bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bio-Clinical Parameters with a Predictive Role in Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: (Ionescu) Anita Mitu , Așchie Mariana , Deacu Mariana , Mazilu Laura , Baltatescu Gabriela Izabela , Nicolau Anca-Antoanela , Enciu Manuela , Matei Elena , Mitroi Anca Florentina , Ionescu Radu Mihai , Cozaru Georgeta Camelia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Advanced forms of prostate cancer include a heterogeneous group of patients with an uneven prognosis. The lack of consensus on a precise definition of this group of patients prevents clinical decision-making and adequate patient counseling. Methods:In this retrospective study, we investigated a series of preoperative bio-clinical parameters (age, patient comorbidities, tumor clinical stage, serum PSA, preoperative Gleason score, the neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio value and hormonal profile of patients), in relation to some postoperative parameters (histopathological type of tumor, tumor pathological stage, postoperative Gleason score, extra-prostatic extension, positive margins, seminal vesicle invasion, perineural invasion, positive lymphadenopathy), in a group of 96 patients with radical prostatectomy (RP) between 2016 and 2020, for a better understanding of the behavior of the disease and adequate counseling of patients proposed for RP.Results: Of all the clinical and biological parameters analyzed, only the clinical T stage ≥ cT3a was statistically associated with an unfavorable pathological prognosis (p = 0.03). In the multivariate logistic regression model, the presence of a clinical tumor stage at clinical examination ≥ cT3a was associated with a 4.73-fold increase in the risk of unfavorable pathological prognosis. Moreover, the presence of a clinical T stage ≥ cT3a identifies with a sensitivity of 68.74% and a specificity of 65.71% patients with an unfavorable pathological prognosis. At the same time, the neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio (NLR) value was statistically significantly correlated only with the presence of secondary lymph node determinations (p = 0.006), and the serum level of dehydroepiandrostenedione was statistically significantly correlated with the presence of extra-prostatic extension (p = 0.05).Conclusions: The results obtained can have a significant impact in improving the knowledge of the pathogenesis of advanced forms of prostate cancer and in making clinical decisions, with immediate positive clinical effect (survival, quality of life) and socio-economic.
Clinicopathological and Molecular Genomic Features of Monomorphic Epitheliotropic Intestinal T-Cell Lymphoma in The Chinese Population: A Study of 20 Cases
Authors: Chen Chunni , Gong Yuxi , Yang Yefan , Xia Qiuyuan , Rao Qiu , Shao Yang , Zhu Liuqing , Zhang Junli , Li Xiao , Ji Pan , Zhai Boya , Zhang Xiang , Zhang Zhihong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Monomorphic epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma (MEITL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a high fatality rate. This study was aimed to explore the clinicopathological and molecular genetic features of MEITL in the Chinese population.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed based on the clinical manifestations and pathological features of 20 Chinese MEITL. 9 cases with paired diseased-normal tissues were also analyzed for molecular information by whole-genome sequencing.
Results
There were 14 men and 6 women with a median age of 62.5 (28–81) years. 17(17/20) lesions were located in the jejunum or ileum; 13(13/20) cases had ulcers or perforations. Microscopically, except for 1(1/20) case of pleomorphic cells, the monomorphic, middle-sized tumor cells infiltrating into the intestinal epithelial and peripheral intestinal mucosa recess could be seen in the other 19 cases. Immunohistochemistry showed that most of the tumor cells in MEITL were positive for CD3(20/20), CD8(17/20), CD43(19/20), and CD56(15/20), but negative for CD5(20/20). The most frequently mutated genes of these Chinese cases were STAT5B (4/9) and TP53 (4/9), not SETD2(2/9). ZDBF2 mutations (4/9) were also detected for the first time with a high mutated frequency. We demonstrated that mutations of JAK-STAT pathway-related genes and the amplification of Chromosome 9q appeared at the same time in most cases(5/9).
Conclusions
The clinicopathological features were consistent with that in previous western studies, but a novel mutated gene, ZDBF2, was found in this study. A combination of gene mutations involved in the JAK-STAT pathway and the amplification of Chr9q may be used as one of the molecular features of MEITL diagnosis, especially when morphological and immunohistochemical evidence is insufficient.
Diurnal and Seasonal Variation of Planetary Boundary Layer Height over East Asia and Its Climatic Change as Seen in the ERA-5 Reanalysis Data
Authors: Kim Kwang-Yul 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The diurnal/seasonal structure of the boundary layer height (BLH) is investigated over East Asia by using the hourly synoptic monthly ERA5 reanalysis variables from 1979–2019. Sensible heat flux (SHF) is the major factor in the temporal and spatial variation of the BLH. Although BLH, in general, is positively correlated with SHF throughout the year, BLH-SHF relationship varies significantly based on the surface type, latitude and time of the year. Analysis also reveals that stability is an important parameter controlling the diurnal maximum BLH. The growth of BLH is strongly limited by the presence of a stable layer. On the other hand, BLH increases abruptly in the presence of a weakly stratified residual layer. In addition, regional warming tends to increase the BLH in the mid- to high-latitude continental area. In the low-latitude continental area, the sign of SHF differs seasonally and regionally. Stability plays only a minor role in the BLH change except over the Tibetan Plateau, where the increased stability at the top of boundary layer due to warming reduces BLH rather significantly.
Evaluating The Effectiveness of Gastroenterology e-Module for Undergraduate Medical Students, A Pilot Study From Syria
Authors: Almasri Bashar , Dashash Mayssoon 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundE-learning is an aspect of the practical application of pedagogy. Most students find it an entertaining and effective learning method. Also, case-based learning is related to pedagogy and is an interactive and enjoyable experiment for students. In Syrian medical schools, Gastroenterology teaching is depending on traditional teacher-centered style, passively affecting learning outcomes and imposing the search for other up-to-date alternatives. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a case-based, E-Module of gastroenterology in fulfilling desired outcomes, and to evaluate students' satisfaction with the e-learning experiment, their self-confidence improvement, and their perception of the experiment's obstacles. Methods13 undergraduate medical students were enrolled. A pretest was conducted, then they participated in 6 synchronous online lectures, and 6 asynchronous lectures which were subjects to the discussion. Students then took a posttest and answered a questionnaire composed of 15 questions measuring their satisfaction with the experiment, self-confidence improvement, and obstacles they faced. ResultsThe mean students' degrees in the pretest was 41.5%, while it was 66.8% in the posttest with a statistically significant difference. There was no statistical difference in posttest between students' answers regarding synchronous lectures compared with asynchronous ones. The best results were related to students' perception of self-confidence improvement after the e-learning experiment.ConclusionsE-learning plays an important role regarding students' level of knowledge improvement. Most of the participants show satisfaction with their knowledge and self-confidence improvement after the E-learning experiment.
How Routinely Assessed Biomarkers Can Be Utilized To Identify Individuals With A High Disease Burden: A Bioinformatics Approach Towards Predictive, Preventive And Personalised (3P) Medicine
Authors: Bertele Nina , Karabatsiakis Alexander , Buss Claudia , Talmon Anat 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Prevalences of non-communicable diseases such as depression and a range of somatic diseases are continuously increasing requiring simple and inexpensive ways to identify high-risk individuals to target with predictive and preventive approaches. Using k-mean cluster analytics, in study 1, we identified biochemical clusters (based on C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, fibrinogen, cortisol, and creatinine) and examined their link to diseases. Analyses were conducted in a U.S. American sample (from Midlife in the United States study, N = 1,234) and validated in a Japanese sample (from Midlife in Japan study, N = 378). In study 2, we investigated the link of clusters to childhood maltreatment (CM). The three identified biochemical clusters included one cluster (with high inflammatory signaling and low cortisol and creatinine concentrations) indicating the highest disease burden. This high-risk cluster also reported the highest CM exposure. The current study demonstrates how biomarkers can be utilized to identify individuals with a high disease burden and thus, may help to target these high-risk individuals with tailored prevention/intervention, towards personalized medicine. Furthermore, our findings raise the question whether the found biochemical clusters have predictive character; as a tool to identify high-risk individuals enabling targeted prevention. The finding that CM was mostly prevalent in the high-risk cluster provides first hints that the clusters could indeed have predictive character and highlight CM as a central disease susceptibility factor and possibly as a leverage point for disease prevention/intervention.
An Innovative Prosopis Cineraria Pod Aqueous Waste as Natural Inhibitor for Enhancing Unsaturated Lipids Production in Yeast Cell Using Banana Peel
Authors: Chaturvedi Shivani , Kumar Prashant , Kumar Deepak , Syed Naziya , Gupta Madhuri , Chanotiya Chandan Singh , Rout Prasant Kumar , Khare Sunil Kumar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Single cell oil (SCO) produced by yeast is an attractive alternative due to higher lipid yield in a limited space with naturally manipulating the quality. In the present study, the banana peel is used as a source of carbon for biotransformation by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa to lipid. Further, the quality and quantity of the lipid are enhanced using discarded aqueous Prosopis cinerareia pod extract as a natural inhibitor. P. cineraria aqueous extract was quantified using HPLC, and it was contained phenyl propenoids such as epicatechin (0.068%), gallic acid (0.29%), quercetin (0.34%), epigallocatechin (0.091%), rutin (0.141%), ellagic acid (0.141%), along with glucose (1.22%), and sucrose (2.36%). The sucrose and glucose were isolated from the aqueous extract, and further characterized through NMR and TGA. Hence, this natural inhibitor is found advantageous as compared to the chemical inhibitor (statin) in terms of lipid production with desirable quality. It is achieved by inhibitors blocking the yeast competitive mevalonate pathway to promote higher lipid accumulation in the microbial cells. The anti-chlostrolemic activity of this natural inhibitor might be influenced lipid accumulation by blocking the mevalonate pathway. Thus, the reducing sugars as well as phenylpropenoids were worked in synergy to enhance accumulation of unsaturated lipid in the microbial cells. Phenylpropenoids may inhibit the key enzyme HMG reductase, which controls the mevalonate pathway for ergosterol formation to induce lipid accumulation. This lipid isolation from yeast cell was improved using green solvent viz. liquid-CO2. This lquid-CO2extract was enriched with unsaturated lipid (46.96%) including w-fatty acids such as linoleic (17.61%) and linolenic (5.35%). Thus, the SCO is produced using food waste as the source of carbon as well as an inhibitor, and this lipid is treated as natural to find suitable for nutritional purposes.
Metabolomics Based Mechanism Exploration of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension pathogenesis: Novel Lessons from Explanted Lungs
Authors: Ding Jingjing , Chu Chunyan , Mao Zhengsheng , Yang Jiawen , Wang Jie , Hu Li , Chen Peng , Cao Yue , Li Yan , Wan Hua , Wei Dong , Chen Jingyu , Chen Feng , Yu Youjia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Metabolic pathways have been shown to participate in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We investigated the metabolic profile shifts to reveal molecular mechanisms underlying PAH. Methods: Explanted human lung tissues from 18 PAH patients were collected. The lung tissues far from the tumor from 16 lung cancer patients were taken as controls. Lung tissues were analyzed by LC-MS/MS based non-target metabolomics method. Pathway analysis was performed with KEGG database and MetaboAnalyst 5.0. Statistical analysis including partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), Student’s t-test, Pearson’s correlation, Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact probability test were used. COX survival analysis model was applied to evaluate the predictive value of metabolites on prognosis. Protein expression levels were detected by Western blotting in human PAH lung tissues, rat monocrotaline-PAH lungs and hypoxia exposed human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) to study the molecular mechanisms.Results: Significant differences in metabolites and metabolic pathways were identified among PAH subgroups and control tissues. Spermine levels were positively correlated with the patients' cardiac outputs (COs). Levels of (2e)-2,5-dichloro-4-oxo-2-hexenedioic acid were positively correlated with the patient's serum creatinine (Scr) levels. Patients with higher levels of thymine had a better prognosis. Moreover, 7 differential metabolites were associated with AKT pathway. AKT pathway inactivation was confirmed in human and rat PAH lungs and hypoxia exposed HPASMCs.Conclusions: Our findings provide the first metabolomics evidence for PAH pathogenesis by human lungs and may contribute to the improvement of therapeutic strategy.
Evaluating the Impact of Urine Drug Screen Frequency on Retention in Opioid Agonist Treatment in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Morin Kristen A , Dabous John R , Vojtesek Frank , Marsh David C 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate how UDS frequency impacts treatment retention in OAT. MethodsData for this retrospective cohort study of 55,921 adults with OUD in Ontario, Canada, were derived from administrative data sources between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2015. All patient information was linked anonymously across databases using encrypted ten-digit health card numbers. Descriptive statistics were calculated for comparing urine drug screening frequency groups (less than monthly, monthly, bi-weekly and, weekly) using standardized differences (d) where d less than 10% indicated a statistically significant difference. A logistic regression model was then used to calculate odds ratios for the association between UDS frequency and one-year treatment retention adjusting for baseline covariates, including sex, age, location of residence, income quintile, mental disorders, HIV status and deep tissue infections. ResultsOver 70 percent of the cohort had four or more UDS per month (weekly or more UDS). Significant associations were observed between UDS frequency and one-year treatment retention in OAT bi-weekly (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 3.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.75-3.75); weekly UDS (aOR = 6.86, 95% CI, 5.88-8.00) and; more than weekly (aOR = 8.03, 95% CI, 6.87-9.38) using the monthly or less groups as the reference.ConclusionThis study identified a significant association between weekly UDS and one-year treatment retention in OAT. Therefore, these findings put into question the recent changes in OAT guidelines recommending UDS only be conducted monthly. More research is needed to strengthen the evidence base for UDS frequency in OAT.
Sparse Representation Based Inverse Halftoning with Boosted Dictionary1
Authors: Yang Jun , Liu Zihao , Chen Li , Wu Ying , Cui Chen , Ke Gang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Halftoning image is widely used in printing and scanning equipment, which is of great significance for the preservation and processing of these images. However, because of the different resolution of the display devices, the processing and display of halftone image are confronted with great challenges, such as Moore pattern and image blurring. Therefore, the inverse halftone technique is required to remove the halftoning screen. In this paper, we propose a sparse representation based inverse halftone algorithm via learning the clean dictionary, which is realized by two steps: deconvolution and sparse optimization in the transform domain to remove the noise. The main contributions of this paper include three aspects: first, we analysis the denoising effects for different training sets and the redundancy of dictionary; Then we propose the improved a sparse representation based denoising algorithm through adaptively learning the dictionary, which iteratively remove the noise of the training set and upgrade the quality of the dictionary; Then the error diffusion halftone image inverse halftoning algorithm is proposed. Finally, we verify that the noise level in the error diffusion linear model is fixed, and the noise level is only related to the diffusion operator. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has better PSNR and visual performance than state-of-the-art methods.
Paludiculture Crops And Nitrogen Kick-Start Ecosystem Service Provisioning In Rewetted Peat Soils
Authors: Vroom Renske , Geurts Jeroen , Nouta Reinder , Borst Annieke , Lamers Leon , Fritz Christian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
PurposePaludiculture (crop cultivation in wet peatlands) can prevent carbon and nutrient losses while enabling biomass production. As vegetation in rewetted peatlands is often nitrogen (N) limited, input of N rich water may promote biomass production and nutrient removal. However, it is unclear how N loading and soil characteristics affect biomass yield, nutrient dynamics, and ecosystem service provisioning in paludicultures. MethodsWe studied the influence of N loading (0, 50, 150, and 450 kg N ha-1 yr-1) on biomass production and nutrient sequestration of Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail) and Phragmites australis (common reed) on a limed agricultural peat soil after rewetting. To assess the interaction with soil characteristics T. latifolia was also grown on a non-limed former agricultural soil.ResultsN loading stimulated biomass production and nutrient uptake of both T. latifolia and P. australis, with T. latifolia showing the most pronounced response. Biomass yield of T. latifolia was higher in the limed soil than in the non-limed soil due to a higher pH, despite lower nutrient availability. N was largely taken up by the vegetation, whereas bare soils showed N accumulation in pore and surface water, and 80% loss through denitrification. Phosphorus in the soil was efficiently taken up by T. latifolia, especially at high N loads.ConclusionN loading in paludicultures with T. latifolia and P. australis boosts biomass production while kick-starting peatland ecosystem services including nutrient removal. Nutrient availability and pH appear to be decisive soil characteristics when it comes to crop selection.
Somatic point mutations are enriched in long non-coding RNAs with possible regulatory function in breast cancer
Authors: Rezaie Narges , Bayati Masroor , Tahaei Maedeh Sadat , Hamidi Mehrab , Khorasani Sadegh , Lovell Nigel , Breen James , Rabiee Hamid , Rokny Hamid Alinejad 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) form a large portion of the mammalian genome however, their biological functions are poorly characterized in cancers. In this study, using a newly developed tool, SomaGene, we analyze de novo somatic point mutations from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) whole-genome sequencing data of 1,855 breast cancers. We identify 929 candidates of ncRNAs that are significantly and explicitly mutated in breast cancer samples. By integrating data from the ENCODE regulatory features and FANTOM5 expression atlas, we show that the candidate ncRNAs in breast cancer samples significantly enrich for active chromatin histone marks (1.9 times), CTCF binding sites (2.45 times), DNase accessibility (1.76 times), HMM predicted enhancers (2.26 times) and eQTL polymorphisms (1.77 times). Importantly, we show that the 929 ncRNAs contain a much higher level (3.64 times) of breast cancer-associated genome-wide association (GWAS) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) than genome-wide expectation. Such enrichment has not been seen with GWAS SNPs from other diseases. Using breast tissue related Hi-C data we then show that 82% of our candidate ncRNAs (1.9 times) significantly interact with the promoter of protein-coding genes, including previously known cancer-associated genes, suggesting the critical role for candidate ncRNA genes in activation of essential regulators of development and differentiation in breast cancer. We provide an extensive web-based resource (https://www.ihealthe.unsw.edu.au/research), to communicate our results with the research community. Our list of breast cancer-specific ncRNA genes has the potential to provide a better understanding of the underlying genetic causes of breast cancer. Lastly, the tool developed in this study can be used in the analysis of somatic mutations in all cancers.
Observation of the Ponderomotive Effect in Non-Valence Bound States of Polyatomic Molecular Anions
Authors: Kang Do Hyung , Kim Jinwoo , Noh Heung-Ryoul , kim Sang Kyu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The ponderomotive effect in the non-valence bound states has been experimentally demonstrated for the first time, giving the great promise for the manipulation of the polyatomic molecules by the dynamic Stark effect. Entire quantum levels of the dipole-bound state (DBS) and quadruple-bound state (QBS) of the phenoxide (or 4-bromophenoxide) and 4-cyanophenoxide anions, respectively, show the clear-cut ponderomotive blue-shifts in the presence of the spatiotemporally overlapped non-resonant picosecond control laser pulse. The quasi-free electron in the QBS is found to be more vulnerable to the external oscillating electromagnetic field compared to that in the DBS, suggesting that the non-valence orbital of the former is more diffusive and thus more polarizable compared to that of the latter.