bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategi Promosi Kesehatan Dalam Program Kawasan Tanpa Rokok di Desa Bone-Bone Kabupaten Enrekang
Authors: Sari Indah , Fairus Prihatin Idris  , Yusriani  
Published: November 2021

Merokok merupakan kebiasaan yang hampir ditemui disetiap kalangan masyarakat, jumlah perokok terus meningkat karena kurangnya pengetahuan,dan faktor lingkungan sekitar yang dapat mengancam keselamatan jiwa laki-laki. Merokok mengakibatkan kecanduan seperti perokok pasif yang menyebabkan penyakit kanker dan ISPA. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan informasi secara mendalam mengenai advokasi, binasuasana, dan pemberdayaan masyarakat mengenai strategi promosi kesehatan dalam program KTR diDesa Bone-Bone Kecamatan Baraka. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi kualitatif yang deskriptif mengambarkan,melukiskan fakta-fakta atau keadaan maupun situasi yang tampak dalam Desa, fokus utamanya mengali secara mendalam bagaimana terbentuknya KTR sampai saat ini. melalui wawancara mendalam(indepth interview),observasi dan dokumentasi secara terus menerus selama penelitian berlangsung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Bone-Bone pada tanggal 9 Maret sampai dengan 16 Agustus 2020. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasi kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Informasi diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam. Sumber data yaitu orang-orang yang diminta memberikan informasi, dan bersedia memberikan informasi yang disebut informan. Jumlah informan biasa sebanyak 4 orang, namun yang peneliti dalami 3 orang. Kesimpulan Advokasi mengenai KTR didesa Bone-Bone berjalan dengan sesuai yang diharapkan walaupun adanya masyarakat yang tidak setuju. Bina Suasana mengenai KTR didesa Bone-Bone dilakukan melaui proses yang panjang dan selalu melakukan sosialisasi,pemasangan spanduk larangan merokok, dan ceramah-ceramah mengenai rokok berbahaya, Pemberdayaan Masyarakat mengenai KTR didesa Bone-Bone melihat sejauh mana perkembangan program dan melibatkan para tokoh masyarakat agar program yang dijalankan lebih evisien.
EFFECTIVENESS OF PEDIATRIC PALLIATIVE CARE EDUCATION PROGRAM IN STRENGTHENING NURSING STUDENTS’ PALLIATIVE CARE PRACTICES AND ATTITUDES TOWARD CARE OF THE DYING
Authors: AKDENİZ KUDUBEŞ Aslı , AYAR Dıjle , BEKTAŞ İlknur , BEKTAŞ Murat 
Published: November 2021

Objective: The present study used a quasi-experimental design to determine the effectiveness of palliative care education program in strengthening nursing students’ palliative care practices and attitudes toward care of the dying.
Methods: The study involved 39 nursing student of 4th year, including 17 students in the experimental group and 22 in the control group. A pediatric palliative care education program was applied to the intervention group through interactive learning methods. The data was evaluated using multidimensional variance analysis, the Bonferroni modified t measure, and regression analysis.
Results: A significant difference was found among the experimental and the control group for total mean scores of the all scale. A high level, positive, and highly significant relationship was found between the education program and all scale.
Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that the pediatric palliative care education program was an effective method that could be used in educating nursing students. The study provides effective results for including pediatric palliative care nursing course to the nursing undergraduate education curriculum.
Assessment of Oral Health in Elders with and without Alzheimer’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: CEBECİ Ilgın Asena , OZTURK Damla , DOGAN Basak , BEKİROĞLU Nural 
Published: November 2021

Objective: Assessment and comparison of oral health status in elders with and without Alzheimer's disease.
Methods: This age and gender matched cross-sectional study included participants from an Alzheimer’s day care center, and a nursing home. Mental state, oral and periodontal health, Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), unstimulated salivary flow rate (USFR), and other dry mouth conditions were examined. Group comparisons, and correlation analysis were performed.
Results: Thirty-six elders with AD and 37 elders without AD were included. Elders had similar GOHAI scores, USFR level (p>0.05). Elders with AD had lower probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL), and higher presence of no periodontitis than the elders without AD (p
Combined Methodologies for Determining In Vitro Bioavailability of Drugs and Prediction of In Vivo Bioequivalence From Pharmaceutical Oral Formulations
Authors: De Simone A. , Davani L. , Montanari S. , Tumiatti V. , Avanessian S. , Testi F. , Andrisano V. 
Published: November 2021

With the aim of developing an in vitro model for the bioavailability (BA) prediction of drugs, we focused on the study of levonorgestrel (LVN) released by 1.5 mg generic and brand-name tablets. The developed method consisted in combining a standard dissolution test with an optimized parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) to gain insights into both drug release and gastrointestinal absorption. Interestingly, the obtained results revealed that the tablet standard dissolution test, combined with an optimized PAMPA, highlighted a significant decrease in the release (15 ± 0.01 μg min−1 vs 30 ± 0.01 μg min−1) and absorption (19 ± 7 × 10–6 ± 7 cm/s Pe vs 41 ± 15 × 10–6 cm/s Pe) profiles of a generic LVN tablet when compared to the brand-name formulation, explaining unbalanced in vivo bioequivalence (BE). By using this new approach, we could determine the actual LVN drug concentration dissolved in the medium, which theoretically can permeate the gastrointestinal (GI) barrier. In fact, insoluble LVN/excipient aggregates were found in the dissolution media giving rise to non-superimposable dissolution profiles between generic and brand-name LVN tablets. Hence, the results obtained by combining the dissolution test and PAMPA method provided important insights confirming that the combined methods can be useful in revealing crucial issues in the prediction of in vivo BE of drugs.
Diagnostic Improvements of Deep Learning–Based Image Reconstruction for Assessing Calcification-Related Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Yi Yan , Xu Cheng , Xu Min , Yan Jing , Li Yan-Yu , Wang Jian , Yang Si-Jie , Guo Yu-Bo , Wang Yun , Li Yu-Mei , Jin Zheng-Yu , Wang Yi-Ning 
Published: November 2021

Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the diagnostic value of deep learning-based image reconstruction (DLR) and hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) for calcification-related obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) evaluation by using coronary CT angiography (CCTA) images and subtraction CCTA images.Methods: Forty-two consecutive patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease who underwent coronary CTA on a 320-row CT scanner and subsequent invasive coronary angiography (ICA), which was used as the reference standard, were enrolled. The DLR and HIR images were reconstructed as CTADLR and CTAHIR, and, based on which, the corresponding subtraction CCTA images were established as CTAsDLR and CTAsHIR, respectively. Qualitative images quality comparison was performed by using a Likert 4 stage score, and quantitative images quality parameters, including image noise, signal-to-noise ratio, and contrast-to-noise ratio were calculated. Diagnostic performance on the lesion level was assessed and compared among the four CCTA approaches (CTADLR, CTAHIR, CTAsDLR, and CTAsHIR).Results: There were 166 lesions of 86 vessels in 42 patients (32 men and 10 women; 62.9 ± 9.3 years) finally enrolled for analysis. The qualitative and quantitative image qualities of CTAsDLR and CTADLR were superior to those of CTAsHIR and CTAHIR, respectively. The diagnostic accuracies of CTAsDLR, CTADLR, CTAsHIR, and CTAHIR to identify calcification-related obstructive diameter stenosis were 83.73%, 69.28%, 75.30%, and 65.66%, respectively. The false-positive rates of CTAsDLR, CTADLR, CTAsHIR, and CTAHIR for luminal diameter stenosis ≥50% were 15%, 31%, 24%, and 34%, respectively. The sensitivity and the specificity to identify ≥50% luminal diameter stenosis was 90.91% and 83.23% for CTAsDLR.Conclusion: Our study showed that deep learning–based image reconstruction could improve the image quality of CCTA images and diagnostic performance for calcification-related obstructive CAD, especially when combined with subtraction technique.
Exogenous HMGB1 Promotes the Proliferation and Metastasis of Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhu Li , Ren Shuai , Daniels Marcus J. , Qiu Wenli , Song Lian , You Tao , Wang Dongqing , Wang Zhongqiu 
Published: November 2021

Background: Exogenous HMGB1 plays a vital role in tumor recurrence, and HMGB1 is ubiquitous in the tumor microenvironment. However, the mechanism of action is still unclear. We investigated the role of exogenous HMGB1 in tumor proliferation and metastasis using human SW1990 and PANC-1 cells after radiotherapy and explored the possible molecular mechanism.Materials and Methods: Residual PANC-1 cells and SW1990 cells were isolated after radiotherapy. The supernatant after radiotherapy was collected. The relative expression of HMGB1 was evaluated by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Electron microscope (EMS) was used to collect the images of pancreatic cancer cells pre and post radiotherapy treatment. The proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells which were treated with different radiation doses was measured by Carboxy Fluorescein Succinimidyl Ester (CFSE). The migration rates of pancreatic cancer cells were measured by wound healing assays. Subsequently, the expression of related proteins was detected by Western Blot. In vivo, the subcutaneous pancreatic tumor models of nude mice were established, and therapeutic capabilities were tested.Results: HMGB1 was detected in the supernatant of pancreatic cancer cells after radiotherapy. The results of CFSE showed that exogenous HMGB1 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. The western blot results showed activation of p-GSK 3β and up-regulation of N-CA, Bcl-2, and Ki67 in response to HMGB1 stimulation, while E-CA expression was down-regulated in pancreatic cancer cells in response to HMGB1 stimulation. In vivo, ethyl pyruvate (EP, HMGB1 inhibitor) inhibits the growth of tumors and HMGB1 promotes the proliferation of tumors after radiation.Conclusion: Radiotherapy induces HMGB1 release into the extracellular space. Exogenous HMGB1 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of PANC-1 cells and SW1990 cells by activation of p-GSK 3β which is mediated by Wnt pathway.
Eculizumab Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Singh Pratap , Gao Xiang , Kleijn Huub Jan , Bellanti Francesco , Pelto Ryan 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To investigate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the approved 900/1,200 mg dosing regimen for the terminal complement component 5 (C5) inhibitor eculizumab in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).Methods: Data were analyzed from 95 patients with aquaporin-4-IgG-positive NMOSD who received eculizumab during the PREVENT study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01892345). Relationships were explored between eculizumab exposure and free complement C5 concentrations, terminal complement activity, and clinical outcomes.Results: Pharmacokinetic data were well-described by a two-compartment model with first-order elimination, and time-variant body-weight and plasmapheresis/plasma exchange effects. Steady-state serum eculizumab concentrations were achieved by Week 4 and were sustained, with serum trough eculizumab concentrations maintained above the 116 μg/ml threshold for complete complement inhibition throughout 168 weeks of treatment in all post-baseline samples from 89% of patients. Complete inhibition of terminal complement was achieved at Day 1 peak and pre-dosing trough eculizumab concentration in nearly all post-baseline samples assessed (free C5 &lt;0.5 μg/ml in all post-baseline samples from 96% of patients; in vitro hemolysis &lt;20% in all post-baseline samples from 93% of patients). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of time to first relapse showed separation of eculizumab-treated patients from those receiving placebo, but no separation based on eculizumab exposure quartile, indicating an optimized dose regimen with maximized efficacy.Conclusions: The approved eculizumab dosing regimen (900/1,200 mg) for adults with aquaporin-4-IgG-positive NMOSD is confirmed by rigorous quantitative model-based analysis of exposure–response. The data demonstrate that eculizumab's mechanism of action translates into clinical effect by achieving rapid, complete, and sustained terminal complement inhibition.
Cross-Sectional Area Reference Values for Sonography of Peripheral Nerves in Taiwanese Adults
Authors: Hsieh Pei-Chen , Chang Kuo-Hsuan , Wu Yih-Ru , Ro Long-Sun , Chu Chun-Che , Lyu Rong-Kuo , Liao Ming-Feng , Kuo Hung-Chou 
Published: November 2021

Background: Neuromuscular ultrasound is a complementary technology that aids in the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy. The interpretation of neuromuscular ultrasound results requires the use of accurate normative cross-sectional area (CSA) reference values. This study aims to provide CSA reference values specific to Taiwanese adults for Sonography of peripheral nerves in the upper and lower extremities.Methods: The study cohort included 66 healthy subjects (36 women; 30 men). A linear probe was used to measure the CSA of the median, ulnar, radial, tibial, sural, and peroneal nerves at multiple sites. These data were analyzed to determine standard ranges for the CSA at each site (reference range = mean ± 2 × SD) and identify correlations between the CSA and patient characteristics.Results: Normative CSA ranges were determined for all the assessed nerve sites, revealing that the nerve sizes in this Taiwanese population were smaller than Caucasian populations but comparable to those reported for other Asian cohorts. Men tended to have larger nerves than women, even after adjusting for height and weight. The size of ulnar nerve in the cubital tunnel and the peroneal nerve in the popliteal fossa correlated negatively with increasing age. The nerve size correlated positively with increasing weight and BMI at several sites, correlation of median nerve in the forearm with weight and BMI was significant after multiple testing. Significant correlation was also found between size of ulnar nerve in cubital tunnel and decreasing height.Conclusion: We provide reference ranges for neuromuscular ultrasound CSA values for the upper and lower extremities that are specific to the Taiwanese population. These reference values may be useful for evaluating peripheral neuropathy in Taiwanese subjects.
Cortical Thickness of Brain Areas Beyond Stroke Lesions and Sensory-Motor Recovery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cortese Anna Maria , Cacciante Luisa , Schuler Anna-Lisa , Turolla Andrea , Pellegrino Giovanni 
Published: November 2021

Background: The clinical outcome of patients suffering from stroke is dependent on multiple factors. The features of the lesion itself play an important role but clinical recovery is remarkably influenced by the plasticity mechanisms triggered by the stroke and occurring at a distance from the lesion. The latter translate into functional and structural changes of which cortical thickness might be easy to quantify one of the main players. However, studies on the changes of cortical thickness in brain areas beyond stroke lesion and their relationship to sensory-motor recovery are sparse.Objectives: To evaluate the effects of cerebral stroke on cortical thickness (CT) beyond the stroke lesion and its association with sensory-motor recovery.Materials and Methods: Five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and the Cochrane Library) were searched. Methodological quality of the included studies was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for non-randomized controlled trials and the Risk of Bias Cochrane tool for randomized controlled trials.Results: The search strategy retrieved 821 records, 12 studies were included and risk of bias assessed. In most of the included studies, cortical thinning was seen at the ipsilesional motor area (M1). Cortical thinning can occur beyond the stroke lesion, typically in regions anatomically connected because of anterograde degeneration. Nonetheless, studies also reported cortical thickening of regions of the unaffected hemisphere, likely related to compensatory plasticity. Some studies revealed a significant correlation between changes in cortical thickness of M1 or somatosensory (S1) cortical areas and motor function recovery.Discussion and Conclusions: Following a stroke, changes in cortical thickness occur both in regions directly connected to the stroke lesion and in contralateral hemisphere areas as well as in the cerebellum. The underlying mechanisms leading to these changes in cortical thickness are still to be fully understood and further research in the field is needed.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020200539; PROSPERO 2020, identifier: CRD42020200539.
The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Anthropometric and Biochemical Indices in Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Rezaei Shahla , Tabrizi Reza , Nowrouzi-Sohrabi Peyman , Jalali Mohammad , Shabani-Borujeni Mojtaba , Modaresi Shayan , Gholamalizadeh Maryam , Doaei Saeid 
Published: November 2021

Background: Vitamin D was reported to be associated with non−alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This systematic review and meta−analysis aimed to investigate the effects of the vitamin D supplementation on anthropometric and biochemical indices in patient with NAFLD.Methods: PubMed, Web of science, Scopus, and Embase databases were explored to identify all randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigating the effects of vitamin D supplementation on anthropometric and biochemical indices in patients with NAFLD. A random−effects model was used to pool weighted mean difference (WMD) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The statistical heterogeneity among the studies was assessed using I2 statistic (high ≥ 50%, low &lt; 50%) and Cochran’s Q−test.Results: Sixteen RCTs were included in this meta−analysis. The results identified that high−density lipoprotein−cholesterol (HDL−C) level significantly increased following vitamin D supplementation (P = 0.008). Vitamin D reduced body weight (P = 0.007), body mass index (P = 0.002), waist circumstance (WC) (P = 0.02), serum alanine transaminase (ALT) (P = 0.01), fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P = 0.01), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA−IR) (P = 0.004), and calcium (P = 0.01). No significant changes were found on body fat, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, low−density lipoprotein−cholesterol (LDL−C), aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma−glutamyl transferase, and adiponectin following vitamin D supplementation.Conclusion: Vitamin D had significant effects on anthropometric and biochemical indices including HDL−C, body weight, BMI, WC, serum ALT, serum FBS, HOMA−IR, and calcium. Vitamin D supplementation can be considered as an effective strategy in management of patients with NAFLD.Systematic Review Registration: [website], identifier [registration number]
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Associated Factors 1 Year After the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Chinese Residents
Authors: Shen Xin , Yan Shijiao , Jiang Heng , Cao Hui , Dowling Rowan , Feng Jing , Lei Zihui , Li Crystal Jingru , Han Xiaotong , Lv Chuanzhu , Gan Yong 
Published: November 2021

Background: By investigating the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among residents during a period of low transmission, this study reflects the long-term impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and identify which categories of residents are more likely to develop PTSD due to an acute infectious disease crisis, facilitating the development of targeted strategies to protect mental health after outbreaks of similar acute infectious diseases in the future.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in China from 4 to 26 February 2021. A convenience sampling strategy was adopted to recruit participants. Participants were asked to complete the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). A multivariable linear stepwise regression analysis model was used to identify which factors were associated with PTSD in residents of China.Results: A total of 2,361 Chinese residents completed the questionnaire. The mean PCL-5 score for the respondents was 13.65 (SD = 8.66), with 219 (9.28%) patients having probable PTSD symptoms. Respondents who were female (β = 0.038), had a relative or friend who had contracted COVID-19 (β = 0.041), and had poor health (β = 0.184) had higher PCL-5 scores, while the population aged over 60 years (β = −0.063), who agreed that COVID-19 information was released in a timely manner (β = −0.347), who had experienced a relatively limited impact of COVID-19 on their life (β = −0.069), and who agreed that the local prevention initiatives were sophisticated (β = −0.165) had lower PTSD scores.Conclusions: Outbreaks of acute infectious diseases can have long-term psychological health effects in the general population. In addition, health policy makers need to be concerned about and implement measures to support the mental health of vulnerable groups.