bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Banks and their technology investment decision are aligned or not – an experience of Indian banks
Authors: Chhabra Roy Neha 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to measure the impact of technology spend on bank profitability focusing on Indian public and private sector commercial banks. The study also assesses the longevity duration of impact for both public and private sector banks. The trade-off is created between the bank’s profitability and technology spent across four identified columns: increase product sales, reduce cost, enhance employee efficiency and optimally use existing resources.

Design/methodology/approach
The metrics of four columns converted to measurable 11 financial alarming indicators and impact is again checked on profitability indicator ROE. The data used for empirical analysis for the study are between the year 2003 and 2019, across 12 public and 15 private banks. The interface between technology spend and profitability is measured using panel vector autoregression (VAR) and panel vector error correction model (VECM) and further the link between 11 financial indicators and profitability measures is established using panel data analysis.

Findings
The study found that there is a mixed effect of technology spent on profitability and performance of Indian banks, where public sector banks were found to be more unstructured over private sector banks. The study advises the optimal technology spend strategies to gain enhanced productivity for banking business which are to name a few – planned technology reserves, customer awareness campaigns for products, robust employee-customer motivation policy and customized technologies aligned to existing infrastructure.

Originality/value
The data was original and extracted from the Reserve bank of India website and respective banks’ annual reports.
Inflammation in psychiatry especially focused on depression
Authors: Monji Akira 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe etiology of depression remains unclear, while, in many aspects, the pathology of depression has recently been reported to be closely associated with inflammation. The inflammatory processes often found in the acute stage of depression might have a profound influence of the prognosis of depression. These processes might account for the underlying mechanism between depression and other disorders, including metabolic disorders and dementia. The relationship between depression and inflammation might shed new light on the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for depression.
The composition engineering of red‐emitting Eu3+‐doped Ca10.5(PO4)7‐type solid solution phosphors and application in LED
Authors: Wang Jindi , Huang Shuai , Yan Yu , Shang Mengmeng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this work, using Ca10.5(PO4)7 as the structural model, a number of Eu3+‐doped [Ca9Na3xY1‐x(PO4)7 (CNYP‐I, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1/2) ← Ca10.5(PO4)7 → Ca9+yNa3/2‐y/2Y(1‐y)/2(PO4)7 (CNYP‐II, 0 ≤ y ≤ 1)] phosphors were designed and synthesized through the heterovalent substitution of Y3+ and Na+ to Ca2+. The substitution mechanism, composition structure, luminescence performance, and thermal stability of Eu3+‐doped CNYP‐I (0 ≤ x ≤ 1/2) as well as the solid solutions of CNYP‐II (0 ≤ y ≤ 1), were discussed in detail. The morphology and element composition of CNYP‐I (0 ≤ x ≤ 1/2) and CNYP‐II (0 ≤ y ≤ 1) solid solutions were analyzed by SEM and EDS. The PL spectra of the specimens were containing the predominant red peak of emission at 612 nm caused via the transition of 5D0‐7F2, indicating that Eu3+ occupies the low‐symmetry center. Moreover, the site symmetry Eu3+ occupied changed with the x/y value. The luminous intensity of Eu3+‐doped CNYP‐I (0 ≤ x ≤ 1/2) and CNYP‐II (0 ≤ y ≤ 1) phosphors at 150°C maintained about 60% of room temperature. The representative compound CNYP‐I (x = 1/3) was used as the red phosphor to prepare a near‐UV based white LEDs along with Ra of 80.9 and CCT of 4100 K.
Expectile‐based measures of skewness
Authors: Eberl Andreas , Klar Bernhard 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn the literature, quite a few measures have been proposed for quantifying the deviation of a probability distribution from symmetry. The most popular of these skewness measures are based on the third centralized moment and on quantiles. However, there are major drawbacks in using these quantities. These include a strong emphasis on the distributional tails and a poor asymptotic behavior for the (empirical) moment‐based measure as well as difficult statistical inference and strange behaviour for discrete distributions for quantile‐based measures. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce skewness measures based on or connected with expectiles. Since expectiles can be seen as smoothed versions of quantiles, they preserve the advantages over the moment‐based measure while not exhibiting most of the disadvantages of quantile‐based measures. We introduce corresponding empirical counterparts and derive asymptotic properties. Finally, we conduct a simulation study, comparing the newly introduced measures with established ones, and evaluating the performance of the respective estimators.
Haptic Interfacing for Virtual Prototyping of Mechanical CAD Designs
Authors: Hollerbach John M. , Cohen Elaine , Thompson William , Freier Rodney , Johnson David , Nahvi Ali , Nelson Don , Thompson Thomas V. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A network-based real-time control architecture has been developed which integrates a haptic interface (the Sarcos Dextrous Arm Master) with an advanced CAD modeling system (Utah’s Alpha.1). New algorithms have been developed and tested for surface proximity testing, fast updates to local closest point on a surface, and smooth transitions between surfaces. The combination of these new algorithms with the haptic interface and CAD modeling system permits a user to actively touch and manipulate virtual parts as well as passively view them on a CRT screen.
Geometrically Nonlinear Response of Beam and Membrane Structures by Exact Reduction Technique
Authors: To Cho W. S. , Li Lingchuan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Large scale dynamic finite element analysis of complex nonlinear mechanical or structural systems can be very expensive. To significantly reduce the computational cost various techniques have been developed and presented in the literature. The reduction method based on symmetry group or the so-called group theoretic approach (GTA) of Healey and associates for bifurcation analysis and free vibration analysis of geometrically nonlinear systems with symmetries has been extended by the authors to deal with transient geometrically nonlinear response of structures discretized by the finite element method (FEM). Computed results for two discretized space trusses were obtained with the GTA, and presented by the authors in a previous paper. Application is further made of the GTA for the computation of geometrically nonlinear response of beam and membrane structures during the second phase of the investigation reported here. The obtained numerical results indicate that the GTA can be applied to relatively more complicated structural systems that include symmetry of nodal rotations. It was observed that the results obtained by the GTA are very accurate and the GTA is very efficient compared with technique for the full space problems.
Step Services for Sharing Product Models in a Virtual Enterprise
Authors: Hardwick Martin , Spooner David L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper focuses on managing product data in a distributed information infrastructure for a virtual enterprise. It exploits the emerging STEP standards as a common representation for exchanging product data within this infrastructure. A set of STEP services is defined that provide the capability for engineers to retrieve and edit parts or a product model and to integrate those edited parts back into the product model. A demonstration of these services as part of a National Industrial Information Infrastructure Protocols Consortium demonstration is then described. The paper ends by discussing lessons learned from this demonstration. It also discusses future plans for development of the STEP services.
Integrated Design and Rapid Manufacturing Over the Internet
Authors: Rajagopalan Sanjay , Pinilla J. Miguel , Losleben Paul , Tian Qi , Gupta Satyandra K. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
An Internet-based infrastructure is being developed in order to provide designers with access to multiple layered-manufacturing services. The design domain being addressed is that of small mechanisms or electro-mechanical assemblies that would be used in robots or other mechatronic devices. The approach presented relies on the formalization of the data exchange interface between designers and manufacturers. The primary operatives in this system are Design Clients, Manufacturing Services and Process Brokers. The Design Client allows designers to submit completed designs for algorithmic decomposition, or alternately, to compose a design from primitives and library components that have been primed with some process-related information. During this early phase, the Manufacturing Service consists of a highly automated machine that can be used to build ceramic parts, and the associated software components for design decomposition, process planning and machine control. In later phases, multiple service providers will be made accessible. The Process Broker implements a number of supporting services including process selection and optimal part orientation. Future broker services will include manufacturability analysis, directory services and accreditation etc. Currently, this interface is being built and evaluated internally at Stanford and CMU. It will be made available for use by other selected universities in the near future.
An FMS Control Structure: Data Modeling and Execution Components
Authors: Jeon Joongnam , Smith Jeffrey S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper describes the data modeling and execution components of a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) control model. The execution unit operates based on the organizational and operational information that describes an FMS. We have developed a unified machine model for the various kinds of machines and controllers. The layout and connection of them are represented in Port Connection Graph (PCG). The operational information is represented in the Process Flow Graph (PFG) and Task Flow List (TFL). For the execution unit, the thread concept of the concurrent system has been adopted in order to implement a manufacturing process where multiple parts can be manufactured simultaneously. Specially, the database unit is interfaced to the internet such that the manager or customers can access the database tables through a web browser. These control components work directly with a decision-making model described in the literature. Used together, the components can be combined into a fully functional FMS control system. An implementation in a full-scale FMS laboratory is described.
Computer Aided Dimensional Analysis and Scale Modeling
Authors: Zargar Yasir S. , Farhang Kambiz 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper a computer program for dimensional analysis and scale modeling is presented. The program can be utilized to develop the scaling law and the simlitude requirenments for any physical system. The scaling law and the simlitude requirenments are then utilized to generate the scale factors. Proper use of this program can save considerable amount of time for any scientist working in the area of dimensional analysis and scale modeling.
Adaptive Slicing of Heterogeneous Solid Models for Layered Manufacturing
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Kulkarni Prashant , Dutta Debasish 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A novel feature of Layered Manufacturing, an emerging manufacturing technology, is that it enables fabrication of heterogeneous objects (multi-material and functionally graded interiors). In our earlier work, we developed new modeling schemes (called heterogeneous solid models) for representing these heterogeneous objects by capturing both geometry and material information. One of the crucial steps for fabricating these heterogeneous objects in LM is adaptive slicing, a fundamental process planning task. In this paper, we describe how the heterogeneous solid models can be adaptively sliced to aid in the LM fabrication of heterogeneous objects.
Advanced FMEA Using Meta Behavior Modeling for Concurrent Design of Products and Controls
Authors: Kmenta Steven , Ishii Kosuke 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the use of Advanced Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (AFMEA) as a methodology for the concurrent design of electro-mechanical products and their control systems. The past two years have seen the extension of AFMEA to simulate dynamic changes of device operations using meta-behavior modeling. This approach can help engineers identify failure modes associated with controls and their interaction with physical systems and drive system design toward more reliable solutions. The proposed method uses behavior modeling to map control functions to physical entities and identifies failure modes as the departure from intended control functions. AFMEA provides a framework for controls and hardware developers to discuss and understand the relationship between sub-systems, controls, and overall system performance. An example of a power generation system illustrates how AFMEA applies to the early stages of layout and controls design.
Preserving Design Intent in Data Integration Between Virtual Prototyping and CAD Systems
Authors: Jayaram Sankar , Jayaram Uma , Kreitzer Robert 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
State of the art CAD/CAM technology enables the capture of user design intent through the use of assembly constraints, features, parameters, etc. However, due to the large size of the CAD models, engineers are using other virtual prototyping methods for visualization and complete assembly analysis. Constraint and parameter information is lost in the transfer of models from the CAD system to the virtual prototyping systems. In virtual prototyping systems, users typically have tools to modify the location of an assembly component. In order to maintain model validity, procedures need to be developed to transfer these modifications back to the CAD system while maintaining the design intent of the original CAD user. In other words, how do we take information about changes to absolute or relative location and orientation of a component and transform this to updated constraint and parametric information in the original CAD model?
In this paper, we address this need to update the constraints and parametric information of a CAD model based on location and orientation changes communicated from a virtual prototyping system. After analyzing and categorizing the assembly constraints in a typical feature-based CAD system, we propose a methodology to decide what information needs to be updated, and a procedure to update the information — all based on the original design intent captured in the constraints. The results of a test case to validate the methodology are also presented.
High-Lift Optimization Design Using Neural Networks on a Multi-Element Airfoil
Authors: Greenman Roxana M. , Roth Karlin R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The high-lift performance of a multi-element airfoil was optimized by using neural-net predictions that were trained using a computational data set. The numerical data was generated using a two-dimensional, incompressible, Navier-Stokes algorithm with the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model. Because it is difficult to predict maximum lift for high-lift systems, an empirically-based maximum lift criteria was used in this study to determine both the maximum lift and the angle of attack at which it occurs. Multiple input, single output networks were trained using the NASA Ames variation of the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm for each of the aerodynamic coefficients (lift, drag, and moment). The artificial neural networks were integrated with a gradient-based optimizer. Using independent numerical simulations and experimental data for this high-lift configuration, it was shown that this design process successfully optimized flap deflection, gap, overlap, and angle of attack to maximize lift. Once the neural networks were trained and integrated with the optimizer, minimal additional computer resources were required to perform optimization runs with different initial conditions and parameters. Applying the neural networks within the high-lift rigging optimization process reduced the amount of computational time and resources by 83% compared with traditional gradient-based optimization procedures for multiple optimization runs.
A Comparison of Flashover Theories
Authors: Kim Hyeong-Jin , Lilley David G. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In structural fires, flashover is characterized by the rapid transition in fire behavior from localized burning of fuel to the involvement of all combustibles in the enclosure. Major parameters affecting flashover are fire growth rate, ventilation opening area, and room area. A comparison of flashover theories is undertaken using the Thomas, Babrauskas and the FASTLite theories, concentrating on the similarities and differences between the theories in their assessment of the major parameters affecting flashover.
Mixed Convective Heat Transfer From Rotating Spheres
Authors: Heydari Ali , Firoozabadi Bahar , Fazelli Hamid 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of flow and heat transfer over a rotating axsisymmetric body of revolution in a mixed convective heat transfer along with surface conditions of heating or cooling as well as surface transpriation. Boundary-layer approximation reduces the elliptic Navier-Stokes equations to parabolic equations, where the Keller-Cebeci method of finite-difference solution is used to solve the resulting system of partial-differential equations. Comparison of the calculated values of the velocity and temperature profiles as well as the shear and the heat transfer coefficients at the surface for the case of a sphere with the available literature data indicate the model well predicts the boundary-layer flow and heat transfer over a rotating axsisymmetric body.
Laser-Beam Fusion of Predeposited Metal Powder for Layered Manufacturing: Modeling, Simulation, and Experiment
Authors: Yevko Vladimir , Zak Gene , Park Chul B. , Coyle Tom W. , Benhabib Beno 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Current commercial Rapid Prototyping (RP) systems can be used for fabricating layered models for subsequent creation of fully-dense metal parts using investment casting. Due to increased demand for shortened product development cycles, however, there exists a demand to rapidly create functional fully-dense metal parts without hard tooling. A possible solution to this problem is direct layered Rapid Manufacturing (RM) of such parts, for example, via laser-beam fusion of the metal powder. The RM process proposed herein is based on this approach. It involves selective laser-beam scanning of a predeposited metal-powder layer, forming fully-dense claddings, as the basic building block of individual layers.
This paper specifically addresses only one of the fundamental issues of the proposed RM process, namely the fabrication of single claddings. Our theoretical investigation of the influence of the process parameters on cladding’s geometrical properties employed thermal modeling and computer process simulation. Numerous experiments, involving fabrication of single claddings, were also carried out with varying process parameters. Comparisons of the process simulations and experimental results showed good agreement in terms of overall trends.
Reliabilist Approach of Arched Tubes
Authors: Shakourzadeh Hossein , Djeni Jean-Claude , Braibant Vincent , Patou Pascal 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Understanding spring back for the arched tubes constitutes a major problem for every tube manufacturer. Even when the allowable fluctuations are limited to tenth of degrees, angular fluctuations of several degrees are usually observed. This indicates the importance of the problem. The aim of this study is to understand the role of materials in determining spring back characteristics of bent tubes. The first stage of the work thus consists in finding analytical, semi-analytical, numerical or even empirical models in order to formulate the spring back. These models are then validated by experimental tests. In second stage, an analysis of sensitivity is carried out in order to determine the influence of various parameters like the geometry, the process or material.
Sound Insulation Analysis of a Resin Composite Material Using the Homogenization Method
Authors: Yuge Kohei , Ejima Susumu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We propose a numerical method to predict the noise transmission loss of a resin composite cover, which considers the effect of the shape and the material properties of the microscopic reinforcements in a resin-composite. The mean material properties of the material are calculated with the homogenization method and the acoustic structural coupling analysis is made with the obtained material constants. The calculated results show that the sound insulation levels are affected seriously by the shape or rate of the reinforcements in the material, which suggests that the present method can be a good numerical method to determine the reinforcements in a resin to improve the sound insulation ability.
A Pattern Search-Based Algorithm for Three-Dimensional Component Layout
Authors: Yin Su , Cagan Jonathan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A pattern search-based algorithm is introduced for efficient component layout optimization. The algorithm is applicable to general layout problems, where component geometry can be arbitrary, design goals can be multiple and spatial constraint satisfactions can be of different types. Extensions to pattern search are introduced to help the algorithm to converge to optimal solutions by escaping inferior local minima. The performance on all of the test problems shows that the algorithm runs one-to-two orders of magnitude faster than a robust simulated annealing-based algorithm for results with the same quality. The algorithm is further extended to solve a concurrent layout and routing problem, which demonstrates the ability of the algorithm to apply new pattern strategies in search and to include different objective functions in optimization.
Optimum Topology of Embossed Ribs in Stamped Plates
Authors: Soto Ciro A. , Yang Ren Jye 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a methodology to compute the optimum topology of embossed ribs (also known as beads) in stamped plates. The pattern and orientation of embossed ribs are determined using topology optimization techniques as introduced by Bendsøe and Kikuchi (1988). The particular characteristics of embossed ribs in membrane and pure bending deformations are considered in the analysis model to closely simulate their structural behavior. What makes this approach unique is that the optimum solution is made of two materials, one with orthotopic properties which is optimally distributed within a second material with isotropic properties that model the non-ribbed plate. An example of a vehicle fuel tank is included to illustrate the potential use of this methodology.