bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching optics in Covid-19 pandemic through project-based learning
Authors: Siddiq Nur Abdillah 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has forced educational institutions to adjust their learning process to distance education or online learning. This paper explains how to teach optics during the Covid-19 pandemic by implementing project-based learning that can be supervised online. Students are instructed to design, characterize, and optimize droplet lenses to produce the highest possible lens resolving power by using the USAF-1951 test chart. To do project-based learning correctly, students must understand various optics concepts, such as the principle behind light propagation (Fermat’s principle), determining focal lengths, compound lenses, lens aberrations, and lens resolving power. This paper also describes how to optimize droplet lenses to produce high resolving power with easy to handle and inexpensive materials.
Lightweight pixel-wise segmentation for efficient concrete crack detection using hierarchical convolutional neural network
Authors: Kim Jin , Shim Seungbo , Cha Yohan , Cho Gye-Chun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The aging of concrete structures is a threat to public safety; therefore, maintenance and repair of these structures have been highly emphasized. However, regular inspections to detect concrete cracks that rely on operators lack objectivity and consume a lot of time. To overcome this limitation, high-resolution image processing and deep learning have been adopted. Nevertheless, cracks on structure surfaces are still challenging to detect owing to the variety of shapes of cracks and the dependence of recognition performance on image conditions. Herein, we propose a new concrete crack detection method that applies the semantic segmentation technique using 1196 concrete crack images and labeled images produced in this study. A new segmentation algorithm is developed using a hierarchical convolutional neural network to improve speed, and a multi-loss update method is proposed to improve accuracy. The performance of the proposed network is evaluated in terms of accuracy and speed. The results show that the proposed network produces a 2.165% increase in the intersection over union of crack, 65.90% decrease in the average inference time, and 99.90% decrease in the number of parameters compared with the best accuracy results using existing segmentation networks. It is expected that the application of this improved crack detection method will result in faster and more accurate crack detection and, consequently, improved safety, thereby making it suitable for application in structure safety inspections.
The orthogonality speed of two-qubit state interacts locally with spin chain in the presence of Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya interaction
Authors: Abo-Kahla D A M , Abd-Rabbou M Y , Metwally N 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe orthogonality time is examined for different initial states settings interacting locally with different types of spin interaction:XX, Ising and anisotropic models. It is shown that the number of orthogonality increases, and consequently the time of orthogonality decreases as the environment qubits increase. The shortest time of orthogonality is displayed for theXXchain model, while the largest time is shown for the Ising model. The external field increases the numbers of orthogonality, while Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya interaction decreases the time of orthogonality. The initial state settings together with the external field has a significant effect on decreasing/increasing the time of orthogonality.
Feasibility study of CP violation in

decays at the Super Tau Charm Facility *
Authors: Sang Haoyu , Shi Xiaodong , Zhou Xiaorong , Kang Xianwei , Liu Jianbei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We report a feasibility study for violation in

decays at a Super Tau Charm Facility (STCF). With an expected luminosity of 1 ab

collected by STCF per year at a center-of-mass energy of 4.26 GeV, the statistical sensitivity for CP violation is determined to be of order

by measuring the decay-rate difference between

and

. The analysis is performed using a reliable fast simulation software package, which can describe the detector responses properly and vary the responses flexibly for further optimization. Moreover, the energy-dependent efficiencies for reconstructing

are presented. The expected CP sensitivity is proportional to

in the energy region from 4.0 to 5.0 GeV. The sensitivity of CP violation is of order

with 10 ab

integrated luminosity, which is equivalent to ten years' data taking in this energy region at STCF.
Quantifying a frequency modulation response biomarker in responsive neurostimulation
Authors: Venkatesh Praveen , Sneider Daniel , Danish Mohammed , Sisterson Nathaniel D , Zaher Naoir , Urban Alexandra , Grover Pulkit , Richardson R Mark , Kokkinos Vasileios 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objective. Responsive neurostimulation (RNS) is an effective treatment for controlling seizures in patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy who are not suitable candidates for resection surgery. A lack of tools for detecting and characterizing potential response biomarkers, however, contributes to a limited understanding of mechanisms by which RNS improves seizure control. We developed a method to quantify ictal frequency modulation, previously identified as a biomarker of clinical responsiveness to RNS. Approach. Frequency modulation is characterized by shifts in power across spectral bands during ictal events, over several months of neurostimulation. This effect was quantified by partitioning each seizure pattern into segments with distinct spectral content and measuring the extent of change from the baseline distribution of spectral content using the squared earth mover’s distance. Main results. We analyzed intracranial electroencephalography data from 13 patients who received RNS therapy, six of whom exhibited frequency modulation on expert evaluation. Patients in the frequency modulation group had, on average, significantly larger and more sustained changes in their squared earth mover’s distances (mean = 13.97 × 10−3 ± 1.197 × 10−3). In contrast, those patients without expert-identified frequency modulation exhibited statistically insignificant or negligible distances (mean = 4.994 × 10−3 ± 0.732 × 10−3). Significance. This method is the first step towards a quantitative, feedback-driven system for systematically optimizing RNS stimulation parameters, with an ultimate goal of truly personalized closed-loop therapy for epilepsy.
Heterogeneity and superspreading effect on herd immunity
Authors: Oz Yaron , Rubinstein Ittai , Safra Muli 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We model and calculate the fraction of infected population necessary to reach herd immunity, taking into account the heterogeneity in infectiousness and susceptibility, as well as the correlation between those two parameters. We show that these cause the effective reproduction number to decrease more rapidly, and consequently have a drastic effect on the estimate of the necessary percentage of the population that has to contract the disease for herd immunity to be reached. We quantify the difference between the size of the infected population when the effective reproduction number decreases below 1 vs the ultimate fraction of population that had contracted the disease. This sheds light on an important distinction between herd immunity and the end of the disease and highlights the importance of limiting the spread of the disease even if we plan to naturally reach herd immunity. We analyze the effect of various lock-down scenarios on the resulting final fraction of infected population. We discuss implications to COVID-19 and other pandemics and compare our theoretical results to population-based simulations. We consider the dependence of the disease spread on the architecture of the infectiousness graph and analyze different graph architectures and the limitations of the graph models.
Slow quench dynamics in classical systems: kinetic Ising model and zero-range process
Authors: Priyanka  , Chatterjee Sayani , Jain Kavita 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
While a large number of studies have focused on the nonequilibrium dynamics of a system when it is quenched instantaneously from a disordered phase to an ordered phase, such dynamics have been relatively less explored when the quench occurs at a finite rate. Here, we study the slow quench dynamics in two paradigmatic models of classical statistical mechanics, a one-dimensional kinetic Ising model and a mean-field zero-range process, when the system is annealed slowly to the critical point. Starting from the time evolution equations for the spin–spin correlation function in the Ising model and the mass distribution in the zero-range process, we derive the Kibble–Zurek scaling laws. We then test a recent proposal that critical coarsening, which is ignored in the Kibble–Zurek argument, plays a role in the nonequilibrium dynamics close to the critical point. We find that the defect density in the Ising model and a scaled mass distribution in the zero-range process decay linearly to their respective values at the critical point with the time remaining until the end of the quench provided the final quench point is approached sufficiently fast, and sublinearly otherwise. As the linear scaling for the approach to the critical point also holds when a system following an instantaneous quench is allowed to coarsen for a finite time interval, we conclude that critical coarsening captures the scaling behavior in the vicinity of the critical point if the annealing is not too slow.
Reverse –Transcription Spin chain reaction of RNA molecule into DNA molecule
Authors: Roy Subhamoy Singha , Islam Samim , Mallick Sajal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHere we have study the conceptual properties of DNA molecules that can be mapped in the Heisenberg spin system, and the reduction in the formation of the effect of temperature through the quantum phase transition (QPT) when the refining time occurs. Delayed free rotation of molecules, reverse replication is a complement that uses RNA molecules to produce single-stranded DNA molecules and aids in the diffusion of DNA molecules. This explains the large ternary stress observed near the reverse copy point. We have projected the curve extent which is created to be in good agreement.
Reliability analysis of wind turbine based on degradation threshold
Authors: Mo Qiuyun , He Shengwen , Guan Huisen , Liu Yanyan , Guo Rongbin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe time-dependent reliability model of the structure was established by using the Gamma process and combined with the stress-strength interference model to describe the product strength degradation process. The characteristics of the failure threshold based on strength degradation was analyzed, and the life distribution of the product can be calculated under the condition of given degradation threshold was pointed out. Taking a vertical axis wind turbine as an example, ANSYS finite element analysis software was used to calculate the load at the stress concentration of the shaft end of the wind turbine. According to the distribution of load and based on the threshold of product degradation, the product lifetime distribution subject to Gamma degradation was analyzed, the variation law of reliability at the shaft end of the wind turbine with time was studied, and the probability distribution of lifetime under a given threshold of degradation was solved. By using this method, the product reliability subject to Gamma degradation and the lifetime distribution under a given threshold could be obtained, which provides a method for product reliability evaluation with difficulty in obtaining reliability data.
Kinematics and dynamics analysis of a lower DOF spatial parallel mechanism
Authors: Jincheng Xu , Zhijiang Xie , Zhiyuan Yang , Zhinan Zhao , Yongzheng Wang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to control the rotation of the end effector in a long and narrow space, a spatial parallel mechanism that can realize 2 degrees of freedom rotation is proposed. In this article, the forward kinematics model is established according to the constraint conditions of the mechanism’s pose, and the closed vector method is used to obtain the inverse kinematics model. Then based on the kinematics results, the dynamic inverse solution model was established by Newton-Euler method, and the dynamic analysis of the whole mechanism was carried out. Finally, the theoretical calculation results are compared with the simulation results of Adams software to verify the accuracy of the solution process.
Research on the Hand-eye calibration Method Based on Monocular Robot
Authors: Deng Shichao , Mei Feng , Yang Long , Liang Chenguang , Jiang Yingliang , Yu Gaoxing , Chen Yihai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The measurement system is composed of a single camera and a manipulator, and the conversion relationship between the manipulator tool coordinate system and the camera coordinate system is one of the key technologies of the system. This paper proposes a unit octet hand-eye calibration algorithm, which has better accuracy and anti-noise ability. This algorithm combines the characteristics of data on SO(4) on the basis of traditional dual quaternion, and establishes the conversion equation of AX=XB in combination with robot kinematics, and realizes the eye calibration of the manipulator. Compared with the traditional dual quaternion algorithm, the speed is faster, the robustness is good, and it has better stability and practicability.
Design of CCD thermal control system for SuperView satellite remote sensor and its start debugging in-orbit
Authors: Yang Tao , Zhao Shilei , Gao Teng , Zhao Zhenming , Meng Qingliang , Zhang Ping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
With the continuous improvement of the resolution of the space remote sensing camera, the temperature stability requirements of the remote charge coupled device (CCD) have gradually become more stringent. This paper presents and designs a distributed heat source precise temperature control Loop heat pipe (LHP) structure which is different from the traditional LHP structure, and realizes a unified and effective thermal management system which can accurately control the temperature of four heat sources. The results show that the LHP system has excellent heat carrying capacity and accurate temperature control effect on distributed heat source. In 2016, the LHP system was applied to the in-orbit temperature control of the remote CCD of SuperView satellite and has been run for nearly 48 months in orbit thus far. The temperature stability of the four CCD heat source devices controlled is superior to ± 0.4 °C. The design method and on orbit flight data of the distributed heat source precise temperature control LHP system in this paper will have a great reference value for the subsequent application of LHP system in the space temperature control field.
English Applied Ability Teaching Reform of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing in ESP Teaching Mode
Authors: Du Juan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
ESP Teaching method is an approach that is significantly different from the conventional English Language Teaching method. ESP teaching is a market-driven, communicative English teaching model which is based on the overall principle of significantly improving learners’ professional English social skills, learner-centered, and meets the needs of society and individuals. In this study, researcher’s attempt is to integrate ESP teaching model into design and manufacturing English teaching. The study aims to investigate whether ESP teaching method assist learners in mechanical design and manufacturing master the English skills of effective communication in the professional field. The study discusses the teaching reform in the teaching materials, teaching content, teaching methods and teaching assessment for mechanical design and manufacturing English. Some ideas, such as improving teaching methods and students’ learning initiative, have been adopted in teaching practice and the teaching effect is very good.
Research on the Design Scheme of Explosive Dust Removal System and Piping
Authors: Chen Xiaomei , Zhuo Peng , Liu Mingming , Wang Ning 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the workplace where the material dust concentration is high and electric sparks are easy to generate, the dust is easy to explode. At this time, the design of the dust removal system and the piping layout plan are particularly important. This paper takes the design of dust removal system in a tobacco factory as an example. According to the working characteristics of the shredding and stem cutting equipment in the silk workshop, the corresponding wet dust removal device is designed in this kind of work environment. The structure of the dust removal system, process flow and piping design are given, Pressure loss calculation and fan selection, provide a reference for the design of dust removal systems in places that are prone to dust explosions.
Study on nonlinear compensation method for signal error of capacitive micro displacement sensor
Authors: Zhou Jiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to solve the problems of high error rate and long time in the traditional signal error compensation method, a new nonlinear compensation method for the signal error of capacitance micro displacement sensor is designed. The structure of the capacitive micro displacement sensor is optimized. The signal acquisition module is used to collect the optimized capacitive micro displacement sensor signal, and the collected signal is processed by adding window interpolation FFT. According to the signal processing results, the RBF neural network model is used to realize the nonlinear compensation of the signal error of the capacitive micro displacement sensor. The experimental results show that the method has the advantages of less noise, lower compensation error rate and time consuming, and better practical application effect.
Analysis of Primary Frequency Regulation Ability of Shandong Power Grid Thermal Power Unit
Authors: Liu En Ren , Li Jun , Gao Song , Meng Xiang rong , Shi Shuo , Yu Qingbin , Li Yuan yuan , Yan Qing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Shandong Power Grid is about to achieve the development goal of 30% of new energy power generation installed capacity, 30% of foreign power input into Shandong, and 30% of thermal power installed capacity. Neither new energy power generation nor external power has the ability to adjust primary frequency. Thermal power is the main force of primary frequency modulation of Shandong Power Grid. This article counts all primary frequency modulation remote tests of the Shandong Power Grid in 2020, analyzes the current status of Shandong Power Grid’s primary frequency modulation, gives an assessment method for the primary frequency modulation integral power, and summarizes three reasons for the unqualified primary frequency modulation. The reasons are analyzed separately, and optimization suggestions are given.
Research on path planning of mobile robot based on improved Deep Q Network
Authors: Guan Meng , Yang Fu Xing , Jiao Ji Chao , Chen Xin Ping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to solve the problem of slow convergence and low learning efficiency when mobile robots use ordinary DQN algorithm to plan path in an unknown environment with insufficient prior knowledge, an improved DQN algorithm is proposed. A heuristic reward function is designed to realize continuous reward and solve the problem of slow convergence of DQN algorithm caused by reward sparsity. An adaptive exploration strategy is proposed to solve the problem of balance between exploration and utilization in reinforcement learning process, and improve the efficiency of exploration. Experiments show that the improved DQN algorithm not only has high learning efficiency and fast convergence, but also the planned path is optimal.
Research on trajectory planning of dual-arm cooperative robot
Authors: He Xiaoying , Zhang Yong , Gao Xingyu , Li Mingfeng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To meet the requirements of the market for complex and diverse operation tasks, the reasonable trajectory planning of the manipulator plays an important role in the completion of the task, which affects the motion accuracy and operation efficiency of the manipulator, the trajectory planning of the manipulator needs to meet the smooth change of motion parameters and no sudden change to ensure the smooth operation of the system. In this paper, the method of middle point interpolation is used to calculate and analyze the linear interpolation trajectory planning and arc interpolation trajectory planning of 7-DOF(degrees of freedom) redundant manipulator, and to realize the accurate trajectory planning of the end position of the dual-arm cooperative robot.
Research on Vehicle Driving Stability Based on Dynamics Co-simulation
Authors: Zhao Ya-Nan , Wang Zhong-Hui , Sun Ming-Ming , Liang Bing , Shao Liu-Bao , Tang Yan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Automobile braking system is an important guarantee for automobile driving safety, and improving automobile braking performance is an important task in automobile development. ESP system can effectively reduce the accident rate and improve driving safety. This paper systematically introduces the development of vehicle stability control technology from four aspects: dynamic modeling, state observation, control strategy and industrialization. It mainly introduces the state observation and control strategy.
Development of intelligent design platform for robotic drilling system based on CBR
Authors: Xu Ying , Zhang Yue , Xu Zhanghuan , Zeng Xianghu , Chen Jianqiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to improve the design efficiency of the robotic drilling system, the case-based reasoning, CBR design technology is used in the development of the robotic drilling system design platform. The framework of the design platform of the robot hole-making system is constructed, and the key technologies for the construction of the intelligent design platform are studied, including the graphics similarity judgment method, parts coding rules, part parameterization rules, software and platform interface technology, drilling end effector geometric modeling, etc. Combined with the end effector design example, the effectiveness of this method is verified.
Research on the Design and Path Planning of Child-mother UAV System for Search Task
Authors: Cai Wenyanhong , Ye Zecong , Zeng Jun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
UAVs are suitable for performing Dull, Dirty and Dangerous tasks due to their small size, strong flexibility and good concealment. The search task is one of the most typical tasks of drones. However, due to the limitation of technology and cost, the existing UAVs usually have one or more restrictions on flight time, flexibility and versatility. This creates certain restrictions for UAVs to perform different types of search tasks in different situations. In order to improve this situation, this paper proposes a search task-oriented unmanned aerial vehicle system, and designs the workflow to adapt to different types of search tasks. And according to the characteristics of the task, different types of path planning methods are designed for the mother UAV and sub-UAV respectively in order to improve the autonomy of the system. Finally, simulation experiments are carried out on MATLAB software to verify the effectiveness of these two methods, and the conclusion and the next work of the system are given.