bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trigeminal neuralgia as the sole neurological manifestation of COVID‐19: A case report
Authors: Molina‐Gil Javier , González‐Fernández Lucía , García‐Cabo Carmen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo describe a case report of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) due to coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19).BackgroundIn March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID‐19 as a pandemic. Respiratory system manifestations are dominant in this new disease. However, numerous case series and reviews have been published on the neurological manifestations, highlighting the potential neurotropism of the new coronavirus.MethodsWe describe a clinical case of TN during COVID‐19 and we discuss the differential diagnosis and the potential pathogenic mechanism according to the literature.ResultsA 65‐year‐old man with general malaise and typical respiratory symptoms of COVID‐19, who presented with paroxysmal lancinating pain in the right V1 trigeminal territory without other neurological symptoms. General blood test and neuroimaging study were normal. A rapid test showed positive IgG and IgM serologies for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). The patient was diagnosed with TN secondary to a viral infection by SARS‐CoV‐2. Facial pain resolved with the improvement of COVID‐19.ConclusionsThe new coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 is a possible etiology of secondary TN. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to elucidate the neuropathology of this viral infection.
Characterization and use of clays from the Rio Bonito Formation/Paraná Basin for ceramic industry application
Authors: Comin André Biava , Zaccaron Alexandre , Nandi Vitor de Souza , Inocente Jordana Mariot , Muller Thuani Gesser , Peterson Michael 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRaw materials with different technological properties found in the same geological region can constitute a ceramic formulation upon proper mixing. This study aims to demonstrate the best way to develop a mixture using a mixture design method, emphasizing the geology of three clays in the Rio Bonito Formation/Paraná Basin. The mineralogical and chemical characteristics of these clays were investigated by X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray fluorescence, respectively, along with elementary (CNH), differential thermal and thermogravimetric analysis, and dilatometry. Ten formulations and their technological properties, including apparent density, shrinkage, water absorption, and mechanical resistance, were investigated. The results showed the potential of the studied mineral deposit clays for application in the ceramic industry in different materials. Clay 1 showed refractory characteristics, and Clay 3 was more plastic. The mixtures with higher contents of Clay 1 showed ideal for monoporosa tile recipes. The mixtures with higher contents of Clay 3 were ideal for porcelain tile pastes.
Dietary polysaccharide from Mung bean [Vigna radiate (Linn.) Wilczek] skin modulates gut microbiota and short‐chain fatty acids in mice
Authors: Xie Jianhua , Song Qianqian , Yu Qiang , Chen Yi , Hong Yuzhen , Shen Mingyue 
Published: March 2021

SummaryCumulative evidence revealed that the gut microbiota play important role in human health. Polysaccharide from Mung bean [Vigna radiate (Linn.) Wilczek] skin has been confirmed to have a variety of biological activities, but its effect on the gut microbiota has not been considered. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hot water extraction of mung bean skin water‐soluble polysaccharides (MBP‐2) on the gut microbiota of Balb/c mice and its main metabolite short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The results showed that supplementation with MBP‐2 increased the colon length and the production of SCFAs in Balb/c mice, and improved the intestinal microenvironment by producing SCFAs, which is beneficial to the intestinal health of mice. MBP‐2 increased the Chao1 index and ACE index in a dose‐depended manner, and changed the structure of the gut microbiota and significantly promoted the growth of probiotic bacteria in Balb/c mice. The faecal bacterial flora of mice is mainly composed of nine phyla and twenty‐seven genera, MBP‐2 can regulate the composition of intestinal flora by increasing Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Clostridium and decreasing TM7, thereby maintaining intestinal health.
Textural quality of sweet dumpling: effect of germination of waxy rice
Authors: Xu Ke , She Zhenyun , Wang Hongwei , Liu Xingli , Zhang Yanyan , Chi Chengdeng , Zhang Hua 
Published: March 2021

SummaryEffects of germination on components and structural changes of rice flours and, in turn, rheological properties and textural attributes of sweet dumplings were investigated in this study. Germination decreased starch, protein and lipid content, while slightly increased free amino acids content. Starch granular surface corroded, crystalline structure disrupted, and short‐range ordered structures and helical structures decreased with germination. Moreover, germination resulted in a decreased paste viscosity and gel intensity of flour and a reduction of hardness and adhesiveness of dumplings. According to the Pearson’s correlation analysis, flours components and starch structures were significantly correlated with flours rheological properties that determined textural attributes of sweet dumplings. The germination contributed to significant changes in flours components and starch structures, which suggested the pretreatment of germination of waxy rice could be a promising pathway to control textural properties of sweet dumplings.
Platelets: "multiple choice" effectors in the immune response and their implication in COVID‐19 thromboinflammatory process
Authors: Rolla Roberta , Puricelli Chiara , Bertoni Alessandra , Boggio Elena , Gigliotti Casimiro Luca , Chiocchetti Annalisa , Cappellano Giuseppe , Dianzani Umberto 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlthough platelets are traditionally recognized for their central role in hemostasis, the presence of chemotactic factors, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and costimulatory molecules in their granules and membranes indicates that they may play an immunomodulatory role in the immune response, flanking their capacity to trigger blood coagulation and inflammation. Indeed, platelets play a role not only in the innate immune response, through the expression of Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) and release of inflammatory cytokines, but also in the adaptive immune response, through expression of key costimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules capable to activate T cells. Moreover, platelets release huge amounts of extracellular vesicles capable to interact with multiple immune players. The function of platelets thus extends beyond aggregation and implies a multifaceted interplay between hemostasis, inflammation, and the immune response, leading to the amplification of the body's defense processes on one hand, but also potentially degenerating into life‐threatening pathological processes on the other. This narrative review summarizes the current knowledge and the most recent updates on platelet immune functions and interactions with infectious agents, with a particular focus on their involvement in COVID‐19, whose pathogenesis involves a dysregulation of hemostatic and immune processes in which platelets may be determinant causative agents.
Ripe to be heard: Worker voice in the Fair Food Program
Authors: MIERES Fabiola , MCGRATH Siobhán 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Fair Food Program (FFP) provides a mechanism through which agricultural workers’ collective voice is expressed, heard and responded to within global value chains. The FFP's model of worker‐driven social responsibility presents an alternative to traditional corporate social responsibility. This article identifies the FFP's key components and demonstrates its resilience by identifying the ways in which the issues faced by a new group of migrant workers – recruited through a “guest‐worker” scheme – were incorporated and dealt with. This case study highlights the important potential presented by the programme to address labour abuses across transnationalized labour markets while considering early replication possibilities.
Brief training in child and adolescent mental health: Impact on the knowledge and attitudes of pediatric nurses in Nigeria
Authors: Onileimo Victoria , Bella‐Awusah Tolulope , Lasebikan Victor , Omigbodun Olayinka 
Published: March 2021

AbstractProblemPoor knowledge and stigmatizing attitudes of healthcare professionals constitute a significant barrier to child and adolescent mental health care worldwide. This study aimed to determine the effect of a training intervention on the knowledge and attitudes of pediatric nurses to child mental health problems at a Nigerian tertiary hospital.MethodsA two group pretest–posttest study design was undertaken. A total of 156 pediatric nurses were recruited, and participants in the intervention group received a brief child mental health training based on the World Health Organization's mhGAP training manual. Knowledge and attitudes to child mental health problems were obtained at baseline, and post intervention.FindingsThere were no differences in knowledge or attitudes across the two groups at baseline. Post intervention, there was a significant increase in the mean post knowledge scores of the intervention group compared with the control group (t = 3.8, p < .001). The effect size of the intervention was 0.62. There were no significant differences in mean post attitude scores across groups.ConclusionIncorporating children and adolescents mental health competencies into the training of nurses had a modest effect on their knowledge, but limited effect on their attitudes.
Effective bioconversion of farmed chicken products by black soldier fly larvae at commercially relevant growth temperatures
Authors: Logan Lily A. P. , Latty Tanya , Roberts Thomas H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGlobal population growth and an increasing demand for meat has driven the intensification of livestock production. On poultry farms, the accumulation of waste such as faeces, carcasses and unsellable eggs creates environmental and health hazards that need to be mitigated. The larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens; BSFL) offer a potential solution to the problems of waste management on poultry farms. BSFL consume large quantities of organic waste and convert it into larval biomass, which can then be processed for use as livestock feeds or biofuels. This makes BSFL an ideal candidate for value‐added waste management on chicken farms. Here, we examined the development and nutrient profile of BSFL given five different diet treatments: poultry feed (control), chicken meat, chicken egg, chicken manure and a mixture of equal parts chicken meat, egg and manure. Chicken meat, egg and mixed diets were all found to be suitable feedstocks for BSFL, but the manure‐only treatment was associated with a high failure rate of larval development. Mixing manure with other poultry waste streams ameliorated the negative impacts of manure on BSFL. Larvae reared on chicken meat, egg and the mixed diet had equal or higher mean crude protein (CP) (39.9%, 33.8% and 31.5%, respectively) and crude lipid (CL) contents (30.1%, 29.00% and 28.7%, respectively), compared with BSFL reared exclusively on chicken feed (CP: 30.9%, CL: 23.8%), demonstrating the suitability of these waste‐stream diets for the potential animal feed quality of the BSFL. We discuss how BSFL bioconversion could be implemented to address environment management issues on poultry farms.
The perceptions of healthcare professionals about accreditation and its impact on quality of healthcare in Kuwait: a qualitative study
Authors: Katoue Maram Gamal , Somerville Susan Geraldine , Barake Roula , Scott Mairi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesThe accreditation of healthcare organizations has been applied as a quality assurance mechanism of healthcare services. Kuwait health authorities implemented a national healthcare accreditation program at the governmental healthcare system. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of healthcare professionals (HCPs) about healthcare accreditation, perceived challenges to implementing accreditation, and views on how to overcome these challenges.MethodsA phenomenological qualitative framework was adopted to conduct focus group interviews to explore perceptions of HCPs about accreditation in governmental healthcare system. Data were collected from 30 HCPs using seven focus group interviews. The verbatim transcripts of the interviews were analysed using the framework approach.ResultsThe HCPs indicated that accreditation enhanced patient safety culture at their organizations through staff adherence to good practices, improved documentation and patient handover practices, and incident reporting. The facilitators to the implementation of accreditation that emerged from interviews included administrative support, staff training about accreditation, and expansion in application of electronic systems. Participants reported several challenges to implementing accreditation including challenges related to staff (eg, high workload, burdens imposed by accreditation requirements), challenges related to organizational system and resources (eg, poor teamwork among HCPs, inadequate infrastructure in some facilities), and challenges related to patients (eg, poor understanding about accreditation). However, most participants expressed positive attitudes towards accreditation and appreciated its impact on quality of healthcare. Participants suggested ways to support accreditation such as increasing staff numbers to reduce workload, enhancing staff motivation and education about accreditation, developing proactive leadership and staff teamwork, and improving patients' awareness about accreditation.ConclusionsHCPs in Kuwait expressed positive attitudes towards accreditation while also recognizing the challenges that may hinder its implementation. The collaboration between different stakeholders in this process is essential to overcome these challenges and support HCPs to meet accreditation standards and improve quality of healthcare services.
Agreement between the categorization of isolates of Aeromonas salmonicida and Yersinia ruckeri by disc diffusion and MIC tests performed at 22℃
Authors: Baron Sandrine , Larvor Emeline , Jouy Eric , Kempf Isabelle , Le Bouquin Sophie , Chauvin Claire , Boitard Pierre‐Marie , Jamin Matthieu , Le Breton Alain , Thuillier Benoit , Smith Peter 
Published: March 2021

AbstractStandard disc diffusion and MIC test procedure were used to investigate the susceptibility of two hundred and fifty‐one isolates collected from infected fish in France to florfenicol, oxolinic acid and tetracycline. The tests were performed at 22 ± 2℃ and for the 177 Yersinia ruckeri they were read after 24–28 hr incubation and for the 74 Aeromonas salmonicida isolates they were read after 44–48 hr. Applying epidemiological cut‐off values to the susceptibility data generated in these tests, the isolates were categorized as wild‐type or non‐wild‐type. The agent‐specific categories into each isolate were placed on the basis of the data generated by the two methods were in agreement in 98% of the determinations made. It is argued that, with respect to categorising isolates, disc diffusion and MIC methods can be considered as equally valid at this temperature and after both periods of incubation.
Fractional carbon dioxide laser versus trichloroacetic acid peel in the treatment of pseudo‐acanthosis nigricans
Authors: Eldeeb Fatma , Wahid Reham M. , Alakad Rania 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of acanthosis nigricans (AN) is challenging, and new modalities are being explored continuously to increase the therapeutic efficacy.AimTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of fractional CO2 laser compared to trichloroacetic acid (TCA) peel in the treatment of pseudo‐acanthosis nigricans (pseudo‐AN).MethodsThe study included 40 patients with pseudo‐AN on the neck and axilla allocated into two groups each containing 20 patients. Group (A) was treated with TCA 20% peel applied on the pigmented area while group (B) received fractional CO2 laser. Both treatments were performed till complete clearance or for a maximum of four treatment sessions. Patients with excellent response were further followed up for 6 months after the end of treatment.ResultsBoth modalities were effective in the treatment of pseudo‐AN; however, the therapeutic response was significantly higher in the fractional CO2 laser group compared to the TCA peel group (p < 0.01). Marked to excellent response (51%–100% clearance of AN lesions) was achieved in 85% of the patients in the fractional laser group versus 10% of the patients in the TCA group. Adverse effects, for example, persistent erythema, post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation, and burning sensation, were also statistically higher in the TCA group compared to the laser group (p = 0.04).ConclusionFractional CO2 laser is a promising effective and well‐tolerated treatment modality for pseudo‐acanthosis nigricans.
Intralesional methotrexate versus triamcinolone acetonide for localized alopecia areata treatment: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Hamdino Mervat , El‐Barbary Rasha Aly , Darwish Hanan Mohammed 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundMultiple therapeutic modalities are available for alopecia areata (AA) but still a challenging disease with variable severity, recurrence, and a major cosmetic concern.AimsCompare the effectiveness and safety of intralesional methotrexate (MTX) versus triamcinolone acetonide (TrA) in the treatment of localized AA in adults, both clinically and trichoscopically.Patients/Methods40 adult patients with localized AA were recruited and divided into two groups. 20 patients were treated by intralesional TrA and the other 20 patients were treated by intralesional MTX every 3 weeks, for maximum four sessions. Clinical and trichoscopic evaluation at baseline, each session and for 3 months after the last session was performed.ResultsAt the end of sessions (12 weeks), regrowth scale was significantly higher in TrA group compared to MTX group (p‐value = 0.028). But, after 3‐month follow‐up, regrowth scale was higher in MTX group compared to TrA group (p‐value = 0.153). A statistically significant reduction in AA specific trichoscopic signs after 12 weeks and at the 3‐month follow‐up in both groups. Local adverse events in both groups were transient and disappeared during the follow‐up period.ConclusionIntralesional MTX in treatment of localized AA in adults can be promising and comparable to intralesional TrA with the need for further controlled and extensive trials. Trichoscopy can reveal early clinical response through disappearance of AA‐specific trichoscopic signs and also early detection of adverse effects.
Effect of plantar reflexology on labor pain and childbirth experience: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Jameei‐Moghaddam Massoumeh , Goljaryan Sakineh , Mohammad Alizadeh Charandabi Sakineh , Taghavi Simin , Mirghafourvand Mojgan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine the effect of plantar reflexology on the severity of labor pain and childbirth experience (primary outcomes) and the duration of labor stages (secondary outcomes).MethodsThis single‐blind randomized controlled trial was performed on 90 women in Al‐Zahra and Taleghani hospitals in Tabriz‐Iran. Participants were randomly assigned into three groups; Intervention 1 (two 30‐min massages at the effective point of pain for each sole), intervention 2 (one 30‐min massage at the effective point of pain and one 30‐min massage at the heel for each sole), and control (two 30‐minute heel massages). Massage was performed once in 4‐cm dilatation and the second time in 7‐cm dilatation. The severity of pain and childbirth experience were measured by Visual Analogue Scale and Labor Agentry Scale, respectively. Partograph chart was used to measure the length of labor stages.ResultsThe severity of pain in intervention group 1 was significantly lower than the control group (AMD: −1.7; 9% confidence interval: −2.8 to −0.6; p = 0.001), but there was no significant difference between intervention groups 1 and 2 (p = 0.066) and intervention group 2 and control (p = 0.336). A significant difference was observed between groups in terms of length of the third stage of labor (p = 0.04). There was no significant difference between groups in terms of mean childbirth experience score (p = 0.217), duration of active phase (p = 0.099), and second stage of labor (p = 0.114).ConclusionThe results of the study showed that plantar reflexology can reduce the severity of labor pain and the length of third stage of labor.
Clinical characteristics of uterine rupture without previous Cesarean section: A 25‐year retrospective study
Authors: Zhao Peng , Su Chang , Wang Caifeng , Xu Junbi , Bai Xiaoxia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of uterine rupture without preceding Cesarean section.MethodsThe medical records of all deliveries at the Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between 1992 and 2017 were reviewed. All cases of uterine rupture without previous Cesarean delivery were included. Two types of uterine rupture, incomplete and complete, were distinguished. The clinical characteristics of each patient were collected and analyzed, including demographic information, clinical manifestation, operative records, site of rupture, pregnancy and labor complication, obstetrics risk factors, and birth outcome.ResultsThere were 222 418 deliveries in total during the study period. Nineteen cases of uterine rupture without previous Cesarean section were identified. As a result, the incomplete rupture group had significant advanced gestational age, decreased maternal gravidity, lower incidence of dilation and curettage, and lower perinatal mortality rate. In aspect of the rupture site, the involvement of the lower segment of the uterus was significantly more common in the incomplete rupture group. In the complete rupture group, the participants with a gestation age less than 28 weeks were more likely to have a history of dilation and curettage than those with a gestation age over 28 weeks.ConclusionsThe history of dilation and curettage is the major risk factor of uterine rupture without Cesarean section. Our findings imply that obstetricians should be cautious of spontaneous uterine rupture in pregnant women who has a history of dilation and curettage.
Recurrent sigmoid volvulus: Cause of colon perforation, sepsis, and fetal death
Authors: Simsek Deniz , Ozgen Gulten 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSigmoid volvulus is one of the most common reasons for intestinal obstruction. Recurrent sigmoid volvulus occurred in only a few cases. Torsion of the sigmoid colon around the mesenteric portion initiates ischemia, gangrene, and perforation. Here, we presented a case with recurrent sigmoid volvulus. A 19‐year‐old Syrian refugee has been admitted to emergency room during 30th gestation week with acute abdomen, constipation, and lack of gas passage. She had a medical history of rectosigmoidoscopy and detorsion of sigmoid volvulus 6 days ago. Her vital signs showed tachycardia, hypotension, and tachypne, and her body temperature was 35.6°C. Sonography revealed nonviable fetus. Emergency laparotomy has been performed. Sigmoid volvulus and contaminated intraperitoneal area with feces was evaluated. A cesarean section, total colectomy, and end‐ileostomy have been performed. Patient stayed 3 days in intensive care unit and was discharged on the 17th day. Sigmoid volvulus is a real emergency. Delayed treatment of sigmoid volvulus is related to maternal and fetal mortality.