bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioral and biochemical investigations to explore the efficacy of quercetin and folacin in experimental diabetes induced vascular endothelium dysfunction and associated dementia in rats
Authors: Sharma Poonam , Aggarwal Khushboo , Awasthi Rajendra , Kulkarni Giriraj T. , Sharma Bhupesh 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesVascular dementia (VaD), being strongly associated with metabolic conditions is a major health concern around the world. Diabetes is a major risk factor for the development of VaD. This study investigates the efficacy of quercetin and folacin in diabetes induced vascular endothelium dysfunction and related dementia.MethodsSingle dose streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg i.p) was administered to albino Wistar rats (male, 200–250 g) by dissolving in citrate buffer. Morris water maze (MWM) and attentional set shifting tests were used to assess the spatial learning, memory, reversal learning, and executive functioning in animals. Body weight, serum glucose, serum nitrite/nitrate, vascular endothelial function, aortic superoxide anion, brains’ oxidative markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive species-TBARS, reduced glutathione-GSH, superoxide dismutase-SOD, and catalase-CAT), mitochondrial enzyme complex (I, II, and IV), inflammatory markers (interleukin-IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-TNF-α, and myeloperoxidase-MPO), and acetylcholinesterase activity-AChE were also assessed. Quercetin (30 mg kg−1/60 mg kg−1) and folacin (30 mg kg−1/60 mg kg−1) were used as the treatment drugs. Donepezil (0.5 mg kg−1) was used as a positive control.ResultsSTZ administered rats showed reduction in learning, memory, reversal learning, executive functioning, impairment in endothelial function, increase in brains’ oxidative stress; inflammation; AChE activity, and decrease in mitochondrial complex (I, II, and IV) activity. Administration of quercetin and folacin in two different doses, significantly attenuated the STZ induced diabetes induced impairments in the behavioral, endothelial, and biochemical parameters.ConclusionsSTZ administration caused diabetes and VaD which was attenuated by the administration of quercetin and folacin. Therefore, these agents may be studied further for the assessment of their full potential in diabetes induced VaD conditions.
Directional color routing assisted by switchable Fano resonance in bimetallic metagrating
Authors: Liu Feifei , Wang Meng , Zhang Xinping 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGreat progress in nanophotonics has been demonstrated in tailoring the impinging beams. The physics behind those intriguing effects is to a large extent governed by the parameter of the optical phase. While, simple nanostructures usually suffer from fundamental limitations on their efficiency in wave transformation, especially in the transmission system, associated with their inadequate phase accumulation, challenge their implementation in practical application. Here, we describe a transparent nanostructure built from a pair of partially overlapped gold and aluminum semi-nanoshells that show almostπphase accumulation through material-dependent plasmon resonances. Combined with an optical slab waveguide, the bimetallic metagratings exhibit prominent directional color routing properties in transmission light, which result from switchable Fano resonances between plasmon resonances of bimetallic nanostructures and ±1 order waveguide diffraction modes at two opposite oblique incidences due to sufficient phase shift provided by the asymmetric and bimetallic plasmon resonators. Both theoretical and experimental results show that the Fano-resonance-assisted color routing exhibits a relatively broadband tuning range (∼150 nm with an efficiency of up to 50%) and a color routing efficiency of up to 70% at the central wavelength ofλ = 600 nm.
Crystal structure of bis(µ2- 4-iodopyridine-2,6-dicarboxylato-κ3
O:N:O′)-bis(4-iodopyridine-2,6-dicarboxylato-κ3
O:N:O′)-bis(µ2-1-(4-pyridyl)piperazine-κ2
N:N′)-hexa-aqua-tetra-copper(II), C46H46Cu4I4N10O22
Authors: Lv Benlian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
C46H46Cu4I4N10O22, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.6637(2) Å, b = 18.8249(6) Å, c = 14.8626(5) Å, β = 93.853(3)°, Z = 2, V = 2976.81(15) Å3, R

gt
(F) = 0.0361, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0726, T = 291 K.
The crystal structure of 4-chloro-2-(quinolin-8-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione, C17H9ClN2O2
Authors: Yang Fan , Yao Lin , Zeng Xu-Li 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
C17H9ClN2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 13.6888(4) Å, b = 8.3775(2) Å, c = 12.9180(3) Å, β = 110.515(3)°, V = 1387.46(7) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0420, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1224, T = 293(2) K.
‘You Are Gods’ (Ps 81:6): Jerome and the Legacy of Origen’s Anthropology
Authors: Contini Sara 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The paper discusses Jerome’s attack against the belief that human beings share the same substance as the heavenly powers and even as the Trinity, according to the dignity (dignitas) of the soul: in polemical texts such as Ep. 124.14, Jerome attributes this belief to Origen. Jerome’s intent clearly to demarcate the difference in nature between human and divine beings is also reflected in his exegetical writings, especially when dealing with Psalm 81, where human beings are addressed as “gods.” The paper investigates Jerome’s understanding of the dignitas of humanity as it emerges from his Homily on Psalm 81: the comparison with Origen’s own passages on Psalm 81 reveals that Jerome closely follows Origen’s exegetical argument. However, through a careful definition of human dignitas Jerome intentionally distances himself from Origen when it comes to associating human beings with immortal beings, most notably Christ.
Exploring language dominance through code-switching: intervocalic voiced stop lenition in Afrikaans–Spanish bilinguals
Authors: Henriksen Nicholas , Coetzee Andries W. , García-Amaya Lorenzo , Fischer Micha 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe present study examines the relationship between the two grammars of bilingual speakers, the linguistic ecologies in which the L1 and L2 become active, and how these topics can be explored in a bilingual community undergoing L1 attrition. Our experiment focused on the production of intervocalic phonemic voiced stops for L1-Afrikaans/L2-Spanish bilinguals in Patagonia, Argentina. While these phonemes undergo systematic intervocalic lenition in Spanish (e.g., /b d ɡ/ > [β ð ɣ]), they do not in Afrikaans (e.g., /b d/ > [b d]). The bilingual participants in our study produced target Afrikaans and Spanish words in unilingual and code-switched speaking contexts. The results show that: (i) the participants produce separate phonetic categories in Spanish and Afrikaans; (ii) code-switching affects the production of the target sounds asymmetrically, such that L1 Afrikaans influences the production of L2 Spanish sounds but not vice versa; and (iii) this L1-to-L2 influence remains robust despite the instability of the L1 itself. Altogether, our findings speak to the persistence of a bilingual’s L1 phonological grammar despite cross-generational L1 attrition.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Pakistan: an update on epidemiological trends
Authors: Waqar Muhammad , Wahid Braira , Idrees Muhammad , Ali Muhammad , Rehman Zobaria 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The emergence of the pandemic in 2020 is a huge threat to global public health. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported in China in December 2019 and later spread to almost all parts of the world in four months and declared as a pandemic in March 2020. SARS-CoV-2 has infected 15.8 million people worldwide while 641,000 died of it. This study aims to report the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Pakistan. Of total of 635 samples of symptomatic individuals processed at Genome Center for Molecular Based Diagnostics and Research Pakistan, 313 (49.3%) were found SARS-CoV-2 seropositive. The study also confirmed more seroprevalence in elderly patients (>80 years) and children less than 13 years.
Virtual Reality in der betrieblichen Bildung
Authors: Riemann Thomas , Kreß Antonio , Roth Lisa , Staiger Benjamin , Metternich Joachim , Grell Petra 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Lernfabriken ermöglichen praxisnahes Lernen in realistischen Produktionsumgebungen. Jedoch stellen der hohe Ressourcenbedarf und der Bedarf an personalisierten Lernszenarien Herausforderungen an das bestehende Konzept. Der Einsatz von VR erweitert die Möglichkeiten in Lernfabriken und begegnet diesen Herausforderungen. Dieser Beitrag stellt Chancen und Risiken beim Einsatz von VR in der Weiterbildung aus Sicht von Lernfabriken dar.
Industrial Data Science erfolgreich implementieren
Authors: Nolte Viktoria , Sindram Tanja , Mazarov Jürgen , Deuse Jochen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Die Potenziale von Industrial Data Science haben Unternehmen unlängst erkannt, scheitern jedoch an deren Umsetzung. In diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse einer branchenübergreifenden Interviewstudie mit über 50 Führungskräften und Fachexperten vorgestellt, wobei Durchführungshemmnisse und Erfolgsfaktoren identifiziert werden. Zudem werden Anforderungen an das Change Management diskutiert sowie konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen für Unternehmen gegeben.
Pons et cella penaria – Die Bedeutung Siziliens für die Entwicklung des Imperium Romanum ausgehend von Ciceros „Verrinen“
Authors: Kleyhons Ferdinand 
Published: June 2021

Pons et cella penaria – The importance of Sicily for the formation of the Roman Empire on the basis of Ciceros “In Verrem”In the year 70 BCE, one of the most renowned trials in Roman history took place: The lawsuit of Gaius Verres, former propraetor of the Roman province Sicilia. Marcus Tullius Cicero, taking up the role of the claimant in this trial, wrote a series of speeches against Verres (“In Verrem”). Therein he stated, among other things, the importance of Sicily for the Roman Empire. As the first Roman province, it introduced the Romans to a new system of governing foreign territory. It functioned as a “bridge” for the conquest of Carthage and, finally, it fed the Roman population and its army. The following paper will examine each of these three steps, as well as use them as a framework to discuss the role of Sicily for the formation of the Roman Empire.
Learning an Efficient Hippocampal Place Map from Entorhinal Inputs Using Non-Negative Sparse Coding
Authors: Lian Yanbo , Burkitt Anthony N. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCells in the entorhinal cortex (EC) contain rich spatial information and project strongly to the hippocampus where a cognitive map is supposedly created. These cells range from cells with structured spatial selectivity, such as grid cells in the medial EC (MEC) that are selective to an array of spatial locations that form a hexagonal grid, to weakly spatial cells, such as non-grid cells in the MEC and lateral EC (LEC) that contain spatial information but have no structured spatial selectivity. However, in a small environment, place cells in the hippocampus are generally selective to a single location of the environment, while granule cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus have multiple discrete firing locations but lack spatial periodicity. Given the anatomic connection from the EC to the hippocampus, how the hippocampus retrieves information from upstream EC remains unclear. Here, we propose a unified learning model that can describe the spatial tuning properties of both hippocampal place cells and dentate gyrus granule cells based on non-negative sparse coding from EC inputs. Sparse coding plays an important role in many cortical areas and is proposed here to have a key role in the hippocampus. Our results show that the hexagonal patterns of MEC grid cells with various orientations, grid spacings and phases are necessary for the model to learn different place cells that efficiently tile the entire spatial environment. However, if there is a lack of diversity in any grid parameters or a lack of hippocampal cells in the network, this will lead to the emergence of hippocampal cells that have multiple firing locations. More surprisingly, the model can also learn hippocampal place cells even when weakly spatial cells, instead of grid cells, are used as the input to the hippocampus. This work suggests that sparse coding may be one of the underlying organizing principles for the navigational system of the brain.
Integrative Cistromic and Transcriptomic Analyses Identify CREB Target Genes in Cystic Renal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Liu Zhiheng , Liu Yunjing , Dang Lin , Geng Meijuan , Sun Yongzhan , Lu Yi , Fang Zhongze , Xiong Hui , Chen Yupeng 
Published: June 2021

Significance Statement
Transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in kidney development and diseases by recognizing specific DNA sequences to control gene expression programs. The kidney’s cellular heterogeneity poses substantial challenges to identifying the genomic binding sites and direct target genes of TFs in vivo. We apply the cleavage under targets and release using nuclease (CUT&RUN) technique, together with transcriptomic analysis, to identify cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) target genes in cystic epithelial cells of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in a mouse model. CREB binds to and activates ribosomal biogenesis genes, and inhibition of CREB retards cyst growth in the ADPKD models. CUT&RUN is a powerful method for genome-scale profiling and identifying direct targets of TFs from small numbers of specific kidney cells.

Background
Genome-wide mapping of transcription factor (TF) binding sites is essential to identify a TF’s direct target genes in kidney development and diseases. However, due to the cellular complexity of the kidney and limited numbers of a given cell type, it has been challenging to determine the binding sites of a TF in vivo. cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is phosphorylated and hyperactive in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). We focus on CREB as an example to profile genomic loci bound by a TF and to identify its target genes using low numbers of specific kidney cells.

Methods
Cleavage under targets and release using nuclease (CUT&RUN) assays were performed with Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA)–positive tubular epithelial cells from normal and ADPKD mouse kidneys. Pharmacologic inhibition of CREB with 666-15 and genetic inhibition with A-CREB were undertaken using ADPKD mouse models.

Results
CUT&RUN to profile genome-wide distribution of phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB) indicated correlation of p-CREB binding with active histone modifications (H3K4me3 and H3K27ac) in cystic epithelial cells. Integrative analysis with CUT&RUN and RNA-sequencing revealed CREB direct targets, including genes involved in ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis. Pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of CREB suppressed cyst growth in ADPKD mouse models.

Conclusions
CREB promotes cystogenesis by activating ribosome biogenesis genes. CUT&RUN, coupled with transcriptomic analysis, enables interrogation of TF binding and identification of direct TF targets from a low number of specific kidney cells.
An International Virtual Workshop on Global Seismology and Tectonics (IVWGST-2020)
Authors: Baruah Santanu , Dey Chandan , Borthakur Prachurjya , Narahari Sastry G. , Michael Andrew J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
An International Virtual Workshop on Global Seismology and Tectonics (IVWGST-2020) was organized by the Geoscience and Technology Division of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, India from 14 to 25 September 2020. This workshop predominantly catered to undergraduate, postgraduate, and Ph.D. students, scientists, and academicians from across the globe. The primary motive of IVWGST-2020 was to inspire the participating students, perturbed by the unprecedented situation brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, with quality lecture sessions, so as to lift their spirits. The virtual workshop served as a conduit for the students and researchers to directly interact with several pioneers and prominent geoscience researchers from around the world. Lectures, via Microsoft Teams, were given by 15 eminent speakers from diverse geoscience forums and institutions, and were attended by more than 1000 participants, mostly students and researchers, from 30 different countries. This report briefly summarizes the agenda, describes our experiences hosting the virtual workshop, and documents the challenges faced.
A Compact Program for 3D Passive Seismic Source-Location Imaging
Authors: Chen Yangkang , Saad Omar M. , Bai Min , Liu Xingye , Fomel Sergey 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMicroseismic source-location imaging is important for inferring the dynamic status of reservoirs during hydraulic fracturing. The accuracy and resolution of the located microseismic sources are closely related to the imaging technique. We present an open-source program for high-fidelity and high-resolution 3D microseismic source-location imaging. The presented code is compact in the sense that all required subroutines are included in one single C program, based on which seismic wavefields can be propagated either forward during a synthetic test or backward during a real time-reversal imaging process. The compact C program is accompanied by a Python script known as the SConstruct file in the Madagascar open-source platform to compile and run the C program. The velocity model and recorded microseismic data can be input using the Python script. This compact program is useful for educational purposes and for future algorithm development. We introduce the basics of the imaging method used in the presented package and present one representative synthetic example and a field data example. The results show that the presented program can be reliably used to locate source locations using a passive seismic dataset.
Ultrasound guided percutaneous biopsy of omentum: a safest technique to detect the causes of omental thickening
Authors: Iqbal Junaid , Al-Qamari Nauman , Sattar Amjad , Rashid Sadia 
Published: June 2021

Background: The objective of our study was to determine the diagnostic value and safety of ultrasound guided percutaneous biopsy of omental thickening.Methods: We prospectively analyzed 60 patients who underwent USG-guided omental biopsies in our institute from January 2016 to December 2016.Results: Total 60 patients were included in our study. There were 40 (66.7%) female and 20 (33.3%) male patients. There were total 36 (60%) malignant cases, 20 (33.3%) chronic inflammation suggestive of TB while 4 (6.7%) were chronic peritoneal infection. Out of 36 malignant cases, majority 24 (66.7%) had ovarian cancer, 8 (22.2%) had endometrium cancer and 4 (11.1%) had large bowel cancer. Repeat biopsies were performed only in 4 (6.7%) cases.Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy of omentum is less expensive, safe and effective method with a high diagnostic accuracy.
Primary total knee replacement using dished polyethylene with resected posterior cruciate ligament
Authors: Kumar Mohan M. , Pai Satvik N. , Vanchi Pravin K. , Ravi Raghav , Nath Syam 
Published: June 2021

<p><strong>Background: </strong>The choice between preserving, sacrificing or substituting the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is always a controversial topic in total knee replacement (TKR). Dished polyethylene insert with PCL resection enables correction of the commonly present fixed flexion and varus deformities. Additionally, the risk of premature wear of polyethylene is less because of the confirming articular geometry between the femoral and tibial component.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective study in which we studied 120 knees in 95 consecutive patients undergoing primary TKR by the senior author at our institute. We used TKR system with dished metal backed polyethylene tibial component. PCL resection was performed in all cases. Pre-operative and post-operative functional assessment were done using knee society clinical scores and Western Ontario and McMaster universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC). All radiographs were assessed using the knee society Roentgenographic scoring system (KSRES). Statistical analysis was performed using paired student t tests. Survivorship was determined using Kaplan-Meier survivorship curves. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean follow-up was 8 years. Range of motion increased from 75 degrees to 110 degrees. The knee society pain score increased from 30 to 94. The knee society function score increased from 35 to 75. WOMAC score increased in terms of pain, stiffness and physical function.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We conclude that deep dish bearing is a viable option in presence of deficient PCL and provides adequate stability and functional outcome. We need a larger sample size, multicentre trial and longer follow-up to see for complication rate, revision rate and survival.</p>
Informed Consent in Orthopaedic cases
Authors: Pai Satvik N. 
Published: June 2021

<p>Informed consent is an exercise to provide patients with adequate information before undergoing a medical procedure. Orthopaedic surgeons need to be aware of all aspects of informed consent and also certain modifications it requires as per the diagnosis/procedure planned. Extensive literature was reviewed regarding informed consent in orthopaedic cases. Medico-legal verdicts relating to orthopaedic cases where the informed consent played a vital part were analysed in detail. Specific orthopaedic cases and the common complications occurring after them were also analysed.</p><p> </p>
Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Environmental Governance in Canada
Authors: McGregor Deborah 
Published: June 2021

This contribution addresses key issues around the application of Indigenous knowledge in contexts where such knowledge is neither generated nor held (academy, industry, governments, etc.). Effective models for the ethical incorporation of Indigenous knowledge into environmental governance in Canada have remained elusive despite decades of attempts. The predominant research paradigm of “incorporating” Indigenous knowledge into environmental governance is one of extraction by the external interests who seek to include specific aspects of such knowledge in their undertakings. This approach continues to fail because Indigenous knowledge exists as an integral component of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS). It is often hollow and potentially damaging to consider any knowledge without understanding the societal systems and peoples that produced it. Indigenous knowledge is not just “knowledge” (a noun) but a way of life, something that must be lived (a verb) in order to be understood. Indigenous knowledge is inseparable from the people who hold and live this knowledge. Although government policy and legislation have evolved in attempts to treat Indigenous knowledge more holistically, the overriding paradigm of extraction remains essentially unchanged. Even the most recent frameworks will meet with limited success as a result. Appropriate and effective inclusion of Indigenous knowledge requires recognition of the systems that support it, which in turn necessitates support for Indigenous self-determination.