bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of the Prognostic Significance of a Somatic Mutation-derived Alternative Splicing Signature in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Qiuying Ding , Zhengping Hou , zhibo Zhao , Yao Chen , Lei Zhao , Yue Xiang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease with a multitude of somatic mutations defining its genomic instability. Alternative Splicing (AS) events, the new cancer biomarkers, are essential for maintaining genomic instability. However, the role of genomic instability-related AS events in CRC has not been investigated. Methods: From The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program, we obtained the splicing profiles, the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), transcriptomics, and clinical information of CRC. Combining somatic mutation and AS events data, a genomic instability-related AS signature was constructed for CRC. We then used mutations analyses, clinical stratification analyses, and multivariate Cox regression analyses to evaluate this signature. Subsequently, we validated this prognostic signature using a test set and the entire TCGA dataset. We then constructed a nomogram for the prognosis prediction of CRC patients. Differentially infiltrating immune cells were screened by using CIBERSORT. The AS events-related splicing factors were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation. Results: A prognostic consisting of seven AS events (PDHA1-88633-ES, KIAA1522-1632-AP, TATDN1-85088-ES, PRMT1-51042-ES, VEZT-23786-ES, AIG1-77972-AT, and PHF11-25891-AP) was constructed. Patients in high-risk score group showed the higher somatic mutation and UBQLN4. Genomic instability risk score was an independent variable associated with overall survival, with a hazard ratio of a risk score of 1.537. The area under the curve of receiver operator characteristic curve of genomic instability risk score in predicting the overall survival of CRC patients was 0.733. Furthermore, a nomogram was established and could be used clinically to stratify patients to predict prognosis. Patients defined to be high-risk group by this signature showed a lower proportion of eosinophils compared with the low-risk group. Additionally, HSPA1A and FAM50B were two splicing factors associated with survival. Conclusions: We constructed an ideal prognostic signature reflecting the genomic instability and predicting the overall survival of CRC patients. Two splicing factors (HSPA1A and FAM50B) and seven AS gene events (PDHA1-88633-ES, KIAA1522-1632-AP, TATDN1-85088-ES, PRMT1-51042-ES, VEZT-23786-ES, AIG1-77972-AT, and PHF11-25891-AP) may be potential targets for CRC therapy.
Evaluation of Vertical Bone Augmentation Using a Titanium Ring Retained in Simultaneous Implants With Early Exposure: A Pilot Study in Dogs
Authors: Liu Qi-Qi , Yang Jian , Lai Lin-Jia , Peng Pei-Zhao , Zeng Mao-Yun , Yu Ke 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
To evaluate the performance of titanium rings retained in implants placed simultaneously for vertical bone augmentation with early exposure. Twenty-four bone level tapered dental implants were inserted in the premolar areas of the mandible with standardized, 3.5 mm deep, vertical bone defects in four beagle dogs, and titanium rings containing a mixture of autogenous bone chips and Bio-oss were retained in the implants for vertical bone augmentation. Three weeks after the operation, all titanium rings were exposed, one titanium ring from each mandible of each dog was removed, and the other titanium ring was left in place with daily flushing. After 2 months, the dogs were sacrificed, the height of vertical bone augmentation was measured, and bone samples containing the implants were harvested and analyzed. The median (minimum-maximum) bone augmentation height (BAH) was 2.46 (2.18-2.62) mm on the buccal side and 2.80 (2.66-3.02) mm on the lingual side in the removal group; however, the BAH was 0.64 (0.32-0.92) mm and 0.70 (0.22-1.22) mm in the holding group. The bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) of the increased bone was 80.07% (72.64%-87.89%) with micro-CT analysis in the removal group, ideal bone osseointegration formed, and new bone was observed in the hard tissue sections. Within its limitations, the use of titanium rings retained in implants was found to be a reliable alternative method for vertical bone augmentation, and removing titanium rings is better for bone augmentation when early exposure occurs.
Highly precise breakpoint detection of chromosome balanced translocation in a Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia patient
Authors: Yang Chuanchun , Cui Xiaoli , Xu Lei , Zhang Qian , Tang Shanmei , Zhang Mengmeng , Xie Ni 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) has a special phenomenon of chromosome translocation, which is called Philadelphia chromosome translocation. However, the detailed connection of this structure is troublesome and expensive to be identified. Low-coverage whole genome sequencing (LCWGS) could not only detect the chromosomal translocation which does not be known in advance, but also provide the breakpoint candidate small region (with an accuracy of ±200 bases). Importantly, the sequencing cost of LCWGS is about US$300. Then, with the Sanger DNA sequencing, the precise breakpoint can be determined at a single base level. In our project, with LCWGS, BCR and ABL1 are successfully identified and were disrupted at chr22:23,632,356 and chr9:133,590,450, respectively. Due to the reconnection after chromosome breakage, classical fusion gene (BCR-ABL1) was found in bone marrow and peripheral blood. The precise breakpoints were helpful to study the pathogenic mechanism of CML and could better guide the classification of CML subtypes. This LCWGS method is universal and can be used to detect all diseases related to chromosome variation, such as solid tumors, liquid tumors and birth defects.
Marker Assisted Pyramiding of QTLs for Heat Tolerance and Escape Upgrades Heat Resilience in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)
Authors: Ye Changrong , Ishimaru Tsutomu , Lambio Leslie , Li Le , Long Yu , He Zhizhou , Htun Than Myint , Tang Shunxue , Su Zhenxi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
High temperature at flowering stage of rice causes low spikelet fertility and low yield. To cope with high temperature stress brought by climate change, two strategies were proposed to develop heat-resilient rice varieties. One is to escape the high temperature by flowering early in the morning, another is to enhance tolerance to high temperature stress per se. Two promising QTLs for early morning flowering (qEMF3) and heat tolerance (qHTSF4.1) were introgressed into IR64 background, and near isogenic lines (NILs) IR64+qEMF3 (IR64EMF3) and IR64+qHTSF4.1 (IR64HT4) were developed in previous studies. In this study, a QTL pyramiding line IR64+qHTSF4.1+qEMF3 (IR64HT4EMF3) was developed by marker assisted selection of the progenies of previous NILs. The NILs were subjected to different high temperature regimes in the indoor growth chambers and different locations in the field. In the indoor growth chambers, when high temperature starts early (before 11:00 am), IR64HT4 and IR64HT4EMF3 had higher spikelet fertility than IR64EMF3; when high temperature comes later (after 11:00 am), IR64EMF3 and IR64HT4EMF3 had higher spikelet fertility than IR64HT4. The flowering pattern of the IR64HT4EMF3 was earlier than IR64HT4, but similar to IR64EMF3 in the glasshouse, field and indoor growth chambers. IR64HT4EMF3 showed higher spikelet fertility than IR64EMF3 and IR64HT4 in the field in the Philippines. Thus, combination of early morning flowering and heat tolerance QTLs is an elegant breeding strategy to cope with future extreme climate.
Association between Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation after Ablation： A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
Authors: Yang Min , Bao Wenrui , Xu Zhihan , Qin Le , Zhang Ning , Yan Fuhua , Yang Wenjie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To assess the association between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) index derived from cardiac computed tomography and atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after ablation by comparing with a propensity score matched non-recurrence AF patients.Methods: A total of 506 patients with AF recurrence and 174 patients without AF recurrence were enrolled in this retrospective study. Density and volume of total EAT surrounding the heart (Total-EAT) and EAT surrounding the left atrium（LA-EAT）were measured, propensity score matching(PSM) analyses were used to compare the outcomes of the two groups while controlling for confounders. Results: Total-EAT density (HU) value（-81.27±4.67 vs -84.05±3.84, P=0.000) and LA-EAT density (HU) value（-72.47±23.87 vs -78.83±3.81, P=0.001）were significantly higher in the patients with AF recurrence than in those without recurrence. LA-EAT density (HU) value was significantly higher than Total-EAT（-75.65±17.36 vs -82.66±4.49, P=0.000). In a multiple logistic regression analysis, a higher Total-EAT density (odds ratio: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.00 –1.19, p = 0.047) and LA-EAT density (odds ratio: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.03–1.23, p = 0.012) was significantly associated with the AF recurrence after adjusting for other risk factors. Conclusion: The LA-EAT density plays an important role in the AF recurrence after ablation. Assessment of LA-EAT density can improve ablation outcomes by refining patient selection.
Electron Beam Welding of Rolled and Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 718
Authors: Sali Akash , Patel Vivek , Hyder James , Hyder David , Corliss Mike , Hung Wayne 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper explores the feasibility of welding Inconel 718 (IN718) and compares the quality of electron beam welded samples produced by rolling and laser-based powder bed fused (L-PBF). Electron beam heat input, varying in the range 175-300 J/mm, was the main parameter in welding. Microhardness, tensile properties, and fractography study using both optical and scanning electron microscopy were employed to analyze and compare the quality of the welded samples. Energy dispersive x-ray analysis was used to identify chemical compositions of different phases on the fractured surfaces. Large voids were observed at high heat inputs (≥ 213 J/mm). Excellent weld penetration was obtained and was proportional to the beam heat input. Both yield and tensile strength of the welded L-PBF’ed materials exceeded those of rolled materials and met the minimum requirement from ASTM specification; however, the ductility of welded L-PBF’ed material did not. The brittleness of these L-PBF’ed materials came from the brittle Laves phase and Al-Ti-O compounds in the microstructure and non-optimal L-PBF parameters. These drawbacks can be further reduced by adjusting the L-PBF parameters and suitable post-processing techniques before electron beam welding.
RS-FISH: Precise, interactive, fast, and scalable FISH spot detection
Authors: Preibisch Stephan , Bahry Ella , Breimann Laura , Zouinkhi Marwan , Epstein Leo , Kolyvanov Klim , Long Xi , Harrington Kyle , Lionnet Timothée 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH)-based methods are powerful tools to study molecular processes with subcellular resolution, relying on accurate identification and localization of diffraction-limited spots in microscopy images. We developed the Radial Symmetry-FISH (RS-FISH) software that accurately, robustly, and quickly detects single-molecule spots in two and three dimensions, making it applicable to several key assays, including single-molecule FISH (smFISH), spatial transcriptomics, and spatial genomics. RS-FISH allows interactive parameter tuning and scales to large sets of images as well as tera-byte sized image volumes such as entire brain scans using straight-forward distributed processing on workstations, clusters, and in the cloud.
Insights into the ecotoxicological perturbations induced by the biocide abamectin in the white snail, Theba pisana
Authors: Radwan Mohamed , Gad Amira 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Abamectin (avermectin B1, ABM) has been widely used as a biocide in agriculture, veterinary and medicine worldwide. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the acute toxicity and sub-lethal biochemical responses of ABM on the non-target land snail, Theba pisana. Mortality of snails increased with the dose increase, resulting 48h- LD50 value of 1.048 µg/snail. Sub-lethal effects were studied on the survivors of 20% and 60% LD50 ABM doses and the biochemical parameters were assessed for up to 7 days of exposure. The results showed a decrease in glycogen content and lipids for two sub-lethal doses after all time intervals, whereas increased the level of total proteins after exposure to 60% LD50 ABM. Overall, the tested sub-lethal doses significantly decreased the total energy reserves. ABM-exposure to snails elevated γ-Glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities at all-time intervals. A significant increase of Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity was also recorded in snails exposed to 20% and 60% LD50 after 7 days and all time intervals, respectively. However, ABM inhibited the activity of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) after 7 days of exposure. Our investigation provides new insights into the disturbances of energy reserves and enzyme activities in T. pisana snails that can be used as useful sentinel organism. Indeed, these tested biochemical parameters of the snails are sensitive and may be used as biomarkers for assessing ABM toxicity.
Two- and Three-dimensional Speckle-tracking Global Longitudinal Strain Are Strongly Correlated, in General but Not Per Segment, According to the 17-segment American Heart Association Model
Authors: Plášek Jiří , Rychlý Tomáš , Drieniková Diana , Cisovský Ondřej , Grézl Tomáš , Homza Miroslav , Václavík Jan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
PurposeTwo-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) enable objective assessment of myocardial function. Here we examined the agreement between 2D and 3D STE measurement of global longitudinal strain (GLS) in patients with normal left ventricle, reduced ejection fraction, and cardiac pacing. MethodsOur analysis included 90 consecutive patients (59% males; average age: 73.2 ± 11.2 years) examined between May 2019–December 2020, with valid 2D and 3D loops for further speckle-tracking strain analysis. Linear regression and Pearson correlation were used to quantify the association between 2D and 3D GLS, and related segments using the 17-segment American Heart Association (AHA) model. Analyses were performed in the entire study group and subgroups. ResultsWe observed a strong correlation between 2D and 3D GLS measurements (R = 0.76, P < 0.001), which was higher in males (R = 0.78, P < 0.001) than females (R = 0.69, P < 0.001). Associated segment correlation was poor (R = 0.2–0.5, P < 0.01). The correlation between 2D and 3D GLS was weaker in individuals with ventricular pacing of >50% (R = 0.62, P < 0.001) than <50% (R = 0.8, P < 0.001), and in patients with LVEF of <35% (R = 0.69, P = 0.002) than >35% (R = 0.72, P <0.001). Conclusionverall 2D and 3D GLS were closely associated, but not when analyzed per segment. Right ventricular pacing and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction were associated with reduced correlation between 2D and 3D GLS.
Rapid, dose-dependent and efficient inactivation of surface dried SARS-CoV-2 by 254 nm UV-C irradiation
Authors: Ruetalo Natalia , Businger Ramona , Schindler Michael 
Published: October 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic urges for cheap, reliable, and rapid technologies for disinfection and decontamination. One frequently proposed method is ultraviolet (UV)-C irradiation. UV-C doses necessary to achieve inactivation of high-titre SARS-CoV-2 are poorly defined.
Aim: We investigated whether short exposure of SARS-CoV-2 to UV-C irradiation sufficiently reduces viral infectivity and doses necessary to achieve an at least 6-log reduction in viral titres.
Methods: Using a box and two handheld systems designed to decontaminate objects and surfaces, we evaluated the efficacy of 254 nm UV-C treatment to inactivate surface dried high-titre SARS-CoV-2.
Results: Drying for 2 hours did not have a major impact on the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2, indicating that exhaled virus in droplets or aerosols stays infectious on surfaces for at least a certain amount of time. Short exposure of high titre surface dried virus (3–5*10^6 IU/ml) with UV-C light (16 mJ/cm2) resulted in a total inactivation of SARS-CoV-2. Dose-dependency experiments revealed that 3.5 mJ/cm2 were still effective to achieve a > 6-log reduction in viral titres, whereas 1.75 mJ/cm2 lowered infectivity only by one order of magnitude.
Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 is rapidly inactivated by relatively low doses of UV-C irradiation and the relationship between UV-C dose and log-viral titre reduction of surface residing SARS-CoV-2 is nonlinear. Our findings emphasize that it is necessary to assure sufficient and complete exposure of all relevant areas by integrated UV-C doses of at least 3.5 mJ/cm2 at 254 nm. Altogether, UV-C treatment is an effective non-chemical option to decontaminate surfaces from high-titre infectious SARS-CoV-2.
THE MOZAIC EFFECT ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF FINE MOTOR SKILLS OF 3-4 YEARS OLD CHILDREN IN INTEGRATED HEALTH CARE CENTER, THE WORKING AREA OF PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER WAENA JAYAPURA CITY.
Authors: Romauli Suryati 
Published: October 2021

The Child development speed is unique; it varies due to the child’s nature and its stimulants. Lack of stimulants will affect late fine motoric development of children. Data from the Waena Health Center inform, 190 toddlers have impaired fine motor development.
This research objective was to determine the effect of mosaic techniques on the enhancement of fine motor skills in children aged 3-4 years in Integrated Health Care Waena area, Jayapura City. A quantitative descriptive research was done with Two Group Pretest-Postest Group Design.
The results before the mosaic technique showed in intervention group, had dubious fine motor skills (55.6%) and 16.6% deviant. Whereas in the control group had dubious fine motor skills (83.3%) and 5.6% deviant. After using mosaic technique the intervention group had fine motor skills (77.8%) and small part doubted (22.2%).
The average score after improving fine motor skills in the intervention group was 8, while the control group was 7.1 with independent t-test statistical test at a significance value of 95% ( = 0.05) obtained p-value 0.042 or p <α (0.05), thus there is an effect of mosaic techniques on improving fine motor skills of children at the Integrated Health Care Waena area, Jayapura City.
Keyword: Mozaik Technique, Fine motor skill, children age 3-4 tahun
Image Steganography Based on Wavelet Transform and Histogram Modification
Authors: Jamel Enas Muzaffer 
Published: October 2021

Recently, digital communication has become a critical necessity and so the Internet has become the most used medium and most efficient for digital communication. At the same time, data transmitted through the Internet are becoming more vulnerable. Therefore, the issue of maintaining secrecy of data is very important, especially if the data is personal or confidential. Steganography has provided a reliable method for solving such problems. Steganography is an effective technique in secret communication in digital worlds where data sharing and transfer is increasing through the Internet, emails and other ways. The main challenges of steganography methods are the undetectability and the imperceptibility of confidential data. This paper presents a steganography method in frequency domain. Haar Wavelet Transform is applied for decomposition of gray level cover image into four sub-bands. The secret image is hidden in the high frequency HH sub-band after applying the histogram modification followed by scrambling process. A Histogram modification is adopted, to scale the secret image to normalize its values, that manipulates the secret image from bright image to dark. Thus the secret image becomes invisible so it can be hidden in the high frequency sub-band. Scrambling the positions can be for rows then columns, which will give strong security of the hiding process. The experimental results demonstrate the proposed method has achieved superior performance in terms of quantifiable measurement (PSNR and correlation) and in terms of visual quality. The proposed method propositions good imperceptible results and good response for against the various image attacks.
Study of Nuclear Properties of High Purity Germanium
Authors: Abbood Noor Mohammed , Ebrahiem Sameera Ahmed 
Published: October 2021

In the current study, the observations depended on some nuclear properties of Germanium isotopes that are used for multiple purposes by studying transverse sections when interacting with charged particles such as alpha and proton particles and their interaction with gamma rays of conjugal isotopes relative to the stability of the nucleus with other nuclei. By calculating the cross sections of the (α, ) , (γ,x)0-NN-1, (γ,2n) , (α,p) reactions of isotope. Nuclear reactions in the newer global libraries (EXFOR, ENDF, JEF, JEFF, GENDL) have been published to identify appropriate energies in calculating the inverse nuclear reactions of the ground State.
Evaluation of the drought resistance of pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> L.) from the VIR collection
Authors: Semenova E. V. , Kosareva I. A. 
Published: October 2021

Background. As a result of global warming, climate change is now taking place, increasing the frequency and duration of droughts. Therefore, the development of new varieties with an increased drought resistance and adaptation to certain environmental conditions is of primary importance. The aim of this work was to modify the express method of drought resistance evaluation in peas at an early stage of plant growth and development, and to apply this method to test 50 accessions from the VIR global collection.Materials and methods. Drought resistance studies involved garden pea accessions of different eco-geographic origin, which had been previously characterized in field tests in conditions of the Krasnodar Territory in 2017-2019. The roll-ups protocol was used for evaluating early drought resistance in the accessions. The stress intensity was modified by varying the concentration of sucrose in the solution used for growing of pea seedlings. To select an appropriate concentration, an osmotic pressure of 0.5 and 0.7 MPa was applied. As a result, the osmotic pressure of 0.5 MPa was chosen. The diagnostic criterion of the method is the radicle length index (RLI), that is, the ratio of the average radicle length of seedlings against a provocative background to the control values.Results. The osmotically active solution led to significant reduction in the radicle length of pea seedlings. The studied accessions exhibited considerable genetic variability for early drought tolerance, the RLI value varied from 0.28 to 0.88. Sources of high drought resistance during the period of seedling growth have been identified. The correlation analysis showed the absence of a reliable relationship between the RLI and the crop structure indicators (correlation coefficients from r = +0.17 to r = -0.24).Conclusion. By using the method of determining the relative drought tolerance at early stages of pea accessions development, one highly resistant (k-9333 from Morocco) and 10 resistant accessions (k-1495, k-9372, k-9401, k-9418, k-9733, k-9909, k-9934, k-9938, k-10072, and k-10116.) have been identified.