bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mask RCNN algorithm for nuclei detection on breast cancer histopathological images
Authors: Huang Hui , Feng Xi'an , Jiang Jionghui , Chen Peiyu , Zhou Suying 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNuclei detection is a key step in computer assisted pathology. Due to the variability of the size, shape, appearance, and texture of breast cancer nuclei in histopathological images, automated nuclei detection has always been a difficult aspect of computer‐aided pathology research. In this article, Mask RCNN is presented for the automatic detection of nuclei on high‐resolution histopathological images of breast cancer. Mask RCNN uses the ResNet network and effectively combines modules such as feature pyramid networks (FPN), ROIAlign, and fully convolutional networks (FCN). FPN can efficiently extract features of various dimensions in images. ROIAlign can improve the accuracy of the detection model in the detection task. FCN renders the prediction results more detailed. The experiment results show that the application of this algorithm is superior to other algorithms in terms of its intuitive vision, as well as in performance indicators such as accuracy, recall, and F‐Measure.
Intermetallic interphases in lithium metal and lithium ion batteries
Authors: Sun Ke , Peng Zhangquan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA robust electrode–electrolyte interface is the cornerstone for every battery system, as demonstrated in the meandering history of the development of Li‐ion batteries (LIBs). In the thrust to replace the graphite anode with more energetic ones in LIBs, the effectual strategy for stabilizing the original graphite–electrolyte interface becomes obsolete and a new anode–electrolyte interface needs reconfiguration. Unfortunately, this interface has become the Achilles' heel for those anodes, such as Li‐metal anode (LMA) and Si‐based anode owing to their excessive reductivity, enormous volume change, and so forth. Encouragingly, in the last decade, impressive progress has been made on taming these extremely unstable interfaces and on the solid‐state batteries (SSBs) that are reported to be less susceptible to parasitic reactions. One of the distinguished strategies is the application of artificial Li‐alloying intermetallic interphases onto the surface of LMA, via the direct introduction of foreign metals to the Li anode or indirect hetero‐cations doping in the electrolyte, to regulate the Li deposition/stripping behavior, which has markedly improved the stability of the LMA–electrolyte interface. In parallel, the intermetallic interphases are also witnessed to profoundly enhance the anode–solid electrolyte contact and the corresponding charge transfer kinetics in various SSBs. This review will provide a panoramic overview of the application of the intermetallic interphases at the anode–electrolyte interfaces in the lithium metal batteries (LMBs), SSBs, and also derivative works in the conventional LIBs, which will focus on different concepts, methodologies, and understandings from the encircled studies.image
Biosafety and biodegradation studies of AZ31B magnesium alloy carotid artery stent in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Erişen Deniz Eren , Zhang Yuqi , Zhang Bingchun , Yang Ke , Chen Shanshan , Wang Xiaolin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBiosafety of AZ31B magnesium (Mg) alloy and the effect of its degradation products on tissues, organs, and whole systems are highly needed to be evaluated before clinical application. This study serves a wide variety of safety evaluations of biodegradable AZ31B alloy on nerve cells. As a result of this in vitro study, the maximum aluminum (Al) ion and Mg ion concentrations in the medium were estimated to be 22 μmol/L and 2.75 mmol/L, respectively, during degradation. In addition, the corresponding cell mortality was observed to be 36% and lower than 5% according to the resistance curves of the cell to Mg and Al ions. Furthermore, the maximum Al ion and Mg ion concentrations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were detected to be 26.1 μmol/L and 1.2 mmol/L, respectively, for 5 months implantation. Combining the result of in vivo dialysis with the result of ion tolerance assay experiments, the actual death rate of nerve cells is estimated between 4 and 10% in vivo, which is lower than the result of in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation. Moreover, no psychomotor disability during clinical studies is observed. Consequently, stent made of AZ31B alloy with surface treatment is feasible for carotid artery stenosis, and it is safe in terms of cell viability on the nervous system.
Photophysical properties of heavy atom containing tetrasulfonyl phthalocyanines as possible photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy
Authors: De Simone Bruna Clara , Alberto Marta Erminia , Russo Nino , Toscano Marirosa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe excitation energies, singlet‐triplet energy gap and spin‐orbit coupling constants for Zn‐, GaCl‐, Pd‐, and Pt‐ tetrasulfonyl phthalocyanines complexes (ZnPc, GaClPc, PdPc, and PtPc) have been computed by using the density functional theory and employing the M06 exchange‐correlation functional. Results show that these systems possess interesting photophysical properties, which make them possible photosensitizers to be proposed in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Absorption energies of all the complexes examined have been found falling inside the so‐called therapeutic window (550–800 nm). Singlet‐triplet energy gap values are higher than those required for the production of cytotoxic molecular oxygen and the spin‐orbit coupling constants are such as to ensure an efficient spin orbit intersystem crossing. The obtained data are consistent with the experimental oxygen singlet quantum yields. The platinum complex appears to be the most effective candidate to propose for PDT.
Examining the multilevel associations between psychological wellbeing and social trust: A primary analysis of survey data
Authors: Kim Harris Hyun‐soo , Shin Areum 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe present study examines the associations between multiple measures of social trust and two outcomes of psychological wellbeing (happiness and depression) among South Korean adults (n = 1549) living in residential communities, that is, administrative districts (n = 77) in and around the capital city of Seoul. Based on multilevel modeling, we find that familial trust positively predicts happiness at both individual and contextual levels; and it negatively predicts depression at the individual level only. In comparison, peer trust is negatively related only to depression at the individual level, albeit marginally. Lastly, general trust significantly predicts both outcomes at the community, but not individual, level. These mixed findings suggest that the trust‐wellbeing relationship depends critically on issues of definition (how the variables are conceptualized) and measurement (how they are operationalized according to different units of analysis). Our study offers implications for the literature on social determinants of mental health broadly and, more specifically, on the role of social trust.
Epigenetic reprogramming enhances the therapeutic efficacy of osteoblast‐derived extracellular vesicles to promote human bone marrow stem cell osteogenic differentiation
Authors: Man Kenny , Brunet Mathieu Y. , Fernandez‐Rhodes Maria , Williams Soraya , Heaney Liam M. , Gethings Lee A. , Federici Angelica , Davies Owen G. , Hoey David , Cox Sophie C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging in tissue engineering as promising acellular tools, circumventing many of the limitations associated with cell‐based therapies. Epigenetic regulation through histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition has been shown to increase differentiation capacity. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential of augmenting osteoblast epigenetic functionality using the HDAC inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of osteoblast‐derived EVs for bone regeneration. TSA was found to substantially alter osteoblast epigenetic function through reduced HDAC activity and increased histone acetylation. Treatment with TSA also significantly enhanced osteoblast alkaline phosphatase activity (1.35‐fold), collagen production (2.8‐fold) and calcium deposition (1.55‐fold) during osteogenic culture (P ≤ 0.001). EVs derived from TSA‐treated osteoblasts (TSA‐EVs) exhibited reduced particle size (1‐05‐fold) (P > 0.05), concentration (1.4‐fold) (P > 0.05) and protein content (1.16‐fold) (P ≤ 0.001) when compared to untreated EVs. TSA‐EVs significantly enhanced the proliferation (1.13‐fold) and migration (1.3‐fold) of human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) when compared to untreated EVs (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, TSA‐EVs upregulated hBMSCs osteoblast‐related gene and protein expression (ALP, Col1a, BSP1 and OCN) when compared to cells cultured with untreated EVs. Importantly, TSA‐EVs elicited a time‐dose dependent increase in hBMSCs extracellular matrix mineralisation. MicroRNA profiling revealed a set of differentially expressed microRNAs from TSA‐EVs, which were osteogenic‐related. Target prediction demonstrated these microRNAs were involved in regulating pathways such as ‘endocytosis’ and ‘Wnt signalling pathway’. Moreover, proteomics analysis identified the enrichment of proteins involved in transcriptional regulation within TSA‐EVs. Taken together, our findings suggest that altering osteoblasts’ epigenome accelerates their mineralisation and promotes the osteoinductive potency of secreted EVs partly due to the delivery of pro‐osteogenic microRNAs and transcriptional regulating proteins. As such, for the first time we demonstrate the potential to harness epigenetic regulation as a novel engineering approach to enhance EVs therapeutic efficacy for bone repair.
Wind stilling‐reversal across Sweden: The impact of land‐use and large‐scale atmospheric circulation changes
Authors: Minola Lorenzo , Reese Heather , Lai Hui‐Wen , Azorin‐Molina Cesar , Guijarro Jose A. , Son Seok‐Woo , Chen Deliang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study analyses for the first time the break in the stilling detected by previous research around 2010, with focus in Sweden using homogenized near‐surface mean and gust wind speed observations for 1997–2019. During the recent past two decades, both mean and gust wind magnitude and frequency (exceeding the 90th percentile) underwent nonlinear changes, driven by the dominant winter variability. In particular, consistent with previous studies, the significant (p < .05) stilling ceased in 2003, followed by no clear trend afterwards. The detected stilling‐reversal is linked to large‐scale atmospheric circulation changes, in particular to the North Atlantic Oscillation for both mean and gust wind changes, and the intensity changes of extratropical cyclones passing across Sweden especially for wind gusts. Furthermore, in different wind change phases, the observed wind distribution did not vary uniformly for the various wind speed ranges; instead, strong winds drove most of the changes. In the same way, increases in gust winds are greater compared to changes in mean wind speed conditions. The stilling‐reversal is also identified by the ERA5 reanalysis, where large‐scale atmospheric circulation changes are captured. But the background slowdown detected in most stations does not appear in the ERA5 data as the observed increase in forest cover is not considered in the reanalysis. This study reveals that, in addition to the large‐scale interannual variability, changes in surface roughness (e.g., changes in forest cover) contribute to the observed wind variability across Sweden.
The role of teleconnection patterns in the variability and trends of growing season indices across Europe
Authors: Craig Philip M. , Allan Richard P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTeleconnection patterns affect the weather and climate on both interannual and decadal timescales which in turn affects various socio‐economic sectors such as agriculture. We use three climate indices based on E‐OBS data from the INDECIS dataset (growing season onset [ogs10], growing season rainfall [gsr] and growing season temperature [ta_o]) to assess the interannual variability and trends over 1950–2017 associated with four teleconnection patterns (North Atlantic Oscillation [NAO], East Atlantic pattern [EA], Scandinavian pattern [SCA] and East Atlantic/West Russia pattern [EAWR]) using linear regression to extract the signal of each teleconnection pattern and their contribution to interannual variability. Trends towards an earlier growing season onset are found across most of Europe in low‐lying regions. The NAO dominates interannual variability in northwest Europe where an NAO index of 1 is associated with earlier ogs10 of about 10 days and the EA dominates the continent with a trend towards the positive EA phase driving an earlier growing season onset of 1.1–1.7 days·decade−1 in five regions (Great Britain and Ireland, France, Italy, Poland and North Germany, Hungary, Balkans). The EA and SCA gsr signals have north/south splits of orientation: positive EA is linked to increased gsr in northern regions and reduced gsr in southern Europe, and vice versa for SCA. Correlations between gsr interannual variability and the teleconnection contributions are strongest in the Mediterranean regions and south Scandinavia with maxima of 0.41 and 0.46, respectively. Decreasing ta_o trends in Romania are explained by poor data coverage causing problems with the EOBS gridding algorithm when new stations are incorporated from 1961. The net effect is that Romanian ta_o is about 1.5°C cooler than expected compared to trends from surrounding countries. Improved spatial and temporal data coverage will benefit the EOBS dataset and prevent such erroneous trends.
Climatology of the heat low and the intertropical discontinuity in the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Fonseca Ricardo , Francis Diana , Nelli Narendra , Thota Mohan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this article, the climatological state and the seasonal variability of the Arabian heat low (AHL) and the intertropical discontinuity (ITD) are investigated over the Arabian Peninsula using the 1979–2019 ERA‐5 reanalysis data. The AHL is a summertime feature, mostly at 15°–35°N and 40°–60°E, exhibiting a clear strengthening over the last four decades in line with the observed increase in surface temperature. However, no clear shift in its position is detected. The AHL, driven by both thermodynamic and dynamic forcing, is broader and stronger during daytime and exhibits considerable variability on day‐to‐day timescales, likely due to the convection associated with the Asian summer monsoon. The ITD is the boundary between the hot and dry desert air and the cooler and more moist air from the Arabian Sea. It lies along the Arabian Peninsula's southern coastline in the cold season but reaches up to 28°N between 50° and 60°E in the summer months. While in the former it has a rather small diurnal variability; in the latter it shows daily fluctuations of up to 10° in latitude. The presence of the Sarawat Mountains over southwestern Saudi Arabia precludes a northward migration of the ITD in this area. The ITD exhibited a weak northward migration in the 41‐year period, likely due to the increased sea surface temperatures in the Arabian Sea. On inter‐annual timescales, the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation, the Indian Ocean Dipole, and solar‐geomagnetic effects play an important role in the AHL's and ITD's variability.
Impact of financial literacy models on the financial behavior of individuals: An empirical study on the Indian context
Authors: Bhandare Purushottam Vishnu , Guha Samapti , Chaudhury Rimita Hom , Ghosh Chandralekha 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDifferent financial literacy models adopted by formal and semi‐formal institutes have dissimilar impacts on individuals' decision‐making and financial behavior. Individuals who participated in semi‐formal financial literacy training are more likely to borrow than those who participated in the formal financial literacy training program. Decomposition suggests that people who participated in the formal financial literacy program are more likely to subscribe to insurance services than people trained from semi‐formal financial literacy program. Individuals who participated in the semi‐formal financial literacy training program are more satisfied with their current financial situation than those who participated in the formal literacy training program.
How does the Fintech services delivery affect customer satisfaction: A scenario of Jordanian banking sector
Authors: Alkhazaleh Ayman Mansour Khalaf , Haddad Hossam 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe availability of financial technology services, accessibility, ease of use and performance, transaction costs, and service security of Fintech have a positive and significant effect on banks' customer satisfaction. Effective financial technology services assist and preserve customers, who increase the revenues generated by the banks and economic growth.
Predictors of surgical complications in patients with sinonasal malignancy
Authors: Dodhia Sonam , Fitzgerald Conall W. R. , McLean Andrew T. , Yuan Avery , Valero Mayor Cristina , Adilbay Dauren , Mimica Ximena , Gupta Piyush , Cracchiolo Jennifer R. , Patel Snehal , Wong Richard J. , Shah Jatin , Ganly Ian , Cohen Marc A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesSinonasal and skull base tumors are rare, making it difficult to identify trends in surgical outcome. This study examines complications in a large cohort of patients undergoing surgery for sinonasal malignancy.MethodsFollowing IRB approval, an institutional database was reviewed to identify patients who underwent surgery for sinonasal or skull base malignancies from 1973 to 2016 at our institution. Charlson comorbidity index score and Clavien–Dindo grade were calculated. The main study endpoint was subgroup analysis of Clavien–Dindo Grade 0, Grades 1–2, and Grades 3–5 complications. An ordinal logistic regression model was constructed to assess the association between comorbidities, demographics, tumor characteristics, and surgical complications.ResultsIn total, 448 patients met inclusion criteria. Perioperative mortality rate at 30 days was 1.6% (n = 7). The rate of severe complications (Clavien–Dindo 3 or higher) was 13.6% (n = 61). Multivariate analysis using an ordinal logistic regression model showed no association between Charlson comorbidity index score and Clavien–Dindo grade of postoperative complication. Advanced T‐stage was significantly associated with complications (p = 0.0014; odds ratio: 3.442 [95% confidence interval: 1.615, 7.338]).ConclusionSurgery for sinonasal and skull base tumors is safe with a low mortality rate. Advanced T‐stage is associated with postoperative complications. These findings have implications for preoperative risk stratification.Key Points Surgery for sinonasal malignancy is safe with a 30 mortality of 1.6% and rate of severe complications of 12.8%.There is no association between patient comorbidity and post operative complication.On multivariate analysis, only advanced T stage was associated with increased rate of surgical complication.
Cell‐Free Human Papillomavirus‐DNA for Monitoring Treatment Response of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Campo Flaminia , Zocchi Jacopo , Moretto Silvia , Mazzola Francesco , Petruzzi Gerardo , Donà Maria G. , Benevolo Maria , Iocca Oreste , De Virgilio Armando , Pichi Barbara , Manciocco Valentina , Pellini Raul 
Published: July 2021

Objectives/HypothesisThe aim of this study was to assess the value of cell‐free human papillomavirus‐DNA (cfHPV‐DNA) as a diagnostic test for the post‐treatment surveillance of patients with HPV‐positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) through a systematic review and meta‐analysis.Study DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsA literature search was conducted in three databases (MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus) in January 2021. The population included patients with HPV‐positive HNSCC. The intervention was the use of the repeated liquid biopsy with circulating HPV‐DNA detection during follow‐up. The outcome was to establish the value of cfHPV‐DNA as a diagnostic test for the post‐treatment surveillance of patients with HPV‐positive HNSCC.ResultsTen studies included in the meta‐analysis provided a total of 457 patients with HPV‐positive HNSCC. The meta‐analytic study estimated the diagnostic performance of cfHPV‐DNA as follows: pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40–0.84) and 0.99 (99% CI: 0.96–0.99), respectively; positive and negative likelihood ratios of 62.5 (99% CI: 22.9–170.2) and 0.05 (99% CI: 0.013–0.24), respectively; and pooled diagnostic odds ratio of 371.66 (99% CI: 60.4–2286.7).ConclusionCurrently, the follow‐up protocol for HNSCC patients includes routine clinical evaluation and radiological imaging. Biomarkers to monitor this disease are not established. Considering its high specificity, cfHPV‐DNA represents a potential confirmatory test in the case of positive positron emission tomography and computed tomography. In the near future, cfHPV‐DNA could be used as a biomarker for monitoring the treatment response during the clinical trials of de‐escalation therapy or immunotherapy. Larger sample sizes and the homologation of study protocols and methodology are needed to better establish its utility in the clinical practice. Laryngoscope, 132:560–568, 2022
Associations between heteronormative information, parental support and stress among same‐sex mothers in Sweden—A web survey
Authors: Appelgren Engström Heléne , Borneskog Catrin , Loeb Carina , Häggström‐Nordin Elisabet , Almqvist Anna‐Lena 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimThe aim was to investigate same‐sex mothers’ self‐assessed experiences of forming a family, and the association between heteronormative information, parental support and parenting stress.DesignA quantitative, cross‐sectional study.MethodsIn a web survey conducted in Sweden in 2019, same‐sex mothers (N = 146) with a child aged 1–3 years answered questions about their experiences of forming a family through assisted reproduction and questions about parenting stress. Descriptive statistics describes the process of forming a family. Pearson's correlation analyses and independent sample t tests were used to test hypotheses about heteronormative information, parental support and parenting stress.ResultsSame‐sex mothers experienced going through assisted reproduction treatment as stressful, and parental groups as not being supportive. Heteronormative information correlated with both lower perceived parental support and higher perceived parenting stress. Non‐birth mothers experienced less acknowledgement and support than birthmothers.
Ultraconvergence of finite element method by Richardson extrapolation for elliptic problems with inhomogeneous boundary conditions
Authors: He Wen‐ming , Zhao Ren , Cao Yong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this article, Richardson extrapolation technique is employed to investigate the local ultraconvergence properties of Lagrange finite element method using piecewise polynomials of degrees () for the second order elliptic problem with inhomogeneous boundary. A sequence of special graded partition are proposed and a new interpolation operator is introduced to achieve order local ultraconvergence for the displacement and derivative.