bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ureteral metastasis from pulmonary adenocarcinoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Shen Wang , Chen Jindong , Gao Limin , Ma Guangzhi , Yang Lan , Liang Hao , Dong Jingsi , Zhou Qinghua 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe occurrence of ureteral metastasis from distant primary tumors is uncommon, and appears to be especially rare when it originates from the lungs. In the case presented here, a patient with lumbago and left hydronephrosis was diagnosed with left ureteral metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma after a CT‐guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy of the lung and retroperitoneal laparoscopic left nephroureterectomy. He accepted the targeted therapy because the lung tumor epidermal growth factor receptor mutation (exon19 deletion) was positive, and preoperative staging of lung adenocarcinoma was stage IVA. After an 8‐month follow‐up, he is still alive and well, with no local recurrence or distant metastases. The therapy outcome assessment is stable disease. Although rare, our case has demonstrated that pulmonary adenocarcinoma has the possibility of metastasizing to the ureter, a risk that should be considered in some lung cancer patients.
Cost‐effective seafloor habitat mapping using a portable speedy sea scanner and deep‐learning‐based segmentation: A sea trial at Pujada Bay, Philippines
Authors: Terayama Kei , Mizuno Katsunori , Tabeta Shigeru , Sakamoto Shingo , Sugimoto Yusuke , Sugimoto Kenichi , Fukami Hironobu , Sakagami Masaaki , Jimenez Lea A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Various sampling and monitoring strategies have been developed to assess marine habitats and life‐forms. However, the cost‐effectiveness of such survey methods (e.g. line intercept transects and autonomous underwater vehicles) is still not high.

In this paper, a practical seafloor habitat mapping method combining a cost‐effective survey system (P‐SSS: portable speedy sea scanner) and a deep learning‐based quantification method were proposed. P‐SSS is a highly portable transport system and a towed‐type system with five cameras arrayed on its platform. The sea trial was conducted at Pujada Bay, Philippines, on 7 December 2019.

The high‐quality orthophotos of the seafloor with a high resolution of ~3.0 mm/pixel were successfully generated. The attained survey efficiency was 12,900 m2/hr. In addition, in this paper, a segmentation method utilizing the U‐Net architecture to estimate the coverage of corals, seagrass and sea urchins using a large‐scale 2D image is proposed.

Overall, this highly portable survey system is expected to become a promising tool for marine environmental surveys, especially in the areas where the rich nature of the oceans is susceptible to environmental changes, such as the remote islands that lack sufficient survey facilities.
Night‐to‐night variability of sleep apnea detected by cyclic variation of heart rate during long‐term continuous ECG monitoring
Authors: Hayano Junichiro , Yuda Emi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSleep apnea is common in patients with cardiovascular disease and is a factor that worsens prognosis. Holter 24‐h ECG screening for sleep apnea is beneficial in the care of these patients, but due to high night‐to‐night variability of sleep apnea, it can lead to misdiagnosis and misclassification of disease severity.MethodsTo investigate the long‐term dynamic behavior of sleep apnea, seven‐day ECGs recorded with a patch ECG recorder in 120 patients were analyzed for the cyclic variation of heart rate (CVHR) during sleep periods as determined by a built‐in three‐axis accelerometer.ResultsThe frequency of CVHR (Fcv) showed considerable night‐to‐night variability (coefficient of variance, 66 ± 35%), which was consistent with the night‐to‐night variability in apnea‐hypopnea index and oxygen desaturation index reported in earlier studies. In patients with presumed moderate‐to‐severe sleep apnea (Fcv > 15 cph at least one night), it was missed on 62% of nights, and on at least one night in 88% of patients. The CV of Fcv was negatively correlated with the average of Fcv, suggesting that patients with mild sleep apnea show greater night‐to‐night variability and would benefit from long‐term assessment. The average Fcv was higher in the supine position, but the night‐to‐night variability was not explained by the night‐to‐night variability of time spent in the supine position.ConclusionsCVHR analysis of long‐term ambulatory ECG recordings is useful for improving the reliability of screening for sleep apnea without placing an extra burden on patients with cardiovascular disease and their care.
Comparison of imaging parameters between OCT, GDx and HRT in the Northern Finland birth cohort eye study
Authors: Stoor Katri , Karvonen Elina , Leiviskä Ilmari , Liinamaa Johanna , Saarela Ville 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the study was to assess and compare the optic nerve head (ONH) and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) parameters and image quality parameters obtained by Cirrus HD‐OCT, GDxECC and HRT3 in a population‐based screening study.MethodsThis analysis examined 2566 subjects taking part in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort Eye study. Images with spectral domain OCT (Cirrus HD‐OCT 4000), scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (HRT3) and scanning laser polarimetry (GDxECC) were obtained from each subject. The correlation of average and regional parameters of RNFL and ONH between devices was evaluated.ResultsThe RNFL thickness was 90.9 µm when measured with OCT, 24.6 µm with HRT and 48.1 µm with GDx. There was a high correlation between the disc and cup measurements with the HRT and OCT and the RNFL thickness of the OCT and GDx (r > 0.5). A statistically significant correlation was found between RNFL measurements of the HRT and OCT in the superior, temporal and inferior quadrants. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) signal strength correlated with the image quality parameters of the HRT and GDx. The percentage of good quality images was the lowest with the GDx.ConclusionThe RNFL thickness in Northern Finland birth cohort was at a lower level compared to other studies. The study confirms the difference in measuring ONH parameters between the imaging devices. However, significant correlations between devices were found in the cup volume and cup disc area ratio parameters of the OCT and HRT. The correlations between image quality parameters and glaucoma detection parameters were relatively low.
Reflections on a Golden Jubilee: Celebrating 50 years of Population Geography within the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG)’s journals
Authors: Buyuklieva Boyana , Cranston Sophie , McCollum David , Beech Suzanne , Botterill Katherine , Catney Gemma , Darlington‐Pollock Frances , Finney Nissa , Shubin Sergei , Tebbett Natalie , Waite Catherine 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis commentary celebrates the 50th anniversary of the Population Geography Research Group (PGRG) of the Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers (RGS‐IBG) by drawing on journal papers within Area, The Geographical Journal and Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers presented in the virtual issue by the same name (https://rgs‐ibg.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/toc/10.1111/(ISSN)9999‐0017.50yrs‐pop‐geography). It presents an introduction to the core research threads within Population Geography over the past half‐century. The celebratory issue and the editorial guide readers through diverse and prolific contributions to Population Geography scholarship within the RGS‐IBG journals across three core themes: the spatio‐demographic characteristics of populations, the mobility that connects these, and emergent characteristics of places. This introduction is only a flavour of a vast and growing body of Population Geography research. Notwithstanding, it indicates how the sub‐discipline has and will continue to shape debates on the study of population change to consider its complex nature, drivers, and consequences. Despite differences in methods and approaches, the sub‐discipline unites to explore populations in space in an applied manner. This issue also highlights fundamental challenges going forward. Calls to decolonise the academy have resulted in questions of the structures through which we work – for Population Geography this means thinking about the diversity of voices, theories, and approaches. The papers in this virtual issue thus provide a grounding backdrop of knowledge as we look forward to many more years of lively debate.
The child's best interest in gamete donation
Authors: Takes Femke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractProcreation with donor gametes is widespread and commonly accepted, but it involves ethical questions about the child's best interest. Understanding the historical structures of the moral discussion of gamete donation may contribute to reflecting on the child's best interest. This is why I have analysed the debate on gamete donation in the Netherlands, and this analysis has uncovered some striking discontinuities. Notions of the child's best interest have undergone a radical swing. In the past, it was considered acceptable to conceal the truth about the child's biological origin, but in the past two decades the general opinion has changed to the common belief that this information should be shared with the child. This changed notion of the child's best interest will be analysed using a framework encompassing three views of the child, which derive from the debate on children's rights. These three views each provide a different interpretation of the child's moral and political status. I conclude that the changed notion of the child's best interest results from a view of the child that focuses on autonomy and citizenship, and which frames the child's interests according to its legal status. I comment on this view and I champion an alternative one, namely ‘the embedded child’. This is a relational view based on care ethics that goes beyond what can be articulated in law, and that will help to establish a more balanced interpretation of the child's best interest at the practice and policy levels of gamete donation.
Effects of forest cover on richness of threatened fish species in Japan
Authors: Lavergne Edouard , Kume Manabu , Ahn Hyojin , Henmi Yumi , Terashima Yuki , Ye Feng , Kameyama Satoshi , Kai Yoshiaki , Kadowaki Kohmei , Kobayashi Shiho , Yamashita Yoh , Kasai Akihide 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEstuaries––one of the most vulnerable ecosystems globally––face anthropogenic threats, including biodiversity loss and the collapse of sustainable fisheries. Determining the factors contributing to the maintenance of estuarine biodiversity, especially that of fish, is vital for promoting estuarine conservation and sustainability. We used environmental DNA metabarcoding analysis to determine fish species composition in 22 estuaries around Japan and measured watershed‐scale land‐use factors (e.g., population size, urban area percentage, and forest area percentage). We sought to test the hypothesis that the richness of the most vulnerable estuarine fish species (i.e., registered by the Japanese Ministry of the Environment in the national species red‐list) is determined by watershed‐scale land‐use factors. The richness of such species was greater, where forest cover was highest; thus, forest cover contributes to their conservation. The proportion of agriculture cover was associated with low species richness of red‐listed fishes (redundancy analysis, adjusted R2 = 43.9% of total variance, df = 5, F = 5.3843, p = 0.0001). The number of red‐listed species increased from 3 to 11 along a watershed land‐use gradient ranging from a high proportion of agriculture cover to a large proportion of forest cover. Furthermore, the results showed that throughout Japan all the examined watersheds that were covered by >74.8% forest had more than the average (6.7 species per site) richness of red‐listed fish species. This result can be attributed to the already high average forest cover in Japan of 67.2%. Our results demonstrate how the land use of watersheds can affect the coastal sea environment and its biodiversity and suggest that proper forest management in conjunction with land‐use management may be of prime importance for threatened fish species and coastal ecosystems in general.
Passive government, organized crime, and massive deforestation: The case of western Mexico
Authors: García‐Jiménez Carlos Ignacio , Vargas‐Rodriguez Yalma L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe mountains of western Mexico contain one of the highest numbers of conifers and hardwood species for the country. The extraction of those species represents about 82% of the national timber production. Governmental practices had been the burden to conservation and sustainable forestry practices in the last two decades by allowing illegal logging and circumventing environmental laws. In the last 5 years, pervasive illegal logging is led by organized crime gangs. These gangs work in complete impunity, using intimidation, kidnapping, and bribery to silence the landowners, the entire community, and government officials. As a consequence, community forest enterprises declined and the illegal logging increased. For example, 4% of the national production was illegally extracted in the Talpa de Allende municipality during 2017–2019, and an estimated of 70% of the timber in Mexico lack of extraction permits. Institutional practices, reduced budgets, corruption networks, and impunity are producing environmental degradation in western Mexico, and likely elsewhere in the country as well.
Clinical bone health among adults with cerebral palsy: moving beyond assessing bone mineral density alone
Authors: Whitney Daniel G , Caird Michelle S , Clines Gregory A , Hurvitz Edward A , Jepsen Karl J 
Published: October 2021

AimTo understand associations among bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone area, and their association with fractures in adults with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodThis retrospective cohort study included 78 adults with CP with a hip dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) from 1st December 2012 to 3rd May 2021 performed at the University of Michigan. Data‐driven logistic regression techniques identified which, if any, DXA‐derived bone traits (e.g. age/sex/ethnicity‐based z‐scores) were associated with fracture risk by sex and severity of CP. BMC‐area associations were examined to study the structural mechanisms of fragility.ResultsFemoral neck area was associated with lower age‐adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of fracture history (OR 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49–1.06; p=0.098), while higher BMD was associated with higher odds of incident fracture (OR 3.08; 95% CI 1.14–8.33; p=0.027). Females with fracture had lower area than females without fracture but similar BMC, whereas males with fracture had larger area and higher BMC than males without fracture. The paradoxical BMD‐fracture association may be due to artificially elevated BMD from BMC‐area associations that differed between females and males (sex interaction, p˂0.05): males had higher BMC at lower area values and lower BMC at higher area values compared to females.InterpretationBMD alone may not be adequate to evaluate bone strength for adults with CP. Further research into associations (or integration) between BMC and area is needed.
Vagal afferent cholecystokinin receptor activation is required for glucagon‐like peptide‐1–induced satiation
Authors: Vana Vasiliki , Lærke Michelle K. , Rehfeld Jens F. , Arnold Myrtha , Dmytriyeva Oksana , Langhans Wolfgang , Schwartz Thue W. , Hansen Harald S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPeripheral glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) and cholecystokinin (CCK) are secreted from enteroendocrine cells, and their plasma concentrations increase in response to eating. While the satiating effect of gut‐derived CCK on food‐intake control is well documented, the effect of peripheral GLP‐1 is less clear. There is evidence that native GLP‐1 can inhibit food intake only in the fed state but not in the fasting state. We therefore hypothesized that other gut peptides released during a meal might influence the subsequent effect of endogenous GLP‐1 and investigated whether CCK could do so. We found that intraperitoneal injection of CCK in food‐restricted mice inhibited food intake during the first 30‐minute segment of a 1‐hour session of ad libitum chow intake and that mice compensated by increasing their intake during the second half of the session. Importantly, this compensatory behaviour was abolished by an intraperitoneal injection of GLP‐1 administered following an intraperitoneal injection of CCK and prior to the 1‐hour session. In vivo activation of the free fatty acid 1 (FFA1) receptor with orally administered TAK875 increased plasma CCK concentration and, consistent with the effect of exogenous CCK, we found that prior oral administration of TAK875 increased the eating inhibitory effect of peripherally administered GLP‐1. To examine the role of the vagus nerve in this effect, we utilized a saporin‐based lesioning procedure to selectively ablate the CCK receptor‐expressing gastrointestinal vagal afferent neurones (VANs). We found that the combined anorectic effect of TAK875 and GLP‐1 was significantly attenuated in the absence of CCK receptor expressing VANs. Taken together, our results indicate that endogenous CCK interacts with GLP‐1 to promote satiation and that activation of the FFA1 receptor can initiate this interaction by stimulating the release of CCK.
Integrated framework model for the leadership role of principals in inclusive education
Authors: Scheer David 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article introduces and discusses a theoretically and empirically founded integrated framework model of the principal's leadership role for inclusive education. Leadership is widely discussed as a key factor for success in inclusive education. Additional systematic research efforts are required with respect to this topic, particularly in the context of the German school system. This study analyses principals' leadership roles in one German federal state. Interviews were conducted with fifteen school principals from schools that are assigned to implement inclusive education. Findings from the qualitative content analysis draw a complex picture that is summarised in an integrated framework model. This model addresses (1) the multilevel hierarchical character of the school system and (2) the role of social discourse in shaping principals' perspectives. This model integrates different theoretical approaches such as the four‐frame model of leadership orientation, the theory of recontextualisation, and educational governance to describe principal leadership and its contribution for inclusive education.
Role of nitric oxide in regulating epidermal permeability barrier function
Authors: Man Mao‐Qiang , Wakefield Joan S. , Mauro Theodora M. , Elias Peter M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNitric oxide (NO), a free radical molecule synthesized by nitric oxide synthases (NOS), regulates multiple cellular functions in a variety of cell types. These NOS, including endothelial NOS (eNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS) and neural NOS (nNOS), are expressed in keratinocytes. Expression levels of both iNOS and nNOS decrease with ageing, and insufficient NO has been linked to the development of a number of disorders such as diabetes and hypertension, and to the severity of atherosclerosis. Conversely, excessive NO levels can induce cellular oxidative stress, but physiological levels of NO are required to maintain the normal functioning of cells, including keratinocytes. NO also regulates cutaneous functions, including epidermal permeability barrier homeostasis and wound healing, through its stimulation of keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation and lipid metabolism. Topical applications of a diverse group of agents which generate nitric oxide (called NO donors) such as S‐nitroso‐N‐acetyl‐D,L‐penicillamine (SNAP) can delay permeability barrier recovery in barrier‐disrupted skin, but iNOS is still required for epidermal permeability barrier homeostasis. This review summarizes the regulatory role that NO plays in epidermal permeability barrier functions and the underlying mechanisms involved.
Effects of nitrogen removal from wastewater on phytoplankton in eutrophic prairie streams
Authors: Bergbusch Nathanael T. , Hayes Nicole M. , Simpson Gavin L. , Swarbrick Vanessa J. , Quiñones‐Rivera Zoraida J. , Leavitt Peter R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBiological nutrient removal (BNR) may be an effective strategy to reduce eutrophication; however, concerns remain about effects on receiving waters of removing both nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), rather than P alone.Phytoplankton abundance (as µg chlorophyll a/L) and community composition (as nmol biomarker pigment/L) were quantified over 6 years in two connected eutrophic streams to determine how algae and cyanobacteria varied in response to a shift from tertiary (P removal) to BNR (N and P removal) wastewater treatment.Phytoplankton were sampled biweekly at nine stations May to September and were analysed using generalised additive models (GAMs) to quantify landscape patterns of phototrophs and identify potential causal relationships both before (2010–2012) and after (2017–2019) BNR installation in 2016.Analysis with GAMs showed that 69%–79% of deviance in phytoplankton abundance and composition could be explained by date‐ and site‐specific variance in stream flow, temperature, and solute concentrations (mainly nutrients), whereas similar GAMs using only effluent N content (δ15Nwater) as a predictor explainedc. 60% of phototroph deviance. Prior to BNR, phytoplankton levels (mainly chlorophytes) increased with‐rich effluent, whereas their abundance declined with δ15N after BNR (diatoms, chlorophytes).Overall, declines in total effluent release of N (67%–97%) but not P (c. 0%) due to BNR resulted in a 52 ± 7% decline in phytoplankton abundance relative to upstream values, despite high inter‐annual variation in discharge and baseline chlorophyll a concentration.Nitrogen removal by BNR improved water quality in N‐limited ecosystems.
Impact of protein carbonylation on the chemical characteristics of the hair surface
Authors: Masaki Hitoshi , Sinomiya Daisuke , Okano Yuri , Yoshida Masaki , Iwabuchi Tokuro 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to clarify the impact of protein carbonylation on the chemical characteristics of the hair surface focusing on hydrophobicity.MethodsFirst, we examined the validity of methods to evaluate hydrophobicity, one that utilizes the fluorescence of 1‐anilinonaphtalene‐8‐sulfonic acid (1,8‐ANS) compared with the contact angles against H2O, of the hair surface chemically modified by alkaline hydrolysis or treated with stearyl ammonium chloride. We measured hairs bleached with H2O2 or treated with acrolein for fluorescence originating from 1,8‐ANS, for the contact angle and for changes of functional groups, aldehydes (the degree of carbonylation), NH2, COOH and SH, using fluorescence labelling methods.ResultsThe fluorescence intensity of 1,8‐ANS of the hair surface modified chemically correlated well with the contact angles against H2O. The results indicated that 1,8‐ANS is suitable for evaluating the hydrophobicity of the hair surface. The hydrophobicity of hairs bleached with H2O2 or carbonylated with acrolein was decreased. In addition, changes of functional groups in hairs carbonylated with acrolein increased as did those of hairs bleached with H2O2.ConclusionThe results suggest that the carbonylation of proteins at the hair surface with aldehydes decreases hydrophobicity and promotes further damage as does bleaching.