bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human motion recognition using three-dimensional skeleton model based on RGBD vision system
Authors: Ye Qing , Tan Zexian , Qu Chang , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Human action recognition is one of the most important topics in computer vision. It has a lot of applications in intelligent monitoring, human-computer interaction, virtual reality, motion analysis and video annotation, etc. However, the effects of recognition are usually affected by human occlusion, self-occlusion, ambiguity and so on. In view of the above problems, this article describes an algorithm to recognize human motion using three-dimensional skeleton model based on RGBD vision system. Firstly, the human body three-dimensional skeleton model is established with the Kinect. Next, the normalized relative positions of skeleton joints and joint angles are adopted as features, and the action database containing the color image, the depth image, the skeletal image and the coordinates of the joints is built. Then, the features are trained and classified by multi-class support vector machine classifier. Finally, human motion recognitions are carried out. Experimental results indicate that the algorithm can recognize 12 kinds of actions behaved by different humans effectively.
Human Interaction Behavior Recognition based on Local Spatial - Temporal and Global Feature
Authors: Ye Qing , Li Rui , Guo Xinran 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
At present, the human interaction behavior algorithm has received great attention, but how to effectively extract the interactive characteristics of human interaction and establish the complex model between multiple targets is still a difficult problem. Aiming at this problem, we proposed a human interaction recognition method based on local spatial - temporal and global feature. This method treats people who are interacting as a whole. Firstly, foreground human object is extracted by the inter-frame difference. Secondly, the optical flow and space-time points of interest are extracted. Considering the large and high dimension of the feature, the characteristics of each frame image are described by the gradient direction histogram HOG and the optical flow histogram HOF. Then, BP neural network is used to classify each feature of each frame. Considering the limitations of different features for interactive behavior recognition, BP neural network combined with classification fusion is used to obtain the final interaction behavior category. The algorithm tested in the UT interaction dataset, and the experimental results show that this method can recognize the interaction behaviors of hitting, hugging, kicking, pushing and handshaking. The proposed method can be applied to intelligent video surveillance.
Research on Novel Whale Algorithm for Multi-objective Optimal Power Flow Problem
Authors: Zhao Xilai , Chen Gonggui , Qin Qilin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To solve the non-differentiable optimal power flow (OPF) problems while satisfying various operational constrains, a multi-objective novel whale optimization algorithm (MONWOA) is proposed. MONWOA algorithm can overcome the premature-convergence of standard whale optimization algorithm. A Pareto-dominant approach with constrains (PDA) is employed to guarantee no violations of various inequality constraints on state variables. MONWOA algorithm is applied to optimize fuel cost, emission, active power loss and fuel cost (with value-point loadings). The bi-objective and tri-objective trials are implemented on IEEE30-bus system and the IEEE57-bus system. A large number of experimental results obtained by MONWOA and MOPSO algorithms, demonstrate that MONWOA has the definite competitive advantages to obtain uniform distribution Pareto front set (PFs), high-quality Pareto optimal solution (POS) and search for the best compromise solution (BCS) in solving MOOPF problem.
A New Dead-time Compensation Method Based on LMS Algorithm for PMSM
Authors: Zhu Hongguan , Chen Ying , Lei Hongdan , Chen Dongdong , Li Zongwei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a new dead-time compensation method for permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) at low speed. Based on least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm and combined with the traditional average voltage compensation method, the proposed method can determine the current polarity through extracting the fundamental current. Compared with traditional compensation methods, the proposed method can detect current polarity more accurately at low speed due to the narrower notch bandwidth. Moreover, this method is robust to motor parameters and easy to implement. The proposed method is simulated in a voltage-source inverter PMSM drive controlled by I/F and the results show that it meets the requirement of dead-time compensation and eliminates the influence of dead-time effect.
Reconstruction of complex temperature field based on improved Tikhonov regularization
Authors: Chen Yutong , Yan Hua 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In order to improve the reconstruction accuracy of complex temperature field by acoustic CT, an improved Tikhonov regularization temperature field reconstruction algorithm is proposed. In this method, the filtering factor of standard Tikhonov regularization method is changed, so that no correction is made for larger singular values, while the correction for smaller singular values will increase with the decrease of singular values. The reconstruction results of typical temperature fields based on simulation data and experiment data verify the the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm on reducing reconstruction errors of temperature fields.
An Optimization Strategy for Intra-day Demand Response Based on Security Constraints
Authors: Sun Ziru , Chen Minyu , Ai Qian , Zhao Long , Liu Xiaoming , Sun Donglei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Demand response(DR) has become an effective means to deal with renewable energy integration and load fluctuations in the power system. This article first analyzes the classification and characteristics of controllable resources used in DR. Secondly, taking into consideration the transferable load, interruptible load and the energy storage system in DR, an intra-day scheduling model is then established based on safety constraints. Finally, a case is studied to analyze the role of DR in improving system safety and reducing operating costs. Results show the effectiveness of this model.
Broadband Power Line Carrier Communication MAC Layer Scheduling Algorithm for Multi-service Transmission Requirements in Electric Internet of Things
Authors: Yin Xiyang , Liu Yizhao , Ji Hao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Since traditional power line carrier communication resource allocation algorithm does not consider the mixed services QoS requirements and the queue buffer the MAC layer, the user could not be reasonably scheduled in mixed service flow, which causes the problem of poor distribution balance among different users. This paper proposes a MAC layer user scheduling algorithm for broadband power line carrier communication in a concurrent mixed service scenario. The algorithm dynamically prioritizes the data packets in the user buffer area according to the QoS requirements of the application layer power multi-service and the queue length in the data link layer buffer area, and gives the minimum physical layer required to meet the QoS requirements of mixed services transmission rate, and then realize the MAC layer user scheduling process of broadband power line carrier communication in the concurrent mixed service scenario.
Pathologic Lymph Node Staging of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Díaz del Arco Cristina , Ortega Medina Luis , Estrada Muñoz Lourdes , García Gómez de las Heras Soledad , Fernández Aceñero M Jesús 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The TNM classification is the main tool for lymph node (LN) staging in gastric cancer (GC). However, alternative LN staging systems have been proposed, and the role of features other than the number of metastatic LNs is being investigated. Our aim is to discuss the main challenges of LN assessment in GC.

Methods
Comprehensive review of the literature on alternative LN staging systems, examined LNs, sentinel LN (SLN) biopsy, LN micrometastases (LNMIs), extracapsular extension (ECE), and tumor deposits (TDs) in GC.

Results
Many controversies exist regarding LN assessment in GC. The TNM classification shows excellent prognostic performance, but alternative prognostic methods such as the LN ratio or log odds of positive LNs have demonstrated to be better than the TNM system in terms of prognostic accuracy. The value of SLN biopsy and LNMIs in GC is still unclear, and several challenges concerning their clinical impact and pathologic analysis must be overcome before their introduction in clinical practice. Most authors have identified ECE and TDs as independent prognostic factors for survival in GC.

Conclusions
Further studies should be performed to evaluate the impact of these features on the TNM classification and patient outcomes, as well as to standardize alternative LN staging systems.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors: Significant advancements in non–small cell lung cancer treatment
Authors: Glode Ashley E , May Megan B 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Purpose
This article explores the efficacy, toxicity, place in therapy, and considerations for use of recently approved immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Summary
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States and is responsible for more cancer-related deaths than breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer combined. The landscape for lung cancer treatment is evolving with the approval of new and exciting novel therapies. Within the last decade numerous ICIs have been approved for use in the management of the most common subtype of lung cancer, NSCLC. The ICI agents currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in NSCLC include ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, nivolumab, durvalumab, and atezolizumab. These agents are approved for specific indications; therefore, they are not interchangeable. This review focuses on the landmark trials that led to each FDA-approved indication, as well as common toxicities seen with use of these agents. It also discusses the use of ICIs in special populations and unique considerations prior to initiation of treatment with these novel therapies in a patient with NSCLC.

Conclusion
ICIs can provide a breakthrough treatment option for the management of NSCLC and are rapidly being adopted into clinical practice. It is important to be familiar with appropriate selection of an ICI therapy option for each patient based on approved indication, unique considerations, and anticipated toxicities.
Changes in the Psychological State of Medical Personnel in the Department of Radiotherapy at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in China during the Epidemic
Authors: Chen Fangjie , Zhan Wenming , Xu Hong’en , Wu Ying , Jia Yongshi , Liang Xiaodong , Chen Weijun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of the present study was to investigate changes in the psychological state of medical personnel in the Department of Radiotherapy during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Methods
Psychological state was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). All three questionnaires were first completed by medical personnel on 17–18 February 2020 and were repeated every 3 months thereafter until 17–18 August. The number and intentions of patients receiving radiotherapy (RT) in our department were also collected.

Results
Twenty medical personnel participated in the present study. The global PSQI score recorded in August was significantly lower than that recorded in February (P = 0.045). Among the seven components of the PSQI, sleep quality (P = 0.048) and daytime dysfunction (P = 0.006) in August were significantly improved compared with February, whereas SDS and SAS did not significantly differ among the three different time points. The proportion of patients who received palliative radiotherapy was significantly higher on 18 May than on 17 February (P = 0.005).

Conclusions
Medical personnel in the Department of Radiotherapy experienced a significantly elevated incidence of sleeping problems during the early COVID-19 outbreak period. Multiple combinations of protective measures to avoid infection could improve sleep quality and ensure the safe delivery of RT to cancer patients.
BigDataProcessor2: a free and open-source Fiji plugin for inspection and processing of TB sized image data
Authors: Tischer Christian , Ravindran Ashis , Reither Sabine , Chiaruttini Nicolas , Pepperkok Rainer , Norlin Nils 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Summary
Modern bioimaging and related areas such as sensor technology have undergone tremendous development over the last few years. As a result, contemporary imaging techniques, particularly electron microscopy (EM) and light sheet microscopy, can frequently generate datasets attaining sizes of several terabytes (TB). As a consequence, even seemingly simple data operations such as cropping, chromatic- and drift-corrections and even visualisation, poses challenges when applied to thousands of time points or tiles. To address this we developed BigDataProcessor2—a Fiji plugin facilitating processing workflows for TB sized image datasets.

Availability and implementation
BigDataProcessor2 is available as a Fiji plugin via the BigDataProcessor update site. The application is implemented in Java and the code is publicly available on GitHub (https://github.com/bigdataprocessor/bigdataprocessor2).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Safety and Tolerability of Fluoroquinolones in Patients with Staphylococcal Periprosthetic Joint Infections
Authors: Vollmer Nicholas J , Rivera Christina G , Stevens Ryan W , Oravec Caitlin P , Mara Kristin C , Suh Gina A , Osmon Douglas R , Beam Elena N , Abdel Matthew P , Virk Abinash 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are known to be accompanied by significant risks. However, the incidence of adverse events (ADEs) resulting in unplanned drug discontinuation when used for periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) is currently unknown.

Methods
This study included 156 patients over the age of 18 treated for staphylococcal PJI with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention between 1 January 2007 and 21 November 2019. Of the 156 patients, 64 had total hip arthroplasty (THA) and 92 had total knee arthroplasty (TKA) infections. The primary outcome was rate of unplanned drug discontinuation. Secondary outcomes included incidence of severe ADEs, unplanned rifamycin discontinuation, mean time to unplanned regimen discontinuation, and all-cause mortality.

Results
Overall, unplanned drug discontinuation occurred in 35.6% of patients in the FQ group and 3% of patients in the non-FQ group. The rate of unplanned discontinuation of FQ regimens as compared with non-FQ regimens was 27.5% vs 4.2% (P = .021) in THA infections and 42% vs 2.4% (P &lt; .001) in TKA infections. There was no significant difference in severe ADEs between FQ and non-FQ regimens in both THA and TKA infections. The overall rate of nonsevere ADEs in FQ compared with non-FQ regimens was 43.3% vs 6.1% (P &lt; .001). FQs were associated with tendinopathy, myalgia, arthralgia, and nausea.

Conclusions
A significantly higher rate of unplanned drug discontinuation was associated with FQ as compared with non-FQ regimens. This provides a real-world view of the implications of FQ-related ADEs on unplanned discontinuation when used in prolonged durations for the management of staphylococcal PJIs.
Super Glenn for staged biventricular repair: impact on left ventricular growth?
Authors: Marathe Supreet P , Piekarski Breanna , Beroukhim Rebecca S , Gauvreau Kimberlee , Baird Christopher W , Emani Sitaram M , del Nido Pedro J , Kaza Aditya K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The Super Glenn procedure involves targeted increased in blood flow to left sided heart structures with fenestrated atrial septation. The objective of this study was to examine the outcomes of patients who had this procedure as a part of biventricular staging and specifically evaluate the effect on dimensions of left heart structures.

Methods
Data for patients who had this procedure between 2005 and 2019 were retrospectively identified.

Results
Thirty-seven patients were identified. Most common diagnosis was hypoplastic left heart syndrome in 40% (n = 15). On echocardiography, the median mitral valve z score was −2.26. On cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, median indexed left ventricular end-diastolic volume was 31.5 ml/m2 and mitral/tricuspid inflow ratio was 0.35. The median age at Super Glenn was 2.3 years (interquartile range 1.5–3.6) while median weight was 12 kg (interquartile range 9.8–14). There were no early/hospital deaths. The median intensive care unit length of stay was 4 days, and median hospital length of stay was 10 days. Median follow-up for the entire cohort was 3 years (range 15 days to 13.2 years). There was a statistically significant increase in indexed left ventricular dimensions. There were 5 deaths (14%). Three patients (8%) underwent heart transplant. Freedom from death/transplant was 79% at 5 years. Seven patients (19%) needed a reoperation. Twenty-three patients (62%) underwent biventricular conversion after a median of 11.3 months after Super Glenn.

Conclusions
The Super Glenn procedure achieves consistent increase in left ventricular dimensions. This may be a useful strategy to help achieve a successful biventricular circulation in patients with borderline left ventricle. The superiority/non-inferiority of this approach over the conventional Fontan pathway is unclear.
Comprehensive assessment of frailty score supplements the existing cardiac surgical risk scores
Authors: Bäck Caroline , Hornum Mads , Jørgensen Morten Buus , Lorenzen Ulver Spangsberg , Olsen Peter Skov , Møller Christian H. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The commonly used cardiac surgery risk scores, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II and Society of Thoracic Surgeons score, are inaccurate in predicting mortality in the ageing patient population and do not include the biological age. This requests a need for a new risk score incorporating frailty. The aim of this study was to compare the prediction of mortality and the additive effect of comprehensive assessment of frailty score and the shortened version, frailty predicts death one year after elective cardiac surgery test on the existing risk scores.

METHODS
Six hundred four patients undergoing cardiac surgery and aged ≥65 years were included in this prospective observational study. These frailty scores are based on minor physical tests. We compared these frailty score predictions of mortality and their added value to the existing risk scores evaluated by concordance-statistics (C-statistics), integrated discrimination improvement and net reclassification improvement.

RESULTS
The median age was 73 years (21% female). C-statistics showed that comprehensive assessment of frailty score with a value of 0.69, frailty predicts death one year after elective cardiac surgery test 0.68, Society of Thoracic Surgeons score 0.70 and European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation 0.64. Frailty assessment, added to the existing risk scores, significantly improved integrated discrimination improvement up to 0.05, and net reclassification improvement up to 0.04. Frailty assessment also increased the C-statistics, but this did not reach statistical significance.

CONCLUSIONS
Frailty scores are as good as the existing risk scores for the prediction of mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Added to the existing scores, frailty assessment improves the C-statistics and integrated discrimination improvement over time.

Clinical trials registration number
NCT02992587
MicroMundo@UPorto: an experimental microbiology project fostering student's antimicrobial resistance awareness and personal and social development
Authors: Antunes Patrícia , Novais Carla , Novais Ângela , Grosso Filipa , Ribeiro Teresa G , Mourão Joana , Perovic Svetlana Ugarcina , Rebelo Andreia , Ksiezarek Magdalena , Freitas Ana R , Peixe Luísa 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global societal challenge requiring the contribution of professionals along with general community citizens for their containment. Portugal is one of the European countries where a lack of knowledge on the correct use of antimicrobials and AMR problematic is preeminent. Moreover, youth demotivation to pursue science careers is emerging. To address these problems an innovative experimental service-learning pedagogical strategy, MicroMundo@UPorto, was implemented in Portugal during 2018 through University of Porto as a partner of the global Citizen Science project ‘Tiny Earth’ responding to the AMR crisis. In this first edition of MicroMundo@UPorto, university students (n = 41; Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nutrition Sciences) organized in eight teams tutored by university professors/researchers (n = 13) on Microbiology and AMR theoretical and practical aspects as well on communication skills to enable their guidance of younger school students (n = 140/3 schools) in experiments to discover antimicrobial-producing microorganisms while exploring the soil microbial diversity. Post-survey-based evaluation revealed that this project allowed university students to acquire diverse personal, social and scientific skills while increasing AMR awareness, in the One-Health perspective, and interest for science in school students. This University to Society approach can be successfully extended across Portugal and for education in Microbiology in general, with benefits for the future generations contributing to socially responsible and scientifically-literate citizens.
Yarrowia lipolytica: a multitalented yeast species of ecological significance
Authors: Mamaev Dmitry , Zvyagilskaya Renata 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Yarrowia lipolytica is characterized by GRAS (Generally regarded as safe) status, the versatile substrate utilization profile, rapid utilization rates, metabolic diversity and flexibility, the unique abilities to tolerate to extreme environments (acidic, alkaline, hypersaline, heavy metal-pollutions and others) and elevated biosynthesis and secreting capacities. These advantages of Y. lipolytica allow us to consider it as having great ecological significance. Unfortunately, there is still a paucity of relevant review data. This mini-review highlights ecological ubiquity of Y. lipolytica species, their ability to diversify and colonize specialized niches. Different Y. lipolytica strains, native and engineered, are beneficial in degrading many environmental pollutants causing serious ecological problems worldwide. In agriculture has a potential to be a bio-control agent by stimulating plant defense response, and an eco-friendly bio-fertilizer. Engineered strains of Y. lipolytica have become a very promising platform for eco-friendly production of biofuel, commodities, chemicals and secondary metabolites of plant origin, obtaining which by other method were limited or economically infeasible, or were accompanied by stringent environmental problems. Perspectives to use potential of Y. lipolytica’s capacities for industrial scale production of valuable compounds in an eco-friendly manner are proposed.