bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online Communities as a Driver for Patient Empowerment: Systematic Review
Authors: Johansson Victoria , Islind Anna Sigridur , Lindroth Tomas , Angenete Eva , Gellerstedt Martin 
Published: January 2021

Background
The use of online resources has changed how people manage health care processes. Patients seek information about health conditions, guidance in treatment, and support from peers online, complementary to traditional health care trajectories. Online communities have the potential to contribute to the quality of care by increasing patient empowerment; however, there is a gap in research regarding in what way online communities contribute to patient empowerment.

Objective
We synthesized research regarding how online communities contribute to patient empowerment to address the research question “In what ways can participation in online communities support patient empowerment?” by studying how patient empowerment is operationalized in different studies. The definition of patient empowerment used in this paper is enablement for people to develop mastery over actions and control over decisions that influence their lives. The mastery is both through processes and outcomes of the development.

Methods
A systematic review was conducted by searching in the following databases: Scopus, ACM Digital Library, EBSCO (CINAHL and MEDLINE), PubMed, and Web of Science. In total, there were 1187 papers after excluding duplicates, and through selection processes using an analytical framework with definitions of patient empowerment and related concepts, 33 peer-reviewed papers were included.

Results
Findings indicated that online communities support patient empowerment both as a process and as outcomes of these processes. Additionally, it was seen as a complement to traditional health care and encouragement for health care professionals to have a more positive attitude toward patients’ usage. There was a mix between deductive (19/33, 58%), inductive (11/33, 33%), and a mixed approach (3/33, 9%) of studying patient empowerment in various forms. The online communities in most papers (21/33, 64%) were well-established and represented patients’ initiatives.

Conclusions
There is a need to include professionals' perspectives regarding how health care can embrace patient empowerment through online communities. This systematic review's main contribution is the proposal of a new framework and conceptualization of how patient empowerment in online communities can be understood from different hierarchical levels.
Preliminary Screening for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Using a Chatbot Augmented Intelligence Genetic Counselor: Development and Feasibility Study
Authors: Sato Ann , Haneda Eri , Suganuma Nobuyasu , Narimatsu Hiroto 
Published: January 2021

Background
Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in Japan; genetic background and hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) are implicated. The key to HBOC diagnosis involves screening to identify high-risk individuals. However, genetic medicine is still developing; thus, many patients who may potentially benefit from genetic medicine have not yet been identified.

Objective
This study’s objective is to develop a chatbot system that uses augmented intelligence for HBOC screening to determine whether patients meet the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) BRCA1/2 testing criteria.

Methods
The system was evaluated by a doctor specializing in genetic medicine and certified genetic counselors. We prepared 3 scenarios and created a conversation with the chatbot to reflect each one. Then we evaluated chatbot feasibility, the required time, the medical accuracy of conversations and family history, and the final result.

Results
The times required for the conversation were 7 minutes for scenario 1, 15 minutes for scenario 2, and 16 minutes for scenario 3. Scenarios 1 and 2 met the BRCA1/2 testing criteria, but scenario 3 did not, and this result was consistent with the findings of 3 experts who retrospectively reviewed conversations with the chatbot according to the 3 scenarios. A family history comparison ascertained by the chatbot with the actual scenarios revealed that each result was consistent with each scenario. From a genetic medicine perspective, no errors were noted by the 3 experts.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that chatbot systems could be applied to preliminary genetic medicine screening for HBOC.
Open Rhinoplasty
Authors: Xu Ginger , Hwang Paul , Seyidova Nargiz , Lin Samuel J. 
Published: January 2021

Rhinoplasty is often considered the black box of plastic surgery. This apprehension can be overcome by having a fine-tuned understanding of nasal anatomy, developing an appreciation for nasal aesthetics, and becoming well-versed in the array of surgical techniques available to address specific cosmetic and functional concerns. Technical care and finesse are required in this type of surgery, where even 1 mm of change can result in a profound difference. Nasal function must also be assessed and preserved during rhinoplasty. Aside from these technical points, it is equally important to accurately and thoroughly understand each patient’s goals and to communicate the realistic outcomes and limitations of what can be done through surgery.
Key words: open rhinoplasty, nasal anatomy, nasofacial analysis, rhinoplasty techniques, rhinoplasty preoperative evaluation, rhinoplasty postoperative management, lateral nasal osteotomies, nasal tip grafts, nasal tip suture techniques
This review contains 23 figures, 2 tables, and 43 references.
Diagnosis and Management of Genitourinary Rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Abdelhalim Ahmed , Wang Zhan Tao (Peter) , Nael Ali , Khoury Antoine E 
Published: January 2021

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. Genitourinary RMS accounts for 15 to 25% of all RMSs and is a heterogeneous group of soft tissue tumors that vary in presentation, distribution, and prognosis. This article reviews the pathophysiology and tumor biology of RMS. It will also describe the initial approach to its diagnosis and current tumor surveillance protocols. Furthermore, this article presents the evidence behind a number of different staging and risk stratification systems currently used to guide treatment. Lastly, this article reviews future developments of investigational studies and risk stratification under investigation by a number of large international collaborative study groups.
This review contains 17 figures, 7 tables, and 68 references.
Keywords: Rhabdomyosarcoma, genitourinary, staging, diagnosis, paratesticular, bladder, prostate, RMS
Depresión y Sociedad. Más allá de sus expresiones neuropsicosomáticas en el contexto cubano
Authors: Gomez Vasallo Clarisbel 
Published: January 2021

La reflexión que en este espacio se presenta, forma parte de los primeros desarrollos del proyecto doctoral de la autora. En estas líneas, se intenta acercar el lente de la Sociología hacia una de las más prevalentes patologías mentales de nuestro tiempo: la Depresión. Tras intentar primeramente llamar la atención sobre las estadísticas que fundamentan la problemática, se presentan algunas ideas que argumentan el por qué ha de ser la misma, una preocupación para el pensamiento social, a partir de entender que dicha patología es más que una enfermedad en su sentido clínico, deviniendo fenómeno social. Por último, se tejen sintéticas ideas sobre la necesidad de tomar en cuenta el estado actual de esta problemática en Cuba para el proceso que apuesta por la actualización del modelo de desarrollo económico y social en el país.
Experimental application of tissue engineered constructions for urethroplasty
Authors: Gorelova A. A. , Muraviov A. N. , Vinogradova T. I. , Gorelov A. I. , Yudintceva N. M. , Nashchekina Yu. A. , Samusenko I. A. , Yablonsky P. K. 
Published: January 2021

Introduction. For diseases such as stricture and obliteration of the urethra, urethral hypospadias, reconstructive operations are required. The buccal mucosa is the material most commonly used for these operations. The search for alternative materials, carried out in order to reduce trauma and complications in the donor area, is an urgent area of modern urology. Tissue engineered constructions (TEC) can be used as such material.Objective. Justification of the possibility of applying a TEC based on the biodegradable polymers and seeded with autologous buccal epithelium (BE) cells as an implantable material for urethroplasty in an experiment.Methods and Materials. TEC based on poly-L-lactide-caprolactone (PLC) and poly-L-lactide-glycolide (PLG) seeded with BCs was created. Rabbits (n=12) underwent a biopsy of the oral mucosa, BCs were isolated, cultured and PLC-PLG scaffold was seeded with cells. TECs seeded with autological BCs were used on the model of acute trauma of rabbit urethra for replacement urethroplasty.Results. The results were evaluated after 12 weeks, according to the histological examination, there was a repair of the urethral mucosa. According to the data of retrograde urethrography, no impaired urethra patency was detected.Conclusion. TEC (PLK-PLG) seeded with autologous BCs ensured the maintenance of the rabbit urethral lumen which is necessary for adequate urination. This TEC could be recommended for the further clinical studies.
Devenir emprendedora. Anversos y reversos de las experiencias de emprendimiento y trabajo de cuidados en mujeres de Valparaíso.
Authors: Utreras Tapia Mirla 
Published: January 2021

Progresivamente el emprendimiento ha adquirido cada vez mayor relevancia como estrategia para la superación de la pobreza de las mujeres. No obstante, en términos comparativos, las experiencias de emprendimiento de las mujeres se caracterizan por desigualdades de género respecto de las experiencias de emprendimiento de los hombres, las cuales se relacionan con la desigual distribución del trabajo de cuidados entre ellos/as. En virtud de la relevancia que las emprendedoras brindan al trabajo de cuidados, la presente investigación, realizada en el marco del proceso de titulación de un magíster de género (2018-2019), tiene por finalidad indagar en dichas experiencias, y su relación con sus emprendimientos, a través de la perspectiva de la economía feminista. Para ello, se utiliza un enfoque metodológico cualitativo y como técnica de recolección de datos entrevistas semi-estructuradas a emprendedoras participantes de un programa de gobierno, ejecutado por una ONG de la ciudad de Valparaíso (Chile). Entre los principales resultados del estudio cabe destacar el énfasis en la sostenibilidad de vida por parte de las emprendedoras, fisurando con ello el mandato del empresario de sí.
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Entrepreneurship has progressively acquired greater relevance as a strategy for overcoming women's poverty. However, in comparative terms, women's entrepreneurial experiences are characterized by gender inequalities with respect to men's entrepreneurial experiences, which are related to the unequal distribution of care work among them. In view of the relevance that women entrepreneurs give to care work, this research aims to investigate these experiences, in relation to their entrepreneurship, through the perspective of the feminist economy. To this end, a qualitative methodological approach is used, as well as semi-structured interviews with women entrepreneurs participating in a government program, executed by an NGO in the city of Valparaiso (Chile), as a data collection technique. Among the main results of the study is the emphasis on life sustainability by the entrepreneurs, thus cracking the mandate of the entrepreneur himself.
Mujeres adultas mayores. Una visión desde la subjetividad de las protagonistas en relación a su sentido de vida y el sentimiento de soledad
Authors: Ramos Álvarez Denisse 
Published: January 2021

El propósito de esta investigación fue caracterizar las vivencias en torno al sentido de vida que construyen las mujeres adultas mayores con sentimientos de soledad. Mediante una metodología cualitativa, las narrativas resultantes fueron examinadas bajo las cuatro Motivaciones Fundamentales del Análisis Existencial de Alfried Längle. Éstas develaron una pérdida de relación con la vida y una falta de conexión al mundo. Los hallazgos muestran una dolorosa pérdida en la calidad de las relaciones afectivas con su entorno más inmediato, donde no se sienten reconocidas ni apreciadas. Aun cuando se observa un débil sentido de vida, estas mujeres luchan por encontrar un para qué vivir.
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The purpose of this work is to characterize the experiences related to the meaning of life that elderly women with feelings of loneliness build. Through qualitative methodology, the narratives were examined under the four Fundamental Motivations of Existential Analysis by Alfried Längle, which revealed a loss of meaning of life and a lack of connection with the world. Findings show a great pain due the loss in the quality of affective relationships with their immediate surroundings, where they do not teel recognized or appreciated. Even when a weak meaning of life is observed, these women struggle to find a reason to live.
Características Psicométricas de la Escala Existencial Adaptada para Medir Solamente la Sub-escala del Autodistanciamiento
Authors: Oliveira Medrado Suzaneide 
Published: January 2021

La capacidad noética espiritual del autodistanciamiento permite al ser humano ejercitar la libertad y autenticidad en su vida. Por medio de la toma de distancia de las situaciones y de sí mismo el hombre puede dar respuestas más coherentes con sus propios valores, intereses, creencias, sin dejarse someter por lo que le pasa. La Escala Existencial es un instrumento que mide capacidades espirituales, sin embargo, se llevó a cabo una investigación para validación de la Escala Existencial Adaptada para medir solamente el autodistanciamiento. En este sentido, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar las características psicométricas de la prueba de validación de la Sub-escala del Autodistanciamiento. Se hizo una investigación descriptiva, cuantitativa, donde fueron realizadas pruebas de estadística descriptiva, de fiabilidad, análisis factorial, pruebas de KMO y Bartlett con significación de p<0,00. La muestra estuvo conformada por 267 personas de Santaluz de Bahia-Brasil. Los resultados presentaron excelentes características psicométricas de la Escala Existencial adaptada, atestando que este es un instrumento válido para medir lo que propone, el autodistanciamiento.
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The noetic spiritual ability of self-distancing allows human beings to exercise freedom and authenticity in their life. By means of taking distance from situations and the same man can give more consistent answers with his own values, interests, complacencies, without leaving anything behind. The Existential Scale is an instrument that measures spiritual capacities, but an investigation has been carried out to validate the Existential Scale adapted to measure self-distinction alone. In this sense, the present article aims to present the psychometric characteristics of the validation of the Self-distancing Subscale. A descriptive, quantitative investigation was carried out, from which descriptive statistics, reliability, factorial analysis, KMO and Bartlett problems with p <0.00 significance were carried out. The sample was made up of 267 people from Santaluz de Bahia-Brazil. The results showed excellent psychometric characteristics of the adapted Existential Scale, attesting that this is a valid instrument for measuring what it proposes, the self-distancing.
Estudiar Online en Contexto de Pandemia Covid-19
Authors: Díaz Cánepa Carlos , Albornoz Paz , Errázuriz Miguel , Flores Mayiris , Lagos Alejandra , Martínez Camila , Ortiz Maurizio , Vilches Vicente , Zamora Kevin 
Published: January 2021

La pandemia por Covid-19 ha provocado un fuerte impacto en los hábitos, rutinas, desplazamientos, modos de relacionarse presentes en la actividad de estudio. Se analiza desde la perspectiva de la Teoría Histórico Cultural de la Actividad (THCA), las experiencias vividas por estudiantes de la educación superior en Chile, y se discute sobre la incidencia relativa de factores estructurales y procesuales asociados, con especial énfasis en el desarrollo de estrategias de autoregulación, y el rol de mediadores en el enfrentamiento de las exigencias académicas y temporales.
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The purpose of this work is to characterize the experiences related to the meaning of life that elderly women with feelings of loneliness build. Through qualitative methodology, the narratives were examined under the four Fundamental Motivations of Existential Analysis by Alfried Längle, which revealed a loss of meaning of life and a lack of connection with the world. Findings show a great pain due the loss in the quality of affective relationships with their immediate surroundings, where they do not teel recognized or appreciated. Even when a weak meaning of life is observed, these women struggle to find a reason to live.
Pero aún así: Fetichismo y renegación en la teoría de la ideología de Slavoj Žižek
Authors: Jiménez-Molina Álvaro 
Published: January 2021

La tríada distorsión, legitimación y crítica de la realidad social se encuentra en el centro de los debates teóricos en torno a la ideología. Este artículo describe, en primer lugar, el modo en que Slavoj Žižek redefine el concepto marxista de “fetichismo de la mercancía” siguiendo el modelo de la teoría psicoanalítica del fetichismo. Se aborda luego cómo el mecanismo freudiano de la “renegación” (Verleugnung), así como los conceptos de creencia y fantasía, permiten a Žižek resolver algunos dilemas que supone la idea de distorsión ideológica. De este modo, se discute en qué sentido Žižek ofrece una alternativa a los modelos tradicionales de la legitimación en sociología y psicología social, subrayando el funcionamiento cotidiano de la ideología. Finalmente, a partir de una reflexión en torno a las articulaciones entre renegación, creencia e inconsciente, se discuten una serie de malentendidos conceptuales que supone la teoría de la ideología en Žižek.
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The triad of distortion, legitimisation and critique of social reality is at the heart of theoretical debates about ideology. This article first describes how Slavoj Žižek redefines the Marxist concept of “commodity fetishism” on the model of the psychoanalytical theory of fetishism. The article then discusses how the Freudian mechanism of “disavowal” (Verleugnung), as well as the concepts of belief and fantasy, allow Žižek to solve some dilemmas that the idea of ideological distortion entails. In this way, it is discussed in what sense Žižek offers an alternative to the traditional models of legitimization in sociology and social psychology, emphasizing the everyday functioning of ideology. Finally, based on a reflection on the articulations between disavowal, belief and the unconscious, a series of conceptual misunderstandings are discussed that Žižek’s theory of ideology involves.
The Difference between Standard American English Pronunciation and the Interlanguage of English Department Students of the Class of 2015 at Andalas University
Authors: Putri Rinjani Kusuma , Datuk Zulfakhri Dt. Majo 
Published: January 2021

This study discusses (1) the differences between the students’ interlanguage and standard American English pronunciation, and (2) the patterns of phonetic shift from the Standard American English into the students’ Interlanguage Pronunciation. The participants of this research were English Department students, the year of 2015, at Andalas University and were selected by using stratified random sampling with academic achievement as the criteria in choosing the sample. The data were collected by using picture description task and analyzed by using Markedness Differential Hypothesis (MDH) by Eckman (1977) where the markedness relation among the sounds were found by using Markedness Hierarchy by Lombardi (1995, 1998). The result of the analysis showed that the most frequent errors that the participants made were the pronunciation of [ð], [θ], and [v] where the participants replaced [ð] with [d],[θ] with [t], and [v] with [f]. The difficulties of the participants were mostly in line with Eckman’s MDH.
PENGARUH PENANGANAN KOMPLAIN TERHADAP KEPUASAN TERTANGGUNG PADA PT. ASURANSI MULTI ARTHA GUNA, TBK SURABAYA
Authors: Listyawati Liling , Sari Anik Nurpuspita 
Published: January 2021

Keberadaan asuransi bukanlah menghilangkan suatu risiko, melainkan memberikan bantuan untuk mengurangi risiko kepada pihak tertanggung yang mengalami kerugian akibat risiko. Komplain atau keluhan tertanggung bagi perusahaan asuransi akan dijadikan bentuk evalulasi diri dari kinerja yang telah dilakukan oleh perusahaan. Dengan adanya komplain atau keluhan tertanggung perusahaan asuransi dapat mengetahui kelemahan yang ada pada perusahaan dan memperbaiki kelemahan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh secara simultan, parsial dan dominan antara penanganan komplain yang terdiri dari keadilan prosedural, keadilan interaksional dan keadilan distributif terhadap kepuasan tertanggung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode asosiasif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Utuk pegumpulan datanya dilakukan dengan cara wawancara, kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Yang menjadi populasi dalam penelitian in adalah semua tertanggung yang pernah membeli produk atau jasa jasa asuransi di PT. Asuransi Multi Artha Guna, tbk Surabaya pada tahun 2018 yang berjumlah 1.105 tertanggung dengan karakteristik Tertanggung yang pernah melakukan transaksi asuransi lebih dari dua tahun dan telah berusia diatas 17 tahun. Dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin maka di ketahui jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 92 responden. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penanganan komplain yang terdiri dari keadilan prosedural, keadilan interaksional dan keadilan distributif dapat memberikan pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan tertanggung. Hal ini ditunjukan dari hasil koefisien Determinan bahwa penanganan komplain yang terdiri dari keadilan prosedural, keadilan interaksional dan keadilan dsitributif sebesar 71% terhadap kepuasan tertanggung dan 29% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan masukan atau informasi kepada perusahaan bahwa dengan memperhatikan komplain tertanggung yang terdapat pada asuransi tersebut akan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan tertanggung