bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fit Alteration of Presintered Co‐Cr and Zirconia Multiple‐Unit Prostheses After Ceramic Layering
Authors: Daou Elie E. , Baba Nadim Z. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeThe fit alteration after ceramic layering of soft Cobalt‐Chromium (Co‐Cr) and zirconia is poorly documented. This study compared the marginal and internal fit of presintered Co‐Cr and zirconia three‐unit fixed dental prostheses before and after ceramic veneering.Materials and methodsCo‐Cr master model was prepared and duplicated 60 times to receive three‐unit fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). Sixty dies were prepared, scanned and assigned to 3 groups (n = 20/group), to receive the FDPs made of presintered Co‐Cr (CS), presintered zirconia (CZ) and cast Ni‐Cr (Wi). Each framework was seated on its specific cast. A replica technique was used for marginal and internal discrepancy measurements in mesiodistal and buccolingual planes. Frameworks were ceramic veneered. Results were compared before and after ceramic layering within each group. Data were analyzed using the Levene, t test, and ANOVA (α = 0.05).ResultsSignificant difference was found when gaps were compared within groups for CS and CZ but not for Wi. At the abutments level, significant difference was found for both premolars and molars in the buccolingual planes (p < 0.001). A multiple comparison between materials tested showed significant differences between presintered and cast Ni‐Cr. No significant difference was detected between CS and CZ (p = 1.000).ConclusionsAlthough ceramic layering increased the discrepancy for presintered Co‐Cr and zirconia, the marginal adaptation remained clinically acceptable.
Wear Resistance of 3D Printed and Prefabricated Denture Teeth Opposing Zirconia
Authors: Pham Diana M. , Gonzalez Maria D. , Ontiveros Joe C. , Kasper F. Kurtis , Frey Gary N. , Belles Donald M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the wear resistance of a recently developed three‐dimensional (3D) printed denture teeth resin compared to three commercially available prefabricated denture teeth.Materials and MethodsA total of 88 maxillary first molar denture teeth were evaluated: C (Classic; Dentsply Sirona, York, PA), DCL (SR Postaris DCL; Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), IPN (Portrait IPN; Dentsply Sirona, York, PA), and F (Denture Teeth A2 Resin 1 L; Formlabs, Somerville, MA). The 3D printed denture tooth specimens were fabricated from a methacrylate‐based photopolymerizing resin using stereolithography (SLA). Denture teeth were subjected to a three‐body wear test with a poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) abrasive slurry. A Leinfelder‐style four station wear apparatus with custom bullet‐shaped milled zirconia styli was utilized with a load force of 36–40 N at 1.7 Hz for 200,000 cycles. Maximum depth of wear was measured using a lab grade scanner and analyzing software program. Data were analyzed using a one‐way ANOVA followed by the Tukey's Multiple Comparisons post hoc test (α = 0.05).ResultsA statistically significant difference in depth of wear was found between denture tooth materials (p < 0.001). The mean vertical depth of wear for the 3D printed denture teeth (0.016 ± 0.010 mm) was statistically significantly less than the prefabricated denture teeth. The highly cross‐linked denture teeth, DCL (0.036 ± 0.011 mm) and IPN (0.035 ± 0.014 mm), exhibited statistically significantly less wear than the conventional acrylic denture teeth. The conventional acrylic denture teeth demonstrated the greatest wear (0.058 ± 0.014 mm). No significant difference in depth of wear was found between DCL and IPN (p > 0.001).ConclusionsDenture tooth material significantly influences the depth of wear. The 3D printed denture teeth demonstrated superior wear resistance compared to the commercially available prefabricated denture teeth when opposed to zirconia. Denture teeth fabricated with SLA technology may have a promising future in prosthetic dentistry.
Cardiovascular health behaviours of young adolescents: Results from the global school‐based student health survey
Authors: Qi Wanfu , Zhou Yanji , You Dingyun , Liu Jingjing , Li Lian , Xu Guodong , Hu Jingcen , Wang Shuyu , Xu Lei , Yang Delun , Liu Huina 
Published: January 2021

AimLevels of American Heart Association‐defined cardiovascular (CV) health behaviours have not been fully reported among young adolescents in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). We describe poor, intermediate and ideal levels of American Heart Association‐defined CV health behaviours among young adolescents in LMICs.MethodsWe categorised the levels of CV health behaviours (smoking, body mass index, physical activity and diet) as poor, intermediate, or ideal and calculated the prevalence of each level and the cumulative number of ideal CV health behaviours using the latest data from the global school‐based health survey during 2009–2015. The weighted prevalence and 95% confidential intervals were calculated for the whole sample and for sub‐groups stratified by gender and age. Pooled overall and regional estimates were calculated using a random‐effects model. This study included 153 759 young adolescents from 45 countries.ResultsOverall, 86.3% (95% confidence interval, 82.7–89.9), 80.1% (79.8–80.4), 15.4% (13.7–17.2) and 1.7% (1.1–2.2) of respondents reported ideal levels for smoking, body mass index, physical activity and a healthy diet score, respectively. Overall, 0.3% (0.2–0.4) of respondents had ‘four’ cumulative ideal CV health behaviours. This ‘percentage’ was lowest in the Americas (0.2%) and highest in Southeast Asia (0.5%).ConclusionsConsistently low proportions of young adolescents in LMICs met the ideal levels of physical activity and a healthy diet score or had ‘four’ ideal CV health behaviours. For this population, physical activity and a healthy dietary pattern should be strongly prioritised.
Predictors and outcomes of extubation failure in extremely preterm infants
Authors: Kidman Anna Madeline , Manley Brett J , Boland Rosemarie A , Davis Peter G , Bhatia Risha 
Published: January 2021

AimTo determine predictors and outcomes of extubation failure in extremely preterm (EP) infants born <28 weeks' gestational age (GA).MethodsRetrospective clinical audit across two tertiary‐level neonatal intensive care units in Melbourne, Australia. Two‐hundred and four EP infants who survived to their first extubation from mechanical ventilation. Extubation failure (re‐intubation) within 7 days after the first extubation.ResultsLower GA (odds ratio [OR] 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.61–0.89, P < 0.001) and higher pre‐extubation measured mean airway pressure (MAP) on the mechanical ventilator (OR 1.9 [95% CI 1.41–2.51], P < 0.001) predicted extubation failure. The area under a receiver operating characteristic curve for GA and MAP was 0.77 (95% CI 0.70–0.82). After adjustment for GA, infants who experienced extubation failure had higher rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P < 0.001), post‐natal systemic corticosteroid treatment (P < 0.001), airway trauma (P < 0.003), longer durations of treatment with mechanical ventilation (P < 0.001), non‐invasive respiratory support (P < 0.001), supplemental oxygen therapy (P = 0.05) and longer hospitalisation (P = 0.025).ConclusionsLower GA and higher pre‐extubation measured MAP were predictive of extubation failure within 7 days in extremely preterm infants. Extubation failure was associated with increased morbidity and extended periods of respiratory support and hospitalisation.
Outcome of Chinese patients with hepatitis B at 96 weeks after functional cure with IFN versus combination regimens
Authors: Pan Calvin Q. , Li Ming‐Hui , Yi Wei , Zhang Lu , Lu Yao , Hao Hong‐Xiao , Wan Gang , Cao Wei‐Hua , Wang Xing‐Yue , Ran Chong‐Ping , Shen Ge , Wu Shu‐Ling , Chang Min , Gao Yuan‐Jiao , Xie Yao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground & AimsNucleotides with add‐on interferon treatment (NUC‐IFN) provide significantly higher rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aimed to investigate the sustainability of HBsAg loss and the prevention of clinical relapse.MethodsPatients with CHB who achieved HBsAg loss and HBV DNA levels <20 IU/ml after IFN or NUC‐IFN therapy were enrolled and followed up for 96 weeks. The primary outcome was HBsAg negativity without viremia at week 96. Secondary outcomes included virological or clinical relapse and predictors of relapse.Results420 patients were included in intention‐to‐treat analysis with 290 and 130 in the IFN and NUC‐IFN groups respectively. At week 96, the intention‐to‐treat analysis revealed similar outcomes between groups, including HBsAg seroreversion (24.83% vs. 23.08%, P = .70), viremia (16.90% vs 13.08%, P = .32) and clinical relapse (11.38% vs 10.00%, P = .68); the per‐protocol analyses also showed HBsAg seroreversion, viremia and clinical relapse in IFN group (15.50%, 6.59% and 0.39%) did not differ from those in NUC‐IFN group (15.25%, 4.24% and 0.85%, P > .05). These outcomes were similar between patients who received entecavir and those who received telbivudine/lamivudine/adefovir before the combination therapy. In NUC‐IFN‐treated patients, fibrosis regression was observed at week 96. Baseline HBsAb negativity was independent predictors of HBsAg sero‐reversion and recurrence of viremia in IFN treated group.ConclusionNUC‐IFN and IFN therapies are equally effective in achieving sustained functional cure and fibrosis regression. (ClinicalTrials.gov, Number NCT02336399).
Over‐education in Cyprus: Micro and macro determinants, persistence and state dependence. A dynamic panel analysis
Authors: Charalambidou Christiana , McIntosh Steven 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe use longitudinal panel data from the EU‐SILC for the period 2005–2011 to examine the micro and macro determinants, persistence and dynamics of over‐education. The key contribution in terms of the determinants of over‐education is the inclusion of macro‐level explanatory variables to control for both aggregate supply and aggregate demand labor market conditions. Their effects are found to be strongly significant and to have the expected sign. The article also disentangles the effect of past over‐education experience on the likelihood of current over‐education. Results demonstrate that over‐education is not only a long‐run phenomenon for many workers but also that current over‐education is largely due to past circumstances of the individual with this state dependence present at all career stages.
Guilt, shame, and postpartum infant feeding outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Jackson Leanne , De Pascalis Leonardo , Harrold Jo , Fallon Victoria 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNegative maternal affect (e.g., depression and anxiety) has been associated with shorter breastfeeding duration and poorer breastfeeding intention, initiation, and exclusivity. Other affective states, including guilt and shame, have been linked with formula feeding practice, though existing literature has yet to be synthesised. A narrative synthesis of quantitative data and a framework synthesis of qualitative and quantitative data were conducted to explore guilt and/or shame in relation to infant feeding outcomes. Searches were conducted on the DISCOVER database between December 2017 and March 2018. The search strategy was rerun in February 2020, together yielding 467 studies. The study selection process identified 20 articles, published between 1997 and 2017. Quantitative results demonstrated formula feeders experienced guilt more commonly than breastfeeding mothers. Formula feeders experienced external guilt most commonly associated with healthcare professionals, whereas breastfeeding mothers experienced guilt most commonly associated with peers and family. No quantitative literature examined shame in relation to infant feeding outcomes, warranting future research. The framework synthesis generated four distinct themes which explored guilt and/or shame in relation to infant feeding outcomes: ‘underprepared and ineffectively supported’, ‘morality and perceived judgement’ (breastfeeding), ‘frustration with infant feeding care’ and ‘failures, fears and forbidden practice’ (formula feeding). Both guilt and shame were associated with self‐perception as a bad mother and poorer maternal mental health. Guilt and shame experiences were qualitatively different in terms of sources and outcomes, dependent on infant feeding method. Suggestions for tailored care to minimise guilt and shame, while supporting breastfeeding, are provided.
Post‐treatment with yiqifumai injection and its main ingredients attenuates lipopolysaccharide‐induced microvascular disturbance in mesentery and ileum
Authors: Ayididaer Ayan , Sun Kai , Pan Chun‐Shui , Yan Li , Liu Yu‐Ying , Li Dan‐Tong , Fan Jing‐Yu , Han Jing‐Yan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Yiqifumai injection (YQFM), a compound Chinese medicine, and its main active ingredients on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced microvascular disturbance in mesentery and ileum.MethodsRats were infused with LPS (5 mg/kg/h) for 90 min. Thirty minutes after initiation of LPS administration, YQFM (160 mg/kg/h), Rb1 (5 mg/kg/h), Sch (2.5 mg/kg/h), or Rb1+Sch (5 mg/kg/h + 2.5 mg/kg/h) was infused until 90 min. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were incubated with LPS (100 ng/ml) for 90 min. YQFM (1 mg/ml), Rb1 (100 µM), Sch (100 µM), or Rb1+Sch (200 µM) was added 30 min after initiation of LPS stimulation.ResultsYiqifumai injection and Rb1+Sch inhibited mesenteric venule hyperpermeability, suppressed microvillar erosion and submucosal edema, and protected claudin‐5 from downregulation and interleukin‐1β from upregulation in ileal tissues after LPS. Study in HUVECs confirmed the effect of YQFM and Rb1+Sch on JAM‐1 after LPS and revealed a similar effect on other junction proteins. Moreover, YQFM and Rb1+Sch attenuated the dysfunctional energy metabolism and the activation of TLR‐4/Src/NF‐κB signaling with Rb1 and Sch being partially effective.ConclusionThese results demonstrated the beneficial effect of post‐treatment with YQFM, which is attributable to its main ingredient Rb1 and Sch, and likely mediated by targeting TLR‐4/Src/NF‐κB signaling pathway.
Periodontitis is a factor associated with dyslipidemia
Authors: Gomes‐Filho Isaac Suzart , Oliveira Michelle Teixeira , Cruz Simone Seixas da , Cerqueira Eneida de Moraes Marcílio , Trindade Soraya Castro , Vieira Graciete Oliveira , Couto Souza Paulo Henrique , Adan Luis Fernando Fernandes , Hintz Alexandre Marcelo , Passos‐Soares Johelle de Santana , Scannapieco Frank Andrew , Loomer Peter Michael , Seymour Gregory John , Figueiredo Ana Claudia Morais Godoy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between the severity of periodontitis (exposure) and dyslipidemia (outcome).MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of users of public health services. Periodontitis was defined using the Center for Disease Prevention and Control and the American Academy of Periodontology criteria. Lipid evaluation used data on systemic biomarkers. Dyslipidemia diagnosis was based on the Guidelines of total cardiovascular risk of the World Health Organization. Weight, height, waist circumference, and blood pressure were measured, and socioeconomic–demographic, lifestyle behavior factors, general and oral health conditions of the participants were collected. Hierarchical and logistic regression analyzes were used to determine the association between the exposures and the outcome. Odds Ratios, unadjusted and adjusted, and 95% confidence intervals were estimated.ResultsOf 1,011 individuals examined, 75.17% had dyslipidemia, and 84.17% had periodontitis, 0.2% with mild, 48.56% moderate, and 35.41% severe disease. The association between periodontitis and dyslipidemia was maintained through hierarchical analysis and in the multiple regression modeling, showing that the occurrences of dyslipidemia in the group with periodontitis, and its moderate and severe levels, were, respectively, 14%, 30%, and 16% higher compared with those without periodontitis.ConclusionsThe results showed a positive association between moderate and severe periodontitis and dyslipidemia.
Effects of ibuprofen administration timing on oral surgery pain: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: La Monaca Gerardo , Pranno Nicola , Annibali Susanna , Polimeni Antonella , Pompa Giorgio , Cristalli Maria Paola 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the analgesic effect of ibuprofen 400 mg given 30 min before or immediately after third molars surgery under local anaesthesia.Materials and MethodsThe single‐centre, randomized, split‐mouth, triple‐blind, clinical trial involved 38 outpatients, for a total of 76 bilateral symmetrical fully bone impacted mandibular third molars. Each patient was undergone to separate surgical sessions for the right and left side, and ibuprofen was randomly administered 30 min before or immediately after the intervention. Study participants recorded pain intensity using Numerical Rating Scale‐11, the timing of rescue therapy intake and overall tablets consumption over 3 days.ResultsThe overall pain intensity score was lower in the group receiving ibuprofen immediately after (3.13 ± 2.46) than before (3.58 ± 2.40) surgery, with statistically significant differences only on the second and third days. The mean time to the first using rescue therapy was longer in the postoperative (598.33 ± 422.62 min) than in the preoperative (406.25 ± 149.79 min) analgesic treatment group (p = .123). The number of supplemented ibuprofen tablets did not differ (p = .530) between both groups.ConclusionsWithin the limits of the present study, ibuprofen administration immediately after surgery seemed to be more effective than preoperative administration.
Motion perception at mesopic light levels: effects of physiological ageing and eccentricity
Authors: Sepulveda Juan A. , Anderson Andrew J. , Wood Joanne M. , McKendrick Allison M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeTo explore the differential effects of age and eccentricity on the perception of motion at photopic and mesopic light levels.MethodsThirty‐six visually normal participants (18 younger; mean age 25 years, range: 20–31) and (18 older; mean age 70 years, range: 60–79) underwent two testing sessions, one at photopic and one at mesopic light levels. In each session, motion perception was tested binocularly at two eccentricities (centrally, and peripherally at 15° rightwards and 5° superior to the horizontal) for four motion tasks: minimum contrast of a drifting Gabor to identify motion direction (motion contrast); translational global motion coherence; biological motion embedded in noise and the minimum duration of a high‐contrast Gabor to determine the direction of motion, using two Gabor sizes to measure spatial surround suppression of motion.ResultsThere was a significant main effect of light condition (higher thresholds in mesopic) for motion contrast (p < 0.001), translational global motion (p = 0.001) and biological motion (p < 0.001); a significant main effect of age (higher thresholds in older adults) for motion contrast (p < 0.001) and biological motion (p = 0.04) and a significant main effect of eccentricity (higher thresholds peripherally) for motion contrast (p < 0.001) and biological motion (p < 0.001). Additionally, we found a significant three‐way interaction between light levels, age and eccentricity for translational global motion (similar increase in mesopic thresholds centrally for both groups, but a much larger deterioration in older adult’s peripheral mesopic thresholds, p = 0.02). Finally, we found a two‐way interaction between light condition and eccentricity for translational global motion (higher values in central mesopic relative to peripheral photopic, p = 0.001) and for biological motion (higher values in peripheral mesopic relative to central photopic, p < 0.001).ConclusionsFor the majority of tasks assessed, motion perception was reduced in mesopic relative to photopic conditions, to a similar extent in both age groups. However, because some older adults exhibited elevated thresholds even under photopic conditions, particularly in the periphery, the ability to detect mesopic moving stimuli even at high contrast was markedly impaired in some individuals. Our results imply age‐related differences in the detection of peripheral moving stimuli at night that might impact hazard avoidance and night driving ability.
Pediatric melanoma in the Hispanic population: An analysis of institutional and national data
Authors: Kim Dong Joo , Yuan Tze‐An , Chen Pin‐Chun , Liu‐Smith Feng , Koh Stephen Seongeun , Mesinkovska Natasha Atanaskova , Sarpa Hege Grande 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesPediatric melanoma is rare and remains poorly characterized, especially in racial/ethnic minorities of whom Hispanics are the largest and fastest growing in the United States. The health care burden of melanoma in Hispanics, who often present with more advanced disease, is rising and has even been called an early epidemic in California. We sought to document key clinicopathologic features of melanoma in Hispanic pediatric patients and to compare these parameters to pediatric non‐Hispanic whites (NHWs) under the a priori hypothesis that Spitzoid melanomas occur in greater proportions in Hispanics.MethodsSingle‐institution cross‐sectional study of pediatric melanoma cases (age < 20 years) with Hispanic stratification and comparison with matched Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data from the same time frame (1988‐2016).ResultsOf our 61 institutional cases of pediatric melanoma, Hispanics (11), compared with NHWs (40), presented significantly younger (11.7 years, 95% CI: 2.77‐8.00 years; P = .001), with lower limb predominance (46%; P < .05), mostly Spitzoid melanomas (82%; P < .05), and thicker tumors (2.34 mm, CI: 0.26‐2.19 mm; P < .05). Similarly, SEER data (2499 cases) showed greater proportions of childhood/pre‐pubertal adolescent melanomas (<15 years), lower limb involvement, Spitzoid subtype (36.5% vs 22.5% in NHWs; P = .001), and advanced (regional/distant) disease stages in Hispanics (212) compared with NHWs (2197).ConclusionsPediatric melanomas may present differently in Hispanics, and heightened awareness/lower threshold to biopsy high‐risk Spitzoid tumors on the lower limb may be warranted. Further investigations are needed to aid prevention and early detection in a vulnerable minority population less likely to seek outpatient dermatology specialty care.
Fast and Frugal: Information Processing Related to The Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Wong Jody Chin Sing , Yang Janet Zheng , Liu Zhuling , Lee David , Yue Zhiying 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis research focuses on three factors that influence how individuals cognitively process information related to the coronavirus outbreak. Guided by dual‐process theories of information processing, we establish how the two different information processing modes (system 1: heuristic processing; system 2: systematic processing) are influenced by individuals’ responsibility attribution, discrete negative emotions, and risk perception. In an experiment, participants were exposed to a news article that either blames China (n = 445) or does not blame China (n = 498) for the pandemic. Results reveal that exposure to the responsibility attribution frame led individuals to engage in more heuristic processing, but it did not influence systematic processing. Discrete negative emotions and risk perception mediated the relationship between responsibility attribution and information processing. The indirect relationships suggest a more intricate process underlying heuristic processing and systematic processing. In particular, information processing styles seem to be determined by social judgment surrounding the coronavirus pandemic.