bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aksi Penyerangan Non-Player Character (NPC) Menggunakan Metode Naive Bayes pada Shooter Game
Authors: Siswanto Edi , Suni Alfa Faridh 
Published: November 2021

Aksi penyerangan pada non-player character (NPC) merupakan salah satu substansi penting dalam pembuatan game. Dalam melakukan penyerangan diperlukan strategi khusus agar NPC tidak mudah dikalahkan. Salah satunya adalah adanya variasi serangan terhadap pemain. Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk mengatur penyerangan NPC adalah rulebase. Metode rulebase dapat memberikan variasi serangan sesuai kondisi NPC, namun metode rulebase bisanya menghasilkan behaviour yang statis dan tidak adaptif jika terdapat kondisi baru. AI seperti ini akan mudah diprediksi dan repetitif sehingga menurunkan tingkat tantangan bermain game. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut banyak peneliti yang menggunakan teknik learning. Salah satunya menggunakan metode naïve bayes. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penerapan metode naïve bayes sebagai strategi penyerangan NPC pada shooter game. Metode naïve bayes digunakan untuk keputusan serangan yang diambil oleh NPC. Adapun parameter yang digunakan untuk keputusan penyerangan adalah nyawa, jarak, jumlah granat, dan jumlah amunisi yang dimiliki NPC. Sedangkan keputusan penyerangan dibagi menjadi serangan tembak, serangan granat, dan serangan pisau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan metode naïve bayes membuat NPC mampu melakukan penyerangan secara otonom jika terdapat kondisi baru dengan akurasi 80%. Penerapan metode naïve bayes juga lebih unggul dalam persentase kemenangan NPC dibanding metode rulebase. Tingkat kemenangan NPC menggunakan metode naïve bayes sebesar 60% sedangkan rulebase sebesar 16%. AbstractNon-Player Character’s (NPC) attacks behaviour is one important substance in making games. While NPC attacks needs specific strategy to not get defeated easily. One of the NPC attacks strategy is a variation of offense to player. One of the methods to manage the NPC attack strategy is rulebase. Rulebase method can give variations of the NPC attacks according in conditions, but rulebase method usually producing static behaviour and not adaptive where there is new condition. AI like this would easy too predictive and repetitive so that decrease the challenge of playing games. To overcome these problems, we use naïve bayes method. In this study, naïve bayes method are applied as an NPC’s attack strategy to the shooter game. Naïve bayes method used for attack decisions taken by the NPC. The parameters used for the attack’s decision are health point, distance, number of grenades, and number of ammunitions owned by the NPC. While attacks decision is divided into firing attacks, grenade attacks, and melee attacks. The results showed that the use naïve bayes method can attack autonomously if there are new condition with an accuracy of 80%. The implementation of naïve bayes method at NPC more superior than rulebase method in percentage of NPC winning. The NPC win rate uses the naïve bayes method is 60% while the rulebase is 16%.
A comparative study on perceptions of medical students from the different curriculum on team-based learning
Authors: Bhojaraja Vijayalakshmi S. , Goud B. K. Manjunatha , Kumar Joan , Srinivasan Anand , Shetty Jeevan K. 
Published: November 2021

Objectives:
Our medical school followed the traditional curriculum earlier, and due to a large amount of content embedded in each discipline, which had less scope for active and deep learning. To overcome this, we adopted an integrated curriculum and introduced a few active teaching/learning (T/L) methodologies, which promote deep learning and problem-solving skills. One such T/L methodology we introduced was team-based learning (TBL). Before implementing this active T/L methodology in the integrated curriculum, we evaluated the effectiveness of TBL in medical students from the traditional curriculum and aimed to determine students’ perceptions. Furthermore, we aimed to explore the perception of TBL in students who underwent integrated curriculum to evaluate the difference in their perception compared to the traditional curriculum.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in RAK Medical and Health Sciences University on the 1st year medical students from the traditional and integrated curriculum. Institutional ethical committee clearance and informed consent were obtained before starting the study. A pre-validated 5-item survey questionnaire comprising questions related to the content, process, and teamwork was used to obtain perceptions of students’ on TBL.

Results:
The students positively perceived the teaching-learning experience using TBL and understood the concepts better. Even the students with integrated curriculum had the same positive impact on their learning attitudes. The majority of students in both cohorts agreed that discussion among their teams helped them to learn better. Around two-thirds (66%) of students from the traditional curriculum and one-third (39%) of students from integrated curriculum wanted TBLs as T/L methodology over didactic lectures.

Conclusion:
TBL helped to learn better and understand the subject and promoted self and peer engagement, which facilitated their learning by clarifying the doubts with peers. Due to this positive TBL experience, most students from both curriculums recommended its use as a T/L method over lecture. Hence, TBL sessions in medical schools can be used as an effective T/L method to facilitate meaningful learning.
L’ennemi sous la langue – Perspectivisme amérindien et philosophie deleuzo-guattarienne du langage
Authors: Dierickx Gauthier 
Published: November 2021

Dans le prolongement du perspectivisme amérindien d’Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, cet article ambitionne de dégager une théorie amazonienne du langage à partir de certains chants guerriers des Araweté, population indigène du Brésil oriental. Pour ce faire, nous mobiliserons la philosophie du langage développée par Deleuze et Guattari. En effet, en raison des nombreuses analogies entre la structure énonciative de ces chants et cette philosophie, cette dernière semble constituer un terreau favorable pour traduire cette structure dans notre matrice conceptuelle occidentale. Une telle traduction nous permettra non seulement de nous libérer de l’idéal de communication – si cher à certaines théories linguistiques – mais également de souligner l’intérêt pour notre philosophie du langage et de la littérature d’aborder des matériaux non occidentaux.
Determinants of Stock Market Liquidity: Auto Regressive Distributed Lag Based Evidence from the Emerging Equity Market
Authors: Husnain Muhammad , Hashmi Aijaz Mustafa , Ahmad Mumtaz 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: This research examines the impact of oil prices, exchange rate, stock market index, market volatility and inflation on the stock market liquidity.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The sample period is 20 years from 2000 to 2019 on monthly basis. We employ the auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach for analyzing long run and short run nature of relationship among variables. We also apply diagnostics including, normality check, serial correlation test, heteroscedasticity test and CUSM models for the stability of the models.
Findings: We finds that exchange rate and inflation have a long-term negative relationship, but oil prices, stock returns, and stock market volatility have a long-term positive relationship with stock market liquidity. Furthermore, these findings are robust under three different proxies of stock market liquidity for three sectors: text composite, textile weaving, and textile spinning.
Implications/Originality/Value: This study extend the existing debate on the relationship between macroeconomic variables and stock market liquidity in developed world to the emerging equity market. It also contributes by examining the impact of macroeconomic variables on the sectorial levels in equity market by using three proxies for stock market liquidity including, Amihud liquidity, average trading and trading volume.
Toponimia, territorio y espacios de la villa de Castielfabib (Reino de Valencia, siglos XII-XV)
Authors: Martínez Bedmar Alberto-Jesús 
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo estudia la toponimia medieval del término, huerta y villa de Castielfabib. Para ello se realiza un trabajo inicial de identificación y relación de los diversos espacios con la actualidad; en segundo término se estudia el uso del territorio y las activiades laborales desarrolladas en el medio rural y en la villa. Finalmente, se ha tratado de realizar una aproximación a la fisionomía de la villa de Castielfabib a través de los elementos documentados con el objetivo de lograr una reconstrucción hipotética de diversos elementos definitorios como son la Casa de la Villa y el recinto fortificado.
Palabras clave: toponimia, territorio, espacios; Castielfabib, siglos XII-XV, reino de Valencia.
Abstract: This paper studies the medieval toponymy of the term, orchard and town of Castielfabib. For this, an initial work of identification and relation of the various spaces is carried out; secondly, the use of the territory and the work activities carried out in rural areas and in the town are studied. Finally, it is had tried to make an approach to the physiognomy of the town through the documented elements with the aim of achieving a hypothetical reconstruction of various defining elements, such as the Casa de la Villa (House of the Town) and the fortified enclosure.
Keywords: toponymy, territory, spaces; Castielfabib, 12th-15th centuries, kingdom of Valencia.
aceite en la baja Edad Media: su uso industrial. Las comarcas del sur valenciano y el desarrollo de la pañería (segunda mitad del siglo XV).
Authors: Llibrer Escrig Antoni 
Published: November 2021

Este trabajo pretende descubrir la producción y el mercado de aceite durante la baja Edad Media en las ciudades y comunidades rurales de la región interior-sur del antiguo Reino de Valencia. Esta área, articulada mediante una serie ciudades medias y pequeñas comunidades asociadas, desarrolló una gran actividad oleícola, con una producción para la industria lanera de la zona y para la venta en los mercados regionales vecinos. El artículo descubre y estudia la función de un grupo de artesanos pañeros locales en la especialización, el desarrollo y la consolidación de la olivicultura. En esta región (comarcas de la Valld’Albaida, l’Alcoià i el Comtat, y algunas ciudades como Ontinyent, Alcoi y, sobre todo, Cocentaina), un reducido grupo de grandes artesanos del textil gestionaron la producción, la transformación y el comercio del aceite. Se analizan directamente las empresas de estos artesanos, sus negocios y sus inversiones oleícolas para entender la función económica de esta actividad.
Palabras clave: aceite, industria lanera, artesanos emprendedores, mercado regional, siglo xv.
Abstract: This work analyzes oil production and oil trade during the Later Middle Ages, in towns and rural communities in southern interior region of the Ancient Kingdom of Valencia. This rural area, articulated by towns and small communities, developed a great oil activity and trade with a production for the local woolen industry and for the market, for neighboring regional markets. The article discovers and studies the role of a group of craftsmen in the specialization, development and consolidation of oil production in this area. In this region (Valld’Albaida, Alcoià and Comtat, and some towns such as Ontinyent, Alcoi and specifically Cocentaina), a small group of big craftsmen were able to centralize management of oil activities through direct participation in this production and market. The article analyzes directly the artisans and their enterprises, their businesses and their investments, to understand the economic function of this activity.
Key words: oil, woolen industry, enterprising artisans, regional market, 15th century.
"Aragoneses et brabançones". Montañeses en armas y guerra feudal en el Pirineo catalán (siglos XII-XIII)
Authors: Gascón Chopo Carles 
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo aborda la cuestión de la naturaleza y la caracterización de unos contingentes militares que, vinculados con los conflictos que enfrentaron a la nobleza feudal de los condados de Urgel y de Cerdaña contra la Iglesia de Urgel y sus aliados entre los siglos XII y XIII, se caracterizaron por la violencia y la amplitud de sus campañas de saqueo y destrucción en las tierras altas del valle del Segre, impulsando su acción la fortificación sistemática de dicho territorio.
Palabras clave: Guerra feudal, Pirineos, comunidades de montaña, paz territorial, saqueo, siglos XII y XIII.
Abstract: This article will reveal the question of the nature and characterization of some military contingents linked to the conflicts between the feudal nobility of the counties of Urgel and Cerdanya and the Church of Urgel and its allies between the 12th and 13th centuries. The action of those troops was characterized by the violence and the extent of their looting and destruction campaigns in the highlands of the Segre valley, promoting their action their systematic fortification.
Keywords: feudal warfare, Pyrenees, highlander communities, territorial peace, looting, 12th and 13th centuries.
Nós vivim e passam ab gran afany e misèria nostra vida e stat. Las dificultades económicas de una reina viuda. El caso de Margarita de Prades (v. 1410-1430). I. El Interregno y el reinado de Fernando de Antequera (1410-1416)
Authors: Juncosa Bonet Eduard 
Published: November 2021

En los últimos años se han incrementado considerablemente los estudios dedicados a las reinas medievales; sin embargo, se ha prestado muy poca atención a lo que sucedía con aquellas que enviudaban. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar en profundidad el prolongado periodo de viudedad de Margarita de Prades (1410-1430), el cual contrasta con su efímero reinado de poco más de ocho meses y medio. Todo un elenco de fuentes, en gran parte inéditas, custodiadas en los archivos reales, papales, notariales y municipales nos servirá para reconstruir una realidad marcada por las graves y recurrentes dificultades económicas a las que tuvo que hacer frente esta reina fugaz. Teniendo en cuenta la amplitud del corpus documental manejado y primando la exhaustividad por encima de una mera perspectiva de síntesis, se ha optado por dividir el artículo en dos partes, abordándose en esta primera los dos años de Interregno y el breve reinado de Fernando I de Aragón.
Palabras clave: Margarita de Prades, reginalidad, reina viuda, Corona de Aragón, Casal de Barcelona, Interregno, dinastía Trastámara, Fernando I de Aragón, siglo xv.
Abstract: Whereas we have come to find a substantial increase in the number of studies focusing on medieval queens in recent years, less attention has been paid to those who became widowed. This article’s aim is to conduct a detailed analysis of the prolonged period of time that Margarita of Prades remained a widow (1410-1430), a considerably long period when compared to her short reign which lasted for just over eight and a half months. A wide range of largely unpublished sources kept in royal, papal, nobilty, notarial and municipal archives will provide us with the information needed to recreate a reality marked by the severe and recurring financial difficulties faced by this short-reigning queen. Considering the breadth of documents and prioritising thoroughness over a simple summary of viewpoints, a decision to split the article in two was made. This first instalment will offer us an insight into the two-year Interregnum and the brief reign of Fernando I of Aragon.
Keywords: Margarita de Prades, queenship, queen dowager, Crown of Aragon, House of Barcelona, Interregnum, Trastamara dynasty, Fernando I of Aragon, 15th century.
ASOSIASI LIANA DENGAN TUMBUHAN PENOPANGNYA DI BLOK KOLEKSI TAMAN HUTAN RAYA WAN ABDUL RACHMAN, PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Sukra Paul , Indriyanto Indriyanto , Asmarahman Ceng 
Published: November 2021

Wan Abdul Rachman Forest Park (Tahura WAR) is an area to maintain nutrient cycling and a center for preservation of biodiversity in Lampung Province, one part of its management is a collection block that functions t o conserve plants, including lianas. Therefore, this study aims to determine the type of liana, the type of support for the liana and the form of association between the liana plant and its supports. The research was conducted with a systematic double plot survey method with a sampling intensity of 2%. The data obtained were analyzed the level of association using the Ochiai Index (OI). The results showed that there were 5 types of lianas in the collection block, namely Piper nigrum, Piper betle, Vanilla planifolia, Passiflora edulis, and Mikania micrantha. Furthermore, 15 types of lianas were found, namely, Ceiba petandra, Theobroma cacao, Durio zibethinus, Hevea brasiliensis, Gnetum gnemon, Persea americana, Pithecellobium lobatum, Gliricidia sepium, Dalbergia latifolia, Naphelium lappiosa, Aleurites moluccana, Cocos speciosa, and nucifera and Intsia palembanica. The real associations in the research location between lianas and their supporting plants were durian and pepper, durian with betel, rubber with sembung, tangkil and sembung, jengkol with pepper, and sonokeling with passion fruit.
Video as an effective knowledge transfer tool to increase awareness among health workers and better manage dengue fever cases
Authors: Dagenais Christian , Hébert Catherine , Ridde Valéry 
Published: November 2021

Background For a patient with dengue fever, a wrong diagnosis can be fatal. Unfortunately, very few Burkinabé health workers are adequately trained to diagnose and treat cases of dengue fever. Recent outbreaks of dengue fever in Burkina Faso, which carries a significant malaria burden, have made updating health workers’ knowledge urgent. Following a trial to determine the most appropriate format, a video was specially developed as a knowledge translation tool to update health workers’ knowledge. Methods The video was sent to front-line medical staff. Within four months, it was viewed by 2,993 people. A qualitative evaluation was conducted using the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Twenty-one health professionals who viewed the video agreed to participate in interviews on which content analysis was performed. Results The uptake of the knowledge in the video was mainly influenced by the fact that its format was adapted to the target audience, that it presented specific and concise information, that it conveyed a relevant message in everyday language, and that the participants urgently needed the content. Conclusions Video development as a knowledge transfer tool is an effective and efficient way to update health workers’ knowledge and influence their practices. Users received the video enthusiastically due to the epidemic context.
A Foreword from the Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Edara Inna Reddy 
Published: November 2021

On behalf of the Bilingual Publishing Co., the editorial board and the staff, I welcome you to the inaugural issue of Journal of Psychological Research (JPR), a peer-reviewed and an international open access academic journal, focusing on the multidisciplinary aspects of the field of psychology.Bilingual Publishing Co. (BPC), located in Singapore, since its beginnings in 1984, has been dedicated to bilingual academic research, publishing international journals, and organizing conferences. Since its foundation, the BPC has been continuously garnering a high reputation in Southeast Asian countries and around the world. The obvious reason is that the BPC is sternly aware of the ever advancing technology and the rapidly changing developments in the use of digital media that summon for a change in attitude and methodology of researching and learning, with a special emphasis on the need for high-quality academic achievements. Therefore, the BPC’s mission has been centered on discerning the changing needs of the academic world and committed to advancing the research around the world by publishing the latest research in various academic fields and ensuring that the resources are accessible in print, digital, and online formats. There are currently a large number of scientific journals in the world that inclusively or exclusively publish the academic research in the fields of psychology. Yet, despite growing interest in the fields of psychological research and applications, there exists a lack of accessibility of publication channels for the Southeast Asian scholars in particular and for the worldwide researchers in general. In this situation, the BPC has taken up an additional mission of starting this new journal to give an appropriate access to the academicians and researchers of psychology to share their outstanding achievements with the world.
La inserción del profesorado novel en América Latina: Hacia la integralidad de las políticas
Authors: Vaillant Denise Elena 
Published: November 2021

El análisis presentado en este artículo se basa en la evidencia compilada por la autora en el marco de tres proyectos recientes referidos a políticas y procesos de incorporación del novel profesor latinoamericano en los centros educativos. Un primer supuesto basado en la revisión de la literatura es que, pese a los avances constatados en la región, los cambios mantuvieron su fragmentación. El segundo supuesto es que la llegada de los profesores nóveles a las aulas, debe analizarse a la luz de complejidad cualitativa y cuantitativa que define a la profesión docente. La evidencia examinada indica que en los países latinoamericanos existen hoy políticas e iniciativas diversas vinculadas al ingreso al primer puesto de trabajo. Se han multiplicado los estudios que dan cuenta de las dificultades que conllevan los primeros años de enseñanza. También se ha investigado cuáles son las estrategias y respuestas de los gobiernos. Se ha incorporado al debate el reconocimiento de la inserción como derecho de todos los docentes. También está en discusión su lugar en la carrera, su condición o no para la habilitación docente y los mecanismos de institucionalización. Los resultados presentados parecerían corroborar los supuestos iniciales. La selección de los noveles profesores no se vincula por lo general con las normas de contratación ni facilita el ingreso al primer puesto de trabajo. Y a su vez los programas de acompañamiento son diseñados de manera aislada sin tener en cuenta la complejidad cuantitativa y cualitativa de la profesión docente.