bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-association between low vitamin d levels and aeroallergen-positivity evaluated using multiple allergen simultaneous test in Korean adults
Authors: Wee Jee Hye , Cho Sung Woo , Kim Jeong-Whun , Rhee Chae-Seo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Studies on the association between vitamin D levels and allergen sensitization have reported conflicting results. We aimed to evaluate the association between low vitamin D levels and sensitization to 59 aeroallergens in Korean adults.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) measurements of participants (n = 57,467) in a healthcare center between May 2003 and June 2020. Serum 25(OH)D levels were categorized as follows: severe deficiency (< 10 ng/mL), deficiency (10 to < 20 ng/mL), insufficiency (20 to < 30 ng/mL), and sufficiency (≥ 30 ng/mL). Among all subjects, 1277 simultaneously underwent the multiple allergen simultaneous test. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were used to estimate coefficients and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between serum vitamin D deficiency and aeroallergen sensitization after adjustment for potential confounders. Subgroup analyses were conducted for the types of aeroallergen (house dust mites, pollens, animal dander, foods, cockroach, and fungus).

Results
Vitamin D deficiency, defined as serum 25(OH)D level < 20 ng/mL, was noted in 56.4% of participants. There were significant differences in serum 25(OH)D levels according to sex, age, season, and bone mineral density (all P < 0.001). In multiple linear regression analyses, serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in young subjects (adjusted coefficient [95% CI], 0.188 [0.101, 0.275]) and during winter (− 4.114 [− 6.528, − 1.699]). However, no significant association was observed between serum 25(OH)D levels and allergen sensitization (adjusted coefficients [95% CI], − 0.211 [− 1.989, 1.567], P = 0.816). In multivariate logistic regression analyses, male sex, young age, and winter season were significant risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. However, allergen sensitization showed no significant association with 25(OD)D levels after adjusting for confounders (adjusted OR [95% CI], 1.037 [0.642, 1.674] in insufficiency; 0.910 [0.573, 1.445] in deficiency; 0.869 [0.298, 2.539] in severe deficiency groups, P for trend = 0.334). There were consistent findings across subgroups regarding type of aeroallergen sensitized.

Conclusion
Vitamin D deficiency was prevalent but was not significantly associated with aeroallergen sensitization in Korean adults. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first large-scale study to evaluate the association between vitamin D deficiency and sensitization to 59 different aeroallergens.
The antinuclear antibody HEp-2 indirect immunofluorescence assay: a survey of laboratory performance, pattern recognition and interpretation
Authors: Tebo Anne E. , Schmidt Robert L. , Kadkhoda Kamran , Peterson Lisa K. , Chan Edward K. L. , Fritzler Marvin J. , Wener Mark H. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the interpretation and reporting of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using HEp-2 substrates based on common practice and guidance by the International Consensus on ANA patterns (ICAP).

Method
Participants included two groups [16 clinical laboratories (CL) and 8 in vitro diagnostic manufacturers (IVD)] recruited via an email sent to the Association of Medical Laboratory Immunologists (AMLI) membership. Twelve (n = 12) pre-qualified specimens were distributed to participants for testing, interpretation and reporting HEp-2 IFA. Results obtained were analyzed for accuracy with the intended and consensus response for three main categorical patterns (nuclear, cytoplasmic and mitotic), common patterns and ICAP report nomenclatures. The distributions of antibody titers of specimens were also compared.

Results
Laboratories differed in the categorical patterns reported; 8 reporting all patterns, 3 reporting only nuclear patterns and 5 reporting nuclear patterns with various combinations of other patterns. For all participants, accuracy with the intended response for the categorical nuclear pattern was excellent at 99% [95% confidence interval (CI): 97–100%] compared to 78% [95% CI 67–88%] for the cytoplasmic, and 93% [95% CI 86%–100%] for mitotic patterns. The accuracy was 13% greater for the common nomenclature [87%, 95% CI 82–90%] compared to the ICAP nomenclature [74%, 95% CI 68–79%] for all participants. Participants reporting all three main categories demonstrated better performances compared to those reporting 2 or less categorical patterns. The average accuracies varied between participant groups, however, with the lowest and most variable performances for cytoplasmic pattern specimens. The reported titers for all specimens varied, with the least variability for nuclear patterns and most titer variability associated with cytoplasmic patterns.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated significant accuracy for all participants in identifying the categorical nuclear staining as well as traditional pattern assignments for nuclear patterns. However, there was less consistency in reporting cytoplasmic and mitotic patterns, with implications for assigning competencies and training for clinical laboratory personnel.
$(r_{1},r_{2})$-Cesàro summable sequence space of non-absolute type and the involved pre-quasi ideal
Authors: Bakery Awad A. , Mohamed OM Kalthum S. K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe suggest a sufficient setting on any linear space of sequences$\mathcal{V}$Vsuch that the class$\mathbb{B}^{s}_{\mathcal{V}}$BVsof all bounded linear mappings between two arbitrary Banach spaces with the sequence ofs-numbers in$\mathcal{V}$Vconstructs a map ideal. We define a new sequence space$(\mathit{ces}_{r_{1},r_{2}}^{t} )_{\upsilon }$(cesr1,r2t)υfor definite functionalυby the domain of$(r_{1},r_{2})$(r1,r2)-Cesàro matrix in$\ell _{t}$ℓt, where$r_{1},r_{2}\in (0,\infty )$r1,r2∈(0,∞)and$1\leq t<\infty $1≤t<∞. We examine some geometric and topological properties of the multiplication mappings on$(\mathit{ces}_{r_{1},r_{2}}^{t} )_{\upsilon }$(cesr1,r2t)υand the pre-quasi ideal$\mathbb{B}^{s}_{ (\mathit{ces}_{r_{1},r_{2}}^{t} )_{\upsilon }}$B(cesr1,r2t)υs.
A study on controllability of impulsive fractional evolution equations via resolvent operators
Authors: Gou Haide , Li Yongxiang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this article, we study the controllability for impulsive fractional integro-differential evolution equation in a Banach space. The discussions are based on the Mönch fixed point theorem as well as the theory of fractional calculus and the$(\alpha ,\beta )$(α,β)-resolvent operator, we concern with the term$u'(\cdot )$u′(⋅)and finding a controlvsuch that the mild solution satisfies$u(b)=u_{b}$u(b)=uband$u'(b)=u'_{b}$u′(b)=ub′. Finally, we present an application to support the validity study.
On Chandrasekhar functional integral inclusion and Chandrasekhar quadratic integral equation via a nonlinear Urysohn–Stieltjes functional integral inclusion
Authors: El-Sayed Ahmed , Al-Issa Shorouk , Omar Yasmin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe investigate the existence of solutions for a nonlinear integral inclusion of Urysohn–Stieltjes type. As applications, we give a Chandrasekhar quadratic integral equation and a nonlinear Chandrasekhar integral inclusion.
Measles dynamics on network models with optimal control strategies
Authors: Xue Yuyi , Ruan Xiaoe , Xiao Yanni 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTo investigate the influences of heterogeneity and waning immunity on measles transmission, we formulate a network model with periodic transmission rate, and theoretically examine the threshold dynamics. We numerically find that the waning of immunity can lead to an increase in the basic reproduction number$R_{0}$R0and the density of infected individuals. Moreover, there exists a critical level for average degree above which$R_{0}$R0increases quicker in the scale-free network than in the random network. To design the effective control strategies for the subpopulations with different activities, we examine the optimal control problem of the heterogeneous model. Numerical studies suggest us no matter what the network is, we should implement control measures as soon as possible once the outbreak takes off, and particularly, the subpopulation with high connectivity should require high intensity of interventions. However, with delayed initiation of controls, relatively strong control measures should be given to groups with medium degrees. Furthermore, the allocation of costs (or resources) should coincide with their contact patterns.
Novel tools and methods for designing and wrangling multifunctional, machine-readable evidence synthesis databases
Authors: Haddaway Neal R. , Gray Charles T. , Grainger Matthew 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOne of the most important steps in the process of conducting a systematic review or map is data extraction and the production of a database of coding, metadata and study data. There are many ways to structure these data, but to date, no guidelines or standards have been produced for the evidence synthesis community to support their production. Furthermore, there is little adoption of easily machine-readable, readily reusable and adaptable databases: these databases would be easier to translate into different formats by review authors, for example for tabulation, visualisation and analysis, and also by readers of the review/map. As a result, it is common for systematic review and map authors to produce bespoke, complex data structures that, although typically provided digitally, require considerable efforts to understand, verify and reuse. Here, we report on an analysis of systematic reviews and maps published by the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence, and discuss major issues that hamper machine readability and data reuse or verification. We highlight different justifications for the alternative data formats found: condensed databases; long databases; and wide databases. We describe these challenges in the context of data science principles that can support curation and publication of machine-readable, Open Data. We then go on to make recommendations to review and map authors on how to plan and structure their data, and we provide a suite of novel R-based functions to support efficient and reliable translation of databases between formats that are useful for presentation (condensed, human readable tables), filtering and visualisation (wide databases), and analysis (long databases). We hope that our recommendations for adoption of standard practices in database formatting, and the tools necessary to rapidly move between formats will provide a step-change in transparency and replicability of Open Data in evidence synthesis.
Systematic screening on admission for SARS-CoV-2 to detect asymptomatic infections
Authors: Stadler Rahel N. , Maurer Laura , Aguilar-Bultet Lisandra , Franzeck Fabian , Ruchti Chantal , Kühl Richard , Widmer Andreas F. , Schindler Ruth , Bingisser Roland , Rentsch Katharina M. , Pargger Hans , Sutter Raoul , Steiner Luzius , Meier Christoph , Kübler Werner , Hirsch Hans H. , Egli Adrian , Battegay Manuel , Bassetti Stefano , Tschudin-Sutter Sarah 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe proportion of asymptomatic carriers of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains elusive and the potential benefit of systematic screening during the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic is controversial. We investigated the proportion of asymptomatic inpatients who were identified by systematic screening for SARS-CoV-2 upon hospital admission. Our analysis revealed that systematic screening of asymptomatic inpatients detects a low total number of SARS-CoV-2 infections (0.1%), questioning the cost–benefit ratio of this intervention. Even when the population-wide prevalence was low, the proportion of asymptomatic carriers remained stable, supporting the need for universal infection prevention and control strategies to avoid onward transmission by undetected SARS-CoV-2-carriers during the pandemic.
Navigating complexity to support justice-involved youth with FASD and other neurodevelopmental disabilities: needs and challenges of a regional workforce
Authors: Pedruzzi Rebecca Anne , Hamilton Olivia , Hodgson Helena H. A. , Connor Elizabeth , Johnson Elvira , Fitzpatrick James 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Young people with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) can face significant challenges in their lives, including overrepresentation in the justice system from a young age. Police questioning and court proceedings can be difficult for these young people to navigate. Practice and policy responses are necessary to identify these individuals, provide appropriate support/rehabilitation, and upskill the justice workforce. The aim of this research was to determine the unmet workforce development needs of a regional workforce providing care and support to youth involved with the justice system. Interviews were conducted with 29 participants from 14 organisations to understand the support provided to youth, existence and uptake of referral pathways, and unmet needs.

Results
Results revealed a workforce that wants to see improvements to outcomes for young people with FASD and other neurodevelopmental disabilities who enter the youth justice system. However more support is required through training, ongoing funding, and assistance to develop FASD informed work practices.

Conclusions
The workforce supporting youth to navigate the justice system requires practical interventions to achieve best practice so that young people with FASD and other neurodevelopmental disabilities receive the support that they need. Following the interviews a model of care tool was developed and piloted in the sector. The tool includes current pathways through the justice system and provides resources to assist staff in achieving best practice care for young people with FASD and other neurodevelopmental disabilities.
Teachers’ experienced classroom demands and autonomic stress reactions: results of a pilot study and implications for process-oriented research in vocational education and training
Authors: Kärner Tobias , Höning Jana 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo examine relationships between teachers’ experienced classroom demands and autonomic stress reactions, we report the results of a pilot study. Based on an integrative literature review, we identified and described the following situational classroom demands: time and work pressure (including missing rest periods, time pressure, and pressure to get through the subject matter), vocal strain, uncertainty concerning the subject matter, uncertainty concerning didactical decisions, achievement-related diversity in class, lack of social appreciation, disquietude in class, classroom disturbances, behavioral problems of students, insufficient skills and concentration of students, and insufficient motivation of students.MethodThese identified categories of teachers’ situational classroom demands are the basis for the empirical item identification and selection (Study A). The identified items were used in a single-case, short-term longitudinal study in which we examined relationships between experienced classroom demands and autonomic stress reactions as well as between autonomic stress reactions and affective stress experience via first-order vector autoregressive modeling (Study B).ResultsConcerning our hypotheses, we found evidence that some of the experienced classroom demands (“I cannot respond to students’ different needs”; “There is disquietude in class”) had time-lagged associations with autonomic stress measures. Furthermore, we found that physiological arousal triggers affective stress experience due to a time-lagged effect.ConclusionThe research approach and results of our pilot study can be the basis for further process-oriented research in vocational education and training (VET). From a practical point of view, our results on experienced classroom demands could be used in VET teacher education to prepare student teachers for specific skills to cope with such demands.
Comparison of miRNA expressions among benign, premalignant and malignant lesions of the larynx: Could they be transformation biomarkers?
Authors: Tuncturk Fatma Ruya , Akalin Ibrahim , Uzun Lokman , Zenginkinet Tulay 
Published: February 2021

Background The malignancy potential of the laryngeal lesions are one of the major concerns of the surgeons about choosing the treatment options, forming surgical margins, deciding the follow-up periods. Finding a biomarker to overcome these concerns are ongoing challenges and recently microRNAs (miRNAs) are attributed as possible candidates since they can regulate gene expressions in the human genome. The objective of our study was to investigate their capability as a transformation biomarker for malignant laryngeal lesions. Materials and methods We investigated mature miRNA expressions in paraffin-embedded surgical specimens of human laryngeal tissues grouped as benign, premalignant or malignant ( n = 10 in each). miRNA profiling was carried out by quantitative Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and data were analyzed according to fold regulation. Results Our results demonstrated that 9 miRNAs were upregulated as the lesions become more malignant. Among them Hs_miR-183_5p, Hs_miR-155_5p, and Hs_miR-106b_3p expressions were significantly 4.16 ( p = 0.032), 2.72 ( p = 0.028) and 3.01 ( p = 0.022) fold upregulated respectively in premalignant lesions compared to the benign lesions. Moreover, their expressions were approximately 2.76 fold higher in the malignant group than in the premalignant group compared to the benign group. Besides them, significant 7.57 ( p = 0.036), 4.45 ( p = 0.045) and 5.98 ( p = 0.023) fold upregulations of Hs_miR-21_5p, Hs_miR-218_3p, and Hs_miR-210_3p were noticed in the malignant group but not in the premalignant group when compared to the benign group, respectively. Conclusion MiRNAs might have important value to help the clinicians for their concerns about the malignancy potentials of the laryngeal lesions. Hs_miR-183_5p, Hs_miR-155_5p, and Hs_miR-106b_3p might be followed as transformation marker, whereas Hs_miR-21_5p, Hs_miR-218_3p, and Hs_miR-210_3p might be a biomarker prone to malignancy.
Evaluation of NaCl and MgCl2 heat exchange fluids in a deep binary geothermal system in a sedimentary halite formation
Authors: Moore Kayla R. , Holländer Hartmut M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHalite formations are attractive geothermal reservoirs due to their high heat conductivity, resulting in higher temperatures than other formations at similar depths. However, halite formations are highly reactive with undersaturated water. An understanding of the geochemical reactions that occur within halite-saturated formation waters can inform decision making regarding well construction, prevention of well clogging, formation dissolution, and thermal short-circuiting. Batch reaction and numerical 3-D flow and equilibrium reactive transport modeling were used to characterize the produced NaCl-brine in a well targeting a halite-saturated formation. The potential for inhibition of precipitation and dissolution using an MgCl2-brine and NaCl + MgCl2-brine were also investigated. Within the injection well, heating of an NaCl-brine from 70 to 120 °C caused the solubility of halite to decrease, resulting in the potential dissolution of 0.479 mol kg−1halite at the formation. Conversely, cooling from 120 to 100 °C in the production well resulted in potential precipitation of 0.196 mol kg−1halite. Concurrent precipitation of anhydrite is also expected. Introduction of MgCl2 into the heat exchange brine, which has a common Cl−ion, resulted in a decreased potential for dissolution by 0.290 mol kg−1halite within the formation, as well as decreased precipitation within the production well, compared to the NaCl-brine. The halite solubility was altered by changes in pressure up to 0.045 mol kg−1. This indicates that designing and monitoring the composition of heat exchange fluids in highly saline environments is an important component in geothermal project design.
Weights of evidence modeling for landslide susceptibility mapping of Kabi-Gebro locality, Gundomeskel area, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Getachew Nega , Meten Matebie 
Published: February 2021

AbstractKabi-Gebro locality of Gundomeskel area is located within the Abay Basin at Dera District of North Shewa Zone in the Central highland of Ethiopia and it is about 320Km from Addis Ababa. This is characterized by undulating topography, intense rainfall, active erosion and highly cultivated area. Geologically, it comprises weathered sedimentary and volcanic rocks. Active landslides damaged the gravel road, houses and agricultural land. The main objective of this research is to prepare the landslide susceptibility map using GIS-based Weights of Evidence model. Based on detailed field assessment and Google Earth image interpretation, 514 landslides were identified and classified randomly into training landslides (80%) and validation landslides (20%). The most common types of landslides in the study area include earth slide (rotational and translational slide), debris slide, debris flow, rock fall, topple, rock slide, creep and complex. Nine landslide causative factors such as lithology, slope, aspect, curvature, land use/land cover, distance to stream, distance to lineament, distance to spring and rainfall were used to prepare a landslide susceptibility map of the study area by adding the weights of contrast values of these causative factors using a rater calculator of the spatial analyst tool in ArcGIS. The final landslide susceptibility map was reclassified as very low, low, moderate, high and very high susceptibility classes. This susceptibility map was validated using landslide density index and area under the curve (AUC). The result from this model validation showed a success rate and a validation rate accuracy of 82.4% and 83.4% respectively. Finally, implementing afforestation strategies on bare land, constructing surface drainage channels & ditches, providing engineering reinforcements such as gabion walls, retaining walls, anchors and bolts whenever necessary and prohibiting hazardous zones can be recommended in order to lessen the impact of landslides in this area.