bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When shared pain is not half the pain: enhanced central nervous system processing and verbal reports of pain in the presence of a solicitous spouse
Authors: Nees Frauke , Ditzen Beate , Flor Herta 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The experience of pain and pain behaviors is not only determined by physiological but also psychosocial factors. In this context, the learning history of the individual and specifically operant reinforcement related to spouse responses might play an important role. We investigated the effect of a solicitous and habitually pain-reinforcing spouse for the processing of pain in patients with chronic pain. Using multichannel electroencephalography, pain behaviors, and self-reports of pain, we examined 20 patients with chronic back pain (10 with solicitous and 10 with nonsolicitous spouses) and 10 matched healthy controls. The participants received a series of painful and nonpainful electrical stimuli applied to the site of pain (back) and a control area (finger) in the presence vs absence of the spouse. The global field power of the electroencephalogram with a focus in the frontal region was enhanced in patients with chronic back pain who had a solicitous spouse compared to those with a nonsolicitous spouse and the healthy controls. This was specific for the painful stimulation at the back and occurred only in the presence but not the absence of the spouse. Pain ratings of intensity and unpleasantness were also higher in the patients with solicitous spouses when the spouse was present during painful stimulation. These data suggest that significant other responses indicative of operant reinforcement may have a direct effect on the cerebral processing of pain and related pain perception.
Longitudinal resting-state electroencephalography in patients with chronic pain undergoing interdisciplinary multimodal pain therapy
Authors: Heitmann Henrik , Gil Ávila Cristina , Nickel Moritz M. , Ta Dinh Son , May Elisabeth S. , Tiemann Laura , Hohn Vanessa D. , Tölle Thomas R. , Ploner Markus 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Chronic pain is a major healthcare issue posing a large burden on individuals and society. Converging lines of evidence indicate that chronic pain is associated with substantial changes of brain structure and function. However, it remains unclear which neuronal measures relate to changes of clinical parameters over time and could thus monitor chronic pain and treatment responses. We therefore performed a longitudinal study in which we assessed clinical characteristics and resting-state electroencephalography data of 41 patients with chronic pain before and 6 months after interdisciplinary multimodal pain therapy. We specifically assessed electroencephalography measures that have previously been shown to differ between patients with chronic pain and healthy people. These included the dominant peak frequency; the amplitudes of neuronal oscillations at theta, alpha, beta, and gamma frequencies; as well as graph theory-based measures of brain network organization. The results show that pain intensity, pain-related disability, and depression were significantly improved after interdisciplinary multimodal pain therapy. Bayesian hypothesis testing indicated that these clinical changes were not related to changes of the dominant peak frequency or amplitudes of oscillations at any frequency band. Clinical changes were, however, associated with an increase in global network efficiency at theta frequencies. Thus, changes in chronic pain might be reflected by global network changes in the theta band. These longitudinal insights further the understanding of the brain mechanisms of chronic pain. Beyond, they might help to identify biomarkers for the monitoring of chronic pain.
Genome-wide association study of pain sensitivity assessed by questionnaire and the cold pressor test
Authors: Fontanillas Pierre , Kless Achim ,   23andMe Research Team, Bothmer John , Tung Joyce Y. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We deployed an online pain sensitivity questionnaire (PSQ) and an at-home version of the cold pressor test (CPT) in a large genotyped cohort. We performed genome-wide association studies on the PSQ score (25,321 participants) and CPT duration (6853). We identified one new genome-wide significant locus associated with the PSQ score, which was located in the TSSC1 (also known as EIPR1) gene (rs58194899, OR = 0.950 [0.933-0.967], P-value = 1.9 × 10−8). Although high pain sensitivity measured by both PSQ and CPT was associated with individual history of chronic and acute pains, genetic correlation analyses surprisingly suggested an opposite direction: PSQ score was inversely genetically correlated with neck and shoulder pain (r
g = −0.71), rheumatoid arthritis (−0.68), and osteoarthritis (−0.38), and with known risk factors, such as the length of working week (−0.65), smoking (−0.36), or extreme BMI (−0.23). Gene-based analysis followed by pathway analysis showed that genome-wide association studies results were enriched for genes expressed in the brain and involved in neuronal development and glutamatergic synapse signaling pathways. Finally, we confirmed that females with red hair were more sensitive to pain and found that genetic variation in the MC1R gene was associated with an increase in self-perceived pain sensitivity as assessed by the PSQ.
Validation of the Human Papillomavirus Impact Profile in Lebanese Women With Human Papillomavirus or Associated Lesions
Authors: Atallah David , El Feghaly Charbel , El Feghaly Murielle , Arab Wissam , Khaddage Abir , Akiki Mira , El Kassis Nadine , Abboud Sara , Chahine Georges , Moubarak Malak 
Published: December 2021

Objectives
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for a multitude of lesions with high psychosocial burden. The “HPV Impact Profile” (HIP) questionnaire is one of the first and most specific tools evaluating the emotional impact of HPV. This study aimed to translate this questionnaire into Arabic and to validate it, in a sample of Lebanese female patients.

Materials and Methods
The HIP questionnaire was translated to Arabic. It was then administered to 118 Lebanese women infected with HPV or screened for HPV-associated lesions, in parallel with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were studied in our sample population.

Results
The internal consistency of the HIP questionnaire was weak as Cronbach α coefficients of most of the domains were low. The study of the composite matrix resulted in the improvement of the internal consistency after the elimination of some items. Moreover, the “adapted domains” were created by reverse-scoring items with positive implications.
The composite reliability and the average variance extracted of all the domains were analyzed. Analysis of discriminate validity through heterotrait-monotrait ratio of correlation ratio analyses of corresponding Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale domains was also performed along with reliability analysis. There results were satisfying for the adapted domains.

Conclusions
The adapted domains of the 27 items questionnaire with reverse scoring of 8 items presented with good psychometric properties, allowing their use in clinical trials and in clinical practice.
Case Series: Different Presentations of Iris Melanoma—Potential Masquerade of Benign and Malignant
Authors: Allen Natalie , Misra Stuti L. , McGhee Charles N. J. , Crawford Alexandra Z. 
Published: December 2021

SIGNIFICANCE
Iris melanoma and iris nevi can be challenging to distinguish clinically. This case series provides unique insight into the rare condition and variable clinical presentations of iris melanoma.

PURPOSE
This study aimed to highlight the varying clinical presentations of iris melanoma and to demonstrate the overlapping features of melanoma and nevi.

CASE REPORTS
This case series includes five patients of varying age and sex who presented to clinic with pigmented iris lesions. These five patients have differing timeline to presentation and very different clinical presentations of their lesions. Clinical evaluation was based around the established “ABDCEF” guide for the assessment of malignant risk in iris lesions. The presentation of each lesion is discussed in relation to this guide and the experienced clinician's clinical suspicion of malignancy. When comparing the clinical suspicion with histological analysis, after biopsy, the result may be unexpected. Notably, initially benign nevi may transform into melanoma over time. These five cases were managed on an individual basis because the management and prognosis of iris melanomas vary significantly. Importantly, iris melanotic lesions have variable metastatic risk based on cytology and genetic predisposition. Informed consent was obtained from all the patients, institutional approval was obtained, and no identifiable health information is included in this case series.

CONCLUSIONS
When presented with a pigmented iris lesion, clinicians must be vigilant with regular monitoring and have a low threshold for biopsy in pigmented lesions of high clinical suspicion.
Leadership and Advanced Degrees
Authors: Pyfer Bryan J. , Hernandez Jorge A. , Glener Adam D. , Cason Roger W. , Levinson Howard , Phillips Brett T. 
Published: December 2021

Background
There are increasingly prevalent formal educational programs for physicians who seek to be better trained to advance their fields. Although higher education and advanced degrees are not necessarily linked to leadership, we hypothesize that leaders in plastic surgery commonly have dual degrees. We sought to evaluate the prevalence of and association between additional advanced degrees in academic plastic surgery and plastic surgery leadership.

Methods
Plastic surgery faculty from 96 academic training programs and all executive committee and board of directors' members from national, regional, and local plastic surgery societies were evaluated. Surgeons' institutional online profile pages, personal web pages, societal websites, and LinkedIn profiles were all evaluated for current/past leadership roles, as well as for advanced degree. Odds ratios (ORs) were used to determine if the presence of extra degrees increased their likelihood of leadership roles.

Results
A total of 1036 plastic surgeons were evaluated. Sixteen percent of academic faculty have a dual degree. Furthermore, 25.5% of plastic surgeons holding formal academic leadership roles have a dual degree (OR, 2.15; P = 0.043), as do 34.4% of those serving on the executive committee or board of directors in national plastic surgery societies (OR, 2.23; P = 0.026) and 29.2% of those serving in local/regional societal leadership roles (OR, 1.96; P = 0.043). Among all dual degrees, Masters in Business Administration has the highest association with leadership roles (OR, 3.45; P = 0.002).

Conclusions
Academic plastic surgeons with dual degrees are approximately twice as likely to hold a formal academic or societal leadership role. Additional studies are needed to determine if causative relationships exist.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Biodegradable Plates in Maxillofacial Fractures
Authors: Hassan Thair Abdel Lateef , Razzaq Russell Mukdad A. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Maxillofacial fractures require stable fixation for uneventful bony healing and optimal remodeling. Conventional titanium plates considered the gold standard of rigid internal fixation for many years, however due to the inherent drawbacks associated with metal devices biodegradable plates have been developed.

Aim of the Study:
To evaluate the efficacy of biodegradable plates as a treatment modality of rigid internal fixation for facial fractures and to assess the perioperative complications experienced with their utilization.

Patients and Methods:
This prospective clinical study included 10 Iraqi patients, met the eligibility criteria and subjected to open reduction and internal fixation with biodegradable plates system. The data were analyzed according to the age, gender, etiology of the fracture, fracture site, surgical approach, plate application time, fracture reduction, screw holes ossification, and patient's satisfaction. The patients were radiographically followed up with either computed tomography or CBCT at 3, 24, and 48 weeks with regular follow up intervals. The statistical analysis was performed using percentages, the mean ± standard deviation, Shapiro-Wilk test and Mann-Whitney U test.

Results:
The age of patients ranged from 9 to 65 years with an average of 26.1 years and a standard deviation of ± 12.9. Regarding gender, males showed a higher percentage than female (80% versus 20%), respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean time of plate application in midface and mandible (53 versus 32.9 minutes), respectively. All cases end up with complete screw holes ossification.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrated that biodegradable plating system was a sensitive procedure and greatly depended upon surgeon's experience and improvement of the learning curve.
Systematic review of mesodiverticular band: a rare cause of small bowel strangulation and hemoperitoneum in adults
Authors: Bamarni Sahand , HungFong SuySen , Mino Jeffrey , Misra Subhasis 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Mesodiverticular band (MDB) is a rare congenital intestinal malformation. It originates from the embryonic remnant of the vitelline artery and is usually associated with Meckel’s diverticulum (MD). Persistent MDB may cause small bowel obstruction by trapping a loop of bowel, hemoperitoneum due to aneurysmal or traumatic rupture of MDB. The purpose of this article is to review the literature of MDB and identify the patterns of presentation, complications, and management options.

Methods:
We searched PubMed for articles containing terms: “Mesodiverticular band,” “Vitelline band,” and “Vitelline artery remnant.” Abstracts were reviewed in detail and we included all the case reports available in full-text and in English language. We excluded all case reports of patients younger than 18 years of age.

Results:
Only 20 case reports were included. Only adult patients were included. The male to female ratio was 3:1. The most common presentation was small bowel obstruction followed by hemoperitoneum. The majority required exploratory laparotomy with more than half requiring small bowel resection. One death report secondary to undiagnosed internal hernia.

Conclusion:
MDB with MD is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction or hemoperitoneum in adults. It remains a diagnostic dilemma as it is usually diagnosed intraoperatively.
Detection of antimicrobial resistance, pathogenicity, and virulence potentials of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates at the Yaounde abattoir using whole genome sequencing technique
Authors: Matchawe Chelea , Machuka Eunice M. , Kyalo Martina , Bonny Patrice , Gerard Nkeunen , Njaci Isaac , Esemu Seraphine Nkie , Githae Dedan , Juma John , Bawe Mohamadou , Nsawir Bonglaisin J. , Piasentier Edi , Ndip Lucy M. , Pelle Roger 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOne of the crucial public health problems today is emerging and re-emerging of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens coupled with a decline in the development of new antimicrobials. Non-typhoidal Salmonella is classified among the multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens of international concern. To predict their multidrug resistance potentials, 19 assembled genomes (partial genomes) of 23 non-typhoidal Salmonella isolated at the Yaounde abattoir between December 2014 and November 2015 from live cattle (n=1), beef carcass (n=19), butchers’ hands (n=1) and the beef processing environments (n=2) were explored using whole-genome sequencing. Phenotypically, while approximately 22% (n=5) of Salmonella isolates showed moderate resistance to streptomycin, 13.04 % (n=3) were multidrug-resistant. Genotypically, all the Salmonella isolates possessed high multidrug resistance potentials against several classes of antibiotics (third-generation cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone), which are assigned highest priority drugs by the World Health Organization. Moreover, more than 31% of the isolates exhibited resistance potentials to polymyxin, considered as the last resort drug with both clinical and veterinary relevance. Additionally, close to 80% of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates in this study harboured ‘‘silent resistant genes’’ and thus constituted potential reservoirs of antibiotic resistance to other foodborne bacteria. Plasmids also appear to play a critical role in the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes of some isolates. The isolates showed a high degree of pathogenicity and possessed key effector proteins to establish infection in their hosts, including humans. The overall results demand prudent use of antibiotics and constant monitoring of antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella in the Cameroonian abattoirs.Author summaryNon-typhoidal Salmonella has been classified among the multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens of international concern. A growing resistance to a broad range of antibacterial compounds in animals and clinical settings has been reported in Non-Typhoidal Salmonella. Current knowledge of their antibiotic resistance profile is essential to inform policy decisions for the choice of appropriate management of invasive salmonellosis. The significance of our research consists in predicting the multidrug resistance, pathogenicity and virulence potentials of Salmonella organisms using whole genome sequencing. This unveils the need for the development of a diagnostic model that takes into account the genotype–phenotype antibacterial resistance profile of Salmonella, which is of both clinical and veterinary relevance.
Slice-direction geometric distortion evaluation and correction with reversed slice-select gradient acquisitions
Authors: Blazejewska Anna I. , Witzel Thomas , Andersson Jesper L.R. , Wald Lawrence L. , Polimeni Jonathan R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAccurate spatial alignment of MRI data acquired across multiple contrasts in the same subject is often crucial for data analysis and interpretation, but can be challenging in the presence of geometric distortions that differ between acquisitions. It is well known that single-shot echo-planar imaging (EPI) acquisitions suffer from distortion in the phase-encoding direction due to B0 field inhomogeneities arising from tissue magnetic susceptibility differences and other sources, however there can be distortion in other encoding directions as well in the presence of strong field homogeneities. High-resolution ultrahigh-field MRI typically uses low bandwidth in the slice-encoding direction to acquire thin slices and, when combined with the pronounced B0 inhomogeneities, is prone to an additional geometric distortion in the slice direction as well. Here we demonstrate a presence of this slice distortion in high-resolution 7T EPI acquired with a novel pulse sequence allowing for the reversal of the slice-encoding gradient polarity that enables the acquisition of pairs of images with equal magnitudes of distortion in the slice direction but with opposing polarities. We also show that the slice-direction distortion can be corrected using gradient reversal-based method applying the same software used for conventional corrections of phase-encoding direction distortion.
Deep metabolic profiling assessment of tissue extraction protocols for three model organisms
Authors: Gegner Hagen M. , Mechtel Nils , Heidenreich Elena , Wirth Angela , Cortizo Fabiola Garcia , Bennewitz Katrin , Fleming Thomas , Andresen Carolin , Freichel Marc , Teleman Aurelio , Kroll Jens , Hell Rüdiger , Poschet Gernot 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMetabolic profiling harbors the potential to better understand various disease entities such as cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s disease or COVID-19. Deciphering these intricate pathways in human studies requires large sample sizes as a means of reducing variability. While such broad human studies have discovered new associations between a given disease and certain affected metabolites, i.e. biomarkers, they often provide limited functional insights. To design more standardized experiments, reduce variability in the measurements and better resolve the functional component of such dynamic metabolic profiles, model organisms are frequently used. Standardized rearing conditions and uniform sampling strategies are prerequisites towards a successful metabolomic study. However, further aspects such as the choice of extraction protocol and analytical technique can influence the outcome drastically. Here, we employed a highly standardized metabolic profiling assay analyzing 630 metabolites across three commonly used model organisms (Drosophila, mouse and Zebrafish) to find the optimal extraction protocols for various matrices. Focusing on parameters such as metabolite coverage, metabolite yield and variance between replicates we compared seven extraction protocols. We found that the application of a combination of 75% ethanol and methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), while not producing the broadest coverage and highest yields, was the most reproducible extraction protocol. We were able to determine up to 530 metabolites in mouse kidney samples, 509 in mouse liver, 422 in Zebrafish and 388 in Drosophila and discovered a core overlap of 261 metabolites in these four matrices. To enable other scientists to search for the most suitable extraction protocol in their experimental context and interact with this comprehensive data, we have integrated our data set in the open-source shiny app “MetaboExtract”. This will enable scientists to search for their metabolite or metabolite class of interest, compare it across the different tested extraction protocols and sample types as well as find reference concentrations.
Changes of small non-coding RNAs by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection
Authors: Wu Wenzhe , Choi Eun-Jin , Wang Binbin , Zhang Ke , Adam Awadalkareem , Huang Gengming , Tunkle Leo , Huang Philip , Goru Rohit , Imirowicz Isabella , Henry Leanne , Lee Inhan , Dong Jianli , Wang Tian , Bao Xiaoyong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which results from the rapid spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a significant global public health threat, with molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis largely unknown. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) are known to play important roles in almost all biological processes. In the context of viral infections, sncRNAs have been shown to regulate the host responses, viral replication, and host-virus interaction. Compared with other subfamilies of sncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs) are relatively new and emerge as a significant regulator of host-virus interactions. Using T4 PNK-RNA-seq, a modified next-generation sequencing (NGS), we recently found that nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) samples from SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative subjects show a significant difference in sncRNA profiles. There are about 166 SARS-CoV-2-impacted sncRNAs. Among them, tRFs are the most significantly affected and almost all impacted tRFs are derived from the 5’-end of tRNAs (tRF5). Using a modified qRT-PCR, which was recently developed to specifically quantify tRF5s by isolating the tRF signals from its corresponding parent tRNA signals, we validated that tRF5s derived from tRNA GluCTC (tRF5-GluCTC), LysCTT (tRF5-LysCTT), ValCAC (tRF5-ValCAC), CysGCA (tRF5-CysGCA) and GlnCTG (tRF5-GlnCTG) are enhanced in NPS samples of SARS-CoV2 patients and SARS-CoV2-infected airway epithelial cells. In addition to host-derived ncRNAs, we also identified several sncRNAs derived from the virus (svRNAs), among which a svRNA derived from CoV2 genomic site 346 to 382 (sv-CoV2-346) has the highest expression. The induction of both tRFs and sv-CoV2-346 has not been reported previously, as the lack of the 3’-OH ends of these sncRNAs prevents them to be detected by routine NGS. In summary, our studies demonstrated the involvement of tRFs in COVID-19 and revealed new CoV2 svRNAs.