bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasmodia in bone marrow examinations: Case series from a hospital in Pakistan 2007-2015
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Shariq , Ali Basim , Janjua Mahin , Akbar Ayesha , Haider Syed Arish , Moiz Bushra , Raheem Ahmed , Baird John Kevin , Beg Mohammad A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background Malaria is a life-threatening, multisystem disease caused by the protozoan plasmodia with a global incidence of approximately 212 million annually. The parasite is known to have unique and crucial interactions with various body tissues during its life cycle, notably the liver, spleen, and recent work has shown the bone marrow as reservoir of infection.Methods This study is a case series of patients in whom examination of bone marrow revealed malaria parasites. We conducted a retrospective record review of 35 malaria-positive bone marrow specimens examined at Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan, over the years 2007 to 2015. Bone marrow aspirates were collected as per International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) guidelines.Results The median age of patients was 22 years (range 1–75), and 60% (n = 21) were male. 22 patients had evidence of P. falciparum, 12 had evidence of P. vivax and 1 patient had a mixed infection. Gametocytes and trophozoites were the most common stages identified on both peripheral blood and bone marrow examinations. Indications for bone marrow examination included fever of unknown origin and the workup of cytopenias and malignancies.Conclusions The incidental finding of plasmodia in samples of bone marrow from our patients suggests the reticuloendothelial system may be regularly infected by these parasites, be it acute or chronic in character.
Rice Husk Use In Oil Spills Demonstrated With Cod And Phytotoxicity Tests
Authors: Goulart Maria Leticia Alves , Faria Rômulo Henrique Batista de , Loebens Larissa , Hoss Louise , Quadro Maurízio Silveira 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Motivated to develop faster and faster contemporary society has been using more and more fossil and energy resources that can, unfortunately, cause environmental accidents. Petroleum is responsible for providing different products derived as lubricating oil widely used in different production chains and object of study of the work in question. Many environmental problems faced by the Oil and Gas Industry are associated with leaks, accidents and irregular discharges. Thus an alternative for cleaning and adsorption of oil spilled in the sea is presented the validity in this article: the rice husk, being the main objective of this article to prove its effectiveness with lubricant oil adsorbent. It was used as a low cost alternative adsorbent. Performing physical order treatments such as heating and using acid and base that could increase their efficiency. Some COD and Fitoxicity tests of the generated effluent were performed and analyzed during the work, generating excellent results related to the adsorption of lubricating oils, showing a total adsorption of 6.15 g / g when treated in basic medium and 4.7 g / g in acid medium.
Prompt extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation with left ventricular unloading by IMPELLA improves the outcome of patients with refractory cardiac arrest: A single-site retrospective cohort study
Authors: Unoki Takashi , Tamura Yudai , Hirai Motoko , Suzuyama Hiroto , Inoue Masayuki , Yamamuro Megumi , Taguchi Eiji , Sawamura Tadashi , Nakao Koichi , Sakamoto Tomohiro 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E-CPR) using venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a novel lifesaving method for refractory cardiac arrest (CA). However, VA-ECMO increases damaged left ventricular (LV) afterload. The percutaneous microaxial pump Impella can reduce LV preload with simultaneous circulatory support, which may have a significant effect on clinical outcome by concomitant use of VA-ECMO and IMPELLA (ECPELLA). In the current retrospective cohort study, we assessed factors affecting the outcome of CA patients who underwent E-CPR.Method: We retrospectively reviewed 149 consecutive CA patients with E-CPR from January 2012 through December 2020 in our institute. Patients were divided into three groups: ECEPLLA (n=29), IABP + VA-ECMO (n=78), and single VA-ECMO (n=42). We assessed 30-day survival and neurological outcome using cerebral performance categories (CPCs).Results: There were no significant differences in age, sex, out-of-hospital CA, or acute coronary syndrome among the groups. ECPELLA showed the highest cumulative 30-day survival (ECPELLA: 55%, IABP + VA-ECMO: 23%, VA-ECMO: 9.5; p=0.001) and the rates of CPC score 1 or 2 (ECPELLA: 31%, IABP + VA-ECMO: 13%, VA-ECMO: 7%; p=0.02). Multivariate analysis revealed that age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-1.52, P=0.005) and time from CA to ECMO support (HR, 1.22, 95% CI, 1.13-1.31, P<0.0001) and ECPELLA (HR, 0.46, 95% CI, 0.24-0.88, P=0.02) were significantly associated with the clinical outcome.Conclusion: Earlier initiation of E-CPR is critical to improve patient survival and neurological outcome. Additional Impella support, ECPELLA, appears to significantly improve the clinical outcome.
Long Noncoding RNA ARHGAP5-AS1 Inhibits Migration of Breast Cancer Cell via Stabilizes SMAD7 Protein
Authors: Wang Chen-Long , Li Jing-Chi , Zhou Ci-Xiang , Ma Cheng-Ning , Wang Di-Fei , Wo Lu-Lu , He Ming , Yin Qianqian , He Jian-Rong , Zhao Qian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Tumor metastasis is the main cause of death from breast cancer patients and cell migration plays a critical role in metastasis. Recent studies have shown long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an essential role in the initiation and progression of cancer. In the present study, the role of a LncRNA, Rho GTPase Activating Protein 5- Antisense 1 (ARHGAP5-AS1) in breast cancer was investigated. Methods: RNA sequencing was performed to find out dysregulated LncRNAs in MDA-MB-231-LM2 cells. Transwell migration assays and F-actin staining were utilized to estimate cell migration ability. RNA pulldown assays and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to prove the interaction between ARHGAP5-AS1 and SMAD7. Western blot and immunofluorescence imaging were used to examine the protein levels. Dual luciferase reporter assays were performed to evaluate the activation of TGF-β signaling. Results: Compared to MDA-MB-231 cells, the expression of LncRNA ARHGAP5-AS1 (NR_027263) was significantly suppressed in its highly metastatic subtype MDA-MB-231-LM2 cells. Functional study showed ARHGAP5-AS1 could inhibit cell migration via suppression of stress fibers in breast cancer cell lines. Afterwards, SMAD7 was further identified to interact with ARHGAP5-AS1 by its PY motif and thus its ubiquitination and degradation was blocked due to reduced interaction with E3 ligase SMURF1 and SMURF2. Moreover, ARHGAP5-AS1 could inhibit TGF-β signaling pathway due to its inhibitory role on SMAD7. Conclusion: Overall, these findings demonstrate that ARHGAP5-AS1 inhibits breast cancer cell migration and could serve as a novel biomarker for breast cancer metastasis and a potent target for the treatment in the future.
Optimization of canthaxanthin extraction from fermented biomass of Paracoccus carotinifacuens VTP20181 bacteria strain isolated in Vietnam
Authors: Duy Le Xuan , Toan Tran Quoc , Anh Dang Viet , Hung Nguyen Phi , Huong Trinh Thi Thu , Long Pham Quoc , Dat Nguyen Manh , Le Do Thi Thuy , Pham Dung Thuy Nguyen , Nhan Nguyen Phu Thuong , Manh Do Van 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The bacterium strain Paracoccus carotinifaciens VTP20181 isolated in Vietnam produces canthaxanthin, a carotenoid widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this work was to determine optimal parameters for canthaxanthin extraction from fermented biomass of P. carotinifaciens VTP20181.
Study objects and methods. First, a series of single factor investigations were carried out in regard to maximal carotenoid content in the biomass extract obtained by using ultrasonic waves. Four parameters of the extraction process, such as extraction temperature, solvent/material ratio, extraction time, and ultrasonic output power, were studied. The obtained results were then optimized by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken experimental design.
Results and discussion. The optimal technological parameters of the extraction process included extraction temperature of 35°C, solvent/material ratio of 9.5:1 (v/w), extraction time of 90 min, and ultrasonic output power of 145 W. Under optimal conditions, canthaxanthin and total carotenoid contents were determined as 14.95 ± 0.12 and 18.21 ± 0.11 mg/g respectively, which were compatible with theoretical calculations ‒ 15.074 and 18.263 mg/g, respectively.
Conclusion. Current results confirmed that the strain of halophilic P. carotinifaciens VTP20181 is a potential source for canthaxanthin biosynthesis.
Функциональное состояние магно- и парвоцеллюлярных нейронных систем и когнитивные нарушения при шизофрении на разных этапах заболевания
Authors: Исаева Елена Р. , Трегубенко Илья А. , Мухитова Юлианна В. , Шошина Ирина И. 
Published: April 2021

Введение. В статье рассматриваются возможности комплексного (психофизиологического и экспериментально-психологического) подхода к диагностике когнитивных процессов для объективизации нарушений у пациентов с шизофренией. Новизна заключается в применении психофизиологических методов к изучению нарушений восприятия и мышления при шизофрении. Актуальным является уточнение взаимосвязи когнитивного функционирования с функциональным состоянием магноцеллюлярных и парвоцеллюлярных нейронных зрительных сетей и их динамики в процессе развития и хронизации заболевания. Замысел авторов состоял в доказательстве того, что рассогласование в работе данных нейронных систем приводит к нарушениям целостности зрительного восприятия и, в последующем, к нарушению селективности мышления, что затрудняет оценку и выбор значимой, существенной информации при формировании суждений, препятствует построению полноценной и адекватной картины окружающего мира.
Методы. Исследование проводилось с помощью методов визоконтрастометрии, оценивалась контрастная чувствительность и помехоустойчивость. Для диагностики когнитивных функций использовался экспериментально-психологический метод с применением нейро- и патопсихологических методик: «Исключение 4-го лишнего», «Сравнение понятий», «Фигуры Поппельрейтера» и «Незавершенные изображения».
Результаты и их обсуждение. Проведен анализ функционального состояния магноцеллюлярной и парвоцеллюлярной зрительных систем, особенностей их взаимодействия и когнитивных функций на разных этапах заболевания. Обнаружены взаимосвязи психофизиологических характеристик восприятия с процессами восприятия, памяти, внимания и мышления. Полученные данные позволили установить, что активность магноцеллюлярной системы связана с особенностями восприятия, рабочей памяти и свойствами внимания. Гиперактивация магноцеллюлярной системы сопровождается нарушением избирательности внимания. Обнаружен вклад магно- и парвоцеллюлярной систем (механизмы глобального и локального анализа) в осуществление процессов мышления. Гипоактивация парвоцеллюлярной системы приводит к снижению селективности мышления. Выявлено снижение активности обеих нейронных систем в процессе хронизации заболевания.
Political Partisanship and Antiscience Attitudes in Online Discussions About COVID-19: Twitter Content Analysis
Authors: Rao Ashwin , Morstatter Fred , Hu Minda , Chen Emily , Burghardt Keith , Ferrara Emilio , Lerman Kristina 
Published: April 2021

Background
The novel coronavirus pandemic continues to ravage communities across the United States. Opinion surveys identified the importance of political ideology in shaping perceptions of the pandemic and compliance with preventive measures.

Objective
The aim of this study was to measure political partisanship and antiscience attitudes in the discussions about the pandemic on social media, as well as their geographic and temporal distributions.

Methods
We analyzed a large set of tweets from Twitter related to the pandemic, collected between January and May 2020, and developed methods to classify the ideological alignment of users along the moderacy (hardline vs moderate), political (liberal vs conservative), and science (antiscience vs proscience) dimensions.

Results
We found a significant correlation in polarized views along the science and political dimensions. Moreover, politically moderate users were more aligned with proscience views, while hardline users were more aligned with antiscience views. Contrary to expectations, we did not find that polarization grew over time; instead, we saw increasing activity by moderate proscience users. We also show that antiscience conservatives in the United States tended to tweet from the southern and northwestern states, while antiscience moderates tended to tweet from the western states. The proportion of antiscience conservatives was found to correlate with COVID-19 cases.

Conclusions
Our findings shed light on the multidimensional nature of polarization and the feasibility of tracking polarized opinions about the pandemic across time and space through social media data.
THE SYSTEMIC ROLE OF A CLASSICAL UNIVERSITY “WITH HISTORY” IN THE COLLEGE TOWN DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Кужелева-Саган Ирина  Петровна , Винокурова Екатерина Николаевна 
Published: April 2021

Рассматривается проблема малоизученности города-университета как социокультурного феномена и роли классического вуза «с историей» в его становлении. Применяется методологический комплекс, включающий теорию социальных аутопоэтических систем Н. Лумана; концепцию классического университета как открытой и одновременно закрытой системы М. Ленартович; социокультурный (Р. Парк), культурологический (Н. Федотова, Т. Ильина, И. Гревс, М. Каган) и историко-культурный (К. Керр) подходы; концепцию региона как социальной системы (Д. Докучаев). Анализируются понятия «город-университет» и «университетский город»; формулируется авторское операциональное определение города-университета; описываются ключевые отличия города-университета от университетского города, а также представляются основные характеристики, присущие городу-университету. Показывается, что город-университет представляет собой сложную социокультурную систему с двойным статусом (открытая/закрытая), основой идентичности которой является классический вуз «с историей», обеспечивающий функционирование культурных кодов города. Обосновывается системообразующая роль классического вуза «с историей» в становлении города-университета как особого социокультурного феномена и сохранении его культурной идентичности.
The purpose of the article is justification of the systemic role of a classical university “with history” in the development of a college town as a special sociocultural phenomenon and the preservation of its cultural identity. The methodological complex, applied in the paper, includes the theory of autopoietic social systems (N. Luhmann); the concept of a traditional university as an open and closed system (M. Lenartowicz); sociocultural (R. Park), cultural (N. Fedotova, T. Ilyina, I. Grevs, M. Kagan) and historical-cultural (K. Kerr) approaches; the concept of the region as a social system (D. Dokuchaev). The paper presents an analysis of the “college town” and “a city with a university” concepts. It formulates the authors’ definition of a college town, describes the key differences between a college town and a city with a university, and demonstrates the main college town characteristics. The article demonstrates that a college town is a complex sociocultural system with a dual status (open/closed), whose identity is based on a classical university “with a history” that provides the functioning of the town’s cultural codes. Understanding a classical university “with a history” as a college town’s system-forming element provides an opportunity to understand the essence of this town type and its specific characteristics. It can be further used as a theoretical justification for the strategy of regional development. The ideas presented in this paper can contribute to the search for an authentic identity for some territorial entities, which is still in a “latent state”.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDEPENDENCE OF HEALTHY AND OFTEN AILING CHILDREN OF OLDER PRESCHOOL AGE
Authors: Улыбина Екатерина Владимировна , Вербианова Ольга Михайловна , Груздева Ольга Васильевна 
Published: April 2021

Представлен анализ проблемы развития самостоятельности в старшем дошкольном возрасте. Обоснована актуальность целенаправленной психолого-педагогической работы с часто болеющими детьми и их семьями. Приводятся результаты диагностики самостоятельности 73 здоровых и 73 часто болеющих детей 5–7 лет, проведен сравнительный анализ полученных данных. Сделан вывод, что средние значения числовых выражений развития самостоятельности выше в группе здоровых детей по сравнению с группой часто болеющих детей. Изучение достоверности различий фактического материала в различных возрастных группах (дети 5–6 и 6–7 лет) показало, что с возрастом развитие самостоятельности часто болеющих детей начинает существенно отставать от развития изучаемого показателя у здоровых детей. Выделены детерминанты развития самостоятельности часто болеющих детей: недостаточность профессионального управления развитием самостоятельности в дошкольном образовательном учреждении и стихийность воспитания самостоятельности детей в семье. Сформулированы направления оказания поддержки детям и родителям в вопросах развития самостоятельности часто болеющих старших дошкольников.
The analysis of the problem of development of independence in senior preschool age is presented. The urgency of purposeful psychological and pedagogical work with often ailing children and their families has been substantiated. The results of diagnostics of independence of 73 healthy and 73 often ailing children 5–7 years old are presented, a comparative analysis of the data obtained was carried out. Statistical analysis of the results obtained allows us to conclude that the average values of the numerical expressions of the development of independence are higher in the group of healthy children compared to the group of frequently ill children. The study of the reliability of differences in factual material in different age groups: children 5–6 years old and 6–7 years old showed that, with age, the development of independence of frequently ill children begins to lag significantly behind the development of the studied indicator in healthy children. Distinguish the determinants of the development of independence of often ailing children: insufficiency of professional development of independence in preschool education and spontaneity of raising children’s independence in the family. The directions of providing support to children and parents in the development of independence of often ailing children 5–7 years old are formulated.
PECULIARITIES OF VOCATIONAL ORIENTATION OF YOUNGER STUDENTS
Authors: Кривоусова Вероника Викторовна , Вахитова Галия Хамитовна 
Published: April 2021

Рассматриваются проблемы профессиональной ориентации детей младшего школьного возраста. Подчеркивается необходимость обращения внимания на смысловые дефиниции для более точного определения проблемного поля исследования. Представлены результаты изучения уровня знаний о профессиях обучающихся начальной школы г. Санкт-Петербурга. Определено, что смысловое содержание понятия «профессия» для обучающихся является абстрактным, также установлена недостаточная информированность детей в целом о мире профессий. Для получения достоверных сведений сопоставляются результирующие данные ответов детей и их родителей. Сделан вывод о том, что участникам эксперимента сложно представить себя в профессиональном будущем. Акцентируется внимание на необходимости улучшения работы по формированию знаний о профессиях младших школьников через реализацию соответствующей программы.
The problems of professional orientation of children of primary school age are considered. For the introduction to the course of the studied problems, various views and approaches to the definition of the concept of “career guidance” and its components are described. The results of studying the level of knowledge about the professions of primary school students in St. Petersburg are presented. It is determined that the semantic content of the concept of “profession” for students is abstract and unclear, and also the lack of awareness of children in general about the world of professions is established. To obtain reliable and complete information, the results of the responses to the questionnaires of primary school students and their parents are compared. Based on the obtained research data, it is concluded that it is difficult for the participants of the experiment – younger schoolchildren to imagine themselves in the professional future. Attention is focused on the need to improve and systematize the work on the formation of complete knowledge of primary school students about professions through the implementation of an appropriate program in the course of primary school education. This program, based on the full interaction of adults and children, is focused not only on expanding children’s knowledge about the world of professions, but also fully taking into account their motives and interests, which ultimately can affect the quality of the educational process.
DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE CORONOVIRUS PANDEMIC
Authors: Prudnikov Igor A. , Rotary A. M. 
Published: April 2021

The events that took place in 2020 in terms of the epidemiological component in the world entailed global changes in almost all sectors of the economy. The state in which the whole world is today, as well as business, receives new requirements for the health care system, education, economy, law, transport and so on.
Today it has become clear that the usual business processes have changed and will no longer be the same, moreover, they will change faster than before. Companies have become even more closely monitoring modern trends and began to adapt to current consumer preferences, thus they will be able not only to maintain their position in the market, but also to increase their customer base.
Reconsidering the authority to sell as the augmentation or restriction of creditor’s rights in fiducia cum creditore
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Law, Karlović Tomislav 
Published: April 2021

The issue of creditor’s rights in fiducia cum creditore after the debtor’s default is one of the central questions concerning the history and development of this form of real security in Roman law. Opposing views and the arguments put forward in the literature during the last decade are keeping the discussion alive. Although it may seem that the idea of the right to final acquisition of unburdened ownership by creditor on default (Verfall theory) is taking sway, there are still opinions in favor of the position acknowledging creditor only the right to hold the object until the debt was eventually paid (Bewahrung theory). In this paper, the problem is reconsidered taking into account the analysis of documents from Roman business practice, as well as the juristic opinions.