bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Headwinds and tailwinds: insights from a research–practice partnership on identifying high-impact growth areas for school improvement
Authors: van Halem Nicolette , Lockton Marie , Trautman David , Liou Yi-Hwa , Daly Alan J. 
Published: February 2025

PurposeA growing body of research suggests that Research–Practice Partnerships (RPPs) are contributing to greater use of research in decision-making around school improvement efforts. The current study is part of an RPP including 11 K-12 schools in an urban fringe school district in California. This RPP aims to develop a deeper understanding of successful change efforts toward learner-centered education and the role of culture and climate. The current case study examines how, over time, this RPP developed into a data-driven dialogue around high-leverage areas for school improvement.Design/methodology/approachThis mixed-methods study involves survey data and a series of individual principal interviews coupled with an innovative method, Conditional Mean Independent Correlations and growth functions, to support district decision-making.FindingsThis case study demonstrated that an RPP can both reveal and shape the ways in which principals examine the views and ideas that guide their leadership practices.Research limitations/implicationsImplications about weaving thriving ecosystems for learning and flourishing are discussed.Originality/valueThis study explores how an RPP fosters a learning ecosystem that empowers school leaders in setting strategic priorities and making informed leadership decisions, particularly in the complex environment of school improvement. The RPP approach provided the opportunity to discover and address different perspectives between research findings and principals’ ideas on high-leverage areas for improvement. By focusing on research-informed measures of critical elements such as culture and climate, this study contributes to the broader goal of developing equity-centered school improvement strategies through the work of RPP.
Developing a health region in the context of sustainable development – an attempt at conceptualization
Authors: Białk-Wolf Anna , Lubowiecki-Vikuk Adrian , Dryglas Diana , Illing Kai , Jędrzejczyk Tadeusz 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThe aim of this article is to conceptually assess the healthiness of regions. A developed health region can become an attractive health tourism destination. Within the framework of the sustainable development paradigm, this article identifies key areas for development in the creation of health regions.Design/methodology/approachIn this conceptual paper, a traditional narrative review was required. In addition to the scientific literature, the analyses included key reports and strategy documents from public institutions and organizations, the content of which was relevant to the issue addressed.FindingsA conceptual framework of a health region based on sustainability has been constructed that can support practitioners seeking to develop a health-based region. As a result of a 3-stage conceptualization process, a set of 56 indicators was developed to describe the health characteristics of (1) the environmental sphere, with criteria including air quality, noise levels and natural assets, while taking into account needs for climate crisis resilience adaptation measure; (2) the social sphere concerning infrastructure, which includes elements of space use, transportation accessibility, accessibility for people with special needs, including especially people with disabilities and anthropogenic qualities, and (3) the economic sphere, which is an important element affecting the quality of life.Originality/valueThis is the first attempt to describe a health region in the context of sustainable development. The set of indicators is the result of conceptual work, providing a basis for further description of health regions and serving as an inspiration for regions wishing to prioritize health in their development.
A forensic engineering technique for analysis of an explosion incident
Authors: Tanapornraweekit Ganchai , Abeysinghe Thimira , Tangtermsirikul Somnuk 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis article investigates the validity of current forensic practices to analyze an explosion event. The purpose of this study is to use forensic engineering techniques with the integrated models for the simulation of blast fragments and blast pressure to determine an explosive weight used in a bombing incident and later predict a lethal radius caused by blast pressure and a lethal zone caused by fragment impact. The real explosion incident at the Erawan shrine in central Bangkok on August 17, 2015, is selected as a case study. By comparing the structural damage at the blast site to the one obtained from finite element (FE) analyses, an estimated bare charge weight of TNT used in the incident can be obtained. It was found that an estimated bare charge of 3 kg TNT equivalent could have been used for the bomb. To confirm the validity of the calculated explosive weight, a combined lethal zone from blast pressure and scattered fragments was analyzed. Human damage due to the blast pressure is analyzed based on Bowen's lethality curves. The lethality zone from expelled fragments is drawn based on a 50% probability of lethality, which considers the hit density and kinetic energy of the fragment. The analyzed lethal zone agrees reasonably well with the actual observed human damage level. The proposed forensic engineering technique offers the potential for enhancing management and policies in homeland security, contributing to a safer community.
A Comparative Evaluation of Radiographic and Computed Tomography Results in Patients With Lower Respiratory Tract Infections With Positive and Negative Sputum Cultures: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Kaya Murat , İncekara Yaşar , Aslan Selda , Kaya Fatıma Merve , Şahin Ahmet 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and aimThere is limited data on the correlation between findings of lower respiratory tract infections detected by chest computed tomography but not by chest radiography and sputum culture results. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship among sputum culture results, chest radiographic findings and computed tomography outcomes in patients diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infections.Materials and MethodsBetween January 2021 and September 2023, the clinical and radiological findings of patients diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infections, both those with and without positive sputum cultures, were retrospectively evaluated.ResultsIn the studied cohort, 65.4% (n = 172) of the patients were male and 34.6% (n = 91) were female, with an overall mean age of 67.18 ± 13.77 years. On chest computed tomography, consolidation was observed in 39.53% (n = 34) of patients with positive sputum cultures, compared to 23.72% (n = 42) of patients with negative cultures (p = 0,005). Furthermore, necrotising pneumonia findings were noted in 5.81% (n = 5) of culture‐positive patients and 1.13% (n = 2) of culture‐negative patients (p = 0.034). Infiltrative changes were detected in 81.4% (n = 70) of patients with positive cultures and 66.6% (n = 118) of patients with negative cultures on chest radiography (χ2 = 20,492; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe identification of findings on chest radiography is notably challenging in patients diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infections due to the presence of non‐consolidative infiltrates and their respective anatomical locations. Moreover, the probability of detecting radiological findings on chest radiographs is enhanced in patients exhibiting positive sputum cultures.
Ex Vivo Preservation of Porcine Vascularized Composite Soft Tissue Allografts
Authors: Meyers Abigail , Kopparthy Varun Lingaiah , Lammers Jacob , Al‐Malak Mazen , Figueroa Brian , Ku Ying , Mulvihill Lianne , Khalaf Ryan , Reyes Jose , Jo Diane , Fodor R'ay , Sadeghi Payam , Rampazzo Antonio , Bassiri Gharb Bahar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate ex vivo perfusion (EVP) for vascularized composite tissue preservation. We hypothesized that EVP could maintain allografts in near‐physiologic conditions for ≥ 24 h.MethodsTwenty superior epigastric artery perforator‐based abdominal flaps were procured from 10 Yorkshire pigs. Flaps were preserved for 12 h (n = 5) or 24 h (n = 5) using EVP with an oxygenated colloid solution containing HBOC‐201 oxygen carrier (HbO2 Therapeutics, Souderton, PA). Contralateral flaps were cold storage controls (4°C) (n = 10). Hemodynamics, temperature, gases, metabolites, electrolytes, indocyanine green (ICG) angiography, and weight were analyzed. Biopsies were taken every 6 h for histology.ResultsIschemia time was 16 ± 6 min. There were no significant differences between the 12 h EVP and 24 h EVP groups at perfusion end for the following parameters: MAP (p = 0.63), pH (p = 0.77), pO2 (p = 0.20), venous pCO2 (p = 0.22), lactate (p = 0.28), creatine kinase (p = 0.89), or myoglobin (p = 0.95). Electrolytes were also comparable at perfusion termination: sodium (p = 0.31), potassium (p = 0.61), and calcium (p = 0.29).After 12 h, flaps in the 24 h EVP group demonstrated a significant weight decrease (−4.5% [−4.6%, −4.1%] weight change), compared to the 12 h EVP group (1.2% [−1.1%, 1.6%] weight change) (p = 0.03). At perfusion end, weight did not differ from baseline between the 24 h EVP (2.3% [0%, 3%]) and 12 h EVP groups (p = 0.37). SCS flap weight was unchanged from baseline at 12 h (p = 0.954) and 24 h (p = 0.616). ICG revealed well‐perfused flaps. H&E staining revealed preserved skin architecture without histopathological changes.ConclusionEVP preserved flaps for 24 h within physiologic parameters and without development of edema. EVP may extend preservation time for VCAs.
Anxiolytic Activity of Morellic Acid: Modulation of Diazepam's Anxiolytic Effects, Possibly Through GABAergic Interventions
Authors: Bhuia Md. Shimul , Eity Tanzila Akter , Chowdhury Raihan , Ansari Siddique Akber , Bappi Mehedi Hasan , Nayeem Md. Anin , Akter Farjana , Islam Muhammad Torequl 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundNumerous studies suggest that morellic acid (MOR), highly available in Garcinia plants, has different physiological activities, including anti‐cancer, anti‐oxidant, and anti‐microbial activity.AimIn this investigation, we aimed to demonstrate the anxiolytic activity, along with the mechanism behind this activity of MOR, using in vivo and in silico studies.MethodsFor this, we used different doses of MOR (5 and 10 mg/kg) and administered this drug intraperitoneally to Swiss albino mice (male and female). Diazepam (DZP), a positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor, was used as a positive control at a dose of 2 mg/kg (i.p), and vehicle was used as a control group. In this test, various test protocols are used to assess the behavioral patterns of mice, including swing, hole cross, light–dark testing, and open field testing.ResultsThis investigation revealed that MOR remarkably reduced the locomotor activity of mice in a dose‐dependent manner and produced calming behaviors like DZP. However, the findings showed that the combination of MOR and DZP synergistically reduced the locomotion of mice compared to the single therapy. On the other hand, from the computational study, the result demonstrated that MOR exhibited the highest binding scores (−9.2 kcal/mol) towards the GABAA receptor α3 subunit and −7.6 kcal/mol towards the GABAA α2 receptor. Whereas, DZP showed −6.6 and −7.3 kcal/mol docking affinity and FLU exerted −6.2 and −6.3 kcal/mol docking scores towards the GABAA receptor α2 and α3 subunits, respectively. The ligand interacted with the receptor by forming different hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds.ConclusionHowever, it is recommended that more precise and comprehensive preclinical investigations be required to demonstrate the exact mechanism behind the anxiolytic effects and conduct clinical trials to determine efficacy and safety.
Apixaban in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, heart failure and low body weight: A report from a global federated research dataset
Authors: Monzo Luca , Baudry Guillaume , Hernandez Gema , Denquin Olivier , Savarese Gianluigi , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Girerd Nicolas 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) and low body weight (BW, <60 kg) are common in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the safety and effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in this group remain unclear. This study compares the efficacy and safety of apixaban versus vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in patients with nonvalvular AF, low BW and HF.MethodsWe analysed 155,152 patients with HF and AF, weighing ≤100 kg and treated with oral anticoagulants (apixaban 86,493; VKA 68,659), from the TriNetX Global Research Network. Outcomes included ischaemic stroke/systemic embolism (SEE), clinically relevant bleedings, intracranial haemorrhage (ICH), all‐cause death and net clinical benefit (composite of stroke/SEE, bleedings and all‐cause death) across three BW categories: 60–100 kg (reference), 50–60 kg (low BW) and ≤50 kg (very low BW). Propensity score matching was used to balance the treatment groups.ResultsPatients with low BW had a higher risk of adverse events compared to those with reference BW, regardless of treatment. Apixaban consistently reduced the risk of ischaemic stroke/SEE and bleeding (including ICH) across all BW ranges (all p‐interaction >.10), and improved net clinical benefit compared to VKA (reference BW: HR .82 [95% CI: .80–.84]; low BW: HR .79 [95% CI: .74–.85]; very low BW: HR .86 [95% CI: .78–.95], p‐interaction = .366). However, a significant BW‐treatment interaction was observed for all‐cause mortality, indicating reduced relative effectiveness of apixaban vs. VKA as BW decreases.ConclusionIn this large real‐world analysis, treatment with apixaban was associated with a superior effectiveness and safety profile compared to VKA in patients with AF, HF and low BW. These results remained consistent, albeit slightly attenuated, in patients with very low BW. These findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the use of apixaban in this high‐risk population.
Environmental conditions can indirectly affect passive pathogen spread by altering insect dispersal
Authors: Constancio Natalie , Szendrei Zsofia 
Published: February 2025

AbstractClimate change impacts agriculture through shifts in regional environmental conditions, significantly altering insect vector and plant pathogen interactions. Plant pathogens that rely on insect vectors often have a positive density dependent relationship, with high vector abundance increasing pathogen spread. However, for pathogens that do not rely on insect vectors, the relationship can be more difficult to predict. Furthermore, environmental conditions, such as temperature and relative humidity, can indirectly alter pathogen spread by impacting vector reproduction or behavior. Therefore, studies examining the interactions between passively transmitted pathogens and potential insect vectors under varying environmental conditions are critical to understanding pathogen spread. Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is the main insect pest of onion (Allium cepa) and co‐occurs with many pathogens, including Colletotrichum coccodes Wallr (Glomerellales: Glomerellaceae), a fungal pathogen of onion. We conducted two experiments to understand how different densities of onion thrips and environmental conditions affect pathogen spread. To first determine how onion thrips density affects pathogen spread, we released 0, 5, or 25 onion thrips on C. coccodes inoculated plants, that were symptomatic, and allowed them to move between the symptomatic and asymptomatic plants. Next, to determine the effects of environmental conditions on pathogen spread, we altered temperature and relative humidity and added either 0 or 5 onion thrips to the experiment. Onion thrips dispersal, damage distribution, and pathogen spread 13 days after onion thrips were released were assessed for each experiment. Our results indicate that C. coccodes was only disseminated in the presence of onion thrips and dispersal increased at the 25 onion thrips density. Pathogen spread also increased at 33°C compared with 22°C, regardless of relative humidity. Overall, our study highlights how changes in insect abundance, which can be directly affected by environmental conditions, can alter pathogen spread.
Digital Module 37: Introduction to Item Response Tree (IRTree) Models
Authors: Kim Nana , Deng Jiayi , Wong Yun Leng 
Published: February 2025

Module AbstractItem response tree (IRTree) models, an item response modeling approach that incorporates a tree structure, have become a popular method for many applications in measurement. IRTree models characterize the underlying response processes using a decision tree structure, where the internal decision outcome at each node is parameterized with an item response theory (IRT) model. Such models provide a flexible way of investigating and modeling underlying response processes, which can be useful for examining sources of individual differences in measurement and addressing measurement issues that traditional IRT models cannot deal with. In this module, we discuss the conceptual framework of IRTree models and demonstrate examples of their applications in the context of both cognitive and noncognitive assessments. We also introduce some possible extensions of the model and provide a demonstration of an example data analysis in R.
Lockdown's double edge: Past remedies, future uncertainties
Authors: Krishnamurthy Shivani , Kaur Harpreet 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis article examines the multifaceted impact of the pandemic on students' education and mental health, drawing on both an analysis of existing literature and firsthand testimonials from adolescents during the lockdown. It highlights significant challenges, including technological barriers, mental health struggles, and the exacerbation of educational inequalities. Through personal accounts, the article illustrates varied experiences: while some students faced obstacles such as a lack of devices and motivation, others demonstrated resilience and adaptability by finding innovative solutions to continue their education. Positive outcomes, such as increased digital literacy and community support, are acknowledged but often overshadowed by the focus on negative effects. The article emphasizes the long‐term implications of learning losses and the psychological impact on young people, urging for a more balanced view that includes success stories. Furthermore, it calls for immediate actions to address disparities in educational resources, including mental health support, skill development programs, and financial assistance. By advocating for youth‐centric policies, the article aims to empower students to overcome the challenges presented by the pandemic and build a brighter future.
The Association of Cyberspace and Attention‐Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Children During the COVID‐19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Authors: Abdoli Maryam , Rahimi Majid , Dianati Ali , Daniali Seyede Shahrbanoo , Kelishadi Roya 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe negative impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the mental health of children has been considered. Children with attention‐deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are likely to be more vulnerable too. This study aimed to provide a systematic review of evidence regarding the association between screen usage and symptoms of ADHD during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThis review adhered to PRISMA guidelines. Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences and Cochrane Library.ResultsOf 130 identified reports, 8 papers covering 1587 subjects were included. The spent time on different types of screen time from TV to video games among children and adolescents with ADHD increased. The majority of studies showed that a surge in screen time was associated with the worsening of ADHD symptoms such as irritation, inattention, hyperactivity and oppositional defiant disorders (ODDs). The finding confirmed the severity of ADHD symptoms in individuals with a history of addictive or problematic usage of media was higher in comparison with others. One study found that educational screen time was not associated with disturbances in ADHD symptoms. In addition, ADHD symptoms during the COVID‐19 pandemic were influenced by prior mental health situations.ConclusionsThe current findings suggest considering the negative association of excess screen time with ADHD symptoms, monitoring of screen time particularly for recreational purposes should be monitored to prevent negative consequences in children and adolescents with ADHD. On the other hand, designing educational and treatment interventions based on digital technology could not be ignored.
Education
Authors: Moses Yolanda 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDiversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives in the university are increasingly valorized, but have we made progress in supporting diverse faculty and students? Synthesizing contributions in this issue that advocate for meaningful faculty diversity and genuine forms of care in the university, this essay reflects on why, even after decades of such diversity initiatives, higher education still struggles with the underrepresentation of minority scholars. Even as legal frameworks such as the Government Issued Bill (GI Bill) (in its seven iterations to date) have shifted toward greater inclusion and the Civil Rights movement opened new pathways that continue to expand today, we must go beyond counting diverse bodies in the academy toward meaningful practices that allow diverse scholars to thrive. Drawing on Moten and Harney's notion of the undercommons urges us to reflect and take action in our own teaching and research roles in the system to build spaces of radical refusal and collective dissent that challenge traditional ideas about the role of the university in society. Such a project requires centering students in their own learning, putting higher education within a larger late capitalism neoliberal context, and holding administrators accountable for their leadership and support of diversity initiatives. Collectively, such actions have the potential to move the university toward the sustained and genuine diversity and inclusion efforts we need to remain relevant.
Experience of Aging‐In‐Place in Older Adults Living Alone With Chronic Disease in Rural Areas in South Korea: A Grounded Theory Approach
Authors: Park Go‐Eun , Jang Hye‐Young 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRural areas in South Korea lack adequate healthcare facilities, and many older people wish to continue living in their current environment despite these challenges. This study derives a substantive theory on the aging‐in‐place process among older people living alone with chronic diseases in rural areas. Purposeful and theoretical sampling were used to select 18 participants. In‐depth interviews were conducted over 3 months, and data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory method. Twelve categories and 28 subcategories were identified, with the core category being “enduring inconvenience and utilizing available resources to live in a familiar environment.” Participants faced challenges such as limited healthcare, isolation, and difficulty managing chronic illnesses. However, their desire to age in place was rooted in preserving their hometown's history. To cope, they practiced healthy behaviors, used social welfare services, and adapted their homes for safety. Four stages emerged: “preserving,” “enduring,” “utilizing,” and “living.” Our findings highlight the need for policies supporting older people with chronic diseases in rural areas to maintain their independence and connection to familiar environments.