industry in the Lower Volga region is made. The heat and moisture supply and soil conditions of the region and their compliance with the biological characteristics of potato plants are estimated. The object of research is the planting of potatoes of promising varieties under drip irrigation. The aim of the research is the formation of water regimes of the soil and production processes of various varieties of potatoes during drip irrigation in years with different weather conditions for vegetation periods. The patterns of irrigation, water consumption and productivity of summer plantings of seed potatoes are established. The most productive studied variety is Zhuravinka of the Belarusian selection, planting of which forms the tuber yield from 36.07 to 43.10 t/ha, Roko of the Dutch selection with a yield of 32.86–41.13 t/ha and Golubizna of domestic selection with that of 33.06–39.81 t/ha of tubers.
Prediction of fecundity of livestock by the level of adaptability in the ecological and climatic conditions of the Southern Urals
Authors: Belkov G I 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of studies on the natural resistance of castrated bull calves of Simmental breed in the Southern Urals and half-blood Holstein crossbreeds. The aim of the present study was to determine the adaptability of purebred and cross-breeding animals to a sharply continental climate when keeping them in an open feeding area. Assessment of the body’s response to the influence of negative air temperatures was carried out according to the indicators of the natural resistance of the humoral and cellular parts of the immune system and hair condition – regularity of its shift, length, density and fractional composition. Significant differences in the determined indicators were revealed both depending on the genotype and on the season of the year. Simmentals exceeded their cross-breed peers in hair density from 1 cm2 of skin, weight, and hair length. These differences are most pronounced in winter. Assessment of the humoral link of natural resistance showed significant intergroup differences. Simmental bull calves exceeded cross-breed peers in bactericidal blood activity depending on the season of the year by 1.28–2.87 %, in terms of lysozyme content – by 2.9–7.1 %. Intergroup differences were also revealed in the assessment of cellular factors of natural resistance. In spring, the activity of neutrophils increased in comparison with autumn and winter months in Simmental bull calves 6.4 and 7.3 times. The highest value of the phagocytic index was noted in winter period – 11.4–11.9 %. In summer, it decreases slightly. Intergroup differences in these indicators are slightly expressed.
Features of technological approaches to the calf bull housing of different eco-geographical populations
Authors: Jaimysheva S S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The study of skeletal peculiarities was carried out on Simmental and Limousin bull calves and their cross breeds. The control slaughter of 3 bull calves of different genotypes was carried out at 20 months of age: I – Simmental, II – Limousin, III – 1/2 Limousin x 1/2 Simmental, IV – 3/4 Limousin x 1/4 Simmental, V – 7/8 Limousin x 1/8 Simmental. The fresh axial bones were weighed on a counter balance with the accuracy up to 1 g. The purebred Simmental bull calves (I g) were superior to Limousin herdmates (II g) both in weight of the whole skeleton and in its separate parts. This weight advantage of the entire skeleton made 0.49 kg, including the total axial skeleton weight – by 0.19 kg; in the weight of the whole peripheral skeleton – by 0.3 kg.
Influence of environmental conditions and technology of cultivation on the morphological structure of the testes of bull calves of three breeds in beef production
Authors: Kayumov F G , Tretyakova R F , Shevlyuk N N 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
One of the main indicators of the successful adaptation of an organism to environmental conditions is a good reproductive ability of gobies. After all, the fertilizing ability of sperm is the most important quality indicator. Different breeds of animals are not equally resistant to environmental influences. In some, the changes are relatively superficial, in others, they lead to a significant change in the physiological functions of the body. Scientific research was carried out in the SPK PZ “Druzhba” Apanasenkovsky district, which is one of the driest regions of the Stavropol Territory, with a sharply continental climate. The histology, immunohistochemistry and morphometry of the testes (6 animals of each breed) of 18-month-old bulls of the Hereford, Kazakh white-headed and Kalmyk cattle breeds were influenced by climatic factors. The results of the study showed that 18-month-old bulls of all three studied breeds of cattle have full-fledged spermatogenesis. Structural elements of the connective tissue part of the wall of convoluted tubules demonstrated morphological equivalents of the integrity of the hematotesticular barrier. The proportion of tubules with pronounced destruction of spermatogenic epithelium was 2–3 percent. The diameter of the convoluted seminal tubules in animals of all breeds was more than 200 microns. The population of Leydig cells was characterized by a variety of cell forms, the predominant being rounded and polygonal cells with light nuclei and well-developed cytoplasm. The morphology of Leydig cells indicated their ability to actively synthesize sex hormones. A comparative analysis of the testes of gobies of the three studied breeds did not reveal any pronounced breed differences in the structure of the male sex glands of these animals. This indicates that the morphofunctional characteristic of the testes is a stable and conservative indicator, which changes little in the course of selection work.
Comparative analysis of various technologies of breedings of horses
Authors: Lebedeva L F , Atroshchenko M M , Naumenkova VA , Solodova E V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of studies to assess the effect of natural mating and artificial insemination with frozen semen on the duration of the service period in mares. The research is aimed at determining the optimal technology to improve the reproductive qualities of horses. The pregnancy rate of 716 breeding mares in 1093 estrus cycles after natural mating (NM) (534 mares, 850 cycles) or artificial insemination with frozen semen (AIfs) (182 mares, 243 cycles) at the foal heat and three subsequent cycles, at the end of the year, per one cycle and the level of pregnancy lost were calculated. The results showed that in the NM program the most part of mares (>80 %) were covered at the first cycle with the lowest level of pregnancy (44.7 %) and the highest level of embryonic losses (12.6 %). In subsequent cycles, the efficiency of NM significantly (p<0.001) increased (up to 80–90 % pregnancy rate at the fourth cycle), and the percentage of embryonic death decreased to 0 %. In the AIfs group of mares, obviously with more careful monitoring of uterus condition after foaling, only 30 % of them were selected for insemination with frozen semen at the foal heat with results similar to the pregnancy level of NM at the first cycle (43–52 %). It was concluded that NM and AIfs at the foal heat in mares are advisable and can provide the normal pregnancy rate if a qualified control of the genital tract condition is ensured after parturition.
Application of new technologies to assess the effectiveness of feed materials for ruminants
Authors: Ryazanov V A , Duskaev G K , Rakhmatullin Sh G , Miroshnikov I S , Miroshnikova K P , Inchagova K S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The study presents the results of the influence of coconut and flaxseed oils by the in-vitro method on the microbiome of scar fluid in young cattle. During the experiment, a decrease in the number of bacteria for Firmicutes phylum by 37.2 and 35.2 % using vegetable oils with the control sample and growth for the large phylum Bacteroidia, the bacterial abundance was higher than in control by 28.1 and 25.1 % for coconut and flaxseed oils, respectively. Also, the use of coconut and flaxseed oils has led to an increase in the number of bacteria for filum Candidatus Saccharibacteria and phylum Verrucomicrobia.
Innovative technology for growing potato minitubers on aerohydroponic devices
Authors: Khutinaev O Kh , Dzhioeva C G , Basiev S S , Kozayeva D P , Pliev I G 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Technologies for the production of minitubers use the controllable conditions of the created aerohydroponic device to automate the process at the stages of plant development. The developed new device maximizes the use of the area within 1 m2 and holds 60 pcs of potato plants. The device is an aerohydroponic module (AHM) designed specifically for growing minitubers in closed spaces. Such conditions make it possible to nourish plants and control each selected genotype during the growing season. The controlled device regulates the development processes of meristemic potato sprouts, conducts phenotypic observations in the winter and selects the best genotypes. The created device offers an opportunity to conduct observations in any terrain.
Research in regression models for the dependence of grain quality indicators on agrobiological factors
Authors: Besaliev I N , Parfenov D I , Bolodurina I P , Akimov S S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the impact of various agricultural and climatic factors on the yield of durum wheat in a continental climate. Among agrobiological factors, four were selected empirically; linear correlation was estimated by constructing multivariate regression models. The obtained regression equations for various indicators of quality are determined taking into account different rates of seeding. Based on the analysis of time series and the minimax criterion, the most optimal seeding rate for the coming period was determined.
Biologically active additives for cows as a factor in the production of environmentally friendly products in animal husbandry
Authors: Boyko T V , Chaunina E A , Buzmakova N A , Zharikova E A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The material presents the results of the analysis of the domestic market of feed additives for cows registered for use in Russia. It gives a brief overview of modern feed additives recorded in the state register following the international classification. Feed additives produced for cattle occupy an extensive segment among the entire range of registered feed additives - 54.3%. Among them, the zootechnical group occupies the largest part, it is 62.4%, followed by the technological group - 21.6%, then the nutritional group has 11.5%, and the group of flavouring (sensory) additives has 4.5%. Along with the use of synthetic feed additives, the authors emphasized the need to use additives of plant and natural origin in animal husbandry as a physiological source of biologically active substances closest to the animal organism, which allows obtaining environmentally friendly products of animal origin. They proposed a classification of feed additives according to the type of action on the body of cattle: affecting the functions of the central nervous system; affecting the processes of tissue metabolism; affecting mineral metabolism and the function of the musculoskeletal system; supporting functions of the immune system; affecting oxidation processes and energy metabolism; supporting functions of the digestive system; affecting lactation; affecting the detoxification process and contributing to the elimination of foreign and toxic substances from the body. The article systematizes the main indications for the use of FA: metabolic diseases - ketosis, hepatosis, myocardial dystrophy, alimentary dystrophy, osteodystrophy; immunodeficiencies; dysbiosis; intoxication.
The influence of treatment methods on agrophysical soil properties and old Eastern galega stand root development
Authors: Nechunaev M A , Falaleeva L V , Zabolotnova M V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
All mechanical effects are primarily aimed at improving soil conditions and the root system. Different treatment methods with different types of working organs affect the fractional composition of particles, agrophysical soil properties, and the ability to restore the root system of old-age, degraded stands of perennial grasses with a root-shoot root system. The article presents data on the results of three field experiments (2017–2019). An analysis of the fractional composition of soil with various cultivation methods was carried out, and the relationship between the number of first-order roots of the eastern goat grass stand and agrophysical soil properties was identified. The maximum soil fraction was 7 and 10 mm when treating with a BDT aggregate in one track, the minimum percentage was observed when treating with a Leader aggregate in two tracks to a depth of 10–12 and 16–18 cm. The greatest “clumpiness” of fractions was revealed with a smaller number of treatments. The optimal soil conditions for the growth and development of the root system of old-age goat grass stands in the 0–20 cm layer were established during flat cutting. By the end of the growing season, the number of first-order roots increased from 15,000 to 22,000 thousand units/ha.
Exchange processes in the organism of goslings of different ages feeding with selenium-containing fodder supplement
Authors: Sukhanova S F , Kurskaya Yu A , Bischokov R M , Temiraev R B 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Blood counts vary significantly under the influence of feeding and keeping conditions. According to hematological indicators, one can determine the degree of metabolism in the body. The studies were aimed to identify the effect of selenium-containing feed supplement Bio-Sorb-Selenium on hematological indicators of goslings at different age periods (one-day-old goslings, 30 day-old and 60 day-old goslings). It was established that in one-day old goslings the morphological composition of blood was within the physiological norm and no difference between the groups was observed. At the age of 60 days, the goslings of the control group had less erythrocytes than ones of the experimental groups by 3.57 and 4.64 %, the hemoglobin content decreased by 4.37 and 7.28 %, the number of leukocytes – by 5.77 and 7.31 %, the total nitrogen content decreased by 3.73 and 7.41 %, the total protein content decreased by 5.67 and 7.21 %. The introduction of various dosages of Bio-Sorb-Selen into feed increased the content of calcium and inorganic phosphorus due to mineral components. The results obtained indicate the active nature of redox processes in the body of goslings of the experimental groups and increased activity of the hematopoiesis apparatus due to the intensive growth of goslings.