bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Availability of Compliance Status in the Documentary Credit Opening Contract: A Study on the Jordanian Legislations
Authors: Al Maamari Abdulwahab Abdullah , Al Ghuwairi Abdallah Hameed 
Published: March 2021

The letter of credit (L/C) contract is one of a range of banking operations through which banks can finance foreign trade. The contract provides security and stability to the trade because of the trust and credit it gives, since the buyer may be in one country and the seller in another, so as to assure each other that the other party fulfills its obligation. However, is this contract can be considered as a compliance contract so the relations between parties is a submissive weak-strong relationship? This necessarily entails examining the availability of legal protection to prevent the abuse of a strong party. Hence, this paper aims to examine the availability of compliance status in the documentary credit opening contract and focuses on the Jordanian legislations as a case study. The comparative analytical approach is executed in this study. The findings reveal that the L/C contract is influenced by the concept of compliance, however the L/C contract can be adjusted by the client, in accordance with the rules and provisions of this credit.

Received: 31 January 2021 / Accepted: 27 February 2021 / Published: 7 March 2021
Service Quality in a Reduced payroll Environment: Applying Queuing Analysis to Customer Perception Case Study
Authors: Yearout Robert DeWitt , Ballard Jack , Lee Jimin , McKenzie Claudel , Parsons Donna 
Published: March 2021

This study was conducted in a national retail pharmacy company’s stores inWestern North Carolinato examine the impact of the reduction of store staffing, primarily pharmacists and service staff, on customers’ satisfaction with service time. Customer arrival rates and service times for each queue were conducted to determine optimal staffing. A random customer survey in multiple store locations provided customers’ perceptions of service quality. Analysis determined that over 30% of the customers surveyed were dissatisfied with service time. A regression analysis demonstrated a significant linear relationship (σ = 0.05) between total service time and customer satisfaction. Study results indicate that cutting staff could result in an unacceptable loss of a competitive advantage. Payroll cost savings of less than $70,000 per year could result in lost revenue dollars in excess of $1,700,000 per year. Thus reducing staff hours (decreasing payroll) in the short term may negatively impact long-term effectiveness and productivity.
A Survey-Based Vision for Restructuring Concrete Business in the New Residential Communities in Egypt
Authors: Zidan Ahmed , Mousa Ahmed , Mahgoub Mohamed 
Published: March 2021

Due to its evolving technology and dynamic nature, a sizeable segment of the world’s construction market that used to partly rely on traditional site-mixed concrete (SMC) had almost completely shifted to ready-mixed concrete (RMC) several decades ago in the developed countries. Likewise, this targeted trend has been observed in developing countries. The Egyptian residential sector has also adopted some corrective changes in this direction in the last decade. Nevertheless, the vast majority of builders in the Egyptian market have continued to oppose to this global paradigm shift. The observed “cultural” resistance to change seems to be chiefly driven by the difference in the unit price of SMC and RMC, overlooking the latter’s superior characteristics and its added values that fundamentally overweigh this apparent difference in cost.This study aims at promoting the use of RMC over SMC for construction of new residential communities in Egypt. Proper business measures need to be implemented for the desired change in the culture of concrete market. A mixed (qualitative and quantitative) approach was used in this survey. A customized survey, comprised of a series of interviews with consultants/contractors in the field and a detailed questionnaire targeting practitioners (developers, contractors and end users), was conducted to gage market responsiveness to the desired change. The desired market shift towards RMC (targeted variable) hinges on generic variables: price, concrete quality and customer satisfaction, and market-specific variables: local concrete culture, perception of average customers, and permitting process.The survey revealed that professional participants, a small fraction of the local concrete market, are aware of the added values of utilizing RMC. The participation rate is clearly indicative of the absence of awareness of the numerous competitive advantages of using RMC in the Egyptian market. The resistance to change, unarguably, still hinges on the mistakenly believed difference in SMC and RMC unit prices, not the cost/benefit ratio.
Instructional Software for Reliability Estimation and Fault Tree Analysis
Authors: Ahluwalia Rashpal 
Published: March 2021

This paper describes a software tool to introduce fundamental concepts of reliability and fault tree analysis to engineering students. Students can fit common failure distributions to failure data. The data can be complete, singly censored, or multiply censored. The software computes distribution and goodness-of-fit parameters. The students can use the tool to validate hand calculations. Failure distributions and reliability values for various components can be identified and stored in a database. Various components and sub-systems can be used to build series- parallel or complex systems. The components data can also be used to build fault trees. The software tool can compute reliability of complex state independent and state dependent systems. The tool can also be used to compute failure probability of the top node of a fault tree. The software was implemented in Visual Basic with SQL as the database. It operates on the Windows 7 platform.
Multiatributte Double Sampling Control Chart
Authors: Ramirez-Mendez Esmeralda , Cantu-Sifuentes Mario 
Published: March 2021

In recent years, multiattribute control charts have received an increasing attention. These charts are able to monitor two or more attributes in the same chart. In addition, there are many applications of multiatributte control charts in a wide variety of manufacturing processes and services. In this article, a multiattribute double sampling (DS D2) control chart is proposed. Double sampling is a methodology used to improve the efficiency of a control chart to detect quality issues without increase the sampling. Results of comparative studies via simulation indicate that the proposed control chart significantly outperforms in most of the supposed sceneries, in terms of the Average Run Length.
Decision Support System for Production Planning in the Ship Repair Industry
Authors: Ahluwalia Rashpal , Pinha Denis 
Published: March 2021

All ships and offshore platforms, however large or small, undergo scheduled or unscheduled repair and maintenance. The bidding process for ship repair jobs is highly competitive and global in scope. The ship repair industry is also prone to significant risks due to high level of capital investment in skilled labor, specialized equipment, and facilities such as dry docks. Several decision support tools have been utilized by the ship repair and maintenance industry with limited success. The focus of these tools is on mid or long-term planning. They view the system as various cost centers and attempt to minimize cost at each center. This paper proposes a decision support system for short term planning. It is oriented towards day to day decision making by ship yard personnel. Its focus is on enhancing system throughput and minimizing total cost. It utilizes a common corporate database to store and retrieve information and to generate timely reports for the management. By focusing on system throughput and overall cost, unnecessary internal completion between cost centers can be avoided, resulting in fewer delays and resource overloading.
A Simulation-Based Approach for Evaluating Cost and Performance of a Sediment Removal and Processing System for the Lower Susquehanna River Dams
Authors: Qureshi Saqib , Fontaine Raymond , Saleeb Samuel , Stein Joel 
Published: March 2021

A series of three major dams and reservoirs located along the Lower Susquehanna River have historically acted as a system of sediment and nutrient pollution traps. However, episodic pulses of these pollution loads are released following short-term extreme storm events, affecting subaquatic vegetation, benthic organisms, and the overall water quality in the Upper Chesapeake Bay. In addition, all three reservoirs have reached a state of near maximum storage capacity termed as dynamic equilibrium. Based on prior research, this study seeks to reduce the sediment buildup behind the dams through a sediment removal and processing operation, and thereby reduce the ecological impact of major storms. A set of scour performance curves derived from a regression analysis, and a stochastic lifecycle cost model were used to evaluate the sediment scouring reduction and economic feasibility of three processing alternatives: Plasma Vitrification, Cement-Lock, and Quarry/Landfill, and three removal amount cases: Nominal, Moderate, and Maximum. Since the scour performance curves treat the dams as static, a fluid system dynamics model was used to determine if the dynamic interaction between the capacitance of the dams during major scouring events is negligible or considerable. A utility vs. cost analysis factoring in time, performance, and suitability of the alternatives indicates that a Cement-Lock processing plant at moderate dredging for the Safe Harbor and Conowingo Dams is the most cost-performance effective solution.
Modeling and Analysis of the Rotor Blade Refurbishment Process at the Corpus Christi Army Depot
Authors: Green Nathanial , Jaye David , Kerns Stephen , Lesinski Gene 
Published: March 2021

Much of the Army’s equipment is coming to the end of its planned life cycle. At the same time, the Department of Defense and the Army are facing severe budget reductions for the foreseeable future. As a result, the planned modernization and acquisition of new equipment will be delayed. The Army is now forced to keep and maintain current equipment as opposed to retiring old systems and buying new ones. With the increased investment in the current systems, the organizations and depots that maintain and refurbish the Army’s equipment are becoming increasingly valuable assets. Corpus Christi Army Depot (CCAD) is the Army’s only facility for repair and overhaul of rotary wing aircraft. CCAD receives approximately 10 rotor blades per day for the Black Hawk helicopter. Each blade is routed through a detailed inspection and rework process consisting of approximately 67 sequential operations which take approximately 45 days per blade. Recently CCAD has expanded and reorganized the rotor blade refurbishment facility which provides an opportunity to re-examine processes, adjust positioning of work stations, and improve efficiency. In this research we develop a discrete-event simulation model of the CCAD rotor blade refurbishment process in order to identify inefficiencies and examine “what if” scenarios to improve key performance metrics. The key performance metrics used to analyze model input include throughput, work in progress, mean queue time, mean queue size, and workstation utilization. The baseline model revealed that there were two crucial bottlenecks that severely limited the throughput and overall performance of the refurbishment process. Adjusting the capacities of these workstations was very effective in reducing the number of blades in WIP and reducing the impact of the queues in front of these stations, but failed to increase the throughput to the desired amount. Additionally, we found that the loss of one whirl tower’s production would not be a significant factor for CCAD’s performance in terms of throughput since operating with only one whirl tower did not significantly impact metrics of interest for the process.
Food Security Network Modeling
Authors: McDonald Kenneth , Akers Joshua , Bartz Forrest , Beck Daniel , Castro Israel , Prins LTC Robert 
Published: March 2021

Food security creates a complex issue for American interests. Within a constantly expanding operational environment, food security remains a vital lifeline both domestically and abroad. Current methods of mapping an area’s food system rely on ad-hoc assessments that produce skewed results and minimal metric analysis. Previous assessments methodologies failed to incorporate components of a food system that influences the overall stability of an area. The research conducted utilized the Systems Decision Process (SDP) to create a value hierarchy and model that provide an assessment for an areas food system. The findings from the research showcase that a food system relies on several variables such as infrastructure, dietary needs, and the national stability of a region. A more enhanced assessment model was developed that placed an overarching value to a food network that allows ground commanders to gain a holistic overview of the condition of an areas food system.
Applying Value-Focused Thinking to a Make Versus Buy Decision
Authors: Bianchi Anthony , Barnett John , Dempsey William , Giachinta Matthew , Hugenberg Matt , Talley Alijah 
Published: March 2021

The United States Army placed emphasis on decreasing the load an individual Soldier carries by reducing the weight of ammunition through the use of polymer-cased ammunition. This paradigm shift from brass to polymer raises concerns over the implementation aspect of this new procedure into the US Army’s current ammunition production process. Our client, Project Manager Maneuver Ammunition Systems (PM-MAS) sponsored our team to analyze various candidate solutions using a methodology grounded in value-focused thinking, and recommend an implementation method to produce 7.62 mm polymer-cased ammunition at the Lake City Army Ammunition Plant (LCAAP) in Lake City, Missouri. This paper outlines the application of systems thinking concepts, various problem definition techniques and value modeling in order to effectively compare three given scenarios using a total value score versus cost analysis for each candidate solution. Our final recommendation is to implement the Buy scenario because of its total score of 63.5 and estimated cost of $14.62 million.
Peanut Based Biodiesel Production in Georgia: An Economic Feasibility Study
Authors: Hogan Dustin , Desai Anoop , Soloiu Valentin 
Published: March 2021

An increased emphasis on renewable energy in recent years stems from diminishing supplies of fossil fuels. Add to that an ever-increasing global demand for energy and the conditions for a sustained push towards alternative, renewable forms of energy are clearly present. Biodiesel can be regarded as one such source of alternate energy. It is a renewable diesel fuel substitute that can be manufactured from a variety of naturally occurring oils and fats, primarily through the process of trans-esterification. Peanuts constitute one of the main sources of biodiesel. From the national perspective, Georgia is leading state in the country for producing peanuts. It accounts for approximately 45 percent of the crop's national acreage and production. Last year Georgia farmers harvested 755,000 acres of peanuts, for a yield of 2.2 billion pounds (EPA, 2010). Southern Georgia is the most productive region due to its coastal plain region, which runs from Columbus through Macon to Augusta. However, for mainstream adoption of biodiesel to be successful, the economic case for production needs to be examined carefully. This paper analyzes and presents the economic feasibility of biodiesel production, with a focus on southeast Georgia.
Anti-uniqueness without articles
Authors: Erlewine Michael Yoshitaka , Lim Meghan 
Published: March 2021

We report on the expression of singular nominals in Burmese, an articleless language, from original elicitation work. Bare nouns are interpreted as singular definites, to which the numeral tiq 'one' is added to form indefinites. We propose that tiq 'one' restricts the domain of the nominal to a singleton, and that its addition is subject to a Non-Vacuity constraint; this is the source of the anti-uniqueness inference of indefinites. We furthermore investigate the availability of tiq 'one' in anaphoric definites. Such behavior forms an argument that the compositional semantics of anaphoric definites does not involve contextual restriction via a situation variable, unlike unique definites.
Stressors at work and elsewhere: a global survival approach
Authors: Abrahamsson Kenneth , Levi Lennart 
Published: March 2021

Abstract: The United Nations´ “Agenda 2030” aims, in an integrated manner, to address the entire multitude of major global risks – e.g., to end poverty and hunger, realize the human rights of all, and ensure the lasting protection of the planet and its natural resources. However, recent political changes put this bold initiative at risk. To increase the likelihood of success, higher education institutions worldwide should teach and train today´s students – tomorrow´s decision makers – to think both critically and ethically, to learn to cope with ethical dilemmas, and to apply systems-thinking approaches to serious and complex societal problems. The Covid-19 pandemic provides just one example of a complex and serious challenge necessitating such approaches. Promoting decent work, full employment and economic growth is one of the other major challenges. And neither of them can be successfully dealt with in a piecemeal manner
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY TOURISM TIKUS ISLAND BENGKULU PROVINCE WITH SWOT ANALYSIS
Authors: Herlin Herlin , Yati Rina Trisna 
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to find out how the strategy of developing Tikus island of Bengkulu province tourism. This type of research is a descriptive exploratory study, using primary (observation and questionnaire) and secondary data obtained by the Bengkulu Province Tourism Office, with samples in this study totaling 125 people. Methods of data analysis using SWOT Analysis.
Based on the results of the SWOT analysis (Strenghts, Weakness, Opportunity and Treaths) showed that the strategy of developing Tikus Island Bengkulu province consisting of internal strategic factors (IFAS) consisting of Strength (S) and Weakness (W) obtained a total score of 4.28, this means that the attraction Tikus Island Bengkulu province has a strength that is greater than weakness. Whereas external factors (EFAS), which consist of opportunities and Threats (T) with a total score of 4.25 and opportunities (O) of 2.32, which means that the attraction Tikus Island Bengkulu province has a greater opportunity from threats. The meeting point between strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats is in quadrant I, which means that the strategy implemented is to support aggressive strategy. In this quadrant I shows that attractions Tikus Island Bengkulu province have equal opportunities and Weakness (W) so that the strategy that can be applied is to support aggressive policies (Growth Oriented Strategy, namely by developing transportation and supporting facilities to the region).
Firm Size As A Moderation Factor: Testing The Relationship of Capital Structure With Dividend Policy
Authors: Akhmadi Akhmadi , Mahmudi Bambang , Muksin Moh , Suhendra Indra , F Rina 
Published: March 2021

This study examines size as a variable that can strengthen and weaken the relationship between debt policy and dividend policy. Presearch using a sample of 26 companies of 65 population Basic industrial and chemical manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2011-2015, which is determined by purposive technique. The variables observed include debt policy as an independent variable, dividend policy as the dependent variable, and firm size as a moderating variable. The analysis tool uses regression moderating analysis (MRA). The results prove that the Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) has a negative and insignificant effect on the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR), firm size negatively moderates and there is a significant relationship between capital structure and dividend policy.
“GEREJA DIBALIK DINDING" Kajian Markus 7:24-30 dan Implikasinya bagi Pendidikan Multikultural di Indonesia)
Authors: Labobar Yuni Feni 
Published: March 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan pendidikan multikultural dengan mendialogkan Markus 7:24-30 yang berbicara tentang Yesus dan Perempuan Siro-Fenisia dengan dihadapkan dengan wacana multikultural dalam konteks Indonesia. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah library research atau penelitian kepustakaan dan metode yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif melalui buku-buku tulisan James Banks dan Tabita Christiani. Melalui dialog analisis Teks Alkitab dan teori dari beberapa ahli ini dapat mengasilkan pendidikan multikultural dalam konteks Indonesia. Analisis terhadap teks Markus 7:24-30 merupakan salah satu teks Alkitab yang berbicara soal multikultural. Yesus berhadap dengan seorang perempuan Siro-Fenisia yang berbeda gender, agama, dan etnis dengan-Nya
IMPLEMENTASI PAK DALAM MENGATASI PERILAKU SISWA “BROKEN HOME” DI SMP NEGERI 2 MANADO
Authors: Luma Subaedah , Wauran Gracia Weninda , Janis Yanice 
Published: March 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran penerapan Pendidikan secara khusus Pendidikan Agama Kristen bagi siswa yang mengalami broken home. Gambaran penerapan Pendidikan ini dikalimatkan dengan istilah Implementasi yang bertujuan untuk menentukkan model Pengajaran Pendidikan Agama yang sesuai dengan konteks siswa SMP Negeri 2 Manado. Dengan mengunakan kajian teori PAK Thomas Groome: Sharing Faith. Menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif memudahkan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang apa dan bagaimana Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen yang adalah pengajar menyikapi persoalan anak yang broken home dalam sisi sebagai seorang guru di sekolah yang bagi semua orang guru adalah orang tua siswa di sekolah.
Nevo melanocítico congénito gigante
Authors: Paredes Lascano Patricia , Bravo Paredes Alejandro , Ortiz Meneses Kruzkaya 
Published: March 2021

Introducción: Los Nevos Melanocíticos Congénitos (NMC) son lesiones cutáneas que frecuentemente están presentes desde el nacimiento, sin embargo, la presencia de un NMC gigante mayor a 20 cm es infrecuente, motivo de presentación del caso.
Caso: Niño de 2 años y 5 meses, quien presentó Nevos congénitas de diferente diámetro dispersos en toda el área de la piel, siendo el más grande uno de color oscuro en el área de tórax posterior en línea media dorsal, abollonada que se eleva de la piel e inicia desde el occipucio y se prolonga por la línea media hasta llegar a la región sacra y glúteos, cubre hombros de forma triangular inversa con diámetros de 27 por 25 centímetros. Se acompaña de numerosos nevos satelitales de 3 milímetros hasta 15 centímetros. La presencia de dos neurofibromas en los dedos.
Evolución: Una interconsulta a Neurología Pediátrica concluyó en un examen neurológico sin alteración, el estudio de Resonancia Magnética Nuclear Cerebral y del canal espinal, fueron normales, así como los exámenes complementarios de biometría hemática, química sanguínea, perfil hepático, perfil tiroideo y eco abdominal. La biopsia de piel reportó un patrón histológico de Nevo Melanocítico. Debido a la extensión de la lesión se decidió la observación. El prurito fue tratado sintomáticamente.
Conclusión: El Síndrome del Nevo Melanocítico Congénito se asocia con múltiples hallazgos fenotípicos clásicos, dentro de los cuales se encuentran patrones de pigmentación que ocupan las líneas de Blaschko, neurofibromas y múltiples melanomas satélites. Su diagnóstico es clínico y para su tratamiento se requieren procedimientos quirúrgicos a consideración de la extensión de la lesión. El manejo integral de manera interdisciplinaria es fundamental en su tratamiento.