bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of octenidine mouthwash on plaque, gingivitis, and oral microbial growth: A systematic review
Authors: Grover Vishakha , Mahendra Jaideep , Gopalakrishnan Dharmrajan , Jain Ashish 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveOctenidine dihydrochloride is an antimicrobial cationic surfactant compound. We conducted a systematic review to determine the efficacy of octenidine‐based mouthwash on plaque formation, gingivitis, and oral microbial growth in subjects with or without periodontal disease.Materials and MethodsPubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies. The review was conducted per PRISMA guidelines. Only randomized controlled trials and observational studies comparing octenidine with placebo or other mouthwashes in healthy subjects with or without periodontal disease, were considered for this review. The endpoints included percentage reduction in plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), absolute reduction in the mean number of colony‐forming units (CFU/ml [log10]) and adverse effects (AEs; tooth staining/mucosal tolerance).ResultsTen randomized controlled and six observational studies fulfilled the selection criteria. Twice or thrice daily rinsing with 0.1% octenidine for 30–60 s produced significant reduction in plaque, gingivitis and oral microbial growth. Compared to control mouthwash or baseline, 0.1% octenidine inhibited plaque formation by ~38.7%–92.9%, which was either equal or greater than that of chlorhexidine gluconate. 0.1% octenidine reduced gingivitis by ~36.4%–68.37% versus control mouthwash or baseline and microbial growth by 0.37–5.3 colony‐forming units (vs. chlorhexidine: 0.4–4.23 colony‐forming units). Additional benefits of 0.1% octenidine were significant reduction in the number of bleeding sites, papilla bleeding index, sulcus bleeding index, and gingival fluid flow.ConclusionWithin the limitations of this study, there exists moderate evidence that 0.1% OCT was found to be an effective antiplaque agent. Octenidine inhibited plaque formation upto 93% and gingivitis upto 68% versus placebo and was either superior or comparable to chlorhexidine. Octenidine was well‐tolerated and safe and can be an effective alternative to CHX and other contemporary mouthwashes.
Amorphous Fe(OH)3 Passivating CeO2 Nanorods: A Noble‐Metal‐Free Photocatalyst for Water Oxidation
Authors: Feng Ting , Ding Jing , Li Haiyan , Wang Wei , Dong Bohua , Cao Lixin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNoble‐metal‐free composites with good photocatalytic property are of great interest. Here, CeO2 nanorods composites loaded with amorphous Fe(OH)3 cocatalyst were designed and prepared via a secondary water bath at 100 °C. The as‐synthesized CeO2/amorphous Fe(OH)3 composites exhibited superior light photocatalytic activities compared to pure CeO2, especially the sample with a loading time of 60 min. The photocatalytic oxygen generation rate could reach to 357.2 μmol h−1 g−1, and the average apparent quantum yield (AQY) was 24.67 %, which was a 5.5‐fold increase compared to the CeO2 sample. The improvement of photocatalytic performance could be ascribed to three main reasons: First, loading the amorphous Fe(OH)3 enlarged the specific surface area and passivated the surface of the pristine CeO2. Second, the amorphous Fe(OH)3,which acted as a cocatalyst, provided many active sites, and reduced the reaction activation energy. Thirdly, the maximum interface with intimate contact between CeO2 and amorphous Fe(OH)3 cocatalyst accelerated the photogenerated charge separation efficiency and thus improved the photocatalytic performance of CeO2 in photocatalytic water oxidation.
Design of novel universal converter for integration of solar and wind energy for AC and DC load
Authors: Kumar Nitish , Tatabhatla Venkata Madhava Ram , Agarwal Anshul 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPower generation through renewable sources using a multistage power conversion process was plagued with efficiency and reliability issues. It led to the evolvement of a novel universal converter for the simultaneous interfacing of solar and wind energy. Solar energy is extracted using a multiphase boost converter, while a 2n converter with a switch reluctance generator has been used for wind energy extraction. In this paper, a novel universal converter is used to integrate both solar and wind energies, which will reduce multiple stages of the power conversion process. This converter generates an output voltage of the sino‐square waveform, which is a combination of a sinusoidal and square waveform. Enhanced efficiency and competency of this sino‐square waveform in domestic and industrial applications have been validated with a systematic comparison with conventional square waveform. These two waveforms have been compared based on various harmonics generation, total harmonic distortion (THD), and switching losses. The proposed topology has been validated with an experimental setup using a PV emulator for solar energy. Wind energy has been implemented using an induction motor with switch reluctance generator.
Circ_0001667 knockdown blocks cancer progression and attenuates adriamycin resistance by depleting NCOA3 via releasing miR‐4458 in breast cancer
Authors: Cui Yanfei , Fan Jing , Shi Wenbo , Zhou Zuozhi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that developmental chemoresistance in cancers is closely associated with the dysregulation of circular RNA transcriptions. The objective of this study is to disclose the role of circ_0001667 and provide a potential functional mechanism in breast cancer. Quantitative real‐time PCR was applied for the analysis of circ_0001667, microRNA‐4458 (miR‐4458) and nuclear receptor coactivator 3 (NCOA3) expression. In adriamycin (ADM)‐resistant cell lines, we investigated cell proliferation using 3‐[4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl]‐2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and colony formation assay. Cell migration and cell invasion were determined by transwell assay. The protein levels of multi‐drug resistance‐1, matrix metalloproteinases‐9, cleaved‐caspase3, cleaved‐caspase9 and NCOA3 were detected by western blot. ADM resistance was ascertained by IC50 value using MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was checked by flow cytometry assay. The putative relationship between miR‐4458 and circ_0001667 and NCOA3 was validated by pull‐down assay, dual‐luciferase reporter assay or RNA Immunoprecipitation assay. Circ_0001667 knockdown inhibited MCF‐7/ADM and MDA‐MB‐231/ADM cell proliferation, migration, invasion and ADM resistance. MiR‐4458 was a target of circ_0001667, and its expression was decreased in ADM‐resistant tumor tissues and cells. MiR‐4458 inhibition reversed the effects of circ_0001667 knockdown. In depth, NCOA3 was a target of circ_0001667, and circ_0001667 knockdown weakened NCOA3 expression by releasing miR‐4458. MCF‐7/ADM and MDA‐MB‐231/ADM cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and ADM resistance inhibited by miR‐4458 restoration were recovered by NCOA3 overexpression. Circ_0001667 knockdown also repressed tumor growth and ADM resistance in vivo. Circ_0001667 knockdown blocks cancer progression and attenuates ADM resistance by depleting NCOA3 via releasing miR‐4458 in breast cancer.
Feasibility and acceptability of home treatment as an add‐on to family based therapy for adolescents with anorexia nervosa. A case series
Authors: Flütsch Nicole , Hilti Nadine , Schräer Christiane , Soumana Mariama , Probst Fabian , Häberling Isabelle , Berger Gregor , Pauli Dagmar 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effect sizes on outcome measures of home treatment (HT) as an add‐on to family‐based therapy (FBT) in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). The HT intervention is delivered by specialized nurses and aims at supporting patients and parents to re‐establish family meals in the home environment.MethodForty‐five (43 female, 2 male) adolescents meeting ICD 10 criteria for anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa received FBT augmented with HT over 12 weeks. Eating disorder (ED) diagnosis, psychopathology and severity of clinical symptoms were assessed using the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) interview, the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI‐2) at baseline (BL) and after 3‐monthsResultsAll participants and parents were retained and found HT acceptable. At the end of Treatment (EOT) participants showed a significant early weight gain, a reduction in the AN psychopathology assessed with the EDE interview and a reduction in EDI‐2 total scores. None of the patients had to be admitted to hospital. Treatment satisfaction was high in both patients and parents.DiscussionFindings provide preliminary evidence that HT is feasible, acceptable and produces clinically significant improvements in targeted outcome.
Synthesis, LIFDI Mass Spectrometry and Reactivity of Triacyl‐Germenolates
Authors: Drusgala Manfred , Linden Mathias H. , Knoechl Andreas , Torvisco Ana , Fischer Roland C. , Bernhard Linden H. , Haas Michael 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe synthesis of stable triacylgermenolates 3 a,b was achieved by using a multiple silyl abstraction methodology. The formation of these new germenolates was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and UV‐Vis measurements. Moreover, for the triacylgermenolates 2 and 3 a LIFDI mass spectrometry to characterize these new compounds. Germenolates 3 a,b serve as a starting point for a new triaacylgermane 4 a and two octaacyldigermanes 4 c,d. The formation of these acylgermanes was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy, X‐ray crystallography, UV‐Vis measurements and mass spectrometry. The UV‐Vis absorption spectra of 4 c,d show considerably increased band intensities due to the presence of eight chromophores.
Silicon‐Bridged Bi‐ and Tridentate Lewis Acidic Host Systems
Authors: Schäfer Fabian , Lamm Jan‐Hendrik , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Mitzel Norbert W. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractConnecting multiple organic spacer functions via silicon core units leads to various organosilanes that are excellently suited as backbones for poly‐Lewis acids (PLAs). Using ethynyl spacer groups, rigid bis‐ and tris‐dioxabenzoborole (BCat)‐substituted PLAs were prepared. The fixed orientation of the Lewis acidic functions of the PLAs is reflected in their solid‐state structures. Further flexible PLAs were obtained by hydroboration of vinylsilanes using 9‐borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9‐BBN), which shows the flexibility of the backbone motif. Host‐guest experiments of the bidentate representatives with pyridine demonstrate the ability of both PLA‐types (BCat or 9‐BBN) for complexing neutral guest molecules. The rigid host system shows additionally a 1 : 1 adduct formation using a bridged diamine as guest compound.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Dihydropyranones with Three Contiguous Stereocenters by an NHC‐Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution
Authors: Axelsson Anton , Westerlund Mathias , Zacharias Savannah C. , Runemark August , Haukka Matti , Sundén Henrik 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAn oxidative NHC‐catalyzed kinetic resolution (KR) of racemic mixtures is presented. The developed reaction furnishes tricyclic dihydropyranones with three contiguous stereocenters in excellent dia‐ and enantioselectivity, with good‐to‐moderate yields. Mechanistic studies indicate that the rate‐determining step of the reaction is the formation of the Breslow intermediate, while the selectivity determining step occurs later in the mechanism. The presented methodology enables rapid synthesis of complex structures in a single step.
Metal oxides as electrocatalysts for water splitting: On plasmon‐driven enhanced activity
Authors: Rodrigues Maria P. de Souza , Miguel Vítor M. , Germano Lucas D. , Córdoba de Torresi Susana I. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMany technological approaches have been searched in order to overcome the main challenges concerning the world energy crisis and global environmental issues. Among them, plasmon‐driven photoelectrochemical reactions towards water electrolysis attract great attention due to their capacity to efficiently harvest solar energy. Synergism between tunable optical features and catalysts active sites of plasmonic nanomaterials gives rise to a singular perspective for photochemical processes. Through resonant photonic excitation, hot carriers’ motion facilitates the charge transfer process on the catalyst surface for chemical reactions. In this minireview, recent experimental research with emphasis on water splitting reactions have been summarized with the purpose of understanding the mechanistic hot electrons generation and transfer on the plasmonic noble metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and transition metal oxides (MOs) heterostructures. Examples of plasmonic nanomaterials are highlighted and compared for both water electrolysis semi reactions. Finally, this work concludes by describing the remaining challenges and gives some perspectives regarding the promising future of plasmon‐driven reactions investigations.
Cathode strategies to improve the performance of zinc‐ion batteries
Authors: He Pingge , Chen Shaowei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractZinc‐ion battery (ZIB) has been attracting extensive attention due to its high theoretical capacity, high safety, and low cost. However, the exploration of suitable cathode materials to host Zn ions remains a challenge, owing to the strong electrostatic interactions and large steric hindrance effects between Zn ion and host materials. Great efforts have been devoted to the optimization of the structure and electrochemical property of the cathode materials. In this review article, we summarize recent cathode‐based strategies to address the issues of performance degradation and structural collapse of electrode materials within the context of microstructure design and ion/charge transport mechanism, and include a perspective to highlight the challenges and promises in the exploitation of cathode materials for further enhancement of the performance of ZIBs.
Synthesis, odour characteristics, and antibacterial activity of optically active cognac lactones
Authors: Kaku Satsuki , Hashimoto Masatoshi , Ohtsu Naofumi , Hoshi Masayuki , Ogawa Narihito , Miyakoshi Tetsuo , Masuda Hiroyuki , Yoshiwara Masahiro , Fujii Koya , Shimotori Yasutaka 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study, all stereoisomers of cognac lactone (1) were synthesized with over 99% enantiomeric excess via diastereomeric resolution using N‐benzyloxycarbonyl‐l‐proline (N‐Cbz‐l‐proline) as a resolving agent. N‐Cbz‐l‐proline could be applied for the diastereomeric resolution of both syn‐ and anti‐forms and yielded all diastereomers in over 99% diastereomeric excess. The odour properties of racemic and optically active 1 were evaluated for their orthonasal aromas. All the stereoisomers had different odour characteristics and thresholds. In general, the (3S)‐ and (3R)‐forms had fruity and herbal notes, respectively, and (3R,4S)‐1 had the lowest odour threshold at 0.01 ppm. All stereoisomers, except (3R,4S)‐1, showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, (3S,4S)‐1 showed high antibacterial activity against both S aureus and Escherichia coli.
The effect of the social aspect, media dependency, and uncertainty against the formation of Trust toward information in social network sites: A case study of COVID‐19 information in Indonesia
Authors: Handarkho Yonathan Dri , Widyastuti Dhyah Ayu Retno , Harjoseputro Yulius 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study developed a comprehensive theoretical model to analyze individual Trust's formation concerning information related to COVID‐19 circulated in Social Network Sites (SNS) in Indonesia. The developed model used Social Impact, Uncertainty, and SNS Dependency theories. This study narrows the concept of Trust, which refers to how much individuals judge and consider the COVID‐19 information received in SNS as reliable and trustworthy. Data collected from 390 Indonesian respondents were used to analyze the proposed model via SEM analysis techniques. The findings indicated that SNS dependency had the most substantial immediate impact on Trust. Meanwhile, the result from a social impact perspective explicitly showed the various forms through which other people influence individuals' Trust in COVID‐19 information circulated in SNS. Uncertainty was also found to indirectly affect and moderate the direct impact of SNS dependency on Trust. However, this comprehensive observation has not been discussed thoroughly from a social perspective by prior studies and can contribute to future research. The indirect and moderating effects were additional contributions of this study that had not been profoundly utilized by previous related research.
Homeostatic control of redox status and health
Authors: Sies Helmut , Ursini Fulvio 
Published: July 2021

AbstractResearch on oxidants and electrophiles has shifted from focusing on damage to biomolecules to the more fine‐grained physiological arena. Redox transitions as excursions from a steady‐state redox set point are continually ongoing in maintenance of redox balance. Current excitement on these topics results from the fact that recent research provided mechanistic insight, which gives rise to more concrete and differentiated questions. This Commentary focuses on redox eustress and the feedback restoration of steady state as concepts in active maintenance of physiological health, with brief discussion of redox stress response to viral infection, exemplified by COVID‐19.
Front Cover
Authors: Baulin Vladimir A. , Usson Yves , Le Guével Xavier 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDeep learning methods provide a fast approach to move noninvasive infrared in vivo imaging to high resolution imaging techniques with full analyses of the vascular network.Further details can be found in the article by Vladimir A. Baulin, Yves Usson, and Xavier Le Guével (e202100102).
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Inside Front Cover
Authors: Connolly Peter W. R. , Valli Jessica , Shah Yash D. , Altmann Yoann , Grant James , Accarino Claudio , Rickman Colin , Cumming David R. S. , Buller Gerald S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMultispectral fluorescence imaging is performed under the laser illumination of multiple wavelengths simultaneously. A plasmonic metasurface is designed to perform colour filtering, composed of an arrangement of circular and elliptical nanoholes etched into an aluminium thin film. The resultant mosaic colour filter array is flip‐chip bonded onto a single‐photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array. High fidelity, full‐colour fluorescence images are reconstructed from as few as three photons per pixel from a variety of biological samples.Further details can be found in the article by P.W.R. Connolly, J. Valli, Y.D. Shah, Y. Altmann, J. Grant, C. Accarino, C. Rickman, D.R.S. Cumming, and G.S. Buller (e202000505)
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Protective effect of rhaponticin on ovariectomy‐induced osteoporosis in rats
Authors: Yang Tiansong , Wang Qingyong , Qu Yuanyuan , Feng Chuwen , Li Chaoran , Yang Yan , Sun Zhongren , Alahmadi Tahani A. , Alharbi Sulaiman A. , Bao Shengyong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRhaponticin is a constituent isolated from numerous medicinal herbs. It has been reported earlier that rhaponticin possesses numerous biological effects like antiallergic, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and antithrombosis. The goal of this exploration was to scrutinize the therapeutic potential of rhaponticin on ovariectomy (OVX)‐triggered osteoporosis in rats. Female Sprague Dawley rats were arbitrarily allocated to a sham‐operated control group I, group II, which underwent OVX, and groups III and IV that underwent OVX were administered with rhaponticin (10 and 20 mg/kg). Rhaponticin was supplemented orally after 4 weeks of OVX and continued for about 16 weeks. Our findings exhibit that rhaponticin prevented the BMD diminution of femurs, induced by OVX, and protected the worsening of trabecular microarchitecture that are assisted through a noteworthy decline in skeletal remodeling as noticed through the diminished status of bone markers in a dose‐dependent manner (10 and 20 mg/kg). OVX rats treated with rhaponticin efficiently enhanced body weight, lipid profiles, uterine index, bone turnover markers, inflammatory markers, and augmented the incidence of calcium in the OVX rats. Rhaponticin was established to restrain the functions of acid phosphatase, estradiol, and bone gla protein in OVX rats. Also, rhaponticin displayed some beneficial effects on histomorphometric and histopathological examination. It was observed that tabular area and thickness were reinstated in sham control and rhaponticin‐treated OVX rats. We recognized that rhaponticin did not induce a damaging outcome on the skeletal organization of OVX rats. Moreover, we denote that rhaponticin can be an exceptional agent for the treatment and deal with associated bone diseases.
Effect of TPE vs medical management on patient outcomes in the setting of hypertriglyceridemia‐induced acute pancreatitis with severely elevated triglycerides
Authors: Webb Christopher B. , Leveno Mathew , Quinn Andrew M. , Burner James 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesHypertriglyceridemia‐induced acute pancreatitis (HTG‐AP) accounts for 1 to 10% of pancreatitis cases, and is associated with a more severe clinical course. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a potential treatment option for quickly lowering plasma triglycerides (TG). Current ASFA guidelines define HTG‐AP as a Category III disorder, indicating the role of apheresis is not firmly established. Here, we examine clinical data regarding its effectiveness on morbidity and mortality in patients with HTG‐AP presenting with severely elevated plasma triglycerides (>4000 mg/dl).MethodsWe retrospectively examined clinical data and outcomes from 67 consecutive episodes of HTG‐AP over a 5‐year period in which either medical management alone or medical management plus adjunct TPE was employed to reduce plasma triglycerides.Results16/67 admissions involved TPE, initiated at a mean of 0.7 days from the time of presentation, while 51 received medical management alone. After only one TPE procedure, the mean TG values decreased from 4103 to 1045 mg/dl (a reduction of 74.7%), and those receiving TPE reached plasma TG < 1000 mg/dl 0.99 days faster than the medical group. One patient in the TPE group died. However, when excluding patients with hospital courses complicated by multiple organ dysfunction, there was no significant difference in mortality or hospital length of stay (LOS) between the groups.ConclusionsIn uncomplicated cases of HTG‐AP with an absence of multiorgan dysfunction, there is no significant benefit to either mortality or LOS when adding adjunct TPE to medical management, even when patients present with severely elevated levels of TG.