bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate resilience technology for year round vegetable production in northeastern Bangladesh
Authors: Kuddus MA , Alam MJ , Datta GC , Miah MA , Sarker AK , Sunny MAR 
Published: July 2021

A study was carried out to investigate climate resilience vegetable production prospect using tower gardening technology during the period of July’2017 to December’2018 in low-lying areas of northeastern Bangladesh (Sylhet and Moulvibazar). Total 24 participants of DFID and EU funded Suchana program (January-December’2017) were involved in the study. Two sizes of tower (a) medium size (4.5 feet diameter and 5.0 feet height) (b) small size (3.0 feet diameter and 4.0 feet height) and two types growing media protecting material (i.e. plastic bag & bamboo mat) were used separately to perform the study. To prepare the growing media (50%) soil, (40%) cow dung/compost and (10%) decomposed water hyacinth were used. Mainly two types of vegetables, climbers (i.e. bottle gourd and bitter gourd) and herbaceous (i.e. kangkong, Indian spinach, red amaranth and okra) were planted to conduct the study. The vegetable production was significantly influenced by tower size & growing media protecting materials and the highest vegetable production (84.35 kg tower-1 and 42.17 t ha-1) was recorded in medium size tower with plastic bag whose sold value was BDT 1968.50 tower-1 and BDT 98.43 Lac ha-1, respectively. In addition, the lowest vegetables production (42.08 kg tower-1 and 21.04 t ha-1) was recorded in small tower with bamboo mat that’s sold value was BDT 955.92 tower-1 and BDT 45.99 Lac ha-1, respectively. Cost-benefit ratio (2.85) was recorded in medium tower and 1.73 in small tower. In disposal pattern of vegetables major portion was used for family consumption (80% and 90%), distribution (15% and 10%) and sold (5% and 0%) in medium and small tower garden, respectively. From the result it may say that both size of tower garden were technically feasible to grow vegetable in inundated situation but medium size tower made of plastic bags performed better than bamboo mat due to less nutrient loss through leaching. The study found tower gardening on medium size tower with plastic bag could be a potential and effective option for year round vegetable production in climate vulnerable communities of Bangladesh.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 29-36, June 2021
DAYA HAMBAT BERKUMUR EKSTRAK DAUN SALAM (SYZYGIUM POLYANTHUM) TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN PLAK PADA MAHASISWA JURUSAN KEPERAWATAN GIGI DI BUKITTINGGI
Authors: Rosmalia Dewi 
Published: July 2021

Bay leaves (Syzgium Polyanthum) contain flavonoids, tannins and essential oils which act as antibacterial. Plaque contains bacteria that stick closely to the surface of the teeth which can cause disease in the hard tissues of the teeth and the supporting tissues of the teeth. Plaque control is carried out mechanically and chemically, on of which is gargling bay leaf extract. Plaque measurement using the plaque index. The research objective was to determine the inhibition of gargling of bay leaf extract against plaque formation. This study used a quasi experimental method wth a post test control group design. The sampling technique was simple random sampling, the number of sample was determined Fredere’s formula, the sample devided into 3 groups, each group conssiting of 9 respondents.Group 1 rinsed with bay leaf extract, group 2 rinsed with antiseptic mouthwash and group 3 rinsed with aquadest. Data were tested by using Annova test. The result showed that the average plaque index after rinsing the bay leaf extract was 1.056, the average plaque indexgargling antiseptic mouthwash was 2.478, and the average plaque index after gargling with aquadest was 2167.The significance value is 0.178 and f count > f table (6.238> 3.403). The conclusion was garglingbay leaf extract wwas more effective in inhibiting plaque formation. It is recommended to use bay leaf extract as a mouthwash to maintain oral health.
Fatigue Induced by Repeated Changes of Direction in Élite Female Football (Soccer) Players: Impact on Lower Limb Biomechanics and Implications for ACL Injury Prevention
Authors: Zago Matteo , David Sina , Bertozzi Filippo , Brunetti Claudia , Gatti Alice , Salaorni Francesca , Tarabini Marco , Galvani Christel , Sforza Chiarella , Galli Manuela 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThe etiology of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury in women football results from the interaction of several extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors. Extrinsic factors change dynamically, also due to fatigue. However, existing biomechanical findings concerning the impact of fatigue on the risk of ACL injuries remains inconsistent. We hypothesized that fatigue induced by acute workload in short and intense game periods, might in either of two ways: by pushing lower limbs mechanics toward a pattern close to injury mechanism, or alternatively by inducing opposed protective compensatory adjustments.AimIn this study, we aimed at assessing the extent to which fatigue impact on joints kinematics and kinetics while performing repeated changes of direction (CoDs) in the light of the ACL risk factors.MethodsThis was an observational, cross-sectional associative study. Twenty female players (age: 20–31 years, 1st–2nd Italian division) performed a continuous shuttle run test (5-m) involving repeated 180°-CoDs until exhaustion. During the whole test, 3D kinematics and ground reaction forces were used to compute lower limb joints angles and internal moments. Measures of exercise internal load were: peak post-exercise blood lactate concentration, heart rate (HR) and perceived exertion. Continuous linear correlations between kinematics/kinetics waveforms (during the ground contact phase of the pivoting limb) and the number of consecutive CoD were computed during the exercise using a Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) approach.ResultsThe test lasted 153 ± 72 s, with a rate of 14 ± 2 CoDs/min. Participants reached 95% of maximum HR and a peak lactate concentration of 11.2 ± 2.8 mmol/L. Exercise duration was inversely related to lactate concentration (r = −0.517, p &lt; 0.01), while neither%HRmax nor [La–]b nor RPE were correlated with test duration before exhaustion (p &gt; 0.05). Alterations in lower limb kinematics were found in 100%, and in lower limb kinetics in 85% of the players. The most common kinematic pattern was a concurrent progressive reduction in hip and knee flexion angle at initial contact (10 players); 5 of them also showed a significantly more adducted hip. Knee extension moment decreased in 8, knee valgus moment increased in 5 players. A subset of participants showed a drift of pivoting limb kinematics that matches the known ACL injury mechanism; other players displayed less definite or even opposed behaviors.DiscussionPlayers exhibited different strategies to cope with repeated CoDs, ranging from protective to potentially dangerous behaviors. While the latter was not a univocal effect, it reinforces the importance of individual biomechanical assessment when coping with fatigue.
Phosphorylated EGFR (pEGFR T693) as a Novel Predictor of Recurrence in Non-Functioning Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: Rai Ashutosh , Das Liza , Mukherjee Kanchan K. , Dhandapani Sivashanmugam , Tripathi Manjul , Ahuja Chirag Kamal , Radotra Bishan Dass , Dutta Pinaki 
Published: July 2021

PurposeNon-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) exhibit high recurrence rates after surgery. However, the determinants of recurrence are inconsistent in the available literature. The present study sought to investigate the association between nuclear phosphorylated EGFR (pEGFR) levels and recurrence of NFPAs.MethodsTissue microarrays from patients undergoing adenomectomy for NFPAs at our tertiary care center from 2003 to 2015 and having a minimum of 60 months of follow-up (n=102) were accessed. Immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) was performed to determine the expression of nuclear pEGFR T693. h-score was calculated as the product of staining intensity and the number of positively staining cells. Radiological surveillance (MRI) was performed to categorize NFPAs as recurrent or non-recurrent on follow-up.ResultsThe mean age of the cohort was 50 ± 11 years with a male preponderance (61.1%). Recurrence was observed in 46.1% of the patients at a median of 123 months (IQR 72-159) of follow-up. pEGFR T693 positivity was higher in a significantly greater number of recurrent NFPAs as compared to non-recurrent NFPAs (95.7%vs81%, p=0.02). h-scores were also significantly higher in recurrent NFPAs (122.1 ± 6vs81.54 ± 3.3, p&lt;0.0001). pEGFR T693 positivity significantly predicted recurrence in NFPAs (HR=4.9, CI 2.8-8.8, p&lt;0.0001). ROC analysis revealed an h-score cutoff of 89.8 as being associated significantly with recurrence (sensitivity 80%, specificity 78%, AUC 0.84, p&lt;0.0001).ConclusionpEGFR T693 was expressed in significantly higher number of recurrent NFPAs. The h-scores were also higher in recurrent NFPAs. Nuclear pEGFR T693 may serve as a predictor of recurrence in NFPAs.
The 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Elicits Serological Response and Lasting Protection in Selected Patients With Primary Humoral Immunodeficiency
Authors: Robbins Ailsa , Bahuaud Mathilde , Hentzien Maxime , Maestraggi Quentin , Barbe Coralie , Giusti Delphine , Le Naour Richard , Batteux Frederic , Servettaz Amélie 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundPatients with primary humoral immunodeficiency are more prone to invasive as well as recurrent pneumococcal infections. Therefore, anti-pneumococcal vaccination including the 13-valent conjugate vaccine is recommended. Nevertheless, to date, no data is available on immunogenicity of this vaccine in this population.ObjectiveTo assess the immunogenicity and the persistence of protection up to one year after a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in patients with primary humoral immunodeficiency.MethodsTwenty-nine patients with common variable immunodeficiency or IgG subclass deficiency were vaccinated. Immune response and immune protection at baseline as well as at one, six and twelve months after vaccination were evaluated by measuring specific IgG serum concentrations (ELISA), and opsonophagocytic activities directed against selected pneumococcal (MOPA).ResultsBy ELISA, half of the patients had protective IgG concentrations before vaccination, 35.7% showed an immune response one month after vaccination, 71.4%, 66.7% and 56.0% of the patients were protected at one, six and twelve months respectively. Conversely, by MOPA, 3.4% of the patients were protected at baseline, 10.7% showed an immune response and 28.6%, 48.2% and 33.3% were protected at one, six and twelve months respectively. IgG subclass deficiency, Ig replacement therapy and higher IgG2 concentrations at diagnosis were associated with long-term protection.ConclusionPneumococcal conjugate vaccine improves immune protection and antibodies’ functionality in a subset of patients with primary immunodeficiency. Prime-boost vaccine strategy needs to be better and individually adapted.
The Verification of Thermoelectric Performance Obtained by High-Throughput Calculations: The Case of GeS2 Monolayer From First-Principles Calculations
Authors: Wang Xiaolian , Feng Wei , Shen Chen , Sun Zhehao , Qi Hangbo , Yang Mao , Liu Yonghui , Wu Yuchen , Wu Xiaoqiang 
Published: July 2021

Electronic fitness function (EFF, achieved by the electrical transport properties) as a new quantity to estimate thermoelectric (TE) performance of semiconductor crystals is usually used for screening novel TE materials. In recent years, because of the high EFF values, an increasing number of two-dimensional materials have been predicted to have the potential for TE applications via high-throughput calculations. Among them, the GeS2 monolayer has many interesting physical properties and is being used for industrial applications. Hence, in this work, we systematically investigated the TE performance, including both electronic and thermal transport properties, of the GeS2 monolayer with first-principles calculations. The results show that the structure of the GeS2 monolayer at 700 K is thermally unstable, so we study its TE performance only at 300 and 500 K. As compared with other typical TE monolayers, the GeS2 monolayer exhibits excellent electronic transport properties but a relatively high lattice thermal conductivity of 5.71 W m−1 K−1 at 500 K, and thus an unsatisfactory ZT value of 0.23. Such a low ZT value indicates that it is necessary to consider not only the electron transport properties but also the thermal transport properties to screen the thermoelectric materials with excellent performance through high-throughput calculations.
An Immune-Gene-Based Classifier Predicts Prognosis in Patients With Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yang Huixia , Han Xiaoyan , Hao Zengping 
Published: July 2021

Objective: Immunity plays a vital role in the human papilloma virus (HPV) persistent infection, and closely associates with occurrence and development of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). Herein, we performed an integrated bioinformatics analysis to establish an immune-gene signature and immune-associated nomogram for predicting prognosis of CSCC patients.Methods: The list of immunity-associated genes was retrieved from ImmPort database. The gene and clinical information of CSCC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) website. The immune gene signature for predicting overall survival (OS) of CSCC patients was constructed using the univariate Cox-regression analysis, random survival forests, and multivariate Cox-regression analysis. This signature was externally validated in GSE44001 cohort from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Then, based on the established signature and the TCGA cohort with the corresponding clinical information, a nomogram was constructed and evaluated via Cox regression analysis, concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration plots and decision curve analyses (DCAs).Results: A 5-immune-gene prognostic signature for CSCC was established. Low expression of ICOS, ISG20 and high expression of ANGPTL4, SBDS, LTBR were risk factors for CSCC prognosis indicating poor OS. Based on this signature, the OS was significantly worse in high-risk group than in low-risk group (p-value &lt; 0.001), the area under curves (AUCs) for 1-, 3-, 5-years OS were, respectively, 0.784, 0.727, and 0.715. A nomogram incorporating the risk score of signature and the clinical stage was constructed. The C-index of this nomogram was 0.76. AUC values were 0.811, 0.717, and 0.712 for 1-, 3-, 5-years OS. The nomogram showed good calibration and gained more net benefits than the 5-immune-gene signature and the clinical stage.Conclusion: The 5-immune-gene signature may serve as a novel, independent predictor for prognosis in patients with CSCC. The nomogram incorporating the signature risk score and clinical stage improved the predictive performance than the signature and clinical stage alone for predicting 1-year OS.
Combination of Rescue Stenting and Antiplatelet Infusion Improved Outcomes for Acute Intracranial Atherosclerosis-Related Large-Vessel Occlusion
Authors: Baek Jang-Hyun , Jung Cheolkyu , Kim Byung Moon , Heo Ji Hoe , Kim Dong Joon , Nam Hyo Suk , Kim Young Dae , Lim Eun Hyun , Kim Jun-Hwee , Kim Jun Yup , Kim Jae Hyoung 
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: Intracranial atherosclerosis-related large-vessel occlusion caused by in situ thrombo-occlusion (ICAS-LVO) has been regarded an important reason for refractoriness to mechanical thrombectomy (MT). To achieve better outcomes for ICAS-LVO, different endovascular strategies should be explored. We aimed to investigate an optimal endovascular strategy for ICAS-LVO.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed three prospective registries of acute stroke underwent endovascular treatment. Among them, patients with ICAS-LVO were assigned to four groups based on their endovascular strategy: (1) MT alone, (2) rescue intracranial stenting after MT failure (MT-RS), (3) glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor infusion after MT failure (MT-GPI), and (4) a combination of MT-RS and MT-GPI (MT-RS+GPI). Baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared among the groups. To evaluate whether the endovascular strategy resulted in favorable outcome, multivariable analysis was also performed.Results: A total of 184 patients with ICAS-LVO were included. Twenty-four patients (13.0%) were treated with MT alone, 25 (13.6%) with MT-RS, 84 (45.7%) with MT-GPI, and 51 (27.7%) with MT-RS+GPI. The MT-RS+GPI group showed the highest recanalization efficiency (98.0%). Frequency of patent arteries on follow-up (98.0%, p &lt; 0.001) and favorable outcome (84.3%, p &lt; 0.001) were higher in the MT-RS+GPI group than other groups. The MT-RS+GPI strategy remained an independent factor for favorable outcome (odds ratio, 20.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.97–211.4; p = 0.012).Conclusion: Endovascular strategy was significantly associated with procedural and clinical outcomes in acute stroke by ICAS-LVO. A combination of RS and GPI infusion might be an optimal rescue modality when frontline MT fails.
As Time Goes by: Understanding Child and Family Factors Shaping Behavioral Outcomes After Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Ewing-Cobbs Linda , Montroy Janelle J. , Clark Amy E. , Holubkov Richard , Cox Charles S. , Keenan Heather T. 
Published: July 2021

Objective: To model pre-injury child and family factors associated with the trajectory of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems across the first 3 years in children with pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) relative to children with orthopedic injuries (OI). Parent-reported emotional symptoms and conduct problems were expected to have unique and shared predictors. We hypothesized that TBI, female sex, greater pre-injury executive dysfunction, adjustment problems, lower income, and family dysfunction would be associated with less favorable outcomes.Methods: In a prospective longitudinal cohort study, we examined the level of behavior problems at 12 months after injury and rate of change from pre-injury to 12 months and from 12 to 36 months in children ages 4–15 years with mild to severe TBI relative to children with OI. A structural equation model framework incorporated injury characteristics, child demographic variables, as well as pre-injury child reserve and family attributes. Internalizing and externalizing behavior problems were indexed using the parent-rated Emotional Symptoms and Conduct Problems scales from the Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire.Results: The analysis cohort of 534 children [64% boys, M (SD) 8.8 (4.3) years of age] included 395 with mild to severe TBI and 139 with OI. Behavior ratings were higher after TBI than OI but did not differ by TBI severity. TBI, higher pre-injury executive dysfunction, and lower income predicted the level and trajectory of both Emotional Symptoms and Conduct Problems at 12 months. Female sex and poorer family functioning were vulnerability factors associated with greater increase and change in Emotional Symptoms by 12 months after injury; unique predictors of Conduct Problems included younger age and prior emotional/behavioral problems. Across the long-term follow-up from 12 to 36 months, Emotional Symptoms increased significantly and Conduct Problems stabilized. TBI was not a significant predictor of change during the chronic stage of recovery.Conclusions: After TBI, Emotional Symptoms and Conduct Problem scores were elevated, had different trajectories of change, increased or stayed elevated from 12 to 36 months after TBI, and did not return to pre-injury levels across the 3 year follow-up. These findings highlight the importance of addressing behavioral problems after TBI across an extended time frame.
Thalamus Radiomics-Based Disease Identification and Prediction of Early Treatment Response for Schizophrenia
Authors: Cui Long-Biao , Zhang Ya-Juan , Lu Hong-Liang , Liu Lin , Zhang Hai-Jun , Fu Yu-Fei , Wu Xu-Sha , Xu Yong-Qiang , Li Xiao-Sa , Qiao Yu-Ting , Qin Wei , Yin Hong , Cao Feng 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundEmerging evidence suggests structural and functional disruptions of the thalamus in schizophrenia, but whether thalamus abnormalities are able to be used for disease identification and prediction of early treatment response in schizophrenia remains to be determined. This study aims at developing and validating a method of disease identification and prediction of treatment response by multi-dimensional thalamic features derived from magnetic resonance imaging in schizophrenia patients using radiomics approaches.MethodsA total of 390 subjects, including patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls, participated in this study, among which 109 out of 191 patients had clinical characteristics of early outcome (61 responders and 48 non-responders). Thalamus-based radiomics features were extracted and selected. The diagnostic and predictive capacity of multi-dimensional thalamic features was evaluated using radiomics approach.ResultsUsing radiomics features, the classifier accurately discriminated patients from healthy controls, with an accuracy of 68%. The features were further confirmed in prediction and random forest of treatment response, with an accuracy of 75%.ConclusionOur study demonstrates a radiomics approach by multiple thalamic features to identify schizophrenia and predict early treatment response. Thalamus-based classification could be promising to apply in schizophrenia definition and treatment selection.
Clinical Value and Underlying Mechanisms of Upregulated LINC00485 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Xinyu , Feng Yanlin , He Dingdong , Wang Zi , Huang Fangfang , Tu Jiancheng 
Published: July 2021

AimsThis study aimed to reveal the functional role of LINC00485 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Materials &amp; Methods210 serum samples from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University were employed to evaluate clinical value of LINC00485. Bioinformatics analysis was adopted to explore its potential mechanisms.ResultsLINC00485 was confirmed to be upregulated in HCC tissues and serum samples. Survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve revealed its prognostic and diagnostic roles. The combination of serum LINC00485 with AFP can remarkably improve diagnostic ability of HCC. Exploration of the underlying mechanism demonstrated that LINC00485 might exert pro-oncogenic activity by LINC00485—three miRNAs—four mRNAs network.ConclusionsOur study unveiled that upregulated LINC00485 could act as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and provide a novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of LINC00485 in HCC pathogenesis.
Efficient Market Hypothesis and Fractal Market Hypothesis: evidence from Russian stock exchange
Authors: Lukasevich I. 
Published: July 2021

This paper presents the results of the study of the fulfillment of the key conditions and prerequisites of the hypotheses of the efficiency and fractality of price behavior in financial markets for the period 1997–2021. Its relevance is due to the high volatility of the Russian stock market and its imperfections, which lead to significant price deviations.
On the example of the analysis of the dynamics of the MOEX stock index, the method of testing the dynamics of prices on large arrays of real data with the use of statistical data processing methods and modern information technologies is demonstrated.
The article concludes that the nature of the Russian market as a whole has a fractal character. At the same time, the assumptions underlying the hypothesis of information efficiency of the market are not fulfilled.