bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of members’ lived experience in the evolution of online communities toward online communities of practice
Authors: Lejealle Catherine , Castellano Sylvaine , Khelladi Insaf 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to explore how the lived experience of online communities’ participants makes these communities evolve into online communities of practice (CoPs).

Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative research design was used among backpackers. Data on backpackers’ lived experience and interactions were collected.

Findings
The results suggest a process of how online communities can become genuine online CoPs, thanks to participants’ lived experience. Their activities (information search, perceived benefits and electronic word-of-mouth) result in knowledge sharing and creation. The findings also emphasize the roles of expertise and offline interactions as process moderators.

Research limitations/implications
This study focuses on one specific practice to conduct the research (i.e. backpacking), which limits the generalizability of the results.

Practical implications
This study offers several implications for companies and stakeholders. First, it describes how the lived experience transforms online communities into CoPs and helps stakeholders obtain knowledge for customers to innovate. Second, it analyzes the processes of participation, interaction and promotion to share and create knowledge for customers to increase stakeholders’ competitiveness. Third, this study integrates members’ offline interactions by highlighting their potential effects on tacit knowledge loss in online CoPs.

Originality/value
The literature posits that online communities may evolve into online CoPs through a three-stage hierarchical path, but the underlying mechanisms and members’ contributions to the process have been largely neglected in the literature.
Roles and emerging trends of academic libraries in Kenya
Authors: Otike Fredrick , Barát Ágnes Hajdu 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Due to globalization, digitization and advanced technology, academic libraries are experiencing a tremendous change in their role and operations. The purpose of this study is to critically examine and establish the emerging trends of academic libraries in Kenya; this study also highlights some of the critical roles of the academic libraries in relation to the emerging trends.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopted the literature review method to critically analyse and establish the various roles and emerging trends and issues in academic libraries in Kenya.

Findings
This study established that change is inevitable and that academic libraries are supposed to adapt to the emerging trending trends and roles, lest their function and service become redundant. Due to the fact that library users’ information needs and information-seeking behaviour are changing, academic libraries are supposed to devise new and innovative ways of reaching out to their clients.

Originality/value
This study has been able to comprehensively create a new viewpoint of the role and emerging trends of academic libraries in Kenya in regards to the changing and advancement of new technology.
Will preprint servers disrupt scientific publishing, reference work and information science?
Authors: Frederick Donna Ellen , Frederick Donna Ellen 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss whether preprint servers are a disruptive technology for science, librarians or information seeking among the general population.

Design/methodology/approach
This column explores what preprint servers are, how they are used in the world of science, how their usage changed in response to the deluge of COVID-19 related research papers and how they might impact the work of librarians and society in general.

Findings
Preprint servers are not a highly disruptive technology, but they do challenge both scientists and librarians to understand them better, use the information they find on them with care and educate society in general on topics such as peer review and the importance of using well-vetted, good quality science in making important decisions.

Originality/value
Up until the past year and a half, only a small segment of the librarian profession needed to be concerned with preprint servers. With the increasing presence of references to non-peer-reviewed articles from preprint servers in popular media reports, most librarians now need to know something about this technology. It is also useful to consider how the technology might benefit and create challenges for their work.
Transportation infrastructure asset management modeling using Markov decision process under epistemic uncertainties
Authors: Bai Yun , Babanajad Saeed , Bian Zheyong 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Transportation infrastructure asset management has long been an active but challenging problem for agencies, which urges to maintain a good state of their assets but faces budgetary limitations. Managing a network of transportation infrastructure assets, especially when the number is large, is a multifaceted challenge. This paper aims to develop a life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) based transportation infrastructure asset management analytical framework to study the impacts of a few key parameters/factors on deterioration and life-cycle cost. Using the bridge as an example infrastructure type, the framework incorporates an optimization model for optimizing maintenance, repair, rehabilitation (MR&R) and replacement decisions in a finite planning horizon.

Design/methodology/approach
The analytical framework is further developed through a series of model variations, scenario and sensitivity analysis, simulation processes and numerical experiments to show the impacts of various parameters/factors and draw managerial insights. One notable analysis is to explicitly model the epistemic uncertainties of infrastructure deterioration models, which have been overlooked in previous research. The proposed methodology can be adapted to different types of assets for solving general asset management and capital planning problems.

Findings
The experiments and case studies revealed several findings. First, the authors showed the importance of the deterioration model parameter (i.e. Markov transition probability). Inaccurate information of p will lead to suboptimal solutions and results in excessive total cost. Second, both agency cost and user cost of a single facility will have significant impacts on the system cost and correlation between them also influences the system cost. Third, the optimal budget can be found and the system cost is tolerant to budge variations within a certain range. Four, the model minimizes the total cost by optimizing the allocation of funds to bridges weighing the trade-off between user and agency costs.

Originality/value
On the path forward to develop the next generation of bridge management systems methodologies, the authors make an exploration of incorporating the epistemic uncertainties of the stochastic deterioration models into bridge MR&R capital planning and decision-making. The authors propose an optimization approach that does not only incorporate the inherent stochasticity of bridge deterioration but also considers the epistemic uncertainties and variances of the model parameters of Markovian transition probabilities due to data errors or modeling processes.
Nutrient cycling and self‐regulation determine food web stability
Authors: Theis Kevin , Quévreux Pierre , Loreau Michel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

To understand ecosystems, an integrative approach combining functional ecology and community ecology is required. Nutrient cycling is a good example since it links each organism to the major flows of materials in ecosystems. Together with the demographic processes governing the mortality of organisms (and hence their nutrient losses) such as self‐regulation, nutrient recycling has a major impact on ecosystem dynamics and stability.

By considering stochastic perturbations in the vicinity of the equilibrium affecting the top species in a food chain, we assessed stability based on the temporal variability in the different compartments of the food chain for different recycling efficiencies and self‐regulation intensities.

Our results show that nutrient cycling always has a destabilising effect on perturbed species, while lower trophic levels are stabilised or destabilised depending on their trophic distance from the perturbed species. Thus, for species at odd distances from the top species, nutrient cycling is stabilising, whereas for species at even distances, nutrient cycling is destabilising. Self‐regulation generally stabilises systems, unless its effects are too strong. Finally, nutrient cycling and self‐regulation have opposite effects because nutrient cycling dampens the stabilising effect of self‐regulation.

Considering these two phenomena together is necessary to assess the effects of perturbations on species dynamics and thus to understand the overall response of ecosystems in the context of global changes.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
A Literature Review on Corporate Governance Mechanisms: Past, Present, and Future*
Authors: Di Vito Jackie , Trottier Kim 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTThis study is a literature review on corporate governance. Its objective is to consolidate our knowledge in this field, examine its evolution, and propose avenues for future research. In our review of the past and present literature on various governance measures and their effect on firm performance, we find that the empirical results are mixed for many of the governance mechanisms studied. We propose that these mixed results may be due to applying a “one size fits all” set of governance measures, which is not effective for all types of firms due to the complexity of organizations and the differences in ownership structures. We therefore explore more technologically advanced methodologies, including machine learning. We believe that this line of research could not only improve and refine existing governance measures but also allow us to better target which set of mechanisms might be appropriate for a firm based on its particular characteristics. We encourage future researchers in corporate governance to consider this approach in order to shed light on and fill the gaps in this area of research.
Aggregate accounting earnings, special items and growth in gross domestic product: evidence from Australia
Authors: Zhang Lijuan , Fargher Neil 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMacroeconomic analysts have been found to not take full account of aggregate accounting earnings when forecasting future growth in US gross domestic product (GDP). Using Australian data, we confirm this finding and find that the association between aggregate earnings and GDP growth is robust to inclusion of economic factors to capture the importance of the resources sector and the open nature of the Australian economy. We also find that this association is higher in the post‐IFRS period. Finally, we document that both aggregate earnings and negative special items are important for explaining future GDP growth and forecast errors.
Disparities between perceived and true outcomes of infants born at 23–25 weeks' gestation
Authors: Boland Rosemarie A. , Cheong Jeanie L.Y. , Stewart Michael J. , Kane Stefan C. , Doyle Lex W. 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundDecision‐making for infants born at 23–25 weeks involves counselling parents about survival and major disability risks. Accurate information is needed for parents to make informed decisions about their baby’s care.AimsTo determine if perinatal clinicians had accurate perceptions of outcomes of infants born at 23–25 weeks' gestation, and if accuracy had changed over a decade.Materials and MethodsA web‐based survey was sent to midwives, nurses, neonatologists, and obstetricians working in tertiary and non‐tertiary hospitals, and the neonatal retrieval service in the state of Victoria in 2020. A similar survey had been completed in 2010. Clinicians’ estimates of survival and major neurodevelopmental disability rates were compared with true rates for actively managed infants overall, and by infant birthplace and gestational age, and professional workplace and discipline. Accuracy of outcomes was compared between eras.ResultsOverall, 165 surveys were received. Participants underestimated survival (absolute mean difference [%] −14.4%; [95% confidence interval (CI) −16.6 to −12.3]; P < 0.001) and overestimated major disability (absolute mean difference 32.7%; [95% CI 29.7 to 35.8]; P < 0.001) rates overall, and at each week of gestation, and were worse for outborn compared with inborn infants. Perceptions of clinicians in tertiary centres were similar to those of non‐tertiary clinicians. Nurses/midwives were more pessimistic, and paediatricians were more optimistic. Clinicians’ perceptions of outcome were less accurate in 2020 than in 2010.ConclusionsMost perinatal clinicians underestimate survival and overestimate major disability of infants born at 23–25 weeks' gestation, which may translate into overly pessimistic counselling of parents.
Next‐generation sequencing and genotype association studies reveal the association of HLA‐DRB3*02:02 with delayed hypersensitivity to penicillins
Authors: Romano Antonino , Oussalah Abderrahim , Chery Celine , Guéant‐Rodriguez Rosa‐Maria , Gaeta Francesco , Cornejo‐Garcia Jose‐Antonio , Rouyer Pierre , Josse Thomas , Mayorga Cristobalina , Torres Maria‐Jose , Guéant Jean‐Louis 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundNonimmediate (delayed)‐allergic reactions to penicillins are common and some of them can be life‐threatening. The genetic factors influencing these reactions are unknown/poorly known/poorly understood. We assessed the genetic predictors of a delayed penicillin allergy that cover the HLA loci.MethodsUsing next‐generation sequencing (NGS), we genotyped the MHC region in 24 patients with delayed hypersensitivity compared with 20 patients with documented immediate hypersensitivity to penicillins recruited in Italy. Subsequently, we analyzed in silico Illumina Immunochip genotyping data that covered the HLA loci in 98 Spanish patients with delayed hypersensitivity and 315 with immediate hypersensitivity compared to 1,308 controls.ResultsThe two alleles DRB3*02:02:01:02 and DRB3*02:02:01:01 were reported in twenty cases with delayed reactions (83%) and ten cases with immediate reactions (50%), but not in the Allele Frequency Net Database. Bearing at least one of the two alleles increased the risk of delayed reactions compared to immediate reactions, with an OR of 8.88 (95% CI, 3.37–23.32; p < .0001). The haplotype (ACAA) from rs9268835, rs6923504, rs6903608, and rs9268838 genetic variants of the HLA‐DRB3 genomic region was significantly associated with an increased risk of delayed hypersensitivity to penicillins (OR, 1.7; 95% CI: 1.06–1.92; p = .001), but not immediate hypersensitivity.ConclusionWe showed that the HLA‐DRB3 locus is strongly associated with an increased risk of delayed penicillin hypersensitivity, at least in Southwestern Europe. The determination of HLA‐DRB3*02:02 alleles in the risk management of severe delayed hypersensitivity to penicillins should be evaluated further in larger population samples of different origins.
The stereospecific interaction sites and target specificity of cGMP analogs in mouse cortex
Authors: Rasmussen Michel , Welinder Charlotte , Schwede Frank , Ekström Per 
Published: October 2021

AbstractcGMP interactors play a role in several pathologies and may be targets for cGMP analog‐based drugs, but the success of targeting depends on the biochemical stereospecificity between the cGMP‐analog and the interactor. The stereospecificity between general cGMP analogs—or such that are selectivity‐modified to obtain, for example, inhibitory actions on a specific target, like the cGMP‐dependent protein kinase—have previously been investigated. However, the importance of stereospecificity for cGMP‐analog binding to interactors is not known. We, therefore, applied affinity chromatography on mouse cortex proteins utilizing analogs with cyclic phosphate (8‐AET‐cGMP, 2‐AH‐cGMP, 2′‐AHC‐cGMP) and selectivity‐modified analogs with sulfur‐containing cyclic phosphorothioates (Rp/Sp‐8‐AET‐cGMPS, Rp/Sp‐2′‐AHC‐cGMPS) immobilized to agaroses. The results illustrate the cGMP analogs' stereospecific binding for PKG, PKA regulatory subunits and PKA catalytic subunits, PDEs, and EPAC2 and the involvement of these in various KEGG pathways. For the seven agaroses, PKG, PKA regulatory subunits, and PKA catalytic subunits were more prone to be enriched by 2‐AH‐, 8‐AET‐, Rp‐8‐AET‐, and Sp‐8‐AET‐cGMP, whereas PDEs and EPAC2 were more likely to be enriched by 2‐AH‐, Rp‐2′‐AHC‐, and Rp‐8‐AET‐cGMP. Our findings help elucidate the stereospecific‐binding sites essential for the interaction between individual cGMP analogs and cGMP‐binding proteins, as well as the cGMP analogs’ target specificity, which are two crucial parameters in drug design.
Therapeutic effect of steroids on vestibular neuritis: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Gaeun , Seo Jae‐Hyun , Lee Seung Jae , Lee Dong‐Hee 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe present meta‐analysis sought to assess further evidence for the efficacy of steroids in vestibular neuritis (VN).MethodsThe PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were searched through 30 August 2019. The main outcome measure was dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) and secondary outcomes included complete caloric recovery and improvement of canal paresis (CP). The follow‐up times were divided into short, mid and long‐term.ResultsAmong 276 records identified, 5 studies (n = 253) were included in the analysis. The therapeutic effect of steroid on VN was confirmed (Hedges’ g = 0.172, 95% CI 0.05–0.30, p = .006). Although there was no significant difference between steroids and control in the DHI score (Hedges’ g = −0.323, 95% CI −0.533 to −0.113, p < .01), significant effect was seen on complete caloric recovery and improvement in CP (Hedges’ g = 0.364, 95% CI 0.18–0.55, p < .0001; Hedges’ g = 0.592, 95% CI 0.32–0.59, p < .0001).ConclusionsThe results suggest that corticosteroids have an effect on the results of caloric tests for VN recovery, especially in long‐term follow‐up. However, in terms of dizziness handicap, we did not find any evidence of positive effect on corticosteroid. More data are required before recommendations can be made regarding management in patients on corticosteroids.
Obesity paradox in patients with chronic total occlusion of coronary artery
Authors: Tsai Chuan‐Tsai , Huang Wei‐Chieh , Lu Ya‐Wen , Teng Hsin‐I. , Huang Shao‐Sung , Tsai Yi‐Lin , Lee Wen‐Lieng , Lu Tse‐Min 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundObesity is associated with metabolic syndrome which increases further risk of coronary artery disease and adverse cardiovascular events. Impact of body mass index (BMI) on long‐term outcome in patients with coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) is less clear.Method and resultsFrom January 2005 to November 2020, a total of 1301 patients with coronary angiographic confirmed CTO were enrolled in our study. Patients were divided into two groups: low BMI group: 18–24.99 kg/m2 and high BMI group ≥25 kg/m2. Clinical outcomes were 3‐year all‐cause mortality, 3‐year cardiovascular mortality and 3‐year non‐fatal myocardial infarct. During the 3‐year follow‐up period, all‐cause mortality was significantly higher in patients with low BMI group compared to those in high BMI groups (14% vs. 6%, p = .0001). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed patients with high BMI groups had significant better survival compared with those in low BMI group (p = .0001). In multivariate analysis, higher BMI was independently associated with decreased risk of 3‐year all‐cause mortality (Hazard ratio [HR]: 0.534; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.349–0.819, p = .004) after controlling for age, renal function, prior history of stroke, coronary artery bypass graft, co‐morbidities with peripheral arterial disease, heart failure and revascularization status for CTO. In propensity‐matched multivariate analysis, high BMI remained a significant predictor of 3‐year all‐cause mortality (HR, 0.525; 95% CI, 0.346–0.795, p = .002).ConclusionHigher BMI was associated with better long‐term outcome in patients with coronary CTO.
Serum neuron‐specific enolase: a new tool for seizure risk monitoring after status epilepticus
Authors: Hanin Aurélie , Demeret Sophie , Denis Jérôme Alexandre , Nguyen‐Michel Vi‐Huong , Rohaut Benjamin , Marois Clémence , Imbert‐Bismut Françoise , Bonnefont‐Rousselot Dominique , Levy Pierre , Navarro Vincent , Lambrecq Virginie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeThere is a need for accurate biomarkers to monitor electroencephalography (EEG) activity and assess seizure risk in patients with acute brain injury. Seizure recurrence may lead to cellular alterations and subsequent neurological sequelae. Whether neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) and S100‐beta (S100B), brain injury biomarkers, can reflect EEG activity and help to evaluate the seizure risk was investigated.MethodsEleven patients, admitted to an intensive care unit for refractory status epilepticus, who underwent a minimum of 3 days of continuous EEG concomitantly with daily serum NSE and S100B assays were included. At 103 days the relationships between serum NSE and S100B levels and two EEG scores able to monitor the seizure risk were investigated. Biochemical biomarker thresholds able to predict seizure recurrence were sought.ResultsOnly NSE levels positively correlated with EEG scores. Similar temporal dynamics were observed for the time courses of EEG scores and NSE levels. NSE levels above 17 ng/ml were associated with seizure in 71% of patients. An increase of more than 15% of NSE levels was associated with seizure recurrence in 80% of patients.ConclusionsOur study highlights the potential of NSE as a biomarker of EEG activity and to assess the risk of seizure recurrence.