bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical reconstructive treatment for infraosseous peri‐implantitis defects with a submerged healing approach: A prospective controlled study
Authors: Wen Shih‐Cheng , Barootchi Shayan , Huang Wen‐Xia , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the reconstructive potential of a submerged healing approach for the treatment of infraosseous peri‐implantitis defects.MethodsPatients with a diagnosis of peri‐implantitis were recruited. Implant suprastructures were removed before the surgical treatment, which included implant surface and defect detoxification using implantoplasty, air‐power driven devices, and locally delivered antibiotics. The augmentation procedure included a composite bone graft and a non‐resorbable membrane followed by primary wound coverage and a submerged healing of 8 months, at which point membranes were removed, and peri‐implant defect measurements were obtained as the primary outcome. Secondary endpoints included assessment of cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) and probing depth (PD) reductions.ResultsThirty implants in 22 patients were treated. A significant clinical bone gain of 3.22 ± 0.41 mm was observed at 8 months. Radiographic analysis also showed an average gain of 3.47 ± 0.41 mm. Three months after installment of new crowns, final PD measures showed a significant reduction compared to initial examinations and a significant reduction in bleeding on probing compared to examinations at the pre‐surgical visit.ConclusionsReconstruction of infraosseous peri‐implantitis defects is feasible with thorough detoxification of implant sites, and a submerged regenerative healing approach.
How do water table drawdown, duration of drainage, and warming influence greenhouse gas emissions from drained peatlands of the Zoige Plateau?
Authors: Xue Dan , Chen Huai , Zhan Wei , Huang Xinya , He Yixin , Zhao Chuan , Zhu Dan , Liu Jianliang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAlpine peatlands on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau are an important soil carbon pool and are extremely sensitive to global change. Duration of drainage and water table drawdown accelerate peatland degradation because the soil changes from an anaerobic to aerobic environment, and climate warming exacerbates this shift. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of drainage on microbial characteristics and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as identify the factors mediating those effects. This study also analyzed whether warming increases the variability of GHG emissions. Watertable drawdown exerted greater influence on microbial communities than duration of drainage did. Watertable drawdown significantly increased the relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Basidiomycota, and changes in soil microbiota correlated with differences in GHG emissions across three water‐table treatments. Longer drainage was associated with lower GHG emission; watertable drawdown decreased emissions of CO2 and CH4, but increased emission of N2O. In addition, high temperature increased CO2 emission by 75% and N2O emission by 42%, without significantly affecting CH4 emission. Structural equation modelling showed that microbes, especially prokaryotes (r = 0.79, p < 0.05 for all), were the primary factor affecting GHG emissions from drained peatlands. Overall, this study indicates that the watertable exerts a greater effect on GHG emissions than duration of drainage, and that warming increases variability of GHG emissions.
Smart Microgels from Unconventional Acrylamides
Authors: Hannappel Yvonne , Wiehemeier Lars , Dirksen Maxim , Kottke Tilman , Hellweg Thomas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the present study, smart responsive microgels are synthesized from a series of alternative monomers, which are less common in micro‐ and nanogel research. Their swelling behavior is studied by means of photon correlation spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition, these monomers are used to make copolymer microgels. In line with previous results for such copolymer particles the present work observes linear changes of the volume phase transition temperatures of the microgels as a function of the microgel composition. The presented systems allow to realize a broad range of transition temperatures, which is potentially interesting for applications in sensing, actuation, and drug delivery.
Two‐Distinct Polymer Ubiquitin Conjugates by Photochemical Grafting‐From
Authors: Burridge Kevin M. , Parnell Ryan F. , Kearns Madison M. , Page Richard C. , Konkolewicz Dominik 
Published: May 2021

AbstractProtein‐polymer bioconjugates present a way to make enzymes more efficient and robust for industrial and medicinal applications. While much work has focused on mono‐functional conjugates, that is, conjugates with one type of polymer attached such as poly(ethylene glycol) or poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide), there is a practical interest in gaining additional functionality by synthesizing well‐defined bifunctional conjugates in a hetero‐arm star copolymer architecture with protein as the core. Using ubiquitin as a model protein, a synthetic scheme is developed to attach two different polymers (oligo(ethylene oxide) methacrylate and N,N‐dimethylacrylamide) directly to the protein surface, using orthogonal conjugation chemistries and grafting‐from by photochemical living radical polymerization techniques. The additional complexity arising from attempts to selectively modify multiple sites led to decreased polymerization performance and indicates that initiators for continuous activator regeneration atom transfer radical polymerization and reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization are not well‐suited to bifunctional bioconjugates applications under the studied conditions. Nonetheless, the polymerization conditions preserve the native fold of the ubiquitin and enable production of a hetero‐arm star protein‐polymer bioconjugate.
Meeting numbers and pseudopowers
Authors: Matet Pierre 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe study the role of meeting numbers in pcf theory. In particular, Shelah's Strong Hypothesis is shown to be equivalent to the assertion that for any singular cardinal σ of cofinality ω, there is a size collectionQof countable subsets of σ with the property that for any infinite subsetaof σ, there is a member ofQmeetingain an infinite set.
A Biomarker for Benign Adult Familial Myoclonus Epilepsy: High‐Frequency Activities in Giant Somatosensory Evoked Potentials
Authors: Tojima Maya , Hitomi Takefumi , Matsuhashi Masao , Neshige Shuichiro , Usami Kiyohide , Oi Kazuki , Kobayashi Katsuya , Takeyama Hirofumi , Shimotake Akihiro , Takahashi Ryosuke , Ikeda Akio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundBenign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy (BAFME) is one of the diseases that cause cortical myoclonus (CM) with giant somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs). There are no useful diagnostic biomarkers differentiating BAFME from other CM diseases.ObjectiveTo establish reliable biomarkers including high‐frequency oscillations (HFOs) with giant SEPs for the diagnosis of BAFME.MethodsThis retrospective case study included 49 consecutive CM patients (16 BAFME and 33 other CM patients) who exhibited giant P25 or N35 SEPs. SEPs were processed by a band‐pass filter of 400–1000 Hz to analyze HFOs. Clinical and SEP findings were compared between (1) BAFME and other CM groups and (2) patients with presence and absence of P25‐HFOs (HFOs superimposed on giant P25). The diagnostic power of each factor for BAFME was calculated.ResultsAll 16 BAFME patients showed SEP P25‐HFOs with significantly higher occurrence (P < 0.0001) compared with that of other CM groups. The presence of P25‐HFOs significantly correlated with a BAFME diagnosis (P < 0.0001) and high SEP P25 and N35 amplitudes (P = 0.01 and P < 0.0001, respectively). BAFME was reliably diagnosed using P25‐HFOs with high sensitivity (100%), specificity (87.9%), positive predictive value (80%), and negative predictive value (100%), demonstrating its superiority as a diagnostic factor compared to other factors.ConclusionsP25‐HFOs with giant SEPs is a potential biomarker for BAFME diagnosis. P25‐HFOs may reflect cortical hyperexcitability partly due to paroxysmal depolarizing shifts in epileptic neuronal activities and higher degrees of rhythmic tremulousness than those in ordinary CM. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Flipping the adult natural resources classroom to build community and learn in nature
Authors: Janke Adam 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAdult‐focused natural resources education is critical amid widespread challenges related to water quality, biodiversity declines, and climate change. Extension educators are poised to make impactful advances in natural resource education among adult learners when equipped with educational tools that improve knowledge and build connections among peers. The Mater Conservationist Program in Iowa sought to address this educational need through a flipped‐classroom learning model evaluated in this report. Participants (n = 174) enrolled in 11 offerings of the program completed a multi‐week educational curriculum that combined online instruction by university educators with in‐person instruction led by local natural resources professionals and extension educators in a flipped classroom model. The approach ensured a standardized educational experience across the state but allowed for tailored, locally‐focused education through in‐person instruction on topics most important or relevant to local natural resource issues. Participants completing a post‐course evaluation indicated widespread satisfaction (91% extremely or somewhat satisfied) in all three program elements – online instruction, in‐person instruction, and networking opportunities. Participant self‐assessed knowledge increased in each module topic between 2.8 and 3.8 points on a 10‐point scale (P < .001). Participants declared an intent to apply lessons from the class on over 30,000 acres of land they owned or had influence over across a diversity of land use contexts found in the state. The flipped classroom model facilitated deep learning but also important experiences in nature and networking among peer learners and professionals that should translate to improved community engagement in critical areas of natural resources stewardship.
Comparison of Genomic Characterization in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma and Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder
Authors: Yang Kaiwei , Yu Wei , Liu Huanhuan , Ding Feng , Zhang Yanrui , Zhang Yun , Wang Wang , Lou Feng , Cao Shanbo , Wang Huina , He Zhisong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Different genomic characterization in urothelial carcinoma (UC) by site of origin may imply contrasting therapeutic opportunities and pathogenetic mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate whether differences between upper tract UC (UTUC) and UC of the bladder (UCB) result from intrinsic biological diversity.

Materials and Methods
We prospectively sequenced 118 tumors and matched blood DNA from Chinese patients with UC using next-generation sequencing techniques, including 45 UTUC and 73 UCB. Two hundred twenty-six patients with UTUC and 350 patients with UCB for The Cancer Genome Atlas were acquired from the cbioportal.

Results
There were marked disparities in the mutational landscape for UC according to race and site of origin. Signature 22 for exposure to aristolochic acid was only observed in the UTUC cohort. Conversely, signature 6 for defective DNA mismatch repair only existed in the UCB cohort. Compared with UCB, UTUC had higher clonal and subclonal mutation numbers. TP53, PIK3CA, and FGFR3 mutations may be the driver genes for UTUC, whereas for UCB, the driver gene may be BRCA1. Patients with UTUC had lower PD-L1 than those with UCB. There was no significant difference in the number of DDR mutations, copy number variation counts, and tumor mutational burden between UTUC and UCB.

Conclusion
UTUC and UCB exhibit significant differences in the prevalence of genomic landscape and carcinogenesis. Consequently, molecular subtypes differ according to location, and these results may imply the site-specific management of patients with urothelial carcinoma. Mutational signature may be used as a screening tool to assist clinical differential diagnosis between UTUC and UCB.

Implications for Practice
This study's findings lay the foundation for a deeper understanding of distinct molecular mechanisms and similar treatment opportunities between upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) and had important implications for the site-specific management of patients with urothelial carcinoma. A comprehensive understanding of the biology of UTUC and UCB is needed to identify new drug targets in order to improve clinical outcomes.
A case of lichenoid oral mucositis associated with nivolumab therapy
Authors: Ito Nanako , Tani Ryouji , Obayashi Fumitaka , Okamoto Kosei , Toratani Shigeaki , Okamoto Tetsuji 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAn 80‐year‐old man diagnosed with recurrent lung squamous cell carcinoma had complaints of an erosion formation in the lower lip 4 weeks upon nivolumab administration which resulted in the discontinuation of nivolumab. At the first visit, oral candidiasis due to inappropriate handling of the patient's denture was observed. We administered antifungal medicine and treated the patient with a new dental prosthesis. As a result of a biopsy, a pathological diagnosis of oral mucositis similar to lichen planus was obtained. We successfully treated the patient with a beclomethasone spray. The mucosal erosion re‐epithelialized, and pain in the oral cavity completely disappeared.
A Retrospective Analysis Comparing Post‐Operative Bleeding with Various Doses of Aspirin after Lower Extremity Joint Arthroplasty or Revision
Authors: Watts Paula J. , Kopstein Michael , Harkness Weston , Cornett Brendon , Dziadkowiec Oliwier , Jenkins Patrick , Hicks Mary E. , Hassan Shakib , Scherbak Dmitriy 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStudy ObjectivePrevious studies have shown that aspirin is noninferior to other anticoagulation therapies in preventing postoperative venous thromboembolism following lower extremity arthroplasty or revision; however, its optimal dosing for this indication is less clear. This study aims to compare the odds of bleeding between different aspirin dosages following lower extremity joint arthroplasty or revision.DesignThis is a 3‐year retrospective multi‐center cohort study across the United States and its territories.SettingThis study included patients admitted for total hip or knee arthroplasty or revision and were treated with prophylactic aspirin.Patients, Intervention, MeasurementsPatients were assigned to groups based on a total daily aspirin dose of 81, 162, 325, or 650 mg. Data were analyzed for postsurgical bleeding and thromboembolism events occurring during the initial admission and up to 40 days following surgery. Other exploratory variables included type of surgery, hip or knee arthroplasty, length of stay, and patient demographic data.Main ResultsAmong 53,848 patients receiving aspirin, 3922 received a total daily dose of 81 mg, 19,341 received a total daily dose of 162 mg, 5256 received a total daily dose of 325 mg, and 25,329 received a total daily dose of 650 mg. Bleeding occurred in 466 (0.87%) patients and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in 209 patients (0.39%). The odds of bleeding were compared using logistic regression, with the 650‐mg dose as the reference group. None were statistically significant for bleeding between all studied aspirin doses: 81 mg (OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.83–1.51, p = 0.451), 162 mg (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.67–1.03, p = 0.097), and 325 mg (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.59–1.13, p = 0.245). The odds of VTE were also not statistically significant: 81 mg (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.40–1.17, p = 0.181), 162 mg (OR 0.75 95% CI 0.54–1.03, p = 0.072), and 325 mg (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.64–1.53, p = 0.989).ConclusionsThere were no significant differences in the odds of bleeding or venous thromboembolism among all studied aspirin dosages in patients receiving aspirin for thromboprophylaxis following lower extremity joint arthroplasty or revision.
A retrospective analysis of bleeding risk with rivaroxaban, enoxaparin, and aspirin following total joint arthroplasty or revision
Authors: Watts Paula J. , Kopstein Michael , Harkness Weston , Cornett Brendon , Dziadkowiec Oliwier , Hicks M. Elizabeth , Hassan Shakib , Scherbak Dmitriy 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStudy ObjectiveRivaroxaban, enoxaparin, and aspirin are commonly used medications for thromboprophylaxis following lower extremity joint arthroplasty or revision. Previous research has demonstrated efficacy in preventing venous thromboembolism with each medication, however, the comparative risk of bleeding between them remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to compare the odds of bleeding between rivaroxaban, enoxaparin, and aspirin following lower extremity joint arthroplasty or revision.DesignThis is a 3‐year retrospective cohort study.SettingData were obtained from 148 facilities across 55 states and territories of the United States.PatientsThis study included 85,938 patients who underwent hip or knee arthroplasty or revision.InterventionPatients received enoxaparin, rivaroxaban, or aspirin as monotherapy for thromboprophylaxis.MeasurementsThe primary outcome was all bleeding, classified as major or minor bleeding, occurring in the 40 days following surgery. The secondary outcome was venous thromboembolism.Main ResultsAmong 85,938 patients, 10,465 received rivaroxaban, 14,047 received enoxaparin, and 61,426 received aspirin. Bleeding occurred in 126 (1.20%) patients with rivaroxaban, 253 (1.80%) with enoxaparin, and 611 (0.99%) with aspirin. There was a significant increase in odds of bleeding in the enoxaparin compared to aspirin group odds ratio (OR) 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.38, p = 0.042), and a trend toward increased odds of bleeding in rivaroxaban compared to aspirin group (OR 1.21, 95% CI 0.99–1.47, p = 0.058) and rivaroxaban compared to enoxaparin (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.82–1.28, p = 0.827). Odds of venous thromboembolism were not statistically significant between all three study medications.ConclusionsAmong rivaroxaban, enoxaparin, and aspirin used for thromboprophylaxis in knee and hip arthroplasty or revision, aspirin had significantly decreased odds of bleeding complications compared to enoxaparin. Although not statistically significant, aspirin also had a trend toward decreased odds of bleeding complications compared to rivaroxaban.Our study results suggest that aspirin is a safer alternative for use in postoperative thromboprophylaxis following lower extremity joint arthroplasty or revision.
Optimization of temporal UAS‐based imagery analysis to estimate plant maturity date for soybean breeding
Authors: Volpato Leonardo , Dobbels Austin , Borem Aluízio , Lorenz Aaron Joel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEstimating the date of maturity of soybean breeding field plots is necessary for breeding line characterization and for informing yield comparisons among varieties. The main drawback of visually dating soybean maturity is the sheer scale of note recording entailed and the frequency at which these notes need to be taken. The overall aim of this study was to build upon prior work in using low‐cost UAS‐based RGB cameras to estimate soybean maturity date by examining the effect of vegetation index, summary statistic of the pixel values from each region of interest (plot), statistical model, and flight frequency. Maturity dates collected from five environments with 53 experimental trials (4,415 plots) were both visually dated and imaged using a RGB camera carried by a UAS. Using the mean greenness leaf index on each plot combined with LOESS regression, we achieved high correlations between ground and UAS‐based estimates (r = 0.84–0.97). Precision, quantified by broad‐sense heritability estimates, was greater for UAS‐based dates in 29 of 53 field trials, and nearly equivalent in 11 more field trials. We found that 54% of the significant deviations between ground and UAS‐based estimates were caused by inaccurate UAS‐based estimates, while errors in the ground‐based estimates accounted for 46% of the deviations. Reasons for these inaccurate estimates were attributed to lodging, presence of weeds, low germination, and within‐line genetic heterogeneity in the plots. A detailed description of the analysis pipeline, a user‐friendly R script, and all of the images and ground data have been made publicly available to help other researchers and breeders test and adopt these methods.
The initial impact of COVID‐19 on Australasian Sonographers Part 1: Changes in scan numbers and sonographer work hours
Authors: Childs Jessie , Lamb Kathryn , Osborne Brooke , Maranna Sandhya , Esterman Adrian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionCOVID‐19 has seen a series of lockdowns and suspension on non‐urgent elective surgeries. Subsequently, there was a drop in the number of diagnostic imaging services billed in April, May, 2020. A survey was undertaken from March to June 2020 to determine the initial impact of COVID‐19 on Australasian Sonographers. This article, the first in a 3‐part series presents and discusses the results of this survey pertaining to changes in the number of scans performed, and changes in the working hours of sonographers. The remaining two articles in this series address other initial COVID‐19 impacts on Australasian Sonographers.MethodsAn online survey was conducted containing questions regarding changes to work hours and examination numbers.Results444 participants answered the survey. Seventy eight percent of sonographers reported a decrease in the number of examinations being performed in their department A decrease in work hours was reported by 68% of sonographers with almost a quarter of these reporting that they had lost all their hours. A higher percentage of work hours changes were seenin private practices. Many reductions in work hours were reported to be voluntary.ConclusionScan numbers in ultrasound departments were affected by COVID‐19, as were sonographers' work hours.
Morphological, Structural, and Physicochemical Properties of Starch in Hybrids and Inbred Lines from Sweet–Waxy Maize
Authors: Hu Yifan , Wang Jun , Chi Ming , Yang Siling , Lu Dalei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSweet–waxy maize is a special type of maize with recessive mutations of waxy gene and a gene disturbed sugar‐starch transition, and its starch is composed of nearly pure amylopectin. The starch physicochemical properties of four inbred lines and six hybrids of sweet–waxy maize are studied. The starch granules are irregular and large in hybrids and oval and small in inbred lines. The chain length, molecular weight, and crystallinity are significantly different among the samples. However, no distinct difference is observed between hybrids and inbred lines. The branching degree of hybrids (except THN2000) is significantly higher than that of inbred lines. The pasting, gelatinization, retrogradation temperatures, peak and breakdown viscosities, retrogradation enthalpy, and percentage are lower in inbred lines than in hybrids. By contrast, trough, final, and setback viscosities and gelatinization enthalpy are indistinctly different between the hybrids and inbred lines. Among the six hybrids, HTN2 is suitable to make glutinous food due to its high viscosity, whereas MTN2 may enable the production of food with minimal retrogradation. The high viscosity of JH1501 and the low retrogradation percentage of JSW15525 among the four inbred lines endow different advantages on quality breeding.