bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustained NMDA receptor hypofunction impairs brain-derived neurotropic factor signalling in the PFC, but not in the hippocampus, and disturbs PFC-dependent cognition in mice
Authors: Tanqueiro Sara R , Mouro Francisco M , Ferreira Catarina B , Freitas Céline F , Fonseca-Gomes João , Simões do Couto Frederico , Sebastião Ana M , Dawson Neil , Diógenes Maria J 
Published: May 2021

Background: Cognitive deficits profoundly impact on the quality of life of patients with schizophrenia. Alterations in brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signalling, which regulates synaptic function through the activation of full-length tropomyosin-related kinase B receptors (TrkB-FL), are implicated in the aetiology of schizophrenia, as is N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) hypofunction. However, whether NMDA-R hypofunction contributes to the disrupted BDNF signalling seen in patients remains unknown. Aims: The purpose of this study was to characterise BDNF signalling and function in a preclinical rodent model relevant to schizophrenia induced by prolonged NMDA-R hypofunction. Methods: Using the subchronic phencyclidine (PCP) model, we performed electrophysiology approaches, molecular characterisation and behavioural analysis. Results: The data showed that prolonged NMDA-R antagonism, induced by subchronic PCP treatment, impairs long-term potentiation (LTP) and the facilitatory effect of BDNF upon LTP in the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) of adult mice. Additionally, TrkB-FL receptor expression is decreased in the PFC of these animals. By contrast, these changes were not present in the hippocampus of PCP-treated mice. Moreover, BDNF levels were not altered in the hippocampus or PFC of PCP-treated mice. Interestingly, these observations are paralleled by impaired performance in PFC-dependent cognitive tests in mice treated with PCP. Conclusions: Overall, these data suggest that NMDA-R hypofunction induces dysfunctional BDNF signalling in the PFC, but not in the hippocampus, which may contribute to the PFC-dependent cognitive deficits seen in the subchronic PCP model. Additionally, these data suggest that targeting BDNF signalling may be a mechanism to improve PFC-dependent cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia.
A comparative study between continuous and interrupted sutures in open pyeloplasty
Authors: Gupta Sandeep , Verma Ankit , Pal Dilip Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Background: Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) is one of the common causes of obstructive uropathy dealt by urologists around the globe. The management of PUJO requires surgical intervention and pelvi-ureteral anastomosis is most time-consuming step in surgery and suturing plays a critical role for the good outcome of the surgery. Objective: To assess the outcomes of continuous or interrupted suturing in open pyeloplasties done for PUJ obstruction. Materials and methods: This comparative study was conducted in the department of Urology in a tertiary care hospital of eastern India. A total of 60 patients with pelviureteric junction obstruction were included as per inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into two groups depending upon whether continuous (Group A) or interrupted (Group B) suturing was done. Both groups were compared for mean operative time, mean suturing time, duration of post-operative drainage, mean drain output, post-operative hospital stay, postoperative GFR and improvement in GFR. Results: Out of 60 patients continuous and interrupted suturing was done in 30 patients in both arms. Out of 60 cases there were 46 (76.66%) males and 14 (23.33%) females with a M:F ratio of 1:0.30. The mean age in group A and group B was found to be 30.06 ± 8.28 and 27.63 ± 6.07, respectively. Mean operative time, mean suturing time, duration of post-operative drainage, mean drain output and postoperative hospital stay were found to be higher in interrupted suture group and the difference was found to be statistically highly significant ( p < 0.0001). The complication rates and recurrence rates were found comparable in both the cases with no statistically significant difference ( p > 0.05). Conclusion: Continuous suturing technique for pyeloplasty is preferable as it is found to have a lower mean operative time, mean suturing time, duration of post-operative drainage, mean drain output and postoperative hospital stay.
Measuring Forms and Functions of Aggression in Portuguese Young Adults: Validation of the Peer Conflict Scale
Authors: Vagos Paula , Marinho Patrícia I. , Pandeirada Josefa N. S. , Rodrigues Pedro F. S. , Marsee Monica 
Published: May 2021

This work reports a preliminary validation of the Peer Conflict Scale (PCS) for Portuguese young adults (ages 18–30 years). This instrument assesses aggression considering two of its forms (overt and relational aggression) and its two functions (reactive and proactive aggression). The initially proposed 4-factor model provided the best fit for our data and was partially invariant by sex. All subscales revealed good reliability based on internal consistency and test–retest indicators. Construct validity was obtained through the investigation of sex differences that align with previous findings on aggressive behavior and in relation to emotion regulation strategies. These initial results suggest that the PCS, originally designed for adolescents, is a promising tool to assess aggression in young adults, notwithstanding the need of additional psychometric studies to further establish the quality of this instrument.
Advertising of Human Milk Substitutes in United Kingdom Healthcare Professional Publications: An Observational Study
Authors: Hickman Natalie , Morgan Sarah , Crawley Helen , Kerac Marko 
Published: May 2021

Background Inappropriate marketing of human milk substitutes negatively influences efforts to protect breastfeeding. Although healthcare professionals can positively influence infant feeding decisions, government regulations permit manufacturers to communicate messages to them through advertising. Research Aims (1) To identify the extent of human milk substitute advertising in publications aimed at United Kingdom healthcare professionals and (2) to describe compliance with the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes and United Kingdom Formula and Follow-on Formula Regulations. Methods This was a cross-sectional observational study. We reviewed publications targeting healthcare professionals working with families in the United Kingdom ( N = 19). Quantity and type of human milk substitute advertisements, as a proportion of all advertising, in each publication were recorded. All unique advertisements were double assessed for compliance. Results Human milk substitute advertising was found in nine (47%) of the 19 publications (four affiliated with professional associations), making up 10.3% ( n = 196) of these publications’ total advertising. Of human milk substitute advertisements found, 65.4% ( n = 110) were for products used to manage cows’ milk protein allergy. Of the 32 unique human milk substitute advertisements found, none complied with the International Code of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes or United Kingdom Formula and Follow-on Formula Regulations. Conclusions Many healthcare professionals’ publications had non-compliant human milk substitute advertisements. There is an urgent need to ensure full compliance with international and local regulation in future advertisements and to consider whether advertisements are justified at all.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV with oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine in men who have sex with men: Slovenian national demonstration project
Authors: Pečavar Blaž , Kokošar Ulčar Barbara , Kordiš Manja , Pleško Maja , Turel Gabriele , Vovko Tomaž , Tomažič Janez 
Published: May 2021

Prevalence of HIV in Slovenia is low, and men who have sex with men (MSM) have the highest risk for infection. Rates of enrolment into HIV care, initiation of antiretroviral therapy and reaching an undetectable viral load in HIV-infected patients are very high. Prevention of HIV infection for MSM with PrEP is not formally available in Slovenia. The aim of this study was to demonstrate possible implementation of PrEP in Slovenia. Sixty-nine ( n = 69) MSM with increased risk for HIV received PrEP with oral tenofovir disproxil fumarate /emtricitabine and acquisition were followed for a mean of 566.6 days. They had 71 episodes of STIs (incidence 61.7 per 100 person-years). No one got acquired HIV infection. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) was significantly lower 4 ( p = 0.014) and 19 ( p = 0.021) months after inclusion; however, there was no clinically significant renal failure (mean EGFR 110–115 mL/min). Self-reported body weight significantly increased after 7 months ( p < 0.05). Overall EGFR and self-reported body weight did not change significantly. No significant change in adherence (overall mean 81.0%; 95% CI 77.5%–84.6%; p = 0.728), condom use ( p = 0.077) and number of sexual partners (overall mean 2.36 per 30 days; 95% CI 2.06 to 2.65; p = 0.235) was found throughout the study. Participants reported 110 graded adverse effects (AE), 104 (94.5%) grade 1–2 and 6 (5.5%) grade 3–4. No participant discontinued PrEP due to AE. The study showed successful implementation of PrEP among MSM at high risk for HIV infection in Slovenia. Based on the results of our study, PrEP should be formally available in Slovenia.
A new modified stochastic linearization technique to analyze structures with nonlinear fluid viscous dampers
Authors: Asadpour Ghasem , Asadi Payam , Hajirasouliha Iman 
Published: May 2021

Nonlinear viscous dampers can efficiently improve the seismic performance of structures by dissipating large amounts of earthquake-induced energy. In common practice, the spectral analysis of structures with nonlinear viscous dampers is generally conducted based on an estimated equivalent damping ratio. To this end, the stochastic linearization technique can be used as an effective probabilistic approach to take into account the evolutionary characteristics of the input earthquake excitation. This study aims to present optimal non-Gaussian probability density functions to improve the accuracy of the stochastic linearization technique for nonlinear viscous dampers in both firm and soft soil-based structures. It is shown that by using the optimum probability density functions, the computational error of the stochastic linearization technique for a single-degree-of-freedom structure under simulated ground motions, with a range of peak ground accelerations between 0.1 and 0.6 g, is reduced by up to 70%. The efficiency of the proposed probability density functions is then demonstrated for multi-degree-of-freedom structures, by estimating the roof displacements of a six-story steel frame with nonlinear viscous dampers under a set of natural ground motions using different linearization methods. The comparison of the stochastic linearization technique estimated responses with the exact values confirms that using the proposed probability density functions leads to considerably lower errors in both firm and soft soil-based structures compared with the other linearization techniques.
Insulin glargine 300 U/ml for the treatment of feline diabetes mellitus
Authors: Linari Guido , Fleeman Linda , Gilor Chen , Giacomelli Lucia , Fracassi Federico 
Published: May 2021

Objectives The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/ml (IGla-U300) in cats with variable duration of diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods Thirteen client-owned cats with DM completed a prospective clinical trial. Four cats were highly suspected of hypersomatotropism and excluded from the insulin efficacy evaluation. All cats were treated with IGla-U300 SC at a starting dosage of 0.5 U/kg q12h and fed with a low carbohydrate diet. Cats were monitored for 8 weeks with a once-weekly at-home 16 h blood glucose curve (BGC) and a questionnaire evaluating the presence of DM-related clinical signs. In-clinic evaluations, including serum fructosamine measurement, were scheduled within 3 days of the first, third, sixth and eighth BGC. Glycemic variability was assessed by calculating the SD of each BGC. Results Excluding four cats suspected of hypersomatotropism, at the time of the eighth BGC, improved or absent polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss, lethargy and improved or normal general demeanor were reported in 8/9 (88%), 8/9 (88%), 7/9 (77%), 7/9 (77%), 7/9 (77%) and 8/9 (88%) cats, respectively. Two cats achieved remission after 29 and 53 days. Another two cats went into remission after the end of the study (days 82 and 96). All cats that achieved remission were newly diagnosed diabetics. Median (range) serum fructosamine concentration significantly decreased when comparing the time of enrollment (604 [457–683] µmol/l) with the eighth week of treatment (366 [220–738] µmol/l) ( P = 0.02). In all 13 cats, biochemical hypoglycemia (blood glucose <60 mg/dl; <3.3 mmol/l) was detected in 13/104 (12.5%) BGCs, while clinical signs suggesting hypoglycemic episodes were not reported. Glycemic variability was significantly lower at the fifth BGC when comparing cats that achieved remission with cats that did not achieve remission ( P = 0.02). Conclusions and relevance IGla-U300 seems effective and safe for the treatment of feline diabetes, but more long- term and comparative clinical trials are needed.
Remote e-Workers’ Psychological Well-being and Career Development in the Era of COVID-19: Challenges, Success Factors, and the Roles of HRD Professionals
Authors: Park Sunyoung , Jeong Shinhee , Chai Dae Seok 
Published: May 2021

The Problem As most employees have been forced to work from home during the COVID-19 pandemic, there is considerable concern about how to preserve employee health and well-being by supporting their work in this unpredictable situation. In this sense, research highlighting how to support remote e-workers in the COVID-19 pandemic era is urgently needed to inform scholars and practitioners about effective strategies and interventions to support remote e-workers. The Solution By reviewing conceptual and empirical studies, we discuss the challenges of remote e-workers from the perspective of psychological well-being. We also summarize the factors that support psychological well-being. Based on the findings, we suggest how human resource development (HRD) professionals can support remote e-workers’ psychological well-being and career development in the COVID-19 pandemic era. The Stakeholders This article has relevance for scholars, scholar-practitioners, and practitioners who are interested in seeking ways to support remote e-workers from an HRD perspective across countries, disciplines, and contexts in the COVID-19 pandemic era.
Remotely Delivered Monitoring and Management of Diabetes-Related Foot Disease: An Overview of Systematic Reviews
Authors: Drovandi Aaron , Wong Shannon , Seng Leonard , Crowley Benjamin , Alahakoon Chanika , Banwait Jasmin , Fernando Malindu E. , Golledge Jonathan 
Published: May 2021

Background: Diabetes-related foot disease (DFD) management requires input from multiple healthcare professionals, and has worse outcomes for people living in remote localities by comparison to urban areas. Remotely delivered healthcare may reduce this disparity. This overview summarizes current evidence on the effectiveness, stakeholder perceptions, and cost-effectiveness of remotely delivered healthcare for DFD. Methods: A search of 5 databases was conducted to identify systematic reviews published between January 2000 and June 2020. Eligible reviews were those evaluating remotely delivered monitoring or management of patients at risk of or with active DFD, or clinicians managing these patients. Risk of bias was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 tool. Results: Eight reviews were eligible for inclusion, including 88 primary studies and 8509 participants, of which 36 studies involving 4357 participants evaluated remotely delivered monitoring or management of DFD. Only one review had a low risk of bias, with most reviews demonstrating limited search strategies and poor reporting of participants. Evidence on effectiveness was mixed, with meta-analyses demonstrating long-term ulcer healing and mortality were not significantly different between telehealth and standard care groups, although the lower-limb amputation rate was significantly decreased in one meta-analysis. Perceptions of telehealth by patients and clinicians were generally positive, whilst acknowledging limitations relating to access and use. Cost-effectiveness data were limited, with poor reporting preventing clear conclusions. Conclusions: Remotely delivered healthcare of DFD is well received by patients and clinicians, but its effectiveness is unclear. High quality trials are needed to evaluate the risks and benefits of remotely delivered DFD management.
Comparing Patch vs Pen Bolus Insulin Delivery in Type 2 Diabetes Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring Metrics and Profiles
Authors: Bergenstal Richard M. , Johnson Mary L. , Aroda Vanita R. , Brazg Ronald L. , Dreon Darlene M. , Frias Juan P. , Kruger Davida F. , Molitch Mark E. , Mullen Deborah M. , Peyrot Mark , Richter Sara , Rosenstock Julio , Serusclat Pierre , Vance Carl , Weinstock Ruth S. , Levy Brian L. 
Published: May 2021

Objective: CeQur Simplicity™ (CeQur, Marlborough, MA) is a 3-day insulin delivery patch designed to meet mealtime insulin requirements. A recently reported 48-week, randomized, multicenter, interventional trial compared efficacy, safety and self-reported outcomes in 278 adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) on basal insulin therapy who initiated and managed mealtime insulin therapy with a patch pump versus insulin pen. We assessed changes in key glycemic metrics among a subset of patients who wore a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device. Methods: Study participants (patch, n = 49; pen, n = 48) wore a CGM device in masked setting during the baseline period and prior to week 24. Glycemic control was assessed using international consensus guidelines for percentage of Time In Range (%TIR: >70% at 70-180 mg/dL), Time Below Range (%TBR: <4% at <70 mg/dL; <1% at <54 mg/dL), and Time Above Range (%TAR: <25% at >180 mg/dL; <5% at >250 mg/dL). Results: Both the patch and pen groups achieved recommended targets in %TIR (74.1% ± 18.7%, 75.2 ± 16.1%, respectively) and marked reductions in %TAR >180 mg/dL (21.1% ± 19.9%, 19.7% ± 17.5%, respectively) but with increased %TBR <70 mg/dL (4.7% ± 5.2%, 5.1 ± 5.8, respectively), all P < .0001. No significant between-group differences in glycemic improvements or adverse events were observed. Conclusions: CGM confirmed that the patch or pen can be used to safely initiate and optimize basal-bolus therapy using a simple insulin adjustment algorithm with SMBG. Preference data suggest that use of the patch vs pen may enhance treatment adherence.
Mechanism of Compound Houttuynia Mixture as an Anti-COVID-19 Drug Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Wu Xing-Pan , Wang Tian-Shun , Yuan Zi-Xin , Yang Yan-Fang , Wu He-Zhen 
Published: May 2021

Objective To explore the anti-COVID-19 active components and mechanism of Compound Houttuynia mixture by using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods First, the main chemical components of Compound Houttuynia mixture were obtained by using the TCMSP database and referring to relevant chemical composition literature. The components were screened for OB ≥30% and DL ≥0.18 as the threshold values. Then Swiss Target Prediction database was used to predict the target of the active components and map the targets of COVID-19 obtained through GeneCards database to obtain the gene pool of the potential target of COVID-19 resistance of the active components of Compound Houttuynia mixture. Next, DAVID database was used for GO enrichment and KEGG pathway annotation of targets function. Cytoscape 3.8.0 software was used to construct a “components-targets-pathways” network. Then String database was used to construct a “protein-protein interaction” network. Finally, the core targets, SARS-COV-2 3 Cl, ACE2 and the core active components of Compound Houttuyna Mixture were imported into the Discovery Studio 2016 Client database for molecular docking verification. Results Eighty-two active compounds, including Xylostosidine, Arctiin, ZINC12153652 and ZINC338038, were screened from Compound Houttuyniae mixture. The key targets involved 128 targets, including MAPK1, MAPK3, MAPK8, MAPK14, TP53, TNF, and IL6. The HIF-1 signaling, VEGF signaling, TNF signaling and another 127 signaling pathways associated with COVID-19 were affected ( P < 0.05). From the results of molecular docking, the binding ability between the selected active components and the core targets was strong. Conclusion Through the combination of network pharmacology and molecular docking technology, this study revealed that the therapeutic effect of Compound Houttuynia mixture on COVID-19 was realized through multiple components, multiple targets and multiple pathways, which provided a certain scientific basis of the clinical application of Compound Houttuynia mixture.
Oroxylum indicum Extract, at a Physiologically Relevant Dosage, Does Not Induce Hepatotoxicity in C57BL/6J Mice
Authors: Pondugula Satyanarayana R. , Salamat Julia M. , Abbott Kodye L. , Flannery Patrick C. , Majrashi Mohammed , Almaghrabi Mohammed , Govindarajulu Manoj , Ramesh Sindhu , Onteru Suneel K. , Sandey Maninder , Haung Chen-Che J. , Gill Kristina , Narayanan Natasha , McElroy Edwin , Desai Darshini , Nadar Rishi , Moore Timothy , Kalyanam Nagabhushanam , Majeed Muhammed , Dhanasekaran Muralikrishnan 
Published: May 2021

Background Botanical supplements have been proven to provide beneficial health effects. However, they can induce unintended adverse events such as hepatotoxicity. Oroxylum indicum extract (OIE, Sabroxy®) has several health benefits including anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antifungal, antibacterial, and neuroprotective effects. It is currently unknown whether OIE has the potential to induce hepatotoxicity. Purpose In the current study, we sought to determine whether OIE can induce hepatotoxicity in C57BL/6J mouse model. Methods The male mice were fed powdered rodent food (control group) or powdered rodent food mixed with OIE (Sabroxy®, 500 mg/kg) daily for 4 weeks. Following the treatment, we assessed liver histology and serum levels of biomarkers commonly associated with liver damage, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Results No significant alterations were observed in liver histology, and serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, albumin, globulin, and total protein in the OIE fed mice compared to the control mice. Conclusion Taken together, our results suggest that OIE, when fed at its physiologically relevant dosage, does not induce hepatotoxicity in C57BL/6J mice.