bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-pulling Force and Displacement Deformation Analysis of the Anchor Pulling System of the New Debris Flow Grille Dam
Authors: WANG Yongsheng , LV Baohong , Liu Jianshe , Zhang Xiaobin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
To avoid waste from a large section space structure layout and deep burial to improve the structural strength and stability, anchor technology is introduced, and combined with the advantages of the supporting wall, a new debris flow grille dam is proposed. Starting from the force process and damage mechanism of the new debris flow grille dam, the computation formula for the anti-pulling force and the total displacement is given. The anti-pulling force includes the sidewall frictional resistance of the anchor pier and the positive pressure of the front end face of the anchor pier. The total displacement includes three parts: the elastic deformation of the cable, the relative shear displacement between the anchor pier and the surrounding soil, and the compression deformation of the soil at the front of the anchor pier. Finally, the influence of soil parameters and anchor pier size on the anti-pulling force and displacement deformation of the anchor-pulling system is analyzed by examples, and the results are compared with the numerical results. The results show that the displacement deformation decreases gradually with increasing elastic modulus of the soil around the anchor pier and increases with increasing Poisson's ratio. The change in elastic modulus mainly affects the relative shear displacement of the anchor pier and soil and the compressive deformation of the soil at the front end of the anchor pier. Poisson's ratio has the greatest influence on the relative shear displacement of the anchor pier and soil. A larger anchor pier is not better; thus, it is wise to choose the economic design dimension. Theoretical and numerical simulation results are consistent, showing a linear growth trend. The results of this paper can further improve the theoretical calculation method of the new debris flow grille dam, thus making it widely used in more debris flow control projects.
Peripartum traditional medicine use and surgical site infections: A prospective cohort of women delivering via cesarean section in rural Rwanda
Authors: Bikorimana Laban , Oryono Andrew , Miranda Elizabeth , Niyigena Anne , Alayande Barnabas , Niyonkuru Mathieu , Goodman Andreas S. , Kateera Fredrick , Riviello Robert , Hakizimana Sadoscar , Boatin Adeline , Mazimpaka Christian , Hedt-Gauthier Bethany 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background Traditional medicine is commonly used in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Little is known about the use of traditional medicine among women undergoing cesarean section (c-section) and the association to surgical site infections (SSIs) in LMICs. In this study, we describe peripartum use of traditional medicines and the risk of SSIs among women delivering via c-section in rural Rwanda.Methods This prospective cohort study enrolled women who underwent c-section at Kirehe District Hospital in rural Rwanda between September 2019 and February 2020. We collected self-reported data regarding traditional medicine use before and during pregnancy and after discharge up to postoperative day (POD) 11. On POD 11 (+/- 3 days), the women returned to the hospital for a study follow-up visit. We used Fisher’s exact test to assess the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and traditional medicine use, and logistic regression to determine the association between traditional medicine use and SSI development while controlling for confounders. Results Of the 841 women enrolled in this study, 45 (5.4%) reported using traditional medicine to get pregnant. Nearly 39% used traditional medicine during pregnancy; the majority (96.9%) for a pregnancy-related reason. Only four women (0.5%) reported traditional medicine use between c-section and the POD 11 study visit. Of the 775 women who responded at all time-points, 341 (44.0%) reported using traditional medicine at some point during pregnancy or c-section recovery. No demographic characteristics were significantly associated with traditional medicine use (p>0.05), except for smoking (p=0.048) and alcohol consumption (p=0.010). Both traditional medicine use during pregnancy (p=0.04, aOR=2.0, 95% CI: 1.05, 3.85) and at any time point (p=0.04, aOR=2.0, 95% CI: 1.04, 3.83) were associated with development of SSI.Conclusions Traditional medicine use among c-section patients was high in the peripartum period, particularly during pregnancy, and was significantly associated with SSI. Knowing patterns of traditional medicine use during the peripartum period can help providers collaborate with traditional healers and give appropriate, culturally-sensitive pregnancy and postoperative care and counseling to patients.
Kinetic Modeling and Process Analysis for Photo-Production of β-Carotene in Dunaliella Salina
Authors: Xi Yimei , Zhang Jiali , Kong Fantao , Che Jian , Chi Zhanyou 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Dunaliella salina is a green alga with the great potential to generate natural β-carotene. However, the corresponding mathematical models to guide optimized production of β-carotene in Dunaliella salina is not yet available. In this study, dynamic models were proposed to simulate effects of environmental factors on cell growth and β-carotene production in D. salina using online monitoring system. Moreover, the identification model of the parameter variables was established, and an adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm based on parameter sensitivity analysis was constructed to solve the premature problem of particle swarm algorithm. The proposed kinetic model is characterized by high accuracy and predictability through experimental verification, which indicates its competence for future process design, control and optimization. Based on the model established in this study, the optimal environment factors for both β-carotene production and microalgae growth were identified. The approaches created are potentially useful for microalgae cultivation and high-value compounds production.
Anti-RA33 antibodies are present in a subset of patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Cappelli Laura , III Clifton O. Bingham , Forde Patrick M. , Anagnostou Valsamo , Brahmer Julie , Lipson Evan J. , Mammen Jennifer S. , Schollenberger Megan , Shah Ami A. , Darrah Erika 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment for cancer are typically seronegative for anti-CCP antibodies and rheumatoid factor, but little is known about the presence of other autoantibodies described in early inflammatory arthritis in this patient population. We investigated the prevalence and characteristics of anti-RA33 antibodies in patients with ICI-induced IA.
Methods

Anti-RA33 ELISAs were performed on sera from four groups of patients: 79 with ICI-induced IA, 52 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 35 treated with ICIs without IA during follow-up, and 50 healthy controls. Anti-RA33 positivity and titer, clinical and demographic data were compared across groups.
Results

Anti-RA33 antibodies were found in 9/79 (11.4%) patients with ICI-induced IA but in 0/35 patients treated with ICIs who did not develop IA (0%; p=0.04). Of the 9 patients positive for anti-RA33, two had sera available from before ICI treatment; anti-RA33 antibodies were present in both pre-ICI treatment. In RA patients, 7.7% were positive for anti-RA33 antibodies as were 2% of healthy controls. In ICI-induced IA, anti-RA33 antibodies were associated with anti-CCP antibodies (p=0.001). We found no statistically significant differences in other clinical characteristics in those with and without anti-RA33 antibodies, but we observed trends toward anti-RA33 antibodies being more common in women and those receiving prior radiation therapy.
Conclusions

Anti-RA33 antibodies are present in a subset of patients with ICI-induced IA and may be a biomarker for developing IA. Additional studies evaluating serial samples before and after ICI treatment will further establish the temporal relationship of these antibodies to IA development.
How urban forest can support Protected Areas connectivity?
Authors: Ribeiro Marina Pannunzio , de Mello Kaline , Valente Roberta Averna 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The highly modified urban matrix becomes an inhospitable environment for many species because the natural vegetation fragments are highly fragmented and often isolated in the landscape. Protected Areas (PAs) located closer or within urban areas may not achieve their goal of protecting local or regional biodiversity. Thus, the proposition of ecological corridors aims to connect the PAs, providing the dispersion of species in anthropogenic landscapes. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the PAs connectivity in an urban landscape and understand if urban forest fragments can support their connectivity, generating important information for biodiversity conservation and urban planning. For this, we used models based on Graph Theory to assess the functional connectivity among PAs. The focal species used were Atlantic Forest birds. We used the participatory technique to assess their dispersal capabilities, and this information was used to create a resistance surface map. The focal species movement in the landscape was modeled through Graph Theory. This model evaluated the functional connectivity and extracted the least-cost paths between PAs and other forest fragments that designed the urban ecological network. We identified that few PAs are connected in the urban landscape of Sorocaba city and its surroundings and 28 forest fragments that are important to support the connectivity among PAs. Among these, only four fragments are located within a PA. The other 24 forest fragments located outside PAs should be the center of attention for forest conservation and restoration actions, as they can improve the connectivity between the PAs. Our results show that PAs connectivity in urban landscapes depends on incentives for native vegetation conservation on private lands once most of the important forest fragments for the PAs connectivity are located in these areas. In addition, the restoration of riparian zones is important because they compose a great ecological corridor in the urban landscape. Strategies that increase the permeability of the matrix (e.g., increasing green spaces and gardens) and restoring target fragments are also important. Finally, land-use planning, focusing on natural ecosystem conservation and combating urban sprawl, is necessary to promote PAs connectivity in urban landscapes.
Age-Specific Trend and Birth Cohort Effect on Different Histologic Types of Uterine Corpus Cancers
Authors: Tai Yi-Jou , Chiang Chun-Ju , Chiang Ying-Cheng , Wu Chia-Ying , Lee Wen-Chung , Cheng Wen-Fang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
To evaluate the uterine corpus cancer incidence rates, age-specific trends and birth cohort patterns by different histologic types. From the Taiwan Cancer Registry, we identified women with a primary diagnosis of uterine corpus cancer (n=28 769) from1998 to 2017. We analyzed the incidences, stages of disease at diagnosis and prognostic factors in endometrioid and non-endometrioid carcinoma. During the study period, uterine corpus cancer incidence rates increased over time from 5.3 to 15.21 per 100 000 woman-years. Incidence trends for endometrioid carcinoma increased in all age groups and the rise was steeper in women age 40 years and younger. For non-endometrioid carcinomas, incidence rates increased in women over 50 years. Women diagnosed after 2013 had significantly better cancer-specific survival (CSS) (hazard ratio [HR] =0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73-0.89) compared with those at the period of 2009-2012. CSS also improved in stage I (HR=0.81, 95% CI 0.49-0.63) and stage III (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.58-0.72) endometrioid carcinomas after 2013. Whereas CSS remained unchanged for non-endometrioid carcinomas. We found the incidences of both endometrioid and non-endometrioid carcinomas continued to increase among contemporary birth cohorts. Etiologic research is mandatory to explain the causes for these trends.
Evolutionary engineering of Wickerhamomyces subpelliculosus and Kazachstania gamospora for baking
Authors: Semumu Thandiwe , Gamero Amparo , Boekhout Teun , Zhou Nerve 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The conventional baker’s yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae , is an indispensable baking workhorse of all times. Its monopoly coupled to its major drawbacks such as streamlined carbon substrate utilisation base and a poor ability to withstand a number of baking associated stresses prompt the need to search for alternative yeasts to leaven bread in the era of increasingly complex consumer lifestyles. Our previous work identified the inefficient baking attributes of Wickerhamomyces subpelliculosus and Kazachstania gamospora as well as preliminarily observations of improving fermentative capacity of potential alternative baker’s yeasts using evolutionary engineering. Here we report the characterisation and improvement in baking traits in five out of six independently evolved lines incubated for longer time and passaged for at least 60 cycles relative to their parental strains as well as the conventional baker’s yeast. In addition, evolved clones produced bread with a higher loaf volume when compared to bread baked with either ancestral strain or the control conventional baker’s yeast. Remarkably, our approach improved the yeasts’ ability to withstand baking associated stresses, a key baking trait exhibited poorly in both the conventional baker’s yeast and their ancestral strains. W. subpelliculosus evolved the best characteristics attractive for alternative baker’s yeasts as compared to the evolved K. gamospora strains. These results demonstrate the robustness of evolutionary engineering in development of alternative baker’s yeasts.
Determinants of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes Among Mothers Who Gave Birth at Selected Governmental Hospitals in Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Keto Terefe , Darekiyab Isrel , Tebeka Melese 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Perinatal outcomes refer to life events that occur to the newborn baby from the age of viability (28 weeks) to the first week of life. The transition of fetus immersed in the amniotic fluid to life outside the womb is not always smooth and can result in adverse events to the mother or the baby. Adverse perinatal outcome is the major challenge both in low and middle-income countries. Globally, adverse birth outcomes commonly preterm birth, low birth weight, stillbirth and neonatal death are significant problems. Neonatal morbidities and mortalities are one of the most common contributing factors for11.8 million deaths. Despite ample strategies and interventions, prevention of adverse birth outcomes has remained largely unaddressed. Objectives: the main objectives of this study is to assess the determinants of adverse perinatal outcome among mothers who gave birth at selected governmental hospital in southwest Ethiopia Methods: This study was done using data from three selected governmental Hospital found in southwest Ethiopia. Facility based unmatched case control study design was carried out from May 5 to June15, 2021.The data was collected through interview by considering COVID-19 prevention protocol.Total of 310 study subject was included in the study. An individual was selected through consecutive sampling techniques. Data was entered using EpiData and analysed by using SPSS version 23. A threshold p value of less ≤ 0.05 was used to declare significance association between perinatal outcomes and its predictors in the chi-square test. Bivariate logistic regression was done. Variables which were significantly associated with perinatal outcomes in bivariate logistic regressions were included in the multiple logistic regressions. Result: adverse perinatal outcome was 5.9 times higher in mother who had unplanned pregnancy (AOR: 5.9(2.16, 16.16),3.48 times higher among mother who did not received iron during pregnancy(AOR: 3.48(1.24, 9.73) and, 5 times higher risk in mother with history of chronic hypertension (AOR: 5.11(1.98, 13.17) .In contrast, the risk was (AOR: 0.33(.17, .62) and (AOR: 0.43(.22, .87)lower among mother who were urban residence and who had term birth. Conclusion: Special emphasis should be given to women whose residence is rural, who have unplanned pregnancy, preterm birth and women with history of chronic hypertension and iron supplement were identified as protective factor to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Proteome and Transcriptome Analysis of Gonads Reveals Intersex in Gigantidas Haimaensis
Authors: Shi Yu , Yao Gaoyou , Zhang Hua , Jia Huixia , Xiong Panpan , He Maoxian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sex has proven to be one of the most intriguing areas of research across evolution, development, and ecology. Intersex or sex change occurs frequently in molluscs. The deep-sea mussel Gigantidas haimaensis often dominates within Haima cold seep ecosystems, but details of their reproduction remain unknown. Herein, we conducted a combined proteomic and transcriptomic analysis of G. haimaensis gonads to provide a systematic understanding of sexual development in deep-sea bivalves. A total of 2,452 out of 42,238 genes (5.81%) and 288 out of 7,089 proteins (4.06%) were significantly differentially expressed between ovaries and testes with a false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05. Candidate genes involved in sexual development were identified; among 12 differentially expressed genes between sexes, four ovary-biased genes (β-catenin, fem-1, forkhead box L2 and membrane progestin receptor α) were expressed significantly higher in males than females. Combining histological characteristics implied that these genes may be involved in oogenesis in intersex gonads, consistent with the prevalence of sex change, and gonads may tend to convert from male to female in G. haimaensis. The results suggest that this adaptation may be based on local environmental factors, sedentary lifestyles, and patchy distribution, and sex change may facilitate adaptation to a changing environment and expansion of the population. The findings provide a valuable genetic resource to better understand the mechanisms of sex change and survival strategies in deep-sea bivalves.
Abnormalities in Resting-State EEG Microstates are a Vulnerability Marker of Migraine
Authors: Li Yansong , Chen Guoliang , Lv Jing , Dong Zhao , Wang Rongfei , Su Min , Yu Shengyuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Resting-state EEG microstates are thought to reflect brief activations of several interacting components of resting-state brain networks. Surprisingly, we still know little about the role of these microstates in migraine. In the present study, we attempted to address this issue by examining EEG microstates in patients with migraine without aura (MwoA) during the interictal period and comparing them with those of a group of healthy controls (HC). Methods: Resting-state EEG was recorded in 61 MwoA patients (50 females) and 66 HC (50 females). Microstate parameters were compared between the two groups. We computed four widely identified canonical microstate classes A-D.Results: Microstate classes B and D displayed higher time coverage and occurrence in the MwoA patient group than in the HC group, while microstate class C exhibited significantly lower time coverage and occurence in the MwoA patient group. Meanwhile, the mean duration of microstate class C was significantly shorter in the MwoA patient group than in the HC group. Moreover, among the MwoA patient group, the duration of microstate class C correlated negatively with clinical measures of headache‐related disability as assessed by the six-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6). Finally, microstate syntax analysis showed significant differences in transition probabilities between the two groups, primarily involving microstate classes B, C and D. Conclusions: By exploring EEG microstate characteristics at baseline we were able to explore the neurobiological mechanisms underlying altered cortical excitability and aberrant sensory, affective and cognitive processing, thus deepening our understanding of migraine pathophysiology.
Phase Transformation Path in Aluminum Under Ramp Compression; Simulation and Experimental Study
Authors: He Lijie , Polsin Danae , Zhang Shuai , Collins Gilbert W. , Abdolrahim Niaz 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Identifying structure phase transformation path is essential but challenging in plastic deformation under high-pressure high-strain rate experiments. In this paper, we adopt a framework based on non-equilibrium molecular dynamics and virtual diffraction to reproduce the phase transformation event observed in laser-driven ramp compression. Our simulation results reveal the detailed phase transformation pathway with atomic-level deformation physics while the simulated stress-density response and virtual diffraction patterns match the experimental observation with great accuracy.
Surgical Treatment and Muscle Protein Analysis of V-pattern Exotropia in Craniosynostosis
Authors: Liu Qingyu , Li Yuan , Wang Siying , Zheng Wenjing , Ye Han , Li Wen , Qiao Tong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the differences of V-pattern exotropia in craniosynostosis and normal children.Methods: 39 children were included in this study, 19 craniosynostosis and 20 children in control group. They underwent comprehensive ocular examinations and received strabismus surgery. The extraocular muscle samples were analysed.Results: Compared with the control group, craniosynostosis group had larger deviation in primary and up gaze, larger V pattern, and more severe inferior oblique overaction. For 20-40, and 50-60 prism diopter exotropia, the lateral recession in the craniosynostosis group was larger than that in the control group, 7.13±0.44 mm vs 6.71±0.47 mm, 8.90±0.21 mm vs 7.75±0.46 mm (p=0.025, 0.000). The anterior transposition of craniosynostosis group was more anterior than that of control group, posterior 1.03±1.24 vs 2.68±0.94 mm (p=0.000). Compared with the control group, the extraocular muscle abnormality in craniosynostosis was significant, 32% vs 5% (p=0.031). There were 40 proteins in craniosynostosis group, which were different from those in control group.Conclusions: A larger V pattern and larger deviation is common in craniosynostosis children. For the same PD of deviation, it usually needs more recession in craniosynostosis because of the thinner and weaker extraocular muscles.