bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydraulic characterization of porous pipes
Authors: Silva Yasmin Fernandes , Lima Luiz Antonio , Thebaldi Michael Silveira , Barros Nogueira Virgílio Henrique , Diotto Adriano Valentim , Andrade Julia Fonseca Colombo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Increased anthropic activity in the environment leads to degradation and increased waste generation that includes tires, which can be used for the manufacture of porous pipes by extrusion for irrigation or aeration. There are no defined methodologies for the hydraulic characterization of porous pipes; in addition, their performance is questionable because the permeability of the wall in contact with water seems to decrease with time. Thus, this study aimed to perform the hydraulic characterization of porous pipes. Experiments were performed to assess the variation in permeability over time, the head loss, the friction factor, and the roughness. Statistical tests were performed to investigate possible significant differences between treatments. The results showed that the permeability varies over time and tends to decrease with each application of water. After a certain period, the permeability tends to become constant, and a stable flux can be determined, being the lowest average permeability and flux values found 0.591 × 10−15 m² 0.109 m³·m−2·s−1. There is variability in the permeability between pipe samples from the same batch as well as variability within the same sample, as indicated by the fact that some samples are similar to each other while others differ when performing a pairwise multiple comparison.
Water quality trend analysis in a citywide water distribution system
Authors: Chowdhury Keya , Akter Aysha 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Rapid urbanization poses challenges to meet the increased water supply demands. Apart from the quantity, the distributed water quality often fails to meet the permissible level. This study aimed to conduct a citywide spatio-temporal variation of water quality parameters. Water sampling points were selected by applying the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) technique using ArcGIS considering pipe leakage, source water quality, pipe age, and pipe materials. The Chattogram city comprises 397 km of pipes; pipe material distribution shows 71.28% PVC, 20.94% asbestos, 5.16% mild steel, 2.17% ductile, and 0.45% cast iron. The citywide pipe network was established in 1963; 20.87% of pipes aged over 30 years, 15.07% 20–30 years, 26.38% 10–20 years, and 37.68% pipelines are relatively new, i.e., within 0–10 years. Eight water quality parameters, i.e., pH, temperature, turbidity, biochemical oxygen demand after five days (BOD5), total coliform, fecal coliform, chloride, and residual chlorine, were collected from the secondary source cross-checked by field survey. Computation of the Water Quality Index (WQI) was interpolated using Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) method to generate a WQI map. Thus, this study could be a basis to improve the treatment system and proper distribution network maintenance.
Adverse Drug Reaction Profile of Anticancer Agents in a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Observational Study
Authors: Shaikh Sana Parveen , Nerurkar Rajan 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Anti-cancer agents are known to be toxic, leading to a number of adverse
drug reactions (ADRs). ADRs not only increase the financial burden on the patient/healthcare system
but also decrease the quality of life. Understanding the burden of ADR will help strengthen the
knowledge on patient safety and implement intervention strategies to reduce it.

Objectives:
The objectives of the study are as follows:
1. To study the pattern of adverse drug reactions of anticancer agents of patients admitted in the oncology
ward.
2. To assess the causality, severity, and preventability of the adverse drug reactions observed.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional, observational study carried out in 200 adult patients in the
daycare center for chemotherapy. Details of ADRs noted in the previous and current cycles were
noted. Causality assessment was done using Naranjo and WHO scales. For severity and preventability
assessment, Hartwig Siegel and Modified Schumock Thorton scale were used, respectively.

Conclusion:
Alopecia was the most common ADR reported. Most of the ADRs could be causally
related to drugs. These ADRs were mild to moderate in severity and were not preventable. There is
a need to identify the underlying factors that predispose patients to these ADRs and target them in
future research.

Results:
Out of the total 732 ADRs encountered, alopecia was the most common ADR. The average
number of ADRs observed per patient was 3.66 + 1.59 (mean + SD). The maximum number of
ADRs were seen in Paclitaxel-carboplatin 3 weekly regimen. Nausea and alopecia were the most
common ADRs reported with most regimens.
On causality assessment, 95 (12.97%) were definitely related according to Naranjo’s Causality
scale, while 15.71% were certainly related according to the WHO scale. Of all the ADRs recorded,
47.81% were of moderate intensity, while 52.18% were of mild intensity. The majority of ADRs,
i.e., 87.59%, were not preventable.
Identification of Drug-Disease Associations by Using Multiple Drug and
Disease Networks
Authors: Yang Ying , Chen Lei 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Drug repositioning is a new research area in drug development. It aims to discover
novel therapeutic uses of existing drugs. It could accelerate the process of designing novel drugs
for some diseases and considerably decrease the cost. The traditional method to determine novel therapeutic
uses of an existing drug is quite laborious. It is alternative to design computational methods to
overcome such defect.

Objective:
This study aims to propose a novel model for the identification of drug–disease associations.

Method:
Twelve drug networks and three disease networks were built, which were fed into a powerful
network-embedding algorithm called Mashup to produce informative drug and disease features. These
features were combined to represent each drug–disease association. Classic classification algorithm,
random forest, was used to build the model.

Results:
Tenfold cross-validation results indicated that the MCC, AUROC, and AUPR were 0.7156,
0.9280, and 0.9191, respectively.

Conclusion:
The proposed model showed good performance. Some tests indicated that a small dimension
of drug features and a large dimension of disease features were beneficial for constructing the
model. Moreover, the model was quite robust even if some drug or disease properties were not available.
Prospects of Treating Prostate Cancer through Apalutamide: A Mini-Review
Authors: Singh Ranapartap , Alsayadi Yunes M.M.A. , Singh Vikram Jeet , Chawla Pooja A. , Rawal Ravindra Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Prostate cancer is considered the second most diagnosed cancer, and one of the most common
causes of death from cancer in men. Apalutamide is an effective, safe, and well-tolerated agent used for the treatment
of men with non-metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (nmCRPC) and metastatic Hormone-Naive Prostate
Cancer (mHNPC). Androgen receptor signaling is a leading factor that drives these prostate tumors. USFDA has approved
apalutamide on 14 February 2018 as an agent that targets androgen receptor signaling through inhibition causing
significant improvement in metastasis-free survival in patients with prostate cancer.

Objective:
In this review, various aspects related to apalutamide have been summarized which involve the mechanism
of action, chemistry, synthesis, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, adverse reactions, and safety parameters.

Methods:
The literature was thoroughly searched in the relevant databases to identify studies published in this field
during recent years. Special attention has been given to apalutamide clinical trials phases and its promising future as
one of the first-line agents for the treatment of patients with advanced prostate cancer.

Results:
Ongoing trials are progressing for apalutamide monotherapy and also for its combinations in other disease
settings. The expected results of such trials will shape the future scenario of prostate cancer therapy.

Conclusion:
This review article has highlighted different aspects of Apalutamide like its mechanism of action, adverse
effects, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, clinical trials among others. The contents of this article should make an
excellent read for prospective researchers in this field.
Implementasi Izin Usaha Daya Tarik Wisata di Kota Batu
Authors: Octavia Risna , Haruni Catur Wido , Anoraga Surya 
Published: August 2021

Based on the provisions of Article 55 of Perda Kota Batu No. 1 Tahun 2013 tentang Penyelenggaraan Kepariwisataan requires that all tourism business activities must have a business license. However, it was found that some tourist attractions are not licensed and still operate as usual. To answer the problem, the method of approach in this study uses a sociological juridical approach, with data collection techniques through document studies, interviews, library studies, observations and internet studies and written with qualitative descriptive. Based on the results of the study, shows that first, the implementation of business license based on Article 55 Paragraph (1) Of Perda Kota Batu No. 1 Tahun 2013 tentang Penyelenggaraan Kepariwisataan has not been implemented properly due to several factors such as law enforcement factors and community factors that do not understand how the procedure. Second, obstacles in the management of tourist attraction permits include: Fulfillment of licensing requirements that take a long time, do not understand the procedure of applying for permission using OSS (Online Single Submmision), and Lack of understanding of businesses on new information on the oss website page (Online Single Submmision). Third, the solution is socialization of licensing procedures to the general public, effective licensing services both online and offline through various media, cooperation between the Batu City Tourism Office and the Investment Office and One Door Integrated Services in the field of tourism licensing.
Abstrak
Berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 55 PERDA Kota Batu No. 1 Tahun 2013 tentang Penyelenggaraan Kepariwisataan mewajibkan bagi seluruh kegiatan usaha pariwisata wajib memiliki izin usaha. Namun, ditemukan fakta bahwa beberapa Daya Tarik Wisata (DTW) yang tidak memiliki izin dan masih beroperasi seperti biasa. Metode pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yang bersifat Yuridis Sosiologis, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, studi dokumen, studi pustaka, observasi dan studi internet serta dianalis dengan deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, menunjukkan bahwa implementasi izin usaha DTW berdasarkan Pasal 55 ayat (1) Perda Kota Batu No. 1 Tahun 2013 tentang Penyelenggaraan Kepariwisataan belum terimplementasi secara baik. Hambatan dalam pengurusan izin DTW antara lain: pemenuhan persyaratan perizinan yang membutuhkan waktu lama, tidak paham prosedur permohonan izin menggunakan OSS (Online Single Submmision), dan Kurang pahamnya pelaku usaha pada informasi baru yang ada di halaman website OSS (Online Single Submmision). Solusi yang dilakukan adalah sosialisasi prosedur perizinan kepada masyarakat umum, mengefektivitaskan layanan perizinan baik online maupun secara offline melalui berbagai media, kerjasama antara Dinas Pariwisata Kota Batu dan Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu dalam bidang perizinan pariwisata.
Exposição de trabalhadores rurais aos agrotóxicos
Authors: Farias Prado Josiane Aparecida , Siegloch Ana Emilia , Da Silva Bruna Fernanda , Agostinetto Lenita 
Published: August 2021

O Brasil é um dos maiores consumidores de agrotóxicos do mundo, o uso intensivo pode ocasionar contaminação humana e ambiental. O objetivo foi investigar a exposição de trabalhadores rurais aos agrotóxicos e verificar a influência na sua saúde e de seus familiares. Este é um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e de campo realizado com 80 agricultores. A coleta de dados ocorreu pela aplicação de um questionário. Os questionamentos abordavam sobre exposição aos agrotóxicos, sintomas e casos de intoxicação. Os dados foram submetidos aos procedimentos estatísticos descritivos e associação estatística pelo teste qui-quadrado. Glifosato, tamaron e carbofurano foram os agrotóxicos mais usados. Dos pesquisados, 85% possuem EPI, sendo que 91,18% o utilizam para o preparo da calda e 89,18% para a aplicação. Ainda, 23,75% já sofreram intoxicação por agrotóxico e 15% informaram sentir dois ou mais sintomas de intoxicação durante a aplicação. Além disso, 25% têm ou já teve depressão, com associação significativa entre ocorrência de depressão e casos de intoxicação (p≤0,049). Ainda, 16,25% afirmaram ter ocorrido intoxicação por agrotóxicos com seus familiares. De modo geral, os agricultores estão expostos aos agrotóxicos durante suas atividades laborais, o que pode se constituir em fator desencadeador de doenças a curto ou longo prazo.
Case Reports of Enamel Microabrasion Associated with At-home Dental Bleaching After Orthodontic Bracket Removal
Authors: Pavani CC , Vieira LR , Schott TC , Sundfeld D , Pini NIP , Bertoz APM , Pacheco RR , Sundfeld RH 
Published: August 2021

SUMMARY
Adequate removal of residual bonded materials from the enamel surface after orthodontic bracket debonding is critical, since any remaining composite may compromise enamel surface morphology and esthetics. The following clinical case reports present the association of at-home dental bleaching using 10% carbamide peroxide and the removal of residual bonded material using a super fine, tapered diamond bur followed by the use of an enamel microabrasion product after orthodontic bracket debonding. The proposed treatment considerably improved the esthetics and successfully removed the grooves created during the removal of the bonding composite, resulting in a smooth enamel surface.
Relationship Between the Cost of 12 Light-curing Units and Their Radiant Power, Emission Spectrum, Radiant Exitance, and Beam Profile
Authors: Soares CJ , Braga SSL , Price RB 
Published: August 2021

SUMMARY

Objectives:
To correlate the radiant power (mW), radiant exitance (or tip irradiance in mW/cm2), emission spectrum (mW/cm2/nm), and beam irradiance profile of 12 light-curing units (LCUs) available in the Brazilian market with their market cost.

Methods and Materials:
Six LCUs that cost more than US$900 (Bluephase G4,VALO Grand, VALO Cordless, Radii Xpert, Elipar DeepCure-S, and Radii plus) and six low-cost LCUs costing less than US$500 (Radii Cal, Optilight Max, High Power LED 3M, Emitter D, Emitter C, and LED B) were examined. Radiant power (mW) and emission spectrum (mW/nm) were measured using an integrating sphere connected to a fiber-optic spectroradiometer. The internal tip diameter (mm) of each LCU was measured using a digital caliper and was used to calculate the average radiant exitance (mW/cm2). Irradiance profiles at the light tip were measured using a commercial laser beam profiler. The cost of each LCU in Brazil was correlated with internal tip diameter, radiant power, and tip irradiance.

Results:
None of the low-cost LCUs were broad spectrum multiple peak LCUs. There was no correlation between the cost of the LCUs and their averaged tip irradiance; however, there was a high positive correlation between the cost of the LCUs and the radiant power and tip diameter. The VALO Grand, Elipar DeepCure-S, VALO Cordless, and Bluephase G4 all emitted a higher radiant power. They also had a significantly greater tip diameter than other LCUs. For the LCUs with a nonuniform output, some areas of the light tip delivered less than 400 mW/cm2, while other areas delivered more than 2500 mW/cm2.

Conclusions:
In general, LCUs that had a higher cost (US$971–US$1800) delivered more power (mW) and had a greater tip diameter (mm), which covered more of a tooth. In general, the low-cost LCUs (US$224–US$470) emitted a lower radiant power and had a smaller tip diameter.
Politik Elektoral Jakarta : Koalisi Buruh Jakarta dan Realisasi Politik Programatik
Authors: Ali Amiruddin Barik , Iman Subono Nur , Hasan Syamsudin Muhammad 
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk menganalisa bagaimana pola electoral engagement dan realisasi politik programatik yang dilakukan Koalisi Buruh Jakarta (KBJ) pada saat dan sesudah pemilihan Gubernur DKI Jakarta tahun 2017. Analisis kami membuktikan bahwa adanya policy broker, kesamaan program-program antara kontrak politik buruh-kandidat serta kolaborasi dan konsolidasi yang sistemik lintas federasi/serikat merupakan faktor-faktor pendukung terjadinya kontrak politik antara KBJ dan pasangan kandidat. Kandidat menjanjikan realisasi program-program kontrak politik apabila terpilih, sedangkan KBJ bersedia menjadi mesin politik kandidat yang otonom selama pemilihan kepala daerah di Jakarta berlangsung. Setelah kandidat terpilih, realisasi kontrak politik didistribusikan secara kolaboratif oleh kelompok buruh-Pemerintah Daerah DKI Jakarta. Distribusi politik tidak hanya ditujukan kepada para pekerja yang mendukung kandidat, namun juga para pekerja yang tidak mendukung kandidat serta kelompok lain di luar kelompok buruh. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa kontrak politik yang identik dengan pertukaran yang partikularistik antara kandidat dan pemilih dalam politik kontemporer di Indonesia tidak terjadi di studi kasus ini sedangkan distribusi politik secara programatik efektif dilakukan oleh kelompok buruh di tengah fregmentasi politik lintas federasi dan reformasi elektoral di Indonesia.
Kata Kunci:
Kata Kunci 1;
Buruh
Kata Kunci 2;
Politik Programatik
Kata Kunci 3;
Politik Elektoral
Kata Kunci 4;
Kontrak Politik
Kata Kunci 5;
Politik Lokal
KEEFEKTIFAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TWO STAY TWO STRAY (TSTS) TERHADAP KEAKTIFAN DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Maziyati Uly , Ponoharjo Ponoharjo , Paridjo Paridjo 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) Ada perbedaan keaktifan antara Siswa yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray dengan yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional, 2) Ada perbedaan prestasi belajar antara Siswa yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray dengan yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional, 3) Ada perbedaan keaktifan dan prestasi belajar antara Siswa yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray dengan yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional, 4) Model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan model pembelajaran konvensional terhadap keaktifan dan prestasi belajar matematika. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Siswa kelas X semester II SMK NU 01 Dukuhturi Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 yang berjumlah 121Siswa. Dari populasi diambil sampel yang berjumlah 62 Siswa dengan menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, observasi dan tes. Analisis data menggunakan uji t satu pihak kanan, MANOVAdan uji 2 – Hotelling.sebagai prasyarat analisis yaitu populasi berdistribusi normal menggunakan uji Liliefors dan populasi memiliki variansi yang homogen menggunakan uji Bartlet. Hasil penelitian diperoleh thitung = 2,031>1,70 sehingga hipotesis 1 H0 ditolak. thitung = 4,318 > 1,70 sehingga hipotesis 2 H0 ditolak. = 0,737 < 0,852 sehingga hipotesis 3 H0 ditolak, = 7,188 > 6,413 sehingga hipotesis 4 H0 ditolak. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan pada Siswa kelas X semester II pokok bahasan Program Linear SMK NU 01 Dukuhturi Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 menyatakan bahwa : 1) Ada perbedaan keaktifan antara Siswa yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray dengan yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional, 2) Ada perbedaan prestasi belajar antara Siswa yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray dengan yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional, 3) Ada perbedaan keaktifan dan prestasi belajar antara Siswa yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray dengan yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional, 4) Model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan model pembelajaran konvensional terhadap keaktifan dan prestasi belajar matematika.
KEEFEKTIFAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COURSE REVIEW HORRAY TERHADAP KEAKTIFAN DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Fatkhurozi Fatkhurozi , Suwandono Suwandono , Paridjo Paridjo 
Published: August 2021

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan: (1) Keaktifan belajar peserta didik yang diajar menggunakan model Course Review Horray lebih baik daripada menggunakan model ekspositori, (2) Prestasi belajar peserta didik yang diajar menggunakan model Course Review Horray lebih baik daripada menggunakan model ekspositori, (3) Ada perbedaan keaktifan dan prestasi belajar peserta didik yang diajar menggunakan model Course Review Horray dengan yang menggunakan model ekspositori. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas X IPA di SMA Negeri 3 Brebes Kabupaten Brebes dengan jumlah populasi 210 peserta didik dari enam kelas. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik dokumentasi, observasi, dan tes. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah (1) uji t pihak kanan pada hipotesis 1 dan 2, (3) uji manova one-way pada hipotesis 3. Dimana sebelumnya data berdistribusi normal dan homogen.Hasil penelitian pada peserta didik kelas X SMA Negeri 3 Brebes dapat disimpulkan : (1) Keaktifan belajar peserta didik yang diajar menggunakan model Course Review Horray lebih baik daripada menggunakan model ekspositori, (2) Prestasi belajar peserta didik yang diajar menggunakan model Course Review Horray lebih baik daripada menggunakan model ekspositori, (3) Ada perbedaan keaktifan dan prestasi belajar peserta didik yang diajar menggunakan model Course Review Horray dengan yang menggunakan model ekspositori.