bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cortical and subcortical processing of speech in cochlear implant recipients with Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Nassar Adel Abdel Maksoud , Hassan Dalia Mohammed , Rahman Tayseer Taha Abdel , Younis Amal 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Cochlear implantation (CI) is now recognized as one of the possible lines of interventions in ANSD patients to improve their hearing and speech communication. Desynchronized of the auditory information is the most widely accepted mechanism in ANSD.

Objectives
To study speech processing in the brainstem level as measured by speech-auditory brainstem response (S-ABR) in ANSD and CAEP P1 in ANSD subjects fitted with CIs and the results will be compared to SNHL subjects fitted with unilateral CIs.

Subjects and method
A total number of 45 subjects were included classified into three groups (one control and two study groups). The control group 16 subjects, age ranged from 5 to 29.5 years with mean of (11.1 years) with normal peripheral hearing sensitivity. The study group comprised 29 children who underwent cochlear implantation. It was subdivided into two subgroups: Group (SNHL) ;their age ranged from2.9 to 15.5 years with mean of (7.7 years) and group (ANSD); Their age ranged from 3.2 to 29 years with mean of (9.3 years) They were subjected to detailed history taking, aided warble-tone sound field audiometry, Questionnaire and Speech-evoked potentials (P1 &c-ABR) recording evoked by the 150-ms synthesized /da/ syllable stimulus.

Results
C-ABR waves were detected in 100% of control group, 75% of SNHL group and 53.8% of ANSD group. A statistically significant differences existed between the control group and the two study subgroups regarding the P1 latencies. While; there were no statistically significant differences between {SNHL group &ANSD}. Sound-field S-ABR in the CI recipients showed delayed latencies in both SNHL group &ANSD group comparable to the control group with more delay in ANSD group than SNHL group. Finally, the neural phase locking was significantly higher in CI recipients due to electrical artifact.

Conclusions
• There were no statistically significant differences between {SNHL group & ANSD group} regarding P1 latency.
• C-ABR waves were detected in 75% of SNHL group and 53.8% of ANSD group with delayed latencies and higher amplitude than control group with more delay in ANSD group than SNHL group. The findings of sound-field S-ABR demonstrated that CI recipients have neural encoding deficits in temporal and spectral domains at the brainstem level; therefore, the sound-field S-ABR can be considered an efficient clinical procedure to assess the speech processing in ANSD subjects fitted with cochlear implant.
Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Preoperative Embolization on the Outcomes of Carotid Body Tumor Surgery
Authors: Samir Mohamed Magdy , Elezz Tamer Abd ElWahab Abo , Mikahail Peter Milad , Bassam Mohamed Khaled Shafeek 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Carotid body tumors (CBTs) are situated at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery within the adventitia, and are reported to be the most common head and neck paragangliomas. Surgery is the gold standard for curative treatment of resectable CBTs and is recommended in otherwise healthy patients because of the risk of local complications related to tumor size and a small but definite risk of malignancy. Preoperative embolization has been shown to reduce potential intraoperative blood loss and provide the surgeon with greater ease and safety in excising the tumor, thus reducing the operation time and morbidity. However, other physicians have stated that although blood loss may be reduced after preoperative embolization, transfusion requirements are not affected, and that the embolization procedure adds a significant risk for stroke. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to compare the surgical outcomes of patients undergoing CBT surgical resection with and without preoperative embolization.

Aim
To evaluate the need for preoperative embolization for the treatment of carotid body tumor.

Methodology
A meta-analysis study is done to compare the surgical outcomes of patients undergoing CBT surgical resection with and without preoperative embolization.

Results
Our meta-analysis for evaluation of the effects of preoperative embolization on the outcomes of carotid body tumor surgery, included (14) studies with a total number of patients (n = 477).The results of these studies showed no statistically significant difference between preoperative embolization group and non embolization group in carotid body surgery for (blood loss & operation time). Preoperative embolization did not reduce risk of postoperative complications.

Conclusion
Preoperative embolization shows no statistically significant reducing in blood loss and operation time, also embolization does not decrease incidence of postoperative complications. It seems that embolization should not be a routine part of carotid body tumor surgery especially with the known potential risks and complications of this procedure .
Vitamin D levels in children with otitis media with effusion
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Adly , EL-Begermy Marwa Mohamed , Teaima Ahmed Abdelmoneim , Abdelghafar Mohamed Ali 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the relationship between otitis media with effusion (OME) and serum vitamin D level in children.

Methods
This prospective case control study was conducted at Ain Shams University Hospitals between February 2018 and May 2019. The study population included 50 children with OME confirmed by tympanometry type (B) who will undergo adenotonsillectomy and grommet tube insertion compared to 50 children without OME confirmed by tympanometry type (A) who will undergo adenotonsillectomy. Measurement of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D using electrochemiluminescence technique from a blood sample (3cm) taken from them on the day of surgery.

Results
In this study, the mean age of the cases was 4.24 ± 0.80 and 5.34 ± 1.19 years for the controls besides 23 (46%) of the OME group were boys and 27 (54%) were girls, compared with 29 (58%) boys and 21 (42%) were girls in the control group. The mean levels of vitamin D in children with OME was 16.24 ± 7.14 ng/mL and in children in the control group was 15.89 ± 5.84 ng/mL (P = 0.815) and it was statistically non significant.

Conclusion
There was no significant relation between vitamin D serum level and the incidence of OME in children.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Falls among Egyptian Elderly Attending Primary Health Centers in Suez Governorate
Authors: Ali Abeer Alsayed , Abdul-Rahman Samia Ahmed , Wahba Hoda MF , Amin Ghada Essam Al-Din 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To estimate the prevalence and probable risk factors of falls among a sample of community-dwelling older adults in Suez Governorate, Egypt.

Design
A cross-sectional comparative study.

Setting and Participants
Study included 300 older adults (both men and women) recruited from 3 primary healthcare centers, all located in Suez Governorate, Egypt (Alsalam medical center, Mubarak medical center and Alsabbah medical center).

Methods
All participants were questioned about their fall history in the precedent year and were assessed using: Structured interview questionnaire and physical examination, Fall Risk Assessment Tool, Basic and instrumental activities of daily living, Timed Up and Go test, Single leg stance test, handgrip strength measurement, Mini-Mental Status Examination and Geriatric Depression Scale-15. Participants were categorized as faller and non-faller groups according to their fall history in the precedent year and were then compared as regard common fall risk factors (intrinsic and extrinsic).

Results
Prevalence of falls among the studied populations was 29%. Women fell more frequently than men (accounting for 64.4% and 35.6% of fallers, p = 0.01). Most falls occurred indoors (58.3%). A significant association was found between fall history and age, sex, muscle weakness, depression, urinary incontinence, IHD, visual impairment, fear of falling, use of assistive device, postural hypotension, and polypharmacy.

Conclusion
Prevalence of falls in community-dwelling elderly in Suez Governorate is 29%. Identification of factors significantly affecting elderly falls can help in planning public health policies and programs for prevention of falls.
Rivaroxaban versus Warfarin in the Management of Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: El-metieni Mahmoud Shawky , Fekry Tamer Mohamed , Rady Mohammed Ahmed Hassan , Farrag Ahmed Magdy , Ismail Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) refers to the formation of one or more blood clots in one of the body’s large veins, most commonly in the lower limbs. The clot can cause partial or complete blocking of circulation in the vein, which in some patients leads to pain, swelling, tenderness, discolouration of the skin that is warm to touch.

Aim of the Work
Compare the effect of direct Oral Anticoagulant (Rivaroxaban) versus Antivitamin K (warfarin) in treatment of lower limb Deep Venous Thrombosis.

Patients and Methods
Type of study: prospective single blinded randomized study, study setting: was conducted at Kobri Elkobba hospitals, study period: 6 months, study population: Eligible all patients above 18 years had femoropopliteal vein thrombosis, confirmed with duplex ultrasound scanning and D-dimer test and qualified under the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study.

Results
Our study shows that Rivaroxaban alone is as effective as standard therapy, with similar safety, for the treatment of acute DVT and in preventing recurrence and has low risk of bleeding. There was statistically significant increase in INR monitoring during 6 months in warfarin group than Rivaroxaban group with p-value &lt; 0.001. This because warfarin has many drug and food interaction. There's no response in treatment out come after 3 months duplex as the study was on patient of femoro popliteal DVT, however there were clinical improvement in both groups. Complete recanalization with normal augmentation by muscle compression occurred in all Rivaroxaban patients compared to 5% were partially compressible with incomplete recanalization in warfarin group after 6 months of treatment.

Conclusion
We concluded in patients with unprovoked VTE, rivaroxaban has the potential to reduce both the risk of major bleeding and recurrent VTE compared to warfarin. And there’s no need for adjusting the dose and INR monitoring, and Rivaroxaban has no food nor drug interactions.
Comparative Study between Lichtenstein Repair and Trans Abdominal Pre Peritoneal Repair of Inguinal Hernia (TAPP)
Authors: Ain-shoka Prof. Dr./Adel Faheem , Hassan Dr/Mohamed Ibrahim , Elkholy General Dr./Khaled Abdel-Aziz , Matter Ahmed Wahid Said Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most widely performed surgical procedure. Among the techniques used, the open Lichtenstein repair is still the most widely performed. However, in the last decade there has been an increased interest in the laparoscopic approach for inguinal hernia repair, mainly represented as the trans-abdominal pre- peritoneal (TAPP) technique. As described in recent studies, TAPP approach entails the benefits of minimally invasive surgery, such as less pain and early recovery.

Objective
s: This study aims to compare between lichtenstein repair of inguinal hernia and trans-abdominal pre-peritoneal repair of inguinal hernia (TAPP) as regard their hospital stay, cost, intra-operative & post-operative complications and short term recurrence.

Patients and Methods
Our study was carried out on (50) male patients with inguinal hernia, 25 patients underwent laparoscopic TAPP repair and 25 patients underwent open Lichtenstein repair. We found a highly significant difference of laparoscopic TAPP Repair in decreasing post-operative pain than in open repair.

Results
Comparative study between the 2 groups revealed non-significant difference as regards age and sex of the patients. Comparative study between the 2 groups revealed non-significant difference as regards all socio-demographic data. Comparative study between the 2 groups revealed non-significant difference as regards type and side of hernia. Comparative study between the 2 groups revealed; highly significant increase in operative duration in laparoscopic group; compared to open group of patients; with highly significant statistical difference. Comparative study between the 2 groups revealed; highly significant decrease in post-operative pain score and post-operative hospital stay; in laparoscopic group; compared to open group of patients; with highly significant statistical difference. Comparative study between the 2 groups revealed; highly significant decrease in intra-operative complications in laparoscopic group; compared to open group of patients; with highly significant statistical difference.

Conclusion
Our study showed that laparoscopic TAPP approach for inguinal hernia repair reduces early post-operative pain. Furthermore, it is related to less complications, although it takes a longer operative time and higher cost.
Comparative study between Single incision versus two separate incisions in conservative breast surgery and axillary clearance
Authors: Khalaf Mohamed , Gamal Ahmed , Talat Mahmoud , Hassan Zeinab , Awad Ibrahim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Single incision technique is an oncoplastic surgery aimed to remove both the breast tumor and axillary clearance through one incision, thus providing better aesthetic results than the conventional breast conservative two incision technique. However this procedure is more difficult, since visualization and the resection space are limited, demanding greater experience from the surgeon.

Objective
To compere between single incision in excising upper outer breast tumor and axillary clearance versus two separate incisions in conservative breast surgery as regard cosmetic outcome, seroma formation and time needed for drainage for both breast and axilla.

Patients and Methods
This is a prospective cohort study to compere between single incision in excising upper outer breast tumor and axillary clearance versus two separate incisions in conservative breast surgery as regard cosmetic outcome, seroma formation and time needed for drainage for both breast and axilla.

Results
Single incision resulted in only one small scar and provided feasible breast cancer treatment with excellent acceptance and satisfaction by the patients. Double incision on breast and axilla is associated with lower rate of long-term postoperative lymphedema and minimizing disruption of axillary lymphatic and vascular channels.

Conclusion
The single incision technique was shown to be providing better cosmetic result but more seroma formation. With the confirmation of oncologic and surgical efficacy, future areas of study will include long term evaluation of patient oncologic, functional, and cosmetic outcomes following the single incision approach.
Successful Male Rabbit Whole Kidney Decellularization For Tissue Engineering
Authors: Abou-Rabia Naglaa Medhat , Megahed Gehan Khalaf , Gawad Elsebay Sara Abdel , Ayat Abdelnaby Elsayed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Renal transplantation represents the only cure for end stage renal disease. Shortage of donated organs, immune compatibility and post-transplantation complications urges the search for another radical and revolutionary treatment . Whole kidney decellularization is a promising technique, hopefully offering a threedimensional natural kidney scaffold for engineering a patient’s compatible kidney after recellularization with patient’s own cells. The current study aimed at successfully decellularizing the male rabbit kidney while preserving the histological profile of the kidney decellularized extracellular matrix.

Materials and Methods
Kidneys of ten male New Zealand White Rabbits weighing (1000- 1500 gm) were harvested and sorted into two groups. Control Group I included the ten right kidneys. Decellularization Group II included the ten left kidneys; harvested carefully and kept frozen until decellularization. They were decellularized using 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate for 5-6 hours. Kidneys from both groups were processed similarly for histological examination.

Results
Decellularized kidney Scaffolds showed complete removal of cellular materials. Meanwhile, the structural profile of the decellularized kidney scaffolds was apparently well preserved.

Conclusion
The current study yielded an efficient decellularization of male rabbit kidney paving the way for future kidney recellularization.
The Potential Role of Human Derived Amniotic Membrane Graft in The Repair of Induced Tendon Tear in Adult Male Albino Rat: Histological Study
Authors: Yehia Dalia Ahmed Yousef , Aleem Mohammed Somaya Abd Al , Megahed Gehan Khalaf , Soliman Nevine Bahaa El din Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Achilles tendon tears cause severe impairment in patient mobility and productivity, causing significant reduction in the quality of life. Many complications are associated with the tendon healing process such as peritendinous adhesions and excessive fibrotic scars. Unsatisfactory results appeared with the existing medical and surgical treatments to regain full tendon structure and function. Amniotic membrane is avascular, and characterized by low immunogenicity, anti-inflammatory, antiscarring properties. These criteria render it as a natural biological substitute and a novel therapeutic alternative for tendon tears. Aim: The aim of the work was to study the effect of human amniotic membrane graft application on the repair of induced Achilles tendon tear.

Material and methods
Fresh human amniotic membrane (AM) grafts were prepared from harvested human full-term caesarian sections-delivered placentas. Thirty adult male albino rats were divided into 3 equal groups (n = 10); group I (control group), group II (tendon tear group) and group III (AM treated group). After anesthesia, a full thickness transverse incision was induced in the rat right Achilles tendons of group II and III. Human derived amniotic membrane graft measuring 1 cm2 was applied circumferentially on the tendon tear in group III. Rats were sacrificed after 28 days.

Results
After the tendon tear, the untreated group (II) showed gradual accumulation of fat cells replacing the collagen bundles in focal areas. Areas of mononuclear cellular infiltration were demonstrated. The AM-treated group showed many thick parallel regularly arranged collagen fibers with a significant increase in the collagen fibers area percentage. It also showed apparent increase in tenoblasts with regular organization and apparent decrease of mononuclear inflammatory cells.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated the potential therapeutic role of the application of human amniotic membrane grafts in the repair of Achilles tendon tears, suggesting a future alternative therapy for patients suffering from Achilles tendon tears.
Serum Glucagon like peptide 1 Level and Peripheral Vascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: El Baki Rania Sayed Abd , Sami Nasr Merhan , Mostafa Bassem Murad , Ibrahim Ahmed Abe Bakr El Sayed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Diabetes is a complex, chronic illness requiring continuous medical care with multifactorial risk-reduction strategies beyond glycemic control. Incretins are hormones produced by the intestinal mucosa in response to oral intake of nutrients that enhance glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and lower blood glucose levels. GLP-1 is of particular interest for its glucoselowering effects, as well as its ability to slow gastric emptying and suppress secretion of glucagon.

Objective
To assess the level of glucagon like peptide-1 in type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral vascular disease.

Patients and Methods
Our study was conducted in the period from 1st of January to 1st of June 2017. Our subjects were collected from the diabetes clinics of Ain Shams university Hospitals. The study included eighty (80) patients divided into 40 type 2 diabetic patients without peripheral vascular disease (Group 1) and 40 type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral vascular disease (Group 2).

Results
Diabetic patients with peripheral vascular disease show statistically significant higher HbA1c levels than diabetic patients without peripheral vascular disease with P-value 0.005 (P-value &lt;0.05). GLP 1 was highly significantly positively correlated with APSV with P-value&lt; 0.001. GLP 1 correlated negatively with BMI, FBS, 2h PPBS and HbA1C; with statistically significant difference; P-value (0.031, 0.015, 0.033 and 0.010 respectively) but was not significantly negatively correlated with age, SBP and DBP; P-value (0.232, 0.654 and 0.335 respectively).

Conclusion
GLP-1 levels are lower in diabetic patients with peripheral vascular disease than diabetic patients without peripheral vascular disease. GLP-1 levels showed significantly lower levels with increasing degree of obesity, FBS, PPBS and HbA1c.
Effect of hyperparathyroidism on vascular stiffness in hemodialysis patients
Authors: El-Sharkawy Magdy Mohamed Saeed , El Thakaby Ahmed Hassan Mohamed , Emara Ahmed Abdelmoniem , Mohamed Abdelkhalek Ahmed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is present in &gt; 50% of patients undergoing dialysis and the relative risk of death due to CVD events in HD patients is reported to be 20 times higher than in the general population. In fact, in patients on renal replacement therapy (RRT) the prevalence of coronary heart disease and ventricular hypertrophy has been described to be 40% and 70% respectively, other CVD events include hypertention, arrhythmias, valvular calcification and arterial stiffness.

Objective
To detect the prevalence of arterial stiffness among end stage renal disease patients on prevalent hemodialysis with hyperparathyroidism.

Patients and Methods
This observational cross sectional study was conducted on 60 prevalent hemodialysis patients attending at hemodialysis unit of Ain Shams University hospitals, with convenient sampling method. The included patients are clinically stable on thrice weekly hemodialysis sessions for 4 hours per session.

Results
The Dual Pulse Wave Doppler (DPWD) method we proposed in this study may be considered as a useful and convenient option for clinical local Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) measurement, this clinical practical and reproducible method had the capability to detect an increased local PWV of LCCA (which reflect arterial stiffness) in the patients with PTH &gt; 300 more than the patients with PTH &lt; 300 as it showed that in Group B (PTH&gt;300), the measured carotid artery local PWV values ranged from 6.22 m/s to 8.84 m/s and the mean value was 7.81 ± 0.72 m/s, which was higher than 6.72 ± 1.06 m/s (ranging from 4.48 m/s to 8.44 m/s) of Group A (PTH&lt;300).

Conclusion
Our study showed that there is a high prevalence of arterial stiffness in prevalent hemodialysis patients.