bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geodiversity and Geotourism in the Krayan Highlands: Exploring Connate Water Salt Formation and Sustainable Development Opportunities
Authors: Sapari Dwi Hadian Mohamad , Nursiyam Barkah Mochmad , Yandri Sunarie Cecep , Fahlevi Setiawan Iwan , Krishna Yuliawati Ayu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Krayan Plateau in North Kalimantan has an unique geological wealth and high scientific value, which offer the potential study for its geodiversity. The purpose of the study is to identify the process of salt formation from connate water that has been going on for millions of years in the Krayan Highlands as well as identify the geodiversity potential that can be developed into a geotourism destination. The study uses descriptive-analytical methods with phenomenological approaches and field studies, including observations, and literature studies, to collect and qualify geological data. The main results of the study showed that the salt formation process in the Krayan Plateau involved the evaporation of connate water which eventually crystallized into salt. In addition, it was found that eight major geodiversities in the Krayan Region as well as 16 types of geosites in 10 geological frameworks in the Krayan and Sangkulirang- Mangkarang regions have great potential to be developed into geotourism destinations and can support those regions as geopark candidate in Kalimantan. In conclusion, the Krayan and Sangkulirang-Mangkarang areas have high scientific, aesthetic, and conservation value, and require appropriate conservation efforts to maintain their sustainability. The contribution of this research is to support sustainable development through geoconservation and geotourism development in the region.
Tracing Geological Stories: A Geotrail Study in Purwodadi Village, Tirtoyudo District, Malang Regency
Authors: Ketut Ari Pegatariana I , Susilo Adi , Aprilia Faridha , Hangga Triyo Eko Putro Bayu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purwodadi Village of the Tirtoyudo District, Malang Regency was recognized as one of the 75 recipients of the Indonesian Tourism Village Award (ADWI) in 2023. To identify tourism potential in this area, it is an important to develop geology-based tourism, or geotourism. The study area is located in the Southern Mountain Zone, which mainly consists of the Old Andesite Formation (OAF), Paleogene to Neogene Period in ages. The OAF has a unique features and diverse composition of geological elements, as well as their geological history. However, they were undergone erosion, making them vulnerable to degradation. The diverse geological features of the region provide a unique chance to establish geotrails, which could become a significant attraction for geotourism. Therefore, the aim of this research is to characterize and assess geosites and geotrails in Purwodadi Village. The methodology were followed the Technical Standards for Geological Diversity Inventory and Geological Heritage Identification issued by the Geological Agency in 2017, along with a 4A tourism development analysis (Attraction, Accessibility, Amenities, Ancillary) to evaluate key aspects that influence the attractiveness and success of a geotourism destination. The results indicate that nine geosites have been identified with moderate to outstanding values, namely, Watu Kuning, Kedung Paimo, Lenggoksono Beach, Banyu Anjlok, Kletakan Cove, Bolu-Bolu Beach, Wedi Putih Beach, Wedi Awu Beach, and Lowo Cave. The main theme of geotrails in Purwodadi Village is Ancient Volcanic Traces of The Old Andesite Formation, with divided into three routes, northern route, western route, and eastern route. This finding provide valuable insights for the sustainable management of geotrails, focusing on the development of geotourism and the conservation of geological heritage in Purwodadi Village and its surroundings.
Jagoan : Transportation Digitalization Innovation Through Application-Based Geotrail Development to Creat a Tourism Center of Excellent in the Geopark of Pasuruan Distric
Authors: Yudhi Koswara, ST., MT. Arwi , Aulya Zahra Shauma , Kartika Audya Rachma Dina , Bernadetha Munthe Sarida , Avelia Tifani Disi , Fatmala Ella , Firda Novianti Nazilla , Hanuf Puspitasari Al , Rizqiina Putri Hidayat Thabita 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Bromo Tengger Semeru Geopark is one of the well-known tourist destinations included in the National Tourism Strategic Area in Pasuruan Regency. As for the Regional Medium-term Development Plan of East Java Province 2019-2024, the Bromo Tengger Semeru Geopark is included in the priority program for developing the National Tourism Strategic Area through increasing geotrail site connectivity and developing a tourism center of excellence. However, the implementation of this program has not been well integrated due to limited access to information and transportation regarding tourist variations gate, and alternative transportation routes. This makes tourists only focus on Mount Bromo caldera tourism, resulting in fewer visitation to geo-site tourist destinations, biodiversity tourism, and cultural tourism around aspiring national geopark. For this reason, it would be beneficial if tourists could access and obtain information regarding all variations of geopark tourism destination in one mobile application called JAGOAN. This application provides a tour package selection feature along with travel schedules, and alternative transportation routes (geotrail) which are integrated with google map directions, booking and reservations, geopark events, weather conditions, and other important information in real-time. The scenarios for tourist visits in the National Tourism Strategic Area and geo-trails were analyzed using scoring and network analysis methods. Meanwhile, making an application prototype involves the process of feature planning, creating user flow, sketching lofi, creating digital designs, and prototyping. It is hoped that the results of the analysis of determining geotrail routes and developing application-based tourism will make it easier for tourists to obtain information so that they can increase tourist visits to support the realization of a tourism center of excellence in the Bromo Tengger Semeru Aspiring Geopark, Pasuruan Regency.
Geological Disaster Hazard Mapping Based on Geoheritage: A Case Study of the Batur UNESCO Global Geopark
Authors: Bagus Oka Agastya Ida , Diyan Diwyastra Putu , Hespiantoro Suryo , Ariana Dewa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Batur UNESCO Global Geopark, as the first UNESCO geopark in Indonesia, has been established for 12 years. However, throughout its journey, the area still faces various challenges, particularly in disaster risk reduction efforts. As a geopark focused on active volcanoes, Batur UGGp is not only confronted with the potential hazards of geological disasters such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and landslides but also with the risk of degradation of geoheritage due to these disasters. Nonetheless, the area also holds significant potential as a promising tourist destination in Indonesia. To strengthen disaster risk reduction efforts in the geopark area, in-depth research on geoheritage and its relationship with geological disaster hazards is essential. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method, applying geoheritage assessments from the Geological Agency and creating hazard maps for geosites in Batur UGGp using QuantumGIS. The analysis of 21 geosites in Batur UGGp reveals that volcanic eruptions are the dominant disaster threat, with 15 geosites located in high-risk zone I, while the remaining are in risk zones II and III. Additionally, earthquakes also pose a potential threat to each geosite, although with relatively low frequency. The third threat is landslides, with at least 7 geosites identified as having potential landslide risks, with 44 recorded incidents between 2018 and 2023. From the geoheritage assessments conducted, indicators of scientific value and degradation of geoheritage can be used to obtain information about past disaster events as well as potential future disasters. This research also demonstrates that geoheritage can serve as an indicator or medium for understanding geological disasters.
Evaluation of Geohazard Mitigation at Mount Rinjani Post-2018 Earthquake
Authors: Ang Meliawati , Zubaidah Teti , Muhajirah  , Bagus Oka Agastya Ida 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Mount Rinjani is an active volcano located in the Rinjani-Lombok UNESCO Global Geopark area. The Caldera of Samalas, formed by the Old Rinjani/ Samalas eruption in 1257, is the most important geoheritage of Rinjani-Lombok Geopark. To reach the Caldera of Samalas geosite, people have to climb Mount Rinjani through one of six trekking trails. The Rinjani-Lombok Geopark is located on a small island that is vulnerable to natural disasters and geohazards such as earthquakes. As a result, disaster risk must be considered when developing tourism in the area. In 2018, the Lombok earthquake had a significant impact on trekking activities. More than 1000 trekkers were trapped inside Mount Rinjani. The earthquake triggered a coseismic landslide, damaged the trekking trail and caused the trekking activities to be closed for a year. Rinjani, on the other hand, has received the most foreign tourist visits of any volcano in Indonesia. Mount Rinjani National Park data over the past five years reveals an increase in tourists, indicating the need for a security system particularly disaster mitigation in tourism operations. This study was conducted to determine changes in disaster mitigation operations following the 2018 earthquake. The method used was an in-depth interview with Mount Rinjani National Park Office and Trekking tourism business actors, followed by image analysis that took into account geological condition, topography, rainfall and earthquake intensity. The study found that the impact of the earthquake, particularly coseismic landslides, was closely tied to geological conditions, topography and hydorological factors. In terms of disaster mitigation, Mount Rinjani National Park has made improvements in trekking registration and visitor data, but structural and non-structural trekking safety have to be improved by increasing the capacity of mountain guide and porter teams, as well as implementing a safety induction program before starting the trek.
Morphometric Characteristics of the Wairuhu River Watershed in Quaternary, Late Cenozoic, and Mesozoic Aged Rocks in the Framework of Encouraging Aspiring Geoparks in Ambon City, Maluku Province
Authors: Tuanany N K , Sukiyah E , Muslim G O , Muslim D , Fikri N H , Cahya B Y 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Maluku Province is one of Indonesia’s eastern regions consisting of islands. This province does not yet have a geopark recognized nationally or internationally, although there are many things that have the potential to be developed. This is due to the fact that there is still little research and scientific publications that support the development of Geopark. Research using a quantitative approach in the Wairuhu Watershed was conducted to reveal the watershed morphometric response to the constituent materials, namely rocks from the Mesozoic to Quaternary ages. Eight sub-watersheds were used as the units of analysis. The aspects of watershed morphometric studied included sub-watershed dimensions, linear morphometric, and areal morphometric. The results of the analysis of the sub-watershed dimensions show that the largest sub-watershed size is mostly based on Mesozoic rocks with an area of 3.52 sq.km. The bifurcation ratio (Rb) value shows that rivers flowing in areas composed of late Cenozoic rocks are controlled by tectonic. Meanwhile, river development in younger and older rocks tends to be controlled by exogenous processes. The drainage density (Dd) values show that late Cenozoic rocks have high permeability compared to others. This is due to the physical properties of the rocks that make up volcanic breccia and tuff that have been deformed due to tectonic roles. The results of this study are expected to complement the scientific aspects that are one of the requirements for submitting a geopark assessment.
Ujung Kulon Geopark Branding Digitalization Strategy in Achieve SDGs.
Authors: Ali Murtadha Hasan , Zul Fanani Robi , Lazuardi Andi , Bioldy Ersal , Sartika Forestya , Permatasari Yulinda S. , Jamilah Mihardja Eli , Sukmawati Rosi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Ujung Kulon geopark area has various potentials that can be a special attraction in fostering public interest. However, even though this geopark has a lot of potential, it is a challenge if the Ujung Kulon geopark wants to look attractive to be visited by the wider community, in addition to being intended to fulfill the goal of achieving the SDGs. This certainly requires more attractive and informative branding and marketing in order to foster a greater sense of interest in the community. This article explores the questions ‘how’ and ‘why’ digitalization strategies need to be implemented in developing this geopark, especially in order to achieve the SDGs goals. This study uses a case study method. Data was collected through literature studies, interviews, and observations during June-July 2024 and analyzed using Digital Communication concepts. The results of the study show various potentials that can be developed as programs to achieve the fulfillment of the SDGs goals.
Adsorption performance of biochar from exhausted coffee husk (ECH) under various carbonization parameters on copper (II) ion in aqueous solution
Authors: Puari A T , Rusnam R , Yanti N R , Shukor M Y 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Biochar derived from agro industrial waste is being recognized as a promising green adsorbent owing to its abundant availability and cost-effective production. This investigation focused on assessing the adsorption capacity of biochar derived from exhausted coffee husk (ECH) towards copper (II) ions (Cu2+). The study analyzed the impact of carbonization parameters—specifically temperature (300, 400, 500, 600°C), residence time (30, 60, 120 minutes), and heating rate (5, 10, 15°C/min)—on Cu2+ removal at varying biochar dosages (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1 g). The results revealed distinct adsorption behavior in relation to changes in carbonization temperature, residence time, heating rate, and biochar dosage. Notably, a carbonization temperature of 600°C demonstrated the highest removal efficiency, reaching 92%. Additionally, the surface properties of the ECH biochar were characterized using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, while the surface morphology at different carbonization temperatures was observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). These analyses highlighted the significant influence of carbonization temperature on the surface area of ECH biochar.
Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties and Nutrient Composition of Chicken Feather Vermicompost for Sustainable Waste Management System
Authors: Shahiful Hizam NS , Omar NF , Sabri NF , Samsuddin NZ , Zainol Abidin MA 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Recently, chicken consumption per capita in Malaysia is over 48 kg/year generating a significant number of wastes, especially chicken feathers and leading to pollution if left untreated. About 90% of keratin in chicken feathers is difficult to degrade. The purpose of this study is to accelerate the decomposition of chicken waste and determine the effect of different rates of substrate and composting agents on physicochemical properties and nutrients availability of vermicompost. Hence, this study is conducted to decompose the feathers through vermicomposting with the combination of earthworm and feather degrading bacteria. A total of 8 formulated chicken feather vermicompost with different rates of substrate (chicken feathers, chicken dung, mushroom media residue, and banana trunk) and single or combination presence of composting agent (earthworm and bacteria) were prepared. The physicochemical properties (electrical conductivity and pH value), biodegradability coefficient, and nutrient content of chicken feather vermicompost were collected on the final day of composting. The physicochemical properties result shows a constant optimal value for decomposing and microbial growth. The results show that different rate of substrate affects the nutrient content of the vermicompost after complete composting. The overall finding shows that T3 (MMR:BT:CD:CF=6:1:1.5:1.5), which had a lower rate of chicken feather with the presence of both composting agent has the highest percentage of nutrient content.
Spent Hen Meatballs Rendang’s Chemical Characteristics
Authors: Holinesti Rahmi , Faridah Anni , Rahimul Insan Ranggi , Mustika Sari , Tasrif Nabila 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Rendang is a traditional ready-to-eat dish from Minangkabau, West Sumatra, typically made from beef, coconut milk, and various spices. Over time, its ingredients have diversified to include fish, seafood, and poultry, such as spent hen, which poses challenges due to its fishy aroma and tough texture. To improve its usability, spent hen meat can be restructured into meatballs by refining the meat and adding spices. This study investigates the chemical properties of both wet and dry rendang made from spent hen meatballs. Laboratory analyses were conducted to determine moisture, ash, fat, and protein content. The data were analyzed using the Paired T-test in SPSS 22. The results indicate that the cooking process significantly impacted moisture (p=0.0001), ash (p=0.0001), fat (p=0.0001), and protein levels (p=0.014), all with p-values below 0.05. These findings highlight that wet and dry rendang prepared from spent hen meatballs can serve as a lower-fat alternative to traditional rendang, while maintaining a high protein content. This research offers insights into the development of healthier rendang options that still meet nutritional needs.
Strategies for Oil Palm Smallholders to Improve Their Livelihood: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Jugah Remie , Wan Yusuf Sharifah , Rahman Saili Abdul , Adham Che Ruzlan Kamalul , Sapak Zaiton , Badriyah Kamarul Zaman Nur , Hazwani Mohammad Azam Nur , Jugah Ivy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Oil palm is widely cultivated for its high yield of edible oil. While Malaysia is known for large-scale oil palm production, Sarawak stands out for its numerous smallholder plantations. In this region, smallholders play a vital role in both subsistence farming and cash crop agriculture, though they face challenges in maintaining productivity and improving livelihoods. This study investigates the strategies oil palm smallholders in Sarawak, Malaysia, use to enhance their livelihoods. A qualitative approach was employed, using semi-structured interviews with fifteen smallholders in Sri Aman, Sarawak, selected through snowball sampling. Thematic analysis identified key strategies adopted by these farmers. Findings show that smallholders improve their livelihoods through replanting, crop diversification, engaging in additional farming activities, and seeking support from relevant authorities and organizations. These strategies help smallholders sustain plantation performance despite challenges. This study provides important insights into how smallholders navigate the oil palm sector, emphasizing the need for targeted support to bolster their livelihoods and the overall sustainability of small-scale plantations.
Enhanced ammonia gas sensing properties in porous multiwalled carbon nanotubes decorated with metal nanoparticles: the impact of concentration of Mn
Authors: Aalam Shah Masheerul , Sarvar Mohd , Sadiq Mohd , Bhat Mohd Nadeem , Tomar Monika , Ali Javid 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this work, the fabrication and comparison of distinct types of multi-walled carbon nanotube-based gas sensing devices on N type (100) silicon substrates for the detection of low ammonia concentrations are reported. Every measurement was made at room temperature. The whole process was tested at 10 ppm of ammonia gas. We have noticed the characteristics of fast response/recovery time (1–9 s) in pristine and (1–5 s) in Manganese metal (Mn) nanoparticles (99.99% purity) decorated MWCNT. The high-quality sensor response of roughly 82% has been found in pristine,177% in 2 min decorated, 73% in 4 min decorated and 130% in 6 min decorated respectively. The sensitivity of the as prepared samples comes to be 14% for the pristine, 35%, 37%, and 43% for rest of the sensors on percentage bases respectively. 75%–85% recovery was attained based on the obtained sensor response graph. The stability was also measured for a period of 7 days at constant concentration. A Keithley 6514 source meter was used for the resistance variation measurements. FESEM (Gemini 500), Raman spectroscopy (Renishaw), XRD, EDS and FTIR have been used to examine the different morphologies of the as prepared materials.
Berberine nanostructured lipid carriers by ultrasonication technique: initial study for skin and oral administration
Authors: Nguyen Van Hong , Nguyen Mai Chau Ngoc , Nguyen Huyen Thi Trang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Berberine (BBR), a natural bioactive ingredient from Eastern nations, has low solubility and permeability that limits its applications. Hence, berberine nanostructured lipid carriers (BBR-NLCs) were fabricated to improve the drug therapeutic effectiveness. Glycerol monostearate, stearic acid and oleic acid were chosen for lipid base whereas Pluronic F127, Span 80, and Transcutol-P were used as the surfactant and co-surfactant. BBR-NLCs had an average particle size of 82 nm, zeta potential of −32 mV, and narrow size distribution (PDI approximately 0.2), prepared with probe ultrasonication at 490 W in 15 min. In addition, BBR-NLCs prepared at optimized conditions showed around 92% of encapsulation efficiency with drug loading over 5.5%. NLCs presented sustained released through mouse skin, dialysis membrane in Franz cell model, and oral dissolution test, compared with free drug over 24 h. Moreover, blank NLCs even increased the cell viability of HaCaT and HEK293T cells at lower concentrations. NLCs significantly enabled higher interactive BBR quantity with investigated cells. Therefore, BBR-NLCs could be considered as a potential nanocarrier for improved bioavailability of this therapeutic agent.
Emerging materials in photonics applications
Authors: Tan Sin Jin , Harun Sulaiman Wadi , Wang Yunzheng , Tiu Zian Cheak 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The revolutionary discovery of graphene in 2004 paved the way for a range of innovative materials, unlocking new possibilities in photonics engineering. The extraordinary properties of these emerging materials include high optical responsivity, broad optical wavelength operation, fast recovery, and strong nonlinearity. These properties have significantly advanced the field of photonics engineering, such as optical light sources, photodetectors, optical modulators, optical sensors, and other photonics applications. This focus issue is dedicated to highlight the latest research on the applications of emerging materials in photonics, which have contributed to industrial growth in photonics engineering. The papers collected for this issue explore a broad array of applications, addressing critical areas such as (a) optical light source (b) optical light detector (c) optical modulation (d) optical sensing and material characterization, and (e) optical limiter.