bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the costing methodology of published studies estimating costs of surgical site infections: A systematic review
Authors: Shaaban Raghda Hassan , Yassine Omaima Gaber , Bedwani Ramez Naguib , Abu-Sheasha Ghada Ahmed 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectives:Surgical site infections (SSIs) are associated with increased length of hospitalization and costs. Epidemiologists and infection control practitioners, who are in charge of implementing infection control measures, have to assess the quality and relevance of the published SSI cost estimates before using them to support their decisions. In this review, we aimed to determine the distribution and trend of analytical methodologies used to estimate cost of SSIs, to evaluate the quality of costing methods and the transparency of cost estimates, and to assess whether researchers were more inclined to use transferable studies.Methods:We searched MEDLINE to identify published studies that estimated costs of SSIs from 2007 to March 2021, determined the analytical methodologies, and evaluated transferability of studies based on 2 evaluation axes. We compared the number of citations by transferability axes.Results:We included 70 studies in our review. Matching and regression analysis represented 83% of analytical methodologies used without change over time. Most studies adopted a hospital perspective, included inpatient costs, and excluded postdischarge costs (borne by patients, caregivers, and community health services). Few studies had high transferability. Studies with high transferability levels were more likely to be cited.Conclusions:Most of the studies used methodologies that control for confounding factors to minimize bias. After the article by Fukuda et al, there was no significant improvement in the transferability of published studies; however, transferable studies became more likely to be cited, indicating increased awareness about fundamentals in costing methodologies.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination uptake among healthcare workers
Authors: Gilboa Mayan , Tal Ilana , Levin Einav G. , Segal Shoshi , Belkin Ana , Zilberman-Daniels Tal , Biber Asaf , Rubin Carmit , Rahav Galia , Regev-Yochay Gili 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjective:To assess reasons for noncompliance with COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare workers (HCWs).Design:Cohort observational and surveillance study.Setting:Sheba Medical Center, a 1,600-bed tertiary-care medical center in Israel.Participants:The study included 10,888 HCWs including all employees, students, and volunteers.Intervention:The BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine was offered to all HCWs of the hospital. Noncompliance was assessed, and pre-rollout and post-rollout surveys were conducted. Data regarding uptake of the vaccine as well as demographic data and compliance with prior influenza vaccination were collected, and 2 surveys were distributed. The survey before the rollout pertained to the intention to receive the vaccine, and the survey after the rollout pertained to all unvaccinated HCWs regarding causes of hesitancy.Results:In the pre-rollout survey, 1,673 (47%) of 3,563 HCWs declared their intent to receive the vaccine. Overall, 8,108 (79%) HCWs received the COVID-19 vaccine within 40 days of rollout. In a multivariate logistic regression model, the factors that were significant predictors of vaccine uptake were male sex, age 40–59 years, occupation (paramedical professionals and doctors), high socioeconomic level, and compliance with flu vaccine. Among 425 unvaccinated HCWs who answered the second survey, the most common cause for hesitancy was the risk during pregnancy (31%).Conclusions:Although vaccine uptake among HCWs was higher than expected, relatively low uptake was observed among young women and those from lower socioeconomic levels and educational backgrounds. Concerns regarding vaccine safety during pregnancy were common and more data about vaccine safety, especially during pregnancy, might improve compliance.
Subjectivism and Degrees of Well-Being
Authors: Barrett Jacob 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn previous work, I have argued that subjectivists about well-being must turn from a preference-satisfaction to a desire-satisfaction theory of well-being in order to avoid the conceptual problem of interpersonal comparisons of well-being. In a recent paper, Van der Deijl and Brouwer agree, but object that no version of the desire-satisfaction theory can provide a plausible account of how an individual's degree of well-being depends on the satisfaction or frustration of their various desires, at least in cases involving the gain or loss of desires. So subjectivists can avoid the conceptual problem of interpersonal comparisons only by adopting a substantively implausible view. In this reply, I defend subjectivism by arguing that the totalist desire-satisfaction theory avoids Van der Deijl and Brouwer's objections, and briefly suggest that it may also be able to handle the problem of adaptive desires. I conclude that subjectivists should endorse the totalist desire-satisfaction theory.
Inappropriate shock delivery by an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator due to electrical interference with a refrigerator in a 4-year-old child
Authors: Gulumser Sisko Sezen , Kafali Hasan Candas , Ergul Yakup 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report a patient with long QT syndrome who received an inappropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shock due to electrical interference from a refrigerator. This electrical interference was mistakenly detected as an episode of ventricular fibrillation and ended with an inappropriate delivery of shock without any warning symptoms before.
Oceanic Mesoscale Eddy Depletion Catalyzed by Internal Waves
Authors: Barkan Roy , Srinivasan Kaushik , Yang Luwei , McWilliams James C. , Gula Jonathan , Vic Clément 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe processes leading to the depletion of oceanic mesoscale kinetic energy (KE) and the energization of near‐inertial internal waves are investigated using a suite of realistically forced regional ocean simulations. By carefully modifying the forcing fields we show that solutions where internal waves are forced have ∼ less mesoscale KE compared with solutions where they are not. We apply a coarse‐graining method to quantify the KE fluxes across time scales and demonstrate that the decrease in mesoscale KE is associated with an internal wave‐induced reduction of the inverse energy cascade and an enhancement of the forward energy cascade from sub‐to super‐inertial frequencies. The integrated KE forward transfer rate in the upper ocean is equivalent to half and a quarter of the regionally averaged near‐inertial wind work in winter and summer, respectively, with the strongest fluxes localized at surface submesoscale fronts and filaments.
ISGylation drives basal breast tumour progression by promoting EGFR recycling and Akt signalling
Authors: Bolado-Carrancio Alfonso , Lee Martin , Ewing Ailith , Muir Morwenna , Macleod Kenneth G. , Gallagher William M. , Nguyen Lan K. , Carragher Neil O. , Semple Colin A. , Brunton Valerie G. , Caswell Patrick T. , von Kriegsheim Alex 
Published: September 2021

AbstractISG15 is an ubiquitin-like modifier that is associated with reduced survival rates in breast cancer patients. The mechanism by which ISG15 achieves this however remains elusive. We demonstrate that modification of Rab GDP-Dissociation Inhibitor Beta (GDI2) by ISG15 (ISGylation) alters endocytic recycling of the EGF receptor (EGFR) in non-interferon stimulated cells using CRISPR-knock out models for ISGylation. By regulating EGFR trafficking, ISGylation enhances EGFR recycling and sustains Akt-signalling. We further show that Akt signalling positively correlates with levels of ISG15 and its E2-ligase in basal breast cancer cohorts, confirming the link between ISGylation and Akt signalling in human tumours. Persistent and enhanced Akt activation explains the more aggressive tumour behaviour observed in human breast cancers. We show that ISGylation can act as a driver of tumour progression rather than merely being a bystander.
Delayed administration of ixazomib modifies the immune response and prevents chronic graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Ramos Teresa Lopes , García-Guerrero Estefanía , Caballero-Velázquez Teresa , Rodríguez-Gil Alfonso , Caracuel-García Rocío , Nufer Melanie , Robles-Frías María José , Barbado María Victoria , Pérez-Simón José A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to modify the immune response in the long term after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) by using the proteasome inhibitor ixazomib (IXZ) at the late stages of the post-transplant period. This approach facilitated the immune reconstitution after transplantation. IXZ significantly prolonged survival and decreased the risk of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) in two different murine models without hampering the graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect, as confirmed by bioluminescence assays. Remarkably, the use of IXZ was related to an increase of regulatory T cells both in peripheral blood and in the GvHD target organs and a decrease of effector donor T cells. Regarding B cells, IXZ treated mice had faster recovery of B cells in PB and of pre-pro-B cells in the bone marrow. Mice receiving ixazomib had a lower number of neutrophils in the GvHD target organs as compared to the vehicle group. In summary, delayed administration of IXZ ameliorated cGvHD while preserving GvL and promoted a pro-tolerogenic immune response after allo-BMT.
Rapid identification of wood species using XRF and neural network machine learning
Authors: Shugar Aaron N. , Drake B. Lee , Kelley Greg 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn innovative approach for the rapid identification of wood species is presented. By combining X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with convolutional neural network machine learning, 48 different wood specimens were clearly differentiated and identified with a 99% accuracy. Wood species identification is imperative to assess illegally logged and transported lumber. Alternative options for identification can be time consuming and require some level of sampling. This non-invasive technique offers a viable, cost-effective alternative to rapidly and accurately identify timber in efforts to support environmental protection laws and regulations.
Euglykäme Ketoazidose – ein Kolibri, der zur Taube werden könnte
Authors: Kampmeyer Daniela , Sayk Friedhelm 
Published: September 2021

Was ist neu?
Gliflozine/SGLT2-Hemmer: Shooting-Stars in Diabetologie, Kardiologie und Nephrologie Gliflozine wurden als Antidiabetika entwickelt. Sie blockieren den sodium-glucose linked transporter 2 (SGLT2) im proximalen Nierentubulus und führen zu Glukosurie und Natriurese. Unabhängig vom Vorliegen eines Diabetes mellitus zeigen aktuelle Phase-III-Studienergebnisse zur SGLT2-Hemmer-Therapie einen prognostischen Benefit bei Patienten mit Herz- und/oder Niereninsuffizienz bezüglich kardiovaskulärer Ereignisse, Hospitalisierung und Tod. Damit ergibt sich eine Ausweitung der Indikation auf große, oft polymorbide Patientenkollektive mit genuin hohem Risiko für katabole Episoden und akute Organdysfunktion.
Ketoazidose unter SGLT2-Hemmern SGLT2-Inhibitoren induzieren eine hungerähnliche Ketogenese. Unter katabolen Umständen wie kritische Erkrankung, Dehydrierung, perioperative Nüchternperiode oder „low-carb“-Fastendiät kann diese zu einer lebensbedrohlichen euglykämen Ketoazidose entgleisen. Hierzu tragen vermutlich die vermehrte Rückresorption von Ketonkörpern aus dem Primärharn sowie die Blockade von SGLT2-Rezeptoren auf α-Zellen des endokrinen Pankreas bei. Dies führt zur verstärkten Glukagonsekretion, die konsekutiv die Lipolyse und Ketogenese steigert. Die Inzidenz der euglykämen Ketoazidose als SGLT2-Nebenwirkung lag bislang bei 1–2 pro 1000 Behandlungsjahre. Belastbare „real-life“-Daten für das Risiko einer euglykämen Ketoazidose der neuen Indikationsgruppen liegen noch nicht vor; eine gute Kenntnis dieses Krankheitsbildes ist für die Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin zunehmend relevant. Das klinische Bild der euglykämen Ketoazidose ist ähnlich der klassischen diabetischen Ketoazidose bei Typ-1-Diabetes. Oft sind die Blutzuckerspiegel dabei hochnormal (nahezu euglykäm). Im Urinbefund zeigt sich trotz Euglykämie eine exzessive Glukosurie, während die Ketonkörper-Diagnostik falsch negativ ausfallen kann.
Therapieansätze Der Blutzucker sollte bei euglykämer Ketoazidose durch gleichzeitige Insulin- und Glukoseapplikation zunächst auf leicht erhöhten Werten gehalten werden, um den intrazellulären Glukosebedarf zu decken und die Ketogenese zu unterbrechen. Der Volumenmangel wird durch balancierte kristalloide Infusionen ausgeglichen. Hierbei sind insbesondere das Risiko von Hypokaliämien sowie geminderte Volumentoleranz bei chronisch herz- und/oder nierenkranken Patienten zu beachten. Bei akuter Erkrankung und vor operativen Eingriffen sollten SGLT2-Inhibitoren vorsorglich pausiert werden („sick day break“).
Binge Eating-Störung
Authors: Daugelat Melissa-Claire , Schag Kathrin , Dörsam Annica , Zipfel Stephan , Giel Katrin Elisabeth 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Binge Eating-Störung (BES) ist die am häufigsten diagnostizierte Essstörung. BES ist gekennzeichnet durch wiederkehrende Essanfälle mit Kontrollverlust. Viele PatientInnen mit BES leiden zusätzlich unter Adipositas und den damit assoziierten somatischen Erkrankungen sowie an komorbiden psychischen Störungen. Die Behandlung der Wahl für BES ist Psychotherapie.
Qualität der kinderpalliativmedizinischen Krisenintervention
– eine retrospektive Befragungsstudie
Authors: Berkmüller Magdalena , Gravou-Apostolatou Chara , Rascher Wolfgang 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Neben der Palliativversorgung in der Sterbephase, gewinnt die
Betreuung erkrankter Kinder und ihrer Familien in Krisenzeiten einer
lebenslimitierenden Erkrankung an Bedeutung. Dazu unterstützt ein
spezialisiertes, ambulantes Palliativteam für Kinder und Jugendliche
(SAPV-KJ-Team) die Familien. Ziel der retrospektiven Studie mittels Fragebogen
war die Erfassung der Qualität dieser palliativmedizinischen
Kriseninterventionen für die betroffenen Familien.
Methodik Ein retrospektiver Fragebogen zur medizinischen Versorgung und
zur Belastung der Familie wurde entwickelt, den alle Familien erhielten, die
während der Versorgung durch das SAPV-KJ-Team einer Krisenintervention
benötigten. Als Maß für die familiäre Belastung
diente der „Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale“, der auf eine
Angst- und Depressionssymptomatik Angehöriger ausgerichtet ist. Alle
Familien, die im Zeitraum zwischen Januar 2012 und August 2017 im Rahmen von
Kriseninterventionen vom Kinderpalliativteam der Kinder- und Jugendklinik der
Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg betreut wurden, erhielten den
Fragebogen mit der Bitte um Mitarbeit.
Ergebnisse Die Rücklaufquote der Fragebögen betrug
52,1%. Besonders hoch wurde die Unterstützung und Sicherheit
durch das Palliativteam, die 24-Stunden Rufbereitschaft und die
Unterstützung bei der Organisation medizinischer Hilfsmittel bewertet.
Die Krisenintervention besserte die Belastung der Patienten und der Familie,
sowie die Symptomkontrolle und die Kommunikation deutlich.
Diskussion Die vorliegende Befragungsstudie unterstreicht die enorme
psychische und physische Belastung mit Einschränkung der
Lebensqualität sowohl erkrankter Kinder als auch deren Familie in
Krisensituationen. Die SAPV-KJ vermag die Patienten und ihre Familien zu
entlasten.
Künstliche Intelligenz in der bildgebenden Diagnostik
Authors: Golder Werner Albert 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungIm Gegensatz zur sogenannten computerassistierten Diagnostik sind Radiomics und verwandte Module der künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) nicht nur Adjutanten, sondern Konkurrenten des diagnostischen Radiologen. Die Bereitschaft zur Integration der Programme in die Praxis ist dennoch groß. Für die Annäherung sind profunde Kenntnisse der Verflechtungen zwischen KI und Radiologie notwendig. Jeder Radiologe muss die grundsätzliche Entscheidung treffen, ob er den Assistenten regelhaft oder nur in Einzelfällen und ob er ihn vor oder nach der eigenen Interpretation zu Rate zieht. Die therapeutischen Empfehlungen und prognostischen Hinweise der Programme sind nach den bisherigen Erfahrungen weniger wertvoll als die diagnostischen Urteile. Es ist zu erwarten, dass radiologische KI-Module künftig auch den Patienten selbst zur eigenverantwortlichen Analyse radiologischer Bilddatensätze zugänglich sein werden.
Assemblies of 1,4-Bis(diarylamino)naphthalenes and Aromatic Amphiphiles: Highly Reducing Photoredox Catalysis in Water
Authors: Koike Takashi , Akita Munetaka , Hyodo Yuki , Takahashi Keigo , Chitose Youhei , Abe Manabu , Yoshizawa Michito 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHost–guest assemblies of a designed 1,4-bis(diarylamino)naphthalene and V-shaped aromatic amphiphiles consisting of two pentamethylbenzene moieties bridged by an m-phenylene unit bearing two hydrophilic side chains emerged as highly reducing photoredox catalysis systems in water. An efficient demethoxylative hydrogen transfer of Weinreb amides has been developed. The present supramolecular strategy permits facile tuning of visible-light photoredox catalysis in water.
Total Synthesis of Thiocladospolide A and Its C2-Epimer
Authors: Ghosh Subhash , Swami Pramod , Mali Maruti , Dhulshette Baswaraj 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe first total synthesis of the recently isolated natural product thiocladospolide A, along with its C2-epimer, is achieved in nine straightforward linear steps and 12% overall yield. The key feature of the synthesis is the construction of the macrocyclic ring via a late-stage ring-closing metathesis reaction followed by alkene reduction.
Intramolecular Chalcogenylation of Isooxazolines Mediated by PhICl2 and Diorganyl Disulfides or Diselenides
Authors: Sun Fengxia , Du Yunfei , Zhang Dongke , Zhang Jingran , Li Xiaoxian , Yu Zhenyang , Li Yadong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractReactive organosulfenyl chlorides (ArSCl) or selenenyl chlorides (ArSeCl), generated in situ from the reaction of PhICl2 with diorganyl disulfides or diselenides, enable the intramolecular oxidative cyclization/chalcogenylation of β,γ-unsaturated oximes, leading to the formation of a series of chalcogenylated isooxazolines in good to excellent yield.
Principles for Real-World Implementation of Bedside Predictive Analytics Monitoring
Authors: Moorman Liza Prudente 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA new development in the practice of medicine is Artificial Intelligence-based predictive analytics that forewarn clinicians of future deterioration of their patients. This proactive opportunity, though, is different from the reactive stance that clinicians traditionally take. Implementing these tools requires new ideas about how to educate clinician users to facilitate trust and adoption and to promote sustained use. Our real-world hospital experience implementing a predictive analytics monitoring system that uses electronic health record and continuous monitoring data has taught us principles that we believe to be applicable to the implementation of other such analytics systems within the health care environment. These principles are mentioned below:• To promote trust, the science must be understandable.• To enhance uptake, the workflow should not be impacted greatly.• To maximize buy-in, engagement at all levels is important.• To ensure relevance, the education must be tailored to the clinical role and hospital culture.• To lead to clinical action, the information must integrate into clinical care.• To promote sustainability, there should be periodic support interactions after formal implementation.
Outcomes after Cervical Duraplasty for Monomelic Amyotrophy (Hirayama Disease): Results of a Case–Control Study of 60 Patients
Authors: Thakar Sumit , Arun Aditya Atal , Rajagopal Niranjana , Aryan Saritha , Mohan Dilip , Vijayan Joshy E. , Hegde Alangar S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background The optimal management and the role of surgery in monomelic amyotrophy, also known as Hirayama disease (HD), remain controversial. In the largest series of patients with HD managed by cervical duraplasty (CD), this study compares the outcomes between conservative and surgical management.

Methods A retrospective case–control study was performed on 60 patients with HD. The cases consisted of 30 patients who underwent CD, and 30 age- and sex-matched controls who managed with long-term collar wear. Clinical improvement was recorded using two patient-reported outcome measures—the Odom's scale and a self-rated hand grip strength score. Median and ulnar compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitudes and various magnetic resonance imaging parameters were recorded.

Results None of the controls experienced clinical improvement at follow-up; 90% remained status quo at 24.33 ± 9.38 months. Seventy-six percent of the operated patients demonstrated clinical improvement at 29.61 ± 12.78 months, and a majority of them reported moderately better grip strength. The preoperative anteroposterior diameter (APD) of the surgical group improved from 0.74 ± 0.13 to 0.86 ± 0.21 (p = 0.01), and the cord demonstrated a significant decrease in forward migration on flexion (0.20 ± 0.11 and 0.03 ± 0.07 preoperatively and at follow-up, respectively, p < 0.0001). Patients with clinical improvement demonstrated significantly better mean APD and median and ulnar CMAP values than those who did not improve (p < 0.0001). The mean cervical alignment did not change significantly at follow-up (p = 0.13).

Conclusions This study shows that CD can significantly alter the clinical course of patients with progressive symptoms of HD. This approach successfully arrests the forward migration of the cervical cord on flexion and promotes morphological recovery of the cord. A majority of the patients undergoing CD demonstrate clinical and electrophysiological improvement at mid-term follow-up.
Boll Weevil Eradication: A Success Story of Science in the Service of Policy and Industry
Authors: Raszick Tyler Jay 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an infamous pest of commercially cultivated cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvales: Malvaceae). Once the most important agricultural pest in the United States, the boll weevil spurred an unprecedented mobilization of federal support and cooperation among stakeholders, culminating in the eventual eradication of the species from 98% of its invasive range in the United States. The US Boll Weevil Eradication Program, a joint effort of local, state, and federal governments and agencies, university and agency researchers, and the cotton producers themselves, is a prime example of a successful implementation of a community-wide integrated pest management (IPM). The program also dramatically reduced the use of insecticides in cotton production which led to further positive economic outcomes for producers and reduced the non-target impacts from those chemicals. Though the boll weevil has been mostly eradicated in the United States, the insect remains one of the most important and impactful cotton pests in Central and South America. In this review, we will revisit the agro-economic history of the boll weevil and examine the success of the US Boll Weevil Eradication Program. In doing so, we will learn how we can apply those lessons to boll weevil management abroad and community-wide management of other agricultural or invasive pests. Finally, we will conclude with a brief summary of the ongoing science that continues in service of eradication today.