bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Fusional Vergence Dysfunction in a Population in Iran
Authors: Hashemi Hassan , Nabovati Payam , Khabazkhoob Mehdi , Yekta Abbasali , Ostadimoghaddam Hadi , Doostdar Asgar , Ramin Shahroukh , Aghamirsalim Mohammadreza 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
To determine the prevalence of fusional vergence dysfunction (FVD) and its relationship with age, sex, and refractive errors in a population-based study.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, all residents of Mashhad, northeast of Iran, aged >1 year were subjected to random stratified cluster sampling. After selecting the participants, they all underwent complete optometric examinations including the measurement of visual acuity and refraction, assessment of binocular vision and accommodative status, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy.

Results:
Of 4453 invited individuals, 3132 participated in the study. After applying the exclusion criteria, statistical analysis was performed on the data of 1683 participants. The prevalence of FVD was 3.2% in all participants, 4.0% in men, and 2.9% in women (P = 0.234). The prevalence of FVD increased linearly with aging from 2.3% in the age group of 10–19 years to 5.4% in the age group of 40–49 years (P = 0.034). The prevalence of myopia, hyperopia, and emmetropia was 11.1%, 29.6%, and 59.3% in participants with FVD and 16.7%, 26.4%, and 57% in participants without FVD, respectively (P = 0.570). Multiple logistic regression analysis only showed a significant association between age and FVD (odds ratio =1.03 95% confidence interval: 1.02–1.05, P = 0.031).

Conclusion:
The prevalence of FVD in this study was higher than most previous reports and increased significantly with aging. FVD had no significant association with sex and refractive errors.
Impact of E-Schooling on Digital Eye Strain in Coronavirus Disease Era
Authors: Gupta Richa , Chauhan Lokesh , Varshney Abhishek 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
To assess digital eye strain (DES) among schoolchildren during lockdown.

Methods:
An online questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was conducted. A validated, self-administered, electronic questionnaire was circulated among students of 5–18 years of age. The duration of data collection was from May 18, 2020 to May 24, 2020. Rasch-based Computer-Vision Symptom Scale was deployed to measure the DES.

Results:
A total of 654 students (mean age: 12.02 ± 3.9 years) completed the survey. The average per day digital device exposure was 5.2 ± 2.2 h. A total of 507 (92.8%) children reported experiencing at least one asthenopic/dry eye symptom (AS/DS). The most prevalent symptoms were eye redness (69.1%) and heaviness of eyelids (79.7%). Significant positive correlation was reported between age and per day duration of digital device exposure (Pearson correlation 0.25; P < 0.001). Computer vision syndrome (CVS) score for spectacle users was significantly higher (P < 0.001). CVS score was found to correlate significantly with age and duration of digital device exposure (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Most of the students surveyed, experienced at least one symptom of DS or AS, indicating a need to educate them about the possible deleterious effects and help them adapt to the currently evolving education system.
ЦИРКУЛЯРНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА: ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННЫЙ
ОПЫТ, ОСНОВНЫЕ БИЗНЕС-МОДЕЛИ И ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИХ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Authors: Королева Е. Д. , Колчина В. В. 
Published: July 2021

Статья посвящена исследованию многолетнего опыта использования линейной
модели российской экономики, которая в связи с огромным количеством недостатков с
каждым годом все больше подвергается критике и требует перехода к циркулярной
(замкнутой, зеленой) экономике. Сущность экономики замкнутого цикла заключается не
только в решении возникающих проблем, но и в получении практической пользы. Статья
содержит анализ российского опыта в области обращения с отходами, рассмотрены
ключевые бизнес-модели циркулярной экономики и проблемы, препятствующие их
внедрению в экономическую систему РФ.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ РЕЦЕПТУРЫ ВАРЕНОЙ КОЛБАСЫ,
ОБОГАЩЕННОЙ ЙОДСОДЕРЖАЩИМИ КОМПОНЕНТАМИ
Authors: Суняйкина А. В. , Агафонова С. В. 
Published: July 2021

Разработана технология производства вареного колбасного изделия с использованием бурых водорослей рода Laminaria. Исследовано три образца водорослей рода Laminaria по органолептическим и физико-химическим показателям.
Произведено математическое моделирование рецептуры в соответствии с ортогональным центральным композиционным планированием (ОЦКП) второго порядка для двух факторов. Изготовлены опытные образцы, для которых исследованы органолептические показатели качества и влагосвязывающая способность фарша.
Представлена технологическая схема производства вареного колбасного изделия, обогащенного водорослями рода Laminaria.
РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ УГРОЗ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ КРУПНЫХ РОССИЙСКИХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ В СВЯЗИ С АНДЕМИЕЙ COVID-19
Authors: Сологубова Е.С. , Ежелый С.М. 
Published: July 2021

Анализ экономических последствий для крупного бизнеса страны после введения
общероссийских санитарно-гигиенических запретов и ограничений показывает, что наличие
адекватных систем экономической безопасности предприятия является гарантией минимизации ущерба и иных негативных последствий для фирм. Для наглядности в проведении
анализа используются данные таких крупных фирмы, как Газпром, Лукойл, Роснефть, Мегафон, Аэрофлот, Лента и Почта России. Результаты анализа данных крупных фирм позволяют более детально рассмотреть экономические последствия, вызванные общероссийскими санитарно-гигиеническими запретами и ограничениями, и их влияние на крупный бизнес страны.
РАЗРАБОТКА РЕКОМЕНДАЦИЙ ПО СОЗДАНИЮ
РАСПРЕДЕЛИТЕЛЬНОГО ЦЕНТРА КОММЕРЧЕСКОЙ
КОМПАНИИ
Authors: Цыганкова М. А. , Нордин В. В. 
Published: July 2021

В условиях жесткой конкурентной борьбы приближение продукции производителей к потребителям является эффективным направлением ее продвижения. В статье на
основе анализа проблем производителя напитков в качестве инструмента продвижения предлагается создание региональных распределительных центров. Расположение таких центров устанавливается на основе логистической методологии.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ
БИСКВИТНОГО ТЕСТА НА ОСНОВЕ НЕХЛЕБОПЕКАРНЫХ
ВИДОВ МУКИ С САХАРОЗАМЕНИТЕЛЕМ
Authors: Бедо Е.П. , Альшевская М.Н. , Анистратова О.В. 
Published: July 2021

Для кондитерских изделий характерно высокое содержание сахара. В состав бисквитного теста кроме сахаров также входит пшеничная мука, однако белок, содержащийся в ее составе, может вызывать аллергические реакции у человека. Поэтому исследования по совершенствованию рецептур и технологий кондитерских изделий с использованием нехлебопекарных видов муки и сахарозаменителем актуальны. Целью данной работы стало изучение реологических свойств бисквитного теста с сахарозаменителем из амарантовой, овсяной
муки и их смеси. Объект разработки - бисквит на основе нехлебопекарных видов муки с сахарозаменителем. Работа выполнена в Калининградском государственном техническом университете. На основании проведенных лабораторных исследований была изучена эффективная вязкость образцов бисквитного теста с добавлением эритрита и нехлебопекарных видов
муки. Показаны уравнения зависимости эффективной вязкости. Установлено оптимальное соотношение овсяной и амарантовой муки в рецептуре бисквитного теста.
Himalayites treubi DOUVILLE (1912), Fósil índice de Titoniano Superior en el sur-oeste del lago Titicaca, Puno; implicaciones bioestratigráficas.
Authors: Machaca Newton , Esqivel Carlos , Benavent Sofía 
Published: July 2021

RESUMEN
Con motivo de la actualización de la geología regional del Cuadrángulo de Puno (32v) a escala al 50,000, se han desarrollado diversas labores de campo, como ésta contribución que documenta nuevos resultados de rocas mesozoicas del Grupo Yura en las inmediaciones del Distrito de Tiquillaca, (al SO del Lago Titicaca), tales afloramientos solían asignarse a rocas jurásicas del Grupo Lagunillas. El afloramiento en estudio se halla en el Cerro Yana Apacheta, en cuya quebrada principal se elaboró una columna estratigráfica y el perfil correspondiente en el que se encontró el amonite Himalayites treubi DOUVILLE (1912), estableciendo una correlación con las formaciones Chachacumane y Labra. El taxón se describe con base en cinco ejemplares y sus parámetros estándares de tasa de enrollamiento y ornamentación del costillaje. Se considera que el hallazgo de amonites del Tithoniano en el Cuadrángulo 32v amplía y documenta la columna previamente reportada para la localidad y establece una clara correlación con sedimentos del sur de Asia (Indonesia).

ABSTRACT
On the occasion of the updating of the regional geology of the Puno Quadrangle (32v) at 50,000 scale, several field works have been developed, such as this contribution that documents new results of Mesozoic rocks of the Yura Group in the vicinity of the Tiquillaca District, (SW of Lake Titicaca), such outcrops used to be assigned to Jurassic rocks of the Lagunillas Group. The outcrop under study is located in Cerro Yana Apacheta, in whose main gorge a stratigraphic column and the corresponding profile was elaborated, in which the ammonite Himalayites treubi DOUVILLE (1912) was found, establishing a correlation with the Chachacumane and Labra formations. The taxon is described based on five specimens and its standard parameters of coiling rate and rib ornamentation. The finding of Tithonian ammonites in Quadrangle 32v is considered to extend and document the column previously reported for the locality and establishes a clear correlation with sediments from South Asia (Indonesia).
Covid-19 period and competences in higher education- study on cooperation and assertivity
Authors: Galinha Sónia Alexandre , São-João Ricardo 
Published: July 2021

Within this pandemic associated with Covid-19, psychological health occupies a prominent place as a result of a situation of forced isolation. Impacts can lead to an increase in mental health disorders as well as a set of adaptive reactions inherent to the recovery. Cooperation is conceived as the ability to jointly operationalize knowledge, attitudes and skills with a view to achieving a common purpose; and assertiveness is conceived as a bilateral behaviour that emphasizes the importance of considering the desires, thoughts and feelings of both the sender and the recipient of the assertive message, predictive of academic success. In this line, the main objective of this study is to present the results of the application of the Global Cooperation Assessment Scale (EAGC) and the findings levels of the Global Assertiveness Assessment Scale (EAGA). The study used a non-probabilistic sample for convenience of 101 Portuguese higher education students. EAGC and EAGA are a self-registration closed-ended Likert type 5 points, closed-response scales that allows assessing the degree of competence in respondents' cooperation and assertiveness. Both scales were administered online in spring semester 2019/2020, with the link to the questionnaire being made available to students the computer platform ensuring the response of a single survey per respondent whose participation in the study was voluntary. The treatment of the information, as well as its statistical analysis, was supported by the R software (R Core Team, 2020), having been assured the confidentiality and anonymity of the respondents. Sociodemographic variables were also used, which seemed promising in contextualizing, interpreting, and discussing the results. The value of the sample mean obtained at EAGC=35 (± 6.5), thus revealing a high capacity for cooperation and in the EAGA=31 (± 5.53), thus revealing a high assertive competence who attend higher education.
STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVES ON SATISFACTION WITH DISTANCE EDUCATION IN GHANA: A CLUSTER ANALYSIS
Authors: Mensah Francis , Agyapong Kingsley , Acheampong Augustine 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The study sought to categorise students based on the preferences that influence their choice of distance education in Ghana.
Methodology: Questionnaires were used to collect data from 120 students taking part in the UEW distance education programme at the Kumasi Girls SHS Study Center. Respondents were segmented into three clusters (highly, moderately, and least satisfied) based on four preferences (price, quality, packaging, and social boding) that influenced their satisfaction with the distance education programme.
Result: Findings from both hierarchical and non-hierarchical cluster analysis with squared Euclidean distance and Ward’s method showed that the highly satisfied cluster was driven by quality of service and the fees (i.e. price) of the UEW distance education programme. A further analysis of the differences between the clusters indicated that satisfaction with the UEW distance programme significantly differs across the three segments.
Unique Contribution to theory and practice: UEW must take advantage of the significant impact of service quality and price factors on customer satisfaction that runs through all the segments to develop and implement strategic decisions in order to achieve a competitive advantage in the distance education market
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for COVID-19 among Health Care Workers in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: Bokhary Nada , Alamri Ahlam , Almarashi Abdullatif , Alharbi Noor , Bin-Sadek Areej , Dammas Ali , Alharbi Khlied 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: The study explores the main health care workers (HCWs) clinical characteristics and related behaviors with procedures that impose risk of acquiring COVID.19 infection.
Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at East Jeddah Hospital. 100 Health Care worker participants who were detected as COVID-19 cases from March to July 2020 was obtained from the infection control department, and these HCWs were asked to fill out a questionnaire designed for this study. Data was analyzed using SPSS, and categorical data presented as counts and proportions.
Results: Among the100 HCWs who contracted COVID-19, there was a marked predominance of females (69.0%) over males (31.0%). When dealing with COVID-19 cases, 93.1% of HCWs reported wearing a surgical mask and 61% an N95 mask, while only 69–80% reported wearing gloves, a disposable gown and eye protection. The procedures found to increase the risk of infection were taking nasopharyngeal swabs (23.0%), inserting nasogastric tubes (22.0%), ventilation (17.0%), and tracheal intubation (14.0%).
Conclusion: This study confirms that noncompliance with the use of PPE as well as performing a specific procedure and working in close contact (<1.5 meters) for longer than 20 minutes increased the risk of infection. No minimal protective measures against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Recommendation: Analysis of the data obtained in this study demonstrates the significant of using personal protective equipment's effectively among health care workers and its vital role in reducing rate of infection transmission. However, further cohort study required in the same field to obtain a comprehensive outcomes.
Health and Women’s Employment in Cameroon
Authors: Mayin Kinga , Fonchamnyo Dobdinga 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Housewives report more chronic illnesses than employed women and housewives are more likely to rate their health situation as either poor or fair than employed women. Poor health can deter a woman from seeking or keeping a job and this appears to be a major reason why poor health is reported more frequently by housewives than employed women.
Purpose: This work investigated the influence health bears on women’s employment in Cameroon.
Methodology: It utilized the expo-factor research design. Secondary data from the Demographic Health Survey (DHS) in Cameroon for 1991, 1998, 2004, 2011 and 2018 was also used in this work. The Instrumental Variable Probit Model and Control Function were used to analyze the data.
Findings: Health capture by BMI had a negative and statistical significant effect on women’s employment. Other variables that positively and significantly influenced women employment were education, husband education, husband’s occupation, marital status, region of origin and lifetime sex partners on the one hand. On the other hand, the woman’s age, wealth levels, age at first birth, religion and year negatively and significantly affected the likelihood of her being employed. Factors that positively and significantly influenced women’s health were education, husband’s education, skipping meals and religion. In this vein, Muslims and Animists were significantly associated with lower BMI and better health compared to Catholics. On the other hand; age, husband’s occupation, lifetime sex partners, women’s employment, use of modern contraceptives, husband’s age, age at first birth, respondent’s occupation negatively and statistically significantly influenced women’s health. It was concluded that as women’s health worsens (BMI increase), the likelihood that they were employed reduced.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This study recommends compulsory health insurance for all workers especially female workers and the effective implementation of the much talk of universal health coverage in Cameroon.
LIVED EXPERIENCES OF WOMEN WITH GYNECOLOGICAL CANCERS ATTENDING TEACHING HOSPITALS IN TEACHING HOSPITALS IN EKITI STATE.
Authors: Gentry Oluwabukola , Sowunmi Christiana 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of women with gynecological cancers attending teaching hospitals in Ekiti State.
Methodology: A qualitative research design was used using a phenomenological method. Twenty women with gynecological cancers were recruited for the study using purposive sampling. The research instrument was a structured interview guide. The interviews were conducted once and recorded using a digital voice recorder and basic demographic information of respondents was obtained after each interview. The interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis and major themes emerged from the study, while the demographic information was analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Findings: Results from this study identified nine major themes which include ignoring the initial warning signs, reliance on unprofessional help and spiritual interventions, feeling of uncertainty and sense of vulnerability, bodily changes and altered body image, the burden of chemotherapy, financial hardship, counting the losses, dealing with community and family-based stigma and then cancer as a spiritual attack. This study therefore recommends the need to address individual perceptions about the causes of gynecological cancers as well as the need to draw a supportive intervention by the government for affected persons.
USO DE MARCADORES BIOLÓGICOS PARA AVALIAÇÃO PROGNÓSTICA DE PACIENTES COM COVID-19: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Braz Amarilio da Cunha Danielle , Nakamura Perissê Pereira Camila , Carneiro de Aguiar Yngrid , Godoi de Carvalho Sarah , Barrozo Fernandes Borges Juliana , Pinheiro São Pedro Julia , Bersan Menezes Pedro Henrique , Moraes Gonçalves Beatriz , Fernandes dos Santos Castro Fabíola 
Published: July 2021

Objetivos: A COVID-19 provoca, principalmente, infecção do trato respiratório inferior, entretanto, alguns pacientes podem cursar com complicações em outros sistemas, exigindo cuidados intensivos. Portanto, dada a variação da severidade dos casos, que vão de quadros assintomáticos a graves, começou-se a estudar os marcadores biológicos como medidas preditivas no prognóstico da doença. Por isso, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os principais biomarcadores mencionados na literatura para predizer o prognóstico dos pacientes. Métodos: Fora realizada uma revisão de literatura narrativa, de caráter amplo por meio das bases de dados PUBMED/Medline e SciELO, a fim de descrever os principais biomarcadores que podem ser utilizados na avaliação prognóstica de pacientes com COVID-19. Foram analisados artigos completos e gratuitos, publicados há 1 ano, nas línguas inglesa e portuguesa, de forma que, 40 estudos compuseram a amostra final. Resultados: Analisou-se a albumina, dímero D (DD), desidrogenase lática (DHL), ferritina, fibrinogênio, interleucina 6 (IL-6), linfopenia e neutrofilia, procalcitonina, proteína C reativa (PCR) e troponina cardíaca T e I, caracterizando as peculiaridades de cada um diante da doença. Conclusão: Foi notório o destaque do DD, DHL, IL-6, linfopenia, neutrofilia e PCR como os melhores preditores de gravidade e de pior desfecho da COVID-19. Entretanto, todos estudos mencionados apresentam limitações, sendo necessários mais estudos para avaliação de outros biomarcadores.
EVALUATING KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF HAND WASHING MESSAGES AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN ANAMBRA STATE
Authors: Ezeaka Nonye Benedeth , Ezeoke Chinwe Beatrice , Nwodu Ebele Glory 
Published: July 2021

The study examined the Knowledge and Practice of handwashing messages among Secondary School Students in Anambra State, Nigeria. The essence is to enhance the spread of infections like diarrhoea, Ebola and other diseases associated with dirty hands and contacts. It is premised against the background that students live, and interact closely and there is the need to control the spread of bacteria among these students through proper handwashing. The objectives include; to determine whether the respondents’ know about handwashing messages; the respondents’ source of handwashing messages and to determine whether the respondents practice handwashing after exposure to handwashing messages. The study was anchored on the Diffusion of Innovation Theory and Theory of Reasoned Action. It also adopted a survey research method with the questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. The study used multi-stage sampling techniques to select three schools from the three senatorial districts in Anambra State. The total population for the study was 121,087 junior secondary school students from where a sample of 384 respondents was studied. Descriptive statistical tools - mean, frequencies and percentages were used in answering research questions. Results showed that there was no significant relationship between the knowledge of handwashing messages and the practice of handwashing. Results further showed that respondents had experience of handwashing messages. Sequel to the findings, the researcher recommended, among others, the need to mobilize handwashing with soap and water at critical times to ensure greater compliance.
INVESTIGATION OF SOCIAL ECONOMIC VARIABLES AS DETERMINANTS OF PREFERRED SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES
Authors: Gambo Sarah , Essien Coleman Fidelis , Ajii Ochanya , Woyopwa Shem 
Published: July 2021

This paper sought to investigate the social economic variables as determinants of preferred social networking sites by International Students of Eastern Mediterranean University in North Cyprus. Social Networking Sites (SNS) platforms are gradually replacing the known, traditional means of communication as a result of new improved communication systems.The application of Social Networking Sites in our present generation is inevitable due to its efficiency and capability of connecting the whole globe in a second.These Social Networking Sites have made great contribution towards socio-cultural and economic development thereby re-ordering the world and making it a global village. Two platforms are considered in this research; Facebook and Instagram to know the right prediction based on the demography of users. The research design is survey, while questionnaire was used as the instrument of data collection. Uses and Gratifications Theory is adopted as theoretical framework. Using SPSS for the analysis, the CHAID method with the help of a tree diagram shows that some of the demographic factors are better predictors of social media platforms when it comes to communication with specific places.