bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The PID Life Index: An Interactive Tool To Measure The Status of The PID Healthcare Environment in Any Given Country
Authors: Solis Leire , Nordin Julia , Prévot Johan , Mahlaoui Nizar , Sánchez-Ramón Silvia , Ali Adli , Cassignol Elodie , Seymour John , Pergent Martine 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The “Primary Immunodeficiencies (PIDs) principles of care” were published in 2014 as the gold standard for care of patients with PIDs. Since then, IPOPI, the International Patient Organisation for Primary Immunodeficiencies, has been working with national PID patient organisations as well as collaborating with scientific and medical institutions and experts to bring these principles closer to the day-to-day life of individuals with PIDs. Results: The PID Life Index was developed in 2020 to assess the status of the PID environment and the implementation of the 6 principles worldwide. The Index allows for benchmarking countries according to a set of principles and criteria or based on the user’s preferences. This can be displayed in an interactive map or through a data visualisation system. The 6 PID Principles of Care were reviewed to consider advances in the field of health and science, as well as to include political developments that had occurred since their initial publication in 2014. This resulted in the following 6 principles: PID diagnosis, treatments, universal health coverage, specialised centres, national patient organisations and registries for PIDs. All principles are given the same weight while the criteria have a specific weight. PID Life Index also includes documentation on each country, on PID specialised centres taking care of patients with PIDs (children or adults), on immunoglobulin replacement therapies registered in each country as well as a glossary of the terminology used. Conclusion: The PID Life Index aims at becoming a resource for patients with PIDs and their representatives, healthcare professionals, decision-makers and other relevant stakeholders interested in learning more about the concrete situation of patients with PIDs. With this tool IPOPI wants to increase awareness and information as well as support advocacy initiatives on PIDs nationally, regionally or globally.
Terahertz Time-domain Spectroscopy as a Novel Tool for Crystallographic Analysis in Cellulose: Cellulose I to Cellulose Ii, Tracing the Structural Changes Under Chemical Treatment
Authors: Wang Han , Kataoka Hiroki , Tsuchikawa Satoru , Inagaki Tetsuya 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has expanded possibilities in cellulose crystallography research, as THz radiation detects most intermolecular vibrations and responds to the phonons of crystalline lattices. In this study, we traced the transformation of the cellulose crystalline lattice from cellulose I to cellulose II by THz-TDS and X-ray powder diffraction. Cellulose II was obtained by treating cellulose I with NaOH of different concentrations (0 wt%–20 wt%, at 2 wt% intervals). The THz absorption coefficient spectra of cellulose II showed three characteristic peaks (at 1.32 THz, 1.76 THz, and 2.77 THz). The THz absorption coefficient spectra of cellulose II treated with 20-wt% NaOH and cellulose I without NaOH treatment were fitted by a seventh-order Fourier series. Thus, the THz absorption coefficient spectra of samples treated with NaOH of other concentrations could be considered a combination of these two fitted profiles of cellulose I and cellulose II, multiplied by different coefficients. Furthermore, the coefficients could reflect the relative contents of cellulose I and cellulose II in the samples.
Life Stage of Neighbors Determines Neighborhood Effect on Tree Mortality in a Subtropical Forest
Authors: He Yi , Liu Heming , Yang Qingsong , Cao Ye , Liang Mengfang , Zhou Shuangshuang , Wang Xihua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Neighborhood effects are a crucial ecological process that allow species to coexist in a forest. Conspecific and heterospecific neighbors, as major classified groups, affect tree mortality through various mechanisms associating with neighbor life stages. However, how neighbor life stages influence neighborhood effects and by what mechanisms remains a knowledge gap. Here we censused the mortality of 82,202 trees representing 30 species in a 20-ha subtropical forest and classified their neighbors into the following life stages: earlier, same and later. Then, we ran generalized linear mixed models to estimate the effect of neighbors at different life stages on tree mortality. Our results showed that conspecific later stage neighbors have effects on increasing tree mortality overall, whereas conspecific earlier stage neighbors have effects on decreasing. Furthermore, these opposing effects could offset each other so that the overall effect of conspecific neighbors on juvenile mortality seems small. In contrast, heterospecific neighbors have effects on decreasing tree mortality overall. These effects are consistent with those of later stage heterospecific neighbors. Our findings demonstrate that neighbors importantly impact tree mortality, and their specific effects are closely related to neighbor life stages. Any single effect from one neighbor life stage could disturb or dominate the total effects of the neighbors. Therefore, the neighbors must be divided into different life stages to best explain the neighborhood effect on forest dynamics.
Dual-gRNA Approach With Limited Off-Target Effect Corrects C9ORF72 Repeat Expansion In Vivo
Authors: Piao Xuejiao , Meng Dawei , Zhang Xue , Song Qiang , Lv Hailong , Jia Yichang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
C9ORF72 GGGGCC repeat expansion is the most common genetic cause for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia, which generates abnormal DNA and RNA structures and produces toxic proteins. Recently, efficacy of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing has been proven in treatment of disease. However, DNA low complexity surrounding C9ORF72 expansion increases the off-target risks. Here we provide a dual-gRNA design outside of the low complexity region which enables us to remove the repeat DNA in a ‘cutting-deletion-fusion’ manner with a high fusion efficiency (50%). Our dual-gRNA design limits off-target effect and does not significantly affect C9ORF72 expression. In neurons carrying patient C9ORF72 expansion, our approach removes the repeat DNA and corrects the RNA foci in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, we conclude that our proof-of-concept design correct C9ORF72 repeat expansion, which may have potential therapeutic value for the patients.
Direct Phone Communication To Primary Care Physician To Plan Discharge From Hospital: Feasibility and Benefits
Authors: ENZINGER Lukas , DUMANOIR Perrine , BOUSSAT Bastien , COUTURIER Pascal , FRANCOIS Patrice 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The discharge summary is the main vector of communication at the time of hospital discharge, but it is known to be insufficient. Direct phone contact between hospitalist and primary care physician (PCP) at discharge could ensure rapid transmission of information, improve patient safety and promote interprofessional collaboration. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and benefit of a phone call from hospitalist to PCP to plan discharge.
Methods
This study was a prospective, single-center, cross-sectional observational study. It took place in an acute medicine unit of a French university hospital. The hospitalist had to contact the PCP by telephone within 72 hours prior discharge, making a maximum of 3 call attempts. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients whose primary care physician could be reached by telephone at the time of discharge. The other criteria were the physicians' opinions on the benefits of this contact and its effect on readmission rates.
Results
275 patients were eligible. 8 hospitalists and 130 PCPs gave their opinion. Calls attempts were made for 71% of eligible patients. Call attempts resulted in successful contact with the PCP 157 times, representing 80% of call attempts and 57% of eligible patients. The average success rate for calls was 47%. The telephone contact was perceived by hospitalist as useful and providing security. The PCPs were satisfied and wanted this intervention to become systematic. Telephone contact did not reduce the readmission rate.
Conclusions
Despite the implementation of a standardized process, the feasibility of the intervention was modest. The main obstacle was hospitalists lacking time and facing difficulties in reaching the PCPs. However, physicians showed desire to communicate directly by telephone at the time of discharge.
Trial registration
French C.N.I.L. registration number 2108852. Registration date October 12, 2017.
Integration of a Task Strengthening Strategy for Hypertension Management into HIV Care in Nigeria: a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Study Protocol
Authors: Aifah Angela , Odubela Oluwatosin , Rakhra Ashlin , Onakomaiya Deborah , Hu Jiyuan , Nwaozuru Ucheoma , Oladele David , Odusola Femi , Idigbe Ifeoma , Musa Adesola Z. , Akere Ayodeji , Tayo Bamidele O. , Ogedegbe Gbenga , Iwelunmor Juliet , Ezechi Oliver 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn regions with weak healthcare systems, critical shortages of the healthcare workforce, and increasing prevalence of dual disease burdens, there is an urgent need for the implementation of proven effective interventions and strategies to address these challenges. Our mixed-methods hybrid type II effectiveness-implementation study is designed to fill this evidence-to-practice gap. This study protocol describes a cluster randomized controlled trial which evaluates the effectiveness of an implementation strategy, practice facilitation (PF), on the integration, adoption, and sustainability of a task-strengthening strategy for hypertension control (TASSH) intervention within primary healthcare centers (PHCs) in Lagos State, NigeriaDesignGuided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and the Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM), this study tests the impact of a proven effective implementation strategy to integrate hypertension management into the HIV care cascade, across 30 PHCs. The study will be conducted in three phases: 1) a pre-implementation phase that will use CFIR to develop a tailored PF intervention for integrating TASSH into HIV clinics; 2) an implementation phase that will use RE-AIM to compare the clinical effectiveness of PF vs. a self-directed condition (receipt of information on TASSH without PF) on BP reduction; and 3) a post-implementation phase that will use RE-AIM to evaluate the effect of PF vs. self-directed condition on adoption and sustainability of TASSH. The PF intervention components comprise: (a) an advisory board to provide leadership support for implementing TASSH in PHCs; (b) training of the HIV nurses on TASSH protocol; and (c) training of practice facilitators, who will serve as coaches, provide support, and performance feedback to the HIV nurses.DiscussionThis study is the first trial to evaluate the impact of an implementation strategy for integrating hypertension management into HIV care, on clinical and implementation outcomes. Findings from this study will advance implementation science research on the effectiveness of tailoring an implementation strategy for the integration of an evidence-based, systems level hypertention control intervention into HIV care and treatment.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04704336). Registered on 11 January 2021.
Anti-Proliferative, Antioxidant And Anti-Inflammatory Potentials of Cassia Nemophila Flowers
Authors: Rehman Gauhar , Shahjeer Kiran , Hamayun Muhammad , Rahman Abdur , Safi Dawood , Lee In-Jung 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cancer is characterized by abnormal growth and uncontrolled growth of cells. Adverse effect on various body functions. It is a multifaceted disease with many causes. Medicinal plants have the potential to treat disorders. The study was designed to examine the properties of ethanolic and n-hexane flowering plants of Cassia and living flowers. C. Nophila was selected for this study because it has a long history of traditional and modern Cassia drug discovery. The contribution of oxidants was confirmed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Anti-inflammatory activities were tested by the HRBC membrane-strengthening membrane. Cytotoxic effects are being investigated with respect to the activity of the HCT115 cancer cell line. Efforts are being made to identify potential AMPK agonist operations. To adjust the crystal structure of AMPK and its ligand, AMBER18 software was used. ligands developed by the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE2018). Viewing and analysis of AMPK and its users using PyMOL. For authentication software packages, Chimera and AutoDock Vina were used. The results revealed the medicinal value of C flowers. Absolutely, flowers of C. and life have many active ingredients that can be used as effective anticancer drugs. More research needs to be done to explore the many properties of these plant species.
A Climate Perspective of the Quasi-Stationary Front in Southwestern China: Structure, Variation and Impact
Authors: Cai Danping , Yang Xiu-Qun , Tao Lingfeng , Wang Weiping , Yan Hongming 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Yunnan-Guizhou quasi-stationary front (YGQSF) is a unique weather phenomenon that frequently occurs during winter half year over the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in southwestern China. Most of previous studies analyzed it only with synoptic cases. This study investigates the structure, variation, and impact of YGQSF from a climate perspective, using long-term high-resolution atmospheric reanalysis and high-density station records for 1981-2016. An objective method quantifying YGQSF is proposed and three indexes are defined to measure the intensity, frequency, and location of YGQSF, respectively, with the horizontal gradient of air potential temperature at a terrain-following level of sigma 0.995. With these indexes, climatological structure, subseasonal variability as well as climatic impact of YGQSF are comprehensively examined. In climatology, YGQSF as a north-south-oriented low-level front is found to occur the most frequently during January-February-March (JFM), determined predominately by the coldness from the east of the front. The structure of YGQSF identified essentially reflects an obstruction of high-terrain Yunnan (the western part of the plateau) to the low-level cold air mass, which makes near-surface cold northeasterly winds cease westward intruding and veer upward over relatively low-terrain Guizhou, transporting moisture upward and forming low clouds. A sharp climate contrast is thus formed between two sides of YGQSF: cold, sunless, and continuously rainy Guizhou versus warm and sunny Yunnan. Furthermore, YGQSF features significant subseasonal variations with periods at around 30d and 60d largely in its intensity. Anomalously strong YGQSF events which are caused 75% by the cold anomaly from the east but less than 17% by the warm anomaly from the west yield different anomalous structures, but consistently amplify the sharp climate contrast between Yunnan and Guizhou.
No Differences in the Long-Term Prognosis of Iris and Choroidal Melanomas when Adjusting for Tumor Thickness and Diameter
Authors: Sabazade Shiva , Herrspiegel Christina , Gill Viktor Torgny , Stålhammar Gustav 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective:To assess the long-term prognosis for patients with iris melanomas and compare it with the prognosis for small choroidal melanomas.DesignRetrospective observational case seriesMethodsAll patients treated for iris melanomas at a single referral institution between January 1st 1986 and January 1st 2016 were included. Patients treated for small choroidal melanomas during the same period were included for comparison. The cumulative incidence of melanoma-related mortality was calculated. Patient and tumor characteristics and size-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for melanoma-related mortality were compared between iris and small choroidal melanomas.ResultsForty-five iris melanomas and 268 small choroidal melanomas were included. Twenty-four iris melanomas (53 %) had been treated with local resection, 12 (27 %) with Ruthenium-106 brachytherapy, 7 (16 %) with enucleation and 2 (4 %) with proton beam irradiation. Twenty-three patients had deceased before the end of follow-up. Median follow-up for the 22 survivors was 13.3 years (SD 9.4, table 1). Patients with iris melanomas were more often asymptomatic at presentation and had a trend towards significantly lower age (59 versus 63 years, Student’s T-tests p=0.057). Further, iris melanomas had significantly smaller basal diameter (5.8 versus 8.0 mm, p< 0.0001) and tumor volume (79 mm3 versus 93 mm mm3, p< 0.0001) but greater thickness (3.0 versus 2.5 mm, p< 0.0001). The cumulative incidence of iris melanoma-related mortality was 5 % at 5 years after diagnosis, and 8 % at 10, 15 and 20 years. The incidence was not significantly different to small choroidal melanomas (Wilcoxon p=0.46). In multivariate Cox regression with tumor diameter and thickness as covariates, patients with choroidal melanomas did not have increased HR for melanoma-related mortality (HR 2.2, 95 % CI 0.5 – 9.6, p=0.29). Similarly, there were no significant survival differences in matched subgroups (Wilcoxon p=0.82).ConclusionsThere are no survival differences between iris and choroidal melanomas when adjusting for tumor size. The reason for the relatively favorable prognosis of iris melanomas compared to melanomas of the choroid and ciliary body is likely that they are diagnosed at a smaller size.
A synergistic strategy to develop photostable and bright dyes with long Stokes shift for super-resolution microscopy
Authors: jiang gangwei , Ren Tian-Bing , D’Este Elisa , xiong mengyi , Xiong Bin , Johnsson Kai , Zhang Xiaobing , wang Lu , Yuan Lin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The quality and application of super-resolution fluorescence imaging greatly lie in the properties of fluorescent probes. However, conventional fluorophores in a cellular environment often suffer from low brightness, poor photostability, and short Stokes shift (< 30 nm). Here we report a synergistic strategy to simultaneously improve such properties of regular fluorophores. Introduction of quinoxaline motif with fine-tuned electron density to conventional rhodamines generates new dyes with vibronic structure and inhibited twisted-intramolecular-charge-transfer (TICT) formation synchronously, thus increasing the brightness and photostability as well as Stokes shift. The new fluorophore BDQF-6 exhibits around twofold greater brightness (ε × Φ = 6.6 × 104 L·mol− 1·cm− 1) and Stokes shift (56 nm) than its parental fluorophore, Rhodamine B. Importantly, in Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy, BDQF-6 derived probe possesses a superior photostability and thus renders threefold more frames than carbopyronine- and JF608-based probes, known as photostable fluorophores for STED imaging. More BDQF-6 derivatives were developed next, allowing us to perform wash-free organelles (mitochondria and lysosome) staining and protein labeling with ultrahigh signal-to-noise ratios (up to 106 folds) in confocal and STED microscopy of live cells, or two-photon and 3D STED microscopy of fixed cells. Furthermore, the strategy was well generalized to different types of dyes (pyronin, rhodol, coumarin, and Boranil), offering a new class of bright and photostable fluorescent probes with long Stokes shift (up to 136 nm) for bioimaging and biosensing.
Pneumococcal Meningitis in Adults in 2014-2018 After Introduction of Pediatric 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Japan
Authors: Chang Bin , Tamura Kosuke , Fujikura Hiroyuki , Watanabe Hiroshi , Tanabe Yoshinari , Kuronuma Koji , Fujita Jiro , Oshima Kengo , Maruyama Takaya , Abe Shuichi , Kasahara Kei , Nishi Junichiro , Kubota Tetsuya , Kinjo Yuki , Serizawa Yusuke , Shimbashi Reiko , Fukusumi Munehisa , Shimada Tomoe , Sunagawa Tomimasa , Suzuki Motoi , Oishi Kazunori 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We assessed the impact of pediatric 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on pneumococcal meningitis in adults in Japan in 2014-2018 by comparing epidemiological characteristics of adults with invasive pneumococcal disease with (n=222) and without (n=1,258) meningitis. Pneumococcal meningitis annual incidence in 2016-2018 was 0.20–0.26 cases/100,000 population. Age (p<0.001) and case fatality rate (p=0.003) were significantly lower in patients with meningitis than in those without meningitis. Meningitis risk was higher in asplenic/hyposplenic or splenectomized patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.29, 95% CI 1.27–4.14), for serotypes 10A (aOR 3.26, 95% CI 2.10–5.06) or 23A (aOR 3.91, 95% CI 2.47–6.19), but lower for those aged ³65 years (aOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.44–0.81). PCV13 had an indirect effect on nonmeningitis, but its impact on meningitis was limited because of an increase in non-PCV13 serotypes. Of meningitis isolates, 78 (35.1%) and 3 (1.4%) were penicillin G- and ceftriaxone-resistant. We also confirmed association of the pbp1bA641C mutation with meningitis (aOR 2.92, 95% CI 1.51–5.65).
Synthesis and Properties of MoAlB Composites Reinforced with SiC Particles
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Li Shibo , Wu Shuang , Yao Boxiang , Fan Shukai , Bei Guoping , Yu Wenbo , Zhou Yang , Wu Ying , Ding Sun-an 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To develop MoAlB advanced ceramic with improved mechanical properties and oxidation resistance, the use of SiC particles to reinforce MoAlB composites has been adopted. 5–15 vol.% SiC/MoAlB have been prepared and characterized. A flexural strength of 380 MPa and a Vickers hardness of 12.7 GPa were achieved in the 5 vol. %SiC/MoAlB composite, increased by 24% and 51%, respectively, as compared with those for MoAlB. Oxidation at 1200°C and 1300°C for 10 h in air showed that the 5 vol. %SiC/MoAlB composite has good oxidation resistance than MoAlB due to the formation of a dense and continuous scale composed of Al2O3 and SiO2, which prevents oxygen inward diffusion and the evaporation of oxides. We expect that the general strategy of second phase reinforcing for materials will help to widen the applications of MoAlB.
Utility of total cell-free DNA levels for surgical damage evaluation in patients with urological surgeries
Authors: Konishi Sakae , Narita Takuma , Hatakeyama Shingo , Yoneyama Tohru , Yoneyama Mihoko Sutoh , Tobisawa Yuki , Noro Daisuke , Sato Tendo , Togashi Kyo , Okamoto Teppei , Yamamoto Hayato , Yoneyama Takahiro , Hashimoto Yasuhiro , Ohyama Chikara 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The evaluation of surgical damage is challenging because of the lack of specific biomarkers. Total cell-free DNA (cfDNA) levels have been reported to increase with external trauma and may be a biomarker for tissue damage. To investigate the utility of perioperative total cfDNA levels in evaluating surgical damage in urological surgeries. This multicenter, prospective, observational study included 196 patients scheduled for urological surgeries between September 2020 and July 2021. The primary outcome was the change in total cfDNA levels before and after urological surgery. The secondary outcome was the effect of surgical type on total cfDNA ratio before and after urological surgery. The postoperative median total cfDNA level of the 196 patients was significantly increased 2.5-fold compared to the preoperative level (185.2 ng/mL vs. 406.7 ng/mL, P < 0.001). The median total cfDNA before/after ratio was greater than four-fold for kidney transplantation, open cystectomy, and open adrenalectomy. The ratio was less than two-fold for laparoscopic adrenalectomy and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Major surgery showed a significant postoperative increase in total cfDNA levels, while minor surgery did not. Total cfDNA levels increased 2.5-fold after urological surgery and it can be used as an acute-phase biomarker for surgical damage.