bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multi‐center Genome‐wide Association Study of Cervical Dystonia
Authors: Sun Yan V. , Li Chengchen , Hui Qin , Huang Yunfeng , Barbano Richard , Rodriguez Ramon , Malaty Irene A. , Reich Stephen , Bambarger Kimberly , Holmes Katie , Jankovic Joseph , Patel Neepa J. , Roze Emmanuel , Vidailhet Marie , Berman Brian D. , LeDoux Mark S. , Espay Alberto J. , Agarwal Pinky , Pirio‐Richardson Sarah , Frank Samuel A. , Ondo William G. , Saunders‐Pullman Rachel , Chouinard Sylvain , Natividad Stover , Berardelli Alfredo , Pantelyat Alexander Y. , Brashear Allison , Fox Susan H. , Kasten Meike , Krämer Ulrike M. , Neis Miriam , Bäumer Tobias , Loens Sebastian , Borsche Max , Zittel Simone , Maurer Antonia , Gelderblom Mathias , Volkmann Jens , Odorfer Thorsten , Kühn Andrea A. , Borngräber Friederike , König Inke R. , Cruchaga Carlos , Cotton Adam C. , Kilic‐Berkmen Gamze , Freeman Alan , Factor Stewart A. , Scorr Laura , Bremner J. Douglas , Vaccarino Viola , Quyyumi Arshed A. , Klein Christine , Perlmutter Joel S. , Lohmann Katja , Jinnah Hyder A. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundSeveral monogenic causes for isolated dystonia have been identified, but they collectively account for only a small proportion of cases. Two genome‐wide association studies have reported a few potential dystonia risk loci; but conclusions have been limited by small sample sizes, partial coverage of genetic variants, or poor reproducibility.ObjectiveTo identify robust genetic variants and loci in a large multicenter cervical dystonia cohort using a genome‐wide approach.MethodsWe performed a genome‐wide association study using cervical dystonia samples from the Dystonia Coalition. Logistic and linear regressions, including age, sex, and population structure as covariates, were employed to assess variant‐ and gene‐based genetic associations with disease status and age at onset. We also performed a replication study for an identified genome‐wide significant signal.ResultsAfter quality control, 919 cervical dystonia patients compared with 1491 controls of European ancestry were included in the analyses. We identified one genome‐wide significant variant (rs2219975, chromosome 3, upstream of COL8A1, P‐value 3.04 × 10−8). The association was not replicated in a newly genotyped sample of 473 cervical dystonia cases and 481 controls. Gene‐based analysis identified DENND1A to be significantly associated with cervical dystonia (P‐value 1.23 × 10−6). One low‐frequency variant was associated with lower age‐at‐onset (16.4 ± 2.9 years, P‐value = 3.07 × 10−8, minor allele frequency = 0.01), located within the GABBR2 gene on chromosome 9 (rs147331823).ConclusionThe genetic underpinnings of cervical dystonia are complex and likely consist of multiple distinct variants of small effect sizes. Larger sample sizes may be needed to provide sufficient statistical power to address the presumably multi‐genic etiology of cervical dystonia. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Challenging the remarkably sharp roll‐off band notch with fragment‐type etch patterns
Authors: Du Yijun , Wu Xiaopo , Wang Gang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEnsuring the sharp roll‐off property of a filtering antenna in many applications is regarded as one of the highest priorities and requires the designers' full concentration. This work devotes itself to challenge the remarkably roll‐off characteristics by searching for the best fragment‐type patterns etched on a ultrawideband monopole radiator without using any other auxiliary components or resonant structures. The etch pattern is obtained technically by coping with the multi‐objective optimization issue based on the initial band notch generated by joint slits. Guide rules for presetting the two slits are also proposed. The results of roll‐off criterion (ROC) = 0.83 for notching the WLAN band ranging from 5.15 to 5.84 GHz and ROC = 0.91 for notching a broad band ranging from 4.8 to 6.35 GHz are presented in detail.
A focused ethnography of the culture of inclusive caring practice in the intensive care unit
Authors: Al‐Shamaly Hanan Subhi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimTo explore and understand the culture of nurses' multidimensional “caring‐for” practice in intensive care unit (ICU).DesignA focused ethnography.MethodsData were collected from 35 Registered Nurses through participant observations, field notes, documentation reviews, interviews, informal conversations and Participants' additional information forms over 6 months in one ICU. Thematic data analysis was used.FindingsDifferent dimensions of nursing caring in ICU were found. The inclusivity of a culture of nurses' “caring‐for” involved the following: oneself, patients and their families, different colleagues, and caring as ecological consciousness in the ICU environment and organization.
Reactivity of Coinage Metal Hydrides for the Production of H2 Molecules
Authors: Iribarren Iñigo , Sánchez‐Sanz Goar , Elguero José , Alkorta Ibon , Trujillo Cristina 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe formation of molecular hydrogen as well as the possibility of using coinage metal hydrides as a prospective complex to produce hydrogen was presented in this work. Therefore, the reactions involving the interaction between two coinage metal hydrides, MH (M=Cu, Ag and Au, homo and heterodimers), were studied. The free energy profiles corresponding to aforementioned complexation were analysed by means of ab initio methods of quantum chemistry. The characteristics of these intermediates, final complexes and the electron density properties of the established interactions were discussed.
Concurrent maternal malignancy and fetal trisomy detected using genome‐wide noninvasive prenatal screening
Authors: Scott Fergus , Smet Maria‐Elisabeth , Hardy Tristan , Sundercombe Samantha , Friedlander Michael , Carey Louise , Kirk Edwin , Li Biao , McLennan Andrew 
Published: July 2021

Key pointsWhat is already known about the topic?

Multiple aneuploidies identified on cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) testing have an 18% positive predictive value for maternal malignancy.

Tumours often contain multiple chromosome errors including oncogene duplications.

In these instances, screening on more limited cfDNA screening platforms typically result in a technical failure or “no call”.

What is new about the topic?

Genome‐wide cfDNA assesses all chromosomes, including segmental aneuploidy, providing sufficient resolution for the detection of some cases of oncogene duplication.

Genome‐wide cfDNA screening is a commercial reality. The debate should now focus on how best to manage the additional information these assays provide.
Characteristics and progression‐free survival of Afro‐Caribbean men with metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer at the time of diagnosis
Authors: Rossignol Thibault , Gourtaud Gilles , Senechal Cédric , Sadreux Yvane , Roux Virginie , Blanchet Pascal , Brureau Laurent 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroduction and ObjectivesMetastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) accounts for 12% of prostate cancers diagnosed in Guadeloupe according to the Guadeloupean cancer registry. Most published studies have been conducted on the Caucasian population, whereas data concerning mHSPC in the Afro‐Caribbean population are lacking. We aimed to describe the patient characteristics and estimate the progression‐free survival of men with mHSPC in an Afro‐Caribbean population according to the available treatment.Patients and MethodsThis was a monocentric retrospective study that consecutively included 133 men with mHSPC between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2019 at the University Hospital of Guadeloupe. The primary endpoint was a description of the patients' characteristics with a description of complications at diagnosis. The secondary endpoint was progression‐free survival. Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed.ResultsThe median age at diagnosis was 71 years. The median prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) was 147 ng/ml and 37% of patients presented with a disease‐related complication at diagnosis. The survival analysis according to treatment showed median survival of 15 months for the androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) + chemotherapy group, 20 months for the ADT + new hormone therapy group, and 21.5 months for the ADT alone group, with no significant difference between the three therapeutic options (log‐rank test: 0.27). In univariate analysis, none of the patient characteristics at diagnosis (i.e., age, PSA, bone lesions, visceral lesions) were significantly associated with the risk of progression, regardless of the treatment.ConclusionThere was no significant difference in terms of progression‐free survival between currently validated treatments administered in the first line, regardless of the tumor volume or risk group. Future studies with larger numbers of patients and involving molecular factors are required to confirm or invalidate these results and understand the evolution of prostate cancer in our population and thus better prevent complications related to the disease.
Comparative study of B content and δ11B in the enamel of isolated teeth from brothers in the same family
Authors: Li Zixia , Miao Hong Wen , Li Bin Kai , Lu Hai 
Published: July 2021

RationaleThe quantity of boron (B) and its isotopic ratios in tooth can provide information on dietary habits and oral health of individuals. These metrics are gradually being used in stomatology, environmental science and geochemistry.MethodsThis study measured the B concentration and δ11B in the enamel of isolated teeth from brothers in the same family living in high‐B‐exposure areas at different times using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) and multicollector ICP‐MS.ResultsThe results demonstrate that B content in tooth samples of two brothers is related to the time of shedding. The earlier the time of shedding, the lower is the B content in tooth. The B content increased from 20.5 μg/g of the central incisor (6–7 years old) of the younger brother to 50.4 μg/g of the second molar (10–12 years old). And B content for the elder brother increased from 28.7 to 58.3 μg/g at the same positions. In the same family, the diet and environmental input of B is basically similar, and the B exposure is basically the same every year. The annual growth rate of B for the younger brother in this experiment is about 4.98 μg/g per year and that for the elder brother is about 4.93 μg/g per year. The δ11B of shed teeth at different times from the same person is basically similar, but different from person to person. The δ11B of shed teeth from the elder brother varies from 15.5‰ to 17.9‰ and from the younger brother varies from 5.2‰ to 6.7‰. The δ11B is quite different for the brothers in the same family who had the same food and environmental intake of B.ConclusionsThe experimental data confirmed the relationship between the information of B (B content and δ11B) in shed teeth and B exposure. They provided an experimental basis using modern human teeth to apply B‐isotope paleo‐environmental significance.
Case study of event risk management with options strangles and straddles
Authors: Kownatzki Clemens , Putnam Bluford , Yu Arthur 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEvent risk environments may involve an elevated probability of both volatility regime shifts and sharp, abrupt price changes, either up or down. Purely direction‐oriented risk management approaches are not necessarily well‐suited for these market conditions. In this exploratory case study, we look at the possibility that non‐directional options strategies, such as straddles and strangles, may offer interesting benefits in the management of potential event risk environments. Our research involves only the case of the S&P500® Index from 2018 through 2020. We utilize the Market Sentiment Meter from CME Group to identify periods in which event risk may be present and particularly when the probability of sharp, abrupt price changes may be elevated. Our findings in this specific case suggest that selling option straddles and strangles during typical market conditions and then buying option straddles and strangles when the market sentiment switches to a more extreme state offers potential as an effective risk management approach for event risk. More research is needed over longer periods and for different securities, including international equity indices, to explore the usefulness of options strategies for event risk management.
Adaptive tracking of uncertain nonlinear systems under different types of input delays with urban traffic perimeter control application
Authors: Haddad Jack , Mirkin Boris 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPragmatic design method of direct model reference adaptive control (MRAC) is developed for a class of uncertain systems, where various input channels might have different delays and taking into account the effect of control saturation. To overcome the difficulty of directly predict the plant state and cope with different kinds of input delays, the proposed control design relies on implicit time‐delay prediction by using auxiliary linear Smith‐like dynamic units with adjustable gains. The design is unified to different time delay categories, that is, constant, time‐varying, or dependent on the current plant state. Within the context of the proposed approach, various adaptive control feedback strategies are designed for problems of continuous and sample‐and‐hold control implementations. Simulation results of a perimeter control for two interacting aggregate urban traffic regions are presented.
Income or education?Community‐levelantecedents of firms'category‐spanningactivities
Authors: Chae Heewon 
Published: July 2021

AbstractResearch SummaryThis study investigates the relationships between consumer income, consumer education, and firms' propensities to span multiple market categories. Despite their positive correlation, I theorize contrasting effects of income and education on firms' variety‐enhancing spanning. Specifically, I propose that the strong purchasing power of high‐income communities should reduce the need for firms to operate in multiple categories, but culturally omnivorous preferences among educated elites should encourage firms' spanning. Analyses of 6,072 restaurants in a metropolitan area and a large‐scale survey offer support for these predictions. Education, though not income, has a further positive effect on firms' atypicality‐enhancing spanning. This study contributes to category and management research by focusing on audience heterogeneity as important antecedents of firms' action and explicating the multifaceted nature of spanning.Managerial SummaryThis study examines how restaurants decide their culinary categories and menus depending on residents' income and education levels of a city they are located in. I find restaurants in higher‐income communities tend to be more specialized in a single or fewer categories while those in lower‐income communities are more likely to diversify into multiple categories to reach a broader customer base. By comparison, restaurants in more educated communities tend to diversify into multiple categories and provide fusion food because educated cultural omnivores like to explore novelty. These findings imply that retail firms should consider the separate effects of income and education levels of target consumers in determining their business scope and product portfolio.
Manganese‐Based Micro/Nanomotors: Synthesis, Motion, and Applications
Authors: Yang Yangyang , Hu Kunsheng , Zhang Panpan , Zhou Peng , Duan Xiaoguang , Sun Hongqi , Wang Shaobin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs emerging micro/nano‐scale devices, micro/nanomotors have been innovatively applied in the environmental and biomedical applications. In this paper, the recent advances of Mn‐based micro/nanomotors (Mn‐micro/nanomotors) in catalytic oxidation of organic contaminants and the mechanisms in decomposition of H2O2 (e.g., the generation of O2 bubbles and reactive oxygen species) are reviewed. The intrinsic characteristics and synthetic strategies of Mn‐based materials are discussed, aiming to gain comprehensive understandings on the asymmetric design of micro/nanomotors. Mn‐micro/nanomotors have many advantages such as flexible structures, biocompatibility, powerful motion, long lifetime, and low‐cost as compared to noble‐metal micro/nanomotors. These merits fulfil Mn‐micro/nanomotors great promises from proof‐of‐concept studies to realistic applications, including pollutant decomposition, trace detection of heavy metal ions, oil removal, drug delivery, isolation of biological targets, and killing bacteria and cancer cells. The great flexibility in fabrication enables diverse and innovative strategies to address challenges for Mn‐micro/nanomotors, including high consumption of H2O2 and non‐directional motion. Meanwhile, a perspective of Mn‐micro/nanomotors in water remediation by coupling the motors with other Fenton/Fenton‐like systems to enhance the catalytic activity and to yield more reactive oxygen species is presented. Directions to the design of on‐demand H2O2‐fueled Mn‐micro/nanomotors for advanced purification of organic contaminants in aquatic systems are also proposed.
Constraining active-sterile neutrino transition magnetic moments at DUNE near and far detectors
Authors: Schwetz Thomas , Zhou Albert , Zhu Jing-Yu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe consider the sensitivity of the DUNE experiment to a heavy neutral lepton, HNL (also known as sterile neutrino) in the mass range from a few MeV to a few GeV, interacting with the Standard Model via a transition magnetic moment to the active neutrinos, the so-called dipole portal. The HNL is produced via the up-scattering of active neutrinos, and the subsequent decay inside the detector provides a single-photon signal. We show that the tau-neutrino dipole portal can be efficiently probed at the DUNE far detector, using the tau-neutrino flux generated by neutrino oscillations, while the near detector provides better sensitivity to the electron- and muon-neutrino dipole portal. DUNE will be able to explore large regions of currently unconstrained parameter space and has comparable sensitivity to other planned dedicated experiments, such as SHiP. We also comment briefly on the sensitivity to pure HNL mixing with the tau neutrino at the DUNE far detector.
Entanglement Entropy and Quantum Phase Transition in the O(N) σ-model
Authors: Chen Jiunn-Wei , Dai Shou-Huang , Pang Jin-Yi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We investigate how entanglement entropy behaves in a non-conformal scalar field system with a quantum phase transition, by the replica method. We study the σ-model in 3+1 dimensions which is O(N) symmetric as the mass squared parameter μ2 is positive, and undergoes spontaneous symmetry breaking while μ2 becomes negative. The area law leading divergence of the entanglement entropy is preserved in both of the symmetric and the broken phases. The spontaneous symmetry breaking changes the subleading divergence from log to log squared, due to the cubic interaction on the cone. At the leading order of the coupling constant expansion, the entanglement entropy reaches a cusped maximum at the quantum phase transition point μ2 = 0, and decreases while μ2 is tuned away from 0 into either phase.
The distributional consequences of social distancing on poverty and labour income inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Delaporte Isaure , Escobar Julia , Peña Werner 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper estimates the potential distributional consequences of the first phase of the COVID-19 lockdowns on poverty and labour income inequality in 20 Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. We estimate the share of individuals that are potentially able to remain active under the lockdown by taking into account individuals’ teleworking capacity but also whether their occupation is affected by legal workplace closures or mobility restrictions. Furthermore, we compare the shares under the formal (de jure) lockdown policies assuming perfect compliance with the shares under de facto lockdowns where there is some degree of non-compliance. We then estimate individuals’ potential labour income losses and examine changes in poverty and labour income inequality. We find an increase in poverty and labour income inequality in most of the LAC countries due to social distancing; however, the observed changes are lower under de facto lockdowns, revealing the potential role of non-compliance as a coping strategy during the lockdowns. Social distancing measures have led to an increase in inequality both between and within countries. Lastly, we show that most of the dispersion in the labour income loss across countries is explained by the sectoral/occupational employment structure of the economies.
Unintentional guideline deviations in hospitalized patients with two or more antithrombotic agents: an intervention study
Authors: van Uden Renate C. A. E. , van den Broek Marcel P. H. , Houtenbos Ilse , Jaspers Tessa C. C. , Harmsze Ankie M. , Kingma Hylke J. , Odekerken Diego A. M. , Meijer Karina , van den Bemt Patricia M. L. A. , Becker Matthijs L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Treatment schedules for antithrombotic therapy are complex, and there is a risk of inappropriate prescribing or continuation of antithrombotic therapy beyond the intended period of time. The primary aim of this study was to determine the frequency of unintentional guideline deviations in hospitalized patients. Secondary aims were to determine whether the frequency of unintentional guideline deviations decreased after intervention by a pharmacist, to determine the acceptance rate of the interventions and to determine the type of interventions.

Methods
We performed a non-controlled prospective intervention study in three teaching hospitals in the Netherlands. We examined whether hospitalized patients who used the combination of an anticoagulant plus at least one other antithrombotic agent had an unintentional guideline deviation. In these cases, the hospital pharmacist contacted the physician to assess whether this deviation was intentional. If the deviation was unintentional, a recommendation was provided how to adjust the antithrombotic regimen according to guideline recommendations.

Results
Of the 988 included patients, 407 patients had an unintentional guideline deviation (41.2%). After intervention, this was reduced to 22 patients (2.2%) (p < 0.001). The acceptance rate of the interventions was 96.6%. The most frequently performed interventions were discontinuation of an low molecular weight heparin in combination with a direct oral anticoagulant and discontinuation of an antiplatelet agent when there was no indication for the combination of an antiplatelet agent and an anticoagulant.

Conclusion
A significant number of hospitalized patients who used an anticoagulant plus one other antithrombotic agent had an unintentional guideline deviation. Intervention by a pharmacist decreased unintentional guideline deviations.