bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiation of Juxtaglomerular Apparatus Cells in Developing Nephrons in BALB /c Type Mouse Embryos
Authors: GÜRCÜ Beyhan , KARAÇALI Sabire 
Published: September 2021

Objective: This study examined the development of nephrons and the differentiation of juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) cells in BALB/c type mouse embryos. Thick and thin epon sections were investigated by light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) respectively.
Materials and Methods: Nephron development is completed by passing through the nephrogenic vesicles in the respected stages of comma shape body, S-shape body, precapillary, immature glomerular, and mature glomerular stage. JGA is distinguished in the mature glomerular stage of nephron development at LM level. According to TEM observations, signs of differentiation of juxtaglomerular (JG) cells and macula densa (MD) cells forming JGA are seen earlier, in precapillary stage. In developed Golgi fields that characterize JG cells, large number of electron lucent small vesicles and small number of electron dense large renin granules are seen in the precapillary stage. In the mature glomerulus, the number of electron dense large granules increases in JG cells. The differentiation of MD cells is indicated by the formation of primary cilia on their apical faces in precapillary stage. Deep membrane folds are formed in the basal and lateral faces of MD cells in the mature glomerular stage. There are many numbers of large mitochondria in these regions.
Results: JG and MD cells, which play an absolute role in the regulation of the renin-angiotensin system are differentiated in precapillary stage before completion of nephron development and formation of blood vessels.
Conclusion: Such early differentiation of JGA cells suggests that the renin-angiotensin system is important both in the development of the kidney and in the total development of embryo.
Hepatosellüler Karsinomda Klinik ve Prognostik Özelliklerin Değerlendirilmesi: Tek Merkez Deneyimi
Authors: ERDOĞAN Atike Pinar , EKİNCİ Ferhat , ÖZVEREN Ahmet , ÇELİK Cumali , ATEŞ Gonca Akdere , AKAY Seval , DİRİCAN Ahmet 
Published: September 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: Hepatoselüler karsinom (HCC), kanserin yaygın bir nedenidir ve çoğu HCC hastasında altta yatan siroz vardır. Retrospektif olarak kliniğimizde takipli HCC'li hastalarını karakterize etmeyi, sağkalımı araştırmayı ve sağkalım için öngörücü faktörleri belirlemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Tıbbi Onkoloji Polikliniğinde 2014-2019 yılları arasında HCC teşhisi konan tüm hastalar geriye dönük olarak çalışmaya kaydedildi. Genel sağkalım Kaplan -Meier yöntemi kullanılarak hesaplandı. Sağkalım için öngördürücü faktörleri belirlemek için çok değişkenli Cox regresyon analizi yapıldı.
Bulgular: Kliniğimizde takipli 40 HCC hastasının medyan tanı yaşı 66 olup %90’ı erkektir. Hepatit B virüs (HBV) enfeksiyonu en sık etyolojik sebeptir. C-Reaktif Protein (CRP) seviyesi daha yüksek olan hastaların sağkalım sürelerinin daha kısa olduğu görülmüştür. AFP düzeyi ile sağkalım arasında anlamlı korelasyon izlenmemiştir.
Sonuç: Bölgemizde HBV’ye bağlı HCC’nin daha sık görüldüğü saptanmıştır. Hedefe yönelik tedavilerin umut vadettiği ve bu yönde prediktif belirteçlere ihtiyaç duyulduğu düşünülmektedir.
INTERRELATION OF microRNAS AND TRANSPOSONS IN AGING AND CARCINOGENESIS
Authors: Мустафин Р.Н. 
Published: September 2021

Активация мобильных генетических элементов играет роль в канцерогенезе и физиологическом старении человека, которое ассоциировано с развитием злокачественных новообразований. В данной статье представлены результаты анализа данных о наличии единых эпигенетических изменений при старении и канцерогенезе, обусловленных динамикой экспрессии происходящих от транспозонов микроРНК. Было выявлено, что при старении нарушается экспрессия происходящей от транспозонов 21 специфической микроРНК, уровень которых меняется также при злокачественных новообразованиях. Ранее подобных свидетельств о взаимосвязи механизмов старения и канцерогенеза на эпигенетическом уровне не было представлено. Полученные результаты позволяют предположить, что одним из ключевых механизмов старения является дисбаланс в запрограммированной активации мобильных генетических элементов, что отражается на изменении эпигенетической регуляции организма и приводит к повышенному риску развития рака. Так как прекурсоры микроРНК могут транслироваться с образованием функциональных молекул, применяемые в геронтологии пептиды могут быть рассмотрены как потенциальные противоопухолевые препараты.
Dysregulation of transposable elements plays a key role in human carcinogenesis. Physiological aging in humans is also caused by deregulation of transposons. Moreover, aging is associated with the development of cancer. We presented the results of an analysis of data on the presence of common epigenetic changes during aging and carcinogenesis, associated with changes in the expression of microRNAs derived from transposons. We found that aging is characterized by changes in the expression of 21 specific transposon-derived microRNAs associated with the development of malignant neoplasms. Before us, evidence similar to ours on the relationship between the mechanisms of aging and carcinogenesis at the epigenetic level has not been presented. We hypothesized that one of the key mechanisms of aging is an imbalance in the programmed activation of mobile genetic elements, which is reflected in changes in the body’s epigenetic regulation and leads to an increased risk of cancer. Since miRNA precursors can be translated with the formation of functional molecules, peptides used in gerontology can be considered as potential anticancer drugs.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE THIRD STAGE OF REHABILITATION AFTER A KNEE JOINT INJURY IN PERSONS OF OLDER AGE GROUPS BY MEANS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY EXERCISES
Authors: Бобунов Д.Н. , Волкова А.С. , Селезнев Д. М. , Иорданишвили А.К. , Сенюков А.В. , Арутюнов А.В. 
Published: September 2021

Основной задачей реабилитации спортсменов с травматическими повреждениями коленного сустава и окружающих мягких тканей является эффективное и безболезненное восстановление на всех этапах лечения. Целью данной работы является внедрение комплекса физических упражнений для лечения и профилактики травматических повреждениях коленного сустава у пациентов среднего и пожилого возраста на третьем этапе восстановительного лечения (МКБ-10: S80-S89). На сегодняшний день не существует единой регламентированной программы ведения пациентов среднего и пожилого возраста на амбулаторном этапе. В статье описан третий этап организации медицинской помощи в поздний реабилитационный период, период остаточных явлений течения заболевания, без рецидивов. Физические упражнения, представленные в данном комплексе, дают пациенту независимость в повседневной жизни при самообслуживании, самостоятельном перемещении, при наличии подтвержденной результатами обследования перспективы восстановления функции (реабилитационного потенциала). Предложенная методика апробирована на 148 пациентах, прошедших все три этапа восстановительного лечения, у которых длительность ремиссии составила 12-36 мес.
The main task in the rehabilitation of athletes with traumatic injuries of the knee joint and surrounding soft tissues is effective and painless recovery at all stages of treatment. The aim of this work is to introduce a set of physical exercises for the treatment and prevention of traumatic injuries of the knee joint in middle-aged and elderly patients at the third stage of rehabilitation treatment (ICD-10: S80-S89). To date, there is no single regulated program for the management of middle-aged and elderly patients at the outpatient stage. The article describes the third stage of the organization of medical rehabilitation assistance in the late rehabilitation period, the period of residual symptoms of the course of the disease, without relapses. Physical exercises, presented in this complex, give the patient independence in everyday life in the implementation of self-service, independent movement, in the presence of the prospect of restoration of function (rehabilitation potential) confirmed by the results of the examination. The proposed technique was tested on 148 patients who underwent all 3 stages of rehabilitation treatment, in whom the duration of remission was 12-36 months.
Explicit Pieri Inclusions
Authors: Hunziker Markus , Miller John A. , Sepanski Mark 
Published: September 2021

By the Pieri rule, the tensor product of an exterior power and a finite-dimensional irreducible representation of a general linear group has a multiplicity-free decomposition. The embeddings of the constituents are called Pieri inclusions and were first studied by Weyman in his thesis and described explicitly by Olver. More recently, these maps have appeared in the work of Eisenbud, Fløystad, and Weyman and of Sam and Weyman to compute pure free resolutions for classical groups.
In this paper, we give a new closed form, non-recursive description of Pieri inclusions. For partitions with a bounded number of distinct parts, the resulting algorithm has polynomial time complexity whereas the previously known algorithm has exponential time complexity.
Sharp Minimum Degree Conditions for the Existence of Disjoint Theta Graphs
Authors: Marshall Emily , Santana Michael 
Published: September 2021

In 1963, Corrádi and Hajnal showed that if $G$ is an $n$-vertex graph with $n \ge 3k$ and $\delta(G) \ge 2k$, then $G$ will contain $k$ disjoint cycles; furthermore, this result is best possible, both in terms of the number of vertices as well as the minimum degree. In this paper we focus on an analogue of this result for theta graphs. Results from Kawarabayashi and Chiba et al. showed that if $n = 4k$ and $\delta(G) \ge \lceil \frac{5}{2}k \rceil$, or if $n$ is large with respect to $k$ and $\delta(G) \ge 2k+1$, respectively, then $G$ contains $k$ disjoint theta graphs. While the minimum degree condition in both results are sharp for the number of vertices considered, this leaves a gap in which no sufficient minimum degree condition is known. Our main result in this paper resolves this by showing if $n \ge 4k$ and $\delta(G) \ge \lceil \frac{5}{2}k\rceil$, then $G$ contains $k$ disjoint theta graphs. Furthermore, we show this minimum degree condition is sharp for more than just $n = 4k$, and we discuss how and when the sharp minimum degree condition may transition from $\lceil \frac{5}{2}k\rceil$ to $2k+1$.
Rotation Periods of TESS Objects of Interest from the Magellan-TESS Survey with Multiband Photometry from Evryscope and TESS
Authors: Howard Ward S. , Teske Johanna , Corbett Hank , Law Nicholas M. , Wang Sharon Xuesong , Ratzloff Jeffrey K. , Galliher Nathan W. , Gonzalez Ramses , Soto Alan Vasquez , Glazier Amy L. , Haislip Joshua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Stellar radial-velocity (RV) jitter due to surface activity may bias the RV semiamplitude and mass of rocky planets. The amplitude of the jitter may be estimated from the uncertainty in the rotation period, allowing the mass to be more accurately obtained. We find candidate rotation periods for 17 out of 35 TESS Objects of Interest (TOI) hosting <3 R
⊕ planets as part of the Magellan-TESS survey, which is the first-ever statistically robust study of exoplanet masses and radii across the photoevaporation gap. Seven periods are ≥3σ detections, two are ≥1.5σ, and eight show plausible variability, but the periods remain unconfirmed. The other 18 TOIs are nondetections. Candidate rotators include the host stars of the confirmed planets L 168-9 b, the HD 21749 system, LTT 1445 A b, TOI 1062 b, and the L 98-59 system. Thirteen candidates have no counterpart in the 1000 TOI rotation catalog of Canto Martins et al. We find periods for G3–M3 dwarfs using combined light curves from TESS and the Evryscope all-sky array of small telescopes, sometimes with longer periods than would be possible with TESS alone. Secure periods range from 1.4 to 26 days with Evryscope-measured photometric amplitudes as small as 2.1 mmag in

g
′

. We also apply Monte Carlo sampling and a Gaussian process stellar activity model from exoplanet to the TESS light curves of six TOIs to confirm the Evryscope periods.
The Unusual Weak-line Quasar PG1407+265 and Its Foreground z ∼ 0.7 X-Ray Cluster
Authors: McDowell Jonathan C. , Siemiginowska Aneta , Ashby Matthew , Blundell Katherine , Gallo Luigi C. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We present new observations of the odd z = 0.96 weak-line quasar PG1407+265, and report the discovery of CXOU J140927.9+261813, a z = 0.68 X-ray cluster. Archival X-ray photometry spanning nearly four decades reveals that PG1407+265 is variable at the 1 dex level on a timescale of years. V-band variability is observed with an amplitude less than 0.1 mag. The emission-line properties of PG1407+265 also reveal clear evidence for a powerful inflow or outflow due to near- or super-Eddington accretion, having a mechanical luminosity of order 1048 erg s−1. Our follow-up Chandra exposure centered on this object reveals a foreground z = 0.68 cluster roughly 1′ × 1.′5 in extent, offset to the east of PG1407+265, roughly coincident with the z = 0.68 radio galaxy FIRST J140927.8+261818. This non-cool-core cluster contributes about 10% of the X-ray flux of PG1407+265, has a mass of (0.6–5.5) × 1014
M
⊙, and an X-ray gas temperature of 2.2−4.3 keV. Because the projected position of the quasar lies at about twice that of the cluster’s inferred Einstein radius, lensing by the cluster is unlikely to explain the quasar’s unusual properties. We also discuss the evidence for a second cluster centered on and at the redshift of the quasar.
Following the Lithium: Tracing Li-bearing Molecules across Age, Mass, and Gravity in Brown Dwarfs
Authors: Gharib-Nezhad Ehsan , Marley Mark S. , Batalha Natasha E. , Visscher Channon , Freedman Richard S. , Lupu Roxana E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Lithium is an important element for the understanding of ultracool dwarfs because it is lost to fusion at masses above ∼68 M
J. Hence, the presence of atomic Li has served as an indicator of the nearby H-burning boundary at about 75 M
J between brown dwarfs and very low mass stars. Historically, the “lithium test,” a search for the presence of the Li line at 670.8 nm, has been a marker if an object has a substellar mass. While the Li test could, in principle, be used to distinguish masses of later-type L–T dwarfs, Li is predominantly no longer found as an atomic gas but rather a molecular species such as LiH, LiF, LiOH, and LiCl in cooler atmospheres. The L- and T-type dwarfs are quite faint at 670 nm and thus challenging targets for high-resolution spectroscopy. But only recently have experimental molecular line lists become available for the molecular Li species, allowing molecular Li mass discrimination. Here we generated the latest opacity of these Li-bearing molecules and performed a thermochemical equilibrium atmospheric composition calculation of their abundances. Finally, we computed thermal emission spectra for a series of radiative–convective equilibrium models of cloudy and cloudless brown dwarf atmospheres (with T
eff = 500–2400 K and

log
g
=
4.0
–
5.0

) to understand where the presence of atmospheric lithium-bearing species is most easily detected as a function of brown dwarf mass and age. After atomic Li, the best spectral signatures were found to be LiF at 10.5–12.5 μm and LiCl at 14.5–18.5 μm. Also, LiH shows a narrow feature at ∼9.38 μm.
Kinetic Imprints of Ion Acceleration in Collisionless Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Dai Lei , Wang Chi , Lavraud Benoit 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Fast collisionless magnetic reconnection implies fast energy conversion. The main form of energy conversion in magnetic reconnection concerns bulk ion acceleration with resulting ion jets. Based on theoretical analysis and MMS data, we examine the kinetic imprints of ion in the context of fast reconnection rates. The ion kinetic imprints we analyze in MMS observations include ion beams toward the X-line and distorted velocity distributions in reconnection jets. The distorted ion velocity distributions lead to a bipolar reversal in an off-diagonal element of the pressure tensor across the X-line, supporting an enhancement of the ion-scale reconnection electric field.
SMARPs and SHARPs: Two Solar Cycles of Active Region Data
Authors: Bobra Monica G. , Wright Paul J. , Sun 孙 Xudong 旭 东 , Turmon Michael J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We present a new data product, called Space-Weather MDI Active Region Patches (SMARPs), derived from maps of the solar surface magnetic field taken by the Michelson Doppler Imager on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory. Together with the Space-Weather HMI Active Region Patches (SHARPs), derived from similar maps taken by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory, these data provide a continuous and seamless set of maps and keywords that describe every active region observed over the last two solar cycles, from 1996 to the present day. In this paper, we describe the SMARP data and compare it to the SHARP data.
New Constraints on Pluto’s Sputnik Planitia Ice Sheet from a Coupled Reorientation–Climate Model
Authors: Johnson Perianne E. , Keane James T. , Young Leslie A. , Matsuyama Isamu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We present a coupled reorientation and climate model, to understand how true polar wander (TPW) and atmospheric condensation worked together to create the Sputnik Planitia (SP) ice sheet and reorient it to its present-day location on Pluto. SP is located at 18°N, 178°E, very close to the anti-Charon point, and it has been previously shown that this location can be explained by TPW reorientation of an impact basin as it fills with N2 ice. We readdress that hypothesis while including a more accurate treatment of Pluto’s climate and orbital obliquity cycle. Our model again finds that TPW is a viable mechanism for the formation and present-day location of SP. We find that the initial impact basin could have been located north of the present-day location, at latitudes between 35°N and 50°N. The empty basin is constrained to be 2.5–3 km deep, with enough N2 available to form at most a 1–2 km thick ice sheet. Larger N2 inventories reorient too close to the anti-Charon point. After reaching the final location, the ice sheet undergoes short periods of sublimation and recondensation on the order of 10 m of ice, due to Pluto’s variable obliquity cycle, which drives short periods of reorientation of a few kilometers. The obliquity cycle also has a role in the onset of infilling; some initial basin locations are only able to begin accumulating N2 ice at certain points during the obliquity cycle. We also explore the sensitivity of the coupled model to albedo, initial obliquity, and Pluto’s orbit.
Les richesses de la pleine conscience
Authors: Williams J. Mark G. , Kabat-Zinn Jon 
Published: September 2021

Les directeurs de cet ouvrage sur la pleine conscience l’introduisent en expliquant sa raison, ses buts et ses intentions. L’intégration des approches inspirées par la pleine conscience dans la médecine, la psychologie, les neurosciences, la santé, l’éducation, la gestion des affaires et d’autres domaines sociétaux importants est devenue un terrain florissant. La rapidité d’un tel accroissement d’intérêt pour les applications contemporaines profanes de ces pratiques traditionnellement associées à des perspectives culturelles et philosophiques spécifiques donne naissance à la préoccupation d’une dénaturation involontaire par ignorance et/ou d’une exploitation mal comprise dans des contextes inappropriés et finalement peu judicieux. Les auteurs suggèrent qu’il s’agit d’un point dans le développement de ce nouveau domaine qui émerge à la confluence de deux épistémologies puissantes et potentiellement en synergie, un point où il serait particulièrement indiqué de faire une pause et de se situer. Les collaborateurs de cet ouvrage, tous experts dans les domaines de la science bouddhiste, de la recherche scientifique ou de la mise en œuvre de la pleine conscience dans les contextes de santé ou d’éducation, affrontent le défi de l’identification des terrains les plus évidents de synergie potentielle et de disjonction possible. Nous espérons que de ces échanges, réflexions et conversations collectives peuvent naître des compréhensions et des émergences nouvelles qui indiqueront le chemin et prouveront l’intérêt de ce domaine prometteur.
Parental knowledge, attitude and practice of oral hygiene of special children in Bangalore
Authors: Saseendran Anagha , Nagar Priya , Nameeda K. S. , Nihala K. Fathimath 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Oral hygiene of special children is directly related to their disability, and parents play a key role in a child's oral hygiene maintenance which would influence their general health condition.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of parents of special children toward oral hygiene maintenance and to correlate the same with educational and socioeconomic status.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among the mothers of children from special schools in Bangalore. The survey included questions related to knowledge and attitude of parents and practice of oral hygiene maintenance for their children. The results were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis using Chi-square test. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:
The parents of the special children had sufficient knowledge on the maintenance of oral hygiene, and the educational status of the parent had a positive impact on the child's oral health.

Conclusion:
Oral hygiene maintenance of special children is extremely important as primary teeth serve as the milestone in orofacial growth and development.
The Armenian Apostolic Church in the Politics of the Russian Empire: the Search for an Administrative Optimum
Authors: Urushadze Amiran 
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes governmental debates on the functions, rights and privileges of the Armenian Catholicoi in the context of inter-institutional controversies. The author attempts to identify and analyze the most influential programmes for solving the “Echmiadzin issue” and their origins presenting at the same time certain aspects of political interaction between the Russian Empire and the Armenian Church as overlapping processes and related events. The history of relationships between Russian state and Armenian Church in XIX–XX centuries shows that different actors of the imperial politics had different ideas about the optimal model of cooperation with Echmiadzin. The divisions took place not only between the various departments (the Ministry of Internal Affairs versus the Ministry of Foreign Affairs), but also within them, where individual officials could hold “anti-departmental” views in each particular case. All this hindered administrative consolidation, slowed down the empire's response to important political challenges and dragged the imperial structures into protracted service-hierarchical confrontations. The “Etchmiadzin Question” and the governmental discussions around it show in part the administrative paralysis of the autocracy and the decompensation of the system of power in the Russian Empire in the early 20th century.
The article employs a rich documentary base of archival materials from the collections of the Russian State Historical Archive. These materials are introduced into the scholarly discourse for the first time ever.