bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Batch biosorption studies of ammonical nitrogen (NH3-N) ions from aqueous solutions using the ubiquitous bacteria Klebsiella sp.: equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Alown Fadaa , Ameen Fuad , Vadiveloo Ashiwin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
The ubiquity of ammonical nitrogen (NH3-N) in aquatic habitats is a contradictory phenomenon since it serves a crucial function in maintaining these ecosystems, yet when levels are too high, they can have adverse effects on ecological balance and human welfare. An extensive set of batch tests were used in this study to see how well the bacterial species Klebsiella sp. broke down ammonical nitrogen (NH3-N).

Results
The research results established that Klebsiella sp. has a remarkable capacity to adapt to ammonical nitrogen concentrations of up to 125 mg/l over a long period of time. The adaptation process depends on several factors such as biomass abundance, ammonical nitrogen concentration, pH, and temperature. This study identified the optimal method for the absorption of ammonical nitrogen (NH3-N) from a solution at a concentration of 100 parts per million (ppm), achieving an efficiency of 89 ± 1.5% mg/g under specified conditions. At a pH of 6.5, the adsorbent dosage was 0.3 g in 50 milliliters of NH3-N at a temperature of 26 degrees C. We used an extensive range of analytical techniques, such as Scanning Electron Microscopy, Xray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, Transmission Electron Microscopy, and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, to confirm the accuracy of our results. The study also showed that the biosorption process closely followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir model, which propose that both physical and chemical processes were involved. The thermodynamic studies also showed that this process can happen on its own and can be used in industry.

Conclusion
This study emphasizes the great ability of Klebsiella sp. to reduce NH3-N, providing important knowledge for water quality management and aquatic ecosystem preservation.

Graphical Abstract
Guyton’s hemodynamic mosaic: crafting fluid management with precision
Authors: Passos Rogerio Da Hora , Pereira Silva Luciano Ribeiro , Urbano Andari Leonardo Van De Wiel Barros , Flato Uri Adrian Prync , Assunção Murillo Santucci Cesar , Corrêa Thiago Domingos 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSheldon Magder’s article on applying Arthur Guyton’s principles to clinical fluid management provides valuable insights into optimizing hemodynamics in critically ill patients. While emphasizing the role of right atrial pressure (RAP) in assessing cardiac output, challenges arise due to RAP’s variable accuracy and the oversimplification of cardiovascular dynamics. Integrating RAP with dynamic assessments and bedside ultrasound can enhance fluid management strategies. Future research should aim to improve RAP’s predictive accuracy and validate its clinical utility for individualized patient care.
Co-housing with Tibetan chickens improved the resistance of Arbor Acres chickens to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis infection by altering their gut microbiota composition
Authors: Zhang Qianyun , Zhu Qidong , Xiao Yunqi , Yu Qinghua , Shi Shourong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is a global foodborne pathogen that poses a significant threat to human health, with poultry being the primary reservoir host. Therefore, addressing S. Enteritidis infections in poultry is crucial to protect human health and the poultry industry. In this study, we investigated the effect of co-housing Arbor Acres (AA) chickens, a commercial breed susceptible to S. Enteritidis, with Tibetan chickens, a local breed resistant to S. Enteritidis infection, on the resistance of the latter to the pathogen.

Results
Ninety-six 1-day-old Tibetan chickens and 96 1-day-old AA chickens were divided into a Tibetan chicken housed alone group (n = 48), an AA chicken housed alone group (n = 48), and a co-housed group (48 birds from each breed for 2 cages). All birds were provided the same diet, and the experimental period lasted 14 d. At d 7, all chickens were infected with S. Enteritidis, and samples were collected at 1-, 3-, and 7-day-post-infection. We found that the body weight of AA chickens significantly increased when co-housed with Tibetan chickens at 1- and 3-day-post-infection (P < 0.05). In addition, the cecal S. Enteritidis load in AA chickens was significantly reduced at 1-, 3-, and 7-day-post-infection (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the inflammatory response in AA chickens decreased, as evidenced by the decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines NOS2, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-1β, and IFN-γ in their cecal tonsils (P < 0.05). Co-housing with Tibetan chickens significantly increased the height of villi and number of goblet cells (P < 0.05), as well as the expression of claudin-1 (P < 0.05), a tight junction protein, in the jejunum of AA chickens. Further analysis revealed that co-housing altered the gut microbiota composition in AA chickens; specifically, the relative abundances of harmful microbes, such as Intestinimonas, Oscillibacter, Tuzzerella, Anaerotruncus, Paludicola, and Anaerofilum were reduced (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that co-housing with Tibetan chickens enhanced the resistance of AA chickens to S. Enteritidis infection without compromising the resistance of Tibetan chickens. This study provides a novel approach for Salmonella control in practical poultry production.
Intelligent educational technologies in individual learning: a systematic literature review
Authors: Kerimbayev Nurassyl , Adamova Karlygash , Shadiev Rustam , Altinay Zehra 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis review was conducted in order to determine the specific role of intelligent technologies in the individual learning experience. The research work included consider articles published between 2014 and 2024, found in Web of Science, Scopus, and ERIC databases, and selected among 933 мarticles on the topic. Materials were checked for compliance with the criteria for headings, annotations and full texts and then further analyzed. The research study includes 38 review articles that were selected based on a rigorous evaluation and selection process in accordance with the PRISMA methodology and the AMSTAR2 critical assessment strategy. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the scope of application of intelligent technologies in individual education in research is diverse, and the results of articles on this topic are heterogeneous. The article identifies aspects of the effective use of intelligent technologies in education, emerging difficulties and limitations, as well as provides examples of successful implementation in various educational institutions. Although there are advantages to using smart technologies in education in general, we should not ignore what needs to be considered. On this point, the article presents the difficulties that arise when using intelligent technologies in education, and ways to prevent them.
Immunomodulatory insights of monoterpene glycosides in endometriosis: immune infiltration and target pathways analysis
Authors: Zhan Jin , Wu Jiajie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEndometriosis is a complex gynecological condition characterized by abnormal immune responses. This study aims to explore the immunomodulatory effects of monoterpene glycosides from Paeonia lactiflora on endometriosis. Using the ssGSEA algorithm, we assessed immune cell infiltration levels between normal and endometriosis groups. Key targets were identified through differential expression analysis of the GSE51981 dataset. Potential immunomodulatory targets of Paeonia lactiflora compounds were identified through Venn diagram analysis, followed by enrichment and machine learning analyses. A nomogram was developed for predicting endometriosis, while molecular docking explored compound-target interactions. Significant differences in immune cell infiltration were observed, with increased CD8 T cells, cytotoxic cells, and others in endometriosis. Differential expression analysis identified 43 potential targets. Enrichment analysis highlighted pathways involved in immune and inflammatory responses. Machine learning identified SSTR5, CASP3, FABP2, and SYK as critical targets, contributing to a nomogram that demonstrated good predictive performance for endometriosis risk. Molecular docking revealed strong interactions between Paeoniflorigenone and CASP3. Our findings suggest that monoterpene glycosides have therapeutic effects on endometriosis by modulating key immune-related targets and pathways, providing a basis for further investigation into Paeonia lactiflora’s potential as a treatment for this condition.
The populistisation of green politics and the greening of populism: an examination of environmental populism in Europe
Authors: Fu Cong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn the face of neoliberalism’s failure and the challenges posed by environmental issues, green politics has found itself at the intersection of populism and environmentalism. Environmental concerns have become integral to populist agendas, emerging as a new form and approach to green politics in Europe. This paper defines environmental populism as the integration of green ideas and associated behavioral patterns within populist ideology and provides a categorized analysis of five ideological types: far-left, left, center, right, and far-right. By analyzing the strategies through which environmental populism exploits structural opportunities within party competition and party systems, it is possible to identify the populistisation of green politics and the greening of populism at the left and right ends of the political spectrum respectively. This paper argues that environmental populism is characterized by a self-centered nature, which presents challenges such as the strengthening of nationalism, the fragmentation and contradiction within green politics, and the undermining of relevant governance mechanisms. However, it also opens opportunities for rethinking environmental democracy politically and cognitively, reassessing the ecological identity of the populace, and fostering a form of green cohesion that transcends narrow politics of “identity.” The populistised environmentalism entails an ongoing exploration of eco-socialism and ecological modernization.
Voxelwise characterization of noise for a clinical photon-counting CT scanner with a model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm
Authors: Masturzo Luigi , Barca Patrizio , De Masi Luca , Marfisi Daniela , Traino Antonio , Cademartiri Filippo , Giannelli Marco 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Photon-counting detector (PCD) technology has the potential to reduce noise in computed tomography (CT). This study aimed to carry out a voxelwise noise characterization for a clinical PCD-CT scanner with a model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm (QIR).

Methods
Forty repeated axial acquisitions (tube voltage 120 kV, tube load 200 mAs, slice thickness 0.4 mm) of a homogeneous water phantom and CTP404 module (Catphan-504) were performed. Water phantom acquisitions were also performed on a conventional energy-integrating detector (EID) scanner with a sinogram/image-based iterative reconstruction algorithm, using similar acquisition/reconstruction parameters. For smooth/sharp kernels, filtered back projection (FBP)- and iterative-reconstructed images were obtained. Noise maps, non-uniformity index (NUI) of noise maps, image noise histograms, and noise power spectrum (NPS) curves were computed.

Results
For FBP-reconstructed images of water phantom, mean noise was (smooth/sharp kernel) 11.7 HU/51.1 HU and 18.3 HU/80.1 HU for PCD-scanner and EID-scanner, respectively, with NUI values for PCD-scanner less than half those for EID-scanner. Percentage noise reduction increased with increasing iterative power, up to (smooth/sharp kernel) 57.7%/72.5% and 56.3%/70.1% for PCD-scanner and EID-scanner, respectively. For PCD-scanner, FBP- and QIR-reconstructed images featured an almost Gaussian distribution of noise values, whose shape did not appreciably vary with iterative power. Noise maps of CTP404 module showed increased NUI values with increasing iterative power, up to (smooth/sharp kernel) 15.7%/9.2%. QIR-reconstructed images showed limited low-frequency shift of NPS peak frequency.

Conclusion
PCD-CT allowed appreciably reducing image noise while improving its spatial uniformity. QIR algorithm decreases image noise without modifying its histogram distribution shape, and partly preserving noise texture.

Relevance statement
This phantom study corroborates the capability of photon-counting detector technology in appreciably reducing CT imaging noise and improving spatial uniformity of noise values, yielding a potential reduction of radiation exposure, though this needs to be assessed in more detail.

Key Points

First voxelwise characterization of noise for a clinical CT scanner with photon-counting detector technology.

Photon-counting detector technology has the capability to appreciably reduce CT imaging noise and improve spatial uniformity of noise values.

In photon-counting CT, a model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm (QIR) allows decreasing effectively image noise.

This is done without modifying noise histogram distribution shape, while limiting the low-frequency shift of noise power spectrum peak frequency.

Graphical Abstract
MIRAGE syndrome: a case report of de novo SAMD9 c.884del p.(Pro295GlnfsTer104) variant and a novel phenotype of pyloric stenosis
Authors: Assker Mohamad M. , Al Haidar Mahdia , Faris Marwan , Emara Ahmed , Al Abrach Yousef , Al Shehhi Maryam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
MIRAGE syndrome is a rare multisystem disorder characterized by myelodysplasia, infection, growth restriction, adrenal hypoplasia, genital phenotypes, and enteropathy, resulting from mutations in the SAMD9 gene. This syndrome is notably rare, with fewer than 60 documented cases globally. We present a unique case of an 8-month-old boy with MIRAGE syndrome exhibiting a previously unreported clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis, contributing to the expanding phenotypic spectrum of the disorder.

Case presentation
An 8-month-old boy who was born full-term with a birth weight of 3.8 kg presented with multiple infections, including urinary tract infection, pneumonia, and viral illnesses, requiring hospital admissions. At three months, he was diagnosed with pyloric stenosis following recurrent vomiting. Further complications included respiratory failure, developmental delay, and failure to thrive. Genetic testing identified a heterozygous SAMD9 mutation (c.884del, p.(Pro295GlnfsTer104)) and an X-linked pathogenic duplication affecting 21 genes. These findings confirmed the diagnosis of MIRAGE syndrome.

Conclusions
This case underscores the phenotypic diversity of MIRAGE syndrome, highlighting pyloric stenosis as a novel clinical feature. Early recognition and a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach are crucial for managing the syndrome's severe and varied manifestations. More research needs to be undertaken to further understand the genotypes of MIRAGE syndrome and its phenotypical manifestations.
Association Between Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Sarcopenia in US Adults From NHANES 2011-2018
Authors: Wang Pangbo , Huang Jing , Fang Hongwei , Jia Yong , Xu Liwei , Zhao Jun , Hu Rong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Context
Phthalates, widely used as chemical additives, are often found as mixtures in the environment. However, the combined impact of phthalate exposure on sarcopenia remains unclear.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the relationships between phthalates and sarcopenia in adults.

Methods
We analyzed data from 3536 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2011 and 2018.
Multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic splines (RCSs), weighted quantile sum regression (WQS), quantile-based g-computation (qgcomp), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were employed to assess the individual, nonlinear, and combined associations between phthalate metabolites and sarcopenia. In addition, subgroup analyses were performed to elucidate sex- and age-specific differences.

Results
Multivariable logistic regression revealed that monobutyl phthalate (MBP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), and mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) were positively associated with sarcopenia (P &lt; .05) after adjusting for several covariates, including age, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, marital status, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol drinking, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, physical activity, protein intake, and energy intake. MBP exhibited a nonlinear relationship with sarcopenia in the RCS model. Furthermore, mixed phthalate metabolites were associated with a higher risk of sarcopenia in the WQS and qgcomp models. The BKMR model indicated an increasing trend in sarcopenia risk. Subgroup analyses showed stronger associations among individuals aged 20-40 years. BKMR analyses also revealed potential interaction effects between mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate, mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate, MBP, and MEP on sarcopenia risk.

Conclusion
This study provides new evidence that co-exposure to phthalates might increase the risk of sarcopenia. Further research is needed to explore the causal relationship between phthalate metabolites and sarcopenia, as well as to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved.
Prostatic Escherichia coli infection drives CCR2-dependent recruitment of fibrocytes and collagen production
Authors: Scharpf Brandon R. , Ruetten Hannah , Sandhu Jaskiran , Wegner Kyle A. , Chandrashekar Sneha , Fox Olivia , Turco Anne E. , Cole Clara , Arendt Lisa M. , Strand Douglas W. , Vezina Chad M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Prostate fibrosis contributes to lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). To develop targeted treatments for prostate fibrosis, it is necessary to identify the cell types and molecular pathways required for collagen production. We used a genetic approach to label and track potential collagen-producing cell lineages in mouse prostate through a round of Escherichia coli UTI89-mediated prostate inflammation. E. coli increased collagen density and production in Gli1+, S100a4+, Lyz2+ and Cd2+ cell lineages, but not in Myh11+ or Srd5a2+ cell lineages, in the mouse prostate. Molecular phenotyping revealed GLI1+LYZ+S100A4+ cells (fibrocytes) in histologically inflamed human prostate. These fibrocytes colocalized with regions of increased collagen in men with LUTD. Fibrocyte recruitment and collagen synthesis was impaired in Ccr2 null mice but restored by allotransplantation of Rosa-GFP donor bone marrow-derived cells. These results suggest that bone marrow-derived fibrocytes are a mediator of prostatic collagen accumulation.
Biochemical and biophysical mechanisms macrophages use to tune phagocytic appetite
Authors: Bond Annalise , Morrissey Meghan A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Macrophages phagocytose, or eat, pathogens, dead cells and cancer cells. To activate phagocytosis, macrophages recognize ‘eat me’ signals like IgG and phosphatidylserine on the target cell surface. Macrophages must carefully adjust their phagocytic appetite to ignore non-specific or transient eat me signal exposure on healthy cells while still rapidly recognizing pathogens and debris. Depending on the context, macrophages can increase their appetite for phagocytosis, to prioritize an effective immune response, or decrease their appetite, to avoid damage to healthy tissue during homeostasis. In this Review, we discuss the biochemical and biophysical mechanisms that macrophages employ to increase or decrease their sensitivity or capacity for phagocytosis. We discuss evidence that macrophages tune their sensitivity via several mechanisms, including altering the balance of activating and inhibitory receptor expression, altering the availability of activating receptors, as well as influencing their clustering and mobility, and modulating inhibitory receptor location. We also highlight how membrane availability limits the capacity of macrophages for phagocytosis and discuss potential mechanisms to promote membrane recycling and increase phagocytic capacity. Overall, this Review highlights recent work detailing the molecular toolkit that macrophages use to alter their appetite.
Rural–Nonrural Disparities in Sports Medicine Access in Secondary School Athletics in Virginia
Authors: Thuesen Sean , Rogers Mark 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Sports play a major role in the secondary school experience, with injuries also being part of these experiences. Healthcare access is a complex topic impacted by where someone lives, among other social determinants of health. Using a survey sent to Virginia-based middle school and high school athletic directors and athletic trainers, this study investigated the differences in sports medicine access comparing rural and nonrural communities. Findings suggest rural communities in Virginia have less access to an athletic trainer during practices and competitions and have a greater length of time before an injured athlete is seen by a sports medicine specialist when follow-up care is required. Narrowing the gap in medical access between rural and nonrural communities is important for athlete's well-being and for building more equitable healthcare systems.
Equestrian Sports Safety: An Update on Safety Equipment and Event Medical Coverage
Authors: Gould Sara , Roy Ian R. , Gabriel Fernanda Dib , Lowe Rusty , Lin Cindy Y. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Equestrian sports are associated with high rates of major injury compared to collision and powered two-wheel sports. Advancements in rider and horse safety equipment and the implementation of comprehensive emergency action planning standards may help mitigate injuries, particularly in regard to the Olympic disciplines of dressage, show jumping, and three-day eventing covered in this review. Personal safety equipment to consider includes helmets, safety and air vests, and horse tack including safety stirrups, acoustic dampeners, and breakaway reins. Equestrian event medical coverage requires emergency action planning, partnership with local emergency medical services, and cooperation of interprofessional teams. Safety coordinators and medical providers may be tasked with providing first aid to spectators in addition to stabilizing and triaging crush trauma, traumatic brain injuries or spinal injuries, or fractures in competitors. Stationary and mobile medical units, proper medical equipment, acute spine stabilization protocols, and communication systems are critical components of equestrian medical coverage.