bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher Sun Exposure in the First Trimester Is Associated With Reduced Preterm Birth; A Scottish Population Cohort Study Using Linked Maternity and Meteorological Records
Authors: Megaw Lauren , Clemens Tom , Daras Konstantinos , Weller Richard B. , Dibben Chris , Stock Sarah Jane 
Published: July 2021

Background: Preterm birth (birth at &lt;37 weeks gestation) is the leading cause of death in children under 5-years-old, and prevention is a global public health issue. Seasonal patterns of preterm birth have been reported, but factors underlying this have been poorly described. Sun exposure is an important environmental variable that has risks and benefits for human health, but the effects of sun exposure on pregnancy duration and preterm birth are unknown.Objectives: To determine the association between available sun exposure and preterm birth.Methods: We performed a population-based data-linkage study of 556,376 singleton births (in 397,370 mothers) at or after 24 weeks gestation, in Scotland between 2000 and 2010. Maternity records were linked to available sun exposure from meteorological records, by postcode. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between available sunshine and preterm birth at &lt;37 weeks gestation. Exploratory analyses included a subgroup analysis of spontaneous and indicated preterm births and a sibling analysis in sib pairs discordant for preterm birth.Results: The rate of preterm birth was 6% (32,958/553,791 live births). Increased available sun exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with a reduced risk of preterm birth, with evidence of a dose-response. Compared with the lowest quartile of sun exposure, the highest quartile of sun exposure was associated with a reduced odds ratio (OR) of preterm birth of 0.90 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.88–0.94 p &lt; 0.01) on univariable analysis and OR of 0.91 (95% CI 0.87, 0.93 p &lt; 0.01) after adjustment for second trimester sunlight exposure, parity, maternal age, smoking status, and deprivation category. No association was seen between preterm birth and second trimester available sun exposure or combined first and second trimester exposure. Similar patterns were seen on sibling analysis and within both the indicated and spontaneous preterm subgroups.Discussion: Available sun exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy is associated with a protective effect on preterm birth &lt;37 weeks gestation. This opens up new mechanisms, and potential therapeutic pathways, for preterm birth prevention.
Physical Activity Behavior and Mental Health Among University Students During COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Coakley Kathryn E. , Lardier David T. , Holladay Kelley R. , Amorim Fabiano T. , Zuhl Micah N. 
Published: July 2021

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic placed social, travel, school access, and learning restrictions on University students. Excessive restriction measures have been shown to have negative impacts on mental health. Physical activity preserves mental health, and may be useful during quarantines.Purpose: Explore physical activity and sedentary behavior and associations with depression and anxiety symptoms among University students during COVID-19 restrictions in the Fall 2020 semester.Methods: Six hundred and ninety-seven undergraduates (18–25 years) from a U.S. public University completed a cross-sectional survey in fall 2020. The survey included demographic questions, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 7 (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), and questions about meeting moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendations and sedentary behavior.Results: Forty-nine percent did not meet MVPA guidelines. Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (p = 0.002) and GAD-7 (p = 0.024) scores were higher among those who did not achieve MVPA. Sitting time (h/day) was a significant associated with depression (B = 0.29 (0.06), p &lt; 0.05, 95% CI = 0.18, 0.41) and anxiety (B = 0.24 (0.05), p &lt; 0.05, 95% CI = 0.13, 0.34) severity.Conclusion: Physical activity was associated with mental health among University students during COVID-19 lockdowns.
Prevalence of Larval Breeding Sites and Seasonal Variations of Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Makkah Al-Mokarramah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ali Elfadol Obeid Mohamed , Babalghith Ahmed Omer , Bahathig Adil Omer Saeed , Toulah Fawzia Hassan Suleiman , Bafaraj Turki Ghazi , Al-Mahmoudi Sameer Mohammed Yousef , Alhazmi Abdullah Mousa Fawaz , Abdel-Latif Mohamed E. 
Published: July 2021

Since 1994, dengue fever (DF) transmission rates have increased significantly in Saudi Arabia (KSA). Climatic, geographic, and demographic conditions make KSA especially suitable for DF’s spread. Still, there are insufficient strategies for controlling the Aedes species that transmit DF virus (DENV). To develop effective management strategies, it is necessary to identify Aedes species and the ecological habitat of larvae in Makkah Al-Mokarramah, KSA. We conducted a longitudinal survey of Aedes mosquitoes in 14 localities from January 2015 to December 2015. World Health Organization (WHO) inspection kits for larvae were used to detect and sample larvae, along with pictorial keys. A total of 42,981 potential Aedes larval breeding sites were surveyed. A total of 5403 (12.6%) sites had at least one water source positive for Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) mosquitoes. Among the total of 15,133 water sources surveyed within the sampled sites, 1815 (12.0%) were positive for Aedes aegypti. Aedes aegypti was the only Aedes species identified in the course of the survey. The presence of such a large immature population may indicate an imminent outbreak of DF in the near future unless proper implementation of control and elimination of Aedes aegypti are undertaken. Additionally, the adaptation of Aedes aegypti to the arid climate of Makkah needs further investigation.
Gross domestic product and its place in the state’s economic growth
Authors: Kovalenko Victoria 
Published: July 2021

The article analyzes the dynamics of changes in gross domestic product of Ukraine and other countries of the world during 1991–2019. The role of gross domestic product in the country’s economic growth is determined. The current level of gross domestic product of Ukraine in comparison with other countries has been defined. Gross domestic product indicator by purchasing power parity per capita (real gross domestic product) was used for comparative analyses. Attention is focused on the fact that both in Ukraine and in a number of European countries there is a positive trend regarding its growth. It is established that the functioning of the shadow economy, along with the legal one, leads to a significant reduction in the share of tax revenues in the structure of the country’s budget revenues, which endangers the implementation of important government programs. Assessment of gross domestic product by categories of final consumption and income has been carried out. It has been proven that the main burden of losses from the economic downturn is shifted to employees. A decrease in gross domestic product leads to a reduction in the share of wages. The dynamics of indicators of the ratio of internal and external debt to gross domestic product for the period 2006–2019 is analyzed. It is established that the peak period, which poses a threat to Ukraine’s ability to fulfill its obligations, falls on 2015–2017. It has been substantiated that the growth of real gross domestic product in Ukraine is insignificant. External and internal reasons for the slow growth of real gross domestic product are determined, in particular: a high level of corruption; war in the East; growth of inflation, NBU discount rate; low investment attractiveness of domestic enterprises; growth of external debt; deterioration of transport infrastructure; poor economic dynamics; lack of a country development strategy. The directions of solving the negative situation that has developed in the country are given, and the ways of increasing the growth rate of the gross domestic product are proposed
Strategic determinants of development in the energy services industry
Authors: Kuznetsova Inna 
Published: July 2021

The subject of the study is a theoretical provisions and practical recommendations for the development of the energy services industry on the basis of strategic determinants. The task of the study is to analyze the determinants of the energy services industry and identify the most influential of them, which are crucial in terms of strategy formation. The methodological basis of the study was a systematic analysis, which was used to assess the energy services industry and determine its development potential. The article reveals the functions of enterprises in the energy services industry. The relationship between the development of ESCO-enterprises and the state energy efficiency policy has been established. The main stages of development of ESCO-enterprises have been identified. The dynamics of the number of ESCO-contracts and the rating of the ESCO-mechanism by regions of Ukraine are analyzed. The structure of the energy services industry from the point of view of its strategic determinants is considered: the threat of substitution, the influence of suppliers, the influence of buyers, the threat of entry of new firms and competition between existing competitors. The segments in which the energy services industry is developing have been identified and characterized: the budget sphere, the housing sphere and industry. The potential of each segment in terms of industry development has been identified. The factors restraining the development of the energy services industry are systematized. Using the market concentration ratio and the Herfindahl-Hirschman index, it was found that the energy service market is moderately concentrated. Based on the model of the main types of the market, the conformity of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the energy service market to the signs of monopolistic competition has been determined. According to the results of the analysis, the greatest influence of the strategic determinant «rivalry between existing competitors» was determined. Recommendations for the formation of competitive strategies of energy service enterprises are given.
Denuncias éticas de médicos colegiados en Perú, 1991-2010: frecuencia y naturaleza
Authors: Sogi-Uematzu Cecilia , Cárdenas-Díaz Maximiliano , Zavala-Sarrio Salomón 
Published: July 2021

Introducción. El Colegio Médico del Perú (CMP), creado por la Ley N.º 15173 del año 1964, vela por el cumplimiento de las normas éticas de la profesión, específicamente, a través de su Comité de vigilancia ética y deontológica. En casos de infracción al código, el Consejo Nacional o el Consejo Regional respectivo pone fin al procedimiento disciplinario, imponiendo sanción o declarando la absolución del médico investigado, mediante una resolución. Objetivo. Describir la frecuencia y naturaleza de las denuncias éticas contenidas en las resoluciones del Consejo Nacional, en el período 1991-2010. Material y métodos. Se accedió a las resoluciones del Consejo Nacional. Se elaboró una ficha de recolección de datos; y se utilizaron el Excel para la base de datos y el SPSS versión 15 para el análisis de frecuencia. La naturaleza de las faltas éticas se estableció con base en el Código de ética y deontología del CMP (versiones 1970 y 2000). Resultados. En el primer decenio, las 84 resoluciones (24,8%) contenían 157 in fracciones al código, las más frecuentes fueron en el título relación médico paciente (35,7%). En el segundo decenio, las 253 resoluciones (75,2%) contenían 388 infracciones, las más frecuentes fueron en el título derechos del paciente (55%). Conclusiones. La frecuencia de las denuncias éticas se triplicó entre los dos decenios. La naturaleza de las trasgresiones al código fueron las mismas en los dos decenios, aunque su frecuencia varía por diferencias entre sus dos versiones (1970 y 2000).
Anthropological basis of formation modern criminal biopolitics
Authors: Bavsun Maksim 
Published: July 2021

Biopolitics begins to occupy more and more place in the modern understanding of the state about its possibilities in choosing the means necessary to exert the required influence on each individual and society as a whole. The limits of such possibilities, taking into account the knowledge accumulated by mankind in the past few decades, turned out to be truly unlimited, inevitably formulating the question of setting specific goals and objectives implied by the authorities. The function of control has always been inherent in the official power formation, and the problem of determining the limits of its implementation has also always been in the sphere of disagreements, forming various types of societies and states.
Biopolitics is a phenomenon of a fundamentally new order, capable of bringing the discussion of this problem to a previously inaccessible level. The criminallegal component of the presented issue is still on the sidelines, continuing to persistently ignore the ongoing processes, and especially the transformation of social relations, the analogs of which in terms of its scale in history are not so many.
However, it is criminal policy, through the introduction of biopolitical tools into circulation, that can have the greatest impact on the formation and implementation of the function of controlling individual human behavior and social relations in general. The function, which today is not typical for the criminal law sphere, is ultimately capable of acting as one of the main ones in the course of implementing this area of legal regulation.
Rheumatoid arthritis in a sickle cell patient: a dangerous association?
Authors: Diakité Fatoumata , Traoré Youssouf , Ali Touré Boubacari , Kodio Boureima , Touré Mohomedine , Touré Sidi , Sangaré Fanta , Diallo Seydou , Pamanta Ibrahima Sory , Cissé Idrissa Ahmadou 
Published: July 2021

Introduction - The diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis remains a challenge because sickle cell disease can result in various rheumatological manifestations, including joint and bone pain. The concomitant presence of rheumatoid arthritis and sickle cell disease makes the therapeutic management of both conditions problematic.
Observation - A 24-year-old man, a nurse by profession, has been followed for 10 years for homozygous sickle cell disease at the Sickle Cell Disease Research Center (CRLD) of Bamako, Mali. He has presented for 8 months symmetrical polyarthritis with morning stiffness of 3 hours, distinct from the usual vaso-occlusive crisis. The Analog Visual Scale was estimated at 80/100. He reported unquantified weight loss and asthenia. The physical examination showed a deformity in bilateral ulnar deviation, flexion of the right elbow, twelve painful joints, and five swollen joints. Normochromic normocytic anemia (hemoglobin 8.3g/dl), inflammatory syndrome with C - Reactive Protein (CRP) 130.91 mg, and Sedimentation Rate (ESR) 72mm at the first hour were noted. Rheumatoid Factor was weakly positive at 21.3 IU and Anti Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies at 385.2 IU. The radiography discovered bilateral erosive carpets without associated tarsitis and osteonecrosis of both femoral heads. The diagnosis of a very active immunopositive erosive rheumatoid arthritis meeting the criteria of ACR / EULAR 2010 was retained. A treatment based on prednisone 10 mg per day was initiated, associated with methotrexate at a dosage of 15 mg weekly in single-dose, folic acid, calcium, and vitamin D.
Conclusion - The coexistence of rheumatoid arthritis in sickle cell patients makes the diagnosis of polyarthritis difficult.
KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI MALAI DAN BUNGAPADA 14 GENOTIPE PADI LOKAL (Oryza sativa. L)KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI
Authors: Sahmanda Yuda , Okalia Deno , Ezward Chairil 
Published: July 2021

Indonesia memiliki plasma nutfah yang sangat besar, dengan jenis yang beraneka ragam. Keragaman genetik dapat diketahui melalui proses karakterisasi dan indentifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan mengkarakterisasi 14 genotipe padi lokal Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi berdasarkan morfologi malai dan bunga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengambilan sampel secara sengaja (purposive random sampling). Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi karakteristik 14 genotipe padi lokal yang ada di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi secara langsung ke lapangan. Pengamatan data dilakukan terhadap sampel berdasarkan panduan sistem karakterisasi dan evaluasi tanaman padi Komisi Nasional Plasma Nutfah (2003) dan Bioversity International, IRRI and WARDA(2007). Karakter yang diamati adalah karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif pada organ malai dan bunga. Data hasil pengamatan diolah dengan menggunakan software Ms. Excel dan (NTSYS-pc) version 2.02. Hasil penelitian diperoleh keragaman karakter morfologi malai dan daun, dimana pada koofisien kemiripan 71% terlihat hanya pada Padi Sironda putih (PL01) dengan Padi Ros (PL08).
O lugar social e a historiografia: A Farroupilha e a construção de seu sentido
Authors: Soares Fabrício Antônio Antunes , Muller Airton Adelar 
Published: July 2021

O presente trabalho quer examinar como o lugar social, da operação historiográfica, se articula com a construção de sentido narrativa da historiografia. Duas fontes bibliográficas foram selecionadas para tal investigação. Ambas são de períodos históricos específicos. Uma fonte é A História da República Rio-Grandense lançada em 1882 de J. F. de Assis Brasil, a outra é O Sentido e o Espírito da Revolução Farroupilha, de J. P. Coelho de Souza, publicada pela primeira vez em 1936. Portanto, o problema que norteia o artigo é saber como cada lugar social distinto contribuiu, em épocas diferentes, a sua maneira para a construção de sentido da Farroupilha. Por fim, o artigo infere que a operacionalidade do lugar social de produção da historiografia foi decisiva como elemento da constituição de sentido das narrativas sobre a Farroupilha nas duas fontes analisadas.
Cidade e jogo social: a atuação de funcionários da Intendência de Natal na gestão e no uso do patrimônio fundiário (1903-1919)
Authors: Siqueira Gabriela Fernandes de 
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o processo de apropriação e uso do patrimônio fundiário natalense associando-o à atuação da Intendência Municipal no início do século XX. Constatou-se que funcionários da Intendência utilizavam suas posições privilegiadas para beneficiar-se da política de concessão de terras, aforando grandes lotes, pagando foros inexpressivos, alienando terras por quantias não significativas do ponto de vista do capital econômico, fortalecendo os vínculos com as redes de poder e configurando um mercado pessoal de terras que envolvia a transação de diferentes tipos de capitais. Foram utilizados como fontes os jornais A Republica e Diário do Natal, leis e decretos estaduais, relatórios de intendentes, resoluções municipais, inventários, cartas de aforamento e dicionários biográficos.
O bazar corumbaense – análise das relações sociais que se estabelecem a partir do comércio de drogas ilegais na cidade de Corumbá fronteira com a Bolívia.
Authors: Oliveira Giovanni França 
Published: July 2021

A fronteira da conurbação de Corumbá-Ladário/Brasil - Puerto Quijarro/Puerto Suarez/Bolívia configura-se atualmente, segundo a Secretaria Nacional de Segurança Pública (SENASP) do Brasil, como umas das três principais portas de entradas de drogas ilícitas provindas da Bolívia, Peru e Colômbia. Este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar a formação, a estruturação do comércio de drogas ilícitas no varejo na cidade de Corumbá, a partir do trabalho etnográfico realizado entre os anos de 2010- 2014.
Investigation of Epstein-Barr Virus Antibodies by Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay Method in Patients of Different Age Groups: Evaluation of Atypical Serological Profiles
Authors: Duran Alev Çetin , Ati Tuğba Kula 
Published: July 2021

Objective: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can cause different clinical pictures from infectious mononucleosis (IM) to malignancies such as B-cell lymphomas, Burkitt’s lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma. VCA-IgM, VCA-IgG, EBNA-1 IgG antibodies are the most commonly used antibodies in revealing the serological profile. This study aimed to examine the serological profiles of patients with suspected EBV infection and to interpret the atypical profiles encountered.

Methods: The results of VCA-IgM, VCA-IgG, and EBNA-1 IgG antibodies studied in the Microbiology Laboratory between 2017-2019 were evaluated retrospectively. EBV serological tests (VCA-IgM, VCA-IgG, and EBNA-1 IgG) were performed according to the manufacturer’s recommendations using the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) method (Architect, Abbott, Wiesbaden, Germany).

Results: Of the 2486 patients evaluated, 1341 (53.9%) were male, 1145 (46.1%) were female, and the average age was determined as 16.93 ± 19.5. EBV past infection was detected in 56.65% of the cases, the acute infection was detected in 17.25%, and 21.09% did not encounter EBV. Atypical serological profile was detected in 5.01%. As an atypical profile, the most common positivity of three antibodies together (3.90%), then isolated VCA-IgG positivity (0.91%), and isolated EBNA-1 IgG positivity (0.20%) were determined. It was determined that 24.24% of the cases with an atypical profile were immunosuppressive patient.

Conclusions: The rate of encountering EBV in our study is 78.91%. The atypical EBV serological profile rate was found to be 5.01%. Approximately one-fourth of the cases with an atypical profile was found to be in the patient group with immune disorders. It is thought that antibody tests are not sufficient to determine the stage of infection, especially in these patient groups, and further tests should be performed. It has been demonstrated that serological monitoring is required for the interpretation of atypical profiles.

Keywords: Epstein-Barr virüs, serological tests, chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA), atypical serological profile
The Development of Mathematics Learning Module Based of Character
Authors: Akbar Alfiyan Ghifari , Rodliyah Iesyah 
Published: July 2021

This study aims to describe the results of the development of a character-based mathematics education module. This study uses a research model developed by Thiagarajan (1974) which is more popularly known as 4D (define, design, develop, dessiminate). However, due to the covid-19 virus pandemic, the research only reached the development stage. At the develop stage, a validation test and a readability test were carried out, for the module readability test was carried out by a small group test totaling six students. The results of this study indicate that the module has met the valid criteria. based on the results of the media validator score showed 68.3% with valid criteria. and the material validator shows a score of 8.9% with valid criteria, and the average score of the two validators is 76.1% which means that the module has been used to be used.

Keywords: learning module, character, triangle and quadrilateral
Identifikasi Kualitas Air Sumur, Air dalam Kemasan, dan Air Sungai dengan Metode Most Probable Number
Authors: Trisna Ayundita Ni Putu 
Published: July 2021

Air memiliki peranan yang sangat besar salah satunya untuk kebutuhan biologisnya, yaitu bertahan hidup. Masalah utama yang dihadapi berkaitan dengan sumber daya air adalah kualitas air. Penentuan kualitas air secara mikrobiologi dilakukan dengan Most Probable Number (MPN) Test. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 sampel yaitu air sumur, air dalam kemasan, dan air sungai. Air sumur mengandung Coliform dan Escherichia coli dengan jumlah yang sama yaitu 14 MPN/100 mL. Pada uji dugaan, air dalam kemasan menunjukkan hasil positif, namun saat diuji penetapan diperoleh hasil negatif. Sedangkan pada air sungai mengandung bakteri coliform lebih dari 1100 MPN/ 100 mL dan Escherichia coli sebanyak 11 MPN/ 100 mL. Sampel air minum dalam kemasan layak dikonsumsi sedangkan untuk sampel air sumur dan air sungai tidak layak dikonsumsi karena mengandung Coliform dan Escherichia coli.