bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16: Presentation and Management of Egyptian Female Breast Cancer In Alexandria, Egypt: An Implementation Study
Authors: Rostom Yousri , Abdelmonem Salah , Shaker Marwa , Mahmoud Nayera , Labib Nevine , Ismail Abdelsalam A. , Soliman Maher 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Exploration of the population profile and management of female breast cancer in a representative sample from Alexandria, Egypt, to identify system inefficiencies and barriers preventing full implementation of international guidelines, negatively impacting the outcome.
Methods: The study surveyed 7125 records from three major public oncology services at Main University Hospital, Gamal Abd-elnasser Hospital and Ayadi Almostakbel Oncology Center, between 2007 and 2016.
Results: 73.4% (5236 records) of the records contained usable information. The median age was 54 years, with positive family history in 31.5%. The median duration of complaint before diagnosis was 3.1 months (IQR 1.6-7.5). 55.2% were early stage, 37.6% were locally advanced and 7.2% were stage IV. Breast surgery was performed for 4976 cases. Axillary surgery was done for 4945 cases. Most cases were hormone receptor positive. 15.3% were HER2 positive. The median duration to start chemotherapy was 1.03 months (IQR 0.7-1.6). Adjuvant chemotherapy was given to 3667 and neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given to 333. Anthracycline-based combination chemotherapy, with or without Taxanes was the commonest. 86% received hormonal treatment. 180/317 trastuzumab-eligible patients received trastuzumab. 69.5% started radiotherapy &gt; 6 months from presentation. Conventionally and hypofractionated regimens were used in 46.6% and 53.5%, respectively. 1109 developed relapse (local in 155, distant in 130 and 794 had both). In non-metastatic cases, median overall and disease free survivals were 149.1 and 77.1 months respectively. In metastatic cases, the median progression free survival was 19.6 months.
Conclusion: The study revealed defects in the record system, delayed diagnosis and treatment, and inadherence to targeted therapy protocols in a significant part of eligible patients. Suggested implementation strategies include promotion of national or hospital based registries, information, education and communication with target populations and health carers, establishing a patient navigation system and monitoring outcomes of the interventions.
Citation Format: Yousri Rostom, Salah Abdelmonem, Marwa Shaker, Nayera Mahmoud, Nevine Labib, Abdelsalam A. Ismail, Maher Soliman. Presentation and Management of Egyptian Female Breast Cancer In Alexandria, Egypt: An Implementation Study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Global Cancer Research and Control: Looking Back and Charting a Path Forward; 2021 Mar 10-11. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021;30(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 16.
Abstract 18: Cancer Control Assessments in Low- and Middle-Income Countries during COVID-19: The IAEA-IARC-WHO imPACT Review Hybrid Modality
Authors: Nobile Marianna , Siewert Kendall , Perpina Maria Tena , Lyamzina Yuliya 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Under the auspices of the WHO-IAEA Joint Programme on Cancer Control, the International Atomic Energy Agency's (IAEA) Programme of Action for Cancer Therapy (PACT) supports Member States through assessments of national cancer control capacities and needs (imPACT Reviews) related to the cancer continuum. imPACT Reviews are conducted jointly with the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and other partners as appropriate. To ensure continuity of imPACT Reviews to Member States during the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular to low- and middle- income countries, a hybrid modality with a virtual component has been adopted.
Methods: With the hybrid modality, imPACT Reviews are conducted partially virtually through online meetings with stakeholders/international experts (using photos, videos and live walk-throughs of health facilities), and through in-country visits when travel restrictions are lifted to validate findings and engage with national authorities.
Results: The case studies of Senegal and Mali initiated in mid-2020 demonstrate the effectiveness of the hybrid modality. Review findings and recommendations have been consolidated into preliminary reports submitted to the respective Ministries of Health in December 2020 and considering the impact of COVID-19 on cancer-related health services. The Reviews featured a cervical and paediatric cancer focus in line with WHO global initiatives and national priorities. Immediate next steps for the countries are the development of costed national cancer control plans and support in mobilizing resources.
Conclusion: The coordinated efforts of IAEA, IARC and WHO ensured continuity of evidence-based cancer control assessments and the virtual component may be considered for future imPACT Reviews. Benefits include involving a higher number of institutions and experts, minimizing disruption to their work, visiting more health facilities, and ensuring sustained dialogue over a longer period of time. This contributes to a stronger collaborative network while enhancing government engagement and national ownership.
Citation Format: Marianna Nobile, Kendall Siewert, Maria Tena Perpina, Yuliya Lyamzina. Cancer Control Assessments in Low- and Middle-Income Countries during COVID-19: The IAEA-IARC-WHO imPACT Review Hybrid Modality [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Global Cancer Research and Control: Looking Back and Charting a Path Forward; 2021 Mar 10-11. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021;30(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 18.
Abstract 20: Development of International Cancer Research Partnerships Through the NCI US-Latin American-Caribbean HIV/HPV-Cancer Prevention Clinical Trials Network (ULACNet)
Authors: Brofsky Emma , House Margaret , Heckman-Stoddard Brandy , Nokta Mostafa , Gopal Satish , Sahasrabuddhe Vikrant 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Persons living with HIV have elevated risks of HPV-related cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers. Yet, research on optimization and implementation of prevention interventions (prophylactic HPV vaccination, cervical and anogenital cancer screening and triage, and precancer therapeutics) for HPV-related cancers among persons living with HIV has been limited. With a goal to expand this evidence, and building on strong academic research partnerships developed for HIV research between institutions in the US and the Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) region, the US National Cancer Institute (NCI) initiated ULACNet, a new Cooperative Agreement clinical trials network in 2019.
Methods: ULACNet comprises of three Partnership Centers each led by US-based institutions (University of California San Francisco, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center), working collaboratively with US and LAC institutions and with the NCI to develop and conduct multicenter prevention clinical trials focused on filling key scientific gaps and evaluating novel interventions.
Results: ULACNet encompasses six countries (US, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Brazil, Peru, and Dominican Republic), twenty partner institutions, and over 100 collaborating scientific investigators, clinical and public health practitioners, research staff, and patient advocates. ULACNet will collaboratively conduct nine prevention clinical trials (two prophylactic HPV vaccine trials in adults and perinatally-HIV infected adolescents, three trials for clinical validation of molecular biomarkers and imaging technologies for screening and triage, two candidate HPV therapeutic vaccine trials, and two trials of topical therapeutic agents). Facilitation across network partners is achieved via a Coordinating Committee and three Working Groups (focused on HPV testing and screening, precancer treatment, and recruitment and retention activities).
Conclusion: ULACNet seeks to leverage established academic global health partnerships to conduct high quality collaborative clinical trials to inform clinical practice and ultimately reduce the burden of highly preventable HPV-related cancers in persons living with HIV worldwide.
Citation Format: Emma Brofsky, Margaret House, Brandy Heckman-Stoddard, Mostafa Nokta, Satish Gopal, Vikrant Sahasrabuddhe. Development of International Cancer Research Partnerships Through the NCI US-Latin American-Caribbean HIV/HPV-Cancer Prevention Clinical Trials Network (ULACNet) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Global Cancer Research and Control: Looking Back and Charting a Path Forward; 2021 Mar 10-11. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021;30(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 20.
Abstract 27: Trends of Cancer Patients Seeking Care in Makueni County Referral Hospital during the COVID19 Lockdown in Kenya
Authors: Maina Stephen Karuru , Odoyo Edwin , Mwatha Stephen , Musyoki Raphael , Orangi Gavin , Achieng Emmah , Asirwa Chite 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Kenya has few qualified health care workers and facilities that are dedicated to cancer treatment most of which are located in the urban centers. Patients living in rural areas are expected to travel to urban areas for treatment. However, this is obstructed by poor roads, high levels of poverty, packed cancer wards, and lack of a place to stay in the city depriving the patients of timely and appropriate medical treatment. We outline the number of patients seeking cancer treatment care from a rural County Referral Hospital in Makueni County in Kenya during the COVID19 lockdown season that prohibited the movement of people in and out of Nairobi and Mombasa.
Methods: International Cancer Institute, a non-governmental organization working in sub-Saharan Africa and based in Eldoret Kenya established partnerships with Makueni County, to offer cancer care to patients at the County Referral Hospital. Patients attending the clinic were registered every month and their treatment history taken every time they sought treatment at the clinic for their first visit and subsequent visits. The trend of the number of patients over the lockdown season was plotted using a line graph.
Results: The observed number of new patients visiting the clinic in the year 2020 increased from Jan; 8, Feb; 11, Mar; 19, Apr; 15, May; 22, Jun; 19, July; 31, Aug; 16, Sept; 12, Oct; 17, Nov; 7, Dec; 4 patients respectively. The subsequent patient visits rose from Jan; 10, Feb; 20, Mar; 37, Apr; 41, May; 45, Jun; 43, July; 90, Aug; 40, Sept; 30, Oct; 61, Nov; 32, Dec; 19 patients respectively.
Conclusion: The travel ban influenced the number of patients seen at the Makueni County Referral hospital; more patients sought treatment at the oncology during the lockdown period than any other period of the clinic in the year 2020.
Citation Format: Stephen Karuru Maina, Edwin Odoyo, Stephen Mwatha, Raphael Musyoki, Gavin Orangi, Emmah Achieng, Chite Asirwa. Trends of Cancer Patients Seeking Care in Makueni County Referral Hospital during the COVID19 Lockdown in Kenya [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Global Cancer Research and Control: Looking Back and Charting a Path Forward; 2021 Mar 10-11. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021;30(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 27.
Abstract 34: Delay in Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Sang , Nguyen Quang , Nguyen Lan , Pham Anh , Luu Hung , Tran Huong , Tran Thuan , Shu Xiao-Ou 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Delay in diagnosis and initiation of treatment from the first noticeable breast cancer symptoms are associated with poor outcome. Understanding the reasons and barriers why patients delay seeking medical care is critical to mitigate the problem, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where breast cancer incidence is increasing.
Methods: In-person surveys were conducted in 462 incident breast cancer cases, aged 18-79, recruited from two major cancer hospitals in Northern Vietnam. Delay in diagnosis and treatment was defined as no delay (&lt;3 months), moderate delay (3-8 months) and serious delay (≥9 months). Multivariable polynomial logistic regression was applied in data analyses.
Results: More than one quarter patients (27.5%) experienced moderate delays, and close to one-fifth (18.8%) experienced serious delays. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for moderate and serious delays were 4.81 (2.62-8.85) and 3.46 (1.72-6.97) for financial and physical barriers and 2.43 (1.14-5.21) and 2.50 (1.04-6.00) for lack of proper knowledge, respectively. Moderate delay was positively associated with behavior/belief barriers (3.36 [1.17-9.57]). The associations of financial and physical barriers, psychological barriers, and lack of proper knowledge with moderate or serious delays appeared stronger among women living in rural areas. Lack of proper knowledge was significantly associated with delay among young women (&lt;50 years old) and those with high incomes. However, tests for multiplicative interactions were not significant.
Conclusion: Delay in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer is common among Vietnamese women and is affected by financial and physical barriers, psychological barriers, and lack of proper knowledge. Proper policy needs to be developed accordingly to address this public health issue.
Citation Format: Sang Nguyen, Quang Nguyen, Lan Nguyen, Anh Pham, Hung Luu, Huong Tran, Thuan Tran, Xiao-Ou Shu. Delay in Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer in Vietnam [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Global Cancer Research and Control: Looking Back and Charting a Path Forward; 2021 Mar 10-11. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021;30(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 34.
Abstract 39: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA Testing Based Cervical Cancer Screening and Triage with CINtec PLUS Cytology Test in HPV Positive Women in Bogalay Township, Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar
Authors: Shwe Mu Mu , Thwe Khin Kay , Hlaing Su Su , Aye Lynn Pa Pa , Aung Kham Mo , Lwin Nu , Tun Win Maw , Htun Zaw Than 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to conduct Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing based cervical cancer screening among married women in Bogalay Township, Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar and to triage with CINtec PLUS Cytology test among women who have HPV infection.
Methods: It was a prospective cross-sectional descriptive study. Total of asymptomatic 677 married women (median age-40-years;range 30-55) residing in Bogalay Township, Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar were screened in 2020. HPV-DNA testing was performed using cobas HPV-DNA-test which detects 14-high-risk-HPV genotypes -16,-18,-31,-33,-35,-39,-45,-51,-52,-56,-58,-59,-66 and-68. Positive HPV cases were followed by liquid-based- cytology (LBC) and CINtec PLUS Cytology i.e, dual-immuno-biomarker technology to simultaneously detect p-16 and Ki-67 to provide a strong indicator of the presence of transforming HPV infections.
Results: HPV was identified in 4.6% (31/677) of screened women in Bogalay Township, Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar. Among HPV-positive-cases, HPV-16 was 22.6 % (7/31), HPV-18 was 6.5% (2/31) and other-HR-HPV-genotypes (HPV-31,-33,-35,-39,-51,-52,-56,-58,-59,-66and-68) were 70.9% (22/31). In cytological-diagnosis of HPV positive women, 87.1% had cervical cytological abnormalities comprising; 16.1% had high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 48.4% had low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and 22.6% had atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS). Only 12.9% were negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM). In CINtec-PLUS-Cytology, all HSIL (100%) cases, 66.7% of LSIL, 14.3% of ASCUS were positive with both p-16 and Ki-67 dual-immuno-biomarker but negative in NILM cases.
Conclusion: This study highlighted that using HPV-DNA test in cervical cancer screening, the highest risk women can be determined. In triage with CINtec-PLUS-Cytology in HPV positive women, women who were more significantly at risk for cervical pre-cancer and cancer as well as women that require referral to colposcopy were identified. In LSIL and ASCUS cases, CINtec-PLUS-Cytology may reduce the number of women that require referral to colposcopy. This study pointed out CINtec-PLUS-Cytology was very useful to confirm the high-grade cervical lesions.
Citation Format: Mu Mu Shwe, Khin Kay Thwe, Su Su Hlaing, Lynn Pa Pa Aye, Kham Mo Aung, Nu Lwin, Win Maw Tun, Zaw Than Htun. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA Testing Based Cervical Cancer Screening and Triage with CINtec PLUS Cytology Test in HPV Positive Women in Bogalay Township, Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Global Cancer Research and Control: Looking Back and Charting a Path Forward; 2021 Mar 10-11. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021;30(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 39.
Abstract 4: Impact of Immunohistochemistry on Diagnostic Accuracy for Pediatric Cancer in Tanzania
Authors: Bhuko Jeffer , Minja Caroline , McDermott Michael , Osullivan Maureen , Scanlan Trish , Schroeder Kristin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The current study evaluates the impact of immunohistochemistry (IHC) on diagnostic accuracy for pediatric cancer in Tanzania, and identifies the most common biomarkers used for diagnostic differentiation in our setting.
Methods: Pathology samples for children diagnosed with cancer at Bugando Medical Centre (Mwanza, Tanzania) in 2018 were evaluated using H&E staining. Basic demographic information from histology form was recorded, including patient age, sex, and sample collection, as well as the reported histopathology results from BMC. Additional tissue from histology block was sent to Muhimbili National Hospital for IHC review. The histopathology results were compared for diagnostic agreement, change in diagnosis, and identified which biomarkers were necessary for diagnostic confirmation.
Results: One hundred and five (105) pediatric cancer patients were reviewed. 58 (55.2%) were female median age of 6 years (IQR 3-9 years). Most common pediatric diagnoses were Burkitt lymphoma and Non Hodgkin Lymphoma specifically Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, FL, LL. Overall histology concordance between H&E and IHC was 51.0%. Most common discordant diagnosis was NHL of ALCL (ALK1-negative, CD-45, 30-positivity). Most concordant was Leukemia (BCR-ABL). Diagnostic specificity (example: in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma) improved for 17.6% (n=18). The most common diagnosis with increased specificity was DLBCL. Among NHL, 39% (n=7) were ALCL, 27% (n=5) DLBCL, 17% (n=3) Lymphoblastic Lymphoma, 17% (n=3) Follicular lymphoma. The use of immunohistochemistry resulted in a change in diagnosis for 31.4% (n=32) of patient. The most common changed diagnosis was Burkitt Lymphoma and Sarcoma.
Conclusion: Immunohistochemistry is critically important for accurate diagnosis of pediatric cancer, with over 30% of all cases identified as having treatment changing diagnoses. IHC training is critical and a limited common biomarker panel can successfully be used in low resource countries to improve treatment selection.
Citation Format: Jeffer Bhuko, Caroline Minja, Michael McDermott, Maureen Osullivan, Trish Scanlan, Kristin Schroeder. Impact of Immunohistochemistry on Diagnostic Accuracy for Pediatric Cancer in Tanzania [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Global Cancer Research and Control: Looking Back and Charting a Path Forward; 2021 Mar 10-11. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021;30(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 4.
Abstract 54: A Comprehensive Survey to Identify Barriers to and Facilitators of Cervical Cancer Screening in Women With HIV in Guangxi, China
Authors: Zhao Ran , Liang Shujia , Teoh Deanna , Fei Yunqing , Pang Xianwu , Kulasingam Shalini 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To assess perceived barriers to and facilitators of cervical cancer screening in women with HIV in Guangxi, China.
Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we administered a survey among women with HIV aged 21-65 years from August to October 2019 in Guangxi, China. A 100-item survey was developed in English and translated into Chinese. Age criterion was concordant with the cervical cancer screening recommendations. We assessed knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about cervical cancer and cervical cancer screening, identified potential barriers to and facilitators of cervical cancer screening programs for women with HIV, and assessed potential risk factors for cervical cancer. We conducted descriptive data analyses with the collected responses.
Results: A total of 101 participants, on average 39.5 years old (IQR: 34.5-44 years old), completed the survey. The mean CD4 cell count was 705 cell/µl (IQR: 493-854 cell/µl). 47% of the women had been screened for cervical cancer at least once. The mean score was 5.6 out of 9 (95% CI 5.3-6.0) on the knowledge about cervical cancer and its screening and 6.3 out of 10 (95% CI 5.9-6.6) on cervical cancer risk factors, respectively. 84% of women agreed that cervical cancer is a life-threatening disease, but only 49% agreed that they were at risk for cervical cancer. Facilitators of participating in future cervical cancer screening among women with HIV in Guangxi included family support for related healthcare, trust and openness to conversations with health workers on female health concerns, and convenient transportation. The barriers included knowledge gaps in health awareness, cervical-cancer-related information, and available cervical cancer screening services.
Conclusion: Women with HIV in Guangxi are potentially under-screened for cervical cancer. Designing future cervical cancer screening programs targeting women with HIV in Guangxi should address the knowledge gaps to increase screening uptake and improve outcomes in this high-risk population.
Citation Format: Ran Zhao, Shujia Liang, Deanna Teoh, Yunqing Fei, Xianwu Pang, Shalini Kulasingam. A Comprehensive Survey to Identify Barriers to and Facilitators of Cervical Cancer Screening in Women With HIV in Guangxi, China [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Global Cancer Research and Control: Looking Back and Charting a Path Forward; 2021 Mar 10-11. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021;30(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 54.