bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Octreotide inhibits secretion of IGF-1 from orbital fibroblasts in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy via inhibition of the NF-κB pathway
Authors: Kim Sung Eun , Kim Jia , Lee Ji-Young , Lee Seong-Beom , Paik Ji-Sun , Yang Suk-Woo 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
We investigated the effect of octreotide, a long-acting somatostatin (SST) analogue, on IGF-1 secretion and its possible mechanism of action in orbital fibroblasts (OFs) from patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO).

Materials and methods
OFs were isolated from the orbital fat of patients with TAO or healthy individuals. The expression level of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, at the protein and mRNA level, was determined with ELISA and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. The expression pattern of somatostatin receptor (SSTR) 2, which has the highest affinity for octreotide, was examined by flow cytometry. The activity of NF-κB pathway was determined by examining the levels of phosphorylation of IKKα/β and p65, and degradation of IκB via western blot analysis, and by measuring the activity of NF-kB-dependent luciferase via transfection with plasmids containing luciferase and NF-κB binding site.

Results
OFs from patients with TAO showed significantly higher levels of IGF-1 secretion and NF-κB activity even in the absence of stimulation, compared to those from controls. Treatment with octreotide reduced the level of IGF-1 secretion in OFs from patients with TAO, but not in OFs from controls. OFs from patients with TAO expressed higher levels of SSTR2 on the cell surface, compared to controls. In addition, the expression of IGF-1 at the protein and mRNA level was dependent on the activity of NF-κB pathway in OFs from patients with TAO. Furthermore, treatment with octreotide reduced on the activity of NF-κB pathway in OFs from patients with TAO.

Conclusion
OFs from patients with TAO showed significantly higher levels of IGF-1 secretion via up-regulation of NF-κB activity. Treatment with octreotide inhibited the secretion of IGF-1 by reducing the NF-κB pathway in OFs, which expressed higher levels of SSRT2 on the cell surface, from patients with TAO.
Impact of Friendship Bench problem-solving therapy on adherence to ART in young people living with HIV in Zimbabwe: A qualitative study
Authors: Ouansafi Ilhame , Chibanda Dixon , Munetsi Epiphania , Simms Victoria 
Published: April 2021

Background
Adolescents and young people globally are highly vulnerable to poor mental health especially depression, and they account for 36% of new HIV infections in Eastern and Southern Africa. HIV services remain inadequate for this population and their adherence to ART is low. The Friendship Bench (FB), an evidence-based model developed in Zimbabwe to bridge the mental health gap, is a brief psychological intervention delivered on benches in primary care facilities by lay health workers (“grandmothers”) trained in problem-solving therapy. This study explored the experience of young people living with HIV attending FB, and their perception of how problem-solving therapy impacted their adherence to ART.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted in July 2019 with 10 young people living with HIV aged 18–24 years, who had recently completed FB counselling in Harare. Participants were purposively sampled and recruited from three primary care facilities. Interviews were conducted in Shona, audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and translated into English. Transcripts were analysed in NVivo12 using inductive thematic analysis.

Results
Study findings revealed a clear emotional denial towards HIV, particularly for young people infected perinatally, and a resulting low adherence to ART. The study also unpacked the issues of internal stigma and how young people living with perinatally acquired HIV are informed of their HIV status. Participants reported that FB had a critical role in helping them accept their HIV status. Grandmothers’ empathic attitude was key during counselling on adherence to ART, to demystify the disease and treatment, normalize the reality of living with HIV, encourage young people to socialize with peers and free them of guilt. Interviewees unanimously reported improved ART adherence following FB counselling, and many described enhanced health and wellbeing.

Conclusion
Participants saw FB as a strong contributor to their general well-being, evident in decreased symptoms of depression and improved adherence to ART. FB problem-solving therapy should be rolled out to further support young people after post-test counselling or HIV serostatus disclosure for perinatally acquired HIV, for acceptance of HIV status and adherence to ART.
Over half of clinical practice guidelines use non-systematic methods to inform recommendations: A methods study
Authors: Lunny Carole , Ramasubbu Cynthia , Puil Lorri , Liu Tracy , Gerrish Savannah , Salzwedel Douglas M. , Mintzes Barbara , Wright James M. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction
Assessing the process used to synthesize the evidence in clinical practice guidelines enables users to determine the trustworthiness of the recommendations. Clinicians are increasingly dependent on guidelines to keep up with vast quantities of medical literature, and guidelines are followed to avoid malpractice suits. We aimed to assess whether systematic methods were used when synthesizing the evidence for guidelines; and to determine the type of review cited in support of recommendations.

Methods
Guidelines published in 2017 and 2018 were retrieved from the TRIP and Epistemonikos databases. We randomly sorted and sequentially screened clinical guidelines on all topics to select the first 50 that met our inclusion criteria. Our primary outcomes were the number of guidelines using either a systematic or non-systematic process to gather, assess, and synthesise evidence; and the numbers of recommendations within guidelines based on different types of evidence synthesis (systematic or non-systematic reviews). If a review was cited, we looked for evidence that it was critically appraised, and recorded which quality assessment tool was used. Finally, we examined the relation between the use of the GRADE approach, systematic review process, and type of funder.

Results
Of the 50 guidelines, 17 (34%) systematically synthesised the evidence to inform recommendations. These 17 guidelines clearly reported their objectives and eligibility criteria, conducted comprehensive search strategies, and assessed the quality of the studies. Of the 29/50 guidelines that included reviews, 6 (21%) assessed the risk of bias of the review. The quality of primary studies was reported in 30/50 (60%) guidelines.

Conclusions
High quality, systematic review products provide the best available evidence to inform guideline recommendations. Using non-systematic methods compromises the validity and reliability of the evidence used to inform guideline recommendations, leading to potentially misleading and untrustworthy results.
Effect of Leaves Infuse (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) Intake on Reproductive Organs Morphometry of Female Rats (Rattus Sp.) After Parturition
Authors: Rifqiyati Najda , Sholihah Jumailatus , Soimah Laelatul 
Published: April 2021

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) traditionally used by people as antifertility agent for female. Fennel leaves (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) contain phytoestrogen that has role as antiestrogen or synthesized become antiestrogen. Coumarin is the kind phytoestrogen that can be antiestrogen to female reproductive organs such as ovary and utery. The aim of this research is to find out the influence of fennel leaves infuse (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) on morphometric of ovary and utery in female rats (Rattus sp.) administered after parturition, to find out the effective dose affecting the morphometric of ovary and utery and to find out the total coumarin consisted in fennel leaves (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). This research was carried out by using CRD (Completely Randomized Design) consisted of 2 groups, those are control group (aquades) and treatment groups (doses of fennel leaves infuse 20 g/300 ml, 40 g/300 ml and 60 g/300 ml). The treatment was administered in the morning and afternoon for 15 days. After 15 days of treatment, the rats were sacrificed and dissected to measure the morphometry of reproductive organs (ovary and utery). The data obtained was analyzed by Analysis of Varian (ANOVA) and continued by LSD (Least Significance Different) test with significance of 5%. The measurement of coumarin level was performed by TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) densitometry method. The result of this research showed that the administration of infused fennel leaves (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) at dose of 20 g/300 ml, 40 g/300 ml and 60 g/300 ml significantly decreased ovarian weigh in female rats (Rattus sp.) after parturition (p<0,05), but not decreased the length, width, thick of ovary, length and diameter of utery (p>0,05). No difference was observed between doses 20 g/300 ml, 40 g/300 ml and 60 g/300 ml, and it showed that the dose 20 g/300 ml of fennel leaves infuse was able to be used to decrease the weigth of ovary. Coumarin level observed in leaves is 0,09%, and it is higher than the coumarin content in fruit/seed.
Design of Acceleration’s Monitoring System by Computer with Bluetooth Communication to Determine Intensity
Authors: Khoirunnisa Ijabatul , Rakhmadi Frida Agung , Wibowo Nugroho Budi 
Published: April 2021

Indonesia lies on the junction of three large plates, resulting in frequent occurrence of earthquakes. This research is trying to design a building acceleration monitoring system which the purpose of this research was to create and characterize the acquisition system, to create and test the building acceleration monitoring system by computer with bluetooth communication. This research was conducted in five phases: making the data acquisition system, characterizing of data acquisition system, making monitoring system, data sampling of monitoring system, and data analyzing of monitoring system. The result of this research showed that transfer function and correlation coefficient of data acquisition on each axis was: yx=16,722α0x+0 rx=1 ; yy=16,722α0y+0 ry=1 ; and yz=16,722α0z+0 rz=1. Sensitivity of the acquisition system on each axis was 16,722 bit/gal. Acceleration data of monitoring system has range -0,17944 gal to 0,119628 gal which intensity 0 MMI. Accuracy of earthquake’s monitoring system on x axis was 97,204%, y axis was 97,374%, and z axis was 97,210%.
The Effects of Auditory, Intellectually, and Repetition (AIR) Learning Model to Problem Solving Skills of the Students Grade XI IPA of SMAN 2 Banguntapan on the Subject of Kinetic Theory of Gases
Authors: Khoeriyah Nilatul , Widayanti Widayanti 
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this research is to know the effects of Auditory, Intellectually, and Repetition (AIR) learning model on student’s problem solving skills and to knows the problem solving skills enhancement students who take the learning use Auditroy, Intellectually, and Repetition (AIR). This research is a quasi-experimental reasearch (quasi experiment) with pretest-posttest control group design. The independent variable in this research is Auditory, Intellectually, and Repetition (AIR) learning model and the dependent variable is student problem solving skills. The population in this research are class XI IPA SMA N 2 Banguntapan. The sampling technique is simple random sampling as experiment class is XI IPA 2 and as control class is XI IPA 3. The research instrument used a pretest-posttest question sheet. Data analysis technique used statistical parametric of T test and normalized gain (N-Gain) test. The result showed that (1) Auditory, Intellectually, and Repetition (AIR) learning model influence on problem solving skills of students on the subject of theory kinetic gas (level of significance (sig. 2-tailed) = 0,000 < α = 0,05, therefore H0 is rejected and Ha is received), (2) Auditory, Intellectually, and Repetition (AIR) model learning can improve students’ problem solving skills on the subject of theory kinetic gas (N-Gain experimental class = 0,886 (high) > N-gain control class = 0,662 (medium).
Comparative Anatomy of Axial Skeleton of Red-eared Turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans, Wied 1838) and Softshell Turtle (Amyda cartilaginea, Boddaert 1770)
Authors: Mustafa Hanif , Luthfi Muhammad Ja’far , Ilmi Fadhilatul , Khoirunnisa Ida , Takrima Takrima 
Published: April 2021

Red-eared turtle and softshell turtles belong Cryptodira Suborder which has a different characteristic in neck length and head movement. The aim of this study was to determine of the axial skeleton anatomical structure including vertebrae, carapace and plastron of the red-eared turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans Wied, 1838) and softshell turtles (Amyda cartilaginea Boddaert, 1770) females. This research was carried out for five months starting from September 2013 to January 2014. The methods used in this study were th e X-Ray method, boiled bone and Alizarin Red S-Alcian blue staining. The result of research was analyzed descriptively comparatively by direct observation using a digital camera. Based on the results of the study the Red-eared turtle tortoise has a number of 7 cervical vertebrae, 9th vertebrae, sacral vertebrae 1 segment and vertebrae caudalis 27 segments. The anterior and posterior zygapophysis of the cervix elongate thus affecting the limited lateral movement. The thoracic center of the vertebrae adjusts the shape of the carapace. The sacralis vertebrae have 1 centrum segment extending on the lateral side attached to the carapace called the lateral pars, the caudal centrum is short and there is a shortened anterior zygapophysis structure. Whereas softshell turtles have slender and long centrums. The anterior and posterior zygapophysis are smaller and allow the softshell turtles to perform more lateral movements. Centrum vertebrae of the thorachalis have a flat shape adjusting the shape of the carapace. Sacralis vertebrae have 2 centrum and 2 lateral pars extending and meeting each other to form a hole sacralia pelvina, centrum vertebrae caudalis extends and there is a neural spinal structure. Carapace of the red-eared turtle consists of fused pieces. Whereas the carapace in the softshell turtles consists of pieces covered by cartilage. The constituent component of carapace and plastron of the red-eared turtle consists of true bones completely, while the constituent components of the carapace and plastron of softshell turtles consist of true bones and cartilage on the sides and connective between the carapace and plastron.
The Study of Modified Semi-Empirical Mass Formula (SEMF) by Considering Isospin Effects in Liquid Drop Model
Authors: Sakinah Sinta Ayu , Sulistyani Eko Tri 
Published: April 2021

We do theoretically study of Modified Semi-Empirical Mass Formula (SEMF) based on macroscopic approach in liquid drop model by considering isospin effects. Isospin is one of internal symmetry properties in hadron group, particularly the nucleon multiplet, it represented by SU(2) isospin group. Hadron is a group of elementary particles take place in the strong interaction. The role of strong interactions represents homogeneous nuclear force, interactions between proton-proton (Fpp) , proton-neutron (Fpn), and neutron-neutron (Fnn) are same. In other words, protons and neutrons are indistinguishable because mass (energy) between protons and neutrons is almost the same, by removing charge between them (charge independent). The dependence of isospin effects on nuclear symmetry term and odd-even (pairing) term made the formulation of SEMF should be modificated, in order to obtain nuclear mass and binding energy of a nucleus close to the experimental results. We do two accuracy testing. First, by comparing |Mexp - Mth| for nuclei Pb82208 using SEMF before and after being modified, the result shows that using SEMF before modification the value of |Mexp - Mth|≈ 0,0204 u and for modified SEMF we obtained |Mexp - Mth|≈ 0,0203 u at k=12 . The value of |Mexp - Mth| for modified SEMF is smaller than before modification, it indicates that Modified SEMF is a good formula to calculate the mass of nuclei. Second, by comparing Modified SEMF with other models such as FRDM, HFB-14, and HFB-17 using accuracy parameter in the form of rms deviation and number of model parameters ). The results show that rms deviation decrease 21% to 0,516 and number of model parameters ) decrease to 15, consists of 13 macroscopic model parameters and two microscopic model parameters and �). The value of model parameters was obtained by fitting to experimental results, as a reason it is called semi-empiric.
Effect of Solution pH to Indigosol Blue Adsorption on Humic Acid Isolated from Kalimantan Peat Oil
Authors: Santi Gita Citra , Rahmayanti Maya 
Published: April 2021

There has been study on the isolated of humic acid and its interaction with indigosol blue. The objectives of study were to isolate humic acid from Kalimantan peat soil and to study pH optimation indigosol blue on humic acid. Isolated of humic acid using alkali extraction method with NaOH as solvent and precipitated with HCl. Humic acid was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy to determine functional group. Based on the result FTIR characterization, adsorption of humic acid was found in the wave number 3140,15 cm-1 which show the vibration of -OH, 2924,09 cm-1 show vibration of aliphatic -CH, 1705 cm-1 show vibration -C = O of COOH, 1627,92 cm-1 show vibration of C=C aromatic and 1226,73 cm-1 indicate of -OH and CO from -COOH. Based on the result of study, pH optimation of indigosol blue at pH 5.
Performance Test of the Waste Water Ammonia Converter Device (AnCerD) for the Ammonia Removal in Shrimp Farm Industry
Authors: Karmanto Karmanto 
Published: April 2021

In Indonesia, shrimp farm is one type of fishery industry that faces problems in relation to ammonia in its water cycle management, especially for PT Indokor Bangun Desa (PT IBD). The electrolysis way is one of the most potential methods for the shrimp farm’s ammonia wastewater removal because it is a simple technology with the low-cost technical operation and no hazardous emission produced. The objective of this preliminary research was to design an ammonia converter device (AnCerD) that equipped by simple ammonia monitoring tools and tested its performance at laboratory scale. The performance testing had been done include: testing of analyzer compartment for ammonia rapid analysis and testing of converter compartment for ammonia conversion capability. Testing of the AnCerD instrument shown good performance, where no significant different result between analyzer compartment measurement and spectroscopic method of SNI 06-6989.30-2005 (P>0.05). Good performance was also shown by converter compartment testing result where the ammonia conversion efficiency achieved more than 95.64% after 16 minutes.
Jelena Osnobkina (1959–2010)
Authors: Motroschilowa Nelly 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This archival feature serves to present the personality and philosophy of Elena Oznobkina (1959–2010), a key figure of late-Soviet and, later, Russian philosophy. Oznobkina pioneered the present-day reception of Martin Heidegger and Edmund Husserl in Russia, but also made substantial contributions to Nietzsche studies and political philosophy, which are detailed in Nelly Motrozhilova’s introduction. Her philosophical work was inseparable from her personal political engagement, to which the featured archival text (“Prison or Gulag?”, 2000) testifies. It gives a poignant and concise characterisation of the prison as an object of philosophical theory, while asking the question of where Soviet prison camps and the prisons of post-Soviet Russia are to be located within this field of thought.
Square DRA feed for parabolic reflector antenna for satellite communication application
Authors: Reddy P Soni , Mondal Rahul , Sarkar Sushanta , Sarkar Debasree Chanda , Sarkar Partha Pratim 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A square dielectric resonator antenna (SDRA) offering high polarization purity as a feed for parabolic reflector antenna is presented in this paper. Three sequences of holes are strategically integrated into the SDRA to enhance the polarization purity of the desired mode by suppressing the cross-polarization (X-pol) generating higher order mode. A detailed study on the performance of the parabolic reflector antenna with the proposed SDRA feed is also performed. The composite structure provides low X-pol levels of −33 dB at the half-power beamwidth (HPBW) points and −35 dB at the 1 dB co-polarization region in the H-plane. The composite structure radiates in the broadside direction with a high gain of 26 dBi and radiation efficiency of 95%. The proposed SDRA is designed to operate at 3 GHz of the S-band. A prototype of the proposed design is fabricated and experimentally verified. A measured X-pol isolation of 39 dB at ±15% of HPBW (European Telecommunication Standards Institute [ETSI] standard for satellite communication) and 50 dB at boresight is obtained in the H-plane. The small size, light weight, stable radiation performance and high polarization purity offered by the proposed SDRA make it a suitable candidate for satellite communication application.
500 Jahre Rezeption der Reformation in Siebenbürgen und Ungarn: Anfänge und Netzwerke von Konfessionspluralismus in der Überlappungszone von West- und Ostkirche
Authors: Wien Ulrich A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This thematic issue of the Journal of Early Modern Christianity focuses on the reception of the Reformation in Transylvania and especially on the development of Protestant churches oriented towards Luther and influenced by Melanchthon. In the late Middle Ages, Transylvania had become part of the cultural influence zone of Central Europe, but throughout the sixteenth century the region became permeated by religious developments in Western Europe too. Here, a very peculiar constellation of religious pluralism and co-existence emerged, and the different contributions examine the premises and networks behind these dynamics. In this joint effort, it becomes clear how Transylvania turned into a pioneer region of religious freedom, as it witnessed simultaneously the development of Catholic, Orthodox and various Protestant confessional cultures.
Transient neonatal hyperinsulinism: early predictors of duration
Authors: Fuchs Shai , Regev Ravit , Harrington Jennifer 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Hyperinsulinism is the most common cause of recurrent hypoglycemia in infants, with transient and permanent forms. Currently, there are no effective tools to predict severity and time to resolution in infants with transient hyperinsulinism (tHI). Therefore, our objective was to assess whether early glucose trends predict disease duration in tHI.

Methods
A retrospective, pilot cohort of infants admitted with tHI was phenotyped for clinical and laboratory parameters. Blood glucose (BG) values were collected from the first documented hypoglycemia for 120 h (five days).

Results
In 27 neonates with tHI, the presence of fetal distress (p=0.001) and higher mean daily BG (p=0.035) were associated with shorter time to resolution of hypoglycemia. In a further sensitivity analysis that grouped the cohort by the presence or absence of fetal distress, we found that in neonates without fetal distress, lower mean daily glucose was associated with longer disease duration (R2=0.53, p=0.01).

Conclusions
Our pilot data suggests that predictors for disease duration of tHI may be elicited in the first week of life, and that tHI associated with fetal distress may represent a distinct clinical entity with a shorter time course.