bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Best Practice
Authors: Archibong Felix , Asibong Udeme , Okoye Ifeyinwa E. , Onyia Tony J. , Legogie Annette , Nformi Kemjei J. , Onah Cosmas Kenan 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
International best practice (IBP) in the healthcare sector is an approach that is put in place globally, acceptable standards to ensure patients' safety while providing quality healthcare to the community. It achieves such standards by defining the job roles of various professionals in the healthcare sector. In the Nigerian healthcare sector, despite the clear definition of the job roles of the medical laboratory scientist and clinical laboratory physicians (pathologist) by the various Acts of Law of the Federal Republic of Nigeria that established these two professions, there seems to be a misapprehension of the differences between these two professions. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of the health workers as it concerns the IBP on the scope of practice of medical laboratory science (MLS) and clinical laboratory medicine in Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional, observational design was used for this prospective study involving 427 health workers from the six geopolitical zones in Nigerian and Abuja, using a proportionate sampling technique. It was facility-based research using a validated semi-structured self-administered questionnaire.

Results:
Over 50% of the participants believed that MLS was the same as clinical laboratory medicine. Two hundred and ten participants (49.2%) did not know that analyses of samples in a clinical laboratory was the job responsibility of a laboratory physician.

Conclusion:
There was knowledge gap in the practices of both the MLS and the clinical laboratory medicine by health workers. Therefore, there is a need to create awareness through interprofessional education, workshops, and seminars to ensure understanding of job roles as this may promote harmony between these two professions in the health sector.
Transformasi Pemerintahan Kolaboratif dalam Pengendalian Pencemaran Limbah Sludge Oil untuk Pencapaian Blue Economy di Bintan
Authors: Ryan Anggria Pratama  , Dhani Akbar  
Published: April 2021

Peran strategis Kepulauan Riau sebagai lalu lintas perdagangan dunia dan pusat kegiatan di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau dapat dijangkau dari Singapura dengan jarak tempuh kurang lebih 1 – 2 jam perjalanan menggunakan sarana transportasi laut memberikan dampak buruk, salah satunya ialah pencemaran limbah sludge oil yang kerap terjadi di Perairan Bintan sejak tahun 1960-an dan mengancam perairan Bintan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan studi Kasus Sludge oil di Bintan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan analisis dokumen, analisis situs dan metode lain yang menghasilkan data yang bersifat deskriptif. Unit Operasional Penanggulangan tumpahan minyak harus terdiri dari perwakilan Kementerian Perhubungan, Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup, BASARNAS, Kementerian ESDM, Kementerian Dalam Negeri, Kementerian Luar Negeri, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan, Kementerian Kesehatan, Kementerian Kehutanan, Kementerian Keuangan, Kementerian Hukum dan HAM, TNI-AL, POLRI, BPMIGAS, BPHMIGAS, Gubernur, Bupati/Walikota yang sebagian wilayahnya mencakup laut serta Perusahaan Minyak dan Gas. upaya yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah belum cukup optimal dan perlunya berpindah dari cara lama ke cara baru, mengikutsertakan setiap aktor baik itu Government Actors ataupun nongovernment actors. Hal ini memudahkan pemerintah dalam menyusun bahkan melakukan penanggulangan yang menjamin tidak terulangnya pelanggarannya yang sama. Mengingat bahwa pelanggaran ini dapat merugikan negara, masayarakat, bahkan alam.
L'esprit D'entreprise des Universités et la Concurrence: Le Cas des Petites Universités Canadiennes
Authors: Bélanger Charles H. 
Published: April 2021

Cet article traite de la recherche dans Les petites universites (<5 000 etudiants a plein temps) et de la situation assez particuliere qui Jes caracterise a cet egard. Ces etablissements, que !'on pense generalement axes sur l'enseignement dans Jes arts liberaux, se consacrent avec succes a la formation de scientifiques. Les suggestions pratiques de planification strategique presentees ici visent a aug­ menter leur pouvoir competitif sur la scene universitaire et aleur eviter de sombrer dans l'oubli.
Power: An Example of Its Changing Nature
Authors: Rees Ruth 
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the paper is to describe some experiences of a female Associate Dean in a university faculty in terms of the Marshall (1984) typology of power to reveal its changing nature — evolving from a traditional perspective of having power over others towards one of a "web of relations" (Burbules, 1986). The typology, broadened through the literature review, contains five components of power: power over others, a traditional perspective; structural factors; power through others or facilitative power; power with others or empowerment; and personal power. The experiences of the author reveal that she sees herself as having little power over others and having many aspects of personal power. This finding is similar to two previous studies with women as managers (Adler, Laney, & Packer, 1993; Millers & Cummins, 1992). However, the author self-reflects that most of her power is facilitative power, although she believes that the ideal form we should strive for in the university would be empowerment, where the leader is the web builder so that others can be creating and generating power.
Myringoplasty and the factors that affect its success- a case based review
Authors: Kyrtata Natalia , Ahmed Shadaba 
Published: April 2021

Myringoplasty is the surgical treatment for the repair of tympanic membrane (TM) perforations. It is indicated for treatment of recurrent ear discharge, improving conductive hearing loss, and preventing future infections, especially in high risk groups. In this case-based review, the normal anatomy and physiology of the ear is described, followed by the way conductive and sensorineural hearing loss are differentiated through a detailed history, examination and investigations, including audiometry and tympanometry. The anatomy of the TM is explored and the causes, presentation and diagnosis of TM perforations, which are a cause of conductive hearing loss, are described
This review focuses on how myringoplasty is used to repair TM perforations, and what factors affect its success, relating the findings to four patients who have undergone myringoplasty. The underlay technique is used more frequently, yielding better results with fewer side-effects, especially for posterior perforations, whereas overlay is shown to be better for anterior perforations due to a better view of the TM, but has higher risks for graft lateralisation and blunting. Over-underlay is similar to underlay in success, but can only be applied where the handle of malleus is intact.
TM repair was shown to be independent of age, sex and timing of antibiotic administration, although chronic perforations take longer to heal. The effect of size on the surgical outcome is debatable, with different studies showing opposite results. Side-effects, alternative treatment options and potential biases in the studies are discussed, as well as the limitations of the information obtained from the cases.
The conclusion is that there is no “one-fits-all” procedure or graft that is suitable for the repair of all TM perforations, and each patient should be assessed on an individual basis, taking into consideration their own needs and wishes.
A perspectiva educativa nos laboratórios de pesquisa: um diálogo entre a escola básica e a universidade
Authors: Pereira Rodrigues Francisca Vânia , Strieder Roseline Beatriz , Cabreira Gomes Rafael , Depeyrot Jerome , Watanabe Graciella 
Published: April 2021

As pesquisas em ensino de ciências têm apontado a necessidade de incorporar, na formação dos alunos da educação básica, experiências educacionais que ultrapassem atividades formais, destinadas aos contextos das salas de aula. Partindo desse pressuposto, neste artigo, discutimos desafios e potencialidades associados às visitas aos laboratórios de pesquisa. Em especial, investigamos como atividades propostas por docentes da escola básica e ações de divulgar de cientistas, quando complementares, podem promover reflexões sobre o saber e o fazer científico. Para tanto, são trabalhados aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos associados às respostas e produções de alunos participantes de atividades de divulgação científica realizadas em um laboratório de nanotecnologia, articuladas a ações que ocorreram no contexto formal de educação. Dentre os resultados, destacamos desafios associados à superação da suposta neutralidade da ciência por parte dos alunos, em especial, da visão salvacionista enfatizada neste artigo. Defendemos que é preciso aumentar a frequência de atividades que promovam discussões sobre a produção e apropriação do conhecimento científico e tecnológico, sempre na perspectiva de articular escola básica e universidade, reconhecendo que ambas são responsáveis pela formação de cidadãos.
Proposta para abordagem de tópicos de Física Nuclear no ensino médio: análise de atividades com professores de Física em formação inicial
Authors: Werner da Rosa Cleci Teresinha , Da Roza da Silva Júpiter Cirilio , Ferraz Dias Johnny , Locatelli Aline 
Published: April 2021

O estudo parte do entendimento da importância em abordar conteúdos de Física Nuclear, assim como os de Astronomia, no ensino médio, por meio da preparação dos professores em seus cursos de formação inicial. Nessa direção, o presente estudo buscou responder à seguinte pergunta: qual a viabilidade de uma proposta didática que toma o Calendário Cósmico como suporte de contextualização dos conteúdos de Física Nuclear presente no ensino médio? Dessa forma, o objetivo geral do trabalho situa-se na perspectiva de analisar como licenciandos de Física acolhem a associação da Física Nuclear com eventos astronômicos enquanto proposta de ensino voltada a melhorar a sua compreensão conceitual, bem como possibilidade didática para seu exercício profissional futuro. Para tanto, o estudo elegeu como sujeitos de investigação um curso de formação inicial de professores de Física para discutir tal possibilidade. A proposta didática, operacionalizada na forma de um curso de extensão, teve como instrumentos de avaliação junto ao público investigado o uso de dois questionários, um aplicado no início das atividades e outro ao final. De forma geral, os resultados apontaram que os acadêmicos se envolveram com as atividades desenvolvidas, manifestando ampliação de seus conhecimentos no campo da Física Nuclear constatada por meio das respostas analisadas nos dois questionários aplicados.
Mulheres em cargos de liderança e os seus desafios no mercado de trabalho
Authors: Cembranel Priscila , Floriano Leonardo , Cardoso Jéssica 
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo compreende a identificação dos obstáculos e os principais desafios que se apresentam ao longo da carreira das mulheres. A metodologia desenvolve-se por meio de abordagem qualitativa, pesquisa de campo e utilização de técnica de questionário estruturado semi-aberto. Foram selecionadas 11 mulheres que atuavam como líderes em 8 organizações privadas do norte catarinense . Os dados coletados foram analisados com técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostraram que essas mulheres seguem a linha da grande maioria das brasileiras em cargos de liderança e apresentam insatisfação com seus salários. As entrevistadas também reconheceram as dificuldades de gerir equipes, liderar e conciliar a maternidade com o trabalho. A conclusão da pesquisa demonstrou que, o machismo ainda é percebido como desafio quando o assunto é maternidade, distinção salarial, barreiras a ambição profissional, julgamentos a aparência e o desrespeito da equipe frente a figura de liderança feminina. E, isso impõe desafios a serem compreendidos tanto pela gestão quanto pela literatura.
Fim da proteção do comércio bilateral brasileiro no setor têxtil e de confecções
Authors: Pereira Thiago Fellipe Lima Silva , Ferreira Monaliza de Oliveira 
Published: April 2021

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos do fim da proteção comercial internacional do setor (ATV) sobre o comércio bilateral do Brasil com seus parceiros importadores no período de 1997-2017. Para este fim foi utilizado o modelo gravitacional. Este estudo mostra que, mesmo com a falta de competitividade do Brasil no setor têxtil e de confecções, o fim do acordo sobre têxteis e vestuário (ATV) impactou positivamente o fluxo de comércio do país com seus parceiros comerciais. Conclui-se que o conhecimento das vantagens de um ambiente de comércio amplamente competitivo é vital para se avaliar políticas para melhor inserção do setor têxtil e de confecções no comércio internacional.
Up-regulation of peroxiredoxin 3 by high-risk human papillomavirus in cervical cancer cells
Authors: Liu Hou-Li , Sun Xiao-Juan , Li Xiaoyan , Li Jingmin , Bai Xianyong , Li Lianqin 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionPeroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3) is a member of PRX family with antioxidant functions by scavenging hydrogen peroxide. Since the development of cervical cancer is causally linked to high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) that induces oxidative stress, we conducted the present study to investigate the response of PRX3 to high-risk HPV infection.Material and methodsThis study included fifty-six patients with invasive squamous cervical cancer and sixty control patients with hysteromyoma. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect cervical oxidative stress and serum PRX3. The expression of PRX3 and oncoprotein E6 of HPV16 or HPV18 was examined in cervical cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry. Western Blot was applied to detect the expression of PRX3 and E6 in cervical cancer cell lines including CaSki, HeLa, and C33A.ResultsPatients with cervical cancer showed higher serum PRX3 than control patients with hysteromyoma. Levels of oxidative markers in cervical cancer tissues were elevated as compared to normal cervical epithelia. PRX3 expression was upregulated in cervical cancer tissues and the upregulation was positively associated with the expression of E6 of HPV16 or HPV18. The association was confirmed in HPV-containing cervical cancer cell lines including CaSki and HeLa.ConclusionsOur results indicated a positive response of PRX3 to HPV-induced oxidative stress. Serum PRX3 might be a potential indicator of active amplification of high-risk HPV in cervical cancer cells.
Impact of bottom trawling on sediment biogeochemistry: a modelling approach
Authors: De Borger Emil , Tiano Justin , Braeckman Ulrike , Rijnsdorp Adriaan D. , Soetaert Karline 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Bottom trawling in shelf seas can occur more than 10 times per year for a
given location. This affects the benthic metabolism, through a mortality of
the macrofauna, resuspension of organic matter from the sediment, and
alterations of the physical sediment structure. However, the trawling
impacts on organic carbon mineralization and associated processes are not
well known. Using a modelling approach, the effects of increasing trawling
frequencies on early diagenesis were studied in five different sedimentary
environments, simulating the effects of a deeper-penetrating gear (e.g. a
tickler chain beam trawl) versus a shallower, more variable penetrating gear
(e.g. an electric pulse trawl). Trawling events strongly increased oxygen
and nitrate concentrations in surface sediment layers and led to
significantly lower amounts of ammonium (43 %–99 % reduction) and
organic carbon in the top 10 cm of the sediment (62 %–96 % reduction).
As a result, total mineralization rates in the sediment were decreased by up
to 28 %. The effect on different mineralization processes differed both
between sediment types and between trawling frequencies. The shallow-penetrating gear had a slightly smaller effect on benthic denitrification
than the deeper-penetrating gear, but there were no statistically different
results between gear types for all other parameters. Denitrification was
reduced by 69 % in a fine sandy sediment, whereas nitrogen removal nearly
doubled in a highly eutrophic mud. This suggests that even relatively low
penetration depths from bottom fishing gears generate significant
biogeochemical alterations. Physical organic carbon removal through
trawl-induced resuspension of sediments, exacerbated by a removal of
bioturbating macrofauna, was identified as the main cause of the changes in
the mineralization process.
Multivariable evaluation of land surface processes in forced and coupled modes reveals new error sources to the simulated water cycle in the IPSL (Institute Pierre Simon Laplace) climate model
Authors: Mizuochi Hiroki , Ducharne Agnès , Cheruy Frédérique , Ghattas Josefine , Al-Yaari Amen , Wigneron Jean-Pierre , Bastrikov Vladislav , Peylin Philippe , Maignan Fabienne , Vuichard Nicolas 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Evaluating land surface models (LSMs) using available
observations is important for understanding the potential and limitations of current Earth system models in simulating water- and carbon-related
variables. To reveal the error sources of a LSM, five essential climate
variables have been evaluated in this paper (i.e., surface soil moisture,
evapotranspiration, leaf area index, surface albedo, and precipitation) via
simulations with the IPSL (Institute Pierre Simon Laplace) LSM ORCHIDEE (Organizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems) model, particularly focusing on the difference between (i) forced simulations with atmospheric forcing data (WATCH Forcing Data ERA-Interim – WFDEI) and (ii) coupled simulations with the IPSL atmospheric general circulation model. Results from statistical evaluation, using satellite- and ground-based reference data, show that ORCHIDEE is well equipped to represent spatiotemporal patterns of all variables in general. However, further analysis against various landscape and meteorological factors (e.g., plant functional type, slope,
precipitation, and irrigation) suggests potential uncertainty relating to
freezing and/or snowmelt, temperate plant phenology, irrigation, and contrasted responses between forced and coupled mode simulations. The biases
in the simulated variables are amplified in the coupled mode via
surface–atmosphere interactions, indicating a strong link between
irrigation–precipitation and a relatively complex link between
precipitation–evapotranspiration that reflects the hydrometeorological
regime of the region (energy limited or water limited) and snow albedo
feedback in mountainous and boreal regions. The different results between
forced and coupled modes imply the importance of model evaluation under both modes to isolate potential sources of uncertainty in the model.
The curled wake model: a three-dimensional and extremely fast steady-state wake solver for wind plant flows
Authors: Martínez-Tossas Luis A. , King Jennifer , Quon Eliot , Bay Christopher J. , Mudafort Rafael , Hamilton Nicholas , Howland Michael F. , Fleming Paul A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Wind turbine wake models typically require approximations, such as wake superposition and deflection models, to accurately describe wake physics. However, capturing the phenomena of interest, such as the curled wake and interaction of multiple wakes, in wind power plant flows comes with an increased computational cost. To address this, we propose a new hybrid method that uses analytical solutions with an approximate form of the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations to solve the time-averaged flow over a wind plant. We compare results from the solver to supervisory control and data acquisition data from the Lillgrund wind plant obtaining wake model predictions which are generally within 1 standard deviation of the mean power data. We perform simulations of flow over the Columbia River Gorge to demonstrate the capabilities of the model in complex terrain. We also apply the solver to a case with wake steering, which agreed well with large-eddy simulations. This new solver reduces the time – and therefore the related cost – it takes to simulate a steady-state wind plant flow (on the order of seconds using one core). Because the model is computationally efficient, it can also be used for different applications including wake steering for wind power plants and layout optimization.
Biometric Monitoring Devices: Modern Solutions to Protecting Athletes’ Data Privacy
Authors: Dietrick Tristan A. 
Published: April 2021

Smartwatches like Fitbits provide users with easy access to quantifiable health data. In the sports industry, tracking this biometric information may be particularly beneficial to athletes, whose livelihoods revolve around their health and fitness. Nonetheless, under the current regime, professional and collegiate athletes’ biometric health data are inadequately protected. Data privacy law is still in its infancy, but in the meantime, athletes must consider that motivations to sell or misuse players’ biometric information may outpace legal developments. This Paper will analyze the promise and risk of collecting professional and collegiate athletes’ health and biometric data, particularly through fitness wearables. It will provide a closer look at wearables in professional sports and consider the increased risk posed to college athletes. Finally, this Paper will consider possible solutions to maximize the benefits of newfound technology while simultaneously minimizing risks to players’ health information, privacy, and personal data ownership.
The Disproportionate Sales Tax Compliance Burden on Small- and Medium-Sized Online Businesses After Wayfair
Authors: Kim Karen 
Published: April 2021

Many states’ sales and use tax provisions, updated in response to the Supreme Court’s decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., will likely impose a disproportionate tax compliance burden on small- and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) that engage in e-commerce. Relative to large companies like Amazon and eBay, SMBs cannot absorb the high compliance costs associated with tracking, collecting, and remitting taxes. Wayfair expanded states’ authority to collect sales taxes on companies without a physical presence in the state. But states should wield this power judiciously. While mimicking South Dakota’s statute (upheld as constitutional in Wayfair) may help states avoid litigation, they would better promote the goals of fairness and efficiency by exempting a larger category of small vendors from sales tax obligations. In light of the COVID‑19 pandemic, which has acutely hurt SMBs, reducing sales tax-related compliance burden would also help states provide relief to struggling SMBs. States should (1) clarify which entities are subject to the remote seller and marketplace facilitator statutes and (2) raise the de minimis safe harbor thresholds that shield smaller businesses from having to remit taxes.