bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symptoms of depression are associated with reduced leisure-time physical activity in adult individuals with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Ahola Aila J. , Tikkanen-Dolenc Heidi , Forsblom Carol , Harjutsalo Valma , Groop Per-Henrik ,   on behalf of the FinnDiane Study Group
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Aims
Here, we investigated the association between depressive symptoms and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) in type 1 diabetes.

Methods
Data from adult individuals with type 1 diabetes without evidence of diabetic kidney disease or macrovascular complications, participating in the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study, were included. Based on a questionnaire, weekly LTPA as metabolic equivalent of task hour was calculated. Activity levels (inactive, moderately active, active), weekly frequencies (< 1, 1–2, > 2), intensities (low, moderate, high), and single session durations (< 30, 31–60, > 60 min) were assessed. Depressive symptomatology was evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). We calculated a continuous BDI score and divided participants into those with (BDI score ≥ 16) and without (BDI score < 16) symptoms of depression. For sensitivity analyses, we additionally defined symptoms of depression with antidepressant agent purchases within a year from the study visit.

Results
Of the 1339 participants (41.7% men, median age 41 years), 150 (11.2%) reported symptoms of depression. After adjustments, both higher BDI scores and depressive symptomatology were associated with more inactive lifestyle, and lower frequency and intensity of the LTPA. The BDI score was additionally associated with shorter single session duration. For antidepressant purchases, lower odds were observed in those with higher intensity and longer single session duration of LTPA.

Conclusions
Depressive mood is harmfully related to LTPA in type 1 diabetes. In order to improve the long-term health of individuals with type 1 diabetes, efforts to increase both mental well-being and physical activity should be taken.
VerifyThis 2019: a program verification competition
Authors: Dross Claire , Furia Carlo A , Huisman Marieke , Monahan Rosemary , Müller Peter 
Published: May 2021

AbstractVerifyThis is a series of program verification competitions that emphasize the human aspect: participants tackle the verification of detailed behavioral properties—something that lies beyond the capabilities of fully automatic verification and requires instead human expertise to suitably encode programs, specifications, and invariants. This paper describes the 8th edition of VerifyThis, which took place at ETAPS 2019 in Prague. Thirteen teams entered the competition, which consisted of three verification challenges and spanned 2 days of work. This report analyzes how the participating teams fared on these challenges, reflects on what makes a verification challenge more or less suitable for the typical VerifyThis participants, and outlines the difficulties of comparing the work of teams using wildly different verification approaches in a competition focused on the human aspect.
High-cell-density fed-batch cultivations of Vibrio natriegens
Authors: Thiele Isabel , Gutschmann Björn , Aulich Linus , Girard Marcel , Neubauer Peter , Riedel Sebastian L. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objectives
With generation times of less than 10 min under optimal conditions, the halophilic Vibrio natriegens is the fastest growing non-pathogenic bacterium isolated so far. The availability of the full genome and genetic engineering tools and its ability to utilize a wide range of carbon sources make V. natriegens an attractive host for biotechnological production processes. However, high-cell-density cultivations, which are desired at industrial-scale have not been described so far.

Results
In this study we report fed-batch cultivations of V. natriegens in deep-well plates and lab-scale bioreactor cultivations at different temperatures in mineral salt medium (MSM). Upon switching from exponential glucose to constant glucose-feeding cell death was induced. Initial NaCl concentrations of 15–18 g L−1 and a temperature reduction from 37 to 30 °C had a positive effect on cell growth. The maximal growth rate in MSM with glucose was 1.36 h−1 with a specific oxygen uptake rate of 22 mmol gCDW−1 h−1. High biomass yields of up to 55 g L−1 after only 12 h were reached.

Conclusions
The shown fed-batch strategies demonstrate the potential of V. natriegens as a strong producer in industrial biotechnology.
Screen-printing of microfibrillated cellulose for an improved moisture management, strength and abrasion resistant properties of flame-resistant fabrics
Authors: Kokol Vanja , Vivod Vera , Peršin Zdenka , Kamppuri Taina , Dobnik-Dubrovski Polona 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLow moisture absorbency of hydrophobically coated flame-resistant (FR) fabrics do not correlate well with the thermophysiological comfort. In this frame, we were the first to study the effect of screen-printed microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) on fabric’s breathability and moisture build-up and transfer as user-friendly and wear-related comfortable coating. The amount of MFC applied and its patterning was varied using different printing parameters, the density and thickness of FR fabric, and studied by add-on measurement and microscopic imaging. The effect of MFC coating and its durability (attachment) after a post-printing of hydrophobic polyacrylate on the same (layer-by-layer) or other side of the fabrics was considered, thus to maintain one side of the fabric (facing towards the wearer) hydrophilic while keeping the other side (facing outward) hydrophobic. The results showed that MFC provides uniform and repeatable printing, which gave homogeneous patterning with good layering on the fabrics, although, resulting in the MFC concentration, squeegee’ pressure, and fabric’ structure dependent add-on, its imprinting and co-crosslinking within the polyacrylate. This slightly reduced the fabric air-permeability, but increased it surfaces wetting, moisture uptake kinetic and capacity (hydroscopicity), without affecting the water vapour transfer. Besides, the polyacrylate could fix the MFC pre-printed on the other side of the fabric, thus maintaining its hydrophilicity, being more pronounced in the case of less open and thicker fabric, while improving its tensile/tear strengths and abrasion resistance, without deterioration of the fabric`s flammability.
Attributable human-induced changes in the magnitude of flooding in the Houston, Texas region during Hurricane Harvey
Authors: Wehner Michael , Sampson Christopher 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe human influence on precipitation during tropical cyclones due to the global warming is now well documented in the literature. Several studies have found increases in Hurricane Harvey’s total precipitation over the Greater Houston area ranging from the Clausius-Clapeyron limit of 7% to as much as 38% locally. Here we use a hydraulic model to translate these attribution statements about precipitation to statements about the resultant flooding and associated damages. We find that while the attributable increase in the total volume of flood waters is the same as the attributable increase in precipitation, the attributable increase in the total area of the flood is less. However, we also find that in the most heavily flooded parts of Houston, the local attributable increases in flood area and volume are substantially larger than the increase in total precipitation. The results of this storyline attribution analysis of the Houston flood area are used to make an intuitive best estimate of the cost of Hurricane Harvey attributable to anthropogenic global warming as thirteen billion US dollars.
Creating Community and Engaging Community: The Foundations of the Estate Little Princess Archaeology Project in St. Croix, United States Virgin Islands
Authors: Flewellen Ayana Omilade , Odewale Alicia , Dunnavant Justin , Jones Alexandra , White William 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article discusses how Co-Principal Investigators that designed and executed the Estate Little Princess Archaeology Project (ELPAP) came together as a community, to demonstrate how such a formation within the discipline, with all its ups and downs, facilitates the skills needed to conduct community archaeology. By using the ELPAP as a case study, this article provides a multiscale examination of the ELPAP, expanding the discourse on community archaeology to include community building practices among archaeologists, between organizations, and with communities impacted by archaeological work.
Does hemispheric vascular regulation differ significantly in glaucoma patients with altitudinal visual field asymmetry? A single-center, prospective study
Authors: Kuerten David , Kotliar Konstantin , Fuest Matthias , Walter Peter , Hollstein Muriel , Plange Niklas 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Vascular risk factors and ocular perfusion are heatedly discussed in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. The retinal vessel analyzer (RVA, IMEDOS Systems, Germany) allows noninvasive measurement of retinal vessel regulation. Significant differences especially in the veins between healthy subjects and patients suffering from glaucoma were previously reported. In this pilot-study we investigated if localized vascular regulation is altered in glaucoma patients with altitudinal visual field defect asymmetry.

Methods
15 eyes of 12 glaucoma patients with advanced altitudinal visual field defect asymmetry were included. The mean defect was calculated for each hemisphere separately (−20.99 ± 10.49 profound hemispheric visual field defect vs −7.36 ± 3.97 dB less profound hemisphere). After pupil dilation, RVA measurements of retinal arteries and veins were conducted using the standard protocol. The superior and inferior retinal vessel reactivity were measured consecutively in each eye.

Results
Significant differences were recorded in venous vessel constriction after flicker light stimulation and overall amplitude of the reaction (p < 0.04 and p < 0.02 respectively) in-between the hemispheres. Vessel reaction was higher in the hemisphere corresponding to the more advanced visual field defect. Arterial diameters reacted similarly, failing to reach statistical significance.

Conclusion
Localized retinal vessel regulation is significantly altered in glaucoma patients with asymmetric altitudinal visual field defects. Veins supplying the hemisphere concordant to a less profound visual field defect show diminished diameter changes. Vascular dysregulation might be particularly important in early glaucoma stages prior to a significant visual field defect.
Integrating climate change adaptation in coastal governance of the Barcelona metropolitan area
Authors: Sauer Inga J. , Roca Elisabet , Villares Míriam 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCoastal cities are exposed to high risks due to climate change, as they are potentially affected by both rising sea levels and increasingly intense and frequent coastal storms. Socio-economic drivers also increase exposure to natural hazards, accelerate environmental degradation, and require adaptive governance structures to moderate negative impacts. Here, we use a social network analysis (SNA) combined with further qualitative information to identify barriers and enablers of adaptive governance in the Barcelona metropolitan area. By analyzing how climate change adaptation is mainstreamed between different administrative scales as well as different societal actors, we can determine the governance structures and external conditions that hamper or foster strategical adaptation plans from being used as operational adaptation tools. We identify a diverse set of stakeholders acting at different administrative levels (local to national), in public administration, science, civil society, and the tourism economy. The metropolitan administration acts as an important bridging organization by promoting climate change adaptation to different interest groups and by passing knowledge between actors. Nonetheless, national adaptation planning fails to take into account local experiences in coastal protection, which leads to an ineffective science policy interaction and limits adaptive management and learning opportunities. Overcoming this is difficult, however, as the effectiveness of local adaptation strategies in the Barcelona metropolitan area is very limited due to a strong centralization of power at the national level and a lack of polycentricity. Due to the high touristic pressure, the legal framework is currently oriented to primarily meet the demands of recreational use and tourism, prioritizing these aspects in daily management practice. Therefore, touristic and economic activities need to be aligned to adaptation efforts, to convert them from barriers into drivers for adaptation action. Our work strongly suggests that more effectively embedding adaptation planning and action into existing legal structures of coastal management would allow strategic adaptation plans to be an effective operational tool for local coastal governance.
Endless elastic beam travelling on a moving rough surface with zones of stick and sliding
Authors: Vetyukov Yury 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe study the planar deformation of a beam that travels across a given control domain supported by a moving rough plane, which is a prototype for various technological processes. A sufficiently small misalignment between the guideways at the ends of the domain results in a stationary regime of motion, which features a zone of sticking contact near the entry to the control domain, followed by infinitely many segments of transverse sliding with alternating directions. Self-similarity of this solution of an essentially nonlinear boundary value problem is the primary novel result of the present contribution. Closed-form analytic results are validated against a finite element simulation of the transient evolution process, which demonstrates stability of the obtained solution and provides insights regarding the characteristic time scales of establishing of subsequent zones of sliding.
The Characterisation of Hydrogen on Nickel and Cobalt Catalysts
Authors: Davidson Alisha L. , Lennon David , Webb Paul B. , Albers Peter W. , Berweiler Monika , Poss René , Roos Meike , Reinsdorf Arne , Wolf Dorit , Parker Stewart F. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe have investigated a series of supported and unsupported nickel and cobalt catalysts, principally using neutron vibrational spectroscopy (inelastic neutron scattering, INS). For an alumina supported Ni catalyst we are able to detect hydrogen on the metal for the first time, all previous work has used Raney Ni. For an unsupported Ni foam catalyst, which has similar behaviour to Raney Ni but with a much lower density, the spectra show that there are approximately equal numbers of (100) and (111) sites, in contrast to Raney Ni that shows largely (111) sites. The observation of hydrogen on cobalt catalysts proved to be extremely challenging. In order to generate a cobalt metal surface, reduction in hydrogen at 250–300 °C is required. Lower temperatures result in a largely hydroxylated surface. The spectra show that on Raney Co (and probably also on a Co foam catalyst), hydrogen occupies a threefold hollow site, similar to that found on Co($$10\bar{1}0$$101¯0). The reduced surface is highly reactive: transfers between cells in a high quality glovebox were sufficient to re-hydroxylate the surface.
Modeling the effects of fracture infill on frequency-dependent anisotropy and AVO response of a fractured porous layer
Authors: He Yan-Xiao , Li Xin-Long , Tang Gen-Yang , Dong Chun-Hui , Chen Mo , Wang Shang-Xu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn a fractured porous hydrocarbon reservoir, wave velocities and reflections depend on frequency and incident angle. A proper description of the frequency dependence of amplitude variations with offset (AVO) signatures should allow effects of fracture infills and attenuation and dispersion of fractured media. The novelty of this study lies in the introduction of an improved approach for the investigation of incident-angle and frequency variations-associated reflection responses. The improved AVO modeling method, using a frequency-domain propagator matrix method, is feasible to accurately consider velocity dispersion predicted from frequency-dependent elasticities from a rock physics modeling. And hence, the method is suitable for use in the case of an anisotropic medium with aligned fractures. Additionally, the proposed modeling approach allows the combined contributions of layer thickness, interbedded structure, impedance contrast and interferences to frequency-dependent reflection coefficients and, hence, yielding seismograms of a layered model with a dispersive and attenuative reservoir. Our numerical results show bulk modulus of fracture fluid significantly affects anisotropic attenuation, hence causing frequency-dependent reflection abnormalities. These implications indicate the study of amplitude versus angle and frequency (AVAF) variations provides insights for better interpretation of reflection anomalies and hydrocarbon identification in a layered reservoir with vertical transverse isotropy (VTI) dispersive media.
Die außen- und sicherheitspolitischen Positionen der SPD: Sozialdemokratische Außenpolitik ist multilaterale Außenpolitik
Authors: Heinrich Gabriela 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungDie internationale Ordnung ist in den vergangenen Jahren zunehmend volatil geworden. Bereits vorliegende Trends – Populismus, Angriffe auf die multilaterale Ordnung, Digitalisierung und Automatisierung, die Klimakrise – haben sich teils dramatisch verschärft. In dieser zunehmend unsteten Welt ist ein souveränes Europa mehr denn je Dreh- und Angelpunkt der Rolle Deutschlands in der Welt. In diesem Rahmen können wir den Multilateralismus stärken, die transatlantische Partnerschaft weiterentwickeln und neuen Herausforderungen (digitale Souveränität, aufstrebende Mächte) begegnen.
Experiences and perspectives of self‐compassion from young adult children of parents with mental illness
Authors: Dunkley‐Smith Addy J. , Reupert Andrea E. , Ling Mathew , Sheen Jade A. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn adolescents and young adults, self‐compassion has been positively associated with wellbeing and negatively associated with psychological distress. One population of youth who may draw particular benefit from self‐compassion are those who have parents with mental illness. This qualitative study explored the perspectives and experiences of self‐compassion among a group of young adult children of parents with mental illness.MethodsA purposive sample of ten Australian emerging adults aged 18–25 years (3 men, 6 women and 1 non‐binary person) participated in individual semi‐structured telephone interviews. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to examine and interpret participants’ experiences and perspectives of self‐compassion.ResultsParticipants described self‐compassion as personally relevant and beneficial, although difficult to engage in. Some participants had learnt about, and actively practiced self‐compassion, and offered advice for others. Conversely, others described self‐compassion as difficult to practice and outlined barriers to self‐compassion, from society and family life. Although participants identified common negative social conceptions of self‐compassion, they articulated how self‐compassion could be valuable for those who have parents with mental illness.ConclusionsResults indicate the perceived importance of self‐compassion along with barriers and facilitators of self‐compassion for young adults who have parents with a mental illness. Implications for clinical practice and suggestions for future research are presented.
Improving cognitive functions in adolescents with learning difficulties: A feasibility study on the potential use of telerehabilitation during Covid‐19 pandemic in Italy
Authors: Maggio Maria Grazia , Foti Cuzzola Marilena , Calatozzo Patrizia , Marchese Domenicaroberta , Andaloro Adriana , Calabrò Rocco Salvatore 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTIntroduction. Learning disabilities are due to genetic and/or neurobiological factors that alter brain functioning by affecting one or more cognitive processes related to learning. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of cognitive telerehabilitation in adolescents with learning disabilities to overcome the treatment problems related to the COVID‐19 pandemic lockdown. Methods. Twenty‐four patients diagnosed with Unspecified Learning Disability (mean ± SD age: 18.2 ± 2.9 years; 50% male) were enrolled in this study. The patients were assessed by a neuropsychological evaluation at the beginning and at the end of the program. All patients received cognitive treatment via a specific telehealth app to stimulate the cognitive skills related to learning. The treatment lasted four weeks, with a daily training (lasting up to 60 min), for five days a week. Results. Our young patients reported a statistically significant improvement in the main cognitive domains that are usually compromised in learning disabilities, including sustained and selective attention, shifting of attention, control of interference, memory and speed of information processing. Moreover, the patients showed a good usability and motivation during the training. Conclusions. Our study has shown that telerehabilitation could be a valid tool for the rehabilitation of specific cognitive skills in adolescents with learning difficulties.