bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear MHD simulations of external kinks in quasi-axisymmetric stellarators using an axisymmetric external rotational transform approximation
Authors: Ramasamy R. , Hoelzl M. , Strumberger E. , Lackner K. , Günter S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Reduced magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations are used to study the nonlinear dynamics of external kinks in a quasi-axisymmetric (QA) stellarator with varying fractions of external rotational transform. The large bootstrap currents associated with high beta plasmas may make QA configurations susceptible to low n external modes, limiting their operational space. The violence of the nonlinear dynamics, and, in particular, when these modes lead to a disruption, is not yet understood. In this paper, the nonlinear phase of external kinks in an unstable QA configuration with an edge safety factor below two is simulated. An axisymmetric approximation of this stellarator is constructed in the nonlinear MHD code, JOREK, capturing the influence of the external rotational transform. The use of this approximation for the considered stellarator is validated by comparing the linear dynamics against the linear viscoresistive MHD code, CASTOR3D. The nonlinear dynamics of this stellarator approximation are compared with an equivalent tokamak to understand the influence of a relatively small external rotational transform. While the external rotational transform does have a stabilizing influence on the MHD activity, it remains violent. To explore the first order influence of a larger external rotational transform, this equilibrium parameter is artificially increased for the considered stellarator, reducing the effective plasma current. The violence of the kink instability is quantified, and shown to reduce with the increasing external rotational transform. At the same time, the external kink triggers internal modes that exacerbate the loss in confinement during the nonlinear phase, such that it remains large over much of the parameter space. It is only with a significant fraction of external rotational transform that these subsequent modes are stabilized.
IceCube Search for Galactic Neutrino Sources based on Very High Energy γ-ray Observations
Authors: Kheirandish Ali 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Galactic cosmic rays reach energies of at least several PeV, and their interactions should generate γ-rays and neutrinos from decay of secondary pions. Therefore, Galactic sources have a guaranteed contribution to the total high-energy cosmic neutrino flux observed by IceCube. Assuming that the highest energy γ-rays are pionic, promising neutrino source candidates have been identified based on their spectra, and observing them is likely over the lifetime of the IceCube experiment. Here, we present the search for Galactic sources of high-energy cosmic neutrinos by focusing on sources identified by HAWC’s very high energy γ-ray survey.
Atmospheric transparency at TA site using Central Laser Facility
Authors: Tomida T. , Uehama T. , Yamazaki K. , Udo S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Telescope Array (TA) experiment has three fluorescence detector (FD) stations to measure fluorescence light emitted from extensive air showers, especially produced by Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays(UHECRs). These fluorescence light is attenuated and decreased by aerosols in the atmosphere during their propagation to the FD. Measuring and calibrating the atmospheric attenuation is necessary to estimate energy of primary cosmic rays. The central Laser Facility (CLF) consists of a laser of wavelength of 355 nm, and emits beam vertically with 10 Hz, every half-hour. The atmospheric transparency in terms of the Vertical Atmospheric Optical Depth (VAOD) is measured with the CLF every 30 minutes during FD observation. The CLF is located at the center of three FD stations and observes the atmospheric transparency of the TA site. We calculated VAOD
τAS(5km) at the BR station using 1853 events of the CLF laser from January 2012 to September 2016. We found that the median of VAOD at 5 km height from the ground is

0.043

−
0.015

+
0.025

. We also found a seasonal variation of VAOD using the same data.
Study of Charged-Current neutrino interactions on water with nuclear emulsion in the NINJA experiment
Authors: Hiramoto A. , Suzuki Y. , Fukuda T. , Nakaya T. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Neutrino-nucleus interaction is one of the major sources of the uncertainty for neutrino oscillation experiments. The NINJA experiment aims to measure neutrino-water interactions containing low-momentum secondary particles using a nuclear emulsion detector. Since the nuclear emulsion has sub-micron position resolution, it allows us to observe the interaction vertices clearly. Short proton tracks down to 200 MeV/c momentum are expected to be observed, which are hardly reconstructed in plastic scintillator based detectors. A series of test experiments has been carried out with prototype detectors at J-PARC. In a test run in 2017-2018, a 3 kg water target detector was exposed to anti-neutrino beam corresponding to 0.7 × 1021 POT (protons on target). We have successfully detected low momentum protons above 200 MeV/c threshold from neutrino-water interactions.
Status of standard oscillation physics with IceCube DeepCore
Authors: Yanez J. P. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The IceCube neutrino observatory is a cubic km neutrino telescope located at the geographic South Pole. DeepCore is an infill array within IceCube that enables the detection of atmospheric neutrinos with energies as low as 5 GeV. These lower energy atmospheric neutrinos make it possible to study a broad range of particle physics including the measurement of standard neutrino oscillations. In this talk I discuss the recent oscillation results from IceCube DeepCore and go over the future prospects of oscillation physics with this detector.
Background analysis for the SNO+ experiment
Authors: Lozza V. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
SNO+ is a large multi-purpose liquid scintillator based experiment, with the main physics goal of searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of 130Te. The first of the three SNO+ phases started in May 2017, with the detector filled with ultra-pure water. The deep underground location (6000 m.w.e.) and the low background levels allowed new physics searches, together with the measurement of the 8B solar neutrino flux in the 5-15 MeV energy range. Recently, SNO+ has began the transition to the scintillator phase. The double-beta decay phase is expected to start in early 2020, when the ultra-pure liquid scintillator will be loaded with 3.9 tonnes of natural tellurium, for a half-life sensitivity larger than 2×1026 years in 5 years of data taking. This article focuses on the low background measurement of the initial water phase.
Astroparticle Physics in Hyper-Kamiokande
Authors: Yano Takatomi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Hyper-Kamiokande (Hyper-K) is a proposed next generation neutrino experiment, aiming at the measurement which starts at 2027. Hyper-K project includes a high intensity accelerator neutrino beamline at J-PARC and large water Cherenkov far detectors. Each detector will provide the fiducial volume of 0.19 Mt ultra-pure water. Due to its world-largest water volume, superior performance of the new photodetector and the location at deep underground, Hyper-K will also have great capability for neutrino astrophysics and push back the frontiers. Here, the Hyper-K’s detector performance for MeV neutrinos will be shown. Then the issues for neutrino astrophysics and our reach will be discussed, i.e., for solar neutrino, supernova burst neutrino and supernova relic neutrino observations.
Bi-probability plots and PMNS compatibility studies with the T2K experiment
Authors: Sztuc Artur 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Bi-probability plots are a way of displaying the expected P(vμ
→ ve
) and

P
(

v
¯

μ

→

v
¯

e

)

for long baseline neutrino experiments. They provide an easy visualisation of how δCP
and mass hierarchy affect neutrino probabilities, and allow theorists to easily compare their theory predictions to experimental data fit results. We present the electron (anti)neutrino appearance bi-probability plots from the most recent T2K data fit. We also present bi-probability plots from fits with an extra parameter, β, that allows the fit additional freedom compared to the PMNS model and tests the compatibility of the T2K data with the PMNS model.
Classification of Super-Kamiokande atmospheric neutrino events by using neural network
Authors: Matsumoto Ryo , Ishitsuka Masaki 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We present a new event classification method based on neural network for multi-GeV multi-ring samples from Super-Kamiokande (SK) atmospheric neutrino observation. Identifications of neutrino flavors are more difficult for multi-ring events due to several hadrons generated in deep inelastic scattering. We employed neural network to optimize the classification from a combination of observed variables. Compared with the conventional method, significant improvements of the ve
selection efficiency is confirmed with the comparable misidentification probabilities. Sensitivity to neutrino mass hierarchy can be improved with more statistics of ve
samples.
CUPID: CUORE Upgrade with Particle IDentification
Authors: Pavan Maura 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
CUPID is a next generation Double Beta Decay experiment based on scintillating bolometers. The already developed CUORE infrastructure will become the site in which the new detector will be installed. The technology, successfully tested in Laboratory Nazionali del Gran Sasso by CUPID-0 and in Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane by CUPID-Mo, will provide the rejection capability that allows to reduce the background by two orders of magnitude with respect to CUORE one. This result will be achieved using enriched Li2MoO4 scintillating bolometers for the study of the 100Mo isotope. The estimated discover sensitivity of CUPID for the effective neutrino Majorana mass is of the order of 20 meV .
The research on amorphous coatings for future GW detectors
Authors: Piergiovanni F 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The high mechanical losses of the multilayer reflecting coating deposited on the mirror surface account for the main contribution to the thermal noise, limiting the sensitivity in the mid-frequency region of the detection band of the future gravitational waves detectors. Several European laboratories of the Virgo Collaboration have joined their efforts to improve the coating mechanical performances. The research lines of this collaboration are all focused on amorphous coatings, which represent a viable solution for the future GW detector generations. The main target is to find a way to reduce by a factor three the mechanical losses of the coating for the next generation of room temperature operating detectors. Some activities are also meant to be relevant for cryogenic operations. The status of this collaborative work will be described as well as the latest results of the different research lines.
Research on Lane-level Travel Time Prediction Method Based on Gated Recurrent Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Shupeng , Guan Deyong , Liu Haiqing 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to meet the needs of refined traffic guidance in the environment of the Internet of Vehicles, a lane-level travel time prediction method based on Gated Recurrent Neural Network is proposed. The research is based on the vehicle information collected by electronic police equipment, and analyzes and integrates the trip time of a single vehicle as model input; builds a gated recurrent unit(GRU) model deep learning framework, and performs multiple iterations through deviation correction and parameter update; The vehicle travel time data is verified and compared with the ARIMA model, BPNN model and LSTM model. The results show that the MAE and RMSE values of the GRU model are lower than other models, so it has good prediction accuracy.
Learn to Speak Like A Native: AI-powered Chatbot Simulating Natural Conversation for Language Tutoring
Authors: Tu Jianhong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

In a globalizing world, the demand for acquiring a new language is expanding at a fast pace. However, language learners who have little opportunity to use the targeted language in their daily life are unable to increase their familiarity with the language given that contextual conversation is proven helpful in language acquisition. The current study dedicates to address this problem by proposing a language learning chatbot with which one can practice in a simulated setting. The chatbot is based on the deep neural network and is trained by MultiWOZ and personaChat collected in previous works. One chatbot structure is proposed to optimize the performance of the DNN chatbot. In comparison with the conventional chatbot, the new structure features a higher accuracy rate of generating appropriate utterance and suffers less from overfitting. Both machine and human evaluation show that the chatbot is able to produce transactional conversations that cover multiple domains of daily life conversations and incorporates a large vocabulary base as well as diverse sentence structures, which are beneficial for students.
Temperature dependence of the luminescence of powder SrAl2O4:(Eu2+, Dy3+) phosphor excited by cw and pulsed laser radiation
Authors: Banishev A F , Banishev A A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the results of a study of the temperature dependence of the photoluminescence and phosphorescence of the mechanoluminophor powder SrAl2O4:(Eu2+), SrAl2O4:(Eu2+, Dy3+), CaAl2O4:(Eu2+, Dy3+) which are promising materials for the creation of mechano-optical converters. The photoluminescence of the phosphors’ phosphorescence was excited by a set of cw lasers with different wavelengths. The temperature dependence of the kinetics of the photoluminescence and phosphorescence afterglow was studied. It is shown that with an increase in temperature to T » 90 °C, an increase in the intensity of the afterglow (phosphorescence) is observed in the initial period of time after switching off the exciting laser radiation.
Interlayer architecture for diffusion welding of monocrystalline silicon with copper
Authors: Barabanova O A , Nabatchikov S V , Zhukov E Yu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the production of silicon-based products, one of the main tasks is to create a reliable connection of monocrystalline silicon with metals. This article discusses the issue of obtaining a welded joint of monocrystalline silicon with copper using intermediate layers.
Ti-doping of hematite by ion implantation method
Authors: Demirov A P , Blinkov I V , Sedegov A S , Chernogor A V , Kuznetsov D V , Kurichenko V L , Kolesnikov E A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Bulk α-Fe2O3 (hematite) sample with open porosity of 20 % and average pore size of 390 nm was obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Ti-doping was carried out by ion bombardment method. Morphology, porosity, elemental and phase compositions were investigated. Rutile and titanomagnetite phases were formed after Ti-doping.
Effect of reference accelerating voltage on formation of TiN structural coatings during vacuum ion-plasma treatment
Authors: Petrov L M , Betsofen S Ya , Smirnova A N , Ashmarin A A , Semenov V D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this article the matters of the structure of TiN coatings in the function of the parameters of ion-plasma vacuum treatment are addressed and their temporal evolution is considered.
Effect of Favipiravir on some epidemic infections: A mini review
Authors: Ibrahim N K , Al-Garawi Z S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Favipiravir is a modern antiviral drug that can be used in developing viral pandemics, such as the Ebola virus, H1N1 flu, Lassa fever, and haemorrhagic fever outbreaks in Argentina in 2009. A. Chain conclusion Favipiravir is transformed to favipiravir-RTP and inserted into the RNA strand that is elongating. Then, since favipiravir acts as a chain terminator, chain elongation slows down at incorporation site of favipiravir and does not continue. The proofreading enzyme cannot repair this complex of RNA-favipiravir and it will be discarded as excessive RNA, which causes the extinction of the viral genome. Mutagenesis with lethal consequences Ribavirin is used in the RNA elongating process until completion. The single strand of RNA with several ribavirin incorporation sites incorporates ribavirin or acts as mRNA for the production of viral proteins. Due to incorporation of ribavirin onto viral RNA, a mismatching of the base pairs (transition mutation) will occur. Translation of this mutated RNA will then cause mutations in the sequence of amino acid residues of the protein, result in impaired of protein function. Viral proteins that have lost their function are unable to replicate or generate infectious viral particles, and the virus is no longer infectious. As a result, lethal mutagenesis ends viral infection in a different way than chain termination. Favipiravir’s clinical trial against Ebola virus-infected patients has not yet been formally approved, and further research is required. Favipiravir, on the other hand, poses a risk of embryo toxicity and teratogenicity. As a result, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Welfare and Labor have been approved this medication with recommendations for more clinical use until August 15, 2014, when they approved the use of favipiravir due to the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa. The aim of this review is to investigate the potential impact of favipiravir on infections espectially RNA-virus infections, according to previous published investigations, and thus to encourage rapid approval of this interesting antivirus in emergencies.
Study on microstructure and mechanical properties of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel manufactured by selective laser melting
Authors: Bi Yanchao , Tao Fenghe , Jia Changzhi , Chen Shuai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel samples were manufactured by selective laser melting technique. The effects of laser line energy density on microstructure, microhardness and wear resistance were analyzed. The relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties was studied. The results show that when the laser line energy density is too high, the grain size of the sample is larger, and there is a small amount of granular second phase precipitates in the sample. When the laser line energy density is too low, the grain size of the sample is small, and the grain shape is irregular, and there are obvious pores. When the laser line energy density is 633J•m-1, the microstructures of the samples are uniform in size and regular in shape. The highest microhardness is 682.3HV, and the lowest wear rate is 0.425 × 10-10kg• N-1 •m-1.
Super-Resolution multi-focus image fusion based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Wang Ying , Zeng Shangyou , Wang Xinjiao , Wang Jinjin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Multi-focus image fusion combines the focus parts of multiple images in the same scene to generate a fully focused image. Aiming at the problem of multi-focus image fusion, this paper optimizes the network design based on the existed image fusion network. The optimized network uses two groups of dilated convolutions with different numbers and sizes to extract shallow features, and then integrates the two groups of features through 1 × 1 convolution. Extracting deep information from feature map by dense block and the dense block are composed of four layers of dense connection convolution. In addition, the fused image is processed by sub-pixel convolution to obtain a super-resolution fused image, and a perceptual loss function is introduced to optimize the network. The experimental results show that the optimized network is superior to the existing fusion methods in objective and subjective evaluation. It has a certain application value in the field of image fusion.
Study on laser cutting process of aluminum alloy explosion suppression material
Authors: Zhou Jingzhong , Zhang Zhiwei , Niu Fang , Lv Jianjun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Using laser cutting technology instead of the existing processing process to process aluminum alloy explosion-suppressing material mesh, the effect of laser output power, cutting speed and auxiliary blow pressure on the size of the seam and surface roughness is studied. Inverted optical microscope is used to characterize the shape and physical phase of the cut, and the composition content analysis of residue produced after vibration experiment is carried out using ICP-AES inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer and CS-744 carbon sulfur analyzer. The results show that aluminum alloy explosion suppression material is prepared by laser cutting process, and the test parameters are laser output power 30W, cutting speed 200mm/s, auxiliary blow air pressure 0.7bar, and its cutting size and surface roughness are optimal. Ultrasonic cleaning can effectively remove patches from the surface of the material after cutting to achieve better surface quality requirements. Laser cutting process compared with the traditional mechanical cutting process has obvious advantages, smooth cutting, high processing accuracy, slag rate significantly reduced.
Modelling of Resources and Activity of the Scrap Iron and Steel Reverse Supply Chain Service Based on Ontology
Authors: Xiong Yingqing , Liu Yi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Scrap steel reverse supply chain service system is a typical complex system. The realization of the service activities involves a large number of service resources. And there are multiple relationships between atomic service activities and service resources. To realize the search matching between complex service resources and service activity demand in scrap steel reverse supply chain service, the modelling method of service resource information in scrap steel reverse supply chain based on ontology is proposed. After analysing the classification method of service resource, the ontology information model of service resources and service activities is constructed. Then the search matching between service demander and service resource provider is transformed into the mapping between service resource ontology and service activity ontology to solve. Finally, the ontology model of specific instance is established, and the Semantic Web ontology language OWL is used. The model is proved to be correct and feasible by describing the instance service resource ontology and service activity ontology.
Research on Cleaner Production Process of Nano-cellulose and Its Application in Paper Strengthening
Authors: Ding Qijun , Zhang Ping 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This experiment initially explored the clean production process of nanocellulose fibrils (NFC) using commercial softwood pulp as raw materials, and selected appropriate biological enzyme pretreatment to prepare NFC1 with a higher concentration. Compared with NFC2 obtained by TEMPO oxidation method, it is found that the diameter of NFC1 obtained by enzymatic pretreatment method (10-30nm) is similar to that of NFC2 (20-30nm). But the length of NFC1 (1-4μm) is much longer than the length of NFC2 (400-600nm). In addition, the influence of two kinds of NFC on the physical strength of paper is also explored. Experimental results show that: NFC1 is better than NFC2 in enhancing the physical strength of paper. And when cationic starch and NFC act synergistically, the enhancement effect is obviously better than using NFC alone or cationic starch alone. When the addition amount of NFC1 is (1.5±0.5)%, the tensile index, burst index, and tear index of the resulting paper increase by (43±3)%, (55±1)%, (37±2), respectively %. When the amount of NFC2 added is (1.5±0.5)%, the paper tensile index is (29±2)%. When the amount of NFC2 added is about (3±1)%, the paper’s bursting index and tearing index growth rate are (29±1)% and (33±1)% respectively.