bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust optimization of gradient RP HPLC method for simultaneous determination of ivabradine and its eleven related substances by AQbD approach
Authors: Tomić Jovana , Djajić Nevena , Agbaba Danica , Otašević Biljana , Malenović Andjelija , Protić Ana 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper is aimed at developing a gradient elution reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the separation of a complex mixture composed of ivabradine and its eleven impurities, in a reasonable timeframe. In order to obtain a robust and reliable HPLC method for separation of this mixture, Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) was applied. This approach demonstrated to be useful in development of a long lasting life cycle methods. Four chromatographic variables were defined as key method parameters (KMPs) and optimized towards the analytical target profile (ATP). Designated KMPs were initial and final amount of acetonitrile in the mobile phase, pH value of the aqueous phase and gradient time, while resolutions of critical peak pairs were denoted as critical method attributes (CMAs). Relationships between KMPs and CMAs were obtained with the aid of Design of Experiments (DoEs) methodology among which Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to gain valid mathematical models. Obtained mathematical equations were used to construct the Design Space (DS) and select reliable optimal separation conditions. They included 11% (v/v) and 34% (v/v) of initial and final amount of acetonitrile, respectively, as well as 45 min of gradient elution time and 20 mM ammonium acetate as aqueous mobile phase with pH set to 7.35. The possibility to separate the diastereoisomers of impurity X was also evaluated. It was demonstrated that this separation could not be achieved in gradient elution mode within the defined variable domains and in a reasonable time span. The developed method was validated according to ICH Q2 (R1) guideline and met all the required criteria.
Early and medium-term results of total joint arthroplasty of first carpo-metacarpal joint
Authors: Simonova Ekaterina N. , Aleksandrov Timofei I. , Prokhorenko Valeriy M. 
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Reviews dedicated to surgical treatment of the first carpo-metacarpal joint repeatedly state that the evaluation of arthroplasty results is difficult. This is due to the small clinical study groups and the lack of description of all types of outcomes.
The aim of the study is to analyze obtained early and midterm results of ceramic CMC-arthroplasty. The endoprosthesis are represented with unbound proximal and distal components made of ceramic material. The interaction of the head and cup is represented with no intersecting forces that impede on the multi-axial movement. The surgical technique of CMC-1 joint arthroplasty prescribes the installation of components by the press-fit fixation. There is a brief emphasis on the features of the joint and contributing factors for the development of risarthrosis. Early results are described. Cases of unsatisfactory outcomes are described separately.
Materials and methods. The study group included patients from 33 to 72 years. The total number of observers was 28 people. We performed revision endoprosthetics in 2 cases (7%), which were associated with aseptic instability of the proximal component according to the osteoporosis. It obvious that endoprosthetics is the only method of orthopedic care that allows maintain mobility and achieve stability of the destroyed CMC joint. Evaluation of the results was carried out by clinical and instrumental methods.
Results. It cannot be denied that the CMC arthroplasty is the only method of orthopedic care that allows to preserve mobility and achieve stability of the broken joint.
Conclusion. Arthroplasty of the carpo-metacarpal joint with ceramic implants is a promising method of orthopedic care, that allows to restore the function of the hand.
Produção de cebola desidratada em Secador Solar Convectivo de Bandeja
Authors: Miranda Sthela Aparecida , Santos Kássia Graciela dos 
Published: February 2021

Nos dias atuais, o aumento do custo da energia tem comprometido a segurança alimentar, pois implica diretamente na preparação e conservação dos alimentos. A energia solar vem destacando por representar uma das fontes não poluente e inesgotável da Terra. Nesse sentido o trabalho propõe o aperfeiçoamento de um equipamento de secagem solar, construído por estudantes de Engenharia Química da UFTM, para a secagem de cebola. Foram realizados testes laboratoriais em infravermelho e estufa a fim de determinar cinética de secagem da cebola, nas temperaturas de 60, 80, 100 e 110 °C. Realizou-se também a caracterização morfológica da partícula. Duas configurações do secador solar foram testadas e comparadas, realizando testes de secagem ao sol em duas condições, alta e baixa velocidade de rotação do ventilador, monitorando a temperatura a cada 30 minutos. A cinética de secagem da cebola foi descrita satisfatoriamente pelos modelos de Page, Midili e o Logarítmo. Os resultados mostraram que a inserção do secador no interior do forno solar apresentou maior eficiência de secagem, principalmente na maior velocidade de rotação do cooler, que promove a convecção forçada. Foram alcançadas temperaturas entre 40° e 60 °C, sendo que baixas razões de umidade foram obtidas quando foram utilizadas duas bandejas no secador.
STRATEGI PASANGAN SUAMI ISTRI DALAM MENJAGA KEHARMONISAN KELUARGA WANITA KARIR (Studi Kasus Wanita Karir di Desa Pucangan, Kelurahan Pucangan, Kecamatan Kartasura)
Authors: Putri Rakhma Annisa , Gutama Thomas Aquinas 
Published: February 2021

<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> This study aims to find out the dual role of women as well as the motivation of women to work in the public sector, and to know the impacts and strategies to maintain family harmony. This research is a qualitative research with case study approach. Data were taken with in-depth interview, observation, and documentation. While the technique of selecting informants used purposive sampling. And the data analysis used interactive model analysis. The research results indicate that the strategies of maintaining family harmony in the career woman are (1) Good communication among family members either direct communication with face to face and indirect communication using mobile phone media (2) Family time by utilizing leisure time with undertake joint activities aimed at closing relationships among family members (3) Commitment between husband and wife to be able to carry out obligations with full responsibility (4) Division of domestic duties.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords</strong> : Strategy, Career Woman, Harmony, Family</p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong>: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran ganda perempuan serta motivasi perempuan untuk bekerja di sektor publik, dan untuk mengetahui dampak dan strategi untuk menjaga keharmonisan keluarga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data diambil dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik pemilihan informan menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan analisis model interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi menjaga kerukunan keluarga dalam karir wanita adalah (1) Komunikasi yang baik antar anggota keluarga baik komunikasi langsung dengan tatap muka dan komunikasi tidak langsung menggunakan media handphone (2) Waktu keluarga dengan memanfaatkan waktu senggang dengan melakukan kegiatan bersama yang bertujuan untuk membuat hubungan antar anggota keluarga semakin dekat (3) Komitmen antara suami dan istri untuk dapat melaksanakan kewajiban dengan penuh tanggung jawab (4) Pembagian tugas rumah tangga.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: Strategi, Karir Wanita, Harmoni, Keluarga</p>
STRATEGI MEMPERTAHANKAN KEUTUHAN KELUARGA SOPIR TRUK BERBASIS MODAL SOSIAL DI SURAKARTA
Authors: Kumara Debby Angga , Pujihartati Sri Hilmi 
Published: February 2021

<p class="Default">The objective of research was to find out the strategy taken by truck driver family to maintain its family intactness and to find out the factors that can result in family intactness among truck drivers. This research employed Robert D. Putnam and Michael Woolcock’s Social Capital. This qualitative research with phenomenological approach was conducted in Surakarta. The sampling technique employed was purposive sampling one. The informant of research consisted of 4 families including 4 truck drivers, 4 drivers’ wives, 3 drivers’ children, and 1 member of surrounding society. Data was collected through observation, interview, and documentation. To validate the data, source triangulation was used. Technique of analyzing data used was an interactive model of analysis from Miles and Huberman. <strong></strong></p>The result of research showed that the strategy of maintaining the intactness of truck driver’s family was taken by all family members including fathers, mothers, and children. The strategy of maintaining family intactness using Putnam’s social capital was understandable. Trust could be seen from openness, honesty, and trust concerning family’s income or expense and many problems. Network could be seen from low education, work system with company, inherited truck driving skill, no talent and competency in other type of job. Norm could be seen from appreciating each other’s right and obligation and livelihood for family members. Meanwhile, the strategy of maintaining family intactness using Woolcock’s social capital was understandable including bonding as indicated with honesty, openness, trust, and smooth communication, intensity of meeting time between truck drivers and families, and individual families’ way of solving problems. Bridging could be seen from individual families with rule/norm developed, obeyed, and implemented to organize their families. Linking could be seen from the work system with distributor company, between truck drivers with their own truck and those working with distributor company using either provision or wholesale system. <p> </p>
Height and Extremity-Length Prediction for Healthy Children Using Age-Based Versus Peak Height Velocity Timing-Based Multipliers
Authors: Sanders James O. , Karbach Lauren E. , Cai Xueya , Gao Shan , Liu Raymond W. , Cooperman Daniel R. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
The age-based multiplier method described by Paley et al. markedly simplifies height and limb length predictions but may not adequately accommodate children’s maturational differences. Multipliers can be derived relative to any maturity measure. This study compares Paley age-based multipliers with those based on peak height velocity (PHV) timing.

Methods:
In a longitudinal cohort of healthy children (66 male and 70 female), actual adult heights and limb lengths were compared with the measurements predicted using the Paley multipliers and multipliers developed relative to PHV timing. The age-based multipliers (adult divided by current) in our series were compared with those reported by Paley et al. to ensure that there were no systematic differences between the series. Absolute differences between the actual and predicted adult heights and limb lengths and the standard deviations of those differences were compared between the 2 methods.

Results:
The average age-based multipliers in our series were nearly identical to those reported by Paley et al. The differences between the predicted and actual adult values showed wide ranges when either the Paley or the PHV multipliers were used during infancy. The Paley method performed better than the PHV method throughout pre-growth-spurt childhood. The PHV-timing-derived multipliers became superior as children entered their growth spurt, whereas the performance of the age-based multipliers worsened. In adolescence, the maximum standard deviation for adult-height-prediction errors with use of the Paley multipliers occurred at the age of 13.5 years for boys and 11.5 years for girls and was 7.0 cm for boys and 5.6 cm for girls. For limb lengths, the maximum standard deviations occurred 6 months earlier and were 3.9 cm for boys and 3.2 cm for girls. The maximum standard deviation for the height prediction error with the age-based method occurred at the average time of PHV for the population. The PHV method became better than the Paley method just before growth-spurt initiation, at age 8 in girls and 11 in boys.

Conclusions:
The age-based multipliers described by Paley et al. are superior to PHV-timing-based multipliers prior to the adolescent growth spurt for predicting height. They become less predictive, with wide standard deviations, as children enter their growth spurts, and PHV-derived multipliers become superior. The Paley height multipliers should be used before the age of 8 years in girls and 11 years in boys. After this, PHV-derived multipliers are superior for height and limb length prediction. In practice, these predictions are currently made using skeletal maturity, which is closely related to PHV during adolescence.
Reverse Allograft-Prosthesis Composite with Pectoralis Major Transfer After Shoulder Osteosarcoma
Authors: Benavente Sergio , Villagra Joaquín , Valenti Philippe 
Published: February 2021

Case report:
We present a case of a 30-year-old man with proximal humerus osteosarcoma and periarticular soft-tissue involvement. Severe humeral and glenoid bone loss was observed, with nonfunctional deltoid after limb-sparing resection and a failed attempt of stabilization. The shoulder was reconstructed using a reverse allograft-prosthesis composite, with deltoid reconstruction by pectoralis major transfer.

Conclusions:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that this reconstruction technique has been reported in an oncological patient. Favorable clinical and radiological results were achieved at the 24-month follow-up.
Regression Analysis of Knowledge and Perceptions of COVID-19 in Relation to Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Levels Towards Practice Modifications Among Physicians, Dentists, Medical Students, and Dental Students in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Region
Authors: Kamal Mohammad , AlAli Ahmad M. , Husain Yousif M. , Abdulwahab Mohammad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has led to unprecedented curfews and restrictions on daily practices and activities. Healthcare professionals, educators, and students need to face various challenges in the era of COVID-19. Our aim is to correlate the knowledge and perception level to COVID-19 among healthcare professionals and students in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region to the self-reported depression, anxiety, and stress levels. Attitude towards outreach and volunteering program was also assed in the study.Methods: Online survey was conducted targeting the following categories from the GCC region: dental and medical students, dentists, and medical doctors. Knowledge level to COVID-19 was assessed using a previously validated survey instrument. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to assess the mental health status. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between adequate COVID-19 knowledge scores and DASS scores for depression, anxiety, stress, and total DASS-21 score. Results: Satisfactory knowledge regarding COVID-19 was associated with higher DASS depression and anxiety scores (p <0.001 and p= 0.001) but not with stress scores (p = 0.657). The satisfactory knowledge group also scored higher in the DASS-21 when compared to unsatisfactory knowledge group (p = 0.012). Conclusion: Increasing depression and anxiety scores and total DASS-21 score were associated with greater odds of having satisfactory knowledge of COVID-19. However, stress scores were not associated with satisfactory knowledge of COVID-19. Medical doctors were the least worried about participating in outreach programs, while dentists and medical students were most concerned.
Study on Demethoxycurcumin as a promising approach to reverse methicillin-resistance of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Li Qian-Qian , Kang Ok-Hwa , Kwon Dong-Yeul 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has always been a thorny pathogen, posing serious threat to public health. Current treatment resort for MRSA infections is still scarce. Research on phytochemical component that can replace antibiotics with limited efficacy may be an innovative method to solve intractable MRSA infections. The present study was devoted to investigating the antibacterial activity of the natural compound demethoxycurcumin (DMC) against MRSA and exploring its possible mechanism for eliminating MRSA resistance.
Methods
The present study determined minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of DMC, oxacillin, ampicillin and gentamicin against MRSA strains by the broth microdilution method. The synergistic effects of DMC and antibiotics were investigated by the checkerboard method and the time-kill assay. The membrane-permeabilizing agents and ATP synthase inhibitors were employed to explore their impact on the antibacterial ability of DMC. Western blot analysis and qRT-PCR were performed to detect the proteins and genes related to drug resistance and S. aureus exotoxins.
Results
The MIC of DMC against MRSA is 62.5 µg/ml by broth microdilution method. The synergy between DMC and gentamicin was confirmed by checkerboard method and time-kill assay. When ATP synthase inhibitors blocked the metabolic ability of bacteria, the antibacterial effect of DMC was enhanced. The production of penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) protein and related genes were reduced by DMC at sub-inhibitory concentrations. In addition, DMC hindered the translation of staphylococcal enterotoxin and the transcription of related gene.
Conclusions
Based on our results, DMC has a significant inhibitory effect on the vitality of MRSA, and it can be inferred that the mechanism by which DMC reverses MRSA resistance is related to the ability of DMC to block resistance determinants (PBP2a and β-lactamase) and S. aureus exotoxin. This study provides experimental evidences that DMC has the potential to be a candidate substance for the treatment of MRSA infections.
Determinants of Modern Contraceptive Methods (MCM) discontinuation among childbearing age women in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Authors: Pemba Nathalie , Luhata Christophe , Ebrahim Shahul H , Mukadi Dalau Nkamba , Lombeya Lise , Colebunders Robert , Ditekemena John 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Family planning (FP) is one of the main strategies to reduce maternal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. However, only 8% of women use modern contraceptive methods in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It is estimated that at least 50% of women stop using Modern Contraceptive Methods (MCM) in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with MCM discontinuation in Kinshasa.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Kinshasa from April through June 2019. Three hundred and eighty-seven women who attended 10 health facilities in 10 health zones of Kinshasa (one facility per health zone) were enrolled in the study. Predictors of modern contraceptive discontinuation were investigated, using Cox regression.
Results: The proportion of MCM discontinuation was 21.4% (95% CI: 17.6-25.8); 60.2% for implants and 24.1% for contraceptive injections. Predictors for dicontinuation were: unemployement (Hz.R = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.35 - 3.70; p = 0.003); having no or only one child (Hz.R = 2.89; 95% CI : 1.43 - 5.85; p = 0.015); using a short-acting method (Hz.R = 4.61; 95% CI: 2.81 - 7.56; p <0.001); lack of sufficient explanations about MCM (Hz.R = 3.14; 95% CI: 1.93-5.11; p <0.001) and side effects (Hz.R = 2.93; 95% CI: 1.79 - 4.80; p = 0.001).
Conclusion: MCM discontinuation was high among women in Kinshasa. While it is important to reinforce strategies to increase MCM uptake, it is also critical to increase its continuation.
Adaptation of Intercultural Sensitivity Scale for Turkish Medical Students
Authors: Özvarış Şevkat Bahar , Doğan Bahar Güçiz , Ünlü Hande Konşuk , Şanver Tuğçe M. , Susuz Çağla , Sullivan Richard 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Different languages and insufficient levels of intercultural sensitivity among healthcare providers hinder migrants from benefiting from health services, resulting in a lack of trust in service providers and non-adherence to the treatment. This study aims to verify the validity and reliability of the “Intercultural Sensitivity Scale” developed by Chen and Starosta among Turkish medical students.
Methods: Data were collected between December 18, 2017, and February 28, 2018, from 667 students. In order to demonstrate the construct validity of the scale, the data were randomly divided into two parts using the functions in the SPSS package program. For the first half of the data (n1=337), exploratory factor analysis (EFA) based on polychoric correlation was applied together with the oblique rotation method. For the second half of the data (n2=330), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) based on polychoric correlations was applied to confirm the factor structure of the scale. In order to demonstrate the reliability of the scale, the Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient, which shows internal consistency, and Spearman-Brown coefficients, which shows the two-half reliability, were calculated.
Results: Of the participants, 52.6% were female and the mean age was 24.2±1.4. Only one-third of the students stated they had knowledge about intercultural sensitivity. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the scale was 0.906. The Spearman-Brown coefficients for the whole scale and its sub-dimensions show that reliability values were also sufficient. In the confirmatory factor analysis, fit indices (RMSEA: 0.077, GFI: 0.98, CFI: 1.00) demonstrated a very good model fit.
Conclusions: These results confirmed that the scale consisting of 23-items and 5-dimensions is a valid and reliable tool and can be used for Grade V and VI Turkish medical students. It is considered that integrating intercultural sensitivity training in undergraduate education of physicians would help to increase the number of physicians who are sensitive to different cultures and thus contribute to reducing disparities in healthcare provision.
Keywords: intercultural sensitivity, scale, medical education, reliability-validity, confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha