bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes in adult patients with plaque psoriasis treated with ustekinumab under real‐world practice in Korea: A prospective, observational, multi‐center, postmarketing surveillance study
Authors: Youn Sang Woong , Yu Dae Young , Kim Byung Soo , Kim Youngdoe , Kim Kwang Joong , Choi Jee‐Ho , Son Sang Wook , Lee Eun‐So , Ro Young Suck , Park Young Lip , Lee YoungJa , Lee Jeung Hoon , Park Hyun Jeong , Kim Tae Yoon , Lee Min‐Geol , Shin Min Kyung , Choi Gwang Seong , Kim Dong Hyun , Jo Seong Jin , Lee Seung Chul ,   the Stelara PMS investigators
Published: February 2021

AbstractPostmarketing surveillance is conducted to establish drug safety and effectiveness under real‐world practice. We aimed to validate the effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab in the treatment of adult Korean patients with plaque psoriasis under real‐world practice. This was a prospective, observational, and multi‐center study. Subjects aged 18 years or older who were treated with ustekinumab for plaque psoriasis were enrolled. We enrolled 977 patients; 654 (66.9%) were men, with mean body surface area (BSA, ± standard deviation) of 27.0 ± 18.3% and mean psoriasis area severity index (PASI) score of 18.1 ± 9.7. The effectiveness analysis was performed in 581 patients who had at least one follow‐up assessment and met treatment criteria per local label and reimbursement guidelines. Of these patients, 287 had effectiveness data for visit 6 at 53.7 ± 2.1 weeks. At visit 6, 91.6% (263/287), 51.2% (147/287), and 9.4% (27/287) patients achieved PASI 75, 90, and 100 responses, respectively. Adverse events (AEs) occurred in 112 of the 977 (11.5%) patients with an incidence rate of 21.5 per 100 patient‐years (PYs). Serious AEs occurred in eight (0.8%) patients with an incidence rate of 1.2 per 100 PYs. The estimated 1‐year drug survival rate was 87.7%. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that higher baseline PASI score and no prior biologic exposure were significant predictors for PASI 90 response at visit 6. Ustekinumab was effective and safe, and displayed a high survival rate in the treatment of adult Korean patients with plaque psoriasis in real‐world practice.
Detection of hidden reservoirs under strong shielding based on bi‐dimensional empirical mode decomposition and the Teager–Kaiser operator
Authors: Jiang Xudong , Cao Junxing , Zu Shaohuan , Xu Hanqing , Wang Jun 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we propose a method for revealing hidden reservoirs that are shielded by strong amplitudes. The bi‐dimensional empirical mode decomposition algorithm is used to decompose pre‐stack seismic data into several localized components, which generated from different discontinuities in the subsurface elastic properties. The two‐dimensional Teager–Kaiser energy operator process is applied to the first component, which includes a strong signal, to further locate the strong event. According to the located results, an energy weight matrix is established. By weighted summation of all the components, the strong event is suppressed, and the hidden reservoir becomes more prominent. Tests on a synthetic data and field data from Daniudi confirm that this method can separate strong signals from weaker responses and efficiently reveal shielded reservoirs.
Estimation of P‐wave anisotropy parameters from 3D vertical seismic profile with distributed acoustic sensors and geophones for seismic imaging in the CO2CRC Otway Project
Authors: Popik Sofya , Pevzner Roman , Bona Andrej , Tertyshnikov Konstantin , Glubokovskikh Stanislav , Gurevich Boris 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThe quality and accuracy of a seismic image can be significantly affected by anisotropy. When anisotropy is significant, neglecting it can lead to smearing of the image, dispositioning of reflections and distortion of amplitudes. Thus, it is imperative to estimate anisotropy and take it into account, especially for long‐offset or wide‐azimuthal seismic data. This study estimates P‐wave anisotropy parameters at the Otway site (Victoria, Australia). A wide range of available offsets acquired within the CO2CRC Otway Project provides a unique opportunity for anisotropy estimation from 3D vertical seismic profile data. We estimate P‐wave anisotropy from direct‐wave arrivals in vertical seismic profile data acquired with geophones and distributed acoustic sensors installed in two wells. Data analysis reveals seismic anisotropy of the subsurface with a significant presence of both polar and azimuthal anisotropy. We estimate key parameters such as normal moveout velocity, azimuthal ellipticity, polar anellipticity and fast‐velocity azimuth by nonlinear fitting of the analytical travel‐time approximation to observed direct P‐wave travel times from 3D vertical seismic profile data. Obtained anisotropy parameters show that polar anellipticity remains almost constant and equal to 0.1 for the whole depth range, while azimuthal anisotropy changes significantly with depth: it is relatively weak in the shallow section then increases significantly below a depth of 600 m. The fast‐velocity azimuth coincides with the orientation of the maximum horizontal stress in the study area. The results show that despite their low sensitivity for large offsets, the distributed acoustic sensor receivers provide sufficient information on anisotropic travel times over the entire length of the well, which is critical for reflection imaging from both vertical seismic profile and surface seismic data.
Regional identity formation in Malaysia: Primacy of the political center and its essentialized ethnic identities
Authors: Ostwald Kai , Subhan Mohamed Salihin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractContemporary Malaysia is an amalgamation of regions with distinct historical origins and features that provide the raw material for strong regional identities. The Malay‐Muslim nature of the nation‐building project led by the dominant United Malays Nasional Organisation (UMNO) has reified regional identities by sharpening the contrast between them and Malaysia’s political center. Yet while regional identities are often pronounced, Malaysian politics are highly centralized, and neither deep fragmentation along regional lines nor meaningful secessionist movements have materialized. That results from Malaysia’s institutional features and the primacy of highly essentialized, trans‐regional ethno‐religious identities. This article examines the process of regional and ethnic identity formation, which has occurred in an endogenous manner that draws from and reinforces the dominance of UMNO and its political heartland. It argues that the embrace of the ethno‐religious identities has enabled the primacy of Malay‐Muslim considerations in national political discourse and consequently crowded out particularistic regional demands.
Bottom‐Up Unionization in China: A Power Resources Analysis
Authors: Hui Elaine Sio‐ieng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDrawing on the modified power resources approach, this article examines efforts at bottom‐up unionization by rural migrant workers in China. Prior to 2010, they utilized their associational power to pursue predominantly immediate economic interests, but since 2010, they have begun to deploy associational power, and societal power at times, in attempts to form enterprise unions that could provide them with workplace institutional power. Through three revelatory in‐depth case studies, the article investigates the efforts made by workers to unionize and the strategies used by employers, the state and the upper‐level unions to suppress them. It highlights that the attainment and exercise of workers’ power do not only play out in relation to employers but are also dependent on the role of the state and its apparatus.
The influence of new immediate tissue level abutment on crestal bone stability of subcrestally placed implants: A 1‐year randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Linkevicius Tomas , Linkevicius Rokas , Gineviciute Evelina , Alkimavicius Jonas , Mazeikiene Asta , Linkeviciene Laura 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe relation between implant abutment disconnection (AD) and increased crestal bone loss is still debated.PurposeTo compare bone changes below implant‐abutment junction of subcrestally placed implants between: (1) implant level restorations, that underwent four ADs and (2) implants with immediate tissue level abutment with no AD, 1 month (T2) and 1‐year (T3) after final restoration delivery.Materials and methodsSixty‐four patients received 64 bone level implants with platform‐switching and conical connection in edentulous sites of posterior mandible and maxilla. All implants were placed 1.5 mm subcrestally and distributed among: (1) control group, that received a regular healing abutment and (2) test group with immediate tissue level (ITL) abutment, which was torqued to implants during surgery, transforming bone level implant to tissue level type. After 2–3 months of healing and a 1‐month temporization, final zirconia‐based screw‐retained crowns were delivered to both groups. Crestal bone levels were calculated after final crown delivery (T2); after 1‐year follow‐up (T3) and compared using Mann–Whitney U test (p ≤ .05).ResultsEarly bone loss of the test and control groups was 0.14 ± 0.27 mm and 0.64 ± 0.64 mm, respectively; the 0.5 mm difference was statistically significant (p = .0001). Late bone loss was 0.06 ± 0.16 mm and 0.21 ± 0.56 mm for the test and control group, respectively; the 0.15 mm difference between the groups was no more statistically significant (p = .22). Both groups displayed bone gain, 0.08 and 0.43 mm, respectively, and the overall crestal bone loss was reduced.ConclusionsImmediate tissue level abutments can significantly reduce early bone loss when measured 1 month after final prosthesis delivery, however, after 1‐year follow‐up, difference between the groups was no more statistically significant.
Specific niche requirements underpin multidecadal range edge stability, but may introduce barriers for climate change adaptation
Authors: Firth Louise B. , Harris Daniel , Blaze Julie A. , Marzloff Martin P. , Boyé Aurélien , Miller Peter I. , Curd Amelia , Vasquez Mickaël , Nunn Julia D. , O’Connor Nessa E. , Power Anne Marie , Mieszkowska Nova , O’Riordan Ruth M. , Burrows Michael T. , Bricheno Lucy M. , Knights Antony M. , Nunes Flavia L. D. , Bordeyne François , Bush Laura E. , Byers James E. , David Carmen , Davies Andrew J. , Dubois Stanislas F. , Edwards Hugh , Foggo Andy , Grant Lisa , Green J. A. Mattias , Gribben Paul E. , Lima Fernando P. , McGrath David , Noël Laure M. L. J. , Seabra Rui , Simkanin Christina , Hawkins Stephen J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate some of the environmental variables underpinning the past and present distribution of an ecosystem engineer near its poleward range edge.Location>500 locations spanning >7,400 km around Ireland.MethodsWe collated past and present distribution records on a known climate change indicator, the reef‐forming worm Sabellaria alveolata (Linnaeus, 1767) in a biogeographic boundary region over 182 years (1836–2018). This included repeat sampling of 60 locations in the cooler 1950s and again in the warmer 2000s and 2010s. Using species distribution modelling, we identified some of the environmental drivers that likely underpin S. alveolata distribution towards the leading edge of its biogeographical range in Ireland.ResultsThrough plotting 981 records of presence and absence, we revealed a discontinuous distribution with discretely bounded sub‐populations, and edges that coincide with the locations of tidal fronts. Repeat surveys of 60 locations across three time periods showed evidence of population increases, declines, local extirpation and recolonization events within the range, but no evidence of extensions beyond the previously identified distribution limits, despite decades of warming. At a regional scale, populations were relatively stable through time, but local populations in the cold Irish Sea appear highly dynamic and vulnerable to local extirpation risk. Contemporary distribution data (2013–2018) computed with modelled environmental data identified specific niche requirements which can explain the many distribution gaps, namely wave height, tidal amplitude, stratification index, then substrate type.Main conclusionsIn the face of climate warming, such specific niche requirements can create environmental barriers that may prevent species from extending beyond their leading edges. These boundaries may limit a species’ capacity to redistribute in response to global environmental change.
Role of morphology in shaping the feeding niche of fishes inhabiting Eastern Himalayan torrential rivers of West Bengal, India
Authors: Podder Anupam , Panja Soumyadip , Chaudhuri Atreyee , Roy Anwesha , Biswas Missidona , Homechaudhuri Sumit 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEcomorphology and trophic ecology are considered important features in comprehending the feeding structure of fish communities. This study assesses the ecomorphological relationships among 45 fish species inhabiting the Eastern Himalayan torrential rivers, Murti and Jaldhaka by identifying morphological and trophic associations highlighted by prey acquisition strategies and the potential phylogenetic convergence among morphological traits. Two approaches (3‐guild and 5‐guild) were employed for evaluating the prediction accuracy of morphology in classifying the guilds. While the former was based on “troph” (dietary index) values, the later focussed on diet dissimilarity matrix. In terms of phylogenetic relatedness, traits such as caudal peduncle aspect ratio and mouth protrusion showed prominent phylogenetic signal which suggested their evolutionary convergence in certain groups. Subsequent modelling suggested that while linear discriminant model showed morphological traits to have higher accuracy (91.1%) in classifying the three guilds as compared to five guilds (72.31%), redundancy model (explaining 85.26% constrained variance) revealed a morphological association with specific prey type selection. Additionally, linear models showed substantial variation (93.72%) in the dietary index being addressed by the 5‐guild classification as compared to the 3‐guild (79.72%). Results suggested that in terms of prey composition or selectivity, the 5‐guild model was more suited in representing the feeding structure while the morphological traits reflected a broader scheme of classification (3‐guild model). Hence, this provides an ecological insight into the different modes of resource utilisation by the coexisting species which are being expressed in their differentiating morphologies, with certain traits being phylogenetically conserved within specific feeding groups.
Microbial metabolic response to winter warming stabilizes soil carbon
Authors: Tian Jing , Zong Ning , Hartley Iain P. , He Nianpeng , Zhang Jinjing , Powlson David , Zhou Jizhong , Kuzyakov Yakov , Zhang Fusuo , Yu Guirui , Dungait Jennifer A. J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCurrent consensus on global climate change predicts warming trends with more pronounced temperature changes in winter than summer in the Northern Hemisphere at high latitudes. Moderate increases in soil temperature are generally related to faster rates of soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition in Northern ecosystems, but there is evidence that SOC stocks have remained remarkably stable or even increased on the Tibetan Plateau under these conditions. This intriguing observation points to altered soil microbial mediation of carbon‐cycling feedbacks in this region that might be related to seasonal warming. This study investigated the unexplained SOC stabilization observed on the Tibetan Plateau by quantifying microbial responses to experimental seasonal warming in a typical alpine meadow. Ecosystem respiration was reduced by 17%–38% under winter warming compared with year‐round warming or no warming and coincided with decreased abundances of fungi and functional genes that control labile and stable organic carbon decomposition. Compared with year‐round warming, winter warming slowed macroaggregate turnover rates by 1.6 times, increased fine intra‐aggregate particulate organic matter content by 75%, and increased carbon stabilized in microaggregates within stable macroaggregates by 56%. Larger bacterial “necromass” (amino sugars) concentrations in soil under winter warming coincided with a 12% increase in carboxyl‐C. These results indicate the enhanced physical preservation of SOC under winter warming and emphasize the role of soil microorganisms in aggregate life cycles. In summary, the divergent responses of SOC persistence in soils exposed to winter warming compared to year‐round warming are explained by the slowing of microbial decomposition but increasing physical protection of microbially derived organic compounds. Consequently, the soil microbial response to winter warming on the Tibetan Plateau may cause negative feedbacks to global climate change and should be considered in Earth system models.
No evidence for increased loss of old carbon in a temperate organic soil after 13 years of simulated climatic warming despite increased CO2 emissions
Authors: Briones Maria J. I. , Garnett Mark H. , Ineson Phil 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDetermining the temperature sensitivity of terrestrial carbon (C) stores is an urgent priority for predicting future climate feedbacks. A key aspect to solve this long‐standing research gap is to determine whether warmer temperatures will increase autotrophic activities leading to greater C storage or promote heterotrophic activities that will drive these systems to become C sources. We experimentally addressed this critical question by subjecting intact plant‐soil systems in a UK upland ecosystem to simulated climate warming under natural field conditions. We report the results of a 13‐year field‐based climate manipulation experiment combining in situ respiration measurements with radiocarbon (14C) analyses of respired CO2, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), soil and the tissue contents of the dominant soil fauna (enchytraeids). We found that warming during the growing season produced the largely expected increases in ecosystem respiration (63%) and leaching of DOC (19%) with no evidence for thermal acclimation or substrate exhaustion over the whole 13‐year experimental period. Contrary to expectations, we found no evidence to support an increased release of old soil C after more than a decade of simulated climatic change, and indeed, 14C analyses indicated that warming caused a significant shift towards mineralisation of more recent plant‐derived C inputs. Further support came from the radiocarbon analyses of the enchytraeid tissues, which showed a greater assimilation of the more recent (plant‐derived) C sources following warming. Therefore, in contrast to subarctic ecosystems, our results suggest that changes in C storage in this UK upland soil are strongly coupled to plant activities and that increasing temperatures will drive the turnover of organic material fixed only within recent years, without resulting in the loss of existing old carbon stores.
THE SLOTHFUL PROTEST: ACEDIA IN TERÉZIA MORA'S DARIUS‐KOPP TRILOGY AND IRIS HANIKA'S DAS EIGENTLICHE
Authors: Cosgrove Mary 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article examines how Terézia Mora's Darius‐Kopp trilogy (Der einzige Mann auf dem Kontinent (2009), Das Ungeheuer (2013), Auf dem Seil (2018)) and Iris Hanika's novel Das Eigentliche (2010) use the early Christian motif of acedia to critique contemporary capitalism. It argues that in these works acedia, the originally theological discourse on the ‘sin of sloth’, articulates a form of passive protest against the conditions of working life and life more generally in ‘fast’ capitalism. Protest takes the form of exhaustion, boredom, and cumulative overwhelming, all of which are attributes of acedia. The article also considers how both authors experiment with signification, arguing that in so doing they expose what Slavoj Žižek calls ‘the inertia of the Real’: in the contemporary context, everyday digital technologies which remediate information. These aesthetic innovations, which emphasise the materiality of signification in the creaturely world of modern acedia, point to the frailty of contemporary capitalism and its uncertain future.
THE POLITICS OF ‘PRIMARY REJECTION’ IN HERMAN MELVILLE'S BARTLEBY AND HITO STEYERL'S HOW NOT TO BE SEEN: RACISM, (IL)LEGIBILITY, SURVEILLANCE, AND DETERMINATE NEGATION
Authors: Ring Annie 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this article I analyse the primary rejections depicted in Herman Melville's Urtext on the withdrawal of complicity, Bartleby (1853), and Hito Steyerl's video installation How Not to be Seen (2013), which experiments with a Bartleby‐like withdrawal from surveillance through becoming illegible to machine vision. My focus is on the potential of primary rejection to reveal the disavowed content of racist violence foundational to the regimes (financial, sociotechnical) rejected in these texts. Adopting a hermeneutic of hauntology, my reading of Bartleby emphasises its publication context amid the slow struggles over the abolition of slavery in the US, to explore the connections between Bartleby's strike and the history of racist violence lingering in Melville's depiction of an oddly vacant Wall Street. Turning to Steyerl's video installation, I evaluate the techniques it proposes for becoming Bartlebys of the digital age, emphasising the complexity of Steyerl's mobilisation of mixed‐footage montage to explore the dangers of legibility and invisibility in a racist internet era. Throughout, I set these two works in dialogue with leading interpretations of Bartleby, with Adorno and Horkheimer's interpretation of Hegel's ‘determinate negation’, hauntological analyses of German and other texts, and current theories of race and surveillance to pose the question: for whom is primary rejection affordable and who, like Bartleby, will perish if they try to exit dominant schemes of legibility?
MÜSSIGGANG IST ALLER LASTER ANFANG? LITERARISCHE UND FILMISCHE TYPEN DER VERWEIGERUNG IM MILIEU DER DEUTSCHEN GEGENKULTUR DER 1960ER/70ER JAHRE
Authors: Bangert Sara 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe article focuses on specific forms, characters and types of ‘primary rejection’ or refusal that emerged in German subculture and deviant counterculture in the 1960s and 1970s, rejecting the cultural norms of mainstream society. Beginning with socially distinctive figures such as the layabout and the commune‐dweller, the article examines their alliance with and affiliation to literary traditions and theoretical concepts of ‘non‐working’, leisure and idleness. These alliances are explored further by means of a typological approach that takes examples of layabouts, idlers and shirkers from literature and film to sketch out a panorama of various conceptualisations of refusal and ‘non‐working’.Der Artikel fokussiert auf spezifische Formen, Charaktere und Typen ‘primärer Ablehnung’ oder Verweigerung im Milieu der deutschen Subkultur und Gegenkultur der 1960er und 70er Jahre, die die kulturellen Normen der Mehrheitsgesellschaft ablehnen. Ausgehend von den Sozialfiguren des Gammlers und des Kommunarden zeigt er deren Allianzen und Affiliationen mit literarischen Traditionen und theoretischen Konzepten der Nichtarbeit, der Muße und des Müßiggangs auf. Diese Allianzen werden mittels eines typologischen Ansatzes weiter verfolgt, der an literarischen und filmischen Beispielen davon abzugrenzender Typen von Gammlern, Müßiggängern und Nichtstuern ein Panorama unterschiedlicher Konzeptualisierungen von Verweigerung und Nichtarbeit andeutet.