bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neonatal outcome of maternal premature rupture of membranes more than 18 hours
Authors: Shakya Amshu , Gupta Sweta Kumari 
Published: March 2021

Background: Premature Rupture of Membranes has been known to complicate pregnancy since ages. Several risk factors may be associated with occurrence of premature rupture of membranes. It is associated with varied neonatal complications, neonatal sepsis and prematurity being the most hazardous ones.
Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of neonatal sepsis following premature rupture of membranes, risk factors and neonatal complications associated with premature rupture of membrane of more than 18 hours in the neonates admitted in a tertiary care center.
Methodology: Descriptive observational study was undertaken for 18 months from August 2013 to January 2015 in the College of Medical Sciences, Chitwan, Nepal. This study included 82 neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with maternal history of premature rupture of membranes of more than 18 hours with medical conditions excluded.
Results: The incidence of premature rupture of membranes in this hospital was 8.9%. Frequently associated maternal risk factors were history of prior abortion (16, 19.5%), urinary tract infection (7, 8.5%), and antecedent coitus (7, 8.5%). In the study population, 68 (83%) neonates had complications and 14 (17%) neonates had no complication. The incidence of neonatal sepsis following PROM in present study was 6.1%. Neonatal sepsis was significantly associated with chorioamnionitis (p<0.001). The most frequently occurring complication was probable neonatal sepsis (53, 64.6%), followed by prematurity (31, 37.8%) and perinatal asphyxia (15, 18.3%). There was a directly proportional relation of neonatal sepsis, chorioamnionitis, respiratory distress syndrome and mortality with duration of premature rupture of membranes.
Conclusion: Commonly occurring maternal risk factors with PROM were prior abortion, UTI and antecedent coitus. In the study population, infectious morbidity was highest. Chorioamnionitis was significantly associated with culture proven neonatal sepsis. Prolonged duration of premature rupture of membranes increased the risk of neonatal sepsis, meningitis, respiratory distress syndrome and perinatal death. Prevention of these risk factors, appropriate and timely management including improved obstetric and neonatal care can provide intact survival of the neonates.
Complications of inguinal hernia repair in children: A tertiary hospital experience
Authors: Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka 
Published: March 2021

Background: Repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most frequently performed procedures in pediatric surgery.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the complications we encountered following repair of inguinal hernia in children.
Methodology: This was a retrospective study done in children aged 15 years and below who had complications following inguinal hernia repair (both emergency and elective) at the pediatric surgery unit of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH) Enugu, Nigeria, between January 2014 and December 2018.
Results: A total of 1243 cases of pediatric inguinal hernia repairs were performed during the study period. Out of this, 123 patients developed complications, accounting for 9.9% of the total cases. There was male predominance with a median age of 1 year. Most of the complications were noted in infants undergoing emergency repairs. Scrotal complications were the most common complications which resolved on non-operative treatment. Other complications in descending order of frequency included wound infection, hernia recurrence, testicular atrophy and sensory disturbances in the inguinal region. There was no mortality following the surgeries.
Conclusion: Pediatric inguinal hernia repair is a procedure with potential complications more so in infants following an emergency repair. Preoperative parental counseling and timely referral are mandatory.
Five years experiences in diagnosis and management of jejuno-ileal atresia in Kanti children’s hospital
Authors: Basnet Anupama , Thapa Bijay , Dhoubadel Prativa , Kayastha Anuj 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Jejuno-ileal atresia is a major cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence, clinical presentation, management, and outcome of jejunoileal atresia at our institute over a period of five years.
Methods: The medical records of the patients with the diagnosis of jejunoileal atresia during a period of five years (April 2014 to April 2019) were obtained from the hospital record section and surgical intensive care unit, and were reviewed and analyzed.
Results: There were 61 cases of jejunoileal atresia among 144 cases of intestinal atresia. Twenty-nine (47.5%) of them were male. Laparotomy with resection of atretic part with anti-mesenteric tapering enteroplasty and end to end anastomosis was done in 15, and resection without tapering enteroplasty with end to end anastomosis was done in 39 patients. Thirty-eight patients (62.3%) were discharged while Twenty-three (37.7%) cases were lost to mortality.
Conclusions: Although the mortality and morbidity rate are high in jejunoileal atresia, early diagnosis, improvement in surgical technique, modern ventilatory support and advanced in intensive care unit has led to the significant increase in the survival rate.
Comparison of non-invasive haemodynamic monitors of stress response to endo-tracheal intubation with perfusion index in patients undergoing elective surgery
Authors: Lama Moktan Sushila , Karki Manan 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Laryngoscopy and intubation is always associated with a short term reflex sympathetic pressor response. The perfusion index is an indirect, non-invasive, and continuous measure of peripheral perfusion by pulse oximeter which can detect the stress response to intubation similar to heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.
Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled sixty-five normotensive patients of American society of anesthesiologists physical status grade I and II scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia. Tracheal intubation was performed after induction with intravenous fentanyl, propofol and vecuronium. Heart rate, Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure and Perfusion Index were measured before induction of anesthesia, before intubation and one minute, three minutes, five minutes after the insertion of the endotracheal tube. Increase in heart rate by ?10 beats per minute, systolic and diastolic blood pressure by ?15 millimeters of mercury and decrease in Perfusion index ?10% after endotracheal intubation as compared to preintubationvalue were considered positive haemodynamic changes.
Results: Endotracheal intubation produced a significant increase in heart rate and blood pressure whereas perfusion index decreased significantly. Our study showed that perfusion index response criterion achieved 97.7% (Confidence interval 97.58-97.86) sensitivity in detecting the stress response to insertion of endotracheal tube whereas systolic and diastolic blood pressure achieved sensitivity of 90% and 92% respectively.
Conclusion: Perfusion Index is easier, reliable and non-invasive alternative to conventional haemodynamic criteria for detection of stress response to endotracheal intubation.
Prevalence of surgical site infection in patient with bile spillage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Parajuli Anuj 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Iatrogenic gallbladder perforation with bile spillage (BS) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) occurs frequently but its impact to the patient can range from port site surgical site infection (SSI), bowel obstruction, intraperitoneal abscess to none. We aim to examine the prevalence of port site SSI in patients with bile spillage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Methods: A prospective descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken which included consecutive patients who underwent LC over a period of six months and had intraoperative bile spillage. Patients were noted and evaluated for the presence of port site SSI. Patients were assessed clinically during hospitalization and on follow-up at five and even days post operatively. Bile spillage (BS) as a possible risk factor for port site surgical site infection (SSI) was analyzed.
Results: Out of 318 patients, there were 229 (72%) female and 89(28%) male patients with a mean age of 46 ± 11.7 years. BS occurred in 66 (20.8%) patients. Port site SSI was present in 14 (4.4%) patients. SSI among patients with bile spillage was present in 8 (12.1%) and among patients without BS was 6 (2.3%).
Conclusion: The present study reveals that iatrogenic gallbladder perforation with BS has higher prevalence of port site SSI.
Colonic interposition for recurrent Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma of stomach: a case report
Authors: Regmee Sujan , Kharel Shrijan , Bohara Tanka Prasad , Joshi Mukund Raj 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Gastric cancer is a major cause of cancer death worldwide. Potential curative treatment for gastric cancer is radical gastrectomy. The reasons for local recurrence could be many like inadequate margin at the time of resection, biology of the disease, bad patient compliance. Esophagogastrectomy with colonic interposition may be required in case of distal esophageal carcinoma, carcinoma of proximal stomach and also in esophagogastric anastomotic recurrence, especially when the stomach is not suitable or available.
Case description: A 30-year-old female, who had undergone proximal partial gastrectomy about 14 months back for poorly differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma of stomach, was admitted with a 20 days history of dysphagia which was initially for solid food but later progressed causing difficulty in swallowing liquid as well. In past 14 months patient had undergone 6 cycles of chemotherapy. Transhiatal esophagectomy with interposition of right colon with terminal ileum with end to end anastomosis of oesophagus and ileal ends followed by colojejunostomy and ileocolostomy with FJ placement.
Conclusion: When enough stomach remains it can be used as an esophageal replacement. However, when the stomach cannot be used due to more extensive primary disease or like in this case, needs to be resected due to recurrence of the disease, the interposed colon or jejunum needs to be used for esophageal reconstruction.
Problems of physical culture in educational institutions and their solution
Authors: Kostyuchenko M. , Tkachenko I. , Ryabchenko V. , Donets I. 
Published: March 2021

One of the conditions of successful solution of social question is the existance of clear imaginations about its sense and forming generally known imaginations about solution. It is general thought. But when we search solutions this condition is ignored. It is watched when reforming physical education of students and scholars.
The essence of question is clear: weak material base, not enough number of lessons etcetera. But there are most serious reasons. There are an absence of imaginations about what we want from students’ and school physical culture; without this we cannot understand what it has to be school physical culture. As a result people have different imaginations. We can see complex co– existence of three environments: educational, training and health environments. The analysis of special literature shows that modern investigations and publications pay not enough attention to certain effective methodics which promote qualitative forming and solving educational, training and health questions as well as bring up all – side developed scholars and students when physical education.
Analysis on the Business Strategy of Tesco in the Chinese Market
Authors: Tian Qi 
Published: March 2021

As China’s joining World Trade Organization (WTO) and entirely opening its retail market, foreign retailers step into China one after the other. The Chinese retailing industry has changed rapidly influenced by both external and internal factors. Tesco, the great retail chain in the UK, transferred its value to the Chinese market in 2004. Tesco has implemented various strategy since it launched in China. The British retail giant has experienced tremendous success in the British retail market. However, it is struggling to succeed after nine years of solo venture in the Chinese market.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Blended Learning pada Mata Kuliah Sejarah Indonesia Kontemporer Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Universitas Batanghari Jambi
Authors: Agustiningsih Nur , Fitri Nurul 
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this research is to find out (1) the process of learning media development based blended learning for Indonesia Contemporary History subject of History Education Program batanghari University Jambi, (2) The eligibility of learning media based blended learning for Indonesia Contemporary History subject of History Education Program Batanghari University Jambi. The types of this research are research and development. This research emphasizes an effort to produce certain products that will be used in certain fields of science and can also be used in an activity that needs it. The development which was carried out in this research is developing of learning media based on blended learning in the form of an ebook. To determine the feasibility of the media, the media experts and material experts validated the media that had been made and then conducted a media trial to the students, the trial was carried out on three stages, one to one, small group trials, and field test trials. The results showed that (1) the stages of developing blended learning based media in Indonesia Contemporary History subject adopted the steps or stages which were developed by ADDIE which consisted of five stages, they are: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. (2) The results of the assessment by media experts for all aspects obtained an average score of 4.25 with very good category and reasonable to be used. Furthermore, based on the media expert's assessment, the average of all aspects is 4.35 dan 4,48 after revision with a very good category so that the material reasonable to be used. The advisability of blended learning based media in Indonesia Contemporary based on student assessment in the field test obtained an average of all aspects 4.45 in the very good category so that the media was very suitable to be used in this learning activity.
The Practices of HRM, Human Capital, and Organizational Performance: A Literature Discussion in SME Context
Authors: Simarmata Jonner 
Published: March 2021

SMEs are a very important economic sector in almost all countries. Not only in developed countries but also in developing countries. The reason is, this sector contributes greatly to economic growth, especially to the GDP and employment. Therefore, all governments give a big support to the growth of this sector to contribute even more. The purpose of organizations including SMEs is to increase value for their stakeholders. Therefore, every manager tries hard to improve the performance of his company. In theory, one of the factors that influence organizational performance is HRM practice (Armstrong & Taylor, 2014). However, experts argue that the relationship of HRM practices with organizational performance is an indirect relationship. Therefore, it is important to think about what variables can mediate this relationship. In the literature it is mentioned that human capital can act as a mediating variable in the relationship between HRM practices and organizational performance. However, in the context of SMEs, studies on human capital as a mediator are still rarely found. This present article aims to add to the literature on the mediating role of human capital in the relationship of HRM practices with organizational performance in the context of SMEs.
Tugas dan Fungsi Kepolisian Untuk Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Publik terhadap Penegak Hukum
Authors: Alfian Elvi 
Published: March 2021

Tugas pokok dan fungsi Polri, selain sebagai pengayom masyarakat juga sebagai penegak hukum. Tingkat kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap penegakan hukum di negri ini dari hari ke hari grafiknya terus mengalami penurunan. Tingkat ketidak puasan masyarakat terhadap penegakan hukum di negri ini semakin meningkat, hal ini dapat terlihat dengan jelas dari hasil survei yang dilakukan. Dan yang terpenting adalah bagaimana Polri dalam melaksanakan tugas dan fungsinya dengan baik sehingga dapat diterima oleh masyarakat sehingga dapat menjaga keamanan dan ketertiban dengan memperoleh dukungan maksimal dari masyarakatTujuan penelitian ini untuk Untuk menganalisa bagaimana tugas dan fungsi kepolisian untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan publik terhadap penegak hukum dan Untuk menganalisa apa yang menjadi faktor penghambat bagi kepolisian untuk menjalankan tugas dan fungsinya sebagai penegak hukum untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan publik. Penelitian hukum normatif (normative law research) menggunakan studi kasus normatif berupa produk perilaku hukum, misalnya mengkaji undang- undang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1.Tugas dan Fungsi Kepolisian Sebagai Penegak Hukum Menurut UU Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia dapat dilihat pada Pasal 2 UU No. 2 Tahun 2002 mengenai fungsi Kepolisian. Fungsi kepolisian adalah “salah satu fungsi pemerintahan negara di bidang pemeliharaan kemanan dan ketertiban masyarakat, penegak hukum, perlindungan, pengayoman, dan pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Faktor penghambat kepolisian dalam melaksanakan tugasnya dalam penegakan hukum yaitu : a. Faktor hukumnya sendiri; b.Faktor penegak hukum, yaitu pihak- pihak yang membentuk maupun menerapkan hukum; c.Faktor sarana atau fasilitas; d.Faktor masyarakat, yaitu lingkungan dimana hukum terasebut berlaku atau diterapkan; e. Faktor kebudayaan, yaitu sebagai hasil karya, cipta dan rasa yang didasarkan pada karsa manusia dalam pergaulan hidup.
Kontribusi Tulangan Memanjang Terhadap Kekuatan Geser Pada Penampang Balok Beton
Authors: Afendi Al Fauzi , Azwarman Azwarman , Zulfiati Ria 
Published: March 2021

Beton bertulang sebagai elemen balok pada umumnya diberi tulangan memanjang (lentur) dan tulangan sengkang (geser), Tulangan memanjang/longitudinal pada balok yang dipasang searah sumbu batang untuk menahan gaya tarik, karena beton tidak dapat menahan gaya tarik melebihi nilai tertentu tanpa mengalami retak-retak dan Tulangan konvensional dikenal dengan konsep perhitungan tulangan pada bagian sengkang yang digunakan untuk menahan gaya geser. Pengaruh momen lentur terhadap kuat geser, Pada kontrusi balok menerus, maka pada daerah tumpuan interior akan terjadi gaya geser dan momen lentur yang besar. Oleh sebab itu penulis tertarik untuk mengadakan penelitian dengan alasan ingin mengetahui jika meningkatkan rasio tulangan memanjang/longitudinal apakah dapat meningkatkan luas geser penampang atau malah tidak mempengaruhi, dengan adanya kontribusi tulangan memanjang/longitudinal terhadap kekuatan geser pada penampang balok beton.Dengan mencari berapakah jumlah sengkang dan bagaimana pengaruh rasio tulangan memanjang/logitudinal terhadap luas geser penampang balok beton. Penelitian ini menggunakan formula sesuai SNI 2847:2013.Adapun pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah buku peracangan struktur beton bertulang, buku teori dan desain balok plat beton bertulang. Data akan dianalisa dengan membandingkan gaya geser yang dapat ditahan oleh beton adanya kontribusi tulangan memanjang dan tanpa adanya kontribusi tulangan memanjang. Berdasarkan analisa data yang dilakukan pada balok beton yang ditinjau, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa dengan adanya kontribusi tulangan memanjang hasil yang didapatkan hampir sama atau sama dengan tanpa adanya kontribusi tulangan memanjang, dimana dengan adanya kontribusi tulangan memanjang didapat sengkang/begel sebanyak 8 buah untuk besi Ø10 dan 6 buah untuk besi Ø6, sedangkan perhitungkan tanpa adanya kontribusi tulangan memanjang didapat sengkang/begel yang sama yaitu sebanyak 8 buah besi Ø10 dan 6 buah untuk besi Ø6. Nilai ρ adalah rasio tulangan memanjang/longitudinal, dengan adanya rasio ρ pada perhitungan penulangan geser tidak begitu mempengaruhi luas geser penampang.
Perencanaan Struktur Atap RS Bhayangkara Polda Jambi Dengan Mempergunakan Profil Baja IWF
Authors: Prayogi Doni , Jatoeb M Asmuni , Nuklirullah M 
Published: March 2021

Baja banyak digunakan sebagai bahan konstruksi karena memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan bahan beton dan kayu, selain itu bentuk dan ukuran baja yang bervariasi memudahkan baja untuk digunakan dalam banyak konstruksi-konstruksi bangunan. Seperti pada tugas akhir ini yaitu perencanaan atap rumah sakit Bhayangkara Polda Jambi menggunakan struktur baja. Lokasi studi berada di Jl. Raden Mattaher, Kelurahan Rajawali, Kecamatan Jambi Timur, Kota Jambi, rumah sakit ini adalah milik dari polri yang pembangunannya dimulai pada tahun 2018. Pada lantai atas rumah sakit tersebut nantinya akan dibuat kantin, oleh karena itu pada lantai atas akan direncanakan struktur atap dengan menggunakan baja IWF. Pemilihan material baja IWF dikarenakan struktur yang direncanakan memiliki bentang yang lebar dan mudah diaplikasikan pada bangunan rumah sakit serta pengerjaannya yang cepat karena struktur berbentuk portal tanpa sistem rangka. Metode desain dalam perencanaan tugas akhir ini menggunakan Desain Faktor Beban dan Ketahanan (DFBK). Pada perencanaan ini didapat gording menggunakan profil kanal 100 50 20 4 mm. Ikatan angin dan trackstang masing-masing menggunakan besi 12 mm. Balok dan kolom menggunakan profil IWF 350 350 12 19 mm. Sambungan konstruksi menggunakan sambungan baut dan las. Sambungan balok dengan kolom menggunakan 10 baut 22 mm dan las ukuran 8 mm dengan panjang 160 mm. Sambungan balok dengan balok menggunakan 8 baut 16 mm dan las ukuran 8 mm dengan panjang 90 mm. Sambungan base-plate menggunakan 6 baut angkur 19 mm dan las ukuran 5 mm dengan panjang 310 mm.
Kekerasan Terhadap Anak dalam Perspektif Kriminologi Di Kecamatan Tobelo Kabupaten Halmahera Utara
Authors: Sengi Ernest , Budiman Alfonsisus 
Published: March 2021

Children are the nation’s next generation who need to be protected from various forms of violence. The enactment of the law on the elimination of violence in household and the child protection law does not always directly proportional to the loss of violent behavior towards children. In this paper, the legal issue that will be examined is how the perspective of criminology in overcoming violence against children in Tobelo Subdistrict North Halmahera Regency. Then, to answer the legal issues used nondoctrinal legal research methods with a socio legal research approach that is supported by the statute approach. This approach is considered appropriate because the data on cases of violence against children in Tobelo sub-district will be described and then analyzed from this data to obtain a legal prescription on how the criminology views various forms of violence against children. The results showed that in 2015 to 2018 in Tobelo Subdistrict, North Halmahera Regency, there were 57 cases of violence against children. Besides, violence against children is a form of criminal activity in which the offender can be held liable either through general or special crimes.