bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food management and surveillance using Viola Jones algorithm and Local Binary Pattern Histogram
Authors: Senthil K Manoj , Nirmala Devi P , Praveen Raj K G , Kavin M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes an efficient system to manage the online food ordering, maintenance of employee attendance and provides auto surveillance. In this system, a camera will be placed at the entrance of the company. Whenever a person enters into the company, their faces are detected by the camera and features are extracted. Then those features are compared with the extracted features of the trained database. Two databases one employee database and other VIP database is maintained. When the features of a face get matched, the system will check whether the features are from the employee database or Very Important Person (VIP) database. When the match is from the employees list, the employee will be marked present. Then a unique code and the food ordering link will be sent to their mobile number. The ordered food will be delivered to the employee at the food court at the respective time slots. Suppose when the match is from the VIP list, an alert message will be sent to the reception desk along with the VIP ID. On the other hand, when the person photo is not matched, it will be saved in the unknown person list. When an employee leaves the company before the food is delivered, the food cancellation link will be sent to their respective mobile number to cancel the food order.
Enforcement of Highly Secured Dynamic ATM Pin Entry
Authors: Ranjith Kumar K , Reegha Shreyaa R , Thiyaneswaran K M , Santhosh R , Gururajan S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The proposes system carries implementing some real-time modifications to the existing systems. It implies with providing an additional special character along with the 4-digit pin rather than the conventional ATM pin. The special character ensures the implementation of a special mathematical algorithm which creates a dynamic security pin during each transaction, making each transaction highly secure. While the transaction is initiated, a set of special characters is displayed in the ATM screen. The display carries our special character (provided with our security pin) along with number of special characters. The count of the special character is to be noted and added along with the provided 4-digit security pin and entered. The importance of this algorithm is the count of the special character is varied dynamically during every transaction. It creates a new security pin during every transaction. The security pin entered during a transaction is stored in the bank server safely. It adds up a safety feature that, if somebody illicitly captures our security pin and illicitly try to enter it, it blocks the ATM and intimates the user. To help the blind person to access the ATM centres, a technique implemented for facial recognition and the transactions carryout securely. The facial recognition helps to initiate the transaction, following it the ATM provides voice command to help them to carry out the transactions with the braille keyboard.
A Unique Technique to Improve the Performance of Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna for Microwave Imaging Application
Authors: Balaji A. , Karthi J. , Chinnammal V. , Malarvizhi C. , Vanaja S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A highly directional Ultra-wideband (UWB) Vivaldi antenna is offered for the study of microwave imaging utilization and radar based technique. In this paper, a novel Vivaldi antenna is designed which improve the directivity, gain and bandwidth parameters of the antenna. Initially the desired performance is achieved by making some changing in the exponential tapered structure. Again some modifications are made in the top of the patch by adding some corrugations in the flaring section, so better performance improvement is obtained in the value of directivity, low frequency of operation, bandwidth and gain. The operating frequency of the tapered Vivaldi structure is 1.45GHz in the lower cut-off frequency whereas the upper cut-off frequency is 9.8GHz. The proposed corrugated Vivaldi antenna is fabricated using FR4 substrate prototype of the modified antenna is fabricated and experimentally studied as well.
Enhanced Crow Search Algorithm for Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing
Authors: Prasanna Kumar K R , Kousalya K , Vishnuppriya S , Ponni S , Logeswaran K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The task scheduling in the cloud computing environment seems to be the most noteworthy problem. It is the important move to enhance the cloud performance and efficiency. The nature inspired algorithms are applied to perform the scheduling in cloud. The Crow Search Algorithm (CSA) is used to assign the task to Virtual Machine (VM). In the CSA the random selection of task is used which may downgrade the performance of cloud. The random task selection is improved with task selection and VM selection algorithms. The improved version of CSA is called as Enhanced CSA (ECSA). The performance of ECSA compared with CSA and Max-Min algorithm.
Detection on sarcasm using machine learning classifiers and rule based approach
Authors: Sentamilselvan K. , Suresh P. , Kamalam G K , Mahendran S. , Aneri D. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Sentiment Analysis has been mainly used to understand the judgment of the text. It has been undergoing major provocation and irony detection is considered as one among the most provocations in it. Irony is the unusual way of narrating an information which disagrees the concept which leads to uncertainty. One primary task included by most developers is data preprocessing which includes many techniques like lemmatization, tokenization and stemming. Many researches are done under irony detection which includes many feature extraction techniques. Machine learning classifiers used for these researches are Support Vector Machine (SVM), linear regression, Naïve Bayes, Random Forest and many more. Results of these research works includes accuracy, precision, recall, F-score which can be used to predict the best suited model. In this paper various methodology used in irony text detection for Sentiment Analysis is discussed.
Adaptive Resource Management Utilizing Reinforcement Learning Technique in Inter-Cloud Environments
Authors: Kumar Vadla Pradeep , Prakash Kolla Bhanu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In cloud computing, the cloud provider agent offers the quality of service (QoS) for different categories of cloud consumer agents. In general, the inter-cloud environment provides resources as a virtual machine (VM) instance representing processing power, Memory allocated in RAM, and secondary storage for consumer agents with QoS guarantees. A service level agreement framework with a reinforcement learning mechanism is considered for provisioning VM’s for all categories of client classes. The parameters like cost of service, availability, and service demand are considered while provisioning VM’s in the inter-cloud environment. QoS violation happens because another set of cloud consumer agents receives the less no of VMs. In our approach, the adaptive resource provisioning is integrated with reinforcement learning mechanism during the service admission process and ensures the collaborated cloud providers will gain more profits without violation of SLA.
Real Time Cognitive State Prediction Analysis using Brain Wave Signal
Authors: Sophia S. , Devi D. , Maheswari S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The teaching-learning process is seeing a big transformation in this digital age. It involves digital classrooms with various accessories of online tools such as video conferencing, digital materials, and other platforms for learning and assessment with options for both real-time and self-paced work in addition to the availability of teachers over video conferencing, text, phone, email, etc. To improve the online learning efficiency, assessing the cognitive state during the learning phase is highly required for the success of these developments. This work focused on cognitive state analysis during different learning tasks is determined by EEG brain signals that are captured using 128 channels Emotive Epoch headset device. Artifacts prominent in raw signals are filtered by linear filtering. Feature extraction for determination of concentration levels is done by applying fuzzy fractal dimension measures and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) on the processed signals. The classification of extracted parameters into concentration levels is done by using deep learning algorithms like Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network (ECNN). This ECNN deep learning classification is highly accurate amongst all other remaining classifiers and is used as a feedback model to regulate this cognitive state.
A Technical Review on Classification of Various Faults in Smart Grid Systems
Authors: Sarathkumar D , Srinivasan M , Stonier Albert Alexander , Samikannu Ravi , Dasari Narasimha Rao , Raj Raymon Antony 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Increasing the technological developments of smart sensors, Information and communication tools (ICT) the traditional electric power systems have emerged with the improvement of Smart grids. Smart grid is defined as a modernized electric power grid with the integration of ICT tools and distributed generation (DG) resources into existing power system to provide continuous, stable and quality of power to all. Present smart grid electric power system network, the fault identification and mitigation is one of very critical task. Current power system structure transformed remarkably due to extension and integration of enormous amount of DG resources at delivery side. To confront the limitations of smart grids, existing fault identification and mitigation methods requires immoderate revision by making use of excellent facilities and tools. That will be useful to attain automation in fault detection, enhance the voltage stability, transient stability, and self-healing ability to perform the desired task. This paper is going to presents a detailed survey about target on various types of faults and fault detection methods in smart grids.
Recent mortality in Britain: a review of trends and explanations
Authors: Murphy Michael 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The annual percentage improvement in standardised mortality rates in the period 2011–19 was the lowest for 70 years, whereas the 2001–10 value was the highest since records began in 1841. A similar slowdown occurred from around 2011 in most European Union countries, although this was generally less severe than in Britain. Life expectancy at birth actually fell in USA for three successive years in period 2014–17. The downturn in Britain since 2011 was wide-ranging, affecting young and old, women and men and the more and the less advantaged to a broadly similar extent. Year-to-year variation in mortality increased mainly due to increased volatility in winter excess mortality from 2011, but all seasons showed lower rates of improvement in underlying longer-term trends. Mortality had started to improve at the end of the decade and the 2019 value was the lowest-ever value in Britain. Two main explanations for these trends have been advanced: UK Government post-2008 austerity policies, especially in the health and social care sectors, and the role of seasonal influenza. However, the evidence for a dominant role for either of these is weak. Longer-term overall trends have been determined principally by trends in cardiovascular rather than non-cardiovascular causes of death, although recent changes in discovery and coding of dementias makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions. Healthy life expectancy trends are also affected by changes in data and methods, but the proportion of life spent in good health for both women and men over age 65 has increased slightly since 2010.
Dosgenes or deleterious recessives control late-acting self-incompatibility inHandroanthus heptaphyllus(Bignoniaceae)? A diallel study with four full-sib progeny arrays
Authors: Bianchi Marta B , Meagher Thomas R , Gibbs Peter E 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsGenetically controlled self-incompatibility (SI) mechanisms constrain selfing and thus have contributed to the evolutionary diversity of flowering plants. In homomorphic gametophytic SI (GSI) and homomorphic sporophytic SI (SSI), genetic control is usually by the single multi-allelic locus S. Both GSI and SSI prevent self pollen tubes reaching the ovary and so are pre-zygotic in action. In contrast, in taxa with late-acting self-incompatibility (LSI), rejection is often post-zygotic, since self pollen tubes grow to the ovary, where fertilization may occur prior to floral abscission. Alternatively, lack of self fruit set could be due to early-acting inbreeding depression (EID). The aim of our study was to investigate mechanisms underlying the lack of selfed fruit set in Handroanthus heptaphyllus in order to assess the likelihood of LSI versus EID.MethodsWe employed four full-sib diallels to study the genetic control of LSI in H. heptaphyllus using a precociously flowering variant. We also used fluorescence microscopy to study the incidence of ovule penetration by pollen tubes in pistils that abscised following pollination or initiated fruits.Key ResultsAll diallels showed reciprocally cross-incompatible full sibs (RCIs), reciprocally cross-compatible full sibs (RCCs) and non-reciprocally compatible full sibs (NRCs) in almost equal proportions. There was no significant difference between the incidences of ovule penetrations in abscised pistils following self- and cross-incompatible pollinations, but those in successful cross-pollinations were around 2-fold greater.ConclusionsA genetic model postulating a single S locus with four S alleles, one of which, in the maternal parent, is dominant to the other three, will produce RCI, RCC and NRC full sib situations each at 33 %, consistent with our diallel results. We favour this simple genetic control over an EID explanation since none of our pollinations, successful or unsuccessful, resulted in partial embryo development, as would be expected under a whole-genome EID effect.
Early abnormal fibrinolysis and mortality in patients with thermal injury: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Pusateri A E , Le T D , Keyloun J W , Moffatt L T , Orfeo T , Brummel-Ziedins K E , McLawhorn M M , Callcut R A , Shupp J W ,   SYSCOT Study Group, Cohen M J , Petzold L R , Varner J D , Bravo M C , Freeman K , Mann K G , Gautam A , Hammamieh R , Jett M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Abnormal fibrinolysis early after injury has been associated with increased mortality in trauma patients, but no studies have addressed patients with burn injury. This prospective cohort study aimed to characterize fibrinolytic phenotypes in burn patients and to see if they were associated with mortality.

Methods
Patients presenting to a regional burn centre within 4 h of thermal injury were included. Blood was collected for sequential viscoelastic measurements using thromboelastography (RapidTEG™) over 12 h. The percentage decrease in clot strength 30 min after the time of maximal clot strength (LY30) was used to categorize patients into hypofibrinolytic/fibrinolytic shutdown (SD), physiological (PHYS) and hyperfibrinolytic (HF) phenotypes. Injury characteristics, demographics and outcomes were compared.

Results
Of 115 included patients, just over two thirds were male. Overall median age was 40 (i.q.r. 28–57) years and median total body surface area (TBSA) burn was 13 (i.q.r. 6–30) per cent. Some 42 (36.5 per cent) patients had severe burns affecting over 20 per cent TBSA. Overall mortality was 18.3 per cent. At admission 60.0 per cent were PHYS, 30.4 per cent were SD and 9.6 per cent HF. HF was associated with increased risk of mortality on admission (odds ratio 12.61 (95 per cent c.i. 1.12 to 142.57); P = 0.041) but not later during the admission when its incidence also decreased. Admission SD was not associated with mortality, but incidence increased and by 4 h and beyond, SD was associated with increased mortality, compared with PHYS (odds ratio 8.27 (95 per cent c.i. 1.16 to 58.95); P = 0.034).

Discussion
Early abnormal fibrinolytic function is associated with mortality in burn patients.
Fucosylation and Sialylation of Fc-Fragment of anti-Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha Antibodies do not Influence Their Immunogenicity in Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
Authors: Wawrzyniak Marcin , Morsy Yasser , Mladenov Radoslav , Tontodonati Giulia , Turgay Yagmur , Herwig Stefan , Back Jonathan , Mally Manuela , Faridmoayer Amirreza , Scharl Michael 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background and Aims: Antibodies targeting tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha] are a mainstay in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. However, they fail to demonstrate efficacy in a considerable proportion of patients. On the other hand, glycosylation of antibodies might influence not only their immunogenicity but also their structure and function. We investigated whether specific glycosylation patterns of the Fc-fragment would affect the immunogenicity of anti-TNF-alpha antibody in monocyte-derived dendritic cells.
Methods: The effect of a specific Fc-glycosylation pattern on antibody uptake by monocyte-derived dendritic cells [mo-DCs] and how this process shapes the immunologic profile of mo-DCs was investigated. Three N-glycoforms of the anti-TNF-alpha antibody adalimumab, that differed in the content of fucose or sialic acid, were tested: [1] mock treated Humira, abbreviated ‘Fuc-G0’, where the N-glycan mainly consist of fucose and N-acetylglucosamine [GlcNAc], without sialic acid; [2] ‘Fuc-G2S1/G2S2’ with fucose and alpha 2,6 linked sialic acid; and [3] ‘G2S1/G2S2’ with alpha 2,6 linked sialic acid, without fucose.
Results: Our data demonstrated that neither fucosylation nor sialylation of anti-TNF-Abs [Fuc-G0, FucG2S1/G2S2, G2S1/G2S2] influence their uptake by mo-DCs. Additionally, none of the differentially glycosylated antibodies altered CD80, CD86, CD273, CD274 levels on mo-DCs stimulated in with lipopolysaccharide in the presence of antibodies. Next, we evaluated the levels of cytokines in the supernatant of mo-DCs stimulated with lipopolysaccharide in the presence of Fuc-G0, Fuc-G2S1/G2S2 or G2S1/G2S2-glycosylated anti-TNF antibodies. Only IL-2 and IL-17 levels were downregulated, and IL-5 production was upregulated by uptake of Fuc-G0 antibodies, as compared to control without antibodies.
Conclusions: The specific modification in the Fc-glycosylation pattern of anti-TNF-alpha Abs does not affect their immunogenicity under the tested conditions. As this study was limited to mo-DCs, further investigation is required to clarify whether Ab uptake into mo-DCs might change the immunological profile of T- and B-cells, in order to ultimately reduce the formation of anti-drug antibodies and to improve the patient care.
Case report: Thrombus in transit—a cause of impending paradoxical embolism
Authors: Nuñez Rodrigo , Sanchez Jesus A , Berber Salvador , Loaiza Felipe , Nuñez Jose G , Arias Sergio , Almeida Eduardo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
A thrombus in transit (TIT) is a life-threatening condition associated with pulmonary embolism (PE). While TIT was once considered a rare diagnosis, its emergence has risen in recent years mainly through advancement in medical technology. Rare cases of a thrombus in transit crossing a patent foramen ovale in the context of pulmonary embolism have been reported. The appropriate treatment of patients in this setting remains unclear.

Case summary
We describe a 64-year-old man who presented with syncope to the emergency room secondary to acute pulmonary embolism. Initial transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a large intracardiac thrombus in transit across a patent foramen ovale, verified by transoesophageal echocardiogram. He underwent anticoagulation and urgent surgical thrombectomy with a favourable outcome.

Discussion
Risk stratification of patient with acute PE is mandatory for determining the appropriate therapeutic management. Initial risk stratification is based on clinical symptoms and signs of haemodynamic instability which indicate a high risk or early death associated massive PE. Thrombolytic therapy is indicated in high-risk patients (Grade 1B), while anticoagulation alone is recommended for intermediate-high- to low-risk patients. Assessment for intracardiac thrombi in PE modifies the treatment strategy in case of a thrombus in transit.
Challenges in the diagnosis of peripartum cardiomyopathy: a case series
Authors: Chirillo Fabio , Baritussio Anna , Cucchini Umberto , Toniolli Ermanno , Polo Angela , Iavernaro Antonio 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is usually characterized by overt heart failure, but other clinical scenarios are possible, sometimes making the diagnosis challenging.

Case summary
We report a case series of four patients with PPCM. The first patient presented with acute heart failure due to left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. Following medical treatment, LV function recovered completely at 1 month. The second patient had systemic and pulmonary thromboembolism, secondary to severe biventricular dysfunction with biventricular thrombi. The third patient presented with myocardial infarction with non-obstructed coronary arteries and evidence of an aneurysm of the mid-anterolateral LV wall. The fourth patient, diagnosed with PPCM 11 years earlier, presented with sustained ventricular tachycardia. A repeat cardiac magnetic resonance, compared to the previous one performed 11 years earlier, showed an enlarged LV aneurysm in the mid-LV anterolateral wall with worsened global LV function.

Discussion
Peripartum cardiomyopathy may have different clinical presentations. Attentive clinical evaluation and multimodality imaging can provide precise diagnostic and prognostic information.
Ventricular septal defect complicating delayed presentation of acute myocardial infarction during COVID-19 lockdown: a case report
Authors: Evans Matthew C , Steinberg Daniel H , Rhodes John F , Tedford Ryan J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Post-myocardial infarction ventricular septal defects (VSDs) have become rare in the reperfusion era but remain associated with very high morbidity and mortality. As patients defer prompt evaluation and management of acute coronary syndromes during the COVID-19 global pandemic, the incidence of these and other post-infarction mechanical complications is expected to increase.

Case summary
A 37-year-old gentleman with multiple coronary artery disease risk factors presented with intermittent chest discomfort and 1 week of heart failure symptoms. An echocardiogram demonstrated a large muscular VSD and coronary angiography confirmed the presence of an anterior wall infarction. He was subsequently referred for transcatheter VSD repair and showed rapid clinical improvement in his symptoms.

Discussion
Post-infarction VSDs remain associated with a high degree of morbidity and mortality. Surgical repair of acutely ruptured myocardium can be technically challenging, and transcatheter repair has emerged as a safe and effective alternative.