bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Improved Boundary Uncertainty-Based Estimation for Classifier Evaluation
Authors: Ha David , Katagiri Shigeru , Watanabe Hideyuki , Ohsaki Miho 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a new boundary uncertainty-based estimation method that has significantly higher accuracy, scalability, and applicability than our previously proposed boundary uncertainty estimation method. In our previous work, we introduced a new classifier evaluation metric that we termed “boundary uncertainty.” The name “boundary uncertainty” comes from evaluating the classifier based solely on measuring the equality between class posterior probabilities along the classifier boundary; satisfaction of such equality can be described as “uncertainty” along the classifier boundary. We also introduced a method to estimate this new evaluation metric. By focusing solely on the classifier boundary to evaluate its uncertainty, boundary uncertainty defines an easier estimation target that can be accurately estimated based directly on a finite training set without using a validation set. Regardless of the dataset, boundary uncertainty is defined between 0 and 1, where 1 indicates whether probability estimation for the Bayes error is achieved. We call our previous boundary uncertainty estimation method “Proposal 1” in order to contrast it with the new method introduced in this paper, which we call “Proposal 2.” Using Proposal 1, we performed successful classifier evaluation on real-world data and supported it with theoretical analysis. However, Proposal 1 suffered from accuracy, scalability, and applicability limitations owing to the difficulty of finding the location of a classifier boundary in a multidimensional sample space. The novelty of Proposal 2 is that it locally reformalizes boundary uncertainty in a single dimension that focuses on the classifier boundary. This convenient reduction with a focus toward the classifier boundary provides the new method’s significant improvements. In classifier evaluation experiments on Support Vector Machines (SVM) and MultiLayer Perceptron (MLP), we demonstrate that Proposal 2 offers a competitive classifier evaluation accuracy compared to a benchmark Cross Validation (CV) method as well as much higher scalability than both CV and Proposal 1.
Water Consumption Variability Based on Cumulative Data From Non-simultaneous and Long-term Measurements
Authors: Wawrzosek Jacek , Ignaciuk Syzmon , Stańczyk Justyna , Kajewska-Szkudlarek Joanna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDevices for water consumption measurement provide data from periodical readings in a non-simultaneous and cumulative manner. This may result in inaccuracies within the process of inference about the short-term habitual patterns of water supply network users. Maintaining systems at the interface between periodic and continuous processes requires the continuous improvement of research methodology. To obtain reliable results regarding the variability of water consumption, the first step should be to estimate it for each observation day by periodic averaging and a possible water balancing approach, but the analysis of the value of estimators obtained in this way usually does not allow for studying autocorrelation. However, other methods indicate the existence of multiplicative parameters characterizing short- and long-term variations in water demand. The purpose of this study is to create a new and deterministic method for tackling the problem associated with a lack of short-term detailed data with fuzzy time series using a multiplicative model for water consumption. Satisfactory results have been obtained, demonstrating that the dispersed data, received in a cumulative manner for random periods of measurement, can be analyzed by the methodology of proposed statistical inference. The observed variability in water consumption may be used in the planning and modernization of water supply systems, development of water demand patterns, hydraulic models, and in the creation of forecasting models of water consumption.
Validation of the Italian HeartQoL: a short health-related quality of life questionnaire for patients with ischemic heart disease
Authors: Fattirolli Francesco , Argirò Alessia , Angelino Maria Elisabetta , Balestroni Gianluigi , Giallauria Francesco , Miani Daniela , Vigorito Carlo , Piccioli Lucrezia , Genta Franco Tarro , Höfer Stefan , Marchionni Niccolò , Oldridge Neil 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe psychometric properties of the core disease-specific 14-item Italian HeartQoL health-related quality of life questionnaire have been evaluated in this study. The Italian version of the HeartQoL, the MacNew questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were completed by 472 patients (angina, N = 183; myocardial infarction, N = 167; or ischemic heart failure, N = 122) who were recruited in five Italian centers (Florence, Veruno, Turin, Udine, and Naples) between 2015 and 2017. Patients with myocardial infarction reported significantly higher HeartQoL scores than patients with angina or ischemic heart failure. Floor and ceiling effects were always minor on the HeartQoL global scale and physical subscale with moderate ceiling effects on the emotional subscale in the total group and in patients with myocardial infarction. The bifactorial structure of the original HeartQoL questionnaire was confirmed with strong physical, emotional, and global scale H coefficients (> 0.50). The HeartQoL scales demonstrated optimal internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.84). Convergent and divergent validity were confirmed. Discriminative validity was not confirmed for age, largely confirmed for sex, and fully confirmed for anxiety, depression, and distress. The Italian HeartQoL questionnaire demonstrated adequate key psychometric attributes of internal consistency reliability and validity in Italian-speaking patients with ischemic heart disease.
The association between length of stay in the emergency department and short-term mortality
Authors: Wessman Torgny , Ärnlöv Johan , Carlsson Axel Carl , Ekelund Ulf , Wändell Per , Melander Olle , Ruge Toralph 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe detrimental effects of increased length of stay at the emergency department (ED-LOS) for patient outcome have been sparsely studied in the Swedish setting. Our aim was to further explore the association between ED-LOS and short-term mortality in patients admitted to the EDs of two large University hospitals in Sweden. All adult patients (> 18 years) visiting the ED at the Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden, from 1/1/2010 to 1/1/2015 (n = 639,385) were retrospectively included. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine association between ED-LOS and 7- and 30-day mortality rates. All patients were triaged according to the RETTS-A into different levels of medical urgency and subsequently separated into five quintiles of ED-LOS. Mortality rate was highest in highest triage priority level (7-day mortality 5.24%, and 30-day mortality 9.44%), and decreased by lower triage priority group. For patients with triage priority levels 2–4, prolonged ED-LOS was associated with increased mortality, especially for lowest priority level, OR for priority level 4 and highest quintile of ED-LOS 30-day mortality 1.49 (CI 95% 1.20–1.85). For patients with highest triage priority level the opposite was at hand, with decreasing mortality risk with increasing quintile of ED-LOS for 7-day mortality, and lower mortality for the two highest quintile of ED-LOS for 30-day mortality. In patients not admitted to in-hospital care higher ED-LOS was associated with higher mortality. Our data suggest that increased ED-LOS could be associated with slightly increased short-term mortality in patients with lower clinical urgency and dismissed from the ED.
A national survey of publicly funded chronic pain management services in Ireland
Authors: Purcell Andrew , Channappa Keshava , Moore David , Harmon Dominic 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Chronic pain management services have historically been under-resourced in Ireland. There is no agreed model of care for chronic pain management services in Ireland. Previous studies have assessed the extent of services in Ireland without examining waiting times for access to services.

Aims
This study aimed to quantify the extent of, geographical distribution of and waiting times for access to publicly funded chronic pain management services in Ireland.

Methods
Using the British Pain Society’s Core Standards for Pain Management Services in the UK (2015) and International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) recommendations, a questionnaire was devised. Publically funded departments in Ireland were contacted and questionnaires completed. Waiting list data was publicly available and obtained from the National Treatment Purchase Fund website.

Results
There was a 100% response rate. Sixteen publicly funded chronic pain management services were identified. There are 27 chronic pain management consultants (16.6 whole time equivalents (WTE)) practicing chronic pain management, amounting to 0.55 specialists (0.34 WTEs)/100,000 of the population. There are 21 WTE for non-consultant hospital doctors (NCHDs), 26.5 WTEs for nursing, 8 WTEs for physiotherapy and 6.2 WTEs for psychology, nationally. A percentage of 93.75% of departments (n = 15) provide interventional therapies, 37.5% (n = 6) provide advanced neuromodulation and 43.75% (n = 7) are managing intrathecal pump therapies. There are five pain management programmes nationally. As of January 2020, ~ 25% patients on waiting lists for outpatient appointments were waiting > 18 months, with ~ 17% patients on waiting lists for interventional treatments waiting > 12 months.

Conclusions
Shortage of multidisciplinary staff is of particular concern for Irish services. Patient access is limited as evidenced by significant waiting lists. In order to improve access to care and bring services in line with international recommendations, increased resources are needed.
Current Interventions for People Living with HIV Who Use Alcohol: Why Gender Matters
Authors: Wechsberg Wendee M. , Browne Felicia A. , Bonner Courtney Peasant , Washio Yukiko , Howard Brittni N. , van der Drift Isa 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Alcohol is the most misused substance in the world. For people living with HIV (PLWH), alcohol misuse may impact ART adherence and viral suppression. This review of the most recently published alcohol intervention studies with PLWH examines how these studies considered gender in the samples, design, and analyses.

Recent Findings
Three searches were conducted initially, and 13 intervention studies fit our criteria with alcohol outcomes. In general, most studies did not consider gender and had used small samples, and few demonstrated significant efficacy/effectiveness outcomes. Five studies considered gender in their samples or analyses and/or were woman-focused with larger samples and demonstrated significant outcomes.

Summary
It is essential for women who misuse alcohol to not only be well represented in alcohol and HIV research but also for studies to consider the barriers to reaching them and their contextual demands and/or co-occurring issues that may affect participation and outcomes in intervention research.
A synopsis of the African genus Whitfieldia (Acanthaceae: Whitfieldieae) and a key to the species
Authors: Grall Aurélie , Darbyshire Iain 
Published: June 2021

SummaryWe present a synopsis and an identification key for the 13 species and one subspecies of the African genusWhitfieldiaHook. (Acanthaceae: Acanthoideae: Whitfieldieae). This work is based on the observation and analysis of morphological data from herbarium specimens and photographs ofWhitfieldiaspecies, and the study of all the relevant literature on the genus.Whitfieldia latiflosC.B.Clarke ex Stapf from Liberia is reinstated as an accepted species and a full description and illustration are provided. A new subspecies,W. colorataC.B.Clarke ex Stapf subsp.tigrinaA.Grall & I.Darbysh., also from Liberia, is described. In addition,W. arnoldianaDe Wild. & T.Durand andW. letestuiBenoist are treated as synonyms ofW. laurentii(Lindau) C.B.Clarke andW. preussii(Lindau) C.B.Clarke respectively for the first time. Eleven names inWhitfieldiaare lectotypified. Reference specimens, relevant literature, habitat notes, distribution maps, taxonomic notes and a preliminary assessment of the conservation status and extinction risk are provided for each taxon. Four species are considered to be threatened of which two (W. latiflosandW. rutilansHeine) are assessed as Endangered (EN) while two others (W. purpurata(Benoist) Heine andW. thollonii(Baill.) Benoist) are placed in the Vulnerable (VU) category. In addition, two taxa are assessed as Near Threatened (NT) and one is currently considered to be Data Deficient (DD).
Intelligent Matching Assembly: System Design Based on Reuse of Ultra-Difference Parts
Authors: Zhang Yongjie , Cao Kang , Cai Zhiqiang , Wang Xinwen , Jin Wei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAs the industrial digitalization has been recently leaping forward, high-efficiency production processes emerge, and assembly integration technologies are being progressively developed. For high-tech industries (e.g., aerospace manufacturing), however, unprecedented challenges are imposed on the conventional assembly manufacturing process technology. To be specific, the shallow digitizing and intelligent technologies fail to satisfy the rising requirements for efficiency, pass rates and cost; in particular, the way to down-regulate the unqualified rate and assembly cost of parts production remains unclear. In the present study, an intelligent matching assembly system was designed for reapplying out-of-tolerance parts. In addition, the concept of the mating base is proposed. Next, the fit relation between parts is quantified by employing the functional expression of dimension data, and such a relation is characterized as a function constraint with a variable of dimension. Moreover, the designed intelligent matching system was introduced into the existing assembly process to reemploy a number of unqualified parts and determine the matching parts most suitable for the original unqualified parts. On that basis, the most suitable parts are enabled to be involved in the assembly activities, as an attempt to satisfy the design requirements. To efficiently find the optimal matching scheme in the database of the unqualified parts and most effectively employ the unqualified parts, a set of optimal matching algorithms are proposed, thereby significantly down-regulating the production cost. Lastly, Monte Carlo method was adopted to simulate the actual production data, and the optimal matching scheme determined by the intelligent matching system was analyzed and assessed, which verified the effectiveness and practicability of the system.
Safety and feasibility of retrograde INOUE-BALLOON for balloon aortic valvuloplasty without rapid ventricular pacing during transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Ninomiya Ryo , Yoshizawa Michiko , Koeda Yorihiko , Ishikawa Yu , Kumagai Akiko , Ishida Masaru , Takahashi Fumiaki , Fusazaki Tetsuya , Tashiro Atsushi , Kin Hajime , Morino Yoshihiro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRapid ventricular pacing (RVP) is commonly employed during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR); however, frequent TAVR is associated with worse prognoses. The retrograde INOUE-BALLOON®(IB) allows balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) without RVP. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of retrograde IB for TAVR preparation. The study population included 178 consecutive patients (mean age, 84 ± 5 years; male, 47%) who underwent retrograde BAV before prosthetic valve replacement via the transfemoral approach. Patients were divided into a retrograde IB group without RVP (n = 74) and a conventional balloon (CB) group with RVP (n = 104). The primary endpoint was prolonged hypotension after BAV (reduced systolic pressure < 80 mmHg for over 1 min or vasopressor drug requirement). The incidence of prolonged hypotension after BAV was significantly lower in the IB group compared with the CB group (4% vs. 16%,p = 0.011). Balloons were able to penetrate and expand the aortic valve in both groups. RVP was used less for total TAVR in the IB group compared with the CB group. The aortic valve area-index after BAV was not significantly different between the two groups (0.72 ± 0.14 cm2/m2vs. 0.71 ± 0.12 cm2/m2;p = 0.856). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that IB use was associated with avoidance of prolonged hypotension (OR, 0.27 [0.059–0.952];p = 0.041). In conclusion, BAV using retrograde IB without RVP is both safe and feasible. More stable hemodynamics were achieved using retrograde IB by avoiding RVP during TAVR.
Full configuration drag estimation of short-to-medium range fixed-wing UAVs and its impact on initial sizing optimization
Authors: Götten F. , Finger D. F. , Havermann M. , Braun C. , Marino M. , Bil C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe paper presents the derivation of a new equivalent skin friction coefficient for estimating the parasitic drag of short-to-medium range fixed-wing unmanned aircraft. The new coefficient is derived from an aerodynamic analysis of ten different unmanned aircraft used for surveillance, reconnaissance, and search and rescue missions. The aircraft is simulated using a validated unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes approach. The UAV’s parasitic drag is significantly influenced by the presence of miscellaneous components like fixed landing gears or electro-optical sensor turrets. These components are responsible for almost half of an unmanned aircraft’s total parasitic drag. The new equivalent skin friction coefficient accounts for these effects and is significantly higher compared to other aircraft categories. It is used to initially size an unmanned aircraft for a typical reconnaissance mission. The improved parasitic drag estimation yields a much heavier unmanned aircraft when compared to the sizing results using available drag data of manned aircraft.
Identity development across the transition from secondary to tertiary education: A 9‐wave longitudinal study
Authors: Christiaens Annabelle H.T. , Nelemans Stefanie A. , Meeus Wim H.J. , Branje Susan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe transition from secondary to tertiary education could be considered as an opportunity for psychological growth and might play a meaningful role in educational identity development during adolescence. In the present study, we aimed to examine how adolescents differ in their educational identity development across the normative transition from secondary to tertiary education in the Netherlands, and if differences between classes could be described at the socio‐demographic, academic, individual, and relational level.MethodThe present study conducted parallel process piecewise Latent Class Growth Analyses in a sample of 685 Dutch participants (47.0% girls, Mage = 17.29 years old at the time of transition). Longitudinal data from adolescent (bi)annual surveys were centered around the final year of secondary school, with 4 years before the final year and 4 years after.ResultsHeterogeneity in the development of identity commitment and reconsideration across the transition was best classified by a 4‐class solution. These four classes were labelled Increasing Self‐Certainty, Stable Self‐Certainty, Post‐Transition Uncertainty, and Enduring Uncertainty. Adolescents’ patterns of identity development were meaningfully associated with sociodemographic, academic, individual, and relational characteristics.ConclusionThe present study discusses the merits of taking a person‐centered approach, which indicated adaptive development for the majority of adolescents but also captured distinct patterns of struggles in educational identity development across the transition for a sizable minority.
New phase-matching selection rule to generate angularly isolated harmonics
Authors: Zhang Xiaomei , Shen Baifei , Zhang Lingang , Shi Yin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
High harmonic generation (HHG) is an ideal probing source. In general, all harmonics are coupled with the corresponding input laser when generated, and for applications, they are separated using additional spectrometers. Herein, we report the angular isolation of relativistic harmonics at a predicted emission angle upon generation and, most importantly, a new phase-matching chain selection rule is derived to generate harmonics. Based on the laser plasma mechanism involving two non-collinear relativistic driving lasers, the nth harmonic carrying the information of both input lasers originates from its adjacent (n – 1)th harmonic coupled with one of the input lasers. Meanwhile, the intensity and emission angle of the generated isolated harmonic are both greatly increased compared with those in the gas scheme. These results are satisfactorily verified by theoretical analysis and three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, which have physical significance and are essential for practical applications.
FIBRED ALGEBRAIC SEMANTICS FOR A VARIETY OF NON-CLASSICAL FIRST-ORDER LOGICS AND TOPOLOGICAL LOGICAL TRANSLATION
Authors: MARUYAMA YOSHIHIRO 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLawvere hyperdoctrines give categorical algebraic semantics for intuitionistic predicate logic. Here we extend the hyperdoctrinal semantics to a broad variety of substructural predicate logics over the Typed Full Lambek Calculus, verifying their completeness with respect to the extended hyperdoctrinal semantics. This yields uniform hyperdoctrinal completeness results for numerous logics such as different types of relevant predicate logics and beyond, which are new results on their own; i.e., we give uniform categorical semantics for a broad variety of non-classical predicate logics. And we introduce an analogue of Lawvere–Tierney topology and cotopology in the hyperdoctrinal setting, which gives a unifying perspective on different logical translations, in particular allowing for a uniform treatment of Girard’s exponential translation between linear and intuitionistic logics and of Kolmogorov’s double negation translation between intuitionistic and classical logics. In the hyerdoctrinal conception, type theories are categories, logics over type theories are functors, and logical translations between them, then, are natural transformations, in particular Lawvere–Tierney topologies and cotopologies on hyperdoctrines. The view of logical translations as hyperdoctrinal Lawvere–Tierney topologies and cotopologies has not been elucidated before, and may be seen as a novel contribution of the present work. From a broader perspective, this work may be regarded as taking first steps towards interplay between algebraic and categorical logics; it is, technically, a combination of substructural (or Lambekian) algebraic logic and hyperdoctrinal (or Lawverian) categorical logic, as the hyperdoctrinal completeness theorem is shown via the integration of the Lindenbaum–Tarski algebra construction with the syntactic category construction. As such this work lays a foundation for further interactions between algebraic and categorical logics.