bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studying abroad and earnings: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Giorgio Di Pietro ,   European Commission,   IZA
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe increasing number of university students participating in international mobility programs worldwide calls for a better understanding of the effects of studying abroad. Despite the frequent claim that these programs enhance participants’ labor market prospects, there is no clear consensus in the literature about their impact on earnings. The present article attempts to shed light on this issue by applying meta‐analysis techniques to 166 estimates of returns to studying abroad from 17 studies. Summary measures used in meta‐analysis indicate that participation in study abroad programs during university studies has a small positive effect on post‐graduation earnings. However, due to the high heterogeneity and publication bias, this conclusion should be interpreted very cautiously. Multivariate meta‐regression analysis shows that the omission of relevant variables from the wage equation, the econometric methods employed, and the duration of the study abroad experience contribute to explain variation in the empirical findings.
Monetary policy or macroprudential policies: What can tame the cycles?
Authors: Vollmer Uwe 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis survey systematizes the rapidly growing literature on the influence of monetary policy and macroprudential policy on the macroeconomy. It examines the impact of monetary policy on the financial cycle and asks how macroprudential instruments influence the efficiency of monetary policy. The questions of whether monetary policy should take account of the financial cycle and lean against the wind is also addressed. The literature review shows that monetary policy is not neutral for financial stability, but should not take into account the financial cycle because the costs probably outweigh the benefits.
Global, regional, and national burden of ovarian cancer and the attributable risk factors in all 194 countries and territories during 2007–2017: A systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
Authors: Yang Delun , Huang Hui , Ruan Tiecheng , Yang Haidong , Hu Jingcen , Xu Shujun , Ling Shiliang , Yu Yanli 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe estimated the global burden of ovarian cancer (OC) in 194 countries and territories between 2007 and 2017.MethodsData were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD), Injuries, and Risk Factors 2017 study.ResultsGlobally, 286 126.80 (95% UI = 278 075.38–295 311.41) incident cases, 4.67 million (4.53–4.83) disability‐adjusted life‐years (DALYs), and 175 981.99 (171 384.15–181 198.43) deaths were reported in 2017. The age‐standardized incidence and DALY rates increased by 2.05% and 1.34% during 2007–2017, respectively, while the age‐standardized mortality rate decreased by −0.14%. The age‐standardized incidence, DALY, and mortality rates in 2017 were the highest in the high socio‐demographic index (SDI) quintile, but the largest percentage increase during 2007–2017 was in the low‐SDI quintile. Among regions, Central Europe showed the highest 2017 age‐standardized incidence, DALY, and mortality rates, whereas South Asia and East Asia showed the largest percentage increases in both rates during 2007–2017. Among countries, India showed the largest percentage increase in age‐standardized incidence and DALY rates, whereas Iran showed the largest percentage increase in age‐standardized mortality rates. Globally, the largest percentage increase in risk‐attributable DALYs was associated with metabolic risk factors (e.g., high fasting plasma glucose levels).ConclusionThe global age‐standardized incidence, DALYs, and mortality rates of OC remain stable during 2007–2017. However, the low SDI quintile and the greatest burden in South and East Asia, India, and Iran suggested that more targeted strategies should be performed in those regions and countries.
The impact of supervisor–employee self‐protective implicit voice theory alignment
Authors: Ellis Aleksander P. J. , Porter Christopher O. L. H. , Mai Ke Michael 
Published: October 2021

Self‐protective implicit voice theories (IVTs) represent individuals’ deeply rooted schemas regarding the risks and appropriateness of speaking up at work. Drawing from the behavioural confirmation model and expectancy violation theory, we argue that alignment (or congruence) between supervisors’ and employees’ self‐protective IVTs will result in higher quality leader‐member exchange (LMX) relationships. We also argue that higher quality LMX will, in turn, result in higher performance evaluations from those supervisors. Results from cross‐level polynomial regression analyses of a sample of 900 governmental employees with matched responses from their supervisors partially supported our predictions. We found evidence of congruence effects on job performance evaluations through LMX, particularly when employees and their supervisors had weaker self‐protective IVTs. We also found a strong but unexpected effect for employees’ self‐protective IVTs that indicated that the more self‐protective the employees’ IVTs, the lower the quality of the LMX they developed with their supervisors. Our findings have implications for the nascent literature on self‐protective IVTs and suggest potential benefits for employees who have fewer reservations about speaking up at work.Practitioner points

Employees’ implicit, unconscientious beliefs about the potential risks associated with speaking up are formed well in advance of their employment yet they are important drivers of whether they withhold their ideas and suggestions or speak up at work.

Although strong implicit voice theories should help employees avoid negative outcomes, they can hinder the development of high‐quality relationships with their managers.

Managers’ implicit beliefs about speaking up can influence the outcomes their employees experience as a result of their own implicit beliefs about the risks associated with speaking up.

Some of the best employee outcomes result from manager and employee pairs that share weak implicit theories about speaking up and manager and employee pairs in which employees have weak implicit theories about speaking up and managers have moderate implicit theories about speaking up.
Renal nurses' experiences of patients with severe mental health conditions receiving acute haemodialysis: A qualitative study
Authors: Alwar Aumeshree , Addis Gulen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients receiving acute haemodialysis treatment and living with severe mental illness may display behaviours that are perceived as challenging and stressful for renal nurses to manage in the acute haemodialysis unit. Renal nurses are historically trained on the technical aspects of acute haemodialysis and can provide a level of psychological support to patients. However, they have not been trained to manage patients with severe mental illness.ObjectiveTo explore renal nurses' experiences of nursing patients with severe mental illness receiving acute haemodialysis, and to identify factors that facilitate or hinder the nursing care of these patients.DesignA descriptive qualitative study.MethodPurposive sampling was employed, and semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 10 renal nurses working in an acute haemodialysis unit. Thematic analysis was utilised to analyse the data.FindingsThematic analysis identified four main themes which are perspectives of mental Illness, patient and staff safety concerns, facilitators of care and education and support needs.ConclusionRenal nurses experienced difficulty managing challenging behaviours manifested by patients with severe mental illness. Despite the various challenges, renal nurses adopted a person‐centred approach. Staff shortages and lack of training were significant hindrances to care delivery. Education on mental health conditions, support from senior staff and collaborative working can enable confidence and increase renal nurses' knowledge and experience in mental health care.
Does road accessibility to cities support rural population growth? Evidence for Portugal between 1991 and 2011
Authors: Melo Patrícia C. , Rego Conceição , Anciães Paulo R. , Guiomar Nuno , Muñoz‐Rojas José 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMotorways in Portugal received large scale funding after the country joined the European Union in 1986, making it an ideal case to study the effect of road accessibility on the development of lagging rural areas. We investigate the relationship between rural population change and road accessibility to the urban hierarchy between 1991 and 2011. We find that rural population growth is negatively associated with increased road distance and travel time to cities, notably to medium‐sized cities (20,000–99,999 inhabitants). There is no evidence of nonlinearities in the effect of proximity to the urban hierarchy between accessible and remote rural areas.
Disparities in Local Wellness Policies Implementation Across Maryland Schools
Authors: Feinberg Termeh , Parker Elizabeth , Lane Hannah , Rubio Diana , Wang Yan , Hager Erin 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSchool‐level implementation of district‐level local wellness policies (LWPs) is needed to create school environments that promote nutrition and physical activity (PA). Disparities in classroom‐specific LWPs implementation were examined.METHODSAn administrator survey (N = 756 schools; 24/24 districts) included 6 classrooms LWP best‐practice items (fully/not fully implemented: restricting food celebrations or rewards, incorporating PA breaks or integrating PA in curricula, restricting withholding or using PA as punishment). A sum score (alpha = .71; elementary and middle/high examined separately) was used to examine associations with student body income (free‐and‐reduced priced meals (FARMS): ≤40%, 41‐75%, ≥75%), race/ethnicity, and school location (rural/urban/suburban), accounting for district‐level clustering, with moderation examined.RESULTSClassroom implementation scores were: elementary = 3.1 ± 1.8 (range: 0‐6/6 items) and middle/high = 2.3 ± 1.6 (range:0‐5/5 items). Among elementary and middle/high schools, 65% and 55% had >40% FARMS, 39% and 46% had ≥50% white student body, and 24% and 23% were urban, respectively. Elementary schools with >40% of FARMS‐eligible students and middle/high schools with <25% white students reported implementing fewer items. Location was not associated with classroom practices nor was moderation observed.CONCLUSIONSDisparities in classroom‐specific LWP best practices implementation were observed by income and race/ethnicity. Tailored support may be needed to improve classroom LWP implementation in schools serving low‐income students.
COVID‐19 epidemic and mitigation policies: Positive and normative analyses in a neoclassical growth model
Authors: Gori Luca , Manfredi Piero , Marsiglio Simone , Sodini Mauro 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic is still ravaging the planet, but its (short‐, medium‐, and long‐term) diverse effects on health, economy, and society are far from being understood. This article investigates the potential impact of a deadly epidemic and its main nonpharmaceutical control interventions (social distancing vs. testing–tracing–isolation, TTI) on capital accumulation and economic development at different time scales. This is done by integrating an epidemiological susceptible–infectious–recovered model with a Solow‐type growth model including public expenditure, as a parsimonious setting to offer insights on the trade‐off between protecting human lives and the economy and society. The work clarifies (i) the long‐term interactions amongst a deadly infection, demography, and capital accumulation, (ii) the lack of viability of persistent social distancing measures also using an analytical characterization, and the threat of policy‐enhanced COVID‐19 endemicity, (iii) the potentially high return on investments in TTI activities to avoid future lockdowns and related capital disruption. It also quantifies the welfare effects of a range of policies, confirming a counterintuitive role for tax‐funded preventive investments aimed at strengthening TTI as more desirable interventions than generalized lockdowns.
Yucca schidigera extract decreases nitrogen emission via improving nutrient utilisation and gut barrier function in weaned piglets
Authors: Fan Xiangqi , Xiao Xiangjun , Chen Daiwen , Yu Bing , He Jun , Yu Jie , Luo Junqiu , Luo Yuheng , Wang Jianping , Yan Hui , Mao Xiangbing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractYucca schidigera extract (YE) can decrease ammonia concentration in livestock housing, which could be associated with the inhibition of urease. The aim of this study was to investigate the other possible reasons of dietary YE supplementation reducing nitrogen emission in weaned piglets. A total of 14 crossbred weaned barrows were allotted into two groups fed the diets supplementing 0 and 120 mg/kg YE for 14 days. The YE administration decreased F/G ratio and hindgut NH3‐N production in weaned piglets (p < 0.05). Dietary YE supplementation decreased serum urea nitrogen levels, and increased nutrient digestibility, which could be related to the improvement of morphology, digestive and absorptive enzyme activities, and nutrient transporter mRNA expression in jejunal mucosa of weaned piglets (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression of tight junction proteins, mucins and apoptosis‐related genes was also improved by YE treatment in jejunal mucosa of weaned piglets (p < 0.05). In addition, dietary YE supplementation regulated the microbiota structure and volatile fatty acid content in distal intestine of weaned piglets (p < 0.05). These results suggest that YE administration can decrease hindgut NH3–N production in weaned piglets, which is associated with the increased nutrient utilization and gut‐barrier function.
An assessment of the rural‐urban differences in the crash response time and county‐level crash fatalities in the United States
Authors: Adeyemi Oluwaseun John , Paul Rajib , Arif Ahmed 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to estimate the crash response times in rural and urban counties in the United States, their association with county‐level crash fatalities, and identify spatial clusters of crash fatalities across the United States.MethodsWe analyzed data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (2010‐2019). Data were aggregated at the county level across the contiguous United States. The selected counties (n = 3,108) were categorized as rural, micropolitan‐urban, or metropolitan‐urban using the 2013 rural‐urban commuting area codes. The predictor variable was crash response time, and the outcome variable was county‐level crash fatalities. Crash and county characteristics were used as potential confounders. We performed a spatial negative binomial regression analysis and reported the rate ratios of crash fatalities. We estimated the crude and adjusted fatality rates across all counties and identified clusters of crash fatalities across the United States.FindingsAs one migrates from urban to rural areas, crash response times became significantly increasingly longer. The Emergency Medical Service (EMS) notification to scene arrival time was most predictive of crash fatalities. A minute increase in the EMS notification to scene arrival time was associated with a 1%, 2%, and 5% increased fatality rate ratio in rural, micropolitan‐urban, and metropolitan‐urban counties, respectively. Although crash fatalities were lower in rural counties, the crash fatality rate was 3‐fold higher in rural counties compared to metropolitan‐urban counties. Significant clusters of crash fatality rates were heterogeneously distributed across the United States.ConclusionReducing crash response time may contribute to reducing crash fatalities across the United States.
The evolution of tachinid pollination in Neotinea ustulata is related to floral cuticular composition and the combined high relative production of (Z)‐11‐C23/C25enes
Authors: Martel Carlos , Rakosy Demetra , Romero Pedro E. , Jersáková Jana , Ayasse Manfred 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAmong terrestrial orchids, and particularly among the subtribe Orchidinae, flies are underrepresented as pollinators. The European Neotinea ustulata, which developed specialized pollination by tachinid flies, is known to produce high relative concentrations of the floral cuticular alkenes (Z)‐11‐tricosene and (Z)‐11‐pentacosene (referred to as (Z)‐11‐C23/C25enes), which seem to be uncommon among orchid flowers. If the evolution of tachinid pollination is related to that of (Z)‐11‐C23/C25enes, we can expect that closely related species have a different floral chemical pattern and significantly small or no production of (Z)‐11‐C23/C25enes, independently of their pollinator guild identity (e.g., bees, flies, moths). We chemically compared the floral cuticular composition among Neotinea species, performed electrophysiological analyses, reconstructed the phylogenetic Orchidinae tree, and identified the evolutionary history of pollinator guild and (Z)‐11‐C23/C25enes production within the Orchidinae. Neotinea ustulata has evolved a markedly different floral cuticular composition compared to other Neotinea and produces both compounds ((Z)‐11‐C23/C25enes) in high relative quantities (i.e., above 8% in combination), which are detectable by tachinid antennae. Moreover, most Orchidinae taxa have minimal or no production of these alkenes, independently of the identity of their pollinator guild. Our ancestral reconstruction suggested that (Z)‐11‐C23/C25enes production was an evolutionary exaptation in Neotinea, whereas tachinid pollination was a unique evolutionary innovation for N. ustulata. Floral cuticular composition and, in particular, the combined production of (Z)‐11‐C23/C25enes at relatively high concentrations is intimately linked to the evolution of tachinid pollination within the Orchidinae.
Japan through Western eyes in Stupeur et Tremblements by Amélie Nothomb: Interpretation prevailing over translation
Authors: Buchweitz Nurit 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAmélie Nothomb's 1999 novel Stupeur et Tremblements portrays the misadventures, misunderstandings, and misgivings experienced by a Belgian professional in a large, modern Japanese workplace. This book is often read as an autobiographical account of the author's Japanese experience and a satirical critique of Japanese society. I argue that, while the narrator is unable to perform the duty for which she was hired, as a translator, she acts as an interpreter of Japanese mores. Always and indelibly perceived within the boundaries of Western culture in the novel, Japan becomes a stylised construct replete with references to Western concepts. My article sheds light on how this construct takes shape in the text by focusing on the narrative techniques that foreground the narrator's immersion in Western culture, including allusions to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, paraphrasing and injecting meaning, namedropping key Western figures and concepts, and using the eye as a recurring motif and metaphor.
Effects of saw palmetto extract on the vanilloid receptor TRPV1
Authors: Yamada Shizuo , Kato Yoshihisa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTransient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of the bladder. The present study investigated the effects of the herbal product, saw palmetto extract (SPE) on TRPV1‐mediated Ca2+ influx and specific [3H]resiniferatoxin ([3H]RTX) binding to TRPV1 in HEK293 cells expressing TRPV1 (HEK293VR11 cells).MethodsCa2+ influx induced by and the direct binding activity of TRPV1 were measured using a method with Fura 2‐AM, a cytoplasmic calcium indicator, and a radioligand binding assay using a [3H]RTX, respectively.ResultsSPE did not markedly affect Ca2+ influx in HEK293VR11 cells; however, it significantly inhibited capsaicin‐induced increases in Ca2+ influx in these cells. The specific binding of [3H]RTX in HEK293VR11 cells was saturable with Kd value of 120 ± 7 pM and Bmax of 1.07 ± 0.10 fmol/mg protein, and was inhibited by low concentrations of non‐labeled RTX with Ki of 60.1 ± 7.6 nM. These results confirmed the pharmacological specificity of specific binding sites of [3H]RTX to TRPV1 in HEK293VR11 cells. SPE inhibited the specific binding of [3H]RTX in a concentration‐dependent manner, with Ki of 24.2 ± 1.4 μg/mL.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated for the first time, that SPE inhibited capsaicin‐induced Ca2+ influx with binding to TRPV1 in HEL293VR11 cells. These results will contribute to a more detailed understanding of the pharmacological effects of SPE on urinary dysfunction.
The magnitude and progress of lean body mass, fat‐free mass, and skeletal muscle mass loss following bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nuijten Malou A.H. , Eijsvogels Thijs M.H. , Monpellier Valerie M. , Janssen Ignace M.C. , Hazebroek Eric J. , Hopman Maria T.E. 
Published: October 2021

SummaryPostbariatric loss of muscle tissue could negatively affect long‐term health due to its role in various bodily processes, such as metabolism and functional capacity. This meta‐analysis aimed to unravel time‐dependent changes in the magnitude and progress of lean body mass (LBM), fat‐free mass (FFM), and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) loss following bariatric surgery. A systematic literature search was conducted in Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science. Fifty‐nine studies assessed LBM (n = 37), FFM (n = 20), or SMM (n = 3) preoperatively and ≥1 time points postsurgery. Random‐effects meta‐analyses were performed to determine pooled loss per outcome parameter and follow‐up time point. At 12‐month postsurgery, pooled LBM loss was −8.13 kg [95%CI −9.01; −7.26]. FFM loss and SMM loss were −8.23 kg [95%CI −10.74; −5.73] and −3.18 kg [95%CI −5.64; −0.71], respectively. About 55% of 12‐month LBM loss occurred within 3‐month postsurgery, followed by a more gradual decrease up to 12 months. Similar patterns were seen for FFM and SMM. In conclusion, >8 kg of LBM and FFM loss was observed within 1‐year postsurgery. LBM, FFM, and SMM were predominantly lost within 3‐month postsurgery, highlighting that interventions to mitigate such losses should be implemented perioperatively.
Elevated Foxo3a and Fas‐ligand expression in human periapical granulomas as a potential treatment target
Authors: Ishii Kae , Tamura Takahito , Hatori Keisuke , Himi Kazuma , Nakamura Takeshi , Toyama Yurika , Miyata Taiki , Takeichi Osamu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivePeriapical granuloma is a common periodontitis type involving chronic inflammation; however, the efficacy of current therapies is limited. Its molecular pathogenesis also remains obscure. Forkhead box transcription factor class o3a (Foxo3a) and Fas‐ligand (FasL) are associated with chronic inflammation. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to clarify the roles of Foxo3a and FasL in periapical granuloma pathophysiology.Subjects and MethodsPeriapical lesions were obtained from patients during endodontic surgery and tooth extraction; those diagnosed with periapical granulomas using haematoxylin and eosin staining were further analysed. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed for Foxo3a and FasL, and real‐time polymerase chain reaction was performed for FOXO3A, FASL and interleukin (IL)‐1β. Healthy gingival tissues were also examined as controls.ResultsNeutrophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells in the periapical granulomas, but not healthy tissues, expressed Foxo3a. Dual‐colour immunofluorescence imaging revealed Foxo3a and FasL co‐expression in leukocytes. FOXO3A, FASL and IL‐1β mRNA levels in healthy gingival tissues were significantly lower than those in the periapical granulomas. Additionally, FOXO3A and IL‐1β expressions were negatively correlated.ConclusionsPhosphorylated Foxo3a may reduce IL‐1β release by inhibiting apoptosis through FasL in periapical periodontitis and prevent exacerbation. Thus, Foxo3a is a potential therapeutic agent for periapical periodontitis.