bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Vanadium Extraction from Vanadium-bearing Steel Slag
Authors: Ding Mantang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Vanadium extraction from vanadium-containing steel slag mainly includes fire method and wet method. The advantages and disadvantages of various ways of vanadium extraction from vanadium-containing steel slag are discussed and analyzed. The prospects and suggestions for future development were put forward to. It is proposed that the submerged arc furnace carbothermal reduction method, the sub- molten salt method, the production of vanadium alloys, calcification roasting-acid leaching, and two-part acidification to extract vanadium are the future development directions.
The effect of interfacial tension of ASP system on the initial migration of film-like microscopic residual oil
Authors: Cao Ruibo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Use glass etching microscopic visualization model to carry out oil displacement experiment to detect the interfacial tension and viscoelasticity of the ASP system with different surfactant concentrations. By recording dynamic images during the displacement process, the effect of interfacial tension on the initiation of the film-like residual oil migration was studied. The results show that under the condition of the same concentration of polymer and surfactant, the higher the concentration of surfactant, the lower the interfacial tension of the ASP system, and the lower the storage modulus and energy consumption modulus; when the interfacial tension is 0.188mN/m, the film-like residual oil is slightly deformed at the enriched part of the displacement front; when the interfacial tension is 0.0188mN/m, the oil displacement system reduces the contact area between the oil film and the wall by changing the wettability of the residual oil in the film-like shape, and the overall migration; when the interfacial tension is 0.00188mN/m, the oil displacement system breaks out oil droplets and starts to migrate the residual oil in a thin film.
A brief review of the development of high temperature gas cooled reactor
Authors: Li Huan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
With the continuous development of nuclear energy, the high temperature gas cooled reactor (HTGR) is considered as one of the advanced reactor types of the fourth generation nuclear power system because of its new inherent safety concept, modular concept, high economic competitiveness and increasing construction flexibility. In this paper, the development history of high temperature HTGR is briefly summarized and the latest research is summarized.
Facile synthesis of hierarchically porous carbon for supercapacitor derived from water-soluble pitch
Authors: Zhang Jinliang , Liu Junqing , Kang Danmiao , Su Zhijiang , Liang Wenbin , Zhi Linjie 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Hierarchical porosity carbons have been synthesized via carbonization and activation using water-soluble pitch as carbon source. By further introducing potassium acetate as an activation agent, the obtained materials have a high specific BET surface area of 1108 m2 g-1 with N, O and S doping. The effects of different activation temperatures on the pore structure and composition of the carbon were investigated. The obtained carbon samples exhibits a maximum gravimetric capacitance of 208 F g-1 when evaluated as an electrode material in 6 mol L-1 KOH aqueous solution and good rate capability of 69.5% retention at 20 A g-1. Furthermore, it demonstrates good cyclic stability, showing a high capacitance retention of 96.3% over 10000 charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 2 A g-1.
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Energy Demand Combination Forecast Analysis
Authors: Li Jian , Zhang Xiaoqian 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Energy demand forecasting is the basis for responding to high-quality economic development requirements and targeted adjustments to the Beijing-Tianjin- Hebei energy structure. This paper selects five main factors that affect energy demand, constructs a combined forecasting model of a combination of multi-factor gray neural network and ARIMA-BP neural network, and introduces the idea of chaos optimization on this basis to simulate and analyse data from 2012 to 2016, and predict the energy demand in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in 2020 and 2025.The results show that: 1. Compared with the CGA-ARIMA-BP model and the CGA-GNN model, the CGA-GNN-ARIMA-BP model has higher prediction accuracy; 2. It is estimated that in 2020 and 2025, the energy demand in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region will reach 493 and 552 million tons of standard coal.
Identification on standard connection modes of distribution network based on topological features and pattern recognition
Authors: Wu Tianchen , Lv Bing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The distribution network has multiple points, long lines, wide coverage, complex structure, and intersecting management links. In order to improve the quality of the analysis and evaluation of the standard grid structure of the distribution network, this approach uses the 10kV medium voltage distribution network as the object to identify the standard connection Research. First, abstract the wiring diagram of the distribution network, extract the characteristics of standard connection types, establish a eigenvector expression model and standard connection type feature library. Second, use breadth-first search to form the network topology structure, and check data to detect the transfer capacity of closed loops, islands, and contact switches. Then use the principle of statistics to calculate the content of the eigenvector expression. Finally, use the pattern recognition method to match the eigenvector expression of the connection group to be identified with the standard wiring type feature library. Based on the statistical standard connection characteristics, this approach adopts the method of pattern recognition to judge the standard grid, which has a good recognition effect and accuracy on the actual distribution network wiring, and is of great significance to the later power grid transformation.
Research on Rolling Optimal Scheduling Model of Integrated Energy System for Park Energy Internet
Authors: Yin Shuo , Bai Hongkun , Yang Meng , Chai Zhe , Yan Jing , Zhang Peng , Bao Peng , Zhang Han 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
As the physical carrier of the energy internet, the reasonable scheduling of the integrated energy system has become the focus of current research. In this paper, based on the demand for energy internet construction, renewable energy and demand- side load fluctuations are considered, and the price-type and substitution-type demand side response characteristics are utilized to establish day-ahead and intra-day optimization scheduling model, which takes into account the demand side response. According to the difference of electricity, cold/heat and gas dispatching time, a three- layer rolling optimal dispatching model is proposed. The case study shows that the multi-time scale optimal scheduling model with demand-side response can restrain the fluctuation of intraday renewable energy and load, improve the stability of the system, and further reduce the operating cost of the system.
Study on Dynamic Response of a New Type Ultra High Voltage AC-DC Hybrid Power Grid
Authors: Zhu Haoqing , Shi Linjun , Xing Chunchen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The new high-capacity condenser can better meet the dynamic reactive power demand brought by the large-scale development of UHVDC System, and its electrical parameters are bound to be different from the traditional condenser. In this paper, the influence of electrical parameters on the transient process and sub transient process of the condenser is analyzed, and the key parameters of the dynamic optimization of the new high-capacity condenser are extracted. Then, based on epri-36 bus system and PSASP simulation platform, the DC sending and receiving system with the new high-capacity condenser is simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the condenser is in UHV AC / DC system. The hybrid system plays a positive role in fault response.
Multi - objective distribution network reconstruction based on decimal coding
Authors: Wu Tianchen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The distribution network reconfiguration problem is a highly complex mixed integer, nonlinear, multi-objective planning problem. According to the closed-loop design and open-loop operation of the distribution network, this paper proposes a loop- based decimal coding method to reduce the space of infeasible solutions. At the same time, combined with breadth-first search to form and test feasible solutions. The text takes the network loss and voltage deviation as the target, uses the NSGA-II algorithm for multi-objective optimization, and uses the Newton Raphson method to check and evaluate the reconstruction scheme. Finally, an IEEE-33 node test case is used to verify the algorithm. The results show that the algorithm can quickly calculate an approximate global optimal network reconstruction scheme.
Design and Fabrication of a Scaled Down Self Load Pneumatic Modern Trailer
Authors: Praveena B A , Shetty Balachandra P , Arvind R , Gagan Deep J G , Kumar Gaurav Satish , Pavan Kalyan K , Vasu Vikram Kedambadi , Lokesh N 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This research work has mainly concentrated on the difficulty of the movement of 3 axes on a modern trailer and hence a suitable arrangement has been designed such that the materials can be unloaded from the trailer in three axes without application of any impact force. Our survey is in the regard of several automobile industries that revealed some facts which are most likely difficult methods that were adopted in weighing load especially in difficulties of unloading the materials from the trailer. It is difficult to unload the materials in small, compact streets and roads; therefore, in our project these issues are rectified to unload the trailer in all three sides with ease. The control valve of the trailer is activated manually and hence the compressed air passes to the pneumatic cylinder through the valve. The ram of the pneumatic cylinder acts as a lifting arm of the trailer cabin. This project also focuses on application of self-load weighing such that the material loading and unloading weight display is viewed to cross check while unloading. The automobile engine drive is coupled to the compressor engine, so that it stores the compressed air when the vehicle is running. This compressed air is used to activate the pneumatic cylinder when the valve is activated. Also, rotation of the trailer is done with the help of gear drive system operated by the motor. The whole mechanism is controlled by the operator or driver which is near the driving seat that helps them to operate safely and easily.
Investigation of effect of mechanical properties and Influence of Heat treatment on AISI 4140 steel
Authors: Nagaraja T. K. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The optimization methods in metal heating processes, considered to be a vital tool for continual improvement of output quality in products. In order to optimize the gains from the raw material of AISI 4140 alloy steel, an accurate process must be constructed. The carbon content in AISI4140 steel ranges from 0.38 to 0.43%. In this approach the mechanical properties mainly like Hardness, Yield Strength, Wear Resistance are amenable to modification via heat treatment. In the present work the objective is to test the chosen steel with various heat treatment processes and also analyze their microstructure. A comparative study made across the properties vs. heat treat processes. Finally, to choose the best heat treatment process and optimal properties that can be achieved.
Solid State Diffusion Bonding Process-A Review
Authors: Aravinda T , Niranjan H B , Satish Babu B , Udaya Ravi M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The present paper reports on the various diffusion bonding techniques using atomic diffusion of elements at the interface. The bonding process is used mainly for joining dissimilar metals. However, two similar metals can also be bonded with or without using an interlayer. Dissimilar materials include metalceramic; interlayer can also be used if necessary, in between the interfaces. The other methods of joining would probably interfere with the microstructure of the base metal at the point of interface. Various methods of joining like welding create reaction between the materials in the molten pool. Residual stresses would not appear at the bonding site, neither has it created thermal gradients using diffusion technique. Distortion observed in diffusion bonding is quite less compared to other joining process. It is also observed that the interface retains similar mechanical and physical properties as that of the base material. The strength at the interface depends on parameters like temperature, pressure and time taken for contact while forming the solid state bond.
Assessment and Modelling of Cutting Forces in Turning of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Vivek Bhandarkar V N , Pal Bhaskar , Shanmuganathan S.P. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The conventional materials are nowadays replaced by Metal matrix composites owing to their excellent Mechanical and machining phenomena. The growing/up-trending growth in Automobile and aerospace sector paves / necessitates the need for accuracy / closer tolerance in machining parameters. The constraints while machining MMC’s are surface roughness and cutting force parameters. The present study focuses on the cutting parameters, condition influencing the surface roughness in terms of material composition, tool wear, speed feed, during the machining of LM6/SiC composites. The mathematical model has been established using Taguchi technique (L16 orthogonal array). By using the RSM approach empirical relation for various machining attributes has been generated to assess the output parameters namely, Feed force (Ff), Cutting force (Fc), Radial force (Fd) and surface roughness (Ra). Desirability function approach is used to find the optimal machining condition. The influence of various parameters in machining of LM6/SiC composite have been analyzed in detail. The study showed that the optimized outputs for the machining of LM6/SiC composite for the input parameters 0% Reinforcement, new tool flank wear(0mm), speed in the range of 684 rpm and 0.1mm feed rate respectively are 7.827 N, 11.196N, 7.890 N and 10.786μm.
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Performance Enhancement Via Utilizing the Repulsive Characteristics of Permanent Magnets
Authors: Hegde Sandesh , Ramachandra C G 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Humans have been using wind power for past thousands of years to propel sailboats and ships. But from calendar year 1980s, in the energy sector we can see dramatic development in the form of wind energy. Today in renewable power, other than the hydropower, together with solar power, the wind is also most important source energy. Here the wind energy conversion system; consist of turbine which transforms the kinetic energy available in the wind into the mechanical energy, then the mechanical energy is boosted up with the help of gearbox and then generators are used to transform the rotational mechanical energy into the electrical energy. Now this paper mainly concentrates on the implementation of “magnetic propelling phenomenon” to improve the efficiency of the VAWT system and technology will be implemented between the rotating plane and fixed plane below the turbine, in such way that like polarities facing each other to create magnetic repulsion. The natural property of magnetic repulsion which is created between like poles of magnets can be used as a source of energy. Thus this system will operate with an additional feature like, magnetic repulsion characteristics. The force which is created as the result of the magnetic repulsion will also adds kinetic energy to the turbine while converting the wind kinetic energy into the rotational mechanical energy by the turbines, Hence here our PMP-VAWT system has the ability to operate in the both high & low wind speed environment condition with better efficiency due to the implementation of magnetic repulsive characteristics, and here our choice is to demonstrate the efficiency of PMP-VAWT system as compared to the Traditional VAWT system.
A Review on Adsorption Chilling Systems And Viable Future Focus In Refrigeration
Authors: Aalderik Jude J , Dandotiya Devendra , Pal Bhaskar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The adsorption refrigeration system has gained significant insight in recent years as it has paved an important way of utilizing low-grade thermal energy and eco-friendly refrigerant efficiently. However, it is yet to be commercially viable due to its low Coefficient of Performance (COP) and specific cooling power (SCP) in comparison to the traditional chilling technologies. This paper reviews various validation in incorporating different strategies to maximize the performance and cooling power of the system, out of which, prominent stages include-waste heat recovery, mass recovery, multi-bed, multi-stage, and revamp functionality.
This study acknowledges different parameters and allied substitution, for instance, low evaporative temperature, low generative temperature functioning can be controlled by infusing the mass recovery technique. Furthermore, other variables like appropriate cycle time and switching time are discussed to attain optimum performance of the system as it Is regarded that the adsorption chiller greatly relies on the functionality of the system. Besides, to the above-stated variables, an adsorbent material is employed and this assures a considerably desirable performance.
This study further extended in briefing the economic criterion, increasing the power to mass ratio, and also improving the knowledge regarding the potential performance of the system in the long run when the energy-driven is either solar or waste heat energy source.
State of the Art of Phase Change Material (PCM) for the Purpose of Heat Storage and Transfer in Cylindrical and Rectangular/Square Shells/Tubes – A Review
Authors: Prashanth S P , Dandotiya Devendra , Surendra Kumar A M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The state of the art of the PCM’s reveals enabled characteristics that opens the door for multiple heat transfer and storage phenomena. The PCM absorbs, stores, and releases the energy during its phase change thus it most widely helps in latent heat transfer techniques. Nowadays Nano-fluid and Nano-phase change materials are replacing the general phase change materials because of its high heat transfer and storage capability. Further, varieties of passive heat transfer techniques such as heat exchangers of shell/tube type of various patterns and geometries are utilized to optimize the thermal energy. The artificial neural network is embedded in the system to recognize the pattern for faster processing. In this article, the PCM heat storage and transfer techniques are critically reviewed in comparison with the Cylindrical and Rectangular/Square shells/tubes based on the effect of parameters such as solidification/melting performance, enthalpy, fluid flow pattern in the liquid molten state, types of PCM used, etc. The numerical/analytical and experimentation techniques are categorized based on the results of various researcher and conclusion is established.
Power Generation to the Coastal Areas with an Approach to Wave Energy Device-A Prototype
Authors: Rupesh P L , Rana Hitesh Kumar , Shashidar Soma , Satya Sai Darshan M , Varun Teja G 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Ocean cover more than 70% of earth surface and ocean waves carries enormous wave power. The substantial part of world electricity can be supplied by utilizing the largest source of untapped clean energy (wave energy). Wave energy is more predictable compare to wind energy and can be forecast 24 hours ahead. In this work, the concept of utilization of wave energy in the power generation has been delivered. The approach to wave energy has been done by using the combination of a buoy and a piston. The work described in this paper aims at the design and fabrication of a wave energy device. A numerical study of the power production by the fabricated device has been done for the implementation of this device in the Indian coastal areas for a clean and sustainable power production in future.
Experimental Analysis of Influence of Injection Pressure on Compression Ignition Engine With Biodiesel and Nanoparticles Blend
Authors: Mendonca Sharun , Bhat Thirumaleshwara , Prabhu Ravikantha , Dsouza Rudolf 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The scarcity of conventional fuel and stringent emission norms made researchers to look after alternative fuels to run an internal combustion engine. One of the possible alternatives for the Compression Ignition engine is biodiesel. Although there are some challenges such as high viscosity, low calorific value, carbon deposit on the injector nozzle, etc. To overcome these challenge nanoparticles are added which will bring most properties near to virgin diesel. Simarouba a non-edible biodiesel feedstock used and aluminum oxide nanoparticles are added with 50 nm size. Using a probe-type Ultrasonication process nano-biodiesel blend is prepared. To improve stability SDS surfactants are added. The characterization of nanoparticles studied using SEM image. The performance of the engine tested for different dosage levels of nanoparticles mainly 25 ppm, 50 ppm, and 75 ppm. The injection timing, injector pressure, and speed kept constant, whereas injection pressure is varied 200 bar, 225 bar, and 250 bar. There is found a 5.2% increase in brake thermal efficiency for nanoparticles added blend biodiesel at 250 bar compare to 200 bar pressure. For the same thing brake specific fuel consumption decreased by 9%. Most of emissions such as Carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbons decreased, whereas there is a significant amount of increase in oxides of nitrogen emission found.
Experimental Model of a Mobile Platform for Moving on Orthogonal Routes
Authors: Mazur Vitaliy V , Panchak Sofiia T 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The paper considers an experimental model of a mobile platform for moving on orthogonal routes. The advantages of orthogonal routes for planning and ensuring the movement of the platform are shown. The structural scheme of the mobile platform and the organization of functioning of its subsystems are developed. The platform’s construction and digital control system for ensuring its motion and positioning on the marked surface are offered. Methods of traffic organization and routes planning for platform movement are proposed. Peculiarities of using the experimental model of the platform in the educational process of the CAD Department are considered.
Information Technology of Robotic Prosthesis Computer-Aided Design Based on Parametric Modeling
Authors: Parkhomenko A V , Gladkova O M , Zalyubovskiy Y I , Parkhomenko A V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The features of modern technologies of three-dimensional parametric modeling were investigated in this paper. It was shown that the application of tabular parameterization makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the computer-aided design of biomedical products by accelerating the development of similar components in their composition. An information technology for the computer-aided design of a robotic prosthesis prototype in the PTC Creo environment has been developed. The functionality of the virtual and physical prototypes of the robotic prosthesis was checked with the usage of digital kinematic simulation and real tests. The developed tabular parametric model makes it possible to control the mass-dimensional characteristics of the product during the development of individual prostheses, taking into account the anatomical features of a particular patient.