bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TGFβ1 pathway components in breast cancer tissue from aggressive subtypes correlate with better prognostic parameters in ER-positive and p53-negative cancers
Authors: Vitiello Glauco Akelinghton Freire , Amarante Marla Karine , Crespigio Jefferson , Banin Hirata Bruna Karina , de Sousa Pereira Nathalia , de Oliveira Karen Brajão , Guembarovski Roberta Losi , Watanabe Maria Angelica Ehara 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundTGFβ signaling exerts context-specific effects in breast cancer (BC) pathogenesis and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TGFβ-signaling components play a role in the genetic control of their expression and in BC susceptibility and clinical presentation. However, studies investigating the association between the TGFβ-signaling molecules and BC prognosis rarely considered disease subtypes and SNPs. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the expression of TGFβ-signaling components in BC tissue from patients with available data regardingTGFB1andTGFBR2SNPs and plasmatic TGFβ1 levels.MethodsImmunostaining for TGFβ1, TGFβRII and phosphorylated (p)-SMAD2/3 was investigated in primary tumor tissue from 34 patients with luminal-B-HER2+(LB-HER2), HER2-enriched (HER2) and triple negative (TN) BC subtypes genotyped forTGFB1(rs1800468, rs1800469, rs1800470 and rs1800471) andTGFBR2(rs3087465) SNPs.ResultsStrong positive correlations were observed between TGFβ1, TGFβRII and p-SMAD2/3 in tumor tissue, and an inverse correlation was observed between intratumor and plasmatic TGFβ1 levels in TN BCs. In LB-HER2+tumors, p-SMAD2/3 was associated with older age at diagnosis and inversely correlated with p53 staining and lymph-node metastasis, while tumor-size negatively correlated with TGFβ1 and TGFβRII in this BC subgroup. Also, in p53-negative BCs, tumor size and Ki67 negatively correlated with both TGFβ1, TGFβRII and p-SMAD2/3. No correlation was found between SNPs and TGFβ1-signaling components expression.ConclusionTGFβ1 canonical signaling is activated in approximately half of BCs, and correlation between TGFβ components indicate a paracrine activation, which may exert tumor suppressor effects in p53-negative or Luminal-B-HER2+subgroups.
The PostStroke-Manager – combining mobile, digital and sensor-based technology with personal assistance: protocol of the feasibility study
Authors: Michalski Dominik , Prost Alexander , Handel Till , Schreiber Max , Tylcz Jean-Baptiste , Geisler Daniela , Urban Daniela , Schramm Stephanie , Lippmann Stefan , Gullnick Jenny , Neumuth Thomas , Classen Joseph , Ivanova Galina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Post stroke management has moved into the focus as it represents the only way to secure acute treatment effects in the long term. Due to individual courses, post stroke management appears rather challenging and is hindered by existing barriers between treatment sectors. As a novel concept, the PostStroke-Manager combines digital and sensor-based technology with personal assistance to enable intersectoral cooperation, best possible reduction of stroke-related disability, optimal secondary prevention, and detection of physical and psychological comorbidities.

Methods
This prospective single-center observational study aims to investigate the feasibility of the PostStroke-Manager concept in an outpatient setting. Ninety patients who have suffered an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke or transient ischemic attack will be equipped with a tablet and mobile devices recording physical activity, blood pressure, and electrocardiographic signals. Through a server-based platform, patients will be connected with the primary care physician, a stroke pilot and, if necessary, other specialists who will use web-based platforms. Via the tablet, patients will have access to an application with 10 newly designed components including, for instance, a communication tool, medication schedule, medical records platform, and psychometric screenings (e.g., depression, anxiety symptoms, quality of life, adherence, cognitive impairment). During the 1-year follow-up period, clinical visits are scheduled at three-month intervals. In the interim, communication will be secured by an appropriate tool that includes text messenger, audio, and video telephony. As the primary endpoint, feasibility will be measured by a 14-item questionnaire that addresses digital components, technical support, and personal assistance. The PostStroke-Manager will be judged feasible if at least 50% of these aspects are rated positively by at least 75% of patients. Secondary endpoints include feedback from professionals and longitudinal analyses on clinical and psychometric parameters.

Perspective
This study will answer the question of whether combined digital and personal support is a feasible approach to post stroke management. Furthermore, the patient perspective gained regarding digital support may help to specify future applications. This study will also provide information regarding the potential use of remote therapies and mobile devices in situations with limited face-to-face contacts.

Trial registration
German Register for Clinical Trials (DRKS00023213.), registered 27 April 2021.
A Reference Range for Plasma Levels of Inorganic Pyrophosphate in Children Using the ATP Sulfurylase Method
Authors: Bernhard Eva , Nitschke Yvonne , Khursigara Gus , Sabbagh Yves , Wang Yongbao , Rutsch Frank 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Purpose
Generalized arterial calcification of infancy, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 2, and hypophosphatasia are rare inherited disorders associated with altered plasma levels of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi). In this study, we aimed to establish a reference range for plasma PPi in the pediatric population, which would be essential to support its use as a biomarker in children with mineralization disorders.

Methods
Plasma samples were collected from 200 children aged 1 day to 18 years who underwent blood testing for medical conditions not affecting plasma PPi levels. PPi was measured in proband plasma utilizing a validated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) sulfurylase method.

Results
The analytical sensitivity of the ATP sulfurylase assay consisted of 0.15 to 10 µM PPi. Inter- and intra-assay coefficients of variability on identical samples were below 10%. The standard range of PPi in the blood plasma of children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years was calculated as 2.36 to 4.44 µM, with a median of 3.17 µM, with no difference between male and female probands. PPi plasma levels did not differ significantly in different pediatric age groups.

Main Conclusions
Our results yielded no noteworthy discrepancy to the reported standard range of plasma PPi in adults (2-5 µM). We propose the described ATP sulfurylase method as a diagnostic tool to measure PPi levels in plasma as a biomarker in the pediatric population.
Rapid inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by titanium dioxide surface coating
Authors: Micochova Petra , Chadha Ambika , Hesseloj Timi , Fraternali Franca , Ramsden Jeremy J. , Gupta Ravindra K. 
Published: September 2021

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission occurs via airborne droplets and surface contamination. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) coating of surfaces is a promising infection control measure, though to date has not been tested against SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Virus stability was evaluated on TiO2- and TiO2–Ag (Ti:Ag atomic ratio 1:0.04)-coated 45 x 45 mm ceramic tiles. After coating the tiles were stored for 2–4 months before use. We tested the stability of both SARS-CoV-2 Spike pseudotyped virions based on a lentiviral system, as well as fully infectious SARS-CoV-2 virus. For the former, tile surfaces were inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped HIV-1 luciferase virus. At intervals virus was recovered from surfaces and target cells infected. For live virus, after illuminating tiles for 0–300 min virus was recovered from surfaces followed by infection of Vero E6 cells. % of infected cells was determined by flow cytometry detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein 24 h post-infection. Results: After 1 h illumination the pseudotyped viral titre was decreased by four orders of magnitude. There was no significant difference between the TiO2 and TiO2–Ag coatings. Light alone had no significant effect on viral viability. For live SARS-CoV-2, virus was already significantly inactivated on the TiO2 surfaces after 20 min illumination. After 5 h no detectable active virus remained. Significantly, SARS-CoV-2 on the untreated surface was still fully infectious at 5 h post-addition of virus. Overall, tiles coated with TiO2 120 days previously were able to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 under ambient indoor lighting with 87% reduction in titres at 1h and complete loss by 5h exposure. Conclusions: In the context of emerging viral variants with increased transmissibility, TiO2 coatings could be an important tool in containing SARS-CoV-2, particularly in health care facilities where nosocomial infection rates are high.
Arts-based interventions for people living with dementia: Measuring ‘in the moment’ wellbeing with the Canterbury Wellbeing Scales
Authors: Strohmaier Sarah , Homans Karl M. , Hulbert Sabina , Crutch Sebastian J. , Brotherhood Emilie V. , Harding Emma , Camic Paul M. 
Published: September 2021

Background: There is growing acknowledgement for the need to move beyond exclusive biomedical understandings of dementia and also focus on how to improve the lives and wellbeing of people living with dementia. A mounting body of research advocates for the benefits of arts-based interventions for this population. The purpose of this study was to explore the links between multiple components of arts-based interventions and subjective wellbeing in order to help assess if these activities might contribute to meaningful community-based dementia care initiatives. Methods: Using previously collected data across different intervention sites, a within- and between- participants design was used that assessed wellbeing through the Canterbury Wellbeing Scales (CWS) in people with mild-to-moderate dementias (N = 201) who participated in various community arts-based interventions (ABI). Data were analysed using non-parametric statistical analyses and bootstrapped moderation models. Results: Increases in subjective wellbeing were associated with all forms of ABI. Co-creative sessions significantly strengthened the relationship between number of sessions attended and overall wellbeing as well as optimism. No significant moderating effect was observed between number of sessions attended and carer presence. Conclusions: In the largest study of its kind to date to assess wellbeing using arts activities in a community-based dementia sample, findings support the use and acceptability of the CWS as a measurement tool for people with early-to-middle stages of dementia and suggest that the CWS can reliably measure wellbeing in this population. In addition, the positive effect of arts-based interactions on specific aspects of wellbeing were found, which provide a better understanding of the conditions under which these effects can be prolonged and sustained. Further research is needed to better understand the environmental, social, and psychological mechanisms through which these improvements operate.
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease thresholds for statin initiation among people living with HIV in Thailand: A cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Boettiger David C. , Chattranukulchai Pairoj , Avihingsanon Anchalee , Chaiwarith Romanee , Khusuwan Suwimon , Law Matthew G. , Ross Jeremy , Kiertiburanakul Sasisopin 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundPeople living with HIV (PLHIV) have an elevated risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) compared to their uninfected peers. Expanding statin use may help alleviate this burden. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of reducing the recommend statin initiation threshold for primary ASCVD prevention among PLHIV in Thailand.MethodsOur decision analytic microsimulation model randomly selected (with replacement) individuals from the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (data collected between 1/January/2013 and 1/September/2019). Direct medical costs and quality-adjusted life-years were assigned in annual cycles over a lifetime horizon and discounted at 3% per year. We assumed the Thai healthcare sector perspective. The study population included PLHIV aged 35–75 years, without ASCVD, and receiving antiretroviral therapy. Statin initiation thresholds evaluated were 10-year ASCVD risk ≥10% (control), ≥7.5% and ≥5%.ResultsA statin initiation threshold of ASCVD risk ≥7.5% resulted in accumulation of 0.015 additional quality-adjusted life-years compared with an ASCVD risk threshold ≥10%, at an extra cost of 3,539 Baht ($US113), giving an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of 239,000 Baht ($US7,670)/quality-adjusted life-year gained. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio comparing ASCVD risk ≥5% to ≥7.5% was 349,000 Baht ($US11,200)/quality-adjusted life-year gained. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of 160,000 Baht ($US5,135)/quality-adjusted life-year gained, a 30.8% reduction in the average cost of low/moderate statin therapy led to the ASCVD risk threshold ≥7.5% becoming cost-effective compared with current practice.ConclusionsReducing the recommended 10-year ASCVD risk threshold for statin initiation among PLHIV in Thailand would not currently be cost-effective. However, a lower threshold could become cost-effective with greater preference for cheaper statins.
Faithful to the Wor(l)d. Visual Texts, Responsibility and the Issue of Translation
Authors: Vallorani Nicoletta 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
My work here focuses on translation and migration, with specific reference to the field of visual arts, exploiting the kind of approach suggested by Loredana Polezzi – and mostly applied to linguistic translation – in her “Translation and Migration”. My contention is that, though apparently mimetic and universally understandable, images are culture-bound and they need being translated when crossing a border. The process of translation becomes more and more complex when the represented object/events/person is framed within a much-debated and politically overloaded issue. Focusing on a definite time (today) and a specific space (the Mediterranean Sea), I select some artistic projects by both Western and non-Western artists, pursuing a twofold objective. I want to show how the selected works raise the issue of responsibility and I want to reflect on the “language” they use to “translate” an untranslatable experience into an understandable message.
Optimal Control of a Mathematical Model of Smoking with Temporary Quitters and Permanent Quitters
Authors: Samsir Andi Utari , Toaha Syamsuddin , Kasbawati Kasbawati 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This article discusses the optimal control of a mathematical model on smoking. This model consists of six population classes, namely potential to become smoker snuffing class irregular smokers regular smokers temporary quitters and permanent quitters The completion of this research uses the Pontryagin minimum principle and numerically using the forward-backward Sweep method. Numerical simulations of the optimal problem show that with the implementation of education campaigns and anti-nicotine medicine, the smokers can be decreased more quickly and the smoking population who quit permanently can be increased. The implementation of both through large amounts needs to be done from the beginning. The use of control in the form of education campaigns is of great value until the end of the research period means that it needs to be done continuously to reduce the number of smokers in the population.
Senyawa Steroid dari Cocor Bebek (Kalanchoe tomentosa) sebagai Antibakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Anwar Risyandi , Aisyah Lilis Siti , Lestari Faridia Puspita , Ilfani Delia , Yun Yenny Febriani , Prestya Pebrian Diki 
Published: September 2021

<p>Plak adalah pembentukan komunitas bakteri yang terorganisir pada permukaan gigi yang berupa lapisan tipis tidak berwarna. Pseudomonas aeruginosa adalah salah satu bakteri yang sangat berperan pada pembentukan plak. Metabolit sekunder yang terkandung dalam tanaman Kalanchoe tomentosa dapat digunakan sebagai antibakteri. Tahapan penelitian diawali dengan maserasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksan dan diklorometana. Ekstrak diklorometana dipisahkan menggunakan Kromatografi Cair Vakum (KCV) dengan n-heksana dan etil asetat sebagai pelarut bergradien selanjutnya direkristalisasi dengan n-heksan, hasil rekristalisasi didapatkan isolat 1. Isolat 1 dikarakterisasi dengan spektroskopi infra-red (IR), ultraviolet (UV) dan nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen (<sup>1</sup>H NMR) serta dibandingkan dengan literatur. Isolat 1 diketahui merupakan stigmast-5-en-3ꞵ-ol atau ꞵ-sitosterol. Pada ekstrak diklorometana dan senyawa ꞵ-sitosterol kemudian ditentukan aktivitas antibakteri secara mikrodilusi didapatkan hasil bahwa ekstrak diklorometana dan senyawa ꞵ-sitosterol bukan hanya menunjukan sifat bakteriostatik tetapi juga bakterisid kuat terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosadengan nilai Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) &lt;100 µg/mL.</p><p><strong>Steroid Compounds from Cocor Bebek (Kalanchoe tomentosa) as Antibacterial Pseudomonas aeruginosa. </strong>Plaque is a thin, colorless layer that adheres tightly to the surface of the teeth and contains a collection of bacteria. One of the bacteria that can form dental plaque is Porphyromonas aeruginosa. Kalanchoe tomentosa contain secondary metabolite which can be used as antibacterial. Stages of the study begin with maceration using n-hexane and dichloromethane. Dichloromethane extract was separated using Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (KCV) using n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents and then recrystallized with n-hexane, the recrystallization results were obtained by isolate 1. Isolate 1 was marked by IR spectroscopy, and <sup>1</sup>HNMR and compared with literature. Isolate 1 is known as stigmast-5-en-3ꞵ-ol or ꞵ-sitosterol. In dichloromethane extracts and ꞵ-sitosterol is determined by microdilution by microdilution. The results showed that dichloromethane extract and ꞵ-sitosterol compound not only showed strong bacteriostatic but also bacterisid activity against P. aeruginosa with Minimum Inhibiroty Concentration (MIC) &lt;100 μg / mL.</p>
DAMPAK TPA PUTRI CEMPO TERHADAP PERMUKIMAN
Authors: Ramadhanti Nurhaliza Dewi , Astuti Winny , Putri Rufia Andisetyana 
Published: September 2021

<em>Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) Putri Cempo merupakan tempat berlangsungnya pemrosesan akhir sampah yang berasal dari seluruh wilayah Kota Surakarta. Pada area TPA Putri Cempo dilakukan berbagai kegiatan, mulai dari pemilahan sampah, pengumpulan dan pengangkutan, daur ulang, penimbunan dan pengolahan air lindi. TPA Putri Cempo terletak berbatasan langsung dengan kawasan permukiman di Kelurahan Mojosongo dan Desa Plesungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak aktivitas pengelolaan sampah TPA Putri Cempo terhadap kualitas permukiman di sekitarnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis deskriptif. Teknik analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk menganalisis dampak aktivitas pengelolaan sampah dilihat dari tujuh aspek kualitas permukiman, yaitu (1) kondisi fisik dan tata bangunan, (2) kondisi sarana dan fasilitas umum, (3) kondisi prasarana dasar, (4) kenyamanan dan keamanan lingkungan, (5) lokasi dan aksesbilitas permukiman, (6) kondisi lingkungan alami, dan (7) perekonomian. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa aktivitas pengelolaan sampah TPA Putri Cempo mengakibatkan dampak terhadap berbagai aspek kualitas permukiman di sekitarnya. Pada zona radius ≤500 m, aktivitas pemilahan sampah berdampak pada aspek fisik dan tata bangunan, kondisi sarana, lokasi dan aksesibilitas, serta perekonomian. Aktivitas pengumpulan dan pengangkutan sampah berdampak pada aspek keamanan dan kenyamanan, serta lokasi dan aksesibilitas. Aktivitas daur ulang sampah berdampak pada aspek perekonomian. Aktivitas penimbunan akhir berdampak pada aspek kondisi lingkungan alami, kondisi prasarana, keamanan dan kenyamanan, lokasi dan aksesibilitas, serta perekonomian. Terakhir, aktivitas pengolahan air lindi berdampak pada aspek kondisi lingkungan alami. Sementara itu, pada radius &gt;500-1000 m, aktivitas pemilahan sampah tidak mengakibatkan dampak terhadap kualitas permukiman. Aktivitas pengumpulan dan pengangkutan sampah berdampak pada aspek keamanan dan kenyamanan. Aktivitas daur ulang berdampak pada aspek perekonomian. Aktivitas penimbunan akhir berdampak pada nilai lokasi dan aksesibilitas. Terakhir, aktivitas pengolahan air lindi tidak mengakibatkan dampak terhadap kualitas permukiman.</em>
Excess Deaths in Mexico City and New York City During the COVID-19 Pandemic, March to August 2020
Authors: Lajous Martín , Huerta-Gutiérrez Rodrigo , Kennedy Joseph , Olson Donald R. , Weinberger Daniel M. 
Published: September 2021

Objectives. To estimate all-cause excess deaths in Mexico City (MXC) and New York City (NYC) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. We estimated expected deaths among residents of both cities between March 1 and August 29, 2020, using log-linked negative binomial regression and compared these deaths with observed deaths during the same period. We calculated total and age-specific excess deaths and 95% prediction intervals (PIs). Results. There were 259 excess deaths per 100 000 (95% PI = 249, 269) in MXC and 311 (95% PI = 305, 318) in NYC during the study period. The number of excess deaths among individuals 25 to 44 years old was much higher in MXC (77 per 100 000; 95% PI = 69, 80) than in NYC (34 per 100 000; 95% PI = 30, 38). Corresponding estimates among adults 65 years or older were 1263 (95% PI = 1199, 1317) per 100 000 in MXC and 1581 (95% PI = 1549, 1621) per 100 000 in NYC. Conclusions. Overall, excess mortality was higher in NYC than in MXC; however, the excess mortality rate among young adults was higher in MXC. Public Health Implications. Excess all-cause mortality comparisons across populations and age groups may represent a more complete measure of pandemic effects and provide information on mitigation strategies and susceptibility factors. (Am J Public Health. 2021;111(10): 1847–1850. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306430 )