bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CORRELATION OF THYROID HORMONES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Natikar Jyothi A , G Asha , Shailaja Alapaty 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an international public health problem affecting about 5–10% of the population. It is the ninth leading cause of death. A trend towards increased incidence and prevalence is being reported worldwide with epidemic proportions in many countries. CKD is associated with variety of endocrine disturbances among which thyroid dysfunction is most common. This is probably due to reduce circulating hormone levels, altered binding of hormone to carrier protein or due to reduced peripheral metabolism of hormone.
Materials and Methods: The study included 100 patients diagnosed with CKD. Both male and female patients aged between 30-70 years were selected for the study. Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) was calculated using Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula. Total T3, Total T4, TSH levels were measured by CLIA methodology.
Results: Statistically significant alteration in TSH (p<0.01) values were seen with eGFR suggesting that alteration in the eGFR may lead to thyroid hormone resistance.
Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD), Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD)
The Relationship Between Upper Limb Function and Participation and Independence in Daily Activities of Life in People With Stroke
Authors:   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rofeideh Rehabilitation Hospital, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Akbarfahimi Nazila , Mazidi Mohammad Hassan ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Hosseini Seyed Ali ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Vahedi Mohsen ,   Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Iranian Research Center on Aging, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Amirzargar Nasibeh ,   Neurologis Rofeideh Rehabilitation Hospital, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Objective: Upperlimb function impairment is one of the most common consequences of stroke and a part of the motor functions, that has been considered as a necessary basis for the implementation of various of occupation and participation. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between upper extremity function and level of participation and independence in the activities of daily living in people with history of stroke in less than two years ago. Materials & Methods: This study is non-experimental and cross-sectional. Among those referring to University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences with a history of stroke in less than two years ago, the patients were selected by easy accessible sampling method. Upper limb performance was measured by Fogel-Meier and independency in daily living activities by the Functional Independence Scale (FIM) and participation by the Iranian Participation Questionnaire (IPQ).Data analysis was performed in SPSS V. 23 softwarebyusing Spearman correlation test. Results: The results showed that the correlation between upper limb performance and participation was a moderate direct relation (P=0.003, r=0.315) and there was a strong direct (r=0.625, P=0.00)correlation between upper limb performance and independence in activities of daily living. Conclusion: The relationship between upper limb function and independence in daily living activities is strong, so with further improvement and efficiency of the upper limbleadtoincreasesindependence in patients' activities of daily life. The relationship between upper limb function and participation is moderate, so to increase and improve the participation of stroke patients, in addition to upper limb mobility, other factors must be considered.
Lead poisoning prevention: A community-based participatory research program in Mississippi
Authors: Mitra Amal K , Lewis Charkarra Anderson 
Published: June 2021

Background and objectives: Lead poisoning is a preventable environmental health hazard. Although the prevalence of lead poisoning is declining, the rates are disproportionately high in selected communities. This community-based participatory research (CBPR) program aimed to enhance people’s awareness on lead poisoning prevention through community outreach and educational interventions in Mississippi.
Methods: Secondary data of 42,372 children obtained from the Mississippi State Department of Health were analyzed to identify the most affected communities in Mississippi. Community-based outreach and education activities were carried out in the most affected areas to increase population awareness on lead poisonig prevention.
Results: Hands-on training was offered to 25 participants at homebuilding retail stores. Of them, 23 (92%) reported the hands-on training was very useful or useful. Among 91 home-buyers and rental home owners who attended workshops offered by the Neighborhood Association, 90% mentioned that the training was useful or very useful. An online visual training was given to 220 realtors, and 75 inspectors, contractors, and Do-It-Yourself (DIY) workers. At posttest, 59.4%, 67.9%, 65.1% of the realtors, inspectors, contractors and DIY workers (n = 295) identified soil, car batteries and paint as sources of lead in the environment, respectively. A total of 62.3%, 48.1% and 58.5%, at posttest, identified three complications - behavioral, physical and psychological, respectively. The mean posttest score was significantly higher than the pretest scores (7.47 ± 2.07 vs. 6.60 ± 1.68, p = 0.04, respectively).
Conclusion: These outreach activities were successful in improving the knowledge of the community people on lead poisoning prevention.
Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2021; 15(1): 16-25
Radiofrequency ablation of varicose veins: experience at a tertiary hospital
Authors: Ganie Farooq A , Lone Ghulam Nabi , Khan Mohd Yaqoob , Manzoor Syed Mohsin , Bhat Mudasir Hamid , Ahmad Syed Nisar 
Published: June 2021

Background and objectives: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a recent modality of treatment of the affected varicose vein. In the present study, the outcome of great saphenous varicose vein disease treated by radiofrequency ablation technique was analyzed.
Methods: Patients with varicosities of the lower limb affecting mainly the great saphenous vein were (GSV) included. The procedures were carried out under spinal anesthesia. The target varicose vein was accessed by Seldinger technique and the RFA catheter advanced 2 to 3 cm below sapheno-femoral junction under ultrasonography (USG) guidance. A tumescent anesthetic infiltration was given in a solution of normal saline and sodium bicarbonate before the vein being ablated.
Results: The success rate of RFA was 97.5 % (39 out of 40). One patient showed episodic recanalisation of vein at one year duplex colour scan. Though the complications related to procedure were negligible, one patient developed endovenous heat induced thrombosis (EHIT) and non-fatal pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) which was managed adequately.
Conclusion: Endovenous RFA is a useful treatment modality for varicose vein disease primarily due to great saphenous insufficiency with marked symptomatic improvement and least recurrence. Although the complications are minimal, EHIT is a potential and serious complication of heat ablation.
Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2021; 15(1): 37-40
Endocrinopathies in thalassemia - a review
Authors: Haq Tahniyah , Ikhtaire Shapur , Rahman Farzana , Aurpa Nishat Nayla 
Published: June 2021

Improved treatment has increased survival of patients with thalassemia. However, they still suffer from several endocrine complications mainly as a result of iron overload from multiple transfusions. Endocrinopathies manifest as early as the first decade of life, affecting growth, puberty, psychological development and quality of life. The presence of concomitant anemia, chronic liver disease and cardiomyopathy affect the development and treatment of endocrine disorders, making endocrinopathies in thalassemia a complex disorder. This review focuses on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of endocrinopathies in transfusion and non transfusion dependent thalassemia. The main points that should be considered in the management of endocrine disorders in a patient with thalassemia are highlighted in this review.
Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2021; 15(1): 47-55
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK Bacillus subtilis DAN Saccharhomyces cerevisiae TERHADAP PRODUKSI AYAM LAYER UMUR 36 MINGGU
Authors: Sucipto Adi , Lisnanti E. F. , Rudiono D. 
Published: June 2021

900 ekor Isa Brown digunakan menentukan pengaruh dari bakteri Bacillus subtilis dan Saccharhomyces cerevisiae dalam bentuk 'pakan yang dicampur probiotik' untuk menghasilkan produksi pada umur 36 minggu. Evaluasi dilakukan selama 4 minggu masa peletakan di Pak suryono Farm, yang terletak di Desa Bendosari, Kecamatan Kademangan, Kota Blitar. Perlakuan pakan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu: P0 (30% pakan konsentrat + 50% jagung + 20% bekatul + 0,2% premix) dan P1 (30% pakan konsentrat + 50% jagung + 20% bekatul + 0,1% probiotik); analisis menggunakan t test. Perlakuan diulang 18 kali, dan masing-masing terdiri dari 25 ekor ayam. Parameter meliputi: Konsumsi Pakan (g / ekor / hari); Rasio Biaya Pakan; Berat Telur (g / ekor / hari); Hen Day Production (%); Hen House Production (%); Egg Mass (g / ekor / hari); dan Income Over Feed Cost (Rp / hari). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak berbeda nyata (P> 0,05) pada Berat Telur (66,65 vs 66,61 g / ekor / hari) dan Feed Convertion Ratio (2,38 vs 2,37). Tetapi, berbeda nyata (P <0,05) pada Hen Day Production (68,88 vs 70,20%), Hen House Production (68,67 vs 70,09%), Egg Mass (45,85 vs 46,69 g / ekor / hari), Konsumsi Pakan (106,08 vs 107,92 g / ekor / hari), dan Income Over Feed Cost (122,04 vs Rp 93,21 / hari). Disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan dapat meningkatkan performa produksi, tetapi tidak menguntungkan. Saran berdasarkan penelitian pakan yang dicampur probiotik dapat meningkatkan kinerja bakteri terutama pada saluran pencernaan.
EVALUASI NILAI DAYA LELEH DAN NILAI ORGANOLEPTIK ESKRIM BERBAHAN DASAR SUSU SAPI KOMBINASI DENGAN KACANG MERAH PADA LEVEL YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Muslimin Irmayani , Nurheda Nurheda , Novieta Intan Dwi , Nurfatima Nurfatima 
Published: June 2021

Es krim memiliki cita rasa yang beragam dan nilai gizi yang tinggi sehingga digemari oleh semua kalangan masyarakat mulai dari anak-anak, dewasa dan orang tua. Bahan utama eksrim adalah susu sapi dengan penambahan biji kacang merah memberikan nilai rasa tersendiri bagi eskrim. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kandungan nilai organoleptic dan nilai daya leleh eskrim dengan penambahan kacang merah dengan level yang berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 taraf perlakuan Ko (sebagai control), K1,K2, K3. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Uji organoleptic (Warna, rasa, tekstur dan aroma) berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) sedangkan untuk daya leleh eskrim berbahan dasar susu sapi kombinasi dengan kacang merah bepengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap kecepatan daya leleh es krim. Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah Persentase kacang merah(phaseoulus vulgaris L) pada es krim berpengaruh pada karakteristik organoleptik meliputi rasa, aroma, warna, dan tekstur, persentase kacang merah (Phaseoulus vulgaris L) yang paling baik digunakan dalam es krim yaitu persentase 10%, Semakin tinggi presentase penambahan kacang merah (Phaseoulus vulgaris L) dalam pembuatan es krim, maka semakin rendah daya leleh es krim.
Identification and Validation of an 11-Ferroptosis Related Gene Signature and Its Correlation With Immune Checkpoint Molecules in Glioma
Authors: Chen Zhuohui , Wu Tong , Yan Zhouyi , Zhang Mengqi 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundGlioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with significant mortality and morbidity. Ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death (PCD), is critically involved in tumorigenesis, progression and metastatic processes.MethodsWe revealed the relationship between ferroptosis-related genes and glioma by analyzing the mRNA expression profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), GSE16011, and the Repository of Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data (REMBRANDT) datasets. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was performed to construct a ferroptosis-associated gene signature in the TCGA cohort. Glioma patients from the CGGA, GSE16011, and REMBRANDT cohorts were used to validate the efficacy of the signature. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to measure the predictive performance of the risk score for overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of the 11-gene signature were performed to determine whether the ability of the prognostic signature in predicting OS was independent. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were conducted to identify the potential biological functions and pathways of the signature. Subsequently, we performed single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) to explore the correlation between risk scores and immune status. Finally, seven putative small molecule drugs were predicted by Connectivity Map.ResultsThe 11-gene signature was identified to divide patients into two risk groups. ROC curve analysis indicated the 11-gene signature as a potential diagnostic factor in glioma patients. Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the risk score was an independent predictive factor for overall survival. Functional analysis revealed that genes were enriched in iron-related molecular functions and immune-related biological processes. The results of ssGSEA indicated that the 11-gene signature was correlated with the initiation and progression of glioma. The small molecule drugs we selected showed significant potential to be used as putative drugs.Conclusionwe identified a novel ferroptosis-related gene signature for prognostic prediction in glioma patients and revealed the relationship between ferroptosis-related genes and immune checkpoint molecules.
Changes in Microbial Community Composition Related to Sex and Colon Cancer by Nrf2 Knockout
Authors: Song Chin-Hee , Kim Nayoung , Nam Ryoung Hee , Choi Soo In , Yu Jeong Eun , Nho Heewon , Surh Young-Joon 
Published: June 2021

The frequency of azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced carcinogenesis in male mice is higher than that in female mice. Previous studies have reported that 17β-estradiol inhibits tumorigenesis in males by modulating nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). This study aimed to investigate the changes in mouse gut microbiome composition based on sex, AOM/DSS-induced colorectal cancer (CRC), and Nrf2 genotype. The gut microbiome composition was determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing fecal samples obtained at week 16 post-AOM administration. In terms of sex differences, our results showed that the wild-type (WT) male control mice had higher alpha diversity (i.e. Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson) than the WT female control mice. The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) results revealed that the abundances of Akkermansia muciniphila and Lactobacillus murinus were higher in WT male control mice than in WT female controls. In terms of colon tumorigenesis, the alpha diversity of the male CRC group was lower than that of the male controls in both WT and Nrf2 KO, but did not show such changes in females. Furthermore, the abundance of A. muciniphila was higher in male CRC groups than in male controls in both WT and Nrf2 KO. The abundance of Bacteroides vulgatus was higher in WT CRC groups than in WT controls in both males and females. However, the abundance of L. murinus was lower in WT female CRC and Nrf2 KO male CRC groups than in its controls. The abundance of A. muciniphila was not altered by Nrf2 KO. In contrast, the abundances of L. murinus and B. vulgatus were changed differently by Nrf2 KO depending on sex and CRC. Interestingly, L. murinus showed negative correlation with tumor numbers in the whole colon. In addition, B. vulgatus showed positive correlation with inflammatory markers (i.e. myeloperoxidase and IL-1β levels), tumor numbers, and high-grade adenoma, especially, developed mucosal and submucosal invasive adenocarcinoma at the distal part of the colon. In conclusion, Nrf2 differentially alters the gut microbiota composition depending on sex and CRC induction.
Multiple Lines of Evidence for a Potentially Seismogenic Fault Along the Central-Apennine (Italy) Active Extensional Belt–An Unexpected Outcome of the MW6.5 Norcia 2016 Earthquake
Authors: Ferrarini Federica , de Nardis Rita , Brozzetti Francesco , Cirillo Daniele , Arrowsmith J Ramón , Lavecchia Giusy 
Published: June 2021

The Apenninic chain, in central Italy, has been recently struck by the Norcia 2016 seismic sequence. Three mainshocks, in 2016, occurred on August 24 (MW6.0), October 26 (MW5.9) and October 30 (MW6.5) along well-known late Quaternary active WSW-dipping normal faults. Coseismic fractures and hypocentral seismicity distribution are mostly associated with failure along the Mt Vettore-Mt Bove (VBF) fault. Nevertheless, following the October 26 shock, the aftershock spatial distribution suggests the activation of a source not previously mapped beyond the northern tip of the VBF system. In this area, a remarkable seismicity rate was observed also during 2017 and 2018, the most energetic event being the April 10, 2018 (MW4.6) normal fault earthquake. In this paper, we advance the hypothesis that the Norcia seismic sequence activated a previously unknown seismogenic source. We constrain its geometry and seismogenic behavior by exploiting: 1) morphometric analysis of high-resolution topographic data; 2) field geologic- and morphotectonic evidence within the context of long-term deformation constraints; 3) 3D seismological validation of fault activity, and 4) Coulomb stress transfer modeling. Our results support the existence of distributed and subtle deformation along normal fault segments related to an immature structure, the Pievebovigliana fault (PBF). The fault strikes in NNW-SSE direction, dips to SW and is in right-lateral en echelon setting with the VBF system. Its activation has been highlighted by most of the seismicity observed in the sector. The geometry and location are compatible with volumes of enhanced stress identified by Coulomb stress-transfer computations. Its reconstructed length (at least 13 km) is compatible with the occurrence of MW≥6.0 earthquakes in a sector heretofore characterized by low seismic activity. The evidence for PBF is a new observation associated with the Norcia 2016 seismic sequence and is consistent with the overall tectonic setting of the area. Its existence implies a northward extent of the intra-Apennine extensional domain and should be considered to address seismic hazard assessments in central Italy.
Application of a Diatom Transfer Function to Quantitative Paleoclimatic Reconstruction — A Case Study of Yunlong Lake, Southwest China
Authors: Zou Yafei , Wang Luo , He Haibo , Liu Guangxin , Zhang Jiaoyang , Yan Yao , Gu Zhaoyan , Zheng Hongbo 
Published: June 2021

Although diatom records from lake sediments have been used for quantitative paleoclimatic reconstruction, their validity and sensitivity have rarely been tested rigorously. At Yunlong Lake, an alpine lake in Southwest China, we studied the seasonal succession of diatom assemblages to produce a mean surface water temperature (MSWT) transfer function. In addition, based on the spatial distribution of surface diatom assemblages with water depth, we produced a diatom-water depth (WD) transfer function. Combined with the analysis of diatom assemblages in a sediment core (YL2013-A), changes in surface water temperature and water level over the last ∼100 years were quantitatively reconstructed using the diatom-based transfer functions. Comparison with records of regional meteorology and reservoir water capacity revealed that the diatom-based lake water level reconstruction is a sensitive indicator of short-term fluctuations in precipitation, and it also reflects a long-term stepwise rise in water level caused by the impounding and large-scale extension of the reservoir. In addition, the diatom-inferred MSWT is consistent with the changes in air temperature prior to large-scale human disturbance of the site. However, after the extension of the reservoir, although the regional air temperature continued to increase, the water temperature decreased substantially. This suggests that the large increase in lake water volume in the short term led to a decrease in the average water temperature, which in turn led to the occurrence of a diatom bloom in the cold season. The results demonstrate that diatom transfer functions based on modern observations of the same lake has a high environmental sensitivity and can be used for the quantitative reconstruction of regional climate change. Overall, our findings provide a foundation for the use of lake diatom records for quantitative paleoclimatic reconstruction on various timescales.
Soluble Neuropilin-1 Response to Hypoglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: Increased Risk or Protection in SARS-CoV-2 Infection?
Authors: Moin Abu Saleh Md , Al-Qaissi Ahmed , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Atkin Stephen L. , Butler Alexandra E. 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionNeuropilin-1(NRP1) is a cofactor that enhances SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus cell infectivity when co-expressed with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2). The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is activated in type 2 diabetes (T2D); therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if hypoglycaemia-induced stress in T2D would potentiate serum NRP1(sNRP1) levels, reflecting an increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsA case-control study of aged-matched T2D (n = 23) and control (n = 23) subjects who underwent a hyperinsulinemic clamp over 1-hour to hypoglycemia(&lt;40mg/dl) with subsequent timecourse of 4-hours and 24-hours. Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer (SOMA)-scan plasma protein measurement determined RAS-related proteins: renin (REN), angiotensinogen (AGT), ACE2, soluble NRP1(sNRP1), NRP1 ligands (Vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF and Class 3 Semaphorins, SEM3A) and NRP1 proteolytic enzyme (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 9, ADAM9).ResultsBaseline RAS overactivity was present with REN elevated and AGT decreased in T2D (p&lt;0.05); ACE2 was unchanged. Baseline sNRP1, VEGF and ADAM9 did not differ between T2D and controls and remained unchanged in response to hypoglycaemia. However, 4-hours post-hypoglycemia, sNRP1, VEGF and ADAM9 were elevated in T2D(p&lt;0.05). SEMA3A was not different at baseline; at hypoglycemia, SEMA3A decreased in controls only. Post-hypoglycemia, SEMA3A levels were higher in T2D versus controls. sNRP1 did not correlate with ACE2, REN or AGT. T2D subjects stratified according to ACE inhibitor (ACEi) therapies showed no difference in sNRP1 levels at either glucose normalization or hypoglycaemia.ConclusionHypoglycemia potentiated both plasma sNRP1 level elevation and its ligands VEGF and SEMA3A, likely through an ADAM9-mediated mechanism that was not associated with RAS overactivity or ACEi therapy; however, whether this is protective or promotes increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection in T2D is unclear.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT03102801.