bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction and Risk Factor Analysis of Obesity-related Proteinuria among Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Tahaseen Syed Vaziha , Kiranmayi P. , Rakshmitha Marni , Anusha Bezawada 
Published: March 2021

Objective:
In the present modern era of time, poor and frantic lifestyle has led to an enumerate increase in the number of people with obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS). Epidemiological studies have shown the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk factors in individuals with obesity and MS; despite the nonclear evidence on the existing potential risk factors, it became important to reassess existing potential risk factors that are involved in disease progression and its further complications. The strongest risk factor of CKD, albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) recognized as a marker of MS and obesity. This study was carried out to identify the association of obesity (body mass index [BMI]) as a risk factor for albuminuria and to observe the dependence and association with albuminuria of each critical and basic factor of MS.

Design:
We conducted the potential risk factor analysis on 913 subjects, including 398 females and 515 males, from various diabetic hospitals of Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh from early 2013 to June 2015. The medical records of the patients followed up; the anthropometric measurements and clinical parameters were retrospectively collected. The total subjects were categorized as subjects with and without MS as per National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP-ATPIII) and the subjects with BMI more than 30 kg/m2 were defined as obese according to WHO classification.

Results:
Student's t test analysis indicates a significant difference for ACR with mean values of 39.5 ± 44.8 and 18.4 ± 24.3 (P < 0.0001) in subjects with MS and without MS, 43.4 ± 48.3 and 36.7 ± 42.5 (P < 0.02) in obese and nonobese subjects, respectively. Chi-square analysis showed a significant association (P < 0.05) between MS and ACR and correlation analysis manifested significant association (P < 0.01) between ACR and FBS, TG, B.P, and Age in subjects with MS. The subjects with high prevalence of albuminuria exhibited significant association with an odds ratio (OR) of 1 (referent) 1.9 (95% CI, 1.34–2.58, P = 0.0002), 1.5 (95% CI, 1.11–1.96, P = 0.0082) for FBS >110 mg/dL, and TG > 150 mg/dL, respectively. Although the subjects with obesity showed no correlation with albuminuria, the risk for albuminuria was 1.5 times (95%CI 1.03–2.40, P = 0.03) higher among obese male subjects compared to obese female subjects.

Conclusion:
Our study strongly supports that albuminuria is highly prevalent among the subjects, with MS showing a significant positive association between obesity (BMI) with albuminuria in males only.
Clinical profile of patients with patellar fractures at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Krishnamurthy G. , Kumar Goutham 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Patellar fractures are injuries of a serious nature. Among the skeletal injuries, they constitute about 1%. Males are affected double than that compared to the females. It is not easy to perform a stable form of reconstruction of the facture of the patella, and it is a major challenge to the surgeons.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to study the clinical profile of patients with patellar fractures.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted this study on forty patients with fracture patella in 2-year duration. The period of follow-up was 4–14 months. Management options included partial and/or total patellectomy and internal fixation with tension band wiring with K wire. All the fracture of patella cases by accident or due to fall were included. Careful clinical examination and history taking was carried out. X ray of the knee joint, anterior posterior, lateral view was also advised.

Results:
Male-to-female ratio was 4:1. Twenty percent of patients underwent conservative management. Among them, internal fixation with K wire banding was done in 60% of the cases, while 5% required total patellectomy and 15% required partial patellectomy. Majority, i.e., 85% had fracture of the patella due to road traffic accidents. Fifty-five percent of the cases had no complications. The most common complication was infections in 20% of the cases, followed by effusion in 10% and wire breakage in 10% of the cases. Only two cases had delayed union.

Conclusion:
As for as possible patella should be preserved with good surgical techniques, proper antibiotics and with good physiotherapy results are excellent.
A comparative study on the use of antioxidants and intralesional steroid infiltration in oral submucous fibrosis
Authors: Mishra Satyajit 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) affects all age groups in Orissa. Rampant use of tobacco, gutka, and betel chewing made it a significant public health problem. Various modalities of treatments have been tried to ameliorate consequences of disease including antioxidants, local and systemic steroid, physiotherapy alone or with assisted devices, placental extract injection, and split skin grafting with varying success rate.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to compare effect of antioxidants and intralesional steroid infiltration in OSMF.

Materials and Methods:
Hospital-based prospective study was carried out among fifty patients presenting with OSMF. Only Stage two patients with Grade 2 and 3 trismus were included. History, clinical examination, and punch biopsy were taken. They were divided into two groups of 25 each irrespective of age and sex. Patients in Group A were given injection hyaluronidase (1500 IU) mixed with triamcinolone (40 mg/ml). It was injected submucosally once a week for 8 weeks over multiple sites in oral cavity. Patients in Group B were given oral antioxidant capsule (containing lycopene 4 mg, zinc 7.5 mg, and selenium 35 mg) once daily for 8 weeks. All patients were followed up for 8–12 weeks at weekly intervals and then monthly once for 1 year.

Results:
Majority belonged to 26–35 years. Majority were consuming areca nut with Pan (52%). Burning sensation on taking food and trismus were common symptoms. Most common sign was fibrosis (70%). Injection hyaluronidase (1500 IU) mixed with triamcinolone (40 mg/ml) injected submucosally once a week for 8 weeks over multiple sites was significantly effective in trismus compared to oral antioxidant capsule daily once for 8 weeks.

Conclusion:
Injection hyaluronidase (1500 IU) mixed with triamcinolone (40 mg/ml) injected submucosally once a week for 8 weeks over multiple sites was more effective than oral antioxidant capsule daily once for 8 weeks.
Coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic and compliance with precautionary health behaviors
Authors: Alyami Hussain , Alyami Mohsen , Krägeloh Christian U , Nemenqani Dalal M , Henning Marcus A 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused major morbidity and mortality internationally. Most governments worldwide have enforced precautionary health measures such as social distancing, hand hygiene, and wearing gloves to limit the spread of this disease. In response to major health and economic stressors, individuals exhibit a range of different coping styles.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to identify coping strategies that are predictive of compliance with pandemic-related precautionary health behaviors in Saudi Arabia.

Settings:
A cross-sectional study was conducted online with a total of 1029 Saudi adult participants.

Materials and Methods:
The Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) questionnaire was administered as well as appraising the level of compliance with the Saudi Ministry of Health precautionary measures. Multiple regression analyses explored the associations between coping styles and precautionary health behavior compliance.

Statistical Analysis:
Multivariate multiple regression and linear regression analyses were used to analyze the data.

Results:
The active coping and religion Brief COPE subscales as well as age predicted compliance with all precautionary measures. The behavioral disengagement Brief COPE subscale predicted hand washing and social distancing while the substance use Brief COPE subscale and sex predicted wearing gloves.

Conclusion:
Compliance with COVID-19-related precautionary health behaviors is driven by different coping styles. Active coping and religion appeared to influence all three health behaviors which might guide public health officials in their efforts to develop effective public health campaigns, which further suggests the importance of involving the religious institutions in Saudi Arabia.
Prevalence of undiagnosed, preventable visual impairment in children with intellectual disability in special needs schools in Western Saudi Arab
Authors: Raffa Lina Hassan , Al-Shamrani Abdulrahman Zaid , Madani Firas Mohamed , AlQarni Ali Saad , Allinjawi Kareem Fazwi , Fagih Abdulrahman Khalid , Alhibshi Nizar 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Visual disorders have been reported to be higher among children with intellectual disability (ID) than among their peers without special needs; however, prevalence data on visual problems in children in Saudi Arabia are scarce.

Aims:
The aim of this study is to report the prevalence and causes of undiagnosed, correctable visual impairment in children with ID.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study of students enrolled in special educational needs schools in the western region of Saudi Arabia in April 2018. Teller visual acuity (VA) assessment and refractive errors were noted. Participants with mild to profound ID underwent detailed ophthalmologic examinations, including cycloplegic refraction, full orthoptic workup, biomicroscopy, and funduscopy.

Results:
A total of 61 students participated in this study. Ocular findings in decreasing prevalence were as follows: Subnormal VA (n = 41, 67.2%), refractive errors (n = 31, 51.7%), fundus anomalies (n = 13, 22%), significant strabismus (n = 9, 14.8%), abnormal head posture (n = 8, 13.3%), nystagmus (n = 3, 4.9%), anterior segment abnormality (n = 3, 4.9%), and extraocular motility abnormality (n = 2, 3.3%). Astigmatism was found in 22 cases (36.7%), followed by hyperopia (n = 13, 21.7%), myopia (n = 10, 16.7%), and anisometropia (n = 5, 8.3%). Students with syndromic ID had significantly more moderate-to-severe subnormal VA (P < 0.001) and myopic shift on cycloplegic refraction (P = 0.014 right eyes and P = 0.004 left eyes) than those with nonsyndromic ID.

Conclusions:
A considerable proportion of ID children have significant visual disorders. This emphasizes the need for adequate diagnostic and therapeutic national eye care services for children with ID.
Hepatitis D Seroprevalence in people with chronic hepatitis B in Lubumbashi (DRC)
Authors: Kabamba A.T. , Mwamba C.M. , Nyembo C.M. , Kabamba B.M. , Longanga A.O. 
Published: March 2021

Hepatitis B and D viruses are responsible for about 2 million deaths annually worldwide. In co-infection with hepatitis B (HBV) and D (VHD) viruses, the prognosis for hepatitis B is exacerbated by HDV. This study aimed at estimating the seroprevalence of hepatitis D among blood donors at Cliniques Universitaires and Hôpital Jason Sendwe in Lubumbashi. Screening for HBsAg was performed using rapid diagnostic tests and then confirmed by the Liaison XL test which was also used for screening for anti-HDV antibodies. Of 200 blood donors who tested positive for HBsAg, only four (2%) tested positive for anti-HDV antibodies. This study has the merit of highlighting, for the first time, HBV-HDV co-infection in Lubumbashi. Hepatitis D should be screened for in all HBsAg carriers with severe or chronic hepatitis in order to allow early management of these patients and thus avoid aggravation of liver disease. The limitations of this study are the lack of data on the course of liver disease, the genotype of HBV and HDV, the viral load of HDV and any current treatments.
Les virus des hépatites B et D sont responsables d’environ 2 millions de décès annuellement dans le monde. Lors de la coïnfection par les virus de l’hépatite B (VHB) et D (VHD), le pronostic de l’hépatite B est aggravé par le VHD. Cette étude voudrait estimer la séroprévalence de l’hépatite D chez les donneurs de sang des Cliniques Universitaires et Hôpital Jason Sendwe de Lubumbashi. Le dépistage de l’AgHBs a été réalisé au moyen des tests de diagnostic rapide puis confirmé par test de Liaison XL qui a été également utilisé pour le dépistage d’anticorps anti-VHD. Sur 200 donneurs de sang testés positifs pour l’AgHBs, seuls quatre (2%) se sont révélés positifs en anticorps anti-VHD. Cette étude a le mérite d’avoir mis en évidence, pour la première fois, la co-infection VHB-VHD à Lubumbashi. L’hépatite D devrait être recherchée chez tous porteurs d’AgHBs présentant une hépatite sévère ou chronique afin de permettre une prise en charge précoce de ces patients et éviter ainsi l’aggravation de la maladie hépatique. Le manque des données sur l’évolution de la maladie hépatique, le génotype de VHB et VHD, la charge virale de VHD et les traitements éventuels en cours constituent les limites de cette étude.
Characterization of train brake-blocks composite reinforced with aluminum-dross
Authors: Obidiegwu E.O. , Mgbemere H.E. , Ochulor E.F. , Ajayi P.A. 
Published: March 2021

Brake blocks are usually made from asbestos, metals and ceramics. It has been realised that asbestos discharges dangerous gases which can be harmful. This problem necessitated the search for human-friendly materials. Therefore, this paper studies the production and characterization of train brake blocks produced from clay reinforced with aluminum dross. This was done by producing samples of composite using clay from a deposit at Osiele and aluminum dross from Tower Rolling Mill Otta, both in Ogun state. The percentage composition of aluminum dross was varied from 0% to 25% to produce brake samples. Their wear rate, tensile strength, compressive strength, hardness, thermal conductivity and microstructure were analysed. The results from this project such as Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 7.4Mpa, Impact energy 6.92J, Hardness 28.8 HV, wear rate 0.0071g/sec and thermal conductivity of 0.01075 indicate that, with 5% aluminium dross it is possible to develop brake block that exhibits property recommended by Rail Industry Safety and Standard Board (RISSB).
Keywords: Train, Brake blocks, Clay composite, Aluminum Dross, Mechanical properties.
Reliability and protection in distribution power system considering customer-based indices
Authors: Nweke J.N. , Gusau A.G. , Isah L.M. 
Published: March 2021

A stable and reliable electric power supply system is a pre-requisite for the technological and economic growth of any nation. Nigeria's power supply has been experiencing incessant power interruptions caused by a failure in the distribution system. This paper developed a system planning approach as part of the key mitigation strategies for improved reliability and protection of the distribution network. The developed algorithm is tested using 33kV feeder supplying electricity to Kaura-Namoda, Zamfara State, Nigeria. A customer-based reliability index was used as a tool to evaluate the reliability assessment of the feeder test system. The result showed that alternative 3 gives better results in terms of improvement of the system average interruption duration index (SAIDI), which in turn gives the minimum interrupted energy. Also, it is found that a greater number of sectionalizing switches do not give better results. It is very important to place the sectionalizing switches at a strategic location. If it is located at such points that will facilitate to sectionalize the faulty sections faster and to make the supply available to the unfaulty part of the network. Hence the utility company should apply this mitigation algorithm for system reliability improvement, depending on their needs and requirements. Thus, utilities can optimize network performance and better serve customers by adopting mitigation strategies in addressing trouble-prone areas to achieve a stable and reliable supply
Keywords: distribution system; reliability; reliability indices; system performance evaluation; protection system; mitigation algorithms and sectionalizing switches
Библиотека Сергея Петровича Виноградова в ГМИИ им. А.С. Пушкина: опыт реконструкции
Authors: Sokolova E.V. 
Published: March 2021

This article is devoted to the reconstruction of the library of Sergei Petrovich Vinogradov (1853–1918), collector and historian of Russian engraved and lithographic portraits. The bulk of the library is currently kept in the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts. An extensive collection of graphics and the personal archive of S.P. Vinogradov is available there as well. Vinogradov`s books collection is a valuable historical source. Recreation of the process of its formation alongside with the collecting activity of the owner expands and enriches our understanding of the cultural and scientific life of that time. In the course of the study, general scientific methods of comparative analysis and synthesis were used. Based on the registration books of the Museum Research Library, an array of publications belonging to S.P. Vinogradov, their one-by-one scrutiny examination and attribution were carried out according to ownership characteristics - ex-libris and signatures. Special attention is paid to the study of presentation and owner inscriptions, marks and marginalities found on publications.
Статья посвящена реконструкции библиотеки Сергея Петровича Виноградова (1853–1918), собирателя и историка русского гравированного и литографированного портрета. Основная часть библиотеки хранится в настоящее время в Государственном музее изобразительных искусств имени А.С. Пушкина. Здесь же находится обширная коллекция графики и личный архив С.П. Виноградова. Библиотека Виноградова — ценный исторический источник. Воссоздание процесса ее формирования в неразрывной связи с собирательской деятельностью коллекционера расширяет и обогащает сведения о культурной и научной жизни того времени. В ходе исследования были использованы общенаучные методы сравнительного и источниковедческого анализа, атрибуции на основе анализа документов. По регистрационным книгам научной библиотеки музея было проведено вычленение из основного библиотечного фонда массива изданий, принадлежавших С.П. Виноградову, осуществлен их поэкземплярный просмотр и атрибуция по владельческим признакам — экслибрисам и подписям. Отдельное внимание уделено изучению обнаруженных на изданиях дарственных и владельческих надписей, помет и маргиналий.
Edema Paru Akut pada Pasien Eklampsia: Perlukah Penanganan di Ruang Perawatan Intensif?
Authors: Kartapraja Roni , Suwarman Suwarman 
Published: March 2021

Eklampsia adalah kelainan pada kehamilan yang ditandai dengan peningkatan tekanan darah disertai dengan proteinuria positif dan kejang yang muncul setelah minggu ke-20 kehamilan. Eklampsia dapat menimbulkan komplikasi terhadap ibu dan janin. Diantara komplikasi terhadap ibu yang muncul akibat eklampsia adalah edema paru akut. Edema paru akut terjadi pada 0,08% hingga 1,5% kehamilan dan merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian ibu hamil sehingga tergolong suatu keadaan darurat dan memerlukan penanganan segera. Faktor sirkulasi angiogenik, penurunan tekanan onkotik koloid, disfungsi sel endotel, atau peningkatan tekanan intravaskular disertai dengan peningkatan beban jantung diduga menjadi faktor penyebab terjadinya edema paru akut pada eklampsia. Penegakan diagnosa serta pemberian terapi yang tepat pada edema paru akut harus dilakukan sesegera mungkin untuk menurunkan angka mortalitas dan morbiditasnya. Terapi yang diberikan meliputi pemberian obat -obatan dan atau bantuan ventilasi mekanik. Penggunaan bantuan ventilasi mekanik dilakukan dengan pendekatan strategi lung recruitment yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki oksigenasi paru dan mampu meningkatkan kemampuan penyapihan ventilator serta mencegah kerusakan paru iatrogenik. Disamping pemantauan hemodinamik secara berkesinambungan, penggunaan ventilasi mekanik merupakan indikasi bagi pasien eklampsia dengan edema paru akut untuk menjalani perawatan di ruang rawat intensif.
Acute Pulmonary Edema in Patient with Eclampsia: are Really Need a Intensive Care Unit Treatment?
Abstract
Eclampsia is a disorder in pregnancy which is characterized by an increase in blood pressure accompanied by positive proteinuria and seizures that appear after the 20th week of pregnancy. Eclampsia can cause complications for the mother and fetus. Among the complications of the mother that arise due to eclampsia are acute pulmonary edema. Acute pulmonary edema occurs in 0.08% to 1.5% of pregnancy and is one of the causes of death of pregnant women so it is classified as an emergency and requires immediate treatment. Angiogenic circulation factors, a decrease in colloid oncotic pressure, endothelial cell dysfunction, or an increase in intravascular pressure accompanied by an increase in cardiac load are thought to be factors causing the occurrence of acute pulmonary edema in eclampsia. The diagnosis and the provision of appropriate therapy in acute pulmonary edema must be done as soon as possible to reduce its mortality and morbidity. The therapy provided includes the administration of medicines and or mechanical ventilation assistance. The use of mechanical ventilation assistance is carried out with a lung recruitment strategy approach that aims to improve lung oxygenation and be able to improve ventilator weaning capabilities and prevent iatrogenic lung damage. In addition to continuous hemodynamic monitoring, the use of mechanical ventilation is an indication for eclampsia patients with acute pulmonary edema to undergo treatment in the intensive care unit.
Modeling of Football Match Outcomes with Expected Goals Statistic
Authors: Partida Adan , Martinez Anastasia , Durrer Cody , Gutierrez Oscar , Posta Filippo 
Published: March 2021

Aim. Our research examined the predictive capabilities of mathematical models that are solely based on the expected goal statistics obtained from a publicly available database.
Method. We collected match and expected goals data for 310 matches from three European Leagues (Bundesliga, La Liga, and Serie A). We created three probabilistic models based on the expected goals statistic and compared them with two well-established probabilistic models using binomial deviance, squared error, and profitability in the betting market as evaluation metrics.
Results. Our best model adjusted the expected goal statistics for homefield advantage and outperformed the two probabilistic models used for comparison. Two of our models were profitable under certain betting conditions.
Limitations. Our models explored a simplistic integration of expected goals into a Poisson based probabilistic model and did not include other contributing factors such as a team’s defensive prowess. The number of games simulated was also limited due to the premature closure of the European Leagues due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusions. The use of a probabilistic model based solely on expected goals score statistic can provide some meaningful insight into forecasting the outcome of a football match and can develop useful betting strategies.