bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estado cognitivo y estrategias de compensación de memoria en personas adultas mayores
Authors: Domínguez Chávez Claudia Jennifer 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Explorar la relación entre el estado cognitivo y las estrategias de compensación de memoria en personas adultas mayores que asisten a un centro de actividades diarias.
Materiales y métodos: Se empleó un diseño descriptivo, correlacional e inferencia en 110 adultos mayores asistentes a un centro público de actividades recreativas. Se aplicó una cédula de datos personales, la Evaluación Cognitiva de Montreal y el Cuestionario de Estrategias de Compensación de Memoria. La investigación se realizó bajo la reglamentación vigente en México para la investigación en materia de salud.
Resultados: El 54.5% de los participantes presentaron un estado cognitivo adecuado, 29.1% obtuvieron puntajes indicativos de probable demencia y 16.4% de deterioro cognitivo leve. La estrategia de compensación más empleada fue la del tiempo, seguido de las estrategias externa, esfuerzo, interna y confianza. El estado cognitivo se relacionó con las estrategias de confianza (p= .002) y esfuerzo (p= .013). El grupo con deterioro cognitivo leve uso mayormente la estrategia tiempo (p= .026) en comparación con los otros dos grupos. En cambio, el grupo de probable demencia, empleo mayormente la estrategia confianza (p= .013).
Conclusiones: Ante el declive cognitivo mayor será la necesidad de apoyarse en otra persona, así como el esfuerzo que realicen para recordar información. Además, las personas adultas mayores con deterioro cognitivo leve emplean más tiempo para lograr recordar, mientras que aquellas con probable demencia compensan el declive apoyándose en otra persona para recordar. Este conocimiento podría apoyar en un futuro el desarrollo de intervenciones centradas en compensar el daño cognitivo y con ello favorecer a retrasar el declive cognitivo.
Idiossincrasias do sistema sesmarial no semiárido nordestino: visões, (di)visões e conformações da estrutura agrária e social
Authors: Maia Kaliane Freitas , Gomes Ramonildes Alves , Nunes Aldo Manoel Branquinho 
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar narrativas que remetem ao povoamento e ocupação dos Sertões Nordestinos, utilizando evidências empíricas para problematizar um quadro teórico-metodológico tornado clássico na teoria social brasileira. Assumindo uma posição crítica em relação às visões que tomaram o “mito sesmarial pecuarista” como fundamento explicativo para as desigualdades sociais e a concentração de terras no Nordeste, construímos novas hipóteses e evidências amparadas na pesquisa empírica e documental, apoiadas em fontes como cartas de sesmarias, inventários post mortem dos proprietários de terras e história oral, tendo como recorte empírico a microrregião da Serra do Teixeira, no estado da Paraíba, a partir da qual se constata a presença de outros grupos, que, já no século XVIII, imprimiram formas diversas de ocupação da terra e de povoamento.
Genicular Artery Embolization for the Treatment of Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Padia Siddharth A. , Genshaft Scott , Blumstein Gideon , Plotnik Adam , Kim Grace Hyun J. , Gilbert Stephanie J. , Lauko Kara , Stavrakis Alexandra I. 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Genicular artery embolization (GAE) is a novel therapy to treat patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) by reducing synovial arterial hypervascularity. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of GAE for the treatment of symptomatic knee OA.

Methods:
A prospective, single-center, open-label U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved investigational device exemption study was conducted. Patients enrolled in the study were 40 to 80 years old, with moderate or severe knee OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2, 3, or 4), who previously had failure of conservative therapy. Baseline pain (visual analog scale [VAS]) and symptom scores (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC]) were assessed. After femoral arterial access was achieved, GAE of 1, 2, or 3 genicular arteries supplying the location of the subject’s pain, as determined by digital subtraction angiography and cone-beam computed tomography, was performed using 100-μm particles. Adverse events and symptoms scores were assessed at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after GAE.

Results:
Over a 10-month period, 40 subjects were enrolled. The median age was 69 years (range, 49 to 80 years). The median body mass index was 29 kg/m2 (range, 19 to 44 kg/m2). Knee OA severity was grade 2 in 18% of the patients, grade 3 in 43%, and grade 4 in 40%. Technical success was achieved in 100% of the subjects. Transient skin discoloration and transient mild knee pain after the procedure were common and expected. Treatment-related adverse events included a groin hematoma requiring overnight observation in 1 subject, self-resolving focal skin ulceration in 7 subjects, and an asymptomatic small bone infarct on magnetic resonance imaging at 3 months in 2 subjects. The WOMAC total and VAS pain scores decreased by 61% and 67% at 12 months from a median baseline of 52 (of 96) and 8 (of 10), respectively. Twenty-seven patients (68%) had a reduction of ≥50% in both WOMAC total and VAS pain scores.

Conclusions:
This prospective trial demonstrates that GAE is effective and durable in reducing pain symptoms from moderate or severe knee OA that is refractory to other conservative therapy, with an acceptable safety profile.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Synthesis Luminescent Plasmonic Silver Nanoparticles and The Chemical Affinity towards sulphur atom in Sulphide and Thiourea molecules: Ab-Initio DFT Study
Authors: Bakir Esam , Karnati Ranjith Kumar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Three different luminescent silver nanoparticles(AgNPs) were synthesized by simple reduction method with the different mole ratios of L-ascorbic/citrate solution and stabilized with CTAB. The prepared three AgNPs were characterized by UV, fluorescence, FTIR, dynamic light scattering measurements and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The plasmon bands of AgNPs- reddish-brown (RB), green (G) and reddish-green (RG) were centered at 565, 587 and 592 nm, respectively. The highly luminescence emission was observed for AgNPs(G). The size diameters of the prepared AgNPs-G, RG and (RB) were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) method at 24.3 nm, 66.28 nm and 103.46 nm, respectively. The electrochemical properties of AgNPs-RG was recorded the oxidative part of AgNPs into Ag+ at +0.23 V and the reduction part of Ag+ into Ag0 was recorded at -0.49 V vs. Ag/AgCl). Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was stabilized AgNPs(RG) which recorded in infrared and scanning electron microscope measurements. The concentration of thiourea, sodium sulphide was detected by the electrochemical sensitivity of AgNPs(RG)-CTAB. A calibration curve between electrochemical sensitivity of AgNPs-CTAB vs concentration of sulphur molecule. The limit of detection (LOD) was founded 2.10 and 1.90 µmole L-1 of sodium sulphide and thiourea, respectively (R2=0.94, n=3). The computational calculations are used to illustrated the chemical affinity of sulphur atom in sodium sulphide or thiourea towards AgNPs(RG).
Determinants of low birth weight in dire-dawa city public health facility eastern Ethiopia -unmatched case-control study
Authors: Badal Mustaf Mahdi , Ibrahim Muse Obsiye , Abdiwahab Abdi Yusuf , sh/bashir Abdi , Askar Abdifatah Mahamed , Guled Rashid Abdi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background:-Low Birth Weight (LBW) is one of the leading public health problems in developing countries including Ethiopia. Worldwide, more than 20 million infants born low birth weight every year. Of which about 13% to 15% occur in Sub-Saharan Africa. Thus, knowing clear picture of the risk factors of LBW in the study area is essential. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify determinants of LBW in all public health facilities in dire dawa city administration eastern Ethiopia.Methods: Unmatched case-control study was employed from 1 June to 1 august the data were collected using structured and pretested interviewer administered questionnaire in all public health facilities in study areas. Consecutive sampling technique was used to select cases and controls respectively. Data were entered in to Epi-data software in version 3:1 and exported to SPSS version 23. Variables having with P-value <0.25 in the binary logistic regression were entered in to multivariate logistic regression model. Statistical significance was considered at P.value <0.05. Results: -A total of 292 mothers with their respective newborns (73 cases and 219 controls) were included the study, mothers not having nutritional counseling (AOR= 3.13, 1.59--6.16),not consuming additional meal (AOR=2.37, 1.26--4.44),not having iron supplementation (AOR=2.21, 1.14--4.29),mothers being anemic (AOR=3.51, 1.64--7.53),and undernourished mothers (AOR=4.83, 2.49--9.38) were significantly associated with the low birth weight in this study.Conclusion: Poor nutrition related activities interims of nutritional counseling, iron supplementation, maternal feeding especially during pregnancy and others were the main problems identified in this study. Therefore, Government and non-governmental NGOs would work together to reduce LBW by establishing appropriate intervention, awareness creation and behaviors change communication (BCC) and development of effective strategy and policy to improve maternal nutritional status and prevent maternal anemia are curtail. In addition, a large scale studies with strong study design like cohort and experimental needs to be conducted.
The Application of Augmented Reality in Craniofacial Bone Fracture Reduction: Study Protocol For a Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Lin Li , Liu Xiangqi , Gao Yuan , Aung Zin Mar , Xu Haisong , Wang Bingshun , Xie Le , Yang Xianxian , Chai Gang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Augmented reality (AR) is a new technology that increases users’ perception of the real world. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of augmented reality navigation system in treatment with craniofacial fracture reduction.Methods: This will be a single-center prospective randomized controlled trial. Twenty-two patients will be assigned to two groups of 11 and those with zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures will undergo preoperative three-dimensional CT modeling and have operational plans designed. The control team will use traditional optical navigation to perform the surgery and the experimental team will use an AR navigation system. The primary outcome measures will be the accuracy of the key points of surgical area between the preoperational surgical plan and post-operation. The secondary outcome measures will be the blood loss, operation time, bone reduction time, hospital time and complication rate. The findings obtained through this study are expected to evaluate efficacy and safety of the augmented reality navigation system in the treatment of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures.Discussion: This controlled trial of augmented reality navigation system in treatment with zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture reduction is expected to clarify the efficacy and safety of this technology by measuring the accuracy of the key points of surgical area and blood loss, operation and bone reduction times, hospital stay duration and complication rates. This is a single-center study, and the results are expected to promote the application of augmented reality in craniofacial fracture reduction to improve surgery accuracy and efficacy.Trial registration: Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: No. ChiCTR1900022626. Registered on April 19, 2019.
BMSC-derived Exosomes Protect Against Delayed Encephalopathy after Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in Rats via Blockade of Notch Signaling
Authors: Yan Xiang , Fu Meng , Gao Ye , Han Qin , Li Shuang , Xia Huan , Li Jinglun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: Our aim was to probe the therapeutic effect by which (BMSC-ex) protect against (DEACMP) in rat models in vivo. Methods: BMSC-ex were successfully characterized and proven to pass the blood brain barrier and migrate to the injured brain area. Rats were randomly divided into six groups and the cognitive function of mice was evaluated by the morris water maze. The severity of pathological changes was evaluated by HE staining and LFB staining. The expression of cytokines was detected by ELISA. Immunohistochemical staining and western blot analysis were utilized to detect the protein expression of Foxp3、CD4、MBP、Notch1 and Hess1 in brain tissue.Results: We found that BMSC-ex significantly reduced inflammation, increased the levels of (Tregs), relieved demyelination, and ameliorated the cognitive impairment in DEACMP rats. Furthermore, inhibiting the Notch pathway led to a partial reversal of the effect of BMSC-ex in mice.Conclusions: BMSC-ex relieved the severity of demyelination in the DEACMP rat models by regulating Tregs subsets and the expression of Notch signaling. Hence BMSC-ex play a protected role in DEACMP by upregulating Tregs and the regulatory components of Notch signaling and this may provide a new clinical strategy for the treatment of DEACMP patients.
Evidence of Renewable Energy Use and Mitigation of Carbon Footprint for Selected Developing and Developed Nations
Authors: Rai Pratibha , Gupta Priya , Saini Neha 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The focus of this paper is to investigate whether carbon footprints are reduced due to renewable energy use in fuelling the business and commercial interests of the nation’s right from trade, production, consumption in the presence of foreign direct investment (FDI). The quantification of the relationship is carried out for three developed nations and five developing nations. Error Correction Model (ECM) using Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) methodology is used to assess short-term and long-term country-wise parameters for the chosen variables in sample countries from 1990 to 2017. The findings demonstrate the persuasive evidence that green energy use is the sustainable path of development. The cointegrated relationship amongst the variables for the long run is validated for all eight individual countries included in the study. High-economic growth and non-renewable energy use are recognized as the major sources of environmental degradation across the country analysis. However, the panel data series of eight countries did not support the analysis in the ARDL framework, hence the Random effect model and Granger Causality technique is used to quantify the magnitude and direction of association that exists between carbon emissions, renewable energy in the presence of other macroeconomic variables including square of GDP per capita (included to test EKC behaviour) respectively. In the presence of renewable energy resource as an influencer of carbon emissions, the overemphasized EKC hypothesis, however, is not supported in the panel data analysis and in country wise analysis.
Correlation Analyses between Downward Longwave Radiation Particulate Matters, Aerosol Optical Depth, and Metrological Variables Under Non-Dusty and Cloudless Conditions
Authors: maghrabi abdullrahman , Alharbi Badr , Alharbi Hamoud , Aldosari Abdulah 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study used downward (LW) radiation measurements, air temperature (T), particulate matter (PM) concentrations of fine (PM 2.5) and coarse (PM10) particles, aerosol optical depth (AOD), wind speed, and precipitable water vapor (PWV) data from Riyadh, an arid site in central Saudi Arabia, between 2014–2019 to characterize their variations and investigate the influence of these variables on the measured downward LW radiation under non-dusty, clear sky conditions. The LW radiation and air temperature, it was found, attain their maximum in summer and minimum in winter. Conversely, the PM mean concentrations and AOD showed their maximum in spring and minimum in winter. PWV features an increasing trend during spring, summer, and fall, whereas it features a decreasing trend during the winter. The monthly variation of WS shows low monthly values during fall and winter and considerably higher monthly mean variation during spring and summer. Apart from wind speed, which doesn’t affect the LW radiation, correlation analyses demonstrated that the LW correlates positively with the remainder of the considered variables. The strength and degree of association between the LW radiation and these variables differ from one variable to another, with air temperature having the strongest correlation (correlation coefficient = 0.98) with the LW radiation, followed by the AOD (correlation coefficient = 0.69), with a correlation coefficient of 0.36 with the PWV. Similarly, the relationships between the LW radiation and both PM10 and PM2.5 had the same correlation coefficient of 0.32. The effect of the meteorological variables (mainly air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed) on the PM concentrations were investigated using the regression analyses. The results showed a significant positive relationship with air temperature and wind speed and a negative relationship with RH.
Acacia Jacquemontii Ethyl Acetate Extract Downregulated the Hyperglycemia Through Its Modulatory Effects On Endogenous Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory And Pancreatic β- Cell Regenerative Status in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats.
Authors: Awan Ambreen Mehmood , Majeed Wafa , Muhammad Faqir , Faisal Muhammad Naeem 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is among the world’s greatest health hazards. Acacia jacquemontii possess numerous traditional therapeutic uses. This study investigated the role of Acacia jacquemontii ethyl acetate extract (AJEAE) in alloxan induced diabetes in rat model. Current study was performed in two parts, in-vitro, through characterization (HPLC), estimation of TFC, TPC, antioxidant (DPPH assay) and α-amylase inhibitory activities of the studied extract, and in vivo on wistar rats in which animals were divided into five groups NC, DC, GL, AJEAE 250mg/kg and AJEAE 500mg/kg. The effects of AJEAE on FBG, serum glucose, insulin, HBA1c, lipid profile, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-alpha) and oxidative stress markers (LPO, NO, SOD, CAT, GPx) were evaluated. Our findings confirmed the presence of quercitin, kaempferol, gallic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, M-coumaric acid, sinapic acid, chlorogenic acid, cinamic acid and ferulic acid in AJEAE. TFC and TPC in AJEAE were 83.83 mg GAE/g and 77.06 mg QE/g respectively. Significant inhibition of DPPH and α-amylase activities was exhibited by AJEAE. Alloxan injected rats showed marked hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia and increased inflammatory markers levels as compared to normal control. Additionally raised levels of TG, TC, VLDL, LDL, LPO, NO and decreased levels of SOD, CAT and GPx were observed in diabetic rats. AJEAE significantly (p< 0.05) improved the aforementioned parameters and the protective efficacy was comparable to glibenclamide. Histopathological findings also evidenced the anti-hyperglycemic properties of AJEAE through regeneration of pancreatic β cells. Conclusively our findings demonstrated the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and pancreatic beta cells regenerative properties of AJEAE against alloxan induced diabetes.
Controllable Kerr Nonlinearity in a Degenerate V-Type Inhomogeneously Broadening Atomic Medium Aided By a Magnetic Field
Authors: Minh Dong Hoang , Doan Thanh Thai , Tuan Anh Nguyen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We propose a degenerate V-type inhomogeneously broadening atomic model for Kerr nonlinear control under the support of an external magnetic field. The magnetic field is used as a control knob to convert the medium from transparency to absorption at the resonance center. It is shown that the magnitude and sign of the Kerr nonlinearity index are manipulated by the magnetic field. Especially, we can easily convert the Kerr nonlinearity index from the positive peak into a negative peak, and from zero value can be transferred to enhanced positive or negative peaks simply only by changing the direction or strength of the magnetic field. In addition, the Kerr nonlinearity index under the influence of the temperature, the intensity, and detuning of the control field is also considered. The proposed model can be useful for applications in optical switching and nonlinear optical devices as well as possible experimental implementations.
Molecular convolutional neural networks with DNA regulatory circuits
Authors: Pei Hao , Xiong Xiewei , Zhu Tong , Zhu Yun , Cao Mengyao , Xiao Jin , Li Li , Wang Fei , Fan Chunhai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Complex biomolecular circuits enable cells with intelligent behavior for survival before neural brains evolved. Synthesized DNA circuits in liquid phase developed as computational hardware can perform neural-network-like computation that harness the collective properties of complex biochemical systems, however the scaling up in complexity remains challenging to support more powerful computation. we present a systematic molecular implementation of the convolutional neural network (ConvNet) algorithm with synthetic DNA regulatory circuits based on a simple DNA switching gate architecture. We experimentally demonstrated that a DNA-based ConvNet based on shared-weight architecture of a 3×6 sized kernel can simultaneously implement parallel multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations for 144 bits inputs and recognize patterns up to 8 categories autonomously. Furthermore, it can connect with another DNA circuits to construct hierarchical networks, which can recognize patterns up to 32 categories with a two-step classification approach of performing coarse classification on language (Arabic numerals, Chinese oracles, English alphabets and Greek alphabets) and then classifying them into specific handwritten symbols. With a simple cyclic freeze/thaw approach, we can decrease computation time from hours to minutes. Our approach shows great promise in the realization of high computing power molecular computer with ability to classify complex and noisy information.
Distribution of Extreme Rainfall Events and Their Environmental Controls in The West African Sahel
Authors: Vizy Edward K. , Cook Kerry H. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
West African Sahel extreme rainfall events are impactful when strong mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) produce large amounts of rainfall in short periods. NASA IMERG rainfall estimates and the ERA5 reanalysis are examined to understand where the top 100 highest 12Z – 12Z 24-h rainfall totals and MCS storm genesis occur, and to assess the relative importance of environmental conditions in their generation including the influence of atmospheric moisture and vertical wind shear. Most of the top 100 events are located south of 14°N. Events cluster over three regions, namely, Mali, Burkina Faso, and northern Nigeria. The associated MCSs are typically not locally generated, forming instead at distances greater than 100 km upstream. Composites reveal that a significant increase in atmospheric moisture content occurs prior to development, but there is no evidence of significant changes in the 600 – 925 hPa vertical wind shear. This indicates that vertical wind shear is less influential in extreme storm development than atmospheric moisture preconditioning. The top 10 events are further evaluated. A change in these storms’ direction and speed near the maximum rainfall location is common, suggesting the MCSs are reorganizing around peak rainfall intensity time. Three atmospheric conditions are associated with these events. They are (1) moisture preconditioning of the atmosphere, (2) interaction of the storm in the wake of a region of anticyclonic flow, and (3) interaction of the storm in the wake of a region of anticyclonic flow and the Sahel/tropical dryline boundary.