bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Implications of Hyperoxia, Type 1 Diabetes and Sex on Cardiovascular Physiology in Mice
Authors: Bojkovic Katarina , Rodgers Jennifer , Vichare Riddhi , Nandi Asmita , Mansour Hussein , Saleem Faizan , Abidin Zain , Vanthenapalli Sahit , Cheng Feng , Panguluri Siva 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Oxygen supplementation, although a cornerstone of emergency and cardiovascular medicine, often results in hyperoxia, a condition characterized by excessive tissue oxygen which results in adverse cardiac remodeling and subsequent injurious effects to physiological function. Cardiac remodeling is further influenced by various risk factors, including pre-existing conditions and sex. Thus, the purpose of this experiment was to investigate cardiac remodeling in Type I Diabetic (Akita) mice subjected to hyperoxic treatment. Overall, we demonstrated that Akita mice experience distinct challenges from wild type (WT) mice. Specifically, Akita males at both normoxia and hyperoxia showed significant decreases in body and heart weights, prolonged PR, QRS, and QTc intervals, and reduced %EF and %FS at normoxia compared to WT controls. Moreover, Akita males largely resemble female mice (both WT and Akita) with regards to the parameters studied. Finally, statistical analysis revealed hyperoxia to have the greatest influence on cardiac pathophysiology, followed by sex, and finally genotype. Taken together, our data suggest that Type I diabetic patients may have distinct cardiac pathophysiology under hyperoxia compared to uncomplicated patients, with males being at high risk. These findings can be used to enhance provision of care in ICU patients with Type I diabetes as a comorbid condition.
Linked Nosocomial COVID-19 Outbreak in Three Facilities for People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Due to SARS-CoV-2 Variant B.1.1.519 with Spike Mutation T478K in the Netherlands
Authors: Gorgels Koen M.F. , Dingemans Jozef , Veer Brian M.J.W. van der , Hackert Volker , Hensels Audrey Y.J. , Heijer Casper D.J. den , Alphen Lieke B. van , Savelkoul Paul H.M. , Hoebe Christian J.P.A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIndividuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) living in congregated settings have increased risk of COVID-19 infection and mortality. Little is known about variant B.1.1.519 with spike mutation T478K, dominant in Mexico. We describe a linked SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.519 outbreak in three IDD facilities in the Netherlands.Methods Following notification of the index, subsequent cases were identified through serial PCR group testing. Positive specimens were submitted for whole-genome-sequencing. Clinical information was gathered through interviews with staff members of the three facilities.ResultsAttack rate (AR) in clients of the index facility was 92% (23/25), total AR in clients 45% (33/73) and in staff members 24% (8/34). 55% (18/33) of client cases were asymptomatic, versus 25% (2/8) of staff members. Five client cases (15%) were hospitalized, two died (6%). Sequencing yielded the same specific B.1.1.519 genotype in all three facilities. No significant difference in median viral load was established comparing the B.1.1.519 variant with other circulating variants. The index of the linked outbreak reported no travel history or link to suspected or confirmed cases suggesting regional surveillance. Observed peak regional prevalence of B.1.1.519 during the outbreak supports this.ConclusionAR, morbidity and mortality prior to control measures taking effect were high, probably related to the specific characteristics of the IDD setting and its clients. We assessed no evidence for intrinsic contributing properties of variant B.1.1.519. Our study argues for enhanced infection prevention protocols in the IDD setting, and prioritization of this group for vaccination against COVID-19.
Traditional Chinese Medicine For HIV-Associated Acute Herpes Zoster: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Jiang Yue , Zheng Ruo-xiang , Yu Ze-yu , Zhang Xiao-wen , Li Jing , Lan Hui-di , Qiao Shu-yu , Han Mei , Cao Hui-juan , Liu Jian-ping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Herpes zoster (HZ) is a common infection in individuals with immunocompromised immune systems, such as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been used widely in clinical practice for HZ, which remains not supportive from evidence. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of TCM in treating HIV-associated HZ.Methods: Eight electronic databases, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, WHO ICTRP, CENTRAL, PubMed, and clinicaltrials.gov, were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing TCM in treating HIV-associated HZ. Data were extracted on citations, study design, interventions, and outcomes. Cochrane risk of bias tool 2.0 were used for quality evaluation. We performed meta-analyses by Revman 5.3 software. Effect estimates were presented as risk ratio (RR) for dichotomous data and mean difference (MD) for continuous data with their 95% confidence interval (CI).Results: Twelve RCTs (644 patients) were included, majority of them had high or unclear risk of bias in terms. The result of meta-analysis showed that, pain intensity (VAS 0-5) in Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) group was lower than it in drugs group (MD=-0.87, 95%CI [-1.69, -0.04], 2 trials, n=93). Duration of herpes related pain (days) of patients in combination group was shorter than those in drugs group (MD=-9.19, 95%CI [-16.73, -1.65], n=144). The incidence of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in combination group was lower than it in drugs group (RR = 0.49, 95% CI [0.25, 0.99], n=202). As for cure rate (defined as complete absence of pain and herpes), 2 trials showed that CHM was better than drugs (RR = 1.58 , 95% CI [1.13, 2.22], n=93), 5 trials showed combination treatment was better than drugs (RR = 1.40, 95% CI = [1.08, 1.82], n=224). Cure rate in acupuncture group was more improved than that in drugs group (RR=1.99, 95%CI=[1.18, 3.36], n=120). Four trials reported adverse effects which found no serious adverse events occurred.Conclusion: Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture demonstrate more benefits than drugs in relieving pain, improving cure rate and reducing incidence of PHN for HIV-associated HZ. However, given to the limited data and various TCM therapies, the conclusions need to be verified in future trials.
Synergic Effects of Anticancer Peptide CIGB-552 and Cisplatin in Lung Cancer Models
Authors: Rodriguez Yolanda Gomez , Arguelles Brizaida Oliva , Romo Mario Riera , Fernandez-De-Cossio Jorge , Perez Hilda Elisa Garay , Masso Julio Raul Fernandez , Vallespi Maribel Guerra 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer constitutes one the most frequent and lethal forms of the disease. The antitumor peptide CIGB-552 is a new targeted anticancer therapy which molecular mechanism is associated with the inhibition of the transcription factor NF-kB, mediated by COMMD1 protein stabilization. However, its pharmacological potential in combination with chemotherapy is unknown. In this study, we examined the antiproliferative capacity of CIGB-552 in combination with chemotherapeutic agents in the non-small cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H460 and we confirmed drug interactions in vivo, in a mouse model of TC-1 lung cancer. We focus our research in the combination of CIGB-552 and the antineoplastic agent Cisplatin (CDDP) in a concomitant treatment. Our results demonstrate a clear synergic effect between 37.5 µM of CIGB-552 and 5 µM of CDDP under concomitant scheme, on proliferation inhibition, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction and oxidative stress response. The effect of CIGB-552 (1 mg/kg) and CDDP (0.4 mg/kg) administrated as a combined therapy was demonstrated in vivo in the TC-1 murine model where the combination achieved an effective antitumor response, without any deterioration signs or side effects. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of the concomitant combination of both drugs in preclinical studies and support the use of this therapy in clinical trials.
Structure-activity mapping of the peptide- and force-dependent landscape of T-cell activation
Authors: Fordyce Polly , Feng Yinnian , Zhao Xiang , White Adam , Garcia K. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Adaptive immunity relies on T lymphocytes that use αβ T-cell receptors (TCRs) to discriminate amongst peptides presented by MHC molecules (pMHCs). An enhanced ability to screen for pMHCs capable of inducing robust T-cell responses could have broad applications in diagnosing and treating immune diseases. T-cell activation in vivo relies on biomechanical forces to trigger activation by sparse antigenic pMHCs. However, in vitro screening tests potential pMHCs without force and at high (non-physiological) pMHC densities and thus often fails to predict potent agonists in vivo. Here, we present a technology that uses biomechanical force to initiate T-cell triggering in high throughput. BATTLES (Biomechanically-Assisted T-cell Triggering for Large-scale Exogenous-pMHC Screening) displays candidate pMHCs on spectrally encoded ‘smart beads’ capable of applying physiological loads to T cells, facilitating exploration of the force- and sequence-dependent landscape of T-cell responses. BATTLES can be used to explore basic T-cell mechanobiology and T cell-based immunotherapies.
The Effect of Photographic Light Exposure on Cup to Disc Ratio Grading
Authors: McSoley Matthew , Rosenfeld Eldar , Grajewski Alana , Chang Ta Chen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Digital optic disc images are integral in remote telehealthcare, yet no quality control standards exist for the exposure setting of the images. This study evaluated the relationship between exposure setting and cup/disc ratio (c/d) grading among glaucoma specialists. Methods: Color disc photos were taken of 50 eyes of pediatric patients under anesthesia at 3 light exposure settings: dark, medium, and bright. 9 glaucoma specialists evaluated the c/d of the imaged discs in random order. The relationships between the exposure levels and the c/d estimates as well as between c/d size and variability were evaluated.Results: A total of 150 photos of 50 optic discs were graded. The c/d estimates were significantly larger among bright when compared to photos taken at the medium exposure setting(0.53 vs 0.48, P < 0.001) as well as the dark exposure setting (0.47, P < 0.001). In addition, images with larger mean c/d did not show more variability amongst readers (P = 0.59). Conclusion: Image exposure affects c/d grading of nonstereoscopic disc images. The brighter exposure is associated with larger c/d grading. Exposure consistency is key in longitudinal care.
Survey on Phenotypic Resistance in Enterococcus Faecalis: Comparison of Expression of Biofilm Related Genes in Persister and Non Persister Cells
Authors: Kaviar Vahab Hasan , Khoshnood Saeed , kouhsari Ebrahim , Yarahmadi Sanaz , Maleki Abbas , Pakzad Iraj 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Currently, phenotypic resistance is a serious therapeutic challenge, and a definitive remedy has not been discovered yet. Biofilm formation and persister cells are two well-studied phenotypic resistance, leading to the recalcitrance and relapse of different chronic infections. It appears that the presence of persister cells in biofilm is the main factor in the relapse of infections and treatment failure. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the expression of biofilm-associated genes in persister and non-persister E. faecalis isolates.
Methods

Ninety-five clinical E. faecalis isolates were investigated using microtiter broth dilution (MBD) and microtiter plate (MTP) assay to determine the vancomycin-sensitive isolates and biofilm formation, respectively. To this end, 91 vancomycin-sensitive E. faecalis isolates (biofilm producers) were screened by PCR to determine the presence of biofilm-related genes (gelE, esp, and agg). The vancomycin-tolerant isolates were determined by MTP assay. Bacterial persister assay was performed using an enzymatic lysis assay. Finally, the expression of biofilm-related genes was evaluated in persisters and non-persister isolates of E. faecalis by real-time PCR assay.
Results

E. faecalis isolates indicated a high (95.8%) sensitivity to vancomycin. PCR assay identified gelE, esp, and agg genes in 91 (100%), 72(79.12), and 74(81.32) of isolates, respectively. All E. faecalis biofilm producers were tolerant to vancomycin, and minimum bactericidal concentration for biofilms (MBCB) was > 2500 µg/ml. Based on enzymatic lysis assay, among 91 isolates, only 3 persister were isolated. The increased expression level of biofilm-related genes was observed in persister than non-persister E. faecalis isolates.
Conclusion

The expression of biofilm-related genes is higher in persister than non-persister isolates of E. faecalis.
Multiple Kernel Learning with Maximum Inundation Extent from MODIS Imagery for Spatial Prediction of Flood Susceptibility
Authors: Hu Qiang , Zhu Yuelong , Hu Hexuan , Guan Zhuang , Qian Zeyu , Yang Aiming 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes a new technology of spatial prediction for flood susceptibility. Multiple kernel learning was used to build the flood susceptibility model and predict the flood inundation risk of the Sanhuajian Basin of the Yellow River. Based on the historical flow records of the Huayuankou Site and the MODIS remote sensing images of the study area, the maximum inundation range was extracted by the open water likelihood index method, and the flooded and non-flooded sample sites were selected. Considering the availability of pertinent literatures and data, ten flood conditioning factors were defined as the sample characteristics. The model performance was evaluated in terms of accuracy, F1 score, and AUC. According to the results, multiple kernel learning significantly outperforms the support vector machine adopting single kernel, and NLMKL demonstrates the best comprehensive performance. The flood susceptibility map generated by MODIS remote sensing images and multiple kernel learning, therefore, can provide effective help for researchers and decision makers in flood management.
Economic Consequences of Caesarean Section Delivery: Evidence From a Household Survey in Tanzania
Authors: Binyaruka Peter , Mori Amani Thomas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Caesarean section (C-section) delivery is an important indicator of access to life-saving essential obstetric care. Yet, there is limited understanding of the costs of utilising C-section delivery care in sub-Saharan Africa. Thus, we estimated the direct and indirect patient cost of accessing C-section in TanzaniaMethods: Cross-sectional survey data of 2012 was used, which covered 3000 households from 11 districts in three regions. We interviewed women who had given births in the last 12 months before the survey to capture their experience of care. We used a regression model to estimate the effect of C-section on costs, while inequality on C-section coverage and delivery costs were assessed with a concentration index. Results: C-section increased the likelihood of paying for health care by 16% compared to normal delivery. The additional cost of C-section compared to normal delivery was 20 USD, but reduced to about 11 USD when restricted to public facilities. Women with C-section delivery spent an extra 2 days at the health facility compared to normal delivery, but this was reduced slightly to 1.9 days in public facilities. The distribution of C-section coverage was significantly in favour of wealthier than poorest women (CI=0.2052, p<0.01), and this pro-rich pattern was consistent in rural districts but with unclear pattern in urban districts. Conclusions: C-section is a life-saving intervention but is associated with significant economic burden especially among the poor families. More health resources are needed for provision of free maternal care, reduce inequality in access and improve birth outcomes in Tanzania.
School Attendance Prediction among Students with Autism: A Deep Learning-based Framework
Authors: Jarbou Mohammed , Won Daehan , Gillis Jennifer , Romanczyk Raymond 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the areas of social communication and behavior. The term “spectrum” refers to the wide range of symptoms observed across individuals with ASD. Many children with ASD experience difficulty with daily functioning at school andhome. ASD prevalenceincreases in the United States, with the most recent prevalence of 1.9%. Given the wide range of social and learning, difficulties experienced by children with ASD, it is paramount that they are able to attend school to receive the appropriate range of interventions. School absenteeism (SA) is a significant concern given its association with many negativeconsequences such as school drop-out.Early prediction of SA would help school districtto implement effective interventions to ameliorate this issue. Due to its heterogeneity, students with ASD show within-group differences concerning their SA. This research introduces a deep learning-based framework for predicting short-and long-term SA of students with ASD. The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm is used to predict short-term SA. Similarly, Multilayer Perceptron(MLP) and Random Forest (RF) algorithms are used to predict long-term SA. The proposed framework achieves a high accuracy of 89% and 90% to predict short-term and long-term SA, respectively.
Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Epilobium Amurense Subsp. Cephalostigma (Hausskn.) C. J. Chen, Hoch &amp; P. H. Raven via Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 and Inhibition of NF-κB/p38 MAPK Signaling in LPS-Stimulated Macrophages
Authors: Cheon Se-Yun , Kang Hyun-Ae , Jin Bo-Ram , Park Yea-Jin , Kim Hyo-Jung , An Ren-Bo , Kim Soo-Yong , An Hyo-Jin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The genus Epilobium consists of approximately 200 species that are distributed worldwide. Some of these herbs have been used for the treatment of diarrhea, infection, irritation, and other disorders associated with inflammation. Unlike that of other Epilobium species, there is little scientific understanding of the pharmacological effect of Epilobium amurense subsp. cephalostigma (Hausskn.) C. J. Chen, Hoch & P. H. Raven. Methods: In this study, we demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties of an E. amurense 95% ethanol extract (EACEE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and observed the underlying mechanism of this effect. We measured the productions of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species, and examined the actions of EACEE on transcription factors in the macrophages.Results: EACEE reduced NO production and inducible nitric oxide synthase protein levels via the inhibition of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway. Additionally, EACEE suppressed redundant reactive oxygen species production and regulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) signaling. Furthermore, EACEE significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Conclusions: Overall, these results indicate that EACEE exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects via the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibition of NF-κB/p38 MAPK signaling.
Identification of Potential Shade Response Regulators in Endangered Species Magnolia Sinostellata
Authors: Lu Danying , Yu Qin , Liu Zhigao , Ren Mingjie , Wang Yaling , Zhang Shouzhou , Wu Chao , Shen Yamei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Magnolia sinostellata is one of the endangered species in China and largely grows under canopy shade. However, the shade response molecular mechanism remains unclear. To explore potential regulators in the mechanism, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to analysis the trancriptome data of M. sinostellata leaves subjected to shading with different time. Gene co-expression analysis illustrated that lightsteelblue1, paleturquoise, darkolivegreen modules are closely associated with shade treatment. Gene ontology and KEGG analyses showed that genes in lightsteelblue1 module mostly participated in amino and nucleotide metabolism, genes in paleturquoise module mostly involved in carbon fixation and genes in darkolivegreen module mainly participated in photosynthesis related pathways. Through Cytoscape3.8.2, we identified 6, 7 and 8 hub genes in lightsteelblue1 module, paleturquoise module and darkolivegreen module, respectively. This study found that shading impacted photosynthesis, carbon assimilation and flowering of M. sinostellata. In addition, key shade response regulators identified in this study have laid a firm foundation for further investigation of shade response molecular mechanism and protection of shade sensitive plants.
A persistent ultraviolet outflow from the accretion disc in a transient neutron star binary
Authors: Segura Noel Castro , Knigge Christian , Long Knox , Altamirano Diego , Padilla Montserrat Armas , Bailyn Charles , Buckley David , Buisson Douglas , Casares Jorge , Charles Phil , Combi Jorge , Cúneo Virginia A. , Degenaar Nathalie , Palacio Santiago del , Trigo Maria Diaz , Fender Rob , Gandhi Poshak , Gutíerrez Claudia , Santisteban Juan Hernández , Ibarra Felipe Jiménez , Matthews James , Mendez Mariano , Middleton Matthew , Darias Teo Muñoz , Arabaci Mehtap Özbey , Pahari Mayukh , Rhodes Lauren , Russell Thomas , Scaringi Simone , Eijden Jakob van den , Vasilopolulos Georgios , Vincentelli Federico , Wiseman Phil 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
All disc-accreting astrophysical objects also produce powerful disc winds and/or jets. In compact binaries containing neutron stars or black holes, accretion often takes place during violent outbursts. The main disc wind signatures seen during these eruptions are blue-shifted X-ray absorption lines. However, these signatures are only observed during "soft states", when the accretion disc generates most of the luminosity. By contrast, optical wind-formed absorption lines have recently been detected in "hard states", when the luminosity is dominated by a hot corona. The relationship between these disc wind signatures is unknown, and no erupting compact binary has so far been observed to display wind-formed lines between the X-ray and optical bands, despite the many strong resonance transitions in this ultraviolet (UV) region of the spectrum. In turn, the impact of disc winds on the overall mass and energy budget of these systems remains a key open question. Here, we show that the transient neutron star X-ray binary Swift J1858.6-0814 exhibits wind-formed, blue-shifted absorption features associated with C IV, N V and He II in time-resolved, UV spectroscopy obtained with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space Telescope during a luminous hard state. In simultaneous ground-based observations, the optical H and He I lines also display transient blue-shifted absorption troughs. By decomposing our UV data into constant and flaring components, we demonstrate that the blue-shifted absorption is associated with the former, which implies that the outflow is always present. The joint presence of UV and optical wind features in the hard state reveals a multi-phase and/or spatially stratified evaporative outflow from the outer disc. This type of persistent mass loss across all accretion states has been predicted by radiation-hydrodynamic simulations and is required to account for the shorter-than-expected outburst durations.