bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile Preparation of Aryl Nitriles from Aryl Aldehydes in PEG-DME 250
Authors: Kang Solbe , Lee Jong Chan 
Published: September 2021

:
A facie and efficient method for one-pot transformation of aryl aldehydes to aryl nitriles using hydroxylamine hydrochloride and phosphorus tribromide in PEG-DME 250 is reported. The conversion of various aryl aldehydes to the corresponding aryl nitriles occurred smoothly in high yields under the present reaction conditions.
Enteric Nervous System in Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Chandramowlishwaran Pavithra , Raja Shreya , Maheshwari Akhil , Srinivasan Shanthi 
Published: September 2021

Background:
The pathophysiology of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is not clear, but
increasing information suggests that the risk and severity of NEC may be influenced by abnormalities
in the enteric nervous system (ENS).

Objective:
The purpose of this review was to scope and examine the research related to ENS-associated
abnormalities that have either been identified in NEC or have been noted in other inflammatory
bowel disorders (IBDs) with histopathological abnormalities similar to NEC. The aim was to
summarize the research findings, identify research gaps in existing literature, and disseminate them
to key knowledge end-users to collaborate and address the same in future studies.

Methods:
Articles that met the objectives of the study were identified through an extensive literature
search in the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus.

Results:
The sources identified through the literature search revealed that: (1) ENS may be involved
in NEC development and post-NEC complications, (2) NEC development is associated
with changes in the ENS, and (3) NEC-associated changes could be modulated by the ENS.

Conclusions:
The findings from this review identify the enteric nervous as a target in the development
and progression of NEC. Thus, factors that can protect the ENS can potentially prevent and
treat NEC and post-NEC complications. This review serves to summarize the existing literature
and highlights a need for further research on the involvement of ENS in NEC.
The Acetyltransferase KAT5 Inhibitor NU 9056 Promotes Apoptosis and Inhibits JAK2/STAT3 Pathway in Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Sang Wei , Xu Kailin , Xu Linyan , Qin Yuanyuan , Liu Mengdi , Jiao Jun , Tu Dongyun , Zhang Meng , Yan Dongmei , Song Xuguang , Sun Cai , Zhu Feng , Wang Xiangmin 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is an aggressive malignant non-
Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) with a poor prognosis. Therefore, novel therapeutic biomarkers and agents must be identified
for the same. KAT5 inhibitor, NU 9056, is a small molecule that can inhibit cellular proliferation; however, its role
in ENKTL has not been studied.

Objective:
The present study investigated the effect of NU 9056 in ENKTL cells and explored the possible molecular
mechanism for its antitumour effect.

Methods:
The role of NU 9056 in ENKTL cells was investigated through the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry,
Western blot, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay.

Results:
NU 9056 inhibited ENKTL cell proliferation and induced G2/M phase arrest. NU 9056 also induced apoptosis
by upregulating DR4, DR5, and caspase 8 expressions. Additionally, NU 9056 increased the expression of Bax, Bid,
and cytochrome C and decreased the expression of Bcl-2, Mcl-1, and XIAP. Furthermore, NU 9056 activated endoplasmic
reticulum (ER) stress and inhibited the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. The p38 mitogen-activated protein
kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway was also activated by NU 9056, and the ERK signalling pathway was suppressed
in natural killer/T cell lymphoma cells.

Conclusion:
NU 9056 inhibited cell proliferation, arrested cell cycle in the G2/M phase, and induced apoptosis through
the stimulation of ER stress, thus inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway and regulating MAPK pathways in
ENKTL cells.
Monoclonal Antibodies for Immunohistochemical Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Turgimbayeva Aigerim , Issabekova Assel , Zhylkibayev Assylbek , Eskendirova Saule 
Published: September 2021

Breast cancer is a leading malignant disease in women worldwide, although its pathology is visually localised. Currently, it has been proven that the parameters of molecular genetic biomarkers, including oncoprotein HER2, proliferation markers Ki-67, oestrogen receptors ER, and progesterone receptors PgR, are associated with breast carcinogenesis and are a reflection of the biological aggression of the tumour. The significance of these biomarkers in signalling pathways and genetic mechanisms of carcinogenesis has been described, as well as the relationship between the expression levels of each biomarker and the tumour response to appropriate therapy.
The primary antibody that imparts specificity to IHC is based on the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as the main immunoreagent that enables reliable identification of breast cancer cells. The most commonly used antibodies to molecular biomarkers for IHC were determined in accordance with indicators of laboratory use and efficiency (pass rate) of HER2, Ki-67, ER, PgR assessments in the NordiQC breast cancer module. The discovery of the complete structure of these biomarkers and the design of their domains and subdomains by genetic engineering methods enable the synthesis of effective monoclonal antibodies. Quantitative indicators of the expression levels of tumour biomarkers of breast cancer were determined using mAb, depending on epitope specificity and affinity.
Green Synthesis of Metal and Metal-oxide Nanoparticles Pertinent to
Catharanthus roseus and Moringa oleifera - A Review
Authors: Riazunnisa Khateef , Syeda Anjum Mobeen , Khadri Habeeb 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Biological synthesis via greener routes attained eclectic interest for research
investigators due to its reliable, sustainable, eco-friendly, and non-toxic nature since numerous
efforts have been made laterally with reflective applications by synthesizing diverse nanomaterials,
including metals/metal oxides, hybrid, and bioinspired materials during the past era.

Objective:
The present review aims to report, update and uncover all the minutiae concerning two
medicinal plant sources allied with diversified metal and non-metal nanoparticle synthesis through
a greener approach.

Methods:
The ornamental, medicinal plants such as Catharanthus roseus and Moringa oleifera
have been broadly studied for the synthesis of varied nanoparticles because of their innumerable secondary
metabolites, which may act as bio-reducing and stabilizing agents synthesized by metallic/
metal oxides, and non-metallic precursors such as silver, gold, sulphur, copper oxide, iron
oxide, ruthenium oxide nanoparticles by means of either leaf infusions or part/whole plant.

Conclusion:
This report highlights a phenomenon of exploiting different parts of these two plants
with their widespread applications in varied scientific domains, which may act as a promising drug
candidate for drug delivery mechanisms by means of a nano approach.
Neural Network with Particle Swarm Optimisation for Analysing Band Structure of Elastic Metamaterials
Authors: Chen Weiqi , Lee Cheuk Yu , Jia Xiuping , Qin Qing-Hua 
Published: September 2021

Background:
The development of computing resources has seen machine learning techniques
and models integrated with evolutionary algorithms being successfully applied to solve a
vast of engineering problems. And the advance in elastic metamaterial research, the identification
of band structure, which reflects the physical property of Elastic Metamaterial, holds the key to the
design of wave-controlled devices.

Objective:
In order to conduct bandgap analysis on two specific metamaterial structures, machine
learning models that are integrated with the evolutionary algorithm are proposed to predict band
structure.

Methods:
This paper proposes two integration models with a new loss function for predicting elastic
metamaterial’s band structure. The self-defined loss function composed of mean square error
and concordance correlation is designed to ensure the numerical eigenfrequency values but also the
position of each band.

Results:
The results of the integration models indicate the MLPs-PSO and RBFs-PSO models indeed
have relatively satisfying performances on such pattern recognition tasks with respect to the
numerical values of the error measurements. The performances of the machine learning models
could be outstandingly improved by the Particle Swarm Optimisation algorithm.

Conclusion:
In short, the well-trained machine models are able to predict the band structure and
therefore contribute to bandgap enlargement study.
The Evaluation of Safety Property and Apoptotic Efficacy of α-L-Guluronic
Acid (G2013), as a Novel NSAID, Under In Vitro Examination on L929
and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines
Authors: Hassani Shahrzad , Afshari Jalil Tavakol , Jafarnezhad-Ansariha Fahimeh , Mirshafiey Abbas 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Many investigations have expanded this concept that liver chronic inflammation
has an essential role in persistent cell damages along with altering the liver microenvironment
leading to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and finally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To reduce inflammation
and relieve symptoms, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly
used; however, their long-term usage can lead to severe adverse events on vital organs like the liver.
Interestingly, the α-L-Guluronic Acid (G2013), as a novel NSAID with immunomodulatory
properties, has shown the inhibitory effects on inflammation and metastasis in experimental models.

Objective:
This study was conducted to determine the effects of G2013 on cytotoxicity and induction
of apoptosis, as a new therapeutic target for cancer therapy, in the HepG2 cell line and the
mouse fibroblast cell line L929, as a control.

Methods:
MTT assay and flow cytometry method were carried out using the different concentrations
of G2013 (5, 15, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 μg/ml) in 3 distinct incubation times.

Results:
Our data showed that treatment of HepG2 cells with high concentration (400μg/mL) of
G2013 could effectively cause a decrease in cell viability, so that they were statistically different after
72 hours compared to other concentrations (5 to 200 μg/ml) (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively).
Moreover, the proportion of apoptosis of HepG2 cells at the dose of 200μg/mL considerably increased,
suggesting that the induction of apoptosis by G2013 in HepG2 cells is dose- and time-dependent,
which could promote its anticancer properties.

Conclusion:
The present study revealed that G2013 could induce apoptosis in the liver cancer model.
Therefore, based on these findings, G2013 might be considered as a therapeutic option in cancer
therapy.
PRIMARY BONE GRAFTING AND K-WIRE FIXATION: A PREFERABLE OPTION TO TREAT ACUTE UNSTABLE SCAPHOID FRACTURE
Authors: THAKUR SK  , CHOUDHARY SK  , JOSEPH J B MAL  , HIREMATH RN  
Published: September 2021

Objective: The Objective of this study is to analyze the radiological, clinical and functional outcome of patients with acute unstable scaphoid fracture treated with primary bone grafting and K (Kirschner)-wire fixation
Methods:Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria , a prospective observational study was carried out on 21 patients with acute unstable scaphoid fracture who had been treated with primary bone grafting and K-wire fixation from November 2017 to March 2020 and were followed up for a minimum of 24 weeks. The average patient age was 26.9 years. The time from injury to treatment averaged 11days. Surgery was done under Bier’s Block using volar approach. Bone graft was harvested from distal Radius. The mean operating time was 24 minutes.Clinical parameters like tenderness, grip strength and Range of Movement (ROM) at wrist was assessed. The functional outcome was evaluated using Modified Mayo wrist score. Bone union was assessed using serial plain radiographs.
Results:Union was achieved in all (100%) at 12 weeks. There was no evidence of Avascular necrosis (AVN) or arthrosis at latest follow up. As per Modified Mayo wrist score, there were 15 excellent,03 good and 03 fair results at the final follow-up. Individuals resumed their routine work at 12 weeks and all were comfortable with heavy works/ sports activity by 24 weeks.
Conclusion: Primary bone grafting has a definite role in the management of acute unstable scaphoid fracture by which aquicker and higher rate of union isachieved with minimal complications. Open reduction allows thorough assessment of fracture for better anatomic reduction. Although the type of fixation device hardly contributes for quicker and higher union, but then the use of K-wire for fixation is the only viable option for smaller bony fragments and is more forgiving in terms of its positioning. It has an added advantage in terms of requirement of minimal inventory and thus is a cost-effective modality. This procedure also confirms that the patients could get back to their work earlier hence decreasing economic burden.
VIOLÊNCIA INTRAFAMILIAR CONTRA A PESSOA IDOSA EM ÁREA URBANA COM SUPORTE DE PROTEÇÃO SOCIAL E DE SAÚDE
Authors: Ribeiro Maria de Nazaré de Souza , Santo Fátima Helena do Espírito , Diniz Cleisiane Xavier , Ribeiro Selma Lira , Nascimento Vanusa do , Ribeiro Euler Esteves 
Published: September 2021

Este estudo tem como objetivo estimar a prevalência da violênciacontra a pessoa idosa e investigar como ela se apresenta em áreaurbana com suporte de serviços de proteção social e de saúdedestinados ao atendimento do idoso. Pesquisa quantitativa, transversal e descritiva realizada com 380 idosos residentes na zona sulda cidade de Manaus, área mais equipada com serviços de proteçãosocial e de saúde para idosos. Foi calculada uma margem de errode 5% e Coeficiente de Confiança de 95%. Utilizou-se Instrumentode Avaliação de Violência e Maus-Tratos Contra a Pessoa Idosausado pelo Ministério da Saúde nos Cadernos de Atenção Básica.A prevalência de violência foi de 30,3% e ultrapassou a média demuitos estudos brasileiros. A violência psicológica foi a mais prevalente, com taxa acima da média nacional, seguida da financeira eda física. As variáveis “idade”, “renda familiar”, “violência financeira” e“violência física” apresentaram forte associação (p < 0,05). O númeroampliado de unidades de acolhimento e notificação de violêncianão garantiu prevalência significantemente menor em relação àtaxa nacional, indicando que o problema possa estar nas relaçõesintrafamiliares conflituosas. Sugerem-se estudos que possam identificar a disfuncionalidade familiar como preditora de violência contrapessoa idosa e uma maior atuação das instituições que lidam coma problemática, na promoção de uma cultura de paz no âmbito dafamília e da comunidade.
IDOSOS NA UNIVERSIDADE DA MELHOR IDADE: CARACTERÍSTICAS SOCIAIS, ECONÔMICAS, DE SAÚDE E DE UTILIZAÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS RELACIONADOS AO SEXO
Authors: Brambilla Roberta Aguiar , Higa Elza De Fátima Ribeiro , Lazarini Carlos Alberto 
Published: September 2021

Participantes de Universidades da Terceira Idade possuem perfil de saúde satisfatório, são em sua maioria independentes, com boa cognição e desejo de estabelecer e manter contato social. Porém, prevalece entre eles o uso contínuo de medicamentos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar o perfil sociodemográfico, socioeconômico, condições de saúde, uso de medicamentos e adesão ao tratamento de idosos participantes de uma Universidade da Melhor Idade e suas associações com o sexo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, analítica, com abordagem quantitativa, em que o sexo foi a variável dependente e os demais dados foram as variáveis independentes. A análise estatística foi a bivariada, com nível de significância onde p ≤ 0,05. Dos 48 idosos participantes, a maioria era mulher (75%), vivendo sozinha (66,7%). Homens apresentaram maior porcentagem de renda de até um salário mínimo (50%). O perfil de uso de medicamentos mostrou: 83,3% utilizaram algum tipo de medicamento predominando os anti-hipertensivos; 70% consumiram de um a quatro medicamentos; 80% dos homens obtêm medicamentos em farmácias e no Sistema Único de Saúde; 100% dos homens possuem entre média e alta adesão ao tratamento, o que difere estatisticamente das mulheres onde se observou maior porcentagem de baixa adesão (38,9%). O presente estudo sugere que conhecer o perfil do uso de medicamentos por idosos frequentadores de uma Universidade da Terceira Idade pode subsidiar a inclusão de temas relacionados ao manejo diário de medicamentos, tais como automedicação, adesão terapêutica, entre outros, nas atividades desenvolvidas, visto que a medicação faz parte do dia a dia dessas pessoas.
CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE OS NÍVEIS DE INDEPENDÊNCIA, NUTRIÇÃO, PROVAS DE FORÇA DE MÚSCULOS VENTILATÓRIOS E EQUILIBRIO EM IDOSOS
Authors: Castro Kassia De , Sanchez Hugo Machado , Mendes da Cunha Rodolfo Nunes , De Morais Sanchez Eliane Gouveia 
Published: September 2021

Introdução: O processo de envelhecimento proporciona alterações funcionais, psicossociais e biológicas de caráter progressivo e irreversível, diminuindo a capacidade funcional e pulmonar dos idosos. A fraqueza muscular presente nos idosos pode reduzir o nível de atividades funcionais e do sistema respiratório, favorecendo a inatividade e dependência. Objetivo: Avaliar a correlação entre a capacidade funcional e pulmonar em idosos. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo transversal, no qual foi realizada uma avaliação por meio do Índice de Barthel Modificado, da PI máx, PE máx com a utilização de manuvacuometro, da circunferência da panturrilha (CP) e do teste Timed Up and Go (TUG). A amostra foi de 40 idosos. Resultados: a associação significativa entre achados de força da musculatura inspiratória, CP, teste TUG, Índice de Barthel, PI máx, PE máx e idade, correlaciona a redução da força muscular com menor nível de capacidade funcional em idosos, ainda mais significativa no sexo masculino, com menor tempo para a realização do teste TUG, comparado ao sexo feminino. Conclusão: Houve correlação entre o nível de capacidade funcional e pulmonar de idosos, demonstrando a importância da associação do treinamento da função respiratória associado ao exercício físico.
PERCEPÇÃO DOS IDOSOS SOBRE O PAPEL DO ENFERMEIRO NUM CENTRO DE CONVIVÊNCIA
Authors: Silva Juliane Batista da , Lima Claudia Moreira de , Vicente Jefferson Tennesse da Silva , Silvestre Grasiela Cristina Silva Botelho , Vechia Akeisa Dieli Ribeiro Dalla , Castelli Laíza Strinta 
Published: September 2021

Introdução: O Centro de Convivência de Idosos (CCI) é um espaço destinado ao bem-estar da pessoa idosa. O acompanhamento de profissionais de saúde, em especial o enfermeiro nesse espaço contribui para promoção da saúde e prevenção de agravos. Objetivo: Compreender a percepção dos idosos quanto a atuação do enfermeiro no Centro de Convivência. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa realizada em um município da região do Sudoeste do estado de Mato Grosso, com idosos participantes de um CCI. A coleta de dados ocorreu em setembro de 2014, por meio da técnica de entrevista. A quantidade de sujeitos foi definida por saturação dos dados.Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: Emergiram duas categorias: “O enfermeiro e o Centro de Convivência” e “O cuidado de enfermagem no Centro de Convivência”. Considerações finais: Os idosos relataram que a presença do enfermeiro no CCI facilita os cuidados e intervenções de saúde, além do estabelecimento de ações e práticas voltadas ao envelhecimento saudável.
ESTRATÉGIAS EFETIVAS PARA O AUTOCUIDADO DO IDOSO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Vasconcelos Azevedo Samir Gabriel , Araújo Moreira Andréa Carvalho , Cunha dos Santos Saulo Barreto , Silva de Oliveira Francisco Eduardo , Cruz Magalhães Júnior José Wellington 
Published: September 2021

Introdução: Medidas de autocuidado na velhice são necessárias devido às limitações progressivas causadas pelo processo de envelhecimento e devem ser estimuladas no cuidado ao idoso. Objetivo: Identificar estratégias efetivas para o autocuidado do idoso de acordo com a literatura nacional e internacional. Metodologia: Caracteriza-se como revisão integrativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de maio e junho de 2018, nas bases de dados BDENF, PUBMED E LILACS. Resultados e discussão: Analisaram-se 20 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão previamente estabelecidos que estavam de acordo com a questão norteadora e publicados em inglês, português ou espanhol. As estratégias para o autocuidado que emergiram das produções científicas foram categorizadas conforme sua finalidade: estratégias educativas, estratégias para o estilo de vida saudável, estratégias adaptativas e estratégias funcionais. Considerações finais: A contribuição do estudo foi mostrar estratégias que promovam o autocuidado do idoso, possibilitando que os profissionais de saúde façam recomendações mais seguras com vista à promoção da saúde do idoso.
SCIENTIA SACRA IN SUFISM AS WELTANSCHAUUNG CONTEMPORARY MUSLIM SPIRITUALITY
Authors: Mustofa Imron 
Published: September 2021

This study examines the peripheral area of Sufistic reasoning, where modern humans lose their orientation and cause a psychological crisis—through a fundamental philosophical assessment of the weltanschauung as the axis of Sufism spirituality in Islam, focusing on the contemporary perspective of modern society and the construct of Scientia sacra as the weltanschauung of contemporary Muslim spirituality. The study results confirm that the fundamental problem that represents the relationship between spirituality and modern society is the dualism of the ontology-epistemic framework, as a result of the split understanding between Sufism and its pseudo. The Sufis have built the concept of Scientia sacra based on the integration of theosophical reasoning, ascetic praxis, and philosophical nature. This concept is expected to present conceptual-praxis activities described as exclusive mujahadah , trendy, and introvertistic that “catharsis” themselves from the worldly bustle but have communal, philosophical values closely related to the values rahmat al-khalq. The philosophical basis of this movement originated from theosophical reasoning, transformed into praxis asceticism, and developed as philosophical asceticism. These three elements come from the key statement that Sufism is an existential axis for humans, where the crisis of modern humans is the centrifugal motion of that axis. It is what causes the philosophical values in Sufistic teachings to experience turmoil, ending in a cathartic process towards Scientia sacra as the basis of knowledge, metaphysics, and esotericism.
DIGITAL NATIVE CHARACTER IN SOCIAL MEDIA INTERPRETATION: A STUDY ON INSTAGRAM ACCOUNTS, @QURANREVIEW
Authors: Haq Izzuthoriqul , Syauqi Muhammad Labib 
Published: September 2021

This study aims to examine the methods, processes of interpretationÂ (tafsir), and religious discourses that develop on social media, as well as the implications and effectiveness of its interpretation for the readers.Â It isÂ a case study of the Instagram account @qur'anreview. Amid the trend ofÂ Qurâ€™anÂ interpretationÂ on social media, this @qur'anreview account hasÂ attractedÂ the attention of netizens through its religious content presentation in the form of interpretationÂ asÂ its language style, diction, and nuancesÂ meetÂ the millennial generation. Based on the hermeneutic, critical discourse analysis, and mass communication effect theoretical approach, the results of the study show that the religious content presented by the @quranreview account focuses on the language approach presented in the form of thematic interpretation. The interpretation follows the opportunistic and omnivorous characteristics of the digital native. The interpretation model is quite effective and has implications for the cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects of the readers. While the social space of its interpretation is based on the culture of social media and digital native, which leads to popular Islamic discourse.