bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tissue Engineering 3D‐Printed Scaffold Using Allograft/Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogels Coated With Platelet‐Rich Fibrin or Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction Induces Osteogenesis In Vitro
Authors: Baniameri Sahar , Aminianfar Hossein , Gharehdaghi Niusha , Yousefi‐Koma Amir‐Ali , Mohaghegh Sadra , Nokhbatolfoghahaei Hanieh , Khojasteh Arash 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIncorporating autologous patient‐derived products has become imperative to enhance the continually improving outcomes in bone tissue engineering. With this objective in mind, this study aimed to evaluate the osteogenic potential of 3D‐printed allograft‐alginate‐gelatin scaffolds coated with stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF). The primary goal was to develop a tissue‐engineered construct capable of facilitating efficient bone regeneration through the utilization of biomaterials with advantageous properties and patient‐derived products. To achieve this goal, 3D‐printed gelatin, allograft, and alginate scaffolds were utilized, along with stem cells derived from the buccal fat pad and human‐derived components (PRF, SVF). Cells were seeded onto scaffolds, both with and without SVF/PRF, and subjected to comprehensive assessments including adhesion, proliferation, differentiation (gene expression and protein secretion levels), penetration, and gene expression analysis over 14 days. The data was reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Two‐way or one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, followed by a Tukey post hoc test for multiple comparisons. Statistical significance was determined as a p value below 0.05. The scaffolds demonstrated structural integrity, and the addition of PRF coatings significantly enhanced cellular adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation compared to other groups. Gene expression analysis showed increased expression of osteogenic and angiogenic markers in the PRF‐coated scaffolds. These findings highlight the promising role of PRF‐coated scaffolds in promoting osteogenesis and facilitating bone tissue regeneration. This study emphasizes the development of patient‐specific tissue‐engineered constructs as a valuable approach for effective bone regeneration.
15‐Point versus pass/fail grading in orthodontic education: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bialas Marina Julia , Schmid Jonas Q. , Middelberg Claudius , Stamm Thomas , Blanck‐Lubarsch Moritz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesThere is a lack of evidence on whether a grading system or a pass/fail system influences manual skills in dental education. This parallel‐group randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the influence of a 15‐point grading system compared with a pass/fail evaluation on the quality of orthodontic appliances in dental education.MethodsPredoctoral dental students of three orthodontic courses (n = 139) were randomly assigned to either the test group (15‐point grading system) or the control group (pass/fail) using sealed envelopes. In both groups, the fabricated orthodontic appliances were assessed by five calibrated dentists using standard criteria. The primary outcome was the quality of the orthodontic appliances using a 15‐point grading system. Group differences were evaluated with Mann‐Whitney U tests and Fisher ́s exact tests.ResultsThe quality of the orthodontic appliances was slightly higher in the test group (n = 68) compared with the control group (n = 70) in all three courses with mean grading values of 11.63 ± 0.75 versus 11.59 ± 0.99, 10.96 ± 0.83 versus 10.85 ± 0.82, and 10.93 ± 1.15 versus 10.14 ± 1.03. However, a statistically significant difference was found only in course 3 (p = 0.0222). Female participants performed better than males in all three courses (p = 0.0207).ConclusionThe implementation of a 15‐point grading system has a positive impact on the quality of appliances in orthodontic education and can be recommended. However, the differences were small and clinically meaningful in only one of the three courses evaluated.
Exploring the Impact of Gender on the Characteristics and Complications of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: Patel Het , Elmer Joshua , Liaquat Hammad 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory process of the esophagus often associated with structural and motility problems. Previous studies have shown an increased prevalence in males over females, however there is little data exploring the risk of esophageal complications among genders, which may be indicative of differences in disease severity.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study using National Inpatient Sample data including adults hospitalized between 2016 and 2020 presenting with EoE. The primary outcome measured was inpatient complications related to the patient's history of EoE and secondary outcomes include demographics, comorbidities, month of presentation, and age of patients.ResultsOf the 21 755 patients with history of EoE, 112 260 (52%) were male and 10 495 (48%) were female. Males had higher rates of several EoE complications, including esophageal obstruction, food bolus, esophageal rupture, requiring esophageal dilation, requiring esophageal laceration repair with p < 0.05 for all. Higher rates of females with EoE were seen in the Black population (p < 0.05). We also found that males were most likely to have esophageal impaction and esophageal rupture in the month of March (p < 0.05). Esophageal impaction was more common in males ages 25–29 (p < 0.05), whereas females were more likely from age 75–79 (p < 0.05).ConclusionMales have an overall high rate of complication from EoE. There was a higher prevalence of females with EoE in the Black population although the rates of complication remained higher in males in this subpopulation. The month of March carries a risk of esophageal impaction and rupture pronounced particularly in men. Age also appears to have an influence on the rate of esophageal impaction.
Efficacy of Vonoprazan 10 mg and 20 mg for Patients With Proton Pump Inhibitor‐Refractory Functional Dyspepsia: A Double‐Blinded, Randomized Study
Authors: Bunchorntavakul Chalermrat , Jaigla Pantaree 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundA proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) have inadequate symptom control with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) treatment. Vonoprazan demonstrates higher efficacy in acid reduction than PPI; however, the existing efficacy data for vonoprazan in treating PPI‐refractory FD is limited.MethodsThis double‐blinded, randomized controlled trial study was conducted at Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok between December 2022 and 2023. Patients with FD who were unresponsive to the standard dose PPI were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either 10 mg or 20 mg of vonoprazan for a 4‐week duration, with a subsequent 4‐week follow‐up after treatment. The primary outcome was changes in the Global Overall Symptoms Scale (GOSS).ResultsSixty patients were randomized without significant differences in baseline characteristics between both groups. The mean GOSS between the 10‐mg vonoprazan and the 20‐mg vonoprazan arm were 25.73 and 26.17 at week 0, 14.33 and 15.50 at week 2, 9.37 and 10.04 at week 4, and 9.79 and 9.33 at week 8, respectively (all p < 0.001 vs. baseline and p > 0.05 between groups). The quality of life was improved, with the Nepean dyspepsia index changing −4.13 and −4.25 at week 4, respectively (all p < 0.001 vs. baseline; p = 0.853 between groups). Symptom response rates (> 50% improvement in GOSS) were 72.4% and 75.9% at week 8, respectively (p = 0.24 between groups). No serious adverse events were observed.ConclusionVonoprazan demonstrated significant effects in the alleviation of symptoms in PPI‐refractory FD patients. There was no statistically significant difference in symptom alleviation between the 10 mg and 20 mg doses of vonoprazan.
Extremal Problems for a Matching and Any Other Graph
Authors: Zhu Xiutao , Chen Yaojun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFor a family of graphs , a graph is called ‐free if it does not contain any member of as a subgraph. The generalized Turán number is the maximum number of in an ‐vertex ‐free graph and , that is, the classical Turán number. Let be a matching on edges and be any graph. In this paper, we determine apart from a constant additive term and also give a condition when the error constant term can be determined. In particular, we give the exact value of for being any non‐bipartite graph or some bipartite graphs. Furthermore, we determine when is color critical with .
Economic Drivers of China's Declining Fertility: The Role of Digital Inclusive Finance and Household Debt
Authors: Yang Fei , Zhang Zhenlin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe declining birth rate in China has resulted in a decrease in the labour force, increased ageing of the population and constrained economic growth potential, making the increase in the birth rate a priority. This study explores the connections among digital inclusive finance, household debt and fertility rates using microdata from the China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) for the years 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017 and 2019, along with data on digital financial inclusion in China. The baseline study finds that both digital inclusive finance and household debt are negatively correlated with fertility rates, though there exists a positive association between digital inclusive finance and household debt. Heterogeneity studies show that the impacts of household debt and digital inclusive finance on fertility rates vary by region and household income level. In both the eastern and central‐western regions, digital inclusive finance significantly affects family fertility decisions, whereas household debt significantly negatively affects family fertility decisions in central‐western areas. High‐income families are more positively influenced by digital inclusive finance, whereas low‐income families are primarily negatively affected by household debt. Specific types of debt, such as housing and education, have a significant negative impact on fertility rates. Policy research also found that targeted reserve requirement ratio policies for inclusive finance are beneficial for increasing the birth rate. This paper provides empirical evidence for policymakers, helping them design more effective policies to reduce the economic burden on families, enhance family welfare and promote an increase in birth rates.
Artificial intelligence in radiation therapy treatment planning: A discrete choice experiment
Authors: Lewandowska Milena , Street Deborah , Yim Jackie , Jones Scott , Viney Rosalie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe application of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiation therapy holds promise for addressing challenges, such as healthcare staff shortages, increased efficiency and treatment planning variations. Increased AI adoption has the potential to standardise treatment protocols, enhance quality, improve patient outcomes, and reduce costs. However, drawbacks include impacts on employment and algorithmic biases, making it crucial to navigate trade‐offs. A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was undertaken to examine the AI‐related characteristics radiation oncology professionals think are most important for adoption in radiation therapy treatment planning.MethodsRadiation oncology professionals completed an online discrete choice experiment to express their preferences about AI systems for radiation therapy planning which were described by five attributes, each with 2–4 levels: accuracy, automation, exploratory ability, compatibility with other systems and impact on workload. The survey also included questions about attitudes to AI. Choices were modelled using mixed logit regression.ResultsThe survey was completed by 82 respondents. The results showed they preferred AI systems that offer the largest time saving, and that provide explanations of the AI reasoning (both in‐depth and basic). They also favoured systems that provide improved contouring precision compared with manual systems. Respondents emphasised the importance of AI systems being cost‐effective, while also recognising AI's impact on professional roles, responsibilities, and service delivery.ConclusionsThis study provides important information about radiation oncology professionals' priorities for AI in treatment planning. The findings from this study can be used to inform future research on economic evaluations and management perspectives of AI‐driven technologies in radiation therapy.
Simulation and Future Projections of Reference Evapotranspiration in Egypt
Authors: Sobh Mohamed Tarek , Nashwan Mohamed Salem , Amer Nabil , Shahid Shamsuddin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWith the intensification of climate change, there is an increasing need to assess its potential impacts on hydrology and water resource systems. The reference evapotranspiration (ETo) plays a crucial role as an indicator for calculating the hydrological cycle and understanding these effects. The main objective of this study was to analyse the projected changes in simulated ETo over Egypt until the end of the 21st century. This analysis was conducted using the global climate models (GCMs) of the latest phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) framework, which incorporates the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs)—SSP1‐2.6, SSP2‐4.5, SSP3‐7.0 and SSP5‐8.5. The Penman–Monteith equation was applied to calculate ETo utilising data from four CMIP6 GCMs for the historical (1970–2014) and two future periods, the near future (2020–2059) and far future (2060–2100). The results revealed an overall increase in ETo for all scenarios and periods. The highest increase in annual ETo was observed under SSP5‐8.5, reaching 14.2% during the far future, while the lowest projected increase was 4.36% for SSP1‐2.6 in the near future. In addition, the projected ETo demonstrated the greatest increase during winter, while the lowest increase was in summer. Geographically, the increases will be more in the southwest and the least in the southeast for all scenarios and future periods. These findings emphasise the potential consequences that Egypt, a global water stress hotspot, could face if ETo rises due to escalating temperatures. It underscores the importance of addressing these challenges to ensure the sustainability of water resources in the face of climate change.
Climate influence on Si abundance and Si isotopes in the Yimaguan loess–paleosol sequence
Authors: Wang Baoliang , Yu Hui‐Min , Cheng Wenhan , Lan Jianghu , Huang Fang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe SiO2/Al2O3 and SiO2/TiO2 ratios of loess–paleosol sequences in the Chinese Loess Plateau have been proposed as indicators recording changes of the East Asian winter monsoon. However, interference from silicon (Si) leaching induced by chemical weathering raises concerns about their applications to paleoclimate reconstruction. Silicon isotopes can serve as an effective tool for monitoring Si leaching, as the release of Si can lead to a decrease in δ30Si values of soils. Here we use Si isotopes to evaluate previously published SiO2/Al2O3 and SiO2/TiO2 ratios in loess–paleosol sequences from the Yimaguan profile, Gansu Province, Northwest China, and examine the potential alteration caused by chemical weathering. The SiO2/Al2O3 and SiO2/TiO2 ratios show opposite trends to that of the frequency‐dependent magnetic susceptibility (χfd) and the chemical index of alteration (CIA). However, the whole profile exhibits limited Si isotopic variation, with δ30Si values ranging from −0.28‰ to −0.16‰. The homogeneous Si isotopic signature indicates that Si is not significantly leached during pedogenesis. Therefore, the SiO2/Al2O3 and SiO2/TiO2 ratios are not modified by Si leaching due to chemical weathering; instead, they are mainly affected by the grain size sorting effect, which is controlled by the change of winter monsoon intensity. This suggests that SiO2/Al2O3 and SiO2/TiO2 can serve as reliable indicators of paleoclimate changes, with an increase in the ratios reflecting the strengthening of the East Asian winter monsoon. Based on our observation of the Yimaguan loess–paleosol samples and the global loess data previously published, we also constrained the average Si isotopic composition of the upper continental crust (UCC) to be −0.22 ± 0.06‰ (2 s.d.).
Cost and Inpatient Burden of Mandible Fracture Management: A 14‐Year Analysis
Authors: Weitzman Rachel E. , Zhao Karena , Subramanian Tejas , Sclafani Anthony P. 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate characteristics associated with increased cost and length of hospitalization of mandible fracture management.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsDemographics, injury mechanism, associated injuries, treatment information, and associated costs were collected for all patients treated for mandible fracture treated at a single institution over a 14‐year period. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify the patient and fracture characteristics associated with increased cost and length of hospitalization.ResultsWe identified 552 patients with 834 mandible fractures from 2008 to 2022. Patients' mean age was 40 years, 67% were male, and 38% Caucasian. The median cost of treatment, adjusted for inflation, was $8,869.49, and median length of stay (LOS) was 3.0 days. Associated cranial/intracranial injury, transfer presentation, increased facial fractures, and traffic‐related injuries resulted in a significant increase in both cost and LOS. LOS had a significant impact on cost, while age also significantly increased LOS for patients with mandible fractures.ConclusionsThis study represents one of the largest comprehensive databases of mandible fractures and one of the first to provide a descriptive cost and inpatient burden analysis of mandible fracture management. To improve outcomes and reduce hospital cost and inpatient burden, protocols should be implemented to identify and mitigate factors that we identified as contributing to increased cost and length of hospitalization.Lay SummaryThis study represents one of the largest reviews of cost and inpatient burden of mandible fractures. We found that presentation via transfer, traffic‐related injuries, and more facial fractures were associated with significantly higher cost and longer length of hospitalization.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 2024
Herpes simplex virus presenting as an oropharyngeal mass
Authors: Molotkova Evgeniya , Buhle Anna C. , Rush Patrick S. , McLean James E. , Carpenter Patrick S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjective(s)Present a clinically challenging case of an immunocompetent 74‐year‐old male who presented with marked dyspnea and hemoptysis. After the airway was secured, direct laryngoscopy revealed a large, fungating, hemorrhagic mass of the left lateral pharyngeal wall and surrounding structures.MethodsChart review of a single patient. This patient provided consent for his case materials and images to be used for educational purposes and publication.ResultsThe clinical appearance of the mass was suspicious for an aggressive neoplasm. Initial biopsy of the mass was nonspecific, revealing necrosis and inflammation, but was negative for malignancy. Due to concern for bacterial supraglottitis, empiric treatment with antibiotics was initiated. Cultures were positive for Fusobacterium necrophorum. Repeat biopsy samples showed signs of underlying human simplex virus (HSV) infection, which was confirmed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. After addition of acyclovir, the patient began to improve clinically and was eventually decannulated. There was complete resolution of the mass at his 1‐month follow‐up.ConclusionHSV supraglottitis is a rare, rapidly progressive, and highly morbid condition. Lack of overt patient risk factors, frequently inconclusive biopsies, and clinical appearance mimicking other etiologies make diagnosis challenging. Superimposed bacterial infection is even less common and may contribute to increased disease severity and progression.
Establishment of a survival rabbit model for laryngotracheal stenosis: A prospective randomized study
Authors: Chen Wei , Wang Qingyu , Xu Hongming , Xie Yuhui , Zhang Lina , Li Yao , Yan Guofeng , Ding Yiwen , Lu Shunkai , Xie Zhibo , Chen Jiarui , Xu Mengrou , Liang Xiaoben , Chen Juan , Fu Penghuai , Li Xiaoyan , Peng Liming 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a reproducible survival rabbit model for laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS).MethodsSeventy New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits were randomly divided into experimental groups (n = 30) and a control group (n = 40). In experimental groups, a nylon brush was inserted retrograde from the tracheotomy through the subglottis and rotated until a full layer circumferential mucosal injury to cartilage exposure, assisted by fiberoptic laryngoscopy (FOL) visualization. Experimental group 1 (n = 10), rotated 10 times; group 2 (n = 20), rotated 20 times. The control group underwent tracheotomy only without nylon brush scraping. The rabbits underwent FOL at 1st, 4th, 8th, and 12th week postinjury respectively to observe the formation of LTS. They were euthanized and the larynxes and tracheas were subjected to gross and histopathological examination at 12 weeks postinjury.ResultsThe control group all survived, while five cases in experimental groups died from LTS and/or mucous plug. Histological observation showed that the control group had intact laryngotracheal mucosal epithelium without any stenosis; the experimental groups showed proliferation of fibroblasts and thickening of collagen fibers. The mean stenosis in control group was 9.31 ± 0.98%, while that in experimental group 1 was 32.78 ± 7.07% and 58.25 ± 8.96% in experimental group 2. The difference between the three groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 47.98, p < .05).ConclusionsWe successfully developed a reproducible survival rabbit model for LTS using a nylon brush through FOL visualization combined with tracheostomy. This model can provide a mature and stable animal model for the exploration of wound‐healing pathophysiology and the effect of interventions.Level of evidenceNA.
Electrospun Thermoplastic Polyurethane Fibrous Membrane Decorated with MXene/Carbon Black for Dual‐Mode Human Movement Monitoring and Energy Harvesting
Authors: Gao Qingsen , Wang Xin , Schubert Dirk W. , Liu Xianhu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConductive fiber membranes have received widespread attention due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. However, developing conductive fiber membranes for both strain sensing and energy harvesting remains a challenge. Herein, a novel thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/polydopamine (PDA)/MXene/carbon black (CB) (TPMC) conductive fibrous membrane is developed by combining electrospinning and layer‐by‐layer dip‐coating processes. The TPMC fibrous membrane can be used as a component of strain sensors and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) to achieve dual‐mode human motion detection and energy harvesting. The strain sensor boasts a wide operating range (0.5%‐195%), excellent sensitivity (with a gauge factor (GF) up to 54 at 50% strain and maximum GF of 6.5×104), fast response (80 ms) and excellent cycle durability (over 10 000 cycles), making it possible to detect slight or heavy human activities under various conditions effectively. Additionally, a single‐electrode TENG utilizing the TPMC membrane achieves an output voltage of 115 V, a current of 0.8 µA, and a power density of 68 mW m⁻2, also serving as a self‐powered sensor for various movements. The excellent dual‐mode sensing and energy harvesting properties make it promising for future high‐performance wearable devices.