bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disturbance alters the forest soil microbiome
Authors: Bowd Elle J. , Banks Sam C. , Bissett Andrew , May Tom W. , Lindenmayer David B. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBillions of microorganisms perform critical below‐ground functions in all terrestrial ecosystems. While largely invisible to the naked eye, they support all higher lifeforms, form symbiotic relationships with ~90% of terrestrial plant species, stabilize soils, and facilitate biogeochemical cycles. Global increases in the frequency of disturbances are driving major changes in the structure and function of forests. However, despite their functional significance, the disturbance responses of forest microbial communities are poorly understood. Here, we explore the influence of disturbance on the soil microbiome (archaea, fungi and bacteria) of some of the world's tallest and most carbon‐dense forests, the Mountain Ash forests of south‐eastern Australia. From 80 sites, we identified 23,277 and 19,056 microbial operational taxonomic units from the 0–10 cm and 20–30 cm depths of soil respectively. From this extensive data set, we found the diversity and composition of these often cryptic communities has been altered by human and natural disturbance events. For instance, the diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi declined with clearcut logging, the diversity of archaea declined with salvage logging, and bacterial diversity and overall microbial diversity declined with the number of fires. Moreover, we identified key associations between edaphic (soil properties), environmental (slope, elevation) and spatial variables and the composition of all microbial communities. Specifically, we found that soil pH, manganese, magnesium, phosphorus, iron and nitrate were associated with the composition of all microbial communities. In a period of widespread degradation of global forest ecosystems, our findings provide an important and timely insight into the disturbance responses of soil microbial communities, which may influence key ecological functions.
Remote magnetic navigation versus manual catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: A single center long‐term comparison
Authors: Schlögl Simon , Schlögl Klaudia Stella , Haarmann Helge , Bengel Philipp , Bergau Leonard , Rasenack Eva , Hasenfuss Gerd , Zabel Markus 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundData comparing remote magnetic catheter navigation (RMN) with manual catheter navigation (MCN) ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) is lacking. The aim of the present prospective observational study was to compare the outcome of RMN versus (vs.) MCN ablation of AF with regards to AF recurrence.MethodsThe study comprised 667 consecutive patients with a total of 939 procedures: 287 patients were ablated using RMN, 380 using MCN.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the groups at baseline. After 2.3 ± 2.3 years of follow‐up, 23% of the patients in the MCN group remained free of AF recurrence compared to 13% in the RMN group (p < .001). After analysis of 299 repeat ablations (133 MCN, 166 RMN) there was a significantly higher reconnection rate of pulmonary veins after RMN ablation p < .001). In multivariable Cox‐regression analysis, RMN ablation was an independent risk factor for AF recurrence besides age, persistent AF, number of isolated pulmonary veins, and left atrial diameter. Procedure time, radiofrequency application time and total number of ablation points were higher in the RMN group. Total fluoroscopy time and total fluoroscopy dose were significantly lower for RMN. Complication rates did not differ between groups (p = .842), although the incidence of significant pericardial effusion was higher in the MCN group (seven cases vs. three in RMN group).ConclusionsIn our study the AF recurrence rate and pulmonary vein reconnection rate is higher after RMN ablation with a similar complication rate but reduced probability of pericardial effusion when compared to MCN.
The chromosome‐scale genomes of Dipterocarpus turbinatus and Hopea hainanensis (Dipterocarpaceae) provide insights into fragrant oleoresin biosynthesis and hardwood formation
Authors: Wang Sibo , Liang Hongping , Wang Hongli , Li Linzhou , Xu Yan , Liu Yang , Liu Min , Wei Jinpu , Ma Tao , Le Cheng , Yang Jinlong , He Chengzhong , Liu Jie , Zhao Jianming , Zhao Yuxian , Lisby Michael , Sahu Sunil Kumar , Liu Huan 
Published: October 2021

SummaryDipterocarpaceae are typical tropical plants (dipterocarp forests) that are famous for their high economic value because of their production of fragrant oleoresins, top‐quality timber and usage in traditional Chinese medicine. Currently, the lack of Dipterocarpaceae genomes has been a limiting factor to decipher the fragrant oleoresin biosynthesis and gain evolutionary insights into high‐quality wood formation in Dipterocarpaceae. We generated chromosome‐level genome assemblies for two representative Dipterocarpaceae species viz. Dipterocarpus turbinatus Gaertn. f. and Hopea hainanensis Merr. et Chun. Our whole‐genome duplication (WGD) analysis revealed that Dipterocarpaceae underwent a shared WGD event, which showed significant impacts on increased copy numbers of genes related to the biosynthesis of terpene, BAHD acyltransferases, fatty acid and benzenoid/phenylpropanoid, which probably confer to the formation of their characteristic fragrant oleoresin. Additionally, compared with common soft wood plants, the expansion of gene families was also found to be associated with wood formation, such as in CESA (cellulose synthase), CSLE (cellulose synthase‐like protein E), laccase and peroxidase in Dipterocarpaceae genomes, which might also contribute to the formation of harder, stronger and high‐density timbers. Finally, an integrative analysis on a combination of genomic, transcriptomic and metabolic data from different tissues provided further insights into the molecular basis of fragrant oleoresins biosynthesis and high‐quality wood formation of Dipterocarpaceae. Our study contributes the first two representative genomes for Dipterocarpaceae, which are valuable genetic resources for further researches on the fragrant oleoresins and superior‐quality timber, genome‐assisted breeding and improvement, and conservation biology of this family.
Effects of Voluntary Quadriceps–Hamstring Cocontraction on Tibiofemoral Force During Isometric Knee Extension and Knee Flexion Exercises With Constant External Resistance
Authors: Biscarini Andrea , Panichi Roberto , Dieni Cristina V. , Contemori Samuele 
Published: October 2021

A biomechanical model has been developed to assess the effects of a voluntary effort of quadriceps–hamstring cocontraction on tibiofemoral force during isometric knee flexion and knee extension exercises with constant external resistance. The model establishes the analytic condition in the moment arms and traction angles of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles that determines the direction (anterior/posterior) of the tibiofemoral shear force developed by the cocontraction. This model also establishes the mechanical effect (loading/unloading) on the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). At about 15° of knee flexion (where the ACL experiences its maximum quadriceps-induced strain) a voluntary quadriceps–hamstring cocontraction effort yields: (1) nearly the same enhancement in hamstring and quadriceps activation, (2) an increase in hamstring force about 1.5 times higher than that of the quadriceps, and (3) posterior (ACL unloading) tibial pull and compressive tibiofemoral force that increase linearly with the level of quadriceps and hamstring activation. The sensitivity of the results to intersubject variability in the posterior slope of the tibial plateau and muscle moment arms has been estimated with the use of anatomic data available in the literature. An anterior (ACL loading) tibial pull is actually developed at 15° of knee flexion by a voluntary effort of quadriceps–hamstring cocontraction as the posterior tibial slope exceeds 14°.
Correction
Authors: Welsh Michael J. , Anderson Matthew P. 
Published: October 2021

In the final preparation of the manuscript of our report "Regulation by ATP and ADP of CFTR chloride channels that contain mutant nucleotide-binding domains" (18 Sept., p. 1701) (
1
), we inadvertently plotted the data for figure 1C with an incorrect
x
axis: MgATP was plotted on the
x
axis instead of P
o
. We did not immediately notice the error, which was brought to our attention by Charles Venglarik and Robert Bridges, because the shape of the two curves is similiar. The correct plot is shown in the figure below.

In both plots the data do not fit a straight
[See figure in the PDF file]
line, which supports our interpretation that more than one site may be involved with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) regulation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). We regret any inconvenience this may have caused.
Ischemic Stroke in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: From the KCHF Registry
Authors: Iguchi Moritake , Kato Takao , Yaku Hidenori , Morimoto Takeshi , Inuzuka Yasutaka , Tamaki Yodo , Ozasa Neiko , Yamamoto Erika , Yoshikawa Yusuke , Kitai Takeshi , Hamatani Yasuhiro , Yamashita Yugo , Masunaga Nobutoyo , Ogawa Hisashi , Ishii Mitsuru , An Yoshimori , Taniguchi Ryoji , Kato Masashi , Takahashi Mamoru , Jinnai Toshikazu , Ikeda Tomoyuki , Nagao Kazuya , Kawai Takafumi , Komasa Akihiro , Nishikawa Ryusuke , Kawase Yuichi , Morinaga Takashi , Kawato Mitsunori , Seko Yuta , Toyofuku Mamoru , Furukawa Yutaka , Ando Kenji , Kadota Kazushige , Abe Mitsuru , Akao Masaharu , Sato Yukihito , Kuwahara Koichiro , Kimura Takeshi 
Published: October 2021

Background
Heart failure (HF) is a known risk factor for ischemic stroke, but data regarding ischemic stroke during hospitalization for acute decompensated HF (ADHF) are limited.

Methods and Results

We analyzed the data from a multicenter registry (Kyoto Congestive Heart Failure [KCHF] Registry) that enrolled 4056 consecutive patients with ADHF in Japan (mean age, 78 years; men, 2238 patients [55%]; acute coronary syndrome [ACS], 239 patients [5.9%]). We investigated the incidence and predictors of ischemic stroke during hospitalization for ADHF. During the hospitalization, 63 patients (1.6%) developed ischemic stroke. The median interval from admission to the onset of ischemic stroke was 7 [interquartile range: 2–14] days, and the most common underlying cause was cardioembolism (64%). Men (OR, 1.87; 95%CI, 1.11–3.24), ACS (OR, 2.31; 95%CI, 1.01–4.93), absence of prior HF hospitalization (OR, 2.21; 95%CI, 1.24–4.21), and high B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP)/N‐terminal proBNP (NT‐proBNP) levels (above the median) at admission (OR, 3.15; 95%CI, 1.84–5.60) were independently associated with ischemic stroke. In patients without ACS, the independent risk factors for ischemic stroke were fully consistent with those in the main analysis. Higher quartiles of BNP/NT‐proBNP levels were significantly associated with higher incidence of ischemic stroke (
P
for trend, <0.001). Patients with ischemic stroke showed higher in‐hospital mortality, longer length of hospital stay, and poorer functional status at discharge.

Conclusions
During hospitalization for ADHF, 1.6% of the patients developed ischemic stroke. Men, ACS, absence of prior HF hospitalization, and high BNP/NT‐proBNP levels at admission were independently associated with ischemic stroke.
Analyses of the photosynthetic characteristics, chloroplast ultrastructure, and transcriptome of apple (Malus domestica) grown under red and blue lights
Authors: Li Zhiqiang , Chen Qiaojing , Xin Youyan , Mei Zhuoxin , Gao Aiyun , Liu Wenjun , Yu Lei , Chen Xuesen , Chen Zijing , Wang Nan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Light quality significantly affects plant growth and development, photosynthesis, and carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is a widely cultivated and economically important fruit crop worldwide. However, there are still few studies on the effects of different light qualities on the growth and development of apple seedlings.

Results
In this study, we explored the effects of blue and red light treatments on the growth and development, photosynthetic characteristics, leaf chloroplast ultrastructure, and carbon and nitrogen metabolism of apple seedlings. Blue light significantly inhibited apple plant growth and leaf extension, but it promoted the development of leaf tissue structures and chloroplasts and positively affected leaf stomatal conductance, the transpiration rate, and photosynthetic efficiency. The red light treatment promoted apple plant growth and root development, but it resulted in loosely organized leaf palisade tissues and low chlorophyll contents. The blue and red light treatments enhanced the accumulation of ammonium nitrogen in apple seedlings. Moreover, the blue light treatment significantly promoted nitrogen metabolism. Additionally, an RNA-seq analysis revealed that both blue light and red light can significantly up-regulate the expression of genes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Blue light can also promote amino acid synthesis and flavonoid metabolism, whereas red light can induce plant hormone signal transduction. The expression of a gene encoding a bHLH transcription factor (MYC2-like) was significantly up-regulated in response to blue light, implying it may be important for blue light-mediated plant development.

Conclusions
Considered together, blue and red light have important effects on apple growth, carbon and nitrogen metabolism. These findings may be useful for determining the ideal light conditions for apple cultivation to maximize fruit yield and quality.
A ten-genes-based diagnostic signature for atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhu Feng , Zuo Lili , Hu Rui , Wang Jin , Yang Zhihua , Qi Xin , Feng Limin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease with a high mortality worldwide. Understanding the atherosclerosis pathogenesis and identification of efficient diagnostic signatures remain major problems of modern medicine. This study aims to screen the potential diagnostic genes for atherosclerosis.

Methods
We downloaded the gene chip data of 135 peripheral blood samples, including 57 samples with atherosclerosis and 78 healthy subjects from GEO database (Accession Number: GSE20129). The weighted gene co-expression network analysis was applied to identify atherosclerosis-related genes. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted by using the clusterProfiler R package. The interaction pairs of proteins encoded by atherosclerosis-related genes were screened using STRING database, and the interaction network was further optimized with the cytoHubba plug-in of Cytoscape software.

Results
The logistic regression diagnostic model was constructed to predict normal and atherosclerosis samples. A gene module which included 532 genes related to the occurrence of atherosclerosis were screened. Functional enrichment analysis basing on the 532 genes identified 235 significantly enriched GO terms and 44 significantly enriched KEGG pathways. The top 50 hub genes of the protein–protein interaction network were identified. The final logistic regression diagnostic model was established by the optimal 10 key genes, which could distinguish atherosclerosis samples from normal samples.

Conclusions
A predictive model based on 10 potential atherosclerosis-related genes was obtained, which should shed light on the diagnostic research of atherosclerosis.
Serum CA-125 for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Ping , Yu Qin , Zhang Aijie , He Fang , Xu Songyan , Chen Liang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains the world’s deadliest infectious killer. Serum CA-125 test are useful in the diagnosis of PTB. Although studies on the relation between CA-125 and PTB have been reported, the specificity and sensitivity of serum CA-125 in diagnosing PTB vary widely among different studies. The present study was performed to evaluate the accuracy of CA-125 for the diagnosis of PTB via a meta-analysis of data obtained from previous studies.MethodsEnglish and Chinese medical electronic databases were searched for eligible studies published up to February 2020. STATA software was used to obtain a pooled estimation of the diagnostic accuracy of CA-125 and analyze the heterogeneity of the recruited studies. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) was used to evaluate the quality of the obtained studies.ResultsA total of 16 articles were included in this study. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of CA-125 were 0.85 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75–0.91] and 0.87 (95% CI 0.78–0.93), respectively. Moreover, the pooled positive likelihood ratio (LR+), negative likelihood ratio (LR−), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of CA-125 were 6.65 (95% CI 3.62–12.20), 0.18 (95% CI 0.10–0.31), and 37.82 (95% CI 13.17–108.60), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.93.ConclusionsTaken together, the results indicate that serum CA-125 presents potential practical value for diagnosing PTB, but its clinical applicability must be further examined.
Health care manager commitment towards implementation of citizen charter standards and associated factors in public hospitals of Jimma zone, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Getachew Nigusu , Tsega Gebeyehu , Worku Firehiwot , Fufa Debela Tilahun , Melese Dejene , Ali Yesuf Elias , Siraneh Yibeltal 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Managerial commitment is important for effective design and implementation of citizen charter to assure the quality of health service delivery as per the standards depicted in the document. Hence the objective of this study is to assess the level of managerial commitment towards implementation of the citizen charter standards and associated factor in Jimma zone public hospitals.

Methods
A Facility based cross-sectional study design was employed in Jimma zone public hospitals from March 14 to May 16, 2019 and 422 health managers who were currently working at all levels of management were participated in the study. After checking its completeness, the data was entered into EPI data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for statistical analysis. Factor analysis was conducted. Simple and multiple linear regression were done using 95%CI and significance was declared at P < 0.05. All assumptions of linear regression and principal component analysis were checked.

Results
The percentages mean score of managerial commitment for health managers working in jimma zone public hospitals was 58%. Perceived value and care for managers (β = .329,95% CI,.245,.413, p-value<.001), Interaction between staff and managers’ (β = 0.077,95%CI,.032,.122, p-value< 001),involvement during implementation of citizen charter(β = 0.061,95%CI,.010,.112,p-value = 018) and positional level(β = − 122,95%CI,-.242,-.002,p-value = .046) as predictors of managerial commitment towards implementation of citizen charter standards.

Conclusions
In this study, the percentage mean score of managerial commitment for health care managers working in Jimma zone public hospitals was medium. Hence, all levels of managers to consider and maintain factors identified in this study in their management practice to foster a higher level of managerial commitment towards implementation of citizen charter standards in jimma zone public hospitals.
Association of diabetes mellitus with clinical outcomes in patients with different coronary artery stenosis
Authors: Zhang Hui-Wen , Jin Jing-Lu , Cao Ye-Xuan , Guo Yuan-Lin , Wu Na-Qiong , Zhu Cheng-Gang , Xu Rui-Xia , Dong Qian , Li Jian-Jun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
It has been demonstrated that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. However, little is known regarding the long-term prognosis in diabetic patients who experience mild-to-intermediate coronary artery stenosis (CAS). This study was to assess the clinical outcomes of diabetic patients with different severity of CAS.

Methods
We consecutively enrolled 10,940 patients hospitalized due to angina-like chest pain and followed up for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) covering cardiac death, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, unplanned coronary revascularization and angina-related hospitalization. According to coronary angiography, patients were divided into non-obstructive CAS (NOCAS, < 50% stenosis), intermediate CAS (ICAS, 50–69% stenosis), and severe CAS (SCAS, 70–100% stenosis) subgroups, and were further categorized into six groups as NOCAS with DM and non-DM, ICAS with DM and non-DM, and SCAS with DM and non-DM.

Results
During a median follow-up of 40 months, 1,017 (11.1%) MACEs occurred. In patients with ICAS or SCAS, the incidence of events was higher when patients coexisted with DM (p < 0.05, respectively). In subgroup analyses, patients with ICAS and DM, SCAS and non-DM, SCAS and DM had increased risk of events [adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 1.709, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.106–2.641, p = 0.016; HR: 1.911, 95% CI 1.460–2.501, p < 0.001; HR: 2.053, 95% CI 1.514–2.782, p < 0.001] compared to ones with NOCAS and non-DM. Besides, the Kaplan–Meier curves indicated the highest risk of MACEs in patients with SCAS and DM than others (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Diabetic patients with ICAS had the worse outcome, which was comparable to patients with SCAS alone.
Prognostic value of a novel biomarker combining DNA ploidy and tumor burden score for initially resectable liver metastases from patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Peng Jianhong , Li Weihao , Fan Wenhua , Zhang Rongxin , Li Xinyue , Xiao Binyi , Dong Yuejin , Wan Desen , Pan Zhizhong , Lin Junzhong , Wu Xiaojun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) has not been identified as a unified disease entity due to the differences in the severity of metastatic disease and tumor aggressiveness. A screen for specific prognostic risk subgroups is urgently needed. The current study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of DNA ploidy, stroma fraction and nucleotyping of initially resectable liver metastases from patients with CRLM.

Methods
One hundred thirty-nine consecutive patients with initially resectable CRLM who underwent curative liver resection from 2006 to 2018 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were selected for analysis. DNA ploidy, stroma fraction and nucleotyping of liver metastases were evaluated using automated digital imaging systems. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression models.

Results
DNA ploidy was identified as an independent prognostic factor for RFS (HR, 2.082; 95% CI 1.053–4.115; P = 0.035) in the multivariate analysis, while stroma-tumor fraction and nucleotyping were not significant prognostic factors. A significant difference in 3-year RFS was observed among the low-, moderate- and high-risk groups stratified by a novel parameter combined with the tumor burden score (TBS) and DNA ploidy (72.5% vs. 63.2% vs. 37.3%, P = 0.007). The high-risk group who received adjuvant chemotherapy had a significantly better 3-year RFS rate than those without adjuvant chemotherapy (46.7% vs. 24.8%; P = 0.034).

Conclusions
Our study showed that DNA ploidy of liver metastases is an independent prognostic factor for patients with initially resectable CRLM after liver resection. The combination of DNA ploidy and TBS may help to stratify patients into different recurrence risk groups and may guide postoperative treatment among the patients.