bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Materials Informatics Reveals Unexplored Structure Space in Cuprate Superconductors
Authors: Goodall Rhys E. A. , Zhu Bonan , MacManus‐Driscoll Judith L. , Lee Alpha A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHigh‐temperature superconducting cuprates have the potential to be transformative in a wide range of energy applications. In this work, the corpus of historical data about cuprates is analyzed using materials informatics, re‐examining how their structures are related to their critical temperatures (Tc). The available data is highly clustered and no single database contains all the features of interest to properly examine trends. To work around these issues a linear calibration approach that allows the utilization of multiple data sources is employed, combining fine resolution data for which the Tc is unknown with coarse resolution data where it is known. The hybrid data set constructed enables the exploration of the trends in Tc with the apical and in‐plane copper–oxygen distances. It is shown that large regions of the materials space have yet to be explored. Novel experiments relying on the nano‐engineering of the crystal structure may enable the exploration of such new regions. Based on the trends identified it is proposed that single layer Bi‐based cuprates are good candidate systems for such experiments.
Exploiting Thermoplasmonic Effects for Laser‐Assisted Preparation of Au Nanoparticles/InZnO Thin Film with Visible Range Photodetection Properties
Authors: Lin Ching‐Fu , Khitous Amine , Zan Hsiao‐Wen , Soppera Olivier 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHere, a new method is proposed for preparing gold nanoparticles (Au NPs)/indium‐zinc‐oxide (IZO) nanocomposite thin films based on photothermal mechanisms with near‐Infrared (NIR) laser annealing, which allows integrating the nanomaterial on fragile substrates such as thin glass, plastic sheets, or 3D printed pieces. The Au NPs are first prepared by NIR laser dewetting of a thin Au layer. Then, the Au NPs are used to locally cure the semiconductor material and provide suitable electronic properties owing to their efficient thermoplasmonic effects under the NIR laser annealing conditions. Finally, the electronic properties of the Au NPs/IZO thin films are characterized in the dark and under light excitation. Good photoresponsivity at 410 nm (UV, >100 A W−1) is demonstrated, but interestingly, the presence of Au NPs significantly improves the detection ability to a longer wavelength range, such as to 515 nm (green, ≈5 × 10−3 A W−1), even extending to 630 nm (red, ≈5 × 10−4 A W−1), and 780 nm (NIR, ≈10−4 A W−1). In addition, with the critical evaluation of dynamic light detection and lifetime trace (>22 d), the laser‐annealed Au NPs/IZO photodetectors demonstrate useful operating reliability and stability.
Conductive Writing with High Precision by Laser‐Induced Point‐to‐Line Carbonization Strategy for Flexible Supercapacitors
Authors: Guo Heng , Yan Jianfeng , Jiang Lan , Qu Liangti , Yin Jiangang , Lu Jiangang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFlexible electronic technologies have broad development prospects. Fabrication of micro devices on flexible carbon precursors via laser carbonizing has the advantages of involving only one step, requiring no mask, and wide adaptability. It has attracted significant attention in recent years to fabricate micro devices on polyimide (PI) via laser carbonization. However, the precision of laser carbonization is low because large areas of the material are easily carbonized simultaneously. Thus, the fabrication of micro devices with high precision and narrow line widths via laser carbonization remains challenging. Herein, a laser‐induced carbonization method with point‐to‐line carbonization strategy is proposed and used to fabricate supercapacitors on PI. The carbon line width decreases from over 150 to below 10 µm using this method. High‐precision conductive writing is realized on PI. Carbon lines written by this method have low resistance and porous surface. Hence, these carbon structures are suitable as electrodes for supercapacitors. Supercapacitors with microscale electrode widths are fabricated using this method. This work demonstrates that the point‐to‐line strategy improves the precision of laser carbonization and provides an effective method for fabricating flexible electronics on polymers with high precision.
Access to Unsymmetrically Substituted Diaryl Gold N‐Acyclic Carbene (NAC) and N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes via the Isonitrile Route
Authors: Vethacke Vanessa , Claus Vanessa , Dietl Martin C. , Ehjeij Daniel , Meister Arne , Huber Jonas F. , Paschai Darian Leon K. , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA variety of unsymmetric diaryl gold N‐acyclic carbene (NAC) complexes was synthesized via the isonitrile route by three different methods: (a) solvent free in a melt, (b) mechanochemically and (c) in THF at room temperature. The latter method can also be used to synthesize unsaturated gold NHC complexes. These methods overall offer access to a broad array of new complexes and remove one of the previous limitations of the isonitrile route to NAC and NHC complexes of gold, namely the inability to react with the less nucleophilic aromatic amines. The new complexes also proved to be successful as pre‐catalysts in the gold‐catalyzed phenol synthesis.magnified image
Is Organic Chemistry Really Growing Exponentially?
Authors: Szymkuć Sara , Badowski Tomasz , Grzybowski Bartosz A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn terms of molecules and specific reaction examples, organic chemistry features an impressive, exponential growth. However, new reaction classes/types that fuel this growth are being discovered at a much slower and only linear (or even sublinear) rate. The proportion of newly discovered reaction types to all reactions being performed keeps decreasing, suggesting that synthetic chemistry becomes more reliant on reusing the well‐known methods. The newly discovered chemistries are more complex than decades ago and allow for the rapid construction of complex scaffolds in fewer numbers of steps. We study these and other trends in the function of time, reaction‐type popularity and complexity based on the algorithm that extracts generalized reaction class templates. These analyses are useful in the context of computer‐assisted synthesis, machine learning (to estimate the numbers of models with sufficient reaction statistics), and identifying erroneous entries in reaction databases.
The politics of funding universal healthcare: Diverting local tobacco taxes to subsidise the national health scheme in Indonesia
Authors: Ahsan Abdillah , Kramer Elisabeth , Adani Nadhila , Muhammad Askar , Amalia Nadira 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn Indonesia, the national universal health coverage scheme (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional [JKN]) has consistently overspent against its budget since it was introduced in 2014. In 2017, a new regulation diverted 37.5% of tobacco tax revenue collected at the district and city level to the central government in order to increase government contributions to the JKN. Through a review of policy documents and interviews and focus group discussions with relevant stakeholders, this article explores the history of the JKN and its relationship to local tobacco taxes. Offering an ex‐post assessment of the policy and its implementation, we find it negative on three fronts: funding for local anti‐smoking initiatives and services was cut, the procedures for implementing the policy were complex and time‐consuming, and it did not contribute as much as anticipated to the JKN. These findings underscore potential pitfalls of politically motivated policy that fails to consider implementation and impact. We recommend that the policy be revoked, and local tobacco tax revenue reallocated to its initial purpose, which includes promoting local smoking prevention programs and health service delivery.
Effects of ApoE genotype on clinical phenotypes in early‐onset and late‐onset Alzheimer's disease in China: Data from the PUMCH dementia cohort
Authors: Dong Liling , Li Jie , Liu Caiyan , Mao Chenhui , Wang Jie , Lei Dan , Huang Xinying , Chu Shanshan , Hou Bo , Feng Feng , Sha Longze , Xu Qi , Gao Jing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionTo investigate the heterogeneous effect of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype on clinical phenotypes in early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), respectively.Methods785 probable AD patients were enrolled from the dementia cohort of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), China. There were 386 EOAD and 399 LOAD cases. All individuals finished history inquiry, neurological examination, blood biochemical test, neuropsychological screening test, electroencephalography, brain CT/MRI, and ApoE genotyping. Some participants had neuropsychological domain assessment (n = 317), MRI morphometry (n = 130), CSF testing of Aβ42, p‐tau, t‐tau (n = 144), or DNA sequencing (n = 690). The variables were compared mainly between ɛ4 carriers and non‐carriers in EOAD and LOAD, respectively.ResultsIn LOAD, ɛ4 carriers showed female predominance; worse performance in trail making test, delayed recall of auditory verbal learning test (AVLT) and rey complex figure; smaller hippocampal, parahippocampal, and entorhinal volume, as compared to ɛ4 non‐carriers. In EOAD, ɛ4 carriers had lower scores in AVLT, episodic memory and modified Luria's tapping task; but less cortical atrophy in entorhinal, middle cingulate, inferior frontal, and parieto‐occipital regions, in comparison to ɛ4 non‐carriers. 6.2% (43/690) subjects harbored potential causative mutations in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2. In both EOAD and LOAD, no differences were observed between ɛ4 carriers and non‐carriers in CSF levels of Aβ42, p‐tau, t‐tau, or mutation frequency.ConclusionsApoE exerts a heterogeneous effect on clinical phenotypes in EOAD and LOAD, which might be related to the different genetic and pathological basis underlying them.
Screening for Psychological Distress in Vietnamese Cancer Patients: An Evaluation of the Distress Thermometer
Authors: Nguyen Tien Quang , Do Tuyet Mai , Pham Tuan Anh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundPsychological distress is prevalent in patients with cancer, negatively affecting their treatment and quality of life. Clinical guidelines recommended screening all cancer patients routinely for psychological problems using simple measures such as the Distress Thermometer (DT) and Problem List (PL). This study is the first research in Vietnam to identify the optimal DT cutoff point to screen distress and the relationship with PL items among cancer patients.Methods300 cancer patients were recruited from 10 departments at Vietnam National Cancer Hospital (K hospital) and completed the DT and PL. Participants also completed the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 (GAD‐7) with standard cutoff scores for identifying significant depression and anxiety.ResultsReceiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses showed that a DT cutoff score of 4 had an area under the ROC curve of 0.81 and 0.82 using the PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7 cutoff scores of 10 as the criterion, respectively. This indicated good overall accuracy. This cutoff also showed a sensitivity of 0.87 and 0.92 for PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7 total score defined cases, respectively. Both specificity values were 0.58. In terms of the PL, 164 distressed patients (54.7%) reported significantly more emotional problems, family issues, and practical and physical problem, implying various causes contribute to psychological distress among cancer patients.ConclusionsThe study showed that the DT with a cutoff of 4 accompanied with PL is a simple and effective instrument compared to previous, longer measures commonly used to detect psychosocial distress in Vietnamese cancer patients. This cutoff point also identified patients with problems contributing towards distress.
Ir(III) and Ru(II) Complexes in Photoredox Catalysis and Photodynamic Therapy: A New Paradigm towards Anticancer Applications
Authors: Raza Md Kausar , Noor Aisha , Samantaray Paresh Kumar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIndividually, photoredox catalysis (PC) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are well‐established concepts that have experienced a remarkable resurgence in recent years, leading to significant progress in organic synthesis for PC and clinical approval of anticancer drugs for PDT. But, very recently, new photoredox catalyst systems based on Ir(III) and Ru(II) complexes have garnered significant interest because they can simultaneously be used as PDT agents apart from their demonstrated PC activity. This highlight discusses the unique PC behavior of emerging Ir(III)‐ and Ru(II)‐based systems while also examining their potential PDT activity in cancer treatment.
Soft palate perforation from Glidescope® intubation: A case report
Authors: Oh Matthew W. , Yarmosh Alla , Francis David , Moon Tiffany S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe highlight a potential major complication from GlideScope intubation—perforation of the soft palate. With increasing use of video laryngoscopy, precautions must be taken to ensure that its continued use does not increase airway complications.
Extraction of Ga(III) by Di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA)‐Modified XAD‐4 Resins Prepared by Solvent‐Nonsolvent Modification
Authors: Chen Jyh-Herng , Chang Yu-Hao , Hsu Kai-Chung , Lin Jing-Chie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGallium (Ga) is one of the most important elements that are widely used in electronic devices. The development of Ga recovery technology is an important issue for resource recycling. In this study, di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA)‐modified XAD‐4 resin (DMR) is prepared by the solvent‐nonsolvent method. The evolution of pore characteristics demonstrates that the solvent‐nonsolvent treatment is advantageous for the immobilization of D2EHPA in XAD‐4 resin. The adsorption isotherm of Ga(III) can be described by the Langmuir isotherm model. The Ga(III) adsorption kinetics follows the pseudo‐second‐order model. The immobilized D2EHPA shows good stability. The reusability study indicates that DMR can maintain the performance after three cycles of adsorption and stripping. The results for the treatment of a practical leaching solution from GaN/Al2O3 wafer further demonstrate that DMR can be applied effectively for Ga(III) recovery.
Head‐to‐head comparison of contemporary heart failure risk scores
Authors: Codina Pau , Lupón Josep , Borrellas Andrea , Spitaleri Giosafat , Cediel Germán , Domingo Mar , Simpson Joanne , Levy Wayne C. , Santiago‐Vacas Evelyn , Zamora Elisabet , Buchaca David , Subirana Isaac , Santesmases Javier , Diez‐Quevedo Crisanto , Troya Maria I. , Boldo Maria , Altmir Salvador , Alonso Nuria , González Beatriz , Rivas Carmen , Nuñez Julio , McMurray John , Bayes‐Genis Antoni 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsSeveral heart failure (HF) web‐based risk scores are currently used in clinical practice. Currently, we lack head‐to‐head comparison of the accuracy of risk scores. This study aimed to assess correlation and mortality prediction performance of Meta‐Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure (MAGGIC‐HF) risk score, which includes clinical variables + medications; Seattle Heart Failure Model (SHFM), which includes clinical variables + treatments + analytes; PARADIGM Risk of Events and Death in the Contemporary Treatment of Heart Failure (PREDICT‐HF) and Barcelona Bio‐Heart Failure (BCN‐Bio‐HF) risk calculator, which also include biomarkers, like N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP).Methods and resultsA total of 1166 consecutive patients with HF from different aetiologies that had NT‐proBNP measurement at first visit were included. Discrimination for all‐cause mortality was compared by Harrell's C‐statistic from 1 to 5 years, when possible. Calibration was assessed by calibration plots and Hosmer–Lemeshow test and global performance by Nagelkerke's R2. Correlation between scores was assessed by Spearman rank test. Correlation between the scores was relatively poor (rho value from 0.66 to 0.79). Discrimination analyses showed better results for 1‐year mortality than for longer follow‐up (SHFM 0.817, MAGGIC‐HF 0.801, PREDICT‐HF 0.799, BCN‐Bio‐HF 0.830). MAGGIC‐HF showed the best calibration, BCN‐Bio‐HF overestimated risk while SHFM and PREDICT‐HF underestimated it. BCN‐Bio‐HF provided the best discrimination and overall performance at every time‐point.ConclusionsNone of the contemporary risk scores examined showed a clear superiority over the rest. BCN‐Bio‐HF calculator provided the best discrimination and overall performance with overestimation of risk. MAGGIC‐HF showed the best calibration, and SHFM and PREDICT‐HF tended to underestimate risk. Regular updating and recalibration of online web calculators seems necessary to improve their accuracy as HF management evolves at unprecedented pace.
Forecasting unemployment in the euro area with machine learning
Authors: Gogas Periklis , Papadimitriou Theophilos , Sofianos Emmanouil 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUnemployment has a direct impact on public finances and yields serious sociopolitical implications. This study aims to directionally forecast the euro‐area unemployment rate. To the best of our knowledge, no other studies forecast the euro‐area unemployment rate as a whole. The data set includes the unemployment rate and 36 explanatory variables, as suggested by theory and the relevant literature, spanning the period from 1998:4 to 2019:9 in monthly frequency. These variables are fed to three machine learning methodologies: decision trees (DT), random forests (RF), and support vector machines (SVM), while an elastic‐net logistic regression (logit) model is used from the area of econometrics. The results show that the optimal RF model outperforms the other models by reaching a full‐dataset forecasting accuracy of 88.5% and 85.4% on the out‐of‐sample.
Challenges in organizing a Belgian reference hospital to respond to the COVID‐19 pandemic: A case report
Authors: Van Slambrouck Louis , Wostyn Lieven , Hebbrecht Jan , Hellings Johan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic resulted in an enormous influx of seriously ill patients in the hospitals worldwide. After its initial impact in Asia, Europe also suffered greatly. Caring for COVID‐19 patients whist maintaining treatment for patients with other conditions was a complex planning and management challenge. A series of interventions has been implemented to increase hospital capacity in response to the pandemic. Hospital provision interventions included the purchase of equipment, the establishment of additional hospital facilities and the redeployment of staff and other resources. Ensuring safe and high quality care to both COVID‐19 patients and those with other conditions was a crucial aspect of the Belgian response in this current health crisis.
A study of convective nanofluid flow over a rough slender cylinder under the influence of magnetic field and species diffusion
Authors: Patil Prabhugouda M. , Doddagoudar Shivanandappa H. , Hiremath Prakash S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present work explores the analysis of magnetohydrodynamics nonlinear mixed conv ective nanofluid flow over a vertical slender cylinder in the presence of surface roughness. The application of the present study can be found in the process of coating wires. In fact, during such a process, thin wires in the slender cylinder need to be cooled, and also heat and mass transfer rates need to be controlled through nanofluid and liquid hydrogen to yield better results. By employing nonsimilar transformations, the partial differential equations governing the flow problem are reduced to dimensionless equations. Furthermore, the Quasilinearization technique and implicit finite difference scheme are used to solve the dimensionless governing equations. The novelty of the analysis is the impacts of surface roughness, diffusion of liquid hydrogen, and the presence of nonlinear mixed convective flow over a slender cylinder. The numerical results reveal that the energy transport strength and surface drag coefficient enhance with the roughness parameter values. The nanoparticle volume fraction profile reduces, while nanoparticle Sherwood number enhances with increasing values of velocity ratio parameter. The presence of nanoparticles in the conventional fluid diminishes the energy transfer value significantly for both smooth and rough surfaces. The velocity of the fluid enhances with increasing values of the mixed convection parameter. Due to surface roughness ( ≠ 0), sinusoidal variations of the drag are observed along the length of the cylinder in comparison to smooth surface case ( = 0). The friction between the fluid and the wall rises for a rough surface because pockets of fluid are formed in the cavities due to surface asperities.
Nonlinear approximation for natural convection and mass transfer in a vertical channel
Authors: Jha Basant K. , Samaila Gabriel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a nonlinear approximation for natural convection magnetohydrodynamics flow and mass transfer in a vertical passage filled with nanofluid with an induced magnetic field effect. The influence of the thermophoretic and Brownian motion diffusion is taken into account. The mathematical formulation comprises the significant impact of nonlinear density variation with temperature and concentration (NDTC) in the momentum equation. The uniform magnetic field is considered to be perpendicular to the vertical channel. The wall at y = 0 is considered to be nonconducting at constant heat flux whereas electrically conducting at a constant temperature at y = h. The analytic solution is achieved via the perturbation method for small thermophoretic and Brownian motion diffusion effects. The implications of the embedded parameters on the flow properties are demonstrated through graphs and tables. During the analysis, we discovered that under the influence of thermophoretic and Brownian motion diffusion, suction parameter augment decreases the mass transfer rate but the converse is true for Schmidt number. NDTC in the buoyancy term enhances the skin friction. The skin friction could be reduced by increasing the numerical values of Hartmann number, Prandtl number, magnetic Prandtl number, and suction parameter.