bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the presence of Puccinellia pungens (Pau) Paunero (Gramineae) in Murcia (Spain)
Authors: López-García David , Cánovas José Luis , Jiménez Juan Francisco , Robles Jesús , Sánchez Gómez Pedro 
Published: March 2021

Se da a conocer una cita novedosa de Puccinellia pungens en la Región de Murcia. Además, se comentan diversos aspectos sobre la evolución de la población, amenazas y estado de conservación.
New chorological data for Puccinellia pungens in the Region of Murcia are presented. Furthermore, several aspects regarding the evolution of the population, threats and state of conservation are discussed.
Rebuilding Central Park
Authors: Rogers Elizabeth Barlow 
Published: March 2021

Illustrated throughout with 2-color and tinted maps and drawings and numerous photographs, Rebuilding Central Park is the first close examination of these invaluable 843 acres in more than a century.
Central Park's legacy is unique. It was America's first great open space designed specifically for public use, inspiring the creation of hundreds of other municipal parks across the nation and spawning the profession of landscape architecture in the United States. This plan for the restoration, conservation, and management of the Park is the most comprehensive program of research, restoration, and management ever applied to a great historic landscape. It is significant in its broad concept of curatorship and provides a model for approaching and carrying out any work of scenic restoration; several of the projects it advocates to reverse the Park's steady decline are in progress or have already been completed.
Illustrated throughout with 2-color and tinted maps and drawings and numerous photographs, Rebuilding Central Park is the first close examination of these invaluable 843 acres in more than a century. It unfolds a masterful design and management plan to overcome the effects of years of city budget cuts, natural aging, and human use and abuse.The book opens with a discussion of the principles and philosophy of the original design by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux and a history of the Park's management. It assesses the Park's distinct but interrelated systems - circulation, topography, vegetation, and wildlife - and presents a sector-by-sector analysis of 21 project areas. Problems and their causes are discussed on every level as are proposals for solving them.
Sections of the book take up the restoration of such historic structures as the cast-iron bridges, stone arches and Victorian Gothic Belvedere and Dairy, which were features of the original Olmsted design; and the conservation of such varied landscapes as the Ramble, the East Meadow, the Great Hill, and Strawberry Fields. Maps reveal the kinds and pace of park activities, patterns of circulation - drives, paths, trails, lighting and visitor amenities - ground plans, vegetation, and historic and present tree canopy as well as the Park rebuilt. There are many recommendations, including recommendations for maintenance and security. A separate chapter describes the methodology used for approaching and carrying out this, and any other, major work of landscape restoration.
Enhancing EFL Freshman Students' Reading Skills with Inspirational Quotes
Authors: Al-Jarf Reima 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Many ESL college students have reading comprehension problems in English, such as difficulty understanding ideas explicitly or implicitly stated in a text, making inferences, and inferring meanings of difficult words from context.
Aims: The article proposes the integration of inspirational quotes in the teaching of English to EFL college students as a supplement to in-class instruction and the textbook, and shows the advantages of integrating inspirational quotes in reading instruction.
Materials, Tasks, and Instructional Phases: The article shows the sources of inspirational quotes; criteria for selecting inspirational quotes; reading skills that can be developed with inspirational quotes (literal, inferential, critical comprehension and appreciation; decoding, using phonic, morphological, semantic, and syntactic clues; deriving word meaning from context; understanding certain grammatical structures such as idioms, ellipsis and participial phrases; locating anaphoric relationships and making inferences). The instructor can use a Facebook page, an online course, or an online discussion forum to post the inspirational quotes and tasks. Reading instruction with inspirational quotes goes through three phases: (i) Before reading an inspirational quote, the instructor introduces the inspirational quote, gives a vocabulary overview and pre-questions, and sets goals for the tasks. (ii) While reading an inspirational quote, the students read for the general topic, pay attention to specific vocabulary, imagery and figures of speech, and use contextual clues to infer the meaning of difficult words. (iii) After reading an inspirational quote, the students discuss answers, summarize or retell the topic orally, comment on it, give their impression and the moral or lesson learnt. The instructor serves as a facilitator. She guides the students, encourages them, and gives feedback on weaknesses and areas of improvement.
Reflections and Recommendation: Students’ responses to a questionnaire-survey revealed positive attitudes towards practicing reading with inspirational quotes. They found them beneficial in promoting their reading skills. Recommendations for creating an inspirational quote repository are given.
Studies on the Effect of Training Systems on Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cv. Malini Grown under Protected Conditions
Authors: Shivaraj D. , Prasanth P. , Lakshminarayana D. , Ramesh T. 
Published: March 2021

The present investigation was conducted during 2016 and 2017 in Greenhouse at Vegetable Research Block, College of Horticulture Mojerla, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Mulugu to clear the delusion among the farmers on the effect of different training systems on cucumber grown under protected conditions. The experiment comprised of a total of twelve treatments; Three training systems viz., T1 (Single Head Training System), T2 (Umbrella Training System), and T3 (Low Middle Training System) were followed. Training T1 was best in regards to vegetative and yield attributing traits. Among the treatments of training the maximum numbers of fruits per vine (23.08), yield per vine (5.90 kg), yield per hectare (133.08 t/ha), marketable yield (128.02 t/ha) and lowest percentage of deformed fruits (4.01%) were recorded in T1. Data on vine length and leaf area at different intervals of growth phase were recorded and results indicated that they differed significantly for both parameters T1 recorded highest value. The results obtained showed the maximum output from single head training system (T1) indicating its significance.
Effect of Thermal Stimulation on Gene Expression Related to Skeletal Muscle-derived Cell Density
Authors: Nagai Masayo , Kaji Hidesuke 
Published: March 2021

Aims: Our previous study demonstrated favorable changes in plasma protein levels such as adiponectin by fomentation in healthy people. We also reported that the thermal stimulation caused changes of mRNA levels to prevent atherosclerosis in human skeletal muscle-derived cell (SMDC). However, cell number decreased to 74.6% by heat stimulation. In order to clarify this mechanism, we investigated whether the heat stimulation affects the levels of mRNA related to cell density or number of SMDC.
Study Design: Experimental study comparing transcriptome between cells cultured at higher temperature and control cells.
Place and Duration of Study: From September 2015 to March 2017, Division of Physiology and Metabolism, University of Hyogo.
Methodology: SMDC was cultured at 42°C and 37°C and its gene expression was analyzed by using microarray technique.
Results: Thermal stimulation of SMDC significantly altered the expression of 10 genes related to apoptosis, 1 gene related to cell division and 1 gene related to cell adhesion. mRNA expression of apoptosis promoting gene, such as THAP2 (THAP domain containing, apoptosis associated protein 2), PDCD6 (programmed cell death 6), BCL2L13 (BCL2-like 13), LOC728613 (programmed cell death 6 pseudogene), CASP4 (caspase 4), and FAS (Fas cell surface death, receptor) was up-regulated. On the other hand, PAWR (PRKC, apoptosis, WT1, regulator) was downregulated, and mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic genes, such as NOL3 (nucleolar protein 3), CIAPIN1 (cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1) and NAIF1 (nuclear apoptosis inducing factor1), was up-regulated, Gene Ontology analysis showed alterations in the expression of genes that promote apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Pathway analysis demonstrated the pathways that promote apoptosis, stimulate cell growth and negatively or positively regulate cell adhesion.
Conclusion: The present study suggested that thermal stimulation of SMDC might predominantly promote apoptosis from consistent changes in related gene expression by any analysis.
Ultrasound-guided Paravertebral Block Versus Intravenous Sedative Analgesic using Midazolam /Fentanyl in Patients Undergoing Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy
Authors: Elaiashy Fatma M. , Elyazd Mohamed M. Abu , Eldaba Ahmed A. , Gameel Tarek A. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) produces ipsilateral somatic and sympathetic nerve blockade in multiple contiguous dermatomes both above and below the site of injection.
The Aim of This Study: was to compare the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided TPVB versus intravenous (IV) sedative analgesic using midazolam / fentanyl in patients undergoing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) procedure.
Patients and Methods: This prospective, randomized study was carried out on sixty patients aged 20-60 years, with radio-opaque renal stone not more than1.5cm. TPVB group (30 patients) received ipsilateral ultrasound-guided TPVB at the level T9-T10 using bupivacaine 0.25% (20 mL) about 30 minutes before the ESWL. Midazolam/fentanyl group (30 patients) received sedatives analgesic drugs using IV midazolam (0.05 mg / kg) and fentanyl (1 µg/kg) about 5 min before the ESWL. The VAS score during and 30 min post procedure, total dose of rescue analgesic consumption during ESWL procedure, the success rate of ESWL, the time needed to stone clearance, patient and operator satisfaction scores were recorded.
Result: During and after ESWL procedure, the VAS scores were significantly higher in midazolam/fentanyl group than TPVB group (P < 0.05). The number of patients required rescue analgesic during ESWL was significantly higher in midazolam/fentanyl group compared to TPVB group (P < 0.05).The success rate of ESWL was insignificantly different between both groups (P > 0.05). The time needed to stone clearance was significantly shorter in TPVB group compared to midazolam/fentanyl group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided TPVB provided more effective analgesia with reduced number of ESWL sessions and shorter time to renal stone clearance than IV midazolam/fentanyl.
Evaluation of Intralesional Injection of 5-fluorouracil in Treatment of Vitiligo
Authors: Anber D. M. Abo , Ali D. A. Mohammed , El-Tatawy R. A. , Elgarhy L. H. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Vitiligo is a chronic cutaneous disease characterized by depigmented patches that leave psychological impact on the patients. New treatment modalities have been developed to improve the results vitiligo with less side effects.
Objective: To evaluate intralesional injection of 5-fluorouracil in treatment of vitiligo.
Patients and Methods: The study included 20 localized stable vitiligo patients. Each patient was treated with intralesional injection of 5-fluorouracil every 2 weeks for 3 sessions followed by narrow band sessions twice weekly for 3 months.
Results: There was statistically significant repigmentation after treatment with intralesional 5-FU (mean of 50.30 ± 34.60, P value =0.001 Wilcoxon signed ranks test between before and after). 55% of patients showed >50% repigmentation. after 3 months therapy. Side effects were minimal and transient.
Conclusion: Intralesional injection of 5-FU is safe and effective in the treatment of vitiligo.
Effect of Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine in Preventing Intra-operative Shivering after Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Ibrahim Hossam Ibrahim , Elashry Hesham Elsayed , Rahman Reda Sobhy Abdel , Shalaby Osama Mahmoud 
Published: March 2021

Background: Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has sedative, analgesic, sympatholytic, anesthetic-sparing and hemodynamic-stabilizing properties. This study aims to evaluate the effects of intrathecal DEX as an adjuvant to hyperbaric bupivacaine in the prevention of shivering in patients who underwent surgeries under Intrathecal anesthesia.
Methods: A prospective double-blind, controlled, randomized study was conducted on 100 patients aged above 21 years old, ASA I & II undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgeries under intrathecal anesthesia. Patients were subdivided randomly into 2 equal group; Group Bupivacaine-Dexmedetomidine (BD): 5 µg dexmedetomidine diluted in 0.5 ml 0.9% normal saline was added to 12.5 mg heavy bupivacaine 0.5% and Group Bupivacaine (B): 0.5 ml 0.9% normal saline was added to 12.5mg heavy bupivacaine 0.5% (3ml volume).
Results: Shivering occurred in 9 patients (18%) in group BD and 23 patients (46%) in group B with a significant decrease in group BD compared to group B (P = 0.003). The relative risk of developing shivering was decreased 53% (95% Confidence Interval: 74 – 16%) with group BD compared to group B. Tsai and Chu score was significantly better in group BD (P = 0.013).
Conclusion: The use of intrathecal DEX (5μg) in conjugation with heavy bupivacaine help decrease the incidence and intensity of shivering when compared with heavy bupivacaine alone in surgeries under spinal anesthesia.
Missing piece of top predator‐based conservation: Demographic analysis of an owl population on a remote subtropical island
Authors: Sawada Akira , Iwasaki Tetsuya , Inoue Chitose , Nakaoka Kana , Nakanishi Takumi , Sawada Junpei , Aso Narumi , Nagai Syuya , Ono Haruka , Takagi Masaoki 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTop predators are frequently the target of conservation programs. Owls are such predators. However, previous studies of owls are biased to species occurring in temperate regions, whereas most owl species occur in tropical or subtropical regions and are understudied. Furthermore, owls are often endemic to islands and of unknown conservation status. Demographic data for such species are especially scarce although they are essential for initiating and promoting their conservation. As a case study of demographic analysis of owls in a tropical or subtropical area and on islands, we applied an integrated population model to 7‐year monitoring data (2012–2018) of the Ryukyu Scops Owl population on Minami‐daito Island, Japan. We used survival history data from 903 individuals, reproduction and sex ratio data from 213 broods, and count data of 2,526 individuals in total. Long‐term averages of annual survival rates were 0.73 for adult females and 0.74 for adult males, although the sexual difference was not significant. Sex ratio estimates fluctuated annually and long‐term averages were slightly skewed to males: 0.51 among fledglings, 0.54 among yearlings, and 0.52 among adults. Long‐term averages of population size were estimated to be 273.4 females and 296.8 males. The long‐term average of population growth rate was 0.98, suggesting a slightly declining trend. It was fortunate to recognize the declining trend during the early phase. Considering the general lack of fundamental ecological data on owls of tropical or subtropical areas and on islands, it seems likely that many endangered owl populations await conservation efforts.
Machine Learning–Based Individualized Survival Prediction Model for Total Knee Replacement in Osteoarthritis: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Authors: Jamshidi Afshin , Pelletier Jean‐Pierre , Labbe Aurelie , Abram François , Martel‐Pelletier Johanne , Droit Arnaud 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveBy using machine learning, our study aimed to build a model to predict risk and time to total knee replacement (TKR) of an osteoarthritic knee.MethodsFeatures were from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) cohort at baseline. Using the lasso method for variable selection in the Cox regression model, we identified the 10 most important characteristics among 1,107 features. The prognostic power of the selected features was assessed by the Kaplan‐Meier method and applied to 7 machine learning methods: Cox, DeepSurv, random forests algorithm, linear/kernel support vector machine (SVM), and linear/neural multi‐task logistic regression models. As some of the 10 first‐found features included similar radiographic measurements, we further looked at using the least number of features without compromising the accuracy of the model. Prediction performance was assessed by the concordance index, Brier score, and time‐dependent area under the curve (AUC).ResultsTen features were identified and included radiographs, bone marrow lesions of the medial condyle on magnetic resonance imaging, hyaluronic acid injection, performance measure, medical history, and knee‐related symptoms. The methodologies Cox, DeepSurv, and linear SVM demonstrated the highest accuracy (concordance index scores of 0.85, Brier score of 0.02, and an AUC of 0.87). DeepSurv was chosen to build the prediction model to estimate the time to TKR for a given knee. Moreover, we were able to decrease the features to only 3 and maintain the high accuracy (concordance index of 0.85, Brier score of 0.02, and AUC of 0.86), which included bone marrow lesions, Kellgren/Lawrence grade, and knee‐related symptoms, to predict risk and time of a TKR event.ConclusionFor the first time, we developed a model using the OAI cohort to predict with high accuracy if a given osteoarthritic knee would require TKR, when a TKR would be required, and who would likely progress fast toward this event.
Atomic‐Layer‐Deposition‐Based 2D Transition Metal Chalcogenides: Synthesis, Modulation, and Applications
Authors: Kim Youngjun , Woo Whang Je , Kim Donghyun , Lee Sangyoon , Chung Seung‐min , Park Jusang , Kim Hyungjun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTransition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) are a large family of 2D materials with different properties, and are promising candidates for a wide range of applications such as nanoelectronics, sensors, energy conversion, and energy storage. In the research of new materials, the development and investigation of industry‐compatible synthesis techniques is of key importance. In this respect, it is important to study 2D TMC materials synthesized by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique, which is widely applied in industries. In addition to the synthesis of 2D TMCs, ALD is used to modulate the characteristic of 2D TMCs such as their carrier density and morphology. So far, the improvement of thin film uniformity without oxidation and the synthesis of low‐dimensional nanomaterials on 2D TMCs have been the research focus. Herein, the synthesis and modulation of 2D TMCs by ALD is described, and the characteristics of ALD‐based TMCs used in nanoelectronics, sensors, and energy applications are discussed.
A Tensile‐Strained Pt–Rh Single‐Atom Alloy Remarkably Boosts Ethanol Oxidation
Authors: Luo Shuiping , Zhang Long , Liao Yujia , Li Lanxi , Yang Qi , Wu Xiaotong , Wu Xiaoyu , He Dongsheng , He Chunyong , Chen Wen , Wu Qilong , Li Mingrui , Hensen Emiel J. M. , Quan Zewei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe rational design and control of electrocatalysts at single‐atomic sites could enable unprecedented atomic utilization and catalytic properties, yet it remains challenging in multimetallic alloys. Herein, the first example of isolated Rh atoms on ordered PtBi nanoplates (PtBi‐Rh1) by atomic galvanic replacement, and their subsequent transformation into a tensile‐strained Pt–Rh single‐atom alloy (PtBi@PtRh1) via electrochemical dealloying are presented. Benefiting from the Rh1‐tailored Pt (110) surface with tensile strain, the PtBi@PtRh1 nanoplates exhibit record‐high and all‐round superior electrocatalytic performance including activity, selectivity, stability, and anti‐poisoning ability toward ethanol oxidation in alkaline electrolytes. Density functional theory calculations reveal the synergism between effective Rh1 and tensile strain in boosting the adsorption of ethanol and key surface intermediates and the CC bond cleavage of the intermediates. The facile synthesis of the tensile‐strained single‐atom alloy provides a novel strategy to construct model nanostructures, accelerating the development of highly efficient electrocatalysts.
Insight into Nickel‐Cobalt Oxysulfide Nanowires as Advanced Anode for Sodium‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Wang Shouzhi , Zhao Huaping , Lv Songyang , Jiang Hehe , Shao Yongliang , Wu Yongzhong , Hao Xiaopeng , Lei Yong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTransition metal oxides have a great potential in sodium‐ion capacitors (SICs) due to their pronouncedly higher capacity and low cost. However, their poor conductivity and fragile structure hinder their development. Herein, core‐shell‐like nickel‐cobalt oxysulfide (NCOS) nanowires are synthesized and demonstrated as an advanced SICs anode. The bimetallic oxysulfide with multiple cation valence can promote the sodium ion adsorption and redox reaction, massive defects enable accommodation of the volume change in the sodiation/desodiation process, meanwhile the core‐shell‐like structure provides abundant channels for fast transfer of sodium ions, thereby synergistically making the NCOS electrode exhibit a high reversible sodium ion storage capacity (1468.5 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1) and an excellent cyclability (90.5% capacity retention after 1000 cycles). The in‐situ X‐ray diffraction analysis unravels the insertion and conversion mechanism for sodium storage in NCOS, and the enhanced capability of NCOS is further verified by the kinetic analysis and theoretical calculations. Finally, SICs consisting of the NCOS anode and a boron‐nitrogen co‐doped carbon nanotubes cathode deliver an energy density of 205.7 Wh kg−1, a power density of 22.5 kW kg−1, and an outstanding cycling lifespan. These results indicate an efficient strategy in designing a high‐performance anode for sodium storage based on bimetallic dianion compounds.