bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance, Memory, and the Archive
Authors: Baronian Marie-Aude , Biolchini Erica 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The notion of performance holds a profoundly polysemic nuance within the field of the humanities and the arts. For the present issue of the Journal of the Society for Armenian Studies, we challenge the traditional significance of perfoming arts by unveiling how artistic practices disclose important avenues for (re)thinking the question of memory and archive as well as Armenianness, cultural and diasporic identity, the female body, and political engagement. To reflect upon these various issues, we sat down with Arsinée Khanjian and shared our experiences of viewing artistic performances as well as our understanding of the significance of performance for Armenian studies.
Planktonic Ctenophora of the Madeira archipelago (Northeastern Atlantic)
Authors: GUEROUN SONIA KM , SCHÄFER SUSANNE , GIZZI FRANCESCA , ÁLVAREZ SOLEDAD , MONTEIRO JOÃO GAMA , ANDRADE CARLOS , CANNING-CLODE JOÃO 
Published: December 2021

Ctenophores are fragile gelatinous organisms whose diversity and distribution are relatively unknown. For the first time, the occurrence of four planktonic species, namely Ocyropsis crystallina, Eurhamphaea vexilligera, Cestum veneris, and Beroe sp., was reported from Madeira archipelago waters (NE subtropical Atlantic). This report represents the northernmost records in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean for O. crystallina and E. vexilligera.
Social determinants of health in male forensic patients admitted at a tertiary psychiatric hospital in South Africa
Authors: Mogase Keabetswe , Moeketsi Tshepiso , Sokudela Funeka B 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Social factors are increasingly being used to determine health outcomes. The concept of social determinants of health has been used to shape policies that address disparities. There is a paucity of such studies in the forensic setting. This study aimed to use social determinants of health to identify social factors that are associated with being a male forensic patient. Methods: The study was a retrospective two-group (forensic and non-forensic) comparison clinical record review. Association was identified through independent and multivariate statistical analysis. Results: The study sample comprised of 296 patients, 56.4% ( n = 167) of which were non-forensic. The majority of the sample was black African, 50 years and older, single, unemployed and had attended main-stream schooling. Race ( p < .01), employment status ( p < .02), not completing high school ( p < .01), previous imprisonment ( p < .01), drug use ( p < .01) and not being on medication prior to admission ( p < .01) were significantly associated with being a forensic patient. Multivariate logistic regression analyses also confirmed these associations. Conclusion: Social determinants of health ought to be targeted to improve health outcomes of psychiatric patients. Collaborations between mental health, public health, law and policy makers as well as non-/governmental agencies may lead to change. Human rights of individuals with mental illness may thus be enhanced in the long run.
Clinical application of dorsal digital cutaneous branch flap with partial extensor tendon in repairing compound tissue defects of the dorsal finger
Authors: Wang Jin , Lu Hao , Xue Mingyu , Qiang Li , Zhou Xiao 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To investigate the clinical efficacy of using dorsal digital cutaneous branch flap with partial extensor tendon in repairing compound tissue defects of the dorsal digits of the hand. Methods: Between January 2018 and January 2020, ten patients with skin and soft tissue defects of the digits accompanied by extensor tendon defects underwent surgical repair using dorsal digital cutaneous branch flap with partial extensor tendon. The donor site was repaired with dorsal metacarpal artery flap. The smallest skin defect area was 2.0 × 1.5 cm, while the largest skin defect area was 4.0 × 3.0 cm. The length of tendon defect ranged from 1.5 to 3.0 cm. Sensation within the flap, aesthetic appearance of both the donor and recipient sites, functional recovery, and return-to-work time were measured. Results: All 10 flaps survived after surgery. All patients were followed up for 12–18 months, with an average follow-up period of 15.4 months. After flap repair, the digits had satisfactory shape and appearance along with a soft texture. Hand function was excellent in eight cases and good in two cases. Two-point discrimination was 6–9 mm with an average of 8 mm. No patient experience cold intolerance. The donor sites healed well with satisfactory appearance. Conclusion: Dorsal digital cutaneous branch flap with partial extensor tendon could be used to repair skin and tendon defects simultaneously. The advantages of this method include simple donor tissue harvesting; less donor-site morbidity; reliable blood supply; and satisfactory recovery of appearance, sensation, and function of the flap. Therefore, this method could be suitable for repairing soft tissue defects of the dorsal digits with extensor tendon defects.
Arthroscopy-Assisted Reduction Percutaneous Internal Fixation Versus Open Reduction Internal Fixation for Tibial Plateau Fracture: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Liangjun , Chen Erman , Huang Lu , Wang Cong 
Published: December 2021

Background: Arthroscopy-assisted reduction percutaneous internal fixation (ARIF) has emerged recently as an alternative treatment method in treating lower-energy tibial plateau fractures. To date, the comparison of clinical efficacy between ARIF and open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) is limited, with divergent conclusions. Purpose: To review studies on the clinical efficacy of ARIF and ORIF in the treatment of tibial plateau fracture. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A search was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases between inception and August 20, 2020, for retrospective and prospective studies evaluating ARIF versus ORIF in the treatment of tibial plateau fracture. We identified 6 clinical studies that met the inclusion criteria, with 231 patients treated with ARIF and 386 patients treated with ORIF. The risk of bias and the quality of evidence of the included studies were assessed. The 2 treatment types were compared in terms of clinical results and complications by using odds ratios (ORs), mean differences (MDs), or standardized mean differences (SMDs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity among studies was quantified using the I 2 statistic. Results: The quality of the studies was high. Compared with ORIF, treatment with ARIF led to better clinical function (SMD = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.48; I 2 = 15%; P = .0005), shorter hospital stay (MD = –2.37; 95% CI, –2.92 to –1.81; I 2 = 0%; P < .001), and more intra-articular lesions found intraoperatively (OR = 3.76; 95% CI, 1.49 to 9.49; I 2 = 66%; P = .005). There were no complications or significant differences between the techniques in the radiological evaluation of reduction. Conclusion: Compared with ORIF, the ARIF technique for tibial plateau fractures led to faster postoperative recovery and better clinical function and the ability to find and treat more intra-articular lesions during the operation. However, the radiological evaluation of reduction and complications were not significantly different between the 2 groups.
Effects of decay on the shear properties of nailed joints parallel and perpendicular to the grain
Authors: Ueda Rintaro , Sawata Kei , Sasaki Takanobu , Sasaki Yoshihisa 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInformation on the properties of nailed joints with decayed member is necessary to evaluate the remaining structural properties of timber constructions. In this study, loading tests were conducted on nailed joints parallel and perpendicular to the grain with decayed members, and the relationship between the decrease in shear properties and the loading direction to the grain was investigated. After the loading tests, the extent of decay of the specimens was evaluated by the penetration depth of Pilodyn and the decay depth, and these were compared with the shear properties of the nailed joints. The nailed joints with decay had a low load at the initial deformation, regardless of the loading direction to the grain. The initial stiffness, yield resistance, and maximum resistance of the nailed joints parallel to the grain were negatively correlated with the Pilodyn penetration depth, and those of the nailed joints perpendicular to the grain showed no significant correlation with the Pilodyn penetration depth at the 5% level. The initial stiffness, yield resistance, and maximum resistance of the nailed joints parallel to the grain tended to decrease with increasing decay depth, and those of the nailed joints perpendicular to the grain did not exhibit this tendency. The shear properties of the nailed joints significantly decreased at small decay depths.
Patterns of psychopathology and cognition in sex chromosome aneuploidy
Authors: Rau Srishti , Whitman Ethan T. , Schauder Kimberly , Gogate Nikhita , Lee Nancy Raitano , Kenworthy Lauren , Raznahan Armin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs) are a collectively common family of genetic disorders that increase the risk for neuropsychiatric and cognitive impairment. Beyond being important medical disorders in their own right, SCAs also offer a unique naturally occurring model for studying X- and Y-chromosome influences on the human brain. However, it remains unclear if (i) different SCAs are associated with different profiles of psychopathology and (ii) the notable interindividual variation in psychopathology is related to co-occurring variation in cognitive ability.

Methods
We examined scores for 11 dimensions of psychopathology [Child/Adult Behavior Checklist (CBCL)] and general cognitive ability [full-scale IQ (FSIQ) from Wechsler tests] in 110 youth with varying SCAs (XXY = 41, XYY = 22, XXX = 27, XXYY = 20) and 131 typically developing controls (XX = 59, XY = 72).

Results
All SCAs were associated with elevated CBCL scores across several dimensions of psychopathology (two-sample t tests comparing the euploidic and aneuploidic groups [all |T| > 9, and p < 0.001]). Social and attentional functioning were particularly sensitive to the carriage of a supernumerary Y-chromosome. In particular, the XYY group evidenced significantly more social problems than both extra-X groups (Cohen’s d effect size > 0.5, Bonferroni corrected p < .05). There was marked variability in CBCL scores within each SCA group, which generally correlated negatively with IQ, but most strongly so for social and attentional difficulties (standardized β, − 0.3). These correlations showed subtle differences as a function of the SCA group and CBCL scale.

Conclusions
There is domain-specific variation in psychopathology across SCA groups and domain-specific correlation between psychopathology and IQ within SCAs. These findings (i) help to tailor clinical assessment of this common and impactful family of genetic disorders and (ii) suggest that dosage abnormalities of X- and Y-linked genes impart somewhat distinct profiles of neuropsychiatric risk.
The genetic scenario of Mercheros: an under-represented group within the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Flores-Bello André , Font-Porterias Neus , Aizpurua-Iraola Julen , Duarri-Redondo Sara , Comas David 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The general picture of human genetic variation has been vastly depicted in the last years, yet many populations remain broadly understudied. In this work, we analyze for the first time the Merchero population, a Spanish minority ethnic group that has been scarcely studied and historically persecuted. Mercheros have been roughly characterised by an itinerant history, common traditional occupations, and the usage of their own language.

Results
Here, we examine the demographic history and genetic scenario of Mercheros, by using genome-wide array data, whole mitochondrial sequences, and Y chromosome STR markers from 25 individuals. These samples have been complemented with a wide-range of present-day populations from Western Eurasia and North Africa. Our results show that the genetic diversity of Mercheros is explained within the context of the Iberian Peninsula, evidencing a modest signal of Roma admixture. In addition, Mercheros present low genetic isolation and intrapopulation heterogeneity.

Conclusions
This study represents the first genetic characterisation of the Merchero population, depicting their fine-scale ancestry components and genetic scenario within the Iberian Peninsula. Since ethnicity is not only influenced by genetic ancestry but also cultural factors, other studies from multiple disciplines are needed to further explore the Merchero population. As with Mercheros, there is a considerable gap of underrepresented populations and ethnic groups in publicly available genetic data. Thus, we encourage the consideration of more ethnically diverse population panels in human genetic studies, as an attempt to improve the representation of human populations and better reconstruct their fine-scale history.
Combined application of chondroitinase ABC and photobiomodulation with low-intensity laser on the anal sphincter repair in rabbit
Authors: Sarveazad Arash , Yari Abazar , Babaei-Ghazani Arash , Mokhtare Marjan , Bahardoust Mansour , Asar Siavash , Shamseddin Jebreil , Yousefifard Mahmoud , Babahajian Asrin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Photobiomodulation with low-intensity laser (LIL) and chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) can repair damaged muscle tissue, so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of co-administration of these two factors on anal sphincter repair in rabbits.

Methods
Male rabbits were studied in 5 groups (n = 7): Control (intact), sphincterotomy, laser, ChABC and laser + ChABC. 90 days after intervention were evaluated resting and maximum squeeze pressures, number of motor units, collagen amount, markers of muscle regeneration and angiogenesis.

Results
Resting pressure in the Laser + ChABC group was higher than the sphincterotomy, laser and ChABC groups (p < 0.0001). Maximum squeeze pressure in the all study groups was higher than sphincterotomy group (p < 0.0001). In the laser + ChABC and ChABC groups, motor unit numbers were more than the sphincterotomy group (p < 0.0001). Collagen content was significantly decreased in the laser (p < 0.0001) and laser + ChABC groups. ACTA1 (p = 0.001) and MHC (p < 0.0001) gene expression in the Laser + ChABC group were more than the laser or ChABC alone. VEGFA (p = 0.009) and Ki67 mRNA expression (p = 0.01) in the Laser + ChABC group were more than the laser group, But vimentin mRNA expression (p < 0.0001) was less than the laser group.

Conclusion
Co-administration of ChABCs and photobiomodulation with LIL appears to improve the tissue structure and function of the anal sphincter in rabbits more than when used alone.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy followed by resection/ablation in stage IV rectal cancer patients with potentially resectable metastases
Authors: Li Rongzhen , Wang Qiaoxuan , Zhang Bin , Yuan Yan , Xie Weihao , Huang Xiaoxue , Zhou Chengjing , Zhang Shu , Niu Shaoqing , Chang Hui , Chen Dongni , Miao Huikai , Zeng Zhi Fan , Xiao Weiwei , Gao Yuanhong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The optimal treatment of stage IV rectal cancer remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess the treatment outcomes and toxicity of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy followed by local treatment of all tumor sites and subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy in stage IV rectal cancer patients with potentially resectable metastases.

Methods
Adult patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma with potentially resectable metastases, who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy from July 2013 and September 2019 at Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, were included. Completion of the whole treatment schedule, pathological response, treatment-related toxicity and survival were evaluated.

Results
A total of 228 patients were analyzed with a median follow-up of 33 (range 3.3 to 93.4) months. Eventually, 112 (49.1%) patients finished the whole treatment schedule, of which complete response of all tumor sites and pathological downstaging of the rectal tumor were observed in three (2.7%) and 90 (80.4%) patients. The three-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of all patients were 56.6% (50.2 to 63.9%) and 38.6% (95% CI 32.5 to 45.8%), respectively. For patients who finished the treatment schedule, 3-year OS (74.4% vs 39.2%, P < 0.001) and 3-year PFS (45.5% vs 30.5%, P = 0.004) were significantly improved compared those who did not finish the treatment. Grade 3–4 chem-radiotherapy treatment toxicities were observed in 51 (22.4%) of all patients and surgical complications occurred in 22 (9.6%) of 142 patients who underwent surgery, respectively.

Conclusions
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy followed by resection/ablation and subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy offered chances of long-term survival with tolerable toxicities for selected patients with potentially resectable stage IV rectal cancer, and could be considered as an option in clinical practice.
The opposing action of stromal cell proenkephalin and stem cell transcription factors in prostate cancer differentiation
Authors: Liu Alvin Y. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Loss of prostate cancer differentiation or de-differentiation leads to an untreatable disease. Patient survival would benefit if this can be prevented or reversed. Cancer de-differentiation transforms luminal-like (differentiated) adenocarcinoma into less luminal-like and more stem-like (undifferentiated) small cell carcinoma through a sequential activation of stem cell transcription factors (scTF) POU5F1, LIN28A, SOX2 and NANOG. Like stem cells, prostate small cell carcinoma express this quartet of scTF as well as a 10-fold lower level of β2-microglobulin (B2M) than that of differentiated cell types. In organ development, prostate stromal mesenchyme cells mediate epithelial differentiation in part by secreted factors.

Methods
The identified prostate stromal-specific factor proenkephalin (PENK) was cloned, and transfected into scTF+B2Mlo stem-like small cell carcinoma LuCaP 145.1, reprogrammed luminal-like scTF−B2Mhi LNCaP, and luminal-like scTF−B2Mhi adenocarcinoma LuCaP 70CR. The expression of scTF, B2M and anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) was analyzed in the transfected cells.

Results
PENK caused down-regulation of scTF and up-regulation of B2M to indicate differentiation. When transfected into reprogrammed LNCaP, PENK reversed the reprogramming by down-regulation of scTF with attendant changes in cell appearance and colony morphology. When transfected into LuCaP 70CR, PENK up-regulated the expression of adenocarcinoma antigen AGR2, a marker associated with cancer cell differentiation.

Conclusions
Prostate cancer cells appear to retain their responsiveness to stromal PENK signaling. PENK can induce differentiation to counter de-differentiation caused by scTF activation. The many mutations and aneuploidy characteristic of cancer cells appear not to hinder these two processes. Loss of prostate cancer differentiation is like reprogramming from luminal-like to stem-like.
Data collection for outbreak investigations: process for defining a minimal data set using a Delphi approach
Authors: Perrocheau Anne , Brindle Hannah , Roberts Chrissy , Murthy Srinivas , Shetty Sharmila , Martin Antonio Isidro Carrion , Marks Michael , Schenkel Karl ,   the “Minimum Variables for Outbreak Investigation Working Group of the WHO Outbreak Toolkit project”, Perrocheau Anne , Murthy Srinivas , Schenkel Karl , Brindle Hannah , Roberts Chrissy , Marks Michael 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundTimely but accurate data collection is needed during health emergencies to inform public health responses. Often, an abundance of data is collected but not used. When outbreaks and other health events occur in remote and complex settings, operatives on the ground are often required to cover multiple tasks whilst working with limited resources. Tools that facilitate the collection of essential data during the early investigations of a potential public health event can support effective public health decision-making. We proposed to define the minimum set of quantitative information to collect whilst using electronic device or not. Here we present the process used to select the minimum information required to describe an outbreak of any cause during its initial stages and occurring in remote settings.MethodsA working group of epidemiologists took part in two rounds of a Delphi process to categorise the variables to be included in an initial outbreak investigation form. This took place between January–June 2019 using an online survey.ResultsAt a threshold of 75 %, consensus was reached for nineteen (23.2%) variables which were all classified as ‘essential’. This increased to twenty-six (31.7%) variables when the threshold was reduced to 60% with all but one variable classified as ‘essential’. Twenty-five of these variables were included in the ‘Time zero initial case investigation’ ‘(T0)’ form which was shared with the members of the Rapid Response Team Knowledge Network for field testing and feedback. The form has been readily available online by WHO since September 2019.ConclusionThis is the first known Delphi process used to determine the minimum variables needed for an outbreak investigation. The subsequent development of the T0 form should help to improve the efficiency and standardisation of data collection during emergencies and ultimately the quality of the data collected during field investigation.
Application of neck ultrasound in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis
Authors: Shen Mengjun , Zhou Ying , Gu Weiqing , Yin Chengsheng , Wang Yin , Zhang Yuan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective
To explore the significance of neck ultrasound (NUS) combined with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.

Methods
88 patients with evidence of intrathoracic lymphadenopathy and suspected sarcoidosis with enlarged cervical lymph nodes underwent NUS, CEUS, fine-needle aspiration and core needle biopsy when technically feasible were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Seven characteristics such as enhanced mode (EM), resolution time, color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI), fading time, peaking state-uniformity, strengthen the area and symmetry were considered to perform the logistic regression model.

Results
Of 88 patients included in this study, sarcoidosis was accounted in 20 cases, tuberculosis in 23 cases, malignancy in 22 cases and inflammatory lymph node in 23 cases. There were statistically significant differences in symmetry, lymphatic hilum, homogeneity, CDFI pattern and elasticity score between the sarcoidosis and non-sarcoidosis groups via NUS. Similarly, we also acknowledged a statistically significant differences in EM, homogeneity, presence or absence of necrosis between the sarcoidosis and non-sarcoidosis groups via CEUS to further group the non-sarcoidosis into tuberculosis, malignancy or inflammatory disorder. The percentage correction of prediction was 90% (18/20).

Conclusion
NUS combined with CEUS has characteristic features in sarcoidosis with cervical lymph node involvement, which is helpful for its diagnosis and differential diagnosis. The binary classification model of NUS combined with CEUS features can help differentiate sarcoidosis from non-sarcoidosis groups.