bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technical and economic review of the reconversion of refrigerants in an air conditioner: HFCF to HC in Honduras
Authors: Leiva Carvajal D , Reyes Duke A , Carrasco Bardales A , Amador Iscoa P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the result of a non-experimental investigation on the reconversion of an air conditioner replacing its refrigerant R22 for R290 to achieve a more environmentally sustainable system. First a cooling load analysis was conducted to determine the thermal power that must be extracted from the working area. An ideal thermodynamic cycle was designed based on the usual performance of this system; Engineering Equation Solver was used to analyze the system performance. To study R290 implementation in the original system two cases were proposed: maintaining the same cooling capacity and using 50% of the original mass for the new refrigerant. In the first case capacity flow mass rate, mass charge, compression ratio and refrigerant effect was better for R290, but COP and EER was higher in R22 systems determining a better performance overall. In the second analysis a better performance for the system was obtained. Also, an economic overview of the reconversion is offered, resulting in a cost benefit higher than 1 which indicates a project where the inversion made turns in benefits in long term. To end the emissions of each refrigerant was calculated and R290, as expected, showed considerably lower emissions compared to R22.
Periodic solutions of partial functional differential equations
Authors: Su Qiuyi , Ruan Shigui 
Published: May 2021

In this paper we study the existence of periodic solutions to the partial functional differential equation

{

d
y
(
t
)

d
t

=
B
y
(
t
)
+

L
^

(

y

t

)
+
f
(
t
,

y

t

)
,

∀
t
≥
0
,

y

0

=
φ
∈

C

B

.

\begin{equation*} \left \{ \begin {array}{l} \frac {dy(t)}{dt}=By(t)+\hat {L}(y_{t})+f(t,y_{t}), \;\forall t\geq 0,\\ y_{0}=\varphi \in C_{B}. \end{array} \right . \end{equation*}

where

B
:
Y
→
Y

B: Y \rightarrow Y

is a Hille-Yosida operator on a Banach space

Y
Y

. For

C

B

≔
{
φ
∈
C
(
[
−
r
,
0
]
;
Y
)
:
φ
(
0
)
∈

D
(
B
)

¯

}

C_{B}≔\{\varphi \in C([-r,0];Y): \varphi (0)\in \overline {D(B)}\}

,

y

t

∈

C

B

y_{t}\in C_{B}

is defined by

y

t

(
θ
)
=
y
(
t
+
θ
)

y_{t}(\theta )=y(t+\theta )

,

θ
∈
[
−
r
,
0
]

\theta \in [-r,0]

,

L
^

:

C

B

→
Y

\hat {L}: C_{B}\rightarrow Y

is a bounded linear operator, and

f
:

R

×

C

B

→
Y

f:\mathbb {R}\times C_{B}\rightarrow Y

is a continuous map and is

T
T

-periodic in the time variable

t
t

. Sufficient conditions on

B
B

,

L
^

\hat {L}

and

f
(
t
,

y

t

)

f(t,y_{t})

are given to ensure the existence of

T
T

-periodic solutions. The results then are applied to establish the existence of periodic solutions in a reaction-diffusion equation with time delay and the diffusive Nicholson’s blowflies equation.
A Novel Peptide Ameliorates TNFα- and LPS-Induced Endothelia Dysfunction in Preeclampsia
Authors: Ji Xiaohong , Li Chanjuan , Lv Yan , Miao Zhijing , Wu Lan , Long Wei , Wang Xing , Ding Hongjuan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
To investigate the protective effects of the novel peptide antiendothelial dysfunction peptide in preeclampsia (AEDPPE) on tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced injury in the vascular endothelium in preeclampsia.

Methods
The effects of AEDPPE on TNFα-induced vascular endothelial injury were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative real-time PCR, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, THP-1 monocyte–human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion assay, endothelial tube-forming assay, transcriptomic analysis, preeclamptic symptom analysis, and histological analysis in preeclampsia-like rat models induced by LPS.

Results
AEDPPE alleviated the upregulation of antiangiogenic factors including soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, endothelin-1, and tissue plasminogen activator and attenuated the reduction in mitochondrial potential induced by TNFα in HUVECs. In addition, AEDPPE treatment counteracted the decrease in tube formation and decreased the numbers of THP-1 monocytes attached to HUVECs caused by TNFα. Mechanistically, cytokine–cytokine receptor interactions enriched many genes and the TNF signaling pathway may be involved in this phenomenon. Moreover, cotreatment with LPS and AEDPPE significantly reversed the preeclampsia-like phenotype including hypertension and proteinuria and improved the functions of the kidney and placenta.

Conclusions
AEDPPE effectively ameliorated the vascular endothelial injury induced by TNFα and LPS in preeclampsia. We suggest that AEDPPE may be a novel therapeutic candidate for preeclampsia treatment. These findings demonstrate that AEDPPE may play an effective role in ameliorating vascular endothelial dysfunction and be a potential therapeutic agent for preeclampsia.
SimText: a text mining framework for interactive analysis and visualization of similarities among biomedical entities
Authors: Macnee Marie , Pérez-Palma Eduardo , Schumacher-Bass Sarah , Dalton Jarrod , Leu Costin , Blankenberg Daniel , Lal Dennis 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Summary
Literature exploration in PubMed on a large number of biomedical entities (e.g. genes, diseases or experiments) can be time-consuming and challenging, especially when assessing associations between entities. Here, we describe SimText, a user-friendly toolset that provides customizable and systematic workflows for the analysis of similarities among a set of entities based on text. SimText can be used for (i) text collection from PubMed and extraction of words with different text mining approaches, and (ii) interactive analysis and visualization of data using unsupervised learning techniques in an interactive app.

Availability and implementation
We developed SimText as an open-source R software and integrated it into Galaxy (https://usegalaxy.eu), an online data analysis platform with supporting self-learning training material available at https://training.galaxyproject.org. A command-line version of the toolset is available for download from GitHub (https://github.com/dlal-group/simtext) or as Docker image (https://hub.docker.com/r/dlalgroup/simtext/tags.).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
LevioSAM: fast lift-over of variant-aware reference alignments
Authors: Mun Taher , Chen Nae-Chyun , Langmead Ben 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Motivation
As more population genetics datasets and population-specific references become available, the task of translating (‘lifting’) read alignments from one reference coordinate system to another is becoming more common. Existing tools generally require a chain file, whereas VCF files are the more common way to represent variation. Existing tools also do not make effective use of threads, creating a post-alignment bottleneck.

Results
LevioSAM is a tool for lifting SAM/BAM alignments from one reference to another using a VCF file containing population variants. LevioSAM uses succinct data structures and scales efficiently to many threads. When run downstream of a read aligner, levioSAM is more than 7 times faster than an aligner when both are run with 16 threads.

Availability and implementation
Software Package: https://github.com/alshai/levioSAM, Experiments: https://github.com/langmead-lab/levioSAM-experiments

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
White Matter Structural and Network Topological Changes Underlying the Behavioral Phenotype of MECP2 Mutant Monkeys
Authors: Wang Jiaojian , Wang Zhengbo , Zhang Hongjiang , Feng Shufei , Lu Yi , Wang Shuang , Wang Hong , Sun Yi Eve , Chen Yongchang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To explore the brain structural basis underlying the behavioral abnormalities associated with Rett syndrome (RTT), we carried out detailed longitudinal noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging analyses of RTT monkey models created by gene-editing, from weaning, through adolescence, till sexual maturation. Here, we report abnormal developmental dynamics of brain white matter (WM) microstructures and network topological organizations via diffusion tensor imaging. Specifically, disrupted WM microstructural integrity was observed at 9 months, but recovered thereafter, whereas WM network topological properties showed persistent abnormal dynamics from 9 to 37 months. Changes in the WM microstructure and WM network topology were correlated well with RTT-associated behavioral abnormalities including sleep latency, environmental exploration, and conflict encounters. Deleterious and protracted early WM myelination process likely lead to abnormal synaptic pruning, resulting in poor functional segregations. Together, this study provides initial evidence for changes in WM microstructure and network topological organization, which may underlie the neuro-patho-etilogy of RTT.
A Fully Validated UHPLC–MS/MS Method for the Estimation of Pimavanserin in Human (K2EDTA) Plasma and its Application to a Clinical Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Aalapati Kiran Kumar , Singh Amit , Patnaik Ranjana S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A simple, fast and extremely sensitive for estimating Pimavanserin in human (K2EDTA) plasma using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) was newly developed and validated. Sample extraction was accomplished using a partition liquid extraction (LLE—liquid–liquid extraction) procedure utilizing extraction solvent, methyl tertiary butyl ether. Separation of the components, chromatography, was done using a C18 chromatographic analytical column employing acetonitrile:methanol: 0.1% formic acid solution (40:40:20 volume by volume) pumped with 0.800 mL/min as the flow rate. For Pimavanserin, the established methodology was linear throughout the calibration curve range from 0.25ng/mL till 50.0 ng/mL. Results of intraday and interday accuracy and precision of Pimavanserin met recent regulatory requirements. This methodology was effectively used to estimate Pimavanserin in vivo human (K2EDTA) plasma concentration for a clinical pharmacokinetic study.
Mapping computational thinking mindsets between educational levels with cognitive network science
Authors: Stella M , Kapuza A , Cramer C , Uzzo S 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA significant aspect of computational thinking is as a way of reasoning about the world in terms of data. This mindset channels number-crunching toward an ambition to discover knowledge through logic, models and simulations. Here we show how computational cognitive science can be used to reconstruct and analyse the structure of computational thinking mindsets (forma mentis in Latin) through complex networks. As a case study, we investigate cognitive networks tied to key concepts of computational thinking provided by (i) 159 high school students enrolled in a science curriculum and (ii) 59 researchers in complex systems and simulations. Researchers’ reconstructed knowledge highlighted a positive mindset about scientific modelling, semantically framing data and simulations as ways of discovering nature. Students correctly identified different aspects of logic reasoning but perceived ‘computation’ as a distressing, anxiety-eliciting task, framed with math jargon and lacking links to real-world discovery. Students’ mindsets around ‘data’, ‘model’ and ‘simulations’ critically revealed no awareness of numerical modelling as a way for understanding the world. Our findings provide evidence of a crippled computational thinking mindset in students, who acquire mathematical skills that are not channelled toward real-world discovery through coding. This unlinked knowledge ends up being perceived as distressing number-crunching expertise with no relevant outcome. The virtuous mindset of researchers reported here indicates that computational thinking can be restored by training students specifically in coding, modelling and simulations in relation to discovering nature. Our approach opens innovative ways for quantifying computational thinking and enhancing its development through mindset reconstruction.
Malleability of food values amid the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cerroni Simone , Nayga, Jr Rodolfo M , Pappalardo Gioacchino , Yang Wei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Food values are supposed to be stable. This paper tests this assumption by comparing food values before and during the coronavirus-19 pandemic. While the ranking of food values remains very similar, there are some interesting differences in the relative importance that consumers attached to food values before and during the pandemic. A substantial decrease in the importance that consumers attach to food safety was observed during the pandemic, while there was a moderate increase in the importance attached to taste, nutrition, appearance, convenience and origin. The changes in food values vary across sociodemographic groups. Implications of the results are discussed.
May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Slovenia
Authors: Božič Ješe Nina , Knez Judita , Dolenc Primož , Beaney Thomas , Clarke Jonathan , Poulter Neil R , Brguljan Hitij Jana 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Accounting for an estimated 10.4 million deaths each year, arterial hypertension is a worldwide epidemic. However, it is a treatable condition that can be readily recognized with cost-effective blood pressure (BP) measurements. Alongside continuous improvements in BP control and treatment, worldwide strategies aim to achieve a high level of hypertension awareness. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global campaign initiated by the International Society of Hypertension to raise awareness of high BP. Slovenia began with yearly cost-free BP measurements and awareness campaigns in 2005 when World Hypertension Day was announced by the World Hypertension League and in 2017, we joined the MMM initiative. In May 2019, we performed a cross-sectional survey following the standardized MMM protocol. Healthcare personnel obtained BP measurements in a sample of adult subjects (≥18 years) across all regions of the country, mostly in healthcare facilities and pharmacies. In total, 4974 individuals (61.1% female), with a mean age of 59.6 years, were screened. After multiple imputation for missing data, 3037 (61.1%) participants had hypertension. Of individuals not receiving antihypertensive medication, 973 (33.4%) were hypertensive. Of those who reported receiving antihypertensives, 1110 (53.8%) had uncontrolled BP. MMM19 was the largest BP screening campaign undertaken in Slovenia so far. We again identified a substantial number of participants with possible hypertension and uncontrolled BP despite taking antihypertensive medication, which were then referred to their general practitioners or dedicated hypertension centres for further evaluation and management. Taken together, our findings underline the importance of opportunistic screening programmes.
May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Tunisia
Authors: Haj Amor Sina , Beaney Thomas , Saidi Olfa , Clarke Jonathan , Poulter Neil R , Ben Alaya Nissaf , Ben Romdhane Habiba ,   MMM Tunisian Working Group, Hamdi Yahia Nada , Hammoud Hedi ben , houssem Houda , Telmoudi Wafa , Bouraoui Faouzia Ben , Azzoun Nadia Ben , Mansour Ali , Tabbal Amor , Bouaoun Taher , Arfa Hajer , Jallouli Amel , Dhaher Adel , Borni Moncef , Mhamdi Mouna , Balali Ikram , Louti Salma , Mchirgui Hassen , Aloui Nawel el , Mili Maroua , Mekki  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We performed a May Measurement Month (MMM) screening campaign among adult volunteers aged 18 years old and over in Tunisia. The objective was to raise awareness, and to estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, one of the main cardiovascular risk factors. Following the MMM protocol, three blood pressure (BP) measurements were taken by physicians and standard interviewing procedures were used to record medical history, socio-demographic, and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg or treatment with antihypertensive medication. From 11 271 adults screened, the prevalence of hypertension was 38.1%. Among those with hypertension, 72.5% were aware of their diagnosis, and 67.5% were treated. BP control was achieved in only 38.2% of all those with hypertension. The study highlights the magnitude of hypertension in Tunisia. There is an urgent need for implementing a comprehensive integrated population-based intervention programme to ameliorate the growing problem of hypertension.
May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Lebanon
Authors: Najem Robert N , Halawi Ahmad , Tanios Bassem , Ambriss Rasha , Bikai Rana El , Partington Giles , Beaney Thomas , Poulter Neil R , Alfa Ali K Abu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Hypertension is an important public health concern of high prevalence among adults. It is associated with an increased mortality rate. The prevalence of hypertension in Lebanon has increased during the last decades, affecting around one-third of the Lebanese population. Since diagnosis and treatment of hypertension is associated with a better prognosis, annual screening and raising awareness about this ‘silent killer’ disease is of extreme value. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in various Lebanese cities in 2019. We recruited adults (≥18 years old) from different sites, through an opportunistic sampling method. For each participant, three blood pressure (BP) readings were recorded and the average of the last two was analysed. In addition, data on lifestyle factors and comorbidities were collected. Participants were considered hypertensive if they had at least one of the following: systolic or diastolic BP ≥140 and/or ≥90 mmHg, respectively, or taking antihypertensive medication. Blood pressure was measured in 7019 participants. The mean age was 46.0 (SD 16.6) years. In total, 2572 participants (36.6%) had hypertension among whom only 64.1% were aware of their disease and 62.3% were on treatment. Blood pressure was controlled in 62.6% of participants taking antihypertensive medications. This study is the largest on hypertension prevalence in Lebanon. The results demonstrated that around one-third of the hypertensive population were not aware of their disease, and that a high percentage was not being treated. These results suggest the need for rapid interventions aimed at raising awareness regarding hypertension in the Lebanese population.
May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Zambia
Authors: Goma Fastone , Syatalimi Charity , Tembo Penias , Mukupa Musawa , Chikopela Theresa , Kaluba Longa , Henry Malory , Partington Giles , Beaney Thomas , Poulter Neil R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In Zambia, hypertension accounts for the highest proportion of deaths due to cardiovascular diseases causing 3.3% of all deaths, killing an average of 670 people per year. May Measurement Month (MMM) is an annual global screening campaign aiming to improve awareness of blood pressure (BP) at the individual and population level. Adults (≥18 years) recruited through opportunistic sampling were screened at multiple sites within Lusaka during May and June 2019. Ideally, three BP readings were measured for each participant, and data on lifestyle factors and comorbidities were collected. Data were analysed centrally by the MMM project team and multiple imputations were performed where necessary. Of the total of 9232 enrolled, 8.7% of them had never had their BP measured, 2.5% had diabetes mellitus, 1.9% had had a myocardial infarction, 1.5% had had a stroke, 10.6% were current smokers, and 10.0% consumed alcohol once or more per week. Blood pressure fell from a mean of 128.6/82.9 mmHg for the 1st reading to a mean of 123.2/80.0 mmHg for the 3rd reading. The lowest proportion of participants with hypertension was identified by the 3rd reading alone (30.0%). Of all the participants, 30.7% had hypertension, though only 42.6% of them were aware of their diagnosis. Seven hundred and eighty-three (27.6%) were on antihypertensive medication though only 35.0% of them had controlled BP (systolic BP &lt;140 mmHg and diastolic BP &lt;90 mmHg). Compared with MMM17 data, there is deterioration of the monitored parameters calling for urgent and accelerated public health policy and clinical practice interventions. We think that the MMM campaign should continue annually to raise awareness of this treatable condition.
May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Authors: Myanganbayar Maral , Boldbaatar Khatantuul , Tuvdendarjaa Khulan , Beaney Thomas , Partington Giles , Baatarsuren Uurtsaikh , Bayarsaikhan Nomin-Erdene , Davaadamdin Orkhonselenge , Bungert Andreas , Campbell Norm R C , Poulter Neil R , Dashdorj Naranjargal 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Mortality from haemorrhagic stroke and ischaemic heart disease per 10 000 people in Mongolia ranks among the highest in the world. The main risk factor being hypertension. We aimed to screen hypertension for the working people in their workplace who rarely visit primary clinics. Two hundred health care volunteers were trained for blood pressure (BP) measuring technique and providing healthy lifestyle advice. Screening was performed at 80 sites, the majority were workplaces, over a period of 60 days when the May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign launched in May 2019. Hypertension was defined by the standard MMM guidance, as systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg (based on the mean of the second and third measurement), or taking anti-hypertensive medication. Blood pressure measuring digital devices (Omron-M3, Microlife A6 PC) were all clinically verified and approved for clinical use. A total of 6522 individuals (majority 67.8% male and mean age 37.0 ± 10.4) were screened. The proportion of hypertensive adults was 32.5%, of whom, 62.2% were aware of their hypertension, and 50.1% were on medication. The control rate for those on treatment was 27.1%. Non-communicable disease risk factors were 51.2% (3342) overweight/obese (19.5% obese), 38.7% (2523) smoking, 64.4% (4200) alcohol consumption, 4.5% (294) previously diagnosed with diabetes, and 1.3% and 1.1% with a heart attack or stroke, respectively. We conclude that hypertension management needs to be prioritized and increased awareness is required in the population.