bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Return to Work and Sport After Distal Femoral Osteotomy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bassi Jaspal S. , Chan Justin P. , Johnston Tyler , Wang Dean 
Published: September 2021

Context: Distal femoral osteotomy (DFO) is a joint preservation procedure that corrects genu valgum deformities and patellofemoral maltracking, thereby restoring kinematics and unloading contact pressures in the lateral tibiofemoral and patellofemoral compartments. Objective: To evaluate the rates of return to work (RTW) and return to sport (RTS) after DFO for valgus malalignment and lateral compartment osteoarthritis through a systematic review of the literature. Data Sources: A systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted on the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases. Study Selection: The search terms femoral osteotomy AND ( sports OR work) were used. Studies in which patients underwent concomitant total knee arthroplasty were excluded. Study Design: Systematic review. Level of Evidence: Level 4 (systematic review of level 4 studies). Data Extraction: Data included the number of patients, age, gender, laterality of operation, time to follow-up, rate of RTW and RTS, time to RTS, activity level on return, and activity level scores (Tegner, Marx, Lysholm, and the International Knee Documentation Committee). Risk of bias was assessed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) criteria. Results: Seven articles with 194 patients were included. The average age ranged from 19 to 49 years with a mean postoperative follow-up range of 36 to 90 months. RTW data were available for 125 patients, of whom 42.1% to 91.3% returned by final follow-up. Data on RTS were available for 149 patients, of whom 70% to 100% returned at a range of 8.3 to 16.9 months postoperatively, and 41.6% to 100% returned to the same or greater level of sports activity. The Tegner and Marx activity level scores ranged from 3 to 4 and from 5 to 11, respectively, at final follow-up. Conclusion: Patients treated with DFO reported high rates of RTW and RTS, with most patients being able to return to recreational sport after surgery.
Learning From Cervical Cancer Survivors: An Examination of Barriers and Facilitators to Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women in the United States
Authors: Senkomago Virginia , Greek April , Jackson J. Elizabeth , Thomas Cheryll C. , Richardson Lisa C. , Benard Vicki B. 
Published: September 2021

Background: Screening and timely follow-up have lowered cervical cancer incidence in the US; however, screening coverage, incidence, and death rates have remained fairly stable in recent years. Studies suggest that half of women diagnosed with cervical cancer don’t receive appropriate screening prior to diagnosis; cervical cancer survivors can provide crucial insight into barriers and facilitators to screening. Methods: Participants were cervical cancer survivors ≥21 years, identified through population-based central cancer registries (CR) in 3 US states or a social network (SN), Cervivor. CR participants completed a mailed survey on screening history, barriers, and facilitators to screening and sociodemographic data. SN participants completed the same survey online. Results: CR participants (N = 480) were older, with a lower proportion of non-Hispanic white, married, and insured women compared to SN participants (N = 148). Fifty percent of CR and 79% of SN participants were screened 5 years prior to their diagnoses. Of those screened, 28% in both groups reported not following-up on abnormal results. For both groups, the most frequently identified screening barrier was that participants never imagined they would develop cervical cancer (percent agree CR = 76%; SN = 86%), and the facilitator was wanting to take care of their bodies (CR = 95%; SN = 94%). Conclusion: Addressing key barriers to obtaining screening and timely follow-up related to lack of knowledge of cervical cancer risk and screening tests and addressing insurance coverage in the design or modification of interventions may increase cervical cancer screening and lower cervical cancer incidence in the US.
Broad phenotypic impact of the effects of transgenerational heat stress in dairy cattle: a study of four consecutive generations
Authors: Weller Joel Ira , Ezra Ephraim , Gershoni Moran 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Global warming has increased the frequency of heat stress in livestock. Although heat stress directly leads to negative effects on production and reproduction traits in dairy cattle, the transgenerational transition of these changes is poorly understood. We hypothesized that heat stress in pregnant cows might induce epigenetic modifications in the developing embryo germ cells, which, in turn, might lead to phenotypic effects in the offspring. Here, we examined whether transgenerational effects of heat stress contribute to the phenotypic expression of economic traits in Israel dairy cattle. Since heat stress in Israel occurs specifically between June and October, first we examined the association of the month of birth of F1 cows (pregnancy of the F0 dam) with the performance of the F2 and F3 female offspring. Then, we calculated an annual heat stress index and examined the association of the heat stress index during the pregnancy of the F0 dam with the performance of her F2 and F3 offspring. Finally, we examined intergenerational interactions of heat stress by comparing the performance of F3 cows according to the pregnancy seasons of the F0 and F1 animals.

Results
We found a significant association of the month of birth, season of pregnancy, and heat stress index of F0 females, with the performance of their F2 and F3 progenies, which suggests a true transgenerational effect. The most significant transgenerational effects were on fat yield and concentration, dystocia, still-birth, and maturation.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that heat stress during pregnancy affects the performance of offspring, regardless of life circumstances in at least the last three generations. Therefore, heat stress can reduce selection efficiency in breeding programs and may have economic significance in livestock.
Genetic diversity and variation of seven Chinese grass shrimp (Palaemonetes sinensis) populations based on the mitochondrial COI gene
Authors: Zhao Yingying , Zhu Xiaochen , Jiang Ye , Li Zhi , Li Xin , Xu Weibin , Wei Hua , Li Yingdong , Li Xiaodong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundChinese grass shrimp (Palaemonetes sinensis) is an important species widely distributed throughout China, which is ecologically relevant and possesses ornamental and economic value. These organisms have experienced a sharp decline in population due to overfishing. Therefore interest inP. sinensisaquaculture has risen in an effort to alleviate fishing pressure on wild populations. Therefore, we investigated the genetic diversity and variation ofP. sinensisto verify the accuracy of previous research results, as well as to assess the risk of diversity decline in wild populations and provide data for artificial breeding.MethodsPalaemonetes sinensisspecimens from seven locations were collected and their genetic variability was assessed based on mitochondrialCOIgene segments. DNA sequence polymorphisms for each population were estimated using DNASP 6.12. The demographic history and genetic variation were evaluated using Arlequin 3.11. At last, the pairwise genetic distance (Ds) values and dendrograms were constructed with the MEGA 11 software package.ResultsOur study obtained sequences from 325 individuals, and 41 haplotypes were identified among the populations. The haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (π) indices ranged from 0.244 ± 0.083 to 0.790 ± 0.048 and from 0.0004 ± 0.0001 to 0.0028 ± 0.0006, respectively. Haplotype network analyses identified haplotype Hap_1 as a potential maternal ancestral haplotype for the studied populations. AMOVA results indicated that genetic variations mainly occurred within populations (73.07%). Moreover, according to the maximum variation among groups (FCT), analysis of molecular variance using the optimal two-group scheme indicated that the maximum variation occurred among groups (53.36%). Neutrality and mismatch distribution tests suggested thatP. sinensisunderwent a recent population expansion. Consistent with the SAMOVA analysis and haplotype network analyses, theDs andFSTbetween the population pairs indicated that the JN population was distinctive from the others.ConclusionsOur study conducted a comprehensive characterization of seven wildP. sinensispopulations, and our findings elucidated highly significant differences within populations. The JN population was differentiated from the other six populations, as a result of long-term geographical separation. Overall, the present study provided a valuable basis for the management of genetic resources and a better understanding of the ecology and evolution of this species.
High contiguity de novo genome assembly and DNA modification analyses for the fungus fly, Sciara coprophila, using single-molecule sequencing
Authors: Urban John M. , Foulk Michael S. , Bliss Jacob E. , Coleman C. Michelle , Lu Nanyan , Mazloom Reza , Brown Susan J. , Spradling Allan C. , Gerbi Susan A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The lower Dipteran fungus fly, Sciara coprophila, has many unique biological features that challenge the rule of genome DNA constancy. For example, Sciara undergoes paternal chromosome elimination and maternal X chromosome nondisjunction during spermatogenesis, paternal X elimination during embryogenesis, intrachromosomal DNA amplification of DNA puff loci during larval development, and germline-limited chromosome elimination from all somatic cells. Paternal chromosome elimination in Sciara was the first observation of imprinting, though the mechanism remains a mystery. Here, we present the first draft genome sequence for Sciara coprophila to take a large step forward in addressing these features.

Results
We assembled the Sciara genome using PacBio, Nanopore, and Illumina sequencing. To find an optimal assembly using these datasets, we generated 44 short-read and 50 long-read assemblies. We ranked assemblies using 27 metrics assessing contiguity, gene content, and dataset concordance. The highest-ranking assemblies were scaffolded using BioNano optical maps. RNA-seq datasets from multiple life stages and both sexes facilitated genome annotation. A set of 66 metrics was used to select the first draft assembly for Sciara. Nearly half of the Sciara genome sequence was anchored into chromosomes, and all scaffolds were classified as X-linked or autosomal by coverage.

Conclusions
We determined that X-linked genes in Sciara males undergo dosage compensation. An entire bacterial genome from the Rickettsia genus, a group known to be endosymbionts in insects, was co-assembled with the Sciara genome, opening the possibility that Rickettsia may function in sex determination in Sciara. Finally, the signal level of the PacBio and Nanopore data support the presence of cytosine and adenine modifications in the Sciara genome, consistent with a possible role in imprinting.
A rice mTERF protein V14 sustains photosynthesis establishment and temperature acclimation in early seedling leaves
Authors: Wang Man , Zhou Feng , Wang Hong Mei , Xue De Xing , Liu Yao-Guang , Zhang Qun Yu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Plant mitochondrial transcription termination factor (mTERF) family members play important roles in development and stress tolerance through regulation of organellar gene expression. However, their molecular functions have yet to be clearly defined.

Results
Here an mTERF gene V14 was identified by fine mapping using a conditional albino mutant v14 that displayed albinism only in the first two true leaves, which was confirmed by transgenic complementation tests. Subcellular localization and real-time PCR analyses indicated that V14 encodes a chloroplastic protein ubiquitously expressed in leaves while spiking in the second true leaf. Chloroplastic gene expression profiling in the pale leaves of v14 through real-time PCR and Northern blotting analyses showed abnormal accumulation of the unprocessed transcripts covering the rpoB-rpoC1 and/or rpoC1-rpoC2 intercistronic regions accompanied by reduced abundance of the mature rpoC1 and rpoC2 transcripts, which encode two core subunits of the plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase (PEP). Subsequent immunoblotting analyses confirmed the reduced accumulation of RpoC1 and RpoC2. A light-inducible photosynthetic gene psbD was also found down-regulated at both the mRNA and protein levels. Interestingly, such stage-specific aberrant posttranscriptional regulation and psbD expression can be reversed by high temperatures (30 ~ 35 °C), although V14 expression lacks thermo-sensitivity. Meanwhile, three V14 homologous genes were found heat-inducible with similar temporal expression patterns, implicating their possible functional redundancy to V14.

Conclusions
These data revealed a critical role of V14 in chloroplast development, which impacts, in a stage-specific and thermo-sensitive way, the appropriate processing of rpoB-rpoC1-rpoC2 precursors and the expression of certain photosynthetic proteins. Our findings thus expand the knowledge of the molecular functions of rice mTERFs and suggest the contributions of plant mTERFs to photosynthesis establishment and temperature acclimation.
Live video from bystanders’ smartphones to medical dispatchers in real emergencies
Authors: Linderoth Gitte , Lippert Freddy , Østergaard Doris , Ersbøll Annette K. , Meyhoff Christian S. , Folke Fredrik , Christensen Helle C. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Medical dispatchers have limited information to assess the appropriate emergency response when citizens call the emergency number. We explored whether live video from bystanders’ smartphones changed emergency response and was beneficial for the dispatcher and caller.

Methods
From June 2019 to February 2020, all medical dispatchers could add live video to the emergency calls at Copenhagen Emergency Medical Services, Denmark. Live video was established with a text message link sent to the caller’s smartphone using GoodSAM®. To avoid delayed emergency response if the video transmission failed, the medical dispatcher had to determine the emergency response before adding live video to the call. We conducted a cohort study with a historical reference group. Emergency response and cause of the call were registered within the dispatch system. After each video, the dispatcher and caller were given a questionnaire about their experience.

Results
Adding live video succeeded in 838 emergencies (82.2% of attempted video transmissions) and follow-up was possible in 700 emergency calls. The dispatchers’ assessment of the patients’ condition changed in 51.1% of the calls (condition more critical in 12.9% and less critical in 38.2%), resulting in changed emergency response in 27.5% of the cases after receiving the video (OR 1.58, 95% CI: 1.30–1.91) compared to calls without video. Video was added more frequently in cases with sick children or unconscious patients compared with normal emergency calls. The dispatcher recognized other or different disease/trauma in 9.9% and found that patient care, such as the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, obstructed airway or position of the patient, improved in 28.4% of the emergencies. Only 111 callers returned the questionnaire, 97.3% of whom felt that live video should be implemented.

Conclusions
It is technically feasible to add live video to emergency calls. The medical dispatcher’s perception of the patient changed in about half of cases. The odds for changing emergency response were 58% higher when video was added to the call. However, use of live video is challenging with the existing dispatch protocols, and further implementation science is necessary.
Clinical value of blood markers to assess the severity of coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Xiao Liu-Niu , Ran Xiao , Zhong Yan-Xia , Li Shu-Sheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is threatening the world with the symptoms of seasonal influenza. This study was conducted to investigate the patient characteristics and clinical value of blood markers to assess the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods
187 patients, diagnosed with COVID-19 (non-severe and severe cases) and admitted to hospital between January 27th and March 8th of 2020, were enrolled in the present study.

Results
A higher proportion of clinical symptoms, including cough, expectoration, myalgia, and fatigue were observed in the non-severe group. The level of white blood cell count, neutrophils, CRP, IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly increased, while the platelet count was remarkedly decreased in the severe group. The risk model based on lymphocyte, IL-6, IL-8, CRP and platelet counts had the highest area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC). The baseline of IL-6, IL-8 and CRP was positively correlated with other parameters except in the cases of lymphocyte, hemoglobin and platelet counts. The baseline of the platelet count was negatively correlated with other parameters except in the lymphocyte and hemoglobin counts. Additionally, there was no connection between the severity of COVID-19 and cultures of blood, sputum or catheter secretion.

Conclusions
The present study suggested that high leucocyte and low platelets counts were independent predictive markers of the severity of COVID-19.
Comparison of monoclonal antibodies targeting CD38, SLAMF7 and PD-1/PD-L1 in combination with Bortezomib/Immunomodulators plus dexamethasone/prednisone for the treatment of multiple myeloma: an indirect-comparison Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Ye Wu , Wu Xia , Liu Xiaoyan , Zheng Xue , Deng Jili , Gong Yuping 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Many clinical trials have assessed the effect and safety of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) in combination with proteasome inhibitors or immunomodulators plus dexamethasone/prednisone for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). The treatment outcomes of comparing different MAbs in combination with the above-mentioned agents remained unclear. We performed the meta-analysis to indirectly compare the effect and safety of MAbs targeting CD38, SLAMF7, and PD-1/PD-L1 in combination with bortezomib/immunomodulators plus dexamethasone/prednisone for patients with MM.

Methods
We searched thoroughly in the databases for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in which at least one of the three MAbs were included. We included eleven eligible RCTs with 5367 patients in the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis was carried out using StataMP14 and Indirect Treatment Comparisons software.

Results
We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) and relative risk (RR) for overall response rate, complete response (CR) or better, very good partial response (VGPR) or better, VGPR, partial response, stable disease, and grade 3 or higher adverse events among the three groups. The HRs for PFS of the CD38 group vs SLAMF7 group, CD38 group vs PD-1/PD-L1 group, and SLAMF7 group vs PD-1/PD-L1 group were 0.662 (95%CI 0.543–0.806), 0.317 (95%CI 0.221–0.454), and 0.479 (95%CI 0.328–0.699), respectively. The HR for OS of the CD38 group vs SLAMF7 group was 0.812 (95%CI 0.584–1.127). The RR for CR or better in the CD38 group vs SLAMF7 group was 2.253 (95%CI 1.284–3.955). The RR for neutropenia of the CD38 group vs SLAMF7 group was 1.818 (95%CI 1.41–2.344).

Conclusions
Treatment with the CD38 group had longer PFS and better treatment response than that with the SLAMF7 or PD-1/PD-L1 group. In addition, the SLAMF7 group prolonged PFS compared with the PD-1/PD-L1 group and was associated with a lower incidence of grade 3 or higher neutropenia than the CD38 and PD-1/PD-L1 group. In conclusion, MAbs targeting CD38 are the best, followed by those targeting SLAMF7; MAbs targeting PD-1/PD-L1 are the worst when in combination with bortezomib/immunomodulators plus dexamethasone/prednisone for the treatment of MM.
Flap technique-assisted surgeries for advanced retinitis pigmentosa complicated with macular hole: a case report and literature review
Authors: Lee Chia-Ying , Yang Chung-May , Yang Chang-Hao , Hu Fung-Rong , Chen Ta-Ching 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) is a rare complication in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients and may increase intraoperative challenges. Furthermore, lens capsular flap transplantation and inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap were reported to close complicated FTMH successfully. Here, we present a case of bilateral advanced RP complicated by a FTMH treated with a novel lens capsular flap transplantation and inverted internal limiting membrane flap.

Case presentation
A 46-year-old presented to our hospital with a complaint of progressively blurred vision and metamorphopsia in both eyes. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography revealed a FTMH with retinoschisis in the right eye and another FTMH in the left eye. ILM peeling with inverted ILM flap technique was performed on the right eye and ILM peeling with anterior lens capsular flap technique was performed on the left eye. Post-operative follow-up showed successful closure of the FTMH and improved vision in both eyes.

Conclusions
In our present case, flap-assisted techniques for retinitis pigmentosa with macular hole result in excellent visual and anatomic outcomes.
Case report: an unusual unilateral pterygium — a secondary pterygium caused by parasitosis in the scleral fistula
Authors: Zeng Wenjie , Pan Zhaoyi , Wang Jun , Deng Xianghui , Jiang Wenmin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Ocular parasitosis can cause eye damage, which contribute to eye symptoms such as burning, itching and even blindness. It is uncommon to see the parasitosis lying in the sclera layer, neither it causing pterygium. Here, we present an unusual case of a secondary pterygium caused by intrascleral worm.

Case presentation
A 52-year-old women complained about discomfort in right eye for 6 years. Slit-lamp examination indicated a thickened triangular layers of conjunctiva extending from the nasal edge to the cornea. The diagnosis was pterygium in the right eye. To our surprise, after scleral of nasal side exposed, we could see a tiny fistula right in the sclera which lied right under the pterygium, with an alive and motile worm inside. An intrascleral fistula was noted. Then the worm was removed by forceps from the fistula, which was creamy white, thread-like and 1 cm long.

Discussion and conclusions
As far as we known, it is the first case of an intrascleral worm hidden beneath the conjunctiva which caused the secondary pterygium. It is hard to know the etiology of the secondary pterygium which caused by parasitosis in the scleral fistula untill excision surgery. It is hard to imagine the worm was living in the sclera of the patient for a long-time.