bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Borylative Cyclization for the Synthesis of Quinazolinones
Authors: Dherbassy Quentin , Manna Srimanta , Shi Chunling , Prasitwatcharakorn Watcharapon , Crisenza Giacomo E. M. , Perry Gregory J. P. , Procter David J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractQuinazolinones are common substructures in molecules of medicinal importance. We report an enantioselective copper‐catalyzed borylative cyclization for the assembly of privileged pyrroloquinazolinone motifs. The reaction proceeds with high enantio‐ and diastereocontrol, and can deliver products containing quaternary stereocenters. The utility of the products is demonstrated through further manipulations.
Rheological behavior of collagen/chitosan blended solutions
Authors: Zheng Tingting , Tang Pingping , Shen Lirui , Bu Honghong , Li Guoying 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the rheological behavior of collagen/chitosan blends is fundamental to design the optimized collagen/chitosan composite materials. Steady shear, dynamic frequency sweep, thixotropy and creep‐recovery tests were investigated to characterize the rheological behavior of collagen/chitosan blends as a function of chitosan content (0%–90% [wt/wt]). All the samples showed pseudoplasticity with shear‐thinning behavior. With the increase of chitosan, the viscosity significantly decreased from 862.54 to 0.60 Pa s at 0.05 s−1. The storage modulus and loss modulus also decreased while the dynamic denaturation temperature increased from 39.79 to 45.18°C. Besides, the thixotropy weakened and when the chitosan content reached 70%, the final recovery percentage was only 4.6%. The entanglements between collagen fibers observed by atomic force microscopy became weaker. Finally, the corresponding mathematical models were used to simulate the experimental data, and the obtained parameters might provide some useful theoretical guidance for the processing of the collagen/chitosan blended solutions.
Dysfunction in interpersonal neural synchronization as a mechanism for social impairment in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Quiñones‐Camacho Laura E. , Fishburn Frank A. , Belardi Katherine , Williams Diane L. , Huppert Theodore J. , Perlman Susan B. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSocial deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been linked to atypical activation of the mentalizing network. This work, however, has been limited by a focus on the brain activity of a single person during computerized social tasks rather than exploring brain activity during in vivo interactions. The current study assessed neural synchronization during a conversation as a mechanism for social impairment in adults with ASD (n = 24) and matched controls (n = 26). Functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) data were collected from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and tempoparietal junction (TPJ). Participants self‐reported on their social communication and videos of the interaction were coded for utterances and conversational turns. As expected, controls showed more neural synchrony than participants with ASD in the TPJ. Also as expected, controls showed less social communication impairment than participants with ASD. However, participants with ASD did not have fewer utterances compared with control subjects. Overall, less neural synchrony in the TPJ was associated with higher social impairment and marginally fewer utterances. Our findings advance our understanding of social difficulties in ASD by linking them to decreased neural synchronization of the TPJ.Lay SummaryThe coordination of brain responses is important for efficient social interactions. The current study explored the coordination of brain responses in neurotypical adults and adults with ASD to investigate if difficulties in social interactions are related to difficulties coordinating brain responses in ASD. We found that participants with ASD had more difficulties coordinating brain responses during a conversation with an interacting partner. Additionally, we found that the level of coordination in brain responses was linked to problems with social communication.
How Adults Tell: A Study of Adults' Experiences of Disclosure to Child Protection Social Work Services
Authors: Mooney Joseph 
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the findings of a study examining adult disclosures of childhood sexual abuse to child protection social work services in the Republic of Ireland. Limited literature indicates that adults can have negative experiences when disclosing childhood abuse; this is primarily owing to a lack of training, policy and guidance for practitioners, and legal complexities regarding allegations of abuse. This study used a biographic‐narrative interpretive method (BNIM) to gather the experiences of adults who engaged with child protection social work services. The findings were analysed using both BNIM panel analysis and open, axial and selective coding. Six main themes were identified, and the findings are discussed under three headings: (1) the system as a barrier presents the various influences that acted as barriers for adults coming forward to disclose; (2) issues of power examines the influence of power from the time of abuse throughout the adults' life courses and their interactions with services; and (3) the system as a facilitator presents practice and policy recommendations based on participants' narratives and the wider research literature. Implications for child protection practice in this extremely sensitive and sometimes controversial area are considered.‘This study used a biographic‐narrative interpretive method (BNIM) to gather the experiences of adults who engaged with child protection social work services’Key Practitioner Messages

A number of complex socioecological factors need to be considered when receiving and assessing adult disclosures of childhood sexual abuse.
Dynamics of abuse and disclosure may be similar; any understanding of an experience of childhood sexual abuse should also involve an understanding of experiences of disclosure.
Basic practices such as providing information, clarity and frequent communication may address potentially harmful dynamics of power and control that can exist in respect of disclosure of childhood trauma.
Incomplete stent expansion in flow‐diversion treatment affects aneurysmal haemodynamics: a quantitative comparison of treatments affected by different severities of malapposition occurring in different segments of the parent artery
Authors: Zhang Mingzi , Li Yujie , Sugiyama Shin‐ichiro , Verrelli David I. , Matsumoto Yasushi , Tominaga Teiji , Qian Yi , Tupin Simon , Anzai Hitomi , Ohta Makoto 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIncomplete stent expansion (IncSE) is occasionally seen in flow‐diversion (FD) treatment of intracranial aneurysms; however, its haemodynamic consequences remain inconclusive. Through a parametric study, we quantify the aneurysmal haemodynamics subject to different severities of IncSE occurring in different portions of the stent. Two patient cases with IncSE confirmed in vivo were studied. To investigate a wider variety of IncSE scenarios, we modelled IncSE at two severity levels respectively located in the proximal, central, or distal segment of a stent, yielding a total of 14 treatment scenarios (including the ideal deployment). We examined stent wire configurations in 14 scenarios and resolved aneurysm haemodynamics through computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A considerable degradation of aneurysm flow‐reduction performance was observed when central or distal IncSE occurred, with the maximal elevations of the inflow rate (IR) and energy loss (EL) being 10% and 15%. The underlying mechanism might be the increased resistance for flow to remain within the FD stent, which forces more blood to leak into the aneurysm sac. Counter‐intuitively, a slight reduction of aneurysm inflow was associated with proximal IncSE, with the maximal further reduction of the IR and EL being 5% and 8%. This may be due to the disruption of the predominant parent‐artery flow by the collapsed wires, which decreased the strength and altered the direction of aneurysmal inflow. The effects of IncSE vary greatly with the location of occurrence, revealing the importance of performing individualised, patient‐specific risk assessment before treatment.
Developing Signs of Safety: A Deaf‐accessible counselling toolkit for trauma and addiction
Authors: Anderson Melissa L. , Glickman Neil S. , Wolf Craig Kelly S. , Sortwell Crane Amanda K. , Wilkins Alexander M. , Najavits Lisa M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe U.S. Deaf community—more than half a million Americans who communicate using American Sign Language (ASL)—experiences higher rates of trauma exposure and substance use disorder (SUD) than the general population. Yet there are no evidence‐based treatments for any behavioural health condition that have been evaluated for use with Deaf people. The driving aim of our work, therefore, has been to develop and formally evaluate a Deaf‐accessible trauma/SUD counselling approach. Here we describe our initial intervention development work and a single‐arm pilot that evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary clinical efficacy of Signs of Safety—a Deaf‐accessible toolkit to be used with an existing, widely adopted protocol for trauma and addiction (Seeking Safety). Preliminary efficacy results indicated clinically significant reductions in PTSD symptoms and frequency of alcohol use for the Seeking Safety/Signs of Safety model. Frequency of drug use did not change significantly—likely attributable to the mid‐study legalization of recreational marijuana in our state. Next steps include the redesign and refilming of Signs of Safety based on pilot participant feedback, again using a Deaf‐engaged development and production process. This new toolkit will be tested via a pilot randomized controlled trial designed based on present methodological lessons learned.
Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Methanol with a Molecular Cobalt‐Catalyst‐Loaded Porous Carbon Electrode Assisted by a CIGS Photovoltaic Cell**
Authors: Wang Ruwen , Boutin Etienne , Barreau Nicolas , Odobel Fabrice , Bonin Julien , Robert Marc 
Published: April 2021

AbstractConversion of CO2 into valuable compounds, including fuels, with renewable energy sources and sustainable compounds is a challenge addressed by artificial photosynthesis research. In particular, the application of solar assisted electrochemical (EC) processes, in which electrons are furnished by a photovoltaic (PV) cell, is a promising approach. A PV‐EC system is described, consisting of a CIGS (copper indium gallium selenide) PV unit linked to a carbon electrode loaded with cobalt phthalocyanine as molecular catalyst, able to achieve the CO2 reduction to CO and then to methanol in aqueous media with limited bias voltage. Using CO as starting material, a partial current density of ca. 0.6 mA cm−2 for methanol is obtained at a bias voltage corresponding to a low 240 mV overpotential. Remarkably, the liquid fuel production can be sustained for at least 7 h. Under ideal conditions, the CO2‐to‐CH3OH reaction shows a global Faradaic efficiency of 28 %.
Fluorescence lifetime imaging is able to recognize different hematopoietic precursors in unstained routine bone marrow films
Authors: da Silva Fernanda Aparecida Borges , Racanelli Ana Paula , Lorand‐Metze Irene , Metze Konradin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) has been used in living cells to measure metabolic activity and demonstrate cell differentiation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the FLIM technique could be able to demonstrate cell maturation during myelopoiesis and erythropoiesis in unlabeled routine bone marrow (BM) preparations. Air‐dried, unstained smears of BM aspiration samples of 32 patients without BM disease and a normal morphology on May–Grünwald–Giemsa (MGG) stained smears entered the study. FLIM images were captured with a Zeiss LSM 780 NLO multiphoton microscope equipped with a Becker & Hickl SPC‐830 TCSPC FLIM module and HPM‐100‐40 hybrid detector. The samples were irradiated by two‐photon excitation at 800 nm with a titanium‐sapphire laser of the LSM 780 NLO. FLIM images were compared with those obtained by autofluorescence high resolution imaging. FLIM images of unstained smears were highly contrasted. Different cell types could be easily recognized as they were similar to those seen in MGG stained preparations. Cytoplasm of cells from the erythroid lineage revealed relatively short fluorescence lifetimes due to the presence of hemoglobin, and therefore could easily be distinguished from granulocytic precursors. Nuclear fluorescence lifetimes of all cell types were higher than those of the corresponding cytoplasm. So, FLIM of unstained BM smears obtained under routine real‐life conditions permits an easy identification of BM cells, by highlighting differences of their physicochemical properties.
Prospective ARNI vs. ACE inhibitor trial to DetermIne Superiority in reducing heart failure Events after Myocardial Infarction (PARADISE‐MI): design and baseline characteristics
Authors: Jering Karola S. , Claggett Brian , Pfeffer Marc A. , Granger Christopher , Køber Lars , Lewis Eldrin F. , Maggioni Aldo P. , Mann Douglas , McMurray John J.V. , Rouleau Jean‐Lucien , Solomon Scott D. , Steg Philippe G. , van der Meer Peter , Wernsing Margaret , Carter Katherine , Guo Weinong , Zhou Yinong , Lefkowitz Martin , Gong Jianjian , Wang Yi , Merkely Bela , Macin Stella M. , Shah Urmil , Nicolau Jose C. , Braunwald Eugene 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimsPatients surviving an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are at risk of developing symptomatic heart failure (HF) or premature death. We hypothesized that sacubitril/valsartan, effective in the treatment of chronic HF, prevents development of HF and reduces cardiovascular death following high‐risk AMI compared to a proven angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. This paper describes the study design and baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the Prospective ARNI vs. ACE inhibitor trial to DetermIne Superiority in reducing heart failure Events after Myocardial Infarction (PARADISE‐MI) trial.Methods and resultsPARADISE‐MI, a multinational (41 countries), double‐blind, active‐controlled trial, randomized patients within 0.5–7 days of presentation with index AMI to sacubitril/valsartan or ramipril. Transient pulmonary congestion and/or left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% and at least one additional factor augmenting risk of HF or death (age ≥70 years, estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, diabetes, prior myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, LVEF <30%, Killip class ≥III, ST‐elevation myocardial infarction without reperfusion) were required for inclusion. PARADISE‐MI was event‐driven targeting 708 primary endpoints (cardiovascular death, HF hospitalization or outpatient development of HF). Randomization of 5669 patients occurred 4.3 ± 1.8 days from presentation with index AMI. The mean age was 64 ± 12 years, 24% were women. The majority (76%) qualified with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction; acute percutaneous coronary intervention was performed in 88% and thrombolysis in 6%. LVEF was 37 ± 9% and 58% were in Killip class ≥II.ConclusionsBaseline therapies in PARADISE‐MI reflect advances in contemporary evidence‐based care. With enrollment complete PARADISE‐MI is poised to determine whether sacubitril/valsartan is more effective than a proven ACE inhibitor in preventing development of HF and cardiovascular death following AMI.
Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction in Continuous Flow Using Gel‐Bound Organocatalysts
Authors: Schmiegel Carsten J. , Baier Rene , Kuckling Dirk 
Published: April 2021

AbstractContinuous flow catalysis using a microfluidic reactor with gel‐bound proline organocatalysts is an attractive approach in organic synthesis due to interesting advantages such as the permanent production of catalyst‐free products and the easy product isolation by evaporation. Further advantages are the online detection of reactions and an adjustment of reaction parameters while the reaction is already running. Herein the formation of differently substituted aldol products within minutes at mild conditions in good to almost quantitative yields is described. The effects of different solvent mixtures and temperatures on the conversion and selectivity are analyzed in detail by NMR as well as the relationship between the height of the polymer structures and the conversion behavior of the asymmetric aldol reaction of 4‐nitrobenzaldehyde and cyclohexanone. The applicability of this system is demonstrated for a wide range of differently substituted nitrobenzaldehydes. It is shown that the described reactor setup delivers high conversion and good selectivity over up to 144 hours and that a highly reusable system was established.
A novel safety message dissemination framework in LTE‐V2X system
Authors: Rastogi Eshita , Maheshwari Mukesh Kumar , Roy Abhishek , Saxena Navrati , Shin Dong Ryeol 
Published: April 2021

AbstractVehicular communication plays a crucial role in improving road safety and maintaining traffic efficiency through the exchange of safety messages. Besides road safety, it can also be used to support other nonsafety features such as infotainment services, traffic management, parking assistance, and so on. In this article, we explore a hybrid long term evolution vehicle‐to‐everything architecture where we use both vehicle‐to‐infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle‐to‐vehicle (V2V) communication to simultaneously provide high throughput for infotainment services and maintain high reliability and low transmission delay for the safety messages. To this end, we propose V2I and V2V resource allocation algorithms which support a strict allocation priority for the safety messages over the nonsafety messages. We evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms by extensive simulations using OMNeT++, INET, and SimuLTE softwares and analyze the simulation data using MATLAB software. The simulation results indicate that, as compared with using only V2I communication, the proposed algorithms decrease the end‐to‐end delay (∼23%, on average) of the safety messages with little degradation (< 10%, on average) in throughput of the background traffic. We compare our proposed algorithms with the existing algorithms and find that the proposed algorithms show a performance gain of 36.5% and 45% in terms of end‐to‐end latency and packet reception ratio, respectively.
Country report Indonesia
Authors: Idris Abdul Malik Sadat 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAs the fifth most populated country in the world, Indonesia has been facing huge challenges in food security. With a growing population and a more competitive environment, these challenges will only increase in the future. Climate change has put more pressure on the agricultural sector. These conditions will make farmers more vulnerable to poverty in light of their present relatively low standard of living. Under these circumstances, high‐level attention on the part of all stakeholders is needed currently as never before. The decrease in world water availability and an increase in water‐disaster‐related hazards make integrated water resource management (IWRM) even more relevant. Collaboration between government–private, upstream–downstream users and operators, intra‐government institutions, and communities are encouraged through not only a sound policy and regulatory framework, but also a robust institutional framework and financing. Implementing a broader view of water resources in their natural cycle may help us to understand better the importance of maintaining their availability, accessibility and quality for the process of acquiring food security and nutrition.
Inhibited effect of an RGD peptide hydrogel on the expression of β1‐integrin, FAK, and Akt in Tenon's capsule fibroblasts
Authors: Chen Baoji , Wu Ping , Liang Liang , Zhao Chenchen , Wang Zheng , He Liye , Zhang Ran , Xu Na 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTenon's capsule fibroblasts are the main cellular components of filtration tract scar that limit the success rate of glaucoma filtration surgery. Scar formation results from infiltration and proliferation of fibroblasts into damaged areas, meanwhile synthesis of extracellular matrix glycoproteins. Integrins are cell surface receptors for extracellular molecules that mediate cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and invasion. They bind their ligands often through recognition of short amino‐acid sequences—arginine‐glycine‐aspartic acid (RGD). Peptides that contain RGD sequence can compete with RGD containing insoluble matrix proteins for binding to the integrin receptor and thus prevent the downstream signaling pathway. Increasing evidence supports that β1‐integrin/focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Akt signal pathway plays an important role in fibrogenesis and scar formation in different tissues. In consideration of advantages of peptide hydrogel, that is well biocompatibility, gel state, degradability, good drug loading, we designed and fabricated an RGD peptide hydrogel, and hypothesized that it could inhibit the expression of β1‐integrin, FAK, and Akt in Tenon's capsule fibroblasts. Rheology results showed that 1% wt Fmoc‐FFGGRGD peptide solution could self‐assemble into hydrogel. Western blot analysis revealed that there were statistical differences between control group and 1% wt group in β1‐integrin/β‐actin, FAK/β‐actin, Akt/β‐actin respectively (*p < .05). The relative mRNA expression of β1‐integrin, FAK, Akt in control group and 1% wt group were also statistically different respectively (*p < .05). We proved that 1% wt Fmoc‐FFGGRGD self‐assembly peptide hydrogel could inhibit the expression of β1‐integrin, FAK and Akt in Tenon's capsule fibroblasts. It is a promising way to solve scar formation of glaucoma filter channel.
Role of the renin–angiotensin system in the development of cataract formation in angiotensin‐II‐induced experimental rats
Authors: Choudhary Rajesh , Shree Jaya , Singh Amrita , Bodakhe Surendra H. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPreviously, we established several facts regarding hypertension‐associated cataractogenesis. As a follow‐on study, we evaluated the role of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in angiotensin‐II (Ang‐II)‐induced cataract formation in experimental hypertensive rats. Sprague–Dawley male albino rats (150–180 g) were used for the present experiment. The animals were divided into four groups, with six animals in each group. During the 12 weeks of the experimental protocol, the normal group received sterile water (1 ml/kg/day, subcutaneously (sc), and the Ang‐II control group received angiotensin (1 mg/kg/day) subcutaneously. The ARB (O) group received olmesartan (2 mg/kg/day) orally, and the ARB (T) group received two drops of olmesartan (5 mM) topically on the cornea; concurrently, both groups were treated with Ang‐II (1 mg/kg/day, sc) to induce hypertension. Biweekly, the systolic and the diastolic blood pressures were recorded, and the eyes were examined; moreover, cataractogenic parameters, such as oxidative stress markers and protein contents in the lenses, were evaluated after completion of the experimental protocol. Twelve weeks of olmesartan administered, orally or topically, significantly reduced the progression of cataract formation and restored antioxidants, lipid peroxidation, nitrite content, and protein contents in the lenses of the mice in groups O and T, respectively, as compared with those in the Ang‐II control group. On the basis of our results, we conclude that the ocular RAS exacerbates the lenticular oxidative stress that may lead to cataract formation. The results showed that the RAS has an independent and important role in cataract formation under hypertensive conditions.