bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Energy Consumption in Egypt: The Wavelet Coherence Approach
Authors: Odugbesan Jamiu Adetola , Adebayo Tomiwa Sunday 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Several studies have examined the implications of different macroeconomics variables on energy consumption, but the findings have been mixed, in addition, the study in the context of Egypt have been scant in the literature. Thus, our study investigates economic growth, gross capital formation, urbanization, and import as the determinants of energy consumption in Egypt using a time series from 1971 to 2017, and employed a wavelet coherent technique for the analysis. This study demonstrates a positive correlation between energy consumption and urbanization at different scales, as well as revealing a bidirectional causal relationship between the two variables. Moreover, this study shows a positive correlation between energy consumption and import, and also revealed import as a significant determinant of energy consumption at different frequencies in Egypt. In addition, an evidence of bidirectional causality was found between economic growth and energy consumption, while gross capital formation was also found to cause energy consumption in Egypt during the period of study. Our findings provide empirical rationale for the initiations by the policymakers in Egypt towards formulating policies that will ensure sustainable energy consumption in the country.
Relationship Between Economic Climate and the Level of Barriers to Doing Business in the Services Sector in the EU Countries
Authors: Skikiewicz Robert 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Development of the whole economy and sectors of the economy is influenced by cyclical fluctuations, what can be observed as slowdown or acceleration of the economic processes. The identification of the leads and lags between the economic indicators, that reveals cyclical fluctuations is very important. The paper attempts to diagnose the lead and lag relationship between the economic sentiment indicators and the indicators of barriers to doing business in the services sector. The growth cycle approach was applied in the paper. A cross correlation analysis was conducted to identify the lead / lag relationship between the variables. The results of the analysis enable to conclude if the confidence indicator is a leading or lagged indicator and what is the length of lead / lag in relation to the indicators of barriers to doing business in the services sector in the EU countries. The study indicate the number of quarters from the peak or through of the business cycle in the services sector after that the level of factors limiting business activity will start to grow or drop. The results of the study can be useful both to the managers of firms as well as the governments.
An investigation of English student-teachers’ constraints during teaching internship program
Authors: Salviana Salviana , Muslem Asnawi , Daud Bukhari 
Published: September 2021

The teaching internship is designed to smooth the transition from teacher to student. At the same time the teaching internship assignment gives the teachers training institutions an opportunity to evaluate the students teaching capabilities. It is one of the most important components of the teacher training program. It is an opportunity for student teachers to put their theoretical studies into practice. The objective of this study is to investigate the constraints faced by student teachers during teaching internship program. The qualitative method was employed in this study. The study involved 26 students who participated in the teaching internship program in 2016/2017 session, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Syiah Kuala. Covenience sampling technique was used to select the sample. The instruments used to collect data was questionnaire. The data collected was analyzed by using Miles and Huberman’s qualitative data analysis. Based on the questionnaire the result showed that there were fourteen constraints faced by student teachers during teaching internship program. The constraints were mainly in the domains of personal, class participation, class management, instructional, emotional, adjusting to students, and supervision. As teaching practice is an important component of teachers training program, considerable attention must be given to make it more effective and fruitful. Therefore, this study suggests that the cooperation of the faculty and schools in terms of supervision need to be improved in order to optimize the outcome of the program.
The major interest for crop protection of agrochemical substances without maximum residue limit (MRL)
Authors: Charon Mathilde , Robin Diane , Marchand Patrice A. 
Published: September 2021

Description of the subject. The real-time management of residues of plant protection products is a general issue for food producers and/or exporters. Authorized pesticides under European Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 (Reg. 1107/2009) are granted a maximum residue limit (MRL) defined by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). These maximum residue limits are managed by the European Commission and listed in EC Regulation No 396/2005. MRLs for newly approved substances are set for pesticide residues present in products or groups of products covered by Annex I with a default value of 0.01 mg·kg-1, unless they have been considered, elaborated upon on approval and affected in one of the six other Annexes (II to VII). Substances listed in Annex IV are favoured in the selection of substances to be used by producers as it is for substances with very low potential impacts (low-risk substances [Art. 22 of Reg. 1107/2009] which therefore require no MRL; basic substances [Art. 23 of Reg. 1107/2009]; and microorganisms). The number of substances affected by this lack of an MRL (without residues survey requirement) has been steadily increasing since the publication of the SANCO/11188/2013 Guideline. Many biocontrol agents are listed in Annex IV, including microbial insecticides (e.g. Bacillus thuringiensis, Cydia pomonella granulosis virus), semiochemicals used in traps (e.g. ammonium acetate, putrescine) and some natural substances (e.g. sulphur) as well as all the currently listed basic substances. Objectives. To show that plant protection may be achieved with less concern or control (auto + external) than with certain agrochemical pesticides, including those without maximum residue limits (MRL). Method. Analysis of EU Pesticide Database and EU Regulation (EU) No 540/2011. Results. All approved pesticide active substances with no MRL included in Annex IV of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, listed by substance status type (active, low-risk or basic) and category (microorganism, semiochemical or natural). Conclusions. These results may be used to help achieve plant protection with much less risk of contaminations, while noting the necessity for controls, analytical issues, positive controls, as well as the possibility of downgrading and withdrawal of approval from the market.
Conception et évaluation de systèmes de culture maraîchers méditerranéens innovants pour gérer les nématodes à galles
Authors: Djian-Caporalino Caroline , Navarrete Mireille , Fazari Ariane , Baily-Bechet Marc , Marteu Nathalie , Dufils Arnaud , Tchamitchian Marc , Lefèvre Amélie , Pares Laure , Mateille Thierry , Tavoillot Johannes , ( ‡) Alain Palloix , Sage-Palloix Anne-Marie , Védie Hélène , Goillon Claire , Castagnone-Sereno Philippe 
Published: September 2021

Description du sujet. Une approche système basée sur la co-conception et l’évaluation expérimentale in situ de prototypes de systèmes de culture (SDC) a été mise en œuvre dans le projet INRA « GeDuNem » pour une gestion durable des nématodes à galles (NG) dans les systèmes maraîchers sous abris. Objectifs. Il s’agissait (i) d’évaluer pendant quatre ans diverses stratégies de culture combinant résistances génétiques et pratiques culturales (rotations culturales incluant des plantes sensibles, résistantes et non-hôtes, gestion de l’interculture avec couvert végétal nématicide ou solarisation) pour réduire les populations de NG dans le sol et augmenter la durabilité des résistances variétales à ces bioagresseurs, (ii) d’étudier leur impact sur les communautés de nématodes rencontrées et (iii) d’évaluer l’acceptabilité des nouveaux SDC par les agriculteurs. Méthode. Trois prototypes de SDC, co-conçus entre acteurs de la recherche et ceux du développement, ont été comparés à des SDC appliqués classiquement en région méditerranéenne et évalués grâce à des dispositifs complémentaires : (i) expérimentations-système sur trois sites de producteurs du Sud de la France ; (ii) expérimentations analytiques pour approfondir les mécanismes d’action des leviers mobilisés ; (iii) enquêtes pour évaluer l’acceptabilité des prototypes par les agriculteurs. Résultats. Les trois SDC se sont révélés efficaces (90 % de réduction des NG, protection des Solanaceae à résistance partielle, pas d’effet négatif sur les nématodes non phytoparasites) et durables lorsque les conditions d’application et les équilibres biologiques du sol étaient favorables (nématofaune totale diversifiée et abondante). Leur degré d’acceptabilité dépendait du type d’exploitation et de la sensibilité des agriculteurs face à l’innovation. Conclusions. Ces nouveaux SDC doivent encore être améliorés, en interaction avec les producteurs, tant en termes d’efficacité, par l’introduction de nouveaux leviers agroécologiques, que de cout. Les recherches futures devront aussi s’ouvrir à la gestion plus globale de la santé des sols.
Overview of fruit flies important for fruit production on the Montenegro seacoast
Authors: Radonjić Sanja , Hrnčić Snježana , Perović Tatjana 
Published: September 2021

Description of the subject. Fruit flies are a large group of pests belonging to the order Diptera. The family Tephritidae is one of two fly families referred to as “fruit flies”. Tephritidae (true fruit flies) represent one of the largest families of flies and are part of a group of the most destructive agricultural pests in the world, attacking a wide range of fruits and fleshy vegetables. The other fruit fly family is the Drosophilidae, often called “vinegar flies”. There are also fly species from other Diptera families that attack the fruits of agricultural crops. Objectives. Due to its favorable geographic position and Mediterranean climate, the Montenegro seacoast is suited to fruit and vegetable production. The aim of this study was to make an inventory of the fruit fly species affecting fruit crops on the Montenegro seacoast. Method. The study area was 300 km along the Montenegro coast. Different types of traps (lure attractants, pheromone, and yellow sticky traps) were used for the monitoring, detection and recording of the spread of fruit flies in the area. Results. From an economic point of view, the most important species of fruit flies recorded were the Bactrocera oleae Gmel. and Ceratitis capitata Wiedem. Rhagoletis cerasi L. and Carpomya vesuviana Costa were also found to be present. Although several specimens of Rhagoletis cingulata Loew were detected in 2013-2014, this species has not, to date, been considered as established in the area of study. After the first detection of Drosophila suzukii Matsumura in 2013, this fruit fly was found to spread rapidly, and its presence is now observed along the whole Montenegro seacoast. One of the fruit fly species recorded, Silba adipata McAlpine, is considered to be one of the most destructive pests for fig production in Montenegro. Conclusions. Of seven species recorded in the study, five belonged to the family Tephritidae, and one each to Drosophilidae and Lonchaeidae.
Oak or chestnut tannin dose responses on silage pH, proteolysis and in vitro digestibility in laboratory-scale silos
Authors: Herremans Sophie , Decruyenaere Virginie , Beckers Yves , Froidmont Éric 
Published: September 2021

Description of the subject. This short note documents the use of hydrolyzable tannins as silage additives to reduce proteolysis thanks to a laboratory-scale ensiling method. Objectives. To study oak (OTE) and chestnut tannin extract (CTE) dose responses on chemical composition, pH and ammoniacal nitrogen (N-NH3) content of silage. Method. A mixture of cocksfoot, white and red clovers was ensiled in vacuum packs, with OTE or CTE at doses of 0, 10, 30, 50 and 70 g·kg-1 DM. Results. Hydrolyzable tannin extracts decreased N-NH3 content of silage up to 18% (p < 0.05). For the investigated range of doses, OTE induced a linear decrease of N-NH3 content (R² = 0.76) whereas CTE resulted in a quadratic decrease (R² = 0.68). High doses of tannin extracts reduced in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD) by 3% (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Both tannins reduced proteolysis in silos but highest doses induced a decrease in OMD.
Intercropping oilseed rape with wheat and releasing Harmonia axyridis sex pheromone in Northern China failed to attract and support natural enemies of aphids
Authors: Hatt Séverin , Xu Qingxuan , Francis Frédéric , Chen Julian 
Published: September 2021

Description of the subject. Increasing plant diversity with flowering plants and releasing semiochemicals did not attract and support natural enemies of insect pests for biological control. Objectives. We tested the effect of intercropping oilseed rape with wheat, and releasing the sex pheromone of the ladybeetle Harmonia axyridis, on the abundance of aphids’ natural enemies. Method. Four treatments repeated three times were compared in an experimental field in Langfang (Hebei, China): (i) oilseed rape–wheat intercropping + sex pheromone release, (ii) oilseed rape–wheat intercropping solely, (iii) pure-stand wheat and (iv) pure-stand oilseed rape. Ladybeetles, hoverflies, lacewings and parasitoids were pan-trapped during nine weeks in spring 2016 in each treatment. Results. A diversity of natural enemy species was trapped. However, intercropping and the release of the sex pheromone did not significantly increase their abundance compared to pure-stands. Conclusions. The results are discussed in regard to technical issues to improve the experimental protocol for future research in China.
Étude de la performance d’un parasitoïde oophage Ooencyrtus pityocampae (Mercet) (Hymenoptera : Encyrtidae) pour lutter contre des ravageurs d’un écosystème méditerranéen
Authors: Tunca Hilal , Venard Marine , Colombel Etty-Ambre , Tabone Élisabeth 
Published: September 2021

Description du sujet. Dans le cadre d’un projet de biocontrôle de la processionnaire du pin, Thaumetopoea pityocampa Denis & Schiffermüller, l’utilisation de parasitoïdes indigènes pour lutter contre ce ravageur a été étudiée au sein du Laboratoire Biocontrôle à l’UEFM (Unité Expérimentale Entomologie et Forêt Méditerranéenne) à l’INRA PACA. Objectifs. Il est nécessaire de rechercher le meilleur hôte de substitution et de mettre au point son élevage. Plus particulièrement, l'espèce Ooencyrtus pityocampae (Mercet) a été étudiée. Méthode. Thaumetopoea pityocampa étant une espèce allergisante, plusieurs hôtes de substitution ont été comparés pour l’élevage des parasitoïdes : Philosamia ricini (Danovan), Nezara viridula (L.) et Halyomorpha halys (Stål). Les caractéristiques biologiques et la fitness des descendants ont été comparées en conditions de laboratoire (25 ± 1 °C, 75 ± 5 % HR, 16L:8D). Résultats. Philosamia ricini est le meilleur hôte de substitution pour l’élevage d’O. pityocampae pour ce qui est de la quantité et de la qualité des individus produits. Conclusions. Cette étude servira de base à une réflexion sur les possibilités d’utiliser ce parasitoïde dans le cadre de la lutte biologique contre certains ravageurs méditerranéens.
Évaluation ex ante de l’irrigation de complément dans un contexte sahélien : couplage d’un modèle biophysique à un modèle économique d’exploitation agricole
Authors: Zongo Bétéo , Diarra Abdoulaye , Barbier Bruno , Zorom Malicki , Karambiri Harouna , Ouédraogo Souleymane , Toé Patrice , Hamma Yacouba , Dogot Thomas 
Published: September 2021

Description du sujet. Dans les pays sahéliens, la répartition spatio-temporelle hautement variable des précipitations demeure une menace pour l’agriculture pluviale, malgré le grand nombre de techniques diffusées pour la conservation des eaux et des sols. Objectifs. Analyser plusieurs stratégies d’irrigation des cultures pluviales et évaluer l’impact probable des mesures économiques incitatives en vue de faciliter l’adoption de l’irrigation de complément à partir des petits bassins individuels de collecte des eaux de ruissellement face aux poches de sècheresse. Méthode. Les stratégies possibles d’irrigation de complément et les simulations des mesures économiques incitatives ont été analysées à partir d’un modèle bio-économique appliqué à une exploitation agricole type. Résultats. Les simulations montrent que l’irrigation de complément permet d’accroitre le revenu espéré des agriculteurs, comparativement à la situation sans irrigation. La culture du maïs, du sorgho et du mil sous l’irrigation de complément en année sèche augmente le revenu espéré de 26,49 % (133 030 francs CFA, équivalent à 202,80 euros) comparativement à la situation sans irrigation. Les simulations visant à promouvoir l’irrigation de complément à partir des petits bassins individuels sont axées sur quatre modalités de subventions et un système d’octroi de crédit aux ménages agricoles. Conclusions. Parmi les mesures incitatives, la subvention sous forme de travail contre nourriture pour mobiliser la main-d’œuvre en vue de construire les bassins semble particulièrement adaptée pour la mise à l’échelle de la pratique de l’irrigation de complément à partir des petits bassins individuels.
Impact of insecticides on the efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) on cabbage in northern Benin
Authors: Sinhouenon Brice G. , Baimey Hugues , Wauters Laura , Dossou Rufin , Ahissou Regis B. , Decraemer Wilfrida , Schiffers Bruno 
Published: September 2021

Description of the subject. The article deals with the study of compatibility of entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) species with insecticides currently used against diamondback moth (DBM) Plutella xylostella (L.) in northern Benin Objectives. The aim of this work was to determine the impact of five insecticides on the efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against DBM larvae. Method. Infective juveniles (IJs) of two EPN species (Steinernema sp. 83a and Heterorhabditis sonorensis KF723827) were exposed to five insecticides used against P. xylostella larvae in Djougou for 48 h. The number of surviving nematodes was used to infest DBM larvae. The experiment was carried out under laboratory and semi-field conditions. Results. The bioassays carried out in laboratory showed that the survival rate of nematodes exposed to KARATE 2.5 WG, LAMBDA SUPER 2.5EC or neem oil ranges between 95% and 98%. In the treated plots, Steinernema sp. 83a was the most virulent with the highest P. xylostella mortality (87% at 50 IJs·cm-2 after 24 h) while only 35% larval mortality was recorded for H. sonorensis applied at the same dose. Population density of nematodes which penetrated DBM larvae reached 9 ± 3I IJs·larva-1 for H. sonorensis KF723827 and 6 ± 2 IJs·larva-1 for Steinernema sp. 83a. In cadaver of DBM, nematode reproduction did not appear to be affected by the contact with insecticides. Conclusions. Based on our research, we conclude that the three insecticides did not affect EPNs efficiency and could be used in combination against DBM.
Tolérance au déficit hydrique de cinq espèces prioritaires pour le reboisement au Burkina Faso
Authors: Kagambèga François Wenemi , Nana Rasmata , Bayen Philippe , Thiombiano Adjima , Boussim Joseph Issaka 
Published: September 2021

Description du sujet. Dans les régions arides et semi-arides, la disponibilité en eau est l’un des facteurs limitant de la croissance et du développement des arbres. L’étude de la réponse au déficit hydrique des espèces végétales permettrait de sélectionner du matériel végétal résistant pouvant se développer dans les zones sujettes à des déficits hydriques périodiques. Objectifs. L’objectif est d’évaluer la tolérance au stress hydrique de cinq espèces prioritaires pour le reboisement que sont Faidherbia albida, Acacia senegal, Jatropha curcas, Combretum micranthum et Pterocarpus lucens. Méthode. L’induction du stress a consisté à soumettre des jeunes plants d’un mois à divers régimes d’arrosage combinant deux facteurs : la quantité d’eau apportée (100 %, 50 % et 25 % de la réserve utile du substrat de sol utilisé) et la fréquence d’arrosage (3 jours, 7 jours et 10 jours), à travers un dispositif complètement randomisé avec 10 traitements hydriques, dans un essai sous serre. Les performances de croissance et les indices de tolérance des plants soumis au stress ont été mesurés pour chaque traitement. Résultats. Les résultats montrent qu’à l’exception de Pterocarpus lucens, caractérisée par de très faibles indices de tolérance en condition de stress sévère, les quatre autres essences sont performantes du fait de leur faible sensibilité au déficit hydrique et de leur taux de survie élevé. L’espèce Acacia senegal s'est révélée plus tolérante au déficit hydrique, suivie respectivement de Jatropha curcas, Combretum micranthum et Faidherbia albida. Conclusions. Les plants de ces quatre espèces constituent donc un matériel prometteur pour les reboisements des milieux soumis fréquemment à des déficits hydriques, comme les zippela.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PUBLIC SPEAKING SEBAGAI UPAYA UNTUK MENJADI WARGA NEGARA GLOBAL BAGI GENERASI MUDA
Authors: Casmana Asep Rudi , Timoera Dwi Afrimetty , Syafrudin Iqbal , Pratama MuhammadA Ageza , Pradana Aldi Wahyu 
Published: September 2021

Kemampuan public speaking memiliki peluang yang sangat besar untuk menjadi sebuah profesi terkhusus pada generasi muda untuk menjadi warga negara global. Generasi muda yang terhimpun dalam Paguyuban Mojang Jajaka Kabupaten Subang berada dalam naungan Dinas Pariwisata, Kepemudaan dan Olahraga Kabupaten Subang memiliki tugas untuk menjadi seorang public speaker. Namun dengan pergantian pengurus Mojang Jajaka disetiap tahunnya menyebabkan penurunan kemampuan public speaking. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengalaman dan pengetahuan mengenai teknik public speaking dan diharapkan pengurus Mojang Jajaka baru dapat memiliki pengetahuan serta pengalaman agar meningkatkan rasa percaya diri. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan melakukan tahapan pendekatan, praktik, dan pendampingan. Hasil dari pelatihan ini dapat meningkatkan kemampuan public speaking Mojang Jajaka. Kegiatan serupa harus lebih digiatkan pada lingkup yang lebih luas sehingga generasi muda kedepannya dapat memiliki kemampuan public speaking untuk menjadi bagian dari warga negara global.
Análisis del discurso de la competencia 27 del Currículo Nacional de la educación básica del Perú
Authors: Alderete Callupe Liz 
Published: September 2021

En este artículo se utiliza el método hermenoeducativo que corresponde a la investigación cualitativa, el análisis del discurso, específicamente el análisis de contenido. Para el análisis de contenido se utiliza el análisis semiótico constituido por el análisis sintáctico, semántico y pragmático, propio de las técnicas de análisis de las expresiones verbales escritas. Para interpretar el significado realde la competencia 27 del Currículo Nacional de la educación básica, que se imparte a través el área de educación para el trabajo en el nivel secundario de nuestro país. El currículo nacional de la educación básica (CNEB) es el documento normativo que rige la educación básica en el Perú. En este documento se encuentran las disposiciones a seguir en el sector de educación básica en los niveles: inicial, primaria y secundaria. En el CNEB se incluye el área de educación para el trabajo (EPT), en el que encontramos la competencia que busca desarrollar el área, esta competencia es el número 27, objeto de análisis de este estudio.