bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Design of An Evaluation Framework for Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support Programs Delivered Nationally
Authors: Olson Jenny Louise , White Becky , Mitchell Helen , Halliday Jennifer , Skinner Timothy , Schofield Deborah , Sweeting Jennifer , Watson Natasha 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this work was to develop a National Evaluation Framework to facilitate the standardization of delivery, quality, reporting, and evaluation of diabetes education and support programs delivered throughout Australia through the National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS). The NDSS is funded by the Australian Government, and provides access to diabetes information, education, support, and subsidized product across diverse settings in each state and territory of Australia through seven independent service-providers. This article reports the approach undertaken to develop the Framework. Methods: A participatory approach was undertaken, focused on adopting nationally consistent outcomes and indicators, nominating objectives and measurement tools, specifying evaluation processes, and developing quality standards. Existing programs were classified based on related, overarching indicators enabling the adoption of a tiered system of evaluation. Results: Two outcomes (i.e., improved clinical, reduced cost) and four indicators (i.e., improved knowledge and understanding, self-management, self-determination, psychosocial adjustment) were adopted from the Eigenmann and Colagiuri national consensus position statement for diabetes education. This allowed for the identification of objectives (i.e., improved empowerment, reduced distress, autonomy supportive program delivery, consumer satisfaction) and related measurement instruments. Programs were categorized as comprehensive, topic-specific, or basic education, with comprehensive programs allocated to receive the highest-level of evaluation. Twelve quality standards were developed, with existing programs tested against those standards. Based on the results of testing, two comprehensive (OzDAFNE for people with type 1 diabetes, DESMOND for people with type 2 diabetes), and eight topic-specific (CarbSmart, ShopSmart, MonitorSmart, FootSmart, MedSmart, Living with Insulin, Insulin Pump Workshop, Ready Set Go – Let’s Move) structured diabetes self-management education and support programs were nominated for national delivery. Conclusions: The National Evaluation Framework has facilitated consistency of program quality, delivery, and evaluation of programs delivered by multiple service providers across diverse contexts. The Framework could be applied by other service providers who facilitate multiple diabetes education and support programs and could be adapted for use in other chronic disease populations where education and support are indicated.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Are Suitable For Assessing The Success of Restocking Efforts of The European Lobster (Homarus Gammarus, L.)
Authors: De Wit Pierre , Svanberg Linda , Casties Isabel , Eriksson Susanne P , Sundell Kristina , André Carl 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The European lobster (Homarus gammarus) forms the base of an important fishery along the coasts of Europe. However, stocks have been in decline for many years, prompting new regulations in the fishery and also restocking efforts. An important feature of any restocking effort is the assessment of success in the number of released juveniles that stay and become adult over time. Here, we tested the power of a SNP DNA marker panel developed for population assignment to correctly infer parentage on the maternal side of lobster larvae, in the absence of known fathers, using lobsters included in a current restocking effort on the Swedish west coast. We also examined the power to reconstruct the unknown paternal genotypes, and examined the number of fathers for each larval clutch. We found that the 96-SNP panel, despite only containing 78 informative markers, allowed us to assign all larvae to the correct mother. Furthermore, with 10 genotyped larvae or more, confident paternal genotypes could be reconstructed. We also found that 15 out of 17 clutches were full siblings, whereas two clutches had two fathers. To our knowledge, this is the first time a SNP panel of this size has been used to assess parentage in a crustacean restocking effort. Our conclusion is that the panel works well, and that it could be an important tool for the assessment of restocking success of H. gammarus in the future.
City Biodiversity Index and the Cities-Biodiversity Relationship: a Case Study for Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
Authors: de Camargo Julia Fernanda , Silva Fábio Leandro da , Smith Welber Senteio 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to adopt a strategic model which aims to mitigate the environmental pressures exerted by the process of unbridled urbanization, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), an international agreement that permeates its conservation, the sustainable use of its resources and the equitable sharing of its resources, approved in 2010 the creation of the City Biodiversity Index (CBI), a political-legal instrument that aims to assess its management and progress. Later in 2016, the “Sorocaba: the city of biodiversity” program was launched by Secretariat for the Environment and Sustainability (SEMA), consisting of six specific objectives and among them, the establishment of criteria for the evaluation of conservation measures through indicators adapted from CBI, in order to propagate the urban ecology and ecosystems importance. Given the above, this study aimed to prove the compatibility between urban centers and biodiversity and to evaluate the environmental management of the city of Sorocaba, located in the interior of the State of São Paulo, through the application of 23 CBI indicators. The sum of the indicators resulted in a value of 57 points out of a total of 92 (61.9%), showing that, although Sorocaba has a relevant biodiversity, the low score of many indicators implies a need for greater mobilization of government spheres and the successive application of the CBI, in order to expand the conservation and environmental management of the city agenda over the years.
Global Fixed-Time Stabilization for Chained Nonholonomic Systems via Output Feedback Control
Authors: Chen Xiandong , Zhang Xianfu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper studies the fixed-time output feedback stabilization control problem for chained nonholonomic systems. By means of switching control and $bi$-limit homogeneous techniques, it is firstly constructed two fixed-time state feedback stabilizing controllers for the considered systems. Then, a new state observer with a formalized switching law is proposed to fixed-time estimate system states, where high-order terms are applied to get uniform convergence regardless of initial conditions and low-order terms are aimed to the exact convergence in finite time. Finally, based on $bi$-limit homogeneous technique and Lyapunov stability theorem, fixed-time output feedback stabilizing controllers, one of which is discontinuous with a specific switching control law and the other is continuous, are constructed and the fixed-time output feedback stabilization of the considered systems is thus guaranteed. An example is presented to show the feasibility of the proposed fixed-time output feedback stabilization control strategy.
Signatures Based On Tumor Microenvironment Genes Can Reliably Predict The Prognosis of Laryngeal Cancer Patients
Authors: Ren Haitang , Luo Zheng , Wang Min , Chen Lei , Zhang Bo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To develop a tumor microenvironment (TME) related genes based prognostic model for laryngeal cancer patients risk prediction. Methods: A innovative prognosic model was generated based on TME related genes (760 genes). Based on the model, laryngeal cancer patients were categoried into high and low-risk group. The immune status including immune cell infiltration ratio as well as checkpoints have been exploreds.Results: It can be shown here 15 genes demonstrate significant differences, which can better predict laryngeal cancer patient prognosis. The accuracy of the model prediction is evaluated and approved by the AUC value. From the immune cell infiltration ratio analysis, there is a significant difference in the infiltration degree of several types of immune cells and 6 immune checkpoints between high and low-risk laryngeal cancer patients. At the same time, the close related genes as well as TME pathways have been also investigated.Conclusion: This study has explored a potential prognostic biomarker and developed a novel TME-associated prognostic model for laryngeal cancer, which provides a valuable reference for future clinical research.
Proteomic and Functional Analyses Reveal That Kallikrein 6 Enhances Communicating Hydrocephalus by Injuring Neuronal Synapses
Authors: Yuan Lei , Zou Dongdong , Yang Xia , Chen Xin , Lu Youming , Zhang Aijun , Zhang Pengqi , Wei Fance 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Communicating hydrocephalus (CH) is a common neurological disorder caused by a blockage of cerebrospinal fluid. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential molecular mechanism underlying CH development. Quantitative proteomic analysis was performed to screen the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between patients with and without CH. A CH rat model was verified by Hoechst staining, and the co-localization of the target protein and neuron was detected using immunofluorescence staining. Loss-of-function experiments were performed to examine the effect of KLK6 on the synapse structure. A total of 11 DEPs were identified, and kallikrein 6 (KLK6) expression was found to be significantly upregulated in patients with CH compared with that in patients without CH. The CH rat model was successfully constructed, and KLK6 was found to be co-localized with neuronal nuclei in brain tissue. The expression level of KLK6 in the CH group was higher than that in the control group. After interference of KLK6 expression, the expression levels of synapsin-1 and PSD95 in neuronal cells were increased, and the length, number, and structure of synapses were significantly improved. The transcriptome profile (PRJNA719985) after interference of KLK6 expression was obtained, and 5,681 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The upregulated DEGs of Appl2, Nav2, and Nrn1 may be involved in the recovery of synaptic structures after interference of KLK6 expression. Collectively, KLK6 participates in the development of CH and might provide a new target for CH treatment.
Investigating the Nexus among Sulfur Dioxide Emission, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Bakhsh Khuda , Akmal Tanzila , Ahmad Tauqeer , Abbas Qasir 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Developing countries like Pakistan majorly depends on fossil fuels for achieving higher economic growth but have sloppy environmental rules and regulations in order to attract foreign direct investment (FDI). As a result, energy consumption is considered as the primary cause of environmental degradation. Besides CO2 emission, environmental degradation is also associated with emission of sulfur dioxide (SO2). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among SO2 emissions, energy consumption, economic growth and FDI in Pakistan. By applying the 3SLS method study has estimated the scale effect, composition effect and technique effect. The scale effect and technique effect findings indicated that capital stock, FDI, and SO2 emissions all had a significant impact on GDP. When the capital accumulation effects of FDI were considered, the relationship between FDI and stock of capital was found to be positive. According to the technique effect results, FDI, population density, and energy consumption were all significantly related to SO2 emissions. The study came to a conclusion with significant policy implications.
2-Arachidonoylglycerol Attenuates Fibrosis in Diabetic Mice via the TGF-β1/Smad Pathway
Authors: Chen Zhengjie , Zheng Liangyu , Chen Gang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DM) is the cause of late cardiac dysfunction in diabetic patients. Myocardial fibrosis is the main pathological mechanism, which is associated with transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) expression up-regulation. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is an endogenous cannabinoid that can effectively improve myocardial cell energy metabolism and cardiac function. Here, we evaluated the protective effect of 2-AG on diabetic cardiomyopathy.Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were injected with 2-AG intraperitoneally for 4 weeks (1μg/kg/day) after 12 weeks of diabetic modeling. After 4 weeks, heart function was evaluated by echocardiography. Heart structure was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Cardiac fibrosis was analyzed using immunohistochemistry, Sirius red stain and Western blot.Results: After modeling in diabetic mice, cardiac ultrasonography showed decreased cardiac function, and pathological findings showed that myocardial fibrosis. 2-AG could effectively inhibit the up-regulation of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3, improve myocardial fibrosis and ultimately improve cardiac function in diabetic mice.Conclusion: 2-AG reduces cardiac fibrosis via the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway and is a potential pathway for the treatment of cardiac dysfunction in diabetic mice.
Does Environment Management Practice Play a Mediating Role between Green Intellectual Capital and Green Human Resource Management?
Authors: Alam Mohammad Nurul , Turi Jamshid Ali , Khastoori Sudhaishna , Alias Rosima Bte , Rahman Md Adnan , Hossin Md Suliman 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The study aimed to examine the mediating role of environment management practices between green intellectual capital and green human resource management. A positivism philosophy, explanatory research design and quantitative research methodology was employed for collecting data from 125 ready-made garment manufacturing firms in Bangladesh. Smart-PLS 3.2.9 was used to observe the proposed relationship. The results indicated that environment management practice has a significant influence in the relationship between green human capital and green human resource management, and green relational capital and green human resource management. Surprisingly, environment management practice does not play any significant mediating role in between green structural capital and green human resource management. In addition, green human capital and green relational capital has a significant direct influence on green human resource management. However, green structural capital does not have any significant direct impact on green human resource management.
Minimizing Impact of the Urbanization on the Physical Habitat Suitability of Downstream River by a Multi-objective Optimization
Authors: Sedighkia Mahdi , Abdoli Asghar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Urbanization might considerably change outflow of catchment that might affect physical habitat suitability at downstream river ecosystem. Present study proposes and evaluates an applicable method to minimize impact of urbanization on the suitability of physical habitats in which habitat loss and area of the urban region are optimized. coupled particle swarm optimization- adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system is used to simulate runoff in the structure of a multi-objective metaheuristic optimization. Fuzzy physical habitat simulation was applied to simulate suitability of physical habitats. Different measurement indices including the Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient, root means square error and vulnerability index were utilized to measure performance of the simulation-optimization system. Based on the results in the case study, the proposed system is able to mitigate physical habitat impacts by optimizing area of the urban region. Regional government had planned to urbanize 90% of the catchment area. However, it damages physical habitats considerably. The optimal plan reduced the urban area to 56% and minimized physical habitat loss. This method is able to reduce negotiations between regional governments and environmental advocators for development of the new urban areas in terms of minimizing physical habitat loss in river ecosystems.
Interpretable Machine Learning for Genomics
Authors: Watson David 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
High-throughput technologies such as next generation sequencing allow biologists to observe cell function with unprecedented resolution, but the resulting datasets are too large and complicated for humans to understand without the aid of advanced statistical methods. Machine learning (ML) algorithms, which are designed to automatically find patterns in data, are well suited to this task. Yet these models are often so complex as to be opaque, leaving researchers with few clues about underlying mechanisms. Interpretable machine learning (iML) is a burgeoning subdiscipline of computational statistics devoted to making the predictions of ML models more intelligible to end users. This article is a gentle and critical introduction to iML, with an emphasis on genomic applications. I define relevant concepts, motivate leading methodologies, and provide a simple typology of existing approaches. I survey recent examples of iML in genomics, demonstrating how such techniques are increasingly integrated into research workflows. I argue that iML solutions are required to realize the promise of precision medicine. However, several open challenges remain. I examine the limitations of current state of the art tools and propose a number of directions for future research. While the horizon for iML in genomics is wide and bright, continued progress requires close collaboration across disciplines.
Income Inequality and Environmental Degradation in Egypt: Evidence from Dynamic ARDL Approach
Authors: Ali Ibrahim 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aims to explore the effect of income inequality on CO2 emissions in Egypt during the period 1975–2017. " The analysis investigates the validity of the political economy approach compared to the Keynesian approach regarding the inequality-environment nexus. The study applies the novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lags approach (DARDL) to overcome the complications associated with the structure of the ARDL model. The findings showed that the relationship between inequality and CO2 emissions is not a trade-off relationship. Rather, inequality leads to environmental deterioration in the long term, which supports the political economy approach in explaining the inequality-environment nexus. Hence, the economic development policies adopted in Egypt during the past four decades have led to a negative impact on the environment.
Effect of Face Length in Initial Mining Stage of Fully Mechanized Top-coal Caving Face With Large Mining Height
Authors: Wang Jianhang , Lu Yao , WANG CHANGXIANG , Xu Guangwei , Zhang Chengran 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Based on the field measurement of the end resistance of the support during the initial weighting of the basic roof and the macroscopic mine pressure behavior during the weighting period of 101,22211,103 and 301 fully mechanized caving face in Changchun Xing Coal Mine, the mine pressure law of the working face is summarized and compared, and the relationship between the working face length and the working resistance of the support ( the weighting strength ) and the macroscopic mine pressure behavior is obtained. In the range of face length 126-230 m, with the increase of face length, the end-of-cycle resistance of the support gradually increases and the dynamic load coefficient of the support gradually increases when the coefficient of the support gradually increases, and the strata behavior of the working face changes from strong to very strong. When the face length is short ( 126-140.5m ), the hanging top area is too large to cause hurricanes when the working face is pressed, which threatens and damages the personal safety and equipment of the working face staff. Based on the above research, the problem of optimizing the surface length is proposed, and the surface length is determined to be within the range of 140-230 m according to the measured results.
A New Threshold Reveals The Uncertainty About The Effect of School Opening On Diffusion of Covid-19.
Authors: Gandolfi Alberto , Aspri Andrea , Beretta Elena , Jamshad Khola , Jiang Muyan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We aim at clarifying the controversy about the effects of school openings or closures on the course of the Covid-19 pandemic.The mathematical analysis of compartmental models with subpopulations shows that the in-school contact rates affects the overall course of the pandemic only above a certain threshold that separates an influence phase from a non-influence one. The threshold, that we calculate via linear approximation in several cases, seems to appear in all contexts, including outbreaks or new strains upsurge, lockdowns, and vaccination campaigns excluding children, albeit with different values. Our theoretical findings are then confirmed by several data driven studies that have previously identified the phase transition in specific cases.Specific outcomes of this study are:• opposite conclusions reached by studies of the same or similar situations might depend on, possibly small, differences in modeling or in parameter estimation from the very noisy Covid-19 data, that result in identifying different phases;• it is possible to keep schools open at any stage of the Covid-19 pandemic, but suitably strict rules must be applied at all times or else this becomes highly detrimental to virus containment efforts;• as the threshold during vaccination turns out to correspond to the internal transmission rate that would lead to virus extinction if the school population was isolated, the needed strict control can be sustained only for very brief periods; as a result, either schools will have to face a prolonged closure or children need to be vaccinated as well.
Enhance The Properties of Cellulose Fracturing Fluids By Cellulose Nanocrystals
Authors: Wang Shibin , Hu Peng , Li Shuaishuai , Yi Huiyong , Shi Peng , Wang Zhi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With inspiration from the enhancement of the viscoelasticity of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) on hydrogels, we paid attention to cellulose fracturing fluids prepared from the CNCs skeleton reinforced covalently cross-linked cellulose networks. In this paper, we hybridized CNCs with sodium CMC-Na to form nano cellulose fracturing fluids, characterized the performance of nano hybrid fracturing fluids and analyzed the nano-crystals enhancing fracturing fluid performance mechanism. It showed that the apparent viscosity, temperature tolerance, elastic modulus, and tensile strength of cellulose fracturing fluids were improved by CNCs. Compared with the blank cellulose fracturing fluids, the viscosity value of nano-cellulose fracturing fluids at 120 ℃ reached 195mPa·s, with an increase of 200 %, and the elastic modulus was 30Pa, with an increase of about 253 %. Furthermore, the microscopic analysis revealed that CNCs can play the role of nucleus and skeleton in the network structure of cellulose fracturing fluids and obviously enhanced the strength of the network structure. It is obvious to improve the performance of the fracturing fluids by adding CNCs into the cellulose fracturing fluids. This method provides a new idea for the development of fracturing fluids suitable for unconventional reservoirs.