bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compact computational spectrometer using a solid wedged low finesse etalon
Authors: Redmond Shawn M. , Di Cecca Salvatore , Herzog William D. 
Published: April 2021

A novel, to the best of our knowledge, two-layer hybrid solid wedged etalon was fabricated and combined with a traditional imager to make a compact computational spectrometer. The hybrid wedge, comprised of

N
b

2

O

5

and Infrasil 302, was designed to operate from 0.4–2.4 µm. Initial demonstrations, however, used a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) imager and demonstrated operation from 0.4–0.9 µm with spectral resolutions

<

30

c
m

−
1

from single snapshots. The computational spectrometer itself operates similarly to a spatial Fourier transform spectrometer (FTIR), but rather than use conventional Fourier-based methods or assumptions, the spectral reconstruction used a non-negative least-squares fitting algorithm based on analytically computed wavelength response vectors determined from extracted physical thicknesses across the entire two-dimensional wedge. This new computational technique resulted in performance and spectral resolutions exceeding those that could be achieved from Fourier processing techniques applied to this wedge etalon. With an additional imaging lens and translational scanning, the system can be converted into a hyperspectral imager.
Effect of surface modification on wettability and tribology by laser texturing in Al2O3
Authors: Jing Xiubing , Xia Yani , Zheng Shuxian , Yang Chengjuan , Qi Huan , Jaffery Syed Husain Imran 
Published: April 2021

The life of ceramic tools restricts the development of the manufacturing industry and can be increased through the enhancement of surface performance. Laser surface texturing is a feasible technology to improve ceramic tool life based on the relationship between surface properties and the laser-texturing process. In this study,

A
l

2

O

3

substrates have been textured by an ytterbium fiber laser system with a wavelength of 1064 nm and a pulse duration of 50 ns. First, the damage threshold of

A
l

2

O

3

was measured to provide a basis for selecting laser-texturing parameters. The surface morphology was characterized using a white confocal scanning microscope and a scanning electron microscope to investigate the characteristics of laser processing. Water contact angles were measured to investigate the relationship between laser parameters and changes in wettability. The surface energy of the superhydrophobic ceramic was calculated based on the contact angle. Combined X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurement was used to explore the mechanism of wettability changes from the chemical component and microstructure perspectives. The friction coefficient of

A
l

2

O

3

was determined by a ball-on-disc wear test. The results showed that laser texturing can significantly improve the surface hydrophobicity and friction stability.
On-chip chalcogenide microresonators with low-threshold parametric oscillation
Authors: Zhang Bin , Zeng Pingyang , Yang Zelin , Xia Di , Zhao Jiaxin , Sun Yaodong , Huang Yufei , Song Jingcui , Pan Jingshun , Cheng Huanjie , Choi Dukyong , Li Zhaohui 
Published: April 2021

Chalcogenide glass (ChG) is an attractive material for highly efficient nonlinear photonics, which can cover an ultrabroadband wavelength window from the near-visible to the footprint infrared region. However, it remains a challenge to implement highly-efficient and low-threshold optical parametric processes in chip-scale ChG devices due to thermal and light-induced instabilities as well as a high-loss factor in ChG films. Here, we develop a systematic fabrication process for high-performance photonic-chip-integrated ChG devices, by which planar-integrated ChG microresonators with an intrinsic quality (

Q

) factor above 1 million are demonstrated. In particular, an in situ light-induced annealing method is introduced to overcome the longstanding instability underlying ChG film. In high-

Q

ChG microresonators, optical parametric oscillations with threshold power as low as 5.4 mW are demonstrated for the first time, to our best knowledge. Our results would contribute to efforts of making efficient and low-threshold optical microcombs not only in the near-infrared as presented but more promisingly in the midinfrared range.
Domestic dog demographics and estimates of canine vaccination coverage in a rural area of Zambia for the elimination of rabies
Authors: Kaneko Chiho , Omori Ryosuke , Sasaki Michihito , Kataoka-Nakamura Chikako , Simulundu Edgar , Muleya Walter , Moonga Ladslav , Ndebe Joseph , Hang’ombe Bernard M. , Dautu George , Qiu Yongjin , Nakao Ryo , Kajihara Masahiro , Mori-Kajihara Akina , Chambaro Herman M. , Higashi Hideaki , Sugimoto Chihiro , Sawa Hirofumi , Mweene Aaron S. , Takada Ayato , Isoda Norikazu 
Published: April 2021

Background
An estimated 75% or more of the human rabies cases in Africa occur in rural settings, which underscores the importance of rabies control in these areas. Understanding dog demographics can help design strategies for rabies control and plan and conduct canine mass vaccination campaigns effectively in African countries.

Methodology/Principal findings
A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate domestic dog demographics in Kalambabakali, in the rural Mazabuka District of Zambia. The population of ownerless dogs and the total achievable vaccination coverage among the total dog population was estimated using the capture-recapture-based Bayesian model by conducting a canine mass vaccination campaign. This study revealed that 29% of the domestic dog population was under one year old, and 57.7% of those were under three months old and thus were not eligible for the canine rabies vaccination in Zambia. The population growth was estimated at 15% per annum based on the cross-sectional household survey. The population of ownerless dogs was estimated to be small, with an ownerless-to-owned-dog ratio of 0.01–0.06 in the target zones. The achieved overall vaccination coverage from the first mass vaccination was estimated 19.8–51.6%. This low coverage was principally attributed to the owners’ lack of information, unavailability, and dog-handling difficulties. The follow-up mass vaccination campaign achieved an overall coverage of 54.8–76.2%.

Conclusions/Significance
This paper indicates the potential for controlling canine rabies through mass vaccination in rural Zambia. Rabies education and responsible dog ownership are required to achieve high and sustainable vaccination coverage. Our findings also propose including puppies below three months old in the target population for rabies vaccination and emphasize that securing an annual enforcement of canine mass vaccination that reaches 70% coverage in the dog population is necessary to maintain protective herd immunity.
Hacia la profesionalización de la pedagogía hospitalaria
Authors: Garuz María Cruz Molina 
Published: April 2021

Se presentan las bases teóricas y las orientaciones prácticas, con el objetivo de contribuir al avance de la profesionalización en la educación hospitalaria. Se enmarcan en un concepto amplio de pedagogía hospitalaria, cuyos ámbitos de actuación se conciben como parte de un sistema educativo inclusivo de calidad. Se analizan los conceptos de profesionalidad y de desarrollo profesional del docente para su aplicación al contexto hospitalario, como elementos clave en la definición de su identidad propia. Se define el perfil competencial de esta profesión mediante la delimitación de funciones y competencias, aportando a modo de ejemplo el desarrollo de la competencia responsabilidad. Este marco puede servir de base para la formación de profesionales, que a su vez será clave para el desempeño competente de la profesión. Derivado de este análisis, se hace énfasis en la importancia de la formación desde un enfoque de enseñanza y aprendizaje basado en las competencias profesionales.
River Water Quality Based on Macrozoobentic Bioindicators in the Wonocolo Traditional Oil Mining Area
Authors: Rahmawati Laily Agustina , Afiati Norma , Putranto Thomas Triadi 
Published: April 2021

Many studies declared traditional oil mining in Wonocolo caused pollution, including river pollution. During Covid-19 Pandemic, traditional oil mining in Wonocolo has been interrupted because world oil prices decreased. This made selling price of crude oil in Wonocolo declined. This made traditional oil mining decreased because oil wells were temporarily closed. The decrease in traditional oil mining might affect river water quality in Wonocolo. In a prior study, the researcher had investigated water quality of Bungsu and Kragsaan River in Wonocolo, based on physicochemical parameters. The river had improved quality during Covid-19 Pandemic, seen from the decrease in the content of several chemical pollutants. Through this study, the researcher examined macrozoobentos community structure as a bio indicator of water quality, like assessing water quality of Bungsu and Kragsaan River based on biological indicators. This study used observation method by determining sample points purposively. Sample of macrozoobentos was analyzed using biodiversity index of Shannon-Wiener, species evennes index, and dominance index. Results of study showed Bungsu River had low biodiversity (H’ index 0.000 – 1.040), distressed community at B-1 and B-3 but stable at B-2, like high dominance at B-1 and B-3 but low at B-2. Kragsaan River also had low biodiversity (H’ index 0.000 – 1.010), unstable community at K-1 and K-3 like distressed at K-2, and low dominance at K-2 and K-3 but medium at K-1. Based on H’ index, Bungsu River was in the heavily polluted category at B-1 and B-3 and the medium polluted category at B-2. Meanwhile, Kragsaan River was in the heavily polluted category at K-1 and K-2 and the medium polluted category at K-3. This means although decreased levels of chemical pollutants at the sampling locations meant an increase in quality of water body, river ecosystem had not been able to rejuvenate condition during Covid-19 Pandemic.
An improved non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor amplified with CuO nanostructures for sensitive determination of uric acid
Authors: Buledi Jamil A. , Ameen Sidra , Memon Saba A. , Fatima Almas , Solangi Amber R. , Mallah Arfana , Karimi Fatemeh , Malakmohammadi Salima , Agarwal Shilpi , Gupta Vinod Kumar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study displays the facile and fluent electrochemical determination of uric acid (UA) through exceptional copper oxide nanostructures (CuO), as an effective sensing probe. The copper oxide nanostructures were fabricated via an aqueous chemical growth method using sodium hydroxide as a reducing agent, which massively hold hydroxide source. Copper oxide nanostructures showed astonishing electrocatalytic behavior in the detection of UA. Different characterization techniques such as XRD, FESEM, and EDS were exploited to determine crystalline nature, morphologies, and elemental composition of synthesized nanostructures. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) was subjected to investigate the electrochemical performance of UA using copper oxide nanostructures modified glassy carbon electrode CuO/GCE. The CV parameters were optimized at a scan rate of 50 mV/s with −0.7 to 0.9 potential range, and the UA response was investigated at 0.4 mV. PBS buffer of pH 7.4 was exploited as a supporting electrolyte. The linear dynamic range for UA was 0.001–351 mM with a very low limit of detection observed as 0.6 µM. The proposed sensor was successfully applied in urine samples for the detection of UA with improved sensitivity and selectivity.
Assessment of the mercury contamination of landfilled and recovered foundry waste – a case study
Authors: Bożym Marta , Klojzy-Karczmarczyk Beata 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Environmental pollution by mercury is a local problem in Poland and concerns mainly industrial sites. Foundry waste are usually characterized by low mercury content compared to other heavy metals. Spent foundry sands with low content of Hg are the main component of foundry waste. However, Hg may be present in foundry dust, which may also be landfilled. Due to Hg toxicity, even a minimal content may have a negative impact on biota. This study focuses on assessing the mercury content of landfilled foundry waste (LFW), to assess its toxicity. Currently tested waste is recovered and reused as a road aggregate. The results were compared with the mercury content of local soils as the reference level. Waste samples were taken from foundry landfill. The mercury content, fractional composition, organic matter (OM) and total organic carbon content, pH and elementary composition of waste were analysed. It was found that the mercury content in LFW was very low, at the level of natural content in soils and did not pose a threat to the environment. The statistical analysis shows that mercury was not associated with OM of the waste, in contrast to soils, probably due to different types of OM in both materials.
Wild Resources in the Economy of Bronze and Early Iron Ages Between Oder and Bug Rivers – Source Overview
Authors: Ślusarska Katarzyna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The archaeological discussion still appears to largely disregard the role of natural resources in the early agricultural economy of Central Europe. Cereal cultivation and animal husbandry strategies remain a central area of studies. Wild resources are the only proxy data helping to reconstruct the strategies mentioned above. The data for the assessment of the wild resource role in consumption strategies are scarce. Plant and animal remains preserved within the archaeological sites represent one of the very few sources of information. The dominant funeral rite – cremation – leaves no opportunity for insight into the human bones’ diet composition signatures. This study’s primary goal is to gather in one place all information concerning wild resource food use based on archaeological data, which is scattered through various publications. The study’s time scope corresponds to Lusatian, post-Lusatian (Pomeranian Face Urn Culture), and contemporary cultures (Western Baltic Kurgans Culture). It covers roughly the time span 1400–400 BC, which is the late Bronze and early Iron Ages. Only data from a homogenous settlement context was included within the presented review. Although the reviewed literature methodology does not always meet the modern standard, it still offers insight into broader plant and animal food use in the past. The animal bone analysis is usually based on hand-collected bone material or sifted soil samples. Malacological materials come from sampled features. Some clam mussels were also identified among the bone materials submitted for zooarchaeological analysis. All plant materials come from sampled features undergoing soil analysis.
Modified Halpin–Tsai equation for predicting interfacial effect in water diffusion process
Authors: Lei Yongpeng , Luo Ling , Kang Zhenhang , Zhang Jifeng , Zhang Boming 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Interfacial degradation is the main reason for deterioration of mechanical properties of composites in hydrothermal environments. In this study, the effect of the interphase on water diffusion in two types of unidirectional continuous carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 (CF/PA6) composites is investigated through experimental measurements, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation. The moisture diffusion coefficient of composite at different environmental temperatures is characterized by water immersion tests for analyzing the barrier and accelerating effects of the interphase layer. Based on the experimental results, the three-phase Halpin–Tsai model is derived and validated, and then the critical diffusivity is obtained to quantify the interfacial effect during the diffusion process. To further validate the present three-phase Halpin–Tsai model, the stable and transient finite element models of moisture diffusion are developed. It is found that the critical diffusivity coefficient of the interphase for the CF/PA6 composite system is 7.31 times higher than that of the matrix.
A combinatorial expression for the group inverse of symmetric M-matrices
Authors: Carmona A. , Encinas A.M. , Mitjana M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
By using combinatorial techniques, we obtain an extension of the matrix-tree theorem for general symmetric M-matrices with no restrictions, this means that we do not have to assume the diagonally dominance hypothesis. We express the group inverse of a symmetric M–matrix in terms of the weight of spanning rooted forests. In fact, we give a combinatorial expression for both the determinant of the considered matrix and the determinant of any submatrix obtained by deleting a row and a column. Moreover, the singular case is obtained as a limit case when certain parameter goes to zero. In particular, we recover some known results regarding trees. As examples that illustrate our results we give the expressions for the Group inverse of any symmetric M-matrix of order two and three. We also consider the case of the cycle C
4 an example of a non-contractible situation topologically different from a tree. Finally, we obtain some relations between combinatorial numbers, such as Horadam, Fibonacci or Pell numbers and the number of spanning rooted trees on a path.
Astrocytic IGF-IRs Induce Adenosine-Mediated Inhibitory Downregulation and Improve Sensory Discrimination
Authors: Noriega-Prieto José Antonio , Maglio Laura Eva , Zegarra-Valdivia Jonathan A. , Pignatelli Jaime , Fernandez Ana M. , Martinez-Rachadell Laura , Fernandes Jansen , Núñez Ángel , Araque Alfonso , Torres-Alemán Ignacio , Fernández de Sevilla David 
Published: April 2021

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) signaling plays a key role in learning and memory processes. While the effects of IGF-I on neurons have been studied extensively, the involvement of astrocytes in IGF-I signaling and the consequences on synaptic plasticity and animal behavior remain unknown. We have found that IGF-I induces long-term potentiation (LTPIGFI) of the postsynaptic potentials that is caused by a long-term depression of inhibitory synaptic transmission in mice. We have demonstrated that this long-lasting decrease in the inhibitory synaptic transmission is evoked by astrocytic activation through its IGF-I receptors (IGF-IRs). We show that LTPIGFInot only increases the output of pyramidal neurons, but also favors the NMDAR-dependent LTP, resulting in the crucial information processing at the barrel cortex since specific deletion of IGF-IR in cortical astrocytes impairs the whisker discrimination task. Our work reveals a novel mechanism and functional consequences of IGF-I signaling on cortical inhibitory synaptic plasticity and animal behavior, revealing that astrocytes are key elements in these processes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTInsulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) signaling plays key regulatory roles in multiple processes of brain physiology, such as learning and memory. Yet, the underlying mechanisms remain largely undefined. Here we demonstrate that astrocytes respond to IGF-I signaling, elevating their intracellular Ca2+and stimulating the release of ATP/adenosine, which triggers the LTD of cortical inhibitory synapses, thus regulating the behavioral task performance related to cortical sensory information processing. Therefore, the present work represents a major conceptual advance in our knowledge of the cellular basis of IGF-I signaling in brain function, by including for the first time astrocytes as key mediators of IGF-I actions on synaptic plasticity, cortical sensory information discrimination and animal behavior.
Multidimensional family therapy reduces problematic gaming in adolescents: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Nielsen Philip , Christensen Maxwell , Henderson Craig , Liddle Howard A , Croquette-Krokar Marina , Favez Nicolas , Rigter Henk 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsSocial variables including parental and family factors may serve as risk factors for Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in adolescents. An IGD treatment programme should address these factors. We assessed two family therapies – multidimensional family therapy (MDFT) and family therapy as usual (FTAU) – on their impact on the prevalence of IGD and IGD symptoms.MethodsEligible for this randomised controlled trial comparing MDFT (N = 12) with FTAU (N = 30) were adolescents of 12–19 years old meeting at least 5 of the 9 DSM-5 IGD criteria and with at least one parent willing to participate in the study. The youths were recruited from the Centre Phénix-Mail, which offers outpatient adolescent addiction care in Geneva. Assessments occurred at baseline and 6 and 12 months.ResultsBoth family therapies decreased the prevalence of IGD across the one-year period. Both therapies also lowered the number of IGD criteria met, with MDFT outperforming FTAU. There was no effect on the amount of time spent on gaming. At baseline, parents judged their child’s gaming problems to be important whereas the adolescents thought these problems were minimal. This discrepancy in judgment diminished across the study period as parents became milder in rating problem severity. MDFT better retained families in treatment than FTAU.Discussion and ConclusionsFamily therapy, especially MDFT, was effective in treating adolescent IGD. Improvements in family relationships may contribute to the treatment success. Our findings are promising but need to be replicated in larger study.Trial registration numberISRCTN 11142726.
Effects of Hemodialyzer Reuse on Clearances of Urea and β2-Microglobulin
Authors: CHEUNG ALFRED K. , AGODOA LAWRENCE Y. , DAUGIRDAS JOHN T. , DEPNER THOMAS A. , GOTCH FRANK A. , GREENE TOM , LEVIN NATHAN W. , LEYPOLDT JOHN K. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
Although dialyzer reuse in chronic hemodialysis patients is commonly practiced in the United States, performance of reused dialyzers has not been extensively and critically evaluated. The present study analyzes data extracted from a multicenter clinical trial (the HEMO Study) and examines the effect of reuse on urea and β2-microglobulin (β2M) clearance by low-flux and high-flux dialyzers reprocessed with various germicides. The dialyzers evaluated contained either modified cellulosic or polysulfone membranes, whereas the germicides examined included peroxyacetic acid/acetic acid/hydrogen peroxide combination (Renalin®), bleach in conjunction with formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde or Renalin, and heated citric acid. Clearance of β2M decreased, remained unchanged, or increased substantially with reuse, depending on both the membrane material and the reprocessing technique. In contrast, urea clearance decreased only slightly (approximately 1 to 2% per 10 reuses), albeit statistically significantly with reuse, regardless of the porosity of the membrane and reprocessing method. Inasmuch as patient survival in the chronic hemodialysis population is influenced by clearances of small solutes and middle molecules, precise knowledge of the membrane material and reprocessing technique is important for the prescription of hemodialysis in centers practicing reuse.
Sgk, a Putative Serine/Threonine Kinase, Is Differentially Expressed in the Kidney of Diabetic Mice and Humans
Authors: KUMAR JANET M. , BROOKS DAVID P. , OLSON BARBARA A. , LAPING NICHOLAS J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
Differential display PCR was used to identify alternate expression of serum glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (Sgk) mRNA in diabetes-induced renal disease. Differential expression of Sgk mRNA was identified in the kidneys of normal and obese db/db mice, a model of select aspects of human diabetic nephropathy. Sgk mRNA was selectively increased in diabetic mouse kidneys. The Sgk mRNA levels remained constant in other tissues from obese db/db mice. An increase in Sgk mRNA was also observed in the human diabetic kidney. In addition, thrombin, which may play a role in the progression of renal disease, increased Sgk message in cell culture. Because the diabetes-induced increase in Sgk was only observed in the kidney, which is particularly susceptible to diabetes-induced damage, Sgk may play a role in diabetic nephropathy.