bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRENDS OF THE AIR POLLUTION LEVEL IN THE INDUSTRIAL AREA OF TARGOVISTE CITY
Authors: Gorghiu G. , Nicolescu Carmen Leane , Ivaşcu Elena 
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, the management of the air pollution is a very important key for a strong and sustainable development process in the areas of Dambovita county and Targoviste city. It is known that in the industrial part of Targoviste, two ferrous industrial plants are the main pollutants with powders and one enterprise is responsible by the pollution with exhausted gases. Near the city, in Doicesti village, a power coal-based plant is the major pollutant with powders and exhausted gases. More than that, the heavy road traffic remains one of the most important responsible for the atmospheric pollution.
Estimating the pollution levels became an important goal for the factors involved in the environmental protection. Trying to join this kind of research, the paper presents some results concerning the trends of the air pollution level in the industrial area of Targoviste city, proposing also some kind of models. Those models were deducted by the regression calculus and linear, polynomial, logarithmic, exponential and power equations were used for expressing realistic or non-realistic models. Traditional for the regression calculus, the coefficient of determination showed how closely the estimated values for the trend-lines correspond to the analyzed data.
THE INFLUENCE OF ADDITIONAL SOWING AND FERTILIZATION ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE GRASSY COVER OF PERMANENT MEADOWS FROM THE SLĂNIC-BUZĂU AREA
Authors: Chelariu Elena Liliana , Draghia Lucia , Paraschiv Nicoleta Luminiţa , Avarvarei B. V. , Volf Mariana 
Published: December 2021

In the present paper the authors present the effect of additional sowing and fertilization on the grassy cover structure of a permanent meadow form the hilly and mountain area of Slănic-Buzău basin.
Additional sowing was done with a mixture formed by 70% grasses and 305 legumes.
Fertilization was made with chemical fertilizers based on N, P, K in different doses and combinations, manure (20 and 30 t/ha) and vinassa (4, 5, 6 and 7 t/ha) on a phosphorous agri-fund.
At the end of our researches we observed that by additional sowing increased the percentage of legumes in the grassy cover, decreased the participation of the plants from other groups, and the quality of fodder was also improved.
Fertilization influenced in a small manner the structure of grassy cover.
On the mountain meadows the changes in the grassy cover structure were much more stronger in comparison with the ones on the hilly meadows.
THE EVALUATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT PERFORMANCES AND RESERCES FOR THE ALLINIAMENT TO THE UE DEMANDS OF FISICO CHEMICALS PARAMETERS OF CATURED AND EVACUATED WATER OUT OF THE ENERGETIC BLOCKS
Authors: Gavrilescu Elena , Brindusa Andreea , Gavrilescu B. F. 
Published: December 2021

Industry, inclusive the energetic area , is a large consumer of industrial sweet water. This thing leads to:
-the nessecity of implementing solutions and technical methods which can stop the increasing path of industrial water consum;
- the necessity of cleaning and refinemet of industrial water in performant Stations industrial waters.
This thing is possible only through an unitary policy in the quality water domain, at a national level, according to UE demands.
The fisico chemical parameters define in a large extent the quality of industrial water and because of that it is necessary their follow up permanently both in the canals of approach as the canals of delivery pipes at the large consumers and defilers of such resources. The marked physical chemical parameters ,in the case of Energetic Complexes with large installed power namely E. C. Craiova- Isalnita, E. C. Rovinari are: water temperature; water conductivity; total materials in water suspension; water fix residue; ph; water alkalescency, water acidity.
EARTHWORMS AFFECT MINERALIZATION OF DIFFERENT ORGANIC AMENDMENTS IN A MICROCOSM STUDY
Authors: Sandor M. , Schrader S. 
Published: December 2021

The efficiency of organic amendment applications as a sustainable practice is directly related with activity of soil organisms and their interactions. Earthworms (Lumbricidae) are one of the most important group of soil organisms, which can critically affect organic matter mineralization by incorporating, decomposing and redistributing soil surface organic matter.
To study the decomposition and mineralization of two organic amendments (i.e. barley straw and cattle manure) a number of 30 microcosms was set up using polypropylene tubes filled with soil (FAO: luvisol). Half of the microcosms were inoculated with two species of earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris and Aporrectodea caliginosa), while half remained without animals. Different lengths of 13C labelled barley straw and cattle manure were put on the surface of each column. After 45 days of incubation, the organic matter consumption was recorded and earthworm casts and soil (top 10 cm) were analysed.
The results showed that the organic matter consumption rate is higher in manure treatments compared with straw treatments. The amount of consumed manure was about 63% from added quantity in earthworm treatments, respectively 26% in control treatments. The straw consumption rate was far less only 19% and 20% of added straw being consumed in earthworm treatments, respectively 13% and 15% in control treatments. However, the earthworms preferred a straw length of 2.5 cm.
Earthworm activity stimulated microbial biomass, improved Nt and N-NO3- content of the soil and reduced C/N ratio.
CONSIDERATIONS ON RECYCLING POSSIBILITIES OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL WASTES BY ANAEROBIC DIGESTION TREATMENT
Authors: Morar Maria V. 
Published: December 2021

In our country, the developments of the measures for the prevention of the environmental pollution are aligning to the UE Directives. The costs for the treatment of the water wastes are continuously increasing, following to the also increasing of the investments costs. Therefore it is necessary to accord attention for the alternatives of cleaning, treating, respective recycling of the agro-industrial wastes and their reintroduction in the natural circuit.
At the processing of the food results wastes with high organic charge. The effluents form the processing of dairy products, sugar, starch, beer yeasts as well as breweries or distilleries are getting fast into acids fermentation, finally resulting organic acids. Such process water wastes can be released in the canalization by dilution or by a suitable treating. As an example, for the distillery wastes (distillery slops) with a high dry matter contents (4-20%), the waste water treatment plant shall be designed properly (with mechanical separation step and biological treatment) to ensure the capacity of purifying according to the high flow and increased concentration, due to the high CBOD5 concentration. The treatment of such water wastes can be realized with aerobic processes, which suppose a high energetic consumption. While in the aerobic purifying processes 50 % of the CBOD5 is involved in the forming of biomass and slurry in excess, in the anaerobic treatment processes (anaerobic or methane digestion) a high part of the substrate (until 70 %) is metabolized through the metabolic transformation of bacterial flora, with production of biogas. Therefore, the concentrated water wastes, with potential for the energy production could offer a possibility of energy replacement in the own processing units.
The paper presents a review of the anaerobic digestion for different wastes from the agro-industrial processing and their potential for the biogas production. There are presented possibilities of mixture, respectively of co-digestion of different wastes the agro-industrial processing with other wastes from the agriculture (from cereals processing, biomass, manure etc). Simultaneously biogas plants from the praxis with functioning characteristics are presented.
ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES EVALUATION FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF APPLE VINEGAR WITH UNALCOHOLIC RED WINE CONCENTRATES ADDITION
Authors: Poiană Mariana Atena , Gergen I. , Moigrădean Diana , Târu Viorica , Dogaru Diana 
Published: December 2021

In this paper it was obtained the apple vinegar with addition of red wines concentrates in different percents for to improve the antioxidant properties. For processing of red wine concentrates it was used the young red wines Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon. For resulted vinegar types were analyzed total acidity, extract, total antioxidant capacity (using FRAP method), total polyphenols amount (by Folin-Ciocalteu method) and monomeric anthocyanins (using pH-differential method).
Polyphenols content from vinegar with Cabernet Sauvignon concentrates addition was situated in the range 0.74-3.42 mM gallic acid/L and for vinegar with red wine Merlot concentrates addition between 0.74-2.64 mM gallic acid/L. The antioxidant capacity was presented the values between 0.45-8.18 mM Fe2+/L for apple vinegar with Cabernet Sauvignon concentrates addition and between 0.45-6.69 mM Fe2+/L for vinegar with Merlot concentrate addition. The polyphenols content and monomeric anthocyanins content of apple vinegars with red wine concentrates increase in rapport with the percent of red wines concentrates added. The values of polyphenols content and total antioxidant capacity were more with approximate 20% in the case of vinegar with Cabernet Sauvignon concentrates addition comparatively with the case of vinegar with Merlot concentrates addition.
ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES EVALUATION FOR SOME KERNEL FRUITS OILS COMPARATIVELLY WITH VEGETABLE TRADITIONAL OILS
Authors: Popa Viorica Mirela , Poiana Mariana Atena , Jianu I. C. , Moigradean Diana , Raba Nicoleta Diana 
Published: December 2021

In this paper was evaluation the antioxidant properties expressed as total antioxidant capacity (by FRAP method), and total polyphenols content (by Folin-Ciocalteu method) for fruit kernel oils (plum and apricot kernel oils) and for traditionally vegetable oils (olive oil, sunflower oil and pumpkin oil).
The antioxidant capacity for plum kernel oil varied between 0.423-1.895 mM Fe2+/L for apricot kernel oil between 0.345-1.765 mM Fe2+/L, for olive oil in the range 0.284-1.56 mM Fe2+/L and for sunflower and pumpkin oil between 1.86-2.79 mM Fe2+/L.
The values obtained for polyphenols content were situated in the range 0.58-2.85 mM gallic acid /L for fruits kernel oils and between 0.387-2.289 mM gallic acid/L) for traditional vegetable oils.
The antioxidant capacity was highly correlated with the polyphenols amount (correlation coefficient R= 0.92844 for plum kernel oil, R=0.88161 for apricol kernel oil, R=0.97567 for olive oil, R=0.99897 for sunflower and pumpkin oil).
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF AN HPLC-DAD METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF BENZOIC ACID IN TOMATO SAUCE AND KETCHUP
Authors: Nour Violeta , Trandafir I. , Ionică Mira Elena 
Published: December 2021

According to Directive 95/2/EC dated on 20.02.1995 of the European Union (EU), the benzoic acid belongs to the preservatives allowed conditionally, and the quantity of benzoic acid added to foods is restricted by upper limits. There are many methods available for the analysis of benzoic acid in foods and the decision as to what method should be used depends on the matrix to be analyzed. Most of the methods are for liquids and further method development may be required to adapt these methods to be applicable for all matrices.
As all tomato sauce and ketchup available on our market are made with benzoic acid addition and their consumption is high, the operational parameters leading to the development of a method for the analysis of benzoic acid within tomato sauce and ketchup have been studied, the technique used is the high performance liquid chromatography together with diode array detection (DAD). It has been tried to validate the analysis method settled, in terms of sensitivity, linearity range, reproducibility, repeatability and recovery. The method provides a stable retention time and a limit of detection of 0.8 mg/kg in the sample at a signal to noise ratio of 3.
For analysis, the sample is extracted or diluted with water, and the solution of the sample with the benzoic acid is purified by an extraction with Carrez reagents. The benzoic acid in the sample test solution is separated on a C18 chromatography column in a reversed phase, detected by absorbance at the wavelength of 217 nm and quantified with a calibration graph.
NEW UTILIZATIONS OF BUCKWHEAT BEANS EXPANDED IN SUGAR PRODUCTS INDUSTRY
Authors: Racolţa E. , Muste Sevastiţa , Şteţca G. , Ţibulcă D. 
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to present the researches carried on the buckwheat (Fagopyrum sagittatum Gilib., sin.Fagopyrum esculentum Monich. Based on the nutritional value relatively close to the other cereal beans used in man`s nourishment, the buckwheat grains are on the future raw materials for the production of expanded cereals in the food industry.
The research has been performed on the buckwheat of local population, of the crop of the year 2001 by achieving the most adequate physical parameters for expanding: roasting time (factor A), steam pressure (factor B) and steam impregnation time (factor C).
For the assessment of the factors influence throughout several graduations, we have used the EVOP statistical processing method and variance method. The best outcomes whereby the grain volume has increased by 10,25 times, have been obtained when combining the factors: A = 12 min., B = 10 atm., C = 3 min.
RESEARCHES ON SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF PHYTOSTEROLS FROM TALL OIL IN A VIEW OF FUNCTIONAL FOOD SUPPLEMENTATION
Authors: Pascal Livia Svetlana , Segal Rodica 
Published: December 2021

The tall oil is a by-product resulted from the fabrication of softwood pulp by using the sulphate boiling technique. The most important components of the tall oil are the phytosterols, used in cosmetics, medicine. Lately, the phytosterols are introduced in functional foods due to their properties of decreasing the cholesterol in low density lipoproteins (LDL).
In this paper the physical-chemical characteristics of the tall oil provided by the Someş, Dej Pulp Plant were studied. As a result of the studied carried out using analytical methods, it was determined that the content in phytosterols of the tall oil is of 2.68%.
RESEARCHES CONCERNING THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES IN THE FERMENTED DAIRY PRODUCTS WITH THE YOGURT CULTURE YF-L 811
Authors: Simiţaru Ina , Segal Rodica 
Published: December 2021

The exopolysaccharides produced by the lactic acid bacteria confer the possibility to obtain fermented dairy products of good quality, with desirable rheological properties, and diverse benefits for health. The capacity of lactic acid bacteria to produce exopolysaccharides is influenced by culture media and the conditions of growth.
The purpose of this work was to study the thermophile yogurt culture YF-L 811, which contains Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus. The study was based on the capacity of the culture to produce exopolysaccharides in different temperature conditions and with different ingredients added in culture media. The amount of exopolysaccharides was correlated to viscosity of the yogurt.
RESEARCHES CONCERNING THE PROTEOLITICAL MODIFICATIONS DURING THE FERMENTATION AND THE STORAGE OF DAIRY PRODUCT-SANA
Authors: Rotar Ancuţa Mihaela , Semeniuc Cristina , Apostu S. , Suharoschi Ramona , Mureşan Crina , Laslo C. , Guş Camelia , Culea Monica 
Published: December 2021

In this study were followed biochemical modifications of dairy product-sana, during processing. The researches were focused on two main working directions:
-	appreciation of raw milk quality;
-	dairy product-sana amino–acids determination by gas chromatography method.
PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS DYNAMIC DURING MACERATION-FERMENTATION PROCESS AT SUPERIORS RED WINES FROM BURGUND VARIETY
Authors: Mureşan Claudia 
Published: December 2021

The determinations that were done in this study regarded the evolution of phenolic compounds during the maceration fermentation process that took place in rotating metallic tanks of red grapes from Burgund variety. It was shown of that the must colour and tint intensity variation and partial fermented must fractions, with addition of different sulphur dioxide concentration.
In the purpose to obtain extractive wines and intensely coloured, pectolitic external enzymatic mixtures was experienced during the maceration and fermentative processes, and for some technological phases improvement for primary wine making process.
During the hole period of study the antocians content was determined, the total polyphenols and as well the colour intensity and tint, as for the wines obtained with external enzymatic mixtures used during the maceration – fermentation process, as for the one which weren’t treated with enzymes.
The utilisation of exogenous enzymatic mixtures during the maceration fermentation process in correlation with optimal doses of SO2 and an adequate regime of rotating metallic tank spinning generated an improving in phenolic compounds extraction improving and colour intensity increasing for the obtained superior red wines.
RESEARCHES CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE OF THE VEGETAL PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTS PROPORTION ON THE COMPOSITION QUALITY IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A CERTAIN SEMI-SMOKED SALAMI ASSORTMENT
Authors: Sălăgean D. , Laslo C. , Ţibulcă D. , Apostu S. 
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this performed research was to establish the influence of the usage proportion of protein supplements on the quality indicators of compositions meant for filling in the manufacture of a certain semi-smoked salami assortment.
Organoleptic and physical-chemical analyses were performed on the composition samples manufactured in three technological variants (for each case was used one processing recipe): using the manufacture technology without protein supplements (recipe A); using the manufacture technology with 3% vegetal protein supplements (recipe B) and 5% vegetal protein supplements (recipe C), where one part of animal raw material (meat, bacon) had been replaced with vegetal protein supplements (recipe B and C).
EVALUATION OF THE MYCOTIC AND MYCOTOXIC CONTENT AND BAKERY FEATURES OF WHEAT FROM TRANSYLVANIA IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE YEAR 2005
Authors: Morar Oana Aniţa , Braicu Cornelia , Modoran Constanţa , Florian V. 
Published: December 2021

This paper is willing to present preliminary results of the research (CNCSIS theme) which has the main scope to study the correlations between the mycotic and mycotoxic charge of the wheat seeds from Transylvania area and the bakery features of the flour obtained from these seeds.
Current data are referring to the mycotic and mycotoxic charge of the wheat seeds harvested in 2005 from 9 districts from Transylvania and the bakery features of the flour.
VEGETATION, LANDUSE AND LANDSCAPE IN THE APUSENI MOUNTAINS, ROMANIA
Authors: Brinkmann Katja , Reif Albert 
Published: December 2021

European landscapes are formed by human activities at least since Neolithic times (LANG 1994). For centuries highly diversified subsistence production supported the population. Agriculture, silvopastoralism, agroforestry practises and forest use were intensively amalgamated through the activities of the households (HASEL 1985, MANTEL 1990). Specialisation was not between landscapes and households, but within these. In order to meet human requirements through local production, it was necessary that the activities being carried out be highly diversified. The specific characteristics and production potentials of the sites were known from long tradition and observation, and were used in a site-adapted manner. The traditional land uses created a large variety of landscape structures, plant communities and habitats for animals. The species compositions and structural patterns reflect the different techniques and intensities of use, as well as the abiotic site conditions (ELLENBERG 1996).
Most landscape elements served for more than one function, depending also from season or long-term cyclic uses. The whole landscape was used intensively, with specific aims in space and time. In the case of grasslands, for example, hay production seasons changed with grazing periods. The traditional uses were limited by site restrictions, less developed infrastructure and technology, and the absence of electricity. On the community level, land use through subsistence production created a stable, self-supporting system. The land uses, including the separation of forest and grazing land, were neither stable nor permanently fixed. Spatial and temporary changes of land use, landscape structure and human activities were commonplace. Periods of forest exploitation, wood pasture and conversion to open grazing land were followed by periods of succession and forest regrowth, e.g. after wars or climatic fluctuations.
A typical region representing “actual land use and landscape transformation” are the villages of the Apuseni Mountains in Romania. The land use system, vegetation, landscape patterns and their actual changes were studied within an interdisciplinary, participatory “Proiect Apuseni” (RUŞDEA et al. 2005).
BIOLOGICAL METHOD OF STRUGGLE AGAINST THE BASIC WRECKERS OF THE SWEET CORN IN R. OF MOLDOVA
Authors: Timus Asea , Croitoru N. 
Published: December 2021

Every year, the demand of ecological products in the world is increasing more and more. Republic of Moldova also aspires to expand the areas of agricultural crops to get production with the "ecological" status. The sweet corn, is one of these cultures and every year the areas increase. However, because of the considerable develop of harmful insects on cultural fields, the damage reaches up to 15-20 % and more it is necessary to take measures of struggle. One of these, is a biological method and in this case it has appeared effective.
For the period of sweet corn cultivation, excepting for the technology observance of cultivation of the given culture, there have been used biological methods of struggle against harmful insects. Depending on climatic conditions of each zone of the country where it is grown up this culture, different species of harmful insects develop. In R. Moldova, begining with year 2000, have been registered the following harmful species of insects on sweet corn: Aphis spp. (Aphididae); Agrotis spp. (Elateridae); Blaps halophila Fisch. (Tenebrionidae); Phylotreta spp. (Chrysomelidae); Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Noctuidae) Ostrinia nubilalis Hb. (Pyraustidae). The constant useful fauna which develops due to these harmful species is: Nabis spp. (Miridae); Chrysopa spp., (Chrysopidae); Coccinella spp. (Coccinelidae) and others.
That is why, annually are let out individuals from species Trichogramma evanescens W., to reduce the number of harmful species H. armigera Hubner. This species annually damages on different cultures, including on sweet corn. The results on released trichogrammas in 2005, for struggle against harmful species H. armigera Hubner, are presented in this work.