bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A-103 Examining Self-Awareness in Acute Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury Populations
Authors: Watorek Vanessa , Shwartz Susan , Day Chelsea 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
Following acquired brain injury (ABI), self-awareness of deficits is frequently diminished. A review of the literature suggests most investigations of self-awareness following ABI have been in traumatic brain injury (TBI) populations, with emerging research in those with stroke (e.g., Al Banna et al., 2016). Therefore, this study examined self-awareness across diagnoses, neuroanatomical correlates, and demographics.

Method
Participants included 82 patients (TBI n = 59 and stroke n = 23) from an inpatient ABI unit. Patients, neuropsychologists, and family members completed the Awareness Questionnaire (AQ). The difference between patient-clinician or patient-family total score was examined, with scores &gt;20 suggestive of impaired self-awareness.

Results
Participants with left-hemisphere (LH) injury endorsed higher functioning (Patient Total) compared to those with right or bilateral injury, p 0.05. However, there was greater difference scores between those with TBI compared to stroke on patient-clinician total cognitive scores t(80) = 2.125, p = 0.037 and patient-family behavioral/affective total scores t(15.86) = 4.045, p &lt; 0.001 such that those with TBI’s were more aware of their deficits. Regarding demographics, level of education predicted level of patient awareness, but no demographic factors predicted the overall difference score.

Conclusions
Individuals with LH injury may be more prone to reduced awareness than expected. Additionally, specific domains of functioning may be more useful in examining awareness deficits across diagnostic groups than overall scores.
A-108 Psychological and Sociodemographic Challenges, but Not History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Is Associated with Criminal Justice Involvement among Veterans and Service Members
Authors: Gius Becky , Fournier Lauren F , Reljic Tea , Pogoda Terri , Corrigan John , Garcia Amanda , Troyanskaya Maya , Miles Shannon 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
Examine factors associated with history of arrests and felony incarceration among Veterans and Service Members (V/SM) with combat exposure.

Method
Participants were V/SM who completed a baseline assessment for the multicenter Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium study (N = 1555). Most were male (87%), white (72%), with a mean age of 40 years (SD = 9.71). The majority (83%) reported a history of ≥1 mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), with thirty-five present of those experiencing 3+ mTBIs.

Results
Three groups were composed based on self-reported level of involvement with the criminal justice system: 1.) No history of arrests or incarcerations (65%), 2.) A lifetime history of arrest but no felony incarceration (32%), and 3.) A lifetime history of felony incarceration (3%). Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis H tests revealed statistically significant differences between the groups in demographic factors including the incarcerated group having younger age, greater percentage of men, lower education, and greater percentage of never being married, followed by the arrest group and then the no arrest group (all p &lt; 0.05). The incarcerated group also had the highest level of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, lowest social support, and greatest percentage of hazardous alcohol consumption, followed by the arrest and then the no arrest groups (all p &lt; 0.05). No differences were found between groups for mTBI history or neuropsychological testing results.

Conclusions
Correlates of legal involvement among V/SM span demographic and psychological dimensions. Some correlates are modifiable, including social support, PTSD symptoms, and alcohol consumption. Addressing these modifiable risk factors is critical to lower the risk of future criminal justice involvement.
A-118 Efficacy of Computerized Cognitive Rehabilitation Programs in Treating Warfighters with a History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Bailie Jason , Westphal Alia , Basham Angela , Lopez Juan , Caswell Melissa , Babakhanyan Ida 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Computerized cognitive rehabilitation programs (CCRP) have gained popularity in recent years. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of CCRP in military personnel with a prior mTBI.

Methods
21 active-duty service members with a history of mTBI were enrolled in the randomized clinical trial. Participants completed one of two CCRPs (Lumosity or the University of California Riverside Brain Game Center). Primary dependent variable was the Key Behavioral Change Inventory (KBCI) with eight scales: Inattention, Impulsivity, Unawareness of problems, Apathy, Interpersonal difficulty, Communication problems, Somatic difficulties, and Emotional adjustment. Other variables included age, education, number of mTBIs, years since last mTBI, total lifetime years of repetitive head injury (RHI).

Results
There was a significant reduction in Somatic Difficulties post-treatment (p = 0.029) with trends towards reductions on Inattention (p = 0.077) and Apathy (p = 0.064). 19/21 (90%) of participants had improvement in at least one KBCI scale (i.e., at least one point change), 14/21 (66%) had 3 or more scales improved, and 7/21 (67%) had 5 or more scales improved. Total number of scales improved was correlated with years since TBI (rho = 0.38, p = 0.044) and years of RHI (rho = 0.459, p = 0.018).

Conclusions
CCRP had modest efficacy in improving persistent symptoms following a mTBI. Fewer years since mTBI and fewer number of years of RHI were associated with better treatment response.
A-124 Sleep Quality and Quantity in Individuals Aging with Traumatic Brain Injury: Associations with Psychosocial Outcomes and Health Conditions
Authors: Riccitello Rachael M , Rabinowitz Amanda R , Venkatesan Umesh M , Dell Kristine C , Vervoordts Samantha M , Hillary Frank G 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
To examine the association of sleep quality/duration with chronic health conditions, psychological distress, and quality of life (QOL) in older adults with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods
120 older adults (x-age = 64.2 ± 8.3) 1 or more years (med = 9.8, range = 1.1–45.6) post moderate–severe TBI reported on history of chronic health conditions and current sleep duration and quality. Participants were categorized by sleep duration (&lt; 6, 6–8, &gt;8 hours) and whether or not they felt well-rested. Outcome measures were QOL (Quality of Life after Brain Injury questionnaire) and psychological distress (Brief Symptom Inventory-18).

Results
65% of individuals reported receiving 6–8 hours of sleep; 78% reported feeling well-rested. 17.5% reported no health conditions, 47.5% one condition, and 35% reported two or more. High blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes were the most common. Number of health conditions was not related to sleep quality χ2(2,N = 120) =0.83, p = 0.66, or quantity, χ2(4,N = 120) =7.4, p = 0.12. MANCOVA controlling for age, chronicity, and injury severity revealed a significant association between poor sleep quality and decreased QOL across multiple life domains, V = 0.30, F(6,105) = 4.6, p &lt; 0.001, ηp2 = 0.21. Sleep duration was also associated with QOL, Λ = 0.80, F(12,208) = 2.1, p &lt; 0.05, ηp2 = 0.108. In ANCOVAs, poor sleep quality was related to increased psychological distress, F(1,110) = 18.3, p &lt; 0.001, ηp2 = 0.142, but sleep duration was not, F(2,109) = 2.2, p = 0.12, ηp2 = 0.038.

Conclusion
Although most participants received the recommended amount of sleep, poor sleep quality/quantity were associated with poorer QOL and sleep quality was additionally associated with psychological distress. Chronic health conditions were prevalent in the sample, but not related to self-reported sleep quality/duration.
A-131 Treating Parkinson’s Disease with Mindfulness: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lemke Jillian , Corbin Christopher 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
Mindfulness has been recognized as an evidence-based treatment in a range of psychological and medical (i.e., chronic pain, dementia, diabetes) conditions. Despite several randomized and non-randomized control trials, there continues to be a lack of consensus regarding mindfulness as an effective treatment for individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Methods
PsychINFO, Medline, ProQuest, and Embase, were searched using a combination of terms such as “Parkinson’s” and “Mindfulness” or “Meditation.” Studies were included if they reported method, participants, interventions used, and outcomes. Results were extracted and assessed for quality and relevance.

Data Synthesis
The systematic analysis revealed that mindfulness was primarily effective in reducing non-motor symptoms of PD, except for one survey study of PD patients, which indicated that mindfulness was associated with improved motor symptoms. Otherwise, mindfulness resulted in decreased anxiety and distress while also improving social support. Of the two studies that included caregivers in treatment, mindfulness was associated with reduced caregiver burden.

Conclusion
The results supported the use of mindfulness as an effective adjunct to PD treatment, with the strongest effects on non-motor symptoms and caregiver distress. Notably, the studies included were limited by small sample sizes and patients with mild to moderate symptoms of PD. Further random controlled trials with larger sample sizes and differing degrees of PD severity are needed to conclusively determine the effects of mindfulness in treating PD.
A-134 Agile Development of Virtual Reality Treatment for Spatial Neglect: Preliminary Usability and Feasibility
Authors: Chen Peii , Krch Denise , Shekhtman Grigoriy 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
Examine the usability and feasibility of a virtual reality (VR) treatment for persons with spatial neglect using head mounted display (HMD) and hand tracking technologies.

Method
Recruited from a rehabilitation hospital, 9 stroke survivors with spatial neglect (3 females; mean age = 64.2 years, SD = 9.1; 8 left neglect) participated in user testing for ongoing software development. Participants tested one of four customized treatment modules and completed the System Usability Scale, the Presence Questionnaire, and the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire. Feedback from participants were integrated into iterative prototype revisions. Module 1 (n = 7) required arm movements gradually reaching toward the neglected side of space, while the virtual hand appeared reaching straight ahead. Module 2 (n = 4) required head movements from the non-neglected to the neglected side. Module 3 (n = 6) involved head and arm movements towards both sides of space to collect objects. Module 4 (n = 2) was to stop approaching objects from a distance ahead.

Results
Despite reporting a lack of realism, participants preferred VR over conventional therapy. Participants felt comfortable and confident engaging in the virtual environment. Module 4 was more difficult than the other modules as participants required more practice to perform the task. Two participants reported Module 3 being tiresome, with one reporting mild shoulder pain and eye strain, and moderate sweating. However, all reported symptoms were temporary and resolved following a short break.

Conclusion
VR-based rehabilitation for spatial neglect using HMD and hand tracking technologies may be a viable treatment option for stroke survivors with spatial neglect. The modules benefited substantively from modifications based on participants’ feedback.
A-135 Telehealth Motivationally Enhanced Compensatory Cognitive Training for Older Veterans with Cognitive Complaints: A Pilot Study
Authors: Zilberfayn Irina , Marceaux Janice C , McPherron Jesse A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
This study evaluated the effectiveness of Motivationally Enhanced Compensatory Cognitive Training (ME-CCT), conducted via telehealth. Cognitive performance, self-reported functioning, and activity engagement were expected to improve following participation. Compensatory strategy use was projected to predict posttest memory performance.

Method
Data from VA electronic medical records was obtained for five veterans (80% male; ages 68–84) who completed an 8-week ME-CCT protocol via telehealth. All completed pre/post neuropsychological screening (RBANS subtests, Oral TMT-B [O-TMT-B]) and self-report measures (PHQ-9, GAD-7, WHODAS, Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire [MMQ]). All had cognitive complaints but no cognitive disorder. Wilcoxon signed-rank test compared pretest-posttest scores. Hierarchical linear regression examined whether strategy use was predictive of posttest memory scores, controlling for age and pretest scores.

Results
O-TMT-B time (Z = -1.75, p = 0.040, r = −0.78) and errors (Z = -1.73; p = 0.042, r = −0.77) improved significantly, but not semantic fluency (p = 0.358). Immediate (p = 0.055) and Delayed Memory (p = 0.447) did not change. MMQ-Strategy increased (Z = -1.826; p = 0.034, r = −0.82). MMQ-Abilities (p = 0.055, r = −0.82) and MMQ-Satisfaction (p = 0.143 r = −0.48,) did not differ but showed a moderate to large effect. PHQ-9 was lower (Z = -1.841, p = 0.033, r = −0.82); there was a non-significant but large effect on GAD-7 (Z = -1.414, p = 0.079, r = −0.63). WHODAS-Total did not differ (p = 0.231). Use of strategies did not predict Immediate (p = 0.669) or Delayed (p = 0.631) Memory scores.

Conclusions
Preliminary findings support the use of the ME-CCT protocol with older adults via telehealth, as results suggest possible improvement in aspects of cognition, greater use of strategies, and reductions in mood-related symptoms. Further research with a larger sample is needed to replicate the results and further explore possible outcomes following ME-CCT.
A-138 The Correlation between Inattentiveness and Depression in an Adult Population Sample
Authors: Kajani Nisha , Rifai Lara , Kotalik Kayla , Ailes Erica , Lashley Lisa , Golden Charles J 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
To test if there is a correlation between the inattentive domain of the Conners Continuous Performance Task 3rd Edition (CPT-3) and depression scale of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2).

Method
Adult mixed psychiatric clinical sample was derived from a large de-identified database through a SPSS descriptive statistics analysis. Participants (n = 256) were a diverse distribution of race (62.1%Caucasian,16%Latinx,12.9%African American, and 9%Other), gender (60.5%female, 39.5%male), age (27.25-years average), and education (16-years average). Each participant was administered the Conners CPT-3 to evaluate the inattentive domain which consisted of Detectability, Omissions, Commission, Hit-Reaction-Time (HRT), HRT-Standard-Deviation, and Variability; and the MMPI-2. A bivariate correlation was run to determine significance.

Results
The CPT-3 and MMPI-2 were correlated at p &lt; 0.01 significantly on Variability with the K-Scale (r = −1.69) and VRIN-Scale (r = 0.177). They were correlated at p &lt; 0.05 significantly on Variability with the TRIN-Scale (r = 0.126) and 2-Scale (r = 0.152); on HRT-Std-Dev with the TRIN-Scale (r = 0.127) and 1-Scale (r = 0.128); on Omissions with the VRIN-Scale (r = 0.151) and 9-Scale (r==0.126); and on Commissions with the 7-Scale (r = −0.124) and 8-Scale (r = −0.124).

Conclusion
Mitchell et al. (2013) conducted a study to assess the relationship between ADHD and negative automatic thoughts associated with depression in adults which found that inattentive ADHD significantly associated with negative automatic thoughts. Although the current analysis found some correlation between the measures, there was a lack of significant correlation between inattentiveness and depression. These findings are important as they contradict a criteria for depression. Further research is needed to understand the dynamic between the two measures.
A-144 Impairment of Attention in Persons with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder by Neuropsychology Assessments and Rehabilitation Training Course
Authors: Almoula Oroub , Almutairi Ahmad , Alozairi Abdullah , Coetzer Rudi , Bracewell Martyn 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
Scholars consider Mindfulness to develop a person’s capacity for awareness of self and others. This approach can also be used in Neuropsychological counselling. Recent research studies have shown that mindfulness has a positive impact on cognitive performance, attention and emotion regulation. This study aimed to examining a possible difference in attention trained between twenty PTSD Syrian’s refugees who were using the mindfulness programme for two weeks and those who trained Cognitive behavioural therapy course. This study was also intended to translate some widely used tests in neuropsychological assessments, and determining the potential efficiency of Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy as a rehabilitation course for these clinical populations. Two separate three-way mixed ANOVA models (Within-Within-Between) were performed to assess if the Stroop effect and Stroop R effect differ between the three Stroop scenarios (within-Subjects effect: Control – Practice – Main test) and Conditions (within-Subjects effect: Congruent – Incongruent) when two different separate treatments were applied to twenty Syrian’s refugees participants (Between-Subjects main effect: Mindfulness vs Cognitive behavioural therapy, there were also applied other attention measures such as; Trail Making test, Coding and Symbol search from WIAS-IV. For Stroop R model 2 we identified a significant within-subjects main effect of Stroop (F (2, 36) = 8.248, p = 0.002, partial-eta = 0.295). There was a significant within-subjects main effect of Conditions indicating a significant difference between congruent and incongruent treatment. Also, there was a significant two-way interaction effect of Stroop and Condition. Refugees participants reveal significantly differences for Coding, Trail numbers and Trail Numbers and Letters.
A-149 Demographic Correlates of a Short-Form Test of Executive Functioning
Authors: Horton Arthur M , Reynolds Cecil 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
This poster explores demographic correlates of a recently developed Short-Form Test of Executive Functioning.

Method
Subjects were 23 adults referred by neurologists and psychiatrist for neuropsychological testing to a private practice. All subjects signed informed consent documents. Subjects included 12 males and 11 females, 20 subjects were Caucasians and 3 were African-Americans, 22 were right handed. The subjects’ ages ranged from 20 to 74 (M-52.04, SD-14.87) and the subjects education levels ranged from 10–20 (M-15.87, SD-3.45). Diagnoses included Stroke-12, Traumatic Brain Injury-6, Alzheimer’s disease-2, Multiple Sclerosis-1, Parkinson’s disease-1 and Epilepsy-1. All subjects were administered neuropsychological testing including the Short-Form Test of Executive Functioning (SF-TEF) The Sf-TEF is composed of 3 card sorting subtests of the Test of Verbal and Conceptual Fluency (TVCF) but rather than administering 116 cards only 58 are administered and full scales scores prorated to save time. The scales are Number Correct, Perseveration Errors and Number of Categories. The 3 short form subjects were each correlated with the subjects age and education variables.

Results
The correlations between the Number Correct, Perseveration Errors and Number of Categories scores and age scores were 0.247, 0.01, and 0.08 and correlations between the Number Correct, Perseveration Errors and Number of Categories scores and education levels were 0.21, 0.273 and 0.12 which were all non-significant at the P &lt; 0.05 level of statistical significance.

Conclusions
These results suggest that the scores of the Number Correct, Perseveration Errors and Number of Categories subtests were not unduly influenced by the subjects’ age and education.
A-155 The Relationship between Parent-Reported Inattention Symptoms and Intra-Individual Variability in Neuropsychological Performance in Male Children and Adolescents
Authors: Rosenberg Raquel , Nash Allison , Friedhoff Claire , Paxton Jessica 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
While previous research has demonstrated that males show greater intra-individual variability (IIV) in neuropsychological performance than females (Roalf et al., 2014), previous studies have not investigated how IIV relates to psychological factors in each gender. This study examined the relationship between psychological symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety and inattention) and IIV in male and female pediatric samples.

Method
Participants included 135 male and 210 female individuals between the ages of 6 and 17 from Nathan Kline Institute’s Rockland Project. Participants endorsing a medical diagnosis associated with cognitive impairment (e.g., brain injury; n = 19) were excluded. The four psychological variables included T-scores from the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) total to measure depression, the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) to measure anxiety, Conners ADHD Rating Scale - Parent to measure parent-ratings of inattention, and the Conners ADHD Rating Scale – Youth to measure self-rated inattention. IIV scores for accuracy were calculated from 10 subtests from the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery.

Results
In male participants, a regression analysis predicting IIV accuracy scores revealed that the four psychological variables together accounted for 7% of the variance in IIV accuracy scores. Conners Parent Inattention T-scores significantly predicted IIV accuracy scores in males (β = 0.19, p 0.16). In an analogous regression analysis with female participants, psychological symptoms did not significantly predict IIV accuracy scores.

Conclusions
Results indicated that inattention reported by parents predicted IIV accuracy for male children and adolescents in a community sample.
A-161 Swiping Left on External Reminders, Internal Monitoring, and Recollections: Level of Importance Predicts Greater Likelihood of Prospective Memory Success during Smartphone Use
Authors: Cooke Holly E , Jacova Claudia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to understand the implications that smartphones have for prospective memory (PM) performance. We examined normal adults’ performance on an event-based PM task embedded in an online survey, and its relationship with the PM strategies used prior to the PM cue.

Method
Participants included 349 individuals aged &gt;18— (M = 38.31; SD = 11.15); 62% male; non-Hispanic (83.38%); with education = HS diploma or less (8.31%), some college (12.61%), and college degree (79.08%)—recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk. Participants completed the survey on their smartphones. The PM task required participants to respond “N/A” to a question presented later in the survey. Follow-up questions were asked about the use of external reminders, internal monitoring, recollections, and level of importance participants attributed to the PM task.

Results
One third of participants were successful on the PM task. Of those who had PM success, 11.50% used external reminders, 53.10% used internal monitoring strategies, 62.83% had recollections, and 95.56% considered the task at least somewhat important to remember. Logistic regression revealed that non-Hispanic ethnicity, ≤ high school education, and high perceived importance predicted PM success (Table 1). Interestingly, 40% of individuals with PM failure used external reminders, showing a significant negative relationship with PM success.

Conclusions
We found that external reminders, internal monitoring, and recollections may make PM success less likely during smartphone use—strategies which were associated with PM success in previous research. Only perceived importance predicted PM success, akin to previous findings. Implications reveal that smartphones may change the demands of PM tasks.